bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT OF: HILL COUNTRY PASTURES IN THE WELLINGTON PROVINCE
Authors: Suckling F.E.T.
Published: October 2021

Of the 5 1/4 million acres of total occupied land in the Wellington district nearly 4 million acres are in sown pasture, the remainder being bush, natural tussock grassland, scrub and secondary growth. Of this sown area a large proportion comprises hill-country farms running sheep and beef cattle and carrying an average of 1 to 2 sheep per acre. From the sheepfarming point of view the Wellington district is of major national importance, contributing nearly 22 per cent. of the total sheep population and almost 19 per cent. of the total beef cattle. The region as a whole carries the heaviest concentration of stock of all New Zealand.
PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF CLOVERS
Authors: Greenwood R.M.
Published: October 2021

In the field numerous factors operate to influence the germination and establishment of clovers, and Mr Sears, in the final naper in this series, shows how complex the problem is. It is impossible by field observation alone to disentangle the effects of all these factors and to decide in any particular case just which of them have been of importance in giving the observed result. It is thus essential for a better understanding of the behaviour of clover seedlings that certain variables, for instance nutrient supply, should be held constant while studying the effect of controlled variation in another, for example light intensity, and this is only possible under controlled conditions in a laboratory. This does not mean that the results of such findings will be of direct and immediate application in pract.ice, but rather t,hat. without. a knowledge of the fundamental reactions of seedlings to such factors as light, temperature, and nutrient supply, pro,gress in the field will be hampered.
STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHITE CLOVER SEED
Authors: Hyde E.O.C.
Published: October 2021

The papers that follow in this symposium will deal with various aspects of the behaviour of clover plants, but mainly with the reactions of seed and seedlings to environmental conditions. It is reasonable therefore at the outset to consider the nature of the clover seed and the ways in which the properties of the seed may vary.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOW-COUNTRY TUSSOCK GRASSLAND
Authors: Stevenson G.
Published: October 2021

As much of the better country has been developed, it has become increasingly necessary to turn to the improvement of the poorer types.
SOME ASPECTS OF GRASSLAND FARMING IN SOUTHLAND
Authors: Levy E.Bruce
Published: October 2021

The farming of any particular region must be approached from the aspect of climate. My placing of Southland as a climate would be midway between the climate of the greater part of the North Island of New Zealand and that of the lower half of Britain.
PASTURE MANAGEMENT ON A SOUTHLAND FAT LAMB FARM
Authors: Macpherson D.
Published: October 2021

When I took over the ownership and management of my farm of 285 acres of terrace land 29 years ago, there were four 50 acre paddocks and two 47+ acre paddocks, six in all, a stable with a lean-to on it, plenty of open, unfenced ditches, and in a lot of cases gorse hedges used as subdividing fences. However, under the old system of farming then in vogue when grain growing was the chief source of revenue, these paddocks were not unduly large. It was then carrying 450 ewes and a five-horse team. It took 25 acres of turnips to winter the ewes. The lambing percentage was much lower than today, and very few lambs were drafted fat off their mothers, and had anyone then suggested that in 28 years' time one would start lambing with 1275 ewes, that 1500 lambs would be tailed, and that 70 per cent. of these would go away off the mothers, such a statement would have appeared fantastic, yet that was the capacity of the farm in the 1948-49 season.
SOILS OF SOUTHLAND COUNTY
Authors: Cutler E.J.B.
Published: October 2021

Soil is the product of five soil-forming factors: rock, climate, vegetation, topography, and time. When one considers the wide range of each of these five factors, it is easy to visualise the large number of possible combinations. This is particularly true of New Zealand, where there are wide ranges in climate, vegetation, and, in some areas, parent material.
TIMOTHY AND COCKSFOOT STRAIN SELECTION
Authors: Gorman L.W.
Published: October 2021

Timothy (Phleum pratense) as a pasture species is well known as a late-maturing grass which thrives in damp situations but also grows quite well in a variety of soils. It is a highly palatable grass requiring a relatively fertile soil and apart from growing well in temperate climates shows to advantage also in the colder temperate zones. Timothy has been most extensively used in the United States of America, and is regarded as an important species in Canada and in northern Europe. In Sweden it is considered to be the most important of the hay grasses. In each of these countries it has been grown either alone, or with red clover, to provide hay crops, but in recent years the increasing interest in grazing pastures has suggested the necessity to locate and develop varieties or strains of timothy specially adapted for use in pasture mixtures.
GREATER PRODUCTION IN RELATION TO HILL-COUNTRY, FARMING
Authors: Madden E.A.
Published: October 2021

To stimulate discussion I have divided the subject into three sections, the first dealing with grasses and pasture establishment and' maintenance, the second dealing with soil fertility, and the third with finance.
METHODS OF MEASURING GRASSLAND PRODUCTION
Authors: Lynch P.B.
Published: October 2021

I do not intend to review the techniques of grassland production measurement (1) (2), but to present the results to date from some measurement trials at the Rukuhia Soil Research Station, Hamilton, and the Marton E,xperimental Area. These trials can be considered under two headings: First, the comparison of different techniques of cutting, and, secondly the comparison of different methods of field experimentation as applied to grassland production records.
SOME ASPECTS OF PASTURE ESTABLISHMENT ON WAIKATO PEATS
Authors: Elliott I.L. , Thompson F.B. , Adam J.
Published: October 2021

In considering this problem, it is necessary to define the conditions under discussion. Reference will be made in this paper to raw peat, decomposed peat,, and overdrained peat, and in order to clarify the position the following descriptions will apply.
HIGHER PRODUCTION FROM 0UR DAIRY FARMS
Authors: Hunger W.C.
Published: October 2021

The discussion this evening is an extremely important one from many aspects. Probably we, as farmers, are apt to look mainly on the economic side without giving much thought to any other angle. Admittedly a practical farmer must run his farm as a sound business proposition, otherwise he is failing in his duty to his family and himself, but one must not forget that today, as never before, the welfare and economy of our country is dependent on what we as farmers are doing with our grasslands.
INCREASED PRODUCTION ON DAIRY FARMS
Authors: Smallfield P.W.
Published: October 2021

Recentlv officers of the Extension Division of the Department of Agriculture carried out a county by county survey of the Dominion to define what increases in carrying capacity were both possible and probable by 1975, and what the ultimate potential carrying capacity was likely to be. They based their estimates on past trends in livestock numbers on each soil type and probable developments in farm management methods and their summarised conclusions indicate that in 1975 our most likely increase would be about 27 per cent. but that it would be possible to increase by 45 per cent. and that our ultimate potential increase might be 67 per cent. This estimate covers all land in the Dominion and, of course, includes large areas of pastoral land which with our present knowledge and economic conditions is not improvable. Some of you may think these'estimates too high; others will certainly, think them too low. As grassland workers I think we should analyse the basic conceptions underlying these estimates and discuss methods by which we may attain as rapid an increase as possible. For I may mention that this forecasting work was undertaken in view of the fact that the population of the Dominion is likely to be 2,750,OOO by 1975 and if the productive capacity of our farming lands is not increased at a rate comparable with our population growth our wealth and well-being are likely to suffer.
AN INTRODUCTION TO TARANAKI
Authors: Burgess A.C.
Published: October 2021

The Taranaki district, as covered in this paper, comprises the Taranaki, Egmont, Inglewood, Stratf,ord, Eltham, Waimate West, Hawera, Patea, Whangamomona, and Clifton Counties. Dairying predominates in the first seven counties mentioned ; in the last three sheep farming is the more important
PR0BLEMS OF HILL COUNTRY IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Holden F.J.S.
Published: October 2021

In this paper it is proposed to discuss briefly the principal reasons for failures or indifferent results in pasture establishment on hill country observed. from. time to time in Southern Hawke's Bay,, Northern Manawatu, and the King Country. This will, best be done by separating the principal methods of sowing, namely, after cultivation by giant discs, sowing on the ash, and oversowing the existing poor grass sward.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LOBURN FOOTHILL FARM
Authors: Mcgloin P.H.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the story of the development of a farm in a foothills district, a district that achieved notoriety because of the number of abandoned farms in the middle and late thirties and the general low standard of productivity of the area. It is hoped also to show how applied farm management is the key to increased production.
FARMING ON THE FOOTHILL PROPERTY OF MR F. J. MEYER
Authors: Meyer A.C.
Published: October 2021

This property, which is farmed by my brother and myself, is on the Claremont silt loam soil type at an altitude. of' 450ft. and our rainfall averages 34 to 36in. annudly.8 The area of the farm is 1423,acres, all of which is ploughable, with the exception of steep back faces and gullies, with 716 acres one side and 707 acres' the other side of the road which bisects the property. The history of the farming of this property as a single unit dates from 1945, as before that we ran the place in conjunction with 250 acres of heavy land at Studholme.
MOLYBDENUM RESEARCH IN NEW. ZEALAND
Authors: Davies E.B.
Published: October 2021

Molybdenum is a silvery-white metal falling in the same group as chromium and tungsten. Molybdenite, the only ore of commercial importance, is world-wide in distribution, but the chief sources are from Colorado and New Mexico, U.S.A., and Chile. A very small amount was mined at Mt. Radiant, Xaramea, about 1917. In 1941 world production was 17,000 tons a year, of which 15,000 tons came from U.S.A. Present annual production approaches 20,000' tons. The main consumption is in heat-resistant steel alloys, such as are used in high-speed cutting tools, rifle barrels, and so on. Molybdenum is used for the filament supports in electric light bulbs on account of its high melting point (2550 degrees C.). The metal is in short supply at present and rationed.
THE STORAGE OF PASTURE SEEDS
Authors: Hyde E.O.C.
Published: October 2021

Efficient seed storage is an essential part of a-good farm&& economy. In grassland farming it-is obviously desirable that the seeds. relied on for the establishment of new pastures should not deteriorate in ,the time between harvesting and sowing. Though a high standard of care is' generally exercised in the main seed stores, serious deterioration sometimes occurs, especially with seeds received in bad condition from the grower. More frequent instances of rapid deterioration are found in retailers' stores and during shipment. These losses are undoubtedly avoidable.
MOLYBDENUM RESPONSES AT INVERMAY
Authors: Holmes G.A.
Published: October 2021

After discussion with Dr E. B. Davies of the Soil Research Station about 2 years ago, the decision was made to lay down a mowing trial on secondclass undulating clay land at Invermay Agricultural Research Station, which is situated at North Taieri on the westerly side of the hills behind Dunedin. This soil has been shown to require heavy applications of lime and phosphate, but even then does not hold grass well under normal stock management. The disappearance of the better grasses is a consequence of the failure of clovers to thrive
THE STATISTICIAN AND PASTURE TRIALS
Authors: Glenday A.C.
Published: October 2021

In a paper read before the Royal Statistical Society in 1934 (1) appears the following quotation of 'an eminent Professor of Agriculture of an earlier date "Damn ;h;luplicate plot; give me one plot and I know where This certamly showed a realisation of the variability of plant 'material, but was also a confession of inability to overcome it and obtain .valid experimental results. The present paper attempts to show to -what extent the statistician has been able to provide adequate answers to the difficulties of dealing with the variable material in pasture trials. Much of what is presented here -applies to other branches of science, and many of the principles involved are adapted from quite different branches.
FARMING FOOTHILL COUNTRY
Authors: Flay A.H.
Published: October 2021

The farming of foothill country is carried out over the entire length of the South Island. The area consists of those lower hills and undulating clay downs most of which are ploughable. It is situated between the plains ~)r lowlands of the eastern coastline- and the high,' steep, unploughable tussock, scrub, and mountainous country which extends westward to the Main Divide. It is commonly known as the browntop belt on account of this dominant species, which forms the main soil. coverage; The area of the browntop belt in Canterbury alone comprises some 3 million acres.
EXPERIMENTAL WORK ON COCKSFOOT 'SEED PRODUCTION
Authors: Lambert J.P. , Thurston W.G.
Published: October 2021

Over the 6 years 1946 to 1951 an average annual area of 9330 acres has been harvested for cocksfoot seed in New Zealand, mainly in Ashburton and Southland Counties. The average yield of dressed seed over these 6 harvests has been 1701bs. per acre. The average annual total yield was a little ,over 14 million pounds of seed
METHODS OF PASTURE ESTABLISHMENT
Authors: Blackmore L.W.
Published: October 2021

Remarks are confined in this paper mainly to the technical aspect of pasture establishment with special reference to recent developments.
AN INTRODUCTION TO SOUTH CANTERBURY
Authors: Stafford W.C. , Scott R.H.
Published: October 2021

Definition of the Area: South Canterbury is a well-defined region comprising the counties of Geraldine, Levels, Mackenzie and Waimate. It is bounded in the north by the Rangitata River, Forest Creek, and part of the Two Thumb Range, on the west by the crest of the Southern Alps, in the South by the Waitaki River, and on the east by the sea. Of the total area of 3$ million acres, 2,820,OOO acres or 86 per cent of the total area is occupied for farming. Of this occupied area 2,010,OOO acres are unimproved land, 651,000 acres are in sown grass, and 125,000 acres in crops, cereals, green feed, and root crops. In 1949-50 the occupied area carried 1,92?,000 sheep and 56,000 cattle, of which 6,100 were dairy cows in milk
CONTROL OF ODONTJUA BY DDT and BHC INSECTICIDES
Authors: Kelsey J.M.
Published: October 2021

A paper on the subject of grass-grub and subterranean caterpillar control was read at the -1950 Grassland Conference at Invercargill; the work has been continued and the Ashburton Station has issued a pamphlet giving more definite recommendations than in the previous paper. The present paper is confined to control ,of grass-grubs, but the same treatment will automatically kill porina (subterranean caterpillar or Oxycanus). Though control recommendations are included and will be published in this paper, it is intended to confine remarks to factors that can prevent good control by DDT and BHC.
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF SOME HIGH-COUNTRY PASTURES
Authors: Coop I.E.
Published: October 2021

Most of the observations and research work carried out to date on the high country of New Zealand have been concerned with the maintenance of the existing pasture cover or of regeneration in depleted areas. This line of work is obviously a most important one, but it should go hand in hand with a study of the animals grazing those pastures. This paper is concerned with an attempt to bridge the gap between the plant and the animal, by chemical analysis of the pasture to determine its value to the grazing sheep.
PASTURE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AS APPLIED TO STRAIN TESTING
Authors: Mcneur A.J.
Published: October 2021

It is now well recognised that within almost any species of pasture plants there are distinct varieties or strains which differ in certain characters such as colour, growth habit, herbage yield, disease resistance, flowering time, or persistency. Plant breeders produce bred strains that are superior in some particular characters to the strains already in existence. In pasture plants most of the plant breeding will be toward increasing the yield of herbage, so that a simple and reliable method of measuring production is essential for this work.
RESULTS OF PASTURE ESTABLISHMENT TRIALS
Authors: Sears P.D.
Published: October 2021

There is no simple recipe for successful pasture establishment. Many factors have to be considered and each programme adjusted to ensure a good even strike of the sown species, to maintain a vigorous and balanced growth of all without undue suppression of any, and to control weeds.
INCREASING PRODUCTION FROM NORTHLAND HILL COUNTRY
Authors: Moore A.Briscoe
Published: October 2021

The subject of this paper is the large area of non-cultivable hill country now in production in the land area mostly north of Auckland City, the North Auckland Land District. It has been broken in, for the most part from standing bush, and to a less .extent scrub and fern, and carries the greater part of the sheep population of this area, which is approximately 1,400,OOO plus a high percentage of the beef cattle, some 230,000.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCRUB GUMLANDS
Authors: Ballinger C.E.
Published: October 2021

In considering the development of scrub gumlands in Northland, it must be borne in mind that the term gumland covers a wide range of podsolised soil types derived from a variety of sedimentary soils, and if the presence of gum holes and a strongly leached soil allows land to be classed as gumland, the term could be extended to some mature soil types derived from volcanic dolerite. The vegetation on the gumlands is mainly manuka scrub, fern, and varieties of rushes and sedges. Frequent burning has prevented regeneration of other species
SOILS OF NORTH AUCKLAND
Authors: Taylor N.H. , Sutherland C.F.
Published: October 2021

The topography of North Auckland is varied and somewhat intricate, as geological structures parallel with the north-west trend of the peninsula are broken across by structures trending north-east parallel with the main axis of New Zealand.
SURFACE DRAINAGE
Authors: Banfield G.L.
Published: October 2021

In this paper it is not intended to suggest a form of drainage alternative to the more orthodox methods of underground drainage. There are, however, certain conditions under which underground drains cannot possibly function and a form of drainage. referred to as surface drainage must be resorted to.
SHORT-ROTATION RYEGRASS
Authors: Corkill L.
Published: October 2021

Short-rotation ryegrass (or Hl as it is still commonly called) was produced by the Grasslands Division of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research with the idea of combining the good features of Italian and perennial ryegrass-from Italian, rapid establishment, high winter and early spring production, and good palatability; from perennial, relative permanence. It is, in fact, a fair compromise between these two species. It resembles more closely its Italian parent than its perennial. It establishes rapidly, is very palatable to stock, grows vigorously in the winter and early spring, and is relatively low producing in the late summer and early autumn, but is longer lived than Italian.
STRAINS OF STRAWBERRY CLOVER
Authors: Gorman L.W.
Published: October 2021

Strawberry clover when growing vigorously is difficult to distinguish from white clover. Its stoloniferous growth and creeping habit resemble that of white clover, the leaf colour is similar, but the distinguishing features are the longer and narrower leaflet of the strawberry clover with the veins of each leaflet very much branched and more closely spaced than in white clover. The flower heads differ also. The flower heads of white clover are usually white, but some may have a pinkish tinge. Strawberry clover flowers are slightly pointed and mostly pinkish to white, closely resembling a ripening strawberry; hence the name strawberry clover. As the flowers ripen the florets of white clover turn down toward the ground, whereas in strawberry clover the whole flower .head develops a characteristic "bladdery" appearance with further resemblances to the' fruit of the common strawberry plant. Strawberry clover seed is larger than that of white clover, but slightly smaller than that of red clover. The seed colour. may vary, but is principally reddish brown or yellow, distmctly flecked, with dark markings.
TUSSOCK GRASSLANDS IN THE SOUTH ISLAND OF NEW ZEALAND
Authors: Hercus J.M.
Published: October 2021

More than 13 million acres, nearly one-third of the occupied, land of New Zealand, are described, as tussock grassland, and much the greater part of these are in the South Island. Before occupation the area so classified was even more extensive, but many of the more fertile lowland valleys and plains have been successfully cultivated and sown down to improved pastures.
IMPORTANCE OF SPELLING IN PASTURE PRODUCTION
Authors: Hamblyn C.J.
Published: October 2021

In the 20 years between 1919 and I939 a Wairarapa hill-country farmer was able to increase the carrying capacity of a 3300-acre hill-country farm from some 4800 sheep wintered -in 1919 to some 8000 carried through the winter on the property in 1939, and this without the aid of fertilisers or the improvement of the pastures by oversowing with clovers.
VALUE OF PASTURE SPECIES IN CANTERBURY
Authors: Leitch C.C.
Published: October 2021

Over a long period it has been recognised that grass is one of our most valuable crops. In the past years its real importance has not always been recognised and it was not given very mu'ch attention because other crops appeared to be of more value. The advances that have been made in plant breeding and pasture management in recent years and these. advances applied to the grass species have resulted in its becoming almost our most important crop.
EFFECT OF CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENT AND MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH OF PASTURE SPECIES
Authors: Mitchell K.J.
Published: October 2021

In considering the relationship of light and temperature to the growth of grasses and clovers it is important to know the actual conditions around individual plants in a pasture. Without that information the resuits of detailed experiments in glasshouse or laboratory conditions cannot be interpreted. For light intensity little comment is needed. It is well known that considerable shading occurs within a long pasture. Shorter plants are overshadowed by tall ones, but even for those taller plants a large proportion of their leaf tissue can be in dense shade. Consequently they will also assume a pattern of growth characteristic of shaded plants.
THE OVERDRILLING OF PASTURES
Authors: Blackmore L.W.
Published: October 2021

The overdrilling of pastures is a mechanical method of placing the seed, and usually the fertiliser also, directly into the soil, as distinct from the accepted practice of broadcasting on the pasture surface with or without previous surface cultivation.
NUTRITION PROBLEMS ON PAST. URES ON THE AHURIRI RECLAMATION AREA
Authors: Byrne J.J. , Collin F.H.
Published: October 2021

Probably everyone present here today is familiar with the story of the 1931 Napier earthquake, but I wonder if it is equally well known that the Ahuriri Lagoon Reclamation owes its origin to this same disaster.
MANUKA BLIGHT IN NORTHERN HAWKES BAY
Authors: Ayson E.C.
Published: October 2021

But for the fortuitous appearance of a hitherto unknown scale insect of the Eriococcus genus on manuka, in the Geraldine District of Canterbury in the mid 1930's, this paper may well have been titled "Manuka- the problem weed of the Hawkes Bay hill. country." We might have been telling of a losing battle fought on farms and stations against a persistent and relentless foe; of properties verging on bankruptcy and abandonment, because of the difficulty of securing. labour and finance for cutting and control.
RESULTS OF SILAGE INVESTIGATIONS WITH HIGH PROTEIN UNWILTED FORAGE AT THE NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
Authors: Kennedy W.K.
Published: October 2021

Silage is not a replacement for good pasture management, but it is a means of making the most of a sound grassland programme. It is an effective method of preserving surpluses of immature forage for use when pasture is in short supply or completely lacking. While quality silage is an excellent feed it is still a substitute .for the original product-pasture herbage. The problem in making silage is to produce a nutritious and palatable feed and to keep the loss of nutrients at a minimum.
GENERAL GRASSLAND PROBLEMS OF THE NETHERLANDS AND NEIGHOURING COUNTRIES
Authors: Hart M.L.T.
Published: October 2021

Along the coast of the North Sea from north-west France to the border of Denmark a low-lying area of 12 million acres is situated. More than 50 per cent of the land used for agriculture in this region is productive of permanent grassland. Ley farming is only of minor importance, in contrast to neighbouring countries, such as England and Denmark. In this paper some problems of grassland farming in this area will be discussed
GRAZING STANDARDS IN RANGE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ellison Lincoln
Published: October 2021

The re are two axioms, or self-evident principles that underlie grazing standards in range management: (1) a primary objective in management is normal soil stability; and (2) Grazing standards for any particular site must be based on the inherent potential of that site. the first has an ethical, the second a scientific basis.
FILM, "TWO BLADES OF GRASS"
Authors: Donald C.M.
Published: October 2021

A film "Two Blades of Grass" dealing with grilssland development in southern Australia was introduced by C. M. Donald, Professor of Agriculture, The University of Adelaide, and the following discussion took place as a result of the showing of the film.
CANTERBURY PASTURES IN RELATION TO CROPPING AND SMALL SEEDS PRODUCTION
Authors: Smith E.G.
Published: October 2021

The area of Canterbury Plains and downlands capable of cultivation is about 22 million acres. Soils
SOME RESULTS AND PROBLEMS FROM EXPERIMENTS AT WINCHMORE IRRIGATION RESEARCH STATION
Authors: Mcpherson G.K.
Published: October 2021

It has been estimated that there are almost l,OOO,OOO acres of light land on the Canterbury Plains. The term light land is really a misnomer in that it _ bears no relationship to the actual texture of the soil. The term is merely one which has come into general use in Canterbury to refer to land where there is a shallow depth of soil lying on top of the gravel or shingle. There is no clear definition of what constitutes light land, but it would probably be reasonable to assume that any land where the depth of soil and subsoil overlying the gravel is 16in. or less would be classed as light land.
SULPHUR RESPONSES ON PASTURES
Authors: Walker T.W.
Published: October 2021

The recognition of sulphur deficiency during the last few years over large areas of the South Island may be said to have originated in trials by Lobb (1953, 1954). The implications of earlier work by Doak (1929) and others had not been fully appreciated. After seeing some of the responses obtained by Lobb in North Otago, we at Lincoln decided to examine the nature of sulphur responses in Canterbury. After some initial experiments on rape (Walker, Adams, and Orchiston, 1954), where sulphur was shown to be of slight importance, emphasis was shifted to the tussock country in the Canterbury foothills (Walker, Adams, and Orchiston, I955 and unpublished data). This paper will summarise most of our work.
THE USE OF SHORT-ROTATION RYEGRASS ON A MANAWATU FAT LAMB FARM
Authors: Willis D.R.
Published: October 2021

It is necessary when a farmer like myself is giving a paper such as this that he should first acquaint you not only with the location and type of his farm, but also with a brief history of his farming experience so as to enable you to get some perspective as to the value of what is said.
THE USE OF SHORT-ROTATION RYEGRASS ON A BAY OF PLENTY FARM
Authors: Titterton H.G.
Published: October 2021

The farm is situated on an arm of the Tauranga Harbour, on the Omokoroa Peninsula, 12 miles north of Tauranga and is on a narrow strip of rolling country between the Kaimai Hills and the sea. The land on this peninsula consists of a ridge down the centre, with rolling lands going down to sandy swamps and flats on each side. The farm is divided into three by two shallow gullies, which drain a considerable water-shed above the farm, necessitating a lot of draining.
SURVEY OF THE USE OF SHORT ROTATION RYEGRASS
Authors: Scott R.H.
Published: October 2021

Fourteen years have passed since short-rotation ryegrass, or H I (Hybrid No. I) as it was then called, was first released, and the executive committee of the Grassland Association thought that the time had arrived when a stocktaking could be made of the grass; hence this symposium.
THE MOISTURE REQUIREMENTS AND MANAGEMENT OF IRRIGATED PASTURE
Authors: Hopewell H.G.
Published: October 2021

The previous paper dealt with the broad fundamentals underlying the moisture requirement of pastures. In making my contribution to this symposium I will attempt to consider the implications of these principles in determining a practical irrigation schedule and to discuss the management of irrigated pastures. Firstly the irrigation schedule: Mr Rickard has indicated that the rate of water use by pastures is between 0.1 and 0.2 per day and that growth begins to be affected when the amount lost from the soil is of the order of 1 to I in., that is, when a deficit of 1 to 14 in. is built up.
ASPECTS OF SOIL MOISTURE AND IRRIGATION
Authors: Rickard D.S.
Published: October 2021

The growth of all plants depends on a supply of water which is normally obtained through their roots from the soil. Plants use enormous quanities of water during their growing period, and although some of this water is used to carry soluble food into the roots and some is used to assist with carbohydrate production, the amounts used in these ways are small compared with the total consumption. For where a large proportion of other nutrients ~absorbed~by-the~plant-is~retained,~a~continuous_flow_ofwaterfrom~ the soil into the plant roots and out through the leaves must be maintained.
IMPROVEMENT OF LOTUS ULIGINOSUS
Authors: Barclay P.C.
Published: October 2021

Lotus uliginosus, commonly called Lotus major, is an important perennial legume in our grassland economy. It has proved valuable as a pioneer legume on peat, pumice, and hill country, where its rambling growth enables it to compete favourably with rushes, scrub, or fern, and as a permanent component of the wetter hill country where it is the important legume wherever the fertility and aspect are not optimum for white clover. It withstands heavy grazing and spreads both rhizomatously and stoloniferously. However, the material available is of great variability, the species in general establishes poorly from seed, and at Palmerston North is dormant in growth throughout May to August.
PASTURE IMPROVEMENT IN LOW ALTITUDE TUSSOCK AND SCRUB-LAND
Authors: Duff H.A.
Published: October 2021

The tussock grasslands and scrub-infested areas of the South Island vary considerably, according to altitude, climatic factors of rainfall, temperature, and wind, and the influence of mankind. To appreciate fully the theme of this paper a brief description of the locality, soil type, and ecology of the particular district will be helpful in evaluating the problems and the methods adopted to bring about an improvement in fertility and production. The area known as Traquair, Lee Stream, Wehenga, and Hindon represents some 300,000 acres and is situated 25 to 40 miles by road in a north to north-westerly direction from Dunedin. Broadly speaking it is an inland plateau bounded by the Maungatua Mountains in the south, the Lammermoor Range in the west, Deep Stream in the-north, and the Taieri River and Silver Peak Mountains in the east. Abrupt medium to deep gullies and gorges with extensive flat tops are characteristic of the topography of the country, which in altitude varies from 600 to 1,500 ft above sea level. Shelter trees are restricted to homestead plantings and small shelter belts.
ECONOMICS OF LAND DEVEPOPMENT IN OTAGO
Authors: Peryman N.M.
Published: October 2021

I feel that I must make it quite clear right from the start that I am neither an economist nor a scientist. The only aspect of economics that I understand is that of profit or loss; and of science, its practical application to meet the present needs of the individual farmer.
FIELD DAY (5 articles)
Authors: Reid and Sons W.J. , Traquair A.
Published: October 2021

Description of Property The holding can be roughly divided into 4 blocks: 1. The clean, better class lowland around the homestead; 2. A belt of scrub-infested country; 3. A large clean area of fescue and browntop with tussock; 4. Snow tussock, summer country of the Maungatua Range. Soils are mainly derived from micaschist, but as a result of weathering and leaching are deficient in lime, phosphate, and molybdenum.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF FOOTHILL COUNTRY
Authors: Lobb W.R.
Published: October 2021

The areas about which I wish to speak are those of the extensive farm, in general farmed at a low level of efficiency, irrespective of size, slope, or altitude, the improvement of which is dependent on the correction of some fertility problem. It is not thercforc the foothill country, but a much greater area; it is not so much the area as the problem about which I wish to speak. The frontiers of grassland improvement have moved from the plains and downs to the hills and mountains, from the small paddock to the range, from the accessible to the remote, and this has been assisted by many factors, not the least of which is the aeroplane.
FARM SHELTER FOR EXPOSED ROLLING COUNTRY OF OTAGO
Authors: Brown C.H.
Published: October 2021

Conditions of frequent cold south-westerly airstreams accompanied by gale force winds are a feature of the winter climate of Otago. Growth of pasture is not checked to the same degree, stock do not lose condition, nor is the requirement for feed so great where effective shelter has been provided.
THE MAORI AND MIS LAND
Authors: Holst V.
Published: October 2021

It is well known that the Maori, particularly of the older generation, has a great veneration for his ancestors and the land which was theirs and is now his. When the history of Maori ownership of land is known, then one can understand their "pride of possession", which after all is a characteristic not limited to the Maori people. For example, in England landed estates have been handed down to generation after generation over the centuries and in New Zealand there are many instances of land still being owned and occupied by the descendants of the original pioneer settlers.
CROPS FOR CANNING AND DEEP FREEZING
Authors: Renouf L.R.
Published: October 2021

Since the early 1940s there has been an appreciable change in the production of food crops: from the intensified methods of market gardening on fairly small holdings supplying the crops fresh to market, to large-scale production of these crops for processing for canning and deep freezing.
SHEEP'S FEET AND PASTURE PLANTS
Authors: Edmond D.B.
Published: October 2021

In the early days biologists viewed Southland with interest, if with some concern, but as time passed European plants and animals were found to be well suited to the environment. With the help of technical advice, man with his ingenuity and energy continues to transform tussockland, forest, and swamp. With the pastures which he has developed, a farming pattern has evolved, of high stocking rate and complete utilisation of herbage, which is conventionally accepted as being first class. Is it good enough?
LUCERNE-GRASS MIXTURES
Authors: Cullen N.A.
Published: October 2021

The sowing of a grass with lucerne is not a common practice in the south and is confined largely to the drier districts of Canterbury, Marlborough, and Otago.
IMPROVEMENT OF LOW ALTITUDE TUSSOCK COUNTRY IN CENTRAL OTAGO
Authors: Ludecke T.E.
Published: October 2021

This paper describes the research work undertaken in the last two and a 'half years into the improvement of run country in Central Otago. The district covers 4,500 square miles of the Clutha and Taieri catchments stretching from the Lakes in the west and Miller's FIX and Middlemarch in the east. About twothirds of the area lies above 1,500 ft and is the run or pastoral country.
COVID-19: НОВАЯ ТЕМА МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ АНТРОПОЛОГИИ
Authors: Харитонова Валентина Ивановна
Published: October 2021

В статье рассматривается ситуация, сложившаяся в стране и мире в результате эпидемии COVID-19, начавшейся в Китае в декабре 2019 – январе 2020 годов и объявленной 11 марта ВОЗ пандемией. Обращается внимание на основные события и реакцию на них как со стороны административных и законодательных органов, так и общества. Кратко характеризуются основные направления и специфика полевой и научно-исследовательской деятельности медицинских антропологов и иных специалистов, работающих вместе с ними в едином интердисциплинарном поле.
ХРОНИКА КОРОНАВИРУСА В ИТАЛИИ: «МАЗУНЫ» ДВАДЦАТЬ ПЕРВОГО ВЕКА
Authors: Бахматова Марина Николаевна
Published: October 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема появления и трансформации дискурса о т.н. «мазунах» в условиях распространения коронавирусной эпидемии в Италии зимой и весной 2020 г. Устанавливаются исторические аналогии с периодом эпидемии чумы 1630 г. в Милане, описанном классиком итальянской литературы А. Мандзони, и другими эпидемиологическими событиями прошлого, в которых фигурировал концепт «мазуна». Выявляются факторы, влияющие на перенесение данного определения на разные социальные группы и отдельные категории населения как в самой Италии, так и за ее пределами, а также прослеживается динамика возникновения и трансформации соответствующих дискурсивных полей.
РОДЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ КАРАНТИНА: ПОЗИЦИЯ ДОУЛЫ
Authors: Ожиганова Анна Александровна , МОЛОДЦОВА Мария Олеговна
Published: October 2021

В публикации представлено два интервью с юристом и доулой, членом Ассоциации профессиональных доул (АПД), Марией Молодцовой о том, как эпидемия коронавируса в России повлияла на работу роддомов, с какими проблемами столкнулись женщины, у которых подошел срок родов, и что могут предложить доулы в условиях режима ограничительных мер. Первое интервью записано 20 марта, в самом начале эпидемии и отражает первую реакцию доульского сообщества на запрет партнерских родов в московских роддомах. Второе интервью записано 8 мая, после того как были приняты новые рекомендации Минздрава РФ по ведению беременности и оказанию помощи женщинам во время родов в условиях эпидемии COVID-19.
СВЕДЕНИЯ ПО НАРОДНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЕ В МАТЕРИАЛАХ ФОЛЬКЛОРНОГО ФОНДА ИНСТИТУТА ЯЗЫКА, ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ И ИСТОРИИ КОМИ УРО РАН (К. XX – Н. XXI ВВ.)
Authors: Савельева Галина Сергеевна
Published: October 2021

В статье дан обзор материалов по народной медицине, собранных в ходе фольклорно-этнографических экспедиций в ряде районов Республики Коми. Эти сведения были записаны в последние десятилетия и отражают народные представления о болезнях, профилактических мероприятиях и способах лечения. Приведены данные, зафиксированные от носителей традиции врачевания, в частности, от одной из местных костоправок.
КОРОНАВИРУС ПО-ШВЕДСКИ
Authors: Сорокина Елена Анатольевна
Published: October 2021

В статье анализируется практика осуществления в Швеции рекомендательных мер по преодолению эпидемии коронавируса COVID-19. Внимание обращается на своеобразие шведского подхода к решению данной проблемы, которое имеет корни как в теоретической концепции шведских эпидемиологов (А. Тегнелл, Й. Гизеке), так и в особенностях социально-политической культуры самих шведов. Шведы традиционно доверяют властям и административно-политической структуре в целом, аккуратно и четко исполняют предписания и законы. Большое значение для лучшего понимания данной шведской реальности имеет традиционно присущее шведской социально-политической традиции стремление всех сторон общества искать и находить действенные компромиссные решения.
«НЕ ПОЗВОЛЬ ВИРУСУ ВТОРГНУТЬСЯ В ТВОЕ СОЗНАНИЕ!»: БЕСПОКОЙСТВА И ОЖИДАНИЯ В ИНДИИ В ПЕРИОД COVID-19 (ЗАМЕТКИ ИЗ ДНЕВНИКА ЭТНОГРАФА, 8-25 МАРТА 2020 г.)
Authors: Рыжакова Светлана Игоревна
Published: October 2021

На основе этнографического дневника и ряда публикаций в настоящем эссе представлена хроника дней с 8 по 25 марта 2020 г., проведенных автором в Индии – в Дели, Вриндаване и его окрестностях, в университете Алигарха, Калькутте и Ченнаи. В заметках, зарисовках, впечатлениях этих дней очерчена конфигурация перемен в индийском обществе, происходящих в связи с началом распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции.
О ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВАХ ТКМ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ НОВОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ
Authors: Сян Синь , Чжун Чжэнь , Ли Сянмэй
Published: October 2021

Новая коронавирусная инфекция стала крупномасштабной угрозой для жизни и здоровья людей. На сегодняшний момент на территории КНР, во многом благодаря активному использованию средств и методов традиционной китайской медицины (ТКМ), хорошо контролируется эпидемиологическая обстановка. В процессе лечения средствами ТКМ, с одной стороны, ослабляются жар, непрерывный кашель и другие симптомы, а с другой стороны, снижается риск быстрого развития болезни, заметно повышается качество жизни пациента. В данной статье исследуется воплощение теории «Лечение болезни в соответствии с тремя факторами».
ИНФЕКЦИЯ SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19): ПОЗИЦИЯ ГАБОНСКОЙ ТРАДИЦИОННОЙ ФАРМАКОПЕИ
Authors: Падзис Ги Стефан
Published: October 2021

В статье предлагается комбинированная терапия для SARS-CoV-2, включающая в себя применение настоя из лекарственных растений, богатых натуральными алкалоидами. Известно, что алкалоиды имеют противовирусное воздействие, основанное на ингибиции репликации вируса путем блокирования активности вирусной ДНК-полимеразы. Этот подход мог бы способствовать поиску терапевтического решения проблемы COVID-19.
Problems and prospects of e-commerce regulation in the EAEU
Authors: Bondarenko Aleksei Valerievich , Evgrafova Olga Vladimirovna , Kozhankov Anton Yurievich , Vakhrushev Valentin Yurievich
Published: October 2021

The rapid growth of online trade leads to a number of problems faced by EAEU member states in the implementation of customs regulation of electronic commerce: reducing the tax base by reducing traditional trade; sending profit fl ows to those countries where the parent companies of online trading platforms are registered; imperfect competition of goods imported duty-free compared to goods produced within the EAEU; the emergence of new security threats due to the actual lack of certification and other restrictions, which actualizes a thorough study of this phenomenon and its timely regulation. The article outlines topical issues of regulating the movement of goods of cross-border electronic trade across the customs border of the EAEU, which make it necessary to amend the Agreement on the Customs Code of the EAEU on cross-border electronic commerce, that is, the content of the draft Protocol on Amendments, according to which "goods for electronic commerce" is understood as goods, acquired by individuals in the framework of foreign electronic commerce, under which, in turn, it is meant to conclude a transaction, one of the parties to which is a foreign economic operator, on electronic trading platforms through the Internet. An analysis of these changes is presented, in particular, the prospect of creating a new legal institution and type of activity in the field of customs regulation — an e-commerce operator, which will provide logistics of operations, as well as ensure interaction with Internet sites and customs, ensuring customs declaration processes. The main requirements for the operator of electronic commerce, the specifics of temporary storage, customs declaration and issuance of electronic commerce goods, the specifics of the application of the customs procedure of the customs warehouse, as well as the procedure for applying customs payments and the prospects for regulating electronic commerce in the EAEU have been determined.
Features of business administration in the context of global chaordic business environment (part two)
Authors: Burenin Vladimir Arsenievich , Burenina Elizaveta Vladimirovna
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is to create professional guidelines for politicians, managers of organizations of various profiles and levels (national, regional and municipal), who have to take into account in their business practice the presence of uncertainty, turbulence and chaos in their business environment, including its international segment. It is known that administration as a bureaucratic method of management has long been widely used in routine, repetitive processes of business practice. But when the business process becomes more complicated, communications grow, the manager drowns in the flow of information, does not have time to make decisions, when the situation is unexpectedly and constantly changing, the efficiency of administration falls catastrophically and creates new more complex problems. Moreover, the higher the level of a manager, the more time they spend on the administration process, and the more in such cases it becomes a hindrance to development processes, causes them significant harm and becomes a catalyst for the strengthening or formation of new chaotic zones in the business environment. Numerous practical problems associated with attempts of managers to work constructively in chaos zones and effective management in conditions of increased uncertainty and turbulence in the business environment gradually began to form and make it possible to generalize significant experience in this area, called chaos management. The article systematizes the author’s many years of experience as an independent consultant on organizational and strategic development in Russian and foreign companies, which was associated with the search for effective solutions to improve the manageability of a business (company) in the face of constant turbulent changes in the market. The object of systematization is the administration processes for solving problems that arise in the business environment of modern companies, which the business community did not have to deal with so often and regularly early. The essence is that there is a tendency of the need for a significant rethinking of the approach to the work of modern managers-administrators, a revision of their work technologies and the structure of management functionality in a chaordic business environment. New skills of business thinking are required that are adequate to the principles of the theory of social chaos, which describes the features of the behavior of modern nonlinear systems (events), which at first glance seem random, unpredictable and disordered. Otherwise, the administrator will be «pulled» into the chaos zones and by his unprofessional actions will only expand and deepen them, stimulating the diffusion of the zones of instability and instability, i.e. the penetration of chaos into other areas (systems), where it can be claimed or borrowed, but for other purposes.