bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da acurácia de três diferentes marcas comerciais de réguas calibradoras de cones de guta-percha
Authors: Alexandra CAGOL  , Luciani SCHWENGBER  , Renata Grazziotin SOARES  , Luis Eduardo Duarte IRALA  , Orlando LIMONGI  , Alexandre Azevedo SALLES
Published: April 2023

Introdução e objetivos: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliaro padrão de estandardização dos tamanhos dos orifícios 35, 50 e 140de três diferentes marcas comerciais de réguas calibradoras de conesde guta-percha e verificar possíveis distorções nos diâmetros 0,35,0,50 e 1,40 mm após quatro ciclos de esterilização. Material emétodos: Foram fotografadas dez réguas de cada uma das seguintesmarcas comerciais: Angelus®, Maillefer® e Prisma®. Nove réguas (trêsde cada marca) foram submetidas a quatro ciclos de esterilização e fotografadas após cada um deles. Resultados e conclusão: Osresultados mostraram que houve variação nos diâmetros dos orifíciosapós as esterilizações e que as três marcas apresentaram falta defidelidade ao tamanho mencionado pelos fabricantes quando novas,isto é, sem esterilização. A marca Maillefer®, antes de esterilizada, foia que demonstrou maior acurácia.
Healing of external root resorption associated with odontogenic keratocyst: case report
Authors: Bernardino Isaac Cerda CRISTERNA  , Daniel Silva Herzog FLORES  , Amaury Pozos GUILLÉN  , Sandra Alves SAYÃO
Published: April 2023

Introduction and objective: A case of external root resorption associatedto an odontogenic keratocyst is presented. Case report and conclusion: Areview of the pertinent literature revealed that this cyst is not considered acommon etiological factor for external root resorption. X-ray examinationsshowed root resorption in the teeth involved in an odontogenic keratocyst.Root canal treatment with calcium hydroxide mixed with propylenglicolwas performed. The paste was applied at definite intervals during a 10month period. X-rays were taken at each interval. At final X-ray examinationsshowed no signs of root resorption and the filling was completed.
Avaliação da resistência flexural de resinas acrílicas polimerizadas por dois métodos
Authors: Eron Toshio Colauto YAMAMOTO  , Eduardo Shigueyuki UEMURA  , Marcos Yasunóri MAEKAWA  , Bruna do Amaral BAGNI  , Renata Gussen dos Santos ROSA  , Andrey de Souza Setúbal DESTRO
Published: April 2023

Introdução: Recentemente a polimerização convencional de resinaacrílica vem sendo trocada pela polimerização por micro-ondas.Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a resistência flexural dediferentes resinas acrílicas, para confecção de próteses, quanto aociclo de polimerização convencional e por micro-ondas. Material emétodos: Foram confeccionados corpos-de-prova de 65 mm X 10 mme 2,5 mm de espessura com diferentes resinas acrílicas, polimerizadospela técnica convencional e por micro-ondas. Os espécimes foramdivididos em seis grupos, de acordo com a marca e o tipo depolimerização respectivamente: G1 (Clássico Convencional), G2(Clássico Micro-ondas), G3 (Vip Dent Convencional), G4 (Vip DentMicro-ondas), G5 (Palaton Convencional) e G6 (Palaton Micro-ondas).Os corpos-de-prova passaram por teste de tensão de flexão de três pontos até sua fratura. Resultados: Os testes Anova e Tukey paranível de significância 5% foram aplicados, e verificou-se diferençaestatística entre o G1 (101,15±15,70) e os grupos G3 (85,51±10,79)e G5 (86,00±8,49); não houve diferença entre G3 e G5. Os gruposG2 (98,74±14,71), G4 (96,28±8,02) e G6 (92,81±11,38) nãodiferiram estatisticamente entre si e em relação aos outros grupos.Não houve diferença estatística entre as técnicas de polimerização.Conclusão: Para o ciclo de polimerização convencional, a resina damarca Clássico possui maior resistência se comparada com as outrasduas marcas estudadas, e tanto o ciclo de polimerização convencionalquanto o de micro-ondas podem ser bem indicados para o usoprotético.
Morphometric study of length and grooves of lower central incisors roots
Authors: Paulo Roberto Lisa SANCHEZ  , Carmen Mueller STORRER  , Giuseppe Alexandre ROMITO  , Francisco Emílio PUSTIGLIONI
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Root grooves are considered a risk factor for periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to measure the length of the root of lower central incisors (LCI), as well as the width and depth of the concavities of their proximal surfaces. Material and methods: The width and depth of root concavities, as well as root length, were evaluated in 90 LCI. All teeth were measured using a digital contour measuring instrument (Contracer®) for the root grooves and a digital calliper for evaluating root length. Results: After statistical analysis (t-Student and Kruskal-Wallis Anova tests, p<0.05) it was possible to confirm: the mean root length on its distal surface (13.88 ±1.47 mm) and on its mesial surface (13.76±1.50 mm). Concavities were present in 100% of the samples; concavities were found 2 mm, coronally from the CEJ, at the CEJ, and at all root surface. The concavities were wider than deeper; on the mesial surface, the greatest width was 1.877 mm and the greatest depth was 0.135 mm; on the distal surface the greatest width was 1.717 mm and the greatest depth was 0.118 mm. Conclusion: The distal surface of the lower central incisor is the longest. The root concavities on the proximal surfaces are present in 100%; the greatest width and depth was at 6 mm apically from the CEJ at both sides, which corresponds to the root middle third. One must get acquainted to the morphological variations of roots to enhance diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
Complex odontoma associated to a primary maxillary canine: case report
Authors: Estela Maris LOSSO  , Eduardo PIZZATTO  , Lucienne Miranda ULBRICH
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Odontomas are malformations of the dental tissues and may interfere with the eruption of the associated tooth. The early diagnosis, followed by a proper treatment at the right time, will result in a favorable prognosis and a desirable occlusion development. Complex odontomas associated to primary teeth are rare. Case report and conclusion: This article describes a case of a complex odontoma in a four-year-old girl that prevented eruption of the left primary canine. The treatment choice was enucleation of the odontoma and the maintenance of the left primary canine. In this case, complete removal of the complex odontoma was successfully conducted, since after one year of follow-up the primary maxillary canine restarted its eruption process.
Obturação com MTA associada à cirurgia parendodôntica no retratamento de reabsorção radicular apical externa – relato de caso
Authors: Marcos Jacobovitz  , Fernanda Geraldes Pappen  , Regina Karla de Pontes Lima*
Published: April 2023

Introdução e objetivo: O tratamento de reabsorções inflamatórias apicais deve ser direcionado ao combate da infecção endodôntica. Em determinados casos, a resolução clínica por meio de tratamento endodôntico convencional pode tornar-se inexequível em função das dificuldades de efetuar a instrumentação e a obturação adequadas da região apical. Nessas situações, técnicas alternativas de preparo do canal radicular e de obturação podem ser necessárias, além da instituição de tratamento cirúrgico complementar. Relato do caso:Este trabalho apresenta uma alternativa de retratamento de um caso de reabsorção radicular apical externa com o uso do tampão de MTA associado à cirurgia parendodôntica. Após remoção do material obturador, limpeza e desinfecção do canal radicular, foi instituída terapia com hidróxido de cálcio por 45 dias. Depois desse período, o canal foi obturado com MTA, e em uma sessão posterior foram feitas curetagem da lesão periapical e apicectomia. A proservação do caso deu-se em 34 meses e demonstrou reparo da lesão periapical e íntimo contato do trabeculado ósseo com o MTA. Conclusão: O uso do MTA como material obturador, complementado pela cirurgia parendodôntica, mostrou-se como uma alternativa para o tratamento de dentes com reabsorção radicular apical externa.
Efeito da inserção tardia de resina composta sobre a resistência de união de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes
Authors: Edson Alves CAMPOS  , José Roberto Cury SAAD  , Osmir Batista OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR  , Sizenando Toledo PORTO NETO  , Lucas Arrais CAMPOS  , Marcelo Ferrarezi ANDRADE
Published: April 2023

Introdução: O avanço tecnológico dos sistemas adesivos fez com que surgissem materiais com técnicas simplificadas, com menor número de passos clínicos. Objetivo: Buscou-se verificar a influência do momento da inserção do material restaurador (inserção imediata ou tardia) sobre os valores de resistência de união de adesivos autocondicionantes utilizando o teste de microtração. Material e métodos: Foram usados dentes incisivos bovinos, que tiveram sua superfície vestibular desgastada até obter uma superfície plana em dentina. Empregaram-se sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes – Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB), Clearfil Tri S Bond (CTSB), AdheSE (ADS) e AdheSE One (ADO) –, e a resina composta Z350 foi aderida a esse substrato em dois diferentes momentos: imediatamente e tardiamente (após 24 horas). Todos os procedimentos foram realizados com simulação da pressão pulpar fisiológica. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística empregando Anova e teste de Tukey. Resultados: Todos os materiais testados, com exceção de ADS, apresentaram redução dos valores de resistência de união quando a resina composta foi aplicada tardiamente, e apenas para os sistemas de passo único (CTSB e ADO) a redução foi estatisticamente significante. Conclusão: Cuidado especial deve ser tomado durante a utilização de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes de passo único. É aconselhável a aplicação de uma camada adicional de material hidrofóbico com o objetivo de diminuir a permeação da camada adesiva, e a inserção da resina composta deve ser iniciada imediatamente após a fotopolimerização do sistema adesivo.
Comparison of Adjuvant Effects of Montanide ISA-720 and Heat Shock
Protein 27 in Increasing Immunostimulatory Properties of HIV-1 Nef-Vif
Fusion Protein Construct
Authors: Khairkhah Niloofar , Shahhosseini Fatemeh , Agi Elnaz , Milani Alireza , Bolhassani Azam
Published: April 2023

Introduction::

Effective T-cell-mediated immunity has emerged as an essential component
of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vaccination. Thus, inducing an immune response against
HIV proteins such as Nef and Vif, two major accessory proteins with critical roles in HIV
pathogenesis and immune evasion, may lead to an effective approach.

Aim:

Our goal is to evaluate and compare Montanide ISA-720 and heat shock protein 27 in increasing
immunostimulatory properties of HIV-1 Nef-Vif fusion protein as a vaccine candidate.

Methods:

In this study, the nef-vif fusion gene with and without the heat shock protein 27 (hsp27)
gene was cloned in the prokaryotic pET24a (+) vector. Then, the recombinant Nef-Vif and Hsp27-Nef-
Vif proteins were generated in the E. coli system. Finally, their immunostimulatory properties were
evaluated in mice. Indeed, the potency of Hsp27 as an endogenous natural adjuvant was investigated
to enhance HIV-1 Nef-Vif antigen-specific immunity compared to Montanide ISA-720 as a
commercial adjuvant in protein-based immunization strategy.

Results:

Our results approved the role of Hsp27 as an effective adjuvant in the stimulation of B- and
T-cell immunity. The linkage of Hsp27 to antigen could elicit higher levels of IgG1, IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-
5 and Granzyme B than antigen mixed with Montanide ISA-720. Moreover, the ratios of IFN-γ/IL-5
and IgG2a/IgG1 were significantly increased in groups receiving Nef-Vif protein + Montanide ISA-
720 and Hsp27-Nef-Vif protein indicating the direction of the immune response pathway toward
strong Th1 response. These ratios were higher in the group receiving Hsp27-Nef-Vif protein than in
the group receiving Nef-Vif protein + Montanide ISA-720.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that Hsp27 can be used as an effective adjuvant to enhance antigenspecific
immune responses in HIV-1 infectious models for therapeutic vaccine development.
Personality, self-appraisals, and body conscious emotions as predictors of symptoms of body dysmorphia and restrictive disordered eating
Authors: Du Rocher Andrew R. , Anderson Carrie-Anne , Ashkar Yasmin , Leung Isabel , Lynch Hayley , Shah Maya , Vincent Abigail , Watkinson Katie
Published: April 2023

Anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder are often co-morbid and relate to distortions in the perception of self-appearance. It has been proposed that they should be placed in a new body image disorders category in the DSM. Dimensional perspectives suggest that clinical and sub-clinical manifestations of these psychopathologies reside on the same continuum. We explored the correlates of sub-clinical restrictive disordered eating, and sub-clinical body dysmorphia in 396 participants. Our online study tested how sub-clinical restrictive disordered eating, and body dysmorphia relate to self-perceived attractiveness, self-esteem, body-shame, body-pride, authentic and hubristic pride, and personality as described in revised reinforcement sensitivity theory. Body dysmorphia shared significantly stronger positive correlations than restrictive disordered eating with behavioral inhibition sensitivity, body-shame, and body-guilt, and significantly stronger negative correlations with self-esteem, and self-perceived attractiveness. Restrictive disordered eating and body dysmorphia were negatively correlated with authentic and hubristic pride. Hierarchical regression showed that reinforcement sensitivity explained more variance in body dysmorphia than in restrictive disordered eating (Model 1). Self-esteem and self-perceived attractiveness explained more of the additional variance in body dysmorphia than in restrictive disordered eating (Model 2), as did the addition of body-shame, body-pride, authentic and hubristic pride (Model 3). Sub-clinical restrictive disordered eating and body dysmorphia relate to several constructs that may be important in understanding the development and/or maintenance of two proposed body image disorders: anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder.
Performance of Seed-cum-fertilizer Drill, Zero Till Drill and Broadcasting Method for Sowing Greengram
Authors: MOHANTA B , PRADHAN PL
Published: April 2023

Pulses provide the required protein supplement to the vegetarian people. Pulse is the most important food crop in India and from all integral part of the cropping system farmers all over the country. Greengram or mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is the major pulse crop of the state Odisha covering total area of 8.36 lakh ha with average productivity 434 kg per ha, which is about 40 percent of the total pulse area of the state. Present study was conducted for zero-till drill and seed- cum- fertilizer drill for sowing on the yield of greengram in the year 2016-17 in village Niladeipur and Achyutpur village of Jajpur district in Rabi season. It is found that zero-till drill is having highest benefit-cost ratio of 2.07 as compared to 1.90 with seed drill and 1.77 with broadcasting. Use of zero till drill for sowing of green gram was economical as the costs of fuel, labour and inputs are saved. It can save around Rs. 1750/- per hectare required for field preparation.
Tobacco Agridaksh: An Online Expert System
Authors: RAVISANKAR H , REDDY D DAMODAR , SREEDHAR U , SARALA K , KRISHNA S KASTURI , PRASAD L K , REDDY K VISWANATHA , MARWAHA SUDEEP , RAO N SRINIVASA
Published: April 2023

New advances in information technology led to the development of Expert Systems and their application in various sectors including farming. In India, agricultural production has been transformed into a multifaceted business enterprise. Indian agriculture to remain competitive needs the accumulation and integration of scientific knowledge, and information from many diverse sources.  Indian farmer often relies on agricultural specialists, advisors and agricultural research and development institutes for agricultural information for better decision making at the actual farm situation. Unfortunately, timely specialist assistance is not available when the farmer needs. Thus the situation demand for a ‘virtual expert’ who can give personalized expert advice to a large community of farmers, specific to their needs and aspirations considering various knowledge sources. The role of expert systems in tobacco sector and its applications in effective production and protection technologies have been discussed in this article. It is almost impossible for any human expert to consider every piece of available information before arriving at optimal decisions. To overcome this problem and provide precise information to the farmers, “expert systems” have been developed with a primary goal to make expertise available to clients and decision makers who need answers swiftly. The main aim is to deliver the required information and disseminate the up-to-date scientific knowledge in a readily accessible and easily understood form to the farmers. It is one of the most efficient extension tools to take the technology from scientists to the growers directly without any distortion of content which normally creeps in because of multiple agencies involved in conventional technology transfer systems. With this aim, ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute has developed a web-based expert system on tobacco using “Agridaksh”- an online tool developed by ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute. This, online expert systems has the tremendous capacity to transfer location specific technologies and advice to the farmers with a greater precision
The Effectiveness of Online-Only Blended Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: Static-Group Comparison Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chong Kah Meng , Yang Hsiang-Wen , He Hsien-Chin , Lien Wan-Ching , Yang Mei-Fen , Chi Chien-Yu , Chen Yen-Pin , Huang Chien-Hua , Ko Patrick Chow-In
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Basic life support (BLS) education is essential for improving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates, but the imparting of such education faces obstacles during the outbreak of emerging infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. When face-to-face teaching is limited, distance learning—blended learning (BL) or an online-only model—is encouraged. However, evidence regarding the effect of online-only CPR training is scarce, and comparative studies on classroom-based BL (CBL) are lacking. While other strategies have recommended self-directed learning and deliberate practice to enhance CPR education, no previous studies have incorporated all of these instructional methods into a BLS course.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to demonstrate a novel BLS training model—remote practice BL (RBL)—and compare its educational outcomes with those of the conventional CBL model.

METHODS

A static-group comparison study was conducted. It included RBL and CBL courses that shared the same paradigm, comprising online lectures, a deliberate practice session with Little Anne quality CPR (QCPR) manikin feedback, and a final assessment session. In the main intervention, the RBL group was required to perform distant self-directed deliberate practice and complete the final assessment via an online video conference. Manikin-rated CPR scores were measured as the primary outcome; the number of retakes of the final examination was the secondary outcome.

RESULTS

A total of 52 and 104 participants from the RBL and CBL groups, respectively, were eligible for data analysis. A comparison of the 2 groups revealed that there were more women in the RBL group than the CBL group (36/52, 69.2% vs 51/104, 49%, respectively; P=.02). After adjustment, there were no significant differences in scores for QCPR release (96.9 vs 96.4, respectively; P=.61), QCPR depth (99.2 vs 99.5, respectively; P=.27), or QCPR rate (94.9 vs 95.5, respectively; P=.83). The RBL group spent more days practicing before the final assessment (12.4 vs 8.9 days, respectively; P<.001) and also had a higher number of retakes (1.4 vs 1.1 times, respectively; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

We developed a remote practice BL–based method for online-only distant BLS CPR training. In terms of CPR performance, using remote self-directed deliberate practice was not inferior to the conventional classroom-based instructor-led method, although it tended to take more time to achieve the same effect.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Assessing Patients’ Critical Health Literacy and Identifying Associated Factors: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Shan Yi , Ji Meng , Dong Zhaogang , Xing Zhaoquan , Xu Xiaofei
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Previous studies have revealed that functional health literacy plays a less important role than communicative and critical health literacy (CRHL) and that communicative literacy and CRHL contribute more to better patient self-management. Although improving health literacy has been identified as an approach to fostering community involvement and empowerment, CRHL may be regarded as the neglected domain of health literacy, rarely achieving any focus or interventions that claim to be working toward this outcome. Considering this research background, close scholarly attention needs to be paid to CRHL and its associated factors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess CRHL and identify essential factors closely associated with the status of CRHL among Chinese patients and to provide some implications for clinical practice, health education, medical research, and public health policy making.

METHODS

We conducted this cross-sectional study, which lasted from April 8, 2022, to September 23, 2022, following the steps below. We first designed a 4-section survey questionnaire and then recruited Mandarin Chinese–speaking patients from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China, using randomized sampling. Subsequently, we administered the questionnaire via wenjuanxing, the most popular web-based survey platform in China, between July 20, 2022, and August 19, 2022. Finally, we used latent class modeling to analyze the valid data collected to classify the patient participants and identify the factors potentially associated with different CRHL levels.

RESULTS

All data in the 588 returned questionnaires were valid. On the basis of the collected data, we classified the patient participants into 3 latent classes of limited, moderate, and adequate CRHL and identified 4 factors associated with limited CRHL, including middle and old age, male sex, lower educational attainment, and low internal drive to maintain one’s health.

CONCLUSIONS

Using latent class modeling, we identified 3 classes of CRHL and 4 factors associated with limited CRHL among the Chinese study participants. These literacy classes and the predicting factors ascertained in this study can provide some implications for clinical practice, health education, medical research, and health policy making.
Predicting Efficacy of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression through Speech Acoustic Analysis: A Machine Learning Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Yang , Liu Rongxun , Womer Fay Yeh , Yang Wenju , Chang Yaliang , Wang Lifei , Zhang Ran , Zhu Yue , Wei Yange , Zhu Rongxin , Zhang Xizhe
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) is an effective remote psychological treatment option. However, its effectiveness is usually assessed based on subjective symptom scales, which may lead to inaccurate reflection of the true symptoms or progress in treatment. Using both subjective symptom scales and objective speech acoustic features to evaluate ICBT has the benefits of being non-invasive and convenient. Utilizing reliable and valid measures of patient response based on objective speech indicators would aid in the advancement of ICBT.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ICBT using speech acoustic features for treatment monitoring and predicting treatment response. We examined changes in symptoms and speech, and developed a machine learning-based classification model that could monitor treatment progression and predict treatment outcome based on speech acoustic features.

METHODS

A four-week randomized controlled trial was conducted to study the use of ICBT in college students with depression. Speech samples and clinical symptoms were collected at the beginning and end of treatment, and the extracted acoustic features were compared between the ICBT and wait-list groups and analyzed for correlations. An artificial neural network (ANN) was also created to predict the efficacy of ICBT and classify treatment response.

RESULTS

In comparison to the wait-list group, the first formant bandwidth of speech significantly changed in the ICBT group, along with improvements in depressive symptoms following treatment. The efficacy of ICBT and treatment response were predicted using speech features such as the difference in the first and third formants and first formant bandwidth. There was a significant correlation (r=.452, P=.004) between the predicted and true values of the change in PHQ-9 scores from baseline to week 4 of ICBT. Additionally, the classification model built by ANN to identify treatment response and nonresponse had an accuracy rate of 78.37%.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified speech formant as objective biological markers of speech that are closely related to depression and the effectiveness of ICBT. The research also showed that classification models based on key speech acoustic features can be a useful method for tracking progress in psychotherapy and predicting efficacy.

CLINICALTRIAL

The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ChiCTR2100045542).
The Careers and Professional Well-Being of Women Oncologists During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Responding for Tomorrow (Preprint)
Authors: Majmudar Shivani , Graff Stephanie L , Kays Marah , Braz Beatriz X , Matt-Amaral Laurie , Markham Merry J , Subbiah Ishwaria M , Bergsland Emily , Jain Shikha
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender inequity in medicine, with women physicians reporting greater household responsibilities than their men counterparts and steeper barriers to career advancement. The pandemic highlighted the systemic assumptions and challenges faced by women physicians, which we anticipate is also true in our field of oncology. Prior literature suggests that women physicians were tasked with increased personal and professional responsibilities without compensation for their additional work, as well as derailments in career progression and significant burnout. Our aims are to highlight areas of opportunity to optimize the workplace experience of the oncology workforce and to invest in the professional well-being and sustainability of women oncologists as a step toward global workplace equity and future pandemic preparedness.
Small-Scale Fisher's Livelihood Strategies: Findings from Case Studies in Several Indonesian Coastal Areas
Authors: Saksono Hery , Nissa’ Zulfa Nur Auliatun , Suadi Suadi
Published: April 2023

Globally, small-scale fisheries have a substantial impacts on food security, nutrition, and well-being as well as the main livelihood for coastal communities. Due to widespread environmental changes, some 2.67 million Indonesia fishers who depend on small-scale fishing are vulnerable to poverty and environmental deterioration. This study summarizes the results of studies related to the analysis of the livelihoods of small-scale fishers through several case studies conducted by the Fisheries Socioeconomic Laboratory at the Department of Fisheries UGM, during 2015 to 2020. Such literature review was employed as the primary methodology in this study and it is essential for developing conceptual models for synthesizing research findings and identifying the areas for further investigation. The study examines the livelihoods of small-scale fishers with a focus on livelihood resources, responses to pressure on livelihood resources, and survival strategies. The study discusses on the livelihoods of small-scale fishers who actively engage in fishing activities with boats of approximately 10 GT, with 2 to 5 fishers per boat. The study found that most small-scale fishersonly have a basic education particularly elementary school, have no other employment options during bad weather, and are under pressure from a variety of environmental change factors. Small-scale fishers are particularly exposed to pressures from the weather, gear bans, rising fuel prices, and low levels of education, and overfishing. Small-scale fishing households adapt by reorganizing household tasks, utilizing various technology, and developing group organizations to avoid problems like territory disputes. The fishers also do this by requesting support and subsidies and actively partaking in religious activities. Local customs that forbid fishing on particular days are said to aid in the replenishment of fish stocks, making sea alms a safety net for fisher communities.
Biogas Production from Kitchen Wastes by Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Aljumah Ziad , Alyahya Sulaiman
Published: April 2023

Abstract: This paper aimed to study the biogas production from kitchen wastes mixed with cattle dung. A vertical bench scale biogas digesters were constructed. Each three of them were replicates and their average biogas yields were recorded. The mixing ratios were 75%, 50% and 25% of kitchen wastes to the total slurry. The pH, alkalinity and temperature were measured during the experiments. It was found that digestion process was sensitive to temperature changes. Also, the pH and alkalinity were increasing over time. Moreover, it was found that the mixing ratio of 75% kitchen wastes to the total slurry enhanced the biogas production by 17.3% in comparison to the ratio of 25% kitchen wastes.
Performance of Flowable Concrete for Application in Underground Structures -NATM Tunnel and Station Box of Mumbai Metro Project
Authors: Sonule Sandip , Jayarama H. , Roy Mainak , Jadhav C.M , Tayade Dr. K.C
Published: April 2023

Abstract: High-performance flowable concrete offers special combinations of performance, uniformity, and consistency requirements that cannot be possible by traditional normal slump concrete. It is an advanced concrete than traditional concrete with high workability without segregation, bleeding and it is suitable for placing in structures with congested reinforcement of structure, long distance pumping concrete-like inside NATM tunnel, cross passages, and underground station box concrete structures. Flowable concrete can be flow itself but does not have the self-compacting capability. Flowable concrete required vibration to ease flow to reach each corner of formwork and compaction for achieving a smooth surface finish after deshuttering. Mix proportion of flowable concrete must ensure a good balance between deformability and stability. The behavior of concrete can be affected by the characteristics of selected ingredients in concrete and the mix proportions. It becomes necessary to evolve a procedure for mix design of flowable concrete. The paper presents an experimental procedure for the mix design of flowable concrete for grade M40 and implementation of the same mix at the cast in situ Base slab, Roof slab Rcc walls for underground metro stations, NATM tunnel & cross passages in Mumbai Metro Project, package -UGC-07. The test results for acceptance characteristics of M40 grade flowable concrete such as flow table test, compressive strength at the ages of 7, 28, and 56 days determined, and results are included here. Successful production of temperature control flowable concrete from batching plant, transportation, placement procedures, and proper planning of handling and execution of flowable concrete at the site are presented in this article.
THE THEORY OF CRITICISM IN RUSSIAN JURISPRUDENCE: PROBLEMS OF FORMATION
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Дамир Юсуфович Шапсугов
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the formation of criticism and scientific criticism in jurisprudence, taking into account the experience of developing critical thought in Russia, highlighting the theoretical constructions of A. V. Nikitenko, V. G. Belinsky, I. Kant. The development of the ideas of criticism in Russian jurisprudence of the 19th-20th centuries is briefly characterized, the problem of the formation of the theory of scientific criticism in the Soviet period of Russian history is posed.
The Comparative Economics of Globalisation and Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: A. Asongu Simplice , M. Odhiambo Nicholas
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the effect of globalisation on governance in 40 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period of 2000-2019, with particular emphasis on income levels (low income versus middle income), legal origins (English common law versus French civil law), landlockedness (landlocked versus unlandlocked), resource wealth (oil-rich versus oil-poor) and political stability (stable versus unstable). The empirical evidence is based on fixed effects regressions in order to control for the unobserved heterogeneity. Political, economic, social, and general globalisation variables are used, while three bundled governance indicators are also employed to assess five main hypotheses. From baseline findings, while all globalisation dynamics negatively affect political governance, only political and social globalisation dynamics have a negative incidence on economic governance. Social and general globalisation dynamics positively affect institutional governance. The hypotheses that higher income, English common law, unlandlocked, oil-poor, and politically-stable countries are associated with higher levels of globalisation-driven governance, are valid, invalid, and partially valid contingent on the globalisation and governance dynamics.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KAKAO SISTEM SAMBUNG PUCUK DI DESA AKO KECAMATAN PASANGKAYU KABUPATEN PASANGKAYU
Authors: S Syahrian , Pratama Muhammad Fardal , A. Laihi Moh Alfit
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar tingkat pendapatan yang diperoleh petani dari kakao sistem sambung pucuk. Tanaman kakao sistem sambung pucuk mengalami penurunan produktivitas, hal ini disebabkan adanyaa serangan hama dan penyakit, penerapan teknologi budidaya yang belum optimal, penggunaan jenis tanaman yang memiliki potensi produksi rendah ataupun kondisi tanaman yang Sebagian telah tua. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Ako Kecamatan Pasangkayu Kabupaten Pasangkayu dengan responden sebanyak 32 responden dengan populasi 115 petani. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan metode sampel acak sederhana (simple random sampling). Pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk menjawab tujuan ini adalah analisis pendapatan yaitu rasio antara penerimaan dan total biaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rata-rata pendapatan usahatani kakao sebesar Rp. 5.556.576,11/1,63 Ha/bulan atau Rp. 3.408.942,4/Ha/bulan.
A Quantitative Analysis of an Automatic Code Generation Tool for Space Software Applications
Authors: Pérez-Muñoz Ángel G. , Miguel Miguel Á. de , Cano Javier Cubas , Valente Hugo Santos , Flores Juan Zamorano , Muñoz Alejandro Alonso , Puente Juan A. de la
Published: April 2023

Model-driven engineering (MDE) has become a leading methodology for the
design and development of Real-Time Embedded Systems (RTES). It makes
use of automatic code generation tools to reduce time, cost and effort
associated with writing and maintaining software. However, automatic
code generators tend to produce poor quality and inefficient code, which
is unacceptable for safety critical systems. The verification and
validation of such systems are crucial activities that require
high-level code quality and coverage enforced by standards such as
DO-178C/ED-12C for airborne software or ECSS in the European space
domain. Simulink is a modelling tool offered by MathWorks widely used in
the aerospace sector to develop and simulate models. The QGen tool-suite
offers a C and Ada code generator appropriate for Simulink and Stateflow
models. In this paper, we evaluate QGen aiming to demonstrate its
applicability in embedded software products, its integrability in other
modelling tools, and the quality of the autogenerated software. To that
end, a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPI) have been defined to
measure quantitative values mostly obtained with open-source tools. The
evaluation adopts the Attitude Control System from the UPMSat-2
satellite as the technology demonstrator and its simulation and control
Simulink models serve as evaluation models for this analysis. The
contribution of this study has been to establish a quantitative
methodology for the evaluation of the QGen tool-suite based on software
metrics at varying granularity levels such as model and source code.
This methodology should help the researchers to identify further metrics
and use them to analyze not only automatic code generators, but also to
establish a criterion to assess the technology readiness of other
software products and tools.
High-efficiency heterologous expression of nattokinase based on a combinatorial strategy
Authors: Gu Ziqiang , Ning Chen , Liu Zhemin , Liang Qingping , Tian Ming , Fu Xiaodan , Zhu Changliang , Mou Haijin
Published: April 2023

Nattokinase, traditionally produced by the fermentation of Bacillus
subtilis natto, has high-efficiency and safe thrombolytic effect.
However, low activity limits its industrial application as thrombolytic
agent. In this study, the nattokinase encoding-gene from B. subtilis
natto was heterologously expressed in B. subtilis WB800 to realize the
high-efficiency of nattokinase. At first, the gene was amplified and
connected to the Escherichia coli-B. subtilis shuttle plasmid pP43NMK to
construct the recombinant plasmid pP43NMK-NKF. The recombinant WB800-NKF
showed nattokinase enzyme activity of 22.3 FU/mL, with a molecular
weight of enzyme protein of 27.7 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme activity
increased to 75.3 FU/mL after the signal peptide starting codon is
optimized as ATG from GTG. A total of 19 signal peptides were screened
to construct a series of recombinants (PSP1–PSP19) and compared with
the original signal peptide of nattokinase. Among them, the recombinant
PSP7 (SPYqxM) showed the highest nattokinase enzyme activity, 235.2
FU/mL. Furthermore, the construction of the promoter tandem expression
vector proved that the dual-promoter recombinant PSP7C43 (P43-P43) has
the highest enzyme activity of 247.1 FU/mL, 1.16 times that of the
single promoter recombinant PSP7 (P43). After the optimization of
fermentation conditions, the nattokinase enzyme activity of recombinant
PSP7C43 finally increased to 325.4 FU/mL. This enzyme activity reached
the highest level under the same detection method. The combinatorial
strategy adopted in this study realizes the substantial improvement of
nattokinase expression level, which lays a foundation for the industrial
development of nattokinase as a thrombolytic reagent.
RALY participates in nerve trauma-induced nociceptive hypersensitivity through triggering eIF4G2 gene expression in primary sensory neurons
Authors: Huang Lina , Sharma Dilip , Feng Xiaozhou , Pan Zhiqiang , Wu Shaogen , Munoz Daisy , Bekker A. , Hu HuiJuan , Tao Yuan-Xiang
Published: April 2023

Background and Purpose: Peripheral nerve trauma-induced dysregulation of
pain-associated genes in the primary sensory neurons of dorsal root
ganglion (DRG) contributes to neuropathic pain genesis. RNA-binding
proteins participate in gene transcription. We hypothesized that RALY,
an RNA-binding protein, participated in nerve trauma-induced
dysregulation of DRG pain-associated genes and nociceptive
hypersensitivity. Methods and results: Immunohistochemistry staining
showed that RALY was expressed exclusively in the nuclei of DRG neurons.
Peripheral nerve trauma caused by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of
unilateral sciatic nerve produced time-dependent increases in the levels
of Raly mRNA and RALY protein in injured DRG. Blocking this increase
through DRG microinjection of adeno-associated virus 5 (AAV5)-expressing
Raly shRNA reduced the CCI-induced elevation in the amount of eukaryotic
initiation factor 4 gamma 2 (eIF4G2) mRNA and eIF4G2 protein in injured
DRG and mitigated the development and maintenance of CCI-induced
nociceptive hypersensitivity, without altering basal (acute) response to
noxious stimuli and locomotor activity. Mimicking DRG increased RALY
through DRG microinjection of AAV5 expressing Raly mRNA upregulated the
expression of eIF4G2 mRNA and eIF4G2 protein in the DRG and led to
hypersensitive responses to noxious stimuli in the absence of nerve
trauma. Mechanistically, CCI promoted the binding of RALY to the
promoter of eIF4G2 gene and triggered its transcriptional activity.
Conclusion and Implications: Our findings indicate that RALY
participates in nerve trauma-induced nociceptive hypersensitivity likely
through transcriptionally triggering eIF4G2 expression in the DRG. RALY
may be a potential target in neuropathic pain management.
Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life and exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease - do women benefit equally?
Authors: Stojanovic Milovan , Vukovic Aleksa , Stankovic Marija , Igrutinovic-Novkovic Jelena , Igic Igor , Deljanin-Ilic Marina , Ilic Stevan
Published: April 2023

Introduction/Objective. This paper aimed to examine whether women and men benefit equally from comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in terms of quality of life (QOL), and exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. The study involved 1603 CAD patients, 1231 (76.8%) men and 372 (23.2%) women, who were referred to a three-week CR program. All patients were tested for physical strain at the beginning and at the end of CR. The QOL was assessed at the beginning and at the end of CR by validated questionnaire Short-Form 36. Results. Improvements in physical strain tolerance were more pronounced in women compared to men (18.46% vs. 14.23% for level, and 19.1% vs. 16.34% for the duration of the test). Also, CR has led to the improvement of the QOL in both men and women. However, women had greater improvement than men in all parameters - physical functioning: 26.85% vs. 10.12%, limitations due to physical health: 76.39% vs. 28.11%, limitations due to+ emotional problems: 23.12% vs. 21.07%, energy/fatigue: 13.33% vs. 6.77%, emotional well-being: 11.19% vs. 6.77%, social functioning 14.48% vs. 4.96%, body pain 15.76% vs. 10.16%, general health 10.53% vs. 7.38%, and health change 24.06% vs. 12.69%. Conclusion. Women generally less participate in CR than men. Results indicated that CR improves exercise capacity and QOL in CAD patients, in both men and women. However, these positive changes were more pronounced in women. This is why CR needs improvement in the referral and participation of women.
Acquired Primary Syphilis on a Child’s Lip
Authors: Menni Silvano
Published: April 2023

This article does not have an abstract.
Intravenous Immunoglobulin: Properties, Mode of Action and Practical Use in Dermatology
Authors: Prins Christa , Gelfand Erwin W. , French Lars E.
Published: April 2023

Since they were first administered to patients with antibody deficiency disorders over 50 years ago, human intravenous immunoglobulin preparations have been used successfully to treat a rapidly increasing number of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, among which are a series of cutaneous autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. These include dermatomyositis, Kawasaki’s disease, a number of autoimmune bullous diseases, severe adverse drug reactions, and other autoimmune and/or allergic conditions, such as atopic dermatitis. Although only a minority of these indications (dermatomyositis, Kawasaki’s disease) are officially registered or based on double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies, the observed efficacy and safety profile of currently available intravenous immunoglobulin sometimes makes this a treatment of choice for initiation of therapy or for replacement of more toxic alternatives, such as systemic immunosuppressive medications. The increasing use of intravenous immunoglobulin has been associated with further understanding of its mechanism(s) of action, clinical manipulation and associated side-effects, as well as the introduction of improved or new types of intravenous immunoglobulin. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the mode of action of intravenous immunoglobulin, its reported therapeutic effects in cutaneous disease, its mode of administration and safety profile, and compares the currently available intravenous immunoglobulin preparations.
Tinea Incognito Hidden under Apparently Treatment-resistant Pemphigus Foliaceus
Authors: Guenova Emmanuella , Hoetzenecker Wolfram , Schaller Martin , Röcken Martin , Fierlbeck Gerhard
Published: April 2023

This article does not have an abstract.
A Case of Zinc Deficiency Histologically Showing Spongiform Pustules of Kogoj
Authors: Shindo Masahisa , Aki Toshiyuki , Yoshida Yuichi , Yamamoto Osamu
Published: April 2023

This article does not have an abstract.
Cooling by Frozen Gel Pack as Pain Relief During Treatment of Axillary Hyperhidrosis with Botulinum Toxin A Injections
Authors: Skiveren Jette , Kjaerby Emmy , Nordahl Larsen Heidi
Published: April 2023

Botulinum toxin A injection is a well-described efficacious treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis. Although considered a safe treatment, many patients experience pain during injections. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether cooling by frozen gel packs applied in the axilla for 5 min before treatment could reduce pain. Thirty-six patients with axillary hyperhidrosis were included in this randomized, open-label prospective study, in which patients were their own controls. Pain was assessed before, during (four times), and immediately after treatment, using a numeric rating scale. The patients experienced statistically significant pain reduction, of 14-19%, in areas cooled by frozen gel pack (p
Clinical Follow-up of 102 Anti-Ro/SSA-positive Patients with Dermatological Manifestations
Authors: Popovic Karin , Wahren-Herlenius Marie , Nyberg Filippa
Published: April 2023

Patients with Ro/SSA autoantibodies can develop cutaneous lupus erythematosus and photosensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate disease progression and clinical outcome in Ro/SSA-positive patients after 2 years in a prospectively followed cohort. A total of 102 previously clinically and serologically characterized Ro/SSA-positive patients received a questionnaire 2 years after the baseline investigation. Evaluation of 98 questionnaire responses was performed and clinical examination was offered to patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus established at baseline, or skin symptoms developed over the 2 year period since baseline. Skin symptoms (42%) and arthralgia (31%) were common self-reported health-related answers. Twenty of the 98 patients (20%) showed disease progression with development of new diagnoses such as drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. This prospective study reveals that new autoimmune diseases and skin disease progress are common in Ro/SSA-positive patients also in the short-term perspective, and stresses the importance of regular follow-up of these patients.
Cold Water and Pauses in Illumination Reduces Pain During Photodynamic Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Regin Wiegell Stine , Hædersdal Merete , Christian Wulf Hans
Published: April 2023

Pain is the main acute adverse event during photodynamic therapy of skin lesions. The objective of this randomized study was to evaluate the pain-relieving effect of pauses and cooling during illumination. Twenty-four patients with actinic keratoses were treated with photodynamic therapy in two symmetrical areas and cooled with either cold-water-spray or cold-water-pack (CoolPack). Treatment areas were cooled during either the first or second period of illumination, which were separated by a 3-min pause in illumination. Pain intensity was scored from 0 to 10. Water-spray reduced the mean pain score by 1.2 points (p=0.030) and CoolPack by 1.3 points (p=0.007) during the first half of the illumination. Pain intensity decreased during the pause by 3.7 points in water-spray patients (p