bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined Oral Contraceptives for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pro and Contra (Review)
Authors: Mazerkina I. A. , Davydov I. G. , Alyautdina O. S.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the main cause of female infertility. Clinical practice guidelines on PCOS recommend combined oral contraceptives (COCs) as first-line therapy. Given the association of PCOS with a number of clinical conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, anxiety and depressive disorders, an increased risk of endometrial cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, it is important to describe and systematise data on the benefits and risks associated with COCs.

AIM. This study aimed to review current data on the use of COCs in PCOS, focusing on the rationality of prescribing, the main risks of using COCs, and the measures to minimise these risks.

DISCUSSION. Hirsutism is the most prominent clinical manifestation of hyperandrogenism; in PCOS, its prevalence is 65–75%. COCs containing progestins with anti-androgenic properties are effective in treating hirsutism and superior to anti-androgens alone. Women with PCOS are at increased risk of endometrial cancer due to prolongation of the oestrogen-dependent proliferative phase. This risk can be mitigated by the normalising effect of COCs on the menstrual cycle and the effect of the progestin component of COCs. This review highlights the controversial nature of data on the association of COCs with emerging or exacerbating mental disorders, impaired glucose tolerance, and arterial hypertension/other cardiovascular risks in PCOS. Since the main safety issue with COCs is their thrombogenicity, clinicians should take special care when prescribing medicinal products from this group to PCOS patients. Data on the effect of COCs on fertility in women with PCOS are limited, but there is published evidence of an adverse effect of long-term use of COCs on the results of assisted reproductive technologies.

CONCLUSIONS. The key benefit of the non-contraceptive use of COCs in PCOS is in treating hyperandrogenism, mainly hirsutism. To achieve effect, the patient should take COCs containing progestins with anti-androgenic properties for at least 6 months. PCOS patients can also use COCs for contraception. Clinicians prescribing COCs to women with PCOS should consider the individual patient context, the aim of treatment, and any potential risks associated with COCs.
Determination of Elemental Impurities in Gelatine Capsules by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Shchukin V. M. , Kuz’mina N. E. , Matveeva O. A. , Shvetsova Yu. N. , Zhigilei E. S.
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION. Gelatine capsules are an essential dosage form used for many medicinal products. Gelatine capsules are subject to quality control in accordance with the requirements of the general monograph on capsules of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. This monograph does not standardise the content of elemental impurities, as these impurities are controlled at the raw material level. However, the equipment and excipients used in the production of gelatine capsule shells may be additional sources of impurities. Preliminary screening for chemical elements will help to assess the need for limiting elemental impurities in gelatine capsule shells.

AIM. This study aimed to identify the chemical elements that contribute to gelatine capsule shell contamination the most by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, to list the elements requiring specification, and to limit their content from a risk-based pharmaceutical quality control perspective.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study used 18 samples of hard gelatine capsules by different national and international manufacturers. The elemental analysis was performed using an Agilent 7900 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies).

RESULTS. The As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, and V content in gelatine capsule shells did not exceed the permitted daily exposure (PDE) thresholds for oral dosage forms specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. Ag, Au, Cd, Hg, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Se, Sn, or Tl were not detected in any of the samples within the established detection limits. The Fe content in 67% of the tested shell samples was above the safety-based PDE for medical gelatine.

CONCLUSIONS. The greatest contributors to gelatine capsule shell contamination are Al, Fe, and Zn. The lack of established PDE thresholds for these elements presents a challenge in assessing the risks of adverse effects associated with ingesting these elements with gelatine capsules.
El régimen legal del cambio climático en el ámbito internacional y en Argentina: antes y después del acuerdo de París
Authors: Flores Ailén Sol
Published: July 2024

La construcción del régimen jurídico relativo al cambio climático es el resultado de un largo camino en donde primero fue necesario un consenso científico para generar interés político y converger en instrumentos legales a nivel internacional, que posteriormente fueron replicados en los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales. El objetivo del trabajo es realizar una caracterización y análisis del desarrollo del régimen legal del cambio climático desde sus principales antecedentes e hitos, sus objetivos y estructura normativa a nivel internacional y a nivel nacional en Argentina. La metodología es cualitativa, se aplica el método documental y bibliográfico a través del análisis de documentos públicos, estudios académicos, la hermenéutica jurídica y el análisis de contenido en la legislación nacional e internacional. El régimen internacional presenta un carácter altamente evolutivo. Por otro lado, en Argentina el régimen es incipiente, aunque se han producido avances significativos a nivel normativo y respecto del desarrollo de políticas públicas en consonancia con las tendencias internacionales.
Endothelial functional status in patients with a comorbid course of metabolic dysfunction­­­­associated steatotic liver disease and arterial hypertension
Authors: Zhelezniakova N. M. , Aleksandrova T. M. , Molodan V. I. , Panchenko G. Y.
Published: July 2024

Objective — to investigate endothelial functional state in patients with a comorbid course of metabolic dysfunction­­­­associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and arterial hypertension (AH).
Materials and methods. Examinations involved 102 patients, who were allocated into three groups: the main group included 40 patients with MASLD and AH comorbid course; the comparison group consisted of 42 patients with isolated MASLD course, and control group included 20 relatively healthy subjects. The mean patients’ age was 46.23±9.3 years. All patients underwent a collection of complaints, anamnesis, physical and general clinical examination, measurement of blood pressure (BP), daily BP monitoring, determination of endothelial dysfunction indicators (endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), uric acid (UA), fibrinogen, endothelium­­­­dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery (EDV BA).
Results. Significantly decreased levels of eNOS (p=0.001), EDV BA (p=0.001), and increased levels of UA (p <0.05) and fibrinogen (p <0.05) were revealed in the groups of patients with MASLD and AH combined course in comparison with the group of patients with isolated MASLD, as well as in comparison of these groups with the control group (p1 <0.01, p2 <0.01). Thus, the average eNOS levels in patients with comorbid pathology was 295.6±35.67 pg/ml, 356.7±28.34 pg/ml in the group of patients with isolated MASLD and 431.5±25.65 pg/ml in the control group. The average of EDV BA levels among examined patients were the following: 2.11±0.67% in patients with MASLD and AH, 2.15±0.48% in the group of isolated MASLD, and 3.07±0.56% in the control group. The following average UA level were defined: 406.4±25.6 µmol/l in patients with comorbid pathology, 369.3±27.8 µmol/l in the group of patients with MASLD, and (308, 9±15.7) µmol/l in the control group. The average level of fibrinogen in patients with the comorbid course of MASLD and AH was 4.4±1.4 g/l, 3.8±1.3 g/l in patients with isolated MASLD, and 2, 4±1.1 g/l in the control group. In addition, significantly decreased levels of eNOS (p=0.01), EDV BA (p=0.01), and increased levels of UA (p <0.01) were found in patients with MASLD against the background of AH stage II in comparison with patients with MASLD and AH stage I.
Conclusions. Analysis of the levels of indicators of endothelial functional state demonstrated correlation between endothelial dysfunction and MASLD development and progression of AH in patients with MASLD and AH comorbid course.
Clinical and instrumental characteristics of cardiogenic ischemic stroke caused by acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Muravska O. M. , Troyan O. I. , Muravskiy A. V. , Sydorenko O. F. , Marushchenko M. O.
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical, neurological, cardiac, hemodynamic and neuroimaging characteristics of cardiogenic ischemic stroke (IS) caused by myocardial infarction (MI).
Materials and methods. We examined 142 patients who suffered IS in the acute (up to 10 days) and postinfarction (up to 6 months) periods of MI. The control group consisted of 34 people who had no signs of cardiac and cerebrovascular pathology. Clinical‑neurological and cardiological examination; neuropsychological examination; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, ultrasound imaging of extra‑ and intracranial vessels — transcranial Doppler and transcranial duplex scanning, electrocardiography (ECG), transthoracic echocardiography were used.
Results. In the acute period of MI, HDS developed more often, and in the postinfarction period — CES. The most common cause of IS was anterior‑apical septal and anterolateral MI with Q‑wave. In CES, aneurysm and thrombosis of the LV, dilatation and thrombosis of the LA, aneurysm of the interventricular septum were more often detected in both periods of MI. Heart rhythm disturbances were detected: in HDS — AV block II—III degree; in CES — paroxysmal form of AF. According to MRI data, in HDS, the foci of ischemia were localized mainly in the deep cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and brainstem; in CES — in the cortical‑subcortical regions of the left frontal lobe, and the formation of multiple «dumb» foci of ischemia and hemorrhagic transformation was characteristic. The occlusion of extra‑ and intracranial arteries on the side of cerebral infarction was caused by cardiogenic embolism due to MI. Hemodynamically insignificant stenoses of the main arteries of the head in GDI worsened blood flow in their blood supply pool in the acute period of MI.
Conclusions. It is recommended that all patients with IS caused by MI should undergo a detailed cardiac and neurological examination. The clinical, neurological, cardiac, hemodynamic and neuroimaging characteristics of cardiogenic IS caused by MI will allow to optimize therapy.
Assessment of clinical and biochemical parameters as indicators of ageing at wartime
Authors: Kolesnikova O. V. , Radchenko A. O. , Zaprovalna O. Y. , Emelyanova N. Y.
Published: July 2024

Objective — to evaluate clinical and biochemical parameters and related differences in the rate of aging in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) during the year 2023.
Materials and methods. Examinations involved 39 patients with AH with a median age of 51.4 [46.9; 63.2] years, from them 27 were men (69.2%). Examinations were performed twice: at baseline and after the treatment and preventive activities. Depending on the time of the follow‑up visit, patients were divided into two groups, comparable by gender: group 1 with follow up visit conducted up to 27 weeks after first evaluation (n=19), group 2 with follow up visit conducted at more than 27 weeks (n=20). The assessment of phenotypic age (PA) and delta age (ΔPA) as markers of aging was conducted according to the DNAm PhenoAge calculation method (M. E. Levine, 2018).
Results. The significant changes have been revealed in the following parameters: waist circumference (WC) (p=0.008), absolute lymphocyte count (p=0.003), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p=0.032), red cell distribution width (RDW) (p=0.049), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p=0.0001), total cholesterol (TC) (p=0.019), triglycerides (TG) (p=0.010), very low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‑C) (p=0.038), amylase (p=0.038), uric acid (p=0.038), and total protein (p=0.008). Significant differences were established in group 1 in WC (p=0.042) and total protein (p=0.040), and in group 2 in lymphocyte count (p=0.010), RDW (p=0.016), ALP (p=0.001), TG (p=0.049), uric acid (p=0.018), and albumin (p=0.020). Patients with AH had lower results of prothrombin time (p=0.018), international normalized ratio (p=0.018), and higher prothrombin activation by Quick’s method (p=0.026). Levels of C‑reactive protein were lower in both overall patients with AH (p=0.004), and separately in groups 1 (p=0.044) and 2 (p=0.034). During the second follow‑up visit, the rate of aging increased in 51.6% of patients with AH. There was an association (p <0.05) between the increase in aging rates and the development of unfavorable anthropometric status, lipid profile, and the development of pro‑inflammatory state. There was also a direct correlation between thrombocrit and the acceleration of aging rates (p=0.025).
Conclusions. Screening for premature aging in patients with AH can be based on the assessment of aging rates according to M. Levine’s method (2018). This screening should be conducted more than once a year with account of the individual risk factors. During the wartime, patients with AH may require monitoring of anthropometric parameters and standard clinical‑biochemical indicators, especially lipid profile, renal tests (albumin, uric acid), glucose, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), at least twice a year to prevent accelerated aging rates.
Role of Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Heart Failure
Authors: Jing Lele , Zhang Honghong , Xiang Qiannan , Hu Huilin , Zhai Changlin , Xu Suining , Tian Hongen
Published: July 2024

Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterizing by typical physical signs and symptomatology resulting from reduced cardiac output and/or intracardiac pressure at rest or under stress due to structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart. HF is often the final stage of all cardiovascular diseases and a significant risk factor for sudden cardiac arrest, death, and liver or kidney failure. Current pharmacological treatments can only slow the progression and recurrence of HF. With advancing research into the gut microbiome and its metabolites, one such trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)—has been implicated in the advancement of HF and is correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HF. However, the precise role of TMAO in HF has not yet been clarified. This review highlights and concludes the available evidence and potential mechanisms associated with HF, with the hope of contributing new insights into the diagnosis and prevention of HF.
Screening Tool for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Based on a Deep-Learning Algorithm Using Printed 12-Lead Electrocardiographic Records during Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Zhou Yang , Zhang Deyun , Chen Yu , Geng Shijia , Wei Guodong , Tian Ying , Shi Liang , Wang Yanjiang , Hong Shenda , Liu Xingpeng
Published: July 2024

Background: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly improved atrial fibrillation (AF) detection using electrocardiography (ECG) data obtained during sinus rhythm (SR). However, the utility of printed ECG (pECG) records for AF detection, particularly in developing countries, remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the efficacy of an AI-based screening tool for paroxysmal AF (PAF) using pECGs during SR. Methods: We analyzed 5688 printed 12-lead SR-ECG records from 2192 patients admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital between May 2011 to August 2022. All patients underwent catheter ablation for PAF (AF group) or other electrophysiological procedures (non-AF group). We developed a deep learning model to detect PAF from these printed SR-ECGs. The 2192 patients were randomly assigned to training (1972, 57.3% with PAF), validation (108, 57.4% with PAF), and test datasets (112, 57.1% with PAF). We developed an applet to digitize the printed ECG data and display the results within a few seconds. Our evaluation focused on sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F1 score, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and precision-recall curves (PRAUC). Results: The PAF detection algorithm demonstrated strong performance: sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 66.7%, accuracy 78.6%, F1 score 0.824, AUROC 0.871 and PRAUC 0.914. A gradient-weighted class activation map (Grad-CAM) revealed the model’s tailored focus on different ECG areas for personalized PAF detection. Conclusions: The deep-learning analysis of printed SR-ECG records shows high accuracy in PAF detection, suggesting its potential as a reliable screening tool in real-world clinical practice.
An Exploration of Shared Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease and Cancer from 109 Traits: The Evidence from Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Studies
Authors: Xu Rong , Chen Rumeng , Xu Shuling , Ding Yining , Zheng Tingjin , Ouyang Chaoqun , Ding Xiaoming , Chen Linlin , Zhang Wenzhou , Ge Chenjin , Li Sen
Published: July 2024

Background: Although observational studies have reported several common biomarkers related to coronary artery disease (CAD) and cancer, there is a shortage of traditional epidemiological data to establish causative linkages. Thus, we conducted a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to systematically investigate the causal associations of 109 traits with both CAD and cancer to identify their shared risk and protective factors. Methods: The genetic association datasets pertaining to exposure and outcomes were reviewed using the most recent and public genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger strategies were implemented for the MR analyses. The heterogeneity and pleiotropy were measured utilizing leave-one-out sensitivity testing, MR-PRESSO outlier detection, and Cochran’s Q test. Results: The IVW analyses revealed that genetic-predicted mean sphered cell volume (MSCV) is a protective factor for CAD, and weight is a risk factor. MSCV and weight also show similar effects on cancer. Furthermore, our study also identified a set of risk and protective factors unique to CAD and cancer, such as telomere length. Conclusions: Our Mendelian randomization study sheds light on shared and unique risk and protective factors for CAD and cancer, offering valuable insights that could guide future research and the development of personalized strategies for preventing and treating these two significant health issues.
Elite Capture Phenomenon and Political Dialogic Space: Reflections on the Folklore of Asal Usul Raja Negeri Jambi in the Current Political Situation
Authors: Zaman Saefu , Prayoga Reza Amarta , Sukma Bayu Permana , Amanat Tri
Published: July 2024

This research focuses on the process of political elite capture which is associated with the current political context and the dialogic space that occurs in the narrative text of the folklore Asal Usul Raja Negeri Jambi (AURNJ) [The Origins of the King of Jambi]. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtained from the recording and documentation of Jambi folklore 2: Asal Usul Raja Negeri Jambi (AURNJ) by Kaslani (1997). The results of the analysis produce several conclusions. First, there are symptoms of the political phenomenon of elite capture of village elders in perpetuating their power in the election of the King of Jambi. Second, this phenomenon also fostered the practice of dynastic familism. In the belief of village elders, the king must be chosen from their lineage, meaning that people in their circle are worthy to be king. Third, the deadlock in finding a leader figure was experienced by village elitist elders in the political contestation of the election of the king. This stalemate then awakened the elite village elders to open equal participatory dialogue spaces. This is nothing but to open up opportunities for candidates for kingship outside their circle of power. Fourth, the paradox of elite capture political dynamics in AURNJ's story describes a situation similar to contemporary political phenomena, namely the thirst for power and building political dynasties for personal and group interests as a security strategy and perpetuation of the arena of exposure to power.
Effective adsorption of malachite green with silica gel supported iron-zinc bimetallic nanoparticles
Authors: Ergüt Memduha , Özer Ayla
Published: July 2024

In the present study, a composite material consisting of silica gel 60 supported iron-zinc bimetallic nanoparticles (Si/Fe-ZnNPs) was prepared and characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD analysis. The adsorbent properties of the synthesized composite material were evaluated with the removal of Malachite Green (MG). According to characterization results, the cubic structures and agglomerated nano-sized spherical particles (≈30 nm) were formed. The FT-IR spectrum confirms the formation of Fe-Zn NPs through the observation of the Fe-O stretches and metal-metal stretching vibrations of (Zn2+ – O2ˉ) adsorption bands. Additionally, the FT-IR revealed the presence of Si-O-Si, Si-O-H stretching, and O-Si-O bending vibrations attributed to silica gel 60. The optimal environmental conditions for adsorption were determined to be a natural pH of 3.3, an adsorption temperature of 50°C, and an adsorbent concentration of 1.0 g/L. An increase in equilibrium uptakes of MG was observed with a linear correlation to initial dye concentrations. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic, non-spontaneous, and increasing disorder at the solid-solution interface during adsorption with positive ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS values, respectively. The experimental results revealed that the Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit for the equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer coverage capacity of Si/Fe-ZnNPs was 666.67 mg/g at an optimum temperature of 50°C. Further analysis displayed that the kinetic adsorption data adhere to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Additionally, Weber-Morris model results revealed the effectiveness of both the film and intra-particle diffusion in the adsorption.
Efficient prediction of compressive strength in geotechnical engineering using artificial neural networks
Authors: Uzer Ali Ulvi
Published: July 2024

In recent years, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have emerged as highly effective tools for addressing the intricate challenges encountered in geotechnical engineering. ANNs find application in a variety of geotechnical problems, showcasing promising outcomes. This study aims to improve the efficiency of predicting intermediate values from unconfined compressive strength (UCS) data obtained from laboratory tests through the use of ANNs. The modelling of artificial neural networks was carried out using the Regression Learner program, integrated with the Matlab 2023a software package, offering a user-friendly graphical interface for AI model development without the need for coding. The ANNs' validation and training were based on UCS test data obtained from the Geotechnical Laboratory of Iowa State University, USA. These laboratory tests focused on engineering properties, specifically the UCS of soils treated with biofuel co-products (BCPs). The dataset, organized in a matrix of size 216 × 5, features columns providing information on soil type (Soil 1; Soil 2; Soil 3; Soil 4), sample type (pure soil-untreated; 12% BCP- treated soil; 3% cement; 6% cement; 12% cement treated soil), time (1, 7, and 28 days), moisture content (OMC-4%, OMC%, and OMC+4%), and corresponding UCS peak stress (psi) values. The AI predictions for the test data output achieved an outstanding R2 score of 0.93, showcasing the potential of employing ANNs to efficiently acquire a substantial amount of data with fewer experiments and in less time. This approach holds promise for applications in geotechnical engineering.
Energy Cooperation between Russia, Mongolia and China within the Framework of the Project for the Construction of the “Power of Siberia — 2” Gas Pipeline
Authors: Yiping Xie , Battelmen Batchuluun
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of energy cooperation between Russia, Mongolia and China within the framework of the project for the construction of the “Power of Siberia - 2” gas pipeline. The relevance of the research topic is due to the intensification of cooperation between the three countries within the framework of the implementation of the Development Program for Siberia and the Far East, the “Steppe Road” and “One Belt and One Road” initiatives, as well as the start of preparatory work for the implementation of a project to build a gas pipeline from Russia to China through Mongolia. The aim of the study is to determine the level of energy cooperation within the framework of the “Power of Siberia - 2” gas pipeline construction project and to identify the risks and prospects of the project.
The Direction of Development of the Work of Chinese News Editors in the Context of the Coronavirus Epidemic
Authors: Dai Gao
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes the direction of development of editorial work in China in the context of the epidemic using SWOT analysis. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the article for the first time uses the SWOT analysis method to predict the future direction of the editors’ work under the influence of the pandemic. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the fact that the results of its research part can be used for further study of the prospects of editorial work, and the practical one is that they are able to interest media workers in other countries.
Excitable Dynamics of Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic Atmospheric and Ocean Oxygen
Authors: Daines Stuart , Li Ziheng
Published: July 2024

The geochemical carbon isotope and redox proxy record indicates that Earth’s surface oxygenation involved a prolonged period of extreme variability in atmospheric and oceanic oxygen, spanning from the early Neoproterozoic to the early Paleozoic. This variability has been linked to external tectonic and evolutionary forcings, as well as to internal nonlinear feedbacks related to the redox-sensitivity of marine phosphorus burial. Here we introduce a multitimescale dynamical systems framework to examine the stability of the coupled biogeochemical cycles of phosphorus, carbon, and oxygen. Our analysis reveals the criteria for system stability, and identiﬁes an “excitable” regime where small forcings can trigger ocean oxygenation and anoxic events. We suggest that transitions through stable, excitable and oscillatory regimes can explain the Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic geochemical record, and that dynamical constraints at the Earth system level account for more of these patterns and trends than has been previously recognized.
Machine and human emotion classification diverge for naturalistic images
Authors: Dawel Amy , Mewton Paige , Krumhuber Eva
Published: July 2024

The pursuit of affective computing aims to endow machines with the ability to read and respond to human emotions. Unfortunately, several high-profile publicly available machine classifiers are based on psychological theory that over-emphasises the prototypical, morphological features of six or seven basic emotional expressions. This approach is poorly suited to the complex and nuanced repertoire of naturalistic facial expressions; it also omits other physical information that humans use in emotion perception such as tears, eye-gaze, and facial colouring. Prior studies have focused on lab-generated expression stimuli, which are mostly posed, and evaluated machine and human classification against database labels. Here, we use a large, novel set of naturalistic expression stimuli (2,453 still images from 824 YouTube clips) to directly compare machine (Affdex) and human emotion classification. Overall, we found that human-machine agreement was strikingly low. At best, humans and Affdex agreed on two-thirds of happy stimuli, but this was more than double the rate for the next agreed-upon emotion (surprise = 33%). Agreement was under twelve percent for the remaining five emotion categories, with Affdex detecting only prototypical expressions. The findings underscore the importance of designing machine systems that can adapt to the subtleties of human emotional expressions for greater human-machine consistency.
Fragmentation and Resilience: Changing Social Spaces for Lesbian and Bisexual Women, Transgender and Gender Non-Binary Individuals in Romania
Authors: Matusovsky Bri
Published: July 2024

Romania has begun experiencing several shifts in their cultural values. The policies affecting and attitudes toward the LGBT+ population have become more positive, largely due to pressure from international bodies and organizations. This research is a qualitative focus-group and interview-based study which examines the context in which LGBTQ+ individuals in Romania lead their lives. Themes discussed include community, bi-phobia, trans-phobia, social media, virtual spaces, activism, bars and clubs, and experiences with therapeutic resources such as counseling. This research was conducted for completion of the requirements for the Global Health Scholars interdisciplinary undergraduate program at Yale University, and funded by the Solomon Research Fellowship in LGBT Studies, the Robert C Bates Summer Fellowship for International Internships, the Pierson College Richter Summer Fellowship award, and the Global Health Scholar Seed Funding Award. This research was mentored by Professors John Pachankis, PhD, and Corina Lelutiu-Weinberger, PhD, MPhil, and supported by Professor Alice M. Miller, JD.
The Social Structure of Space and Time: Preliminary Generalizations
Authors: McCaffree Kevin
Published: July 2024

The most fundamental aspect of our moment-to-moment perception—space and time— has, to this point, been ignored by sociologists. Sociologists have, of course, spent a great deal of time considering the cultural import of time schedules, the periodicity of interactions, life-course and age-related trajectories, the use of public and private spaces, and the traversal of space enabled by transportation technology and electronic media. What they have not done, however, is consider how neurophysiological processes alter and distort situational perceptions of spatiotemporality itself. Doing so is important because spatiotemporal perception implicates important aspects of behavioral regulation and impulse control. In this paper, I describe the neurophysiology of spatiotemporal perception, link it to behavioral regulation/impulse control and describe in detail, across 26 testable propositions, how a theory of situational spatiotemporal perception can generate novel predictions in a handful of our most influential sociological theories.
Review of “My Journeys in Economic Theory” by Edmund S. Phelps
Authors: Christie John P.
Published: July 2024

Review of “My Journeys in Economic Theory” by Edmund S. Phelps.
Agricultura urbana e periurbana - uma experiência de extensão universitária da UFRGS no Litoral Norte do RS
Authors: Kalsing Rejane Margarete Schaefer , Dagnino Ricardo
Published: July 2024

This text reports experiences acquired over the years 2019 to 2021, in the editions of the Urban and Periurban Agriculture, Food, Education and Health extension project, carried out by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Campus Litoral Norte, in order to problematize and enhance extension as fundamental in the processes of articulation between the work carried out at the university and the needs widely posed by society.
Relevancy between Anchor Text and Wikipedia. A Web Search Framework
Authors: Al-akashi Falah , Inkpen Diana
Published: July 2024

The overall volume of data available on the Internet is growing rapidly while finding relevant documents is becoming increasingly difficult. Moreover, queries entered by users are unique, unstructured and often ambiguous while the process has changed dramatically from standard query languages that governed by strict syntax rules to unstructured strings. In Web information retrieval, search paradigms used term occurrences to weight document content prior to any boosting stage. PageRank algorithm, for instance, was used integrated techniques to enhance post retrieval document relevancy to adequately compromise the overall process in two stages. Nevertheless, hypertexts in Web have been used for improving the quality of search results for the most common type of queries. Our main premise is that hypertexts play an important role for ranking documents in IR such as margining between user queries and consensus hypertext. We propose a new algorithm that uses term impact technology for compromising hypertext weighting in Web along with Wikipedia for efficiently find most relevant documents among large set of results. Our experimental results showed that Wikipedia could efficiently improve document relevancy rank when combined with hypertexts for exhibit robust and very good short-term process capability.
Organizational Homeostasis
Authors: Leong David
Published: July 2024

This study examines the complex interactions in organizational structures using Bohm's ‘wholeness’ and Prigogine’s equilibrium theories. Wave analogies and quantum principles like superposition, non-locality, and entanglement explain fluctuations in these systems. Thus, this research suggests a paradigm shift in organizational methods towards a balanced, scientific approach. Organizations need flexible tactics and behave like dissipative structures to maintain internal coherence in chaos. Heightened through mindful techniques, corporate consciousness provides insights into temporal dynamics, improving decision-making, market resilience, and an expanded organizational ethos founded in present awareness. This heightened consciousness and demand for organizational alignment and coherence empowers the corporate entities to succeed in present conditions and anticipate and address future obstacles. This study introduces ‘Mindful Corporate Entity’ (‘MCE’), emphasizing mindfulness as a critical tool for organizational well-being and sustainability. This change is proposed to close management gaps.
Entrepreneur’s strategy leveraged and monitored by the interrelation of ERP and BSC
Authors: Oliveira Cidália , Pereira Márcio , Mendes Rodrigues Margarida Maria , Rodrigues Rui
Published: July 2024

Nowadays business operates in a turbulent environment, demanding quality products at low cost in short delivery times. Bearing this in mind, entrepreneurs devote special attention to define strategies, monitor entrepreneurial indicators and recruiting qualified employees. In this sense, organizations need to rely on an efficient measurement system with vast and complex information. Considering this need, the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) embraces a short-, medium- and long-term time horizon and guides entrepreneurs in the measurement of their Key Performance Indicators (KPI), as acknowledged by the well-known company like Apple, which is using BSC for planning and performance measurement. Furthermore, as the KPIs need to reflect organisational performance, the interconnection of BSC with SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is considered of benefit. By means of this interlinkage, performance is monitored in an integrated way, as the flow of material and information of the whole chain is integrated and interlinked via ERP. Stressing out that several BSC implementations have failed, this research, intends to detail how ERP implementation can leverage the BSC’s features, namely to monitor entrepreneur’s strategy. As several studies have focused their attention in an isolated way and several BSC implementations failed, this research sheds light on entrepreneur’s strategy leveraged and monitored by the interrelation of ERP and BSC.
Pure Strategy Saddle Points in the Generalized Progressive
Discrete Silent Duel with Identical Linear Accuracy Functions
Authors: Romanuke Vadim
Published: July 2024

A finite zero-sum game defined on a subset of the unit square is considered. The game is a generalized progressive discrete silent duel, in which the kernel is skew-symmetric, and the players, referred to as duelists, have identical linear accuracy functions featured with an accuracy proportionality factor. As the duel starts, time moments of possible shooting become denser by a geometric progression. Apart from the duel beginning and end time moments, every following time moment is the partial sum of the respective geometric series. Due to the skew-symmetry, both the duelists have the same optimal strategies and the game optimal value is 0. If the accuracy factor is not less than 1, the duelist’s optimal strategy is the middle of the duel time span. If the factor is less than 1, the duel solution is not always a pure strategy saddle point. In a boundary case, when the accuracy factor is equal to the inverse numerator of the ratio that is the time moment preceding the duel end moment, the duel has four pure strategy saddle points which are of the mentioned time moments. For a trivial game, where the duelist possesses just one moment of possible shooting between the duel beginning and end moments, and the accuracy factor is 1, any pure strategy situation, not containing the duel beginning moment, is optimal.
LONG-TERM TEAM DENTAL REHABILITATION OF A YOUNG PATIENT WITH ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA
Authors: Nataliya Emelyanova  , Dmitry Emelyanov
Published: July 2024

Today, one of the important issues in dentistry is the treatment of primary adentia, which has its own characteristics, taking into account the age of the patient, the need for orthodontic preparation for prosthetics, the design of the prosthesis. Primary adentia brings not only quantitative changes in the teeth, but also creates conditions for functional and morphological disorders of speech, breathing, chewing, leads to violations of the development of facial skeleton and causes underdevelopment of the jaws, which reduces the quality of life of the patient. Primary adentia with multiple missing teeth is a genetically determined condition and very often has a hereditary character in the form of hypohidrotic and hydrotic dysplasia. We present to your attention a description of the complex work of dentists on the completed case of a patient with a diagnosis of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome). With multiple adentia, it is necessary to provide denture care as soon as possible, which requires engagement of dentists of various specialties in treatment and rehabilitation: orthodontists, orthopedists, therapists and maxillofacial surgeons
Laminite aguda em um equino
Authors: De Carvalho Col Daniela
Published: July 2024

Locomotor injuries are responsible for the vast majority of visits to the veterinarian, and such injuries may refer to laminitis, which is a common disease in equine medicine and is considered one of the main diseases responsible for lameness in horses. Also known as diffuse aseptic pododermatitis, or choriosis, laminitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the hooves of horses, with several mechanisms that can lead to laminar degeneration and, if not diagnosed and treated in time, the animal may be euthanized. Its causes are diverse, but we can highlight excessive physical exercise, metabolic changes, excessive grains in the diet, and overweight. The objective of this essay is to report the case of a 6-year-old male Quarter Horse diagnosed with acute laminitis after suffering trauma to the pectoral muscle.
Impact of computer-integrated technologies on cybersecurity in the defence sector
Authors: Semenenko Oleh , Kirsanov Serhii , Movchan Artur , Ihnatiev Mykola , Dobrovolskyi Uzef
Published: July 2024

The research relevance is determined by the ever-increasing threat of cyberattacks and the need to protect defence systems from these threats through the introduction of integrated computer technologies. The study aims to develop strategies for ensuring digital security in the defence sector, addressing the impact of information technology. The study analyses the impact of integrated computer technologies on information security in the military sphere, develops cybersecurity strategies and analyses examples of their application in the defence sector. The study determined that integrated computer technologies are substantial in improving cybersecurity in the defence sector. The analysis showed that they can effectively detect, analyse and respond to cyber threats, ensuring reliable protection of critical information resources. In addition, the digital security strategies developed addressed the specifics of the defence sector, helping to improve protection against cyberattacks and ensuring immediate action in the event of a threat. The resulting strategies for improving the digital security of the defence sector consider the specifics of the industry, contributing to increased resilience against cyber threats and ensuring prompt action in the event of potential attacks. The most significant examples of the introduction of these technologies, namely data mining, big data, distributed blockchain technology, analytical methods of cyber-analysis and cyber-physical systems, have demonstrated their effectiveness in real-world conditions, contributing to the security and resilience of defence systems. The results show the importance of information technology in improving cybersecurity in the defence sector. This confirms the need for systematic implementation of such technologies to ensure effective protection against modern cyber threats
Development of an algorithm for detecting commercial unmanned aerial vehicles using machine learning methods
Authors: Yermolenko Ruslan , Klekots Denys , Gogota Olga
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to train algorithms for detecting commercial unmanned aerial vehicles using machine learning techniques. Neural network architectures YOLOv8 and MobileNetV3 were used to detect unmanned aerial vehicles in images and videos. The models used were pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset and then refined on the SimUAV dataset containing images of four types of drones (Parrot A.R. Drone 2.0; DJI Inspire I; DJI Mavic 2 Pro; and DJI Phantom 4 Pro), different sizes and in eight different background locations. The study confirmed that the combination of the YOLOv8 and MobileNetV3 architectures has significant potential for detecting commercial unmanned aerial vehicles in various types of images. The trained models demonstrated high performance in the recognition and classification of unmanned aerial vehicles, achieving an average detection accuracy (at an IoU threshold of 50%) of 0.747 and 0.909 for the MobileNetV3_Small and MobileNetV3_Large models, respectively. This demonstrates the high efficiency and accuracy of the models in detecting objects on the test data. The results of the study also included the values of the binary cross-entropy metric, which were 0.308 and 0.216, respectively, indicating the high accuracy of the models in object classification and confirming the high efficiency and reliability of these models in working with objects on the test data. During the study, the MobileNetV3_Large model showed more accurate results than MobileNetV3_Small, which indicates its higher efficiency in detecting and classifying aircraft. The obtained results confirm the prospects of applying machine learning methods in the field of monitoring and security systems, which reliably detect and track unmanned aerial vehicles in various conditions. The high performance of the trained models demonstrates their effectiveness in real-world operating conditions, making them a valuable tool for solving important control and supervision tasks
Prognostic value of SYNTAX scores for Predicting Major Cardiac Adverse events in Patients with acute Myocardial Infarction who Underwent Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Chien Do Van
Published: July 2024

Background: SYNTAX (SS) and clinical SYNTAX (CSS) scores are widely used in clinical practice to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after elective and primary percutaneous intervention (PCI). We sought to investigate prognostic values for SS and CSS with more accurate predictive ability for MACE. Methods: All patients of two referral hospitals who were diagnosed with ACS were recruited for the study. SS and CSS were calculated by researchers blinded to the operators using the designed web-based software and clinical factors. SS was classified into three categories: low SS1:0 – 11.75, moderate SS2:11.75 – 23.25, and high SS3: ≥ 23.25. CSS was classified as follows: low CSS1:0-22.95, moderate CSS2:22.95-35.95, and high CSS3: ≥ 35.95. All patients were advised to visit our clinic at 1, 6, and 12 months. Clinical examination results and MACE were recorded in the hospital clinical system database. Results: We recorded the clinical data of 296 patients. After 12 months of follow-up, MACE occurred in 16.8% of SS3, 9.3% of SS2, and 8.2% of SS1 cases. MACE accounted for 14.0% of CSS3, 11.3% of CSS2, and 8.1% of CSS1 cases. Conclusions: The classification of SS (low SS1:0 – 11.75, moderate SS2:11.75 – 23.25, high SS3: ≥ 23.25) and CCS (low CSS1:0-22.95, moderate CSS2:22.95-35.95, high CSS3: ≥ 35.95) had important roles in the risk assessment of patients with ACS who underwent primary PCI.
Severe Post Traumatic Intercostal Surgical Hernia Repaired: A Case Report
Authors: Sandio Aubin
Published: July 2024

Intercostal hernia is defined as a protrusion of the lung parenchyma and or pleura through a defect in the intercostal muscles between adjacent ribs. It is a rare condition, usually asymptomatic, in most cases acquired following a chest trauma or following a chest surgery, and whom diagnostic is clinical. Intercostal hernia may be managed by a surgical repair or not. The decision to operate May considered the size of the hernia, the symptoms, and the patient’s comorbid conditions. We report a case of intercostal hernia occurring after penetrating chest trauma, and successfully treated surgically by thoracotomy in our center.
Endovascular Interventional Treatment of Intracranial “Giant-Octopus”
Authors: Zhengquan Yu Jiang Wu and
Published: July 2024

A 66-year-old female patient, because the dizziness worsened in the past half month, the patient went to the local hospital for a head computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination; the head CTA showed that the basilar artery apical aneurysm. The patient was transferred to our unit from a regional hospital.
ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN KETEPATAN WAKTU PENGIRIMAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DI EKSPEDISI JNE KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Sahara Siti , Adelina Febi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir (JNE) Kota Tangerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan antara kualitas pelayanan dan ketepatan waktu terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pelanggan yang menggunakan jasa ekspedisi JNE. Teknik yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel adalah kuesioner dengan analisis kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dibantu dengan menggunakan software SPSS 64 For Windows untuk menguji simultan (uji F) dan parsial (uji T). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan dan ketepatan waktu pengiriman berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan JNEKata Kunci:  Kualitas Pelayanan, Ketepatan Waktu, Loyalitas Pelanggan