bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetes Detection Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Goyal Ayushi , Sawlani Ms. Chandani
Published: January 2025

The increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide has prompted the medical community to explore advanced
technologies for efficient and intelligent detection systems. Machine learning and deep learning methodologies
have emerged as promising tools in this domain. This study critically examines contemporary advancements in
these techniques for diabetes identification and classification. A significant challenge identified is the limited
availability of comprehensive diabetes dataset.This study aims to bridge the gap in effective diabetes
management by employing advanced machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) technologies. By
automating the detection process, we not only improve the accuracy and efficiency of diabetes diagnosis but
also pave the way for non-invasive monitoring solutions. The integration of these technologies holds immense
promise for early intervention, ultimately reducing diabetes complications and healthcare costs. Furthermore, the potential of real-time analysis and remote monitoring could significantly enhance patient care outcomes globally
OHMIC Resistance Measurement
Authors: Muñoz Manuel Aguila , Baza Yoram Astudillo , Sabino Manuel Torres
Published: January 2025

The procedure for measuring relatively high ohmic resistance (RHR) is shown. The indirect method is used, which
allows determining the best estimate of the magnitude of an ohmic resistance. This procedure is an alternative to
make an exact estimate of the magnitude of a resistance. greater than 10 Ω. Starting from Ohm's law, the
mathematical model is developed that considers the readings of voltmeter, ammeter and thermometer; this model implies correction for temperature at 20 °C of the measured magnitude. In addition, an experimental example is shown, the magnitude obtained is compared against the measurement made with a Wheatstone bridge.
Image Matching Approach Integrated To Image Evaluation Techniques To Generate Augmented Reality In The Open Area Environments
Authors: KUCUKUYSAL Fatih
Published: January 2025

Positioning of a XR/VR glasses with high accuracy in the open area environments and augmentation of
simulated objects refers to the problem to give the real environment feeling during the training in a real
environment to the trainees. In this article, an image matching approach will be proposed for generating a high
accuracy image matching algorithm to use in the simulation systems while maximizing interactivity in the
training area using by locating the glasses user with high accuracy. Current methods use sensors and cameras
of the glasses, to locate the glasses in the environment that can give erroneous results while the data generated
by the sensors. This paper proposes a technique that uses image matching algorithms to locate glasses by using previously given images with a known position. HARRIS and SIFT algorithms will be compared in robustness, implementation side for usage in real time on glasses
A Real-Time Flood Monitoring and Alert System: Enhancing Community Resilience through Technology Integration – A case Study of River Tana in Kenya
Authors: Kamau Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Flooding remains one of the most devastating natural disasters, exacerbated by climate change, urbanization,
and inadequate monitoring systems. This study presents a real-time flood monitoring and alert system aimed at
improving disaster preparedness and community resilience. By employing ultrasonic sensors for water level
monitoring, predictive analytics, and SMS-based alert dissemination, providing a robust and scalable solution
to mitigate flood impacts. Using the River Tana in Kenya as a pilot site, the study combines localized data
collection, stakeholder engagement, and incremental software development. Results indicate a high level of
stakeholder approval and system reliability, with real-time alerts providing critical lead times for disaster response. This research highlights the importance of integrating modern technology with community-based approaches to address global flood challenges
Large‐scale sequencing studies expand the known genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Xue Diane , Bush William S. , Renton Alan E. , Marcora Edoardo A. , Bis Joshua C. , Kunkle Brian W. ,   The Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project, Boerwinkle Eric , DeStefano Anita L. , Farrer Lindsay , Goate Alison , Mayeux Richard , Pericak‐Vance Margaret , Schellenberg Gerard , Seshadri Sudha , Wijsman Ellen , Haines Jonathan L. , Blue Elizabeth E.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Genes implicated by genome‐wide association studies and family‐based studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are largely discordant. We hypothesized that genes identified by sequencing studies like the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP) may bridge this gap and highlight shared biological mechanisms.

Methods

We performed structured literature review of genes prioritized by ADSP studies, genes underlying familial dementias, and genes nominated by genome‐wide association studies. Gene set enrichment analyses of each list identified enriched pathways.

Results

The genes prioritized by the ADSP, familial dementia studies, and genome‐wide association studies minimally overlapped. Each gene set identified dozens of enriched pathways, several of which were shared (e.g., regulation of amyloid beta clearance).

Discussion

Alternative study designs provide unique insights into AD genetics. Shared pathways enriched by different genes highlight their relevance to AD pathogenesis, while the patterns of pathway enrichment unique to each gene set provide additional targets for functional studies.
Separation and Detection of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine‐derived Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Using Microchip Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection
Authors: Weerasekara Dhanushka B. , Lunte Susan M.
Published: January 2022

A method for the determination of selected aromatic amino acid biomarkers of oxidative stress using microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection is described. The separation of the major reaction products of phenylalanine and tyrosine with reactive nitrogen and oxygen species was accomplished using ligand exchange micellar electrokinetic chromatography with a PDMS/glass hybrid chip. Electrochemical detection was achieved using a pyrolyzed photoresist film working electrode. The system was evaluated for the analysis of the products of the Fenton reaction with tyrosine and phenylalanine, and the reaction of peroxynitrite with tyrosine.
Classification of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by brain volume, connectivity, and network dynamics
Authors: Thome Janine , Steinbach Robert , Grosskreutz Julian , Durstewitz Daniel , Koppe Georgia
Published: January 2022

Emerging studies corroborate the importance of neuroimaging biomarkers and machine learning to improve diagnostic classification of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While most studies focus on structural data, recent studies assessing functional connectivity between brain regions by linear methods highlight the role of brain function. These studies have yet to be combined with brain structure and nonlinear functional features. We investigate the role of linear and nonlinear functional brain features, and the benefit of combining brain structure and function for ALS classification. ALS patients (N = 97) and healthy controls (N = 59) underwent structural and functional resting state magnetic resonance imaging. Based on key hubs of resting state networks, we defined three feature sets comprising brain volume, resting state functional connectivity (rsFC), as well as (nonlinear) resting state dynamics assessed via recurrent neural networks. Unimodal and multimodal random forest classifiers were built to classify ALS. Out‐of‐sample prediction errors were assessed via five‐fold cross‐validation. Unimodal classifiers achieved a classification accuracy of 56.35–61.66%. Multimodal classifiers outperformed unimodal classifiers achieving accuracies of 62.85–66.82%. Evaluating the ranking of individual features' importance scores across all classifiers revealed that rsFC features were most dominant in classification. While univariate analyses revealed reduced rsFC in ALS patients, functional features more generally indicated deficits in information integration across resting state brain networks in ALS. The present work undermines that combining brain structure and function provides an additional benefit to diagnostic classification, as indicated by multimodal classifiers, while emphasizing the importance of capturing both linear and nonlinear functional brain properties to identify discriminative biomarkers of ALS.
Connecting during COVID: The application of teleservices in two integrated perinatal settings
Authors: Ehmer Amelia C. , Scott Stephen M. , Smith Hana , Ashby Bethany D.
Published: January 2022

Integrated perinatal behavioral healthcare provides opportunities to support women and their babies as part of their primary care medical home. The COVID‐19 pandemic required significant changes to be made to medical practices to enhance safety and reduce risk, particularly for vulnerable populations, including pregnant women. Previously established modes of mental health service delivery in the HEART program, an integrated behavioral health program embedded in a primary care clinic for adolescent mothers and their babies, and the PROMISE Clinic, an integrated obstetric behavioral health program that serves pregnant women, quickly pivoted to telehealth services because of the pandemic. HEART serves a racially and ethnically diverse patient population, with over 85% of patients publicly insured. The PROMISE Clinic serves a socioeconomically, racially, and ethnically diverse patient population. Behavioral health clinicians implemented a variety of technology‐based services including telephone interventions and support, virtual visits using iPads during medical visits, and video visits that patients accessed from their homes. In HEART, behavioral health visits continued at pre‐COVID rates during telehealth adaptations. In the PROMISE clinic, the number of perinatal women seen doubled, the total number of patient contacts tripled, and the missed appointment rate significantly decreased during COVID. In the PROMISE clinic, significantly more White and Hispanic perinatal women were seen during COVID and telehealth adaptations, while significantly fewer Black perinatal women were seen during this period. Further research is indicated to examine patient attitudes towards telehealth services, barriers to treatment for Black women, and outcome data.
Increased behavioral health needs and continued psychosocial stress among children with medical complexity and their families during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: von Schulz Jonna , Serrano Verenea , Buchholz Melissa , Natvig Crystal , Talmi Ayelet
Published: January 2022

Objective

Children with medical complexity (CMC) and their caregivers are at increased risk for multiple psychosocial stressors that can impact child and family well‐being and health outcomes. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, when access to supports diminished, psychosocial screening and integrated behavioral health (IBH) services in the primary care setting were crucial in identifying and addressing the unique needs of this population

Methods

Universal screening to identify psychosocial needs was implemented in a primary care clinic for CMC that includes IBH services. Data on the prevalence of psychosocial screening and IBH services for young children and their caregivers before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic were evaluated

Results

Psychosocial screening levels remained stable during the pandemic. Psychosocial needs were identified for 36% of screeners prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic and 33% during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The need for IBH services increased during the COVID‐19 time period resulting in a significant increase in IBH services

Conclusions

For CMC and their caregivers, psychosocial needs identified through psychosocial screening remained high during the pandemic, demonstrating the importance of screening for this population. The need for IBH services during the COVID‐19 pandemic increased, underscoring the value and demand for these services particularly during an unprecedented time.
Correlation between motor behavior and age‐related intervertebral disc degeneration in cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Wang Jianmin , Zhu Peixuan , Pan Ximin , Yang Jun , Wang Shijun , Wang Wentao , Li Baoliang , Zhu Zhengya , Tang Tao , Chen Dafu , Gao Manman , Zhou Zhiyu
Published: January 2022

Background

The motor behavior in patients with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and animal models should be changed due to pain. However, there does not seem to be a strong correlation between IDD and motor behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the correlation between motor behavior and age‐related IDD.

Methods

Twenty‐one healthy male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) distributed across the age range were included in this study. The experimental animals were divided into two groups: caged group (n = 14) and free‐range group (n = 7). The data of IDD and motor behavior were obtained through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and PrimateScan Automatic Behavior Analysis System. More than 20 basic motor behaviors could be recorded and quantified, and then reclassified into 9 combined categories. We defined the sum of the duration of activity‐related combined categories as the total duration of activity in 3 hours. The activity zone of the cynomolgus monkeys in the cage could be divided into top and bottom zones. Analyze the correlation between motor behavior and IDD.

Results

Age was correlated with both Pfirrmann grades (r = .700; P < .001) and T2 values (r = −.369; P < .001). The T2 value in the caged group was 45.97 ± 8.35 ms, which was significantly lower than the 55.90 ± 8.73 ms in the free‐range group (P < .001). The mean T2 values were positively correlated with hanging duration (r = .548, P < .05), the total duration of activity (r = .496, P < .05), and top zone duration (r = .541, P < .05).

Conclusions

There is an interactional relationship between IDD and motor behavior. Motor behavior could be used as one of the diagnostic indicators of IDD. It could also be used to infer the presence or extent of IDD in animal models. Avoiding a sedentary lifestyle and engaging in exercise in daily life could alleviate IDD.
A randomized clinical trial of prolonged exposure and applied relaxation for the treatment of Latinos with posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Vera Mildred , Obén Adriana , Juarbe Deborah , Hernández Norberto , Kichic Rafael , Hembree Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2022

Robust evidence supports the use of prolonged exposure therapy (PE) as a first‐line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, Latinos have not benefitted equally from advancements in the treatment of PTSD and continue to face barriers to receiving care. There is consensus that it is necessary to support the expansion of high‐quality culturally and linguistically appropriate treatment to address disparities experienced by racial and ethnic minorities in behavioral health care. The current study was a randomized controlled trial comparing a culturally adapted PE intervention with applied relaxation (AR) among Spanish‐speaking Latinos with PTSD in Puerto Rico. Eligible participants (N = 98) were randomly assigned to PE (n = 49) or AR (n = 49). Both treatments included 12–15 weekly sessions each lasting 60–90 min. The primary outcome, clinician‐rated PTSD symptom severity, was assessed using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐5 at baseline, posttreatment, and 3‐month follow‐up. Secondary outcomes were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results showed a large within‐group effect of treatment on PTSD symptoms, PE: d = 1.29, 95% CI [1.12, 2.05]; AR: d = 1.38, 95% CI [1.21, 2.19]. The between‐group effect on PTSD symptoms was small, d = −0.09, 95% CI [−0.48, 0.31]. Participants in both treatment conditions reported significant decreases in PTSD symptoms from baseline to follow‐up; additionally, significant within‐group reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms were observed. These findings underscore the potential benefit of PE and AR for the treatment of Spanish‐speaking Latinos with PTSD.
Addressing co‐occurring suicidal thoughts and behaviors and posttraumatic stress disorder in evidence‐based psychotherapies for adults: A systematic review
Authors: Rozek David C. , Baker Shelby N. , Rugo Kelsi F. , Steigerwald Victoria L. , Sippel Lauren M. , Holliday Ryan , Roberge Erika M. , Held Philip , Mota Natalie , Smith Noelle B.
Published: January 2022

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well‐established risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Historically, guidelines for treating PTSD have recommended against the use of trauma‐focused therapies for patients who are at high risk for suicide, likely due to concerns about potential suicide‐related iatrogenesis, specifically the “triggering” of suicidal behaviors. This systematic review examined evidence of the impact of treatments specifically designed to treat PTSD or suicide on both PTSD‐ and suicide‐related outcomes. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and a total of 33 articles met the full inclusion criteria: 23 examining PTSD treatments, four examining suicide‐focused treatments, and six examining combined treatments. PTSD and combined treatments reduced both PTSD‐ and suicide‐related outcomes, with most studies focusing on cognitive processing therapy or prolonged exposure. Suicide‐focused treatments (e.g., cognitive therapies for suicide prevention) also reduced suicide‐related outcomes, but the findings were mixed for their impact on PTSD‐related outcomes. Overall, PTSD treatments had the most support, primarily due to a larger number of studies examining their outcomes. This supports current clinical guidelines, which suggest utilizing PTSD treatments for individuals who have PTSD and are at risk for suicide. Suicide‐focused and combined treatments also appeared to be promising formats, although additional research is needed. Future research should seek to compare the effectiveness of the approaches to the treatment of PTSD and suicidal thoughts and behaviors concurrently as well as to inform guidelines aimed at supporting decisions about the selection of an appropriate treatment approach.
Analysis of socioeconomic factors in laryngology clinic utilization for treatment of dysphonia
Authors: White Shane W. , Bock Jonathan M. , Blumin Joel H. , Friedland David R. , Adams Jazzmyne A. , Tong Ling , Osinski Kristen , Luo Jake
Published: January 2022

Objective

To evaluate the association between patient socioeconomic and demographic factors and tertiary care utilization for dysphonia in a localized metropolitan area of the American Midwest.

Methods

Multivariate regression analysis was used to correlate patient demographics and population level data (e.g., age, gender, race, insurance, median income, education level) with tertiary laryngology utilization for dysphonia care at our institution between 2000 and 2019. Initial analyses characterized tertiary laryngology utilization rates for all regional ZIP codes and correlated these data with census information for household income and education. Dysphonia patient demographics were compared among populations cared for in our entire academic Otolaryngology department, our health system, and the regional population.

Results

Among 1,365,021 patients in our health system, there were 7066 tertiary laryngology visits with a diagnosis of dysphonia. Dysphonia patients as compared to the overall health system were older (62.0 vs. 50.8 years), more likely to be female (63.7 vs. 50.2%) and more likely to have insurance (98.4 vs. 87.5%, all p < .001). Patient and population‐level factors including insurance status, education, and black race showed positive correlation with laryngology utilization while median income did not.

Conclusions and Relevance

Insurance status, education level, and race correlated with utilization of tertiary laryngology services for the evaluation of dysphonia in our community, while median income did not. Black patients utilized tertiary laryngology care at higher rates compared to departmental and regional population utilization data. These results underscore important demographic and disease‐specific factors that may affect utilization of subspecialty care in Otolaryngology.

Level of Evidence

IV
Chemiedidaktik: Anodenmaterial für Lithiumionenakkus untersuchen
Authors: Rosenberg Dominique
Published: January 2022

Batterien auf Lithiumionenbasis mit Graphitanoden sind die meistverwendeten Energiespeicher für Tablets, Smartphones oder Elektroautos. Eisensulfid als Anodenmaterial könnte leistungsstärkere Akkus liefern. Diese lassen sich auch im Chemieunterricht und im Hochschulpraktikum darstellen und experimentell untersuchen.
Digitalisierung: Mit einem E‐Book in die organische Chemie starten
Authors: Cornelius Soraya , Bohrmann‐Linde Claudia
Published: January 2022

Wenn E‐Books für den Chemieunterricht als interaktive Selbstlernbücher gestaltet sind, also beispielsweise Erklärvideos, Quizze oder Lern‐Apps enthalten, fördern sie eigenständiges Arbeiten der Lernenden. Auch Experimentieranleitungen bieten sich als Inhalt solcher Selbstlernbücher an.
Smartes mit Singulett‐Sauerstoff
Authors: Galstyan Anzhela
Published: January 2022

Auch wenn Singulett‐Sauerstoff (1O2) ein kurzlebiger, metastabiler, angeregter Zustand des molekularen Sauerstoffs ist, stellt er ein attraktives synthetisches Werkzeug für nachhaltige Oxidationen dar. Darüber hinaus könnte die O2‐Sensibilisierung für die Biokonjugation von Proteinen genutzt werden und sich eignen, zelluläre Umgebungen in lebenden Zellen zu untersuchen.
Trendbericht Festkörperchemie 2022
Authors: Wolf Silke , Klemenz Sebastian , Bruns Jörn
Published: January 2022

Über weiße Magnete, ungewöhnliche Hydride, ein Elektrid gewonnen aus Plasma, den Kampf zwischen Lewis und Brønsted, Synthesen unter hohem und höherem Druck, nachhaltige Batteriematerialien sowie Katalysatoren für die Wasserspaltung und mehr.
Arbeitsschutz: Winziges abwaschen
Authors: Wetterau Jörg
Published: January 2022

Der Leibniz‐Forschungsverbund Nanosicherheit will Nanomaterialien und ‐produkte schon in der Entwicklung sicherer gestalten. Falls doch einmal Partikel auf die Haut gelangen, hat ein Start‐up ein Mittel entwickelt, das diese von der Haut entfernt.
Chemie gegen Antibiotikaresistenzen?
Authors: Groß Michael
Published: January 2022

Antibiotikaresistenzen breiten sich bedrohlich aus. Mit der seit Jahrzehnten etablierten Methode, natürliche Antibiotika semisynthetisch zu variieren, ist das Rennen gegen die Evolution nicht mehr zu gewinnen. Cleverer Einsatz von Strukturbiologie, Chemie und Computern soll jetzt die Wende bringen.
Towards a Modular Elbow Exoskeleton: Concepts for Design and System Control
Authors: Ersoysal Samet , Hoffmann Niclas , Ralfs Lennart , Weidner Robert
Published: January 2022

In industrial workplaces, strenuous, repetitive, and long-term tasks at head level or above as well as carrying heavy loads may lead to musculoskeletal disorders of different task dependent body parts. With an increasing trend towards wearable support systems, there is already a large quantity of exoskeletons that may support the user during movements, or stabilize postures, in order to reduce strain on various parts of the body. However, most commercially available exoskeletons mainly focus on the back and shoulder support. Only a few of them address the elbow joint, despite it being prone to injury. Therefore, this paper discusses different possible design and control concepts of modular elbow exoskeletons. The modular architecture potentially enables coupling to existing commercial- and research-associated systems, through appropriate interfaces. Different morphological structures and control mechanisms are assessed in respect to their ability to extend common exoskeletons for back and shoulder support. Based on these considerations, a first functional passive prototype is presented, which supports the flexion of the elbow joint and can be coupled to an existing exoskeleton. In future work, the prototype may be used for further elaboration and practical investigations in laboratory settings to evaluate its technical functionality and biomechanical effects on the user.
An Approach to Integrate a Blockchain-Based Payment Model and Independent Secure Documentation for a Robot as a Service
Authors: Müller Rainer , Kanso Ali , Adler Fabian
Published: January 2022

Robots for hire instead of purchase are developing an increasing interest among customers. This article will present a concept developed at ZeMA for the integration of a blockchain-based payment module and manipulation-proof documentation of process-specific data. This should improve the business model of hiring robots not only in terms of technical components but also in terms of economic considerations. In this way, the billing process can be automated to a certain extent, and a legally secure basis with the manipulation-proof storage of process-specific data can be created. The advantages and disadvantages of blockchain, in relation to Robot as a Service, will be highlighted and it will be shown how the disadvantages can be negated. The current limits of blockchain will also be shown. The blockchain technology IOTA is used.
Towards Semi Automated Pre-assembly for Aircraft Interior Production
Authors: Kalscheuer Florian , Eschen Henrik , Schüppstuhl Thorsten
Published: January 2022

The growing aviation market puts first tier suppliers of aircraft interior under great pressure. Cabin monuments, not only consist of various assemblies with a wide range of parts, they are also highly customized by the airliners. Historically grown, poorly optimized manual processes offer the required flexibility, but limit the production rate of the individual products. The aviation industry responds with an increased use of automation technology. Recent standardization and automation approaches for efficient manufacturing, lead to an increase in productivity of these low volume products. However, complementary approaches to increase the degree of automation during assembly of aircraft interior components are missing. To reach a higher degree of automation this paper presents a derivation of cabin specific assembly processes with a varying degree of automation. First the range of components and processes in pre-assembly is analyzed with respect to automation. Based on the analysis, components and processes are classified in standardized groups. Fully automated and flexible automation processes are introduced to develop a semi-automated system. Furthermore, the required flow of information is described. Discussion of the results shows that the presented solution allows a flexible pre-assembly of low-volume interior parts and sets a baseline for further digitalization approaches.
Web Service for Point Cloud Supported Robot Programming Using Machine Learning
Authors: Enes Kristina
Published: January 2022

In industrial automation, the use of robots is already standard. But there is still a lot of room for further automation. One such place where improvements can be made is in the adjustment of a production system to new and unknown products. Currently, this task includes the reprogramming of the robot and a readjustment of the image processing algorithms if sensors are involved. This takes time, effort, and a specialist, something especially small and middle-sized companies shy away from. We propose to represent a physical production line with a digital twin, using the simulated production system to generate labeled data to be used for training in a deep learning component. An artificial neural network will be trained to both recognize and localize the observed products. This allows the production line to handle both known and unknown products more flexible. The deep learning component itself is located in a cloud and can be accessed through a web service, allowing any member of the staff to initiate the training, regardless of their programming skills. In summary, our approach addresses not only further automation in manufacturing but also the use of synthesized data for deep learning.
Usage of Augmented Reality for Improved Human-Machine Interaction and Real-Time Error Correction of Laboratory Units
Authors: Bilous Vadym , Städter J. Philipp , Gebauer Marc , Berger Ulrich
Published: January 2022

For future innovations, complex Industry 4.0-technologies need to improve the interaction of humans and technology. Augmented Reality (AR) has a significant potential for this task by introducing more interactivity into modern technical assistance systems. However, AR systems are usually very expensive and thus unsuitable for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Furthermore, the machine's reliable data transfer to the AR applications and the user activity indication appear to be problematic. This work proposes a solution to these problems. A simple and scalable data transfer from industrial systems to Android applications has been developed.The suggested prototype demonstrates an AR application for troubleshooting and error correction in real-time, even on mobile or wearable devices, while working in a laboratory unit to simulate and solve various errors. The unit components (small garage doors) are equipped with sensors. The information about the state of the system is available in real-time at any given moment and is transmitted to a mobile or wearable device (tablet or smart glass) equipped with AR application. The operator is enabled to preview the required information in a graphical form (marks and cursors). Potential errors are shown and solved with an interactive manual. The system can be used for training purposes to achieve more efficient error correction and faster repairing.
Scalability of Assembly Line Automation Based on the Integrated Product Development Approach
Authors: Hoffmann Florian , Wesskamp Vanessa , Bleck Raphael , Deuse Jochen
Published: January 2022

Product life cycles change, market developments and quantities are increasingly difficult to predict, as is the case in the production of charging stations. For these reasons, scalable assembly concepts with an adaptable degree of automation are becoming increasingly important. Currently, charging stations are still manufactured manually. With increasing quantities, however, manual production is no longer economical. New technologies such as lightweight robotics offer a great potential for making production more flexible in terms of quantity. At the same time, new challenges arise because these requirements must be taken into account from the very beginning of product development and process planning. Currently, there are no planning approaches and recommendations for action that take this into consideration. Therefore, the research project “Simultaneous product and process development of a charging station outlet module suitable for automation” (SUPPLy) develops an integrated, digital and simultaneous product and process development of a modular charging station suitable for automation. The aim of the project is to develop an assembly process which enables an economic production of charging stations in case of fluctuating sales figures. The focus is not only on changes in the production process but also on a product design that is suitable for automation. The paper presents the ideas on a conceptual level.
Classification of Assembly Operations Using Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Papenberg Björn , Rückert Patrick , Tracht Kirsten
Published: January 2022

Visual sensor data of manual assembly operations offers rich information that can be extracted in order to analyze and digitalize the assembly. The worker’s interaction with tools and objects, as well as the spatial–temporal nature of assembly operations, makes the recognition and classification of assembly operations a complex task. Therefore, classical methods of computer vision do not provide a sufficient solution. This paper presents a recurrent neural network for the classification of manual assembly operations using visual sensor data and addresses the question as to what extent such a solution is feasible in terms of robustness and reliability. Since complex assembly operations are a combination of basic movements, four main assembly operations of the Methods Time-Measurement base operations are classified using a machine learning approach. A dataset of these four assembly operations, reach, grasp, move and release, containing RGB-, infrared-, and depth-data is used. A Convolutional Neural Network—Long Short Term Memory architecture is investigated regarding its applicability due to the spatial–temporal nature of the data.
Optimized High Precision Stacking of Fuel Cell Components for Medium to Large Production Volumes
Authors: Schäfer Jens , Fleischer Jürgen
Published: January 2022

PEM fuel cells are well established in a number of niche markets. However, due to low production volume and manufacturer-specific designs, the assembly has been carried out manually most of the time. With new fields of application being exploited there is a rising demand for production systems. As there is no standardized design or material, production systems are often custom-made, thus being inflexible to design changes or different products. In combination with a volatile demand the need for flexible and scalable systems arises. In this paper special attention is paid onto pick and place operations of the catalyst coated membrane (CCM). Design criteria of a vacuum gripper are derived from the material properties. To meet the further requirements for a high position accuracy in an automated assembly the impact of process parameters onto the repeatability is investigated to identify optimization trends. The requirements and investigations lead to a conceptual assembly system that is able to cover several steps in fuel cell production.
LiDAR-Based Localization for Formation Control of Multi-Robot Systems
Authors: Recker Tobias , Zhou Bin , Stüde Marvin , Wielitzka Mark , Ortmaier Tobias , Raatz Annika
Published: January 2022

Controlling the formation of several mobile robots allows for the connection of these robots to a larger virtual unit. This enables the group of mobile robots to carry out tasks that a single robot could not perform. In order to control all robots like a unit, a formation controller is required, the accuracy of which determines the performance of the group. As shown in various publications and our previous work, the accuracy and control performance of this controller depends heavily on the quality of the localization of the individual robots in the formation, which itself depends on the ability of the robots to locate themselves within a map. Other errors are caused by inaccuracies in the map. To avoid any errors related to the map or external sensors, we plan to calculate the relative positions and velocities directly from the LiDAR data. To do this, we designed an algorithm which uses the LiDAR data to detect the outline of individual robots. Based on this detection, we estimate the robots pose and combine this estimate with the odometry to improve the accuracy. Lastly, we perform a qualitative evaluation of the algorithm using a Faro laser tracker in a realistic indoor environment, showing benefits in localization accuracy for environments with a low density of landmarks.
Web-Based Platform for Planning and Configuration of Robot-Based Automation Solutions: A Retrospective View on the Research Project ROBOTOP
Authors: Schäffer Eike , Gönnheimer Philipp , Kupzik Daniel , Brossog Matthias , Coutandin Sven , Franke Jörg , Fleischer Jürgen
Published: January 2022

Automation solutions in production represent a sensible and long-term cost-effective alternative to manual work, especially for physically strenuous or dangerous activities. However, especially for small companies, automation solutions are associated with a considerable initial complexity and a high effort in planning and implementation. The ROBOTOP project, a consortium of industrial companies and research institutes has therefore developed a flexible web platform for the simplified, modular planning and configuration of robot-based automation solutions for frequent tasks. In this paper, an overview of the project’s scientific findings and the resulting platform is given. Therefore, challenges due to the scope of knowledge-based engineering configurators like the acquisition of necessary data, its description, and the graphical representation are outlined. Insights are given into the platform’s functions and its technical separation into different Microservices such as Best Practice selection, configuration, simulation, AML-data-exchange and spec-sheet generator with the focus on the configuration. Finally, the user experience and potentials are highlighted.
Combined Structural and Dimensional Synthesis of a Parallel Robot for Cryogenic Handling Tasks
Authors: Schappler Moritz , Jahn Philipp , Raatz Annika , Ortmaier Tobias
Published: January 2022

The combined structural and dimensional synthesis is a tool for finding the robot structure that is suited best for a given task by means of global optimization. The handling task in cryogenic environments gives strong constraints on the robot synthesis, which are translated by an engineering design step into the combined synthesis algorithm. This allows to reduce the effort of the combined synthesis, which provides concepts for alternative robot designs and indications on how to modify the existing design prototype, a linear Delta robot with flexure hinges. Promising design candidates are the 3PRRU and 3PRUR, which outperform the linear Delta (3PUU) regarding necessary actuator force.
Computing Gripping Points in 2D Parallel Surfaces Via Polygon Clipping
Authors: Vogt Ludwig , Zimmermann Yannick , Schilp Johannes
Published: January 2022

To generate suitable grasping positions between tessellated handling objects and specific planar grippers, we propose a 2D analytical approach which uses a polygon clipping algorithm to generate detailed information about the intersection between both objects. With the generated knowledge about the intersection we check whether its shape fits to the set criteria of the operator and represents a valid grasping position. Before the polygon clipping algorithm is applied, a preprocessing step is performed, where appropriate surfaces from the handling object and the gripper are extracted. After rotating all surfaces into a common plane, potential clipping positions are detected and the clipping is performed to get an accurate intersection detection. The validation shows comparable running times to a OBBTree algorithm (0.1 ms per grasping position) while increasing the stability of the results from 30 to 100% for the evaluated test objects.
The Civic
Authors: Brown Marvin T.
Published: January 2022

We bring forth a civic realm with the mutual recognition of our shared humanity that allows us to repair violations of human dignity and to restore social coherence. Given our social inequalities, this takes the form of those who have resources (citizens) responding to the rightful demands of those do not (civilians). The paradigmatic model for civic engagement is the Civilian Review Board, where citizens listen and respond to civilian claims for justice and limits of the use of force. The civilian call for limits can be applied to the other three parts of the four-part framework: the Earth, humanity, and the social. This gives us permission to recognize that we have only one Earth, that death is a natural limit to human life, and that social trends, such as American Prosperity, should not be treated as limitless. Acknowledging these limitations is a necessary condition for creating a climate of justice.
White Compromises and American Prosperity
Authors: Brown Marvin T.
Published: January 2022

The development and protection of American Prosperity was contingent upon Northern and Southern white men making compromises that allowed the continuance of slavery. These white compromises in 1787, 1820, 1850, and 1877 not only protected white supremacy, but also unity of the settler’s economy. The Federal government invaded the Southern states not to abolish slavery, but to preserve the union. After the War, during Reconstruction, Blacks started schools, farmed the land, and were elected to local, state, and national offices. This period of Black empowerment was cut short when Northern and Southern states compromised again to allow the establishment of the Jim Crow regime, the terrorism of lynching, and the re-establishment of the Ku Klux Klan. This compromise was disrupted with the 1960s civil rights movements, which has left us today without the unity necessary to create a climate of justice.
The Sharecropper’s Story and An Ethics for Environmentalism
Authors: Brown Marvin T.
Published: January 2022

The progress and now the danger of American Prosperity has relied on the treatment of the Earth as “land.” The story of “lands” around the Atlantic include people viewing the Earth as “Mother,” as “sacred,” and a gift, and as a thing. While the English Common Law treated land as property, the Latin/Roman view saw land as having a “social function.” This view seems implicit in the decision of freed Blacks after the Civil War to choose sharecropping over wages. They believed that “the tillers of the soil should be guaranteed possession of the land” (from the Creed of the Southern Tenant Farmers’ Union). Returning to the sharecroppers’ desire opens the possibility of changing the current course of history by taking reciprocity or “balanced social relations” as our guiding star. Balancing social relations would entail reparations of unbalanced relations and sharing a city’s land wealth with all the city’s inhabitants.
Civilian Empowerment: A Theological Inquiry
Authors: Brown Marvin T.
Published: January 2022

A theological inquiry into civilian empowerment approaches “god” or “gods” as sources of power. Since our conception of god depends on what we can say—our language—the gods of empowerment belong to our various social worlds. We could understand the flow of power here as one where God empowers the church and then shares it with society, or where God empowers people in society and the church gives witness to it. The protestant theologians Paul Lehmann and Edward Hobbs take the second view. Lehmann’s approach opens us to a community-creating power that other language communities besides the Christian church could articulate and celebrate. Hobbs explains how the Christian trinity exposes our limitations, hubris, and the call to care for others. These theologies reveal our human capacity to create caring communities with the power to call for change.
Salutogenesis From Its Origins to the Present
Authors: Mittelmark Maurice B.
Published: January 2022

Part I provides an overview of the development of the field of salutogenesis, as background for the remaining chapters in The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Chapter 2 by Bengt Lindström reviews mileposts in the development of the field from the late 1990s until today. Chapter 3 by Maurice Mittelmark and Georg Bauer is a revision and expansion of a chapter in the 2017 Edition, meant to convey some of the main ways the term ‘salutogenesis’ is used today. Chapter 4 is of particular importance in this Handbook. Written by Aaron Antonovsky’s son Avishai Antonovsky, and by one of his closest colleagues and former PhD student, Shifra Sagy; this revised chapter from the 2017 Edition provides the first biography of the founding father of salutogenesis. Chapter 5, also from the 2017 Edition, is a summary of Antonovsky’s development of the Salutogenic Model of Health. The editors are convinced it is among the best synopses available. Chapter 6 by Georg Bauer provides the reader with a description of Salutogenesis meeting places. The reader wanting to connect more directly to a global salutogenesis network will find this chapter to be of great practical value. Finally, Chap. 7 by Lenneke Vaandrager of The Netherlands and colleagues from Spain, Germany, Italy, Norway, the United Kingdom and Poland trace the development of higher education in salutogenesis in Europe, spanning 30 years.
Stressor Appraisal on a Pathway to Health: The Role of the Sense of Coherence
Authors: Mittelmark Maurice B.
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, the focus is on how the sense of coherence (SOC) influences stressor appraisal, positively as well as negatively. The processes of stimulus appraisal have a central place in salutogenic theory, even if they have received relatively little theoretical and empirical attention since Aaron Antonovsky’s extensive treatment of stimulus appraisal inUnraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well. The chapter aims to elevate researchers’ appreciation of stimulus appraisal as Antonovsky’s little-tested answer to three key questions: How does the SOC concept link to coping behaviour, what is the mechanism that makes the connection and what is the black box in between?
Salutogenesis: Sense of Coherence in Childhood and Families
Authors: Idan Orly , Braun-Lewensohn Orna , Lindström Bengt , Margalit Malka
Published: January 2022

In this chapter on salutogenesis and sense of coherence (SOC) in families and children, the authors deal with the contributions of children’s environments to the adjustment of children with typical development, and the development of children with special needs. The authors report on their comprehensive literature review covering 20 years of research and 44 studies from 15 countries, including children from infants and toddlers through preschool to school-aged children up to 12 years of age.
Salutogenesis and the Sense of Coherence in Middle Adulthood
Authors: Bahrs Ottomar , Deymann Felix , Henze Karl-Heinz
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, the authors focus on the transition from middle to late adulthood. The questions of when and how past transitions affect subsequent ageing is discussed. Whilst middle age was long considered undramatic, the authors state that it is increasingly gaining profile. They focus on a phase typically observed in the sixth decade of life, characterized by the initiation of the transition to de-professionalization and change of responsibilities within the family when crisis and chronic situations can lead to the need for help from health professionals.

The authors deliberate on how a dialogue between middle-aged adults and professionals can contribute positively to the naming, modification, design and further development of health goals, linking physiological and unconscious processes to the theory of salutogenesis.

Notably, the authors frame illness processes from the perspective of salutogenic resources, also discussing the benefits of crises experienced in middle adulthood.

The authors’ novel ideas about a salutogenic perspective on life in middle adulthood will inspire researchers and practitioners to a more innovative approach to this large segment of society.
Salutogenesis Beyond Health: Intergroup Relations and Conflict Studies
Authors: Sagy Shifra , Mana Adi
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, the authors ask how to broaden the salutogenic paradigm’s scope into an interdisciplinary framework and include other social concepts in its research. As one example of such interdisciplinary research, the authors review some new studies in conflict areas investigating intergroup relations. By relating to such areas of research, they try to address not only the “classic” question – who copes successfully and stays healthy – but also other salutogenic questions such as “who expresses more openness to the other?”