bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation Principle and Characteristics of Self-Supercharging Pulsed Water Jet
Authors: Ge Zhaolong , Ling Yuanfei , Tang Jiren , Lu Yiyu , Zhang Yangkai , Wang Lei , Yao Qi
Published: May 2022

High-pressure pulsed water jet technology has considerable development potential in the field of rock fragmentation. To overcome the shortcomings of existing pulsed jets, a self-supercharging pulsed water jet (SSPWJ) generation method is proposed, which is based on the theory of the pulsed water jet and the principle of hydraulic boosting. The proposed method changes the flow direction of the fluid medium through the valve core to make the piston reciprocate in the cylinder and relies on the effective area difference between the front and rear chambers in the stroke stage of the piston to realize the organic combination of “pulse” and “supercharging” of the jet, thus forming an SSPWJ. On the basis of the formation principle of the SSPWJ, a SSPWJ testing platform was constructed, and tests were performed on the jet pressure acquisition, morphology capture, and granite erosion. Both the jet pressure and the jet morphology exhibited periodic changes, and a higher pulse pressure was obtained at lower inlet pressure. The error of the pressure ratio calculated according to the experimental results was <3% relative to the theoretical design value, confirming the feasibility of the method. The pulse pressure and pulse frequency are controllable; that is, as the inlet flow rate increases in the stroke stage of the piston, the pulse pressure and pulse frequency increase, and the pulse duration decreases. As the inlet flow rate increases in the backward-stroke stage of the piston, the pulse frequency increases, and the pulse pressure and pulse duration remain unchanged. Under the combined action of the water-hammer pressure, high-speed lateral flow, and high-frequency dynamic load of the SSPWJ, local flaky exfoliation was observed when the granite surface was eroded. The results of this study lay the foundation for enriching the theory of pulsed jet generation and expanding its application range.
Influence of Charging Oil Condition on Torque Converter Cavitation Characteristics
Authors: Liu Cheng , Guo Meng , Yan Qingdong , Wei Wei
Published: May 2022

Cavitation inside a torque converter induces noise, vibration and even failure, and these effects have been disregarded in previous torque converter design processes. However, modern torque converter applications require attention to this issue because of its high-speed and high-capacity requirements. Therefore, this study investigated the cavitation effect on a torque converter using both numerical and experimental methods with an emphasis on the influence of the charging oil feed location and charge pressure. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were established to simulate the transient cavitation behaviour in the torque converter using different charging oil pressures and inlet arrangements and testing against a base case to validate the results. The CFD results suggested that cavitating bubbles mainly takes place in the stator of the torque converter. The transient cavitation CFD model yielded good agreement with the experimental data, with an error of 7.6% in the capacity constant and 7.4% in the torque ratio. Both the experimental and numerical studies showed that cavitation induced severe capacity degradation, and that the charge pressure and charging oil configuration significantly affects both the overall hydrodynamic performance and the fluid behaviour inside the torque converter because of cavitation. Increasing the charge pressure and charging the oil from the turbine-stator clearance were found to suppress cavitation development and reduce performance degradation, especially in terms of the capacity constant. This study revealed the fluid field mechanism behind the influence of charging oil conditions on torque converter cavitation behaviour, providing practical guidelines for suppressing cavitation in torque converter.
Prevalence of preoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) following elderly intertrochanteric fractures and development of a risk prediction model
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Jiang Zhen , Li Yufu , Gao Kai , Gao Yang , He Xiaoli , Zhou Hongyan , Zheng Wei
Published: May 2022

Background

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly and identify the associated factors, based on which a risk prediction model was developed.

Method

This was a retrospective single-center study of elderly patients presenting with intertrochanteric fractures between our institution between January 2017 and December 2020. Patients' duplex ultrasound (DUS) or venography results were retrieved to evaluate whether they had a preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of bilateral extremities, whereby patients were dichotomized. Various variables of interest on demographics, comorbidities, injury and biomarkers were extracted and their relationship between DVT were investigated. Statistically significant variables tested in multivariate logistics regression analyses were used to develop a risk prediction model.

Results

There were 855 patients eligible to be included in this study, and 105 were found to have preoperative DVT, with a prevalence rate of 12.3%. Ten factors were tested as significantly different and 2 marginally significant between DVT and non-DVT groups in the univariate analyses, but only 6 demonstrated the independent effect on DVT occurrence, including history of a VTE event (OR, 4.43; 95%CI, 2.04 to 9.62), time from injury to DVT screening (OR, 1.19; 95%CI, 1.13 to 1.25), BMI (OR, 1.11; 95%CI, 1.04–1.18), peripheral vascular disease (OR, 2.66; 95%CI, 1.10 to 6.40), reduced albumin (2.35; 95%CI, 1.48 to 3.71) and D-Dimer > 1.0 mg/L(OR, 1.90; 95%CI, 1.13 to 3.20). The DVT risk model showed an AUC of 0.780 (95%CI, 0.731 to 0.829), with a sensitivity of 0.667 and a specificity of 0.777.

Conclusion

Despite without a so high prevalence rate of DVT in a general population with intertrochanteric fracture, particular attention should be paid to those involved in the associated risk factors above. The risk prediction model exhibited the improved specificity, but its validity required further studies to verify.
Formulation of Neem oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and evaluation of its anti-Toxoplasma activity
Authors: Nemati Sara , Mohammad Rahimi Hanieh , Hesari Zahra , Sharifdini Meysam , Jalilzadeh Aghdam Nooshin , Mirjalali Hamed , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2022

Background

Toxoplasmosis is caused by an intracellular zoonotic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii, which could be lethal in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to synthesize Neem oil-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NeO-SLNs) and to evaluate the anti-Toxoplasma activity of this component.

Methods

The NeO-SLNs were constructed using double emulsification method, and their shape and size distribution were evaluated using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), respectively. An MTT assay was employed to evaluate the cell toxicity of the component. The anti-Toxoplasma activity of NeO-SLNs was investigated using vital (trypan-blue) staining. Anti-intracellular Toxoplasma activity of NeO-SLNs was evaluated in T. gondii-infected Vero cells.

Results

The TEM analysis represented round shape NeO-SLNs with clear and stable margins. DLS analysis showed a mean particle size 337.6 nm for SLNs, and most of nanoparticles were in range 30 to 120 nm. The cell toxicity of NeO-SLNs was directly correlated with the concentration of the component (P-value = 0.0013). The concentration of NeO-SLNs, which was toxic for at least 50% of alive T. gondii (cytotoxic concentration (CC50)), was > 10 mg/mL. The ability of NeO-SLNs to kill Toxoplasma was concentration-dependent (P-value < 0.0001), and all concentrations killed at least 70% of alive tachyzoites. Furthermore, the viability of T. gondii- infected Vero cells was inversely correlated with NeO-SLNs concentrations (P-value = 0.0317), and in the concentration 100 μg/mL at least 75% of T. gondii- infected Vero cells remained alive.

Conclusions

Overall, our findings demonstrated that the NeO-SLNs was able to kill T. gondii tachyzoites in concentration 100 μg/mL with a cell toxicity lower than 20%. Such results suggest that employing SLNs as carrier for NeO can effectively kill T. gondii tachyzoites with acceptable cell toxicity. Our findings also showed that SLNs capsulation of the NeO can lead to prolonged release of the extract, suggesting that NeO-SLNs could be also employed to clear cyst stages, which should be further investigated in animal models.
Chlamydia-related knowledge, opinion to opportunistic testing, and practices of providers among different sexually transmitted infections related departments in hospitals in Shenzhen city, China
Authors: Weng Rongxing , Zhang Chunlai , Wen Lizhang , Luo Yiting , Ye Jianbin , Wang Honglin , Li Jing , Ning Ning , Huang Junxin , Chen Xiangsheng , Cai Yumao
Published: May 2022

Background

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection could lead to seriously adverse outcomes if left untreated. This study aimed to determine CT-related knowledge, opinion to testing, and practices of providers among different sexually transmitted infections (STI) related departments in hospitals in Shenzhen city, China, and also to explore the differences in these responses.

Materials and methods

From 1st April 2018 to 15th April 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenzhen and 64 of 66 hospitals agreed to participate in this study. In the hospital sites, all the providers from the department of obstetrics and gynecology, department of dermatology and venereology, department of urology, and anorectal surgical department were recruited. A structured paper-based questionnaire was used to obtain data on CT-related information.

Results

A total of 355 providers from 64 hospitals participated in the current study. Compared to providers from the department of dermatology and venereology, those from the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.16—0.62), department of urology (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.16—0.65), and anorectal surgical department (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.09—0.71) were less likely to identify that “Be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and has negative STI test results.” is an appropriate way for a sexually active person to reduce risk of getting CT. Also, those from the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.23—0.87) were less likely to identify that “Use latex condoms the right way every time you have sex” is another appropriate way. A high proportion of providers agreed that all sexually active patients attending to their department should be screened regularly (77.1%), and they are willing to offer opportunistic CT screening (96.0%). Only 11.4% of respondents correctly identified that the appropriate time frame of the CT retesting is three months.

Conclusions

Providers among STI-related departments in hospitals showed a very high willingness to offer opportunistic CT screening. However, this study showed important gaps in providers’ knowledge and practices in China, targeted training in CT-related knowledge and practice is urgently needed.
Oroxylin A shows limited antiviral activity towards dengue virus
Authors: Ratanakomol Thippayawan , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Wikan Nitwara , Smith Duncan R.
Published: May 2022

Objective

The mosquito transmitted dengue virus (DENV) the causative agent of dengue fever (DF) remains a significant public health burden in many countries. Thailand, along with many countries in Asia and elsewhere, has a long history of using traditional medicines to combat febrile diseases such as DF. Screening bioactive compounds from traditional medicines reported to have antipyretic or anti-inflammatory activity may lead to the development of potent antivirals. In this study oroxylin A (OA), a flavonoid derivative found in Oroxylum indicum (commonly called the Indian trumpet flower or tree of Damocles), was screened for antiviral activity towards DENV.

Results

Cytotoxicity analysis in BHK-21 cells showed a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 534.17 µM. The compound showed no direct virucidal activity towards DENV, and pre-treatment of cells had no effect on virus production. A deficit was seen in virus production when cells were post-infection treated with oroxylin A. Under conditions of post-infection treatment, the EC50 value was 201.1 µM, giving a selectivity index (SI) value of 2.66. Accumulation of DENV E protein inside the cell was seen under conditions of post-infection treatment, suggesting that oroxylin A may exert some effects at the virus assembly/egress stages of the replication cycle.
Objectively-measured step cadence and walking patterns in a rural African setting: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Cook Ian
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To investigate free-living, accelerometry-derived step cadence and walking strategy parameters in 263 adult women (19–56 years) within a rural African setting. Participants were categorised into weight groups: Under-to-Normal Weight (UW/NW: < 25 kg/m2), Overweight-to-Obese (OW/OB: ≥ 25 kg/m2). From the minute-by-minute uni-axial accelerometry data, outcomes describing physical activity intensity, step volume, step cadence and step bouts were extracted. In addition, walking pattern parameters for step bout length and step cadence were determined.

Results

Average step volume was 13,568 steps/day, and > 85% of participants were classified as active-to-highly-active. Overall, ≈ 45% of daily steps was accumulated in the low-to-moderate intensity range. Peak cadence indices were higher in the UW/NW group (p ≤ 0.0112). For both groups, 75% of steps were accumulated in bouts > 15 min, and 95% of bouts were accumulated at 1–39 steps/min. The UW/NW group employed a more varied step cadence, and higher cadences contributed more to step accumulation than the OW/OB group (p ≤ 0.05). There were no significant group differences in bout length strategy parameters (p ≥ 0.0861). Despite no difference between the weight groups in step volume, there were differences in some step cadence indices which reflect higher step intensities, and in cadence strategies chosen to accumulate steps.
Digital workflow for fabrication of bespoke facemask in burn rehabilitation with smartphone 3D scanner and desktop 3D printing: clinical case study
Authors: Alhazmi Bushra , Alshomer Feras , Alazzam Abdualziz , Shehabeldin Amany , Almeshal Obaid , Kalaskar Deepak M.
Published: May 2022

We present a digital workflow for the production of custom facial orthosis used for burn scar management using smartphone three-dimensional (3D) scanner and desktop 3D printing. 3D facial scan of a 48-year-old lady with facial burn scars was obtained. 3D modeling with open-source programs were used to create facemask then 3D printed using rigid polylactic acid (PLA) filament and semi-rigid thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Conventional facemask was used as a control. Each mask was worn for 7 days. Primary outcomes were level of comfort, and adherence to treatment. The conventional facemask was the most convenient followed by the TPU-facemask (mean comfort score of 9/10 and 8.7/10, respectively). Patient’s compliance was high for both TPU and conventional masks, each was worn for at least 21 hours/day for 7 days. On the contrary, PLA-facemask was not well tolerated. The proposed digital workflow is simple, patient-friendly and can be adopted for resource-intensive healthcare.
Gender differences in prevalence and risk factors of sleep disturbances in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Xiao Yingfeng , Zhou Junying , Xiong Weixi , Lu Lu , Zhou Dong
Published: May 2022

Background

Sleep disturbances are frequently observed in patients with epilepsy (PWE), with adversely effects on life quality and seizure control. The study aimed to assess the gender differences in incidence and factors of sleep disturbances in PWE.

Methods

PWE confirmed the diagnosis of epilepsy were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study, with detailed information recorded. A group of healthy participants were recruited as the control. Sleep and mood disorders were evaluated with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).

Results

One hundred and thirty-three patients (age: 30.2 ± 10.6 years, men: 51%) and 150 healthy subjects were recruited in this study. Compared with healthy controls, PWE had higher mean scores of the ISI and BDI (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01). There were no significant gender differences in the prevalence and scores of sleep disturbances in PWE. In the overall PWE, nocturnal seizures and focal epilepsy were respectively related to insomnia and poor sleep quality (OR = 3.35, p = 0.024; OR = 3.08, p = 0.013), and mood disorders were also important factors in sleep disturbances (p < 0.05). In the analysis by gender, depression, anxiety, nocturnal seizures and focal epilepsy were associated with insomnia and poor sleep quality in men. For women, however, depression mood was the only factor of sleep disturbances.

Conclusions

Though no gender difference was observed in the incidence of sleep disturbances, factors contributing to insomnia and sleep quality were different by gender. The factors and gender differences of sleep disturbances should be taken into account in the clinical treatment.
Machine learning delineation of buried igneous features from the offshore Otway Basin in southeast Australia
Authors: Niyazi Yakufu , Warne Mark , Ierodiaconou Daniel
Published: May 2022

Magmatic rocks are frequently encountered during hydrocarbon exploration in rift-related sedimentary basins. As magmatic rocks may contribute both positively and negatively to the hydrocarbon systems, their spatio-temporal distribution and structural elements are crucial for exploration in frontier basins. With the proliferation and increased density of seismic reflection data, various subsurface magmatic features can be discriminated and illuminated via conventional interpretation approaches, such as attribute extraction, opacity rendering or geo-body extraction. However, these manual interpretation techniques are labor-intensive, subject to interpreter bias and often bottleneck with respect to time data delivery. A supervised machine learning approach could efficiently resolve these issues by amalgamating suitable seismic attributes, such as energy, reflection strength, texture, and similarity, and automatically delineating these magmatic features in 3D seismic reflection data. Our machine learning neural network classified igneous features from non-igneous features in two different seismic surveys within the natural laboratory of the offshore Otway Basin, SE Australia. This multi-layer perception neural network designed in this study resulted in an optimized igneous probability meta-attribute cube that could effectively reveal the extension and distribution of igneous features and several structural elements in the study area. We presented the detailed workflow of this artificial neural network and observed the efficiency of this approach in different seismic surveys. These results illustrate the potential of neural network in imaging other complex igneous features from 3D seismic data in the Otway Basin and worldwide.
Influencing factors and identification method of low-resistivity pay zone in Jurassic, Huanxian area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Guo Jingzhe , Wang Yuxia , Li Ya , Xi Mingli
Published: May 2022

Huanxian area is in the west of the Ordos Basin and contains a widely distributed Jurassic low-resistivity pay zone. Due to the lack of a systematic summary of the influencing factors of the Jurassic low-resistivity pay zone in this location, oilfield engineers have not established a logging rapid identification method, increasing the complexity of oilfield exploration and development. Therefore, we reveal the main influencing factors and propose a corresponding logging identification method. Through a groundwater chemical composition test, phase permeability experiment, cast thin-section analysis, seismic data, and logging data, we have obtained the groundwater salinity, irreducible water saturation, clay mineral content, tectonic amplitude, and resistivity and apparent resistivity index of sandstone. The results of the correlation analysis indicated that the groundwater salinity is the main control factor for the development of the Jurassic low-resistivity pay zone in the study area, whereas other factors (such as irreducible water saturation) are secondary influencing factors. We have created a crossplot for groundwater salinity versus sandstone resistivity to identify the Jurassic low-resistivity pay zone based on clarifying the main control factor. The identification accuracy of this crossplot has reached approximately 65% through oil testing conclusions in the study area. To further improve the application, we have replaced sandstone resistivity with an apparent resistivity index in the crossplot. As a result, we have improved the identification accuracy of the Jurassic low-resistivity pay zone to more than 80%, which can meet the production demand. The results of this study can provide technical support for the exploration and development of the Jurassic low-resistivity pay zone, which is significant for optimizing various oil and gas resource production structures and coproduction methods in this location.
Program Planning to Develop Infrastructure for Cancer Care in Liberia
Authors: Beddoe Ann Marie , Jallah Wilhelmina , Dahn Bernice
Published: May 2022

Liberia's health infrastructure was completely devastated after 14 years of back-to-back civil war. Postconflict rebuilding of the country's health workforce and infrastructure has become a priority. Initially, the focus was on the diagnosis and treatment of communicable diseases that caused multigenerational family losses. With the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases, however, the country has turned its attention to addressing diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, with the development of the noncommunicable disease unit under the Ministry of Health. Recovering from another setback caused by the Ebola virus outbreak in 2014, the country assembled a diverse group of stakeholders to form Liberia's first National Cancer Committee. To structure a program that would address the increasing burden of cervical and breast cancers, the major cause of mortality among reproductive-aged women in Liberia, input from the International Atomic Energy Agency was critical. This article describes the preplanning activities for developing infrastructure to support cancer care in Liberia that occurred between 2013 and 2020 and is still ongoing. This case study is intended to serve as a planning guide for countries with limited resources as they work toward the goal of eliminating cervical cancer and developing infrastructure to address their country's burden of all cancers.
Developing Predictor Models of Postoperative Verbal Fluency After Deep Brain Stimulation Using Preoperative Neuropsychological Assessment
Authors: Alhourani Ahmad , Wylie Scott A. , Summers Jessica E. , Phibbs Fenna T. , Bradley Elise B. , Neimat Joseph S. , Van Wouwe Nelleke C.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson disease provides significant improvement of motor symptoms but can also produce neurocognitive side effects. A decline in verbal fluency (VF) is among the most frequently reported side effects. Preoperative factors that could predict VF decline have yet to be identified.

OBJECTIVE:

To develop predictive models of DBS postoperative VF decline using a machine learning approach.

METHODS:

We used a prospective database of patients who underwent neuropsychological and VF assessment before both subthalamic nucleus (n = 47, bilateral = 44) and globus pallidus interna (n = 43, bilateral = 39) DBS. We used a neurobehavioral rating profile as features for modeling postoperative VF. We constructed separate models for action, semantic, and letter VF. We used a leave-one-out scheme to test the accuracy of the predictive models using median absolute error and correlation with actual postoperative scores.

RESULTS:

The predictive models were able to predict the 3 types of VF with high accuracy ranging from a median absolute error of 0.92 to 1.36. Across all three models, higher preoperative fluency, digit span, education, and Mini-Mental State Examination were predictive of higher postoperative fluency scores. By contrast, higher frontal system deficits, age, Questionnaire for Impulsive–Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's disease scored by the patient, disease duration, and Behavioral Inhibition/Behavioral Activation Scale scores were predictive of lower postoperative fluency scores.

CONCLUSION:

Postoperative VF can be accurately predicted using preoperative neurobehavioral rating scores above and beyond preoperative VF score and relies on performance over different aspects of executive function.
Η εκπαίδευση των πομακόφωνων μαθητών στη Δ. Θράκη
Authors: Γεωργίτσης Νικόλαος
Published: May 2022

Στα μειονοτικά σχολεία της Θράκης -και ειδικά σε εκείνα που φοιτούν Πομάκοι μαθητές- το πρόβλημα της διδασκαλίας της ελληνικής γλώσσας σε σχέση με τη μητρική παρουσιάζει την ιδιαιτερότητα ότι οι Πομάκοι μαθητές στο σχολείο διδάσκονται στις δύο επίσημες γλώσσες της μουσουλμανικής μειονότητας, την Tουρκική και την Eλληνική.Αναφορικά με την ελληνική γλώσσα σημαντικό είναι να εξεταστεί η συμβολή του σχολικού εγχειριδίου στην εκμάθηση της σε αυτό το περιβάλλον. Ειδικότερο ενδιαφέρον έχει το σχολικό εγχειρίδιο της ελληνικής γλώσσας για την ΣΤ΄ τάξη των μειονοτικών σχολείων, ιδιαίτερα με τους πομακόφωνους μαθητές. Είναι λογικό να γεννάται το ερώτημα -μέσα από τις απαντήσεις μαθητών και εκπαιδευτικών- σε ποιο βαθμό το συγκεκριμένο σχολικό εγχειρίδιο, της ελληνικής γλώσσας για την ΣΤ΄ τάξη (ελληνόφωνο πρόγραμμα μειονοτικών σχολείων) και ειδικά στα σχολεία που φοιτούν Πομάκοι μαθητές, βοήθησε στην επιτυχή εκμάθηση της ελληνικής γλώσσας.Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας, λοιπόν, είναι η διερεύνηση των απόψεων μαθητών και εκπαιδευτικών για το σχολικό εγχειρίδιο της Ελληνικής Γλώσσας (ΣΤ΄ Τάξης Μειονοτικών Σχολείων) στα Μειονοτικά σχολεία και ειδικότερα στους Πομάκους της Δ. Θράκης. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε με χρήση ερωτηματολογίων σε 177 μαθητές και 125 εκπαιδευτικούς, οι οποίοι επιλέχθηκαν με δειγματοληψία ευκολίας.Από τα αποτελέσματα διαφαίνεται πως οι απόψεις μαθητών και εκπαιδευτικών φαίνεται να συμβαδίζουν, κλίνοντας και οι δύο ομάδες προς μία ουδέτερη προς αρνητική συνολικά άποψη για τα εγχειρίδια.
SL-Cloud: A Cloud-based resource to support synthetic lethal interaction discovery
Authors: Tercan Bahar , Qin Guangrong , Kim Taek-Kyun , Aguilar Boris , Phan John , Longabaugh William , Pot David , Kemp Christopher J. , Chambwe Nyasha , Shmulevich Ilya
Published: May 2022

Synthetic lethal interactions (SLIs), genetic interactions in which the simultaneous inactivation of two genes leads to a lethal phenotype, are promising targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer, as exemplified by the recent success of PARP inhibitors in treating BRCA1/2-deficient tumors. We present SL-Cloud, a new component of the Institute for Systems Biology Cancer Gateway in the Cloud (ISB-CGC), that provides an integrated framework of cloud-hosted data resources and curated workflows to enable facile prediction of SLIs. This resource addresses two main challenges related to SLI inference: the need to wrangle and preprocess large multi-omic datasets and the availability of multiple comparable prediction approaches. SL-Cloud enables customizable computational inference of SLIs and testing of prediction approaches across multiple datasets. We anticipate that cancer researchers will find utility in this tool for discovery of SLIs to support further investigation into potential drug targets for anticancer therapies.
Terytoria wschodnie Polski Odrodzonej. Spojrzenie Włodzimierza Mędrzeckiego (spostrzeżenia i refleksje na marginesie)
Authors: Kornat Marek
Published: May 2022

Artykuł jest krytycznym komentarzem do książki Włodzimierza Mędrzeckiego, Kresowy kalejdoskop. Wędrówki przez ziemie wschodnie Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej 1918–1939 (2018). Autor podejmuje pytania o bilans historyczny polskiego posiadania ziem wschodnich, uzyskanych w następstwie zwycięskiej dla Polski wojny z Rosją sowiecką w latach 1919–1920.
Immunopathological changes in case of the diabetes of the first type. The impact of the mother’s diabetes of the first type on the emryogenesis and fetogenesis of the fetus (Literature review, part II)
Authors: Kupriianova L. , Ivanchenko S.
Published: May 2022

In the following article we have presented main risk factors of the development of the Diabetes Mellitus of the I type, as well as modern statistical data towards its correlation in a structure of the disease. We have revealed main markers of the disease, connected with the HLA system. We have also considered leading links in the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency development in case of patients with the Diabetes Mellitus of the I type relatively to the duration of the disease, presence of vascular complications as well as number of insulin units per day. We have provided clear criteria towards changes in the T-lymphocytes populations, what is prescribing changes in the helper-suppressor ratio. In addition, we have postulated that the autoimmune disorders, which are typical for the Diabetes Mellitus of the I type (DM of the I type) are leading to the increase in a number of apoptotically alteredd forms of T-lymphocytes, what is contributing to the deeping of changes in the immune system. Authors have studied main features of the interleukin-producing activity in case of patients with the DM of the I type. Namely: increased number of pro-inflammatory interleukins on the background of decrease of anti-inflammatory ones. The precise analysis has revealed, that there are circulating immune complexes in the blood of patients with DM of the I type, which are leading microcirculation’ disorders. The alterations, that were postulated and described relatively to the organism of patients with DM of the I type, are indicating deep disorders in the immune system and the morphological features of the thymus has to be studied, as far as the thymus as a central organ of the immunogenesis in case of fetuses from mothers, who are suffering from the DM of thr I type, in the aim of development of immunodeficiency in patients.

Alongside with the description of changes in the immune system in case of patients with the DM of the I type, in the following article we have provided a scientific views on changes in the embrion- and fetogenesis of the fetus under the influence of mother’s DM of the I type. In addition, we have described morphological features of the placenta structure in case of this pathology, as well as pathomorphological changes in the strucutre of internal organs of fetus under the influence of this pathology in the mother’s organism. It was postulated, that in case of children, who were born from mothers, who are suffering from the DM of the I type, there is a syndrome of diabetic feto- and embryopathy, which is developing and leading to the poliorganic failure in the subsequent ontogenesis.
Improving Variable Orderings of Approximate Decision Diagrams Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Cappart Quentin , Bergman David , Rousseau Louis-Martin , Prémont-Schwarz Isabeau , Parjadis Augustin
Published: May 2022

Prescriptive analytics provides organizations with scalable solutions for large-scale, automated decision making. At the core of prescriptive analytics methodology is optimization, a field devoted to the study of algorithms that solve complex decision-making problems. Optimization algorithms rely heavily on generic methods for identifying tight bounds, which provide both solutions to problems and optimality guarantees. In the last decade, decision diagrams (DDs) have demonstrated significant advantages in obtaining bounds compared with the standard linear relaxation commonly used by commercial solvers. However, the quality of the bounds computed by DDs depends heavily on the variable ordering chosen for the construction. Besides, the problem of finding an ordering that optimizes a given metric is generally NP-hard. This paper studies how machine learning, specifically deep reinforcement learning (DRL), can be used to improve bounds provided by DDs, in particular through learning a good variable ordering. The introduced DRL models improve primal and dual bounds, even over standard linear programming relaxations, and are integrated in a full-fledged branch-and-bound algorithm. This paper, therefore, provides a novel mechanism for utilizing machine learning to tighten bounds, adding to recent research on using machine learning to obtain high-quality heuristic solutions and, for the first time, using machine learning to improve relaxation bounds through a generic bounding method. We apply the methods on a classic optimization problem, the maximum independent set, and demonstrate through computational testing that optimization bounds can be significantly improved through DRL. We provide the code to replicate the results obtained on the maximum independent set.

Summary of Contribution: This paper studies the use of reinforcement learning to compute a variable ordering of decision diagram-based approximations for discrete optimization problems. This is among the first works to propose the use of machine learning to improve upon generic bounding methods for discrete optimization problems, thereby establishing a critical bridge between optimization and learning.
Voxel-Based Solution Approaches to the Three-Dimensional Irregular Packing Problem
Authors: Lamas-Fernandez Carlos , Bennell Julia A. , Martinez-Sykora Antonio
Published: May 2022

Packing Three-Dimensional Irregular Objects

Because of its many applications in practice, the cutting and packing literature is extensive and well established. It is mostly concerned with problems in one and two dimensions or with problems where some regularity of the pieces is assumed (e.g., packing boxes). However, the rise of applications in the realm of three-dimensional printing and additive manufacturing has created a demand for efficient packing of three-dimensional irregular objects. In “Voxel-Based Solution Approaches to the Three-Dimensional Irregular Packing Problem,” Lamas-Fernandez, Martinez-Sykora, and Bennell propose a series of tools to tackle this problem using voxels. These include geometric tools, a mathematical model, local search neighborhoods, and details on implementation of metaheuristic algorithms. These tools are tested extensively, and computational results provided show their effectiveness compared with state-of-the-art literature.
Estratégias de Enfrentamento Utilizadas por Profissionais do SAMU Frente à Iminência de Morte de Pacientes
Authors: München Mikaela Aline Bade , Quintana Alberto Manuel , Vasconcellos Sílvio José Lemos
Published: May 2022

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos profissionais de uma equipe do SAMU (Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência) frente situações de iminência de morte de pacientes, além de avaliar a correlação entre coping e ansiedade, depressão e estresse. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, da qual participaram 43 profissionais do SAMU de um município no interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, entre médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos em enfermagem e condutores. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o DASS-21 e o Inventário de Estratégias de Coping. A análise dos dados foi feita a partir de estatística descritiva e inferencial, utilizando o software SPSS. Os resultados indicam que as estratégias mais utilizadas pelos profissionais são resolução de problemas, autocontrole e reavaliação positiva. Já as menos utilizadas são fuga-esquiva e confronto. Ademais, obteve-se um baixo índice de estresse, ansiedade e depressão na amostra. A correlação dos instrumentos permitiu compreender esses dados, visto que as estratégias menos utilizadas apresentaram maior correlação com estresse, ansiedade e depressão. Considera-se que os profissionais do SAMU utilizam estratégias de enfrentamento que permitem a elaboração das situações vivenciadas, o que indica a importância da valorização de potencialidades a serem desenvolvidas no serviço.
Religiosidade e Política na Sociedade Brasileira Secularizada: Uma Leitura Psicanalítica
Authors: Kyrillos Neto Fuad , Machado Rodolfo Rodrigues
Published: May 2022

A interface entre o envolvimento religioso e o espaço político na sociedade, possuindo um longo antecedente de relações, vem ganhando destaque em suas manifestações na conjuntura contemporânea. No presente artigo, buscaremos investigar, através de uma pesquisa teórica, como as novas formas de envolvimento religioso, em suas configurações seculares, podem ter derivado, também, novos caminhos na relação entre religião e política. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, ocupar-nos-emos em expor as formulações freudianas a respeito das motivações que levam o sujeito ao encontro da religião. Também apresentaremos as reformulações presentes na obra de Lacan a respeito do tema, assim como contribuições de outros pensadores, buscando focalizar os pontos onde os autores analisam interseções entre religião e discurso político. Posteriormente, retomaremos algumas considerações históricas sobre a relação entre religião e política no Brasil, encaminhando a discussão para a forma como tal questão se situa na contemporaneidade. Por fim, proporemos uma análise, articulada aos conceitos psicanalíticos expostos, do papel da secularização na conjuntura exposta, tomando como exemplo paradigmático a teologia da prosperidade. Nesse sentido, visamos a apontar como certos paradigmas da secularização possivelmente reorganizaram pontos norteadores das relações estabelecidas entre religião e política no contemporâneo brasileiro.
Escuta do Sofrimento Mental Estudantil: Relato de Experiência do Atendimento Psicológico aos Estudantes da UFRJ
Authors: Castro Simone Aparecida de , Silva Leonardo Aparecido , Smith Julie Anna Barros , Gomes Maria de Fátima Carneiro Dysman
Published: May 2022

Relato de experiência acadêmica de três estagiários de graduação em Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) no atendimento psicológico para estudantes da universidade. O objetivo é destacar as principais questões de sofrimento psíquico relatadas pelos estudantes atendidos e elucidar a importância da escuta clínica no campo acadêmico. Analisaram-se os aspectos recorrentes emergidos durante os atendimentos e presentes na discussão dos casos durante as supervisões com a professora orientadora. Do total de 24 estudantes atendidos, as principais queixas sintomatológicas dos participantes foram crises de ansiedade, sintomas de depressão e de ideação suicida. Buscou-se realizar um paralelo entre as dificuldades acadêmicas e emocionais com a implicação subjetiva dos estudantes na instituição UFRJ. Além disso, a questão do suicídio também foi destacada como o maior desafio clínico pelos estagiários nos atendimentos. Ao final verificou-se a importância do atendimento psicológico para os estudantes dentro do espaço acadêmico, pois esse lugar também de escuta é uma forma de acolhimento integral do estudante.
Avaliação de Estudante com Altas Habilidades/Superdotação Pré e Pós-Oferta de Enriquecimento Curricular
Authors: Bergamin Aletéia Cristina , Cunha Victor Alexandre Barreto da , Peixoto Maria Beatriz Campos de Lara Barbosa Marins , Santos Camila Elidia Messias dos , Rondini Carina Alexandra
Published: May 2022

Objetiva-se apresentar o processo de avaliação e confirmação dos indicadores de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação de um estudante, pré e pós-oferta de enriquecimento intracurricular e extracurricular. A pesquisa configura-se como descritiva, do tipo casuístico. Participou do estudo um estudante com indicadores de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação, matriculado nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública estadual do interior de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada na escola e no Centro de Psicologia Aplicada de uma Universidade Pública da cidade, por meio de uma avaliação multimodal, envolvendo uma bateria de instrumentos aplicados junto à mãe e ao estudante, incluindo avaliação pedagógica, psicológica e psicomotora. Os resultados indicaram que o estudante apresenta fortes indicadores de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação, demonstrando desempenho acima da média, com destaque em matemática, leitura e escrita, os quais puderam ser confirmados tanto pela avaliação pedagógica quanto pela psicológica, e alto desempenho na área de psicomotricidade. A oferta de enriquecimento intracurricular e extracurricular contribuiu para melhorar o desempenho do estudante.
Editorial
Authors: Souza Alice De Marchi Pereira de , Mattos Amana , Jacó Vilela Ana Maria , Mendonça Anderson Pereira , Mendes Deise Maria Leal Fernandes , Ponciano Edna Lúcia Tinoco , Degani-Carneiro Filipe , Ribeiro Heloisa Fernandes Caldas , Hernández Jimena De Garay , Quadros Laura Cristina de Toledo , Tura Luiz Fernando , Brunhari Marcos Vinicius , Quitério Patrícia Lorena , Rapizo Rosana Lazaro , Savegnago Sabrina Dal Ongaro , Gomes Vitor Castro
Published: May 2022

Alice De Marchi Pereira de Souza, Amana Mattos, Ana Maria Jacó Vilela, Anderson Pereira Mendonça, Deise Maria Leal Fernandes Mendes, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Filipe Degani-Carneiro, Heloisa Fernandes Caldas Ribeiro, Jimena de Garay Hernández, Laura Cristina de Toledo Quadros, Luiz Fernando Tura, Marcos Vinicius Brunhari, Patrícia Lorena Quitério, Rosana Lazaro Rapizo, Sabrina Dal Ongaro Savegnago, Vitor Castro Gomes
HIBISCO ROXO: O ESPAÇO ÍNTIMO DE UMA FLOR RARA
Authors: Scheifler Daniela Severo de Souza
Published: May 2022

Esse artigo traça um paralelo entre as casas de Eugene e de Tia Ifeoma, personagens do livro Hibisco Roxo, à luz da concepção bachelariana de casa como espaço propiciador e acolhedor de subjetividades. Através então da análise desses espaços, o artigo mostra como o colonialismo incide sobre a vida doméstica dos personagens do livro, impondo a eles uma identidade supostamente estável e, assim, tentando impedi-los de descobrirem a si mesmos. Eugene nos ajuda a ilustrar como o colonialismo se deu na Nigéria.Palavras-chave: Literatura pós-colonial – casa – identidade.
A PRODUÇÃO MACHADIANA POR MEIO DAS FOLHAS PÚBLICAS: CONSAGRAÇÃO E POLÊMICA
Authors: Valente Lobato de Castro Valdiney
Published: May 2022

Na segunda metade do século XIX, a obra de Machado de Assis ganhou popularidade por meio dos jornais onde era veiculada. No entanto, essa entronização não ocorreu sem contestações: nas páginas dos jornais oitocentistas há comentários de leitores, anúncios de venda, notícias de lançamento de livros e também crítica de leitores especializados que se debruçaram sobre as primeiras produções machadianas e, no calor da hora, tanto aplaudiram quanto criticaram essas publicações. Ao contrário dessas manifestações, a fortuna crítica construída acerca dos escritos machadianos tem, quase em sua totalidade, lançado suas impressões sobre os textos do autor desconsiderando essas primeiras leituras. A análise de alguns desses textos saídos nos jornais oitocentistas é o objetivo deste estudo, que pode ampliar a compreensão acerca da recepção dos textos machadianos.
Acre: Novas narrativas e perspectivas
Authors: Costa Bezerra Jirlany Marreiro
Published: May 2022

A resenha aborda de forma crítica o livro: Acre, Formas de Olhar e Narrar: Natureza e História nas Ausências” (2020) do Doutor Francisco Bento da Silva, fruto do seu pós-doutoramento em História pela Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, onde aborda novos olhares e narrativas sobre o Acre.
DIFICULDADE NO ACESSO E USO DAS REDES DE APOIO E ATENDIMENTO À MULHER DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Santos Carolina Da Silva , Corrêa Gabriel Siqueira
Published: May 2022

A violência cometida sobre corpos de mulheres se constitui como um problema que deve ser discutido e enfrentado pela sociedade ao longo dos tempos. Esta questão é agravada pelo atual contexto da COVID-19, enfrentada desde o ano de 2019 no mundo. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar a espacialidade vivida por mulheres que sofrem violência de gênero no município de São Gonçalo. A opção teórica apreende o corpo como escala geográfica de forma a problematizar as condições atuais, em tempos de pandemia, sobre o desafio que se impõe no deslocamento e acesso aos centros de apoio e atendimento à mulher em situação de violência. No campo metodológico foram realizados levantamentos de dados de violência contra a mulher do Instituto de Segurança Pública do Rio de Janeiro – ISP, além de mapeamento das redes de atendimento e apoio a mulher em situação de violência no município. Como resultado, percebeu-se que a distância e falta de articulação entre os locais de atendimento e apoio, dificultam o acesso e uso destes, e consequentemente influencia as denúncias. No campo teórico, as reflexões são guiadas por referências como SANTOS, (2018, 2021), ao especializar os dados da violência e pensar o corpo como um recorte espacial em disputa; FEDERECI (2017), por outro lado, fornece categorias importantes para compreender o processo-histórico de subordinação feminina. Estes e mais alguns trabalhos estão aqui contidos dialogando com os dados apresentados trazendo questões que podem contribuir com a reflexão sobre a mulher na sociedade.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIA DURANTE O ENSINO REMOTO
Authors: De Machado e Silva Polena Valesca
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo as possibilidades de alfabetização e letramento com crianças de idade escolar entre 6 e 7 anos de idade, no ensino remoto durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Para realizar o estudo, foram utilizados pressupostos investigativos no campo da alfabetização e do letramento, como os estudos de Ferreiro (2010), Soares (2002, 2003, 2011), Teberosky e Colomer (2003), entre outros, utilizando de uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica exploratória sobre alfabetização e letramento. Tem-se como objetivo apresentar os resultados dos estudantes, no ensino remoto, durante a pandemia da Covid-19. A respeito da criança, entendemos que ela se constitui, a partir da perspectiva vigotskiana, como sujeito de uma construção sócio-histórica cultural, capaz de interagir com a sociedade em que vive. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho é resultado das aprendizagens das crianças, realizadas em duas turmas do 1º ano dos Anos Iniciais, da escola Lápis de Cor-ELC, da rede privada do município de Natal/RN, entre os meses de março e dezembro do ano de 2020. Os resultados obtidos no período indicado mostram que as crianças conseguiram se apropriar da alfabetização e do letramento, mesmo estando no ensino remoto, utilizando de diferentes instrumentos, os quais proporcionaram o desenvolvimento desse processo, bem como o desenvolvimento dos sujeitos. Sendo assim, percebemos que, ao final do ano letivo, foi possível ver a materialização das estratégias utilizadas virtualmente, consolidando, assim, a hipótese de escrita alfabética nas turmas supracitadas - algo que era temido e desconhecido no início de 2020.
Excellence in implantology
Authors: Hylton Preetee
Published: May 2022

Preetee Hylton reviews the International Team for Implantology's annual scientific meeting for dental nurses