bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of an experiential learning program on motivations and activity involvement among dementia supporters in Japan
Authors: Arakawa Hiromi , Anme Tokie
Published: December 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an experiential learning program based on Kolb’s theory in increasing dementia supporters’ motivation and activity involvement within the community.

Method

In this interventional study, the sample was divided into two groups. The intervention group underwent dementia supporter training and participated in an experiential learning program, which was conducted two weeks after the initial training session. The control group underwent only the dementia supporter training.

Results

Kolb’s experiential learning model consists of four stages: concrete experience, reflective observation, conceptualization, and active experimentation. A total of 37 and 44 individuals constituted the intervention and control groups, respectively. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that there was a significant increase in motivation among the intervention group participants, when compared to the control group participants. Moreover, the activity rate was higher among the intervention group participants.

Discussion

The experiential learning program was effective in increasing motivation levels and activity involvement among the dementia supporters.

Conclusions

The experiential learning program for dementia supporters can be used to improve other volunteer and professional programs. Moreover, Kolb’s theory can be used to support individuals with dementia within the community.
Simple predictive models identify patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and poor prognosis
Authors: Riveiro-Barciela Mar , Labrador-Horrillo Moisés , Camps-Relats Laura , González-Sans Didac , Ventura-Cots Meritxell , Terrones-Peinador María , Nuñez-Conde Andrea , Martínez-Gallo Mónica , Hernández Manuel , Antón Andrés , González Antonio , Pujol-Borrell Ricardo , Martínez-Valle Fernando
Published: December 2020

Background and aims

Identification of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients at high-risk of poor prognosis is crucial. We aimed to establish predictive models for COVID-19 pneumonia severity in hospitalized patients.

Methods

Retrospective study of 430 patients admitted in Vall d’Hebron Hospital (Barcelona) between 03-12-2020 and 04-28-2020 due to COVID-19 pneumonia. Two models to identify the patients who required high-flow-oxygen-support were generated, one using baseline data and another with also follow-up analytical results. Calibration was performed by a 1000-bootstrap replication model.

Results

249 were male, mean age 57.9 years. Overall, 135 (31.4%) required high-flow-oxygen-support. The baseline predictive model showed a ROC of 0.800 based on: SpO2/FiO2 (adjusted Hazard Ratio-aHR = 8), chest x-ray (aHR = 4), prior immunosuppressive therapy (aHR = 4), obesity (aHR = 2), IL-6 (aHR = 2), platelets (aHR = 0.5). The cut-off of 11 presented a specificity of 94.8%. The second model included changes on the analytical parameters: ferritin (aHR = 7.5 if ≥200ng/mL) and IL-6 (aHR = 18 if ≥64pg/mL) plus chest x-ray (aHR = 2) showing a ROC of 0.877. The cut-off of 12 exhibited a negative predictive value of 92%.

Conclusions

SpO2/FiO2 and chest x-ray on admission or changes on inflammatory parameters as IL-6 and ferritin allow us early identification of COVID-19 patients at risk of high-flow-oxygen-support that may benefit from a more intensive disease management.
Personality and the use of cancer screenings. A systematic review
Authors: Hajek André , Kretzler Benedikt , König Hans-Helmut
Published: December 2020

Background

No systematic review exists synthesizing studies examining the association between personality factors and use of cancer screenings. Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of empirical findings from observational studies investigating the link between personality factors (in terms of agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism and openness to experience) and use of cancer screenings.

Methods

Medline, PsycInfo and CINAHL were searched using predefined search terms. Observational studies examining the link between personality factors and use of cancer screenings using validated tools were included. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two reviewers.

Results

In total, n = 11 studies were included in our systematic review. There is mostly inconclusive evidence regarding the link between agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience and the use of cancer screenings. Clearer evidence was identified for an association between increased extraversion and an increased use of cancer screenings. Moreover, the majority of studies identified a link between increased conscientiousness and an increased use of cancer screenings.

Discussion

Studies indicate that personality factors, particularly an increased extraversion and increased conscientiousness, are associated with an increased use of cancer screenings. This knowledge may be beneficial to address individuals at risk for underuse.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020176830
Assembly of infectious enteroviruses depends on multiple, conserved genomic RNA-coat protein contacts
Authors: Chandler-Bostock Rebecca , Mata Carlos P. , Bingham Richard J. , Dykeman Eric C. , Meng Bo , Tuthill Tobias J. , Rowlands David J. , Ranson Neil A. , Twarock Reidun , Stockley Peter G.
Published: December 2020

Picornaviruses are important viral pathogens, but despite extensive study, the assembly process of their infectious virions is still incompletely understood, preventing the development of anti-viral strategies targeting this essential part of the life cycle. We report the identification, via RNA SELEX and bioinformatics, of multiple RNA sites across the genome of a typical enterovirus, enterovirus-E (EV-E), that each have affinity for the cognate viral capsid protein (CP) capsomer. Many of these sites are evolutionarily conserved across known EV-E variants, suggesting they play essential functional roles. Cryo-electron microscopy was used to reconstruct the EV-E particle at ~2.2 Å resolution, revealing extensive density for the genomic RNA. Relaxing the imposed symmetry within the reconstructed particles reveals multiple RNA-CP contacts, a first for any picornavirus. Conservative mutagenesis of the individual RNA-contacting amino acid side chains in EV-E, many of which are conserved across the enterovirus family including poliovirus, is lethal but does not interfere with replication or translation. Anti-EV-E and anti-poliovirus aptamers share sequence similarities with sites distributed across the poliovirus genome. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that these RNA-CP contacts are RNA Packaging Signals (PSs) that play vital roles in assembly and suggest that the RNA PSs are evolutionarily conserved between pathogens within the family, augmenting the current protein-only assembly paradigm for this family of viruses.
Role of astroglial Connexin 43 in pneumolysin cytotoxicity and during pneumococcal meningitis
Authors: Bello Chakir , Smail Yasmine , Sainte-Rose Vincent , Podglajen Isabelle , Gilbert Alice , Moreira Vanessa , Chrétien Fabrice , Cohen Salmon Martine , Tran Van Nhieu Guy
Published: December 2020

Streptococcus pneumoniaeor pneumococcus (PN) is a major causative agent of bacterial meningitis with high mortality in young infants and elderly people worldwide. The mechanism underlying PN crossing of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and specifically, the role of non-endothelial cells of the neurovascular unit that control the BBB function, remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the astroglial connexin 43 (aCx43), a major gap junctional component expressed in astrocytes, plays a predominant role during PN meningitis. Following intravenous PN challenge, mice deficient for aCx43 developed milder symptoms and showed severely reduced bacterial counts in the brain. Immunofluorescence analysis of brain slices indicated that PN induces the aCx43–dependent destruction of the network of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), an intermediate filament protein specifically expressed in astrocytes and up-regulated in response to brain injury. PN also induced nuclear shrinkage in astrocytes associated with the loss of BBB integrity, bacterial translocation across endothelial vessels and replication in the brain cortex. We found that aCx4-dependent astrocyte damages could be recapitulated usingin vitrocultured cells upon challenge with wild-type PN but not with aplymutant deficient for the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin (Ply). Consistently, we showed that purified Ply requires Cx43 to promote host cell plasma membrane permeabilization in a process involving the Cx43-dependent release of extracellular ATP and prolonged increase of cytosolic Ca2+in host cells. These results point to a critical role for astrocytes during PN meningitis and suggest that the cytolytic activity of the major virulence factor Ply at concentrations relevant to bacterial infection requires co-opting of connexin plasma membrane channels.
Standardizing the patient-specific medical device design process via a paper-based pro-forma
Authors: Peel Sean , Eggbeer Dominic , Dorrington Peter
Published: December 2020

Purpose/audience: this study targets designers, clinicians and biomedical engineers who are involved in digital surgical planning and patient-specific medical device design, either in hospitals, universities or companies. A commonly accepted, standardized design process does not exist in this specialized but highly variable field, and this can make regulatory compliance via the implementation of quality standards more difficult. Methodology/approach: an article-based design pro-forma was created based on needs identified in previous work. It was structured in order to broadly standardize the design process; consolidate planning and modelling behaviours into discrete clusters; anticipate decision-making on key product requirements; facilitate focused discussion with clients (surgeons); create a pleasurable experience for the designer; and encourage detailed reporting of design decisions and therefore to lower barriers to Quality Management System (QMS) implementation and adherence. The performance of the pro-forma was verified using observation, simultaneous verbalization and semi-structured interviews. Three participants across two contexts were observed designing without and then with the pro-forma. Their behaviours and comments were recorded, their designed outcomes evaluated and their quality compliance assessed. Findings: The design workflow was shown to be segmented and contained within distinct and repeatable steps when using the pro-forma. Reported participant confidence increased and stress decreased. Contact time between participants and clients was consolidated. Designed outputs and documented records successfully complied with generalizable aspects of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 13485 standard. However, it did not, and by definition could never, wholly implement a complete certifiable QMS, which must be tailored to a specific organization. Implications for practice, society or research: as demand for patient-specific devices continues to rise, and as regulatory requirements about QMS adherence extend to cover all contexts, organizations will need to react accordingly. This pro-forma offers a clear direction for how to introduce evidence-based best practices, and a starting point for full QMS certification. Originality/value: this research marks the first attempt to standardize this highly specialized design process across users, tools and contexts.
Sketching music: Exploring melodic similarity and contrast using a digital tabletop
Authors: Franceschini Andrea , Laney Robin , Dobbyn Chris
Published: December 2020

In this article, we investigate the effectiveness of a purposely built Digital Tabletop Musical Instruments (DTMI) in helping novices and casual users to explore music composition. Our participants explored how melodic similarity and contrast can convey narrative through musical structure in sessions involving one participant and one tutor to guide the session. We structured the sessions as a combination of open-ended discussions and increasingly open-ended music-making exercises, culminating in the main task: Invent a short story and compose a melody to describe it. We found that the combination of a structured tutor-led activity and an approachable technology allowed our participants to explore the relationship between their ideas of similarity and contrast, the ways these concepts are manifested in melody, and the ways they can help describe a narrative. The hands-on activities provided adequate scaffolding for discussing the concepts and contextualizing them within music. Lastly, by not requiring any formal musical or instrumental training, the DTMI allowed the participants to make music while discussing similarity and contrast in a comfortable and continuous way.
Estudo de argilas esmectíticas na separação óleo/água
Authors: Vieira Priscilla Silveira de Lima , Silva Iara Deodato Alves da , Oliveira Guilherme Costa de , Rodrigues Jocielys Jovelino
Published: December 2020

A contaminação por compostos orgânicos, incentiva a busca de novas tecnologias de remediação. Emulsões óleo/água são os principais poluentes emitidos pelos efluentes industriais e domésticos. As águas oleosas em canais subterrâneos e em zonas costeiras apresentam sérios problemas de poluição da água e necessitam urgentemente de soluções. Diante de tal cenário, este trabalho visou contribuir no sentido de estudar argilas esmectíticas e sua utilização como adsorvente no processo de separação óleo/água. A argila foi caracterizada a partir das técnicas Difração de raios X (DRX) para identificar a estrutura do material e Espectroscopia de Fluorescência de Raios X por Energia Dispersiva (EDX) para determinação da composição química do material em termos qualitativo e semi-quantitativo. O teste de capacidade de adsorção e inchamento de Foster indicaram o elevado potencial que a argila bentonita tem como adsorvente. Os resultados dos testes realizados em gasolina, diesel e querosene indicam que a argila Argel apresenta capacidade de adsorção nos solventes orgânicos testados: gasolina (1,788 g/g), querosene (1,501 g/g) e diesel (2,745 g/g).
Diseño de un estudio comunitario randomizado controlado multi-componente para prevención de obesidad en niños escolares: Protocolo de investigación
Authors: González Céspedes Laura , Fretes Gabriela , Ríos Patricia , Estigarribia Gladys , Viveros Guiomar , Aguilar Gloria , Joy Laura , Pizarro Fernando , Bangdiwala Shrikant
Published: December 2020

Introducción: el objetivo fue diseñar un estudio comunitario randomizado controlado multi-componente y evaluar su efecto en la prevención de obesidad en escolares del departamento de Caaguazú, Paraguay.Material y métodos: Diseño: ensayo comunitario randomizado controlado. Lugar: 16 escuelas públicas y privadas del área urbana y rural del Departamento de Caaguazú, Paraguay. Participantes e intervención: 16 escuelas serán asignadas aleatoriamente a dos grupos. Grupo intervención, recibirán un programa de educación nutricional y actividad física en el entorno escolar durante 6 meses. Grupo control, recibirán 3 charlas educativas en el mismo periodo. Medición de las principales variables: primaria (espesor de pliegues cutáneos), secundarias (z índice de masa corporal, conocimientos nutricionales, consumo de frutas y verduras, nivel de actividad física) y variables demográficas (sexo, edad, zona de residencia). Todas las variables serán medidas en la línea base y al final del estudio, utilizando herramientas calibradas, cuestionarios validados y protocolos de procedimiento. Análisis: se utilizará estadística descriptiva, además de los test t Student y chi2 para establecer diferencias. Se correrán modelos de regresión lineal y logística crudos y ajustados.Ética y diseminación: el protocolo de estudio ha sido evaluado y aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú. Se utilizarán consentimientos informados institucionales (escuelas) e individuales (padres) y asentimiento de los niños.
Estudio transversal para determinar la relación entre el estado nutricional antropométrico de un grupo de mujeres lactantes de Medellín y el perfil de ácidos grasos de su leche materna madura
Authors: Llorente-Romero Zulema Patricia , López-Marín Beatriz Estella , Deossa-Restrepo Gloria Cecilia , Arboleda-Montoya Luz Marina
Published: December 2020

Introducción: Los lípidos de la leche materna (LM) están constituidos por diferentes ácidos grasos (AG) de vital importancia para el bebé. El contenido y tipo de AG de la leche humana puede variar según las reservas de grasa maternas. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre el estado nutricional antropométrico de un grupo de mujeres lactantes y el perfil de AG de su LM madura. Material y métodos: El estudio fue descriptivo, transversal y correlacional. El estado nutricional se evaluó en 50 mujeres sanas, a quienes se les tomó una muestra de LM por extracción manual, con mínimo 1 mes de estar amamantando, residentes en Medellín, utilizando Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), Circunferencia de Cintura (CC), Circunferencia de Brazo (CB) y Circunferencia de Muslo Medio (CMM). Las muestras de LM fueron analizadas por cromatografía de gases.Resultados: 26 (52 %) mujeres presentaron IMC entre sobrepeso y obesidad, 36 (72 %) CB > 27,1 cm, 32 (64 %) obesidad central según CC y 28 (56 %) presentó CMM > 50,1 cm. En cuanto a LM, los AG saturados arrojaron el mayor contenido 2,05 (0,77) g/100mL, y en los insaturados predominó el ácido linoléico 0,677 (0,31) g/100mL y sus isómeros 0,97 (0,58) g/100mL. No se encontró correlación significativa (p >0,05) entre IMC y el total de los AG saturados, monoinsaturados, poliinsaturados y grasa, aunque IMC se correlacionó (r = 0,281) con los AG saturados de cadena corta y media de la LM y de igual manera CB (r = 0,308) y CMM (r = 0,298). Conclusiones: No se encontró correlación entre IMC y perfil de AG.La LM analizada tiene mayor cantidad de AG omega 6 y menor omega 3 respecto a las recomendaciones de ingesta en lactantes y la relación insaturados/saturados fue similar a otros estudios.
Paixões sónicas conservadas em disposofonias1 : o musicar de Gustavo Costa e da Sonoscopia
Authors: Guerra Paula
Published: December 2020

Gustavo Costa encerra uma trajetória modelar do musicar na linha de Christopher Small em Musicking. O seu gosto pela música começou muito cedo e tornou-se uma parte fundamental da sua vida. Com a formação musical, veio a sua integração em múltiplos projetos artísticos nacionais e internacionais e mais tarde surgiu a Sonoscopia, uma associação cultural que procura servir de palco para a música experimental em Portugal, fazendo do musicar uma cena local, translocal e virtual. Assim, ao longo deste artigo e através da análise da sua história de vida, ambicionamos perspetivar as diversas formas de musicar que pautam o quotidiano de Gustavo Costa, desde a criação de instrumentos a partir de recursos não convencionais até a programação artística e cultural contribuindo para a (re)construção de paisagens sónicas alternativas no Porto, em Portugal e mesmo no espaço europeu.
La raza como efecto de conquista
Authors: Rufer Mario
Published: December 2020

Este texto arriesga la hipótesis de que la conquista no es un acontecimiento que inaugura la modernidad, sino una estructura que la sostiene transhistóricamente, y propone que la matriz que posibilita esa estructura es la raza. Este texto propone un diálogo posible con las tesis de pensadores como Michel Foucault (guerra de razas), Aníbal Quijano (raza y colonialidad) y Rita Segato (raza como signo comunicativo), y las anuda con investigaciones empíricas e históricas latinoamericanas. Intenta proponer que existe una gestión de la conquista permanente como forma de perpetuar la racialización.
“As pessoas nascem anarquistas ou não”: a ideia de um anarquismo visceral em Roberto Freire
Authors: Sehn Ferraz Giovan
Published: December 2020

Este artigo faz parte de um estudo maior no qual buscamos compreender como surgiu e se desenvolveu, a partir da contracultura dos anos 1960 e 1970, uma técnica terapêutica de pretensão científica e anarquista, a Somaterapia de Roberto Freire. Neste texto, analisamos a emergência da ideia de um anarquismo “nato e visceral” nas obras de Freire, principal fonte utilizada em nossa pesquisa, procurando compreender como essa noção relaciona-se com aspectos da contracultura, com a proposta terapêutica da Somaterapia e com a sociedade. Na análise, observamos pontos de confluência e divergência entre esse autor e a contracultura. Entendemos, ao tomarmos como referência principalmente Bourdieu e Pollak, que a ideia de um anarquismo inato remete diretamente a processos de construção da memória e da identidade dos sujeitos e que as trajetórias de Freire, de sua terapia e da própria contracultura constituem processos históricos bastante complexos e, por vezes, até incoerentes e contraditórios.
A Relação entre Arte e Vida no Pensamento Anarquista do pós-Segunda Guerra
Authors: Gonçalves Felipe Cláudia Tolentino
Published: December 2020

O texto busca analisar a relação entre arte e vida no pensamento libertário do pós-Segunda Guerra. Partindo do pressuposto de que a arte concedia aos “artistas” (e todos, sem exceção, teriam condições de sê-lo) a possibilidade de tornar presente o horizonte de expectativas libertário, procuramos sondar o modo como os anarquistas, rompendo com os paradigmas da arte mimética da arte romântica, teorizaram a aplicabilidade da estética na construção da sensibilidade libertária.
Uma Escola, um Marechal e uma Experiência Pedagógica sobre Educação Patrimonial
Authors: Seniuk Talita
Published: December 2020

Partindo-se da premissa de que a educação formal, que é desenvolvida nas instituições escolares deve dialogar com a realidade circundante para não se tornar um elemento alheio às necessidades locais de que poderia intervir e que sua função social extrapola seus muros, este artigo apresenta uma experiência pedagógica realizada numa escola pública estadual no ano letivo de 2019, considerando a proximidade do objeto estudado e as características da comunidade escolar na temática de educação patrimonial, efetivada numa oficina de História com alunos do Ensino Fundamental II. Posteriormente, apontam-se algumas percepções sobre o desenrolar da atividade e seu produto, comparados com os objetivos propostos e facilitados por tal metodologia, que atende aos pressupostos da Base Nacional Comum Curricular que permeia competências e habilidades considerando o desenvolvimento dos estudantes em todas as suas dimensões numa educação integral que prepara para os desafios da vida contemporânea.
O Movimento pela Anistia durante a Ditadura Militar Brasileira (1964 – 1985):
Authors: Lanza Fabio , José Wilson Assis Neves Júnior  , Luan Prado Piovani
Published: December 2020

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa documental sobre os arquivos do Serviço Nacional de Informações - SNI, da agência do Paraná, e sobre o material censurado do jornal católico “O São Paulo” – JOSP. O foco da investigação foi analisar as matérias censuradas do JOSP e os documentos do serviço de inteligência para identificar fontes inéditas sobre o tema da anistia política durante a ditadura militar brasileira (1964-85). Foi identificado como ocorreu o controle e a manipulação do tema da anistia pelos órgãos de segurança do Estado, seja no SNI ou no processo de imposição da censura no JOSP.
História Indígena e(m) Microfilmes:
Authors: Benedito Emílio da Silva Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

O artigo aborda as ações técnicas e de pesquisa, ensino e extensão em torno da documentação microfilmada do acervo do Serviço de Proteção aos Índios, relativa ao fundo arquivístico da 2ª Inspetoria Regional. Busca refletir sobre a importância deste arquivo na tessitura do campo (inter)disciplinar da História Indígena no Brasil, aliado aos saberes, narrativas e regimes de historicidade indígena. Objetiva evidenciar as agências indígenas na Amazônia, ao longo do século XX, a partir deste corpus documental. E, com isso, contribuir na construção colaborativa da ciência histórica, ao passo que insira os povos indígenas, de fato, como sujeitos produtores de conhecimento.

Palavras-chave: História da Amazônia. Povos indígenas. Serviço de Proteção aos Índios. Conflitos. Reexistências.
A Fotografia da História à Cidade:
Authors: Garcia Luiz Henrique Assis , Lages Rodrigues Rita , Veiga de Oliveira João Marcos , Rivero Elena Lúcia
Published: December 2020

Avaliamos criticamente o papel desempenhado pelos registros fotográficos na construção de representações sobre o espaço urbano e o patrimônio cultural, dentro de uma perspectiva que leva em conta o conceito de cultura visual, com o propósito de considerar as potencialidades da fotografia produzida pelo próprio historiador como ferramenta metodológica de pesquisa. Nosso olhar em campo voltado para certas edificações e locais atenta para usos e contra-usos do patrimônio para compreender e registrar a enunciação pedestre dos citadinos, propondo outro repertório visual em contraponto às panorâmicas, aos planos gerais que caracterizam olhares que partem do poder público ou do mercado.
Definição terminológica do campo conceitual de equações da matemática
Authors: Pinheiro D'Azevedo Rodolpho , Vilarinho Michelle Machado de Oliveira
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística da Universidade de Brasília (UnB). O tema insere-se na linha de pesquisa Léxico e Terminologia, desenvolvido no Centro de Estudos Lexicais e Terminológicos (Centro Lexterm) e no Laboratório de Língua de Sinais Brasileira (LabLibras) da UnB. O objeto de estudo é constituído pelas definições dos termos matemáticos relacionados ao campo conceitual equações, encontradas nos livros didáticos aprovados pelo PNLD e em dicionários especializados de matemática. O público-alvo são os alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental até o 3º no Ensino Médio, visto que o conteúdo de equações perpassa todos esses anos letivos. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as definições e apresentar proposta de definições reformuladas. Para tanto, o método empregado na pesquisa foi o analítico-descritivo. Como procedimentos metodológicos, adotamos os seguintes percursos: i) coleta dos termos e das definições; ii) análise das definições e iii) reformulação das definições segundo a proposta de ficha de reformulação de definição de Nascimento (2016, p. 99). Como resultado, apresentamos as definições reformuladas para 30 termos que compõem o campo conceitual de equações.
Locuções
Authors: Da Cruz Thyago José
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho pretende conceituar e classificar o que seja o termo “locução”, no âmbito dos estudos fraseológicos, a partir do prisma teórico de Zuluaga (1980), Corpas Pastor (1996) e Ruiz Gurillo (2001). Essas unidades fraseológicas compostas de duas ou mais palavras funcionam dentro dos limites de uma oração, em blocos e possuem sentidos unitários. As suas classificações se fundamentam, principalmente, em aspectos funcionais (isto é, as funções sintáticas exercidas pelas categorias nome, adjetivo, advérbio, preposição ou conjunção). Contudo, ressalta-se que aspectos contextuais também devem ser considerados. Aproveita-se ainda, em uma discussão breve e introdutória, para se examinar as aproximações e fronteiras existentes entre as locuções e as expressões idiomáticas.
Podstawowe trendy orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka w sprawach podatkowych
Authors: Jasudowicz Tadeusz
Published: December 2020

The case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in tax matters has developed in three dimensions. Firstly, it involved Article 1 of the Protocol No. 1 to the Convention with reference to “the payment of taxes”, viewed, notwithstanding the State’s wide margin of appreciation, in the light of the principle of the peaceful enjoyment of one’s possessions. Secondly, from the perspective of Article 6 paragraph 1 of the Convention, tax disputes can be covered by the guarantees of a fair trial where the proceedings and sanctions, for example, concerning tax surcharges, are qualified in their autonomous Convention meaning as a “criminal charge” against the taxpayer. Moreover, despite its traditional case-law, in the last years the Court has seemed to allow the possibility of qualifying tax disputes as concerning “civilrights and obligations” Thirdly, on the basis of Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 to the Convention, the Court has found violations of the prohibition “to be tried or punished again in criminal proceedings” in the context of dual, i.e. tax (administrative) and penal, proceedings. The author critically assesses the Court judgment in the case of A. and B. v. Norway, in which the Court did not find a violation of Article 4 of Protocol No. 7. In the Norwegian case, the distinct administrative and penal proceedings were in fact merged, since the state introduced a system of integrated legal answers to taxpayers’ behavior. According to Judge Pinto de Albuquerque, expressing a dissenting opinion, the Court in this judgment wrongly changed its stance from pro persona to pro auctoritate, possibly forgetting that it is a court of humanrights, and not a pleader of raison d’Etat. Although the Court declared that it considers the Convention “as a whole”, and seeks to ensure the consistency of the Convention system and harmony of its provisions, it might have lost sight of ties existing between them. Taxpayers are also individual humansand have a title to human rights, thus tax disputes are those of a human rights nature. Understandably, the ECHR must persist as a Court of Human Rights.
A Rare Ice Storm in the Colorado Rockies
Authors: Stackhouse Megan M. , Colton Jeffrey D. , Phillips Dennis D. , Sanders Kristopher J. , Charnick Michael A. , Meyers Michael P.
Published: December 2020

During the early morning hours of 9 January 2017, freezing rain developed across several valley locations in western Colorado. The resultant ice accumulation led to extremely treacherous travel conditions with hundreds of vehicle accidents reported in the vicinity of Grand Junction, Colorado and near Durango, Colorado. Additionally, widespread power outages were reported in Durango and near Steamboat Springs, Colorado. First responders were overwhelmed by the volume increase of emergency calls, and secondary services were requested from nearby municipalities to help with the increased workload. The emergency operations center in Mesa County, Colorado (Grand Junction) was activated as a result of the numerous accidents and injuries across the region. An ice storm of this magnitude has not been experienced in Grand Junction’s period of record, which dates back to 1893. A detailed investigation explores the physical processes responsible for this ice storm over the complex terrain of the Intermountain West.
The Pot of Race War and the Kettle of Holy War
Authors: Kraidy Marwan M.
Published: December 2020

Two recent books, one about violent Islamist networks and the other about the white power movement, find that they have some traits in common. The seeds for each were sown by US military interventions from Vietnam to Iraq, and they have both proved adept at adapting media formats for propaganda purposes.
Comparing Static, Dynamic and Impact Loading Behavior of Biomimetic Porous Dental Implants with Conventional Dental Implants (3D Finite Element Analysis).
Authors: ÇULHAOĞLU Ahmet Kürşad , TERZİOĞLU Prof. Dr. Hakan
Published: December 2020

Giriş
Kemiğe benzer elastik modül değerleri ve kemik dokusunun gelişimin izin vermesi sebebi ile biomimetik poröz yapılar, konvansiyonel implantların yerine önerilmiştir. Ancak, farklı porözite oranına ve porözitenin farklı bölgelerde bulunmasını simüle edecek sınırlı çalışma vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, konvansiyonel dental implantlar ile çeşitli bölgelerinde poröziteye sahip ve farklı miktarlarda porozite içeren dört farklı biyomimetik implant tasarımı etrafındaki kortikal ve spongioz kemik dokusunda meydana gelen stres dağılım düzeylerini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem
3 boyutlu sonlu eleman analizi için, üstçene posterior bölgede 2 adet implant üzerine yapılan 3 üyeli kanat uzantılı sabit bölümlü protez matematiksel olarak modellendi. Elde edilen model üzerine, dikey ve oblik uygulanmış; statik, dinamik ve çarpma yükleri uygulanmıştır. Vertikal yük olarak kronların merkezi fossaları üzerinde 300 N dikey yük uygulanmıştır. Oblik yüklemede her bir dişin fonksiyonel palatinal tüberkülüne 45 ° 'lik bir açı ile 50 N yük uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular
Çarpma yüklerinde, distaldeki konvansiyonel implant üzerinde aşırı stres değerleri oluşmuştur (1030 MPa). Bu değer titanyum alaşımının (Ti-6Al-4V) nihai gerilme mukavemetinden (930 MPa) daha fazladır. Sonuçlar, tüm yüzeyi gözenekli ve orta üçlü bölümü gözenekli implantların tüm yükleme koşulları için distal implantta daha düşük stres değerleri gösterdiği şeklinde özetlenebilir.
Sonuç
Stres dağılımı açısından; porözitenin yeri, porözite miktarından daha kritiktir. Çarpma yükleme, implant destekli protez için kritik bir parametredir. Biyomimetik poröz implantların tasarımı için çarpma yükünün gözlenmesi ve önlenmesi düşünülmelidir. Orta üçlüsü poröz biyomimetik implant tasarımı, çarpma yükleme stresini azaltmak için en başarılı tasarımdır.
Strepitu belli propelluntur artes: Dostoevsky’s Latin Aphorism
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Skoropadskaya Anna
Published: December 2020

The article examines the Latin aphorism Strepitu belli propelluntur artes, which is found twice in Dostoevsky’s notebooks. The spelling and translation of the aphorism, its grammatical and stylistic structure, as well as the possible sources of the Latin quotation are elucidated. The expression in question is contextually unrelated to the Russian text and functions as an independent statement. The semantic connection of the aphorism with the content of the pages where it is found is revealed. The Latin expression marks the theme of war. The juxtaposition of war and art inherent in the aphorism and traditionally understood as the impossibility of their coexistence, is interpreted by the writer as a paradox: through his paradoxical hero, Dostoevsky fosters the idea that only during a war true art awakens souls and mobilizes a society’s spiritual needs. Subsequently, on his own behalf, the writer speaks about the nature of true art, which arouses people by its lofty ideals in the times of peace. However, the social reality is such that the only way for a spiritually unhealthy society to awaken and cleanse itself is a war over a noble idea. The Latin quotation is a key link in the writer’s reasoning, and it becomes an instrument of his argumentation.
PHILOSOPHY AS ELEMENT OF RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM: HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF PROBLEM
Authors: Pirozhkova Sophia
Published: December 2020

The article offers a rational reconstruction of the history of the development of Russian philosophy as a scientific discipline. The relevance of this reconstruction is due to the need for a new self-determination of philosophy in the structure of scientific knowledge. This need is caused, on the one hand, by the world-wide transformations of science as a cognitive, social and cultural phenomenon, on the other hand, by the fact that Russian science is undergoing a period of reforms that pose urgent questions for Russian philosophy to fix its features, functions and tasks as a scientific discipline in new conditions. The article shows that philosophy appears in Russia as part of an integral system of rational knowledge, or rather as part of a kind of socio-cultural project of such system. This system inherits the Ch. Wolff’ project. It is characterized by the absence not only of the modern differentiation of sciences, but also of the later opposition between philosophy and science. In a short time by historical standards, the emancipation of natural science disciplines begins, seeking to privatize the status of scientific knowledge. However, since the beginning of the XIX century, it is not self-determination in opposition of science acquiring its modern face, but the socio-political context that determines the fate of Russian philosophy, setting various forms of its institutionalization. This dependence persists in the twentieth century, when the role in the Soviet socialist project returns philosophy to the central place in the structure of scientific knowledge, as it was in the Wolff’ system, while discrediting it as a scientific activity. It is proved that since the end of the 1950s, Russian philosophy has begun to partially rebuild itself as a scientific discipline, creating prerequisites for the retention of academic and university philosophy after the collapse of soviet ideology.
Super Fibonacci Graceful Graphs and Fibonacci Cubes
Authors:   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, Semeniuta M.F.
Published: December 2020

The popularity of Fibonacci cubes is due to their wide range of uses. In mathematical chemistry, this concept is used in the study of hexagonal graphs. In computer science, Fibonacci cubes are interesting from an algorithmic point of view. V. Hsu introduced them in 1993 to simulate the connections of multiprocessor computer networks. He wanted to get graphs with hypercube properties, the order of which is not a power of two. Therefore, the problem of embedding other graphs in Fibonacci cubes is of interest.
Smart Manufactory in The Structure of a Smart Enterprise
Authors:   International Research and Training Centre of Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS and MES of Ukraine, Leschenko V.A. , Taran L.Yu. ,   International Research and Training Centre of Information Technologies and Systems of the NAS and MES of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The organization of business at specific enterprises must comply with modern economic conditions, use the information, experience and knowledge of employees and managers. Modern production facilities are characterized by a high degree of organization and technological equipment. To manage such industries, new methods are needed using intelligence and automation, which requires more detailed analysis. First of all, this concerns the shop as the main component of the production process, which is the subject of this article. Purpose of the article. To develop a conceptual model of a smart shop as an element of the production structure of a smart enterprise and detail its elements for the purpose of further software implementation. Conclusion. The proposed concept of a smart shop takes into account the needs of modern industries and the modern capabilities of intellectualization and automation tools. It defines the necessary elements for the organization of modern production and its workshops. A detailed description of each element of such a workshop gives a clear idea of ​​the further software implementation of this development using modern technologies. The proposed approach can be used in the development of other components of a smart enterprise, which is relevant at the moment.
Current state of secondary commercial species populations in the Kremenchutskе reservoir
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Buzevich O. , Gurbik V. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Koba S. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Tushnytska N. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv
Published: December 2020

Goal. To determine and analyze the structural and quantitative parameters of secondary commercial species of the Kremenchug reservoir. Methodology. The data of commercial catches of the Kremenchug reservoir for 2009–2019 were used as primary materials. The methods generally accepted for ichthyological studies were used for the sampling and further analysis Findings. Commercial catches of native fish species belonging to the category of "secondary large species" (catfish, pike, asp, chub) in the Kremenchug reservoir in recent years show a tendency for an increase: in 2010-2014 their landing was at 78 tons, in 2015 - 104 tons, in 2016 - 107 tons, in 2017 - 134.9 tons. This increase was mainly (by 65%) ensured catfish, to a lesser extent (by 30%) by pike. In 2018, there was a significant decrease in landings in this category to 116.1 tons, in 2019 - again an increase to 140.7 tons. A similar trend was observed for the category of secondary small-sized species (perch, knife, rudd, tench): in 2010-2014 the catch did not exceed 66 tons, in 2015 - 104 tons, in 2016 - 107 tons, in 2017 - 97 tons. In recent years, the maximum catches of commercial native fish species belonging to this category were observed, e.g., 179.6 tons in 2018, 175.3 tons in 2019. Due to a low abundance of these species, both commercial and survey catches have a certain instability, while there is a lack of clear trends in the dynamics of structural and functional parameters of catches. The main factor that limits the statistics of this category is the organization of fishing and accounting of landed fish. Originality. For the first time, data on commercial catches of native fish species belonging to the category of "secondary large species" and "secondary small species" in the Kremenchug reservoir in recent years have been obtained and analyzed. Practical significance. The obtained results will be used for preparation of the fishing regime in the Kremenchug reservoir. Improving the level of organization of fishing and accounting of landed fish. Keywords: reservoir, secondary large species, secondary small species, commercial catch.
A method for business logic extraction from legacy COBOL code of industrial systems
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Guba A.A. , Kolchin A.V. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Potiyenko S.V. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this work is to develop a software tool for analysis automation and simplifying of understanding of software systems behavior. Methods for translation, abstraction, debugging and test generation for COBOL are proposed. We developed a software system, which implements the methods.
Synthesis multilevel structure with multiple output
Authors:   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine, Opanasenko V.M. , Kryvyi S.L. ,   Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The method for solution of adaptation problem of the logical network with many outputs for the restoration of the input set of binary vectors when given only the lower values of this set and the values of the outputs is considered. The algorithm synthesis of the logical network is based on the description of its polynomial Zhegalkin.
Macro-operations extraction out of computation process array sorting data
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Paulin O.N. , Komlevaya N.O. ,   Institute of Computer Systems, Marulin S.U. ,   Institute of Computer Systems
Published: December 2020

The paper dwells computation process (CP) array sorting from the simple to the efficient. Computation process present’s as a block flowchart for clarity. Each process are extracted macro operations (MO), which are functionality finished pieces of CP. Lists of MO for each sorting algorithm put it together and summarized – minimizing number of MO. This approach will allow careful consideration most CP as it applies to dedicated MO.
Research and development of Johnson's algorithm parallel schemes in GPGPU technology
Authors:   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University, Pogorilyy S.D. , Slynko M.S. ,   Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: December 2020

Johnson’s all pairs shortest path algorithm application in an edge weighted, directed graph is considered. Its formalization in terms of Glushkov’s modified systems of algorithmic algebras was made. The expediency of using GPGPU technology to accelerate the algorithm is proved. A number of schemas of parallel algorithm optimized for using in GPGPU were obtained. Suggested approach to the implementation of the schemes obtained using computing architecture NVIDIA CUDA. An experimental study of improved performance by using GPU for computations was made.
Simulations of hypertrophied heart’s hemodynamics
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Grygoryan R.D. , Aksenova T.V. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The paper describes the modeling technology and the main results of the simulation of hemodynamic effects of cardiac hypertrophy (HH), conducted using previously published mathematical model (MM) [9]. The dynamics of hemodynamic abnormalities are not modeled. MM simulates changes in the central hemodynamics at different degrees and forms of myocardial hypertrophy (MH). Software technology provides a simulation of three types of HH: a) adaptive HH arising in response to the chronic lack of the systemic circulation; b) abnormal HH, which is at the extreme stage of adaptive HH; c) abnormal MH of left ventricle. The first two versions of HH have been simulated by increasing of myocardium’s stiffness, while the third version of HH is simulated via additional decrease of the unstressed volume of the left ventricle. For each version of HH a compensatory potential of self-regulation mechanisms (model uncontrolled cardiovascular system) is studied, and then similar opportunities of baroreflex regulators of hemodynamics have been evaluated. HM satisfactorily reproduces the main changes in blood pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate. The likely role of cell energy mechanisms in the cardiovascular system adaptation to high loads is discussed. The simulator is an autonomous program which can be both a tool to support the medical-physiological research and an educational means for demonstrating causal relationships to medical students. An implementation of the program in a more general program-modeling complex focused on the identification of patterns of functioning of super-human energy is planned.