bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Восстановление Тайгинского железнодорожного узла в 1920-1921 гг.
Authors: Морозов Николай Михайлович
Published: June 2019

Рассматривается проблема восстановления в 1920-1921 гг. Тайгинского железнодорожного узла, обслуживавшего весь кузбасский участок Транссибирской магистрали. После Гражданской войны железнодорожное хозяйство оказалось в полуразрушенном состоянии. В первые месяцы из ремонта выходило лишь несколько паровозов, в отдельные сутки Томская дорога не отправляла ни одного состава, движение грузов почти прекратилось. Рассмотрены основные мероприятия по восстановлению железнодорожного хозяйства узла, его паровозного парка и подвижного состава. В течение 1920 г. трудовому подъему транспортников способствовали регулярные субботники, воскресники, ударные недели, чествование передовиков, принудительное возвращение ранее ушедших специалистов, благоприятная морально-политическая атмосфера среди большей части рабочих, питавших надежду на коммунистические преобразования и вместе с ними на социальное равенство и материальное благополучие. В 1921 г. накал трудового энтузиазма снизился. Процесс восстановления узла существенно тормозили трудности, связанные с завершением Гражданской войны, голод, крайний износ паровозного парка, дефицит кадров, материалов и оборудования, случаи вредительства, низкий уровень трудовой и производственной дисциплины работников.
Исторический опыт использования государствами «мягкой силы»: к итогам дискуссий
Authors: Чернышов Юрий Георгиевич
Published: June 2019

Рассматриваются итоги проведенных в 2017-2018 гг. на конференциях Алтайской школы политических исследований дискуссий о «мягкой силе». Характеризуются отдельные исследования по историческому опыту использования политики «мягкой силы». Особое внимание уделяется вопросу о том, насколько оправданы попытки применения к отдаленным историческим эпохам теории, сформулированной Джозефом Наем в конце XX в. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что данная концепция изначально не отличалась четкостью, а последующие интерпретации еще более размыли ее смысл. Это проявилось, в частности, в попытках найти в далеких исторических эпохах примеры использования и теоретического обоснования «мягкой силы». При этом «мягкую силу» нередко сводят к таким давно известным явлениям, как «гибкая политика», «культурное влияние» и «пропаганда». Но «мягкая сила» им далеко не идентична. Если говорить об «узком» понимании «мягкой силы», то она является феноменом, концептуально оформившимся лишь к концу XX в. Этот феномен отражает специфику именно данного этапа развития человеческой цивилизации: накопление на планете огромных запасов оружия массового поражения, глобализация и новые информационные технологии, возросшая роль негосударственных акторов международных отношений и т.д. Учитывая это, можно говорить об отдельных проявлениях политики «мягкой силы» в далеких исторических эпохах, однако в «узком» смысле концепцию «мягкой силы» уместнее применять к реалиям новейшей истории.
Public Health Experts, Expertise, and Ebola: A Relational Theory of Ethos
Authors: Condit Celeste M.
Published: June 2019

The key public health officials in the United States have been criticized for their work in the Ebola outbreak of 2014–15 by citizens, public officials, and health scholars from multiple disciplines. There are numerous grounds for these complaints, but underlying many of them was the perception of “failed leadership” that is here traced in substantial part to the embodiment of a positionality based in a presumed logos-based power instead of an ethos-based relationship between public health expert and public. Because any leader’s public ethos is dependent on the cultural ethos of audiences who promote them to leadership, this essay combines the Aristotelian topoi for ethos (goodsense, goodwill, goodness) and contemporary redefinitions of ethos as cultural-level phenomena (either “dwelling places,” ideologies, or ethical and cultural codes) to conceptualize ethos as the activation, rebuilding, or maintenance of relationships among different social positions: publics and institutions. The complexities of the Ebola epidemic—with its national and international dimensions and its partially faulty scientific grounding—make visible the predisposition toward positional gaps between publics and public experts regarding interests (eunoia) and goods (arête), with concomitant difficulties for the sharing of practical wisdom (phronesis). Aristotle was correct that such gaps cannot be bridged by logos, and the pervasive insistence on more logos as corrective therefore may contribute to public mistrust of all expertise.
The EU’s dual-use export control and human rights risks: the case of cyber surveillance technology
Authors: Kanetake Machiko
Published: June 2019

Export of cyber technology can undermine human rights in countries of destination. In the aftermath of the Arab Spring, political controversies have arisen around EU-exported cyber surveillance technology, which allegedly helped autocratic states monitor and arrest dissidents. While cyber technology is indispensable to our lives, it can be used to suppress the right to privacy, the freedom of expression and the freedom of association, not only in the EU, but also in the countries it trades with. The EU has taken a proactive role in reforming the export of human rights-sensitive cyber technology. In September 2016 the European Commission proposed the integration of human rights due diligence in the process of export control. The Commission’s proposal, however, invited strong contestations both from industry and Member States. Essentially, dual-use export control has developed in order to mitigate military risks. Attempts to integrate human rights risks in export control have thus invited discomfort among stakeholders. This paper unpacks normative tensions arising from the EU’s attempts to integrate human rights risks in its export control regimes. By so doing, the paper highlights fundamental tensions embedded in the EU’s value-based Common Commercial Policy, of which dual-use export control forms an integral part.
The use of confocal microscopy in experimental studies and clinical practice of an endocrinologist: modern opportunities
Authors: Mokrysheva Natalya G. , Kiselev Sergey L. , Klementieva Natalia V. , Gorbacheva Anna M. , Dedov Ivan I.
Published: June 2019

Confocal microscopy is a modern imaging method that provides ample opportunities for in vitro and in vivo research. The clinical part of the review focuses on well-established techniques, such as corneal confocal microscopy for the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy or endocrine ophthalmopathy; new methods are briefly described (intraoperative evaluation of tissues obtained by removing pituitary adenomas, thyroid and parathyroid glands). In the part devoted to fundamental research, the use of confocal microscopy to characterize the colocalization of proteins, as well as three-dimensional intracellular structures and signaling pathways in vivo, is considered. Indicators of intracellular calcium are analyzed.
O sertão e as mulheres n'O Quinze de Rachel de Queiroz
Authors: Silva Régia Agostinho da
Published: June 2019

A pretensão deste artigo é discutir as representações do sertão e das mulheres no romance O Quinze, de Rachel de Queiroz. Partindo do conceito de representação de Roger Chartier e da história cultural, procura-se compreender as discussões que Rachel de Queiroz construiu em seu romance, pensando a natureza e as mulheres como personagens ambíguos, entre permanências e rupturas, tradições e modernidades. A natureza pensada como espaço bucólico e de força revitalizadora e, também, como espaço de atraso e primitivismo. As mulheres como vanguardistas e determinadas, mas ainda presas aos pensamentos machistas e misóginos que as cercavam.
Era do avanço técnico-científico e redução da carga horária nas faculdades de Odontologia: quais as perspectivas na formação do acadêmico?
Authors: Vivan Rodrigo Ricci , Duarte Marco Antonio Hungaro
Published: June 2019

"As faculdades de Odontologia são responsáveis por educar, treinar e preparar — cientificamente, clinicamente e humanisticamente — os estudantes para atuarem de forma segura e responsável como cirurgiões-dentistas. Nas últimas duas décadas, muitos instrumentos e materiais foram desenvolvidos, atuando como facilitadores para o tratamento endodôntico. As mudanças foram drásticas e resultaram em uma base de conhecimento muito grande para o estudante de Odontologia. No entanto, o currículo e o tempo disponível para o ensino da Endodontia não acompanharam esse desenvolvimento. A maioria das escolas dispõe de um tempo reduzido ou currículos integrados para o ensino da especialidade." [...]
O uso do microscópio operatório associado aos novos recursos na microcirurgia parendodôntica moderna
Authors: Camargo Jose Mauricio Paradella de , Braga Tiago , Camargo Rafael Verardino de
Published: June 2019

Introdução: mesmo quando um tratamento endodôntico ou retratamento mais rigoroso é realizado, a periodontite apical pode persistir, levando à destruição do ligamento periodontal, cemento, osso alveolar e dentina. Nesses casos, o tratamento endodôntico cirúrgico, se realizado com o microscópio operatório (MO), ressecção mínima da raiz, retropreparo com pontas ultrassônicas e materiais para retrobturação biocompatíveis, pode alcançar mais de 90% de sucesso. Os procedimentos endodônticos cirúrgicos foram completamente transformados pela incorporação do MO, associado a novos recursos como aparelhos de ultrassom piezocirúrgico com pontas específicas para microcirurgia, microespelhos flexíveis, microexploradores, microcuretas endodônticas, microcondensadores e microinstrumentos para sutura. O MO pode otimizar todas as etapas de uma microcirurgia parendodôntica, incluindo o descolamento do retalho, a osteotomia, identificação do ápice radicular, apicectomia, remoção de tecido inflamatório, observação da superfície remanescente da raiz, retropreparo, obturação retrógrada e sutura. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar todos os passos da microcirurgia parendodôntica moderna e descrever os novos recursos disponíveis no mercado para melhorar a taxa de sucesso dessa modalidade. Conclusão: o uso de técnicas modernas de microcirurgia parendodôntica melhora significativamente as taxas de sucesso da terapia, quando comparada às técnicas tradicionais.
O uso do Endoguide no tratamento de canais calcificados: relatos de casos clínicos
Authors: Oliveira Ana Luisa , Niemeyer Nathalia Lobato , Sales Luanna , Perez Renata , Machado Vinicius , Rodrigues Renata Costa Val
Published: June 2019

Introdução: o tratamento endodôntico em dentes com canais calcificados é extremamente desafiador. Durante o procedimento de localização do canal residual, uma quantidade excessiva de dentina pode ser removida, o que pode implicar em maior risco de fratura do elemento dentário. Somado a isso, a calcificação pulpar é o motivo mais comum de perfuração radicular durante o tratamento endodôntico. Métodos: tendo em vista a importância do desenvolvimento de técnicas seguras e precisas para o tratamento endodôntico de canais parcial ou totalmente calcificados, serão apresentados dois relatos de casos clínicos conduzidos segundo uma estratégia terapêutica recentemente descrita na literatura endodôntica. Resultados: o Endoguide tornou mais segura e eficaz a realização do tratamento endodôntico nos dois casos relatados. Conclusão: o guia endodôntico auxiliou na localização do canal radicular calcificado e ajudou a evitar iatrogenias durante sua localização.
The Berlin International Film Festival: A powerful springboard and gatekeeping mechanism for domestic filmmaking
Authors: Wiedemann Thomas , Krainhöfer Tanja C.
Published: June 2019

Film festivals have become key agents in the movie business, with major competitive festivals enjoying outstanding importance. Based on this assumption, this paper focuses on the example of Germany and asks to what extent the Berlin International Film Festival offers a venue for domestic films, and which types of filmmakers, in particular, benefit from this springboard and gatekeeping mechanism. More precisely, given the diverging interests confronting the Berlinale as a platform for the film community, a quantitative program analysis was conducted of the festival’s most significant sections (Competition, Panorama, Forum, Generation, Perspective German Cinema, Lola@Berlinale) from 1980 to 2016. The findings demonstrate that even good-faith efforts to strengthen domestic filmmaking in regard to weight and diversity have hardly changed the power structures that underlie the curatorial decision-making process. Respectively, the share of national film productions has been stagnating for many years. Moreover, female and young filmmakers are still broadly underrepresented.
Instead of the real thing: Six ways to talk about what Hollywood does to European films
Authors: Leitch Thomas
Published: June 2019

This essay reviews five different ways in which commentators have described what Hollywood does in remaking European films which audiences frequently regard as having a uniquely intimate connection with their European subjects: Hollywoodizing, Americanizing, Europeanizing, appropriating, and reframing them. After considering the relations among these terms, the problems raised by each of them, and their respective limitations, it proposes a sixth term, scripting, which it argues is less parochial, invidious, or value-laden than any of the others, and more likely to invite further productive dialogue on the subject of remakes that cross cultural borders.
Random Polygons and Estimations of π
Authors: Xu Wen-Qing , Meng Linlin , Li Yong
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we study the approximation ofπthrough the semiperimeter or area of arandomn-sided polygon inscribed in a unit circle in ℝ2. We show that, with probability 1, the approximation error goes to 0 asn→ ∞, and is roughly sextupled when compared with the classical Archimedean approach of using a regularn-sided polygon. By combining both the semiperimeter and area of these random inscribed polygons, we also construct extrapolation improvements that can significantly speed up the convergence of these approximations.
CA125, YKL-40, HE-4 and Mesothelin: a new serum biomarker combination in discrimination of benign and malign epithelial ovarian tumor
Authors: Deveci Banu , Sert Serdar Belgin , Karabacakoğlu Kemik Pınar , Şimşek Keskin Hatice , Yildirim Nuri , Özdemir Necmettin , Erkmen Tuğba , Koyuncuoğlu Meral , Terek Mustafa Coşan , Saygili Uğur , Koçtürk Semra
Published: June 2019

Objective

Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) score are used for classification of ovarian masses (benign/malign) in preoperative stage. However, their discrimination capacity are considered insufficient, and greatly effected by histological subtype and menopausal status. This study aimed to investigate diagnostic performance of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), Y (tyrosine), K (lysine), and L (leucine)-40 (YKL-40), Mesothelin, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor ß (LyGDI), CA125 or their combinations in discrimination of benign/malign ovarian diseases in preoperative stage.

Materials and methods

The study groups were comprised sera of 31 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), 30 benign ovarian tumor patients, and 32 healthy women. The diagnostic performance of the biomarkers were evaluated based on ROC-AUC values and logistic regression analysis incorporating menopausal status and clinical diagnosis of the subjects.

Results

Our data demonstrates that “CA125-HE4-Mesothelin-YKL-40” had the highest sensitivity at 80%, 90%, 95% specificity 96.8%, 93.6%, 93.6%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study provides the first evidence for the combinational uses of “CA125-HE4-Mesothelin-YKL-40” as a panel in distinguishing malign from benign ovarian tumor, not affected by menopausal status unlike ROMA. However, higher patient number may also provide the evaluation of this panel in malign group in terms of tumor stages.
Prevalence of hypoglycaemia in a random population after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after a meal test
Authors: Emous Marloes , van den Broek Merel , Wijma Ragnhild B , de Heide Loek J M , van Dijk Gertjan , Laskewitz Anke , Totté Erik , Wolffenbuttel Bruce H R , van Beek André P
Published: June 2019

Objective

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective way to induce sustainable weight loss and can be complicated by postprandial hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (PHH). To study the prevalence and the mechanisms behind the occurrence of hypoglycaemia after a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) in patients with primary RYGB.

Design

This is a cross-sectional study of patients 4 years after primary RYGB.

Methods

From a total population of 550 patients, a random sample of 44 patients completed the total test procedures. A standardized mixed meal was used as stimulus. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, every 10 min during the first half hour and every 30 min until 210 min after the start. Symptoms were assessed by questionnaires. Hypoglycaemia is defined as a blood glucose level below 3.3 mmol/L.

Results

The prevalence of postprandial hypoglycaemia was 48% and was asymptomatic in all patients. Development of hypoglycaemia was more frequent in patients with lower weight at surgery (P = 0.045), with higher weight loss after surgery (P = 0.011), and with higher insulin sensitivity calculated by the homeostasis model assessment indexes (HOMA2-IR, P = 0.014) and enhanced beta cell function (insulinogenic index at 20 min, P = 0.001).

Conclusion

In a randomly selected population 4 years after primary RYGB surgery, 48% of patients developed a hypoglycaemic event during an MMTT without symptoms, suggesting the presence of hypoglycaemia unawareness in these patients. The findings in this study suggest that the pathophysiology of PHH is multifactorial.
Familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus in 13 kindreds and 2 novel mutations in the vasopressin gene
Authors: Patti Giuseppa , Scianguetta Saverio , Roberti Domenico , Di Mascio Alberto , Balsamo Antonio , Brugnara Milena , Cappa Marco , Casale Maddalena , Cavarzere Paolo , Cipriani Sarah , Corbetta Sabrina , Gaudino Rossella , Iughetti Lorenzo , Martini Lucia , Napoli Flavia , Peri Alessandro , Salerno Maria Carolina , Salerno Roberto , Passeri Elena , Maghnie Mohamad , Perrotta Silverio , Di Iorgi Natascia
Published: June 2019

Background

Autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (adNDI) is caused by arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency resulting from mutations in the AVP-NPII gene encoding the AVP preprohormone.

Aim

To describe the clinical and molecular features of Italian unrelated families with central diabetes insipidus.

Patients and methods

We analyzed AVP-NPII gene in 13 families in whom diabetes insipidus appeared to be segregating.

Results

Twenty-two patients were found to carry a pathogenic AVP-NPII gene mutation. Two novel c.173 G>C (p.Cys58Ser) and c.215 C>A (p.Ala72Glu) missense mutations and additional eight different mutations previously described were identified; nine were missense and one non-sense mutation. Most mutations (eight out of ten) occurred in the region encoding for the NPII moiety; two mutations were detected in exon 1. No mutations were found in exon 3. Median age of onset was 32.5 months with a variability within the same mutation (3 to 360 months). No clear genotype–phenotype correlation has been observed, except for the c.55 G>A (p.Ala19Thr) mutation, which led to a later onset of disease (median age 120 months). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the absence of posterior pituitary hyperintensity in 8 out of 15 subjects, hypointense signal in 4 and normal signal in 2. Follow-up MRI showed the disappearance of the posterior pituitary hyperintensity after 6 years in one case.

Conclusion

adNDI is a progressive disease with a variable age of onset. Molecular diagnosis and counseling should be provided to avoid unnecessary investigations and to ensure an early and adequate treatment.
Molecular Traits of Long Non-protein Coding RNAs from Diverse Plant Species Show Little Evidence of Phylogenetic Relationships
Authors: Simopoulos Caitlin M A , Weretilnyk Elizabeth A , Golding G Brian
Published: June 2019

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a diverse class of regulatory loci with roles in development and stress responses throughout all kingdoms of life. LncRNAs, however, remain under-studied in plants compared to animal systems. To address this deficiency, we applied a machine learning prediction tool, Classifying RNA by Ensemble Machine learning Algorithm (CREMA), to analyze RNAseq data from 11 plant species chosen to represent a wide range of evolutionary histories. Transcript sequences of all expressed and/or annotated loci from plants grown in unstressed (control) conditions were assembled and input into CREMA for comparative analyses. On average, 6.4% of the plant transcripts were identified by CREMA as encoding lncRNAs. Gene annotation associated with the transcripts showed that up to 99% of all predicted lncRNAs for Solanum tuberosum and Amborella trichopoda were missing from their reference annotations whereas the reference annotation for the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana contains 96% of all predicted lncRNAs for this species. Thus a reliance on reference annotations for use in lncRNA research in less well-studied plants can be impeded by the near absence of annotations associated with these regulatory transcripts. Moreover, our work using phylogenetic signal analyses suggests that molecular traits of plant lncRNAs display different evolutionary patterns than all other transcripts in plants and have molecular traits that do not follow a classic evolutionary pattern. Specifically, GC content was the only tested trait of lncRNAs with consistently significant and high phylogenetic signal, contrary to high signal in all tested molecular traits for the other transcripts in our tested plant species.
Población indígena: inserción, desempeño y estrategias didácticas en los cursos computacionales de la Carrera de Administración de Oficinas, Universidad Nacional-Campus Sarapiquí
Authors: Astorga Aguilar Cristel , Guillén Cordero Norieth
Published: June 2019

El artículo muestra la percepción de los estudiantes indígenas del Campus Sarapiquí de la Universidad Nacional (UNA), sobre su inserción y desempeño en los cursos de aplicaciones computacionales de la carrera de Administración de Oficinas. El estudio realizado evidencia que la falta de conocimiento sobre el uso de la computadora, aunado a la resistencia de estas culturas a la tecnología, hacen que esta población ingrese rezagada a la universidad; por lo que se plantea cómolos antecedentes culturales y académicos de estos estudiantes, influyen en su rendimiento universitario. Además, se comparten estrategias didácticas propiciadas por las docentes de estos cursos, para facilitar el aprendizaje y la adaptación de esta población específica a la Universidad. Por último, se fundamenta la importancia de promover iniciativas que le faciliten al estudiante indígena una inserción exitosa y un rendimiento adecuado para garantizar su continuidad en la Universidad.
Estado del bienestar y justicia distributiva en América Latina. Un análisis crítico
Authors: Hangartner Andreas Christian , Miranda Delgado Rafael Gustavo
Published: June 2019

Una de las principales estrategias para la conservación de la biodiversidad ha sido la creación de áreas protegidas, y algunos autores sostienen que esta medida también traerá beneficios económicos a las comunidades humanas involucradas. Sin embargo, en varios países se ha registrado una coincidencia espacial entre estas áreas y la pobreza. En este trabajo se evaluó si en los distritos de Costa Rica en los que existen áreas más extensas de parques nacionales o reservas biológicas había más pobreza. Para estimar la pobreza en los distritos, se usó el Índice de Desarrollo Social (IDS). Para todo el país, los distritos en los que existen áreas protegidas tenían un IDS más bajo que aquellos en donde no existen. Este resultado también se observó en las regiones de planificación Central y Huetar Caribe; lo contrario ocurrió en la región Huetar Norte. Las diferencias encontradas entre las regiones de planificaciónofrecen oportunidades para nuevas investigaciones.
Valorización turística de paisajes naturales. El caso de Mar del Plata, Argentina
Authors: Aymara Padilla Noelia
Published: June 2019

La ciudad de Mar del Plata concentra el turismo de sol y playa del partido de General Pueyrredon (Argentina). Sin embargo, existen en el territorio otros paisajes naturales de tipo lagunar o serrano, cuya oferta turística aún es débil. El objetivo general de la investigación se centra realizar un diagnóstico de la valorización turística de distintos paisajes. Para ello, se identifican Unidades de Paisaje, su grado de protección ambiental y la presencia y posibilidad de uso turístico. La puesta en valor turístico de otros paisajes, más allá del litoral, puede contribuir a descomprimir la presión sobre las costas y diversificar la oferta turístico-recreativa, reduciendo los problemas de estacionalidad del destino. En virtud de un desarrollo turístico basado en la conservación de estos paisajes, cobran importancia los problemas de accesibilidad,infraestructura y equipamientos, así como el fortalecimiento de la protección ambiental.
Repensando la formación de docentes: oportunidades y desafíos
Authors: Abarca Mora Sonia
Published: June 2019

A partir de un re-pensamiento de la formación de docentes, categorizada como una tarea ininterrumpida, la autora propone una serie de postulados, de particular interés para docentes e investigadores sobre las facultades de Educación. Tales postulados contemplan una nueva visión de los padres de familia y del estudiante como sujetos que, ante todo, son personas provistas de identidad social, genérica, familiar y cultural, quienes actúan con plena conciencia de sus habilidades, insuficiencias, tareas y responsabilidades. Son seres capaces de aprender de múltiples formas de acceder al gran desarrollo científico y tecnológico.Se piensa en un educador constantemente actualizado en su campo de estudio, con necesidad de establecer rupturas epistémicas, curriculares y metodológicas, inmerso en una universidad convertida en laboratorio para la elaboración del pensamiento y la acción.
ERRATUM - revista Letras de Hoje edição v. 53, n. 4 (2018) - ID 33010 e ID 33161
Authors: Da revista Letras de Hoje Equipe Editorial
Published: June 2019

A Equipe Editorial da revista Letras de Hoje torna publica as seguintes alteração e substituição, na edição v. 53, n. 4 (2018), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2018.4Inclusão do nome do organizador - Leonardo Tonus no artigo - O contemporâneo é uma praça de guerra, ID 33010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2018.4.33010 e no artigo Contemporaneity is a war zone, ID 33161. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2018.4.33161
O particular e o universal na poética de Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Authors: Soares José Wellington Dias
Published: June 2019

Nosso objetivo é analisar os elementos poéticos de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, como enriquecedores da vida humana nos seus aspectos singulares, particulares e universais. Essas categorias serão trabalhadas a partir da visão teórica de Georg Lukács, sobretudo, no primeiro volume da Estética I e em Marxismo e teoria da literatura. Pensamos haver uma forte intenção do poeta de concentrar a sua poética, ou seja, os métodos e motivos literários no seu livro intitulado Corpo. Esse livro, nesse sentido, é a sua última tentativa, ao lado de Farewell, de construir uma obra, cujos poemas são, ao mesmo tempo, coesos e aparentemente sem nexos, portanto, dialéticos, que abarquem toda a preocupação de fundir temas universais e particulares (filosófico-existenciais, sociais, amorosos) e o fazer literário (singularidade). Corpo é, propositadamente, a síntese da obra poética de Drummond de Andrade. Para desenvolver o nosso estudo acerca da poesia drummoniana, partiremos de dois pontos. Em primeiro lugar, consultaremos a sua fortuna crítica, tendo como centro da pesquisa bibliográfica o livro O amor e outros aspectos em Drummond, do professor e poeta Linhares Filho; o texto “Inquietudes na poesia de Drummond”, de Antonio Candido (Vários escritos); e a obra de crítica e interpretação de Affonso Romano de Sant’Anna, intitulada Drummond, o gauche no tempo. O segundo momento é a análise dos poemas de Corpo, fazendo um estudo intratextual com outras obras do poeta mineiro.
La biografía como modulación de la crítica en Lília Moritz Schwarcz
Authors: Croce Marcela
Published: June 2019

Lília Moritz Schwarcz (São Paulo, 1957) es tal vez la figura femenina más destacada en la producción intelectual brasileña, dentro y fuera de su país. Brasil. Uma biografia, publicado en 2015 y vertido al español al año siguiente, es un ejemplo específico de su difusión latinoamericana. La preocupación por la biografía retorna en Lima Barreto. Triste visionário (2017). La reconstrucción de la vida del escritor carioca registra varias particularidades que implican una renovación del género para la crítica literaria. La propuesta de Schwarcz apunta a encarar la biografía como como una literaturización de la vida del biografiado y un autoexamen de la propia labor autoral. El desarrollo de la biografía como método crítico, a la vez que como hoja de ruta de la propia carrera, exige una evaluación del sujeto crítico que funda una tendencia al tiempo que cumple una tarea de introspección personal y profesional.  *** A biografia como modulação da crítica em Lília Moritz Schwarcz ***Lília Moritz Schwarcz (São Paulo, 1957) é talvez a mais destacada figura feminina na produção intelectual brasileira, dentro e fora de seu país. Brasil Uma biografia, publicada em 2015 e traducida ao espanhol no ano seguinte, é um exemplo específico de sua difusão na América Latina. A preocupação pela biografia retorna em Lima Barreto. Triste visionário (2017). A reconstrução da vida do escritor carioca registra várias particularidades que implicam uma renovação do gênero para a crítica literária. A proposta de Schwarcz visa abordar a biografia como uma literaturização da vida do biografiado e um auto-exame do próprio trabalho. O desenvolvimento da biografia como método crítico, bem como um roteiro da própria carreira, requer uma avaliação do sujeito crítico que funda uma tendência enquanto cumpre uma tarefa de introspecção pessoal e profissional.Palavras-chave: Biografia. Autobiografia. Construção intelectual. Método introspectivo.
A poesia e o sagrado em Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen e Cecília Meireles
Authors: Barbosa Márcia Helena Saldanha
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho analisa as relações entre poesia e sagrado nas obras poéticas de Sophia de M. B. Andresen e de Cecília Meireles, comparando as abordagens de que essa questão é objeto nos versos de ambas as autoras. Para estudar essas relações, recorre-se à crítica temática de base francesa, em especial às teses de Michel Collot que apontam para o fato de que poesia e sagrado apresentam uma estrutura semelhante, que os aproxima. É essa semelhança que propicia a convergência de tais elementos quando ambos são tomados como referente poético na obra da escritora brasileira e, também, na obra da autora portuguesa que foi sua leitora confessa.
Chemometrically assisted RP-HPLC method development for efficient separation of ivabradine and its eleven impurities
Authors: Tomić Jovana , Ivković Branka , Oljačić Slavica , Nikolić Katarina , Maljurić Nevena , Protić Ana , Agbaba Danica
Published: June 2019

The aim of this study was to develop a novel reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for efficient separation of ivabradine and its 11 impurities. Similar polarity of impurities in the sample mixture made method optimization challenging and accomplishable only when different chemometric tools, such as principal component analysis (PCA), Box–Behnken design (BBD), and desirability function as a multicriteria approach, were employed. The presence of 3 positional isomers (impurities III, V, and VI), keto–enol tautomerism of impurity VII, and diastereoisomers of impurity X made separation of this complex mixture even more challenging. Chromatographic retention parameters obtained with the mobile phase consisting of 30 mM phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) on four different RP-HPLC columns at varying pH values (3.0, 4.0, and 5.0) were subjected to the PCA analysis to select the column with the most appropriate selectivity. Then the column temperature, pH of the aqueous component of mobile phase, phosphate buffer molarity and the organic solvent content in the mobile phase were estimated employing BBD. Valid and reliable mathematical models towards resolution of twelve critical peak pairs were obtained. After determination of the desirability making criteria for all responses, desirability functions were established and used in optimization. The proposed optimal chromatographic conditions included the Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 chromatographic column (100 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm), the column temperature of 34 °C, the mobile phase flow rate of 1.6 mL min−1 and the UV detection at 220 nm. The mobile phase consisted of the 28 mM phosphate buffer at pH 6.0 and acetonitrile (85:15, v/v). Separation of one pair of positional isomers was not achieved, so methanol was added to the organic part of mobile phase in small increments with the optimal ratio of methanol to acetonitrile 59:41, v/v. The overall organic component of the mobile phase also increased to 18%, accelerating the chromatographic analysis.
Efeitos do conservadorismo condicional decorrente da crise econômica sobre o investimento das companhias abertas brasileiras
Authors: Duarte Jailson Manoel Silva , Lima Lauro Vinicio de Almeida , Paulo Edilson , Mota Renato Henrique Gurgel
Published: June 2019

A pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a influência do conservadorismo sobre o nível de investimento das companhias abertas em razão da crise econômica brasileira de 2014-2017. A pesquisa foi pautada em uma análise empírica por intermédio de coleta de informações relativas às empresas não financeiras de capital aberto, listadas no Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3), durante o período que compreendeu os exercícios de 2010 a 2018. Foi utilizado o modelo de Basu, ajustado para a mensuração do efeito da crise econômica brasileira no conservadorismo condicional das empresas. Em seguida, verificou-se a influência do nível de conservadorismo contábil destas, captado pelo modelo de Basu, nos investimentos em bens de capital das empresas. Os resultados indicam que, em períodos de crise econômica local, as empresas antecipam as futuras perdas aumentando o nível de conservadorismo. Esse comportamento conservador, entretanto, não foi capaz de mitigar os efeitos da crise, que influenciou negativamente o nível de investimentos de capital realizados pelas empresas brasileiras. Adicionalmente, observou-se que as empresas mais conservadoras reduzem significativamente seus investimentos em períodos de crise. Esses achados são relevantes para os investidores, pois estes podem considerar um comportamento conservador mais acentuado nos investimentos futuros das firmas. Cabe ressaltar também que os resultados da pesquisa podem auxiliar as políticas governamentais, no âmbito de que os gestores públicos busquem ações que viabilizem investimentos das empresas, minimizando os efeitos negativos da crise e permitindo um crescimento econômico mais rápido.
DOMESTIC SPACE: A TERRAIN OF EMPOWERMENT AND ENTRAPMENT IN SUSAN GLASPELL’S “TRIFLES”
Authors: KARAGÖZ GÜMÜŞÇUBUK Özlem
Published: June 2019

This article
focuses on “Trifles” a timeless play written by Susan Glaspell. This play is
revolutionary for several reasons: it focuses on the living conditions of 19th
century women; it reinterprets the role of domestic space; and it shows how
sisterhood is forged in domestic spheres. Domesticity becomes one of the
determining factors of the play due to the bonds it creates among major women
characters. When Glaspell wrote the play, women were designated to inside the
house and especially the kitchen, women’s domains that do not assign important
responsibilities and empowerment to men. This article argues that the typical
entrapment of women can only be overcome through the sisterhood and empowerment
of women.
User Acceptance Evaluation of a Gamified Knowledge Sharing Platform for Use in Industrial Environments
Authors: Zikos Stylianos , Tsourma Maria , Lithoxoidou Evdoxia E. , Drosou Anastasios , Ioannidis Dimosthenis , Tzovaras Dimitrios
Published: June 2019

This study evaluates user acceptance of a gamification-enabled collaboration and knowledge sharing platform that has been developed for use by personnel in industrial work environments, aiming at increasing motivation for knowledge exchange. The platform has been evaluated at two manufacturing industries by two groups of users, workers and supervisors, with regard to five criteria: usability, knowledge integration, working experience, user acceptance and overall impact. Results showed that even though the ratings from both industries were positive on all criteria, there is room for improvement on user acceptance and knowledge integration. Driven by this fact, a rule-based adaptive gamification approach which exploits information about workers is proposed in order to further increase motivation and engagement. Based on feedback received from the evaluation, guidelines related to functionalities and design of a gamified collaboration platform are provided. These guidelines can be followed when implementing collaboration tools with gamification support for industrial environments.
The Application of International Human Rights Instruments in Outer Space Settlements: Today's Science Fiction, Tomorrow's Reality
Authors: Ferreira-Snyman Anél , Ferreira Gerrit M
Published: June 2019

The military and commercial exploitation of outer space has received increasing international attention since the United States of America announced its intention to establish an outer space military force to protect its interests in outer space. Simultaneously, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and private enterprises such as Blue Origin and SpaceX declared plans to colonise the Moon and/or Mars in the near future. While technology is advancing rapidly to make these objectives a reality, the international legal rules related to these developments are completely uncertain, and in some instances non-existent. It is evident that these developments may have a direct impact on the internationally protected human rights of individuals, taking into account the extremely adverse conditions in outer space and the dangers involved in creating sustainable human living conditions in outer space. International discussion of and action on these legal issues are needed urgently. As a starting point, this contribution discusses the question of whether existing international human rights instruments enjoy extra-territorial application in outer space, given the current status of outer space law. In answering the question, a broad overview is presented of some human rights issues that may be relevant to living in outer space, and the role that the doctrine of effective control may play in this regard is analysed.
Interleukins and inflammatory markers are useful in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Ćeranić Davorin Branislav , Zorman Milan , Skok Pavel
Published: June 2019

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of inflammatory markers, particularly interleukins (ILs), in the course of AP and to determine the frequency of etiologic factors of AP. We included patients with AP who were treated at our institution from May 1, 2012 to January 31, 2015. Different laboratory parameters, including ILs, and the severity scoring systems Ranson’s criteria and Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) were analyzed. AP was classified into mild and severe, and independent parameters were compared between these groups. The predictive performance of each parameter was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). A binomial logistic regression was performed to evaluate Ranson’s criteria and IL6, IL8, and IL10 (at admission and after 48 hours) in the course of AP. Overall, 96 patients were treated, 59 (61.5%) males and 37 (38.5%) females, average age 62.5 ± 16.8 years (range 22–91 years). The best predictor for the severity of AP was IL6, measured 48 hours after admission (AUC = 0.84). Other useful predictors of the severity of AP were lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.001), serum glucose (p < 0.006), and difference in the platelet count (p < 0.001) between admission and after 48 hours (p < 0.001), hemoglobin (p < 0.027) and erythrocytes (p < 0.029). The major causes of AP were gallstones and alcohol consumption. According to our results, IL6 and Ranson score are important predictors of the severity of AP.
EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI SISWA SMA
Authors: Lestari Tri
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas teknik role playing dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa SMAN 1 Pangandaran. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttes control group design dan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket self-confidence. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas X SMAN 1 Pangandaran yang secara administratif terdaftar dan aktif dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Sampel yang diperoleh adalah siswa kelas X-10 yaitu sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X-8 sebagai kelas kontrol melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Gambaran kepercayaan diri siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Pangandaran mengalami peningkatan skor setelah diberikan perlakuan berupa teknik role playing. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan peningkatan skor pretest sebelum perlakuan ke skor posttest setelah perlakuan; (2) Efektivitas teknik role playing terbukti dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa. Peningkatan yang signifikan terlihat dari hasil uji t paired sample dan hasil uji N-gain. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik Role playing efektif untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Pangandaran.
Economic Consequences of Insect Pests Outbreaks in Boreal Forests: A Literature Review
Authors: Ivantsova Ekaterina D. , Pyzhev Anton I. , Zander Evgeniya V.
Published: June 2019

Outbreaks of pests are considered one of the most destructive types of natural forest disorders. In recent years the severity of such outbreaks has rapidly increased due to the process of global warming, which affects the rate of reproduction of pests and the range of their natural distribution. Economic consequences of these types of disturbances are of particular importance. Though many studies have been conducted in the field of tree phytophages ecology, the issues of estimating economic damage and the formation of mechanisms for its minimization have been poorly studied. This article presents a review of studies on the problem of the harmful effects of forest pests classified by their localization. The area of study includes mainly boreal forests located in a number of European countries, the USA, Canada and Russia. Our study reviews the range of instruments applied to prevent disturbances mentioned above and mitigate corresponding negative consequences. Despite the fact that there are theoretical approaches to the analysis of the economic consequences of forest damage by pests, they still cannot find practical application
LINGUOCULTURAL CODE: THEORETICAL BASIS OF RESEARCH
Authors: Myronova Natalia
Published: June 2019

Language is the "spirit of the people". Today the generally accepted idea is the one of the anthropocentrism of language. The formation of the anthropocentric paradigm has focused researchers' attention on a person, on its place in culture because the linguistic personality is the center of cultural tradition. Within the framework of this paradigm, cultural linguistics are developing – the science focused on the cultural factor in language and the linguistic factor in the person; the science that aims to study the correlation and the communication between language and culture, between language and consciousness. The formation of the stable nomenclature is the cultural linguistics' problem of high priority. One of the most important concepts in this field is the concept of linguistic-cultural code, along with the concepts of "cultural code" and "verbal code". The article is devoted to the analysis of modern approaches to the study of the concept of linguistic-cultural code, which is a verbal embodiment of the cultural code. It aims to analyze existing works on this problem and define the theoretical foundations of the study of the linguistic-cultural code. The article reveals typological and functional characteristics of linguistic-cultural code systems. It describes methods of classification of codes within the system on the thematic and substantive grounds, namely the division of codes into substantive and conceptual ones. The purpose of the classifications of this kind is to identify and organize material means of expressing culturally relevant information. The article considers the system of the hierarchical ordering of linguistic-cultural codes and uses the term "subcode" to denote the linguoculture of lower-level systems. The linguistic and cultural interpretation of the subcode as a unit of the lower level than the code and of its place in the system of cultural codes with branchy vertical and horizontal internal connections, forming a figurative cultural paradigm, appears to be relevant. The conclusions of the article may serve as the theoretical basis for further practical research in the field of linguoculture and linguistic semiotics.
HOMONYMY AND POLYSEMY IN GAMBLING TERMINOLOGY IN SPANISH
Authors: Bobchynets Lyubov ,   Kyiv National Linguistic University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2019

The aim of the research is to analize polysemy and homonymy in gambling terminology in the Spanish language. In modern linguistic terminological studies polysemy and homonymy are considered to be negative phenomena in terminological system, as terms should be clear, precise and monosemic to avoid misunderstanding or ambiguity in professional communication. The main methods of studies are lexical semantic analysis and contextual analysis. The homonymic terminological nominations in gambling in Spanish are conditioned by the existence of the same proper names and common names as in el triunfo (la carta de triunfo) and el triunfo (the name of the game), meanwhile polysemantic terms are mainly caused by the parallel usage of hyponymic and hyperonymic names, as in poker (game) and poker (the winning card combination in the game of poker). Very often the use of the definite article before the noun may serve as a distinctive feature, for example, el poker (game) and poker (game winning combination of cards). It is stated that the game is regulated by the rules and special game situation which help to understand the meaning of polysemantic terms, as each game situation requires the use of a special term. The illustrative material revealed the situational character of the game. Contextual analysis proved to be effective means of defining the meaning of polysemantic terminological nominations of gambling in the Spanish language. Situational usage of gambling terms contributes to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding among the gamblers. The future studies may be dedicated to comparative analysis of terminological nominations of gambling in Spanish and other languages whether of the same language group or different language groups, which may be of practical value in terminological and translation studies.