bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacia una metodología de la investigación contable.
Authors: Perry Germán Pinto
Published: July 2014

Este ensayo argumenta un criterio para establecer que la Contabilidad es una ciencia social, criterio que se concibe a través del desarrollo de una conceptualización particular de “ciencia”. Por tal, se entiende a todo constructo convencionalmente aceptado como verdadero y, por ende, como científico. No hay ciencia en el ejercicio profesional del contador, sino en la reflexión y análisis del hecho económico para ser expuesto de tal forma que aporte al proceso de toma de decisiones de las entidades. El criterio para validar esa exposición es la imagen fiel que debe evidenciar su revelación en los estados contables. Los criterios que permiten la exposición eficiente de los hechos econó- micos, se obtienen gracias a la investigación contable que puede seguir una metodología cuantitativa o cualitativa. Ambas permiten arribar a conclusiones eficientes que garantizan el carácter científico de la Contabilidad, no siendo patrimonio de esto, en forma exclusiva, la aplicación de estudios basados en cálculos estadísticos, sino también herramientas provenientes de la interpretación de las cualidades de los fenómenos observados. Por otro lado, la investigación científica en Contabilidad permite generar un conjunto de criterios que pueden ser el sustento de los criterios que son formalizados a través de las normas contables como las NIIF. Este proceso de emisión de normativa sustentada en un proceso científico, parte con la definición del hecho económico, su valorización, una experimentación que permita validar los atributos de la exposición y de la imagen fiel del estudio que se está haciendo y; finalmente, la emisión de la norma. Es por ello que la investigación contable es aplicable en tres instantes: cuando se está abstrayendo el hecho económico, para validar su exposición y en otros instantes, como por ejemplo cuando se evalúa la eficiencia de alguna norma ya emitida.
Fundamentos Teóricos para la Interpretación de las Normas Contables Profesionales Argentinas en Materia de Conversión de Estados Contables
Authors: Torres Carlos Federico
Published: July 2014

La conversión de estados contables de una moneda en la que originalmente fueron preparados a otra, constituye un procedimiento de reexpresión, y, por lo tanto, debe considerárselo un tema inherente a la unidad de medida en la que se expresa la información contable. No consideraremos en este trabajo los aspectos básicos del procedimiento, puesto que sólo nos abocaremos a las cuestiones relativas a la identificación y el análisis del concepto de moneda funcional y a la identificación de los métodos aplicables en el marco de las normas contenidas en la resolución técnica nº 18, sección 1, vigente en la actualidad. Dilucidados estos aspectos, nos trasladamos al contexto argentino, a fin de interpretar cuáles son estos procedimientos en el marco de las normas contenidas de la resolución técnica nº 18, sección 1.
Normas de Exposición para Entes Cooperativos. 11 Propuestas al Proyecto 11
Authors: Casabianca María Luz
Published: July 2014

En mayo 2006 se puso en consideración de los profesionales normas de exposición para entes cooperativos. Este artículo presenta las novedades y analiza cómo se publica Información Complementaria de los estados contables, haciendo propuestas que responden a las características del sector. Dichas propuestas fueron consideradas por el Centro de Estudios Científicos y Técnicos de la Federación de Ciencias Económicas y obtuvieron el Primer Premio en las Jornadas Nacionales de Actuación en Cooperativas otorgado por el Presidente de la Federación y el President del Instituto Nacional de Asociativismo y Economía Social.
Categorías que Orientan la Selección Bibliográfica en el Aula de Matemática
Authors: Zanabria Claudia , Mas María Magdalena
Published: July 2014

Una de las más arduas tareas que debemos realizar como docentes, ante el diseño de una propuesta pedagógica es la selección de los soportes didácticos que acompañarán la misma, por ejemplo la selección de libros de textos. Particularmente ante la selección de libros de textos, nos preguntamos cuáles son los criterios que debemos tener en cuenta para elegirlo o descartarlo. Una vez seleccionado el que consideramos más adecuado, ¿está asegurado el éxito de nuestra propuesta de enseñanza? El propósito de éste trabajo es presentar las categorías consideradas en la ejecución del análisis bibliográfico que se ha realizado con el fin de seleccionar textos para emplear en las clases de la cátedra de Matemática Básica de la facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, teniendo en cuenta el contexto, la visión de lo que significa enseñar y aprender matemática y la significatividad de los materiales de la enseñanza según el encuadre pedagógico donde se los utiliza.
Divulgación científica: Las trayectorias académicas como objeto de investigación en las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Zandomeni Norma , Canale Sandra
Published: July 2014

El presente trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación que se viene desarrollando en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, denominado “Educación y trabajo. El caso de los alumnos que abandonan los estudios superiores”. Se parte de reconocer que el estudio de las trayectorias académicas de los estudiantes constituye una línea de investigación capaz de aportar información relevante al renovado debate sobre los fenómenos de rezago y abandono y sustentar el diseño de estrategias orientadas al logro de una educación superior más inclusiva. Atendiendo a la complejidad de este objeto de estudio, se analizan distintas perspectivas conceptuales y metodológicas en torno al concepto de trayectorias académicas y a su abordaje empírico.
La Competitividad como Requerimiento para la Exportación de Servicios de Turismo
Authors: Comelli María Lorena , Gastaldi Mirian Raquel
Published: July 2014

La competitivdad adquiere actulamente relevancia en el ámbito turístico, observándose a nivel nacional acciones tendientes a promover productos turísticos competitivos. Este trabajo analiza condiciones operativas y administrativasde agencias PyMEs de turismo de la ciudad de Santa Fe para determinar características competitivas. Se utiliza el modelo de cadena de valor de M. Porter, mediante el uso de encuestas y entrevistas. Los resultados revelan los "encajes" que potencian la competitividad: estrategias de crecimiento, cultura abierta, tecnologías de información racionalizadas y de equipamiento actualizaods, fuerte profesionalización y obtención de mejoras significativas a partir de esfuerzos realizados. Como conclusión, el 31.25% de empresas poseen esas características.
Los laberintos de la extensión
Authors: Bentolila Lía , Kessler María Elena , Heinrich Verónica
Published: July 2014

El siguiente trabajo se organiza en tres cuerpos. En primer lugar, se desarrolla la presentación institucional de la Dirección de Desarrollo Comunitario y Organizacional, dependiente de la Secretaría de Extensión de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral y de las áreas que la componen: Fortalecimiento Institucional; Centros UNL; Economía Social y Desarrollo Local. El segundo cuerpo remite a reflexiones críticas, de tono ensayístico, focalizadas en tres cuestiones: la vinculación entre extensión– investigación, la intervención social centrada en las organizaciones sociales, y el territorio como arena donde se inscriben las prácticas de las Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil (OSC) y como resultado de las mismas. Finalmente, en el tercer apartado se socializan dos experiencias: “Entre voces: una experiencia de intervención territorial” y “Hacia la construcción de otra economía centrada en el trabajo”
La ciudadanía a través de los prismas de la cultura política, el espacio público y la democracia
Authors: Minetti Ricardo
Published: July 2014

Desde hace un tiempo, que puede fraccionarse en décadas, la problemática de la ciudadanía ha ganado un lugar destacado en los terrenos de la teoría, la investigación, y la gestión de la política, lo cual de alguna manera parece responder a la dimensión normativa que posee el concepto.Para el caso de los países latinoamericanos, la ciudadanía adquiere un relieve especial en el contexto de regímenes democráticos suficientemente estabilizados como para recapitular en el saber y los logros obtenidos por parte del/os ciudadano/s y para plantear, desde esos cimientos, las posibilidades que se abren en función de las condiciones particulares de nuestros países
Los derechos como resultado de luchas históricas
Authors: Jelin Elizabeth
Published: July 2014

Habitualmente escuchamos hablar de “derechos humanos” y de “ciudadanía”. Es común que distintas personas en diferentes contextos y circunstancias hagan alusión a ellos, y es común que el significado de estos términos varíe en los diversos usos que reciben: “todos tenemos derecho a expresarnos”, “el derecho a una vida digna tiene que ser universal”, “las dictaduras violan los derechos humanos básicos”. Incluso se justifican guerras e invasiones en nombre de la democracia y los derechos humanos. En el caso de “ciudadanía”, la diversidad de usos es igualmente amplia. Políticos y dirigentes suelen hablarle a “la ciudadanía” y en numerosas situaciones oímos acerca de nuestros “deberes como ciudadanos”. Al entrar y salir del país y al hacer trámites administrativos o jurídicos debemos llenar formularios declarando nuestra “ciudadanía”.
Modelo de desarrollo y universidad en Argentina. Análisis crítico y contribución de la extensión universitaria al desarrollo local y regional.
Authors: García Delgado Daniel , Casalis Alejandro
Published: July 2014

A principios de la primera década del siglo XXI, y en el marco de la crisis del Estado neoliberal, emergió una nueva conceptualización del desarrollo en Argentina que cuestionó los enfoques tradicionales del desarrollo local y regional y el tipo de políticas públicas que se implementaron a partir de estos enfoques. El desarrollo local y regional dejó de formar parte exclusivamente del debate académico y de la implementación de políticas municipales para incorporarse a las políticas públicas nacionales y provinciales y en las prácticas de extensión que realizan las universidades.También cambió el rol de la universidad con relación a la percepción y a las demandas que la sociedad le formula. Se modificó la concepción que predominó durante el modelo neoliberal, más vinculada a las demandas del mercado, con una orientación “universalista” y una relación “centro–periferia” en que la universidad receptaba y aplicaba teorías del centro, y se adoptó una reflexión más autónoma, que destaca los aportes de la universidad al desarrollo productivo y social.
The Casualty Figures in Darius’ Bisitun Inscription
Authors: Hyland John O.
Published: July 2014

The Babylonian and Aramaic versions of the Bisitun inscription give precise enumerations of enemies killed and captured by the armies of Darius I in 522–521 bc. But the figures are absent from Bisitun’s other versions, and their accuracy and historical value remain in question. This study reviews their textual reliability and modern reconstructions and argues that they do not reflect accurate counts of battlefield dead or prisoners. It proposes that the Babylonian text offered more space for additional material than its Elamite or Persian counterparts and that its casualty figures enhanced Darius’ military narrative by quantifying his superiority to subordinates: enemy losses are highest when the King commands in person, less for generals in separate commands, and lowest for Darius’ non-Persian lieutenants. Explanations are considered for a possible exception, the victory of the satrap Dadaršiš in Margiana.
Bringing androgens up a NOTCH in breast cancer
Authors: Tarulli Gerard A , Butler Lisa M , Tilley Wayne D , Hickey Theresa E
Published: July 2014

While it has been known for decades that androgen hormones influence normal breast development and breast carcinogenesis, the underlying mechanisms have only been recently elucidated. To date, most studies have focused on androgen action in breast cancer cell lines, yet these studies represent artificial systems that often do not faithfully replicate/recapitulate the cellular, molecular and hormonal environments of breast tumoursin vivo. It is critical to have a better understanding of how androgens act in the normal mammary gland as well as inin vivosystems that maintain a relevant tumour microenvironment to gain insights into the role of androgens in the modulation of breast cancer development. This in turn will facilitate application of androgen-modulation therapy in breast cancer. This is particularly relevant as current clinical trials focus on inhibiting androgen action as breast cancer therapy but, depending on the steroid receptor profile of the tumour, certain individuals may be better served by selectively stimulating androgen action. Androgen receptor (AR) protein is primarily expressed by the hormone-sensing compartment of normal breast epithelium, commonly referred to as oestrogen receptor alpha (ERa (ESR1))-positive breast epithelial cells, which also express progesterone receptors (PRs) and prolactin receptors and exert powerful developmental influences on adjacent breast epithelial cells. Recent lineage-tracing studies, particularly those focussed on NOTCH signalling, and genetic analysis of cancer risk in the normal breast highlight how signalling via the hormone-sensing compartment can influence normal breast development and breast cancer susceptibility. This provides an impetus to focus on the relationship between androgens, AR and NOTCH signalling and the crosstalk between ERa and PR signalling in the hormone-sensing component of breast epithelium in order to unravel the mechanisms behind the ability of androgens to modulate breast cancer initiation and growth.
Editorial
Authors: Levinson Mark M.
Published: July 2014

As Founder and Editor-in-Chief of The Heart Surgery Forum, it is my pleasure to update the readership on events salient to our mission and our members. First the proceedings of the HSF #2 Scientific Congress in Split, Croatia this past May 14-17, 2014.
Bowel Preparations for Colonoscopy: An RCT
Authors: Di Nardo Giovanni , Aloi Marina , Cucchiara Salvatore , Spada Cristiano , Hassan Cesare , Civitelli Fortunata , Nuti Federica , Ziparo Chiara , Pession Andrea , Lima Mario , La Torre Giuseppe , Oliva Salvatore
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND:

The ideal preparation regimen for pediatric colonoscopy remains elusive, and available preparations continue to represent a challenge for children. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and acceptance of 4 methods of bowel cleansing before colonoscopy in children.

METHODS:

This randomized, investigator-blinded, noninferiority trial enrolled all children aged 2 to 18 years undergoing elective colonoscopy in a referral center for pediatric gastroenterology. Patients were randomly assigned to receive polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 with simethicon (PEG-ELS group) or PEG-4000 with citrates and simethicone plus bisacodyl (PEG-CS+Bisacodyl group), or PEG 3350 with ascorbic acid (PEG-Asc group), or sodium picosulfate plus magnesium oxide and citric acid (NaPico+MgCit group). Bowel cleansing was evaluated according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. The primary end point was overall colon cleansing. Tolerability, acceptability, and compliance were also evaluated.

RESULTS:

Two hundred ninety-nine patients were randomly allocated to the 4 groups. In the per-protocol analysis, PEG-CS+Bisacodyl, PEG-Asc, and NaPico+MgCit were noninferior to PEG-ELS in bowel-cleansing efficacy of both the whole colon (P = .910) and colonic segments. No serious adverse events occurred in any group. Rates of tolerability, acceptability, and compliance were significantly higher in the NaPico+MgCit group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Low-volume PEG preparations (PEG-CS+Bisacodyl, PEG-Asc) and NaPico+MgCit are noninferior to PEG-ELS in children, representing an attractive alternative to high-volume regimens in clinical practice. Because of the higher tolerability and acceptability profile, NaPico+MgCit would appear as the most suitable regimen for bowel preparation in children.
An immunohistochemical analysis of sex-steroid receptors, tumor suppressor gene p53 and Ki-67 in the normal and neoplastic uterine cervix squamous epithelium
Authors: Nikolaou Marinos , Koumoundourou Dimitra , Ravazoula Panagiota , Papadopoulou Margarita , Michail Georgios , Decavalas Georgios
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Malignant transformation of sex-steroid dependent tissues is
associated with the loss of expression of sex steroid receptors as well as of
the tumor suppression gene p53. The aim of this study is to evaluate the
expression of sex-steroid receptors, p53 and Ki-67 in specimens from
pre-malignant and malignant cervical epithelial lesions throughout the
menstrual cycle. Material and Methods. Immunohistochemical staining was
performed on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections of normal
squamous cervical epithelium, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive
squamous cervical carcinoma, specimens utilizing antibodies against estrogen
receptors, progesterone receptors, p53 protein and Ki-67 antigen. Results. In
the samples taken from the normal cervical tissue, basal cells were usually
estrogen receptor-positive, progesterone receptornegative, p53-negative and
Ki-67-negative throughout the menstrual cycle. In contrast, para-basal cells
were estrogen receptorpositive and progesterone receptor-negative in the
follicular phase, but estrogen receptor-negative and progesterone receptor
-positive and Ki-67 positive in the luteal phase. In cervical precancerous
and cancer tissue samples (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous
cervical carcinoma), the expression of estrogen receptors decreased. 31.15%
of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 11.5% of squamous cervical
carcinoma were positive for estrogen receptors. However, the expression of
progesterone receptors increased. 29.5% of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
and 49.2% of squamous cervical carcinoma were positive for progesterone
receptors. Positive staining for p53 was observed in 15 (24.59%) cases of
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and in 39 (64%) of squamous cervical
carcinoma. The expression Ki-67 index in squamous cervical carcinoma cases
(47.60%) was significantly higher than of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
cases (30.2%) (p=0.041). Conclusion. The findings of this study suggest that
tumor cervical cells evade normal growth control by sex steroid hormones
while synchronously abnormal regulatory mechanisms acquire control of the
cell cycle.
Medial tibial stress syndrome: Case report
Authors: Jovicic Milica , Jovicic Vladimir , Hrkovic Marija , Lazovic Milica
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Although it can be difficult to differentiate pain in lower
legs, it is important for clinicians to differentiate medial tibial stress
syndrome, which is a rather benign condition, from acute compartment
syndrome, which is an emergency, as well as from different types of stress
fractures described in this region. The aim of this case report was to
present medial tibial stress syndrome as a clinical diagnosis, possible
dilemmas in differential diagnosis and the efficacy of rehabilitation
treatment. Case report. A 25-year old male patient sought medical help
complaining of the pain along the distal third of tibia. The pain was present
on palpation of the distal two-thirds of the lateral and medial tibial border
over the length of 9 cm and on muscle manual testing of foot flexors. The
patient underwent physical and exercise treatment for three weeks. The
recovery was monitored by visual analogue scale, which measured the lower leg
pain, pain on palpation and manual muscle testing. In addition, the patient
himself assessed his ability to resume sport activities on the 5-point Likert
scale. The final evaluation and measurements showed his complete functional
recovery. Conclusion. The results obtained in this case show the importance
of accurate clinical diagnosis and rehabilitation for medial tibial stress
syndrome.
Changes in the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters after decreasing the elevated intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma patients
Authors: Marjanovic Ivan , Martinez Antonio , Marjanovic Marija , Milic Natasa , Kontic Djordje , Hentova-Sencanic Paraskeva , Markovic Vujica , Bozic Marija
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Ocular blood flow (OBF) disturbances could be involved both in
the pathogenesis and in progression of glaucomatous damage. Objective. The
aim of the study was to compare the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters in the
ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA) and short posterior
cilliary arteries (SPCA) after decreasing the elevated intraocular pressure
(IOP) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients by using color Doppler
imaging (CDI). Methods. We examined 60 patients (21 male and 39 female) with
diagnosed and treated POAG. Thirtynine patients had increased IOP (>25 mm
Hg). Peak-systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), Pourcelot
resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were assessed in the OA,
CRA, and SPCA. IOP was measured both with the Goldmann Applanation tonometer
(GAT) and with the Dynamic Contour tonometer (DCT), three times respectively.
Ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) was measured using DCT. Results. The retrobulbar
parameters between the baseline and after IOP reduction showed no difference
in measurements. After Bonferroni correction (p?0.0056, alpha/9) statistical
significance was recorded only in the following retrobulbar hemodynamic
parameters; DCT (29.8?6.2 vs. 15.5?5.0), GAT (33.8?9.0 vs. 15.0?6.6) and OPA
measurements (4.3?1.0 vs. 3.0?1.6), as compared to the baseline. There was no
correlation between the changes in IOP measured with either DCT or GAT and
changes in the hemodynamic parameters (p>0.05 for all). Pearson correlation
coefficient (95% CI) showed very good correlation for IOP measurements
between DCT and GAT: at baseline 0.83 (0.71 to 0.90) and at the end 0.71
(0.55 to 0.83); p<0.0001 for both measurements, but without any difference
between them (p>0.05). Conclusion. There was a lack of correlation between
the changes in IOP measured with either DCT or GAT and the changes in the
hemodynamic parameters.
Thrombolysis of occluded femoropopliteal graft with locally delivered human plasmin
Authors: Nenezic Dragoslav , Radak Djordje , Jocic Dario , Gajin Predrag , Tanaskovic Slobodan , Novakovic Aleksandra , Matic Predrag
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Acute lower limb ischemia results from thrombosis or
embolization of diseased native artery or previously implanted bypass graft.
When this occurs, several options are available to restore blood flow:
catheter-directed thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy or open surgery.
Fundamental reasons to apply percutaneous interventions are avoiding open
procedures in high risk patients, and avoiding difficult dissection through
scar tissue. Case Outline. A 67-year-old male was admitted at our Institution
for critical limb ischemia. After performed angiography the diagnosis of
occluded femoropopliteal graft was established. Occlusion was resolved by
catheter-directed thrombolysis with plasmin. Culprit lesions were treated by
angioplasty. Conclusion. Our patient underwent a successful thrombolysis of
occluded femoropopliteal graft with locally-delivered human plasmin.
Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital region
Authors: Turkalj Ivan , Djilas-Ivanovic Dragana , Boskov Nedeljka , Petrov Branislav , Stajer Laszlo , Ivkovic-Kapicl Tatjana
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Buschke-Lcwenstein tumor (BLT), as a rare form of condylomata
acuminatum, was firstly described by Buschke in 1886 as a "carcinoma-like
condyloma acuminatum of the penis?. BLT is generally considered to be a
low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital region. Case
Outline. We describe a case of BLT in a 56-year-old male patient who was
referred to our institute due to a large defect in the gluteal region. The
biopsy of the lesion was performed and the diagnosis of BLT was made on
histopathological examination. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis
showed the extensive vegetant lesion that significantly infiltrated pelvic
organs accompanied with an enlargement of para-iliac lymph nodes.
Sygmoidostomy for fecal diversion was done and chemotherapy with
5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was initiated. Unfortunately, the patient?s
severe condition caused fatal outcome. Conclusion. Our case points out that
BLT should be treated at the initial stage in order to prevent untreatable
condition which happened in our patient. Therefore, early diagnostics and
staging of the disease using modern technologies are crucial in order to
treat patients effectively.
Acute kidney injury in children
Authors: Peco-Antic Amira , Paripovic Dusan
Published: July 2014

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical condition considered to be the
consequence of a sudden decrease (>25%) or discontinuation of renal function.
The term AKI is used instead of the previous term acute renal failure,
because it has been demonstrated that even minor renal lesions may cause
far-reaching consequences on human health. Contemporary classifications of
AKI (RIFLE and AKIN) are based on the change of serum creatinine and urinary
output. In the developed countries, AKI is most often caused by renal
ischemia, nephrotoxins and sepsis, rather than a (primary) diffuse renal
disease, such as glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, renovascular
disorder and thrombotic microangiopathy. The main risk factors for hospital
AKI are mechanical ventilation, use of vasoactive drugs, stem cell
transplantation and diuretic-resistant hypervolemia. Prerenal and parenchymal
AKI (previously known as acute tubular necrosis) jointly account for 2/3 of
all AKI causes. Diuresis and serum creatinine concentration are not early
diagnostic markers of AKI. Potential early biomarkers of AKI are neutrophil
gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, kidney injury molecule-1
(KIM-1), interleukins 6, 8 and 18, and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein
(L-FABP). Early detection of kidney impairment, before the increase of serum
creatinine, is important for timely initiated therapy and recovery. The goal
of AKI treatment is to normalize the fluid and electrolyte status, as well as
the correction of acidosis and blood pressure. Since a severe fluid overload
resistant to diuretics and inotropic agents is associated with a poor
outcome, the initiation of dialysis should not be delayed. The mortality rate
of AKI is highest in critically ill children with multiple organ failure and
hemodynamically unstable patients.
Improving blood safety: Errors management in transfusion medicine
Authors: Bujandric Nevenka , Grujic Jasmina , Krga-Milanovic Mirjana
Published: July 2014

Introduction. The concept of blood safety includes the entire transfusion
chain starting with the collection of blood from the blood donor, and ending
with blood transfusion to the patient. The concept involves quality
management system as the systematic monitoring of adverse reactions and
incidents regarding the blood donor or patient. Monitoring of near-miss
errors show the critical points in the working process and increase
transfusion safety. Objective. The aim of the study was to present the
analysis results of adverse and unexpected events in transfusion practice
with a potential risk to the health of blood donors and patients. Methods.
One-year retrospective study was based on the collection, analysis and
interpretation of written reports on medical errors in the Blood Transfusion
Institute of Vojvodina. Results. Errors were distributed according to the
type, frequency and part of the working process where they occurred. Possible
causes and corrective actions were described for each error. The study showed
that there were not errors with potential health consequences for the blood
donor/patient. Errors with potentially damaging consequences for patients
were detected throughout the entire transfusion chain. Most of the errors
were identified in the preanalytical phase. The human factor was responsible
for the largest number of errors. Conclusion. Error reporting system has an
important role in the error management and the reduction of
transfusion-related risk of adverse events and incidents. The ongoing
analysis reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the entire process and
indicates the necessary changes. Errors in transfusion medicine can be
avoided in a large percentage and prevention is costeffective, systematic and
applicable.
Schooling for Conflict Transformation: A Case Study from Northern Uganda
Authors: Cunningham Jeremy
Published: July 2014

Civil wars are impeding progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. Educational access contributes to peace-building after civil war but little is known about the role of the school curriculum. A framework derived from a synthesis of peace education, human rights education and citizenship education is proposed and then examined through a qualitative case study of eight educational institutions in a district in northern Uganda emerging from a 20-year civil war. The schools promote reconciliation values, develop some problem-solving and communication skills, and reveal some knowledge of human rights. There is little understanding of history, or of local, national and international political/legal systems, and minimal development of discussion and critical thinking skills. It is argued that the framework can be used to investigate other schools and to inform the design of a curriculum that can contribute to conflict transformation, with the ultimate aim of reducing the risk of civil war re-eruption.
Thermal Analysis of Epoxy Based Coconut Fiber-Almond Shell Particle Reinforced Biocomposites
Authors: Chaudhary Arun Kumar , Gope P.C. , Singh V.K. , Verma Alka , Suman Ajay Rajiv
Published: July 2014

In this research, the suitability of almond shell and coconut fiber as a renewable agricultural residue for manufacturing of biocomposite to be used as a replacement of wood was investigated. The use of agriculture waste as a reinforcement in composite may result in several environmental and socioeconomic benefits. Biocomposite containing different weight percentage of almond shell particle (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%) and coconut fiber (2, 4 and 6 wt%) mixed with 20 wt% of almond shell particles were made using epoxy resin and 0.5 wt% of Tricresyl Phosphate. Thermal stability test and morphology (SEM) of the biocomposite were determined.
Influence of Cutting Technology on Properties of the Cut Edges
Authors: Węglowski Marek S. , Pfeifer Tomasz
Published: July 2014

The influence of cutting technologies on the quality, mechanical properties and microstructure of the cut edges of steel is presented. The cutting technologies cover: plasma, laser beam, water jet and oxyfuel flame cutting. During investigation the measurements of perpendicularity tolerance, hardness, mean high of the profile Rz5 and metallographic examination were carry out. The results revealed that the lowest hardness was achieved by water jet cutting, whereas the highest was obtained by plasma cutting under the water surface. The lowest perpendicularity was obtained by plasma cutting under the water surface but the highest was achieved by laser and HD plasma cutting. The conducted experiments revealed moreover that the lowest roughness was achieved by means of plasma cutting over the water surface, whereas the highest by laser beam cutting.
The Impact of Waste Incineration on Human Beings and The Environment
Authors: Wielgosiński Grzegorz , Targaszewska Agata
Published: July 2014

The article discusses issues related to the impact of incineration on human health and the environment. The aim of the work is to make a broad overview of the existing literature in this area. The problem was described in the literature based on a number of waste incineration plants studies in both Europe and all around the world. Subjects analyzed in the literature were risks at workplace, both administrative ones and directly related to the process of thermal treatment of waste. These risks result among others from the atmospheric emissions of many pollutants, including most of all polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, heavy metals and some volatile organic compounds. The results of these studies will be an important argument in the discussion on the possible risks to humans and the environment posed by waste incineration plants and the expediency of building waste incinerators in Poland.
Intuitionistic Assessment Of Behavioural Present Value*
Authors: Piasecki Krzysztof
Published: July 2014

The article discussesd the impact of chosen behavioural factors on the imprecision of present value assessment. The formal model of behavioural present value is offered as a result of this discussion. The behavioural present value is described here as an intuitionistic fuzzy set. The significance of the replacement of a fuzzy set by an intuitionistic fuzzy set is proved.
Comparison of Static Balance and the Role of Vision in Elite Athletes
Authors: Hammami Raouf , Behm David G , Chtara Mokhtar , Othman Aymen Ben , Chaouachi Anis
Published: July 2014

When prescribing balance exercises to athletes in different sports, it may be important to recognize performance variations. Indeed, how athletes from different sports perform on balance tests is not well understood. The goal of the present study was to compare static balance and the role of vision among elite sprinters, jumpers and rugby players. The modified clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (mCTSIB) was used to assess the velocity of the center-of-pressure (CoP) on a force platform during a 30 s bipedal quiet standing posture in 4 conditions: firm surface with opened and closed eyes, foam surface with opened and closed eyes. Three-factor ANOVA indicated a significant main effect for groups (F=21.69, df=2, p<0.001, η2 = 0.34). Significant main effect of vision (F=43.20, df=1, p<0.001, η2 = 0.34) and surface (F=193.41, df=1, p<0.001, η2 = 0.70) as well as an interaction between vision (eyes open, eyes closed) and surface (firm and foam) (F=21.79, df=1, p=0.001) were reported in all groups. The subsequent Bonferroni-Dunn post hoc test indicated that rugby players displayed better static balance than sprinters and jumpers (p=0.001). The comparison of sprinters and jumpers did not reveal significant differences (p>0.05). The nature of the sport practiced and the absence of visual control are linked to modify static balance in elite athletes. Coaches and strength and conditioning professionals are recommended to use a variety of exercises to improve balance, including both exercises with opened and closed eyes on progressively challenging surfaces in order to make decisions about tasks and sensory availability during assessment and training.
Effect of Training Mode on Post-Exercise Heart Rate Recovery of Trained Cyclists
Authors: McDonald Kelia G. , Grote Silvie , Shoepe Todd C.
Published: July 2014

The sympathetic nervous system dominates the regulation of body functions during exercise. Therefore after exercise, the sympathetic nervous system withdraws and the parasympathetic nervous system helps the body return to a resting state. In the examination of this relationship, the purpose of this study was to compare recovery heart rates (HR) of anaerobically versus aerobically trained cyclists. With all values given as means ± SD, anaerobically trained track cyclists (n=10, age=25.9 ± 6.0 yrs, body mass=82.7 ± 7.1 kg, body fat=10.0 ± 6.3%) and aerobically trained road cyclists (n=15, age=39.9 ± 8.5 yrs, body mass=75.3 ± 9.9 kg, body fat=13.1 ± 4.5%) underwent a maximal oxygen uptake test. Heart rate recovery was examined on a relative basis using heart rate reserve as well as the absolute difference between maximum HR and each of two recovery HRs. The post-exercise change in HR at minute one for the track cyclists and road cyclists respectively were 22 ± 8 bpm and 25 ± 12 bpm. At minute two, the mean drop for track cyclists was significantly (p<0.05) greater than the road cyclists (52 ± 15 bpm and 64 ± 11 bpm). Training mode showed statistically significant effects on the speed of heart rate recovery in trained cyclists. Greater variability in recovery heart rate at minute two versus minute one suggests that the heart rate should be monitored longer than one minute of recovery for a better analysis of post-exercise autonomic shift.
Biochemical characterisation of the tissue degrading enzyme, collagenase, in the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Ghamari Mahboob , Hosseininaveh Vahid , Darvishzadeh Ali , Talebi Khalil
Published: July 2014

Podisus maculiventris (Say) is a generalist predator attacking many insect species from different orders. The bug injects saliva into its prey's body. The ingested hemolymph and liquefied internal tissues pass through the bug's alimentary tract. Collagenase working on peptide bonds of collagen and basement membrane proteins, leads to the disintegration of the prey's internal organs. As yet, there is an almost complete lack of knowledge on the collagenase activity in P. maculiventris. The collagenase activity of the salivary glands and midgut was optimum at pH 8.0 which was congruent with the optimal pH of the total proteolytic activity of the salivary glands. More collagenolytic activity was determined in the posterior lobe of the salivary glands and anterior midgut. Significant inhibition of collagenolytic activity by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) revealed the enzyme is a metalloproteinase. The collagenase activity notably decreased when the bug went hungry. The salivary gland collagenase is a vital enzyme in extra-oral digestion and facilitates the action of other digestive enzymes. The midgut collagenase may be involved in the digestion of the ingested muscle fibers. The collagenase probably acts as an intoxicating agent in the saliva (venom) of P. maculiventris. Paralysing toxins are present in the salivary gland secretion.
Gemination Strategies in L1 and English Pronunciation of Polish Learners
Authors: Porzuczek Andrzej , Rojczyk Arkadiusz
Published: July 2014

Polish is a language where true geminates appear and the occurrence of a double consonant letter in spelling corresponds with double or at least prolonged consonant articulation regardless of the morphological structure of the word. The above principle also concerns most borrowings, such as the English word ‘hobby’, for instance. In English, true geminates do not occur and a morpheme-internal double consonant letter is only a fairly reliable indication of the way the preceding vowel should be pronounced. This discrepancy may lead to negative transfer in Polish learners of English. Our recent research of native Polish speech (Rojczyk and Porzuczek, in press) generally confirmed the results reported by Ladefoged and Maddieson (1996), among others, who found geminates to be 1.5-3 times longer than singletons. In our study we investigate the influence of double consonant letters on L1 and English pronunciation of Polish learners. They read trochaic family names containing intervocalic . Each name is preceded by a first name suggesting the nationality (Polish, English, German or Italian) of the person mentioned. By placing each tested item in a Polish and an English semantically and rhythmically equivalent sentences (This is .../To jest...), we measure the level of consonant length variation with respect to the language in which the potential geminates appear, the language context and the learning experience of the students. In this way we collect evidence and formulate observations concerning the learners’ awareness of the status of geminates in various languages and the probability of transfer in EFL learning.
Sentencing, Aboriginal Offenders: Law, Policy, and Practice in Three Countries
Authors: Jeffries Samantha , Stenning Philip
Published: July 2014

The statistical “over-representation” of Aboriginal people in the criminal justice systems (especially prisons) of Canada, Australia, and New Zealand is not disputed. Sentencing is often perceived as a point in the criminal justice system where, potentially, the problem of Aboriginal over-representation could be addressed. During the last 20 years there have been robust discussions in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand as to whether (and if so how) Aboriginality should be taken into account in sentencing. Reviewing and comparing the trajectories of these debates within the three countries during the last 20 years, in terms of legislative provisions, court decisions, and innovative sentencing practices, suggests that although the problem of over-incarceration is viewed similarly, sentencing responses have varied between nations, but have been equally unsuccessful in actually reducing rates of Aboriginal imprisonment.
Stage Freight: Labour and the Representability of Capitalism in Gerhart Hauptmann’sThe Weavers
Authors: Sniderman Alisa
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT:

This article discusses Gerhart Hauptmann’s The Weavers and the play’s representation – and management – of labour. A dark drama about starvation and labour exploitation, Hauptmann’s play paradoxically involves costly logistics and an excessively large cast. The text of The Weavers creates the challenge of its staging, and the arduous relationship between text and production is central to Hauptmann’s exploration of human labour. The Weavers dramatizes the exploitation of wage labour, the ideology of the work ethic, and the conflict between labour and capital. In doing so, Hauptmann’s labour drama grapples with what Fredric Jameson has called “the representability of capitalism.” Looking closely at the relationship between Hauptmann’s text and its staging, throughout its production history, this article argues that The Weavers explores the problem of representing labour in the theatre and reveals the signs of labour that capitalist culture seeks to conceal.
A Lymphedema Self-Management Programme: Report on 30 Cases
Authors: Tidhar Dorit , Hodgson Pamela , Shay Carol , Towers Anna
Published: July 2014

Purpose: Compression therapy is the most important element in the treatment and long-term management of moderate and severe lymphedema, but it is not universally accessible in Canada. For those unable to access private lymphedema treatment, physiotherapists at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) Lymphedema Clinic began teaching patients and caregivers how to use compression bandages safely and effectively. Methods: A retrospective chart review was combined with structured telephone or in-person interviews with 30 people who had attended a self-bandaging clinic in the MUHC Lymphedema Clinic between 2011 and 2012. Patients were monitored weekly until limb volume plateaued, and a compression garment was then fitted for ongoing maintenance. Monthly or quarterly surveillance continued for 1 year. Follow-up interviews were conducted 3 to 18 months after patients had received their garments. Results: The majority of participants had moderate to severe lymphedema; all achieved reduction of edema in the range of 48% to 92%. More than three-quarters of participants reported a global rate of change (GRC) of ≥80%. Themes derived from the interviews included the importance of bandaging, the feeling of being in control, and difficulties with compression garments. Participants spontaneously expressed satisfaction about having tools to manage their condition themselves. Conclusion: For selected patients with lymphedema, a self-bandaging programme can be a route to lymphedema reduction, independence, and self-efficacy.
Liberation of Adsorbed and Co-Precipitated Arsenic from Jarosite, Schwertmannite, Ferrihydrite, and Goethite in Seawater
Authors: Alarcón Rodrigo , Gaviria Jenny , Dold Bernhard
Published: July 2014

Sea level rise is able to change the geochemical conditions in coastal systems. In these environments, transport of contaminants can be controlled by the stability and adsorption capacity of iron oxides. The behavior of adsorbed and co-precipitated arsenic in jarosite, schwertmannite, ferrihydrite, and goethite in sea water (common secondary minerals in coastal tailings) was investigated. The aim of the investigation was to establish As retention and transport under a marine flood scenario, which may occur due to climate change. Natural and synthetic minerals with co-precipitated and adsorbed As were contacted with seawater for 25 days. During this period As, Fe, Cl, SO4, and pH levels were constantly measured. The larger retention capability of samples with co-precipitated As, in relation with adsorbed As samples, reflects the different kinetics between diffusion, dissolution, and surface exchange processes. Ferrihydrite and schwertmannite showed good results in retaining arsenic, although schwertmannite holding capacity was enhanced due its buffering capacity, which prevented reductive dissolution throughout the experiment. Arsenic desorption from goethite could be understood in terms of ion exchange between oxides and electrolytes, due to the charge difference generated by a low point-of-zero-charge and the change in stability of surface complexes between synthesis conditions and natural media.
Simple Fall Criteria for MEMS Sensors: Data Analysis and Sensor Concept
Authors: Ibrahim Alwathiqbellah , Younis Mohammad
Published: July 2014

This paper presents a new and simple fall detection concept based on detailed experimental data of human falling and the activities of daily living (ADLs). Establishing appropriate fall algorithms compatible with MEMS sensors requires detailed data on falls and ADLs that indicate clearly the variations of the kinematics at the possible sensor node location on the human body, such as hip, head, and chest. Currently, there is a lack of data on the exact direction and magnitude of each acceleration component associated with these node locations. This is crucial for MEMS structures, which have inertia elements very close to the substrate and are capacitively biased, and hence, are very sensitive to the direction of motion whether it is toward or away from the substrate. This work presents detailed data of the acceleration components on various locations on the human body during various kinds of falls and ADLs. A two-degree-of-freedom model is used to help interpret the experimental data. An algorithm for fall detection based on MEMS switches is then established. A new sensing concept based on the algorithm is proposed. The concept is based on employing several inertia sensors, which are triggered simultaneously, as electrical switches connected in series, upon receiving a true fall signal. In the case of everyday life activities, some or no switches will be triggered resulting in an open circuit configuration, thereby preventing false positive. Lumped-parameter model is presented for the device and preliminary simulation results are presented illustrating the new device concept.
ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND EXTERNAL TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION: AN EMPIRICAL TEST ON PERFORMANCE OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED NEW VENTURES
Authors: Cai Li , Liu Qing , Deng Shengliang , Cao Dan
Published: July 2014

This research investigates the effects of entrepreneurial orientation and external technology acquisition on the performance of technology-based new ventures in the context of a transitional economy. An analysis of the cross-sectional data from 123 Chinese technology-based new ventures was conducted. The results of the analysis support the contention that both the acquisition of external technology and entrepreneurial orientation improve new ventures’ performance. Additionally, the interaction of entrepreneurial orientation and external technology acquisition positively moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance of technology-based new ventures. Overall, this study contributes to our enhanced understanding of the complex relationship among entrepreneurial orientation, external technology acquisition and firm performance under transitional economic conditions. Firms from emerging economies, especially technologybased new ventures, may find the study findings useful in guiding their decision on external technology acquisition.