bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of schooling in auditory lexical decision
Authors: Naito Fernanda , Uessugue Vivian Leyne , Cabral Renata Amparado , Radanovic Márcia , Mansur Letícia Lessa
Published: September 2016

Abstract The task of lexical decision demands the functioning of the phonological loop to identify and discriminate strings of sounds and lexical knowledge to identify if this string can be taken as a real word or pseudo-word. Objective: To verify the effect of schooling on the performance of healthy elderly in lexical decision tasks, in the auditory modality. Methods: 23 Participants, aged sixty years or older were divided into two groups: 1-8 years and greater than 8 years of schooling. The PALPA lexical decision subtest containing words and pseudo-words was applied. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in identifying words and pseudo-words. Errors in pseudo-words predominated in both groups. Total scoring of the groups differed with worse performance in the group with less schooling. There was a tendency toward statistically significant difference. The errors in words occurred predominantly in words of low-imageability, especially in the lower educated group. In this group, there was a positive correlation between schooling and errors in pseudo-words. Conclusion: There was a mild effect of schooling in this task. Studies on lexical decision with larger samples could offer an important contribution for estimating pre-morbid skills and contribute to understanding pathological conditions.
Direct effect of p,p'- DDT on mice liver
Authors: Arroyo-Salgado Bárbara , Olivero-Verbel Jesús , Guerrero-Castilla Angélica
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Contact with the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′-DDT) can be the cause of various harmful effects in humans, wildlife, and the environment. This pesticide is known to be persistent, lipophilic, resistant to degradation, and bioaccumulive in the environment and to be slowly released into bloodstream. Growing evidence shows that exposure to DDT is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Individuals exposed to elevated levels of DDT and its metabolite have an increased prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance. To evaluate these possible relationships, experiments were performed on eight-week-old female mice, divided into three groups (n = 10 per group): Group 1 received a vehicle-control intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of sesame oil; Groups 2 and 3 received an i.p. dose of 50 and 100 µg/g p,p′-DDT respectively, dissolved in sesame oil. All groups were treated once daily for four days. Real-time PCR analysis of several genes was undertaken. Additionally, biochemical parameters and histopathological changes were measured. NQO1, HMOX1, NR1I3 and NR3C1 were up-regulated in DDT-exposed animals compared to the vehicle control group, while only SREBP1 was down-regulated in the 100 µg/g group. MTTP and FABP5, not previously reported for DDT exposure, but involved in regulation of fatty acid fluxes, could also function as biomarkers cross-talking between these signaling pathways. These results suggest that beyond epidemiological data, there is increasing molecular evidence that DDT may mimic different processes involved in diabetes and insulin resistance pathways.
Formulation and evaluation of orally disintegrating clopidogrel tablets
Authors: Mahrous Gamal Mohamed , Kassem Mohamed Gabr , Ibrahim Mohamed Abbas , Auda Sayed Hassan
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Recent advances in drug delivery systems have aimed to achieve better patient compliance. One of these advances is the formulation of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) that dissolve instantaneously, releasing drugs within a few seconds without the need of water. The main objective of this paper was to prepare and develop ODTs of clopidogrel. The ODTs were prepared by direct compression. The effect of three superdisintegrants, namely crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, and sodium starch glycolate, using three different disintegration times on the dissolution rate was investigated. The prepared tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, disintegration time and in vitro drug release. Furthermore, the interaction of clopidogrel with the formulation excipients was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC studies revealed that there were no interactions between the drug and the excipients used. All tablets had hardness values in the range 4.0-5.2 kp and friability lower than 1%. The weight and drug content uniformity of all formulations was within official limits according to BP. In vitro drug release studies of the ODTs showed that more than 90% of the drug was released within ten minutes. A palatability test in human volunteers showed acceptable taste and mouth feel. Thus, the obtained results conclusively demonstrated successful rapid disintegration of the formulated tablets and acceptable palatability.
Evaluation of the functionality of bread loaves prepared with quinoa flakes through biological tests
Authors: Gewehr Márcia Flach , Pagno Carlos Henrique , Danelli Daiane , Melo Lívia Marchi de , Flôres Simone Hickmann , Jong Erna Vogt de
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate quinoa flakes and bread prepared with the pseudocereal with regard to nutritional aspects by determining chemical composition, content of tocopherols and fatty acid composition as well as to possible beneficial effects in Wistar rats given commercial feed supplemented or not with quinoa flakes and cholesterol. The following parameters were determined: weight gain, food intake, liver weight, fat in liver and lipid profile in blood and liver. The results showed that processing affected the nutritional characteristics of bread because there was a significant increase in dietary fiber content but reduction in soluble fiber. Increased fiber did not influence food intake or weight gain. Regarding fat in liver of rats, the group that consumed bread without quinoa but with cholesterol showed higher lipid content. The addition of quinoa increased significantly the level of all types of tocopherols, especially in the group of animals that consumed 20% quinoa bread, improving the lipid profile both in blood and liver, largely due to a reduction in oxidized LDL.
CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG ADULT PATIENTS ADMITTED IN A STROKE UNIT
Authors: Makhoul Marina Portugal , Maso Iara , Monteiro Maiana , Rosa Isabella , Vasconcelos Lara , Mascarenhas Laísa , De Jesus Pedro Antônio , Pinto Elen Beatriz
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Previously referred to as rare in the population of young adults, in Brazil in the last five years a frequency found approaching 30 % of young adults between those who have suffered a stroke. OBJECTIVE: To identify the sociodemographic, clinical and functional characteristics of young adult patients. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted with individuals assisted in a stroke unit with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke diagnosis and age of 18-50 years old between August 2014 to April 2015. It was used the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). RESULTS: The study population consisted of 47 individuals, 28 (59,6%) were female, Average age 39,2 (DP±8,3) years old, brown skin color, 21 (44,7%). They had time in education of 8,9 years. With 28 (59,6%) patients were diagnosed with ischemic stroke, 30 (63,8%) had involvement of the anterior circulation, 23 (48,9%) the left hemisphere. 26 (55,3%) patients having Hypertension and was sedentary, 36 (76,6%).The stroke severity had a median of 7 ( 0-23 ) points and the functional capacity of patients was Rakin Scale 5, 30 (63,7%) . It was found a statistically significant difference for hypertensive etiology of hemorrhagic stroke in men ( p = 0.047) when compared with gender and the stroke of occurrence of the right hemisphere in women (p=0,032). CONCLUSION: The profile of the young adult patients from a stroke unit are females , of brown skin color, in socio economic activity with moderate stroke severity and severe functional disability
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE TO PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN AND NEWBORNS
Authors: Castro Trindade Soraya , Suzart Gomes-Filho Isaac , Seixas da Cruz Simone , Carpintero Rezende Edson José , Carôso Fróes Thiago , Oliveira Freitas Camila , Carvalho-Filho Paulo Cirino , De Santana Passos Johelle , De Moraes Cerqueira Eneida , Ferreira de Moura-Costa Lília , Costa Vale Vera , Meyer Roberto
Published: September 2016

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) the in subgingival biofilm, as well as to compare the immune responses of postpartum women and their newborns to Porphyromonas gingivalis using antibody serum levels.Methods: A total of 43 postpartum women and 24 newborns were selected in the municipal maternity hospital of Alagoinhas, Bahia, Brazil between February and December 2003, for this cross-sectional study. The presence of Pg was verified using polymerase chain reaction. The immunoglobulin serum levels: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and IgA, reactive to Pg ATCC33277, were tested using ELISA. Results: 39,3% of the postpartum women biofilm samples were positive for Pg. The incidence of the pathogen in the women with periodontitis (70%) was higher than in the group of women without periodontitis (30,30%). Among the newborns, high serum levels of IgG4 anti-Pg were observed (p<0.001).Conclusion: Our findings confirm that postpartum women with periodontitis present remarkable incidence of Porphyromonas gingivalis which may influence systemic response, as represented by high levels of serum antibody levels against this pathogen in women and newborns. Furthermore, evidence suggests that some antibodies crossed the placental barrier in newborns.
Comparative Review of Endurance Development in Cadets and Students in Track-and-Field Classes and Training at Educational Institutions of State Emergency Service of Ukraine
Authors: Жогло В. М.
Published: September 2016

The purpose of the research is to provide a comparative review of the endurance development in cadets and students in track-and-field classes and training at educational institutions of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine.

Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics of data reduction.

Research results. The study resulted in a comparative analysis of the levels of endurance development in the cadets and the first-year students of the School of Psychology and the School of Emergency Rescue Forces of the National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine.

Conclusions. The study results prove that the first-year students of the School of Psychology and the School of Emergency Rescue Forces have a low level of endurance (special and aerobic) as compared to the cadets. In this regard, the physical training syllabus ought to include more exercises intended to develop special and aerobic endurance.
Feasibility of Solid Waste Tuna Loin of Yellowfin Thunnus albacares Raw Materials for The Product Diversification
Authors: Kantun Wayan Kantun , Malik Andi Adam , Harianti Harianti
Published: September 2016

Indonesia is one country in the world exporters of tuna in the form of fresh, frozen and
processed. Tuna exported in processed form large enough to leave waste for exporting companies.
The purpose of this study was to determine a feasibility study on solid waste exported tuna loin for
raw material diversification. This research was conducted in Majene Makassar Strait. The study was
conducted using descriptive exploratory method by taking a sample of 3 times and each sample
was tested 3 times resulting in 9 times of testing for each of the observed variables. Chemical test
which includes moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates, and histamine. Microbiological test that
is E. coli, Salmonella and the total number of bacteria. Data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative
and quantitative display via Tables, Graphics and Image in the form of average value. The results
showed that the chemical solid waste tuna loin has a water content ranged from 78.34 to 78.78%,
protein content ranged from 14.32 to 16.41%, fat ranged from 1.56 to 1.66%, ash content ranged
from 5.18 to 5. 58%, carbohydrate content ranged from 1.29 to 1.34%, and histamine ranged from
2.08 to 3.21 mg / kg. Solid waste microbiologically tuna loin contains E.coli range from 1.2 to 1.9
(<2), Salmonella negative and TPC ranged from 1.4 to 1.8 x 105 kol/g. The results of chemical and
microbiological testing showed solid waste tuna loin still suitable as raw material diversification
products.
Effectiveness of Alkaline Pretreatment and Acetic Acid Hydrolysis on the Characteristics of Collagen from Fish Skin of Snakehead
Authors: Wulandari Wulandari , Suptijah Pipih
Published: September 2016

Fish skin is one of marine byproducts potential for alternative source of collagen. This study
investigated the effectiveness of alkaline and acetic acid pretreatment on the characteristics of
collagen from skin snakehead fish. The concentrations of alkaline pretreatment were 0.05; 0.1; 0.15
and 0.2 M for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours, acetic acid concentrations were 0.05 M, 0.1 M, 0.15 M and
0.2 M for 1 and 2 hours. The experimental design used for alkaline and acetic acid pretreatment
was factorial completely randomized design. The result showed that the concentration of alkaline
0.05 M for 6 hours have significant effect on the elimination of non-collagen protein (p<0.05),
whereas for the optimum acetic acid at a concentration 0.1 M for 2 hours significantly different
on solubility and swelling. Extraction yields of collagen was 16%, with characteristics of whiteness
66.67%, protein content 96.21%, viscosity 10 cP, Tmax 159.9oC and glass transition temperature
78.55oC. The dominant amino acid composition were glycine (27.11%), proline (13.87%) and
alanine (12.58%). Functional groups collagen from skin snakehead fish has β-sheet structure
which is a characteristic of collagen.
Segmentación de una cartera de afiliados de una administradora de fondo de pensiones mediante máquina de soporte vectorial
Authors: Luyo José , Favarato Paola , Peche Juan
Published: September 2016

En este trabajo se presenta un método de aprendizaje supervisado, denominado “máquina de soporte vectorial”, que permitirá segmentar una cartera de afiliados de una administradora de fondo de pensiones (AFP) e identificar a aquellos que tienen las características de traspaso. Con el incremento de alternativas para un ahorro previsional aumenta, al mismo tiempo, el número de traspasos de afiliados de las AFP. Por ello, identificar los distintos perfiles de estos se vuelve una tarea necesaria, a fin de prevenir la volatilidad del comportamiento de los afiliados respecto a su opción financiera.
Targeted Cancer Therapy: Vital Oncogenes and a New Molecular Genetic Paradigm for Cancer Initiation Progression and Treatment
Authors: Willis Rudolph E.
Published: September 2016

It has been declared repeatedly that cancer is a result of molecular genetic abnormalities. However, there has been no working model describing the specific functional consequences of the deranged genomic processes that result in the initiation and propagation of the cancer process during carcinogenesis. We no longer need to question whether or not cancer arises as a result of a molecular genetic defect within the cancer cell. The legitimate questions are: how and why? This article reviews the preeminent data on cancer molecular genetics and subsequently proposes that the sentinel event in cancer initiation is the aberrant production of fused transcription activators with new molecular properties within normal tissue stem cells. This results in the production of vital oncogenes with dysfunctional gene activation transcription properties, which leads to dysfunctional gene regulation, the aberrant activation of transduction pathways, chromosomal breakage, activation of driver oncogenes, reactivation of stem cell transduction pathways and the activation of genes that result in the hallmarks of cancer. Furthermore, a novel holistic molecular genetic model of cancer initiation and progression is presented along with a new paradigm for the approach to personalized targeted cancer therapy, clinical monitoring and cancer diagnosis.
Estudo dos custos das internações por cardiopatia isquêmica em indivíduos com e sem diabetes mellitus em centro de referência cardiológico do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro
Authors: Costa Márcia Gisele , Santos Marisa , Cintra Monica , Correia Marcelo
Published: September 2016

Objetivos: Estimar os custos diretos das internações hospitalares decorrentes de cardiopatia isquêmica, em pacientes com (DM) e sem diabetes mellitus (NDM). Verificar fatores determinantes de maior custo em ambos os grupos. Métodos: Coorte retrospectiva com 421 pacientes, entre janeiro de 2009 e março de 2010. Foram avaliados: tratamentos clínicos, intervenções hemodinâmicas e cirurgias. Custos obtidos de três formas diferentes: por valores oriundos do Sistema de Gerenciamento da Tabela de Procedimentos, Medicamentos e Órteses, Próteses e Materiais Especiais do Sistema Único de Saúde – SIGTAP, faturados pela unidade hospitalar, e busca ativa de recursos utilizados pelo paciente, denominado “custos da internação”. Os dados foram comparados pelo teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney; p ≤ 0,05 indicou testes estatisticamente significantes; análises realizadas pelo programa R, versão 3.1.0. Resultados: Foram avaliados 421 pacientes, 45,4% eram cardiopatas diabéticos (DM). Não ocorreram diferenças estatisticamente significantes para os valores de custos encontrados em nenhum dos grupos avaliados. Os itens determinantes de maior custo nos procedi[1]mentos de cirurgia cardíaca são os materiais e medicamentos que respondem a 41,9% do custo total no grupo DM e 48,4 no grupo NDM. No tratamento clínico são o procedimento de hemodiálise para DM (69,8%) e serviços profissionais para NDM (50,6%). Para intervenções hemodinâmicas, os procedimentos secundários geram maior custo para DM (48,8%) e os serviços profissionais para NDM (75,6%). Conclusões: Não houve impacto financeiro atribuível ao diabetes na internação hospitalar de pacientes cardíacos. Serviços profissionais, materiais e medicamentos, hemodiálise e procedimentos secundários são os determinantes de maior custo nos grupos de intervenções avaliados.
Ansiolíticos e antidepressivos dispensados na Atenção Básica: análise de custos e interações medicamentosas
Authors: Aguiar Clayre Anne , Macedo Felipe , Abdon Ana  Paula , Campos Adriana
Published: September 2016

Objetivo: Identificar o quantitativo, descrever o custo dos fármacos e verificar as possíveis interações medicamentosas entre os ansiolíticos e antidepressivos dispensados pela farmácia básica dos municípios do estudo. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e retrospectivo, realizado em municípios da região serrana cearense. A amostra foi colhida através dos livros de registros na Central de Abastecimento Farmacêutico e foram incluídos somente os medicamentos padronizados e comuns aos quatro municípios estudados, distribuídos gratuitamente à população. Resultados: Foram identificados 693 pacientes que receberam ansiolíticos e antidepressivos nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2014 nos municípios. O medicamento em maior uso foi o amitriptilina, seguido pelo diazepam e fluoxetina. Apesar dos antidepressivos constituírem 54% das unidades de medicamentos dispensadas, o seu custo correspondeu a 72% dos gastos com ansiolíticos e antidepressivos. Foi verificada a existência de interações medicamentosas importantes entre os medicamentos do estudo. Conclusões: Evidencia-se que um percentual expressivo da população estudada faz uso de psicofármacos ansiolíticos e antidepressivos, distribuição semelhante a estudos de base populacional em regiões brasileiras.
Unified Model of Heat Transfer in Gas/Oil/Water Pipe Flow
Authors: Zheng Wei , Zhang Hong-Quan , Sarica Cem
Published: September 2016

In oil and gas production, the heat transfer process occurs from reservoir porous media to surface facility. Accurate modeling of convective heat transfer coefficient of pipe flow will improve production facility design and help tackle flow assurance problems such as gas hydrates, scale, wax deposition, heavy oil production and transportation. This paper presents a unified gas/oil/water heat transfer model for pipe flow at inclinations from −90° to +90°. It provides a new approach to three-phase pipe flow mechanistic heat transfer modeling.

In this approach, three-phase hydrodynamic parameters were calculated first using Zhang and Sarica (2006) unified model. Then, the heat transfer models were developed for gas/oil/water three-phase flow patterns. The phase distributions were described as gas/liquid flow pattern and oil/water mixing status. Energy balance, temperature differences and variations were analyzed for each case. Overall heat transfer coefficients were derived and programmed. To test the program implementation, a synthetic field case was created and run. The temperature prediction was reasonably compared with commercial steady-state and dynamic multiphase flow simulators. The gas/oil/water heat transfer model was then compared with an oil/gas two-phase experimental data from Manabe (2001) for different flow patterns in a 52.5-mm inner diameter pipe from horizontal to upward-vertical inclinations. Overall performance of the present model was good. Convective heat transfer coefficient prediction was within 22% absolute average relative error. Mixture temperature was predicted within 1.5% absolute average relative error. After comparing with two-phase flow data, sensitivity of heat transfer coefficient to water cut was analyzed by changing the water cut from 0.0 to 1.0 under different flow conditions. Predicted convective heat transfer coefficient was sensitive to flow pattern, water cut and flow rate changes. Generally, the predicted convective heat transfer coefficient increases as water cut increases for the same flow pattern.
Testing of Environmental Friendly Paraffin Removal Products
Authors: Armacanqui J. Samuel , de Fátima Eyzaguirre L.. , Flores M. G. , Zavaleta D. Ernesto , Camacho F. E. , Grajeda A. W. , Alfaro A. D. , Viera M. R.
Published: September 2016

Paraffin can be deposited in any part of the flow conduit. It can affect the flow in the borehole near formation, the downhole pump, the tubing, surface flow lines, separators, storage tanks and pipe lines. The use of Xylene or chemical products of aromatic nature can affect other components of the well completion using elastomers such as packers and artificial lift components, potentially compromising well integrity. This justifies a growing demand for environmental friendly Technologies for the removal of paraffin in oil field operation by means of non-toxic, non-carcinogenic, non-flammable, biodegradable products. As opposed to acidic products the action of the environmental friendly products requires the help of mechanical forces. This paper describes appropriate test procedures and laboratory set up to test the efficiency of the products prior to their field use. This requires that the test conditions reproduces the well and facility system. The presented set up further enables the concentration optimization of the recipe.

Paraffin and mother oil samples have been tested in the lab in order to determine its potential for use in the field. Environmental friendly paraffin removal products were selected that are non-toxic, non-flammable and non-carcinogenic. The elaborated set up and test procedure enables identification of the most effective product and to optimize its concentration.

In the first phase of this evaluation Dispersants based on biodegradable Surfactants are tested. Further investigation on second phase will focus on Wax Cristal Modifiers such as Polymers. For both phases the multipurpose properties of the chemicals will be evaluated.

The presented phase wise investigative approach supports a workflow that effectively encourages the participation of everybody in the organization in the introduction of new innovative ideas and Technologies thus contributing a continuous improvement mode and a shift to an innovations friendly organization.
Evaluation of an Advanced Metal Bonded Coating Technology for Improved SAGD Performance
Authors: Zhu Da , Leitch Michael , Wang Jingyi , Shi Xingwei , Gong Lu , Aghaie Ermia , Luo Jing-li , Zeng Hongbo
Published: September 2016

Due to the high temperature, high pressure and sophisticated chemical environment in heavy oil wells, Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is considered one of the most challenging service conditions for carbon steel equipment. This paper introduces an advanced metal-metal bonded coating technology-electroless nickel (EN) coating and its applications in SAGD operations to protect downhole equipment from fouling due to corrosion, adhesion of inorganic and organic materials as well as the impacts of wettability alteration. In the first chapter, we will describe the complex and hostile thermal-chemical environment, their impacts on the SAGD production system and the fouling causes. We will compare the performance of EN coating to that of regular carbon steel pipe in the following aspects: a) corrosion resistance in the presence of sour gases using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarization methods; b) adhesion of silica, bitumen coated silica using atomic force microscopy, and c) surface energy and wettability alteration using contact angle measurements. The set-up of the facility, procedures of the tests and governing science and engineering principles will be reviewed. In the end, we will introduce the results of laboratory and SAGD field experiments designed to investigate the EN coating technology in protecting the substrate materials under SAGD conditions.
Enhanced Production with ICD and AICD Completions in Oil Wells: Case Studies From Latin America
Authors: Porturas F..
Published: September 2016

Well completions in Latin American oil and gas fields are characterized by many challenging conditions, including reservoir traps with high structural and sedimentological complexity, diverse hydrocarbon reservoir fluids and rock properties, as well as fluid PVT properties and wettability characteristics that vary regionally within a reservoir. In addition, production units on land, offshore and particularly in deepwater environments have limited gas and water treatment capabilities. Accordingly, the objective of many assets is to produce at the lowest possible gas-oil ratio (GOR) and water cut (WCUT).

Horizontal wells are often completed with conventional slotted liners. Historical production data confirmed by several production logs indicate that a vast number of wells are under-performing due to non-uniform reservoir influx along the wellbore. This results in early water or gas coning and uneven reservoir drainage that leaves valuable bypassed oil in the ground. To compound the issue, the rapid production increase of highly mobile fluids such as water or gas generates high operational costs for fluid treatment, re-injection, and disposal.

Previous publications have explained Inflow Control Devices (ICD) and Autonomous Inflow Control Devices (AICD) principles and design. This paper present and describes examples of successful inflow control device installations in oil well producers in Latin America; installed to produce oil while restricting unwanted water in heavy oil reservoirs. A few variation of inflow control types covering a wide rnage of oil viscosities from 0.6 to 1000+ cP and rock properties and installations in already pre-installed screens to minimize water and gas entry, balance GOR, pressure drawdown aimed to re-vitalize mature fields.

ICDs and AICDs technologies have shown robustness and production performance, reducing high water production at a well, group or field level, extending production life and reducing production costs by minimizing the risk of handling unwanted fluids at the surface and leaving bypassed oil underground.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Combined Enhanced Oil Recovery with In Situ Upgrading in a Naturally Fractured Reservoir
Authors: Chavez-Morales Silvia , Pereira-Almao Pedro
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this research work is to show laboratory experiments conducted at 1500 psi and 350°C, experimentally simulating a reservoir located in the Gulf of Mexico. The experiments conducted used a novel process that involved a hot fluid to be injected with an ultra-dispersed nano catalyst. The results obtained showed that API gravity can be improved permanently as well as its viscosity, with the advantage of no coke or solid deposits formation. Laboratory analyses showed that by using this new process it is possible to enter into the matrix zone, expelling at least partially the oil confined inside.

As a consequence of the temperature increase, matrix rock may expand and expel its oil; while temperatures decrease, the pores in the matrix could be contracted, generating additional oil expulsion from this area. As a consequence of this expansion-contraction in the reservoir the reserves could be increased. Also, a change in the permeability appears due to the temperature increases.

The present study was focused in oil matrix extraction and in situ oil upgrading from a naturally fractured reservoir of heavy oil as a result of a hot fluid injection with nano catalyst. Moreover, the effects of capillary pressure, mobility, viscous effects, wettability, and gravitational drainage on the process were analyzed. Another aspect that was studied is how the thermal expansion generated as a consequence of the process that could expel the oil confined in the matrix.
The origin of the aesthetic elements in traditional forms of Far-eastern martial arts
Authors: Filipović Aleksandar
Published: September 2016

In light of the fact that Far-eastern martial arts have to be viewed as an inseparable part of the cultural traditions of China and Japan, their aesthetic character is tied to traditional cultural concepts which dominate these cultures, such as the concept of the unity of opposites, better known as yin and yang; the concept of the Road (the Tao) as a symbol of continuing self-improvement; the concept of Chi or Qui energy which permeates the cosmos as well as individual beings, etc. These concepts owe their existence and development first and foremost to the religious and philosophical systems which shaped and influenced all segments of these two great cultures, and not just the martial tradition. On the other hand, performance arts weren’t spared this same influence. Performance arts and martial arts of the Far East had an intertwined history and strongly influenced each other. The aim of this paper will be to give an outline of the basic concepts connected to the aesthetics of the martial arts of China and Japan and point out the similar roots in other segments of cultural tradition.
Epics, popular culture and politics in a modern work of art
Authors: Merenik Lidija
Published: September 2016

“Death in Dallas” is a video-installation by Zoran Naskovski comprised of a) visual documentary material connected to the assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the president of the USA and materials about his public and private life; b) a soundtrack comprised of a poem accompanied by gusle by Jozo Karamatić with decasyllabic lyrics “Death in Dallas” by Božo Lasić. The unexpected and strange combo birthed a work of art which contains different layers of meaning and one of the most complete postmodern works of art in Serbian modern art. Naskovski had combined the seemingly incompatible codes of popular culture into a specific artistic method of its own genre – “Balkan noise”. Using the method of “noise” music, in which every noise, soundscape or voice has equal meaning and value; he included epics, tradition, politics, popular and folk culture. Finally, by doing so he had completely shifted the paradigm from modern to postmodern, from the substance of myth to a demystification of this type of representation.
Concept of 'bad death' in language and culture
Authors: Vučković Marija
Published: September 2016

Following previous research on the linguistic concept of а 'bad death' which lexical expression is the word family of the verb ginuti, I focus my attention in this paper on the relationship between language conceptualization of а 'bad death' and the representation of а 'bad death' in traditional and contemporary culture. Diachronically based language corpus makes possible to trace the changes of referential frame and use of verb ginuti and its derivatives which reflect layering and transformation of cultural models over a time. In the traditional culture а 'bad death' is marked in action code by irregular way of burial and beliefs in demons stemming from the 'impure dead'. In the paper I explore the degree of synonymy of the symbols of all three codes: verbal code, action code and code of beliefs. In the contemporary culture the lack of individual control and choice is considered to be the key element of the concept of a 'bad death'. This change of conceptual content manifests itself in the use of its lexical expressions.
Theoretical orientation and validity of observation in sociology and anthropology
Authors: Ilić Vladimir
Published: September 2016

This article discusses closely related issues of the theoretical orientation and the validity of the application of the method of observation in sociology and anthropology. It was preceded by a text which discussed issues of meeting the principles of objectivity, systematicity and reliability when using observation as a research method. General problem of the relationship between theory and research in the application of observation will be analyzed in the subsequent article.

Introductory section shows the general framework of a hypothetical - deductive conception of science and the role of the method of observation in this context. The next section of the article analyzes the effort of finding denying cases and discusses the limits of the method of analytical induction. This section deals with the influence of data analysis in qualitative form obtained by (usually participatory) observation and constructing explanations on the validity of the observation. The next section of the article shows the possibility of increasing the validity of the observation by including other sources and methods of data collection. The final section shows the impact of over-emphasizing the epistemological difference between qualitative and quantitative orientation in sociology and anthropology on the possibility of increasing the validity of the observation as a research method.
“The Russians are coming, the Russians are coming” – an apology of detente
Authors: Kovačević Ivan , Ribić Vladimir
Published: September 2016

The 1966 film The Russians are coming, the Russians are coming is a film which promotes the politics of detente in America. After cold war era films in which the Soviets are exclusively portrayed as spies endangering America, this is the first film to portray them as positive characters, while ridiculing those who propagate war and confrontation. After the Cuban crisis and the process of stopping the spread of nuclear weapons it was necessary to show the American public the funny face of detente. In the comedy about sailors from a stranded Soviet submarine confrontation is always possible but us avoided through solidarity and communal efforts. This apology of detente, intended to calm the cold war situation and anti-war lobbies in America is one-sided, because there weren’t any such films on the other side. What happened over there during the detente period is evident by the following decade in which the largest number of military interventions by the Soviet and Cuban armies around the world occurred.
We Have Come to Stay and We Shall Find All Means to Live and Work in this Country: Nigerian Migrants and Life Challenges in South Africa
Authors: Ikuomola Adediran Daniel , Zaaiman Johan
Published: September 2016

In recent times many Nigerians have been singled out when it comes to criminal activities and xenophobic attacks in South Africa, which leads to disruption of the hitherto cordial relationship between South African host communities and Nigerian migrants. Nevertheless, the rate of Nigerians migrating to South Africa keeps soaring. Studies of migration between Nigeria and South Africa, have been scanty, often limited to the study of traditional economic disparity between the two countries with less emphasis on the social-cultural challenges facing Nigerian migrants in the host communities. This paper thus examined the socio-economic and cultural challenges facing Nigerian migrants in selected communities in Johannesburg, South Africa. Data for the study were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with Nigerian migrants in Hillbrow, Braamfontein and Alexandra suburbs in Johannesburg, South Africa.
“Love at first sight”: TV shows. And introduction into anthropological analysis
Authors: Kovačević Ivan , Brujić Marija
Published: September 2016

Television shows are a noted and important form of popular culture. They are subject to anthropological research as much as any other form of pop culture and this has been done in the new Serbian anthropology which had included them in its inventory of researchable phenomena. By researching television shows, an anthropologist researches contemporary society and the meanings and values contained in the shows, as well as through the reception of these contents. The anthropological study of TV shows in Serbia resulted in a number of papers which are mostly about shows produced in Serbia and only in one case abroad (Buffy the Vampire Slayer), studied from the aspect of reception. As it would be expected, most of the attention of anthropologists had been garnered by TV shoes with high ratings, such as Srećni ljudi, Porodično blago, Kursadžije, Mile protiv tranzicije and Moj rođak sa sela.
Short cuts: Anthropological study of contemporary comercials
Authors: Kovačević Ivan , Milosavljević Ljubica
Published: September 2016

The anthropological study of commercials is based on the meaning of the entire content of the commercial, in order to contextualize the time and space in which the commercial is made and used. On the basis of this analytical step it can be determined which values the commercial contains and what its relationship to the value system in its surroundings is. The analytical steps of the semiology of commercials, as the most important methodological approach in the anthropological analysis of commercials, is generated from the general semiological approach but can also be “borrowed” from the semiology of visual images, especially the semiology of film.
The Craft of Archaeology and Dialogue with the Public
Authors: Babić Staša
Published: September 2016

Over the last decades, especially among the postprocessualy oriented archaeologists, the link between the research into the past and various relations of domination in the modern world has been explicitly articulated, as well as the ways in which the discipline engages in the dialogue with its social context, widely encompassed by the notion of the public. On the other hand, the eminent representatives of other theoretical approaches in archaeology, such as Gordon Childe, have argued for the purpose of archaeological research in the search for knowledge leading to more just and human society much before this clearly value-oriented proclamation. The message conveyed by archaeologists to the public depends on the choice of the segment of this wide notion and whose interests an individual researcher decides to enforce, regardless of the theoretical and methodological inclinations.
The “Internationalization” of First Names: Gorani People in Belgrade and Germans in Vojvodina
Authors: Đorđević Crnobrnja Jadranka , Krel Aleksandar
Published: September 2016

The paper considers the social practice of giving and using first names among Gorani people in Belgrade and Germans in Vojvodina in the late 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. The first name, along with the surname represents the primary identification code, and it also often figures as a marker and symbol of ethnic and/or religious identity. This is known as the use of anthroponymy in the construction of the ethnic and religious identity of the individual. While the link between first names and ethnic and religious backgrounds may exist, it should not be the main means of identification. However, this occurs in practice. Due to this form of identification, people can experience various problems. Keeping this in mind, the paper considers the influence of outside (macro) factors on the choice and usage of first names among Gorani people in Belgrade and Germans in Vojvodina with the intent to establish and explain
The Anthropology of Football
Authors: Kovačević Ivan , Žikić Bojan
Published: September 2016

Anthropological interest in football has been on the rise since the beginning of the century, which can be attested to by the rising number of studies, papers, collective publications and scientific conferences on the topic. Seeing as anthropology is no longer the study of the culturally bizarre and exotic, it is clear that the first anthropological studies of football as a cultural phenomenon are linked to those environments in which football figures as an important cultural trait, which is the reason why this sub discipline thrived in Europe or in places where football was treated as an esoteric phenomenon and where there as a longer tradition of anthropological study of native cultures. From the first analogies between the game of football and its rules with rituals of so called primitive cultures, the anthropological study of football developed into a relatively encompassing approach which includes interest in all the actors who establish the game as a public, cultural good – players, experts, supporters, journalists, organizers etc. – as well as its various cultural manifestations, in the form of a tool for the construction of identity and cultural symbol, a leisure activity with ties to economy, to a specific apotheosis of the concepts of globalization and commodification of culture. Anthropological studies of football are present in Serbia as well, and their subject matter corresponds to the role and position held by football, as a cultural artefact, in Serbian society and other countries in the region.
Archaeological Exhibitions in Serbia: Foundations of Museum Archaeology
Authors: Cvjetićanin Tatjana
Published: September 2016

Although every local museum or parts of national museums keep archaeological finds, museums in general play a very limited role on the archaeological scene, often being passive and marginalized. Well-grounded investigation into the archaeological objects kept in museum collections and, above all, the public domain of museums, the nature of collections and exhibitions, both permanent and occasional, have not been adequately recognized, discussed or considered. In spite of the fact that museum exhibitions legitimize the dominant social and political norms of the present, museums remain marginalized, separated from the currents of various pertinent disciplines, and not prepared for the necessary changes. Archaeological theory, shaping the archaeological practice of museums as well, is not understood as its constituent part, and the interpretive context in which exhibitions are created, contents and nature of interpretation are not considered.

The analysis of the exhibitions of the National Museum in Belgrade, being the paradigm of museum archaeology in Serbia up to the middle of the 20th century, has shown that the culture-historical approach, the idea of continuity and dynamic artistic presentations of alienated past have marked this public presence of museums. The Museum has developed from the storage space and knowledge presentation, over exhibition space to an ideal museum, dominated by estheticized expositions, establishing various official representations of the past. The changes in the theory of museology, somewhat coinciding with the changes in archaeological theory, have posed a new challenge to museum archaeology, that may be defined in short as the need for the new interpretation of the past.
Archaeology in Public and Media: A Short Introduction to Theoretical Premises of the Dialogue on Heritage
Authors: Vranić Ivan
Published: September 2016

Along with many different definitions of archaeology, from the inception of the discipline to the present, it may be valid to assert that it is a kind of complex dialogue on heritage with the public of contemporary societies. In this dialogue, archaeologists have directly constructed social memories and modern identities, this being an exceptional responsibility, and have at the same time been susceptible to ethnocentric transfers of modern values and expectations into the images of the past. In this respect, it may well be said that the public is not only the most important consumer of cultural heritage, but also an active participant indirectly influencing the shaping of archaeological interpretations of the past. Thanks to the global trends in the discipline, but also due to the administrative decisions of the Ministry of Culture and Information, archaeology in Serbia is compelled to intensify contacts with the public and to make the results of our work more readily accessible and economically sustainable. The paper aims to offer a short overview of theoretical premises of various models of collaboration of archaeology and the public, to point to the advantages and shortcomings, as well as the consequences of these approaches, thus warning of the many potential problems stemming from the uncritical dissemination of information on the past and heritage to the general public.
Museum Course and Archaeology in Belgrade during the World War II
Authors: Bandović Aleksandar
Published: September 2016

The museum course in the Museum of Prince Paul in Belgrade lasted from 1942 to 1944, initiated by Miodrag Grbić, one of the curators of the Museum. The whole generation of the post-war archaeologists, art historians, and architects stemmed from the lectures of Miodrag Grbić, Đorđe Mano Zisi, Milan Kašanin and Ivan Zdravković. The course became the turning point in the history of archaeology, a sort of parallel university in the occupied city. However, it should not be valorised isolated from other events in Belgrade during the World War II. The German authorities established new institutions in charge of heritage protection in the occupied Serbia – Kunst und Denkmalschutz, the department chaired by Baron Johann von Reiswitz. Himmler’s organization Ahnenerbe was also active in the region of Belgrade and Serbia. As part of its activities, Wilhelm Unverzagt, the director of the Berlin museum conducted the excavations at Kalemegdan. These excavations symbolically legitimized the German presence in Belgrade. On the other hand, the project became one of the topoi of the ideology of collaborationism. The students of the museum course acquired their practical training during these excavations.