bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aprendizaje colaborativo internacional en línea (COIL) en la formación inicial del profesorado en didáctica de las ciencias sociales.
Authors: San Martín Zapatero Alberto , Di Giusto Valle Cristina , Mendoza León Olga
Published: August 2022

Given the educational need to create training environments where skills in digital technology and social interaction are developed, this study analyzes the influence of Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) on future teachers. The study focuses on the collective construction of knowledge about the teaching of social sciences. The sample corresponds to students of the Degrees of Primary Education of the National University of Trujillo (Peru) and the University of Burgos (Spain). The context of application is a didactic, synchronous and asynchronous collaborative project between both groups, entitled Retos que nos unen, and developed between the months of September and October 2021. A quantitative research method is applied, through a longitudinal design structured in phases, with measurement before and after treatment (pre-test and pos-test).  The results inform that the greatest degree of knowledge acquisition occurs in the collaboration phase of intercultural groups, demonstrating the need to develop collaborative and critical cultures mediated by technology to reverse traditional curricular approaches.

Ante la necesidad educativa de crear entornos de formación donde se desarrollen competencias en tecnología digital e interacción social, el presente estudio analiza la influencia del aprendizaje colaborativo internacional en línea (COIL) en futuro profesorado. El estudio se centra en la construcción colectiva de conocimiento sobre la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales. La muestra (n= 68) corresponde a alumnado de los Grados de Educación Primaria de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo (Perú) y de la Universidad de Burgos (España). El contexto de aplicación es un proyecto colaborativo didáctico, síncrono y asíncrono entre ambos grupos, titulado Retos que nos unen, y desarrollado entre los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2021. Se aplica un método de investigación cuantitativo, a través de un diseño longitudinal estructurado en fases, con medición antes y después del tratamiento (pre-test y pos-test). Los resultados informan, que el mayor grado de adquisición de conocimientos se produce en la fase de colaboración de los grupos interculturales, lo que demuestra la necesidad de desarrollar culturas colaborativas y críticas mediadas por la tecnología para revertir enfoques curriculares tradicionales.
Transformation of the theater: ancient and New European theater, director's theater of the XX century, theater of "social changes"
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: August 2022

The author connects the analysis of the formation of the ancient theater with the formation of art in ancient Greece, theatrical communication (including the positions of the author, artist and viewer), theater as a special space, awareness of the art and nature of ancient Greek drama in the "Poetics" of Aristotle. In the culture of modern times, the ancient canon of the theater is being established anew, since ancient Greek works are being reinterpreted from the point of view of the relationship to the medieval heritage and the social reality of the emerging new time. The new socio-cultural situation has predetermined three important consequences for the theater: firstly, the content of the stories written by playwrights is radically changing, secondly, the audience is changing, and thirdly, the rapid growth of theaters in emerging national states begins. These innovations are illustrated by the example of the French theater of the times of Louis XIV and Racine. In the second half of the XIX, the beginning of the XX century, the director's theater was formed. The director considers the artist as one of the "expressive means" along with others (music, scenery, theatrical clothing, symbols, etc.). The author suggests that the director's theater was influenced by the reflection of music. In the director's theater, the artist does not disappear, as Kugel claims, but on the contrary, he creates a tense field of meanings, communication and actions; while the artist on stage retains the original, coming from archaic times and religion, communication between the audience and the creators of works of art. The problems that arise in the director's theater are discussed on the example of the theatrical production "Eugene Onegin", which was carried out by Rimas Tuminas. In conclusion, the documentary theater and the theater of complicity are discussed. In both cases, the theater remains a theater: the performance is maintained by the actors' play, a second, full-fledged world of artistic reality is created, although the audience takes part in the constitution of what is happening, they, nevertheless, remain spectators at the same time, observing and experiencing events arising with their participation.
Binomial sums with k-Jacobsthal and k-Jacobsthal–Lucas numbers
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, V. P. College Vaijapur, Godase A. D.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we derive some important identities involving k-Jacobsthal and k-Jacobsthal–Lucas numbers. Moreover, we use multinomial theorem to obtain distinct binomial sums of k-Jacobsthal and k-Jacobsthal–Lucas numbers.
A computational account of why more valuable goals seem to require more effortful actions
Authors: Bioud Emmanuelle , Tasu Corentin , Pessiglione Mathias
Published: August 2022

To decide whether a course of action is worth pursuing, individuals typically weigh its expected costs and benefits. Optimal decision-making relies upon accurate effort cost anticipation, which is generally assumed to be performed independently from goal valuation. In two experiments (n = 46), we challenged this independence principle of standard decision theory. We presented participants with a series of treadmill routes randomly associated to monetary rewards and collected both ‘accept’ versus ‘decline’ decisions and subjective estimates of energetic cost. Behavioural results show that higher monetary prospects led participants to provide higher cost estimates, although reward was independent from effort in our design. Among candidate cognitive explanations, they support a model in which prospective cost assessment is biased by the output of an automatic computation adjusting effort expenditure to goal value. This decision bias might lead people to abandon the pursuit of valuable goals that are in fact not so costly to achieve.
Structural motifs for subtype-specific pH-sensitive gating of vertebrate otopetrin proton channels
Authors: Teng Bochuan , Kaplan Joshua P , Liang Ziyu , Krieger Zachary , Tu Yu-Hsiang , Burendei Batuujin , Ward Andrew B , Liman Emily R
Published: August 2022

Otopetrin (OTOP) channels are proton-selective ion channels conserved among vertebrates and invertebrates, with no structural similarity to other ion channels. There are three vertebrate OTOP channels (OTOP1, OTOP2, and OTOP3), of which one (OTOP1) functions as a sour taste receptor. Whether extracellular protons gate OTOP channels, in addition to permeating them, was not known. Here, we compare the functional properties of the three murine OTOP channels using patch-clamp recording and cytosolic pH microfluorimetry. We find that OTOP1 and OTOP3 are both steeply activated by extracellular protons, with thresholds of pHo <6.0 and 5.5, respectively, and kinetics that are pH-dependent. In contrast, OTOP2 channels are broadly active over a large pH range (pH 5 pH 10) and carry outward currents in response to extracellular alkalinization (>pH 9.0). Strikingly, we could change the pH-sensitive gating of OTOP2 and OTOP3 channels by swapping extracellular linkers that connect transmembrane domains. Swaps of extracellular linkers in the N domain, comprising transmembrane domains 1–6, tended to change the relative conductance at alkaline pH of chimeric channels, while swaps within the C domain, containing transmembrane domains 7–12, tended to change the rates of OTOP3 current activation. We conclude that members of the OTOP channel family are proton-gated (acid-sensitive) proton channels and that the gating apparatus is distributed across multiple extracellular regions within both the N and C domains of the channels. In addition to the taste system, OTOP channels are expressed in the vertebrate vestibular and digestive systems. The distinct gating properties we describe may allow them to subserve varying cell-type specific functions in these and other biological systems.
Genomic evidence for global ocean plankton biogeography shaped by large-scale current systems
Authors: Richter Daniel J , Watteaux Romain , Vannier Thomas , Leconte Jade , Frémont Paul , Reygondeau Gabriel , Maillet Nicolas , Henry Nicolas , Benoit Gaëtan , Da Silva Ophélie , Delmont Tom O , Fernàndez-Guerra Antonio , Suweis Samir , Narci Romain , Berney Cédric , Eveillard Damien , Gavory Frederick , Guidi Lionel , Labadie Karine , Mahieu Eric , Poulain Julie , Romac Sarah , Roux Simon , Dimier Céline , Kandels Stefanie , Picheral Marc , Searson Sarah ,   Tara Oceans Coordinators, Pesant Stéphane , Aury Jean-Marc , Brum Jennifer R , Lemaitre Claire , Pelletier Eric , Bork Peer , Sunagawa Shinichi , Lombard Fabien , Karp-Boss Lee , Bowler Chris , Sullivan Matthew B , Karsenti Eric , Mariadassou Mahendra , Probert Ian , Peterlongo Pierre , Wincker Patrick , de Vargas Colomban , Ribera d'Alcalà Maurizio , Iudicone Daniele , Jaillon Olivier
Published: August 2022

Biogeographical studies have traditionally focused on readily visible organisms, but recent technological advances are enabling analyses of the large-scale distribution of microscopic organisms, whose biogeographical patterns have long been debated. Here we assessed the global structure of plankton geography and its relation to the biological, chemical, and physical context of the ocean (the ‘seascape’) by analyzing metagenomes of plankton communities sampled across oceans during the Tara Oceans expedition, in light of environmental data and ocean current transport. Using a consistent approach across organismal sizes that provides unprecedented resolution to measure changes in genomic composition between communities, we report a pan-ocean, size-dependent plankton biogeography overlying regional heterogeneity. We found robust evidence for a basin-scale impact of transport by ocean currents on plankton biogeography, and on a characteristic timescale of community dynamics going beyond simple seasonality or life history transitions of plankton.
O VIVER E O VÍRUS
Authors: Moreira Luciene Corrêa de Miranda , Costa Fernanda Burack da
Published: August 2022

Em uma perspectiva autobiográfica e interseccional, o presente trabalho versa sobre o prisma em que dois sujeitos vivenciaram os fenômenos pandêmicos. Trata-se de transpor para as palavras os sentimentos e as sensações experenciados. Uma tentativa de elaboração conjunta do atravessamento do real da morte que a pandemia de Covid19 impôs a tod@s nós. Empenhando-se em superar a cristalização sintomática através da arte e do trabalho como vias sublimatórias. Um esforço de sinalizar, através da linguagem, o que estaria para além do desamparo, do medo e da angústia. Palavras-chave: Psicologia; Covid-19; Gênero; Filosofia; Arte.
PRECARIZAÇÃO E SUBJETIVIDADE DAS TRABALHADORAS DOMÉSTICAS NO CONTEXTO DA COVID-19 EM MANAUS
Authors: Gomes-Souza Ronaldo , De Lima Sousa Vieira Roberta , Joan Santana de Souza Ariel
Published: August 2022

A pandemia da COVID-19 trouxe repercussões importantes para os trabalhadores que são historicamente submetidos a trabalhos precários e tem seus direitos trabalhistas negados, como as trabalhadoras domésticas remuneradas. Deste modo, o objetivo deste artigo foi investigar os cenários de sofrimento, saúde, subjetivação e política do trabalho doméstico remunerado realizado por profissionais do gênero feminino, no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19, na cidade de Manaus. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com seis mulheres trabalhadoras domésticas, que residem e atuam na capital amazonense. Abordou-se os aspectos psicossociais e econômicos que impactaram diretamente na vida das entrevistadas. Nota-se nos relatos um processo histórico e social de precarização das relações, condições e direitos trabalhistas. Além disso, a pandemia evidenciou e enfatizou questões de gênero e raça, que ganharam uma dimensão de complexidade e intensidade ainda maior.Palavras-chave: Trabalhadoras Domésticas Remuneradas. COVID-19 em Manaus. Precarização. Subjetividade. Direitos Violados.
A BRANQUITUDE E SEUS PRIVILEGIOS NO BRASIL: UMA REFLEXÃO NECESSÁRIA NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO QUE VIVEMOS
Authors: FERREIRA CLAUDIA SUELY BARRETO , Linhares Tatiane Pina Santos
Published: August 2022

A branquitude e seus privilégios está correlacionada a relações Inter-raciais, gênero e posição social. Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir de que forma estes privilégios influenciam no aprofundamento das desigualdades de gênero, classe e raça, sobretudo no contexto de emergência de saúde, ocasionada pela pandemia em curso. O argumento central para esta reflexão surge a partir de uma entrevista realizada no âmbito de outras 30 entrevistas, feitas com mulheres trabalhadoras rurais do Movimento de Mulheres Trabalhadoras Rurais do Nordeste. As entrevistas foram realizadas através do aplicativo GOOGLE MEET, respeitando o distanciamento social necessário, devido a emergência em saúde pública ocasionada pela pandemia provocada pelo Sars-Cov-2. Enfatiza-se a importância de se estudar a branquitude, através de uma concepção crítica buscando a emancipação e desconstrução das relações raciais, de modo que o combate ao preconceito e discriminações seja centrais.
ESCREVIVÊNCIAS DE UMA PROFESSORINHA: VIDA PESSOAL E PROFISSIONAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA
Authors: Miranda Amanaiara Conceição de Santana
Published: August 2022

O artigo é um relato da minha experiência como mulher, negra e professora da educação infantil durante a pandemia em relação às questões étnico-raciais e de gênero. O trabalho pedagógico durante a pandemia da Covid-19 teve/tem muitas limitações no fazer docente para mediar aprendizagens/desaprendizagens com crianças da educação infantil na rede pública municipal. Isso porque, para fazer uma educação antirracista, antissexista, dentre outros assuntos que tenham a ver com a convivência e com as diferenças, requisita-se o trabalho com conteúdos procedimentais e atitudinais. No texto, também apresento como a pandemia interferiu na minha vida pessoal-profissional e como foi possível seguir a vida sem sucumbir exclusivamente às tristezas produzidas durante a pandemia.
“TÁ ESTRESSANTE DEMAIS”
Authors: Casagrande Lindamir , Vega Incerti Tânia Gracieli , Bueno de Freitas Lucas
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a percepção de mulheres mães sobre as mudanças ocorridas em sua rotina no período de pandemia do Coronavírus. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de um questionário online composto por perguntas objetivas e descritivas disponibilizado nas redes sociais respondido por 174 mulheres, destas, 160 mães. Os resultados apontam para o aumento da carga de trabalho doméstico, o abandono do trabalho remunerado em prol do dia-a-dia familiar e sentimento de culpa, por avaliar não conseguir realizar todas as atividades como deveria, principalmente perante a necessidade de acompanhar os/as filhos/as em aulas a distância.
Duration of Symptoms and Association With Positive Home Rapid Antigen Test Results After Infection With SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cosimi Lisa A. , Kelly Christina , Esposito Samantha , Seitz Scott , Turcinovic Jacquelyn , Connor John H. , Hung Deborah
Published: August 2022

This cohort study assesses the duration of symptoms and association with positive rapid antigen test results after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The activin receptor ligand trap ActRIIB:ALK4‐Fc ameliorates cardiomyopathy induced by neuromuscular disease and diabetes
Authors: Li Jia , Fredericks Maureen , Tang Mingxin , Cannell Marishka , Joshi Sachindra , Kumar Ravindra , Andre Patrick , Suragani Rajasekhar N. V. S.
Published: August 2022

Cardiomyopathies are ascribed to a variety of etiologies, present with diverse clinical phenotypes, and lack disease‐modifying treatments. Mounting evidence implicates dysregulated activin receptor signaling in heart disease and highlights inhibition of this pathway as a potential therapeutic target. Here, we explored the effects of activin ligand inhibition using ActRIIB:ALK4‐Fc, a heterodimeric receptor fusion protein, in two mechanistically distinct murine models of cardiomyopathy. Treatment with ActRIIB:ALK4‐Fc significantly improved systolic or diastolic function in cardiomyopathy induced by neuromuscular disease or diabetes mellitus. Moreover, ActRIIB:ALK4‐Fc corrected Ca2+ handling protein expression in diseased heart tissues, suggesting that activin signaling inhibition could alleviate cardiomyopathies in part by rebalancing aberrant intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis–a common underlying pathomechanism in diverse heart diseases.
Long‐Term Outcomes and Prognosis Factors in Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies Based on Myositis‐Specific Autoantibodies: A Single Cohort Study
Authors: Jiang Wei , Shi Jingli , Yang Hongxia , Tian Xiaolan , Yang Hanbo , Chen Qingning , Zhang Lining , Peng Qinglin , Wang Guochun , Lu Xin
Published: August 2022

Objective

This study was undertaken to investigate the long‐term survival rates and prognostic factors in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) based on myositis‐specific antibody (MSA) stratification.

Methods

Exactly 628 patients with an IIM were included. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves, univariate, and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the outcomes and risk factors.

Results

The cumulative 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year survival rates for IIM patients overall were 91.4%, 82.8%, and 75.6%, respectively. The survival rate in the MSA subset was significantly different (P < 0.001). The 1‐ and 10‐year survival rates in the anti–melanoma differentiation–associated protein 5 (anti–MDA‐5)–positive subgroup were 79.5% and 58.5%, respectively, which were the lowest among all subgroups. The 10‐year survival rate of anti–signal recognition particle (anti‐SRP)–positive patients was the highest (96.4%). Independent risk factors that impacted the long‐term prognosis for IIM patients included rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP‐ILD), malignancy, and elevated serum ferritin levels (hazard ratio [HR] 17.47, 20.36, and 9.15, respectively, P < 0.01), whereas disease duration was a protective factor (HR 0.27, P = 0.003). Among these subsets, the strongest independent risk factor for death in the anti–MDA‐5–positive subgroup was RP‐ILD (HR 3.4, P = 0.017). Malignancy was an independent risk factor in the anti–aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase antibody–positive, anti–transcription intermediary factor 1γ–positive, and MSA‐negative subgroups (HR 46.69, 6.65, and 4.48, respectively; P < 0.001). RP‐ILD was also a risk factor in the prognosis of individuals in the MSA‐negative subgroup (HR 72.28, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Despite favorable overall survival in patients with IIM, the anti–MDA‐5–positive subgroup had the highest mortality rate among all MSA subgroups, highlighting the distinctive prognosis for patients with different MSAs. RP‐ILD and malignancy are the most common causes of death in IIM patients.
High‐Q Circular Dichroism Resonances in Plasmonic Lattices with Chiral Unit Cells
Authors: Hou Yidong , Qiu Meng , Cao Zhaolong , Zhou Jie , Ong Hock Chun , Jin Wei , Du Jinglei , Lei Dangyuan
Published: August 2022

Plasmonic chiral nanostructures have attracted a great deal of attention in chirality‐based biosensing, enantioselective separation, and recently photonic orbital angular momentum‐based quantum information processing. However, the intrinsic Ohmic losses of metals and significant radiative scattering of plasmonically resonant nanostructures result in small quality factors and hence weak optical chirality (such as circular dichroism, CD). Here, it is reported that propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs)—an achiral electromagnetic surface wave—can significantly enhance the Q‐factors of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) related CD in plasmonic lattices with chiral unit cells. It is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that mode interaction between the highly dispersive achiral SPPs and the nondispersive chiral LSPR results in the formation of hybrid chiral SPPs, enabling efficient tuning of the resultant transmission CD dispersion and signal intensity. A maximum CD signal of 0.8 is experimentally observed with a Q‐factor of 45 in the visible spectral region, showing good agreement with theoretical calculations. This study provides an effective yet facile approach for engineering both the strength and dispersion of optical chirality, paving the way for realizing large‐scale, low‐cost, and high‐performing chiral plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces for a variety of sensing, imaging, and information manipulation.
All‐Small‐Molecule Dynamic Covalent Hydrogels with Heat‐Triggered Release Behavior for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections
Authors: Cheng Xuejing , Li Lin , Yang Lei , Huang Quan , Li Yiwen , Cheng Yiyun
Published: August 2022

All‐small‐molecule smart hydrogels fabricated by naturally occurring and commercially available small molecular building blocks have attracted increasing interest due to their unique features such as biofunction integration and multi‐stimuli responsiveness. While a few examples have been well‐explored, the further development of additional kinds of all‐small‐molecule smart hydrogels is severely hindered by the lack of enough commensurate building blocks from nature and market. Therefore, it is crucial to seek new strategies to expand the scope of all‐small‐molecule dynamic covalent hydrogels using well‐established natural and commercial chemicals. Herein, this issue is addressed by introducing a bifunctional adapter bearing an aldehyde group and a boronic acid group to construct a novel all‐small‐molecule smart hydrogel through the dynamical covalent cross‐linking with naturally occurring building blocks (e.g., tobramycin and tannic acid). The prepared hydrogel presents several promising features including tunable mechanical property, multi‐stimuli responsiveness, controlled drug release profiles, and excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial performances. This study provides a new strategy to efficiently expand the scope of the all‐small‐molecule smart hydrogels via the integration of the naturally occurring building blocks and the bifunctional adapters.
Liquid Crystal‐Based Detection of Antigens with ELISA Sensitivity
Authors: Perera Kelum , Dassanayake Thiloka M. , Jeewanthi Mahesha , Haputhanthrige Nilanthi P. , Huang Songping D. , Kooijman Edgar , Mann Elizabeth , Jákli Antal
Published: August 2022

A highly sensitive label‐free liquid crystal (LC)‐based technique is presented for detecting Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antigens used to uncover viral infections. The effectiveness, sensitivity, and selectivity of this detection method is demonstrated with goat IgG antigen at concentrations as low as 100 pg ml−1, which is comparable to the sensitivity of the current enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensor is fabricated by decorating a transmission electron microscopy grid immobilized glass surfaces with antibodies; the target antigen is detected by a liquid crystal suspended onto the grid. This is different from previous methods where the antigen is detected either at the LC‐aqueous interface or in an LC sandwich cell with an antibody/antigen‐decorated substrate. This new approach has advantages such as easy sample preparation, higher sensitivity, and better storage capabilities. Binding the target antigen to the antibody results in a reorientation of the LC director that is detected optically. In addition to demonstrating the sensitivity, the physical principle of the detection is also discussed. This technique may apply to detect virtually any antigen of interest.
Biodegradable Phosphocholine Cross‐Linker With Ion‐Pair Design for Tough Zwitterionic Hydrogel
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Nam , Ngo Thi Lan Huong , Iwasaki Yasuhiko , Huang Chun‐Jen
Published: August 2022

Hydrogels have been widely used in various biomedical applications based on their ability to provide 3D frames with tissue‐like elasticity and high water content. However, the role of the cross‐linking agents in the hydrogels was undervalued in terms of biocompatibility, mechanical properties, degradability, and hydration of gels. In this study, an innovative zwitterionic dimethacrylate 2‐[2‐{2‐(Methacryloyloxy)ethyldimethylammonium}ethyl‐phosphate]ethyl disulfide (MPCSS) for the development of biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogels with entirely bio‐inspired PC structure is reported. The MPCSS cross‐linker includes the zwitterionic group providing nonfouling properties and a disulfide bond that can be degraded by reducing agents and enzymes. Moreover, MPCSS has an opposite arrangement of charged groups to that in the 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) monomer. The hydrogels developed from MPCSS and MPC allow the stronger mechanical properties upon electrostatic interaction between the oppositely charged groups and the higher water content than the MPC gels with the conventional cross‐linker. The biocompatibility and fouling characteristics of MPC/MPCSS hydrogels are systematically investigated. Moreover, the degradation of MPCSS cross‐linked hydrogels is evaluated through their weight loss and rheological data. Ultimately, MPC/MPCSS hydrogel is demonstrated to in situ encapsulate NIH‐3T3 fibroblasts and provide an excellent 3D environment, facilitating cell remodeling and growth as a tissue scaffold.
Nanosheet‐Based Uneven Thin Film Exhibiting Angle‐Independent Structural Color and Its Application to Detection of Biogenic Amines
Authors: Haraguchi Yuri , Imai Hiroaki , Oaki Yuya
Published: August 2022

Anisotropic ultrathin 2D materials are used as building blocks to obtain higher‐order structures. Tailoring the size, surface chemistry, and assembly state of exfoliated nanosheets is required for the design of functional materials. However, these factors are not easily controlled during the down‐sizing exfoliation process, which is a general route for obtaining 2D materials. In the present work, polydispersed nanosheets of a transition metal oxide are prepared based on prediction model for the size distribution constructed by a combination of machine learning and chemical perspective on small data. Self‐assembly of the exfoliated nanosheets results in the uneven thin films exhibiting an angle‐independent structural color. As the nanosheets vary in thickness and lateral size, their assembled thin films exhibit structural color independent of the incident angle. The structural color is changed by casting only 20 µL of an aqueous solution containing biogenic amines such as histamine within a sensing time of 5 min. The biogenic amines are intercalated into the interlayer space of the stacked nanosheets and the resulting increase in the thickness changes the color of the thin‐film device. The new design strategies can be applied to constructing other thin‐film sensing devices based on nanosheets.
Co‐Localized Characterization of Aged and Transferred CVD Graphene with Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Hou Yuting , Stehle Richard C. , Qing Fangzhu , Li Xuesong
Published: August 2022

Characterization plays an important role in graphene development for its effective synthesis and resultant application. In regards to characterization, microscopy shows the morphology of materials and spectroscopy provides information regarding bonding and crystal structure. Here, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are combined to co‐localize and characterize aged and transferred graphene synthesized by the Cu‐based chemical vapor deposition method. The combined investigation reveals the correlation between morphology and structure along with highlighting unique features that result from aging and transfer. The aged graphene on Cu may show the features of graphene adlayers under scanning electron microscopy, which in fact is due to the oxidation of Cu. The D band of the Raman spectrum is sometimes related to wrinkles, including the small ones that can only be detected by atomic force microscopy or standard optical microscopy. In addition to the thermally induced wrinkles, transfer may or may not induce ripples due to the replication of substrate surface morphology by the carrier film, which in turn is dependent upon the heights of the Cu steps. All these findings are of great significance to correctly understand the characterization results and promote the development of high‐quality graphene film preparation technology.
Ir‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐Alkynyl Diaryl Sulfides for the Selective Synthesis of Sulfur‐Containing Polycyclic Compounds
Authors: Shibata Takanori , Iwaki Takahiro , Ito Mamoru
Published: August 2022

We describe an Ir‐catalyzed intramolecular reaction of 2‐alkynyl diaryl sulfides, which gives 9‐arylidene‐9H‐thioxanthene derivatives via 6‐exo‐dig cyclization. When 2‐alkynylphenyl naphthyl sulfides are used, divergent synthesis of triaryl‐fused thiepines and diaryl‐substituted benzothiophenes can be achieved by simply choosing the reaction temperature.

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A Highly Sensitive Triboelectric Vibration Sensor for Machinery Condition Monitoring
Authors: Zhao Hongfa , Shu Mingrui , Ai Zihao , Lou Zirui , Sou Kit Wa , Lu Chengyue , Jin Yuchao , Wang Zihan , Wang Jiyu , Wu Changsheng , Cao Yidan , Xu Xiaomin , Ding Wenbo
Published: August 2022

Vibration sensors are involved extensively in a variety of applications. Especially in the era of the Internet of Things, developing self‐powered vibration sensors has become a very meaningful yet challenging problem. This study investigates a highly sensitive self‐powered vibration sensor based on the triboelectric nanogenerator (VS‐TENG) for machinery condition monitoring. By introducing a stacked structure comprising foamed aluminum, and a fluorinated ethylene propylene film with gold‐plated electrode protected by two indium tin oxid layers, The VS‐TENG can detect the vibrations with frequencies ranging from 1 to 2000 Hz and can detect vibrations of low amplitude (approximately sub‐µm, by calculation). The output performance and characteristics of the TENG under various vibration frequencies, accelerations, and amplitudes are analyzed systematically. The VS‐TENG is successfully used to monitor the operating conditions of mechanical gear systems, reaching a recognition accuracy of 99.78%. Furthermore, it can also be utilized for vibration detection in other areas such as the air compressor, heat gun, hollow tile recognition, etc., which means a solid progress toward the practical applications of TENGs in self‐powered vibration detection.
Advances in High Sulfur Loading Cathodes for Practical Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Mingyue , Bai Zhongchao , Yang Ting , Nie Chuanhao , Xu Xun , Wang Yunxiao , Yang Jian , Dou Shixue , Wang Nana
Published: August 2022

Lithium‐sulfur batteries hold great potential for next‐generation energy storage systems, due to their high theoretical energy density and the natural abundance of sulfur. Although much progress has been achieved recently, the low actual energy density of LiS batteries is still the key challenge in implementing their practical applications. Because the energy density greatly depends on the areal capacity of their sulfur cathodes, the sulfur content and sulfur loading play an important role in meeting the conditions necessary for practical applications. Therefore, escalating the areal capacity of sulfur cathodes is essential to promote LiS technology from laboratory‐scale devices to industrial (or commercial) systems. In this review, the recent progress in high sulfur loading of LiS batteries (>4 mg cm−2) is highlighted from various aspects, including sulfur hosts, binders, separators, and interlayers. In particular, sulfur hosts derived from carbon, polymer, transition metal oxide/ sulfide, metal‐organic framework, and other novel materials, which can promote high sulfur loading, are discussed in detail. Moreover, unique free‐standing structures and configurational innovation of separators and interlayers are overviewed. Based on the current achievements, future efforts for developing high‐loading LiS batteries are proposed to pave the way for their commercial applications.
The effect of social security benefits on food insecurity at the early entitlement age
Authors: Singleton Perry
Published: August 2022

This study examines the effect of Social Security benefits on food security at the early entitlement age (EEA). The data come from the supplements of the Current Population Survey, years 2001 to 2017. The results show that Social Security benefits decreased food insecurity near the EEA, particularly during and after the Great Recession. Specifically, the rate of very low food secure decreased discontinuously at the EEA by approximately 0.94 percentage points, a 6.6% drop from a rate of 15.1% at age 61. The results are especially large and robust for widowed householders.
Investigating the price effects of honey quality attributes in a European country: Evidence from a hedonic price approach
Authors: Ballco Petjon , Jaafer Fatma , de Magistris Tiziana
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the price effects of honey quality attributes in Spain. Price and product characteristics are collected from 264 honey labels found on the shelves of the main representative retail stores available in the national territory. The marginal effects and the implicit prices of honey characteristics are assessed through a hedonic price approach. Results show that the prices of honey are affected by leader brands sold in gourmet stores and hypermarkets in glass packages compared to producer brands sold in discounts stores and supermarkets in plastic packages. The organic production and the protected designation of origin quality labels generate positive marginal effects on the prices of honey, as well. Regarding the origin of honey, the highest relative and absolute consumer price premiums are received for honey coming from the European Union and Spain compared with blend honey coming from EU and non‐EU countries. Consumer implicit prices are also influenced by mono‐floral and gourmet honey with additional properties (e.g., ginseng) compared with the multifloral varieties. These findings are a useful source for a better understanding of the evolution of honey in the Spanish market. Spanish beekeepers who can differentiate their honey, may use these results as an orientation for their business strategies.
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis caused by a pathogenic missense variant in CLDN1
Authors: Mohamad Janan , Samuelov Liat , Assaf Sari , Malki Liron , Malovitski Kiril , Meijers Odile , Adir Noam , Granot Ester , Pavlovsky Mor , Sarig Ofer , Sprecher Eli
Published: August 2022

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) refers to a large and genetically heterogenous group of non‐syndromic disorders of cornification featuring diffuse scaling. Ichthyosis, leukocyte vacuoles, alopecia, and sclerosing cholangitis (ILVASC) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive syndromic form of ichthyosis. The disease usually results from premature termination codon‐causing pathogenic variants in CLDN1 encoding CLAUDIN‐1 (CLDN1). We used whole exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing, 3D protein modeling, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy to delineate the genetic basis of ichthyosis in two siblings with ichthyosis but no other ectodermal abnormalities. One of the two siblings underwent liver transplantation in early childhood due to biliary atresia. Both patients were found to carry a homozygous missense pathogenic variant, c.242G>A (p.Arg81His), in CLDN1. The variant resulted in decreased CLDN1 expression in patient skin. 3D protein modeling predicted that p.Arg81His induces deleterious conformational changes. Accordingly, HaCaT cells transfected with a construct expressing the mutant CLDN1 cDNA featured decreased levels and mislocation of CLDN1 as compared with cells expressing the wildtype cDNA. In conclusion, we describe the first pathogenic missense variant in CLDN1 shown to result in ARCI.
Cognitive resilience depends on white matter connectivity: The Maastricht Study
Authors: DeJong Nathan R. , Jansen Jacobus F.A. , van Boxtel Martin P.J. , Schram Miranda T. , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , Dagnelie Pieter C. , van der Kallen Carla J.H. , Kroon Abraham A. , Wesselius Anke , Koster Annemarie , Backes Walter H. , Köhler Sebastian
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Differences in brain network connectivity may reflect the capability of the neurological substrate to compensate for brain damage and preserve cognitive function (cognitive reserve). We examined the associations between white matter connectivity, brain damage markers, and cognition in a population sample of middle‐aged individuals.

Methods

A total of 4759 participants from The Maastricht Study (mean age = 59.2, SD = 8.7, 50.2% male) underwent cognitive testing and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), from which brain volume, structural connectivity, and vascular damage were quantified. Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate whether connectivity modified the association between brain damage and cognition, adjusted for demographic and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Results

More atrophic and vascular brain damage was associated with worse cognition scores. Increasing connectivity moderated the negative association between damage and cognition (χ2 = 8.64, df = 3, p ≤ 0.001); individuals with high damage but strong connectivity showed normal cognition.

Discussion

Findings support the reserve hypothesis by showing that brain connectivity is associated with cognitive resilience.
Energy and Matter Supply for Active Droplets
Authors: Bauermann Jonathan , Weber Christoph A. , Jülicher Frank
Published: August 2022

Chemically active droplets provide simple models for cell‐like systems that can grow and divide. Such active droplet systems are driven away from thermodynamic equilibrium and turn over chemically, which corresponds to a simple metabolism. Two scenarios of nonequilibrium driving are considered. First, droplets are driven via the system boundaries by external reservoirs that supply nutrient and remove waste (boundary‐driven). Second, droplets are driven by a chemical energy provided by a fuel in the bulk (bulk‐driven). For both scenarios, the conservation of energy and matter as well as the balance of entropy are discussed. Conserved and nonconserved fields are used to analyse the nonequilibrium steady states of active droplets. Using an effective droplet model, droplet stability and instabilities leading to droplet division are explored. This work reveals that droplet division occurs quite generally in active droplet systems. The results suggest that life‐like processes such as metabolism and division can emerge in simple nonequilibrium systems that combine the physics of phase separation and chemical reactions.
Controllable Peculiar Spin‐Dependent Transverse and In‐Plane Shifts of Airy Beam
Authors: Ding Yiping , Zhou Xiang , Zhang Jing , Zhang Yong , Yang Xiangbo , Deng Dongmei
Published: August 2022

Generally, most of the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE) are investigated based on the Gaussian beam, and the research of the photonic SHE in novel beams with non‐Gaussian distribution is relatively rare. The Airy beam is one of the novel beams whose initial field distribution is asymmetric and tunable. Thus, it is necessary to explore the photonic SHE in the Airy beam. Here analytical solutions for the transverse and in‐plane shifts of the Airy beam are derived, and the peculiar photonic SHE of the Airy beam is systematically researched. The theoretical research results show that the transverse shifts of the left‐ and right‐handed circularly polarized beams are asymmetric, and the in‐plane shifts of the left‐ and right‐handed circularly beams are identical. More importantly, the variation rules of the transverse and in‐plane shifts with the incident centroid position are obtained, and the incident centroid position is regulated by the decay factor of the Airy beam. That is, the spin‐dependent transverse and in‐plane shift can be manipulated flexibly and purposefully by adjusting the beam parameter. It is believed these findings will provide more ideas for exploring the application of the photonic SHE based on novel beams.
Towards Hexagonal Planar Nickel: A Dispersion‐Stabilised Tri‐Lithium Nickelate
Authors: Borys Andryj M. , Malaspina Lorraine A. , Grabowsky Simon , Hevia Eva
Published: August 2022

Advancing the understanding of lithum nickelate complexes, here we report a family of homoleptic organonickelate complexes obtained by reacting Ni(COD)2and lithium aryl‐acetylides in the presence of the bidentate donor TMEDA. These compounds represent rare examples of low‐valent transition‐metals supported solely by organolithium ligands. Whilst the solid‐state structures indicate a hexagonal planar geometry around Ni0with Ni−Li bonds, bonding analysis via QTAIM, NCI, NBO and ELI methods reveals that the Ni−Li interactions are repulsive in nature, characterising these complexes as tri‐coordinated. London dispersion forces between TMEDA and the organic substituents on nickel are found to play a crucial role in the stabilisation and thus isolation of these complexes. Preliminary reactivity studies demonstrate that the homoleptic lithium nickelates undergo stoichiometric cross‐coupling with PhI to give dinickel clusters containing both anionic acetylide and neutral alkyne ligands.
Facing Death: Family Therapy Narratives and Intergenerational Echoes
Authors: Tisher Miriam , Nichterlein Maria
Published: August 2022

This paper reflects on the nuanced way in which the therapeutic dialogue establishes a safe space for families to address and give meaning to mortality and the different ways in which they hear, understand, and communicate about impending death. Intergenerational patterns of families responding to and navigating a terminal diagnosis are also considered. Language, the therapist’s own narrative and experience, familial and intergenerational experiences as well as meanings of life‐threatening illness are explored. The concept of impending death as haunting is introduced and explored. Adding this ‘existential’ haunting into the formula allows us to consider that impending death offers as an opportunity to ‘unblock’ communication between and within families and at the same time to identify ‘blocked’ communication patterns, thus providing a deeper understanding through an elucidation of rifts between family members and/or developing unexpected possibilities for movement and reconciliation.
Facile analysis of rice bran oil to compare free unsaturated fatty acid compositions of parental and hybrid rice lines
Authors: Fox McKinley , Newcomb Kaleb , Oliveira Cassia , Shakiba Ehsan , Nawarathne Irosha N.
Published: August 2022

Rice bran oil (RBO) has been a popular choice of cooking oil in several Asian countries for decades, and the interest in RBO is fast growing in Western countries due to the high levels of hearty unsaturated fats and other components beneficial to health. Further knowledge of unsaturated fatty acid content and composition in rice lines will assist in improving the quality of rice bran processing by allowing robust extraction of rice bran for oil production. The studies focused on the RBO composition of rice lines with beneficial genotypes are scarce. Accordingly, we investigated the total bran lipid content and composition of three of the most abundant, healthy, unsaturated fatty acids that freely exist in RBO: oleic, linoleic, and α‐linolenic acids in nine parental lines (two male sterile lines and seven male lines) and seven hybrid rice lines, by utilizing an efficacious organic extraction to collect RBO and by developing a user‐friendly reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methodology. Our results showed that the hybrid lines had the highest oil content (Fratio = 7.2017,pvalue = 0.0019), while the male lines had the highest levels of two of the three free unsaturated fatty acids analyzed (linoleic acid, x¯ = 212.801 mg and oleic acid, x¯ = 48.132 mg). Oil weight was negatively correlated with α‐linolenic acid (r = −0.6535,pvalue <0.0001). All three free unsaturated fatty acids were positively correlated. Our samples' natural variation in lipid content suggests that some rice lines are more suitable for oil production.
Combining geophysical prospection and core drilling: Reconstruction of a Late Bronze Age copper mine at Prigglitz‐Gasteil in the Eastern Alps (Austria)
Authors: Trebsche Peter , Schlögel Ingrid , Flores‐Orozco Adrian
Published: August 2022

Prehistoric mines are often too large and too deep for conventional archaeological excavations. Non‐destructive and minimally invasive methods of prospection can help to overcome these limits. Our case study of a Late Bronze Age opencast mine (ca. 1050 to 780 BC) shows the potential of geophysical prospection methods combined with core drillings. For the reconstruction of this mine, we combined electrical resistivity and induced polarization (IP) tomography, seismic refraction tomography (SRT) and ground penetrating radar (GPR). The geophysical data were collected based on an orthogonal grid of 10 longitudinal and transverse profiles, laid out over an area of ~330 × 300 m. The profiles allowed a three‐dimensional interpolation of the geological units, the mining dumps, the mining areas and the residual mineralization. Additionally, two deep cores were drilled to ground‐truth the geophysical prospection results. They provided information about the stratification at intersections of the measurement grid, and this proved crucial for validating the interpreted geophysical profiles. Each geophysical method applied provided different information for the reconstruction of the site: the electrical resistivity tomography offered the best clues as to the locations of the geological units and the dumps, the seismic refraction tomography visualized the transition between the dump or backfill layers and the underlying bedrock, and the IP measurements revealed residual mineralization. The georadar measurements, on the other hand, did not contribute to the interpretation owing to the limited depth of penetration. Based on the combination of borehole and geophysical data, it was possible to develop a hypothetical model of an open‐pit mine for copper ore that developed in three phases (mines A–C) during the Late Bronze Age. Without the control provided by the core drillings, one of the mining areas (mine A) could not have been correctly identified in the geophysical prospections.
Robust consensus of heterogeneous multiagent systems with switching topologies: A time‐delay case
Authors: Huang Wenchao , Liu Tiantian , Liu Hailin , Huang Yanwei , Chen Shaobin
Published: August 2022

The robust leader‐following consensus of heterogeneous multiagent systems under switching communication topologies is investigated in this paper. Especially, the input delay is considered in each follower. In order to access the information of leader through time‐varying communication, a type of distributed dynamic compensator is proposed for every follower firstly, which get rid of the dependence on the global spectrum information and is proved that it can be viewed as a asymptotic observer of the leader. Then combined with the internal model principle, two types of distributed control law are proposed based on the compensator. By applying the truncated predictor feedback scheme to synthesize the closed‐loop systems, it is proved that the consensus can be achieved by both of the control laws despite the existence of the input delay and the plant parameters perturbations. Finally, numerical simulations are illustrated to demonstrate the results.