bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Papercrete and Recipanel as Wall Material: An Environmental Sustainability Review
Authors: Pangestika Annisa Widya , Dewi Ova Candra , Salsabila Nisrina Dewi
Published: November 2021

This study aims to review the relation between papercrete and recipanel (wall materials from recycled paper) with indicators of material sustainability in environmental aspects. Recycling paper into wall material is one of the ways to overcome the increasing amount of paper waste in Indonesia. Waste recycling is related to the concept of sustainability, namely the triple bottom line of the concept of sustainability. A literature review of waste management, recycled paper, and recycled paper as wall material were conducted in terms of environmental sustainability. This study was conducted by integrating the theoretical understanding of waste, walls, wall material products from recycled paper and discussion of its impact in terms of the sustainability of recycled paper as alternative wall material. From this study, it was found that the relationship between the characteristics of papercrete and walls on the sustainability of recycled paper brought forward four positive values and two negative values. Meanwhile, the relation between recipanel and wall characteristics on the sustainability of recycled paper carries four positive values and two negative values. Thus, the recycled paper used as wall material with examples of papercrete and recipanel products may still be suitable for use as wall material in Indonesia. Suggestions resulted from this study that might be implemented in the future are to increase the durability of materials derived from recycled paper and to conduct studies that discuss wall materials derived from recycled paper from social and economic aspects in terms of sustainability.
Evaluation of Building Vulnerability to Earthquake Using Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) Method
Authors: Dwi Pratama Andhika Ronald , Soetjipto Jojok Widodo , Krisnamurti Krisnamurti
Published: November 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries prone to earthquakes. One of the earthquake disasters that occurred several years ago hit Palu and Donggala on September 28, 2018. It caused severe damage to infrastructure. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate buildings vulnerable to earthquakes as a form of prevention. One of the buildings in Jember, the dr. Soebandi hospital, experienced cracks in the walls during an earthquake measuring 6.0 on the Richter scale in Nusa Dua Bali on July 16, 2019. This study carried out the risk assessment of the vulnerability of buildings to earthquakes using the Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) method from FEMA P-154. RVS is a method to identify a building that is potentially vulnerable to earthquake hazards based on visual observations from the exterior and interior of the building. The results of the evaluation using the RVS method showed that the dr. Soebandi hospital is categorized as safe and not prone to earthquakes, with a potential vulnerability percentage of 0.0126%. Based on these results, the building does not require special treatment to anticipate earthquakes; however, maintaining the occupants' safety and extending the building's life requires routine maintenance.
Ukrainian regulatory policy’s target priorities to ensure decent working conditions in a platform economy
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Pankova Oksana , Kasperovich Olexandr ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The article explores and reveals the key trends in the system of social and labor relations related to the impact of digitalization and the platform economy. These include individualization, increased competitiveness, lack of personal connections and traditional work teams, one-time, short-term and informal relationships. These trends generate a number of challenges and threats to traditional mechanisms for implementing public policy in the social and labor sphere, which are based – at the core – on the fundamental inconsistency of the institutional framework for the functioning of traditional regulatory mechanisms in the field of labor and employment (which are focused on long-term formal employment and stable labor collectives) and the system of social and labor relations, which is formed by the platform economy (which is characterized by informality, short duration and individualization of social and labor relations that arise). That is, the platform economy does not create those subjects on which the traditional system of implementation of state policy in the social and labor sphere is based. The article reveals the essence of the main problems for the traditional regulatory mechanisms of state policy for the development of social and labor spheres that have emerged in the context of the spread of the platform economy. The main emphasis is on transformational changes in the system of social and labor relations; on the problems and opportunities for the formation of mechanisms for representing the collective interests of platform workers and employers; on the regulatory and legal uncertainty of the status and unregulated activities of labor platforms; on the "erosion" of jurisdiction on transnational labor platforms, etc. The main target priorities for ensuring balanced social and labor development in the conditions of platform economy spreading are substantiated. They are: updating the existing system of contractual and state regulation of the social and labor sphere; implementation of modern systems and mechanisms for representing the collective interests of platform workers and employers; implementation of the National Platform for Social Dialogue and Socially Responsible Partnership; ensuring a comprehensive regulatory framework for platforms, development and implementation of policies of state and contractual regulation for the harmonization of socio-economic, labor, digital, neo-industrial and sustainable development in modern conditions.
Modelling an impact of enterprises’ investment activity on the level of a region’s sustainable development using fuzzy logic apparatus
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Korytko Tetyana , Kruk Olena ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The social and economic component of regional development characterizes the processes that take place with the participation of all subjects of a regional economy, which are aimed at achieving economically feasible results while ensuring stable improvement of the level and quality of life of the population. Theoretical and practical issues related to the interconnection of interests, goals and objectives of the social and economic development of systems of different levels are of great importance. It should be noted that the "points of economic growth" in the region are enterprises located in its territory. The potential of their socio-economic development can be revealed through the synergy of interests of the region and enterprises. The mechanism for achieving this can be modeling an impact of enterprises’ investment activity on the sustainable development of the region. The urgency of enhancing enterprises’ investment activity in the region, in particular – in conditions of growing unsustainable market conditions, is obvious, as ensuring the efficiency of their operation and intensification of investment activity is one of the most important functions not only of each enterprise but also the region and the state in general. In industrial regions, the regional government is interested and ready to assist in the enterprises’ upgrading, as it directly faces a lot of problems associated with their low technological level. The use of outdated technologies, physical and moral depreciation of equipment invariably cause a low level of labor productivity, high costs of manufacturing, its low quality, which leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of enterprises in the region. Such enterprises have a negative impact on the environment. All this together affects the level and quality of life of the population, which is a key indicator of the effectiveness of regional authorities. Thus, it can be noted that in modern conditions the emphasis in the transition to investment and innovation development is naturally shifted to the level of regions. Ensuring balanced social and economic development of regions in dynamic conditions of structural and organizational transformations and uncertainty is an crucial, complex and multifaceted problem, for the effective solution of which it is necessary to use effective means of economic assessment of feasibility, effectiveness and risks of socio-economic transformations, as well as appropriate means of assessments and regulations, which should include tools for indicative management.
Personal income taxation in the human capital development incentive
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Vorhach Olena
Published: November 2021

The article substantiates the opportunities for stimulating the human capital development through personal income taxation in Ukraine. The need for constant investments in the human capital for improvement of its quality has been substantiated by conceptual provisions of the human capital theory and empiric researches of its influence on economic growth. The completed analysis of theoretical concepts and practical use of income taxes worldwide allows substantiating the fact that concept of a flat income taxation can be successfully used to promote the human capital development. However, the analysis of income tax systems abroad shows that separate taxation tools for personal income, including tax allowances for education, are more efficient. This is especially typical for developing countries. In estimating investments in the human capital in Ukraine, it is found out that the share of working population with high skills increases against the decreasing actual expenses for higher education. In a meantime, foreign countries demonstrate the other economically correct dependence: the qualification level increases as real expenses to gain it increase. The analysis of real national expenses in Ukraine for one student and in the country in general also demonstrate their decrease. This proves the presence of problems in Ukraine that relate to financing the system of higher education. The methods of economic and mathematical simulation by building and parametrizing a number of functions allowed to substantiate the influence of investments in human education on the increase of the highly skilled labor, which in turn leads to the GDP growth. A scientific and methodical approach has been developed, based on the algorithm that takes into account the influence of the highly skilled labor factor (considering expenses for gaining the qualification) on the GDP level. This approach allows estimating the effectiveness of expenses on tax allowances and expediency of their use to promote investments in higher education in Ukraine. The economic consequences of the human capital development incentive by introducing tax allowances in Ukraine have been estimated. It is established that if the state increases expenses for higher education by granting allowances, the share of working population with high skills increases, thereby causing the GDP to grow by means of increasing employment level. However, it has been found out that the expenses for tax allowances are reimbursed only in the case where investments in fixed assets increase and amount no less than 25 % of the GDP.
Modeling the process of horizontal coordination of decisions at enterprises based on a reflexive approach
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Lohvinenko Bohdan
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the study of the processes of coordination of decisions at enterprises by means of mathematical modeling of the corresponding processes has been substantiated in the paper. The concept of horizontal coordination of decisions at enterprises has been defined. The modeling of the process of horizontal coordination of decisions at an enterprise with the presence of a coordination center at a higher level than the one where the coordination takes place is considered. At the same time, two options for managing the process of coordinating decisions at enterprises with different goals of the coordination center are given. The first case assumes the achievement of the goal of managing a focal point, interested in obtaining reliable information from agents at the level of decision coordination with an employment of a non-manipulated direct mechanism. The second case assumes that the coordination center has a specific management goal in the process of horizontal coordination of decisions at the enterprise. Reflexive control in this case provides for the manipulation of obtaining the result of agreement, which will be as close as possible to a certain fixed value – the control goal of the coordination center. The use of the models of reflexive management of the process of horizontal coordination of decisions at the enterprise, which are given in the article, depends on the existing management goal of the coordination center. The use of appropriate models of horizontal coordination at management levels will help to increase the efficiency of collective decision-making processes at enterprises, which will improve the efficiency of their functioning. A promising direction of research has been defined – modeling the processes of coordinating decisions at different levels of management.
The influences of the "industry 4.0" development on the human capital of the industrial enterprise: foreign
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Russiian Olena
Published: November 2021

The factors and the consequences of the "Industry 4.0" development for the human capital of the industrial enterprise were arranged in this paper. Taking into consideration the limitations of the current approaches the attention was concentrate on such human capital elements, as: education (knowledge and skills), creative abilities, motivation, health, flexibility. The particularity of this investigation is connected with the correlations between the influences of the "Industry 4.0" development on all human capital elements of the industrial enterprise, potential impacts on the educational system, the employment in industry and the labour market. The main factors of the influences of the "Industry 4.0" development on the human capital of the industrial enterprise are such as: cyber physical systems implementation in manufacturing and its automation; work places computerization; implementation and development of advanced smart-technologies and informational systems; agile adaptability to the needs of customers; uprising the new risks for the health of the employees. Furthermore, the enterprise has to know all the answers for the market demand and the ecological situation. The main characteristics of the human capital in the age of "Industry 4.0" are increasing the importance of the creative workers and their motivation; taking into account the individual peculiarities; providing the mobility and flexibility of the employees, the content of job, working hours, places of work. The preservation of health is considered as the key to the working capacity. The human capital development should be made taking into account the influences on physical and mental health of the employees. Such hazards for the human capital of the industrial enterprise were summarized: confidential data losing, forthcoming the new risks for the health of the employees, workers’ creative abilities decreasing, "burnout", inappropriate motivation, etc. The consequences of the "Industry 4.0" development are creating "Education 4.0", remote work and outsourcing development, changing of the employment structure, the content of job, standards of health and safety at work. The prospects for overriding the risks and the consequences of changes should be identified taking into account the particularities of the country technological development, the demographic determinants, the indicators of the labour market, as well as the particular characteristics of the industrial enterprises. It was identified such main global trends against the risks of the "Industry 4.0", as: the flexible labour market development, increasing the efficiency of health and safety at work, STEM and STEAM employees training, commitment to improve the soft skills of workers, taking into consideration the particularities of the economic sectors, the level of the innovation development of the country and its human capital, investments in staff training, etc.
State of intra- and extracranial arteries, white matter and cerebral cortex in asymptomatic hypertensive patients
Authors: Berdalin A. B. , Vishnyakova A. Yu. , Gubsky I. L. , Golovin D. A. , Lelyuk V. G.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To assess the state of intra- and extracranial arteries, white matter and cerebral cortex in asymptomatic hypertensive (HTN) patients according to multimodal examination.

Material and methods. The study included data from 147 asymptomatic individuals (without prior ischemic stroke) with an established HTN (n=43; 29,3%) and without it. All participants underwent extracranial duplex ultrasound, transcranial duplex sonography, detection of middle cerebral artery microembolism, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. We performed a statistical analysis of the data obtained, adjusted for age and body mass index.

Results. In patients with HTN, atherosclerotic plaques were more often detected — 37,2 vs 14,4% on the right (p=0,027) and 41,9 vs 13,5% on the left (p=0,001). In these patients, intima-media abnormalities and common carotid artery narrowing were also more common. Regional temporal lobe atrophy (p=0,044 on the right and p=0,046 on the left), central atrophy (p=0,045), focal periventricular white matter abnormalities (p=0,004) were more pronounced in hypertensive patients. There was no association between HTN and the presence of cerebral microbleeds, as well as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score.

Conclusion. In asymptomatic hypertensive patients relative to those without HTN, with comparable body mass index and age, head arterial abnormalities are more pronounced, but this regards only large ones — the common carotid artery. In these patients, more pronounced white matter and cerebral cortex changes were revealed.
Stroke risk assessment in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation to consider performing pre-cardioversion transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Mazur E. S. , Mazur V. V. , Bazhenov N. D. , Orlov Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the potential of stroke risk assessment to evaluate the probability of detecting left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) to consider performing transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before cardioversion.

Material and methods. TEE before elective cardioversion was performed in 590 patients with persistent AF, of whom 316 (53,6%) had a high stroke risk (valvular AF, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, CHA2DS2-VASc score >1 in men and >2 in women), and 274 (46,4%) — not high. Adequate anticoagulation at least 3 weeks prior to elective cardioversion was received by 164 (51,9%) patients with a high stroke risk and 151 (55,1%) patients with a low risk. The rest of patients either did not receive adequate anticoagulation or received it for less than 3 weeks.

Results. In the group of patients who received anticoagulation at least 3 weeks, LAA thrombus was detected in 23 (14,0%) patients with a high stroke risk and in 8 (5,3%) patients with a low risk (p<0,05). In patients who did not receive adequate anticoagulation or received it for less than 3 weeks, LAA thrombus was identified in 60 (39,5%) patients with a high stroke risk and in 22 (17,9%) patients with a low risk (p<0,005). Thus, a  high stroke risk almost 3 times increases the likelihood of LAA thrombus detection in patients who did not receive adequate anticoagulation (odds ratio, 2,99; 95% confidence interval: 1,70-5,26;p<0,001) and in patients receiving adequate anticoagulation (odds ratio, 2,92; 95% confidence interval: 1,26-6,74; p=0,012).

Conclusion. In patients with persistent AF with a low stroke risk according to CHA2DS2-VASc score, TEE before sinus rhythm restoration in patients without 3-week anticoagulation should be considered. In patients with a high stroke risk, performing pre-cardioversion TEE is advisable even after adequate anticoagulation.
Regional differences in cardiac mortality rates in Russia: the role of statistical features
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Samorodskaya I. V. , Yavelov I. S. , Kashtalap V. V. , Barbarash O. I.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To analyze the contribution of cardiac causes to all-cause mortality, to characterize the differences in standardized mortality rates (SMRs) in Russian regions, as well as to identify promising directions for improving establishment of cardiovascular death and its coding.

Material and methods. We used the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) data on the mortality rate and the average annual population in one-year age groups for 2019. To calculate the SMR, the European Standard Population was used. For each cardiac death, the SMR from 23 causes was calculated, which were combined into 4 groups, and for each of these groups, the regional mean and standard deviation of SMR in Russian regions were estimated.

Results. In 2019, the cardiac SMR in Russian regions was 301,02±77,67, which corresponded to 30,5±5,8% of all death causes. At the same time, the coefficient of variation of regional cardiac SMR was 25,8%. In general, in 60,9±13,8% of cases, the cause of cardiac death was chronic diseases, mainly related to atherosclerosis. The proportion of deaths from acute types of coronary artery disease was 17,3±9,7%, deaths not associated with atherosclerosis (heart defects, myocardial diseases, etc.)  — 17,5±8,2%, deaths associated with hypertension  — 4,2±5,2%. The coefficient of variation of regional SMR was 34,66, 64,47, 50,99 and 122,7, respectively.

Conclusion. Significant regional differences in SMR from certain cardiac causes and groups of causes, as well as their contribution to mortality pattern, were revealed. It is necessary to continue the research on the methodology of statistical recording of certain cardiovascular diseases.
Influence of sex, age and length of service on scientific productivity of medical research institution staff
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Poddubskaya E. A. , Rozanov V. B. , Gasanova L. G.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To assess the influence of sex, age and length of service on scientific productivity (h-index in the RSCI, Scopus and Web of Science) of researchers of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.

Material and methods. The study sample was formed from the staff of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine and consisted of scientists of various ranks. The study included 147 people (women, 103; men, 44); Information was collected on their age, education, length of service, academic degree, the position held and author-level metrics  — the h-index, obtained from three abstract and citation databases  — RSCI, Scopus and Web of Science. All study participants were divided into groups by sex and age categories — young (≤39 years), middle-aged (men, 40-60 years; women, 40-55 years) and older (men >60 years old; women >55 years).

Results. Analysis showed that 70,1% of the research team consists of women; 60%  — young and middle-aged scientists, and 40%  — older people. Among male researchers, compared with women, there are more doctors of science and high h-index values in the RSCI, Scopus and Web of Science. H-index value in the RSCI among male researchers is 47,3% due to the age and work duration at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, and among female researchers, 42,8% due to academic degree and length of service. The h-index in Scopus in men is influenced by age, in women  — by the presence of an academic degree, which explain, respectively, 19,7 and 18,1% of its variability. H-index value in the Web of Science in men is associated with the work duration, while in women, with an academic degree and length of service, which explain, respectively, 24,4 and 21,1% of its variance.

Conclusion. Women and young and middle-aged scientists prevail in research team pattern of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. However, male researchers make a more significant contribution to scientific productivity, assessed by the h-index in the RSCI, Scopus and Web of Science. Age and length of service have the greatest influence on scientific productivity for male researchers, while for women — presence of academic degree and length of service. It is necessary to continue research on the study of individual, motivational and institutional factors affecting the scientific productivity.
Relationship between the volume of perivascular adipose tissue and the vascular wall lesion
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Bragina A. E. , Osadchiy K. K. , Rodionova Yu. N. , Jafarova Z. B. , Lobanova M. V. , Larionova Yu. S.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the relationship between the volume of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and the vascular wall lesion.

Material and methods. The study included 318 patients without cardiovascular disease (mean age, 63,5±13,7 years). Hypertension was detected in 268 (84,3%) patients. All patients underwent assessment of anthropometric characteristics, lipid profile, arterial wall stiffness with the estimation of cardio-ankle vascular index, intima-media thickness, brachial artery endothelial vasomotor function. Chest computed tomography was performed with the estimation of the volumes of PVAT and pericardial adipose tissue (PAT).

Results. The volume of PVAT, on average, was 0,3 [0,2; 0,4] cm3 . The VAT volume was significantly higher in obese individuals when compared with patients with normal body weight: 0,4 [0,3; 0,5] vs 0,25 [0,2; 0,4] cm3 (p=0,0007). The VAT volume was higher in individuals with an increased CAVI level when compared with patients with normal CAVI values: 0,4 [0,3; 0,5] vs 0,3 [0,25; 0,3] (p=0,02). A significant correlation was found between the VAT volume and body mass index (r=0,27, p<0,005), waist circumference (r=0,41, p<0,005), CAVI (r=0,49, p<0,05), impaired endothelium-dependent brachial artery vasodilation (r=0,38, p<0,05). When performing multiple linear regression, a significant relationship of CAVI was found with age (β±SE, 0,51±0,15; p=0,002) and volume of PVAT (β±SE, 0,41±0,13; p=0,005).

Conclusion. The results indicate the relationship of PVAT with visceral obesity and vascular wall stiffness parameters.
Relationship between the D-dimer and von Willebrand factor levels and the development of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with stable coronary artery disease: data from the registry of long-term antithrombotic therapy REGATTA-1
Authors: Shakhmatova O. O. , Komarov A. L. , Korobkova V. V. , Titaeva E. V. , Dobrovolskiy A. B. , Yarovaya E. B. , Shuleshova A. G. , Panchenko E. P.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the role of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and D-dimer (DD) as predictors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods. The study included patients with stable CAD who are members of the prospective registry of long-term antithrombotic therapy (REGATTA-1) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04347200). The primary endpoints were actionable GIBs (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 2-5). Cut-off points for DD and VWF were determined by ROC analysis. The predictive significance of an increase in VWF and DD was assessed by the logistic regression.

Results. The study included 408 patients (men, 77,5%; mean age, 61,3±10,8 years). The median follow-up period was 2,5 [1,1-14,7] years. DD was determined in all patients, including 36 patients with GIB, while VWF — in 169 patients (28 patients with GIB). An increase in DD >928 ng/ml was an independent predictor of GIB, including taking into account clinical risk factors (odds ratio (OR), 3,26 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1,43-7,42] (p=0,0047), or the previously developed REGATTA scale score (OR, 3,73, 95% CI: 1,65-8,43 (p=0,0015)). VWF >105% was also an independent predictor of GIB (OR, 14,02; 95% CI: 1,41-139,42 (p=0,023)); in the REGATTA scale model  — OR 11,3, 95% CI: 1,43-88,83 (p=0,021). The increase in both markers was most unfavorable, since the proportion of those with GIB was 41,4%, while among patients with normal DD and increased VWF — 14,9%, and with low values of both markers — 0%. OR of GIB in patients with an increase in both markers was 4,1 (95% CI: 1,6-10,3 (p=0,003)).

Conclusion. In patients with stable CAD, an increase in VWF and DD was associated with an increase in GIB risk regardless of the presence of clinical risk factors.
Arterial calcification, atherosclerosis and osteoporosis: only clinical associations or a genetic platform?
Authors: Skripnikova I. A. , Kolchina M. A. , Meshkov A. N. , Kiseleva A. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: November 2021

The review is devoted to the comorbidity of two multifactorial diseases  — atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. Numerous epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies have confirmed the relationship between these diseases based on common risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms. At the same time, to assess the associations between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases, the following surrogate markers are used: vascular calcification, vascular stiffness, bone mineral density. It is known that atherosclerosis and osteoporosis depend on the human genotype, and they are caused by the interaction between the environment and genes. The modifiable risk factors for these diseases are largely similar, and the common features of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis pathogenesis make it possible to formulate the concept of a unified genetic basis of their development. Advances in molecular technology have made it possible to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and successfully identify genetic markers associated with both atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. The review aim was to describe the genes associated with developing atherosclerosis, arterial calcification and osteoporosis, as well as to provide information on the current understanding of the general genetic basis for plaque formation, vascular calcium deposition, and a decrease in bone mass. The analysis of publications from the PubMed, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases since 2000 have been carried out. The article describes the genetic markers associated with atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, as well as considers the achievements in studying genetics of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases. In addition, modern approaches and directions for further research of these diseases was established. The review can be useful for medical practitioners to clarify various genetic associations and mechanisms that lead to this comorbidity.
Hemorrhagic complications after endovascular interventions and the effectiveness of vascular closure devices
Authors: Rudenko B. A. , Feshchenko D. A. , Vasiliev D. K. , Sitko I. G. , Shukurov F. B. , Shanoyan A. S. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To identify the factors associated with hemorrhagic complications after endovascular interventions, as well as to assess the effectiveness of vascular closure devices.

Material and methods. The study included 423 patients after endo - vascular intervention with femoral arterial access: 118  — manual compression, 305  — hemostasis using vascular closure devices (VCDs). The development of following complications was recorded: retroperitoneal hematoma, false aneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, bleeding, thigh soft-tissue hematoma. Time to hemostasis, immobilization period, and length of stay were assessed.

Results. The complication rate was lower in VCD group compared to manual hemostasis (2,95 vs 11%, p=0,021). In VCD group, hemostasis characteristics significantly differed from the manual compression group: time to hemostasis — 3,1 vs 22,3 min (p=0,001), immobilization duration  — 4,1 vs 20 hours (p=0,001), length of stay  — 4 vs 8 days (p=0,001), respectively. The risk of complications increased with following factors: anticoagulant therapy, female sex, age >65 years, diabetes, body mass index >30 kg/m2 , vascular access calcification, introducer diameter >6 Fr, prior puncture. There were following independent predictors of complications: glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy, superficial or deep femoral artery puncture.

Conclusion. VCDs significantly reduces the hemorrhagic complication rate and improves hemostasis parameters as compared to manual compression.
Changes of myocardial fibrosis markers with the use of beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction of ischemic origin
Authors: Osipova O. A. , Gosteva E. V. , Golivets T. P. , Belousova O. N. , Zemlyansky O. A. , Pokrovsky M. V. , Golovin A. I. , Grigorenko N. V. , Merezhko A. A.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To compare the effect of 12-month pharmacotherapy with a betablocker (BB) (bisoprolol and nebivolol) and a combination of BB with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (bisoprolol+eplerenone, nebivolol+eplerenone) on following fibrosis markers: matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 9 (MMP-1, MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) of ischemic origin.

Material and methods. The study included 135 patients, including 40 (29,6%) women and 95 (70,4%) men aged 45-60 years (mean age, 53,1±5,7 years). Patients were randomized into subgroups based on pharmacotherapy with BB (bisoprolol or nebivolol) and their combination with eplerenone. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the level of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1 (ng/ml) using the commercial test system “MMP-1 ELISA”, “MMP-9 ELISA”, “Human TIMP-1 ELISA” (“Bender Medsystems “, Austria).

Results. In patients with HFmrEF of ischemic origin, there were following downward changes in serum level of myocardial fibrosis markers, depending on the therapy: bisoprolol  — MMP-1 decreased by 35% (p<0,01), MMP-9  — by 56,3% (p<0,001), TIMP-1  — by 17,9% (p<0,01); nebivolol  — MMP-1 decreased by 45% (p<0,001), MMP-9  — by 57,1% (p<0,001), TIMP-1  — by 30,1% (p<0,01); combination of bisoprolol with eplerenone  — MMP-1 decreased by 43% (p<0,001), MMP-9  — by 51,2% (p<0,001), TIMP-1  — by 25,1% (p<0,01); combination of nebivolol with eplerenone  — MMP-1 decreased by 53% (p<0,001), MMP-9 — by 64,3% (p<0,001), TIMP-1 — by 39% (p<0,01). In patients with NYHA class I HFmrEF after 12-month therapy, the decrease in MMP-1 level was 39,9% (p<0,01), MMP-9  — 57,5% (p<0,001). In class II, the decrease in MMP-1 level was 47% (p<0,001), MMP-9 — 49,7% (p<0,001). A significant decrease in TIMP-1 level was revealed in patients with class I by 29% (p<0,01), in patients with class II by 27,1% (p<0,01) compared with the initial data.

Conclusion. A significant decrease in the levels of myocardial fibrosis markers (MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1) was demonstrated in patients with HFmrEF of ischemic origin receiving long-term pharmacotherapy. The most pronounced effect was determined in patients with NYHA class I HF.
Comparative effectiveness of statin therapy in patients with hypertension of high and very high cardiovascular risk in actual clinical practice in Irkutsk
Authors: Ivanova O. A. , Kuklin S. G. , Sizova S. S. , Novoselova T. A. , Gaifullina L. R.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study lipid-lowering therapy in patients with high and very high risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) at the outpatient and inpatient care stages in Irkutsk.

Material and methods. We analyzed 260 discharge summaries of patients with hypertension of high and very high risk of CVEs for the second half of 2019: 145  — from a hospital; 115  — from outpatient records. Patient adherence to statin therapy, achievement of target lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in each patient subgroup was assessed.

Results. The proportion of patients who reached the recommended LDL-C levels in accordance with the 2017 guidelines tends to increase in comparison with prior data. High adherence to lipid-lowering therapy was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of patients reaching the recommended LDL-C levels. In most cases, regardless of cardiovascular risk, low-dose statin therapy were used. A detailed analysis of adherence to statin therapy using questionnaires revealed that more than half of patients in high-risk categories (64%) did not comply with lipid-lowering therapy.

Conclusion. Favorable trends were revealed in relation to an increase in the proportion of high-risk patients reaching target LDL-C levels. Adherence to statin therapy remains low. Previously established problems in managing such patients remains: stereotyped lipid-lowering therapy prescriptions without taking into account cardiovascular risk, the use of low-dose therapy, and the frequent prescription of statins with a lower lipid-lowering effect. Inpatients use higher statin doses than outpatients.
Atherosclerosis pathogenesis from the perspective of microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Aronov D. M. , Bubnova M. G. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses different points of view on atherosclerosis development. The facts confirming the lipid hypothesis are presented. Attention is drawn to the possible participation of vasa vasorum in the development of atherosclerosis.
Assessment of structural and functional myocardial characteristics in patients with chronic coronary artery disease and various glycemic status
Authors: Kokozheva M. A. , Mardanov B. U. , Poddubskaya E. A. , Kutsenko V. A. , Umetov M. A. , Mamedov M. N.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the structural and functional myocardial characteristics in patients with exertional angina and type 2 diabetes in comparison with those without diabetes to identify combined hemodynamic changes.

Material and methods. Patients were divided into two groups depen - ding on the glycemic status. The first group consisted of 49 patients (mean age, 57,9±1,04 years; male/female, 35/14) with coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes, while the second one (control)  — 51 patients (60,2±0,9 years, 34/17) with CAD and without diabetes. Patients were surveyed using a standard questionnaire that included socio-demographic parameters, behavioral risk factors, clinical status, medications received, and comorbidities. Diagnostic investigations were carried out, including resting electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography and cycle ergometry.

Results. Among patients with CAD and type 2 diabetes, hypertension occurred 20% more often compared with the control group  — 98 vs 78% (p<0,004). According to the electrocardiography, the combination of diabetes and CAD was characterized by various arrhythmias, which were recorded 2,8 times more often than in the group without diabetes. According to echocardiography, signs of left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction prevailed in people with diabetes. Mean pulmonary artery pressure in patients with diabetes were higher than in patients without carbohydrate metabolism disorders (p<0,004). According to the stress test, exercise tolerance in experimental group patients was lower than in patients in the control group.

Conclusion. The combination of chronic CAD and type 2 diabetes is cha - racterized by a more common combination with hypertension, impaired central and intracardiac hemodynamics, as well as left ventricular hypertrophy. In people with diabetes, impaired systolic and diastolic myocardial function is combined with reduced exercise tolerance.
Effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy on markers of fibrosis and immune inflammation in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease after ischemic stroke
Authors: Osipova O. A. , Gosteva E. V. , Belousova O. N. , Golivets T. P. , Chefranova J. Yu. , Lykov Yu. A. , Khachaturov A. N. , Golovina N. I.
Published: November 2021

Aim. To compare the effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy (azilsartan, telmisartan) on fibrosis and immune inflammation markers in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) after ischemic stroke (IS).

Material and methods. The study included 76 hypertensive patients aged 60-74 years (mean age, 66±5 years) with CKD after IS. Patients were randomly divided into following pharmacotherapy groups: 38 patients — telmisartan group; 36 patients — azilsartan group. The control group consisted of 20 hypertensive people (mean age, 63±2 years) without a history of CKD and IS. The levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA Kit, USA). The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon γ (INF-γ), monocytic chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were assessed using Vector-Best kit (Russia).

Results. Six-month azilsartan therapy led to a decrease in the levels of MMP-9 by 19,9% (p<0,01), TIMP-1 by 7,5% (p<0,05), IL-1β by 7,8%, TNF-α by 13,5%, INF-γ by 7,1%, MCP-1 by 13% (p<0,05). Telmisartan therapy was associated with a decrease in the levels of MMP-9 by 39,1% (p<0,01), TIMP-1 by 16,4%, IL-1β by 10,1% (p<0,05), TNF-α by 20,8% (p<0,01), INF-γ by 14,6% (p<0,05), MCP-1 by 21,3% (p<0,01). Intergroup comparison revealed more pronounced changes in the levels of MMP-9 by 19,2% (p<0,01), TIMP-1 by 7,2% (p<0,05), TNF-α by 7,3% (p<0,05), INF-γ by 7,5% (p<0,05), and MCP-1 by 8,3% (p<0,05) when using telmisartan compared to azilsartan. When using telmisartan, the increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 14,2% (p<0,05) higher compared to azilsartan.

Conclusion. Six-month telmisartan therapy in hypertensive patients with CKD after stroke was accompanied by a more pronounced decrease in markers of myocardial fibrosis (MMP-9, TIMP-1) and immune inflammation (TNF-α, INF-γ, MCP-1) compared with azilsartan, as well as with more pronounced improvement in renal function.
Anti ice build-up method on small railway culverts
Authors: Shcheviev Yuri , Telyatnikova Natalia , Kruchinin Ilya
Published: November 2021

One of the most important problems with the small railway culverts operation is the ice build-up on the inlets of these structures. This problem is universal in occurrence, but the northern regions are the main danger zone. The objective of this paper is to determine the phenomenon causes and factors that directly affect it, as well as to find a way to solve the problem.
A small culvert is considered as a subsystem of the «Road/Railroad» system, which allows us to execute complete analysis and description of the technical and special production processes accounting related to design, construction, maintenance, scheduled, overhaul, as well as reconstruction, and solution of some problems, during the culverts operation. Consistently considered reliability issues during structural engineering: functional, structural, and informational. described Regulations that allow determining the nature of the ice build-up problem on pipes.
In the analysis process of the existing methods for solving the problem, it was found that each method has its particularities, but in the end, is ineffective. According to the methodology presented by the authors, under Professor’s Yu.L. Scheviev supervision, has been developed a completely new approach, that provides effective financial resources use, in relation to the work result during the entire object’s life cycle, in form of a long structure operation period with the elimination of the ice build-up problem possibility. Technique application leads to a sharp decrease in the technical work frequency at small culverts. The paper analyzes a detailed algorithm for using the technique based on the calculation of a small culvert with a circular cross-section.
Experimental studies of the energy dissipation processes at the tops of fatigue cracks in the elements of bridge structures
Authors: Solovyev Leonid , Fedorenko Vladislav
Published: November 2021

In the article, the authors investigated the possibility of using the thermal control method for diagnosing fatigue cracks in the metal superstructure, determined the necessary parameters for that control method. The studies were conducted during cantilevered steel samples fatigue tests simulating the superstructure beam wall operation, reinforced with stiffening ribs. To carry out the experiments were developed a test setup and a loading procedure at the various intensity of exposure. An electric motor with eccentrics is used as a loading device. The sample surface heating was recorded by thermal imagers with 0.03 K and 0.05 K temperature sensitivities and 60 frames/s and 9 frames/s shooting speed, respectively. Was confirmed the possibility of determining crack presence before its emergence to the surface namely at the stage of its initiation, and also were determined the self-heating zone dimensions at the tip of a crack. The conducting a laboratory experiment technique on the dissipative processes study in the metal superstructure elements is described.
Interaction peculiarities of a single unit bored pile with the surrounding rock mass under the horizontal load effect
Authors: Khokhlov Ivan , Zertsalov Mikhail
Published: November 2021

Interaction peculiarities of a single unit bored pile with the surrounding rock mass under the horizontal load effect, as well as loss mechanism of piles bearing capacity, are considered. The article presents the numerical modeling results and a method developed on their basis for calculating piles in rocky soils under the horizontal load effect under the spatial elastic-plastic problem conditions, with the account of the contact behavior between the pile and the rock mass. The study of the single unit bored pile interaction and the surrounding rock mass under the horizontal and moment loads effect was carried out based on the numerical models’ analysis of the piles and the surrounding rock mass in a spatial setting using the finite element method. The use of regression analysis methods made it possible, to obtain parametric equations, based on the numerical modeling obtained results, that connected the studied response functions (bearing capacity and horizontal displacement of the pile) from preselected independent factors reflecting the geomechanical properties of the body and the design piles peculiarities. The developed calculation method allows at the preliminary design stage to estimate the horizontal pile displacement value, as well as its bearing capacity. Also, using the proposed technique, it is possible to make a piles load test schedule, which can be used in the field observation preparation at the design stage. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in modern construction practice, bored piles are used to transfer to the foundation significant loads, on the rock foundation from structures for various purposes, including transport (bridges and overpasses piers’ foundations, etc.).
[RETRACTED] Green Fast Keto Reviews: Do Green Fast Diet Keto Pills Work or Scam? Report Reveals Must Read Before Buying v1
Authors: not provided greenfastbuy
Published: November 2021

[RETRACTED]

Health
[RETRACTED] Eagle Hemp CBD Gummies Reviews - Does Eagle Hemp CBD Gummies Shark Tank Really Work? Is it Safe to Use? Read Reviews, Price, Where to Buy Eagle Hemp CBD Gummies in the USA. v1
Authors: not provided eaglehempcbdgummiesusa
Published: November 2021

[RETRACTED]

Health