bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Levodopa Responsiveness in Patients with Vascular Parkinsonism
Authors: Goyal Sheetal , Kamble Nitish , Mukheem Mudabbir M A , Bhattacharya Amitabh , Yadav Ravi , Pal Pramod Kumar
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Vascular Parkinsonism (VaP) is characterized by symmetric, predominantly lower limb bradykinesia and rigidity and no significant improvement with levodopa. We aimed to describe the clinical and radiological features of patients with VaP and the factors that determine levodopa responsiveness.

Methods:

This is a retrospective chart review of patients with VaP. The study included 44 patients (36 men) with VaP. The diagnosis was based on Zijlman's criteria. Demographic and clinical details were recorded from the case files. MRI data were available for all the patients. However, the motor severity scores assessed in the OFF and ON states using the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) part III were available for 17 patients only. Based on the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) finds, patients were categorized into isolated periventricular ischemic (PVI) changes, isolated basal ganglia (BG)/thalamic infarcts, and both combined.

Results:

The mean age at the diagnosis was 65.2 ± 7.4 years. Further, the age at the onset of symptoms was 61.8 ± 8.1 years and the total disease duration was 3.5 ± 2.5 years. Hypertension was the most common risk factor and was observed in 88.6% of patients. Symmetrical lower body parkinsonism was observed in 88.6%. The mean UPDRS part III OFF score was 33.76 ± 12.7 and ON score was 30 ± 13.98. PVI changes were the most common MRI abnormality detected. Patients with isolated BG/thalamic infarcts had better mini-mental status examination scores and better levodopa responsiveness compared to other groups.

Conclusions:

Hypertension was the most common risk factor seen in patients with VaP. Those with isolated BG/thalamus infarcts demonstrated better levodopa responsiveness.
Multi-Modal Rehabilitation Therapy in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders
Authors: Saluja Alvee , Goyal Vinay , Dhamija Rajinder K.
Published: November 2022

Long-term use of dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with reduction in efficacy and disabling dyskinesias. The current medical or surgical treatment modalities are ineffective for atypical parkinsonism syndromes. Hence, there is a need for holistic and cost-effective non-pharmacological interventions that act via multiple mechanisms to improve motor as well as non-motor symptoms among PD patients. Rehabilitation strategies focusing on multiple mechanisms can lead to improvement in certain symptoms among PD patients, which may be refractory to medical and surgical therapy. However, there is scanty literature available on the role of various rehabilitation strategies in patients with atypical parkinsonism patients. Multiple rehabilitation strategies such physiotherapy, aerobic exercises, strength/resistance exercises, treadmill training, cueing, dance and music, speech language therapy, occupational therapy, hydrotherapy, and martial arts have been found to improve motor as well as non-motor symptoms among PD patients. Newer modalities such as virtual-reality-based devices, exergaming, wearable sensors, and robotic prosthetic devices may be exciting future prospects in rehabilitation among patients with PD and atypical parkinsonian syndromes. This narrative review assessed and summarized the current evidence regarding the role of various rehabilitation strategies in PD and atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Furthermore, evidence regarding recent advancements in rehabilitation for patients with parkinsonism was highlighted. Despite the beneficial effect of rehabilitation in PD, there is still scanty literature available from India on rehabilitation strategies among PD patients. Larger prospective randomized control trials from India and other low- and middle-income countries, focusing on various rehabilitation strategies among PD patients, are an unmet need.
A Rare Event of Vestibular Complication Following Percutaneous Trigeminal Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Dara Sudheer , Elumalai Vinoth Kumar , Chandra Minal
Published: November 2022

We report here to draw attention to an uncommon complication that could arise from routinely performed procedure in pain practice such as percutaneous trigeminal radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We report a case of a 53-year-old female who underwent trigeminal nerve RFA for trigeminal neuralgia. RFA after adequate assessment with sensory and motor stimulation is performed as a routine procedure followed by 0.2 ml 1% lignocaine for dense sensory block at the target, following which the patient developed giddiness, nausea, vomiting, and nystagmus. After 2 h of rest and gaze fixation, her symptoms improved, with a decline in the severity of nystagmus. Symptoms gradually resolved over a period of 3 h. Proximity of the membranous part of the auditory tube to the foramen ovale might lead to such mishaps. Direct administration of 1% lignocaine into the middle ear via the auditory tube might be the most likely reason for her condition.
Effectiveness of Ozone-Oxygen Mixture by Ultrasonography-Guided Facet Medial Branch Block in the Treatment of Cervicogenic Dizziness
Authors: Beyaz Serbülent Gökhan , Yilmaz Mahmut Sinan , Demir Gürkan , Kocayiğit Havva , Eğilmez Oğuz Kadir
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Among many central and peripheral causes of vertigo, one of the factors whose pathophysiology is not yet understood is cervicogenic dizziness (CD). There are studies reporting that CD may benefit from facet joint medial bundle branch block (MBB). The purpose of our study was to share our experiences of MBB application using ultrasonography (USG) in patients diagnosed with CD.

Materials and Methods:

After physical examination and necessary cervical imaging, C1, C2 and C3 cervical facet joint MBB and ozone injection were performed using USG for patients who had vertigo and accompanying cervical pathology and neck pain. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, pain levels with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the effect of vertigo on the quality of life with the “Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI)” Turkish validation questionnaire were documented.

Results:

Thirty-five patients who met the criteria were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 50.8 ± 10.7. Of the 35 patients, 10 (28.6%) were male and 25 (71.4%) were female. There was a significant difference between the preoperative period and the postoperative 1st, 2nd, and 6th week VAS scores. A significant difference was found between the preoperative and the postoperative 2nd and 6th week DHI questionnaire survey results as well.

Conclusions:

In the follow-up after the procedures, it was observed that vertigo complaints of the patients decreased significantly.
Atypical Presentation of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Temporal Bone in a Toddler
Authors: Lee Eng Siang , Saniasiaya Jeyasakthy , Kulasegarah Jeyanthi , Kok Wai Leong , Chew Seow Fun
Published: November 2022

Ever since Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) was first described in 1865, mystery revolving around its cause and pathogenesis remains, although most agree that LCH is either a reactive or neoplastic process. We aim to highlight the importance of careful investigations of common presentation, which may lead to the diagnosis and treatment in a toddler. We report a case of LCH of the temporal bone with an atypical presentation in a toddler, which led to delayed diagnosis. The patient presented with a vague preauricular swelling and aural polyp. Imaging and histopathological examination of the biopsy revealed temporal bone LCH, and the child was referred to the pediatric oncology unit and successfully treated. This case clearly demonstrates the highly diversified clinical manifestation of LCH and the high level of suspicion required to diagnose it. We describe the challenge faced in managing this rare entity.
Expectations on Communication Abilities, Social Skills, and Academic Achievements of Children with Cochlear Implant in Indian Context
Authors: Kumar S. B. Rathna , Shora Sakeena , Saxena Udit , Bollapalli Vijaya Raju , Bapuji Mendem
Published: November 2022

Objective:

We assessed preoperative parental expectations on communication abilities, social skills, and academic achievements of children with cochlear implant (CI).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 18 questions from the “Parent Expectations Questionnaire for Cochlear Implants” related to communication abilities, social skills, and academic achievements were administered on a total of 80 parents who were in the process of cochlear implantation for their children.

Results:

The results revealed that parents expressed high expectations (expectation score between 81% and 100%) on communication abilities (82.5%), social skills (90.8%), and academic achievements (84.1%) of their children from cochlear implantation. With respect to questions related to communication abilities, social skills, and academic achievements, 87.28%, 97.17%, and 91.80% of parents, respectively, agreed that their children show improvements in the above domains.

Conclusions:

Overall, parents expressed high expectations on the outcomes of children with CI. Hence, CI team must judge the actualism in the preoperative parental expectations and disseminate accurate prognostic information that is expected from cochlear implantation before surgery in order to make the whole procedure effective.
Intratympanic Treatment in Chronic Subjective Tinnitus
Authors: Mendes Derya , Bal Kemal K. , Ismi Onur , Vayisoglu Yusuf
Published: November 2022

Aims:

The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of this treatment by evaluating the results of pure-tone audiometry, tinnitus rating scale, and tinnitus handicap questionnaire performed before and after intratympanic (IT) steroid treatment in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus who were not treated despite receiving medical treatment.

Settings and Design:

Twenty-three patients between 27 and 79 years of age who had normal physical examination had tinnitus complaints at least 3-month duration and who had been treated with IT steroid treatment were enrolled to the current study. Patients smaller than 18 years of age, patients with mental, neurological and psychological pathology, patients who had used any kind of medical treatment for tinnitus in the past 3 months, were excluded from the study.

Subjects and Methods:

The study included patients who were admitted to Mersin University Medicine Faculty Otorhinolaryngology Department, Department with tinnitus and were treated with IT steroid treatment. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients participating in the study.

Statistical Analysis Used:

All analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 22 package software trial version. The normal distribution of the data was examined with Shapiro–Wilk test. Frequency and percentage were calculated for categorical values.

Results:

In the tinnitus grading scale, a significant decrease in before and after treatment was determined for 17 patients with tinnitus complaints and was found statistically significant (P < 0.001). The results of tinnitus handicap questionnaires were rated between 21.4 and 69.6 for before treatment and between 11.4 and 63.6 for after treatment and were found statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

In this study, we found that IT steroid treatment decreased both tinnitus rating scale and tinnitus handicap scores for patients with chronic idiopathic tinnitus without hearing loss.
Klebsiella Ozaenae Subperiosteal Mastoid Abscess
Authors: Khadilkar Meera Niranjan , Dosemane Deviprasad , Suman Ethel , Islam Farnaz Nasrin
Published: November 2022

Subperiosteal abscess (SPA) is a known sequel of acute mastoiditis typically afflicting children and less often the elderly, caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and anaerobes. Atrophic rhinitis is a progressive disease with nasal mucosal and turbinate atrophy, thick dried crusts, and foul odor called ozaena, caused by Klebsiella ozaenae. We present an interesting case of SPA in the mastoid in a patient with atrophic rhinitis, astonishingly caused by a common pathogen, K. ozaenae, and a review of literature. The presence of coexistent atrophic rhinitis and mastoiditis should always compel otolaryngologists to consider K. ozaenae as the common etiology.
Profiling Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials Findings in Cerebellar Disorders
Authors: Babu Varsha Nattamai Satish , Narayanan Aishwarya
Published: November 2022

Cerebellar dizziness is a common clinical sign in patients with cerebellar dysfunction with several multifaceted consequences in the life of an individual. The clinical diagnosis of this type of dizziness is delayed or overlooked as its frequency is underestimated. Inaccurate examination of the vestibular or ocular motor systems contributes to this effect. However, with expansion of use of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) in the diagnosis of central disorders, makes it an important tool used in routine practice. The present study shows that oVEMP is majorly affected in various cerebellar disorders, making it a sensitive test to be used in suspected patients. Based on the vestibular evoked myogenic potential results and complete audiological profile in the patients with cerebellar demyelination and cerebellar atrophy, medical team was able to arrive at a diagnosis when the radiological findings were inconclusive. This study shows that oVEMPs are neurological responses, sensitive to cerebellar dysfunction.
Correlation of the vasoactive-inotropic score with the length of intensive care unit stay and COVID IgG titers, in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Matti Mahantesh , Maralihalli Mahesh B. , Mummadi Meghana , Reddy Shilpa
Published: November 2022

Background:

Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) often develop shock and require vasoactive agents. The vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) is a potential scoring system to assess the amount of vasoactive agent support required. The study was conducted to correlate VIS at 6 and 12 h with the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and with COVID immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers in cases of MIS-C with shock.

Subjects and Methods:

Demographic and clinical details were collected from patients with the diagnosis of MIS-C with shock requiring vasoactive agents. VIS was calculated at 6 and 12 h following initiation of the first inotropic/vasoactive agent.

Results:

Twenty-nine children admitted with the diagnosis of MIS-C who presented with shock or developed shock during hospital stay were the study population. On performing Spearman's correlation, a positive correlation was observed between COVID IgG titers and VIS at 6 h. There was no significant association between VIS and length of ICU stay.

Conclusions:

VIS had limited significance in predicting the length of ICU stay and the need for vasoactive agents required.
Hypertensive crisis in children with chronic kidney disease after instituting antitubercular therapy
Authors: Kumar Alok , Khrime Dorchhom , Sharma Utkarsh
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are reports of adults with CKD experiencing hypertensive crises and an increase in dosages and number of antihypertensive drugs after starting antitubercular therapy (ATT). Studies have demonstrated that rifampicin could increase the metabolism of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and prazosin. There are no studies or reports of worsening blood pressure (BP) control in children with CKD after starting ATT. Here, we report three cases of children who developed hypertensive crises after starting ATT. All patients presented in emergency with the acute severe rise of BP with breathlessness and or visual blurring. All of them showed retinal changes suggestive of malignant hypertension. They needed parenteral therapy to control BP. They also needed the escalation of antihypertensives and the addition of other drugs. One patient needed a withdrawal of rifampicin. It is suggested that children with CKD should be monitored for BP control after instituting ATT.
Renal Function Assessment by Estimation of Fractional Excretion of Sodium and Magnesium in Asphyxiated Newborn
Authors: Quader Mohammed Maruf Ul , Hanif Mohammed , Afroze Shireen , Khan Anwar Hossain
Published: November 2022

Background:

Fractional excretion of magnesium (FEMg) is found to be the most sensitive index among fractional excretion of solutes to detect tubular damage in glomerulonephritis, although fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is used to detect renal tubular dysfunction in perinatal asphyxia till date.

Aim and Objective:

The aim of this article is to assess the diagnostic performance of FENa and FEMg as renal function test in asphyxiated newborns.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 asphyxiated newborns in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Bangladesh, over 1 year. Serum and urine creatinine, sodium, and magnesium were assessed in each patient; FENa and FEMg were calculated. Serum creatinine was regarded as gold standard for renal function.

Results:

FENa had 63.64% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, 90.70% negative predictive value, and 92% accuracy. FEMg had 100% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, 45.83% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value, and 74% accuracy. Receiver-operating characteristic curve revealed that area under the curve for FENa was 0.990 and for FEMg was 0.833. So, area under the curve for FENa was more than that of FEMg.

Conclusion:

FENa is better than FEMg in the assessment of renal function of asphyxiated newborns.
Concomitant Infection of Typhoid and Rickettsia with Dengue Fever in Acute Febrile Patient
Authors: Hasnat Ferdousi , Shoma Farahnaz , Mehnaj Syeda , Farzana Shamima , Nurullah Mohammed , Anne Rifat T.
Published: November 2022

Rationale of the study and objectives:

Dengue fever is one of the major causes of acute febrile illness. Other causes of febrile illness may be associated with dengue. This cross-sectional observational study was done to find out other coinfections such as typhoid, malaria, and rickettsia with dengue in an acute febrile patient and aimed to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted at Kurmitola General Hospital from June 2019 to November 2019. A total of 244 patients were included in this study. All patients were admitted to the hospital with fever. All investigations that aimed to diagnose the acute febrile illness were done.

Results:

Among 244 patients, 62.29% patients were tested positive for dengue, 26.22% for rickettsia, and 11.47% for typhoid. Dengue monoinfection was 44.26%, and coinfection was 18.03%. Malarial case was not found. The mean age of children was 6.4 years. Majority (75%) came from rural areas, and 64.75% of studied children were male. Fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, loose motion were the main symptoms, and jaundice, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly were the main signs both in monoinfection and coinfection. Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, raised serum alanine transaminase, and elevated hematocrit were found in monoinfection as well as in coinfection.

Conclusion:

Symptoms of monoinfection and coinfection were overlapping, but treatment was rather different and difficult. So for proper treatment, early detection was necessary for reducing death rate and complication in acute febrile illness.
Generating function of multiple polylog of Hurwitz type
Authors: Ihara Kentaro , Kusunoki Yusuke , Nakamura Yayoi , Saeki Hitomi
Published: November 2022

We introduce interpolated multiple Hurwitz polylogs and interpolated multiple Hurwitz zeta values. In addition, we discuss the generating functions for the sum of the polylogs/zeta values of fixed weight, depth, and all heights. The functions are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. Compared with the pioneering results of Ohno and Zagier on the generating function, our setup generalizes the results in three directions, namely, at general heights, with a t-interpolation, and as a Hurwitz type. As an application, by fixing the Hurwitz parameter to rational numbers, the generating functions for multiple zeta values with level are given.
Fermat’s Last Theorem over and
Authors: Chen Imin , Efemwonkieke Aisosa , Sun David
Published: November 2022

We prove Fermat’s Last Theorem over
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {5})$
and
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {17})$
for prime exponents
$p \ge 5$
in certain congruence classes modulo
$48$
by using a combination of the modular method and Brauer–Manin obstructions explicitly given by quadratic reciprocity constraints. The reciprocity constraint used to treat the case of
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {5})$
is a generalization to a real quadratic base field of the one used by Chen and Siksek. For the case of
$\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {17})$
, this is insufficient, and we generalize a reciprocity constraint of Bennett, Chen, Dahmen, and Yazdani using Hilbert symbols from the rational field to certain real quadratic fields.
Community Participation in Habitat Management and Larviciding for the Control of Malaria Vectors in Southern Malawi
Authors: Gowelo Steven , Meijer Paola , Tizifa Tinashe , Malenga Tumaini , Mburu Monicah M. , Kabaghe Alinune N. , Terlouw Dianne J. , van Vugt Michèle , Phiri Kamija S. , Mzilahowa Themba , Koenraadt Constantianus J.M. , van den Berg Henk , Manda-Taylor Lucinda , McCann Robert S. , Takken Willem
Published: November 2022

Larval source management (LSM) could reduce malaria transmission when executed alongside core vector control strategies. Involving communities in LSM could increase intervention coverage, reduce operational costs, and promote sustainability via community buy-in. We assessed the effectiveness of community-led LSM to reduce anopheline larval densities in 26 villages along the perimeter of Majete Wildlife Reserve in southern Malawi. The communities formed LSM committees which coordinated LSM activities in their villages following specialized training. Effectiveness of larviciding by LSM committees was assessed via pre- and post-spray larval sampling. The effect of community-led LSM on anopheline larval densities in intervention villages was assessed via comparisons with densities in non-LSM villages over a period of 14 months. Surveys involving 502 respondents were undertaken in intervention villages to explore community motivation and participation, and factors influencing these outcomes. Larviciding by LSM committees reduced anopheline larval densities in post-spray sampling compared with pre-spray sampling (P < 0.0001). No differences were observed between anopheline larval densities during pre-spray sampling in LSM villages and those in non-LSM villages (P = 0.282). Knowledge about vector biology and control, and someone’s role in LSM motivated community participation in the vector control program. Despite reducing anopheline larval densities in LSM villages, the impact of the community-led LSM could not be detected in our study setting because of low mosquito densities after scale-up of core malaria control interventions. Still, the contributions of the intervention in increasing a community’s knowledge of malaria, its risk factors, and its control methods highlight potential benefits of the approach.
Clinical Features of COVID-19, Dengue, and Influenza among Adults Presenting to Emergency Departments and Urgent Care Clinics—Puerto Rico, 2012–2021
Authors: Wong Joshua M. , Volkman Hannah R. , Adams Laura E. , Oliveras García Carene , Martinez-Quiñones Alma , Perez-Padilla Janice , Bertrán-Pasarell Jorge , Sainz de la Peña Diego , Tosado-Acevedo Rafael , Santiago Gilberto A. , Muñoz-Jordán Jorge L. , Torres-Velásquez Brenda C. , Lorenzi Olga , Sánchez-González Liliana , Rivera-Amill Vanessa , Paz-Bailey Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Dengue and influenza are pathogens of global concern and cause febrile illness similar to COVID-19. We analyzed data from an enhanced surveillance system operating from three emergency departments and an urgent care clinic in Puerto Rico to identify clinical features predictive of influenza or dengue compared with COVID-19. Participants with fever or respiratory symptoms and aged ≥18 years enrolled May 2012–January 2021 with dengue, influenza, or SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were included. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs using logistic regression to assess clinical characteristics of participants with COVID-19 compared to those with dengue or influenza, adjusting for age, subregion, and days from illness onset to presentation for clinical care. Among 13,431 participants, we identified 2,643 with dengue (N = 303), influenza (N = 2,064), or COVID-19 (N = 276). We found differences in days from onset to presentation among influenza (2 days [interquartile range: 1–3]), dengue (3 days [2–4]), and COVID-19 cases (4 days [2–7]; P < 0.001). Cough (aOR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.07–0.19]) and shortness of breath (0.18 [0.08–0.44]) were less common in dengue compared with COVID-19. Facial flushing (20.6 [9.8–43.5]) and thrombocytopenia (24.4 [13.3–45.0]) were more common in dengue. Runny nose was more common in influenza compared with COVID-19 (8.3 [5.8–12.1]). In summary, cough, shortness of breath, facial flushing, and thrombocytopenia helped distinguish between dengue and COVID-19. Although few features distinguished influenza from COVID-19, presentation > 4 days after symptom onset suggests COVID-19. These findings may assist clinicians making time-sensitive decisions regarding triage, isolation, and management while awaiting pathogen-specific testing.
Case Report: Simple Nodular Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Autochthonous Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis in an 18-Month-Old Girl: The First Pediatric Case in Thailand and Literature Review
Authors: Anugulruengkitt Suvaporn , Songtaweesin Wipaporn Natalie , Thepnarong Nattawan , Tangthanapalakul Amatanun , Sitthisan Manassaya , Chatproedprai Susheera , Wititsuwannakul Jade , Likitnukul Sasithorn , Jariyapan Narissara , Weedall Gareth D. , Siriyasatien Padet , Preativatanyou Kanok
Published: November 2022

We report an autochthonous case of simple, localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in a healthy 18-month-old girl from southern Thailand. The patient presented with a solitary chronic cutaneous nodular lesion on her left cheek for approximately 1 year. Histopathological dissection of the cheek skin biopsy demonstrated remarkably nodular and interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes and histiocytes full of intracellular oval-shaped amastigotes, consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The Leishmania promastigotes were also cultured successfully from the lesion biopsy and were designated with the WHO code MHOM/TH/2021/CULE5. Using internal transcribed spacer 1-specific polymerase chain reaction, the parasite DNA was demonstrated in both saliva and lesion biopsy. Based on the BLASTn and phylogenetic analysis, the parasite was identified as Leishmania orientalis, clustered in the Mundinia subgenus. The patient responded well to a 6-week course of oral itraconazole, without recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of autochthonous leishmaniasis resulting from L. orientalis and the youngest patient of leishmaniasis ever reported in Thailand. More importantly, we also demonstrate the clinical course of the lesion according to the timeline before and after treatment, which can help physicians better understand and provide an accurate diagnosis with appropriate treatment of this emerging parasitic disease.
Between Democracy and Ochlocracy in the Context of the Centuries-Old Dispute about the Perfect Form of Government: The Legal Heritage of the Antiquity in View of the Challenges of Modernity
Authors: Wiązek Paweł
Published: November 2022

The author endeavored to enliven the universal discourse on the perfect system of government applicable to human society, which to many luminaries constitutes a certain paradigm of the science on the state and the law. While adopting a classical, chronological convention of the narrative herein commenced, the author made the time of Antiquity the point of departure, selected the Enlightenment as a form of a modern counterpoint thereto, and then finalized the deliberations carried out here against the reality of contemporary times. The intent of the exploration here was to place the research subject within the interdisciplinary framework, which was undoubtedly supported by the multifaceted nature of the problem at issue and by subsidiary utilization of the advantages of the comparative approach. The intention to present the issue through a broad perspective, transcending the boundaries of academic discourse, was naturally convergent therewith. As a result, the author did not shy from controversy, seeking the purpose of the actions undertaken, thereby in the formation of conclusions on what the applicable law should be. That allowed for the presentation of numerous remarks, assessments, and opinions, among which at least some may be deemed disputatious or plainly speaking, highly debatable. The investigator did not attempt to evade those; on the contrary – sought it in complete premeditation.
The Crown of St. Stephen as a Symbol of Legal Continuity and Hungarian Constitutionalism (Historical Background)
Authors: Kopyś Tadeusz
Published: November 2022

In Hungarian history, the Crown of St. Stephen was an important relic symbolizing the unity of the Hungarian state. It was not merely a coronation jewel or symbol of royal prerogatives, but a respected element of the country’s historic “millennial”constitution. Although the doctrine associated with it was a unique Hungarian constitutional theory, symbolizing national independence, it was flexible enough to serve various political ideas and ambitions. The Crown has always embodied the monarchical form of the Hungarian State, and its sacred character symbolized the strong alliance of the monarchy with the Catholic Church. Is this historical doctrine compatible with the values and requirements of modern Europe and the requirements of present-day Hungarian constitutionalism?
O perspektywach rozwoju instalacji fotowoltaicznych na zabytkach nieruchomych
Authors: Krzanowski Marcel
Published: November 2022

On prospects for the development of photovoltaic installations on immovable monuments

The evolution of distributed generation involves advantages related to the reduction of gaseous emissions as well as numerous threats. Implementing photovoltaics (PV) on historic buildings is one of them. Legal frameworks in Poland are favorable to PV; however, the projets themselves are not always the best solutions for monumental objects. Considering the legal role of provincial and local government conservators, the paper demonstrates perspectives for the development of a relation between PV and historic buildings. Conservators face enormous challenges in reconciling social expectations related to climate change and the protection of cultural heritage.

Rozwój energetyki rozproszonej to nie tylko korzyści wynikające ze zmniejszenia emisyjności gospodarki, ale także liczne wyzwania. Jednym z nich jest problematyka wykorzystywania na zabytkach nieruchomych instalacji fotowoltaicznych. Obecne rozwiązania prawne stanowią niewątpliwą zachętę do lokalizowania tego typu infrastruktury, jednak w niektórych przypadkach sama obecność paneli zagraża unikatowym wartościom obiektu. W artykule przedstawiono prognozy rozwoju korelacji fotowoltaiki i zabytków z uwzględnieniem praktyki stosowania prawa przez wojewódzkich i samorządowych konserwatorów zabytków. Ci ostatni stoją bowiem przed wyzwaniem pogodzenia klimatycznych oczekiwań społeczeństwa z misją ochrony dziedzictwa kultury.
Światowe i narodowe dziedzictwo kulturowe a reintegracja tzw. marmurów partenońskich
Authors: Łubian Weronika
Published: November 2022

World heritage and national heritage in the context of the reunification of the Parthenon Marbles

This article provides an exposition of two approaches to the integrity of cultural heritage: cultural nationalism and cultural internationalism. The controversy over the Parthenon Marbles between Greece and the United Kingdom illustrates this issue. The dispute has no resolution within the bounds of current legal norms. Furthermore, the international community has not yet reached a consensus on the legal, ethical, historical, and cultural bases upon which the issue could be resolved. Direct negotiations between the two interested parties could potentially provide the optimal path to a resolution, yet they require goodwill from both sides. In the event of a prolonged impasse in the negotiations, an intervention by the Intergovernmental Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property (ICPRCP) may be useful.

Celem artykułu jest pokazanie dwóch możliwych stanowisk wobec reintegracji narodowego dziedzictwa kulturowego – narodowego i światowego. Szczególnie dobrze ujawniają się one w kontekście starań Grecji o odzyskanie tzw. marmurów partenońskich z Wielkiej Brytanii. Reintegracja rzeźbionych części świątyni nie może dokonać się na podstawie współczesnych norm prawnych. W społeczności międzynarodowej nie ma zgodności co do jej legalnych, etycznych, historycznych i kulturowych podstaw. Najlepszym sposobem rozwiązania problemu mogłyby być negocjacje między zaangażowanymi podmiotami. Nie są one jednak możliwe bez dobrej woli obu stron. W długi konflikt został nawet włączony Międzyrządowy Komitet ds. Wspierania Zwrotu D
The European Landscape Convention with respect to the cultural landscape – a Polish perspective (Europejska Konwencja Krajobrazowa wobec krajobrazu kulturowego – perspektywa polska)
Authors: Woźniak Marta
Published: November 2022

The aim of this article is to address how the European Landscape Convention (ELC) defines the cultural landscape, and what tools the former provides for the latter’s protection. It is also crucial to determine, from the viewpoint of the Polish legal order, how the legislator implements the protection of the cultural landscape into national law. The general thesis of the article is that the ELC creates an integrated model of landscape protection in which the cultural landscape is considered an intrinsic component. The general thesis is accompanied by a detailed thesis that the ELC does not independently create an optimal level of protection for the cultural landscape, but rather shapes the direction that this protection will take. The ELC also defines the cultural landscape, including the mutual relations between natural and cultural values, as well as the perception of the landscape by people. The basic link for the protection of the cultural landscape in Poland is the municipality, which – with the help of planning and spatial development instruments – can directly affect the quality of the landscape. Legal tools for the protection of the cultural landscape should also be pursued in the matter of monument protection.

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest odniesienie się do tego, w jaki sposób Europejska Konwencja Krajobrazowa (ELC) definiuje krajobraz kulturowy oraz jakie tworzy narzędzia jego ochrony. Kluczowe jest również ustalenie, z punktu widzenia polskiego porządku prawnego, jak ustawodawca implementuje ochronę krajobrazu kulturowego do prawa krajowego. Ogólna teza artykułu brzmi: ELC tworzy zintegrowany model ochrony krajobrazu, w którym krajobraz kulturowy jest traktowany jako jego nieodłączny element. Tezie ogólnej towarzyszy teza szczegółowa, że ELC nie tworzy samodzielnie optymalnego poziomu ochrony krajobrazu kulturowego, ale raczej kształtuje kierunek, w jakim ta ochrona będzie zmierzać. ELC definiuje również krajobraz kulturowy, w tym wzajemne relacje między wartościami przyrodniczymi i kulturowymi, a także postrzeganie krajobrazu przez ludzi. Podstawowym ogniwem ochrony krajobrazu kulturowego w Polsce jest gmina, która – za pomocą instrumentów planowania i zagospodarowania przestrzennego – może bezpośrednio wpływać na jakość krajobrazu. Prawne instrumenty ochrony krajobrazu kulturowego powinny być również poszukiwane w obszarze ochrony zabytków.
Flora of the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Gritsenko Victoria , Shynder Oleksandr
Published: November 2022

In 2020–2022, the complete taxonomic composition of the flora for the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (NBG) was studied and analyzed. This plot was established at the NBG in 1949 to demonstrate the floristic diversity of the Ukrainian Steppes ex situ. According to the inventory results, 347 species and infraspecific taxa from 196 genera and 53 families of higher vascular plants were recorded in the flora of the plot. The steppic component of this plot joins 213 species and infraspecific taxa (61.38 % of the total number of inventoried taxa) belonging to the collection fund and representing the flora of the Steppes of Ukraine, 126 species and infraspecific taxa (36.31 %) of which are introduced plants and 87 species and infraspecific taxa (25.07 %) are native plants. During the inventory, spontaneously growing plants that are not a part of the collection fund were precisely studied. Among inventoried plants, native non-steppic plants are represented by 46 species and infraspecific taxa (13.26 %); alien plants – by 88 taxa (25.36 %), including ergasiophygophytes (45 taxa, 12.97 %) and xenophytes (43 taxa, 12.39 %). The plants of the collection fund predominate on the plot and form the main vegetation cover.Currently, the taxonomic composition of the plot is similar to the characteristics of regional meadow-steppes. The perennials dominate in the biomorphological structure of the plot’s flora (63.69 %), which is typical for the steppic phytocoenoses. In general, a significant number of trees is present here (5.48 %), which is explained by the forest communities surrounding the plot and, as a result, their active self-sowing. Hemicryptophytes prevail in the plot’s flora (60.52 %). Nevertheless, the collection fund of the plot is distinguished by the absence of trees, a greater number of perennials (79.34 %), and hemicryptophytes (72.77 %). The steppic (33.33 %) and marginal (33.33 %) plants prevail in the collection fund, while the amount of meadow plants (18.78 %) is still significant. In the plot “Steppes of Ukraine”, most of the rare introduced plants formed stable homeostatic introduction coenopopulations. Among them, 15 species and rare infraspecific taxa are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine.
Trabalho com projetos
Authors: Sausen Solange Lisiane
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo relata a experiência em projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido com turmas de educação infantil da rede municipal de ensino de Ijuí/RS. Tendo como objetivo geral a descrição do processo conduzido pela professora orientadora, com crianças entre 4 e 5 anos de idade, a partir dos questionamentos levantados pelas crianças participantes, referentes ao objeto de pesquisa.
Model ‘Planned Behavior’ Wisatawan Milenial Dalam Mengunjungi Destinasi Di Indonesia
Authors: Yulianty Jessyca
Published: November 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sikap, norma-norma subyektif, kontrol perilaku yang dirasakan, minat dan perilaku wisatawan milenial nusantara dalam mengunjungi destinasi di Indonesia, karena jumlah generasi milenial saat ini menduduki jumlah populasi tertinggi di Indonesia dengan usia yang dianggap produktif sehingga dengan memahami perilaku dari wisatawan milenial nusantara dapat membantu seluruh stakeholder dalam mempersiapkan produk/jasa pariwisata guna menarik wisatawan milenial nusantara. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 200 responden generasi milenial nusantara di seluruh Indonesia, dan di analisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah wisatawan milenial dalam melakukan perjalanan lebih fokus akan pendapat dirinya sendiri jika dibandingkan dengan pendapat orang terdekat dan lingkungannya. Wisatawan milenial akan memikirkan segala kemungkinan-kemungkinan yang terjadi terhadap minat untuk berwisata. Minat atau kontrol kemauan dari wisatawan milenial nusantara untuk melakukan perjalanan wisata mempengaruhi perilaku dirinya.

Kata Kunci: TPB, Perilaku, Wisatawan, Milenial
Bebek Betutu Sebagai Kuliner Upakara Umat Hindu, Dalam Kaitan Budidaya Bebek Bali Dan Revitalisasinya Saat Ini
Authors: Sulistyawati Anastasia
Published: November 2022

Dalam agama Hindu di Bali, bebek betutu memiliki peran penting sebagai sarana upakara untuk mendapatkan berkah. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi dan inventarisasi mengenai berbagai cara tradisional untuk membuat jenis kuliner upakara bebek betutu, memahami alasan filosofi dan etika penggunaan sarana upakara dari hewan bebek dalam yadnya umat Hindu di Bali termasuk jenis pengolahannya, dan mengetahui fungsi menggunakan bebek betutu dalam kaitan budidaya bebek Bali dan revitalisasinya di Bali sampai saat ini. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan.
Hasil penelitian adalah bebek betutu merupakan olahan daging dalam bentuk utuhan, yang bakar di dalam bara api (sekam) dalam jangka panjang. Pada awalnya fungsi utamanya sebagai lauk upakara/banten yang bernama Suci (Ben Banten Suci). Banten suci dengan lauk bebek betutu termasuk banten upasaksi (simbol saksi upacara) yadnya menempati posisi sebagai ulu (tempat tertinggi). Dipilihnya bebek karena sifat-sifat baik yang dimiliki bebek. Penggunaan bebek betutu dalam kurban suci tergolong yadnya jenis janggama dan mantiga. Revitalisasi menu bebek sebagai kuliner khas Bali yang dilakukan dengan modifikasi teknik pengolahan dan penyajiannya telah menjadikan kuliner bebek betutu mendunia.

Kata Kunci: Bebek, Betutu, Upakara, Hindu
Eksplorasi Potensi Wisata Kuliner Dalam Mendukung Perkembangan Pariwisata Di Kabupaten Natuna
Authors: Tumpuan Adiguna
Published: November 2022

Kabupaten Natuna berada di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau dengan keunggulan pariwisata adalah wisata bahari yang diwakilkan oleh geosite dan geopark dengan keindahan alam bebatuan dan diusulkan menjadi Unesco Global Geoparks. Namun dibandingkan dengan potensi wisata bahari yang ada, persentase sumbangan bidang kuliner dalam PDRB masih minim dan hal tersebut sejalan dengan fakta masih kurangnya jumlah penyedia makanan dan minuman di Kabupaten Natuna. Padahal Kabupaten Natuna memiliki sejumlah makanan khas yang sangat berpotensi menjadi daya tarik wisata bagi wisatawan. Dengan berlandaskan hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini mengambil rumusan masalah yaitu bagaimana pembentukan strategi untuk meningkatkan peran kuliner khas Natuna agar dapat menjadi daya tarik wisata bagi wisatawan dan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah munculnya strategi pengembangan wisata kuliner di Kabupaten Natuna sehingga mampu meningkatkan sumbangan sektor makanan minuman dalam PDRB dan dapat menjadi daya tarik wisata kuliner. Metode penelitian yang ditentukan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan penentuan strategi pengembangan akan diperoleh dengan melalukan analisa SWOT yang menganalisa faktor internal dan eksternal dalam upaya pengembangan kuliner khas Kabupaten Natuna menjadi daya tarik pariwisata kuliner dan berdasarkan dari hasil analisa tersebut, tersusun rekomendasi bagi pemerintah daerah setempat untuk mengangkat makanan khas Natuna dapat tampil menjadi daya tarik wisata kuliner.

Kata Kunci: Pariwisata, Kuliner, Natuna, SWOT
The Interferences Faced by The EFL Students in Listening Comprehension
Authors: Wahab Isnaeni , Tanasy Novalia
Published: November 2022

Listening is one of the important skills which must be possessed by the students. But, unfortunately, some students can not cover it in their learning. They found some difficulties during listening. This research aimed to find out the interferences that are faced by the EFL students. This research was qualitative descriptive research. The data is collected from the questionnaires to get the information on students’ difficulties. The data showed that some factors interrupt the learners in listening and they came from internal and external factors. The existing difficulties mostly come from the material given, the second factor comes from the listener and the last factor is related to the physical setting. It is correct that the interferences in listening comprehension faced by students, not only from the listeners themselves but also from content material and surroundings during the listening process. Hence, the students have to find the appropriate way and practice more to improve their listening ability.

Keywords: Listening Comprehension, Difficulties, EFL Students
Contextualisation of Direct Instruction Method in Teaching Reading Comprehension Skills: The Literature Review
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Aisyah Sitti
Published: November 2022

Direct Instruction is an approach where a teacher becomes the center of the teaching process. This teaching strategy is suitable to teach reading comprehension skills. In the process of using the Direct Instruction, a teacher needs to apply three basic concepts those are delivery, design, and documentation which means the teacher must prepare a creative lesson plan that can support students to adapt to a new concept during the ongoing process, the teacher must monitor students’ development using assessment. Some studies show that this method is effective by combining strategies or media and it can improve students’ skills. However, criticisms also hit this method. Some scholar proves from their study that this method is not always effective and is used only for students with low-level knowledge.

Keywords:        Direct Instruction, Reading Skills, Reading Comprehension
Özel Öğretim Kurumlarında Kurumsallaşmaya İlişkin Okul Müdürlerinin Görüşleri
Authors: UĞUR Ebru , LEVENT Faruk
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, özel öğretim kurumlarında kurumsallaşmaya ilişkin okul müdürlerinin görüşleri incelenmiştir.

Yöntem: Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme deseni ile belirlenen çalışma grubu, İstanbul ilindeki özel öğretim kurumlarında görev yapan 15 okul müdüründen oluşmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri, yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada toplanan veriler, içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcıların kurumsallaşmayı; kişilerden bağımsız, prosedürlerin, prensiplerin, kuralların ve sınırların belirlenmiş olduğu bir yapı olarak tanımladığı görülmektedir. Katılımcıların çoğunluğu; kurumsallaşmanın sistemliliği, standartlaşmayı ve sürdürülebilirliği amaçladığını belirtmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcılar, kurumsallaşmış bir eğitim kurumunda belli bir duruşun olduğunu, belirsizliğin olmadığı ve gelişime önem verildiğini ifade etmiştir. Katılımcılar kurumsallaşma için belirlenen yol haritasında; hedeflerin ortaya koyulması, ekiplerin oluşturulması ve iş planının yapılmasının altını çizmektedir. Kurumsallaşmanın; devamlılığı sağlaması ve yasal hakların yerine getirilmesi açısından olumlu, esnek olmayan ve mekanik bir yapı oluşturması açısından olumsuz yönleri katılımcılar tarafından ortaya koyulmuştur. Katılımcılar, kurumsallaşmak isteyen eğitim kurumlarına uygun ekiplerin oluşturulmasına önem vermelerini ve danışmanlık hizmeti almalarını önermektedir.

Özgünlük: Literatür incelendiğinde kurumsallaşma konusunda özellikle işletme alanında yerli ve yabancı birçok çalışmanın yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte yurt içinde yapılan çalışmalarda eğitim alanındaki araştırmaların azlığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmalarda daha çok eğitimin yükseköğretim kademesi üzerinde durulduğu ve okulu genel olarak ele alan çalışmaların ise sınırlı olduğu söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda özel öğretim kurumlarında kurumsallaşma ile ilgili sorunlara değinen ve bu konuda öneriler sunan bu çalışmanın okullarda kurumsallaşma sürecinin anlaşılması açısından alana katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.