bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Stress amongst the Parents of Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Sisodia Pragati , Khan Haseeb , Shukla Nirpal Kaur , Rathoria Richa , Rathoria Ekansh , Bansal Utkarsh , Shukla Ram
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

The admission of the baby to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can be a stressful predicament for parents. This study aims to evaluate parental stress levels and the factors impacting them.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the NICU of a tertiary care centre for 3 months. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics of parents, neonates and Parental Stressor Scale: NICU (PSS: NICU) to measure parental stress. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and an independent t-test.

Results:

P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Most of the parents reported medium stress levels (3–3.9). The mean total parental stress score of parents was 3.31 (0.36). Amongst the PSS: NICU subscales, the NICU sight and sound caused maximum stress to the parents (mean = 3.35 [0.48]) followed by the relationship with the baby and parental role (mean = 3.34 [0.44]). Mothers felt more stressed as compared to fathers (mean = 3.60 [0.23] vs. 3.08 [0.28]; P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Higher parental stress levels were seen in lower age group (18–25 years), less than high school education, unemployed and previous history of neonatal death, outborn deliveries, pre-term (gestational age <37 weeks), birth weight <1500 g, longer duration of respiratory support (>3 days), intubated with ventilatory support, not started on feeds and not given kangaroo mother care. Parents of NICU-admitted neonates are under significant stress, and there is a necessity to provide family-centred care.
Impact of Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Students and Faculty Members: A Cross-Sectional Study from Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Lateef Junaid Mohammed Abdul , Sami Waqas , Aldhafiri Hamad J , Alabdulmonyem Jehad A , Alenazi Abdulkarim K , Kaseb Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, all prospective of life have been affected by the situation. As a result of which, many universities adopted the online way of teaching instead of the traditional classroom teaching or by blending both together. This study was carried out with the objective to assess the perception of teachers and students regarding classes taken online versus those taken in the classroom.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among students and faculty members of the medical college at Majmaah University, KSA, from October 2020 to April 2021.

Results:

The study found that the majority of teachers have disagreed (91%) that online classes were more effective than classroom mode, and regarding the overall perception of teachers for classes taken online and in the classroom, 62% of teachers agreed that online classes were better than classroom mode, whereas 38% disagreed; 61% of students agreed that online classes were better than classroom mode, and 39% disagreed.

Conclusion:

Educational institutions should be ready to handle pandemic-like situations without disrupting educational activities and to achieve this, appropriate training of the faculty members and students should be carried out to make online teaching effective and also to minimise any associated disturbing factors.
The safety of radium-223 combined with new-generation hormonal agents in bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ming-Hao , Dai Jin-Dong , Zhang Xing-Ming , Zhao Jin-Ge , Sun Guang-Xi , Zeng Yu-Hao , Zeng Hong , Xu Nan-Wei , Zeng Hao , Shen Peng-Fei
Published: January 2023

Patients with bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) might benefit from radium-223 (223Ra) combined with new-generation hormonal agents (NHAs) in terms of survival and quality of life (QoL). However, the safety of combination therapies remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to perform a network meta-analysis by reviewing the literature about the combination of 223Ra with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) or enzalutamide and to evaluate the safety of combination therapy in bone mCRPC patients. Ultimately, ten studies (2835 patients) were selected, including four randomized controlled trials (RCTs), five retrospective cohort studies, and one single-arm study. Overall, there was no difference in the incidence of fracture between the 223Ra+NHA combination group and the 223Ra monotherapy group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–2.34, P = 0.66), but the incidences in both the 223Ra+NHA combination group (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.24–4.63, P < 0.01) and the 223Ra monotherapy group (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.23–4.08, P < 0.01) were higher than that in the NHA monotherapy group. However, in the meta-analysis involving only RCTs, there was no difference between the 223Ra monotherapy group and the NHA monotherapy group (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.22–5.95, P = 0.88), while the difference between the 223Ra+NHA combination group and the NHA monotherapy group remained significant (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.24–4.63, P < 0.01). Symptomatic skeletal events (SSEs), SSE-free survival (SSE-FS), all grades of common adverse events (AEs), and ≥grade 3 AEs among all groups did not show any significant difference. Our results indicate that the combination of 223Ra with NHAs was well tolerated in bone mCRPC patients compared to 223Ra monotherapy, even though the incidence of fracture was higher in patients who received 223Ra than that among those who received NHA monotherapy. More evidence is needed to explore the safety and efficiency of 223Ra combination therapies.
Management of Stoma Prolapse Using Polypropylene Mesh Strip
Authors: Jain Vishesh , Krishnan Nellai , Goel Prabudh
Published: January 2023

Stomal prolapse is one of the most common complications of enterostoma. Stoma if persistent and significant often requires revision of stoma. The techniques described often require laparotomy with resection or internal fixation of the bowel. Such procedures may make further laparotomy more difficult. We herein describe the use of a relatively simple procedure for the correction of stomal prolapse.
Acute Colonic Ischaemia due to Schistosomiasis
Authors: Ismail Enas , Salih Ibrahim , Dagash Haitham
Published: January 2023

Schistosomiasis or bilharziasis is a disease caused by parasitic worms, and is endemic in the tropics, with an estimated 250 million people affected worldwide. The main organs involved are the liver and urinary bladder. We present a rare case whereby the gastrointestinal system was involved in a child.
Assessment of Risk Factors in Pyogenic Liver Abscesses in Children
Authors: Pandey Anurag , Rajeshwari K. , Kumar Deepak , Gupta Garima
Published: January 2023

Background:

Pyogenic liver abscess (LA) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. The risk factors predisposing to the LA specifically in children are not known. Studies done in the past largely remain inconclusive and have identified only probable causes. The cause of LA in children with no coexisting illness remains unknown.

Methodology:

This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital located in New Delhi, India. All children between 2 months and 12 years of age with sonographically confirmed LA presenting to the hospital were included and managed with appropriate intravenous antibiotics and relevant investigations.

Results:

A total of 52 children were included. The mean age was 6 years and 4 months, and the male: female ratio was 1.4:1. Around 50% of the patients were malnourished. Fever, abdominal pain and loss of appetite were the most common symptoms. Nine patients (17%) were managed conservatively, 13 (25%) needed percutaneous needle aspiration and 30 (57.69%) required drainage using a pigtail catheter. Poor socioeconomic status and anaemia were found to be the most commonly associated risk factors. Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency was the most common primary immunodeficiency disorder followed by T-cell defect. On multivariate analysis, it was seen that in those with clinical icterus, gamma-glutamyl transferases >350 IU/m, and those with impending rupture, the time to defervescence was significantly different (P = 0.05).

Conclusion:

Poor socioeconomic status causing malnutrition emerged as a significant risk factor for LA in children. Selective IgA deficiency was the most common immunodeficiency seen in a few children. Adopting a conservative approach like aspiration and percutaneous drainage led to lower mortality and good recovery rates.
Caecal Volvulus
Authors: Zineb Benmassaoud , Baldé Fatoumata Binta , Alaoui Othmane , Mahmoudi Abdelhalim , Khattala Khalid , Bouabdallah Youssef
Published: January 2023

Caecal volvulus is favoured by the lack of caecal adhesion and intestinal malrotation. According to the per operation findings, the treatment consists of a de-rotation with or without cecopexy. We present the three cases of caecum volvulus in children and discuss our management. Case 1: 11-year-old girl admitted for caecal volvulus in an acute occlusive syndrome picture. There was caecal volvulus and atresia of the volvulated area. We performed resection and end-to-end anastomosis. Good evolution. Case 2: 6-year-old girl admitted for caecal volvulus in an acute occlusive syndrome picture. We performed caecopexy at the right parietal-colic gutter by three interrupted stitches. Good evolution. Case 3: 6-year-old girl admitted for caecal volvulus in an acute sub-occlusive syndrome picture with hypovolemic choc stage. There were suffering areas and necrosis of the caecum, a part of the ascending colon and iléal loops. We resected the gangrene part of the digest if tract and performed end-to-end ileocolic anastomosis. Good evolution. Caecal volvulus is rare. In our series, a patient had an ultrasound diagnosis. The diagnosis of caecum volvulus was made by computed tomography scan to the second one. The third patient had a perioperative diagnosis which is frequently reported in the literature. Management varies from the simple de-rotation with appendectomy to caecopexy. Caecal volvulus is a therapeutic emergency because the risk of necrosis and perforation is obvious. With proper support, the overall evolution is good.
Laparoscopic Management of Auto-Amputated Ovarian Cyst in an Infant
Authors: Jayakumar T. K. , Saxena Rahul , Yadav Taruna , Mathur Neha Satyaprakash , Sinha Arvind
Published: January 2023

The routine schedule of antenatal ultrasound scans has led to an increased frequency of detection of foetal ovarian cysts. Although most of them regress spontaneously, some may grow into large cysts and undergo torsion followed by auto-amputation. However, pre- and post-natal scans may fail to identify this event. We report a case of a prenatally diagnosed ovarian cyst that failed to resolve conservatively and was increasing in size in post-natal ultrasounds. Pre-operative ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging failed to detect the auto-amputation. The diagnosis was confirmed on laparoscopy which offers a safe and effective method for the removal of ovarian cysts in neonates and infants.
Treatment of Long Bone Fractures in Children by Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing: Outcome and Challenges in a Unit with Restricted Technical Platform
Authors: Goudjo Eudes Ulrich Elvis Mahougnon , Metchihoungbe Codjo Serge , Mihluedo-Agbolan Anani Komlan , Houegban Amoussou Sedjro Clotaire Romeo , Teko Dede Virginie , Miaffo Octave Exupere Desire Dongmo , Gnassingbe Komla
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN), developed by the Nancy school in France, is the gold standard for surgical treatment of long bone fractures in children. In Africa, few works have been devoted specifically to this technique.

Objective:

This study aimed to describe the outcome and to present the challenges with this technique in the treatment of long bone fractures in children.

Patients and Methods:

This was a prospective and descriptive study over 4 years including patients aged 0–15 years old operated using ESIN.

Results:

Sixty-two patients underwent ESIN, of whom 44 patients (70.96%) were for femur fractures, nine patients (14.52%) for tibia and fibula fractures and nine patients (14.52%) for humerus fractures. The majority of the patients treated with ESIN were children older than 6 years. Nine patients (14.51%) and 13 patients (20.98%) underwent ESIN following polytrauma and multiple fractures, respectively. Seven patients (11.29%) were operated on through-closed ESIN method. The unavailability of image intensifier (38.71%) and the presence of bone callus (40.32%) were the major reasons for using the open ESIN method. Thirty-three patients (53.23%) had minor or major complications. The majority of patients had satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusion:

ESIN gives good results, even when the fracture site is approached.
Complete Female Epispadias with Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Piplani Rajat , Yhoshu Enono
Published: January 2023

Isolated female epispadias without bladder exstrophy is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. The presenting features of female epispadias are urinary incontinence and abnormal anatomical features. A 4-month-old girl presented with primary urinary incontinence since birth. On physical examination, she had a bifid clitoris and labia minora along with an anteriorly placed introitus and wide-open bladder neck. The vagina and hymen were normal. With the diagnosis of isolated complete female epispadias, a single-stage reconstruction of the urethra, labia minora and clitoris was performed along with cystoscopic-guided bladder neck plication. This index case highlights the surgical technique and the necessity to operate on these patients at a younger age in infancy with a single-stage perineal repair to achieve better functional and cosmetic outcomes.
Association between Intraoperative Anatomical Variation and Histopathological Parameters in Cases of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Solanki Shailesh , Menon Prema , Reddy Manasa , Parkhi Mayur , Gupta Kirti , Gupta Pramod K , Peters Nitin James , Samujh Ram
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

The intraoperative anatomical findings (IOAF) of all ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) cases are not identical. Moreover, there is also controversy in the literature regarding histopathological (HP) findings in cases of UPJO. In the present study, we evaluated different IOAF and assessed their association with specific HP parameters.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study set-up, which was carried out in a tertiary care centre. Children with UPJO who underwent surgery between 2017 and 2020 were enrolled. The following IOAF were noted: Type of pelvis (extrarenal or intrarenal), insertion of the ureter (high or normal), presence of lower pole crossing vessel (CV), negotiation of UPJ segment with double J stent (3 Fr) and length of internal narrowing (LIN) at UPJ. The resected segment of UPJ was assessed at three levels (pelvis, UPJ and ureter) for various HP parameters including fibrosis, oedema, inflammation and smooth muscle hypertrophy (SMH).

Results:

Thirty-nine children were included in the study with a mean age of 31 months. The summary statistics of IOAF were intrarenal pelvis in 5 cases, high insertion of the ureter (HIU) in 9, CV in 6, negotiable UPJ in 23, and 16 cases showed LIN >1 cm. All cases showed SMH at the pelvis region and SMH with fibrosis at the UPJ region. At the pelvis region, there was an association between (1) HIU with oedema and chronic inflammation (CIF), (2) CV with CIF and (3) LIN with CIF and SMH. At the UPJ region, there was an association between (1) CV and negotiable UPJ with less fibrosis and (2) LIN with SMH. At the ureteric end, CV showed an association with less fibrosis and more CIF.

Conclusion:

All UPJO cases have some common HP findings. Although, some particular IOAF, i.e., presence of CV, negotiable UPJ, HIU and LIN showed association with specific HP parameters.
Health-related Quality of Life of Children with Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease after Nissen Fundoplication and Gastrostomy Tube Insertion
Authors: Musibi Felix , Mugambi Machoki , Samia Pauline , Nganga Waceke
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Severe gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Nissen fundoplication is the most common surgical procedure for patients with GERD. A feeding gastrostomy tube may be inserted at the same time in selected patients where there are unsafe swallowing and/or feeding difficulties. The goals of surgery are to eliminate symptoms, prevent reflux complications and ultimately improve the quality of life. The main objective of this study was to assess the HRQoL of children with GERD after Nissen fundoplication and gastrostomy tube insertion.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational retrospective cohort study at two private, not-for-profit tertiary hospitals in Nairobi. The study population included children under 18 years of age with GERD who had Nissen fundoplication with or without gastrostomy tube insertion from January 2010 to December 2020. The quality of life was assessed from the caretakers using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory applied through a telephone call. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26. The HRQoL was summarised using mean and standard deviation (SD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) around the scores. Independent samples t-test was conducted to compare the means of HRQoL for gender, complications and comorbidities. Spearman’s correlation was done for HRQoL and age.

Results:

Eighty-two children were included in the study. Eighty-four per cent had comorbidities, with almost three-quarters of them having neurological impairment. Majority (91%) had open Nissen fundoplication, while 9% had laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. One-third of these children reported complications post-procedure. Nissen fundoplication failure rate was 10%. Two-thirds had a concurrent gastrostomy tube insertion. The global mean HRQoL score was 75.8 (SD: 23.5, 95% CI: 70.4–81.2). Gastrostomy tube insertion had no impact on the quality of life. Children with neurological impairment had significantly lower quality of life than those without neurological impairment.

Conclusion:

The global score of the HRQoL following Nissen fundoplication in this cohort of children was 75.8. Further studies to reduce the proportion of children who experience complications postoperatively in this setting are required.
Pull-Through of Ganglionic Stoma in Children with Hirschsprung’s Disease Living in a Low Resource Context Spares Further Surgery for Colostomy Reverse
Authors: Tresphory Boniphace , Mlawa Agnes , Calisti Alessandro
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims:

One-step pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is already standard in many tertiary African paediatric surgical centres where radiology and frozen sections are available. However, limited resources in many peripheral areas associated with advanced age at referral or complicated presentation make recourse to colostomy often unavoidable with a consequent three-step surgery. To simplify these children’s clinical course and spare the burden of a third procedure for colostomy reverse, a direct pull-through of the proximal ganglionic stoma is proposed.

Methods:

Twenty children (male/female ratio 19/1) between 3 months and 13 years with a colostomy for a suspected HSCR were selected for stoma pull-through among patients admitted to a regional Tanzanian hospital between 2016 and 2022. Histological diagnosis was always confirmed by rectal biopsies and, in some cases, colonic specimens taken during the stoma confection or revision. A ganglionic stoma was always ascertained before the pull-through procedure (11 Transanal Endorectal, 4 Soave and 5 Duhamel).

Results:

One death was registered in a child with Down syndrome, unrelated to surgery, and another due to HSCR acute associated enterocolitis. One stenosis required stricturoplasty, and one anastomotic leakage needed temporary ileostomy. No relationship was found between complications and the procedure of choice. Passage of stools started on the 2nd day and became regular and without soiling in a week. Conclusions: Straightforward pull-through of the ganglionic stoma may be a feasible solution for patients with HSCR and a diverting colostomy to avoid a three-step procedure. The correct position of the stoma at the transition zone must be ascertained to avoid the risk of including in the resection segment of the ganglionic bowel.
Giant Choledochal Cyst in Infant: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Singh Ram Jeewan , Ali Md. Mokarram , Rashi Rashi , Kumar Amit , Dudhani Shreyas , Sinha Amit Kumar
Published: January 2023

The cystic dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) is a rare pathology in an infant. It is the second-most common surgical cause of cholestatic jaundice in infants after biliary atresia. A 4-month-old female child was admitted to our department with complaints of abdominal distension. The physical examination revealed the presence of a huge palpable mass involving the right hypochondrium up to the right iliac fossa and umbilical region. Ultrasound abdomen revealed a large intra-abdominal cyst but unable to comment on the organ of origin of the cyst due to its huge size. Multidetector computed tomography of the abdomen was suggestive of possible origin of the cyst from CBD extending from porta hepatis to pelvis. At laparotomy, there was a huge choledochal cyst extending from porta hepatis to pelvis. The choledochal cyst was excised, followed by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.
Recent advances in solid dispersion technique for enhancing biopharmaceutical properties of lumefantrine
Authors: Jurel Priyanka , Garg Anuj
Published: January 2023

Background Lumefantrine is a widely used antimalarial agent in combination with artemether. It is poorly water soluble and belongs to the biopharmaceutical classification class II. In the last decade, various strategies have been explored for increasing its dissolution rate and oral bioavailability (BA). A literature review revealed that various approaches based on solid dispersion (SD) have been investigated for this purpose and also evaluated for their benefits in vivo. Therefore, the major focus of the present article is to review the research carried out on the SD of lumefantrine with different polymers in the last decade. This review also discusses the classifications of SD based on their molecular arrangements and the polymers or carriers used, along with their advantages and disadvantages. This review described different techniques to prepare a SD of lumefantrine and their effects on solubility, dissolution rates, and oral BA. The SD-based approaches showed promising potential for increasing the oral BA of lumefantrine.
Hylocereus undatus fruit extraction on percent yield using Design-Expert software
Authors: Ahad Hindustan A. , Chinthaginjala Haranath , Tarun Ksheerasagare , Reddy Gummadisani G. , Adam Adam A.O. , Ali Abdelrahaman I. , Krishna Jyothi V.
Published: January 2023

Background

Dragon fruits (Hylocereus undatus) are popular edible fruits of desert and dry-land origin. They are rich in constituents. An attempt was made to find the optimum temperature and duration of exposure for the effective extraction of content from the fruits using Design-Export software.

Aim

This study aims to see what effect temperature and duration have on dragon fruit (H. undatus) extraction. According to the literature, numerous attempts have been made to extract components from fruits and other plant parts.

Materials and methods

The authors made an attempt to check if independent variables had an effect on the dependent response. The Design-Expert software was used to control the impact of the independent variable on the response during the experiment’s design. Alternatively, samples were positioned, authenticated, and hauled out into the water, with independent factors (temperature and exposure time) affecting the response (percent yield).

Results and conclusions

According to the study, 40°C is the ideal temperature to extract the substance from the fruits, and the extraction and exposure times are directly proportional.
Acute effects of online hemodiafiltration versus high-flux hemodialysis on serum levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Authors: Elsayed Hesham M. , El Said Heba W. , Beshary Waleed A. , Jaleel Ahmed A. , Ahmed Fatma A
Published: January 2023

Background

Chronic inflammation as a major determinant of ‘dialysis syndrome’ is considered as the main factor of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) may play important roles in the development of T helper (Th) imbalance, cardiovascular disease, and wasting in the uremic milieu. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide that may be an independent risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. In hemodialysis (HD) patients, plasma ADMA is a strong and independent predictor of overall mortality and cardiovascular outcome. The aim of this study to evaluate the acute effects of hemodiafiltration (HDF) compared with conventional HD on blood levels of ADMA and TNF-α.

Patients and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 patients with end-stage renal disease receiving dialysis in the dialysis unit of Ain Shams Specialized Hospital receiving twice weekly HD session with high-flux (HF) dialyzer and once weekly HDF session. Blood samples were collected from all participants before and after HD session and from the same participants before and after HDF session. ADMA and TNF-α levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques.

Results

The decrease in TNF-α was higher after HDF session versus HF HD session (79.47 ± 14.16 vs. 50.43 ± 31.05), with P value of 0.001. Moreover, the decrease in ADMA was higher after HDF session versus HF HD session (75.01 ± 12.55 vs. 41.79 ± 24.73), with P value of 0.001.

Conclusion

The use of online HDF technique showed a significant reduction of ADMA and TNF-α in adults with end-stage renal disease.
Argentina vs Great Britain: the trajectory of one conflict
Authors: Yakovleva N. M.
Published: January 2023

40 years ago, on April 2, 1982, Argentina made a failed attempt by military means to establish sovereignty over the archipelago in the South Atlantic, which was under the jurisdiction of Great Britain. The war was the result of a two-century dispute over the ownership of the islands. Upon joining the UN in 1945, Buenos Aires loudly announced its claims to the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) and began to seek from the international community to recognize its claims as legitimate. Since then, the problem has been a red thread through the history of the country. The policy of the Argentine authorities on the issue of disputed territories developed with a pendulum dynamic. Periods of de-escalation of the conflict and the development of cooperation with Great Britain, coupled with a friendly attitude towards the islanders, were replaced by phases of the dominance of irreconcilable discourse with a strong demand for the “termination of the colonization policy” by the British authorities. Relations between Argentina and Great Britain after the end of hostilities can be divided into several stages. Regardless of the direction of the course of the next government, the issue of sovereignty over disputed territories has never been removed from the agenda. The Argentine side certainly used the “Malvinas question” as an instrument of domestic policy. Currently, the conflict is in a latent phase with no prospect of an early resolution.
Development of a Risk Assessment and Management Model for UNESCO World Heritage Site
Authors: Alahmadi Oudah Ali Oudah .
Published: January 2023

Historical Location propose wide range of risks that can impact reptation, assets, or people that can have major impact. There for Risk management plans was improved in At-Turaif to cope with hazards. The objective of the study is to develop a risk assessment and find which building has the highest priority. The rank will be conducted using MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision-Making) using five criteria (1) Risk rate, (2) Heritage value, (3) Important, (4) maximum occupancy, and (5) Traffic. These five criteria were applied through AHP-TOPSIS to find the highest rank building. The result of the risk assessments indicates there are electric, physical, fire, environmental, and security hazards. Risk assessment also propose control plan for each hazard. Based on AHP-TOPSIS results. All 28 buildings were rank according to the five criteria with Salwa palace, traditional homes, Omar palace, and Beit Almal need to be prioritized due to their important according to TOPSIS results. Some souks and Clusters fall in the lower section of the rank due to it risk rate and heritage value. The study recommends conducting further research on mud buildings and heritage sites in Saudi Arabia, as it is unique for the country, and recommends plans to eliminates the main hazards such as mud damages by spraying walls with protective coating. And develop new SOP (Standard operation procedures) for the worker to follow. Additionally, the study recommends improving the hazards control strategy and implement new action for hazards.
Translation and Beyond: Re-thinking Interdisciplinary Research in the Humanities1
Authors: Chatterjee Chandrani
Published: January 2023

Translation Studies is still a discipline in the making. Having undergone several transitions and transformations since the last decades of the twentieth century, the field is ever receptive to newer enquiries and experimentations. The present article attempts to explore several emerging trends and approaches in the field to suggest the possibility of identifying Translation Studies as an enabling space for interdisciplinary research in the humanities and social sciences. Increasingly, research in the social sciences and humanities programs worldwide is waking to the fact that it is impossible to work in isolation while protecting strict disciplinarian boundaries. The paper identifies Translation Studies as an inclusive space that can harbour research interests across disciplines. However, to enable such a possibility there are some basic reconfigurations that are necessary for understanding and defining the scope of Translation Studies as a discipline in particular and translation as a concept in general. The present paper attempts to lay the field for similar investigations for interdisciplinary research.
Linguistic and Aesthetic Constraints in Literary Translation: Phonic Considerations in Translating Śabda-śakti-mūla dhvani
Authors: MK Amrutha
Published: January 2023

By outlining two features of language termed ‘lexical drift’ and ‘linguistic clogging’ and employing certain explanatory concepts of classical Indian aesthetics, this study addresses the question of how phonic elements of language constrain or smooth the ways of translation. Linguistic clogging, the study argues, constraints translation of expressions with śabda-śakti-mūla dhvani, SSMD (phonic-based suggestion) , in two ways. As a semantic constraint, the presence of SSMD in source expressions impedes translation if unsatisfied with target expressions. Secondly, as an aesthetic constraint, it curtails the aesthetic pleasure for readers even if the semantic constraint is satisfied by paraphrasing the source expressions. This study, analysing verses in English, Sanskrit, and Malayalam languages with SSMD, illustrates that if the constraints are not satisfied in the target expressions, they bring down the quality of translation. Nonetheless, satisfying both these constraints, by recovering the literal and suggested meanings where possible, can improve the quality of translation. Śabda-śakti-mūla dhvani (SSMD) is a sub-variety of dhvani where a figure of speech is suggested because of the inherent power of words. The meaning that is different from literal and metaphorical is termed “dhvani” (suggested meaning). Around the ninth century CE, Ānandavardhana articulated the philosophy of aesthetic suggestion and systematically theorised the concept of dhvani (suggestion) in his magnum opus Dhvanyāloka (Light on the Doctrine of Suggestion). He argues that the significative power of words is of two types, vācya (literal) and pratīyamāna (suggestive). SSMD is generally translated as “word-based suggestion”. In this paper, the author has translated SSMD as “phonic-based suggestion”, as sound elements distinguish SSMD from other varieties of dhvani.
“Algas, cogumelos, fungos, musgos, liquens e outros seres são úteis”: o conhecimento produzido pelo cientista Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá (1877)
Authors: Varela Alex Gonçalves , Machado Igor
Published: January 2023

Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá foi um cientista bastante ativo na produção de conhecimento no Império do Brasil. Uma das características da sua atividade científica é a utilidade das ciências. Esta faceta se faz presente na obra Elementos de Botânica Geral e Médica (1877), estudo que iremos analisar, em especial a parte relativa à Fitografia, e ao estudo dos acótilos, e criptógamos.
Diagnóstico sobre las implicaciones del COVID-19 en la materia de inglés en la Universidad Tecnológica del Sur de Sonora
Authors: Martínez Lilia Zulema Gaytán , Aldana Ruth Alonso , Reyes Alfonso Flores , Arana David Francisco Valladares , López Eusebio Jiménez
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un diagnóstico realizado a los estudiantes de las materias de inglés de la Universidad Tecnológica del Sur de Sonora, con la finalidad de conocer sus impresiones sobre las clases en línea que recibieron durante la pandemia de COVID-19. La metodología utilizada fue cuantitativa – diagnóstica y se aplicaron dos instrumentos: 1) una encuesta para conocer el sentir y la experiencia de los alumnos y 2) un examen de diagnóstico para determinar los conocimientos adquiridos por los alumnos en la materia de inglés. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que las clases en línea no contribuyeron a su aprendizaje y no incentivaron el autoaprendizaje, por lo que no recomiendan seguir con las clases virtuales.
Do Disclosure of Enterprise Risk Management and Intellectual Capital beneficial for Banking Companies?
Authors:   Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia, Amrin Devina , Khomsiyah Khomsiyah
Published: January 2023

This research aims to analyze and describe the relationship between Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure and Intellectual Capital to Company Value in the Banking sector. The population is banking sector companies listed on IDX during the period 2017 to 2021 consisting of 47 companies. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. 39 companies were selected in this study with 195 units of analysis obtained. Multiple regression analysis is used to analyze the data. The results showed that Enterprise Risk Management has a significant positive impact on Company Value. Meanwhile, Intellectual Capital has a significant negative impact on the Value of the Company. Meanwhile, Enterprise Risk Management and Intellectual Capital together have a significant impact on Company Value.
Aneurismas de las arterias pulmonares en relación al síndrome de Hughes Stovin
Authors: Abdala Brian Marcelo , Baroni Antonella , Castelli Ana , Crema Julia , Beduino Fernanda , Masello Ignacio Jesús , Resta Romina
Published: January 2023

El síndrome de Hughes Stovin es una vasculitis de pequeños y grandes vasos, más frecuente en hombres jóvenes. Se manifiesta con trombosis y aneurismas. Inicia con tromboflebitis que evoluciona a aneurismas con eventual desenlace fatal por ruptura de los mismos. Algunos autores consideran el síndrome de Hughes Stovin como una variante de la enfermedad de Behçet. El diagnóstico es clínico y el tratamiento de primera línea son los corticoides y la ciclofosfamida. Frente a un caso de trombosis, la anticoagulación es controversial por el riesgo de sangrado. Presentamos el caso de un varón joven con cuadro clínico compatible en el cual se descartaron otras patologías con requerimiento de tratamiento quirúrgico por mala evolución clínica.
Frecuencia de comorbilidades en pacientes con artritis psoriásica y evaluación de la adherencia de los médicos a las recomendaciones de tratamiento de las Guías GRAPPA 2015
Authors: Alfaro María Agustina , Isnardi Carolina Ayelén , Schneeberger Emilce Edith , Manases Roldán Brian , Barbich Tatiana , Carrizo Abarza Virginia , Crespo Rocha María Gisela , Cerda Luis Osvaldo , Citera Gustavo
Published: January 2023

Introducción: los pacientes con artritis psoriásica (APs) presentan más comorbilidades. Las guías del Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) establecen lineamientos para los tratamientos de acuerdo a ellas.

Objetivos: describir la prevalencia de comorbilidades en pacientes con APs según el Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index (RDCI), analizar el efecto sobre la enfermedad y estudiar la adherencia a las guías GRAPPA.

Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes con APs de la cohorte RAPSODIA. Se reportaron características sociodemográficas y clínicas. Las comorbilidades se valoraron por RDCI. Se estudiaron variables asociadas a RDCI ≥1 mediante análisis multivariado. Se analizó el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de tratamiento en relación a las comorbilidades según las guías GRAPPA.

Resultados: se incluyeron 170 pacientes. El 67,6% presentó al menos una comorbilidad (RDCI ≥1); estos eran de mayor edad (X 57,3±12,7 años vs. 48,2±13,2 años; p<0,0001), presentaban más sobrepeso u obesidad (84,3% vs. 67,3%; p=0,011) y peor calidad de vida (PsAQoL X 7,6±6,6 vs. 5,2±6; p=0,025). El análisis multivariado evidenció asociación de la edad y el uso de antiinflamatorio no esteroideos (AINEs) con RDCI ≥1. Contrariamente a las recomendaciones de GRAPPA, el 70% de los pacientes con cardiopatía utilizaba AINEs, y la mitad de aquellos con enfermedades hepáticas o renales tomaba AINEs o metotrexato.

Conclusiones: la prevalencia de comorbilidades en los pacientes con APs es alta. En algunos casos no se cumplían las recomendaciones de tratamiento en relación a las comorbilidades.
Decentralized Pollution Standard Setting with Agglomeration Forces Present in a Model of Specific Firm Mobility
Authors: Kunce Mitch
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Herein we augment the traditional devolved environmental interjurisdictional-competition model with specific firm mobility in the presence of agglomeration economies. Now the number of firms in a jurisdiction becomes pertinent in the story of decentralized efficiency. Specifically, when agglomeration forces are sufficiently strong, firm movement is subdued. Placed-based environmental policies aimed at swaying a firm's location decision are rendered relatively ineffective. As a result, jurisdictions possess incentives to excessively overprotect environmental quality − a race-to-the-top. Firm taxation effects on devolved efficiency are also examined.

JEL classification numbers: Q51, Q58, R38.
Keywords: Decentralized environmental regulation, Agglomeration economies, Firm location.
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Role in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors:   Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan, Liaquat Ayesha , Parmer Tejal ,   Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Banglore, LNU Sonam ,   Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, mone Sig ,   Fatima Jinnah Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan, Khan Roohi ,   Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Salehpour Zeynab ,   Clinical Research Development Unit Beheshti Haspital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran, Abdin Zain ,   MD, Premier Physicians Delaware, Assefi Marjan ,   University of North Carolina Greensboro, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nano Engineering, North Carolina, USA
Published: January 2023

Stroke is the second greatest cause of mortality and one of the top causes of long-term disability. The fatality rate and age-adjusted prevalence of stroke have decreased globally over the past quarter-century. However, the absolute number of stroke cases has climbed, as populations have grown older. Initiating antiplatelet medications early in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is essential for preventing stroke recurrence. Aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole are the most commonly used antiplatelet medications worldwide. Combining antiplatelet drugs is associated with an increased risk of bleeding when used for long-term prophylaxis. The use of Dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) for a shorter duration is associated with a lower risk than long-term usage. The best period of treatment for transient ischemic attack (TIA) and mild ischemic stroke appears to be between 21 and 30 days.
Тошкент зилзиладан олдин ва кейин: уй-жой қурилиши ҳамда меъморий ёндашувлар
Authors: Тоғаева Анора
Published: January 2023

ХХ асрнинг иккинчи ярмида Тошкент шаҳрида аҳоли сонининг жадал суръатларда кўпайиши Ўзбекистон пойтахтида уй-жой қурилишининг долзарб муаммога айланишига сабаб бўлган. Шу билан бирга, совет ҳукуматининг шаҳарсозлик сиёсати уй-жой қурилиши ва шаҳар меъморий қиёфасининг шаклланишига таъсир кўрсатган. Мақолада турли манбалар маълумотлари асосида 1950-1980 йиллар оралиғида Тошкентда уй-жой қурилиши ва соҳада учраган муаммолар таҳлил этилган.
Activation of small business development factors in regions
Authors: Nazarova Rano , Yuldasheva Dildora
Published: January 2023

A multi-sectoral economy and a class of owners was formed as a result of further development and liberalization of economy in our country, which ensures macroeconomic stability. It is particularly evident in creation of favorable social and economic development environment for private entrepreneurship and small business.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Menggunakan Metode EVA, MVA dan FVA
Authors: Zaki Amry , Challen Auliffi Ermian
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the financial performance of companies in the food and beverages sub-sector. using economic value-added, market value, and financial value-added methods. The population of this study is manufacturing companies listed on the  Indonesia stock exchange. The total sample used 9 companies in the food and beverages sub-sector. The data analysis of this study used the calculation of EVA, MVA, and FVA methods. The result showed the 7 companies produced positive values in the 2016-2020 Period. Companies with positive value succeeded in creating economic added value for the company and shareholders. The result of the MVA Calculation shows the 6 companies produce a positive MVA value which indicates that the company has succeeded and increased the added value of the invested capital. While the result of the FVA calculation, there are 8 companies that have succeeded in producing positive FVA Value,  this shows that the companies are able to create financial added.
TAWARAN STUDI AGAMA HINGGA FEMINISME BAGI ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Yusa M. Yustian , Qardlawi M. Yusuf
Published: January 2023

This paper explored some methods and approaches in qualitative methodology in international relations research,  from religious, literature, anthropology and feminism approaches. At the end, with the interdisciplinary approach that showed the prons and cons in international relations research—multi perspectives but the lost of identity epistemologically.
DIPLOMASI KESEHATAN INDONESIA DALAM MENANGANI COVID-19
Authors: Sidik Jatmika  , Oktavian Rahman Koko  , Eny Iskawati  , Muhammad Indrawan Jatmika  , Azka Azzahra Salsabila
Published: January 2023

Pada awal 2020, dunia sedang terguncang oleh Pandemi COVID-19.Pemerintah Indonesia menyampaikan rencana perubahan status pandemi kesehatan nasional menjadi endemik pada awal 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana Indonesia melakukan Diplomasi Kesehatan Global dalam menangani Krisis COVID-19 (2020-2021). Ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme, yang menggunakan metode analisis konten untuk mengetahui pernyataan, kebijakan, dan tindakan Pemerintah Indonesia untuk menangani Krisis COVID-19.Penelitian ini menerapkan konsep Good Governance dan Global Health of Diplomacy.

Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Indonesia menghadapi masalah seperti itu pada awal tahun pandemi, tetapi melakukan kemajuan tersebut di tahun kedua.Diplomasi Kesehatan Global telah berkontribusi terhadap penerimaan global pemerintah Indonesia yang tertarik pada masalah krisis kesehatan. Studi ini akan memandu topik lain yang relevan untuk membahas perilaku diplomasi bencana (kesehatan) Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan analisis konten, penelitian ini menemukan pemerintah Indonesia telah mengembangkan cara yang cerdas, sistematis, obyektif, dan visioner untuk menyelesaikan krisis kesehatan pandemi. Ini menunjukkan bagaimana sebuah negara yang mengalami Diplomasi Kesehatan dapat menjadi negara yang mapan yang menangani dampak Krisis Kesehatan Global.
PROMOSI EKSPOR INDONESIA DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKSPOR KOPI KE AMERIKA SERIKAT PERIODE 2017-2020
Authors: Adriansyah Muhammad Ivan
Published: January 2023

This study will discuss the economic diplomacy pursued by Indonesia through its export promotion strategy to increase its coffee exports in the United States. The results of Indonesia's economic diplomacy show a positive impact, although it does not have a direct impact on export numbers. Indonesian coffee industry has to develop to meet the standards of international coffee market demands, and also have to increase the rate of coffee productions productivity in order to be able to compete with the other competitors. Economic diplomacy through export promotion is just one of many factors that could help boost Indonesian coffee export figures to the United States in the next period.
INDONESIA'S POLICY REGARDING TO COMBAT WITH IUU FISHING THROUGH JOKO WIDODO'S GOVERNMENT SINKING SHIPS POLICY (2014-2019)
Authors: Elvina Mesha Nurul Dewi  , Dairatul Maarif
Published: January 2023

This study aims to describe Indonesia's policies in maritime security related to IUU fishing through the sinking ships policy during the 2014-2019 period of Joko Widodo's administration. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. In this study, the author uses the theory of foreign policy, the concept of maritime security, and the concept of IUU Fishing to conduct the analysis in this study. The results of this study are the reason why the government's used to issue this policy based on efforts to realizing Joko Widodo's vision to make Indonesia a global maritime fulcrum, in addition to the existence of a national law that regulates the implementation of the sinking ships policy, with the results of research that the implementation of the foreign sinking ships policy was considered quite effective in reducing the number of illegal fishing in Indonesia. See the number of sunken boats has decreased in certain years, and the fisherman's exchange rate during 2015-2019 has increased every year, the average income of fishermen has increased each year during 2015-2019.
MARKETING INSTITUCIONAL: REFLEXÕES E SUGESTÕES PARA APRIMORAMENTO DA POLÍCIA MILITAR DO PARANÁ
Authors: Silva de Lima Alexandre Henrique
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a função do marketing institucional e suas formas de aperfeiçoamento no âmbito da Polícia Militar do Paraná. Para atender à proposta primeiramente será realizada uma discussão teórica para situar o marketing e o marketing institucional dentro de uma área de pesquisa científica pertencente ao campo da administração. Após a discutiremos o papel do marketing institucional dentro da Polícia Militar do Paraná, apontando possibilidade de melhoramento, mas também exaltando o que é feito de positivo. Finalmente, como forma de fechamento do artigo apontarei através de exemplos de outras instituições e polícias militares alternativas para o aperfeiçoamento do marketing institucional na PMPR.