bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical method of determining conditions for full compensation of reactive power in the power supply system
Authors: Yagup V. G. , Yagup K. V.
Published: February 2024

Goal. The purpose of the article is the development of an analytical method for determining the conditions for achieving full compensation in the generalized power supply system based on the use of substitute circuits, which are obtained using equivalent transformations of the topology of the original circuit. Methodology. The article proposes a methodology for replacing series reactive power compensation in high-voltage paths of the power supply system with parallel reactive power compensation in a low-voltage load node. Results. An algorithm for successive transformations of the power supply circuit has been developed, which makes it possible to estimate the values of the capacitances of compensating capacitors, at which full compensation of reactive power in the system is achieved. Originality. The proposed analytical method for calculating the parameters of the compensation unit makes it possible to dispense with complex optimization computer methods and makes it possible to estimate the compensation capacities that fall on the share of the load and the network. Practical value. The proposed technique allows, using a simple algorithm, to determine with high accuracy the necessary parameters of the compensating device, which provide the optimal mode in the power supply system. The proposed algorithm can easily be implemented in a microcontroller system for automatic control of the modes of the power supply system.
Studi Literatur: Pemilihan Media Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Cahyani Adinda , Meiliasari Meiliasari , Rahayu Wahdani , Hidajat Flavia Aurelia
Published: February 2024

Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan pembelajaran matematika adalah media pembelajaran yang digunakan. Media pembelajaran dapat membantu siswa untuk membuat matematika abstrak menjadi dapat dipahami oleh siswa. Selain media, pembelajaran bermakna merupakan pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan kognitif siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mendokumentasikan dan mereview semua artikel yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan matematika dari tahun 2010 hingga 2020. Sebanyak 20 artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional terakreditasi digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yang diperoleh dari Google Scholar, Research Gate, SINTA, Scopus, dan Taylor & Francis. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa media pembelajaran dapat membantu siswa untuk membuat matematika yang abstrak menjadi lebih konkret. Selain itu, pembelajaran yang bermakna adalah pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan kognitif siswa. Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tingkat kognitif siswa SMA menjadi salah satu alternatif pembelajaran matematika, seperti penggunaan multimedia interaktif, media interaktif edpuzzle, serta penggunaan media pembelajaran geogebra untuk membantu konsep abstrak menjadi konkret sehingga dipahami oleh siswa. Diharapkan guru dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran memanfaatkan dan menggunakan media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika.
Penelitian Literasi Matematis di Sekolah: Pengertian dan Kesulitan-Kesulitan Siswa
Authors: Zahrah Media
Published: February 2024

Salah satu kemampuan yang sangat penting untuk diperhatikan dalam pembelajaran matematika adalah kemampuan literasi matematis siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengertian kemampuan literasi matematis dan kesulitan-kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah literasi matematis siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, dengan mendeskripsikan hasil kajian pustaka dari sekurang-kurangnya 25 artikel yang relevan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Definisi literasi matematis pada OECD berfokus bukan hanya pada penerapan prinsip-prinsip dasar dan prosedur standar tetapi juga melibatkan proses mental atau fungsi kognitif melalui, perumusan, penerapan, kesimpulan dan interpretasi matematika yang melibatkan konteks dalam memecahkan masalah situasi dunia nyata dalam kehidupan individu, pekerjaan, sosial untuk menjadi warga negara yang konstruktif, peduli, dan reflektif untuk masa kini dan nanti; dan kesulitan yang dialami oleh siswa pada kemampuan literasi matematis yaitu kemampuan siswa masih di bawah level 2 pada soal PISA, kemampuan matematika, kesulitan dalam soal pemecahan masalah matematis, anggapan peserta didik bahwa matematika itu sulit sehingga tidak dapat mengerjakan dengan baik, dan siswa belum terbiasa dengan soal-soal yang membutuhkan pemikiran logis, kritis, dan solusi yang aplikatif.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif di Indonesia : Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Authors: Utomo Aji Singgih , Aziz Tian Abdul , Hidajat Flavia Aurelia
Published: February 2024

Berpikir kreatif menjadi salah satu kemampuan HOT yang dituntut untuk dimiliki oleh siswa di Indonesia. Realita dilapangan menyatakan bahwa tidak sedikit siswa yang kemampuan berpikir kreatifnya tidak di asah pada pembelajaran matematika di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep dari berpikir kreatif dan penerapan kemampuan berpikir kreatif di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Dari 18 artikel yang didapatkan dan ditelaah menyatakan bahwa berpikir kreatif merupakan kemampuan seseorang untuk dalam memperoleh berbagai ide atau gagasan yang baru dan orisinal untuk mencari solusi dari permasalahan sehingga memperoleh beberapa jawaban alternatif lainnya. Kecenderungan penelitian di Indonesia yang terfokus pada berpikir kreatif menggunakan pendekatan open ended.
Pengembangan E-learning untuk Meningkatkan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika
Authors: RA Seravika Primasari  , Meiliasari Meiliasari
Published: February 2024

Literatur ini membahas pengembangan E-learning yang disesuaikan untuk pendidikan matematika, dengan fokus khusus pada peningkatan keterampilan pemecahan masalah. Studi ini mengkaji berbagai jenis alat E-learning, termasuk situs web, e-modul, dan aplikasi Android. Dengan mengintegrasikan teknologi inovatif ke dalam pendidikan matematika, tinjauan ini menekankan peran penting E-learning dalam memfasilitasi pengalaman belajar interaktif dan meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan modul E-learning yang efektif dan menarik, peningkatan kemampuan matematika siswa, dan pengembangan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang strategi pemecahan masalah. Melalui analisis komprehensif terhadap berbagai pendekatan E-learning, tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan memberikan wawasan berharga dalam dunia pendidikan advanced, menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih berdaya guna bagi para siswa matematika.
Analysis of vegetation as terrain : the “how” and “why” of US Army doctrine
Authors: Powell W. , Beane Nathan , Blanchard Matthew
Published: February 2024

There is a significant knowledge gap for Army doctrine concerning civilian research scientists. A relatively small number of soldiers make the transition from warfighter to research and development at the basic and applied levels. That number is even less when considering former warfighters that have applied Army doctrine in an operational or advanced Army schooling environment. This special report is intended to focus solely on the Army’s current capabilities and doctrinally defined processes to analyze vegetation as an essential component of the natural terrain. The objective of this report is to review current Army doctrine related to analysis of the vegetated terrain; to explore currently leveraged tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs); and identify valuable geospatial resources as they apply to military planning. For ease to readers unfamiliar with US Army doctrine, much of the referenced material is directly presented herein as tables and figures throughout the document and appendices (e.g., data sources, product examples, and glossary).
Musculoskeletal Injury in Australian Professional Musical Theatre Shows: A 5-Year Retrospective Observation Study of 2,249 Medical Attention Injuries
Authors: Ganderton Charlotte , Strauch Annie , Etty-Leal Catherine , Pranata Adrian
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency and trends of musculoskeletal medical attention injuries occurring in Australian professional musical theatre performers over two consecutive Australian city tours. METHODS: Medical attention performance-related injuries were prospectively reported
from 269 professional Australian music theatre performers across nine professional music theatre productions from 2015 to 2020. Medical attention injuries were defined as a presentation to physiotherapy for assessment or treatment of a body region that may or may not have resulted in time
lost on stage. RESULTS: 844 injuries were reported in City 1 and 776 injuries were reported in the City 2. The proportion of performers reporting injuries in City 1 ranged from 39.5% to 96.4% and in City 2, from 15.4% to 92.9%. Cervical spine injuries (ncity1 = 194, ncity2 = 187) were the
most prevalent musculoskeletal presentation to physiotherapy followed by lumbar spine (ncity1 = 124, ncity2 = 117) and thoracic spine (ncity1 = 124, ncity2 = 90). There were more acute injuries reported in City 1 than City 2 (adj residuals = –4.09, p < 0.001) and more persistent injuries
in City 2 (adj residuals = 4.09, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Almost half of all injuries requiring medical attention in Australian professional music theatre performers were related to the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine, with an increasing trend of cervical spine injury frequency across
show durations. The study suggests a need for targeted injury prevention strategies in this population.
The Role of Islamic Financial Institutions in Supporting Halal MSMEs in Indonesia: Literature and Academic Perspectives
Authors: Soemitra Andri , Mahendra Opi Chanty
Published: February 2024

Halal micro and small businesses are a very potential market segment to support Indonesia's target as the world's halal centre. Several studies have reviewed various efforts to increase the potential of halal micro and small businesses including examining the role of Islamic financial institutions as a supporting industry. However, so far no one has comprehensively reviewed how Islamic financial institutions can play a more optimal role in supporting the development of halal micro and small businesses in Indonesia. This research design uses a qualitative research approach by conducting a literature study of 16 Sinta indexed papers that are relevant to the research question. The research continued with interviews with Islamic economists who are lecturers of Islamic Economics in North Sumatra. The results of this study indicate that there are some scenarios for developing the halal industry in the MSME sector in Indonesia through the role of Islamic financial institutions, namely Islamic banking, sharia cooperatives, financial technology, and Islamic social financial institutions
The Role Micro Funding and Family Funding on Wealfare Salt Farmer in Madura
Authors: Purnomo Arie Setyo Dwi , Kurniawan Moh. Zaki
Published: February 2024

Basically, financial institutions in the form of microfinance institutions (MFIs) are needed to support rural economic development, especially as institutions to facilitate the costs of salt farming businesses. This is because most farmers face technology adoption due to weak capital. This condition occurs in salt farmers, Kalianget District, Sumenep Regency. This study aims to determine the concept of salt business. factors that affect the productivity of salt business, and the role of microfinance in salt farming. The study was conducted in the paper village with the aim of purposive sampling with a total of 40 samples. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using the R/C and Cobb-Douglass functions. The results showed that salt farmers were profitable with an R/C value 1, salt production had a significant effect on labour, weather and family resources
Development of Human Resources in the Field of Halal Tourism in the Era of Disruption
Authors: Soehardi Dwi Vita Lestari
Published: February 2024

Human resources have an important role in achieving organizational goals. Its management has a direct impact, including in the field of halal tourism. This study discusses the development of human resources in the face of the era of disruption. Especially in the halal tourism sector which is now trying to rise from the impact of Covid 19. This research method is descriptive-qualitative with the concept of Human Resource Management and the concept of Halal Tourism. The results of this study indicate that there are great opportunities in the field of halal tourism. Human Resource Development in facing the era of disruption can be done by implementing managerial functions, namely four steps: 1) Planning, determining the direction of innovation in halal tourism development; 2) Organizing, determining the division of labor; 3) Briefing, create communities to collaborate and socialize the regulations that have been made; and 4) Control, supervision from related institutions of the halal tourism development process
STRENGTHENING HALAL LITERACY: PARTICIPATORY OBSERVATION AT PESANTREN ALHAMDULILLAH BOJONEGORO
Authors: Ayu Ratna Dewi Dyah , Widitya Qomaro Galuh , Nasrulloh Nasrulloh
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is currently concerned about halal lifestyle, including halal consumption and production. In fact, the younger generation doesn't really understand the context of halal and its application in everyday life. Indonesia faces several problems related to halal literacy, including: lack of understanding of the halal concept, limited access to information, limited choices of halal products, and lack of halal law enforcement. Even though there are laws and regulations related to halal, enforcement of halal law is sometimes still weak. There are no universal standards for halal label. There are even products with fake halal label. This is a qualitative research using participatory observation method which involves: prelementary observation, participation, observation, reflection, analysis and interpretation. The research location is at Pesantren Alhamdulillah Bojonegoro. The subject of research is 70 santri at Pesantren Alhamdulillah Bojonegoro. Increasing halal literacy in educational institutions within Pesantren can be carried out by several methods, including: integrating halal education in the curriculum, training for teachers and santri, encouraging collaboration, implementing halal practices in everyday life, holding halal education activities. Pesantren play an important role in increasing halal literacy in society. Pesantren are able to provide a deep understanding of the concept of halal through education and teaching, includes understanding the aspects of religion, health, and food safety. Pesantren can utilize digital platforms to provide accurate information about halal. Products circulating in Pesantren must be halal certified.
THE CONCEPT OF HALAL FOOD BASED ON ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hakim Lubis Andi , Muazzul Muazzul
Published: February 2024

One of the primary needs of humans in carrying out their life activities is to consume food. In the Islamic law perspective, the issue of consuming halal food is an important and inseparable tool in the life of Muslims. The effect of consuming halal food is actually linear on the formation of behavior and the formation of noble and commendable morals (ahlakul karimah). This is an important indicator that influences individual behavior, because for Muslims halal food is not just a matter of meeting physical needs, but spiritual needs that are absolutely fulfilled. Because of the importance of the issue of halal food in Islam, it is necessary to see how Islamic law views the concept of halal food itself. This study used a qualitative approach, which describes and analyzes how Islamic law views the halal industry and its development in people's lives globally. Islamic law views consuming halal food as an obligation that must be followed by its followers. Because the command to consume halal food is mentioned in the Al-Quran and Hadith as well as the opinion of the Ulama which is a source of Islamic law. In addition to being halal, the food consumed must also be thayyib, which is beneficial for the body and does not conflict with the commands of Allah SWT.
THE POTENTIAL OF THE MUSYARAKAH MUTANAQISHAH AGREEMENT AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR DEVELOPING THE MADURA HALAL TOURISM OBJECT AREA THROUGH AN INFRASTRUCTURE APPROACH
Authors: Jannah Zahratun , Nasrulloh Nasrulloh
Published: February 2024

Musyarakah Mutanaqishah is a form of cooperation between two or more parties forownership of an item or asset. Even though the capabilities and technicalities ofmusyarakah mutanaqishah have been stated in the DSN-MUI fatwa Number 73 of 2008,in practice this contract is still not widely used. This agreement is used as an alternativefor developing halal tourist attractions in Madura through an infrastructure approach.Based on this, the objectives of this research are (1) To examine the potential of themusyarakah mutanaqishah contract in supporting the development of halal touristattractions (2) To provide a general description of the development of Madura touristattractions through an infrastructure approach using the musyarakah mutanaqishahcontract. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method which aims todescribe the condition of the subject and research object. The data collection techniquesused by researchers in this research were conducting interviews and documentation.Then the results of the interviews and documentation were imported using the NVIVOapplication to get more measurable results. The research results obtained: (1) Access tohalal tourism development which includes the construction of railway infrastructure isin the less productive category because the existing route has become a public facility.(2) The potential of the Mutanaqishah Musyarakah Agreement as an alternative fordeveloping halal tourism with infrastructure development in the Madura region is veryimpactful and less significant. It is hoped that this research will be able to develop touristtransportation access in the Madura area.Keywords: Musyarakah Mutanaqishah, Halal Tourism, Infrastructure.
Estrés percibido como predictor del consumo de tabaco en hombres y mujeres
Authors: Valdez-Piña Eréndira , Lira-Mandujano Jennifer , Cruz-Morales Sara Eugenia , Veytia-López Marcela
Published: February 2024

El estrés percibido se ha relacionado con el consumo de tabaco y se ha observado que las mujeres pueden ser más susceptibles a esto. Sin embargo, a pesar de que las mujeres pueden presentar mayor nivel de estrés y los hombres un mayor consumo de tabaco, la asociación entre el estrés percibido y el consumo de tabaco es diferente entre hombres y mujeres. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el nivel predictivo del estrés percibido sobre el consumo de tabaco en hombres y mujeres interesados en dejar de fumar. Participaron 58 personas (31 mujeres y 27 hombres) fumadoras a las que se evaluó el patrón de consumo, su historia de consumo y el estrés percibido. Los resultados mostraron que únicamente en las mujeres el estrés percibido predice el patrón de consumo (F (1)= 4.353, p = .046) y la dependencia a la nicotina (F (1)= 6.498, p = .016). Estos resultados señalan la importancia de implementar componentes para el manejo del estrés en las intervenciones para dejar de fumar, y sobre todo en mujeres con la finalidad de mantener la abstinencia y tener tratamientos más exitosos.
Patrones de consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios mediante el análisis de clases latentes. Una revisión necesaria
Authors: O'Ferrall-González Cristina , González-Caballero Juan Luis , Álvarez-Gálvez Javier , García-Carretero Miguel Ángel , Lagares-Franco Carolina
Published: February 2024

Introducción: los estudios sobre patrones de consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios suelen utilizar un solo instrumento para clasificarlos, lo que condiciona las prácticas preventivas y las intervenciones breves. El objeti-vo de esta investigación es identificar los patrones de consumo de alcohol integrando la información proporcionada simultáneamente por varios instrumentos de detección precoz. Método: AUDIT y Diario de consumo semanal, recomendados por la OMS para el cribado de problemas por con-sumo de alcohol, y el cuestionario DAST-10 para drogas, se aplicaron a una muestra representativa de 1309 univer-sitarios; la estadística aplicada fue el análisis de clases latentes, que identifica subgrupos de individuos dentro de poblaciones heterogéneas a partir de datos multivariados.Resultados: se identificaron tres clases latentes o patrones de consumo de alcohol: bajo (75,2%); de fin de semana (18%); y elevado con probable dependencia (6,7%). El principal hallazgo es que el consumo de drogas y los episo-dios de “binge drinking” aparecen en todas las categorías de bebedores, incluso en la tradicionalmente considerada como de bajo riesgo o no problemático. Conclusiones: los patrones encontrados con el análisis de clases latentes evidencian la necesidad de adaptar los programas de prevención, y de manera especial en los consumos bajos.
Esquemas disfuncionales tempranos, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y reincidencia delictiva en adolescentes en conflicto con la ley penal
Authors: Malacas-Bautista Carlos Alexander , Cueva Antony Yosetp , Salinas Fernando Ángel
Published: February 2024

Introducción. Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar cuáles son los esquemas disfuncionales tempranos (EDT) que predicen el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) y la reincidencia delictiva en adolescentes infrac-tores de los Centros Juveniles (CJ) de Perú. Método. Se empleó un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal y descriptivo; asimismo, se utilizó el Cuestionario de Esquemas de Young- versión reducida (YSQ-SF). La muestra estuvo conformada por 388 adolescentes infractores de ambos sexos (H=316 y M=72), pertenecientes al CJ-L (260), CJ-A (56) y CJ-SM (72). Resultados. Existe una asociación significativa entre la variable “Consumo de SPA” y 05 EDT, encontrándose que los adolescentes con los EDT de abandono, desconfianza, privación emocional, dependencia y autocontrol insuficiente/impulsividad tienen 2.55, 2.18, 2.46, 3.44 y 1.93, más probabilidades de consumir SPA, res-pectivamente. Finalmente, se encontró una asociación significativa entre la variable “Reincidencia” y 03 EDT, encon-trándose que los adolescentes con los EDT de privación emocional, autocontrol insuficiente y subyugación tienen 1.74, 2.00 y 1.72, más probabilidades de reincidir delictivamente, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Estos resultados sobre la influencia de los EDT en el consumo de SPA y la reincidencia delictiva podrían potenciar el tratamiento de los adolescentes infractores internados en los CJ, dado que guarda mucha relación con uno de los modelos que actualmente mejor explica la adquisición y el mantenimiento de la conducta delictiva a través de tres principios: Riesgo-Necesidad-Respuesta (RNR).
As categorias do verbo latino segundo o jurista Sexto Pompônio (século II d.C.)
Authors: Aubert Eduardo Henrik
Published: February 2024

Este artigo investiga um conjunto de textos do jurista latino Sexto Pompônio (II d.C.) em que, para responder a questões jurídicas concretas, o autor desenvolve considerações de ordem linguística, examinando de perto as categorias morfossintáticas e semânticas do verbo latino. Mais especificamente, o texto se preocupa em compreender como Pompônio concebe as categorias de aspecto, modo e tempo, no que constitui o único conjunto estruturado de observações de um autor latino antigo sobre a língua técnica do direito. Em duas breves seções, examinam-se ainda a expressão da condição em Pompônio e uma particularidade de seu uso linguístico na formação das passivas perifrásticas latinas.
Multimodal beneficial effects of BNN27, a Nerve Growth Factor synthetic mimetic, in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Charalampopoulos Ioannis , Kokkali Maria , Karali Kanelina , Thanou Evangelia , Papadopoulou Maria , Zota Ioanna , Tsimpolis Alexandros , Efstathopoulos Paschalis , Calogeropoulou Theodora , Li Ka Wan , Sidiropoulou Kyriaki , Gravanis Achille
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is an incurable and debilitating progressive, neurodegenerative disorder which is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Neuropathologically, AD is characterized by the accumulation of Aβ amyloid plaques in the microenvironment of brain cells and neurovascular walls, chronic neuroinflammation, resulting in neuronal and synaptic loss, myelin and axonal failure, as well as significant reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. The hippocampal formation is particularly vulnerable to this degenerative process, due to early dysfunction of the cholinergic circuit. Neurotrophic factors consist major regulatory molecules and their decline in AD is considered as an important cause of disease onset and progression. Novel pharmacological approaches are targeting the downstream pathways controlled by neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors, TrkA and p75NTR, which enhance hippocampal neurogenic capacity and neuroprotective mechanisms, and potentially counteract the neurotoxic effects of amyloid deposition. BNN27 is a non-toxic, newly developed 17-spiro-steroid analog, penetrating the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and mimicking the neuroprotective effects of NGF, acting as selective activator of its receptors, both TrkA and p75NTR, thus promoting survival of various neuronal cell types. Our present research aims at determining whether and which aspects of the AD-related pathology, BNN27 is able to alleviate, exploring the cellular and molecular AD components and link these changes with improvements in the cognitive performance of an animal AD model, the 5xFAD mice. Our results clearly indicate that BNN27 administration significantly reduced amyloid-β load in whole brain of the animals, enhanced adult hippocampal neurogenesis, restored cholinergic function and synaptogenesis, reducing inflammatory activation and leading to significant restoration of cognitive functions. BNN27 may represent a new lead multimodal molecule with neuroprotective, neurogenic and anti-neuroinflammatory actions for developing druggable anti-Alzheimeric agents. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD044699.
Slow parasite clearance, absent K13 gene polymorphisms and observation of amino-acids silent mutations among malaria non-responsive patients: A case study of Kisii County, Kenya.
Authors: BWOGO PACIFICA chepchumba , Mong’are Samuel , Masai Rael , Matoke-muhia Damaris
Published: February 2024

Malaria poses a substantial global health challenge, with the majority of instances concentrated in countries within Sub-Saharan Africa. A variety of antimalarial medications have been created to address the widespread occurrence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Since 2004, Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) has been the primary treatment for uncomplicated malaria in Kenya. Nevertheless, there is a rising concern attributable to the increasing reports of ACT resistance, particularly in Southeast Asia, and its extension into Africa. In particular, mutations in the Kelch propeller domain on chromosome 13 (Pfk13) have been associated with resistance to ACT. However, our comprehension of mutation prevalence in Africa remains mostly unexplored, especially as slow parasite clearance becomes increasingly prevalent. In this study, we assess polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum Kelch13 propeller gene among malaria non-responsive patients who attended selected hospitals in endemic regions of Kisii County, Kenya. The research found out that all participants experiencing delayed parasite clearance had low parasitemia levels (< 500) after completing the full dose of the ACT drug, as opposed to their parasitemia levels before taking the ACT drugs. The parasite density for all participants in the study who experienced delayed parasite clearance on the first day before taking the ACT drug showed a high mean ± SE of 13951.9 ± 3564.72. In contrast, during the third-day visit, the mean was notably lower at 327.90 ± 41.11, coinciding with their claim of not responding to the drug. Upon sequencing the K13-propeller gene of the isolates and conducting a search for synonymous and non-synonymous mutations in the propeller region of K13, no polymorphism was observed. Surprisingly, upon further investigation into the amino acids of the isolated samples, silent mutations were observed. Continued global surveillance of artemisinin resistance remains crucial, and our findings offer insights into the possible dissemination of resistant parasites in East Africa. These findings suggest that the detection of silent mutations particularly those associated with delayed parasite clearance following ACT, may imply a gradual emergence of ACT-resistant parasites. This warrants additional investigation through in-vitro assays to determine the functional significance of these findings.
The impact of steatotic liver disease on coronary artery disease through changes in the plasma lipidome
Authors: Björnson Elias , Samaras Dimitrios , Levin Malin , Bäckhed Fredrik , Bergström Göran , Gummesson Anders
Published: February 2024

Steatotic liver disease has been shown to associate with cardiovascular disease independently of other risk factors. Lipoproteins have been shown to mediate some of this relationship but there remains unexplained variance. Here we investigate the plasma lipidomic changes associated with liver steatosis and the mediating effect of these lipids on coronary artery disease (CAD). In a population of 2579 Swedish participants of ages 50 to 65 years, lipids were measured by mass spectrometry, liver fat was measured using computed tomography (CT), and CAD status was defined as the presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC score > 0). Lipids associated with liver steatosis and CAD were identified and their mediating effects between the two conditions were investigated. Out of 458 lipids, 284 were found to associate with liver steatosis and 19 of them were found to also associate with CAD. Two fatty acids, docosatrienoate (22:3n6) and 2-hydroxyarachidate, presented the highest mediating effect between steatotic liver disease and CAD. Other mediators were also identified among sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids, although their mediating effects were attenuated when adjusting for circulating lipoproteins. Further research should investigate the role of docosatrienoate (22:3n6) and 2-hydroxyarachidate as mediators between steatotic liver disease and CAD alongside known risk factors.
Severity Predictors for Multisystemic Inflammatory in Children after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Prospective Observational Study from Vietnam
Authors: Tran Dien. M. , Pham Dem. V. , Cao Tung. V. , Hoang Canh. N. , Nguyen Ha. T. , Nguyen Giang. D. , Le Cuong. N. , Thieu Quan. Q. , Ta Tuan. A. , Dau Hung. V. , Le Chi. Q. , Le Quang. H. , Luong Nghiem. T. , Tran Mai. T. , Nguyen Phu. H. , Nguyen Nhung. T. , Phan Phuc. H.
Published: February 2024

Multisystemic inflammatory in children (MIS-C) might manifest in a broad spectrum of clinical scenarios, ranging from mild features to multi-organ dysfunction and mortality. However, this novel entity has a heterogenicity of data regarding prognostic factors associated with severe outcomes. The present study aimed to identify independent predictors for severity by using multivariate regression models. A total of 391 patients (255 boys and 136 girls) were admitted to Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023. The median age was 85 (range: 2–188) months, and only 12 (3.1%) patients had comorbidities. 161 (31.5%) patients required PICU admission, and the median PICU LOS was 4 (2–7) days. We observed independent factors related to PICU admission, including CRP \(\ge\)50 (mg/L) (OR = 2.52, 95%CI;1.39–4.56, p = 0.002), albumin \(\le\)30 (g/L) (OR = 3.18, 95%CI;1.63–6.02, p = 0.001), absolute lymphocyte count \(\le\)2 (×109/L) (OR = 2.18, 95%CI;1.29–3.71, p = 0.004), ferritin ≥300 (ng/mL) (OR = 2.35, 95%CI;1.38–4.01), p = 0.002), and LVEF < 60 (%) (OR = 2.48, 95%CI;1.28–4.78, p = 0.007). Shock developed in 140 (35.8%) patients, especially for those decreased absolute lymphocyte \(\le\)2 (×109/L) (OR = 2.48, 95%CI;1.10–5.61, p = 0.029), albumin \(\le\)30 (g/L) (OR = 2.53, 95%CI;1.22–5.24, p = 0.013), or LVEF <60 (%) (OR = 2.24, 95%CI;1.12–4.51, p = 0.022). In conclusion, our study emphasized that absolute lymphocyte count, serum albumin, CRP, and LVEF were independent predictors for MIS-C severity, which required further well-designed investigations on validation. As MIS-C is a new entity and severe courses may progress aggressively, the identification of high-risk patients optimizes clinicians' follow-up and management to improve disease outcomes.
Exploring the mechanism of Radix pseudostellariae in the treatment of chronic gastritis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques
Authors: Li Yuan , Chen Shunhuan , Zhai Dongyan , Tan Yong , Tang Xiaoke , Li Lailai
Published: February 2024

Radix pseudostellariae (RP) has been used for the treatment of various diseases, including gastric disorders such as Chronic gastritis (CG), However, the multi-targeting mechanism of RP on CG still needs to be clarified. Drug targets were established through TCMSP, PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction online database. GeneCards database was used to search for chronic gastritis related targets. Cytoscape was utilized to construct the "drug-active ingredient-target" network relationship diagram. Venny plots of drug targets and disease targets were obtained from online software to get the intersecting genes, and the coincidence targets were imported into STRING database to construct a PPI network. The intersecting targets were subjected to pathway enrichment analysis KEGG and GO functional enrichment analysis with the help of the DAVID database. Molecular docking was performed by Autodocktools software and then visualized by PYMOL. 8 active ingredients and 117 action targets were obtained for Radix Pseudostellariae, 758 action targets for chronic gastritis disease, 31 intersecting targets for Radix Pseudostellariae in chronic gastritis were obtained. PPI network analysis showed that the core targets of the drug affecting chronic gastritis were TNF, MMP9, AKT1, etc. The molecular docking validation results showed good binding of core components and core targets.
Comparison of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Testing “Ion Torrent Genexus Sequencer” with FoundationOne
Authors: Fujiyoshi Kenji , Sugihara Rie , Miyamoto Naoki , Watanabe Yoriko , Sudo Tomoya , Numata Sanae , Akiba Jun , Abe Hideyuki , Ichinose Yuka , Inoue Kenji , Ozono Shuichi , Okabe Yoshinobu , Ono Takeharu , Orioka Kentaro , Kashihara Masaki , Kajiwara Ryousuke , Kawano Hiroyuki , Kawahara Akihiko , Takase Ryuta , Toh Uhi , Hashimoto Kazuaki , Hisaka Toru , Hirai Shingo , Mitsuoka Masahiro , Miyazaki Daiki , Yoshitomi Fumi , Yamamoto Ken , Umeno Hirohito , Nomura Masahisa , Naito Yoshiki
Published: February 2024

Background
Molecular diagnostic tests are becoming increasingly routine, and the use of tissue- and blood-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) is integral to the delivery of personalized medicine for targeted cancer therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the variant concordance for somatic variants using two clinical NGS systems for conducting both tissue- and blood-based analyses: Genexus-OCA v3 (OCA) vs. FoundationOne CDx (F1) for tissues and Genexus OPA (OPA) vs. FoundationOne CDx Liquid (F1L) for blood.
Methods
The concordance of genomic alterations between the two NGS analyses was compared in six patients with breast, head, and neck cancers using tissue and circulating tumor DNA biopsies.
Results
A total of 130 genes were common between F1 and OCA, and 41 between F1L and OPA. When comparing FoundationOne to Genexus for common genes, the sensitivity and specificity of OCA and OPA were 55% and 99%, respectively. Nine single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), one copy number alteration (CNA), and one fusion were detected by both Genexus and FoundationOne. However, one SNV (MAP2K1 F53V), two CNAs (AKT3 and MYC), and one fusion (ESR-CCDC170) were detected only in Genexus, whereas two SNVs (TP53 Q331* and KRAS G12V) were detected only in FoundationOne.
Conclusion
The two cancer genome panels were equivalent but not perfect in terms of the detection of variants using tissue and blood, indicating that different assays and analytical methods may have influenced the results. When performing comprehensive genomic profilings (CGPs), it is important to consider the characteristics of each NGS-based CGP test and the genetic variants associated with each disease.
Secondary bladder cancers after radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Terao Hideyuki , Nagasaka Hirotaka , Yamamoto Shotaro , Suzuki Atsuto , Usui Kimitsugu , Nakaigawa Noboru , Kishida Takeshi , Watanabe Kaname , Nakamura Sho , Narimatsu Hiroto
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
Long-term survival can be achieved in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). However, secondary bladder cancer (BCa) development remains poorly understood. We investigated the effect of primary PCa treatment on the subsequent risk of developing a second primary BCa.
Methods:
We compared men who underwent RT for PCa with those who underwent RP. In total, 60195 patients with PCa were registered in the Kanagawa Cancer Registry between 1959 and 2017. Our primary objective was to investigate the effects of RT and RP on the incidence of secondary BCa. Cumulative incidence plots and multivariable Cox regression models were tested for second BCa rate differences according to the treatment type (RT vs. RP). Cumulative incidence was calculated as the competing risk of mortality. Hazard ratios were calculated using the fine-gray proportional hazards regression model.
Results:
Of the 60195 individuals included in the study, 8090 were treated with RT, and 12387 were treated with RP. Median follow-up was 69.3 months (1.0-486.4 months). The cumulative incidence of secondary BCa did not differ between patients treated with RT (3.78%) and those treated with RP (1.39%, p < 0.05). There was an increased risk of BCa (hazard ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.24 to 2.31) after RT compared with the risk in individuals after RP.
Conclusions:
Patients treated with RT are at an increased risk of developing a second primary BCa compared with those treated with RP.
Criterion Validity of a Single-Item Measure of Fear Avoidance Behavior Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Amin Shahrazad , Mikolic Ana , Silverberg Noah D.
Published: February 2024

Maladaptive coping such as fear avoidance behavior can prolong recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Routine assessment of fear avoidance may improve management of mTBI. This study aimed to validate a single-item measure of fear avoidance to make its assessment more pragmatic. The present study is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial that involved adults with persistent post-concussion symptoms (N = 90, 63% female). Participants completed the single-item fear avoidance rating, a validated legacy measure of fear avoidance (Fear Avoidance Behavior after Traumatic Brain Injury; FAB-TBI), and measures of anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), post-concussion symptoms (Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire), and disability (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 12.0). Questionnaires were completed twice, at baseline (mean 18.1 weeks post injury) and again 12–16 weeks later following study-delivered rehabilitation in addition to usual care. We analyzed the associations (Spearman’s correlations) and agreement (Bland-Altman plots) between the single-item and FAB-TBI at baseline, posttreatment, and the change in scores between baseline and posttreatment. In addition, we examined correlations between the single-item avoidance scale and related constructs, including anxiety, depression, post-concussion symptoms, and disability. The single-item fear avoidance measure correlated strongly with the FAB-TBI both at baseline and following treatment (ρ = .63 − .67, p < .001). The correlation between the change in these scores from baseline to posttreatment was moderate (ρ = .45, p < .001). Before and after treatment, the single-item fear avoidance measure correlated moderately with anxiety (ρ = .34), depression (ρ = .43), post-concussion symptoms (ρ = .50), and disability (ρ = .43). The FAB-TBI was more strongly correlated with these measures (ρ = .53 − .73). In summary, the present study supports the criterion validity of the single-item fear avoidance measure. This measure may be a useful screening and monitoring tool for patients with mTBI but is not a substitute for the FAB-TBI questionnaire.
Therapeutic hypothermia and beta-blocker administration in optimizing oxygenation in a porcine model of ARDS under VV ECMO
Authors: Vincendeau Maud , Klein Thomas , Groubatch Frederique , Tran N’Guyen , Kimmoun Antoine , Levy Bruno
Published: February 2024

Background
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) remains a significant challenge in critical care, with high mortality rates despite advancements in treatment. VenoVenous ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is utilized as salvage therapy in refractory cases. However, insufficient arterial saturation can occur in some patients on VV-ECMO, prompting the exploration of strategies to enhance oxygenation.
Methods
Using a porcine model of severe ARDS treated with VV-ECMO, this study investigated the efficacy of moderate hypothermia and landiolol in improving oxygenation within the first six hours after ECMO initiation. Primary endpoints included ECMO output to cardiac output ratio, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), and safety criteria encompassing heart rate, rhythm disorders, hemodynamics, tissue perfusion, and amine supply.
Results
Twenty-four male pigs underwent the study protocol, with animals randomized into hypothermia (n = 9), Landiolol (n = 7), and control (n = 6) groups. At baseline, all groups demonstrated similar hemodynamic and respiratory parameters. Both hypothermia and Landiolol groups exhibited a significant increase in ECMO to native cardiac output ratio at H3 compared to baseline, resulting in improved SaO2. Notably, static compliance remained comparable across groups, indicating consistent lung function. Safety criteria analysis revealed no significant rhythm disorders and lactate levels remained stable throughout the experiment.
Conclusions
In a porcine model of severe ARDS treated with VV-ECMO, both moderate hypothermia and landiolol demonstrated enhanced oxygenation, attributed to increased ECMO blood flow/cardiac output ratio. These interventions showed no adverse effects, suggesting their potential utility in improving oxygenation in refractory ARDS cases.
Risk Assessment of Radioactive Elements in Atmospheric Dust Around Cement Stores in three States,Nigeria
Authors: Faraday Ediagbonya Thompson , Emmanuel Emmanuel Oghenvovovwero Esi , Francis Sabastine Dekas , Elumah Oziegbe Friday , Timilehin Adelani Gabriel
Published: February 2024

This research investigates the numerous facts of radioactive elements, including their origins, how they impact various ecosystems, how they affect living beings as well as inanimate objects, how they can be quantified, and how they can be cleaned up. Samples were collected from Wuye Abuja, Guzape Abuja, Ore Ondo State, Ilado Ondo State, and Irele Ondo State, which are all locations in Nigeria. Each of these locations has a unique climate as well as other environmental characteristics. Ionizing radiation-emitting substances can be found in nature as well as be produced artificially. They have raised concerns because of their potential to harm nearby materials and living organisms. Obtaining a complete picture of how radioactive elements behave around the planet is the aim of this study. To understand how radioactive materials enter the environment, research examines both natural (such as uranium and thorium) and man-made (such as nuclear fallout) sources. For Samples A, B, C, D, and E, the mean concentrations of radium (Ra-226) are 185.20, 162.53, 142.28, 97.27, and 100.70, respectively. For Samples A, B, C, D, and E, the mean concentrations of uranium (U-238) are, respectively, 83.48, 84.60, 70.17, 47.57, and 48.07. Thorium (Th-232) average concentrations for Samples A, B, C, D, and E are 33.07, 26.86, 31.53, 26.40, and 27.60, respectively. While the mean potassium (K-40) concentrations for Samples A, B, C, D, and E are, respectively, 224.47, 115.70, 127.07, 62.30, and 78.33.Except for Uranium (U-238) with 84.60 in sample B, the results showed a significant difference in sample A. The highest values of Radium (Ra-226), Thorium (Th-232), and Potassium (K-40) were 185.20, 33.07, and 224.47, respectively.
The Current Landscape of Ohio Otolaryngologists and Associated Conditions: A State- Level Analysis
Authors: Borgemenke Samuel , Beverly Elizabeth A.
Published: February 2024

Background
As demographics continue to shift in the United States, the access gap to doctors in specialized fields remains of utmost importance. This study quantifies the prevalence of otolaryngologists and otolaryngology subspecialists in Ohio, emphasizing related head and neck conditions.
Methods
This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and the CDC's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) mortality file. Health outcomes for all 88 counties in Ohio, classification of Appalachian counties versus non-Appalachian counties, and data on otolaryngologists were assessed. The distribution of otolaryngologists was compared using t-tests and proportion tests. A t-test was conducted to analyze disparities in the prevalence of hearing impairment and oral malignancies. The relationship between otolaryngologists and various social determinants of health was explored via Pearson correlation tests.
Results
The results in this study showed that Appalachian and southeastern counties have fewer otolaryngologists (P < 0.001) and subspecialists (P < 0.001). A significant negative relationship was observed between otolaryngologists and rurality (R=-0.2, P = 0.02) and long commutes (R=-0.2, P = 0.01).
Conclusion
The study demonstrated lower rates of otolaryngologists and subspecialists in southeast and Appalachian areas. This may result in longer travel distances for patients or reliance on less specialized healthcare providers. Significant correlations between the prevalence of otolaryngologists and various social determinants of health were found, emphasizing the difficulties residents in southeastern and Appalachian Ohio face when accessing healthcare. The study calls for a multifaceted approach to ensure equitable healthcare access, between healthcare providers, policymakers, and cultural competence.