bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние температурного фактора на сезонное развитие аборигенных видов древесных растений
Authors: Герасимова Анастасия Андреевна , Боме Нина Анатольевна , Семенова Марина Викторовна
Published: March 2019

Изучены особенности роста и развития древесных растений на территории Тюмени по срокам наступления и продолжительности фенологических фаз. Исследование проводили в течение вегетационных периодов 2006 – 2012 гг. на 6 аборигенных видах древесных растений, относящихся к 4 семействам: Сосновые (Pinaceae); Розоцветные (Rosaceae); Липовые (Tiliaceae); Берёзовые (Betulaceae). Фенологические наблюдения проводили маршрутным методом по методике фенологических наблюдений в ботанических садах (1979). По ходу маршрута выбирали не менее 20 – 25 модельных растений каждого вида, приблизительно одного возраста, количество обследованных экземпляров составило 150. Вычисление коэффициента корреляции позволило выявить взаимосвязь между датами наступления и окончания фенологических фаз с суммой активных температур — R = 0,7 – 0,9 (сильная); 0,5 – 0,7 (средняя); 0,3 – 0,5 (слабая); 0,1 – 0,3 (очень слабая). Выявлена прямая связь между началом вегетации и температурным фактором. Температурный порог фенологических фаз достоверно отражает зависимость биологического ритма изученных видов от хода температурного режима и может применяться как сравнительный критерий при адаптации древесных растений.
Ростостимулирующие препараты как фактор снижения уровня тяжелых металлов в озимой пшенице (на примере Астраханской области)
Authors: Бондаренко Анастасия Николаевна
Published: March 2019

Одним из возможных путей снижения содержания тяжелых металлов (ТМ) в сельскохозяйственной продукции может быть обработка стимуляторами роста. Большинство современных стимуляторов роста имеют растительное природное происхождение. Основные исследования проводили в различных почвенных условиях Астраханской области на светло-каштановой солонцовой и бурой полупустынной почвах. Массовую концентрацию Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn и Cr измеряли на атомно-абсорбционном спектрометрометре. Доказана эффективность применения внекорневых (листовых) обработок стимуляторами роста в различные фазы развития озимой пшеницы: применение Плантафола, Мегафола и Лигногумата приводило к снижению содержания ТМ в выращенной продукции. В 2012 г. в условиях светло-каштановой солонцовой почвы Pb составило 1,04 мг/кг сухого вещества, Cu — 13,7 мг/кг; Co — 0,016 мг/кг; Mn — 14,7 мг/кг; Cr — 1,21 мг/кг. Уже в 2013 г. в тех же почвенных условиях значение Pb было 0,68 мг/кг сухого вещества, Cu — 3,94 мг/кг; Co — 0,010 мг/кг; Mn — 13,1 мг/кг; Cr — 1,19 мг/кг. В условиях бурой полупустынной почвы прослеживалась аналогичная тенденция. В целом по всем микроэлементам значения по различным вариантам изучения были ниже ПДКкормов, а в некоторых случаях даже не превышали нижнего предела обнаружения.
Теоретические аспекты определения эффективности технологических процессов производства и применения удобрений в условиях ресурсосберегающей аграрной политики
Authors: Качанова Людмила Сергеевна
Published: March 2019

Разработан понятийный аппарат применения принципов ресурсосбережения в аграрном секторе, предлагаются авторские трактовки терминов «ресурсосбережение в аграрном секторе», «ресурсосберегающая аграрная политика», «технологические процессы производства органических удобрений» и «технологические процессы применения органических удобрений». В ходе анализа выявлено отсутствие показателей обоснования эффективности производства органических удобрений. Предложена систематизация общепризнанных и разработанных критериев эффективности технологических процессов. Разработаны критериии обоснования эффективности технологических процессов производства и применения удобрений, определена целесообразность их практического использования по различным классификационным признакам. Представлена система критериев обоснования эффективности, классифицированная по принципу принадлежности технологического процесса: критерии обоснования эффективности процессов производства органических удобрений; критерии обоснования эффективности применения органических и минеральных удобрений. В данной классификации разработаны авторские показатели эффективности технологических процессов, систематизированные исходя из условий современной ресурсосберегающей аграрной политики. Предлагаемые критерии делятся на ресурсосберегающие, определяющие свойства готовой продукции в зависимости от уровня затрачиваемых ресурсов на ее создание и использование, и на интегральные, представляющие отношение полезного эффекта от использования продукции по назначению к затратам на ее производство и применение. В свою очередь ресурсосберегающие показатели делятся на подгруппы критериев технологизации и ресурсопотребления. Применение разработанной системы критериев на практике позволит всесторонне рассчитывать и определять качественные и количественные параметры, характеризующие технологические процессы производства органических удобрений и применение органических и минеральных удобрений, что позволяет рационально организовывать и управлять технологическими процессами и способствует повышению рентабельности отраслей аграрного сектора экономики.
Совершенствование схем кормления телят в молочном скотоводстве
Authors: Юрин Денис Анатольевич , Юрина Наталья Александровна
Published: March 2019

В статье приведены результаты использования новой программы расчета рационов для животных. Описаны интерфейс, возможности, пример расчета. Решены задачи по изучению предметной области, разработке технического задания для создания информационной системы, моделированию программного обеспечения, написанию кода программы. В разработанной программе заложены универсальные решения, позволяющие повышать эффективность работы как специалистам, непосредственно связанным с кормлением и содержанием сельскохозяйственных животных, так и преподавателям средних и высших учебных заведений в качестве учебного пособия по специальности «зоотехния». В новой программе имеются возможности сохранения структуры рациона для последующего использования; коррекции содержания питательных веществ в корме; добавления новых видов кормов. Присутствуют справочник и подсказки пользователю. Результаты работы внедрены в Северо-Кавказском НИИ животноводства. Рационы рассчитывали с помощью программы помесячно: от 1 до 6 месяцев. Процентное содержание корма в рационе устанавливается по сухому веществу. Содержание сухого вещества в рационе и потребность в питательных веществах можно скорректировать, увеличив или уменьшив по сравнению со значением, рассчитанным программой. Рационы соответствовали потребностям животных, представленных нормами. Экономический эффект на 1 телочку за 6 месяцев выращивания составляет при кормлении комбикормом-стартером 757,8 руб., при кормлении смесью из комбикорма-стартера и цельного зерна овса — 952,9 руб. по сравнению с принятой на ферме традиционной технологией.
Влияние голштинизации на хозяйственно полезные показатели коров-первотелок черно-пестрой породы
Authors: Бабайлова Галина Павловна , Бузмакова Елена Дмитриевна
Published: March 2019

В климатических условиях Волго-Вятского региона исследовали коров-первотелок черно-пестрой породы с прилитием крови Ѕ и ѕ по голштинской породе. Изучена динамика живой массы и среднесуточный прирост телок. Племенной учет проводили по компьютерной системе программы «Селэкс». Полученные результаты обрабатывали методом вариационной статистики, описанной Е. К. Меркурьевой и Н. А. Плохинским (1961). С повышением доли кровности по голштинской породе ѕ увеличивается живая масса от 12- до 18-месячного возраста (409,6 кг), что больше на 50,2 кг, и при первом осеменении — на 22,3 кг по сравнению со сверстницами с кровностью 1/2. Определены экстерьерные особенности: коровы-первотелки с долей кровности по голштинской породе ѕ превосходили сверстниц 1/2 доли кровности по высоте в холке на 3,1 см; глубине груди — на 2,6 см, ширине груди — на 2,2 см. Воспроизводительную способность оценивали по выходу телят на 100 маток: 70 % имели животные при кровности 1/2, что превосходило сверстниц с долей кровности 3/4 по голштинской породе на 8 %. Наименьшая продолжительность сухостойного периода установлена у коров с кровностью 1/2 — 56 дней. По молочной продуктивности отмечена положительная тенденция при доле кровности 3/4 по голштинизации, так как удой и содержание жира в молоке у этих животных существенно увеличивается соответственно на 1163 кг (или 20,4 %) и 0,2 %, что за 305 дней составляет 9,2 кг или 3,12 % соответственно.
Жирнокислотный состав (качество) масла семян новых отечественных сортов хлопчатника
Authors: Григорьев С. В. , Шеленга Т. В. , Илларионова К. В.
Published: March 2019

Изучен состав и определено содержание жирных кислот семян сортов российского хлопчатника (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Обсуждены биологическая (пищевая) ценность и перспективы возделывания хлопчатника не только как прядильной, но и масличной культуры. Жирнокислотный состав масла семян определяли при помощи газо-жидкостной хроматографии с масс спектрометрией у четырех образцов российских сортов хлопчатника, выращенных в Астраханской области РФ в 2013 г. — Цисфинитум, Фортис, Марон, Тутум. Установлено, что масло семян хлопчатника изучаемых сортов характеризуется большим количеством ненасыщенных жирных кислот — в среднем около 79 % с колебаниями от 74,7 % у сорта Цисфинитум до 81,9 % у Тутум. Наибольшее количество из ненасыщенных жирных кислот приходится на двуненасыщенную линолевую — до 67,0 % (сорт Тутум). Это выше, чем у масла хлопчатника, выращиваемого в Средней Азии. Мононенасыщенной олеиновой кислоты у сортов российского хлопчатника меньше — в среднем 17,4 % в сравнении со среднеазиатскими сортами (20 – 30 %). Полиненасыщенной линоленовой кислоты с тремя двойными связями содержится в среднем 0,26 % при максимуме у сорта Цисфинутм (0,38 %). Содержание насыщенной пальмитиновой кислоты в масле семян сортов российского хлопчатника меньше — в среднем 16,7 % при минимуме 14,7 % у сорта Марон. Масло современных российских сортов хлопчатника отличается от среднеазиатских сортов большей суммой ненасыщенных жирных кислот и сниженным содержанием насыщенных. Созданные в РФ новые сорта хлопчатника обладают не только качественным волокном и урожайностью, но и являются источником ценного пищевого масла.
Влияние листовой подкормки аминохелатными удобрениями серии Агровин на урожайность томата в пленочных теплицах 3-й световой зоны
Authors: Ерлыков Сергей Борисович , Нехорошев Александр Николаевич , Иванова Мария Ивановна , Алексеева Ксения Леонидовна
Published: March 2019

Натуральные органические хелатирующие агенты, такие как аминокислоты, помогают растениям в транслокации микроэлементов. Такие энтеросорбенты растениям не фитотоксичны, их легко производить, и стоят они недорого. Настоящее исследование направлено на определение влияния листовой подкормки аминохелатными удобрениями на урожайность томата в необогреваемых пленочных теплицах 3-й световой зоны. Полевой эксперимент проводили в 2015 – 2016 гг. в пленочных теплицах на солнечном обогреве Московской области. Используемые удобрения: Агровин Амино (0,2; 0,4 и 0,6 л/га), Агровин Микро (0,4; 0,6 и 0,8 л/га); Агровин Са (0,2; 0,4 и 0,6 кг/га), Агровин Fe (0,2; 0,4 и 0,6 кг/га). В условиях неотапливаемых пленочных теплиц в 3-й световой зоне на почвогрунтах для получения урожайности томата коктейльного типа на уровне 4,0 кг/м2 и выше рекомендуется двухкратная листовая подкормка вегетирующих растений Агровин Ca 0,6 кг/га, Агровин Fe 0,4 кг/га, Агровин Амино 0,2 л/га или Агровин Микро 0,6 л/га, которая способствовует формированию урожайности 4,0 – 4,3 кг/м2 против 3,2 кг/м2 в контрольном варианте (фон NPK) при HCP05 = 0,4 кг/м2. Первую подкормку следует проводить в начале цветения до завязывания плодов на первой кисти (через 2 недели после посадки рассады), вторую — когда на второй кисти образуется завязь диаметром около 1,0 см.
Сопряженность количественных признаков и показателей скороспелости селекционных линий сои овощного и технического направлений
Authors: Шафигуллин Дамир Рамисович , Романова Елена Валерьевна , Гинс Мурат Сабирович , Пронина Екатерина Павловна
Published: March 2019

Объектом исследований была выбрана коллекция селекционных образцов сои овощного и технического направлений (всего 190 образцов): 48 образцов российской и 142 образца иностранной селекций. Для отбора перспективных селекционных образцов необходимо выявить сопряжённость количественных признаков и показателей скороспелости в зависимости от направления использования сорта или линии растений. Полевой опыт проводили в 2015 и 2016 гг. в Московской области. В работе использован метод оценки корреляционных взаимосвязей по данным структурного анализа урожая сои технических (зерновых) и овощных форм за два года полевых исследований. Установлены сопряжённые связи ценных хозяйственных признаков (масса семян с растения, масса 1000 семян, среднее число семян в бобе) с другими количественными признаками (высота растения, толщина стебля, высота прикрепления нижнего боба, число ветвей, число бобов на растении, число продуктивных узлов, среднее число бобов в узле, число семян на растении) и показателями скороспелости (продолжительность периодов вегетации, всходы-цветение, цветение-созревание) у овощных и технических селекционных линий. Изучена различная сила корреляций как в пределах каждой группы, так и между ними с изменчивостью по годам. Найдена тесная зависимость у овощных и технических линий между семенной продуктивностью и числом семян с растения (r = 0,93 и 0,91 соответственно), числом бобов на растении (r = 0,90 и 0,91 соответственно), числом продуктивных узлов (r = 0,73 и 0,76 соответственно), а кроме того, у технических — с толщиной стебля (r = 0,84).
The role of motivation, individual characteristic, organizational commitment in affecting Burnout in Primkopal Mako Lantamal V Surabaya
Authors: Abadiah Rifdah , Astuti Mudji , Yani Muhammad , Zaraswati Chintia
Published: March 2019

The aims of this study was to determine the Effect of Motivation, Individual Characteristics and Organizational Commitment to Burnout. The subjects were non-military Navy Civil Servants totaling 50 respondents using a saturated sampling method. The type of this research was quantitative research by SPSS technique (Statistical Product and Service solutions) and used measurement questionnaire data using a Likert scale. The path analysis hypothesis test were linear and classical assumptions.The results of this study indicated that individual characteristic variables and organizational commitment hada significant positive effect to burnout. Motivation had no effect and was not partially significant to Burnout. Individual characteristics and organizational commitment had a significant effect to burnout, but organizational comitment had a strong and significant effect to burnout among the varriables.
On Proto-Slavic Oath Formulas
Authors: Grković-Major Jasmina
Published: March 2019

This paper deals with Slavic oath formulas containing the phrases ‘stand firm’ and ‘hold firm’, found mostly in peace treaties. The analysis carried out on the rich corpus of Old Serbian charters written in the vernacular and followed by a comparison with the data from Old Russian. The research is an attempt to reconstruct their possible Proto-Slavic structure, both linguistic and conceptual. After presenting the relevant data, the author reconstructs the following Proto-Slavic formulas: * stojati tvrьdo / krěpьko vь / na klętvě ( kъ) komu ‘stand firm in / on the oath toward someone’, * drьžati tvrьdo / krěpьko klętvǫ ( kъ) komu ‘hold firm the oath toward someone’. Both Serbian and Russian charters show lexical variations in the prepositional phrase and in the adverbial modifier of the formulas, which testify to their semantic compositionality. The etymology of their basic lexical constituents (* stojati, * drьžati, * tvrъdo, * krěpьko) indicates that ‘immobility, firmness’ is their core meaning, * drьžati ‘make immobile > hold’ being just a transitive version of * stojati ‘be immobile > stand’. The concrete, physical concepts ‘stand’ and ‘hold’ were mapped into the target domain of the abstract ones (> ‘exist’ and ‘keep, have’). They represent the embodied experience and speak in favor of Embodied Realism. Indo-European parallels show that ‘stand’ and ‘hold’ belong to some of the basic Indo-European (although not just Indo-European) conceptual metaphors, having a deep cultural motivation. These notions were so deeply rooted into the conceptual apparatus that they survived the change of cultural codes, becoming an integral part of the oath in Christian times. As time went by, they were secularized and reduced to phraseological units. They still exist today, even with the same lexical constituents as in the medieval charters, e.g. Serb. držati X ( reč, obećanje, veru), Russ. sderžat’ X ( dannoe slovo, kljatvu), stojat’ na X = tverdo deržat’sja X ( ubeždenĳa, mnenĳa).
The Syntax of Pseudo-Correlative Constructions with the Pronoun KOTORYJ (‘Which’) in Middle Russian
Authors: Mitrenina Olga V.
Published: March 2019

This article takes a close look at pseudo-correlatives: multiple sentences in Middle Russian with the pronoun kotoryj ‘which’ in the first clause. It will be argued that they lack correlatives features and that korotyj in such constructions was not a relative but an indefinite pronoun, like the Russian nekotoryj, koe-kakoj. The pseudo-correlatives of Middle Russian are the result of the intermediate stage of the process of the grammaticalization of kotoryj from indefinite to relative pronoun that caused the transformation of the compound constructions into the complex sentence.
The Mysterious Psalm by Max Vasmer and Its Biographical Context
Authors: Bobrik Marina A.
Published: March 2019

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein in Altkirchenslavisch verfasster Text aus dem Nachlass Max Vasmers verÕff entlicht und kommentiert.
Centuries-Long Trends in the Linguistic Integration of Croatian Society
Authors: Kapetanović Amir
Published: March 2019

The article discusses the history of the Croatian language, particularly the paths of the gradual linguistic integration of all Croats and the development of the standard language (based upon the Štokavian dialect) within Croatian society, whose members have spoken three dialects (Čakavian, Štokavian, Kajkavian) since the Middle Ages. Because of the multidialectal situation (all three dialects played an important role in the history of the Croatian language), linguistic integration was a complex process. The use of the Croatian language before national integrality in the 19th century may look complicated and disunified, but this article attempts to show the old connections between different dialectal areas and the realization of two the main conceptions of the construction of Croatian superdialectal (literary) expression in linguistic history: a literary language with a single-dialect basis (but with multi-dialectal infiltration within the superstructure) and a literary (hybrid) type of language based upon at least two dialects.
On Conditions Instantiating Tip Effects of Epistemic and Evidential Meanings in Bulgarian
Authors: Wiemer Björn , Kampf Veronika
Published: March 2019

The article deals with tip effects between evidential and epistemic components in the meaning potential of evidential markers in Bulgarian, the focus being on sentential adverbs with inferential functions. We justify (and start with) the following assumptions: (i) for any unit we should distinguish its stable semantic meaning from its pragmatic potential which can be favored (or disfavored) by appropriate discourse conditions; (ii) there is a trade off between evidential and epistemic meaning components that are related to each other on the basis of mutual or one-sided implicatures; (iii) one-sided implicatures occur with certain hearsay markers whose epistemic implicatures can be captured as Generalized Conversational Implicatures (GCIs). On this basis, we show that (iv) GCIs work also with inferential markers; they can be classified depending on which component (the inferential or the epistemic one) can be downgraded more easily. A crucial factor favoring the inferential meaning is a perceptual basis of the inference. In general, (v) the more complicated the reconstruction of the cognitive (or communicative) basis leading to an inference, the clearer the epistemic function emerges while the evidential function remains in the background, and vice versa. The study is corpus-driven and also includes an attempt at classifying micro- and macro-contextual conditions that (dis)favor a highlighting of the evidential function.
The Slavic Adventures of Greek Kohath: On the Origin of the Title of the Old Russian Book of Kaaf
Authors: Grishchenko Alexander I.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the origin of the title of the Slavonic-Russian Book of Kaaf which has been still attributed to a hazy Hebrew source. In fact, the name of the second son of Levi, Kohath (קהת), appeared in the title absolutely accidentally, and the title came from from the Greek gloss Καὰθ ἐκκλησιαστής included in the explanatory onomasticons of Biblical names. This gloss is, perhaps, connected with the corresponding passage in the Testament of Levi from the apocryphal Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs. Moreover, the article contains comparative data of the spelling of Kohath’s name in Church Slavonic translations of the Pentateuch and in the Palaea Interpretata, in the latter not only in the Testament of Levi, but also in its main text. The adventures of the word Кааѳъ / Каафъ in medieval Russian writing turn out to be entirely literary, and not connected with any hypothetical verbal tradition, which might have proved to have been a tempting explanation for this word.
On the Russian Expression SESTʹ V LUZHU: Semantic and Stylistic Peculiarities
Authors: Kamchatnova Julia B.
Published: March 2019

The Russian expression сесть в лужу (literally, to sit into a puddle) stands apart from similar expressions with the same image in other languages, both semantically and stylistically. Whereas the expressions to find oneself in the mire, in der Patsche sitzen, etc. mean ‘to get into a difficult situation’ or ‘get tangled,’ the saying сесть в лужу means ‘to get into an awkward or funny situation, to fail because of being unable to live up to one’s expectations, to shame oneself.’ Perhaps, here the verb to sit, which in most cases implies a sitting position, changed the meaning of the expression, and it approached the offensive colloquial наложить в штаны ‘to crap one’s pants,’ which has the literal sense ‘to shit or wet oneself from fear,’ and the figural sense ‘to shame oneself through unredeemed promises.’ The expression сесть в лужу in current usage describes a person who is so scared that he has wet or soiled his pants. Judging by the fact that this expression cannot be found in Dahl’s dictionary and that it appeared in Russian literature at the beginning of the 20th century, it is obvious that before that time, it had been considered vulgar, substandard and unprintable. Nowadays, the expression is widespread, and though its origin has been forgotten, it has not become stylistically neutral: in dictionaries it is tagged as colloquial, informal, pejorative, ironic, and humorous.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Open Ended Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar
Authors: Rohmasari Dewi Nuur
Published: March 2019

Abstrak: Kreativitas merupakan salah satu hal yang penting dalam kehidupan. Kreativitas dapat dilihat dari tiga indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif yaitu, kefasihan (fluency), fleksibilitas (flexibility), dan kebaruan (novelty). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan proses berpikir kreatif siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan soal open ended bangun ruang sisi datar. Soal open ended dipilih karena dapat mendorong siswa berpikir kreatif. Subjek uji coba adalah 26 siswi kelas VIII D MTsN 1 Malang dengan kemampuan heterogen. Uji coba dilakukan pada siswa kelas VIII MTS Negeri 1 Malang yang telah menempuh materi bangun ruang sisi datar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif menggunakan instrumen tes berpikir kreatif dan wawancara untuk mengumpulkan data. Data berupa hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif yang terdiri dari dua masalah dan wawancara. Selanjutnya data dianalisis berdasarkan tiga indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif yaitu, kefasihan, fleksibilitas, dan kebaruan. Dari hasil analisis diketahui (1) pada indikator kefasihan, sebanyak 56,67% siswa menjawab soal dengan satu jawaban benar, sehingga kefasihan masih kurang ; (2) sebanyak 10% siswa menjawab soal dengan benar melalui satu cara, sehingga fleksibilitas masih kurang; (3) pada indikator kebaruan, tidak ada siswa yang menunjukkan kebaruan dalam mengerjakan soal. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa masih rendah Berdasarkan analisis hasil pengembangan diperoleh hasil bahwa LKS yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PELUANG BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF UNTUK MAHASISWA INSTITUT PESANTREN KH.ABDUL CHALIM
Authors: Rohmasari Dewi Nuur
Published: March 2019

Abstrak: This research aims at developing interactive multimedia-based mathematical learning and revealing how the students’ respond toward the media are. The development steps of that interactive mathematical learning media using computer were carried out by development model of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The instrument used to collect the data was media evaluation questionnaires. The data analysis technique was conducted both qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the research findings that the interactive multimedia-based probability learning revealed no revision and well-received by the students. Although there is difficulty for the students at the initial use of it, due to abstract learning habit, but it can be overcome well.
Paper review The Development of Digital Economy In Indonesia
Authors: Madinah Hana Meka
Published: March 2019

Paper review The Development of Digital Economy In Indonesia
Review Jurnal International
Authors: Sutanto William
Published: March 2019

Semakin berkembangnya teknologi membuat dunia bisnis juga mulai mengalami perubahan sedikit demi sedikit. Berbagai hal mulai beralih ke bidang teknologi dan memanfaatkan internet yang sebenarnya lebih memudahkan dalam melakukan berbagai transaksi. Semakin mudah hal ini mendorong juga masyarakat menjadi lebih konsumtif dan roda perekonomian semakin meningkat. Namun dibalik ini semua, terdapat dampak yang dirasakan oleh toko konvensional atau tradisional yang tidak menggunakan sistem online atau internet marketing. Generasi milenial sebagai generasi sebagai konsumen yang menggunakan internet dalam berbelanja menjadi tugas pemerintah agar bisnis konvensional bisa tetap maju dan berkembang.
Aplikasi Filter Pasif RC untuk Mereduksi Harmonik pada AC/DC/AC Konverter
Authors: Asnil
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the design and analysis of a low pass passive filter to reduce harmonics component at the ac side (input) of three-phase ac/dc/ac converter. The filter configuration consists of resistor and capasitor, that cut off the frequency above 150 Hz
Abusive Emulation and Justificatory Borrowing
Authors: Cheung Alvin Y.H.
Published: March 2019

How might a canny would-be autocrat implement new measures in service of an illiberal orauthoritarian agenda, when overtly illiberal or authoritarian measures are likely to attractinternational condemnation? Writing in 2016, Kim Lane Scheppele suggested that one answer was the conscious adoption of “constitutional worst practices”: practices that are extant in jurisdictions with (apparently) unimpeachable constitutionalist credentials, but which undermine the operation of constitutionalism in their transplanted context. Yet even “constitutional worst practices” face a problem: it is not always feasible to change the constitution; even if it were feasible to do so, the very fact that a change to the constitution has occurred will inevitably result in greater scrutiny. Far better to adopt the “worst practices” approach at a sub-constitutional level, with ordinary law: esoteric enough to evade most scrutiny, and sufficiently resembling norms or institutions in jurisdictions with ironclad “rule of law” credentials to pass muster.
Relationships Among Non-Cognitive Factors and Academic Performance: Testing the Consortium on Chicago School Research Model
Authors: Wanzer Dana , Postlewaite Elyse , Zargarpour Nazanin
Published: March 2019

In response to interest in the role of non-cognitive factors in academic performance, several theoretical models have been developed; however, there have been few empirical attempts to validate those models particularly with majority minority populations. This study used measures of academic mindsets, social skills, academic perseverance, learning strategies, and academic performance, with high school students from a mainly Hispanic, low-income school district, to test the structural pathways of a well-known hypothesized model of non-cognitive factors and academic performance proposed by researchers at the University of Chicago Consortium on Chicago School Research (Farrington et al., 2012). Results support the hypothesized model; however, academic perseverance was not significantly related to academic performance in the context of other non-cognitive factors. Additionally, we found that the model differed based on several group differences including age (e.g., freshman vs senior), socioeconomic status (e.g., parent education, free/reduced priced lunch), and race/ethnicity. Overall, this study confirms that non-cognitive factors have a role to play in students’ academic success and finds that group difference factors are associated with the nature and strength of those relationships.
Zur Verwendung des Paradigmas brauchen mit und ohne zu mit Infinitiv
Authors: Melodia Luciano
Published: March 2019

In der Alltagssprache sowie in der gängigen Kommunikation über Schriftmedien werden Infinitivkonstruktionen verwendet. Im Folgenden soll ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Verwendung von brauchen in einer solchen Konstruktion gerichtet werden. Dabei gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten, einen solchen Satz zu vervollständigen: entweder mit dem eigentlichen Infinitiv am Ende des Satzes oder durch ein vorangestelltes zu als Partikel. Es wird nach einem Merkmal der semantischen Unterscheidung der beiden Ausdrucksweisen gesucht.
Drivers of Employee Engagement in Global Virtual Teams
Authors: Shaik Farheen Fathima , Makhecha Upam Pushpak
Published: March 2019

Global Virtual Teams (GVTs) comprise geographically distributed groups of people collaborating with each other through technology-mediated communication. Members of GVTs are from different cultural backgrounds and time zones, who may (or may not) meet in person to take complex decisions or to deliver on the tasks that are of strategic importance. Though technology has enabled GVTs in almost all multinational organisations across all industries, keeping the members of GVTs engaged over the duration of the team's task or project could still pose a challenge for organisations. Employee engagement is defined as an employee's cognitive, behavioural and physical state directed towards organisational outcomes. While employee engagement has been researched in a collocated team context, it remains an under-researched area in the context of GVTs. Given that there are several characteristics of GVTs which are distinct from the collocated team, it warrants a separate inquiry, which we undertake in this study. This study uses the Job Demands-Resources theory of employee engagement to derive the drivers of employee engagement in GVTs. Through interpretive analysis of the lived experiences of members working in an organisation which extensively uses GVTs for achieving its strategic goals, we conceptualise five drivers of employee engagement, namely, cultural intelligence, communication (formal and informal), technology, trust and individual maturity.
Rice breeding on salt tolerance
Authors: Kostylev P. I. , Kudashkina E. B. , Krasnova E. V. , Vozhzhova N. N.
Published: March 2019

Salt tolerance of rice is of great importance in agricultural production, since productivity of grain grown on saline lands largely depends on it. The paper deals with determining the presence of salt tolerance gene “Saltol” in rice hybrids obtained from crossing contrasting samples. To analyze salt tolerance, there were used seeds germinated in cups with distilled water and 1.5% NaCl solution, after which 10-day-old seedlings were weighed and their ratio to the control was determined. As a result of studies, there have been identified salt tolerant lines carrying the gene “Saltol” in a homozygous state. In the control nursery there were studied the best samples on productivity and elements of its structure. Two lines “7328” and “7322” were selected from the hybrid IR 52713-2B-8-2B-1-2 x Novator which significantly exceeded the standard variety “Yuzhanin” on 0.57-1.28 t/ha. On average for 2 years, they produced 6.82-7.53 t/ha (6.25 t/ha of the standard variety).
Effects of Zinc Borate on the Flame Retardancy Performance of Aluminum Diethylphosphinate in Polyamide-6 and its Composites
Authors: Polat O. , Kaynak C.
Published: March 2019

In this study, the flame retardancy contribution of zinc borate when used together with a traditional flame retardant (aluminum diethylphosphinate compound) was investigated for neat polyamide-6 and for 15 wt% short glass fiber reinforced composite. Melt mixing with twin-screw extrusion was the compounding method while injection and compression molding were the shaping methods of specimens. Three different flammability tests (limiting oxygen index, UL-94 vertical burning, mass loss calorimetry) indicated that many flame retardancy parameters could be improved significantly by replacing a certain amount of aluminum diethylphosphinate with zinc borate. For example, using aluminum diethylphosphinate alone resulted in only 32 % suppression in the value of the peak heat release rate for neat polyamide-6, while it was 82 % (more than two-fold) when used together with zinc borate. It was revealed by evolved gas analyses, char analyses, x-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry that the main contribution of zinc borate to aluminum diethylphosphinate was in terms of a barrier mechanism via formation of additional boron phosphate inorganic content in the barrier layer.
Economics of sea buckthorn production and processing in Hungary
Authors: Erdős A. D. , Szőllősi L.
Published: March 2019

This study focuses on the business management-related advantages and disadvantages of sea buckthorn production and processing based on economic analyses. It is the main objective of the authors to identify the expected economic findings in a high standard plantation with different average yields. A deterministic model calculation was performed on the basis of technological processes, using the primary data collected from enterprises dealing with sea buckthorn production. The calculation is based on the assumption of a 10 hectare plantation with intensive production technology (high soil quality (golden crown value: 32 GC per ha), irrigation, high plant density per hectare). The cost and income relations and the long-term return of the plantation were examined in the case of different average yields (12 t ha-1, 18 t ha-1 and 24 t ha-1). Under the economic circumstances of 2016, the planting cost of an intensive plantation is around 4-4.1 million HUF ha-1. In the years following the fruit-bearing stage, direct production costs are between 2.5-3.9 million HUF ha-1, depending on the given average yield. On the contrary, 5.6-11.1 million HUF ha-1 revenue can be reached based on the current market prices, resulting in a gross margin of 3.1-7.1 million HUF ha-1. Under the modelled circumstances, return is realised on the plantation’s costs in 6-8 years. The net present value (NPVr=3.24%) calculated for the 15-year-long life cycle of the 10-hectare plantation is between 151-466 million HUF, while the internal rate of return (IRR) is between 23-45%. From the business management aspect, the advantage of sea buckthorn production is that it provides better income and return at a planting cost which is similar to that of other small fruits and berries. At the same time, the disadvantage of sea buckthorn production is the fact that yields are harvested every two years due to the technological characteristics of harvesting. The negative impact of this bi-yearly yield on liquidity can be eliminated with the so-called delayed planting.
MEKAN, MÜZİK VE KİMLİK İLİŞKİSİ EKSENİNDE ÇAMDİBİ MÜZİSYEN KIRAATHANESİ VE “AREFE ÇALGISI” UYGULAMASI
Authors: DEVRİM KÜÇÜKEBE Hande
Published: March 2019

İnsanın çeşitli sosyal aktiviteleri gerçekleştirmek amacıyla kendi eliyle yarattığı,

coğrafi sınırlarla belirlenmiş mekanlar, yüklendikleri sembolik özellikler aracılığıyla

kültürel kimliği yaratma, yeniden yaratma ya da dönüştürme gücüne sahiptirler.

Mekanın müzik aracılığı ile kültürel kimliği inşa etme/dönüştürme gücünün

görüldüğü/mekan-müzik-kimlik ilişkisinin irdelenebileceği örnek olaylar ise küresel,

yerel ve bölgesel, kentsel, hatta sanal düzeyde mekanlarda

gerçekleşebilmektedirler. Bu makalede mekan kavramı geniş ölçekte İzmir kenti,

daha dar ölçekte ise Çamdibi semti ve ona bağlı bir kent mekanı olan Çamdibi

Müzisyen Kıraathanesi ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Makedonya göçmenleri, İzmir’de

yerleştikleri başlıca semtlerden biri olan Çamdibi’nde evlerini ve mahallelerini inşa

ederken yeni koşullar altında kültürel kimliklerini de yeniden kurgulamışlardır. Bu

yeni kimliksel yapı içerisinde müzik, onları kozmopolit İzmir kentindeki diğer

kültürel gruplardan farklı kılan ve grup kimliğini yaratan unsurlardan biri olmuştur.

Çamdibi Müzisyen Kıraathanesi ise “Çamdibili olma” ve “müzik” anahtar

kelimelerinin “Makedonya göçmeni olmak” ile eş değer olduğu bu anlam dünyası

içerisinde var edilmiş ve göçmen müzisyenlerin Ramazan bayramını karşılamak

üzere düzenledikleri “Arefe Çalgısı” uygulamasının doğuşuna vesile olmuştur.

Makale, söz konusu mekanın ve uygulamanın göçmen kimliği ve müzisyen

kimliğinin oluşum/dönüşüm sürecindeki rolünü ele almaktadır. 
Sytuacja uchodźców wewnętrznych na Ukrainie w świetle regulacji prawno-międzynarodowych
Authors: Kuźniak Brygida , Zeman Ihor
Published: March 2019

Tekst pokazuje wpływ umów międzynarodowych i międzynarodowych instytucji na przestrzeganie praw człowieka na Ukrainie. W pierwszej części omówiono zagadnienia z zakresu międzynarodowoprawnej ochrony uchodźców oraz zarysowano problematykę uchodźców wewnętrznych. W drugiej części przedstawiono skalę wspomnianego zjawiska na Ukrainie. W trzeciej części zaprezentowano odpowiednie rozwiązania prawa ukraińskiego. Całość opracowania zwieńczono konkluzjami.
TRENDS AND MAIN MANIFESTATIONS OF VIRTUALISATION OF MODERN CULTURE
Authors: Trach Yuliia
Published: March 2019

This article from the perspective of cultural studies disclosed virtualization manifestations of contemporary culture, in particular, pointed out that the entire global culture in a certain way connected with man-soluble virtual worlds, on the basis of which is described epistemological aspect of human activity. The attention that virtual reality can be seen as a new representation technique that in the near future will largely determine the aesthetic experience ofmankind. The problems of computer social networks as one of the most common and important cultural artifacts of our time. There was a need for a consistent and systematic cultural analysis of the phenomenon of virtuality.
Revisiting the effective exchange rates of the euro
Authors: Schmitz Martin , De Clercq Maarten , Fidora Michael , Lauro Bernadette , Pinheiro Cristina
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses in detail methodological issues in the construction of nominal and real effective exchange rate indicators based on the methodology used by the European Central Bank (ECB). Taking economic theory and data constraints into account, it presents the options available for constructing nominal and real effective exchange rates and describes how this is implemented in practice based on the example of the euro. In particular, the paper discusses the use and development of trade weights based on trade in manufactured goods(taking account of third market effects), the selection of trading partners, and the choice of deflators for constructing real effective exchange rate indices. It also describes how the concept of real effective exchange rates of the euro can be extended to consistent harmonised measures of competitiveness of euro area Member States. It finally shows how the available indicators can be applied in analysing exchange rate and competitiveness developments of the euro area as a whole or individual Member States.
The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index as a decision guide to business concentration: A statistical exploration
Authors: Djolov George
Published: March 2019

This article examines whether the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) is a reliable decision-making tool of business concentration. The statistical properties of the index are considered in order to facilitate an improved statistical decision-making with the index. A misinformed application of the HHI as to its statistical characteristics has encouraged questionable uses and applications of the index. It has also limited its potential uses. Understanding the statistical nature of the HHI reveals that there is more to this index than known heretofore.
On the Precision of Consumer Price Indices Caused by the Sampling Variability of Budget Surveys
Authors: Balk B.M. , Kersten H.M.P.
Published: March 2019

A consumer price index number (CPI) is the result of combining data from various complex sample surveys. In the present paper we concentrate on but one aspect of the accuracy of a CPI, namely, the variance due to the sampling variability of the budget survey(s) from which the weighting coefficients are derived. Using the individual budget survey data the variance of a CPI can be estimated by means of the method of balanced half samples. This method is applied to several types of CPIs and to CPIs for different groups of households.
Incorporating Longitudinal Aspects into Mortality Research Using Social Security Administrative Record Data
Authors: Duleep Harriet Orcutt
Published: March 2019

To develop effective policies to raise longevity and health, a clearer understanding must be achieved of what determines health and mortality. This can only be accomplished through a multivariate approach in which relevant variables are either statistically controlled for, or controlled in a natural experiments framework. Furthermore, a better understanding of the causal structure underlying variation in mortality requires longitudinal information on several explanatory variables. This paper describes the resources available in the Social Security administrative record system that can be utilized for the study of health and mortality determination. Studies that have used the administrative record data for mortality research are discussed. The most important data resource maintained by the Social Security Administration is the Continuous Work History Sample. This data set contains longitudinal information on several key variables. Matched to other administrative and survey data sources, the Continuous Work History Sample could be developed into a truly comprehensive data base for mortality research. Unfortunately, the development and even the maintenance of this file are endangered by ramifications of the 1976 Tax Reform Act.
Simple Measures of Inadequate Housing
Authors: Weicher John C.
Published: March 2019

This paper attempts to identify empirically a measure of inadequate housing that might be included in the 1990 Census of Housing, to provide housing quality information for small areas and population groups. The analysis starts with the elaborate measures formulated by HUD and CBO from the American Housing Survey, and develops much simpler criteria that correlate highly with these measures across Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, but require only two or three additional questions in the 1990 Census. Some 30 altematives were constructed; many performed reasonably well, and a few extremely well. The worst criteria were those consisting only of attributes already contained in the Census of Housing, among them the factors used in the Community Development Block Grant fund allocation formulas. As a byproduct, the most commonly used measure of inadequacy turns out to overstate substantially the incidence of inadequacy nationally, because it mismeasures heating system problems in the South.
The Reporting of Stigmatizing Health Conditions: A Comparison of Proxy and Self-Reporting
Authors: Berk Marc L. , Horgan Constance M. , Meyers Samuel M.
Published: March 2019

Previous studies have found that self-respondents tend to report a greater number of health problems than do household proxies. It has not been clear, however, if such results indicate reporting bias or reflect underlying health differences in the self-respondent and household proxy populations. Verification data from a survey of medical providers were examined in conjunction with the results of a national household survey. Our analysis indicates that the use of proxies does not increase misreporting. Overall reporting error between self-respondents and proxy-respondents is comparable on reports of mental illness. When physical stigmatizing conditions are examined, the use of proxies actually appears to be preferable to interviewing respondents directly.
Income Sources and Income Inequality: Measurements from Three U.S. Income Surveys
Authors: Lerman Robert I. , Lerman Donald L.
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the contribution of individual income sources to overall inequality. It provides new evidence from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) on the marginal effects of earnings of family heads, capital income, spouses' earnings, and housing income. The results differ from an earlier study based on the Current Population Survey (CPS). In the SCF, capital income is more disequalizing while spouses' earnings is more equalizing than in the CPS. SCF measures of the effects of housing income are similar to those based on the Survey of Residential Finance.
Recipient Value and Market Value: How They Measure Up in Counting the Poor
Authors: Haber Sheldon E.
Published: March 2019

Between 1965 and 1986 noncash government benefits rose from $1,492 to $2,787 billion dollars. In this study the conceptual and empirical bases of the recipient value and market value approaches to valuing these benefits are examined. The major conclusion of the paper based on empirical data provided in Bureau of the Census publications is that both approaches yield results that are sufficiently anomalous as to cast grave doubt on their usefulness for determining who is poor.
The Construction of Capital Stock Estimates at the Establishment Level: A Canadian Example
Authors: Schembri Lawrence , Beaulieu Eugene
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the theoretical issues associated with the construction of establishment-level capital stock estimates and proposes a methodology to generate such estimates given the establishment-level data on gross capital formation available at Statistics Canada. This methodology is then applied to a set of 36 establishments in the Canadian newsprint industry to obtain capital stock estimates in gross and net terms in constant, current and original dollars for the years 1975 to 1985. These estimates are then evaluated by comparing them to responses from a special survey of capital stock values conducted by Statistics Canada in 1984. On a relative basis the constructed estimates are consistent with the values provided by the survey.