bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nyeri Sendi pada Lansia dan Cara Mengatasinya
Authors: Rasyid Djusmadi , Rante Anshar
Published: May 2023

Nyeri sendi dikarenakan ketika beraktivitas, penggunaan sendi secara monoton dalam waktu yang lama, dan akibat salah dalam melakukan pergerakan. Nyeri sendi lazim didapatkan pada lansia. Pupulasi lansia berdasarkan BPS 2018, sebanyak 9,27% (24,49 juta orang)  dan  tahun 2019, sebanyak 9,6% (25 juta orang). Sementara  prevalensi penyakit sendi usia lansia (≥60 Tahun) sebanyak 37,5 % (Riskesdes ,2018).  Ekstremitas bawah, khususnya persendian lutut merupakan bagian tubuh yang sering mengalami nyeri. Keadaan ini dikarenakan lutut atau persendian lutut dalam melakukan fungsinya, sekitar 50-60% menopang berat tubuh/badan, sehingga rentan mengalami nyeri. Bentuk kegiatan pengabdian yaitu ceramah dan diskusi langsung, demontrasi dan praktek latihan gerak sendi. Implikasi kegiatan pengabdian dimana lansia dalam mengatasi resiko dan atau nyeri pada lutut dapat mengamalkan upaya-upaya prefentive dan curative.
Sosialisasi Dampak Konsumsi Susu Formula Terhadap Karies Gigi
Authors: Malaha Naomi , Serli Serli , Pannyiwi Rahmat , Rosida Rosida , Rahmat Rezqiqah Aulia , K Hairuddin
Published: May 2023

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang harus segera ditangani sebelum terlambat secara komprehensif. Karena selain sebagai fungsi fisik dan sosial, gigi juga memiliki peran yang cukup besar dalam mempersiapkan makanan sebelum diabsorbsi pada saluran cerna. Susu formula adalah susu yang diproduksi oleh industri untuk keperluan asupan gizi pada sistem tubuh anak yang mengandung karbohidrat seperti sukrosa dan laktosa yang dapat mengakibatkan karies gigi pada anak usia prasekolah. Karies gigi merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan gigi yang mengalami pengapuran sehingga gigi mrnjadi keropos, berlubang bahkan patah. Tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan sosialisasi adalah pentingnya menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebagai bentuk kepedulian terkait kesehatan pada gigi dan mulut. Metode sosialisasi merupakan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan pemateri TIM PKM. Hasil dari sosialiasi pada program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilaksanakan yaitu meningkatnya pengetahuan dan kesadaran siswa tentang pentingnya menjaga kesehatan pada gigi dan mulut mereka yang berpengaruh terhadap karies gigi anak usia prasekolah. Kesimpulan ini adalah faktor utama terjadinya karies pada anak usia prasekolah adalah dengan mengonsumsi makanan dan minuman kariogenik.
Perspectives of students and parents about mainstreaming education for children with special needs in Bangladesh
Authors:   Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Mallick Utpal , Sameeo Sheesh Kazi ,   Institute of Educational Development, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh & Doctoral Student, University of Sussex, UK
Published: May 2023

This paper deals with the issue of mainstreaming children with special needs (CSN) into regular classrooms and discusses the problems from the viewpoint of the students and their parents‟ experiences. Following a qualitative method, this paper investigates the phenomenon of mainstream education for CSN. The context of this study was two regular primary schools in Dhaka, Bangladesh and participants were selected purposively from these schools. Semi-structured and open-ended questions were used for the interviews. The results of the study showed that there is a lack of awareness among mainstream teachers, general students and their parents about CSN. The parents reported that teachers lack the skills and experience for teaching CSN together with the regular students in the same class. They also stated that there is limited teacher training and that the resources in the schools are inadequate to meet the needs of their children. Inaccessible infrastructures and facilities in schools were mentioned as other important barriers for the education of CSN in mainstream schools. Students and parents, however, seemed to support the idea of mainstreaming.
Where Do I Send My Child with Disability? How Australian Parents Negotiate Their Kindergarten Placement Dilemmas
Authors:   Monash University, Australia, S Agbenyega Joseph , Tamakloe Deborah ,   Washington State University, USA
Published: May 2023

Choosing a kindergarten for young children is a highly demanding process. For parents who have children with disabilities this process can be particularly challenging, given the choice between special and inclusive kindergartens. While there has been wide-ranging research on parental concerns of kindergarten practices involving children with disability, there is little attention paid to how parents who have children with disabilities negotiate kindergarten choice dilemmas. This qualitative case study focuses on four Australian parents who have children with disabilities and reports on their perspectives regarding how they negotiated choices in placing their child with disability in either a special or an inclusive kindergarten. Using the notion of „contact zone‟ as an interpretive framework, this article illustrates that kindergarten choice is difficult, involving complex considerations. For parents who have children with disability, choosing a school is hard work, in many ways a struggle to negotiate conflicting dilemmas in an attempt to find a school that can better shape the life courses for their children.
Differential Expression and Localisation of Acetyl-Glucosamine, Acetyl-Galactosamine, Galactose, Mannose and Glucose Specific Lectins in Lingual Tonsil of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Kumar Pawan
Published: May 2023

The present study is the most comprehensive representation of lectin binding sites in various structural components of the lingual tonsil of six adult healthy buffaloes. The study was useful in determining the specific binding affinities of sixteen lectins of the N-acetylglucosamine group, i.e., Triticum vulgaris (WGA), succinylated Triticum vulgaris (s-WGA), Lycopersicon esculentum (LEL), Datura stramonium (DSL), Solanum tuberosum (STL); N-acetylgalactosamine group, i.e., Glycine max (SBA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Ricinus communis (RCA), Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVL); galactose group i. e Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 (GS1B4), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Artocarpus integrifolia (Jacalin), Erythrina crisa-galli (ECL); and glucose/mannose group i.e. Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA), Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA) at structures of the lingual tonsil. The stratum spinosum of stratified squamous epithelium and modified reticular epithelium was strongly demarcated by lectins of the N-acetylglucosamine group. In addition, VVL, jacalin, and Con A lectins also showed strong responses for the same layer. The RCA, PNA, Con A, and PSA were the best markers for the collagen fibers of the subepithelial connective tissue. The lymphoid cells of the inter- and parafollicular region possessed receptors for ECL, WGA, and Con A. In contrast, the germinal center B cells were labeled only by the lectins of the glucose/mannose group. The mucosal secretions and the endothelium of the blood vessels were predominantly composed of glucosamine, sialic acid, and galactosamine sugars. The characteristic localization of lectins suggests the presence of specific receptor sites that may be useful for studying early disease pathogenesis and developing oral vaccines. In addition, the study will provide a database for comparing histochemical changes in different disease states.
Evaluation of Three Deworming Methods and their Long-Term Effect on the Weight of Buffaloes Raised in Silvopastoral Systems
Authors: Chacón-Condori Efraín , Díaz Wimar , Sonabi Carlos , Hinojosa Jorge , De la Cruz-Cruz Luis Alberto , Berdugo-Gutiérrez Jesús Alfredo
Published: May 2023

Purpose of the Study: The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of three deworming methods on body weight gains in buffaloes raised in silvopastoral systems (SPS).

Methods: Thirty buffaloes were divided into three groups (ten per group) as follows: 1) Albendazole 10 g + 1.3 g of cobalt sulfate at one week of age and 14 days later; 2) Albendazole 10 g + 1.3 g of cobalt sulfate at one week of age and 14 days later, then at 6 months and 14 days later; 3) Ivermectin 1 g at 30 days of age and then at six months of age. Birth, weaning (9 months), and final (18 months) weight were registered, and daily weight gains were calculated. The McMaster technique was used to evaluate the presence of parasites.

Results: The overall prevalence of parasites in the animals evaluated was 93.33%. The most common parasites were: Strongylus sp., Neoascaris sp., Moniezia sp., and Eimeria sp. Before the application of the dewormers, initial values in G1, G2, and G3 were 360, 350, and 210 hpg/opg; after the application of the treatments, 60, 25, and 20 hpg/opg were obtained, respectively. Buffaloes in G2 showed significantly (P=0.046) high final weights (415.10±23.76 kg) compared to G1 (354.80±46.71 kg) but showed no difference with G3 (374.80±43.60k).

Conclusion: It is concluded that albendazole at 10 g and a repeat at six months of age can be used in buffalo breeding in SPS, which could help to implement regenerative livestock programs, decreasing the use of Ivermectin.
Iatrogenic mixed pial and dural arteriovenous fistula after pterional approach for surgical clipping of aneurysm: A case report
Authors: Woo Seung-Bin , Ko Young San , Lee Chang-Young
Published: May 2023

Craniotomy is known as a cause of iatrogenic dural cerebral arteriovenous fistula (AVF). However, mixed pial and dural AVFs after craniotomy are extremely rare and require accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment due to their aggressiveness. We present a case of an iatrogenic mixed pial and dural AVF diagnosed 2 years after pterional craniotomy for surgical clipping of a ruptured anterior choroidal aneurysm. The lesion was successfully treated using single endovascular procedure of transvenous coil embolization through the engorged vein of Labbe and the superficial middle cerebral vein. The possibility of the AVF formation after the pterional approach should always be kept in mind because it usually occurs at the middle cranial fossa, which frequently has an aggressive nature owing to direct cortical venous or leptomeningeal drainage patterns. This complication is believed to be caused by angiogenetic conditions due to coagulation, retraction, and microinjuries of the perisylvian vessels, and can be prevented by performing careful sylvian dissection according to patient-specific perisylvian venous anatomy.
Geochemistry indices and biotests as useful tools in the assessment of the degree of sediment contamination by metals
Authors: Koniarz Tomasz , Tarnawski Marek , Baran Agnieszka
Published: May 2023

Ecological and geochemical indicators have been widely accepted as tools with the potential for rapid risk assessment of metal contamination of bottom sediments. In this study, we propose a selection of such indicators to characterize the potential ecological risks stemming from metal contamination of the bottom sediments of the Chechło reservoir (S Poland). The Chechło reservoir is located in an area formerly occupied by zinc and lead ore mining and processing industry. High amounts of metals, especially zinc (39.37–4772.00 mg/kg d.m.), cadmium (0.37–21.13 mg/kg d.m.) and lead (4.50–434.49 mg/kg d.m.) have been found in the bottom sediments. Both geochemical (CD – contamination degree) and ecological indices (mean PECQ) were indicative of bottom sediment contamination and their potential toxicity to living organisms. Most of the bottom sediment samples (71%) examined were toxic for Heterocypris incongruens, while only 9% of the samples were toxic to Sinapis alba. However, no significant correlations between the metal content and the response of the test organisms were observed. Correlation and principal component analyses (PCA) showed that silt and clay fractions were the key factors influencing the metal content in the sediments. Our study makes a contribution to building evidence of the need to integrate several indices for the assessment of environmental risks related to the presence of metals in bottom sediments rather than relying on a single one.
The use of algae to remove copper and lead from industrial wastewater
Authors: Cygnarowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the removal of Cu and Pb ions by algae. The experiments were carried out in the presence of two algal populations: a pure culture of Raphidocelis subcapitata, and a mixed chlorophyta population. The research involved a model study, experiments in the presence of wastewater from the manufacture of batteries, and the study of process kinetics. The wastewater pH was 4.0, and the initial concentrations of metal ions in the wastewater were 95.4 mg/L for Pb and 48.3 mg/L for Cu, respectively. The maximum sorption capacity of the pure Raphidocelis subcapitata culture was 14.8 mg/g d.m. for Pb, corresponding to the removal of 72% of lead, and 6.1 mg/g d.m. for Cu, corresponding to the removal of 43% of copper from the wastewater. The best ion sorption efficiency in the case of the mixed chlorophyta population was 7.0 mg/g d.m. for Pb, i.e., 61% removal of lead, and 12.8 mg/g d.m. for Cu, i.e., 69% removal of copper ions from the wastewater. The optimum duration of the process was found to be 1 hour, since the majority of biomass samples reached the maximum saturation after that time. On the basis of the obtained results (Lagergren models), it was found that the dominant mechanism of the process was chemisorption.
On efficiency and duality for a class of nonconvex nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional variational control problems
Authors: Antczak Tadeusz , Arana-Jimen�z Manuel , Trean�� Savin
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we consider the class of nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional variational control problems involving the nondifferentiable terms in the numerators and in the denominators. Under univexity and generalized univexity hypotheses, we prove optimality conditions and various duality results for such nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional variational control problems. The results established in the paper generalize many similar results established earlier in the literature for such nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional variational control problems.
Homeostatic activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor by dietary ligands dampens cutaneous allergic responses by controlling Langerhans cells migration
Authors: Cros Adeline , De Juan Alba , Leclère Renaud , Sampaio Julio L , San Roman Mabel , Maurin Mathieu , Heurtebise-Chrétien Sandrine , Segura Elodie
Published: May 2023

Dietary compounds can affect the development of inflammatory responses at distant sites. However, the mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Here, we addressed the influence on allergic responses of dietary agonists of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In cutaneous papain-induced allergy, we found that lack of dietary AhR ligands exacerbates allergic responses. This phenomenon was tissue-specific as airway allergy was unaffected by the diet. In addition, lack of dietary AhR ligands worsened asthma-like allergy in a model of ‘atopic march.’ Mice deprived of dietary AhR ligands displayed impaired Langerhans cell migration, leading to exaggerated T cell responses. Mechanistically, dietary AhR ligands regulated the inflammatory profile of epidermal cells, without affecting barrier function. In particular, we evidenced TGF-β hyperproduction in the skin of mice deprived of dietary AhR ligands, explaining Langerhans cell retention. Our work identifies an essential role for homeostatic activation of AhR by dietary ligands in the dampening of cutaneous allergic responses and uncovers the importance of the gut–skin axis in the development of allergic diseases.
Karst grassland forage quality and its determinants in Guizhou Province of Southwest China
Authors: He Dengming , Jin Baocheng , Zhao Xuechun , Cheng Hua , Chen Chao , Wang Huanhuan , Zhang Jinping , Zhang Yaoyao , Yang Qin , Liu Kun , Han Min , Li Zhongcai , Peng Jing
Published: May 2023

Forage quality is a key property of grassland ecosystems. In this study, grassland forage qualities were measured at 373 sampling sites throughout Guizhou Province in the karst mountain region of Southwest China, and the factors affecting it were explored. The forage quality level of most plant species was categorized into four levels: (1) preferred forage species; (2) desirable forage species; (3) consumed but undesirable forage species; and (4) non-consumable or toxic forage species. High temperature and precipitation appeared to facilitate the growth of preferred forage species, but limited the growth of other plants. Increasing soil pH had a positive impact on the number and biomass of preferred forage plants, but a negative influence on other plants, especially non-consumable or toxic plants. Both GDP and population density had a positive correlation with the number and biomass of preferred forage species, while such correlations for other levels of forage species tended to be negative. Grazing could lead to a decrease in the preferred forage species. Therefore, it is suggested that by focusing on soil improvement in grassland and maintaining an appropriate grazing intensity, global warming and rapid economic growth in Guizhou Province will likely contribute to increase the forage quality of karst grasslands in Southwest China.
The Role of Tax Socialization in Strengthening Compliance Msme Taxpayers in Badung, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Yudha Cokorda Krisna , Putra Gede Sanjaya Adi , Putrawan Kadek Ady
Published: May 2023

Aims: This study aims to examine the compliance of MSME taxpayers with tax socialization as a moderating variable.

Study Design: Quantitative method with survey method.

Place and Duration of Study: MSME taxpayers at the Badung KPP.

Methodology: Type of data in this study is primary data. Primary data in this study was obtained with a spread questionnaire to must MSME tax. The population in this study is all MSME taxpayers at the Badung KPP is 16,559. Whereas the sample in the study  is must tax persons personal which do activity business. As for Technique sampling this study use a random sampling technique. Random sampling is taking sample members from a population that is carried out randomly without regard to the strata in that population. Determination of the number of samples in this study was carried out using the Slovin formula at an error threshold of 10% so that a minimum sample size of 100 respondents was obtained. The questionnaire in this study was measured using a Likert scale of 5 points from strongly disagreeing rated 1 to strongly agree rated 5. The tax understanding variable was measured using 5 indicators; Tax socialization variable is measured by 7 indicators). The variable of taxpayer compliance is measured by 3 indicators. Researcher used moderate regression analysis for analyzing data.

Results: The taxpayer compliance of MSME actors in Badung Regency can be increased if the taxpayer understands well how knowledge of taxation aspects is in the business world, both from the effort to record transactions, calculate bills or tax burden to be paid and pay tax debt on time is directly affected by the intention to comply. However, this effort will not run optimally if there is no dissertation on the role of tax socialization. The existence of this socialization provides additional knowledge and understanding of the aspects of taxation. The results of this test indicate that tax socialization can be justified as a moderating variable for the effect of understanding taxation on taxpayer compliance of MSME actors in Badung Regency.

Conclusion: To improve related research obedience must tax MSME, the researcher provides suggestions for research, furthermore as follows: 1) Government can increase compliance must tax in making payments and reporting tax with expand socialization tax and using various media which easily reached by must tax especially MSMEs (such as Facebook, Instagram, whatsapp). 2) MSME actors in a manner aware of the importance of following tax socialization given by the government and actively supports government programs in increasing tax understanding of MSMEs especially tax incentives given for MSMEs.
Environmental Accounting Practice and Financial Performance of Listed Aviation Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Seun Kolawole Joseph , Esther Igbekoyi Olusola , Isaiah Ogungbade Oluyinka , Emmanuel Dagunduro Muyiwa
Published: May 2023

Environmental accounting practices is a concept that has received attention in recent times especially after the world experienced the adverse effect of environmental abuse. It was however discovered that the discourse focused majorly on the manufacturing sector with little attention on another sensitive sector such as the aviation industry. This study, therefore, investigated the effect of environmental accounting practices on the financial performance of Nigerian aviation firms, with a specific focus on their environmental research and development, environmental pollution control policy, and environmental waste management. An ex-post facto research design was used in the study. The population comprised the five aviation firms listed on the Nigeria Exchange Group as of 31st December 2021. A census sampling technique was used which automatically made the five firms the sample size of the study. Data were obtained from secondary sources through the published annual reports of the firms covering the period of 2016 – 2021. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis. Findings revealed that environmental research and development, and environmental waste management had a negative and significant effect on return on assets; while environmental pollution control policy positively and significantly affect the return on assets of Nigeria aviation firms. The study concluded that environmental research and development, and environmental waste management could adversely affect financial performance if not well managed. It is recommended that the environmental management of firms should be given priority in order to maximize financial performance.
Efficacy Evaluation of Organic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality Parameters of French Beans, Maize and Kale in Different Counties of Kenya
Authors: Wekha Wafula N. , Korir Nicholas K. , Gichimu Mutugi V. , Hezron Arunga
Published: May 2023

Sustainable agriculture is an important global issue. Organic fertilizer application improves crop growth by supplying plant nutrients, including micronutrients, as well as improving the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, thereby providing a better environment for root development by improving the soil structure. It has been widely reported that continuous applications of inorganic fertilizers alone resulted in deterioration of soil health in terms of physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Understanding the nutrient variability and release pattern of organic fertilizers is crucial to supply plants with sufficient nutrients to achieve optimum productivity, while also rebuilding soil fertility and ensuring protection of environmental and natural resources. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Fertiplus on growth, quality and yield in Kale, Maize and French Beans in Kenya. The trial plots were 3 m×3 m arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 4 times. The treatments consisted Fertiplus 4-3-3 alone; Fertiplus 4-3-3+100% recommended fertilizer practice; Fertiplus 4-3-3+50% recommended fertilizer practice; Fertiplus 4-3-3+75% recommended fertilizer practice; Reference product (Permeate); recommended fertilizer practice (Conventional) and the absolute control. Application of Fertiplus plus 50% of the recommended fertilizer practice led to the highest number of pods per plant (18) and application with 75% of the recommended fertilizer practice showed a peak harvest of fresh pods with 374.3 g per plant. In an area of 1 m2, application of Fertiplus and 50% recommended fertilizer practice had 6.7 kilograms of kale with a maximum of 14 mature leave per plant in a span of 20 days. In maize, the Fertiplus and 50% recommended fertilizer treatment showed the highest cob weight per plant (480 g) and an average grain yield of 396.7 g per plant compared to the doubled level (100%) of the recommended fertilizer practice that had 401 g per plant. From the study, it was observed that the highest yield of the three study crops were under the integrated treatments of the organic fertilizer and half the rate of synthetic fertilizer program.
The Legislative and Regulatory Framework Governing Traditional and Alternative Medicine Practice in the Gambia: A Short Communication
Authors: Obu Raphael Nyarkotey
Published: May 2023

Traditional and alternative medicine practitioners have an important role to play in the Gambian Healthcare sector, yet they have been sidelined.

I believe that the nature of the Gambian Healthcare sector stands to benefit more if practitioners are regulated effectively. The healthcare setup in the country is inadequate in caring for all the medical needs of the population. I was amazed to read about how a ferry transporting people and an ambulance carrying a patient to Senegal got stuck at sea for over 10 hours.

The resultant effect is that the patient died on the Ferry. If Pluralist medicine is promoted and integrated into the Gambian healthcare system; I believe that more lives will be preserved and better quality of care will be appreciated.

But these can only be achieved with legislation and effective regulation of the practitioners.  The sad thing is that there is healthcare legislation in the Gambia but none appears to have an effect to regulate the practitioners.  I explore them in this legal short communication article.
The Gambia and the Right to Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Health Care: A Legal Commentary
Authors: Obu Raphael Nyarkotey
Published: May 2023

Health rights are important fundamental human rights. But unfortunately missing in the Gambian 1997 Constitution.  Besides, the right to health does not only pertain to the mainstream sector but extends to the practice of medical pluralism. In promoting medical pluralism in a country such as the Gambia, rights to health should also extend to access to traditional and alternative remedies.  The provision of the attainable highest standard in the profession should be the hallmark of the Nation.

Article 24 of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples states: Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals, and minerals.

The question is what is being done for the Indigenous Peoples in the Gambia to have access to their traditional and alternative medicines without any hindrances? In this legal commentary, I explore the constitutional provisions of the right to health in the Gambia and access to traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines.
New light on oblong forts: excavations at Dunnideer, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Cook Murray , Kdolska Hana , Dunbar Lindsay , Engl Rob , Sagrott Stefan , Druce Denise , Cook Gordon
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the results of the excavation of a single keyhole trench at the oblong vitrified fort of Dunnideer, Aberdeenshire, along with a brief history of the study of oblong forts and vitrification. The excavation yielded two radiocarbon dates derived from destruction layers, which are discussed along with the results of a limited programme of archaeomagnetic dating at the same location.
A plan of 1545 for the fortification of Kelso Abbey
Authors: Fawcett Richard
Published: May 2023

It has long been known from surviving correspondence that the Italian gunfounder Archangelo Arcano prepared two drawings illustrating proposals for the fortification of Kelso Abbey, following its capture by the English army under the leadership of the earl of Hertford in 1545. It had been assumed those drawings had been lost. However, one of them has now been identified and is here published, together with a brief discussion of what it can tell us about the abbey in the mid-16th century.
The construction chronology and significance of timber for building Panmure House, Angus
Authors: Newland Kate
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the first comprehensive analysis of Panmure House, Angus as originally built for the earls of Panmure between 1666 and 1670. Although considered in its day as one of the finest houses in Scotland, Panmure has never been the subject of an individual study. An extensive collection of building accounts and contracts found in the Dalhousie Muniments, supplemented by William Adam's drawings have, however, afforded the opportunity to investigate in some detail how the building works for the earl of Panmure were organised and executed. Through careful examination of this evidence, a clearer understanding of the design and development of Panmure has emerged, revealing how such building works were organised, which craftsmen were employed, and what materials were required for its completion. In particular, the increasing use and significance of timber for building works in 17th-century Scotland can be recognised at Panmure, a development which can be directly linked to the emergence of Norway as the prime supplier of building timber to Scotland from the 16th century onwards.
Prelims
Authors: - -
Published: May 2023

Front matter for Volume 141

Table of Contents

List of abbreviations commonly used in the Proceedings

Editorial board for the Proceedings Vol 141

Society of Antiquaries of Scotland Council from 1 December 2010

Patron and Honorary Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2010-11

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
Croig Cave: a Late Bronze Age ornament deposit and three millennia of fishing and foraging on the north-west coast of Mull, Scotland
Authors: Mithen Steven , Wicks Karen , Austin Phil , Black Stuart , Elliot Sarah , Ingrem Claire , O'Connor Brendan , Smith Sam , Cowie Trevor
Published: May 2023

Activity within caves provides an important element of the later prehistoric and historic settlement pattern of western Scotland. This contribution reports on a small-scale excavation within Croig Cave, on the coast of north-west Mull, that exposed a 1.95 m sequence of midden deposits and cave floors that date between c 1700 BC and AD 1400. Midden analysis indicated the processing of a diverse range of small fish and the collection of shellfish throughout this period, showing a high degree of continuity involving low-risk inshore fishing. At c 950 BC, a penannular copper bracelet and an amber bead were deposited within a small, shallow pit within the cave floor, suggestive of a discrete ritual episode within the cycle of otherwise potentially mundane activities. Lead isotope analysis indicated an Irish origin for the copper ore. A piece of iron slag within later midden deposits, dated to c 400 BC, along with high frequencies of wood charcoal, suggest that smithing or smelting may have occurred within the cave. High zinc levels in the historic levels of the midden c AD 1200 might indicate intensive processing of seaweed.
Mesolithic and Early Neolithic activity along the Dee: excavations at Garthdee Road, Aberdeen
Authors: Murray Hilary K , Murray J Charles , Ballin Torben , Cook Gordon , Cramp Lucy , Marshall Peter , Sheridan Alison , Timpany Scott
Published: May 2023

Excavation on a gravel ridge beside the River Dee in Aberdeen revealed a small ovoid building of

early Neolithic date. Not only does this add to the very small corpus of early Neolithic buildings yet

excavated in Scotland, but the survival of floors and hearths also allows some analysis of functions

within the building. The structural, artefactual and radiocarbon evidence suggest that this was

a permanent building in use over at least a generation, in contrast to some interpretations of such

buildings as temporary shelters. The artefactual and environmental data demonstrate considerable

cultural and economic similarities between the occupants of this small building and of the two massive

early Neolithic timber halls only a few kilometers away at Balbridie and Warren Field, Crathes.

Radiocarbon analysis shows that, although the two halls were built earlier, the Garthdee building may

have coexisted with them – emphasizing the varied and complex development of the early Neolithic of

eastern Scotland. There is also some evidence to suggest that, although their re-use of an earlier site

may have been coincidental, the Neolithic occupants may have been aware of some features of the

earlier, Mesolithic, use of the site.
An Iron Age burial with weapons, on a site with evidence of medieval and post-medieval occupation from Dunbar, East Lothian
Authors: Roy M , Hunter Fraser , Walton Rogers P , Ives R , Evans J , Pashley V , Roberts J , Hall D
Published: May 2023

In September and October 2005, an archaeological excavation was undertaken on the site of the former Empire Cinema on Dunbar High Street. In addition to late medieval and post-medieval remains, a cist grave of pre-Roman or Roman Iron Age date was excavated and recorded. Two adult males occupied the cist grave, one of whom was equipped with a sword and a spear, representing a rare example of an Iron Age burial with weapons in Scotland. Partial skeletal remains of two further individuals were also present. This paper describes the cist grave and its contents, and places these in the context of similar remains in Scotland and wider afield, as well as considering the medieval and post-medieval remains, which included a north/south-aligned ditch that may have marked a boundary line to the west of Dunbar’s High Street. Rubble walls forming a corner of a structure to the west of this ditch may mark the remains of a building of late medieval date, while a relatively homogeneous deposit of considerable depth, built up over a relatively short period, may represent intentional levelling of the Empire site between the late medieval and early post-medieval periods.
Müzik Eğitimi Öğrencilerinin Öz-Yönetimli Öğrenme Düzeyleri İle Piyano Öğrenme Stilleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: GEDİK Gizem , DEMİRTAŞ Serkan
Published: May 2023

Araştırmanın amacı müzik eğitimi anabilim dalı öğrencilerinin piyano öğrenme stilleri ile öz-yönetimli öğrenme düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli ve korelasyonel araştırma yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Veriler “Öz-Yönetimli Öğrenme Becerileri Ölçeği”, “Pamukkale Piyano Öğrenme Stilleri Ölçeği” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ile toplanmıştır. 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dallarında öğrenim gören toplam 325 lisans öğrencisi araştırmaya katılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre öğrencilerin öz-yönetimli öğrenme düzeylerinde cinsiyet, mezun oldukları lise, öğrenim gördükleri üniversite türü ve piyano eğitimi aldıkları süreye göre anlamlı bir fark olmadığı, öğrenim gördükleri süreye, düzenli piyano çalışma durumlarına, çalıştıkları piyano eğitmeni sayılarına, günlük piyano çalışmaya ayırdıkları süre ve lisansüstü eğitim yapma isteğine göre ise anlamlı farklılık olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin piyano öğrenme stilleri ile öz-yönetimli öğrenme becerileri arasında pozitif yönlü ve orta düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p
Reactivation and consolidation of memory traces during post‐encoding rest across the adult lifespan
Authors: Mekbib Destaw B. , McDonough Ian M.
Published: January 2025

Episodic memory is a critical cognitive function that enables the encoding, storage, and retrieval of new information. Memory consolidation, a key stage of episodic memory, stabilizes this newly encoded information into long‐lasting brain “storage.” Studies using fMRI to investigate post‐encoding awake rest holds promise to shed light on early, immediate consolidation mechanisms. Here, we review fMRI studies during episodic memory to document common methods to investigate post‐encoding consolidation, such as multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and functional connectivity, and the current state of the science in both healthy younger and older adults. In young adults, post‐encoding reactivation of stimuli‐specific neural patterns in the hippocampus and its connectivity with cortical and subcortical areas (e.g., visual‐temporal cortex, medial prefrontal, and medial parietal cortex) correlate with subsequent memory performance. Conversely, studies in older adults highlight the importance of large‐scale brain networks during post‐encoding rest, particularly the default mode network (DMN). Alterations in connectivity between the DMN and task‐positive networks may help older adults maintain episodic memory. Furthermore, non‐invasive brain stimulation techniques can enhance these post‐encoding consolidation processes and improve memory performance in both younger and older adults. Notably, a lack of studies has investigated post‐encoding memory consolidation in neurodegenerative disorders. This review underscores the importance of understanding how post‐encoding neural reactivation and connectivity evolve with age to partially explain age‐related declines in episodic memory performance and how such declines can be restored.
Synergy Effect of Acid Radical Anchors and Active Sites Protection in Co‐Based Spinel Catalyst for Efficient Amine Solution Regeneration During CO2 Capture
Authors: Zhong Xinling , Kong Weixin , Yang Kexuan , Song Tao , Dong Zhiyuan , Liang Lehang , Zhang Shihan , Li Wei , Li Sujing
Published: January 2025

Solid acid catalysts (SACs) have attracted significant attention for their role in enhancing the carbon capture desorption process, primarily due to their active acid sites. By employing a synergistic strategy involving acid anchoring and structural design, both the catalytic activity and durability of the catalyst throughout the desorption process are optimized. The TiO2 shell layer in the Mn2CoO4@TiO2/SO42− (MC@TiO2/S) catalyst effectively inhibits the leaching of active species into the solution, thereby enabling sustained high activity over ten cycles of absorption–desorption testing. The anchoring of protonated groups (SO42−) facilitates a novel pathway for proton transfer in solution via proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) effect, significantly reducing activation energy for this step and enhancing desorption reaction kinetics. Consequently, CO2 regeneration capacity and regeneration rate increase by 103% and 111%, respectively, while energy consumption during regeneration decreases by ≈44%. Additionally, the environmental performance of the catalyst is evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA), highlighting its sustainable potential for future scale‐up applications. This study presents a viable strategy for employing metal oxide solid acid materials to facilitate efficient and low‐energy solvent regeneration in carbon capture processes.
Fish‐Like Dual‐Bubbling Nanostructured Membranes‐Based Actuation System for Enhanced Underwater Sensing
Authors: Liu Xinrui , Li Shan , Xiao Peng , Han Yue , Lei Jinchang , Wang Wenqin , Chen Tao
Published: January 2025

Underwater sensing is crucial for sea exploration and guiding underwater vehicles. Artificial flexible or soft sensors with high sensitivity and environmental adaptability can be one promising alternative. However, the current sensors may experience sharp decline of the sensory performance attributed to the heavy water pressure. Here, inspired by the structure of swimming bladder, a fish‐like dual‐bubbling sensory membrane is developed with undiminished sensitivity by designing integrated actuation system for underwater mechanical sensing. The integrated system includes a morphing layer of soft elastomer for 3D adaptability and a sensing layer of harder elastomer embedded with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), capable of detecting fluctuations as small as 5 Pa at 8 kPa pressure and maintaining stable sensitivity up to 18 kPa. The rational design of modular‐actuation sensory system (MASS) allows the adjustment of sensing capability to handle with the higher applied water pressure. Furthermore, the designed sensor is integrated into underwater vehicle to sensitively detect the navigation behaviors and further to monitor external environmental mechanical stimuli even under 1.6 m condition. The proposed design principle is expected to provide guidance for biomimetic underwater sensory or actuating systems.
Photo‐Facilitated Nitric Oxide‐Triggered Turn‐on Photodynamic Therapy for Precise Antitumor Application
Authors: Qin Yiliang , Gao Hanyi , Yin Yuting , Li Jiayi , He Xia , Gao Meng , Sun Liying , Yuan Yi , Tian Ying , Zhou Yizhao , Zeng Zebing , Zhang Xiaodong , Hu Rong
Published: January 2025

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a powerful strategy for tumor therapy with noninvasiveness and desirable efficacy. However, the phototoxicity of photosensitizer after the post‐PDT is the major obstacle limiting the clinic applications. Herein, a nitric oxide (NO)‐activatable photosensitizer is reported with turn‐on PDT behavior and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting ability for precise tumor therapy. Four o‐thiophenediamine derivatives with reaction‐tunable donor/acceptor push‐pull electronic effect are established, and the systematic structure and property relationship observation reveals the following features: 1) the reactivity against NO can be improved by enhancing the electron density and further facilitated upon photo‐irradiation. 2) the reactivity with NO enables the improved intramolecular charge transfer process with the evoking of photosensitizing effect. 3) only o‐thiophenediamine derivative with ER enrichment behavior exhibited cancer cell ablation effect compared to photosensitizers localized in lysosome and lipid droplet. Thus, the efficient inhibition of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo is realized based on the photo‐controlled PDT strategy. This work provides more insights into developing promising activatable photosensitizers for advanced therapy based on tumor microenvironment trigger.
Metal‐Protein Hybrid Materials: Unlocking New Frontiers in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Pan Yong , Zhao Han , Huang Wenyong , Liu Siyang , Qi Yanxin , Huang Yubin
Published: January 2025

Metal‐protein hybrid materials represent a novel class of functional materials that exhibit exceptional physicochemical properties and tunable structures, rendering them remarkable applications in diverse fields, including materials engineering, biocatalysis, biosensing, and biomedicine. The design and development of multifunctional and biocompatible metal‐protein hybrid materials have been the subject of extensive research and a key aspiration for practical applications in clinical settings. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the design strategies, intrinsic properties, and biomedical applications of these hybrid materials, with a specific emphasis on their potential in cancer therapy, drug and vaccine delivery, antibacterial treatments, and tissue regeneration. Through rational design, stable metal‐protein hybrid materials can be synthesized using straightforward methods, enabling them with therapeutic, delivery, immunomodulatory, and other desired functionalities. Finally, the review outlines the existing limitations and challenges associated with metal‐protein hybrid materials and evaluates their potential for clinical translation, providing insights into their practical implementation within biomedical applications.
Untangling the Role of Capping Agents in Manipulating Electrochemical Behaviors Toward Practical Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Ruwei , Zhong Yunpeng , Jiang Peie , Tang Hao , Guo Fei , Dai Yuhang , Chen Jie , Wang Jingyi , Liu Jiyang , Wei Song , Zhang Wei , Zong Wei , Zhao Fangjia , Zhang Jichao , Guo Zhengxiao , Wang Xiaohui , He Guanjie
Published: January 2025

Long‐standing challenges including notorious side reactions at the Zn anode, low Zn anode utilization, and rapid cathode degradation at low current densities hinder the advancement of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). Inspired by the critical role of capping agents in nanomaterials synthesis and bulk crystal growth, a series of capping agents are employed to demonstrate their applicability in AZIBs. Here, it is shown that the preferential adsorption of capping agents on different Zn crystal planes, coordination between capping agents and Zn2+ ions, and interactions with metal oxide cathodes enable preferred Zn (002) deposition, water‐deficient Zn2+ ion solvation structure, and a dynamic cathode‐electrolyte interface. Benefiting from the multi‐functional role of capping agents, dendrite‐free Zn plating and stripping with an improved Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% and enhanced long‐term cycling stability are realized. Remarkable capacity retention of 91% is achieved for cathodes after more than 500 cycles under a low current density of 200 mA g−1, marking one of the best cycling stabilities to date. This work provides a proof‐of‐concept of capping agents in manipulating electrochemical behaviors, which should inspire and pave a new avenue of research to address the challenges in practical energy storage beyond AZIBs.
Atmospheric Water Sorption Kinetics in Powder and Monolithic Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Li Jiawang , Wang Guang , Fan Hongzhao , Li Zhigang , Tso Chi Yan , Zhou Yanguang
Published: January 2025

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely applied for adsorption applications owing to their high surface area and porosity. In this paper, the atmospheric water adsorption kinetics in a prototypical MOF with two forms, that is, powder and monolithic MOF‐801, are systematically investigated. It is shown that the total pore volume (average pore diameter) of the monolithic MOF‐801 is 0.831 cm3 g−1 (5.20 nm) which is much larger than that of powder MOF‐801, that is, 0.488 cm3 g−1 (1.95 nm). Monolithic MOF‐801 absorbs more water than powder MOF‐801 at a relative humidity (RH) above 90%. However, between the RH ranges from 10% to 90%, its water uptake is significantly lower than that of the powder form. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the unexpected water uptake capacity of monolithic MOF‐801 at RH of 10%∼90% is caused by the water film formed by the capillary condensation in these mesopores of monolithic MOF‐801. The capillary force of the formed film can be overcome by water vapor pressure when RH is over 90%. These findings reveal the underlying mechanisms for water adsorption kinetics in both powder and monolithic MOFs, which can motivate and benefit the new passive cooling or water harvesting system design based on MOFs.