bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kebersihan Lingkungan di Pondok Pesantren Putri Tahfidzul Qur’an Sirojul Ulum Semanding Pare
Authors: Mustajib
Published: August 2020

Lingkungan yang bersih tentunya menjadi idaman bagi semua orang, baikdilingkungan rumah maupun di lingkungan mereka bekerja, untuk mewujudkankebersihan diperlukan kesadaran dari diri sendiri disetiap lini sudut kehidupanagar kebersihan tidak hanya impian saja tapi perlu perwujudan action.

Terlebih kebersihan di lingkungan pondok pesantren sebab lingkungan tersebutmenjadi tempat para santri menuntut ilmu yang membutuhkan keindahan,kenyamanan,kebersihan dan tentunya tidak kalah penting yaitu lingkunganyang sehat, dalam artikel ini kami akan focus membahas kebersihan dilingkungan pondok pesantren putri tahfidzil Qur’an sirojul ulum semandingpare. bagaimana kebiasaan karakteristik para santri dalam hal menangganikebersihan lingkungan, perawatan, serta penanganannya pada setiap harinya.
ATTRACTIVENESS OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN CALABARZON: INPUTS TO BUSINESS OPERATIONS INITIATIVES
Authors: Valdez Elroy Joseph
Published: August 2020

This study will identify the attractiveness of tourism in CALABARZON. More specifically: it will to evaluate the level of attractiveness of tourism industry in CALABARZON in terms of cultural proximity, destination environment, price, destination image, risk and reward, and geographical proximity; to test if investment climate significantly affects attractiveness of tourism industry in CALABARZON; to propose a tourism development plan based on the results. The researcher used descriptive method to determine the investment climate and attractiveness of tourism industry in CALABARZON. The questionnaire is one of the major instruments used by the researcher to gather and collect the needed data.  Results showed that majority of the respondents belonged to the young age group, female, single, college graduate and has an average income. The tourists, local residents and local government unit all agreed that CALABARZON region is moderately attractive to tourists due to competitors of tourist destination on the good services provided among them. Investment climate has an effect on the attractiveness of the tourism industry in CALABARZON region. The researcher proposed business operations initiative win order for the tourism industry in CALABARZON region more competitive.
CALCULATION OF THE STOPPING POWER OF ALPHA PARTICLES AND ITS RANGE IN BONE TISSUE
Authors: Jabbar Younis Taghreed Abdull , Mahmood Hady Firas
Published: August 2020

With the advancement of modern radiotherapy technology, radiation dose and dose distribution have significantly improved. as part of Natural development, interest has recently been renewed by treatment, especially in the use of heavy charged particles, because these radiation types serve theoretical advantages in all biological and physical aspects. The interactions of alpha particle with matter were studied and the stopping powers of alpha particle with Bone Tissue were calculated by using Zeigler’s formula and SRIM software, also the Range for this particle were calculated by using Mat lab language for (0.01-1000) MeV alpha energy.
Anti-Asian Racism in the Shadow of COVID-19 in the USA: Reported Incidents, Psychological Implications, and Coping Resources
Authors: Edara Inna Reddy
Published: August 2020

Racism, which has been a deeply rooted feature of so many human societies across the world for centuries, has become rampant in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the past racism was thought to be as somehow “natural” or “biological.” Later on, sociologists recognized “race” as a socially and culturally constructed ideology, which exists in a society at both the individual and institutional levels. Further down the timeline, psychologists viewed racism as an individual or a collective psychological defensive mechanism generated by feelings of fear, insecurity, and anxiety in the face of imminent or presumed internal or external threat. No matter how it is described, racism has become rampant in the shadow of COVID-19, manifested in the incidents of racial slurs and verbal abuse, online bullying, physical attacks, vandalism, and others. It took the forms of white supremacy, xenophobia, Sinophobia, and institutional and aversive racism. It was institutionalized, politicized, and religionized. Given this increasing occurrence of racism triggered by COVID-19, this paper tried to trace the historical roots of racism, followed by the analysis of the specific incidents of anti-Asian racism and discrimination related to COVID-19 in the United States. This paper also sketched the psychological implications of racism and some coping mechanisms for the victims.
Mental Health Issues of the Medical Workforce during COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Domenicano Ilaria
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency. As we write, the world counts more than 10 million positive cases and more than 500 thousand deaths. The difficult conditions faced by healthcare workers helping with the COVID-19 pandemic are leading to severe adverse mental health consequences. The aim of this review is to summarize and analyze the mental health issues that healthcare workers are experiencing during the COVID-19 outbreak. We conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the healthcare workforce’s mental health disorders. About 145 articles were retrieved for the period between January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020. After screening, 27 articles were selected for full-text examination, 13 were included in the review. Of the studies included, 69% (9/13) and 61% (8/13) investigated depression and anxiety, respectively, although other mental health disorders such as insomnia, distress, stress, and fear were also assessed. Most of the healthcare workers in the studies reported high levels of stress, anxiety, and severe symptoms of depressions. Caregivers are working under high levels of pressure, in a high-risk environment, and are dealing with many physical and psychological challenges. Appropriate actions and well-timed psychological support to protect medical workers’ mental health should be considered.
Ceramic Panel for Sound Insulation Application
Authors: Wan Maliki Wan Aiman Hakim , Zainulabidin Muhd Hafeez
Published: August 2020

In order to reduce noise nowadays, many researcher find different way to solve this problem. One of the ways to reduce noise is by using a sound insulation. This research has been conducted in order to produce high density sound insulation panel made from ceramic. The fabrication of ceramic panel undergo several processes which are milling, mixing, forming, drying and sintering process. The ceramic panel of different  types of forming were developed as square plate 110mm x 110 mm with a constant thickness of 5 mm. Type of forming were used for this particular study are slip casting and uniaxial press. The composition used were 100 % clay and 90% + 10 % clay cement. The transmission loss were determined by using acoustic insulation test. The apparatus consists of sound level meter, portable speaker and computer. The Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) were taken at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz which based on 1 octave frequency bands. The analysis shown that the sample 90 % + 10 % clay cement casting has the higher transmission loss in the lower frequency region, the sample 90 % + 10 % clay cement uniaxial press has the higher transmission loss in the middle frequency region and lastly the sample 100 % clay uniaxial press has the higher transmission loss in higher frequency region. The sample also were tested using Charpy impact test in order to gain their impact energy and impact strength. The tests were according to ASTM-D256. Charpy impact test can determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. The analysis shown that the impact energy of the ceramic panel have a small percentage different. It can be concluded that uniaxial press is better than the slip casting in forming ceramic insulation panel.
Effect depositions parameters on the characteristics of Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 nanocomposite films prepared by DC reactive magnetron Co-Sputtering technique
Authors: Mahdi Tawfiq S. , Kadhim Firas J.
Published: August 2020

In this work, spinel ferrites (NiCoFe2O4) were prepared as thin films by dc reactive dual-magnetron co-sputtering technique. Effects of some operation parameters, such as inter-electrode distance, and preparation conditions such as mixing ratio of argon and oxygen in the gas mixture, on the structural and spectroscopic characteristics of the prepared samples were studied. For samples prepared at inter-electrode distance of 5 cm, only one functional group of OH- was observed in the FTIR spectra as all bands belonging to the metal-oxygen vibration were observed. Similarly, the XRD results showed that decreasing the pressure of oxygen in the gas mixture lead to grow more crystal planes in the samples prepared at inter-electrode distance of 5 cm. The energy band gap was determined for the sample prepared with mixing ratio of 65:35 and found to be 2.7, 2 and 3.35 eV for direct allowed, direct forbidden and indirect allowed transitions, respectively. The high structural purity was confirmed as no traces for any elements other than Co, Ni, Fe and O were found in the final samples.
Метод генерування складеного хаотичного сигналу радіолокаційних систем
Authors: Васюта К.С. , Кащишин О.Л.
Published: August 2020

В роботі представлено метод генерування складеного хаотичного сигналу радіолокаційних систем на основі безлічі взаємно-ортогональних послідовностей хаотичних реалізацій. З метою підвищення роздільної здатності та структурної скритності зондуючого сигналу радіолокаційних станцій запропоновано періодично виконувати, по деякому закону, перестановку ортогональних псевдовипадкових хаотичних послідовностей. Запропоновано формувач хаотичних несучих складеного хаотичного сигналу, який виконано на базі генератору тактових імпульсів, сигнального процесору та цифро-аналогового перетворювача. Представлено структурну схему системи передачі та прийому зондуючого радіолокаційного сигналу, яка дозволить привести цифрову хаотичну послідовність, що згенеровано за допомогою сигнального процесора, до аналогового вигляду. Показано, що отримана часова реалізація хаотичної несучої подібна до білого шуму (шуму спостереження). При застосуванні сформованої складеної хаотичної несучої з’являється можливість підвищити роздільнуу здатність та скритність функціонування радіолокаційних систем.
Аналіз способів та засобів щодо зниження демаскуючих чинників пересувних електростанцій в умовах ведення бойових дій
Authors: Лагутін Г.І. , Уваров В.М. , Смола Я.А. , Юр’єв О.О.
Published: August 2020

В статті проаналізовані особливості пересувних електростанцій комплексів озброєння та військової техніки як джерел акустичного випромінювання, проаналізовані способи зниження демаскуючих чинників пересувних електростанції у складі військових підрозділів, які розгорнуті в польових умовах, та на підставі аналізу особливостей їх використання для забезпечення енергопостачання в таких умовах надані пропозиції щодо застосування технічних засобів зниження рівня акустичного випромінювання пересувних електростанцій комплексів озброєння та військової техніки Збройних Сил України.
KEANEKARAGAMAN, KERAPATAN, DAN DOMINANSI CACING TANAH DI BENTANG ALAM PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK
Authors: Mambrasar Rini , Krey Keliopas , Ratnawati Sita
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKCacing tanah memiliki peran ekologis yang sangat esensi dalam tanah. Dalam kondisi alamiah keanekaragaman, kerapatan dan dominansi spesies cacing tanah sangat dipengaruhi oleh letak geografis, kondisi biotik dan abiotik habitat, termasuk iklim. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman, kerapatan dan dominansi spesies cacing tanah di bentang alam Pegunungan Arfak. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di empat habitat berbeda mewakili dataran rendah hingga dataran tinggi yaitu Laguna Kabori, Sungai Prafi, Danau Anggi Giji dan Sungai Iray Anggi. Total 56 individu diidentifikasi menjadi tujuh spesies mewakili tiga famili yaitu Lumbricidae, Eudrilidae, dan Megascolecidae berdasarkan ciri-ciri morfologi antara lain: bentuk tubuh, panjang tubuh, jumlah segmen, letak dan warna klitelum, permukaan kulit, prostomium, gerakan, lubang dorsal dan warna tubuh. Hasil analisis terhadap faktor abiotik menunjukan bahwa suhu, kelembaban dan pH merupakan kunci penting bagi distribusi, keanekaragaman, kelimpahan dan dominansi spesies cacing tanah di bentang alam Pegunungan Arfak.
Estimation of Latent Regression Item Response Theory Models Using a Second-Order Laplace Approximation
Authors: Andersson Björn , Xin Tao
Published: August 2020

The estimation of high-dimensional latent regression item response theory (IRT) models is difficult because of the need to approximate integrals in the likelihood function. Proposed solutions in the literature include using stochastic approximations, adaptive quadrature, and Laplace approximations. We propose using a second-order Laplace approximation of the likelihood to estimate IRT latent regression models with categorical observed variables and fixed covariates where all parameters are estimated simultaneously. The method applies when the IRT model has a simple structure, meaning that each observed variable loads on only one latent variable. Through simulations using a latent regression model with binary and ordinal observed variables, we show that the proposed method is a substantial improvement over the first-order Laplace approximation with respect to the bias. In addition, the approach is equally or more precise to alternative methods for estimation of multidimensional IRT models when the number of items per dimension is moderately high. Simultaneously, the method is highly computationally efficient in the high-dimensional settings investigated. The results imply that estimation of simple-structure IRT models with very high dimensions is feasible in practice and that the direct estimation of high-dimensional latent regression IRT models is tractable even with large sample sizes and large numbers of items.
Insights on Variance Estimation for Blocked and Matched Pairs Designs
Authors: Pashley Nicole E. , Miratrix Luke W.
Published: August 2020

Evaluating blocked randomized experiments from a potential outcomes perspective has two primary branches of work. The first focuses on larger blocks, with multiple treatment and control units in each block. The second focuses on matched pairs, with a single treatment and control unit in each block. These literatures not only provide different estimators for the standard errors of the estimated average impact, but they are also built on different sets of assumptions. Neither literature handles cases with blocks of varying size that contain singleton treatment or control units, a case which can occur in a variety of contexts, such as with different forms of matching or poststratification. In this article, we reconcile the literatures by carefully examining the performance of variance estimators under several different frameworks. We then use these insights to derive novel variance estimators for experiments containing blocks of different sizes.
Academic Publishing and the Referees' Reports: A Genre-Based Study
Authors: Kareem Zghayyir Al-Saaidi Sawsan , Hassan Al-Ubaidi Abdul-Ameer
Published: August 2020

Peer review (RP) process as an academic genre is a pivotal step to certify the research quality to be published by enhancing peer perspectives and imparting credibility. The aim of this paper is to scrutinise the formal, cognitive structuring, the significant evaluative features and pragmatic value. To address this aim, a framework based on Bhatia’s (1993) cognitive structuring model and Fortanet's (2008) model of moves is adopted to analyse two referees' reports from two various disciplines namely Social Sciences and Veterinary Medicine solicited from Iraqi academicians. The findings unravel that there is a special format that followed by referees in their reports concerning the balanced use of positive/ negative comments along with the structural organization adopted. The generic structuring of the two analysed reports includes four paramount moves that are similar despite they are from two different disciplines. In addition, the most notably comments assigned by referees' reports are content related defects which are amalgamated with the use of language written.
Evaluating the Benefit of Hearing Aids with Motion-Based Beamformer Steering in a Real-World Setup
Authors: Voss Solveig Christina , Pichora-Fuller M Kathleen , Ishida Ieda , Pereira April Emily , Seiter Julia , ElGuindi Nadim , Kuehnel Volker , Qian Jinyu
Published: August 2020

Background:Conventional directional hearing aid microphone technology would obstruct listening intentions in walking situations when the talker and listener walk side by side. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate hearing aids that use a motion sensor to address listening needs during walking. Methods:Participants were 22 older adults with moderate-to-severe hearing loss and experience using hearing aids. Each participant completed two walks in randomized order, one walk with each of two hearing aid programs: 1) a conventional classifier that activated an adaptive, multiband beamformer in loud environments and 2) a classifier that additionally utilized motion-based beamformer steering. Participants walked along a pre-defined track and completed tasks assessing speech understanding and environmental awareness. Results:Most participants preferred the motion-based beamformer steering for speech understanding, environmental awareness, overall listening, and sound quality (p<0.05). Additionally, measures of speech understanding (p<0.01) and localization of sound stimuli (p<0.05) were significantly better with the motion-based beamformer steering than with the conventional classifier.Conclusion:The results suggest that hearing aid users benefit from classifiers that use motion sensor input to adapt the signal processing according to the user’s activity. The real-world setup of this study had limitations but also high ecological validity.
HTAD: A Home-Tasks Activities Dataset with Wrist-accelerometer and Audio Features
Authors: Garcia-Ceja Enrique , Thambawita Vajira , Hicks Steven , Jha Debesh , Jakobsen Petter , Hammer Hugo L. , Halvorsen Pål , Riegler Michael
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we present HTAD: A Home Tasks Activities Dataset. The dataset contains wrist-accelerometer and audio data from people performing at-home tasks such as sweeping, brushing teeth, washing hands, or watching TV. These activities represent a subset of activities that are needed to be able to live independently. Being able to detect activities with wearable devices in real-time has the potential for the realization of assistive technologies with applications in different domains such as elderly care and mental health monitoring. Preliminary results show that using machine learning with the dataset leads to promising results, but also that there is still improvement potential. By making this dataset public, researchers can test different machine learning algorithms for activity recognition, especially, sensor data fusion methods.
An « unorthodox » pathophysiology of severe cases of COVID-19 The « weak heme » hypothesis
Authors: ZAMD Mohamed , Chkairi Naoufal Mtioui , Ramdani Benyounès
Published: August 2020

Important amount of severe cases is the main concern in COVID-19 pandemic. It could be the running cause of the burn out of the health system in many countries. The aim of this paper is to suggest a pathophysiologic hypothesis to explain the main characteristics of severe cases of COVID-19 and its underlying conditions. In fact, the clinical and biological picture of severe cases of COVID-19 can easily be explained by free heme toxicity exceeding the endogenous antioxidant systems. Severe cases of COVID-19 are comparable to acute porphyria. On the other hand, the geographical distribution of severe cases of COVID-19 is directly associated to how fresh or polluted the air is. Finally, the relatively low rate of severe cases of COVID-19 could be explained by the presence of an unstable hemoglobin variant highly sensitive to the intrinsic conditions resulting from the acute pneumonia secondary to SARS-CoV2 infection. The combination of air pollution and free heme toxicity, resulting from the interaction between an unstable hemoglobin variant and SARS-CoV2 infection, seems to be the best scheme to explain clinical and biological manifestations in severe COVID-19. The arguments to support this hypothesis are detailed. We also propose some strategies to verify the concordance of our hypothesis with the reality and the implications it could have, if verified, either for scientists and decision makers.
Jurors' expectations and decision-making: Revisiting the CSI effect
Authors: Lodge Chloe , Zloteanu Mircea
Published: August 2020

It has been argued that the rise in popularity of crime show dramas over the past few years has led to jurors holding unrealistic expectations regarding the type of evidence presented at trial. This has been coined the CSI effect. We investigated the CSI effect and the less well-known Tech effect-assigning more weight to evidence if obtained through technological means-and the impact of crime severity on juror decision-making. However, we argue that as time progresses, such effects will no longer be found to impact juror decision-making processes. We propose that past effects reported in the literature can be explained by considering a novelty bias. Using both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks, we tested this claim. Participants were primed with a newspaper that either contained a forensic, technology, or neutral article. They were then presented with two crime scenarios and asked to provide a verdict and a confidence rating. We find that mock jurors were unaffected by either the priming manipulation or crime severity, finding no evidence for either the CSI or Tech effects. The data suggest jurors are not as easily biased as has been previously argued in the literature, indicating a potential shift in public perceptions and expectations regarding evidence.
Digital phenotyping of complex psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hull Thomas , Levine Jacob , Bantilan Niels , Desai Angel , Majumder Maimuna S.
Published: August 2020

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has negatively impacted mortality, economic conditions, and mental health. A large scale study on psychological reactions to the pandemic to inform ongoing population-level symptom tracking and response to treatment is currently lacking.Methods: Average intake scores for standard depression and anxiety symptom scales were tracked from January 1, 2017 to June 9, 2020 for patients seeking treatment from a digital mental health service to gauge the relationship between COVID-19 and self-reported symptoms. We applied natural language processing (NLP) to unstructured therapy transcript data from patients seeking treatment during the height of the pandemic in the United States between March 1, 2020 and June 9, 2020 to identify words associated with COVID-19 mentions. This analysis was used to identify symptoms that were present beyond those assessed by standard depression and anxiety measures.Results: Depression and anxiety symptoms reported by 169,889 patients between January 1, 2017 and June 9, 2020 were identified. There was no detectable change in intake depression symptom scores. Intake anxiety symptom scores increased 1.42 scale points [95% CI: 1.18, 1.65] between March 15, 2020 and April 1, 2020, when scores peaked. In the transcript data of these 169,889 patients, plus an expanded sample of 49,267 patients without symptom reports, term frequency-inverse document frequency (tf-idf) identified 2,377 positively correlated and 661negatively correlated terms that were significantly (FDR<.01) associated with mentions of the virus. These terms were classifiable into 24 symptoms beyond those included in the diagnostic criteria for anxiety or depression.Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic may have increased intake anxiety symptoms for individuals seeking digital mental health treatment. NLP analyses suggest that standard symptom scales for depression and anxiety alone are inadequate to fully assess and track psychological reactions to the pandemic. Symptoms of grief, trauma, obsession-compulsion, agoraphobia, hypochondriasis, panic, and non- suicidal self-injury should be monitored as part of a new COVID-19 Syndrome category.
The Comparative Legislators Database
Authors: Göbel Sascha , Munzert Simon
Published: August 2020

Knowledge about political representatives’ behavior is crucial for a deeper understanding of politics and policy-making processes. Yet resources on legislative elites are scattered, often specialized, limited in scope, or not always accessible. We introduce the Comparative Legislators Database (CLD), which joins micro-data collection efforts on open-collaboration platforms and other sources, and integrates with renowned political science datasets. The CLD includes political, sociodemographic, career, online presence, public attention, and visual information for over 45,000 contemporary and historical politicians from ten countries. We provide a straightforward and open-source interface to the database through an R package, offering targeted, fast, and analysis-ready access in formats familiar to social scientists and standardized across time and space. We verify the data against human-coded datasets and illustrate its use for investigating legislator prominence and turnover. The CLD contributes to a central hub for versatile information about legislators and their behavior, supporting individual-level comparative research over long periods.
From “Thank God for Helping This Person” to “Libtards Really Jumped the Shark”: Opinion Leaders and (in)Civility in the Wake of School Shootings.
Authors: Rohlinger Deana , Williams Cynthia , Teek Mackenzie
Published: August 2020

Drawing on a qualitative analysis of 5996 tweets and 480 mainstream news stories about the Florida State University (FSU) and the Ohio State University (OSU) shootings, we examine who emerges as opinion leaders during crises, the kinds of narratives they help construct about school shootings, and the relative civility of these narratives. We find that the opinion leaders who emerge after a crisis are assumed to have local knowledge about the incident and/or are able to quickly curate information about the incident. In addition, we find that the quality of information spread by opinion leaders is critical to narrative construction and civility. The largely fact-based narratives associated with the FSU incident were far more civil than the OSU narratives, which were based on disinformation and polemics. We conclude the article by calling on scholars to take a more nuanced approach to conceptualizing and studying opinion leaders.
Strategi kampanye kreatif pengolahan sampah di permukiman padat penduduk
Authors: Wibisono Aryo Bayu , Kartika Sari Mike Nur , Pradana Andhika Putra , Karima Satriansyah Akhlaqul , Trizky Darma Ibrahnovan Suly , Saputra Ardanny Nanda
Published: August 2020

Cleanliness and waste management were common problems in city planning. The factors of the city's problems have been a varieticalistic discovery, ranging from flooding to a health factor from an unclean environment. The waste management in Surabaya is good enough but not all equally equal, especially in suburbs. This overcrowding undermines waste management, whereas Surabaya has already created a clear path to organizing the waste until mode of bus transportation that the payment based in exchange waste. It is considering it has not been able to enable people in suburbs to understand and implement the discipline on waste management. To bring the people in diciplines requires interesting methods, and motivate the people to do so. In the scholarly of design visual communication this method is called a social campaign, the objective in this research of this social campaign, to make the most nonessential organic and unorganic waste to be usefull. Data are taken from coastal area in Surabaya specifically in Tambak Wedi, Kenjeran. The population density and unclean enviroment in this area become a proper place to study. The methods used in this study are qualitative, with observational approaches to people, social experiment trials and socialization activities. This research is an applied public study, whose hope through this research that people are able to change their habits and understand about waste management
Investigation on microstructural and mechanical properties of sub-zero processed AISI 440C steel
Authors: Kumar Vignesh , Thirumurugan Rama , Shanmugam
Published: August 2020

Sub-zero processing is an effective method to enhance the mechanical properties of steel due to the complete removal of residual austenite, and better precipitation of secondary carbides. Especially, the sub-zero processing temperature significantly influences the mechanical properties of steel. In the present study, the impacts of shallow and deep sub-zero processing on the microstructure, hardness, wear characteristics, and toughness of 440C martensitic steel were evaluated. An attempt has been made to correlate the influences of microstructural changes on these measured properties. It was found that although shallow sub-zero processing was capable of reducing the amount of residual austenite, deep sub-zero processing was required for its complete removal. Due to the low-temperature martensite formation at −196 °C, deep sub-zero processed specimens possessed a twinned martensite microstructure that significantly improved their strength. Furthermore, deep sub-zero processing increased the volume of micro-carbides by driving alloying carbides to the nearby defects. Hence, deep sub-zero processing led to a 15% improvement in hardness and up to a 60% improvement in wear resistance with an 11% drop in toughness. In contrast, shallow sub-zero processing improved the hardness and wear resistance by 7% and 23%, respectively, with a 30% drop in toughness.
Structural, electrical and magnetic properties of glucose-capped CdS nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar S. , Sharma J. K. , Sharma S. K. , Dhupar A. , Sharma V. , Gaur A.
Published: August 2020

CdS nanoparticles are synthesized by a simple chemical coprecipitation technique using glucose as a capping/complexing agent and their structural, morphological, electrical and magnetic properties are studied. X-ray diffraction results reveal the pure phase formation of CdS nanoparticles along with a wurtzite structure. The interaction of the glucose with CdS nanoparticles is evident from the distinct absorption bands and peaks in the Fourier transform infrared spectra. Field effect scanning electron microscope and high resolution transmission electron microscope images depict weakly aggregated spherical nanoparticles of size ~2- 20 nm. The selective area electron diffraction pattern exhibits well-resolved diffraction rings representing the polycrystalline nature of the nanoparticles. The optical band gap has been calculated using Tauc’s plot and found to be 2.58 eV, which is higher than the band gap of the bulk phase wurtzite CdS. The existence of the excitonic peak and the blue-shift in the absorption threshold confirm the quantum confinement in the synthesized nanoparticles. The temperature dependence of d. c. conductivity is studied and observed a linear response through current-voltage characteristics. Weak ferromagnetism is also observed in the synthesized CdS nanoparticles irrespective of the diamagnetic nature of CdS in bulk form. The observation of weak ferromagnetism in the synthesized nanoparticles proposes them as a potential candidate for diluted magnetic semiconductors.
Safety in Handling of Metal Powders
Authors: Maynard Eric , Pittenger Brian H.
Published: August 2020

During metal powder production, powder and/or dust handling, compaction, and part finishing operations, many safety and environmental risks exist. This article is a detailed account of the types of safety hazards that can exist and the issues that occur during metal powder handling, as well as recommendations and strategies that can be employed to both prevent and protect against damaging effects from powder exposure, fire and/or explosions, or environmental impact events.
Modeling for Polymer Additive Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Hopkinson Neil , Rosen David
Published: August 2020

This article focuses on four industrial additive manufacturing approaches that are used to create polymer parts. The first section focuses on material extrusion, providing information on lumped-parameter material flow models and higher-fidelity models developed to estimate temperature distribution. The second section covers polymer powder-bed sintering/ fusion, discussing the different levels of scale used to address modeling and the impact of process settings: thermodynamics at the powder-bed surface, consolidation of adjacent particles in the fusion process, and fusion and molecular-level behavior within particles. The third section on vat photopolymerization (VPP) discusses two primary approaches to modeling VPP processes, namely a lumped-parameter approach to estimate cured regions in the vat, known as the Jacobs model, and a high-fidelity, continuum approach that uses finite-element methods. The final section is devoted to material jetting, focusing on simulations used to study droplet generation at the nozzle and droplet impact.
Aerosol Jetting for Multifunctional Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Pestotnik Svenja , Chahal Prem , Stepien Lukas , Ulusoy A. Cagri , Roch Aljoscha , Carradero Santiago Carolyn , MacDonald Eric
Published: August 2020

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) can digitally fabricate intricate patterns on conformal surfaces with applications that include flexible electronics and antennas on complex geometries. Given the potential performance and economic benefits, aerosol jetting was studied and compared with the well-known and competing inkjet printing (IJP). More than 35 of the most relevant, highly cited articles were reviewed, focusing on applications requiring fine features on complex surfaces. The following performance indicators were considered for the comparison of AJP and IJP, because these aspects were the most commonly mentioned within the included articles and were identified as being the most relevant for a comprehensive performance assessment: printing process, line width, overspray, complex surface compatibility, diversity of printable materials, and deposition rate. This article is an account of the results of this comparison study in terms of printing capabilities, ink requirements, and economic aspects.
Additive Manufacturing of Precious Metals
Authors: Strauss Joseph
Published: August 2020

The additive manufacturing technologies in the casting of precious metals are divided into two groups: indirect metal methods and direct metal methods. Besides providing a process overview of both of these methods, the focus of this article is on the characteristics, process steps, applications, and advantages of direct metal methods, namely laser melting, material extrusion, binder jetting, material jetting, and vat photopolymerization methods.
Additive Manufacturing of Steels and Stainless Steels
Authors: Campbell Carelyn E. , Stoudt Mark R. , Zhang Fan
Published: August 2020

This article provides a general overview of additively manufactured steels and focuses on specific challenges and opportunities associated with additive manufacturing (AM) stainless steels. It briefly reviews the classification of the different types of steels, the most common AM processes used for steel, and available powder feedstock characteristics. The article emphasizes the characteristics of the as-built microstructure, including porosity, inclusions, and residual stresses. It also reviews the material properties of AM steel parts, including hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength, as well as environmental properties with respect to corrosion resistance, highlighting the importance of postbuild thermal processing.
Powder Characterization for Metal Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wu Zheng , Yarasi Srujana Rao , Mostafaei Amir , Rollett Anthony D.
Published: August 2020

Powder-bed additive manufacturing (AM) processes are some of the most commonly used techniques, necessitating the accurate measurement of powder flowability properties. This article discusses some powder flow tests that occur in powder-bed AM machines. These include the Hall/Carney flow test, bulk/tap density, rheometer, and the revolving or rotating drum technique. The three categories of powder properties that are available from rheometer experiments are discussed: bulk, dynamic flow, and shear properties. The article also describes the basic principles and applications of micro-X-ray computed tomography in studying powder porosity characteristics nondestructively.
Binder Jetting of Ceramics
Authors: Yang Li
Published: August 2020

The highly irregular morphologies of ceramic powder particles due to their process history present a challenge to binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJ-AM) ceramic powder feedstock processability, but knowledge of powder metallurgy of ceramics benefits the development and analysis of the BJ-AM ceramic processes. Understanding BJ-AM process principles and ceramics processing challenges requires reviewing a number of fundamental principles, which this article delineates. The discussion covers the processability considerations, a brief summary of some fundamental aspects of modeling of liquid permeation in the powder bed, and process capabilities and advantages of BJ-AM technology.
Additive Manufacturing of Nickel-Base Superalloys
Authors: Kirka M.M.
Published: August 2020

This article covers the current state of materials development of nickel-base superalloys for additive manufacturing (AM) processes and the associated challenges. The discussion focuses on nickel-base superalloy fusion AM processes, providing information on typically encountered cracking mechanisms in AM nickel-base superalloys, such as solid-solution-strengthened nickel-base superalloys and precipitate-strengthened nickel-base superalloys. The mechanisms include solidification cracking, strain-age cracking, liquation cracking, and ductility-dip cracking. The article also provides a short discussion on binder jet AM and powder recyclability.
ВНЕДРЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ КОНТЕКСТНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В ПРОЦЕСС ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ БУДУЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ГОСТИНИЧНОГО И РЕСТОРАННОГО ДЕЛА
Authors: Пицул Е. С.
Published: August 2020

The article refers to the use of contextual learning technology in a university with the aim of forming creative, independently and productively thinking personality. It is proposed that to teach students on the basis of the meaning of the context of their future professional activity, and the training itself to build in connection with the dynamics of the development of the profession, providing a change in meanings, motives, goals, actions, objects and results that act as a means of solving the tasks of a specialist.
A influência da indução de professores principiantes na qualidade de ensino no 1º grau do Ensino Básico em Moçambique
Authors: Deixa Geraldo , Chicote Rosalino Subtil , Gonçalves Elisa Carlos
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo tem como objectivo analisar concepções sobre o processo pedagógico construídas por professores em início de carreira sem algum acompanhamento. A pesquisa decorreu em 2018 e foram selecionados dez professores que lecionam no Ensino Básico. Os sujeitos tinham entre 1 a 2 anos de experiência. Foi conduzida uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados em função da abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados indicam que as concepções sobre processos pedagógicos construídas pelos professores entrevistados se circunscrevem aos processos de colaboração entre professores iniciantes. Em contrapartida, a colaboração entre professores em início de carreira e os mais experientes se revela pouco exequível e problemática.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Colaboração. Indução a carreira. Desenvolvimento profissional.
Formação e prática docente: sobre a visibilidade das professoras lésbicas.
Authors: Vianna Cláudia
Published: August 2020

Este artigo traz reflexões que foram aprofundadas em uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre professoras lésbicas na Educação Básica. De modo geral, a questão que se coloca é: quais são os distintos significados de ser uma professora lésbica na Educação Básica, tendo em vista o tabu que isso ainda representa no meio escolar e as necessidades de uma educação de respeito pela diversidade? Esta consideração é fundamental, especialmente no atual momento vivido em nosso país, em que essa construção legítima de existência está sob ataque.

Além disso, problematizar a importância dessa questão na própria formação docente, sendo a visibilidade ou invisibilidade construída por essas professoras sempre pedagógica, ajuda a erigir uma série de conhecimentos e impressões sobre a diversidade sexual.
Una realidad denunciada: el crecimiento con desempleo
Authors: Guillen Antonio
Published: August 2020

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Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecemasan dan depresi pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2
Authors: Nurhayati Pipin
Published: August 2020

Physical, psychological, and social changes are the changes that occur due to the various complications that accompany the disease DM type 2. Psychological changes that occur, such as stress, and depression. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors related to anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This type of research was descriptive with cross sectional design. Sampling technique used total sampling with 60 people. The instrument used DASS 42 and BDI questioner. Data were analyzed by chi square. Chi square test results obtained factors related to anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are age (p value = 0,000), long suffering from type 2 DM (p value = 0,000), education (p value = 0,040), comorbidities (p value = 0,000) and family support (p value = 0,000). While factors which were not related to anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were impaired functional ability (p value = 0,517). Factors that related to depression in patients with type 2 DM were age (p value=0.007), education (p value = 0,001), comorbidities (p value = 0,000) and family support (p value = 0,040). While factors unrelated to anxiety of patients with type 2 DM are long period of type 2 DM (p value = 0,797) and functional ability disorder (p value = 0,435). Conclusion of the factors related to anxiety of patient with type 2 DM are age, long period of type 2 DM, education, comorbidities and family support, while factors that unrelated to anxiety of patients with type 2 DM are functional ability disorder, factors that related to depression of patients with type 2 DM are age, education, comorbidities, and family support, while factors that unrelated to depression of patients with type 2 DM are long period of type 2 DM and functional ability disorder.
Linguistic Binary Oppositions As a Way of Conceptualization of Linguistic World View
Authors:   Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева, Шахпутова Зухра , Нуртазина Марал ,   Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева
Published: August 2020

Обосновывается необходимость рассмотрения новых средств и единиц номинации в аспекте прагматической и когнитивно-дискурсивной парадигмы. Продемонстрирован основной инструмент описания эвфемизмов и дисфемизмов (Э и Д) как способов концептуализации языковой картины мира. Семантический объем представленных речевых актов (далее – РА) позволяет описать содержательный потенциал рассматриваемых речевых феноменов. Результаты семантического анализа РА Э и Д как особых типов словесно-интеллектуальной игры, механизм образования Э и Д как членов лингвистической дихотомии показали важность такого аспекта исследования представленных РА. Определены актуальные тенденции эмоционально-оценочной квалификации значения рассматриваемых феноменов. Представлен сравнительный анализ Э и Д и номинативные сферы, подлежащие перефразированию. Подробно рассмотрено cтилистическое своеобразие эвфемизмов и дисфемизмов.
Profil pH dan Volatile Suspended Solids pada Proses Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Pupuk Cair Organik Aktif sebagai co-Composting
Authors: Trisakti Bambang , Pranatha Sijabat Irvan
Published: August 2020

Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) from the palm oil processing industry is discharged to the final processing site without any use. OPEFB can be used as raw material for composting by adding active organic liquid fertilizer (ALOF). This study aims to determine the composter design of pH and volatile suspended solids (VSS) by varying the capacity of the composter so that good quality compost is produced. The composting process is done by cutting oil palm empty fruit bunches with a size of 1-3 cm then put into the composter with a capacity variations of 2, 5 and 10 kg and added active organic liquid fertilizer to reach the optimum moisture content (MC) value of 55-65%. The results of the analysis are compared with SNI 19-7030-2004. The parameters analyzed during composting are pH and VSS. The results of composting that meet the compost criteria based on SNI 19-7030-2004 are composter capacity of 5 kg, where the results obtained during composting are pH 7.5 and VSS 211.640 mg/L.
Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Alat Ukur Orientasi Pembelajaran Matematik (OPM)
Authors: Veloo Arsaythamby , Awang Hashim Rosna
Published: August 2020

Alat ukur Orientasi Pembelajaran Matematik (OPM) digunakan untuk mengukur tingkah laku individu berdasarkan lima gagasan iaitu sikap pembelajaran, kebimbangan, tabiat pembelajaran, tingkah laku penyelesaian masalah dan persekitaran pembelajaran dalam Matematik. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kesahan, kebolehpercayaan, skala dan hubungan antara gagasan OPM berdasarkan alat ukur “The Study Orientation Questionnaire in Mathematics”(SOM) yang diubahsuai. Kajian ini menggunakan 76 item daripada SOM dengan tambahan sebanyak 17 item untuk mengakses atribut afektif dalam kalangan pelajar. Seramai 195 pelajar tingkatan empat dipilih daripada sebuah sekolah menengah di negeri Kedah yang terdiri daripada 86 (44%) adalah lelaki dan 109 (56%) adalah perempuan. Dari segi kesahan alat ukur OPM (93 item), metod back translation digunakan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 12 bagi mengukur kesahan gagasan, ujian Chi-Square (Bartlett ’s Test of Sphericity) dan Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) dan ujian kebolehpercayaan (Cronbach’s alpha). Bagi skala LIKERT, WINSTEP versi 3.48 digunakan untuk menentukan bentuk respons yang dikehendaki. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan kelima-lima gagasan OPM mempunyai nilai kebolehpercayaan melebihi 0.7. Kesemua gagasan mempunyai hubungan antara satu sama lain dan ini menunjukkan keteguhan untuk mengukur OPM. Skala LIKERT yang pada mulanya mempunyai lima pilihan (12345) dĳ adikan empat pilihan (12245) dengan menggunakan step measures at interaction. Ini menunjukkan pilihan 3 (tidak pasti) terlindung di bawah pilihan 2 (tidak setuju) adalah respon yang berkadaran yang sama. Kajian ini berjaya membina alat ukur OPM yang mengandungi 72 item. Alat ukur ini telah memenuhi kriteria-kriteria psikometrik seperti kesahan, kebolehpercayaan, skala dan hubungan antara gagasan OPM untuk mengakses gagasan afektif pelajar dalam 58 pembelajaran Matematik. Oleh itu OPM dapat digunakan oleh guru, kaunselor dan pengetua untuk mengakses OPM dalam memahami atribut afektif pelajar dalam pembelajaran matematik.