bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Prediction Difficulty of Individual Cases in a Dataset using Machine Learning
Authors: Kwon Hyunjin , Greenberg Matthew , Josephson Colin , Lee Joon
Published: November 2023

Different levels of prediction difficulty are one of the key factors that researchers encounter when applying machine learning to data. Although previous studies have introduced various metrics for assessing the prediction difficulty of individual cases, these metrics require specific dataset preconditions. Additionally, evaluating these preconditions in real-world datasets can be challenging due to their diversity and complexity. In this paper, we propose three novel metrics for measuring the prediction difficulty of individual cases using fully-connected feedforward neural networks. The new metrics are designed to be universal metrics capable of calculating prediction difficulty in any dataset. The first metric is based on the complexity of the neural network needed to make a correct prediction. The second metric employs a pair of neural networks: one makes a prediction for a given case, and the other predicts whether the prediction made by the first model is likely to be correct. The third metric assesses the variability of the neural network’s predictions. We investigated these metrics using a variety of datasets, visualized their values, and compared them to existing metrics from the literature. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our metrics across diverse datasets. We expect our metrics will provide researchers with a new perspective on understanding their datasets and applying machine learning in various fields.
S-limonene loaded gum Arabic nanoparticles displayed anti-herpes viruses (HSV-1 & HSV-2) and heal wounds properties
Authors: Ahmed Habiba Abdelaziz , Salama Zeinab , Nassrallah Amr
Published: November 2023

Essential oils display wide industrial, pharmaceutical and cosmetics applications including food preservation, diseases treatment and antimicrobial agents. Essential oils are composite of a complex various volatile and terpenoid natural bioactive substances. In this study, the anti-herbal virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and wound healing properties of new formulated lemon essential oil derivative S-limonene loaded with gum Arabic were characterized. The physical properties of the new formula exhibited nano-characteristics based on morphological properties using TEM imaging, size using zeta sizer and linkage between gum Arabic (polymer) and s-limonene using FTIR analysis. S-Limonene-NPs exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 with 73.3 and 56.6%, respectively followed by native s-limonene with 46.6 and 40%, respectively. However, slightly antiviral properties were observed due to gum Arabic-NPs treatment of HSV-1 and HSV-2 with 6.6 and 3.3%, respectively. In another hand, s-limonene-NPs illustrate healing properties against Bj-1 fibroblast cell wound closure after 24 h followed by s-limonene in native form, while no significant effect of gum Arabic-NPs were detected compared to control. In conclusion, the preparation of s-limonene nanoparticles by covering them with gum Arabic showed biological activity as an anti-viral agent and wound healing potential.
Hyperoside Alleviates Macrophage-mediated Neuroinflammation And Oxidative Stress Through Activating PI3K/AKT And Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway Post Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Zhang Qinyang , Liu Xuepeng , Zhu Qing , Xia Min , Li Haijun
Published: November 2023

Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a troublesome and destructive disease in the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe sensory and locomotor damage. Neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress are secondary injuries after SCI, and treating SCI to with the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drug is an effective treatment method. Hyperoside (HYP), a Chinese medicinal herb, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammmation and anti-oxidative pharmacological effects.
Objective
In order to explore whether HYP can alleviate the secondary injury and promote the recovery of motor function after SCI.
Methods
Neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress were detected by western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) both in vitro and in vivo. HYP (10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected into SCI mice in vivo. Basso mouse scale scores and swimming test were performed to evaluate locomotor function recovery of SCI mice. Morphology were assessed by Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and Luxol Fast Blue staining following SCI.
Results
HYP decreased the level of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2) and oxidative stress-related indicators (NOX1, NOX2 and NOX4). Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) expression were increased by treating with HYP. Additionally, HYP upregulated transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). HYP administration decreased tissue deficiency, alleviated demyelination, protected neural structure and function, and promoted locomotor recovery post SCI.
Conclusion
HYP mitigated macrophage-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by activating the PI3K/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway post SCI. This research revealed that HYP contributed a neuroprotective effect to reduce nervous tissue damage and promoting locomotor recovery after SCI.
The association between gut microbiota and frozen shoulder: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Jiajun , Jiang Xiaofeng , Shen Yaya , Fu Xianzhao
Published: November 2023

Background
Current understanding of the link between gut microbiota (GM) and frozen shoulder (FS) remains limited. This study employs the R software for a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate their causal relationship.
Method
Our study is based on publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). It utilizes GM data from 18,340 participants as the exposure and FSdata from 451,099 individuals as the outcome. The primary analytical method employed is the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach. Complementary analyses include the weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Additionally, heterogeneity is assessed using the Cochran Q test. Pleiotropy is evaluated using the MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO analysis. The robustness of our findings is ensured through leave-one-out analysis.
Results
The IVW analysis reveals that certain GM, including Gammaproteobacteria (OR = 0.83, p = 0.019), Bifidobacteriales (OR = 0.85, p = 0.018), Alcaligenaceae (OR = 0.88, p = 0.047), Bifidobacteriaceae (OR = 0.85, p = 0.018), Lachnospiraceae UCG-004 (OR = 0.87, p = 0.038), Lactobacillus (OR = 0.91, p = 0.042), and Ruminococcaceae UCG-003 (OR = 0.83, p = 0.009), act as protective factors against FS. Conversely, Alphaproteobacteria (OR = 1.19, p = 0.007), Peptococcaceae (OR = 1.15, p = 0.028), and Porphyromonadaceae (OR = 1.24, p = 0.016) are identified as risk factors for FS. The reliability of these findings is bolstered by a series of rigorous tests.。
Conclusion
A potential causal link between FS and specific types of GM has been confirmed in the current study.
Modelling and predicting soil carbon sequestration: is current model structure fit for purpose?
Authors: Davoudabadi Mohammad Javad , Pagendam Daniel , Drovandi Christopher , Baldock Jeff , White Gentry
Published: November 2023

Soil carbon accounting and prediction play a key role in building decision support systems for land managers selling carbon credits, in the spirit of the Paris and Kyoto protocol agreements. Land managers typically rely on computationally complex models fit using sparse datasets to make these accounts and predictions. The model complexity and sparsity of the data can lead to over-fitting, leading to inaccurate results when making predictions with new data. Modellers address over-fitting by simplifying their models and reducing the number of parameters, and in the current context this could involve neglecting some soil organic carbon (SOC) components. In this study, we introduce two novel SOC models and a new RothC-like model and investigate how the SOC components and complexity of the SOC models affect the SOC prediction in the presence of small and sparse time series data. We develop model selection methods that can identify the soil carbon model with the best predictive performance, in light of the available data. Through this analysis we reveal that commonly used complex soil carbon models can over-fit in the presence of sparse time series data, and our simpler models can produce more accurate predictions.
Determinants and relationships of above- and below-ground plant traits in typical marsh wetlands in northern China
Authors: Liu Yifan , Chen Xuan-Zheng , Shao Fei-Fan , Wang Rong , Chen Yu-Han , Luo Fang-Li , Zhu Yao-Jun , Yu Fei-Hai
Published: November 2023

Background and Aims
Plant traits are the results of plant evolutionary and environmental drivers operating at different scales. Although the relationship between above- and below-ground traits of terrestrial plants has been advanced, little is known about above- and below-ground traits of wetland plants, their relationship and influencing factors across a large scale.
Methods
Species coverage, and above- and below-ground plant traits were measured in nine typical marsh wetlands of northern China. Differences in plant traits at both species- and community-level among wetlands and between low and high soil moisture conditions, correlations between above- and below-ground traits of clonal plants, and the influencing environmental factors were analyzed.
Results
Plant traits at both species- and community-level were significantly higher in Daihai and Qingtongxia wetlands than that in other wetlands, which was influenced by combined effects of precipitation, soil nutrients, and temperature. Plant traits at both levels were generally higher under high than low soil moisture conditions. At the species level, the coordinated relationships were found between above- and below-ground traits of clonal plants under both low and high soil moisture conditions across all wetlands; while a trade-off relationship was found between internode diameter and length of clonal plants.
Conclusions
Plant traits exhibited the similar pattern among wetlands at both levels, but performed better at high soil moisture conditions in marsh wetlands. Coordinated relationships between above- and below-ground traits will be further clarified whether such coordination can be also seen in other wetland ecosystems.
Dietary Resveratrol Improves the Flesh Quality of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) by Enhancing Myofiber Growth, Nutrient Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacity
Authors: Yang Shiyong , Zhang Jiajin , Xu Zihan , Shao Wuyuntana , Pang Xiaojian , Li Datian , Huang Xiaoli , Luo Wei , Du Zongjun , Li Yunkun , Wu Jiayun , Du Xiaogang
Published: November 2023

Background
In aquaculture, sturgeons are generally kept in the confined spaces, which not only restricts sturgeon movement, but also further threatens their flesh quality. As a typical antioxidant, resveratrol has been shown in many studies to improve the meat quality of livestock and poultry. However, the mechanism of resveratrol's effect on the muscle of Siberian sturgeon is still unclear.
Results
In this study, we observed that the myofiber diameter and the expression levels of mTORC1 and MYH9 in muscle were increased after resveratrol was added to the daily diet, indicating that resveratrol may promote muscle growth. In addition, the content of the amino acids in muscle of Siberian sturgeon was increased to some extent after feeding on resveratrol. Moreover, antioxidant capacity markers (CAT, LDH and SOD) levels were increased in muscle after feeding with 0.16 mg/kg of resveratrol. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis displayed that ROS production-related pathways ("Oxidative phosphorylation" and "Chemical carcinogenes-reactive oxygen species") were enriched in KEGG analysis, and the expression levels of genes related to the production of ROS (COX4, COX6A, ATPeF1A, etc) in mitochondria were significantly down-regulated, while the expression levels of genes related to scavenging ROS (SOD1) were up-regulated.
Conclusions
In summary, our study provides an evidence that resveratrol can promote the flesh quality of Siberian sturgeon by enhancing myofiber growth, nutritional value and the antioxidant capacity of muscle, which has certain reference significance for the development of a new type of feed for Siberian sturgeon.
Comparison of substernal and posterior mediastinal route of reconstruction after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Dat Tran Quang , Thong Dang Quang , Nguyen Doan Thuy , Hai Nguyen Viet , Bac Nguyen Hoang , Long Vo Duy
Published: November 2023

Background
Substernal (ST) and posterior mediastinal (PM) routes are the two most common for reconstruction after esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis. Recent evidence showed similar outcomes between the routes; thus, the superior choice remained controversial. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of the ST to the PM route for reconstruction after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer (EC).
Method
This retrospective cohort study included 132 patients who underwent McKeown minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with gastric conduit for EC between March 2015 and December 2022. Among these, eighty-nine and forty-three patients received the ST route and PM route for reconstruction, respectively. Short-term outcomes including operative characteristics, postoperative morbidity, and mortality were evaluated.
Result
There was no conversion from ST to PM route. The ST group had longer operating time (375 mins vs. 341 mins). Oral feeding initiation, postoperative hospital stays, and overall complication rates were comparable in the two groups. The rate and severity of anastomotic leakage were similar between the groups. The ST group had a significantly lower incidence of postoperative ICU admission and pneumonia compared to the PM group (5.6% vs. 16.3% and 19.1% vs. 37.2%, respectively). Azygos vein bleeding, obstruction at feeding jejunostomy site, and conduit–trachea fistula were severe complications that only occurred in PM route.
Conclusion
ST route was superior to PM route in term of postoperative ICU admission and pneumonia. This route may prevent severe complications that only occur in PM route. ST route can be favorable option for reconstruction after McKeown MIE for EC.
Divergent perspectives on the synergistic impacts of thermal-chemical stress on aquatic biota within the framework of climate change scenarios
Authors: Fathy Ragaa Fikry
Published: November 2023

Climate change, particularly global warming, leads to increased temperatures in aquatic ecosystems, impacting aquatic organisms by altering pollutant toxicity levels. Existing research has mainly focused on chemical stress in aquatic biota, with limited knowledge about how these chemicals interact with climate change, especially elevated temperatures. This review paper examines the potential impacts of thermochemical stress on a broad range of aquatic organisms in both freshwater and marine ecosystems, including vertebrates and invertebrates. The study aims to provide the latest insights into the effects of elevated water temperatures (without chemical stress) and thermochemical stress on various biochemical and physiological processes in aquatic fauna and their significant implications for biodiversity and sustainability. This underscores the pressing need for comprehensive investigations and scientific reports to address this critical environmental issue and develop sustainable solutions, particularly in light of the combined risks posed by anthropogenic pollutants (climate change and chemical pollution).
Nurses’ perceptions regarding their own professionalism attributes to quality neonatal, infant and under-5 childcare
Authors: Lesao Dibolelo Adeline , Rabie Tinda , Lubbe Welma , Scholtz Suegnet
Published: November 2023

Background
Professional nurses are trained to provide quality care. Despite their skill, neonates, infants, and under-5 children mortality rates are high, and healthcare is challenged to reach sustainable development goal number 3 of healthy lives and to reduce the mortality rates.
Methods
This study employed a qualitative exploratory, descriptive design to explore and describe professional nurses’ professionalism attributes to provide quality care to neonates, infants, and under-5 children in the North West Province. Eight naïve sketches of an all-inclusive sample of invited professional nurses (N = 25; n = 8) were received. The naïve sketch questions were based on the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario’s professionalism attributes. Tesch’s eight data analysis steps were used with an independent coder’s assistance.
Results
The categories included (1) knowledge, (2) spirit of inquiry, (3) accountability, (4) autonomy, (5) advocacy, (6) collegiality and collaboration, (7) ethics and values) and (8) professional reputation with their respective themes and sub-themes.
Conclusion
Professional nurses are aware of their nursing professionalism attributes in quality of care in neonates, infants and under-5 children, ‘innovation and visionary’ attribute did not emerge, which should receive more attention to strengthen the quality of care. However, the attribute ‘professional reputation’ newly emerged in the South African context.
Estimating the Trial-by-Trial Learning Curve in Perceptual Learning with Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling
Authors: Zhao Yukai , Liu Jiajuan , Dosher Barbara Anne , Lu Zhong-Lin
Published: November 2023

The learning curve serves as a crucial metric for assessing human performance in perceptual learning. It may encompass various component processes, including general learning, between-session forgetting or consolidation, and within-session rapid relearning and adaptation or deterioration. Typically, empirical learning curves are constructed by aggregating tens or hundreds of trials of data in blocks or sessions. Here, we devised three inference procedures for estimating the trial-by-trial learning curve based on the multi-component functional form identified in Zhao et al. (submitted): general learning, between-session forgetting, and within-session rapid relearning and adaptation. These procedures include a Bayesian inference procedure (BIP) estimating the posterior distribution of parameters for each learner independently, and two hierarchical Bayesian models (HBMv and HBMc) computing the joint posterior distribution of parameters and hyperparameters at the population, subject, and test levels. The HBMv and HBMc incorporate variance and covariance hyperparameters, respectively, between and within subjects. We applied these procedures to data from two studies investigating the interaction between feedback and training accuracy in Gabor orientation identification across about 2000 trials spanning six sessions (Liu et al., 2010, 2012) and estimated the trial-by-trial learning curves at both the subject and population levels. The HBMc generated best fits to the data and the smallest half width of 68.2% credible interval of the learning curves compared to the BIP and HBMv. The parametric HBMc with the multi-component functional form provides a general framework for trial-by-trial analysis of the component processes in perceptual learning and for predicting the learning curve in unmeasured time points.
Challenge to universites ranking – how to improve subjective reputation scores
Authors: Henneberg Maciej , Rühli Frank
Published: November 2023

Rankings of universities made available to the wide public became ubiquitous despite of voluminous critical discussions of their construction and impacts. Recent rankings by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) and Times Higher Education (THE) were explored. In this analysis we aim at identifying effectiveness of improving those specific indicators of university performance that can be influenced by internal management of universities. Ranks awarded to the top 100 universities by the two systems correlate poorly (R2=0.40), but share common characteristics of being principally influenced by variables including subjective opinions on reputations of academic activities (R2 range 0.59-0.84) while objective quantitative variables, like numbers of citations, or student/staff ratios influence ranking sores to the lesser degree (R2 respectively 0.22-0.32 and 0.13-0.22). Although budgets of the top 100 universities do not correlate strongly with their ranks in the QS and in the THE systems (R2 respectively 0.13 and 0.16), average budgets of 25 top universities in both systems (around 4 billion US$) are roughly double of average budgets of the remaining 75 universities (slightly less than 2 billion US$). Since reputations cannot be directly influenced by decisions of university managements, the practical steps these managements can take to improve ranking of their universities are to improve staff/student ratios, increase quality of publications and to increase budgets. Cultivating alumni may help a little to achieve better reputations. Since it is practically impossible to double universities budgets from one year to the next, the practical solution is to merge universities.
Brane detectors of a dynamical phase transition in a driven CFT
Authors: Das Suchetan , Ezhuthachan Bobby , Kundu Arnab , Porey Somnath , Baishali Roy , Sengupta Krishnendu
Published: November 2023

We show that a dynamical transition from a non-heating to a heating phase of a periodic SL(2,\mathbb{R})SL(2,ℝ) driven two dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) with a large central charge is perceived as a first order transition by a bulk brane embedded in the dual AdS. We construct the dual bulk metric corresponding to a driven CFT for both the heating and the non-heating phases. These metrics are different AdS_22 slices of the pure AdS_33 metric. We embed a brane in the obtained dual AdS space and provide an explicit computation of its free energy both in the probe limit and for an end-of-world (EOW) brane taking into account its backreaction. Our analysis indicates a finite discontinuity in the first derivative of the brane free energy as one moves from the non-heating to the heating phase (by tuning the drive amplitude and/or frequency of the driven CFT) thus demonstrating the presence of the bulk first order transition. Interestingly, no such transition is perceived by the bulk in the absence of the brane. We also provide explicit computations of two-point, four-point out-of-time correlators (OTOC) using the bulk picture. Our analysis shows that the structure of these correlators in different phases match their counterparts computed in the driven CFT. We analyze the effect of multiple EOW branes in the bulk and discuss possible extensions of our work for richer geometries and branes.
On the unexpected fate of scientific ideas: An archeology of the Carroll group
Authors: Lévy-Leblond Jean-Marc
Published: November 2023

In 1965, I published a paper, exhibiting a hitherto unknown limit of the Lorentz group, which I christened “Carroll group” due to its seemingly paradoxical physical contents. Since I saw it as more curious than relevant, I published it in French in a journal somewhat afar from the mainstream of theoretical physics at that time. It was most gratifying to witness the quite unexpected favour this paper started to enjoy half a century later, so much that a so-called “Carrollian physics” is now developing, with applications in various domains of forefront theoretical physics, such as quantum gravitation, supersymmetry, string theory, etc. I offer this narrative as an example of the very diverse time scales with which scientific ideas may develop — or not.
Integrability for Feynman integrals
Authors: Loebbert Florian
Published: November 2023

We give a brief overview of the Yangian symmetry of Feynman integrals. After a short introduction to the Yangian and integrability, we motivate the emergence of integrable structures for Feynman integrals via the fishnet limit of AdS/CFT. We discuss the resulting Yangian differential equations for massless fishnets in four dimensions as well as generalizations to massive propagators and generic dimensions. We also comment on the relation to momentum space conformal symmetry and on examples in dimensional regularization. Finally we sketch the recent application to fishnet integrals in two spacetime dimensions and the curious identification of Yangian invariants with period integrals of Calabi-Yau geometries.
Kurt Bernardo Wolf memorial lecture
Authors: Pogosyan George , del Olmo Mariano A.
Published: November 2023

A personal view of the Mexican mathematical physicist Kurt Bernardo Wolf (1942-2022) is presented here.
Two entangled and scientifically impactful lives: Jiří Patera, Pavel Winternitz and the Montréal school of mathematical physics
Authors: Vinet Luc
Published: November 2023

This text offers a personal account of the scientific legacy of two giants of mathematical physics at the turn of the Millenium and their heritage in Canada, their land of adoption.
The tower of Kontsevich deformations for Nambu-Poisson structures on $\mathbb{R}^d$: Dimension-specific micro-graph calculus
Authors: Buring Ricardo , Kiselev Arthemy V.
Published: November 2023

In Kontsevich’s graph calculus, internal vertices of directed graphs are inhabited by multi - vectors, e.g., Poisson bi - vectors; the Nambu - determinant Poisson brackets are differential - polynomial in the Casimir(s) and density \varrho𝜚 times Levi - Civita symbol. We resolve the old vertices into subgraphs such that every new internal vertex contains one Casimir or one Levi - Civita symbol×\varrho𝜚. Using this micro - graph calculus, we show that Kontsevich’s tetrahedral \gamma_3γ3-flow on the space of Nambu - determinant Poisson brackets over \mathbb{R}^3ℝ3 is a Poisson coboundary: we realize the trivializing vector field X over \mathbb{R}^3ℝ3 using micro - graphs. This X projects to the known trivializing vector field for the \gamma_3γ3-flow over \mathbb{R}^2ℝ2.
Hilbert space structure and classical limit of the low energy sector of U(N) quantum Hall ferromagnets
Authors: Calixto Manuel , Mayorgas Alberto , Guerrero Julio
Published: November 2023

Using the Lieb–Mattis ordering theorem of electronic energy levels, we identify and construct the Hilbert space of the low energy sector of U(N) quantum Hall/Heisenberg ferromagnets at filling factor M for L Landau/lattice sites. The carrier Hilbert space of irreducible representations of U(N) is described by rectangular Young tableaux of M rows and L columns, and associated with Grassmannian phase spaces U(N)/U(M)×U(N-M). Replacing U(N)-spin operators by their expectation values in a Grassmannian coherent state allows for a semi-classical treatment of the low energy U(N)-spin-wave coherent excitations (skyrmions) of U(N) quantum Hall ferromagnets in terms of Grasmannian nonlinear sigma models.
Generalisation of affine Lie algebras on compact real manifolds
Authors: Campoamor-Stursberg Rutwig , de Montigny Marc , Rausch de Traubenberg Michel
Published: November 2023

We report on recent work concerning a new type of generalised Kac-Moody algebras based on the spaces of differentiable mappings from compact manifolds or homogeneous spaces onto compact Lie groups.
Corporate governance components and intellectual capital: Evidence from Jordanian banks
Authors: Fawzi Shubita Mohammad , Habis Alrawashedh Nahed
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impact of corporate governance components on intellectual capital performance in Jordanian banks. The research purpose is to gain insights into the relationship between various corporate governance components, including board size, board independence, CEO duality, and concentration of ownership, and their influence on intellectual capital efficiency. Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis is employed using data from 156 Jordanian banks by adding two control variables, total assets, and return on equity (ROE) to explore their potential influence. The obtained results reveal significant associations between certain corporate governance factors and intellectual capital efficiency. Ownership concentration demonstrates a direct and statistically relationship with IC performance, indicating that more concentrated ownership leads to improved management and utilization of intellectual capital resources. Additionally, return on equity shows a significant positive correlation with intellectual capital efficiency (Adj R2 was 22.5%). However, the study does not find significant relationships between board size, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) duality, and board independence with intellectual capital efficiency in Jordanian banks. These results suggest that the impact of these governance factors on IC performance may be more context-dependent and nuanced within the banking industry.
First-line treatment option for patients with ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC
Authors: Kornietskaya A. L. , Bolotina L. V. , Evdokimova S. F. , Prizova N. S. , Karagodina Yu. B. , Savchina V. V. , Fedenko A. A.
Published: November 2023

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that occupies a leading place in the pattern of cancer incidence and mortality is a highly heterogeneous group of diseases. The presence of a wide spectrum of NSCLC driver mutations has led to a fundamentally different understanding of the treatment strategy for this cohort of patients and a significant improvement in long-term oncological outcomes, even in the metastatic process. Chromosomal rearrangements involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene loci on chromosome 2 are found in approximately 3–5% of patients with metastatic NSCLC (mNSCLC) and in most cases are associated not only with a number of specific clinical features, but also with high sensitivity to targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Crizotinib was the first approved ALK inhibitor, but although most patients achieved response within the first two years after start of the treatment, disease progression occurred often due to intracranial injury. The development of second-(ceritinib, alectinib), brigatinib and third-generation (lorlatinib) drugs has led to a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) rates, as well as control over intracranial manifestations of the disease and a change in the initial treatment strategy for these patients. In addition, new-generations of TKIs were developed to solve the problem of acquired resistance, as well as to achieve the best outcomes in the presence of such unfavourable factors as the presence of a TP53 mutation and/or ALK inhibitor low-sensitive translocation variants of the intracellular kinase domain of EML4 (echinoderm microtubule‐associated protein‐like 4)‐ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) protein. Thus, advances in the therapeutic options for ALK-positive mNSCLC has completely changed the course of the disease, resulting in a significant increase in overall survival (OS) rates not only with the sequential use of different generation TKIs, but also with the choice of the most effective first-line option. In this article, we present an analysis of data on the efficacy and toxicity of lorlatinib, a third-generation TKI, in the first-line treatment for ALK+ mNSCLC.
Keterampilan sosial pustakawan dalam memberikan layanan prima kepada pemustaka di era Information, Communication and Technology (ICT)
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The aim of this research is to provide knowledge to librarians that the importance of social skills is seen from attitudes and behavior in providing excellent service. Library services are an important indicator in determining user satisfaction. So librarians need to focus on user-oriented services.Methodology. The type of research used in this paper is library research. Data collection was obtained through reference books, scientific journals, relevant research related to research and other sources of information that support this research. The literature data taken comes from 2017-2022. The data analysis technique begins with the researcher obtaining library sources which the researcher collects first from various sources, then arranges them and classifies them, then analyzes them, classifies them and interprets them to obtain conclusions.Results and discussion. The results showed that the social skills that librarians should have in providing primary services to users using the principles of people-based service and service excellence are aimed at satisfying their libraries, increasing loyalty, and increasing the number of libraries visiting the library. Moreover, in terms of service, at least a librarian must have competence in the current era of information and information technology. The four categories that he must have are knowledge, skill, affective, and pragmatic model approaches. These four things are the basis for the librarian's activity, especially the section of service.Conclusions. The role of librarians in the era of information, communication, and technology (ICT) must be an agent of change for society.  It aims to provide excellent service to users, thereby improving the quality of libraries in the eyes of the public with the hope that the library becoming the center of community activity in study life.
Scrutinate proclivity of regional aquifer hydraulic parameters: apriorisms for borehole failures within parts of the middle Benue Trough, Nigeria
Authors: Joshua Ayua Kuma , Anthony John Ilozobhie , Ikechukwu Eju Daniel , Ebuka Agbasi Okechukwu
Published: November 2023

Water borehole failures in Nigeria's middle Benue Trough are caused by imprecise aquifer features. This study employed empirical data to understand hydraulic parameters, anticipate regional groundwater potential, and explain borehole failures in difficult geological locations. 89 VES stations and quantitative data interpretation were required to determine the geoelectric properties beneath each station. Aquifer layers were delineated and their resistivity and thickness combined using geo-environment specific relations to yield transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity for both basement complex and sedimentary environments variously. Results show that aquifer resistivity ranges from 4.5 – 984.4 ohm-m; aquifer layer thickness varies from 4.4 m – 96.7 m with average thicknesses in sedimentary environment considerably greater; hydraulic conductivities range from 0.056 – 30.15 m/day, Transmissivity values range from 0.31 – 1281.36 m2/day. Log transformed transmissivity values range from 3.51 – 7.1 m2/day. Approximately 60.34% of the entire study area falls within transmissivity magnitude III and IV and can only support withdrawals for local water supply adequate for small communities and private consumption only and this may be the inferred cause for the low yield and high borehole failure rates. Understanding hydraulic characteristics is critical for 6controlling groundwater; research advances knowledge of transmissivity and conductivity in complex terrain.
Economic benefits of water resources based on input–output model
Authors: Dong Zhonghui , Li Shanshen , Zhao Peiyu
Published: November 2023

To relieve environmental stress on water resources and promote stable socio-economic development, this article combined input–output models to analyze water resource utilization and development and to classify economic benefits. Based on this, an in-depth study was conducted on the economic benefits of water resources. Taking Hubei Province as an example, from the perspective of industrial structure, an empirical analysis was conducted on the water use benefits of various industries through input–output of water resources. The results showed that the mechanical industry and the transportation industry had the highest relative output coefficients, reaching 12.17 and 15.21, respectively. According to the results, the economic benefits of water resources in the secondary and tertiary industries of Hubei Province were relatively ideal. In practical development, industry-leading advantages could be utilized to optimize water resources management, innovate water use models and technologies, promote the improvement of agricultural water utilization rate and thus promote sustainable development of water resources.
Growth of microalgae adapted to high-light temperature conditions in different types of wastewater
Authors: Abdel-Shafy Hussein , Moghazy Reda , Mansour Mona , Kerner Martin
Published: November 2023

To obtain microalgae strains adapted to wastewater in the Mediterranean region, microalgae present in the Nile River were cultivated at both high-light temperature (HLT) and low-light temperature (LLT) conditions. It was found that the species which became dominant under HLT was chlorophyta of the genus Scenedesmus. In contrast, under LLT, bacillariophyta became dominant. The microalgae strain (Scenedesmus arcuatus) was subsequently isolated and cultivated in different types of primary treated wastewater under HLT and LLT conditions. The different types of primary treated wastewater were black water (BW), grey water (GW), and sewage water (SW). Growth rates reached during the exponential phase at HLT using GW, BW, and SW were between 0.38 and 0.4 (day−1). At LLT, 1.5–2.7 folds of lower growth rates were determined due to limitation by CO2. Removal of COD and inorganic N and P from sewage wastewater reached up to 88, 96, and 100%, respectively. Results thus indicate that microalgae adapted to the climate conditions can be efficiently used for COD removal and nutrient recovery from wastewater in the Mediterranean.
Polski wygnaniec. Teofil Lenartowicz w oczach Giovanniego Papiniego
Authors: Ślarzyńska Małgorzata
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on giovanni Papini’s little-known short story L’esule polacco from the volume Passato remoto (1948) and the encounter between teofil Lenartowicz and the Italian writer described in it. The meeting between the teenage Papini, who was wandering with his father through the hills around Florence, and the elderly Polish poet, who had been in Italy for years, took place in 1892. Papini’s reminiscence evoked the most important elements of the characteristics of the figure and oeuvre of Lenartowicz, in whom the Italian writer immediately recognised a true poet. Papini’s reminiscence about of Lenartowicz left a trace in the perception of later Polish emigration in Italy, as evidenced by the recalled text by Leonardo kociemski. The article is accompanied by a translation of the short story L’esule polacco, previously not translated into Polish.
ALGUNOS ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS DE LA CHOLGA DE MAGALLANES Aulacomya ater Mol.
Authors: Solis Ivan , Lozada L. Eliana
Published: November 2023

Ha sido constante preocupación para la División de Pesca y Caza del Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, adquirir la mayor información posible sobre los recursos acuáticos chilenos y conocer su comportamiento biológico, para ubicar adecuadamente los vedas.Con este propósito, en mayo de 1965 se inició el estudio de la cholga en Putemún, Chiloé, a fin de conocer su período de reproducción, experiencias que concluyeron en 1967 (Lozada, 1968).

En el caso específico de la cholga (Aulacomya ater) se dió mayor énfasis e importancia a las investigaciones, por tratarse de un molusco de alto interés económico y por la indiscriminada extracción a que ha sido sometido observándose ya un agotamiento de los bancos naturales, especialmente en el área central y sur-austral del país.
¿Qué relación hay entre el Pireo y el desarrollo del primer libro de República?
Authors: Osorio Arteaga Emanuel
Published: November 2023

La dramatización de los diálogos compagina perfectamente con el resto del contenido filosófico, histórico y literario. Teniendo en cuenta este aspecto, se va a proponer una nueva interpretación del porqué el Pireo es el lugar idóneo para desarrollar el primer libro de República; buscar si hay relación entre aquel y la justicia. Dentro de la discusión del tema, se encuentran las interpretaciones de Roochnik, D (2009) y Domingo, P (1985), las cuales implican la aparición del Pireo en el diálogo por su simbolismo histórico que, a su vez es representado en los interlocutores del diálogo. Se suma la interpretación de Blackburn, S (2015), el cual menciona que Platón pone de manifiesto una discusión moral. Adicionalmente, se anexa la interpretación de Vallejo, A (2018), pues dice que el Pireo es un lugar tranquilo, perfecto para reflexionar sobre cuestiones políticas, lejos de la ciudad de Atenas, la cual recuerda en cierta medida, los enfrentamientos políticos. Asimismo, se utilizará todas las características que ofrece el Pireo, sumado a las razones personales de Platón, y Sócrates, para plantear el porqué del escenario y su relación con la justicia.
Innovative Design and Development of Personalized Ankle-Foot Orthoses for Survivors of Stroke With Equinovarus Foot: Protocol for a Feasibility and Comparative Trial
Authors: Silva Rui , Morouço Pedro , Lains Jorge , Amorim Paula , Alves Nuno , Veloso António Prieto
Published: November 2023

Background

Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are vital in gait rehabilitation for patients with stroke. However, many conventional AFO designs may not offer the required precision for optimized patient outcomes. With the advent of 3D scanning and printing technology, there is potential for more individualized AFO solutions, aiming to enhance the rehabilitative process.

Objective

This nonrandomized trial seeks to introduce and validate a novel system for AFO design tailored to patients with stroke. By leveraging the capabilities of 3D scanning and bespoke software solutions, the aim is to produce orthoses that might surpass conventional designs in terms of biomechanical effectiveness and patient satisfaction.

Methods

A distinctive 3D scanner, complemented by specialized software, will be developed to accurately capture the biomechanical data of leg movements during gait in patients with stroke. The acquired data will subsequently guide the creation of patient-specific AFO designs. These personalized orthoses will be provided to participants, and their efficacy will be compared with traditional AFO models. The qualitative dimensions of this experience will be evaluated using the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction With Assistive Technology (QUEST) assessment tool. Feedback from health care professionals and the participants will be considered throughout the trial to ensure a rounded understanding of the system’s implications.

Results

Spatial-temporal parameters will be statistically compared using paired t tests to determine significant differences between walking with the personalized orthosis, the existing orthosis, and barefoot conditions. Significant differences will be identified based on P values, with P<.05 indicating statistical significance. The Statistical Parametric Mapping method will be applied to graphically compare kinematic and kinetic data across the entire gait cycle. QUEST responses will undergo statistical analysis to evaluate patient satisfaction, with scores ranging from 1 (not satisfied) to 5 (very satisfied). Satisfaction scores will be presented as mean and SD values. Significant variations in satisfaction levels between the personalized and existing orthosis will be assessed using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. The anticipation is that the AFOs crafted through this innovative system will either match or outperform existing orthoses in use, with higher patient satisfaction rates.

Conclusions

Embracing the synergy of technology and biomechanics may hold the key to revolutionizing orthotic design, with the potential to set new standards in patient-centered orthotic solutions. However, as with all innovations, a balanced approach, considering both the technological possibilities and individual patient needs, will be paramount to achieving optimal outcomes.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/52365
Effects of a Gamified Agent-Based System for Personalized Elderly Care: Pilot Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Martinho Diogo , Crista Vítor , Carneiro João , Matsui Kenji , Corchado Juan Manuel , Marreiros Goreti
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The global percentage of older people has increased significantly over the last decades. Information and communication technologies have become essential to develop and motivate them to pursue healthier ways of living. This paper examines a personalized coaching health care service designed to maintain living conditions and active aging among older people. Among the technologies the service includes, we highlight the use of both gamification and cognitive assistant technologies designed to support older people and an application combining a cognitive virtual assistant to directly interact with the older person and provide feedback on their current health condition and several gamification techniques to motivate the older person to stay engaged with the application and pursuit of healthier daily habits.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study aimed to investigate the feasibility and usability of a gamified agent-based system for older people and obtain preliminary results on the effectiveness of the intervention regarding physical activity health outcomes.

METHODS

The study was designed as an intervention study comparing pre- and posttest results. The proposed gamified agent-based system was used by 12 participants over 7 days (1 week), and step count data were collected with access to the Google Fit application programming interface. Step count data after the intervention were compared with average step count data before the intervention (average daily values over a period of 4 weeks before the intervention). A　1-tailed Student t test was used to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Usability was measured using the System Usability Scale questionnaire, which was answered by 8 of the 12 participants in the study.

RESULTS

The posttest results showed significant pre- to posttest changes (P=.30; 1-tailed Student t test) with a moderate effect size (Cohen d=0.65). The application obtained an average usability score of 78.

CONCLUSIONS

The presented pilot was validated, showing the positive health effects of using gamification techniques and a virtual cognitive assistant. Additionally, usability metrics considered for this study confirmed high adherence and interest from most participants in the pilot.