bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of open versus laparoscopic appendectomy in terms of post operative pain and operative duration.
Authors: Hayat Saddaqat , Riaz Osman , Usman Muhammad , Bilal Lodhi Muhammad Faisal , Ahmad Khan Asrar
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To measure the results of open appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy regarding mean postoperative pain and mean operative duration in the treatment of acute appendicitis. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial. Setting: Surgical unit Allied hospital Faisalabad. Period: June 2016 to December 2016. Material and Methods: 70 patients with appendicitis were included in the study through non-probability consecutive sampling. Patients with history of long standing pain, intake of analgesics (>3 times per week for >3 months) before surgery and patients in whom laparoscopic surgery was contraindicated were excluded. Patients were randomized in group A and group B. Open appendectomy was done in group A and laparoscopic appendectomy was carried in group B. Outcomes in terms of post-operative pain at visual analogue scale and operating time in minutes was measured. Results: Mean age was 28.50 years with standard deviation of 12.283. There were 32 (45.71%) patients were male and 38 (54.29%) patients were females. Post-Operative pain was 7.34±2.014 in group A and 3±1.94 in group B with p-value=0.0001. Operative time in group A was 42.33±4.25 minutes and group B had time of 34.48±3.5 minutes with p-value=0.0001. Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy is superior to open appendectomy considering pain after surgery and time of surgery in patients with appendicitis.
A rare presentation of giant cystic retroperitoneal teratoma in adult; A case report.
Authors: Aslam Imran , Zaman Balakhsher , Asghar Mohammad Sohail
Published: October 2019

Teratoma are bizarre tumors of germ cell and are usually present in testis and ovaries and contains structures like hairs, teeth, bone, thyroid tissue or more complex organs. Retroperitoneal occurrence is an uncommon site of presentation. They are usually present in childhood and rarely in adults. Here we are discussing a rare case presentation of middle age female, presented with abdominal fullness and pain which later diagnosed as retroperitoneal teratoma on CT scan. Clinical presentation, workup, surgical management, and outcome is discussed in this study.
Urothelial carcinoma and its association with age and gender.
Authors: Parveen Samo Rukhsana , Mehmood Asim , Kashif Sana
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To determine the urothelial carcinoma and its association with age and gender. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Pathology department of Liaquat university of Medical and Health Science. Period: One year from January 2016 to December 2016. Material and Methods: Four micrometer thick paraffin-embedded and formalin-fixed sections were prepared from transurethral resection6of bladder6tumor (TURBT) samples of urothelial carcinoma patients and were examined. Histological grading was categorized as low and high grades. All the data was collected by self-made proforma. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: Total 83 cases were enrolled in current study; their mean age was 49.19+12.33 years. Males were found in the majority 51(61.4%) and females were 32(38.6%). Most common age group was 46-60 years 36(43.4%). According to the histological grading high grade was most common as 65.10%, and low grade urothelial carcinoma was 34.90%. There was no significant difference according to age of histological grading. Male gender was most common, while progression of disease was higher among females in contrast to males as high grade carcinoma was significantly higher among females, p-value 0.014. Conclusion: It was concluded that male gender is the contributing factor of urothelial carcinoma, but disease progression significantly high among females. No significant association has been found according to age.
“Evaluation of frequency of anxiety and depression among patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder.”
Authors: Baig Arfa , Ghani Bushra , Parkash Oam , Memon Lubna , Chohan Shoaib Muhammad , Sultan Daud
Published: October 2019

Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) has been considered as one of the commonest disorder in Pakistan. In this disorder, the patient complains of pain in Temporomandibular joint and associated anatomical muscles. This research study has been performed to evaluate the frequency of Anxiety and Depression in patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder (CTMD). Objectives: The objective of this research study is to evaluate the frequency of Anxiety and Depression among patients with Chronic Temporomandibular joint Disorder. Study Design: A Cross-sectional Descriptive research study. Setting: This research study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral and Health sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences and Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: This research study was conducted for a respective period of 1 year from 1st March 2018 to 1st March 2019. Materials and Methods: A total of 213 patients having persisting Temporomandibular joint pain for more than 6 months were included in this study. The diagnosis of Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) was established if the patient demonstrated pain/discomfort in the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) and muscles of mastication and masticatory dysfunction for a period, exceeding 6 months. After demographic questions, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was administered to each patient and the intensity and severity of Anxiety and Depression were recorded and documented by the Operator. Results: The percentage of Anxiety and Depression among patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) was 31.46% (67/213) and 36.15% (77/213). Conclusion: In our respective study, the Frequency of psychological disorders like Anxiety and Depression were significantly high. Our results showed that an adequate and profound diagnosis and treatment planning is very necessary for all patients suffering from Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder (CTMD) so that both physical and psychological factors of patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorder (CTMD) should be taken into primary foremost consideration prior to the decision pertaining to its management respectively.
Impact of BMI on serum uric acid levels in females in local population.
Authors: Zafar Sardar Muhammad Al-Fareed , Naseem Rahat , Jawed Samia , Mukhtar Saima , Ijaz Farhat , Altaf Benash
Published: October 2019

Body mass index is the fat content of body whereas hyperuricemia is the condition when serum uric acid level crosses the optimum normal level. Increase in BMI may influence serum uric acid. Objective: To find out the relationship of BMI with serum uric acid level in local population. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Lady Aitchison hospital Lahore. Period: March 2017- August 2017. Material and Methods: Written informed consent was taken prior to data collection. Detailed history was asked and weight in kilograms and height in meters was noted. Body mass index was calculated. Uric acid was measured by uricase method after taking 1 ml venous blood under aseptic measures. Results: Body mass index and serum uric acid of the subjects were compared with the standard values that were 24.99kg/m2 and 5.7mg/dl and statistical analysis showed a significant difference (p-0.023 and p-0.000) respectively. Simple linear regression revealed 0.391 units change in serum uric acid level with one unit change in BMI. Conclusion: Serum uric acid increased with increase in BMI.
Histomorphological effect of celecoxib on cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules of kidney with protective effect of lycopene in albino rats; an experimental study.
Authors: Sundus Sadia , Mohiuddin Maria , Fatimee Sarwath , Kumar Ashoke , Jabeen Shah , Mubeen Sahar
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To observe the cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules of kidney of albino rats on celecoxib induced kidney with protection by lycopene. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: BMSI (Anatomy Department), JPMC, Karachi. Period: 4th May 2015 to 3rd June 2015. Materials and Methods: Ninety to one twenty days old, forty healthy adult, male Albino rats of 200-220gm were taken for the study. The rats were divided into 4 groups, Group A was control group, Group B  receive Celecoxib  50 mg/kg body weight orally,  Group C receive Celecoxib 50 mg/kg body weight orally along with lycopene50 mg/kg body weight orally and Group D receive lycopene 50 mg/kg body weight orally for 30 days. At the end of study rats were sacrificed and renal tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Markedly increased cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules was observed in rats taking celecoxib. Slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed altered and degenerative changes in the renal parenchyma of cortex and medulla. Ballooning of cells, hemorrhage and moderate edema was seen in celecoxib group. Renal interstitium showed infiltration of mononuclear cells, congested and dilated blood vessels. However, renal architecture was improved and reversed in celecoxib along with lycopene receiving group. Conclusion: This study concludes that lycopene decreased the cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules in celecoxib treated group.
Impact of hyponatremia on outcome of acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary care hospital.
Authors: Kidwai Aneela Altaf , Ara Jamal , Rasheed Shumaila Abdul , - Najeebullah , Paracha Saleemullah
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To determine the frequency and impact of hyponatermia on outcome in patients of acute ischemic stroke admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi. Study Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Setting: Department of Medicine, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. Period: January 2015 to May 2018. Material and Methods: A total of 110 patients of both gender presented with acute ischemic stroke and hyponatermia (2 consecutive serum sodium levels (< 135 mEq/L). Diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting (CSW) was based on predefined criteria. Mortality was considered in terms of modified Rankin Scale with score of 6 within four weeks of admission. Data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 20. Result: Out of 110 acute ischemic stroke patients, 66 (60%) were male and 44 (40%) were female. The mean age was 61.45 ± 11.8 years. Mean serum sodium level was 128.4 ± 6.07. Older ages are associated with high mortality rate of 20%. Moderate (29%) and severe (11%) hyponatremia was associated with 21% and 33% mortality respectively. Overall mortality in patients with hyponatremia was 14.5%. Conclusion: Mortality rates are higher in acute ischemic stroke patients presented with moderate to severe hyponatremia.
Applications of operation research in Zakah administration
Authors: Ibrahim Abdullahi Shafiu
Published: October 2019

The significance of the Zakah institution to any Islamic economy, it links to financial viability and economic progress has made it a must to modernize the sector to go in line with modern realities. Poor management of Zakah institutions has been described as detrimental to the efforts of these institutions to collect and disburse Zakah effectively. This paper looks at applications of mathematical and quantitative techniques with the view to achieving optimality and efficiency in business of collection and disbursement of Zakah. The mathematical applications tested are the techniques of contribution maximization, programming, and game theory. The potential applications of this field of mathematics to Zakah operations are vast. It calls for concerted efforts and focuses by researchers, policymakers and Islamic scholars on finding the most efficient way of deploying operation research techniques in the management of Zakah institutions.
Pencegahan Bullying di Sekolah Melalui Program “Welcome Day”
Authors: Sarasati Budi , Kusumawati Dian , Wdiastuti Iin
Published: October 2019

This community service activity is motivated by the condition of problems in the environment of Junior High School (SMP) of Global Insani Islamic School (GIIS); it has been found that one of the problems that is deemed necessary to watch out is in terms of interaction with fellow Junior High School students. Based on the observation of the school, in this case is the teacher, the intercommunications of Junior High School students are considered "braver". In the sense of sometimes "forgetting" the risks or dangers they face. If we learn further, then the risk behavior among Junior High School students can be caused by the adaptation process in the face of puberty and also in the face of changes in the style of intercourse in adolescence. Risky behaviors that become the most widespread problem are the behaviors associated with bullying and the behaviors of intercommunication with understanding of sexuality.
THE POTENTIAL INDUSTRY OF ISLAMIC TOURISM IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN (SEA) COUNTRIES
Authors: Nurrachmi Rininta
Published: October 2019

Southeast Asian (SEA) countries is rich with natural resources and historical heritage. The high number of Muslim populations in SEA countries can be a potential revenue to promote Islamic tourism. This study aimed to examine the potential of Islamic tourism industry as alternative revenue and it seeks to investigate the effective and efficient way to promote Islamic tourism in SEA. There are many potential factors that promote Islamic tourism in SEA countries. Push and pull factors influence Muslim tourists is deciding which place they want to visit. Collaboration and coordination among SEA countries can enhance Islamic tourism the developing of Islamic tourism in the region eventually economic benefit can be gained to enhance the countries� revenue.
RELIGIO-CENTRIC SELLING STRATEGY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARKET SENSING CAPABILITIESAND THE SMEs BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
Authors: Hendar Hendar
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to investigate and examine the mediating role of religio-centric selling strategy in relation to market sensing capabilities with SMEs business performance in religious-based industries. This paper selected 330 Muslim SMEs in Central Java and tested the regressive relationships of the three constructs. Through confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit model testing using SEM, the results of market sensing capabilities obtained have a positive effect on the religio-centric selling strategy and SMEs business performance. In addition, the religio-centric selling strategy also has a positive impact on SMEs business performance. Therefore, the religio-centric selling strategy really acts as a partial mediation in relation to market sensing capabilities with SMEs business performance. By examining the literature on various marketing capabilities, selling strategies, religiosity, and SMEs business performance, this paper offers a unique analysis of the relationship between market sensing capabilities and religio-centric selling strategy and their impact on SMEs business performance. Conceptual discussions and empirical results are expected to extend previous research on the culture of market orientation and selling strategy in specific religious-based small businesses.
On the Universality of Reason
Authors: Smirnov Andrey V.
Published: October 2019

Section introduction.
The Problem of the Typology of Rationality in Muslim Culture
Authors: Lukashev Andrey A.
Published: October 2019

The typology of rationality is one of major issues of modern philosophy. In an attempt to provide a typology to Oriental materials, a researcher faces additional problems. The diversity of the Orient as such poses a major challenge. When we say “Oriental,” we mean several cultures for which we cannot find a common denominator. The concept of “Orient” involves Arabic, Indian, Chinese, Turkish and other cultures, and the only thing they share is that they are “non-Western.” Moreover, even if we focus just on Islamic culture and look into rationality in this context, we have to deal with a conglomerate of various trends, which does not let us define, with full confidence, a common theoretical basis and treat them as a unity. Nevertheless, we have to go on trying to find common directions in thought development, so as to draw conclusions about types of rationality possible in Islamic culture. A basis for such a typology of rationality in the context of the Islamic world was recently suggested in A.V. Smirnov’s logic of sense theory. However, actual empiric material cannot always fit theoretical models, and the cases that do not fit the common scheme are interesting per se. On the one hand, examination of such cases gives an opportunity to specify certain provisions of the theory and, on the other hand, to define the limits of its applicability.
DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF SOIL DIVERSITY FORMATION OF TVERSKO-KUMSKAYA LOWLAND
Authors: Asgerova D. B. , Dzhalalova M. I. , Abdurashidova P. A. , Batyrmuzaeva P. A. , Zhelnovakova V. A.
Published: October 2019

Typical conditions for the dynamics of soil diversity are presented in the periodically flooded coastal zone of the Terek-Kuma lowland, where the conditions of soil formation are presented, which differ in the structural organization of soils, soil-like bodies and biogeochemical cycle of substances. When flooding – drying, the formation of soil diversity depends on the duration of the cycles of flooding-drying causes the emergence of new properties, instead of survivors in the previous stages of development. The transition of one type of soil to another is carried out by dynamic changes. Soils, being in the conditions of water desertification, during the shallowing of the Caspian sea for 2-3 years pass to a new taxonomic group with a wide variety of properties not characteristic of terrestrial ecosystems. Along with the level regime of the Caspian sea, there is a whole complex of factors influencing soil formation processes in the Terek-Kuma lowland. These include: salinization, erosion, salinity and severity of soil, surface moisture. One of the main factors of soil diversity are soil-forming rocks and their particle size distribution. When salinization of soils, an increase in genetic varieties is observed in parallel with an increase in the salt content: low, (medium, high, very high). Such gradation characterizes objective specific consequences in the state of the soil cover, determining the diversity of soils on salinization and the possibility of conservation of biological resources. Erosion is also a regulating factor in diversity. Erosion is accompanied by demolition and denudation of individual horizons of the soil profile, including soil-forming rock. Depending on the factors of formation of erosion distinguish wind and water erosion. Wind erosion manifests itself as dust storms and deflation, representing the defining conditions of soil diversity. Much of the diversity associated with the emergence of disturbed areas due to human economic activity. Another factor of soil formation processes in the Terek-Kuma lowland is the alkalinity of soils, which betrays a greater soil cover diversity and complexity.
ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF BIOTECHNOLOGIES USING IN ANIMAL FARMING
Authors: Gorlov I. F. , Mosolov A. A. , Komlatskiy G. V. , Nesterenko M. A. , Nimbona K. D. , Mosolova D. A.
Published: October 2019

The article presents materials on the study of the possibility of reproduction and increase in the herd of highly productive cows through the use of embryo transplantation technology. The classical (in vivo) and more modern, developing (in vitro) methods of embryotransfer, their positive and negative sides are considered in detail. The possibility of accelerating the breeding process by using the method of transplantation, in which from one cow can be obtained from 10 to 100 calves, which will allow for 4-5 years, almost any herd (of any size and breed) with the help of biotechnology to turn into a cattle-breeding enterprise of the most modern level. At the same time, heifers obtained from unproductive cows can be used as "surrogate" mothers who are transplanted with the best donor embryos, which allows to obtain a full-fledged offspring adapted to local environmental conditions. A detailed scheme of obtaining, evaluation, storage, as well as the cost and economic effect of embryo transplantation was calculated, the market was evaluated, the required annual volume of transplants and the number of donor cows for large livestock farms were determined. As a positive example of "Scientific-production enterprise "Centre of biotechnology and embryo transfer" in 2014, implemented a project for accelerated replacement and genetic improvement of the dairy herd, engraftment averaged 57-69%, and the economic effect of the enterprise from getting a single animal by the method of embryo transfer, compared with imports of similar close in quality, ranged from 60 to 100 thousand rubles on his head. It is shown that it is necessary to organize at the state level a developed service for embryo transplantation to reduce the cost of embryo transfer and the possibility of creating in a short time in the country's own highly productive breeding nucleus of dairy and beef cattle, which will reduce, and in the future completely eliminate, import dependence on cattle products.
THE STATE OF INNATE IMMUNITY IN NORMOTROPHIC PIGLETS IN THE EARLY POSTNATAL PERIOD
Authors: Shakhov A. G. , Shabunin S. V. , Sashnina L. Yu. , Zheynes M. Yu. , Vladimirova Yu. Yu. , Karmanova N. V. , G.G. Chusova G. G.
Published: October 2019

The article presents the dynamics of changes in the performance of hematological, biochemical, humoral and cellular components of nonspecific immunity in normotrophic piglets from its birth to weaning from sows. The age-related changes in the performance in all the components of nonspecific immunity in piglets, connected with the adaptation of the organism to the new existence conditions and the activation of the duties of their organs and systems, have been established. In the hematological component, the changes were manifested by a higher content of white blood cells and lymphocytes in piglets, starting from the daily age and in the following terms of cultivation, relative to such before intake of colostrum. For the biochemical state of piglets before intake of colostrum, the most definitive were low total protein, but high albuminous and high nitrogen oxide, essential to the adaptation of animals to new existence conditions, Hypoglobulinemia. In piglets, starting from the daily age, the total protein, globulins, and especially gamma globulins, promoting the humoral defense, are increased, and the albuminous is decreased. The humoral performance of non-specific defense for piglets before colostrum intake is characterized by a low activity of the complement system, which increases up to 14 days-age, followed by its thereafter decrease. Serum bactericidal activity is decreased on the 22nd, and lysozyme activity - on the 26th day of age. From the daily age and in the days following, neutrophil phagocytic activity; stimulated NBT test, and phagocyte reserve number exceeded like that before intake of colostrum. Absorbtivity of neutrophils and spontaneous NBT test increased only in daily age piglets. The lowest level of nonspecific immune defense in piglets during the last week of the suckling period, manifested by a decrease of the bactericidal activity, of lysozyme activity, and of complementary activity of blood serum, of monocytes, and of gamma-globulins, is due to a decrease in sow productivity.
THE CIVIL WAR EVENTS IN DAGESTAN (1918-1921) THROUGH THE LENSES OF THE COMICAL (ACCORDING TO EYEWITNESSES’ MEMORIES)
Authors: Kaimarazov Gani Shikhvalievich , Kaimarazova Leila Ganievna
Published: October 2019

Relying on personal sources - eyewitnesses’ memories, - some of which have been previously unknown, the article examines the Civil War events in Dagestan through the lenses of the comical. The study is based on the interdisciplinary approach combining practices, methodologies, conceptions and approaches used in history, ethnography, psychology. The authors conclude that the comical situations mentioned by the representatives of different social strata and political groups are associated with unique life experience and the ability to preserve humorous attitude to contemporaries and their actions. The researchers emphasize that sense of humour helps a human being to adapt to extreme conditions. The findings justify the authors’ opinion that the eyewitnesses’ memories contribute to deeper understanding of Dagestan mentality.
COMMUNICATIVE PRACTICES OF NARODNIK PARTIES AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Protasova Ol'ga L'vovna
Published: October 2019

The article examines the basic communicative means used by the Socialist Revolutionary Party and the Popular Socialist Party to influence a target social group - the Russian working class - at the beginning of the XX century. It is shown that both the parties paid special attention to popularizing their ideological views carefully choosing vocabulary and style when communicating with common people. They cooperated actively with peasant organizations, tried to follow ethical principles in politics, which allowed them to earn public confidence.
STATUS AND ROLE OF THE MONGOLIAN WOMAN IN THE FAMILY (THE XII-XIII CENTURIES)
Authors: Tsypilova Snezhana Sergeevna
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to identifying the status and role of a woman in the Mongolian family of the XII-XIII centuries. Analysing the information contained in historical chronicles, legal documents and travel essays of that time, the author concludes that a woman’s status was high enough; she enjoyed a sufficient degree of freedom in the family sphere. The paper analyses in detail a woman’s roles in the family: wife, mother and daughter. It is shown that widowed representatives of the Mongolian elite often performed a regentess’s duties and influenced political processes.
A. SCHOPENHAUER AND M. HEIDEGGER ON THE PHENOMENON OF BOREDOM: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Kornienko Aleksei Gennadievich
Published: October 2019

The article tackles the problem of interpreting the phenomenon of boredom in A. Schopenhauer’s and M. Heidegger’s works. This problem has not been previously investigated by domestic and foreign researchers. Analysing A. Schopenhauer’s views on the nature of boredom in the context of his metaphysical conception of will as a “thing in itself” and M. Heidegger’s interpretation of boredom as a fundamental mood, the researcher identifies evident similarities as well as historical and philosophical parallels in their interpretations.
CROSSCULTURAL DIALOGUE AS A FACTOR TO PRESERVE ETHNO-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE GLOBALIZING WORLD: PHILOSOPHICAL AND POLITOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Abdulkadyrov Yusup Nurmagomedovich
Published: October 2019

The article reveals the importance of crosscultural dialogue as an essential factor of consolidation of the Russian society and formation of the civil nation in Russia. It is shown that just through crosscultural dialogue, modern Russia can develop consistent national policy and properly secure its integrity and wholeness, fit harmoniously into the context of global worldview taking into account integration tendencies of the globalization process. Emphasizing the objective nature of planetary processes, the paper identifies the role and importance of crosscultural and cross-civilization dialogue in preserving ethno-cultural identity under the conditions of forming a global civilization community.
PROBLEM OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIOCULTURAL MODERNIZATIONS INTERRELATION
Authors: Nikitin Anton Pavlovich
Published: October 2019

The article considers the nature of interrelation of the fundamental aspects of social dynamics: economic and sociocultural modernizations. Two approaches to this problem are identified. According to the first one, economic and sociocultural modernizations are considered as integral elements of the modernization process as a whole. According to the second one, economic modernization occurs within the framework of sociocultural modernization, and contradictions between them are possible. The author compares these approaches and by the example of the money circulation process shows in what sense economic modernization may not correspond to sociocultural one.
SOCIAL MEANING OF MORAL DIMENSION OF SCIENCE: FROM ETHICAL INDIFFERENCE TO ETHOS OF HERMENEUTICS
Authors: Saikina Guzel' Kabirovna , Krasnov Anton Sergeevich
Published: October 2019

The article identifies epistemological causes of ethical indifference / ethical load of science conditioned by historical peculiarities of understanding the truth, subject and object of scientific activity. Developed within the purpose-oriented logic, a classical model of an extra-social subject of cognition abandoned the ethical component as a regulator of interpersonal relations. Taking into account modern understanding of truth as communicativeness and inter-subjectivity, the author introduces the concept “ethos of hermeneutics”, which, along with “culture of rationality”, should become one of the basic principles of ethos of science. The paper argues for the necessity to constitute ethical epistemology as a branch of social epistemology.
ISLAM IN THE LIFE OF THE OB UGRIANS AS A FACTOR OF THEIR CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL PSYCHOLOGY: SOURCES AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Bortnikova Yuliya Aleksandrovna , Naumenko Evgenii Aleksandrovich , Naumenko Ol'ga Nikolaevna
Published: October 2019

The article analyses sources on the history of Islam in the culture of the Northern indigenous peoples, such as the Ob Ugrians (the Khanty and the Mansi): the Siberian chronicles, works of decorative and applied art, ethnographic materials. The paper provides methodological justification of the “impoverished environment” conception, which explains the mechanism of cultural borrowings under the North conditions. The authors conclude that the intensive penetration of Islam into the Ob Ugrian culture resulted in assimilation of some Khanty and Mansi tribes by the Siberian Tatars, and the Zabolotnie Tatars remained the only representatives of the Islamized (Turkicized) Khanty.
THING BETWEEN SIGN AND SYMBOL (ON SEMIOTIC FUNCTION OF THING)
Authors: Lobanova Nina Isaakovna
Published: October 2019

The article considers a thing as a semiotic phenomenon. In this connection, the author tackles the problem of interrelation of functional and symbolic (and more broadly, semiotic) existence of a thing. The study is based on the methodological principle of complementarity. Analysing the interrelation of the functional and the semiotic through the lenses of the mentioned principle, the author concludes that the functional turns out to be included into the semiotic. Special attention is paid to the problem of identifying semiotic characteristics with a view to differentiate the sign functions of a thing from its symbolic manifestations.
MILITARY SPORTS COMPETITIONS OF THE 1960S “SNOW LANDING OPERATION” AS A NEW MECHANISM OF IDEOLOGICAL INFLUENCE ON THE YOUTH (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE TATAR ASSR)
Authors: Bureeva Elena Viktorovna
Published: October 2019

The article reveals the motives to develop new mechanisms of the Soviet youth control in the 1960s, which included military sports competitions “Snow Landing Operation”. Due to the complicated domestic and foreign political situation, the young people gradually began to abandon the Soviet system of values. Overt pressure and a system of prohibitions could aggravate the gap between the government and the youth, that’s why this form of work was introduced. This movement was initiated by Komsomol, which still remained the basic instrument to implement the party decisions.
FORMATION OF TYUMEN URBAN LANDSCAPE: SYNCHRONOUS AND DIACHRONOUS ASPECT
Authors: Golovanova Ol’ga Ivanovna , Ratsen Tat’yana Nikolaevna
Published: October 2019

The article examines the formation of urban landscape by the material of Tyumen urbanonyms in diachrony and synchrony. The basic stages of forming the city’s street names and square names are identified. The paper studies the origin of the urbanonyms, traces how they have developed into an orderly system. The interrelation of urbanonyms with historical, socio-demographic and linguo-cultural processes of national and regional scale is emphasized. The research is executed within the framework of the interdisciplinary approach.
Surface holographic geometry and screen integral
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: October 2019

Surface holographic geometry and screen integral
Tingkat Berpikir Kritis Dalam Keperawatan
Authors: Husna Asmaul
Published: October 2019

AbstrakBerpikir adalah sebuah proses yang mencakup interaksi dari rangkaian pemikiran dan persepsi yang berkelanjutan. Berpikir kritis merupakan sebuah konsep berpikir dengan berbagai sudut pandang yang luas, mengkritisi suatu masalah, berpikir secara logis (masuk akal), kreatif dan juga lebih mudah dalam mengambil sebuah keputusan.Di dalam praktik keperawatan, pemikir kritis adalah seseorang yang memiliki kemampuan untuk mencari informasi, memprediksi dan menganalisa suatu contoh kasus.Berpikir kritis di dalam keperawatan sangat penting bagi seorang perawat, yaitu ketika seorang perawat ingin mengambil sebuah keputusan klinis yang terbaik dan tepat dalam situasi tertentu.Manfaat berpikir kritis dalam keperawatan diantaranya adalah memberikan analisa kasus dan merumuskan masalah keperawatan dengan tepat.Tingkat berpikir secara kritis dalam keperawatan memiliki beberapa tingkatan, yaitu pemikiran kritis dasar (berpikir nyata dan berdasar).Pemikiran kritis kompleks (menganalisis keputusan dengan independen) dan komitmen.Kata Kunci : Berpikir,Pemikiran,Keputusan
Global transcriptional profiling of CD15+ granulocytes from patients with septic shock and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2019

Sepsis, the body’s reaction to infection in what is normally a sterile bloodstream, is a major cause of mortality in the United States (1). I used a microarray data set from a cohort of thirty-one patients with septic shock or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (2) to determine the major transcriptional changes associated with each disease state. I found that globally, the granulocytes of patients with SIRS resembled that of patients with septic shock at the level of transcription. For many genes expressed in the granulocyte, SIRS represented an “intermediate” gene expression state between that of control patients and those of patients with septic shock. The identification of the most differentially expressed genes in the granulocytic immune cells of patients with septic shock can facilitate the development of novel therapeutics or diagnostics for a condition that, despite decades of research, possesses a 14.7% to 29.9% in-hospital mortality rate (1).
Los Procesos Geoquímicos como Mecanismos de Formación de Yacimientos Minerales en Las Grutas y la Investigación Preliminar de los Mismos.
Authors: Valls Ricardo A.
Published: October 2019

Si el estudio de los procesos geoquímicos en condiciones tropicales es aún joven en países tropicales, menos todavía se conoce acerca de dichos procesos en las grutas y cavernas. El estudio de los procesos espelogeoquímicos es importante ya que muchas grutas representan zonas de debilidad tectónica y por ende son más propensos a los procesos hidrotermales-metasomáticos. Además, por su morfología y posición topográfica, las espeluncas son en ocasiones depositarias de importantes acumulaciones de minerales útiles, tal como la bauxita, el caolín, la fosforita, algunas piedras preciosas, el manganeso, y otros.En ocasiones son los mismos procesos geoquímicos los que conllevan a la formación de importantes minerales en las grietas.En este reporte se analizan estos procesos geoquímicos y se propone un plan de observaciones espelogeoquímicas factibles de ser desarrollados inclusos por aficionados sin preparación geológica especial.
PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Asmara Yeni , SNJPSFISUNP
Published: October 2019

Pendidikan karakter dimaknai sebagai pendidikan yang mengembangkan karakter bangsa pada diri peserta didik dalam hal ini mahasiswa sehingga mereka memiliki nilai dan karakter dalam dirinya serta mampu mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai tersebut dalam kehidupan sehari-hari baik sebagai anggota masyarakat maupun warganegara yang religius, nasionalis, produktif dan kreatif. Karakter adalah bentuk watak, tabiat, akhlak yang melekat pada pribadi seseorang yang terbentuk dari hasil internalisasi yang digunakan sebagai landasan untuk berpikir dan berperilaku sehingga menimbulkan suatu ciri khas pada individu tersebut. Karakter individu akan berkembang dengan baik, apabila memperoleh penguatan yang tepat, yaitu berupa pendidikan.Era revolusi industri 4.0 merupakan tantangan berat bagi guru Indonesia. Mengutip dari Jack Ma dalam pertemuan tahunan World Economic Forum 2018, pendidikan adalah tantangan besar abad ini. Jika tidak mengubah cara mendidik dan belajar-mengajar, 30 tahun mendatang kita akan mengalami kesulitan besar. Pendidikan dan pembelajaran yang sarat dengan muatan pengetahuan mengesampingkan muatan sikap dan keterampilan sebagaimana saat ini terimplementasi, akan menghasilkan peserta didik yang tidak mampu berkompetisi dengan mesin. Dominasi pengetahuan dalam pendidikan dan pembelajaran harus diubah agar kelak anak-anak muda Indonesia mampu mengungguli kecerdasan mesin sekaligus mampu bersikap bijak dalam menggunakan mesin untuk kemaslahatan
Pendekatan Saintifik Dalam Pembelajaran Tematik SD/MI
Authors: Ritonga Aisa Hanum , Febrianti  , Rangkuti Rendot
Published: October 2019

Dalam sebuah pembelajaran perlu adanya pendekatan agar kita sebagai bagian dari pembelajaran mampu menempatkan diri sebagai apa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Sebab dengan pendekatan kita khususnya sebagai pendidik mampu mengayomi peserta didik sesuai alur tujuan pembelajaran yang ingin dicapai. Terkhusus pada penggunaan pendekatan saintifik yang menjadikan siswa sebagai pusat dalam pembelajaran itu agar mereka selalu aktif.
Jemmy Wiratama (Wikidata)
Authors: Wiratama Jemmy
Published: October 2019

I create my own data on Wikidata.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SIKAP NASIONALISME SISWA SMA KOTA PADANG
Authors: Sermal  , Barkara Refli Surya , SNJPSFISUNP
Published: October 2019

Pendidikan Indonesia saat ini masih menghadapi berbagai masalah. Capaian hasil pendidikan masih belum memenuhi hasil yang diharapkan. Proses pendidikan masih menitikberatkan dan memfokuskan capaiannya secara kognitif. Sementara, aspek afektif pada diri peserta didik yang merupakan bekal kuat untuk hidup di masyarakat belum dikembangkan secara optimal. maraknya fenomena perilaku-perilaku yang disebabkan rendahnya sikap nasionalisme siswa seperti siswa kurang menggunakan bahasa indonesia yang baik dan benar, banyak ditemukan siswa tidak mau mengikuti pelaksanaan upacara bendera dengan baik dan benar. Pada akhirnya menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah pembelajaran sejarah telah dilaksanakan dengan baik, lalu kenapa sikap nasionalisme siswa masih rendah
HUMANIORA DI ERA GLOBALISASI, MASIHKAH RELEVAN?
Authors: Darmawan Wawan , Winarti Murdiyah , SNJPSFISUNP
Published: October 2019

Memasuki era globalisasi masyarakat Indonesia di hadapkan pada berbagai persoalan. Globalisasi telah menempatkan ilmu sains-keteknikan sebagai ilmu yang mengedepankan kemampuan intelektual manusia yang melahirkan invensi dan inovasi sesuai dengan ”kebutuhan masyarakat” daripada humaniora yang mempunyai kecenderungan untuk ”memanusiakan” manusia. Keadaan ini terlihat di beberapa negara maju baik Eropa, Amerika dan Asia (Jepang) yang kecenderungannya mengutamakan sains teknologi. Isu, meminimalisir, sampai menghapuskan beberapa ilmu humaniora di beberapa universitas terjadi di beberapa negara memungkinkan masuk pada negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Humaniora, dapatkah bertahan dalam arus globalisasi?
The illusion of science in comparative cognition
Authors: Farrar Benjamin George , Ostojic Ljerka
Published: October 2019

A prominent vein of comparative cognition research asks which cognitive abilities may be ascribed to different species. Here, we argue that the current structure of comparative cognition makes it near impossible to evaluate the accuracy of many of the claims produced by the field’s empirical research. We base this argument on six observations: i) the field is biased towards confirming more exceptional abilities in animals, ii) a likely high rate of false positive discovery, iii) the persistence of the bias towards more exceptional abilities, even in the presence of strong methodological criticism, iv) the absence of a formal method to assess evidence of absence of a cognitive ability, v) the ambiguity in definitions used to make claims, and vi) the small size of the research field. We then highlight how the widespread methodological and conceptual criticism in the comparative cognition literature does not facilitate scientific progress, rather it can impede it by creating an illusion of scientific rigour. Finally, we call for a reform of our research field that draws on recent developments in related fields and the Open Science movement.
Contact Logger: Measuring Everyday Intergroup Contact Experiences in Near-Time
Authors: Keil Tina F. , Koschate-Reis Miriam , Levine Mark
Published: October 2019

Intergroup contact research has traditionally relied on retrospective accounts of intergroup encounters, mainly through survey-based or observational methods. This study introduces and tests the usability of a purpose-built, location-aware, mobile application—the Contact Logger. It enables the recording of interpersonal and intergroup encounters, in public and private spaces (both indoor and outdoor), in their here-and-now contexts. The main advantage of this approach, compared to traditional methods, lies in the ability to collect repeated and timely (near-time) self-assessments of individuals’ behaviours and experiences. It also allows for geographical location data to be logged. Usability testing was done in a real-world environment and took place over the course of seven days, during which participants (N = 12) logged every contact they encountered with an outgroup member (here: older people). Subsequently, participants completed a paper-and-pencil questionnaire, reporting on the usability and experience of using the Contact Logger. Results showed that the application is a viable and easy to use alternative to traditional methods. The information gathered aided the further development and optimisation of the application. The outcomes of this process are also briefly discussed.
Non-parametric bootstrap and small area estimation to mitigate bias in crowdsourced data. Simulation study and application to perceived safety
Authors: Buil-Gil David , Solymosi Reka , Moretti Angelo
Published: October 2019

Open and crowdsourced data are becoming prominent in social sciences research. Crowdsourcing projects harness information from large crowds of citizens who voluntarily participate into one collaborative project, and allow new insights into people’s attitudes and perceptions. However, these are usually affected by a series of biases that limit their representativeness (i.e. self-selection bias, unequal participation, underrepresentation of certain areas and times). In this chapter we present a two-step method aimed to produce reliable small area estimates from crowdsourced data when no auxiliary information is available at the individual level. A non-parametric bootstrap, aimed to compute pseudosampling weights and bootstrap weighted estimates, is followed by an area-level model based small area estimation approach, which borrows strength from related areas based on a set of covariates, to improve the small area estimates. In order to assess the method, a simulation study and an application to safety perceptions in Greater London are conducted. The simulation study shows that the area-level model-based small area estimator under the non-parametric bootstrap improves (in terms of bias and variability) the small area estimates in the majority of areas. The application produces estimates of safety perceptions at a small geographical level in Greater London from Place Pulse 2.0 data. In the application, estimates are validated externally by comparing these to reliable survey estimates. Further simulation experiments and applications are needed to examine whether this method also improves the small area estimates when the sample biases are larger, smaller or show different distributions. A measure of reliability also needs to be developed to estimate the error of the small area estimates under the non-parametric bootstrap.
Does mental fatigue impair physical performance? A replication study
Authors: Holgado Darias , Troya Esther , Perales José C. , Vadillo Miguel A. , Sanabria Daniel
Published: October 2019

Objective: to replicate the hypothesis that mental fatigue impairs physical performance. Design: a pre-registered (https://osf.io/wqkap/), randomized, within-subject experiment. Methods: 30 recreationally active adults completed a time-to-exhaustion test (TTE) at 80% VO2max in two separate sessions, after completing a mental fatigue task or watching a documen-tary for 90 min. We measured power output, heart rate, RPE and subjective mental fatigue state. Results: Bayes factor analyses revealed extreme evidence supporting the alternative hypothesis that the mental fatigue task was more mentally fatiguing than the control task, BF01 = 0.009. However, we found moderate-to-strong evidence for the null hypothesis (i.e., no evidence of reduced performance) for average time in TTE (BF01 = 9.762) and anecdotal evidence for the null hypothesis in RPE (BF01 = 2.902) and heart rate (BF01 = 2.587). Conclusions: our data seem to challenge the idea that mental fatigue has a negative influence on exercise performance. Although we did succeed at manipulating subjective mental fatigue, this did not impair physical performance. However, we cannot discard the possibility that mental fatigue may have a negative influence under conditions not explored here, e.g., individualizing mentally fatiguing tasks. In sum, further research is warranted to determine the role of mental fatigue on exercise and sport performance.