bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and results of surgical treatment of euthyroid and toxic goiter depending on the peculiarities of clinical course, tracheal compression and comorbidity
Authors: Ilyicheva Elena A. , Bersenev Gleb A. , Makhutov Valeriy N. , Aldaranov Gennadiy Yu. , Grigoryev Eugene G.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: At the time of seeking medical help, some patients have nodular/multinodular goiter of large and gigantic sizes, which leads to compression of the neck organs. In the structure of benign diseases, neck compression is diagnosed in 10% of cases, and tracheal narrowing is found in 84% of patients in this group. It was experimentally established that narrowing of the trachea leads to the development of hypertension in the pulmonary circulation. Patients with nodular/multinodular goiter with compression of the neck organs belong to the age group of 50 years and older, the peculiarity of which is comorbidity of varying severity. Cardiopulmonary syndromes may mask compression of the organs of the neck by the thyroid gland. As a rule, patients come and/or go to a cardiologist, pulmonologist, gastroenterologist and other specialists, as a result of which the timelines for timely surgical treatment are missed. Often, patients are delivered to the endocrine surgeon urgently due to the development of asphyxiation. The symptoms of impaired external respiration and the initial manifestations of pulmonary hypertension, as a result of compression syndrome, preceding this condition are evaluated only retrospectively.
AIMS: To study the frequency of tracheal compression and symptoms of chronic hypoxia in the structure of benign thyroid diseases requiring surgical treatment, as well as an assessment of the nature of comorbid pathology and the results of surgical treatment.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of benign thyroid diseases for the period from March to August 2019 was carried out (100 observations).
RESULTS: Toxic goiter prevailed in the structure of benign thyroid diseases (74%). Tracheal compression was observed in 69% of cases. When trachea was compressed, arterial hypertension statistically significantly prevailed (2, p0.01). The appearance of wheezing on inhalation/exhalation and an increase in its frequency were detected when the trachea narrowed to the thyroid gland to 10 mm or less in 10 cases (10%) with a statistically significant prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (2, p0.01). Thyroidectomy prevailed in the structure of operations (80%). There was no statistically significant increase in surgical complications depending on the severity of tracheal compression, age, and concomitant pathology. There were no fatal outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of patients with benign thyroid diseases complicated by compression of the neck organs is also shown safely regardless of age and associated pathology.
The activity of NAD- and NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases in lymphocytes of peripheral blood in Graves’ disease
Authors: Dudina Margarita A. , Savchenko Andrey , Dogadin Sergey A. , Gvozdev Ivan I.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: The regulatory effect of thyroid hormones on the metabolism of the immune system cells (activation of oxidative processes, separation of oxidative phosphorylation and increased protein synthesis) depends on their number. Changes in the activity of intracellular enzymes in Graves disease (GD) can determine the mechanisms of maintaining autoimmune inflammation in relapse of the disease. The exact role of NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases in the development and maintenance of immune response in GD is still poorly investigated.
AIMS: To study the activity of NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases in lymphocytes of peripheral blood in patients with manifestation and relapse of GD to clarify the mechanisms of development and progression of the autoimmune process.
METHODS: A single-center, cohort, prospective, continuous, observational, open-label, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the lymphocytes NAD(P)-dependent activity in 151 women with GD and hyperthyroidism, mean age 40.713.2, 52 (37.14%), who were on follow-up at the endocrinology center of Krasnoyarsk Regional clinical hospital from 2016 to 2019. The NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases activity measured using biochemiluminescence method.
RESULTS: In patients with newly diagnosed of GD, relative to the control values and levels detected in relapse group we observe the increase of G6PDH and decrease of NADH-LDH. In GD relapse group compare to the control range in blood lymphocytes decreases the activity of LDH and NAD(P)-ICDH. In patients with newly diagnosed GD, two positive сorrelation were found: between fT3 level and MDG activity (r=0.90, p=0.037), and between fT4 level and NAD(P)-ICDH activity (r=0.82, p=0.007). In patients with relapse of GD positive relationships between the concentration of TSH and the activity of LDH (r=0.73, p=0.039), and MDH (r=0.93, p=0.002), as well as in a pair of fT4 and NADGDH (r=0.70, p=0.036) were revealed.
CONCLUSION: The established differences in the activity of NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with manifestation and relapse of GD can reflect in the first case the response of immune cells to a functional-regulatory signal with the development of hyperthyroidism, and in the second case, adaptive changes with the progression of autoimmune process.
COVID-19 pandemic and endocrinopathies
Authors: Mokrysheva Natalia G. , Galstyan Gagik R. , Kirzhakov Michael A. , Eremkina Anna K. , Pigarova Ekaterina A. , Melnichenko Galina A.
Published: May 2020

Many endocrinopathies have chronic course; patients with endocrinopathies (above all diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases) who receive outpatient care on a regular basis amount up to 80% of patients with chronic diseases. Endocrinologists most likely play the role of general practitioners for these patients; therefore, they should quickly and efficiently explain the patients with diabetes, thyroid, hypophysis and adrenal diseases how to behave in new setting of COVID19 pandemic (coronavirus infection). The most severe course of the infection can be observed in patients older than 65 years with chronic diseases, especially endocrinopathies. This review sums up the currently available data on the disease pathogenesis and progression. It also provides information about patient responsibility to prevent infection, special aspects of communication between the patient and the physician in the setting of self-isolation and quarantine, additional care needed in case of COVID19 in patients with most severe endocrinopathies.
Notes from the Editors, May 2020
Authors: The Editors -
Published: May 2020

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In its wider economic, ecological, epidemiological, and public health context, the current COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates the enormous dangers of the metabolic rift in human ecology and epidemiology brought on by capitalist social relations in the age of monopoly-finance capital, global agribusiness, and intricate, globe-spanning supply chains associated with the extreme exploitation and expropriation of both human beings and nature. Neoliberalism, representing the inner logic of capitalism, has left the world vulnerable to catastrophe wherever it has come into play.
Science and Politics
Authors: Rose Hilary , Rose Steven , Bryant Katherine L.
Published: May 2020

Hilary Rose, a sociologist, and Steven Rose, a neuroscientist, were two of the principal founders of the British Society for Social Responsibility in Science in the late 1960s in London. They speak about their work as scientists and antiwar activists, particularly around the issue of Palestinian liberation.
Engels vs. Marx?: Two Hundred Years of Frederick Engels
Authors: Blackledge Paul
Published: May 2020

At the bicentenary of his birth, Frederick Engels's reputation as an original thinker is, among Anglophone academics at least, at its nadir. Despite the recent global economic crisis and associated increases in inequality that have tended to confirm Karl Marx and Engels's general critique of capitalism, Marxism is an optimistic doctrine that has not fared well in a context dominated by working-class retreat and demoralization. But if this context has been unpropitious for Marxism generally, criticisms of Engels's thought have a second, quite separate, source. Over the course of the twentieth century, a growing number of commentators have claimed that Engels fundamentally distorted Marx's thought, and that "Marxism" and especially Stalinism emerged out of this one-sided caricature of Marx's ideas.
It's Still Slavery by Another Name
Authors: Yates Michael D.
Published: May 2020

As the long history, right to the present day, of police and vigilante violence against black people has shown with great clarity, the racial chasm between black and white people in the United States lives on. A few black men and women have climbed into the 1 percent, and a sizable African-American middle class now exists. But by every measure of social well-being, black Americans fare much worse than their white counterparts. Just as for the economic, political, and social distance between capitalists and workers, so too is there a differential between black and white people, for these same interconnected components of daily life continue because of the way our system is structured.
And then, I think about war
Authors: Backiel Linda
Published: May 2020

A new poem by Linda Backiel.
Improving Asphalt Binder’s Elasticity through Controlling the Interaction Parameters between CRM and Asphalt Binder
Authors: Deef-Allah Eslam , Abdelrahman Magdy , Hemida Ahmed
Published: May 2020

Crumb rubber modifier (CRM) is considered one of the most commonly used modifiers that enhances the rheological properties of asphalt binders. Optimizing the interaction process between CRM and asphalt binder to enhance the asphalt binder’s elasticity without additional additives is the main purpose of the article. Rheological properties were measured in this article for neat asphalt and crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) binders. Two sets of interactions were selected. In the first interaction set, one interaction temperature (190°C), one interaction speed (3,000 rpm), and different interaction times (0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h) were used. The used CRM percentage was 10 % by weight of the neat asphalt binder. Two sources of asphalt binder, one source and different percentages of CRM, one interaction temperature (190°C), one interaction speed (3,000 rpm), and different interaction times were selected for the second interaction set. This set was designated to confirm the rheological properties obtained for the first set. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on CRM particles before and after their interaction with asphalt binder after different interaction times. The CRMA binders that interacted for the entire 8-h interaction times had significantly enhanced properties, especially the elasticity, as compared to the neat asphalt binder. The 8-h interaction time showed the highest CRM dissolution percentage by dissolution and TGA testing. At this interaction time, more CRM components were released into the asphalt binder liquid phase, which was detected by observing Fourier-transform infrared peaks at 966 cm−1 for polypropylene and 699 cm−1 for polystyrene.
Análise do Conhecimento Sobre Entomologia Forense dos Profissionais da Segurança Pública das Cidades do Sertão Pernambucano
Authors: Gomes Júnior Plínio Pereira , Barbosa Maria Eugênia Oliveira , Patriota Almery Pereira Ferreira , Lima Maria Andressa Nicácio
Published: May 2020

A entomologia forense usa os insetos como determinantes na elucidação de questões criminais. Evidências de insetos demostram a identidade do cadáver, se o mesmo foi movido para algum local, maus tratos, tráfico de entorpecentes, danos a bens imóveis, contaminação de materiais e produtos estocados, dentre outros. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o conhecimento dos profissionais de segurança pública das cidades do sertão pernambucano de quatro repartições: as Polícias Federal, Civil, Militar e o Corpo de Bombeiros de duas cidades do interior, Salgueiro onde foi realizado o levantamento nas quatro repartições e São José do Egito que restringiu aos profissionais da Civil. Em vista disso, foi possível presumir que esses profissionais não possuem o devido conhecimento necessário na área da entomologia forense, já que esta ciência é imprescindível e que não se detêm apenas aos peritos. Entretanto, essa modalidade de estudo vem crescendo e despertando bastante interesse devido à facilidade na elucidação de questões criminais no âmbito policial.
As principais alterações do Código Florestal Brasileiro
Authors: Rodrigues Ariana do Rosário , Matavelli C J
Published: May 2020

Na década de 1960, com o surgimento dos movimentos ambientalistas, a concepção da relação entre o homem e os recursos naturais – que até o período da sociedade industrial era baseado na ideia da inesgotabilidade dos recursos – passou a ser considerado como um processo que gera, além de matérias primas, benefícios e melhorias para a qualidade de vida do homem. No entanto, no ano 1934 surgiu o primeiro Código Florestal Brasileiro, editado através do Decreto Federal nº 23.793 no governo de Getúlio Vargas, este código foi reformulado em 1965 dando origem a Lei Federal n° 4.771/1965. Em 2012, após acirradas discussões entre ambientalistas e ruralistas, foi editada outra versão do Código Florestal Brasileiro, sob a Lei n. 12.651 de 25 de maio de 2012. A modificação da legislação fragilizou a proteção do meio ambiente, diminuindo o padrão de proteção ambiental proporcionado pela Lei anterior, o que contrariou as obrigações constitucionais impostas ao Poder Público para assegurar a efetividade do direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. As mudanças no Código Florestal Brasileiro deveriam caminhar no sentido de modernizá-lo e aperfeiçoá-lo à luz dos avanços científicos acerca da preservação da natureza, do desenvolvimento sustentável e de ampliação da educação ambiental dos produtores e da população em geral. Mas o que foi aprovado pelo Congresso é um convite à impunidade e representa uma drástica flexibilização da legislação ambiental. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar as recentes alterações do Novo Código Florestal Brasileiro e seus impactos para o meio ambiente e para a sociedade.Palavras-Chave: Código Florestal; Impactos; Meio Ambiente.
Avaliação dos exames toxicológicos referentes a atividade de motoristas profissionais conforme Lei nº 13. 103
Authors: Silveira Rafaela , Domingues Daiane Guedes , Ehrhardt Alexandre
Published: May 2020

O uso de substâncias psicoativas é considerado um importante fator para a ocorrência de acidentes de trânsito. Além do álcool, drogas ilícitas como cocaína, anfetaminas e maconha são utilizadas pelos motoristas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil de uso de substâncias psicoativas por motoristas profissionais. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de caráter documental, por meio de avaliação retrospectiva das planilhas de registro de todos os motoristas que foram submetidos ao exame toxicológico, coletado em um laboratório de análises clínicas na cidade de Ibirubá/RS, no período de Março de 2016 a Outubro de 2017. Dos 980 laudos analisados, 19 (1,94%) apresentaram resultados positivos para uma ou mais drogas pesquisadas e/ou seus metabólitos, dos quais 63% foram resultados positivos para cocaína, 7% para maconha e 30% para opiáceos. O estudo indicou uma prevalência de resultados positivos para cocaína e uma ausência de positividade para compostos anfetamínicos. O exame toxicológico de larga janela de detecção tem com o intuito minimizar os riscos dos motoristas no trânsito, contribuindo assim, para a diminuição do número de acidentes e atos imprudentes.
A visão do perito criminal sobre as causas de um acidente de trabalho
Authors: Cotomacio André Carrara
Published: May 2020

A compreensão de um acidente de trabalho é objeto de estudo da Engenharia de Segurança do Trabalho e, em locais deste tipo, a aplicação de seus conceitos permite que os peritos criminais determinem aspectos cruciais a respeito das causas do sinistro. Contudo, a literatura demonstra a necessidade de quebra do paradigma tradicional que influencia a visão do perito criminal a respeito de suas causas, a qual influencia a conclusão do laudo pericial. Destarte, o presente estudo busca confirmar os resultados apresentados por Vilela, Iguti e Almeida (2004), identificando quais concepções e paradigmas influenciam a visão do perito criminal a respeito do acidente de trabalho no tocante às suas causas. Para o conhecimento direto da realidade de um grupo de pessoas (peritos criminais) acerca do problema estudado (causa de um acidente de trabalho), foi utilizado um web survey  visando o levantamento dos dados quanto ao entendimento da causa do acidente, por parte do perito criminal, devido à “culpa da vítima”, “condição insegura à qual a vítima foi exposta”, ou “ambos os fatores”. Os resultados obtidos corroboram o estudo de Vilela, Iguti e Almeida (2004), demonstrando que, em geral, a concepção de acidente nos laudos periciais é “centrada na pessoa” (culpa da vítima, “ato” ou “comportamento” inseguro), em contraste com a concepção prevencionista de acidente de trabalho, podendo tal entendimento, desta forma, influenciar indevidamente o resultado de uma perícia.
Aplicação do método científico (NFPA 921-2017) em perícias de incêndio - o caso da fábrica de tintas
Authors: Cotomacio André Carrara
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho consiste em um relato de experiência a respeito da utilização do método científico, derivado da norma internacional NFPA 921, quando da realização de perícia de local de incêndio em uma fábrica de tintas. Para tanto, aplicaram-se ao exame pericial as etapas pertinentes ao referido padrão metodológico, o que permitiu a perícia inferir sobre causas do sinistro. No presente relato são discutidos os aspectos práticos observados quando da aplicação do método, ratificando sua importância como um padrão de atuação na realização de exames periciais em locais de incêndio.Palavras-Chave: Incêndio. Tolueno. Engenharia legal. Perícia Criminal. NFPA.
Análise das lesões promovidas por armas de ar comprimido em aves silvestres no nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Luana Thamires Rapôso da , Santos Natalia Costa Teixeira dos , Valença Yuri Machado , Silva Tatiana Clericuzi de Barros e , Silva Nathalia Lígia Gouveia da , Maschka Fábio Guerra , Oliveira Andrea Alice da Fonseca
Published: May 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar os traumas ocasionados por armas de ar comprimido em aves silvestres procedentes do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS-Tangará) localizado em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram analisadas 25 aves silvestres com lesões sugestivas de projétil balístico. As lesões foram fotodocumentadas, caracterizadas externamente de forma comparada à traumatologia humana, quanto ao seu aspecto macroscópico, qualificadas quanto à natureza em leve, grave ou lesão corporal seguida de morte. Das espécies analisadas destacou-se a Rupornis magnirostris, correspondendo a 60% (15/25) das aves. Na caracterização macroscópica das lesões 96% (24/25) das aves apresentavam lesões perfurocontusas compatíveis com projétil balístico, associada a essas foi evidenciada a presença de lesões contusas: hematomas e fraturas em 50% (12/24) das aves analisadas, unicamente hematomas em 29,17% (7/24) e fraturas em 20,83% (5/24). Quanto à natureza das lesões, 48% (12/25) das aves apresentaram lesões classificadas em graves, 44% (11/25) leves e 8% (2/25) em lesão corporal seguida de morte. Em uma avaliação posterior foi constatado o óbito em 56% (14/25) das aves durante ou pós-tratamento e 44% (11/25) receberam alta clínica, porém deste efetivo 36,36% (4/11) apresentaram comprometimento de funções e apenas 28% (7/11) estavam aptas a retornarem a natureza. Projéteis procedentes de armas de ar comprimido promovem em aves, de forma geral, lesões graves que determinam na maioria das vezes o óbito ou mutilação dos animais. O uso dessas armas gera preocupação no que concerne à conservação de espécies silvestres, promovendo perda de biodiversidade, maus tratos e apresentando potencial ofensivo para outros animais, inclusive humanos.
Todo contato deixa uma marca
Authors: Telles Bruno , Dias Filho Claudemir Rodrigues , Gomes Juliano de Andrade , Tocantins Rogério , Bruni Aline , Silva Adelino Pinheiro
Published: May 2020

Profissionais da perícia criminal estão familiarizados com as transferências proporcionadas pelo contato. São as consequências desse Princípio de Locard que fomentam as buscas mais basilares nas Ciências Forenses. Hoje, mais do que nunca, vemos o quanto esse princípio se aplica a outras áreas.
Improving the Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens) in a University Master’s Course
Authors: Prost Stefan , Petersen Malte , Grethlein Martin , Hahn Sarah Joy , Kuschik-Maczollek Nina , Olesiuk Martyna Ewa , Reschke Jan-Olaf , Schmey Tamara Elke , Zimmer Caroline , Gupta Deepak K , Schell Tilman , Coimbra Raphael , De Raad Jordi , Lammers Fritjof , Winter Sven , Janke Axel
Published: May 2020

Ever decreasing costs along with advances in sequencing and library preparation technologies enable even small research groups to generate chromosome-level assemblies today. Here we report the generation of an improved chromosome-level assembly for the Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) that was carried out during a practical university master’s course. The Siamese fighting fish is a popular aquarium fish and an emerging model species for research on aggressive behavior. We updated the current genome assembly by generating a new long-read nanopore-based assembly with subsequent scaffolding to chromosome-level using previously published Hi-C data. The use of ∼35x nanopore-based long-read data sequenced on a MinION platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) allowed us to generate a baseline assembly of only 1,276 contigs with a contig N50 of 2.1 Mbp, and a total length of 441 Mbp. Scaffolding using the Hi-C data resulted in 109 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 20.7 Mbp. More than 99% of the assembly is comprised in 21 scaffolds. The assembly showed the presence of 96.1% complete BUSCO genes from the Actinopterygii dataset indicating a high quality of the assembly. We present an improved full chromosome-level assembly of the Siamese fighting fish generated during a university master’s course. The use of ∼35× long-read nanopore data drastically improved the baseline assembly in terms of continuity. We show that relatively in-expensive high-throughput sequencing technologies such as the long-read MinION sequencing platform can be used in educational settings allowing the students to gain practical skills in modern genomics and generate high quality results that benefit downstream research projects.
The Gene scb-1 Underlies Variation in Caenorhabditis elegans Chemotherapeutic Responses
Authors: Evans Kathryn S , Andersen Erik C
Published: May 2020

Pleiotropy, the concept that a single gene controls multiple distinct traits, is prevalent in most organisms and has broad implications for medicine and agriculture. The identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying pleiotropy has the power to reveal previously unknown biological connections between seemingly unrelated traits. Additionally, the discovery of pleiotropic genes increases our understanding of both genetic and phenotypic complexity by characterizing novel gene functions. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping has been used to identify several pleiotropic regions in many organisms. However, gene knockout studies are needed to eliminate the possibility of tightly linked, non-pleiotropic loci. Here, we use a panel of 296 recombinant inbred advanced intercross lines of Caenorhabditis elegans and a high-throughput fitness assay to identify a single large-effect QTL on the center of chromosome V associated with variation in responses to eight chemotherapeutics. We validate this QTL with near-isogenic lines and pair genome-wide gene expression data with drug response traits to perform mediation analysis, leading to the identification of a pleiotropic candidate gene, scb-1, for some of the eight chemotherapeutics. Using deletion strains created by genome editing, we show that scb-1, which was previously implicated in response to bleomycin, also underlies responses to other double-strand DNA break-inducing chemotherapeutics. This finding provides new evidence for the role of scb-1 in the nematode drug response and highlights the power of mediation analysis to identify causal genes.
Criterios utilizados por profesores de matemáticas para el planteamiento de problemas en el aula
Authors: Pino-Fan Luis R. , Báez-Huaiquián Daniela Ilse , Molina-Cabero Juan G. , Hernández-Arredondo Elizabeth
Published: May 2020

El estudio sobre los problemas que plantean profesores a sus estudiantes y las características que se deben considerar con la finalidad de potenciar sus competencias matemáticas constituye un tema que ha adquirido interés en los últimos años. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los estudios se han abordado desde el punto de vista epistémico, tecnológico o cognitivo, sin considerar efectivamente el quehacer que realizan los profesores habitualmente con respecto a la proposición de problemas para sus clases de matemáticas. En este sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es explorar las concepciones y prácticas pedagógicas de un grupo de docentes en servicio, de enseñanza básica y media del sur de Chile, sobre la selección de problemas de matemáticas para sus clases y los criterios que utilizan para tal selección. El interés de este estudio nace de asumir que, en el salón de clases, los profesores son el vehículo articulador de las políticas educativas; otra motivación surge por los resultados de la investigación en didáctica de la matemática. Con esta finalidad, se implementa un cuestionario, cuyos resultados evidencian que los problemas que eligen los profesores para sus clases son, básicamente, de tres tipos: i) problemas de los libros de texto, internet y otros recursos; ii) problemas que adaptan (variaciones propias) de los libros de texto, internet u otros recursos; y iii) problemas que el mismo docente crea. En cualquier caso, se hace notorio un creciente interés de los profesores por llevar al aula problemas con contextos cercanos a sus estudiantes y que despierten, emocionalmente, el interés. Además, se observó que los criterios utilizados para el planteamiento de problemas en el aula contemplan, implícitamente, los criterios de idoneidad propuestos en el marco del enfoque ontosemiótico del conocimiento y la instrucción matemáticos.
As Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação como um recurso didático no Currículo de Matemática
Authors: Homa-Agostinho Iaqchan Ryokiti , Oliveira–Groenwald Claudia Lisete
Published: May 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisa do projeto Educação Matemática e Tecnologias Digitais, desenvolvida no grupo de pesquisa de Estudos Curriculares de Educação Matemática (GECEM), do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática (PPGECIM), da Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), em Canoas, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Entende-se que as tecnologias alteraram o modo de interação e de pensamento do ser humano em relação ao mundo que o rodeia e neste período de informatização massiva, no qual as atividades têm migrado para o formato digital, a Educação e a Educação Matemática também necessitam se adequar a essa realidade. A pergunta que move as pesquisas ligadas às Tecnologias Digitais do grupo GECEM é: quais as possibilidades didáticas das tecnologias digitais para a Educação Matemática na educação básica e no ensino superior? Levando a análise sobre o potencial pedagógico das tecnologias digitais (computadores, tablets, smartphones, calculadoras) na educação matemática, tanto na educação básica quanto no ensino superior (formação de professores e cursos que utilizam a matemática como suporte na formação profissional). A metodologia utilizada durante a pesquisa foi do tipo exploratória de natureza analítico-descritiva. Foram apresentados um simulador de um braço robótico, um objeto de aprendizagem para visualização da área de triângulos e uma sequência didática com a temática Estatística e Educação Ambiental, cujos resultados, encontrados com a utilização de recursos digitais, foram positivos e demonstram potencial para ser utilizados pelos professores na sala de aula, podendo ser explorados no planejamento didático, tanto na educação básica quanto na formação de professores.
Linfoma no Hodgkin de células grandes “B” en cavidad oral: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Vinitzky Brener Ilan , Traver Méndez Valeria , Carrasco Rueda Carlos A. , Aldape Barrios Beatriz
Published: May 2020

Los linfomas no Hodgkin conforman un grupo de neoplasias malignas de origen linfoide, clasificadas, de acuerdo con su correspondiente estirpe celular, como linfomas de células B o T. En su mayoría, estas entidades, provienen de linfocitos B, siendo el más frecuente el linfoma difuso de células B grandes (DLBCL). En cavidad oral, los linfomas no-Hodgkin tienen una baja incidencia y su pronóstico, evolución clínica y respuesta a los tratamientos, dependen del subtipo presentado. Estas neoplasias pueden desarrollarse en los tejidos blandos de la cavidad oral o de forma central en los maxilares. Se reporta un paciente de 80 años con una lesión correspondiente a linfoma no Hodgkin de células B grandes en cavidad oral, que se trató con quimioterapia y radioterapia, respondiendo favorablemente al tratamiento. Asimismo, con el objetivo de describir este tipo de lesiones poco frecuentes en cavidad oral y de valorar el pronóstico que estas tienen, se realizó una revisión de la literatura. Se concluye que debido a que el pronóstico de este tipo de lesiones depende del subtipo de linfoma no Hodgkin del que se trate y de su localización anatómica resulta muy importante realizar un correcto diagnóstico, de modo que se logre aplicar el tratamiento más adecuado para cada caso.
La auditoría como mejora continua en los Organismos Públicos de Salud del Perú
Authors: Espinoza Valenzuela Alberto Benjamín
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Describir y explicar cómo la auditoría con criterios de mejora continua puede mejorar la gestión de procesos en las entidades del Estado que prestan servicios asistenciales, teniendo como base las recomendaciones que fluyen de los informes de los órganos de control institucional, que conforman el Sistema Nacional de Control, con el propósito de lograr criterios básicos de eficiencia, eficacia, economía y legalidad en las prestaciones de salud que realiza el sector público, representados por el Ministerio de Salud (Minsa) y el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Método: El enfoque del estudio es cuantitativo; el tipo de investigación, descriptivo, correlacional y exploratorio, con diseño transaccional no experimental. Se aplicaron cuestionarios en escala de Likert y en escala dicotómica, cuyo análisis se realizó comparando los procedimientos técnicos de auditoría efectuados en los hospitales de Minsa y Essalud, mediante el análisis de casos, encuestas y entrevistas en dichas entidades de salud. Resultados: La prestación de los servicios asistenciales dependen, de alguna manera, de la implementación de recomendaciones provenientes de los servicios de auditoría efectuados, sin la cual los servicios de prestaciones asistenciales continúan siendo deficientes. Conclusiones: Los sistemas de control interno y auditoría no coadyuvan a la mejora de los sistemas de atención hospitalaria, incrementándose el riesgo que estas deficiencias afecten adversamente al público usuario.
Análisis comparativo del Presupuesto General del Estado y su influencia en la política fiscal en Ecuador, período 2019-2020
Authors: Moyón Sánchez Luis Andrés , Robalino Rivadeneira Guadalupe Alejandra , Gallego Santillán Doris Nataly
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Realizar un análisis comparativo del Presupuesto General del Estado y su influencia en el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de los ecuatorianos en función del gasto público. Método: El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo porque permitió mediante la observación determinar las características de las variables estudiadas y aplicadas, ya que se utilizó el conocimiento para realizar un análisis comparativo cuantitativo y porcentual entre los grupos de ingresos y gastos de los Presupuestos Generales del Estado. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que aplicando una política monetaria restrictiva se ha provocado incremento del desempleo, menor cobertura de servicios sociales y pobreza. Conclusiones: Optimizar el gasto público es posible, pero el camino de la austeridad no puede tener como única vía la reducción de la masa salarial.
Composición de ácidos grasos de extractos etéreos de Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam., Ficus exasperata Vahl., Gossypium herbaceum Linn. y Hilleria latifolia (Lam.) H. Walt
Authors: Oso Babatunde Joseph
Published: May 2020

Actualmente, existe un creciente interés en identificar fuentes alternativas de ácidos grasos debido a la creciente demanda actual de productos botánicos ricos en aceite en aplicaciones industriales. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue identificar las composiciones de ácidos grasos de extractos de éter de hojas secas de Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam., Ficus exasperata Vahl., Gossypium herbaceum Linn. y Hilleria latifolia (Lam.) H. Walt. Los ácidos grasos fueron analizados por cromatografía de gases con detector de ionización de llama. Entre los extractos de éter evaluados, los mayores contenidos de ácidos grasos saturados se encontraron en H. latifolia (27,96%) con presencia principal de ácido esteárico en comparación con el contenido de los ácidos grasos saturados en B. pinnatum (0,53%), F. exasperata (0,04%) y G. herbaceum (0,47%). Igualmente, el resultado mostró que la H. latifolia contenía el mayor porcentaje de ácidos grasos insaturados con presencia predominante de ácido oleico con una cantidad de 41,04%. También se encontró que el ácido linoleico tiene el valor más alto en H. latifolia con una cantidad de 20,41%. Se encontró ácido esteárico, ácido oleico y ácido linoleico en todas las muestras. El extracto de H. latifolia contenía una mezcla saludable de diferentes tipos de ácidos grasos, lo que sugiere que es una fuente probable de ácidos grasos adecuados.
“Garnierite” in weathering crust of ultramafic blocks from Cao Bang area, north Viet Nam
Authors: Dang Pham Thanh , Xuan Pham Tich , Pho Nguyen Van
Published: May 2020

"Garnierite" is an important group of ore minerals in the supergene nickel deposits. Garnierite group minerals are Ni-bearing hydrous magnesium silicate formed due to the lateritic weathering of ultramafic rocks under humid tropical conditions. In the weathering crust on ultra-mafic blocks Ha Tri and Phan Thanh (Cao Bang province), garnierite group minerals have been found in the saprolite zone or as a coating on the surface of the fissures. Analytical results show that garnierite consists of a mixture of three solid solutions: (i) serpentine-like - 7Ao (lizardite-nepouite), (ii) talc-like - 10 Ao (pimelite-willemseite) and (iii) chlorite-like - 14 Ao (clinochlore-minite). EPMA analysis shows that garnierite in Cao Bang area is characterized by high Ni content (25.50-40.06%), low Fe content (0.09-0.9%) and almost no Al (<0.02%), similar to garnierite in the famous nickel mines in New Caledonia, Dominican Republic, etc... Notable, Ni and Mg contents in garnierite show a clear negative correlation, indicating the replacement for each other in the phases. Under the scanning electron microscope (SEM), garnierite has a raspberry shape forming continuous zones covering the unfinished weathered rock surface. These zones represent different stages of garnierite formation. The results of the study allow proposing a model of garnierite formation in the lateritic weathering zone in ultramafic blocks in the Cao Bang area.
Research on the use of calcium carbide residue from the acetylene gas manufacturing factory to produce non-calcined brick
Authors: Duong Nguyen Anh , Anh Phan Luu , Man Tran Thi , Lan Tran Thi
Published: May 2020

In Vietnam, calcium carbide residue (CCR) from the acetylene gas factories are not properly treated, causing serious environmental pollution. Based on mineral composition determined by XRD, calcium carbide residue consisted mainly of portlandite (70-72%), calcite (14-16%), hydrocalumite (6-8%), and chemical composition determined by XRF method composed of CaO (53.02%), LOI (39.72%). This calcium carbide residue can be used as a source of hydrated lime, mixed with fly ash, sand, and cement to produce non-calcined bricks and test results show that brick specimens achieved compressive strength 3.0-7.5 MPa, water absorption 12.3-17.5%, density 1.28-1.80kg/cm3. The test bricks satisfied Vietnamese standards for construction bricks.
Characteristics of top coal fall in front of face support in longwall: A case study
Authors: Le Tien Dung , Vu Dinh Hieu , Nguyen Anh Tuan
Published: May 2020

Top coal fall in front of face support severely affects the safety and productivity in mechanized longwall mining. This paper presents a discontinuous numerical analysis on the important characteristics of the fall such as abutment stress, material failure, and fall mode. A top coal fall model is validated against site observation and past numerical and empirical studies. The numerical results provide further evidence confirming that horizontal stress relaxation, vertical stress concentration, and strength and structure of coal seam control the failure of top coal ahead of support. Top coal fall in longwall mining with large caving height is found in “stress caving” mode or, in other words, “horizontal stress-driven guttering” mechanism. A pre-existing fault running into a mined-out area can facilitate the occurrence of face spall but may not lead to top coal fall.  The results of this study are particularly helpful to engineers in developing proper remedy or prevention solutions to top coal/roof fall incidents.
The controlling of paleo-riverbed migration on Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Trung Dang Tran , Nhan Nguyen Thi , Don Than Van , Hung Nguyen Kim , Kazmierczak Jolanta , Nhan Pham Quy
Published: May 2020

In the Red River Delta, the concentrations of Arsenic in groundwater of alluvial dominated systems are very high, exceeding the WHO’s permissible. The correlation between the Arsenic concentrations in groundwater and the age of Holocene sediment as a key controlling groundwater Arsenic concentration in the Red River delta has been investigated. The evolution of sediments in the Holocene is closely related to paleo-riverbed migration in the past. A combination of methods is implemented including remote sensing, multi-electrode profiling (MEP), gamma-logging, drilling, soil sample and groundwater modeling. The resul has identified the shape, sediment compositions and location of the six paleo-riverbed periods. The age of the paleo-riverbed is determined by drilling, soil sampling and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in the laboratory. The oldest sediments is 5.9±0.4 ka BP in Phung Thuong near the mountain, the youngest one is from 0.4÷0.6 ka BP in H-transect near the Red River and the rest of the other is around 3.5 ka BP. The modeling results by using MODFLOW and MT3D show that the dynamics of paleo-riverbeds controlling Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the Red River Delta. When the river moved to another position, the current river position at that time was filled with younger sediments and became paleo-riverbed formation with reducing conditions, Arsenic content which was adsorbed in the previous stage then released into groundwater. Therefore, Arsenic concentration in groundwater of young Holocene sediments is higher than in older ones which elucidates that paleo-riverbed migration controls on Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the study area.
Effects of hydrodynamical regime on morphological evolution at Cua Dai estuary and coastlines of Quang Nam province
Authors: Dinh Cham Dao
Published: May 2020

In recent years, accretion-erosion processes are frequently recorded in the estuary of Cua Dai, Quang Nam province. Most recently, however, sand bars are formed in the estuary not far from the place where the Inland Waterways Authority of Vietnam had previously dredged. The estuary continues to be accreted by sand. These have been drawing special attention of national and international scientists. While there is accretion at the estuary, eroded processes are strongly recorded along the coastlines of Quang Nam province. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a study in the effects of the hydrodynamic regime on morphological changes in the Cua Dai estuary and coastlines of Quang Nam province. The goal of this paper is to fully interpret the causes, regimes of accretion and erosion processes over the study area. In this study, satellite images and hydrodynamic models of Delft3D and MIKE 11 are applied. The results show a strong accretion process in the estuary of Cua Dai. Sandbar formation across the Cua Dai estuary comes from the interaction of flood, wave, and current conditions during the northeast monsoon. This mainly affects the changes in morphology in the estuary of Cua Dai, Quang Nam.
Heavy metal contamination of soil based on pollution, geo-accumulation indices and enrichment factor in Phan Me coal mine area, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Van , Dao Le Quang , Van Dong Thu , Hoa Pham Lan
Published: May 2020

Soil samples around the Phan Me coal mine area, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam had been analyzed for Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Ni. Single pollution index, geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor have been determined and used for assessing the soil quality. In average by pollution index, the soil heavy metal pollution sequence is Cu(PI=4.2)>Cd(3.5)>Zn(3.1) >Pb(1.7)>Ni(1.3). High concentrations of Cu, Zn and Cd in the soil in the study area are thanks to geo-accumulation and enrichment of the metals in the soil. The soil is from moderately to heavily contaminated by Cu, Zn and Cd: Cu and Zn concentrations are 1.5-2.8 times higher than the ecological risk values, and Cd concentration is about 3.5 times higher than allowable limits. The high concentration of Pb is thanks to moderate geo-accumulation and enrichment of Pb, and the soil mostly has Pb concentration higher than the allowable limit in about 1.7 times. There is a sign that the soil is contaminated by Ni: 22% of the samples have Ni concentration higher than the threshold value, however, the enrichment of Ni is only deficient to minimal. The results of the assessment highlight the need for a comprehensive and detailed study program on heavy metal content in different soil resources in a wider area to identify the magnitude and details of the problem associated with heavy metal contamination for the development of a remediation plan and more effective pollution preventing measures.
Assessment of heavy metal concentrations and its potential eco-toxic effects in soils and sediments in Dong Cao catchment, Northern Vietnam
Authors: Mai Huong , Maeghtb Jean -Luc , Bui Van Hoi , Valentin Christian
Published: May 2020

The environmental risks associated with the concentration of metals in soils and sediments due to their toxicological properties on living organisms are not yet sufficiently studied in North Vietnam. Soil samples and sediments collected from three weirs (W1, W2 and W4) of the Dong Cao catchment (49.7 ha) and from the downstream Cua Khau reservoir (CK) were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations and geochemical parameters. Bioassays were then applied to assess the toxicity of these soils and sediments based on a test of phytotoxicity with garden cress (Lepidium savitum) and the BioTox test for toxicity to bacteria, using Allivibrio fischeri. Metal concentrations in sediments (Cr and Cu) were significantly higher in the Dong Cao catchment (W1 and W4) in comparison with the reservoir area. The toxicity of soils and sediments of W1 and W4 was detected at a low level by the two bioassay tests. Inhibition of light emission by Allivibrio fischeri was slightly reduced for soils and sediments of W1 and W4 after 15-min of the contact. Similarly, this slight impact has been reflected in the growth and seed germination of Lepidium savitum in the sediment samples collected from the weirs of Dong Cao catchment. The major pollutant metals were Cr, Cu and Zn. Cr contamination is undoubtedly derived from rocks whereas Cu and Zn are most likely associated with human activities (local agricultural inputs and atmospheric fallout).
PEFI algal flora: a half-century of investigation
Authors: Bicudo Carlos E. de M.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT (PEFI algal flora: a half-century of investigation) The survey of the algal flora of the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI) started in 1962, with the disclosure of occurrence of 17 desmid species, collected from the São Paulo Botanical Gardens hydrophytoterium. However, in an organized way, it took place only 28 years later, in 1990, with the conception of the “Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga Cryptogamic flora”. The flora is essentially based on material gathered from the plankton, periphyton and surface sediments of the PEFI water bodies, and also included samples from trees barks, rocks, and soil. Forty-two fascicles of the algal flora have already been published, revealing 869 taxa including species, varieties and taxonomic formae. It is estimated that 95% of the local algal flora have already been surveyed and that its conclusion will be reached by the end of the year 2020.
Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. to combat the biofilm-dependents diseases in vitro
Authors: Sette-de-Souza Pedro , Santana Cleildo Pereira de , Sousa Ilza Maria de Oliveira , Foglio Mary Ann , Medeiros Francinalva Dantas , Medeiros Ana Cláudia Dantas de
Published: May 2020

Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most prevalent of the biofilm-dependent diseases. With numerous side effects on the use of chlorhexidine, the search for new safe therapeutic alternatives for microorganisms involved with these diseases increases every day. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of extracts made from the bark of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. against five oral microorganisms and analyze their phytochemical and thermal degradation profile. The liquid-liquid partition was performed with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The identification and quantification of the chemical marker was done. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentration. The cytotoxicity was analyzed based on the hemolysing potential of the samples. The thermal degradation profile was performed by two different methods. Gallic acid was identified as the main compound of the samples and showed the highest amount in the chloroform fraction. All samples were able to inhibit the growth of the microorganisms tested and showed no cytotoxicity. The ethanol extract absorbs less heat than the fractions. All samples exhibited exothermic peak consistent with degradation of gallic acid. Based on the results, the samples used are potential candidates for use in dental formulations for biofilm control.