bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE/H-BNNS REINFORCED HIGH-PERFORMANCE POLYURETHANE NANOCOMPOSITES PRODUCED USING SOLVENT CASTING METHOD
Authors: Chaudhary Neetu , Dikshit Mithilesh
Published: November 2024

Polyurethane (PU) is a popular material for nanocomposites application in polymer science and technology. In pure form, PU is not suitable for engineering applications that require additional processing to improve the mechanical and thermal properties. High-performance PU nanocomposites with superior properties may be obtained by reinforcement with nanostructures such as graphene (Gr) and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS). In the present research, h-BNNS and Gr are used as a reinforcement into the PU matrix. Solvent casting method has been used to obtain PU/Gr, PU/h-BNNS, and PU/Gr + h-BNNS (hybrid) nanocomposites. Gr and h-BNNS are reinforced into the PU matrix at weight % (wt.%) of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively. In hybrid PU nanocomposite the combination of both Gr and h-BNNS has been used in the wt.% of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7. Characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were employed to elucidate the morphological and structural changes within the PU nanocomposite matrix. Results revealed the establishment of polymerization in all three types of reinforcement and the presence of hard segments in the h-BNNS reinforced PU nanocomposites, which indicates the presence of hydrogen bonding. h-BNNS reinforced PU nanocomposites revealed the formation of strong interfacial interaction between the h-BNNS and the PU matrix. Significant changes in the storage modulus (E') were observed with the various types of reinforcing agents. Reinforcement of 0.5 wt.% of h-BNNS yields better results compared to Gr and hybrid reinforcement.
Model of cost management for the Jakarta Bandung High Speed Railway Project
Authors: Salim Indra Putra , Simanjuntak Manlian Ronald A. , Jin Oei Fuk
Published: November 2024

The completion of the Jakarta-Bandung High-speed railway (JBHSR) project in 2023 marks a significant milestone for Indonesia, showcasing enhanced connectivity between two cities of Jakarta and Bandung. Despite facing challenges, particularly in cost management, this study employs content validity ratio, factor analysis and structural equation modelling to address these issues. Surveying 404 stakeholders, it highlights the crucial role of cost planning in project success, aligning with existing literature on similar endeavors. The final model refines 108 cost management attributes as per PMBOK guidelines, namely, cost management process involves planning, estimation, budget determination, and cost control. The outcomes of the final structural equation model underscore the significance of cost control in enhancing both cost efficiency and project success, aligning with findings from literature on similar projects. The novelty of this study lies in its application of content validity ratio, factor analysis and structural equation modelling within the context of high-speed railway projects, adding to the existing literature on infrastructure development in Indonesia. This research offers valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers involved in the planning and execution of large-scale infrastructure projects, potentially leading to enhanced cost efficiency and project success in similar projects in the future.
Applying experiential learning theory in non-school-based technical and vocational education and training for unemployed youths in South Africa
Authors: Mayombe Celestin
Published: November 2024

Youth unemployment is one of the major challenges facing Sub-Saharan African countries today. Although young people may hold general certificates of education (equivalent to Grade 12), they lack employable or marketable skills enabling them to be integrated into the labour market. In this paper, I examine the application of experiential learning theory (ELT) in non-school-based technical and vocational training for unemployed youths as a learning approach to develop job-related skills and competencies for the real world of the workplace. I used a qualitative research design to meet the research objectives and conducted one-on-one semi-structured interviews with 10 trainees out of 512 to get their views on training delivery and learning approaches for skills acquisition. To complement the interview data, I also conducted field observations at the training centres, in the workshops, and at companies hosting trainees for workplace training. My findings revealed that the facilitators used classroom-based and field-based experiential learning approaches to help the trainees gain job-related skills and competencies required in the labour market. I conclude that applying ELT in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programmes helped young trainees gain the job-related skills and competencies required in the labour market. As practical implications for society, I provide new insights into applying ELT to improve the effectiveness of non-school-based TVET programmes for disadvantaged and unemployed youths. My findings will motivate other trainers and training managers to apply ELT in designing and implementing non-school-based TVET programmes.
Determining the Correlation of Fat-Free Mass, Power, and Maximum Hamstring Force in Female Basketball Athletes
Authors: Budijono Agung Prijo , Siantoro Gigih , Dhenabayu Riska , Hartoto Setiyo , Kusuma Donny Ardy , Firmansyah Awang , Prasetya Muhammad Reza Aziz , Garcia-Jimenez Jose V.
Published: November 2024

Background. In competitive sports, especially basketball, physical attributes such as agility, speed, strength, and power are crucial for performance.
Objectives. This study aimed to examine the correlation between fat-free mass (FFM), countermovement jump (CMJ) power, and maximum hamstring force in female basketball athletes, providing insights that could enhance performance and reduce injury risk.
Materials and methods. This observational cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between fat-free mass (FFM), power, and maximum hamstring force in 45 female basketball athletes. The Anderson-Darling test for assessing normality and Spearman’s correlation for non-normally distributed data were used to conduct the study.
Results. Significant correlations were found between FFM and maximum hamstring force in the both right (r = 0.585, p < 0.001) and left legs (r = 0.522, p < 0.001), as well as between (CMJ) power and maximum hamstring force for both legs (right: r = 0.467, p = 0.001; left: r = 0.434, p = 0.003). Additionally, power was significantly correlated with jump height (r = 0.604, p < 0.001).
Conclusions. These findings suggest that FFM and power are critical determinants of hamstring strength and explosive performance in female basketball athletes.
Effect of Weight Bearing Exercises on Pain, Leg Function, Balance and Bone Strength in Females of Postmenopausal Age with Osteoarthritis Knee
Authors:   Professor, Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India, Saji V T , Kotteeswaran K
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is prevalent among postmenopausal women (PMW), impacting their quality of life. This Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) aimed to assess the effectiveness of conventional physiotherapy combined with joint-loading exercises on stable and unstable platforms in improving knee function, muscle strength, balance, and bone mineral density - an important strength of the study - in PMW with OA. Methods: Thirty PMWs with knee OA were randomly allocated to three groups (n=10): Group A got conventional physiotherapy, Group B got conventional physiotherapy plus joint-loading exercises on a stable platform, and Group C got conventional physiotherapy plus joint-loading exercises on an unstable platform. Key tools utilized in the study included the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), and Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for assessing pain, function, balance, and bone strength. The interventions lasted six weeks, with pre-and post-test assessments. Mention how the analysis was done Findings: All groups showed significant improvements in KOOS (G-A: 10.9%, G-B: 18.0%, G-C: 9.3%), MMT (G-A: 3.4 to 4.2, G-B: 3.4 to 4.6, G-C: 3.5 to 4.6), TUGT (G-A: 7.5%, G-B: 6.1%, G-C: 9.9%) and DEXA (G-A at -0.077 ± 0.4, G-B at 0.225 ± 0.5, and G-C at -0.246 ± 0.5) no significant differences were found between groups, though G- B showed the highest improvements. Novelty: While all interventions effectively improved knee function, muscle strength, and balance in PMW with OA, joint-loading exercises on a stable platform demonstrated the greatest benefits. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Postmenopausal Women, Physiotherapy, Joint-loading exercises, Muscle Strength, Balance
Classification of Liver Lesion Stages using pyRadiomics Features Combined with 3D-CNN in 3D-CT and US Images
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College (A Constituent College of Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University)), Salem, 636308, Tamil Nadu, India, Parimala A Bathsheba , Shanmugasundaram R S
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The goal of this study is to identify the various stages in liver diseases employing pyRadiomics features by analyzing the 3-dimensional CT and US images. Methods: The study uses Gray level Run Length Matrix for feature extraction and 3D-CNN for classification and compared with methods like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Naïve Bayes (NB) classifiers to assess the efficiency of the proposed model. The suggested algorithm is implemented using the library functions in Tensorflow and Keras packages in Python. Findings: The study utilizes radiomic feature extraction and two-phase classification to detect and classify liver disorders. In the first phase, binary classification is used to classify US and CT images as normal or abnormal, with accuracy rates of 95.4% and 97.9%. This is followed by the second phase classification, which classifies the lesion stages for both US and CT aberrant images. CT images have been shown to be more accurate in categorizing lesion stages than US imaging. CT images have a much lower misclassification rate at each step than US images. Finally, the effectiveness of the 3D-CNN model is compared with SVM, RF, and NB and the suggested method outperforms the other methods. Novelty: The suggested architecture employs radionics feature extraction with two-phase CNN for classification and the suggested method is found to be more efficient than SVM, RF, and NB. Keywords: Radiomics; Feature Extraction; Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN); Classification; Liver Diseases
Influence of Higher Order Chemical Reaction on Rotational and Permeable Radiative Flow with Interruption of Micro-organism
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, UCS, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India, Ashok P , Kumar Rama Udai , Gopal D , Jagadha S , Reddy M Chenna Krishna
Published: November 2024

Objective: The concentration on the function of the non-Newtonian radiative Casson Nanofluid model via a permeable and stretchable cone has been investigated. The innovation of the problem is Casson, taken as base fluid, and Manganese Ferrite is dropped in the base fluid under the action of a higher-order chemical reaction. This study examines the convective magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a conducting micro-organism fluid confined within a horizontal channel via stimulus of a transverse magnetic field (MHD) and thermal radiation parameter. Methods: The foremost partial differential equations (PDE) are changed into an arrangement of ordinary differential equations by applying adequate corresponding transform. The outputs of these equations are performed numerically employing the RK method and computed by well-established BVP4C MATLAB software Special features such as radiation, heat generation/absorption, Joule heating, and electrically conductive MHD are examined. Skin friction and Nusselt number are incorporated into the flow and results are tabulated and outcomes are discussed graphically. Findings: The system incorporates the effects of micro-organism, pressure gradient and the movement of the moving cone. The generated heat is significant enough to cause radiation from both the fluid and the dust particles. Solutions for velocity and temperature distributions of the fluid, as well as the velocity and energy of the dust particles, are obtained using a perturbation scheme. The analytical impact of numerous geometrical parameters on both fluid and dust particle profiles has been analyzed and illustrated graphically. The impact of nonlinear partial derivative formulations is developed subjected to boundary layer theory. Novelty: As labelled in the results, heterogeneous is the examination of thermal radiation in science and technology such as liquid metal fluids different momentum devices for missiles, and turbines of gas effects on thermal radiation are exhibited and distinguished in various investigations and mathematical applications uses of the view in which radiant production be dependent on temperature are point out as a new value to the prevailing literature. Keywords: Thermal radiation, Brownian motion, Buoyancy flow, Chemical reaction, Heat and Mass transfer, Rotating cone
Tissue dissociation and 10x Multiome for fetal heart tissue (Version 3) v2
Authors: X Ma Rosa , D Conley Stephanie
Published: November 2024

Congenital heart defects (CHD) arise in part due to inherited genetic variants that alter genes and noncoding regulatory elements in the human genome. These variants are thought to act during fetal development to influence the formation of different heart structures. However, identifying the genes, pathways, and cell types that mediate these effects has been challenging due to the immense diversity of cell types involved in heart development as well as the superimposed complexities of interpreting noncoding sequences. As such, understanding the molecular functions of both noncoding and coding variants remains paramount to our fundamental understanding of cardiac development and CHD. Here, we created a gene regulation map of the healthy human fetal heart across developmental time, and applied it to interpret the functions of variants associated with CHD and quantitative cardiac traits. We collected single-cell multiomic data from 734,000 single cells sampled from 41 fetal hearts spanning post-conception weeks 6 to 22, enabling the construction of gene regulation maps in 90 cardiac cell types and states, including rare populations of cardiac conduction cells. Through an unbiased analysis of all 90 cell types, we find that both rare coding variants associated with CHD and common noncoding variants associated with valve traits converge to affect valvular interstitial cells (VICs). VICs are enriched for high expression of known CHD genes previously identified through mapping of rare coding variants. Eight CHD genes, as well as other genes in similar molecular pathways, are linked to common noncoding variants associated with other valve diseases or traits via enhancers in VICs. In addition, certain common noncoding variants impact enhancers with activities highly specific to particular subanatomic structures in the heart, illuminating how such variants can impact specific aspects of heart structure and function. Together, these results implicate new enhancers, genes, and cell types in the genetic etiology of CHD, identify molecular convergence of common noncoding and rare coding variants on VICs, and suggest a more expansive view of the cell types instrumental in genetic risk for CHD, beyond the working cardiomyocyte. This regulatory map of the human fetal heart will provide a foundational resource for understanding cardiac development, interpreting genetic variants associated with heart disease, and discovering targets for cell-type specific therapies.
Possibility of Using the Attention Mechanism in Multimodal Recognition of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, 450005, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation, Bogdanov M. R. , Shakhmametova G. R. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, 450005, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation, Oskin N. N. ,   Siberian Telemetry Company, Penza, 440000, Penza Branch, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

The paper is about studying the possibility of using the attention mechanism in diagnosing various cardiovascular diseases. Biomedical data were presented in different modalities (text, images, and time series). A comparison of the efficiency of 5 transformers based on the attention mechanism (Dosovitsky transformer, compact convolutional trans­former, transformer with external attention, transformer based on tokenization with patch shift and local self-attention, transformer based on multiple deep attention) was carried out with the Exception convolutional neural network, three fully connected neural networks (MLP-Mixer, Fnet, and gMLP), and the YOLO architecture on the problem of multi-class classification (16 classes of dangerous arrhythmias). High efficiency of transformers in diagnosing cardiac diseases was shown. The transformer based on tokenization with patch shift and local self-attention showed the greatest efficiency.
Technology of Artificial Data Generation for Neural Network Training (using the Example of Quality Control of Laminate Production)
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation, Zaripov A. V. , Kulshin R. S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation, Sidorov A. A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the results of a study on artificial data generation methods for computer vision tasks in the operation of conveyor-type technological lines. It identifies the problematic issues of high cost and low efficiency of traditional data collection methods such as video recording and manual markup. A generalized model of synthetic data generation using game engines and 3D modeling is proposed as a solution to these problems. The model was experimentally tested in the context of the laminate coating determination process. Synthetic data allowed the YOLOv8 neural network to be trained with high accuracy, achieving an mAP50 of 0.95. The results indicate that synthetic data can be used to improve the quality of models and optimize learning processes for neural networks in situations where real datasets are limited.
Keeping Faith: Faith-Based Organizations as Urban Migration Infrastructures for Illegalized Migrants in Rotterdam
Authors: Vasileiadi Carola , Swerts Thomas
Published: November 2024

In recent years, scholarship on arrival infrastructures has refocused attention to the importance of the local level as the main site where the social in- and exclusion of newcomers is negotiated. However, this focus on newcomers has relatively overlooked the plight of long-term residents like illegalized migrants (IMs) who are “stranded” or “stuck” in their cities of residence. Faith-based organizations (FBOs) have historically functioned as sanctuaries that provide services and resources to IMs. Based on ethnographic research at the Pauluskerk in Rotterdam, we argue that the processes whereby FBOs are able to negotiate and contest the in- and exclusion of IMs in hostile environments can better be grasped by conceptualizing them as “urban migration infrastructures.” By introducing this term, we open up the debate about the relative orientation of migration infrastructures beyond arrival and emphasize their relational and spatial embeddedness within broader “infrastructural fields.” On the one hand, our analysis demonstrates that FBOs mediate access to material resources via providing shelter, healthcare and possibilities for volunteering. On the other hand, we show that FBOs provide immaterial resources by stimulating a sense of belonging, assisting IMs legally and engaging in political advocacy. Extending the lessons learned from this case study, we argue that FBOs need to constantly navigate the symbolic space between in/formality when engaging in infrastructuring work towards IMs. Our findings simultaneously indicate that the unique role that FBOs play as “safe havens” in hostile political environments comes under pressure as local governments incorporate their efforts into local reception policies.
Proliferative-apoptotic features of rat colon epithelium after electron irradiation
Authors: Saakian Susanna V. , Mimuni Alexandr F. , Karakayeva Elza B.-G. , Gotovtsev Konstantin K. , Demyashkin Grigory A
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: One of the promising types of radiation therapy for colon malignant neoplasms is electron irradiation.
AIM: Morphological assessment of apoptosis and proliferation of animals’ colon epithelium after local fractional irradiation with electrons in a total focal dose of 25 Gy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Wistar rats were used, which were divided into two groups: the first — control (n=10); the second — experimental (n=20). Animals of the experimental group were subjected to local fractional irradiation with electrons in a total focal dose of 25 Gy (in fractions of 5 Gy on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th day of irradiation). Fragments of the colon were examined by light microscopy, immunohistochemical reactions were carried out with antibodies to Ki-67 and Cas3. The wall thickness and the diameter of the serous-mucous membrane were measured and calculated in micrometers. Morphological changes were evaluated in points. The results were assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test and Fisher's test.
RESULTS: Macroscopic examination of the colon of rats in the experimental group revealed hyperemia of the mucous membrane without significant destructive changes. Microscopic examination revealed minor damage to the mucous membrane of the colon compared to the control group, a reduction in goblet cells (63.17±1.87% versus 21.64±1.37%, p=0.009) was noted. The number of caspase-3-positive epithelial cells increased (28.7±8.2% versus 14.5±3.9%, p=0.027). The proliferative index (Ki-67) in the intestinal crypts of the colon after local electron irradiation with a total focal dose of 25 Gy was reduced compared to the control group (11.14±6.23% versus 19.45±5.12%, p=0.013).
CONCLUSION: With local fractional electron irradiation of rats in a total focal dose of 25 Gy, weak degenerative and dystrophic changes in the epithelium, reduction of goblet cells with preservation of regenerative potential occur in the colon.
Differential expression of the SLC34A2 gene in different histological subtypes of ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Nurgalieva Alsina K. , Fetisov Timur I. , Kuzin Konstantin A. , Shakirova Elmira Zh. , Kiyamova Ramziya G.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Patients with ovarian carcinoma demonstrate different sensitivity to chemotherapy; therefore, to increase the effectiveness of treatment, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of each patient's tumor, including the histological subtype.
AIM: To search for new molecular markers of ovarian cancer by analyzing the expression of candidate genes, including BAX, SLC34A2, MUC16, CD300A, and XKR8, in ovarian carcinomas of different histological subtypes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of the expression of the BAX, SLC34A2, MUC16, CD300A, and XKR8 genes in 33 carcinomas taking into account their histological subtypes was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tumor samples from patients with ovarian carcinoma were obtained from the Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology (Moscow) and the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary (Kazan) and divided into groups by histological subtypes: serous of high (n=16) and low (n=6) grade malignancy, endometrioid (n=8) and mucinous (n=3). Additional analysis was performed using microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus open database to determine the expression of selected candidate genes in ovarian carcinomas of different histological subtypes. The dataset included 4 normal ovary samples and 95 ovarian carcinoma samples of different histological subtypes: serous (n=41), endometrioid (n=37), and mucinous (n=13). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Prism software. Nonparametric Dunn's test was used to compare gene expression in several patient groups.
RESULTS: The expression level of the SLC34A2 gene was increased in low-grade serous carcinomas (p=0.0257) compared to mucinous carcinomas. Using bioinformatics analysis, we found increased expression of the SLC34A2 gene in serous (p=0.0023) and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas (p=0.0355) compared to normal ovarian tissues.
CONCLUSION: The SLC34A2 gene can be considered as a potential molecular marker for differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer histological subtypes and a target for therapy of patients with low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.
On Algorithmically Determined Versus Traditional Macroseismic Intensity Assignments
Authors: Hough Susan E.
Published: November 2024

The utility of macroseismic data, defined as the effects of earthquakes on humans and the built environment, has been increasingly recognized following the advent of online systems that now produce unprecedented volumes of macroseismic intensity information. Contributed reports from the U.S. Geological Survey “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) system (Wald et al., 1999) are used to generate intensity values with an algorithm based on seminal work by Dengler and Dewey (1998). The algorithm was developed initially to reproduce intensity values assigned by expert opinion using questionnaire results collected by telephone survey. In this article, I discuss reasons why intensity values from (self-selected) DYFI responses can differ from values that would be assigned by expert opinion given more complete data from randomly selected participants. For example, with the data used by Dengler and Dewey (1998), intensities near 4 could be determined from the percentage of people who felt shaking in each town. With less spatially rich data from self-selected participants, this percentage often cannot be determined reliably. Audible noises are key additional diagnostic criteria for modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) 4, but, although the DYFI system includes a question about noise, following Dengler and Dewey (1998), the DYFI algorithm does not include a noise indicator. At the upper end of the scale, as defined the DYFI algorithm yields a maximum intensity value of 9.05, nominally corresponding to peak ground acceleration of 75%g. These and other factors can result in DYFI values that are low compared to traditional MMI values assigned using expert opinion, even absent factors that can bias traditional MMI assignments. Modern ground-motion intensity conversion equations determined using DYFI intensities are expected to be appropriate for DYFI intensities, but the results of this study suggest that biases may be introduced if DYFI and traditional intensities are assumed to be interchangeable.
Мезотелиома редких локализаций. Лучшее по материалам конференции iMig2023
Authors: Барболина Т. Д.
Published: November 2024

Редкость заболевания, трудности диагностики и стадирования мезотелиомы брюшины и влагалищной оболочки яичка оказывают влияние на формирование единого мнения в лечении этого заболевания. Пеметрексед остается наилучшим препаратом как для системной, так и для внутрибрюшинной химиотерапии. В данной статье коротко представлена наиболее интересная информация по лечению мезотелиомы редких локализаций, доложенная на конференции IMig2023 во Франции.
Консенсус по лечению больных псевдомиксомой брюшины
Authors: Калинин А. Е. , Гущин В. , Доманский А. А. , Кузнецова О. А. , Шаленков В. А. , Абудеев С. А. , Козлов Н. А. , Колышкин В. А. , Привалов А. В. , Рыбаков Е. Г. , Абгарян М. Г. , Сушков О. И.
Published: November 2024

Введение: Лечение больных псевдомиксомой брюшины — одна из сложных и нерешенных проблем в онкологии. В отечественной медицинской литературе тема псевдомиксомы брюшины представлена единичными разрозненными публикациями. В основных зарубежных национальных клинических руководствах данная тема также не освещена. Основными документами, определяющими подходы к лечению псевдомиксомы брюшины, являются национальные консенсусы. Настоящий Консенсус является первой попыткой предложить стандартизованные подходы к проблеме псевдомиксомы брюшины в России.

Методы: Настоящий Консенсус принят на основании анализа литературных данных, анализа известных зарубежных консенсусов, а также в результате серии обсуждений с участием специалистов, имеющих значительный личный опыт в диагностике и лечении псевдомиксомы брюшины.

Результаты: Итоговый документ Консенсуса представлен в формате расширенных клинических рекомендаций, освещающих все аспекты данной патологии — эпидемиологию, патогенез, классификацию, клиническую картину, диагностику, и возможные варианты лечения, наблюдение после лечения и организационные вопросы.

Заключение: Настоящий Консенсус создан с целью предложить практикующим врачам оптимальную стратегию лечения псевдомиксомы брюшины, а также информировать врачей (как онкологов, так и общего профиля) об особенностях данной редкой патологии.
Поздние осложнения противоопухолевой терапии. Фертильность. Решение проблемы
Authors: Шеремет М. Ю. , Протасова А. Э.
Published: November 2024

Цель исследования: Анализ публикаций о существующих методах сохранения фертильности у пациентов репродуктивного возраста, перед проведением гонадотоксичной противоопухолевой терапии.

Материал и методы: Обзор статей, опубликованных в зарубежной и отечественной литературе за последние 10 лет.

Результаты: Проблема сохранения фертильности становится более актуальной с каждым годом. На сегодняшний день все чаще поднимается вопрос не только о проведении наиболее эффективного лечения онкологических заболеваний, но и о последующем качестве жизни таких пациентов. Возрастает необходимость развития методов преодоления бесплодия и их интеграцию в оказание помощи онкологическим пациентам. В данном обзоре освещены основные методы сохранения фертильности, их преимущества и недостатки, а также их место в клинической практике.

Заключение: Совершенствование вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий, информирование пациентов репродуктивного возраста врачом-онкологом о возможности сохранения биологического материала перед началом противоопухолевой терапии, разработка эффективных стратегий сохранения фертильности являются ключевыми звеньями в комплексном лечении онкологических больных.
Профессиональная психологическая подготовка врачей-онкологов: мастер-класс
Authors: Чулкова В. А. , Пестерева Е. В. , Ткаченко Г. А.
Published: November 2024

В рамках Российского онкологического конгресса проводились мастер-классы, общая цель которых — повышение профессиональной психологической подготовки врача-онколога.

В 2021 году мастер-класс «Как говорить с больным и его родственниками или основные положения общения врача с онкологическим пациентом и его родственниками» знакомил врачей с основными положениями общения врача с онкологическими пациентом и его родственниками: затрагивались вопросы смысла общения врача с пациентом, обсуждались составные части взаимодействия врача-онколога с больным и его родственниками, а также обращалось внимание на адекватное информирование больного и коммуникативные навыки врача при взаимодействии.

При проведении мастер-класса использовались мини-лекции и обсуждались примеры из практики.

В 2022 году мастер класс «Профессиональная позиция и коммуникативные навыки врача-онколога» был ориентирован на обсуждение с врачами особенностей профессионального взаимодействия с пациентами: рассмотрены вопросы профессиональной и непрофессиональной позиции врача-онколога, обсуждались какие личные потребности реализует врач в процессе взаимодействия с пациентом и как это противоречит его профессиональной позиции. Наряду с мини-лекциями и обсуждением примеров из практики, использовались ролевые игры. Результатом обсуждения явилось осознание и понимание врачами, что для эффективного взаимодействия с пациентами владеть только коммуникативными техниками недостаточно.

В 2023 году на мастер-классе «Эмпатия в работе врача-онколога» обсуждалось значение коммуникативного навыка эмпатии в профессиональном взаимодействии врача с онкологическими пациентами: определение эмпатии, необходимость ее в работе врача-онколога, каким образом проявляется эмпатия в вербальном и невербальном поведении, является ли эмпатия врожденным качеством или навыком, которому можно обучиться, связь эмпатии с эмоциональным интеллектом и существует ли связь эмпатии с эмоциональным выгоранием. В ролевых играх были продемонстрированы реальные клинические случаи эффективного и неэффективного взаимодействия врача и пациента, в основе которого лежало присутствие или отсутствие эмпатии.
Expert consensus on the multifaceted utility of alginates in addressing diverse manifestations of acid reflux
Authors: Palaniswamy K. R.
Published: November 2024

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most frequent reasons for seeking outpatient gastroenterology consultations. Current professional guidelines advocate the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as the primary medical approach to manage GERD. However, PPIs may not be as effective, especially for certain patients like those with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). An alternative strategy for addressing symptomatic GERD involves obstructing the flow of acidic refluxate. Alginate-based pharmaceutical formulations have proven effective in alleviating symptoms of acid reflux for many years and provide rapid relief of symptoms with a long duration of action. Alginic acid derivatives, or alginates, combat acid reflux through a unique mechanism: they create a physical barrier that displaces the post-prandial acid pocket. Alginates have recently garnered renewed interest for promoting symptomatic relief especially when employed alongside antacids or PPIs. Here, the role of alginates is reviewed in the treatment of various profiles of acid reflux, including post-prandial acid reflux, nocturnal GERD, refractory GERD, and GERD during pregnancy, along with the opinion of expert gastroenterologists on the same. The experts believed that not all alginate formulations are equivalent and raft strength is the most important physicochemical property to be considered while selecting the alginate-based product. The physicochemical properties of the rafts eventually impact their effectiveness in relieving symptoms in clinical settings.
Corporate social responsibility as an integral component of Russian business
Authors: Zavodchikova Tamara B.
Published: November 2024

Socially responsible behavior of domestic business in the context of the instability of the current socio-economic situation is a decisive factor in its competitiveness. This necessitates the development of corporate social responsibility as an effective tool for the implementation of economically, socially and environmentally responsible activities of companies for sustainable development. The problems of formation and improvement of corporate social responsibility are the subject of analysis of numerous scientific and practical studies. Of particular relevance is the study of the modern paradigm of the development of corporate social responsibility. The purpose of the article is to analyze corporate social responsibility as an integral component of modern business. The implementation of this goal involves solving problems related to the identification of criteria for conceptual approaches to the definition of corporate social responsibility, consideration of its essence within the framework of the presented concepts, as well as the features of its transformation in the context of digitalization of the economy. In the course of the study, the author uses the system method, methods of deduction, induction, analysis, synthesis, generalization of theoretical material and factual data reflecting the practical experience of the development of corporate social responsibility of Russian business. Based on the definition of criteria of conceptual approaches to the consideration of the essence of corporate social responsibility, it is concluded that there is a need for an integrated approach to the analysis of this category on the basis of a single integral system of selected criteria in their interconnection and interdependence. The study of corporate social responsibility as an integral part of modern business made it possible to identify the key aspects of interaction between stakeholders, taking into account changes in their values under the influence of global and national factors.
Pricing factors of cryptocurrencies
Authors: Shkanov Bulat A.
Published: November 2024

In recent years, cryptocurrencies have become a significant element of the modern economy, attracting the attention of investors, regulators, and researchers. Despite substantial progress in understanding the factors influencing cryptocurrency pricing, many aspects remain insufficiently studied. This article provides an overview of traditional factors such as fundamental, macroeconomic, financial, behavioral, and infrastructural ones, and introduces two new groups of factors: socio-economic and market manipulators. Socioeconomic factors represent a wide range of influences determined by the state of society and the economy, significantly impacting cryptocurrency pricing. Market manipulators, on the other hand, encompass methods such as pump-and-dump schemes, insider trading, and manipulations using stablecoins, which lead to substantial price fluctuations in cryptocurrencies. The review of existing traditional factors in combination with new ones allows for a more comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of cryptocurrency pricing. The introduction of these new groups of factors underscores the need for further research to gain a fuller understanding of the pricing mechanisms in the cryptocurrency market and to develop risk management strategies. This work provides a review of existing studies and highlights gaps that require researchers’ attention.
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Fetša Tlala Initiative on the Food and Nutrition Security of Women Smallholder Farmers in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors:   University of Limpopo, Tefu KM , Moyo T ,   University of Limpopo, Burman CJ ,   University of Limpopo
Published: November 2024

The Fetša Tlala Initiative is one of the development projects which were designed to contribute towards the achievement of the South African National Development Plan, 2030. The objective of the research was to analyse the effectiveness of the Fetša Tlala Initiative on the food and nutrition security of women smallholder farmers residing in Semaneng village, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The reason for focusing on women smallholder farmers was that whilst there has been research undertaken on the effectiveness of the Fetša Tlala Initiative, there has not been a study that focuses exclusively on women’s perspectives about the Initiative. The study, thus, sought to break exploratory ground about the effectiveness of the Fetša Tlala Initiative from the viewpoint of women smallholder farmers. The study, thus, adopted a qualitative research design in the form of an exploratory case study. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide from 16 participants who were purposefully selected. Face-to-face interviews were conducted and then reflected upon using an inductive thematic analysis. Results of the research indicated that the food security initiative had mixed results. On the positive side, and consistent with one objective of the broader Fetša Tlala Initiative, agricultural inputs increased amongst the women smallholder farmers, which assisted them to boost their yields and improve household food security. The Initiative also empowered the women smallholder farmers by strengthening their collective resilience in the face of adversities they encountered during the project. Notwithstanding these successes, the research findings also indicate that the effectiveness of the Initiative was reduced because of the inconsistent institutional support provided by the appointed Fetša Tlala Initiative project managers. The inconsistent institutional support represented a top-down planning and management strategy premised upon a centralised decision-making model. As a consequence of this style of planning and management, the beneficiaries could only respond by building localised resilience to the challenges. Such agency from the beneficiaries suggests that future Fetša Tlala projects might benefit from a decentralised decision-making planning and management strategy, that is inclusive of the project beneficiaries from the outset. The paper recommends continuation of the Fetša Tlala Initiative with emphasis on transforming the institutional support so that future beneficiaries are included in decision making processes from the inception phases through to completion of projects. Key words: Community resilience, Empowerment, Household food security, Resource constraints, Rural development
Fraudulent Food Products Outbreak in South Africa: a Conundrum for Food Control Authorities
Authors:   Tshwane University of Technology, Nkosi DV
Published: November 2024

The concept of food fraud or food adulteration has become increasingly important in recent years, as it not only serves as a means for perpetrators to make quick money but also poses significant risks to consumer health. This threat is often fuelled by the use of unmonitored or unregulated ingredients. The rise in food fraud can be attributed to various factors, including the demand for specific food products, inadequate monitoring of food production, poor border management for food control, and the opportunities presented by free trade and entrepreneurship. To gain insights into the extent of food fraud, a review of reported cases from 2015 to 2024 was conducted, focusing on well-known cases in South Africa during this period. The review also examined the products typically implicated in food fraud, and identified the responsible authorities tasked with regulating the manufacturing, handling, and distribution of these products in South Africa. The findings indicate that food fraud is on the rise, with fraudsters becoming increasingly adept at concealing the illegitimacy of their products. While food adulteration may involve the use of uncertified ingredients, the most fraudulent activities occur in uncertified facilities and during processing steps. One of the challenges in controlling food fraud is the fragmentation of regulations and responsible authorities for enforcing these regulations. Over 94% of regulatory requirements identified in six regulatory authorities were found to be duplicated in some way, resulting in an unclear mandate for the industry. To address this issue, a new approach is needed to centralize food control plans in South Africa. This approach should facilitate proper recording, investigation, and resolution of complaints. Additionally, unified regulations, capacity building for authorities, and consumer awareness plans are necessary. A similar approach to the blitz inspection by bringing together food authorities, consumers, and the industry in a single forum to conduct inspection and enforcement and act against food fraud. While this is a good proactive response, however, keeping its momentum could not always be available. Key words: Foods fraud, regulations, illegal, adulteration, food, facilities, food control, fragmentation
Development and Sensory Profiling of Flavored Tilanggit (Dried, Split, and Salted Juvenile Tilapia)
Authors:   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Magoncia SJV , Bucay DM ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Castillo RF ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Estolloso LL ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Oco DMC ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Palmes KA ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Suazo MLE ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan, Coronado WA ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan
Published: November 2024

With the increase in tilapia farming there are opportunities to explore value-added tilapia products. This study aimed to develop flavored varieties of dried, split, and salted juvenile tilapia, commonly known as "tilanggit," given the staple consumption of dried fish in places like Africa and Asia. Freshly harvested juvenile Nile tilapia fish were gutted, cleaned, deboned, brined, marinated, and dried. Four flavor formulations were developed: no flavor (NF), honey-calamansi (HC), garlic (G), and hot and spicy (HS). Each flavor formulation's sensory attributes, including appearance, aroma, taste, and texture, were assessed using a 5-point Likert scale, where 1 represented "disliked a lot" and 5 represented "liked a lot", with samples being deep-fried in an individual vat of vegetable oil for ~5-10 sec at 150°C. A total of 40 consenting female participants from 19 to 63 years old, from low and middle-income homes who purchase and consume dried fish, were medically screened and used to evaluate the sensory attributes of the flavored dried tilanggit products. The results showed that the G formulation was rated as having the best appearance, aroma, and taste, followed by the NF sample which suggested that the addition of garlic to dried tilanggit significantly enhanced several important sensory attributes. In terms of texture, the NF sample was rated the highest, followed by the G sample. The results indicate statistically significant differences among these four treatments in terms of appearance, taste and texture, (p<0.05) using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Therefore, it is recommended that garlic be used as a flavor for dried tilanggit products however, honey-calamansi and hot and spicy be improved so they, too, can be used to flavor dried tilanggit to better suit the preferences of different consumers and offer additional choices in the marketplace. Moreover, a sensory evaluation with region-wide and more diversified participants is recommended to assess broader market viability. These results provide insights for tilapia farmers and processors seeking to diversify their product offerings to cater to consumer preferences for flavored dried fish products. Key words: Flavored tilanggit, tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fish drying, dried salted fish, tuyông isda