bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aleurotrachelus trachoides
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: July 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Aleurotrachelus trachoides
(Back). Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae. Hosts: many, including
Solanum
spp., sweet potatoes (
Ipomoea batatas
),
Capsicum
sp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Karnataka, Singapore), Africa (Comoros, Mayotte, Mozambique, Nigeria, Reunion, Tanzania), North America (Mexico, USA, California, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Texas), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Netherlands, Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Brazil, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Colombia, French Guiana, Galapagos Islands, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela) and Oceania (Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Nauru, Tonga).
Phenacoccus parvus
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: July 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Phenacoccus parvus
Morrison. Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae. Hosts: polyphagous. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Hong Kong, Yunnan, India, Karnataka, Meghalaya, Odisha, Indonesia, Sumatra, Israel, Japan, Maldives, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand), Africa (Congo, Egypt, Gabon, Mauritius, Reunion, Senegal, Seychelles), North America (Mexico, USA, Florida), Central America and Caribbean (Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts-Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, French Guiana, Galapagos Islands, Guyana, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay) and Oceania (Australia, Queensland, Cook Islands, Fiji, New Caledonia, Samoa, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands).
Extracellular vesicles from neurons promote neural induction of stem cells through cyclin D1
Authors: Song Lu , Tian Xinran , Schekman Randy
Published: July 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are thought to mediate the transport of proteins and RNAs involved in intercellular communication. Here, we show dynamic changes in the buoyant density and abundance of EVs that are secreted by PC12 cells stimulated with nerve growth factor (NGF), N2A cells treated with retinoic acid to induce neural differentiation, and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) differentiated into neuronal cells. EVs secreted from in vitro differentiated cells promote neural induction of mESCs. Cyclin D1 enriched within the EVs derived from differentiated neuronal cells contributes to this induction. EVs purified from cells overexpressing cyclin D1 are more potent in neural induction of mESC cells. Depletion of cyclin D1 from the EVs reduced the neural induction effect. Our results suggest that EVs regulate neural development through sorting of cyclin D1.
A new perspective on the precipitation sequence in a high-purity Al-1.74 at.% Cu alloy by employing positron annihilation spectroscopy: experiment and theory
Authors: Elsayed Mohamed , Ibrahim Alaa M , Staab Torsten E M , Krause-Rehberg Reinhard
Published: July 2021

We study Al-1.74 at.% Cu as a typical binary model alloy to obtain new information on the precipitation sequence. The alloy has been solution heat treated, rapidly quenched, and then isochronally annealed up to 540 °C. We reveal new effects on the evolution of the precipitation sequence by combining positron annihilation lifetime and coincidence Doppler broadening spectroscopies. Positron parameters do very sensitively respond to changes in the type of precipitates present. We find that in the as-quenched state after exposing the alloy just a few minutes to room temperature GP-I zones containing vacancies inside their copper platelet dominate. They represent about 80% of all detected GP-I zones. At 200 °C GP-II (Θ″) is the dominating type of precipitate. However, the GP-II zones have obviously expelled all structural vacancies on growing from larger GP-I zones. Also the transition from GP-II zones dissolving while precipitates of the Θ′ phase do form at about 250 °C can be clearly observed. The signals support that Θ′ precipitates contain vacancies on their Cu sublattice, since they have to grow in a copper-poor environment. Finally, our signals indicate coarsening of Θ′-precipitates for T > 400 °C and their dissolution until 450 °C. All our experimental results agree well with ab initio theoretical calculations of positron parameters. However, the formation of the equilibrium Θ-phase cannot be observed since these have a too low number density due to their large size.
Fast Calculation of Gravitational Lensing Properties of Elliptical Navarro–Frenk–White and Hernquist Density Profiles
Authors: Oguri Masamune
Published: July 2021

We present a new approach for fast calculation of gravitational lensing properties, including the lens potential, deflection angles, convergence, and shear, of elliptical Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) and Hernquist density profiles, by approximating them by superpositions of elliptical density profiles for which simple analytic expressions of gravitational lensing properties are available. This model achieves high fractional accuracy better than 10−4 in the range of the radius normalized by the scale radius of 10−4–103. These new approximations are ∼300 times faster in solving the lens equation for a point source compared with the traditional approach resorting to expensive numerical integrations, and are implemented in glafic software.
Modeling and numerical experiments of air pollution on a complex terrain.
Authors: Tawinan Ekkachai , Wongkaew Suttida
Published: July 2021

The modeling of air contaminant dispersion extended from the Gaussian plume model is proposed. This model takes onto account the transport of pollutants emitted from open biomass burning located on a complex terrain where the concentration behavior is modeled by the advection-diffusion equation in a stationary frame. In addition, the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of this problem are discussed. The discontinuous Galerkin method is employed for numerical treatments. Especially for numerical experiments, the propagation of air pollutants in the complex terrain areas in Chiang Mai province, Thailand, is investigated. Results of numerical experiments demonstrate the validity of the air pollution dispersion model.
Graph Energy Value Of IEEE-14 Bus System
Authors: Paulraj Jayasimman I , Jenitha G , Gnanavel Chinnaraj C , Joseline Manora J
Published: July 2021

In this Research article the authors investigate minimum domination, neighbor-hood and Laplacian energy value of the line graph of IEEE-14 bus system in electric power networks. This paper presents a graph theoretic approach to solving the problem of placement of observations for the estimation of power system status. Estimation parameters for the IEEE 14 bus system. In this paper, a novel technique based on iterative stability-restricted optimum flow of power is suggested.
THE TOTAL IRREGULAR VALUE FOR DOUBLE LAYERED NEIGHBOURLY IRREGULAR FUZZY CHEMICAL GRAPHS
Authors: Arockia Aruldoss J. , Thamizhselvi S.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, using Neighbourly Irregular Fuzzy Graph and Neighbourly Irregular Chemical Graph, we introduce Neighbourly Irregular Fuzzy Chemical Graphs(NIFCG). We also discuss about the Total Irregular value for Double Layered Neighbourly Irregular Fuzzy Chemical Graphs(NIFCG) using edge cut method.
An investigation of Boolean filter and Boolean pseudofilter over a residuated lattice in multiset and anti-multiset contexts
Authors: Anusuya Ilamathi VS. , Vimala J.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the concepts of multiset Boolean filter, multiset Boolean pseudofilter, anti-multiset Boolean filter, and anti-multiset Boolean pseudofilter are introduced. Also, the relation between multiset Boolean filter(pseudofilter) and some other types of multiset filters(pseudofilters) are given.
Convergence of Fuzzy Neutrosophic Soft Circulant Matrices
Authors: Murugadas P , Kavitha M
Published: July 2021

The iterates of Fuzzy Neutrosophic Soft Circulant Matrices (FNSCMs) under the max-min product is examined right now. It is indicated that on the off chance that the first row of a FNSCM is in decreasing order, at that point the iterates of the circulant converge and on the off chance that the first row is in increasing order, at that point the iterates oscillate.
Adjacency energy of pebbling graphs
Authors: Srinivasan Sakunthala , Shanmugavel Vimala
Published: July 2021

This research paper presents the idea of energy for pebbling graphs. Pebbling is transportation of two pebbles from one vertex (place) to another vertex (place). During transformation, one pebble is lost as toll and only one pebble reaches the end. The lower bounds and upper bounds of energy levels were investigated for various types of simple and undirected graphs through pebbling concept.
Series-Like Iterative Functional Equation for PM Functions
Authors: Suresh Kumar M. , Murugan V.
Published: July 2021

Given a non-empty subset X of the real line and a self map G on X, the functional equation representing G as an infinite linear combination of iterations of a self map g on X is known as the series-like functional equation. The solutions of the series-like functional equation have been studied only for the class of continuous strictly monotone functions. In this paper, we prove the existence of solutions of series-like functional equations for the class of continuous non-monotone functions using characteristic interval.
Modeling and Analysis of Vector-borne Plant Disease with Two Delays
Authors: Stella I R , Srivastav Akhil Kumar , Ghosh Mini
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a non-linear mathematical model is formulated and analyzed to understand the dynamics of plant disease in presence of predators. Here predators act as biological control agent that reduce the vectors carrying the disease pathogen. The mathematical model is formulated using system of delay differential equations by considering two delays. The delays are time taken for the plant to become infected after contagion and time taken for the insect to become infected after contagion. The existence and stability of different equilibria of the model are discussed in detail. The basic reproduction number R
0 is computed. The Routh-Hurwitz criteria is used to investigate the stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium in absence of delay. The stability of endemic equilibrium is also investigated in presence of delay. The occurrence of Hopf-bifurcation is demonstrated by considering the delay as the bifurcation parameter. The critical values of the delays are obtained which preserve the stability of the endemic equilibrium point. The model system shows an oscillatory behavior beyond this critical values of delays. Numerical simulation is also performed to support the analytical results. It is found that biological control has positive impact on reducing the transmission of plant disease.
Predictive Model on Determinants of Child Mortality Using Multiple Regression Analysis
Authors: Sonawane M A , Tayade A Y
Published: July 2021

Child mortality is one of the important factors to reflect sustainable development for any nation. It is common sense now that child mortality rate depends on medical services platform and its quality. To predict model under-five child mortality rates in India, multiple linear regression analysis was used. Identifying the factors that affects the under-five child mortality. To examine the relationship between all the variables along with recognize the problem of multicollinearity in the variables. In this study our fitted multiple linear regression model found that under five child mortality rates in India are influenced by tuberculosis case detection rate, measles death rate and hepatitis immunization rate. To choose appropriate model ACI score is used.
High Utility Mining of Streaming Itemsets in Data Streams
Authors: Bokir Abdullah , Narasimha V B
Published: July 2021

The traditional models for mining frequent itemsets mainly focus on the frequency of the items listed in the respective dataset. However, market basket analysis and other domains generally prefer utility obtained from items regardless of their frequencies in the transactions. One of the main options of utility in these domains could be profit. Therefore, it is significant to extract items that generate more profit than items that occurs more frequently in the dataset. Thus, mining high utility itemset has emerged recently as a prominent research topic in the field of data mining. Many of the existing researches have been proposed for mining high utility itemset from static data. However, with the recent advanced technologies, streaming data has become a good source for data in many applications. Mining high utility itemset over data streams is a more challenging task because of the uncertainty in data streams, processing time, and many more. Although some works have been proposed for mining high utility itemset over data streams, many of these works require multiple database scans and they require long processing time. In respect to this, we proposed a single-pass fast-search model in which we introduced a utility factor known as utility stream level for tracing the utility value of itemsets from data streams. The simulation study shows that the performance of the proposed model is more significant compared with the contemporary method. The comparison has been performed based on metrics like process-completion time and utilized search space.
Development A Portable Solar Energy Measurement System
Authors: Atika Z. , Leow W.Z. , Iszaidy I. , Irwan Y.M. , Safwati I. , Irwanto M. , Wafi N.M. , Saw S. X.
Published: July 2021

This project presents the design and development a portable measurement device for measure and monitor solar panel parameters by using Internet of Things (IoT) concept. Solar energy measurement plays a very important role in the measurement of parameter reading for the determination of output generated, but the challenge is only performed manually at the work site using a clamp meter or a multimeter. Furthermore, it was very difficult to get the value at that time, and the data recovery error occurred. There are three specific objectives have been used for the project. Firstly, the relevant circuits for this project are design and built the circuit by using software. The output of the measurement solar irradiance, ambient temperature, solar panel temperature, current and voltage value were displayed on LCD. Next, IoT concept is used for solar panel measurement and monitoring. The value of the measurement and monitoring is used ThingSpeak cloud and ThingView application on the smartphone. It can be collected the portable solar for the energy measurement system can monitor on site, anywhere and anytime using IoT platform.
The Effect of Meditation on Brain Relaxation Incorporating Different Physiological Activities
Authors: Nabilah A R Nurul , Azami S Khairul , Dafhalla A K Y , Adibah M R Huda , Naimah Y
Published: July 2021

Anxiety and depression have become such a widespread illness. It has been affecting people’s health which can lead to suicidal tendencies. Studies related to depression and stress with the nervous system had been conducted and showed that slow music could be one of the methods to reduce stress. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is found to have potentials to detect brainwave signal as in real time data as well as history data through Bluetooth wireless communication. All the signals utilized in this paper are obtained from few experiments done, which contains of various physiological activities done by the volunteers. The features of EEG signal then will be extracted using EEG recorder. Based on the experimentation result, it can be observed that different physiological activities will result in different dominant brainwave signal. For sitting at rest, shows alpha wave dominant compared to others. For the second physiological activity which is listening and reciting the zikr, shows delta wave is the most dominant compared to alpha, beta, theta, and gamma and for walking in the park showed presiding in beta wave. As for the benchmarking, all the three physiological activities were compared to know which brainwave is the most ascendant. In addition, this study is a better alternative to the current approaches since it proves that zikr will change a person state of brain to be more relax and calming. Thus, the research will propose a study of the effect of brainwave on brain relaxation in corporation with different physiological activities to help anxiety and stress patient to relax and stay calm.
Strength of Yukawa Potential for Elementary Masses Less than Meson Mass
Authors: Karki Bhishma , Dhobi Saddam Husain , Gautam Narayan , Alzuhairi Mohammed , Shrestha Arun Kumar
Published: July 2021

Study of uncorrected and corrected Yukawa Potential show that at both Yukawa potential have same nature but strength is different. The strength of uncorrected Yukawa potential is identical at short range while corrected Yukawa potential strength is not identical at short range. Moreover, the strength of uncorrected and corrected Yukawa potential has the same strength at long distances when separated from each other. Uncorrected Yukawa potential is study gives more detail at a short distance while corrected not give such detail at the same distance, for considered elementary particles masses less than the mass of meson. The solution of corrected Yukawa potential show depends upon the quantum number and distance separation between two elementary particles masses less than meson.
The application of total mixed ration with iso protein and different TDN levels on the productivity of Simmental crossbred cattle
Authors: Nuswantara Limbang Kustiawan , Sunarso  , Christianto M.
Published: July 2021

The objective of research was to know the levels of digestibility and fermentability between breeders feed and iso-protein-based feed. A randomized Complete Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications based in the iso-protein with different levels of Total Digest Nutrient (TDN) was employed. Research on amber hay and concentrate combined into “Complete Feed” was conducted. The treatment with T0 = Complete feed (6% CP+ 60% TDN), T1 = Complete (12% CP+ 60% TDN), T2 = Complete feed (12% CP+63% TDN), T2 = Complete feed (12% CP+ 66% TDN) and T4 = Complete feed ((12% CP+ 69% TDN) was given. The parameters observed were dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), volatile fatty acid (VFA), NH3, dry matter intake, CP intake, TDN intake, daily weight gain (DWG), and feed efficiency. The result of complete feed application on Simental Crossbreed Intake of DM T0 and T2 was significantly different, but the CP intake and DWG was not significantly different. TDN intake, conversion, and feed efficiency of feed T0 to all treatments were significantly different (P <0.05). Feeding is recommended using CP 12% and TDN 63% (T2). The results showed that vitro feed analysis was not significantly different (P> 0,05%) in terms of DMD, OMD, NH3 and VFA values.
Improvement of plant growth and production of sweet corn with organic-N and nature-P enriched manure and inorganic fertilizer in Batang District of Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Lukiwati Dwi Retno , Yafizham (late)  , Slamet Widyati
Published: July 2021

Crop productivity is affected by organic and inorganic fertilizer. Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharatta) is used under crop-livestock system (CLS) in Indonesia. The characteristic of CLS is crop yield for food, stover and cornhusk for livestock feed, and dung (i.e. cattle, goat, poultry) for manure as organic fertilizer. Organic-N (Leucaena leucocephala) and nature-P (rock phosphate) enhanced the quality of manure if added at the initial fermentation process that was called manure plus. Present study investigated the effect of organic-N and nature-P enriched manure application on plant growth and sweet corn production, stover and cornhusk production in Batang District of Central Java. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with seven treatments and four replicates, T1 (SA+TSP), T2 (cattle manure+inorganic), T3 (cattle manure plus), T4 (goat manure+inorganic), T5 (goat manure plus), T6 (poultry manure+inorganic), T7 (poultry manure plus). The results showed that plant height and sweet corn production, stover and cornhusk production significantly affected by the treatment. Goat manure plus resulted in similar on plant growth and sweet corn production compared to manure+inorganic fertilizer. It was concluded that N-Leucaena leucocephala and P-RP enriched manure replaces inorganic fertilizer (SA+TSP).
Increasing the capacity and adoption of certified citrus seedling producers towards recommended technology for disease-free certified citrus seedling production in Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan
Authors: Zamzami Lizia , Endarto Otto , Hanif Zainuri , Taufiq Ratule M.
Published: July 2021

Citrus nursery is one of the upstream sectors that is significant to support citrus agribusiness in Sambas regency as citrus production center area in West Kalimantan. Several programs have been conducted to increase the capacity and technology adoption of disease-free certified citrus seedling producers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the implementation of technology support for disease-free certified citrus grafted seedling production through mentoring programs to increase the knowledge and skill capacity of the seedling producers, as well as to evaluate the adoption level of the certified citrus seedling producers towards the recommended technology for disease-free certified citrus seedling production in Sambas Regency. The mentoring programs were carried out by training and establishing a model of citrus Bud-stick Multiplication Block. The evaluation of the adoption level of recommended technology was carried out by conducting surveys before and after the mentoring programs. The adoption evaluation of the recommended technology components comprised of the use of polybags during the whole production process, sowing rootstock seeds correctly, nucellar selection, transplanting, the use of bud-stick from Bud-stick Multiplication Block, Grafting and optimum maintenance. The evaluation results indicated that several technology components got an increase in the adoption rates after the completion of the mentoring programs. However, there were still few technology components that did not experience changes in the rate of adoption.
Antibacterial activity of essential oils from twenty Curcuma aeruginosa genotypes
Authors: Nurcholis W. , Kurniatin N. , Aska N.S.N.
Published: July 2021

Curcuma aeruginosa is a rhizome-like medicinal plant with many pharmacological properties. This research aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity in essential oils from C. aeruginosa genotypes. Using hydrodistillation process, essential oils were acquired from twenty genotypes of C. aeruginosa rhizomes. Antibacterial activity of the samples has been evaluated using agar disk diffusion against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutants. Using the broth dilution process, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured for the selected bacteria. Twenty C. aeruginosa genotypes (excluding the G4, G8, G14 and G20 genotypes) demonstrated antibacterial activity against S aureus with varying levels of inhibition. The genotype G15 showed inhibition against E. coli, while the genotype G1, G2, G4, G12 and G16 presented inhibition against S mutants. These findings revealed that, compared with E. coli and S mutants, the essential oils of C. aeruginosa exhibited good antibacterial activity in S aureus. The MIC and MBC of twenty essential oils of C. aeruginosa genotypes against S aureus ranged from 7.81 to 2000 |ag/ml and 250 to 2000 |ag/ml, respectively. These findings suggest that the essential oils of C. aeruginosa may be used as a natural antibiotic to treat many infectious diseases caused by gram-positive bacteria.
Segregation ratio and heritability of agronomic character in yardlong bean F2 population
Authors: Kusmiyati Florentina , Anwar Syaiful , Jamiati Urip , Herwibawa Bagus
Published: July 2021

Yardlongbean is very popular vegetable in Indonesia. Genetic variability can be induced by crossing two parental. The segregation ratio in Fn generations specify whether the progeny have attained homozygosity or still in process of segregation. Heritability is the genetic variability degree which may be inherited to the progeny. The aim of the research was to determine segregation ratio and heritability of agronomic character from crossing of red immature pod and whitish green immature pod of yardlong bean. F2 population and their parental were planted at Agrotechnopark, located in Tembalang – Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Chi square test for suitability normal distribution. Broad sense heritability was also calculated. The results showed that frequency of character plant height, number of leaf, pod length and sweet taste follow a normal distribution, while the frequency distribution of pod weight did not follow normal dstribution. Segregation ratio of pod weight was 12 : 3 : 1. Number of leaf and pod length had low broad sense heritability.
Development of lemon basil essential oil as a natural chicken meat preservative
Authors: Hamad A , Djalil A D , Dewi D Y S , Hartanti D
Published: July 2021

Lemon basil(Ocimum × africanumLour.) is potentially developed into a natural food preservative as its antimicrobial activities have been proven against food-borne microorganisms. This study is designed to evaluate the preservation potential of lemon basil essential oil (EO) on chicken meat during 12 days of refrigerated storage. The steam-water distillation and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) techniques were used to extract and analyse chemical constituents of lemon basil EO, respectively. The microbial growth inhibitory activity was determined by the OD 600 nm-based indirect method, while the physical characters of the meat were organoleptically observed. A total yield of 0.20% lemon basil EO was obtained, which contained 38 compounds with neral, geranial, caryophyllene oxide, and α-bisabolene as main constituents. The optimum preservation effects were shown by lemon basil EO at a concentration of 625 ppm, which significantly decreased the microbial growth on the meat and delayed meats deterioration for six days. The preservation effects of lemon basil EO was likely related to the high fractions of aldehyde compounds in it.
Physic-chemical characteristics of porang and iles-iles flour used several process production techniques
Authors: Herawati H , Kamsiati E , Budiyanto A , Maruji S
Published: July 2021

Porang and iles-iles are plants that are widely cultivated in Indonesia. Porang and iles-iles are tubers that contain high levels of glucomannan. Several characteristics of porang and iles-iles flour can be analyzed to meet the required quality standards as well as the required physico-chemical characteristics. The purpose of this research activity is to research the effect of the types and stages of treatment on the physico-chemical characteristics of the porang and iles-iles flour produced. The research method includes: testing the implementation of several stages of the stripping treatment, soaking techniques and drying methods, analyzing the physic-chemical characteristics of the porang flour and the resulting iles-iles. Based on the analysis, the highest levels of glucomannan were obtained in the porang flour treatment method, soaking a combination of sodium bisulfite and ethanol for 2 hours with a glucomannan content of 66.89%. The best treatment (PPlSmE2O) has color characteristics with an L value of 96.21, a value of -0.81 and b of 16.71 with a viscosity of 978.85 cP. Further research is needed regarding the optimization of the increase in glucomannan content and further viscosity.
Strengthening Archipelago Food Security And Food Sovereignty in ENT – Indonesia
Authors: Ngongo Yohanis , Kotta Noldy , Matitaputty Procula Rudlof
Published: July 2021

In the semi-arid archipelago region of East Nusa Tenggara (ENT), food security and sovereignty have been long discourse and challenge. During 2019, drought and recent locust invasive have deteriorated and destabilize food security in the region. The Pandemic Covid-19 affects inter-islands transportation, agribusiness and remittances that limit people’ access to food. This paper explores food crops diversity in the semi-arid region and how it can be managed to minimize impact of pandemic’ disruption. We critic the policy of “business scale” to be implemented in the mosaic and marginal environment and provides dialogue of “small but secure” grounded in the Indigenous Knowledge. “Development started from periphery” as a new paradigm in National development should also gain momentum in shaping agricultural development in archipelago, strengthening food security and sovereignty and limited or minimize escalating impact of pandemic. Limited access to the global food market during pandemic should be a good lesson learnt in promoting and developing indigenous/local food crops, keeping its diversity and conserving natural resources.
Physicochemical properties of steak made of post laying hen breast meat thawed using various methods
Authors: Setiani B E , Dwiloka B , Pramono Y B , Arroyan T N , Mardhika H , Puspitoasih A D
Published: July 2021

Meat that has been undergoing the thawing process could affect the quality of a processed meat being produced such as steak. The study aims to know the effect of different thawing method of steak produced from post laying hen breast meat on pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity, hardness, fat content and also protein level, profile and the microstructure. This research was conducted using completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications T0 as a control, without freezing and thawing treatment; T1 by immersing frozen meat in water at ± 20°C; T2 with water flowing at ± 30°C; T3 with immersing frozen meat in water at ± 40°C (water bath). The pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity, hardness, fat, crude and dissolved protein content was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a 95% significance, furthermore Duncan’s Multiple Range Test was utilized to determine the significant difference among results. Protein profile was characterized by SDS-PAGE which was carried out using standard methods while the microstructure was assessed using SEM testing. The research indicated that thawing treatment by immersing the meat in water at 20°C produced the most optimum physicochemical properties of steak made of post laying hen breast meat.
Characteristics of various flour and gluten free noodles from Indonesian local food
Authors: Herawati Heny , Kamsiati Elmi
Published: July 2021

Indonesia is an Agricultural Country, has very varied local food potential and also has the potential to be developed further. One of the potentials for local food development in Indonesia is local food flour. In general, noodles are made with wheat flour as raw material, where wheat is a producer of wheat flour. To produce gluten free noodles, can use raw materials from flour that come from local food in Indonesia. The purpose of this study to characterize gluten free flour and noodles from local food ingredients in Indonesia. The research method was carried out in stages such as: processing flour, characterizing local flour, processing gluten free noodles and characterizing gluten free noodle products with local flour raw materials. Based on the research results, the protein and fat content of hanjeli (Coix lacyma-Jobi L.)flour was higher, namely 14.30% and 2.58% compared to other flours. Meanwhile, the highest peak viscosity of the local flour was in the form of cassava (Manihot esculanta)flour at 3063 cP. Based on the characteristics obtained, local flour can be processed into gluten free noodles which can prospectively be further commercialized.
Production of sweet sorghum liquid sugar in the first ratoon harvest
Authors: Antu Muhammad Yusuf , Najamuddin Erwin , Rosanty Erni , Moko Hasyim Dj , Nur Amin
Published: July 2021

Sorghum is a multipurpose food crop commodity. One of the benefits is by utilizing the stalks which contain sweet juice which can be processed into liquid sugar. This processed product in the form of liquid sugar from the sweet sorghum plant has the potential to meet the needs of the healthy sugar industry in the future. This study aims to determine the production of sweet sorghum plant liquid sugar in the first ratoon harvest. The research was arranged in the form of a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor consisted of two levels, namely Numbu Varieties and Super 1 Varieties. The second factor consisted of three levels, namely the storage time of sorghum stalks for 0, 3, and 6 days. The results showed that the best treatment was found in the treatment of sorghum stalks of the Numbu variety which were stored for 3 days with 35.4% yield of juice, liquid sugar with 44.01% reduced sugar content, 77.25% liquid sugar Brix content, and 3 flavor organoleptic results, taste 3.81 (like), aroma 3.50 (like), and color 3.72 (like).
Functional properties comparison of hide buffalo gelatin and commercial bovine gelatin as clarifying agent for the tropical fruit juice
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Priyo Bintoro V. , Legowo Anang M , Setiani Bhakti Etza
Published: July 2021

The extraction process and skin type would be affected on functional properties of gelatin, particularly on the interaction between oil and water. The present study reports the functional properties comparison of hide buffalo (bubalus bubalis) gelatin (HBG) and commercial bovine gelatin (CBG) as clarifying agent for the tropical fruit juice. Hide gelatin had been extracted for 4 hours using 0.5 M NaOH and 0.9M HCL and then sieved and dried at 50-55°C for 48 hours. The analyzed of water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC) and hidrophilic lipophilic balance were then applied into HBG and CBG. The tropical fruit juice which was using those HBG and CBG as clarifying agent were then applied for turbidity, pH and Total solid analysis for physical properties. There were no significant differences for WHC and OHC properties between HBG and CBG application of clarifying agen in tropical juice. Furthermore, for the Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance result of HBG (14.28±0.13) was revealed higher (P<0.05) than CBG (10.55±0.61). It can be concluded that hide buffalo gelatin has a proper ability as a clarifying agent in apple and star fruit juice to increase the purity or clarity of fruit juice without reducing its main nutrients.
Application of critical control points with the scoring method in the flavoring industry in Indonesia
Authors: Pramono Yoyok Budi , Narastyawan Anggoro Ryski
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study is to evaluate of application of critical control points (CCP) with the scoring method in the the flavoring industry. Application of CCP in food industry is very important to maintain food safety in the product. To obtain data, the observation in flavoring food industry, interviews, recording, and literature study were conducted by comparison of scoring method that has been prepared. The conclusions from this research were the scoring method could be used to improve food safety and to make easier to implementation of critical control points in the flavoring industry.
Chemical and microbiological properties of buffalo milk kefir with different starter concentrations
Authors: Rizqiati H , Nurwantoro  , Susanti S , Surya K R A , Prayoga M I Y
Published: July 2021

The research aims to determine the effect of kefir grain starter concentration on alcohol content, total dissolved solids and total buffalo milk kefir microbes and to find out whether these parameters are in accordance with predetermined standards. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments given were (T1) kefir grain starter concentration of 2.5%, (T2) 5% kefir grain starter concentration, (T3) kefir grain starter concentration of 7.5%, and (T4) concentration 10% kefir grain starter. The parameters observed were alcohol content, total dissolved solids and total microbes. Data from the test results were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test with a significance level of 5% and if there is a difference then proceed with the Duncan test. Kefir grain starter concentration has a significant effect (p<0,05) on alcohol content, total dissolved solids and total microbes. The more concentrations of kefir grain, the alcohol content and total microbes increase. The more concentration of kefir grain, the more total dissolved solids decreases, with the optimal amount of kefir grain starter concentration is 7.5%.
Color appearance and chemical characteristic of vacuum fryer cooked Pemalang typical snack ogel-ogel
Authors: Susanti S , Murni M , Silviana A , Arifan F
Published: July 2021

Ogel-Ogel which are Pemalang typical snacks so far have been less able to full fill the Indonesian National Standard on the quality of extruded snacks (SNI-01-2886-2015) due to their conventional frying techniques (manual deep frying). This study was aimed to evaluate the color appearance and chemical characteristics of Ogel-Ogel as a result of the application of the automatic frying system with a vacuum technique (vacuum frying) in the production process. The results show that Ogel-Ogel fried by the vacuum frying technique had a significantly brighter color display with lower in the fat content and TBA value, while protein content was higher compared to deep frying techniques. Meanwhile other chemical characteristics such as water content, carbohydrates, and ash did not show significant differences as a result of different frying techniques. Thus Ogel-Ogel as a Pemalang typical snack cooked with a vacuum fryer has a brighter color display with chemical characteristics that are more in line with SNI as an extruded snack. Thus, it has a potency to be the featured product from Pemalang area.
Increasing rice production: a proposed strategy during and after Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Sunandar N , Sirnawati E , Ramdhani M
Published: July 2021

The covid-19 pandemic has many impacts on human live. One of them is a disruption of food supply and distribution from the centre production to intermediate and end users. Whereas the assurance of sufficient rice as a staple food at household, local, regional and national levels, is very crucial. One of strategies to increase national rice production in the current situation is trough intensification. This study was conducted based on National Statistical Bureau’s data of production and rice planting in year 2000. Data were analyzed statistically and classified all production areas (administrative basis) into high or low category. The analysis showed that there were six provinces in category high productivity including Jakarta; with Bali as the highest productivity of 60.78 kw/ha. Meanwhile 28 other provinces in low productivity with Babel as the lowest of 28.56 kw/ha. Furthermore, there were 239 districts in category of low production and 210 in high production. Accordingly, the intensification should focus on the low cluster production areas. Adjustment of government budget as a stimulus for rice production during and after covid-19 should reoriented as a special treatment and does not depend on National Deliberation of Agricultural Development Plan (Musrenbang).
Has The sweet pepper value chain benefitted farmers? a case study in Pasuruan Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Haryati Novi , Citraresmi Ardaneswari Dyah Pitaloka , Febriana Riski Sofia
Published: July 2021

Sweet pepper farmers in Indonesia produce such a potential amount that contributes to the need of export and domestic demands. The high potency of sweet pepper development can be supported by farmers in Pasuruan, East Java. However, they are still in a low level of welfare as they always get the lowest income in every agricultural commodity value chain activities. This study aimed to understand: 1) feasibility analysis by farmers, 2) actors involved in sweet paper chain activities; and 3) its value chain analysis. The sampling technique used was non-probability approach with purposive method. Primary data was obtained by interviewing value chain actors. Data analysis was carried out in descriptive quantitative to analyze the costs and revenues of farming, to describe the value chain that was formed and to count the added value by using Hayami Method. The feasibility analysis showed that sweet pepper conducted by farmer in Pasuruan is feasible. There were 6 value chains which actors are farmers, middleman, wholesaler, retailer, collector, and consumers. Most respondent did 2 types of chain and among all of them, the biggest added value added was provided by farmers.
Effectiveness of the national love fruits campaign program on Indonesia consumption fruits
Authors: Hanif Zainuri
Published: July 2021

The level of fruit consumption in Indonesia per capita is strived to be improved with various programs. In addition to increasing production, the national love fruits campaign (NLFC) program is also carried out. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of the program in various regions. Survey locations throughout Indonesia spread over 63 cities/regencies. Survey subjects are those who have accessed the Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI). The number of respondents taken in this study was 237. Sampling was obtained by filling out the questionnaire by the voluntary sampling method. Based on the results of the logistic regression analysis, it can be concluded that the NLFC program has not had a large impact on the community because there are still many people who do not yet know of the campaign program. The logistic regression analysis results explained that the most influential variables to determine whether someone regarding the NLFC program were the P10 variable (paying attention to the distribution and value chain of fruits) and P12 (knowing most of the fruit circulating in Indonesia). The results of this study provided input for further program improvements.
Agribusiness development strategy farms dairy cattle in efforts to improve milk productivity in Central Java
Authors: Mukson  , Handayani Miggie , Setiyawan Heri , Prasetyo Agus Subhan
Published: July 2021

The productivity of dairy cattle farming has been low and it has an impact on the supply of domestic milk. Milk imports continue to increase reaching 75% and the remaining 25% was met from domestic production. The study’s aim was to analyze local resource development strategies of dairy cattle farming in Central Java. The study was conducted by survey and observational methods. The determination of location was taken by purposive sampling in Semarang and Boyolali District. Samples of farmers were taken by simple random sampling from 10 dairy farmers groups. There were 120 respondents. In addition, this study had 15 key Informants to add validity to the data. Data collection was done by interview and focus group discussion (FGD). Meanwhile, the data analysis methods used were descriptive quantitative and qualitative. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to formulate strategies for developing dairy cattle farming. The results showed development strategy needs to be considered were human resources, local resources and capital of priority scale. Furthermore, the main actors who need attention were the Village Unit Cooperation (KUD), Government, and The Indonesian Association of Milk Processors (IPS).
Development strategy to improve beef cattle business in Pati Regency
Authors: Nurdiansyah Aldhony , Setiadi Agus , Gayatri Siwi
Published: July 2021

Most of beef cattle farmers in Pati Regency are dominated by smallholder farming system. The research was conducted to determine the alternative strategies for the development of beef cattle business in Pati Regency. Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) was used in this research for data collection. Based on the results, FGDs had benefit to formulate strategies in order to increase beef cattle sector in Pati Regency based on stakeholder’ perspective. Beef cattle sector in Pati Regency had opportunity to develop to improve productivity and able to compete with import product from other country. It had availability of feed resources by mix farming system practices between crop and livestock production. In order to support smallholder farmers, government need to plan long term strategies such as open access to capital, build partnership to improve marketing system as well as regulate production system and processing of beef product.
Factors affecting the effectiveness of farmers’ group in Rembang Regency
Authors: Rahmawati Arini N. , Satmoko Sriroso , Gayatri Siwi
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to analyze the influence of social factors, such as: social capital, leadership style, the role of extension agents and group cohesiveness toward the effectiveness of farmers’ group functions in Rembang Regency. The research location was determined by purposively. Respondents were selected by three cluster stages. There were 155 respondents. The regression analysis shows that social capital, leadership style, group cohesiveness, and the role of extension agents simultaneously and partially had significant influence toward the effectiveness of farmers’ group functions. Farmers’ group functions include: enhancing learning process, facilitating cooperative action and networking, and delivering assistance for production unit. It recommends to find activities to motivate farmers to joining farmers’ group. Moreover, it is also important to maximize the role of agricultural extension agents by providing training skill.
Study on short-term prestress loss of bridge reinforced with large diameter carbon fiber bars
Authors: Guocheng Tao , Ping Zhuge , Deyong Lin , Tian Zeng
Published: July 2021

At present, the technology of strengthening bridge with prestressed CFRP bars is gradually rising, so it is necessary to study the law of prestress loss. In order to evaluate the short-term prestress loss of prestressed carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP) bars, the prestress loss of CFRP bars used for reinforcement of reinforced concrete beams was studied by combining laboratory tests with practical reinforcement projects. The anchorage loss, concrete elastic compression loss of CFRP bars were obtained by measuring the prestressed loss data of CFRP bars used to strengthen retired old beams and corresponding theoretical calculation. Then, combined with the corresponding loss data of 6 prestressed CFRP bars in the actual strengthening project of Wenzhou Lijing Middle Bridge, the experimental investigation was carried out. The results show that the prestress loss of CFRP bars is between 4%∼8%, and develops rapidly in the early stage, among which the anchorage loss accounts for 45.90%. The anchorage retraction value is about 1.33mm, and the elastic compression loss of concrete is basically negligible.