bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geography of racial coresidence
Authors: Dmowska Anna , Stepinski Tomasz
Published: December 2021

Whereas most work on residential race relations in US cities is based on the concept of segregation, our approach studies this issue from a who-lives-with-whom perspective. To this end, we study coresidence profiles – percentages of a given racial subpopulation living in different population zones. Population zones are data-driven divisions of a city based on characteristic racial compositions. We used 1990 and 2010 decennial census block-level data for 61 largest US metropolitan areas to calculate coresidence profiles for four major racial subpopulations in each city at both years. Profiles for each race/year combination were clustered into three archetypes. Cities, where given race profiles belong to the same archetype, have similar coresidence patterns with respect to this race. We present the geographic distributions of co-habitation profiles and show how they changed during the 1990-2010 period. Our results revealed that coresidence profiles depend not only on racial preferences but also on the availability of racial groups; cities in the different geographical regions have different coresidence profiles because they have different shares of White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian subpopulations. Temporal changes in coresidence profiles are linked to the increased share of Hispanic and Asian populations.
INFLUENCE OF THE «YANTOVET» MEAT ON ORGANOLEPTIC INDICATORS OF RABBIT MEAT
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Arkhipova S.P. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Yakupova L.F. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Gracheva O.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Gainullina M.K. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

The use of «Yantovet» in the diet of rabbits has a positive effect on the organoleptic properties of meat. Rabbit meat obtained from the experimental group, as well as meat broth, have more pronounced taste characteristics, which increases its consumer properties.
CHEESE SUITABILITY OF COW'S MILK WHEN ADDED IN THE DIETS OF ENERGY FEED ADDITIVES
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Kashaeva A.R. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Akhmetzyanova F.K. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Shakirov Sh.K. ,   Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Federal Research Center, Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of research on the study of the raw milk properties of cows when adding an energy feed additive (ECD) based on activated zeolite to the diets. The work was carried out in the conditions of the MTF "Smak Kors" RT. The results of the study of the qualitative composition of milk-raw cows showed that ECD contributed to an increase in MJ in group I by 0.09 %, in group II-by 0.15 %, in group III-0.22 % (P<0.01) in relation to the control. According to the content of MDB in milk, the difference in the indicator was at the level of 0.04-0.14 %, respectively. The improvement of the quality composition of the raw materials had a positive impact on the cheese suitability. It should be noted that the positive effect increases with an increase in the dose of the test feed additive. The best cheese-making properties were characteristic of the milk of cows of the third experimental group. In them, under the action of rennet, a dense clot was obtained from the milk of 80.0 % and a loose clot was obtained in 20.0 %, and the milk had a short clotting time of 15.3 minutes. The milk of the cows of all experimental groups met the requirements of the desired type II.
INFLUENCE OF PIK-ANTISTRESS FODDER ADDITIVE ON THE CONTENT OF MACROELEMENTS IN BLOOD AND TISSUE OF BROILER CHICKENS OF INDUSTRIAL GROWING
Authors:   FSBEI HE South Ural State Agrarian University, Miftahutdinov A.V. , Sayfulmulukov E.R. ,   FSBEI HE South Ural State Agrarian University
Published: December 2021

Growth and development of broiler chickens with intensive fattening, especially in the finishing period, reaches a peak in intensity. Under conditions of technological stress, mineral metabolism takes an active part in the development of the adaptation syndrome. Feeding the bird with a stress protector at a dose of 1269 g / t of feed led to a statistically significant increase in the ash content of the pectoralis minor, serum calcium, magnesium in the bone tissue and a decrease in phosphorus in the pectoralis minor; at a dose of 1693 g / t of feed, it significantly increased the ash content of the skin, the content of calcium in the blood, magnesium in the bone tissue, and reduced the level of phosphorus in the femoral muscles.
PREPARATIVE ISOLATION OF SPECIFIC ANTIGENS OF FULL CELL LYSATE M. BOVIS
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Moskvicheva A.V. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Khaertynov K.S. ,   TSNIL KSMA - branch of FGBOU DPO RMANPO of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Khammadov N.I. ,   FSBSI "Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety", Shuralev E.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Efimova M.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Ravilov R.Kh. ,   FGBOU VO “Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine named after N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

Bovine tuberculosis is a serious problem for agriculture all over the world and causes huge economic losses. At the same time, infections caused by Mycobacterium bovis not only affect animal husbandry and the food industry, but also pose a threat to public health, as M. bovis is often isolated as a pathogen of tuberculosis, especially in patients with various immune deficiencies. The situation is aggravated by the lack of simple and accessible methods for diagnosing tuberculosis in cattle, which significantly impedes the monitoring of infection and the application of appropriate preventive measures. Serological tests, due to their relatively cheap cost, rapidity, rather high sensitivity and specificity, are able to compete with the allergic test during mass examinations of cows. In the present study, we present the results on the study of the antigenic structure of mycobacteria and the isolation of the most specific antigenic components from the lysate of the M. Bovis cell wall destroyed on the Fast Prep 24 device. The developed method allows obtaining a serologically active antigenic fraction with a high degree of purity with a molecular weight of 28 kDa.
MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS QUAIL’S EGGS WHEN FEEDING ORGANIC CONCENTRATE
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Ndayikengurukiye D. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Akhmetzyanova F.K. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Kashaeva A.R. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

One of the main factors that ensure the growth of profitability of poultry farming is the partial replacement of grain crops with non-traditional feed with low cost, which, for example, can be considered processed dry bird droppings (SPP). The aim of the research was to study the effect of organic concentrate based on SPP on the morphological parameters of quail eggs. For the study, 5 experimental groups of quails were selected using the method of analog pairs. The birds of the control group received factory-made feed DC-52-100 %, the quails of the experimental groups (I, II, III and IV) were replaced by 10, 15, 20 and 25% by weight, respectively, with an organic protein concentrate based on SPP. In studies, it was found that the introduction of an organic concentrate based on SPP in the amount of 10, 15, 20, 25 % instead of a similar amount of mixed feed contributed to an increase in the relative weight of the yolk by 1,55; 4,51 (P≤ 0.05); 0,64 and 1,87 %, a decrease in the protein/yolk ratio by 2,07; 6,74 (P≤ 0.05); 0,52 and 3,13%, respectively, relative to similar indicators of eggs of the control group. The addition of organic concentrate based on SPP to the composition of mixed feeds contributed to the improvement of the morphological parameters of food eggs and the quality of the shell. The weight of eggs practically did not change when replacing 10,0% of the complete feed with a similar amount of organic concentrate, while the picture was ambiguous when increasing the dose of the test feed.
THE USE OF POLYFUNCTIONAL FEED ADDITIVES FOR CALFS IN THE DAIRY PERIOD
Authors:   NJSC ", Balji Yu.A. ,   Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin", Isabekova S.A. ,   NJSC "Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin", Mustafina R.Kh. ,   NJSC "Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin", Shantyz A.Kh. ,   FSBEI HE “Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin ", Korotkiy V.P. ,   OOO "Khiminvest"
Published: December 2021

The purpose of these studies was an evaluation of the use of two developed formulations of multifunctional biologically active feed additives for calves during the dairy period. It was found that the average daily and absolute gain in both experimental groups is higher than that of the control by 11 and 8 %, respectively. Calves that received a feed supplement with active carbon and balsam poplar bud extract (group 1) exceeded the control group in girth measurements. In general, according to the results of the experiment, the positive effect of multifunctional feed additives on the growth and development of calves during the dairy period was determined.
THE PRACTICE OF IMMOBILIZING LARGE WILD CARNIVOROUS ANIMALS IN A NATIONAL PARK
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Usenko V.I. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Zaikina E.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Mbonde B.M. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

In the conditions of the Serengeti National Park (Tanzania), female lions were immobilized in order to conduct clinical, physiological and special studies using xylazine and ketamine, and atypamezol as an antidote. The first signs of immobilization in lionesses after the use of xylazine and ketamine occur in 4.8±0.8 minutes, and the restoration of mobility after the use of the antidote – in 1.5 minutes. Depression of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in lionesses and disorders of the general condition after the use of the above-mentioned drugs were not noted, which allows us to recommend the use of such a combination of drugs for immobilizing wild animals in national parks, nature reserves and zoos.
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MORPHOGENESIS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE COMPONENTS OF THE PANCREAS OF A RACCOON DOG IN POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS OF THE RADIATION FACTOR
Authors:   EE ", Kovaliou K.D. ,   Vitebsk of the Order of the Badge of Honor",   State Academy of Veterinary Medicine ", Fiadotau D.N. ,   EE "Vitebsk of the Order of the Badge of Honor" State Academy of Veterinary Medicine "
Published: December 2021

There have been no studies devoted to the study of the pancreas of a raccoon dog living in a contaminated area in the world. Therefore, the aim of our research was to study the connective tissue components of the pancreas in a raccoon dog at different stages of postnatal ontogenesis. The material for the study was raccoon dogs seized from former settlements, in the vicinity of lakes Zhartai, Vyura, Gnezdnoye and the Nesvich River in the exclusion zone (30 – kilometer exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant). As a result of the studies, the features of the morphofunctional state of the pancreatic stroma under the influence of the radiation factor were revealed.
FEATURES OF SELECTION IN THE BREEDING AND COMMODITY PART OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Khaertdinov R.A. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Zakirova G.M. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Kamaldinov I.N. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

The evaluation of genealogical and factory lines, related groups within lines, their compatibility, the development of selection methods and the study of its effectiveness in creating breeding herds in dairy cattle breeding is of particular interest for the theory and practice of dairy cattle breeding.
SKIN CONDITION IN EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF SHEEP WITH CONTAGIOUS DERMATITIS
Authors:   FGBOU VO ", Shakirova G.R. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Scriabin ", Shakirova S.M. ,   FSBEI HE "Bashkir State Agrarian University"
Published: December 2021

As a result of the study, it was found that with contagious pustular dermatitis, the damage affects the epidermis and dermis of the skin. The most severe damage is recorded in the epidermis on day 9, fragments of organelles and viroplast clusters are observed in the cytoplasm. On the 22nd day, regenerative and regenerative processes prevail in the epidermis and dermis, in the form of proliferation, cell differentiation and organization of intercellular substance.
LEGAL DATABASE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES PREVENTION IN GOOSE INDUSTRY
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Vasiliev M.N. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Bakanova E.O. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

Currently, there are a number of regulations governing the activities of poultry farms in general. The activity of goose-breeding farms implies the conduct of veterinary measures, which differ from the activities of poultry farms of other bird species. It is related with the presence of diseases inherent in this species of bird, as well as with the physiological features of waterfowl. However, in the existing regulatory documents and the system of recommendation documents of the agro-industrial complex, these features are not always taken into account, which may affect the effectiveness of the preventive anti-epizootic measures being carried out. We have studied the legal database governing the work and veterinary service of goose-breeding farms in the Russian Federation: recommendations, rules and instructions for the prevention and control of the most common infectious diseases of geese. According to the research, it was revealed that goose-breeding poultry farms have to independently organize a system of biological safety of the geese farms, since there is no modern unified effective system of the prevention of diseases in geese. There is a need to improve and finalize the current legal database of infectious diseases prevention in industrial goose breeding.
PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF ORNITHOBACTERIOSIS IN ORNAMENTAL PIGEONS
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Vakhrusheva T.I. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University"
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of the study of pathomorphological changes in organs in ornithobacteriosis in decorative pigeons with the establishment of the underlying disease, including the pathological signs associated and pathognomonic for the disease. The objects of the study were the corpses of fallen pigeons of the English postal and peacock breeds, at the age of 2-3 years, kept in a private farm on the territory of the Yemelyanovskiy district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Bacteriological examination of the material revealed the causative agent of ornithobacteriosis (Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale), and the causative agent of colibacillosis (Escherichia coli) was also found in 70,0 % of cases. In 70 % of the individuals, a complication was observed in the form of colibacillosis, characterized by serous-catarrhal gastroenterocolitis, spleen hyperplasia, and serous polyarthritis, to the underlying disease. The features of ornithobacterial infection in pigeons include the absence of pronounced serous-inflammatory edema of soft tissues in the head area, signs of serous-fibrinous aerosacculitis and the onset of the disease in birds of the older age group (2-5 years).
THE EFFECT OF ZEOLITE ON THE YIELD AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF SUGAR BEET
Authors:   Tatar NIIAHP - a separate structural division of the FRC KazSC RAS, Garafutdinova K.R. , Rakhmanova G.F. ,   Tatar NIIAHP - a separate structural division of the FRC KazSC RAS, Khusainova G.H. ,   Tatar NIIAHP - a separate structural division of the FRC KazSC RAS, Sidorov V.V. ,   Tatar NIIAHP - a separate structural division of the FRC KazSC RAS
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of a field experiment on the introduction of zeolites from the Tatarsko-Shatrashansky deposit of the Republic of Tatarstan for sugar beets, the Dubravka variety, on leached chernozem. The studied doses of the agromineral are 10 and 15 t/ha. The results of the study revealed the effectiveness of zeolite when embedded in soil and its effect on the productivity of sugar beet and its biochemical characteristics. An increase in crop yield was established by 1.3-1.5 t/ha. An increase in the content of nitrogen and easily hydrolyzable carbohydrates in root crops is noted - depending on the dose of zeolite, up to 0.19 and 0.7 %, respectively.
EVALUATION OF PHYTOTOXICITY OF NATURAL MINERALS
Authors:   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center KazSC RAS, Degtyareva I.A. , Babynin E.V. ,   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center KazSC RAS, Koshpaeva T.V. ,   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center KazSC RAS, Kirillova N.I. ,   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center KazSC RAS
Published: December 2021

An assessment of the phytotoxicity of natural (lime, zeolite and phosphorite) minerals and their nanostructured analogues (nanostructured lime, nanostructured water-zeolite suspension (NWZS), nanostructured water-phosphate suspension (NWPS) and a spine) has been carried out. a monocotyledonous test plant (spring wheat variety Ulyanovskaya-105) has a positive effect on all studied minerals. The length of the seedling among native minerals is stimulated by lime and phosphorite, among nanominerals - nanostructured lime and NWZS. All native minerals have a positive effect on biometric indicators, among nanostructural ones – nano-lime and NWPS. Seedling biomass is stimulated only by zeolite and NWZS. Thus, native zeolite has the best data on the length of the seedling (by 48.9 %), the length of the coleoptile (by 53.6 %) and the biomass of the seedling (by 16.1 %), and in NWZS - along the root length (by 12.8 %), root biomass (by 13.5 %) and seedling biomass (by 13.7 %). Thus, according to most indicators, the best are zeolite (among native ones) and NWZS (among nanostructured minerals).
ASSOCIATION OF COMPLEX GENOTYPES OF DGAT1, CSN3, LGB GENES WITH ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE SIGNS OF BIRD BULLS
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Zinnatov F.F. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Yakupov T.R. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Zinnatova F.F. ,   Tatar NIIAHP is a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center of KazSC RAS, Kharisova Ch.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

Using DNA analysis among the complex genotypes of the DGAT1, CSN3 and LGB genes, it was revealed that 14 different complex genotypes were identified in 63 animals and the highest productivity indices belong to animals with a combination of DGAT1AK CSN3BB LGBBB genotypes – 9261.5 kg and 3.7 % fat and 4,2 % protein. They account for 1.6 % of those studied. Also, cows - mothers with the same combination of genotypes have a high yield of fat and protein – 342.6 kg and 388.9 kg
PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF BROILER CHICKENS WHEN FEEDING TRYPTOPHAN AND CHONDROTAN FEED MIXTURE»
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Zlepkin V.A. ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University", Salomatin V.V. ,   FSBEI HE "Volgograd State Agrarian University", Ryadnov A.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Volgograd State Agrarian University", Zlepkina N.A. ,   FSBEI HE "Volgograd State Agrarian University"
Published: December 2021

The results of studies on the effect of the introduction of the amino acid tryptophan in the amount of 0.04 % in the composition of the combo feed and additionally in the diet of the feed mixture «Chondrotan» (on the physiological parameters and meat productivity of broiler chickens. The greatest effect on the hematological parameters of broilers was provided by tryptophan in combination with the feed mixture «Chondrotan» at the rate of 350 g per 1 ton of mixed feed. It was also revealed that the use of tryptophan and different amounts of «Chondrotan» feed mixture in the feeding of broiler chickens contributes to an increase, in comparison with the control, of the mass of the gutted carcass, respectively, by 2,07 (P<0,05); 5,24 (P<0,001) and 2,99 % (P<0,001), edible parts of the carcass-by 2,11 (P<0,05); 5,72 (P<0,001) and 3,14 % (P<0,001), pectoral muscles – by 2,17 (P<0,05); 5,63 (P<0,001) and 3,20 % (P<0,001). The quality indicators of meat are improving in the young animals of the experimental groups: the content of dry matter in the pectoral muscles – by 0,09; 0,15 (P<0,05) and 0,13 % (P<0,05), protein-by 0,12; 0,40 (P<0,01) and 0,19 % (P<0,05). Of the experimental groups, the highest indicators of meat yield and quality were noted in broilers of the II experimental group.
DEGREE OF INVASION OF HORSES PARASCARIS EQUORUM UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF CONTENT
Authors:   FSBSI ", Idrisov A.M. ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety", Nizamov R.N. ,   FSBSI "Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety", Gaynutdinov T.R. ,   FSBSI "Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety", Vasilevsky N.M. ,   FSBSI "Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety", Mingaleev D.N. ,   FSBEI HE "Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman ", Kalimullin F.Kh. ,   FSBSI "Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety"
Published: December 2021

The significant dependence on the invasion of Parascaris equorum horses with different maintenance technologies was studied. Methods of helminthocoprooscopy revealed the spread of parascaridosis of horses kept in stable and herd conditions in the Pobeda farm in the Cheremshansky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. The high invasion of animals with herd and stable housing is apparently associated with a large contamination of horse stalls, stables, care items and the surrounding area with parascaride eggs. The maximum parasiticidal infection of horses was established with stable maintenance. As a result of the studies, it was found that the maximum extent of invasion (EI) of horses in the examined farm with stable technology of keeping was 42.8 % and herd content was 37.5 %. The intensity of invasion (II) by parascarides varied from 23.7±3.4 to 77.3±5.6 ind. eggs in 1 g of feces, depending on the technology of maintenance.
IMPROVEMENT THE PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF KAZAKH MEAT-WOOL SEMI-FINE SHEEP BY USING THE ROMNEY-MARSH BREED
Authors:   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Islamov E. , Kulmanova G. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Kulataev B. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Bekbaeva D. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Darkenbayuly D. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Kulemetova P. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University
Published: December 2021

The article presents the wool productivity of different sex and age groups of Kazakh meat-wool semi-fine wool sheep in the south and south-east of Kazakhstan. The growth and development, meat and woolen productivity, meat and breeding qualities of purebred and kneaded lambs and yaks of the first generation of kneaded Kazakh meat-wool semi-fine sheep with the blood of Romney marsh breed have been studied.
DESIGN OF HIGHLY SPECIFIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PRIMERS AND PROBES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF NON-TUBERCULOSIS MYCOBACTERIA
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Kamalieva Y.R. ,   Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine them. N.E. Bauman "
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this work was to develop highly specific oligonucleotide primers and probes for the identification of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria in pathological material taken from tuberculin-responsive cattle. The article presents the result of the development and design of a set of oligonucleotide primers and probes, research of their specificity and sensitivity. The primers and probes developed by us for the identification of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria in order to differentiate nonspecific reactions to tuberculin in cattle have high specificity and sensitivity.
New data on the spider fauna of Iran (Arachnida: Araneae), part VII
Authors: Zamani A. , Nadolny A.A. , Esyunin S.L. , Marusik Yu.M.
Published: December 2021

New faunistic and taxonomic data are provided for 19 families of Iranian spiders. Stemonyphantes arta Esyunin et Zamani, sp. nov. (Linyphiidae) is described from a male and a female collected in the Zanjan Province. Five genera of the family Theridiidae (Pholcomma, Phoroncidia, Phycosoma, Rhomphaea and Rugathodes) and 21 species are recorded from Iran for the first time, and 119 new province records are provided for 51 species. Additionally, Megarctosa bamiana Roewer, 1960 (Lycosidae) is transferred to the genus Arctosa C.L. Koch, 1847. A mistake in the original description of Gnaphosa azerbaidzhanica Tuneva et Esyunin, 2003 (Gnaphosidae), namely a mismatch of the figures of this species with those of G. tigrina Simon, 1878, is discussed and corrected here. Considering the results presented in this paper, the total number of spiders recorded from Iran is raised to 888 species in 321 genera.
Pre- and intraoperative thoracic spine localization techniques: a systematic review
Authors: Strong Michael J. , Santarosa Julianne , Sullivan Timothy P. , Kazemi Noojan , Joseph Jacob R. , Kashlan Osama N. , Oppenlander Mark E. , Szerlip Nicholas J. , Park Paul , Elswick Clay M.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

In the era of modern medicine with an armamentarium full of state-of-the art technologies at our disposal, the incidence of wrong-level spinal surgery remains problematic. In particular, the thoracic spine presents a challenge for accurate localization due partly to body habitus, anatomical variations, and radiographic artifact from the ribs and scapula. The present review aims to assess and describe thoracic spine localization techniques.

METHODS

The authors performed a literature search using the PubMed database from 1990 to 2020, compliant with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A total of 27 articles were included in this qualitative review.

RESULTS

A number of pre- and intraoperative strategies have been devised and employed to facilitate correct-level localization. Some of the more well-described approaches include fiducial metallic markers (screw or gold), metallic coils, polymethylmethacrylate, methylene blue, marking wire, use of intraoperative neuronavigation, intraoperative localization techniques (including using a needle, temperature probe, fluoroscopy, MRI, and ultrasonography), and skin marking.

CONCLUSIONS

While a number of techniques exist to accurately localize lesions in the thoracic spine, each has its advantages and disadvantages. Ultimately, the localization technique deployed by the spine surgeon will be patient-specific but often based on surgeon preference.
Postoperative spinal subdural hygroma without incidental durotomy: illustrative cases
Authors: Barr Garrett Q. , Mayer Peter L.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Spinal subdural hygroma (SSH) is a rare pathological entity occurring as a complication of spinal surgery. It is different from spinal subdural hematoma due to blunt trauma, anticoagulation therapy, spinal puncture, and rupture of vascular malformations.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors presented five patients with SSH who received decompression for lumbar stenosis. None had incidental durotomy. All presented postoperatively with unexpectedly severe symptoms, including back and leg pain and weakness. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed SSH with a characteristic imaging finding termed the “flying bat” sign. Four patients underwent evacuation of SSH, with immediate and complete resolution of symptoms in three patients and improvement in one patient. One patient improved without additional surgery. At surgery, subdural collections were found to be xanthochromic fluid in three patients and plain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in one patient.

LESSONS

Unexpectedly severe back and leg pain and weakness after lumbar or thoracic spine surgery should raise suspicion of SSH. MRI and/or computed tomography myelography shows the characteristic findings termed the flying bat sign. Surgical evacuation is successful although spontaneous resolution can also occur. The authors hypothesized that SSH is due to CSF entering the subdural space from the subarachnoid space via a one-way valve effect.
Overview of doctrinal and legislative sources on the interpretation of the concept of “bullying”
Authors: Lantukh Iryna
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the study is stipulated by the necessity of scientific knowledge at the level of general and theoretical legal science of bullying to increase the effectiveness of counteraction to this negative phenomenon, the separation from other forms of violent behavior. There are two groups of sources covering the understanding of bullying: 1) research in the field of sociology, pedagogy and psychology (is a larger group) 2) research in the field of law (related to the adoption of legislation providing for liability for bullying and based on its legislative definition analysis, which determines the coverage primarily of the administrative and legal aspect of these studies). The first group of sources, based on the peculiarities of understanding bullying, is divided into three subgroups: papers in which bullying is understood as an external social influence, a phenomenon having negative consequences and existing within a particular social group; papers in which bullying is perceived mainly through the emphasis on aggressive behavior, interpreting it as mockery, harassment, violence; papers in which bullying is understood as the interaction of social actors, which has a conflicting nature due to the lack of communication skills. The second group of sources is divided into two subgroups: scientific publications, analyzing the features of bullying, the national courts’ practice concerning interpretation of bullying through the application of Art. 173-4 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; papers in which the correlation of bullying with other forms of violent behavior is the subject of knowledge, and its features are determined. It is summarized that there is no single approach to understanding bullying in the domestic scientific literature. Analysis of sources, the subject of knowledge of which is bullying, allows us to distinguish its broad and narrow understanding. The latter is reduced to a legislative definition and is inherent mainly in research within legal science. A broad interpretation of bullying, including not only the features defined in the law, but also others, in particular, the negative nature of the consequences, disruption of group communication,interpersonal conflict, which is characterized mainly by psychological, pedagogical and social research of bullying.
Spiking PID Control Applied in the Van de Vusse Reaction
Authors: Márquez-Vera Carlos Antonio , Yakoub Zaineb , Márquez Vera Marco Antonio , Ma'arif Alfian
Published: December 2021

Artificial neural networks (ANN) can approximate signals and give interesting results in pattern recognition; some works use neural networks for control applications. However, biological neurons do not generate similar signals to the obtained by ANN.  The spiking neurons are an interesting topic since they simulate the real behavior depicted by biological neurons. This paper employed a spiking neuron to compute a PID control, which is further applied to the Van de Vusse reaction. This reaction, as the inverse pendulum, is a benchmark used to work with systems that has inverse response producing the output to undershoot. One problem is how to code information that the neuron can interpret and decode the peak generated by the neuron to interpret the neuron's behavior. In this work, a spiking neuron is used to compute a PID control by coding in time the peaks generated by the neuron. The neuron has as synaptic weights the PID gains, and the peak observed in the axon is the coded control signal. The neuron adaptation tries to obtain the necessary weights to generate the peak instant necessary to control the chemical reaction. The simulation results show the possibility of using this kind of neuron for control issues and the possibility of using a spiking neural network to overcome the undershoot obtained due to the inverse response of the chemical reaction.
Fabrication and Evaluation of Two-Junction Carbon Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices
Authors: Hisato Kato  , Yuki Yamamoto  , Shinya Kato  , Naoki Kishi  , Tetsuo Soga
Published: December 2021

In this work, we have fabricated the two-junction carbon photovoltaic devices which consisted of Al/fullerene (C60)/amorphous carbon (a-C)/C60/a-C/ITO glass structure. We also investigated their photovoltaic properties with the same bandgap and without involving the tunnel-connect layer. We found that the open-circuit voltage in the two-junction photovoltaic device almost doubled compared to the single-junction type and it confirmed that the tandem structure was successfully formed without any tunnel-junction although short-circuit current in the two-junction tended to decrease greatly in comparison to single-junction. Moreover, we studied the effect of film thickness of each film on the photovoltaic properties of two-junction carbon photovoltaic devices and as a result, there was a dependence of film thickness on the photovoltaic performance in the two-junction type. Thus, it can be concluded that the film thickness is one of the significant influences to enhance the photovoltaic performances and our results might be an important approach for fabricating the higher efficiency of two-junction carbon thin film photovoltaic devices made of different band gap.
Numerical Analysis and Optimization of Area Contribution of The PV Cells in the PV/T Flat-Plate Solar Air Heating Collector
Authors: Yasser Fathi Nassar  , Samer Yassin Alsadi  , Khalid Amer Ali  , Abdalaziz Hassan Yousef  , Massoud Ali Fakher
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a practical design of combination solar photovoltaic panel (PV) and an ordinary flat-plate air heating solar collector (FPSC. (The offered collector generated both electrical and thermal power for many applications such as (drying, heating, cooling, etc...). The PV cells are placed in the entrance of the (FPSC), the design avoids the temperature increasing of the PV. In this paper the photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collector energy analysis were carried out. A mathematical model has been built in order to determine the optimum contribution ratio of the PV cells in the offered collector. The model takes into account the variation of the electrical characteristics with solar radiation and the PV cell's temperature. The obtained results have shown that for a (PV/T) collector of 3m long, the maximum energy extracted from the collector, when the length of the PV panel is 2.4 m and the rest of the collector is ordinary FPSC. Furthermore, the electrical efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the PV/T system was found to be higher than that of the conventional separated systems.
History of Solar Car Technology and its Future Especially in Power Electronics
Authors: Jonokuchi Hideki
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the history and evolution of technologies related to the whole electrical system of solar car [1]. The components are the solar cell, maximum power point tracker, boost converter, motor& Inverter and battery. In a solar car, it is difficult to arrange the solar cells on a flat vehicle surface, and solar cells with different incident angles and temperature is different in each cell. This is a problem when many solar cells with different characteristics are connected in series, and the improvement method will be described in detail. Next, we will explain the development of a boost converter using a GaN power device that can improve the overall running efficiency. We will also discuss the technological advances in motors & inverters and batteries over the last 30 years. The evolution of solar cars is largely due to the evolution of semiconductors, including solar cells, and material technologies, but at the same time, we will explain examples of these technologies being first demonstrated in solar car race and then socially implemented
KOMUNIKASI THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY PASIEN PENYALAHGUNA NARKOBA DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Zahro Laila Zakiyatu , Wardani Rama wijaya Kesuma , Pasiska Pasiska
Published: December 2021

This study will examine the Therapeutic Community Communication of Drug Abuse Patients during the Covid-19 Pandemic "at the Karunia Insani Foundation Rehabilitation Center, Kab. Musi Rawas, as for the research method used, namely qualitative research which approach is more to field research, the data collection techniques through interviews, documentation and observation, then the data is reduced so as to obtain the validity of research that can be accounted for scientifically, as for the results of In this research, the application of the therapeutic community method, the formation of Behavioral Menegement Shaping, which prioritizes drug abusing patients, knows all program activities every day and follows disciplined discipline This application is carried out during the morning meeting, therapeutic community support during the Covid-19 pandemic has three directions. , namely peer pressure in the form of a warning when making a mistake and giving a response (feedback) in the form of solutions and motivation when listening to problems and complaints between drug abuse patients, family visits, namely when families visit patients drug abuse to see the development that is in them, even though it is limited, drug abuse patients feel and feel more comfortable, lastly, from the gift of human rehabilitation institution, they hold recreation (outing) once a month, but when the Covid-19 pandemic this activity stops temporarily and will done again after the covid-19 pandemic has not increased much.
Constructing Expert System to Automatic Translation for Software development
Authors: Omar Hasoon Safwan , Mohammed Rafie Younis Fatima
Published: December 2021

the development in computer fields, especially in the software engineering, emerged the need to construct intelligence tool for automatic translation from design phase to coding phase, for producing the source code from the algorithm model represented in pseudo code, and execute it depending on the constructing expert system which reduces the cost, time and errors that may occur during the translation process, which has been built the knowledge base, inference engine, and the user interface. The knowledge bases consist of the facts and the rules for the automatic transition. The results are compared with a set of neural networks, which are Back propagation neural network, Cascade-Forward network, and Radial Basis Function network. The results showed the superiority of the expert system in automatic transition process speed, as well as easy to add, delete or modify process for rules or data of the pseudo code compared with previously mentioned neural networks.
Description d’une nouvelle espèce de Nomada Scopoli, 1770, de France (Corse) (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Authors: Dufrêne Éric
Published: December 2021

Description of a new species of Nomada Scopoli, 1770, from France (Corsica) (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Nomada legoffi n. sp., a new species of bee of the genus Nomada Scopoli, 1770 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from southern Corsica is described and illustrated. It is morphologically close to Nomada argentata Herrich-Schäffer, 1839. Observations on its probable host Andrena pellucens Pérez, 1895, are reported.
About the system of games in teaching high school students algorithms and mathematical structures
Authors: Baboshina A. V. , Kornilov P. A.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the issue of increasing the motivation of students to study computer science and mathematics by introducing gamifcation elements into the educational process. Special attention is paid to the possibility of introducing computer games into the educational process as part of extracurricular activities in computer science. A brief overview of the training software environment developed by the authors is given, containing a set of paired fnite mathematical games ("Determinant", "24 cards", "Even", "The Bachet's game", "The Bergson's matches", "The Kayles' game", "Nim"). The authors indicate the possibility of using the developed system of games to prepare students for the state fnal certifcation in computer science in the 11th grade. The main approaches to solving the games listed above, as well as their applications for determining the winning strategies of some other games, are considered. In conclusion, the rationale for the expediency of using the developed educational software environment is given.
Comparison of the Effectiveness 3% Tranexamic Acid Cream Versus 4% Hydroquinone Cream for Treatment of Epidermal Type Melasma
Authors: Marpaung Hartika Ketty , Theresia L. Toruan  , Yuli Kurniawati  , Theodorus
Published: December 2021

Background: Melasma is an acquired hypermelanosis in areas that are exposed to sun. especially in face. Severity of melasma is measured using modified Melasma Area Severity Index (mMASI) and Melanin Index (MI). Hydroquinone (HQ) is an effective drug and also a gold standard in terms of melasma treatment. However. thedrawback of hydroquinone is the treatment duration which is quite long. the occurence of side effects. and also recurrence potential. Several recent studies shows that one of the anti-pigmentation agent options. the tranexamic acid (TA). is able to prevent melanocyte activation. The results of various studies found that the use of TA showed a significant improvement in MASI scores.

Objective: To compare the effectivity of 3% TA cream with 4% HQ cream as an alternative therapy in epidermal type melasma treatment.

Methods: A double-blind. matched. randomized clinical trial was conducted during July 2019 until August 2019 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. Subjects were divided into two groups. The first group. consists of 30 participants. get 3% TA cream; and the second group. consists of 30 participants. get 4% HQ cream. Subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria was included through a simple randomization. Study subjects wer given random cream pot (with label A or B on it) according to the result of simple randomization. Finally. every subjects’ melasma severity was measured using mMASI and mexameter ® .

Results: There were differences in terms of baseline. 4 th weeks and 8 th weeks after treatment mMASI scores in 3% TA and 4% HQ group. At 8 th week. the mMASI score the 3% TA group was lower than 4% HQ group. There was no differences in baseline. 4 th weeks and 8 th after treatment MI between the two groups. Melanin index for 3% TA group was lower than 4% HQ group.

Conclusion: Three-percent TA cream and 4% HQ cream is effective in decreasing mMASI score and MI in epidermal type melasma. There were differences in terms of the mMASI score during the 8th week after treatment between 3% TA and 4% HQ group.
A Case of Whistle as Foreign Body in Trachea
Authors: Zuleika Puspa
Published: December 2021

Background. Most of foreign body aspiration cases are found in children under the age of fifteen. Pediatric patients often presents with non-food foreign body aspiration, such as toys. The most common clinical manifestation are history of choking following foreign object insertion into the mouth (85%), paroxysmal cough (59%), wheezing (57%) and airway obstruction (5%).

Case presentation. Main principle of airway foreign body extraction is to do it immediately in the most optimal condition with slightest possible trauma. Rigid bronchoscopy is a suitable choice for tracheal foreign body extraction. We reported a case of seven years old male with tracheal foreign body presented with history of whistle ingestion five hours prior to admission. This patient was discharged from hospital after third days of rigid bronchoscopy procedure.

Conclusion. History of foreign body aspiration in children should be suspected as a tracheobronchial foreign body. Rigid bronchoscopy is preferred to extract foreign bodies present in the trachea. The prognosis for tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is good if the foreign body is treated early and without complications.
Resentimiento: neurociencias aplicada al psicoanálisis, un ensayo teórico transdisciplinario
Authors: Mello Paulo de , Bertini Edna , Freire Lázaro Luiz Trindade , Jacinto Débora Damasceno , Borges Tássia Monteiro
Published: December 2021

Objetivamos con este articulo presentar una concepción transdisciplinar de la relación entre neurociencia y psicoanálisis, sobre todo la kleiniana, en el campo de los epifenómenos ligados al resentimiento, su significado y mecanismos fundamentales de naturaleza psicoanalítica y biológica. El artículo es resultado de un estudio teórico-cualitativo utilizándose como base la vivencia de los autores, algunos con más de 30 años de experiencia clínica en el área de la salud mental, psicoanálisis y neurociencia, sumado a una revisión bibliográfica que consta sobre todo de libros en el campo de la neuropsicoanálisis, análisis y psicoanálisis freudiana, kleiniana y junguiana, un total de 21 libros investigados, además de artículos en el campo de la neurociencia. Investigados en las bases de datos PubMed, Medline y Scielo en el periodo entre 2000 y 2020. El recorte epistemológico envuelve elementos como relación objetual, neurotransmisores, estructuras y circuitos neuronales envueltos en el fenómeno resentimiento. Fueron excluidos textos que se encontraban fuera del alcance cualitativo y transdisciplinar del estudio del texto. Utilizamos el método intuitivo-interpretativo cuya conclusión refuerza la viabilidad de la comprensión de fenómenos psicoanalíticos tal cual el determinismo psíquico y relaciones objetales vía intersección con mecanismos neurobiológicos que se desarrollan a través de operaciones mentales (mentalización), e intervención psicofarmacológica y de neuromodulación por estimulación magnética transcraniana, ampliando así el conocimiento sobre el asunto para las áreas en cuestión.