bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atypical Presentation of Isolated Gastric Variceal Bleeding Requiring Multidisciplinary Management
Authors: Litzenberg Kevin , Mumtaz Khalid , Waidyaratne Gavisha , Anaizi Ahmad , Khayat Mamdouh , Tsung Allan , Franco Veronica
Published: June 2022

Variceal bleeding is the most lethal manifestation of portal hypertension, most commonly due to esophageal varices in the setting of liver cirrhosis. Isolated gastric varices (IGV) are a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, often of pancreatic origin. In this case we present a complex patient with a history of remote splenic injury leading to portopulmonary hypertension and the development of refractory bleeding due to IGV. We discuss the extensive multidisciplinary approach taken to provide comprehensive care and to control bleeding, which included endoscopic (sclerotherapy), radiologic (balloon-occluded antegrade transvenous obliteration [BATO] and splenic artery embolization) and surgical interventions (splenectomy).
Differences among Obese versus Nonobese Patients undergoing total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. A single Center Experience
Authors: Faur Flaviu Ionut
Published: June 2022

Aim of the study: The main aim of this study is to analyze the influence of obesity over the intraoperative and post-operative evolution, in the context of total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Material and Methods: The study developed in the II nd Surgical Clinic of the “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital Timișoara between 1st of January 2017 – 1st of January 2019 and it was applied to a general batch of 29 women patients diagnosed with benign pathology of the uterus and adnexa. Results: The general batch we considered necessary some type of categorization of the women patients based on the BMI: Group A: BMI = 19.5-24,9kg/m2; Group B: BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2; Group C: BMI> 30kg/m2. A positive moderated co-relation between the number of the comorbidities and the BMI (r=0.493, p˂0.05). Somehow self-explanatory, it was emphasized the fact that group B and C which contained mostly patients with the BMI limit over the usual one, it was remarked a proportional increase of the comorbidities at the same time with the increase of the BMI. A strong positive co-relation between the BMI and the intervention time (p=0.047), therefore, those two being tied by proportional increase relation. In this way we obtained a statistically significant co-relation between BMI and the post-operative complications (p˂0.05) but with a low number of major complication on the general batch. Conclusions: By analyzing the comorbidities and the post-operative evolution, minor differences were encountered between the study groups, and it was demonstrated that there is no reason to see a high BMI level as an obstacle in performing TLH.
Concurrent validity of Grau’s Experiential Self-Report Transdiagnostic Test Modified for a more Comprehensive Assessment of the Affective Dimension
Authors: Garcia Penedo Humberto
Published: June 2022

Based on the qualitative Self-Report Experiential test of Grau, modifications were made to increase its psychometric potential. The modifications were based on the transdiagnosis and from the integral affective dimension that included negative and positive emotions. A construct validation had already been carried out on the modifications. The trait anger construct was validated with the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory STAXI-2,Depression with the Goldberg Trait-State Depression Inventory (IDERE),Anxiety with the Goldberg Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDARE);each one with its Cuban version. A significant positive (moderate) Spearman’s correlation (rho) of rs=0.438 was obtained between the Self-Report Anxiety construct and the IDARE, as well as a sensitivity of 83.3% versus 100% of the IDARE. A significant positive (moderate) Spearman’s Rho correlation of rs=0.459 between the self-report depression construct and the IDERE. The sensitivity of this construct was 73.3% in the Self- report compared to a sensitivity of 90% in the IDERE. The specificity of the Self- report for depression was 26.7% while in the IDERE it was 90%. The correlation of anger in the Self-Report with the STAXI-2 was rs=0.558 (significant, positive and moderate). While the sensitivity for anger was 46.7% and the specificity 53.3%. A remarkable degree of concurrence was concluded between Anxiety, Depression and Anger of Experiential Self-Report with the corresponding tests compared in a sample of 30 apparently healthy subjects. Self-report becomes a psychometric integration instrument that provides the diagnosis of anxiety, depression, anger, Alexithymia, emotional self-control, estimation of psychological trauma, a measure of positivity, emotional health and a coding of emotions. According to their clinical significance, which makes it easier to correlate them with other study variables.
National Comprehensive Trachoma Treatment Campaign: Community Monitoring of Mass Drug Administration (MDA) Coverage and Practices
Authors: Al-Shamahy Hassan A.
Published: June 2022

Background: Trachoma is a communicable infection of the eye by certain strains of the Chlamydia trachomatis. It is the principal cause of loss of sight globally. Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin is a foundation stone of World Health Organization (WHO)’s global struggle to eradicate trachoma by 2020. Aims: The main objectives of the campaign's third monitoring are to check improvement of interventions and improvement of quality across times and activities implemented in seven selected districts of Ibb and Al-Hodeida governorates, Yemen. Methods: A community based cross-sectional coverage survey was performed. 68 divisions were selected per selected districts of the two governorates. A disconnect Results Entry Form for each district surveyed was finished, saved and uploaded directly into the online Coverage Survey Analysis Tool to check improvement of interventions and improvement of quality across times and activities implemented. Results: The national campaign for MDA covers 966 villages in 6 districts of Ibb and Al-Hodeidah governorates by 1932 healthcare workers. A total number of beneficiaries who were monitored from 476 homes reached 3,077, of whom 2,755 (90%, coverage rate) took the dose. The availability rates of trachoma medicines were ranged from 82% to 91%. The improper arrangement of treatment sessions rate was 17%, the incorrect position of the dose pole was 6%, while the correct records of drugs scored the rate of 99%, and the proper storage of drugs rate was 70%. The community collaboration during the treatment campaign the acceptable rate was 92%, while 3% exhibited unacceptable behaviors towards the treatment campaign. Conclusion: In this survey, the national campaign for MDA in the 966 villages reach the target threshold (i.e. 90%) for effective coverage; with proper rates for the availability of trachoma medicines, good people reactions towards taking treatment, and the community collaboration; while bad rates for the improper arrangement of treatment sessions, the incorrect position of the dose pole and the preparation dosages by MDA team. Hence, programmatic enhancement should be made for the future campaign to achieve the estimated thresholds.
Pediatric Caustic Ingestion: A Review Article
Authors: Erikci Volkan Sarper
Published: June 2022

Caustic ingestion injuries represent a significant morbidity and even mortality producing aerodigestive tract burns. Regarded as a major public health issue, caustic injuries may be produced by various chemicals including alkali and acid agents, phenols and oxidizing substances such as peroxides or chlorine bleaches. Public awareness including preventive measures is important in avoiding these injuries. The consequences of caustic ingestion may pose great challenge for both the patients, their families together with clinicians dealing with these children. In this review article it is aimed to discuss the clinical presentations, treatment modalities of these children under the light of relevant literature.
New data on horn morphology of the woolly rhinoceros (Coelodonta antiquitatis Blumenbach, 1799)
Authors: Kirillova I.V.
Published: June 2022

Macro- and microstructure of the Woolly Rhinoceros nasal horn from the collection of the Ice Age Museum was studied. The horn strength and resistance to mechanical damage is provided by the specific structure and connection between unique keratin compartments of the horn, the filaments. The heterogeneous structure of the horn was revealed in the horizontal section at different points. The central part of the horn is denser and more resistant to fracture compared with the peripheral one, and its filaments are larger and stronger united. The complex system ensuring the safety and functionality of the horn is an adaptive feature of this species.
A new species of Ecebalia (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) from the Central Caucasus
Authors: Anikin V.V.
Published: June 2022

A new species of casebearer moths, Ecebalia zolotuhini sp. nov., is described from the Central Caucasus (Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia).
A Cross-Sectional Study for the Analysis of Commonly Attained Fractures in Patients Admitted Followed by a Motorcycle Accident
Authors: Zaur Zulfiqar Ali , Tago Imtiaz Ahmed , Keerio Niaz Hussain , Mehtabullah  , Jan Ghiasuddin , Lakhani Sartaj , Noor Syed Shahid
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are more common in developing countries due to a lack of resources to meet the societal challenges, economic challenges and health care services. Individuals responsible for such accidents are vulnerable users of roads, pedestrians and motorcyclists. The injuries attained by the RTAs considerably contribute to the burden of mortality on a global level. Studies show this pattern is seen more significantly in developing countries. Out of all kinds of accidents that happen on the road, the most dangerous and traumatic ones are associated with motorbikes. They are a serious reason for morbidity and mortality in the productive age, especially in the male gender. Aim: To determine the frequency of various fractures commonly attained during the motorcycle accidents. Methodology: The study included 140 participants presenting in the orthopedic unit with a history of motorbike accidents. A brief history of the patients was noted on an individual proforma. The examination was done for making a provisional diagnosis. All the patients were advised X-ray of the region where the fracture was expected. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32 ± 7.94 years. Out of 140 participants, 116 (82.86%) were male and 24 (17.15%) were females. A total of 41 (29.29%) were detected with fracture of the femur, 78 (55.71%) were detected with a fracture in the tibia, 11 (7.86%) had fractures in the humerus, and the remaining 10 (7.14%) were determined with fractures in radius and ulna. Conclusion: The highest percentage of fractures in a motorbike accident was determined in the bones of the leg. The commonest fractured bone was the tibia followed by femur. Arm and forearm bones had a lesser percentage of fracture compared to leg bones. However, these fractures can be prevented by following the rules and regulations of traffic as well as through preventive campaigns.
Impact of Glossopharyngeal Breathing on Expectoration, Airway Clearance and Vital Capacity in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Bhatti Urooj , Ali Sangrasi Sikandar , Effendi Sadia , Khidri Feriha Fatima , Shaikh Waseem , Rani Keenjher
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is the main agent causing Pulmonary Tuberculosis spread by droplet nuclei that remain airborne for minutes to hours after expectoration via coughing, talking, sneezing or singing. TB is characterized by accumulated mucous in the airway creating a favorable environment for secondary host infections to grow, reduced vital capacity, weakness of respiratory musculature, atelectasis leading to respiratory failure. Aim: To assess the impact of glossopharyngeal breathing on expectoration, airway clearance and vital capacity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methodology: Inpatient tuberculosis patients were selected via a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 197 participants. The application of Glossopharyngeal Breathing (GBP), with the objective of facilitating cough by piston pumping maneuver for exculpating the mucus from lungs hence aims to increase the vital capacity and overall lung compliance. Before and after performing glossopharyngeal breathing, the vital capacity was measured with a spirometer for assessing the outcomes. Results: The increase in exculpating mucus rate with aid of a different breathing pattern, glossopharyngeal breathing was beneficial in increasing lung compliance and vital capacities (p-value of 0.0001) and also enhancing the strength of the respiratory muscle in patients who are suffering from decreased breathing rate due to accumulation of mucus in the airway. Conclusion: The experimental study has established data on the effects of GPB on expectoration, VC and chest tightness in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. According to the data collected, the average age affected was adults with weak immunity. Research shows that assistance for physiotherapists and other health care providers in hospitals as it is cost-effective, easy to perform and less time-consuming.
Effect of Hemoglobin Level on the Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis in Children: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Zaki Muhammad , Munir Misbah , Chandio Muhammad Aslam , Saeed Farhan , Kailash Bindia , Ali Shazia
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant health problem that is seen in about 40% of children worldwide. It affects a child’s physical and mental development, performance of work and maintenance of their health. Anemia increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infection in children, yet there is not enough evidence that shows the effect of iron deficiency anemia on acute bronchiolitis. Aim: To evaluate the effect of anemia on the severity of acute bronchiolitis in infants. Methodology: A total of 160 infants were included in the study, 100 of whom were having acute bronchiolitis while 60 of them were included as a control group. This contrast analysis was conducted on 3 groups of patients having mild, moderate and severe bronchiolitis. A low haemoglobin level (HB) was below 12 grams/dL. This is considered to be an SD of <2. They ranged from 1 month to 2 years of age. Results: Children having acute bronchiolitis had comparatively lower haemoglobin level and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) than in those who were healthy controls. Whereas, the median red cell distribution was higher in patients with acute bronchiolitis. If patients had a haemoglobin level lower than or equal to 10 grams/dL, it is more likely that the bronchiolitis getting worse, that is increasing ten times in patients with acute bronchiolitis. A negative correlation was seen between the severity of bronchiolitis and haemoglobin level. Conclusion: Infants suffering from anemia are more likely to have acute bronchiolitis and the intensity of anemia increases the severity of bronchiolitis. In infants, early identification and treatment of iron deficiency anemia may reduce the incidence and severity of acute bronchiolitis.
INTRODUCTION OF FOLDING CONTAINERS «4FOLD» IN THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Klyapko V. A. , Slobodchikov N. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

This article examines the analysis of container turnover in the Russian Federation, the introduction of folding containers 4FOLD in the transportation process, the advantages of this innovation, as well as the method of storage and formation of container bundles.
SIMULATION OF THE IMPORT BOUND CARGO TRAFFIC PROCESSING AT A CONTAINER TERMINAL IN MATLAB ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Maritime State University named after Admiral G. I. Nevelskoi, Vladivostok, Radochinskaia A. Zh. , Yanchenko A. A. ,   Maritime State University named after Admiral G. I. Nevelskoi, Vladivostok, Malikova T. E. ,   Maritime State University named after Admiral G. I. Nevelskoi, Vladivostok
Published: June 2022

Issues related to the use of mathematical modeling in the process of making management decisions at a sea container terminal have been looked at. A brief overview of generally accepted approaches to the choice of a mathematical apparatus for describing the subtasks of the technological process of terminal cargo handling has been given. The stages of developing a mathematical model based on the author’s methodology for analyzing technological processes for processing import bound cargo traffic at a functioning container terminal have been described in detail. As an example, the process of developing a discrete-event simulation model for processing an import bound container flow arriving at a sea terminal in the MATLAB environment has been considered.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE OF WATER TRANSPORT IN ST. PETERSBURG
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Taratun E. A.
Published: June 2022

The article considers the urban water transport infrastructure, water routes existing in St. Petersburg, the project «City Berths», prospects for the development of water transport infrastructure and the water industry.
STRATEGY FOR EVALUATING THE READINESS OF THE ORBITAL GROUP OF SPACE VEHICLES TO PERFORM THE PURPOSE TASKS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Yezersky V. V. , Kunturov A. L. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Kunturov S. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

The article discusses a strategy for assessing the readiness of an orbital constellation of space assets to perform tasks as intended, describes five models of scenarios for the strategy of maintaining the status quo, and calculates the coefficient of the aggregate availability of space assets included in the orbital constellation when implementing various strategy scenarios.
ON THE ISSUE OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE LATERAL TRAJECTORY MOTION CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT BY THE CRITERION OF SPEED
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Yezersky V. V. , Plyaskina A. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

Considered are the issues of constructing the optimal control of the movement of the aircraft according to the criterion of control speed under constraints on the magnitude of the impact (roll angle) under conditions of large deviations described by the nonlinear model of lateral navigation movement, taking into account the constant crosswind. The issues of constructing an aircraft trajectory, optimal by the criterion of maximum speed, from a point in the phase space, given by coordinates and a heading angle, to another point are considered in the fundamental work of L. Ye. Dubins [4]. General questions of the synthesis of programmed control of dynamic systems are presented in the works of Atans Zh. And Falba PL [5], Afanasyev VN, Kolmanovsky VB, Nosov VR [1].
ATTITUDE CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN FOR A LARGE FLEXIBLE SPACECRAFT
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Nebylov A. V. , Panferov A. I. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Brodsky S. A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

The issues of control of a large space tug, consisting of a powerful power unit, an engine and automation unit remote from it, are considered. The blocks are connected by a long beam of about 50 m. Control of such a spacecraft (SC) is complicated by the considerable flexibility and elasticity of the beam and the significant weight of the blocks attached to it. The article discusses the issues of controlling the orientation of such a spacecraft and damping of the elastic oscillations.
ADAPTIVE-ROBUST METHODS OF RADAR-INERTIAL TRACKING OF AIR OBJECTS WITH INTERFERING REFLECTIONS QUASI-CONTINUOUS LFM- RADIATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Kovregin V. N. , Kovregina G. M. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

Methods are proposed aimed at increasing the noise immunity, accuracy and efficiency of multipurpose active autotracking of air objects under conditions of intensive maneuvering, powerful interfering reflections, false targets and rare radar “interrogations” of objects. The methods are based on adaptive-robust control procedures for quasi-continuous chirp radiation and integrated processing of radar and inertial measurements. Quantitative results are presented that confirm the effectiveness of adaptive-robust tracking of objects under typical conditions and parameters of an aviation pulse-Doppler radar with a phased antenna array.
TASKS AND EXISTING SOLUTIONS FOR PLANNING PRODUCTION PROCESSES IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF ACTIVITY
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Bogdanova A. V. , Syshchikov A. Y. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

This article provides an overview of production planning tasks that are soling to increase the productivity and performance of the company. A description of software products for production planning that are currently on market is provided. The main disadvantages of the existing systems are considered.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PLUG-AND-PLAY SEVICES IN ON-BOARD SPACEWIRE NETWORKS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Rozhdestvenskaya K. N.
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses the dynamical behavior Plug-and-Play manager during time with different initial condition and external influence. A mathematical model based on linear dynamic system theory is described in the paper.
THE APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING METHODS TO PROBLEMS ON GRAPHS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Sokolova A. A. , Syshchikov A. Yu. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

This article provides an overview of machine learning methods applicable to graph tasks. It also provides a summary of how to represent graphs and a description of the machine learning application to graphs.
INTEGRATED INERTIAL-RADAR CHANNEL FOR ESTIMATING THE VELOCITY OF THE AIRCRAFT AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF RADAR TASKS WHEN REVIEWING THE AIRSPACE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Murzaev A. S. , Kovregin V. N. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: June 2022

method is proposed for determining the velocity of a multi-functional radar carrier aircraft with quasi-continuous radiation from reflected signals from sections of the earth’s surface formed by the side lobes of the radar antenna directivity diagram. Is the forecast range to the ground on the lateral petals; the prediction of the spectrum of the reflected signal on the side lobe; Doppler measurements of velocities in the directions of side lobes is determined by the speed of the aircraft, formed the data for further filtering.
COMPARISON OF THE QUALITY OF REGRESSION MODELS FOR SHORT-TERM FORECASTS OF TRAFFIC FLOW SPEED IN THE LOGINOM ANALYTICAL LOW-CODE PLATFORM
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Andronov S. A.
Published: June 2022

The problem of developing a typical scenario for predicting traffic on the streets of a megalopolis using the Loginom low-code platform, including the stage of data preparation, is considered. As a result of comparison according to the main applied criteria, the ARIMA model turned out to be the best for a typical time profile of traffic flow for weekdays on one of the streets of St. Petersburg. Comparative characteristics of the models and the results of cross-validation are presented in the text of the article.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF UNMANNED TRAINS IN DOMESTIC RAIL TRANSPORT
Authors:   Petersburg State University of the Ways of Communication of Emperor Alexander I, Vorobiev A. A. , Budyukin A. M. ,   Petersburg State University of the Ways of Communication of Emperor Alexander I, Kondratenko V. G. ,   Petersburg State University of the Ways of Communication of Emperor Alexander I, Perepechenov A. M. ,   Petersburg State University of the Ways of Communication of Emperor Alexander I
Published: June 2022

The paper considers the state of affairs and proposes ways to solve the problem associated with the introduction of unmanned trains on the Russian railway, subway and ground rail transport. The introduction of unmanned technologies will improve the safety and speed of trains by eliminating the human factor from the control system, and there is no need to comply with the operating modes of locomotive crews. The use of this technology will allow the national economy to obtain a significant economic effect. The problem is considered in the appendix to the study of the discipline «Automation and automation of production processes» for bachelors of the direction 03.03.03 – «Automotive service».
Russian Priorities and Approaches to the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Lukin Alexander
Published: June 2022

The paper comprehensively examines Russia's foreign policy towards the Korean Peninsula. Its scientific relevance is defined by the unsettled issues on the Korean Peninsula, including the nuclear one, and the peninsula’s geographical proximity to the Russian Far East, the development of which is a priority task for Russia in the 21st century. The aim of the study is to analyze Russian approaches to the Korean settlement. The methodology includes the systemic and geopolitical approaches. Russia is interested in the peaceful situation on the Korean Peninsula, its denuclearization and the development of multilateral economic cooperation there. In principle, Russia would not object to the unification of Korea, provided that the process of unification would occur peacefully in conditions of social stability and it would not cause serious conflicts between the regional powers. However, it is not ready to take any active steps to achieve unification of Korea. The reason is Russia’s unwillingness to exacerbate the existing tensions, irritate friendly China, and, what is especially important in the context of the growing confrontation with the United States, eliminate the DPRK as a potential partner in this confrontation. Russia prioritizes the six-party talks format for a comprehensive settlement of the Korean crisis in the context of reformatting the security architecture in Northeast Asia. It is unlikely that the Russian proposals will be implemented in the medium and long term since, firstly, the DPRK prefers to discuss its nuclear program directly with the United States. Secondly, the United States is seeking to strengthen the existing security structure in the region, based on bilateral alliances. The current acute confrontation between Russia and the United States as well as between the United States and China makes it practically unrealistic to create a united front to achieve denuclearization of the DPRK. The authors believe that resolving the nuclear problem of the Korean Peninsula without direct Russian participation would be more profitable for Russia than the status quo with the DPRK continuing to build up its nuclear missile potential and no opportunities for Russia to implement trilateral economic projects on the Korean peninsula.
Remembering Sixty Years of Teaching Russian Language
Authors: Huang Shizeng
Published: June 2022

The history of Russian language teaching in China has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years. Against this background the personal testimony of a participant in the processes through which the teaching of the Russian language in the PRC went through is invaluable to the historians of education. Current article contains the translation of a memoir sketch written by one of the oldest and distinguished scholars in the field of Russian studies in the PRC, lexicographer, linguist, and teacher Huang Shizeng. This memoir sketchis dedicated to his educational and scholarly work at the Department of the Russian Language at Tsinghua University from 1957 to the 2000s. Teaching Russian language in China has always been linked to the history of bilateral relations. As before, during the second half of the 20th century it reflected all their ups and downs: after the formation of the PRC and until the early 1960s, the Russian language was the most studied in the country. Then there was a period of relative decline, and a few years later, with the beginning of the “cultural revolution”, the teaching of foreign languages has undergone a crisis. Since the 1980s, when the Chinese Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature had been established and soon joined the International Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature, the modern restorative stage of teaching Russian in the PRC has begun. The department of Russian language at Tsinghua University, founded in 1952, was to pass through all these stages.
Implementation of Indo-Pacific military policy in North-East Asia and China's response
Authors: Wu Yanbin
Published: June 2022

This article examines the current structure of US military forces in Japan and South Korea and the implementation of the Indo-Pacific military policy of the United States in Northeast Asia, and briefly describes China's response to the Indo-Pacific military policy of the United States. Since the Second World War, the US has had huge national interests in Northeast Asia, and the region is one of the main areas in which the US promotes its democratic values and concentrates its military and strategic planning. In recent years, as China's military modernization has accelerated, the People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) has become increasingly active in East Asia and the Western Pacific. The rapid rise of mainland China is being felt by the US and is one of the main reasons why the US has shifted its attention to the Asia-Pacific region in the second half of the Obama administration's presidential term. The Indo-Pacific strategy is an important component of the US security strategy formally proposed by the Trump administration, and its effectiveness in Northeast Asia will largely determine the continuity and success of US strategy in the Indo-Pacific. The concrete implementation of US military policy in the Indo-Pacific region will inevitably affect the security situation in the region, change relations between countries in the region, and will also have an important impact on the future political landscape of the world.
Field Research of the Economic and Cultural Chinese Emigrants Activities in the Far East and Siberia (1949-2019)
Authors: Ning Yanhong
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the study of labor migration in the system of Russian (Soviet)-Chinese relations 1949-2019. The article is based on unique previously unpublished archival data and field research. The authors consider the circumstances that had a significant impact on the migration policy of the USSR, which, in conditions of a small number of its own population, needed to attract immigrants from China to the Far East and the Siberian part of the USSR; analyze the reasons and benefits of the PRC, allowing the leadership of the republic to send its citizens to study and work in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Using concrete examples and archival data, the authors studied the dynamics of Chinese migration, the reasons for their moving abroad and returning to their homeland, highlighting two periods of active Chinese migration to Russia: 1) 1949-1966; 2) 1990-2019. The authors studied the activities of Chinese communities in Russian (Soviet) territories in both periods and came to the conclusion that these two periods are radically different from each other. During the "Soviet period" of labor migration, Chinese workers, on the one hand, easily assimilated in the Far East and Siberia, easily made friends among the local population, married Soviet women, on the other hand, maintained contact with their native culture, transported their wives and children to the USSR, who had a specially created kindergarten and school program for them with the study of Chinese lingua and culture. The "Russian period" is distinguished by the isolation of the life of Chinese communities, many of whose members have illegal status and are engaged in corruption. Nevertheless, labor migrants from China feel very comfortable living in the Far East and Siberia. Most Chinese emigrants have the goal of improving their economic situation and getting an education, achieving which more than 99% of Chinese return to China.
Chinese interpreters and Soviet specialists in Shaanxi Province during the Great Leap Forward
Authors: Smirnov Vadim
Published: June 2022

The issue of the Soviet Union's assistance to China in the 1950s and the subsequent dispatch of a large number of Soviet specialists cannot be fully studied without revealing the role of translators in the process of providing this assistance, because it was translators who were the main link that allowed to transfer of extensive Soviet experience to the Chinese side. The Chinese archival documents at our disposal allow us to reveal the nature and content of the work of Chinese translators with Soviet specialists in the territory of Shaanxi Province. Thanks to the concentrated assistance of the USSR to create military facilities during the first and partly second Chinese five-year plans, this province became a new center of military production in China. The content of our documents allows us to reveal the methods and principles of the organization of translation activities by the Chinese leadership for Soviet specialists during the years of the Great Leap Forward. It is in the documents of this period that we can detect the emergence of a new understanding of the basic functions of the translator. If previously translators were mainly a link for the transfer of Soviet knowledge and experience to the Chinese side, then in the years of the Great Leap Forward one of the main functions of the translator was the task of relaying Chinese ideological postulates in relation to specialists. Chinese side tried to convey the ideas of the "big leap" to the soviet specialists through translators in order to turn them into a tool for implementing the super-tasks for Chinese society. In this regard, one of the main requirements for Chinese translators was their ideological literacy, which was even higher than knowledge of the Russian language and translation skills. At the same time attempts at ideological pressure on Soviet specialists led to increased alienation and conflicts between the parties.
 
The author expresses his gratitude to Sergey Smirnov, Professor of the Department of Modern and Contemporary History of UrFU, for his help in writing the article.
On the Notion of “Peaceful Rise” and its Value Orientations: Some Views from China
Authors: Song Zhihao
Published: June 2022

As Chinese President Xi Jinping assesses, the entire world is now facing unprecedented changes not seen before in hundreds of years. In this respect, China has in recent years increasingly turned to its tradition, including philosophical concepts of ancient thinkers and traditional values, to draw on its own historical experience in the search for new formulas and ways of building (or rebuilding) a world order, as well as to promote its “peaceful rise”.
In this article author attempts to find answers to the question, “What is meant by China's peaceful rise?” in the writings of Chinese scholars. It briefly outlines the ongoing debate on the essence of China's peaceful rise, and hence the experts' views on what impact the Chinese rise may have on the world order as a whole. The paper pays attention to the question of value orientations in this process by analyzing a number of new so-called Chinese theories of international relations and foreign policy. Examples touched upon include the theory of the “celestial” system, the theory of “moral realism”, and the theory of new cosmopolitanism, the development of which takes into account the essential need of modern China at the international level. In particular, their role for the construction of the community of destiny of mankind both on the theoretical and practical foreign policy level is also studied.
 
As the main conclusion, it is noted that China today is gradually moving along the specific path, the essence of which is reflected in the four idioms put forward by Fei Xiaotong. Adhering to this path, China takes various opportunities and occasions to show the world which way it will develop under the guidance of values emanating from the depths of Chinese history and culture.
Author is grateful to Prof. A.N. Karneev and T. Kuznetsova for constructive comments on the article's content and editing.
Economy of the Republic of Korea in the Face of New Challenges
Authors: Zueva Alexandra
Published: June 2022

The South Korean economic miracle is cited as an example of the consolidation of business and government acting in the interests of the country’s prosperity. Thanks to the industrialization carried out in a short time and the implementation of the export-oriented economy model, the Republic of Korea received the status of a developed country already in the mid-1990s. One of the important factors of South Korean success at the global level is that the foreign economic relations of the Republic of Korea were closely intertwined with access to world markets, technologies, and investments. However, the economic crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and the global geopolitical shift has been testing even the most sustainable economics. Since the South Korean economy has been deeply integrated into international trade and finance, it becomes very vulnerable to external challenges. Deepening partnership with the United States requires the administration of President Yoon to diversify foreign economic ties dramatically. At the domestic level new administration of President Yoon faces unresolved economic problems, which only have been worsening. First of all, it is unemployment (especially among young people), inflation, real estate crisis, problem of an aging population. One of the main focuses in the article is Russian-South Korean economic partnership and its prospects. The authors noted that our economic partnership due to strict sanction’s policy against Russia is under pressure.
Economy of the Republic of Korea, diversification of the economy, foreign economic relations, entrepreneurship in the Republic of Korea, economic partnership between South Korea and Russia
Mykhailo Rudnytskyi and the struggle against the «Hrushevskyi school» in Lviv
Authors: Chedoluma Illia
Published: June 2022

The campaign launched by the Soviet power against the «Hrushevskyi School» in post-war Lviv was not so much an ideological campaign directed only against Ukrainian historians. Rather, it was a broader campaign of pressure and persecution, which clearly illustrates the Soviet government’s attempts to implement social discipline to establish total control over various groups of the Ukrainian intelligentsia. Consideration of various aspects of this campaign shows how discursive practices and relevant social «rituals» in the Soviet era were subordinated to the unification and Sovietization of Western Ukrainian public space in the postwar period. In contexts of this process, the case of Galician publicist and writer Mykhailo Rudnytskyi was significant. The study of his biography in this period allows us to analyze at the micro-level great processes that took place in Soviet Ukraine at this time.In addition to Moscow and Kyiv, local Soviet activists played an important role, primarily among the «pro-communist» professors of LSU. The Soviet government used the old principle of «divide et impera» by dividing intelligentsia into several groups, first criticizing one and then using them to criticize another one. Party documents show that Mykhailo Rudnytskyi remained a «stranger» to the Soviet government, a fragment of the «old world». Rudnytskyi also did not perceive the Soviet government as «his» but resorted to self-censorship for survival. Choosing survival strategies in postwar Lviv, he tried to balance between ostentatious loyalty to the Soviet regime and maintaining his own moral and ideological position.
Origin and development of folk applied art of Kosiv region (end of 18th – second half of 19th centuries)
Authors: Melnychuk Halyna , Dutka Viktoriia
Published: June 2022

In Hutsul region, due to many historical circumstances and peculiarities of the natural and geographical environment, a specific way of managing the locals was formed; home crafts and handicrafts were developed.The process of formation and development of Hutsul crafts is inextricably linked with the life of the mountaineers, who almost completely provided themselves with consumer goods. The availability of natural raw materials and the remoteness from industrial centres encouraged locals to engage in pottery, weaving, producing furniture, utensils, brass, clothing, lizhnyky (blankets of wool) and more.The most popular trades of Kosiv region at the end of the 18th – second half of the 19th centuries were pottery and artistic weaving, including lizhnyk making. Having a fertile artistic and raw material base, the manufacture of lizhnyks has always played a huge role in the life of Hutsul house. The lizhnyk had to be among the dowry of the girl; it was given at baptisms and it accompanied the last journey.The development of Kosiv, Pistyn and Kut pottery was facilitated by the presence of rich deposits of plastic pottery clays, as well as the need to make utensils for everyday use. The products of each of these centres of pottery differed in their characteristics, which depended on the natural properties of materials, the level of ceramic production and local traditions.The artistic traditions and the unique spiritual culture, over the centuries, are a permanent basis for the development of folk arts and crafts. From generation to generation passed artistic and stylistic techniques of decoration; the secrets of technical and technological skills, and improved techniques for processing natural materials. Traditions of folk arts and crafts, which have stood out in a bright artistic phenomenon, have become one of the important aspects of socio-economic and artistic life of modern Hutsul region.The rapid development of factory industry in the second half of the 19th century caused a reduction in the production of most household items. At the same time, the growth of industrial production of goods, trends in their domestic use contributed to the rise of the role of artistic origin in traditional types of applied crafts.

Improving the quality of products, adjusting the development of industrial production and folk crafts required the introduction of art and industrial education. In this context, the establishment in 1882 of the Weaving School in Kosiv was a significant event in the beginning of professional education in Hutsul region.
Виправа Яна Ольбрахта 1497 р. на Буковину та її вплив на взаємовідносини Молдавії та Польщі
Authors: Балух Олексій
Published: June 2022

Кінець XV ст. виявився досить напруженим для буковинських земель. У роки правління господаря Стефана ІІІ (1457-1504) територія Буковини стала ареною протистояння могутніх держав – Порти, Польщі, Угорщини та Молдавії, а також запеклих польсько-молдавських збройних сутичок. Для Польщі молдавські землі були своєрідною буферною зоною від турків, а для Туреччини – становили значний інтерес через свої оборонні споруди, а саме Сучавську та Хотинську фортеці. Отже, «Чорноморська» експедиція Яна Ольбрахта (1492-1501), її розв’язка у Сучаві (24 вересня – 16 жовтня 1497 р.) та Козминському лісі (26 жовтня 1497 р.) негативно вплинула на воєнно-політичне становище в краї, призвела до чималих демографічних втрат, запустіння населених пунктів та зубожіння місцевого населення, а термін «Буковина» почав уживатися в історичних джерелах як назва місцевості.
УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ТЕАТР КОРИФЕЇВ У «КРИВОМУ ДЗЕРКАЛІ» РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ПАРОДІЇ
Authors: Гринишина Марина , Панасюк Валерій
Published: June 2022

Мета статті — виокремити конкретні пародійовані елементи моделі українського театру, з’ясовуючи його значення в соціокультурному просторі зламу ХІХ–ХХ століть. Методологія дослідження. Застосовується міждисциплінарна система наукових методів, зокрема театрознавства, літературознавства та семіотики. Результати. Пародіювання моделі українського театру корифеїв свідчить про його велику популярність і активності функціонування в культурному просторі зламу ХІХ–ХХ століть; унікальність моделі українського театру (синтетичного за своїм характером) підтверджується пародійними трансформаціями її окремих складових (музично-хорової, хореографічної), відтворенням системи дійових осіб, їхніх поведінкових моделей і сюжетних колізій через використання прийому «нагромадження», завдяки чому інформаційне перевантаження призводить до «спустошення сенсу» та виникнення ефекту комунікативної нісенітниці за умови збереження формальних мовленнєвих норм. Наукова новизна статті обумовлюється актуалізацією низки невідомих текстів, виокремленням пародійованих елементів моделі українського театру через установлення компонентів в алгоритмі «текст — пародія — театральний побут».
МУЗИЧНА ТЕРАПІЯ: РОЛЬ МІЖГАЛУЗЕВОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ У ФОРМУВАННІ ФАХОВОЇ СПЕЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ ТА КОНКРЕТИЗАЦІЇ СФЕРИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ
Authors: Бенч Ольга , Брчакова Зузана
Published: June 2022

Мета статті – визначити провідні сучасні тенденції основних галузей музичної терапії з врахуванням досвіду світових наукових шкіл. Методологія дослідження окреслюється використанням історико- культурологічного підходу до вивчення становлення та розвитку музичної терапії, а також методів аналізу та порівняння для простеження основних напрямів музикотерапії й міжгалузевих впливів вагомих наукових результатів. Результати. Доведено, що динамічність розвитку музичної терапії з часу її створення виявляє певну стабільність у нарощенні та апробації нових відгалужень. Їхня логічна поява пояснюється своєрідними «перехресними» міжгалузевими впливами та залученням на певних етапах вагомих наукових результатів із різних галузей знань, у тому числі віддалених від практичної медицини, традиційної музичної освіти, класичних музикознавства і педагогіки. Наголошено, що завдяки внутрішній диференціації окремих її складових постійно оновлюється системність галузі, яка сформована на перетині педагогіки, теорії соціальної комунікації, культурології та інших споріднених дисциплін. Визначено, що провідними у музикотерапії є медицина, психологія і педагогіка, що розвивається як інтегративна дисципліна на стику нейрофізіології, психології, рефлексології, музикознавства та інших дисциплін. Наукова новизна полягає у виявленні спільних засобів і підходів наукового пізнання музичної практики до психологічної, ментальної, поведінкової корекції людської діяльності на різних вікових етапах.