bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic Plasmon-Emitting Diodes for Detecting Refractive Index Variation
Authors: Chiu Nan-Fu , Cheng Chih-Jen , Huang Teng-Yi
Published: June 2013

A photo-excited organic layer on a metal thin film with a corrugated substrate was used to generate surface plasmon grating coupled emissions (SPGCEs). Directional emissions corresponded to the resonant condition of surface plasmon modes on the Au/air interface. In experimental comparisons of the effects of different pitch sizes on the plasmonic band-gap, the obtained SPGCEs were highly directional, with intensity increases as large as 10.38-fold. The FWHM emission spectrum was less than 70 nm. This method is easily applicable to detecting refractive index changes by using SP-coupled fluorophores in which wavelength emissions vary by viewing angle. The measurements and calculations in this study confirmed that the color wavelength of the SPGCE changed from 545.3 nm to 615.4 nm at certain viewing angles, while the concentration of contacting glucose increased from 10 to 40 wt%, which corresponded to a refractive index increase from 1.3484 to 1.3968. The organic plasmon-emitting diode exhibits a wider linearity range and a resolution of the experimental is 1.056 × 10−3 RIU. The sensitivity of the detection limit for naked eye of the experimental is 0.6 wt%. At a certain viewing angle, a large spectral shift is clearly distinguishable by the naked eye unaided by optoelectronic devices. These experimental results confirm the potential applications of the organic plasmon-emitting diodes in a low-cost, integrated, and disposable refractive-index sensor.
A Critical Assessment and Projection of Urban Vertical Growth in Antofagasta, Chile
Authors: Palme Massimo , Ramírez José
Published: June 2013

Vertical cities’ growth is argument of discussion worldwide. Population increases and a better soil use are needed, in terms of efficiency and density, in many cities of the world. However, an excessive vertical growth seems to be harmful, especially near the green areas of midtowns. In this paper, the case of Antofagasta is studied. The paper studies different possible future evolutions searching for a bearable development, respecting the society needs and the environment. Parameters analyzed are: temperature, humidity, solar radiation, wind speed and direction in the studied area. Results show the impact of building growth in terms of overheating and wind reduction on the ground area studied. Additionally, the social impact of living in towers is also discussed in the paper, searching for better design in order to guarantee user’s comfort, satisfaction and stimulation in their residences. Thermal, visual and acoustical effects produced by towers are considered in the critical evaluation of the Antofagasta city evolution. Part of this work relates to architectural workshop “energy and architecture” conducted by the authors at the School of Architecture of the Catholic University of the North (UCN) in 2012.
Framing Scenarios of Binational Water Policy with a Tool to Visualize, Quantify and Valuate Changes in Ecosystem Services
Authors: Norman Laura , Villarreal Miguel , Niraula Rewati , Meixner Thomas , Frisvold George , Labiosa William
Published: June 2013

In the Santa Cruz Watershed, located on the Arizona-Sonora portion of the U.S.-Mexico border, an international wastewater treatment plant treats wastewater from cities on both sides of the border, before discharging it into the river in Arizona. These artificial flows often subsidize important perennial surface water ecosystems in the region. An explicit understanding of the benefits of maintaining instream flow for present and future generations requires the ability to assess and understand the important trade-offs implicit in water-resource management decisions. In this paper, we outline an approach for modeling and visualizing impacts of management decisions in terms of rare terrestrial and aquatic wildlife, vegetation, surface water, groundwater recharge, real-estate values and socio-environmental vulnerable communities. We identify and quantify ecosystem services and model the potential reduction in effluent discharge to the U.S. that is under scrutiny by binational water policy makers and of concern to stakeholders. Results of service provisioning are presented, and implications for policy makers and resource managers are discussed. This paper presents a robust ecosystem services assessment of multiple scenarios of watershed management as a means to discern eco-hydrological responses and consider their potential values for future generations living in the borderlands.
Measurement of Accelerometry-based Gait Parameters in People with and without Dementia in the Field
Authors: Wolf K.-H. , Kohlmann M. , Marschollek M. , Haux R. , Gietzelt M.
Published: June 2013

Background: Gait analyses are an important tool to diagnose diseases or to measure the rehabilitation process of patients. In this context, sensor-based systems, and especially accelerometers, gain in importance. They are able to improve objectiveness of gait analyses. In clinical settings, there is usually a supervisor who gives instructions to the patients, but this can have an influence on patients’ gait. It is expected that this effect will be smaller in field studies.

Objective: Aim of this study was to capture and evaluate gait parameters measured by a single waist-mounted accelerometer during everyday life of subjects.

Methods: Due to missing ground-truth in unsupervised conditions, another external criterion had to be chosen. Subjects of two different groups were considered: patients with dementia (DEM) and active older people (ACT). These groups were chosen, because of the expected difference in gait. The idea was to quantify the expected difference of accelerometric-based gait parameters. Gait parameters were e.g. velocity, step frequency, compensation movements, and variance of the accelerometric signal.

Results: Ten subjects were measured in each group. The number of walking episodes captured was 1,187 (DEM) vs. 1,809 (ACT). The compensation and variance parameters showed an AUC value (Area Under the Curve) between 0.88 and 0.92. In contrast, velocity and step frequency performed poorly (AUC values of 0.51 and 0.55). It was possible to classify both groups using these parameters with an accuracy of 89.2%.

Conclusion: The results showed a much higher amount of walking episodes in field studies compared to supervised clinical trials. The classification showed a high accuracy in distinguishing between both groups.
Reliability of In-hospital Mortality as a Quality Indicator in Clinical Quality Registries
Authors: Peek N. , de Jonge E. , Dongelmans D. , van Berkel G. , de Keizer N. , Koetsier A.
Published: June 2013

Objectives: Errors in the registration or extraction of patient outcome data, such as in-hospital mortality, may lower the reliability of the quality indicator that uses this (partly) incorrect data. Our aim was to measure the reliability of in-hospital mortality registration in the Dutch National Intensive Care Evaluation (NICE) registry.

Methods: We linked data of the NICE registry with an insurance claims database, resulting in a list of discrepancies in in-hospital mortality. Eleven Intensive Care Units (ICUs) were visited where local data sources were investigated to find the true in-hospital mortality status of the discrepancies and to identify the causes of the data errors in the NICE registry. Original and corrected Stand -ardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) were calculated to determine if conclusions about quality of care changed compared to the national benchmark.

Results: In eleven ICUs, 23,855 records with 460 discrepancies were identified of which 255 discrepancies (1.1% of all linked records) were due to incorrect in-hospital mortality registration in the NICE registry. Two programming errors in computer software of six ICUs caused 78% of errors, the remainder was caused by manual transcription errors and failure to record patient outcomes. For one ICU the performance became concordant with the national benchmark after correction, instead of being better.

Conclusions: The reliability of in-hospital mortality registration in the NICE registry was good. This was reflected by the low number of data errors and by the fact that conclusions about the quality of care were only affected for one ICU due to systematic data errors. We recommend that registries frequently verify the software used in the registration process, and compare mortality data with an external source to assure consistent quality of data.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DOCUMENTATION OF CZECHOSLOVAK BORDER FORTIFICATIONS AT HLUČÍN-DARKOVIČKY
Authors: Kapica Roman , Vrublová Dana , Michalusová Markéta
Published: June 2013

The Institute of Geodesy and Mine Surveying of the Technical University Ostrava makes photogrammetric surveying of major built objects in the Moravian-Silesian region. The focus of the present study is on special monuments that form integral parts of regional history and make outstanding landmarks. Terrestrial photogrammetry was used as the surveying methods used. The primary goal of photogrammetric surveying is to identify geometric shapes and to create visualisations of objects. Photogrammetric surveying provides valuable documentary data for uses in the areas of the history of architecture and technical research as well as for renovations and advertising campaigns. Our 3D models were created by using terrestrial digital photogrammetry.
CLIMATIC VARIABILITY PREDICTION WITH SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA IN THE SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Ogunbadewa Ebenezer Yemi
Published: June 2013

Climatic variability affects both seasonal phenological cycles of vegetation and monthly distribution of rainfall in the south western Nigeria. Variations in vegetation biophysical parameters have been known to be a good indicator of climate variability; hence they are used as key inputs into climate change models. However, understanding the response of vegetation to the influence of climate at both temporal and spatial scales have been a major challenge. This is because most climatic data available are derived from ground-based instruments, which are mainly point measurements and are characterized by sparse network of meteorological stations that lacks the spatial coverage required for climate change investigation. Satellite remote sensing instruments can provide a suitable alternative of time-reliable datasets in a more consistent manner at both temporal and spatial scales. The aim of this study is to test the suitability of one year time series datasets obtained from satellite sensor and meteorological stations as a starting point for the development of a climate change model that can be exploited in planning adaptation strategies. Taking into consideration that rainfall is the most variable element of climate in the study area, rainfall data acquired from five meteorological stations for the year 2006 were correlated with changes in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Terra satellite sensor for the same period using a linear regression equation. The results shows that rainfall–NDVI relationship was stronger along the seasonal track with R2 ranging from 0.74 to 0.94, indicating that NDVI seasonal variations can be used as a surrogate data source for monitoring climate change for short and long term scales ranging from regional to global magnitude especially in areas where data availability from ground-based measurements are unreliable.
LANDSCAPE AS COMMUNICATION: REFLECTION ON SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT IN CHINESE AESTHETICS / PEIZAŽAS KAIP KOMUNIKACIJA: SUPANČIOS APLINKOS REFLEKSIJA KINŲ ESTETIKOJE
Authors: Juzefovič Agnieška
Published: June 2013

Through examining early Chinese texts on aesthetic, contemporary interpretations and traditional Chinese landscape paintings, the author highlights relationship between painters and art theorists and their surrounding environment. The early aesthetic treatises, especially those who were dedicated to the topic of landscape painting, consist of subtle reflection of surrounding environment, its impact on author's life and worldview, discuss how painters understand, interpret and depict natural environment. The author argues that Chinese painters’ main attention focused on the natural environment where traces of human activity are not visible or barely visible, and unimportant, accidental. Monochrome ink landscapes created from Tang and Song dynasties are analyzed as examples because of their subtle reflection of the natural environment, embodied desire to capture and communicate its mood and soul. Portraying the sublime, animated nature Chinese painters intended indirectly via picture to communicate the idea that the whole surrounding world permeates invisible Dao. Such a worldview in traditional Chinese culture caused particular responsiveness and respect for the surrounding environment.

Santrauka

Nagrinėjant ankstyvuosius kinų estetikos traktatus, šiuolaikines interpretacijas ir dailės kūrinius, straipsnyje išryškinamas dailininkų ir meno teoretikų santykis su supančia aplinka. Parodoma, kad jau ankstyvuosiuose traktatuose, skirtuose dailės, o ypač peizažo, žanro problematikai, subtiliai reflektuojama supančios aplinkos problematika, nagrinėjamas jos poveikis dailininkui, išryškinamas aplinkos vaizdavimo savitumas. Konstatuojama, kad kinų menininkai daugiausia dėmesio skyrė natūraliai gamtinei aplinkai, kurioje žmogaus veiklos pėdsakai yra neregimi arba vos regimi, antraeiliai. Daugiausia nagrinėjami monochrominiai tušo peizažai iš Tangų ir Songų dinastijų laikų, nes jiems būdinga subtilios gamtinės aplinkos refleksijos, siekis pagauti ir perteikti jos nuotaiką ir dvasingumą. Straipsnyje argumentuojama, kad, vaizduodami taurią, sudvasintą gamtą, kinų dailininkai siekė netiesiogiai, vaizdais perteikti mintį, kad visą supantį pasaulį persmelkia neregimas Dao. Tokia pasaulėžiūra tradicinėje kinų kultūroje lėmė dėmesingumą ir pagarbą supančiai aplinkai.
URBAN SCENOGRAPHY: EMOTIONAL AND BODILY EXPERIENCE / MIESTO SCENOGRAFIJA: KŪNIŠKAS IR EMOCINIS PATYRIMAS
Authors: Lavrinec Jekaterina
Published: June 2013

The idea, that spatial configurations produce comical and critical situations by encouraging certain “choreography” of its users, is brilliantly developed by Jacques Tati in his films (Mon Oncle (1958), Playtime (1967) and others). In his turn Michel de Certeau develops the idea, that city space is “actuated by the ensemble of movements deployed within it” (de Certeau 1984: 117). For a moving body a city emerges as a configuration of obstacles and their absence, which influence the routes and the rhythms of a walker. The idea of interconnection between spatial configurations and scenarios of everyday use of it was developed by the Situationists who proposed the concept of unitary urbanism (Chtcheglov 1958; Kotányi, Vaneigem 1961). According to them, spatial structures produce certain type of behaviour as well as emotional experience and constellations of urban elements are able to encourage citizens to participate actively in the reorganization of urban surrounding. As an analytical tool, the concept of urban scenography reveals the interconnections between spatial configurations and everyday scenarios that take place in urban settings. On the practical level, the concept of urban scenography as a dynamic set of city elements (which includes even temporal and accidental items) appears to be a tool applicable for revitalization of underused public spaces. Santrauka Idėją apie tai, kad kiekviena erdvinė konfigūracija numato tam tikrą ,,choreografiją“ (arba kūnišką dinamiką ir judėjimo trajektorijas) ir generuoja kritiškas bei komiškas situacijas, savo filmuose atskleidžia Jacques'as Tati (filmai Mano dėdė (1958), Metas žaisti (1967) ir kt.). Šis Tati atradimas primena Michelio de Certeau tezę apie tai, kad ,,erdvė yra aktualizuojama per judesių, atliekamų šioje erdvėje, ansamblį (de Certeau 1984: 117). Judančiam kūnui miesto erdvė atsiveria kaip kliūčių ir galimybių konfigūracija. Plėtodami tezę apie tai, kad erdvės konfigūracijos formuoja tam tikrus elgesio tipus ir emocinius turinius, situacionistai priėjo prie ,,unitarinio urbanizmo“ idėjos (Chtcheglov 1958; Kotányi, Vaneigem 1961). Siekdami užtikrinti sąmoningą miestiečio laikyseną savo aplinkos atžvilgiu, jie siūlė konstruoti dinamiškas atviras aplinkas, kurias galėtų reorganizuoti patys miestiečiai. Kaip paralelinę miestiečių ,,aktyvinimo“ taktiką situacionistai siūlė ,,konstruoti situacijas“. Miesto scenografijos (kaip dinamiškos elementų konfigūracijos) koncepcija yra paranki analizuojant ne tik menines intervencijas į viešąsias erdves, bet ir kasdienes spontaniškas intervencijas, prie kurių priskiriame platų diapazoną miestiečių inicijuojamų (valingai arba nevalingai) miesto pokyčių. Taip pat ši koncepcija naudotina kaip analitinis įrankis, atskleidžiantis abipusį urbanistinės aplinkos, kasdienių scenarijų ir emocinio bei kūniško miestiečių patyrimo sąveiką.
Le concept de représentation : un problème allemand ?
Authors: Hofmann Hasso , Pégny Gaëtan , Sintomer Yves
Published: June 2013

Résumé La signification de la catégorie de représentation politique est fortement controversée. En particulier, là où les théoriciens anglo-saxons la lient intrinsèquement à l’élection, une certaine tradition allemande, séculaire mais dont la période de Weimar a sans doute représenté l’apogée, oppose la simple représentation-mandat ( die Vertretung) et ce qui serait l’essence de la représentation politique ( die Repräsentation). Dans cette perspective, cette essence repose sur un rapport existentiel par lequel le représentant rend présent une réalité supérieure absente, comme le Peuple, sans être juridiquement lié aux électeurs empiriques. Le représentant incarne l’unité du groupe en offrant une représentation publique du tout à travers sa personne. Cette tradition allemande, illustrée notamment par Carl Schmitt, a indéniablement des dimensions réactionnaires. Cependant, elle permet aussi de voir certains éléments que ne perçoivent pas les traditions libérales, comme le lien entre représentation et domination ou la multiplicité des sens de la représentation. C’est cette multiplicité qu’une histoire conceptuelle de la représentation doit mettre à jour.
Du laboratoire scientifique à l'ordre constitutionnel
Authors: Laurent Brice
Published: June 2013

Résumé Les études sociales des sciences ( Science and Technology Studies, STS) ont profondément transformé l’analyse de la représentation scientifique. D’une opération désignant la visualisation plus ou moins exacte d’une réalité physique stable, la représentation scientifique devient le résultat de la construction de chaines de médiations. Dans cette optique, la représentation est un processus instrumenté, dont les effets ont trait à l’existence même des objets concernés, et dont la validité dépend des espaces où elle circule. Cette perspective peut être adoptée pour décrire la représentation politique comprise comme le processus permettant de choisir les représentants. L’exemple de situations hybrides montre que la description en termes de chaîne de médiations n’est pas vouée à qualifier soit la « science », soit la « politique ». Les situations hybrides ne sont pas à étudier pour elle-même, mais en tant que composantes d’ordres constitutionnels dont la description doit mettre au jour l’articulation entre dispositifs de représentation.
Lealtad bancaria y la medida del riesgo de abandono de los clientes de las entidades financieras
Authors: Lara Rubio Juan , Liébana Cabanillas Francisco José , Martínez Fiestas Myriam
Published: June 2013

In the last decade financial markets haves shown a great transformation that has failed to reduce the high rate of existing banking even the current financial crisis. This high level of competition means that financial institutions are concerned about the loyalty of their customers to maintain or increase market share and profitability. In this paper we propose a statistical model that measures the risk of customer dropping out of a Spanish financial institution, and this is a widely method for the financial sector in general. The risk depend son socio-demographic, economic and, most importantly, the levels of satisfaction and customer confidence with the bank. Research shows that the proposed model can help institutions to know which customers have a greater risk of dropping out to establish, and some recommendations for their loyalty.
Sevillian transport jars in early colonial America: the case of Santa María La Antigua del Darién (Colombia)
Authors: Gomez Ferrer Samantha , Buxeda i Garrigós Jaume , Iñañez Javier Garcia , De Amores Carredano Fernando , Alzate Gallego Adriana
Published: June 2013

Within the scope of the TECNOLONIAL (HAR2008-02834/HIST) project, an archaeologi- cal and archaeometric research is being conduct- ed in order to clarify and systematize transport jars production in the Iberian peninsula and their distribution abroad, especially to the Americas, from the 15th to the 17th century. The production centre of Seville, in the Crown of Castile, produced large glazed and unglazed transport jars, called botijas, which were mainly devoted to the Atlantic trade network. The pres- ent study accounts for the first results obtained from an initial sample of 34 transport jars dated around the 15th-16th centuries from the produc- tion centre of Seville and the reception site of Santa María de la Antigua del Darién (gulf of Urabá, Colombia). This latter site is especially significant since it was the first Spanish founda- tion (1510) in continental America that obtained the title of town, and was the seat for the Governor of the new region called Castilla de Oro, as well as for the first diocese. All individuals were analyzed by means of x-ray fluorescence and diffraction analyses and then compared with the majolica production database from Seville. The results enabled us to define the first refer- ence groups for such modern transport jars, and to get a first insight into the jars coming to the Americas in the early 16th century whose prove- nance can be linked to Seville, but not Triana.
Echocardiography in Fabry Disease
Authors: Niemann Markus , Weidemann Frank
Published: June 2013

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by alpha-galactosidase A deficiency. The genetic defect leads to progressive intracellular accumulation of Gl3 in various tissues, including heart, kidney, vascular endothelium and the nervous system. Cardiac involvement is frequent and since renal transplantation therapy became standard most Fabry patients die due to cardiac reasons. Left ventricular hypertrophy is the morphological hallmark of the disease. Hypertrophy can be accompanied by various other cardiac findings, which can be visualized using echocardiography. Especially the left ventricular geometry and the regional myocardial function can show major alterations during disease progression. This review provides echocardiographic guidance in Fabry disease and highlights possible alterations of the hearts components visualizable with echocardiography. The main findings are summarized in the Take home message sections.
Role of Multislice Computed Tomography in Evaluation and Management of Intestinal Obstruction
Authors: Saini Durgesh Kumar , Chaudhary Poras , Durga Chikkala Kanak , Saini Kiran
Published: June 2013

The aims and objectives of this study were: i) to evaluate the efficacy of computed tomography (CT) imaging in diagnosing the presence, level, degree, and cause of intestinal obstruction, and the role of CT in detecting presence of complications; ii) to assess impact of CT in decision making and management (surgical/conservative); iii) to correlate CT findings with intra operative findings whenever possible. A prospective study of 40 patients presented in outpatient/emergency department with features suggestive of intestinal obstruction. Multislice contrast enhanced computed tomography of whole abdomen was done in all patients after preliminary investigations. Whenever indicated, patients were explored. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the efficacy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in diagnosing intestinal obstruction and its complications. Out of 40, 30 patients underwent exploratory laparotomy and it was found that MDCT was 85% sensitive and 70% specific in diagnosing bowel obstruction. Association between MDCT findings suggestive of obstruction and intra-operative findings turn out to be significant (P=0.003). MDCT findings were consistent with intraoperative findings in 22 out of 30 patients (73%). MDCT is sensitive and specific in determining the presence of bowel obstruction and should be recommended for patients with suspected bowel obstruction because it affects outcome in these patients.
Pneumothorax in an Early Phase after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Ebihara Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Shohei , Mochizuki Shinji , Tsukada Masao , Taya Yuki , Kawakita Toshiro , Kato Seiko , Ooi Jun , Takahashi Satoshi , Tojo Arinobu , Tsuji Kohichiro
Published: June 2013

Pneumothorax is very rare after early phase of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and usually accompanied with pulmonary chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), such as bronchiolitis obliterans and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. The present study describes the case of a seventeen-year-old male diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Pneumothorax occurred at day 43 after BMT. Pneumothorax occurred in early phase of HSCT is extremely rare. The early onset of acute GVHD and the entity of cytomegalovirus might worsen the pulmonary tissue damages for the onset of pneumothorax, indicating that we should be aware of the possibility to occur pneumothorax even in the early period after allogeneic HSCT.
Diagnostic accuracy of keratoconus using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Davey Pinakin Gunvant , Newman Christina , Ablamowicz Anna , Fuller Daniel
Published: June 2013

The aims of the present study are i) to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of RTVue non-contact, high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (RTVue OCT) in identifying keratoconic eyes from a group of healthy eyes; and ii) to examine how the severity of disease affects diagnostic accuracy. Corneal thickness measurements were performed using the RTVue OCT on 58 eyes of 29 individuals (10 males, 19 females). Of them, 28 eyes were deemed to be keratoconic, and 30 eyes healthy on the basis of clinical findings. Sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area was calculated overall and by grouping eyes by severity of disease. On the whole, the ROC area was highest for the parameters minimum thickness and difference between minimum and maximum thickness of cornea (0.98). The ROC area for the parameters difference in superior nasal and inferior temporal thickness and difference in superior and inferior thickness was 0.81 and 0.77, respectively. The ROC area in identifying eyes with keratoconus varied as a function of severity of disease. From our analysis we can conclude that the RTVue OCT provides excellent diagnostic ability in identifying moderate to advanced cases of keratoconus.
Die formule (ἐν ΧρισΤῷ) as basis van die Pauliniese ekklesiologie
Authors: Botma Andre , Van Aarde Andries
Published: June 2013

The formula (ἐν ΧρισΤῷ) as the basis of Pauline ecclesiology. This article is an attempt to interpret the Pauline formulaἐν ΧρισΤῷ. The argument proceeds from the thesis that the formula forms the basis of Pauline ecclesiology. Firstly, traditional interpretations of the formula are shown to be inadequate since they understand the phrase one-sidedly as a reference to the kerugma of the cross. It is argued instead, as a second step, that theformula should be understood in terms ofparticipation in the 'Jesus-Sache'. This expression encapsulates Paul's intention that the believer should 'become as Jesus was' Participation and reconciliation, ethics and Suffering thus cohere. In conclusion, the meaning of the formula ἐν ΧρισΤῷ is further explicated by juxtaposing it with the phrase ἐν ΧρισΤῷ The interpretation of the genitive as subjective implies that the believer should 'believe as Christ believed'. To participate in the 'Jesus-Sache'  thus means to become part of the church.
Jesus deur die oe van In Marxis: In gesprek met Milan Macovec
Authors: Denton Rudy , Van Aarde Andries
Published: June 2013

Jesus through the eyes of a Marxist: In conversation with Milan Machovec. Milan Machovec makes a contribution to  our knowledge of Jesus by looking at the evidence about him through a Marxist lens. In his book 'A Marxist looks at Jesus', he attemps to understand, from a positive, yet still Marxist viewpoint, the essence of Jesus' message. He makes a radical, unbridgeable distinction between the Jesus of history and the kerygmatic Christ, between what he calls the 'image of the man Jesus of Nazareth' and the 'dogmatized image of Jesus Christ'. Machovec represents a Marxism that is somehow 'different'. He insists that genuine Marxist atheism is not a counter-dogma, not simply atheism turned upside down, but a matter of critical method.
Revisiting Matthew's Communities
Authors: Stanton Graham N.
Published: June 2013

The article elaborates upon issues raised in the author's 1992 book, 'A 'Gospel for a New People: Studies in Matthew'. These issues concern the relationship of the first recipients of Matthew's gospel to local Jewish communities and the features of the internal life of the communities for which Matthew wrote. In the light of the complexity of reconstructing the social setting of Matthew's gospel, the article aims at locating it in the broadest possible context within early Judaism and  early Christianity.
The Anglo-American Paradigm: Lost and Found in Current Theology
Authors: Stone Jerome A.
Published: June 2013

The main Western paradigm involves: 1) dichotomous thinking, 2) valuing abstraction qnd stability, 3) the quest for certainty, 4) search for foundations and proper method, and 5) a precise language. Postmodernism often favors the mirror images of these five. There is a third approach in marry Anglo-American writers which involves neither alternatives. This article analyzes four contemporary theologians, two of whom, Mark C Taylor and George Lindbeck, are rooted in the newer tradition and two, Phil Hefner and Delwin Brown, in the Anglo-American. This essay may be considered a plea to avoid the traditional-postmodern dichotomy.
Die historiese ondersoek na Jesus van Nasaret in perspektief
Authors: Van Aarde Andries
Published: June 2013

Historical Jesus research in perspective. The quest for the historical Jesus has been a vitally central topic in New Testament scholarship. The article aims at explaining to non-scholars some of the premisses and methods of this historical critical enterprise. Issues concerning the question about who the 'real' Jesus is, the relevance of the quest seen from the angles of both the church and the university, the nature of historical inquiry and criteria applied in historical Jesus research, and the resurrection and the virginal conception are discussed. The article is written from the assumption that the Jesus who matters is both the Jesus of history and the Jesus of faith. It is shown that historical investigation reveals trajectories respectively with regard to reports about the resurrection and the virgininal conception of Jesus in the New Testament and with regard to creedal statements.
Die prediking oor die eindoordeel
Authors: Van Wyk I. W.C.
Published: June 2013

Preaching on the last judgement.This article deplores the fact that the theologumenon 'last judgement' has become a museum piece. It seeks to stimulate a new debate on this topic. The author is convinced that this theologumenon is a central topic of the Jewish-Christian" religion and should therefore be actualised in such a way that it again can become part of the living faith of the church. The author enters into discussion with Moltmann about God's actions in this world, with Pannenberg about the criterion of the judgement and with Kung about eternal punishment.
Christelike norme en waardes in onderwys en opleiding
Authors: Van Wyk Wouter C.
Published: June 2013

This article investigates the way Christian norms and values can be realised in the context of education and training. The article starts with a survey of the ways in which, in the previous political dispensation, Christian norms and values were incorporated in career training, in tertiary education and in the programmes of primary and secondary schools. Education and training, however, now have to operate in a new environment, which will be greatly determined by the Bill of Human Rights in the new constitution, the Reconstruction and Development Plan and the White Paper on Education and Training. After examining the implications of this new environment the article concludes by identifying opportunities for actively furthering Christian norms and values within the new environment of education and training in South Africa.
Are there Jews and Christians in the Bible?
Authors: Pilch John J.
Published: June 2013

The article shows that it is anachronistic to speak of either 'Christians' or 'Jews' in the biblical period. In the New Testament both 'Words are used pejoratively by outsiders. However, it became appropriate to speak of 'Jews' when referring to the period of Rabbinic Judaism onwards, and of 'Christians' since the christological debates of the fourth century C E. 'Israel' was the in-group name during the Second Temple period. Outsiders, like the Romans, called the entire land 'Judea' and all its inhabitants 'Judeans'. Members of the 'house of Israel' called all outsiders 'non-Israel' or 'the nations'. The article concludes with a discussion of the ancient point of view of labeling persons.
The poor in the Epistle of James and the Gospel of Thomas
Authors: Hartin Patrick J.
Published: June 2013

This study explores similarities in the thought world of the Epistle of James and the Gospel of Thomas. Particular attention is devoted to the role that the 'poor' and 'poverty' play in both documents. For the Epistle of James it is 'the poor in the world that God has chosen to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom' (Ja 2:5).  In a similar vein, in the Gospel of Thomas the kingdom is promised to those who have embraced the poverty of a radical life-style: 'Blessed are the poor, for yours is the kingdom of heaven' (GTh 54). This outlook betrays a basic ethos adopted toward the world. In both the Epistle of James and the Gospel of Thomas the relationship to the world ultimately determines one's relationship to the kingdom or to God. For the Epistle of James the very definition of religion demands that one keep 'oneself unstained from  the world' (Ja 1 :27) and that 'friendship with the world' is enmity with God (Ja 4:4). For the Gospel of Thomas the rejection of the world involves a radical ethos that embraces an intinerant life ('Be passersby' [GTh 42J), which includes a rejection of wealth (GTh 63).'If you do not abstain from the world, you will not find the kingdom' (GTh 27). It is argued that the Gospel of Thomas and the Epistle of James reflect traditional sayings that endorse a similar ethos of radical discipleship.
The relation between 1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians and the inauthenticity of 2 Thessalonians
Authors: Verhoef Eduard
Published: June 2013

The relation between 1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians is a disputed question. Many scholars argue that 2 Thessalonians is pseudepigraphic, written one or more decades after 1 Thessalonians.  Others defend the authenticity of 2 Thessalonians. Wanamaker argues in his recent commentary that 2 Thessalonians was written before 1 Thessalonians. In this way the problems raised by the complicated relation between the two letters would be solved. Wanamaker argues that Timothy on his visit to Thessalonica (1  Thes 3:1-5) brought the letter we call 2 Thessalonians. Lecompte argues that Silas wrote 1 Thessalonians and that Paul himself is the author of 2 Thessalonians, so he could correct the misunderstandings caused by Silas's writing. Or perhaps Silas did not exactly write what Paul had agreed with his co-workers. I will argue in this article that the arguments used by Wanamaker and Lecompte are invalid for grammatical reasons. The great resemblance between 1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians in spite of these different opinions, is best explained if we see 2 Thessalonians as a pseudepigraphic epistle.
Alttestamentliche Voraussetzungen fur das Verstandnis des Bundesmotivs im Neuen Testament Teil 2: Forschungsgeschichtlicher Oberblick, Fazit und Ausblick 1
Authors: Grabe Petrus J.
Published: June 2013

The Old Testament background for understanding the covenant motif in the New Testament - Part 2: Overview of the history of research and conclusion In this article an overview is given of the function of the concept 'covenant' as it is employed in a number of prominent Old Testament theologies in the post-Eichrodt period, namely that of Von Rad, Zimmerli, Clements, and Westermann. The important contribution by Lothar Perlitt, as well as the recent publication by Rendtorff on the covenant formula is also discussed. Despite certain points of criticism which can be levelled against their comparison between the notion of covenant in the Old Testament and that found in Ancient Near Eastern treaties, the important research of Baltzer and Mendenhall still needs to be considered seriously. Before a conclusion is drawn, the reader is pointed to the importance of the promise of a new covenant within the context of the Old Testament.
From Quantum theory to Quantum theology: A leap of faith
Authors: Basson M. M.J. , Koekemoer J. H.
Published: June 2013

This article is aimed at introducing multi valued logic as an epistemic model for theological thought within the  reformational-dialectic paradigm. Nowadays, reformational-dialectic theology is challenged by postmodem culture, interreligious exposure and scientific discoveries, which subsequently lead to new and unaccounted world-views. As a result, an epistemological shift based on an expanded rationality is called for. It is in this regard that multivalued-logic emerges as an epistemic model specifically developed to accommodate diversity, uncertainty and probability as well as, to restore hope and faith in the hearts of millions.
Die verskynsel van die eenheid-verskeidenheid van die kerk: In gesprek met Calvyn
Authors: Botma A. , Koekemoer J. H.
Published: June 2013

The phenomenon of the unity-diversity of the church: A conversation with Calvin This article engages' in a critical dialogue with Calvin's conception of the unity-diversity of the church. Calvin, by understanding faith as the believer's personal relationship with God, stresses the dynamic character of the church. Concerning unity and diversity, Calvin held the view that there is only one Christ. Calvin distinguished between fundamental and secondary truths. In Calvin's view the redemption in Christ is reported monotonously in the New Testament. Contrary to Calvin the article shows that there are diverse interpretations of the Jesus-'Sache' in' the New Testament itself. However, in appreciation of Calvin, it is argued that he - because of the dynamic structure of the church - did not insist on one visible form of organisation for the church.
Van der leeuw en Noordmans oor Teologie: Abstract Godsdienswetenskaplike agtergronde van die gesprek
Authors: Geyser A. , Van der Merwe P. J.
Published: June 2013

Van der Leeuw and Noordmans on theology: Religious-scientific backgrounds on the conversation. In this theological-historical study the question arises on the value of religious studies for theology. An outline - mainly of Prof G van der Leeuw's and Dr 0 Noordmans's views - is given in the article, and the following arguments are highlighted: the effect of Van der Leeuw's phenomenological background on his thought regarding the praxis of the church, especially the liturgy; the dialogue between Van der Leeuw and Noordmans, and the effect of this conversation on the theories as well as the practical implications thereof. A position midway between these two may be utilised for liturgical renovation.
Early Hebrew education and its significance for present-day educational theory and practice
Authors: Schoeman S.
Published: June 2013

Early Hebrew education and its significance for present-day educational theory and practice The history of education in antiquity is not without relevance to present-day educational theory and practice. The focus in this article is on the early Hebrews and their education. A study of early Hebrew education may in itself not provide solutions to current educational problems, but it may be useful in offering new perspectives, encouragement and suggestions for a juture South African educational dispensation.
God's servant working for your own good: Notes from modern South Africa on Calvin's commentary on Romans 13: 1-7 and the state
Authors: Strauss P. J.
Published: June 2013

This article aims at demonstrating that Calvin's grasp of the message of Romans 13 in its reference to the state is highly relevant for the present South Africa. This includes the belief that the authority of rulers is ordained by God, be it that of a just or an unjust government, and that their right to govern should therefore be respected; that government should maintain a public order of justice and peace within which people can serve God in all spheres of life; that state authorities should use the sword and even the death penalty when needed, and not shy away from this God-given responsibility; that a society in which crime threatens to create chaos needs stronger measures of punishment; and that rebellion against the government or disruption of public life should be resorted to only as an ultimate means and when carefully considered as in the general interest.
Grieks vir Nuwe Testament: In Nuwe paradigma aan Suid-Afrikaanse universiteite vir die onderrig van Grieks met die oog op teologie
Authors: Van Rensburg Fika J. , Stander Hendrik F.
Published: June 2013

Greek for the New Testament: A new paradigm at South African Universities for the teaching of Greek for Theology. The faculty members of the departments of Greek and New Testament of a number of South African Universities have since 1995 been involved in discussions on the teaching of Greek to students who want to study Theology. This article is an updated version of the memorandum the two authors tabled for the discussion. The memorandum was discussed in 1996, and during the 1997 meeting it was finished. The article gives an overview of the consensus achieved. First an analysis of the present situation is given (2), on the grounds of which the need for a change in approach is motivated (3).  Then the outcomes for the teaching of Greek are discussed (4). Appropriote methods of learning and teaching are proposed (5) as well as methods of evaluation (6). It is also argued that the Universities have the obligation to provide Greek scholars for the future (7). The article closes with a plea for closer co-operation between Greek and New Testament departnents Ilt South African Universities (8).
'n Kennissosiologiese benadering tot die dag van die Here in 2 Petrus
Authors: Malan Gert , Van Aarde Andies
Published: June 2013

The day of the Lord in 2 Peter from the perspective of the sociologyof knowledge. The concept the day of the Lord in 2 Peter is, as a mythological expression, an example of analogical language. However, the meaning of this mytheme is not clear to modern people who do not share the mythological world-view of the author of 2 Peter. Although the historical roots ofthe day of the Lord has been thoroughly researched, the aspect of analogical language has not received much attention. The meaning of the day of the Lord needs to be explored with the aid of a method which has the capacity to probe the meaning of analogical language. The sociology of knowledge offers such a method, especially with its potenial to analyse symbolic universes. This article is an atempt at applying the sociology of knowledge to the day of the Lord in 2 Peter in order to render itsmeaning for modern readers.
Pastorale interaksie met vroue - gesien vanuit die beelde wat vir God gebruik word
Authors: Dreyer Yolanda
Published: June 2013

Pastoral care and counseling with women: God-images and theidentity of women. The focus of this article is on women in the pastoral care situation. Rather than the revolutionary approach of liberation theology, a choice is made here for a process of conscientisation. Consciousness should be raised concerning the harm that has come to women on account of the dominant male perspective. A correlaion is drawn between a conception of Scripture, God-images (King/Lord, Father, Friend, Mother) and the identity of women. The article concludes with an orientation of church and society within a postmodern paradigm toward an authentic life for women before God.
Are the least included in the kingdom of heaven? The meaning of Matthew 5:19
Authors: Sim David C.
Published: June 2013

According to the normative interpretation of Matthew 5:19, this logion specifies that a stict hierarchy will exist in the consummated kingdom of God based upon observance of the Jewish law. The highest place in the kingdom is reserved for those Christians who uphold the law, while those who break or relax the law will find themselves at a lower level. Matthew 5:19 therefore makes the important point that even law-free or Pauline Chisians would not be rejected from the kingdom. This study challenges this interpretaion of Matthew 5:19 by arguing that it is appropiate neither for the Chistian Jews who created it nor for the evangelist. Both Matthew and his Chistian Jewish predecessors were highly citical cf Paul and his gospel, and they expected law-free Chisians to face eternal punishment. In the light of it is, Matthew 5:19 must be taken as a reference to the exclusion of these Chistians from the kingdom.
A historical Jesus hallucinating during his initial spirit-possession experience: A response to Stevan Da vies' interpretation of Jesus' baptism by John
Authors: Strijdom Johan
Published: June 2013

Taking Albert Schweitzer's threefold criticism of psychological readings of the historical Jesus as point of departure, Davies' analysis of Jesus' baptism is critically assessed in terms of (1) his database of sources, (2) his arguments for authenticity, and (3) his psychological explanation of this crucial event in Jesus' life. The article insists, in conclusion, that Davies, psychological analysis should be supplemented with a consideration of social values if we wish to understand the historical Jesus better.
Jesus' kingdom parables as metaphorical stories: A challenge to a conventional worldview
Authors: Reinstorf Dieter , Van Aarde Andries
Published: June 2013

Jesus' parables are to be read as metaphorical stories. Parable as metaphor demands that the parable remains open-ended and polyvalent, with the reader always involved in a participatory role. This article aims at showing that Jesus' kingdom parables are of a diaphoric, nature challenging the conventional worldview. It focuses on the parable 'A Man Had Two Sons' (Lk 15:11-22). This parable is interpreted from the Lucan perspective. It shows how the mytheme of the 'two-sons stories' is used as a tensive symbol in order to establish the Lucan notion of the all-inclusiveness of God's kingdom.
Satanisme gesien vanuit 'n pastorale perspektief
Authors: Bevolo-Manders J. M.
Published: June 2013

Satanism seen from the perspective of pastoral counselling. Based on observations of Satanism and exorcism, the article suggests that pastors are confronted with two world views which are in conflict with one another: the mythological world view of the New Testament and the modern world view. The article explores the consequences of these conflicting worla views for ministers counselling individuals caught up in the practices of satanism.