bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genesis and Prospects of Legal Regulation of the Liability Institution for Contempt of Court
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Sergeeva A.A.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the main stages of the formation of the criminal law prohibition, which guarantees the maintenance of a correct form of communication when participating in court proceedings. Provisions on liability for contempt of court have undergone a long evolutionary period, in the course of which the need for the existence of special legal consequences arising in connection with insulting behavior towards judges and other participants of judicial proceedings was stated. In fact, their development accompanied the formation of judicial power in Russia. Exercising justice is an important way to resolve conflicts, as a consequence of which the current legislation establishes a special procedure for participation in court proceedings. This procedure is based on respect for the attributes of judicial power. Insulting the participants of judicial proceedings grossly contradicts the generally accepted norms of behavior in society, attacks the authority of the court, as well as the persons endowed with the status of a judge. As an intentional crime, contempt of court is accompanied by humiliation of honor and dignity of judges and other participants of court proceedings. At the same time, it has a relative prevalence, excluding both the need for decriminalization and absorption by other provisions of the law protecting the honor and dignity of the individual.
roblems of Improving the Norms on Responsibility for Corruption Offences in the Judicial
Authors:   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Tatarnikov V.G.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the issues of comparative public danger of corruption crimes committed in the executive, legislative and judicial authorities, and the specificity in the nature and degree of their public danger. It is noted that all branches of government are equivalent, they differ from each other by functional and competence filling, at the same time it is the judiciary that has wide opportunities, which are not available to other branches of government. Therefore, corruption in the judicial system disturbs the normal functioning of all parts of the government bodies’ organization, and therefore is the most dangerous phenomenon. On this basis, it is proposed to introduce amendments to the criminal legislation aimed at strengthening the responsibility of judges for crimes of corruption, primarily for bribery. In particular, the author justifies the need to supplement part 6 of Article 290 of the Criminal Code of the RF with the special qualifying sign «bribe taking by a judge», and offers to include the list of the aggravating circumstances in part 1of Article 63 of the Criminal Code of the RF the paragraph «commitment of a crime by a judge, including a retired judge». It is proposed to establish only imprisonment as the main punishment for the most dangerous crimes of corruption (bribery, giving a bribe), to introduce confiscation of property as an additional punishment (in this connection, a proposal to restore confiscation of property as an additional punishment in the General Part of the Criminal Code is made), and to exclude the possibility of a special procedure for bringing judges to criminal responsibility. According to the author, the qualification boards of judges should be left only with the authority to deal with disciplinary responsibility of judges, the actions of operational and investigative nature should also be applied to judges on a general basis.
A qualitative assessment of mothers' perceptions and behaviors in response to an intervention designed to encourage safe child feces management practices in rural Odisha, India
Authors: Williams Rebekah N. , Sclar Gloria D. , Routray Parimita , Majorin Fiona , Blais Linelle , Caruso Bethany A.
Published: April 2022

Child feces are not always safely disposed of into a latrine, potentially contributing to fecal exposure in the household environment. In India, safe disposal of child feces is a relatively uncommon practice despite gains in latrine coverage. This study took place after the delivery of a behavior change intervention that also included the provision of potties and scoops. The aims of this research were to (1) describe current child feces management (CFM) practices, (2) explore perceptions and behaviors of mothers who participated in intervention activities, and (3) assess the spillover of intervention activities in neighboring villages. Twenty-four in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted across six villages, three of which received the intervention. Using thematic analysis, we explored caregivers' descriptions of the different strategies to manage their child's feces. The study found (i) women's access to and perception of the intervention informed their knowledge, attitudes, perceived risk, and behaviors related to CFM, (ii) most women positively perceived the messages of the intervention with varying use of the tools provided for feces disposal, and (iii) there was no spillover in the neighboring villages. Our findings underscore that CFM practices must be addressed to reduce fecal contamination of the environment.
Development of current condition assessment and target definition model for water balance practices in sustainable water loss management
Authors: Bozkurt Cansu , Firat Mahmut , Yilmaz Salih , Ateş Abdullah
Published: April 2022

In water distribution systems, water losses should be defined accurately and systematically. The water balance method is one of the most basic analyzes applied in water loss management. In this study, a new method was proposed to evaluate the data quality of water balance components and application levels of water balance practices by considering a total of 27 components. The developed model was applied in 4 pilot water administrations in Turkey. The weaknesses and strengths in water balance practices were determined by considering scoring in accordance with the dynamic structure of each administration. The quality of basic data measurement components and application levels of water balance practices were found to be at a good level in Administrations II and IV, at a poor level in Administration I, and at an average level in Administration III. Moreover, quality of water balance analysis and performance monitoring practices are at a good level in Administrations II and IV, and at a poor level in Administrations I and II. Thus the components that need improvement in each administration were identified and an improvement process was suggested. It is thought that this model will make a significant contribution to the testing of current application levels of water loss management components for practitioners and decision makers.
Potential impacts of climate change on groundwater levels in Golpayegan Plain, Iran
Authors: Moghaddasi Mahnoosh , Ghaleni Mehdi Mohammadi , Akbari Mahmood , Salari Sedigheh
Published: April 2022

Groundwater level forecasting is an essential priority for planning and managing groundwater resources. This study aims to investigate the effect of climate change on the monthly groundwater level in the Golpayegan aquifer in the future (2017–2032). After a spatio-temporal analysis, the Least Squares Support Vector Regression (LSSVR) model was used to simulate the monthly groundwater level in the historical period (2002–2017). The input data included precipitation, temperature, pan evaporation, soil moisture (from the ESA CCA SM product), and groundwater level in observation wells on a monthly time-scale. Future climatic data were downloaded from the CanEsm5 model of CMIP6 for the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios and then downscaled using the Change Factor Approach (CFA). The spatial analysis of groundwater levels indicated four different behaviors in the observation wells in the Golpayegan aquifer, resulting in four different clusters using the AGNES clustering method. Historical and future period modeling were performed separately for each of the four observation wells from each cluster. The modeling in the historical period demonstrated an average of NRMSE (0.09), MBE (0.030), and R2 (0.94) for the four clusters. The groundwater level in all clusters showed a decreasing trend in the future period, with SSP5-8.5 (average: 3.9 cm/month) showing a greater decrease than the SSP1-2.6 (average: 0.5 cm/month) scenario. The decline in groundwater level under SSP5-8.5 compared with SSP1-2.6 was more, respectively, 4.8, 5.8, 9.9 and 3.7 metres for clusters 1–4. The results indicate the acceptable efficiency and accuracy of the LSSVR model results in evaluating the effects of climate change on groundwater levels.
Relationships between guilt and forgiveness in university students
Authors: MALAKCIOĞLU Cem
Published: April 2022

Aim: Guilt is defined as a self-conscious emotion generated from negative attributions of own behaviors. It is observed that people with guilt are less forgiving. There are different types of forgiveness. Guilt is expected to have a stronger effect on self-forgiveness than forgiving others and situations. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between guilt and different types of forgiveness in a group of university students.Methods: This research is in the correlational survey model. Research data was collected from 604 university students from Turkey in 2018. After confirming that the assumptions were adequately met, the relationships were examined through Pearson correlations and path (linear regression) analyses.Results: All variables were significantly correlated at the 0.01 statistical significance level. It was seen that the feeling of guilt predicted forgiveness and all sub-dimensions of forgiveness at a statistically significant level (p<0.01) but in the opposite direction. Thus, guilt strongly and adversely predicts forgiveness.Conclusion: Forgiveness is an important protective factor in increasing psychological resilience. Guilt stands out as an important risk factor for forgiveness. The most striking finding is that self-forgiveness is lower in individuals with a high sense of guilt. For this reason; as people’s sense of guilt decreases, it will be easier for them to forgive themselves. It is recommended that people who have difficulty in forgiving express their feelings of guilt as their other emotions in psychotherapy and psychological counseling sessions to help them relax and support their emotion regulation skills.
Discurso de Herbert Marcuse e Angela Davis na Universidade da Califórnia, Berkeley, em 1969
Authors: Proença Fernanda
Published: April 2022

Em 24 de outubro de 1969, Herbert Marcuse e Angela Davis proferiram discursos para uma multidão de estudantes na Universidade da Califórnia, em Berkeley, durante manifestação ocorrida em resposta à demissão de Davis e subsequente revogação da decisão pela corte. A filósofa fazia parte do corpo docente da universidade como professora assistente de filosofia e perdeu seu cargo devido à associação com o partido comunista americano e com os Panteras Negras. Marcuse acusa os Estados Unidos de utilizar as noções de prosperidade e segurança como justificativa para a opressão e escravização de grupos e indivíduos. Em seguida, Angela Davis discute o emprego equivocado do conceito de  liberdade acadêmica e suas implicações políticas, bem como a necessidade de engajamento real da comunidade acadêmica na luta por mudanças sociais. O presente documento apresenta a transcrição desses discursos e sua tradução para o português.
Herbal Compounds as an Antidote Against Snake Bite
Authors: Dagar Priya , Mishra Abha
Published: April 2022

Snakebites have been declared a neglected health problem that is considered a national disease by the
WHO (world health organisation). Asian countries like India have high snakebite death rates due to short antidotes
and poorly equipped doctors. In today's scenario, local resources like herbs need to be used to prepare
cheap antidotes and are often available to victims. Snake bites should be viewed as an emergency problem and
require additional national guidelines, doctor training, expertise, and human concentration for effective and
timely treatment-measures to be taken to ensure the availability and mass production of antidotes. Currently
available, antidotes have problems with storage, manufacture, and aspects of the results. Attention should be
paid to the natural compound Gedunin with antitoxic effects. To determine Gedunin's therapeutic efficacy,
well-designed clinical research is required. This article emphasizes and proves the therapeutic effectiveness of
the herbal plant active ingredient Gedunin against snakebites.
Super Base Derived Ionic Liquids: A Useful Tool in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Chatterjee Rana , Bhukta Swadhapriya , Dandela Rambabu
Published: April 2022

Over the last few decades, ionic liquids have been raised as a great appliance to
pursue many organic transformations. In the present research, the synthetic application of
ILs has emerged largely as solvents, additives, or catalysts. With the developing commercial
methods, task-specific ionic liquids have been constructed by appointing guanidine, amidine
and other superbasic cations. By the nature of the cation or the anion, the properties of the
ionic liquids can be adjusted. In this regard, superbasic ionic liquids have been derived from
both acyclic and cyclic guanidine or amidine derivatives. In particular, some common super
bases such as 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene
(TBD), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene
(DBN), are used to design these special type of ionic liquids. These superbasic ionic liquids
have shown a potential activity to accelerate many organic transformations including alcoholysis, esterification,
multi-component reaction, Knoevenagel reaction, Michael addition, cyclization, etc. Additionally, because of
their novel properties including high liquid range, nonvolatility, high thermal and chemical stability, these classic
ionic liquids have a potential environmental impact and they are often found to play a promising role in the field
of catalysis, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and materials science. Not only that, the application of superionic
liquids has been widely spread in the industrial and research area, especially, for the chemical transformation of
CO2. This review aims to portray an outlook on the organic syntheses that have been promoted by superionic liquids
in the last five years.
The Effect of Gut Microbe Dysbiosis on the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Related Conditions
Authors: Nafady Mohamed H. , Sayed Zeinab S. , Abdelkawy Dalia A. , Shebl Mostafa E. , Elsayed Reem A. , Ashraf Ghulam Md , Perveen Asma , Attia Mohamed S. , Bahbah Eshak I.
Published: April 2022

It has been hypothesized that the shift in gut microbiota composition, known as gut microbe dysbiosis, may be correlated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the most common cause of dementia characterized by a gradual deterioration in cognitive function associated with the development of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques. The gut microbiota dysbiosis induces the release of significant amounts of amyloids, lipopolysaccharides, and neurotoxins, which might play a role in modulating signaling pathways and immune activation, leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines related to the pathogenesis of AD. The dysbiosis of gut microbe is associated with various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and some neuropsychiatric disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress. It is conceivable that these diseases trigger the onset of AD. Thus, modifying the gut microbiota composition with probiotic and prebiotic supplementation can reduce depression and anxiety symptoms, lower stress reactivity, and improve memory. This narrative review aimed to examine the possible role of gut microbe dysbiosis in AD's pathogenesis.
Hepatitis C Virus Exposure and Infection in the Perinatal Period
Authors: Gomez-Duarte Oscar G. , Varol Mine , Licka Dieye Ndeye , Zang Michael , Handa Deepali , C. Zorich Shauna , Millen Amy E.
Published: April 2022

Background::

Hepatitis C virus infection is a leading cause of blood-borne hepatitis disease
worldwide. Hepatitis C is a silent liver disease that, without treatment, leads to late-onset complications,
including chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, in 10-40% of
patients.

Objective::

This study aimed to review the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention of hepatitis C among perinatally exposed children.

Methods::

Public databases, including MEDLINE and PubMed, and websites from the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration, the World Health Organization,
and the National Institutes of Health were searched for relevant articles published between 2006 and
2021.

Results::

The prevalence of hepatitis C has increased among women of childbearing age in the United
States and is associated with risk factors, such as intravenous drug use, health inequities, and low
socioeconomic background. Infants born to hepatitis C virus-infected mothers have a 6% risk of
vertical transmission, and among those infected, 75% will develop chronic hepatitis C and late
complications. However, hepatitis C-exposed infants are frequently lost to follow-up, and those infected
have delayed diagnosis and treatment and are at high risk for late-onset complications. Direct-
acting antivirals and the establishment of effective treatment guidelines cure hepatitis C virus
infections.

Conclusion::

Hepatitis C predominantly affects underserved communities. Early screening of mothers
and infants is critical for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chronic infections and lateonset
complications. New policies are needed to address hepatitis C health care inequities affecting
mothers and infants in the United States.
Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Adolescent Girls in Rural
Community of Doyogena District, Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern
Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Wudneh Aregahegn , Abera Kifle , Molla Wondwosen
Published: April 2022

Background:

Optimal nutrition for adolescent girls is critical for growth, development,
and long-term health. Dietary diversity is a crucial component of feeding strategies. In resourcepoor
countries, undiversified diets and low-quality monotonous diet feeding habits are frequent.
This leads to poor nutritional status, particularly micronutrient deficiencies, which has an impact on
adolescent females' current and future lives, as well as their kids. However, data on the magnitude
of dietary diversity and associated determinants among adolescent girls in resource-poor settings
such as Ethiopia, which include the research area, is sparse.

Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 603 adolescent
girls from randomly selected adolescent girls in Ethiopia using a multistage sampling method. The
data were collected through face-to-face interviews by using a pretested structured questionnaire
and entered into Epi-data 4.2.0.0 version and exported to SPSS version 20 for analyses. Multicollinearity
between independent variables and model goodness fit test was checked. Bivariable and
multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to determine the degree of relationship between
independent and dependent variables. At a p-value of less than 0.05, the odds ratio was declared,
along with the 95 percent confidence interval and the level of statistical significance.

Results:

The prevalence of dietary diversity among adolescent girls was 43.8% (95% CI: 39.7%-
48.0%). having secondary and above level of education and primary education, [AOR = 4.0, 95%
CI: (1.89-8.32)], being in food secure households [AOR = 6.99, 95% CI: (4.34-11.23)], skipping
practice of meals [AOR = 0.54, 95% CI: (0.33-0.88)], currently being on the menstruation [AOR =
0.42, 95% CI: (0.26-0.66)] and having good knowledge about nutrition [AOR = 2.20, 95% CI:
(1.32-3.56)] were significantly associated with dietary diversity among adolescent girls.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of dietary diversity among adolescent girls was low in the study area.
Therefore, attention should be given to fathers with no formal education, and efforts should be made
to improve household food security, adolescent girls knowledge about nutrition, and minimize skipping
of meals to increase adolescent girls dietary diversity and to break the vicious cycles of malnutrition.
Oral Immunization against ETEC with Recombinant Protein-Loaded
Chitosan Nano-Structure and its Immunogenicity in Comparison with
Subcutaneous Vaccine
Authors: Amani Jafar , Hosseini ZohrehSadat , Hosseini Farzaneh , Motamedi Mohammad Javad , Kazemi Rouhollah
Published: April 2022

Background:

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) can be considered the main cause of
traveler’s diarrhea, which is affecting children in developing countries. The bacterium has several virulence factors, including colonization factors (CFs), heat-labile (LT), and heat-stable (ST)
toxins. The World Health Organization has designated the development of an ETEC vaccine one
of its top goals due to the disease's rising antibiotic resistance and deteriorating access to sources
of clean drinking water.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the oral immunogenicity of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) encapsulated CCL protein containing CfaB along with STa toxoid, CfaE, and
LtB.

Methods:

The E. coli BL21DE3 harboring pET-28a-ccl vector was used for protein expression.
After purification and confirmation, the protein was encapsulated in CNPs and the particle size
was measured. Immunogenicity was assessed by evaluating antibody titers after BALB/c mice
vaccination. Finally, the neutralization efficiency of immunized mice sera was evaluated by a
rabbit ileal loop test

Results:

The purified protein (~57kDa) was confirmed by Western blotting and the size of CCLCNPs was measured with an average of 112.0nm with 98.8% of encapsulation efficiency. CCLCNPs are able to stimulate the immune system by providing suitable titers of antibodies. The
fluid accumulation in the rabbit’s intestine was significantly reduced

Conclusion:

The CCL-CNPs can be considered a candidate for producing oral nanovaccine
Crosstalk between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Neurological Disorders: A
Review
Authors: Azhar Asim , Wali Mohammad Akram , Rashid Qudsia , Khan Wajihul Hasan , Al-hosaini Khaled , Owais Mohammad , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: April 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent responsible
for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is an issue of global concern since March 2020. The
respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 have widely been explained in the last couple of months of
the pandemic. Initially, the virus was thought to be restricted to the pulmonary system; however, as
time progressed and cases increased during the second wave of COVID-19, the virus affected other
organs, including the nervous system. The neurological implication of SARS-CoV-2 infection is
mounting, as substantiated by various reports, and in the majority of COVID-19 patients with neurological
symptoms, the penetration of SARS-CoV-2 in the central nervous system (CNS) is likely.
SARS-CoV-2 can enter the nervous system by exploiting the routes of olfactory mucosa, olfactory and
sensory nerve endings, or endothelial and nerve tissues, thus crossing the neural-mucosal interface in
the olfactory mucosa in the nose. Owing to multifactorial and complex pathogenic mechanisms,
COVID-19 adds a large-scale risk to the entire nervous system. A thorough understanding of SARSCoV-
2 neurological damage is still vague; however, our comprehension of the virus is rapidly developing.
The present comprehensive review will gain insights and provide neurological dimensions of
COVID-19 and their associated anomalies. The review presents the entry routes of SARS-CoV-2 into
the CNS to ascertain potential targets in the tissues owing to infection. We also discuss the molecular
mechanisms involved, the array of clinical symptoms, and various nervous system diseases following
the attack of SARS-CoV-2.
WITHDRAWN: Neurological Studies Of Herbal Medicinal Plants For The
Treatment Of Memory Impairment: A Review
Authors: Kaur Awaneet , Ahmad Md. Afroz , Rani Anjana , Alam Md. Aftab , Sharma Shaweta , Tiwari Anshu
Published: April 2022

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets due to
incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
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authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Bleeding Complication in a Patient with Concomitant Use of Rivaroxaban
and Saffron Supplement: A Case Report
Authors: Sahebkar Amirhossein , Heidari Zinat , Daei Maryam , Khalili Hossein
Published: April 2022

Background:

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) carry a lower potential risk of food/herb and drug interactions compared with oral vitamin K antagonists. However, as a new class of medications, drug interactions of DOACs have not been fully known.

Case Presentation:

We herein present the case of a 64-year old male with the complaint of acute onset epistaxis and bleeding gums following the concomitant use of rivaroxaban and saffron supplement. It seems that coadministration of DOACs and saffron supplements should be avoided due to the potential drug-herbal interactions and possible risk of subsequent bleeding complications.

Conclusion:

However, further larger scale surveillance studies are needed to confirm the findings and assess the clinical significance.
Evaluation of the Mitigation Effect of Spirulina Against Lung Injury
Induced by Radiation in Rats
Authors: Nikzad Safoora , Ahmadvand Mohammad H. , Changizi Vahid , Pashaki Abdolazim S. , Najafi Masoud , Mirzaei Fatemeh
Published: April 2022

Background:

Some compounds have been investigated to mitigate the effect of radiation on the lung, such as pneumonitis and fibrosis.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the mitigation efficiency of Spirulina compared to the effect of Metformin.

Methods:

25 male Wistar rats were allotted in five groups: control, Spirulina, Radiation, Radiation plus Spirulina, and Radiation plus Metformin. Rat chest regions were irradiated by 15 Gray (Gy) x-radiation using aLINAC. Forty-eight hours after irradiation, treatment with Spirulina and Metformin began. Eighty days after irradiation, all rats were sacrificed, and their lung tissues were removed for histo-pathological, and biochemical assays.

Results:

The results demonstrated that irradiation increased MDA (Malondialdehyde) levels while sup-pressing the SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GPx(glutathione peroxidase) activity in the irradiated group. MDA levels in lung tissues were reduced with Metformin but not with Spirulina. Both Metfor-min and Spirulina increased the SOD and GPx activity in lung tissue. Moreover, histopathological evaluations showed extensive changes in the lung tissue including infiltration of lymph cells around the bronchioles and blood vessels, thickening of the alveolar wall, and the disruption of the alveolar struc-ture, as well as accumulation of collagen fibers. Administration of Spirulina and Metformin signifi-cantly reduced pathological changes in lung tissue, although the effect of Metformin was greater than that of Spirulina.

Conclusion:

Spirulina could mitigate radiation-induced lung injury moderately, although Metformin is more effective than Spirulina as a mitigator agent.
A Review of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Responses to Active Standing
in Healthy Adults
Authors: Quinn Caitríona , Monaghan Ann , Foran Tim , Kenny Rose Anne , Gormley John
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

This review outlines the normal heart rate and blood pressure response to active
standing, the physiological mechanisms governing these, and the effect of ageing on the responses.

Method:

A literature search was conducted to identify articles investigating the normal heart rate
and/or blood pressure response to standing.

Results:

Heart rate when standing increases and then decreases and recovers to baseline. Blood
pressure responses are inverse. Skeletal muscle contraction and the baroreceptor reflex drive this.
With ageing, heart rate response attenuates and the initial blood pressure response increases.

Discussion:

Normal heart rate and blood pressure responses are attributed to the baroreceptor reflex
and skeletal muscle contraction. Decreased muscle strength and baroreceptor sensitivity are associated
with ageing, suggesting a possible benefit in improving skeletal muscle strength to maintain
an efficient response. Understanding these responses and their variation with ageing is clinically relevant
and may be beneficial in improving rehabilitation outcomes.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the UCLA Geriatrics
Attitudes Scale (UCLA-GAS)
Authors: Zanjari Nasibeh , Momtaz Yadollah Abolfathi , Abdollahi Tayebeh
Published: April 2022

Aims:

The attitudes toward older patients are considered the main factor in providing
health services.

Background:

There is a lack of proper short scale to measure attitudes toward older patients among
healthcare professionals.

Objective:

The present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the UCLA Geriatric Attitude
scale (UCLA-GAS) among a sample of Iranian healthcare professionals.

Methods:

The method of this study was cross-sectional for psychometric evaluation. The sample
included 232 healthcare professionals in Mazandaran city. Study participants were selected by cluster
random sampling technique. Psychometric evaluation of the UCLA-GAS assessed through content
and construct validity. Content validity was evaluated based on the content validity index
(CVI) and construct validity was investigated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Also, convergent validity was assessed using the Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Older People Scale
(KAOPS) questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate internal consistency reliability and
stability was assessed using test-retest.

Results:

Regarding the content validity, CVI and modified Kappa statistic for all items were >0.79
and showed all items relevant to the UCLA-GAS in the Iranian context. The three dimensions of
the UCLA-GAS extracted from factor analysis were labeled: 1- medical/economic burden (6 items)
2- appreciate attitude (5 items), 3- resource allocation (3 items). CFA revealed that the UCLA-GAS
structure model was a validated model (CMIN = 2.312, GFI = 0.913, CFI = 0.902, RMSEA =
0.075). The scale had a significant and positive correlation with KAOPS questionnaire. Also, The
Cronbach's alpha of the scale was 0.78 and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for total instrument
was reported as 0.93 (95% CI: 0.87-0.98) and demonstrated good reliability of the instrument.

Conclusion:

The result shows the UCLA-GAS is a valid and reliable scale for measuring attitudes
toward older patients among healthcare professionals. This study recommends using Iranian
UCLA-GAS in future research and policy-making.
Evaluasi Lahan dan Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Gula Merah Desa Rejoagung Kecamatan Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Nurwahyuningsih Nurwahyuningsih , Holik Abdul ,   Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, Bachtiar Riza Rahimi ,   Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, Budiyanto Riyan ,   Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi
Published: April 2022

Penelitian evaluasi lahan dan kelayakan usaha Desa Rejoagung, Kecamatan Srono, Kabupaten Banyuwangi berdasarkan permasalahan yang dialami oleh produsen gula merah, yaitu penurunan jumlah produksi yang memengaruhi kesejahteraan ekonomi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Evaluasi lahan dilakukan dengan cara mencocokan (matching) data hasil observasi lapang dengan kriteria kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman kelapa berdasarkan petunjuk teknis evaluasi kesesuaian lahan untuk komoditas pertanian yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Pertanian tahun 2011. Karakteristik lahan yang dinilai meliputi temperatur, curah hujan, kelembaban, drainase, tekstur tanah, bahan kasar, kedalaman tanah, pH tanah, lereng, bahaya erosi dan banjir. Kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual Desa Rejoagung adalah sesuai marginal (S3) dan kelas kesesuaian lahan potensial cukup sesuai (S2). Analisis kelayakan usaha gula merah dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data dari responden melalui kuesioner untuk diketahui total penerimaan, total pendapatan, R/C Ratio, B/C Ratio, Break Even Point (BEP) unit, dan Break Even Point (BEP) Rupiah. Hasil analisis kelayakan usaha pada kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual R/C Ratio 1.99, B/C Ratio 0.99, BEP unit 791 kg/bulan dan BEP Rupiah Rp. 11 226 858.00. Produsen gula merah direkomendasikan melaksanakan kegiatan pengairan dan pemupukan untuk meningkatkan kelas kesesuaian lahan sesuai marginal (S3) menjadi cukup sesuai (S2).
Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Pikohidro untuk Penggerak Pompa Hidroponik
Authors:   Universitas Andalas, Ekaputra Eri Gas , Junaidy Iqbal Tri ,   Universitas Andalas, Rusnam Rusnam ,   Universitas Andalas, Yanti Delvi ,   Universitas Andalas
Published: April 2022

Salah satu pemanfaatan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Picohidro (PLTPH) disektor pertanian adalah sebagai penggerak pompa hidroponik agar sirkulasi nutrisi pada tanaman dapat terpenuhi. Penggunaan blower yang dimodifikasi untuk menjadi turbin dalam menghasilkan listrik, dapat menghemat biaya dalam pembuatannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang bangun picohidro untuk hidroponik sebagai solusi pemanfaatan energi terbarukan pada daerah yang tidak mendapatkan akses listrik. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu rancangan alat mencakup rancangan picohidro, pompa DC, dan rangka hidoponik, pembuatan alat, pengujian alat, dan analisis data pengujian kinerja alat yang telah dibuat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, pembangkit listrik tenaga picohidro sebagai penggerak pompa hidroponik yang dibuat sudah sesuai dengan rancangan awal. Nilai debit rata-rata yang didapatkan adalah 2.27x10-3 m3/s dengan tinggi jatuh air 0.75 m. Berdasarkan debit air dan tinggi jatuh air ini, maka didapatkan daya potensi air rata-rata sebesar 16.70 watt. Rata-rata daya listrik yang dihasilkan oleh rancangan tanpa beban pompa 6.77 watt. Sedangkan daya rata-rata menggunakan beban pompa 5.74 watt. Kehilangan air pada sistem pertanian hidroponik ini ialah 1%. Efisiensi Picohidro rata-rata selama pengamatan 34.43% dan efisiensi pompa adalah 5.12%.
Pemetaan Lokasi Pembuangan Sampah Ilegal Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis di Kota Bogor
Authors:   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Ristianto Alfahmi , Putra Hijrah Purnama ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Maziya Fina Binazir ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Pertumbuhan penduduk Kota Bogor sangat tinggi, sehingga terjadi peningkatan sampah yang tidak terkelola dengan baik. Pengelolaan sampah seperti tempat penampungan sementara pemerintah belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, yang mengarah pada munculnya LPS (Lokasi Pembuangan Sampah) ilegal akibat praktik pembuangan sampah ilegal oleh masyarakat setempat. Bahaya LPS ilegal adalah dapat mencemari lingkungan, berpotensi menyebarkan penyakit dan menghilangkan nilai estetika di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan dan menganalisis penyebaran situs LPS ilegal dengan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh. Data penelitian diambil langsung dengan observasi dan pengukuran di lokasi tersebut dan dengan bantuan studi perpustakaan. Hasil penelitian kami menunjukkan ada 6 kecamatan yang menjadi objek penelitian di Kota Bogor, antara lain Bogor Utara, Bogor Barat, Bogor Tengah, Tanah Sareal, Bogor Timur, Bogor Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan 28 lokasi LPS ilegal yang tersebar di 6 kecamatan. Sebaran dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan penduduk, lahan, jarak ke sungai, jenis jalan dan ketersediaan TPS (Tempat Pemrosesan Sampah) legal.
Integrated River Transport Development to Support Smart City
Authors: Hidayat Bachtari , Fatoni Agus , Saksono Herie , Asriani Asriani , Andari Tania
Published: April 2022

Light Rail Transit (LRT), integrated with river transportation as a unique city and tourist attraction, is important in supporting smart cities. This study aims to assess the possibilities of river transportation users who use LRT as an advanced mode and its supporting infrastructure. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. Primary data is obtained from a survey of the movement of river transportation users from outside the city to Palembang City and has the potential to continue their journey using the LRT. Interviews were also conducted with respondents covering the respondents' travel destination, travel destination, and reasons. The study results indicate that the use of river transportation from within the city, which gets off at the pier and does not continue the journey as much as 75%, and the rest will continue the journey using the LRT mode only 16%. Meanwhile, 29.5% of river transport users from outside the city disembark at the pier. The remaining 53% continue their journey with the potential to use LRT, which is a reasonably high percentage if it can be appropriately managed. The availability of a variety of public transportation that can park near the pier at a cheaper rate is the main cause of their lack of interest in using the LRT mode. The proposed supporting infrastructure for integration between river transport and LRT is the pedestrian path.
Comunidad de futuro compartido para la humanidad ¿Una comunidad emocional en desarrollo?
Authors: Verly Federico
Published: April 2022

El crecimiento de China en las últimas décadas y su relación con el orden mundial liberal liderado por Estados Unidos –del que China cuestiona algunas de sus principales características— ha puesto al país en el centro del debate internacional. Tres visiones del papel de China en esta relación son puestas a discusión: a) China se adapta a este orden debido a su involucramiento en la sociedad internacional y participación en organismos internacionales; b) China modifica y ajusta el orden a través de las mismas organizaciones o mediante la creación de otras nuevas; o c) hay un choque entre China y las organizaciones y un nuevo orden es construido. Este documento parte de esta discusión al analizar la relación entre China y el orden liberal internacional mediante la deconstrucción de la narrativa estratégica de China de una “Comunidad de Futuro Compartido para la Humanidad” (CFCH) para evidenciar los componentes emocionales que la sustentan. Este documento muestra cómo China usa las emociones para enfatizar ciertos principios y visiones.
La evaluación sobre la colaboración para reducir la pobreza entre China y América Latina y las estrategias para el futuro
Authors: Luo Chenxi , Wang Zhizhang
Published: April 2022

China ha alcanzado grandes logros en la reducción de pobreza y ha sido ampliamente reconocida por el mundo. Por el contrario, América Latina y Caribe (ALC) está atrapada en la pobreza; así, la cooperación entre ambas partes va a ser muy importante para alcanzar los objetivos de la Agenda del Desarrollo Sostenible de la onu para 2030. Con el fin de evaluar las colaboraciones enfocadas en la reducción de pobreza hechas por ambas partes, y mejorar el proceso con estrategias viables, este artículo se realiza de manera cualitativa a través de una amplia lectura. Asimismo, se divide en tres objetivos principales: describir la pobreza desde una dimensión múltiple de alc, definir las ventajas y desafíos de las cooperaciones desde el nivel macro, meso y micro, y diseñar estrategias de mejora para la colaboración, enfocadas en la reducción de la pobreza de ambas partes en el futuro. Se descubre que, durante los últimos 20[1] años, China y ALC han realizado una gran cantidad de colaboraciones en términos políticos, económicos, infraestructurales, culturales y otros más; además, la promoción del desarrollo económico ha ayudado a reducir la tasa de pobreza. Sin embargo, también dificultan el proceso los desafíos, la falta de mecanismos políticos específicos, la construcción de infraestructura que produce influencias negativas; en ese sentido, el comercio internacional debe ampliar tanto el volumen como el rango de productos, el intercambio cultural debe ampliar su cobertura, etc. Por último, bajo los cinco indicadores de la iniciativa de La Franja y la Ruta, el artículo plantea una serie de estrategias para el futuro. [1] El presente artículo se estructura como resultado parcial del proyecto aprobado, con el código 2021WYZX05, por Chongqing Federation of Social Science; el proyecto 2021JY077 por Southwest University of China y el proyecto SWU2109230 por Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
Examining the Social Signaling and Person Perception Functions of Loneliness
Authors:   Department of Communication, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ USA, Floyd Kory , Woo Nathan ,   Department of Communication, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ USA, Custer Benjamin ,   Fulbright Program, Plovdiv University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Dinsmore Dana ,   Department of Communication, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ USA, Duncan Kaylin ,   Department of Communication, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ USA, Maré Jeannette ,   Department of Communication, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ USA
Published: April 2022

Loneliness is a common condition that poses substantial risks to morbidity and mortality. Cacioppo and Cacioppo’s [1] evolutionary theory of loneliness (ETL) provides that loneliness serves a social signaling function and also manifests in hypervigilance to threat, which we propose can influence person perception. In this experiment, 480 observers evaluated videotaped self-presentation messages from speakers who scored either high or low on a measure of loneliness. On the basis of ETL, we hypothesized that observers can distinguish between lonely and non-lonely speakers to a greater-than-chance degree and that observers’ own loneliness negatively influences their perceptions of speakers. Both predictions received support, and we identify both theoretic and potential clinical implications of these findings.
Digital Transformation of Face-To-Face Focus Group Methodology: Engaging a Globally Dispersed Audience to Manage Institutional Change at the World Health Organization
Authors: Gamhewage Gaya , Mahmoud Mohamed Essam , Tokar Anna , Attias Melissa , Mylonas Christos , Canna Sara , Utunen Heini
Published: April 2022

Focus group discussions (FGDs) are widely used to obtain qualitative data from purposely selected groups of people. This paper describes how the Learning and Capacity Development (LCD) unit of the World Health Organization (WHO) Health Emergencies Programme (WHE) digitalized FGDs to engage with WHO staff from around the world, to listen, share, and collect their feedback in the development of a WHO learning framework. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of local lockdowns and travel restrictions resulted in the wide use of digital platforms, such as Zoom, for employee communications and collaboration capable of reaching employees wherever they are working. The LCD/WHE team drew upon the experience of WHO colleagues from human resources, country, and regional offices to set up and hold FGDs in 6 languages with participants from all WHO regions. Building on the findings of a 2019 WHO staff survey, which was part of a comprehensive, organization-wide career development initiative, the digitalized FGDs allowed for the exchange of substantive feedback, novel ideas, and alignment, connecting across different geographies, disciplines, and levels of seniority. As a result, FGDs can be successfully conducted online, but it is essential to remove barriers to participation by adopting a multilingual and flexible approach in multinational and international organizations such as the WHO.
Assessment of Population Well-being With the Mental Health Quotient: Validation Study
Authors: Newson Jennifer Jane , Pastukh Vladyslav , Thiagarajan Tara C
Published: April 2022

Background

The Mental Health Quotient (MHQ) is an anonymous web-based assessment of mental health and well-being that comprehensively covers symptoms across 10 major psychiatric disorders, as well as positive elements of mental function. It uses a novel life impact scale and provides a score to the individual that places them on a spectrum from Distressed to Thriving along with a personal report that offers self-care recommendations. Since April 2020, the MHQ has been freely deployed as part of the Mental Health Million Project.

Objective

This paper demonstrates the reliability and validity of the MHQ, including the construct validity of the life impact scale, sample and test-retest reliability of the assessment, and criterion validation of the MHQ with respect to clinical burden and productivity loss.

Methods

Data were taken from the Mental Health Million open-access database (N=179,238) and included responses from English-speaking adults (aged≥18 years) from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Singapore, India, and Nigeria collected during 2021. To assess sample reliability, random demographically matched samples (each 11,033/179,238, 6.16%) were compared within the same 6-month period. Test-retest reliability was determined using the subset of individuals who had taken the assessment twice ≥3 days apart (1907/179,238, 1.06%). To assess the construct validity of the life impact scale, additional questions were asked about the frequency and severity of an example symptom (feelings of sadness, distress, or hopelessness; 4247/179,238, 2.37%). To assess criterion validity, elements rated as having a highly negative life impact by a respondent (equivalent to experiencing the symptom ≥5 days a week) were mapped to clinical diagnostic criteria to calculate the clinical burden (174,618/179,238, 97.42%). In addition, MHQ scores were compared with the number of workdays missed or with reduced productivity in the past month (7625/179,238, 4.25%).

Results

Distinct samples collected during the same period had indistinguishable MHQ distributions and MHQ scores were correlated with r=0.84 between retakes within an 8- to 120-day period. Life impact ratings were correlated with frequency and severity of symptoms, with a clear linear relationship (R2>0.99). Furthermore, the aggregate MHQ scores were systematically related to both clinical burden and productivity. At one end of the scale, 89.08% (8986/10,087) of those in the Distressed category mapped to one or more disorders and had an average productivity loss of 15.2 (SD 11.2; SEM [standard error of measurement] 0.5) days per month. In contrast, at the other end of the scale, 0% (1/24,365) of those in the Thriving category mapped to any of the 10 disorders and had an average productivity loss of 1.3 (SD 3.6; SEM 0.1) days per month.

Conclusions

The MHQ is a valid and reliable assessment of mental health and well-being when delivered anonymously on the web.