bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘The limits of my language’: Sense of belonging/otherness of minority teachers in Israel
Authors: Erlich Ron Rakefet , Gindi Shahar
Published: March 2023

Belonging is a basic human experience that symbolizes social relations and social structure. This study examined the institutional sense of belonging of minority teachers to their school and its association with sociodemographic (first language, education and gender) and systemic variables (seniority, heterogeneity of training college, teaching discipline, role at school and education system). We found that sociodemographic variables had a much stronger association to the teachers’ sense of belonging than systemic variables did. Particularly, a strong relationship was found between the teachers’ sense of belonging and what they defined as their first language. Conversely, most systemic variables had no relation to institutional belonging, except teaching discipline. The findings indicate the difficulties education systems have in incorporating minority teachers or even moderating their sense of otherness by offering the opportunity of recognition of all teachers. We argue that this stems from native language being a core/basic status, whether it is related to immigration or to a national divide.
When civic knowledge matters but is not enough: The role of classroom climate and citizenship self-efficacy on different facets of civic engagement
Authors: Luengo-Kanacri Bernadette Paula , Jiménez-Moya Gloria , Miranda Daniel , Marinovic Alejandra
Published: March 2023

The global need to reverse political disaffection has motivated researchers to seek ways of fostering citizenship engagement. This study focuses on the role adolescents’ citizenship self-efficacy plays in linking civic knowledge and classroom climate to civic engagement. We use data from 4838 Chilean students (M
age = 14.16) who participated in the International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS). Using structural equation modelling, a mediational model with multilevel clustering showed that civic knowledge positively affects formal participation, but not civil participation, while an open classroom climate increases both forms of engagement during adolescence. Citizenship self-efficacy mediates the relation between classroom climate and both types of participation. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design citizenship education curricula for youth who live in contexts of inequality.
Create.Connect.Unwind: A creative response to the pandemic for NHS staff well-being
Authors: Wiltshire Kim , Prescott Dawn
Published: March 2023

This article presents a reflection on the hurdles faced by arts and health organizations during England’s COVID-19 lockdown in 2020–21 through the work of the arts team at Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT), Lime Arts. As the pandemic hit, Lime risked being shut down, their premises reallocated and staff redeployed. Convinced that, more than ever, frontline health professionals might benefit from creative workshops, Lime piloted a six-month innovative programme of online creative workshops for MFT staff. Lime then partnered with the Employee Health and Wellbeing Service to take the online workshops across the Trust, creating a new project called Create.Connect.Unwind. The pilot phase ended in May 2022 with a Creativity and Wellbeing Festival at Manchester Royal Infirmary. The authors reflect on this two-year project, considering in retrospect the team response, the participant response and the artwork created as well as the creative perspective behind the project.
Mycological evaluation of frozen meat with special reference to yeasts
Authors: Mohamed Hams M. A. , Aljasir Sulaiman F. , Moftah Rofida F. , Younis Waleed
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: Fungi can play beneficial and detrimental roles in meat products; however, the diversity and significance of fungi in meat products are poorly understood. This study aimed to isolate and characterize fungal species from frozen beef samples collected from retail stores in the Qena Governorate, Egypt. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 frozen beef samples were collected from retail stores in Qena, Egypt. All samples were subjected to mycological examination. Fungal colonies were identified using conventional approaches, as well as the VITEK 2 system and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. Analyses of enzymatic activity, biofilm formation ability, and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolated yeasts were also conducted. Results: Molds and yeasts were isolated from 40% and 60% of meat samples, respectively. Mold isolates were dominated by Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium spp., whereas yeast isolates were identified as Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Compared to other yeast species, the highest production of lipase and protease was observed in Candida species. The strongest ability to form biofilms was observed in Candida spp., followed by S. cerevisiae, Y. lipolytica, and R. mucilaginosa. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all yeast isolates showed notable resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole. Conclusion: A significant correlation between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation was observed in several species. This study highlights the importance of the dangers of yeasts in food products and the extent of their impact on public health. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, beef, biofilm, enzymatic activities, fungi, meat, yeast.
Molecular prevalence and phylogenetic confirmation of bovine trichomoniasis in aborted cows in Iraq
Authors: Gharban Hasanain A. J.
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: Bovine trichomoniasis, caused by Tritrichomonas foetus, is a venereal disease that is distributed in many countries, including Iraq. Compared with other abortive infectious diseases, prevalence of T. foetus is expected to be relatively low in the field by veterinarians. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of T. foetus in aborted cows by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and phylogenetic analysis of local T. foetus isolates was documented in the National Center for Biotechnology Information as the first sequenced isolates from Iraq.

Materials and Methods: Vaginal fluids were collected from 62 aborted cows and examined by PCR. Data were reported for the following parameters: Vital signs (body temperature and respiratory and pulse rates), age (<4, 4–8, and >8 years), reproductive health status (premature calving, embryonic death, pyometra, and healthy newborn), breed (pure or crossbred), type of breeding (natural or artificial), bull-to-cow ratio (1:<10, 1:10–20, and 1:>20), contact of cow with bull(s) from other farmers (yes or no), and contact with stray animals (dogs and cats).

Results: A total of 20.97% of aborted cows were positive for T. foetus. Phylogenetic analysis for 10 positive local T. foetus isolates demonstrated high identity with the Thai (MN560972.2) and Chinese (MH115435.1) isolates, with an identity range of 98.8%–99.5% and 98.6%–99.3%, respectively. Clinical data showed that the vital signs differed insignificantly between cows positive and negative for T. foetus. Prevalence and risk of infection increased significantly in <4-year-old, early calving, embryonic death, crossbred, and naturally inseminated cows that had direct contact with bulls from other farmers, and contact with stray animals. Fetal pneumonia and death of premature calves were significant among positive aborted fetuses.

Conclusion: Tritrichomonas foetus is highly prevalent in aborted cows in Iraq and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated an identity between the local and global isolates, that is, Thai and Chinese, of cats.

Keywords: bovine-sexually transmitted disease, natural insemination, polymerase chain reaction, Tritrichomonas foetus, Wasit province.
Mechanical Thrombectomy of Wall Adherent Thrombus and Post Thrombotic Syndrome Diagnosis
Authors: Stibbs Peter , Wells Jeffrey , Govantes Dileo , Weller Lawrence
Published: March 2023

Title: Mechanical Thrombectomy of Wall Adherent Thrombus and Post Thrombotic Syndrome Diagnosis: A comparison of PST free outcomes and the ATTRACT trial in literature review

Authors: P.Stibbs, J.Wells, D.Govantes, L.Weller

Abstract:

Background: Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) occurs in 23-60% of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) cases, representing a significant clinical and economic burden. The NIH-funded ATTRACT trial showed no significant difference in PTS diagnosis rates between catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) and oral anticoagulation alone. However, newer mechanical thrombectomy devices designed to remove wall adherent thrombus have emerged, raising questions about their efficacy in comparison to traditional treatments.

Objective: This study aims to compare PTS diagnosis rates in patients receiving percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy with extirpation of thrombus versus traditional pharmacological lysing of thrombus with oral anticoagulation.

Methods: A retrospective review of 62 peer-reviewed publications was conducted, ultimately narrowing the focus to 12 studies with significant procedural volumes and commonality in reporting PTS after initial treatment methodology. Two mechanical thrombectomy devices, the Clotriever (Inari Medical) and the CleanerTM (Argon Medical), were identified for their design targeting wall adherent thrombus.

Results: Both the Clotriever and CleanerTM thrombectomy devices showed lower rates of PTS diagnosis at six months compared to CDT with oral anticoagulation alone, as cited in the ATTRACT trial. The ClotTriever device had a PTS-free rate of 76%, while the CleanerTM device demonstrated 72.4% and 72% PTS-free rates in separate studies.

Conclusion: Mechanical thrombectomy devices engaging wall adherent thrombus yielded lower rates of post thrombotic syndrome diagnosis at six months compared to catheter directed thrombolysis. However, this study is limited by its retrospective nature and varying inclusion/exclusion criteria across studies. Future prospective comparisons with controlled settings are recommended to evaluate the efficacy of these devices in relation to CDT and oral anticoagulation.
A Scalable Tree Based Path Planning for a Service Robot
Authors: Nippun Kumaar A. A , Kochuvila Sreeja , Nagaraja S. R.
Published: March 2023

Path planning plays a vital role in a mobile robot navigation system. It essentially generates a shortest traversable path between two given points. There are many path planning algorithms proposed by researchers all over the world, however, there are very little work focussing on path planning for a service environment. The general assumption are either the environment is fully known or unknown. Both the cases will not be suitable for a service environment. Afully known environment will restrict further expansion in terms of number of navigation points and unknown environment would give an inefficient path. Unlike other environments, service environments have certain factors to be considered, like user friendliness, repeatability, scalability and portability which are very essential for a service robot. In this paper a simple, efficient, robust and environment independent path planning algorithm for an indoor mobile servicerobot is presented. Initially the robot is trained to navigate to all the possible destinations sequentially with minimal user interface which will ensure the robot knows partial paths in the environment. With the trained data the path planning algorithm maps all the logical paths between all the destinations, which helps in autonomous navigation. The algorithm is implemented and tested using 2D simulator Player/Stage. The proposed system is tested with two differentservice environment layouts and proved to have features like scalability, trainability, accuracy and repeatability. The algorithm is compared with various classical path planning algorithms and the results shows that proposed path planning algorithm is in par with the other algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficient path generation.
Wissenschaftsdidaktik in der Perspektive der Einzelwissenschaften
Authors: Rhein Rüdiger
Published: March 2023

This article is dedicated to fundamental questions in the subject-specific orientation of science didactics. A general theoretical conceptualization of science didactics with regard to concrete disciplinarity has to clarify in particular which dimensions of relevance are to be estimated for a discipline-specific oriented science didactics. In terms of course design, it also raises the question of what academic-intellectual performance students need to provide with regard to disciplinary plurality and paradigmatic heterogeneity in their courses of study.
Wissenschaftsdidaktik in künstlerischen Studiengängen?
Authors: Centeno García Anja
Published: March 2023

Anja Centeno García widmet sich in diesem Beitrag Fragen der Wissenschaftsdidaktik in künstlerischen Studiengängen. Ausgehend von einer Annäherung an die Spezifik des Feldes soll anhand diskursanalytischer Überlegungen sowie Reflexionen zu Rolle und Funktion des wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens auf didaktische Herausforderungen im Spannungsfeld von künstlerischer und wissenschaftlicher Ausbildung im Studium eingegangen werden. Dadurch entsteht die Kontur für einen fachbezogenen didaktischen Ansatz, der auf dem Dreiklang von Diskurs-, Hochschul- und wissenschaftsbezogener Didaktik basiert. Angesichts der komplexen Gemengelage handelt es sich um eine explorative Annäherung und Ansatzpunkte für die weitere Auseinandersetzung und Konzeptualisierung.
Risse als materielles Schauspiel
Authors: Hartung Holger
Published: March 2023

Risse schlummern oft lange unbeachtet, bis sie plötzlich in das Feld unserer Aufmerksamkeit springen. Als materielles Schauspiel bilden sie nicht nur in Kunst und Philosophie ein neues Untersuchungsfeld, sondern auch in der Theaterwissenschaft. Der Band nimmt die Verwandlungen von Rissfiguren in Texten Martin Heideggers und Jacques Derridas als Ausgangspunkt und stellt diese in den Spiegel einer Kulturgeschichte vielfältiger Rissdarstellungen. Fünf künstlerische Arbeiten unterstreichen exemplarisch die tiefgehende Affinität von Rissfiguren und theatralen Szenarien und zeigen, wie sich diese durch Themen wie kollektive Traumata, Globalität, Migration bis hin zu Ökologie immer wieder aktualisiert.
Pharmakofictions - Spekulationen mit prekären Stoffen in zeitgenössischer Science-Fiction und Philosophie
Authors: Dickmann Georg
Published: March 2023

In der Science-Fiction wimmelt es nur so von gentechnisch veränderten Materialien, nicht-menschlichen Stoffen sowie von giftigen und seltsamen Substanzen. Georg Dickmann untersucht das Wechselverhältnis von spekulativen Zukunftsfiktionen und der Biopolitik prekärer Stofflichkeit unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Debatten um den neuen Materialismus. Dabei macht er deutlich, dass das Konzept des Wirkstoffes im Kontext des neuen Materialismus nicht ausreichend untersucht ist. Er entfaltet hierzu eine bisher latent gebliebene Typologie fantastischer Wirkstoffe in Film und Literatur, die weitreichende Konsequenzen für das Verhältnis von Subjektivierung und Pharmakologie der Gegenwart nach sich zieht.
Neurowissenschaften in der Kritik
Authors: Wengemuth Eileen
Published: March 2023

Neurowissenschaftliche Forschung war und ist Gegenstand vielfältiger Kritik. Neben impliziten philosophischen und gesellschaftstheoretischen Grundannahmen werden auch methodologische Probleme adressiert. Eileen Wengemuth bietet hierzu eine verständliche Zusammenfassung, ordnet die verschiedenen Kritikpunkte systematisch ein und geht der Frage nach, wie Neurowissenschaftler*innen sich zu verschiedenen Kritikpunkten positionieren und was sie selbst an ihrem Fach kritisieren. Darüber hinaus legt sie dar, wie die Antworten auf diese Fragen mit den Rahmenbedingungen ökonomisierter Wissenschaft sowie mit unterschiedlichen Wissenschaftsverständnissen vermittelt sind.
Flitzer im Sport
Authors: Bette Karl-Heinrich , Kühnle Felix
Published: March 2023

Flitzer im Sport lassen sich schlecht ignorieren. Sie stürmen nackt, spärlich bekleidet oder kostümiert in Stadien und Arenen hinein und bringen Wettkämpfe durch ihre Grenzüberschreitung abrupt zum Stillstand. Indem sie parasitär ein Geschehen unterbrechen, das im Ringen um Sieg oder Niederlage ohnehin schon auf wechselseitige Störung der Kontrahenten ausgerichtet ist, werden Flitzer zu Störenfrieden zweiter Ordnung. Karl-Heinrich Bette und Felix Kühnle analysieren mit soziologischen Mitteln das Flitzen im Sport und geben dadurch profunde, innovative Einblicke in eine Körperpraxis, die bislang keine größere Resonanz in der Wissenschaft hervorrufen konnte.
Entre la historia y el chisme: de la revista ASAB a Calle14
Authors: Gómez Moreno Pedro Pablo
Published: March 2023

A finales de año 2021 participé en el Congreso Grietas y Provocaciones para la Educación en Artes, organizado por la International Society for Education Through Art INSEA, gracias a una invitación del artista y educador peruano Mario Mogrovejo. El tema que propuse indagaba acerca de la posibilidad de crear cono-cimientos decoloniales desde las artes, donde está instalado el debate de la investigación-creación, con sus logros y dificultades, y donde se cruzan las prácti-cas y políticas de la investigación científica con los debates internos en el campo de las artes. Como sucede casi siempre, al final de cada ponencia se plantean preguntas importantes con base en las ideas que uno aventura en su intervención
Feminismo popular y teatro comunitario. El liderazgo de las mujeres, clave del desarrollo del teatro comunitario
Authors: Forero-Hurtado Andrea , Rueda-Mendoza Sofía
Published: March 2023

La historia del arte, y más específicamente la del teatro, se ha escrito a partir de una perspectiva patriarcal y, por ende, excluyente, discriminatoria y machista. Existe una instrumentalización de la presencia de las mujeres en las artes y por lo tanto un vago registro de su participación.El caso colombiano no es la excepción: la memoria oficial no da suficiente cuenta del papel de las mujeres en el teatro. Este artículo se propone abordar el aporte de las mujeres y de la perspectiva de género en el teatro, donde las artistas y también las que no lo son, pero que hacen parte de los procesos en los territorios desempeñando diferentes roles, han sido un pilarque ha permitido al el teatro comunitario sostenerse.
Los desafíos del arte y la calidad de vida: Procesos de gestión pública desde una agenda gubernamental
Authors: Villar Cantú Ana Renata , Reina Aguirre Ana Sofía , Díaz Fernández Adris
Published: March 2023

Las ciudades latinoamericanas tienden a volverse lugares de conflicto debido a la rápida urbanización por la que están atravesando. El gobierno municipal de San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México, por medio de la Dirección de Arte y Patrimonio Cultural, ha utilizado el arte público como un modo para combatir las desconexiones comunitarias producto de la urbanización y elevar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Esta investigación pretende identificar cómo la población del municipio percibe el arte que se encuentra en el espacio público y de qué manera los impacta en su calidad de vida. Esto se llevó a cabo a partir de una metodología mixta, donde se conocieron las percepciones de actores claves involucrados en el proyecto Galería abierta, así como de los habitantes del municipio, revelando que el arte en el espacio público sí influye en la calidad de vida y debe convertirse en una prioridad en la agenda gubernamental.
Disciplinamiento y vida. Jonathan Crary y la producción de la aisthesis
Authors: Pavez Javier
Published: March 2023

En “Eclipse del espectáculo” (1984), Johantan Crary escribe en torno del problema de la metamorfosis de la televisión dentro del diseño cultural, económico y geopolítico. Propone que el sistema representativo se retira frente a la red de distribución y control del   capitalismo tecnológico. El régimen escópico, por tanto, deviene un ejercicio o una superficie del poder. En este sentido, los procesos tecnológicos se comprenden como un determinado e histórico régimen estético, es decir, de producción de la aisthesis. De este modo, Crary cuestiona la producción del capitalismo a través del examen de los modos de producción de la percepción. En Techniques of the Observer (1990), Suspensions of Perception (2001) y 24/7 (2013), Crary radicaliza la retirada de la observación contemplativa ante la producción de la sensibilidad. Siguiendo esta clave de lectura, este ensayo propone que la crítica de Crary se mantiene bajo la forma taxonómica “cuerpo viviente/aparato disciplinario”.
Cuentería y conflicto en Colombia: Aportes a una memoria colectiva
Authors: Ayala Herrera Fredy Alexander
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo es resultado de la investigación Leteo: Relatos del perdón, proyecto que giró alrededor de los conceptos de cuentería, conflicto y memoria. Para llevar a cabo el estudio fue necesario comprender la narración oral escénica en el marco de sus relaciones estéticas, políticas y culturales. En ese sentido, se propuso un acercamiento a una selección de narraciones orales breves con el fin de someterlas a un proceso de interpretación. Este reto hermenéutico requirió de una metodología interdisciplinar (sociocrítica, semiótica y pragmática) que permitiera entender la cuentería desde sus distintas dimensiones. Esa búsqueda arrojó diferentes significados alrededor de los recursos composicionales y arquitectónicos de esta práctica, como la metaficción, el humor, la ironía, la creación de mundos posibles. Esos sentidos no se configuraron exclusivamente en las palabras, sino también en sus intenciones y otras expresiones extraverbales.
El archivo performado: el repertorio documental de la historia reciente chilena actualizado en las lecciones de traducción de Voluspa Jarpa
Authors: Olivari María Cecilia
Published: March 2023

Este artículo propone una reflexión crítica sobre las articulaciones entre artefactos de arte contemporáneo y archivo, demarcando las tensiones en el repertorio documental ligado a la historia reciente de Chile. Nos proponemos dar cuenta de las formas performáticas que adquieren los archivos desclasificados en su apertura al público y en proyectos artísticos, con el fin de problematizar la interacción dinámica entre archivo y repertorio a partir de las operaciones que el arte contiene. Para ello, proponemos el análisis de casos cuyas particularidades se abren hacia una metodología transdisciplinar que conjuga aspectos de los estudios de medios, del performance, de la imagen y de la visualidad.
La modernidad pictórica de Manet: pintura autorreflexiva, plana y desidealizadora
Authors: Gutiérrez-Jordano Carmen
Published: March 2023

En este artículo mostramos la esencia de la modernidad pictórica de Édouard Manet. Su pintura se rebela contra los conceptos básicos de la pintura anterior, enarbolando una modernidad que consiste, en primer lugar, en que la pintura hace una crítica de sí misma para descubrir su propia esencia. Manet descubre que, además de esta autorreflexión, la pintura debe hacerse plana, tener un tema, reflejar la vida contemporánea y, finalmente, desidealiza el arte en general. En este trabajo analizamos cada una de esas características y presentamos la desidealización como síntesis final de la modernidad pictórica de Manet. Con ella, Manet pretende que el arte sea  verdaderamente moderno, es decir, solo arte.
Homocysteine exchange across skeletal muscle in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Garibotto Giacomo , Picciotto Daniela , Verzola Daniela , Valli Alessando , Sofia Antonella , Costigliolo Francesca , Saio Michela , Viazzi Francesca , Esposito Pasquale
Published: March 2023

Sites and mechanisms regulating the supply of homocysteine (Hcy) to the circulation are unexplored in humans. We studied the exchange of Hcy across the forearm in CKD patients (n = 17, eGFR 20 ± 2 ml/min), in hemodialysis (HD)‐treated patients (n = 14) and controls (n = 9). Arterial Hcy was ~ 2.5 folds increased in CKD and HD patients (p < 0.05–0.03 vs. controls). Both in controls and in patients Hcy levels in the deep forearm vein were consistently greater (+~7%, p < 0.05–0.01) than the corresponding arterial levels, indicating the occurrence of Hcy release from muscle. The release of Hcy from the forearm was similar among groups. In all groups arterial Hcy varied with its release from muscle (p < 0.03–0.02), suggesting that muscle plays an important role on plasma Hcy levels. Forearm Hcy release was inversely related to folate plasma level in all study groups but neither to vitamin B12 and IL‐6 levels nor to muscle protein net balance. These data indicate that the release of Hcy from peripheral tissue metabolism plays a major role in influencing its Hcy plasma levels in humans and patients with CKD, and that folate is a major determinant of Hcy release.
PTEN‐AKT pathway attenuates apoptosis and adverse remodeling in ponatinib‐induced skeletal muscle toxicity following BMP‐7 treatment
Authors: Srivastava Ayushi , Singla Dinender K.
Published: March 2023

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including ponatinib are commonly used to treat cancer patients. Unfortunately, TKIs induce cardiac as well as skeletal muscle dysfunction as a side effect. Therefore, detailed mechanistic studies are required to understand its pathogenesis and to develop a therapeutic treatment. The current study was undertaken to examine whether ponatinib induces apoptosis and apoptotic mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo models and furthermore to test the potential of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP‐7) as a possible treatment option for its attenuation. Sol8 cells, a mouse myogenic cell line was exposed to ponatinib to generate an apoptotic cell culture model and were subsequently treated with BMP‐7 to understand its protective effects. For the in vivo model, C57BL/6J mice were administered with ponatinib to understand apoptosis, cell signaling apoptotic mechanisms, and adverse muscle remodeling and its attenuation with BMP‐7. TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) methods were used. Our data show significantly (p < 0.05) increased TUNEL staining, caspase‐3, BAX/Bcl2 ratio in the in vitro model. Furthermore, our in vivo muscle data show ponatinib‐induced muscle myopathy, and loss in muscle function. The observed muscle myopathy was associated with increased apoptosis, caspase‐3 staining, and BAX/Bcl‐2 ratio as confirmed with IHC and RT‐PCR. Furthermore, our data show a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the involvement of cell signaling apoptotic regulator protein PTEN and a decrease in cell survival protein AKT. These results suggest that increased apoptosis following ponatinib treatment showed an increase in skeletal muscle remodeling, sarcopenia, and fibrosis. Furthermore, BMP‐7 treatment significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated ponatinib‐induced apoptosis, BAX/Bcl2 ratio, decreased PTEN, and increased cell survival protein AKT, decreased adverse muscle remodeling, and improved muscle function. Overall, we provide evidence that ponatinib‐induces apoptosis leading to sarcopenia and muscle myopathy with decreased function which was attenuated by BMP‐7.
Two-dimensional metal halide perovskites and their heterostructures: from synthesis to applications
Authors: Kostopoulou Athanasia , Konidakis Ioannis , Stratakis Emmanuel
Published: March 2023

Size- and shape-dependent unique properties of the metal halide perovskite nanocrystals make them promising building blocks for constructing various electronic and optoelectronic devices. These unique properties together with their easy colloidal synthesis render them efficient nanoscale functional components for multiple applications ranging from light emission devices to energy conversion and storage devices. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites in the form of nanosheets (NSs) or nanoplatelets (NPls) are being intensively studied due to their promising 2D geometry which is more compatible with the conventional electronic and optoelectronic device structures where film-like components are usually employed. In particular, 2D perovskites exhibit unique thickness-dependent properties due to the strong quantum confinement effect, while enabling the bandgap tuning in a wide spectral range. In this review the synthesis procedures of 2D perovskite nanostructures will be summarized, while the application-related properties together with the corresponding applications will be extensively discussed. In addition, perovskite nanocrystals/2D material heterostructures will be reviewed in detail. Finally, the wide application range of the 2D perovskite-based structures developed to date, including pure perovskites and their heterostructures, will be presented while the improved synergetic properties of the multifunctional materials will be discussed in a comprehensive way.
PurA sensitizes cells to toxicity induced by oxidative stress
Authors: Albukhaytan Hawra , Torkzaban Bahareh , Sariyer Ilker K. , Amini Shohreh
Published: March 2023

Objectives

PurA is an evolutionary conserved protein that is known to bind to single stranded DNA or RNA and regulate both transcription and translation. PurA has been implicated in many neurological and neurodevelopmental deficits, but its role in response to cellular stress has not yet been clarified. In this study, we have studied the cells’ stress response in the presence and absence of PurA expression.

Methods

Oxidative stress was induced in MEF cells obtained from PURA WT and K/O mice by paraquat treatments. The cellular response to stress was determined and compared by viability assays, immunocytochemistry and biochemical analyses.

Results

Interestingly, paraquat treated PurA expressing MEF cells showed higher sensitivity and less cellular viability than those with no PurA expression. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed increase in the expression of the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase 3 and autophagy marker LC3-II in PurA WT MEF cells compared to the PurA K/O MEF cells under oxidative stress induction.

Conclusions

Our observations indicate that PurA may play a key role in regulating cellular toxicity induced by oxidative stress and emphasize its importance for cell-fate determination under cytotoxic stress conditions.
Peripheral inflammation is associated with alterations in brain biochemistry and mood: evidence from in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: Mumuni Abdul Nashirudeen , Krishnadas Rajeev , Cavanagh Jonathan
Published: March 2023

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a protein implicated in the prognosis of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), an autoimmune disease associated with episodes of clinical depression (CD). CD has been linked to abnormalities in the forebrain and subcortical structures, which can be probed noninvasively using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Thus, this 1H-MRS study assessed biochemical differences between healthy subjects and PsA patients in the frontal and bilateral hippocampal brain regions. Biochemical and mood responses in the anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral hippocampi following the administration of anti-TNF-α medication to the PsA patients were also assessed. Fifteen volunteers in each of the PsA and control groups participated in the study. Patients underwent MRS examination before and after 6–8 weeks of anti-TNF-α medication. Mood was assessed at baseline and after medication using the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). Psychiatric symptoms were ruled out in all volunteers using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. MRS studies were conducted using the PRESS sequence at 3 T. Spectral and statistical analyses were conducted using the LC Model and Minitab software, respectively. Metabolite levels were expressed as ratios, relative to the creatine peak. The PsA patients showed higher left hippocampal baseline Choline/Creatine ratio than controls (p = 0.014). After medication, decrease in frontal brain Choline/Creatine ratio was associated with decrease in BDI scores (r = 0.628; p = 0.025), while frontal brain NAA/Creatine ratio was significantly lower in the PsA patients compared to the controls (p = 0.023). No other significant differences were found in all comparisons, including metabolite ratios between the left and right hippocampi. The results of this study provide some evidence for biochemical alterations in the mood regulating segments of the brain, which has consequences for mood states of the affected patients.
Integrated variance of irregularly spaced high-frequency data: A state space approach based on pre-averaging
Authors: Alexeev Vitali , Chen Jun , Ignatieva Katja
Published: March 2023

We propose a new state space model to estimate the Integrated Variance (IV) in the presence of microstructure noise. Applying the pre-averaging sampling scheme to the irregularly spaced high-frequency data, we derive equidistant efficient price approximations to calculate the noise-contaminated realised variance (NCRV), which is used as an IV estimator. The theoretical properties of the new volatility estimator are illustrated and compared with those of the realised volatility. We highlight the robustness of the new estimator to market microstructure noise (MMN). The pre-averaging sampling effectively eliminates the influence of the MMN component on the NCRV series. The empirical illustration features the EUR/USD exchange rate and provides evidence of a superior performance in volatility forecasting at very high sampling frequencies.
Morphological, structural and mechanical characteristics of laser-treated pure lead
Authors: Shahid Wajeehah , Shahid Samiah , Iqbal Muhammad Aamir , Raheem Sajid , Javeed Saher , Malik Ayesha , Raza Bilal , Irfan Shaheen
Published: March 2023

The impact of high-intensity visible radiation on the morphological, structural, and mechanical characteristics of pure lead has been examined via the irradiation of a continuous-wave diode laser on its samples. SEM and X-ray diffractometers were used to analyze the surface and structural morphology of the irradiated samples. The appearance of the burning effects, redeposition of material, and melt pools were checked after the irradiations in the SEM analysis. On the other hand, through the diffractometric X-ray analysis, the targeted sample’s d-spacing, grain size, and dislocation line density were resolved. To understand the mechanical characteristics of lead, the change in hardness of the materials was tested as a function of exposure duration using the micro-Vickers hardness tester, and the resulting outcomes were compared with those of unirradiated ones. The hardness of lead is enhanced as the exposure time increases, and this is accompanied by a continuous reduction of the grain size.
A bevonás új lehetőségei a 21. században: Az influencerek
Authors: Viktor Glied
Published: March 2023

A 21. században még mindig a civil társadalom tekinthető a társadalom immunrendszerének, az állam morális iránytűjének, valamint a demokratikus keretrendszer védelmezőjének. Az internet és a digitalizáció térnyerése nyomán a civil bevonási stratégiák fokozatosan megváltoznak, az egyoldalú információátadás helyett a kooperatív, diskurzuson és információcserén alapuló közösségi élmények jelentik a jövőt, másrészt egyre inkább az erőteljes online jelenlét határozza meg egy kezdeményezés/projekt, vagy szervezet sikerességét. A közösséghez tartozás igénye is markánsan átalakult az 1990-es éveket követően. A különböző közösségi platformok feltűnése olyan virtuális tereket teremtett, melyek lehetőséget adnak a bekapcsolódásra olyan formában is, melyek párhuzamos, de a létezőhöz kapcsolódó valóságban zajlanak. A tanulmány a bevonás és közösségfejlesztés, valamint az információterjesztés néhány újszerű formáját veszi górcső alá, kiemelve az influencerek szerepét a közösségeket érintő problémák feltárásában és megoldásában.
Innovatív társadalmi részvételi módszerek és gyakorlatok Európában és Magyarországon
Authors: Csaba Madarász , Péter Nizák
Published: March 2023

A tanulmány a demokrácia innováció kérdéskörén belül a társadalmi részvétel kérdését tárgyalja, az innovatív részvételi módszerekre fókuszálva. Bemutatja a nemzetközi kontextust, kitér arra, melyek a hatékony és sikeres részvételi folyamat feltételei, kritériumai. Kitekint a jelenlegi európai helyzetre, bemutatja, elemzi a leggyakrabban használt innovatív részvételi technikákat, hivatkozik a legfontosabb nemzetközi kezdeményezésekre. Elemzi, hogy a technológia hogyan segítette elő a részvétel kiszélesítését, teremtett új platformokat. A tanulmány röviden elemzi a magyarországi helyzetet, a demokrácia innováció, a társadalmi részvétel helyzetét, dilemmáit. Áttekinti a jogszabályi hátteret, bemutatja, hogy Magyarországon a képviseleti demokrácia intézményeit kiegészíteni hivatott demokratikus innovációk, így a részvételi módszerek megvalósításának lehetősége miért korlátozott. A szerzők bemutatják, mely részvételi módszerek, technikák jelentek meg a közelmúltban Magyarországon, röviden összegzik a legfontosabb hazai kísérleteket, gyakorlatokat.
Spanyolviasz új köntösben
Authors: Márton Kiss
Published: March 2023

KÖNYVISMERTETÉS

William Mallinson: Guicciardini, Geopolitics and Geohistory. Understanding Inter-State Relations. Athens, 2021. 151 p.
Nemzetpolitikai térkép 2020-ban
Authors: Gréta Kadlicskó
Published: March 2023

KÖNYVISMERTETÉS

Csóti György (2020): Trianon után száz esztendővel–Beteljesedik-e a herderi jóslat az elveszített magyarlakta területeken? Kairosz Könyvkiadó Kft., Budapest. 152 p.
Change Management in an Indeterminate Sentencing System
Authors: Bergstrom Mark H. , Meyers Ryan S.
Published: March 2023

Pennsylvania has regularly approved incremental changes to sentencing guidelines and correctional statutes, but these often are inadequate when fundamental change is required. In 2014, the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing began a comprehensive review of the sentencing guidelines, recognizing the need for structural changes to streamline, simplify, and automate the guidelines, and the need for policy changes to promote certainty and consistency and to improve outcomes. At the same time, the Commission was constructing a new sentence risk assessment instrument and developing new guidelines for resentencing, parole, and recommitment. While all these guidelines are advisory in nature, this change process reflected aspects of an indeterminate structured sentencing (ISS) module, in which a single commission promulgates two sets of coordinated guidelines that constrain both sentencing and release powers. Transformational change requires broad engagement with key change leaders and practitioners, the use of research and analysis to understand current practices and consider best practices, and continued refinement of proposals to gain consensus. This paper describes the change management process employed by the Commission, and the fundament changes proposed through this process, to transform decision-making in Pennsylvania’s indeterminate sentencing system.
How accurate is the remote sensing based estimate of water physico-chemical parameters in the Danube Delta (Romania)?
Authors: Necula Marian , Tușa Iris Maria , Sidoroff Manuela Elisabeta , Ițcuș Corina , Florea Daniela , Amărioarei Alexandru , Păun Andrei , Pacioglu Octavian , Păun Mihaela Marinela
Published: March 2023

The current paper estimated the physico-chemical properties of water in the Danube Delta (Romania), based on Sentinel 2 remote sensing data. Eleven sites from the Danube Delta were sampled in spring and autumn for three years (2018-2020) and 21 water physico-chemical parameters were measured in laboratory. Several families of machine learning algorithms, translated into hundreds of models with different parameterizations for each machine learning algorithm, based on remote sensing data input from Sentinel 2 spectral bands, were employed to find the best models that predicted the values measured in laboratory. This was a novel approach, reflected in the types of selected models that minimised the values of performance metrics for the tested parameters. For alkalinity, calcium, chloride, carbon dioxide, hardness, potassium, sodium, ammonium, dissolved oxygen, sulphates, and suspended matter the results were promising, with an overall percentage bias of the estimates of +/- 10% from the observed values. For copper, magnesium, nitrites, nitrates, turbidity and zinc the estimates were fairly accurate, with percentage biases in the interval +/- 10% - 20%, whereas for detergents, led, and phosphates the percentage bias was higher than 20%. Overall, the results of the current study showed fairly good estimates between remote sensing based estimates and laboratory measured values for most water physico-chemical parameters.
Sejmiki województw Małopolski właściwej 1572–1648 – stan badań, organizacja, specyfika sejmikowa, propozycje badawcze
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Kozyrski Robert
Published: March 2023

Sejmiks in the First Polish Republic were the first and primary forum for the political education of every nobleman. It was during those assemblies that problems of the local community were solved, tax collection was controlled, military troops were organized, elections of candidates for land offices were held, and finally, deputies to the Sejm, deputies to the Crown Tribunal and delegates to important persons in the state were elected. They were usually convened by the king or local representative of the state government. During the interregnum, they were convened by the interrex primate. Their importance increased especially after the death of the last of the male representatives of the Jagiellonian royal family to sit on the Polish-Lithuanian throne in 1572. By the middle of the 17th century, they controlled almost all aspects of political life in the country, remaining an important factor shaping the consciousness of the inhabitants of the Republic and influencing decisions made by the Sejm until 1717. All decisions made at the sejmiks were recorded in special files, known as lauds. Together with parliamentary instructions, these documents constitute the primary source for studying their history, including the members of these institutions: secular and clerical dignitaries, officials, nobles and other participants in the proceeds. The source basis of the article is the records produced by the three sejmiks of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, assembled in Kraków, Sandomierz and Lublin. With reference to the most recent literature and source publications, it presents their organization, analyses the links that bind them together, and portrays their participants.
Sejmik preński (1791–1794)
Authors:   Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Jusupović Monika
Published: March 2023

The Great Diet (1788–1795) introduced many reforms, one of them was reform of the administrative structure of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. One of the results of this change was separation of the Prienai district from the district of Kaunas. Origin of this district had administrative causes, but it contributed to the ending of frequent and fierce conflicts in the dietines of Kaunas. New assemblies were established in Prienai and elected two envoyes to the parliament and one deputy to the Tribunal. Dietine of Prienai gathered for the first time on 15 February 1792, when its main activity was supporting the Third May Constitution. Next assembly in Prienai gathered in entirely different political circumstances, after foundation of the confederation of Targowica. The purpose of these assemblies was election of envoyes to the diet, which was established to accept the second partition of the Commonwealth. The purpose of this article is analysis of the history of dietines of Prienai and edition of previously unpublished records of this assmebly. Among them there are laudum and instruction of the assembly of 1792 and note and letter presenting the course of this dietine. Edition of these records will supplement the erlier editions of acts of the Kaunas dietines and will be published following similar editorial instruction. Records of the next Prienai assembly, which gathered in 1793, are already published, but we analized them to find information about dietines of Prenai.
Edycje akt sejmikowych z terenu Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego
Authors:   Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Rachuba Andrzej
Published: March 2023

The aim of the article is to present the current state of editing sejmiks’ records from the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1566 to 1794. Although the first printed edition of Lithuanian (Vilnius) sejmiks’ resolutions took place as late as the end of the 18th century, in contrast to the lands of the Polish Crown, Polish historians took little interest in them in later centuries. A relatively large number of sejmik records were published in the 19th century by Vilnius Archaeographical Commission, but one should be extremely critical of these editions, as it was clearly commissioned to shape the picture of the Commonwealth (and especially the Grand Duchy of Lithuania) through the prism of political and confessional requirements. For Polish scholars of the past, on the other hand, it was primarily the Polish lands that were important and the situation was not improved by Poland’s regaining of independence in 1918. Therefore, I would like to present the views of some of these historians on the need for such editions (especially at the historians’ congress in Vilnius in 1935), their form and the achievements of editing sejm records in the 19th – 21st centuries, divided into volumes strictly presenting such records (published by the abovementioned Archaeographical Commission), occasional and incidental editions, and the achievements of Russian, Polish, Lithuanian and Byelorussian historiography. What are the already visible effects of the veritable explosion of editions of sejmik records in the last decade and what are the prospects? In which research centres have editing projects been undertaken and what are the teams carrying them out?
O sejmikach XVIII w. uwag kilka
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas w Sosnowcu, Lityński Adam
Published: March 2023

The author studied noble parliamentary assemblies for many years. He knows a lot of their documents and he wrote a lot of works on noble parliamentary assemblies. Currently, two large volumes on noble parliamentary assemblies have been published. One is printed noble parliamentary assemblies’ documents from 18th century. The other is a Poznan noble parliamentary assembly’s monograph concerning the years 1764–1793. In connection to this, the author shares his thoughts on 18th century noble parliamentary assemblies. The author states that in general there are more works on 17th and the beginning of 18th century noble parliamentary assemblies. This is because this was the period of the greatest importance of noble parliamentary assemblies. The years 1764–1793 received less attention. Therefore the two volumes published recently are even more valuable. The aim of the article is to confront the author’s former findings with the content of the two published volumes regarding the noble parliamentary assemblies of the 18th century; in particular, when it comes to the Poznan noble parliamentary assembly’s monograph concerning the years 1764–1793. The author emphasized that until year 1764 there existed not many legal acts regulating the organization and functioning of the assemblies. This changed in the period of numerous reforms between 1764 and 1793. The author points out that liberalism and noble democracy in the Republic (Rzeczpospolita) were mainly realized to a large extent through the noble assemblies. Therefore, the noble parliamentary assemblies are a key research problem of the old Republic. The author points out that it was not only a state institution, but also a political idea. The noble parliamentary assemblies were an important part of the Polish political culture.