bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profile of patients referred for lung transplant and their transplant-free survival
Authors: Rathi Vidushi , Tiwari Pawan , Seth Sandeep , Hadda Vijay , Madan Karan , Agarwal Shubham , Vij Arti , Hote Milind , Sahu Manoj , Mittal Saurabh , Guleria Randeep , Pandey Shivam , Pandey Ravindra M. , Mohan Anant
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Lung transplant (LTx) is a potential treatment option for all patients with chronic, end-stage respiratory disease, who are refractory to optimal medical therapy or where no medical therapy exists. In India, LTx is still in its evolving stages and published literature is sparse. The current study was carried out to study the selection criteria for lung transplant and to evaluate the clinical and socio-economic profile of patients referred for the same at a tertiary health care facility.

Methods:

The study was a descriptive, prospective, observational study. All adults referred for lung transplant were evaluated for clinical and laboratory profiles. All enrolled patients were assessed for presence of referral criteria, listing criteria, contraindications, and willingness for lung transplant. These patients were followed up for 2 years for transplant-free survival, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine independent predictors of all-cause mortality.

Results:

A total of 103 were included in study. The most common diagnosis was interstitial lung disease (57.2%), followed by bronchiectasis (17.5%) and COPD (13.6%). Most patients were referred for LTx at an advanced stage as 90% met listing criteria. Fifty-four (52.4%) patients had an absolute or relative contraindication to transplant; however, the majority of those contraindications were modifiable. Patients with a lower socio-economic status were less likely to be willing for LTx. The median survival was 757 days. A 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) lesser than 250 m was found to be an independent predictor of mortality.

Conclusion:

Making patients aware about lung transplant early in their treatment may give them sufficient time to come to terms with their disease and understand the risk and benefits associated. Efforts should be focused on screening and early treatment of reversible contraindications for the eligible patients. Patients with 6MWD < 250 m are at increased risk of mortality.
Prevalence of co-morbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Thorve Swapnil Manaji , Yadav Manish , Kamath Anjali Arvind , Nair Jairaj Parmeswaran
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

The coexistence of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) poses a complex and challenging clinical scenario, commonly referred to as comorbid insomnia and OSA (COMISA). The bidirectional relationship between these two sleep disorders is explored, illuminating how the presence of one can exacerbate the severity and manifestations of the other. We under took this study to understand the prevalence of COMISA in Indians which is never studied.

Aim:

To study the prevalence of COMISA in tertiary hospital in India.

Methods:

All OSA patients diagnosed with polysomnography were interviewed with insomnia severity index. Patients having score of more than 15 were considered to have insomnia. Demographic factors, clinical and physical examination and polysomnography values were noted.

Results:

25% of 64 patients were diagnosed to have COMISA. Female gender, BMI, and STOP BANG score had positive association with COMISA, whereas age was not associated with increased risk.

Conclusion:

COMISA can be more complex to diagnose and manage than insomnia or OSA alone. The symptoms and mechanisms of each condition have synergistic effect and is a barrier to treating COMISA.
Evaluation of Apo A IV and Haptoglobin as Potential CSF Markers in Patients with Guillain-Barre´ Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tiwari Rajlaxmi , Saharia Gautom K , Bhoi Sanjeev K , Mangaraj Manaswini
Published: July 2024

Background:

Brain- and blood-derived protein analysis in the cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) in various studies performed abroad found that some proteins and their isoforms were altered significantly in Guillain-Barre´ syndrome (GBS) patients in comparison to controls. However, data are lacking in India with respect to the blood- or brain-derived proteins in patients of GBS.

Objective:

This study aimed to identify the role of apolipoprotein A IV (Apo A IV) and haptoglobin as potential protein markers in CSF of patients with GBS in our population.

Materials and Methods:

The study comprised 28 participants where 12 confirmed cases of GBS and 16 control subjects admitted for non-infectious neurological disorders were recruited after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. CSF glucose, protein, and adenosine deaminase were analyzed using an autoanalyzer. The concentrations of Apo A IV and haptoglobin were estimated with enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) kits.

Results:

The CSF protein concentrations of cases were higher as compared to controls. The concentrations of haptoglobin and Apo A IV were higher in the confirmed cases of GBS as compared to the control subjects, and this difference was found to be significant. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for haptoglobin revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.867 (95% CI: 0.732–1.001), with a sensitivity of 83.8% and a specificity of 63.3%. The AUC for Apo A IV was 0.883 (95% CI: 0.758–1.009), with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 73.3%.

Conclusions:

Haptoglobin along with Apo A IV can emerge as a potential biochemical marker in CSF for the diagnosis of GBS.
Clinicopathological Features of Amyloid Neuropathy: A Four Decade Experience
Authors: Unchagi Asha , Rao Shilpa , Nagappa Madhu , Nandeesh Bevinahalli N. , Yasha Thagadur Chickabasavaiah , Taly Arun B , Mahadevan Anita
Published: July 2024

Background:

Peripheral neuropathy is one of the manifestations of primary or familial amyloidosis. Published studies from India are limited.

Materials and Methods:

We reviewed the clinical and pathological features of amyloid neuropathy diagnosed at our Institute over the last 39 years.

Results:

Fifty-five cases of amyloid neuropathies were diagnosed between 1981 and 2019, constituting 0.28% of peripheral nerve biopsies (55/19,081). Age at presentation ranged from 24 to 81 years (mean—48 years) with male preponderance [M:F = 3.58:1]. Duration of symptoms at presentation varied from 3 months to 10 years (mean—2.31 years). Majority presented with small fiber neuropathy (85%). Pure sensory symptoms predominated in 23%, while 72% had sensorimotor neuropathy and 35.8% had autonomic involvement, with isolated autonomic failure in one patient. Amyloid neuropathy was clinically suspected in 22.6% of nonfamilial cases. Familial amyloid neuropathy was suspected in eight patients. Genetic testing detected ATTR and gelsolin mutation in one each of tested patients. Nerve biopsies revealed characteristic birefringent amyloid deposits stained mahogany brown by Congo red predominantly surrounding endoneurial microvessels (34.5%), also in perineurium and epineurium in 25.45% cases. Preferential loss of small diameter myelinated fibers was noted. Axonal degeneration or regeneration was conspicuously absent.

Conclusion:

Amyloid neuropathy is uncommon (0.28% of nerve biopsies in our series). Nerve biopsy is essential for the diagnosis. We report our experience of amyloid neuropathy and underscore the importance of making an assiduous search for amyloid deposits in the appropriate setting. Awareness of this entity is important for early diagnosis in the light of emerging therapeutic advances.
Two-Point Discrimination for Upper Extremity and Face in Healthy Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Seyyar Gulce Kallem , Aras Ozgen , Aras Bahar , Turkmen Utku
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim:

The threshold values of two-point discrimination (TPD) provide a numerical measure of tactile acuity. Normal reference values are needed to decide whether sensory variability is within normal sensorial limits. The study aimed to determine the upper extremity and face threshold values in healthy young adults.

Materials and Methods:

Static TPD thresholds of 67 healthy young adults aged 18–35 years were assessed. Eight skin areas in the face and upper extremity on the dominant side were assessed using a “method of limits” approach with an aesthesiometer. Differences between genders were examined with the Mann–Whitney U test. The Spearman correlation analysis investigated the relationship between age and TPD measurements.

Results:

TPD values ranged between 4.66 and 19.16 mm and 1.33-68.66 mm in the face and upper extremity, respectively, in the participants with a mean age of 23.83 ± 4.66 years. Fingertips and the area over the lateral mandibula showed the greatest sensitivity. The threshold values of TPD showed both interindividual and intraindividual variability. There was no statistical difference in the TPD values according to gender in any of the measured areas, and there was no relationship between age and TPD test values.

Conclusions:

The threshold values of TPD have clinical applicability in various diseases affecting the sensation of the upper extremity and/or face. These data may help the detection of early sensory loss.
Incidence of Rebleed Following Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Drainage in Poor Grade Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Sawarkar Dattaraj P. , Singh Pankaj K. , Nandish HS , Sharma Rajeev , Kedia Shweta , Meena Rajesh , Kumar Rajinder
Published: July 2024

Background:

The outcome of poor grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is dismal. Some of these patients need cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage procedure for the hydrocephalus and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) which may precipitate rebleeding. However, aneurysmal rebleed following CSF drainage procedure is controversial.

Objective:

Our study aimed at analyzing the effect of CSF drainage procedure on aneurysmal rebleeding.

Material and Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed the records of all the consecutive patients diagnosed with poor grade aneurysmal SAH over three year period. Patients initially requiring either external ventricular drainage (EVD) or lumbar drain (LD) were included in the study group, and the rest (not requiring drainage) were included in the control group. Rebleeding was confirmed on computed tomography. The factors affecting rebleeding were analyzed.

Results:

Overall 194 patients with poor grade SAH were enrolled in the study (91 males: 103 females; mean age: 50.6 years). The study group had 91 patients (83 EVD and 8 LD) while 103 patients were in the control group. Posterior circulation aneurysms, poor grade SAH, hydrocephalus, and IVH were more common in the study group P < 0.001. The rebleeding rate was 7.6% in the study group and 8.7% in the control group. On univariate analysis size >1 cm, multiplicity, multilobularity, vasospasm, and CSF drainage were significant risk factors for rebleeding (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis aneurysm size >1 cm, CSF overdrainage >250 ml/day were significantly associated with risk of rebleeding.

Conclusion:

Ventricular drainage is essential to relieve acute hydrocephalus and drain IVH in SAH and we found no significant association between CSF drainage and rebleeding. However, rapid overdrainage of CSF can lead to aneurysm rupture, hence controlled controlled CSF drainage should be undertaken.
Comparison of Change in the Pulsatility Index before and after Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery in Adult Patients with Hydrocephalus
Authors: Deepak G. P. , Pandia Mihir Prakash , Dube Surya Kumar
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim:

In hydrocephalus patients, after ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, decrease in pulsatility index (PI) correlates with decrease in ventricle size. Also, increase in PI is noted in obstructed or malfunctioning VP shunts. However, previous studies were either done in infants and children or included patients of all age groups. Our aim was to compare PI before and after successful VP shunt surgery in adult patients and also the trend of transcranial Doppler (TCD) parameters for 3 days after surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, observational study was done in 20 adult patients undergoing VP shunt. Clinical features, vitals, Evans index, and TCD parameters were noted in the preoperative period. A computed tomography (CT) head was repeated 4–6 h after surgery, and the position of ventricular end of shunt was confirmed and Evans index was calculated. The vitals and TCD parameters were noted at same time and for the next 2 days. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test were uses for statistical analysis.

Results:

A total of 18 patients were included for statistical analysis. The mean preoperative PI was 1.19 ± 0.24 and the postoperative PI after surgery was 0.97 ± 0.17, 0.97 ± 0.23, and 0.94 ± 0.21 (P = 0.0039) on postoperative day (POD) 1 (POD1), POD2, and POD3, respectively. The mean preoperative value of Evans index was 0.37 ± 0.06 and there was statistically significant (P = < 0.001) reduction to 0.33 ± 0.07 after VP shunt surgery. The change in PI and change in Evans index were found to be positively correlated (r = 0.34 and P = 0.0013).

Conclusions:

The decrease in PI after VP shunt surgery correlates with decrease in ventricular size. Any increase in PI in the postoperative period should raise the suspicion of malfunctioning of VP shunt.
An Incidental Study of the Effects of COVID-19 Lockdowns on the Muscle Strength of Patients with Postpolio Syndrome: Do These Patients Need a Break?
Authors: Tanigor Goksel , Cinar Ece , Darilgen Atinc , Kancay Mustafa Sedat , On Arzu Yagiz
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

This study was designed before the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, to assess the annual changes in muscle strength in relatively young Turkish people with postpolio syndrome (PPS). After we completed the baseline measurements, the COVID-19 pandemic emerged and lockdowns followed right after. Thus, the purpose of the study turned to how these lockdowns, which induced a sedentary lifestyle, have affected muscle strength in participants with PPS compared to healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:

This study included 49 hip joints (21 PPS vs. 28 healthy controls) and 51 knee joints (23 PPS vs. 28 healthy controls). Concentric isokinetic testing of bilateral hip and knee muscles was performed in all participants with PPS and controls just before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The measurements were repeated after 1 year of lockdowns.

Results:

Perceived physical activities were reported to be decreased by 35.9% and 32.2% in participants with PPS and controls, respectively. No significant changes were observed in muscle strengths, and these changes did not differ between PPS and healthy controls.

Conclusion:

This is the first and possibly the only study to show that the muscle strengths of participants with PPS did not change significantly during 1 year of physical restraints due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings may support the basic principle in the rehabilitation of participants with PPS, which includes conserving energy and avoiding the overuse of muscles. However, more data from studies with a larger number of participants and longer follow-ups, which will hopefully never happen again in a situation like this, are required to draw a conclusion.
The effect of Dracocephalum subcapitatum hydroalcoholic extract on dexamethasone-induced hyperlipidemic rats
Authors: Safaeian Leila , Yazdiniapour Zeinab , Hajibagher Sara , Bakhtiari Zohreh , Karimian Paridokht
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose:

Recent data show the antihyperlipidemic activities of some plants belonging to the genus Dracocephalum. In this study, the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of D. subcapitatum (O. Kuntze) Lipsky aerial parts were evaluated in a model of hyperlipidemia induced by dexamethasone.

Experimental approach:

The extract was prepared by maceration method and its total phenolic content was determined. Seven groups of 6 Wistar rats were used as follows: group 1 (normal control) received vehicle; group 2 (extract control) treated only with 200 mg/kg D. subcapitatum; group 3 (hyperlipidemia control) received dexamethasone (10 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously); group 4 (reference) received dexamethasone and atorvastatin (40 mg/kg, orally), and groups 5-7 (test groups) received dexamethasone and simultaneously treated orally with 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg D. subcapitatum. All treatments were done for 1 week. Serum lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, malondialdehyde concentration, and liver histopathology were examined.

Findings/Results:

Total phenolic content was 77.34 ± 4.9 mg/g as gallic acid equivalent. Treatment with D. subcapitatum (200 mg/kg) meaningfully declined triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels, and alleviated hepatic steatosis in dexamethasone-induced dyslipidemic rats.

Conclusion and implications:

Findings of the current study suggest that D. subcapitatum may be effective in the management of hyperlipidemia. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical efficacy of this treatment and to understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for its ability to lower lipid levels.
The enhancement of M13 phage titration by optimizing the origin of replication
Authors: Darvishali Mohammad Hossein , Fadaie Mahmood , Khanahmad Hossein
Published: July 2024

Background and purpose:

M13KO7, a modified M13 phage variant, carries the p15A replication origin and Tn903 kanamycin resistance gene. This study aimed to optimize M13KO7's replication by substituting the p15A origin with the higher-copy pMB1 origin (500-700 copy numbers).

Experimental approach:

A 6431-nucleotide fragment from the M13KO7 plasmid lacking the p15A replication origin and kanamycin resistance gene was amplified using a long polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The modified M13AMB1 plasmid was created by adding adenine to the 3’ ends of this fragment and ligating it to the pMB1-containing fragment using T/A cloning. Afterward, to prepare the phage, pM13AMB1 was transformed into E. coli TG1 bacteria, and then, using the PEG-NaCl precipitation, the modified phage was propagated. The modified phage titer was determined utilizing the serial dilution and the qPCR methods, compared with the M13KO7 phage.

Findings/Results:

The results showed that in the serial dilution method, the titers of modified phage and M13KO7 phage were 4.8 × 1014 and 7 × 1012 pfu/mL, respectively. Besides, the phage titer calculated by the qPCR method for the modified phage was equal to 1.3 × 109 pfu/mL, whereas it was 4.08 × 108 pfu/mL for the M13KO7 phage.

Conclusion and implications:

This study provides evidence that replication origin replacement led to a significant increase in phage titers. It highlights the importance of replication optimization for molecular biology applications.
The enemy at the gate: Botulism
Authors: Taşkın Ömer , Akpınar Ayça Açıkalın
Published: July 2024

Botulism, caused by Clostridium botulinum, continues to pose a significant threat to public health. This review explores the historical context and contemporary relevance of botulism, emphasizing its potential lethality and evolving medical applications. In recent years, the use of botulinum toxin in medical procedures, particularly in cosmetic and therapeutic applications, has increased the risk of iatrogenic botulism. The rise in iatrogenic cases underscores the importance of vigilance among health-care providers, especially those in emergency departments, where prompt diagnosis and intervention are critical. This review underscores the necessity for health-care professionals to consider botulism in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with relevant symptoms, given the potential severity of the condition.
Assessment of Macular Thickness in Different Grades of Myopia: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Pooja H. V. , Devarmani Suman
Published: July 2024

Background:

Myopia is a condition related to the refractive error that causes visual disability. Due to its high prevalence, it can contribute to complicated cataracts and related conditions such as primary open-angle glaucoma. The risks of retinal detachment, chorioretinal atrophy, pigmentary degeneration, vitreous degeneration and retinal breaks may increase with an increase in axial length and severity of myopia, among other long-term effects of high myopia. The aim of this study was to assess the role of macular thickness and myopia in non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective, hospital-based observational study conducted for 18 months in a tertiary care centre in Karnataka. A total of 155 consecutive myopia patients aged ≥10 years attending the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology were included in the study. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows, version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago).

Result:

The participants aged from 10 to 75 years with a female preponderance of 60%. The mean age of participants is 31.95 yrs. The majority of the patients had mild myopia (91.6%), compared with moderate (5.8%) and high (2.6%) myopia. The mean value of best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.67 to 0.08 in high, 0.94 to 0.22 in mild and 0.71 to 0.26 in moderate myopia patients. The mean maximum retinal thickness was 472 micrometres, and the mean minimum retinal thickness was 178 micrometres.

Conclusion:

There is a high prevalence of mild myopia cases, especially at extremes of age. Myopia was more common among females. There was a significant difference among different classes of myopia with respect to uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity. The parafovea was thinner and the fovea thicker among myopia.
Prognostic analysis of endovascular treatment for acute lower limb ischemia in patients older than 80 years of age
Authors: Li Dazhi , Xiao Yu , Liu Qing , Xu Jinyan , Yuan Liangxi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Current treatment strategies for elderly patients with acute lower limb ischemia (ALLI) have no definitive effect, and studies have reported no definitive prognostic factors that reflect poor outcomes among patients with ALLI. Therefore, reliable clinical indicators that can accurately predict outcomes and guide the choice of treatment options are needed. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors among the elderly patients who underwent endovascular treatment for ALLI.

DESIGN:

Retrospective.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

From January 2011 to December 2020, 270 patients (281 limbs; 124 males; mean age: 84.8 years [range, 80–102 years]) underwent endovascular therapy for ALLI, including acute limb arterial embolism (191 limbs) and acute exacerbation of chronic ischemia (90 limbs). Factors identified through univariate analysis (P < 0.1) and other variables considered likely to have important prognostic value were tested in a logistic regression model for symptom improvement, major amputation, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the patients was 84.8 years, 54.1% were female, and hypertension (69.0%) was the most common coexisting disease. Patients in the acute group exhibited higher rates of atrial fibrillation (45.5% vs. 24.4%; P = 0.001) and chronic renal failure (15.2% vs. 6.7%; P = 0.044) than the acute-on-chronic group. The acute group exhibited significantly higher plasma D-dimer levels than the acute-on-chronic group (1.59 vs. 1.06; P < 0.001). In the acute group, 145 (75.9%) limbs had preacute Rutherford Classification (RC) of Grade I. In the acute-on-chronic group, 47 (52.2%) limbs had symptom duration of 7–14 days, and 84 (93.3%) limbs were diagnosed with arteriosclerosis obliterans. Most patients opted for antiplatelet therapy, particularly those in the acute-on-chronic group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that onset time, hypertension, white blood cell (WBC) count, and lesion nature were independent factors for postoperative symptom improvement, whereas hypertension, WBC count, and preacute RC grade were independent factors for amputation at 3 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:

WBC count was a major risk factor for postoperative symptom improvement and amputation within 3 months among elderly patients; the higher the WBC count, the higher the risk for amputation. In addition, among patients >80 years of age, early surgery could significantly improve the prognosis of ALLI, regardless of the procedure used to restore blood supply.
The Life Functioning Scale: A Measurement Tool Developed to Assess the Physical Functioning Abilities of Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50 Years or Older
Authors: Lee Yunhwan , Kim Eunsaem , Yun Jihye , Choi Jaewon , Kim Jinhee , Won Chang Won , Kim Miji , Jang Soongnang , Oh Kyungwon , Kim Jihee
Published: July 2024

Background: This study aimed to develop an instrument for assessing physical functioning among adults aged 50 years or older living in the community. Methods: Based on a review of various national health surveys and cohort studies, a 144-item bank was constructed for assessing physical functioning. Focus group interviews were conducted among adults aged 50 years or older to investigate their level of understanding of 60 selected items, followed by a pretest of the items on a nationally representative sample (n=508). The final 25-item questionnaire was tested on an independent sample (n=259) for validity and reliability based on classical test and item response theories. Predictive validity at the 6-month follow-up was tested in a separate sample (n=263). Results: The newly developed Life Functioning (LF) scale assessed the dimensions of functional limitations, disabilities, and social activities. The scale satisfied a one-dimensionality assumption with good item fit and demonstrated criterion validity, construct validity, high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.93), and test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient=0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.76–0.89). The LF scale comprised 25 items with a total score ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicated higher levels of functioning. The LF score was significantly associated with the Physical Functioning score at 6 months. Conclusion: The LF scale was developed to assess the physical functioning of people in their late midlife or older. Future studies should test the instrument on a national sample and evaluate its application in diverse population subgroups.
Correlation between Phase Angle and the Number of Medications in Older Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Moriyama Toshiyuki , Tokunaga Mizuki , Hori Ryoko , Hachisuka Akiko , Itoh Hideaki , Ochi Mitsuhiro , Matsushima Yasuyuki , Saeki Satoru
Published: July 2024

Background: Muscle weakness in older adults elevates mortality risk and impairs quality of life, with the phase angle (PhA) indicating cellular health. Polypharmacy, common in geriatric care, could influence PhA. This investigates whether the number of medications and polypharmacy with PhA as a biomarker of muscle quality in older inpatients aged ≥65 and determines the extent to which multiple medications contribute to the risk of reduced muscle quality. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed data from older inpatients requiring rehabilitation. PhA was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The number of medications taken by each patient was recorded at admission. Polypharmacy was defined as the concurrent use of five or more medications at admission. Results: In this study of 517 hospitalized older adults (median age 75 years; 47.4% men), 178 patients (34.4%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Polypharmacy was present in 66% of patients. The median PhA was 4.9° in men and 4.3° in women. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed separately for men and women. In men, PhA was negatively correlated with the number of medications (β=–0.104, p=0.041) and polypharmacy (β=–0.045, p=0.383). In women, PhA was negatively correlated with the number of medications (β=–0.119, p=0.026) and polypharmacy (β=–0.098, p=0.063). Analyses were adjusted for age, body mass index, sarcopenia, C-reactive protein, and hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: The number of medications at admission negatively impacted PhA in older inpatients, highlighting the importance of reviewing prescribed drugs and their interactions.
As técnicas de relaxamento no alívio e controlo da dor em pessoas adultas e idosas: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Silva Paulino Manuel do Nascimento
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: efetuar a análise e interpretação dos estudos publicados acerca da utilização das técnicas de relaxamento, para determinação da eficácia no alívio e controlo da dor em pessoas adultas e idosas. Desenho: revisão sistemática da literatura. Método: a pesquisa foi efetuada nas plataformas de bases de dados, EBSCO Host, B-ON, SAGE, SciELO e no acervo de teses e dissertações nacionais e internacionais de algumas bibliotecas universitárias. Resultados: foram considerados quatro estudos primários e duas revisões sistemáticas da literatura e, apesar das limitações neles detetadas, foi demonstrado que o Relaxamento Sistemático e o Relaxamento dos Maxilares são eficazes na redução e controlo da dor pós- operatória, em pacientes submetidos a intervenção cirúrgica abdominal. Conclusões: a maioria dos estudos apresentava deficiências metodológicas que limitaram a possibilidade de tirar conclusões sobre as intervenções efetuadas. Os estudos que vierem a ser realizados no futuro deverão explorar a eficácia: das técnicas de relaxamento na pessoa idosa; da aplicação do Relaxamento Sistemático, do Relaxamento dos Maxilares, do Relaxamento Muscular Progressivo e do Treino Autogénico, em situações de dor não operatória.
Countering Nazism rehabilitation and Fascist ideology formation: history lessons and modern realities
Authors: Козаев Н.Ш. , Рясов Д.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье исследуются ключевые аспекты Стратегии национальной безопасности России в контексте противодействия реабилитации нацизма и формированию фашистской идеологии. Предпринят анализ исторических факторов, обусловивших возникновение фашистской идеологии, а также основных мер по противодействию современным формам неофашизма. Сформулированы важные направления криминологического противодействия реабилитации нацизма и формированию нацистской идеологии.

The article considers key aspects of Russia’s National Security Strategy in the context of countering Nazism rehabilitation and fascist ideology formation. The authors analyze historical factors that led to the fascist ideology emergence, as well as the main measures to counteract modern forms of neo-fascism. The important directions of criminological counteraction to Nazism rehabilitation and Nazi ideology formation are formulated.
Illegal turnover of payment funds as an object of critical criminal law research
Authors: Простякова Д.П.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема квалификации неправомерного оборота средств платежей, предусмотренного ст. 187 УК РФ. Автором проанализированы данные из официальных источников, которые подтверждают существование рассматриваемого общественно опасного деяния. Кроме того, статистика демонстрирует многообразие способов совершения данного преступления. Для их четкого разграничения были рассмотрены нормативные правовые акты, проведен разбор элементов состава преступления, которые являются сложными для правильной квалификации преступного посягательства, предусмотренного ст. 187 УК РФ.

The article considers the problem of qualification of illegal turnover of payment funds provided for in Article 187 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author analyzes data from official sources that confirm the existence of the socially dangerous act in question. In addition, statistics demonstrate the variety of ways to commit this crime. Regulatory legal acts are considered to clearly distinguish them. The analysis of elements of the corpus delicti, which hinder correct qualification of a criminal offense provided for in Article 187 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, are carried out.
Problems of executing a judicial act in the field of protecting business reputation of legal entities
Authors: Кондратовская С.Н. , Власова М.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы исполнения судебного акта в сфере защиты деловой репутации, предлагаются пути их преодоления, анализируются положения действующего законодательства и сложившаяся судебная практика. Наблюдается тенденция невозможности установления субъекта распространения сведений, порочащих деловую репутацию юридического лица. В законодательстве Российской Федерации отсутствуют правовые нормы, регулирующие порядок направления судебного акта непосредственно в Роскомнадзор, а не в Федеральную службу судебных приставов. В этой связи истец ложно предполагает, что, получив судебный акт, он автоматически будет являться регулятором удаления недостоверных сведений в средствах массовой информации.

he article considers problems of execution of a judicial act in the field of protection of business reputation, analyzes provisions of current legislation and established judicial practice, and suggests ways to overcome them. There is a tendency to find it impossible to identify the subject of information dissemination discrediting the business reputation of a legal entity. There are no legal norms in the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating the procedure for sending a judicial act directly to Roskomnadzor, and not to the Federal Bailiff Service, respectively, the plaintiff falsely assumes that, having received a judicial act, he will automatically be a regulator for the removal of false information in the media.
Cavitation resistance of explosively welded aluminium/steel joint
Authors: Lazarević Miloš ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac, Serbia, Bajić Danica M. , Marinković Jelena , Alil Ana ,   Military Technical Institute, Belgrade, Serbia,   Military Technical Institute, Belgrade, Serbia,   University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: July 2024

Explosion welding is an unconventional method of joining two dissimilar metal materials, mostly used to clad dissimilar materials or when some unusual geometries need to be joined. Some of the bimetal joints obtained this way have applications in special cutting tools, transition joints, propellers and turbine blades, and therefore it is important to know the wear resistance of welded joints. In this research, explosive Demex, based on ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene, was used to weld plates of aluminium alloy AW-2024 and steel 1.0216. The welding procedure was carried out in the configuration of parallel plates. The quality of the welded joint was inspected on samples cut out from the welded plate by the method of microscopic analysis on the cross-section and by an ultrasonic cavitation test. Materials erosion in the zone of the welded joint after each of 4 cavitation cycles was observed using an optical microscope and by monitoring the mass loss. The wear resistance of the created bimetal was analysed from the aspects of further exploitation.
Review of the 3D bioprinting methods and materials applicable in 4D bioprinting
Authors: Rahman Masukur ,   Faculty of Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Prodhan Salman Al-hossain , Islam Rayhanul , Mahmud Ashik , Hossain Khan Rajib ,   Faculty of Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh,   Faculty of Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh,   Faculty of Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh,   Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
Published: July 2024

The advent of 4D bioprinting, a technique that integrates time dimensions into the conventional 3D method, substantially changed tissue engineering. By providing a time dimension to conventional 3D printing, the innovative process of 4D bioprinting is revolutionising tissue engineering. This development allows the creation of dynamic tissues, allowing structures to change and adapt over time to reflect the complexity of natural tissues. Specifically, shape memory polymers enable customised scaffold fabrication with improved mechanical strength and biomimicry for use in bone tissue engineering. An essential additional use for soft tissue regeneration is the development of injectable thermosensitive hydrogels that react to body temperature. Within asymmetrical defect regions, these hydrogels gel, offering a flexible cure for healing injured soft tissues. In addition to structural considerations, the potential applications of 4D bioprinting include organisms, vascularisation and dynamic disease models. Despite the advancements, issues like suitable biocompatibility and long-term stability still need to be resolved. However, by creating complex, adaptable and patient-specific designs in the realm of tissue engineering, 4D bioprinting has enormous potential to transform personalised medicine and regenerative therapies. This review provides a comprehensive investigation into the future of regenerative medicine by exploring the various uses and potentially revolutionary effects of 4D bioprinting in tissue engineering.
COMPARISON OF THE REMOTELY SENSED AND HYDROLOGICAL MODELA SOIL MOISTURE IN THE JIČINKA RIVER CATCHMENT IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Serbia, Đukić Vesna , Kovačević Ranka ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry, Serbia, Pavlović Dragutin ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Serbia
Published: July 2024

Understanding soil moisture conditions in a watershed is of great importance in terms of water use, water related hazard mitigation and water conservation. In this study the comparison between remotely sensed soil moisture and soil moisture estimated from the SHETRAN hydrological model was performed for the Jičinka River catchment (75.9 km2) in the Czech Republic. Due to a relatively coarse spatial resolution of the satellite-derived soil moisture data, the satellite soil moisture data were downscaled to the grid cell size of the SHETRAN model, according to the known soil hydraulic properties within the catchment. The good correlation between the remotely sensed and hydrological model soil moisture data was obtained. It was concluded that their joint use can contribute to obtaining more reliable and more precise information about changes in soil moisture within the catchment
ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF THE DANUBE IN SERBIA AS A FUNCTION OF THE OXYGEN REGIME
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, Serbia, Takić Ljiljana , Mladenović-Ranisavljević Ivana ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, Serbia, Živković Nenad ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Occupational Safety, Serbia, Stefanović Violeta ,   Faculty of Information Technology and Engineering, "Union – Nikola Tesla" University, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the change in the parameters of the oxygen regime in order to determine whether the deadlines for reaching the required class of the ecological status of the water quality of the Danube are being met. The values of the dissolved oxygen, COD and TOC parameters at six measuring points in 2015 correspond to class III and do not meet the required water quality, while the improvement of water quality to the required class II of ecological status is recorded at three measuring stations in 2021. The comparative analysis of the change in the value of the parameters of the oxygen regime shows a positive trend in the years of the given implementation deadlines, so it can be concluded that we are on the right track to achieve the required good status of the water quality of the Danube in Serbia
PERTIMBANGAN SOSIOLOGIS HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENOLAKAN PORNOGRAFI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kaprawi  , Kurniati  , Misbahuddin
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertimbangan sosiologis hukum Islam terhadap penolakan pornografi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemudahan akses tayangan pornografi di media sosial yang terus menerus dikonsumsi oleh individu dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kasus perzinahan, pemerkosaan, hingga pembunuhan, serta dampak negatif lainnya. Dalam perspektif hukum Islam, pornografi dilarang keras dan dianggap haram. Hal ini ditegaskan dalam Al-Qur'an surah al-Nur/24: 30-31 yang memerintahkan untuk menjaga kehormatan, serta surah al-Isra'/17: 32 yang melarang mendekati zina dan menetapkan hukuman bagi pelaku zina dalam surah al-Nur/24: 2. Pornografi dalam Islam dianggap setara dengan perbuatan zina berat. Kejahatan pornografi tidak diatur secara eksplisit dalam undang-undang, sehingga hukumnya diadopsi dari prinsip kias yang mengacu pada teks dan hukum yang sudah ada.
MERDEKA BELAJAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF KONSTRUKTIVESME DAN PROGREFISME SEKOLAH SERTA REALITAS SOSIAL
Authors: Yogi Alansyah Harahap  , Amril M
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to find out how constructivism, progressivism, and school reality influence responses to the idea of free learning. This type of research is qualitative and uses descriptive analysis and library study methods to gather data. Constructivism is a philosophical perspective that argues that knowledge is not something absolute and develops through interaction with others, communities, and environments. The theory of progressivism comes from John Dewe. Education must be socially oriented because students are seen as part of society. In the real world, school life is always changing, and so many complex processes are driving it. Therefore, schools can be seen as both static and dynamic parts of society.
FILSAFAT PENDIDIDIKAN ESENSIALISME DAN PERENIALISME
Authors: Rosyidan Yasir
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The philosophy known as essentialism advocates a return of humanity to ancient civilizations. According to their beliefs, humanity has benefited greatly from ancient culture. The Essentialist school of thought prioritizes not abandoning cultures that have survived for a long time. Essentialism and permanence have similar properties. During the 13th century AD, perennialism proudly recognized the success of the ideas and thoughts of ancient civilizations, including Greece and the Middle Ages. They believe that the ideas and concepts of these two eras are still valuable today. This approach uses a qualitative methodology, which involves the use of a 'literature research model that analyzes content from multiple sources and combines references. This study seeks to investigate the philosophical stance of essentialism and perennialism in relation to education.
 Keywords: Philosophy, Essentialism and Perenialism.
STRATEGI PENDIDIKAN SOSIAL PADA ANAK USIA DINI DALAM PERSFEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Raisa Nur Salum  , Nurul Liza Nasution
Published: July 2024

Pendidikan sosial bagi individu dalam Al-Quran sangatlah penting. Al-Quran tidak hanya memberikan ajaran spiritual, tetapi juga memberikan pedoman tentang bagaimana berinteraksi secara sosial dalam masyarakat. Terdapat banyak ayat dalam Al-Quran yang menggarisbawahi nilai-nilai sosial, seperti kesetaraan, keadilan, kasih sayang, dan tanggung jawab sosial. Secara keseluruhan, Al-Quran memberikan landasan yang kuat bagi pendidikan sosial bagi individu. Al-Quran menekankan pentingnya menjaga hubungan yang baik dengan orang lain, baik dalam keluarga maupun dalam masyaraka, misalnya pada adalah Q.S At-Taubah: 71, Q.S Al-Ma’idah: 2, Q.S An-Nisa:114, Q.S Al-Hujurat: 13. Oleh karena itu, metode yang digunakan pada penulisan ini adalah penelitian bahan pustaka atau library research, di mana buku, tafsir, dan jurnal yang mendukung.
Indeks Literasi Digital Mahasiswa Program Studi Komunikasi Dan Penyiaran Islam STAIN Majene Angkatan 2019 - 2021
Authors: Satriani
Published: July 2024

Media di era teknologi telah mengalami perkembangan signifikan hingga dikalangan pendidikan terdapat ketidak seimbangan dalam pengetahuan, dimana para pengguna media saat ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh efek media yang membawa perubahan dalam aspek sosial, pengetahuan dan tingkah laku.Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Indeks Kemampuan Literasi Digital Program Studi Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam STAIN Majene Angkatan 2019-2021. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel penelitian yang digunakan sebanyak 110 dari 151 populasi, kemudian peneliti menyebarkan angket menggunakan Google Form  terhadap mahasiswa Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam STAIN Majene  Angkatan 2019-2021. Pengukuran indeks literasi digital dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendapat A Global Framework of Reference on Digital Literacy Skills, yang terdapat 4 variabel diantaranya informasi dan literasi data, komunikasi dan kolaborasi, keamanan, kemampuan dan etika teknologi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa indeks literasi digital mahasiswa Program Studi Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam STAIN Majene Angkatan 2019-2021 berdasarkan skor nilai dari keseluruhan variabel yang dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus Grean Mean yaitu sebesar 3,90 termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, karena berada diantara interval 3,5-4,2 artinya indeks literasi digital mahasiswa Program Studi Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam STAIN Majene Angkatan 2019-2021 termasuk kedalam kategori baik atau dapat dikatakan tinggi.
Implementasi Sharia Complaince dalam Platform Crowdfunding Syariah bagi UMKM Studi Kasus: PT Shafiq Digital Indonesia
Authors: Dontes putra
Published: July 2024

Salah satu inovasi dalam mengembangkan bisnis dan ekonomi saat ini berkembang Fintech (Financial Technology) yang dapat memudahkan segala jenis transaksi jual-beli, investasi maupun pengumpulan dana. Dampak dari perkembangan Fintech yaitu munculnya Crowdfunding di jejaring internet. Terbitnya fatwa DSN-MUI No:117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 Tentang Layanan Pembiayaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah, adalah produk hukum yang sesuai penerapan hukum Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat kepatuhan syariah (Sharia Complaince) dalam platform crowdfunding pada PT Shafiq Digital Indonesia. penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang sumber datanya di dapatkan dari hasil wawancara dan dari jurnal, buku, website serta sumber rujukan yang terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa dalam implementasinya, perlu penggunaan mekanisme Crowdfunding yang sesuai aturan dan syariat Islam agar terbebas dari unsur maghrib (maysir, gharar, riba). Dalam Crowdfunding syariah, prinsip-prinsip syariah yang berlaku diterapkan dalam prosesnya, dan tidak ada bunga atau hal-hal lain yang terkait dengan riba yang digunakan dalam kontrak transaksi, melainkan sistem bagi hasil. Pada dalam platform crowdfunding PT Shafiq Digital Indonesia dalam menjalankan operasional menggunakan akad-akad sebagai berikut: 1) Saham (Musyarakah Musahamah). 2) Sukuk Mudharabah Musytarakah, dan 3) Sukuk Mudharabah Musytarakah. Bagi UMKM Kehadiran SCF Syariah dirancang untuk menjadi Solusi Akses Permodalan UMKM. Maka membantu pertumbuhan UMKM di Indonesia, sehingga ikut serta mendukung penguatan pondasi perekonomian nasional Indonesia. UMKM yang telah terbukti dalam penguatan pilar ekonomi dan industri halal di Indonesia.