bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A DEEP LEARNING BASED SLEEPNESS AND WAKEFULNESS DETECTION FOR DRIVERS
Authors: IŞIK Şahin , ANAGÜN Yıldıray
Published: December 2021

Falling asleep while driving is a major part of road accidents. Traffic accidents can be considered as a public health problem and several factors like drugs, driving without rest, sleep disorders, alcohol consumption affect sleep deprivation. Furthermore, drivers are also unaware of falling asleep situations, such as highway hypnosis. All these factors cause accidents while driving and are often fatal. A good background should be provided for drivers to implement effective driver warning systems and other countermeasures just before the accident. In this study, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) deep learning based driver warning system has been proposed to prevent road accidents. The Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals of the drivers are processed instantaneously to check whether they go into sleep or not. Experimental studies have been carried out on two different human data sets as sleep mode and awake mode. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method and show its superiority over other state-of-the art methods.
YÜKSEK DERİŞİMDE FOSFORÖZ ASİTTEN POTASYUM FOSFİT TUZLARI ÜRETİMİNDE REAKTÖR İŞLETİM TÜRÜNÜN ETKİSİ
Authors: YİLMAZER HİTİT Zeynep , AYGENER Pınar , AK Elmas , KESENCİ Kemal , ERTUNÇ Suna , AKAY Bülent
Published: December 2021

Fosforoz asit ve potasyum hidroksitin ekzotermik nötralleşmesi tepkimesi sonucu oluşan monopotasyum fosfit ve dipotasyum fosfit tuzlarının üretiminde kullanılacak reaktör sistemin geliştirilmesi için tepkimeye ilişkin bilinmeyen unsurların saptanması, tepkimenin gerçekleştirileceği reaktörün ve işletim türünün, stokiyometrik oranın tespiti gerçekleştirilmiştir. Reaksiyon kinetiğinin bulunması için farklı derişim oranlarında fosforoz asit ve potasyum hidroksit çözeltileri hazırlanarak deneyler yapılmıştır. Tepkimeyle açığa çıkan ısının işletim türüyle ilişkisini incelemek için deneyler yarı-kesikli, kesikli ve sürekli işletim türlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ekzotermik reaksiyon sonucu oluşabilecek patlama, sıçrama gibi durumların etkisini gözlemleyebilmek, ürün spesifikasyonlarını değerlendirmek için deneyler asit üzerine baz ve baz üzerine asit beslemesi şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İki deney setinde de bir farklılık olmadığı saptanmıştır. Aynı zamanda yapılan deneyler sonucunda tepkime stokiyometrisinin 1:1.5 (asit:baz) molarite oranında gerçekleştirilmesi gerektiği ortaya konulmuştur. Yarı-kesikli reaktör sistemi yerine borusal bir reaktör sisteminde girdilerin reaktör boyunca belirli aralıklarla beslenmesini ve böylece ani patlama, sıçrama, sıcaklık yükselmesi ve reaksiyon hızının önüne geçilmesini sağlayacak aynı zamanda da bu besleme yöntemiyle ürün verimliliğini artırmayı amaçlayan bir borusal reaktör tasarlanmıştır. Deney sonucunda istenilen pH değeri olan 6.5 civarına ulaşılmış, reaktör içerisindeki sıcaklık kontrol edilebilmiş, istenen derişimlerde potasyum ve fosfor içeren ürün elde edilmiştir.
TANE MORFOLOJİSİNİN KABARCIK-TANE YAPIŞMA SÜRESİNE VE FLOTASYON VERİMİNE OLAN ETKİSİ
Authors: GÜVEN Onur
Published: December 2021

Tanelerin ıslanabilirlik özelliklerindeki farklarından faydalanan bir zenginleştirme yöntemi olan “flotasyon” prosesinde, verimin arttırılması için ortam özelliklerinin yanı sıra, tanelerin fiziksel özelliklerinin de değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda tane morfolojisinin analiz edilmesi, kabarcık-tane işlemleri kadar, tane-tane etkileşimlerinin de ortaya konulması açısından oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı morfolojik özelliklere sahip cam küresi tanelerinin flotasyon karakteristiklerinin yanı sıra kabarcık-tane sürelerindeki değişimlerde incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak artan pürüzlülük ve azalan yuvarlaklık değerlerinde daha düşük kabarcık-tane yapışma süreleriyle beraber, daha yüksek flotasyon verimleri elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar tane üretim yöntemlerinin kontrolü ile verimlerin arttırılabileceğine dair ışık tutmaktadır.
Insecure attachment and depression in adulthood
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Kuftyak E. , Slusarev A. ,   Main Military Hospital named after acad. N.N. Burden, Ivanitskaya M. ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation,   First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov
Published: December 2021

The article provides an overview of insecure attachment and depression studies in adulthood. The relationship between childhood abuse, the development of insecure attachment, maladaptive personality traits, behavioral repertoire, and affective disorders is indicated. The generalized model of attachment insecurity associated with affective pathology in adulthood is suggested.
Narcissism and anxiety level of Azerbaijani and Russian students with different assessments of autostereotypes of behavior
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Pishchik V.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work is to identify differences in the degree of narcissism and the level of anxiety in a group of Russian and Azerbaijani students with different assessments of autostereotypes of behavior. Narcissism of youth is considered non-clinical, as a psychological component of youth culture, a manifestation in response to cultural, political, economic transformations in modern society. The method of assessing narcissism, the scale of anxiety manifestations, the method of determining stereotypes of normative attitudes of social behavior were used. The sample consisted of 340 representatives of Russian and 234 ‒ Azerbaijani nationality aged from 19 to 25 years (M=21.1; SD=7.93). Shifts were revealed (from 2017 to 2019) in the direction of increasing data among Russian students by sub-scales: "Derealization/Depersonalization”;" Social isolation”; "Grandiose Self”;" Striving for an ideal Self-object”; “Narcissistic benefit from illness”. In the group of Azerbaijanis, there were increases in the subscales: "The ideal of self-sufficiency” Conclusions: the difference of shifts with the tendency to increase narcissism in the group of Russian students was found. Narcissism and anxiety are more pronounced in the group of Russian students. The autostereotypes of the behavior of Russian students are in the zone of indidvidualism. A group of Azerbaijani students is influenced by the national culture, which restrains the manifestations of narcissism and anxiety. The autostereotypes of Azerbaijani behavior are in the zone of collectivism: activity, patriotism, respect for elders.
Soviet man as sociocultural type
Authors:   Institute of Psychology RAS, Yurevitch A.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the evolution of attitudes towards the psychological characteristics of the Soviet man in national socio-humanitarian science. The author shows that there are three positions on this issue. The first, dating back to the time when it was impossible to write about the negative qualities of the Soviet personality, is based on singling out exclusively its positive properties. The second, characteristic of the time when the “fashion for repentance” was relevant, consists in associating the Soviet person mainly with negative qualities. The third, more objective position, which has established itself in recent years, is that both positive and negative properties coexisted in Soviet people. The author draws a distinction between the early Soviet “tough” totalitarian regime and the late Soviet — “softened” one, demonstrating, in particular, that the split personality of the Soviet man in the late Soviet period was the output of that era. An attempt is made to single out the subtypes of the late Soviet man, covering such categories as “faithful”, “cosmopolitan” and “detached”, the relationship between which served as a psychological basis for what happened during our reforms.
VI international scientific and practical conference “Actual problems of mass consciousness research”
Authors:   Penza State University, Konstantinov V. , Khashchenko N. ,   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

On March 19-20, 2021 the Sixth International Scientific and Practical Conference “Actual problems of mass consciousness research” was organized by Penza State University. The work of the forum was organized in the format of on-line broadcasting on Zoom platform and in the social network VKontakte. Participants discussed current problems of mass consciousness phenomenon: psychological and social mechanisms for the promotion of worldviews, socio-psychological aspects of cultural transmission, the impact of the global pandemic COVID-19 on mental health and many others. The issues raised at the conference are the most acute psychological, anthropological and philosophical challenges for science and society, and their discussion enabled the participants of the forum to affirm the positive experience of overcoming these problems.
Intensity of information exposure as a psycho-traumatic factor in a viral threat situation
Authors:   Federal State-financed Establishment of Science, Institute of Psychology RAS, Bykhovets Yu.
Published: December 2021

A review of research into psychological impact of the viral threat COVID-19 is presented. It is proposed that a pandemic should be seen as a traumatic stressor. A comparison of different types of "invisible" threats is given: the threat of radiation contamination, the threat of terrorist acts to indirect victims and the viral threat. The main distinguishing features of the viral threat are the multifactorial nature of the impact, the totality of dissemination and the control/prevention of contamination. The key role of the media in shaping psychopathological signs in populations in epidemic situations is identified. Studies examining the psychological consequences of experiencing a viral threat (anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatization, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders) during a pandemic are reviewed. A comparative analysis of the severity of psychopathological symptoms in different population groups during and before the pandemic was performed.
“Pavlovian” session: a new reading
Authors:   Lobachevsky state University of Nizhny Novgorod, Stoyukhina N. , Zhuravlev A. L. ,   Institute of Psychology RAS
Published: December 2021

An attempt was made to take a fresh look at a significant event for Soviet science that happened more than 70 years ago – the Joint scientific session of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, dedicated to the problems of the physiological doctrine of academician I.P. Pavlov (June 28 – July 4, 1950). The memoirs of contemporaries of that memorable event were analyzed based on a new reading of the speeches of the participants, published in the verbatim record of the scientific session. For the first time, authors examined the report of the physiologist M.M. Koltsova, who was considered one of those who wanted and offered to “close” psychology. Also, for the first time in historiography of the “Pavlovian” session, authors analyzed the unfulfilled (but published in the verbatim record) speech of the employee of the Institute of philosophy of the USSR Academy of Sciences S.A. Petrushevsky, in which he highlighted the state of contemporary psychology in the USSR and outlined the prospects for its development. As a significant result of the analysis of the materials reflected in the verbatim record authors considered the fact that in the texts of the speeches and in the resolution of the session there was not found an extremely (sharply) negative mention of psychology and psychologists, therefore, the opinion of some authors about the existing decision to “close” psychology, expressed in the session, has not yet been confirmed. Some consequences of this scientific event were considered: the teaching of I.P. Pavlov began to spread directively; after the death of I.V. Stalin the interest in Pavlov's works declined; there were words about the urgent need to create a special psychological institution in the system of the USSR Academy of Sciences. It is shown that the session caused a high activity of psychologists, which led to the strengthening of its methodological positions and scientific-organizational structures.
Thematic online forums as a space for decision making on emigration and overcoming pre-acculturation stress
Authors:   Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University, Gritsenko V. , Efremenkova M. N. ,   Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Murashcenkova N. V. ,   National Research University 'Higher School of Economics, Busel-Kuchinskaya E. N. ,   Masherov Vitebsk State University, Mikhailova E. L. ,   Masherov Vitebsk State University, Fofanova G. A. ,   Belarusian State University
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study: psychological analysis of the content and key topics of Russian online forums on emigration in order to determine their potential role in the development and implementation of emigration intentions, as well as in the prevention and overcoming pre-acculturation stress in participants. The data sample consisted of 1,863 publicly available messages published between March 2019 and February 2020 in five most popular thematic online forums. A qualitative method of thematic analysis of data was used as the most appropriate to the nature of the material being analyzed and the purpose of the study. The main groups of users of these forums are identified: “potential emigrants”, “real emigrants”, “returning emigrants”. The contents of the key semantic subtopics corresponding to the main stages of the emigration process are presented: “decision making on emigration”, “emigration implementation”, “acculturation”, “returning migration”. The informational, communicative, supporting, stimulating functions of online forums and their role in the development of emigration intentions are disclosed. The risks and possible negative consequences of participating in such forums in the event of uncritical perception of the information broadcast by participants are shown.
Psychometric examination of the Russian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scales-21
Authors:   HSE University, Zolotareva Alena
Published: December 2021

The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is one of the most common instruments for assessing psychological distress [2]. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Russian DASS-21. The participants were 1,153 Russian-speaking adults aged 18 to 84 years. In addition to the Russian DASS-21, the participants completed the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). A series of confirmatory factor analyses showed the bifactor structure of the Russian DASS-21, full invariance by gender and partial invariance by age. The Russian DASS-21 scores were negatively correlated with the SF-36 scores and positively associated with the SCL-90-R scores, suggesting the convergent validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.90, 0.85 and 0.91 for the depression, anxiety, and stress subscales, and 0.95 for the general psychological distress score, indicating the internal reliability. Thus, the Russian DASS-21 is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used for screening and monitoring psychological distress in Russian-speaking respondents.
Social psychology of group and personality in changing Russia (to the 85-th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Chernyshev)
Authors:   FSFEE “Kursk State University”, Sarychev Sergei , Larina G. N. ,   FSFEE “Kursk State University”, Elizarov Sergei ,   FSFEE “Kursk State University”
Published: December 2021

In honor of the 85-th anniversary of his birth, the scientific views of the outstanding Russian social psychologist A.S. Chernyshev are presented, his contribution to the development of the theory of small groups and collectives, methods of social psychology and other areas of psychological science is noted. It is shown how ideas and developments were embodied in the activities of the psychological education service, in the social education of young people, in the psychological education of the population. His role as the leader of the Kursk scientific school in social and educational psychology is revealed.
Greco-Serbian Treaty of 1867 and the role of Russian diplomacy
Authors:   Institute of Slavic studies, Russian Academy оf Sciences, Gkiourtzidis Agathangelos
Published: December 2021

The Greco-Serbian Treaty of 1867 is the second attempt to create a military coalition of Christian states in the Balkans, aimed at fighting a common enemy ‒ the Ottoman Empire. The agreement reflected the irredentist policy of the two states in solving the Eastern question, the purpose of which was to expel the Turks from the European continent and prevent the seizure of the Balkan territories by the Great Powers.Russia closely followed and moreover, actively influenced the negotiation process, which revealed a serious conflict of interests around the issue of border delimitation in Macedonia.The study highlights three key issues. The first concerns Russia's position on the provisions of the Greco-Serbian Treaty affecting Russian interests. The second has to do with the details of the negotiation process related to the future territorial division of the European territories of the Ottoman Empire and in particular Macedonia and the Bulgarian population living in the northern part of this territory. The third is devoted to the examination of the intermediary role of Russian diplomats.
The image of Constantinople in poems on the pages of the Russian press during the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878
Authors:   Saratov State Univercity, Kochukova Olga , Kochukov Sergey ,   State Archives of the Saratov Region
Published: December 2021

The article examines the role of poetic journalism in the construction of the image of Constantinople in the Russian press during the Russian-Turkish war of 1877–1878. The authors examine the ideological, political and cultural origins of the «Constantinople myth», reveal the characteristic features of the symbolic opposition «Istanbul – Constantinople». The article compares the image of Constantinople in poems, journalistic and memoir sources.
And yet it turns («Three Romes» in the Mikhail Bulgakov’s «Flight»)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Yablokov Evgeny
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the symbolic plot of the Bulgakov’s play «Flight» – especially the images of the three «Romes» formed in the subtext. The parody image of the “second” Rome / Constantinople / Tsaregrad is of primary importance. The dominant place in the city space is occupied by a «spinner»with a cockroach races, which is owned by the burlesque-infernal «king» Arthur. Constantinople / «second» Rome acts as the «epicenter» of earthly, historical life (of general «run») and at the same time it appears in a buffoonery theatrical, «profane» form. The connotations of the «first» (eternal) Rome in the play are connecting with Khludov, who ultimately prefers «heavenly» being to the earthly world. The associations with the «third» Rome, contrary to tradition, do not refer to Moscow (this toponym is not mentioned in the play at all), but to Kiev.
Restoration of the Old Believer Church Hierarchy: from Bukovina to Moscow
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Sviridonova Anna
Published: December 2021

This article is a review of materials from one of the influential Old Believer magazines that covered the problems that accompanied the restoration of the church hierarchy of the Old Orthodox (Old Believer) Church of Christ in the sphere of higher church government. The Consecrated Council of 1846 in Belaya Krynitsa restored the conciliar tradition of the Church, although discussions about the format and composition of the Councils continued in subsequent years.
Two views on Serbian politics. N.V. Charykov and P.A. Kapnist about the internal political situation in the kingdom of Serbia and in the Balkans at the beginning of the XX century
Authors:   MGIMO MFA of Russia, Vishnyakov Yaroslav
Published: December 2021

The article is based on the reports of Russian diplomats ‒ Ambassador to Vienna Count Kapnist and Envoy to Belgrade Charykov – and it reveals little-known nuances of Russian-Serbian relations at the beginning of the XX century. These documents are a valuable source material which illustrates the contradictory course of Russian diplomacy in the region. It can be traced that Russia tried to benefit from settlement of the Balkan issue and, consequently, became a hostage to the ambitions of the political elite of the young Balkan states.
Constantinople in the «Journey to Istanbul» by Joseph Brodsky
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arzhakova Larisa
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the Joseph Brodsky's essay «Journey to Istanbul». The author considers one of the central subjects of the essay, which is connected with the plans of the Emperor Constantine for the foundation of New Rome and the spread of Christianity. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the reconstruction of the historical picture in the essay, the characteristics of the diverse tasks that Brodsky set for himself, as well as to the stylistic features of the essay text.The article shows that the ideological subtext, to which literary critics and colleagues in the pen often attached excessive importance, plays a rather secondary role in this habitual journey into the past for Brodsky, not to mention that the circumstance of his private life acts as an incentive for such an essay. While the idea of Constantine as emperor and the idea of Constantinople as the New Rome, which marks the idea of Christianity, comes to the fore.
Predicting the Role of SERPINA1 DNA Methylation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Anaemia and Identification of 3 Novel Methylation Sites
Authors: Anand A. Vijaya
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Anaemia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the common blood and respiratory disorders respectively. The proper lung function is maintained by the SERPINA1 gene predominantly that encodes for alpha 1 antitrypsin protein, which also regulates the iron homeostasis of the human body, whereas imbalance in the iron homeostasis may result in the anaemic condition. The altitudinal variations influence anaemia and COPD. DNA methylation is involved in the early developmental processes, which influences the gene functioning without altering the sequence. The current study has been aimed at analyzing the inter-relationship between anaemia and COPD with DNA methylation of the SERPINA1 gene under altitudinal changes. The methodology involves the DNA isolation, bisulfite conversion and sequencing of the SERPINA1 gene. The results of the current study have shown that SERPINA1 DNA methylation did not significantly involve anaemia and COPD irrespective altitudes, but 3 novel CpG sites cg94377701, cg94389678 and cg94389930 were identified in the SERPINA1 gene of anaemia and COPD patients.
India in Twenty First Century: Human Wildlife Conflicts Still Unsolved
Authors: Nautiyal Sunil
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Although India has succeeded in creation of 868 Protected Areas (PA) covering its 5.02 percent of the total geographical area; it comes with a social cost. With high population pressure and livelihood based on nature and natural resources, India is yet to find a pragmatic win-win solution for solving the problem of Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) in the twenty-first century. In the present paper, the authors discuss the nature of HWCs occurring in the country and major challenges in mitigation measures by analyzing the research trend, available literature sources, reports and with a special focus on two case studies from India, that is, Manas landscape and Indian Sundarbans based on field observations. The paper identifies there is a severe requirement of proper and authentic databases and standard methodology to evaluate the ‘ecosystem (dis)-services’ in the academic discourse. The authors also highlight their reservations about the effectiveness of ‘compensation’ as a mitigation measure
Through the Lens of Ubuntu: The Value of Partnerships and Corporate Social Responsibility towards Community Development in the City of uMhlathuze, South Africa
Authors: Mnguni Hlanganani
Published: December 2021

The paper explores partnerships among the multinational corporations (MNCs), local municipalities and host communities in a bid to establish what informs corporate social responsibility (CSR). MNCs are essential in improving the wellbeing and living standards of host communities. The philanthropic activities have to be ethical, legitimate and guided by the spirit of giving back, informed by the philosophy of ubuntu (humanity). The qualitative approach was adopted to gather in-depth understanding of the existence and nature of partnership among MNCs, local municipalities and host communities. The participants were purposefully selected based on their expert knowledge and engagement in community development initiatives. The findings indicate that CSR operations are characterised by an absence of formal partnership between MNCs and host communities. A pragmatic policy framework needs to be developed to guide the philanthropic activities aimed at enhancing the socio-economic development of host communities.
Addressing Students’ Unrest in South African Universities: The Need for a Facilitative Management Approach
Authors: Omodan Bunmi I.
Published: December 2021

This study addresses the continuous occurrence of students’ unrest in South African universities due to the alleged pseudo-collaborative management styles of universities. Experiences, literature and observation, confirmed that student-oriented unrests are unabated, and that management of universities seem to struggle to ameliorate or find a lasting solution to these issues. This study is a theoretical analysis laced with facilitative management theory. The study is located within the transformation agenda by adopting a transformative paradigm to guide the study. The suggestible solutions, which include promotion of collaborative engagement, galvanisation of public opinions, the building of listening leaders and participatory management, were discussed as a dimension of a peaceful university system. The study also recommended full implementation of collaborative engagement, respect for the opinions of all stakeholders with a listening ear and ensuring that university culture is structured to accommodate equal participation of all stakeholders
Comparative Study of Postpartum Therapeutic Batisa from Southern Rajasthan
Authors: Jain Sunita
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Southern Rajasthan is region in rich therapeutic herbal medicines and is cautious about women and neonatal health. It uses various herbs for postpartum therapeutic foods among which is a 32 Herbal Composition Formulation, which forms an important recipe. The present study states the principle 45 ingredients of Batisa and composition of this formulation in Ghee or emulsified and alcohol media. Fifteen ingredients, that is, Anethum graveolens, Areca catechu, Curculigo orchioides, Curcuma amada, Embelia ribes, Litsea glutinosa, Mesua ferrea, Myristica fragrans, Quercus infectoria, Rubia cordifolia, Sida cordifolia, Terminalia chebula, Tribulus terrestris, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Vitex negundo are common to both alcohol and Ghee based Batisa.
Interaktivnost britanskih univerzitetskih predavanja
Authors: Živković Branka
Published: December 2021

Univerzitetska predavanja pripadaju kategoriji govornih akademskih žanrova i imaju veoma važnu ulogu u tercijalnom obrazovanju. Predstavljaju unaprijed pripremljene govore i služe studentima kao primarni izvor informacija i sticanja znanja tokom studija. Predavanja su u određenom stepenu i neformalna jer sadrže karakteristike svakodnevne komunikacije, tako da se svaki segment predavanja ne može unaprijed isplanirati. Uzimajući ovo u obzir, u radu se iznosi pretpostavka da predavanja odlikuje određeni stepen interaktivnosti i ispituje se kakav stepen preovladava u britanskim univerzitetskim predavanjima iz lingvistike. Za potrebe rada analizira se 12 univerzitetskih predavanja iz lingvistike na engleskom jeziku ili ukupno 94,242 riječi. Transkripti predavanja preuzeti su iz Korpusa britanskog govornog akademskog engleskog jezika (British Academic Spoken English (BASE))3, Britanskog nacionalnog korpusa (British National Corpus (BNC))4 i sa Univerziteta u Redingu (University of Reading). Analiza pokazuje da najveći broj predavanja odlikuje srednji i visoki stepen interaktivnosti. Iako su tri predavanja monološkog tipa, zaključuje se da interaktivnost postepeno postaje karakteristika britanskih univerzitetskih predavanja iz lingvistike. Dobijeni rezultati mogu poslužiti kao osnova za dalje ispitivanje kategorije interaktivnosti u korpusu predavanja iz drugih naučnih disciplina, kao i za kontrastivnu analizu ove kategorije u korpusima predavanja na drugim jezicima.
Tránsitos y dilemas en el amor
Authors: Ospina Botero Mireya , Cardona González Yuri Paola , Bernal Vélez Isabel Cristina
Published: December 2021

Este capítulo tiene como objetivo mostrar algunos de los hallazgos de una investigación sobre poliamor y pareja abierta desarrollada en las ciudades de Pereira y Medellín. Para ello, se focaliza en identificar los tránsitos de las relaciones por distintas modalidades (monogámicas, poliamorosas y abiertas). La metodología fue cualitativa, se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad con 18 personas de Pereira y Medellín que tenían experiencias en relaciones poliamorosas o abiertas. En los resultados se muestran los hallazgos a través de dos grandes categorías: experiencia previa y nuevos acuerdos.
Poliamor: una libertad encadenada
Authors: Ospina Botero Mireya , Villada Rodríguez Laura Daniela
Published: December 2021

El presente capítulo recoge los resultados de la investigación Dinámicas y sentidos de las relaciones abiertas y poliamorosas en la ciudad de Pereira, realizada por el Centro de Familia de la Universidad Católica de Pereira, cuyo objetivo principal fue comprender las características y dinámicas de las relaciones poliamorosas y abiertas. El objeto que convoca este capítulo retoma la categoría de análisis de libertad para mostrar las concepciones que han existido alrededor de ésta en la tipología poliamorosa. Los principales hallazgos evidenciados se analizan en dos aspectos: las reglas en la polifidelidad, “libertad” poliamorosa, y la invención de la autonomía sobre el poliamor. Lo anterior, con base en la discusión de los postulados teóricos sobre poliamor y el lugar de la libertad en la historia del fenómeno amoroso.
Contradicciones y paradojas del poliamor y la pareja abierta
Authors: Ospina Botero Mireya , Villada Rodríguez Laura Daniela , Bernal Vélez Isabel Cristina
Published: December 2021

El capítulo muestra los resultados de la investigación Dinámicas y sentidos de las relaciones abiertas y poliamorosas. El propósito es favorecer la comprensión sobre la experiencia del fenómeno amoroso que viven los participantes de estas modalidades en sus paradojas y contradicciones, con respecto a sus posicionamientos en: los celos, la fidelidad, las jerarquías y la lealtad; estos aspectos vinculados con las prescripciones del paradigma del amor romántico, que se intenta superar en estas modalidades del poliamor y la relación de pareja abierta, en un intento que aún no logran y que claramente muestra la coexistencia de ambas perspectivas. La investigación tuvo una metodología cualitativa con la participación de 18 personas entre Medellín y Pereira; se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad que fueron procesadas y analizadas en perspectiva del análisis de contenido.
العوامل المؤثرة على تكوين الصورة الذهنية لشركات الاتصال
Authors: Ishag Khalid Ibrahim Abdelaziz
Published: December 2021

تناول البحث العوامل المؤثرة على تكوين الصورة الذهنية لشركات الاتصال، دراسة مسحية على مستخدمي شركة اتصالات في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة. وهدف للتعرف على العوامل المؤثرة على تكوين الصورة الذهنية الإيجابية أو السلبية لدى المستخدمين وتأثير هذه العوامل على تحقيق الغايات التي تنشدها شركات الاتصال. وتم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي وأداة الاستبانة كأداة لجمع المعلومات، وتوصلت إلى أن العوامل المؤثرة على تكوين الصورة الذهنية الإيجابية لدى المستخدمين عن شركة اتصالات هي جودة العروض والخدمات المقدمة للمستخدمين، والاستماع لشكاوى الزبائن، ودعم الأعمال الخيرية، وتنظيم المعارض والمسابقات، والإعلانات المتكررة. وأن العوامل المؤثرة على تكوين الصورة الذهنية السلبية لدى المستخدمين عن شركة اتصالات هي أن الأسعار غير مناسبة، والمعالجة البطيئة للشكاوى، وتدني جودة خدماتها، وسوء التعامل مع الزبائن. وأوصت الدراسة بالآتي: على شركات الاتصال دعم الأعمال الخيرية والاستماع لشكاوى الزبائن مع سرعة معالجتها، والاهتمام بالأنشطة الاتصالية المختلفة من مسابقات ومعارض وغير ذلك. والعمل إلى نشر رؤيتها ورسالتها عبر وسائل الإعلام المناسبة حتى تكون واضحة ومقبولة لعملائها، كما عليها شرح الحروف المكتوبة على شعارها حتى تكون معروفة للمستخدمين. بغرض تكوين الصورة الإيجابية عنها.
التوزيع الجغرافي لإنتاج لحـوم الدواجـن في العـراق وإمـكانيــات تحقيـق الاكتفــاء الـذاتـي
Authors: Kadhim Zainab Kamel
Published: December 2021

يتناول هذا البحث التوزيع الجغرافي لإنتاج لحوم الدواجن في العراق وبيان مدى التطور الذي شهد هذا النوع من الإنتاج بين سنتي 2009 و2019 ، وبيان صورة التوزيع الجغرافي لأعداد المشروعات وكمية إنتاجها في العراق، وتحديد نسبة الاكتفاء الذاتي لكل محافظة من محافظات العراق الذي اتخذ كمعيار يحدد فيه مقدار المتحقق من الاستهلاك وبيان كمية العجز على مستوى الوحدات الادارية معتمداً على الاسلوب التحليلي للبيانات ، وأستخرجت التوقعات المستقبلية لإنتاج لحوم الدواجن باستعمال دالة التنبؤ(Forecast Function) ليحقق العراق الاكتفاء الذاتي من إنتاج لحوم الدواجن على المدى البعيد وقلة الفجوة الغذائية.
منهج أبي الفداء في كتابه المختصر في أخبار البشر عن الدولة الأموية أنموذجاً
Authors: Chnaitr Mohamed Abd El-Rida
Published: December 2021

يتناول هذا البحث منهج المؤرخ أبي الفداء عماد الدين اسماعيل بن علي (ت732هــ/ 1332م) تاريخ الدولة الأموية  من خلال كتابه (المختصر في أخبار البشر)،إذ تم الوقوف من خلال البحث على المصادر والموارد التاريخية والمنهج الذي استعمله في تأليف هذا القسم، علماً أنَّ الباحثين قد تناولوا دراسات حول شخصيته وكتابه ( المختصر في أخبار البشر) الأ أنَّهم لم يعطوا لهذا القسم( الدولة الأموية ) بدراسة منهجه وموارده بالشكل الكامل والمفصل، وهذا ما سوف نثبته من خلال بحثنا.

       إنَّ هذه الدراسة قد اعتمدت بالضرورة على كتاب (المختصر في أخبار البشر)، كمصدر لها، ولذا تضاءلت الاستفادة من المصادر الأخرى في مواضع كثيرة وفي مساحة واسعة منها، ومن هذا المنطق حاولنا أن نقوم بدراسة علمية حول هذا الموضوع واخترنا ابا الفداء لأنَّ أحد المؤرخين الذين وضع منهجاً خاصاً في كتابته للتاريخ، الذي انعكس بذلك في كتابته للدولة الأموية ، وتهدف هذه الدراسة الى الكشف والبيان عن منهج أبي الفداء في كتابة تاريخ الدولة الأموية ، وابتعدنا في بحثنا عن المقارنة أو التحليل فيما ذكره أبو الفداء مع بقية المصادر الأخرى، لأنَّ هدف الدراسة هو البحث في منهجه وموارده التي استعمله في تدوين أحداث تاريخ الدولة الأموية.
Reinforcement Learning Approach for Adaptive e-Learning Based on Multiple Learner Characteristics
Authors: Oyuga Anne Dan , Maina Elizaphan
Published: December 2021

We introduce a novel three stepwise model of adaptive e-learning using multiple learner characteristics. We design a model of a learner attributes enlisting the study domain, summary details of the student and the requirements of the student. We include the theories of learning style to categorize and identify specific individuals so as to improve their experience on the online learning platform and apply it in the model. The affective state extraction model which extracts learner emotions from text inputs during the platform interactions. We finally pass the system extracted information the adaptivity domain which uses the off-policy Q-learning model free algorithm (Jang et al., 2019) to structure the learning path into tutorials, lectures and workshops depending on predefined constraints of learning. Simulated results show better adaptivity incases of multiple characteristics as opposed to single learner characteristics. Further research to include more than three characteristics as in this research.
Evaluating the Impact of Alcohol Abstinence on the Cognitive Functioning of Adults Diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Mofokeng Erengai E. , Mostert Sonja N.
Published: December 2021

Research supports the relation between chronic alcohol use and progressive cognitive impairment but alcohol rehabilitation facilities mainly focus on psycho-social factors with limited emphasis on cognitive impairment and recovery. This study evaluated the impact of alcohol abstinence on cognitive functioning; specifically, visuospatial attention, working memory and abstract reasoning on two different occasions using the WAIS-IVSA battery. A pre-test–post-test design was used to assess patients diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Differences in cognitive functioning from phase 1 (3-4 days after admission) and phase 2 (14 days after phase 1) were measured. A paired samples t-test was conducted using SPSS version 27. A statistically significant increase in AUD patients’ visuospatial scores was found when comparing phase 1 and 2 (M=7.11, SD=2.07), t(8)=3.42, p=.009. No statistically significant differences were observed for working memory and abstract reasoning. We conclude that the findings can be used to guide, and improve the development of future intervention programs to emphasize the value of cognitive recovery.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Origanum vulgare L. and Origanum Majorana L. Ethanolic Extracts in Vitro
Authors:   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Mashhadi Fatemeh , Ghorbani Nohooji Majid ,   Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Karaj, Iran., Yaraee Roya ,   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Many plants possess therapeutic properties against infectious and non-infectious diseases, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Plants may have immunomodulatory properties, too. In this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects and toxic properties of ethanolic extract from the Lamiaceae family on macrophage, lymphocyte, and B Cell Leukemia (BCL-1) in vitro. Materials and Methods: Plant samples were purchased, and the ethanolic extract from their leaves was prepared by dissolving them in ethanol (maceration) for 48 hours. The obtained ethanolic extract was dried at room temperature. The normal lymphocytes and macrophages extracted from BALB/c mice and BCL-1 were cultured with different concentrations of the extracts for 24 hours. MTT assay was performed to evaluate proliferation, and Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH)-based cytotoxicity was measured. Results: We found that ethanolic extracts at a concentration of 1 mg/mL significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation (47% by Origanum vulgare and 95% by Origanum majorana compared to the control group). Also, the activity of macrophages increased 35% after O. vulgare administration and 23% after O. majorana administration at a dose of 1 mg/mL. Furthermore, LDH results prove that O. vulgare and O. majorana (1 mg/mL) had no toxic effect on normal lymphocytes and macrophages. The finding of the MTT assay showed that extracts of O. vulgare (with IC50 of 1.04 mg/mL) and O. majorana (with IC50 of 1.6 mg/mL) could significantly suppress the growth of BCL-1. Conclusion: The O. vulgare and O. majorana extract with immunomodulatory effects increased the proliferation and activities of lymphocytes and macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the tested extracts were showed significant anticancer activity.
Wogonin Stimulation of Cell Death and Reducing Survivin in MDM-MB231 Breast Tumors
Authors:   Immunoregulation Research Center of Shahed University, Tehran. Iran., Adibzadeh Sereshgi Mohammad Mehdi , Mashayekhi Ainaz ,   Department of Genetics, Student of Master Science of Genetics, School of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Norbazargan Hasan ,   Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: December 2021

Background: Wogonin as a flavonoid compound is known for its anticancer effect through growth control, differentiation, and apoptosis. This study investigates the possible activity of wogonin in inducing cell death of breast tumors MDA-MB231. Materials and Methods: The level of cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. Cycle analysis and the apoptotic rate were assessed by flow cytometry. mRNA level of Bax, Bcl-2, p53, and survivin was evaluated by real-time PCR. Western blot was utilized to assert the relative protein expression. Results: Wogonin inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB231 over time, and in particular, wogonin can induce the arrest of phase G1 of MDA-MB231 cells. The apoptosis of wogonin was related to a remarkable decrease in Bcl-2 and survivin and an increment in p53 and Bax. Wogonin also significantly elevated the active apoptotic forms of caspase-3, -8, -9. Z-DEVD-FMK, a specific inhibitor of caspase-3, remarkably inhibits cellular apoptosis caused by wogonin. Wogonin suppresses PI3K/Akt phosphorylation and ERK-derived phosphorylation. PD98059, a specific ERK inhibitor, significantly blocked the apoptosis caused by wogonin. Also, LY294002, a specific suppressor of PI3K, remarkably elevates the cellular apoptosis caused by wogonin. Various studies demonstrated that LY294002 not only modulates the expression of the survivin gene alone but also enhances the suppression of the expression of survivin with wogonin. Conclusion: The apoptotic role of wogonin is observed by the triggering caspases and ERK and is associated with the suppressive pathways of the PI3K/Akt/survivin signal in the MDA-MB231 cells.
Evaluation of Health and Social Inequalities in the Occurrence of Different Types of Chronic Stress and Their Effect on Immunoregulation
Authors:   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Vaez Mahdav Mohamad Reza , Nasiri Leila ,   Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Ghazanfari Tooba ,   Immunoregulation Research Center , Shahed University< Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Inequality in health and its multiple dimensions is an essential aspect of social injustice. Several studies have shown that mental and physical health in adulthood is not a phenomenon independent of one’s childhood. Those from lower socioeconomic status have higher mortality and shorter life expectancy. Individualism and utilitarianism in social relationships have led to a wide range of social instability, poverty, deprivation, and inequality in societies. In addition to widespread social effects, they have made harmful consequences on the basic vital systems and organs through interference with multiple biological processes. In modern societies, people live in highly stressful situations, and several studies have pointed a strong relationship between the higher prevalence of diseases and social and physiological stresses. Studies of normal and experimental situations also showed their significant effects on the immune response. Accordingly, increased incidence of invasive behaviors has been associated with increased cytokines and immune-cellular activity in animal studies. According to the stimulus type and contact duration, chronic stress influences both innate and acquired immune factors. Stress affects the immune system via activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and affects the innate immune agents such as monocytes, macrophages, and proinflammatory cytokines, causing the increase of stress hormones (glucocorticoid-catecholamines). Chronic stress influences the acquired immune components by changing the immune cell population and altering the balance between immune cells and their secreted cytokine levels.
Autologous Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for Labored Pregnant Patients With COVID-19
Authors:   School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ashtar Nakhaei Nazanin , Norooznezhad Amir Hossein ,   Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the most critical health issues in the world. According to the findings, systemic proinflammatory cytokine release is associated with the pathogenesis of cytokine storm, contributing to morbidities and even mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Among pregnant patients diagnosed with COVID-19, preterm labor is one of the most crucial side effects, with a prevalence of up to 63.8% in some studies. As well as cytokine storm, proinflammatory cytokines are involved in preterm labor. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) transplantation has been used in different trials to suppress inflammation in many inflammatory diseases. MSCs have also been successfully applied to treat patients diagnosed with COVID-19, considering the cytokine storm in these patients. So, it is possible to use the transplantation of MSCs derived from the maternal side of the placenta as an autologous product to suppress cytokine storm in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19. The autologous transplantation of MSCs helps to suppress cytokine storm and systemic inflammation. Inhibition of systemic cytokine release could prevent poor outcomes, especially mortality and morbidities in the mentioned patients.
The Similar Clinical and Laboratory Findings of COVID-19 in Family Members
Authors:   Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran., Ghazanfari Tooba
Published: December 2021

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The Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in Pregnant Women: A Review Study
Authors:   Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadi Katayon , Amiri-Farahani Leila ,   Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background: Despite all the positive effects of physical activity on maternal and fetal health, its level is low among pregnant women. Various barriers seem to prevent physical activity during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate and determine the barriers to physical activity during pregnancy based on a review of available literature. Methods: To review the available literature, the authors searched Persian databases, such as Iran Medex, Magiran, MedLib, and SID, and also English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and ProQuest using the keywords of pregnant woman, physical activity, exercise, barriers, pregnancy, constraints, and attitudes individually or in combination between 2000 and 2020 and finally, 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. An ecological model was used to classify the reported barriers. Results: Seven quantitative articles and three qualitative articles were included in the study. Obstacles related to the intrapersonal level of the ecological model were the most reported in these studies and were classified into five areas, including pregnancy symptoms and limitations, time constraints, misunderstanding the adequacy of daily activities, lack of motivation, and maternal and fetus safety concerns. Barriers at the interpersonal level included lack of consultation and information and lack of social support and at the environmental, organizational, and political levels, climate and lack of resources were the most reported barriers. Conclusion: The present study outlined the perceived barriers to physical activity among pregnant women and highlighted the important factors that should be considered when planning interventions to increase the level of physical activity during pregnancy. Further studies are recommended to provide solutions to overcome these barriers and increase the activity of pregnant women.