bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropocene and “Development”: Intertwined Trajectories Since the Beginning of The Great Acceleration
Authors: Figueiredo Marina Dantas de , Marquesan Fábio Freitas Schilling , Imas José Miguel
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: We aim to propose the thesis that the trajectories of the Anthropocene and the current mainstream understandings of development are intertwined from the beginning. It means that the Anthropocene and the “development” are coetaneous: the implementation of development policies for the so-considered underdeveloped regions started to happen at the same time of what is known as The Great Acceleration of production, consumption and environmental degradation in a global level. Method: In this conceptual paper, we adopt a decolonial critique as an analytical lens and argue that different geopolitical positions may be necessary for approaching the issue of the Anthropocene from epistemological reflections that can include the cultural and political context of the production and reproduction of local knowledge. Results: Our theoretical argumentation sheds light on the role of Global North and South relations in shaping the environmental crisis. Latin America (LA) exemplifies the modus operandi of the intertwinement of the practical effects of development policies and the environmental consequences underlying the Anthropocene, in which natural resources are over-explored to satisfy export-oriented trade, from the South toward the North. LA is not only a propitious context to show the validity of our thesis, but also the source of alternatives to such developmental model. Conclusion: The emphasis on development as a cause of the Anthropocene supports The Great Acceleration thesis. The proposition of the name Developmentocene comes from the thesis that development and Anthropocene are coetaneous, the intertwinement of both resulting in the very definition of the new epoch.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF GASTROPANEL® FOR ATROPHIC GASTRITIS IN BRAZILIAN SUBJECTS AND THE EFFECT OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS
Authors: MATTAR Rejane , MARQUES Sergio Barbosa , RIBEIRO Igor Braga , VISCONTI Thiago Arantes de Carvalho , FUNARI Mateus , DE MOURA Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that the combination of gastrin-17 (G-17), pepsinogens I and II (PGI and PGII), and anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibodies (GastroPanel®, BIOHIT HealthCare, Helsinki, Finland) could serve as biomarkers of atrophic gastritis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to ensure the diagnostic accuracy of GastroPanel® and evaluate the effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on these biomarkers. METHODS: Dyspeptic patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in the present study. Histological findings, which were the gold standard to stratify groups, were as follows: no atrophy (controls); antrum atrophy; corpus atrophy; multifocal atrophy; and neoplasia. G-17, PGI, PGII, and anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies were assayed using commercially available kits. The ratio of PGI/PGII was calculated. RESULTS: Among 308 patients, 159 (51.6%) were PPI users. The overall prevalence of atrophy was 43.8% (n=135). Ninety-two (29.9%) patients were H. pylori positive according to anti-H. pylori IgG levels. G-17 levels were not low in those with antrum atrophy but were high in those with corpus and multifocal atrophies. PGI levels were significantly lower in those with corpus and multifocal atrophies. The sensitivity of PGI <30 µg/L to detect corpus atrophy was 50% (95% CI 27.8-72.1%), with a specificity of 93.2% (95% CI 84.3-97.5%), a positive likelihood ratio of 7.4 (95% CI 2.9-19.2), and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.8). A small number of subjects (n=6) exhibited moderate to intense atrophy (4%), among whom 66.7% exhibited decreased PGI levels. PPI significantly increased the levels of G-17 and PGI, except in those with corpus and multifocal atrophies, in whom PGI levels were not increased by PPIs. CONCLUSION: GastroPanel® (Gastrin-17, PGI, and PGI/PGII ratio) did not demonstrate high sensitivity for detecting gastric atrophy.
Teleodontologia e SUS: uma importante ferramenta para a retomada da Atenção Primária à Saúde no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Carrer Fernanda Campos de almeida , Matuck Bruno , Lucena Edson Hilan Gomes de , Martins Fábio Carneiro , Pucca Junior Gilberto Alfredo , Galante Mariana Lopes , Tricoli Maria Fernanda de Montezuma , Macedo Mary Caroline Skelton
Published: June 2020

Este “short communication” descreve as possibilidades de utilização da Teleodontologia para ampliação e qualificação do cuidado em saúde nas redes de atenção à saúde bucal. A OMS já recomendava aos seus países membros, mesmo antes da pandemia, o Telessaúde como estratégia para melhorar a qualidade dos serviços, especialmente nos sistemas universais, como é o caso do Sistema Único de Saúde. A Teleodontologia abre oportunidades para que a saúde bucal retome a oferta de diversos serviços, de forma remota, como: 1. rastreamento, busca ativa, monitoramento de usuários prioritários, de risco e com problemas sistêmicos, de suspeitas de COVID-19 e contactantes, através do Telemonitamento; 2. escuta inicial, atividades educativas individuais ou coletivas, através da Teleorientação; 3. discussão de casos clínicos para a definição da oportunidade/necessidade de procedimentos operatórios, matriciamento, compartilhamento, solução de dúvidas entre profissionais e entre estes e instituições de ensino e pesquisa, por Teleconsultorias, entre outros. Além de uma revisão sobre a Teleodontologia no contexto da pandemia, conceituamos os termos utilizados e possibilidades que oferecem aos profissionais do SUS, além de especificar os protocolos possíveis para registro dessas atividades, a fim de fornecer dados seguros para seu monitoramento e avaliação. Ademais, trazemos uma breve discussão com experiências promissoras, realizadas nos contextos pré e trans pandemia, que podem ser importantes estratégias para a retomada da saúde bucal no cenário pós pandemia.
Kinetics of sorption in bio-based materials: theory and simulation of a demonstrator wall
Authors: Reuge Nicolas , Collet Florence , Pretot Sylvie , Moissette Sophie , Bart Marjorie , Lanos Christophe
Published: June 2020

The classical models describing hygric transport inside building materials seem unsuitable for bio-based materials. Based on the assumption of an instantaneous local equilibrium between relative humidity and water content evolving according to the sorption isotherms, they predict much shorter stabilisation times than those obtained experimentally. A new approach is presented here: it frees from the local instantaneous equilibrium by introducing local kinetics to describe the transformation of water from the vapour state to the absorbed liquid state and vice versa. In the framework of the European IsoBio project, a multilayered wall mainly made of bio-based materials was developed. The different layers were characterised in terms of sorption, vapour permeabilities and thermal conductivities. The sorption measurements performed on representative samples allowed determination of the local kinetic constants. The hygrothermal behaviour of the test wall was then studied in an instrumented demonstrator (Hive, Wroughton, UK). The recorded measurements were compared with simulations based on the instantaneous local equilibrium model (TMC code) and on the local kinetics of sorption model (TMCKIN code). TMC very significantly underestimated the dynamics of the local relative humidity variations whereas TMCKIN succeeded in predicting these dynamics and produced results close to measurements.
Chemical deposition of CdS thin films in the hexagonal phase without annealing
Authors: Önal Metehan , Altıokka Barış
Published: June 2020

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films were produced using the chemical bath deposition method with thiourea as the source of sulfur (S). Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (2.4 mmol), potassium hydroxide (KOH) (0.15 mol) and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) (0.16 mol) were dissolved in 100 ml deionized water. Thiourea was added to the final solution at intervals of 0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 min. The effects of delaying the addition of thiourea were investigated. The optical properties of cadmium sulfide thin films were determined using an ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy machine. It was found that the bandgaps of the films decreased as the delay time of adding thiourea increased. The structural properties of the cadmium sulfide thin films were obtained by X-ray diffraction. It was discovered that when the film was created with a delay time of 6 min, it had a hexagonal structure. Surface analysis of all the thin films was done with a scanning electron microscope. It was found that cracks and voids decreased as the delay time of the thiourea addition increased.
Modelling creep in clay using the framework of hyper-viscoplasticity
Authors: Grimstad Gustav , Dadrasajirlou Davood , Ghoreishian Amiri Seyed Ali
Published: June 2020

This paper addresses the derivation of creep models using the framework of hyper-viscoplasticity. It demonstrates that the formulations widely used already can easily be obtained using the hyper-viscoplastic formalism. This means that existing formulations (i.e. of the flow potential) are thermodynamically sound. The key assumptions are that the free energy is only a function of elastic strains and that there is no dissipation under pure volumetric swelling (tension). The presented derivations, using the framework of hyper-viscoplasticity, allows for further model development along the same lines, as presented here, with only minor modifications.
Controlling factors for post-failure evolution of subaqueous landslides
Authors: Stoecklin Andreas , Trapper Pavel , Puzrin Alexander M.
Published: June 2020

Subaqueous slope failures can evolve in various patterns. Whereas some slides run out and further evolve into highly mobile turbidity currents, others maintain a continuum-like structure and remain frontally confined. The different failure modes impose different hazard scenarios, making an understanding of their origin crucial for reliable hazard assessments. Yet many of the factors controlling their post-failure behaviour remain not well understood. In this paper, a procedure is presented for the analysis of the post-failure evolution of subaqueous landslides, using a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian finite-element analysis approach. The procedure is applied to analyse the St Niklausen slide in Lake Lucerne (Switzerland), providing a good prediction of observed landslide features, without back-calibration of input parameters. The approach is further applied to investigate the influence of controlling parameters, highlighting effects of different strength parameters, the surrounding water and the slope stratigraphy and geometry on the landslide dynamics. The procedure presented can be generally applied to predict the post-failure evolution of subaqueous landslides and facilitates the extraction of the moving soil–water boundary, which can serve as source input for tsunami propagation modelling.
Assessment of Difficult Intubation Predictors in Different Populations of Turkey
Authors: KEPEKÇİ Ali Bestemi , ERDOĞAN Elif , YAVAŞÇA Hatice Pınar , TELLİ Serkan
Published: June 2020

Difficult tracheal intubation is defined when tracheal intubation requires multiple attempts, in the presence or absence of tracheal pathology. Most importantly, difficult intubation differs between countries and populations. Physicians should be aware of difficult intubation frequencies of their populations. Turkey is a transit country between East and West. Eastern Turkey reflects the Middle East and Asia, while western Turkey has European features. Our objectives were to investigate the frequency of difficult intubation in different regions’ populations, and specificity and sensitivity of predictive values. According to the population in the regions, 24 experienced anesthesiologists from 13 hospitals in 7 regions, were included in the study. Of 1313 patients, 143 patients (10.89%) were detected as difficult intubation. Mallampathy (MLP) III-IV were alone (p = 0.043), and the combination of thyromental distance <6 cm and MLP III-IV (p: 0.018) were statistically significant in difficult and easy intubation patient groups. The specificity was 97.46% in MLP + thyromental combination, and 98.05% in MLP + mouth opening combination. Western region had the shortest measurements in sternomental, thyromental and mouth opening (p <0.05), and had the most difficult intubation frequency compared to the other regions (p: 0.001). The positive predictive values were increased with increasing combinations, but further research is needed on the predictors of difficult intubation.
Daniela Serna: del texto en expansión a los límites de la forma
Authors: Mora Meléndez Fernando
Published: June 2020

Daniela Serna (Medellín, 1991) investiga y crea sobre el tránsito que se produce entre el objeto verbal de origen literario y el artefacto visual de carácter plástico y estético. Su obra expande la idea de la literatura formal, donde las dimensiones temporales y sensoriales se experimentan en la imaginación del lector, para proponer poemas visuales en los cuales propicia una experiencia de sentido que amplifica o diluye los límites de lo posible. En esta reseña se abordan un conjunto de obras, cuyo eje central permite múltiples lecturas, tamizadas por una reserva de signos ideológicos, políticos y estéticos en los cuales la artista inscribe su obra, y que permiten interrogar la relación entre el mundo ficcional representado y la representación que el lector/espectador realiza.
Социология в современной России: институциональные вызовы
Authors: Чепуренко Александр Юльевич
Published: June 2020

Цитирование: Чепуренко А.Ю. (2020) Социология в современной России: институциональные вызовы // Мир России. Т. 29. № 3. С. 66–85. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-3-66-85

В статье сформулированы шесть основных вызовов, стоящих перед российской социологией в настоящее время, а также возможные варианты ответа на них со стороны научного сообщества. Вызов первый связан с неклассической природой современного российского общества; второй – с угрозой утраты социологией как наукой своей критической функции, если она слишком приблизится к государству и займется обслуживанием его интересов; третий  – с необходимостью помочь гражданам понять, что такое российский социум и куда он движется; четвертый – с необходимостью в этом контексте оценить институциональные изменения в науке и образовании; пятый – с необходимостью подготовки научной смены, готовой к реализации фундаментальных и прикладных задач социологии в новых условиях; шестой  – с деформацией норм и ценностей академического сообщества, угрожающих профессии. Автор предлагает свои варианты решения или подходы к ответу на обозначенные вызовы.
The End of the Academic Profession in Russia?
Authors: Денисова-Шмидт Елена Викторовна
Published: June 2020

Citation: Denisova-Schmidt E. (2020) The End of the Academic Profession in Russia? Mir Rossii, vol. 29, no 3, pp. 86–95. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-3-86-95

This article discusses the attractiveness of the academic profession in Russia today. Unnecessary administrative workloads, “unteachable students”, restrictions on academic freedom, diminishing monetary incentives all contribute negatively to the intellectual, creative and teaching activities of faculty members, especially at mass universities. The article is a reflection on the open letter from Vera Afanasieva, a professor of philosophy at Saratov State University, to Olga Vasilyeva the then Russian Minister of Education and Science (2017). This letter, in which the author highlights several major problems of Russian higher education − “total poverty; paper paranoia and clerical schizophrenia; pathological lies − pseudology and mythomania; the devaluation of knowledge; mental illness” − led to a public discussion in the Russian academic community and a number of visits by law enforcement agencies. The paper argues that some of the symptoms might be common and even prevalent in other academic systems, but stresses the magnitude of these phenomena in Russia, including the possible personal responsibilities of faculty members for students’ “extracurricular activities” such as participating in protests.
Solovyov’s China and its influence on his contemporaries
Authors: Osminina E.A.
Published: June 2020

The article examines the influence of V.S. Solovyov on the writers and poets of the Silver age. On the material of the works of Solovyov, related to the «сhinese theme»: the articles «Russia and Europe», «China and Europe», «Japan», «The enemy from the East»; the review of the first volume of works by E.E. Ukhtomsky; the poems «Panmongolizm» and «Dragon»;the tractate «The three conversations about war, progress and the end of world history»; the letter «About the recent events», – is evaluated his influence on D.S. Merezhkovsky's articles: «Yellow-faced positivists», «The coming ham», V.I. Ivanov's articles «Russia, England and Asia», «Inspiration of horror», V.M. Doroshevich's story «Goddess», V.V. Veresaev's story «Under the cedars»; «Chinese poems» and the articles of V.J. Bryusov. The political context of the works, the tradition of depicting China in Russian literature, literary and sinological works on this topic are taken into account. The comparative analysis of texts, the coincidence of a number of theoretical positions, and separate definitions and epithets are revealed. The numbers of Solovyov's positions are revealed, which are reflected in the works of Merezhkovsky and Ivanov: materialism and positivism of the Chinese, the «emptiness» of their philosophy, the denial of life and progress, the «yellow danger», the need for the Christianization of China (the last position in Merezhkovsky is not). Doroshevich's story, written at the height of the ikhetuan rebellion («boxer rebellion»), was influenced by the philosopher's eschatological prophecies. The negative image of China in the poetry of V.J. Bryusov is the textual confirmation of the influence of Solovyov, noted by modern literary criticism.
Effect of deformation on gamow-teller strength and electron capture cross-section for chromium isotopes
Authors: Ullah Asim , Riaz Muahmmad , NABI Jameel-un , BÖYÜKATA Mahmut , ÇAKMAK Necla
Published: June 2020

In this work, we explore the role of deformation parameter (β) on the calculated Gamow-Teller (GT) strength distributions and electron capture cross-sections (ECC) for 46,48,50Cr isotopes within the formalism of the proton neutron-quasi-particle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA). Three different β parameters were used in the present study. Two of them were calculated by using the interacting boson model (IBM) and the macroscopic-microscopic (Mac-mic) models. The third one is the experimental β values obtained by employing its relation with the experimental B(E2)↑ values. The GT strength distributions were widely dispersed among all the daughter states of the given isotopes. They were found to have an inverse relation with the β parameter i.e decreasing with increasing the β value. The ECC was computed as a function of the β parameter and the results suggest that the calculated ECC decreased with decreasing value of the β for the selected cases.
Radon concentration measurements in surface water samples from Van Lake, Turkey using CR-39 detectors
Authors: KAYAKÖKÜ Halime , DOGRU Mahmut
Published: June 2020

In this study, radon concentration was examined in surface water samples taken from Van Lake in spring and autumn. The samples were taken along the coastline from Tatvan, where the active fault line lies, until Erciş. Analyses were performed by using CR-39 solid nuclear track detectors and RadoSYS radon measurement system. Radon measurement parameters (CRn, Es, Em and ECRa) were calculated with the data obtained. The results obtained in the study were compared with the limit values given for radon in water and the results obtained in similar studies.
PECULARITIES OF EXPRESSING PERSUASIVENESS IN DEMOSTHENES’ PHILIPPICS
Authors: Lazer-Pankiv Olesia , Riabtsev Kostiantyn
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the study of peculiarities of persuasiveness expression in the Demosthenes’ speeches on the material of the first and second Philippics. The analysis of the text of these speeches made it possible to distinguish a number of linguistic and rhetorical means used by the author to increase the level of persuasiveness of the speeches. In particular, emphasis is placed on the Demosthenes’ usage of numerous particles and conjunctions (with different meanings: conditionality, amplification, negation and opposition), syntactic constructions (Genetivus absolutus, Accusativus / Nominativus cum infinitivo), emphatic usage of the personal pronoun in the first person. The rhetorical techniques by which the speaker convinces the audience are identified and commented upon: alternation of direct and impersonal appeals to the audience; paradox, hyperbole, metaphor, erothema, antithesis, rhetorical question, as well as syntactic and semantic pleonasm. Demosthenes combines different principles according to Aristotelian categories of logos (logical reasoning and sequences, calculations of costs), ethos (oaths to Zeus, gods; usage of one’s authority for persuasion; emphasis on service to the common good as the main principle) and pathos (pathetic, sometimes even angry appeals; appeal to strong emotions of listeners).
LINGUISTIC CONCEPTION AND LINGUISTIC THEORY IN DISCOURSE MEASUREMENT
Authors: Prosianyk Oksana
Published: June 2020

The article makes an attempt to distinguish between the concepts of scientific theory and scientific conception as functional components of scientific discourse. Both forms of scientific knowledge are interpreted as integral systems of scientific information based on logically reasoned or empirically proven data of rational nature. The fundamental difference between theory and conception is their functional and pragmatic orientation. The theory is understood as logically systematized scientific information of a substantive nature, and the conception is understood as methodologically organized scientific information of a philosophic and subjective character. The author suggests considering the conception as a hierarchically higher and more significant discursive level of organization of scientific knowledge, since the internal integrity and external compatibility of scientific theories completely depends on their discursive consistency within a single conception. The formation of the conception has expressive discursive character, since the conceptions arise in the scientific and philosophic interaction of views. In turn, the author considers the methodology and methodological bases, that make it consistent, to be the core of each scientific conception. The assessment of any linguistic theory should be based on clarifying the methodological essence of scientific conception within which this theory was created.
EVDE SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ BİRİMİNDEN ELDE EDİLEN YILLIK GELİR-GİDER, KAR-ZARAR İNCELENMESİ VE BİR MODEL ÖNERİSİ
Authors: Kurt Mehmet Emin , Ceylan Ali , Çemberlitaş İbrahim
Published: June 2020

2010 yılından bu yana 81 ilde sağlık bakanlığına bağlı 2. ve 3. basamak evde sağlık hizmetleri birimleri tarafından sunulan hizmetlerin elde edilen gelirleri noktasında mevcut hastane döner sermaye bütçelerine negatif ya da pozitif yönde olası etkileri, mevcut hastanelerin bu hizmetleri sunarken elde ettikleri gelir-gider ve kâr-zararları açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Sağlık sektörünün sunmuş oldukları hizmetler kâr-zarar açısından değerlendirilmemesi gereken hizmet türleri iken mevcut döner sermaye ek ödemlerinden çalışanlara yapılması gereken ödemelerin aksine farklı hizmet sunum birimlerinin giderlerine harcanmış olması çalışanlar için emek-kazanç dengesini bozmaktadır.
Bu durumun hastane döner sermayelerine negatif yönde etkisi ile mevcut evde sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumu noktasında iyileştirilmelerini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bütçe uygulama tebliği içerisinde evde sağlık hizmetleri 112 komuta merkezleri gibi riskli birimler statüsünde ele alınıp yeniden sunmuş oldukları hizmet ücret tarifeleri gözden geçirilmelidir. Çalışma bir kamu hastanesinin evde sağlık hizmetleri biriminin yıllık hizmet sunumunun gelir-gider dengesine göre kâr-zarar açısından durumunun incelenmesini içermektedir. Sonuç olarak talep edilen düzenleme ile evde sağlık hizmetleri birimlerinin yeniden dizaynı sayesinde hizmet daha çok hastaya ulaştırılabilir niteliğe kavuşacaktır. Yani yeniden fiyat tarifesi hastane döner sermaye üzerinde ki baskıyı azaltırken hastane yönetimleri tarafından birimin işleyişi daha geniş bir hasta kitlesine ulaştırılabilir organizasyona kavuşturulabilecek ayrıca sağlık personelinin elde edeceği döner sermaye ek ödeme dengesini bozmayacağı sonucuna götürecektir.
ANAOKULUNA DEVAM EDEN ÇOCUKLARIN ÖĞRENME MERKEZLERİNDE VE EVDE OYUN KURMA DAVRANIŞLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
Authors: Coşkun Yemliha , Önem Ahmet
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının, anaokullarındaki öğrenme merkezlerinde ve evde oyun kurma davranışlarını incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada, araştırma deseni olarak olgu bilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Kahramanmaraş’ta devlet okulundaki bir anasınıfında öğrenim görmekte olan 11 çocuk ve 8 ebeveyn oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada amaçlı örneklem türlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem türü tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmanın okul ortamındaki verileri, çocukların öğrenme merkezlerinde oyun kurma davranışlarının gözlemlenmesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Çocukların evde oyun kurma davranışlarına ilişkin bulgular ise ebeveynleriyle yapılan görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada çocukların öğrenme merkezlerinde bireysel ve ikili grup olarak oyun oynadıkları, oyunların üç ile on dört dakika arası sürdüğü, daha çok sanat konulu ve sanat merkezli materyalleri kullandıkları, akran uyumu gösterdikleri ve birbirleriyle olumlu iletişim kurdukları görülmüştür. Evde ise top oyunu oynamanın yanı sıra dramatik oyun konulu oyun tercih ettikleri ebeveynler tarafından belirtilmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DE DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLARIN BELİRLEYİCİLERİNİN ÇEKİM MODELİ İLE ANALİZİ
Authors: Degen Veysel , Buzdağlı Özge
Published: June 2020

Doğrudan yabancı yatırım, yurtiçinde yerleşik olan kuruluşların yabancı ülkelerde yeni bir üretim tesisi kurmak, mevcut bir tesisi satın almak ya da o tesise ortak olmak gibi yollarla yatırım yapması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte doğrudan yabancı yatırımların hacmi de artış göstermiş, dolayısıyla ülkelerin bu tür yatırımları çekmesinde etkili olan faktörlerin tespit edilmesi araştırmacılar açısından önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 2000-2017 yılları arasında gerçekleşen doğrudan yabancı yatırımların belirleyicilerini çekim modeli ile analiz etmektir. Çalışmada, 2000-2017 döneminde kesintisiz her yıl Türkiye’ye doğrudan yabancı yatırım yapan 26 ülke ele alınmıştır. Modelde Türkiye’ye gelen doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar bağımlı değişken olarak alınmış, bağımsız değişkenler olarak ise çekim modelinin temel değişkenleri (Türkiye ve kaynak ülkenin GSYH’leri, nüfusları ve iki ülkenin başkentleri arasındaki mesafeleri) ile Türkiye’nin yolsuzluk endeksine, ekonomik özgürlük endeksine, reel efektif döviz kuru endeksine, faiz oranına ve serbest ticaret anlaşmasına üyeliği temsil eden bir kukla değişkene yer verilmiştir. Panel veri analizi sonuçlarına göre kukla değişken haricindeki tüm değişkenlerin doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar üzerinde istatistiki açıdan anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
THE CODES OF BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE: A MEDIA CONTENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Gezikol Büşra , Onur Tuğba , Tunahan Hakan
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the reflections of China's One Belt One Road Project in US press from the date when the project was announced to 2019 through content analysis technique. For this purpose, the news in The New York Times, which is the oldest and leading newspaper in the field of economy in USA and has audiences who have liberal and at the left of the center political values, have been analyzed. Some of the codes and categories extracted have become prominent for all those years. These are; Maritime Silk Road, Pakistan, China and Kazakhstan codes under OBOR Member Countries category; Facilities Connectivity, Financial Integration, Policy Coordination and Industrial Cooperation codes under OBOR Project Priorities category and Italy and America codes under Other Countries category.
LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN PROSOSYAL DAVRANIŞ VE ÖĞRENCİ BAĞLILIĞI DÜZEYLERİ İLE OKUL İKLİMİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ (MALATYA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: Özdemir Tuncay Yavuz , Serttaş Özgül
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı lise öğrencilerinin okul iklimine ilişkin algılarının öğrenci bağlılığı ve prososyal davranış geliştirme arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın verileri Malatya il merkezinde öğrenimlerine devam eden lise öğrencilerinden elde edilmiştir. İlişkisel tarama modelinde yapılan bu araştırmanın evrenini, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Malatya il merkezindeki liselerde öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma farklı lise türlerinde eğitim gören 1321 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri Okul İklim Ölçeği (OİÖ), Öğrenci Bağlılığı Ölçeği (ÖBÖ) ve Olumlu Sosyal Davranışlar Ölçeği (OSDÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde yüzde, ortalama, varyans analizi, korelasyon analizi, çoklu regresyon analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, okul iklimi ölçeğinin alt boyutlarıyla; öğrenci bağlılığı ve prososyal davranış ölçeklerinin alt boyutları arasında pozitif anlamlı ilişkinin olduğu yalnız olumlu sosyal davranışların özgeci alt boyutuyla negatif yönde ilişkinin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda, okul ikliminin öğrencilerin bağlılığını ve olumlu sosyal davranış geliştirme eğilimini anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda, politika yapıcılara, uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara öneriler sunulmuştur.
Assessment of the weight and consistency of the interaction of specialists in the polyprofessional teams
Authors: Mitikhin Vyacheslav G. , Solokhina Tatyana A.
Published: June 2020

The aim of the work is a systematic analysis of the problem of the effectiveness of interaction between specialists of polyprofessional teams during psychosocial rehabilitation interventions. Formation of procedures and algorithms for processing the results of processing expert information to assess the weight and consistency of decisions based on the method of analysis of hierarchies.
The material for this work was a set of Russian and foreign scientific publications devoted to use and processing of the expert data presented in different scales: categorical, rank, scales of relations.
Methods of data analysis: rank methods, methods of system data analysis and, in particular, algorithms of the analytic hierarchy process.
Results. It is shown that the issues of interdisciplinary interactions of team members, and the procedures for assessing the weight and consistency of decisions made by team members, are naturally represented by the appropriate hierarchies, the analysis of which is carried out by means of the method of hierarchy analysis.
Summary. The fundamental difference between the estimates obtained by means of the hierarchy analysis method and the rank estimates is due to the fact that numerical estimates of the weight and consistency of decisions are formed, which depend on the qualification of employees, the patients condition and the characteristics of the environment.
Independent living skills and cognition in early-onset and late-onset of schizophrenia patients: a pilot study
Authors: Abdullina Ekaterina G. , Savina Mariya A. , Rupchev Georgij E. , Morozova Margarita A. , Pochueva Valeriya V. , Sheshenin Vladimir S.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To evaluate cognitive functions and independent living skills in patients with late-onset schizophrenia (LOS) compared to patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS).

Methods. The study included two clinical groups: 8 EOS patients (M=51.37.2; 7 males) and 8 LOS patients (M=67.89.9; 8 females), with comparable illness duration (22.69.1 and 19.911.9 respectively). Cognitive functions were assessed through the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). The Autonomy Assessment Scale (AS) was used to measure independent living skills. The MannWhitney U-test was applied to determine differences between groups.

Results. LOS group performed significantly better on Digit Sequencing Task, Verbal Fluency and Tower Test of the BACS. Composite score on AS was also significantly better in LOS group along with better scores on AS`s subscales assessing primarily social skills.

Conclusion. LOS patients have milder cognitive dysfunction along with better independent living and social skills compared to AOS patients.
Status of water-soluble vitamins and neurological disorders in dialysis patients
Authors: Khrulev Aleksej E. , Baykina Alina N. , Shiyanova Natal’ya A. , Sirotkina Anna Yu. , Salokhina Ol’ga Yu. , Grigorieva Vera N.
Published: June 2020

The deficit of vitamins in patients receiving the long-term hemodialysis is discussed in the modern literature. Vitamin deficiency in a dialysis patient can be explained by the peculiarity of the diet recommendations, the need to take a number of medications, impaired absorption of vitamins in the digestive tract, poor appetite, uremic anorexia, depression, limited ability to buy and cook food, as well as losses of vitamins during the procedure of program hemodialysis. An analytical review of current (2011 and later) publications containing a comprehensive analysis of data on the status of water-soluble vitamins and its role in the development of neurological disorders in dialysis patients is provided. There is a high risk of deficiency of various water soluble vitamins and neurological disorders, such as vitamin B1 deficiency and thiamine deficiency encephalopathy and polyneuropathy, vitamin B6 deficiency and pyridoxine deficiency polyneuropathy, folic acid metabolism disorders, as well as vitamin B12 and the development of hyperhomocysteinemia, cognitive and depressive disorders, strokes, restless legs syndrome and dialysis polyneuropathy among the patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease and program hemodialysis. Vitamin C deficiency and the development of severe asthenic syndrome with insomnia and depression are described in dialysis patients. It seems necessary to revise the traditional nutritional approaches to the dialysis patients based on the analysis of the literature. Special attention is paid to the possible addition of such water-soluble vitamins as B1, B6, B9, B12 and C. Timely diagnosis of vitamin deficiency conditions and neurological disorders in patients on program hemodialysis, the development of methods for their correction and their introduction into clinical practice would improve the life expectancy and quality of life of dialysis patients.
The burden attributable to substance use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Soshnikov Sergej S. , Starodubov Vladimir I. , Khaltourina Dar’ya A. , Vlassov Vasilij V. , Obuhova Ol’ga V. , Idrisov Bulat T.
Published: June 2020

Aim. Assessment of the health consequences of substance use in the form of lost years of healthy life in the world in comparison with Russia. An additional task was to determine the economic losses from alcohol, tobacco and drugs in the Russian Federation.

Methods. We used indicators of mortality, morbidity, prevalence, and years of life lost, taking into account the DALY disability from tobacco, alcohol, opiates, cannabis, and other drugs (ICD10: I42.6, K70.03, Z72.0, F10-19). Indicators of harmful health effects from PS were presented from 1990 to 2017. Variables were standardized by age and sex. An economic assessment of the impact of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs denominated in rubles was applied.

Results. Total economic losses from psychoactive substances, expressed in rubles, amounted to from 887.4 billion to 8.5 trillion rubles in Russia in 2017. The greatest harmful effects on health from psychoactive substances in Russia and the world are caused by tobacco, with alcohol in the second place. The damage from smoking in Russia in years of lost life including disability DALY amounted to 8.6 million in 2017 Alcohol consumption and its consequences in Russia caused 1.85 million DALYs of harm to health, alcoholic cirrhosis and other liver diseases-643 thousand DALYs.

Conclusion. Alcohol and nicotine cause maximum harm to the health and economy of Russia, and in conditions of limited resources, the main efforts should be directed at preventing the consequences of alcoholism and tobacco smoking.
Rescue Work and Progress of Analog Seismograms in China
Authors: Chai Xuchao , Wang Qingliang , Mu Leiyu , Wang Honglei , Wang Wenqing , Zhu Feihong , Liu Wei
Published: June 2020

Rescue work involving scanning and digitization research on historical analog seismograms nationwide in China was launched in 2017. A series of results have been accomplished. There are more than 13 million analog seismic records existing in China, and about 3 million of them were scanned by December 2019. The Second Monitoring and Application Center of China Earthquake Administration completed the phased construction of the “China Analog Seismic Record Rescue Project” in 2019, which has received a great deal of funding support. Most of the analog seismograms and geophysical records in China will be scanned in the following decade, the corresponding stations and instrument parameters will be also collected during this project to provide retrieval and download service. This article first introduces the survey statistics about scanning and digitalization progress of analog seismic records in China. Second, a management and service system for the storage and query of large scale of seismograms has been established based on distributed database and search engine. Finally, future prospects of the rescue work of analog seismograms are mentioned.
Сombined Treatment of Juxtaand Parapapillary Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Saakyan S. V. , Amiryan А. G. , Valskiy V. V. , Tsygankov А. Iu.
Published: June 2020

Purpose. Estimation the local efficacy of the combined treatment — brachytherapy (BT) with laser coagulation (LC) in choroidal melanomas of juxta and parapapillary localization in the long-term follow-up. Patients and Methods. In 2009–2013, 50 patients with choroidal melanoma of juxta and parapapillary localization were examined and treated, 32 women and 18 men aged from 32 to 76 years old (average — 53.8 ± 9.6 years). The averaged tumor height was 3.8 ± 1.3 mm, basal diameter — 11.2 ± 2.4 mm. The combined organ-preserving treatment included a LC from the optic disc with subsequent BT was performed. The indications for this method were choroidal melanomas of juxta and parapapillary localization (the distance between the optic disc and the central border of the tumor was no more than 1.5 pd), with the absence of subretinal exudate and retinal detachment in this zone. The follow-up period after the combined treatment ranged from 18 to 102 months (Me = 60 months). Results. Complete tumor resorption was achieved in the majority — 38 (76.0 %) of cases, partial — in 11 (22.0 %) patients, stabilization of the process — only in one (2.0 %) patient, continued growth was not observed in any patient. The initial size of melanoma in patients with complete and partial tumor resorption showed similar averaged values, amounting to 3.8 ± 1.3 mm and 3.6 ± 1.1 mm (p > 0.05), respectively, basal diameter — 11.1 ± 2.4 mm and 11.4 ± 2.4 mm (p > 0.05), respectively. According to the duplex scanning, an increase in the distribution density of bloodflow in the projection of the tumor focus was noted compared with the initial data. In the spectral Doppler flow analysis study, an increase in the linear characteristics of the blood flow in the tumor’s own vessels after LC was recorded. Complications included optic neuropathy (88 %), hemorrhage (36 %) and secondary glaucoma (6 %). Conclusions. The combined treatment allowed to achieve high therapeutic results — 76.0 % of the total resorption of choroidal melanomas, which have unfavorable localization for BT. Given the main focus of local treatment of the choroidal melanoma on its destruction, this technique can be used to increase the effectiveness of the BT of choroidal melanomas of juxta and parapapillary localization.
Keratorefractive Surgery for Residual Refractive Error Correction in Pseudophakic Patients
Authors: Gurmizov Е. P. , Pershin К. B. , Pashinova N. F. , Tsygankov А. Iu.
Published: June 2020

Purpose. Evaluation of the visual and refractive results of additional correction using LASIK and PRK methods in patients with residual refractive error after previous cataract surgery.Patients and methods.The prospective open study included 57 patients (79 eyes) who previously underwent cataract phacoemulsification (n = 37) or refractive lensectomy (n = 42) with various IOL models implantation (2012–2017). The average age of patients was 50.8 ± 13.9 (19–79) years. Operations LASIK (91.1 %) and PRK (8.9 %) were carried out according to standard methods. In 6 cases, femtosecond laser supported by laser correction. The target refraction ranged from –0.25 to 0.25 D in most (97.5 %) cases. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 9 months.Results. The patients were divided into groups according to the type of residual refractive error (Group 1 — myopia, group II — emmetropia and group III — hyperopia). Statistically significant differences were determined for the species of previously implanted IOLs — in group II, the frequency of monofocal IOLs was significantly higher (p < 0.05). In group II, the values of the cylindrical component of refraction were significantly higher compared with groups I and III (p < 0.05). In group I, a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the spherical component of refraction from –1.36 ± 0.92 to –0.2 ± 0.8 D was observed. In patients of group II, there was a slight increase in the spherical component of refraction from 0 ± 0.20 to 0.25 ± 0.29 D (p > 0.05). In group III, a significant (p < 0.05) decrease was observed in the spherical component of refraction from 1.27 ± 0.69 to 0.43 ± 0.49 D. When analyzing the cylindrical component of refraction in group I, its decline was noted from –0.69 ± 0.5 to –0.38 ± 0.46 D (p > 0.05). In group II, the largest decrease in the cylindrical component was observed from –1.6 ± 1.0 to 0.03 ± 1.10 Dptr (p < 0.01). In all the studied groups, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in UCFVA was revealed in the postoperative period. Indicators K1 and K2 did not significantly change.Conclusion. The high efficiency of the correction using the LASIK, PRK and femtoLASIK methods on pseudophakic eyes with the achievement of the target refraction in most of the studied cases was shown. This method can be used as an alternative to spectacle and contact correction in patients with residual refractive error after cataract phacoemulsification and refractive lensectomy with IOL implantation.
Оcular Surface in Long Terms of Ortokeratology Lenses’s Use in Adolescents with Myopia
Authors: Borisov D. A. , Saidasheva E. I. , Dautova Z. A. , Fomina N. V. , Buynovskaya S. V.
Published: June 2020

The purpose: to study to evaluate the effect of ortokeratology lenses (OK-lenses) on the state of the ocular surface, depending on the duration of their wearing by adolescents with myopia. Patients and methods. Under control were 212 patients with myopia aged 12 to 16 years, who used OK-lenses “Paragon CRT100” (USA) for a long time (3–5 years). Examination, in addition to standard ophthalmological methods, included evaluation of complaints using the OSDI questionnaire/scale, Schirmer, Norn tests and biomicroscopy with staining of the cornea with fluorescein before and during wearing OK-lenses. Patients with keratopathy additionally underwent scanning confocal microscopy of the cornea using ConfoSkan-4 (Nidek, Japan); bacteriological examination of scraping from the cornea. Results. Clinical and functional signs of dry eye syndrome (SDE) in patients before and after prolonged use of OK therapy are not diagnosed. In 12 (5.6 %) teenagers with non-standard values of corneal curvature, signs of late epitheliopathy were revealed against the background of the absence of complaints. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the choice of antimicrobial eye drops in addition to keratoprotectors. The results of treatment in both subgroups were the same, but the use of fluoroquinolones was accompanied by an adverse development of SDE. Conclusion. In general, long-term OK therapy of myopia in adolescents is safe. The compulsory condition is an adequate prescription and observance of the wearing and lens care rules. It does not have a significant adverse effect on the clinical and functional state of the ocular surface, including the cornea. The frequency of late epitheliopathies with long-term (3–5 years) wearing OK lenses is 5.6 %, and the severity of the manifestation is characterized mainly by a mild degree. Patients with extreme corneal curvature are in a high-risk group for the development of late corneal complications during the use of OK therapy. If late epitheliopathies are detected while wearing OK lenses, it is necessary to cancel their use and to prevent the development of infectious keratitis, in addition to keratoprotectors, you can add the modern antimicrobial drug with antiseptic effect, for example, Vitabact, as the original, without a preservative, approved medicine for use in children. The use of fluoroquinolone drugs with virtually aseptic inflammation of the cornea is unjustified.
Diagnostic Possibilities of Standard Automatic and FunctionSpecific Perimetry (HFA, Octopus) in the Study of the Visual Field in Patients with Compression in the Chiasm-Sellar Region
Authors: Gavrilova N. A. , Ioyleva E. E. , Gadzhieva N. S. , Tishchenko O. E. , Kutrovskaya N. Yu. , Zinov’eva A. V.
Published: June 2020

The literature review presents the results of a static perimetry for the study of the visual field in patients with compression in the chiasm-sellar region on the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HFA) and Octopus. These models of perimeters are recognized as the “gold standard” and are most widely used in the global ophthalmic practice. The analysis of research results using traditional and function-specific perimetry with selective stimulation of the magnocellular and koniocellular (frequency-doubling technology perimetry, FDT; short-wavelength automated perimetry, SWAP) visual pathways was performed. The literature data analysis allows us to conclude that the static perimetry for the study of the visual field in patients with chiasmatic compression is carried out quite widely and is informative. But despite this, there are no generally accepted recommendations on the use of certain testing strategies and programs for the diagnosis and further dynamic observation of changes in the visual field in patients with this pathology. In this regard, it is advisable to conduct further studies that will allow the formation of standard perimetric protocols for diagnosing and monitoring visual field defects in patients with compression in the chiasm-sellar region based on a comparative analysis of the diagnostic informativity of various strategies and programs.