bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Microstructured Calcium Phosphate Ceramics Scaffolds by Material Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Approach
Authors: Dee Peifang , Tan Sharlene , Ferrand Hortense Le
Published: May 2022

Natural materials such as bone and enamel have intricate microstructures with inorganic minerals oriented to perform multiple mechanical and biological functions. Current additive manufacturing methods for biominerals from the calcium phosphate (CaP) family enable fabrication of custom-shaped bioactive scaffolds with controlled pore structures for patient-specific bone repair. Yet, these scaffolds do not feature intricate microstructures similar to those found in natural materials. In this work, we used direct material extrusion to 3D print water-based inks containing CaP microplatelets, and obtained microstructured scaffolds with various designs. To be shear-thinning and printable, the ink incorporated a concentration of 21 – 24 vol% CaP microplatelets of high aspect ratio. Good shape retention, print fidelity and overhanging layers were achieved by simultaneous printing and drying. Combined with the 3D design, versatile CaP microstructured objects can be built, from porous scaffolds to bulk parts. Extruded filaments featured a core-shell microstructure with graded microplatelet orientations, which was not affected by the printing parameters and the print design. A simple model is proposed to predict the core-shell microstructure according to the ink rheology. Given the remaining open porosity after calcination, microstructured scaffolds could be infiltrated with an organic phase in future to yield CaP biocomposites for hard tissue engineering.
Clinical study of feto-maternal outcomes in cases of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rathod Jalpa K. , Vohra Hafsa M. , Vasava Jagruti V.
Published: May 2022

Background: To study of prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the community, demographic parameters like age, gestational age at diagnosis, parity, complications related to gestational diabetes mellitus, and plan the management of gestational diabetes mellitus and to reduce the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Methods: In this prospective observational study we included 50 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus were studied for feto-maternal outcome. The study was conducted from October 2018 to October 2020 at department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, B. J. Medical college and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.Results: Total 50 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus were studied. It was observed that gestational diabetes mellitus were more common in elderly age group (60%), multigravida patients wer more commonly involved (48%). Past history of gestational diabetes melllitus was present in 42.2% of cases, 74% of cases required insulin for glycemic control,64% cases required delivery by caesarean section, maternal complications like preeclampsia (10 cases), polyhydramnios (22), uteroplacental insufficiency (4), macrosomia, sudden intrauterine death (3) and operative delivery were more common. 6 neonates developed respiratory distress syndrome, 10 developed hypoglycemia, and 13 neonates required NICU admission, 6 neonates underwent perinatal mortality.Conclusions: Gestational diabetes mellitus has become a global public health burden. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for both mother and infant worldwide. Early detection of gestational diabetes mellitus, timely referral, frequent antenatal visits, management of the identified cases at tertiary centres can lead to decreased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
The association of serum progesterone on day of hCG trigger and IVF outcome
Authors: Garg Parul
Published: May 2022

Background: A large number of clinical studies have examined the effect of rise in serum progesterone levels on the day of hCG administration in GnRH agonist and antagonist cycle, on pregnancy rates. The mechanisms of this rise in progesterone levels on day of hCG trigger are controversial and also the results of these studies are variable.Methods: This prospectively observational cohort study was conducted from November 2020 to November 2021 at Sarvodaya IVF centre, Delhi. 279 patients completed an IVF/ICSI-ET cycle during the study period and were included in the final analysis. The standard GnRH antagonist (fixed or variable) and long GnRH agonist COS protocols were used. Participants undergoing COS with all gonadotropins were recruited. The study population was subgrouped into two groups according to P4 level on day of hCG trigger (calculated according to ROC curve): Group A (p≤1.5 ng/dl, n=140/279, 50.17%) and Group B (p>1.5 ng/dl, n=139/279,49.82%).Results: The dose of Gonadotropins required, terminal estradiol levels and number of oocytes retrieved were significantly required higher in group B as compared to group A. The percentage of subjects with progesterone rise on the day of hCG trigger were significantly more in agonist protocol (56.1%) as compared to antagonist protocol(43.9%, p<0.001). Pregnancy rate was significantly higher in group A (41.4%,58/114) when compared with group B (29.5%,41/139). The clinical pregnancy rate was also significantly more in group A (50/140,35.7%) as compared to group B (34/139,24.5%) (p=0.041).Conclusions: Patients with higher levels of Progesterone (>1.5 ng/ml) on day of hCG trigger is associated with lower pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rates.
Clinical significance of umbilical cord abnormalities: an observational study
Authors: Thangappah Radha B. P. , Karnal C. Suhashini , Ravichandran Monika R. , Sowparnika Alagu Sakthi , Sundaravadivelu Pavithra
Published: May 2022

Background: The well being of a foetus depends on the uncompromised placental function and normal blood flow through the umbilical vessels. If there are umbilical cord abnormalities, it can lead to perinatal complications. The aim of the study was to analyse the prevalence of umbilical cord abnormalities and to study the relationship between the cord abnormalities and intrapartum complications.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Chennai, from September 2020 to August 2021. Four hundred mothers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. At the time of delivery, umbilical cord , intrapartum and neonatal details were noted. The association between the cord length and parameters such as nuchal coiling, FHR changes, mode of delivery, APGAR at birth and NICU admissions were analysed and the statistical significance was derived.Results: The mean cord length was 57.44±20.11 cms. 65% had normal cord length, 15% had short cords and 20% of babies had long cords. Nuchal coiling was seen in 31.75%, cord prolapse in 0.75% and true knot in 1% of cases. Cases with long cords were associated with statistically significant increase in the incidence of nuchal cords, multiple cords, FHR abnormalities, operative interventions and birth asphyxia. The presence of short cord was not associated with significant adverse maternal and perinatal outcome.Conclusions: This study showed that 35% of all deliveries were complicated by abnormal cord length and other cord complications. It is important to document these findings in the event of antenatal or intrapartum complications.
Case report of ruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Jayson Jacqueline Anna , Mandrelle Kavita , Chander Ashima , Issacs Roma
Published: May 2022

Ectopic pregnancy occurs very rarely with an incidence of 1.5% to 2% in all pregnancies and more commonly, in young highly fertile multiparous women using intrauterine device. Here, we presented a case of young multiparous lady who presented with irregular bleeding since the last 2 months. Ultrasound was done which showed a large right sided ovarian mass with free fluid in the abdomen. She was taken up for exploratory laparotomy followed by right oophorectomy after a verbal and written consent in view of ruptured corpus luteal cyst/ruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy. Intraoperatively, a large right ruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy was seen, which was also confirmed on histopathological examination.
A rare life-threatening rectus sheath haematoma in post lower segment cesarean section patient: a case report
Authors: Chavan Niranjan , Kampoowale Shreya , Ammara Umme , Sakhalkar Ashwini , Kapote Deepali
Published: May 2022

Rectus sheath hematoma is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication following any major abdominal surgery. The nonspecific nature and lower incidence of this disorder may cause a delay in the diagnosis, and can often be misdiagnosed as a cause of acute abdomen. A rectus sheath hematoma consists of blood accumulating between the rectus abdominis muscle and the rectus sheath. It is most frequently due to a hemorrhage from the superior or inferior epigastric artery or any non-specific bleeder or a direct tear in the muscle itself. It has many specific risk factors such as local trauma, coagulopathies, anticoagulant use, severe coughing, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease. In this case, the patient presented with rectus sheath hematoma following cesarean section on the 10th post-operative day. She presented with a history of fall followed by lower abdominal pain. Clinical suspicion and ultrasonography were used to confirm the diagnosis and the patient was managed with exploration and hematoma drainage. Its early diagnosis and management helped to prevent hazardous complications.
Menstruating umbilicus: secondary subcutaneous umbilical endometriosis: a rare case report
Authors: Hasabe Rakesh A. , Tripathi Neha S. , Kesarkodi Prajakta
Published: May 2022

This paper described a rare case of secondary umbilical endometriosis in a young nulliparous female and its effective diagnosis and treatment. A 29-year-old unmarried female presented with complaints of bleeding during menses from an umbilical nodule that had developed at the port insertion site of a previous diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy. Ultrasound and Doppler examinations confirmed the presence of a hypoechoic mass in the umbilicus with no associated blood vessels. Deep surgical excision of the nodule with a rim of macroscopic normal skin of 0.5 cm all around was performed under local anesthesia and the umbilicus was reconstructed. This case reinforced the concept that umbilical endometriosis should be considered in the list of differential diagnoses of umbilical disorders, even in young nulliparous women with no typical symptoms of pelvic endometriosis. Additionally, it emphasized the importance of early diagnosis of UE in order to avoid extensive abdominal wall surgery.
Clinical outcomes of patients undergoing Desarda versus Lichtenstein mesh for inguinal hernia repair: our experience in Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex, Nowshera Pakistan
Authors: Khan Kamran H. , Khan Waseem Y. , Khan Zahid , Ghani Fazal , Shah Syed S. A.
Published: May 2022

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the outcome of Desarda versus Lichtenstein mesh for surgical repair of inguinal hernia.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done at Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex, Nowshera from 01 February 2019 to 30 December 2020 with total duration 1 year and 10 months. Study included patients admitted in hospital for inguinal hernia repair. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of patients in whom Lichtenstein mesh repair was done while group 2 with patients having Desarda non-mesh repair done. Total time of surgery was noted. Patients were assessed for pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) after 72 hours and for seroma and infection within seven days. Recurrence and resumption of normal gait was assessed after 6 months. Data was analyzed with statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 21.Results: Total of 100 male patients were included in the study. About 45 patients were included in group 1 and 55 in group 2. Mean age of the patients was 53±10.55 years in Lichtenstein group and 50±08.11 years in Desarda group. The mean duration of surgery was 47.57±4.95 min with Lichtenstein while 37.96±4.76 min with Desarda. The mean pain score was 2.5±1.0 after 72 hours with Lichtenstein while 1.72±0.20 with Desarda (p<0.05). Seroma was developed in 4 (8.8%) patients, infection in 5 (11.11%) patients and recurrence occurred in 1 (2.2%) patient in group 1 (Lichtenstein) while no patient developed infection in group 2 (Desarda). The rate of normal gait observed in 6 months post operative was in 25 (55.5%) patients with Lichtenstein repair while in group 2, 30 (54.54%) patents resumed normal gate respectively (p>0.05).Conclusions: Both methods for repair are acceptable but the Desarda has less complications and operative time as compared to Lichtenstein repair.
Surgical management and postoperative outcome of patients with gastric pathologies in three hospitals in the city of Douala
Authors: Engbang Jean Paul , Essola Basile , Ateba Marcel Ralph , Chasim Christian Beugheum , Massom Gertrude Annie , Ngowe Marcelin Ngowe
Published: May 2022

Background: To bring out the different surgical approach and to appreciate the post-surgery outcome of patients with gastric pathologies in three Douala’s hospitals.Methods: This retrospective and analytic study has been carryout from January 1st 2010 to November 31st 2019 in three healthcare centers in Douala. Patients’ records who had presented a surgical gastric pathology were included in our study and patients with incomplete filled records were excluded. Statistical analysis was been realized by means of the SPSS 23.0.Results: We selected 158 files of gastric perforation (85.4%), 17 of gastric stenosis (9.2%), and 10 of gastric cancers (5.4%). The mean age of occurrence of gastric perforation in our sample was 42.11±16.5 years and for stenosis was 43.65±23.3 years with a male predominance for these two pathologies. For the cancerous patients the mean age was 54.70±7.5 years with a sex ratio of 1. Simple suture was the most used surgical technique in perforation, pyloromyotomy was done in gastric stenosis. Total gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy were the most practiced in cancer cases. The death rate varied from 15.8% with perforation to 40% with cancer. The associated factors to complications were age (p=0.002) and duration of hospitalization (p=0,004) in gastric perforation.Conclusions: Gastric perforation was the most frequent pathology affecting mostly traders. The surgical approach was thus pathology dependent.
Study of etiopathogenesis and various surgical techniques used in incisional hernia
Authors: Ray Mausam , Mohapatra Minati , Panda Srikant , Sarangi Ashok K. , Babu K. Kiran , Sarangi Anshuman
Published: May 2022

Background: Incisional hernia is the only abdominal hernia that is iatrogenic. For many years, the repair of incisional hernia was associated with a high recurrence rate. Laparoscopic technique of hernia repair has revolutionized the treatment of incisional hernia repair by reducing the morbidity and less hospital stay to the patient. With the above background we performed a study to analyse various etiological factors, study the age and sex incidence, time of occurrence of incisional hernia following various abdominal incision and to compare various surgical modalities based on size of incisional hernia.Methods: Patients admitted with incisional hernia during October 2017 to September 2019 at S. C. B. Medical College and hospital are taken up for study with the help of relevant history, clinical examination and appropriate investigations.Results: The mean age of the patients in open group is 45.66 years and 44.3 years in laparoscopy group. Out of the 51 patients in open group 13 (25.5%) are male while 38 (74.5%) are females where as in laparoscopy group, out of the 31 patients 10 (32.3) are males while 21 (67.7) are females. Out of 82 patients, maximum number of patients presented with swelling 60 (73.3%) followed by swelling and pain 19 (33.3%). The overall complication rate in open group was 45.09%, while in laparoscopy group it is 19.4%.Conclusions: The main etiological factors identified for the occurrence of incisional hernia were wound related complications, faulty techniques, comorbid conditions. Hence the incidence of the incisional hernia can be decreased by preventing these factors.
A prospective study evaluating utility of Mannheim peritonitis index in predicting the outcome of peritonitis following hollow viscus perforation
Authors: Rongpi Ranjib , G. Ganesan , Bhattacharjee Nilutpal , Deuri Sadagar , Baro Atul C.
Published: May 2022

Background: Gastrointestinal perforations account for about 25% of acute abdominal emergencies. Despite advancements in diagnosis, management and critical care of patients due to hollow viscus perforation, the prognosis remains worrisome as the overall mortality rate due to perforation peritonitis is 6 to 27%. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of Mannheim peritonitis index scoring system in patients with perforation peritonitis, to assess it as a clinical tool in stratifying these patients according to individual surgical risk.Methods: A prospective study of 58 patients with peritonitis due to non-traumatic hollow viscus perforation who presented to the department of general surgery, Jorhat medical college hospital, Jorhat from June 2020 to May 2021. The structured scoring system of MPI was applied along with other clinical and biochemical parameters recorded in pre-structured proforma. The study patients were divided into three groups according to MPI score. Group 1: MPI score less than 21, group 2 MPI score in between 21-29, and group 3 MPI score more than 29. Data was analysed for predicting the outcome by using IBM statistics SPSS software 21.0 version.Results: MPI scores of <21, 21-29, and >29 had a morbidity of 27.6%, 51.7% and 20.7% respectively. No mortality in patients with MPI less than 21; whereas those patients with MPI score more than 29 had the highest mortality rate of 60%. Patient with MPI score 21 to 29 had mortality rate of 40%. The number of post-operative complications, duration of ICU and hospital stay proportionately increased with the MPI score.Conclusions: MPI is an independent, disease specific, easier to calculate with very minimum basic investigations, simple and effective objective scoring system in predicting the morbidity and mortality.
Correlation of post-operative albumin level to the clinical outcome in patients undergoing abdominal (intra-peritoneal) surgery
Authors: P. J. Sriram Prabhu , Patankar Shilpa
Published: May 2022

Background: Surgical interventions have become part and parcel of an individual’s life. The average number of surgeries that a person undergoes in their lifetime is 9.2 (3.4 inpatient operations, 2.6 outpatient operations, and 3.2 non-operating room invasive procedures). So it is important to make sure that the patient undergoes surgery smoothly and gets out of hospital well at early days. There are many factors that help to predict the outcome post surgeries, in this study we have used albumin (pre and post op) and its difference for predicting the clinical outcome.Methods: 80 patients who are undergoing abdominal (intra-peritoneal) surgeries from October 2019 to December 2020 was studied. Serum albumin was estimated by Randox albumin assay method. Serum albumin level was obtained pre-operatively, post-op after 6 hours and on POD-1 and their difference is found and compared with clinical outcome using Clavien-Dindo classification.Results: It was observed that 81.5% (22 out of 27) of patients with albumin drop more than 10% by 6 hours post operatively are likely to develop complications of surgery. It was observed that 89% (16 out of 18) of patients with albumin drop more than 15% by POD1 are likely to develop complications of surgery.Conclusions: In our study raised serum albumin drop post-operatively was associated with complications and so it can be concluded that serum albumin may be used as a marker for predicting the clinical outcome of the patients undergoing surgery.
A comparative study on tricuspid valve repair using De Vega's annuloplasty technique and modified De Vega's technique using polytetrafluoroethylene band
Authors: Palanisamy Anbukumar , Bose Karthikeyan , Rani P. , Vijayan T. Muthu , Baylis Marwin Manoa
Published: May 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of tricuspid valve repair (TVR) with repair techniques for functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR), DeVega's technique and modified DeVega's technique using Polytetrafluoroethylene band.Methods: A total of 37 patients who underwent TVR at Madurai Medical College from September 2019 to November 2021 formed into Group A, consisting of 16 patients who had DeVega's procedure done and Group B, consisting of 21 patients who had modified DeVega's procedure using Polytetrafluoroethylene band. In addition, in 80% of patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD), concurrent surgeries included mitral valve replacement (MVR) and double valve replacement (DVR) in 20% of patients. Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up data were also collected for analysis.Results: All 37 patients were examined and followed up after 3 months and 6 months. Group A De Vegas- 9 out of 16 patients (56%) had mild TR,4 out of 16 (25%) patients had moderate TR, and 3 out of 16 (19%) patients had severe TR. Group B Modified De Vegas- 16 out of 21 patients (76%) had mild TR, 4 out of 21 (19%) patients had moderate TR, and 2 out of 21 (5%) had severe TR.Conclusions: Tricuspid valve annuloplasty utilizing a modified De Vega's procedure with a polytetrafluoroethylene band was shown to be beneficial when patients were followed for three and six months, respectively.
Transient regression and fluctuation of bilateral adrenal masses: a rare presentation of primary adrenal lymphoma
Authors: Maliki Aminnur H. , Baghawi Anita
Published: May 2022

Primary adrenal lymphoma is a rare form of extra-nodal lymphoma which scarcely reported in the literature reviews. We describe such a case who presented with fluctuation in the sizes of bilateral adrenal masses. A 61-year-old lady who presented with a history of right flank discomfort with no other associated symptoms. Initial imaging showed bilateral adrenal masses. She was evaluated and excluded for possibilities of pheochromocytoma, cortical carcinoma and secondary tumour deposits. Interestingly, a consecutive of contrast-enhanced computed tomography images showed transient regression and fluctuation of bilateral adrenal masses, which making the diagnosis became more challenging. A confirmatory histological diagnosis was obtained via imaging-guided biopsy which revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Unfortunately, the patient was reluctant to receive chemotherapy and eventually lost to follow-up. Diagnosing a primary adrenal lymphoma can be challenging due to its rarity and requires high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis and treatment.
The mysterious chronic finger pain- glomus tumour: a case report
Authors: Kumar Rajranjan
Published: May 2022

Glomus tumours are very rare, small, painful benign hamartomas, arising from the arterial end of the glomus body. Glomus tumors account for 1-2% of the soft tissue tumors in the hand. The exact etiopathogenesis is unknown. It is incapacitating to the patients because of chronicity of symptoms and lack of proper investigative tools to diagnose the tumor at an early stage. The clinical diagnosis was made on the basis of medical history and MRI findings. We report a case of glomus tumor in a 35-year-old female, situated in the pulp of distal phalanx of right middle finger, which was resected completely. Excision of lesion imparted complete resolution of symptoms.  The histopathological report was consistence with glomus tumor.
A study of clinico-diagnostic profile and antibiogram in children with enteric fever in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Jain Bulbul , Mandot Sanjay , Patel Darshini
Published: May 2022

Background: Enteric fever remains a major concern in developing countries caused by Salmonella typhi. Recently, an upsurge in antimicrobial resistant strains has complicated the management. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical profile, compare typhidot test with blood culture and determine antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.Methods: Single centre descriptive study was conducted by enrolling children who presented with fever and who were either blood culture positive for S. typhi or typhidot positive. The clinico-laboratory data and antibiogram was studied.Results: Out of 76 cases, blood culture was positive in 35 (46%) cases. Typhidot test showed 92.11% positivity. Abdominal pain (78%), vomiting (68%), hepatomegaly (68%) and splenomegaly (43%) were most commonly observed. The sensitivity for classical drugs chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole was 88.57%, 74.28% and 77.14%. High susceptibility to ceftriaxone (97.14%) and high resistance to ciprofloxacin (55.14%) was observed.Conclusions: Prompt diagnosis of enteric fever is essential for appropriate management therefore, important to have conventional tests like typhidot test. There is re-emergence of sensitivity to the classical drugs. Ceftriaxone as monotherapy is quite effective. Effective vaccination strategy and hygienic practices can decrease the burden of this disease.
A case of short, medium and very-long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorder in a term infant
Authors: John Jennifer Britto , Kandasamy Vijayalakshmi , Shankar Preethi , Chellaiyan Devanbu Vinoth Gnana
Published: May 2022

A case of a 2nd born baby to healthy parents with second-degree consanguinity. A term female baby, with APGAR 1 minute and 5 minute-8/10 and 9/10 respectively, developed neonatal jaundice on day 2. On day 4, the baby started to refuse breast milk and was lethargic with poor tone and a weak cry. The baby had hypoglycemia, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and diagnosed to have fatty acid oxidation disorder by tandem mass spectrometry, which was later confirmed by genetic testing.
Rare presentation of mucopolysaccharidosis with neuro-leptospirosis
Authors: M. Thulasi , P. M. Suresh , Pon Jeba Merceline Alice , Samuel Steeve Gnana
Published: May 2022

In this case report, we present a 10-year-old boy who was a known case of Hunters disease who presented with complaints of fever, vomiting, altered sensorium for 2 days. On examination he was febrile and had moderate hepatosplenomegaly. Lab investigation showed anaemia with thrombocytopenia and fever workup turned positive for leptospirosis. In view of altered sensorium, MRI brain was done which revealed a large subdural hematoma with midline shift which required parietal craniectomy with evacuation. From this case study, we reported that in a patient with underlying lysosomal storage disorder, vasculitis secondary to endothelial damage by leptospirosis along with thrombocytopenia can cause severe intracranial bleeding even with higher platelet counts.
Safety and quality protection of cochlear implantation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Singh Jyoti , Jha Shruti , Kumar Alekh , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: May 2022

Background: With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an urgent need to formulate guidelines for safety during aerosol-generating surgeries like cochlear implantation. Although elective, these procedures are crucial to prelingually deaf children so they can develop speech and language skills. Our study is based on guidelines we formulated for cochlear implantation during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the need for utilizing reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), isolation, and proper protective equipment that is safe yet practical.

Methods: This study was carried out between February 2020 and December 2021. Forty-nine cochlear implantations were carried out at our center following our guidelines during three safe windows when the R factor was <1. All patients underwent serial RT-PCR testing, proper isolation, and were operated on by surgeons who used effective and practical protective equipment.

Results: None of the 49 patients who underwent cochlear implant surgery or the health care workers involved in their care developed clinical features or tested positive for COVID-19 postoperatively. There were also no cases of readmission for COVID-19 after the patients’ discharge from the hospital.

Conclusions: Cochlear implantation is an essential procedure that can be safely carried out during a pandemic if guidelines are followed ardently and personal protective equipment is used effectively.
Influência do tipo de revestimento na avaliação de Umidade Ascensional com Termografia de Infravermelho
Authors: De la Fe Elier Pavon , Oliveira Wesley , Zanguini Priscila , Moreira Luane
Published: May 2022

A umidade é uma das principais causas das patologias nas edificações. Nas paredes, são frequentes os problemas relacionados com a presença de umidade ascensional. Esta patologia pode ser detectada pelas diferenças de temperaturas entre áreas com maior e menor concentração de umidade. A termografia de infravermelho é uma técnica não destrutiva que vem sendo utilizada na análise deste problema. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a influência do tipo de revestimento utilizado nas paredes de alvenaria na avaliação da umidade ascensional com a termografia de infravermelho. Para tal fim foram construídos protótipos de paredes de alvenaria com presença de água na base simulando os problemas de umidade ascensional, sendo os mesmos revestidos com argamassa (com e sem aplicação de pintura) e com placas cerâmicas (grês e porcelanato). A umidade ascensional nos protótipos de alvenaria foi avaliada através da termografia infravermelha passiva. Os resultados mostraram que nos quatro tipos de revestimento é possível detectar a umidade ascensional com a termografia, obtendo-se os maiores valores do Delta-T durante a incidência direta do sol. Comprovou-se que nos revestimentos argamassados é possível determinar com maior facilidade a altura da umidade ascensional.
Estrategias público-privadas para el establecimiento de un ciclo de exportación de aguacate exitoso: casos de Colombia y Perú
Authors: Pérez Luis F. , Gómez Miguel I. ,   IDB Invest
Published: May 2022

El mercado internacional del aguacate ha cuadruplicado su valor en la última década. Consumidores en el norte global, desde EEUU y Europa hasta China y Japón han virado hacia la fruta latinoamericana como nueva bandera de consumo sano. A su vez la oferta global, liderada por México y Perú, ha visto la llegada de nuevos jugadores entre los cuales se puede resaltar a Colombia. Con una mezcla afortunada de clima y geografía que le permite producir dos veces al año, Colombia ha visto tanto su superficie como su producción multiplicarse, y aún no se vislumbra un límite a este proceso. Este estudio se enfoca en entender a mayor profundidad la cadena de suministro de aguacate de Colombia (y un poco de Perú), desde los pequeños y medianos productores, a los exportadores verticalmente integrados y las empresas de procesados y servicios complementarios. El documento está enfocado en identificar los elementos clave de la estrategia de crecimiento y desarrollo de las empresas, los retos a los que se enfrentan, y el rol de las instituciones públicas y privadas que acompañan estos esfuerzos. A partir de la información recolectada, identificamos algunos hallazgos. Primero, el impacto económico y social del aguacate puede replicar lo logrado con el café durante el siglo XX. Segundo, hay dos estrategias claras para lograr llegar a mercados internacionales: la integración vertical, y la asociatividad. Ambas estrategias tienen costos y riesgos asociados. Para ambas, el complemente de la industria de los procesados es necesario. Tercero, uno de los mayores retos a lo largo de la cadena de valor es actualizar los sistemas productivos para que reflejen una mayor integración con el medio ambiente. Cuarto, las políticas del gobierno han derivado en mayor presencia de grandes capitales en el mercado, pero los pequeños jugadores reclaman mayor atención y recursos. Igualmente, el rol de apertura de mercados de las instituciones sanitarias y comerciales colombianas ha sido clave, si bien hay puntos por trabajar alrededor de calidad y apoyo financiero.
Nueva imposición internacional sobre sociedades: desafíos, alternativas y recomendaciones para América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Barreix Alberto Daniel , Bès Martín , González Ubaldo , Pineda Emilio , Riccardi Andrea
Published: May 2022

A finales de 2021, 137 países llegaron a un acuerdo para reformar aspectos internacionales del impuesto a la renta de sociedades (IS) y prevenir la erosión de la base imponible que permite la normativa vigente. Se prevé que el nuevo régimen jurídico entre en vigor en 2023 para las jurisdicciones que decidan adherirse. La reforma tiene dos pilares. El Pilar 1 introduce un mecanismo de reparto de una parte de las utilidades generadas por las 100 “mega” empresas multinacionales (EMN) más rentables, de suerte que contribuyan al fisco de los países donde exista una masa crítica de usuarios o clientes, aunque tengan allí nula o escasa presencia física. El Pilar 2 implementa un IS mínimo para unas 8.000 EMN grandes, que representan el 90% de la base imponible de las EMN, para que las utilidades contables de dichas multinacionales estén sujetas a una imposición mínima del 15%. El documento presenta la evolución de la tributación internacional a la renta empresarial desde sus orígenes en el siglo pasado y describe las medidas propuestas, además de presentar ejemplos de aplicación. Adicionalmente, se examinan las principales innovaciones y desafíos, y se resumen los impactos recaudatorios preliminares disponibles a la fecha. Finalmente, se recomiendan medidas de política tributaria para fortalecer la propuesta, así como instrumentos de administración para facilitar su implementación efectiva.
Administração pública e meio ambiente: entre consensualidade e direito indisponível
Authors: Freitas Vladimir De Passos , Saikali Lucas Bossoni
Published: May 2022

No presente artigo, analisa-se a atuação do Poder Público consensual e mediador dentro da esfera do Direito ambiental. A intenção do estudo é analisar a função da Administração consensual contemporânea como forma de superação da sua atuação verticalizada e se é possível a realização de acordos administrativos quando o bem jurídico tutelado envolve o meio ambiente. Inicialmente, o artigo trata da proteção ao meio ambiente presente na Constituição de 1988, bem como ao seu status de direito fundamental, o que incumbe ao Estado dever de preservá-lo. Ademais, estuda-se a Administração Pública através de duas lógicas: a da aplicação verticalizada de sanções administrativas e a da consensualidade, na medida em que esta é tendência da atuação estatal. Após, realiza-se uma análise sobre a possibilidade de realização de acordos administrativos na seara ambiental, uma vez que este bem jurídico é tido como indisponível. Utiliza-se da metodologia dedutiva, a partir da leitura de livros e artigos jurídicos sobre a temática estudada. Ao final, conclui-se que a indisponibilidade do bem jurídico ambiental não pode ser considerada empecilho para a celebração de acordos administrativos em matéria ambiental, desde que a sua reparação e recomposição atinjam resultados efetivos que compactuem com o interesse público tutelado.
An Application of Multi-Frequency Alternating Current Source for VES on Soil Resistivity Measurement and Investigation
Authors: Hakaew Pratimakorn , Panmuang Piyapat , Prabpal Prakasit , Photong Chonlatee
Published: May 2022

This paper is present an application of multi-frequency alternating current source that can be adjust the frequency from 1 Hz to 1 kHz for vertical electrical sounding (VES) on soil resistivity investigations. Researchers have used the four-point electrodes array method for resistivity method in laboratory and field trial of soil resistivity measurements. The result in laboratory found that in each frequency of current source has significate influence on the homogeneous soil resistivity. It was shown that the implemented equipment can be used to measure the soil resistivity as required. In field trial the soil resistivity was investigated by the implemented equipment feeding the rectangular wave current through two current electrodes on the subsurface soil which embedded in the non-homogeneous soil in the field work. The current source can be scaled and frequency adjusted at 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 200 Hz, 500 Hz and 1 kHz, respectively. The subsurface field have repeated tests 30 times in each frequency by compared with standard resistivity measurement equipment. The result found that the non-homogeneous apparent soil resistivity can be investigated and at the frequency of 100 Hz is close to the standard tool.
The Role of Bishop of Przemyśl Ignacy Tokarczuk in the Rise and Development of the Anti-Communist Opposition in Poland
Authors: Jedynak Witold
Published: May 2022

This article presents the social activity of Ignacy Tokarczuk, the bishop of Przemyśl, influencing the emergence and development of the anti-communist opposition. In 2006, the hierarch was awarded the highest state decoration—the Order of the White Eagle—by the President of Poland for his work for democratization of social life and protection of human rights. The study aims to determine the bishop’s role in the process of organizing and supporting opposition structures, especially in south-eastern Poland. It relies on the analysis of interviews, memories and scientific studies. Analysing interviews with members of the anti-communist opposition and clergy was of particular importance in the research process, which made it possible to describe and explain the bishop’s attitude and behavior towards the anti-communist movement. It was stated that Tokarczuk’s involvement in the activities of the anti-communist opposition appeared to be extremely important for the functioning of independent structures in the Subcarpathian Region, especially during the period of martial law in Poland.
Use of dissected paraffin block tissue as a source of mRNA for transcriptional profiling and biomarker identification: a review, with preliminary findings in adrenocortical carcinoma tissue
Authors: Waszut Urszula , Taylor Norman  F.
Published: May 2022

Cancer tissue obtained by biopsy or at surgery is usually handled and stored as formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks. While primarily prepared for histological examination, this material represents a valuable resource that is stable and transportable, and which is ideal for examination in 3 dimensions. It has been used for DNA and protein analysis but the potential for transcriptional profiling has been little exploited: the quality of the extracted RNA is uncertain and there are few reports of its efficient use. We review the background and practicalities of this approach and describe a pilot study as a worked example in which RNA of good yield and quality could be consistently obtained from differentiated areas of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) tissue.
Deactivation of hydrotreating catalysts (A review)
Authors: Budukva S. V. , Uvarkina D. D. , Klimov O. V. , Noskov A. S.
Published: May 2022

The results of studies on deactivation of hydrotreating catalysts reported in scientific and technical literature are considered and systematized in the review. The effect exerted by the feedstock composition and hydrotreatment conditions on the catalyst coking is revealed. The factorsleading to changes in the morphology of active component and the possibilities to weaken this type of catalyst deactivation during commercial operation are considered. The effect of a pressure drop over the catalyst bed on the run time as well as the action of catalytic poisons and the ways of their penetration into hydrotreatment distillates are shown. This review can be interesting and useful to chemical engineers involved in the study of catalytic systems and to oil industry specialists.
Cognitive Strategy: Phenomenology
Authors:   Saratov State University, Panteleev A. F.
Published: May 2022

To characterize psychological processes occurred while understanding and remembering a text, the conception of empirical logic as it is understood by N. A. Vasiliev can be applied. The analysis of the metacognition procedure, conducted using the models of the training texts, has shown that certain phenomenological manifestations are characteristic for expansion and deepening as the main cognitive strategies. It has been revealed that the possibility of the realization of the expansion strategies depend on the functional state of the subject, on the presence or absence of the mental and speech pathologies, on the age and individual peculiarities and on the influence of the social environment. While conducting the chronometric experiment, it has been stated that the realization of the expansion strategy demands certain time costs.
Formation of the National Culture-Educational Space: the Problem of the Inheritance of the Soviet Experience
Authors:   Kharkov Institute of Finance, Mukhina I. G.
Published: May 2022

In this article the analysis of the destination key point of the modern education is described and also the series of problems that take place in the national system of education and culture is disclosed. We pay attention to the role of the religion in the spiritual life of the society and we develop the problem of the ideological and spiritual content of the modern education. It is the formation of the national culture-educational space which is impossible without the rethinking of the positive and negative soviet experience that is underlined. We also pay attention to the axiological approach to the formation of the modern educational system. The question of search strategies educational process and the modernization of native education are analyzed.
The Historical Aspect of Studying Innovative Pedagogical Activity
Authors:   Kindergarten «Zyornyshko», Rodkina Ye. V.
Published: May 2022

The paper gives an analysis of the historical and pedagogical aspect of studying innovational pedagogical activities which allows us to make the following conclusions: innovativeness has always been characteristic of educational work, determined the processes of its renovation, improvement and development as evidenced by the history of the formation of pedagogical ideas. The most radical innovative processes in pedagogical theory and practice were developing at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century when the progress in various spheres of humanology sharpened an interest in a forming personality. The most intensive are innovative processes in pedagogical theory and practice in the recent years. Innovations in education and teaching are closely connected with the changes in society and conditioned by them. The changes in teaching and upbringing firstly manifest themselves in aims and tasks of education beginning, as a rule, in extra-educational activity then gradually going on in a general educational school and after that in professional and higher schools.
Dyad «Identity – alienation» in Marx syntagm: Past and Present
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Krasnov A. S.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with current problems of understanding the phenomenon of identity in a dialectical relationship with the phenomenon of alienation in the Western philosophical tradition. Special attention is devoted to the articulation of identity and alienation in a single dyad by Marx. In the context of Marxist ideas, an attempt is made to reveal the content of the «identity–alienation» dyad in relation to the human being in a modern capitalist society. It seems? That in the realities of modern capitalism the process of see-alienation does not pass or anyone. Alienation and loss of identity are equally subject to the proletariat and bourgeoisie. It is noted, that modern capitalism produces a new form of identity – the «negative identity».
Idea of «The Other» in riskogenic society
Authors:   Saratov State University, Alebastrova A. A.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to consideration of a problem of «The Other» in refraction of a social and philosophical view of a place and a role of the person in the conditions of development of the techno-genic civilization creating conditions of transformation of human society in «risk society». The author, noting inevitability of consideration of «The Other», addresses to the analysis of modern philosophical concepts. Opening a problem of preservation of human identity in the conditions of increase of aggressive expansion of equipment, the author comes to a conclusion that only creation of model of «The Other», allowing to look at itself eyes of «The Other», is the only opportunity to keep in itself the person in the conditions of construction of the world of a postmodern for mankind.
Philosophy of O. F. Bollnow: it’s Social, Ethic and Existential Aspects
Authors:   Saratov State University, Lomako О. М.
Published: May 2022

The paper is devoted to the analysis of ethical and existential grounds of a man’s social being through the philosophy of O. F. Bollnow. Actually his philosophy can be considered as the positive existentialism and thus it focuses on positive perception of society and history in their human dimension. The basic concept of the philosophy of Bolnow is «humanity». What is meant is the struggling through sense of danger, fear and vulnerability in risky environment of the modern civilization. To overcome all mentioned, «new defence» should be created, being uncovered by the following notions: «motherland», «hope», «gratefulness», «and festival». Social «chronotope» comes into existence in the identity of social environment and social time in their human (ethical and existential) understanding.
Involvement of the Personality in Criminal Activity: to the Problem Statement
Authors:   Saratov State University, Romanova N. M.
Published: May 2022

Need of identification of social and psychological mechanisms of involvement of the personality locates in article in criminal activity in the conditions of anomichny Russian society; factors of expansion of areas of criminal self-realization of the personality in anomichny society are allocated; the main directions of psychological research of the identity of the criminal are described; ways of involvement in criminal activity (individual, group) are allocated; manifestations of modification of modern criminal subculture (a combination of criminal and individualistic values, formation of specific organizational culture, «interlacing» of lawful and criminal kinds of activity, an inclusiveness in society) are described; definitions of the concepts «involvement in criminal activity», «self-involvement in criminal activity» are presented; components of the social and psychological mechanism of involvement of the personality in criminal activity (genesis, process, result, factors and determinants) are opened.