bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Research of the Bending of Triangle Plate in One Boundary with Mixed Variable Method
Authors: Meng De Liang , Chen Ying Jie
Published: September 2012

In many engineering, the moment will have the influence of the bending of the triangular plate. The bending problem of under a concentrated bending moment is discussed. The principle of mixed action with variables is applied to calculate equation, which are given two border and trilateral fixation without assuming the complicated function of placement. Then the corresponding equations can be attained basing on all kinds of boundary conditions straight girder and elastic thin triangular plate. So, fussy processes are overcome and this method is fitter for the problem to solve difficulty by the others method. This method is simple and clear, and by it the complicated solutions for the problems of cantilever triangular plate are simplified. The corresponding chart and the result are given. The result can be a reference for engineering and give an efficacious, simple, convenient method to design for bending plate of structures.
Tool-Path Calculation for NC Machining the Helical Surface of Screw Shaft Based on the End Section
Authors: Han Quan Quan , Liu Ri Liang
Published: September 2012

With the increasingly wide use of screw components in industry, technologies for efficiently fabricating the complex helical surfaces on these components play an important role in modern metal-working. In this paper, the helical surface of a screw shaft is mathematically modeled based on the profile of its end section, and the whirlwind milling process and its requirements for machining the screw using standard cutter blades are overviewed. Then a theoretical approach to calculating the tool path and the corresponding movements of the machine axes for producing such a helical surface are presented. Finally a case study is provided with an example screw whose end section is described using sampled points.
Relation between Topological Entropies and Fractal Dimensions of Chaotic Attractors of the Hénon Map
Authors: Chen Xiao Zhou , Xiong Liang Lin , Li Long
Published: September 2012

In two-dimensional chaotic dynamics, relationship between fractal dimensions and topological entropies is an important issue to understand the chaotic attractors of Hénon map. we proposed a efficient approach for the estimation of topological entropies through the study on the integral relationship between fractal dimensions and topological entropies. Our result found that there is an approximate linear relation between their topological entropies and fractal dimensions.
Analytical Estimation of Structural Integrity for a Thermocouple in Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Cho Bang Hyun , Jung Hoon Hyung , Hwang Jae Duk , Kim Chae Sil , Choi Hun Oh
Published: September 2012

Thermocouples used for temperature measurement in nuclear power plants should meet the seismic qualification regulations of -IEEE Std 323 and 344 so as to withstand big vibrations such as earthquakes. In this paper, we establish a model for the estimation of the structural integrity of the thermocouples that are used in nuclear reactor building models. We then review the need for seismic measure using modal analysis and the boundary condition. If the natural frequency is less than 33 Hz for the installation environment, response spectrum analysis was carried out taking into consideration the weight of this interpretation and that of the seismic load models in the input response curves (Floor Response Spectra) OBE (Operation Base Earthquake), and SSE (Safe Shutdown Earthquake). Finally, analytical estimation of the structural integrity of a thermocouple is performed by making a comparison of the maximum stress and the allowable stress.
Kinematics Performance Optimization for 6PUS Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Tan Xing Qiang
Published: September 2012

Several crucial parameters to a new type of 6PUS parallel mechanism is introduced in this paper. In order to select optimization parameters to kinematics performance index, evaluated method for kinematics performance index of this mechanism is concluded and in it’s full working field loci sample arithmetic is built to calculate condition number of Jaccobian matrix that was proved is important to kinematics performance. Based on this theory to study kinematics performance and according to Kinematics performance index optimized parameters are obtained. The research results show that the preferable range of length of motion platform is from 0.45m to 0.50m and that of width of motion platform is from 0.65m-0.70m,as well as that of length of tie rods is from 0.98m to 1.08m and that of span of guide rail is not less than 1.0m.
Study on the Structural Safety Evaluation for Pressure Vessel of the CNG Vehicle Using F.E.M.
Authors: Kim Eui Soo , Kim Jong Hyuk , Moon Byung Sun , Goh Jae Mo
Published: September 2012

CNG vehicles have to be equipped with a safe and reliable storage tank, such as composite pressure vessels, since the failure of the CNG storage tank induces fatal damages to passengers. In this research, the cause of vessel facture is investigated through formal inspection and engineering test procedures. Specifically, the composite pressure vessel design will be validated using the finite element method. In order to validate values of the optimal design variables in accordance with standard of the high pressure gas safety management, we used safety probability such as Von-Mises yield criterion, Tsai-Hill theory and stress ratio.
Reel-to-Reel Processing of Buffer Layers and YBCO on Textured Substrate
Authors: Liu Hui Zhou , Yang Jian , Zhang Hua
Published: September 2012

High Tc superconducting tapes based on YBCO Coated Conductor have been extensively studied to develop the processing techniques for application. In this paper, two self-designed reel-to-reel deposition systems (Sputtering and PLD) were installed. Continuous deposition of multi-layer CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3 buffer layers were carried out on biaxially textured NiW substrate using reactive sputtering. YBCO films were coated on the CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3 buffered NiW substrate by continuous PLD subsequently. To achieve high current carrying capacities, combinations of various deposition conditions were explored. X-ray diffraction measurements show good in-plane and out-plane texture in buffer layers and YBCO films. The transition temperature of the YBCO was 89 K and the critical current is over 50 A at 77 K in 1 meter long YBCO tapes.
Research on the Hierachical Representation Model of IOT Based on RDF
Authors: Yi Chao , Liao Hong Zhi , Li Zhen Xiong
Published: September 2012

With the development of Internet of Things(IOT), the method for intergrating information is with mufti-nodes and mufti-sources instead of single-node and single-source; heterogeneous information sharing and integration must also be solved. Focusing on this problem, the article discusses the key information integration technology in the heterogeneous environment of IOT, summarizes the information organization and expression of IOT, separates information sources from the network node, and defines node, information source and information item of IOT. Then the information model of heterogeneous system based on RDF is presented and the reference model of the five level interface protocols is designed. This design better meets the demands of distribution and heterogeneity of IOT nodes.
Modeling and Simulation of Aircraft Assembly Line Based on Quest
Authors: Lu Hu , Liu Xia , Pang Wei , Ye Wen Hua , Wei Bi Sheng
Published: September 2012

The assembly line is very complicated and its performance directly determines the aircraft production efficiency and cost. Therefore, the modeling, simulation and optimization for aircraft assembly line are very important. In this paper, a modeling and simulation approach for aircraft assembly line based on Quest simulation software has been investigated. Firstly, the characteristics of the aircraft assembly and Quest are briefly introduced in this article. Then, the assembly process model of center fuselage was established, the assembly process is simulated and analyzed, the bottleneck in the production line has been found, which can be used to optimize the assembly line.
Application of Entropy Weight Method and TOPSIS Model in the Cold-Chain Logistics and Distribution Center Location
Authors: Jia Zheng Yuan , Yang Xia Xia
Published: September 2012

Based on system theory thinking and combing the qualitative and quantitative analysis method, this paper analyze the related factors affecting the cold-chain logistics and distribution center location. By building mathematical model for cold-chain logistics and distribution center location, and analyzing an example application, this paper verifies the rationality and feasibility of the model, and cold-chain logistics resource is configured appropriately.
Magnetron Sputtering Applied in Ni-Mn-Ga Films Preparation
Authors: Shi Jia Zi , Chen Chuan Zhong , Dang Xing
Published: September 2012

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) thin films have attracted much attention in recent years as intelligent and functional materials because of their unique properties. Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) show large straining output, high impetus and short response time induced by the magnetic field, compared with traditional shape memory alloys. In this paper, Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys flims prepared by magnetron sputtering are introduced, and the research direction of Ni-Mn-Ga films is presented.
Research on the Effect on Material Characteristics of GCr15 Steel Guide Rail in Laser Heat Treatment Condition
Authors: Lu Hong , Khaing Mi Aye Su , Liu Jian , Zou Lin
Published: September 2012

The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of heat treatment in three different temperatures on microstructures and microhardness properties of GCr15 steel guide rail. In this paper, we described laser heat treating with three different temperature levels (no temperature heat treatment condition, low and high temperature heat treatment condition) of the specimens and the basic preparation outlining of the metallographic specimens. The result of microstructure and the hardness of the samples were examined using metallographic microscope equipped with camera. From the experimental results can get the highest hardness and fatigue resistance. This research paper also intended to improve the laser heat treatment technology and to investigate the highest hardness of the material. Moreover, the high hardness material can be applied and replacement in a particular applications.
Expert System of the Fiber-Optical Detection for Colon Hydropathy
Authors: Wang Ching Kuo
Published: September 2012

Colon hydropathy implies that the filtrated water pumped into the rectum keeps regular colon squirm, and sweeps away poisonous excrements. The PC-based ryodoraku technique has played increasingly important role in the field of traditional Chinese medicine because of its advantages of better preventive diagnosis, less side effects and inexpensive medicare. Since the 1950’s, Dr. Nakatani Yoshio has developed the ryodoraku methodology to measure skin resistance for the purpose of preventive diagnosis based on Chinese acupuncture and the qi-field theory. From the viewpoint of the preventive medicine, rehabilitated smooth muscles and well-balanced probiotics would improve self-repair functions and reduce the carcinogen of the colon. However, long-lasting hydropathical process for existed products on the market may result in unpredictable side effects from the viewpoint of drug dynamics. On the other hand, repeated use of colonoscopes could not only be expensive but contaminative in considering of colon viruses. This paper is focused on the clinical research of the drug dynamics and the development of a PC-based technique in the colon hydropathy. A clinical platform with disposable optical fibers is schemed to assure the biomorphic balance of colon. Finally, clinical experiments are carefully schemed to justify the advantages of the proposed algorithm in Tse-En Clinic of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Short-Term Prediction on the Time Series of PCP Speed Based on Elman Neural Network
Authors: Lv Xiao Ren , Luo Xuan , Wang Shi Jie , Nie Rui
Published: September 2012

Elman neural network is a classical kind of recurrent neural network. It is well suitable to predict complicated nonlinear dynamics system like progressing cavity pump (PCP) speed due to its greater properties of calculation and adaptation to time-varying with the comparison of BP neural network. This paper provides one method to create, predict, and decide the model of PCP speed based on Elman neural network. At the same time, short-term prediction is made on time series of PCP speed using this model. The results of the experiment show that the model owns higher precision, steadier forecasting effect and more rapid convergence velocity, displaying that this kind of model based on Elman neural network is feasible and efficient to predict short-term PCP speed.
Investigation to Angular Resolution in Cube-Orientation-Based Interactions
Authors: Yin Ji Bin , Liu Tao
Published: September 2012

This study empirically explores a cube-shaped tool, focusing on the properties of its angle input. By tracking the fiducial marker on each side of the cube in real-time, basic operations such as rotating and tilting can produce the angle input modalities. We conduct an experiment that investigates the use of the angle input to perform a set of experimental tasks. In the experiment we design an angle selection task, varying the angle position and interval. The experimental results show that for rotation angle even 1 degree of angle can still be accurately discriminated whereas that limit goes beyond 3 degrees in case of tilt. A logarithm model can describe the relationship between angle interval and selection time.
Analysis of Logistics Center Location-Selecting Based on GIS - Take Li County as an Example
Authors: Gao Meng , Dong Ming Wang
Published: September 2012

This paper analyzes influence factors of logistics center location and chooses natural environment, infrastructure condition and other factors to analyze site selection of logistics center in Li County with the help of GIS technology. The result shows that the planning logistics center meets the design requirements of construction.
The Study of Network Authentication Methods Based on Palmprint and Digital Watermarking
Authors: Li Fei , Tang Ling
Published: September 2012

Semi-fragile digital watermarking is able to distinguish between accidental attacks and malicious tampering, thus been closely watched in terms of multimedia content authentication. From the perspective of combining digital watermarking technology and palmprint identification, using the hidden and semi-fragile features of digital watermarking and the invariance character of palm information, the two-factor network authentication can be realized. The authentication enhances network security, and it is also a strong authentication scheme. The paper put forward a network authentication method based on palmprint and digital watermarking. The digital watermarking algorithm based on logistic encryption and discrete wavelets transform (DWT). The experimental results show that the algorithm has good semi-fragile feature, it can determine the authenticity of the palmprint image, so the method increases the reliability and efficiency of user authentication.
Unstable Manifold of Hénon Map
Authors: Chen Bo , Jia Meng
Published: September 2012

A new algorithm is presented for computing one dimensional unstable manifold of a map and Hénon map is taken as an example to test the performance of the algorithm. The unstable manifold is grown with new point added at each step and the distance between consecutive points is adjusted according to the local curvature. It is proved that the gradient of the manifold at the new point can be predicted by the known points on the manifold and in this way the preimage of the new point could be located immediately. During the simulation, it is found that the unstable manifold of Hénon map coincides with its direct iteration when canonical parameters are chosen which means order is obtained out of chaos. In the other several groups of parameters the two branches of the unstable manifolds are nearly symmetric, and they serve as the borderline of the Hénon map iteration sequence. We hope that this would contribute to the further exploration of Hénon map.
Laminated Bamboo and the Design Applications
Authors: Jing Nan , Fang Hai
Published: September 2012

Analyze and conclude the versatile possibility of laminated bamboo based on the Chinese bamboo furniture’s fine tradition. And take the accomplishments done by the western designers for example, and then appeal designers to exploit the material core value by good design. The aim is obviously to publicize the advantages of laminated bamboo and finally realize this ecological material to be universalized.
Characterization of Hyperelastic (Rubber) Material Using Uniaxial and Biaxial Tension Tests
Authors: Adeel Yawar Jamil , Muhammad Ahsan Irshad , Zeeshan Azmat
Published: September 2012

Hyperelastic material simulation is necessary for proper testing of products functionality in cases where prototype testing is expensive or not possible. Hyperelastic material is nonlinear and more than one stress-strain response of the material is required for its characterization. The study was focused on prediction of hyperelastic behavior of rubber neglecting the viscoelastic and creep effects in rubber. To obtain the stress strain response of rubber, uniaxial and biaxial tension tests were performed. The data obtained from these tests was utilized to find the coefficients of Mooney-Rivlin, Odgen and Arruda Boyce models. Verification of the behavior as predicted by the fitted models was carried out by comparing the experimental data of a planar shear test with its simulation using the same constitutive models.
Thermo-Mechanical Testing of Epoxy Shape Memory Polymer Composites
Authors: Basit Abdul , L’Hostis Gildas , Durand Bernard
Published: September 2012

In this work the two epoxy composites the controlled behavior of composite material (CBCM) and the thermally activated symmetrical composite (SYMM) have been tested for their shape memory property. These composites have been heated above their glass transition temperature (Tg) and deformed to the same displacement. The activated position has been taken as the reference point for displacement measurements during the fixing cycle. During the recovery, two types of tests have been conducted: Unconstrained recovery test and constrained recovery test. It has been found that the recovery of CBCM plate is better as compared to the SYMM plate (unconstrained recovery test). Similarly, it has been found that CBCM plate produces larger forces of recovery than SYMM plates (constrained recovery test).
Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar Welded Joints between Duplex Stainless Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Wang Shao Gang , Li Yan , Zhai Wei Guo
Published: September 2012

The dissimilar metals components of duplex stainless steels are more and more used in engineering fields recently. But the welding of dissimilar metals is more a challenge than that of similar metals. The joints of dissimilar metals between 2205 duplex stainless steel and 304 austenitic stainless steel were produced by tungsten inert gas arc welding (GTAW) with welding wire ER2209 and ER309, respectively. The microstructural characterization of welded joints is systematically analyzed by using optical microscope and X-ray diffractometer. The pitting corrosion resistance of the joints is evaluated by electrochemical test. Results show that the microstructure of joint consists of austenite and ferrite, and no detrimental phases precipitate in the weldment. The biphase ratio of austenite (γ) / ferrite (α) is adequate both in weld metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ), which is advantageous to the performance of welded joints. The weld metals have relatively lower pitting corrosion resistance compared with the 2205 base metal, and the pitting corrosion resistance of the joint produced with ER2209 is better than that of the joint with ER309 in chloride solution.
Hydroentangled Polymer-Glass Bi-Layer Fibrous Composites
Authors: Tausif Muhammad , Russell Stephen J.
Published: September 2012

Hydroentangling (bonding of fabrics by means of high velocity water jets), is utilised to entangle polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and glass fibre layers which are industrially applied as high performance carriers for bitumen roofing products. Conventionally, a resin post-treatment is frequently applied to strengthen pre-entangled PET/glass fabrics whereas in the current study promising mechanical properties were obtained without the need for resin treatment. Non-destructive characterisation using x-ray microtomography reveals the transverse structure of these mechanically bonded fabrics. Normal procedures for measuring delamination cannot be applied to the evaluation of hydroentangled fibrous composites.
Angular Distribution of High Harmonic Generation in Aligned CO2 Molecules
Authors: Rao Peng Hui , Huang Bang Lei , Wu Jia Jun , Hu Heng , Wei Peng Fei
Published: September 2012

We investigate the angular distribution of high harmonic generation (HHG) from impulsively aligned CO2 molecules driving by the femtosecond laser. We first observe the HHG spectra under the different aligning angles and the different laser intensities. The angular distribution is found to be sensitive to both the harmonic order and the intensity of the driving laser pulse. At last, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the angular distribution with the different harmonic orders and the different laser intensities.
Influence of Electron Irradiation on the Yellow Luminescence in Undoped n-GaN
Authors: Liang Li Min , Xie Xin Jian , Hao Qiu Yan , Tian Yuan , Sun Wei Zhong , Liu Cai Chi
Published: September 2012

The yellow luminescence (YL) band in unintentional doped n-GaN irradiated by 10 MeV electrons has been investigated by means of photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The YL intensity increased after electron irradiation and thermal annealing, indicating that the deep level defects are created by electron irradiation and thermal annealing. These deep level point defect complexes arising from the irradiation introduced Ga vacancies and oxygen donor impurities are responsible for the YL.
Discussion on the Effect Factors of the Conductivity Performance of PEO-Based Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Wang Wei Min
Published: September 2012

Polymer electrolytes since the 1970s, the PV Wright, PEO polymers and inorganic salts can form complexes with high ionic conductivity. Thereafter, on a global scale, set off a craze of the theory with solid polymer electrolyte materials research and technology development, a lot of research work has been in the field to start and made great achievements in the preparation and study of different substrate materials composite polymer electrolytes, the most promising as lithium solid electrolyte materials. The polymer matrix itself large to have a high degree of crystallinity, this is very unfavorable to ion transport, therefore, to try to expand the ion transport required for the amorphous region and increase the migration of the polymer chain, and the electrolyte conductivity the rate is not only related with the polymer matrix, but also by the factors of the salt type and concentration of organic plasticizer and nano inorganic filler types and add methods.
Optimization of Xenon Gas Discharge Flat Panel Lamps
Authors: Wang Kun , Li Jian , Wang Shi Qing
Published: September 2012

A xenon gas discharge flat panel lamp is made and the influence factors: the gas pressures, the gas compositions and gas gap on the luminous efficacy of the xenon gas discharge flat panel lamps were investigated. Marked increments of the luminous efficacy of the lamps were observed by optimizing the structures and the discharge conditions. The results showed that the xenon gas discharge flat panel lamps with a luminance of above10,000 cd/m2, a luminous flux of above 450 lm, a size of 126×87 mm and an luminous efficacy of about 43 lm/W could be attained at about 450 torr xenon, 0.71 mm gap distance and 2.8 mm front glass layer thickness. The factors which influenced the luminous efficacy were discussed in the end.
The Impact of Cap Layers on the Structural and Optical Properties of Self-Assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots
Authors: Tian Peng , Huang Chong Qing , Luo Wen Hua , Liu Jing
Published: September 2012

Self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots structures with low temperature and high temperature cap layers are grown by meta-organic chemical vapor deposition. The effects of Indium composition of high temperature InGaAs cap layer on the structural and optical properties of quantum dots are investigated by the atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence. Emission peak wavelengths shift from 1218 nm to 1321 nm when the Indium composition of high temperature InGaAs cap layer increase form 0 to 0.17.
Fisher Information and Quantum Squeezing Properties of Gaussian Pure States
Authors: Zhao Jia Qiang , Cao Lian Zhen , Lu Huai Xin
Published: September 2012

In this paper the Fisher information of Gaussian pure States is studied. Based on the definition of joint non-classical properties, we calculate the non-classical properties of Gaussian pure States. The results show that the Fisher information and Fisher length are efficacious tools to study the non-classical properties of quantum States.
Simulation of Laser Beam Scattering from Complex Targets in the near Field
Authors: Lin Jia Xuan , Wu Zhen Sen , Su Xiang , Wang Biao
Published: September 2012

A model of laser fuse echo simulation based on radiometry is developed. Process of target/beam interaction is determined by target surface optical scattering properties, which can be characterized by bidirectional reflectivity distribution function (BRDF). Signal features of the near-zone echo wave scattered from complex target are analyzed. The results may provide reference for algorithm design of laser proximity fuse. The simulator has been successfully applied in semi-physical simulation of the fuse.
Study of Top Triangular Nano-Grating on Solar Cell Using Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis
Authors: Jin Xiao Min , Cattarusa Douglas Alan , Marshall Michael James
Published: September 2012

This paper presents the simulation results of top nano-grating on solar cell using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) method. However, compared to other simulation results, we calculated weighted total transmission of solar cell according to Sun spectrum and Silicon photo detector responsivity. Our optimization shows that the top grating with period 200nm, width 40nm, and height 150nm is the optimization structure. This case has 0.45544 total weighted transmission powers and is about 70.9% improvement compared to the non-grating case.
Experimental Study on the Imaging of the Squeezed State Light with -4.93dB Quantum-Noise Reduction at 1064 nm
Authors: Lu Bao Zhu , Bi Si Wen , Feng Fei , Kang Meng Hua , Qin Fei
Published: September 2012

A stable amplitude squeezed state light was generated by utilizing the optical parametric down-conversion (OPDC) technique based on periodically poled KTiOPO4(PPKTP) in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) resonator. We observed a -4.93dB of squeezing in homodyne measurement. The imaging experiments of resolution target were conducted. It shown that the imaging resolution with squeezed state light as light source was 1.26 times that of the resolution with coherent light as light source. The squeezed state light was applied for imaging of real objects and we found that the imaging with squeezed light as light source is more distinct and has less distortion.
The Design and Experimental Study of the Laser with Peak Power
Authors: Li Gang , Li Li , Shen Hong Bin , Hua Wen Shen , Mao Shao Juan , Wang Yuan Bo
Published: September 2012

With a view to obtain a compact laser jammer, we have conducted the design of solid laser with peak power, designed the light-gathering cavity by means of ZEMAX software and analyzed the heat effect of active medium by means of LAS-CAD software. According to the design result, we operated a specific experiment, thus obtaining the peak power laser with a volume of 0.009m3, a repeated frequency of 1Hz and a single pulse power of 25MW.
Laser Linewidth Measurements Using Self-Heterodyne Detection with Total-Reflected Delay Line
Authors: Li Jian , Xu Nan , Li Jian Wei , Zhang Zhi Xin
Published: September 2012

As an important parameter in the laser communication system, the narrow linewidth of tunable laser source (TLS) must be measured accurately. Therefore, the linewidth of a TLS was measured with the delayed self-heterodyne detection method in the present work. The total-reflected delay line was used in the measurement system for make full use of 25km single-mode fiber delay line. The measured linewidth of the 1550 TLS is of 127 kHz, in agreement with the nominal value.
Hydrogen Chemisorption on Co(0001) Surface: A DFT Study
Authors: Shang Xue Fu , Wang Ya Wei , Tao Xiang Ming , Tan Ming Qiu
Published: September 2012

In this work the total energy calculations on the atomic geometry and chemisorption properties of Co(0001)/H surface are performed by using the density-functional theory in the approach of the projector-augmented wave (PAW) method. For a clean Co(0001) surface the atomic relaxations of the top three Co(0001) layers are obtained. The adsorptions of atomic Hydrogen have been investigated in the surface periodicities of p(1×1), p(1×2), p(2×2), and (  )R30º combined with hcp hollow and fcc hollow sites. For the cases studied in this work, the atomic hydrogen occupies fcc hollow site preferably drawn from the total energies. In these surface structures the perpendicular distances between the adsorbate and the first layer of substrate (DH-Co) range from 0.93 Å to 0.99 Å. The calculations on the surface vibrational modes proved the frequencies of atomic hydrogen along substrate surface displayed strong dependence on the adsorption geometries.
Experimental Investigation of Terahertz Temporal Response of a Photoconductive Switch
Authors: Gong Peng Wei , Ma Zhe , Ma Hong Mei , Yang Chun Tao
Published: September 2012

Picosecond or subpicosecond electrical pulses can be generated from femtosecond laser excited photoconductive switches, and this technique is an effective method to characterize the rise time of the broadband oscilloscopes recently. In this paper, low temperature grown GaAs (LT-GaAs) is used as the substrate of the photoconductive switch which is excited by the femtosecond laser. After propagating along a coplanar waveguide, the generated terahertz pulses are transferred to a 1.85 mm coaxial cable through a microwave probe. The pulse width is measured in a 70 GHz sampling oscilloscope, the FWHM value is about 7.4 ps.
Adaptive Control of a Surface Ship at High Speed Using Neural Networks
Authors: Guo Li Dong , Yang Li Xin
Published: September 2012

An adaptive control synthesis method is considered, which forces a surface ship at high speed to track a desired path. The nonlinear characteristics of the hydrodynamic damping can never be neglected in high speed maneuvering situation. Since the hydrodynamic coefficients of the surface ship at high speed are very difficult to be accurately estimated as a prior, the unknown part of the tracking dynamics system is approximated by neural network. The stability analysis will be given by Lyapunov theorem. Numerical simulations illustrate the excellent tracking performance of the surface ship at high speed under the proposed control scheme.
The Electric Field Tuning Characteristics in the Strain-Mediated Ferrite-Piezoelectric Laminated Magnetoelectric Microwave Devices
Authors: Zhou Hao Miao , Li Fang , Deng Juan Hu , Wei Jing
Published: September 2012

This research focused on the numerical simulation of electric field tuning characteristics of the magnetoelectric microwave devices with the core of the laminated ferrite-piezoelectric magnetoelectric materials. Firstly, we proposed an expression for the shift of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency tuning by external electric field in piezoelectric layer, then substituted the expression of magnetoelectic (ME) constant into this expression, which can convert the electric field tuning on the laminated magnetoelectric materials into the equivalent magnetic field tuning on the ferrite layer. Secondly, we built a numerical analysis model for tunable magnetoelectric microwave device which is formed by the laminated magnetoelectric material and microstrip line, and put the equivalent magnetic field into this numerical model, then the numerical analysis model of novel tunable magentoelectric microwave device is completed. Taking a tunable ME microwave resonator for example, the S parameters calculated by the numerical model in this paper are in good agreement with experimental results both qualitatively and quantitatively. Considering the demand for the designing and applying of the microwave devices, we studied the effect of geometrical dimensions of the ferrite layer (YIG/GGG) on the return loss and the resonance frequency.
A Fast Field Area Measurement Method Based on Global Positioning System
Authors: Jiang Lu Lu , Luo Mei Fu , Yang Jie Fang
Published: September 2012

Aim at the lack of area calculate method based on Global Positioning System (GPS) in researching of precision agriculture, a new area calculate method was put forward, which is called triangle division method. The method received area borderline orientation data by GPS, then made area polygon by coordinate conversion. The total areas which want to be measured can be calculated by analyzing these triangle areas. As an example, the area of a piece of field of 65m×58m was calculated by receiving data through GPS by using this new method. The new method was used to measure and calculate. The result showed that this method can calculate polygon area very quickly with high precision. It can be used to measure, orientation and layout based on GPS.
Study on One Measurement Method of Earth Angle
Authors: Li Fu Bao , Li Zhong Ke , Li Qin , Wang De Xi
Published: September 2012

Earth angle measurement technique has important applications in civil construction, equipment installation, road construction and other fields. This article uses AC drive liquid pendulum to avoid the failure under the chemical reaction effect of electrolyte for a long time in DC. At the same time, using two sensors placed perpendicular to each other can simultaneously measure east and west angle of the two directions of the earth. The rational design of circuit makes it small in size with high accuracy.
Extraordinary Electromagnetic Scattering of Plane Wave by Double Negative Coated Sphere
Authors: Shi Yan’e , Wu Zhen Sen , Tian Hong Fei , Li Zheng Jun
Published: September 2012

Based on generalized Lorenz-Mie theory and Ricatti-Bessel Derivation functions, a theoretical analysis of electromagnetic scattering of a plane wave by an isotropic sphere coated by double negative metamaterial (DNM) is investigated. The extraordinary scattering characteristic of an isotropic sphere coated by DNM is numerically discussed, which is different from those by double positive material (DPM). The effects of the refractive index of inner sphere material and core-shell ratio on the scattered intensity and degree of polarization are numerically studied and analyzed.
A Bayesian Game Analysis of Byzantine Attacks for Wireless Cognitive Sensor Networks in Smart Grids
Authors: Lang Wei Min , Zhu Yuan Cheng , Li Hu Sheng
Published: September 2012

In this paper, we propose a revolutionary communication paradigm—Wireless Cognitive Sensor Network (WCSN) — to solve these problems. We analyze the incentives to introduce WCSN in smart grids and review the main research work with respect to Byzantine attacks in wireless cognitive sensor network. Furthermore, we provide some preliminary discussions on Bayesian game and wireless cognitive sensor network. More importantly, we propose a Bayesian game model for the Byzantine attacks of wireless cognitive sensor network in the smart grid and present a detailed equilibrium analysis of the interactions between malicious secondary users and honest secondary users. Analysis results demonstrate that rather than focus on penalties, regulators would be wise to ensure that the gain from challenging is significant and the cost of challenging is small, as this reduces the probability of sending false readings.
A New Intelligent Color Scale Sensor
Authors: Yang Yong Cai , Zhang Quan , Pan Ri Min
Published: September 2012

The intelligentizing of sensor has been an important trend for sensor technology in recent years. In this paper, the new structure of the intelligent color scale sensor is presented; especially the software system design of intelligent color scale sensor based on the photoelectric measurement is given in detail. By using the control system based on Micro Control Unit (MCU), which takes full advantage of the resources on MCU, a new digital intelligent color scale sensor is successfully developed at a lower cost. Also, it has an ideal performance on the key index such as sensitivity, detection accuracy, response speed, reliability, operability and degrees of protection.
Pulse Sorting Algorithm Using TDOA in Multiple Sensors System
Authors: Ma Shuang , Liu Zheng , Jiang Wen Li
Published: September 2012

Time difference of arrival (TDOA) can be used for pulse sorting. To solve the problem of deceptive TDOA clusters caused by high pulse repetitive frequency (PRF) emitters and the problem of less pulse accumulation caused by ultra-low PRF emitters, a recursive extended histogram (REH) algorithm is proposed. TDOA data are formed into an extended histogram structure, which is processed recursively to detect and sort out the pulses of each emitter. Simulation results show that the method is applicable and effective.
Effect of Ionization Potential on Molecular Field-Free Alignment
Authors: Wu Jia Jun , Huang Bang Lei , Hu Heng , Wei Peng Fei
Published: September 2012

The alignment behaviors of polyatomic molecules under femtosecond laser pulses are experimentally and theoretically investigated. We observe the field-free alignment in C2H2 and CO2 molecules with High-Order Harmonic Generation (HHG) and discuss the evolution of the molecular rotational wave-packet with different laser parameters and ionization potentials. The results show that the molecular alignment degree depends not only on the laser parameters, but also on the molecular ionization potential. Finally we suggest the optimal aligning laser intensity to maximize the alignment degree for practical application.
Schlieren and PLIF Measurements of Liquid Fuel Injection in Mach 2 Supersonic Crossflow
Authors: Yang Hui , Li Feng , Sun Bai Gang , Tian Dan Dan , Song Yao Ying , Guo Da Peng , Gao Xian Zhi
Published: September 2012

Structures of liquid-fuel injection in supersonic crossflow is studied experimentally. Schemes of flush-wall injector and aviation kerosene are selected. The conditions of the supersonic freestream are kept constant (total pressure is 0.5MPa, total temperature is 500K and Mach number is 2) and the diameter of the injector is fixed as 0.5mm, while seven scenarios of injection angle and three scenarios of injection driven pressure are discussed. Both methods of schlieren and planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) techniques are implemented to obtain the visual images of the liquid-fuel injection. The penetration height of fuel is analyzed quantitatively with the aid of Photoshop and Origin. The results serve not only the future computational simulation but also combined scheme of flush-wall injector and other combustor configurations.
The Mechanical Properties that Nano-SiO2 Affect EPS Light-Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Cui Jian
Published: September 2012

EPS light-aggregate concrete is a new kind of light aggregate concrete and is paid more attention by engineers in the field for superior thermal technology performance and prominent economic benefits, in which the Nano-SiO2 can not only fill the lacuna of concrete to improve the performance of concrete but also can improve the mechanics performance and the strength of concrete obviously. The compressive strength and flexural strength of EPS light-aggregate concrete in 3d and 28d were the maximum with 5% Nano-SiO2 in concrete. It is very significant to research the effect of nano-materials on EPS light-aggregate concrete performance, and its application in construction industry will bring great value to practical engineering and social economic benefits to our society.
Modeling and Analysis of the Electrorheological Fluids (Suspension Flow) with Aligned-Structure Reformation
Authors: Seo Young Wook , Choi Hyoung Jin , Seo Yong Sok
Published: September 2012

A new rheological model is applied to the analysis of the behavior of electrorheological (ER) fluids. A comparison of the model’s predictions with experimental data shows that the proposed model correctly predicts the shear stress behavior both quantitatively and qualitatively. The shear stress data for the aligned particles’ structure reformation can be fitted as a function of shear rate with the new model. The yield stress was found to be almost linearly dependent on the field strength, different from the predictions of the polarization model.
Modeling of 3D Magnetostrictive Systems with Application to Galfenol and Terfenol-D Actuators
Authors: Dapino Marcelo J. , Chakrabarti Suryarghya
Published: September 2012

This work presents a unified approach to model three dimensional magnetostrictive transducers. Generalized procedures are developed for incorporating nonlinear coupled constitutive behavior of magnetostrictive materials into an electro-magneto-mechanical finite element modeling framework. The finite element model is based on weak forms of Maxwell's equations for electromagnetics and Navier's equations for mechanical systems. An implicit time integration scheme is implemented to obtain nonlinear dynamic system responses. The model is implemented into a finite element (FE) solver and applied to two case studies, a Galfenol unimorph actuator and a magnetohydraulic Terfenol-D actuator for active engine mounts. Model results are compared with experiments, and parametric analyses are conducted which provide guidelines for optimization of actuator design.
Synthesis, Characterization and Luminescent Properties of New Coordination Polymers Based on p-tert-Butylcalix[4]Arene-Tetracarboxylic Acid and Lanthanide Cations
Authors: Silva Barros Bráulio , de Oliveira Carlos Alberto Fernandes , Kulesza Joanna , Alves Júnior Severino , Bocheńska Maria
Published: September 2012

A series of new coordination polymers based on p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene- tetracarboxylic acid with Eu3+ (1a), Tb3+ (1b) and Tm3+ (1c) were prepared by hydro and solvothermal methods. The obtained solid compounds were characterized by infrared and luminescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The infrared curves and the x-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the same crystalline structure was obtained for all lanthanides.
Superhard TiB2 - Based Composites with Different Matrix Fabricated from Elemental Powders by SHS-p-HIP
Authors: Ziemnicka-Sylwester Marta
Published: September 2012

TiB2 is a superhard, high-temperature and high corrosion resistant material and it is under consideration for tungsten-free cutting tools and high temperature structural applications. Although such a covalent compound requires significantly elevated temperature for the consolidation, great exothermicity of TiB2 synthesis by means of SHS (Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis) can be “ïn situ” utilized. In this study, TiB2-based composites are fabricated from titanium, boron and binder metal. In order to optimize consolidation process and improve fracture toughness of the products, three types of binder, based on cobalt, nickel or copper were investigated. In respect to hardness, limited amount of binder, 5, 10 or 15 vol.% respectively, were applied; each time 5 vol.% of Ti addition for reaction with boron completeness was used. The TiB2 based composites were fabricated from elements in one process by means of the SHS process combined with p-HIP (pseudo-hot isostatic pressing) method. The raw elemental powders were homogenized by wet mixing using ball milling technique. Dried mixtures were pressed into a compact, coiled by heating element and then exposed to the SHS-p-HIP process. After SHS initiation, the compact was pressed pseudo-isostatically under pressure of 190MPa for 5 min. The sintering additives and their concentrations significantly affected the consolidation process as well as the properties of composites. The highest hardness was obtained for samples sintered with cobalt, containing intermetallic binder. However, elemental metal binder was detected as a main component for samples sintered with copper. The relative density, SEM microstructure, phase composition and hardness are compared in this study.
Optimization of a Pyrolysis Procedure for Obtaining SiC-SiCf CMC by PIP for Thermostructural Applications
Authors: Mingazzini Claudio , Brentari Alida , Burgio Federica , Burresi Emiliano , Scafè Matteo , Pilloni Luciano , Caretti Daniele , Nanni Daniele
Published: September 2012

Polymer Impregnation Pyrolysis (PIP) is a cost effective technique for obtaining Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) modified with nanoparticles. Commercial UBE polymeric precursor (Tyranno polymer VL-100, diluted in xylene) of a SiC ceramic matrix (with 11 wt% O and 2 wt% Ti) was used to infiltrate 100x85x3 mmSuperscript text3 SiC felts (Tyranno ZM fibers, diameter 14 microns, 800 filament/yarn, 270 g/mSuperscript text2, with 9 wt% O and 1 wt% Zr), applying different pyrolysis procedures. In particular, pyrolysis was performed in two conditions: 1) at 1000 °C for 60 min; 2) at 900 °C for 120 min. A pyrolysis at 900 °C could be more convenient since it can be easily performed in a steel furnace, without a refractory lining. The SiC felts were pretreated by CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition) in order to deposit a pyrolytic carbon interphase (about 0.1 microns). Impregnation was performed under vacuum, and drying was carried out in an explosion-proof heating oven. Pyrolysis at 900°C was performed in a AISI 310S austenitic steel furnace, under nitrogen flow. Geometric density was monitored during densification. Mechanical characterisation (bending tests at room temperature, following UNI EN 658-3:2002) was performed after 11 PIP cycles. The results were used to compare the influence of pyrolysis temperature on densification.
Magnetoactive Superhydrophobic Foams for Oil-Water Separation
Authors: Calcagnile Paola , Fragouli Despina , Bayer Ilker S. , Anyfantis George C. , Athanassiou Athanassia
Published: September 2012

A novel composite material for the efficient separation of oil from water is presented. It is based on polyurethane (PU) foams modified with colloidal superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in their whole volume and sub-micrometer polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles on their surface. The hydrophobic and oleophobic original foam becomes water-repellent and oil-absorbing due to the presence of the PTFE particles on its surface. The oil absorption rate is significantly increased by the presence of the colloidal iron oxide NPs. Detailed analysis demonstrates that the NP capping molecules play a significant role in the oil absorption mechanism. Furthermore, the treated foams can be magnetically actuated, and be moved towards oil polluted waters by a weak magnet. As a result, they can absorb the oil contaminants from the water surface, purifying it.