bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dispersion relations of dust lattice waves in two-dimensional honeycomb configuration
Authors: FAROKHI B.
Published: February 2013

The linear dust lattice waves propagating in a two-dimensional honeycomb configuration is investigated. The interaction between particles is considered up to distance 2a, i.e. the third-neighbor interactions. Longitudinal and transverse (in-plane) dispersion relations are derived for waves in arbitrary directions. The study of dispersion relations with more neighbor interactions shows that in some cases the results change physically. Also, the dispersion relation in the different direction displays anisotropy of the group velocity in the lattice. The results are compared with dispersion relations of the waves in the hexagonal lattice.
Communication: Ab initio Joule–Thomson inversion data for argon
Authors: Wiebke Jonas , Senn Florian , Pahl Elke , Schwerdtfeger Peter
Published: February 2013

The Joule–Thomson coefficient μH(P, T) is computed from the virial equation of state up to seventh-order for argon obtained from accurate ab initio data. Higher-order corrections become increasingly more important to fit the low-temperature and low-pressure regime and to avoid the early onset of divergence in the Joule–Thomson inversion curve. Good agreement with experiment is obtained for temperatures T > 250 K. The results also illustrate the limitations of the virial equation in regions close to the critical temperature.
The generalized additional symmetries of the two-Toda lattice hierarchy
Authors: Cheng Jipeng , Tian Ye , Yan Zhaowen , He Jingsong
Published: February 2013

The generalized additional symmetries of the two-Toda lattice hierarchy are investigated in this paper. The algebraic structure of this generalized additional symmetry is showed as w∞⊗w∞. And the actions of the generalized additional symmetries on τ-function are also discussed, by restricting the two-Toda lattice hierarchy to the semi-infinite case.
Nanoindentation models and Young's modulus of monolayer graphene: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Tan Xinjun , Wu Jian , Zhang Kaiwang , Peng Xiangyang , Sun Lizhong , Zhong Jianxin
Published: February 2013

We studied the nanoindentation of monolayer graphene by molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the response of graphene to indentation is deflection dependent. In small deflection range, the response obeys point load model, while large-deflection indentation follows the sphere load model. Hence, we proposed to make sectional fittings and use different response models in different deflection ranges. In this way, a consistent Young's modulus is obtained that is almost independent of the size ratio of intender to graphene and the pretensions of graphene. The calculated Young's modulus is about 1.00 TPa, in good agreement with the experiments.
Defect-induced ferromagnetism in ZnO nanoparticles prepared by mechanical milling
Authors: Phan The-Long , Zhang Y. D. , Yang D. S. , Nghia N. X. , Thanh T. D. , Yu S. C.
Published: February 2013

Though ZnO is known as a diamagnetic material, recent studies have revealed that its nanostructures can be ferromagnetic (FM). The FM origin has been ascribed to intrinsic defects. This work shines light on an alternate method based on mechanical milling to induce defect-related ferromagnetism in ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) from initial diamagnetic ZnO powders. Our idea is motivated by the fact that mechanical milling introduces more defects to a ground material. We point out that the FM order increases with increasing the density of defects in ZnO NPs. The experimental results obtained from analyzing X-ray absorption, electron spin resonance, and Raman scattering spectra demonstrate that the ferromagnetism in ZnO NPs is due to intrinsic defects mainly related to oxygen and zinc vacancies. Among these, zinc vacancies play a decisive role in introducing a high FM order in ZnO NPs.
Enhanced texture in die-upset nanocomposite magnets by Nd-Cu grain boundary diffusion
Authors: Tang Xin , Chen Renjie , Yin Wenzong , Wang Jinzhi , Tang Xu , Lee Don , Yan Aru
Published: February 2013

Bulk anisotropic nanocomposite Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe magnets were prepared by hot pressing and die upsetting coupled with Nd-Cu grain boundary diffusion. The hot workability of nanocomposite magnets is enhanced dramatically by grain boundary diffusion of low melt point Nd-Cu alloy, resulting in a strong anisotropy by die upsetting. The microstructure of die-upset nanocomposite magnets is identical with that of the traditional die-upset rare earth-rich magnets. The coercivity, remanence, and squareness degree of demagnetization curves are optimized. The observation for microstructures and the analysis of magnetic properties suggest that the grain boundary diffusion mainly occurs in the hot deformation process.
Genetic variability in high temperature effects on seed-set in sorghum
Authors: Nguyen Chuc T. , Singh Vijaya , van Oosterom Erik J. , Chapman Scott C. , Jordan David R. , Hammer Graeme L.
Published: February 2013

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is grown as a dryland crop in semiarid subtropical and tropical environments where it is often exposed to high temperatures around flowering. Projected climate change is likely to increase the incidence of exposure to high temperature, with potential adverse effects on growth, development and grain yield. The objectives of this study were to explore genetic variability for the effects of high temperature on crop growth and development, in vitro pollen germination and seed-set. Eighteen diverse sorghum genotypes were grown at day : night temperatures of 32 : 21°C (optimum temperature, OT) and 38 : 21°C (high temperature, HT during the middle of the day) in controlled environment chambers. HT significantly accelerated development, and reduced plant height and individual leaf size. However, there was no consistent effect on leaf area per plant. HT significantly reduced pollen germination and seed-set percentage of all genotypes; under HT, genotypes differed significantly in pollen viability percentage (17–63%) and seed-set percentage (7–65%). The two traits were strongly and positively associated (R2 = 0.93, n = 36, P < 0.001), suggesting a causal association. The observed genetic variation in pollen and seed-set traits should be able to be exploited through breeding to develop heat-tolerant varieties for future climates.
“Islands of Decency”: Building Capacity in a Sea of Despair
Authors: Abu El‐Haj Thea Renda
Published: February 2013

This response focuses attention on three key issues raised by Brayboy's talk: training our analyses on the impact of neoliberal policies reshaping schools and societies, developing an engaged anthropology of education to build local capacity, and remembering the centrality of our relationships in the midst of this work.
Up or Out: Research Incentives and Career Prospects of Postdocs in Germany
Authors: Fitzenberger Bernd , Schulze Ute
Published: February 2013

Academic careers in Germany have been under debate for a while. We conduct a survey among postdocs in Germany to analyze the perceptions and attitudes of postdocs regarding their research incentives, their working conditions, and their career prospects. We conceptualize the career prospects of a postdoc in a life-cycle perspective of transitions from academic training to academic or non-academic jobs. Only about half of the postdocs sees strong incentives for academic research, but there is quite a strong confidence to succeed in an academic career. Furthermore, postdocs who attended a PhD program show better career prospects and higher research incentives compared to others. Academic career prospects and motivation are strongest for assistant professors. Apart from this small group, however, postdocs report only a small impact of the university reforms of the last decade. Female postdocs show significantly higher research incentives but otherwise we find little gender differences. Finally, good prospects in nonacademic jobs are not associated with a reduction in the motivation for research.
Paediatric nurses' experience with death: The effect of empathic tendency on their anxiety levels
Authors: Polat Sevinç , Küçük Alemdar Dilek , Gürol Ayşe
Published: February 2013

The purpose of this descriptive and analytic study is to investigate the effect on anxiety levels of nurses' empathic tendency after experiencing death of patients in the paediatric intensive care unit. No sampling method was used in this study, and all 58 nurses working in the paediatric intensive care unit that agreed to participate in the study were included. The score mean of Empathic Tendency Scale for nurses was 77.43 ± 4.55, their score mean of trait anxiety inventory was 39.82 ± 5.53 and their score mean of state anxiety inventory was 48.03 ± 6.80. This study concluded that nurses had a mild trait anxiety level under normal conditions and experienced moderate anxiety levels when faced with death. This study concluded that the empathic tendency of nurses working in the paediatric intensive care unit had no effect on their anxiety levels when faced with death; however, the anxiety level of nurses decreased as their empathic trends increased.
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: LIN GRACE , DISPENZIERI ANGELA , KYLE ROBERT , GROGAN MARTHA , BRADY PETER A.
Published: February 2013

ICD in Cardiac Amyloidosis

Background

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest. Although ICD therapy improves survival in patients with cardiomyopathy due to other etiologies, the benefit of ICD therapy in patients with CA is unclear in large part due to limited data on the precise mechanism of sudden cardiac arrest and selection of patients with cardiac amyloidosis for ICD therapy.

Objective

The objective was to determine the benefit of ICD therapy in cardiac amyloidosis.

Methods

We reviewed all ICD implant indications, procedures, and therapies, of CA patients evaluated at Mayo Clinic between 2000 and 2009.

Results

A total of 53 patients with CA (33 AL, 10 senile, 9 familial, and 1 AA) who underwent ICD implantation were included. Indication for ICD implantation was for primary prevention of sudden cardiac arrest in 41 (77%) patients and secondary prevention in 12 (23%) patients. The rate of appropriate ICD shocks was 32% in the first year and was observed almost exclusively in AL amyloidosis patients, occurring in 15 patients (12 AL amyloidosis, 2 senile, 1 AA). Appropriate ICD shocks were more frequent in patients with prior sudden cardiac arrest or sustained ventricular arrhythmias (secondary prevention indication), and less frequent in patients who presented with decreased ejection fraction or syncope.

Conclusions

A high rate of appropriate ICD shocks was observed especially in patients with AL‐type amyloidosis. However, appropriate ICD therapy did not translate into overall survival benefit, suggesting that selection of patients with CA who might be candidates for ICD is imprecise.
Prognotic impact of serum follistatin in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tomoda Takeshi , Nouso Kazuhiro , Miyahara Koji , Kobayashi Sayo , Kinugasa Hideaki , Toyosawa Junki , Hagihara Hiroaki , Kuwaki Kenji , Onishi Hideki , Nakamura Shinichiro , Ikeda Fusao , Miyake Yasuhiro , Shiraha Hidenori , Takaki Akinobu , Yamamoto Kazuhide
Published: February 2013

Background and Aim

Follistatin (FST) is a glycoprotein expressed in most organs, which interacts with activins or other members of the transforming growth factor beta family. Recently, several reports have shown that FST regulates a variety of processes during tumor progression. Here, serum FST in patients with liver diseases was measured, and its clinical utility as a biomarker was assessed.

Methods

Serum was collected from 162 patients (91 hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], 43 liver cirrhosis, and 28 chronic hepatitis) as well as from 16 healthy volunteers. FST was quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, and levels were compared with clinical parameters including survival of the HCC patients.

Results

Median serum FST levels in HCC, liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and healthy volunteers were 1168, 1606, 1324, and 1661 pg/mL, respectively, not significantly different. In HCC patients, higher serum FST was associated with greater age, hepatitis C virus antibody‐negativity, large tumor size, g‐glutamyl transpeptidase, des‐gamma carboxyprothrombin and presence of portal vein tumor thrombus. Survival of HCC patients with high FST levels was significantly shorter than for those with low levels (P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that in addition to large tumor size and presence of portal vein thrombus, high FST levels were independently correlated with poor prognosis (hazard ratio = 2.41, 95% confidence interval = 1.16–5.00, P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Serum FST levels are significantly associated with HCC prognosis and could represent a predictive biomarker in this disease.
The recognized benefits of negative thinking/affect in depression and anxiety: Developing a scale
Authors: Sasaki Jun , Sakamoto Shinji , Moriwaki Aiko , Inoue Kai , Ugajin Kenkichi
Published: February 2013

Negative thinking/affect (NTA) in depression and anxiety is an important target of clinical intervention. However, individuals recognize the benefit of NTA. There is a need to develop a scale for empirical studies of NTA. Two‐hundred and fifty‐nine Japanese university students were assigned to answer: (a) the state in the past week (positive affect (PA) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), (b) the current state (PA and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐State (STAI‐S)), and (c) the usual state (PA and STAI‐Trait), after completing the Recognized Benefit of NTA Scale (RBNTA). Another 291 students completed the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale and the Revised Life Orientation Test, after completing the RBNTA. Two weeks later, 76 participants completed the RBNTA. The RBNTA with nine subscales was developed after comparing the indices of fitness from 14 different factor solutions. The internal and test‐retest reliability and content validity were confirmed. Correlation analyses revealed that the recognition of trying to obtain benefits/avoid costs tends to associate with positive/negative affect and that most of such recognitions did not associate with self‐esteem and optimism.
An Evaluation of Wikipedia as a Resource for Patient Education in Nephrology
Authors: Thomas Garry R. , Eng Lawson , de Wolff Jacob F. , Grover Samir C.
Published: February 2013

Wikipedia, a multilingual online encyclopedia, is a common starting point for patient medical searches. As its articles can be authored and edited by anyone worldwide, the credibility of the medical content of Wikipedia has been openly questioned. Wikipedia medical articles have also been criticized as too advanced for the general public. This study assesses the comprehensiveness, reliability, and readability of nephrology articles on Wikipedia. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related problems, 10th Edition (ICD‐10) diagnostic codes for nephrology (N00–N29.8) were used as a topic list to investigate the English Wikipedia database. Comprehensiveness was assessed by the proportion of ICD‐10 codes that had corresponding articles. Reliability was measured by both the number of references per article and proportion of references from substantiated sources. Finally, readability was assessed using three validated indices (Flesch‐Kincaid grade level, Automated readability index, and Flesch reading ease). Nephrology articles on Wikipedia were relatively comprehensive, with 70.5% of ICD‐10 codes being represented. The articles were fairly reliable, with 7.1 ± 9.8 (mean ± SD) references per article, of which 59.7 ± 35.0% were substantiated references. Finally, all three readability indices determined that nephrology articles are written at a college level. Wikipedia is a comprehensive and fairly reliable medical resource for nephrology patients that is written at a college reading level. Accessibility of this information for the general public may be improved by hosting it at alternative Wikipedias targeted at a lower reading level, such as the Simple English Wikipedia.
Steady-State and Transient Behavior of Gas/Liquid Phase Boundaries in Impulse Pipes
Authors: Schulz Stephan , Hampel Rainer
Published: February 2013

For boiling water reactors (BWR) and steam generators, the water level is a safety-relevant process variable. The most commonly applied measuring method is based on the calculation of the liquid level from geodetic pressure differences to a reference column of defined height and density. However, transition processes occurring under operational and accident conditions may lead to dynamic changes in the reference level and, therefore, to fluctuations in the differential pressure signal. This paper presents experiments and numerical simulations on the steady-state and transient behavior of gas/liquid phase boundaries in “zero chamber level vessels” (ZCLV). In these slightly inclined miniature tubes, the constant reference level is provided by surface tension forces and the capillary effect, respectively. To investigate the basic topology of gas/liquid interfaces under simplified conditions (environmental parameters, no heat transfer), a test facility with optical access was developed. The construction allows for variations of the inner tube diameter, inclination angle, and liquid mass flow rate, respectively. By this means, experiments on phase boundaries were carried out for ethanol/air and water/air. The results provide information about the impact of geometry parameters and their interactions on the interface topology. In addition, the dynamic draining of excess liquid mass at the free end of the tube and at artificial weld seams, which is supposed to be the reason for temperature fluctuations observed in ZCLV during power operation of BWR, was experimentally analyzed. The measurements represent the basis for an experimental validation and optimizations of the numerical flow code ANSYS CFX 12.0. In the next step, water/vapor phase boundaries at 286 °C and 70 bars will be investigated by applying X-ray radiography to a scale model. The results will be discussed in context with the hydrostatic level measurement in BWR.
Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris sp. nov., a Fast-Growing
Mycoplasma
Species
Authors: Fischer Anne , Santana-Cruz Ivette , Giglio Michelle , Nadendla Suvarna , Drabek Elliott , Vilei Edy M. , Frey Joachim , Jores Joerg
Published: February 2013

Members of the “
Mycoplasma mycoides
cluster” represent important livestock pathogens worldwide. We report the genome sequence of
Mycoplasma feriruminatoris
sp. nov., the closest relative to the “
Mycoplasma mycoides
cluster” and the fastest-growing
Mycoplasma
species described to date.
NLEVP
Authors: Betcke Timo , Higham Nicholas J. , Mehrmann Volker , Schröder Christian , Tisseur Françoise
Published: February 2013

We present a collection of 52 nonlinear eigenvalue problems in the form of a MATLAB toolbox. The collection contains problems from models of real-life applications as well as ones constructed specifically to have particular properties. A classification is given of polynomial eigenvalue problems according to their structural properties. Identifiers based on these and other properties can be used to extract particular types of problems from the collection. A brief description of each problem is given. NLEVP serves both to illustrate the tremendous variety of applications of nonlinear eigenvalue problems and to provide representative problems for testing, tuning, and benchmarking of algorithms and codes.
R3
Authors: Vitek Jan , Kalibera Tomas
Published: February 2013

Computer systems research spans sub-disciplines that include embedded systems, programming languages and compilers, networking, and operating systems. Our contention is that a number of structural factors inhibit quality systems research. We highlight some of the factors we have encountered in our own work and observed in published papers and propose solutions that could both increase the productivity of researchers and the quality of their output.
BMP2 inhibits TGF-β-induced pancreatic stellate cell activation and extracellular matrix formation
Authors: Gao Xuxia , Cao Yanna , Yang Wenli , Duan Chaojun , Aronson Judith F. , Rastellini Cristiana , Chao Celia , Hellmich Mark R. , Ko Tien C.
Published: February 2013

Activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is the key step in the development of pancreatic fibrosis, a common pathological feature of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the TGF-β superfamily, have anti-fibrogenic functions, in contrast to TGF-β, in the kidney, lung, and liver. However, it is not known whether BMPs have an anti-fibrogenic role in the pancreas. The current study was designed to investigate the potential anti-fibrogenic role of BMPs in the pancreas using an in vivo CP model and an in vitro PSC model. CP was induced by repetitive intraperitoneal injections of cerulein in adult Swiss Webster mice. The control mice received saline injections. Compared with the control, cerulein injections induced a time-dependent increase in acinar injury and progression of fibrosis and a steady increase in inflammation. Cerulein injections also induced increases of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin and of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive stellate cells (PSCs). The mice receiving cerulein injections showed increased BMP2 protein levels and phosphorylated Smad1 levels up to 4 wk and then declined at 8 wk to similar levels as the control. In vitro, the isolated mouse and human PSCs were cultured and pretreated with BMP2 followed by TGF-β treatment. BMP2 pretreatment inhibited TGF-β-induced α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen type Ia expression. Knocking down Smad1 with small-interfering RNA reversed the inhibitory effect of BMP2 on TGF-β-induced α-SMA and fibronectin expression. Thus, BMP2 opposes the fibrogenic function of TGF-β in PSCs through the Smad1 signaling pathway.
MITEs in the promoters of effector genes allow prediction of novel virulence genes in Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Schmidt Sarah M , Houterman Petra M , Schreiver Ines , Ma Lisong , Amyotte Stefan , Chellappan Biju , Boeren Sjef , Takken Frank L W , Rep Martijn
Published: February 2013

Background

The plant-pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici (Fol) has accessory, lineage-specific (LS) chromosomes that can be transferred horizontally between strains. A single LS chromosome in the Fol4287 reference strain harbors all known Fol effector genes. Transfer of this pathogenicity chromosome confers virulence to a previously non-pathogenic recipient strain. We hypothesize that expression and evolution of effector genes is influenced by their genomic context.

Results

To gain a better understanding of the genomic context of the effector genes, we manually curated the annotated genes on the pathogenicity chromosome and identified and classified transposable elements. Both retro- and DNA transposons are present with no particular overrepresented class. Retrotransposons appear evenly distributed over the chromosome, while DNA transposons tend to concentrate in large chromosomal subregions. In general, genes on the pathogenicity chromosome are dispersed within the repeat landscape. Effector genes are present within subregions enriched for DNA transposons. A miniature Impala (mimp) is always present in their promoters. Although promoter deletion studies of two effector gene loci did not reveal a direct function of the mimp for gene expression, we were able to use proximity to a mimp as a criterion to identify new effector gene candidates. Through xylem sap proteomics we confirmed that several of these candidates encode proteins secreted during plant infection.

Conclusions

Effector genes in Fol reside in characteristic subregions on a pathogenicity chromosome. Their genomic context allowed us to develop a method for the successful identification of novel effector genes. Since our approach is not based on effector gene similarity, but on unique genomic features, it can easily be extended to identify effector genes in Fo strains with different host specificities.
Parent smoker role conflict and planning to quit smoking: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Friebely Joan , Rigotti Nancy A , Chang Yuchiao , Hall Nicole , Weiley Victoria , Dempsey Janelle , Hipple Bethany , Nabi-Burza Emara , Murphy Sybil , Woo Heide , Winickoff Jonathan P
Published: February 2013

Background

Role conflict can motivate behavior change. No prior studies have explored the association between parent/smoker role conflict and readiness to quit. The objective of the study is to assess the association of a measure of parent/smoker role conflict with other parent and child characteristics and to test the hypothesis that parent/smoker role conflict is associated with a parent’s intention to quit smoking in the next 30 days. As part of a cluster randomized controlled trial to address parental smoking (Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure—CEASE), research assistants completed exit interviews with 1980 parents whose children had been seen in 20 Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) practices and asked a novel identity-conflict question about “how strongly you agree or disagree” with the statement, “My being a smoker gets in the way of my being a parent.” Response choices were dichotomized as “Strongly Agree” or “Agree” versus “Disagree” or “Strongly Disagree” for the analysis. Parents were also asked whether they were “seriously planning to quit smoking in 30 days.” Chi-square and logistic regression were performed to assess the association between role conflict and other parent/children characteristics. A similar strategy was used to determine whether role conflict was independently associated with intention to quit in the next 30 days.

Methods

As part of a RTC in 20 pediatric practices, exit interviews were held with smoking parents after their child’s exam. Parents who smoked were asked questions about smoking behavior, smoke-free home and car rules, and role conflict. Role conflict was assessed with the question, “Please tell me how strongly you agree or disagree with the statement: ‘My being a smoker gets in the way of my being a parent.’ (Answer choices were: “Strongly agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree.”)

Results

Of 1980 eligible smokers identified, 1935 (97%) responded to the role-conflict question, and of those, 563 (29%) reported experiencing conflict. Factors that were significantly associated with parent/smoker role conflict in the multivariable model included: being non-Hispanic white, allowing home smoking, the child being seen that day for a sick visit, parents receiving any assistance for their smoking, and planning to quit in the next 30 days. In a separate multivariable logistic regression model, parent/smoker role conflict was independently associated with intention to quit in the next 30 days [AOR 2.25 (95% CI 1.80-2.18)].

Conclusion

This study demonstrated an association between parent/smoker role conflict and readiness to quit. Interventions that increase parent/smoker role conflict might act to increase readiness to quit among parents who smoke.

Trial registration

Clinical trial registration number: NCT00664261.
Press and Elections in the French Revolution of 1848: The Case of Lyon
Authors: Popkin Jeremy D.
Published: February 2013

The French legislative election of April 23, 1848, was one of the first examples of a ritual that has become central to modern democracy: the consecration by a population of a new political order to replace a fallen regime. The newspaper press played a major but little-studied role in ensuring that the election was held relatively smoothly and that the results were generally accepted by the population. This case study, based on the press of Lyon, France’s second largest city, shows, however, the role of the press in 1848 was very different from what it had been in 1830. Despite many years of preparation, the republican opposition journalists of 1848 were resoundingly disavowed by the voters, whereas papers representing the conservative parties and the democratic-socialist movement were more successful in promoting their candidates.

Les élections d’avril 1848 sont le premier exemple d’un rituel qui est devenu central dans la démocratie moderne: la consécration par une population d’un ordre politique nouveau en remplacement d’un « ancien régime » tombé. La presse quotidienne a joué un rôle majeur mais peu étudié en assurant cette transition. Cette étude de la presse de Lyon, deuxième ville de France, montre cependant que le rôle de la presse en 1848 était très différent de ce qu’il a été en 1830. Malgré plusieurs années de préparation, les journalistes républicains de l’opposition de 1848 ont été solennellement désavoués par les électeurs, tandis que les journaux représentant les forces conservatrices et le mouvement social-démocrate ont eu plus de succès.
Optimizing Fire Station Locations for the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
Authors: Aktaş Emel , Özaydın Özay , Bozkaya Burçin , Ülengin Füsun , Önsel Şule
Published: February 2013

The Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) seeks to determine locations for additional fire stations to build in Istanbul; its objective is to make residences and historic sites reachable by emergency vehicles within five minutes of a fire station’s receipt of a service request. In this paper, we discuss our development of a mathematical model to aid IMM in determining these locations by using data retrieved from its fire incident records. We use a geographic information system to implement the model on Istanbul’s road network, and solve two location models—set-covering and maximal-covering—as what-if scenarios. We discuss 10 scenarios, including the situation that existed when we initiated the project and the scenario that IMM implemented. The scenario implemented increases the city’s fire station coverage from 58.6 percent to 85.9 percent, based on a five-minute response time, with an implementation plan that spans three years.
Laparoscopos sigmaresectio situs inversus totalisban
Authors: Berencsi Attila , Bezsilla János , Sikorszki László , Temesi Rita , Bende Sándor
Published: February 2013

Absztrakt

A situs inversus totalis (SIT) egy ritka, veleszületett rendellenesség, amelyben a hasi és mellkasi szervek mindegyike tükörkép-pozícióban helyezkedik el. Egy 57 éves, ismert situs inversusos férfit széklethabitus-változás, véres székletürítés miatt kezdtünk vizsgálni. A colonoscopia és a hasi, kismedencei CT-vizsgálat stenotizáló sigmatumort igazolt. Osztályunkon az elektív laparoscopos vastagbél-resectio a nyitott műtét alternatívája, mintegy 60%-ban választott eljárás. Cikkünkben Magyarországon elsőként számolunk be sikeres, dokumentált, tumor miatt végzett laparoscopos sigmaresectióról situs inversus totalisban. Áttekintést adunk a biztonságos műtéti technikáról, melyet fotóval dokumentáltunk. Megfelelő anatómiai ismeret és kellő haladó laparoscopos jártasság esetén a laparoscopos resectio ilyen különleges, ritka esetben is biztonsággal alkalmazható eljárás.
Takayasu’s Arteritis: An Uncommon Cause of Renal Artery Stenosis and Therapeutic Considerations
Authors: Virmani1 Mary , Ortega Luis , Salman Loay , Vachharajani Tushar , Asif Arif , Nayer Ali
Published: February 2013

Takayasu’s arteritis is a rare disorder characterized by granulomatous and necro-inflammatory disease of the aorta and its major branches. Its etiology remains unknown. We report a young woman with Takayasu’s arteritis affecting the aortic arch, carotid, mesenteric, celiac and bilateral renal arteries resulting in severe hypertension, unilateral renal atrophy and renal insufficiency. The immunosuppressive therapy did not halt the progression of her vascular disease, which required revascularization procedures on numerous occasions. Here, the clinical manifestations and histopathological features of Takayasu’s arteritis are reviewed. In addition, the available medical treatment options including glucocorticoids, cytotoxic agents and TNF-alpha inhibitors are discussed. Furthermore, current revascularization procedures such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and reconstructive vascular surgery in the treatment of occlusive vasculopathy due to Takayasu’s arteritis are discussed. Although the prognosis of this debilitating disease has improved over the past two decades, a better understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis will facilitate the discovery of effective target-specific treatment strategies with a narrow adverse effects profile.
Ways of Representing Accumulation: The Archive and the Collection in Jonathan Safran Foer’s Everything is Illuminated and John Fowles’ the Collector
Authors: Ada Erika
Published: February 2013

The paper explores the desire of accumulating in our contemporary society by analysing two processes: that of archiving and that of collecting; and how these are represented in literature, in novels such as Everything is Illuminated, which deals with the preservation of memory through the archive; and The Collector, which brings a different perspective on the act of collecting, namely, the relationship between collecting, possession and fetishism.
The Impossible Tradition of the Pindaric Ode in England
Authors: Barna Zsófia
Published: February 2013

The “burden of the past” (W. J. Bate) has persistently remained in the focus of poets’ attention across various periods of the history of Western poetry. Questions of tradition, historical belatedness, and “anxieti[es] of influence” (H. Bloom) have fueled both theorists and practitioners of poetry. The English Pindaric tradition confronts these questions uniquely. It has shown consciousness of its own historicity from the beginning. The vocation of the Pindaric poet and his relation to the inimitable master, Pindar, persist as central themes throughout the reception history. They contribute to the evolution of a tradition where poets increasingly question the possibility of autonomous poetic creation.
Identity Formation in Paul Auster’s Fictional Urban Space
Authors: Boettcher Nadine
Published: February 2013

How does the contemporary self depicted in Paul Auster’s fiction constitute himself in the metropolis New York City? I will investigate the extent to which New York City influences the shaping of a metropolitan identity in two selected literary works by Paul Auster: City of Glass and Sunset Park
Planning and Financing Schemes Linked to the Decision-Making for the Interconnection of Long-Short Distance Transport
Authors: Nathanail Eftihia , Adamos Giannis
Published: February 2013

The development of interfaces between long and short distance transport networks is associated with the general processes planned by central governmental bodies; and the degree of their efficiency depends heavily on the successful cooperation among the involved planning stakeholders at various territorial levels. At the same time, no matter how efficient the planning process may be the lack of the appropriate financial planning and the coordination of the involved stakeholders for finding the required resources, affects the development of successful long and short-distance interfaces.

Towards this direction, the aim of the present paper is to investigate the planning and financing schemes developed in longshort interconnection in representative European countries, and assess how these processes are linked to the decision-making processes at a local, regional, national and European level. In addition, obstacles and barriers in the relative processes are indicated and methods for their alleviation are proposed.
Distinguishing Between Spatial Heterogeneity and Inefficiency: Spatial Stochastic Frontier Analysis of European Airports
Authors: Dmitry Pavlyuk
Published: February 2013

A problem of distinguishing between frontier heterogeneity and inefficiency is widely acknowledged in benchmarking. A special type of heterogeneity, based on the spatial structure, can significantly affect performance estimates in the airport industry. In this research we presented a general specification of the spatial stochastic frontier model, which includes spatial lags, spatial autoregressive disturbances and spatial autoregressive inefficiencies. Maximum likelihood estimator has been derived for this model. Applying the suggested model specification to the European airports dataset, we discovered presence of significant spatial heterogeneity, which leads to biased estimates of efficiency, received using classical models.
Mobile Autonomous Robots – A New Type of City Public Transport
Authors: Shut Vasili , Kasyanik Valery
Published: February 2013

In the article the problem of modern cities - transport jams - is taken up. We propose several variants of solution and one of the main - the use of autonomous mobile robots as public transport. This is caused by active development of robotics. The article contains the review of the latest achievements of this perspective sphere and technical characteristic of two mobile robots for providing effectiveness of traffic. Functioning of robots takes place in confined environment with distinct infrastructure.
Utilization of Multi-Zone Model Results in SI Engine Modeling
Authors: Žák Zdeněk , Hvězda Jiří , Emrich Miloslav , Macek Jan , Červenka Libor
Published: February 2013

Shrnutí

Příspěvek se zabývá využitím výsledků vícezónových modelů v simulacích oběhů čtyřtaktních zážehových motorů. Popsány jsou základní principy vícezónových modelů. Inverzní forma modelu byla využita k získání požadovaných výstupů, založených na dostupných geometrických a experimentálních datech. V příspěvku je nastíněn potenciál vícezónových modelů propojených s parametrickým generátorem geometrie spalovacího prostoru. Výsledky simulací oběhů zážehového motoru získané pomocí detailního 1-D modelu, který využívá výsledky zónových modelů, jsou porovnávány s experimentálními daty.
Morphology of Human Glioblastoma Model Cultured in Ovo
Authors: Szmidt Maciej , Urbańska Kaja , Grodzik Marta , Orłowski Piotr , Sawosz Ewa , Wierzbicki Mateusz , Sysa Paweł
Published: February 2013

The aim of this study was the morphological characterisation of glioblastoma multiforme tumour grown in ovo. Tumour cells (U-87 MG) were implanted on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken egg. The structural features of cultured tumours resembled the spontaneous glioblastoma multiforme; however, the differences were also indicated. Our results confirm applicability of in ovo culture in tumour genesis studies. The described novel model may be profoundly helpful for the future research on molecular mechanisms of tumour growth inhibition.
Influence of Invasion of Intracellular Parasites on Platelet Response in Dogs Based on Clinical Cases
Authors: Snarska Anna , Pomianowski Andrzej , Krystkiewicz Wioletta , Sobiech Przemysław , Lew Sylwia , Bednarek Dariusz
Published: February 2013

Blood morphology in dogs infected with intracellular parasites of the genera Babesia and Ehrlichia was examined. The parasites were detected in peripheral blood smears stained by the May-Grünwald-Giemsa method. During the parasitic invasion, a decrease in thrombocyte counts was observed. This was connected with forming platelet aggregates. It was noted that the number of giant platelets simultaneously increased.
Psychological characteristics of juvenile offenders with constant integration problems
Authors: Démuthová Slávka
Published: February 2013

The aim of this study is to identify the typical psychological, demographic, socio-economical, educational, health, and criminological characteristics of juvenile delinquents who tend to continue in their criminal career to adulthood and therefore obstruct the possibility of successful, non-offending integration to society. Subjects of research were young male prisoners jailed in the Juvenile imprisonment house that completed the test battery. By ex-post analysis after a period of five years, the differences between offenders and non-offenders were identified. Results show significant differences in the age of prisoners, length of imprisonment, presence of violent offence (esp. robbery) in the criminal history, number of previous offences recorded, differences in factors i, h, and q1 from the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, responses within the Hand test characteristic (affection, dependence, and communication), and in several signs of the drawings in a Draw-A-Person test. The importance and influence of listed factors is discussed.
Self-efficacy beliefs of youth entering the labour market
Authors: Kot Paweł , Rożnowski Bohdan
Published: February 2013

This article presents the psychological meaning of school-to-work transition. Transition to taking up new social roles entails numerous difficulties, and that is why young people see it as a crisis point. According to researchers one of the predictors of effective transition to the labour market is self-efficacy.

This article presents the two obtaining approaches to the psychology of self-efficacy beliefs. Both specific and generalized self-efficacy belief are good predictors of human behaviour, which has been repeatedly confirmed in the studies (main overview in this article).

The authors of this compilation have integrated the two dominating approaches into one theoretical model, taking account of the three levels of generality proposed by Rosch. By doing that, a theoretical model has been created which allows for organising self-efficacy beliefs relating to life roles into a three-level hierarchical structure.
T-Cell Receptor-G Gene Rearrangement Analysis in the Diagnosis of Patients with Erythroderma / Dijagnostički Značaj Analize Preuređenja Gena Gama Lanca T-Ćelijskog Receptora Kod Pacijenata Sa Eritrodermijom
Authors: Kandolf-Sekulović Lidija , Cikota Bojana , Dinić Miroslav , Škiljević Dušan , Magić Zvonko
Published: February 2013

The diagnosis of erythroderma is challenging, since clinical, histopathological and immunophenotypic findings are insufficient to differentiate between inflammatory and lymphomatous erythroderma. Thus, multiplex PCR was used for T-cell receptor-γ gene rearrangement analysis, in the skin and peripheral blood samples of 24 patients (20 men and 4 women) with erythroderma of varying origin, in order to estimate its diagnostic value. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was confirmed in 9, benign inflammatory dermatosis in 12, and idiopathic erythroderma and clonal dermatitis in 3 patients. In the group of patients with erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the dominant clone was detected in the skin of 8/9, and in none of the patients with inflammatory dermatoses. A dominant clone was found in peripheral blood of 5/6 samples of patients with erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and in 2/12 patients with inflammatory dermatosis. T-cell receptor-γ gene rearrangement analysis is valuable in differentiation between inflammatory and lymphomatous erythroderma, thus substantially improving the diagnosis of patients with erythroderma.
Actinic Keratosis: A New Approach to the Treatment / Aktinična Keratoza: Novi Pristup Lečenju
Authors: Karadaglić Đorđije , Jovanović Marina
Published: February 2013

Actinic keratosis is an intraepidermal proliferation of transformed, atypical keratinocytes, induced by exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. Many authors believe that it is the earliest form of squamous cell carcinoma. More than 40% of all metastatic squamous cell carcinomas develop from actinic keratosis. The clinical, histological and molecular characteristics of actinic keratosis are those of squamous cell carcinomas. Since it can be extremely hard to distinguish actinic keratosis from some squamous cell carcinomas, treatment can be rather difficult. The best treatment of actinic keratosis is its prevention. The main reason for therapy which is universally accepted, is prevention of squamous cell carcinoma. A number of options are available, but when considering the efficacy, invasive procedures remain the standard treatment. Treatment of individual lesions may prevent further progression of actinic damage present in the surrounding skin
Erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: Two case reports / Eritrodermalni kutani limfom T-ćelija - prikaz dva slučaja
Authors: Dinić Miroslav Ž. , Kandolf-Sekulovi Lidija , Mladenović Tomislav , Zečević Radoš D.
Published: February 2013

Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are Non-Hodgkin lymphomas where skin may be the only involved organ for a long time. The erythrodermic form of CTCL, including Sezary syndrome, with increased IgE concentration, eosinophilia and intense pruritus, may suggest atopic dermatitis, in the lack of evidence for diagnosis of T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. After vigorous research, two patients with erythroderma, increased IgE and eosinophilia, were not diagnosed with CTCL. Adult atopic dermatitis was diagnosed, based on clinical examination and histopathologic analysis of the skin sample. Therapy with oral cyclosporin A (CsA) and systemic corticosteroids were initiated, but the improvement was minimal and short-lived. Disease progression was noted in both patients, after a month of cyclosporine therapy: malaise, subfebrile and febrile temperatures, and development of generalized skin nodules were evident. In the first patient (aged 30) repeated examinations confirmed presence of Sezary cells in peripheral blood samples, dominant T-cell clone in the skin, peripheral blood and bone marrow, whereas the last repeated histopathologic analysis revealed T-lymphoproliferative skin disorder. In the second patient, (aged 44) primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed, based on histopathologic analysis of the newly appearing skin nodule. Differential diagnosis of erythroderma is always difficult, since clinical, histopathologic and immunophenotypic findings are frequently insufficient to differentiate between inflammatory and lymphomatous erythroderma. Treatment with cyclosporin A always demands carefull evaluation of the course of the disorder.
Genital superficial basall cell carcinoma - a case report / Bazocelularni karcinom kože u genitalnoj regiji - prikaz slučaja
Authors: Popadić Svetlana , Tanasilović Srđan , Živanović Dubravka , Medenica Ljiljana
Published: February 2013

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in the Caucasian population. However, BCC of the genitalia is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, only 30 patients with BCC of the genitalia have been reported in the literature so far. BCC usually occurs in individuals over the age of 50, on sun-exposed areas of the body, and it is more prevalent in females. Superficial BCCs account for approximately 10% of BCC, and are commonly found on the trunk or limbs. This is a report on a 55-year-old male patient with penile BCC, and a literature review on this condition. The patient presented with asymptomatic skin lesions in the genital area which progressed during the last 15 years. Before admission, the patient received: antimycotics, antiviral, antibacterial and corticosteroid therapy, but without any improvement. Examination of the proximal penile skin revealed a sharply marked, smooth and shiny erythematous plaque of about 3.3 x 2 cm, with whitish squamae in the central zone. The histopathology finding revealed a superficial BCC and total excision was recommended. Treatment of the superficial BCC depends on its size and location. It includes surgical removal with possible reconstruction, radiotherapy, application of immunomodulators, local chemotherapy and local retinoid therapy. Although this is an extremely rare type of BCC, it is important to keep in mind that it may affect body areas seldom exposed to direct sunlight.