bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among reproductive age women in DHQ hospital Timergara
Authors: Tahir Lubna , Ali Saima , Amin Seema , Amin Sajeela
Published: January 2022

Background: Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is one the most common causes of vaginal discharges that occur in women of reproductive age. This cross sectional study was focused on the prevalence of BV in patients presenting to DHQ hospital, Lower Dir, KP.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis. Study was conducted at DHQ hospital Timergara, Dir Lower, KP Pakistan after taking approval from hospital.

Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at DHQ hospital Timergara, Dir Lower, KP after taking approval from hospital’s ethical committee. Patients from 18 to 45 years were included (only married patients). Written consent was taken from the patients. Patients having bacterial vaginosis were enrolled in the study.

Results: A total of 384 patients of reproductive age group with symptoms of bacterial vaginosis presented to DHQ Hospital Timergara from April 2020 till September 2020. The results showed that higher number of bacterial vaginosis was detected in age group of 21 to 30 years that is 61 (32.4%) while the lowest number was 31 (16.5%) which was detected in 18-20 years’ age group. Bacterial vaginosis was found to be statistically insignificant with age groups keeping P < 0.05).

Conclusion: It was concluded that Bacterial Vaginosis is common cause of vaginal discharge. Proper hygiene should be maintained. Medical professional such as gynecologists should help the patients understand the dangers of BV and how to avoid it through proper counselling.

Recommendation: The overall prevalence according to this study was 49%, the mean age of the patients was 30.76±8.75 while the highest prevalence was found in the age group of 21 to 30 years. Proper counselling by the gynecologists regarding hygiene is needed to control bacterial vaginosis.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PROFISSIONAL FARMACÊUTICO NA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Santos Eduardo Cavalcante , Martinati Beatriz Liane , Rocha Deborah , Malandrin Mariana
Published: January 2022

Este estudo de revisão é de grande importância para a sociedade porque leva a população a ter acesso maior aos conhecimentos sobre os meios de proteção contra a pandemia de Covid-19, além de esclarecer os efeitos deste vírus no organismo humano e como o farmacêutico atua desde antes da colonização do Brasil até o período atual. Embora muitas pesquisas estejam sendo feitas sobre a atual pandemia,ainda há muito que ser estudado para garantir a saúde da população.  Alguns sintomas deste vírus podem ser confundidos com outras doenças, mas a identificação deste é feita somente por meios laboratoriais. O farmacêutico pode contribuir com pesquisas e auxiliar no processo de disseminação de conhecimentos sobre o uso de medicamentos e sobre a doença. Este trabalho pode ser aprofundado, contribuindo com novas pesquisas e conhecimentos acerca deste tema.
ANALYSIS OF TIME-DELAYED NON-LINEAR EQUATIONS USING HF FUNCTIONS
Authors: Verma Shailesh , Ghosh Aniruddha , Ganguly Anindita , Chakraborty Nilotpal
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the analysis of non-linear time delayed differential equations solved using HF functions. The analysis is first performed on Mackey-Glass Equation, which is a standard model for quantitative characterization of chaotic dynamics. The procedure is then performed on a generalized Human respiratory control model, where for different simulation parameters the analysis of Cheyne-Stokes Breathing is done. Both models are simulated in MATLAB. The graphs thus generated are used to provide suitable conclusions.
Hallazgo de un Tumor Odontogénico Adenomatoide en una paciente adolescente
Authors: Mosca Christian Oscar , Roman Jeremias , Miguelez Sebastian , Monteagudo Ariel
Published: January 2022

El tumor odontogénico adenomatoide (TOA), fue descripto en 1905 por Steensland. En el año 2005, la OMS lo clasificó como una neoplasia benigna constituida por epitelio odontogénico con estroma fibroso sin ectomesénquima odontogénico. El diagnóstico diferencial del TOA debe hacerse con el quiste dentígero, ameloblastoma uniquístico y tumor odontogénico epitelial calcificante.

En el presente artículo se presenta el caso  de una paciente femenina de 14 años que concurre al servicio de odontología del “H.I.G.A. Presidente Perón de Avellaneda”, que al análisis intraoral, se detectó un abombamiento de la tabla ósea vestibular de la zona anterior de la hemi-mandibula derecha a nivel de caninos y premolares, indoloro, de consistencia sólida, bordes definidos, sin crepitación, no identificado por la paciente con ausencia de la pieza 44 y persistencia del 84.

Se decide intervenirla bajo anestesia general para la extirpación quirúrgica de la lesión, obteniendo en el estudio anatomopatología como resultado Tumor Odontogénico Adenomatoide o TOA.
Cytotoxicity and Hemostatic One Step Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Coated with Green Tea for Biomedical Application
Authors: Gabal Raghda Abou , Shokeir Dina , Orabi Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Heparin and its low molecular weight are anticoagulants that prevent the formation and extension of blood clots. However, these anticoagulant causes bleeding that takes longer to stop. Here, we explore using magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) as a safe and effective nontherapeutic agent for blood clotting prevention. In this work, Magnetic iron oxide coated with green tea (GT@Fe3O4NPs) was successfully synthesized using a simple eco-friendly green method. Green tea is employed as a green reducing and stabilizing agent. We employed this method as a new low-cost and time-consuming route. Structural, blood biocompatibility and anticoagulant properties of the (GT@Fe3O4NPs) were analyzed. These analyses showed that the particles were of uniform shapes and sizes of 25 - 36 nm with a coating of GTPs. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurement demonstrated a saturation magnetization of 4.90 emu/g with negligible coercivity and retentivity, indicating the superparamagnetic behavior of the GT@Fe3O4NPs at room temperature. The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were highly stable and well-dispersed in an aqueous medium through their hydrophilic coating of GTPs. Cell viability and prothrombin time (PT) showed excellent blood compatibility in addition to promising anticoagulant ability, respectively. The work offers a novel, safe nanotherapeutic agent as a substitutional for heparin. As a result, GT@Fe3O4NPs can compete with heparin either in hemodialysis or the treatment of thromboembolic events as it can overcome related bleeding problems to a great extent.
HIGHLIGHTS

Magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4 NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) could be a safe substitutional of heparin, overcoming side effects of heparin such as bleeding
Magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4 NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) can advance anticoagulant drugs by increasing control of the anticoagulant (e.g., decreasing the dose and reducing side effects while maintaining efficacy and increasing circulation)
The new magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4 NPs) coated with green tea (GTPs) anticoagulant drugs will profit patients undergoing high-risk surgical procedures and overcome anticoagulant-related bleeding problems to a great extent

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
GÖRSEL MEDYADA GELECEK ÖNGÖRÜSÜNÜN MEKÂNSAL TEMSİLİ: BLACK MIRROR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: FETTAHOĞLU Edanur , ERBAY Muteber
Published: January 2022

Gelecek, insanlar tarafından her zaman merak edilen ve sorgulanan bir konudur. Çünkü söz konusu gelecek olduğunda sadece olasılıklardan söz edilebilir. Geleceğin dünyayı nasıl değiştireceği, dönüştüreceği, ne tür yenilikler ya da farklılıklar getireceği üzerine çeşitli teoriler geliştirilmiş olsa da gelecek kurgusu birçok alanda irdelenmeye devam etmektedir. Görsel medya da bu alanlardan birisidir ve geleceğe dair toplumsal yapıdan mimariye birçok konu görsel medya aracılığıyla işlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada gelecek kurgusu içerisinde mekânların rolünü ve gelecek mekânlarına ilişkin öngörüleri tespit edebilmek amacıyla medya üzerinden mekânsal analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnceleme “Black Mirror” dizisinde mekân tasarımlarının ön plana çıktığı bölümler bağlamında yürütülmüştür. Örneklem bölümlerin belirlenmesinde; öngörülebilir ve günümüz ile benzerlik-farklılık açısından karşılaştırılabilir bir geleceği ele alıyor olması ve mekânların anlatı içerisinde bir temsiliyet ögesi olarak kurgulanması seçim kriterleri olmuştur.

Araştırma kapsamında dizinin beş bölümünde yer alan mekânların analizi sonucunda, mekânın karakterler ve kurgulanan toplum ile doğrudan ilişki içerisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bölümlerde yer alan mekânlar; renk, ışık, mobilya, malzeme ve teknoloji olmak üzere belirlenen parametreler doğrultusunda irdelenmiş; benzerlik ve farklılıklar tespit edilerek yakın gelecek öngörüsü ve mekâna yansımaları bağlamında çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.
Brèves de l’EULAR 2015 Maladies rhumatismales et grossesse
Authors: Khaldoun Naoual
Published: January 2022

Je vous ai sélectionné 3 présentations durant ce congrès de l’EULAR, traitant des liens entre les maladies rhumatismales et la grossesse. Il s’agit de deux présentations provenant des Etats-Unis et d’une présentation Allemande.
NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION IN PRE-SCHOOL GROUP: THE EXPERIENCE OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Beišienė Milana , Damulytė Rasa
Published: January 2022

Over the past decades, the pre-school and primary educations get more and more attention in Lithuania. It is emphasized to ensure the child’s active participation in education (learning) process and to seek qualitative education of the child. The daily changing world requires constantly stimulate children’s curiosity, help them to survive the joy of discovery and gain knowledge. The project activity – is one of the most effective methods of pre-school education.
During the project in the nursery – kindergarten, a lot of opportunities for children’s cognitive activity were provided by trips: children had the possibility to observe, explore, fix the results of observations and compare them with their friends and finally draw conclusions. The activities were consistently complemented with the variety of educational backgrounds, and different activities promoted children’s interest in nature, its phenomena, the surrounding environment, thus created the favorable conditions for a variety of ways to develop the social and nature protection needs, children’s self-expression and creativity, and most importantly – to be active participants in the activities. The project “Gamtos takeliu keliaukime kartu” (Go together through nature paths) was very interesting for children and received a good evaluation of their parents.
Keywords: project method, natural science education, pre-school education.
FIFTH GRADERS` EDUCATION OF INDEPENDENT SELF-INITIATIVE IN THE PROCESS OF NATURAL SCIENCE RESEARCH
Authors: Kriaučiūnaitė Virginija
Published: January 2022

When students graduate from the primary school, they face a new educational system based on a variety of subjects. Therefore, it is a necessity to teach them some skills of creativity, responsibility, especially initiative and independence in order to adapt to the contemporary school.
The fifth graders of Vilnius Gabija gymnasium are always invited and encouraged to participate in doing natural science researches on their own. Moreover, they are able to choose the topic of their work independently. Of course, the students are welcome with their questions and are often advised by a teacher as they work with scientific projects during classes. In addition, family members are really enthusiastic and eager to help their children. As a result, it leads to the improvement of atmosphere which surrounds students.
Furthermore, the fifth graders can choose themselves if they do a research project individually or in groups. Consequently, the final projects are presented in a lesson and classmates evaluate each other according to some criteria. First of all, students who listened are asked to name two things that were new and useful for them. Secondly, they provide two things that they really enjoyed about the presentation. Finally, students recommend each other what can be improved in the presented work.
It is necessary to note that it stimulates students to become self-initiative and independent because they gain some peers` support and recognition. This kind of presentations teaches to listen to each other, formulate questions, express opinions and think critically. Students also practise to speak in public and are motivated to be responsible for the their initiative. Thus, a student`s initiative to choose a particular aspect of a research work is a great background for the future personal improvement.
Keywords: independent self-initiative, fifth grade students adaptation, natural science research work.
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN NATURE LESSONS AT A PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Lukočienė Violeta
Published: January 2022

Getting involved in research activities in nature lessons, pupils investigate natural environment, are able to present detailed and logical information. While applying experiment, observation in teaching/learning process, all group members have the best opportunity to reveal themselves, their motivation to achieve better results increases, the sense of personal responsibility is being developed. Research activities in nature lessons help pupils to recognise and understand the closest social and natural environment, to find out how these environments influence people’s lifestyles. The pupils develop the wish to preserve and cherish living and inanimate nature, cultural values and natural heritage.
Keywords: research activities, experiments, nature lessons.
La mal nutrición infantil en El Oro: Una paridad asimétrica
Authors: Rivera Vásquez Jairo Israel , Olarte Benavides Stephany Carolina , Rivera Vásquez Nadya Ximena
Published: January 2022

La malnutrición infantil en Ecuador refleja un contexto complejo, donde los indicadores de desnutrición y sobrepeso son mayores al promedio de América Latina. El objetivo de este documento es examinar la evolución de la malnutrición infantil en El Oro, sus particularidades, progresos y desafíos. La metodología empleada es cuantitativa, utiliza datos de las Encuestas de Condiciones de vida 1999-2006-2014, y realiza estimaciones mediante el uso de análisis de regresión. Los principales resultados indican que aunque los niveles de desnutrición y sobrepeso son bastante similares en 17%, presentan distintos determinantes sociales y personales, los cuales cambian en el tiempo.
The clinical implications of serum ferritin in Kawasaki disease: a helpful biomarker for evaluating therapeutic responsiveness, coronary artery involvement and the tendency of macrophage activation syndrome
Authors: Qiu Zhen , Liu Hui Hui , Fan Guo Zhen , Chen Wei Xia , Hu Peng
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Serum ferritin (SF) is an acute-phase reactant in inflammatory diseases. Our aim was to analyze the clinical implications of SF in Kawasaki disease (KD).

Material and methods

244 KD children were divided into 6 subgroups. SF, inflammatory mediators and blood cell counts were detected.

Results

(1) SF dramatically increased in the acute phase of KD and maintained after IVIG therapy; (2) SF increased in IVIG-nonresponsive KD patients (AUC = 0.705; sensitivity: 57.10%; specificity: 82.90%); SF positively correlated with the internal diameter of the coronary artery (AUC = 0.603; sensitivity: 92.30%; specificity: 37.70%); (3) SF increased in 4 patients with the macrophage activation syndrome (MAS)/MAS tendency (979.03 ±474.19 µg/l).

Conclusions

SF is implied to be a helpful biomarker for forecasting IVIG-nonresponsive KD, coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) and MAS tendency.
ANÁLISE DA LISTA VERMELHA DE ESPÉCIES DE AVES DA CAATINGA, BRASIL
Authors: Fernandes Miranda Diego , Anjos Jean
Published: January 2022

A Caatinga tem sido apontada como uma importante área de endemismo para as aves sul-americanas, porém, a distribuição, a evolução e a ecologia da avifauna da região continuam pouco investigadas, refletindo, consequentemente, na política e ações de conservação. Este estudo objetivou listar as espécies de aves ameaçadas de extinção da Caatinga, bem como modelar a distribuição espacial dos táxons ameaçados de extinção. A lista de espécies de aves ocorrentes na Caatinga foi obtida com base na literatura específica e a busca pelas espécies ameaçadas foi realizada junto ao Livro Vermelho da fauna brasileira ameaçada de extinção do ICMBio. Os modelos cumulativos de riqueza de espécies (CSRM) foram feitos somando os resultados dos modelos binários previamente calculados. Avaliamos o estado de conservação de 548 espécies de aves ocorrentes na Caatinga e constatamos que 36 espécies se encontram ameaçadas de extinção. Conhecemos que parte das áreas de maior concentração de espécies ameaçadas encontra-se legalmente protegida. No entanto, ressaltamos que para melhorar a garantia de continuidade dessas espécies, é necessário a ampliação de áreas legalmente protegidas dentro do Bioma.
Integrating sentinel-2 spectral-imagery and field data of seagrass coverage with species identification in the coastal of Riau Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Nur Syarifudin , Nurdjaman Susanna , Dika Praba P Cahya Brian , Haidar Dzar Al-Ghifari Khalid
Published: January 2022

Seagrass plays an important role in marine ecosystem. Plans for sustainable management of marine ecosystem should give due attention to this marine critical habitat. One effort to monitoring the long-term management of seagrass is to use spatial data using remote sensing techniques. Satellite imagery offers an efficient and cost-effective means of estimating water conditions in shallow environments. This study aims to map the coverage of the seagrass meadows using satellite images spatially, determine the species composition of the seagrass meadows, and examine the accuracy level from the results obtained by the Sentinel-2 images. Investigations reported here were conducted in the Riau Islands (4 Stations at Lingga Island and 2 Stations at Singkep Island) in Indonesia from 3 - 7 October 2020. The satellite image data used Sentinel-2 at the acquisition year of 2019 based on the method of Depth Invariant Index (DII) with Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification. The in situ observations were made from 6 October 2020, same with the validation date, to verify the data obtained through satellite imagery. This was needed for calculating the accuracy of results based on seagrass images and identifying the species using the Seagrass-Watch (Transect Quadrant). The result showed that the seagrass in the Riau Islands can be detected with the DII method with seagrass coverage area of 175 km2 from the satellite in Lingga and Singkep Island. Percentage of Seagrass coverage for all transects was estimated to be about 78%. The seagrasses species identified were: Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Thalassia hemprichii, and the dominant species was Enhalus acoroides.
Growth of Gracilaria manilaensis Yamamoto et Trono (Rhodophyta) under different light intensities, salinities and pH
Authors: Mohammad Noor Normawaty , Mohamad Hidayat Nor Salamah , Mohamad Mohd Azrul Naim , Ad Abdullah Najatul Su , Rusly Siti Amira Sariyathul , Saad Shahbuddin , Mukai Yukinori , Deny Susanti
Published: January 2022

Previous studies have demonstrated that the seaweed, Gracilaria manilaensis, has a high potential of producing agar for the food industry, and is a promising candidate as a dietary supplement for treating cancer and neurological disorders. Unfortunately, not many farms culturing G. manilaensis existed particularly in Malaysia. One of the reasons is limited knowledge of suitable environmental conditions needed for efficient production of the seaweed. Therefore, this study was carried out to identify the best growth conditions for G. manilaensis under different light intensities, salinities and pH. To achieve this objective, Gracilaria sp. was collected from a farm and identified based on morphological characteristics before being subjected to three environmental variables simultaneously: light intensities (100 and 1000 lux), salinities (15, 20, 25 and 30 psu) and pH (7.6, 7.8 and 8.0) simultaneously. Specific growth rates were determined for all the treatments. The results showed that G. manilaensis preferred high light intensity (1000 lux), with the growth rate of 1.69 ± 0.08 g/days at the salinity of 15 psu and pH 7.6. No significant differences were found between salinity and growth rate, indicating that G. manilaensis can tolerate a wide range of salinity. The knowledge gained from this study can be used as a guide to increasing the production of G. manilaensis in indoor farming systems. This will ensure sustainable research for G. manilaensis and production.
An Intelligent and Data-driven Mobile Volunteer Event Management Platform using Machine Learning and Data Analytics
Authors: Wen Serena , Sun Yu
Published: January 2022

In Lewis and Clark High School’s Key Club, meetings are always held in a crowded classroom. The system of event sign-up is inefficient and hinders members from joining events. This has led to students becoming discouraged from joining Key Club and often resulted in a lack of volunteers for important events. The club needed a more efficient way of connecting volunteers with volunteering opportunities. To solve this problem, we developed a VolunteerMatch Mobile application using Dart and Flutter framework for Key Club to use. The next steps will be to add a volunteer event recommendation and matching feature, utilizing the results from the research on machine learning models and algorithms in this paper.
Glioblastoma Synthesis and Segmentation with 3D Multi-Modal MRI: A Study using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Wang Edmond
Published: January 2022

The Grade IV cancer Glioblastoma is an extremely common and aggressive brain tumour. It is of significant consequence that histopathologic examinations should be able to identify and capture the tumour’s genetic variability for assistance in treatment. The use of Deep Learning - in particular CNNs and GANs - have become prominent in dealing with various image segmentation and detection tasks. The use of GANs have another importance - to expand the available training set by generating realistic pseudomedical images. Multi-modal MRIs, moreover, are also crucial as they lead to more successful performances. Nonetheless, accurate segmentation and realistic image synthesis remain challenging tasks. In this study, the history and various breakthroughs/challenges of utilising deep learning in glioblastoma detection is outlined and evaluated. To see networks in action, an adjusted and calibrated Vox2Vox network - a 3D implementation of the Pix2Pix translator - is trained on the biggest public brain tumour dataset BraTS 2020. The experimental results demonstrate the versatility and improvability of GAN networks in both fields of augmentation and segmentation. Overall, deep learning in medical imaging remains an extremely intoxicating field full of meticulous and innovative new studies.
Classification of OCT Images for Detecting Diabetic Retinopathy Disease using Machine Learning
Authors: Aldahami Marwan , Alqasemi Umar
Published: January 2022

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging aids in retinal abnormality detection by showing the tomographic retinal layers. OCT images are a useful tool for detecting Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) disease because of their capability to capture micrometer-resolution. An automated technique was introduced to differentiate DR images from normal ones. 214 images were subjected to the experiment, of which 160 images were used for classifiers’ training, and 54 images were used for testing. Different features were extracted to feed our classifiers, including statistical features and local binary pattern (LBP) features. The experimental results demonstrated that our classifiers were able to discriminate DR retina from the normal retina with Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve (AUC) of 100%. The retinal OCT images have common texture patterns and using a powerful tool for pattern analysis like LBP features has a significant impact on the achieved results. The result has better performance than previously proposed methods in the literature.
Authors: Camila Alifia Shafa , Fadila Raisa Zahra , Salsabiila Rifdah Daffa , Rakhmawati Nur Aini
Published: January 2022

This research is motivated by the emergence of COVID-19 that occurred in Indonesia, where all students in Indonesia are required to do online learning at home. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of student’s anxiety and fatigue during online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many campuses are implementing online learning using the Zoom Meeting application. Rapid changes in learning methods cause many problems in physical and psychological health. The method used is the technique of collecting primary data and secondary data and processed using Likert method. The subjects in this study were students throughout Indonesia with a sample of 87 students. Questionnaire using google forms. The result show that Zoom Fatigue related with students' lives, both physically, mentally, and socially.
 
Keywords: Covid-19, fatigue, online learning.
CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY IN THE IMERETI LOWLAND OF SOCHI THROUGH THE CREATION OF AN ORNITHOLOGICAL NATURAL PARK
Authors: Фролова Т.И. , Протазанова П.С. , Антуфьева В.Ф. , Антончук А.В.
Published: January 2022

В результате массового строительства в городе Сочи возникли проблема вымирания и миграции местных животных, а также массовая вырубка редких растений, занесенных в Красную книгу.Тем самым действия человека внесли существенные изменения в местную экосистему. В связи с этим в статье рассмотрены методы сохранения биоразнообразия и поддержания экологического баланса за счет создания природных парков на примере орнитологического в Имеретинской низменности, который включает 14 кластеров. В статье рассмотрена структура парка, месторасположение и уникальность данной территории. Особое внимание уделено планировке кластеров, особенностям благоустройства территории (в том числе размещению дорожно-тропиночной сети, наличию малых архитектурных форм), расположению кластеров по отношению к окружающей планировке и друг другу, наличию водоема, а также методам рекреационного использования территории природного парка. На основании полученных данных было выявлено, что правильно сформированный пейзажный стиль, а также отдельные приемы регулярного стиля могут служить основными приемами для сохранения растительного мира и иных организмов в процессе формирования привычной среды обитания основных видов, характерных для территории г. Сочи, в том числе и для тех видов, которые используют данные парки в качестве территории зимовки.

As a result of mass construction in the city of Sochi, there was a problem of extinction and migration of local animals, as well as a massive felling of rare plants listed in the Red Book. Thus, human actions have made signi cant changes in the local ecosystem. In this regard, the article discusses methods for preserving biodiversity, and maintaining the ecological balance by creating natural parks on the example of the Ornithological Center in the Imeretinskaya Lowland, which includes 14 clusters. The article examines the structure of the park, location and uniqueness of this territory. Particular attention is paid to the layout of clusters, the features of landscaping (including the location of the road and path network, the presence of small architectural forms), the location of clusters in relation to the surrounding layout and to each other, the presence of a reservoir, as well as methods of recreational use of the territory of the natural park.
Editorial
Authors: Martins Leandra Felicia
Published: January 2022

Editorial
Projeto de pesquisa: uma possibilidade de elaboração
Authors: Azevedo Ana Leticia Padeski Ferreira de
Published: January 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar uma possibilidade de estruturação do projeto de pesquisa científica. A primeira incursão na elaboração de um texto científico pode ser um caminhar permeado de dúvidas e dificuldades, sendo que uma estruturação inicial pode auxiliar o novo pesquisador a organizar suas ideias, suas leituras e elaborar um texto que atende aos requisitos de um projeto. Nesse sentido apresentamos brevemente a definição de pesquisa científica, como realizar e organizar as leituras pertinentes ao projeto, uma possibilidade de estruturação do projeto e uma ferramenta para iniciar a estruturação desse documento: o Canvas. Temos ciência de que tais passos podem ser modificados de acordo com a necessidade do pesquisador, não sendo eles estáticos, mas sim uma dentre tantas possibilidades de organização e exposição de ideias na pesquisa científica. Também buscamos alertar para os principais erros cometidos pelo pesquisador iniciante, bem como apresentar estratégias para evitá-los. Nesse sentido acreditamos que uma sistematização dos diversos processos que compõem a escrita científica pode auxiliar a sanar tais questionamentos.
Developing a cloud based Internet of Things (IoT) greenhouse monitoring system
Authors:   , Mpangele Patiswa Chwayita
Published: January 2022

The introduction of the greenhouse reduces the negative impact of difficult to control outdoor factors on crop production. The greenhouses offer a better environment in which to grow high quality agricultural products in large quantities, but in a small surface area. Factors including temperature, humidity and soil moisture each have a different impact on the quality of the crop. These factors contribute to how crops develop either directly or indirectly. Poor environmental conditions can damage crops or increase the likelihood of crop diseases. Hence, this study set out to develop a greenhouse monitoring system to assist farmers to monitor soil moisture, humidity and temperature. Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud-computing are the major components underlying the monitoring system. The reviewed literature reveals that there are minimal studies that have been conducted for the convergence of cloud computing and IoT in agriculture, particularly in greenhouse farming. Despite the researcher’s best efforts, literature revealed very few studies that have successfully implemented these emerging technologies in innovative ways in the sector of agriculture. Studies are even sparser in relation to greenhouse applications. This study aimed to develop a cloud-based Internet of Things (IoT) greenhouse monitoring system that is cost effective and easily accessible and provides unlimited data storage to farmers for analysis. This aim is achieved by three key objectives, that is: by critically reviewing existing literature of IT based greenhouse monitoring systems supporting crop production; by developing a wireless cloud-based IoT greenhouse monitoring system; and by evaluating the performance of the developed system. The design science research methodology (DSRM) is applied as an overall methodology to conduct this study. DSRM is a popular methodology when research aims to develop innovative artefacts. This instance of DSRM followed five steps: awareness; suggestion; development; evaluation; and conclusion to design and implement and evaluate the artefact. DSRM allowed for a robust development process which promoted higher quality in monitoring the three main factors of the greenhouse environment, which are temperature, humidity and soil moisture. The results of the evaluation of the developed system indicates an efficient, cost- effective and easy to access monitoring system for three key environmental factors, namely, temperature, humidity, and soil moisture.
تجهيزات الخلايا الشمسية السيليكونية المصنعة بتقنية الافلام الرفيعة
Authors: Sbita Mohamed
Published: January 2022

تجهيزات الخلايا الشمسية السيليكونية المصنعة بتقنية الافلام الرفيعة
Plano de avaliação dos “Dez Passos” para o sucesso do aleitamento materno em um hospital
Authors: Carvalho Weslley , Gentil Almeida Andreev Walkíria , Franco de Abreu Dolores Maria
Published: January 2022

Introdução: o aleitamento materno está condicionado a fatores socioeconômicos e culturais, sendo necessários incentivos para que as mães possam aderir a essa prática. A implementação dos “Dez Passos” para o sucesso do aleitamento materno tem contribuído de forma significativa para o aumento das taxas de amamentação. Objetivos: descrever os principais pontos do plano de avaliação do grau de implementação dos “Dez Passos” para o sucesso do aleitamento materno em um Hospital Materno Infantil do Distrito Federal. Método: elaboração de um plano de avaliação baseado em análise documental acerca dos Dez passos para o sucesso do aleitamento materno e adaptações realizadas no modelo de avaliação implementado no HMIB e proposto pelo Ministério da Saúde. Conclusão: o modelo avaliativo apresentado foi pensado para qualificar o grau de implantação de cada um dos Dez passos descritos e possibilitar ampliar a discussão, a partir das dimensões consideradas, dos pontos negativos e positivos desta iniciativa.
Plano de avaliação do processamento das informações da rede pública de saúde do Distrito Federal
Authors: Da Silva Machado Analy , Clarkson Mattos Tatiana , Maria Franco de Abreu Dolores
Published: January 2022

Introdução: parte das informações assistenciais prestadas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde é perdida ao longo do seu processamento, a Gerência de Processamento de Informações realiza ações junto aos estabelecimentos com objetivo de minimizar estas perdas e ajustar a coleta de informações de forma que seja possível dimensionar os serviços e avaliar a infraestrutura assistencial disponível no Estado. Objetivo: avaliar as ações de processamento de informações e se as perdas estão sendo minimizadas; avaliar a qualidade dos dados gerados. Método: estudo de caso com metodologia mista para a construção de um plano de avaliação.  Foi realizada a análise documental das normativas e documentos relacionados ao processamento das informações e tabulados dados dos sistemas de informações ambulatoriais e hospitalares. Conclusão: As informações produzidas nortearão ajustes nos processos de trabalho e identificará necessidades de treinamentos e capacitação profissional.
How the Slave Trade and the Shoah Gave Rise to a Musical Marvel. An Interview with Jacques Schwarz-Bart
Authors: Miles William F.S.
Published: January 2022

Four centuries of the trans-Atlantic slave trade bequeathed enduring legacies of pain and suffering from Africa to the Antilles, not to mention the Americas. Four years of the Holocaust (Shoah, in Hebrew) compressed millennia of persecutions of the Jewish people, with repercussions from Europe to the Middle East. The shockwaves of those two heinous epochs have fused in a most unexpected and artistically creative way, giving rise to the incomparable jazz composer and saxophonist Jacques Schwarz-Bart. In this interview with William Miles, the son of the 1959 Prix Goncourt laureate André Schwarz-Bart and the award-winning Guadeloupean novelist and playwright Simone Schwarz-Bart reflects on his life, inspirations and career.
PENERAPAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PRODUK KREATIF DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI.TKJ 1. SMK NEGERI 1 PEMALANG
Authors: KARNOTO KARNOTO
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted with the aim of increasing the motivation to learn Creative Products and Entrepreneurship through the implementation of a project-based learning model, namely project based learning (PjBL) in class XI. TKJ.1 students. The PBL model is a contextual learning model using projects as a medium so that it is expected to change the way students learn independently by increasing students' learning motivation. This research is an action research (classroom action research) which consists of two cycles. This learning model is carried out in steps; a) designing basic questions, b) preparing project plans, c) carrying out project activities, d) monitoring project progress, e) making an assessment of the project, f) evaluating. The conclusion in this study shows that the PjBL learning model has been proven to increase students' motivation to learn Creative Products and Entrepreneurship by 8%, namely 77% in cycle 1 and an increase of 85% in cycle 2. Therefore, project based learning is recommended to be applied in learning. Creative And Entrepreneurial Products.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar Produk Kreatif Dan Kewirausahaan melalui implementasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yaitu project based learning (PjBL) pada peserta didik kelas XI TKJ. 1. Model PBL adalah model pembelajaran yang bersifat kontekstual dengan menggunakan proyek sebagai media sehingga diharapkan dapat merubah cara belajar peserta didik secara mandiri dengan meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan action research (penelitian tindakan kelas) yang terditi dari dua siklus. Model pembelajaran ini dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah; a) merancang pertanyaan yang mendasar, b) menyusun perencanaan proyek, c) menjalankan kegiatan proyek, d) memantau perkembangan proyek, e) membuat penilaian terhadap proyek, f) mengevaluasi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran PBL telah terbukti dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan peserta didik sebesar 8% yaitu 77% ada siklus 1 dan meningkat 85% pada siklus 2. Oleh karena itu, project based learning disarankan untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran Produk Kreatif Dan Kewirausahaan.
Australian wildfire smoke in the stratosphere: the decay phase in 2020/21 and impact on ozone depletion
Authors: Ohneiser Kevin , Ansmann Albert , Kaifler Bernd , Chudnovsky Alexandra , Barja Boris , Knopf Daniel A. , Kaifler Natalie , Baars Holger , Seifert Patric , Villanueva Diego , Jimenez Cristofer , Radenz Martin , Engelmann Ronny , Veselovskii Igor , Zamorano Felix
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Record-breaking wildfires raged in southeastern Australia in late December 2019 and early January 2020. Rather strong pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) convection developed over the fire areas and lifted enormous amounts of biomass-burning smoke into the tropopause region and caused the strongest wildfire-related stratospheric aerosol perturbation ever observed around the globe. We discuss the geometrical, optical, and microphyscial properties of the stratospheric smoke layers and the decay of this major stratospheric perturbation. A multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar at Punta Arenas (53.2° S, 70.9° W), southern Chile, and an elastic-backscatter Raman lidar at Río Grande (53.8° S, 67.7° W) in southern Argentina were operated to monitor the major record-breaking event until the end of 2021. These lidar measurements can be regarded as representative for mid to high latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. A unique dynamical feature, an anticyclonic, smoke-filled vortex with 1000 km horizontal width and 5 km vertical extent, which ascended by about 500 m per day, was observed over the full last week of January 2020. The key results of the long-term study are as follows: The smoke layers extended, on average, from 9 to 24 km in height. The smoke partly ascended to more than 30 km height as a result of self-lifting processes. Clear signs of a smoke impact on the record-breaking ozone hole over Antarctica in September–November 2020 were found. A slow decay of the stratospheric perturbation detected by means of the 532 nm aerosol optical thickness (AOT) yielded an e-folding decay time of 19–20 months. The maximum smoke AOT was around 1.0 over Punta Arenas in January 2020 and thus two to three orders of magnitude above the stratospheric aerosol background of 0.005. After two months with strongly varying smoke conditions, the 532 nm AOT decreased to 0.03–0.06 from March–December 2020 and to 0.015–0.03 throughout 2021. The particle extinction coefficients were in the range of 10–75 Mm−1 in January 2020, and later on mostly between 1 and 5 Mm−1. Combined lidar-photometer retrievals revealed typical smoke extinction-to-backscatter ratios of 69 ±19 sr (at 355 nm), 91 ± 17 sr (at 532 nm), and 120 ± 22 sr (at 1064 nm). An ozone reduction of 20–25 % in the 15–22 km height range was observed over Antarctic and New Zealand ozonesonde stations in the smoke-polluted air with particle surface area concentrations of 1–5 μm2 cm−3.
Updraft dynamics and microphysics: on the added value of the cumulus thermal reference frame in simulations of aerosol–deep convection interactions
Authors: Hernandez-Deckers Daniel , Matsui Toshihisa , Fridlind Ann M.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. One fundamental question about atmospheric moist convection processes that
remains debated is whether, or under which conditions, a relevant variability in background aerosol concentrations may have a significant dynamical impact on convective clouds and their associated precipitation. Furthermore, current climate models must parameterize both the microphysical and the cumulus convection processes, but this is usually implemented separately, whereas in nature there is a strong coupling between them. As a first step to improve our understanding of these two problems, we investigate how aerosol concentrations modify key properties of updrafts in eight large-eddy-permitting regional simulations of a case study of scattered convection over Houston, Texas, in which convection is explicitly simulated and microphysical processes are parameterized. Dynamical and liquid-phase microphysical responses are investigated using the following two different reference frames: static cloudy updraft grid cells versus tracked cumulus thermals. In both frameworks, we observe the expected microphysical responses to higher aerosol concentrations, such as higher cloud number concentrations and lower rain number concentrations. In terms of the dynamical responses, both frameworks indicate weak impacts of varying aerosol concentrations relative to the noise between simulations over the observationally derived range of aerosol variability for this case
study. On the other hand, results suggest that thermals are more selective
than cloudy updraft grid cells in terms of sampling the most active convective air masses. For instance, vertical velocity from thermals is significantly higher at upper levels than when sampled from cloudy updraft grid points, and several microphysical variables have higher average values in the cumulus thermal framework than in the cloudy updraft framework. In addition, the thermal analysis is seen to add rich quantitative information about the rates and covariability of microphysical processes spatially and throughout tracked thermal lifecycles, which can serve as a stronger foundation for improving subgrid-scale parameterizations.
Effects of ozone–vegetation interactions on meteorology and air quality in China using a two-way coupled land–atmosphere model
Authors: Zhu Jiachen , Tai Amos P. K. , Hung Lam Yim Steve
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone (O3) is one of the most important
air pollutants in China and is projected to continue to increase in the near
future. O3 and vegetation closely interact with each other and such
interactions may not only affect plant physiology (e.g., stomatal
conductance and photosynthesis) but also influence the overlying meteorology
and air quality through modifying leaf stomatal behaviors. Previous studies
have highlighted China as a hotspot in terms of O3 pollution and
O3 damage to vegetation. Yet, few studies have investigated the effects
of O3–vegetation interactions on meteorology and air quality in China,
especially in the light of recent severe O3 pollution. In this study, a
two-way coupled land–atmosphere model was applied to simulate O3 damage
to vegetation and the subsequent effects on meteorology and air quality in
China. Our results reveal that O3 causes up to 16 % enhancement in
stomatal resistance, whereby large increases are found in the Henan, Hebei, and
Shandong provinces. O3 damage causes more than 0.6 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 reductions in photosynthesis rate and at least 0.4 and 0.8 g C m−2 d−1 decreases in leaf area index (LAI) and gross primary production (GPP), respectively, and hotspot areas appear in the
northeastern and southern China. The associated reduction in transpiration
causes a 5–30 W m−2 decrease (increase) in latent heat (sensible heat) flux, which induces a 3 % reduction in surface relative humidity, 0.2–0.8 K increase in surface air temperature, and 40–120 m increase in
boundary-layer height in China. We also found that the meteorological
changes further induce a 2–6 ppb increase in O3 concentration in
northern and south-central China mainly due to enhanced isoprene emission
following increased air temperature, demonstrating that O3–vegetation
interactions can lead to strong positive feedback that can amplify O3
pollution in China. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the
effects of O3 damage and O3–vegetation interactions in air quality
simulations, with ramifications for both air quality and forest management.
Evaluation and optimisation of the I/O scalability for the next generation of Earth system models: IFS CY43R3 and XIOS 2.0 integration as a case study
Authors: Yepes-Arbós Xavier , van den Oord Gijs , Acosta Mario C. , Carver Glenn D.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Earth system models have considerably increased their spatial resolution to solve more complex problems and achieve more realistic solutions. However, this generates an enormous amount of model data which requires proper management. Some Earth system models use inefficient sequential input/output (I/O) schemes that do not scale well when many parallel resources are used. In order to address this issue, the most commonly adopted approach is to use scalable parallel I/O solutions that offer both computational performance and efficiency. In this paper we analyse the I/O process of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) CY43R3. IFS can use two different output schemes: a parallel I/O server developed by Météo-France used operationally and an obsolete sequential I/O scheme. The latter is the only scheme that is being exposed by the OpenIFS variant of IFS. “Downstream” Earth system models that have adopted older versions of an IFS derivative as a component – such as the EC-Earth 3 climate model – also face a bottleneck due to the limited I/O capabilities and performance of the sequential output scheme. Moreover, it is often desirable to produce grid-point-space Network Common Data Format (NetCDF) files instead of the IFS native spectral and grid-point output fields in General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form (GRIB), which requires the development of model-specific post-processing tools. We present the integration of the XML Input/Output Server (XIOS) 2.0 into IFS CY43R3. XIOS is an asynchronous Message Passing Interface (MPI) I/O server that offers features especially targeted at climate models: NetCDF output files, inline diagnostics, regridding, and, when properly configured, the capability to produce CMOR-compliant data. We therefore expect our work to reduce the computational cost of data-intensive (high-resolution) climate runs, thereby shortening the critical path of EC-Earth 4 experiments. The performance evaluation suggests that the use of XIOS 2.0 in IFS CY43R3 to output data achieves an adequate performance as well, outperforming the sequential I/O scheme. Furthermore, when we also take into account the post-processing task, which is needed to convert GRIB files to NetCDF files and also transform IFS spectral output fields to grid-point space, our integration not only surpasses the sequential output scheme but also the operational IFS I/O server.