bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two psychologies: Specifics of research models
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Morozova Svetlana , Gorbunov Ivan ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2024

A pressing problem in psychology is the quality of the application of mathematical methods in the practice of psychological research, which was one of the reasons for the emergence of a replication crisis. Also, recently many publications have appeared criticizing mathematical statistics in psychological research within the framework of critical psychology. In our opinion, the following factors play a key role in this problem: 1) the contradiction between the requirement for comprehensive research and the multiplicity of hypothesis testing; 2) the ability to put forward or adjust post-hoc hypotheses; 3) the training of psychologists in the field of mathematical statistics is significantly dependent on the exponential growth in the number of methods for the study of which limited time is given. Consequently, it is necessary to form lists of mathematical methods that are preferable in certain areas from the point of view of statistical practice, the origins of which lie in general methodological principles. The paper examines the problems of the methodology of applying mathematical methods in psychological articles from the point of view of the frequency and dynamics of their use, the dependence of the level of citations and other phenomena on them. It also examines a sample of articles in eight leading APA journals over the past 110 years that use the most current mathematical methods in psychology — 24,657 publications. The sample was obtained using queries to the Psyc- ARTICLES database. Using machine learning methods and automatic data processing, the raw results of search queries were corrected and validated. The work carried out on standardization and validation of data of this kind is the first example of work of this nature carried out in psychology. Based on the validated results obtained using structural equation modeling, two main factors in the use of mathematical methods were identified. Several alternative models are considered and compared.
Nostalgia as a psychological phenomenon: Theoretical review of the research
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Soldatova Elena , Bartseva Ksenia ,   St. Petersburg State University, Alenina Evgenia ,   St. Petersburg State University,   HSE University, Tsigeman Elina ,   St. Petersburg State University, Likhanov Maxim ,   St. Petersburg State University, Vartanyan Gayane ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a theoretical review of research on the phenomenon of nostalgia — its essential characteristics, behavioural patterns; and identifies situational contexts that are most relevant to nostalgic experiences and approaches to the categorisation of nostalgia as a state and as a trait (proneness); considers the links and relations of nostalgia with various psychological constructs. Based on previous studies, a generalization of the functions of nostalgia has been carried out, among which we can emphasise both the functions common to mental states — integration, reflection, energetic, development, and specific ones — protective, anticipatory and, complementing reality. The approaches to the study of the place of nostalgia in the system of mental phenomena are analyzed: in a number of personal characteristics, in connections and relationships with cognitive functions. The article emphasizes the importance of situational context for the study of nostalgia, since the parameters of the situation can be triggers of nostalgia, actualizing its energy, protective and resource functions. The article emphasizes the importance of situational context for the study of nostalgia, since the parameters of the situation can be triggers of nostalgia, actualising its energetic, protective and resource functions. Factors mediating the effectiveness of nostalgia interventions are considered, such as personality traits (the Big Five and the Dark Triad). The specific nature of situations that evoke nostalgic experiences — the situation of isolation associated with physical, territorial or social limitations — has been identified. The conducted analysis allows us to define nostalgia as an integrative mental state, situationally determined, associated with changes in the individual’s life space, with internal experiences reflected in the person’s perception of the situation, influencing resilience and subjective well-being through a mediated relationship with individual characteristics. Despite a relatively large number of studies, the effects of nostalgia on individuals’ psychological well-being and resilience remain insufficiently understood and require further research using observational (including longitudinal) and experimental designs, and samples selected according to different criteria, particularly those in situations of isolation.
Gender in the Archive: The Dialogic Potential of Public Memory in the Outtakes from Claude Lanzmann’s Shoah
Authors:   Professor, Dept of English and Director of Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, Statesboro Campus, Georgia Southern University, USA, Costello Lisa A
Published: October 2024

The original version of the film Shoah had an enormous impact on the revival of Holocaust memory. However, women appeared only a few times over the course of those nine long hours. Even though Lanzmann’s film achieved complexity in its representation of places, it failed to equally represent the experiences of both women and men, which is a disservice to all survivors. In 2016, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) released over 220 hours of additional outtake footage from Shoah, never seen by the public. The outtakes reveal longer interviews with women, and these missing voices shed light on women’s experiences during the Holocaust in more detail. I argue that the “outtakes” of this film can be used by audiences to deconstruct gender “neutralities” around testimony to reimagine public memory narratives and spaces about the Holocaust as highly gendered. In the “rhetorical process of gendering” in public memory, so-called “neutral” public memory narratives can be challenged by newly discovered artifacts like the outtakes. Though Shoah had elements of ambiguity, there was no way to challenge its strict binary in gender representation— until now. This active audience engagement with Holocaust artifacts, what I call performative memorialization, marks a kairotic force in Holocaust memorialization; the past collapses into the present to elicit a dialogic of active audience participation.
Silent Strength and Subversive Acts: Feminist Interpretation of Pather Dabi (The Right of Way)
Authors:   Northern University Bangladesh, Islam Aurin Tasmia
Published: October 2024

This research item delivers a feminist interpretation of Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay’s novel Pather Dabi (The Right of Way), examining the subtle but powerful forms of resistance embodied by its female characters within the context of colonial Bengal. This article aims to analyze characters like Bharati and Sumitra’s journey in colonial India through their silent strength and subversive acts. The research shows that these women move forward to complex social and political landscapes, contributing significantly to revolutionary movements. Bharati’s intellectual prowess and strategic silences, juxtaposed with Sumitra’s behind-the-scenes activism, exemplify diverse modes of female empowerment and defiance. This paper explores the evolution of feminist ideas in Colonial India, illustrating traditional Indian society and Western ideologies converging to redefine women’s roles. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on gender dynamics in early 20th-century Indian fiction, arguing that Chattopadhyay’s sophisticated portrayal of women rises above conventional narratives of victimhood. By putting forward these often-overlooked aspects of Pather Dabi (The Right of Way), we propose a new framework for understanding female influence in colonial-era Bengali literature, one that recognizes the power of quiet rebellion and the lasting impact of women’s contributions to social change.
Comités de ética como ética aplicada: Hacia una ética cívica transnacional
Authors: Fuentes Valdebenito Nicolás
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es comprender los comités de éticas como una forma de ética aplicada para fundamentarlos moralmente a través del enfoque de la ética del discurso y la hermenéutica crítica y su gestación como una ética cívica transnacional. Para esto, se analizará las nociones de ética y moral en las sociedades pluralistas y la distinción de éticas de máximos y éticas de mínimos, para luego entender los comités de ética como éticas aplicadas y su presencia en la regulación chilena sobre su composición y funciones. La fundamentación moral de los comités de ética que se propone es la ética del discurso y la hermenéutica crítica. Este enfoque gradualmente desarrolla una ética cívica transnacional, ya que trasciende las fronteras nacionales donde los comités de ética no se centran solo en consideraciones locales, sino que también ir articulando lazos entre las distintas naciones.
Deleuze y la consciencia
Authors: Méndez Mardones Guillermo Nicolás
Published: October 2024

La filosofía de Gilles Deleuze se ha desarrollado alrededor su llamado empirismo trascendental. Mientras que la filosofía de la mente ha sido un campo de batalla donde distintos filósofos han tratado diversas problemáticas. En el presente artículo se pretende hacer una síntesis entre la filosofía deleuzeana con la filosofía de la mente y su idea de consciencia. Esto, pues la filosofía de Deleuze sirve como una caja de herramientas de la cual extraer conceptos que ayuden a tratar diversas problemáticas. En base a una revisión bibliográfica tanto de textos del filósofo francés como ensayos clásicos de la filosofía de la mente buscaremos unir ambas corrientes respecto a la construcción de la consciencia y el uso de la experiencia real en la misma. Además, pretenderemos entregar una pequeña nota de como la filosofía del empirismo trascendental serviría para tratar temáticas propias de los problemas de la consciencia en la filosofía de la mente.
San Agustín y Heidegger: filosofías de la búsqueda de sí
Authors: González Henao Natalia
Published: October 2024

El presente texto tiene la intención de tejer un puente entre el pensamiento de san Agustín de Hipona (2010) y Martin Heidegger (1997, 2009, 2012), teniendo en cuenta la gran influencia del hiponense sobre filósofo alemán. Esta relación se construye a partir de dos elementos fundamentales en ambos pensadores: la concepción del tiempo y la importancia de ir hacia el interior como una de las grandes preocupaciones existenciales. Siendo esta la pretensión fundamental, se hará énfasis en las similitudes y diferencias de estas dos filosofías en cuanto a lo ya descrito. Adicionalmente, se marcarán los distintos caminos por medio de los cuales alcanzan una misma conclusión: la temporalidad es un aspecto esencial para emprender la búsqueda más importante, la búsqueda de sí.
Os Cuidados de Enfermagem diante do Bebê Prematuro
Authors: Marques Natalia de Souza Vieira Teixeira , Gomes Elisângela do Nascimento Fernandes , Ribeiro Mario Luiz Jacobino , Silva Jannaína Sther Leite Godinho da , Silva Catia Maria Santos Diogo da , Souza Alessandra da Silva
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A prematuridade é uma das principais e crescentes causas da taxa de mortalidade infantil. Uma das medidas para reduzir os índices de morbidade e mortalidade neonatal é fornecer assistência adequada ao recém-nascido durante e após um parto prematuro inevitável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um estudo sobre os cuidados de enfermagem no atendimento ao bebê prematuro, com o intuito de fornecer subsídios para aprimorar a assistência de enfermagem e promover a saúde e o bem-estar do recém-nascido. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, que segundo Oliveira (2010), é a arte da palavra. Resultados e Discussão: No presente estudo, houve predominância de publicações no ano de 2018 e 2021, com 2 publicações cada ano. Por outro lado, em 2020 não houveram publicações relevantes ao estudo visto que os artigos publicados esses anos que foram encontrados não abordavam o tema principal do trabalho e não respondiam as questões levantadas. Em 2019 somente um trabalho foi publicado, assim como em 2022 e 2023. Ao todo foram identificados 7 artigos que se relacionavam com o tema de pesquisa. Nota-se que mesmo sendo um assunto recorrendo em pesquisa, poucos artigos respondias os objetivos estabelecidos pelo trabalho. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados apresentados, torna-se evidente a relevância dos cuidados de enfermagem no contexto do bebê prematuro. A implementação do Método Canguru, por profissionais capacitados, demonstrou impactos positivos na redução da dor durante procedimentos, no controle fisiológico, na promoção da amamentação e no fortalecimento do vínculo entre mãe e bebê.Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem; Prematuro; Recém-Nascido.
Conhecimento dos pacientes oncológicos sobre o câncer de pênis e seus fatores de riscos
Authors: Martins Junior Heleno Leite , dos Santos Daisy Maria Conceição , Rocha Jessica Marques da Hora , Almeida Joelson dos Santos
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O câncer de pênis é a neoplasia maligna do sistema urogenital que está diretamente relacionada ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico local. Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento dos pacientes de um hospital oncológico do Maranhão sobre o câncer de pênis e seus fatores de risco. Método: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo do tipo descritivo transversal de abordagem quantitativa que foi realizado em um Hospital Estadual de referência em oncologia de São Luís - Maranhão. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre julho e agosto de 2021 e contou com 100 participantes. Resultados: Observou-se que prevaleceram pacientes na faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos (43%) que trabalham como lavradores (29%). Mais da metade dos pacientes ouviram falar sobre o câncer de pênis (72%). Grande parte dos pacientes demonstraram conhecer os fatores de risco da doença, sendo mais expressivo, as práticas sexuais desprotegidas com diversos parceiros (98%). Quase a metade dos pacientes não utilizam preservativo em suas relações sexuais (46%). Poucos pacientes relataram terem encontrado alterações penianas como feridas, caroços ou sangramento, destes, 40% tratou a manifestação em casa. 57% dos pacientes informaram nunca buscar os serviços de saúde para prevenção de doenças, sendo, desinteresse, o principal motivo (53%). A figura feminina destacou-se como a principal responsável por orientar os homens a buscarem os serviços de saúde (53%), sendo a esposa, a maior responsável (61%). Conclusão: Medidas de educação em saúde para o esclarecimento da população masculina sobre o câncer de pênis e outras temáticas de predominância local podem ser eficazes e necessárias para prevenção de doenças e agravos.
Palavras-Chave: Neoplasias Penianas; Conhecimento; Saúde do Homem.
Uso de aplicativo para smartphone no ensino de urgência e emergência: relato de experiência
Authors: Oliveira Igor Matheus Silvestre de , Soares Dácia Silva , Lacerda Ester Silva Gonçalves de , Souza Maria Cristina de Almeida , Sampaio Juliana Profilo
Published: October 2024

Introdução: Tendo em vista que acidentes podem acontecer em qualquer cenário, hospitalar ou extra hospitalar, o uso de aplicativos (App) tem surgido como metodologia de ensino para o manejo básico de situações de urgência e emergência (UE). Objetivo: relatar a experiência com a utilização de um App para smartphone na socialização de informações sobre condutas em determinadas situações de UE. Nesse sentido, é imprescindível difundir esse tipo de tecnologia para potencializar o preparo da população em relação às diversas urgências e emergências. Metodologia: o App “APP EMERGENCY UNIVASSOURAS”, contempla as situações de UE de maior prevalência, como parada cardiorrespiratória, crise convulsiva, obstrução de vias aéreas e síncope. Produto do Mestrado Profissional de Ciências Aplicadas em Saúde da Univassouras, o App disponibiliza também um vídeo instrucional com as medidas indicadas para cada uma das situações de UE. Conclusões: o App tem o potencial de contribuir para a execução de manobras que irão ser importantes no contexto emergencial, garantido maior habilidade para a população enfrentar situações de risco a vida que podem ocorrer no dia a dia.
Palavras-chave: Aplicativos Móveis; Educação em Saúde; Primeiros Socorros
A assistência de enfermagem aos corpos trans nos espaços do cuidar
Authors: De Sá Márcio Vinícius Silva , Ricci Adiel Queiroz
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O debate acerca da população Transgênero, Transexual e Travesti ainda se encontra incipiente quando se aborda, de um modo geral, a legitimação de sua vivência. Apesar de conquistas de direitos da LGBTQIA+ ainda existem relatos de violência feitas por profissionais, sejam elas intencionais ou não. Este artigo se objetivou realizar uma revisão integrativa de literatura acerca da assistência de Enfermagem sobre a população transexual. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura da produção científica acerca do atendimento em clientes transexuais nos âmbitos de saúde, utilizando artigos na base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual Em Saúde. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de onze artigos que se encaixavam no tema com nove artigos qualitativos, exploratórios e um de revisão integrativa. Discussão: Para esse tipo específico de grupo na comunidade haverá necessidades e singularidades e, por consequência, seu próprio tipo de abordagem de enfermagem diferenciada levando em conta a demanda do paciente e suas particularidades sociais. Apesar de a grade curricular não possuir mais conteúdo sobre o tema, o acolhimento deve ser realizado tendo em vista a busca de problemas do paciente e o seu contexto social. Conclusão: É notória a necessidade em reduzir situações de vulnerabilidade para esse público e maior adesão na grade curricular de ensino para discussão de modo tranversal.
Palavras-Chave: Cuidados de Enfermagem; Pessoas Transgênero; Serviços de Saúde.
Yunpi Rougan Prescription in Treating Constipation-Predominant IBS: Clinical Observation and Gut Microbiota Effects
Authors: Wang Yongshuang , Xu Xiangxiang , Yang Shuhao , Gu Chao , An Zhentao , Ding Xuefei , Tian Yaozhou , Pan Chengyu , Li Hui
Published: October 2024

Background:

Constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) is a chronic
functional intestinal disease that can significantly reduce patients' quality of life.

Objective:

This study aims to evaluate the clinical effect and mechanism of YunPi RouGan
(YPRG) prescription on IBS-C patients with liver-depression and spleen-deficiency syndrome.

Methods:

42 IBS-C patients receiving treatment at Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from May 2022 to March 2023 were recruited and
randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group, with 21 patients in each group. The
patients received either a YPRG prescription or a linalotide capsule for 4 weeks. A series of
scales were utilized to evaluate the clinical symptoms, psychological aspects, and quality of life
in IBS patients. Meanwhile, fresh fecal samples were collected to analyze the changes in gut microbiota
by 16SrDNA sequencing.

Results:

In terms of clinical treatment, both YPRG prescription and the first-line drug linaclotide
have similar effects for IBS-C. However, YPRG prescription has demonstrated significant improvements
in several symptoms, such as abdominal distension and belching. Furthermore, it has
been shown to upregulate the diversity of gut microbiota and induce changes in the types of
dominant microbiota in IBS-C patients. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroides increased,
while Proteobacteria, actinobacteria, and desulphurobacteria decreased. At the genus
level, Bacteroides, Spirillum, Clostridium praxis, Roxella, Para-salmonella, Haemophilus, koala
bacillus, Micrococcus rare, Spirillum, and Streptococcus increased significantly.

result:

In terms of clinical treatment, both YPRG prescription and the first-line drug linaclotide have similar effects for IBS-C. However, YPRG prescription has demonstrated significant improvements in several symptoms, such as abdominal distension and belching. Furthermore, it has been shown to upregulate the diversity of gut microbiota and induce changes in the types of dominant microbiota in IBS-C patients. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroides increased, while Proteobacteria, actinobacteria and desulphurobacteria decreased. At the genus level, Bacteroides, Spirillum, Clostridium praxis, Roxella, Para-salmonella, Haemophilus, koala bacillus, Micrococcus rare, Spirillum and Streptococcus increased significantly.

Conclusion:

The effect of YPRG prescription on improving the clinical symptoms of IBS-C
may be attributed to its potential to regulate gut microbiota.
KLF15 Transcription Activated Tachykinin Precursor 1 to Induce Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shen Yupeng , Shi Yong , Liu Xin , Zhang Ming , Zhou Liang , Xu Chengzhi
Published: October 2024

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers related to Peripheral
Neural Invasion (PNI) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods:

The PNI-related differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) in HNSCC were identified
to construct a PNI-related risk score model. The expression level and ROC curve for
Tachykinin Precursor 1 (TAC1) were calculated. Additionally, two kinds of in vitro models of
PNI were established for investigation, including the Matrigel-PNI model and the Transwell-PNI
model. Furthermore, the transcription factor of the TAC1 was predicted and verified by qRTPCR.

Results:

A total of 139 DE-mRNAs were identified in PNI positive and negative groups of
HNSCC patients. The risk-score marker model incorporating 20 PNI-related DE-mRNAs was
established. The TAC1 was identified as a potential highly expressed PNI marker, which exhibited
good performance in predicting PNI events. Patients with higher TAC1 expressions demonstrated
significantly shorter survival rates compared to those with lower TAC1 expressions in
HNSCC. Besides, the knockdown of TAC1 significantly repressed neural invasion in HNSCC
cells in vitro, according to the Matrigel-PNI model and Transwell-PNI model. Furthermore,
KLF15 was predicted and verified as a transcription activator of TAC1 in HNSCC.

Conclusion:

This study highlights that the activation of KLF15 transcription of TAC1 promotes
PNI in HNSCC cells, which provides guidance regarding the molecular diagnosis of PNI in
HNSCC cells.

conclusion:

This study highlights TAC1 as a PNI biomarker in HNSCC, and shed light on guiding molecular diagnosis of PNI in HNSCC.
Design and Development of [1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazines as Potential Anticancer Agents with Genotoxicity and Apoptotic Activity
Authors: Khatir Zahra Zakeri , Valipour Mehdi , Rahmani Kasra , Aghajanshakeri Shaghayegh , Shokrzadeh Mohammad , Irannejad Hamid , Ghasemian Majid
Published: October 2024

Aims:

In this current study, a new series of triazolo-triazine derivatives were designed
and synthesized as potential anticancer agents. Methods: The antiproliferative activity of the new
compounds was evaluated against three different cancerous cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HCT-116,
A549, and HT-29) using an MTT assay. To evaluate the mechanism of action, the ability of the best
compound in apoptosis induction and DNA damage was evaluated using the flow cytometry technique
and comet assays. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was used to investigate their
interactions with the two targets, VEGFR2 and c-Met kinases. Results: Results showed that 6-(4-
bromophenyl)-3-((4-methoxybenzyl)thio)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazine (8c) demonstrated
the best anti-proliferative activity against the human colorectal carcinoma cells HCT-116 with an
IC50 value of 38.7 ± 1.7 μM. In silico evaluations showed that the triazolo-triazine scaffold, along
with the methoxy substitution of compound 8c, was involved in creating effective H-bond interactions
in the active site of both targets. Conclusion: Our results showed that compound 8c significantly
increased cell death through apoptosis induction and caused a significant increase in genotoxicity.
Furthermore, it was found that the tested compound 8c, with a selectivity index of 1.74,
possessed selective antiproliferative activity towards the colorectal cancer cell line HCT-116 compared
to the normal fibroblast cell line. These findings could be useful in the development of novel
VEGFR2/c-Met dual-targeted inhibitors in the future.
Heterocyclic Derivatives in Parkinson’s Therapy: Recent Advances and Prospects
Authors: Kanupriya  , Sharma Vikram , Verma Suraj Pal , Mishra Isha , Mittal Ravi K , Biswas Tanya , Mishra Raghav
Published: October 2024

Objectives:

This study aims to conduct a thorough examination of the most recent derivatives
that have been studied for their potential in treating Parkinson’s disease and to establish the
connection between the chemical structure of these derivatives and their effectiveness as therapeutic
agents.

Methods:

A thorough examination of the available literature was carried out to gather data about
the identification of pertinent research on derivatives aimed at addressing Parkinson’s disease. The
literature was analyzed to determine derivative chemical structures, modes of action, and preclinical
and clinical results.

Results:

To discover novel derivatives with therapeutic potential for Parkinson’s disease, our investigation
uncovered a variety of such chemical compounds. These derivatives cover a wide range of
chemical classes and demonstrate different ways of working, such as impacting neurotransmitter
systems, acting as antioxidants, and providing neuroprotective effects. In addition, an examination
of the SAR (Structure-activity relationship) uncovered important structural characteristics linked to
improved therapeutic effectiveness.

Conclusion:

This manuscript offers a thorough examination of the most recent derivatives aimed at
addressing Parkinson’s disease and their potential for therapeutic use. The understanding of SAR
and pharmacological attributes provides insights into the development and refining of novel medications
for Parkinson's disease treatment, promoting advancement in the field of neurotherapeutics.
Therapeutic Potential of 5α-Reductase Inhibitor 17-oxo-17a-aza-D-homo-5-androsten-3β-yl phenoxyacetate (17a-aza Steroid) in the Management of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jan Gowsia , Bhat Swati , Dhawan Devinder Kumar , Dhingra Neelima , Chadha Vijayta Dani
Published: October 2024

Background:

The present study highlights the comparative therapeutic efficacy of the
newly synthesized drug 17-Oximino-5-androsten-3β-yl 4-aminobenzoate (17a-aza steroid) and finasteride
for the treatment of experimentally induced prostate carcinogenesis in rats. Considering the
inhibitory activity of the oximes to 5α-reductase and the role of the ester group in augmenting the anti-
androgenic property, we decided to synthesize a compound with a lactam moiety in ring D and esters
at 3β position of androsterone nucleus as a more potent 5α-reductase inhibitor.

Methods:

In this study, 30 rats were divided into six groups, viz. Group I as normal controls, Group
II was treated with carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and hormone testosterone propionate
(TP) for inducing prostate cancer, Group III rats were treated with finasteride (10mg/Kg of body
weight for 8 weeks through gavage), Group IV was treated with 17a-aza steroid (10mg/Kg of body
weight for 8 weeks through gavage), whereas, Group V and Group VI were given finasteride and
17a-aza steroid, respectively, with similar doses as in Group III and IV after pretreatment with a carcinogen
(MNU) and hormone (TP).

Results:

The induction of carcinogenesis by treating animals with MNU+TP revealed a significant
reduction in weight loss as compared to the normal control group, which, however, increased following
17a-aza steroid treatment. Furthermore, the study witnessed a significant improvement in prostatic
biomarker, viz prostatic acid phosphatase (PAcP) in serum following finasteride and 17a-aza steroid
treatment to MNU+TP treated rats. Histological investigation of prostate tissue sections of 17aaza
steroid-treated prostate cancer rats showed milder hyperplastic glandular epithelium and exhibited
signs of recovery as compared to carcinogen-treated rats.

Conclusion:

The present findings are preliminary and suggest that the 17a-aza steroid has therapeutic
efficacy for the management of experimentally induced prostate cancer, as evidenced by changes in
prostate weight, PAcP levels, and histology. In comparison to finasteride, further exploration is needed
to assertively conclude its comparative therapeutic efficacy.
Discovery of Novel PTP1B Inhibitors by High-throughput Virtual Screening
Authors: Debnath Abhijit , Rani Anjna , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Shalini , Srivastava Shikha , Chaudhary Hema , Mishra Rashmi , Khurana Navneet , Sanchitra Jahanvi , Jan Sk Ashif
Published: October 2024

Aim:

To Discover novel PTP1B inhibitors by high-throughput virtual screening

Background:

Type 2 Diabetes is a significant global health concern. According to projections,
the estimated number of individuals affected by the condition will reach 578 million by the year
2030 and is expected to further increase to 700 million deaths by 2045. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase
1B is an enzymatic protein that has a negative regulatory effect on the pathways involved
in insulin signaling. This regulatory action ultimately results in the development of insulin
resistance and the subsequent elevation of glucose levels in the bloodstream. The proper
functioning of insulin signaling is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis, whereas the
disruption of insulin signaling can result in the development of type 2 diabetes. Consequently,
we sought to utilize PTP1B as a drug target in this investigation.

Objective:

The purpose of our study was to identify novel PTP1B inhibitors as a potential
treatment for managing type 2 diabetes.

Methods:

To discover potent PTP1B inhibitors, we have screened the Maybridge HitDiscover
database by SBVS. Top hits have been passed based on various drug-likeness rules, toxicity
predictions, ADME assessment, Consensus Molecular docking, DFT, and 300 ns MD Simulations.

Results:

Two compounds have been identified with strong binding affinity at the active site of
PTP1B along with drug-like properties, efficient ADME, low toxicity, and high stability.

Conclusion:

The identified molecules could potentially manage T2DM effectively by inhibiting
PTP1B, providing a promising avenue for therapeutic strategies.
Fabrication of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrates in Analytical Science by Natural-inspired Materials: A Review
Authors: Li Kai , Zhang Lan , Wang Le , Guo Liqiang , Li Yajing
Published: October 2024

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, as a novel rapid detection
technology, offers molecular fingerprinting capabilities that achieve trace-level detection. The key to
optimizing SERS sensitivity and reliability lies in the precise control of the nanostructures of SERS
substrates. Nature, through billions of years of evolution, has served as a masterful creator, developing
organisms with remarkable abilities based on micro/nanostructures, such as the superhydrophobicity
of lotus leaves and the strong adhesive forces of gecko feet. This review categorizes the recent
developments in SERS substrates inspired by natural materials into three main types: plant-based,
animal-based, and virus-based. Each category is explored in detail, describing how their unique
nanoarchitectures inspire the development of highly sensitive SERS substrates, along with their fabrication
methods and applications in analytical science. Additionally, the review identifies current
challenges, such as the uniformity and scalability of naturally inspired SERS substrates and suggests
future directions, including the integration of hybrid biomimetic structures and advanced manufacturing
techniques. By fostering a deeper understanding of these nature-inspired materials, we aim to
enhance the practical application of SERS in analytical science in the future.
The Neuroprotective Action of Resveratrol Against Cognitive Impairments Induced by Lorazepam in Male Rats
Authors: Chakraborty Anup Kumar , Tiwari Prashant , Khobragade Deepak Shamrao , Kadiri Sunil Kumar , Sheikh Imran A , Thakur Jyoti
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Aim:

The study examines how chronic resveratrol administration affects
behavioral and neurochemical changes caused by Lorazepam (LZP), a classical anti-anxiety
medicine associated with neurodegenerative and neurological problems.

Method:

Forty male rats were placed into four groups: a control group receiving 1% Tween 80,
the LZP group receiving 2 mg/kg/day, the Resveratrol group receiving 50 mg/kg/day, and the
LZP plus resveratrol group receiving the same doses of LZP and Resveratrol. Oral therapy was
given daily for 6 weeks. The animals were euthanized after open field and Y maze behavioral
tests. In specific brain regions, neurochemical analyses were performed on GABA, glutamic acid,
monoamines (norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin) and their metabolites, DNA fragmentation
(8-hydroxy-2–deoxyguanosine or 8-HdG), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),
and Ca-ATPase.

Results:

Resveratrol therapy improved GABA, glutamic acid, monoamines, and their metabolites
in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. Additionally, it reduced DNA fragmentation (8-
HdG) and counteracted LZP-induced Ca-ATPase downregulation at a significant level (p < 0.05).
Resveratrol also reversed LZP-induced behavioral changes in the Y maze and open field tests.

Conclusion:

Resveratrol has anxiolytic-like actions like benzodiazepines and neuroprotective
capabilities against LZP-induced adverse effects.
NEXT-GEN Medicine: Designing Drugs to Fit Patient Profiles
Authors: kamal Raj , . Diksha , Paul Priyanka , Awasthi Ankit , Singh Amandeep
Published: October 2024

Personalized medicine, with its focus on tailoring drug formulations to individual patient
profiles, has made significant strides in healthcare. The integration of genomics, biomarkers, nanotechnology,
3D printing, and real-time monitoring provides a comprehensive approach to optimizing
drug therapies on an individual basis. This review aims to highlight the recent advancements in personalized
medicine and its applications in various diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases,
diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative diseases. The review explores the integration of multiple
technologies in the field of personalized medicine, including genomics, biomarkers, nanotechnology,
3D printing, and real-time monitoring. As these technologies continue to evolve, we are entering
an era of truly personalized medicine that promises improved treatment outcomes, reduced adverse
effects, and a more patient-centric approach to healthcare. The advancements in personalized medicine
hold great promise for improving patient outcomes and reducing adverse effects, heralding a
new era in patient-centric healthcare.
Nattokinase Attenuated Excitatory Amino Acids and Cytokines Release and Restored Cerebral Blood Flow in a Thrombolytic Focal Cerebral Ischemic
Rat Model
Authors: Ramanathan M , KM Mohammed Jamshir , Jose Jerin M , Ganesan Nidhya
Published: October 2024

Objective:

Nattokinase (NK), a protease enzyme present in traditional fermented Japanese
food, has shown fibrinolytic properties in vitro as well as in cardiac ischemia. In the present
study, the Neuroprotective effect of standardized NK was evaluated in the thrombolytic focal cerebral
ischemic model.

Methodology:

The parameters of behavioural assessment, cerebral blood flow, inflammatory mediators,
excitatory amino acids, and immunohistochemistry were measured to support the NK effect.
NK was administered at 150 and 300 mg/kg, and its effects were compared with streptokinase
(STK) (100μl/rat). Each mg of NK contains 5.5 Units of the enzyme, which can cause lysis of the
fibrin.

Results:

The results indicate that 7 days of treatment of 300 mg NK restored the cerebral blood
flow and prevented the release of cytokine and excitatory amino acids. Similarly, neurological
scores were reduced, and grip strength increased significantly with NK treatment. The GFAP and
synaptophysin staining of the hippocampus (CA1) and cerebrum have shown recovery of neurons
from ischemic damage in comparison to vehicle-treated ischemic-reperfused rats. The NK (300
mg/kg) fibrinolytic effect is comparable to STK treatment.

Conclusion:

To conclude, NK, a serine protease, protects the brain from ischemic degeneration in
thrombolytic cerebral ischemia. Consumption of this Japanese food might exhibit prophylactic activity.
Recent Patents on Piano Tuning System
Authors: Zhang Xinfang , Duan Haichao , Zhang Jiaying
Published: October 2024

Piano tuning plays a very important role in piano playing and music education. Regular
tuning can prolong the service life of the piano, improve the sound saturation, and make the sound
more concentrated and full. Automated mechanical equipment, controllers, sensors, and other
equipment are used to automatically tune pianos to solve the problems of human error, overtone
resonance interference, string breakage, etc., occurring in manual tuning. To solve the above problems,
based on the synthesis of related patents and research results, the patents on automatic tuning
system and methods for modulating piano are introduced in detail. An automatic tuning system can
replace manual tuning, simplify the complex process of tuning, and consider the problem of overtone
interference caused by the vibration of the strings to improve the accuracy of tuning; it can, at the
same time, perform real-time monitoring of the string tension, protecting the strings from breaking
due to tuning. The automatic tuning system has a simple structure and a high degree of automation;
its method is highly accurate and it can replace professional tuning technicians, being highly innovative
and widely practical.
Direct Current Ripple Component Detection Algorithm Based on Improved Variational Mode Decomposition
Authors: Meng Jing , Bai Jingfen , Cen Wei , Liu Lina , Chen Tengfei , Xu Suan , Zhang Zhijie
Published: October 2024

Background:

The development of smart grids requires energy meters that enable accurate
measurements.

Objective:

In response to the current issue where Direct Current (DC) energy meters only measure
DC components and not ripple components, we propose to design a novel algorithm to achieve accurate
separation of DC components and ripple components in DC signals.

Methodology:

This patent proposes a precise detection algorithm for ripple components. The algorithm
is based on the Wavelet Decomposition combined with Flamingo Search Algorithm-Variational
Mode Decomposition (WD-FSA-VMD). Firstly, we analyze the ripple characteristics in the DC signal
and use the Wavelet Decomposition (WD) algorithm to separate the ripple components in the DC
signal accurately. Secondly, we utilize the Flamingo Search Algorithm (FSA) to optimize the number
of modal decompositions and the penalty factor in the Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD). This
allows us to accurately extract the ripple components. Finally, we conducted simulation experiments
comparing the improved algorithm with the original algorithm.

Results:

The experimental results indicate that the signal correlation coefficient obtained by the WDFSA-
VMD algorithm increases by 82.64% compared to traditional VMD, and it increases by 16.72%
compared to the combined Wavelet Decomposition with Whale Optimization Algorithm-Variational
Mode De-composition (WD-WOA-VMD).

Conclusion:

The improved algorithm we proposed has good adaptability and separation performance.
It is prospective for the new algorithm to provide a valuable reference to ripple detection
technology.
AI Chatbots in Fintech Sector: A Study Towards Technological Convergence
Authors: Bansal Chandni , Kumar Ajay , Dogra Namrata , AlZohbi Gaydaa , Prakash Chand
Published: October 2024

The Fintech industry, particularly banks, has witnessed a profound transformation
with the integration of Artificial Intelligence chatbots, redefining customer experience and engagement.
As Fintech firms increasingly integrate AI chatbots into their platforms, understanding
customer perceptions becomes paramount for strategic decision-making and sustained success.
To unravel the complexities of this convergence, a holistic examination is needed, encompassing
not only the technological aspects but also the strategic dimensions that underpin
competitive advantage. In this context, the role of intellectual property, particularly patents,
emerges as a critical factor shaping the innovation landscape. This research aims to comprehensively
investigate customers' perceptions towards AI chatbots in the Fintech industry, with
a specific focus on technological convergence. The study seeks to analyze the impact of cutting-
edge AI chatbot technologies, including those protected by patents, on user attitudes and
overall customer experience within the dynamic fintech landscape. This study provides a comprehensive
review of 40 empirical studies on AI chatbots in the fintech industry, particularly
the banking sector, featuring patented innovations using the PRISMA methodology. Study outcomes
illustrate emerging themes related to consumer behavior and response to financial chatbots
in terms of acceptance and adoption intention. Additionally, four key factors that influence
how people perceive, anticipate, and engage with fintech chatbots, namely satisfaction,
trust, anthropomorphism, and privacy are explored. In conclusion, the finance industry's
effective integration and broad use of AI chatbots is dependent on the convergence of four
factors: satisfaction, privacy, trust, and anthropomorphism. Current study offers a strong basis
for analysing and resolving the obstacles to AI chatbot acceptance and deployment in the
financial sector by addressing all these elements extensively. This exploration of technological
convergence in fintech industry by analyzing customers' behavior and response to financial
chatbots not only contributes to a comprehensive understanding of its intricacies but also
serves as a foundation for development and deployment of user-centric fintech chatbots.
An Enhanced Deep Learning Technique to Detect and Classify Hemorrhages Based on CNN with Improved LSTM by Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm
Authors: A Veena , S Gowrishankar
Published: October 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main cause of blindness in diabetic patients.
Early and accurate diagnosis can improve the analysis and prognosis of the disease.
One of the earliest symptoms of DR is hemorrhages in the retina. Therefore, we
propose a new method for accurate hemorrhage detection from retinal fundus images.
Here, the proposed method uses the modified contrast enhancement method to improve
the edge details from the input retinal fundus images. In the second stage, a
convolutional neural network (CNN) with improved LSTM based on hybrid Harris
Hawks with Mayfly (HHMO) is proposed to detect and classify the hemorrhages.
Finally, the proposed CNN with HHO-LSTM is compared with the existing techniques
including machine learning and deep learning techniques such as Naïve Bayes, SVM,
ANN, etc., and traditional CNN, LSTM, and other techniques, respectively. Therefore,
the comparison can prove that the proposed model is more effective in detecting and
classifying Hemorrhages in the retina due to diabetic retinopathy. The performance
metrics considered in this work are accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, f1-score,
precision, etc.
Genetic Profiling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: The Role of TP53 Mutations and IGHV Status in Treatment Decision-Making – A Case Report
Authors: Khurdepa Kateryna , Karnabeda Oksana
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The TP53 gene encodes the p53 protein, crucial for DNA damage response, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), TP53 loss due to 17p deletion or mutation leads to poor chemoimmunotherapy response and shorter survival.
Patients with unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) status exhibit a more aggressive disease course, poorer outcomes, and reduced response to standard chemoimmunotherapy. These genetic variations significantly affect disease progression, treatment choice, and response to therapy.
Case Report. In November 2023, a 61-year-old man presented to our clinic with complaints of generalized weakness and rapid fatigue since October 2023. CLL was diagnosed in 2018 through pathohistological and immunohistochemical analysis of the bone marrow. The patient received no therapy until 2023 due to the absence of active disease signs. From March 28, 2023, to July 25, 2023, the patient received chemoimmunotherapy with the bendamustine and rituximab (BR) regimen. Five courses of therapy were administered; however, further treatment was discontinued due to side effects that occurred during the fifth course of bendamustine administration. A subsequent diagnostic evaluation aimed at assessing treatment efficacy, prognosis, and genetic profiling included a cytomorphological analysis, which revealed that lymphocytes comprised 80% of the cellular composition. Immunocytological analysis confirmed the presence of monoclonal atypical lymphocytes, accounting for 70% of the cell population. Next-generation sequencing identified a pathogenic TP53 mutation, and fragment analysis confirmed an unmutated IGHV status. The presence of the TP53 mutation and unmutated IGHV status categorizes the patient as being in the very high-risk group, for which the use of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKIs) and/or B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitors is recommended.
Conclusions. This case highlights the significance of comprehensive genetic profiling in CLL patients using techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing. Such profiling detects molecular genetic alterations, facilitating personalized and effective treatment.
Forced vibrations of the shaft line based on the model of a two-stage rod with an elastic connection of sections
Authors: Tsarenko S. N. , Zaitsev S. A. , Korzh A. S.
Published: October 2024

The paper considers a method for solving the problem of dynamics of forced vibrations of a wall line based on a model of an equivalent elastic two-stage rod with a pliable connection of sections. The model is represented by a system of partial differential equations. The solution of the equations is obtained by the Fourier method for eigenfunctions orthogonal with weight. It is established that the presence of an elastic element at the junction of the sections does not affect the orthogonality of the eigenfunctions. The influence of the elastic coupling compliance coefficient on the natural frequency spectrum of the shaft line is estimated. The obtained forms of natural vibrations of an equivalent elastic two-stage rod are consistent in appearance with the corresponding forms known in the literature for a discrete model of a similar torsional circuit. A partial solution of the equations is found for the case of the action of the harmonic load on the engine and the averaged torque on the propeller. As an example, the dynamics of forced vibrations of the shaft line of a barge of the Sosnovka type is studied. The results of calculating the natural frequencies of the considered model are compared with the classical discrete mass method. The analysis of the obtained plots of the twisting angles and torques showed that the angles are satisfactorily approximated by the first proper oscillation shape, and for moments, high shapes must be taken into account. The comparison of the simulation results with the data of the torsiogram obtained under production testing conditions indicates the need for further development of the model. Further improvement of the torsional circuit, as well as a more detailed study of the nature of the operating loads, are considered as promising areas of research.