bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PalVol v1: a proxy-based semi-stochastic ensemble reconstruction of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection for the last glacial cycle (140 000–50 BP)
Authors: Schindlbeck-Belo Julie Christin , Toohey Matthew , Jegen Marion , Kutterolf Steffen , Rehfeld Kira
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Perturbations in stratospheric aerosol due to explosive volcanic eruptions are a primary contributor to natural climate variability. Observations of stratospheric aerosol are available for the past decades, and information from ice cores has been used to derive estimates of stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth over the Holocene (approximately 10 000 BP to present) and into the last glacial period, extending back to 60 000 BP. Tephra records of past volcanism, compared to ice cores, are less complete but extend much further into the past. To support model studies of the potential impacts of explosive volcanism on climate variability across timescales, we present here an ensemble reconstruction of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection (VSSI) over the last 140 000 years that is based primarily on terrestrial and marine tephra records. VSSI values are computed as a simple function of eruption magnitude based on VSSI estimates from ice cores and satellite observations for identified eruptions. To correct for the incompleteness of the tephra record, we include stochastically generated synthetic eruptions assuming a constant background eruption frequency from the ice core Holocene record. While the reconstruction often differs from ice core estimates for specific eruptions due to uncertainties in the data used and reconstruction method, it shows good agreement with an ice-core-based VSSI reconstruction in terms of millennial-scale cumulative VSSI variations over the Holocene. The PalVol reconstruction provides a new basis to test the contributions of forced vs. unforced natural variability to the spectrum of climate and the mechanisms leading to abrupt transitions in the palaeoclimate record with low- to high-complexity climate models. The PalVol volcanic forcing reconstruction is available at https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/PalVolv1 (Toohey and Schindlbeck-Belo, 2023).
Çevrimiçi Alışveriş Bağımlılığı: Sistematik Bir Derleme
Authors: Şahin Aybüke İrem , Öztürk İrem , Dirik Gülay
Published: February 2024

Alışveriş süreci internetin hayatımıza girmesiyle yeni bir boyut kazanmış ve karşımıza çevrimiçi alışveriş olgusu çıkmıştır. Çevrimiçi alışveriş, ortaya çıktığı tarihten itibaren giderek artarak geleneksel alışverişe nazaran daha çok tercih edilmeye başlanmıştır.. Bu durum bireyleri yeni bir bağımlılık riski ile karşı karşıya bırakmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığını incelemiş araştırma makalelerinin incelenmesidir.. 2017-2023 yılları arasında çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı ile ilgili gerçekleştirilmiş çalışmalar Scopus, Pubmed, Ekual ve TRDizin veri tabanları aracılığıyla taranmıştır. Taramanın sonucunda 84 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. PRISMA adımları izlendikten sonra derlemeye dahil edilecek 12 çalışma belirlenmiştir. Makalelerin incelenme sürecinde çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı kavramının, farklı araştırmacılar tarafından değişik işevuruk tanımlarının yapıldığı görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda çalışmalar işevuruk tanımlarına göre çevrimiçi kompulsif satın alma, sorunlu / problemli internet alışverişi ve çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrılarak incelenmiştir. Çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı için koruyucu faktör olarak en çok incelenen değişkenin sosyal destek olduğu görülmüştür. Sosyal medya kullanımı, uyum bozukluğu, dissosiyasyon, dürtüsellik ve aleksitimi belirtilerinin varlığı, kaygılı bağlanma ve düşük benlik saygısının çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı için risk faktörleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mevcut bulgular problemli internet alışverişi davranışının önlenmesi ve gerektiğinde uygun müdahalelerin belirlenmesinde yol gösterici olabilir.
Usawiri wa Nafasi ya Mwanamke katika Tamthiliya ya Kiswahili "Tamthiliya ya Alikiona kama mfano"
Authors: Massuod IsmahanIsmahan Abulkasim Issa
Published: February 2024

Makala hii inalenga kuchunguza usawiri wa nafasi ya mwanamke  katika tamthiliya ya Kiswahili "Tamthiliya ya Alikiona kama mfano" Katika kufanikisha lengo hili, tulichambua usawiri wa nafasi ya mwanamke katika tamthiliya ya Alikiona na kuelezea uhalisia wa nafasi ya mwanamke katika tamthiliya ya Alikiona kwa jamii ya leo. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonyesha kuwa usawiri wa mwanamke unajitokeza katika maeneo ya mwanamke ni uzinzi, mwanamke ni mtu wa hila na ghilba, mwanamke ni mpenda ufahari, mwanamke ni muongo, mwanamke na mmbeya, mwanamke na ujanja, mwanamke ni mtunza kumbukumbu, mwanamke ni stara, mwanamke ni mpenda kupigwa na mwanamke ni mtoa matusi. Usawiri huu wa nafasi ya mwanamke katika tamthiliya ya Alikiona umethibitika kuwa na uhalisia katika maisha halisi ya jamii ya Watanzania ambapo mwanamke halisi anafanana na mwanamke ambaye anatajwa katika tamthiliya. Wapo wanawake kadhaa ambao wamekuwa na sifa kama hizo za mwanamke anayetajwa katika Alikiona.
العرب وجيرانهم: تطوّرات الحرب العربية الباردة
Authors: الورفلّي مبروكة
Published: February 2024

هدفت شهدت المنطقة العربية ولازالت تشهد حالة تنافس على النفوذ أُطلقَ عليها الحرب الباردة الجديدة في الشرق الأوسط، وهي تشترك في أوجه تشابه بنيوية مهمة مع صراعات الخمسينيات والستينيات التي أطلق عليها مالكولم كير اسم "الحرب الباردة العربية". حيث كانت قوّة الأطراف الرئيسية تقاس من خلال قدرتها على التأثير على الصراعات السياسية الداخلية في الدول المجاورة. وعليه فإن السياسة الإقليمية المعقدة والعنيفة في الشرق الأوسط تُفهَم على أنها حرب باردة بين عدد من اللاعبين الإقليميين، سواء الدول أو الجهات الفاعلة غير الحكومية. إنها حرب باردة لأن الفاعلين الرئيسيين لا يتواجهون، وعلى الأرجح لن يواجه بعضهم البعض عسكريا. بل إن التنافس على النفوذ يتجلّى في الأنظمة السياسية الداخلية للدول الضعيفة في المنطقة، وقد انتقل الصراع من كونه صراع بين أطراف عربية إلى صراع بين طرف عربي وطرف غير عربي ضمن المنطقة العربية. فقد أدّت التطوّرات التي شهدتها المنطقة منذ الثورة الإسلامية في إيران في عام 1979 إلى تغيّر في طبيعة وأسباب وأطراف الحرب الباردة في المنطقة، حيث انحسر البعد القومي وفي المقابل تنامى البعد الديني الإسلامي تحديدا، في صراع على الزعامة والهيمنة. وقد صاحب ذلك ظهور التيارات الإسلامية كلاعب غير رسمي ممّا أثّر في شكل هذه الحرب وأعاد رسم خريطة الصراع في المنطقة. وتظهر تداعيات هذه الحرب على ساحات الدول الضعيفة التي اخفقت في مشاريع بناء الدولة والتي تحوّلت إلى ساحة معارك لتلك الدول المتنافسة.
Trade Balance and Pakistan Economy using ARDL model: A Perspective of Trade Deficit Developing Economies
Authors: Hanif Sana , Fatima Syeda Neha , Iqbal Muhammad shahid , Hanif Salman , Batool Sania
Published: February 2024

The influence of trade balance on the economy provides opportunities and challenges against an ongoing global uncertain environment. Existing studies take a broad picture to analyze such influence, often failing under specific implications, indicating a need for a close perspective. Taking this background, this paper aims to study the main features of the complex association between trade balance and economic growth through a close perspective of Pakistan. Accordingly, the study follows econometric techniques and applies the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model on time series days of Pakistan from 1970-2021. In methodology, various statistical techniques are applied to refine the findings, mainly unit-root analysis and cointegration modeling in both long and short-run evaluations. In addition, dependence on trade balance was measured against independence of currency rate, joblessness, investment, and overall domestic production. Findings revealed that the local currency rate, in the long run, has a negative and significant association with the trade deficit, suggesting a growth in exports by lowering that rate. It also boosts local manufacturing to compete against imports, which feel costly. These results can facilitate customizing the local policy guidelines at the national level or in developing countries with similar financial issues like trade deficits. This study’s implications suggest that a close viewpoint between trade balance and the economy could guide in pursuing area-specific goals on a sustainable basis.
Effect of Public Investment on Health Population: A Review of BRICS Countries
Authors: Shahid Tanveer Ahmed , Rahman Saif Ur , Sheikh Salman Masood , Allahrakha Rubina
Published: February 2024

This research aims to investigate the perspectives offered by the literature on health population in relation to public investment, Foreign Direct Investment, and Economics Policy Uncertainty in emerging nations. This paper explores and summarizes current theoretical and empirical studies on the issue. It begins by providing a summary of public investment, foreign direct investment, and HP in the BRICS nations. The literature is identified in a second way, utilizing conceptual and practical knowledge from published works. Furthermore, this paper clarified theoretical methodologies that describes how these strategies function. This work advances the fields of public investment, health population, foreign direct investment, and economic policy.
Penanganan Keluhan Tamu Terhadap Pelayanan Front Office pada OTA di Hotel AKB
Authors: Damayanti Kadek Venny , Putra Dewa Gede , Arthini Ni Nyoman Suci
Published: February 2024

Complaints are expressions of guest dissatisfaction with the standard of service and facilities of a hotel that are conveyed verbally or in writing. Therefore, it is necessary to handle complaints properly to provide solutions to guest complaints, Later on, it can restore guest confidence and provide satisfaction and loyalty to guests. This study aims to determine how to handle guest complaints about front office services at OTA at HOTEL AKB. The data was obtained using documentation and interview with Front Office Manager to find out  information regarding the criteria for handling guest complaints and the responses that should be given referring to guest complaints in Front Office services.The analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative by first describing the existing problems then describing the suitability of the response to handling guest complaints by the hotel so that conclusions can be drawn. The results of this study indicates that the handling of guest complaints on OTA at HOTEL AKB still does not meet applicable standards. This can be proven by the conclusions obtained, namely from seven guest complaints regarding front office services, only three complaints have received a response from the hotel, but two points in the standard handling of guest complaints have not been done. Meanwhile, four other guest complaints have not received a response from the hotel, this means that six important points in the standard for handling guest complaints have not been carried out due to high workload during high or peak occupancy and this also happens because the time to respond to guest complaints is longer than expected. Handling guest complaints at OTA is not implemented due to a lack of regular training
Development, Validity, and Reliability of the Sharenting Scale (SS)
Authors: Cansızlar Mustafa Maruf , Şahin Ekrem Sedat
Published: February 2024

The objective of this research is to construct a scale for assessing the extent of parents' 'sharenting' behavior and to assess its psychometric characteristics. The development of the Sharenting Scale commenced with a comprehensive review of relevant literature. Subsequently, a preliminary version of the scale was administered to 300 parents who utilize social media platforms. Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted on the collected data, revealing a two-factor structure comprising nine items. The analysis indicated that the two-factor structure accounted for 66.51% of the total variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted using data collected from 191 parents who completed the aforementioned scale. The goodness-of-fit indices indicated satisfactory fit values: χ2/df= 2.06, RMSEA= .075, CFI= .96, IFI= .96, TLI= .95, GFI= .94, NFI= .93. The convergent validity of the scale was assessed through the calculation of Average Variance Extracted and Composite Reliability values. Furthermore, the internal consistency reliability of the Sharenting Scale was evaluated using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, yielding a value of .82. Additionally, the stability of the scale was examined via a test-retest method, resulting in a correlation coefficient of .83. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Sharenting Scale demonstrates both validity and reliability as a measurement tool for assessing parents' 'sharenting' behavior.
The Effect of Musical Play on the Social Skill Development of Primary School Students
Authors: Burak Sabahat , Baş Ayşenur
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of musical play on the social skill development of third-grade students and to investigate the opinions of classroom teachers on the effect of musical play on the social skill development of their students. The study sample consists of 60 students: 30 in the experimental group, and 30 in the control group. Musical play activities were applied in the experimental group for 10 weeks. At the end of the research, interviews were conducted with both the experimental and control group classroom teachers. The results demonstrate a significant difference, in of the experimental group, between the posttest total scores, adjusted according to the students' social skills scale pretest total score averages. According to the answers to interview questions from the classroom teachers, musical play is beneficial for the development of social skills.
Penurunan Kadar Sulfur Batubara dengan Fluidized Bed Desulfurizer Menggunakan Saturated Steam
Authors: Maharani Ayuri Naurah , Junaidi Robert , Yerizam Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Penggunaan batubara berkadar sulfur tinggi sebagai bahan bakar akan menghasilkan gas SO2 yang dapat mengganggu kesehatan manusia, menyebabkan hujan asam dan korosi pada peralatan pabrik. Akibat permasalahan ini, penggunaan batubara sebagai bahan bakar menjadi tidak ramah lingkungan oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar sulfur di dalam batubara sehingga menjadi ramah lingkungan serta menentukan pengaruh ukuran partikel batubara dan laju alir steam terhadap penurunan kadar sulfur. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah desulfurisasi oksidatif batubara di dalam Fluidized Bed Desulfurizer menggunakan uap steam. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan perlakuan variasi ukuran partikel batubara yaitu 0,355, 0,600, dan 1,000 mm dan laju alir steam dengan variasi 14,71; 29,44; dan 44,15 L/menit. Sedangkan untuk pengujian/analisa kadar sulfur terhadap batubara sebelum dan sesudah proses desulfurisasi dilakukan menggunakan metode ASTM D4239-18e1. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan perlakuan variasi yang paling optimum yaitu pada sampel 4 dengan variasi ukuran partikel sebesar 0,355 mm dan laju alir sebesar 44,15 L/menit.
Implementasi Pembelajaran PAI di SMPIT Cahaya Hati Bukittinggi dengan Bantuan PPT dan Vidio Pembelajaran
Authors: Safrudin Safrudin , Zakir Supratman , Ikhsan Ilian
Published: February 2024

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode Pembelajaran PAI di SMPIT Cahayati Bukittinggi Sumber data primer dan sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pembelajaran PAI di SMPIT Cahaya Hati Bukittinggi dilaksanakan sesuai kurikulum 2013 dan kurikulum JSIT, di mana penguasaan kemampuan akadamik melalui materi-materi PAI pada buku panduan kurikulum 2013 dan buku PAI JSIT dan pembiasaan praktek ibadah, penanaman niiai-nilai keimanan melalui program Bina Pribadi Islami (BPI) berupa mentoring KeIslaman. Ternyata materi PAI disamping menjadi subjek pembelajaran juga telah menjadi keterpaduan yang diberikan oleh semua guru/ustadz dan ustazah mata pelajaran lain dengan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai keIslaman dan Aqidah kesemua mata pelajaran. Disamping itu pembelajaran tahfidz qur’an selama 10 jam pembelajaran sepekan menjadi warna kekhasan SMPIT Cahaya Hati yang turut membentuk kepribadian dan karakter Islami peserta didik mereka.
Studies on the Use of Unconventional Transport Vehicles and Fuels in the Island of Crete, Greece
Authors: Vourdoubas John
Published: February 2024

Several alternative vehicles and zero-carbon fuels have been developed and used to mitigate climate change, reduce the air pollution in cities and the dependence on oil resources. Their use is necessary for achieving the net-zero emissions target in the next decades. Among these vehicles are electric vehicles and vehicles with ICEs using electricity, hydrogen and bio-fuels of organic origin. The possibility of using alternative vehicles and fuels in Crete, Greece for de-carbonization of vehicles transportation has been examined. The use of electric vehicles equipped with re-chargeable electric batteries, electric vehicles equipped with fuel cells using hydrogen and vehicles with internal combustion engines using bio-fuels has been studied. The required electricity for re-charging electric batteries and for electrolytic hydrogen production can be generated from the abundant local solar and wind energy resources. Taking into account the maturity and the cost-effectiveness of the solar-PV technology as well as the wind turbine’s technology in Crete the use of electric vehicles powered by green electricity is prioritized for the green transition of the transportation sector. Bio-fuels which are used in conventional vehicles are not produced in the island. Each type of the abovementioned vehicles and fuels has several advantages and drawbacks which can accelerate or delay their use in Crete. It has been found that the green transition of vehicles transportation in the island has positive and negative economic impacts to all stakeholders. The results could be useful to policy makers, local authorities and to local stakeholders while they can assist in the development of a plan for de-carbonizing the island by 2050.
From Cultural Labyrinths to Social Transformation: Young Women’s Struggles in Sahndra Fon Dufe’s Yefon: The Red Necklace
Authors: Dasi Eleanor Anneh
Published: February 2024

Women in Africa are negatively affected by cultural practices which impede their social participation and identity formation. Set in the form of defined gender roles, these practices, which are designed to maintain social cohesion, are far from ensuring protection and participation particularly for women. This paper explores, from this background, the intricate journey of young women as they navigate the dual realms of tradition and modernity in Sahndra FonDufe’s (2016) novel, Yefon: The Red Necklace. Central to this exploration is the protagonist’s struggle for identity formation, set against a backdrop of cultural norms and the burgeoning influence of modern ideas. The study delves into how young women confront and reconcile the often conflicting demands of traditional expectations and their aspirations influenced by modern ideals. The study is based on an interpretative analysis built on an African feminist framework to examine how young women in the novel sail through tradition to embrace more fulfilling forms of being. This was done from two critical perspectives - a survey of the practices that hold them captive and an analysis of their move towards social transformation.
Mental health from the perspective of Maharishi Patanjali
Authors:   Researcher, Dr. Harisingh Gaur University, Sagar, M. P., India, Sao Pragya , Sao Dr. Arun Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Dr. Harisingh Gaur University, Sagar, M. P., India
Published: February 2024

वर्तमान युग में मानव जीवन मानव तनाव से भरा है। वह अपने दिनचर्या में इतना व्यस्त है कि स्वयं की मानसिक शांति के लिए वह समय नही निकाल पाता। इतनी व्यस्तता के कारण वह हमेशा परेशान रहता है। उसके अन्दर चिड़चिड़ापन, थकान, नींद में कमी, एकाग्रता में कमी, वजन का कम होना या बढ़ना, आत्मसम्मान में कमी महसूस करना आदि लक्षण परिलक्षित होने लगते है। आधुनिक चिकित्सा पद्धति का सहारा लेने पर हमें भी अच्छा लाभ नहीं मिलता जिससे मानव हताश और निराश होने लगता है। मानसिक स्वास्थ्य का आधार मन जो चित्त का एक भाग है और मानसिक स्वास्थ्य को बनाये रखने में इसकी महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका होती है। आधुनिक चिकित्सा पद्धति में उतनी क्षमता नहीं की वह चित्त (मन) की अतल गहराई में उतर कर मानसिक स्वास्थ्य के मूल जड़ को खत्म कर सके जो अविद्या आदि क्लेशों और वृत्तियों के रूप में होता है। परन्तु योग ऐसा माध्यम है जिसको अपनाकर व्यक्ति अपने मानसिक स्वास्थ्य को सुधारकर पूर्ण स्वास्थ्य को प्राप्त कर सकता है। अर्थात योग से व्यक्ति का सर्वांगीण विकास होता है। योग के आदिवक्ता हिरण्यगर्भ हैं और उन्होंने ही योग के ज्ञान को जनमानस तक पहुँचाने का कार्य किया है, जिसका स्वरूप हमें वेदों, उपनिषदों, पुराणों आदि में देखने को मिलता है। इन्हीं के विभिन्न ग्रंथों में योग के बिखरे स्वरूप को महर्षि पतंजलि ने इकट्ठा किया और उसे एक ग्रन्थ में लिपिबद्ध किया जो पातञ्जल योगसूत्र या योगदर्शन के नाम से जाना जाता है। महर्षि पतंजलि मानसिक स्वास्थ्य की आदर्श स्थिति को बताते हुए कहते हैं - ‘योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोधः‘ अर्थात् चित्त की वृत्तियों का निरोध ही योग है। पातंजल योग सूत्र के भाष्यकार व्यास जी इस सूत्र की व्याख्या करते हुए कहते हैं -‘योगः समाधिः‘ अर्थात् योग ही समाधि है। स्पष्टतः योग ही साधन अर्थात् रास्ता और योग ही लक्ष्य हैं। समाधि की स्थिति में दृष्टा/ व्यक्ति अपने स्वरूप में स्थित हो जाता है और स्वास्थ्य का अर्थ ही है स्व में स्थित होना। यही समाधि की स्थिति मानसिक स्वास्थ्य की आदर्श स्थिति है। इस स्थिति में मानव पूर्ण मानसिक स्वास्थ्य को प्राप्त करता है। कूट शब्द- योग, चित्त, चित्तवृति, क्लेश, समाधि, विवेकख्याति, अभ्यास, वैराग्य ।
Impact of agricultural development on physical, economic and ecological environment in Alwar region.
Authors:   Assistant professor geography, Matsya PG College, Bhanpur, Alvar, Rajasthan, India, Kumawat Ramesh Chandra
Published: February 2024

भारत के राजस्थान में अलवर क्षेत्र अपनी उपजाऊ मिट्टी और अनुकूल जलवायु के कारण एक महत्वपूर्ण कृषि केंद्र है। यह सदियों से गेहूं, सरसों, बाजरा और सब्जियों जैसी फसलों का उत्पादन करने वाला एक प्रमुख कृषि केंद्र रहा है। इस क्षेत्र ने उत्पादकता और दक्षता बढ़ाने के लिए आधुनिक तकनीकों और प्रौद्योगिकियों को अपनाते हुए अपनी कृषि पद्धतियों को विकसित किया है। यह जैविक खेती और जल संरक्षण विधियों जैसी अपनी नवीन प्रथाओं के लिए जाना जाता है, जिन्होंने पानी की कमी जैसी चुनौतियों का सामना करते हुए कृषि क्षेत्र को बनाए रखने में मदद की है। जैविक खेती के विषय एक शोध में कहाहै कि ” जैविक खेती कृषि की वह विधा है, जिसमें मृदा को स्वस्थ व जीवन्त रखते हुए केवल जैव अवषिष्ट, जैविक या जीवाणु खाद के प्रयोग से प्रकृति के साथ समन्वय रखकर टिकाऊ फसल का उत्पादन किया जाता है। जैविक खेती (ऑर्गेनिक फार्मिंग) कृषि की वह विधि है जो संश्लेषित उर्वरकों एवं संश्लेषित कीटनाशकों के अप्रयोग या न्यूनतम प्रयोग पर आधारित है, तथा जो भूमि की उर्वरा शक्ति को बचाये रखने के लिये फसल चक्र, हरी खाद, कम्पोस्ट आदि का प्रयोग करती है। सन् 1990 के बाद से विश्व में जैविक उत्पादों का बाजार आज काफी बढ़ा है। जैविक खेती वह सदाबहार पारंपरिक कृषि पद्धति है, जो भूमि का प्राकृतिक स्वरूप बनाने वाली क्षमता को बढ़ाती है। जैविक खेती किसानों के स्वावलम्बन की अभिनव योजना है। इसका मुख्य उदेश्य किसानों की आय को दोगुना कर जैविक खेती का प्रशिक्षण, प्रोत्साहन, तथा देश में किसानों को स्वावलम्बी बनाना है। 1“ अलवर के कृषि उत्पादों का स्थानीय रूप से उपभोग किया जाता है और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर निर्यात किया जाता है, जिससे इसके आर्थिक महत्व को बढ़ावा मिलता है। अलवर की सरकार ने पहल और सब्सिडी के माध्यम से स्थायी कृषि को सक्रिय रूप से बढ़ावा दिया है, किसानों को जैविक खेती तकनीकों और जल संरक्षण विधियों को अपनाने के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया है। इस शोध पत्र का उद्देश्य अलवर में कृषि विकास, जैव विविधता और सतत विकास के बीच संबंधों की जांच करना है, जिसमें किसानों और क्षेत्र के लिए आर्थिक लाभ को अधिकतम करते हुए पर्यावरणीय प्रभावों को कम करने के लिए कृषि प्रथाओं को अनुकूलित करने पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया गया है मुख्य शब्द- कृषि, कृषि केंद्र , भौतिक, आर्थिक, कृषि विकास, जैव विविधता, उपजाऊ मिट्टी आदि |
Implementation of National Education policy 2020 in the present scenario of Educational institution
Authors:   Research Scholar,  Department of Education,    Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi., Bharati Mrs. Dipra , Pandey Prof. Arvind Kumar ,   Professor, Department of Education,    Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi.
Published: February 2024

Education is the precious jwell of our lives assisting us in all live process by equipping us all round development. Constitution of India put education in concurrent list which is jointly formulated, reformed and implemented by the union and state government. Unfortunately after 75 years of independence education is inaccessible to almost 23% of population and after all efforts government is spend only 4.3% of GDP in education. Education for all is yet to achieve even if being the fundamental right. NEP 2020 is a comprehensive policy visioning all the minute details of present day need. The current status of education and educational institution challenging needed boost up definetly there is tremendous increase in the quantity of educational Institution but the quality is yet to improve to its best level. After 34 year of NEP 1986, the New education Policy touches all untouched area of education where as inclusion is a major aspect of consideration. The implementation of NEP 2020 is done in a phased manner via number of initiatives and programme if implemented properly can change the picture of our nation. This paper focuses on few implementation strategies in the light of current scenario of HEIs. Key word: NEP 2020, Implementation, education, Inclusion.
Serum Level of Immunosuppressants as a Marker of Effectiveness of Pharmaceutical Education in Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Luz Thayse Ventura , Alves Paola Hoff , Muneretto Camila Silva
Published: February 2024

Solid organ transplantation promotes an increase in the quality of life of those with diseases that compromise the functioning of a specific organ, maximizing graft survival and reducing the need for retransplantation is essential. Post-transplant medication adherence is one of the factors that influence positive clinical outcomes, with this, the importance of pharmacotherapeutic follow-up at the hospital and outpatient level with the clinical pharmacist is addressed. Objectives: To verify the impact of pharmacotherapeutic guidance and follow-up on the compliance of serum levels of calcineurin inhibitors in lung and liver transplant patients. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study with adult liver and lung transplant patients using calcineurin inhibitors, aged over 18 years, between 2018 and 2020. The variation index was calculated through the mean and standard deviation of serum levels collected during the index hospitalization, being used to assess the adequacy of serum levels in three different periods. Results: A total of 84 patients were transplanted, including 64 patients (45 liver transplants and 19 lung transplants). In a subgroup analysis, 42.22% of the liver patients and 47.37% of the lung transplant recipients did not have the same serum level in the first post-discharge consultation. After 1 year of transplantation and differentiated outpatient follow-ups, the target serum levels were reached in 63.16% and 77.78% of the studied populations, respectively. Conclusion: The importance of clinical action was demonstrated from the reflection obtained on the adequacy and conformity of serum levels of calcineurin inhibitors, not only at the hospital level but mainly on the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up carried out on an outpatient basis, in which we observed a more expressive value.
Benefits of Kahoot in Improving 7th Grade Junior Highschool English Vocabulary: Classroom Action Research in SMP Hamong Putera Ngaglik
Authors: Mustagis R. Muhammad Satria Gyas , Hijayadi Ramdani , Rufiani Rufiani , Al Mubarok M Teguh , Jamilah Jamilah , Pratiwi Dwiyani
Published: February 2024

This Classroom Action Research investigates the advantages of employing Kahoot, A platform that teaches through games, in expanding one's vocabulary in English among 7th grade junior high school students at SMP Hamong Putera Ngaglik. The study found that Kahoot significantly enhances student improvement, motivation, and learning outcomes. It was observed that the use of Kahoot led to an increase in vocabulary scores, indicating its effectiveness as a learning tool. The study included before being tested, Kahoot! intervention, and a vocabulary post-test. This study examined if Kahoot! could improve 7th-graders' English vocabulary acquisition and retention. The study found that Kahoot! improved pupils' vocabulary scores. Kahoot!'s gamification made learning fun and engaging. The platform's real-time feedback helped students remedy their mistakes, fostering active learning and English language comprehension. Kahoot! may help 7th-grade junior high school students learn English vocabulary, according to one study. To improve vocabulary learning, teachers can use gamification like Kahoot! This study adds to the literature on technology-enhanced learning aids in education.Keywords: Classroom Action Research, Kahoot, Vocabulary
Evaluation of Student Applications Made for Psychological Reasons to a University Hospital Health Center
Authors: Ayhan Başer Duygu , Tunç Seval , Ulusu Umut , Fidancı İzzet , Aksoy Hilal , Cankurtaran Mustafa
Published: February 2024

Objective: With this study, it was aimed to determine the reasons and results of young adults who apply with psychological problems in a primary care institution of a university and to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics.
Method: The descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Sıhhiye Health Center. All students between the ages of 18-35, who were registered in the specified date range in our study, and who came to a psychologist interview at least 3 times at regular intervals were evaluated. In our study, the data of the patients were collected by examining the data forms recorded by the psychologist. The personal data of the patient was not used in the data form.
Results: In the study, 276 applications were evaluated retrospectively. It was observed that 83.3% of the applicants were women, and the mean age was 20.99±2.176. When evaluated in terms of application reasons; it was determined that 35.5% of them applied due to anxiety, stress, obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD] problems, 35.9% of them had communication problems and psychosocial problems. For the treatment of 65.2%, it was decided to follow up with a psychologist [who did not require referral to a psychiatrist]. When the relationship between the outcome of the applications and the reasons for the application is evaluated; 54.8% of mood problems were referred to a psychiatrist and were followed up by a psychologist after the medication was started; it was determined that 51.1% of the patients who applied with communication and psychosocial problems were followed up by a psychologist without the need for referral to a psychiatrist.
Conclusion: As a result, university students have high levels of anxiety, stress, OCD problems, communication problems, and psychosocial problems; it was found that women, those living in dormitories and those with a diagnosis of psychiatric illness applied more frequently. Students should be encouraged to benefit from the health centers, which are created for them, where primary care preventive health care is at the forefront.
Prescribing Drugs to Pregnant Women in Primary Healthcare
Authors: FİDANCI İzzet
Published: February 2024

It is crucial for the health of both the mother and the fetus that drugs are only used during pregnancy when absolutely necessary. While appropriate drugs can be used for appropriate indications during pregnancy, it is preferably recommended not to use medication except for the necessary vitamins. In cases where the drug is to be used, the pregnancy category of the medication to be used should be known for the selection of the appropriate medication. Drugs that we regularly prescribe because they are safe should be high on our list of preferences, and if there is chronic drug use, the use of drugs must be regulated with caution and constantly reviewed for appropriateness.
Postpartum Depression During the Fourth Wave of the Pandemic and Related Factors
Authors: ALPTEKİN Furkan Bahadır , SUCULARLI Eylül , YÜKSEL Semra , GÜÇLÜ Oya
Published: February 2024

Aims: Many studies have shown the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on postpartum depression (PPD) as a stressor. In addition, there have been many changes in the pandemic process, such as vaccination and removal of restrictions. However, few studies have been conducted on the psychological effects of changing conditions. In this study, we aimed to examine the frequency of PPD and the associated sociodemographic–obstetric factors in mothers who gave birth or were in the last pregnancy period in the fourth wave of the pandemic.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 211 women who underwent a postpartum checkup between December 2021 and August 2022. All women had given birth or passed the last part of their pregnancy in the fourth wave of the pandemic. PPD was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). In addition, the authors assessed sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics with a form.

Results: The prevalence of PPD was 22.7% (EPDS cut-off score ≥ 13). EPDS scores were higher in those with inadequate social support, fear of childbirth, or having a past psychiatric illness.

Conclusions: In the late pandemic, the negative effect on PPD does not seem to continue. However, PPD remains a significant public health problem in Turkey. In addition, some sociodemographic characteristics associated with PPD continue to pose risks.
Descriptive Characteristics and Injury Patterns of Earthquake-Related Peripheral Nerve Injuries in the Extremities
Authors: OZEL Mehmet , ALTINTAŞ Mustafa
Published: February 2024

Background/Aims:Due to the prioritization of limb and life-saving efforts by medical teams, peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) resulting from earthquakes are frequently overlooked or receive delayed treatment. Thus, we examined earthquake-related PNIs in terms of their descriptive characteristics and injury patterns
Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively in a tertiary hospital after Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes. The study included victims under rubble admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with PNI according to their medical records between 06 February and 28 February 2023.
Results: The study included 70 patients and a total of 98 limbs with PNIs, with a mean patient age of 22.31±14.91 years. 77.6% (n=76) of PNIs involved the lower limb (68 peroneal and 8 sciatic nerves) and 22.4% (n=22) of PNIs involved the upper limbs (14 radial nerves, 5 ulnar nerves, 2 median nerves, 1 brachial plexus). It was found that 45.9% of PNIs (n=45) occurred in the right and 54.1% (n=53) in the left extremities. The median time under the rubble of the patients was 15 hours (IQR 8.75 - 32 hours). Fasciotomy was treated in 54.1% (n=43) of the extremities with PNI. Fasciotomies were most commonly performed on the cruris (42.9%), foot (26.5%), and thigh (16.3%).
Conclusion: This study found that PNIs occurred most frequently in the lower limbs, compared with the upper limbs, among earthquake victims with CLIs. Lower limb PNIs mainly occurred in the peroneal nerve, while upper limb PNIs mainly occurred in the radial nerve.
The Effect of Subchondral Claw-Deploying Lag Screw on Lateral Sliding Distance and Cut-Out in Treating Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: HOROZ Levent , CAKMAK Mehmet
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The incidence of intertrochanteric fractures has increased in recent years due to the growing elderly population at risk of hip fractures, primarily attributed to osteoporosis. Among hip fractures, the prevalence of intertrochanteric fractures is progressively rising.
Aim: To evaluate clinical and radiological results of the lag screw that deploys the claw in the subchondral area of the femoral head in the treatment of advanced age unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nails between 2019 and 2021. A total of 107 patients were examined under two groups according to the choice of the nail (Interclaw lag screw(n=52), Proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (n=55) used in the treatment. The radiological parameters in the post-operative 1st-day radiographs of the patients were evaluated. The changes in the first month, three, six months, and one-year control radiographs of the patients were evaluated. Changes in tip apex distance and lateral sliding of the lag screw were compared between the two groups.
Result: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding operation time, post-operative femoral neck/shaft angle, post-operative Calcar gap (mm), and tip-apex distance (TAD) (mm). In the last clinical follow-up, the two groups had a statistically significant difference in the femoral neck/shaft angle and TAD change. There was a significant difference in sliding distance between the two groups at the last follow-up.
Conclusion: Using a subchondral claw-deploying lag screw is a reliable implant choice in the surgical treatment of geriatric intertrochanteric fractures. The claw mechanism increases fixation strength and restricts the movements of the lag screw in the femoral head.
Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) and Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Oil on Various Pathogens
Authors: KÖKSOY Hale , RAGBETLİ Cennet
Published: February 2024

Aim: EGCG, the polyphenolic component of Camellia sinesis catechins, and Camellia sinesis extract have broad antimicrobial activity. To investigate the invitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of the Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract.
Method: The present study tested the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract against some gram-negative, gram-positive, and fungal isolates of American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Camellia sinensis extract were determined for each test microorganism. In general, EGCG and Camellia sinensis extract results were found to be compatible. Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity against all test organisms. MIC was determined visually after 16-20 hours of incubation at 37°C according to broth microdilution methods recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
Result: The Camellia sinesis extract and EGCG MIC for gram-positive bacteria was found to be lower than the MIC for gram-negative bacteria and the Camellia sinesis extract MIC for C. albicans was found to be higher than the EGCG MIC.
Conclusions: However, EGCG was found to be more effective on C. albicans isolate than Camellia sinensis extract. Camellia sinesis extract Epigallocatechin gallate and Camellia sinesis extract may be a promising sources of antibacterial and antifungal for further studies.
The Evaluation of In-Hospital Transportation of Emergency Room Critically Ill Patients
Authors: TAHİRLİ Turan , ALTUNCI Yusuf Ali , YALÇINLI Sercan
Published: February 2024

Backround/Aims:The overcrowding of emergency departments, insufficient bed capacity in these units, lack of integrated radiology units, and the distance of other departments and intensive care units from the emergency department make it inevitable to transport patients within the hospital for either short-term or long-term purposes. Patients can be transported at least once for diagnostic and treatment procedures to radiology units, operating rooms, or intensive care units for admission. However, even during short-term patient transport in critical situations, complications may arise.
Methods:This study evaluates the data obtained prospectively by examining the transport information of 588 patients who met the study criteria in an eight-month period in the emergency department of a university hospital in 2020. The study is designed to assess survival, disability, and the safe transport process of critically ill patients transported from the emergency department to hospital imaging, interventional procedures, surgery, and admission units. For statistical analysis of the data, independent sample t-test was used for normally distributed variables, Mann-Whitney U test when the normality assumption was not met, chi-square, ANOVA tests for the comparison of categorical variables. The significance level for all hypothesis tests was set at 0.05.
Results:Of the 588 patients included in the study, 36.9% were female and 63.1% were male, with an average age of 61.9 years. The average transport time for patients transferred for examination, admission, or interventional procedures was 18.5 minutes. 63.3% of the transferred patients sought medical attention during the night shift. During transport, 51.7% of patients experienced problems. Among the issues encountered during transport, 48.3% were related to the system, 27% were related to equipment, and 24.7% were related to human factors. The most common problem, accounting for 23.0%, was waiting in radiology units or corridors for radiology examinations and interventional procedures.
Conclusion:In critically ill patients in the emergency department, the most common transport problems occur when planned examinations take place outside the emergency department. Therefore, the necessity of these requests should be carefully evaluated to reduce complications that may occur during transfer. The physical organization of emergency departments should be designed to facilitate the transfer of critical patients as quickly as possible to prevent problems that arise due to prolonged transfer times.
Psychosocial Loads Caused by Covid-19 Pandemic on Obstetricians and Gynecologists. A Scale Study
Authors: ATEŞ Mete Can , GÜLER Abdül Hamid , ÇİNTESUN Ersin , AVCI Fazıl , BİLGİ Ahmet , AYDIN Memduha , CELİK Cetin
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has caused a worldwide pandemic. The pandemic created a heavy psychological burden on healthcare workers. Healthcare providers in obstetrics and gynecology faced similar challenges.
Aim: This study studied obstetricians' and gynecologists' psychosocial burdens and concerns due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Participants of the study consisted of obstetricians and gynecologists. They reached through social media using the snowball sampling technique. This is a survey and scale study. The researchers created the survey. The survey questioned the demographic characteristics of the participants and the problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, three different scales were applied to the participants: Maslach Burnout Inventory, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21.
Results: The statistically significant difference was found for Maslach Burnout Inventory Personal Achievement and Maslach Burnout Inventory General. Maslach Burnout Inventory Depersonalization and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale scores of the participants working in pandemic hospitals were statistically significantly higher than those not working in these hospitals. According to the MANOVA results, independent variables explained 35% of the variance in the Maslach Burnout Inventory General scale, 51% in the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and 53% in the overall Depression Anxiety Stress Scale.
Conclusion: Healthcare personnel who provide obstetric and gynecologic services have faced unique challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to the difficulties experienced by other healthcare workers.
The Role of Shear Wave Elastography in Predicting Early Stage Liver Fibrosis
Authors: KARAGÜLLE Mehmet , ARSLAN Fatma Zeynep , ÇAKIR Mehmet Semih , MAHMUTOĞLU Abdullah Soydan , İNCİ Ayşe
Published: February 2024

Aim: We examined the relationship between shear wave elastography (SWE) values and histopathological results in our study. Thus, we found the sensitivity of SWE in demonstrating early fibrosis.
Materials and Methods: A total of consecutive 70 patients with chronic hepatitis B were prospectively evaluated. The patients included in fibrosis stages (F) 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 according to Ishak scoring were examined with SWE. SWE measurements of F2, F3 and F4 patients who were found to have early stage fibrosis were compared with those of F0 and F1 patients.
Results: The velocity+SD, and kPa+SD values in the group requiring treatment (F2, F3 and F4) were significantly higher than the group not requiring treatment (F0 and F1 )(p < 0.05). The sensitivity rate of the 1.85 cut-off value for velocity+SD was 53.8%, the positive prediction rate was 80.8%, the specificity rate was 83.3%, and the negative prediction rate was 58.1%. For kPa+SD, the cut-off value of 10.8 had a sensitivity rate of 51.3%, a positive prediction rate of 95.2%, a specificity of 96.7%, and a negative predictive rate of 60.4%. A significant correlation was observed between the fibrosis score and the kPa+SD distribution.
Conclusion: SWE can differentiate the patients requiring treatment (F2, F3 and F4) from the patients not requiring treatment.
Youth Suicides in the Second Wave of the Pandemic in Turkiye
Authors: BENDERLİOĞLU Elif , ÇÖP Esra , KURT Funda , AKÇA Halise , AKCA ÇAĞLAR Ayla , AKCAN YILDIZ Leman
Published: February 2024

Objective: It is widely recognized that the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social isolation have significant short- and long-term effects on mental health worldwide. Previous studies have yielded mixed results regarding the short-term impact on mental health during the first wave of the pandemic. This study aims to investigate the influence of the second wave of the pandemic on suicide rates among children and adolescents.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study recorded cases of self-harm among children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years, who were admitted to our center's pediatric emergency department between November 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021. These cases were compared with those admitted during the same months one year prior, considering similar age groups and diagnoses.

Results: A total of 53 cases were included in our study, with 21 cases occurring before the pandemic and 32 cases during the second wave. While the total number of admissions decreased during the second wave of the pandemic, there was an increase in suicide attempts. Suicide attempts were more prevalent among females, often linked to family or peer-related issues and impulsivity.

Conclusions: The findings of our study highlight the evident long-term adverse effects on mental health during the second wave of the pandemic. To effectively address these consequences in the future, it is crucial to comprehend the devastating long-term impact of the pandemic on mental health.