bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksplorasi dimensi spiritual dalam praktik pelaporan akuntansi sosial dan lingkungan di Bali
Authors: Maradona Agus Fredy
Published: February 2020

Social and environmental accounting has attracted growing attention from companies in Indonesia as these companies face an increasing pressure to report their social and environmental responsibilities to the public. Despite this trend, however, Indonesia lacks a social and environmental reporting model that is relevant to its business environment, i.e., a model that incorporates the spiritual dimension, and not merely the economics, social, and environmental dimensions. The main aim of this study was to explore the spiritual dimension of the social and environmental reporting practices of a tourism company in Bali. The exploration was based on Tri Hita Karana, a local societal value held by the people of Bali. This study employed a two-phase research approach, where the first phase focused on exploring the social and environmental reporting practices of the company, while the second phase centered on refining and assessing the applicability of this reporting model in other companies. The results of this study show that the appropriate model of social and environmental accounting for Indonesian companies should consist of four dimensions: economic, environmental, social, and spiritual. Among these dimensions, the implementation of the spiritual dimension in social and environmental accounting faces the greatest challenges.
Pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa
Authors: Nasution Nurhidayah , Rahayu Rizcka Fatya , Yazid Siti Tami Maspupah , Amalia Destari
Published: February 2020

Kemandirian belajar diperlukan dalam proses pendidikan, agar tercapai tujuan pembelajaran yang menekankan siswa aktif dalam mengembangkan potensinya. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa dapat mengontrol sendiri berbagai cara belajar yang perlu ditempuh untuk mencapai hasil prestasi belajar sesuai dengan keinginannya. Dalam rangka membantu peserta didik meningkatkan hasil belajar, proses pembelajaran perlu diusahakan agar interaktif, inspiratif, inovatif, memotivasi peserta didik berpartisipasi aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemandirian belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar siswa menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan angket kuesioner untuk pengumpulan datanya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di MTs Darul Ihsan Cibungbulang dengan populasi target (sampling frame) yang berjumlah 42 siswa. Penyajian analisis deskriptif dalam penelitian ini yaitu: variabel kemandirian belajar (X) dan variabel hasil belajar (Y). Di lihat dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa siswa di MTs Darul Ihsan memiliki kemandirian dalam belajar, dan dapat dilihat dari hasil belajar para siswa di MTs Darul Ihsan rata-rata 6% siswa mendapat nilai “0-65”, 19% siswa mendapat nilai “66-75”, 71% siswa mendapat nilai “76-85” dan 3% siswa mendapat nilai “86-100”. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa di MTs Darul Ihsan ini memiliki hasil belajar (nilai raport) yang baik.

 

Abstract

Learning independence is needed in the education process, in order to achieve learning goals that emphasize active students in developing their potential. This is because students can control themselves various ways of learning that need to be taken to achieve the results of learning achievement in accordance with their wishes. In order to help students improve learning outcomes, the learning process needs to be endeavored to be interactive, inspiring, innovative, motivating students to actively participate. This study aims to determine the effect of student learning independence on student learning outcomes using quantitative research methods using questionnaires to collect data. The population in this study were all students of class VIII at MTs Darul Ihsan Cibungbulang with a target population (sampling frame) of 42 students. The descriptive analysis presentations in this study are: learning independence variable (X) and learning outcome variable (Y). In view of the results of this study indicate that students at MTs Darul Ihsan have independence in learning, and can be seen from the learning outcomes of students at MTs Darul Ihsan on average 6% of students get a value of "0-65", 19% of students get grades " 66-75 ", 71% of students scored" 76-85 "and 3% of students scored" 86-100 ". Then it can be concluded that students at MTs Darul Ihsan have good learning outcomes (report cards).
Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler kepramukaan terhadap pendidikan karakter kedisiplinan
Authors: Al Azizi Nur Qoyimatul Uyun
Published: February 2020

This research aims to find out the scouting extracurricular activities for character education in discipline at Zaid Bin Thabit SMPIT Bogor. The formation of this character is very important, education in Indonesia must have the development of the potential of students to become human beings who believe and obey God Almighty, have good character, have good knowledge, are creative, independent, disciplined and become citizens who are democratic and responsible, and one of the activities that is able to change it is scouting extracurricular activities. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with 30 respondents in eighth grade. Data collection is done through interviews, observations, and documents. Data analysis technique is done by presenting data, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that character education can be obtained namely, the accuracy of program targets, program implementation, and program monitoring in scouting extracurricular activities for disciplined character education. More than half of the students enjoyed participating in scouting activities, and stated that scouting activities needed to be carried out at school. Based on this research, scouting activities can be an alternative in discipline character education.

Abstrak

Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler kepramukaan terhadap pendidikan karakter dalam kedisplinan di SMPIT Zaid Bin Tsabit Bogor. Pembentukan karakter ini sangat penting, pendidikan di Indonesia harus memiliki perkembangan potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dani bertaqwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, berilmu cakap, kreatif, mandiri, disiplin dan menjadi warga negara yangi demokratis serta bertanggung jawab, dan salah satu kegiatan yang mampu merubahnya adalah kegiatan ekstrakurikuler kepramukaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini adalah metode diskriptif kualitatif dengan responden sebanyak 30 orang pada kelas delapan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan penyajian data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan karakter dapat diperoleh yakni, ketepatan sasaran program, pelaksanaan program, dan pemantauan program dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler kepramukaan terhadap pendidikan karakter kedisiplinan. Lebih dari setengahnya siswa senang mengikuti kegiatan kepramukaan, dan menyatakan bahwa kegiatan kepramukaan perlu dilaksanakan di sekolah. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, kegiatan kepramukaan dapat menjadi alternatif dalam pendidikan karakter kedisiplinan.
Upaya meningkatkan akhlak anak usia dini (5-6tahun) melalui pelajaran praktik langsung dan bercerita
Authors: Rachmawati Rachmawati
Published: February 2020

Pendidikan Ahlak merupakan pondasi dalam menumbuhkan generasi yang berdaya guna. Pendidikan Ahlak harus sudah di namakan sejak usia dini,karena pada masa ini anak memiliki kemampuan yang lebih besar untuk mampu menyerap stimulus yang diberikan.Guru seyogyanya mampu memilih strategi ideal yang di gunakan agar dapat mensukseskan pendidikan ahlak.Selain itu perlu juga memperhatikan langkah-langkah yang harus ditempuh untuk mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan pendidikan akhlak tersebut. penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Library Research, dengan menggunakan analisa rasionalistik, untuk membentuk insan kamil, pendidikan akhlak pada anak usia dini harus menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter diantaranya cinta Allah dan Rasulnya, disiplin, baik, bertanggung jawab dan mandiri, jujur, amanah, hormat dan santun, perduli, kasih sayang, kerjasama, percaya diri, kreatif, dan pantang menyerah, berjiwa kepemimpinan, adil, rendah hati, cinta damai dan toleran. Strategi pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran ini yaitu Inkulkasi Nilai, strategi pembinaan, keteladanan, pengembangan serta keteramplan akademik dan sosial, dan strategi fasilitasi. Langkah penerapan pendidikaan akhlak diawali dengan akhlak perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap penilaian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan konsep Upaya Meningkatkan Akhlak Anak Usia Dini (5-6Tahun) Melalui Pelajaran Praktik Langsung dan Bercerita di RA.Asiyah Cilendek Timu.Metode Praktik langsung dan Bercerita

 
EFEKTIVITAS WEDANG JAHE DAN DAUN MINT UNTUK MENGURANGI MUAL MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL DI PMB YF KOTA BUKITTINGGI TAHUN 2017
Authors: Afriyanti Detty
Published: February 2020

Mual dan muntah pada Ibu Hamil merupakan keluhan normal yang sering dialami Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama. Mual muntah yang terjadi pada kehamilan trimester pertama disebabkan karena terdapat peningkatan kadar hormon Esterogen dan Human Chorionic Gonadotropine (HCG) dalam serum dari plasenta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian wedang jahe dan daun mint pada Ibu Hamil dengan emesis gravidarum Trimester pertama.

Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy eksperimen dengan rancangan pendekatan two group design. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan Ibu Hamil dengan emesis gravidarum dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 21 orang, yang terbagi  7 orang diberikan wedang jahe dan 7 orang diberikan daun mint. Pengumpulan data dengan lembar observasi dengan analisa data dengan mengunakan uji t-test.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh, rerata frekuensi muntah sebelum mengkonsumsi wedang jahe 5,86 dan sesudah menjadi 3,71. Selanjutnya, terdapat pengaruh konsumsi daun mint  terhadap frekuensi mual muntah Ibu Hamil Trimester pertama dengan emisis gravidarum. Rerata frekuensi muntah sebelum mengkonsumsi daun mint 5,29 kali sehari dan sesudah 3,57 kali sehari. Hasil uji anova diperoleh terdapat pengaruh konsumsi wedang jahe dan daun mint  terhadap frekuensi mual muntah Ibu Hamil Trimester pertama dengan emisis gravidarum

 

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diharapkan pemberian wedang jahe dan daun mint sangat efektif dalam mengurangi frekuensi mual muntah pada Ibu Hamil dengan emisis gravidarum; sebagai alternative sebelum menggunakan obat antiemetik, dan menjadikan wedang jahe dan daun mint sebagai penanganan herbal untuk mengatasi mual muntah pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama dengan emisis gravidarum
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN SISWA SMA/MA BIDANG SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI MELALUI PELATIHAN ROBOTIKA BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER
Authors: Hozairi Hozairi , Kurdianto Akhmad Arif
Published: February 2020

Sekolah Menengah Atas yang selanjutnya disingkat SMA adalah satuan pendidikan formal yang menyelenggarakan pendidikan umum. Permasalahan dialami oleh SMA/MA di Kabupaten Pamekasan adalah masih ada 25% lulusan dari SMA/MA yang tidak melanjutkan studi, sehingga mereka menjadi tenaga yang kurang produktif karena tidak memiliki keterampilan. Untuk membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan bagi siswa SMA yang tidak melanjutkan perlu diberikan keterampilan khusus,  maka perlu dirancang dan disusun  model pelatihan yang efektif dan efisien yang mampu membantu lulusan SMA/MA memasuki dunia usaha dan dunia industri. Berdasarkan analisa potensi wilayah Pamekasan dan potensi perkembangan dunia usaha dan industri maka pelatihan yang paling cocok untuk dikembangkan adalah pelatihan robotika. Tahapan pelaksanaan pelatihan tersebut dimulai dari (1) proses pendaftaran peserta, (2) proses pemilihan peserta, (3) pre test, (4)  pelaksanaan pelatihan (perakitan dan pemprograman) robot, (5)  post test dan (6) evaluasi hasil. Hasil analisa pelaksanaan pelatihan selama 14 (empat belas) jam menghasilkan laporan kemajuan sebagai berikut: (cukup = 13%), (baik =  49%) dan (sangat baik = 38%). Artinya hasil program pengabdian masyarakat tersebut telah memberikan outcome yang sangat baik bagi peningkatan kemampuan dan keterampilan kepada seluruh siswa SMA/MA di Kabupaten Pamekasan.
Penerapan terapi spiritual emotional freedom technique (SEFT) pada penderita tuberculosis dengan masalah keperawatan di Puskesmas Sawahan
Authors: Setiyowati Eppy , Hidayatur Rahman Alfin
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by rod-shaped bacteria (bacilli) known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This tubercle basil will cause respiratory problems. In addition, the disease process and long-term treatment often cause anxiety in people with Tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was the application of SEFT therapy in Tuberculosis patients to reduce anxiety in Sawahan Surabaya Health Center. The method used was descriptive with a case study approach through nursing care with anxiety nursing problems in Tuberculosis patients. Data collection is done using the method of interviews, direct observation, and medical records. The results of the application of SEFT therapy were carried out once / day for 3 days at Mr. B. There was a decrease in anxiety which was resolved gradually after SEFT therapy. The application of SEFT therapy is effective in reducing anxiety felt by Tuberculosis patients. Therefore nurses are expected to be able to teach SEFT therapy according to standard operating procedures (SOP) so that patients and families can practice it again at home.
EFFECTS OF A TRANSDISCIPLINARY EDUCATIONAL APPROACH ON STUDENTS’ TECHNOLOGICAL LITERACY
Authors: Rupnik Denis , Avsec Stanislav
Published: February 2020

Technological progress, globalization and demographic changes have brought about transformations that have increased economic and social inequalities. A structural transformation in education could support economic growth and sustainability and could also be associated with common actions in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, together with social sciences, to mitigate the impact of these megatrends on inequalities. This research explores the effects of a technologically conceptualized transdisciplinary educational approach. A sample of 242 lower secondary school students was selected and a pre- and post-test research design was used to ascertain whether a two-level transdisciplinary educational approach used by technology teachers affected the development of students’ technological literacy (TL). The task design included several real-life technological contexts and concepts wherein knowledge of other disciplines was needed to solve problems, create new knowledge and acquire higher-order skills while developing positive attitudes towards sustainable technology. A two-way analysis of variance indicated several significant effects of transdisciplinary education on the development of students’ TL. These findings provide valuable insights into the nature of TL acquisition as a basis for curriculum design and the implementation of transdisciplinary technology education in the lower secondary school. Keywords: technology education, transdisciplinary educational approach, real-life problems, technological literacy.
A COMPARISON OF A VIRTUAL LAB AND A MICROCOMPUTER-BASED LAB FOR SCIENTIFIC MODELLING BY COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Wong Wing-Kwong , Chen Kai-Ping , Chang Hong-Ming
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to explore the effects of a virtual lab (VL) and a Microcomputer-based Lab (MBL) on students’ performance in scientific modeling. A web-based virtual lab and a low-cost MBL were proposed to help first-year engineering students build scientific models. Empirical research was done in a slope motion experiment. The participants were 118 first-year engineering students in Taiwan, and they were divided into a VL group and an MBL group. From the results of the questionnaire, these groups of students thought that the systems were usable and easy to use, and they expressed positive attitudes towards the labs. The post-test’s average score was higher than that of the pre-test for both groups, and the average posttest score of the VL group was better than that of the MBL group. From the students’ learning sheets, many students successfully manipulated the experimental variables and built correct models after gradual revision of earlier models. According to the results of the empirical research, these systems helped the students understand the meaning of the experiment and increased students' interests with hands-on labs. A comparison of the results of these two groups\suggests the integration of VL and MBL to facilitate students’ learning. Keywords: experimental design, MBL, scientific modelling, slope motion, virtual lab.
INFLUENCE OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT CLASSROOM TECHNIQUES (FACTs) ON STUDENT’S OUTCOMES IN CHEMISTRY AT SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Babinčáková Mária , Ganajová Mária , Sotáková Ivana , Bernard Paweł
Published: February 2020

Assessment in many Central- and Eastern-European countries is dominated by summative assessment (SA). Simultaneously, researchers and educators from western Europe and the US proclaim the formative assessment (FA) as an important element of the educational process and advise including it into curricula and everyday teachers’ practice. The research presented herein reports an introduction of formative assessment classroom techniques (FACTs) during chemistry lessons at K7 level in Slovakia. In total 202 students participated in the research. They were divided randomly into a control (n=97) and an experimental (n=105) group, and the intervention covered 10 successive lessons. After the intervention, the student’s outcomes were compared using the test checking student’s knowledge and skills according to various domains of Bloom’s revised taxonomy. The results suggested a statistically significant increase in the score of the experimental group, and a detailed analysis revealed that the increase was significant in both lower- and higher-order cognitive skills area. Finally, the students’ reaction on the introduction of formative assessment was studied and showed their positive attitude towards the introduced method. Keywords: chemical education, formative assessment classroom techniques, higher-order cognitive skills, secondary school.
Спеціально-кримінологічні заходи запобігання злочинності серед засуджених у місцях несвободи
Authors: Богатирьов А. І.
Published: February 2020

У статті розглянуто спеціально-кримінологічні заходи запобігання злочинності серед засуджених у місцях несвободи. Наголошено, що для забезпечення запобігання злочинності серед засуджених у місцях несвободи залучаються сили і засоби, наявні в установах виконання покарань: начальник соціально-психологічного відділення; психологи; оперативні працівники; чергові зміни відділу нагляду і безпеки, відділу охорони; виробничий персонал; інженерно-технічні засоби охорони та нагляду, засоби зв’язку та сигналізації; спеціальні засоби, включно із службовими собаками.
Роль криміналістичної одорології в методиці розслідування втечі засуджених з місць позбавлення волі
Authors: Цимбал П. В. , Влад В. Ф.
Published: February 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню ролі та значення одорології в методиці розслідування втечі з місць позбавлення волі, розглядаються основні фактори, які впливають на поведінку тварин, зокрема собак, під час досудового розслідування із слідами, залишеними людиною після втечі засуджених з місць позбавлення волі.
Міжнародне співробітництво під час кримінального провадження (аналіз нормативноправового регулювання)
Authors: Фрідман-Козаченко М. М.
Published: February 2020

У статті розглядаються питання законодавчого регулювання кримінального провадження в порядку перейняття, інституту міжнародного співробітництва у кримінальних провадженнях та проблеми правового регулювання кримінального провадження в порядку перейняття.
Щодо повноти імплементації міжнародних договорів у Кримінальному кодексі України
Authors: Антипов В. І.
Published: February 2020

Проведений аналіз показав, що ряд положень, що містяться в міжнародних договорах, згода на обов’язковість яких надана Верховною Радою України, і які стосуються питань матеріального кримінального права, безпідставно не імплементовані до Кримінального кодексу України.
Cornual pregnancy-an unusual site of pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chowdhury Tanzeem S , Hasan Homaira , Chowdhury TA
Published: February 2020

Ectopic pregnancy is a condition where gestational sac is located outside the uterine cavity. Cornual pregnancy, also known as interstitial pregnancy, is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy that develops in the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube and invades through the uterine wall. It poses great diagnostic challenge because of its unusual presentation and late diagnosis. Cornual pregnancy, if not diagnosed early, may present with massive and uncontrollable bleeding even leading to maternal death. We hereby report an unusual presentation of cornual pregnancy which was diagnosed and subsequently managed successfully.

Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 64-67
Insight into Newer Anti-diabetic Treatment
Authors: Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: February 2020

Abstract not available

Birdem Med J 2019; 9(1): 1-6
Psychiatric co-morbidity among patients with primary headache
Authors: Syed Sifat E , Mullick MSI , Hannan MA
Published: February 2020

Headache is the commonest complaint in neurology outpatient departments (OPD) and the co- existence of psychiatric disorders with headache is an established fact. This study was aimed to estimate the proportion of adult headache patients suffering from psychiatric co-morbidity and to see the possible association between headache pattern and psychiatric disorders.This cross sectional study was done among 51 sample of neurology OPD of BSMMU. International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) was used to determine the types of headache and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to diagnose psychiatric disorder. Purposive sampling technique was used and data was collected using face-to-face interview from January, 2015 to June, 2015. New and old cases of primary headache of both sexes who were 15-65 years old were taken as samples. The results found that tension type headache was the commonest type of headache and total 62.7% of headache patients suffered from psychiatric disorder. Among them, 39.2% had depressive disorder and 17.6% had anxiety disorders. Logistic regression revealed that higher duration and frequency of headache was a predictor of having psychiatric comorbidity (OR= 1.7). This small study shows the need of larger research in this issue and also points out the importance of psychiatric intervention for headache patients.

Bang J Psychiatry December 2016; 30(2): 32-35
Behavior and experience of male homosexuals in Bangladesh
Authors: Mozumder Muhammad Kamruzzaman , Haque Md Ashikul , Jasmine Umme Habiba , Royal Rofiqul Islam , Sharmin Raihana
Published: February 2020

Homosexuality is defined as “the occurrence or existence of sexual attraction, interest and genitally intimate activity between an individual and other members of the same gender.” The objective of the study was to explore the behavior and experience of male homosexuals in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Due to hidden nature of this population, data were collected through a non-government organization working with them. This was a cross sectional study done during the period from March, 2009 to June, 2009. For this purpose, 102 male homosexuals were enrolled in the study by purposive sampling method and interviewed using a custom-built questionnaire. The results showed that all of the participants were biologically male with age ranged from 14-48 years and average age of first homosexual exposure for the participants was 11.75 years with a range from 4 to 27 years. The majority (56.9%) of the male homosexuals reported experiencing heterosexual intercourse. A high rate of sexual victimization history in childhood (64.7%) as well as in adulthood (49%) was reported. A sizable portion of the participants reported different discriminatory experiences including stigma and discrimination (48%), humiliation in public (49%), being cheated by male partner (60.8%), and exclusion from family (21.6%) because of their homosexual identity. Widespread childhood sexual abuse and discrimination clearly call for protective measures to be taken for safeguarding this vulnerable population.

Bang J Psychiatry December 2016; 30(2): 41-44
Pattern of psychiatric morbidity in pediatric outpatient department
Authors: Akhter Jesmin , Islam Md Azizul , Maruf Mohammad Muntasir , Gofur Tania Binte
Published: February 2020

Mental health in child and adolescents is an essential component of overall health. Disturbed children are more likely to be disturbed adults. Therefore, early detection and treatment is important to decrease the long term disability. The objective of the study was to determine the morbidity pattern of psychiatric disorders among patients of pediatric outpatient department of tertiary level hospitals. This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2012 to February 2013 in pediatric outpatient department of three prime tertiary level hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Purposive sampling technique was used and sample size was 240. A Semi- structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic and other relevant clinical information and the parent version of Development and Well Being Assessment (DAWBA) were applied. The results showed that most (70.8%) of the respondents were of 5 to 10 years’ age group with a male preponderance (54.2%). Out of 240 respondents, 44 (18.3%) were found with psychiatric morbidity. Categorically emotional disorder was 14.6%, behavioral disorder was 9.2% and developmental disorder was 0.4%. Hyperkinetic disorder (5.4%) and Oppositional defiant disorder (2.9%) were the most frequent diagnoses, followed by Obsessive compulsive disorder (2.5%). 29.5% of psychiatric cases were associated with other comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. Respondents with minor physical illness were mostly found with psychiatric morbidity (43.2%). Multiple patterns of psychiatric disorders were identified among the respondents. Therefore, the need to step up to the clinical and referral approaches is imperative to this special segment of children of our society.

Bang J Psychiatry June 2017; 31(1): 1-6
Threats to aquatic faunal diversity due to shrimp Penaeus monodon post larva collection in Kuakata sea beach of Patuakhali
Authors: Hasan MM , Islam MS , Islam MM , Khanam A , Akter M
Published: February 2020

To assess the abundance of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) post larvae (PL) and to quantify the damage of different aquatic fauna during collection of shrimp PL. About 37 PL of other shrimps, 11 fin fish larvae and 31 macrozooplankton were wasted during collection of a single shrimp PL. During the survey period, around 1.55 million man days/year were estimated to be involved in shrimp PL collection activities and on average 216 million of shrimp PL were collected annually from the studied area. About 17,064 million of other shrimps, fin fishes and macrozooplankton were destroyed annually by shrimp seed collectors in Kuakata beach. Variation in water surface temperature and pH was not found but salinity and hardness showed great fluctuation during the study period. Water temperature, salinity and pH are significantly (p<0.01) correlated with shrimp PL abundance. Therefore, the results imply that present seed collection practice causes severe damage of other valuable aquatic fauna, which directly affect the faunal diversity, natural productivity and self recruitment pattern of mother stock.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 273-283, 2019
Population dynamics of the mullet fish, Rhinomugil corsula (Hamilton, 1822), in the Sitakunda coast of the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Ara Syeda Ismat , Azadi MA , Nasiruddin Munira , Hossain Aftab , Mustafa MG
Published: February 2020

Population dynamics of the mullet species, Rhinomugil corsula, was studied, using FiSAT-II program, with the length-frequency data of 2480 fish specimens. The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) of this fish were estimated to be 31.4 cm and 1.0/year, respectively. The instantaneous rate of natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F) and total mortality (Z) were estimated to be 1.73, 1.20 and 2.93, respectively. The recruitment pattern of the species was prolonged with two peaks, major peak during June to December and a minor peak during January to April. The L25, L50 and L75 were found to be 8.61, 10.42 and 12.23 cm, respectively. The relative yield per recruit (Yʹ/R) and biomass per recruit (Bʹ/R) were 0.751 and 1.731, respectively. The value of exploitation (E) was found to be 0.41 which indicated that R. corsula was not over fished (E > 0.50) in the study area. The maximum exploitation (Emax) value was 0.55. The growth performance index (ϕ´ = 2.99) of R. corsula in the Sitakunda coast of the Bay of Bengal was found to be moderate.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 305-314, 2019
DNA barcoding to resolve the confusion in identifying Tribolium confusum and Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Md Aslam Abu Faiz , Sultana Sharmin , Das Sumita Rani , Howlader Abdul Jabber
Published: February 2020

Tribolium confusum and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are two very confusing pest species while identification is done on the basis of morphology only. Such pests are discovered in stored grain as immature stages, which further complicates the identification process. Accurate identification of these pests is urgently required for integrated pest management. In this research, DNA barcoding was used to identify these pests accurately at any life stage. A 658 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was analyzed. DNA barcode dataset of T. confusum (GeneBank Acc. no. MK120453.1) and T. castaneum (Acc. no. MK411585.1) were constructed. The nucleotide composition reveals that average AT contents (59.9%) were higher than the GC contents (38.6%). Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood method showed that both the species were originated from a common major clade. About 17.13% nucleotide differences were noted between the CO1 sequences by multiple sequence alignment. The interspecies nucleotide genetic distance (0.200) was calculated using Kimura 2 parameter. Haplotype analysis showed high genetic diversity (112 mutaional steps) among them.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 333-342, 2019
Larval locomotion behavior in three species of Drosophila
Authors: Alam Mohammad Shamimul , Poly Farjana Sultana , Rahman Sadniman , Begum Rowshan Ara
Published: February 2020

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 367-371, 2019
Bell’s palsy due to congenital cholesteatoma of petrous apex: a case report
Authors: Zulkifli Muhd Faiz Bin , Saim Lokman Bin
Published: February 2020

Congenital cholesteatoma (CC) is a rare disease, it accounts for 2-5% of all cholesteatomas [2] most common site being middle ear. Case report:  We reported a case of 23-year-old female presented with progressive left sided facial asymmetry for 4 years and progressive hearing loss in the left ear for 2 years. She had normal left tympanic membrane and complete left lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy. High resolution computed tomography with contrast temporal bone showed extensive bony destruction, petrous apex and soft tissue lesion.  Patient then proceed with transmastoid translabyrinthine approach. Diagnosis of cholesteatoma confirmed by histopathological examination (HPE). Congenital cholesteatoma of petrous apex is a rare case. It is a challenge to diagnose congenital cholesteatoma pre-operatively without specific radiological sign.  This is because the disease is generally difficult to differentiate with mucocele and cholesterol granuloma on CT scan. Therefore, intraoperative diagnosis more accurate rather than the preoperative diagnosis.

Bangladesh Med J. 2018 Jan; 47 (1): 41-43
First haemopoietic stem cell transplantation centre at Dhaka Medical College Hospital: Outcome of 30 post-autologous stem cell transplanted cases
Authors: Akter Marufa , Khan Mohiuddin Ahmed , R Dey Bimalangshu , Yeh Albert C , Ferdous Jannatul , Kamruzzaman Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Background: Bangladesh has started the journey of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with successful autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma and lymphoma patients in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). The purpose of this study was to describe the outcome of autologous stem cell transplanted patients for different haematological malignancies at DMCH under Department of Hematology and BMT unit.
Methods: Retrospectively analysed 30 post transplanted patients at this centre from March 2014 to December 2017. Data were obtained from a local software that was used for keeping all the patient related documents in BMT unit of DMCH.
Results: Two year Progression Free Survival (PFS) was 70.0% over a median observation period of 18 months. The cumulative incidence of relapse is 23.0% and transplant related mortality (TRM) in first 100 days was nil (0%). Demographic data were collected and complications of those patients.and challenges of stem cell transplantation in a developing country like Bangladesh were also identified.
Conclusion: Establishing stem cell transplant unit was a challenge in government hospital and it was successfully done at in Dhaka Medical College Hospital with the support of the government. Getting experience on autologous stem cell transplant, the next approach will be launching allogeneic stem cell transplant for haematological malignancies, aplastic anaemia and thalassemia patients.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 97-102
Evaluation of coloscopic and Pap’s smear findings among visual inspection with acetic acid cases in detection of precancerous lesion of cervix against histopathology
Authors: Amatullah Mehriban , Begum Shirin Akter
Published: February 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer in women in developing countries. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) is much popular method as primary screening modalities in low resource setting.Whereas Pap smear is well recognized and popular in developed countries. Colposcopy is recognized as the best method for detection of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) as secondary screening. The present study was intended to compare the accuracy of Pap smear and colposcopy in the detection of pre-invasive cervical lesion in VIA positive cases.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Colposcopic Clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 1 year from August 2015. All consecutive VIA positive cases were included the study.
Results: Mean age of the VIA positive women was 36.9 years with peak age group being 31-40 years (44.0%). Nearly three-quarters of the women (74.0%) were in their 3" and 4 decades of life. Among VIA positive women, 35.0% were Pap positive and 55.0% were colposcopically positive and 41.0% were histopathologically positive. Pap smear had low sensitivity (53.7%) and high specificity (78.0%). Using Pap smear nearly half (46.3%) of the precancerous lesion were escaped. Whereas colposcopy findings, revealed high sensitivity (90.2%) and specificity (69.5%). Both Pap and colposcopy was judged against histopathological diagnosis. Over 40.0% of the VIA positive women were diagnosed as CIN confirmed by histopathology. Strength of agreement test using Kappa statistics revealed a moderate agreement between Pap smear test and colposcopy (49.5%).
Conclusion: The study concluded that colposcopy has a high sensitivity, optimum specificity and moderate agreement against histopathology in relation to Pap smear. Pap smear has very little role whereas colposcopy has significant role for diagnosis of CIN. So, it would be adopted and encouraged to do the colposcopy where it is possible.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 103-107
FACTORS AFFECTING TEACHERS’ STAGE OF CONCERN ON EVALUATION SYSTEM OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM INNOVATION
Authors: Badeni Badeni
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the study is to describe the teachers’ stage of concern for the evaluation of primary school innovation and factors affecting teachers’ stage of concern. The approach used in this study was a descriptive study. Data related to factors affecting teachers' stage of concern to the evaluation of primary school curriculum innovation were collected in the form of forum discussion and study of related literature. While data on teacher's stage of concern itself to the evaluation system of primary school curriculum innovation were collected, classified, processed and analyzed by using the norms of the group in the calculation of percentile. The findings of this study were 10 % in a stage of awareness, 14 % in the stage of information; 2 % in the stage of personnel;12 % in the stage of management; 20 % in the stage of consequence;12 % in the stage of collaboration and 20 % in the stage of refocusing. Teachers’ stage of concern to the evaluation of primary school curriculum innovation was low. It was caused by (a) the lack of understanding of primary school teachers on information received, (b) lack of examples and evidence of the benefits of accepted curriculum innovation in school practices, (c) lack of training by trainers in applying new curriculum, (d) so complex in evaluating and (e) the curriculum is continually changing. (f) teacher involvement in implementing program and the training needs (g) adequate time to learn, practice, master and apply what needs to be learned about an curriculum innovation (h) teachers’ commitment to implement the curriculum innovation; (i); principal knowledge of educational change; (j) principals role in carrying out programs; (k) principals' moral support and active participation; (l) collaborative planning by teachers and administrators.
Biochemical fingerprints of marine fungi: implications for trophic and biogeochemical studies
Authors: Gutiérrez MH , Vera J , Srain B , Quiñones RA , Wörmer L , Hinrichs KU , Pantoja-Gutiérrez S
Published: February 2020

Fungi are ubiquitous in the marine environment, but their role in carbon and nitrogen cycling in the ocean, and in particular the quantitative significance of fungal biomass to ocean biogeochemistry, has not yet been assessed. Determination of the biochemical and stable isotope composition of marine fungi can provide a basis for identifying fungal patterns in relation to other microbes and detritus, and thus allow evaluation of their contribution to the transformation of marine organic matter. We characterized the biochemical composition of 13 fungal strains isolated from distinct marine environments in the eastern South Pacific Ocean off Chile. Proteins accounted for 3 to 21% of mycelial dry weight, with notably high levels of the essential amino acids histidine, threonine, valine, lysine and leucine, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids, ergosterol, and phosphatidylcholine. Elemental composition and energetic content of these marine-derived fungi were within the range reported for bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton and other metazoans from aquatic environments, but a distinct pattern of lipids and proteins was identified in marine planktonic fungi. These biochemical signatures, and an elemental composition indicative of a marine planktonic source, have potential applications for the assessment of fungal contribution to marine microbial biomass and organic matter reservoirs, and the cycling of carbon and nutrients.
High predatory efficiency and abundance drive expected ecological impacts of a marine invasive fish
Authors: DeRoy EM , Scott R , Hussey NE , MacIsaac HJ
Published: February 2020

The ecological impacts of invasive species are highly variable and mediated by many factors, including both habitat and population abundance. LionfishPterois volitansare an invasive marine species which have high reported detrimental effects on prey populations, but whose effects relative to native predators are currently unknown for the recently colonized eastern Gulf of Mexico. We used functional response (FR) methodology to assess the ecological impact of lionfish relative to 2 functionally similar native species (red grouperEpinephelus morioand graysby grouperCephalopholis cruentata) foraging in a heterogeneous environment. We then combined theper capitaimpact of each species with their field abundance to obtain a Relative Impact Potential (RIP). RIP assesses the broader ecological impact of invasive relative to native predators, the magnitude of which predicts community-level negative effects of invasive species. Lionfish FR and overall consumption rate was intermediate to that of red grouper (higher) and graysby grouper (lower). However, lionfish had the highest capture efficiency of all species, which was invariant of habitat. Much higher field abundance of lionfish resulted in high RIPs relative to both grouper species, demonstrating that the ecological impact of lionfish in this region will be driven mainly by high abundance and high predator efficiency rather thanper capitaeffect. Our comparative study is the first empirical assessment of lionfishper capitaimpact and RIP in this region and is one of few such studies to quantify the FR of a marine predator.
Neonatal nutritional strategy of a viviparous elasmobranch with extremely low reproductive output
Authors: Rangel BS , Hussey NE , Niella Y , Martinelli LA , Gomes AD , Moreira RG
Published: February 2020

Throughout evolutionary history, elasmobranchs have developed diverse reproductive strategies. Little focused work, however, has addressed how neonatal nutritional state is affected by differing degrees of maternal investment associated with these markedly different reproductive strategies. To investigate the effect of maternal investment on the nutritional quality of pups during the early life history of an extremely viviparous elasmobranch, quantitative biomarker analysis including lipids, fatty acids and stable isotopes was conducted. Using the cownose rayRhinoptera bonasus(histotrophic viviparous) as a model, we found that pups were initially born in a positive nutritional state, enriched in physiologically important essential fatty acids and nitrogen and carbon stable isotope values (δ15N and δ13C), a result of maternal intrauterine transfer. A systematic decrease in some fatty acids and δ15N values, as well as a decrease in cholesterol with growth, confirmed that these substrates were derived from maternal resources and used in initial metabolic processes following birth. An observed increase in condition factor, plasma essential fatty acids and triglyceride:cholesterol ratio with increasing body size identified a progression towards successful independent foraging with pups not displaying marked nutritional deficiency or fasting phases. Our multi-tracer approach allowed the identification of 2 size classes of young rays (<50 and <70 cm disc width) that displayed distinct physiological states. Since prenatal maternal investment is critical for offspring condition and to promote successful foraging post birth, understanding the trophic ecology and physiological state of pups during their first year is critical to guide management and conservation within nursery grounds.
Parallel Perspective in Digital Images
Authors: Beil Benjamin , Schröter Jens
Published: February 2020

Computer Graphics has, among many other, the possibillity to use different forms of parallel perspective. These types are of representation are old and very important but not related to the behavior of light, but more abstract, algorithmic forms of representation. Therefore they don't belong to optical forms. The theory and some parts of the history of parallel perspective in computer graphics are described.
Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphisms of the Saisiyat Indigenous Group of Taiwan, Search for a Negrito Signature
Authors: Chen Lan-Rong , Trejaut Jean Alain , Lai Ying-Hui , Chen Zong-Sian , Huang Jin-Yuan , Lin Marie , Loo Jun-Hun
Published: February 2020

The genetic profile of Negritos of the Philippines differs from the non-Negrito groups with mitochondrial DNA haplogroups B4b1a2, B5, D6a, M, M52a, and N11b. Although Negritos are not seen in Taiwan, the strong genetic affinity between the Philippines and Taiwan Mountain Tribe Aborigines (TwMtA), and Folks tales of TwMtA, Saisiyat and Atayal recounting past contacts with Negritos, warrant the search for a Negrito signature in Taiwan. Material and Method: Discriminant Analysis of Principal Component (DAPC) was used to determine the genetic relationship between TwMtA, Filipino and non-TwMtA groups. Results: The deep coalescence of B4b1a2 in the Philippine Negritos, Saisiyat, Atayal, Island Southeast Asia, and SEA (Southeast Asia) suggested a deeply rooted common ancestry, but could not support a past Negrito presence in Taiwan. Conversely, the sharing of cultural components and mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) haplogroup D6a2 in Saisiyat, Atayal and Philippine Negritos may characterize a Negrito signature in Taiwan. Although the molecular variation of D6a2 determines its presence in Taiwan back to middle Neolithic, other markers, Y-SNP haplogroups C-M146 and K-M9, warrant further analysis. Conclusion: Most likely, the physical characteristics, languages, and the genetic makeup of the Negritos in Taiwan have been diluted as the result of heavy migration from the mainland in the last 400 years.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Women Attending One of the Health Facilities in Hhohho Region, Swaziland, in Relation to Cervical Cancer and Screening
Authors: Phebeni Gloria , Nxumalo-Magagula Nomsa , N Mkhonta Ruth , R Mathunjwa-Dlamini Tengetile
Published: February 2020

Background: In women cervical cancer is the leading cause of death among all cancers in developing countries, but it can be controlled through prevention and early detection of precursor lesions. In 2013 there were 223 new cases of cervical cancer in Swaziland with an estimated 118 cervical cancer related deaths. Most clients suffering from cervical cancer were below the age of 40 years and were diagnosed in the late stage. The study determined knowledge, attitudes and practices of women in relation to cervical cancer screening and treatment at one of the health facilities in the Hhohho Region, in Swaziland. Methodology: A quantitative-descriptive approach was utilized among 56 participants selected using purposive sampling. Respondents were women who came for health care services at the Health Facility’s Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Department. The collected data were entered into SPSS and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation. Findings: Ninety-four percent (94.6%) of the respondents reported to have heard of cervical cancer, and 96.4% reported that screening for cervical cancer could detect symptoms before they appeared. Only 1.8% was aware of the association between cervical cancer and the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Thirty-seven percent (37.5%) of the respondents reported to have ever screened for cervical cancer. The major reasons reported for not screening were busy work schedule, and being turned back by nurses. There was a significant relationship between level of education and knowledge of risk factors for cervical cancer (r=0.306, p=0.022). Data also supported a significant relationship between age of the respondents and knowledge on how to protect self from getting cervical cancer(r=-0.402, p=0.002). Data supported a significant relationship between knowledge on risk factors and knowledge on how to protect self from acquiring cervical cancer (r=0.295, p=0.027). Recommendations: It is recommended that nursing practice should also focus on the provision of services to the working class by offering cervical cancer screening services on weekends and public holidays. Nurses need to be more responsive to clients’ health needs and avoid turning clients back.