bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced optical encryption via polarization-dependent multi-channel metasurfaces
Authors: Ning Minghao , Zhong Haozong , Gu Zhen , Zhang Ling-En , Qu Ning , Ding Jun , Li Tao , Li Lin
Published: February 2025

Optical encryption offers a powerful platform for secure information transfer, combining low power consumption, high-speed transmission, and intuitive visualization. Metasurfaces, with their unprecedented ability to manipulate light across multiple degrees of freedom within quasi-two-dimensional nanostructures, are emerging as promising devices for advanced encryption. However, encryption capacity remains constrained by limited information channels. Here, we present a visual secret sharing (VSS) scheme utilizing metasurfaces with multiple polarization-dependent channels and minimized crosstalk. Using a global optimization strategy for nanostructure geometries across the entire metasurface, we successfully realize eight independent polarization channels with negligible crosstalk. By encoding both the key and information into these channels with a modified VSS scheme, we demonstrate the complete recovery of seven plaintexts. This strategy supports scalable, high-capacity encryption, and can incorporate additional optical degrees of freedom, offering advanced solutions for advanced secure communication, information storage, and anti-counterfeiting.
Body mass index is associated with subjective workload and REM sleep timing in young healthy adults
Authors: Novacic Katharina , Pischke Claudia , von Gall Charlotte
Published: February 2025

Sleep is essential for the homeostasis of various brain and body functions. Timing, duration, and composition of sleep are controlled by internal oscillators. In modern society, sleep timing is largely dictated by environmental factors. There is increasing evidence that a severe mismatch between internal sleep needs and external demands leads to circadian misalignment, which is detrimental to physical and mental health. The aim of the present study was to examine relationships between the amount and timing of sleep/sleep stages on weekdays, body mass index (BMI), and psychosocial stress due to perceived workload in a relatively homogeneous cohort of young and lean healthy adults. We used longitudinal real-life Fitbit (Inspire) sleep data in combination with a questionnaire among first-year medical students (n = 59) and conducted correlation-based network analysis. BMI was within the normal weight range in the sample. A stronger temporal alignment between rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and total sleep and a higher individual variability of sleep timing was associated with higher BMI, which was associated with lower subjective workload. Our data suggest an interaction between sleep timing, in general, and REM sleep timing, in particular, with metabolic homeostasis and resilience to psychosocial stress.
Elaborated Peer Assessment of Academic Writing Between Postgraduate Students
Authors: Topping Keith
Published: February 2025

Peer assessment in higher education has grown enormously in the last decade, but is more commonly used with undergraduates. In this study, reciprocal paired peer assessment of academic writing was undertaken by twelve postgraduate students of educational psychology, who gave elaborated formative feedback on each other’s work, as did staff. Overall, staff and peer assessments showed a very similar balance between positive and negative statements, but this varied according to assessment criterion. However, only half of the content of detailed formative assessment statements made showed correspondence between staff and peers. Nevertheless, there was very little evidence of conflict between the views of staff and peers - rather, they focused on different details. Subjective feedback from students indicated that most found the process time consuming, intellectually challenging and socially uncomfortable, but effective in improving the quality of their own subsequent written work and developing other transferable skills. The reliability and validity of this type of peer assessment thus appeared adequate, and the partiality of overlap in detail between staff and peer assessments suggested that the triangulation peer assessment offers is likely to add value. However, caution is indicated regarding the generalisation of this finding. Implications for action are outlined.
Cooperative Learning and the Catholic Faith
Authors: Rooney Aidan , Vermette Paul , Davidson Neil
Published: February 2025

Cooperative learning is an educational methodology developed in a secular milieu, yet has strong roots in Western, Catholic, Christian beliefs and affinity with Vincentian (after St. Vincet de Paul) beliefs and expectations about our relationships with the impoverished of all kinds. Recognizing this truth can create a sense of the familiar amongst CL practitioners and their larger communities. It also places the emphasis on the moral and practical aspects of CL in perspective. What is more, culturally, we know that it “feels right” to work with diverse others respectfully and that we are all ultimately engaging in a common project. Using Cooperative Learning turns these beliefs and human intuitions into a daily reality. Cooperative learning research has shown distinct advantages in its application in secular education. These advantages can translate into the realm of Catholic education because the values and practices of cooperative learning are compatible with Catholic education.
Cooperative Debate Can Provoke Multiperspectivity
Authors: Jacobs George M , Wu Yingrui , Wen Yi
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to recommend the Cooperative Debate technique as a means of encouraging students and others to view the world via a multitude of perspectives. Cooperative debates are contrasted with traditional competitive debates, with cooperative debates recommended for their greater focus on growing understanding, rather than on winning a debate contest. A flexible, eight-step procedure for the Cooperative Debate technique in the cooperative learning approach is described. In this procedure, each person presents two or three different perspectives on the topic being discussed. Cooperative Debate can also include consideration of how debaters and their audience might seek to implement their views. Social Interdependence Theory and Piagetian Theory are used to provide insights into the workings of Cooperative Debate.
Erzsébet királyné a Vasárnapi Újság tükrében
Authors: Klestenitz Tibor
Published: February 2025

Jelen esettanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogy a Vasárnapi Újság című, nagy népszerűséget élvező képes családi hetilap milyen képet alkotott Erzsébet királyné alakjáról. A hetilap a neoabszolutizmus korszakában tudatosan tartózkodott a politikai témáktól. Ez alól természetesen kivételeket jelentettek az uralkodóház reprezentatív eseményei, de a figyelem nem a császárné személyének, hanem csupán méltóságának szólt. Az érdektelenség 1866-ban, a budai tartózkodás idején egy csapásra megváltozott. Ebben fontos szerepet játszott a császárné magabiztos magyar nyelvtudása, hiszen a lap munkatársai tudatában voltak, hogy Erzsébet érdeklődése a magyar nyelv és irodalom iránt komoly reklámértékkel bír.
A Vasárnapi Újság szerzői az 1867-es koronázást követően, a kiegyezéssel kapcsolatos bizalmatlanságuk dacára rajongással övezték a királyné alakját. Erzsébet-képükben a magyarságnak tett politikai gesztusok mellett szerepet kapott megközelíthetősége, fejedelmi allűröktől való tartózkodása, testi szépsége. Az eszményítés jegyében ugyanakkor átsiklottak hiányosságai felett, sőt képzelt erényekkel – mint anyai odaadás, puritanizmus, vallásos buzgóság – is felruházták. 1898-ban, a királyné meggyilkolását követően a hetilap szerzői sem tudták teljesen kivonni magukat a „nemzeti képzelet” hatása alól, amely a kollektív vágyaknak megfelelően alakította a királyné imázsát, és magyar függetlenségi érzületet tételezett fel róla. Az Erzsébet-kultusz egyes elemeinek óvatos összemosása a szabadságharc emlékezetével azonban egyszeri alkalom maradt, és a két hagyomány később párhuzamosan élt tovább a folyóiratban.
A magyarországi polgári nőmozgalom és Erzsébet királyné
Authors: Fedeles-Czeferner Dóra
Published: February 2025

Írásomban a magyarországi polgári nőmozgalom fejlődésének fordulópontjait mutatom be Erzsébet királyné korában, pontosabban az 1840-es évek végétől az 1890-es évek közepéig. A kérdéskör bemutatásához elengedhetetlen azon politikai, gazdasági és társadalmi változások vázolása a tanulmány elején, amelyek a 19. századi nőmozgalom történetét alapvetően befolyásolták. Ezt követően a nőmozgalom polgári szárnya fejlődésének főbb állomásait ismertetem. Munkám második felében ezekre támaszkodva reflektálok Erzsébetnek a magyarországi polgári nőszervezetekkel kialakult kapcsolatára konkrét példákon keresztül. A fentiek mellett érvelek amellett, hogy a királyné nyomon követte és különböző eszközökkel támogatta számos nőegyesület tevékenységét. Forrásként a polgári nőszervezetekhez és az általuk üzemeltetett intézmények kiadványaira, és más időszaki sajtótermékekre támaszkodtam.
 
Fotó: Wikipedia
Erzsébet királyné, egyetemünk egykori névadója
Authors: Varga Krisztina
Published: February 2025

Fotó: Csortos Szabolcs / UnivPécs
MİKRODALGA DESTEKLİ EKSTRAKSİYON VE IN VITRO SİNDİRİMİN AYÇİÇEK POSASI EKSTRAKTININ FENOLİK İÇERİK VE ANTİOKSİDAN AKTİVİTESİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Cerit İnci
Published: February 2025

Ayçiçek yağı üretimi sonucu atık ürün olarak açığa çıkan ayçiçeği posası, biyoaktif bileşenler açısından zengin bir hammaddedir. Çalışmanın amacı, mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon yönteminin ayçiçeği posasından elde edilen ekstraktların toplam fenolik madde (TFM) içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi [2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) ve ferrik indirgeme antioksidan gücü (FRAP)] üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Ayrıca, in vitro sindirim süreci sonrasında antioksidan aktivitedeki değişimler belirlenmiştir. En yüksek aktivite, 1:20 katı:çözücü oranı ve 120 saniyelik mikrodalga uygulamasıyla elde edilmiş (TFM: 2500.44 mg GAE/100g; DPPH: 2318.49 mg Trolox/100g; FRAP: 3989.26 mg Trolox/100g) ve fenolik bileşiklerin varlığı ultraviyole-görünür spektroskopisi (UV-VIS) ve Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FT-IR) ile doğrulanmıştır. Simüle edilmiş sindirim sürecinin ardından DPPH değerlerinde bir azalma gözlemlenirken TFM ve FRAP değerlerinin mide aşamasında azaldığı, bağırsak aşamasında ise artış gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile, mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon, ayçiçeği posasından fenolik bileşiklerin etkin şekilde elde edilmesini sağlamış ayrıca in vitro sindirim sonrası antioksidan aktivitenin bileşik dinamiklerine bağlı olarak değişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur.
Building Phylogenetic Trees with Drinking Straws
Authors: Méndez Marcos
Published: February 2025

Tree-thinking is a required skill for evolutionary literacy, but misconceptions are frequent in interpreting phylogenetic trees. Here, an easy, cheap way of building phylogenetic trees with drinking straws is suggested. It can be used to illustrate how to build phylogenetic trees from root to tips, to rotate nodes and to collapse branches.
An Incomplete Bargain
Authors: Dar Rouf , Tillin Louise
Published: February 2025

Jammu and Kashmir was the only state in India to write its own constitution and negotiate autonomy provisions in India’s 1950 constitution. This autonomy was enshrined in Article 370, a clause which was annulled in 2019. In this article, we examine the conception of political union between India and Kashmir as framed by Jammu and Kashmir’s own Constituent Assembly. We show that the act of federating with the Indian Union was viewed as a limited and conditional pooling of sovereignty. The Assembly sought to make Article 370 permanent to safeguard the state’s autonomy from legislative majorities in India and to preserve the right to redistribute land. We challenge the dominant classification of India’s federal origins as arising from power devolution by a previously unitary central authority (“holding together”), demonstrating the multicentered sovereignty which existed before the act of Union and which political actors on the margins sought to preserve.
Between the One Who Remembers and the One Who Forgets
Authors: Bochner Arthur P.
Published: February 2025

A relationship between a son or daughter and a parent diagnosed with dementia can be described as a relationship between one who remembers and one who forgets. In this essay-story, I begin with an autoethnographic narrative of an afternoon I spent in the nursing home in which my mother lived during the last two years of her life. The story exemplifies the kind of frustration, disappointment, and agitation I too frequently experienced as I encountered moral blindness or indifference among some health care staff, especially when different values were in play and crucial caregiving decisions needed to be made. In the final section of the paper, I discuss the importance of acknowledgment in the context of a caregiving relationship with a dementia or Alzheimer’s patient, that is, between one who remembers and one who forgets. I was the primary caregiver, but other caregivers in an institutional setting also maintain ongoing relationships with dementia patients. Too often their work with dementia patients is mediated not through a caring relationship but through objectifying and dehumanizing electronic information that can inhibit compassionate and humane medical care. Paperwork is not a substitute for authentic caregiving and acts of acknowledgment.
Being B(l)ack in the Trenches
Authors: Thomas Clarice O.
Published: February 2025

In this critical autoethnography, the author interrogates her experiences as a Black woman scholar conducting research in the United States South. She travels to Mississippi and Tennessee to uncover her familial story from enslavement, sharecropping, Jim Crow segregation, and participating in the Great Migration that would end with multiple generations experiencing incarceration in the North. This longitudinal research journey evoked fear and terror pervasive in the South, and she shifted her research focus to explore these critical moments. The author tells the story of her experiences with racialized terror, spiritual intuitions, and antiblackness during the research process. This autoethnography examines what it means to be a Black scholar in Southern archival spaces and interrogates the culture, traditions, and practices that emerge from and shape Black life. The author concludes that autoethnography can be employed in more Black Studies scholarship to produce new ways of knowing and methodological insights that will help decolonize traditional research norms. She aims to investigate her familial experiences to help understand how the past structural oppression continues to shape life in Black communities and provide implications for social and racial justice.
International Migrant Returnees as Strategists: Mexican Parents Moving with Their Children from the United States to Mexico
Authors: Zúñiga Víctor
Published: February 2025

This article offers a critical perspective to studies often found in the literature on return migration, especially in the way in which the experiences of returned migrants are narrated and explained. In these studies, migrants appear as defenseless victims, by-products of macrostructural processes, or discarded by systemic forces that no one can oppose. In contrast, in this article, I provide an analysis of twenty-four stories of Mexican migrants who, after residing for extended periods in the United States, returned to Mexico accompanied by their children. The analysis based on the empirical material of these stories provides an antidote to the view that returnees are puppets of the economy, anti-immigrant laws, and restrictive political forces.
Extractivismo agroindustrial: exposición infantil a plaguicidas en una localidad rural de México
Authors: González Humberto , Pérez Gemma , Lara Emilia ,   Bretón, Juárez Helen , Peregrina Alejandro Aarón , Fausto Josefina , Jiménez Cristina
Published: February 2025

Las comunidades rurales mexicanas sufren impactos significativos en la salud de su población, debido a la aplicación de plaguicidas que contaminan el aire, agua, suelo y alimentos locales. La exposición prolongada a estas sustancias tóxicas afecta la salud a largo plazo de la población, especialmente en niños, quienes son altamente vulnerables a daños en su desarrollo físico y neurocognitivo. Esta problemática se analiza en el contexto de una agricultura industrial y extractiva, que se centra en monocultivos para el mercado nacional y de exportación en el marco de una actuación laxa y permisiva del Estado mexicano que no protege la salud de los trabajadores ni el derecho de la infancia a una vida sana. En este artículo, se presentan los resultados de un estudio de caso en una localidad rural en una región de agricultura intensiva; se realizaron dos muestreos de orina a 180 escolares de tres a catorce años de edad para analizar en un cromatógrafo de masas su exposición a plaguicidas, los cuales se complementaron con una encuesta a sus familias y un estudio etnográfico.
Rastimir persecutus
Authors: Josipović Ivan , Ančić Mladen
Published: February 2025

U radu se posebna pozornost posvećuje ulomku predromaničkog arhitrava oltarne ograde koji je pronađen u današnjoj pravoslavnoj crkvi Sv. Georgija u Pađenima kod Knina, iz čijega se posvetnog natpisa može iščitati antroponim – [R]ASTIMIR PERSEC[vtvs]. Taj je reljef, kao i najveći broj pađenskih predromaničkih ulomaka, već prepoznat kao produkt tzv. Trogirske klesarske radionice i okvirno datiran u sredinu prve polovine 9. stoljeća. Analizom povijesnih vrela bavarskog podrijetla, ponajprije djela Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum, „progonjeni Rastimir” s pađenskog arhitrava poistovjećen je s Ratimarom iz tog izvora, čije je ime u historiografiji slavenskih naroda unisono prevođeno u Ratimira. Slijedom toga, Rastimir iz Pađena identificira se s knezom gentilne slavenske kneževine Karniole koji je 838. godine morao bježati pred vojskom istočnofranačkog kralja Ludovika Njemačkog, a utočište je pronašao u savezničkoj mu Kneževini Hrvatskoj. Zbog zabilježene godine kneževa progona, navedeni je zaključak, osim iz povijesnoga, bitan i iz povijesnoumjetničkog aspekta, jer omogućuje uspostavljanje čvršćega kronološkog oslonca za djelovanje Trogirske klesarske radionice, pa je time važan i za kronologiju predromaničkih klesarskih produkcija na istočnoj obali Jadrana do sredine 9. stoljeća.
Tragovi romanike na stambenom graditeljstvu u Šibeniku
Authors: Glavaš Ivo , Šprljan Ivo
Published: February 2025

U radu se raspravlja o tragovima romanike na stambenom graditeljstvu u povijesnoj jezgri Šibenika, koji, osim perifernih i načelnih podataka u nekim znanstvenim radovima, dosad nisu zaokupili veću pozornost istraživača. Prvi djelomični inventar, kako se tada smatralo, rijetkih romaničkih detalja u Šibeniku objavio je još 1952. i 1959. godine Cvito Fisković. Ovim radom pokazat će se da romanički arhitektonski detalji (ostatci romaničkih prozora i vrata) postoje gotovo posvuda po jezgri Šibenika, unutar povijesnih bedema. Posljedica toga jest zaključak da je Šibenik u vrijeme romanike zauzimao puni gradski perimetar. Romanički arhitektonski elementi, većinom in situ, mogu se pronaći duž osnovne longitudinale pružanja grada od samostana Sv. Frane do Velikog trga s katedralom Sv. Jakova i Velikom ložom, kao i u gradskim predjelima Docu i Gorici u relativnoj blizini Kaštela svetog Mihovila. Rad je pretežito rezultat terenskih opažanja, tako da su budući novi nalazi romanike ispod žbukanih šibenskih pročelja itekako mogući.
Ikonografski obrasci naručiteljskih strategija zadarskog nadbiskupa Maffea Vallaressa (1450. – 1494.)
Authors: Borić Laris
Published: February 2025

U članku se ocrtava naručiteljski profil zadarskog nadbiskupa Maffea Vallaressa, njegov arhitektonski i likovni ukus te strategije ikonografskih i svjetonazorskih koncepata, čiji se obris učitava u specifičnosti složenih političkih, društvenih i kulturnih odnosa u zadarskom quattrocentu. Dva su ključna činitelja profila Vallaressove osobnosti i njegove eklezijastičke pozicije; s jedne strane on je istaknuti humanist koji u Zadru promovira uobičajene kulturne prakse, dok je s druge strane bio vrstan kanonski pravnik. Zasjevši 1451. godine na zadarsku katedru, on je oba ta habitusa projicirao u nizu naručiteljskih aktivnosti, no s vremenom su prevladale one iz domene kanonskog prava i ikonografskih strategija. To je prije svega uključivalo uređenje crkvenih odnosa između nadbiskupije i podvrgnutih joj subjekata koji su kroz kasno srednjovjekovlje stekli različite standarde financijske i organizacijske samostalnosti, ali i ulogu zadarskog nadbiskupa u procesima podvrgavanja nekoć moćne srednjovjekovne komune novim državnim okvirima i njihovim procesima, osobito kroz transformacije semantičkih slojeva srednjovjekovnih kultova gradskih zaštitnika kojima je nadbiskup pokrovitelj kao produžena ruka državnih struktura Serenissime.
Correlation between Academic Sports Diplomacy Ability and Leadership Quality of Student Athletes in Universities
Authors: Gong Xiaoming , Chang Liza , Dapat Rizal
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the field of academic sports diplomacy, with a specific emphasis on the leadership abilities and levels of involvement exhibited by student-athletes. By conducting a thorough analysis, this study reveals valuable insights regarding the evaluation of leadership skills in student-athletes across different dimensions. These dimensions encompass modeling the way, encouraging the heart, enabling others to act, challenging the process, and inspiring a shared vision. Furthermore, this study investigates the level of involvement of student-athletes in academic sports diplomacy. This includes activities such as student-athlete exchanges, international sports competitions, cultural sports exchange programs, international sports projects, and cross-country competitions. The research emphasizes a positive relationship between leadership abilities and involvement in sports diplomacy initiatives, emphasizing the significance of leadership training in promoting active engagement. Furthermore, this study illuminates important challenges encountered by student-athletes, including limitations on time, gaps in awareness, the necessity for skill development, the juggling of competing priorities, the importance of cultural comprehension, and the significance of collaborative efforts. The results of this study provide valuable insights for the creation of strategies and programs that aim to empower student-athletes in their role as effective representatives of sports diplomacy. These initiatives seek to foster cultural connections and inspire positive global transformations.
Contribution of Body Mass Index to the Physical Fitness Level of Students
Authors: Boby Helmi  , Rinaldi Aditya  , Alan Alfiansyah Putra Karo Karo  , Andi Nur Abady  , Syahruddin  , Heny Setyawati
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of body mass index to the level of physical fitness of junior high school students in Medan City in 2023. This study used descriptive analytic method. The sample amounted to 23 people, obtained by purposive sample. To determine the correlation of body mass index to the level of physical fitness is sought using the product moment formula. This research uses body mass index test instruments and physical fitness tests carried out to find out data on research variables, namely body mass index data and student physical fitness tests. From the results of statistical analysis, the correlation coefficient between body mass index and physical fitness is rcount = 0.55. To find out how much the contribution of body mass index to the level of physical fitness is calculated with R = (0.55)2 x 100% = 30.25%. The contribution is 30.25%. Thus the hypothesis that states there is a contribution of body mass index to the level of physical fitness of junior high school students in Medan City in 2023 can be accepted in this study. This research opens insights into knowledge for teachers, especially physical education teachers so that this information can be applied in schools.
Effectiveness of internet-based management in newly diagnosed young adults with type 2 diabetes: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Li Zhi , Luo Dahang , Li Zhongjin
Published: February 2025

Background

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising among young adults, posing challenges for long-term management after discharge.

Methods

This prospective comparative study included 120 newly diagnosed young adults with T2DM admitted between January and December 2023. Participants were randomized into intervention or control groups (n = 60 each). All patients received standard diabetes education and short-term insulin pump intensive therapy during hospitalization. After discharge, the control group received traditional care, while the intervention group utilized an internet-based management system incorporating continuous glucose monitoring, personalized feedback and remote healthcare team consultations. Primary outcomes included HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β and fasting C-peptide). Secondary outcomes included lipid profiles, renal function (urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR)), blood pressure, quality of life (SF-36) and depression scores (PHQ-9).

Results

At 12 months, the intervention group had significantly lower HbA1c (6.5 vs 7.2%, P < 0.001) and better improvements in FBG, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, fasting C-peptide, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.01). Improvements in UACR and blood pressure were minimal (P > 0.05). SF-36 and PHQ-9 scores improved more significantly in the intervention group (P < 0.01). Diabetes remission rates were higher in the intervention group (60 vs 37%, P = 0.028) and remained significant after adjusting for baseline variables (P = 0.015).

Conclusion

The internet-based management system with personalized feedback significantly improved glycemic control and quality of life in young adults with T2DM.
Effectiveness and Risks of Probiotics in Preterm Infants
Authors: Alshaikh Belal N. , Ting Joseph , Lee Seungwoo , Lemyre Brigitte , Wong Jonathan , Afifi Jehier , Beltempo Marc , Shah Prakesh S.
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effectiveness and risks of probiotics among infants born before 34 weeks’ gestation and with a birth weight less than 1000 g.

METHODS

A population-based retrospective cohort study of infants born before 34 weeks’ gestation and admitted to 33 Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN) units between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2022. We excluded infants who were moribund on admission, died within the first 2 days, were admitted to CNN sites more than 2 days after birth, had major congenital anomalies, or never received enteral feeds. Logistic regression, propensity score–matched, and inverse probability of treatment weighting analyses were applied.

RESULTS

Among 32 667 eligible infants born before 34 weeks’ gestation, 18 793 (57.5%) (median [IQR] gestational age, 29 [27–31] weeks) received probiotics, and 13 874 (42.5%) (median [IQR] gestational age, 31 [29–33] weeks) did not receive probiotics. In these infants, probiotics were associated with decreased mortality rates (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 98.3% CI, 0.53–0.73) but not decreased rates of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (aOR, 0.92; 98.3% CI, 0.78–1.09) or late-onset sepsis (aOR, 0.90; 98.3% CI, 0.80–1.01). In 7401 infants with a birth weight less than 1000 g, probiotics were associated with decreased mortality rates (aOR, 0.58; 98.3% CI, 0.47–0.71) but not decreased NEC (aOR, 0.90; 98.3% CI. 0.71–1.13) or late-onset sepsis rates (aOR, 1.01; 98.3% CI, 0.86–1.18). Probiotic sepsis occurred in 27 (1.4/1000) infants born before 34 weeks’ gestation and 20 (4/1000) infants with a birth weight less than 1000 g. Three infants with probiotic sepsis died, with probiotic sepsis deemed a possible cause in 2 cases.

CONCLUSION

Probiotics used in Canadian neonatal units were associated with decreased mortality in infants born before 34 weeks’ gestation and with a birth weight less than 1000 g with limited effects on NEC and late-onset sepsis. Probiotic sepsis was rare.
Features of the formation and development of the masculine region: on the example of Donbas in the second half of the19th – first third of the 20th century
Authors: Berezhna S. V. , Voronina M. S. , Honcharova О. S. , Matei Yu. F.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the reasons for the formation and long-term preservation of masculinity in Donbas in the second half of the 19th – the first third of the 20th century. The research was conducted on the basis of gender methodology, which involves the analysis of the gender factor in determining the status of a person in society, and with the use of historical-genetic, historical-typological and historical-systemic methods of scientific research. The choice of this historically formed industrial region as an object of study was due to the existence of a number of differences in the definition of gender roles in comparison with the all-Ukrainian practice. In the course of the research, it was established that the decisive factor that determined the formation and long-term preservation of masculinity in Donbas was the nature of the region’s economic development. In the post-reform period, the dominant branch of the economy here was agriculture with its traditional patriarchal structure. The intensive industrial development of the region, which began at the end of the 19th century, contributed to the emergence of economic sectors with the predominant involvement of men: coal, metallurgy. This led to the fact that men still had a dominant role in economic and socio-political life, while women’s sphere of activity was exclusively domestic. This situation did not change until almost the beginning of the 1930s, when the party-state bodies, interested in involving women in production, created conditions for their liberation from the household and involvement in public work. However, all this was not able to destroy the masculinity of the region, women were not able to occupy an equal place with men in social and political life during the period under study.
Образи маєтку роду Ґалаґанів у с. Сокиринці в історіографії кінця XIX – початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Додух В. М.
Published: February 2025

Маєтки представників дворянства Лівобережної України є надзвичайно цінним джерелом інформації з історії цього суспільного стану. Ці виразні архітектурні комплекси привертали увагу дослідників та знаходили своє відображення в їхній професійній діяль-ності. Одним з найяскравіших репрезентантів дворянської архітектури XVIII – XIX ст. є маєток роду Ґалаґанів у селищі Сокиринці Чернігівської області. Протягом своєї багато-вікової історії він пережив кілька масштабних перебудувань, але неодмінно залишався найважливішим, сакральним місцем для своїх власників та одним із значущих культурних осередків Лівобережжя. Актуальність дослідження визначається можливістю його включення до студій з історії архітектури, соціальної, культурної, інтелектуальної історії. Метою статті є проведення аналітичного оцінювання процесу формування та еволюції образу маєтку Ґалаґанів у Сокиринцях в історіографії кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. Ме-тодологічну основу дослідження сформували базові принципи теорії історіографічного образу. Також у роботі використовуються такі методи: історичний, аналітичний, гене-тичний, компаративний, біографічний, метод вивчення продуктів діяльності. Основні результати. Досліджено публікації, що містять розгорнуті оцінки маєтку Ґалаґанів у Сокиринцях. Виявлено, що всі автори публікацій відвідували маєток особисто, що значно впливало на їх оповідання. Визначено, що найбільш стійким є образ маєтку як шедевру архітектури, зберігача українських козацьких традицій, прихистку для великої кількості представників наукової та творчої еліти. Попри масштабні суспільно-політичні зміни на початку ХХ ст., маєток не був забутий. Дослідники зафіксували втрату колишньої краси та величі цього місця, викликану значними руйнуваннями та занепадом архітектурних композицій. Втім, вони зберігали оптимізм та віру в те, що маєток буде відбудований у первозданному вигляді. Праці істориків кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. стали фундаментом для всебічного вивчення українських поміщицьких маєтків. Практичне значення роботи полягає у привертанні уваги читачів до проблеми збереження та реставрації рідкісних архітектурних пам’яток України.
O jornalismo e a indústria da mídia
Authors: Welter Dias Silva Vinicios
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo faz uma breve apresentação das leituras de Adorno e Horkheimer, Habermas, Gramsci, Werneck Sodré e Genro Filho acerca da indústria da mídia, do jornalismo e dos seus respectivos papéis na sociedade. Adotamos a estratégia de revisão bibliográfica, apontando as rupturas e as continuidades do pensamento de autores geralmente informados por uma fonte de pensamento em comum: o marxismo. Distinguimos entre os “pessimistas” e os “otimistas”, profundamente alinhados de acordo com seus respectivos entendimentos da relação entre a base e a superestrutura, para delinear um esboço sintético dos limites e das possibilidades da indústria da mídia na modernidade. Propomos um alinhamento equidistante entre os dois grupos de pensamento, articulado pela ação popular direta na criação e difusão de informação, mirando a democratização da esfera pública.
Analytical Review of Methods for Designing E-Health Security Systems
Authors: Lapina Maria Anatolyevna , Maksimova Elena Alexandrovna , Lapin Vitaly Gennadevich , Boikov Nikita Sergeevich
Published: February 2025

The article explores the methods of designing security systems to ensure data confidentiality in telemedicine. The approaches to patient authentication used in tele-health care are considered, with an emphasis on their effectiveness and safety. The analysis of authentication methods, including biometric identification, two-factor authentication and the use of unique identification codes, was carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods have been identified, which gives medical organizations the opportunity to make management decisions that best match the structure of information systems and acceptable levels of risk.
Acsbg1 regulates differentiation and inflammatory properties of CD4+ T cells
Authors: Palatella Martina , Kruse Friederike , Glage Silke , Bleich André , Greweling-Pils Marina , Huehn Jochen
Published: February 2025

Epigenetic modifications are critical for the regulation of CD4+ T cell differentiation and function. Previously, we identified Acyl-CoA Synthetase Bubble Gum 1 (Acsbg1), a gene involved in fatty acid metabolism, as part of an epigenetic signature that was selectively demethylated in ex vivo isolated T helper 17 (TH17) cells. However, its functional relevance for CD4+ T cells remains incompletely understood. Here, we used in vitro differentiation assays and the adoptive transfer colitis model to investigate the role of Acsbg1 in the differentiation and function of TH1, TH17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. In vitro, Acsbg1 was expressed in both TH17 and in vitro-induced Treg (iTreg) cells, whereas TH1 cells lacked Acsbg1 expression. Accordingly, Acsbg1 deficiency resulted in impaired TH17 and iTreg differentiation, whereas TH1 differentiation was unaffected. In vivo, upon adoptive transfer of Acsbg1⁻/⁻ Tnaïve cells, immunodeficient recipient mice exhibited an exacerbated colitis, characterized by an altered balance of TH17 and Treg cells, indicating that Acsbg1 expression is essential for optimal TH17 and Treg cell differentiation and function. Our findings highlight the importance of fatty acid (FA) metabolism in maintaining immune homeostasis by regulating T cell differentiation and provide novel insights into the metabolic targeting of inflammatory diseases.
Duplex NiP/NiMo-(h)BN Co-Electroplating: Evaluation of Nanohardness, Room and High Temperature Wear Behaviors
Authors: Aydın Mert , Algül Hasan , Algül Figen , Tan Sezer , Alp Ahmet
Published: February 2025

This study presents the development of duplex NiP/NiMo-(h)BN co-electrodeposit applied to steel substrates using a reverse pulsed current (PC) deposition technique. The (h)BN was synthesized in a two-dimensional nanosheet structure via metallothermic reduction in molten salt. Duplex electrodeposition provide improved physical and mechanical characteristics over single-layer plating, making them suitable for applications requiring enhanced wear and adhesion properties. Here, NiP was selected as the inner layer due to its strong adhesion to steel, while NiMo-(h)BN served as the outer layer to maximize wear resistance. Both NiP and NiP/NiMo-(h)BN electrodeposits were deposited using a reverse pulsed current approach to enhance high temperature wear resistance of the steel substrate. Incorporating (h)BN nanosheets into the NiMo matrix significantly improved the deposit's nano-hardness, raising it from 4.26 GPa to 5.23 GPa with the addition of 10 g/L (h)BN. Additionally, the solid lubrication properties of (h)BN reduced the friction coefficient of the duplex electrodeposit from 0.7 to 0.4 µ. At 400 °C, the wear rate of the duplex NiP/NiMo-(h)BN co-electrodeposit was measured at 1.77 x 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm, demonstrating nearly twice the wear resistance compared to the duplex NiP/NiMo alloy deposit.
Giant popliteal artery aneurysm
Authors: Papoyan S.A. , Shchegolev A.A. , Mutaev M.M. , Asaturyan K.S. , Amirkhanyan D.S.
Published: February 2025

The authors present surgical treatment of a patient with giant popliteal artery aneurysm. Popliteal artery aneurysm is the most common location of aneurysms (about 70%). Giant popliteal artery aneurysm is rare (>7—8 cm). Giant aneurysms are of great clinical importance due to high risk of rupture and other complications. In addition, these aneurysms require specific surgical treatment. The chosen surgical tactics provided effective prevention of limb ischemia.
Immediate results of mitral and aortic valve replacement with simultaneous Cox-Maze IV procedure
Authors: Evseev E.P. , Botashev A.A. , Aidamirov I.A. , Balakin E.V. , Fomin M.A. , Ivanov V.A. , Belov Yu.V.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To evaluate the immediate outcomes of mitral and aortic valve replacement with simultaneous Cox-Maze IV procedure. Material and methods. A retrospective study included 23 patients who underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement with simultaneous Cox-Maze IV procedure between 2017 and 2023. Results. Sinus rhythm at discharge was noted in 17 (81%) patients, atrial fibrillation — in 4 (19%) patients. Postoperative hospital-stay was 9 (7; 10) days. Among patients with paroxysmal AF, sinus rhythm at discharge was restored in 5 (83.3%) out of 6 patients, in persistent AF — 3 (100%) out of 3 patients, in longstanding persistent AF — 9 (75%) out of 12 patients. No cases of permanent pacemaker implantation were observed. Conclusion. Mitral and aortic valve replacement with simultaneous Cox-Maze IV procedure is effective and safe. This approach improves early and long-term outcomes, as well as quality of life.
Technical features of aortic valve prosthesis fixation to minimize pressure gradient in postoperative period
Authors: Lysenko A.V. , Uritskaya A.K. , Salagaev G.I. , Belov Yu.V.
Published: February 2025

The problem of prosthesis-patient mismatch remains one of the leading issues in aortic valve surgery. The authors discuss certain aspects related to aortic valve prosthesis fixation and potentially influencing the phenomenon of prosthesis-patient mismatch.
Immunohistochemical method of megakaryocytic lineage staining in bone marrow biopsy specimens as an additional pathomorphological differential diagnostic sign of primary myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Asaulenko Z.P. , Krivolapov Yu.A.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To evaluate and compare morphometric and histotopographic characteristics of megakaryocytic lineage in preparations stained with H&E or antibodies to CD42b in diagnostic trepanobioptates of bone marrow of patients with primary myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythemia with JAK2 or CALR mutation. Analyze the dimensions and quantity of CD42b-positive megakaryocytes in 1 mm2 area of section and assess suitability of these parameters as an additional differential pathomorphological criterion. Material and methods. 108 trephine biopsies of the bone marrow from patients with primary myelofibrosis (N=53) and essential thrombocythemia (N=55) with JAK2 or CALR mutation were selected. Digitized bone marrow slides stained with H&E or antibodies to CD42b (clone EP409) were the object of study. In every sample the average values of perimeter and area of megakaryocytes were analyzed, as well as the average number of megakaryocytes in 1 mm2 area of myeloid tissue section. Logistic regression analysis was used to describe the relationship between CD42b-positive megakaryocyte characteristics and disease (primary myelofibrosis or essential thrombocythemia). Results. Immunohistochemical examination of bone marrow biopsy specimens using antibodies to CD42b in comparison with H&E staining allows to multiply the number of identifiable megakaryocytes in myeloid tissue by 3.5—4 times (p<0.0001). Statistically significant differences in the mean values of the number of megakaryocytes in 1 mm2 of the section area and megakaryocyte perimeter in patients with primary myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythemia have been demonstrated. ROC analysis (AUC=0.84, 95% CI 0.7782—0.9199) justifies the inclusion of the average perimeter size of CD42b-positive megakaryocytes and their number in 1 mm2 of the section area in the differential diagnostic panel as an additional pathomorphological criterion. Conclusion. The revealed statistically significant differences in quantitative and geometric characteristics of megakaryocytes allowed to calculate differential threshold values of characteristics of megakaryocytic lineage of myeloid tissue in diagnostic trepanobioptates of bone marrow from patients with primary myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythemia. Counting the number of CD42b-positive megakaryocytes in one field of view at a magnification of 400 times was proposed as an additional pathomorphological differential-diagnostic sign.
Synthesis ofcis-(N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2-(3-(m-tolyloxy)cyclohexyl)propan-1-amine) v1
Authors: Trushin Sergey , Kim Oanh Nguyen Thi , Stojakovic Andrea , Ostroot Mark , T. Deason Jonathan , Chang Su-Youne , Zhang Liang , I. Macura Slobodan , Nambara Toshihiko , Lu Wenyan , Kanekiyo Takahisa , Trushina Eugenia
Published: February 2025

This protocol is for the synthesis of cis-(N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2-(3-(m-tolyloxy)cyclohexyl)propan-1-amine) (c458)
A Systematic Review on Adverse Effects of Antidepressants for Pharmacological Treatment of Depression Over a Decade v1
Authors: Abdul Rasheed Razia , not provided Dr.Sridevi , kishore krishna , s Dr.Vijayalakshmi , Raja Dr.T.A.R , G Dr.Senthil , Devi P Dr.Renuga , Reddy Dr.Ramanarayana , RATHINAM P SANJAI
Published: February 2025

Depression is a severe heterogeneous disease that affects a person's mood, physical health and behavior. Depression was ranked the fourth leading cause of disability and premature death. Depression treatment modalities involve pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy or both. However, some studies have reported that, dropout rates on antidepressants are 50% in first 2-4 months.Adverse drug reactions are an important factor in non-adherence to antidepressant treatment. Therefore, prevention of side effects should be the vital part of treatment.Objectives:To assess the Adverse Effects of Antidepressants for Pharmacological Treatment of Depression Over a Decade.Materials and method:Databases:PUBMED/MEDLINEand COCHRANE.Search strategies:Antidepressants, SSRIs, SNRIs, Side effects, TCAs, ADRs with year limit 2011-2020.Data extraction: Authors will review the electronic abstracts and selected full-text articles for inclusion. The following information will be extracted from each included study: Mean age, sample size, study population, study design, category and name of antidepressants used, dosage, dosing regimen, side effects of each agent. Data extraction will be performed according to PRISMA guidelines.
TARAS SHEVCHENKO'S "THE PLUNDERED GRAVE" ("ROZRYTA MOHYLA"): MODERN INTERPRETATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fliashko Olha
Published: February 2025

The deep symbolic connections and prophetic character of the poem "Rozryta mohyla" by Taras Shevchenko are highlighted. In particular, the author comprehends Taras Shevchenko's prophecy, which highlights important issues of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, from a modern perspective; the writer's predictions are interpreted in the modern Ukrainian context. Attention is focused on the phenomenal nature of Shevchenko's thoughts, which reflected the realities of Ukraine and are important for understanding the historical and contemporary context.
The lines of the poem are comprehended in the context of military aggression, modern religious and information warfare. It is established that the words of the poet remain relevant today, emphasising the importance of defending the freedom and independence of the nation. The ideas expressed complement the understanding of the uniqueness and relevance of Shevchenko's work in the context of the Russian- Ukrainian war. Taras Shevchenko's poem "Rozryta mohyla" reflects not only the painful tragedy of the loss of independence and dignity of the Ukrainian people, but also the poet's prophetic view of the future. His words about the eternal struggle for freedom and truth still sound relevant today, reminding us of the importance of memory and historical consciousness.
In particular, when analysing the symbolism and metaphors in the poem, one can see parallels with current events related to the conflict between Ukraine and Russia. The prophetic nature of Taras Shevchenko's poem helps to understand the essence of current events and identify ways to overcome the challenges facing Ukrainian society. Taras Shevchenko's words about the importance of the struggle for freedom and dignity are relevant to the modern generation.
By analysing Shevchenko's poetry in the context of contemporary events, we can see how he foresaw the difficult situations that Ukraine has faced in the past and is facing today. The prophetic nature of his work helps us understand the depth of
national history and find important lessons for the present, which makes Shevchenko's poetry extremely valuable to the Ukrainian people. The symbolic connections and metaphors in his poetry help us to understand current events and challenges facing Ukraine. Shevchenko's prophecies have become not only a reflection of the past, but also important signposts for the future The prophetic nature of the poet's work makes it of great importance for both the past and the present, helping us to understand the depth of national consciousness and the ways of development of the Ukrainian nation.
In the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, there is a need for a modern rethinking of historical events and consequences for the preservation of the historical truth of Ukraine, in particular, the interpretation of Taras Shevchenko's poem "Rozryta mohyla", which explains the relevance of this article.