bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating CD ROMs for Pre-Primary English Courses in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Authors: Pokrivcakova Silvia
Published: May 2018

Living in the digital age means that modern information and communications technologies (ICT) have penetrated into every aspect of human lives, including education. Despite the fact that ICT are widely used in educational setting, many educators (and parents) have nevertheless remained concerned about how to adapt them into children’s education meaningfully and effectively. The use of ICT in education in general, and in preschool institutions in particular, has become an important research issue. The study focuses on evaluating multimedia CD-ROMs published in two countries with the intention to be used in pre-school institutions for the introduction of English as a foreign language to the youngest learners (children 3 – 6 years). The results point to the fact that majority of the CD ROMs offered activities which were marked as “robotic”, “glib”, “static”, and “empty” (built upon simple and usually mechanically repeated instructions), never reached beyond mechanical memorisation of English vocabulary in any entertaining way. The author calls for designing cognitively challenging materials which could support development of higher cognitive or affective functions of very young learners.
Teaching Picture Storybooks via E-learning Platforms
Authors: Blahút Miloš
Published: May 2018

The picture storybooks have gone through a major transformation since their modern versions appeared in the 1950si. Modern and postmodern picture story books “have a great potential with their flexibility, based on a great variety of picture-text interplay, a wide range of themes, richness of aims and functions” (Bobulová, et al., 2003, p. 88-89). In the online distance learning course, education will be carried out on the basis of interaction between the learner and material (stored and exchanged in Moodle Platform, for instance), and between other participants in the educational process, that is, the instructor and other learners. The advantage of teaching children’s literature, especially picture story books, via E-learning platforms, is twofold: firstly, readers take their time to go through the reading materials and work on their own; secondly, it gives them space and time to prepare for the task assigned by the instructor appropriately and effectively by paying close attention to all the details, which, due to shortage of time allocated in face-to-face education (classroom environment) would be impossible. This paper presents not only advantages of such learning, but also sample tasks learners may encounter while participating in the online distance learning.
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Due to Improvement of Biodegradable Waste Management System
Authors: Bendere R. , Teibe I. , Arina D. , Lapsa J.
Published: May 2018

To reduce emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) from landfills, the European Union (EU) Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC requires that there be a progressive decrease in the municipal biodegradable waste disposal. The main problem of waste management (WM) in Latvia is its heavy dependence on the waste disposal at landfills. The poorly developed system for the sorted municipal waste collection and the promotion of landfilling as a major treatment option led to the disposal of 84% of the total collected municipal waste in 2012, with a high biodegradable fraction. In Latvia, the volume of emissions due to activities of the WM branch was 5.23% (632.6 CO2 eq.) of the total GHG emissions produced in the National economy in 2010 (12 097 Gg CO2 eq., except the land use, land-use change and forestry). Having revised the current situation in the management of biodegradable waste in Latvia, the authors propose improvements in this area. In the work, analysis of environmental impact was carried out using Waste Management Planning System (WAMPS) software in the WM modelling scenarios. The software computes the emissions, energy and turnover of waste streams for the processes within the WM system such as waste collection and transportation, composting, anaerobic digestion, and the final disposal (landfilling or incineration). The results of WAMPS modelling are presented in four categories associated with the environmental impact: acidification, global warming, eutrophication and photo-oxidant formation, each characterised by a particular emission. These categories cover an integrated WM system, starting with the point when products turn to waste which is then thrown into the bin for waste at its generation source, and ending with the point where the waste transforms either into useful material (recycled material, biogas or compost) or contributes to emissions into environment after the final disposal at a landfill or an incineration plant
Assessment of Wind Shear and Wind Energy Potential in the Baltic Sea Region of Latvia
Authors: Bezrukovs V. , Bezrukovs Vl. , Zacepins A. , Komashilovs V.
Published: May 2018

The paper is devoted to the investigation into the wind energy potential based on long-term observations of the wind speed and energy density fluctuations at heights from 10 to 160 m on the Baltic Sea coast of Latvia. During the observations (2004 - 2013), the wind speed and direction values were measured, and the statistical database was accumulated using a LOGGER 9200 Symphonie measuring systems mounted on 60 m masts - one on the western coast and another on the north-east of Latvia. From June 2011 to May 2012, these measurements were complemented with the data for the heights from 40 to 160 m obtained by means of a ZephIR lidar and with the metrological data provided by “Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre” for the same period. The graphs of seasonal fluctuations in the wind speed were obtained for the heights up to 160 m by measurements over the period of 2007 - 2013. The results of the research on the wind speed distribution up to 200 m are promising for evaluation of the wind energy potential of Latvia and will be helpful in assessment of prospective sites for construction of WPPs.
Non-Contact Measurement of the Thickness and Dielectric Parameters of Dielectric Plates and Shells
Authors: Matiss I.
Published: May 2018

The paper describes a new approach for non-destructive testing of the structural and geometric parameters of dielectric objects using capacitance techniques. The novelty of this approach lies in the design of a capacitance sensor comprising an array of electrodes with changeable potential distribution on them during a measurement process. This makes solvable the problem of measuring independently three input parameters. To demonstrate the capabilities of the developed measurement algorithms, the case studies based on computer simulation have been carried out.
Hardware Design of the Energy Efficient Fall Detection Device
Authors: Skorodumovs A. , Avots E , Hofmanis J , Korāts G.
Published: May 2018

Health issues for elderly people may lead to different injuries obtained during simple activities of daily living. Potentially the most dangerous are unintentional falls that may be critical or even lethal to some patients due to the heavy injury risk. In the project “Wireless Sensor Systems in Telecare Application for Elderly People”, we have developed a robust fall detection algorithm for a wearable wireless sensor. To optimise the algorithm for hardware performance and test it in field, we have designed an accelerometer based wireless fall detector. Our main considerations were: a) functionality – so that the algorithm can be applied to the chosen hardware, and b) power efficiency – so that it can run for a very long time. We have picked and tested the parts, built a prototype, optimised the firmware for lowest consumption, tested the performance and measured the consumption parameters. In this paper, we discuss our design choices and present the results of our work.
The Influence of Wind Turbines on Radio Astronomical Observations in Irbene
Authors: Bezrukovs D.
Published: May 2018

The reflection and diffraction of external communication and navigational transmitters from tall constructions and moving blades of wind turbines produce some short-pulse additional electromagnetic interference strong enough to fully disturb radio astronomical observations. The problem of short-pulse electromagnetic interference is distinctive to all radio telescopes surrounded by wind turbines. This problem became significant for Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC) after new wind park “Platene” of Winergy Ltd. was built in 2012 and radio telescopes RT-16 and RT-32 renovated and equipped with cryogenic high sensitive receivers. The paper deals with the analysis and evaluation of intensities and probabilities of short-pulse interferences produced by wind park “Platene” and its possible impact on radio astronomical observations at VIRAC radio telescopes.
Embedded Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System with Hardware Implemented Real Time Parameter Update
Authors: Brassai Sándor Tihamér , Hajdu Szabolcs , Tămas Tibor
Published: May 2018

In the paper a Sugeno architecture based hardware implemented neuro adaptive inference system’s training algorithm is presented. The block diagram of the neuro-adaptive inference system output computing implemented in hardware is discussed, and the implementation in reconfigurable circuit of real-time parameter tuning is presented. The proposed system functionality based on measurements achieved is demonstrated. The resulted architecture has a very high processing speed, and the parameter adaptation works in parallel with the output processing. The proposed architecture can also be used for different training algorithms’ development.
Performance Analysis of Sparse Data Structure Implementations
Authors: Böröcz Péter , Tar Péter , Maros István
Published: May 2018

Sparse linear algebraic data structures are widely used during the solution of large scale linear optimization problems. The efficiency of the solver is significantly influenced by the used data structures. The implementations of such data structures are not trivial. A performance analysis of the available data structures can provide valuable information to improve efficiency. In the talk we present our software that supports this task as well as our new, special vector representation. We also report results covering the solution for numerical issues affecting the performance of sparse linear algebraic operations.
Effect of Oxygen Doping on the Structure of TiN Surface Coatings
Authors: Bíró Domokos , Jakab-Farkas László , Kelemen András , Papp Sándor , Hasaneen Mohamed Fathy , Menyhárd Miklós , Gurbán Sándor , Barna Péter B.
Published: May 2018

In the present work the influence of the level of oxygen doping on the structure of TiN films was investigated by dedicated experiments. The films were deposited at 400°C in an all metal UHV device by unbalanced magnetron sputtering at the same Ar and nitrogen flow rates, but the oxygen flow rate was changed in the experiments, incorporating oxygen in the range of 4 and 20 at.%. The structure of the films was investigated by XRD, Auger electron (AES) and X-ray photon electron (XPS) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results discovered the crystal face anisotropy in the incorporation-segregation of oxygen leading to the change of the <111> texture to <002>. The structure analysis revealed that the <002> texture is developing also by competitive growth of crystals, which is the result of the limitation of the growth of the <111> oriented crystals by the TiO2 layer developing on their growth surface by the segregated oxygen species. The oxygen incorporating in the crystal lattice on the 002 crystal faces of the <002> oriented crystals is segregated by surface spinodal decomposition, developing nm sized 3D TiO-2 inclusion both in the bulk of the columns and the column boundaries.
Mathematical Modelling for Micropiles Embedded in Salt Rock
Authors: Rădan (Toader) Georgiana , Rădulescu Nicoleta , Oancea Gheorghe
Published: May 2018

This study presents the results of the mathematical modelling for the micropiles foundation of an investement objective located in Slanic, Prahova county. Three computing models were created and analyzed with software, based on Finite Element Method. With Plaxis 2D model was analyzed the isolated micropile and the three-dimensional analysis was made with Plaxis 3D model, for group of micropiles. For the micropiles foundation was used Midas GTS-NX model. The mathematical models were calibrated based with the in-situ tests results for axially loaded micropiles, embedded in salt rock. The paper presents the results obtained with the three software, the calibration and validation models.
Seismic Design of Masonry Buildings Some Gaps in Structural Eurocodes and their Correction by Codes CR 6 -2013 and P 100-1/2013
Authors: Petrovici Radu
Published: May 2018

Experience of designing buildings with structural masonry walls and masonry non-structural elements using Codes CR 6-2006 [15a] and P 100-1/2006 [16a], that were developed based on design principles and rules of Eurocodes adopted in Romania SR EN 1996-1-1[13] and SR EN 1998-1[14], revealed the need of some additions and corrections of texts.

These interventions made by developing Codes CR 6 -2013[15] and P 100-1/2013[16], which we can characterize synthetically as follows:

- Are aligned with the Structural Eurocodes principles but correcting some identified deficiencies.

- Resume some previous provisions of national regulations that lack in Eurocodes

- Introduce the results of recent theoretical and experimental research

- Provide practical application rules, simple and explicit, accompanied by “Commentary” and “Design examples”

The communication exposes and justifies synthetically the following new approaches introduced in the 2013 editions of the two regulations:

Modification of the methodology for the partial safety factors (γM) and for establishing the minimum necessary strength values of masonry.

Additions and explanations of the design rules for unreinforced and confined masonry subjected to combined axial compression and flexure and to shear loading.
Social networking in Bangladesh: Boon or curse for academic engagement?
Authors: Mouri Dey , Ali Arshad Chowdhury
Published: May 2018

The number of social networking services (SNSs) users in Bangladesh is increasing at an accelerating rate. There are many who argue that SNS usage is destroying the students’ future by diminishing their academic engagement. The authors aim to investigate whether there is any relationship between students’ academic performance and their SNS usage. The study chose Facebook as a representative of SNSs because this is the most popular platform for online social connectivity and conducted a survey regarding the usage of Facebook among students of Business Administration from three private Bangladeshi private universities. The research results show that Facebook can be used for at least 21 academic tasks or goals and that these can be grouped into six major factors. Moreover, students opine that their online socializing does not reduce their study time, instead it helps them get the latest study related information, sharing courses, class schedules etc. After running a regression analysis, the authors conclude that the students’ level of engagement with the academic life through Facebook does not influence their academic results. The reason for this insignificant relation between academic results and academic engagement through SNSs may be due to the non-diversified course curriculum, the traditional way of delivering lectures and evaluating, limited study materials, non-receptiveness to technology-based learning etc. However, the authors propose to include SNSs as a study tool as it is a popular media and to conduct further research to better understand the effective way of using it in the education system.
Association Between Bacterial Vaginosis and Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Uterine Cervix
Authors: Dabeski Drage , Danilovski Dragan , Antovska Vesna , Basheska Neli , Stojovski Marjan , Popovska Zora , Buklioska Adriana , Avramovska Maja
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Bacterial vaginosis is polymicrobial, primarily anaerobic infection, previously called non-specific vaginitis or vaginitis accompanied by Gardne-rella vaginallis. It is a result of an imbalance between different types of bacteria in the vagina. The aim of the study was to determine the association between bacterial vaginosis and squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix.

Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a series of 338 sexually active women with cytologicallly diagnosed squamous intraepithelial lesion of the uterine cervix at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje in the period from October 2014 to October 2015. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 59 years (35±10.49). All women underwent cervical biopsy with endocervical curettage for histopathological analysis and cervical biopsy for detection and HPV typing. Criteria for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was the presence of ≥20% clue cells of ePapanicolaou smear.

Results. Bacterial vaginosis was detected in 19.5% (66/338) of the examined women. The most affected was the young population under the age of 30 years. The results showed an association between bacterial vaginosis and squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix (p=0.032). There was no association between bacterial vaginosis and the grade of lesion of the uterine cervix (p=0.118), nor with HPV infection (p=0.570). But, however an association was found between HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix (p=0.001).

Conclusion. The most common risk factor for squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix are persistent high-risk HPV infections. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common co-infection.
Influence of Physical Therapy Modalities on Pain in Osteoporosis Patients: initial results of the treatment with physical therapy
Authors: Koevska Valentina , Perchinkova-Mishevska Snezana , Nikolik-Dimitrova Erieta , Mitrevska Biljana
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Osteoporosis causes chronic back pain leading to restriction of functional capacity and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of physical therapy modalities on pain in patients with osteoporosis.

Methods. This is a prospective study of patients with osteoporosis, randomly chosen and followed for three months in the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (IPMR). Physical therapy consisted of physical modalities and therapeutic exercises. Physical therapy modalities included interferential currents and pulsed low-frequency electromagnetic field conducted each day with weekend breaks, 21 in total. Patients had therapeutic exercises 3 times a week during the entire follow-up period. Patients were assigned into two groups. The first group consisted of nine patients who underwent physical procedures and the second group consisted of nine patients who did not receive physical therapy modalities. Two check-ups were made on day 21 and at the end of the third month. Assessment of pain intensity was made by the use of a numeric pain rating scale.

Results. No significant difference between the groups was observed regarding mean age of patients (p<0.21). The first check-up showed a significantly higher pain score in the second group of patients (p=0.0003). There was no significant difference in pain intensity between both groups of patients in the three-month period of investigation (p<0.63).

Conclusion. Physical therapy modalities influence on pain in patients with osteoporosis. Our investigation included a small number of patients and hence further studies are necessary.
Leiomyoma of the Ileum: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Roso Ivana , Fildiski Igor , Panovski Milcho
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Leiomyomas are infrequently localized on the ileum. They are diagnosed accidentally or due to complications from their existence.

Case report. We present a case of a 65-year-old patient, with CT angiogram performed due to a pain, swelling and coldness in the lower extremities, which pointed to a well-vascularized tumorous formation on the small intestines. Anamnestic and laboratory findings were negative for the existence of carcinoid. Exploratory laparotomy with partial resection of the ileum was performed, using “no touch” technique and a termino-terminal anastomosis was done.

Results. The operative and postoperative period were uneventful. The histopathological finding confirmed leiomyoma of the small bowel.

Conclusions. Leiomyomas of the small intestines are rare and their clinical presentation is atypical. The surgical therapy is primary and often indicated to accidentally discovered lesions. Definitive diagnosis is confirmed with histopathological analysis from which the further therapy depends.
Partial Liver Herniation Through the Incisional Defect on Anteriot Abdominal Wall
Authors: Gligorievski Antonio , Lazarova Ana
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Ventral hernias are quite common, but liver herniation is an extremely rare case. This type of abdominal protrusion of part of the liver usually occurs through incisional weak spots on the abdominal wall. Incisional herniation of the liver usually occurs 2 to 3 years after an abdominal operation consequently leading to focal weakness of the abdominal wall.

Case report. We present an extremely rare case of incisional herniation of part of the left and smaller part of the right liver lobe in a woman aged 64 years, as a consequence of a previous open cholecystectomy, creating a focal abdominal wall weakness. Abdominal CT scan was performed. Analysis of the CT scans, as well as of the reconstruction made in the coronal and sagittal plane was performed. Herniation of the left and the smaller part of the right liver lobe through an incisive focal weakness of the right upper quadrant of the abdominal wall was detected.

Discussion. Incisional hernias are delayed complications of abdominal surgery. They can occur anywhere on the abdominal wall and are more frequently encountered in a vertical than in a transverse incision. Typically, incisional hernias occur during the first months following surgery, but later occurrence has been reported as well. Herniation of the liver through the anterior abdominal wall is an extremely rare condition and usually related to previous surgery on the upper abdomen. Due to its rarity it is both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

Conclusion. We can conclude that there is a connection between liver herniation through the upper abdominal wall and a previously performed open abdominal surgery. CT is the method of choice for diagnosis of liver herniation through the anterior abdominal wall.
Treatment of Severe Autoimmune Diseases with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Stojanoski Zlate , Karadzova-Stojanoska Anzelika , Pivkova-Veljanovska Aleksandra , Genadieva-Stavrik Sonja , Cadievski Lazar , Ivanovski Martin , Karanfilski Oliver , Cevreska Lidija , Georgievski Borce
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Autoimmune diseases are a family of more than 100 heterogeneous conditions that affect 5 to 8% of the world’s population. The etiology is still un-known but the disregulation of the regulatory T-lymphocytes play a central role inthe autoimmunity and the success of the long-term remission. Although conventional immunosuppression and new biological agents can provide disease control in severely affected patients, such treatments are rarely curative and alternative strategies are needed. Indeed, severe forms of systemic autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), hematologic immune cytopenia (HIC) and Crohn’s disease are difficult to be treated. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy followed by autologous stem cells transplantation is reliable option for a successive treatment of this group of patients.

Aim. To determine the safety of the procedure of autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with autoimmune diseases and concomitant malignant hematological disorders.

Methods. During a period of 15 years (from September 2000 to September 2015) at the University Clinic of Hematology in Skopje we have treated 6 patients with autoimmune disease and concomitant hematological neoplasm. None of the patients was treated for primary autoimmune diseases. Two men and 4 women, with median age of 47 years were treated. Sjogren syndrome and multiple myeloma were found in 2 patients, polyartheritis nodosa and multiple myeloma in 1 patient, rheumatoid arthritis and acute myeloblastic leukemia in 1, systemic lupus erythematosus and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 1; severe psoriasis and acute myeloblastic leukemia in 1 patient.

Results. All treated patients are alive after trans-planted procedure, with transplant related mortality day +100: 0.

Conclusion. Autologous stem cell transplantation is safe and recommended option for treatment ofpatients with autoimmune disease and hematologic neoplasm.
Doppler Comparative Measurements in the Reconstruction of Limbs with Flaps and Grafts
Authors: Dzonov Boro , Noveski Lazo , Nikolovska Suzana , Zhogovska Elizabeta
Published: May 2018

Doppler technique was first described by the Australian physicist and mathematician Christian Doppler. Doppler effect is defined as a reflection of high frequency sound waves of different frequency when they come in contact with the movable structure in the blood vessel. Waves that go to transducers are coded red, while waves that move away from the transducer are coded blue. Doppler main types can be classified as following: continuous wave (CW) Doppler, spectral Doppler, color Doppler and Power Doppler color. The study was realizedat the University Clinic for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. It is a randomized prospective study. During the study two groups of 30 patientseach were formed. Each patient was required a permission for reconstructive surgery procedure and an informed consent for participation in the study. For all patients a specially designed questionnaire (non-standardized) was filled out.

1. First (I) group of patients treated with flaps. In this group a type of reconstructive technique with skin or complex flapshas been applied.

2. Second group (II) of patients treated with grafts (split thickness grafts). In this group applied reconstruction comprised application of skin grafts with partial thickness.

The study included patients with defects of the skin and soft tissues, whohad an indication for reconstructive surgery procedure. Exclusion criteria of patients for participation in the study were: children under 14 years of age, adults over 75 years, people with systemic diseases that can affect the results of reconstructive intervenetions and patients who have without periosteum bone-like surface defect as contraindication for skin grafting. The results of the reconstructive procedures according to the objectives set were investigated clinically into three time periods: preoperative, postoperative day 7 and day 30 postoperatively. The following investigations were carried out: determination of the circulation levels by means of Doppler; determination of the levels of limbs circulation is distal to the site of reconstruction in the pre-and postoperative period (day 7 and day 30);

For the evaluation of blood flow the following parameters were used:

• PSV-Peak systolic velocity

• PI - Pulsatility index

RI - Resistance indexPI and RI were calculated using the formula:

• PI = PSV - EDV / Vmean

• RI = PSV - EDV / PSV

EDV indicates the flow velocity in late diastole and V mean, the average speed of blood flow through the artery. By assessment of arterial status before and after surgery through the analysis ofvascular waves at different locations of the vascular tree of the upper and lower extremities, we registered significant difference between the two examined groups, which speaks in favor of the use of flaps in reconstruction of the lower limbs.
How to Recognize and Avoid Potential, Possible, or Probable Predatory Open-Access Publishers, Standalone, and Hijacked Journals
Authors: Danevska Lenche , Spiroski Mirko , Donev Doncho , Pop-Jordanova Nada , Polenakovic Momir
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The Internet has enabled an easy method to search through the vast majority of publications and has improved the impact of scholarly journals. However, it can also pose threats to the quality of published articles. New publishers and journals have emerged so-called open-access potential, possible, or probable predatory publishers and journals, and so-called hijacked journals. It was our aim to increase awareness and warn scholars, especially young researchers, how to recognize these journals and how to avoid submission of their papers to these journals.

Methods. Review and critical analysis of the relevant published literature, Internet sources and personal experience, thoughts, and observations of the authors.

Results. The web blog of Jeffrey Beall, University of Colorado, was greatly consulted. Jeffrey Beall is a Denver academic librarian who regularly maintains two lists: the first one, of potential, possible, or probable predatory publishers and the second one, of potential, possible, or probable predatory standalone journals. Aspects related to this topic presented by other authors have been discussed as well.

Conclusion. Academics should bear in mind how to differentiate between trustworthy and reliable journals and predatory ones, considering: publication ethics, peer-review process, international academic standards, indexing and abstracting, preservation in digital repositories, metrics, sustainability, etc.
Reactive Stroma in Prostatic Carcinoma and Correlation with Tumor Grade and Tumor Stage
Authors: Filipovski Vanja , Kubelka-Sabit Katerina , Jasar Dzengis , Dimitrov Gligor , Janevska Vesna
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Reactive stroma co-evolves with prostatic carcinoma. The aim of this study is to establish stromal changes in the prostatic cancer tissue and to quantify those changes.

Methods. Samples from 70 patients treated with radical prostatectomy due to prostatic cancer were used for this analysis. Stromal changes in prostatic cancer tissue were analyzed using histochemical stain Trichrome Masson and immunohistochemical stains Vimentin and Desmin and those changes were compared to the stromal composition in the surrounding benign prostatic hyperplasia. These changes were quantified as following: for the histochemical stain Trichrome Masson we measured the intensity of the stain and for the immunohistochemical stains Vimentin and Desmin we used the “stromal index” that combines the frequency and intensity of the signal. We correlated the received data between each parameters and with tumor grade and tumor stage using the Spearman rank correlation test.

Results. There was significant correlation between Trichrome Masson staining intensity and tumor grade (R=0,27 p=0,023) and tumor stage (R=0,24 p=0,049), between Vimentin expression and tumor grade (R=0,35 p=0,003) and tumor stage (R=0,28 p=0,019) and between Desmin expression and tumor grade (R=−0,25 p=0,035).

Conclusion. Analyses of the stromal composition and the expression of stromal markers in prostatic carcinoma and their quantification could serve as an additional tool in evaluation of tumor aggressiveness and tumor extension.
Epidural Anesthesia for Caesarean Section and Occurrence of Horner’s Syndrome
Authors: Spasovski Sasho , Sivevski Atanas , Karadjova Dafina , Samardziski Igor
Published: May 2018

Recently, specifically in the last decade, at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the number of patients treated with epidural analgesia for painless childbirth, which in some percentage ends in Caesarian section (35%), has increased. The increased use of the epidural anesthesia and analgesia is due to the fact that it is one of the most popular ways of childbirth today. This situation is a result of the benefits that epidural anesthesia has for the patient, which consist of allowing the pregnant woman to be conscious during childbirth and to feel and see her child coming into the world, accompanied with smaller intensity of intraoperative and postoperative pain. However, the results or the effects in practice have shown that in certain insignificant percentage patients can have negative consequences from the received analgesia (anesthesia) such as: headache, cases of durra puncture, epidural abscess or hematoma, neurological outbursts etc. But, the subject of this analysis or the aim of this study is the appearance of Horner’s syndrome, as one of the negative effects of the epidural anesthesia, which even though rarely (only in 1% of the cases) can appear as a result of the epidural anesthesia. In the case study using the historic, comparative and empirical method we will try through a specific case to determine the causes for the occurrence of the Horner’s syndrome, how it should be treated and what are the consequences for the patient.
Tethered Cord Syndrome in Children – Report of Two Cases
Authors: Duma Filip , Bojadzieva Sonja , Sofijanova Aspazija , Stamatova Ana , Andonovski Angelcho , Jordanova Olivera
Published: May 2018

Tethered spinal cord syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by tissue attachments that limit the movement of the spinal cord within the spinal column. Attachments may occur congenitally at the base of the spinal cord (medullary cone) or they may develop near the site of an injury to the spinal cord. These attachments cause an abnormal stretching of the spinal cord. The course of the disorder is progressive.

We present two patients that were diagnosed at age of three months and three years, respectively. Final diagnosis was made by magnetic resonance imaging, and both patients were referred to University Clinic of Neurosurgery for further treatment.

Our aim is to illustrate the advantages of the early diagnostics of this progressive condition, to present diagnostic methods that are age-dependent and to illustrate the early clinical indicators for its existence.
Economic and Environmental Analysis of Shrimp Farming in Chilika Lake, India
Authors: Lopamudra Mishra
Published: May 2018

The shrimp culture industry around Chilika Lake has expanded in the last two decades under the rationale of providing economic benefits at national, regional, community and household levels. Salinisation and pollution of agricultural land especially rice paddies by seepage usually ruin crops and render the land unsuitable for agriculture. As a result there is the decline in the yield rate, which led to the conversion of agricultural land to shrimp ponds. After the shrimp culture for some years the land will be unable to support any natural or agricultural productivity. In due course, these shrimp ponds are abandoned being fit for nothing. The lack of emphasis on enforcement of different legislation, particularly environmental legislation, has allowed the shrimp farms to operate in and around the lake using culture practices that degrade the environment. Thus, the problem with the state is not a lack of legislation, but an unwillingness or inability to enforce it. As a result of this, an established livelihood system is broken down as land with multiple agricultural uses is turned over to mono-crop production. This in turn will lead to abandoned land, which is of no use after few years.
Using the Modelling and Simulation Techniques to Improve the Management of SMEs Belonging to Regional Clusters
Authors: Țîțu Mihail , Oprean Constantin , Pîrnau Claudiu , Țîțu Ștefan
Published: May 2018

The efficiency of exploiting the software takes on new dimensions under the conditions of integrated exploitation at the level of process and structural organization of SMEs found within the regional strategic alliances. The modeling and simulation of the leadership and regulation processes of the supply, sales and production flows imply a complex display of forces between the different partners of the logistic chain which can be supported by the existence of some data bases developed based on information partnership whose purpose is to counterattack the communication barriers and to ensure a flow and flexibility of the entire logistic flow. The modeling and simulation of the non-industrial processes can lead to the increase of the efficient development of the rural areas and small urban areas through agro-tourism, combining elements that are specific to some fields such as agriculture, ecology, merchandise/people transportation and tourism.
Intercultural Communication in Teaching Chinese to European Students
Authors: Burdușel Eva-Nicoleta , Shaofeng Song , Caiyue Li
Published: May 2018

The major goal of the present study is to highlight to tight connection and interdependency between language and culture from both theoretical and applied perspectives, with special focus on the reciprocal influence and impact on teaching Chinese language and literature to foreign students, particularly in the European context. Famous scholars have wisely noted the sine-quanon relation of society, culture, history, geography and language evinced in the process of communication, at large, and most notably in translation, literary studies and language learning, which are complex processes requiring a thorough and conscious immersion in the context of the language. The paper also includes a case study on teaching Chinese language and culture to foreign students.
Computer simulation of sputtering of graphite target in magnetron sputtering device with two zones of erosion
Authors: Bogdanov R.V. , Kostiukevych O.M.
Published: May 2018

A computer simulation program for discharge in a magnetron sputtering device with two erosion zones was developed. Basic laws of the graphite target sputtering process and transport of sputtered material to the substrate were taken into account in the Monte Carlo code. The results of computer simulation for radial distributions of density and energy flux of carbon atoms on the substrate (at different values of discharge current and pressure of the working gas) confirmed the possibility of obtaining qualitative homogeneous films using this magnetron sputtering device. Also the discharge modes were determined for this magnetron sputtering device, in which it was possible to obtain such energy and density of carbon atoms fluxes, which were suitable for deposition of carbon films containing carbon nanotubes and other nanoparticles.
Phase, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of A-site deficient (La, Nd)2/3TiO3 perovskite ceramics
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Iqbal Yaseen , Qin Shan , Wu Xiang , Zhu Feng
Published: May 2018

(La, Nd)2/3TiO3 ceramics were prepared through a conventional solid state mixed oxide route. For phase and microstructure analysis, XRD and SEM were used, respectively. Microwave dielectric properties were measured using a network analyzer. XRD patterns revealed the formation of the parent (La, Nd)2/3TiO3 phase along with (La, Nd)4Ti9O24 as a secondary phase. The microstructure consisted of rectangular and needle shaped grains, which decreased in size from 4 μm to 2 μm with an increase in sintering temperature from 1300 °C to 1350 °C. Decrease in grain size caused an increase in density of the samples from 4.81 g/cm3 to 5.17 g/cm3. Microwave dielectric properties of the samples calcined and sintered in air atmosphere were εr = 40.35, Q × f = 3499 GHz and τf = 0 ppm/°C, whereas for a sample calcined in nitrogen and sintered in air they were εr = 40.18, Q × f = 4077 GHz and τf = +4.9 ppm/°C, respectively.
Magnetoelectric effect in (BiFeO3)x–(BaTiO3)1-x solid solutions
Authors: Kowal Karol , Jartych Elżbieta , Guzdek Piotr , Lisińska-Czekaj Agata , Czekaj Dionizy
Published: May 2018

The aim of the present work was to study magnetoelectric effect (ME) in (BiFeO3)x-(BaTiO3)1-x solid solutions in terms of technological conditions applied in the samples fabrication process. The rapidly growing interest in these materials is caused by their multiferroic behaviour, i.e. coexistence of both electric and magnetic ordering. It creates possibility for many innovative applications, e.g. in steering the magnetic memory by electric field and vice versa. The investigated samples of various chemical compositions (i.e. x = 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9) were prepared by the solid-state sintering method under three sets of technological conditions differing in the applied temperature and soaking time. Measurements of the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient αME were performed using a dynamic lock-in technique. The highest value of αME was observed for 0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3 solid solution sintered at the highest temperature (T = 1153 K) after initial electrical poling despite that the soaking time was reduced 10 times in this case.
Influence of uniaxial stresses on electronic and optical properties of β-K2SO4 crystal
Authors: Andriyevsky B. , Jaskólski M. , Stadnyk V.Y. , Romanyuk M.O. , Kashuba Z.O. , Romanyuk M.M.
Published: May 2018

In view of possible practical applications of transparent crystals for mechanical stress sensors, theoretical investigation of piezo(elasto)optic effect in crystals might be useful for searching for proper materials, possessing large coefficients of elasto-optic effect, and for determination of uniaxial stress directions of maximum piezo-optical sensitivity. The influence of the uniaxial stresses on the electronic band structure, density of states, and optical properties of potassium sulphate crystal β-K2SO4 have been studied in the framework of the density functional theory using the ab initio CASTEP code. Increase in the band gap, Eg of the crystal takes place for three crystallographic directions and for moderate uniaxial stresses, σ < 1.5 GPa. Dependencies of principal refractive indices and polarizabilities upon principal uniaxial stresses are discussed together with other features of electronic structure of the crystal.
Analysis of emission of Eu3+ and Dy3+ doped Magnesium Boro-Tellurite (MBT) ceramics
Authors: Bohari Nur Zu Ira , Hussin R. , Ibrahim Zuhairi , Lintang Hendrik O.
Published: May 2018

Rare earth (RE) ions play an important role in the improvement of the optical properties of ceramics. Rare-earth ceramics are commonly used in display panels, fluorescent lamps and lasers. The luminescence properties of Magnesium Boro-Tellurite (MBT) Eu3+ and Dy3+ doped ceramics have not been reported before. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine the effect of different compositions on the luminescence properties of the MBT material. A series of xTeO2-(70-x)B2O3-30MgO ceramics with 10 ≤ x ≤ 40 mol % doped with 1 mol % of Eu3+ and Dy3+ ions was prepared via the solid-state reaction method. The influence of various compositions on the crystalline phase and photoluminescence properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and luminescence spectroscopy. The crystalline phases obtained in this study are Mg3(BO3)2, MgB4O7, Mg2B2O5, Mg(Te2O5) and MgTe3O6. It was stated that the crystalline phases have not changed as a result of doping with Eu3+ and Dy3+ ions. The emission spectra of Eu3+: MBT ceramics showed strong red emission at 612 nm due to the transition of 5D0 → 7F2 and meanwhile, the Dy3+: MBT ceramics showed a blue emission at 480 nm due to 4F9/2 → 6H15/2 transition and yellow emission at 576 nm due to 4F9/2→6H13/2 transition. Both the rare-earth doped phosphors showed bright emission.
Synthesis of polyaniline nanotubes through UV light catalytic method
Authors: Chuanyu Sun , Yu Wang
Published: May 2018

In this study, nitrocellulose (NC) fiber blanket prepared by electrostatic spinning method has been used as a template, and copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) as an oxidant to synthesise polyaniline nanotubes doped with heteropolyacid (H4SiW12O40, SiW12) using UV light catalytic method. Infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technologies were applied to characterize the prepared samples of polyaniline nanotubes. The results show that the external diameter of the tube is about 200 nm, and the internal diameter about 170 nm. We also give a reasonable speculation and explanation about the formation mechanism of the nanotubes.
Influence of duration time of CVD process on emissive properties of carbon nanotubes films
Authors: Stępinska Izabela , Kozłowski Mirosław , Radomska Joanna , Wronka Halina , Czerwosz Elżbieta , Sobczak Kamil
Published: May 2018

In this paper various types of films made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are presented. These films were prepared on different substrates (Al2O3, Si n-type) by the two-step method. The two-step method consists of physical vapor deposition step, followed by chemical vapor deposition step (PVD/CVD). Parameters of PVD process were the same for all initial films, while the duration times of the second step - the CVD process, were different (15, 30 min.). Prepared films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission (FE) measurements. The I-E and F-N characteristics of electron emission were discussed in terms of various forms of CNT films. The value of threshold electric field ranged from few V/μm (for CNT dispersed rarely on the surface of the film deposited on Si) up to ~20 V/μm (for Al2O3 substrate).
Phase, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Mg0:95Ni0:05Ti0:98Zr0:02O3 ceramics
Authors: Manan Abdul , Khan Dil Nawaz , Ullah Atta , Ahmad Arbab Safeer
Published: May 2018

Mg0:95Ni0:05Ti0:98Zr0:02O3 ceramics was prepared via conventional solid-state mixed-oxide route. The phase, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of the sintered samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a vector network analyzer. The microstructure comprised of circular and elongated plate-like grains. The semi quantitative analysis (EDS) of the circular and elongated grains revealed the existence of Mg0:95Ni0:05T2O5 as a secondary phase along with the parent Mg0:95Ni0:05Ti0:98Zr0:02O3 phase, which was consistent with the XRD findings. In the present study, εr ~17.1, Qufo~195855 ± 2550 GHz and τf ~ -46 ppm/K was achieved for the synthesized Mg0:95Ni0:05Ti0:98Zr0:02O3 ceramics sintered at 1325 °C for 4 h.
Anharmonic phonon properties in Eu0.5Ba0.5TiO3
Authors: Cao Xian-Sheng
Published: May 2018

Phonon properties have been studied using reduced sound velocity of Eu0.5Ba0.5TiO3 (EBTO). To achieve this aim, the anharmonic phonon-phonon interaction and the spin-phonon interaction were used. It was shown that the reduced sound velocity of multiferroic EBTO exhibits a kink at TN = 1.9 K. This anomalously reduced sound velocity can be interpreted as an effect of vanishing magnetic ordering above TN. What’s more, the ferroelectric subsystem cannot be influenced by the magnetic subsystem above TN for TN ≪TC in the EBTO. It was found that the reduced sound velocity decreases as T increases near ferroelectric transition TC. That is to say, the sound velocity softens near ferroelectric transition TC. It is also noteworthy that the reduced sound velocity softens when the RE (the coupling between the ferroelectric pseudo-spins and phonons), V(3) and |V(4)| (the third- and fourth-order atomic force constants of the anharmonic phonons, respectively) increase. These conclusions are all in good accordance with the experimental data and theoretical results.
Training Programs for Managing Well-being in Companies
Authors: Treven Sonja , Treven Urška , Šarotar Žižek Simona
Published: May 2018

This paper discussed the significance of well-being (WB) and well-being management (WBM). As successful WBM requires the implementation of different training programs, such programs are presented in detail. The cause–effect relationship between training and individual/organizational performance is researched as well. The aim of the research to support this article was to present WBM, its training programs, as well as the determination of WBM activities concerning the mentioned programs implemented in Slovenian organizations.