bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental rights protection in the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Ladychenko Viktor , Mykytiuk Anton
Published: February 2024

A relevant issue of environmental law in Ukraine is the total violation of environmental human rights and the lack of guarantees for their restoration, as well as the imperfection of the procedure for bringing violators to justice. Since Ukraine is an active participant in international relations in the field of environmental protection, and the basic principles of foreign policy are enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine, an appeal to the European Court of Human Rights may be a way to defend the violated rights to a clean environment. The study aims to examine the issue of environmental rights protection in the European Court of Justice. The study is based on the following methods of scientific cognition: formal legal, dogmatic, and comparative legal. The author analyses international legislation in the field of environmental rights protection. The author notes that environmental problems are borderless, and therefore, their overcoming requires all countries to join forces and share experiences. As stated, the issue of environmental protection and environmental security is becoming geopolitical in nature, given the international cooperation in the field of environmental protection which began more than 100 years ago. The author shows the signs of ensuring the implementation of the environmental rights of citizens both in Ukraine and abroad. Examples of effective international cooperation in the field of environmental protection are given. The author analyses the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights in cases related to the subject matter of the study. It is determined that when making a decision, national courts should adhere to the criteria set out by the European Court of Human Rights; find out how a certain situation arose; whether the State knew and should have known that the danger or harmful effect would affect the applicant’s private life; to what extent the applicant contributed to the deterioration of the situation and was able to remedy it without excessive costs. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results in specialised classes, as well as in the preparation of scientific texts
Public control over the activities of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine: An introduction to the problem
Authors: Lozinskyi Illia
Published: February 2024

The research relevance is determined by the importance of public control over the activities of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, which follows directly from the status of this central executive body and its key tasks. The study aims to explore the concept and legal nature of public control as a modern institution, to establish the specifics of its formation and to determine in general terms the peculiarities of its adaptation to the functions and tasks of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. The key method of the research is formal-dogmatic (special legal), which is used to study the legal and regulatory constructions of understanding of public control, its goals and mechanisms. The study establishes the relationship between the content of the concept of public control and the goals which it sets or should set. Local self-government bodies and other entities are the primary providers of public control, and it is substantiated that the essence of public control is realised through the tasks of monitoring, inspection and supervision of activities of public authorities, local self-government bodies and other entities. The author establishes that the ultimate goal of control is to ensure that the subjects under control comply with the requirements of legislation, human and civil rights and freedoms, and the principles and values of civil society. It is found that the most balanced approach from the point of view of the needs of public administration and the realities of modern democratisation of Ukraine is a broad understanding of public control as a permanent and systematic, multifaceted activity of civil society institutions in their close interaction with the object of control: governmental authorities, law enforcement agencies, judicial and expert bodies, etc. The theoretical value of the article lies in a comprehensive review of the current state of understanding of the concept of public control. The practical value of the study lies in the fact that its results can be used to further improve the legal and regulatory framework for public control in Ukraine.
PEMBERIAN MOL KEONG MAS DAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KACANG NAGARA DI LAHAN GAMBUT
Authors: Magistra Toria , Wahdah Raihani , Aidawati Noor
Published: February 2024

This research aims to examine the effect of the interaction of golden snail MOL with chicken manure on the growth and yield of nagara bean plants and to examine the best combination of golden snail MOL and chicken manure on the growth and yield of nagara bean plants. This research used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor of the MOL dose for golden snails consists of 4 levels, m1 = 5 ml L-1 : m2 = 10 ml L-1 : m3 = 15 ml L-1 : m4 = 20 ml L-1. The second factor of chicken manure dosage (K) consists of 4 levels, k0 = 0 t ha-1 :k1 = 5 t ha-1 :k2 = 10 t ha-1 :k3 = 15 t ha-1. The results of the study showed that there was no interaction between golden snail MOL and chicken manure on all observed parameters. The single factor of giving MOL golden snails had a significant effect on the variable height of plants aged 4, 7, 13, and 14 WAP. Providing higher concentrations of golden snail MOL (20 and 15 ml L-1) had a good effect on the growth of nagara bean plants. The single factor of giving chicken manure had a significant effect on the variables of plant height aged 11, 12, 13, and 14 WAP, weight of 100 seeds, seed yield per plant, and plant yield per hectare. Providing chicken manure at a rate of 15 t ha-1 had a good effect on plant height, number of seeds, weight of 100 seeds, seed yield, yield per plant, and yield per hectare.
PENGARUH DOSIS MOLASES PADA PEMBUATAN PROBIOTIK DARI FILTRAT CAMPURAN LUMPUR SUSU DAN JERAMI PADI TERHADAP PH, TOTAL BAKTERI DAN KHAMIR
Authors: Marlina Eulis Tanti , Badruzzaman Zamzam , Firdaus Machfudz
Published: February 2024

Molase berperan penting dalam menyediakan sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan mikroorganisme probiotik yang diperoleh dari filtrasi dekomposisi awal campuran lumpur susu dan jerami padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kualitas mikroorganisme probiotik ketika diberikan dosis molase yang berbeda dan untuk mengetahui dosis molase yang optimal untuk pertumbuhannya. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan menggunakan tiga dosis molase yang berbeda, yaitu 2,5%, 5%, dan 7,5%. Parameter yang diukur meliputi pH, jumlah bakteri, dan ragi. Setiap dosis molase diulang sebanyak enam kali untuk setiap parameter yang diukur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian dosis molase berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pH, jumlah total bakteri, dan ragi. Dalam konteks probiotik yang berasal dari filtrat campuran lumpur susu dan jerami padi, dosis molase 7,5% muncul sebagai dosis yang menghasilkan nilai pH terendah dan pertumbuhan bakteri dan ragi tertinggi.
DIVERSIFIKASI PENDAPATAN DALAM USAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM PETELUR DI UD MEGA PUTIH LIMBOTO
Authors: Lihawa Fadiilah Zalzabillah , Imran Supriyo , Boekoesoe Yuriko
Published: February 2024

The research aimed to (1) determine the production process in layer chicken farming at UD Mega Putih and (2) determine the diversification of profits and feasibility of layer chicken farming at UD Mega Putih. This research used descriptive research in the form of a case study. The informants involved in this research were employees at UD Mega Putih, where primary data and secondary data were used in research activities. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and observation while the data analysis was carried out using income analysis, business feasibility, and break-even point. The analysis included cage depreciation cost, equipment depreciation cost, tax cost, seed cost, feed cost, medicine cost, electricity cost, labor cost, and marketing cost in one cycle, namely 2 years (730 days) by calculating based on the results field observation, namely interviewing respondent (Owner of UD Mega Putih). The research findings indicated that the UD Mega Putih layer chicken farming business earned an income of IDR 7,888,166,667/ cycle (730 days) for layer chicken with several 9,500 chickens, IDR 70,000,000/ cycle (60 days) for pullets with several 1000 chickens, and IDR 990,000/ cycle (60 days) for 90 sacks of manure. Thus, the income earned from the layer hen farming business at UD Mega Putih was feasible and profitable.
TEBASAN PADA USAHA TANI CENGKEH DI DESA MADENAN, KECAMATAN TEJAKULA
Authors: Semaranata I Gusti Agung , Arisena Gede Mekse Korri
Published: February 2024

This research aims to examine three problem factors—first, the characteristics of the tebasan operating in Madenan Village. The second relates to the decision-making basis for determining the value of the penebas. The last is business management. The types and sources of data used were primary and secondary. Respondents in this study were 13 redeemers operating in Madenan Village. Data analysis was used to determine the characteristics, and decision-making basis. Business management used qualitative descriptive analysis, and in determining the decision-making basis for determining the value of the penebas, a Guttman scale was used to get a firm answer. The results showed that the characteristics of penebas in Madenan Village based on age are in the productive age category, which impacts performance and productivity. Based on decision-making, experience plays an important role in the calculation of the interpretation of the penebas that will determine the accuracy of the penebas intuition. In business management, employee monitoring plays an important role in determining the suitability of the interpretation results to reality.
PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TERNAK KAMBING DI DESA TULABOLO BARAT
Authors: Ali Siskawati S , Baruwadi Mahludin H , Ramli St Aisyah
Published: February 2024

The goat-farming business has quite promising prospects for development. This research aims to analyze the prospects for developing goat farming businesses in West Tulabolo Village, East Suwawa District. Using snowball sampling techniques, six breeders, two village officials, and one extension officer were selected as informants for this study. This research uses primary and secondary data sources. Research data was analyzed using the SWOT analysis framework (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats). Based on the research results, it show that the IFE (internal factor evaluation) matrix score is 3,27 and the EFE (external factor evaluation) matrix score is 3,04. This shows that the prospects for developing the goat farming business in West Tulabolo Village are strong (3,0–4,0) in square one, consisting of market development and market penetration. Market development is done by improving the quality of breeder resources, and promoting and increasing public knowledge to encourage participation in goat production. Apart from that, it is important to implement a market penetration strategy to increase the market share of the goat farming business. Thus, we hope that establishing a goat farming business will provide a profitable opportunity for both breeders and the community in West Tulabolo Village.
INDUKSI TUNAS PADA DUA VARIETAS PISANG (Musa acuminata C.) TERHADAP LAMA PENGGELAPAN SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Ainipasha Dzikrie Mary , Susiyanti Susiyanti , Isminingsih Sulastri , Millah Zahratul
Published: February 2024

A sufficient supply of healthy plants must be provided to balance the rising demand for bananas. A technique that can be used for propagation is tissue culture. Environmental factors and a variety of types are factors that affect explant growth. This research aimed to determine the effect of darkening duration on the growth of two banana (Musa sp.) varieties in vitro. In this study, a Factorial Randomized Block Design was implemented, considering two elements, namely the variety of bananas and the duration of darkening. The research showed that the time of shoot emergence started at 1.83 WAP in Cavendish grand naine treatment without darkening. The type of variety treatment had a significant effect on the number of leaves, and the best variety was Cavendish grand naine. The darkening duration treatment with four weeks of darkening increased shoot height significantly. An interaction between these two factors was observed in the number of shoots, shoot height, and number of leaves.
PRODUKSI DAN KANDUNGAN NUTRIEN HIJAUAN RUMPUT Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott, DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR HASIL VERMICOMPOSTING LIMBAH SAPI POTONG
Authors: Susilawati Iin , Marlina Eulis Tanti , Badruzzaman Deden Zamzam
Published: February 2024

Fertilization is a very important effort for Dwarf Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott) to achieve forage production and high nutritional quality following its potential. This research aims to determine the yield of dry matter, crude protein content, and crude fiber of Dwarf Elephant Grass by application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) resulting from vermicomposting of beef cattle waste. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Forage Crop, and the Ruminant Animal Nutrition and Feed Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University from January to June 2018. The research method used was the experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design using 3 treatments, namely P1 (5,000 L per Ha), P2 (10,000 L per Ha), and P3 (15,000 L per Ha), and 6 replications. Data were processed by analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that giving LOF increased the production, increased the content of crude protein, and decreased the crude fiber content of Dwarf Elephant Grass forage. Giving LOF from vermicomposting beef cattle waste at a dose of 15,000 L per Ha resulted in the highest forage dry matter yield (1,925 kg per Ha), one-time cutting at dry season, and the best nutrient content seen from the crude protein content (13.95%) and crude fiber content (28.53%).
KANDUNGAN ACID DETERGENT FIBER (ADF) DAN NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER (NDF) PADA RUMPUT Brachiaria humidicola PADA UMUR DEFOLIASI BERBEDA
Authors: Ni'mah Gusti Khairun , Djaya Muhammad Syarif
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the content of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) of Brachiaria humidicola grass at different depoliation ages. This research is a pure experiment using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with three treatments (40 days, 50 days and 60 days) and three replications. The results showed that depoliation age had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the NDF and ADF content of Brachiaria humidicola grass with NDF values ranging from 64.20% to 65.49%, while ADF values ranged from 36.75% to 43.99%.
Cultural Hybridization and Political Upheaval in Khan's City of Spies
Authors: Anam Sara , Khan Rana Abdul Munim
Published: February 2024

Throughout history, political instability has been a persistent issue for diasporic communities, exacerbating the challenges they already face. The present research endeavours to examine the impact of political turmoil on diasporic communities, with a particular focus on its role in shaping cultural identity, hybridity, and conflicting loyalties. The present research employs a qualitative analysis to amalgamate a substantial corpus of literature and deduces that diasporas are significantly impacted by political instability and violence, resulting in adverse outcomes such as relocation, trauma, and cultural identity loss. This study delves into the complexity of diasporic identity and the notion of hybridity, frequently linked to diaspora communities. Empirical evidence suggests that diasporic communities frequently experience a sense of estrangement and encounter competing allegiances due to their inability to fully assimilate their cultural heritage into their novel surroundings. Research has demonstrated the significance of comprehending diasporic identities and the obstacles that individuals encounter, particularly within the framework of contemporary political instability.The research findings highlight the need for policymakers and stakeholders to take into account the distinctive perspectives and experiences of diasporas, particularly in light of current political unrest. In order to comprehend and help diaspora groups, it also emphasizes the need for additional research on diaspora identity, cultural hybridity, and competing loyalties.
Emerging Patterns in Roadside Landscape: A Case Study of Lahore Ring Road
Authors: Pervaiz Samirah , Tariq Fariha , Tariq Saroosh
Published: February 2024

Lahore is a conurbation that has experienced many vicissitudes throughout its existence. Streets and roads have given a route for transportation. This development has introduced new components like underpasses, overhead bridges and a periphery Ring Road. The current study has analyzed the landscape of Lahore Ring Road over a period of four years. The focus of the study is to comprehend the landscape design along the first segment of this road. In order to track the changes in the landscape at this time, visual surveys of the Lahore Ring Road were conducted at interval of four years. The field observations were compared to the digital data to draw comparisons between the two sets of visual evidence. There is already one Ring Road in Peshawar. Given that Rawalpindi is developing a Ring Road, which will eventually include landscape, this analysis assumes greater significance.
Addressing Gender Disparities in Education: Empowering Girls through Education in Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Chaudhry Ibrahim Tahir , Ahmed Haider Nafees , Shinwari Mohammed Nawab
Published: February 2024

Education may transform everyone's life, regardless of gender. Gender bias remains widespread. Pakistan's rural areas are especially bad. Pakistani women have been exploited since independence. Pakistani women rarely receive constitutional rights. Discrimination against women in the job, school, economy, and politics predates the 20th century. 200 teachers and 200 students from around Pakistan were selected for a good sample. A typical questionnaire assessed the girls' school backgrounds, objectives, and gender equality beliefs. At the schools examined men and women had very different educational opportunities. Lack of resources, social pressures, and discriminatory laws and practices make it tougher for girls to receive an education, according to research. The report concludes that broad governmental action to close the gender education gap is important. It offers gender-sensitive classrooms and community-building projects.
Transgender Rights Law in Pakistan: Mental Health Perspective
Authors: Ajmal Ali , Rasool Faiza
Published: February 2024

The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2018 is an exclusive statutory law dealing with the rights of transgender persons in Pakistan, the greatest strength of which is the right given to transgender persons to be recognized based on their self-perceived gender identity. However, in its recent judgement, the Federal Shariat Court struck down some of the key sections of this act by declaring them unIslamic. Gender is a social construct and is different from the biological sex. Gender identity, which is the innermost feeling of a person, cannot be changed. Moreover, transgender identity is not a mental disorder and is different from gender dysphoria. This paper discusses the transgender law in Pakistan in detail and the insights from the field of mental health to understand the transgender phenomenon and to handle transgenders' rights in Pakistan by bridging the gaps between the understandings of relevant stakeholders.
Teaching Values to Secondary School Students: An Analysis of Teachers' Practices
Authors: Khan Imran , Muhammad Yaar , Waqar Yasira
Published: February 2024

In this multiple case study, the focus was on how teachers in the selected schools in Narowal cultivate values in their secondary school students. To attain a comprehensive understanding, twenty teachers were purposefully selected for interviews. Qualitative content analysis using NVivo 12 software was used to analyse the gathered data. The research found that these teachers employed diverse approaches to teaching values education. They incorporated storytelling, moral dilemmas, Islamic quotes, examples, activities, games, and projects into their practices. Furthermore, they aimed to foster a positive atmosphere in the classroom by endorsing respect, cooperation, tolerance, and empathy among students. However, the teachers felt hindered by several challenges. They highlighted time constraints due to curriculum overload, the presence of large class sizes, test-oriented educational systems, a diverse student population, and limited resources as factors impeding their effectiveness. Following these findings, it is recommended across society and administration levels that support should be provided to aid secondary school teachers in delivering effective values education.
Acquisition of Agricultural Information from the Social Media and Interpersonal Channels by Farmers
Authors: Salam Ahsan , Iqbal Ashraf , Parveen Kishwar
Published: February 2024

The primary goal of this research is to discover and explain how farmers in Faisalabad utilise social media and interposed channels to receive agricultural knowledge. Furthermore, the study was intended to investigate farmers' socio-demographic traits and their subsequent link with the usage of social media and interpersonal communication channels. Data for this research study were gathered from 257 farmers in the Faisalabad district. A structured questionnaire was utilised to collect data as part of the survey approach. Among the social media, Facebook is the most used media and among interpersonal channels Cosmopolite's character of famers was rated highest.
Relationship between Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Manufacturing Firms through Moderating Role of ISO-14001
Authors: Rasool Nosheen , Zulfiqar Zunaira
Published: February 2024

The objective of this research is to investigate the potential moderating role of ISO14001 in the relationship between corporate governance and firm financial performance. Corporate governance is measured using four dimensions, the variable considered in this analysis encompass board size, frequency of board meetings, gender diversity within the board, and the presence of independent non-executive directors. The assessment of financial performance involves both accounting-based and market-based metrics. The results of this study are obtained from annual company reports, and the study employs purposive sampling with a sample size of 70 manufacturing firms from the PXS 100 index. The empirical findings indicate that CG has a positive significant influence on both ROA and Tobin's Q. Additionally, ISO14001 significantly moderates the relationship between CG and FP.
Global Citizenship and Cosmopolitanism in Burnt Shadows and the Inheritance of Loss
Authors: Aalam Rukhsar , Riaz Nailah
Published: February 2024

The study of global ties is the focus of cosmopolitanism. Cultural, ethnic, and racial harmony are among its stated goals. This research analyses the effects of cosmopolitanism and globalization on the construction of authority and individuality in the novels The Inheritance of Loss and Burnt Shadows. Bhabha's (1994) framework was used for the analysis. The research found that cosmopolitanism is influenced by both cultural and social elements. Examining the effects of cosmopolitanism on postcolonial art is the focus of this research. Postcolonial scholars and others will be impacted by the study. It emphasizes comparative literature from around the world. This method encourages researchers to delve deeper into how postcolonial literature's global themes have influenced contemporary debates. The findings may stimulate further conversations on how to deal with issues of self and authority in a globalized society, as suggested by the paper's conclusion.
Optimizing Three-Tank Liquid Level Control: Insights from Prairie Dog Optimization
Authors: Izci Davut , Ekinci Serdar
Published: February 2024

The management of chemical process liquid levels poses a significant challenge in industrial process control, affecting the efficiency and stability of various sectors such as food processing, nuclear power generation, and pharmaceutical industries. While Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control is a widely-used technique for maintaining liquid levels in tanks, its efficacy in optimizing complex and nonlinear systems has limitations. To overcome this, researchers are exploring the potential of metaheuristic algorithms, which offer robust optimization capabilities. This study introduces a novel approach to liquid level control using the Prairie Dog Optimization (PDO) algorithm, a metaheuristic algorithm inspired by prairie dog behavior. The primary objective is to design and implement a PID-controlled three-tank liquid level system that leverages PDO to regulate liquid levels effectively, ensuring enhanced stability and performance. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using the ZLG criterion, a time domain metric-based objective function that quantifies the system's efficiency in maintaining desired liquid levels. Several analysis techniques are employed to understand the behavior of the system. Convergence curve analysis assesses the PDO-controlled system's convergence characteristics, providing insights into its efficiency and stability. Statistical analysis determines the algorithm's reliability and robustness across multiple runs. Stability analysis from both time and frequency response perspectives further validates the system's performance. A comprehensive comparison study with state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms, including AOA-HHO, CMA-ES, PSO, and ALC-PSODE, is conducted to benchmark the performance of PDO. The results highlight PDO's superior convergence, stability, and optimization capabilities, establishing its efficacy in real-world industrial applications. The research findings underscore the potential of PDO in PID control applications for three-tank liquid level systems. By outperforming benchmark algorithms, PDO demonstrates its value in industrial control scenarios, contributing to the advancement of metaheuristic-based control techniques and process optimization. This study opens avenues for engineers and practitioners to harness advanced control solutions, thereby enhancing industrial processes and automation.
Microgrid Energy Management using Weather Forecasts: Case Study, Discussion and Challenges
Authors: Akter Mst. Sumi , Islam Asm Mohaimenul , Hasan Md Maruf
Published: February 2024

The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the integration of weather forecasts which can lead to a significant reduction in energy costs and carbon emissions while ensuring the reliability of the microgrid operation. By serving a small area or a particular building, the incorporation of weather forecasts can considerably increase the efficiency of microgrid energy management. The planning and operation of microgrids can be greatly improved by using weather predictions, which give useful information about upcoming weather conditions. By forecasting future energy demand and supply based on meteorological conditions, Microgrid Energy Management (MEM) is utilized to optimize the energy management decisions in microgrid systems. Making better choices regarding energy generation, storage, and consumption may be aided by the incorporation of weather forecasts, which can offer a more precise and trustworthy estimate of the energy demand and supply. This strategy can result in increased energy efficiency, decreased energy prices, and decreased carbon emissions, all of which are important goals for contemporary power systems. A promising approach for raising energy effectiveness and lowering greenhouse gas emissions in contemporary power networks is MEM. The incorporation of weather forecasts into MEM can improve decision-making regarding energy management by giving a better insight of future energy demand and supply. This essay examines the advantages and disadvantages of using weather forecasts in MEM through the presentation of a case example. By providing valuable information about future weather conditions, weather forecasts this review explain the Optimized Renewable Energy Integration, Improved Energy Storage Utilization, Load Shifting and Demand Response, Efficient Grid Management for reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering energy cost and carbon emissions. In order to address the issues related with MEM employing weather forecasts, this study offers potential fixes for increasing the accuracy of weather forecasts and emphasizes the necessity for more research in this area.
Intelligent Controller Based on Artificial Neural Network and INC Based MPPT for Grid Integrated Solar PV System
Authors: Kumar Anil , Chaudhary Priyanka , Shah Owais Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have become an integral part of today's advanced energy infrastructure due to its low kinetic energy, its abundance availability, and its freedom from human interference. Solar PV systems have the potential to greatly reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, but their intermittent nature means they cannot provide a constant source of electricity. The system's security should be well thought out, and it should be able to withstand a lot of abuse. The current energy system faces a significant difficulty in ensuring continuous supply. In this study, a three-phase, two-stage photovoltaic system that is managed by artificial neural networks (ANN). A DC-DC boost converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) based on the incremental conductance (INC) method is incorporated in the first stage. In the next step, an ANN-based controller optimizes the performance of a three-phase switching PWM inverter that is connected to the grid by controlling currents along the d-q axis. Comprehensive simulations were carried out using MATLAB or Simulink to evaluate the system's performance under various illumination and temperature conditions. Results show that the suggested approach outperforms the baseline in a number of areas. Better dynamic reactions, accurate tracking of reference currents within permissible bounds, and quick settling periods after startup are all displayed by it. These findings show that our method has the potential to greatly improve the efficiency and dependability of solar PV systems. The results of this study have implications for renewable energy in general and present a viable path toward enhancing the resilience and sustainability of energy infrastructure.
Optimizing Solar Energy Harvesting: Supervised Machine Learning-Driven Peak Power Point Tracking for Diverse Weather Conditions
Authors: Ishrat Zaiba , Babar Ali Kunwar , Vats Satvik , Kumar Surender
Published: February 2024

Solar Power is one of the significant prevalent forms of clean energy due to its perceived to be pollution-free and easily accessible. The market for renewable energy was established by the rapid development in electrical energy consumption and the diminution of conventional energy resources (CER). Under varying weather condition extracted energy from solar system is not constant and maximum. This study suggests the applicability of machine learning algorithm (MLA) in Peak power point tracking (P3T) methods to maximize power of a PV arrangement under varying weather conditions. Machine learning methods optimize peak power point tracking in solar photovoltaic systems by bringing agility, data-driven decision-making, and increased accuracy. MLAs improve the overall efficiency, stability, and dependability of these systems by handling the unpredictability of solar energy production under varying weather circumstances and PSCs Because MLAs are able to learn and adjust to non-linear relationships between solar intensity and PVS output. In this study, the squared multiple squared exponential Gaussian process regression method SGPRA tested in three rapidly varying ecological conditions. The performance of ML-P3T methods is validated using Matlab/Simulink, and the simulation outcome are compared with one of the most used algorithms, the variable step size incremental conductance algorithm (VINA). The Matlab/Simulink findings show that SGPRA operates significantly better under varying weather circumstances, harnessing more peak power efficiency 90%, shorter tracking time 0.13 sec, a mean error of 0.042, and superior stability.
Comparison between Compensated and Uncompensated PD with Cascade Controller Design of PMDC Motor: Real Experiments
Authors: Yean Sopheak , Srang Sarot
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we compare two different kinds of position controllers, namely PD (both compensated and uncompensated PD) and Cascade controller (both compensated and uncompensated Cascade).  SIMULINK software is used to implement lumped parameters estimation with UKF. The Proportional-Derivative (PD) controller design by root locus and Cascade controller design have been chosen for our feedback system, and coulomb friction as disturbance is taken into account in the estimation model. The aim of this paper is to find out which controller is better (both compensated and uncompensated PD controller vs. both compensated and uncompensated Cascade controller). Therefore, the objective is to show how useful the parameter estimation for controller design with compensation. Through comparing two position controller designs, the experiment results show that both Compensated Proportional Derivative (PD) controller and Cascade controller Design have much better performance than the Uncompensated ones.
Numerical investigation of an extra-deep drawing process with industrial parameters: formability analysis and process optimization
Authors: Belguebli Amina , Zidane Ibrahim , Hadj Amar Adel , Benhamou Abdessoufi
Published: February 2024

Extra-deep drawing is one of the most important sheet metal forming processes. The appearance of rupture and wrinkling are the most commonly encountered problems in this process. These defects are also very common at a local company, particularly in the manufacturing of wheelbarrow trays. As a consequence, substantial time and costs are incurred in industrial production. To thoroughly analyze and address these defects, the extra-deep drawing operation of the wheelbarrow tray was modeled by the FE method using Abaqus software. A defect-free manufactured wheelbarrow tray was used to validate the accuracy of the numerical approach. Precise measurements of its dimensions were taken through the reverse engineering process using a 3D scanner. Furthermore, other measurements were made with an ultrasonic thickness gauge to have more precise measurements of the product’s thickness. Comparing experimental and numerical results showed good agreement. The outcomes of the numerical analysis indicate that the final shape of the wheelbarrow tray does not contain rupture or wrinkling defects, accurately corresponding to the real cases manufactured at the company. Numerical modeling and optimization of the extra-deep drawing process performed in this study could potentially reduce production losses and improve the overall efficiency of industrial manufacturing.
Effect of Bacillus Subtilis Bacteria on The Mechanical Properties of Corroded Self-Healing Concrete
Authors: Nindhita Kharisma Wira , Zaki Ahmad , Zeyad Abdullah M.
Published: February 2024

Reinforced concrete has a weakness for corrosion which can cause the concrete to crack and the concrete structure to fail. To overcome this problem, a self-healing concrete method is needed that can close cracks and inhibit the rate of natural corrosion. Bacillus subtilis as a self-healing agent in concrete has been proven to be able to increase the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The method used in this research is to add bacterial hydrogel encapsulation to concrete with a variation of 0%; 0.1%; 0.6%; and 1.5% by weight of sand. The test object is a reinforced concrete beams and cylindrical concrete with compressive design strength of 30 MPa. The concrete specimens will go through a series of tests, such as corrosion acceleration tests using DC power supply, self-healing tests by visual observation, flexural strength, ductility, stiffness, and compressive strength tests using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). From the test results, it was found that the addition of 0.1% bacterial encapsulation variation was the optimum value for increasing the mechanical properties of self-healing concrete and reduce the corrosion rate on self-healing concrete.
Application of Machine Learning in Fracture Analysis of Edge Crack Semi-Infinite Elastic Plate
Authors: Hossein Moghtaderi Saeed , Jedi Alias , Ariffin Ahmad Kamal , Thamburaja Prakash
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the application of machine learning techniques, notably artificial neural networks (ANN), in the fracture analysis of semi-infinite elastic plates with edge cracks. The Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) model for a semi-infinite plate with a tip crack is employed in the study, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed via ABAQUS CAE to build a comprehensive dataset containing numerical simulations data. To improve accuracy and reliability, data preprocessing is implemented, and ANN as a valuable machine learning model is trained with various variables describing crack propagation, stress distribution, and plate structure as input parameters. The suggested method is compared to established fracture analysis methods, proving its accuracy in predicting crack behavior and stress distribution under a variety of loading circumstances. The model provides useful insights into the behavior of edge cracks in semi-infinite elastic plates, enhancing material engineering and structural mechanics. The study demonstrates the potential of combining FEA and machine learning to improve fracture analysis capabilities, and it discusses limitations and future research directions, encouraging the exploration of advanced machine learning techniques and broader fracture scenarios for future fracture mechanics innovation.
Residual stress determination by blind hole drilling and local displacement mapping in aluminium alloy aerospace components
Authors: Eleonsky Sviatoslav , Pisarev Vladimir , Statnik Eugene , Salimon Alexey , Korsunsky Alexander
Published: February 2024

The determination of residual stresses by combining blind hole drilling and optical interferometric measurement of relief deformation is re-visited to evaluate its applicability to aerospace structures. The experimental methodology involves drilling a deep blind hole and evaluating the hole diameter increments in the principal strain directions using electronic speckle-pattern interferometry (ESPI). This is followed by the determination of the principal residual stress components via the solution of the inverse correlation problem. The study presents the pathway to overcoming one of the primary obstacles in residual stress determination, namely, the optimization of the measurement and interpretation procedures to obtain reliable results. It can be concluded from the analysis of the problem that the formulae connecting the raw experimental data and to the sought residual stress component values lead to a well-posed inverse problem. This makes it possible to obtain estimations of the measurement uncertainty. High density fringe patterns from ESPI provide a rapid and reliable method for residual stress determination, as illustrated using examples of approximately 160 MPa stresses in irregular zones of thick-walled structures.
Application Research of Computer Statistics System in the Construction of Public Sports Service System for National Fitness in Free Trade Port
Authors: Chen Weiguo , Xie Qiuxiang , Yang Qinqin , Hao Yanlong , Hao Wenting
Published: February 2024

The reconstruction of public sports service system is the core issue facing the construction of free trade port. Through the investigation of the status quo of public sports service system in the construction of free trade port, the gap between Hainan free trade port and international and domestic public sports service system is concluded through computer statistical analysis and research. And then through the expert demonstration, under the leadership and support of the government, a series of public sports service system and industrial development policies and measures suitable for the construction of free trade ports are formulated.
Heterogeneous Distributed Control Strategy for UAV-USV at Fixed-Time
Authors: Zhang Xinman , Chen Yuqing , Lu Wenlong , Yu Wei
Published: February 2024

Focusing on the collaborative control of quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and underactuated Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs), this article presents a cooperative control algorithm based on fixed-time theory. By constructing an adaptive neural network to approximate model uncertainty and unknown disturbances in the system, this algorithm satisfies the coordinated motion constraints between UAVs and USVs, while achieving group control objectives such as trajectory tracking. Additionally, this article employs the fixed-time method in the Lyapunov function to analyze system stability, ensuring that the cooperative control error converges within a fixed time, ultimately enabling fast and stable tracking of targets between UAVs and USVs. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through numerical simulation experiments.
Development of 3D Visualization Training System for Switch Room Safety Procedures
Authors: Wenjun Qiu , Jia Guo Lai , Hong Zhou , Shuai Xu , Chao Li , Shen Xiaojun
Published: February 2024

Safety procedures are the fundamental criteria to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment, and their proficiency and the rigor of the application are crucial. According to the actual existing training technology digital means is relatively backward, intuitive, affect the lack of training depth and effect, this paper to the switch room equipment as the object, based on 3Dmodeling and virtual simulation technology design and developed a can realize safety procedures learning, training of 3D visualization software tools, to solve the difficulty of maintenance training, safety procedures training tools missing problems.
Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Multiscale Fusion
Authors: Xinping Shang , Yi Wang
Published: February 2024

To improve the visibility and clarity of images in underwater environment, this paper proposes an underwater image enhancement method based on multi-scale fusion. Firstly, the white balance method is used to correct the color of the underwater image, and the original color of the underwater elements is restored as much as possible. Secondly, the dark channel prior algorithm is used to solve the underwater image blur problem. Then, the CLAHE algorithm is used to enhance the contrast of the image. Finally, using weight allocation or fusion rules, multi-scale information and multi-stage fusion of the image are used to generate the final enhanced underwater image. Quantitative image quality evaluation indexes PSNR, SSIM and UIQE are used to evaluate underwater image quality. The results show that the proposed method can effectively solve the problem of underwater image color deviation, make the color of the image more accurate and natural, improve the contrast and brightness of the underwater image, and have better visual effect and richer detail information.
Semiconductor Material Porosity Segmentation in Flame Retardant Materials SEM Images Using Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning
Authors: Lu Siwei , Zhao Xiaofang , Liu Huazhu , Liang Hongjie
Published: February 2024

Non-halogenated flame retardants are becoming the trend in the development of polymer flame retardant materials due to their high flame retardant efficiency and low generation of toxic smoke gases. Non-halogenated flame retardants achieve flame retardancy by forming a dense char layer and generating non-combustible gases, with the micro-porous structure of the char residue being crucial for studying the flame retardant mechanism. This study focuses on the segmentation of pores in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the combustion char layer of non-halogenated flame retardant materials, which are cropped and labeled to form a unified dataset. We investigate the SEM image pore segmentation using data augmentation and transfer learning, addressing the challenge of limited sample size. We explore the impact of different data augmentation techniques and transfer learning on model performance. Additionally, we compare convolutional neural network (CNN) segmentation algorithms with traditional segmentation methods. Experimental results demonstrate that CNN segmentation algorithms outperform traditional methods in terms of segmentation accuracy. Offline data augmentation enhances model stability compared to online data augmentation, and adopting transfer learning significantly improves model performance metrics. Specifically, when training with VGG backbone weights through transfer learning, the average pixel accuracy and average intersection over union reach 94.49% and 89.88%, respectively.
Complemented subsets and Boolean-valued, partial functions
Authors: Misselbeck-Wessel Daniel , Petrakis Iosif
Published: February 2024

We study the two algebras of complemented subsets that were introduced in the constructive development of the Daniell approach to measure and integration within Bishop-style constructive mathematics. We present their main properties both for the so-called here categorical complemented subsets and for the extensional complemented subsets. We translate constructively the classical bijection between subsets and Boolean-valued, total functions by establishing a bijection between complemented subsets (categorical or extensional) and Boolean-valued, partial functions (categorical or extensional). The role of Myhill’s axiom of non-choice in the equivalence between categorical and extensional subsets is discussed. We introduce swap algebras of type (I) and (II) as an abstract version of Bishop’s algebras of complemented subsets of type (I) and (II), respectively, and swap rings as an abstract version of the structure of Boolean-valued partial functions on a set. Our examples of swap algebras and swap rings together with the included here results indicate that their theory is a certain generalisation of the theory of Boolean algebras and Boolean rings, a fact which we find interesting both from a constructive and a classical point of view.