bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Vitamin-D-Dependent Rickets Type 1A with Normal 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Caused by Two Novel Mutations of the CYP27B1 Gene
Authors: Giannakopoulos Aris , Efthymiadou Alexandra , Chrysis Dionisios
Published: June 2016

Background: Vitamin-D-dependent rickets 1A (VDDR-1A) is caused by mutations of the renal CYP27B1 gene and is a rare form of rickets. Herein, we report a 20-month-old toddler who presented with inability to walk and failure to thrive. The clinical, biochemical and radiological findings were consistent with a diagnosis of rickets, specifically of the genetic type due to increased 25-OH vitamin D stores. Methods and Results: Our patient was a compound heterozygote with 2 novel mutations: c.242G>A(p.Gly81Glu) and c.1144C>G (p.Pro382Ala) in the CYP27B1 gene. Analysis of both mutations with in silico models predicted a deleterious effect on 25-OH vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase function. Interestingly, the levels of 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D were within normal limits. Our patient was initiated on 1α-hydroxyvitamin D (alfacalcidol) and supplemental calcium. Monitoring of bone metabolism showed a normalization of all bone metabolism serum indices after 3 months of therapy and, thereafter, only alfacalcidol was given at a maintenance dose. The clinical follow-up showed a dramatic improvement in musculoskeletal activity, and the patient regained acceleration in height and weight appropriate for his age. Conclusion: This rare case report of VDDR-1A with normal levels of 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D enhances our awareness for this type of rickets in clinical practice.
CAPACIDADES DINÂMICAS E INOVAÇÃO EM SERVIÇOS ENVOLVIDAS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO E MANUTENÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL
Authors: Mazza Chael , Isidro-Filho Antonio , Hoffmann Valmir Emil
Published: June 2016

O presente estudo teve por objetivo geral descrever as relações entre capacidades dinâmicas (CD) e inovação em serviços (IS) envolvidas na implementação e manutenção de práticas de sustentabilidade empresarial. A articulação entre os construtos justifica-se uma vez que, no âmbito processual, tanto as CDs quanto a IS relacionam-se diretamente com a mobilização e transformação da base de recursos e objetivam a agregação de valor. Com base no modelo teórico, estabeleceu-se três proposições: (P1) a implementação e manutenção da sustentabilidade empresarial requer o desenvolvimento de capacidades dinâmicas; (P2) a adoção da ISO 14001 resulta em inovações em serviços; (P3) capacidades dinâmicas são mecanismos causais da inovação em serviços. Assim, elaborou-se um estudo de caso qualitativo e descritivo no Laboratório Sabin fundamentado em entrevistas semiestruturadas e dados documentais e na técnica de análise de conteúdo. Identificou-se 10 inovações e 12 capacidades dinâmicas que, por sua vez, foram categorizadas em dois grupos: implementação e operacionalização (CDIO) e manutenção e renovação (CDMR). As proposições P1 e P2 foram evidenciadas no estudo de caso. Verificou-se que, no âmbito da sustentabilidade, as capacidades dinâmicas atuam não apenas como causa da inovação, mas também como consequência, gerando um ciclo recursivo para a renovação de processos, rotinas e capacidades e contínuas inovações em serviços.
A NECESSIDADE DE ADAPTAÇÃO ÀS REGULAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS: DO FABRICANTE AO CONSUMIDOR ORGANIZACIONAL NO SETOR DE EQUIPAMENTOS ELETROMÉDICOS
Authors: Pereira Moacir , Silveira Marco Antonio
Published: June 2016

O impacto causado no meio ambiente pelo descarte de produtos eletroeletrônicos tem tornado uma tendência mundial as regulações ambientais no que tange à gestão adequada de Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (REEE). O governo brasileiro, ciente dessa necessidade, elaborou e promulgou em 2010 a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), que responsabiliza as empresas dos vários setores econômicos, e demais participantes da cadeia produtiva, pela destinação final dos produtos quando estes atingem o prazo de vida útil ou tornam-se inservíveis ao consumidor organizacional. Diante dessas novas demandas, iniciou-se em 2010 um projeto resultante da parceira entre o Centro de Tecnologia da Informação Renato Archer (CTI) e a Associação Brasileira da Indústria de Artigos e Equipamentos Médicos, Odontológicos, Hospitalares e de Laboratórios (ABIMO), denominado projeto CTI-ABIMO, para apoiar a adequação do setor às novas regulações ambientais. O setor visado é intensivo na utilização de tecnologia, exportador e composto majoritariamente por empresas de pequeno e médio portes nacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar os fundamentos, métodos e resultados do projeto CTI-ABIMO em apoio à adequação de empresas piloto aos requisitos da PNRS, de modo a manter a sua competitividade e contribuindo para a sustentabilidade do setor brasileiro de equipamentos eletromédicos. Foram consideradas as especificidades do setor para a gestão de REEE, dentre elas: equipamentos de longa vida útil comparado com outros produtos eletrônicos, predominância de hospitais e clínicas como clientes finais e parcela significativa de compras governamentais sobre o total de vendas do setor.
COMPREENDENDO O PROCESSO DE INOVAÇÃO COMO UMA ESTRUTURA COMPLEXA DE REGRAS MULTINÍVEIS
Authors: Dias Marcelo Fernandes Pacheco , Pedrozo Eugenio Avila
Published: June 2016

O framework Micro-meso-macro multinível se propõe a descrever o processo de inovação com base na complexidade e regras. Neste framework adota-se o conceito de regra como um conceito analítico, que possibilita estabelecer uma ligação entre as teorias de inovação. Entretanto, duas lacunas foram identificadas: a primeira está ligada à simplicidade com que a complexidade é tratada; e a segunda se refere à ausência de um foco nas regras associadas as teorias da inovação. O objetivo deste ensaio teórico é propor um framework multinível, com base nas regras e princípios de complexidade para analisar o processo de inovação. Neste novo framework as regras e as interações são detalhadas e baseadas em princípios de complexidade.
RELAÇÃO DO USO INTERATIVO DO SISTEMA DE CONTROLE GERENCIAL COM DIFERENTES MODELOS DE GESTÃO DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Utzig Mara Jaqueline Santore , Beuren Ilse Maria
Published: June 2016

O uso interativo de instrumentos do Sistema de Controle Gerencial (SCG) sugere consonância com os modelos de gestão da inovação, classificados por Roussel, Saad e Erickson (1991) como intuitivo, sistemático e estratégico. Assim, este estudo objetiva identificar a relação entre o nível do uso interativo de instrumentos do Sistema de Controle Gerencial (SCG) com os modelos de gestão da inovação propostos por Roussel, Saad e Erickson (1991) em empresas industriais brasileiras. Pesquisa descritiva foi realizada por meio de survey e abordagem quantitativa, com aplicação de estatística descritiva e análise de cluster. A amostra da pesquisa compreendeu 28 empresas industriais listadas na Revista Exame Melhores e Maiores, edição 2011. Os resultados mostram que dos três modelos de gestão de inovação, houve predominância do modelo de gestão de inovação estratégico não especialista. Observou-se ainda que as empresas no modelo de gestão sistemático apresentaram resultados que apontam à busca de melhores controles para gerenciar a inovação. O modelo intuitivo apresentou as menores médias dos clusters, indicando que estas empresas pouco gerenciam a inovação e seus processos por meio de instrumentos do SCG. Conclui-se que o uso interativo de instrumentos do SCG adequados ao modelo de gestão de inovação seguido pela empresa pode influenciar positivamente o nível de inovação, mas o seu uso permanente para controlar e gerenciar a inovação ainda é pouco difundido.
ENSINO DE EMPREENDEDORISMO: UTILIZAÇÃO DO BUSINESS MODEL GENERATION
Authors: Krakauer Patricia Viveiros de Castro , Porto Maria Cecilia Galante , Oliveira Claudio Soares de Moura e , Almeida Martinho Isnard Ribeiro de
Published: June 2016

O presente estudo procurou descrever como utilizar o Business Model Generation em aulas de empreendedorismo, objetivando apresentar a metodologia utilizada para aplicar o modelo em sala de aula e a percepção dos alunos sobre o uso de um modelo prático durante o aprendizado. A fundamentação teórica realizada versou sobre o modelo em si e seus antecedentes, sendo na sequência descrita a aplicação do Business Model Generation na disciplina de empreendedorismo na Faculdade de Economia e Administração da Universidade de São Paulo. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com os grupos de alunos, no total de quatorze, verificando-se que os mesmos aprovaram a iniciativa, sendo ressaltados pontos fortes e fracos da utilização do modelo em sala de aula. Além disso, apresentou-se a percepção dos docentes sobre a utilização do modelo. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, considerado como um caso de ensino. Poderá contribuir com docentes de graduação na decisão de utilizar o modelo em sala de aula, além de promover o início de pesquisas de temas relacionados ao modelo, uma vez que ainda são poucos os esforços acadêmicos realizados nesse sentido.
METODOLOGIA PARA CONTROLE DA AGREGAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DURANTE O PROCESSO DE INCUBAÇÃO. A EXPERIÊNCIA DA INCUBADORA TECNOLÓGICA AGENDE GUARULHOS, BRASIL - 2013.
Authors: Damião Devanildo , Graça Carlos
Published: June 2016

O sucesso de empresas nascentes nos EUA em setores de alta intensidade tecnológica gerou transbordamentos que mostraram às economias emergentes ser possível acelerar o desenvolvimento a partir da construção local de tais ambientes propícios à inovação. Particularmente no Brasil, não obstante os avanços de transferência do conhecimento tecnológico produzido e materializado em tais ambientes, ainda estão latentes duas lacunas estruturais neste processo: i) ausência de modelos de gestão, que incorporem as variáveis de impacto no processo de gestão da incubadora; ii) instrumentos que permitam mensurar de forma específica o nível de intensidade tecnológica de cada projeto, considerando a agregação de conhecimentos e aplicação dos mesmos. O presente trabalho oferece um instrumental frente ao segundo desafio, visto que permite mensurar o nível de intensidade tecnológica, o nível de maturidade e competências das empresas e a sua condição de evolução de agregação de conhecimento técnico aplicado ao seu negócio.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA INOVAÇÃO EM PRODUTOS E PROCESSOS NO DESEMPENHO DE EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Terra Natália Mendonça , Barbosa Jose Geraldo Pereira , Bouzada Marco Aurélio Carino
Published: June 2016

O principal objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as relações entre desempenho de inovações em produtos (processos) e crescimento (lucratividade) de empresas brasileiras pertencentes a três setores: fabricação de máquinas e equipamentos; fabricação de produtos químicos e fabricação de equipamentos de informática, produtos eletrônicos e ópticos. Foram utilizados dados das pesquisas PINTEC (2003, 2005 e 2008) e PIA (2003 a 2010) coletados no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Verificou-se, com base em resultados de regressões múltiplas e tratamento estatístico efetuado, a inexistência de uma relação positiva entre o desempenho de inovação em processo (produto) e lucratividade (crescimento). Em certa medida já se esperava que as inovações não fornecessem um nível de explicação alto para a variância em desempenho financeiro de empresas tendo em vista que a literatura indica outros fatores que também ajudam a explicar tal variância (atratividade do mercado, domínio de fontes de insumos, para citar apenas dois exemplos). Verificou-se também que a literatura visitada não é conclusiva sobre a relação entre inovação e desempenho financeiro, o que se deve em grande parte à diversidade de variáveis utilizadas na mensuração do desempenho tanto da inovação quanto financeiro.  Além da rejeição das hipóteses da pesquisa, o trabalho revelou outros resultados relevantes que podem subsidiar o gestor no processo decisório relacionado ao processo de inovação.
USANDO AS LENTES DA ESTRATÉGIA PARA COMPREENDER OS DETERMINANTES DO DESEMPENHO EM PROJETOS DE PESQUISA E INOVAÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA
Authors: Ramos Pedro Canna Brazil , CabraL Sandro
Published: June 2016

O presente trabalho objetiva identificar os fatores que afetam o desempenho de projetos de pesquisa e inovação agropecuária numa instituição pública de pesquisa. Selecionou-se uma amostra de 40 projetos de pesquisa da Embrapa e os resultados apontam que equipes heterogêneas e a formação de parcerias, redes e alianças influenciam positivamente no número de tecnologias geradas pelos projetos de pesquisa. O trabalho apontou um trade-off entre número de publicações científicas dos projetos e o número de tecnologias geradas pelos projetos. O número de artigos científicos gerados está correlacionado com a homogeneidade da equipe e com número de pesquisadores envolvidos nos projetos.
RADAR DA INOVAÇÃO COMO FERRAMENTA PARA O ALCANCE DE VANTAGEM COMPETITIVA PARA MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS
Authors: Carvalho Gustavo Dambiski Gomes de , Vieira da Silva Wesley , Santos Póvoa Angela Cristiane , Gomes de Carvalho Helio
Published: June 2016

As organizações, em geral, têm buscado a inovação como meio para obtenção de vantagem competitiva. No contexto das micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs), essa prática tem sido apoiada pelo Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE) por meio do programa Agentes Locais de Inovação (ALI), que tem como objetivo fortalecer a prática da inovação pela identificação de oportunidades para inovar. A principal ferramenta utilizada neste trabalho é o Radar da Inovação, que tem como base o trabalho original de Sawhney, Wolcott e Arroniz (2006). Este artigo buscou alcançar dois objetivos i) analisar como as MPEs podem utilizar o Radar como instrumento para a construção de estratégias para a inovação; ii) analisar comparativamente os setores participantes da amostra no que se refere à dimensão em que ocorre a inovação bem como a importância da inovação para cada setor analisado. A amostra do estudo foi composta de 1139 micro e pequenas empresas que aderiram ao programa ALI em 2012, Localizadas no Estado do Paraná. Os dados foram analisados por meio de testes estatísticos como o de Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney entre outros. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as MPEs inovam por meio de dimensões semelhantes do Radar, ainda que pertençam a setores diferentes. Contudo, a diferença entre os setores analisados está na intensidade da inovação, que mostrou-se mais robusta no setor de software e mais fraca no setor moveleiro. Verificou-se ainda que muitas dimensões do Radar foram pouco exploradas, o que mostra grande potencial para obtenção de vantagem competitiva por meio da inovação.
MENSURAÇÃO DA INOVAÇÃO EM EMPRESAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: De Paula Helton Cristian , Starling Debora Borlido , Nascimento Juliana Fontes , Barbosa Francisco Vidal
Published: June 2016

A inovação tem sido utilizada por um número cada vez maior de empresas como estratégia para obter vantagem competitiva. Para potencializar o desenvolvimento da inovação, vários governos têm incentivado o desenvolvimento de incubadoras de empresas. Dentre os tipos de incubadoras de empresas, destacam-se no contexto da inovação as de base tecnológica, que são aquelas que abrigam empresas com grande potencial de inovação. Apesar da importância da inovação no contexto atual, em especial para as empresas vinculadas a incubadoras de base tecnológica, não foi encontrado consenso na literatura especializada quanto a um conjunto de indicadores que possibilitem monitorar o processo de inovação. Face ao exposto, o presente trabalho se propõe a analisar os mecanismos utilizados para mensurar a inovação tecnológica e propor um conjunto de indicadores para monitorar esse processo nos empreendimentos de base tecnológica. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo exploratório das incubadoras associadas à Rede Mineira de Inovação (RMI) e de suas empresas incubadas, por meio de questionários estruturados e entrevistas semiestruturadas, respectivamente. A pesquisa investigou o uso de mecanismos para mensurar a inovação nesses empreendimentos e constatou o desconhecimento do assunto pela maioria dos participantes. A partir dos problemas e necessidades apontados e da literatura sobre o tema, foi proposto um conjunto de indicadores para mensurar a inovação nessas empresas.
BMP Antagonist Gremlin 2 Limits Inflammation After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sanders Lehanna N. , Schoenhard John A. , Saleh Mohamed A. , Mukherjee Amrita , Ryzhov Sergey , McMaster William G. , Nolan Kristof , Gumina Richard J. , Thompson Thomas B. , Magnuson Mark A. , Harrison David G. , Hatzopoulos Antonis K.
Published: June 2016

Rationale:

We have recently shown that the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist Gremlin 2 (Grem2) is required for early cardiac development and cardiomyocyte differentiation. Our initial studies discovered that
Grem2
is strongly induced in the adult heart after experimental myocardial infarction (MI). However, the function of Grem2 and BMP-signaling inhibitors after cardiac injury is currently unknown.

Objective:

To investigate the role of Grem2 during cardiac repair and assess its potential to improve ventricular function after injury.

Methods and Results:

Our data show that Grem2 is transiently induced after MI in peri-infarct area cardiomyocytes during the inflammatory phase of cardiac tissue repair. By engineering loss- (

Grem2
−/−

) and gain- (
TG
Grem2
) of-Grem2-function mice, we discovered that Grem2 controls the magnitude of the inflammatory response and limits infiltration of inflammatory cells in peri-infarct ventricular tissue, improving cardiac function. Excessive inflammation in

Grem2
−/−

mice after MI was because of overactivation of canonical BMP signaling, as proven by the rescue of the inflammatory phenotype through administration of the canonical BMP inhibitor, DMH1. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of Grem2 protein in wild-type mice was sufficient to reduce inflammation after MI. Cellular analyses showed that BMP2 acts with TNFα to induce expression of proinflammatory proteins in endothelial cells and promote adhesion of leukocytes, whereas Grem2 specifically inhibits the BMP2 effect.

Conclusions:

Our results indicate that Grem2 provides a molecular barrier that controls the magnitude and extent of inflammatory cell infiltration by suppressing canonical BMP signaling, thereby providing a novel mechanism for limiting the adverse effects of excessive inflammation after MI.
Force Discrimination Ability of the Human Hand near Absolute Threshold for the Design of Force Feedback Systems in Teleoperations
Authors: Khabbaz Faezeh Heydari , Goldenberg Andrew , Drake James
Published: June 2016

Force discrimination ability is an important surgical skill for micro or minimally invasive surgeries. This article analyzes the force perception of the human hand for lowintensity stimuli. Psychophysical experiments were conducted to measure just noticeable differences (JNDs) at four reference forces below 1 N. Reference forces are chosen to be in the range of forces in minimally invasive surgery that do not follow Weber's law. The force discrimination ability of two groups of subjects, surgeons and non-surgeons, is compared. Results demonstrate a superior ability of surgeons in discriminating small forces. The relationship between the JND and stimulus near absolute threshold is modeled. The application of the model in the design of force feedback systems for surgical teleoperation is discussed. In a force augmenting teleoperation system, the force feedback signal is amplified based on the characteristics of the human perception system. Therefore, the degraded human sense of touch at low-intensity forces would be compensated.
A new lizard species of the Phymaturus patagonicus group (Squamata: Liolaemini) from northern Patagonia, Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: MARÍN ANDREA GoNZÁLEZ , PÉREZ CRISTIAN hERNÁN FULVIO , MINOLI IGNACIO , Morando Mariana , Avila Luciano Javier
Published: June 2016

The integrative taxonomy framework allows developing robust hypotheses of species limits based on the integration of results from different data sets and analytical methods. In this work, we test a candidate species hypothesis previously suggested based on molecular data, with geometric and traditional morphometrics analyses (multivariate and univariate). This new lizard species is part of the Phymaturus patagonicus group (payuniae clade) that is distributed in Neuquén and Mendoza provinces (Argentina). Our results showed that Phymaturus rahuensis sp. nov. differs from the other species of the payuniae clade by a higher number of midbody scales, and fewer supralabials scales, finger lamellae and toe lamellae. Also, its multidimensional spaces, both based on continuous lineal variables and geometric morphometrics (shape) characters, do not overlap with those of the other species in this clade. The results of the morphometric and geometric morphometric analyses presented here, coupled with previously published molecular data, represent three independent lines of evidence that support the diagnosis of this new taxon.
On three new Orchestina species (Araneae: Oonopidae) described from China
Authors: LIU KEKE , XIAO YONGHONG , XU XIANG
Published: June 2016

Three new species of oonopid spider from China are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Orchestina apiculata sp. nov. from Hunan, O. bialata sp. nov. and O. multipunctata sp. nov. from Jiangxi. The total number of the known species of Orchestina from China rises to 11 with the addition of three new species described in the present paper. Relationships with Asian and Afrotropical representatives are discussed.
Descriptions of three new species of Dzhanokmenia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from China
Authors: LI QIN , WANG CHAO , HU HONG-YING , KOSTJUKOV VIKTOR V. , SALLE JOHN LA , ZHU CHAO-DONG
Published: June 2016

Three new species of Dzhanokmenia Kostjukov (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), D. muleica Li, Wang & Hu sp. n., D. karamayica Li, Wang & Zhu sp. n. and D. gobica Li, Wang & Zhu sp. n. from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China are described and illustrated. A key to all known species of the genus is provided.
The Dixa inextricata Dyar & Shannon (Diptera: Dixidae) species group, with two new cryptic species from the eastern Nearctic Region
Authors: MOULTON JOHN K.
Published: June 2016

Dixa inextricata Dyar & Shannon is currently regarded as a widespread species in the eastern Nearctic, currently distinguished from sympatric congeners by its brown coloration and triangular gonostylus as seen in lateral view. Recent morphological examination of archival material and dual morphological and molecular examination of recently acquired material fitting the diagnosis of Dixa inextricata revealed the presence of three species. These three species have never been found occupying the same stream in spite of two different pairs of members being geographically and temporally sympatric. The diagnosis of D. inextricata is revised, two closely related species D. appalachiensis sp. nov. and D. calciphila sp. nov., are described and the D. inextricata species group is defined. A key to separate males and natural history data for each species are provided.
Review of the genus Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988 (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) with description of two new species from China
Authors: SONG QIONG , GUO HUIFANG , BIAN XUN , SHI FUMING
Published: June 2016

This paper describes two new species of the genus Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988 (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) from China, i.e. Pteranabropsis crenatis Song, Bian & Shi sp. nov. and Pteranabropsis incisa Song, Bian & Shi sp. nov. Meanwhile, the photos of important morphological features and a distribution map of the genus Pteranabropsis Gorochov, 1988 are provided. Also, a key to the species of Pteranabropsis is provided. The examined specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University.
Postpartum Depression in a General Pediatric Practice
Authors: Friedman Suzanne , Rochelson Ellis , Fallar Robert , Mogilner Leora
Published: June 2016

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common problem in new mothers. Untreated PPD is associated with behavioral and developmental problems in children. We examined the effects of an educational session about PPD and modification of the electronic medical record (EMR) on providers’ screening for PPD. An education session was given to the physicians and pre and post surveys compared comfort and self-reported screening. Following the EMR change, a retrospective chart review was conducted from three time periods: group 1—before the conference, group 2—after the conference but before EMR change, and group 3—after screening in the EMR. Documented screening increased from 0% in group 1, to 2% in group 2, to 74% in group 3 ( P < .001). Ten percent screened positive, but only 14% had documented referrals to a provider for treatment. The combination of provider education and screening questions integrated into the EMR enhanced PPD screening rates among physicians in a busy practice.
Can Principals Promote Teacher Development as Evaluators? A Case Study of Principals’ Views and Experiences
Authors: Kraft Matthew A. , Gilmour Allison F.
Published: June 2016

Purpose: New teacher evaluation systems have expanded the role of principals as instructional leaders, but little is known about principals’ ability to promote teacher development through the evaluation process. We conducted a case study of principals’ perspectives on evaluation and their experiences implementing observation and feedback cycles to better understand whether principals feel as though they are able to promote teacher development as evaluators. Research Method: We conducted interviews with a stratified random sample of 24 principals in an urban district that recently implemented major reforms to its teacher evaluation system. We analyzed these interviews by drafting thematic summaries, coding interview transcripts, creating data-analytic matrices, and writing analytic memos. Findings: We found that the evaluation reforms provided a common framework and language that helped facilitate principals’ feedback conversations with teachers. However, we also found that tasking principals with primary responsibility for conducting evaluations resulted in a variety of unintended consequences which undercut the quality of evaluation feedback they provided. We analyze five broad solutions to these challenges: strategically targeting evaluations, reducing operational responsibilities, providing principal training, hiring instructional coaches, and developing peer evaluation systems. Implications: The quality of feedback teachers receive through the evaluation process depends critically on the time and training evaluators have to provide individualized and actionable feedback. Districts that task principals with primary responsibility for conducting observation and feedback cycles must attend to the many implementation challenges associated with this approach in order for next-generation evaluation systems to successfully promote teacher development.
Who Benefits from a Minimum Wage Increase?
Authors: Lopresti John W. , Mumford Kevin J.
Published: June 2016

The authors address the question of how a minimum wage increase affects the wages of low-wage workers relative to the wage the worker would have if there had been no minimum wage increase. The authors’ method allows for the effect to depend not only on the initial wage of the worker but also nonlinearly on the size of the minimum wage increase. Results indicate that low-wage workers who experience a small increase in the minimum wage tend to have lower wage growth than if there had been no minimum wage increase. A large increase to the minimum wage not only increases the wages of those workers who previously earned less than the new minimum wage but also spills over to workers with moderately higher wages. Finally, the authors find little evidence of heterogeneity in the effect by age, gender, income, and race.
Unemployment as a source of mental distress to individuals and their family: Unemployed parents’ perceptions during the economic recession
Authors: Frasquilho Diana , de Matos Margarida Gaspar , Santos Teresa , Gaspar Tânia , Caldas de Almeida JM
Published: June 2016

Background:

Due to the economic recession, several people in Europe became unemployed. This situation may risk their mental health.

Aim:

This study explored parents’ perceptions about their unemployment’s effects in daily life during the recession.

Methods:

A total of 59 unemployed parents (40.7% fathers and 59.3% mothers), ageing 44.4 years (±6.2), answer a question on how the unemployment affected their family lives. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data.

Results:

The findings suggest that unemployment is a source of adult and youth mental distress and of economic hardship and changes in family relations.

Conclusion:

Support to unemployed individuals and their families could benefit from these insights when granting the needed financial and socioemotional assistance.
Caregiving for mental health service users: A study exploring the perceptions of mental health service users and their caregivers in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Sibeko Goodman , Milligan Peter D , Temmingh Henk , Lund Crick , Stein Dan J , Mall Sumaya
Published: June 2016

Background:

Our study explores perceptions of the caregiver support for mental health service users (MHSUs) in a low- to middle-income country setting.

Materials:

We conducted in-depth individual interviews with 16 MHSUs and their treatment partners/caregivers from a treatment partner and text-message intervention study.

Discussion:

Treatment partners/caregivers felt obligated to care for MHSUs, but had a limited understanding of mental illness. They found supporting adherence to treatment difficult due to a number of factors including violence, food insecurity and substance abuse.

Conclusion:

Socioeconomic and environmental factors affecting the lives of MHSUs have impact on caregiver relationships with MHSUs in their care.
Kobi K. K. Kambon (Joseph A. Baldwin)
Authors: Jamison DeReef F.
Published: June 2016

Scholars engaged in the history of ideas have given very little attention, if any, to the intellectual history of African-centered psychological thought. Yet, there are pertinent issues addressed in the literature and the various discourses emanating from the literature produced by African-centered psychologists. Intellectual histories allow us to uncover the intellectual antecedents and trace the theoretical steps of the great thinkers that set the foundation for the road contemporary scholars travel. This brief intellectual portrait uses the pioneering work of Kobi Kambon as a representative model of important ideas discussed in African-centered psychology. Kobi Kambon is an internationally renowned scholar in African-centered psychology, Black personality, mental health, and cultural oppression. While this is not an exhaustive treatment of all of Kambon’s major works, it is an attempt to provide a theoretical and conceptual sketch of the intellectual influences, the intellectual contributions, and the intellectual spaces in which his scholarly activity took place. Kambon’s laborious work in developing and defining the parameters of African-centered psychology provides a blueprint and conceptual road map that future African-centered psychologists can consult as they continue to travel along the path of navigating the intellectual terrain of African-centered psychology.
Bases for a More Socially Just Humanistic Praxis
Authors: Lemberger Matthew E. , Lemberger-Truelove Tamiko L.
Published: June 2016

The authors suggest that social justice praxis is required of any humanistic practitioner. Inspired by a metamodern interpretation of humanistic psychology, the authors offer five propositions for the bases of a socially just humanistic praxis. Based on these propositions, the authors suggest that the humanist practitioner consider socially just certitudes while remaining open to multiple manifestations of justice. Additionally, social justice praxis will require the humanist to utilize a variety of tactics to meet the particular needs of oppressed individuals and groups.
The Effect of Color on the Use of Electronic Body Protectors in Taekwondo Matches
Authors: Falcó Coral , Conchado Andrea , Estevan Isaac
Published: June 2016

This study investigated the relationship between the color protector and success in taekwondo combats in the qualification championships, when electronic body protectors were used. Moreover, it analyzed the confounding effect of a participant being a top-ranked athlete in the 2012 London Olympic Games, in a sample of 462 matches. Results from the entire sample showed a non-significant relationship between the combat outcome and the winner’s color electronic protector. At the level of the tournament, the results showed a significant relationship between wearing a red electronic protector and winning the combat in the Asian and the European qualification tournaments. For gender and weight categories, there was no clear color effect. A significant association was, however, found between wearing red and winning the match in the female featherweight category. The inclusion of electronic body protectors and a counterbalanced seed-condition seem to be effective for controlling the effect of the protector’s color on the outcomes of combats.
Hospital Prices Increase in California, Especially Among Hospitals in the Largest Multi-hospital Systems
Authors: Melnick Glenn A. , Fonkych Katya
Published: June 2016

A surge in hospital consolidation is fueling formation of ever larger multi-hospital systems throughout the United States. This article examines hospital prices in California over time with a focus on hospitals in the largest multi-hospital systems. Our data show that hospital prices in California grew substantially (+76% per hospital admission) across all hospitals and all services between 2004 and 2013 and that prices at hospitals that are members of the largest, multi-hospital systems grew substantially more (113%) than prices paid to all other California hospitals (70%). Prices were similar in both groups at the start of the period (approximately $9200 per admission). By the end of the period, prices at hospitals in the largest systems exceeded prices at other California hospitals by almost $4000 per patient admission. Our study findings are potentially useful to policy makers across the country for several reasons. Our data measure actual prices for a large sample of hospitals over a long period of time in California. California experienced its wave of consolidation much earlier than the rest of the country and as such our findings may provide some insights into what may happen across the United States from hospital consolidation including growth of large, multi-hospital systems now forming in the rest of the rest of the country.
Differences Among Older Adults in the Types of Dental Services Used in the United States
Authors: Manski Richard J. , Hyde Jody Schimmel , Chen Haiyan , Moeller John F.
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to explore differences in the socioeconomic, demographic characteristics of older adults in the United States with respect to their use of different types of dental care services. The 2008 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) collected information about patterns of dental care use and oral health from individuals aged 55 years and older in the United States. We analyze these data and explore patterns of service use by key characteristics before modeling the relationship between service use type and those characteristics. The most commonly used service category was fillings, inlays, or bonding, reported by 43.6% of those with any utilization. Just over one third of those with any utilization reported a visit for a crown, implant, or prosthesis, and one quarter reported a gum treatment or tooth extraction. The strongest consistent predictors of use type are denture, dentate, and oral health status along with dental insurance coverage and wealth. Our results provide insights into the need for public policies to address inequalities in access to dental services among an older US population. Our findings show that lower income, less wealthy elderly with poor oral health are more likely to not use any dental services rather than using only preventive dental care, and that cost prevents most non-users who say they need dental care from going to the dentist. These results suggest a serious access problem and one that ultimately produces even worse oral health and expensive major procedures for this population in the future.
The Role of Transportation Disadvantage for Women on Community Supervision
Authors: Northcutt Bohmert Miriam
Published: June 2016

Access to transportation (i.e., walking, public transit, personal vehicles), or lack thereof, has not been extensively explored in criminal justice samples. Consequently, mixed-methods study of 366 women on probation and parole is the first to define transportation disadvantage, document its prevalence, and explore the problems related to it. Findings point to four themes, discovered in quantitative data analysis and buttressed by qualitative accounts, that illuminate the importance of transportation to justice-involved women. First, women have extensive transportation deficits at the individual level (e.g., they have poor physical health). Second, women rely heavily on social support. Third, women have deficits at the community level (e.g., they reside in inaccessible areas). Fourth, women have trouble identifying transportation-related problems directly, but through their narratives identify 10 distinct types. Further, transportation was a pressing concern for 42.6% of women that coincides with other needs such as health, safety, employment, neighborhood accessibility, and social support.
Understanding the contributions of prosodic phonology to morphological development: Implications for children with Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Demuth Katherine , Tomas Ekaterina
Published: June 2016

A growing body of research with typically developing children has begun to show that the acquisition of grammatical morphemes interacts not only with a developing knowledge of syntax, but also with developing abilities at the interface with prosodic phonology. In particular, a Prosodic Licensing approach to these issues provides a framework for understanding why children’s early use of grammatical morphemes is so variable. This in turn provides a means for making predictions, given the prosodic structure of a particular language and the location of a particular grammatical morpheme, if it is likely to be produced or not. Given that many of the patterns of development found in typically developing children are found in older children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) as well, the Prosodic Licensing Hypothesis should provide a better understanding of some of the variable use of grammatical morphemes found in children with SLI.
Prejudice Masquerading as Praise
Authors: Siy John Oliver , Cheryan Sapna
Published: June 2016

Five studies demonstrate the powerful connection between being the target of a positive stereotype and expecting that one is also being ascribed negative stereotypes. In Study 1, women who heard a man state a positive stereotype were more likely to believe that he held negative stereotypes of them than women who heard no stereotype. Beliefs about being negatively stereotyped mediated the relationship between hearing a positive stereotype and believing that the stereotyper was prejudiced. Studies 2 to 4 extended these results to Asian Americans and accounted for alternative explanations (e.g., categorization threat). In Study 5, the same positive stereotype (e.g., good at math) was directed to Asian American men’s racial or gender identity. Their perceptions about whether negative racial or gender stereotypes were being applied to them depended on the identity referenced by the positive stereotype. Positive stereotypes signal a latent negativity about one’s group, thereby explaining why they can feel like prejudice.
Between micro mappers and missing maps: Digital humanitarianism and the politics of material participation in disaster response
Authors: Givoni Michal
Published: June 2016

Crisis mapping is a new modality of participatory humanitarian action in which global publics are mobilized to trace digital maps of disaster-stricken sites and to classify, verify, and plot on maps Big Data produced by disaster-affected people. This article untangles the political rationalities behind this emergent form of digital humanitarianism by looking at two platforms that shape the self-organizing crowds in which crisis mapping is grounded: MicroMappers, a microtasking platform for processing messages from disaster zones, and the Missing Maps Project, which traces maps of disaster-prone areas in poor countries. While looking at the increasingly prominent interplay between device-based participation and technologies of advanced liberal governance in humanitarianism, I make two interrelated claims. First, I argue that ICTs do not promote the democratization of disaster response as much as they put at its disposal new tools for establishing order and security in crisis zones by facilitating the transfer of responsibility to humanitarian crowds. Second, I claim that the emergence of the crowd as a new humanitarian actor that serves the dual and potentially incommensurate purposes of resilience and witnessing perpetuates the ambiguities of a humanitarian endeavor whose inherent tensions had grown deeper since it gained its current political prominence.
School related resources and potential to exercise self-determination for young people in Swedish out-of-home care
Authors: Lagerlöf Hélène
Published: June 2016

This study focuses on access to school related resources for young people (13–18 years old) in foster and residential care. The aim is to examine the degree to which environments for young people in foster and residential care provide them with relevant resources for their schooling. The study employs a welfare perspective and the concept of level of living, where, given adequate resources, young people are seen as agents with the potential to exercise self-determination in their own lives. The data are retrieved from a survey of the level of living for young people placed in out-of-home care in Sweden, an exercise that replicates national surveys of children living at home. Access to resources is then compared for the two groups. This shows that young people in care, especially residential care, lack central school related resources. Based on these results, the article discusses looked after young people’s potential to exercise determination while in care.
First-order correction to counter the effect of eccentricity on the hole-drilling integral method with strain-gage rosettes
Authors: Barsanti Michele , Beghini Marco , Bertini Leonardo , Monelli Bernardo D , Santus Ciro
Published: June 2016

The offset between the hole and the centre of the strain-gage rosette is unavoidable, although usually small, in the hole-drilling technique for residual stress evaluation. In this article, we revised the integral method described in the ASTM E837 standard and we recalculated the calibration coefficients. The integral method was then extended by taking into account the two eccentricity components, and a more general procedure was proposed including the first-order correction. A numerical validation analysis was used to consolidate the procedure and evaluate the residual error after implementing the correction. The values of this error resulted limited to a few percentage points, even for eccentricities larger than the usual experimental values. The narrow eccentricity limit claimed by the standard, to keep the maximum error lower than 10%, can now be considered extended by approximately a factor of 10, after implementing the proposed correcting procedure, proving that the effect of the eccentricity is mainly linear within a relatively large range.
Correlation of Venous Blood Gas and Pulse Oximetry With Arterial Blood Gas in the Undifferentiated Critically Ill Patient
Authors: Zeserson Eli , Goodgame Ben , Hess J. Daniel , Schultz Kristine , Hoon Cynthia , Lamb Keith , Maheshwari Vinay , Johnson Steven , Papas Mia , Reed James , Breyer Michael
Published: June 2016

Rationale:

Blood gas analysis is often used to assess acid–base, ventilation, and oxygenation status in critically ill patients. Although arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis remains the gold standard, venous blood gas (VBG) analysis has been shown to correlate with ABG analysis and has been proposed as a safer less invasive alternative to ABG analysis.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of VBG analysis plus pulse oximetry (SpO2) with ABG analysis.

Methods:

We performed a prospective cohort study of patients in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) at a single academic tertiary referral center. Patients were eligible for enrollment if the treating physician ordered an ABG. Statistical analysis of VBG, SpO2, and ABG data was done using paired t test, Pearson χ2, and Pearson correlation.

Main Results:

There were 156 patients enrolled, and 129 patients completed the study. Of the patients completing the study, 53 (41.1%) were in the ED, 41 (31.8%) were in the medical ICU, and 35 (27.1%) were in the surgical ICU. The mean difference for pH between VBG and ABG was 0.03 (95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.04) with a Pearson correlation of 0.94. The mean difference for pCO2 between VBG and ABG was 4.8 mm Hg (95% confidence interval: 3.7-6.0 mm Hg) with a Pearson correlation of 0.93. The SpO2 correlated well with PaO2 (the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood) as predicted by the standard oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve.

Conclusion:

In this population of undifferentiated critically ill patients, pH and pCO2 on VBG analysis correlated with pH and pCO2 on ABG analysis. The SpO2 correlated well with pO2 on ABG analysis. The combination of VBG analysis plus SpO2 provided accurate information on acid–base, ventilation, and oxygenation status for undifferentiated critically ill patients in the ED and ICU.
Reductions in Parental Use of Corporal Punishment on Pre-School Children Following Participation in the Moms’ Empowerment Program
Authors: Grogan-Kaylor Andrew , Galano Maria M. , Howell Kathryn H. , Miller-Graff Laura , Graham-Bermann Sandra A.
Published: June 2016

Corporal punishment is a widely used and widely endorsed form of parental discipline. Inter-partner violence places enormous stress upon women. The rate of corporal punishment is higher in homes where other types of domestic violence are also occurring. This study compares two groups: those who participated in an intervention for women exposed to intimate partner violence (The Moms’ Empowerment Program [MEP]) and those in a comparison group. Using standardized measures, women in both groups were assessed at baseline and at the end of the program, 5 weeks later. The 113 mothers who participated in the MEP program had significantly improved their parenting, such that they had less use of physical punishment post-intervention. Findings suggest that a relatively brief community-based intervention program can reduce the use of parental physical punishment even in disadvantaged populations coping with stressful circumstances.