bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Personality, Alexithymia and Work Engagement on Burnout among Village Doctors in China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Xuewen , Bai Xue , Bian Liyan , wang Min
Published: September 2020

Background: In China, grass-roots village doctors, as the gatekeepers of rural residents' health, play an important role in guaranteeing and serving the health level of rural residents. However, the serious burnout and high turnover rate of village doctors threaten the stability of village medical teams. This research evaluated the influence of personality, alexithymia and work engagement on the burnout of village doctors in an in-depth and detailed way, and explored the mediating role of work engagement and alexithymia between personality and the burnout of village doctors in China.Methods: During May and June 2019, 2,684 rural doctors in 1,345 rural clinics in Jining city, Shandong Province, were studied using a quantitative study self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic and sociological characteristics, personality, alexithymia, work engagement and burnout, and was measured by 5-7 Likert scale. One-way ANOVA, Person correlation analysis, and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used for statistical analysis.Results: Up to 54.3% of the surveyed rural doctors showed moderate to severe emotional exhaustion, 90.5% of them had moderate to severe sense of low personal achievement and 33.9% of them had moderate to severe depersonalization burnout. Personality has a direct positive effect on work engagement (β=0.50, p<0.001), but has a direct negative effect on alexithymia (β=-0.52, p<0.001) and burnout (β=-0.50, p<0.001) respectively. Work engagement has a direct negative effect on burnout (β=-0.10, p<0.001), while alexithymia has a direct positive effect on burnout (β=0.16, p<0.001). In the path between personality and burnout, both work engagement, 95%CI:(−0.17)–(−0.08), and alexithymia 95%CI:(−0.36)–(−0.09), have significant mediating effects.The above results strongly confirmed that personality, alexithymia, and work engagement were early, powerful predicators of burnout.Conclusion: According to the results, medical administrators should pay attention to the personality characteristics of village doctors in their professional training, practice selection and job assignment and encourage doctors to actively reflect on their own personality and to reduce job burnout by obtaining necessary social support, constructing reasonably achievable career expectations, improving time management and participating in psychological counselling programs.
Prognostic Role of Muscle Depletion in Palliative Care Patients With Incurable Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Mori Naoharu , Maeda Keisuke , Yamanaka Yousuke , Matsuyama Remi , Nonogaki Tomoyuki , Kato Ryoko , Ishida Yuria , Shimizu Akio , Ueshima Junko
Published: September 2020

Background: Depletion of muscle mass and strength has been proven to be a negative prognostic indicator for patients with cancer receiving anticancer treatment. However, little is known about its role in palliative care patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of muscle depletion in predicting survival among patients in palliative care.Methods: We retrospectively examined the association between muscle mass and strength and prognosis in patients with incurable solid cancer who are supported by a palliative care team at a university hospital. Psoas muscle index (PMI) at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra was employed as the muscle mass index. Pinch grip strength (PGS) was used as the muscle strength index. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate the factors independently associated with overall survival.Results: A total of 78 patients were included in this study (35 male, median age 67 years). Median survival was 87.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 50–124) days. After adjustment for age, sex, albumin, edema, and performance status as potential confounders, loss of PMI (HR=0.998, 95% CI 0.996–0.999; P=0.003) and PGS (HR=0.73, 95% CI 0.55–0.97; P=0.030) independently predicted the overall survival.Conclusion: Depletion of muscle mass and strength is an independent predictor of survival in patients with incurable solid cancer receiving palliative care. PMI and PGS may help to better assess the prognosis of patients in palliative care.
Joint modeling versus discriminant analysis for dynamic prediction of a binary outcome based on longitudinal data: A simulation study
Authors: Dandis Rana , IntHout Joanna , Roes Kit , Teerenstra Steven
Published: September 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the City Pilots Served by AB InBev Foundation’s Global Smart Drinking Goals Initiative
Authors: Simons-Rudolph Ashley , Lilliott-González Liz , Fisher Deborah A. , Ringwalt Christopher L.
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of global health, including efforts to curb harmful drinking. Very little is known about the effects of a prolonged disaster like this pandemic on alcohol consumption, misuse, and related harms, and on ongoing interventions designed to prevent or mitigate these harms. MethodsWe collected information from key informants in community coalitions in each of five City Pilots funded by the AB InBev Foundation that are implementing prevention and early intervention strategies to reduce harmful drinking. Key informants reported how the pandemic has affected alcohol sales and consumption in their communities, as well as alcohol-related harms such as interpersonal violence and drink driving. ResultsWe found that alcohol production has slowed and that sales of alcohol have uniformly decreased. However, the effects of local regulations on alcohol sales in on- and off-premise establishments have been uneven. Early reports suggest that home-based drinking has decreased during the pandemic, binge drinking is still problematic, and that while the prevalence of drink driving is greatly reduced, domestic violence has increased. We also report measures taken by the AB InBev Foundation to support the City Pilots’ efforts to combat the pandemic, which include transitioning in-person prevention strategies to online delivery where feasible, and the reorientation of the AB InBev Foundation’s Community Fund to support local efforts to combat the pandemic. ConclusionsWhile it presents considerable challenges for ongoing prevention efforts that depend on interpersonal contact, the Community Fund appeared to have a positive effect on building community coalitions, bringing new stakeholders to the table, and providing the opportunity for the coalitions to enhance their visibility and reputations in the communities they serve.
A fundamental shift in the melt processes of Arctic sea ice
Authors: Wilkinson Jeremy , Doble Martin , Valcic Lovro , Veyssiere Gaelle , Cole Sylvia , Rainville Luc , Lee Craig , Hargrove John , DiLeo Julia , Graber Hans
Published: September 2020

As the Arctic Ocean transitions into a seasonally ice-covered ocean, the processes that govern the sea ice melt cycle will undergo a fundamental shift. The summer melt cycle passes through several stages, such as snowmelt, meltpond formation and drainage, and basal melting; normally with surface melt processes occurring well before basal melt. Monitoring of atmospheric, sea ice and oceanographic properties from autonomous buoys deployed across the Beaufort Sea, combined with targeted satellite imagery, reveal a fundamental restructuring of these melt processes within the seasonal ice zone – where basal melt occurs before surface melt. We find this seemingly unremarkable change accelerates the basal melting of sea ice by ten-fold, as well as transforming the timing and flux of freshwater and heat into the upper-ocean. These processes play a pivotal role in determining upper-ocean stratification, and when combined with a modification of the under-ice light field, it could impact marine ecosystem function.
Perceptions and Behavioral Adoptions of the Preventive Strategies from Person-to-Person Transmission of COVID-19 Among the Public in China: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Zhu Xian , Gan Yong , Wu Bo , Gou Qinyong , Zheng Daikun , Liu Chenglu , Xu Chang , Tao Zhou , Xu Hong , Long Qian
Published: September 2020

Background: The strategies adopted to prevent spreading of COVID-19 are quarantine, social distancing and isolation of infected cases. This study investigates perceptions and behavioral adoptions of COVID-19 prevention strategies among the Chinese public and identified factors predicting individual health behavior.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey between 22 February and 5 March, 2020. We approached to urban residents aged over 18 years through snowball sampling method using the Chinese social media. The Health Belief Model was adopted to guide the analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine impacts of modifying factors (including demographic and socio-economic characteristics) and individual beliefs on individual health behavior.Results: of 5675 valid questionnaires, 95.8% of the respondents well understood the preventive measures from COVID-19 transmission, while 79.9% of the respondents adopted the behavior advised. 45.7% of the respondents perceived severity of the disease, 75.6% of the respondents perceived benefits of social constraints measures and 62.7% reported anxiety during the epidemic. After adjusting for modifying factors and individual beliefs, those who were female, had better income and good knowledge on preventive measures, perceived benefits on social constraint measures and did not feel anxiety were more likely to adopt behaviors advised.Conclusions: The Chinese public highly accepted and adopted behaviors advised to slow down the COVID-19 epidemic. People with low income or feeling anxiety were less likely to adopt the behavior advised. The policy support should target on the social vulnerable groups. The psychological support should be disseminated through different means, and the consultation should be provided to those who are in need.
Adverse events in cardiovascular disease patients taking clopidogrel: impact of CYP2C19 genotype polymorphisms
Authors: Liu Zegan , Hu Qian , Tang Li , Ma Junlong , Cai Jiangfan , Li Haiping , Zhang Che
Published: September 2020

Background: Clopidogrel combined with aspirin in antiplatelet therapy is the first-line clinical regimen for cardiovascular diseases. The CYP2C19 gene influences the absorption and metabolism of clopidogrel and its polymorphisms affect antiplatelet therapy drug efficacy, which may lead to adverse events including stent thrombosis and haemorrhage. The main objective of this study was to explore the impact of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on adverse events in cardiovascular disease patients.Methods:We recruited 350 patients taking clopidogrel and performed CYP2C19 genotype testing. Adverse event information was collected through telephone follow-up. According to CYP2C19 genotype results, patients were divided into three groups: poor metabolism (PM) group, extensive metabolism (EM) group and intermediate metabolism (IM) group. The number of adverse events was compared between the three groups using the chi-squared test and the onset time of adverse events was analysed using the log-rank test. The main factors affecting adverse events were analysed using binary logistic analysis.Results: In total, 326 patients were included in the analysis: 143 patients were in the EM group, 129 patients were in the IM group and 54 patients were in the PM group. In this cohort, 127 adverse events were noted, which occurred in 88 patients. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse events between the EM group and PM group (P=0.185). The median survival times of adverse events in the EM, IM and PM groups were 112 days, 137.5 days and 169 days, respectively, with no significant differences between the three groups (P=0.8713).Conclusion:We found that CYP2C19 polymorphisms were not necessarily associated with adverse events in patients with cardiovascular diseases taking clopidogrel. Rather, the main factors influencing the occurrence of adverse events were concomitant diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia.
Severe Vision Impairment and Blindness in Hospitalized Patients: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Harris Che , Wright Scott M
Published: September 2020

Background: Outcomes among hospitalized patients with severe vision impairment or blindness have not been extensively explored. This study sought to determine clinical and resource utilization outcomes in patients with severe vision impairment/blindness (SVI/B).Methods This was a retrospective study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for the year 2017, hospitalized adults with and without severe vision impairment/blindness were compared. Multiple logistic regression and linear analysis were used to evaluate mortality, disposition, length of stay, and hospital charges. Results: 30,420,907 adults were hospitalized, and among these 37,200 had SVI/B. Patients with SVI/B were older (mean age ± SEM: 66.4±0.24 vs. 57.9±0.09 years, p <0.01), less likely to be female (50% vs 57.7%, p <0.01), and more frequently insured by Medicare (75.7% vs 49.2%, p <0.01). Patients with SVI/B had more comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity score ≥ 3: 53.2% vs 27.8%, p <0.01). They also had a higher mortality rate (3.9% vs 2.2%; p<0.01). Those with SVI/B were less likely discharged home (adjusted Odds Ratio {aOR} =0.54, [Confidence Interval (CI) 0.51-0.58]; p <0.01). Hospital charges were not significantly different (adjusted Mean Difference {aMD} = $247 CI [-$2,474-2,929]; p=0.85) but length of stay was longer (aMD= 0.5 days CI [0.3-0.7]; p<0.01) for those with SVI/B.Conclusion: Patients admitted to American hospitals in 2017 who had severe vision impairment or blindness had worse clinical and greater resources utilization. Hospital-based providers should recognize this vulnerable patient population as being at risk for adverse outcomes during hospitalization and determine interventional strategies.
Physical Density Estimations of Single- and Dual-energy CT Using Material-based Forward Projection Algorithm
Authors: Li Kai-wen , FUjiwara Daiyu , Haga Akihiro , Liu Huisheng , Geng Li-Sheng
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of physical density prediction in single-energy CT (SECT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) by adapting a fully simulation-based method using a material-based forward projection algorithm (MBFPA). Methods: We used biological tissues referenced in ICRU Report 44 and tissue substitutes to prepare three different types of phantoms for calibrating the HU-to-density curves. Sinograms were first virtually generated by the MBFPA with four representative energy spectra (i.e. 80 kV, 100 kV, 120 kV, and 6 MV) and then reconstructed to form realistic CT images by adding statistical noise. The HU-to-density curves in each spectrum and their pairwise combinations were derived from the CT images. The accuracy of these curves was validated using the ICRP110 human phantoms.Results: The relative mean square errors (RMSEs) of the physical density by the HU-to-density curves calibrated with kV SECT nearly presented no phantom size dependence. The kV-kV DECT calibrated curves were also comparable with those from the kV SECT. The phantom size effect became notable when the MV X-ray beams were employed for both SECT and DECT due to beam hardening effects. The RMSEs were decreased using the biological tissue phantom.Conclusions: Simulation-based density prediction can be useful in the theoretical analysis of SECT and DECT calibrations. The results of this study indicated that the accuracy of SECT calibration is comparable with that of DECT using biological tissues. The size and shape of the calibration phantom could affect the accuracy, especially for MV CT calibrations.
Treatment of intracranial infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis with linezolid following poor outcome of vancomycin therapy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lin Zhiqiang , Chen Sumei , Hong Limian , Wu Shuifa , Yu Xueping
Published: September 2020

Background: To investigate the efficacy of linezolid in the treatment of intracranial infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS).Case presentation: The patient at our hospital was diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) intracranial infection, which was resistant to oxacillin and sensitive to vancomycin (MIC = 2 µg/mL) and linezolid (MIC = 4 µg/mL). Vancomycin was replaced with linezolid after 36 days of treatment due to poor outcome, and the patient was eventually cured. Further, a total of 23 cases of intracranial MRSA/MRCoNS infections were reported, of which 1 case with MRSA had a vancomycin MIC = 1 µg/mL, while the remaining 22 cases had vancomycin MICs greater than 1 µg/mL, with MIC = 1.5 µg/mL in 1 case, MIC = 2 µg/mL in 19 cases and MIC = 4 µg/mL in 2 cases. The linezolid-containing regimen was used after drug susceptibility results or if the initial treatment failed, leading to recovery in 19 patients, microbial clearance in 3 patients (of which 2 patients died of comorbidities and 1 patient died of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection), and treatment failure in 1 case.Conclusion: The PK/PD parameter for evaluating the efficacy of vancomycin is AUC/MIC ≥ 400 (assuming a vancomycin MICBMD of 1 µg/mL), and trough concentration should not be used as a substitute for AUC/MIC. For optimal management, vancomycin dosing should be based on AUC-guided dosing and monitoring. When the vancomycin MIC of MRSA/MRCoNS is > 1 µg/mL, the target AUC/MIC cannot be achieved. In such cases, linezolid can be used with good therapeutic effects.
Examining a Co-Integration and Causality between Education and Economic Growth in India
Authors: Sarania Rahul
Published: September 2020

The study examines the empirical relationship between education expenditure, higher education and economic growth in the context of India using time series econometric analysis for the time period 1971-2015 based on Vector Autoregression (VAR) model and Johansen’s Cointegration procedure. The time series data were verified for the stationary properties by using Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips-Perron test techniques which showed the variables to be integrated of order one I(1). The Johansen co integration of trace and maximum Eigen value tests indicated the presence of one co-integrating relationship among the variables, that is, the existence of long run relationship among the variables under investigation. The Granger causality test results indicated a unidirectional causality that runs from government expenditure on education to economic growth and also the existence of unidirectional causality between higher education and economic growth that run from economic growth to higher education. The reverse causality did not hold in either cases. The error-correction mechanism gives evidence for the short-run dynamics. Impulse Response Function showed a sharp drop initially of GDP and then positive response of GDP to shock in education expenditure and higher education that appeal for productive investment in research and development and training with proper facilities and establishment of more educational institutions, particularly higher education institutions that will lead to higher economic growth of India.
SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis-mediated Migration of Systematically Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Towards the Injured Spinal Cord in a Rat Model
Authors: Cai Sa , Yang Yi , Zhao Andong , Pan Yu
Published: September 2020

Background: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to migrate to injured spinal cords and promote functional recovery when systemically transplanted into the traumatized spinal cord. However, the the mechanisms underlying their migration to spinal cords are not yet fully understoodMethods: In this study, we systemically transplanted GFP- and luciferase-expressing MSCs into the rat models of spinal cord injury and examined the role of the stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 axis in regulating the migration of transplanted MSCs to spinal cords.Results: After intravenous injection, MSCs migrated to the injured spinal cord where the expression of SDF-1 was increased. Spinal cord recruitment of MSCs was blocked by pre-incubation with an inhibitor of CXCR4. Their presence correlated with morphological and functional recovery. In vitro, SDF-1 or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from SCI rats promoted a dose-dependent migration of MSCs, which was blocked by an inhibitor of CXCR4 or an SDF-1 antibody.Conclusions: The study suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 interactions recruit exogenous MSCs to injured spinal cord tissue and may enhance neural regeneration. Modulation of homing capacity may be instrumental in harnessing the therapeutic potential of MSCs.
A novel HDAC inhibitor suppresses extracellular vesicle VEGF-C-mediated lymphangiogenesis and pancreatic cancer early dissemination
Authors: Wang Chu-An , Li Chien-Feng , Huang Rho-Chi , Li Yo-Hua , Liou Jing-Ping , Tsai Shaw-Jenq
Published: September 2020

Background

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer characterized by early dissemination and poor drug response. Loss-of-function of dual specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2), a critical regulator of MAPKs signaling, is highly associated with cancer malignancies. Therefore, it may provide new therapeutic strategy if the actions of DUSP2 can be restored.
Methods

The tumor suppressor role of DUSP2 was demonstrated via DUSP2 re-expression in the orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer and knockout of Dusp2 in the pancreas by transgenic mouse model. Immunohistochemical staining and histology analysis was performed to evaluate tumor development and progression. Bioinformatic analysis was utilized to identify potential drug which mimics DUSP2 re-expression. Pancreatic cancer cell survival, migration ability, and the expression and function of extracellular vesicle (EV) associated vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) was measured. The effect of the novel HDAC inhibitor on pancreatic cancer progression was evalulated by orthotopic mouse model.
Results

Forced expression of DUSP2 abrogated tumor formation and loss of Dusp2 facilitated Kras-driven PDAC formation. Increased HDAC1 expression was found in PDAC and inhibition of HDAC showed similar gene profile as Kras knockdown and DUSP2 re-expression. Treatment with B390 inhibited growth and migration abilities of PDAC cells, decreased EV-associated VEGF-C expression, and suppressed lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation. In vivo, B390 not only suppressed tumor growth by increasing tumor cell death, it also inhibited lymphangiogenesis and lymphovascular invasion.
Conclusions

Our data provide the proof-of-concept evidence to demonstrate the potential of using novel HDAC inhibitor in PDAC treatment which alleviates loss-of-DUSP2-mediated pathological processes.
Perception and Response of Religious Leaders in Precaution Transmission of COVID-19 Through Handling and Burial of Dead Bodies in Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati  , Purnama Tri Bayu
Published: September 2020

One of the roles of religious leaders/ulama that can prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is education and socialization in the process of handling and burial of corpses. The varying practice on handling and burial of corpse in the community, as well as different perceptions of each cleric, are factors that hinder the implementation of the corpse handling and burial protocol with the COVID-19 procedure. This study aims to understand the differences in perceptions and responses of ulama in the process of handling and burial of dead bodies in Indonesia. This study interviewed 6 prominent ulama figures in each of the significant Islamic religious organizations in Indonesia as representatives of each practice of handling and burial of corpse. The case study research design with a structured interview guide was carried out by telephone in the COVID-19 pandemic. Data analysis was carried out with content analysis to classify variations in perception and response to the corpse handling and burial process with the COVID-19 procedure. All scholars interviewed in this study were men over 40 years of age and understand that the COVID-19 procedure in handling and burial of dead bodies can reduce the potential for disease transmission even though some clerical figures argue that there is a difference in opinion between ulama and the COVID-19 procedure. All scholars / religious leaders say that the handling and burial of the dead body using the COVID-19 protocol must be carried out by considering the possibility of disease transmission. However, some have adjusted the procedure to the religious values ​​held by the organization. Comprehensive socialization and coordination can reduce misperceptions and misinformation in the process of handling and burial for corpses with the COVID-19 procedure so that the carrying out of handling and burial of dead bodies can prevent new COVID-19 clusters in the community.
Binding mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with human ACE2 receptor
Authors: Koirala Rajendra P , Thapa Bidhya , Khanal Shyam P , Powrel Jhulan , Adhikari Rajendra P , Adhikari Narayan P
Published: September 2020

SARS-CoV-2 virus interacts via C-terminal domain of spike protein to human cell receptor protein hACE2. Amino acid residues residing at the interface play vital role in binding of SARS-CoV-2 CTD to hACE2. The detailed atomic level inves- tigation of interactions at binding interface of SARS-CoV-2 CTD/hACE2 provides indispensable information on better understanding of location for drug target. In the present work, we have studied the dynamical behaviour of the complex by ana- lyzing the molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories. The major interacting residues of SARS-CoV-2 CTD and hACE2 have been identiﬁed by analyzing the non-bonded interactions such as hydrogen bondings, salt bridges, hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals interactions etc. Umbrella sampling method has been used to estimate the binding free energy for in-depth understanding of binding mechanism between virus protein and host receptor. The binding free energy diﬀerence, key residues at the interface, important atomic interactions and contact surface areas have been compared with the molecular complex of SARS-CoV and hACE2. Relatively larger contact surface area, more non-bonded interactions as well as greater binding free energy provide the evidence for favorable binding of SARS-CoV-2 with hACE2 receptor than SARS-CoV.
COVID-19 and Mental Health of Adolescents: A South Indian Perspective
Authors: Kumar Brinda Prasanna , E Adarsh , G Sahana
Published: September 2020

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak and stay at home orders has had multifaceted consequences on the mental health of adolescents. Therefore, the authors aim to (1) Investigate the feelings of depression among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (2) Evaluate the mental help seeking behavior and awareness among the adolescents.Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken where adolescents in the age group of 10 to 19 years were invited to participate with a self-administered questionnaire. A snowball sampling strategy was used, focusing on recruiting adolescents living in Bangalore, India during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. The survey included the PHQ-2 scale and questions on help seeking and awareness. The questionnaires were completed in English through an online survey platform. Data collection took place over five days.Results: The study included 300 participants with a mean age of 17.01 +/- 1.34 years. PHQ-2 scale revealed a sample mean of 1.32 (SD=0.99). 34.7% felt little interest or pleasure in doing things on several days and 32.0% felt down depressed or hopeless on more than half the days. 52.3% of the adolescents indicated that they were unlikely or were unsure about seeking help for mental health issues and 24.3% were not aware of any mental health helpline. No association between socio-demographics and PHQ-2 scale was established. Majority indicated intention to seek help from parents or siblings.Conclusion: Adolescents constitute a vulnerable population and need careful consideration. The COVID -19 outbreak has resulted in increased depressive symptoms, anger, difficulty in relaxation and sleep disturbances. Lack of awareness of support and reluctance to use the resources has had a compounding effect on the mental health status of adolescents. Adolescents often choose to express their mental health concerns to their parents and siblings. Therefore, it is worth considering family as a potential resource of support for adolescents in this challenging time of need.
Does volatility traverse between emerging and frontier stock markets of Asia?
Authors: Suraj Pavto Velip , Anjana Raju Guntur
Published: September 2020

Given Asian market recognition at the forefront of the investment domain, the research examines volatility spillover and asymmetric transmission between emerging and frontier stock markets of Asia. Stock returns of two frontier and nine emerging markets, during the data period spanning from August 2000 to March 2020, were analyzed using multivariate asymmetric GARCH-BEKK model around the global financial crisis (GFC). The study results suggest that the structure of cross-markets shocks and volatility spillover between emerging markets are higher during post-GFC. Therefore, this diminishes the possibility of portfolio diversification and investment opportunities to the investors in most of the Asian emerging markets. In the case of Asian frontier markets, most of the volatility generates due to its past shocks and volatility traverse from Asian emerging markets are considerably less. Hence, asset allocations prospects exist in the Asian frontier stock markets. Nevertheless, safe investment strategies need to design to reap diversification benefits from these markets, particularly during financial turmoil and market distress in the future.
Dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint in a female red deer: Case report
Authors: FLIS MARIAN , PIÓRKOWSKI JACEK
Published: September 2020

The paper presents a post-traumatic anomaly of the metacarpal joint of a front limb of a female red deer, which was the cause of joint dislocation. This anomaly arose due to an incorrect positioning of the limb during movement, especially during fast running, most probably when the frightened animal was escaping from danger. Other mechanical causes cannot be excluded, such as entrapment of the limb in a net fence for crops and forest youngsters, which is commonly used to protect the forest from wild animals. The study showed that the resulting injury had led to secondary degenerative changes and deformities of the lopsided axis of the limb. The result was an incorrect directional orientation of the metacarpal bone and toes, and consequently of the hooves of the third and fourth fingertips. At the same time, the second and fifth toes, residual in this species, became retarded. The joint dislocation led to an incorrect positioning of the hooves during the animal’s movement and, consequently, to their excessive growth. These changes, however, despite their long-standing character, did not affect the animal’s condition, as evidenced by its carcass weight, which was above average for a female deer of this age and in this region of Poland.
Cattle botulism: Underestimated epidemiological problem
Authors: GRENDA TOMASZ , KWIATEK KRZYSZTOF , GOLDSZTEJN MAGDALENA
Published: September 2020

Botulism in cattle is a rarely diagnosed, but highly fatal disease. Laboratory diagnosis of cattle botulism cases is complicated by the high genetic diversity of C. botulinum strains. The proper diagnosis of botulism is based mainly on observation of clinical symptoms. In epidemiological investigation, the most important is to consider the genetic diversity of C. botulinum strains and the chimeric character of toxins produced by this microorganism. It is also important to investigate the potential vectors and origins of C. botulinum spores in order to detect the potential routes of transmission, which are not yet thoroughly understood. Cattle botulism is underestimated worldwide because of the difficulty of classifying its clinical forms and determining its vectors. Very important in the risk management of botulism are adequate sanitization procedures to prevent the spreading of spores and as a consequence new outbreaks of this disease
Guazuma ulmifolia: an environmentally friendly coagulant aid for water treatment
Authors: Tavares Leticia Cardoso Madureira , Borges Alisson Carraro , da Silva Teresa Cristina Fonseca , Rosa André Pereira
Published: September 2020

In the present work the use of a promising novel coagulant aid, Guazuma ulmifolia, was optimized to treat synthetic water using central composite being highly efficient at rotatable design (CCRD). The factors evaluated for the coagulation-flocculation process were coagulants dosages and pH. A model to describe the coagulation-flocculation process was successfully obtained. The model was validated using 5 mg L−1 aluminum sulfate, 2.5 mg L−1G. ulmifolia and pH 9, achieving excellent agreement with observed values.
Spider Silks: An Overview of Their Component Proteins for Hydrophobicity and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Li Fan , Bian Chao , Li Daiqin , Shi Qiong
Published: September 2020

Spider silks have received extensive attention from scientists and industries around the
world because of their remarkable mechanical properties, which include high tensile strength and
extensibility. It is a leading-edge biomaterial resource, with a wide range of potential applications.
Spider silks are composed of silk proteins, which are usually very large molecules, yet many silk
proteins still remain largely underexplored. While there are numerous reviews on spider silks from
diverse perspectives, here we provide a most up-to-date overview of the spider silk component protein
family in terms of its molecular structure, evolution, hydrophobicity, and biomedical applications.
Given the confusion regarding spidroin naming, we emphasize the need for coherent and consistent
nomenclature for spidroins and provide recommendations for pre-existing spidroin names
that are inconsistent with nomenclature. We then review recent advances in the components, identification,
and structures of spidroin genes. We next discuss the hydrophobicity of spidroins, with
particular attention on the unique aquatic spider silks. Aquatic spider silks are less known but may
inspire innovation in biomaterials. Furthermore, we provide new insights into antimicrobial peptides
from spider silk glands. Finally, we present possibilities for future uses of spider silks.
Evaluation of Potential Drug-drug Interactions in the Prescriptions in Outpatient Settings
Authors: ENGİN Seçkin , BARUT Elif , SEZEN Feride , YARIŞ Ersin
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are an important component of drug-related adverse events, leading to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of potential DDIs (pDDIs) in the prescriptions written in outpatient primary care clinics in Trabzon, Turkey. Material and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in 169 prescriptions from 15 primary care clinics. pDDIs were identified by using Lexi-Interact™ software program. Results: A total of 169 prescriptions involving 506 drugs were analyzed, of which 59 had at least one pDDI. The prevalence of pDDIs was 34.91%. The mean number of drugs per prescription was 2.99±1.08. A total of 124 pDDIs were identified with mean of 0.73±1.45 per each prescription. Hydrochlorothiazide was the most frequently prescribed drug involved in pDDIs (n=15, 12.10%). The most common pDDIs was between hydrochlorothiazide and metformin (n=4, 3.22%). The number of pDDIs are positively correlated with increasing age (r=0.33 p<0.01) and the number of prescribed drugs (r=0.41, p<0.01). The majority of pDDIs (n=96, 77.42%) were in the risk category C (monitor therapy). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that polypharmacy and age were associated with the risk of having pDDIs. Physicians and pharmacists should be aware of pDDIs to improve drug safety, patient compliance and, prevent adverse drug reactions. Analyzing of DDIs with softwares should be effective for management of risks associated with pDDIs.
Provision of Public Goods and Services by The Government and Property Tax Compliance
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Syaifa Noor Ilmiyani Baiq , Djamaluddin Djamaluddin Sartika ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: September 2020

The compliance of tax payments can be seen from the concept of reciprocity between the government as the tax collector in providing public goods and services to the public as taxpayers. The objective of this research is to know the relationship between provision of public good by government, such as quality of schools, public health center (puskesmas), hospitals and roads with property tax (PBB-P2) compliance. Tobit estimation results show that there is a positive relationship between providing roads to PBB-P2 compliance. In addition, it also found that citizen education has a negative relationship toward PBB-P2 compliance and the performance of tax collectors has a positive relationship with PBB-P2 compliance. In this case, improving the quality of road provision also the performance of tax collectors can be a concern of the government as an effort to improve PBB-P2 compliance.
POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING AIRSPACE REVIEW TIME WHEN DETECTING AND TRACKING RADAR TARGETS
Authors: Byzov A. N. , Izjumov A. V. , Petrov Yu. V.
Published: September 2020

This article considers possible ways to reduce the time of air space survey by an onboard radar station in comparison with the known «classical» methods. The main direction of the proposals is related to the division of the entire sector of the airspace survey into severalrange zones. The division of the survey sector into three zones in accordance with the classification of the range of air-to-air missiles is justified. The calculation of the time of review of a given area of airspace for the proposed methods and comparison with the time of review of a similar zone with a needle beam, which showed the possibility of reducing the review time to two times, mainly when viewing the near and middle zones.The possibility of using different beams for radiating and receiving signals is considered.
MARINE FIRE-DANGEROUS SITUATIONS FACTORS’ VALUES FORECASTING BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Romanov A. E.
Published: September 2020

The article describes the procedure of marine fire-dangerous situations factors’ values forecasting based on artificial neural network. These factors are temperature, optical air density, aerosol concentration. Given procedure is flexible and can be expanded for other factors of fire-safety state of monitored object. Artificial neural network with architecture of three-layer perceptron is used for forecasting. The article gives a common scheme for realization of fire-dangerous situations factors’ values forecasting, substantiates the choice of used artificial neural network’s architecture, gives perceptron learning algorithm. As a result of given procedure execution factors’ values forecasting is implemented for prevention of fire-dangerous situation and the adoption of early actions. In case of integration of the developed procedure inside ship information management systems’ algorithmic support is capable of dramatically raise effectiveness of decisions made while providing fire safety on ships.
ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEMS USING REFLECTION OR SECONDARY RADIATION OF ACOUSTIC WAVES
Authors: Avdzeyko V. I. , Karnyshev V. I. , Paskal E. S.
Published: September 2020

In this work, to identify promising areas for the development of electronic systems using reflection or secondary radiation of acoustic waves, a patent analysis method is used based on the formation of time series of US patents and comparison between different technical solutions for the number of patents registered in specific subgroups of the International Patent Classification (IPC), and the dynamics of their issuance in the interval 2010–2019. The use of the IPC allows an effective search and classification of any technical solution, a retrospective analysis, as well as the formation of predictive assessments of the development of technologies, involving open resources of various patent offices. As a result of the study, data were obtained that suggest that all systems using the reflection of acoustic waves have been successfully developing for the past ten years. The most promising among them are systems using reflection of acoustic waves and systems specially designed for special applications. Among systems with reflection of acoustic waves, the most promising systems are systems for determining the location of a target by measuring only range using transmissions of intermittent pulse-modulated signals.
The Effect of Problem Based Learning Based Sosio-Scientific Issues on Scientific Literacy and Problem-Solving Skills of Junior High School Students
Authors: Hestiana Hestiana , Rosana Dadan
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Sosio-Scientific Issues (SSI) based Problem Based Learning (PBL) on increasing scientific literacy and problem-solving skills of junior high school students. The type of research is Quasi experiment with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population included class VII Junior High School of 6 Yogyakarta that consisting of seven classes in the 2019/2020 school year. The sample is determined by the Purposive Sampling technique. The research instruments were pretest and posttest questions of scientific literacy and students' problem-solving skills. Hypothesis testing is done with MANOVA and effect size calculation to find out how much influence is given. Based on the MANOVA test, the Sig value is 0,000 that <α (0.05) so that Ha is accepted (H0 is rejected). As for the calculation of the effect size obtained a score of 0.897 (high enough), which means that SSI-based PBL has a significant effect on increasing scientific literacy and a score of 1,027 (high), which means that SSI-based PBL has a high effect on improving students' problem-solving skills. Based on these results it can be concluded that PBI based on SSI affects the increasing scientific literacy and problem-solving skills.
The Effectiveness of Student Team Achiement Divisions (STAD) Cooperative Learning In Science Learning On Analysis Skills and Social Skills
Authors: Aryanti Yunita , Widodo Eko
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is (1) to know the effectiveness of the application of STAD cooperative learning to the ability of analysis, to know the effectiveness (2) the application of the STAD type of cooperative learning to the social skills of students in science subjects, and (3) to know the effectiveness of the application of type cooperative learning STAD on students' analytical skills and social skills of students in natural science subjects. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. The population in this study were all class VII SMP Negeri 4 Wonosari, amounting to 5 classes. Sampling was done by cluster random sampling technique. The sample of this study, namely class VII A as an experimental class and class VII B as a control class. Research instruments in the form of (1) multiple choice question sheets to determine students' analytical skills, (2) social skills questionnaire sheets, and (3) observation sheets of social skills used during learning. Hypothetical test is parametric through the MANOVA test, followed by the calculation of Cohen's effect size. The results showed that (1) the STAD type cooperative learning model was effective in increasing students' ability to analyze science in science subjects, (2) the STAD type cooperative learning model was effective in increasing the social skills of students in science subjects, and (3) the cooperative learning model STAD type is effective for improving students' analytical skills and social skills in natural science subjects.
The Influence of Nested Type of Integrated Science Learning Model on Students’ Critical Thinking and Cooperation Skills
Authors: Habibah Nurul Kamalia , Maryanto Allesius
Published: September 2020

The research aims to know the influence of the nested type of integrated science learning model on junior high school students’ (1) critical thinking skills, (2) collaboration skills, and (3) the critical thinking skills and collaboration skills simultaneously. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group design. The population of this research is the whole class VII of SMPN 2 Godean. The sampling technique was cluster random sampling, so that class VII A was obtained as an experimental class, and class VII C as a control class. The learning in experiment class was conducted by using a nested type science integration model with a scientific approach, while the learning in control class with the scientific approach that teachers normally use in learning. The instruments used in this research are (1) pretest and posttest critical thinking skills, (2) collaboration skills observation sheets, and (3) learning achievement sheets. The analysis technique used is the independent sample t-test, manova test, and effect size. The result showed that there was a significant effect of learning the integration of nested science types on junior high school students’ (1) critical thinking skills in the medium category, (2) collaboration skills in the medium category, and (3) critical thinking skills and collaboration skills simultaneously.
The Relationship Between Work Engagement and Burnout in Ditpolair Korpolairud Baharkam Polri
Authors: Aryatno Rizky Mukti
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between work engagement and burnout in Korpolairud Ditpolair Baharkam Polri. This study was a correlational study with quantitative method. 120 members of Korpolairud who worked in the Subditpatrolair division were involved as participants. Simple random sampling was used as  sampling method and 4 point Likert scale as data collection techniques. The work engagement scale was based on Schaufeli’s theory with aspects namely vigor, dedication, and absorption. Menawhile, the burnout scale was based on Maslach’s theory with aspects namely emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Based on data analysis using Pearson Product-Moment correlation test, the results of this study showed that there was a correlation between work engagement and burnout in Korpolairud Ditpolair Baharkam Polri as proved by -0.752 coefficient value and p=0.00. It can be concluded that the correlation between work engagement and burnout was significant and negatively correlated.