bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DO SIMPLES AO DUPLO: UM ESTUDO DA OBRA DE OSWALDO FRANÇA JÚNIOR
Authors: Marques Ângela Maria Salgueiro
Published: July 2015

Análise de três contos de Oswaldo França Júnior que sugeremser a gênese e/ou síntese de alguns de seus romances. Nossoobjetivo é verificar de que forma esses gêneros literários,explorados pelo autor, se apresentam como uma dupla matriz,visando à contínua técnica da reescrita.
O SABER E O SENTIR: UMA LEITURA DO DESEJO, DE HILDA HILST 1
Authors: Amorim Bernardo Nascimento de
Published: July 2015

Uma aproximação da poética de Hilda Hilst, abordando a suarelação com uma determinada tradição da modernidade, a suasingular trajetória e alguns de seus traços marcantes,observados a partir do livro Do desejo.
Sá-Carneiro: uma estética do espaço
Authors: Carneiro Ilka Valle de
Published: July 2015

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A alquimia do sangue e do resgate em Levantado do Chão
Authors: Gomes Renato Cordeiro
Published: July 2015

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Coração, cabeça e estômago - ou o irremediável romantismo
Authors: Silva Tereza Cristina Cerdeira da
Published: July 2015

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Viagens & viagens: o sentido contrário das navegações n'Os Lusíadas
Authors: Gotlib Nádia Battella
Published: July 2015

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Fernando Pessoa: a mensagem e a simbologia
Authors: Fonsêca Pedro Carlos Louzada , Garay René Pedro
Published: July 2015

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A pintura em revista
Authors: Pereira Edgard
Published: July 2015

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A disciplina do amor
Authors: Viegas Ana Maria
Published: July 2015

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Canto do amor natural
Authors: Almeida Ana Maria De
Published: July 2015

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José Saramago, tecedor da história
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira , Malard Letícia , Miranda Wander Melo
Published: July 2015

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José Saramago: poder e ironia em Memorial do Convento
Authors: Mendes Nancy Maria
Published: July 2015

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Considerações acerca dos fundamentos semióticos da ironia
Authors: Miranda José Américo
Published: July 2015

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Machado de Assis, segundo Elias José
Authors: Pereira Edgar
Published: July 2015

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A palavra é de oiro na (des)construção do poder
Authors: Campos Sandra , Batista Solange
Published: July 2015

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Luís de Sttau-Monteiro: Felizmente há ironia! - um estudo da ironia em Felizmente Há Luar!
Authors: Diniz Thais Flores Nogueira
Published: July 2015

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Guimarães Rosa: outro foco - a ironia no conto "Quadrinho de estória"
Authors: Machado Gláucia Vieira
Published: July 2015

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Murilo Mendes - ironia e silêncio: pontos de convergência
Authors: Carvalho Raimundo Nonato Barbosa de
Published: July 2015

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Artimanhas do bruxo
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira
Published: July 2015

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Resenhas: MACEDO, Hélder. Partes d'África. Lisboa: Presença, 1991
Authors: Berardinelli Cleonice
Published: July 2015

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Resenha: LAKOFF, George & TURNER, Mark. More than a cool reason: a field guide to poetic metaphor. Chicago/London: Chicago University Press, 1989
Authors: Menezes Vera
Published: July 2015

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O homem de porta da Garnier
Authors: Souza Eneida Maria De
Published: July 2015

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O ensino de língua portuguesa na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
Authors: Cunha Carlos Maciel da
Published: July 2015

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Fernando Pessoa e a consciência infeliz
Authors: Andrade Sônia Maria Viegas de
Published: July 2015

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O mito da vida em Faure da Rosa
Authors: Almeida Ana Maria De
Published: July 2015

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O resto da metafísica (análise da Tabacaria, de Fernando Pessoa)
Authors: Arêas Vilma
Published: July 2015

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Álvaro de Campos e o modernismo brasileiro
Authors: Casa Nova Vera Lúcia De Carvalho
Published: July 2015

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SOARES, Maria Nazaré Lins. Vocabulário das Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas. Tese de Doutorado em Letras. Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ, 1980.
Authors: Cardoso Wilton
Published: July 2015

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Brasil/Hungria - Um laço cultural
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira
Published: July 2015

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A potência do simulacro e a heteronimia de Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira
Published: July 2015

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NETO, Godofredo de Oliveira. Faina de Jurema. Rio de Janeiro, Livraria Tavares Editora Ltda., 1981
Authors: Margarido Alfredo
Published: July 2015

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Uma nau flutua entre textos
Authors: Lopes Ruth Silviano Brandão
Published: July 2015

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Considerações sobre os empréstimos em Os Sertões, de Euclides da Cunha, e em Grande Sertão: Veredas, de Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Rocha Luiz Carlos De Assis
Published: July 2015

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O centenário de um mestre
Authors: Souza Wilton Cardoso de
Published: July 2015

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Cordel e cultura de massa
Authors: Casa Nova Vera Lúcia De Carvalho
Published: July 2015

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Além do eu, além do outro
Authors: Amaral Maria Isabel Fagundes
Published: July 2015

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Entre dois lados: Quase
Authors: Dutra Dagmar Maria Pereira Soares
Published: July 2015

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Um ''golpe de asa''
Authors: Diniz Dilma Castelo Branco
Published: July 2015

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A morte entre Sá-Carneiro e Noel Rosa
Authors: Bacamarte Marcus
Published: July 2015

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Estudos de textos medievais (I-III)
Authors: Santos Carolina Antunes dos , Vianna Marlene Machado Zica
Published: July 2015

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Patativa do Assaré: para um estudo de gêneros na poética popular
Authors: Casa Nova Vera Lúcia De Carvalho
Published: July 2015

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Para sempre: o violino, a escrita e o silêncio
Authors: Pereira Edgard
Published: July 2015

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Chama-se íbis e não te direi quem sou: anotações sobre as cartas de amor de Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Branco Lúcia Castello
Published: July 2015

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Efetividade das técnicas de levantamento sinusal atraumático
Authors: Camargo Bernardo Alievi , Basualdo Alexandre
Published: July 2015

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o ganho ósseo intrasinusal obtido com as técnicas de osteotomia, taxas de sucesso de implantes e taxas de perfuração de membrana sinusal.Metodologia: Foi realizada uma busca retrospectiva na literatura sobre o tema em bases de dados eletrônicas e excluídos os artigos que não apresentavam relevância científica.Conclusão: A técnica da osteotomia se mostrou relevante cientificamente em todos os itens pesquisados.
Medição da largura do arco dental por meio de tomografia computadorizada cone beam
Authors: Poletto Cesar Augusto Rodenbusch , Gevaerd Roberta , Agostini Luis Fernando , Poletto André Goulart , Camargo Elisa
Published: July 2015

O uso da Tomografia Computadorizada Cone Beam (TCCB) na Odontologia tem aumentadonos últimos tempos. Entre as suas utilizações se encontra a mediçãoda largura e profundidade da arcada dental. Este trabalho realizou uma revisãoda literatura sobre o tema e verificou que a TCCB pode ser empregada para taispropósitos, bem como foi observada uma variação nos pontos de referências paraobter tais medidas.
Patência apical nos canais radiculares dos primeiros molares superiores
Authors: Vanz Ângela Vezaro , Vanz Rúbia Vezaro , Vanni José Roberto , Fornari Volmir João , Hartmann Mateus Silveira Martins
Published: July 2015

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, ex vivo, a porcentagem da obtençãode patência apical nos canais radiculares dos primeiros molares superiores permanentese a influência da ampliação cervical nesta verificação.Método: Foram analisados 73 primeiros molares superiores permanentes, selecionadosatravés de exame visual e radiográfico. Para a execução do estudo, os dentesforam previamente abordados e os canais radiculares localizados. A patênciaapical foi verificada utilizando-se instrumentos de aço inoxidável #08 ou #10, deacordo com o diâmetro de cada canal radicular. Quando não se conseguia a patênciaapical, o terço cervical foi ampliado, com brocas de Gates-Glidden #1 e #2,seguidas de brocas LA Axxess #20 e a tentativa de obtenção de patência, executadanovamente.Resultados: Os resultados obtidos, com relação à presença de patência apical, foramde 79,45% para os canais radiculares mesiovestibulares, 29,62% para os canaisradiculares mesiopalatinos, 72,60% para os canais radiculares distovestibulares e84,93% para os canais radiculares palatinos.Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que a ampliação do terço cervical aumentou em 8,42%a obtenção de patência apical em todos os canais radiculares.
The Adjunctive Effect of Platelet‐Rich Fibrin to Connective Tissue Graft in the Treatment of Buccal Recession Defects: Results of a Randomized, Parallel‐Group Controlled Trial
Authors: Keceli Huseyin Gencay , Kamak Gulen , Erdemir Ebru Olgun , Evginer Mustafa Serdar , Dolgun Anil
Published: July 2015

Background: Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous preparation that has encouraging effects in healing and regeneration. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of coronally advanced flap (CAF) + connective tissue graft (CTG) + PRF in Miller Class I and II recession treatment compared to CAF + CTG.

Methods: Forty patients were treated surgically with either CAF + CTG + PRF (test group) or CAF + CTG (control group). Clinical parameters of plaque index, gingival index, vertical recession (VR), probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue width (KTW), horizontal recession (HR), mucogingival junction localization, and tissue thickness (TT) were recorded at baseline and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Root coverage (RC), complete RC (CRC), attachment gain (AG), and keratinized tissue change (KTC) were also calculated.

Results: All individuals completed the entire study period. At baseline, mean VR, HR, CAL, KTW, and TT values were similar (P >0.05). In both groups, all parameters showed significant improvement after treatment (P <0.001), and except TT (P <0.05), no intergroup difference was observed at 6 months after surgery. The amount of RC and AG, but not KTC and CRC, was higher in the PRF‐applied group (P <0.05).

Conclusions: According to the results, the addition of PRF did not further develop the outcomes of CAF + CTG treatment except increasing the TT. However, this single trial is not sufficient to advocate the true clinical effect of PRF on recession treatment with CAF + CTG, and additional trials are needed.
Coevolution of Information Sharing and Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices Among North American Tobacco Cessation Quitlines
Authors: Mercken Liesbeth , Saul Jessie E. , Lemaire Robin H. , Valente Thomas W. , Leischow Scott J.
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined the coevolution of information sharing and implementation of evidence-based practices among US and Canadian tobacco cessation quitlines within the North American Quitline Consortium (NAQC).

Methods. Web-based surveys were used to collect data from key respondents representing each of 74 participating funders of NAQC quitlines during the summer and fall of 2009, 2010, and 2011. We used stochastic actor-based models to estimate changes in information sharing and practice implementation in the NAQC network.

Results. Funders were more likely to share information within their own country and with funders that contracted with the same service provider. Funders contracting with larger service providers shared less information but implemented significantly more practices. Funders connected to larger numbers of tobacco control researchers more often received information from other funders. Intensity of ties to the NAQC network administrative organization did not influence funders’ decisions to share information or implement practices.

Conclusions. Our findings show the importance of monitoring the NAQC network over time. We recommend increased cross-border information sharing and sharing of information between funders contracting with different and smaller service providers.
HIV Testing by Transgender Status at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–Funded Sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, 2009–2011
Authors: Habarta Nancy , Wang Guoshen , Mulatu Mesfin S. , Larish Nili
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined HIV testing services, seropositivity, and the characteristics associated with newly identified, confirmed HIV-positive tests among transgender individuals.

Methods. We analyzed data (2009–2011) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationships between HIV positivity and sociodemographic and risk characteristics among male-to-female transgender individuals.

Results. Most of the testing was conducted in females (51.1%), followed by males (48.7%) and transgender individuals (0.17%). Tests in male-to-female transgender individuals had the highest, newly identified confirmed HIV positivity (2.7%), followed by males (0.9%), female-to-male transgender individuals (0.5%), and females (0.2%). The associated characteristics with an HIV-positive test among male-to-female transgender individuals included ages 20 to 29 and 40 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 5.6 and AOR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 5.9, respectively), African American (AOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 7.9) or Hispanic/Latino (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.5, 4.5) race/ethnicity, and reporting sex without condom within the past year (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.6), sex with an HIV-positive person (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.0), or injection drug use (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.0).

Conclusions. High levels of HIV positivity among transgender individuals, particularly male-to-female transgender individuals, underscore the necessity for targeted HIV prevention services that are responsive to the needs of this population.
Disparities in Mental Health Referral and Diagnosis in the New York City Jail Mental Health Service
Authors: Kaba Fatos , Solimo Angela , Graves Jasmine , Glowa-Kollisch Sarah , Vise Allison , MacDonald Ross , Waters Anthony , Rosner Zachary , Dickey Nathaniel , Angell Sonia , Venters Homer
Published: July 2015

Objectives. To better understand jail mental health services entry, we analyzed diagnosis timing relative to solitary confinement, nature of diagnosis, age, and race/ethnicity.

Methods. We analyzed 2011 to 2013 medical records on 45 189 New York City jail first-time admissions.

Results. Of this cohort, 21.2% were aged 21 years or younger, 46.0% were Hispanic, 40.6% were non-Hispanic Black, 8.8% were non-Hispanic White, and 3.9% experienced solitary confinement. Overall, 14.8% received a mental health diagnosis, which was associated with longer average jail stays (120 vs 48 days), higher rates of solitary confinement (13.1% vs 3.9%), and injury (25.4% vs 7.1%). Individuals aged 21 years or younger were less likely than older individuals to receive a mental health diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80, 0.93; P < .05) and more likely to experience solitary confinement (OR = 4.99; 95% CI = 4.43, 5.61; P < .05). Blacks and Hispanics were less likely than Whites to enter the mental health service (OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.52, 0.63; and OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.44, 0.53; respectively; P < .05), but more likely to experience solitary confinement (OR = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.88, 3.83; and OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.23, 2.22; respectively; P < .05).

Conclusions. More consideration is needed of race/ethnicity and age in understanding and addressing the punishment and treatment balance in jails.
Universal Health Coverage: A Political Struggle and Governance Challenge
Authors: Greer Scott L. , Méndez Claudio A.
Published: July 2015

Universal health coverage has become a rallying cry in health policy, but it is often presented as a consensual, technical project. It is not.

A review of the broader international literature on the origins of universal coverage shows that it is intrinsically political and cannot be achieved without recognition of its dependence on, and consequences for, both governance and politics.

On one hand, a variety of comparative research has shown that health coverage is associated with democratic political accountability. Democratization, and in particular left-wing parties, gives governments particular cause to expand health coverage. On the other hand, governance, the ways states make and implement decisions, shapes any decision to strive for universal health coverage and the shape of its implementation.
Disparities in Reportable Communicable Disease Incidence by Census Tract-Level Poverty, New York City, 2006–2013
Authors: Greene Sharon K. , Levin-Rector Alison , Hadler James L. , Fine Annie D.
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We described disparities in selected communicable disease incidence across area-based poverty levels in New York City, an area with more than 8 million residents and pronounced household income inequality.

Methods. We geocoded and categorized cases of 53 communicable diseases diagnosed during 2006 to 2013 by census tract-based poverty level. Age-standardized incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated for areas with 30% or more versus fewer than 10% of residents below the federal poverty threshold.

Results. Diseases associated with high poverty included rickettsialpox (IRR = 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.29, 5.95), chronic hepatitis C (IRR for new reports = 3.58; 95% CI = 3.50, 3.66), and malaria (IRR = 3.48; 95% CI = 2.97, 4.08). Diseases associated with low poverty included domestic tick-borne diseases acquired through travel to areas where infected vectors are prevalent, such as human granulocytic anaplasmosis (IRR = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.19) and Lyme disease (IRR = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.32, 0.36).

Conclusions. Residents of high poverty areas were disproportionately affected by certain communicable diseases that are amenable to public health interventions. Future work should clarify subgroups at highest risk, identify reasons for the observed associations, and use findings to support programs to minimize disparities.
HIV and Alcohol Research Priorities of City, State, and Federal Policymakers: Results of a Delphi Study
Authors: Uyei Jennifer , Li Lingfeng , Braithwaite Ronald Scott
Published: July 2015

We identified the research areas related to HIV and alcohol consumption that were of highest priority to city, state, and federal policymakers. From June to July 2014, we conducted a 3-round Delphi study to elicit from experts a list of alcohol- and HIV-related clinical trial research questions that were important to fund and rank order the list to identify questions of highest priority. Translating evidence into practice must be improved because some questions that have been extensively studied with results published in peer-reviewed journals were identified by the panel as areas needing additional research.
Integrated Development of Fractured Horizontal Wells in The Slave Point Formation
Authors: Miller Guindon Leah
Published: July 2015

Higher oil prices and depleting conventional resources have motivated operators to focus on the tight-carbonate-platform portion of the Middle Devonian Slave Point carbonate formation in north central Alberta. One of the primary engineering challenges is the optimization of the fracture size, geometry, and conductivity along the length of a horizontal well. In the complete paper, 16 stages of microseismic (MS) data collected from two wellbores were used to constrain fracture geometries, to ultimately gain a better understanding of the resultant fracture production performance.
Decolorization of dyeing wastewater and characterization of flocs during coagulation by a new composite coagulant
Authors: Sun Cuizhen , Zhao Yang , Zhang Zhibin , Zhang Yanhao , Zhang Xiaorui
Published: July 2015

A composite coagulant, polymeric aluminum ferric chloride-poly-epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine (PAFC-EPI-ETA), was synthesized and then used for the treatment of synthetic reactive brilliant red (RBR) dyeing wastewater. Effects of (Fe + Al) to EPI-ETA mass ratio (P) on the color removal and zeta potential were investigated under different coagulant dosages and initial pHs. Experimental results indicate that the removal of reactive dye and the charge neutralization ability of composite coagulant were improved by increasing the content of organic EPI-ETA. PAFC-EPI-ETA with P = 1 achieved the best color removal percentage and strongest charge neutralization ability. Decolorization efficiency using PAFC-EPI-ETA was quite effecient with pH range of 6.0–7.5 for RBR dye removal. Characteristics of the formed floc were investigated with the dosage of PAFC-EPI-ETA under different P values. The low (Fe + Al) to EPI-ETA mass ratio contributed to the formation of flocs with high growth rate, large size and large size variation.
Nitrite interference and elimination in diphenylcarbazide (DPCI) spectrophotometric determination of hexavalent chromium
Authors: He Da , Zheng Maosheng , Ma Tao , Ni Jinren
Published: July 2015

Cr(VI) is highly noted as a carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic pollutant. However, accurate determination of Cr(VI) in aqueous samples is difficult using the conventional diphenylcarbazide (DPCI) spectrophotometric method upon being interfered by co-existed nitrite. This paper illustrates how to eliminate the nitrite influence in a simple but efficient method based on a detailed analysis of interference mechanism. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that under acidic condition, DPCI was oxidized by nitrite to other substrates, which could not react with Cr(VI). The final oxidation product of DPCI was further purified by thin-layer chromatography and identified as diaryl carbodiazone by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance-Mass Spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance. Consequently, an improved method was proposed by simply adding sulfamic acid for eliminating the nitrite interference in Cr(VI) determination. The proposed method was successfully confirmed by the accurate recovery of Cr(VI) from spiked water samples and further proven with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, which demonstrated a great potential for determining Cr(VI) concentration in aqueous samples containing nitrite.
Enhanced dewaterability of sewage sludge with zero-valent iron-activated persulfate oxidation system
Authors: Hu Lingling , Liao Yu , He Chun , Pan Wenqi , Liu Shangkun , Yang Yichang , Li Shuzhen , Sun Lianpeng
Published: July 2015

The potential benefits of zero-valent iron-activated persulfate (Na2S2O8) oxidation in enhanced dewaterability of sludge, along with the associated mechanisms were investigated in this study. The sludge dewaterability was evaluated in terms of specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and water content. Based on these indexes, it was observed that ZVI-S2O82 oxidation effectively improved sludge dewaterability. The optimal conditions to give preferable dewaterability were found when the molar ratio of ZVI/S2O82− was 5:1 and pH value was 3.0. The most important mechanism was proposed to be the degradation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) incorporated in sludge flocs and rupture of microbial cells. Three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix fluorescence spectra revealed that the powerful SO4− and ·OH generated from ZVI-S2O82− system destroyed the particular functional groups of ﬂuorescing substances (aromatic protein-like and tryptophan protein-like substances), resulting in the release of bound water and the subsequent enhancement of dewaterability. Therefore, ZVI/S2O82− oxidation is an alternative approach showing great potential to be applied in sludge treatment plants.
Biodegradability and methane production from secondary paper and pulp sludge: effect of fly ash and modeling
Authors: Huiliñir César , Montalvo Silvio , Guerrero Lorna
Published: July 2015

The effect of fly ash on biodegradability and methane production from secondary paper and pulp sludge, including its modeling, was evaluated. Three tests with fly ash concentrations of 0, 10 and 20 mg/L were evaluated at 32 °C. Methane production was modeled using the modified Gompertz equation. The results show that the doses used produce a statistically significant increase of accumulated methane, giving values greater than 225 mL of CH4 per gram of volatile solids (VS) added, and 135% greater than that obtained in the control assay. Biodegradability of VS increased 143% with respect to the control assays, giving values around 43%. The modified Gompertz model can describe well methane generation from residual sludge of the paper industry water treatment, with parameter values between those reported in the literature. Thus, the addition of fly ash to the process causes a significant increase of accumulated methane and VS removal, improving the biodegradability of paper and pulp sludge.
Effects of pH and ionic composition on sorption/desorption of natural organic matter on zero-valent iron and magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Fan Jin , Liu Fei , Hu Yandi , Chen Jiawei
Published: July 2015

Understanding the interactions between natural organic matter (NOM) and zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nano-Fe0) and magnetite nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) is essential for evaluating their performance in pollutant remediation, as well as determining their fate and transport in the environment. Batch experiments were performed to investigate the sorption/desorption behaviors of humic acid (HA) on commercially available nano-Fe0 and nano-Fe3O4. The sorption/desorption of HA on nano-Fe0 and nano-Fe3O4 were well described by both the Langmuir model and the modified Langmuir model. The adsorption capacities of HA were 8.77 ± 0.31 mg C/g and 10.05 ± 0.95 mg C/g for nano-Fe0 and nano-Fe3O4, respectively. The interactions of HA with nano-Fe0 and nano-Fe3O4 were highly pH-dependent. On one hand, nano-Fe0 had its maximum adsorption of 11.0 mg C/g HA at pH = 3, which decreased to 0.6 mg C/g when pH increased to 11.9; on the other hand, alkaline condition enhanced HA desorption greatly. At pH = 10.1, after 24 h desorption experiments, nearly 80% of initially adsorbed HA desorbed from the nanoparticles. The interactions of HA with nano-Fe0 and nano-Fe3O4 were also influenced by different ion compositions in solution. Divalent cations (e.g. Ca2+, Mg2+) enhanced HA adsorption significantly, while phosphate nearly eliminated HA adsorption and promoted significantly HA desorption.
Humidification on Ventilated Patients: Heated Humidifications or Heat and Moisture Exchangers?
Authors: Cerpa F , Cáceres D , Romero-Dapueto C , Giugliano-Jaramillo C , Pérez R , Budini H , Hidalgo V , Gutiérrez T , Molina J , Keymer J
Published: July 2015

The normal physiology of conditioning of inspired gases is altered when the patient requires an artificial airway access and an invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The endotracheal tube (ETT) removes the natural mechanisms of filtration, humidification and warming of inspired air. Despite the noninvasive ventilation (NIMV) in the upper airways, humidification of inspired gas may not be optimal mainly due to the high flow that is being created by the leakage compensation, among other aspects. Any moisture and heating deficit is compensated by the large airways of the tracheobronchial tree, these are poorly suited for this task, which alters mucociliary function, quality of secretions, and homeostasis gas exchange system. To avoid the occurrence of these events, external devices that provide humidification, heating and filtration have been developed, with different degrees of evidence that support their use.
Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure Patients: A Respiratory Therapist Perspective
Authors: Hidalgo V , Giugliano-Jaramillo C , Pérez R , Cerpa F , Budini H , Cáceres D , Gutiérrez T , Molina J , Keymer J , Romero-Dapueto C
Published: July 2015

Physiotherapist in Chile and Respiratory Therapist worldwide are the professionals who are experts in respiratory care, in mechanical ventilation (MV), pathophysiology and connection and disconnection criteria. They should be experts in every aspect of the acute respiratory failure and its management, they and are the ones who in medical units are able to resolve doubts about ventilation and the setting of the ventilator. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation should be the first-line of treatment in acute respiratory failure, and the standard of care in severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and in immunosuppressed patients with high levels of evidence that support the work of physiotherapist. Exist other considerations where most of the time, physicians and other professionals in the critical units do not take into account when checking the patient ventilator synchrony, such as the appropriate patient selection, ventilator selection, mask selection, mode selection, and the selection of a trained team in NIMV. The physiotherapist needs to evaluate bedside; if patients are properly connected to the ventilator and in a synchronously manner. In Chile, since 2004, the physioterapist are included in the guidelines as a professional resource in the ICU organization, with the same skills and obligations as those described in the literature for respiratory therapists.
Use of PocketMaker Microkeratome for Creation of Corneal Pocket for Foldable Keratoprosthesis KeraKlear Implantation – Case Series
Authors: Studeny Pavel , Krizova Deli , Kuchynka Pavel
Published: July 2015

Purpose :

To describe a surgical method for corneal pocket creation for KeraKlear keratoprosthesis implantation by PocketMaker microkeratome.

Methods :

We implanted keratoprosthesis KeraKlear in 3 patients. In all cases, we used a microkeratome PocketMaker to create a corneal pocket, where the incision was made at a depth of 300 µm with a vibrating diamond blade.

Results :

Although corneas have been extensively opaque and vascularized, in all three cases we successfully performed suction of the microkeratome system and created a corneal pocket without any difficulties. Subsequent keratoprosthesis implantations were performed without any problems.

Conclusion :

The technique is simple, relatively cheap, and the creation of the corneal pocket is possible even in patients with vascularized and opaque cornea.
Visual Acuity, Contrast Sensitivity and Color Vision Three Years After Iodine-125 Brachytherapy for Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma
Authors: Tsui Irena , Beardsley Robert M , McCannel Tara A , Oliver Scott C , Chun Melissa W , Lee Steve P , Chow Phillip E , Agazaryan Nzhde , Yu Fei , Straatsma Bradley R
Published: July 2015

Purpose :

To report visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after iodine-125 brachytherapy for choroidal and ciliary body melanoma (CCM).

Design :

Prospective interventional case series.

Participants :

Thirty-seven patients (37 eyes) with CCM.

Methods :

Patients had best-corrected Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual acuity, Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity and Hardy-Rand-Rittler color vision measurement; comprehensive ophthalmology examination; optical coherence tomography; and ultrasonography at baseline prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after I-125 brachytherapy.

Main Outcome Measures :

Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision prior to, 1 year after, 2 years after and 3 years after brachytherapy.

Results :

Nineteen (19) men and 18 women with mean age of 58 years (SD 13, range 30-78) prior to, 1 year after, 2 years
after and 3 years after brachytherapy had mean best-corrected visual acuity of 77 letters (20/32), 65 letters (20/50), 56
letters (20/80) and 47 letters (20/125); contrast sensitivity of 30, 26, 22 and 19 letters; color vision of 26, 20, 17 and 14
test figures, respectively. Decrease in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision was statistically significant from
baseline at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years after brachytherapy. Decreased acuity at 3 years was associated with mid-choroid
and macula melanoma location, ≥ 4.1 mm melanoma height, radiation maculopathy and radiation optic neuropathy.

Conclusion :

1, 2 and 3 years after brachytherapy, eyes with CCM had significantly decreased visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision.
Self-Reorientation Following Colorectal Cancer Treatment – A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Johansson Ann-Caroline B , Axelsson Malin , Berndtsson Ina , Brink Eva
Published: July 2015

After colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, people reorganize life in ways that are consistent with their understanding of the illness and their expectations for recovery. Incapacities and abilities that have been lost can initiate a need to reorient the self. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have explicitly focused on the concept of self-reorientation after CRC treatment. The aim of the present study was therefore to explore self-reorientation in the early recovery phase after CRC surgery. Grounded theory analysis was undertaken, using the method presented by Charmaz. The present results explained self-reorientation as the individual attempting to achieve congruence in self-perception. A congruent self-perception meant bringing together the perceived self and the self that was mirrored in the near environs. The results showed that societal beliefs and personal explanations are essential elements of self-reorientation, and that it is therefore important to make them visible.
Identity and obedience of zoon politikon
Authors: Cesarone Virgilio
Published: July 2015

This article aims to take under consideration the relationship between
identity and political obedience. First, it explains the famous
encouragement of De la Bo?tie: it is sufficient to decide to quit serving to
be instantly free. Nevertheless, man often renounces his freedom in favor of
obeying authority. Why does it happen? At the bottom of this surrender there
is an ?animal? factor: as Alexandre Koj?ve has shown, in the master-slave
dialectic the first is able to dominate the animal within himself, while the
servant has not the same capability and doesn?t want to accept the risk of
death. Finally, it is with respect to the latter that everyone decides for
himself, which opens the possibility for a full and actual identity through
the appropriation of his own mortality.
Auditor Tenure and Going Concern Opinions for Bankrupt Clients: Additional Evidence
Authors: Read William J. , Yezegel Ari
Published: July 2015

Regulators and lawmakers in the U.S. periodically express concerns about a possible association between auditor tenure length and audit failure (SEC 1994; U.S. House of Representatives 2002). In this study, where we define audit failure as a bankrupt company not receiving a going concern modified audit opinion prior to bankruptcy (a Type II reporting error), we examine prior audit reports for a sample of 401 U.S. publicly held companies that filed for bankruptcy during the period 2002–2008. Using a quadratic model to control for potential nonlinearity in the relationship between auditor tenure and audit reporting, we find no significant association between auditor tenure and Type II errors for Big 4 audit firms. In contrast, for non-Big 4 audit firms we find evidence of a significant association that is nonlinear. Specifically, auditor tenure appears to adversely influence non-Big 4 firms' audit reporting for bankrupt clients in the initial years of an audit engagement and has no discernible effect in the later years. Thus, we provide evidence that long auditor tenure, of itself, is not associated with Type II reporting errors. In this respect, our findings may help to inform the continuing debate regarding the possible adverse effects of long auditor tenure. Overall, our results are robust to controlling for any extant endogeneity with respect to going concern opinions and choice of the length of audit firm tenure.
Rating Scales in Accounting Research: The Impact of Scale Points and Labels
Authors: Eutsler Jared , Lang Bradley
Published: July 2015

Rating scales are one of the most widely used tools in behavioral research. Decisions regarding scale design can have a potentially profound effect on research findings. Despite this importance, an analysis of extant literature in top accounting journals reveals a wide variety of rating scale compositions. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally investigate the impact of scale characteristics on participants' responses. Two experiments are conducted that manipulate the number of scale points and the corresponding labels to study their influence on the statistical properties of the resultant data. Results suggest that scale design impacts the statistical characteristics of response data and emphasize the importance of labeling all scale points. A scale with all points labeled effectively minimizes response bias, maximizes variance, maximizes power, and minimizes error. This analysis also suggests variance may be maximized when the scale length is set at 7 points. Although researchers commonly believe using additional scale points will maximize variance, results indicate increasing scale points beyond 7 does not increase variance. Taken together, a fully labeled 7-point scale may provide the greatest benefits to researchers. The importance of scale labels provides a significant contribution to accounting research as only 5 percent of the accounting studies reviewed have reported scales with all points labeled.
Trading Styles, Inc.: An Analysis of the Going Concern Assessment
Authors: Popova Velina K. , Stein Sarah E.
Published: July 2015

This instructional case focuses on the auditor's going concern decision for a private retail client. The primary objective of this case is to understand and examine the auditor's consideration of the client's ability to continue as a going concern in a real-world setting. The case provides students with the financial aspects as well as the personal aspects of such a decision. Specifically, students must complete analytical procedures and evaluate information from several sources when forming their opinion. We also ask students to contemplate the auditor's relationship with the client in order to understand issues involving auditor independence. Throughout the case, students have the opportunity to review applicable auditing standards and to draft a going concern audit report. We expect this case would be most applicable for an undergraduate or a graduate audit course.
Gpr17 in AgRP Neurons Regulates Feeding and Sensitivity to Insulin and Leptin
Authors: Ren Hongxia , Cook Joshua R. , Kon Ning , Accili Domenico
Published: July 2015

Hypothalamic neurons expressing agouti-related peptide (AgRP) regulate eating and glucose metabolism. Ablation of FOXO1 in AgRP neurons of mice results in reduced food intake, leanness, improved glucose homeostasis, and increased sensitivity to insulin and leptin. We tentatively identified G-protein–coupled receptor Gpr17 as an effector of FOXO1 orexigenic signals in AgRP neurons. In this study, we generated and characterized AgRP neuron–specific Gpr17 knockout mice (Agrp-Gpr17−/−) to test the hypothesis that Gpr17 regulates appetite, energy expenditure, and metabolism. Agrp-Gpr17−/− mice show reduced food intake, increased relative energy expenditure, and increased satiety, resulting in leanness and reduced body fat. They also show increased central nervous system sensitivity to insulin and leptin and reduced plasma glucose excursions following the administration of glucose or pyruvate. In summary, AgRP neuron–specific Gpr17 knockouts phenocopy FOXO1 knockouts in the same cell type, thus supporting our original hypothesis and providing further impetus to develop Gpr17 antagonists for the treatment of obesity.
Insulin Therapy: A Personal Approach
Authors: Davidson Mayer B.
Published: July 2015

IN BRIEF Insulin therapy is challenging for providers as well as for patients. This article describes a set of principles underlying appropriate insulin treatment and a detailed discussion of how to use them.
Mitral Valve Replacement After 10 Years of Closed Mitral Commissurotomy: A Case Report
Authors: Huque AKM Ziaul , Khan Omar Sadeque , Aftabuddin Md , Adhikary Asit Baran
Published: July 2015

Rheumatic mitral valvular heart disease is common in developing countries although its incidence is decreasing in western countries. Closed mitral commissurotomy (CMC) was the first effective intervention in valvular heart disease which provides excellent long-term hemodynamic and clinical improvement. In this study we are presenting a successful mitral valve replacement in reoperation of a case who had CMC operation 10 years ago. It shows when symptomatic deterioration occurs late after CMC, MVR restores clinical and hemodynamic improvement in many patients.Medicine Today 2014 Vol.26(2): 111-113
Congenital Syngnathia in Bangladesh: A Very Rare Case Report
Authors: Rahaman Muhammad Mizanur , Kabir Mohammad Iqbal , Rabby Md Atiqul Islam , Rahman Md Masudur , Uddin Md Nasir , Rashid Md Harun Ur , Rahman Tarin , Rab Md Abdur , Chowdhury Golam Mohiuddin , Morol AKM Sobhan , Haider Ismat Ara
Published: July 2015

Syngnathia is a rare anomaly involving fusion between the maxilla and mandible. The fusion may be due to soft tissue adhesion between the two or true bony fusion between maxilla and mandible. This condition ranges from only soft tissue fusion between gums known as synechia to bony union known as synostosis with different grades of fusion. It was first reported in 1936, with only 41 cases reported till 2009. In this case a 11 years old girl reported to the maxillofacial department of Dhaka Dental College Hospital, with the complaint of inability to open the mouth and as a diagnosed case of alveolar bone fusion of mandible with palatal alveolar bone in the left side & bone fusion of alveolar process of mandibular angle region with maxilla in the right side. She was also bone fusion of the coronoid process with zygoma in the right side. Immediate after birth she had a history of synechia (Bilateral) & it was correct by making stoma by maxillofacial surgeon. The patient was subjected to a surgical procedure, after successful operation she enabled to open her mouth up to 35 mm.Medicine Today 2014 Vol.26(2): 114-117
Can Clays in Livestock Feed Promote Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence in Pathogenic Bacteria?
Authors: Rodríguez-Rojas Alexandro , Rodríguez-Beltrán Jerónimo , Valverde José , Blázquez Jesús
Published: July 2015

The use of antibiotics in animal husbandry has long been associated with the appearance of antibiotic resistance and virulence factor determinants. Nonetheless, the number of cases of human infection involving resistant or virulent microorganisms that originate in farms is increasing. While many antibiotics have been banned as dietary supplements in some countries, other additives thought to be innocuous in terms of the development and spread of antibiotic resistance are used as growth promoters. In fact, several clay materials are routinely added to animal feed with the aim of improving growth and animal product quality. However, recent findings suggest that sepiolite, a clay additive, mediates the direct transfer of plasmids between different bacterial species. We therefore hypothesize that clays present in animal feed facilitate the horizontal transfer of resistance determinants in the digestive tract of farm animals.
Characterization of Receptor Binding Profiles of Influenza A Viruses Using An Ellipsometry-Based Label-Free Glycan Microarray Assay Platform
Authors: Fei Yiyan , Sun Yung-Shin , Li Yanhong , Yu Hai , Lau Kam , Landry James , Luo Zeng , Baumgarth Nicole , Chen Xi , Zhu Xiangdong
Published: July 2015

A key step leading to influenza viral infection is the highly specific binding of a viral spike protein, hemagglutinin (HA), with an extracellular glycan receptor of a host cell. Detailed and timely characterization of virus-receptor binding profiles may be used to evaluate and track the pandemic potential of an influenza virus strain. We demonstrate a label-free glycan microarray assay platform for acquiring influenza virus binding profiles against a wide variety of glycan receptors. By immobilizing biotinylated receptors on a streptavidin-functionalized solid surface, we measured binding curves of five influenza A virus strains with 24 glycans of diverse structures and used the apparent equilibrium dissociation constants (avidity constants, 10–100 pM) as characterizing parameters of viral receptor profiles. Furthermore by measuring binding kinetic constants of solution-phase glycans to immobilized viruses, we confirmed that the glycan-HA affinity constant is in the range of 10 mM and the reaction is enthalpy-driven.
A Novel Method for Seismogenic Zoning Based on Triclustering: Application to the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Martínez-Álvarez Francisco , Gutiérrez-Avilés David , Morales-Esteban Antonio , Reyes Jorge , Amaro-Mellado José , Rubio-Escudero Cristina
Published: July 2015

A previous definition of seismogenic zones is required to do a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for areas of spread and low seismic activity. Traditional zoning methods are based on the available seismic catalog and the geological structures. It is admitted that thermal and resistant parameters of the crust provide better criteria for zoning. Nonetheless, the working out of the rheological profiles causes a great uncertainty. This has generated inconsistencies, as different zones have been proposed for the same area. A new method for seismogenic zoning by means of triclustering is proposed in this research. The main advantage is that it is solely based on seismic data. Almost no human decision is made, and therefore, the method is nearly non-biased. To assess its performance, the method has been applied to the Iberian Peninsula, which is characterized by the occurrence of small to moderate magnitude earthquakes. The catalog of the National Geographic Institute of Spain has been used. The output map is checked for validity with the geology. Moreover, a geographic information system has been used for two purposes. First, the obtained zones have been depicted within it. Second, the data have been used to calculate the seismic parameters (b-value, annual rate). Finally, the results have been compared to Kohonen’s self-organizing maps.
Investigation of Fault Permeability in Sands with Different Mineral Compositions (Evaluation of Gas Hydrate Reservoir)
Authors: Kimura Sho , Kaneko Hiroaki , Ito Takuma , Minagawa Hideki
Published: July 2015

We used a ring-shear apparatus to examine the perpendicular permeability of sands with different mineral compositions to evaluate fault behavior around gas hydrate reservoirs. The effect of effective normal stress on the permeability of two sand types was investigated under constant effective normal stresses of 0.5–8.0 MPa. Although Toyoura sand and silica sand No. 7 mainly comprise quartz, silica sand No. 7 contains small amounts of feldspar. For Toyoura sand, the permeability after ring-shearing dramatically decreased with increasing effective normal stress up to 3.0 MPa, then gradually decreased for stresses over 3.0 MPa, whereas the permeability after ring-shearing of silica sand No. 7 rapidly decreased with increasing effective normal stress up to 2.0 MPa. Although the relationships between the permeability after ring-shearing and effective normal stress for both sands could be expressed by exponential equations up to 3.0 MPa, a more gradual change in slope was shown for Toyoura sand. The permeabilities of both sands were almost equal for effective normal stresses over 3.0 MPa. The mineralogical properties of the small amount of feldspar in the sample indicate that both mineralogy and original grain size distribution affect the fault permeability and shear zone formation.