bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revealing Fifth-Grade Students’ Understanding of the Universe
Authors: Coştu Fatma , Özdemir Nesibe Firdevs , Coştu Bayram
Published: September 2022

Previous research has shown that students at almost all levels have misconceptions about both the shapes and sizes of celestial bodies in space. This study is essential to conduct on the students who take space topic in their schools for the first time This study aims at revealing fifth-grade students’ alternative conceptions about the size of the sun, earth, and moon and their relative positions to each other. This study employs action research by using a forced questionnaire and interview were used as the research instruments and involved 78 fifth-grade students as participants. To collect data, all students initially responded to a forced question questionnaire. Then, based on their responses, four students were chosen to be interviewed to clarify their alternative conceptions. The data analysis was carried out using interview and questionnaire data to reveal understanding and alternative conceptions of students’ responses. The results found that students had alternative conceptions of the earth’s shape in their minds. Moreover, alternative conceptions are commonly found in the sun, earth and moon positions.
How Do Middle School Mathematics Teachers Conceptualize Open-Ended Questions?
Authors: Bingolbali Erhan , Cevik Hilmi Furkan
Published: September 2022

The study aims at examining middle school mathematics teachers' conceptions of open-ended questions. A questionnaire consisting of open-ended items was applied to 40 mathematics teachers. The teachers were asked to define the open-ended question in general and the mathematical open-ended question in particular and provide examples to exemplify their definitions. This study employs phenomenographic study aiming at revealing middle school mathematics teachers' conceptions and experience regarding open-ended questions in an exploratory manner. The findings show that the teachers explained the open-ended question through its form (appearance), the number of outputs, the process/method required, and its functionality. In addition, teachers defined the open-ended question mostly using non-mathematical terms, and they had particular difficulties defining the mathematical open-ended question. The teachers regarded questions with variable correct answers as open-ended, could not give examples of open-ended questions with infinitely correct answers, and some deemed closed-ended questions as open-ended. Although the participants were mathematics teachers, the examples they presented for the open-ended question were mostly from outside the field of mathematics. This study points out the fact that teachers need a guiding conceptualization of open-ended questions.
The Impact of Allosteric Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement and Research Skills in the 5th Grade Social Studies Course
Authors: Bayram Hüseyin
Published: September 2022

Allosteric learning approach advocates the acquisition of knowledge through experiences, and this could be appropriate for social studies course since its content is based on daily life. This study was conducted in a middle-school located in a province of Turkey during the fall-semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. The study investigated the impact of allosteric learning on 5th grade learners’ academic achievement and research skills in social studies course. Moreover, the participating learners’ views on the impact of allosteric learning on their academic achievement and research skills were also explored. The mixed embedded design was employed in the study. The participants consisted of 48 students, 23 in the experimental and 25 in the control group. To collect data, Science, Technology and Society Achievement Test, Research Skills Test, and interview form were employed. For analysis, t-test for independent samples, covariance analysis, and content analysis were used. It was found that the social studies course carried out within the scope of the allosteric learning approach increased students’ academic achievement and improved their research skills. In addition, students believed that allosteric learning increased their academic achievement and equipped them with research skills.
Teachers’ Self-Efficacy as a Mediator of Their Perception and Behavior regarding Creative Teaching for Elementary School Students
Authors: Sutjonong Winda Ria , Salim Rose Mini Agoes , Safitri Shahnaz
Published: September 2022

Creativity must be considered in teaching elementary school students to prepare them to be more innovative. It needs to be fostered from an early age because children at that age are in a critical period, so it will be easier to teach them to think creatively. The teachers have roles to carry out creative teaching to foster their students’ creativity. Creative teaching is influenced by the teachers’ perception of creativity, which depends on several factors, one of which is the teachers’ self-efficacy. This study aims to examine whether the teacher’s self-efficacy can mediate the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of creativity and their creative teaching behavior in class. Participants of this study were 38 elementary school teachers who were participants in the Creative Teaching Workshop. The measuring tools used in this study are the Creativity Fostering Teacher Index (CFTI) and Teaching for Creativity Scale (TFCS). The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively using correlation tests (Pearson’s correlation) and mediation tests with Macro PROCESS. The results found that teachers’ self-efficacy partially mediated teachers’ perceptions of creativity and creative teaching behavior, which means that the relationship between teachers’ perceptions and behaviors can be explained directly and indirectly through the teachers’ self–efficacy.
Rezension von: Haus der Geschichte Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.), Die vergessene Ausbeutung
Authors: Holtz Sabine , Haus der Geschichte Baden-Württemberg
Published: September 2022

Die vergessene Ausbeutung. Kolonialismus und der Südwesten, hg. vom Haus der Geschichte Baden-Württemberg in Verbindung mit der Stadt Stuttgart (Stuttgarter Symposion 2019, Schriftenreihe, 19). Ubstadt-Weiher: verlag regionalkultur 2021. 268 S. mit 37 Abb. ISBN 978-3-95505-263-8. Brosch. € 17,90
Rezension von: Seischab, Steffen (Hrsg.), Provinz und Moderne im Land um Teck und Neuffen
Authors: Bauer Frank , Seischab Steffen
Published: September 2022

Steffen Seischab (Hg.), Provinz und Moderne im Land um Teck und Neuffen. Frickenhausen: Verlag Sindlinger-Burchartz 2021. 174 S., 88 Abb. ISBN 978-3-928812-77-1. € 15,80
Rezension von: Halbekann, Joachim J. (Hrsg.), Akteur Stadtgesellschaft
Authors: Deigendesch Roland , Halbekann Joachim J.
Published: September 2022

Akteur Stadtgesellschaft: Biographien und Strukturen. Beiträge zur Geschichte Esslingens vom Mittelalter bis zur NS-Zeit (Esslinger Studien, Bd. 50), hg. von Joachim J. Halbekann. Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke 2020. 202 S. mit 23 s/w Abb. und 3 Farbtafeln. ISBN 978-3-7995-1494-1. € 20,–
Rezension von: Schrenk, Christhard, (Hrsg.), Die 1980er Jahre in Heilbronn
Authors: Kitzing Michael , Schrenk Christhard
Published: September 2022

Christhard Schrenk (Hg.), Die 1980er Jahre in Heilbronn. Erinnerungen – Erkenntnisse – Aktualität, Heilbronner Wissenspause 2019 (Kleine Schriften des Archivs der Stadt Heilbronn, Bd. 71). Heilbronn 2020. 254 S., 150 Abb. ISBN 978-3-940646-31-6. € 17,50
Rezension von: Andermann, Kurt, Guttenberg über dem Neckar
Authors: Ehmer Hermann , Andermann Kurt
Published: September 2022

Kurt Andermann, Guttenberg über dem Neckar. Die Geschichte einer Burg und ihrer Herrschaft. Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke 2021. 536 S. mit 134 teils farb. Abb., 4 Karten und 8 Stammtafeln. ISBN 978-3-7995-1548-1. Geb. € 34,–
Rezension von: Fritz, Gerhard, Murrhardt und der Dreißigjährige Krieg
Authors: Florian Christoph , Fritz Gerhard
Published: September 2022

Gerhard Fritz, Murrhardt und der Dreißigjährige Krieg 1618 – 1648. Religionskonflikt – Militär – Kriegsfolgen (Historegio 13). Remshalden: Verlag Manfred Hennecke 2021. 179 S. ISBN 978-3-948138-06-6. Paperback. € 24,–
Rezension von: Löslein, Barbara; Wanner, Peter, Sulm ain Stättl - Neckarsulm
Authors: Eberlein Miriam , Löslein Barbara , Wanner Peter
Published: September 2022

Barbara Löslein / Peter Wanner, Sulm ain Stättl, Neckarsulm. Eine illustrierte Zeitreise in 125 Etappen. Mit Beiträgen von Christina Jakob, Vera Kreutzmann und Christhard Schrenk, hg. von der Stadt Neckarsulm 2021. 278 S., zahlr. Ill. und Karten, Orts-, Personen- und Sachregister. ISBN 978-3-9808419-4-8. € 25,–
Rezension von: Mathias Kunz (Bearb.), Schlaglichter der Rottweiler Geschichte
Authors: Harter Hans , Kunz Mathias
Published: September 2022

Schlaglichter der Rottweiler Geschichte, hg. von der Stadt Rottweil, bearb. von Mathias Kunz. Ubstadt-Weiher: verlag regionalkultur 2021. 312 S., zahlr. Abb. ISBN 978-3-95505-291-1. € 22,80
Rezension von: Maisch, Andreas, Kleine Morde unter Hallern
Authors: Schiffer Peter , Maisch Andreas
Published: September 2022

Andreas Maisch, Kleine Morde unter Hallern. Unerfreuliches aus der Stadtgeschichte (Veröffentlichungen des Stadtarchivs Schwäbisch Hall, Heft 35). Schwäbisch Hall 2020. 372 S. mit ca. 100 Abb. ISBN 978-3-932146-46-6. Geb. € 25,–
Rezension von: Hawicks, Heike; Runde, Ingo (Hrsg.), Universitätsmatrikeln im deutschen Südwesten
Authors: Lang Stefan , Hawicks Heike , Runde Ingo
Published: September 2022

Heike Hawicks / Ingo Runde (Hg.), Universitätsmatrikeln im deutschen Südwesten – Bestände, Erschließung und digitale Präsentation. Beiträge zur Tagung im Universitätsarchiv Heidelberg am 16. und 17. Mai 2019. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter 2020. 434 S. ISBN 978-3-8253-4726-0. € 25,–
Rezension von: Andermann, Kurt (Bearb.), Die Urkunden des Freiherrlich von Gemmingen’schen Archivs Treschklingen aus Rappenau
Authors: Regenbogen Clemens , Andermann Kurt
Published: September 2022

Die Urkunden des Freiherrlich von Gemmingen’schen Archivs Treschklingen aus Rappenau. Regesten 1304 bis 1894, bearb. von Kurt Andermann, hg. vom Heimatverein Kraichgau e. V. (Sonderveröffentlichung Nr. 41). Ubstadt-Weiher: verlag regionalkultur 2021. 624 S. ISBN 978-3-95505-275-1. Geb. € 39,80
Rezension von: Huber, Konstantin, … ich hatte besser Leben in diesem Land
Authors: Ilisch Eva , Huber Konstantin
Published: September 2022

Konstantin Huber, … ich hatte besser Leben in diesem Land – Inventuren, Teilungen und Pflegrechnungen und ihre Bedeutung für die Auswanderungsforschung am Beispiel von Ölbronn und anderen Enzkreis-Gemeinden. Mit einem Quellenteil, bearb. von Wilfried Sprenger (Kraichgau-Mosaik Bd. 1, Der Enzkreis, Schriftenreihe des Kreisarchivs Bd. 14), hg. von Kreisarchiv des Enzkreises Edingen Neckarhausen: Edition Ralf Fetzer 2020. 112 S. ISBN 978-3-940968-26-5. € 14,90
Rezension von: Fett, Ann-Katrin, Briefe aus dem Krieg
Authors: Mährle Wolfgang , Fett Ann-Katrin
Published: September 2022

Ann-Katrin Fett, Briefe aus dem Krieg. Die Feldpost als Quelle von 1914 bis 1918. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2021. 195 S. ISBN 978-3-17-036744-9. € 28,–
Negara Hukum Pancasila Dan Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia
Authors: Uzlah Wahidah
Published: September 2022

Segala aspek dalam pelaksanaan dan penyelenggaraan negara diatur dalam suatu sistemm peraturan perundang-undangan. Dalam pengertian inilah maka negara dilaksanakan berdasarkan pada suatu konstitusi Undang- Undang Dasar Negara.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkap hukum Pancasila serta perlindungan hak asasi manusia pasa mas pandemi covid-19. Adapun metode yang digunakan menggunakan metode kajian Pustaka dengan mengedenpan sumber-sumber informan yang dari berbagai referensi yang terkait dengan undang-undang dasar negara.

Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah Aktualisasi Integritas Sistem Filsafat Pancasila Sebagai Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 adalah bahwa Setiap kebijakan yang dikeluarkan negara walaupun karena pandemi covid-19 herus tetap menjamin terpenuhinya hak asasi manusia bagi seluruh warga negara, tidak hanya menguntungkan pihak-pihak atau pun kelompok tertentu. Negara juga tidak diperkenankan mencampuri atau menghalangi segala upaya yang dilakukan masyarakat dalam rangka pemenuhan hak asasinya. Pemerintah harus memperhatikan terlaksananya keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia sebagai Aktualisasi Integritas Sistem Filsafat Pancasila Sebagai Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19.
Perlindungan Hak Anak Dari Surrogate Mother Perspektif Hukum Positif Dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Adi Rudi
Published: September 2022

Banyaknya persoalan ini dibidang agama adalah disebabkan karena di dalam berbagai agama tidak dikenal anak yang di hasilkan dari teknik bayi tabung, tetapi yang dikenal adalah anak yang dihasilkan dari hubungan badan antara pasangan suami istri. Sehingga para tokoh agama harus mencari dan menemukannya di dalam kitab suci hal hal yang ada kesamaan dengan itu. Sedangkan persoalan di bidang hukum timbul disebabkan karena peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang kedudukan hukum anak yang di lahirkan melalui proses bayi tabung belum ada, sedangkan tujuan hukum itu untuk melindungi kepentingan manusia agar di dalam msyarakat terdapat ketertiban, keadilan dan kepastian hukum. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan adalah jenis penelitian kepustakaan atau library research, yakni penelitian yang dilakukan melalui mengumpulkan data atau karya tulis Ilmiah yang ada kaitannya dengan objek penelitian. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya legalitas yang jelas baik secara konstitusi pemerintahan maupun legalitas agama, karena kita sendiiri mengetahui bahwa Indonesia sebagai penganut agama Islam terbesar di dunia yang sanggat taat dengan ajarannya hal inilah yang membuat peneliliti berjuang keras untuk menemukan hukum dari sewa rahim.
Studying on Ahmad Ar-Raisuni Thought: The Composision Of Sharia and Indonesian Political Fikh
Authors: Hamidah Tutik Hamidah , Hayati Irma Nur Hayati , Arfan Abbas Arfan
Published: September 2022

Abstract:

Today, there are many politics issues in the classical-fikh literature which are not relevant in this time. This paper discusses the importance of a reconstruction and renewal of several issues in classical political fiqh that are adapted to the plural and heterogeneous Indonesian context. Therefore, the author combines the theory of Maqasid al-Syariah and the thought of Ahmad Ar-Raisuni which specifically raises political issues as the main of analytical sources. This article analyzed deeply with the qualitative method. The results of this rstudy are able to give birth to a new construction of Indonesian political fiqh which is formulated in four crucial issues, namely democracy, state format, criteria for leaders in Indonesia, and the application of Islamic sharia.

Key Words: Ahmad-Raisuni, Sharia, Political Fikh
Modernisazion of Reflection on Ar-Raisuni Thought In The Islamic Family Law Of Indonesia
Authors: Hamidah Tutik Hamidah , Arfan Abbas Arfan , Hayati Irma Nur Hayati
Published: September 2022

Abstract:

The development of today's era requires Muslims to be able to filter the information circulating in the community to be able to examine its truth based on the sources of the Qur'an and hadith. Meanwhile, the paradigm related to Islamic law in Indonesia must have clear shari'ah and creed boundaries. So that it does not cause controversy for Muslims. This paper discusses the perspective of Ar-Raisuni's reflection in Islamic family law in Indonesia. The type of research used is Library Research, by providing data analysis from various sources, both from scientific journals, online news or books. The problems faced are problems in the context of Islamic family law in Indonesia which are studied from the perspective of Ar-Raisuni. The conclusion of this paper provides an understanding that, Islamic law has a function as "Rahmatan Lil Alamin." Thus, Islamic law is very universal, elastic and dynamic. It is proven by making al-mashlahah as one of the legal arguments, because al-mashlahah can accommodate all the benefits of a society, both individually and in groups.

Key Words: Reflection, Maslahah, Ar-Raisuni, Islamic Family Law
The Transition of Guided Democracy in Pakistan. A Study of Military Regimes
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Akmal , Akhtar Salyana Prof. Dr. Javed
Published: September 2022

Since its creation, Pakistan remains politically an unstable state. The emerging influence of the military as well as the bureaucracy has weakened the political institutions. On the other hand, the political parties, as well as the politicians, were the major ones responsible for the disruption in politics. The earlier demise of leadership (like Jinnah and Liaquat Ali) put Pakistan on the verge of chaos and anarchy. Due to the political unrest, the military finds a suitable place to intervene and fill that gap that was created by the political forces. Whenever the military enters the power corridor, they set some of their goals and agendas. To achieve these goals and agendas, legal assistance is required from the main pillar of the state, probably the judiciary. PCO and LFO are the various kinds of legislation that provide the military with a legal way to achieve these goals. After achieving these goals, the military seeks assistance from the political forces to enter the political arena and to prolong their rule politically. The military revives the political system but that political system is purely managed by the military forces as per the liking of the military ruler and that system is known as guided democracy.
Impact of Motivation on Employee Performance working in Private Banks in Hyderabad City
Authors: Khuwaja Bakhtawar , Shah Dr. Abdul Sattar , Shaikh Dr. Samiuddin
Published: September 2022

A quantitative research is conducted to determine how motivation affects employee performance and how to it can be practiced, as well as the relationship between motivation and promotion and reward programs in Pakistani private banks. Questionnaires were administered to three levels of staff including high-level, middle-level and frontline managers. A total of 280 closed questionnaires were published among participants to examine motivation and employee performance, and Smart PLS SEM was used to examine the relationship between influences and variables. The results of structural equation modeling show that there is a positive and significant relationship between motivation and employee performance. The results of the current study suggest that Pakistan’s private banking industry should pay attention to rewards and promotions. Employees perform better, but receive less rewards. Prizes and rewards are not based on the number of tasks or workloads. In addition, current research and analysis have increased the importance of motivation and other human resource practices for employee performance in Pakistan’s private banking sector.
Exploring The Impacts and Aftershocks of Covid-19 on Islamic Banking and Conventional Banking in Pakistan
Authors: Khoso Dr. Aijaz Ali Khoso , Pathan Dr. Muhammad Shoaib Khan , Ahmed Dr. Muneer
Published: September 2022

This paper examines main points of contention connected with the lead of money related strategy in nations with Islamic banks. It portrays the large-scale monetary foundation and money related arrangement systems in which Islamic banks ordinarily work and talks about the component of financial transmission in economies where Islamic and ordinary banks exist together. Most economies with Islamic banks likewise have regular banks, and this requires a complete way to deal with financial strategy. Simultaneously, a double money related strategy approach ought to be thought of in the event that the Islamic section of the monetary framework isn't generally so evolved as the traditional one. The record looks to reveal insight into possible overflows among customary and Islamic monetary frameworks and gives explicit suggestions on the best way to shape Islamic money related approach tasks and work with the exchange of assets through the Islamic monetary framework.
Why “Post-colonialism” for Colonized and “Renaissance” for Colonizers? A Comparative Analysis of Deconstruction and Postcolonialism
Authors: Ahsan Dr. Muhammad , Muzaffar Mehvish , Naveed Awais
Published: September 2022

The research aims to analyze postcolonial texts from the perspective of deconstruction. It is a theory that aims to seek the differences and hidden motives of any text. Jacques Derrida has given the idea of “Deconstruction” to uncover the hidden realities of the texts. The theory of “Deconstruction” is applied in the context of postcolonialism to explain the fact of subservience even after decolonization. The study applies the qualitative method with Belsey approach of “Thematic Content Analysis”. The study is significant because it negates the hegemony of colonizers after decolonization and it describes the hidden tactics of the term: postcolonialism.
Zia ul Haq Vis –a Vis Pervez Musharraf: A comparative Overview of Politics in Pakistan
Authors: Faiz Dr. Muhammad Aslam , Hussain Kiran , Iqbal Abid
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Along with the advent of martial law the previous governmental structure enjoys new revolutions under the new thinking governing body. Previous system was framed under the circumstances when Pakistan was passing through the international framed conspiracies’ but after the General Muhammad Zial ul haq’s advent the world was entering into geopolitical great game. International foreign policies and relations were changing. Near it Afghan-USSR war (1979-88) started and was enlarged for 9 years. Same as soon after the arrival of General Pervez Musharraf world had to face 9/11 game which was affected the world largely and caused great changing’s in foreign policies Pakistan as well as worldwide. Pakistan is the country which enjoyed these revolutions directly and pay so much cast in the terms instability in Pakistan. What were circumstances those affected the Pakistan democratically under the civil-military regimes, is try to highlight in this research article.
Impacts of Brand Equity on Consumer Purchase Decision of Garment Products in Sukkur Division, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Phulpoto Mr. Abdul Fatah , Shar Prof. Dr. Amir Hussain , Siddique Mr. Umair
Published: September 2022

The principal objective of this learning was to inspect the effect of variety dependability and brand relationship arranged buyers' buy plan. It additionally plans to investigate the connection amid product mindfulness and saw eminence comparable to the aim to acquisition from buyers. The outcomes showed that both brand devotion and brand affiliation are altogether connected with purchaser purpose to purchase, while brand mindfulness and saw quality are not considerably connected to the aim to purchase from buyers. A non-irregular inspecting procedure was utilized to gather information from 100 respondents through restricted surveys from various business sectors in Sukkur division, Pakistan.
To analyze Transformational Leadership and OCB an effect on Organizational Commitment: Higher Education Teaching Faculty of Pakistan
Authors: Tunio Shahnawaz , Unar Narjis , Jabeen Rukshanda
Published: September 2022

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is denoted to additional efforts or out of context role played by employee(s) which is beyond one’s formal job description prescribed by the organization. OCB is not actually a written agreement or it may not be required from an ordinary worker, but this behavior has great importance and likely desired in the organizational settings. Leader toils to his level best to mold follower's (employee) attitude towards organizational targets. Leadership remained a vital topic under various theorists but the Transformational Leadership was the most prominent. As higher education institutes are a hub of high level education providing places of any country, subsequently the educational standard and quality of deliverance have much more importance for them. The behavioral difference amongst university teachers’ worth require professional growth so teacher ship cannot be isolated from the development. Quality enhancement is essential for the individuals who are related with teaching and learning environment. Here, to explore the effects of OCB on the OC explicitly in connection to higher education teaching faculty of Pakistan. It portrays the significance of OCB in the enhancement of efficiency of firm and furthermore to determine the influencing and generating factors of OC. This study comprehends the correlation of transformational leadership, T & D chances, work and life plans & empowerment activities with organizational commitment and to evaluate significance of OCB of teachers in the triumph of their respective institutions in Pakistan.
Factors Affecting on Drop-Out of Students at F.Sc Level: A Case Study
Authors: Sughra Ghulam , Iqbal Muhammad , Amin Sufi
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the drop-out ratio at college level including analysis of socio-economic and institutional factors. The population of the study was all the students and teachers of Islamabad Model Colleges for boys at F.Sc level. The methodology for the study was quantitative in nature. Besides, self-structured questionnaire was used as data collection instruments. Questionnaire was constructed according to five point Likert Scale. The validity and reliability of the instrument was ensured. Further, the reliability of the instrument was checked through Cronbach Alpha. The researcher personally visit all the selected institutes and collect the data. Moreover, Frequency, percentage, mean score and standard deviation was used a statistical tools including SPSS was used as data analysis software. The data after analysis was presented in the form of tables and figures. Major recommendations of the study were: Government must ensure the presence of teachers at schools in school hours. For this purpose involvement of parents and community members is vital. Better conduct of teachers can bring revolution in the field of education. Teacher-student relationship plays a dynamic role in the learning processes of children. It is one of the most essential areas through which teachers can not only attract students to schools but also make the teaching-learning a fun experience for the children. And for the enhancement of professional career and to coup the new challenges need base refresher courses, workshops and seminars should be organized for head teachers and teachers
The effect of earnings management on stock price crash risk: a comparative study of developing and developed Asian economies
Authors: Haider Muhammad Jawad , Awan Tahira , Khan Wajid
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of earnings management on the stock price crash risk in Asian economies by using the yearly dataset of 432 non-financial firms from 6 countries (i.e. Pakistan, India, China, Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore) for the period from 2009 to 2020. The dependent variable i.e., stock price crash risk is measured by its two renowned proxies such as negative conditional skewness and down-up volatility. The data for earnings management, stock price crash risk, and all control variables are compiled from Thomson Reuters DataStream. To overcome autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity problems, the authors use generalized least square panel regression. The results indicate that earnings management significantly and positively influences the stock price crash risk. Overall, the findings of this study have several implications for investors, firm managers, regulators, and policymakers in understanding the key factors that determine the stock price crash risk specifically when it comes to non-financial firms in Asian economies.
Psychological Analysis of Females’ Attitude toward Entrepreneurship as a Career in Azad Kashmir
Authors: Fatima Syeda Zulul Ane , Mushtaq Dr. Muhammad , Saba Ms. Misbah
Published: September 2022

This study intends to make. “Psychological Analysis of Females Attitude towards Entrepreneurship as a Career in Azad Kashmir” The objectives of this research was to investigate relation between family type and women entrepreneurship, to determine entrepreneurships’ barrier faced by female graduates and rank them. Population of current study consisted of females’ graduate students of three universities of Azad Jammu & Kashmir. The self developed validated questionnaire was used to collect data. The reliability value as (α =.726). Data was analyzed by applying regression, chi square. This study found that there is a significant positive relationship between the selected factors with entrepreneurial career aspirations. Attitude toward entrepreneurship was reported to have the strongest association with entrepreneurial career aspirations. In short, the findings of this study provided greater understanding in predicting students’ entrepreneurial behavior. There is a need for a well-established entrepreneurial ecosystem which will encourage and empower females to create their own businesses.
ԱՐՅԱՆ ՀԵՏՔԵՐՈՒՄ ԷԿԼԻՊՍԱՅԻՆ ԱՆՏԻԳԵՆՆԵՐԻ ՀԱՅՏՆԱԲԵՐՄԱՆ ՄԵԹՈԴՆԵՐԻ ԿԻՐԱՌՄԱՄԲ ՍՏԱՑՎԱԾ ԱՐԴՅՈՒՆՔՆԵՐԻ ԳՆԱՀԱՏՄԱՆ ՄՈՏԵՑՈՒՄՆԵՐԸ ԴԱՏԱԿԵՆՍԱԲԱՆԱԿԱՆ ՓՈՐՁԱԳԻՏԱԿԱՆ ՀԵՏԱԶՈՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԲՆԱԳԱՎԱՌՈՒՄ
Authors: Avagyan L.A. , Ter-Gevorgyan A.G.
Published: September 2022

Փորձաքննության ընթացքում փորձագետները հաճախ են բախվում դեպքի վայրի զննությամբ հայտնաբերված հետազոտելի նմուշների վերցման, դրանցից կատարված կենսաբանական ծագման հետքերի նմուշառումների հետագա փաթեթավորման և մինչև փորձագիտական լաբորատորիա ներկայացնելը դրանց անհրաժեշտ պայմանների պահպանման տարաբնույթ խախտումների, որոնք հանգեցնում են իրեղեն ապացույցների նեխմանը, բորբոսմանը և այլն: Հոդվածում ներկայացված են էկլիպսային անտիգենների հայտնաբերման, տարբերակման և լաբորատոր արդյունքների արժանահավատության գնահատման, ինչպես նաև հետագայում դատակենսաբանական հետքերի փորձագիտական աշխատանքներում այդ արդյունքների ներդրման և հետագա կիրառման վերաբերյալ: Աշխատանքում նպատակ է դրվել փորձարարությամբ հիմնավորել արյան նմուշներում ի հայտ եկող սխալների մասին, ինչը պայմանավորված է արտաքին գործոնների ազդեցությամբ առաջացող էկլիպսային անտիգեններով:
Բանալի բառեր. էկլիպսային անտիգեններ, կրող առարկա, հեմոգլոբին, միկրօրգանիզմներ, ABO(H) իզոշճաբանական համակարգ, էլյուցիա:
Variability of perfusion index as a new parameter in different types of Anaesthesia techniques
Authors: Dey Jaimini , Rajasab Farha Deeba , Ramchandran Haripriya , Kulkarni Prasad , Cherian Sherley S.
Published: September 2022

Aims and objectives:  To monitor perfusion index in each patient in immediate pre-operative period; To assess co-relation of perfusion index with other hemodynamic parameters observed simultaneously; and To observe variation in perfusion index with different anesthesia techniques- general anesthesia, neuraxial blockade and peripheral nerve blocks. Methodology: 50 cases each under ASA class I, II or III posted for elective surgeries under brachial plexus nerve blocks, neuraxial and general anesthesia were included. The perfusion index, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was monitored in the immediate pre-operative period and after induction of anesthesia at 5, 10 and 15 mins. Results: In our study, it was noted perfusion index increased significantly from the baseline (p<0.001) in all the three anesthesia techniques. Systolic, diastolic pressure and heart rate showed significant decrease at 5, 10 and 15mins post anesthesia but in patients under general anesthesia category, decrease in heart rate was significant at 15 mins (p<0.001). Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that perfusion index could be a simpler tool to assess the onset of anesthesia and help predicting the change in hemodynamic parameters that occurs with it.
Astaxanthin affects oxidative stress biomarkers in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity
Authors: Hamdan Sarah Saad , Kamal Yassir Mustafa , Waheed Huda Jaber
Published: September 2022

Methotrexate is a chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive drug used in the treatment of cancer, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and several other disorders. Its use predisposes to hepatotoxicity which is a serious side effect. The current study aimed to assess the oxidative-stress-causing potential of methotrexate to liver cells and evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the potent antioxidant astaxanthin, by affecting the oxidative stress biomarkers GSH (glutathione), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase) and MDA (malondialdehyde). A model of methotrexate-induced liver toxicity was employed on male rats. Thirty-six rats were divided into six groups; a negative control group, methotrexate induction group given (20 mg/kg) I.P. on day 13, three groups pretreated with oral astaxanthin in ascending doses (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg) for 14 days before methotrexate, and a conventional therapy group pretreated with silymarin (200mg/kg). The use of methotrexate significantly decreased liver tissue GSH, SOD and CAT while significantly increasing MDA, compared to the negative control. On the other side, astaxanthin used in all three doses significantly normalized these biomarkers. This study revealed that since astaxanthin significantly increased GSH, SOD and CAT while decreasing MDA that minimizes oxidative stress, it could be used as pretreatment in patients treated with methotrexate to decrease its hepatotoxicity.
Role of FSHR gene (rs6165) polymorphism in ovarian stimulation by exogenous FSH of Iraqi infertile women
Authors: Hussein Abeer , Abdulwahab Hameedah H. , Oda Mazin H.
Published: September 2022

Background: Exogenous FSH has been dispensed to induce follicular growth both when monofollicular  development was required  and when multifollicular growth was desired to generate multiple  mature oocytes. Methods: 210 infertile women and 50 healthy women aged less than 34 years were recruited in present study, the infertile women were separated to three groups based on treatment response (poor ,moderate and high ) responder groups. Results: The outcomes indicated that poor responder group displayed higher levels of FSH and LH also lower levels of AMH,E2,AFC. Conclusion: Polymorphism of FSHR gene(rs6165) was linked to poor response to FSH treatment of Iraqi infertile women.
Impact of electronic management on government administration through digital leadership as a mediating variable: An applied study on the ministry of labor
Authors: Alziyadat Zaid Issa Albdallah , Obidat Ahmad
Published: September 2022

In the modern era governments compete to provide services to citizens based on the digital environment in order to provide services to the largest possible number of citizens, in the fastest time and the highest quality in order to achieve the public interest of the government and society. The study aimed to identify the impact of the electronic management on the government administration through digital leadership as a mediating variable, an applied study on the Ministry of Labor in the Central Region of Jordan. I followed the descriptive approach and the analytical approach, depending on a questionnaire distributed to the offices of the Ministry of Labor in the in the Central Region of Jordan. A sample of (97) individuals was selected, and the sample consisted of (manager or assistant manager, department head, supervisor or inspector, administrative officer) in the offices of the Ministry of Labor. The study relied on statistical methods such as the descriptive statistics represented by (percentages and frequencies, arithmetic averages and standard deviations) and analytical statistics represented by (multiple regression test), and the hypotheses of the study.
The effect of rituximab on systemic sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Madhloom Osama Saad , Al hamadani Ali mohammed
Published: September 2022

Background: Skin fibrosis is a complication of the multifaceted and difficult condition known as systemic sclerosis (SSc). The interstitial lungs disease (ILD), which is a common consequence, has a worse prognosis. Although debates concerning its effectiveness and toxicity, cyclophosphamide is regarded as the gold standard for treating this condition. Furthermore, research employing the medication rituximab (RTX) has indicated that this treatment option could be beneficial. Objectives: The goal of this research was to evaluate the available scientific data on the impact of RTX on SSc. Methods: Clinical trials (CTs) investigating the application of RTX in SSc, published up to 2022, and were included in a systematic review (SR). Using methodical searching in academic databases employing a predetermined research methodology, the articles were located. SCIENCE DIRECT, SCOPUS, SCIELO, LILACS, PUBMED, , COCHRANE, WHOLIS, EMBASE, PAHO, and WEB OF SCIENCE were among the resources examined. A manually searching was done as well. Through using Jadad score, the Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2.0), and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Trials - of Treatments tools, the technical quality of the articles was assessed (ROBINS-I). Utilizing Review Manager, a meta-analysis of the randomized CTs had been carried out.
Nurses' attitude and barrier toward of performing physical assessment in medical and surgical wards
Authors: Al-Shelaly Safaa E.
Published: September 2022

Background: Physical Assessment is essential in identifying the actual and potential patient problems and evaluating patient response to care. previous studies on the use of physical assessment in a clinical setting found that there are skills sometimes used, and some rarely or never used in the practice which reveals evidence of practice gap. Improper patient assessment rose the concern about the actual nursing practice which fail to recognize patient deterioration. Method: A quantitative descriptive correlation cross-sectional design of 253 nurses recruited from five hospitals in Al Madinah Al Munawarah in Saudi Arabia is used to study the relationship between the nurses' attitudes and the barriers to perform physical assessment and understand the influence of the participants' demographic data on the physical assessment practices. Finding: There was an agreement that physical assessment is an integral part of nursing care and around half of them showed a positive attitude toward performing the physical assessment. There was a positive significant association between attitude and perceived barriers of self-confidence, time limitation during the shift, and reliance on others and technology.
Family functioning and self-efficacy in population groups of arequipa according to sociodemographic variables
Authors: Sulla-Sulla Margarita Lurdes , Cruz-Ccama Aría Alejandra , Laquise-Astulle Julissa Judith , Alemán-Vilca Yaneth
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The systemic perspective explains family functioning through family relationships considering the influence of family cohesion, flexibility and communication, likewise, the concept of self-efficacy is used to understand the beliefs, perceptions and expectations presented by human beings, identifying their capabilities to achieve their goals at a given time. Objective: Family functioning and self-efficacy were related in population groups of Arequipa according to sociodemographic variables. Methods: The study was a correlational, quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used. A total of 893 people residing in the city of Arequipa participated, including the population groups (adolescents; young people; adults; and older adults). Two measurement scales were used for family functioning and self-efficacy. Results: The correlation was rw = 0.31 (p < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.25 - 0.37), there is a correlation of moderate magnitude and positive direction between the study variables. The averages of the family functioning variable indicated good family functioning (M=64.78). Concerning self-efficacy, the averages indicate (M=30.64), which in the population groups were of moderate level with a tendency to increase. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant relationship between the variables family functioning and self-efficacy (the higher the family functioning the higher the self-efficacy).
Academic burnout syndrome in university students during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Bellido-Medina Rildo Santos , Evangelista-Aliaga José Luis , Gamarra-Castellanos María Elena , García-Apaza Jessica Yesenia , Gonzales-Manrique Enrique Jarly , Calizaya-López José
Published: September 2022

The academic school period in the context of the pandemic is an antecedent for the development and fixation of academic burnout. The aim was to analyze the academic burnout syndrome in university students during the pandemic by comparing its social variables. Comparative descriptive study, with quantitative approach, non-experimental - cross-sectional design. A total of 755 intentionally selected students participated and were administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey. It was found that the level of burnout syndrome in university students is moderate and, in the dimensions emotional exhaustion and depersonalization it is also at a medium level, unlike the personal fulfillment dimension, where the level is low. In addition, women and men present symptoms and signs, as well as, students who work and study, from the engineering area and from the first cycles (under 19 years of age). It is concluded that the study is original and clearly demonstrates the differences in the behavior of burnout syndrome among students according to their social variables.
PD-1 receptor blocker
Authors: Shamshad Muhammad Faraz , Khan Sehrish , Mitra Disha , Gupta Samiksha , Ali Shaikh Rajesh , Siddiqui Nadeem , Mukherjee Supriyo
Published: September 2022

PD-1 or the programmed cell death protein 1 plays a major role in eliciting the immune checkpoint response of T cells. They are the inhibitory receptors induced in activated T cells. The application of these receptors earns a great interest to investigate, in-depth, their mechanism of action and therapeutic success. The US FDA has successfully approved three categories of immune checkpoint inhibitors. These are PD-1 inhibitors (Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, and Cemiplimab), PDL-1 inhibitors (Atezolimumab, Durvalumab and, Avelumab), and CTLA-4 inhibitor (Ipilimumab).  But still there lie several limitations in using this mode of treatment. Unlikely, not all patients respond well to these drugs. Apart from these, anti PD-1 monoclonal antibody showed its miraculous activity in treating cancer. It showed a hundred percent cure in patients with colorectal cancer without any kind of major side effects following the treatment procedure. Anti PD-1 monoclonal antibody (Dostarlimab) has shown promising results in endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, melanoma, head and neck cancer, and breast cancer therapy. The current review focuses on the literature regarding the mechanism of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors, their role in cancer treatment.
effectiveness of nano-cobalt oxide with manufactured plant extract and its properties on inhibiting the growth of some types of bacteria and fungi isolated from skin infections
Authors: Sultan Asmaa Ahmed Hatem
Published: September 2022

The prepared cobalt oxide nanoparticles were manufactured in the first and second methods, and they show the properties of the nanomaterials for all solutions of plant extracts. XRD examination showed (440) 65, (622) 79, while Sem's examination showed the appearance with a size of 10-25 nm. Tem examination gave that nanoparticles with a size not exceeding 0.5-60 nm. The UV absorbance and permeability test indicated that the nanomaterial is at a value between 236-800nm, and energy gap values of 2.0-3.8 ev. Ft-ir assay shows that the bonding sites for cobalt oxide are at (±50) (505 to 694), and the Zeta Potential test indicated that all the particles of the solutions have very small values and that the material is not agglomerating. The Aleo vera plant extract with cobalt oxide nanomaterial, where the diameters of the inhibition zones were (35, 35, 45) mm, respectively, for the growth of both Ps.aeruginosa, S. aureus and E.coli bacteria. The results of the effect of cobalt oxide solutions on the inhibition of the growth of fungi were great, and that the nanomaterial was also sweeping, showing the absence of fungal growth Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Role of RASSF1-A gene in early detection of colorectal carcinogenesis
Authors: Hussein Thaer Ali , Hameed Ahmad Shandookh , Amer Mohamed Hussein
Published: September 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant neoplasm originating from the un-controlled cell proliferations in epithelial cells lining of rectum, colon, or appendix. RASSFs wereconcerned in tumourigenesis and numerous members of family are presently supposed to be tumour suppressor, Aim and objectives: Estimate- function of RASSF1-A methylated gene in theCRC pathogenesis, detect RASSF1-A methylated gene cutoff value for diagnosis and using RASSF1-A gene as abio-marker to detect recurrence after surgery, Subjects and methods: This is a prospective observational case-control researchperformed on 50 cases diagnosed as CRC by endoscopy and histopathology and 50 control persons at Aswan university hospital and internal medicine department., Results: there is high significant relation between RASSF 1A and development of colorectal-cancer, Conclusion: Genetical mutations in the Kras genes and epigenetic modifications in RASSF1-A, FHIT and MGMT genes in sporadic CRC are accompanying with the generalprogress of the disorder and can be utilized as diagnostical or prognostically biomarkers in this collection of tumours.
Chemical castration with silver nitrate and potassium permanganate of local male bucks
Authors: Shukur Dler Muwafaq , Ali Qayes Taref
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of castration using two different drugs The study was carried out 12 local Iraqi male goats adult of 13-15 month Intratesticular injection of chemical was done for inducing castration in the male goat. The animals were divided into three groups consisting of 4 animals in each group, in which in Treatment G1 the goat were castrated chemically using 1% AgNO3 and for the other group Treatment G2 were castrated using 0.25 g  KMnO4 dissolving in 50 ml. Statistical analysis revealed that there was significant difference (P>0.01) difference between the two groups G2 and G2 respectivelly  in testicular measurement, the testosterone concentration and  histopathologically revealed sever depletion of germ cell   in  seminiferous tubules and  empty from any sperm. Numerical observation for both of the findings reveals that there was a different between the two treatment groups. From the present finding it may be concluded that castration using KMnO4 may be the best option for castration of the goat. The present study achieved in the farm beside vet hospital in Aldewaneyia city during the period extended from November 2021 to January 2022.
Traumatic memory of Martyrs' Sons
Authors: Salih Zinah Ali , Rashad Lena Adnan Khalaf
Published: September 2022

The study aims to know the measurement of the traumatic memory of the sons of martyrs and to know the differences in the traumatic memory of the sons of martyrs according to the gender variable. The popular crowd and the sons of the victims of terrorism, numbering 197 males and 203 females, and the sample was chosen randomly. The results of the research concluded that the sons of the martyrs have traumatic memory, and there are no differences between males and females in traumatic memory. And to complement the research, several recommendations and proposals were developed.