bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Large Enrollment Courses in Hybrid Instruction Mode
Authors: Khanna Pooja
Published: February 2017

While Indian education system is still debating on values of Gurukal system to imperial western education; the world moves on to the hybrid teaching learning system. Though the western world started hybrid teaching in early 1990’s, it took us good 30 years to follow the Westroes. Even when we have initiated the process in few institutions there is much to understand and do before we actually get to see the success of Hybrid online teaching and learning. This paper set to study the hitches and glitches in Hybrid Instruction system of teaching and learning for large enrollment courses. This new instructional methodology ask for redesigning the entire traditional teaching and learning practices where motivation of the felicitator is of prime concern that whether they are motivated enough to come out of their comfort zones.
Empowering Engineering Students through Employability Skills
Authors: Kaushal Urvashi
Published: February 2017

A professional course like engineering strives to get maximum number of its students placed through campus interviews. While communication skills have been added in all the engineering courses with the aim to improve their performance in placement, the syllabus mostly concentrates on the development of four language skills. The students are not made aware of the employability skills and their significance. the increasing competition makes it imperative that apart from a regular degree certain skills are required by engineers. Industries while advertising for various posts even mention essential skills required along with the essential qualification. However skills and the significance of skills while applying for jobs or while facing interviews is a topic which is rarely given consideration while preparing for job interviews or while entering the job market. This paper intends to enlist the importance of skills and why students need to be aware of the skills they possess and how they can work on packaging their candidature around a few skills.  Different profession requires different skills and if students identify their skills or acquire certain skills they can unquestionably have an added advantage in the interview and placement. Hence, this paper intends to enlist the skills, the importance of skills, ways to create awareness of individual skills specifically in engineering students who will step into the industry in near future.
Profiles of Relationships Between Subjective and Objective Cognition in Schizophrenia: Associations With Quality of Life, Stigmatization, and Mood Factors
Authors: Prouteau Antoinette , Roux Solenne , Destaillats Jean-Marc , Bergua Valérie
Published: February 2017

Justification: Recent studies showed that neurocognitive insight difficulties occur in subjects with schizophrenia. However, little is known about the different profiles of neurocognitive insight, their relations with neurocognitive functioning, and their specific links with mood factors and outcomes. Aim: The study explored profiles of relationships between objective and subjective cognition in persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and associations with quality of life (QoL), stigmatization, and mood factors. Method: Participants were 69 outpatients with an SSD. Cluster analysis (Ward method) was performed to explore profiles of interactions between subjective complaints and objective cognitive performances. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were then conducted to compare groups on anxiety and depression levels, stigmatization, and QoL. Results: Cluster analysis produced 3 groups: high cognitive impairment/moderate cognitive complaints (N = 26), good cognitive functioning/moderate cognitive complaints (N = 22), and moderate cognitive impairment/high cognitive complaints (N = 21). The second group has higher objective QoL, and the third group has higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stigmatization. Our results show that (a) not all patients with SSD have neurocognitive insight difficulties, (b) relation between objective and subjective cognition is not linear, and (c) differences between profiles may have theoretical and clinical implications.
Trichodinid (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) Ectoparasites of Sand Goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) Fry
Authors: Dana D. , Sumawidjaja Kusman , Hadiroseyani Yani
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Two species of Trichodinid were identified from sand goby, (Oxyeleotris marmorata) fry of 6,1-8,0 mm long; T heterodentata and T nigra.  All parasite species were scraped from the skin of fry which were reared in fertilized pond.

Key Word :  Sand goby, trichodinids

 

ABSTRAK

Dua spesies dari genus Trichodina telah diidentifikasi dari benih ikan Betutu, (Oxyeleotris marniorata) yang berukuran 6,1-8,0 mm.  Kedua spesies itu adalah T heterodentata dan T nigra.  Parasit tersebut diambil dari kulit ikan betutu yang dipelihara dalam kolam yang dipupuk.
Kata kunci :  Ikan betutu, trichodina
Effectiveness of B-actin promoter on driving target gene expression in common carp transgenesis
Authors: Hidayani Andi Aliah , Carman Odang , Alimuddin .
Published: February 2017

Promoter in transgene construct plays an important role on regulating of transgene expression level in transgenic fish. In fish transgenesis, researcher convinced that use all-fish gene construct is safety and prospective. This study was performed to compare effectiveness b-actin promoter, - the promoter which has ubiquitous, constitutive, housekeeping characteristics, from common carp (homologous) and from tilapia and medaka b-actin promoters (heterologous) in driving of green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression as a model of target gene on common carp transgenesis. These gene constructs were separately microinjected into cytoplasm of 60 one-cell-stage common carp embryos. The results suggested that 70% survival rate at embryo stage and 45% hatching rate values showed that the microinjection was performed successfully. Percentage of embryos expressing GFP gene were slightly higher when injected using common carp and medaka promoters than those of using tilapia promoter. Percentage of larvae expressing GFP using common carp promoter was similar with medaka promoter. Furthermore, GFP expression using common carp b-actin promoter could be detected at one-week-old larvae, while GFP expressing using medaka b-actin promoter was lasted at 2-day-old larvae. The results demonstrated that homologous promoter more effective in driving of a target gene expression than that of heterologous promoter. 

Key words: homologous promoter, GFP, transgenesis, common carp

 

ABSTRAK

Promoter dalam konstruksi transgen berperan penting dalam pengaturan tingkat ekspresi transgen pada ikan transgenik. Dalam transgenesis ikan, peneliti meyakini bahwa penggunaan konstruksi gen "all-fish" adalah aman dan prospektif.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membandingkan efektivitas promoter β-aktin, - promoter yang memiliki ciri ubiquitous, constitutive, dan housekeeping, dari ikan dari ikan mas (homolog) dan ikan nila dan ikan medaka (heterolog) dalam mengendalikan ekspresi gen GFP sebagai model gen pada transgenesis ikan mas. Setiap  konstruksi gen tersebut diinjeksikan secara terpisah ke sitoplasma embrio ikan mas fase 1 sel sebanyak 60 embrio. Hasil penelitian dengan kelangsungan hidup embrio 70% dan derajat penetasan 45% menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan mikroinjeksi berhasil dengan baik.  Persentase embrio mengekspresikan gen GFP yang diinjeksi konstruksi gen dengan promoter β-aktin ikan mas dan ikan medaka sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang menggunakan promoter β-aktin ikan nila.  Selanjutnya, ekspresi gen GFP yang dikendalikan oleh promoter β-aktin ikan mas dapat dideteksi pada larva berumur 1 minggu, sedangkan ekspresi GFP dengan promoter β-aktin ikan medaka hanya bisa terdeteksi hingga larva berumur 2 hari.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa promoter homolog adalah lebih efektif dalam mengatur ekspresi gen target dibandingkan dengan promoter heterolog.

Kata kunci: promoter homolog, GFP, transgenesis, ikan mas
Production and bioactivity test of recombinant protein common carp growth hormone
Authors: Utomo Deny Sapto Chondro , Alimuddin . , Sudrajat Agus Oman , Faizal Irvan
Published: February 2017

This study aimed to produce recombinant growth hormone (rGH) protein of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and evaluate its bioactivity. DNA fragment encoding mature GH protein of common carp (mCcGH) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and PCR products were then ligated into pCold I to generate pCold I-mCcGH protein expression vector. Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) harboring pCold I-mCcGH was cultured in the 2xYT medium at 15 °C for 24 hours and protein production was induced by isopropyl-beta-thio galactopyranoside (IPTG). The inclusion bodies containing rGH protein from E. coli transformants were isolated by sonication method and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The result showed that rGH with molecular weight of about 25 kDa was obtained. Common carp juveniles with average body weight of 5.2±0.4 g were intramuscularly injected once a week for 4 weeks with rGH protein solution from 1 μg bacterial cells per gram fish body weight. The result showed that juveniles fish injected with rGH grew 106.56% higher than control. This result indicated that rGH produced in E. coli BL21 possessed biological activity and it may be useful to improve growth of aquaculture species.

Key words: growth hormone, recombinant protein, common carp

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan protein rekombinan hormon pertumbuhan (growth hormone, GH) dari ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) dan menguji bioaktivitasnya. Fragmen DNA penyandi protein matang (mature) GH ikan mas (mCcGH) diamplifikasi dengan menggunakan metode PCR dan hasilnya kemudian diligasi ke dalam pCold-I untuk menghasilkan konstruksi vektor ekspresi pCold-I-mCcGH. Plasmid pCold-I-mCcGH ditransformasi ke bakteri Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), dikultur dalam media 2xYT cair pada suhu 15°C selama 24 jam dan produksi protein diinduksi dengan menggunakan isopropyl-beta-thio galactopyranoside (IPTG). Badan inklusi yang mengandung protein rekombinan GH (rGH) dari bakteri E. coli transforman diisolasi menggunakan metode sonikasi dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan SDS-PAGE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rGH dengan bobot molekul sekitar 25 kDa berhasil diproduksi. Benih ikan mas dengan bobot rata-rata 5,15±0,4 g diinjeksi secara intramuskular satu kali per minggu selama 4 minggu dengan larutan rGH hasil ekstraksi dari 1 µg pelet bakteri/g bobot ikan. Benih yang disuntik dengan rGH tumbuh sekitar 100% lebih cepat bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol yang tidak diinjeksi rGH. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa rGH yang diproduksi dalam bakteri E. coli memiliki bioaktivitas dan dapat bermanfaat untuk memacu pertumbuhan spesies ikan-ikan budidaya.

Kata kunci: hormon pertumbuhan, protein rekombinan, ikan mas
Masculinization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by administration of bull testes meal
Authors: Muslim Muslim , Junior M. Zairin , Utomo Nur Bambang Priyo
Published: February 2017

The synthetic steroid 17α-Methyltestosteron (MT) is commonly used as a feed additive to produce male population of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The use of synthetic testosterone hormone is not recommended in Indonesia. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of natural testosterone hormone in bull testes meal (BTM) on the masculinization of Nile tilapia using validated aceto carmine squash method of gonads of the fish. Experimental design was utilized two factors experiments in completely randomized design. Fry kept in 40-L glass aquaria at a density of 40 fry/aquarium. Fry (7 dph) received the BTM  for 7 days (T1), 14 days (T2) and 21 days (T3) and doses 0% (D1), 3% (D2), 6% (D3), and 9% (D4).  When treatment was these results, indicated that significant (P≥0.05) masculinization occurred only in the group treated of BTM and no treated of BTM. In the group treated of BTM, doses and duration treatment is not significant. The percentage of male fish 83.3% (9%-7d, 9%-21d, 6%-21d: doses and duration, respectively), higher than all group. Survival rate of fry (95-99.5%) is not affected by treatment BTM (no significant P≥0.05). Fish growth was significantly affected by treatment BTM compare with no treated of BTM. The highest growth performance of fry were obtained with the 9% BTM.Key words: masculinization, nile tilapia, bull testes meal ABSTRAKSteroid sintetik 17α-Methyltestosteron (MT) umumnya digunakan sebagai aditif pakan untuk menghasilkan populasi ikan nila jantan (Oreochromis niloticus). Penggunaan hormon testosteron sintetis tidak dianjurkan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh hormon testosteron alami dalam makanan testis banteng (BTM) pada maskulinisasi ikan nila menggunakan metode divalidasi aceto carmine squash, dari gonad ikan. Desain eksperimental dimanfaatkan dua eksperimen faktor dalam desain benar-benar acak. Fry disimpan dalam 40-L akuarium kaca pada kepadatan 40 fry/akuarium. Fry (7 DPH) menerima BTM selama 7 hari (T1), 14 hari (T2) dan 21 hari (T3) dan dosis 0% (D1), 3% (D2), 6% (D3), dan 9% (D4). Ketika pengobatan hasil ini, menunjukkan signifikan (P ≥ 0,05) hanya terjadi maskulinisasi pada kelompok perlakuan dari BTM dan tidak diperlakukan BTM. Pada kelompok diobati BTM, dosis dan durasi pengobatan tidak signifikan. Persentase ikan jantan 83,3% (9%-7d, 9%-21d, 6%-21d: dosis dan durasi, masing-masing), lebih tinggi dari kelompok semua. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih (95-99,5%) tidak dipengaruhi oleh pengobatan BTM (tidak ada P yang signifikan ≥ 0,05). Pertumbuhan ikan secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh BTM pengobatan dibandingkan dengan tidak diobati BTM. Kinerja pertumbuhan tertinggi fry diperoleh dengan BTM 9%.Kata kunci: maskulinisasi, ikan nila, tepung testis sapi
Quality of tiger shrimp artificial feed using various dosages of seaweed (Gracilaria gigas) meal as binder
Authors: Saade Edison , Aslamyah Siti , Salam Nur Insana
Published: February 2017

The quality of an artificial feed particularly the stability of the feed in the water is highly determined by binding agents. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum dosage of seaweed, Gracilaria gigas meal as binder.  Completely randomized design was used in this study, with three dosages of sea weed meal as treatment feeds, i.e. 3, 6, and 9%, with three replications. The control feed was a commercial feed. The physical parameters measured were water stability, hardness level, homogeneity level, sinking rate, attractiveness, and palatability of the feed, and the chemical parameters were protein and lipid dispersion. Based on parameters of hardness level, homogeneity level, protein and lipid dispersion, feed used G. gigas meal of 9% was better than the commercial feed; parameters of sinking rate, attractiveness, and palatability with G. gigas of 9% was equal to the commercial feed; and based on parameters of water stability, the commercial feed was better than treatment feeds. However, when the three treatment feeds were compared, the 9% dosage of G. gigas meal was better than the other two dosages. Based on the results, the feed using seaweed, G. gigas meal of 9% was the best feed.

Key words:  Artificial feed, binder, feed quality, G. gigas meal

 

ABSTRAK

Bahan perekat sangat menentukan kualitas pakan buatan, terutama stabilitas dalam air.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dosis tepung rumput laut, Gracilaria gigas yang terbaik sebagai bahan perekat. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan tiga dosis tepung G.gigas, yaitu 3, 6, dan 9% yang diulang tiga kali.  Pakan komersial digunakan sebagai pakan kontrol.  Parameter fisik yang diukur adalah water stability (kecepatan pecah dan dispersi padatan), tingkat kekerasan, tingkat homogenitas, kecepatan tenggelam, daya pikat dan daya lezat pelet, sedangkan parameter kimiawi adalah dispersi protein dan lemak.  Berdasarkan parameter tingkat kekerasan, tingkat homogenitas, dispersi potein dan dispersi lemak pakan yang menggunakan binder tepung G. gigas 9% lebih baik dibanding dengan pakan komersial; parameter kecepatan tenggelam, daya pikat dan daya lezat pakan yang mengandung binder G. gigas 9% sama dengan pakan komersial; dan berdasarkan water stability, pakan komersial lebih baik dibanding dengan pakan yang menggunakan binder tepung rumput laut G. gigas. Namun bila ketiga pakan perlakuan dibandingkan, pakan dengan binder G. gigas 9% masih lebih baik dibanding dengan kedua pakan perlakuan lainnya.  Sesuai hasil penelitian ini, pakan yang menggunakan binder tepung rumput laut, G. gigas dengan dosis 9% adalah pakan terbaik.

Kata kunci:  kualitas pakan, binder, tepung G. gigas, pakan buatan
The nutritional content of bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis blkr) eggs waste as source of fish feed material
Authors: Syandri Hafrijal
Published: February 2017

The purpose of study was to know nutrient content of bilih fish Mystacoleucus padangenesis Blkr eggs meal to provide basic information for local material based fish feed development. The eggs were collected from fishermen. Parameters observed were proximate (protein, fat, moisture and ash), minerals (mangan and zinc), amino acid total, fatty acid, and vitamins (A, C and E) levels. The study showed that bilih fish eggs meal contained protein 22,44-59,90%, fat 12,67-18,09%, moisture 7,33-10,62%, ash 3,25-5,43%, amino acid total 14,57-27, 50%, fatty acid 0,24-0,53%, mangan 1,38-1,66 mg/100 g, zinc 22,39-24,73 mg/ 100 g, vitamin  A 188,95-218,44 mg/100 g, vitamin C  10,42-18,08  mg/100 g and  vitamin  E 8,64-10,39 mg/100 g samples. It can be concluded that the egg meal of bilih fish is potentially be used as an enrichment ingredients of diet to improve fish growth and reproduction. 

Keywords: Bilih fish eggs, proximate, amino acid, fatty acid, minerals, vitamin

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi tepung telur ikan bilih Mystacoleucus padangenesis Blkr sebagai informasi dasar dalam pengembangan pakan ikan menggunakan bahan lokal. Telur dikumpulkan dari nelayan.  Parameter yang diamati adalah proksimat (protein, lemak, air dan abu), mineral (mangan dan seng), total asam amino, asam lemak, dan vitamin (A, C, E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung telur ikan bilih mengandung protein 22,44-59,90%, lemak 12,67-18,09%, air 7,33-10,62%, abu 3,25-5,43%, asam amino total 14,57-27, 50%, asam lemak 0,24-0,53%, mangan 1,38-1,66 mg /100 g , seng 22,39-24,73 mg/100 g, vitamin A 188,95-218,44 mg/100 g, vitamin C 10,42-18,08 mg/100 g dan vitamin E 8,64-10,39 mg/100 g sampel. Sebagai kesimpulan adalah bahwa tepung telur ikan bilih memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan pengkayaan pakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan reproduksi ikan.

Kata kunci: telur ikan bilih, proksimat, asam amino, asam lemak, mineral, vitamin
Effect of Kind and Dosage of Enrichment Materials on the Nutritional Quality of Rotifers Especially n3-HUFA
Authors: Suprayudi Muhammad Agus
Published: February 2017

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the quality of rotifer enriched with four  kinds of enrichement materials from the stand point of essensial fatty acids. Rotifer was enriched at 24 - 25oC for 18 hours at a density of 1000 ind/ml.  Rotifers were treated by four kinds of enrichment materials such as oleic acid (R-OA), two different density of Nannochloropsis oculata, (4x107 and 16x107 cell/ml; R-N18 and R-N42) two different levels of eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) triglyceride type (EPA-TAG) (20 and 40 ml/ml; R-E20, R-E40) and two different level of EPA ethyl ester (EPA-EE) (R-EE25 and R-EE50%) respectively. Rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis oculata and EPA-EE type have a similar profile of essensial fatty acid especially on n3-HUFA that dominated by EPA, while DHA was in a trace amount or not detected.  In addition Nannochloropsis oculata as an enrichment material showed the highest population density of rotifers during enrichment periods.  Rotifer enriched with EPA-TAG has a more complete of essential fatty acid profile compared to other enrichment materials due to their contained both of EPA and DHA. We conclude that rotifer enriched with EPA-TAG as enrichment material showed the best nutritional quality of rotifers from the stand point of essential fatty acid.

Key words :  Rotifers, enrichment, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosaheksaenoic acid,  n3-HUFA
   ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil asam lemak rotifera yang diperkaya dengan berbagai macam jenis dan dosis pengkaya. Rotifera dengan kepadatan 1000 ind./ml diperkaya dengan bebagai bahan pengkaya seperti asam oleat (R-OA); Nannochloropsis oculata dengan kepadatan 4x107 dan 16x107 sel/ml (R-N18 dan R-N42); eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) tipe triglicerida (EPA-TAG)  dengan dosis 20 dan 40 μl (R-E20 dan R-E40) dan EPA tipe ethyl esther (EPA-EE)  dengan dosis 25 dan 50 μl per liter (R-EE25 and R-EE50%). Rotifera diperkaya selama 18 jam pada suhu 24-25oC. Rotifera yang diperkaya dengan Nannochloropsis oculata serta EPA-EE memiliki kesamaan profil asam lemak terutama pada incorporasi EPA, sedangkan DHA terkandung pada jumlah yang kecil atau tidak terdeteksi.  Adapun rotifera yang diperkaya dengan EPA-TAG memiliki profil asam lemak yang lebih lengkap terutama ditinjau dari kandunga EPA dan docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) nya.  Selanjutnya rotifera yang diperkaya dengan Nannochloropsis oculata memiliki populasi yang tertinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengkayaan dengan EPA-TAG memiliki kualitas rotifera yang terbaik ditinjau dari sisi kelengkapan kandungan asam lemaknya.

Kata kunci :  Kualitas rotifera, pengkayaan, asam eikosapentaenoik, asam dokosaheksaenoik, n3-HUFA
Screening of Probiotic Bacteria from Intestine and Culture Environment of Hoeven’s slender carp Leptobarbus hoeveni Blkr to Control Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Sunarto . , Sukenda . , Widanarni .
Published: February 2017

The ability of probiotic bacteria to control disease infection has been used in aquaculture. This experiment was conducted to isolate and characterize probiotic bacteria; the competition test its ability probiotic bacteria against pathogenic bacteria; and to improve survival rate of Leptobarbus hoeveni. The bacteria were isolated from Leptobarbus hoeveni and its culture environment, and then tested to know its ability to inhibit bacterial fish pathogen in-vitro. Furthermore, the selected probiotic bacteria were tested in vivo to evaluate their ability to inhibit pathogen of Leptobarbus hoeveni.  The result showed that probiotic bacteria inhibit the growth of Streptococcus iniae, Flexibacter columnaris, Mycobacterium fortuitum and Aeromonas hydrophila in vitro.  Isolate DD3 was the best of candidate probiotic because of the ability to inhibit pathogen, especially A. hydrophila, the most virulent bacteria in Leptobarbus hoeveni.

Key Words  : probiotic bacteria, Leptobarbus hoeveni, pathogenic bacteria

Abstrak

Kemampuan bakteri probiotik untuk mengendalikan penyakit infeksi telah digunakan dalam akuakultur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri probiotik, menguji kemampuan bakteri probiotik terhadap bakteri patogen, sehingga dapat meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan jelawat. Bakteri diisolasi dari usus ikan jelawat dan lingkungan budaya, kemudian diuji kemampuannya menghambat bakteri patogen secara in-vitro. Selanjutnya bakteri probiotik yang dipilih diuji secara in vivo untuk mengevaluasi kemampuannya dalam menghambat patogen di dalam tubuh ikan jelawat. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bakteri probiotik yang diisolasi dari usus dan lingkungan budaya ikan jelawat menunjukkan penghambatan pertumbuhan terhadap Streptococcus iniae, Flexibacter columnaris, Mycobacterium fortuitum dan Aeromonas hydrophila secara in vitro. Isolat DD3 merupakan kandidat probiotik terbaik, karena mempunyai kemampuan untuk menghambat bakteri patogen,  khususnya bakteri  A. hydrophila adalah bakteri yang paling viluren bagi ikan jelawat.
   
Kata Kunci:   bakteri probiotik, ikan jalawat dan baktri patogen
Mortality and condition factor of juvenile green catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus c.v) on different bottom substrat
Authors: Dualantus . , Djauhari Ricky
Published: February 2017

The research was aimed to determine the type of substrate that is suitable for juvenile of green catfish in a container after transportation. This research used completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications.  Treatments are bottom substrates of white sand, 1 inch piece of  PVC pipes, and pieces of the tree roots submerged in river water. The result of the analysis of survival rate data variability of green catfish juvenile showed no significantly different among treatments. Similar result was also showed in mortality rate that was not affected by substrate type used. Thus, substrates of white sand, 1 inch piece of PVC pipes and tree roots submerged in water provided similar opportunity to green catfish to survive. The range of condition factor obtained was 2.3 to 3.9. That value was in the common range, which means that the weight gain was greater than the length.

Keywords: Substrate, juvenile, Hemibagrus nemurus.

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jenis substrat dasar yang paling cocok bagi benih ikan baung dalam wadah penampungan setelah pengangkutan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan.  Perlakuan tersebut berupa  pasir putih,  potongan pipa paralon berdiameter 1 inci dengan panjang 10-15 cm dan potongan akar tanaman yang terendam di air sungai. Hasil analisis keragaman data terhadap sintasan ikan baung menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara perlakuan.  Hasil yang sama juga ditunjukkan pada tingkat mortalitas yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh substrat yang digunakan. Dengan demikian, media substrat dasar pasir putih, potongan pipa paralon 1 inchi dan akar tanaman yang terendam di air sungai  memberikan peluang hidup yang sama terhadap juvenil ikan baung.  Kisaran nilai faktor kondisi (FK) yang diperoleh adalah 2,3-3,9. Nilai tersebut berada dalam kisaran umum, yang berarti bahwa pertambahan bobot lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pertambahan panjang. 

Kata Kunci: Substat dasar, benih, Hemibagrus nemurus.
Parasites infestation on juvenile tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) nursed in net cage at Sea Farming Instalation Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta
Authors: Hadiroseyani Yani , Effendi Irzal , Rahayu Agnis Murti , Arianty Heni Sela
Published: February 2017

This study was aimed to identify fauna parasite of juvenile tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) on the two locations of floating net at Floating Net Sea Farming Center, Pulau Seribu Jakarta. A total of five tiger grouper fry from each location, checked every two weeks during the nursery period in August-September 2008 and June-August 2009. Parasites of young tiger grouper found were protozoa (Trichodina and myxosporea), monogenea Diplectanum, metaserkaria digenea, and isopods Alitropus. Diplectanum infestation was dominant with prevalence reached 100% and the average intensity of 2,87-72,8. Fish nursed in the Perairan Pulau Semak Daun was more susceptible compared to the fish nursed in Pulau Karang Congkak.

Keywords: tiger grouper, parasite, infestation, Seribu Island.

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit yang menyerang benih kerapu macan pada masa pendederan dalam karamba jaring apung di dua lokasi Karamba Jaring Apung Balai Sea Farming, Kepulauan Seribu, yaitu di Perairan Pulau Semak Daun dan Perairan Pulau Karang Congkak. Sebanyak 5 ekor benih kerapu macan dari masing-masing lokasi, diperiksa setiap minggu selama dua periode pendederan pada bulan Agustus-September 2008 dan bulan Juni-Agustus 2009. Fauna parasit benih kerapu macan pada masa pendederan dalam jaring apung tersebut meliputi protozoa (Trichodina dan myxosporea), monogenea Diplectanum, metaserkaria digenea, dan isopoda Alitropus. Diplectanum merupakan parasit yang mendominasi dengan prevalensi mencapai 100% dan intensitas rerata 2.87–72,8. Pada Perairan Pulau Semak Daun lebih banyak ditemukan jenis parasit dengan prevalensi dan intensitas yang cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan Perairan Pulau Karang Congkak.

Kata kunci: ikan kerapu macan, parasit, infestasi, Pulau Seribu.
Biocontrol agents in aquaculture: Production and their application
Authors: Yuhana Munti
Published: February 2017

The use of biocontrol agents have become commonly accepted as a 'natural weapon' in aquaculture, either as an ecological bioremediator for low environmental quality, as well as the health promoter for cultured organisms. Biocontrol agents, which consist of beneficial microorganisms, are commonly applied as biosupplements in feeds. They are potential in replacing the use of antibiotic in inhibiting the pathogenic organisms. Therefore, their application has revealed the potential as an effective strategy to reduce the over use of antibiotics in controlling the pathogenic agents, avoid the spreading the drug resistance, or environmental deterioration of the negative effect by killing useful microorganisms. The development of suitable technology for microbial agents production, viability and stability, is a key area of research for industrial production. Production of biocontrol agents should be based on the microbial criteria, and the ability to withstand stress during processing and storage of products is crucial. This review makes an overview of biocontrol agents selection studies including techniques for isolation/identification, selection, production and its application in order to be accepted as a valuable product in aquaculture.

Key words: Biocontrol agents, beneficial microorganisms, aquaculture.

 

ABSTRAK

Pemanfaatan agen biokontrol telah dapat diterima secara luas di dunia akuakultur sebagai senjata alami, baik sebagai bioremediator ekologis untuk memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan yang rendah maupun sebagai promoter/pendukung kesehatan untuk organisme-organisme yang dibudidayakan. Agen-agen biokontrol yang terdiri atas berbagai mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan umumnya diaplikasikan sebagai biosuplemen dalam pakan. Mikroorganisme tersebut potensial dalam menggantikan penggunaan antibiotik dalam proses penghambatan terhadap organisme patogenik. Oleh karena itu, aplikasinya yang sangat potensial dapat berguna sebagai strategi efektif untuk mereduksi penggunaan berlebih dari antibiotik dalam pengendalian agen patogenik, mencegah penyebaran sifat resistensi terhadap obat-obatan, atau mencegah kerusakan lingkungan dari kematian mikroorganisme yang bermanfaat. Pengembangan teknologi yang sesuai untuk produksi, viabilitas dan stabilitas dari agen biokontrol tersebut, merupakan kunci dari penelitian untuk produksi masal pada skala industri. Proses produksi dari agen biokontrol harus berdasar pada kriteria mikrobiologis. Sifat-sifat ketahanannya terhadap stress selama pemrosesan maupun penyimpanan produk adalah penting. Pada makalah ini disajikan teknik-teknik untuk isolasi, identifikasi, produksi dan aplikasi agen biokontrol untuk dapat diterima sebagai produk yang bernilai ekonomis dalam akuakultur.

Kata kunci: Agen biokontrol, mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan, akuakultur.
Study on food habits of herring (Clupea fimbriata) in Ujung Pangkah Waters, East Java
Authors: Sulistiono . , Robiyanto M. , Brodjo M. , Simanjuntak C.P.
Published: February 2017

Herring Clupea fibriata is an important fishery resource in Indonesia. This species is found in large number in Ujung Pangkah Waters. This study aims to investigate food habits of the species. The study was done from July to December 2005, in Ujung Pangkah Waters (Gresik, East Java Province), using samples of 313 individuals consisting of 147 males and 166 female fish, collected by gill net and fix net. Study result shows that food habit of the herring was consisted of Bacillariophyceae (7 genera), Crustacea (3 genera), Ciliate (2 genera), Dynophycea (2 genera), and detritus. Bacillariophyceae is a main food, Crustacea is additional food, and Ciliata and detritus is complementary food both for male and female fish. Electivity indeks of the fish varied from -0,99 to 0,45 (male) and -0,98 to 0,51 (female). According to the index, Skeletonema and Calanus are the dominant food of the fish collected in the Ujung Pangkah Waters.

Key words:  Food habits, herring  (Clupea fibriata), Ujung Pangkah, Gresik

 

ABSTRAK

Ikan tembang (Clupea fibriata) merupakan salah satu sumberdaya perikanan yang cukup penting di Indonesia. Jenis ikan ini cukup banyak ditemukan di perairan Ujung Pangkah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis makanan ikan tembang yang tertangkap di daerah tersebut.  Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Juli sampai Desember 2005, di daerah Perairan Ujung Pangkah (Gresik, Jawa Timur), dengan pengambilan sampel ikan sebanyak 313 ekor yang terdiri atas 147 ekor jantan dan 166 ekor betina, menggunakan alat tangkap jaring insang (gill net) dan jeger (fix net). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa ikan tembang memiliki makanan yang terdiri atas Bacillariophyceae (7 jenis), Crustacea (3 jenis), Ciliata (2 jenis), Dynophycea (2 jenis), dan detritus.  Kelompok Bacillariophyceae merupakan kelompok makanan utama, Crustacea merupakan makanan pelengkap, dan Ciliata dan detritus merupakan makanan tambahan baik pada ikan jantan maupun ikan betina.  Indeks pilihan makanan ikan tembang berkisar antara -0,99 sampai 0,45 (pada ikan jantan) dan -0,98 sampai 0,51 (pada ikan betina). Berdasarkan  indeks tersebut, Skeletonema dan Calanus merupakan jenis yang banyak dimakan ikan tembang di perairan Ujung Pangkah.

Kata kunci:  Makanan, ikan tembang (Clupea fibriata), Ujung Pangkah, Gresik
Participación de las moléculas de superficie de Trypanosoma cruzi en la enfermedad de Chagas por vía oral
Authors: Morales Laverde Liliana Andrea , Jaimes Campos Mayra Alejandra , Estupiñán Moreno Elkyn Fabian , González Rugeles Clara Isabel
Published: February 2017

Introducción: La enfermedad de Chagas (ECh) es causada por la infección con Trypanosoma cruzi. En Latinoamérica afecta cerca de 8 a 9 millones de personas y es un problema de salud pública. Existen varias vías de transmisión del parásito como: transfusión sanguínea,  congénita,  vía oral y vectorial, siendo esta última la más común. Sin embargo,  en los últimos años la vía oral ha adquirido relevancia por el registro de diferentes brotes de ECh agudo asociados a la ingesta de alimentos contaminados, en países como Brasil, Venezuela y Colombia. El mecanismo de infección de T. cruzi por vía oral involucra un proceso de interacción hospedero-parásito en el cual las formas infectantes del parásito deben alcanzar la mucosa gástrica a través de un proceso de adherencia e invasión celular dado por la expresión diferencial de glicoproteínas de superficie tales como Gp82, Gp90, Gp30 y Gp35/50. Objetivo: Esta revisión tiene como objetivo describir y relacionar las moléculas de superficie de T. cruzi involucradas en la transmisión por vía oral. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo, de tipo interpretativo-descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. Se realizó una revisión de literatura científica con documentos bibliográficos localizados en diferentes fuentes en español, inglés y portugués, los criterios de selección tenidos en cuenta fueron la transmisión de ECh por vía oral, principales moléculas de superficie del parásito, relación de las diferentes DTUs  con la expresión de estas moléculas y la severidad de la enfermedad. Esta revisión se realizó en bases de datos como: ELSEVIER, PubMed, EBSCO HOST, ebrary, Scopus, entre otras, incluyendo palabras claves como: transmisión oral, enfermedad de Chagas, Trypanosoma cruzi, Gp82, Gp90, adhesión, invasión y mucosa gástrica, utilizando artículos publicados entre los años  2008 y 2015. Resultados: En nuestra búsqueda se localizaron 101 estudios experimentales, epidemiológicos y/o revisiones sistemáticas, que describían los mecanismos de invasión y las moléculas  involucradas  de forma específica como Gp82 y Gp90. Se compararon los análisis de la expresión de dichas moléculas en  diferentes  cepas y DTUs del parásito. 81 de estos artículos fueron relevantes en la discusión y elaboración del trabajo. Conclusiones: La enfermedad de Chagas aguda con transmisión oral pone en evidencia la capacidad invasiva de las formas infectantes de T. cruzi a través de la mucosa gástrica. Glicoproteínas como Gp82 y Gp90 están involucradas en el establecimiento de la infección y se expresan diferencialmente en tripomastigotes. Estas diferencias de expresión también se observan entre cepas, por lo tanto este hecho plantea diferencias en la capacidad infectiva por vía oral de las distintas cepas de T. cruzi.
A dramaturgia no teatro site-specific
Authors: Boito Sofia Rodrigues
Published: February 2017

O artigo debate a criação de dramaturgia em obras teatrais site-specific sob a perspectiva do gesto. Transplantamos o conceito de gesto lírico do crítico literário Dominique Rabaté para o contexto de uma criação teatral em processo colaborativo nas ruas de São Paulo a fim de investigar as possibilidades de emergência de textualidades na relação corporal entre ator e cidade.
Dança e ação social: implicação do lugar da arte contemporânea
Authors: Guzzo Marina Souza Lobo , Spink Mary Jane Paris
Published: February 2017

Este artigo tem como foco o espetáculo "Encarnado", da coreógrafa brasileira Lia Rodrigues. O trabalho foi criado a partir da mudança da Lia Rodrigues Companhia de Danças para a Favela da Maré, no Rio de Janeiro. “Residir” e construir seu trabalho na favela foram fatores determinantes e fundamentais para as características da obra e indicam um comprometimento com o lugar que extrapola um determinado trabalho ou projeto artístico. O compromisso passa a ser com as conexões e com a identidade que aquele lugar imprime na vida da coreógrafa, dos bailarinos e de seus trabalhos.
A transmissão de experiências no Teatro de Vizinhos – território, memória e identidade
Authors: Nosé Zeca
Published: February 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a transmissão de conhecimentos entre grupos de teatro de vizinhos. Através desta transmissão de conhecimentos, se formaram algumas estruturas de trabalho, entre elas, a vinculação territorial, o resgate da memória coletiva e o fortalecimento da identidade comunitária que os grupos envolvidos desenvolvem a partir de suas práticas.
Uma observação sobre o épico em Um dia ouvi a Lua, de Luís Alberto de Abreu
Authors: Faria Luís Roberto Arthur de
Published: February 2017

Este artigo discute como o autor Luís Alberto de Abreu define a linguagem épica em textos teatrais. Como exemplo de análise, a peça Um Dia Ouvi a Lua.
Potency and Characteristics of Bali Cattle Twin Birth
Authors: Utami Anastasia Sischa Jati , Suyasa I Nyoman
Published: February 2017

Cattle twin birth is a rare occurrence that might be due to two factors, natural factors or external interventions such as the use of hormones. This study was aimed to determine to what extent Bali cattle were potential to deliver twin birth. Natural twin birth observation was conducted by survey method and data service while for super ovulation was conducted on 6 cows that never gave birth to twins. The Intervention method used a variety of hormonal preparations started with installing CIDR implant on day 1 to day 7 of CIDR removal of the implant, injecting 1 cc of GnRH hormone injections intra-muscular on day 9, injecting 800 mg intra-muscular PMSG on day 20, injecting 2 cc PGF2alpha intra-muscular on day 22, then conducting artificial insemination after lust symptoms appeared after day 24 applicated 3 times. Control treatments were applied on 6 cattle without hormone injection. Data were analyzed descriptively. The survey data showed Bali cattle twin birth in Bali Island was 64 heads of parent population in Bali from a total of 203,727 breeding or 31.9%, but cattle with hormone manipulation delivered 30% of the total treatment although no previous twin birth history was recorded. Conclusively, manipulation of external stimuli such as hormones gained good response although no genetic ever gave birth to twins.Sapi lahir kembar adalah kejadian langka yang mungkin disebabkan karena dua faktor, faktor alam atau intervensi eksternal seperti penggunaan hormon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sejauh mana sapi Bali memiliki potensi untuk memberikan kelahiran kembar. Pengamatan kelahiran kembar alami dilakukan dengan metode survei dan layanan data sedangkan untuk kegiatan super ovulasi dilakukan pada 6 sapi yang tidak pernah punya riwayat melahirkan anak kembar sebelumnya. Metode Intervensi digunakan berbagai persiapan hormonal mulai dengan pemasangan CIDR implant pada hari 1 sampai hari 7 CIDR implant diangkat, suntikan hormon GnRH sebanyak 1cc intra-muscular pada hari 9, dilanjutkan dengan penyuntikan 800 mg PMSG intra-muscular pada hari 20, selanjutnya suntikan PGF2alpha sebanyak 2cc intra-muscular pada hari 22, kemudian inseminasi buatan dilakukan seelah gejala birahi muncul pada hari 24 dan diinseminasi sebanyak 3 kali. Sedangkan perlakuan kontrol yang diterapkan pada 6 sapi tanpa injeksi hormon. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data hasil survei menunjukkan sapi Bali kelahiran kembar di Pulau Bali sebanyak 64 induk melahirkan kembar dari total 203.727 atau 31,9%, tetapi dengan memanipulasi hormon pada ternak menghasilkan 30% lahir kembar dari keseluruhan treatment meskipun tidak ada tercatat riwayat kelahiran kembar sebelumnya. Kesimpulan dengan manipulasi rangsangan eksternal seperti hormon ternyata memperoleh respon yang baik meskipun tidak ada genetik pernah melahirkan anak kembar.
The Correlation of Body Morphological Size Toward the Body Weight of PO Steers and Heifers
Authors: Efendy Jauhari , Prihandini P W , Sulistya T A
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The study was conducted to determine the correlation between the body morphology size  of  PO steers and heifers which kept in the group housing of Litbangtan Models. The materials of this study used 24 PO steers and heifers (each cow was 15 to 18 months old). The  data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Due to the significant value, it stated that the body length and chest circumference influenced positively to the gain of the weight body of PO steers and heifers . The value of determination analysis (R2) both PO steers  and heifers was 92.70% and 86.80%; It indicated that the gain of the body length size and chest circumference would  increase the body weight. The result of calculation shown that the average of body weight of PO steers and heifers after having used two body morphological measurement (body length and chest circumference) was relativeely close to the real measurement. This phenomenon indicated that the body length and chest circumference had a close relationship with the body weight either in PO steers and heifers. Key words: PO steers and heifers, body morphological size, body weight Abstrak.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menentukan korelasi antara ukuran morfologi tubuh PO steers dan heifer yang dipelihara di kandang kelompok Litbangtan Model. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 24 PO steer dan heifer (masing-masing berumur 15 sampai 18 bulan). Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif statistik dan analisis korelasi. Berdasarkan nilai signifikan, dinyatakan bahwa panjang badan dan lingkar dada berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan bobot badan PO steer dan heifer. Nilai koefisien determinsasi (R2) PO steer dan heifer adalah 92,70% dan 86,80%; mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan ukuran panjang badan dan lingkar dada akan meningkatkan bobobt tubuh. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa rataan bobot tubuh PO steer dan heifer setelah menggunakan dua ukuran morfologi tubuh (panjang badan dan lingkar dada) serupa dengan ukuran nyata. Fenomena ini menunjukkan bahwa panjang badan dan lingkar dada berkaitan erat dengan bobot tubuh pada PO steer maupun heifer. Kata kunci: PO steer dan heifer, ukuran morfologi tubuh, bobot tubuh
FRAKSINASI EKSTRAK METANOL KULIT BATANG Rhizophora mucronata DAN UJI DAYA HAMBATNYA TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Ningsih Dian Riana , Warsinah Warsinah , Suwandri Suwandri
Published: February 2017

Rhizhophora mucronata is commonly found mangrove plant due to it’s wide distribution. The bark of this plant used for traditional medicine as slimming, antidiarrhea , anticonstipation. The chemical compounds of R. mucronata are tannins, alcaloide, flavanoids and saponin. In order to find out the effect of chemical activity of this plant, a research entitled Fractionation Metanol Extracts Bark of R. Mucronata and Inhibiting Capacity Assay againstEscherichia coli Bacteria has been carried out.The bark of R. mucronata was extracted by soxhlet with methanol solvent. Than methanol extract was fractionated with developing solvent kloroform : metanol (1:9) and producing five fractions that gave positive result on test for alcaloide compounds. The result of infrared spectroscopy that fraction 1-5 also contains of alcaloide. All fractions from coulomn chromatography tested on E. coli with dilution method which gave result that these fractions inhibit the growth of E. coli.
PENENTUAN ASAM OKSALAT SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI DENGAN METODE METILEN BIRU
Authors: Irmanto Irmanto , Suyata Suyata
Published: February 2017

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of oxalic acid has been developed, based on its catalytic effect on the redox reaction between methylene blue and sulphide, measured at the maximum absorption wavelength of 664 nm. Under the optimum conditions of 3 mL of 31 % formaldehyde; 0.8 mL of 0,067 M EDTA - Triethanolamine; 1.2 mL of 0,010 M sulphide; 2 mL of 0,0010 % methylene blue at 20 oC for 1 minute a detection limit of 0,43 mg/mL for oxalic acid determination was obtained. This method can be applied to determination of trace level of oxalic acid.
ADSORPSI CONGO RED PADA HUMIN HASIL ISOLASI DARI TANAH HUTAN DAMAR BATURRADEN PURWOKERTO
Authors: Andreas Roy , Setyaningtyas Tien
Published: February 2017

Congo red is one of dyes-stuff in textile industry wastwater. If it is thrown directly without waste management process, the dyes could pollute environtment, especially soil. Humin has OH phenolic and carboxylic functional group which can interacted with congo red. The aim of this study is recognize humin characteristic from the soil of Baturraden resin forest, determine the adsorption capacity and isotherm adsorption pattern of congo red by humin from the soil of Baturraden resin forest. Humin in this study is isolated from the soil of Baturraden resin forest. soil cleared of gravel and dirt, then it extracted by using NaOH of nitrogen atmosphere and purified to applies mixture HCl:HF. Humin that is obtained is used to be interacted with dyes with various contact time, various of pH and concentration of congo red so that the adsorption capacities and isotherm adsorption pattern can be obtained. Result of the study showed that the humin has water content 34.92 %, dust content 8.64 %, total acidity 475 cmol/Kg, carboxylic rate 272.5 cmol/Kg, and OH Phenolic rate 202.5 cmol/Kg. The optimum contact time of congo red adsorption by humin is 40 minutes, with optimum pH is 7, adsorption capacities 57.14 mg/g and isotherm adsorption pattern of congo red by humin is follow the pattern of Langmuir isotherm adsorption.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU DI DESA KALISARI KECAMATAN CILONGOK DENGAN METODE MULTI SOIL LAYERING
Authors: Irmanto Irmanto , Suyata Suyata
Published: February 2017

Tofu industry is one of the industries which causing pollution on the environment especially water environment. The amount of wastewater-dumped and the content of organic substances could damage the water ecosystem. Multi Soil Layering (MSL) as one of alternative method is used in order to remove the tofu industrial wastewater pollution. MSL is a method of wastewater treatment that enhances the function of soils to purify wastewater.The research aimed to determine optimum loading rate and efficiency of MSL system to remove TSS, BOD and COD. The wastewater on the MSL system is loaded at the loading rate varieties, i.e: 160, 320, 480, 640, and 800 lm-2 day-1, and the aeration was applied for 8 a day at 1296 ld-1.The results revealed that optimum loading rate was 320 lm-2 day-1 and efficiency of MSL system to remove TSS, BOD and COD were 78.62 % ; 98,89% and 95,53 % respectively.