bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etika Moral Kasus Penyiraman Air Keras Novel Baswedan
Authors: agathanina@gmail.com
Published: December 2018

Dalam filasaf yang saya pelajari bahwa filasaf dimuli dengan hasrat dan ingin tahu tantang kebenaran, dalam filasaf Yunani, rasa ingin tahu ini ditampilkan sejak filosof pertama di planet bumi ini, yaitu Thales. Karena rasa ingin tahu Thales memikirkan asal-usul yang ada dari segala sesuaatu yang ada dan kaitan nya dengan kasus yang menimpa Novel Baswedan ini dari rasa ingin tahu Thales terhadap insiden ini memikirkan asal-usul kasus ini dari segala Sesuatu yang membuat pelaku menyiramkan air keras kepada Novel. Dalam pemikiran Thales yang memikirkan segala yang ada memiliki unsur dasar yang menjadi asal-usulnya, yaitu air. Aktivitas Thales ini disebut aktivitas berfilasaf karena berupa suatu “Pencarian”. Dalam kata penarian ini adalah pencari asal-usul maksud dan tujuan si pelaku mmelakukan percobaan pembunuhan terhadap Novel Baswedan. Dalam pencariian ini juga membantu kita unutk mengatahui motif yang tersembunyi yang dilakukan pelaku, apakah ini ada kaitan nyya dengan KPK atau kasus yang diterima Novel Baswedan selama melakukan tugas nya di KPK. Dalam pelajaran filasaf ini materi yang akan digunakan dalam kasus ini yaitu : Tindakan Manusia, Hti Nurani Sesat, Hukum, dan Politik dan Etika.
PENGEROYOKAN JAKMANIA HINGGA TEWAS OLEH BOBOTOH DI TINJAU DARI SUDUT PANDANG ACTUS HOMINIS, ACTUS HUMANUS, HATI NURANI DAN HATI NURANI SESAT
Authors: Yasin Arif Nur
Published: December 2018

This research aims to know the human action which fanaticism in football supporters known as the supporters. Research conducted to find out where a sense of kemanuisian and fanaticism supporters. Supporters are also human beings who have a sense of humanity that owned each individual joint mixed groups. Fanaticism and sense of humanity has a very weak relationship where fanaticism defeating the sense of humanity that exists within the individual. So the sense of humanity gone so only and fanaticism that culminated with the murder. The murder in time will blind the high teammate doesn't think a sense of humanity against rival supporters. So the criminal actions committed by history are considered usual reasonable thing already.
KASUS HAKIM PENGADILAN NEGERI JAKARTA SELATAN TERIMA SUAP SALAH SATU CLIEN DITINJAU DARI TATANAN MORAL OBJEKTIF OLEH THOMAS AQUINAS
Authors: kurnia novela widi
Published: December 2018

Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial yang selalu membutuhkan bantuan dari orang lain. Dan seseorang dalam menjalankan kehidupannya diperlukan akal budi, hati nurani yang baik, kejujuran, mempunyai rasa keadilan sesama manusia agar dalan menjalin hubungan dengan sesama dapat berjalan harmonis selain itu manusia harus memiliki tatanan moral seperti tatanan moral subjektif maupun tatanan moral objektif. Agar setiap manusia dapat membedakan mana yang boleh dilakukan dan mana yang tidak boleh dilakukan. Saat ini kerap terjadi kasus kejahatan yang dilakukan dengan ketidakjujuran, ketidakadilan, walaupun tidak bermuatan kekerasan namun kejahatan ini memiliki dampak yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap bangsa kejahatan tersebut salah satunya adalah tindakan korupsi.
Alangkah Pentingnya Menjadikan Pancasila Sebagai Pedoman Hidup Kita
Authors: Pamungkas Munir Sukma
Published: December 2018

Dengan adanya Pancasila, kita dapat menelusuri sejarah kita di masa lalu dan mencoba untuk melihat tugas-tugas yang kita emban ke masa depan, yang kedua yaitu menyadarkan kita akan perlunya menghayati dan mengamalkan Pancasila. Sejarah di belakang telah dilalui dengan berbagai cobaan terhadap Pancasila, namun sejarah menunjukkan dengan jelas bahwa Pancasila yang berakar di bumi Indonesia senantiasa mampu mengatasi percobaan nasional di masa lampau.Pancasila sebagai tujuan hidup dalam bermasyarakat terlebih lagi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dapat berpegang pada sila kedua yang berbunyi, “Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab”. Yang menjadi sebuah tujuan untuk selalu berbuat adil dan berbudi pekerti yang baik sebagai cara menjaga nama baik keluarga dan Negara.
KAMPANYE DAMAI, KOMITMEN ATAU JARGON? DITINJAU DARI TEORI PRINSIP REFLEKSI HATI NURANI MANUSIA
Authors: Kunsidarta Vadelia Rahmanda
Published: December 2018

Pesta demokrasi memang tidak setiap tahun terjadi, namun pesta demokrasi ini merupakan perhelatan besar yang melibatkan banyak pihak untuk terjun di dalamnya. Tahun 2019 menjadi tahun yang sangat menegangkan bagi bangsa Indonesia karena akan memilih presiden dan wakil presiden yang tentunya juga akan menentukan masa depan bangsa Indonesia selanjutnya. Para petinggi-petinggi negri yang menjadi juru bicara masing-masing pasangan calon presiden dan wakil presiden berlomba-lomba untuk menggaskan dan mendeklarasikan apa yang menurut mereka harus di sampaikan agar masyarakat Indonesia sadar mana yang lebih pantas menjadi pemimpin negara Indonesia untuk kedepannya. Sebagai negara yang besar dengan beraneka ragam suku dan budaya Indonesia harus menjadi negara yang tetap utuh, bersatu dan saling menghormati satu sama lain.
PENJARA, SENGSARA ATAU SEJAHTERA
Authors: Putri Suci Anggini Barata , Dewantara Agustinus
Published: December 2018

Rumah Tahanan Negara atau yang lebih dikenal dengan singkatan rutan adalah tempat ditahannya para tersangka selama berlangsungnya proses penyidikan berlangsung. Walaupun hanya rumah tahanan namun seharusnya mereka dijaga dan diawasi dengan ketat setiap gerak geriknya yang mencurigakan agar tidak terjadi hal-hal yang menyimpang di dalam rutan. Namun hal tersebut justru berbanding terbalik dengan fakta yang menyatakan bahwa di dalam rutan terdapat fasilitas-fasilitas yang seharusnya hal tersebut diketahui dan diberi tindakan tegas dari para petugas yang bertugas di dalam rutan tersebut. Baru-baru ini ditemukan lagi adanya sebuah ruangan untuk para tahanan berpesta narkoba dan ruang musik yang didesain seperti diskotik. Hal tersebut sebenarnya merupakan masalah lama dari bertahun-tahun yang lalu. Namun yang terjadi selama ini tidak ada perubahan atau peningkatan keamanan dari pihak rutan Salemba yang terkena masalah ini.
PANCASILA SEBAGAI PEDOMAN HIDUP BERTOLERANSI DI ERA MILENIAL
Authors: wardono dodik
Published: December 2018

Pancasila yang merupakan hasil dari satu kesatuan proses yang dimulai dengan rumusan Pancasila yang dipidatokan oleh Ir. Soekarno pada tanggal 1 Juni 1945, piagam Jakarta tgl 22 Juni 1945, dan rumusan final Pancasila 18 Agustus 1945. Pancasila merupakan produk dari jiwa-jiwa besar para founding fathers ini merupakan kesepakatan bangsa yang diambil berdasarkan natura atau sifat alami bangsa Indonesia sebagai pemersatu Bangsa Indonesia. Pancasila sebagai pedoman hidup dalam menghadapi berbagai ancaman perpecahan bangsa yang diakibatkan perbedaan pandangan dalam berbagai aspek, baik dari segi politik, budaya, agama, suku, ras dan yang lainnya dan serangan paham dari luar yang bertentangan dengan ideology negara. Tentunya perpecahan itu tidak kita inginkan terjadi di negara yang kita cintai ini. Tanggung jawab ini terletak pada kita semua , terlebih pada bahu dan pundak pada generasi muda yang hidup di “zaman now” khususnya bagi generasi Milenial. Generasi Milenial mempunyai tugas yang sangat berat dalam menjaga kerukunan/toleransi dalam kehidupan berbangsa, dituntut mampu membangun bangsa menjadi lebih baik lagi serta mampu menjaga Pancasila sebagai ideology Negara Indonesia demi tetap tegaknya NKRI
ANALISIS KASUS PEMBUNUHAN SATU KELUARGA DI BEKASI DITINJAU DARI TEORI TINDAKAN MANUSIA DAN TEORI HATI NURANI SESAT
Authors: Manajemen Tika Ayu Krisnawati
Published: December 2018

Tindakan kriminal dewasa ini mulai menguasai kehidupan masyarakat. Maraknya pembunuhan membuat orang berasumsi bahwa menghilangkan nyawa orang lain itu hal yang biasa. Peran etika moral saat ini sudah mulai tenggelam akibat perkembangan zaman yang begitu pesat, banyak masyarakat yang mengikuti budaya baru yang dapat mengubah pola pikir mereka sehingga tiap-tiap pribadi tidak dapat mengendalikan emosi jiwanya. Dalam etika moral terdapat teori yang dapat menggambarkan kehidupan manusia saat ini. Salah satu teori tersebut yaitu teori struktur tindakan manusia dan teori hati nurani sesat. Dalam bertindak manusia memiliki ukuran tindakan baik dan benar yang harus ia lakukan entah dalam perkataan dan perbuatan.
PERSATUAN INDONESIA DEWASA INI
Authors: Andani Ajeng Artika
Published: December 2018

Pancasila sebagai Weltanschauung yang digagas oleh soekarno mengandung lima sila sebagai dasar negara. Tentunya penggagasan sila-sila tersebut telah memiliki pemikiran-pemikiran yang logis, mendasar dan cocok untuk bangsa Indonesia ini. Dahulu saat Soekarno menyampaikan gagasannya mengenai pancasila, beliau telah mempertimbangkan apa saja yang bisa mendasari bangsa Indonesia ini dan apa yang bisa menjadi ciri khas dari bangsa Indonesia. Jadi, Soekarno tidak sembarangan dalam menyampaikan gagasannya untuk pancasila. Topik dalam paper saya mengambil sila ketiga dari pancasila dan sila pertama dalam gagasan Soekarno, yaitu Persatuan Indonesia.Yang saat ini saya rasa telah berbanding terbalik dari persatuan saat dulu dan sekarang.
Etika Moral Kasus Penyiraman Air Keras Penyidik KPK
Authors: agathanina@gmail.com
Published: December 2018

Dalam filasaf yang saya pelajari bahwa filasaf dimuli dengan hasrat dan ingin tahu tantang kebenaran, dalam filasaf Yunani, rasa ingin tahu ini ditampilkan sejak filosof pertama di planet bumi ini, yaitu Thales. Karena rasa ingin tahu Thales memikirkan asal-usul yang ada dari segala sesuaatu yang ada dan kaitan nya dengan kasus yang menimpa Novel Baswedan ini dari rasa ingin tahu Thales terhadap insiden ini memikirkan asal-usul kasus ini dari segala Sesuatu yang membuat pelaku menyiramkan air keras kepada Novel. Dalam pemikiran Thales yang memikirkan segala yang ada memiliki unsur dasar yang menjadi asal-usulnya, yaitu air. Aktivitas Thales ini disebut aktivitas berfilasaf karena berupa suatu “Pencarian”. Dalam kata penarian ini adalah pencari asal-usul maksud dan tujuan si pelaku mmelakukan percobaan pembunuhan terhadap Novel Baswedan. Dalam pencariian ini juga membantu kita unutk mengatahui motif yang tersembunyi yang dilakukan pelaku, apakah ini ada kaitan nyya dengan KPK atau kasus yang diterima Novel Baswedan selama melakukan tugas nya di KPK. Dalam pelajaran filasaf ini materi yang akan digunakan dalam kasus ini yaitu : Tindakan Manusia, Hti Nurani Sesat, Hukum, dan Politik dan Etika.
PELAKSANAAN DEMOKRASI YANG BELUM IDEAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: estrella Enesia
Published: December 2018

Demokrasi sudah akrab di telinga orang Indonesia, karena memang sistem demokrasi digunakan di Indonesia. Namun, apakah sistem demokrasi di Indonesia sudah dilaksanakan dengan bijak dan ideal? Indonesia kerapkali masih sering terjebak dalam masalah antar agama, suku, budaya. Perselisihan antar kaum mayoritas dan kaum minoritas masih sering terjadi. Akhir-akhir ini Indonesia lagi-lagi dihadapkan dengan masalah tentang penistaan agama. Masih banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang belum bisa mengerti arti dari demokrasi yang sesungguhnya. Masih banyak masyarakat yang menyalahgunakan pengertian dari demokrasi. Pengertian demokrasi yang benar dan pelaksanaan demokrasi yang ideal sangat perlu diketahui oleh masyarakat Indonesia.
Fungsi Hukum dalam Perubahan Sosial
Authors: Bramantyo Rizki Yudha
Published: December 2018

Manusia sebagai makhluk pemikir, dikaruniai kecerdasan senantiasa bersifat dinamis dan berusaha mencari cara yang lebih modern, lebih cepat dan mudah dalam memenuhi kebutuhan kehidupannya. Perkembangan kecerdasan dan daya pikir manusia memacu hingga ke batas kemajuan zaman, tekhnologi-tekhnologi canggih menjadi jawaban atas hasrat manusia yang selalu penasaran. Tekhnologi ini tentu saja mengakibatkan perubahan pada kehidupan manusia, baik itu perubahan pola hidup, perubahan perilaku, perubahan cara pandang serta pemahaman berfikir. Manusia dalam kehidupan sosialnya pun terus beradaptasi menyesuaikan dengan modernisasi. Dalam bidang ekonomi pun kegiatan ekonomi dapat menjangkau berbagai belahan dunia. Dikenalnya tekhnologi dalam dunia perbankan mengakibatkan dana dapat dipindah dengan mudah. Tentunya memberi dukungan kepada manusia untuk mengembangkan perdagangan daring.
Measuring Cognitive Reflection without Maths: Development and Validation of the Verbal Cognitive Reflection Test
Authors: Sirota Miroslav , Dewberry Chris , Juanchich Marie , Kostovičová Lenka , Marshall Amanda Claire
Published: December 2018

The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) became popular for its impressive power to predict how well people reason and make decisions. Despite the popularity of the CRT, a major issue complicates its interpretation: the numerical nature of the CRT confounds reflection ability with mathematical ability. We have addressed this issue by developing the Verbal CRT (CRT-V), a novel 10-item measure of cognitive reflection, using non-mathematical problems with good statistical and psychometric properties and with low familiarity. First, we selected suitable items with relatively low familiarity and optimal difficulty as identified in two different populations (Studies 1 and 2) and with high content validity as judged by an expert panel (Study 3). Second, we demonstrated a good criterion and construct validity for the test in different populations with a wide range of variables (Studies 4-6, 8) and a good internal consistency and test-retest reliability (Study 7). The Verbal CRT was less associated with numeracy than the original CRT and it was test equivalent across gender, age groups and administration setting. In contrast with the original CRT (Hedge’s g = 0.29, 95% CI[0.17, 0.40]), the Verbal CRT showed no gender differences (Hedge’s g = -0.06, 95% CI[-0.18, 0.06]). The Verbal CRT can complement existing tests of cognitive reflection.
Out of Tune: How People Understand Social Exclusion at Concerts
Authors: Daenekindt Stijn
Published: December 2018

Previous work has studied the exclusive nature of legitimate cultural contexts, such as art museums and classical concerts. I offer a more comprehensive view by considering social exclusion in cultural settings varying in terms of legitimacy and by studying how people differ in their understanding of social exclusion (that is, criteria used to draw social boundaries demarcating certain cultural settings as inappropriate for some people). I scrutinize the centrality of modes of consumption in these understandings of social exclusion. Using survey data representative for the Flemish population (n=3,144), I inductively analyse attitudes towards classical and pop/rock concerts. I uncover four understandings of social exclusion that are present with regard to both types of concerts. These understandings differ (a) in whether they stem from an insiders’ or outsiders’ perspective and (b) in how they use modes of consumption as criteria for social exclusion. Additionally, I find that people’s understanding of social exclusion—i.e., which criteria people consider relevant for social exclusion—drives what cultural contexts they perceive as socially exclusive.
Encapsulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in alginate beads and its application for wine making
Authors: Bokkhim Huma , Neupane Praksha , Gurung Smita , Shrestha Rojeena
Published: December 2018

A study was carried out on encapsulation of wine yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and its use in wine making compared to free yeast. Rehydrated active dry yeast was encapsulated in a 2% sodium alginate solution, cross linked with different molar concentration of CaCl2 solution (0.1, 0.2, 0.3,0.4 and 0.5M) for 30 minutes. The molar concentration with minimum cell leakage (0.2M) was used for yeast encapsulation. Colony count (CFU/ml) was analyzed for both free yeast (FY) and encapsulated yeast (EY) so as to equilibrate the rate of yeast pitching in wine fermentation. Physico-chemical properties; total soluble solids (T.S.S.), acidity and pH of red and white grapes were analyzed and were found to be 16.4±0.10oBx, 0.38±0.02% and 3.90±0.02 for white grapes and 19±0.15oBx, 0.64±0.01% and 3.1±0.10 for red grapes. During the fermentation process in both wines, a gradual reduction in T.S.S. was noted while an alternate of increase and decrease trend in acidity was noted which finally stabilized after 12 days. The final T.S.S. of wines was not significantly different for yeast types but higher values were noted for red wine (FY, 7.11±0.26 & EY, 7.33±0.19) than for white wine (FY, 6.1±0.10 & EY, 6.2±0.10). Similar trend was noted for final acidity of red wine (FY, 0.83±0.01 & EY, 0.84±0.02%). Though, no significant effect of yeast type on alcohol production was noted, the average alcohol content of red (FY, 13.22±0.26% & EY, 13.72±0.44%) and white (FY, 9.21±0.21% & EY, 9.64±0.38%) wine were found to be significantly different. However, wine prepared from EY was less turbid (Red wine, 95 NTU & White wine, 140 NTU) and had higher clarity (L*) than wine from FY. So, from this study it was concluded that encapsulating wine yeast does not affect its fermenting capability but will aid in production of less turbid wine which will definitely simplify the filtration process.
Management of Hepatitis B Virus Infection: 2018 Guidelines from the Canadian Association for the Study of Liver Disease and Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada
Authors: Coffin Carla S. , Fung Scott K. , Alvarez Fernando , Cooper Curtis L. , Doucette Karen E. , Fournier Claire , Kelly Erin , Ko Hin Hin , Ma Mang M , Martin Steven R , Osiowy Carla , Ramji Alnoor , Tam Edward , Villeneuve Jean Pierre
Published: December 2018

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important public health problem in Canada. In keeping with evolving evidence and understanding of HBV pathogenesis, the Canadian Association for the Study of Liver Disease periodically publishes HBV management guidelines. The goals of the 2018 guidelines are to ( 1 ) highlight the public health impact of HBV infection in Canada and the need to improve diagnosis and linkage to care, ( 2 ) recommend current best-practice guidelines for treatment of HBV, ( 3 ) summarize the key HBV laboratory diagnostic tests, and ( 4 ) review evidence on HBV management in special patient populations and include more detail on management of HBV in pediatric populations. An overview of novel HBV tests and therapies for HBV in development is provided to highlight the recent advances in HBV clinical research. The aim and scope of these guidelines are to serve as an up-to-date, comprehensive resource for Canadian health care providers in the management of HBV infection.
Furnace Atmospheres for Heat Treating
Authors: Poor Ralph , Ruoff Steve , Philips Thomas
Published: December 2018

This article provides a detailed discussion on the types of furnace atmospheres required for heat treating. These include generated exothermic-based atmospheres, generated endothermic-based atmospheres, generated exothermic-endothermic-based atmospheres, generated dissociated-ammonia-based atmospheres, industrial gas nitrogen-base atmospheres, argon atmospheres, and hydrogen atmospheres. Atmospheres for backfilling, partial pressure operation, and quenching in vacuum are also discussed. Furnace atmospheres constitute four major groups of safety hazards in heat treating: fire, explosion, toxicity, and asphyxiation. The article reviews the fundamentals of principal gases and vapors. It describes how the evaluation of the atmospheric requirements of heat treating furnaces is influenced by factors such as cost of operation and capital investment.
Quenchants Used for Heat Treatment of Ferrous Alloys
Authors: MacKenzie Scott
Published: December 2018

This article describes various quenchants, namely, water and inorganic salt solutions, polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyalkylene glycol, polyethyl oxazoline, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and sodium polyacrylates), quench oils, and molten salts, which are used for heat treatment of ferrous alloys. It also provides information on the steps for controlling quenching performance for polymer quenchants and oils with an emphasis on measuring quenchant performance, safety measures, and oxidation.
Basics of Distortion and Stress Generation during Heat Treatment
Authors: Lübben Thomas
Published: December 2018

Dimensional and shape changes caused by heat treatment have been the subject of scientific and industrial research for a very long time. This article provides an overview of the complexity of distortion and stress generation during heat treatment of steels. It discusses the measurement and evaluation of dimensional and shape changes with examples. The article describes the mechanisms at work during the generation of stresses and distortion during heat treatment. A hypothetical experiment with increasing application to real life is used to develop a systematization of unavoidable size and shape changes. The article also provides information on the carriers of distortion potential that cause measureable size and shape changes.
Types of Heat Treating Furnaces
Authors: Sverdlin Alexey
Published: December 2018

Furnaces are one of the most versatile types of industrial appliances that span many different areas of use. This article discusses the classification of various furnaces used in heat treating based on the mode of operation (batch-type furnaces and continuous-type furnaces), application, heating method, mode of heat transfer, type of materials handling system, and mode of waste heat recovery (recuperation and regeneration). It provides information on uniform temperature distribution, the general requirements and selection criteria for insulation materials, as well as the basic safety requirements of these furnaces.
Microstructures and Properties of Carburized Steels
Authors: Krauss George
Published: December 2018

This article describes the microstructure, properties, and performance of carburized steels, and elucidates the microstructural gradients associated with carbon and hardness gradients. It provides information on case depth measurement, the factors affecting case depth, and the formation and causes of microcracks. The article discusses the effects of alloying elements on hardenability, the effects of excessive retained austenite and massive carbides on fatigue resistance, the effects of residual stresses and internal oxidation on fatigue performance of carburized steels. In addition, the causes of intergranular fracture at austenite grain boundaries and their prevention methods are explored. The article also describes the major mechanisms of bending fatigue crack initiation in carburized steels.
Fundamentals of Friction Welding
Authors: Elmer J.W. , Kautz D.D.
Published: December 2018

Friction welding (FRW) is a solid-state welding process in which the heat for welding is produced by the relative motion of the two interfaces being joined. This article describes two principal FRW methods: direct-drive welding and inertia-drive welding. The direct-drive FRW uses a motor running at constant speed to input energy to the weld. The inertia-drive FRW uses the energy stored in a flywheel to input energy to the weld. The article summarizes some of the metals that have been joined by FRW and discusses the metallurgical considerations that govern the properties of the resulting weld. It also presents a schematic illustration of the effect of welding parameters on the finished weld nugget obtained when similar metals are welded using inertia-drive FRW equipment.
Fundamentals of Explosion Welding
Authors: Patterson R. Alan
Published: December 2018

Explosion welding (EXW), also known as explosive bonding, is accomplished by a high-velocity oblique impact between two metals. This article describes the practice of producing an explosive bond/weld and draws on many previous research results in order to explain the mechanisms involved. It provides a schematic illustration of the arrangement used in the parallel gap explosive bonding process. The article discusses several important concepts pertaining to explosive parameters, hydrodynamic flow, jetting, and metal properties. It summarizes the criteria used to model the explosive bonding process. The article describes bond morphology in terms of wave formation, bond microstructure, and bond strength determination.
Capacitor Discharge Stud Welding
Authors: Alley Richard L.
Published: December 2018

Capacitor discharge (CD) stud welding is a stud arc welding process in which the tip of the stud melts almost instantly when energy stored in capacitors is discharged through it. This article describes the three basic modes of the CD stud welding: initial-gap welding, initial-contact welding, and drawn-arc welding. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages and applications of the CD stud welding. The article describes the equipment used and the personnel responsibilities during CD stud welding.
Laser-Beam Welding
Authors: Mazumder Jyoti
Published: December 2018

Laser-beam welding (LBW) uses a moving high-density coherent optical energy source, called laser, as the source of heat. This article discusses the advantages and limitations of LBW and tabulates energy consumption and efficiency of LBW relative to other selected welding processes. It provides information on the applications of microwelding with pulsed solid-state lasers. The article describes the modes of laser welding such as conduction-mode welding and deep-penetration-mode welding, as well as major independent process variables for laser welding, such as laser-beam power, laser-beam diameter, absorptivity, and traverse speed. It concludes with information on various hazards associated with LBW, including electrical hazards, eye hazards, and chemical hazards.
Explosion Welding
Authors: Banker John G. , Reineke Edward G.
Published: December 2018

Explosion welding (EXW) is a solid-state metal-joining process that uses explosive force to create an electron-sharing metallurgical bond between two metal components. This article discusses the process attributes of EXW, including metallurgical attributes, metal combinations, size limitations, configuration limitations, and bond zone morphology. It provides an overview of the common industrial applications and shop welding applications of EXW products. The article reviews different safety standards and regulations, such as noise and vibration abatement and process geometry. It concludes with a section on the EXW process sequence for welding a two-component flat plate product.
Friction Surfacing
Authors: Nicholas E.D.
Published: December 2018

In the friction surfacing process, a rotating consumable is brought into contact with a moving substrate, which results in a deposited layer on the substrate. This article describes the process as well as the equipment used. It also provides information on the applications of the friction surface process.
Diffusion Brazing
Authors: Kay W. Daniel
Published: December 2018

Diffusion brazing (DFB) is a process that coalesces, or joins, metals by heating them to a suitable brazing temperature at which either a preplaced filler metal will melt and flow by capillary attraction or a liquid phase will form in situ between one faying surface and another. This article discusses the two critical aspects of DFB, namely, a liquid filler metal must be formed and become active in the joint area and extensive diffusion of filler metal elements into the base metal must occur. It schematically illustrates a diffusion process that results in the loss of identity of original brazed joint. The article also discusses the advantages of DFB.
Introduction to the Selection of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels
Authors: Somers Bruce R.
Published: December 2018

This article presents in-depth metallurgical information about the response of carbon and low-alloy steels to welding conditions and micro-structural evolution in the weld heat-affected zone. It discusses the fabrication weldability and service weldability of carbon and low-alloy steels. The article describes six general classes of the metal: low-carbon steels, high-strength low-alloy steels, quenched-and-tempered steels, heat-treatable low-alloy steels, thermal-mechanical-controlled processing steels, and chromium-molybdenum steels. It concludes with an illustration of steels' susceptibility to hydrogen-assisted cold cracking relative to carbon content and carbon equivalent.
Postweld Heat Treatment of Nonferrous High-Temperature Materials
Authors: Ernst Steven C.
Published: December 2018

This article provides an overview of the types of postweld heat treatment processes carried out in solid-solution-strengthened and precipitation-strengthened nonferrous high-temperature nickel and cobalt alloys.
Special Metallurgical Welding Considerations for Refractory Metals
Authors: Chin Bryan A. , Banerjee Probal , Liu Jiayan , Chen Shaofeng
Published: December 2018

This article discusses special metallurgical considerations during the fusion welding of refractory metal alloys. These considerations are: microstructure, interstitial impurities, and welding conditions that are considered during the fusion welding of refractory metal alloys, including tantalum, niobium, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten. Refractory metal alloys are discussed in the order of decreasing weldability: tantalum, niobium, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten.
Welding of Stainless Steels
Authors: Kotecki D.J.
Published: December 2018

This article addresses consumable selection and procedure development for the welding of stainless steels. The WRC-1992 diagram and the Schaeffier diagram, are used to illustrate the rationale behind many filler-metal choices. The article discusses the basic metallurgy and base metals of five major families of stainless steels: martensitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, precipitation-hardening (PH) stainless steels, and duplex ferritic-austenitic stainless steels. Stainless steels of all types are weldable by virtually all welding processes. The article describes the common arc welding processes with regard to procedure and technique errors that can lead to loss of ferrite control with the common austenitic stainless steel weld metals that are designed to contain a small amount of ferrite for protection from hot cracking. The arc welding processes include shielded-metal arc welding, gas-tungsten arc welding, and gas-metal arc welding.
Brazing of Ceramic and Ceramic-to-Metal Joints
Authors: Moorhead A.J. , Elliott W.H. , Kim H.-E.
Published: December 2018

This article is intended to assist the development of procedures for the brazing of ceramic-to-ceramic or ceramic-to-metal joints for service under elevated temperatures, mechanical or thermal stresses, or corrosive atmospheres. It describes the factors considered in preparing a procedure for the brazing of graphitic materials.
Thermal Spray Coatings
Authors: Herman Herbert , Sulit Robert A.
Published: December 2018

Thermal spray coatings (TSCs) are surface coatings engineered to provide wear-, erosion-, abrasion-, and corrosion-resistant coatings for original equipment manufacture and for the repair and upgrading of in-service equipment. This article presents an overview of five thermal spray processes and the specific flame and arc spray processes used to preserve large steel components and structures. It describes the TSC selection guide and an industrial process procedure guide for applying aluminum and zinc TSCs onto steel.
Underwater Welding
Authors: Liu S. , Olson D.L. , Ibarra S.
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the metallurgical aspects of underwater welds. It describes the microstructural development, which mainly includes three types of ferrite associated with low carbon steel weld metal: grain-boundary ferrite, sideplate ferrite, and acicular ferrite. The article explains the factors that affect heat-affected zone (HAZ) cracking. These include hydrogen from the weld pool, microstructures that develop in the HAZ, and stress levels that develop in the weld joint. The article describes the welding practices that can reduce residual stresses. It explains the effect of water pressure on the formation of porosity in underwater gravity welding. The article concludes with a discussion on the practical applications of underwater welding.
Welding for Cryogenic Service
Authors: Siewert T.A. , McCowan C.N.
Published: December 2018

Cryogenic temperatures cause many structural alloys to become brittle, which is an unacceptable condition in most structural applications and is rectified by optimizing the weld composition. Although nonmatching weld compositions are most appropriate, differences between the welds and parent material in terms of thermal contraction, corrosion, and other factors must be considered. This article discusses these differences and describes the effect of these factors on the choice of the weld filler metal. It also provides a detailed discussion on the effects of cryogenic services on mechanical properties of the parent metal.
Image Analysis
Authors: Vander Voort George F.
Published: December 2018

This article describes the various steps involved in image analysis, including sample selection and preparation, image preprocessing, measurement, and data analysis and output. It reviews various types of image analyzers and explains how operator bias and poor sample selection and preparation practices can lead to measurement error. It also examines several applications, illustrating how microstructural measurements can be used to assess quality control and better understand how processing changes affect microstructure and, in turn, material properties and behavior.
Perceived Training Intensity and Knowledge Sharing Among Banking Sector Employees in Turkey: Examining the Moderating Role of Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Bilginoğlu Elif , Yozgat Uğur
Published: December 2018

The aim of the present study is to show the links
between the domains of knowledge management and human resources management.
This study was conducted among employees from multiple organizations (within
different organizational frameworks) in the banking sector in Turkey to examine
the relationship between perceived training intensity (PTI) and knowledge
sharing considering intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy as the moderating
variables. Data was collected from 497 employees working in four different
types of banking sector organizations (public banks, private banks with Turkish
capital, private banks with foreign capital and participation banks). While a
positive relationship was found between perceived training intensity and
knowledge sharing, it was reported that, intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy
had a positive impact on knowledge sharing and moderated this relationship.
Effectiveness of using the Centering Teen Pregnancy Program on Postpartum Depression among Adolescent Mothers: A Posttest Only Quasi-experimental Design using a Comparison Group
Authors: Jitmanowan Pongsri , Sopajaree Chompunut , Utsaha Suphaphorn , Na phikun Tassanee
Published: December 2018

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of the Centering Teen Pregnancy Program on postpartum depression among adolescent mothers.Material and Methods: Study sample was 60 adolescent mothers who attended a prenatal care clinic and delivered at a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Convenience sampling was used to select the participants. Thirty participants were assigned into the intervention group and the comparison group. The comparison group received standard nursing care. The intervention group received the Centering Teen Pregnancy Program. Research instruments consisted of the Centering Teen Pregnancy Program, which was modified from the original Nursing Practice Guideline for Teenage Pregnancy, and research questionnaires including demographic data sheets, maternal and infant health records, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. All the research instruments were content validated and tested for reliability. Independent t-test and chi-square were used for data analysis.Results: The average depression score was statistically significantly lower in the intervention group than in the comparison group. Postpartum depression was experienced by 23.2% of adolescent mothers in the comparison group but by only 3.3% in the intervention group.Conclusion: The Centering Teen Pregnancy Program was effective in reducing postpartum scores and lowering the number of women having postpartum depression. Therefore, the introduction of the Centering Teen Pregnancy Program and the training of healthcare providers to integrate the Centering Teen Pregnancy Program into the standard care for the prevention of postpartum depression are recommended.
Особливості психосоціальної дезадаптації у жінок з клінічно визначеними розладами адаптації
Authors: Herasymenko L. O.
Published: December 2018

Вивчали структурні особливості психосоціальної дезадаптації у жінок з клінічно окресленими розладами адаптації. Проведено аналіз їх анамнестичних даних, клініко-психопатологічне обстеження. За допомогою методів діагностики структури психосоціальної дезадаптації отримано дані про домінування в обстежених жінок її сімейного варіанта. Другим за поширенням був виробничий (службовий) варіант дезадаптації. При цьому у більшості жінок сімейний і виробничий варіанти поєднувались і діагностовано змішаний варіант дезадаптації. До найбільш поширених факторів формування дезадаптації в обстежених жінок належать внутрішньо- і міжособистісні конфлікти, порушення сексуальної і комунікативної функцій, а також високий рівень особистісної тривожності, інтравертованості більшості з них. Отримані дані можуть бути використані для розробки ефективної системи психотерапевтичної корекції проявів психосоціальної дезадаптації у жінок та реабілітаційної роботи з ними.
Длинный путь к исцелению (редкие неклассические заболевания человека)
Authors: Kazmirchuk V. E.
Published: December 2018

Приведены случаи неклассических редких заболеваний человека, требующих особого внимания к разным паразитарным заболеваниям. Часто под «маской» неизвестной идиопатической патологии с аллергическими аутоиммунными проявлениями могут скрываться различные паразитарные болезни, требующие от врача тщательного сбора анамнеза и диагностики. Лечение пациентов следует начинать с установления этиологического фактора на любом уровне и, пока не выявлен патоген, лечение не может быть эффективным.
Досвід застосування холекальциферолу у дітей з алергічними захворюваннями та оцінка рівня 25(ОН)D, IgE та IgG в їх крові
Authors: Selska Z. V.
Published: December 2018

У статті наведено дані про рівень забезпеченості вітаміном D дітей з алергічними захворюваннями та здорових. Встановлено, що середній рівень 25(ОН)D в крові дітей з алергічними хворобами був достовірно нижчий, ніж у дітей контрольної групи. Схильність до виникнення гіповітамінозу D та можливу його участь в розвитку алергічної патології в організмі дітей з алергічними хворобами підтверджує, що чим тяжчий перебіг захворювання, тим нижчий рівень 25(ОН)D в сироватці крові хворих. Не виявлено кореляційного зв’язку між вихідними рівнями 25(ОН)D та IgE в крові дітей. При проведенні лікування препаратом вітаміну D3 за різними режимами дозування у дітей з алергічними захворюваннями достовірно підвищувався рівень 25(ОН)D в сироватці крові та достовірно знижувався рівень IgG, що супроводжувалось покращанням перебігу хвороби.
Кількісна характеристика структурних змін в яєчках щурів в умовах постструмектомічного гіпотиреозу
Authors: Ilkiv O. P. , Herasymiuk N. I. , Flekey N. V.
Published: December 2018

Проблема чоловічого безпліддя була і залишається актуальним питанням сучасної медичної науки. Однією із причин виникнення безпліддя є, безумовно, гормональні дисбаланси, які закономірно виникають, зокрема, після струмектомії. Разом з тим, морфогенетичні механізми порушення сперматогенної функції за умов гіпотиреозу вивчені недостатньо. Тому важливим є дослідження динаміки структурних змін у яєчках щурів за умов постструмектомічного гіпотиреозу та їх об’єктивна кількісна характеристика, що дозволить глибше розкрити патогенез чоловічого безпліддя і тим самим покращити діагностику та медикаментозну корекцію. Експерименти проведено на статевозрілих білих лабораторних щурах-самцях, яким під кетаміновим знечуленням проводили струмектомію. Застосування органометрії, дослідження гістологічних зрізів яєчок з їх морфометричною характеристикою і статистичною обробкою цифрового матеріалу дозволило встановити, що у статевих залозах щурів-самців після струмектомії виникають значні дистрофічні зміни в стромі і паренхімі органу, які розвиваються на тлі органних гемодинамічних зрушень, що проявляються застійним венозним повнокров’ям і рефлекторним зниженням пропускної здатності дрібних артерій та артеріол і які можуть складати основу безпліддя.
Диференціальна діагностика стридорозного дихання в педіатричній практиці (огляд літератури та власні дані)
Authors: Yesipova S.
Published: December 2018

У статті звернено увагу на актуальність проблеми синдрому стридорозного дихання у дітей. Детально висвітлено питання патогенезу, основні клінічні прояви стридору та описано основні напрями диференціальної діагностики цього стану.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF BOTTOMHOLE INJECTION WELL ZONE
Authors: Khabibullin M. Ya.
Published: December 2018

It is necessary to know the mechanism of contamination of bottomhole injection well zone in order to choose the right exposure method and predict the interprophylactic period of operation of this well. The article provides the essence of the proposed method. The well is being closed, and the wellhead pressure is restoring. An angular coefficient is being found by wellhead pressure build up curve, and then the graphical dependences will be plotted in the ΔP-lgt coordinates. Periodically determining the degree of contamination of bottomhole injection wells zones, we can restore their purity by timely flushing and drainage. If these works don’t contribute to cleaning, hydroimpulse treatment should be carried out. The suggested technique for determining the contamination of the bottomhole injection wells zone will allow to determine the true reason for the decrease in injectivity and to correctly outline measures to increase or stabilize the absorptive capacity of the injection well.
The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application
Authors: I. Shirazu , A. Sackey Theophilus. , K. Tiburu Elvis , Y. B. Mensah , A. Forson
Published: December 2018

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.
Simulation Aided HVAC System Performance Assessment During Design Phase of an Office Building Complex
Authors: Harmathy Norbert
Published: December 2018

The investigation presents a strategic approach during the design process using advanced energy performance simulation technology. Team coordination and building performance efficiency during the design process is aided by conducting a performance based assessment with comprehensive fully incorporated design, construction, energy, HVAC and annual building operation. The simulation methodology aids the performance based decision making which demonstrated through an office building complex. The engineering decisions were based on performance enhancement and overall energy demand reduction, which was evaluated on an annual basis. The building envelope‘s dominant curtain wall system was analyzed in detail in order to demonstrate qualitative energy performance improvement. VAV and DOAS HVAC systems‘ annual energy performance was estimated and evaluated from the aspect of end-use energy.
Scour Protection of Underwater Pipelines
Authors: Xie Liquan , Zhu Yehui
Published: December 2018

A detailed literature review on the protection of local scour beneath a submarine pipeline is presented. The review covers two basic parts of countermeasures against the pipeline scour, namely preventing the onset of scour and stimulating the self-burial of a pipeline. The research progress on the methods of the two sections is discussed in detail separately. The methods preventing the onset of scour have been extensively studied, but the understanding on their mechanisms is yet to be improved. The progress in stimulating the self-burial of a pipeline mainly focuses on a spoiler attached to a pipeline, which is investigated comprehensively with both experiments and numerical simulations. Both parts of countermeasures have been applied in some practical engineering projects and the protection effects are generally satisfying.
Pergeseran Modal Sosial dalam Pelaksanaan Upacara Adat Mandi Belimau Di Dusun Limbung Desa Jada Bahrin Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka
Authors: Herdiyanti Herdiyanti , Cholillah Jamilah
Published: December 2018

Praktik upacara adat mandi belimau merupakan salah satu ritual adat yang diselenggarakan oleh masyarakat Dusun Limbung menjelang bulan puasa ramadhan. Ada kekhasan yang muncul dari praktik upacara adat ini yaitu partisipasi masyarakat dalam memeriahkan kegiatan ritual adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tentang pergeseran modal sosial dalam pelaksanaan upacara adat mandi belimau di Dusun Limbung, Desa Jada Bahrin Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka yang saat ini diahlikan pelaksanaanya di Desa Kimak.
Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis dinamika dalam pelaksanaan upacara adat mandi belimau yaitu teori modal sosial Fukuyama. Adapun metode penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi terlibat, wawancara tidak terstruktur dan dokumentasi sebagai data sekunder.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan upacara adat mandi belimau dapat menyatukan elemen-elemen masyarakat dalam memeriahkan kegiatan. Upacara adat disinyalir menjadi modal sosial masyarakat dalam menciptakan keharmonisan sosial. Namun, upacara adat ini mengalami pergeseran terkait dengan pelaksanaan upacara atau ritual mandi belimau yang ada di Dusun Limbung, Desa Jada. Kondisi ini disebabkan beberapa factor salah satu diantaranya yakni perubahan pola pikir masyarakat yang semakin berkembang dan realistis terhadap pelaksanaan upacara adat mandi belimau.Pola pikir ini menyebabkan modal sosial masyarakat mengalami pergeseran sehingga ritual upacara adat mandi belimau diahlikan di Desa Kimak, Kecamatan Merawang, Kabupaten Bangka. Dinamika pergeseran modal sosial ini memunculkan beberapa respon dari masyarakat umum yang dirasakan sangat subjektif.