bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY IN PERSONS WITHOUT ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: A PSYCHOSOMATIC APPROACH TO STUDYING THIS PHENOMENON
Authors: Бастриков Олег , Bastrikov Oleg , Белов Вячеслав , Belov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2017

The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of psychological and somatic factors in the development of left ventricular
hypertrophy in the cohort of persons without arterial hypertension and to give a quantitative evaluation to the effect
of these factors on this phenomenon.
Materials and methods. The study included 107 practically healthy people of working age from an organized popula-
tion, including 46 men (mean age of 43.7 ± 11.5 years; M ± s) and 61 women (mean age 43.1 ± 10.1 years; M ± s). All the
subjects underwent measurement of blood pressure according to the standard procedure, questionnaire survey using
validated psychological questionnaires, the study of structural changes of the myocardium with echocardiography, the
tests for metabolic indices in venous blood on an empty stomach (hormonal, immunological, biochemical).
Results. Individuals with left ventricular hypertrophy were characterized by a significantly greater level of depression,
accumulated stress, social frustration, decreased self-evaluation of health state and vitality. The value of the left ven-
tricle mass index in practically healthy individuals without arterial hypertension is determined by 4 factors: the level
of apolipoproteins B, the ratio of waist circumference / hip circumference, the level of the end products of free radical
lipid oxidation, and smoking duration.
Conclusion. Hypertrophy of the left ventricle in people without arterial hypertension is associated with personality
characteristics that determine the nature of a multilevel response (somatic, hormonal, biochemical).
ABOUT THE ALLOCATION OF MENTAL DISORDERS RISK GROUPS IN THE PRACTICE OF CARDIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Дорофейкова Мария , Dorofeikova Mariia , Задворьев Сергей , Zadvorev Sergey , Петрова Наталия , Petrova Nataliya , Яковлев Артём , Yakovlev Artyom
Published: December 2017

Differential diagnosis of somatic and somatoform pathology is a pressing issue in general practice. The aim of this
study was to develop an algorithm for identification of the patients with indications for psychiatrist’s consultation and
possible psychotropic therapy at the stage of admission to multi-disciplinary hospital.
Material and methods. Regression analysis of data of 1031 patient hospitalized in the cardiology department of a
multiprofile hospital was done with the aim of identifying factors determining the recommendation for receiving
psychotropic therapy at discharge.
Results. An algorithm for allocation among patients of cardiological profile individuals that require a multidisciplinary
approach to treatment involving experts in the field of mental health is proposed. Factors included in the formula were
labile or paroxysmal hypertension, the number of associated (non-cardiological) diagnosis, female gender and heart
rate or heart rhythm disorders with the debut at the age below 55 or 50 years: I = 8 × L + D + 3 × F + 3 (6) × H.
Conclusion. The revealed pattern may be useful in the clinic of internal diseases for screening of patients with a high
contribution of the emotional state the severity of the condition. The doctors of the hospitals of somatic (therapeutic)
profile should pay more attention to the psycho-emotional condition of patients with labile hypertension, early onset of
cardiac arrhythmias, and large number of comorbidities. Patients that meet the criteria are likely to need a consultation
of a psychotherapist or psychiatrist because of the presence of psychosomatic or other mental disorders.
MEDICAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS OF CHILDREN IN CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL INSUFFICIENCY IN THE IRKUTSK REGION
Authors: Зоркальцева Елена , Zorkaltseva Elena , Пугачева Светлана , Pugacheva Svetlana , Толстых Александр , Tolstykh Aleksandr
Published: December 2017

Background. In cases of tuberculosis in children, contacts with patients with drug-resistant forms are often detected.
Treatment and prevention of the disease is based on these data and adherence to treatment.
Aims. To analyze the social status of the family of children with tuberculosis, clinical forms and drug resistance of MBT
in patients who are sources of infection in the outbreak for adequate planning of preventive treatment of contact and
treatment of children with tuberculosis.
Materials and methods. The study involved 150 children with tuberculosis treated in a hospital in 2009–2012 and
142 children – in 2015–2017. We studied social factors and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in adult
patients – sources to child transmission. Drug resistance of MBT cultures was determined by Löwenstein – Jensen me-
dium and automated system BACTEC MGIT 960.
Results. 50.0 % of children with tuberculosis are patients of preschool age, 33.0 % of children aged under 3 years. From
2009–2012 to 2015–2017 the proportion of socially disadvantaged families fell from 68.0 % to 45.1 %. At the same
time the proportion of children with tuberculosis, contracted from a known contact decreased from 70.0 % to 57.0 %.
Often children get infected from mother or from several close relatives (mother, father, grandfather, grandmother),
TB patients source of infection of children are often diagnosed with infiltrative (21.9–38.3 %) and fibro-cavernous
tuberculosis (17.0–21.0 %). To 2015–2017 multi-drug resistance in the nidi was recorded at 52.2 %. The development
of tuberculosis in children was facilitated by the defects of preventative measures: absence of BCG vaccination (from
9.0 to 14.0 % of children), the absence of preventive treatment (55.3–67.5 %).
MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA: CURRENT APPROACHES TO PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
Authors: Ким Евгений , Kim Evgenij , Горбачев Владимир , Gorbachev Vladimir , Унжаков Виталий , Unzhakov Vitalij
Published: December 2017

One of the most serious complications of modern anesthesia is malignant hyperthermia, which is a pharmacogenetic
disease phenotype manifested by skeletal muscle hypermetabolism and rhabdomyolysis during or after general anesthe-
sia with the use of inhaled anesthetics and succinylcholine. In Russia, the problem of malignant hyperthermia remains
unresolved. This is mainly due to the fact that the only specific drug dantrolene created for the effective treatment of
malignant hyperthermia is still not legalized and thus formally prohibited to import, disseminate and apply on the
domestic pharmaceutical market. This article deals with the regulatory framework of specific treatment of malignant
hyperthermia in Russia, allowing the possibility to legally import to the territory of the Russian Federation dantrolene
as an unregistered drug, if it is a question of rendering medical assistance on vital indications to a particular patient, or
its unauthorized use for vital indications in a situation of extreme necessity. The article presents the recommendations
of domestic experts on the treatment of malignant hyperthermia. In this case, as a possible alternative to dantrolene,
magnesium preparations are considered, whose role in the treatment of the crisis of malignant hyperthermia continues
to be specified.
Thus, given the increasing use of inhalation anesthesia by Russian anesthetists, to ensure the safety of patients with
regard to the development of malignant hyperthermia, it is possible only in the case of official registration in the do-
mestic dantrolene market. Also, in the territory of Russia, a network of relevant consultative and diagnostic centers
should be established. These measures will undoubtedly increase the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of severe
consequences of this disease in our country.
A RARE COMBINATION OF NONCOMPACT MYOCARDIUM AND CORONARY DILATATION WITH TYPE 1 NEUROFIBROMATOSIS
Authors: Ефремова Олеся , Efremova Olesya , Брегель Людмила , Bregel Lyudmila , Субботин Владимир , Subbotin Vladimir , Баракин Александр , Barakin Alexander
Published: December 2017

The article describes the observation of a child with a very rare combination of noncompact left ventricular myocardium
and coronary dilatation in type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF 1). The first of these complications, undifferentiated cardio-
myopathy, also known as noncompact myocardium, is not described in combination with NF 1 in available literature,
although cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in patients with NF 1 have been previously reported. Dilatation of the
coronary arteries also refers to infrequent manifestations of vascular pathology against the background of neurofibro-
matosis, and the combination of all three signs (NF 1, noncompact myocardium and coronary dilatation) has not yet
been reported by other authors. When examining the patient, we found the characteristic signs of NF 1 (foci of “coffee”
pigmentation on the skin, multiple nevuses, fibroids of the forearm, cognitive disorders), electrocardiogram features of
left ventricular hypertrophy, negative T-tooth and ST-segment displacement 1 mm below the isoline in Leads V4-6, in
echocardiography - pronounced trabecularity, thinning of the compact myocardium layer and a “spongy myocardium”
in the region of the left ventricle apex, dilatation of the coronary arteries.
With magnetic resonance imaging, signs of noncompact myocardium of the left ventricle were found, with selective
coronary angiography - slowing of the coronary blood flow. The patient receives the permanent treatment for heart
failure and aspirin, his condition remains stable for 4 years of follow-up
New in international law in the era of challenges and threats
Authors: Волова Лариса , Volova Larisa
Published: December 2017

The article draws attention to the fact that in today's global challenges and threats, a number of scientists and politicians expressed their opinion on the crisis of international law. The author proves that there are no grounds to qualify the state of affairs with international law as its "crisis". The author considers some crisis phenomena with international law, difficulties with interpretation, and especially with the application of some of its principles, norms and institutions. An assessment is made of the new developments that have occurred with international law in connection with global challenges and threats. The necessity and ways of raising the level of training of lawyers in the field of international law are substantiated.
Multilevel law education: losses and gaining
Authors: Шимбарева Нина , Shimbareva Nina
Published: December 2017

Training of qualified lawyers is considered to be one of the socially significant problems. The higher law education now includes three, relatively independent levels: law bachelor’s programme, law master’s programme and law specialist’s programme. In 2017 the Russian education’s first ever final assessment in doctor’s degree law programme took place. The author of the article gives her own opinion about advantages and disadvantages of the multilevel law education.
The crisis of law – the age of legal technologies
Authors: Тарасова Анна , Tarasova Anna
Published: December 2017

The article deals with the tendency of replacing the right with the written law. This turns the law into a legal technology that can explain any decision made in it, including against the previously adopted laws. This phenomenon deprives the modern legislation of the necessary properties of stability, legal certainty, ensuring a balance of interests, justice. There are proposed ways to overcome this tendency, the need for quality training of lawyers, including the specialization of lawmaking
Pedagogical education in a legal higher educational institution
Authors: Тимошенко Нина , Timoshenko Nina
Published: December 2017

In this paper, the role of pedagogy in higher education and its significance in the system of vocational education are analyzed. The main trends of education, including legal ones, are indicated. The paper also identifies the problems of pedagogical education and suggests ways to address them.
Law schools and employers cooperation as a factor of graduating students` preparation of high quality and their job connection
Authors: Маевская Марина , Maevskaya Marina
Published: December 2017

The article is devoted to evaluation of priority forms of cooperation between institutes and employers, and troubled points, which impede their cooperation.
Taking into account identified shortcomings (disadvantages), the most effective forms of cooperation are performed. Moved a motion of supplement to Federal act «Of Education in the Russian Federation» relating to practical studies (job training) of law school students.
The model of dual education is subjected to evaluation, this model is considered to be one of the advanced forms of effective cooperation of law schools and employers. Reasoned the offer of practicability and timely adoption the model of dual education for jurist students.
The proceedings and practical skills of the Advocate's activity for international Law in foreign state
Authors: Карташов Михаил , Kartashov Mikhail
Published: December 2017

In modern conditions of global information space and comprehensive expansion of foreign economic relations shaped society demand for lawyers with skills of applying the conflict rules of private international law and practices in foreign countries. Buying legal services in a foreign country significantly expands the composition of the legal means of advocacy and provides access to local infrastructure and communication. Mastering the skills of applying the conflict rules of national and international law entails:
1) conduct advocacy at a high level;
2) expansion of the market of legal services;
3) the development of new legal technologies.
4) full participation in international cooperation networks of advocates;
5) professional development.
The author of this article refers to the number of lawyers authorised to practice law in Germany and in Russia, so many suggestions are based on my own experience of the author.
About the legal profession in the twenty-first century
Authors: Иванов Алексей , Ivanov Aleksey
Published: December 2017

The rapid evolution that sweeps across different spheres of life in the 21st century is changing everything on its way. Including legal profession that also faces new challenges leading to transformations. The current status of the lawyer is completely different than it was only 10-20 years ago. And one could hardly predict what would happen with legal profession in nearest future.
New procedural rights and responsibilities of participants in the civil process related to the use of information technology
Authors: Смагина Елена , Smagina Elena
Published: December 2017

The article is devoted to new procedural rights and responsibilities of participants in the civil process: the right to be notified by the latest means of communication; the right to file documents in court in electronic form; the right to get acquainted with the case materials and judicial acts in electronic form; the right to participate in the process by videoconferencing
The modern judicial practice in the context of Budget policy and its impact on Constitution Court positions in tax law payments
Authors: Пешкова Христина , Peshkova Christina
Published: December 2017

The article analyzes trends in the impact of the financial and budget policy of the Russian Federation on the establishment of tax and non-tax payments, the content of the legal positions of the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in terms of determining their nature. The author cites arguments both in favor and as a criticism of existing legal practice and tax-legal regulation.
Inpatient Portals for Hospitalized Patients and Caregivers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kelly Michelle M. , Coller Ryan J. , Hoonakker Peter L.T.
Published: December 2017

Patient portals, web‐based personal health records linked to electronic health records (EHRs), provide patients access to their healthcare information and facilitate communication with providers. Growing evidence supports portal use in ambulatory settings; however, only recently have portals been used with hospitalized patients. Our objective was to review the literature evaluating the design, use, and impact of inpatient portals, which are patient portals designed to give hospitalized patients and caregivers inpatient EHR clinical information for the purpose of engaging them in hospital care. Literature was reviewed from 2006 to 2017 in PubMed, Web of Science, CINALPlus, Cochrane, and Scopus to identify English language studies evaluating patient portals, engagement, and inpatient care. Data were analyzed considering the following 3 themes: inpatient portal design, use and usability, and impact. Of 731 studies, 17 were included, 9 of which were published after 2015. Most studies were qualitative with small samples focusing on inpatient portal design; 1 nonrandomized trial was identified. Studies described hospitalized patients' and caregivers' information needs and design recommendations. Most patient and caregiver participants in included studies were interested in using an inpatient portal, used it when offered, and found it easy to use and/or useful. Evidence supporting the role of inpatient portals in improving patient and caregiver engagement, knowledge, communication, and care quality and safety is limited. Included studies indicated providers had concerns about using inpatient portals; however, the extent to which these concerns have been realized remains unclear. Inpatient portal research is emerging. Further investigation is needed to optimally design inpatient portals to maximize potential benefits for hospitalized patients and caregivers while minimizing unintended consequences for healthcare teams.
Strengths-Based Advising Approaches: Benefits for First-Year Undergraduates
Authors: Soria Krista M. , Laumer Nicole L. , Morrow Dale J. , Marttinen Garrett
Published: December 2017

We explored the benefits of strengths-based academic advising approaches for first-year students (N = 1,228). We used propensity score matching techniques to create matched pairs of students who did and did not engage in strengths-based advising conversations with an advisor. First-year students who experienced strengths-based conversations had significantly higher rates of first-year retention and graduation in 4 years, levels of engagement, and academic self-efficacy than students who did not participate in these conversations. Focus groups of 21 advisors provided insights into strengths-based advising in 3 findings: strengths approaches facilitated advising relationships (thereby supporting students' engagement, retention, and graduation), enhanced students' self-awareness and confidence, and advanced advisors' own personal and professional development (thereby positively influencing student success).
A retrospective pilot study on patients who deteriorated while admitted to a neurovascular ward
Authors: Arulvarathan Charmaine , Ding Yuting
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this pilot study was to collect information on the circumstances of care for neuroscience inpatients who were referred to a rapid response team for recognised deterioration, and to explore the appropriateness of the tools used to collect that information. A quantitative descriptive study design was employed to retrospectively review 30 patient charts from a quaternary centre in Canada. Two nurse reviewers independently collected the data and non-inferential statistics were analysed to provide a broad picture of the characteristics of patients who had deteriorated. The underlying cause of deterioration for the majority of patients was not the result of neurological sequelae, but rather due to secondary medical complications. Aspiration pneumonia was the leading medical complication, followed by sepsis. Patients with central nervous system lesions are at significant risk of aspiration pneumonia, an often-overlooked secondary complication, which requires vigilance in the neuroscience nurse in order to prevent. The tools used to collect this information will require further refining to be useful for a larger, prospective study.
Use of a Canopy Opener in Fungicide Applications to Improve Asian Soybean Rust Control
Authors: Moura Bianca , Cardoso Deuner Carolina , Visintin Gustavo Luiz , Boller Walter
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

In soybeans, the leaves of the upper canopy often act as a shield against fungicide penetration, preventing pesticide deposition on target. Fungicide applications to control Asian soybean rust (ASR) are especially difficult because the infection usually starts on the lower canopy. In this study, soybean plants of an early indeterminate cultivar and a determinate cultivar were sprayed with the fungicide azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr at six different times of the day with or without the addition of a curtain of chains on the spray boom, which acted as a canopy opener. The number of uredia of cm-2 and grain yield were measured to evaluate application efficacy. We found that the use of the curtain of chains reduced ASR control on the upper canopy for the indeterminate cultivar; however, less of a negative effect was observed for the determinate cultivar. The curtain of chains improved ASR control on the lower and middle canopies at more hours of the day for the determinate cultivar. For both cultivars, the curtain of chains increased ASR control at 6:00, 9:00, and 18:00 h on the lower canopy. Grain yield was also higher with the curtain of chains at 6:00 and 9:00 h for the determinate cultivar. Our results showed that using the curtain of chains could improve fungicide droplet deposition on the lower canopy, leading to greater ASR control and possibly increasing yield. However, it is important to consider the plant architecture and hour of application to maximize the benefit of the curtain of chains. Keywords: Canopy opener, Fungicide penetration, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Plant architecture, Spray deposition.
Optimizing Et-Based Irrigation Scheduling for Wheat and Maize with Water Constraints
Authors: Ma Liwang , Qi Zhiming , Shen Yanjun , He Liang , Xu Shouhua , Kisekka Isaya , Sima Matthew , Malone Robert W. , Yu Qiang , Fang Quanxiao
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

Deficit irrigation has been shown to increase crop water use efficiency (WUE) under certain conditions, even though the yield is slightly reduced. In this study, the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) was first calibrated with measured data from a large weighing lysimeter from 1998 to 2003 at the Yucheng Experimental Station in the North China Plain for daily evapotranspiration (ET), soil water storage (0-120 cm), leaf area index (LAI), aboveground biomass, and grain yield. The calibrated model was then used to explore crop responses to ET-based irrigation management using weather data from 1958 to 2015 and identify the most suitable ET-based irrigation schedules for the area. Irrigation amount was determined by constraining irrigation to a percentage of potential crop ET (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% ETc) at the various growth stages of wheat [planting to before winter dormancy (P-D), green up to booting (G-B), booting to flowering (B-F), and flowering to maturity (F-M)] and of maize [planting to silking (P-S) and silking to maturity (S-M)], subject to seasonal water availability limits of 100/50, 200/100, 300/150, and 400/200 mm and no water limit for wheat/maize seasons, respectively. In general, wheat was more responsive to irrigation than maize, while greater influence of weather variation was simulated on maize than on wheat. For wheat with seasonal water limits, the highest average WUE was simulated with the highest targeted ETc levels at both the G-B and B-F stages and lower targeted ETc levels at the P-D and F-M stages. However, the highest average grain yield was simulated with the highest targeted ETc levels at all four growth stages for no water limit and the 400 mm water limit, or at both the G-B and B-F stages for the 300 and 200 mm water limits. For maize, lower targeted ETc levels after silking did not significantly affect maize production due to the high season rainfall, but irrigation of 60% ETc before silking was recommended. These results could be used as guidelines for precision irrigation along with real-time weather information. Keywords: Deficit irrigation, Evapotranspiration, Growth stage, RZWQM, Water use efficiency, Wheat and maize.
An Innovative Fog Catcher System Applied in the Andean Communities of Ecuador
Authors: Carrera-Villacrés David V. , Robalino Iveth Carolina , Rodríguez Fabian F. , Sandoval Washington R. , Hidalgo Deysi L. , Toulkeridis Theofilos
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

Fog catchers have been successfully applied in several countries around the world. In Ecuador, the Galte communities in the Andean region suffer from water deficits because they are located at an altitude higher than 3500 m above sea level. Rainfall in the area is relatively low, about 600 mm per year, with high evapotranspiration of approximately 615.74 mm per year. This study aimed to install fog catchers in Galte in 2014 and 2015 to help meet the communities’ water needs. The fog catcher system was designed to satisfy the irrigation water demand for local agricultural production, mainly maize, based on estimates using the Blaney-Criddle method. Every day throughout the year, each fog catcher collected 5 to 20 L of water per m2 of catcher area. The results indicate that the fog catcher system can meet about 5% of the local water demand for agricultural production. Keywords: Ecuador, Evaporation, Evapotranspiration, Precipitation, Water deficit.
The Impact of Spatial Soil Variability on Simulation of Regional Maize Yield
Authors: Sharda Vaishali , Handyside Cameron , Chaves Bernardo , McNider Richard T. , Hoogenboom Gerrit
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The study of climate variability and its impacts on crop production has become a continuous effort for the scientific community over the past two decades. However, the impact of spatial soil variability along with climatic factors on crop yield remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of soil and climatic variability on maize yield. We used Alabama as a case study because the agriculture is predominantly rainfed and there is a large variability in growing season precipitation due to the influence of climate variability signals such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The cropping system model CERES-Maize of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) was used to simulate growth, development, and grain yield for maize for the top ten maize-producing counties in Alabama under rainfed conditions during dry and wet ENSO years. Maize yield simulations were compared for one prominent agricultural soil in each county, the top three prominent agricultural soils in each county, and spatially distributed SSURGO soils in each county. Simulated yields were then compared with maize yields reported by the National Agricultural Statistical Services (NASS). The simulation results showed that maize yield was impacted by both climate variability and spatial soil variability. Statistical relationships were established between crop yield, yield changes, and soil properties. This simulation study established the clear importance of soil variability in crop-climate impact studies. Keywords: Crop Modeling, DSSAT, Database, Soil properties, Spatial variability.
Production of Glucose Sweetener by Simple Single- Step Hydrolysis of Native Cassava Root Starch
Authors: Aso Sammy N. , Pullammanappallil Pratap C. , Teixeira Arthur A. , Welt Bruce A.
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

In conventional practice, starch is extracted and purified from a native source prior to glucose production using two steps: liquefaction and saccharification. Sequential protocols, liquefaction, and starch extraction and purification necessitate high-energy process conditions, material handling equipment, and other substantial cost inputs. In this work, native starch in ground fresh cassava root pulp and cassava flour was subjected to low-energy, simple single-step enzymatic hydrolysis at 37°C and 60°C for glucose production. Commercial purified cassava starch was similarly treated for comparison. Cassava root pulp reached a maximum of 30% starch conversion to glucose within 4 h of hydrolysis at 60°C and a maximum of 55% conversion within 96 h at 37°C. Cassava flour yielded mixed results, with slightly less conversion than root pulp at 60°C, reaching only 27%, but outperformed root pulp at 37°C, reaching 72% conversion. Purified cassava starch yielded 96% and 100% conversions at 60°C and 37°C, respectively. At 37°C, the reaction rate constants were 0.023 h-1, 0.021 h-1, and 0.025 h-1, respectively, for cassava root pulp, flour, and purified cassava starch, while at 60°C, the reaction rate constants were 0.816 h-1, 1.230 h-1, and 1.102 h-1, respectively. Activation energy for the substrates was similar at 134.6 kJ mol-1 for root pulp, 157.4 kJ mol-1 for flour, and 143.1 kJ mol-1 for purified starch. Keywords: Cassava root, Cassava starch, Enzymes, Glucose, Reaction kinetics, Synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis.
Modeling N Concentration and Uptake for Maize Hybrids under Growth Stage-Based Deficit Irrigations
Authors: Fang Quanxiao , Ma Liwang , Trout Thomas J. , Comas Louise H. , DeJonge Kendall C. , Ahuja Lajpat R. , Sherrod Lucretia A. , Malone Robert W.
Published: December 2017

Abstract.

Current maize hybrids have lower critical aboveground biomass nitrogen (N) concentration (TCNP) and grain N concentration (GNC) compared to older hybrids, but few crop models have incorporated this trend. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative algorithms for calculating TCNP (biomass-based method) and GNC (grain N demand based on N dilution curve) for predicting crop N concentration and N uptake for a current maize hybrid in the CERES-Maize model as implemented in the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM). Experimental data were obtained from a field study on maize irrigated to meet various percentages (40% to 100%) of evapotranspiration demand at both vegetative and reproductive stages in 2012 and 2013 in Greeley, Colorado. The original RZWQM showed little response of aboveground N concentration (AGBNC) to the irrigation treatments and overpredicted GNC in both years. As a result, crop N uptake was generally overpredicted, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 28 to 60 kg N ha-1 for the two years. Adjusted coefficients in the original TCNP and GNC algorithms (RZWQM_ADJ) effectively reduced the overpredicted GNC but with less improvement in response to the irrigation treatments in 2013 compared with the original RZWQM simulations. The RZWQM with modified TCNP and GNC algorithms simulated lower GNC and AGBNC than the original version, significantly improved the responses to the irrigation treatments, and captured the variations in measured GNC among seasons. The corresponding crop N uptake simulations improved more in 2012 than in 2013, with lower RMSE values of 16 to 32 kg N ha-1 than the original and RZWQM_ADJ versions. The better-predicted grain N uptake by the alternative algorithms could be helpful to making better crop N management decisions under different deficit irrigation conditions. Keywords: CERES-Maize, Crop N concentration, Crop N demand, Crop N uptake, Deficit irrigation, Maize hybrid, RZWQM.
The color detection of two cucumber cultivars by NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: KUSUMIYATI KUSUMIYATI , KURNIASARI INDAH , OKTAVIA ADE RISTI
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Kusumiyati, Kurniasari I, Oktavia AR. 2017. The color detection of two cucumber cultivars by NIR Spectroscopy. Asian J Agric 1: 59-65. The color of cucumber fruit can be estimated as fruit quality trait. Genotypes and cultivars affect the color of cucumber fruit. The estimation can be done quickly and without tissue damage by NIR Spectroscopy. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of color quality values with NIR and conventional methods. The experiment was conducted at Horticulture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University in 2013. The color components observed were L, a, b, hue and chroma. The results indicated that the predicted component of cucumber color approximates values obtained from conventional methods. Based on the data obtained, the correlation coefficient (r) of color component approaches 1.00 and the standard calibration error (SEC) is low or close to 0.00.
Competing Visions for a Modern Emirate: The Government Centre of the State of Qatar
Authors: Himes Adam
Published: December 2017

The influx of petroleum revenue brought on by the 1973–74 oil embargo led to a dramatic widening of the scope of modernization efforts in the newly independent emirate of Qatar to include the first physical manifestations of a modern national identity in its capital, Doha. Chief among these efforts was the creation of a ‘New Doha’, the development of which included a design competition for a government centre complex that solicited entries from the offices of Kenzo Tange, James Stirling, The Architects Collaborative, and Günter Behnisch. An analysis of the brief, the government actors involved in the selection of a winner, and the entries themselves reveals conflicting visions of the architectural materialization of the new state. These conflicts encompass not only aesthetics, but also ideas concerning political structure, the relationship between the government and its people, and the audience to whom the architectural project was to be addressed. The choice of winner makes clear the national identity that the Emir aspired to at the time, while its failure to be built highlights the obstacles that remained to be overcome.
El uso de tú y usted en el área metropolitana de Valencia. Un enfoque variacionista
Authors: Rosello Verdeguer Jorge
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio estadístico sobre el uso de las formas de tratamiento en Valencia y su área metropolitana. Tras una breve introducción teórica sobre el tema y la explicación de la metodología utilizada, ofrecemos los resultados en términos porcentuales. Pero, al tratarse de un fenómeno en el que intervienen múltiples factores al mismo tiempo, hemos realizado también un análisis de regresión, que permite ver los resultados cuando todos los factores actúan de manera simultánea. Todas las variables que hemos analizado, salvo la lengua habitual (castellano o valenciano), resultan estadísticamente significativas, si bien las probabilidades de aparición del tuteo son muy altas en el ambiente familiar, sobre todo el más próximo (hijos, hermanos y pareja) y en personas de menor edad al interlocutor. Sin embargo el tuteo se ve frenado por la mayor edad del interlocutor o cuando no existe ningún vínculo entre las personas.
Mentalidade Empreendedora:O Modo de Pensar do Indivíduo Empreendedor
Authors: Schaefer Ricardo , Minello Italo Fernando
Published: December 2017

As problemáticas do mundo contemporâneo demandam sujeitos que atuem como agentes de mudança. Existe um ator essencial nesse processo que ainda carece de maior entendimento no que se refere à sua natureza e desenvolvimento: o indivíduo empreendedor. Dentre os elementos-chave que determinam e explicam o modo de ser e agir empreendedor está o pensamento desse ator, uma dimensão fundamental, mas ainda pouco investigada. Processos que estão na base da estrutura do pensamento, e a partir dos quais a ação pode ser concebida, e em seguida realizada, carecem de um maior entendimento e sua compreensão pode trazer avanços nas pesquisas sobre a atividade empreendedora. Diante desse panorama, esta pesquisa de desenvolvimento teórico tem o objetivo de analisar as diferentes dimensões da mentalidade empreendedora, reunindo e confrontando os principais resultados e entendimentos alcançados sobre o tema. O empreendedorismo tem sido investigado e descrito não mais como uma forma de saber, mas sim como uma forma de ser, e o indivíduo empreendedor como um sujeito que tem uma mentalidade que se manifesta em um comportamento ou ação empreendedora. Resgatando e confrontando o funcionamento dos modelos mentais, das representações empreendedoras e da forma mentis do indivíduo empreendedor,  este estudo descreve como a mentalidade empreendedora estrutura o seu modo de perceber e entender a si e o mundo ao redor, definindo, por consequência, o seu modo de agir por meio da ação empreendedora.
Estilo Cognitivo e as Dimensões do Processo de Estratégia em Micro e Pequenas Empresas
Authors: Pereira Rafael Morais , Borini Felipe Mendes , Fischmann Adalberto Américo
Published: December 2017

O processo da estratégia empresarial apresenta três dimensões: o pensamento lógico ou criativo, a formação deliberada ou emergente e a mudança revolucionária ou evolucionária. Ademais, o estilo cognitivo do estrategista também ganhou ênfase no campo da estratégia, sendo caracterizado pelo padrão individual de processamento de informações. Alinhando a cognição às dimensões do processo estratégico, adotamos como recorte as micro e pequenas empresas, consideradas como organizações empreendedoras. O objetivo geral do artigo foi analisar a relação entre o estilo cognitivo divergente holístico do empreendedor e as três dimensões do processo de estratégia em micro e pequenas e empresas. Adotou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, com coleta de dados a partir de questionário aplicado a uma amostra de 92 micro e pequenas empresas de um município do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados, a partir da análise da modelagem de equações estruturais, demonstraram a relação entre o estilo divergente holístico com o pensamento estratégico do tipo criativo, com a formação estratégica deliberada e com a mudança estratégica de caráter tanto revolucionário quanto evolucionário. Como contribuições, delineamos que, diante de um estilo divergente holístico, o empreendedor assume um pensamento estratégico criativo e preconiza tanto mudanças revolucionárias quanto evolucionárias. Por outro lado, a criatividade, a inovação e a visão holista do estilo em questão não corroboram necessariamente uma formação estratégica emergente, flexível e colaborativa, pelo contrário, se associam a uma formação deliberada sob responsabilidade exclusiva do empreendedor proprietário.
FEATURES ACCUMULATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA (ROSACEAE) DURING THE DAY
Authors: Храмова (Khramova) Елена (Elena) Петровна (Petrovna)
Published: December 2017

Daily changes in the composition and content of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts Potentilla fruticosa L., growing in culture of the Novosibirsk Region, using the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated. Six glycosides of flavonol (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, quercitrin and astragalin), two aglycones (quercetin and kaempferol) and tannins (ellagic acid and its glycoside) were identified. Established that phenolic composition of P. fruticosa is the time of day remains constant. The highest total content of phenolic compounds in the leaves (28–29 mg/g of absolutely dry solid matter) and stems (4–4,5 mg/g) of P. fruticosa found in the evening and at night. In the flowers, in contrast, the maximum content of phenolic compounds was observed in the middle of the day (42 mg/g). The level of variability of the total content of phenolic compounds was evaluated as the lowest for leaves and flowers (СV = 10–11%). It was found a threefold increase in free aglycones - quercetin and kaempferol in the leaves with 3 to 6 o'clock in the morning on the background of reduction of the relevant glycosides in 1,5–2,5 times. Maximum accumulation of glycosides of quercetin and minimum content of free quercetin in flowers was observed at 12 o'clock. It is shown predominant accumulation of ellagic compounds quercitrin, component 10, hyperoside, isoquercitrin and rutin in the leaves in the evening and at night, in the flowers – in the middle of the day. The level of variability content of most of the individual components in the above-ground organs of P. fruticosa during the day was estimated as high (СV ≥ 21%).
THE STUDY OF THE DOMINANT GROUPS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND BIOELEMENTS IN SOME PLANTS OF THE FAMILY ROSACEAE
Authors: Краснов (Krasnov) Ефим (Efim) Авраамович (Avraamovich) , Савельева (Savelyeva) Елена (Elena) Евгеньевна (Evgen'evna) , Рыжакова (Ryzhakova) Надежда (Nadezhda) Кирилловна (Kirillovna) , Решетов (Reshetov) Ярослав (Yaroslav) Евгеньевич (Evgen'evich) , Гатауллина (Gataullina) Альбина (Al'bina) Равильевна (Ravil'evna)
Published: December 2017

To determine the content of the dominant groups of biologically active substances (tannins, polysaccharides, flavonoids) and bioelements in aerial parts of ten species of the Rosaceae family, which grows in Siberia: Potentilla anserina L., P. longifolia Willd., P. canescens Besser, P. bifurca L., P. tergemina Sojak, P. argentea L., P. goldbachii Rupr., P. sericea Dulac., Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. To determine the concentrations of essential and conditionally essential trace elements defined by the method of atomic emission spectroscopy. First identified plants of the genus Potentilla (P. canescens, P. tergemina) and Filipendula (F. ulmaria), accumulate significant quantities of lithium – 14,6, and 11,0 13,3 mg/kg, respectively, making them promising for further studies on the isolation and identification of active substances with the aim of creating innovative drugs. Investigated the content of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, As, Cd), the values of which meets regulatory requirements. Useful properties of the examined species family Rosaceae are determined by the content of biologically active substances (flavonoids, polysaccharides, tannins) and the complex of macro - and micronutrients. It is revealed that a dominant position in the spectrum belongs to the macronutrients potassium, calcium and magnesium (4,300 to 27,000 mg/kg). Among micronutrients the leading role is copper, followed by iron, silicon and manganese having important biological value, in particular, involved in the process of hematopoiesis.
VIBROMAGNETIC EXTRACTION OF HYMATOMELANIC ACIDS FROM SAPROPEL AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR STRUCTURAL AND MOLECULAR COMPOSITION
Authors: Коршиков (Korshikov) Василий (Vasilij) Алексеевич (Alekseevich) , Рыжова (Ryzhova) Галина (Galina) Лазаревна (Lazarevna) , Дычко (Dychko) Константин (Konstantin) Александрович (Aleksandrovich)
Published: December 2017

The aim of this investigation was to study the influence of vibromagnetic extraction on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the hymatomelanic acids (HMA) obtained from the sapropel of Karasevoye lake (Russia, Tomsk Region, Chazhemto). HMA were extracted using two methods: continuous mechanical stirring and vibromagnetic extraction. It is reported that the use of vibromagnetic extraction increases the yield of HMA in 2.62 times. Functional composition of the HMA, obtained from sapropel by vibromagnetic extraction, was characterized using thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy. It has been revealed that content of aliphatic fragments prevails in the structure of the HMA over content of condensed fragments. It has been shown that aliphatic fragments of HMA comprises an increased quantity of carboxyl groups. GC-MS method was used to determine content of carboxylic acids in the composition of the HMA fractions, extracted by various methods. It is reported that HMA of sapropel obtained by vibromagnetic extraction comprises 9 carboxylic acids, and their total content is 1.8 times higher compared to HMA obtained by continuous mechanical stirring. An information obtained during this investigation can be further used to create cosmetic and therapeutic products based on sapropel, and analytical methods for controlling production of such products.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEME FOR THE PREPARATION COMPLEX OF ZINC WITH DIHY-DROQUERCETIN
Authors: Столповская (Stolpovskaya) Елена (Elena) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) , Трофимова (Trofimova) Наталья (Natal'ja) Николаевна (Nikolaevna) , Малков (Malkov) Юрий (Yurij) Алексеевич (Alekseevich) , Бабкин (Babkin) Василий (Vasilij) Анатольевич (Anatol'evich)
Published: December 2017

The urgency of developing the technology for obtaining a complex of zinc with Dihydroquercetin is due to the revealed high antiradical, antioxidant, antiviral activity of the complex compound and wound healing effect of the original pharmaceutical composition developed on its basis.The aim of the study is to optimize the complexation of Dihydroquercetin with Zn2+ ions in aqueous solution to develop a technological scheme for producing the complex. Previously the reaction parameters for the development of a laboratory scheme for obtaining a complex were determined. An tenfold increase of the volume of the reaction solution (from 50 to 500 ml) led to a decrease in the yield of the product, and the task was to correct some reaction parameters to increase the yield of the complex.It was established that the increase of the reaction time from 15 to 240 min and the concentration of DHQ in the reaction solution from 0,05 to 0,1 M, while maintaining the previously optimized reaction parameters - the molar ratio of the initial reagents Zn2+ : DKB = 2 : 1, pH 5,6, are increasing the yield of the complex from 12 to 84%. The correspondence between the structures of the complex and of the compound obtained earlier in small volumes have been confirmed by the data IR, 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.The conducted research will promote the fuller use of extractive substances of larch wood for the creation of new medicines with antioxidant properties for the treatment of various diseases.
Methods for choice of model in descriptive time se-ries : A review with example
Authors: Enegesele Dennis , Iwueze Ifeanyi , Ijomah Maxwell , Owolabi Taiwo
Published: December 2017

This paper is a review of existing methods with illustrative examples for choice of model in descriptive time series. The methods reviewed are three graphical methods, X-12 ARIMA method and the method of seasonal differences and quotients. For each method, the same illustrative example and simulated data were used to demonstrate each method. The results obtained from the various methods using simulated additive and multiplicative series show that the various methods identified correctly the appropriate model for decomposition. Also, applying the various methods to quarterly sales of petroleum products from 2004-2013, the result reviewed that the appropriated model for decomposition of the series is the multiplicative model.
Relationship between photosynthetically active radiation with global solar radiation using empirical model over selected climatic zones in Nigeria
Authors: Chukwujindu Nwokolo Samuel , Julie C. Ogbulezie , Alwell John-Jaja Sylvia
Published: December 2017

In this study, relationship between photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and global solar radiation (H) over selected climatic zones in Nigeria using 22-years data (July 1983 â€“ June 2005) was analysed. Empirical model was employed as the baseline for theoretical formulation and estimation of the ratio of PAR/H over climatic zones in Nigeria. From the estimated values, the seasonal PAR/H ranged from 1.946-2.005, 1.909-1.955, 1.968-2.039, 1.987-2.060, 1.961-2.041, 1.928-1.984 and 1.946-2.005 in rainy season, and the high values were due to low influence from clearness index, harmattan dust and pyrogenic aerosols from regional biomass burning compared with 1.906-1.923, 1.905-1.917, 1.927-1.952, 1.950-1.999, 1.971-1.985 and 1.889-1.923 recorded in dry season as a result of combined high influence from cloudiness, pyogenic aerosols and harmattan dust with annual mean values of 1.943, 1.921, 1.975, 2.007, 1.986 and 1.936 for Ilorin, Sokoto, Abeokuta, Port Harcourt, Enugu and Gusau respectively. The annual ratio of PAR/H revealed that there is an evidence increase of the values from North-East (Gusau) to South-South (Port Harcourt). These variations were mainly due to trends in cloudiness and associated atmospheric moisture with the movement of the Hadley cell circulation system along the equatorial line. From the analysed results, the model was found suitable and meteorologically reliable to estimate PAR/H accurately from commonly available H data when compared with results within and beyond tropical locations in Nigeria.