bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Students’ Perceptions of Online Lecture Delivery Modes: Higher Education During Covid-19 Pandemic and Beyond
Authors: Yatigammana Kaushalya , Wijayarathna Gamini
Published: November 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, universities adopted several learning modes to ensure the contention of the education activities. They adopted many methods of learning such as online once (online real-time with no recorded lecture; face-to-screen instead of face-to-face), online repeatable (online real-time with recorded lecture), Self (pre-recorded lecture only), and blended (pre-recorded lecture with face-to-face learning). Since all these methods are adopted without any evidence of their acceptance by the students, the rouse of this study is to evaluate each of these modes and identify the most preferred mode of learn-ing. Also, this study tested the new method of blended learning preferred by the students. A questionnaire was shared among the students in two faculties in the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, and 903 were responded. Accordingly, this study found that the majority of the students preferred online real-time lectures together with the recorded lectures. This method was again tested with a selected student group and confirmed. Thus, this study recommends face-to screen lectures together with the recorded lesson is the most appropriate method to adopt during the new normal context.
Development Strategies for Higher Education Institutions Based on the Cultivation of Core Competitiveness
Authors: Wu Zhongyuan , Zhang Zheng
Published: November 2021

The development of higher education institutions is the inevitable path towards strong scientific research ability of higher education. Currently, under the impact of the strategies of developing world-class universities, and strengthening the core competitiveness of disciplines, higher education institutions in China are faced with immense challenges. Based on the cultivation of core competitiveness, this paper explores the evaluation and development strategies for the core competitiveness of higher education institutions. The results show that: core competitiveness is a comprehensive intangible ability, and improving core competitiveness helps to clarify the direction and enhancing the quality of talent training. The core competitiveness of China’s higher education institutions has continued to improve, as evidenced by the growth in educational resources, educational fund, and scientific results. The core competitiveness of higher education can be evaluated by the following indexes: school-running philosophy, academic production capacity, management model innovation capacity, campus culture construction capacity, human resource management innovation capacity, and training model innovation capacity. The research results lay a theoretical basis for the reform of higher education institutions.
A Features Fusion Approach for Neonatal and Pediatrics Brain Tumor Image Analysis Using Genetic and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: SJ Prashantha , Prakash H.N.
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, Deep learning (DL) is the growing trend towards creating visual representations of human body organs for clinical analysis, medical interventions as well as to diagnose and treat diseases.  This paper propose a method for neonatal and pediatric brain tumors image analysis and prerequisites a T2- weighted MR images only. The pipeline stages of the proposed work as follows: In the first stage, designed a set of specific feature vectors description for high-level classification task using Conventional and deep learning (DL) Feature Extraction methods. The second stage, select a deep features based on proposed convolutional neural network (CNN) method and conventional subset features are from Genetic Algorithm (GA). The third stage, merge the selected features by adapting fusion technique. Finally, predict the brain image is either normal or abnormal.  The results demonstrated that the proposed method obtained accurate classification and revealed its robustness to difference in ages and acquisition protocols. The obtained results shows that based on combined  deep learning features (DLF) and  conventional features  have been significantly improves the classification accuracy of the support vector machines (SVM) classifier up to 97.00%.
Archaeological Evidence for Population Rise and Collapse between ~2500 and ~500 cal. yr BP in Western Central Africa
Authors: Saulieu Geoffroy de , Garcin Yannick , Sebag David , Nlend Pascal R. Nlend , Zeitlyn David , Deschamps Pierre , Ménot Guillemette , Carlo Pierpaolo Di , Oslisly Richard
Published: November 2021

Des études paléoenvironnementales antérieures ont montré que des changements majeurs de la végétation et de l’environnement se sont produits en Afrique centrale à partir de l’Holocène moyen (ex. Maley & Brenac 1998). Plusieurs d’entre elles mettent en évidence une origine humaine et supposent que les grandes migrations de population, les innovations techniques (par exemple, la technologie de la fonte du fer) et/ou de nouveaux choix dans les pratiques agricoles, conduisant à la déforestation et au défrichement, sont les moteurs de ces changements. Cependant, à ce stade, l’absence de reconstitution démographique ne permet pas de soutenir pleinement ces hypothèses. Notre étude utilise une base de données archéologiques géoréférencées pour déduire la dynamique des populations et l’évolution des pratiques culturelles en Afrique centrale occidentale au cours des 5000 dernières années. Cette base de données comprend 1139 dates calibrées au 14C provenant de 425 sites – localisés dans le sud du Cameroun, au Gabon, en République du Congo, en Guinée équatoriale et dans la partie occidentale de la République démocratique du Congo –, remontant à un maximum de 5000 ans cal. BP. La modélisation des données indique une possible croissance de la population entre ~2500 et ~1500 ans cal. BP, coïncidant avec l’apparition à l’échelle régionale de techniques et de pratiques spécifiques. L’augmentation concomitante des fosses dépotoirs, des vestiges d’utilisation de palmier à huile Elaeis guineesis, l’apparition de rares restes de millet Pennisetum glaucum et la montée en puissance des vestiges de métallurgie du fer ont eu lieu pendant la seconde moitié du Néolithique, à partir d’environ 2800 ans cal. BP. Dans les régions côtières, la croissance de la population concerne le Néolithique et le début de l’âge du fer (2500-2000 ans cal. BP et 2000-1500 ans cal. BP), tandis que dans l’Hinterland cette croissance semble légèrement plus tardive (2400 et 1300 ans cal. BP). Il n’est pas possible d’identifier un phénomène commun de diffusion à partir d’un seul centre. Les innovations techniques et les nouvelles pratiques semblent plutôt s’être répandues à travers un large réseau d’interactions culturelles qui a favorisé la formation des sociétés d’Afrique centrale occidentale au cours du troisième millénaire avant notre ère.
Quand la technique n’est plus là. Documenter la teinture à l’indigo au Nord Bénin (xixe-xxe siècles)
Authors: Gosselain Olivier P.
Published: November 2021

Élément essentiel d’une filière textile centrée sur le coton, la teinture à l’indigo était pratiquée dans des dizaines d’ateliers au Nord Bénin à la veille de l’occupation coloniale. L’activité a perduré durant la première moitié du xxe siècle, puis a amorcé son déclin jusqu’à disparaître complètement au début des années quatre-vingt-dix. Depuis 2011, je m’efforce de documenter les pratiques tinctoriales au Nord Bénin, par entretiens avec d’anciens teinturiers et visites des sites d’ateliers. L’objectif est de reconstituer les processus techniques, leur cadre socio-économique et leur trajectoire historique. Ces recherches s’intègrent depuis 2020 dans un projet plus ambitieux consacré à l’ensemble de la filière textile et destiné à produire des archives visuelles pour l’Endangered Material Knowledge Programme du British Museum. Dans cet article, je présente les principaux enseignements tirés des enquêtes de terrain, en me focalisant d’abord sur les méthodes mises en œuvre pour documenter une technique disparue et en donnant ensuite un aperçu des processus techniques et du contexte dans lequel se pratiquait la teinture à l’indigo.
Monolithes sculptés akwanshi/atal de la Cross River (Nigéria-Cameroun)
Authors: Tchandeu Narcisse Santores , Sambo Hassimi
Published: November 2021

La tradition des monolithes akwanshi/atal semble s’être développée sur les traces d’un fond régional commun de civilisation mégalithique de l’âge du fer ancien, auquel répond une assimilation des normes de la sculpture en bois et des arts du corps ; ceci en lien avec la mise en place vers le xvie siècle des institutions initiatiques et des rites agraires du groupe ikom. Aussi exceptionnels en Afrique que les monolithes phalliques sculptés d’Éthiopie et du Mali, ces monuments, plus ou moins difficiles à déplacer, n’ont pourtant cessé d’être prisés sur le marché international de l’art et d’alimenter les musées. Collectés dans des conditions souvent illégales, en relation avec les crises sécuritaires comme celles du Biafra, les akwanshi/atal posent différents problèmes de recherche comme ceux des contextes et conditions archéologiques de production, du sens des représentations dans la mémoire collective des groupes ethniques in situ, et des attributions et classifications stylistiques. Parallèlement à une synthèse des connaissances sur le sujet, cette étude propose une analyse diachronique des styles, à partir de trois séquences chrono-morphologiques, et un examen de la patrimonialisation locale et des collections internationales.
Perdus dans l’espace ? Reconstituer les chantiers archéologiques de Frank Willett à Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife, Nigéria : fouilles de sauvetage (1957-1958) et tranchée XIV (1962-1963)
Authors: Roth Léa , Chouin Gérard , Ogunfolakan Adisa
Published: November 2021

Entre décembre 1957 et janvier 1958, Frank Willett dirigea une fouille de sauvetage à Ita Yemoo, Ile-Ife (Nigéria), afin d’apporter un éclairage scientifique sur la découverte fortuite par les ouvriers d’un chantier de construction d’un groupe de rares artefacts en laiton. Ita Yemoo allait se révéler être un site archéologique majeur, et F. Willett y poursuivit ses travaux de 1958 à 1963. Le site devint fameux pour ses « bronzes » et pour plusieurs têtes en terre cuite découvertes in situ, élevées au rang d’icônes de l’art d’Ife durant sa période de « florescence » entre les xiiie et xive siècles de notre ère. Son renom contraste cependant avec l’absence de publication détaillée de son archéologie. Dans cet article, nous faisons usage de photographies, croquis et notes de terrain extraits d’un fonds d’archives, riche mais encore peu connu, légué par Frank Willett à l’université de Glasgow ; notre objectif est de reconstituer les détails de sa première saison de fouilles sur ce site, interpréter ses observations et proposer une réflexion sur la nécessité de redécouvrir et de publier les archives oubliées du patrimoine archéologique de l’Afrique.
Un atelier de tuilier du haut Moyen Âge et sa production en forêt de Tronçais, à Isle-et-Bardais (Allier)
Authors: Laüt Laure
Published: November 2021

Le site des Petits Jardins à Isle-et-Bardais
(Allier) se trouve au cœur de la forêt de Tronçais, une des plus
belles chênaies d’Europe, sur un terrain riche en argile et en sable.
Neuf campagnes de fouilles programmées y ont été menées entre 2002 et
2014, permettant de cerner deux phases d’occupation principales. Après
l’implantation d’un sanctuaire antique, le site est réoccupé par des
artisans tuiliers qui, au haut Moyen Âge, aménagent deux fours dans
les ruines de l’un des temples. Des tuiles « à la romaine » sont alors
produites (tegulae et imbrices), plus légères et
plus petites que les modèles antiques trouvés localement. Rares sont
les ateliers de ce type au haut Moyen Âge et quelques hypothèses
peuvent être formulées au sujet de la destination des tuiles produites
sur ce site.
Influence of the Curvature Correction on Turbulence Models for the Prediction of the Aerodynamic Coefficients of the S809 Airfoil
Authors: Nebbache Mohammed , Youcefi Abdelkader
Published: November 2021

Using the appropriate procedure, Computational Fluid Dynamics allows predicting many things in several fields, and especially in the field of renewable energies, which has become a promising research axis. The present study aims at highlighting the influence of the curvature correction on turbulence models for the prediction of the aerodynamic coefficients of the S809 airfoil using the Computational Fluid Dynamics code ANSYS Fluent 17.2. Three turbulence models are used: Spalart-Allmaras, Shear Stress Transport k-ω and Transition SST. Experimental results of the 1.8 m × 1.25 m low-turbulence wind tunnel at the Delft University of Technology are used in this work for comparison with the numerical results for a Reynolds number of 106. The results show that the use of the curvature correction improves the prediction of the aerodynamic coefficients for all the turbulence models used. A comparison of the three models is also made using curvature correction since it gave better results. The Transition SST model is the one that gives the best results for the lift coefficient, followed by the Shear Stress Transport kω model, and finally the Spalart-Allmaras model. For the drag coefficient, Transition SST model is the best, followed by the Spalart-Allmaras model, and finally the Shear Stress Transport kω model.
Comparative Study of Electric Machines for Stirling Generator Application
Authors: Zogbochi Victor , Chetangny Patrice , Aredjodoun Jacques , Chamagne Didier , Barbier Gerald , Houndedako Sossou , Antoine Vianou
Published: November 2021

The choice of a machine for an application and a given specification remains a complex problem. This will involve, for example, bringing together criteria such as: performance, space saving, economical, reliable, little acoustic noise and others. The best machine selection to fulfill all constraints is an important step for the project to be realized. This work focus on Stirling Engine based Generator and study all types of rotating machines that can be employed for maximum electric power production. Analytical electromagnetic models where developed for all types of rotating machines that satisfied minimum requirement for the project by solving Maxwell equations. The purpose is to develop the design model and combine electromagnetic and thermal study of the machines. Finite Element Method is used to compare the performances of the generators for the best choice. Results show that for applications not requiring bigger output power, the major criteria for the selection is the optimal magnetic induction created by the inducer in the stationary part of the machine. For application such as Stirling generators, permanent magnet (PM) machine satisfy many comparison criteria such as maximum power at low speed, torque density, high efficiency. Beyond exposing a selection method for a project, this work lay down a step-by-step method for engineers and scientists for the crucial stage of design and conception work
Sideswipe elbow injuries in Egypt
Authors: Abed El-Negery A.
Published: November 2021

Purpose

The aim was to show the causes of sideswipe injury and to evaluate functional outcome of these injuries.

Patients and methods

A total of 16 patients presenting with sideswipe injuries around the elbow were managed, and functional results were evaluated between June 2014 and June 2017. Eleven of these patients were males and five were females. The injuries were sustained in the age group between 20 and 50 years. Thirteen patients were affected on the right side and three patients were affected on the left side. Road traffic accident was the cause in all patients. Principles of management followed were first, debridement and stabilization of fractures; second, vascular repair; third, repeated debridement; fourth, nerve repair; and fifth, soft tissue cover. Internal fixation was used as a stabilization modality in all patients ranging from minimal fixation to plating and graft. Primary nerve and tendon repair was carried out in two cases. Skin graft was done in two cases. Mayo elbow performance score was used for evaluation of the results.

Results

The average follow-up period was 23.3 months (12–36 months). A total of 12 cases underwent internal fixation for open injuries of the humerus, radius, and ulna, and four required extraoperative interference, including nerve repair in two cases and skin graft in two cases. The functional outcome according to Mayo elbow performance score was excellent (score >90) in two cases (12.5%), good (score 75–89) in 11 cases (68.75%), fair (score 60–74) in two cases (12.5%), and poor (score <60) in one cases (6.25%).

Conclusion

Sideswipe should be managed timely, aggressively, and an algorithmic procedure should be followed to attain best results. The injury pattern is different for which a multispecialty approach is needed, and an orthopedic, vascular and plastic surgeon must be implicated. Limb salvage is possible in most cases. Educational programs, appropriate legislation, traffic condition improvements, and car design improvements should be encouraged to prevent these complex and devastating injuries.
Distal tibial fractures
Authors: Motawea Bahaa A.
Published: November 2021

Background

Distal tibial fractures are notorious for being associated with skin complications such as wound dehiscence and infection. The use of angle-stable external locked plate has a dual advantage, acting as an external fixator, which avoids the complications associated with conventional open surgery, and avoiding the cumbersome bulky external frames traditionally used for lower limb fractures. Moreover, joint spanning is not necessary in this technique, leaving the ankle joint free, avoiding joint stiffness commonly associated with the conventional frames.

Patients and methods

A total of 56 patients with closed distal tibial fractures were randomly assigned in two equal groups. Group A comprised patients treated with the conventional open reduction and internal fixation, whereas group B comprised patients treated with external locked plate (supracutaneous plate). The patients were assessed according to the Klemn and Borner scoring system at the end of follow-up.

Results

Group B patients had significantly better clinical and radiological outcome than group A. The union in group B was more rapid (12.96±2.74 weeks) than in group A (18.68±12.12 weeks), with a statistically significant difference between them. The rate of complications was significantly less in the group B, with only three patients having superficial self-limiting infection in comparison with group A, with 11 patients having deep infection and skin dehiscence with exposure of the plate. None of the cases of group B developed implant failure, whereas seven cases in group A developed implant failure.

Conclusion

Treatment of closed distal tibial fractures by external locked plate could result in a better functional outcome than conventional open reduction and internal fixation, while avoiding the skin complications associated with the conventional plating.

Level of evidence

Level II: prospective randomized double-blinded study.
Arthroscopic Bankart repair
Authors: Elbigawi Hossam , Ahmed Abdel-Salam A.
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Arthroscopic Bankart repair is a common procedure for treatment of recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation all over the world. Different studies compared the outcome of transglenoid sutures after different modifications with the outcome of suture anchors and they found no significant difference between the two procedures.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare the long-term results of the modified transglenoid sutures through two holes and the use of suture anchors .

Patients and methods

Seventy patients were included in this study (42 for the transglenoid group and 28 for the second group). The mean follow-up period for the first (transglenoid) group was 7.19 years (range 5–11) and for the second (anchor) group 6.93 years (range 5–12).

Results

There is a significant difference in both groups between the preoperative and postoperative Rowe scores (P=0.000), while there is insignificance when comparing the two groups. Six patients (14.3%) in the transglenoid group suffered from recurrence of instability (two dislocations and four subluxations). Two of them needed second operation (open Laterjet procedure). In the anchor group, four (14.2%) patients suffered recurrence of symptoms of instability (two dislocations and two subluxations). Two of them required second operation. One patient of the first group suffered infection related to the sutures and the knot that required removal of the suture material.

Conclusion

Modified transglenoid suture technique is quietly equal to the repair with suture anchors for treatment of recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability.
Computerized tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation for osteoid osteoma
Authors: El Naggar Ahmed , Shaban Mohamed H.
Published: November 2021

Background

Osteoid osteoma (OO) is an osteogenic bone tumor. Clinically, it is characterized by night pain that improves with NSAID treatment. It appears in radiography as a small radiolucent nidus with sclerosis of the surrounding bone. Surgical excision is the classic treatment of choice. However, many noninvasive procedures have been used to avoid the morbidity associated with surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of modified technique of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the management of OO.

Patients and methods

A total of 37 patients with OO were treated with percutaneous computed tomography-guided RFA. Overall, 24 lesions were located in the femur, 10 in the tibia, two in the acetabulum, and one in scapula. The diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, radiographs, computed tomography scan, and bone scintigraphy. Bone drilling was used to make a track to reach the nidus. The average follow-up period was 37 months.

Results

A total of 36 patients became pain free within a period of 12 h 3 weeks after the procedure. One patient experienced a milder form of pain. One patient had transient sciatica, which improved using corticosteroids and NSAIDs. Two patients had soft tissue infection treated using antibiotics. No recurrence was reported for at least 2.5 years.

Conclusions

RFA is a safe and effective treatment for OO lesions, especially for lesions, which is difficult to be managed surgically. The use of a bone drill facilitates the technique and decreases the operative time.
Cost-effective technique for medial meniscus posterior root tear repair
Authors: Zakaria Zeiad M. , Ghazi Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Purpose

This study aimed at determining the effectiveness of medial meniscus posterior root repair by transosseous pull-out sutures, relying on readily available tools.

Patients and methods

Thirty-four patients, aged between 18 and 49 years old of both sexes, with isolated post-traumatic meniscal root tear, operated between September 2013 and September 2015, were prospectively evaluated clinically in terms of Lysholm and Tegner scoring systems. Successful repair was measured by improvement of gap sign, ghost sign, and meniscal extrusion.

Results

The study group had 18 females and 16 males, mean age was 40.8±6.9 years, mean BMI was 30.5±4.9 kg/m2. The mean follow-up duration was 24.5 months. Lysholm and Tegner scores improved significantly (P=0.000). Complete healing occurred in 20 cases (P=0.000), and partial healing in 10 cases (P=0.000), failure occurred in four cases. Both absolute and relative meniscal extrusion decreased by −1.2±1.5 mm (P=0.01) and −0.12±0.15 (P=0.007), respectively.

Conclusions

Meniscal root repair by transosseous pull-out suture is a cost-effective and reproducible technique that yields good structural and functional results. This was objectively confirmed both functionally and radiologically in 88% of cases fixed by this technique.
An Observational Study of Mucocutaneous Manifestations among SARS-CoV-2 Patients from Three COVID-19 Dedicated Tertiary Care Centers
Authors: Mohta Alpana , Mohta Achala , Nai Radhe Shyam , Arora Aakanksha , Jain Suresh Kumar , Mohta Alok , Mehta Rajesh Dutt , Ghiya Bhikam Chand , Prasad Vijeta , Khokhar Rajesh , Toteja Rajat , Bha`rgava Gaurav
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

Ever since the outbreak of COVID-19, the respiratory system has been the chief focus of researches, however, understanding the impact of this disease on the integumentary system is just as essential.

Objectives:

We aimed at collecting data on any cutaneous manifestation arising in patients with active and recovering COVID-19 infection, or a direct consequence of the infection's treatment, and correlating these findings with systemic disease severity and duration.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted in three tertiary care centers from Rajasthan, India, to acquire data of laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 presenting with any mucocutaneous manifestation.

Results:

Eight predominant patterns of dermatological involvement were seen, namely, maculopapular (14.59%), urticarial (13.17%), perniotic (12.1%), pityriasis rosea (11.74%), acral erythema/edema (10.3%), petechial (4.63%), vesicular (2.49%), and livedo (1.78%). Rare findings included eruptive pseudoangioma, eruptive hypomelanosis, alopecia parvimaculata, geographic tongue, chikungunya-like hyperpigmentation, and nail changes. On correlating these findings with the gradient of the disease, livedo, vasculitis, exfoliation, and erythroderma were associated with severe disease, whereas perniosis and eruptive pseudoangioma were seen in mild illness.

Conclusion:

We reported a few previously unpublished skin manifestations of COVID-19, namely, geographic tongue, chikungunya-like pigmentation, eruptive hypomelanosis, and alopecia parvimaculata. This study provides a visual description of the muco-cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 disease which could aid a dermatologist or physician in early diagnosis of this novel infection, especially in a resource-poor setting.
Microblading and the Science Behind it
Authors: Marwah Manjot Kaur , Kerure Amit S. , Marwah Gurjot S.
Published: November 2021

Eyebrows have been known to be an importance aspect of facial aesthetics and eyebrow restoration is now a part of anti-ageing procedures too. Microblading is a new technique in the field of permanent cosmetics for eyebrow restoration. Currently, it is one of the most sort after treatment in aesthetic procedures due to the curiosity and awareness raised by social media. Microblading is a form of superficial micropigmentation, wherein pigment is deposited till the papillary dermis, with the help of a manual device and a blade consisting of stacked needles. The resultant crisp, discrete hair like incisions simulate the eyebrow hair to give a natural look. The results are semi-permanent and last only 12-18 months. In the recent years, with the advancement in the instrumentation of microblading there have been several modifications in this procedure. Microblading has now found its applications not only in cosmetic treatments but also in dermatological conditions such as alopecia totalis, hypothyroidism, chemotherapy induced madarosis etc. It is a vital tool in any dermatology or cosmetic practise for its extensive applications. But with the rise in popularity of microblading, there is also a rise of untrained professionals performing it leading to a rise in its side-effects. This article aims at not only guiding on the instrumentation and procedure of microblading but also its pre and post procedure care, interaction with other aesthetic procedures and treating its complications.
Stigma Experienced by the Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Mehra Aseem , Dogra Sunil , Hazari Nandita , Malhora Nidhi , Narang Tarun , Sahoo Swapanjeet , Sharma Sunil , Handa Sanjeev , Avasthi Ajit
Published: November 2021

Background:

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis associated with psychological morbidity. Very few studies have evaluated stigma among caregivers of patients with psoriasis.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of stigma and its correlates among the caregivers of patients with psoriasis.

Methodology:

Forty-nine caregivers of patients with psoriasis were evaluated on psoriasis adapted version of caregiver of people with mental illness (CPMI) to assess internalized stigma, Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue Stigma Scale, Family Burden Inventory (FBI), Multidimensional aspect of perceived social support scale (PSS), Cognitive behavioral avoidance scale (CBAS), and Coping checklist.

Results:

Majority of the caregivers were either spouse (42.8%) or parents (36.7%) of the patients. The caregivers were involved in the care of the patients for a mean duration of 6.5(SD; 4.8) years. On CPMI, the mean score was highest for the affective domain (3.1), this was followed by affective (2.9), and behavioral (2.9) domain. Very few (12.2%) caregivers reported significantly high caregiver burden. A higher level of stigma was associated with more often use of avoidance coping. Presence of higher social support was associated with higher level of stigma as assessed by using CPMI. A higher level of caregiver burden in all the domains of FBI was associated with higher level of stigma.

Conclusion:

Stigma is highly prevalent among the caregivers of patients with psoriasis. These findings suggest that there is an urgent need to identify the stigma and address the same.
Dermatoscopy of Cutaneous Granulomatous Disorders
Authors: Chauhan Payal , Adya Keshavmurthy A.
Published: November 2021

Cutaneous granulomatous disorders represent diseases with underlying granulomas on histology and are broadly divided into infectious and noninfectious disorders. Although histology is sine qua non in diagnosis of granulomatous disorders, lately dermoscopy has come up as a useful tool assisting in diagnosis of granulomatous disorder. Dermoscopy of granulomatous disorder is characterized by localized or diffuse, structureless yellowish-orange areas, along with vessels. Dermoscopic features of granulomatous disorders can be overlapping among various disorders, but detailed accurate assessment of various findings and their pattern may be useful in differentiating among them. In addition to this, peculiar dermatoscopic findings seen can also prove useful in distinguishing between various disorders. Hereby, we discuss dermatoscopic findings of various granulomatous disorders.
Dermatoscopy of Infections and Infestations
Authors: Chatterjee Manas , Neema Shekhar
Published: November 2021

Dermoscopy is a non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of skin diseases. Entomodermoscopy is a branch of dermoscopy that deals with infections and infestations. The use of dermoscopy for diagnosis of infections and infestations is rapidly increasing as it can provide useful clues related to diagnosis and effectiveness of treatment. It serves as a useful adjunct to microbiological and histopathological examination. In some cases, like scabies dermoscopy can even clinch the diagnosis.
Dermatoscopy of Inflammatory Diseases in Skin of Color
Authors: Bhat Yasmeen J. , Jha Abhijeet K.
Published: November 2021

Dermatoscopy is a relevant in vivo diagnostic tool for inflammatory diseases of the skin that aids not only in diagnosis, but also in monitoring the response to treatment. The inflammatory diseases show dermoscopic patterns involving the vessels, scales, follicles, background hue, and special clues. This review aims to provide an overview on the use of dermoscopy in inflammatory dermatoses based on the available literature and the deviation from it in the skin of color (SOC) as there is paucity of literature in dermoscopy of inflammatory disorders in SOC. The dermatoscopic patterns in most of the inflammatory diseases in SOC are similar to that of white skin, with pigmentary changes being the prominent dermoscopic findings while vascular patterns and erythema being less evident.
Practical Guidelines to Develop and Evaluate a Questionnaire
Authors: Kishore Kamal , Jaswal Vidushi , Kulkarni Vinay , De Dipankar
Published: November 2021

Life expectancy is gradually increasing due to continuously improving medical and nonmedical interventions. The increasing life expectancy is desirable but brings in issues such as impairment of quality of life, disease perception, cognitive health, and mental health. Thus, questionnaire building and data collection through the questionnaires have become an active area of research. However, questionnaire development can be challenging and suboptimal in the absence of careful planning and user-friendly literature guide. Keeping in mind the intricacies of constructing a questionnaire, researchers need to carefully plan, document, and follow systematic steps to build a reliable and valid questionnaire. Additionally, questionnaire development is technical, jargon-filled, and is not a part of most of the graduate and postgraduate training. Therefore, this article is an attempt to initiate an understanding of the complexities of the questionnaire fundamentals, technical challenges, and sequential flow of steps to build a reliable and valid questionnaire.
Clinical, Occupational and Allergological Profile of 455 Patients with Occupational Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Mahajan Vikram K. , Mehta Karaninder Singh , Chauhan Pushpinder Singh , Sharma Reena , Sharma Anuj , Verma Yog Raj , Chandel Monika , Sharma Hitender , Sharma Jyotshna , Singh Vijay Karan , Hooda Sheenam
Published: November 2021

Objectives:

To evaluate clinical and occupational profile and common allergens in patients with occupational contact dermatitis (OCD).

Materials and Methods:

The records of 455 (M:F 2:1) patients aged 18-85 years with allergic contact dermatitis were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of OCD and patterns of dermatitis were defined by standard criteria. Indian standard series comprising 20 allergens and when suspected patient's own products were patch tested by Finn chamber method as per European Society of Contact Dermatitis guidelines and relevance of positive results was defined clinically.

Results:

Airborne contact dermatitis (27.7%), acral dermatitis (14.1%), hand dermatitis (12.9%), acrofacial dermatitis (12.7%), and facial dermatitis (10.5%) were the common patterns. Agriculturists (51.2%), homemakers (27.9%), office workers (24.6%), and construction workers (4.6%) comprised the majority. Positive patch test results in 58% cases were from parthenium (31.7%), p-paraphenylenediamine (PPD) (22.9%), nickel (16%), fragrance mix (11%), potassium dichromate (10.7%), cobalt (7.6%), and mercaptobenzothiazole (4.9%). Hair colorants, shoe chips, and shaving cream also produced relevant positive reactions. Parthenium, PPD, fragrance mix, and potassium dichromate in agriculturists; nickel, parthenium, PPD, fragrance mix, and potassium dichromate in women, and potassium dichromate and parthenium in construction workers elicited the most positive reactions. PPD and hair colorants elicited positive reaction mainly in office workers.

Conclusions:

The agriculturists, homemakers, and construction workers have OCD most frequently. Parthenium in farmers, potassium dichromate in construction workers, nickel in women, and PPD in office workers were the major contact allergens. The study is limited by its retrospective design, small number of patients, and limited number of patch test allergens.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Correlate Disease Severity in Bullous Pemphigoid Patients with Serum Levels of Autoantibodies Against BP180 and BP230
Authors: Muhammed Naziya , Korgaonkar Seema , Pradhan Vandana , Khopkar Uday S.
Published: November 2021

Context:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for BP 180 and 230 antibodies is commonly done in patients with bullous pemphigoid. We could not find much data regarding the usefulness of this test to predict the disease severity in Indian population.

Aims:

We studied the correlation of IgG anti BP180 and anti BP230 antibody titer with disease severity and clinical features in bullous pemphigoid.

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in western India.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-two clinically diagnosed treatment-naive cases of bullous pemphigoid were enrolled and investigated with skin punch biopsy, IgG anti BP180, and anti BP230 ELISA, direct immunofluorescence, and indirect immunofluorescence tests. Disease severity was assessed by calculating modified Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) score. Thirty patients with a final diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid were included in the statistical analysis. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to study correlation.

Results:

The mean ABSIS skin score was 32.81 when both tests were negative, 42.13 when only BP230 was positive, 76.28 when only BP180 was positive, and 78.16 when both were positive. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) for BP180 and ABSIS skin score was 0.6 (P value: 0.0005), and for BP230 was -0.055 (P value: 0.600).

Conclusions:

BP antibody titers correlate partially with disease severity. Anti-BP180 antibody is associated with more severe disease. Anti-BP230 antibody titer does not correlate with disease severity.
Severity of Phytophthora leaf blight disease and susceptibility of two local varieties of Colocasia to Phytophthora colocasiae Raciborski in Nsukka zone of South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ugwuja Faustina Njideka , Onaebi Chiemeka Nwakaego , Chiejina Nneka Virginia , Ugwuoke Kelvin Ikechukwu
Published: November 2021

Leaf-blight disease of Colocasia caused by Phytophthora colocasiae Raciborski has been a serious impediment to cocoyam production in Nigeria. Disease severity and susceptibility of the two most cultivated local varieties “Ugwuta” (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum) and “Nkashi Colocasia esculenta var. esculenta) were investigated. Disease severity was visually estimated as the percentage leaf surface affected by blight, lesion or lesion-related chlorosis for each leaf of a plant using a seven-point scale of 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in three locations: Ede-Oballa, Nsukka Urban and Obukpa. Susceptibility was assessed on 2 months old potted plants of each variety inoculated with a 7-day old culture of P. colocasiae. Diameters of lesions on inoculated leaves were recorded from the 3rd - 8th day after inoculation.  Data on severity were subjected to ANOVA and susceptibility of the varieties was compared with t-test. Results revealed significant LSD=4.96 (0.05) and varying degrees of leaf blight severity among varieties and locations. Variety antiquorum had significantly higher severities of 42.08, 46.40 and 47.42% at Ede-Oballa, Nsukka Urban and Obukpa respectively, compared to 34.85, 36.55 and 28.19% recorded by var. esculenta at these locations, respectively. Similarly, var. antiquorum had greater lesion diameter ranging from 0.65±0.07 cm - 3.70±0.14 cm and average diameter of 2.4±0.16cm compared to var. esculenta which had 0.41±0.14cm - 3.12±0.19 cm and average diameter of 1.80±0.16. This research has shown that varieties and locations affect the severity and susceptibility of Phytophthora leaf blight disease. This could be a guide to farmers having known that var. esculenta is less severe to Phytophthora leaf blight disease.
Resiliencia y psicoterapia
Authors: Pedroso-Roller Taimy
Published: November 2021

La resiliencia es la capacidad que tienen los sujetos, grupos o comunidades para desarrollarse favorablemente a pesar de las dificultades y situaciones negativas que hayan podido enfrentar. A través de los años el término resiliencia ha ganado una gran importancia para la psicología y el trabajo psicoterapéutico. Esta revisión bibliográfica tuvo como objetivo exponer algunos de los antecedentes de resiliencia, los factores de riesgo, de protección, así como el potencial que tiene la resiliencia y su relación con la psicoterapia. Se identificaron los factores de riesgos y aquellos que generan resiliencia. Esta capacidad de afrontar con un enfoque positivo las adversidades del medio puede ser mejorada con la acción del tutor de resiliencia. Esta intervención puede contribuir a minimizar los factores de riesgo que disminuyen la eficacia terapéutica y potencializa la capacidad de generar resiliencia en los individuos grupos o comunidades objeto de estudio.

Palabras clave: resiliencia, psicología, psicoterapéutica, tutor.
A Survey on VANET Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Erritali Mohammed , El Ouahidi Bouabid
Published: November 2021

In recent years, the security issues on Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become one of the primary concerns. The VANET is inherently very vulnerable to attacks than wired network because it is characterized by high mobility, shared wireless medium and the absence of centralized security services offered by dedicated equipment such as firewalls and authentication servers. Attack countermeasures such as digital signature and encryption, can be used as the first line of defense for reducing the possibilities of attacks. However, these techniques have limited prevention in general, and they are designed for a set of known attacks. They are unlikely to avoid most recent attacks that are designed to circumvent existing security measures. For this reason, there is a need of second technique to “detect and notify” these newer attacks, i.e. “intrusion detection”. This article aims to present and classify current techniques of Intrusion Detection System (IDS) aware VANETs.
A probability problem suitable for Problem-Based Learning
Authors: González-Santander Juan Luis
Published: November 2021

We propose a simple probability problem for undergraduate level. This problem involves different branches of Mathematics, such as Graph Theory, Linear Algebra or hypergeometric sums, hence it is quite suitable to be used as Problem-Based Learning. In addition, the problem allows several variations so that it may be proposed to different groups of students at the same time.
Impresión 3D por modelado por deposición fundida: Manejo, funcionamiento y aplicaciones biomédicas
Authors: Cano Vicent Alba , Serrano Aroca Ángel
Published: November 2021

El desarrollo de la impresión 3D está creciendo de forma exponencial debido a la posibilidad única que proporciona de poder fabricar piezas a medida de forma reproducible y personalizada. Aunque todavía está lejos de su desarrollo óptimo debido a la todavía lenta velocidad de impresión y a las limitaciones que supone el no poder disponer de todo tipo de material para imprimir en 3D, está tecnología está abarcando áreas de aplicación de todo tipo que van desde la construcción de edificios hasta el desarrollo de órganos. Dentro de todas las técnicas de impresión 3D desarrolladas, el modelado por deposición fundida (FDM) es una de las más utilizadas y permite construir piezas avanzadas a partir de diseño asistido por ordenador. En este artículo se exponen todos los conceptos básicos necesarios para su manejo y funcionamiento de la impresión 3D por FDM, los tipos de filamentos y su aplicación avanzada en biomedicina como la impresión 3D de soportes porosos (scaffolds en inglés) para ingeniería tisular y la bioimpresión de células combinadas con biomateriales.
ON THE NATURE OF COHERENTS IN THE SYSTEM OF OSCILLATORS
Authors: Kuklin V.M.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the transition to the regime of induced radiation of a system of oscillators in the classical and the quantum cases. This transition occurs due to synchronization by the integral field of the phases of a small part of oscillator-emitters. In the quantum analogue of this model, it is shown that the formation of an induced (and, therefore, coherent, as noted by Ch. Towns) pulse of the field is due to the interference of nutation of population inversion in different regions of the system of oscillators. The law of spatial variation of the field intensity is deter-mined by the dispersion characteristics of the system and the level of absorption or output of the radiation energy. Only a small fraction of oscillators provide induced radiation: 8% in the classical case and half as much in the case of a quantum system, where a change in the sign of population inversion in the regions of the highest field values significantly affects the limitation of the radiation intensity.
Infiltrações intra-articulares com corticosteroides na osteoartrite de joelho
Authors: Lomonte Andrea Barranjard Vannucci
Published: November 2021

A infiltração intra-articular (IA) com corticosteroides é uma opção terapêutica eficaz para a osteoartrite (OA) de joelho, podendo ser utilizada na falha da terapia com agentes orais ou tópicos. Uma revisão sistemática com metanálise mostrou sua superioridade em comparação aos AINEs no controle da dor na OA de joelho, a qual pode ser devida, em parte, ao efeito placebo relacionado ao procedimento. Seus benefícios são observados, principalmente, no curto prazo, em quatro semanas. Entretanto, alguns estudos sugerem benefício até 26 semanas após o procedimento.
O mecanismo de ação dos corticosteroides intra-articulares é complexo. Os corticosteroides apresentam tanto efeito anti-inflamatório quanto imunossupressor, agindo diretamente nos receptores nucleares de esteroides, interrompendo a cascata inflamatória e imune em vários níveis. Promovem a redução da permeabilidade vascular e inibem o acúmulo de células inflamatórias, a fagocitose e a produção de metaloproteinases e de superóxido de neutrófilo, impedindo, dessa forma, a síntese e a secreção de mediadores inflamatórios, como as prostaglandinas e leucotrienos. Dessa forma, levam a uma redução nos sinais inflamatórios articulares e a um aumento na viscosidade do líquido sinovial devido a um aumento na concentração do ácido hialurônico.
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT OF SALINITY ON GROWTH, NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION AND CHLOROPHYLL IN SUGARCANE VARIETIES MEX 69-290 AND CP 72-2086
Authors: Castañeda Castro Odón , Pastelín Solano Miriam Cristina , Trejo Téllez Libia Iris , Solano Pastelín Eduardo Ariel , Gómez Merino Fernando Carlos
Published: November 2021

ugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is moderately sensitive to salinity and the effects on plant performance vary according to stress level and genotype. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of salt stress induced by application of different NaCl levels in the irrigation solution on plant height, indirect index of chlorophylls (SPAD), and macronutrients concentration (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) and Na in leaves of two sugarcane varieties: CP 72-2086 and Mex 69-290. The experiment was set in a completely randomized design with a 2×5 factorial arrangement. The study factors were sugarcane variety (CP 72-2086 and Mex 69-290) and NaCl concentration (0.0, 71.8, 143.6, 215.4, and 282.7 mM NaCl). Salinity as a single factor negatively affected plant height, SPAD units and N and P concentration in leaves; Ca concentrations increased, while K, Mg and S remained unaffected by the tested NaCl levels. Mex 69-290 grew higher and concentrated greater levels of N and K. Interactions of factors showed that salinity reduced growth in both varieties, but this reduction was more pronounced in CP 72-2086. SPAD units were also significantly reduced by salinity in both varieties. Concentrations of N and P in leaves decreased in both varieties in response to NaCl, while those of K and Ca increased in Mex 69-290. Concentration of Na was higher in Mex 69-290 which exhibited better performance than CP 72-2086. Sodium concentrations in leaves increased in direct relation to the tested NaCl concentrations. Mex 69-290 reached higher concentrations of Na in leave tissues but displayed better health than CP 72-2086. Thus, the variety Mex 69-290 showed more efficient Na-tolerance mechanisms related to Ca and K concentrations, and an indirect chlorophyll index better than CP 72-2086.