bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obecny stan edukacji medialnej w Ukrainie
Authors: Dereniuk Mariana
Published: January 2025

Rozwój postępu naukowego i technologicznego doprowadził dziś do tego, że społeczeństwo stopniowo wkracza w nową erę rozwoju, w której głównymi wartościami są informacja i wiedza. Globalna informatyzacja, gwałtowny wzrost szybkości wymiany informacji oraz zmiany w sposobach, formach i celach tej wymiany doprowadziły do pojawienia się nierówności informacyjnej - rozwarstwienia społeczeństwa wzdłuż nowych linii: tych, którzy wykorzystują nowe realia informacyjne i komunikacyjne dla własnego rozwoju, edukacji i uproszczenia codziennych zadań oraz tych, którzy znajdują się poza globalnym procesem i, ze względu na własną ignorancję, stają się przedmiotem wpływu i manipulacji.Celem artykułu jest określenie kluczowych aspektów rozwoju edukacji medialnej w Ukrainie i jej znaczenia dla funkcjonowania nowoczesnego społeczeństwa informacyjnego. Artykuł analizuje rolę edukacji medialnej w kontekście obecnych wyzwań i możliwości, jakie stwarza ona dla rozwoju umiejętności korzystania z mediów i krytycznego myślenia wśród obywateli.
Simultaneous photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production and ammonia degradation using titania nanotube-based photoanodes
Authors: Elysabeth Tiur , Dewi Eniya Listiani , Ratnawati  , Mulia Kamarza , Slamet
Published: January 2025

The primary focus of this research is to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the photoanode based of titania nanotubes in the photoelectrocatalytic process, which enables the simultaneous generation of hydrogen and degradation of ammonia. The modification process involved the incorporation of nitrogen dopant during anodization and sensitization of CuO through Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption Reaction (SILAR). The results of this study showed that the introduction of N dopant led to a significant enhancement in both the ammonia elimination and the hydrogen production, as evidenced by 3N-TiNTAs achieving 74.4% and 561 mmol/m2, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest hydrogen production was observed with 7CuO-TiNTAs at 910.14 mmol/m2. The study revealed that N-TiNTAs exhibited superior performance in ammonia degradation; while CuO-TiNTAs showed higher hydrogen production rates. Furthermore, the mechanistic aspects of the study were also thoroughly examined.
Decoding brain tumor insights: Evaluating CAM variants with 3D U-Net for segmentation
Authors: Hardani Dian Nova Kusuma , Ardiyanto Igi , Adi Nugroho Hanung
Published: January 2025

Brain tumor segmentation is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment planning. While, conventional manual segmentation techniques are seen inefficient and variable, highlighting the need for automated methods. This study enhances medical image analysis, particularly in brain tumor segmentation by improving the explainability and accuracy of deep learning models, which are essential for clinical trust. Using the 3D U-Net architecture with the BraTS 2020 dataset, the study achieved precise localization and detailed segmentation with the mean recall values of 0.8939 for Whole Tumor (WT), 0.7941 for Enhancing Tumor (ET), and 0.7846 for Tumor Core (TC). The Dice coefficients were 0.9065 for WT, 0.8180 for TC, and 0.7715 for ET. By integrating explainable AI techniques, such as Class Activation Mapping (CAM) and its variants (Grad-CAM, Grad-CAM++, and Score-CAM), the study ensures high segmentation accuracy and transparency. Grad-CAM, in this case, provided the most reliable and detailed visual explanations, significantly enhancing model interpretability for clinical applications. This approach not only enhances the accuracy of brain tumor segmentation but also builds clinical trust by making model decisions more transparent and understandable. Finally, the combination of 3D U-Net and XAI techniques supports more effective diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient care in brain tumor management.
One pot two-step borylation/fluorination reaction of dysobinin from Chisocheton macrophyllus and its cytotoxicity against cancer cell
Authors: Huda Muhammad Badrul , Nurlelasari  , Safriansyah Wahyu , Fajar Mohamad , Widiyowati Iis Intan , Supratman Unang , Permana Yessi , Budiman Yudha P.
Published: January 2025

Dysobinin is a naturally occurred limonoid, which is a specific form of triterpenoid, mostly found in certain plants, particularly the Meliaceae family. Overall, it has been found that limonoids have a wide range of biological functions. Typically, the compound comprises anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Even though dysobinin has shown some effectiveness, its potential in pharmacology, so far, is found limited. This study, therefore, aims to enhance the pharmacological properties of dysobinin through the addition of fluorine. To do this, a one-pot, two-step reaction comprising C-H borylation and selectfluor was used to turn dysobinin into two new compounds:  1,2-dihydro-6?-acetoxyazadirone (5) and 1?-fluorodysobinin (6). After the transformation, various spectroscopic methods, including UV (Ultraviolet), IR (infrared), MS (mass spectra), as well as NMR (1D and 2D) were applied to figure out the structures of the new compounds. Accordingly, of the derived compounds, 1?-fluorodysobinin showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells when compared to dysobinin.
Conductivity and mechanical properties of PEO/PVA/UiO-66 composite polymers for membrane of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Patah Aep , Rochliadi Achmad , Husein Aditya , Ramadhan Dadang
Published: January 2025

Lithium batteries are crucial for energy storage in electronics, transportation, and industrial sectors. However, lithium-ion battery separators such as Celgard require significant improvements, particularly in ionic conductivity (?). Combining Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) with polymers is expected to create a separator membrane that enhances conductivity and mechanical properties in lithium-ion batteries. UiO-66 MOFs were synthesized using the solvothermal method at 120? and then composited with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer membranes using the solution casting method. The UiO-66 MOFs/PEO/PVA polymer composites were made by varying the UiO-66 content from 2% to 8% (w/w) while keeping a constant LiPF6 concentration of 9% (w/w). These composites were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Subsequently, the EIS test and tensile tests assessed the performance of the composite membranes. The resulting membrane with 6% (w/w) UiO-66 MOFs exhibited a conductivity (?) of 5.60 × 10–3 S cm–1 and a tensile strength of 32.5 MPa.
Investigating the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles with varying charges green-synthesized from Tabebuia rosea flower
Authors: Nguyen Trung Dien , Nguyen Thao Phuc-Nguyen , Thai Nhung Thi-Tuyet , Hoang Yen Hai , Trinh Gia Thi-Ngoc
Published: January 2025

The integration of nanotechnology and biomedicine has driven a significant interest in silver nanoparticles due to their unique properties. This study presents a novel approach by combining Tabebuia rosea flower extract and chitosan to manipulate the surface charges of synthesized silver nanoparticles. These biosynthesized nanoparticles, presenting negative, neutral, and positive charges, were thoroughly analyzed by means of a number of techniques including Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. By incorporating chitosan, the zeta potential of the green-synthesized nanomaterials was modified, shifting from negative to positive. The resultant silver nanoparticles showed the zeta potentials of –24.8 mV for negatively charged particles, +22.9 mV for positively charged ones, and neutrality at approximately 0.04% chitosan. Meanwhile, the particle sizes for the negative, neutral, and positive nanomaterials were 19.7, 15.8, and 14.2 nm, respectively. The antimicrobial and anticancer activities of these biosynthesized nanoparticles were evaluated against gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica), gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Staphylococcus aureus), and cancer cell lines (A549, Hep-G2, KB, and MCF-7). These results highlight the crucial role of surface stabilizers, particle size, and charge in determining the biomedical potential of nanosilver particles. Notably, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a number of promising antimicrobial and anticancer properties, emphasizing their potential for biomedical applications.
Fixing cobalt metal onto mordenite through spray impregnation and its evaluation as a catalyst in transforming used coconut cooking oil into bio-jet fuel
Authors: Saviola Aldino Javier , Wijaya Karna , Syoufian Akhmad , Vebryana Marini Fairuz , Anggraeni Widuri , Rozana Kharistya , Darsono Nono , Saputra Dita Adi , Saputri Wahyu Dita
Published: January 2025

Given the challenges posed by fossil-based jet fuel, research into bio-jet fuel production has intensified to achieve carbon neutrality. The present work reports a significant breakthrough with the successful conversion of used coconut cooking oil into bio-jet fuel utilizing a cobalt-impregnated mordenite catalyst. Cobalt was introduced to mordenite via the spray impregnation method at a concentration of 2% using a CoCl?·6H?O solution. The resultant catalyst was characterized using FTIR, XRD, NH?-TPD, SAA, FESEM-EDX Mapping, TEM, XPS, and TG/DTA instruments. Hydrotreatment was conducted in a semi-batch reactor at atmospheric pressure, employing H? gas at a flow rate of 20 mL/min and a catalyst-to-feed ratio of 1:200 (w/w) for a duration of 2 h. The addition of cobalt significantly enhanced the efficiency of the hydrotreatment by improving the catalytic performance of mordenite as a support material. The liquid product conversion and total bio-jet fuel yield obtained from the hydrotreatment of used coconut cooking oil using the Co/mordenite catalyst were 60.25% and 51.11%, respectively. The highest selectivity for bio-jet fuel was observed in fraction II (450–550 °C) at 88.90%. This catalyst exhibited sustained performance over three consecutive runs, indicating its potential application in the future biofuel industry. Altogether, this research reveals the possibility of employing used coconut cooking oil as a sustainable and promising feedstock to be converted into bio-jet fuel by hydrodeoxygenation and/or hydrocracking reactions.
One-pot sol-gel process and simultaneous formation silica particles cross-linked network (SPCN)
Authors: Nam Nguyen Nhat
Published: January 2025

In this work, a simple sol-gel process method was studied for “one-pot” fabrication of silica particle cross-linked networks (SPCN). It is the first time that the co-precursors of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and capping agent of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) are formulated to achieve the complete co-polymerization of the reaction solution. The reaction solution proposed involved TEOS and GPTMS (5:1 w/w) for feasibility preparation of SPCN. The copolymerization temperature was set at 40? for 24h of aging time. The results indicated that, by means of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a capping agent, SPCN exhibited a well-defined three-dimensional (3D) porous network. The prepared SPCN was used for the synthesis of silica monolithic columns to show interstices distributed across the whole SPCN as well as monolithic columns. The BET surface area of the SPCN column was obtained at approximately 156 m2/g and an average pore width smaller than 26 nm.
Disorders of circadian rhythms of heart rate variability in diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy: mechanisms and consequences
Authors: Serhiyenko V.A. , Dolynay M.I. , Sehin V.B. , Lazur Y.V. , Serhiyenko A.A.
Published: January 2025

Abnormalities in heart rate variability (HRV) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease over the next six years from 4 to 10 %. It is reported that the probability of stroke or cardiac death can be immediately reduced by chronobiologically assessing HRV and optimizing timed treatment efficacy. Physiological cardiovascular activities are under the control of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Damage to the autonomic nerves results in dysfunction in heart rate control and vascular dynamics, particularly in cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Autonomic imbalance in the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PSNS) regulation of cardiovascular function contributes to metabolic abnormalities and significant morbidity and mortality for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Misalignment of circadian rhythms has been evidenced in patients with DM, and there is a close relationship between alterations in neuroendocrine sleep architecture, circadian clock oscillations, glucose metabolism, autonomic function, and diurnal profiles of blood pressure and heart rate. Metabolic syndrome, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and DM are characterized by increased SNS activity and decreased PSNS activity. However, type 2 DM patients had a decrease in both PSNS and SNS activity. It can be explained by type 2 DM, which is a metabolic disease responsible for CAN that affects both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. The purpose of this review was to discuss the current state of the problem of the relationship between DM and circadian rhythm disorders, HRV. Particular attention is paid to the risk factors of diabetic CAN; insights into the mechanisms of excess mortality associated with CAN; the pathogenesis of diabetic CAN; possible pathogenic pathways binding CAN and atherosclerosis progression; genetic and epigenetic factors and CAN; DM and circadian rhythms of HRV; diabetic CAN and circadian rhythm disorders. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier), and PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were diabetes mellitus, cardiac autonomic neuropathy, circadian rhythms, heart rate variability. A manual search of the bibliography of publications was used to identify study results that could not be found during the online search.
Study of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients in the acute phase of the coronavirus infection and post-COVID period on the background of therapy with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors
Authors: Kushnarоva N.M. , Zinych O.V. , Shuprovych A.A. , Komisarenko K.P.
Published: January 2025

Background. The relevance of finding optimal methods for treatment of people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who had coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is due to the fact that these conditions have a number of common pathogenetic mechanisms that cause complications of both diseases. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of antidiabetic therapy using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on serum level of cardiovascular markers, ST2 peptide and homocysteine, in patients with T2DM in the post-COVID period compared to standard therapy (metformin/sulfonylurea derivatives). Materials and methods. Forty-three T2DM patients aged 44–85 were examined during the acute period of COVID-19 and nine months after recovery. Group 1 (n = 25) received treatment with SGLT2i in addition to metformin; group 2 (n = 18) continued taking a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea derivatives. Group 3 (control) consisted of 32 people without an impaired carbohydrate metabolism who have had COVID-19. The follow-up period was 9–12 months after recovery from COVID-19. Results. In 9 months of treatment, a significant decrease was noted in serum level of homocysteine, which was elevated in the acute period of COVID-19 and reached normal values: in group 1, from 16.8 to 9.9; in group 2, from 14.4 to 10.1 μmol/l; p < 0.05. In addition, in the post-COVID period, there was a significant decrease in the serum level of ST2, the biomarker of cardiovascular pathology, in patients of group 1 (from 5.4 to 4.8 ng/ml; p < 0.05), in contrast to group 2, where ST2 increased (from 4.9 to 5.7; p < 0.05). Patients of group 3, unlike individuals with T2DM from both groups, had a significantly lower average level of ST2 (p < 0.05), which did not change 9 months after the coronavirus infection (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The results obtained confirm the positive effect of taking SGLT2i on the level of cardiovascular risk markers in patients with T2DM who had received gliflozin therapy for 9 months after recovery from COVID-19, in contrast to the group of patients who received metformin/sulfonylurea derivatives.
Adrenal insufficiency in severely wounded men with combat gunshot injury
Authors: Seliukova N.Yu. , Misiura K.V. , Khoroshun E.M. , Makarov V.V. , Nehoduiko V.V. , Zalyubovska O.I. , Szucsik E.
Published: January 2025

War destroys normal life and is the main factor of human psychological and physical vulnerability. The stress of war is the most powerful pathogenic factor in the emergence, detection and exacerbation of somatic, mental and behavioral disorders. Trauma can affect the functioning of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, as well as affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. One of these strong physical types of stress is gunshot injury and, consequently, surgical intervention resulting in metabo­lic and physiological disturbances. During stress, an excessive amount of cortisol is produced, but when the human body is exhausted, the level of this hormone decreases, and then adrenal insufficiency occurs. The article considered secondary adrenal insufficiency that can develop as a result of surgical intervention after combat trauma with massive blood loss, which can be objectively characterized as acute stress in male combatants. It is important to pay attention to the recognition and early prevention of hypoglycemia in adrenal insufficiency. So, continuous glucose monitoring should be used. Although this test is quite safe, it is desirable to have a simpler diagnostic marker that can be obtained without the administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone. It is also recommended to study the level of cortisol in blood serum, pay attention to the deficiency of sex hormones. Measurement of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate should be included in the laboratory assessment of hypothalamic-­pituitary-adrenal axis function. Dynamic measurements of dehydroepiandrosterone have proven to increase the accuracy of diagnosing adrenal insufficiency. Thus, adrenal insufficiency can cause non-specific symptoms in a person who has acute stress. Early detection and testing based on clinical suspicion can prevent further development of adrenal crisis.
Methods for assessing manifestations of respiratory failure in patients with laryngeal and tracheal compression syndrome caused by thyroid diseases and cicatricial tracheal stenosis
Authors: Boyko V.V. , Kritsak V.V. , Sochnieva A.L. , Tkachenko V.V.
Published: January 2025

Background. Tracheal compression syndrome is one of the most severe complications of thyroid diseases and cicatricial tracheal stenosis, which is accompanied by respiratory failure. To assess the state of external respiratory function, standard research methods are used such as spirography, pneumotachometry, and body plethysmography. Objective criteria for respiratory failure are indicators of changes in blood gas composition and acid-base balance. However, these methods can only be considered as auxi­liary in the diagnosis of tracheal stenosis. Methods for assessing the degree of respiratory failure in this severe pathology have not been studied sufficiently. The purpose is to study methods for assessing the manifestations of respiratory failure in patients with laryngeal and tracheal compression syndrome caused by thyroid diseases and cicatricial tracheal stenosis. Materials and methods. The study included 272 patients with laryngeal and tracheal compression stenosis caused by cicatricial tracheal stenosis: 105 with cicatricial tracheal stenosis and 167 with thyroid diseases. All participants were admitted to the clinic as emergencies and operated for urgent indications for tracheal compression syndrome at the V.T. Zaytsev Institute of General and Urgent Surgery of the NAMSU. The study was conducted in 2018–2024. Results. Laryngeal and tracheal stenosis primarily causes changes in the blood gas composition and acid-base balance of varying intensity. A decrease in blood О2 saturation, especially over an extended period, inevitably affects the functioning of organs with high energy consumption. This makes a comprehensive approach to the treatment of such patients obvious. Therapy should be aimed not only at restoring airway patency, but also at supporting the entire body. Conclusions. To increase the effectiveness of surgical and medical rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal and cervical tracheal stenosis, the outlined set of studies is necessary, which will allow substantiating the pathogenetic treatment of such patients.
The impact of prolonged blockade of the releasing hormone on alterations in cardiac macrophage polarisation subsequent to quercetin administration in rats
Authors: Voroshylova T.A. , Shepitko V.I. , Stetsuk Ye.V. , Boruta N.V. , Vilkhova O.V. , Rud M.V. , Puzyryov G.S. , Sych O.V. , Miahkokhlib А.A.
Published: January 2025

Background. Cardiomyocytes represent the contractile units of the myocardium, while the maintenance and renewal of the extracellular matrix is a function of fibroblasts. The extracellular matrix provides structural support and mechanical signals for resident cells, and stores biologically active signaling molecules. All cells are subject to changes under the influence of various factors, some of which are induced by macrophages containing CD68 and CD163. The heart is unique in its structure and function, yet it is subject to changes under the influence of various factors. Testosterone plays an important role in the intracellular homeostasis of the heart. Quercetin is an organic substance belonging to the flavonoid family with a wide range of medicinal properties. The purpose of our study was to ascertain the impact of testosterone suppression on immunocompetent heart cells in male rats. The study employed a series of experimental periods, with the introduction of triptorelin and quercetin at varying stages. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 60 sexually mature male rats. The animals were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 50). Animals in the experimental group were injected with a solution of triptorelin at a dose of 0.3 mg of active substance per 1 kg of animal weight to modulate central deprivation of luteinising hormone synthesis. We used primary antibodies against CD163 and CD68. Results. The analysis of the count of monocyte-macrophage cells with CD68 receptors after triptorelin administration showed a sharp increase in their number at 1 month of observation. At 3 months, a significant decrease in this indicator was noted in comparison with the previous study period and with the control group. At month 6, a sharp increase in the number of cells with CD68 receptors was detected. At the 9th month of observation, a decrease in the number of monocyte-macrophage cells was noted compared to the control group. At 12 months, the index was significantly lower than in the previous period. Conclusions. The administration of triptorelin causes quantitative and qualitative changes in the population of macrophages in the interstitial space of the heart. The addition of quercetin changes the ratio in macrophage subpopulations, which may serve to develop effective treatments.
A Study on the Impact of Enterprise Social Media Visibility on Employee Job Satisfaction
Authors: Li Wenjie , Li Kailin , Wu Dong
Published: January 2025

The widespread use of enterprise social media has significantly impacted employee job satisfaction. However, “visibility”, as a crucial variable, remains underexplored. This study investigates how the visibility of enterprise social media affects employees’ psychological states and behaviors through mechanisms such as transparency, social comparison, and emotional feedback, ultimately influencing their job satisfaction. The paper also examines the positive and negative effects of different levels of visibility and explores the moderating role of organizational culture in this process. Finally, it provides practical recommendations for optimizing enterprise social media usage to enhance employee job satisfaction. This research not only expands the theoretical boundaries of social media studies but also offers valuable insights for enterprise management practices.
Effects of Concept Mapping Teaching Approach on Secondary School Students’ Achievement in Biology in Kitui County, Kenya
Authors: Mwambua Benedict M. , Keraro Fred N. , Wambugu Patriciah
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the impact of the Concept Mapping Teaching Approach (CMTA) on Biology achievement among year four students in selected secondary schools in Kitui County, Kenya. The Solomon Four Non-Equivalent Control Group design was used. The target population included all secondary school Biology students, while the accessible population comprised Form Four students from co-educational secondary schools in the county. A purposive sample of four secondary co-educational Sub County schools was selected. Two schools were randomly assigned as experimental groups and the remaining two schools served as control groups. The study sample comprised 173 Form four Biology students. Biology Achievement Test (BAT) was used to collect data. The BAT was validated by five experts. The reliability of BAT was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient formula. This yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.78. One-way ANOVA, ANCOVA and t-tests were used to analyze data at 0.05 level of significance. Results indicated that students exposed to CMTA showed significant improvements in their biology performance. Additionally, the study findings indicate that CTMA bridged the gender disparity in achievement.
Optimizing Watering Strategies: Enhancing Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) Growth and Yield Through Phase-Specific Water Management
Authors: Putra Dian Nugraha Harry , Widaryanto Eko , Karyawati Anna Satyana
Published: January 2025

The primary issue in zucchini cultivation is water availability. As a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, zucchini is notably sensitive to water supply, which can significantly influence plant growth and productivity. Each growth phase of the plant has specific water requirements that must be met for optimal development. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal watering management, tailored to the growth stages of zucchini, ensuring sustainable cultivation practices. The study was designed using a randomized block design (RBD) with 12 treatments. Four levels of watering management, based on field capacity (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%), were applied in combination with two main growth phases (vegetative and generative). The treatments were repeated three times, resulting in 36 experimental units. The findings of this study indicate that treatments V40G60, V40G80, and V60G60 led to a decrease in both growth and yield of zucchini plants. These included growth parameters such as plant length, number of leaves, number of male flowers, number of female flowers, plant fresh weight, and plant dry weight. Furthermore, the V40G60 treatment significantly reduced yield parameters, including fruit weight and plant yield.
Portable Heart Rate Monitor Using Arduino and Pulse Sensor
Authors: Sarkar Sayan
Published: January 2025

This project aims to develop an affordable and portable heart rate monitoring device using an Arduino Uno
microcontroller and a pulse sensor, overcoming the limitations of current solutions like fitness trackers and medical equipment.
Fitness trackers can be costly and lack customization, while medical-grade devices are bulky and designed for clinical use,
making them impractical for daily wear. The proposed system integrates an Arduino Uno, a pulse sensor to capture heart rate
data, an LED for visual feedback, and a breadboard for assembly. The Arduino processes the analog signals from the sensor,
filters noise, and calculates the beats per minute (BPM), displaying the results on a serial monitor. The LED provides real-time
feedback by blinking with each heartbeat. This low-cost and customizable solution is well-suited for personal fitness tracking,
basic health monitoring, and educational purposes. It addresses the need for a more accessible alternative to high-priced fitness
trackers and professional medical devices, offering a portable, user-friendly option. Future developments could include adding
wireless connectivity, data storage, and more advanced algorithms to improve accuracy. Ultimately, this project showcases how
open-source technologies can offer scalable, affordable solutions for real-time heart rate monitoring, benefiting a diverse range
of users
Patient Case Similarity
Authors: P Amruth Raj
Published: January 2025

The growing complexity and variety of patient information require the creation of intelligent systems to assist
healthcare professionals in making informed choices. This research presents an AI-powered online platform created to detect
and prioritize comparable patient cases based on demographic and clinical factors like age, gender, blood type, health
conditions, and treatments. Utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods such as TF-IDF vectorization and cosine
similarity, along with statistical feature engineering, the system provides precise and meaningful insights. The suggested
approach seeks to improve diagnostic accuracy, suggest tailored treatment strategies, and support medical studies by facilitating
pattern identification in patient data. Moreover, the platform enables users to customize similarity metrics with designated
weights, providing versatility in emphasizing clinical attributes. Initial assessments indicate its capability to recognize similar
cases with more than 90% precision, underscoring its potential to enhance conventional healthcare systems. This document
details the creation, application, and assessment of this platform, highlighting its significance in personalized medicine and
clinical decision assistance.
Blind Spot Monitoring System for Heavy Vehicles
Authors: Joy Ms. Nisha
Published: January 2025

Blind Spot Monitoring( BSM) systems are essential for enhancing safety in heavy vehicles, which witness significantly
larger eyeless spots compared to lower vehicles. These eyeless spots, especially on the sides and hinder, limit the motorist’s
visibility, adding the threat of collisions during lane changes, incorporating, and turning. The primary thing of this design is
to design a BSM system that can directly descry objects or vehicles within these critical zones and warn the motorist in real time,
reducing the chance of accidents. This BSM result eventually enhances road safety for both the vehicle motorist and near road
druggies, particularly in civic or densely peopled business surroundings. By addressing the unique visibility challenges faced by
heavy vehicles, the system not only minimizes accident pitfalls but also provides peace of mind for motorists. It represents a
precious safety advancement for lines, trucking companies, and public transport drivers aiming to ameliorate overall functional
safety
AI-Powered Early Detection and Prevention System for Student Dropout Risk
Authors: N.B. Mahesh Kumar  , T. Chithrakumar  , T. Thangarasan  , J. Dhanasekar  , P. Logamurthy
Published: January 2025

The increasing rate of student dropouts is a significant challenge in education systems worldwide, affecting both academic progress and institutional sustainability. This research presents an AI-driven predictive model aimed at early detection and prevention of student dropouts. Leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms, including ensemble learning and deep learning techniques, the model analyzes a variety of student data such as academic performance, attendance, behavioral patterns, socio-economic factors, and psychological well-being. By identifying early warning signs of potential dropouts, the model provides actionable insights for educators and administrators to intervene promptly. Additionally, the system integrates personalized recommendations for targeted support, ensuring students receive the necessary resources to improve their academic engagement and performance. This predictive approach not only helps in reducing dropout rates but also contributes to fostering a more supportive learning environment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the model, achieving high accuracy in dropout prediction and offering promising implications for its adoption in educational institutions
Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica chinensis L.) pada Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam
Authors: Afandi Moh. Imam , Hadid Abd
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Respon Pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy Pada Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Layana Indah, Kecamatan Mantikulore, Sulawesi Tengah, Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada bulan November sampai Desember tahun 2023. Penelitian ini Disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang ayam, terdiri dari 5 taraf :Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 15 unit percobaan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 3 tanaman sehingga diperlukan 45 tanaman. P0 = tanpa pupuk kandang ayam (kontrol), P1 (500g/polybag), P2 (600 g/polybag), P3 (700g/polybag), P4 (800g/polybag). Pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk kandang berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering tanaman pakcoy. Hasil penelitan menunjukan bahwa pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering. Pemberian pupuk kandang ayam dengan dosis  800g/polybag (setara 53 t/ha) menunjukan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering tanaman pakcoy.
‘Crowism’
Authors: DAPHNA REVES
Published: January 2025

The concept of 'crowism' allows to adapt the qualities of the crow and project them onto humanity's relationship. Like having an observation on the relation between a stat and the people culture motivation.
The feature of the crow, takes no burden of humanity society which mean: does not agree taming, presents an individual self-thought, cannot be restrained by regime and cannot be adapted to the pattern of the Western society.
El Comercio Exterior como Motor de la Economía Ecuatoriana (2019-2022): Un Estudio Crítico de Sus Limitaciones y Potencialidades
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Villacis Uvidia Juan Federico , Villagómez Aldas Lizbeth Carolina ,   Investigadora Independiente, Aldás Mayorga Fanny Katherine ,   Investigadora Independiente, Lara Guevara Keila Salome ,   Investigadora Independiente
Published: January 2025

Dentro de la presente investigación se estudió la incidencia en la economía ecuatoriana con el fin de buscar si es beneficiosa para nuestro país, utilizando una metodología de tipo descriptiva, donde se tomó un dato histórico para hacer la comparación donde en el Ecuador la agricultura dominaba al inicio de este período porque era el motor de la economía nacional en la costa, era el motor de la economía nacional, mientras que en la sierra la agricultura era para el consumo doméstico. Con el avance de los años notamos cambios ya que el comercio exterior es una actividad económica de apoyo para la economía de nuestro país, ya que este tipo de comercio se basa en intercambiar bienes y servicios con otros países que mantengan acuerdos comerciales, es así como nuestros productos ya no solo serán necesitados de manera interna o nacional, sino que también de manera exterior. Al momento de realizar una comparación dentro entre los años en los que se encuentra enfocada esta investigación, podemos concluir que a lo largo de la historia el Ecuador ha tenido muchos procesos de transición en cuanto al comercio exterior, ha experimentado altos y bajos teniendo en cuenta que sufrió mucho por un problema a nivel mundial como lo fue el COVID 19. Donde podemos declarar que el comercio exterior para el Ecuador representa un apoyo para la economía ecuatoriana.
The Process of Internal Corruption Detection using the Criminological Approach based on Case-based Reasoning
Authors: Cho June-Suh
Published: January 2025

Internal corruption within companies, particularly involving financial resources, is of immediate concern. The potential havoc it can wreak underscores the necessity of preventing and identifying such instances, as they are pivotal for an organization’s financial security, credibility, and reputation. This is a crucial area of research in criminology and fraud detection. Using a criminological perspective, this paper introduces the unique process of detecting internal corruption, specifically embezzlement. The method, a rule-based internal corruption detection system that employs Case-based Reasoning (CBR) and a criminological approach, is not just an advancement but a pioneering leap in the field of fraud detection in companies.
Product Familiarity and PGI Awareness among SOU24 Participants in a Cantuccini Toscani PGI Survey
Authors: Ginanneschi Marco , Tronci Sara , Piu Pietro
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the case of the newly established Consortium for the Protection of Cantuccini Toscani PGI’s search for consumer insights on product familiarity and PGI awareness through an innovative type of quick survey. After a comprehensive literature review and an analysis of other surveys carried out by PDO/PGI organizations, an original polling tool (based on five questions only) to be used on the occasion of food tastings and social media campaigns was designed and experimented for the first time on the occasion of The State of the Union (SOU), a summit organized annually by the European University Institute in Florence. Twenty-seven SOU2024 participants, including senior officials from the EU Commission and European policymakers, completed the questionnaire, providing insights into both product familiarity and PGI knowledge. Due to the limited number of respondents, the information related to the former aspect should be regarded as descriptive of the sample. However, given the unique nature of the SOU2024 population, the insights gathered on the latter element hold strategic relevance. They reveal a relatively high level of PGI unawareness and a widespread belief that PGI certifies only the product’s origin, not its quality. The authors suggest the adoption of countermeasures by the European Union, including the launch of a specific information campaign about European quality schemes directed at theso-called Eurocracy.
FORMACIÓN INICIAL PARA EL CAMBIO EN EL AULA: trabajando desde el tercer espacio educativo los libros ilustrados de no ficción y los ods a través de la comprensión lectora
Authors: Zarazaga Blanca Florido , Molero Salvador Gutiérrez , Claudio Carmen Romero
Published: January 2025

Este estudio analiza cómo los futuros maestros del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Cádiz abordan la formación de lectores críticos mediante secuencias didácticas donde se integran los libros ilustrados de no ficción (LINF) y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), en el marco de la LOMLOE. Las propuestas didácticas diseñadas evidencian que los LINF son recursos didácticos adecuados para su dinamización de manera interdisciplinar, promoviendo aprendizajes significativos y cercanos a la vida cotidiana y contexto de los estudiantes, mientras que fomentan el desarrollo de la competencia informacional y mediática desde la lectura. Además, resalta la importancia de conectar teoría y práctica desde el tercer espacio educativo, poniendo el foco en el proceso de planificación y uso de estratégias pedagógicas innovadoras por parte de los futuros docentes para su práctica profesional.
Effectiveness of Criminal Offense Law Regarding Illegal Levies: Reforming Social Organizations within the Indonesian Legal Framework
Authors: Helmi Muhammad Ishar , Pujiyono Pujiyono , Zada Khamami , Rambe Mara Sutan , Sahid Mualimin Mochammad
Published: January 2025

The widespread occurrence of illegal levies suggests that the current laws are ineffective in addressing extortion practices by mass organizations. This ineffectiveness stems from inadequate supervision of youth organization activities, insufficient transparency in financial transactions, and weak enforcement measures against organizations engaging in extortion. Actions taken by these organizations, such as coercing traders for illegal levies or soliciting donations, constitute criminal offenses under Article 368, paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and are further underscored in Article 59, paragraph (2) of the law on Mass Organizations. This article aims to examine the challenges posed by the ineffectiveness of existing laws concerning criminal offenses related to illegal levies perpetrated by mass organizations and their members. The research employs a normative legal analysis, focusing on applicable legal rules and various doctrines to address specific issues. The methodologies utilized include statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the current mass organization law is ineffective and requires revision, particularly regarding legal frameworks governing donation requests (illegal collections) made through coercive means. The sanctions imposed on mass organizations engaged in these practices are not criminal, rendering them ineffective. This article proposes the revision of Law No. 16 of 2017, which stipulates government regulations, to replace Law No. 2 of 2017, thus amending Law No. 17 of 2013 concerning community organizations.
Integrating Deep Learning with IOT: Combined Strategies for Botnet Detection
Authors: Soni Sumit Kumar , Nair Sreeja
Published: January 2025

This study presents the study on intrusion detection in IoT networks that focuses on botnet attacks based on IoT device vulnerabilities. The proposed research will use a hybrid DL approach with architectures such as CNN2D-LSTM, DNN-LSTM, RNN, and RNN+FSA to enhance botnet attack detection on the N-BaIoT dataset. The optimized feature dimensionality is achieved without sacrificing performance by combining the strength of long-term dependency recognition with local pattern detection. A small labelled test set was developed to streamline the evaluation process, as well as to test how well the system works in comparison with attacks like Gafgyt and Mirai. The results from the RNN+FSA hybrid model are very excellent with 100% accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score; better than other DL models. This study helps bring to the fore how hybrid DL techniques may be applied to boost the security of IoT and sheds the approach toward robust scalability in real-world applications.
Influence of Perfluorodecalin Content on the Properties of Blood Substitute
Authors: Mystkowska Joanna , Prokopczyk Gabriela , Łysik Dawid
Published: January 2025

Blood is a vital part of our circulatory system. It is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients, regulating body temperature, and fighting infections. However, any imbalances in blood composition or disruptions in the blood production process can affect the body’s overall functioning. Anemia is one of the most common blood diseases diagnosed worldwide. It is characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, which reduces the body’s ability to transport oxygen. To address this issue, researchers are developing blood substitutes with artificial oxygen carriers that can replace or support the natural function of red blood cells in oxygen transport. Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers (PFCs) such as perfluorodecalin (PFD) are promising for treating severe blood disorders because they can deliver O2 to tissues in various conditions. PFCs have higher storage stability than other oxygen carriers due to their bilayer sphere structure. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of different concentrations of PFD (1%wt., 2%wt.) and storage time (7, 14, 21, 28 days) on the properties of blood substitutes, including its physicochemical (pH, surface tension, electrolytic conductivity, contact angle, redox potential, oxygen content) and rheological characteristics. The results show that the PFD concentration did not have a statistically significant effect on most of the tested properties, except for the oxygen content, which was higher for the 2%wt. solution after 28 days of incubation. The incubation time significantly impacts the change in surface tension, contact angle, redox potential, and oxygen content. The obtained results are essential due to the use of perfluorodecalin in medicine as an oxygen carrier.
Determination of Heat Deflection Temperature under a Load and Vicat Softening Temperature of Powder Composites used for Ablative Shields
Authors: Sapinski Przemyslaw , Szczepaniak Robert , Plonka Daniel , Krzyzak Aneta , Kosicka Ewelina , Woroniak Grzegorz
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the results of a study to determine the heat deflection temperature (HDT) and Vicat softening temperature (VST) of polymer matrix powder composites used for ablative shielding. The issue is of particular importance since, during ablative tests, the composite material is partially burnt (ablative layer). However, its remaining parts are additionally heated to a higher temperature, which is consequently associated with a change in the visco-elastic properties that depend, among other things, on the VST and HDT temperatures. In the conducted research, the authors used different mass percentages of powder modifiers (montmorillonite, halloysite, mullite, carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide) matrix base epoxy resin LH 145 Havel with the hardener H147 in the experiments. Apart from observing thermal properties that may change due to a modification of the composition of the composites, the effect of conditioning of the samples on the test results was also noticed. It is preheating a composite at a temperature as low as 55°C was observed to increase the HDT and VST by approximately 20°C and the composite hardness by approximately 3-7%.
Recycled Carbon Fibers from Wind Turbine Blades: Advancing the Mechanical Performance of Concrete
Authors: Krassowska Julita , Kazberuk Andrzej
Published: January 2025

Recycled carbon fibers from wind turbine blades offer a sustainable approach to enhancing concrete’s mechanical properties. This study investigates the preliminary performance of concrete reinforced with fibers recovered via pyrolysis. Experimental results demonstrate improvements in flexural strength (up to 30%) and fracture mechanics parameters (e.g., KIc and CTODc). Planned research will focus on optimizing mix designs and exploring deformation criteria for quasi-brittle materials, paving the way for environmentally friendly construction solutions.
Changes in the Structure of the AK7 Alloy in Terms of Modification
Authors: Romankiewicz Remigiusz
Published: January 2025

On this work there was decided to verify the possibility of influence of micro additives of strontium and boron on structure of AlSi7Mg (EN-AC-42000) alloy with chemical composition according to PN-EN 1706. As the modifier there were used AlSr10 (0.3%) and AlTi5B1 (0.3%) master alloy, which were added separately and together. Changes in the structure of individual samples of the AK7 alloy were examined using a metallographic microscope. The chemical composition of complex intermetallic phases formed in the structure of the tested alloy was also examined. The most beneficial effect turned out to be the effect of strontium in the form of 0.3% AlSr10, ensuring a favourable conversion of lamellar silicon into the form of fine fibres. The presence of complex phases was observed in all test samples. Most often, these were phases with various needle shapes and variable Fe and Mn contents.