bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of the biodiversity net gain requirement on the cost management of projects
Authors: Baker Francine
Published: October 2024

This article provides a legal overview of the potential impact of the biodiversity net gain (BNG) requirement introduced by the UK government’s Environment Act 2021 on the cost management of major or minor development projects. This BNG requirement aims to protect the environment from the negative impacts of construction processes and activities. It relates to the UK government’s overarching goal to embed a broad ‘environmental net gain’ principle in the planning system, as per the government’s refreshed 25-year plan of February 2023. This paper provides an overview of when BNG is required, how to provide it, its duration, the metrics required for assessments, the exemptions for providing such a requirement and the BNG plan approval process. Government guidance and recent developments since the inception of the new Labour government in July 2024 are summarised. The overall result of implementing the BNG requirement is that there are added costs to factor into the planning of a project, more scrutiny from relevant planning authorities and potentially more uncertainty about the cost management of relevant projects, due to many factors.
The influence of toe geometry on toe armour stability for conventional rubble mound breakwaters
Authors: Dokhani Mohammad Mahdi , Moghim Mohammad Navid , Chamani Mohammad Reza , Mostaghiman Amir , Rahmani Abbasali
Published: October 2024

Rubble mound breakwaters have toe structures that support the armour layer and prevent scouring damage, making toe failure a primary failure mode. Existing formulae for toe stability yield conflicting results, often neglecting factors like storm duration and armour layer slope. This study tested a statically stable rubble mound with a rock-armoured toe under irregular waves. The effects of wave height, wave period, armour layer slope and water height on toe stability were investigated. Toe width had no effect, while relative depth was a key factor. Increased wave height and storm duration led to greater toe damage. The results emphasise the need for a new stability number, considering wave breaker type and armour layer slope, with a critical Iribarren value of 4.1. Based on this study and the findings of another study, new formulae for estimating toe damage were developed and validated using data from other studies.
The Exercise of Family Rights and Performance of Obligations in the Structure of Family Legal Relations
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Ulianova M. V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the exercise of family rights and fulfillment of obligations is associated with family legal relations. For actual exercise of family rights and performance of obligations, it is important to identify the relationship between the concepts. Of particular interest for research are family legal ties. Purpose: to identify the structure and attributes of family legal relations, the features that affect the exercise of family rights and fulfillment of obligations; to determine the types of family legal ties. Methods: historical, comparative legal, structural‐and‐functional. Results: the paper provides a review of scientific positions, identifies attributes of a family legal relationship, identifies legal ties depending on the participants in a legal relationship, proposes a classification of legal ties into types. Conclusions: the conclusions obtained as a result of the research can be used to develop scientific knowledge about the exercise of family rights and performance of obligations.
Countering Recidivism in Russia: Challenges and Prospects
Authors:   Ural Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Maslov W. A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the implementation of the penal purpose declared in Russian legislation, i.e., the correction of the convicted person, is a problem that does not lose its relevance, which is partly due to the negative dynamics of recidivism. Purpose: based on research into the initiating causes of recidivist offenders’ behavior, to determine the measures capable of reducing recidivism. Methods: the methodological framework of the research is based on dialectical materialism; the study employed general scientific methods (systemic structural, Aristotelian, inductive and deductive, analysis and synthesis) as well as special methods (legalistic, formal‐logical). Results: the paper proposes several statutory and law enforcement measures as those having the potential to decrease the level of recidivism: legal formalization of the compensation for property and moral damage as a condition for probation (Article 73 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) in order to motivate the convicted to cover for all the damage caused; a significant expansion of the practice of ordering treatment for alcohol and drug addiction; an extension and unification of the practice of applying Part 5 of Article 86 of the Criminal Code through the explanation by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of the term ‘exemplary conduct’; stimulating the convicted to receive secondary‐level vocational education in the reform facilities as well as to receive higher education after release, etc. Currently, integration of the probation system into Russian legislation and practice seems inappropriate due to the uncertainty with regard to the nature of probation and the prospects for creating such an integral system in Russia given the objectives that the relevant authorities are already implementing under the conditions of limited funding. Conclusion: the implementation of the specified measures can reduce the level of recidivism only to some extent because the determination of recidivist behavior is largely explained by general social problems, addressing which appears to be of primary importance. It seems promising to use some certain probational methods in relation to the categories of criminals whose conduct can be changed.
Legislation Related to School Shootings in Great Britain
Authors:   College of Criminalistics and Security, Slavković V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: school shootings remain a highly relevant topic for investigation because the social environment and interpersonal relationships play a leading role in the formation of aggressive intentions of perpetrators. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of British legislation related to school shootings. Historically, the law of homicide in the United Kingdom has had a number of distinguishing marks. Structurally, the Scots law of homicide resembles the law of England and Wales because the offences of murder and culpable homicide in Scotland closely resemble the offences of murder and manslaughter in England and Wales. Methods: empirical methods of comparison; specific scientific methods: legal dogmatic method and method of legal norm interpretation. Results: the paper describes the law of homicide in England and Wales, including the common law, the relevant sections of British legislation and the proposals of the Law Commission for the creation of a new Homicide Act with a three‐tier structure of general homicide. This overview also encompasses the punishment regime for murder by the Criminal Justice Act 2003 and Sentencing Act 2020. The law of England and Wales is compared with the law of Scotland, especially its crimes of homicide, sentencing guidelines and juvenile justice. Also, the article deals with rules concerning gun ownership. The 1996 Dunblane school shooting in the United Kingdom played a critical role in this issue as it sparked a campaign to change gun laws, which resulted in British lawmakers banning private possession of handguns.
Co-Ownership of an Exclusive Related Right to Joint Performance in the EAEU, BRICS and SCO States: Comparative Legal Research
Authors:   Perm State University, Martyanova E. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: normative regulation of relations arising in connection with the creation of joint performance is constructed patchily in certain legal orders. In turn, within the framework of the triune integration corridor of the EAEU-SCO-BRICS, unified principles have not been formed that would define the rules of interaction between co-performers regarding the creation, use, and disposal of the right to a joint result of performance work. Purpose: to identify and compare the approaches to legal regulation of relations arising in connection with the creation of joint performance in the member countries of the EAEU, BRICS, and SCO. Methods: general scientific methods, including analysis, synthesis, specific historical method, systematic approach, comparative legal, and legal-dogmatic methods. Results: the study has revealed that most of the legal orders of the EAEU, BRICS, and SCO member countries are characterized by a regulatory vacuum or a shortage of rules on joint performance, which is one of the reasons for disputes between members of performing groups. Depending on the presence or absence of norms establishing the regime of joint performances, three groups of approaches implemented in the legal orders of the member states have been identified: an abstinent approach, compensatory approach, institutional approach. The analysis has established that whether the legal system belongs to the Romano-Germanic, Eastern, or Anglo-Saxon legal family does not affect the approach to the regulation of relations between co-performers. However, the fact that the legal order belongs to the post-Soviet legal space and the commonality of previously existing legislation predetermine the similarity of regulatory models. The article proposes a list of legal regime elements that should be defined at the supranational level to create a minimum standard for the protection of the rights of co-performers. Conclusions: it appears advisable to develop a supranational act establishing the legal basis for the regime of joint performances as it would become a catalyst for the development of international cooperation in the field of performing arts; this would also ensure a balance of interests of society, right holders, and users.
Юридическая аномия как фактор неопределенности целей социального развития
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Lipinsky D. A. , Ivanov A. A. ,   Togliatti State University
Published: October 2024

Introduction: this study looks at legal anomie through the lens of the achievement of the social development goals and their ambiguous formulation in the current Russian legislation. The goals of social development set for society are constitutional by nature, they are detailed in a large number of laws and subordinate regulatory legal acts. In this field, a critical importance is attached to the system of normative legal regulation of strategic planning, which is understood as a mechanism for ensuring coordinated interaction of different entities aimed at achieving the established goals. The paper gives special attention to the role of the acts of the President of the Russian Federation in determining the directions of social development. Official information regarding quantitative and qualitative indicators of legislative activity in Russia is studied. The achievement of the social development goals is analyzed based on the data from the Federal State Statistics Service. The research identified their correlation with the general goals of the legal system. Purpose: to determine the correlation between the achievement of the strategic planning goals, lawmaking, and other activities, to identify manifestations of anomie in different areas of social relations. Methods: dialectical, axiological, formal legal, statistical, etc. Results: the study has established that for the purpose of eliminating anomie, it is important to ensure legal certainty of the development goals and the presence of full-fledged mechanisms for their achievement. Conclusion: the existing uncertainty of the goals of social development in regulatory legal acts gives rise to the state of legal anomie that can spread to all spheres of public administration and has a negative impact on the achievement of the declared indicators.
' n Sosiale ontologie van sorg: Orania as 'n nie-tipiese Suid-Afrikaanse geval van plaaslike regering
Authors: Wessels J
Published: October 2024

Heelwat navorsing is al gedoen in 'n poging om 'n greep op aspekte van goeie en slegte plaaslike regering te kry. 'n Kernvraag wat steeds onbeantwoord bly is die volgende: Wat is "plaaslike regering", en hoe kan die werklikheid waarna die begrip verwys, verstaan en herken word? 'n Begripsraamwerk van "plaaslike regering" is onlangs ontwikkel bestaande uit die herkenbare eienskappe van die begrip om dit te identifiseer. Gepaardgaande daarmee is 'n sosiale ontologie van sorg vir "plaaslike regering" ontwikkel. Die veronderstelling is dat plaaslike regerings in Suid-Afrika en ander lande aan die hand van daardie eienskappe herken sal word. Binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks is daar egter 'n moontlike nietipiese voorbeeld van plaaslike regering, naamlik Orania, 'n bestaande dorp binne die geografiese gebied van die Thembelihle Plaaslike Munisipaliteit in die Noord-Kaapprovinsie. Orania is nie 'n muni-sipaliteit ingevolge die Suid-Afrikaanse grondwet en wetlike raamwerk nie. Die vraag is gevolglik of Orania wel as 'n "plaaslike regering" beskou kan word. In antwoord op die vraag gee hierdie artikel 'n ontiese1 beskrywing van Orania aan die hand van die gekose begripsraamwerk en sosiale ontologie van sorg. Dit blyk uit die beskrywing en ontleding daarvan dat Orania wel aan die institusionele, funksionele en territoriale eienskappe van die begrip "plaaslike regering" voldoen en op 'n outentieke wyse as plaaslike regering funksioneer. Die gevallestudie wys dat 'n outentieke plaaslike regering een is wat 'n integrerende deel uitmaak van sy plaaslike gemeenskap en omsluitende wêrelde, wat voortdurende ongemak met die hede beleef en met sorg, besorgdheid en sorgsaamheid daarop reageer.
Die rol van die produksiegaping in Suid-Afrikaanse monetêre beleid
Authors: Vermeulen C
Published: October 2024

Die inflasiekoers en die produksiegaping speel 'n belangrike rol in die monetêrebeleidstand-punt. Alhoewel die publiek inflasie redelik goed verstaan, is die produksiegaping 'n relatief onbekende begrip. Definisies van potensiële produksie kan dubbelsinnig wees, aangesien die term dikwels gebruik word om verwante, maar logies afsonderlike, konsepte te beskryf. Die produksiegaping word ook nie direk waargeneem nie en word afgelei uit beramings van potensiële produksie, wat self nie waarneembaar of meetbaar is nie en dus beraam moet word. Hierdie beramings kan egter sensitief wees vir verskillende metodologiese paradigmas en databeskikbaarheid. Die doel van hierdie artikel is om by te dra tot 'n beter begrip van en groter deursigtigheid in plaaslike monetêre beleid deur die rol van die produksiegaping in Suid-Afrikaanse monetêre beleid te verduidelik. Eerstens word die idees onderliggend aan die konsep van die produksiegaping bespreek, waarna 'n werksdefinisie van die produksiegaping in die konteks van monetêre beleid voorgestel word. Verskeie metodologieë en empiriese tegnieke waarvolgens potensiële produksie en die produksiegaping beraam kan word, word bespreek, insluitende eenveranderlike statistiese tegnieke, strukturele modelle en semistrukturele benaderings. Die artikel verduidelik voorts hoe die Suid-Afrikaanse Reserwebank (SARB) die plaaslike produksiegaping beraam en hoe hierdie beraamde produksiegaping op die monetêrebeleidstand-punt inwerk. Ten slotte word die SARB se monetêrebeleidstandpunt beskou met betrekking tot die inflasiekoers en produksiegapingsberamings oor die afgelope twee dekades ten einde die reaksie van die plaaslike monetêre beleid op groot ekonomiese skokke soos die wêreldwye finansiële krisis en COVID-19 te illustreer, en ten einde die beramings se sensitiwiteit vir datahersienings uit te lig.
'n Besigheidskool-gevallestudie: Die akademiese prestasie van MBA-Bemarkingsbestuurstudente tydens volledige kontak-, virtuele en gemengde klasse
Authors: Bisschoff C
Published: October 2024

Hierdie sewe-jaar longitudinale opvoedingstudie evalueer drie akademiese afleweringsmodusse vir deeltydse MBA-studente in hul Bemarkingsbestuursmodule, naamlik vol kontak (20172019), vol aanlyn tydens COVID-19 se harde inperking (2020-2021 en die daaropvolgende gemengde modus (2022-2023). Die studie het ten doel om te bepaal of die afleweringsmodus studente se akademiese prestasie beduidend beïnvloed. Die eenrigting-variansie-analise (EVA) het beduidende verskille tussen die afleweringsmodusse vir individuele opdragte (normatiewe assessering) en groepgevallestudies (summatiewe assessering) geïdentifiseer. Daar was ook betekenisvolle verskille tussen die akademiese prestasie ten opsigte van die finale saamgestelde portefeulje van kennis (wat as eksamen dien). Hierdie portefeulje bestaan uit 'n prakties-toegepaste bemarkingsplan. Die post-hoc toetse het getoon dat studente aansienlik beter gevaar het tydens die gemengde afleweringsmodus in individuele opdragte, terwyl die volledige aanlyn modus laer punte vir die groepgevallestudies gehad het. Beide die gemengde en volledige kontakmodusse het beduidende opeenvolgende verbetering vir die groepgevallestudies getoon, wat in elke gevallestudie verbetering getoon het namate die semester gevorder het. Dit verskil van volledige aanlyn onderrig. Die gemengde modus het ook aansienlik beter gevaar in die eksamen- en finale modulepunte en het selfs beter gevaar as volkontakklasse.
Blackface op die Afrikaanse verhoog: 'n Teater-historiese oorsig
Authors: Keuris M
Published: October 2024

Die fokus in hierdie teaterhistoriese bespreking is op die gebruik en voorkoms van black- en brownface op die Afrikaanse verhoog. Twee tydperke word bespreek, naamlik (1) die vroeë Afrikaanse toneel (laat-19de eeu tot vroeë-20ste eeu), asook (2) die 1960's tot laat-1970's. Die vroeë Afrikaanse toneel sluit tot 'n mate aan by die vroeë Engelse toneel in Suid-Afrika wat ook 'n bepaalde rasideologie weerspieël het deur middel van die algemene gebruik van black- en brownface op die Suid-Afrikaanse verhoog van die 19de eeu. Hierdie gebruik het sy oorsprong in die minstreel-tradisie wat via Amerika na Engeland en uiteindelik ook na Suid-Afrika gebring is. Die gebruik word gesien as tekenend van 'n bepaalde rasideologie wat die breër koloniale toneel van die 19de eeu (Amerika, Engeland, Kanada, Australië, Indonesië, en ander lande) onderlê het, naamlik een wat 'n hiërargiese onderskeid tussen die onderskeie rasse gepropageer het waarin swart (en bruin mense) as ondergeskik tot blankes beskou is. Terwyl die gebruik van black- en brownface meestal verdwyn het van die Engelse Suid-Afrikaanse verhoë teen die laat 1940's, vind ons in die 1960's tot laat-1970's die ironiese situasie by die staatsgesteunde streeksrade (veral TRUK, SUKOVS en KRUIK) dat 'n verskeidenheid van rassewette veroorsaak dat blanke akteurs steeds swart/bruin karakters uitbeeld in black- en brownface. Eers met die skrapping van hierdie wette kon swart en bruin akteurs hierdie rolle vertolk en verdwyn die gebruik van black- en brownface ook op Afrikaanse verhoë.
Pakhanate-state - 'n konseptualisering, konteks-tualisering en Suid-Afrikaanse toepassing
Authors: Duvenhage A
Published: October 2024

Pakhanate-state of state waar pakhanate-tendense voorkom, is histories 'n bekende verskynsel. Klassieke voorbeelde van state waar pakhanate-tendense voorgekom het, was Rusland en Japan. Tans word talle state, waaronder Venezuela, Sirië, Montenegro en Mexiko as pakhanate geïdentifiseer, of prominente tendense word in hierdie verband daar waargeneem. Teen die agtergrond van uitgebreide endemiese korrupsie, staatskaping en gepaardgaande ondersoeke kan met reg gevra word of Suid-Afrika behoort tot die kategorie van state wat losweg as pakhanate beskryf kan word? Hierdie artikel konseptualiseer en kontekstualiseer die konsep en beoordeel die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks daarvan aan die hand van geïdentifiseerde kriteria.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF TRIBE AND ETHNICITY IN THE COMPOSITION AND MANAGEMENT OF NIGERIA’S PUBLIC BUREAUCRACY: A HUMAN RESOURCE AND PUBLIC POLICY APPROACH
Authors:   University of Calabar, Inakefe Inakefe Gabriel , Onyekachi Amadi John ,   University of Calabar, Uduak Bassey Virtue ,   University of Abuja; University of Nigeria
Published: October 2024

This paper uses empirical studies and case studies to examine the role of ethnicity and tribalism in the Nigerian public bureaucracy. The paper is anchored on social dominance theory and bureaucratic theory. The paper, based on a triangulation approach (content analysis combined with a survey), reveals that tribal affiliation, followed by religion, is the topmost factor influencing the composition and management of the Nigerian federal bureaucracy. The study reveals that ethnic and tribal ties between different ethnic groups have a significant impact on bureaucratic processes and administrative functions such as recruitment and appointments. The study reveals that bureaucrats in Nigeria use administrative discretion to alter public policies and influence public values in favor of their kinship. This causes public bureaucracy to become irrational, unethical, divisive, parochial, and unmeritorious as ethnic and racial prejudices and biases take precedence in the composition and management of the public sector. The paper recommends inclusive governance and must redesign the institutional structure by creating an overarching level of board management to oversee the affairs of the Federal Character Commission (FCC) to reduce its apparent politicization or skewness that contradicts the original tenets upon which it was founded.
FRAUD IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT: THE DIMENSIONS IN NIGERIA’S REFORMED FEDERAL PROCUREMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   University of Religions and Denominations, Ifejika Solomon I.
Published: October 2024

Fraud was among the major corrupt practices that pervaded the old Nigeria’s federal public procurement system and rendered it grossly inadequate to meet the much-desired national development needs. Against this backdrop, between 2000 and 2007, the Nigerian Federal Government took the necessary steps and reformed the country’s public procurement system to, among other things, eliminate all the forms of underhand practices. Among the major outcomes of the significant procurement reform is the enactment of a national procurement law – the Public Procurement Act 2007 and the institutionalization of a procurement regulatory body – the Bureau of Public Procurement. However, despite the changes in the legal and institutional landscape of procurement, fraudulent practices still persist in the Nigerian procurement system. The main objective of this study is to examine the various dimensions of procurement fraud perpetrated by government officials and companies under the reformed procurement policy in Nigeria. Data for the study were collected from secondary sources and analyzed using thematic and descriptive-interpretive analysis techniques. The study concludes that the incidence of fraud in Nigerian procurement system, remains alarming. They manifest in many forms, such as falsification of procurement documents, and the inflation of contract sums, among others, which result in huge economic losses on the part of the government. The paper thus suggests, among other things, a pragmatic demonstration of genuine political will by the executive arm of theNigerian Federal Government through the strict and unselective application of the sanctions stipulated in the PPA as the most effective measures for mitigating the debilitating phenomenon.
Application of DBN-based KRLS method for RUL prediction of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Jun , Ding Pengfei
Published: October 2024

The Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of lithium batteries is vital for maintaining and safely operating the batteries, making precise RUL predictions highly significant. This paper introduces a method for predicting the RUL of lithium-ion batteries, utilizing a kernel adaptive filtering algorithm integrated with Deep Belief Networks (DBN). The method constructs a novel prediction model based on the Fixed-Budget Kernel Recursive Least Squares (FB-KRLS) algorithm. In this approach, the DBN extracts features from the original lithium battery data to reduce data complexity. The Square-root Cubature Kalman Filter (SCKF) is integrated with the FB-KRLS algorithm, employing a dual al-ternating learning strategy to improve the model's nonlinear fitting performance. The model was validated using NASA's lithium battery data, showing that the minimum val-ues for the MAPE, RMSE and MAE were 0.102%, 0.0016 and 0.0014, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method demonstrates potential for application in predicting the RUL of lithium-ion batteries.
Fatigue strength reliability assessment of turbofan blades subjected to intake disturbances based on the improved kriging model
Authors: Gao Hai-Feng , Wang Yuhang , Xu Jingjing , Qin Huibin
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to develop an efficient and precise reliability analysis method to enhance the numerical prediction accuracy for complex structures. Kriging, an implicit surrogate model, used to address highly nonlinear and complex problems. In this study, genetic algorithms (GA) are utilized to optimize the parameters of the Kriging model, which is then integrated with a distributed collaborative strategy to introduce the Genetic Algorithm Optimized Distributed Collaborative Kriging Model (DCGAK). Using the CFM56-fan blade as a case study, the impact of intake disturbances at the engine inlet is evaluated to assess the fatigue strength reliability of the blade. Comparison with different mathematical models demonstrates that the prediction accuracy of DCGAK closely aligns with the Monte Carlo sampling results, suggesting promising prospects for its application in numerical prediction and reliability analysis. This approach enriches the current methods for structural reliability analysis of complex mechanical systems.
A Federated Transfer Fault Diagnosis Method for Cross-Domain and Incomplete Data
Authors: Ge Yang , Zhang Fusheng , Ren Yong
Published: October 2024

In fact, multiple clients often use similar devices and collect fault data separately, so joint multi-client collaborative fault diagnosis modeling can solve the problem of data scarcity, but this poses great challenges to data privacy protection. In this paper, we propose a federated transfer fault diagnosis method based on federated learning for cross-domain incomplete data. The proposed method only exchanges the parameters of the local training model, which achieves the privacy protection of the client’s local data. We construct a multi-client collaborative learning framework to address the problem of weak generalization ability caused by the lack of terms in single client training samples. We also propose a targeted semi-supervised fine-tuning strategy based on relative distance to reduce the probability of negative fine-tuning of out-of-distribution samples and improve the accuracy of diagnostic models. The results of cross-condition and cross-equipment experiments demonstrate that the proposed method has obvious advantages over the existing fault diagnosis methods.
#Feminazis on Instagram : Hate Speech and Misinformation, the Ongoing Discourse for Enlarging the Manosphere
Authors: Tarullo Raquel , Calvo Dafne , Iranzo-Cabrera Maria
Published: October 2024

Social media platforms have become spaces for the viralisation of hate speech and misinformation. Paradoxically, tools that were once used for activism and conversation on behalf of vulnerable communities, nowadays work to gather and reproduce analogous worldviews on polarising issues. This research analyses the behaviour of the protagonists of the conversation around #feminazis on Instagram, as well as the characteristics of the content and the degree of interaction they generate. For this purpose, computational and qualitative social science methods have been applied to a sample of 9,300 posts published between 2021 and 2023. The results show disorderly participation by anonymous accounts, women and self-described feminists, social organisations, and pseudo-media. Content opposed to elective termination of pregnancy, and misogynistic messages lead the conversation, but there are also publications that attack other progressive ideologies. Disinformative content is linked to decontextualisation and manipulation of information to go viral, transnationalising hate speech towards feminism and their supporters, framed as a homogeneous group. It is concluded that this space, created by the platform itself, contributes to the enlargement and institutionalisation of the manosphere.
Fortalezas del carácter en el tratamiento de los trastornos por consumo de sustancias psicoactivas
Authors: Alonso-Matías Lizeth
Published: October 2024

Addiction is a complex health condition, the treatment is not simple, it requires an approach from multiple scientific perspectives, psychological intervention from a positive approach has gained relevance due to the impact that strengths of character have on recovery of various pathologies including problematic use of drugs.
Evaluation of Volunteer Practices of Student Mentors in Supporting Orphans and Children without Parental Care Using the Photovoice Method
Authors: Borodataya M.N. , Chernykh D.A.
Published: October 2024

The article presents a procedure for assessing the volunteer practices of student mentors based on the participatory approach. The focus of the students’ practices is on supporting orphans and children without parental care through mentoring. In the project, students developed and conducted events for orphans, a specialized thematic shift, and a regional festival involving delegations from 8 regional institutions. The article analyzes the concepts of social practice, theoretical approaches to project assessment, and provides an overview of the Photovoice method. The novelty of the study lies in evaluating the impact of volunteer practices of student mentors on their professional and personal development. The assessment was carried out using the Photovoice method. The use of this method allowed the researchers to obtain high-quality information presented in the form of photographic images and cases containing students’ evaluative judgments. The results of the study can be used to motivate students by revealing how volunteer practices influence the formation of professional and social competencies, as well as the personal development of students.
Criteria for the Need for Post-institutional Patronage: Development of a Methodological Approach
Authors: Kovaleva Y.V. , Babina A.V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of “independence”, “adaptation” and “socialization”, as well as to the identification of definitions of the need for post-institutional patronage of persons from among orphans and children left without parental care in normative legal acts and the formulation of conclusions about the criteria of need, taking into account the regional aspect. The article uses a comprehensive approach, including an analysis of theoretical sources, regulations of the Russian Federation and Moscow, as well as the practical experience of specialists. As a result of the study, it was found that “independence” is defined as a generalized personality quality manifested in initiative and responsibility for one’s actions, “adaptation” is considered as an individual’s ability to assimilate the requirements of the environment, whereas “socialization” is understood as the assimilation of social roles and norms. The analysis showed important dynamic aspects of socialization, including the dependence of its success on external factors and the compliance of social skills with age requirements. The article substantiates the introduction of the concept of “desocialization” and criteria for identifying the risk of desocialization in the context of determining the need for post-institutional patronage of this category of citizens.
Computer Analysis of Scientific Texts to Identify Ideological Narratives
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Scriabin Mark V. , Maryan Pavel A. ,   Southern Federal University, Volchik Vyacheslav V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the problem of identifying hidden ideological attitudes in scientific articles on economics, as well as defining methods for analyzing the ideological landscape of Russian economic science. The problem of this review article lies in the absence of a developed generally accepted approach to the textual analysis of scientific publications. Thus, there is an extremely wide list of methods that can be used in this case. Nevertheless, the development of the most effective methodology requires a comprehensive analysis of existing approaches individually and a comparison of each of them with the others. The authors associate the solution of the problem of choice in the presence of several approaches and a variety of methods with the definition of such a basis that would allow the formation of a methodology that includes ideological classification within the framework of economic scientific literature, the use of computational linguistics tools, in particular natural language processing, in addition to classical narrative analysis tools to identify "ideological narratives". In this regard, the methods of identifying implicit meanings in economic texts are considered in detail. The proposed tools can be used in further research on this or related topics.
Medical Sovereignty of Russia: the Problem of Dependence of Domestic Elites on Therapy Abroad
Authors:   Center of macroeconomic studies, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Gusev Alexander B. , Khudokormov Georgii A. ,   Center of macroeconomic studies, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The article considers the problem of dependence of Russian elite groups on foreign medicine. The analysis of world practice has shown that the foreign medical dependence of elites is characteristic of a number of developing countries, as well as countries with an "oil curse", when foreign economic dependence and foreign medical dependence complement each other. Over the past decades, including the period of anti-Russian sanctions since 2014, publicly available information on cases of medical care provided to federal and regional high-level officials, well-known artists and professional athletes has been systematized. Using the example of the accessibility of foreign medicine for the political and managerial establishment of Russia, the selectivity of anti-Russian sanctions, convenient for external opponents, is shown. At the same time, Russia did not decide on a directive ban on elites using medical care abroad. The stories of media pressure on politicians and businessmen (E.M. Primakov, O.Y. Tinkov) have been revealed, showing the personal vulnerability of people who have become dependent on foreign medicines and therapy. At the same time, a number of examples have confirmed the operability of a possible scenario of a complete ban on elites receiving medical care abroad as a catalyst for the development of domestic medicine, pharmaceutical and medical industries, as well as a way to equalize elites before the "collective West" in the rights to external medical care.
On the Contradictions and Prospects of Education Development in the Era of Postcapitalism
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Stasev Mikhail A. , Grechko Mikhail V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: October 2024

The presented article is devoted to the study of key contradictions and prospects for the development of education in the era of postcapitalism. The genesis of postcapitalist protoformation and the corresponding mode of production is at the heart of the designated research problem. The text defines the main basic element of postcapitalism in the initial phase of its formation - creative labor and the creative potential of the individual, causing paradigmatic changes in the social structure and the change of the model of the mode of production. Taking into account the cognitive potential of K. Marx's formational approach, the qualitative characterization of postcapitalism as a protoformation, which combines elements of both capitalism and socialism within its boundaries, is given. The main contradictions of education in the phase of genesis of postcapitalist protoformation are revealed and substantially defined. It is argued that the key contradiction of education development is its pragmatization. In accordance with this process, the acquisition of fundamental knowledge is replaced by the assimilation of a set of exceptional competencies. It is substantiated that education becomes a basis and personal need, thus transforming the whole social structure, influencing the human resource potential of the individual. The results and conclusion reflect the conclusions of the study.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS DAN TOLERANSI MELALUI BUDAYA SEKOLAH DI SMA NEGERI 8 KOTA MALANG
Authors: Yuliono Gun
Published: October 2024

Penelitian di SMA Negeri 8 Kota Malang mengkaji implementasi pendidikan karakter religius dan toleransi serta faktor yang memengaruhi di lingkungan sekolah. Metode penelitian melibatkan kepala sekolah dan guru-guru sebagai informan, dengan sumber data dari primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi karakter religius melalui program GIRS, pembiasan dalam ibadah, dan penguatan karakter berakhlak melalui keteladanan. Sementara karakter toleransi diperkuat melalui integrasi dalam pengembangan diri dan materi ajar. Dukungan dari sekolah, guru, dan orangtua menjadi pendorong implementasi karakter religius, dengan siswa dan orangtua sebagai penghambat. Sedangkan pendorong karakter toleransi adalah materi ajar dan dukungan warga sekolah, dengan siswa sebagai penghambat.
ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DALAM MODEL PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Aini Irma Nur
Published: October 2024

Keterampilan berpikir kritis wajib dimiliki oleh setiap siswa untuk mengembangkan daya nalarnya dalam memecahkan permasalahan yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dalam model Problem Based Learning. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas VIII F di salah satu SMP Negeri yang berada di Jember pada pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS). Pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa tes dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya siswa di kelas VIII F memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori sedang sebesar 81 persen. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari indikator yang memiliki nilai paling besar yaitu indikator focus dengan kategori tinggi sebesar 87 persen yang berarti siswa sudah mampu untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang diberikan. Indikator yang memiliki nilai paling kecil yaitu indikator clarity dengan kategori sedang sebesar 76 persen yang menunjukkan bahwasannya peserta didik kurang mampu dalam menjelaskan lebih lanjut kesimpulan yang telah diambil dalam menyelesaiakan permasalahan.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN WEB WORDWALL PADA MINAT DAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DI SMA NEGERI 1 MALANG
Authors: Dluha Mohamad Wildan Syamsu , Wijaya Daya Negri
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini menelusuri dampak penerapan website Wordwall terhadap minat dan aktivitas belajar siswa SMA Negeri 1 Malang dalam pelajaran sejarah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana penggunaan website Wordwall memengaruhi minat belajar siswa serta bagaimana siswa berpartisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran sejarah menggunakan aplikasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan website Wordwall secara positif mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa dalam pelajaran sejarah. Siswa menunjukkan minat yang lebih tinggi dalam mengikuti materi pembelajaran melalui aplikasi ini. Selain itu, website Wordwall juga meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa dengan memberikan tantangan dan interaksi yang menarik dalam proses pembelajaran. Diskusi dalam artikel ini mengangkat konsep efektivitas website Wordwall dalam meningkatkan minat dan aktivitas belajar siswa. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat penerapan website ini juga dibahas untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam pengembangan strategi pembelajaran sejarah yang lebih interaktif dan menarik menggunakan teknologi aplikasi.
IMPLEMENTASI PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN IDENTITAS MANUSIA INDONESIA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ami Siti Nis
Published: October 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menggambarkan implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila sebagai perwujudan identitas manusia Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Pendekatan studi literatur digunakan dalam penelitian ini, baik dari buku, jurnal, laporan hasil penelitian yang relevan, dan hasil observasi secara langsung di SDN Bareng 3, Kota Malang. Metode kualitatif adalah metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa peserta didik di SDN Bareng 3, Kota Malang sudah mengimplementasikan Profil Pelajar Pancasila sebagai perwujudan identias manusia Indonesia di sekolah dasar. Identitas manusai Indonesia yang terdiri dari nilai kebhinekaan, dan nilai Pancasila dapat menumbuhkan karakter yang sesuai dengan Pancasila. Hal tersebut dapat terbentuk karena adanya pembiasaan yang baik mengenai implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila yaitu perwujudan pelajar sepanjang hayat di negara Indonesia yang memiliki kompetensi global dan bertingkah laku sejalan dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila dengan enam ciri utama Profil Pelajar Pancasila.
MARAK TREN BUNUH DIRI, DIKLAT WAWASAN KEBINEKAAN GLOBAL TANAMKAN PENTINGNYA SELF LOVE KEPADA MAHASISWA PPG PRAJABATAN
Authors: Irianto Wahyu Sakti Gunawan , Nugroho Bagas , Sari Gilang Rafiqa , Mungalim Rifqy , Fitri Anisa Hilya
Published: October 2024

Abstrak: Tren kasus bunuh diri remaja, terutama di kalangan mahasiswa semakin sering ditemukan. Motifnya beragam dan banyaknya kasus tersebut juga disebabkan karena kurangnya dukungan sosial dari dalam diri maupun dari luar. Artikel ini ditujukan untuk mengaitkan diklat wawasan kebinekaan global yang menanamkan pentingnya self love terhadap adanya tren bunuh diri akhir-akhir ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dari beberapa bacaan mengenai self love, tren bunuh diri, dan pengamatan langsung pada kegiatan diklat wawsan kebinekaan global. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu kaitan antara self love dengan adanya tren kasus bunuh diri yang semakin banyak ditermukan akhir-akhir ini. Diklat wawasan kebinekaan global yang dilaksanakan di Universitas Negeri Malang berperan aktif dalam hal tersebut, yaitu dengan menanamkan self love melalui rangkaian kegiatan yang diselenggarakan pada tanggal 1 April 2024 untuk mahasiswa PPG Prajabatan Gelombang 2 tahun 2023 Universitas Negeri Malang
Macular edema in ocular inflammation
Authors: Paovic Prim.
Published: October 2024

Aim of this paper is to present the pathophysiological processes and the ultrastructure of the retina, important for the formation and development of macular edema. Macular edema is defined as an abnormal leakage and fluid and/ protein accumulation in the external plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer (on/under the macula), as well as swelling of Muller cells that lead to its thickening and swelling. It occurs as consequence of increased leakage from the retinal perifoveal capillaries and consequential macular thickening that, if it lasts longer than 6 months, is seen as chronic in nature. Based on clinical and imaging techniques, macular edema is classified as ischemic and non-ischemic (cystoid or diffuse). Macular edema is not an isolated ocular disease but is rather a complication of an isolated ocular inflammation or of an ocular inflammation that's associated with systemic non-infectious (autoimmune) or infectious diseases. This paper, in addition to the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of macular edema, also briefly covers imaging and treatment procedures and emphasizes the importance of treating the underlying inflammatory diseases that has led to the formation of the macular edema.
Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in oral cancer diagnosis: Review
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Vijay Pradakhshana , Anjum Rubeena , Pardhe Nilesh Dinesh , Jahan Ayeda , Khanam Wajiha
Published: October 2024

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common forms of head and neck cancer. Even with advancing research it still continues to have lowest survival rate globally. Histopathologiy still remains the gold standard for oral cancer diagnosis. But, it has few drawbacks being prone to errors (variability) and is time consuming leading to delay in diagnosis. In order to overcome these pitfalls there is a need for alternative diagnostic approaches which are faster and accurate at the same time. Considerable efforts have been focused on exploring the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics in recent times. The role of AI in medical imaging and diagnosis seems promising. Key benefit of AI is better accuracy, rapid diagnosis and reduced manual visualization of slides. This review article focuses on the role of AI in oral cancer detection with emphasis on machine learning and deep learning methods, decision support systems. Future challenges, benefits and limitations of AI have also been discussed.
Impact of restorative dental procedures on periodontal health: A comprehensive review
Authors: Sharma Ena , Sood Riddima , Sangha Ruhee , Thind Simran , Rayat Radhika
Published: October 2024

Restorative dental procedures play a crucial role in restoring function and aesthetics to damaged teeth, yet their impact on the periodontium—comprising the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone—cannot be overlooked. This review aims to explore the relationship between restorative dental treatments and periodontal health, emphasizing the potential risks and considerations involved. Factors such as improper crown placement, overhanging restorations, subgingival margin placement, and inadequate proximal contact can lead to periodontal inflammation, tissue damage, and bone loss. The integration of restorative and periodontal care is essential to ensure long-term success and to prevent adverse outcomes such as gingival recession, periodontal pocket formation, and compromised periodontal support. This review highlights the importance of precise clinical techniques, appropriate material selection, and careful case planning to minimize detrimental effects on the periodontium. Additionally, the role of regular periodontal maintenance and patient education in preserving periodontal health following restorative procedures is underscored. Understanding the delicate interplay between restorative interventions and periodontal health is vital for clinicians to achieve optimal treatment outcomes and maintain the integrity of both the teeth and supporting structures.
Precision and speed: The AI revolution in oral squamous cell carcinoma detection
Authors: Muhsina CH  , Albuquerque Vinisha , Heggade Vinutha , Rathan Sitara , Ashaya M
Published: October 2024

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and is most frequent histological neoplasm of head and neck cancers, and although it is localized in a region that is accessible to see and can be detected very early, this usually does not occur. The standard procedure for the diagnosis of oral cancer is based on histopathological examination, however, the main problem in this kind of procedure is tumor heterogeneity where a subjective component of the examination could directly impact patient-specific treatment intervention. AI can precisely analyze a vast dataset of various imaging modalities, such as fluorescent, hyperspectral, cytological, histological, radiological, endoscopic, clinical, and infrared thermal modalities. In this review, we discuss digital histopathological image analysis, computer vision and radiological analysis for the early detection of OSCC.