bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINATION OF SOIL LOSS IN THE ULYSAI RIVER BASIN USING THE RUSLE FORMULA
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Ramazanova N.E. , Avezkhanov Ch.Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: November 2021

Since soil erosion is one of the processes that have a significant negative impact on land resources, as well as the economy, it is very important to determine the main types of erosion, calculate the process of soil erosion, rationalize and organize its prevention. Soil erosion is most often observed on fine-grained soils, in areas with high humidity and strong winds, with severe erosion, soil fertility is lost, which accordingly leads to a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Today it is effective to use the RUSLE formula to determine the main factors affecting soil erosion processes. The article examines the Ulysai river basin, located in the Burlinsky district of the West Kazakhstan region. In the course of the study, the coefficient of soil erosion for pastures was 0.007...0.09 t/ha per year. On arable land, the value of the coefficient A of soil erosion was 0,2...0,83 t/ha per year.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE AUTUMN ICE REGIME OF R. ZHAYIK (URAL)
Authors:   аl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kissebayev D.K. , Beysenbayeva S.Zh. ,   State Institution "Kazselezashchita"
Published: November 2021

This study considers the change in the timing of the appearance of autumn ice events on the river. Zhayik (Ural) related to anthropogenic activities and climate change. Autumn ice phenomena include floating ice (lard, shuga, snowflake) and the establishment of ice composition. As studies have shown, there is a tendency of later appearance of autumn ice phenomena (by 6...9 days) and the establishment of ice formation on the river (by 9...11 days), as well as a slight increase in the duration of the ice formation period (by 2...3 days).
ABOUT DATES OF ICE COVER’S FREEZE AND BREAK OF BALKASH LAKE UNDER MODERN CLIMATE
Authors:   RSE ", Beldeubayev Ye.Ye. ,   Kazhydromet",   al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Salnikov V.G. ,   al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: November 2021

This article is about analysis of ice cover’s freeze and break of Balkash lake. As researches have shown, there is a tendency of late appearance of first ice formations, and the duration of freezeup decreases, on average by 4 days/10 years. The ice regime of the lake is changing under the influence of climate change.
Etat de santé et présentéisme des soignants
Authors: Dumas Marc , Berthe Bénédicte
Published: November 2021

L’article cherche à démêler les liens complexes et les interactions entre état de santé dégradé, absentéisme et présentéisme. La problématique soulevée par cette étude porte sur les interactions entre trois paramètres que sont la santé, l’absentéisme et le présentéisme du personnel soignant. La recherche s’articule autour de 3 questions principales : Quelle est la validité des catégories construits à partir des données d’absentéisme et de présentéisme auto-déclarées ? Quels sont les principaux déterminants de santé du présentéisme et de l’absentéisme ? Quelle(s) relation (s) l’étude peut-elle établir entre le présentéisme et l’absentéisme en analysant les catégories de présentéisme, absentéisme?. La méthodologie mobilisée s’appuie sur un questionnaire quantitatif composé de 96 questions. 136 réponses complètes sont traitées à l’aide du logiciel SPSS 21. Notre catégorisation est validée non pas par les caractéristiques personnelles ou professionnelles mais par l’auto-déclaration sur l’état de santé perçu. Nous n’observons pas de facteurs explicatifs du présentéisme autre que l’état de santé. Les maladies ou douleurs chroniques et le mauvais état de santé expliquent aussi bien l’absentéisme que le présentéisme. Le harcèlement ou un problème relationnel au travail est lié à un mauvais état de santé et à l’absentéisme. La charge de travail et la dégradation de leur santé physique et psychologique, va diminuer le présentéisme des « pures présentéistes » donc favoriser l’absentéisme. Ce phénomène va s’amplifier puisque les « présentéistes-absentéistes », eux-mêmes seront moins présentéistes et plus absents, pour des raisons similaires. Les résultats montrent ainsi que le présentéisme favorise un accroissement de l’absentéisme.
Life of a Nation's Text: The Travels and Travails of the Indian Constitution
Authors: Sen Ronojoy
Published: November 2021

This review essay briefly discusses Granville Austin's landmark study of the working of the Indian Constitution and its critics, reviews three recent books on that Constitution, and evaluates the extent to which these new works have been able to take constitutional studies in new directions.
All three books shine a light on the critical role of the Constitution and the courts in Indian democracy. While the authors are well aware of contemporary challenges to constitutionalism and have written on them elsewhere, this does not fully come through in their books. Despite this shortcoming,
these recent studies are indispensable in making sense of the Constitution and its role in Indian democracy.
Investigation Into Motivation Types of Saudi and Chines EFL Learners and Gender Role Differences
Authors: Alqahtani Asma
Published: November 2021

This study investigates motivation types of Saudi and Chines EFL learners and gender role differences. I selected these two groups because they constituted the most dominant groups that study English abroad. The descriptive and correlational approaches were used to examine the participants’ motivation by collecting the data through questionnaire and interviews. Twenty-five Saudi and Chinese college level English language students were selected as samples for collecting data for answering the research questions. The findings showed that both groups have extrinsic and intrinsic motivation as well integrative and instrumental motivation. The Chinese group’s intrinsic motivation is stronger than the extrinsic motivation. 
Teachers’ Practice and Perceptions of Self-Assessment and Peer Assessment of Presentation Skills
Authors: Thienpermpool Patteera
Published: November 2021

Assessment has shifted from assessment of learning to assessment for learning. Self-assessment and peer assessment therefore appear to play more important roles as they encourage students to critically reflect on their own and their peers’ learning progress and performance. Although self-assessment and peer assessment of written language performance have been widely explored, assessment of spoken language, especially in presentation skills, is under-explored. Additionally, students’ peer assessments are found to be different from teachers’ assessments (De Grez, Valcke, & Roozen, 2012), with this possibly due to the lack of training. This study aimed to investigate whether in-service teacher participants, with experience in marking students’ performance, would be able to undertake self-assessment and peer assessment effectively in comparison to the teacher’s assessment. The study also intended to explore participants’ perceptions of self-assessment and peer assessment of English presentation skills. The participants were 14 in-service teachers teaching their native language at different levels, ranging from primary to tertiary, who were also studying English as a foreign language. The research instruments were scoring rubrics and an online questionnaire. The data were analysed by Pearson’s correlation coefficients, means and standard deviations. The results revealed that in-service teachers could perform better in peer assessment. The study’s discussion provides fruitful implications for language assessment. 
Can Canadians afford the new Canada’s Food Guide? Assessing Barriers and Challenges
Authors: Charlebois Sylvain , Smook Meghan , Wambui Brenda Nyambura , Somogyi Simon , Racey Megan , Fiander Don , Music Janet , Caron Isabelle
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate Canadian’s awareness and use of Canada’s Food Guide and to explore barriers to adopting the recommendations. We also conducted a cost analysis to measure the affordability of the 2019 Food Guide compared to the previous version. Although 74% of Canadians were aware of the new Food Guide, it ranked low as a preferred source of information; as well, affordability is a top concern when implementing the recommendations. However, eating based on the 2019 Food Guide is more affordable than the 2007 version at food prices in either year. These results bring into question the influence Food Guides have on population’s health behaviour.
A Comparative Study of China's Competition Law and Cameroon's Competition Law; With Specific Regards to Challenges in the Implementation of Competition Law in China and Cameroon
Authors: Yu Lu Ming , Elizabeth Yongyeh Ngalim
Published: November 2021

This study aims to investigate and compare the competition laws of Cameroon and China, with a focus on the limitations and constraints of competition law implementation in Cameroon and China. By comparing the Competition Laws of China and Cameroon, the research intends to determine whether there are any limits in the implementation of Competition Law in Cameroon and China. To examine and get results for the research’s many goals and objectives, this study uses qualitative data analysis. Competition legislation has had a considerable impact on China's economy in recent years, and it will eventually have an impact on trade policies that are directly tied to the international market. During our research, we discovered that competition law regulations have an impact on national and international trade in each country. And we realized that Cameroon's competitiveness policies are in some ways behind the times in the twenty-first century.

As a result, there is a growing need to look into the divergence between China's competition law and Cameroon's competition law in order to assist Cameroonian competition law authorities in updating and making structural changes to Cameroon's competition legislation. These revisions will improve Cameroon's national and international trade policies, but they will have a substantial influence on the country's current economy. There may be some takeaways for China's competitive law policymakers as well. There is no academic work of this kind after a vast range of research, and this will be a wonderful opportunity to introduce creative work to this academic sector. The Anti-Monopoly Law of China has greatly evolved in the past years and there has been amendments and structural adjustments in the past years, which is very great, because Competition Law plays a great role in the economic progress of each country. As a result, the purpose of this study is to identify any obstacles to the implementation of Cameroon's Competition Law (Law No.98/013 of 14 July 1998) and China's Anti-Monopoly Law (2008).
The Influence of Pulping Process and Energy Consumption on Properties of Nanofibrillated Lignocellulose (NFLC) Films Isolated from Wheat Straw
Authors: Moezzipour Bita , Hedjazi Sahab , Yousefi Hossein , Ahmadi Mohammad
Published: November 2021

The present research has primarily focused on the production of nanofibrillated lignocellulose (NFLC) instead of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), which could be produced with less energy and is expected to have similar uses as NFC, especially in the sectors where the transparency is not important. Furthermore, the effect of energy consumption needed for NFLC production and also the influence of pulping methods on the produced NFLC properties has been surveyed. Through mechanical refining and different passes in microfluidizer, the results showed the average diameter of NFLC declined from around 19000 nm to 36 nm. Soda-NFLC films had higher calliper and lower roughness, compared to those of MEA at given energy consumption in refiner and microfluidizer. For both kinds of pulps, the optimum level of energy consumption to reach the best tensile index of NFLC films was 258 kWh/t, with three passes through microfluidizer. More increase in the number of passes and pressure only resulted in increasing of energy consumption without any positive effect on improving the tensile index. The maximum tensile indices of NFLC films obtained from soda and MEA pulping processes were 113.5 and 119.86 N·m/g, respectively. The burst index of 8.5 kP·m2/g and the energy consumption of 458 kWh/t were obtained for five passes through microfluidizer. With the increase of the number of passes of soda and MEA samples through microfluidizer, the opacity decreased but transparency increased.
Biodegradation and Micro- Scale Treatability Pattern of Loblolly Pine Heartwood Bioincised by Bacillus Subtilis and Physisporinus Vitreus
Authors: Zahedi Tajrishi Ismaeil , Tarmian Asghar , Oladi Reza , Humar Miha , Ahmadzadeh Masoud
Published: November 2021

One strategy for improving the treatability of refractory wood species is biological incising, and
its efficiency depends on how the microorganisms modify the porous structure of the wood. Evaluation of the bioincised wood treatability on a micro-scale can thus help to better understand the treatability enhancing mechanisms. In the present study, the biodegradation pattern and micro-scale treatability of Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) heartwood were determined after bioincising with the white-rot fungus Physisporinus vitreus (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karsten isolate 136 and bacterium Bacillus subtilis UTB22. Oven-dried specimens with dimensions of 50 mm × 25 mm × 15 mm (L × T × R) were incubated with the microorganisms at (23±2) °C and (65±5) % relative humidity for six weeks. The control and exposed wood blocks were then pressure treated by 1 % fluorescent dye (fluorescein)-containing water to study the treatability pattern under a fluorescence microscope. The longitudinal and tangential air permeability and compression strength parallel to the grain of the specimens were also determined at the end of the incubation period. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies showed that degradation by B. subtilis UTB22 was limited to the pit membranes, but the cell walls were also degraded to some extent by P. vitreus. The fungus caused a higher mass loss compared to the bacterium, whereas the permeability enhancing ability of the bacterium was more pronounced. The fluorescent dye tracer also showed that higher treatability with more uniformity was obtained by B. subtilis UTB22. The improvement in treatability by both microorganisms was mainly due to the degradation of the earlywood tracheids.
Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics and Bending Stiffness for Cross Laminated Timber Floor Panels with and without Openings
Authors: Kozarić Ljiljana , Bursać Smilja , Vojnić Purčar Martina , Bešević Miroslav , Tekić Žikica
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to present numerical investigations of dynamic characteristics and bending stiffness for cross laminated timber floor panels with and without service openings. Five-layer panels with the outer layers oriented in the longitudinal direction of the panel have been analyzed. In order to explore the full potential of this floor system using a limited number of measurements and structural tests, models based on the finite element method have been proposed, validated against experimental results and then used to investigate the effect of opening position in the floor on main structural performance parameters. The results showed that, when the need for additional service opening appears, a slight decrease of the main structural characteristics of the cross laminated timber floor panels is achievable with an adequate geometrical position of the opening in the floor.
Determination of Ideal Cooking Conditions for Pulp Production from Avocado Wood (Persea americana Mill.) by Kraft Method
Authors: Bülbül Gülşah Altunışık , Gençer Ayhan
Published: November 2021

In this study, hand sheets were made from pulp produced by the Kraft method using avocado wood. The raw materials were supplied by a fruit orchard and consisted of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) trees that had completed their useful life and were cut during routine thinning maintenance. In order to determine the ideal cooking conditions in the production of pulp from avocado wood via the Kraft method, 16 cooks were carried out by varying the cooking time (T), active alkali (AA), and sulfidity (S) ratios. The general pulp properties, especially the screened pulp yield, pulp viscosity, and Kappa number, were evaluated. The pulp yield was taken as the primary basis in determining the cooking conditions. The ideal cooking conditions were also determined by considering some physical, mechanical, and optical properties of the paper. According to this study, the conditions found to be ideal in pulp production from avocado (Persea americana Mill.) wood via the Kraft method were: 18 % AA, 22 % S, and 75 min T.
Micromorphological Characteristics of Fruit Surfaces of Some Usable Species of the Genus Valeriana (Valerianaceae) Among Ukrainian Flora
Authors: Tsarenko Olga , Shikhaleyeva Galina , Minarchenko Valentyna , Tymchenko Iryna , Bulakh Olena
Published: November 2021

The micromorphological features of the fruit surfaces of nine species of Ukrainian flora, namely
Valeriana tuberosa
L.,
Valeriana tripteris
L.,
Valeriana rossica
P. Smirn.,
Valeriana stolonifera
Czern.,
Valeriana grossheimii
Worosch,
Valeriana sambucifolia
Mikan fil.,
Valeriana officinalis
L. s. str.,
Valeriana wolgensis
Kazak. [
Valeriana officinalis
var.
nitida
(Kreyer) Rostanski], and
Valeriana simplicifolia
(Rchb.) Kabath, were examined. Depending on the presence and localization of pubescence on the surface of the fruit, three groups of species were distinguished: those with glabrous fruits, those with fruits pubescent only on the adaxial side, and those with fruits pubescent on both sides. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the additional characteristics of the fruits (microsculpture of the fruit surface, shape of cuticular formations on the surface of the outer periclinal walls of epidermal cells and on the surface of hairs, and structure of the stomatal complex), which were useful for the identification of the species. At the supraspecific level, the revealed features of the fruit surfaces somewhat overlapped and could be used to identify series and sections only as additional features. Based on the studied samples from herbarium material (KW),
V. officinalis
var.
nitida
was considered synonymous with
V. wolgensis
since there were no micromorphological differences between their fruits. The detailed micromorphological characteristics of the fruit surfaces of all the studied species can be used for further comparative morphological investigations of different aerial parts to identify stable features independent of geographic and ecological conditions.
Avaliação da qualidade da água e cargas difusas em microbacias hidrográficas - estudo de caso na bacia do rio Ribeirão da Serra (Poços de Caldas-MG)
Authors: Souza Antonio de
Published: November 2021

A poluição de corpos hídricos superficiais por cargas difusas configura-se em um dos maiores problemas ambientais atuais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da água e as cargas difusas de poluição hídrica na bacia hidrográfica do rio Ribeirão da Serra (Poços de Caldas-MG). Para a avaliação da qualidade da água foram estabelecidos dois pontos de amostragem, o ponto 1 (P1) localizado na região das nascentes e o ponto 2 (P2) em área urbana. Nestes pontos foram medidas, em dois períodos sazonais (chuvoso e estiagem), as seguintes variáveis: temperatura, condutividade, oxigênio dissolvido, sólidos totais dissolvidos, sólidos totais suspensos, fósforo total e vazão. Para a estimativa do aporte de cargas difusas na bacia, foi produzido um mapa de uso e ocupação do solo e utilizado o Modelo Matemático de Correlação Uso do Solo e Qualidade da Água (MQUAL). Os resultados demonstraram a influência da área urbana na qualidade da água para as variáveis condutividade, sólidos totais dissolvidos e fósforo total com valores elevados no ponto P2. Com relação às cargas difusas, o modelo permitiu verificar que os maiores aportes diários de nitrogênio total, DBO, sólidos totais suspensos e coliformes totais, foram provenientes da área urbana da bacia. Isto  indica os impactos que  esta área provoca no meio aquático. O presente estudo pode subsidiar o desenvolvimento de  metodologias regionais de avaliação de cargas poluidoras difusas em bacias existentes no município. Além disto, pode incentivar os gestores locais à tomada de decisões no que concerne ao planejamento adequado do uso e ocupação do solo em bacias hidrográficas urbanas.
Romantische parasoziale Interaktionen und Beziehungen mit Mediencharakteren
Authors: Liebers Nicole
Published: November 2021

Romantic parasocial interactions and relationships are an essential part of media users’ everyday lives. However, they have rarely been studied up to now. This book aims to redress this gap in research by providing theoretical insights into the definition, development, implications and predictors of romantic parasocial phenomena. It presents three empirical studies on their development and implications, and closes with a detailed discussion of their findings. Accordingly, this book provides students with a smooth introduction to this subject and facilitates advanced academic research into the field of romantic parasocial phenomena.
15 Jahre Panelstudie zur (Medien-)Sozialisation
Authors: Paus-Hasebrink Ingrid , Sinner Philip
Published: November 2021

This book deals with the role of media in the period of transition from youth to adulthood. It thus continues the (media) socialisation study with socially disadvantaged children and their families, and follows on from the previous volumes in this series. What has happened to those children, who were five years old at the beginning of the study in 2005? How do young people position themselves in the face of new social challenges and new media offerings, in terms of not only their private lives, but also and in particular their professional careers? What courses of action and blueprints and capacity for action are now available to them as young adults? Furthermore, how are their closest attachment figures? On the basis of a 7th phase of research, which was conducted in 2020, this book deals with these questions.
Vom metaethischen Non-Kognitivismus zur Indeterminiertheit der Normativen Ethik
Authors: Morscher Edgar
Published: November 2021

Die Hauptbruchlinie in der heutigen Metaethik verläuft zwischen Kognitivismus und Non-Kognitivismus. Der Streit beginnt schon bei der Charakterisierung dieser Positionen. In diesem Band wird der Non-Kognitivismus im Sinne der folgenden Doppelthese verstanden und vertreten: Ethische Normsätze können nicht wahr oder falsch (nach dem üblichen Verständnis dieser Worte) sein; und außerdem sind solche Sätze auch nicht im strengen Sinn intersubjektiv überprüfbar. Dies beruht darauf, dass ethische Normsätze nicht bloß „unterdeterminiert“, sondern (im Sinne von Quine) „indeterminiert“ sind.
Surrealism in North Africa and Western Asia
Authors: Bellan Monique , Drost Julia
Published: November 2021

This volume discusses surrealism in literature and art in Algeria, Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey between the 1930s and 1980s. Surrealism emerged as a movement in art and literature in Europe in the 1920s and quickly spread across the globe. It only led to a few movements or official groups in the regions discussed here and was mainly received in poetry rather than in the arts. However, surrealism played a role, albeit a more discrete and individualistic one. The volume aims at drawing a clearer picture of the sporadic resonances of surrealism in these regions thereby contributing to the history of both transmodernism and surrealism. Methodologically, it seeks to explore connections, encounters, and exchanges on individual, institutional, and spiritual levels. A new look at global surrealism needs to consider these micro-level manifestations when addressing questions such as when, where, and what surrealism was. The answer might reveal that surrealism was far more widespread than presumed until now.
Der pädagogische Ortswechsel
Authors: Mayer Julia
Published: November 2021

The museum is a different place of learning for school classes and must be legitimised as a place of reference in the out-of-school learning context.

The leitmotif "change of place" is introduced in a space-theoretical line with Foucault's heterotopology. The discourse on out-of-school learning at the heterotopos museum moves between theories of justification and practices of implementation. The dispositif analysis deals with levels of learning in the museum, aspects of optimization efforts as well as potential spatial boundaries and shifts - discourses, studies, materials and phenomena from museum pedagogical practice are included.

The project is an interdisciplinary approach from general education and museum studies.
Management of Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Authors: Ravi Kiran G.
Published: November 2021

Pulmonary thrombo-embolism (PTE) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Incidence of PTE and its associated mortality is affected by the Prescence of associated risk factors, comorbid conditions and advancement in the treatment options. Clinical probability, D-Dimer, echocardiography and CT pulmonary angiography are used in the diagnosis. Management starts with stratification, with high-risk category being benefited from the thrombolytic therapy. Catheter directed therapy may be used in ineligible or failed cases with surgical embolectomy being used as final salvage therapy. Patients with persistent hemodynamic stability can be started on anticoagulation alone. Supportive therapy with fluid expansion and inhalational Nitric oxide may provide benefit in few. Patients with PTE should receive secondary preventive anticoagulation to prevent recurrences. High risk patients with sub-segmental PTE may benefit from anticoagulation. For early detection of long-term complications of PTE a patient cantered follow-up is needed. Chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a dreaded complication with pulmonary end-arterectomy being a gold standard management option in eligible patients with non-surgical therapy (balloon pulmonary angioplasty and pulmonary vasodilators) also being used in many cases.
Influence of Tween 80 Surfactant on the Binding of Roxatidine Acetate and Roxatidine Acetate–loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles to Lysozyme
Authors: T.A. Qashqoosh Mohsen , A.M. Alahdal Faiza , Kadaf Manea Yahiya , Zubair Swaleha , Naqvi Saeeda
Published: November 2021

The drug binding to protein is an attractive research topic. In order to assess the release of RxAc-CsNPs and their binding with lysozyme under physiological conditions, nanocomposite materials based on chitosan (Cs) and Roxatidine acetate (RxAc) in the presence Tween 80 (Tw80) surfactant were developed. The addition of Tw80 to CsNPs increased RxAc release in vitro. In this work, Stern–Volmer plot and thermodynamic results indicated that the mechanism of Lyz with RxAc and Lyz with RxAc-CsNPs was static mechanism and the main forces in both systems were hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces, which indicated that the binding reaction in both systems is spontaneous, exothermic and enthalpically driven. Synchronous fluorescence and CD results indicated that the RxAc and RxAc-CsNPs cause change in the secondary construction of Lyz. It was also found that the addition of Tw80 affects the binding constant of drug with protein. Finally, the molecular docking results have also been in accordance with the results of other techniques. Hence, the developed RxAc loaded Chitosan nanoparticles could be used as an effective strategy for designing and application of the antiulcer drugs. Altogether, the present study can provide an important insight for the future designing of antiulcer drugs.
Opting for Living-Apart-Together and Cohabitation Relationships in people 50+: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Ševčíková Anna , Seryjová Juhová Dana , Ťápal Adam , Blinka Lukas , Gottfried Jaroslav
Published: November 2021

Despite a growing body of research on later-life relationships, there are still only a limited number of explorative longitudinal studies that have investigated the factors responsible for the establishment of either a Living-Apart-Together (LAT) arrangement or a cohabitation relationship. Two waves of data collection by the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2014/2015-2017; N= 12,155; Mage=71.96; 76.3% women) were analyzed with a special focus on family, dwelling, and financial constraints. Those who were male, younger, and had more children were more likely to enter into a LAT arrangement or a cohabitation relationship than to remain unpartnered. More rooms and fewer years spent in the accommodation raised the odds to partner. LAT persons were slightly older than those in cohabitation relationships. No other factors influenced the form of living arrangement, which indicates that factors other than financial constraints and family responsibilities affect later-life LAT or cohabitation relationship formation.
A cross-sectional study of the scientific production of doctoral graduates in Peru
Authors: Herrera-Añazco Percy , Valenzuela-Rodríguez Germán , Hernández-Vásquez Ronald , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. , Bendezu-Quispe Guido
Published: November 2021

Objective To determine the scientific production of doctoral graduates in Peru. Methods We made a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative analysis approach of the scientific production of doctoral graduates in all areas of science registered in the National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation of Peru. Results We analyzed the scientific production of 942 doctoral graduates with a median time since the graduation of 84 months (interquartile range: 36 to 132). In total, 532 (56.48%) had published an article in their lifetime. The median of published articles was four (interquartile range: 2 to 12), and the median H-index of the doctoral graduates who had published was two (interquartile range: 1 to 5). We found that the number of publications and H-index was statistically different according to the doctorate area of science (p < 0.05 for both). Natural Sciences (69.13%), Engineering (67.47%), and Health Sciences (67.08%) had the highest proportion of doctoral graduates with at least one publication. Regarding gender and university of origin (foreign or Peruvian), it was found a difference concerning the number of articles published and the H-index (p < 0.05 for both) being that male and doctoral graduates with a foreign doctoral degree had higher scientific production. Conclusions Only six out of 10 Peruvian doctoral graduates have published at some point in their life. The areas of science with the highest production by doctoral graduates were Natural Sciences, Engineering, and Health Sciences. There is higher scientific production in males and graduates from a foreign university.
Treatment satisfaction in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 treated with intensified insulin therapy with insulin analogues
Authors: Radenković Saša , Velojić-Golubović Milena , Radojković Danijela , Ćirić Vojislav , Kocić Radivoj
Published: November 2021

The outcome of diabetes treatments can and should be evaluated through the patients' treatment satisfaction. The aim of this study was to examine the patients' satisfaction with the therapy with human insulin analogues compared with previous treatment with human insulin. We evaluated patient satisfaction in patients with T1DM in our institution who were currently on IIT with human insulins. We performed testing with standard World Health Organization Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (WHO DTSQ) before and after the therapy with insulin analogs. The overall DTSQ score in forty-nine patients after the third month of therapy and after the sixth month of therapy is higher than before the initiation of therapy (p < 0.001). The results of the responses on the perception of hyperglycaemia were lower after three months of therapy (p < 0.05) and after the six months of treatment than before the onset of therapy (p < 0.01). There were no differences in the perception of hypoglycaemia after three months; however, perception of hypoglycaemia after the sixth month of treatment was lower than before the onset of therapy (p < 0.001) and compared to the score after the third month of therapy (p < 0.01). Therapy of T1DM patients with insulin analogue aspart over three months led to an increase in satisfaction with therapy and a reduction of the perception of hyperglycaemia. Therapy of T1DM patients with insulin analogues (aspart and glargine) over three months led to an increase in satisfaction with therapy and a reduction of the perception of both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycamia.
A university small satellite thermal control modeling and analysis in the post-mission phase
Authors: Elhefnawy Ahmed , Elmaihy Ali , Elweteedy Ahmed
Published: November 2021

This work includes the thermal control analysis of a small spacecraft in the post-mission phase. The satellite internal component distribution has been modified to fulfill all thermal requirements when using a passive thermal control system. In the post-mission phase, the satellite will be used by the radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT) community as a transponder, fully using the AMSAT payload that will maintain active and shall last at least 2 years. Thermal Desktop software is introduced for the mentioned spacecraft. The final analysis predictions show that the passive thermal control system maintains all satellite element's temperatures within their temperature limits. The temperature variation of +X solar panel is 75 °C which is less than experienced by +Z and -Z panels, which are 100 °C. The temperature change on equipment agrees with their panels. Compared with a specialized thermal analysis, software package (ESATAN-TMSs) verified the integrity of the results.
Classification of Sustainable Business Models: A literature review and a map of their impact on the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Boffa Eleonora , Maffei Antonio
Published: November 2021

Sustainable Business Models (SBM) have been seen as a suitable vehicle for organizations to convey sustainability. The SBM requires a company's business strategy to be shaped around sustainability goals. These goals can be integrated into the business strategy by creating an internal commitment focused on sustainability. Enablers play a crucial role in this integration process. The 2030 Agenda issued by the United Nations set clear goals on sustainable development, i.e. the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Firms are encouraged to design SBM to fulfil these goals. Yet, an extensive investigation of the effect of the SBM applications on the SDGs is lacking. This paper is based on a semantic analysis of the relevant literature. The results show the internal enablers that support the integration process of sustainability into the organization's strategy. In addition to that, the underlying classification process highlights the clusters of applications for the SBM. These are, in turn, mapped over the SDGs to show the impact of each cluster on each SDG.
Applying social network analysis to support the management of cooperative project's behavioral risks
Authors: Nunes Marco , Abreu António
Published: November 2021

According to several literature sources and bodies of practices, effective cooperation between organizations in the deliver of projects is a critical success factor for project successful outcome. Nevertheless, it seems that organizations are still reluctant to engage in cooperative networks more than it would be expected. The major reason for this-according to several literature sources-is due to a lack of efficient models to support organizational cooperative networks. This work introduces a model that contributes to the management of organizational cooperative networks, by adressing behavioral risks that usually emerge as organizations engage in cooperative networks to deliver projects. The proposed model was developed based on four key pillars ((1) project management, (2) risk management, (3) cooperative networks, and (4) social network analysis centrality metrics), and will analyze how four critical organizational cooperative informal networks ((1) trust, (2) problem-solving, (3) advice, and (4) communication), emerge and evolve throughout the different phases of a generic project lifecycle. The development and implementation of the proposed model is supported by a case study.
Academic performance of microentrepreneurs in business training programs: Evidence from the application of an i4.0 educational system during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Ramírez-Lozano Julianna , Rojas-Valdez Kelly , Peñaflor-Guerra Renato
Published: November 2021

There is limited information on the academic performance obtained by teaching through an i4.0 educational system. Therefore, this article aims to close the gap by presenting the existing literature and the quantitative results obtained from the evaluations and surveys made to micro-entrepreneurs with little knowledge of digital technologies, and in many cases with different levels of education, who have been trained during the COVID-19 pandemic, between August and December 2020. The business training program used an i4.0 educational system based on IoT, the cloud, social networks and Web services. The results showed that the participants achieved a satisfactory academic performance and met the objectives of the training program in business-related topics. Likewise, the results established that the academic performance of the student in a business training program through an i4.0 system is not directly related to the student's previous educational level.
New characterizing method of a 3D parametric lattice structure
Authors: Edouard Rémi , Chibane Hicham , Cavallucci Denis
Published: November 2021

Engineering designers often adapt their design structure to the needs of functional requirements independently of the capacity of the designed technical system to offer innovative capacities. Based on the notion of contradiction brought from TRIZ theory (Russian acronym for theory of inventive problem solving), we have developed an approach to reversely build a parametric intelligent structure potentially solving a wide range of inventive problematic situations. The proposed structure relies on an elastic buckling instability. A parametric CAD (Computer-Aided Design) model of the structure was carried out and its behavior is studied with finite element analysis (FEA), driven by a design of experiments (DoE). In this article, a specific method of characterization and multi-objective optimization of the structure is offered. Our objective is to bring a method to allow an engineering designer to solve rapidly and inventively his contradictory requirement in adapting it to the industrial application sought for.
Computational analysis of convective heat transfer across a vertical tube
Authors: Singh Jashanpreet , Singh Chanpreet
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the numerical investigation of the convective mode of heat transfer across a vertical tube. Experiments were carried out using air as a fluid in a closed room by achieving a steady-state condition. Implicit scheme of finite difference method was adopted to numerically simulate the free convection phenomenon across vertical tube using LINUX based UBUNTU package. Numerical data were collected in the form of velocity, temperature profiles, boundary layer thickness, Nusselt number (Nu), Rayleigh's number (Ra), and heat transfer coefficient. The results of the Nusselt number showed a good agreement with the previous studies. Results data of heat transfer coefficient indicate that there were some minor heat losses due to radiation of brass tube and curvature of the tube.
Application of the contour method to determine axial residual stresses in cold extruded steel rods
Authors: Aydin O. , Simsir C.
Published: November 2021

Residual stresses in cold extruded parts play an important role in both component lifetime and succeeding in manufacturing performance. When a cold extruded part is used directly, the lifetime of the part depends on the residual stresses induced during cold extrusion. On the other hand, if the part is exposed to post operations such as machining, residual stresses may cause distortions. Despite their importance, there are only a few residual stress measurement methods to assess axial residual stresses in full cylindrical thick components of massive forming. As high-energy X-ray and neutron diffraction methods are less available and considerably expensive, the contour method may be an alternative providing the accurate assessment of residual stresses without requiring specialized facilities. In the present work, residual stresses in cold extruded rods are determined via the contour method for various extrusion ratios. The finite element analyses for the same conditions are also carried out to provide the comparison to the contour method. The results indicate that the contour method can be a valuable candidate for the measurement of axial residual stresses in cold extruded thick components.
Potential role of polyphenolic standardized chokeberry extract (Aronia melanocarpa) on COVID-19 infection caused by SARS-COV-2 virus and its cardiometabolic complications
Authors: Mitrović Miroslav , Tasić Nebojša , Jakovljević Vladimir , Tasić Danijela , Mitrović Nikola
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic marks the time in which we live. More than 167 million people have been infected so far, and over 3 million people have died. The increase in cardiometabolic risk factors during COVID-19 was due, among other things, to isolation and a sedentary lifestyle, as well as higher food intake. Serbia belongs to the group of countries with a high cardiovascular risk. The meta-analysis confirmed the relationship between the severity of cardiometabolic diseases and the development of a more severe clinical sings of COVID-19, while the metabolic syndrome is a significant inducer of disease complications. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome plays an important role in the development of COVID-19 complications. Any activity that leads to a reduction in inflammatory processes in the endothelium and improvement of microcirculatory function is beneficial. Polyphenolic compounds have potential to show a beneficial effect during prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Aronia melanocarpa polyphenol extract is a product that promises. Strong anti-inflammatory action, as well as a high degree of bacteriostatic and antiviral activity, including activity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been proven by clinical trials. Aronia extract in in vitro experiments leads to direct inactivation of various viral cultures: influenza A (99.99%), SARS-CoV-2 virus (96.98%) and adenoviruses (93.23%). With its systemic action, aronia extract manages to significantly affect the symptoms and parameters of the metabolic syndrome, so as such it is a logical and efficacy food supplement choice in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 including and post-COVID-19 symptoms.
A systematic review of human health risks associated with metalworking fluids exposure
Authors: Latinović Luka , Marjanović Marjan
Published: November 2021

Metalworking fluid (MWF) is the name given to a range of oils, emulsions and other fluid used in metalworking processes to reduce friction, heat, rust, and evacuate swarf. However, most of these fluids are based on finite resource - mineral oil and contain biocides, thus representing an environmental threat at each life cycle stage from resource extraction to disposal. The basic methodological approach of this research was based on the systematic review of relevant academic literature in the field of health issues caused by MWF application. An academic electronic reference source was queried for the related terms while search engine was set to sort the results by relevance. Based on the systematic literature review, this study has identified and noted 31 reports in the peer reviewed literature directly relevant to human health risks associated with MWF exposure effects. The majority of these studies were case series and cross-sectional studies of which 13 addressed malignant diseases; 7 respiratory effects; 6 skin effects or allergies; and 7 pathogenic microbial contaminants. The major studies identified excess malignant diseases including lung, liver, skin, pancreatic, and laryngeal cancer in cohorts exposed to MWF. In addition, a strong association has been established with asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The research did not categorise the results according to the MWF formulation, nor according to the method of application.
Natural resources in international treaties: From the sovereign rights of states to the common concern of humankind
Authors: Todić Dragoljub
Published: November 2021

The paper points out the importance of natural resources and discusses their international legal protection. It analyses the UN deposited international agreements in the field of environment as well as the views of various authors. In specific, relations of the international agreements with the principle of permanent sovereignty of states over natural resources ("principle") and the concept of ,,common concern of humankind" (,,concept") is explored. The aim of the paper is to identify relevant international agreements, determine how they relate to ,,natural resources" and assess the content of norms related to the ,,principle" and ,,concept". The conclusion states that the ,,principle" and the ,,concept" are simultaneously defined in two international agreements (Convention on Biological Diversity and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change), that the content and meaning of the ,,principle" was upgraded, as well as that there are elements of intertwining and lack of clarity when it comes to characterising relations between the ,,principle" and the ,,concept".
Labour status of digital workers: Experience of European countries
Authors: Reljanović Mario , Misailović Jovana
Published: November 2021

The use of information and communication technologies in the work process introduced significant innovations, as well as the emergence of new occupations and professions. This digitalisation of work affects the increase of efficiency and easier performance of a number of jobs, but also the precarisation of labour and shifting the focus of employers from employment to other, atypical forms of labour relations. At the same time, employed digital workers exercise some of their labour rights in a specific way. In most cases, digital work implies physical separation from the employer, which raises a number of questions: how to organise working hours, how to supervise the work of digital workers, how they can exercise their collective rights, how the employer can arrange a safe working environment outside its premises, and similar. On the other hand, workers who work outside the employment relationship, among which platform self-employed workers and freelancers stand out, are in a significantly more difficult position when it comes to exercising basic labour rights. The emergence of false self-employment, which is expanding along with the growth of the use of ICT in the work process in various occupations, as well as the virtually unresolved status of the" freelancers" working exclusively in short-term employment for multiple employers simultaneously or successively, are some of the most pressing problems in modern labour law. The research is focused on the analysis of all these issues; it does not largely deal with the basic clarification of the concepts and development of certain categories of employment - these issues are treated only superficially - but it rather indicates the upgrade of the initial tendencies of changes in the understanding of labour and employment, with particular emphasis on returning to classical form of labour relation, which has been refined and modernised with new elements resulting from the digitalisation of work.