bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Minimal Phenomenal Experience questionnaire (MPE-92M): Towards a phenomenological profile of “pure awareness” experiences in meditators
Authors: Gamma Alex , Metzinger Thomas
Published: July 2021

Objective

To develop a fine-grained phenomenological analysis of “pure awareness” experiences in meditators.

Methods

An online survey in five language versions (German, English, French, Spanish, Italian) collected data from January to March 2020. A total of 92 questionnaire items on a visual analogue scale were submitted to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

Out of 3627 submitted responses, 1403 were usable. Participants had a median age of 52 years (range: 17–88) and were evenly split between men and women (48.5% vs 50.0%). The majority of meditators practiced regularly (77.3%), were free of diagnosed mental disorders (92.4%) and did not regularly use any psychoactive substances (84.0%). Vipassana (43.9%) followed by Zen (34.9%) were the most frequently practiced meditation techniques. German (63.4%) and English (31.4%) were by far the most frequent questionnaire languages. A solution with 12 factors explaining 44% of the total variance was deemed optimal under joint conceptual and statistical considerations. The factors were named “Time, Effort and Desire,” “Peace, Bliss and Silence,” “Self-Knowledge, Autonomous Cognizance and Insight,” “Wakeful Presence,” “Pure Awareness in Dream and Sleep,” “Luminosity,” “Thoughts and Feelings,” “Emptiness and Non-egoic Self-awareness,” “Sensory Perception in Body and Space,” “Touching World and Self,” “Mental Agency,” and “Witness Consciousness.” This factor structure fit the data moderately well.

Conclusions

We have previously posited a phenomenological prototype for the experience of “pure awareness” as it occurs in the context of meditation practice. Here we offer a tentative 12-factor model to describe its phenomenal character in a fine-grained way. The current findings are in line with an earlier study extracting semantic constraints for a working definition of minimal phenomenal experience.
A methodology for supplier selection under the curse of dimensionality problem based on fuzzy quality function deployment and interval data envelopment analysis
Authors: Bao Xi , Li Fenfen
Published: July 2021

Supplier selection is an important decision-making problem, which involves many quantitative and qualitative factors incorporating vagueness and imprecision. This study proposes a novel fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making framework for supplier selection, which integrates quality function deployment (QFD) and interval data envelopment analysis (DEA). The proposed methodology allows for considering the relationships among the product features and supplier evaluation criteria (SEs) and the impacts of inner dependence among SEs by constructing a house of quality (HOQ). Considering that the number of supplier evaluation indicators is greater than the number of suppliers in some cases, the curse of dimensionality problem usually exists. To solve this problem, we combine the HOQ, interval DEA models, and forward-stepwise selection approach to screen supplier evaluation indicators and select the best supplier(s). Through the two-stage supplier selection method, we can achieve the double screening of indicators and determine the final supplier(s). Finally, the application of the proposed framework is demonstrated through a numerical example and a sensitivity analysis is also carried out to verify the stability of the proposed methodology. This study focuses on supplier selection based on the combination of fuzzy QFD and interval DEA, and also provide a new two-phase methodology for DEA indicator screening.
Computational modeling of the cephalic arch predicts hemodynamic profiles in patients with brachiocephalic fistula access receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Hammes Mary , Moya-Rodriguez Andres , Bernstein Cameron , Nathan Sandeep , Navuluri Rakesh , Basu Anindita
Published: July 2021

Background

The most common configuration for arteriovenous fistula is brachiocephalic which often develop cephalic arch stenosis leading to the need for numerous procedures to maintain access patency. The hemodynamics that contributes to the development of cephalic arch stenosis is incompletely understood given the inability to accurately determine shear stress in the cephalic arch. In the current investigation our aim was to determine pressure, velocity and wall shear stress profiles in the cephalic arch in 3D using computational modeling as tools to understand stenosis.

Methods

Five subjects with brachiocephalic fistula access had protocol labs, Doppler, venogram and intravascular ultrasound imaging performed at 3 and 12 months. 3D reconstructions of the cephalic arch were generated by combining intravascular ultrasounds and venograms. Standard finite element analysis software was used to simulate time dependent blood flow in the cephalic arch with velocity, pressure and wall shear stress profiles generated.

Results

Our models generated from imaging and flow measurements at 3 and 12 months offer snapshots of the patient’s cephalic arch at a precise time point, although the remodeling of the vessel downstream of an arteriovenous fistula in patients undergoing regular dialysis is a dynamic process that persists over long periods of time (~ 5 years). The velocity and pressure increase at the cephalic bend cause abnormal hemodynamics most prominent along the inner wall of the terminal cephalic arch. The topology of the cephalic arch is highly variable between subjects and predictive of pathologic stenosis at later time points.

Conclusions

Low flow velocity and wall pressure along the inner wall of the bend may provide possible nidus of endothelial activation that leads to stenosis and thrombosis. In addition, 3D modelling of the arch can indicate areas of stenosis that may be missed by venograms alone. Computational modeling reconstructed from 3D radiologic imaging and Doppler flow provides important insights into the hemodynamics of blood flow in arteriovenous fistula. This technique could be used in future studies to determine optimal flow to prevent endothelial damage for patients with arteriovenous fistula access.
Reaching to inhibit a prepotent response: A wearable 3-axis accelerometer kinematic analysis
Authors: Angeli Alessia , Valori Irene , Farroni Teresa , Marfia Gustavo
Published: July 2021

The present work explores the distinctive contribution of motor planning and control to human reaching movements. In particular, the movements were triggered by the selection of a prepotent response (Dominant) or, instead, by the inhibition of the prepotent response, which required the selection of an alternative one (Non-dominant). To this end, we adapted a Go/No-Go task to investigate both the dominant and non-dominant movements of a cohort of 19 adults, utilizing kinematic measures to discriminate between the planning and control components of the two actions. In this experiment, a low-cost, easy to use, 3-axis wrist-worn accelerometer was put to good use to obtain raw acceleration data and to compute and break down its velocity components. The values obtained with this task indicate that with the inhibition of a prepotent response, the selection and execution of the alternative one yields both a longer reaction time and movement duration. Moreover, the peak velocity occurred later in time in the non-dominant response with respect to the dominant response, revealing that participants tended to indulge more in motor planning than in adjusting their movement along the way. Finally, comparing such results to the findings obtained by other means in the literature, we discuss the feasibility of an accelerometer-based analysis to disentangle distinctive cognitive mechanisms of human movements.
The influence of dataset homology and a rigorous evaluation strategy on protein secondary structure prediction
Authors: Chen Teng-Ruei , Lo Chia-Hua , Juan Sheng-Hung , Lo Wei-Cheng
Published: July 2021

The secondary structure prediction (SSP) of proteins has long been an essential structural biology technique with various applications. Despite its vital role in many research and industrial fields, in recent years, as the accuracy of state-of-the-art secondary structure predictors approaches the theoretical upper limit, SSP has been considered no longer challenging or too challenging to make advances. With the belief that the substantial improvement of SSP will move forward many fields depending on it, we conducted this study, which focused on three issues that have not been noticed or thoroughly examined yet but may have affected the reliability of the evaluation of previous SSP algorithms. These issues are all about the sequence homology between or within the developmental and evaluation datasets. We thus designed many different homology layouts of datasets to train and evaluate SSP prediction models. Multiple repeats were performed in each experiment by random sampling. The conclusions obtained with small experimental datasets were verified with large-scale datasets using state-of-the-art SSP algorithms. Very different from the long-established assumption, we discover that the sequence homology between query datasets for training, testing, and independent tests exerts little influence on SSP accuracy. Besides, the sequence homology redundancy between or within most datasets would make the accuracy of an SSP algorithm overestimated, while the redundancy within the reference dataset for extracting predictive features would make the accuracy underestimated. Since the overestimating effects are more significant than the underestimating effect, the accuracy of some SSP methods might have been overestimated. Based on the discoveries, we propose a rigorous procedure for developing SSP algorithms and making reliable evaluations, hoping to bring substantial improvements to future SSP methods and benefit all research and application fields relying on accurate prediction of protein secondary structures.
Characterizing the sectoral development of cities
Authors: Rybski Diego , Pradhan Prajal , Shutters Shade T. , Butsic Van , Kropp Jürgen P.
Published: July 2021

Previous research has identified a predictive model of how a nation’s distribution of gross domestic product (GDP) among agriculture (a), industry (i), and services (s) changes as a country develops. Here we use this national model to analyze the composition of GDP for US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) over time. To characterize the transfer of GDP shares between the sectors in the course of economic development we explore a simple system of differential equations proposed in the country-level model. Fitting the model to more than 120 MSAs we find that according to the obtained parameters MSAs can be classified into 6 groups (consecutive, high industry, re-industrializing; each of them also with reversed development direction). The consecutive transfer (a → i → s) is common but does not represent all MSAs examined. At the 95% confidence level, 40% of MSAs belong to types exhibiting an increasing share of GDP from agriculture. In California, such MSAs, which we classify as part of an agriculture renaissance, are found in the Central Valley.
Topographical shifts in fine root lifespan in a mixed, mesic temperate forest
Authors: Primka Edward J. , Adams Thomas S. , Buck Alexandra , Eissenstat David M.
Published: July 2021

Root lifespan, often is estimated in landscape- and ecosystem-level carbon models using linear approximations. In water manipulation experiments, fine root lifespan can vary with soil water content. Soil water content is generally structured by complex topography, which is largely unaccounted for in landscape- and ecosystem-scale carbon models. Topography governs the range of soil water content experienced by roots which may impact their lifespan. We hypothesized that root lifespan varied nonlinearly across a temperate, mesic, forested catchment due to differences in soil water content associated with topographic position. We expected regions of the landscape that were too wet or too dry would have soils that were not optimal for roots and thus result in shorter root lifespans. Specifically, we hypothesized that root lifespan would be longest in areas that consistently had soil water content in the middle of the soil water content spectrum, while in soils at either very low or very high soil water content, root lifespan would be relatively short. We tested this hypothesis by collecting and analyzing two years of minirhizotron and soil moisture data in plots widely distributed in the Shale Hills catchment of the Susquehanna-Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory in Pennsylvania. We found that fine root lifespans were longer in traditionally wetter topographic regions, but detected no short term (biweekly) effect of soil moisture on root lifespan. Additionally, depth in soil, soil series, slope face orientation, and season of birth strongly affected root lifespans across the catchment. In contrast, lifespan was unaffected by root diameter or mycorrhizal association. Failure to account for these variables could result in erroneous estimates of fine root lifespan and, consequentially, carbon flux in temperate forested regions.
Progesterone depletion results in Lamin B1 loss and induction of cell death in mouse trophoblast giant cells
Authors: Morimoto Hiromu , Ueno Misuzu , Tanabe Hideyuki , Kono Tomohiro , Ogawa Hidehiko
Published: July 2021

Trophoblast giant cells (TGCs), a mouse trophoblast subtype, have large amounts of cytoplasm and high ploidy levels via endocycles. The diverse functions and gene expression profiles of TGCs have been studied well, but their nuclear structures remain unknown. In this study, we focus on Lamin B1, a nuclear lamina, and clarify its expression dynamics, regulation and roles in TGC functions. TGCs that differentiated from trophoblast stem cells were used. From days 0 to 9 after differentiation, the number of TGCs gradually increased, but the amount of LMNB1 peaked at day 3 and then slightly decreased. An immunostaining experiment showed that LMNB1-depleted TGCs increased after day 6 of differentiation. These LMNB1-depleted TGCs diffused peripheral localization of the heterochromatin marker H3K9me2 in the nuclei. However, LMINB1-knock down was not affected TGCs specific gene expression. We found that the death of TGCs also increased after day 6 of differentiation. Moreover, Lamin B1 loss and the cell death in TGCs were protected by 10−6 M progesterone. Our results conclude that progesterone protects against Lamin B1 loss and prolongs the life and function of TGCs.
Private and public partnerships: The Greek diaspora’s branding of Philotimo as identity
Authors: Anagnostou Yiorgos
Published: July 2021

This article recognizes the discourse of philotimo as a prevalent mode of the diaspora’s representation of national identity in the context of the Greek debt crisis. It shows how this narrative adheres to the cultural technologies of nation branding to establish a positive Greek self-representation and in so doing, countering the crisis-related international devaluation of the national image. This cultural rehabilitation functions as a mode of governmentality: it seeks to shape the global perception of Greece and Greek identity for several interrelated purposes. First, in endowing value to Greek identity, it aims to restore national credibility and in turn cast Greece as an attractive destination for foreign investments. In this capacity, the narrative links national culture with global capitalism. Second, in redeeming the Greek nation as a moral nation, the branding fosters diaspora solidarity to Greece as a moral imperative. Notably, the purpose of the branding enterprise is not to merely disseminate a favourable image globally, but also to constitute Greek identity in the diaspora and Greece. Operating at the intersection of national, transnational and global processes, the narrative requires analysis that extends beyond the conventional framework of diaspora–homeland relations. The Greek branding enters a broader politics in which countries deploy their national cultures to position themselves competitively within global capitalism. From this angle, the article identifies an emergent diaspora political form – a partnership between private and civic organizations – which asserts authority to represent Greek identity globally for the purpose of economic, social and cultural gains. It concludes with a reflection about the social and political implications of this branding, as well as the role of scholars who write about this phenomenon, and more broadly about Greek national mythologies.
Idees tis Sklirotitas kai tis Kalosynis: Ethnikismos, Sosialismos, Ratsismos (1897–1922) (‘Ideas of Cruelty and Kindness: Nationalism, Socialism, Racism [1897–1922]’), Pantelis Voutouris (2017)
Authors: Stamos Yannis
Published: July 2021

Review of: Idees tis Sklirotitas kai tis Kalosynis: Ethnikismos, Sosialismos, Ratsismos (1897–1922) (‘Ideas of Cruelty and Kindness: Nationalism, Socialism, Racism [1897–1922]’), Pantelis Voutouris (2017)

Athens: Kastaniotis, 320 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-60036-272-5, p/bk, €19.08
The vision of an open, transferable, hybrid reading hub in urban Greece
Authors: Benardou Agiatis , Kalamaras Michalis , Sgouridi Magdalini , Tsakonas Giannis
Published: July 2021

In recent years the traditional concept of the library has been drastically diversified. Libraries appear in different forms, adding collections of content beyond books, expanding already existing services and developing new ones, while focusing on their engagement with audiences. This visual essay presents CLOISTER, a vision of an open, inclusive, non-profit, physical and digital reading space to be located in the heart of the Greek city. CLOISTER is envisioned as a sustainable, transferable and inviting library construction, that aims to disrupt the city flow by offering a new reading and collaboration space. The design of this pop-up library is inspired by the Athenian Agora, with its covered arcades and the open porticos running along building walls. The project aspires to transform Greek city squares by challenging the fixity of reading spaces and empowering the city pulse.
Femininity in metal fanship: ‘I do not need to take anyone along’
Authors: Kinnunen Maarit , Honkanen Antti
Published: July 2021

Metal music has an exceptional position in Finnish society where the genre is not marginal and the proportion of female fans is considerable. However, studies on female metal fandom emphasize that female fans are in the minority among the male-dominant metal fan community. This has led to conclusions that female fans are acting in a ‘masculine’ manner to avoid sexual harassment, and to get approval and respect for their fandom from male fans. Our aim was to study very feminine metal fans, trying to find out how they perceived their position among metal fans and how they demonstrated their femininity, especially in metal festivals. Based on the results, considering metal a masculine musical genre is not justifiable if the context is female metal fans, not female metal musicians. Very feminine female fans consumed a lot of live music and described metal as beautiful, emotional and empowering. They were quite independent and became more confident in their femininity as they grew older. Part of them demonstrated their self-confidence by dressing up in a very feminine – even hyperfeminine – way, and part of them dressed more modestly, seeing their femininity internally, not externally.
Rocka, gazteon (eta hain gazte ez direnen) protestarako tresna
Authors: García Lupiola Asier
Published: July 2021

Musika-genero baino gehiago bilakatu zen fenomeno sozialak zazpi hamarkada beteko ditu laster. Bere sorreratik rocka munduan zehar zabaldu zen protesta-mugimendu gisa. Bakarlari eta talde anitzek rocka osatzen duten estilo eta genero ezberdinak sortu dituzte, eta une bakoitzean gazteriaren askatasun grinak pertsonifikatu dituzte. Era horretan, azken hirurogeitahamar urteetan planetan zehar jazo diren ekonomia-, gizarte- edota politika- izaera duten gertaera nabarmenen aurrean, rocka salaketarako eta gizartearen nahigabea adierazteko bozgorailu bihurtu da, bereziki gazteen artean.
Apuntes sobre un espacio sonoro: Sun & Sea (Marina)
Authors: Cavia Pardo Beatriz , Elorza Ibáñez de Gauna Concepción
Published: July 2021

Este texto analiza la pieza Sun & Sea (Marina), que fue premiada con el León de Oro a la mejor participación nacional en la 58a Bienal de Arte de Venecia (2019). Aunque ha sido destacado el mensaje ecológico de la pieza, entendemos que la misma detona otra serie de reflexiones y se conecta con diversos aspectos del pensamiento contemporáneo que merecen ser explorados y revisados en profundidad. Así, observamos sus asociaciones con la actividad creativa previamente desarrollada por sus autoras, el modo en que se entrelaza con piezas de otros artistas lituanos y su vinculación con los desarrollos conceptuales que arrojan una mirada crítica sobre nuestra sociedad y los valores sobre los que se asienta. Asimismo, observamos detenidamente las consecuencias del empleo del formato de ópera-performance y las posibilidades que despliega para propiciar la proyección desde la propia experiencia de espectadores y espectadoras, haciendo uso de la acción en directo guionizada y los diálogos cantados, trazados desde la ironía y el humor como soporte de posicionamientos críticos.
Cambios en las pautas de localización de las bodegas del entorno de la ciudad de Borja (Zaragoza)
Authors: Esteban Rodríguez Samuel , Fernández Portela Julio
Published: July 2021

Las transformaciones en el sector de la vid y el vino han supuesto cambios importantes en los viñedos y en las bodegas de las comarcas vitivinícolas. Estos espacios se han centrado en la elaboración de vinos de calidad bajo alguna figura de protección y que están destinados a mercados cada vez más numerosos, diversos y exigentes. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar las pautas de localización de las bodegas en el municipio zaragozano de Borja, desde las bodegas rupestres hasta las nuevas bodegas industriales. Para ello se ha elaborado cartografía en la que se reflejan diversas variables que permitan explicar las nuevas pautas de localización, así como la realización de entrevistas a diversos agentes implicados en el sector. Los resultados reflejan cambios significativos en la localización espacial de las bodegas y en su estructura, las cuales abandonan las laderas de los cerros para instalarse en las proximidades de los ejes de comunicación, en las zonas bajas del municipio. Esto es debido a la existencia de mejores comunicaciones, pero también por los cambios en el sistema productivo y de gestión. De forma adicional, recientemente, se está viendo una nueva lógica en la ubicación de las bodegas, en especial de aquellas que elaboran vinos más exclusivos, con emplazamientos que priman el valor ambiental y paisajístico frente al funcional.
La formación en Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones (TIC) en la titulación de turismo: ¿es adecuada?
Authors: Medina Salgado Sonia , González Sánchez Rocío
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo profundiza en la detección del grado de ajuste entre los conocimientos adquiridos en materia de TIC y los requerimientos demandados por las empresas del sector turístico a sus futuros profesionales. Los alumnos que acceden a la titulación de Turismo están familiarizados con el uso de las TIC pero no tienen los conocimientos suficientes para un adecuado manejo en un ámbito profesional. Por otro lado, la realidad del ámbito de la formación superior en estudios turísticos refleja una aparente necesidad de un mayor número de créditos que abarquen estos conocimientos y de un mayor número de plazas para cursarlos. Se realiza un estudio empírico en tres fases a los alumnos que realizan el practicum y a las empresas en que lo realizan. Los resultados apoyan la necesidad de optimizar los contenidos de las asignaturas genéricas de informática, contemplando las necesidades específicas de la empresa. A través de la interpretación de los datos obtenidos se establecen una serie de recomendaciones que pueden servir de apoyo a los docentes para optimizar el trabajo en el aula.
FISIMED: una herramienta informática (L.M.S.) para la ayuda en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de la física médica
Authors: Sánchez Llorente José Miguel , Cabrero Fraile Francisco Javier , Rodríguez Conde María José , Borrajo Sánchez Javier , Juanes Méndez Juan Antonio
Published: July 2021

Con la entrada en el Espacio Europeo de Educación superior como marco de referencia, se realiza un proceso de investigación educativo en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Salamanca (España).  Se ha diseñado y codificado una herramienta informática: Learning Management System, para la ayuda en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de los contenidos de la Física Médica. Dicho software multicanal, llamado Fisimed, ha sido evaluado por los estudiantes de primer curso de las licenciaturas de Medicina y Odontología. La plataforma informática realizada elimina constricciones espacio - temporales, permitiendo el seguimiento individualizado en la ganancia de conocimientos por parte de cada alumno. Facilita a alumnos y profesores una vía de comunicación (tutoría continua) para la resolución de dudas y se dispone con escalabilidad permitiendo de forma sencilla el aumento de funcionalidades.
Recursos tecnológicos audiovisuales de formación en red: sistemas streaming media y teleinmersivos
Authors: Juanes Méndez Juan Antonio , Velasco Marcos Mª Auxiliadora , Cabrero Fraile Francisco Javier , Sánchez Llorente José Miguel , Rodríguez Conde Ma José
Published: July 2021

Presentamos dos modalidades tecnológicas de enseñanza en red: la consolidada y ampliamente utilizada tecnología video-streaming, y el futuro de la comunicación a distancia, la teleinmersión.La primera permite la transmisión de audio/vídeo por la red para que puede ser vista por el usuario en su ordenador personal, desde cualquier lugar que disponga de una conexión a red. La información será recibida y decodificada por el usuario final utilizando cualquier reproductor de los que existen en el mercado.La teleinmersión, por su parte, permite crear espacios virtuales de colaboración entre profesionales, ofreciendo entornos muy cercanos a la realidad. Esta tecnología revolucionará, sin duda, nuestros sistemas de enseñanza en los próximos años, facilitando la interacción profesor-alumno. Es evidente que la formación e-learning aporta a los alumnos y a los docentes grandes ventajas como: menores tiempos de aprendizaje, flexibilidad de horarios y de ubicación geográfica, entre otras.
Tele-enseñanza a través de internet: la protección radiológica en ciencias de la salud
Authors: Alcaraz Baños Miguel , Chico Sánchez Pablo , Martínez Beneyto Yolanda , Armero Barranco David , Meseguer Henarejos Ana Belén , Alcaraz Saura Miguel
Published: July 2021

La obtención de un proyecto interdepartamental subvencionado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia español ha permitido crear materiales didácticos específicos de Protección Radiológica que se han publicado en varios manuales y cuadernos de actividades prácticas. Estas publicaciones han constituido la base del primer curso continuado sobre Protección Radiológica realizado a través de Internet en España (8 ediciones, durante los años 2000-2009). Durante el pregrado y el grado, la utilización de material didáctico digital apropiado determina el nivel de conocimientos que puede alcanzarse. La enseñanza multimedia y la tele-educación incrementan el interés de los alumnos en los temas más complicados y difíciles en Ciencias de la Salud. Posteriormente, cuando se abandona la Universidad y comienza la actividad profesional, la tele-enseñanza permite la formación continuada en las actualizaciones básicas sobre Protección Radiológica, permitiendo a todos los profesionales familiarizarse con medios y recursos que difícilmente podrán utilizar de forma personal y directa.
Juegos de rol y roles de género
Authors: Carbó García Juan Ramón , Pérez Miranda Iván
Published: July 2021

El artículo analiza la evolución de los juegos de rol desde la perspectiva de los estudios de género. Los autores analizan la evolución de los juegos de rol y la incorporación progresiva de las mujeres a esta forma de ocio.
Identificación del dominio de competencias digitales en el alumnado del grado de magisterio
Authors: Pino Juste Margarita , Soto Carballo Jorge
Published: July 2021

Las Tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) se convierten en la sociedad de la Información en un agente de cambio. En este contexto las TIC deben transformarse en herramientas pedagógicas al servicio del profesor con el fin de lograr una educación de calidad.

Conscientes de la importancia de que los profesores dominen las competencias digitales, hemos realizado un estudio sobre el dominio de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) que poseen los estudiantes de tercer curso de la titulación de Magisterio de la Universidad de Vigo. Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los conocimientos adquiridos, la frecuencia en la utilización de determinadas herramientas, su nivel de dominio en cuatro ámbitos de conocimiento: Alfabetización tecnológica, Instrumentos de trabajo intelectual, Tratamiento y difusión de la información y como Herramientas de comunicación. Así como sus motivaciones e intereses y los obstáculos encontrados en su desarrollo con el fin de establecer propuestas para la formación inicial.

Podemos concluir que, en general, el alumnado no tiene una formación específica sobre el funcionamiento de los ordenadores. Sobre el grado de conocimiento de las diferentes destrezas el alumno conoce las más básicas y las que utilizan habitualmente (abrir o bajar un archivo, crear o imprimir un documento, instalar un programa o enviar un e-mail). Utilizan habitualmente el correo como una herramienta de trabajo, mientras que la mensajería y las redes sociales las utilizan más en tiempos de ocio.

Sus actitudes hacia las TIC son muy positivas y sus motivaciones se centran fundamentalmente en que las tecnologías son útiles para mejorar su aprendizaje y para su futuro laboral.
Aprendiendo a vivir con el aluvión informativo y sus implicaciones para la educación
Authors: Jones Barbara , Goff Mhoraf
Published: July 2021

Una característica importante de nuestra época es el aumento exponencial de los datos. Grandes cantidades de información, en formato digital, son consumidas para la investigación, y a la vez derivadas de la misma. Internet ha hecho la "información" accesible -no solo datos- a aquellas personas que tienen los recursos necesarios para acceder y utilizar Internet. Como resultado, se ha generado para las instituciones educativas un nuevo conjunto de requisitos para dotar a sus profesores y alumnos con habilidades para acceder y aprovechar efectivamente la información en este entorno digital, bien para propósitos de aprendizaje, o para alcanzar éxito en esferas personales o laborales. Este trabajo explora este nuevo paradigma, que proporciona un estudio del horizonte actual, con ejemplos de trabajos recientes donde se tratan estas áreas de interés, finalizando con la elaboración de conclusiones sobre el estado actual y las posibles direcciones futuras.
Gestión de objetos de aprendizaje a través de la red, basado en el desarrollo de competencias
Authors: Morales Morgado Erla Mariela , Díaz San Millán Eduardo , García Peñalvo Francisco José
Published: July 2021

Hoy en día existen una gran cantidad de bibliotecas virtuales y repositorios de recursos en general, donde es posible acceder a diverso tipo de información, destinado a múltiples áreas de conocimiento.

Uno de esos tipos de información corresponde a los Objetos de Aprendizaje (OAs), los cuales a través de sus metadatos pueden ser localizados y recuperados según necesidades educativas específicas de los usuarios.

Los objetivos educativos están claramente orientados al desarrollo de competencias, por tanto, es importante tener en cuenta materiales que puedan potenciarlas. Debido a la caracteristica de los OAs, como unidades independientes que puedan ser reutilizadas, se propone un modelo de diseño que oriente la creación de estos recursos según niveles de conocimiento necesarios para el desarrollo de competencias.

Para promover la búsqueda de estos recursos en base a niveles de conocimiento, se presenta una propuesta para su catalogación a través de metadatos, que considere además de los niveles de conocimiento, su clasificación por competencias.
El sueño de Isaac y la transformación de los sistemas educativos en la sociedad de la información
Authors: Miraut Andrés David
Published: July 2021

Internet como herramienta educativa y fuente de información ha sido el sueño de muchas generaciones. Ahora que está al alcance de nuestras manos, apenas un porcentaje muy reducido de la población aprovecha su potencial para mejorar su formación. Los Gobiernos de numerosos Estados están haciendo un notable esfuerzo por tratar de adiestrar a las nuevas generaciones en estas tecnologías. Si bien la intención es buena, no siempre se logran los objetivos. En este artículo se analiza y discute la evolución de la implantación de los sistemas educativos que utilizan la Red como recurso de información en la educación y la adquisición de las competencias que nos permitan aprovecharlo a lo largo de la formación necesariamente continua en el mundo digital.
El desarrollo de competencias comunicativas a través de seminarios transversales ECTS: una experiencia en la universidad de Jaén
Authors: Pérez Cañado María Luisa
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo describe una experiencia novedosa en el desarrollo de competencias genéricas y específicas y en el fomento de la interdisciplinariedad y la transversalidad. Se trata de un sistema de seminarios ECTS – que también entroncan con el Plan de Acción Tutorial – que se han desarrollado en la Licenciatura en Filología Inglesa de la Universidad de Jaén durante este curso académico (2008-2009). Con ellos, hemos pretendido fomentar la coordinación entre el profesorado de dicha titulación, superar el individualismo que suele caracterizar a las actuaciones docentes en educación terciaria y realizar la transición desde la cultura tradicional de la enseñanza memorística y transmisiva hacia la cultura del aprendizaje crítico y significativo basado en competencias y no meramente contenidos. Tras justificar la necesidad de una experiencia de este tipo y describir su desarrollo, contenidos y evaluación en detalle, se presenta el estudio descriptivo que la ha acompañado. Dicha investigación nos ha permitido concluir que el sistema de seminarios ECTS ha resultado altamente beneficioso para el alumnado participante. Éste ha sido consciente de la existencia, desarrollo y utilidad de una serie de competencias genéricas y específicas esenciales para el filólogo inglés. Consideramos que, en nuestro contexto, estos seminarios ECTS han constituido un importante primer paso en la integración, enseñanza y evaluación de competencias en el currículo.
Application of equine herpesvirus-1 vaccine inactivated by both formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine in equine
Authors: Warda Fatma F. , Ahmed Hala El Sawy , Shafik Nermeen G. , Mikhael Christine A. , Abd-ElAziz Heba M. G. , Mohammed Walaa A. , Shosha Eman A.
Published: July 2021

Background and Aim: Equine herpesvirus-1 infection in horses causes a wide range of manifestations affecting the respiratory tract. The virus can cause serious economic losses through sporadic abortion in pregnant mares, perinatal death, respiratory disease in young foals. This study was designed to prepare inactivated equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) vaccine using both 0.005 M binary ethylenimine (BEI) and 0.0006% formaldehyde (FA) to decrease the use of BEI and provide a good immunological response. The efficacy, safety, and duration of immunity of the prepared inactivated EHV-1 vaccine were evaluated.

Materials and Methods: The prepared FA/BEI-inactivated EHV-1 vaccine was adjuvanted with Alhydrogel and then evaluated by inoculation into guinea pigs, followed by comparison with the commercial inactivated EHV-1 vaccine. These two vaccines were evaluated by testing the safety and immunogenicity in horses classified into two groups. Group A was vaccinated with two doses of the prepared vaccine at a 4-week interval, while Group B was vaccinated with two doses of the commercial vaccine only. Anti-EHV-1 antibodies were detected in horse serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus neutralizing test (VNT).

Results: Regarding the time required to inactivate EHV-1 vaccine, this was decreased using 0.005 M BEI and 0.0006% FA from 24 to 8 h. ELISA in Group A horses demonstrated a significant increase in EHV-1 antibody titer at 2 weeks after the booster dose compared with that for the pre-booster one, from 485 to 855 antibody titer, which then peaked at 1240 in the 3rd month post-vaccination; after that, it began to decline gradually until the 6th month. Meanwhile, in Group B, the ELISA reading increased from 420 to 790 and then peaked at 1215. The VNT mean in Group A increased from 1.1 to 2.5 within 2 weeks after administration of the booster dose, while in Group B it increased from 0.8 to 2.1. Moreover, ELISA in Group A pigs indicated mean antibody titers at the 3rd week post-inoculation of 576 for Group A and 554 for Group B.

Conclusion: The inactivated EHV-1 vaccine, with fewer chemicals, was prepared in a shorter time. It is safe and also more potent to protect horses for up to 6 months against EHV-1 infection than the commercially produced vaccine.
The Principle of Gender Equality in the Texts of the Constitutions of Western European Countries
Authors: Golovinov Alexander , Golovinova Yulia
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the provisions of regulatory legal acts that ensure the enforcement of women's rights in Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, etc. The paper shows the effectiveness of the Northern European approach to overcoming obstacles to gender equality through the establishment of special state agencies and government authorities. As generally recognized leaders in the field of women's rights this group of states effectively implements national mechanisms of gender equality. It is worth remembering that progress in achieving gender equality in Western countries is due to the intensity of the women's movement itself and the growth of women's representation in governments, parliaments and public organizations. Besides we should mention a broad anti-discrimination legislative framework and a system of state agencies implementing gender equality strategies in Europe. The systematic development of the concepts of equal opportunities has allowed women in these countries to take a secure place in the labor market on equal terms with men. The article shows that gender equality can be defined to a certain extent as a kind of "sameness" of men and women. However, this sameness should not be equated with identity. Alas, it is impossible to equate a woman and a man, at least the reason for this is mental and physiological differences, plus the obvious difference in their biological functions. It has proved that despite numerous benefits, women continue to face various forms of discrimination. Finally, as the experience of Western countries shows, to achieve equality de facto it is necessary to significantly increase the activity of women themselves, civil society institutions, to strengthen the role of state authorities in the implementation of true gender equality.
The Speech Act of Threat in Various Communicative Situations
Authors: Yurina Elena , Doronina Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The paper attempts to identify common features characteristic of the expression of a threat in different communicative situations, as well as to describe the circumstances affecting the choice of certain language means to express threat. The direct and indirect forms of speech aggression seen as threat are studied in four spheres: political, business, everyday vernacular and mass media. We used data obtained by the method of continuous sampling from the Internet as material for the study: screenshots of personal correspondence, posts on social networks, photographs of paper media. In all these data, the speech act of the threat is recorded in writing and represents a threat-warning.
The Experience of a Master's Class
Authors: Neulinger Ágnes
Published: July 2021

The concept of responsible research and innovation (RRI) has increased in popularity in the context of European Commission policy since 2010; promoting inclusive and sustainable research and innovation. The present paper introduces a curriculum development effort following the RRI principles in higher education in order to demonstrate the potential positive influence of an RRI-inspired course design on the self-perception of students related to their own reflexivity and inclusiveness competencies. The paper first outlines the use of the RRI approach in higher education, with a special focus on two areas, reflexivity and inclusiveness. The development of a marketing-related subject will then be introduced, described and evaluated. With the aid of a master’s course, the selection of appropriate learning/teaching methods and related assessment practices will be introduced in relation to the competencies of reflexivity and inclusiveness. The results of a quantitative study are also presented, as students evaluated their own competency development in relation to reflexivity and inclusiveness topics at the end of the semester, with the help of an online survey. According to the main findings, the student perception was that course development served the aim of competency development well, and the various teaching methods supported inclusiveness, which also assisted the improvement of reflexive thinking.
Traffic Sign Classification Comparison Between Various Convolution Neural Network Models
Authors: Sokipriala Jonah , Orike Sunny
Published: July 2021

Fast detection and accurate classiï¬cation of trafï¬c signs is one of the major aspects of advance driver assistance system (ADAS) and intelligent transport systems (ITS), this paper presents a comparison between an 8-Layer convolutional neural network (CNN), and some state of the Arts model such as VGG16 and Resnet50, for trafï¬c sign classiï¬cation on The GTSRB. using a GPU to increase processing time, the design showed that with various augmentation applied to the CNN, our 8-layer Model was able to outperform the State of the Arts models with a higher test Accuracy, 50 times lesser training parameters, and faster training time our 8 -layer model was able to achieve 96% test accuracy.
Long-term glycemic control and factors, associated with response to pump insulin therapy in children
Authors: Laptev D. N. , Emelyanov A. O. , Medvedeva E D , Pereverzeva S. V. , Peterkova V. A.
Published: July 2021

Background: In recent years, pump-based insulin therapy, also known as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), has become a common treatment for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Despite the fact that, in general, children with type 1 diabetes achieve the best glycemic control indices during pump therapy, while there is a significant heterogeneity of metabolic outcomes among individual patients, many children with CSII do not reach the target level of HbA1c.

Objective: To assess the level of glycemic control and factors associated by withdrawal of use, the response to treatment with prolonged use of CSII in children with type 1 diabetes.

Materials and methods: The study included 458 children aged 1 to 18 years, treated to pump therapy at least 3 years before the study, the presence of the analyzed data in the register.

Results: The level of HbA1c decreased by -0.7% compared with the primary endpoint, which was accompanied by an increase in the number of patients who reached the target level of HbA1c (<7.5%) from 17% to 36%. The best response was observed for patients under 6 years of age with HbA1c over 9% for pump insulin therapy, as well as in patients who regularly use additional bolus and basal functions and CGM. The main reason for stopping the use of the insulin pump is the inconvenience of using and wearing — 47.7%. Risk factors for pump abandonment: later age of start treatment on CSII and frequent episodes of severe hypoglycemia.

Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was shown that pump therapy is an effective method of insulin therapy, which allows to achieve a lower level of HbA1c compared to the initial values.
Comparative evaluation of empagliflozin, canagliflozin and sitagliptin cardioprotective properties in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Simanenkova A. V. , Minasian S. M. , Karonova T. L. , Vlasov T. D. , Timkina N. V. , Khalzova А. K. , Fuks O. S. , Shimshilashvili A. A. , Timofeeva V. A. , Borshchev Yu. Yu. , Galagudza M. M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), therefore it is essential to give preference to a glucose-lowering drug having optimal cardioprotective properties. A comparative study of the various sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors representatives’ protective effects in experimental MI was not carried out within the framework of one study.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of empagliflozin (EMPA) and canagliflozin (CANA), in comparison with sitagliptin (SITA), on hemodynamic parameters and myocardial damage area in rats with diabetes type 2 model in experimental MI.

Materials and methods: Type 2 DM was modelled in Wistar rats by means of 4-week high-fat diet followed by nicotinamide 230 mg/kg and streptozotocin 60 mg/kg administration. 4 weeks after DM induction the following groups were made: «DM+SITA» — treatment with SITA 50 mg/kg, «DM+EMPA» — treatment with EMPA 2 mg/kg, «DM+CANA» — treatment with CANA 25 mg/kg per os once daily for 8 weeks. Animals in «DM» group remained untreated for the following 8 weeks. Rats in control group were fed with standard chow. 16 weeks after the experiment beginning transient global myocardial ischemia was modelled in all rats. Hemodynamic parameters and myocardium necrosis area were evaluated.

Results: The necrosis area was larger in «DM» group, than in control one (p=0.018). Infarction size in «DM+SITA» did not differ from that in «DM» group (62.92(41.29;75.84) and 57.26(45.51;70.08)%, р=0.554). Necrosis area in «DM+EMPA» and «DM+CANA» groups was smaller than in «DM» group (37.90(20.76;54.66)%, 46.15(29.77;50.55) vs 57.26(45.51;70.08)%, р=0.008 and р=0.009, respectively). Necrosis size did not differ between «DM+EMPA» and «DM+CANA» groups (p=0.630). Ischemic contracture in «DM+CANA» group was less prominent than under the use of all other glucose-lowering drugs. We observed increase of coronary blood flow in «DM+EMPA» group, in comparison with «DM», «DM+CANA» and «DM+SITA» groups.

Conclusions: SITA does not have cardioprotective effect in ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats. EMPA and CANA have similarly prominent infarct-limiting properties. EMPA is able to increase coronary blood flow, whereas cardioprotective action of CANA is associated with ischemic contracture diminishing.