bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of art therapy and play therapy on anxiety among hospitalized preschool children
Authors: Dalei Sweta Rani , Nayak Geeta Rani , Pradhan Rubi
Published: January 2021

Background: Play is a tremendous method of communication, expansion of social relationship and communal understanding. Admission into the hospital leads to anxiety and strain for children due to alteration in the settings and their health conditions. Children suffer from separation anxiety; they are not cooperative and do not allow nurses to do any invasive procedures. So the study aimed to find out the anxiety level and role of art and play therapy to overcome it.

Material and methods: Sixty preschool hospitalised children were selected for the study. Data were collected through a self-structured questionnaire on socio-demographic and hospitalisation anxiety scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.

Results: The study findings revealed that 75%, 20% and 5% of children had moderate, severe and mild anxiety during hospitalisation. There was a significant difference observed between pre-test and a post-test mean score of anxiety level in art and play therapy at p<0.0001. A significant relationship was observed between the duration of hospitalisation and anxiety level.

Conclusion: The present study's findings conclude that art therapy and play therapy are cost-effective, convenient, and require less skill to reduce anxiety among hospitalised preschool children.
Kommunikation in Bibliotheken unter geänderten Bedingungen – ein persönlicher Erfahrungsbericht
Authors: Blumesberger Susanne
Published: January 2021

Der Beitrag setzt sich aus subjektiver Sicht mit der Frage auseinander, wie sich unser Kommunikationsverhalten an den Bibliotheken in der Zeit der Pandemie verändert hat, worauf wir achten, aber auch was wir für die Zukunft eventuell beibehalten sollten. Einerseits ermöglicht der Umstieg auf virtuelle Besprechungen mehr Flexibilität und Spontanität. Wir freuen uns auch über eine Zeit- und Kostenersparnis, aber auf der anderen Seite verliert unsere Kommunikation vielleicht auch an Qualität. Mimik und Gestik gehen oft verloren, sensiblere Gespräche, wie beispielsweise in der Mitarbeiter*innenführung oder auch in Bewerbungsgespräche verlangen eventuell eine andere Umgebung als wir derzeit bieten können. Insgesamt liegt es jetzt an uns, welche Lektionen wir aus dieser erzwungenen Kommunikationsdigitalisierung lernen und welche positiven Erfahrungen wir in die Zeit nach der Pandemie mitnehmen und welche nicht.
Teaching in Library and Information Studies: Creating videos to provide educational content
Authors: Boté-Vericad Juan-José
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 has forced several changes in the teaching of Library and Information Studies. In this article we explain our experience in creating and publishing videos as educational content at the University of Barcelona. Students having to learn by distance teaching have different needs in regard to the provision of educational materials. Similarly, professors need to give the best possible experience to distance students when face-to-face courses are not possible. This leads to the question of the roles that information literacy and digital literacy play, especially for professors.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF INSERTING AN INTERNAL HOLLOW CORE TO FINNED HELICAL COIL TUBE-SHELL HEAT EXCHANGER
Authors: K. Roomi Bahaulddin , A. Theeb Maathe
Published: January 2021

In the present study, an experimental study and a numerical method are used to simulate the effect of utilizing finned helical coil heat exchanger horizontally oriented with and without internal hollow core inside the shell and monitoring the heat transfer intensification behavior and performance enhancement, by using ANSYS FLUENT 2019R3 package. The working fluid in the inlet side of the coil will be superheated vapor refrigerant (R410a) after the compression stage of the air conditioner (1TR) split type, the working fluid in the shell side is water with various flow rates (1,2 and 3) LPM. Found that when using a heat exchanger with internal hollow core reduces the time needed to reach the steady-state outlet temperature and directly proportional to the size of the core by 20% and slightly increasing the water outlet temperature by 5%.
THERMAL PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF A VERTICAL THERMOSYPHON HEAT PIPE BY FLOW CONTROL OF THE TWO PHASES
Authors: A. B. Temimy Alaa , A. Abdulrasool Adnan
Published: January 2021

Heat Pipe (THP) has a continues evaporation/ condensation cycles of the working fluid. The flow patterns of the two phases is founds by previous published articles, as a non-steady complex spatial flow pattern. This type of the flow blocks the easy moving of the two-phases and limits the thermal performance of the THP. In this study, a copper tubes packing (TP) is simulated numerically to control/manage the flow streams of the two phases inside the THP. The simulated THP is 600mm length made of copper partially filled with water. The TP is consist of a two copper tubes attached contrary to each other with a neighboring openings. The upper tube (Riser tube) facilitate the moving of steam streams from evaporator section to the top of the condenser section. The lower tube (Down-comer tube) facilitate the moving of the condensate streams from the condenser section to the bottom of the evaporator section. The tested filling ratios are (40,50,55,60 and 70) % of evaporator section volume. The supplied heats are (50,75,100,150 and 200) W. The Computational Fluid Dynamics solution are done for a three dimensional model (3DCFD) using ANSYS/ Fluent R19.0 software. The simulation result of the steam volume fractions contours shows that the insertion of TP control the flow streams of both phases. Also prevent the formation of complex flow patterns then enhance the axial velocity vectors and reduce cross velocity vectors. The inserted TP provide a regular circulation paths for the working fluid phases and enhance evaporation /condensation processes. Hence it’s reduce the thermal resistance of the THP about 55% and enhance the thermal performance with the same percentage. In addition, the thermal performance of the enhanced TPTHP is not/a little influence due to the variation of the filling ratio.
INVESTIGATING THE ABILITY OF MICROBIAL SOLAR CELL IN ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION
Authors: R. Khanjer Zahraa , H. Ali Ahmed , O. Kariem Nagham
Published: January 2021

The present study aims to Fabricate a promising Microbial Solar Cell (MSC) for electricity generation using (sludge, wastewater and mixed algae), two single chamber MSCs were applied, firstly the sludge and algae cell (SMSC) was used and factors such as pH, types of light source, temperature, configuration of electrode and mixing ratio have been studied. The best pH, light source, temperature, configuration of electrode, and mixing ratio of the sludge and algae experiment are found to be 7, sun light, 30 oC, square electrode, and 1:1 respectively would be used in the wastewater and algae cell (WWMSC) for finding the most effective substrates for electrical energy generation. By comparing the Voltage resulted from sludge Microbial Solar cell (SMSC) and wastewater Microbial Solar cell (WWMSC). It was found that (SMSC) produce higher electrical energy than (WWMSC) with a voltage equal to 180 mV.
CONJUGATE NATURAL CONVECTION IN A POROUS ENCLOSURE SANDWICHED BY FINITE WALLS AND SUBJECTED TO CONVECTION COOLING CONDITION
Authors: H. Hatem Hassan , F. Ali Luma
Published: January 2021

Steady conjugate natural convection heat transfers in a two-dimensional enclosure filled with fluid saturated porous medium is studied numerically. The two vertical boundaries of the enclosure are kept isothermally at same temperature, the horizontal upper wall is adiabatic, and the horizontal lower wall is partially heated. The Darcy extended Brinkman Forcheimer model is used as the momentum equation and Ansys Fluent software is utilized to solve the governing equations. Rayleigh number (1.38 ≤ Ra ≤ 2.32), Darcy number (3.9 * 10-8), the ratio of conjugate wall thickness to its height (0.025 ≤ W ≤ 0.1), heater length to the bottom wall ratio (1/4 ≤  ≤ 3/4) and inclination angle (0°, 30° and 60°) are the main considered parameters. The presented results show the effect of these parameters on the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics. These results include streamlines, isotherm patterns, and local and average Nusselt number for different values of the governing parameters. It is found that either increasing the Rayleigh number and the ratio of conjugate wall thickness to its height (d/H) or decreasing the ratio of heat source width to bottom wall (l/L), the average Nusselt number is increased. Also, it was observed that the average Nusselt number does not change substantially with inclination angle.
FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF NORMAL AND HIGH STRENGTH CONTINUOUS BEAMS REINFORCED BY GFRP BARS
Authors: M. Abdullah Muayad , F. Hassan Hassan
Published: January 2021

In the reinforced concrete structures, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been considered an alternative material to steel reinforcement with the advantages of corrosion resistance, non-conductivity, and high strength to weight ratio. This work is devoted to study the flexural behavior of normal and high strength concrete continuous beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) bars. Ten continuous beams, with dimensions 150 mm wide × 250 mm deep × 2300 mm long consisting of two equal spans were investigated in this study. The beams were divided into three groups according to the compressive strength of concrete (30, 50 and 70) MPa. Each group consists of three beams with different longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρfmin, ρfb and 1.5ρfb; where ρfmin and ρfb are the reinforcement ratio at a minimum and balanced condition, respectively). The ultimate load, mid-span deflection, cracks size, concrete strains, GFRP reinforcement strains of the tested beams were verified and contrasted. The experimental results indicate that the increase in the longitudinal reinforcement ratio increases the ultimate load by 125% and decreases the crack size and mid-span deflection by 78% and 57%, respectively. The experimental data were compared with the proposed ACI 440.1R-15 and CSA S806-12 equations. the ultimate load were greater than the calculated results according to (ACI 440.1R-15) by (20%) for beams with (ρmin), while beams with (ρb and 1.5ρb) the ultimate load were less than the calculated results by (9%), cracks size were close to the results according to (ACI 440.1R-15) for normal strength beams, while for high strength beams results were less than the results according to (ACI 440.1R-15), while ISIS-Canada 07 showed good agreement for all tested beams.
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY ON COLLECTING OF RAINWATER HARVESTING AND DETENTION POND DESIGNING TO REDUCE THE LOADS ONTO SANITARY NETWORKS
Authors: S. Thajeel Muhsin , H. Ali Ahmed , M. Rahi Khayyun
Published: January 2021

Rainwaters harvesting has been the vital source of water resource for drinkable and non-drinkable purposes in the ancient eras. As the water transportation systems stayed not used for water supply for these times. At present, the water distribution systems have upgraded, but the request to fresh water is increasing due to the inhabitants growing, and development. The water shortages and presented water supply for drinking are limited, which insisted the specialists working in the water division to search for solutions could be applied to the water deficiency that many countries in the world are facing. Optimization of water habit and the management of water resource will be able to aid to passing water shortage. This work contains the first designing and accumulation of rainwater from the rooftop in Baghdad City. Moreover, designing a detention pond using hydrology studio software programme to store the collected water.
DUCTILITY OF NORMAL AND HIGH STRENGTH CONTINUOUS BEAMS REINFORCED WITH GFRP REBARS
Authors: M. Abdullah Muayad , F. Hassan Hassan
Published: January 2021

In the reinforced concrete structures, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been considered an alternative material to steel reinforcement with advantages of corrosion resistance, non-conductivity and a high strength to weight ratio. This work is devoted to study the flexural behavior of normal and high strength concrete continuous beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) rebars. Ten continuous beams, with dimensions 150 mm wide × 250 mm deep × 2300 mm length consisting of two equal span were investigated. The beams were divided into three groups according to the compressive strength of concrete (30, 50 and 70) MPa. Each group consists of three beams with different longitudinal ρf (ρfmin, ρfb and 1.5ρfb; where ρfmin and ρfb are the reinforcement ratio at minimum and balanced condition, respectively). Failure load, mid-span deflection, mid-span concrete strains, GFRP reinforcement strains, crack width and ductility of the tested beams were verified and been compared. The experimental results indicate that the increase in the longitudinal ρf increases the failure load by 125% and decreases the crack width and mid-span deflection by 78% and 57%, respectively.
PHOTOLYSIS OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING AN ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS (ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE)
Authors: A. Mohammed Hanadi , A. Khaleefa Seroor , I. Basheer Mohammed
Published: January 2021

Photolysis of methylene blue was studied by using an advanced UV/H2O2 oxidation process. This study investigated different initial dye concentrations (I0, 20, 30 ppm) using different concentrations of H2O2 (10 %, 30%, 50 %) in three additions (5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL). The results showed that the degradation efficiencies of this dye at different concentrations were as follows: 99.86 % at 10 ppm using 15 mL of 10 % H2O2 after 60 min, 99.22 % at 20 ppm using 15 mL of 30 % H2O2 for 60 min, and 98.90 % at 30ppm using 15 mL of 50 % H2O2 after 90 min. An increase in the optimum concentration of H2O2 was observed with an increase in the initial dye concentration. The de-coloration time also increased with increasing initial dye concentration.
EFFECT OF IMPACT LOAD ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE SLABS REINFORCED BY CFRP BARS
Authors: T. Khamies Hind , K. Medhlom Mu’taz
Published: January 2021

Using FRP bars in the concrete structures under harsh environment produces extension of those service life and dropping of the cost of their lifecycle. This study investigated the influence of slab thickness, material of rebar, arrangement of reinforcement and mass’s dropped on the dynamic behavior of RC slabs by using laboratory experiments. Seven specimens 1550×1550 mm dimension with two thickness 120 and 150mm, single control specimen reinforced with steel bars and six specimens reinforced by CFRP bars were experimentally investigated under sequential dropping-weight ranged from 50 to 150kg, it was a rigid steel projectile, used to apply impacting load. 2.5m was the height of dropping. For estimated penetration depth, three empirical formulas have been used, ACE formulae was preferable predictor than other formulas. Different codes were used to calculation punching shear capacity and critical velocity of perforation and compared the experimental results with these codes. The experimental results showed that the shear properties of slabs have a significant effect in their general behavior. And preferable performance in FRP slabs than slabs reinforced with steel can be achieved which considering high strength and corrosion resistance of this material, which makes it a suitable choice for reinforcing materials.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL AERATED LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE REINFORCED WITH IRON LATHING WASTE
Authors: S. Abdulhussein Samer , A. Alfeehan Ashraf
Published: January 2021

Currently, the industry of construction requires finding efficient materials to increase the durability and strength as well as decreasing the concrete structure’s total weight. Therefore, an effort was made in this study for examining the impact of adding waste materials such as the iron lathing waste fibers. Iron lathe wastes have been deformed into twisted strips with a width of (4mm) and sieving size of (4.75-10) mm. The experimental investigation has been achieved with the use of four mixes related to light-weight concretes, involving different volumetric ratios of the iron lathing waste fibers as (0%, 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2 %). With the increase in the volume fraction of the lathing waste fibers from 0% to 2%, the results showed that there were a significant increase and improvement in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, static modulus of elasticity, and dynamic modulus of elasticity by 12%, 67.5%, 134%, 27%, and 26% respectively. This indicates that the iron waste fibers have an important impact in enhancing the mechanical properties of the hardened concrete through the structural change in the concrete matrix.
SINHAS-1 Maize Seed Production Through Male-Female Ratio and Pruning Technique
Authors: Ridwan Ifayanti , Bdr Muh Farid , Musa Yunus , Jamil Hatta , Amin A. Rusdayani , Anshori Muhammad Fuad , Pati Sakka , Nursini N. , Fadhilah Annastya Nur
Published: January 2021

The research was aimed to obtain male and female rows ratio and best pruning technique towards SINHAS 1 maize production. This research was conducted in Experimental Farm Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea District, Makassar, South Sulawesi with elevation of 22,4 meters above the sea level throughout May – August 2020. The experiment was carried out in the form of Split Plot Design with male-female row ratio as main plot, which consisted of three levels: 1:2 ratio, 1:3 ratio, and 1:4 ratio. Sub plot was pruning techniques: no pruning, male parent pruning and leaf pruning under the cob of female parent. The result showed that the favorable male-female row ratio towards SINHAS 1 maize production was 1:4 ratio. Male parent pruning was the best pruning technique for SINHAS 1 maize production. The interaction between male-female ratio and best pruning technique was 1:3 male-female ratio with male parent pruning technique. Characters that showed positively direct significance towards productivity were cob diameter, cob length, and number of seed rows per cob
Growth and Production of Corn in Various Planting Distances Systems
Authors: Padjung Rusnadi , Bdr Muh Farid , Nasaruddin N. , Ridwan Ifayanti , Anshori Muhammad Fuad , Abduh T Andi Dwie Mochammad , Fachri Ahrani Akbar
Published: January 2021

Corn is one of the most important food commodities consumed by most people in various parts of the country. There is a real interaction between spacing varieties on the observed characters. There are one or more production chatacters that have a significant correlation with production. This research will be carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Bajeng Cereal Research Institute, Bajeng District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, with a coordinate point of 5o18'21.5 "LS, 119o28'38.6" BT. The research was conducted from August to November 2020. This study used a separate plot experimental design. The main plot is a planting system legowo (S) which consists of 3 planting systems, namely the spacing of 75 x 20 cm = 66,667 pop / ha (J1), Legowo (50 + 100) x 20 cm = 66,667 population / ha (J2), and Legowo (50 + 100) x 18 cm = 74,074 population / ha (J3). Meanwhile, the subplots were maize varieties (V), namely NASA 29 (V1), Bisi 2 (V2), and Sinhas 1 (V3). From the research results, it can be concluded that the spacing has no effect on the character of the observation. the variety has a very significant effect on the observed character, except for rod diameter. As for the correlation, the observed characters that had an effect on production were ear length and weight of 1000 seeds
Response of Entres Age and Clone to Growth of Rubber Seedling (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg)
Authors: Karneta Railia , Manisah M.
Published: January 2021

Effort to increase rubber plant production should be done, especially rejuvenation for old rubber plant which in turn require high numbers of seedling within short time period. One of the method to provide rubber plant seedlings within short time period is through grafting technique which combine plant having strong rootas base stem and high production plant as upper stem (entres). The objective of this research was to study response of entres age and clone to growth of rubber seedling (Hevea brasiliensis Muell, Arg.) produced from green and brown grafting. This study was conducted from February 2019 to Februari 2020. This study used Factorial Randomized Block Design with entres age as the first factor consisting of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months as well as clone as the second factor consisting of PB 260 and BPM 24. Data was analyzed by using analysis of variance and followed bywith Honestly Significant Different (HSD) test and regression analysis. The study results showed that the best treatment was entres having 9 months of age as indicated by grafting success, the speed of stum out, stumlength, stumdry weight, root length androot dry weight which had the highest values than that of other treatments. Clone of PB 260 was the best entres that was very compatible with base stem of GT1 clone than that of BPM 24 clone because it gave the highest yield in term of all observed parametes. The interaction between 9 month entres age and PB 260 clone was the best treatment
The Effect of NPK Doses and Plant Spacing on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Growth and Production
Authors: Rahmawati R.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of NPK doses and proper plant spacing in lettuce growth and production. The experiment was conducted in Wirimpalennae Village, Tempe Subdistrict, Wajo Regency from January to March 2017. The experiment employed randomized block design with 2 factor factorial namely NPK doses (300 kg/ha, 350 kg/ha, 400 kg/ha and plant spacing (20 x 25 cm, 25 x 25 cm, 25 x 40 cm). The result showed that the interaction between NPK doses and plant spacing were significantly influenced the fresh weight of lettuce. The highest yield of lettuce was 2,16 kg/Ha (12 t/Ha) produced by the combination of NPK dose (350 kg/ha) and plant spacing (25 x 25). The interaction of NPK dose and plant spacing treatments were not significantly influenced others parameters
The Impact of Road Light on Growth and Result of Soybean Plant
Authors: Herawati Jajuk , Indarwati I. , S. Tatuk Tojibatus , Thohiron Mochamad , Prasetyo Heru
Published: January 2021

Until now, soybean is still one of the priority food commodities in Indonesia. in the agricultural revitalization program launched by the government in 2005, due to the high price volatility that did not rule out the possibility of shaking the Indonesian economy. Soybean plants can provide positive and negative responses to environmental changes growing above and in the soil.  This response can be known from phenotypic and physiological changes in plants. The environment on land which influences the growth of soybean plants mainly is the duration and intensity of irradiation, air temperature, CO2 content in the atmosphere. The study aims to determine the impact of street lighting on the growth and yield of soybean plants.  The study used a Randomized Block Design Method with 3 treatments,  and each treatment was repeated 9 times, so that it takes 27 treatment plots. J0= Distance of street lighting to soybean land (meters), J1: 50 meters, J2: 60 meters, and J3: 70 meters.  Observations were made one week after planting at 7-day intervals for growth parameters (plant height and number of leaves), while for the production parameters (Number of Content Pods/Plants, Dry Weight (DW) 100 Seeds, DW Seeds/Plots, and DW Seeds/Ha) are carried out after harvest. From the results of the study it can be concluded that there are real differences in the parameters of growth and production (number of filled pods, DW 100 seeds, DW seeds/plot, and DW seeds/ha), where the J3 treatment is capable of producing 2.89 tons/ha (an increase in dry weight of seeds/ha by 28.4%), compared to J1 2.24 tonnes/ha , although not significantly different from Treatment  J2
Teacher Creativity In Forming Character Education
Authors: Islam Muhammad Hifdil , Baihaqy Yussof Mohammad Hilmy
Published: January 2021

The law No.20 of 2003 article 3 states that national education in Indonesia has a functions to develop capabilities and shape the character and civilization of a dignified nation in the context of the intellectual life of the land, aiming at improving the potential of learners to become human beings who believe in and have faith in God Almighty, moral noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and be a democratic, responsible citizen. Character education can be seen from two great perspectives, namely how he can recognize, behave and manage himself, and recognize, behave, and lead others. More explicitly, character education is an essential platform for social control based on self-awareness. Based on the research that I have done there turns out to be a significant relationship between the successful application of character education in schools with the creativity of teachers. That is, the more creative a teacher is in implementing character education in schools, the higher the success of character education for students. Based on that conclusion, the authors suggest that every teacher has high creativity in the application of character education in schools. The trick is always to deepen the notion of creativity, the characteristics of creative teachers, and ways to develop creativity. Thus it is expected that the application of character education in schools runs effectively and efficiently.
Improving the stochastic model to identify threats of damage or unauthorized leakage
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Stefurak O. R. , Tykhonov Yu. O. , Laptyev O. A. , Zozulya S. A.
Published: January 2021

The key role in building security systems of information resources as components of national information resources of the state is played by theory and practice, in which the scientific and methodological base is the basis for making sound and effective management decisions by information security of the state at all levels. The article identifies critical components of information space security based on an analytical analysis of threats of damage or unauthorized leakage of information at the objects of information activity. Based on the obtained analytical data, the stochastic model of threats of damage or unauthorized leakage of information at the objects of information activity has been improved. Based on the results of the proposed model, modeling was performed in order to confirm the analytical data and identified priorities for information security. The most critical areas and threats to information security are identified. The obtained results allow to plan the information security system taking into account the most probable threats. Plan and implement priority information security measures. Focus on protecting more likely areas of threat.
Detection of digital photomontage based on image contrast analysis
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Odessa, Borysenko I. I.
Published: January 2021

Details that are invisible to the human eye in an image with low contrast can become an indicator of inconsistencies in the relative position of objects / people in the image or their illumination, which can be considered a sign of digital tampering. The article proposes a new approach for detecting photomontage in a digital image only using methods to increase the contrast of the image.
Assessment of personal data safety parameters in power social networks based on topology
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Savchenko V. A. , Akhramovych V. M. , Akulinicheva M. V.
Published: January 2021

The article investigates the model of the power social network, which, in contrast to classical approaches, allows to analyze the dynamic processes of interaction of individual agents within the network, in particular the dissemination of information about social impact. Expansion of social networks, connection of new nodes leads to an increase in the load on the system as a whole and negatively affects the protection of users, including their personal data. Traditionally, security parameters in social networks are studied using statistical methods and generalized mathematical dependencies and are fragmentary. The aim of the article is to develop a methodology for assessing the security parameters of personal data for networks with a degree distribution of connectivity of nodes based on the study of their topological features. The research is carried out on the basis of the classical Barabashi-Albert model using the principle of preferential connection, which puts the probability of making new connections depending on the number of existing connections of the node. A larger node means more opportunities to pick up new connections added to the network. The main security parameters are: the degree of the node, the average path length, the probability of joining new nodes, the clustering factor, the correlation between the degrees of neighboring nodes. It is shown that increasing the degree of the node and the length of the middle path has a negative effect on the protection of personal data, as it increases the likelihood of interception of information. Also, with increasing clustering factor, the flow of information increases, which leads to an increase in the load on the protection system and negatively affects the protection. Correlation between the degrees of neighboring nodes affects the redistribution of information flows and can, depending on the degree of nodes, both negatively and positively affect the protection. Modeling for networks of different scales is carried out and conclusions on expediency of application of a technique are made.
Using blockchain technology to ensure information security
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kostyuk P. P.
Published: January 2021

Blockchain technology is becoming one of the main drivers of innovation in the global economy. Its implementation will have a huge impact on how businesses and governments operate and on how people organize their daily lives. The financial services industry is currently under the greatest impact of the blockchain revolution, and financial institutions are among the earliest users of the technology. At the same time, the maritime industry, as a fairly traditional industry, does not yet have many examples of blockchain applications, but this technology can significantly change this industry.
IoT-Fog-Cloud system architecture for big data analysis and cybersecurity systems: a review of fog computing, the introduction to the Internet of Things audit
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kolisnyk D. R. , Misevych K. S. , Kovalenko S. V.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the issues of system architecture IoT-Fog-Cloud, considers the interaction between the three levels of IoT, Fog and Cloud for the effective implementation of programs for big data analysis and cybersecurity. The article also discusses security issues, solutions and directions for future research in the field of the Internet of Things and nebulous computing.
Functional model of the Security Operation Center
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Bushkov V. G. , Solovyov Ye. V. , Bobrovsʹkyy O. O. , Mishchan V. Ye. , Popov V. O.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the functional model of the Security Operation Center (SOC), which combines the basic policies, procedures and technological tools to combat cyber impacts on the organization. The main functions of SOC, tasks and methods of implementation are defined. Examples of practical application of the model are given. The architecture of a typical SOC infrastructure is proposed.
Forecasting the time of a cyber attack based on the results of non-stationary processes analysis
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Korostelʹ V. S. , Kozhukhivsʹkyy A. D. , Lutsenko I. M. , Kitura O. V. , Maslova Yu. Yu.
Published: January 2021

The ability to predict cyberattacks before they occur will undoubtedly change the course of cyberwarfare and cybercrime. The problem with predicting cyberattacks is to obtain appropriate and reliable signals to counter cyber attackers. The article is based on machine learning methods and develops an integrated system for transforming large amounts of publicly available data to predict cyber incidents.
Administration of the Indigenous Entrepreneurship Model on a Sample of Young Entrepreneurs
Authors: Qureshi Shahid , Mustafa Abdullah , Amin Misbah
Published: January 2021

This research applies the indigenous entrepreneurship model developed at the center for entrepreneurial development at IBA Karachi. This model is based on the pre-effectuation principles and effectuation theory of entrepreneurship. The model is different from the existing utilitarian models. The model signifies the importance of nation-building and family orientation to pursue an entrepreneurial journey. The efficacy of the model has been tested on a sample of 500 young participants (men and women) during the Entrepreneurship Programs. Effectuation and Pre-effectuation have been tested on a sample of 500 participants (including both men and women), and Nation-building and Family orientation is tested amongst the sample of women only. The paper reveals the impact of entrepreneurial mindset training and coaching in Karachi and Faisalabad. For the efficacy of the indigenous entrepreneurship model, the research paper presents the sample case studies.
Determinants of Gross Saving: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Pervez Hira , Khan Rashid
Published: January 2021

The present research examined those factors that affect gross savings in the developing economy of Pakistan. Data from the period of 11 years from 2010 to 2020 was gathered from secondary sources. The study found that the inflation rate has a negative and significant relation with gross savings. It is also found that the interest rate has a negative and significant relation with gross savings. We also found that openness to the economy has a positive and significant relation with gross savings. Implications, discussion and future directions are also highlighted.
Male Superiority in Quran: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Khan Muhammad Aqeel , Zubair Muhammad , Hassan Abida
Published: January 2021

The role of a woman as an individual in many Muslim societies has been undermined. When the Quran uses the word 'Nafs' or person, it describes the relation of the individual with Allah without taking into account any difference of male or female. Quran is the last revelation on Earth has to be interpreted in its best meaning. The superiority of male in the Quran must be read with conditions attached to it. Only those men who are breadwinners are preferred. Secondly, faddala does not mean preference of all men overall women, but the word ba'd have been specifically used in the said verse. Moreover 'Daraba' interpreted as beating or scourging of a wife by husband in order to make her obedient is not supported by any tradition of the Prophet (SAW). Ijtehad or independent reasoning must be encouraged for the revival of Islamic jurisprudence.
CPEC a Gateway: Changing the Lives of Intra and Inter-Regional People
Authors: Siddiq Ujala , Khan Zargham Ullah , Tahir Aisha
Published: January 2021

CPEC is an ongoing development megaproject which aims to connect Gwadar Port of Pakistan to Chinas northwestern region of Xinjiang, via a network of highways, railways, and pipelines. The economic corridor is considered central to China-Pakistan relations and will run about 2700 km from Gwadar to Kashgar. The vision and mission of CPEC are "To improve the lives of people of Pakistan and China". By building an economic corridor promoting bilateral connectivity, construction, explore potential bilateral investment, economic and trade, logistics and people to people contact for regional connectivity. It includes integrated transport, IT systems including road, rail, seaports, air and data communication channels, energy cooperation, spatial layout, functional zones, industries and industrial parks, agricultural development and poverty alleviation. This intimacy will lead to human resource development. In this paper, a study is done by collecting primary data by questionnaires. The development of the health sector and the construction of the hospital, water filtration plants and other facilities have been checked and analyzed. The question that is answered by conducting this study is; will this project help to change the lives of the people and will facilitate them nicely?
FATA Merger to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Problems and Prospects for Federalism in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Ghulam , Ansari Muhammad Ilyas , Firdous Malik
Published: January 2021

Federalism provides opportunity to the diverse societies with the distinct cultural and geographical heritage of such constitutional arrangements that they can strengthen their bond with the rest of the areas of a state. Federalism in Pakistan started in a unique way where its two main regions had no geographical adhesion. The west wing of Pakistan is culturally diverse. People of FATA lived their lives almost for seventy (70) years without constitutional rights. That was the reason after the American invasion in Afghanistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) became the hub of terrorist activities. The state of Pakistan noticed this situation and formed a FATA reforms committee. According to the recommendations FATA was merged in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The people of the area faced issues due to the lack of administrative setups. Now, the challenge for federal and KPK government is to develop the area according to the wishes of the people.
Media Landscapes with Religious and Ethnic Conflicts in Pakistan: The Case of Security Concerns for Journalists in Balochistan
Authors: Niaz Babrak , Adnan Malik , Irtaza Sadaf
Published: January 2021

This paper attempts to have insight into the media landscape of Balochistan and issues too. Balochistan is considered to be a conflict zone due to many religious and ethnic issues. The safety of journalists and media workers are a prime concern for journalistic bodies and government. The violence's against journalists leads them to self-censorship, and it has limited the topics and geographical access covered by media. National media is working as bureau offices only; Bureau Chiefs of the media outlet are working as reporters. Balochistan and issues related to Balochistan are wipeouts from national media, and it has brought a sense of deprivation among people of Balochistan. Less coverage to Balochistan is one of the threatening elements for journalists, and different pressure groups have threatened journalists and few even killed.
Separation of Powers and System of Checks and Balances: A Debate on the Functionalist and Formalist Theories in the Context of Pakistan
Authors: Munir Bakht , Cheema Zaheer Iqbal , Riaz Jawwad
Published: January 2021

Modern-day democracies are constructed on the constitutional mechanism of separation of powers introduced in the U.S. Constitution where Pakistan stands with no exception. With qualitative research methodology, this paper aims to investigate the following issues: origin and evolution of the concept of separation of powers with reference to formalist and functionalist theories, application of tripartite government in the context of Pakistan, why the application of this concept could not receive its due appreciation in Pakistan, the role of the military as an additional unavoidable stakeholder in the evolution of trichotomy of powers in the democratic transition and judicial response to circumscribe unbridled military regimes in Pakistan. This article also explicates how the state organs can help identify their jurisdictional bounds to avoid the potential threat of confrontation and suggests how in the transition of institutional demarcations self-realisation of constraints can play a considerable role to comprehend the spirit of constitutionalism.
Social Marketing: A Pathway to Reduce the Economic Burden of Noncommunicable Diseases in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Farooq , Hamid Syed Ali Raza , Qaisar Muhammad Nawaz
Published: January 2021

In developing countries like Pakistan, social issues have kept the developmental activities back and persistently aggravated the hardships of common people. This, in turn, undermines to take new initiative and is one of the major impediments to developing an enterprising workforce. This article discusses the importance of marketing to address noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) from a social marketing perspective, NCDs approximately cause four million deaths annually. Pakistan is a signatory of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and promoting good health is the heart of achieving and delivering on 2030 sustainable development agenda. Efforts to reduce obesity so far are not successful despite several measures taken globally. This paper seeks the efficacy of social marketing using group-centered approaches to reduce the economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. The efficacy of group-centered approaches in the context of social marketing was explored to address social and health issues confronted by various countries.
The Principle of non- Refoulement and its Role in the Protection of Refugees
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Aqeel , Shah Muzamil
Published: January 2021

The protection available to refugees under the principle of non-refoulement is a well-established rule of the customary international law; which means that they can’t be shiftedagainst their well to their country where their life is at risk. A person who avails the protection of the principle of non-refoulement and other protections guaranteed under the international refugee instruments is considered a refugee. This principle is well established both under the Refugee Convention 1951 and Convention against Torture (CAT) 1984. This research revolves around the question that if a country is not a signatory to any refugee related instrument at international level nor has any domestic law related to refugees, sothen what precludes such a nation from expelling a person or group of persons from their territory? The paper explores the various protections available to refugees in general and under the principle of non-refoulement in particular.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications of Public Health Emergency on Migration and Repatriation in Pakistan
Authors: Zeeshan Mahwish , Sultana Aneela , Anzuk Sohima
Published: January 2021

The study sheds light on the current global; situation posed by a pandemic; COVID 19 and the impact it has brought to a country like Pakistan in terms of repatriation of its migrants. The data gathered for the study were qualitative with an exploratory research design. Content analysis has been used as the primary method and tool for analysis of data that has been gathered from the latest news, updates, articles, blogs, press briefings and articles published on the pandemic and its implications on migrants across the globe and specifically Pakistan over the past six months. The study highlights the effects of these global alterations on human mobility in our local context and efforts made by the Government and its allied institutions in easing out the issues pertaining to the repatriation of returnee migrants. The findings suggest that the reintegration of returnees in the local economy and socio-cultural context will be the next challenge.
Agricultural Development under Thal Development Authority (1949-69)
Authors: Abbas Muhammad Wasim , Ahmad Imran , Leghari Muhammad Farooq Akbar
Published: January 2021

The Thal is a desert in the west of Punjab province of Pakistan having an area of five million-acre. It had been a barren piece of land for centuries. West Pakistan Government not only provided canal water to almost 2.1 million acres of the region but also developed the area from 1949 to 1969. The agricultural development of the Thal region carried out by the Thal Development Authority is a historical event in the history of Pakistan. This study is historical research and data has been collected through primary and secondary sources. This paper will highlight the agricultural development of the region in detail and its socio-economic effects on the masses as well.
Evaluation of M.Sc Physical Education Program in Public Sector Institutions; Students' Perspective
Authors: Ali Zulfiqar , Khan Asad , Hussain Farooq
Published: January 2021

The present study aimed at evaluation of M.Sc physical education program in public sector institutions in the context of teacher educators. The objectives of the study were (a) to evaluate the M.Sc Physical Education Program in public sector universities and colleges on the basis of CIPP, (b) to explore the strengths and weaknesses of M.Sc Physical Education Program in Pakistan and (c) to suggest measures for further improvement of the M.Sc Program in Pakistan. It was a survey type of descriptive research. A questionnaire for students included 43 items were used for the collection of data. Questionnaire After validating these research instruments, the reliability was ensured on the basis of data obtained from a pilot study. The quantitative data thus collected through questionnaire were tabulated, and Chi-square test was applied. The analyzed data revealed that the curriculum of health and physical education was related to previous knowledge and experiences. It was recommended that regular seminars and sports workshops might be organized to improve the research and report writing skills.
YAPAY BAĞIŞIKLIK METASEZGİSELİ İLE TEK PİSTLİ HAVAALANLARINDA İNİŞ SIRALAMASININ ENİYİLENMESİ
Authors: KAPLAN Zekeriya , ÇETEK Cem
Published: January 2021

İniş uçaklarının sıralanması problemi, tahmini operasyon zamanlarının bulunduğu bir uçak kümesi için belirli kısıtlar altında gerekli emniyet ayırmalarının sağlanarak sıralamanın yapılmasıdır. Yapay Bağışıklık Sistemi (YBS) anormallik tespiti, bilgisayar ve ağ güvenliği, çizelgeleme, eniyileme, sınıflandırma, veri madenciliği gibi birçok alanda kullanılan ve doğal bağışıklık sisteminden esinlenerek oluşturulan bir tekniktir. Bu çalışmada, tek piste iniş yapmayı planlayan uçakların sıralanması YBS algoritmalarından olan Klonal Seçim Algoritması (KSA) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Amaç fonksiyonu olarak operasyonların tamamlanma zamanının enküçüklenmesi alınmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada uçakların ilk gelen ilk hizmet alır (FCFS) prensibi ile belirlenen sıralamalarına göre sınırlı sayıda yer değiştirmelerine (CPS) izin verilmiştir. Farklı sayıda ve kategoride uçaklardan oluşan senaryolar için algoritma test edilmiştir. Algoritma ile elde edilen çözümler ve matematiksel model ile edilen çözümler kıyaslanmıştır ve çözüm süreleri de paylaşılmıştır.
PORTATİF TIG KAYNAK FİKSTÜRÜ İLE BİRLEŞTİRİLEN AISI 304L ÖSTENİTİK PASLANMAZ ÇELİKLERİN MİKROYAPI VE MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ULUPINAR Halil , KALENDER Murathan , BOZKURT Yahya
Published: January 2021

TIG kaynak yöntemi genellikle paslanmaz çelik ve alüminyum alaşımlarının kaynağında kullanılmaktadır. Düşük ısı girdisi sebebiyle ince sacların kaynağında tercih edilmektedir. TIG torcunun kaynak yapılacak yüzeyden sapmaması, kaynak yapılacak numunelerin stabil olması ve ark kararlılığı kaynak kalitesi için önemli etkenlerdir. Bu nedenle fikstür kullanımı TIG kaynak çalışmaları için önemli bir ekipmandır.

Bu çalışmada, çok değişkenli portatif ve sabit bir fikstür tasarlanmıştır. Birleştirilecek numunelerin sabitlenmesi, titreşim problemini en aza indirgeme ve ısı girdisi bazlı problemler için çözüm önerisi bulunmaktadır. Önerilen fikstür en az iki eksenli makineler için uyarlanabilir bir tasarıma sahiptir. Farklı uzunluk ve genişlikteki levha ve kesitler bu teknik ile distorsiyona maruz kalmadan kolayca birleştirilebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte yöntemde ısı girdisini azaltmak için bakır altlık ve alüminyum soğutucu profil kullanılmıştır. Tasarımı yapılan fikstür ile yarı-otomatik şekilde kaynak işlemi yapılan 304L östenitik paslanmaz çelikler, manuel kaynaklı paslanmaz çelikler ile kıyaslanmış ve sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.