bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interest rate liberalization and debt risk in China
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Song Yuxuan , Gao Yan ,   Jining Medical University
Published: July 2023

Interest rate liberalization, which will have a multi-impact on the economy in the process of marketization, especially on the macro-debt market, is a requirement to develop the market economy. It is a current important economic topic that the risk control of the macro-debt market is related to the healthy degree of the economic de-velopment after the debt financing leverage turns to assets investment, and the study around these contents should be a cause for concern. As an important component of deepening financial reforms, the effect of interest rate liberalization on owners’ opera-tions and management behavior of a micro-enterprise is prominent; on the other hand, the continuous climbing debt risk of local government will affect the financial deci-sions and implementation effect of enterprises by spillover effect. We made an empir-ical research on the extent of interest rate liberalization in China integrating relevant modes with the statistical data of PBC and our nation. Research on the reform in the Chinese financial market showed that prompting the reform of interest rate liberaliza-tion can obviously increase enterprises’ financing capabilities which will be restrained by the aggravation of the local government’s debt risk, and the significant enhance-ment of it enhances the impetus to enterprises’ financing capabilities from interest rate liberalization.
Metaphors in Italian and Croatian compounds
Authors: Peša Matracki Ivica , Šunjić Vice
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the metaphorical NN and NA/AN compounds in the Italian and Croatian language are described using the contrastive method. A narrow semantic corpus analysis is performed using the generative lexical models, and the metaphorical meanings are shown in the framework of cognitive linguistics.
Gli equivalenti del gerundio italiano e francese in macedone
Authors: Ivanovska-Naskova Ruska , Hadži-Lega Hristoska Joana
Published: July 2023

Il contributo si focalizza su uno dei modi non finiti dei sistemi verbali dell’italiano, del francese e del macedone – il gerundio. Benché tutte e tre le lingue presentino il gerundio, ci sono delle differenze tra i sistemi verbali in questione. L’articolo mira a identificare alcuni aspetti convergenti e divergenti tra i tre sistemi esaminando gli equivalenti macedoni del gerundio italiano e francese in alcuni tipi di subordinate avverbiali. L’analisi contrastiva è basata su coppie di esempi tratti da opere letterarie italiane e francesi con le rispettive traduzioni in macedone. I risultati dell’analisi suggeriscono che in alcuni casi il gerundio viene tradotto in macedone con lo stesso modo, ma in altri casi, per vari motivi, l’equivalente è una frase subordinata con un verbo di modo finito o un’altra struttura. Il contributo verte anche sulle implicazioni glottodidattiche delle asimmetrie rilevate tra le lingue.
Proprietà morfosintattiche delle costruzioni causative in italiano e delle costruzioni corrispondenti in croato
Authors: Peša Matracki Ivica
Published: July 2023

Le costruzioni causative o fattitive in italiano sono formate da un verbo reggente (fare, lasciare) e l’infinito. Il verbo reggente modifica il significato dell’infinito indicando un’azione causata dal soggetto/argomento esterno, ma non compiuta direttamente da esso. Il croato non possiede gli stessi mezzi morfosintattici per esprimere costruzioni causative visto che l’azione causatrice e il suo effetto non costituiscono lo stesso grado di integrazione sintattico-semantica.
Gli effetti del contatto croato-italiano nelle produzioni di un bambino bilingue
Authors: Angster Marco , Batinić Angster Mia
Published: July 2023

In questo contributo viene considerato il mescolamento di codice e il transfer nelle produzioni di un bambino bilingue nel periodo tra 3 e 5 anni. Analizzeremo i dati del diario tenuto in questo periodo dai genitori. Uno degli effetti della presenza e quindi del contatto di due lingue nella mente di un bambino bilingue è il mescolamento di codice. Nel presente studio vengono esaminati esempi del mescolamento di croato e italiano all’interno delle frasi nonché all’interno delle parole osservato nelle produzioni del bambino. I dati smentiscono alcuni dei vincoli del mescolamento proposti da alcuni linguisti (es. Poplack 1980; Sankoff/Poplack 1981; Belazi et al. 1994). Un altro importante effetto sotto esame è il trasferimento delle regole di una lingua nelle produzioni nell’altra lingua.
Non-invasive brain stimulation for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders and for improving physical performance: protocol of umbrella reviews
Authors: Shirahige Lívia , Baptista Abrahão , Sá Kátia Nunes , Baltar Adriana , Marques Déborah , Carneiro Maíra Souza , Brito Rodrigo , Tanaka Clarice , Oda Adriana Leico , Okano Alexandre , Brunoni André , Monte-Silva Kátia , Working Group NAPeN
Published: July 2023

Background: With the increasing meta-analysis studies of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) a major review has become a logical step to provide evidence to support decision-makers. Objective: Umbrella reviews of the Working-Group of NAPeN Network (a Brazilian scientific network for NIBS development) will summarize the results of existing evidence in meta-analysis with focus on NIBS techniques applied for clinical settings, exercise and sports science. Methods and materials:  Firstly, a screening was performed to identify meta-analysis in which NIBS were applied to neurological and psychiatric disorders and healthy subjects. A second literature search was conducted in the Pubmed using a PICO-question for each population and NIBS techniques found in the first search. Methodological quality and certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 and GRADE framework, respectively. Partial results: After the first search, we found meta-analyses including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, applied in populations with neurological (cerebral palsy, chronic pain, dementia, epilepsy, essential tremor, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, tinnitus, tourette syndrome, and stroke) and psychiatric disorders (anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity, autism spectrum, obsessive-compulsive and post-traumatic stress disorders, schizophrenia, craving/addiction and depression), and in healthy subjects. A total of 118 meta-analyses will be included in the qualitative review. The results of evidence were identified in the outcomes of six umbrella reviews. Conclusion:  Evidence of therapeutic and nontherapeutic use of NIBS techniques will support experts to produce consensus statements and assist professionals in making decisions of incorporating or not NIBS into clinical practice.
Femoral cortical excitability differs between people with knee osteoarthritis and healthy controls: a pilot study
Authors: Castro Kamyle Villa-Flor , Duarte-Moreira Rafael Jardim , Luz-Santos Cleber , Cavalcanti João , Noronha Diana , Camatti Janine Ribeiro , Sá Katia Nunes , Okano Alexandre , Lee Michael , Baptista Abrahão Fontes
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with changes in corticospinal and intracortical excitability which may be due to persistent pain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cortical excitability profile of the femoral quadriceps in people with knee OA and healthy volunteers. METHODS: Cortical excitability was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 7 participants with knee OA and 6 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The motor evoked potential (MEP), cortical silent period (CSP), short intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) were measured using standard single pulse and paired-pulse TMS techniques. Data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test considering alpha <0.05. RESULTS: Participants with knee OA demonstrated reduced MEP amplitude in the RF and VM muscles and augmented MEP amplitude in the VL muscle. SICI was reduced only in the RF and ICF was reduced in the VM and VL. CSP was reduced in all muscles. CONCLUSION: People with knee OA exhibit altered corticospinal and intracortical excitability profile in specific portions of the quadriceps muscle. This suggests a possible adaptive strategy to maintain quadriceps motor activity.
A practical guide to the evaluation of the functional integrity of the corticospinal tract by transcranial magnetic stimulation in post-stroke patients
Authors: Albuquerque Rhayssa Muniz , Antonino Gabriel Barreto , Do Nascimento Ana Cecília Ribeiro , De Lima Bárbara Sousa Neves , Lima Fernanda Albuquerque , De Melo Daniel Gomes , Araújo Camilla Santos , Guerra Sérgio Vitor Carvalho , Brito Rodrigo de Mattos , Machado Kátia Karina do Monte Silva
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be a particularly useful tool to assess the integrity of corticospinal tract (CST) in post-stroke patients, based on the motor evoked potential (MEP) of which we can determine the extent of brain damage and predict motor recovery after brain injuries. OBJECTIVE: To provide a practical guide to assess the functional integrity of the CST in the hand area of primary motor cortex (Hand-M1) using single-pulse TMS. RESULTS: A step by step procedure should be initiated with markings to find C3 or C4 from the 10-20 system, depending on which hemisphere is damaged, with the proper coil positioning at a 45° angle for we to properly find the MEP navigating from the original point. If no potentials are evoked at rest condition, MEP should be searched during a slight tonic contraction of the target muscle. If no voluntary movement can be produced in the affected muscles, facilitated MEPs should be searched with an isometric recruitment of the contralateral homologous target muscles. MEP will be considered absent if no visible muscle contraction is identified after the pulse. In addition, we can perform MEP search with electromyographic recordings for a peak-to-peak signal analysis. CONCLUSION: We can use this practical guide to assess the functional integrity of CST in Hand-M1 with single pulse TMS to consider a present or absent MEP and determine the extent of brain damage and predict a possible motor recovery after stroke.
Mathematical Modeling of Antihypertensive Therapy with Azilsartan Medoxomil on the Example of Clinical Data of a Real Patient
Authors: Borodulina A.D. , Kutumova E.O. , Lifshits G.I. , Kolpakov F.A.
Published: July 2023

Hypertension is a pathology caused by increased systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure. The disease can be controlled by various antihypertensive drugs. This study simulates the response of the human cardiovascular and renal systems to the action of the angiotensin II receptor blocker azilsartan medoxomil, taking into account dual combinations of this drug with the thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide, the $upbeta$-blocker bisoprolol and the calcium channel blocker amlodipine. For this purpose, we consider an agent-based mathematical model of blood pressure regulation, previously developed in the BioUML software and including pharmacodynamic functions for hydrochlorothiazide, bisoprolol, and amlodipine. To simulate the effect of azilsartan, we extended the model with a dose-dependent constant that reduces the rate of binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors in accordance with the pharmacological action of the drug. The identification of this constant was carried out on the basis of known clinical trials of azilsartan. The model was tested on a population of virtual patients (equilibrium parametrizations of the model within the specified physiological constraints) with uncomplicated hypertension and uniformly distributed values of systolic/diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. Then, a methodological issue of adapting the model to the clinical parameters of a real patient was considered.
Comparison of different technologies using organic acid and mineral acid solvents on pectin extraction from apple pomace
Authors:   ITMO University, Gebremeskal Yemane H. , Nadtochii Liudmila A. ,   St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University, Duangkaew Panida ,   Silpakorn University
Published: July 2023

Pectin is one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, which is extensively used in food, biotechnological, chemical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Pectin can be suitably extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. In this study, pectin obtained from microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and conventional extraction (CE) were compared in terms of extraction yield, extraction time and extraction temperature. The type of acids namely organic acids and mineral acids were also compared, in which pectin from apple pomace was extracted using different concentration of organic acid (citric acid, 0.1 M and 0.05 M) and mineral acid (hydrochloric acid, 0.1 M and 0.05 M). The best extraction condition of the extraction process was found to be higher in yield by using citric acid at microwave power of 180 W, solid-to-liquid ratio of (1:25), concentration of citric acid of 0.1 M for 90 s. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of pectin reached 19.1 ± 0.2%, methoxyl content (5.27%), anhydroglacturonic acid (43.38%) and degree of esterification (68.97%). The current work showed that critic acid is a ‘green’ and safe acidic solvent that could be used to extract pectin from apple pomace that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. The microwave Assisted extraction method is considered to be a potential alternative conventional (traditional) extraction method. The obtained data undertakes that apple pomace obtained by the green extraction has a great potential to be a valuable source of pectin, while preserving similar quality to conventional sources of pectin.
Meaningful Learning and Mathematical Modelling - Contributions to Dealing with Business Problem Situations in Higher Education
Authors: Fontana Arrigo , Groenwald Claudia Lisete Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Background: Applying mathematical modelling in problem situations shows the possibility of observation of the existing meaningful learning as a learning environment for the construction of knowledge with problems situations of the professional daily life of students enrolled in the subject Operational Research of Fisul College Administration Course, at Serra Gaúcha, Rio Grande do Sul. Objectives: To elaborate, construct, and study a mathematical model that describes and/or explains these living situations in a professional routine integrated into the meaningful learning theory. Design: Qualitative research, based on the meaningful learning theory, in the operational research with the assistance of Solver and mathematical modelling. Setting and participants: The research was carried out in two classes of 24 students who attended the subject Operational Research in Higher Education. Data collection and analysis: The research was developed in five stages: Diagnostic Probing, Advanced Organizers, Evaluative Instrument, Modelling of Operational Research Problems, and Closure Activities. Results: Most students have evidence of the presence of subsumers in the activities developed, inserting concepts related to management, where they are related to the Business Administration course. Conclusions: The results revealed evidence of the Administrator’s professional conditions, such as the ability to recognise and define problems, introduce changes in the productive process, where the problems originated, and traces of construction of knowledge itself were perceived.
Comparative assessment of the exosomal tumor-associated microRNA levels in blood plasma and ascitic fluid in ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Dzhugashvili E. I. , Yunusova N. V. , Yalovaya A. I. , Grigorieva A. E. , Sereda E. E. , Kolomiets L. A. , Tamkovich S. N.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system with a high mortality rate. Currently used tumor markers of this pathology do not have high sensitivity and specificity. In this regard, promising areas of molecular oncology are the study of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis of OC and the search for new biomarkers of liquid biopsy for early non-invasive diagnosis of neoplasms. It is known that tumor cells actively secrete exosomes into the extracellular space, which include biologically active molecules involved in carcinogenesis and claiming to be diagnostic markers. It was previously shown that microRNA-24 (miR-24) and microRNA-101 (miR-101) are transported as part of exosomes in OC and are involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix, stromal remodeling, angiogenesis, and cancer cell motility.

Aim. To evaluate the representation and diagnostic significance of miR-24 and miR-101 in plasma exosomes and ascitic fluid of OC patients.

Materials and methods. The study included blood and ascitic fluid samples from OC patients (n = 20) and blood samples from healthy women (n = 19). The exosomal nature of the vesicles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, nanotracing analysis, and flow cytometry. After isolation of exosomal RNA, the relative level of miRNA was determined using reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results. The highest concentration of exosomes was found in the ascitic fluid of OC patients, while the concentration of exosomes in the blood plasma of these patients was significantly higher than in healthy women. Relative levels of miR-24 and miR-101 in exosomes of blood plasma of healthy women were significantly higher than in exosomes of blood plasma and ascitic fluid of OC patients; at the same time, the levels of these miRNAs in exosomes of plasma and ascitic fluid of patients did not differ significantly.

Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the promise of exosomal miR-101 and miR-24 for the diagnosis of OC by liquid biopsy.
Immunotherapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: current view and future directions
Authors: Boichuk S. V. , Abduraeva S. A. , Kopnin P. B.
Published: July 2023

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are most common mesenchymal tumors in gastrointestinal tract which originate from interstitial cells of Cajal and characterized by the mutations in the KIT or PDGFRA tyrosine kinase receptors. Thus, the common therapeutic approach for GIST therapy (including metastatic, recurrent and non-resectable forms) is based on inhibiton of activities of receptor tyrosine kinases indicated above by corresponding receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including first-line therapeutic agent imatinib mesylate – Gleevec. Despite of high efficacy of IM-based therapy, most of GIST patients acquire resistance to this receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which in turn requires second-, third- and fourth-line therapies. The review also describes the common molecular and genetic variants of GIST and the mechanisms of primary and secondary GIST resistance to the targeted-based therapies. In addition, the role of immune microenvironment in GIST and its relationship with tumor’s mutational burden are discussed in detail, thereby illustrating the immunotherapy as one of the attractive future directions for GIST therapy. Lastly, the manuscript provides the information about the ongoing clinical trials of GIST immunotherapy.
Mechanisms of action of plant polyphenols on the initiation of carcinogenesis
Authors: Lyubitelev A. V. , Sivkina A. L. , Vlasova O. A. , Belitsky G. A. , Studitsky V. M.
Published: July 2023

Genetic apparatus of human cells is constantly affected by a broad spectrum of mutagenic factors, both exogenous and endogenous. Genetic and epigenetic disorders, which emerge as a result of this influence, become the main cause of the majority of malignant neoplasias. Several different approaches were proposed to prevent these disorders, including the suppression of the activity of mutagenic factors by treatment with certain chemical compounds. Plant polyphenols are promising candidates for the development of chemopreventive drugs, as they exert the ability to regulate the metabolic activation of procarcinogens and modulate the cellular oxidative stress. In the present review, classification of plant phenolic compounds and their interactions  with biological macromolecules are described, along with the molecular mechanisms of their influence on the enzymes and regulatory pathways of phase I xenobiotic metabolism, and the prevention of oxidative stress. Interactions between natural polyphenols and patient’s microbiota is also described.
The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of exosomal proteins in breast cancer
Authors: Shefer A. A. , Frik Ya. A. , Tamkovich S. N.
Published: July 2023

Exosomes are membrane vesicles 30–150 nm in size released by cells upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. A distinctive feature of these vesicles is the presence of the surface tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81. The Rab family of small GTPases, including Rab27A and Rab27B, controls various steps in exosome release, including transport of multivesicular bodies and fusion of the multivesicular body to the plasma membrane. It is commonly accepted to date that exosomes are the main carriers of information between cells under physiological conditions, such as mammary development and lactation, and under pathological conditions, such as breast cancer. This review considers the peculiarities of exosome formation, secretion and transport, their composition and role in normal and breast cancer, as well as the prospects for using these vesicles to develop early non-invasive diagnostics and improve the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapy.
Cell-free plasma miRNAs analysis for low invasive lung cancer diagnostics
Authors: Konoshenko M. Yu. , Laktionov P. P. , Lancuhaj Yu. A. , Pak S. V. , Krasilnikov S. E. , Bryzgunova O. E.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The high mortality rate in patients with lung cancer (LC) is due to the lack of highly sensitive diagnostic markers of this disease. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in tumor cells, for example, aberrant microRNA expression, can be proposed. It is known that extracellular/circulating microRNA of biological fluids, in complexes with proteins, or packaged in extracellular vesicles is of interest for the diagnosis of tumor diseases.

Aim. To perform a comparative analysis of miRNA expression in plasma and plasma extracellular vesicles of LC patients and healthy donors. Based on the obtained results, to propose a diagnostic panel to identify patients with LC.

Materials and methods. Blood plasma was obtained from blood samples of healthy donors and LC patients by sequential centrifugation.  Then, a fraction of extracellular vesicles (40–150 nm in size) was isolated from a part of the obtained plasma supernatant by the method of aggregation-precipitation with polyethylene glycol/blue dextran. MicroRNAs were isolated from both blood plasma fractions of patients and healthy donors using guanidine isothiocyanate and octanoic acid. Expression of 17 miRNAs most characteristic for the development of LC according to our and literature data in the above-mentioned blood plasma fractions was analyzed by stem-loop reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results. 29 and 10 miRNA pairs were differentially expressed in plasma extracellular vesicles and plasma of lung cancer patients and donors. Thus, plasma extracellular vesicles are characterized by greater potential as a source for miRNA based lung cancer diagnostic panels in comparison with blood plasma. Diagnostic algorithm based on aberrant miRNA expression of 8 different miRNAs (miRNA-30e, -1, -125b, -133, -222, -374, -425, -660) composed in 6 pairs was designed. This algorithm allows to diagnose 100 % of patients with lung cancer stages II–IV.

Conclusion. Extracellular plasma vesicles represent a promising source of diagnostically significant microRNAs compared to plasma microRNAs. For the diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer with 100 % sensitivity and specificity, a panel of 8 microRNAs (6 miRNA pairs) was proposed.
Isolated contralateral adrenal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: A rare presentation and review of literature
Authors: N Buchade , RS Kanaka , JG Gajagowni
Published: July 2023

Renal cell carcinoma is an aggressive tumour with high metastatic potential. It is known for haematogenous metastasis to any part of the body.Ipsilateral adrenal gland is involved by direct spread or haematogenously in 2-10% of patients but contralateral adrenal gland metastasis is extremely rare and accounts for 0.19% of cases. A case of isolated contralateral adrenal metastasis in a patient with renal cell carcinoma is discussed. Keywords:renal cell carcinoma; adrenal gland metastasis; isolated; contralateral
Tubercular cold abscess of scapula: A rare presentation
Authors: V Quadri , Y Srinivas , K Srinivas
Published: July 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is a very common cause of morbidity and mortality as an infectious disease in endemic areas. Only 18 cases of scapular TB have been reported in the literature so far. In this case report, a patient was reported with tuberculosis of scapula without other typical manifestations of TB. A 54-year-old male presented with a painful progressive swelling of the left scapula for the past 6 months. The swelling was insidious in onset and progressed gradually and associated with a low grade intermittent fever. There were associated constitutional symptoms such as loss of appetite, loss of weight and non-productive cough. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)levels were elevated and Mantoux test was positive. A plain radiograph of the chest was done which is normal. MRI findings were suggestive of Koch’s pathology. Incision and drainage of the swelling was undertaken which resulted in evacuation of copious amount of pus. Pus for TB culture revealed no growth of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) after 6 weeks. Final report of AFB fluorescent culture revealed growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The patient was started on ATT regimen. On one year follow up, he is completely asymptomatic with ESR levels and total leukocyte count being within normal limits. Tuberculosis of the scapula is a rare presentation.Tubercular cold abscess should also be kept in mind when a person from a TB endemic area, presents with painful swelling of scapula with or without the associated constitutional symptoms of TB. Keywords: tuberculosis;tubercular cold abscess; scapula
Sickle cell disease in pregnancy
Authors: T Neelima , S Rathore
Published: July 2023

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group ofinheritedsingle gene autosomal recessive disorder caused by single gene, which affects haemoglobin structure. SCD has its origin in sub-Saharan Africa and Middle East, hence it is most common in people of African descent, as well as in the Caribbean, Middle East, parts of India, South and Central America. Sickle cell anemia in pregnancy need to be addressed and has to be managed by both obstetric team and haematologist in co-ordination. Preconceptional counseling plays a key role in decreasing maternal and fetal complications in sickle cell anemia in pregnancy. Keywords: sickle cell disease; pregnancy; preconceptional counseling; haemoglobinopathy
A rare case of urosepsis in pregnancy
Authors: R Manjula , G Usha , K Panchampreet , P Jahnavi
Published: July 2023

Urinary infections are common during pregnancy, affecting 10-15% of women and the infection is recurrent in up to 10% of women. The development of a renal abscess secondary to acute pyelonephritis is uncommon during pregnancy. Acute pyelonephritis complicates 1-2% of pregnancies. Severe manifestations like sepsis occur in neglected cases. Profound hypoglycemia is typically a late phenomenon in patients with severe bacterial septicemia which is a rare complication in urosepsis. A case of urosepsis with profound hypoglycemia in pregnancy which was almost fatal for the mother but recovered with prompt recognition and treatment is reported here. Keywords: urosepsis; pyelonephritis; renal abscess; hypoglycemia
Resistance pattern of enterococcal isolates, phenotypic characterization of vancomycin resistant isolates from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: PL Kakarla , AK Bilolikar
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Enterococci cause a multitude of infections and emergence of vancomycin resistance is of special concern, as it is the primary alternative drug to penicillin for treating Enterococcal infections. Objectives: The present study was taken up to know the species predominance, resistance pattern and various phenotypes of vancomycin resistant Enterococci in a tertiary care hospital in south India. Material & Methods: The Data collected from the department of Microbiology at Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad from January 2012 to December 2015 was retrospectively analysed. 226 Enterococci were speciated, antibiograms were analyzed and phenotyping of VRE was done based on standard guidelines. Results & discussion: The predominant species was found to be E. faecalis (51.3%) followed by E. faecium (43.3%), E. gallinarum (2.2%), E. durans (1.32%), E. casseliflavus (0.88%) and E. raffinosus (0.88). E. faecalis showed less resistance (30.39%) to antimicrobials than E. faecium (50.64%). The resistance pattern was less in out-patient samples when compared to in-patient samples. Vancomycin resistant Enterococci were 13(5.75%), all isolated from inpatients. Among the 13 isolates, 6(46.15%) were VanA, 4(30.76%) were VanB and 3(23.07%) were VanC phenotypes. VanC phenotype was observed in E. casseliflavus and E. gallinarum due to intrinsic resistance. Conclusion: The species predominance of E. faecalis and E. faecium reflects the change in recent decade. Drug resistance pattern and phenotyping is correlating with other studies, VanA being the commonest. Monitoring for vancomycin resistant Enterococci is critical in hospital infection control and for effective treatment. Keywords: phenotyping; antibiogram; vancomycin-resistant Enterococci; infection control
A rare case of non-tuberculous mastitis
Authors: L Sarma , A Qureshi , KAM Chilana , N Putti
Published: July 2023

A 15-year-old girl presented with left breast lump with purulent discharge. During the last three months she lost 4 kg weight. There was evening rise of temperature which was not associated with joint pains or chills. She had received three courses of antibiotics earlier in the other healthcare center, with no response. Ultrasound scan showed multiple cutaneous sinuses and FNA report findings were suggestive of chronic granulomatous mastitis. As the patient was not responding to multiple antibiotics courses, HRZE (Anti Tubercular Treatment, ATT) was started. But after three months of ATT she developed multiple sinus tracts filled with fluid and with superficial ulcerations, which was aspirated, sent for analysis and oral Moxifloxacin 400 mg was added. DNA based line probe assay detected Non Tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) and was referred for NTM species identification. Molecular genetics assay identified Mycobacterium chelonae/ Mycobacterium immunogenum species and HRZE regimen was stopped. Patient was started on oral clarithromycin, linezolid according to sensitivity report. She responded well and repeat ultrasound scan showed significant resolution of the sinus and there was no discharge. NTM should be considered for breast infections that recur despite standard antibiotic therapy or ATT. Keywords: nontuberculous mastitis; anti tubercular therapy; antibiotics; young female
SINIF İKLİMİ VE TUTUMUN İNGİLİZCE DERS BAŞARISI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: YABANCI DİL AĞIRLIKLI BEŞİNCİ SINIF ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Hamurcu G. Candan , Orman Pınar
Published: July 2023

Bu araştırmada Yabancı Dil Ağırlıklı 5. Sınıf İngilizce Öğretim Programında öğrenci başarısının sınıf iklimi ve İngilizce tutumu ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 566 ortaokul öğrencisi uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri elektronik formlar aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin İngilizce başarıları birinci dönem İngilizce ortalamaları temel alınarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın yordayıcı değişkenleri sınıf iklimi ve İngilizce tutumu olarak belirlenmiştir. Fraser (1983) tarafından geliştirilen “Sınıf İklimi Ölçeği Kısa Formu” Gezer ve Şahin (2016) tarafından uyarlanmıştır, ölçeğin genelinin Crombach’s Alpha güvenrilik katsayısı 0,845 olarak hesaplanmıştır. “İlköğretim İngilizce Dersine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği”, Baş (2012) tarafından hazırlanmış ölçeğin genelinin Crombach’s Alpha güvenrilik katsayısı 0,889 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra veriler çoklu regresyon analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuçlar, sınıf iklimi faktörünün yabancı dil ağırlıklı beşinci sınıf öğretim programında İngilizce ders başarısının anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olmadığını göstermiştir. Araştırmada İngilizce tutumu ile İngilizce ders başarısı arasında pozitif yönlü düşük düzeyli anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiş, İngilizce tutum ölçeğinin duyarlılık boyutunun, İngilizce ders başarısının anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırmanın bulgularına göre İngilizce tutumu İngilizce başarısını anlamlı şekilde yordarken, sınıf iklimi ve cinsiyet İngilizce ders başarısını anlamlı şekilde yordamamıştır.
METAPHORICAL PERCEPTIONS OF CONSERVATORY STUDENTS ON FOLK MUSIC
Authors: Çelik Sibel , Demirel Serkan
Published: July 2023

Metaphors are frequently used expressions in music and are essential for determining people's perceptions of music. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze conservatory students' perceptions of folk music as a study in which the concepts of metaphor and music come together. The study group for the data consists of 82 conservatory students studying at Dicle University in the 2021-2022 academic year. The researchers collected data on conservatory students' perceptions of folk music using the phenomenological analysis method. These data were then interpreted through content analysis. According to the study results, the most common metaphors of participants’ perceptions of folk music were life, past, history, Anatolia, sadness, mother's lap, and nightingale. In this context, conservatory students' folk music metaphors were grouped under 12 different categories such as tool, guide, belonging, pleasure, need, cultural transfer tool, reflection, closeness, serenity, diversity, abstraction and concretization. Conservatory students' folk music metaphors differ from each other to a certain extent. These findings contribute to determine conservatory students' perceptions of folk music and providing better music education. Different perceptions can help music students evaluate folk music diverse perspective and better understand cultural heritage. This may lead to positive results regarding folk music education.
Горы Цукуба и Ёсино в традиции странствий японских паломников
Authors: Кужель Юрий Леонидович
Published: July 2023

Статья позволяет понять, насколько многогранен мир японского паломничества и что побуждало «вечных странников» к передвижениям по стране и подъему на горы Цукуба и Ёсино, в культе которых переплелись мифологические, религиозные, эстетические элементы и народные верования. Кроме того, дает представление о разнообразии знаковых мест утамакура, которые формируют природно-ландшафтный код Японии. Почитание священных реликвий, прикосновение к жизни святых сопровождалось духовным совершенствованием пилигримов. Привлечение разнообразного материала, включающего объекты природного мира, горы Цукуба и Ёсино, описание расположенных там синто-буддийских артефактов, ритуалов, которые сопровождают многочисленные местные праздники, а также знакомство с медитативной практикой паломников и отшельников в горах — все это раздвигает рамки научного познания. Уникальный культ синкретического взаимодействия традиционного мировоззрения синто, заимствованного буддизма и практика горного подвижничества сюгэндо: принесли горам известность. Сделаны выводы, что посещение памятных мест, освященных вековыми молениями и обладающих сакральным смыслом, есть восхождение к истокам, свойственное духовной культуре Японии. Встав на путь, странники ощущали себя между повседневным, привычным миром и новым, открывающим встречу с объектами паломничества, что наполняло смыслом их хождения. Исследование подтверждает почти сакральную привязанность паломников и странствующих поэтов к горам Цукуба и Ёсино как к значимым в японской культуре локусам, которые воспеты еще на заре становления национальной поэзии и стали важными в традиции хождений и подвижничества.　
Шагаа в современной праздничной культуре тувинцев (по результатам опроса)
Authors: Сувандии Надежда Дарыевна
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматривается значение традиционного праздника Шагаа (празднования Нового года по лунному календарю) в культуре тувинцев, проживающих в сельской местности и в городе. Источником анализа выступают результаты массового опроса среди тувинцев, проведенного в 2021 г. методом интернет-анкетирования, охватившего 870 человек.

Описывается один из примеров последнего семейного празднования Шагаа у тувинцев в 1940-х гг. накануне его запрета советскими властями. И отмечаются особенности современного празднования, в котором появились формы (семейный, общественный, коллективный). Представляются мнения опрошенных тувинцев о важности праздника, о том, как они его отмечают и зачем. Подчеркивается, что информированность тувинцев о Шагаа достаточно высокая, но не полная.
Студенческие песни как направление в музыкальной культуре
Authors: Бородай Александр Дмитриевич
Published: July 2023

Студенческая песня — это часть современной музыкальной культуры. Она достаточно широко распространена в обществе. Песня живет в студенческой среде, создает неповторимую атмосферу студенческой жизни, ее несут по жизни многие выпускники вузов разных лет. Каждое поколение студентов оставляет написанные песни о студенческой жизни. Песни о студенчестве пишут профессиональные поэты и композиторы. Песенное искусство является достаточно популярным в нашей стране. Поют все поколения: от детского сада до ветеранов. В этом широком возрастном диапазоне выделяются студенты, как особая социально-демографическая группа молодежи, которая характеризуется общностью ценностных ориентаций, характером труда и образом жизни.
Неуклонное движение по пути развития политики социализма с китайской спецификой
Authors: Чу Гоцин
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматривается путь развития политики социализма с китайской спецификой, как единственно правильное решение развития общества под руководством Коммунистической партии КНР во главе с товарищем Си Цзиньпинем.
«Шекспир и Пушкин» (доклад М. Б. Загорского, прочитанный на заседании Шекспировского кабинета Всероссийского театрального общества (ВТО) 10 марта 1938 г.)
Authors: Захаров Николай Владимирович
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена осмыслению процессов, связанных с распространением творчества Шекспира в российских и советских театрах критиком и историком сцены М. Б. Загорским (1885–-1951). Просветительское значение изучения творчества Шекспира в русской культуре, театральной критике и литературоведении начала XX в. нуждается в фундаментальном анализе и классификации. Давно назрела необходимость целостного исследования литературного творчества великого английского писателя с учетом его воздействия на театр (режиссерские замыслы, актерское мастерство), музыку, изобразительные искусства эпохи Серебряного века. До сих пор отечественный шекспиризм является предметом дискуссии и образцом для подражания творцов искусства как элитарного, так и массового.

Уже более 20 лет как Шекспир прекрасно живет в виртуальном мире. Можно смело сказать, что наряду с Достоевским, а позже и Пушкиным он совершенно естественно цифровизировался, а почти 10 лет его творчество выступает как одна из уникальных и образовательных передовых технологий на платформах МООК (Massive Open Online Courses). Около 20 курсов только по Шекспиру разработаны ведшими учеными и специалистами, они оказались в авангарде множества других полезных направлений в массовом электронном образовании. Точно так же и совершенно не случайно на Шекспира обратили внимание разработчики технологии нейросетей и искусственного интеллекта.
Dual effect of LEP -2548G>A (rs7799039) and LEPR Q223R (rs1137101) polymorphisms as a risk factor for azoospermic male infertility in Turkish population
Authors: AKMAN Merve , KARAKUŞ Nevin , RÜSTEMOĞLU Hüsniye
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Infertility is the situation in which pregnancy cannot be achieved despite unprotected sexual intercourse within at least one year. Male infertility can range from the entire absence of spermatozoa in the testicles (azoospermia) to noticeable variations in sperm quality. The patients with a mutation in the leptin (LEP) gene have been reported to be infertile and the patients with a mutation in the Leptin Receptor (LEPR) gene were shown to lack pubertal development. This study was performed to state if there is a relationship between azoospermic male infertility and LEP gene -2548G>A and LEPR gene Q223R polymorphisms.

Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty-seven azoospermic infertile men and a hundred fertile men were included in this study. DNAs obtained from peripheral blood of participants were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) along with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technics..

Results: In terms of LEP -2548G>A (rs7799039) and LEPR Q223R (rs1137101) polymorphisms, no statistically remarkable distinction was observed in the genotype and allele distributions of azoospermic infertile and fertile men. In the composite genotype analysis, it was determined that the GGQR composite genotype was approximately 9 times more common in azoospermic infertile men than in fertile men (8.8% vs. 1.0%).

Conclusion: It has been determined that LEP -2548G>A and LEPR Q223R polymorphisms may have a dual effect in azoospermic male infertility. We believe that more efficient and precise results can be obtained by conducting these studies in larger populations.
ERKEN YAŞTA PROGRAMLAMA ÖĞRETİMİNDE METAFOR KULLANIMI: METAFORLARLA PROGRAMLAMA ÖĞRENİYORUM ETKİNLİKLERİ
Authors: ALAGÖZ Nur Banu , BİLGİÇ Hatice Gökçe
Published: July 2023

Son yıllarda eğitim dünyasında programlama öğretimine yönelik artan ilgi sonucunda programlama öğretiminde kullanılacak etkili yöntemler üzerine çalışmaların önemi artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada erken yaşta programlama öğretiminde metafor kullanımının programlama öğretim sürecine etkisinin gözlemlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada karma araştırma desenlerinden olan yakınsayan paralel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler Akademik Başarı Testi, Etkinlik Algısı Ölçeği ve Bilgisayarca Düşünme Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Nitel veriler yapılandırılmış görüşmeler sonucu elde edilmiştir. Akademik başarı testi ve Bilgisayarca Düşünme ölçeğine ait ön-test ve son-test puanlarına göre programlama öğretiminde metafor kullanımı ile öğrencilerin akademik başarısında ve bilgisayımsal düşünme becerilerinde anlamlı bir değişim gözlemlenmiştir. Etkinlik Algısı Ölçeği her hafta gerçekleştirilen “Metaforlarla Programlama Öğreniyorum” etkinlikleri sonrasında uygulanmıştır. Etkinlik Algısı Ölçeğinden elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğrencilerin katıldıkları etkinlikleri eğlenceli ve ilgi çekici buldukları görülmüştür. Görüşmelerden elde edilen verilere göre programlama öğretiminde metafor kullanımının akılda kalıcılığı arttırma, anlaşılırlık ve eğlence gibi katkıları öne çıkmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin başka derslerde de metafor uygulamasını deneyimlemek istedikleri görülmüştür.
Notas de la agricultura al final del antiguo régimen en un pueblo de la montaña leonesa, Las Bodas (Boñar), 1750-1840
Authors: González García José María
Published: July 2023

«Notes on the agriculture at the end of the ancient regime in a village in the mid mountain in the province of León. Las Bodas (Boñar) 1750-1840».The general features of the agricultural activity in the transitional period to the liberalism are analysed: the superiority of the crops of grain, the solid dividing of the ground of agricultural use, the existence of small property and the importance of the agricultura! heritage of the church.The agricultural production, according to church documents, will increase at the end of the XVIII century and the beginning of the XIX c, with some bad harvest years, which will be reflected in the evolution of prices
Uso de Estimulação Auricular Transcutânea do Nervo Vago (taVNS) e Acupuntura Escalpeana Analisado por Termografia na Neuralgia do Trigêmeo
Authors: Kurata Izumi
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Apresentar um caso de neuralgia trigeminal idiopática tratada por meio de acupuntura escalpeana e estimulação auricular transcutânea do nervo vago, documentado por meio  de termografia infravermelha. Método: Foram realizadas capturas de imagens térmicas antes e imediatamente após a acupuntura escalpeana e estimulação auricular transcutânea do nervo vago. Foram realizadas duas sessões de acupuntura escalpeana de Yamamoto, com duração de 30 minutos, intervalo de 6 dias entre as sessões, concomitante à estimulação auricular transcutânea do nervo vago na concha cimba de ambas as orelhas, durante 20 minutos. As imagens foram analisadas no software VisionFy. Resultados: Após duas sessões de acupuntura escalpeana e taVNS houve controle da dor. A termografia mostrou-se útil na identificação das áreas com assimetria térmica, permitindo monitorar o tratamento de forma rápida e não invasiva. Conclusão: A acupuntura escalpeana associada à taVNS proporcionou controle rápido da dor nociceptiva e neuropática e foi analisado que a termografia é uma ferramenta útil na avaliação e identificação das áreas patológicas por meio das assimetrias térmicas de modo rápido, preciso e não invasivo.
Correlation of salivary glucose level with blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus: a cross sectional study
Authors: Baishya Reeta , Lahkar Mangala , Bora Madhurima , Mazumdar Arijit
Published: July 2023

Background: There is alarming rise in number of people with diabetes mellitus over these years. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the fifth most common condition and the sixth leading cause of mortality amongst the elderly. Finding a relationship between the blood glucose level and its concentration in other body fluids such as the saliva can help in developing an on invasive method for blood sugar assessment replacing venous sampling. Objective of this study was to see the correlation between fasting blood glucose and fasting salivary glucose levels.
Methods: This cross sectional study included 200 randomly selected subjects, of which 100 were known diabetes constituted test group and 100 were normal healthy subjects, age- and sex-matched individuals constituted the controls. Fasting blood glucose and salivary glucose levels were measured by using glucose oxidase peroxidase methods. Data were recorded on a preforma in Microsoft excel sheet. Pearson's coefficient of correlation was applied to find out any significant correlation between the fasting blood glucose and fasting salivary glucose levels.
Results: Results were obtained by statistical calculation and plotted with respect to scatter and bar diagram was done and a p<0.05 was considered significant (with 95% CI).
Conclusions: A significant positive correlation exists between fasting blood glucose and fasting salivary glucose in both the test groups.