bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intravitreal Aflibercept for the Treatment of Subacute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Yoon Young Hee , Kim Dong Yoon , Lew Young-Ju , Park Kyu-Hyung , Chae Ju Byung , Lee Joo Yong , Joe Soo Geun , Yang Sung Jae , Kim Sang Jin
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To evaluate the role of intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) for treating persistent central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) of more than 6 weeks.

Methods:

AFlibercept Efficacy in Cscr Treatment (NCT01971190) was a 6-month, phase 2, multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial at 6 clinical sites in Korea. Forty-three patients were randomized into group 1 (29) with 3 monthly IVA administrations or group 2 (14) with sham treatment and followed for 6 months with pro re nata (PRN) IVA. Patients could be retreated with IVA when they met the eligibility criteria for this. The primary end point was a mean change in central subfield thickness (CST) from baseline. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CST were checked monthly. Data from a subgroup with long-term follow-up in a real-life practice were also compared.

Results:

After 3 months of treatment, group 1 had a greater change in mean CST (173.97 vs 80.15 µm; P = .001) and BCVA improvement (10.38 vs 8.62 Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters; P = .52) than group 2. Among patients whose disease had lasted ≥3 months, BCVA improvement was significantly better in group 1 than in group 2 after 3 months (12.0 vs −2.7 letters; P = .007), and the percentage of eyes requiring PRN IVA was lower in group 1 (50% vs 100%). These differences were attenuated at 6 months but maintained during additional 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion:

Intravitreal aflibercept may facilitate the anatomical improvement in persistent CSCR and may improve the visual outcomes in relatively chronic cases. The IVA injection may be a therapeutic option for CSCR.
Pharmacological targeting of plasmin prevents lethality in a murine model of macrophage activation syndrome
Authors: Shimazu Hiroshi , Munakata Shinya , Tashiro Yoshihiko , Salama Yousef , Dhahri Douaa , Eiamboonsert Salita , Ota Yasunori , Onoda Haruo , Tsuda Yuko , Okada Yoshio , Nakauchi Hiromitsu , Heissig Beate , Hattori Koichi
Published: March 2017

Key Points

Plasminogen/plasmin is excessively activated in the murine model of fulminant MAS. The genetic or pharmacological inhibition of plasminogen/plasmin counteracted a cytokine storm and tissue damage in fulminant MAS.
Urokinase plasminogen activator and receptor promote collagen-induced arthritis through expression in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Thornton Sherry , Raghu Harini , Cruz Carolina , Frederick Malinda D. , Palumbo Joseph S. , Mullins Eric S. , Almholt Kasper , Usher Pernille A. , Flick Matthew J.
Published: March 2017

Key Points

Deficiency in uPA or uPAR renders DBA/1 mice less susceptible to CIA. Expression of uPAR in bone marrow–derived cells promotes arthritis pathogenesis.
GOLIAH (Gaming Open Library for Intervention in Autism at Home): a 6-month single blind matched controlled exploratory study
Authors: Jouen Anne-Lise , Narzisi Antonio , Xavier Jean , Tilmont Elodie , Bodeau Nicolas , Bono Valentina , Ketem-Premel Nabila , Anzalone Salvatore , Maharatna Koushik , Chetouani Mohamed , Muratori Filippo , Cohen David ,   the MICHELANGELO Study Group, Bonfiglio Silvio , Apicella Fabio , Sicca Federico , Billeci Lucia , Pioggia Giovanni , Cruciani Federico , Paggetti Cristiano , Giuliano Angele , Francisa Maryrose , Das Saptarshi , Jamal Wasifa , Galway Leo , Donnelly Mark
Published: March 2017

Background

To meet the required hours of intensive intervention for treating children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we developed an automated serious gaming platform (11 games) to deliver intervention at home (GOLIAH) by mapping the imitation and joint attention (JA) subset of age-adapted stimuli from the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) intervention. Here, we report the results of a 6-month matched controlled exploratory study.

Methods

From two specialized clinics, we included 14 children (age range 5–8 years) with ASD and 10 controls matched for gender, age, sites, and treatment as usual (TAU). Participants from the experimental group received in addition to TAU
four 30-min sessions with GOLIAH per week at home and one at hospital for 6 months. Statistics were performed using Linear Mixed Models.

Results

Children and parents participated in 40% of the planned sessions. They were able to use the 11 games, and participants trained with GOLIAH improved time to perform the task in most JA games and imitation scores in most imitation games. GOLIAH intervention did not affect Parental Stress Index scores. At end-point, we found in both groups a significant improvement for Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule scores, Vineland socialization score, Parental Stress Index total score, and Child Behavior Checklist internalizing, externalizing and total problems. However, we found no significant change for by time × group interaction.

Conclusions

Despite the lack of superiority of TAU + GOLIAH versus TAU, the results are interesting both in terms of changes by using the gaming platform and lack of parental stress increase. A large randomized controlled trial with younger participants (who are the core target of ESDM model) is now discussed. This should be facilitated by computing GOLIAH for a web platform.

Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02560415
On the stability of mediaeval inorganic pigments: a literature review of the effect of climate, material selection, biological activity, analysis and conservation treatments
Authors: Coccato Alessia , Moens Luc , Vandenabeele Peter
Published: March 2017

This review is to be considered part of the development of the MEMORI dosimeter, to evaluate the impact of climate (relative humidity, temperature, illumination, etc., including volatile organic compounds) on moveable objects. In the framework of the MEMORI project, Ghent University was given the task to assess pigment degradation upon acetic acid exposure, and to collect information on pigments’ stability. Moreover, to obtain a wider knowledge on the stability of common pigments, the effect of a variety of parameters was reviewed from literature. Discolouration and degradation of pigments significantly alter the legibility of polychrome works of art, so that the development of monitoring methods to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage objects is of primary importance.
Discovery of a woman portrait behind La Violoniste by Kees van Dongen through hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Herens Elodie , Defeyt Catherine , Walter Philippe , Strivay David
Published: March 2017

Despite the fact that Kees van Dongen was one of the most famous painters of the twentieth century, only little information about his palette and his technique is available. To contribute to the characterization of van Dongen’s painting materials, La Violoniste, painted by the artist around 1922, has been analyzed by using three complementary techniques: macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF), Raman spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging. The elemental repartition given by MA-XRF and the results obtained thanks to Raman spectroscopy help us to complete the identification of pigments contained in La Violoniste (lead white, iron oxides, cadmium yellow, vermilion, Prussian blue, titanium white, ultramarine, a red lake, a chromium pigment and carbon black) while the results obtained via hyperspectral imaging reveal a hidden woman portrait. Besides the fact that Kees van Dongen was particularly renowned for his female portraits, this hidden composition presents stylistic similarities with the well-known portraits produced by the artist from around 1920, when he was a famous worldly portraitist. Thanks to Raman spectroscopy, visual examination and MA-XRF, we show that the original background contains ultramarine, the hidden portrait’s clothes are maybe made of the same colour as the present violinist’s dress and her face contains zinc, contrary to the violinist’s flesh which is mainly made of lead white.
Polyurethane coatings in twentieth century outdoor painted sculptures. Part II: comparative study of four systems by means of Py-GC/MS
Authors: Defeyt Catherine , Schilling Michael , Langenbacher Julia , Escarsega John , Rivenc Rachel
Published: March 2017

Because PU coatings offer a compromise between aesthetic and performance expectations, unachievable with other types of industrial paints, they are currently recognized as the most appropriate option to coat sculptures intended for an outdoor setting. However, the PU class includes various systems, such as two package solvent-borne, two package water-borne, one package water-borne and fluoropolymer polyurethanes, which possess very different properties. 115 reference samples of PU coatings were investigated by means of Py-GC/MS, in order to outline the differences and the similarities existing, in terms of composition, between the major PU systems used for creating as well as for conserving modern painted outdoor sculptures. The Py-GC/MS study of an extended number of reference samples showed that the composition of equivalent PU systems strongly varies depending on the product line and the manufacturer. Furthermore the comparison of all the produced pyrograms allowed defining characteristic marker compounds helpful to discriminate specific PU paint systems.
Pectoralis and Serratus Fascial Plane Blocks Each Provide Early Analgesic Benefits Following Ambulatory Breast Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Propensity-Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Abdallah Faraj W. , MacLean David , Madjdpour Caveh , Cil Tulin , Bhatia Anuj , Brull Richard
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:

Pectoralis and serratus blocks have been described recently for use in breast surgery, but evidence supporting their analgesic benefits is limited. This cohort study evaluates the benefits of adding a pectoralis or serratus block to conventional opioid-based analgesia (control) in patients who underwent ambulatory breast cancer surgery at Women’s College Hospital between July 2013 and May 2015. We tested the joint hypothesis that adding a pectoralis or serratus block reduced postoperative in-hospital (predischarge) opioid consumption and nausea and vomiting (PONV). We also examined the 2 block types for noninferiority.

METHODS:

A total of 225 patients were propensity matched on 5 potential confounders among 3 study groups (75 per group): (1) pectoralis; (2) serratus; and (3) control. The propensity-matched cohort was used to evaluate the effect of the study group on postoperative in-hospital oral morphine equivalent consumption and PONV. We considered pectoralis noninferior to serratus block if it was noninferior for both outcomes, within 10 mg morphine and 17.5% in PONV incidence margins. Other outcomes included intraoperative fentanyl requirements, pain scores, time to first analgesic request, and duration of recovery room stay.

RESULTS:

Both pectoralis and serratus blocks were each associated with reduced postoperative in-hospital opioid consumption and PONV compared with control. Pectoralis was noninferior to serratus block for these 2 outcomes. Pectoralis and serratus blocks were each associated with reduced intraoperative fentanyl requirements, prolonged time to first analgesic request, and expedited recovery room discharge compared with control; there were no differences for the remaining outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Pectoralis and serratus blocks were each associated with a reduction in postoperative in-hospital opioid consumption and PONV compared with conventional opioid-based analgesia after ambulatory breast cancer surgery.
Something, Everything, Nothing; Or, Cows, Dogs, and Maggots
Authors: Dave Naisargi N.
Published: March 2017

This article tries to locate the missing something that enables radical social projects to persevere, in this case, the social project of animal activism in India. The author argues that we will find the missing something buried in and by the tyranny of consistency (or contradiction thinking), which demands that any ethics in an oppositional or oblique relationship to the way things are account for its apparent inconsistencies or contradictions. The tyranny of consistency steals the something actors need by collapsing something with everything, so that what we are left with (because everything is impossible) is nothing, which is both impossible and extinguishing. The author argues through her ethnography that the creative lived response to the tyranny of consistency is immanent ethics, an ethics that is committedly, if inconsistently, inconsistent.
Sounding Death, Saying Something
Authors: Stevenson Lisa
Published: March 2017

This essay considers what it means to speak into an absence. In particular, the author thinks about a series of recordings from the 1960s in which Inuit in Arctic Canada send messages to their relatives in tuberculosis sanatoria in southern Canada. The dislocation such separation caused was severe. Families who had never been apart were separated for years with little means of communication. Some Inuit died in the sanatoria. Family members had no way of knowing whether the absent were alive or dead. Many had a hard time finding words to speak into the recorder. Nonetheless, they lent their voices to the project. By juxtaposing these “soundings” with dreams Inuit youth have of their dead friends, the author thinks about the possibility of “sending” our voices to the absent/dead and the way they send their voices to us.
The Rainy Season
Authors: Garcia Angela
Published: March 2017

Based on ethnographic research and critical reflection on Carlos Reygadas’s film Post Tenebras Lux, this article explores the texture and temporality of crisis and endurance in Mexico. Specifically, it traces the transformation of one of Mexico City’s ubiquitous anexos (annexes), which names coercive drug treatment centers run by and for the informal working poor. In putting the ethnography of an anexo in dialogue with Reygadas’s film, this article develops a picture of precarious sociality in contemporary Mexico, one shaped by neoliberal reform and drug-related violence. Finally, it contemplates how the film and the anexo’s resonant “difficulty” upset sense and meaning, thereby suggesting new ways of attending to life within broader durations of politics and history.
Planetarium
Authors: Sharif Solmaz
Published: March 2017

A poem.
Footnotes in the Order of Disappearance
Authors: Joudah Fady
Published: March 2017

Medical anthropology poem.
Pulsatility Index of Popliteal Artery in Patients with Isolated Calf Vein Thrombosis: A Novel Technique for Detecting Thrombosis
Authors: Batur Abdussamet , Polat Vural , Ozgokce Mesut , Alpaslan Muhammed , Yavuz Alpaslan , Arslan Harun , Bora Aydin , Sakarya Mehmet Emin
Published: March 2017

Background: To investigate the usefulness of popliteal artery spectral doppler findings as a complimentary approach to isolated calf vein thrombosis (DVT).

Material/Methods: We included consecutive patients presenting with symptomatic and sonographically proven acute isolated calf DVT. Patients with thrombosis of any other vein were excluded. We classified calf vein into into four main types. We investigated how many of these four vessels had DVT and compared them with respect to the pulsatility index (PI) value of the popliteal artery.

Results: We evaluated spectral doppler characteristics of the popliteal artery on the same side as the isolated calf vein thrombosis as well as on the opposite side. The relationship between PI values of the popliteal artery and the number of thrombosed calf veins was investigated. In patients with 1 and/or 2 thrombosed veins, the mean PI was 6.03±0.54 on the side of cDVT and 5.68±0.39 on the opposite side (p=0.008), respectively. Inpatients with 3 and/or 4 thrombosed veins, the mean PI was 8.05±0.61 on the side of cDVT and 6.34±0.47 on the opposite side (p=0.001), respectively.

Conclusions: Venous doppler sonography for the evaluation of calf DVT may be limited by patient characteristics such as obesity, edema, and tenderness., Arterial PI can be used as a complimentary technique for the detection of venous thrombosis in such of cases.
Por que, quando e como regular as novas tecnologias? Os desafios trazidos pelas inovações disruptivas
Authors: Baptista Patrícia , Keller Clara Iglesias
Published: March 2017

O texto discorre sobre algumas das principais discussões acerca da regulação estatal de novas tecnologias digitais disruptivas. Inovações disruptivas impõem aos Estados os desafios de decidir quando, por que e até onde regular, além da definição do melhor desenho regulatório para cada caso. Além das justificativas tradicionais para intervenção estatal, a regulação de novas tecnologias deve atuar especialmente para promover e preservar a inovação, assegurando a livre concorrência, condição para que a inovação ocorra. Nesse sentido, a regulação inicial de novas tecnologias deve se deter aos domínios da garantia da segurança do usuário e do respeito às liberdades fundamentais. Quanto ao momento de regular, verifica-se que, se a intervenção ocorrer logo que a nova tecnologia surge, pode se revelar prematura; se, por outro lado, aguardar a consolidação da inovação, pode ser tardia, especialmente diante da resistência à regulação do mercado já estabelecido (dilema de Collingridge). O desenho regulatório a ser adotado deve ser capaz de conjugar ferramentas de regulação forte e fraca que permitam a adaptação e o aprendizado diante de uma realidade velozmente mutável. The article discusses some of the key debates on the regulation of new disruptive digital technologies. Disruptive innovations face governments with the challenges of deciding when, why and how to regulate, as well as designing the best regulatory framework for each case. Besides the traditional justifications for state intervention, regulation of new technologies should serve especially to promote and preserve innovation while ensuring free competition, a requirement for innovation to occur. In this sense, the initial regulation of new technologies must be detained to the areas regarding the guarantee of user’s safety and the respect of fundamental freedoms. As to when to regulate, it appears that the intervention that occurs as soon as the new technology emerges may be proved premature; on the other hand, allowing the innovation’s stabilization may be proved delayed, especially in the face of a consolidated market’s resistance to regulation (Collingridge dilemma). The regulatory framework to be adopted should be able to combine stronger and weaker regulatory tools, allowing adaptation to and learning from a fast changing reality.
Análise crítica das decisões do Tribunal de Contas da União acerca da utilização da arbitragem em contratos administrativos. Evolução interpretativa
Authors: Parada André Luis Nascimento
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar e analisar criticamente as premissas utilizadas nos julgados do Tribunal de Contas da União e sua evolução interpretativa, para afastar a solução de conflitos por arbitragem em contratos administrativos. Para tanto, após breve explicação sobre algumas particularidades acerca dos processos que tramitam na Corte de Contas, foram selecionados os julgados mais significativos sobre arbitragem para aferir quais são as premissas ou os critérios interpretativos normalmente suscitados pelo Tribunal para inibir a arbitragem nos contratos firmados pela administração pública. Por fim, examina-se se houve evolução desde a interpretação inicial, firmada em julgado de 1993, até o momento. This work aims to identify and analyze critically the premises used by the Public Finance Court and its interpretative evolution, to repel the arbitration in administrative contracts. To do so, after a brief explanation about some particularity of the process on the Public Finance Court, the judged will be selected with more meaning about arbitrage to measure which are the premises or interpretative criteria normally raised by the Public Finance Court to inhibit the arbitration in the contracts signed by the public administration. Finally, it examines if there was evolution since the initial interpretation, signed a final of 1993, so far.
Regulamentação das comunicações processuais eletrônicas
Authors: Allemand Conselheiro Luiz Claudio Silva
Published: March 2017

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Insight into the city/town names of Latvia
Authors: Balode Laimude
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The origin of place names is a research topic for linguists (or onomasticians) and geographers, but since ancient times a wide range of people have also been interested in the subject. As Latvia is the closest neighbour to both Lithuania and Estonia, they share, to a large extent, a common history, as well as – because of this fact – a number of borrowed common words and names. This article is based on the toponymical material included in the short dictionary of Latvian geographical names entitled “No Abavas līdz Zilupei” (“From Abava to Zilupe. The origin of Latvian geographical names”), which was compiled by Laimute Balode and Ojārs Bušs and published in Rīga in 2015. It offers insights into the contemporary situation of Latvian oikonyms as well as providing comparisons of the names of inhabited places with their historical names.Kokkuvõte. Laimute Balode: Pilk Läti linnanimedele. Kohanimede päritolu on keeleteadlaste (täpsemalt nimeuurijate) ja geograafide uurimisvaldkond, mis on ammustest aegadest huvi pakkunud ka kõikidele teistele. Kuna Läti on Leedu ja Eesti lähinaaber, jagavad riigid suurel määral ühist ajalugu, mistõttu on neil ka hulk ühiseid laensõnu ja laenatud nimesid. Käesolev artikkel põhineb Läti kohanimeleksikoni “No Abavas līdz Zilupei” toponüümilisel ainestikul. See heidab pilgu tänapäeva Läti oikonüümide olukorrale ning võrdleb asustuste nimesid nende ajalooliste nimedega.Märksõnad: onomastika; linnanimed; Läti
Lawrence Venuti kodustamise ja võõrapärastamise dihhotoomia metafooride tõlkemeetodite uurimise instrumendina eesti-vene tõlkes
Authors: Kornilitsina Ekaterina , Rummo Ingrid
Published: March 2017

Eesti-vene meediatõlge on Eesti kultuuriruumis väga tähtsal kohal, kuid samas on seda tõlkesuunda Eesti tõlketraditsioonis siiamaani vähe uuritud. Üks instrumente, mis võib aidata tõlkijal võimalike lahenduste mitmekesisuses orienteeruda, on Ameerika tõlkeuurija Lawrence Venuti kodustava ja võõrapärastava tõlke dihhotoomia, mis seostab tõlkemeetodi valiku tõlke kultuurikontekstiga. Venuti dihhotoomiat kasutatakse tänapäeva tõlketeaduses erinevate tekstielementide tõlke uurimiseks. Nende hulgas on ka metafoor, mis on oma märkimisväärse kultuurilise varieerumise tõttu üks keerulisemaid tõlkeobjekte. Artikkel käsitleb Venuti kodustamise ja võõrapärastamise dihhotoomia kasutamise võimalust metafooride tõlkemeetodite uurimisel eesti-vene tõlkes telesaate “Pealtnägija” näitel. Kuigi “Pealtnägija” eesti-vene tõlkes on eelistatav tõlkemeetod kodustamine, on võõrapärastamist laialt kasutatud mittekonventsionaalsete, kontekstisidusate ja laenmetafooride tõlkimisel.Abstract. Ekaterina Kornilitsina, Ingrid Rummo: Lawrence Venuti’s dichotomy of domestication and foreignization as a research instrument for translation methods of metaphor in Estonian-Russian translation. Estonian-Russian media translation occupies an important place in the cultural space of Estonia, although there are only a few studies on this translation direction. One of the instruments that may help a translator to choose between possible solutions is the translation dichotomy of domestication and foreignization by the American translation theorist Lawrence Venuti. This opposition connects the choice of a translation method with the cultural context of the translated text. Venuti’s dichotomy is used in contemporary translation research to study various text elements, among them metaphor. Metaphor is considered to be one of the most complex translation objects due to its remarkable cross-cultural variation. This article discusses the use of Venuti’s dichotomy for researching the translation methods of metaphors in the Estonian-Russian translation of the TV programme “Pealtnägija” (“Spectator”). Although the preferred translation method was domestication, foreignization was also widely used for unconventional, context-related and borrowed metaphors.Keywords: domestication; foreignization; media translation; Estonian- Russian translation; Lawrence Venuti; metaphor; translation method
Baltic context of some Estonian periphrastic causative constructions
Authors: Pakerys Jurgis
Published: March 2017

I discuss 4 Estonian periphrastic causative constructions based on laskma, andma, panema, and sundima with respect to semantic shift from non-causative to causative use. These constructions have parallels in Baltic, and I suggest that laskma belongs to the largest area of development, ‘release’ > ‘let’, attested in many Finno-Ugric and Indo-European languages, notably, in Germanic, Baltic, and to some extent, Slavic. The verb andma, which evolved as ‘give’ > ‘let’ (> ‘be possible’), belongs to a smaller area of similar changes that occurred in Finnic, Baltic, and Slavic, while panema as ‘put’ > ‘make’ belongs to the smallest area (some Finnic and some Baltic languages). The verb sundima, as a Slavic loan, has parallel borrowings in a number of Finnic and Baltic languages, but only in Estonian has the causative use of this predicate developed.Kokkuvõte. Jurgis Pakerys: Mõnede eesti keele perifrastiliste kausatiivkonstruktsioonide balti kontekst. Artiklis võetakse verbide laskma, andma, panema ja sundima näitel vaatluse alla eesti keele perifrastiline kausatiivkonstruktsioon. Autor keskendub verbide tähendusnihetele mittekausatiivsest kasutusest kausatiivse suunas. Konstruktsioonidel on vasted balti keeltes. Autori hinnangul kuulub verb laskma (‘lahti laskma’ > ‘laskma’) suurimasse muutusalasse, s.t seda leidub paljudes soome-ugri ja indoeuroopa keeltes, sh germaani, balti, mingil määral ka slaavi keeltes. Verb andma, mis on läbi teinud arengu ‘andma’ > ‘laskma’(>‘võimalik olema’), kuulub väiksemasse läänemeresoome, balti ja slaavi keeltes toimunud sarnaste muutuste areaali. Verb panema (‘panema’ > ‘sundima’) kuulub kõige väiksemasse muutusalasse, esinedes vaid mõnes läänemeresoome ja balti keeles. Verbil sundima on slaavi laenuna vasteid mitmes läänemeresoome ja balti keeles, kuid kausatiivne kasutus on sel predikaadil välja kujunenud vaid eesti keeles.Märksõnad: perifrastilised kausatiivkonstruktsioonid; faktitiivsed kausatiivkonstruktsioonid; permissiivsed kausatiivkonstruktsioonid; läänemeresoome keeled; balti keeled; Balti areaal
Eesti taeva tähendused
Authors: Veismann Ann , Jürine Anni , Pajusalu Karl , Pajusalu Renate , Tragel Ilona
Published: March 2017

Sõna taevas on peetud balti või veel vanemaks indoeuroopa laenuks eesti keeles. Selle laensõnaga väljendati peale taevaruumi ka taevasi ja üleloomulikke-jumalikke nähtusi. Artiklis avame sõna taevas etümoloogilist tausta ning seejärel analüüsime sõna tähendusi ja kasutusmustreid tänapäeva eesti kirjakeeles ja murretes. Näitame, kuidas ruumilises asukoha tähenduses võib sõna taevas olla mõistetud nii objekti, pinna kui ka mahutina. Samuti kõrvutame sõna taevas kasutust sõna jumal kasutustega, osutamaks, et taevas jumala asukohana võimaldab metonüümia KOHT TEGIJA ASEMEL ning sellega sõna taevas mitmekesise kasutuse agendi positsioonis.Abstract. Ann Veismann, Anni Jürine, Karl Pajusalu, Renate Pajusalu and Ilona Tragel: taevas ‘sky, heaven’ in Estonian. The word taevas in Estonian is considered to be a loan word of Baltic or possibly early Indo-European origin. Taevas has been used to refer to the sky as well as to heaven and heavenly phenomena. This study focuses on the etymology of taevas, and analyses the semantics and collocates of taevas in Estonian dialects and written Estonian. It is demonstrated that, when referring to spatial location, the word taevas may be interpreted as an object, a surface or a container. When taevas is used to refer to heaven, i.e. the location of God in Christianity, the metonymy location for the agent motivates numerous uses where taevas acts as the agent. Such usages are contrasted to usage patterns of Jumal ‘God’.Keywords: Standard Estonian; Estonian dialects; the word taevas ‘sky, heaven’; language history; semantics; polysemy; metonymy
Verbiprefiksid Salatsi liivi keeles
Authors: Winkler Eberhard
Published: March 2017

Artikkel käsitleb Salatsi liivi verbiprefiksite esinemist Johann Andreas Sjögreni materjalide põhjal. Arvestades Kuramaa liivi vastavaid uurimusi ja asjaolu, et Sjögreni ajal oli Salatsi liivi juba väljasurev keel, oleks ootuspärane verbiprefiksite arvukas kasutus. Siiski analüüs osutab, et ühelt poolt ei ole verbiprefiksite hulk kuigi suur, teiselt poolt võib neid leida peamiselt kirjalikest tekstidest, mis on otse läti keelest liivi keelde tõlgitud: enamikul juhtudel esinevad verbiprefiksid Salatsi liivi keeles siis, kui need on ka läti keeles. Ühtlasi ilmneb, et verbiprefiksid on küll Salatsi liivis omaks võetud, kuid seda ainult vähesel määral.Abstract. Eberhard Winkler: Verb prefixes in Salaca Livonian. The article discusses the occurrence of Salaca Livonian verb prefixes based on Andreas Sjögren's data. Considering the relevant studies in Courland Livonian and the fact that Salaca Livonian was already a dying language at the time of Sjögren frequent use of verb prefixes would be expected. However, the analysis shows that on the one hand the use of verb prefixes is not very frequent, on the other hand they can mainly be found in written texts translated directly from Latvian to Livonian: in most cases the prefixes occur in Livonian when they are also presen in Latvian. Moreover, it appears that verb prefixes have been adopted in Salaca Livonian but only to a small extent.Keywords: verb prefixes; Livonian; Salaca Livonian; Courland Livonian
Estonianness (lith. ‘estiškumas’) in Lithuanian from the perspective of economic linguistics
Authors: Zabarskaitė Jolanta
Published: March 2017

Processes are taking place in the 21st century that are altering the role of language and society’s attitude towards language. The virtualisation of the world, the influence of the media, and the processes of globalisation are all driving a shift in the role of language. This has made linguistics, as well as other humanities and social sciences, turn back to neuroscience and a focus on cognitive processes.The interaction between linguistic processes and real-life evolution has two axes, with semantic structure analysis playing an important part on the linguistic plane, and analysis of the impact of language on real-life processes. The economic linguistics approach makes it possible to tie the predominant sense elements of any concept to the linguistic worldview of the national language and the sociocultural consciousness of the actual language community.The objective of this article is to introduce several linguistic ideas by revealing: 1) the method of reconstruction of deep semantic structures – the ‘semantic dowry’ analysis; 2) the method of identifying the predominant sense elements of a concept in the sociocultural consciousness of an actual language community based on the approach of economic linguistics. In order to demonstrate how this method works, the article identifies the predominant sense elements of the concept estiškumas (‘Estonianness’) denominated by the lexemes estas/estė/estai (‘Estonian’, N, SG-M/SG-F/PL) and estiškas/estiška (‘Estonian’, ADJ, M/S).Kokkuvõte. Jolanta Zabarskaitė: Eestist leedu keeles. Lekseemist estiškumas (‘eestilik’) leedu keeles majanduslingvistika vaatepunktist. 21. sajandil käimasolevad protsessid muudavad nii keelte rolle kui ka ühiskonna suhtumist neisse. Maailma virtualiseerumine, meedia mõju ja globaliseerumisprotsessid põhjustavad keele rollide muutumise. See on sundinud keeleteadust nagu ka teisi humanitaar- ja sotsiaalteadusi pöörduma neuroteaduste juurde ja keskenduma kognitiivsetele protsessidele. Keeleliste protsesside ja reaalse maailma evolutsiooni vahelisel vastastikmõjul on kaks telge: tähendusstruktuuri analüüs, mis mängib olulist osa keelelisel tasandil, ning keele mõju analüüs reaalse maailma protsessidele. Majanduslingvistiline lähenemine võimaldab siduda ükskõik millise mõiste peamised tähenduselemendid riigikeele keelelise maailmapildi ja tegeliku keelekogukonna sotsiokultuurilise teadvusega. Käesolevas artiklis tutvustatakse 1) semantiliste süvastruktuuride rekonstrueerimise meetodit ning 2) majanduslingvistilisel lähenemisel põhinevat meetodit, mis võimaldab tuvastada mõiste peamisi tähenduselemente tegeliku keelekogukonna sotsiokultuurilises teadvuses. Kirjeldamaks valitud meetodi rakendumist, selgitatakse lekseemide estas/estė/estai (‘eesti’, N) ning estiškas/estiška (‘eesti’, ADJ) näitel mõiste estiškumas (‘eestilikkus’) peamisi tähenduselemente.Märksõnad: eestilikkus; majanduslingvistika; semantika; tähendus; alltähendus; diskursus
Measuring Exaptation and Its Impact on Innovation, Search, and Problem Solving
Authors: Andriani Pierpaolo , Ali Ayfer , Mastrogiorgio Mariano
Published: March 2017

Exaptation, the emergence of latent functionality in existing artifacts, is an underexplored mechanism of novelty generation in innovation. In this paper, we measure the frequency of exaptation in the pharmaceutical industry. We find that about 42% of new functions derived from existing drugs have an exaptive nature. We think that this constitutes the first measure of exaptation in any industry. We also link exaptation with radical innovation and find that most radical innovations in our sample are exaptive. Also, nearly all radical innovations occur in market areas very distant from the drug’s original market. We propose that exaptive innovation constitutes a different search mechanism and problem-solving approach from deliberate innovation and discuss the role of context and serendipity in innovation.
Physical activity and exercise after stoma surgery: overcoming the barriers
Authors: Russell Sarah
Published: March 2017

This article presents the results from a large nationwide survey completed in 2016 that investigated the physical health and wellbeing of people living with stomas in the UK. In particular, the survey looked at physical activity and exercise, general attitudes and opinions about exercise, whether or not advice about physical activity had been received and other general questions about parastomal hernia and quality of life. There were 2631 respondents making it one of the largest known surveys to date. The findings were concerning yet unsurprising, highlighting a trend toward inactivity after stoma surgery and a fear of exercise in general. People also seem to have poor knowledge about appropriate activities, with many suggesting that the fear of developing a parastomal hernia is a major barrier to activity. Unsurprisingly, those who have a stoma owing to cancer seem to fare worse, reporting even lower levels of physical activity and worse quality of life compared to those with other conditions. This indicates that people who have a combination of a cancer diagnosis and also a stoma may need more specific or additional support in the longer term. The most concerning finding, however, was that the majority of patients could not recall being given any advice about exercise or physical activity by their nurse or surgeon. While this survey presents some initial findings, it raises questions for further research and work. It also highlights a significantly neglected area in both research and support for stoma patients and the health professionals caring for them.
Knowledge partnerships between schools and universities: modelling the process of connection and relations
Authors: Sigurðardóttir Anna Kristín , Morris Andrew , Skoglund Per , Tudjman Tomislav
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this paper is to throw light on sustained research–practice collaborations (called ‘schemes’ here) aimed at improving educational outcomes. The empirical work combines a survey of thirteen school–university knowledge-exchange schemes in six European countries, with four case studies drawn from these. Three theoretical models of knowledge use are employed to aid analysis of these cases. It is suggested that a judicious mix of the three perspectives helps in understanding what makes such collaborations successful. Stages in the cyclical process of improving practice through use of research are described, beginning with frank analysis of pre-existing ways of thinking and culminating in the challenge of altering established practice.
Pou Rewa, the Liquid Post, Māori Go Digital?
Authors: Mills Maree Anne
Published: March 2017

Art that uses non-traditional media and emerging technologies, specifically the electronic or digital, has the potential to create and nurture a distinctive ‘public space’ for the articulation of alternative Māori worldviews. Although a growing number of publications focus on contemporary Māori art practice, no specific attention has yet been given to the swelling numbers of Māori practitioners operating in the field of digital media. This essay contextualizes my earlier research in the wider framework of Māori digital art and seeks to explain a kaupapa Māori creative practice.
In Dialogue: Scott Benesiinaabandan’s waabana’iwewin (exhibition)
Authors: Isaac Jaimie
Published: March 2017

Jaimie Isaac selected a few works of Scott Benesiinaabandan’s and they discussed his process and art-technological experiments. The introduction and interview address overarching concepts in the world of technology and art to locate an Indigenous new media territory. Art and technology provides a continuum for Indigenous cultural knowledge, closing the gap between remoteness of place, gender, age and accessibility – a criticality of substance through the entanglement of knowledge is a continued necessity. Indigenous new media artists are actively confronting systems of information in the media by creating their own new technologies and frameworks to inform and influence a decolonized and self-determined identities. Scott Benesiinaabandan’s work has created new digital technologies and interactive media to expand the ways of telling a story, experience, personal/collective memory and knowledge.
Digital Games Stills
Authors: Pinnguaq
Published: March 2017

Provided are screenshots from the game Art Alive and concept art from the game Qalupalik.
Coming of Age under Colonialism
Authors: Kavara Wahe
Published: March 2017

Originally performed live in a club environment, this performance was later documented in a studio. It’s an autobiographical work that is a physical representation of decolonization of the self, the body, spirituality and sexuality.
Deciphering the Refusal of the Digital and Binary Codes of Sovereignty/Self-Determination and Civilized/Savage
Authors: Nagam Julie
Published: March 2017

In this brief essay I will attempt to discuss the theoretical debates between sovereignty/self-determination and recognition/emancipation as it relates to Indigenous and global theoretical positions. The above debate will be framed through selected artworks such as, in Pursuit of Venus by Maori artist Lisa Reihana, and Cheryl L’Hirondelle’s web-based Vancouver song lines project. This paper will be building on the idea that Indigenous engagement with digital and new technologies is unequivocally contemporary, and that their artwork is not stuck in the anthropological past for Indigenous artists working in this medium.
Something’s flaming in the kitchen: Exploring the kitchen as a stage of gay domesticity in Queer as Folk
Authors: Matos Angel Daniel
Published: March 2017

This article examines how Showtime’s Queer as Folk uses the space of the kitchen as a way of staging a negotiation and, at times, contestation of the normative image of gay domesticity that was emerging in American television during the early to mid-2000s. Through a close analysis of the programme’s representation of queer architecture, food preparation and misuse of kitchens, this discussion highlights the ways in which Queer as Folk complicates the assimilationist perspective of gay kitchens as a heteronormative, wholesome, family-oriented space. This article first traces the ways in which the kitchen functions as a locus of gay identity and domesticity in mainstream American television and then proceeds to unpack the ways in which kitchens in Queer as Folk comply with or challenge dominant narratives of gay domesticity. It will be shown that the programme’s use of kitchens pushes viewers to recognize the ways in which different models of gay home life are negotiated through spatial means.
The contextual integrity of the closet: Privacy, data mining and outing Facebook’s algorithmic logics
Authors: Werbin Kenneth C. , Lipton Mark , Bowman Matthew J.
Published: March 2017

In the 2010 book The Facebook Effect by David Kirkpatrick, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg made the claim that ‘users have one identity’. Through a critical theoretical analysis of a series of case studies of people being outed by Facebook, this article argues that ‘one identity’ and Facebook’s use of algorithms to drive profits are fundamentally incongruous with prevailing intersectional scholarship. The case studies articulate a theoretical framework that ties intersectional conceptions of gender and sexuality to social media and privacy. By aligning intersectional and privacy theories, the article argues that ‘one identity’ constitutes a violation of privacy norms as conceptualized by Helen Nissenbaum’s framework of contextual integrity. The article concludes that Facebook is anathema to the privacy and real life experiences of its users, which cannot fit into static categories and which change over time, mitigating the potential for the performance of fluid and intersectional identities.
What’s so funny about a snowman in a tiara? Exploring gender identity and gender nonconformity in children’s animated films
Authors: Patterson G , Spencer Leland G.
Published: March 2017

The year 2014 has been dubbed the ‘trans tipping point’, a new era of acceptance towards trans and gender-nonconforming identities. In addition, in recent years, children’s animated film has seen an influx of characters and storylines that appear to celebrate gender diversity. Using inductive and deductive thematic analysis, we examine the gendered messages in top-grossing children’s animated films from 2012 to 2015. Drawing from our analysis, we argue that such alleged gender diversity applies only to a narrow subset of characters in children’s animated film – and these same characters also often function to reinforce oppressive ideas about gender, race and sexuality. Ultimately, despite the visibility of gender diverse characters in and outside children’s film, we caution against premature celebrations that would regard such visibility as progress.
Upper arm circumference measurement for detecting overweight and obesity in children aged 6-7 years
Authors: Ayu Dewi Rosariah , Aditiawati Aditiawati , Anzar Julius , Bahar Erial
Published: March 2017

Background Obesity is a worldwide problem and is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Nutritional status in children has traditionally been determined by body mass index (BMI) scores, but with limitations. Upper arm circumference measurement may be a better predictor of energy, protein, and fat storage, as well as a simpler method for screening overweight and obesity in children.Objective To determine the diagnostic value of upper arm circumference compared to BMI for detecting overweight and obesity in children aged 6-7 years.Methods This diagnostic study with a cross-sectional design was performed from September to October 2015 at 16 primary schools in Palembang, Indonesia. We measured the heights, weights, and upper arm circumferences, and calculated BMIs of 2,258 children. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to find an optimal upper arm circumference cut-off point to detect overweight and obesity. Diagnostic value was calculated by using a 2x2 table analysis.Results The prevalences of overweight and obesity were 5.8% and 11.7%, respectively. The optimal upper arm circumference cut-off points for detecting overweight in children aged 6-7 years was 185 mm (sensitivity 88.1% and specificity 78.3%), and for obesity was 195 mm (sensitivity 90.15% and specificity 86.65%). Upper arm circumference had a strong correlation with BMI.Conclusion Upper arm circumference measurement is an accurate method fordistinguishing between normoweight, overweight, and obesity in children aged 6-7 years.
Transdisziplinär forschen: Varianten des Gelingens
Authors: Bieling Claudia
Published: March 2017

Obwohl Transdisziplinarität inzwischen in der Forschungspraxis in aller Munde ist, bleibt häufig noch in vielerlei Hinsicht unklar, wie ein transdisziplinärer Anspruch tatsächlich eingelöst werden kann. Denn der Forschungsansatz verschließt sich einfachen
Blaupausen und Patentrezepten und muss in jedem konkreten Fall immer wieder neu definiert und ausbalanciert werden. Zwei Sammelbände zeigen, wo wir im Hinblick auf transdisziplinäre Forschungspraxis stehen und welche Einsichten sich aus bisherigen Erfahrungen gewinnen lassen.
Urbane Agrikultur ‐ Impulse für eine nachhaltige Transformation von Stadt und Land
Authors: Moschitz Heidrun , Moser Ruth
Published: March 2017

Bei der saguf-Jahrestagung 2016 wurden ausgehend von Praxisbeispielen die Potenziale und Herausforderungen urbaner Agrikultur für eine nachhaltige Transformation von Stadt und Land diskutiert.
Gesellschaftsverträgliche Strom- und Wärmeversorgung: Ergebnisse aus der Sozial-ökologischen Forschung
Authors: Libbe Jens , Riechel Robert , Timpe Christof , Bauknecht Dierk
Published: March 2017

Die Transformation des Energiesystems schreitet voran: Neben der Stromproduktion sollen erneuerbare Energien zunehmend auch die Wärmeversorgung sicherstellen. Der Umstieg auf erneuerbare Energien ist nicht allein eine technische Aufgabe ‐ es gilt, den Umbau der Wärmeversorgungssysteme
und den Ausbau der Stromnetze transparent und an den Bedürfnissen der Gesellschaft ausgerichtet zu gestalten.
Towards a National Ecosystem Assessment in Germany: A Plea for a Comprehensive Approach
Authors: Albert Christian , Neßhöver Carsten , Schröter Matthias , Wittmer Heidi , Bonn Aletta , Burkhard Benjamin , Dauber Jens , Döring Ralf , Fürst Christine , Grunewald Karsten , Haase Dagmar , Hansjürgens Bernd , Hauck Jennifer , Hinzmann Mandy , Koellner Thomas , Plieninger Tobias , Rabe Sven-Erik , Ring Irene , Spangenberg Joachim H. , Stachow Ulrich , Wüstemann Henry , Görg Christoph
Published: March 2017

We present options for a National Ecosystem Assessment in Germany (NEA-DE) that could inform decision-makers on the state and trends of ecosystems and ecosystem services. Characterizing a NEA-DE, we argue that its cross-sectoral, integrative approach would have
the advantages of increased scientific understanding, addressing specific policy questions and creating science-policy dialogues. Challenges include objections against a utilitarian perspective, reservations concerning power relations, and responsibilities concerning the funding.