bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio discursivo de la inmigración en los debates españoles sobre el Estado de la Nación de 2003 y 2005
Authors: Férriz Núñez María , Ridao Rodrigo Susana
Published: October 2024

Los movimientos migratorios que han caracterizado la demografía española en los últimos años han generado un debate social que se manifiesta en diversos ámbitos de la vida pública, sin ir más lejos, en el discurso parlamentario. En el presente artículo, desde la perspectiva del ACD, se propone un estudio de dicho fenómeno tomando como corpus los debates españoles sobre el Estado de la Nación de 2003 y 2005, en los cuales los presidentes de España representaban diferentes grupos parlamentarios. Así, en primer lugar, se tiene en cuenta el número de veces que cada grupo utiliza determinados vocablos relacionados con el campo léxico extranjería e inmigración, y se establecen una serie de datos estadísticos. A su vez, en el apartado de discusión, realizamos comentarios sobre las estrategias lingüístico-discursivas utilizadas por los diputados para transmitir las argumentaciones sobre este tema. Entre las conclusiones a las que llega este estudio, destacamos que algunos diputados asocien en su discurso inmigración con problema.
Crónica crítica del debate sobre políticas migratorias en España 2008
Authors: Lario Bastida Manuel
Published: October 2024

Estudiaremos desde una perspectiva propia del ACD el debate y los discursos políticos sobre migraciones en España en 2008. Ha sido un debate dialógico con muchos actores, muy intenso por la confluencia de varios factores: las elecciones generales de marzo, las nuevas políticas restrictivas europeas diseñadas a partir del verano y los cambios de políticas migratorias impulsados por el gobierno socialista desde otoño. Además se ha visto estimulado por la emergente crisis económica mundial, que ha impulsado en un sentido aún más restrictivo los cambios de discurso y de políticas. Intentaremos demostrar que el crecimiento del peso del discurso discriminador no sólo ha sido fruto del discurso del partido conservador, sino que se ha estimulado por el discurso gubernamental socialista, signo de una nueva época en la que estas tendencias discriminadoras pueden ir aumentando.
El discurso mediático y sus consecuencias para la interculturalidad
Authors: Saura Sánchez José
Published: October 2024

El presente trabajo aplica la reflexión crítica del discurso sobre las noticias que generan los medios de comunicación al tratar sucesos en los que la diversidad cultural está presente. Concretamente, describiremos el papel que puede jugar la disciplina del Análisis Crítico del Discurso a través de su aplicación al marco específico de los medios de comunicación de masas, adoptando un enfoque que denominamos Análisis Crítico del Discurso Intercultural (Scheu y Saura, 2006). Aprovecharemos los fundamentos teóricos que ha desarrollado la disciplina para presentar un modelo de análisis específicamente elaborado para examinar el discurso mediático. Nuestro fin último es, en suma, fomentar el pensamiento reflexivo ante la construcción discursiva del otro para contribuir de este modo a la convivencia y el entendimiento intercultural.
Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis Due to Rupture of Underlying Anomalous Duplicated Cystic Arteries
Authors: Diaz Victoria , Trad George , Boo Sue
Published: October 2024

Hemorrhagic cholecystitis (HC) is a rare complication that can become rapidly fatal. Patients may present with hematemesis or melena, in addition to other common symptoms of acute cholecystitis. Delay in diagnosing HC postpones early intervention, and patients can quickly decompensate. We present a 33-year-old man with hematemesis and downtrending hemoglobin. Imaging revealed underlying anomalies of duplicate cystic arteries that ruptured, an occurrence never reported in the literature before. Bilateral cystic arteries were embolized successfully. This case demonstrates the importance of early consideration of HC as a differential. Recognition and timely diagnosis prompt urgent intervention, which can reduce morbidity.
Challenges in Managing Cytomegalovirus Colitis in a Complex Case of Ulcerative Colitis With Hyposplenism and Ustekinumab Therapy
Authors: Hung Natalie G , Malik Sameer , Cachia Charlotte , Ly Theresa , Leong Rupert
Published: October 2024

Colitis secondary to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a recognized complication in patients with ulcerative colitis. This case report details a patient with a background of ulcerative colitis with resultant hyposplenism on ustekinumab therapy who presented with CMV colitis. The presence of hyposplenism with the use of ustekinumab resulted in challenges when treating the CMV infection due to the absence of immune response and required individual tailoring of therapy with higher doses of ganciclovir and valganciclovir according to trough level measurement.
The Politics of Archaeological Labour: Pandemic reflections on knowledge production, epistemic injustice, and the material turn in archaeology
Authors: Wong Eponine , Palá Gutiérrez Juan
Published: October 2024

The biggest impact of Covid-19 on undergraduate archaeology students was arguably the lack of opportunities to undertake physical fieldwork. Despite the provision of digital alternatives, the pandemic necessarily resulted in the postponement of a crucial part of archaeological education for many students. As then-undergraduate students, whose first year was abruptly cut short by the first nationwide lockdown in the UK, with in-person instruction only resuming in the summer before our final year, the focus on theoretical training with the switch to online learning meant that when restrictions eased and excavations resumed, we were especially cognizant of the divide between the theoretical aspects of the discipline and the epistemic infrastructure deployed in the field – as well as the set of power relations in which fieldwork is embedded.
This article is premised upon Edgeworth’s (2003) argument that the fundamental ritual of archaeological knowledge-making consists of practical transactions between practitioners and material phenomena, which take place during the process of excavation. It is argued that, on research excavations, these material transactions are most often the domain of students and local labourers, who frequently possess privileged insight into the artefacts recovered, the excavation procedures, and the material environment which they form part of. Simultaneously, however, these are also the people who are the most disempowered within archaeology, defined here as both intellectual discourse and social institution. In this article, we trace the theoretical and disciplinary frameworks upholding this particular division of labour – manual versus intellectual – and its epistemological and political consequences. We contend that, if archaeology is to survive its own moral and political fissures, we must not only advance towards a more distributed, heterarchical form of knowledge-making that transcends traditional disciplinary divides between theory and practice, but also towards a kind of action that goes beyond self-centred theorising, to challenge the political economy of archaeology.
Reinterpretando o fenômeno de desenvolvimento linguístico a partir de um diálogo entre a Teoria Sistêmico-Funcional e a Síntese Estendida da Evolução
Authors: Freitas Gabriel Gomes Botelho
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho, de natureza teórica, busca revisitar a Epistemologia Genética de Jean Piaget (Chiarottino, 2017) e Lev Vygotsky (Hasan, 2016) para uma explicação da dinâmica bio-sociogenética do desenvolvimento linguístico (i.e., aquisição da linguagem) à luz dos desenvolvimentos teóricos da Síntese Estendida da Evolução (Pigliucci; Muller, 2010) em metadiálogo (Hasan, 2009) com a Teoria Sistêmico-Funcional (Halliday, 1978, 2002, 2003, 2007; Hasan, 2002, 2004; Painter, 2004; Williams; Lukin, 2004). As obras de Piaget e Vygotsky, relidas sob a ótica da literatura contemporânea, apresentam notável consonância com a biologia evolutiva e a sociossemiótica de natureza sistêmico-funcional. Apresenta-se um modelo centrado na Teoria da Construção de Nicho, caracterizando os seres humanos como construtores de nichos semióticos que se desenvolvem a partir de heranças ecossemióticas (Laland; Odling-Smee; Feldman, 2000). Conclui-se que, no caso humano, desenvolvimento linguístico e desenvolvimento biológico são fenômenos cuja separação só é possível em certos níveis de abstração teórica, porém inseparáveis na prática analítica das suas dinâmicas.
Movimento lógico-histórico do conceito de poliedro: o processo de elaboração e desenvolvimento de uma sequência didática nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Lima Wilson Francisco da Rocha
Published: October 2024

Este artigo aborda o processo de ensino do conceito de poliedro nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Nos materiais disponíveis para o ensino, o conceito aparece em situações que se encerram dentro da própria Geometria e que podem ser resolvidas de forma mecânica. Nesse contexto, utilizamos como metodologia a Engenharia Didática para elaborar e analisar o processo de criação e desenvolvimento de uma sequência didática que considera a evolução histórica do conceito, por meio de seu movimento lógico-histórico, assim como os processos cognitivos envolvidos na aprendizagem de conceitos geométricos. O objetivo é oferecer um ensino de Matemática que promova ampla compreensão desta ciência. O movimento lógico-histórico do conceito de poliedro auxiliou no entendimento da Matemática como ciência desenvolvida por seres humanos e em constante transformação. A utilização de materiais concretos permitiu a manipulação e visualização de objetos tridimensionais e facilitou a assimilação do conceito. A organização proposta pela metodologia adotada foi eficaz na busca pelos objetivos estipulados, mas ao segmentar as fases de planejamento e experimentação das atividades, esta abordagem deixa pouco espaço para a imprevisibilidade.
Movimento lógico-histórico e a proposta formativa do Clube de Matemática: um olhar a partir da organização do ensino do conceito de número
Authors: Alves Lukas Adriel Francisco , Silva Maria Marta da
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal investigar como uma situação desencadeadora de aprendizagem acerca do conceito de número contribuiu para o entendimento do movimento lógico-histórico, como proposta para a organização do ensino de conceitos matemáticos. O Clube de Matemática da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Sede Quirinópolis, foi o espaço formativo que abrigou as ações da pesquisa. Nesse contexto, durante o período de 2017 a 2023, aproximadamente trinta professores de Matemática em formação participaram de um experimento formativo que buscou respostas a seguinte questão problematizadora: Quais são as contribuições formativas que a organização do ensino de conceitos matemáticos ofertada pelo Clube de Matemática, a partir do movimento lógico-histórico, pode trazer a professores de Matemática em formação inicial? Os resultados dão indícios de que os sujeitos compreenderam os conceitos matemáticos como produções humanas que materializam respostas às necessidades postas na realidade objetiva. Também indicam a necessidade de professores e de alunos terem a oportunidade de aprender os conceitos matemáticos a partir de um modelo geral de ações que privilegie o movimento lógico-histórico.
Invisalign para tratamento de mordida aberta anterior
Authors: Eduardo Prado de Souza José , Stefhanie de Almeida Thalita , Moreira Procópio Danielle , Maria Salvatore de Freitas Karina
Published: October 2024

﻿INTRODUÇÃO: A vantagem do uso dos alinhadores na correção da mordida aberta anterior (MAA) é a maior facilidade de intrusão dos dentes posteriores, devido ao plástico que envolve os dentes. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho relata o caso clínico de uma paciente adulta com MAA tratada exclusivamente com alinhadores Invisalign®. CASO CLÍNICO: O fechamento da mordida com alinhadores foi realizado pela combinação da intrusão dos dentes posteriores e extrusão dos dentes anteriores, além de uma rotação mandibular no sentido anti-horário. Foram utilizados dois sets de alinhadores, e...
Tratamento de mordida cruzada posterior em adulto com comprometimento periodontal usando uma técnica simples e sem cirurgia
Authors: Lourenço Romano Fábio
Published: October 2024

﻿OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso clínico de paciente adulto com mordida cruzada posterior (MCP) bilateral, mordida cruzada anterior (MCA), apinhamento anteroinferior, hipoplasia esquelética transversal da maxila, além de problemas periodontais e recessão gengival. CASO CLÍNICO: O tratamento foi conduzido com acompanhamento periodontal, e a abordagem ortodôntica foi realizada de forma convencional, consistindo de expansão da arcada dentária superior com elásticos cruzados e arcos expandidos. A MCA foi corrigida com torque e coordenação de arcos; e o...
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN HEDGING DENGAN INSTRUMEN DERIVATIF VALUTA ASING DAN VARIABEL-VARIABEL VALUE DRIVERS TERHADAP NILAI KEKAYAAN PEMEGANG SAHAM (Studi Empiris Terhadap Perusahaan Nonfinansial yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta tahun 2000-2003)
Authors: Paranita Ekayana Sangkasari
Published: October 2024

The fluctuation of foreign currency exchange has given a negative influence towards cash flow and firm's value, and it also threats the related-company survive. In the other hand, the company obligates to maximize the shareholder's value. Therefore, to anticipate the negative influence of foreign exchange fluctuation and also to prevent it for the shareholder's importance, thus partly firms have done a hedging policy with foreign exchange derivative instrument. This research has been done to achieve the implication of good managerial both for the investors or the management.This research aims to analyze the influence of hedging policy and foreign exchangederivative instrument towards the shareholder's value with value-drivers control variables. The shareholders value uses Market-to-Book Value of Equity ratio (MBE) indicator. The hedging policy is reflected dummy variable. Whereas the variable control that is used is Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Net Fixed Asset to Total Asset (NFA TA), Current Ration (CR), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). The type of data that is used is secondary data that gained from !GMO 2003 - 2004 and JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE web site. The research population is the whole non-financed companies in JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE. The purposive sampling with full sample method gains 104 emitters as the sample during the period of 2000 - 2003. This research uses regression analysis with Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) model. The hypothesis test uses t test and F test with 5 % significant level. This research result shows that the hedging policy with foreign exchange derivative instrument in JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE does not influence the shareholders value. This is caused by the characteristic of JAKARTA STOCK EXCHANGE that have emerging market characteristic, whereas the United States' stock exchange has developed market characteristic. Then the whole of control variables both partiallyor simultanly contributes a significant influence towards the increasing of shareholders value.
ANALISIS PENGARUH CAR, NIM, BOPO, LDR, GWM TERHADAP PERUBAHAN LABA (Studi Pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah Di Indonesia Periode 2005-2007)
Authors: Setyarini Adhista
Published: October 2024

This research is performed on order to test the influence of the variable Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Biaya Operasional/Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), dan Giro Wajib Minimum (GWM) toward Earning Changes.Methodology research as the sample used purposive sampling, sample was accured 26Bank Pembangunan Daerah in Indonesia. Data analysis with multi liniear regression of ordinary least square and hypotheses test used t-statistic and F-statistic at level of significance 5%, a clasic assumption examination which consist of data normality test, multicolinearity test, hetersoskedasticity test and autocorrelation test is also being done to test the hypotheses.During research period show as variabel and data research was normal distributed. Based on test, multicolinearity test, hetersoskedasticity test and autocorrelation test classic assumption deviation has no founded, this indicate that the available data has fulfill the condition to use multi linear regression model. This result of research show that variable BOPO and GWM did not influence Earning Changes. Variable CAR, NIM, and LDR positive significant influence  toward Earning Changes. Prediction capability from these five variable toward Earning Changes  is 20,6% where the balance 79,4% is affected to other factor which was not to be entered to research model.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRUKTUR MODAL (Studi Perbandingan Pada Manufacture Multinational Company dan Manufacture Domestic Corporation di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Soukotta Agnes , Chabachib M.
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis  apakah terdapat pengaruh dari firm size (SIZE), Sales Growth  (GROWTH), Return  on Asset  (ROA), Likuidity (LIQ), Asset  Structure  (AS) terhadap  struktur modal (DER). Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah proposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 14 dari 43 untuk perusahaan MNC dan 44 dari 101 untuk perusahaan DC. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda dan uji hipotesis menggunakan  t-statistik untuk menguji koefisien regresi parsial dan F-statistik untuk menguji pengaruh secara bersama-sama atau keseluruhan dari koefisien regresi dengan level of significance 5% serta chow-test untuk menguji perbedaan pengaruh dari koefisien regresi antara perusahaan multinasional dan perusahaan domestik. Dari hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa data Size berpengaruh negatif signifikan, Sales Growth berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan, ROA, LIQ dan AS berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap DER pada perusahaan MNC. Sedangkan untuk perusahaan DC Size dan Sales Growth berpengaruh positf dan signifikan, ROA, LIQ dan AS berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap DER. Hasil pengujian menghasilkan nilai chow test F sebesar 17,016. Nilai F-tabel diperoleh sebesar 2,267. Dengan demikian diperoleh nilai chow test (17,016)>(2,267). Hal ini berarti terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan dari pengaruh 5 variabel bebas tersebut terhadap DER pada perusahaan MNC dan DC.
PENGARUH KUALITAS HUBUNGAN DAN KEMAMPUAN ADAPTASI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEUNGGULAN BERSAING DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA KINERJA
Authors: Winata Felix Andhy , J.Sugiyanto Miyasato
Published: October 2024

The business world is now facing more challenges: limited resources, increasing competition and rapidly changing environment. Demands in the distribution company also added by increasing the amount of principal that shorten the distribution channel. PT. Aga is the official distributor of paint products from PT. A for the Central Java. PT. Aga’s performance who continued to decline during the past two years after the change of management becomes a problem.The aim of this study was to examine the factors that should be improved by PT. Aga to improve itsdistribution performance. This study uses the relationship view as a background theory. Relationship Quality between PT. Aga with its customers, and PT. Aga’s Adaptation Capabilities are factors that will be examined related to competitive advantage and performance.The sample was 200 customers of PT. Aga. 124 questionnaires were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The analysis shows that the Adaptation Capabilities to the Environment and Relationship Qualityto its customers, have a significant positive influence on performance, either directly or indirectly.PT. Aga should have paid more attention to the Adaptation Abilities, by increasing the communication speed when a change in principal’s policy, and improve the ability to cope with non-routine products / new products, in order to increase their competitive advantage, which ultimately increases its performance.
The Role of Management Accounting : It's Implementation In The Public Sector
Authors: Sabeni Arifin
Published: October 2024

Many  definitions of management accounting  exist,  and  although  these  lack of complete  agreement,   it is possible   to say  that  management  accounting  plays important  roles  in an organization.  Particularly,   it plays in the managerial tasks of planning,   controlling,   and  decision­making. All organizations  need to  make  decisions and need to plan and control their activities, and all organizations,  whether they be in the private or the public sector,  ought to be able to benefit from  the use  of such management accounting techniques.   However,   the management accounting literature and the development of the techniques of management accounting  are almost exclusively concerned with a private sector environment. Little  discussions  are placed on  the public sector  environment.  For this reason,  the purpose of this paper  is to discuss  the role and  operation  of management  accounting in  the  public sector.  In so  doing,   this paper;   firstly,   discusses  the role of management accounting  in  an  organization,   then,   the role and operation of management accounting in the public sector. After that,  in order to give a comparison between theory  and practice,  this paper describes the actual practice of the role and operation of management  accounting  in the New  South   Wales   Department  of  Education as an illustration.   Furthermore,  such evaluation of management  accounting practices  in  the public  sector  are dis­ cussed;   andfinally;  summary and conclusion.
Uwagi polemiczne o aspekcie teoretycznym kontratypu obrony koniecznej
Authors: Mróz Jakub
Published: October 2024

Niniejsza polemika jest głosem w dyskusji nad aspektem formalnym kontratypu obrony koniecznej oraz lokowania sytuacji kontratypowej w prawnokarnych strukturach normatywnych. Autor, posługując się metodą dogmatycznoprawną ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem derywacyjnej koncepcji wykładni prawa jako koncepcji zintegrowanej, przedstawia punkt widzenia, który w przepisach o kontratypie obrony koniecznej upatruje modyfikatora zakresu zastosowania normy sankcjonującej. Takie ujęcie problematyki normatywnego lokowania sytuacji kontratypowej prowadzi autora do wniosku, że stanowi on danie wyrazu przez normodawcę koncepcji dozwolenia mocnego, będącego operatorem w logice deontycznej. W niniejszym opracowaniu odrzuca się tezę, jakoby przepis o kontratypie obrony koniecznej stanowił modyfikator zakresu zastosowania normy sankcjonowanej i ograniczał zasięg zakazu normy. Oznacza to, że zachowanie podjęte w warunkach kontratypowych wypełnia znamiona czynu zabronionego pod groźbą kary, a oznacza to, że jest zachowaniem zdatnym do przekroczenia prawnokarnej normy sankcjonowanej. Wystąpienie rzeczonej sytuacji uniemożliwia zaktualizowanie się normy sankcjonującej. Odmienne ujęcie prowadzi do sytuacji redundancji treści normatywnej w tekście prawnym, a także niezgodne jest z zakazem wykładni synonimicznej.
Precarious privilege: identity (re)construction among international students returning to South Korea
Authors: Choi Lee Jin , Park Mi Yung
Published: October 2024

This study explores identity (re)construction of three South Korean early-study abroad (ESA) university students who returned to their homeland after studying in the US and acquiring a high level of proficiency in English. Inasmuch as educational migration is frequently viewed as an effective strategy for securing pathways to socioeconomic mobility, less is known about the specific conditions and practices that influence ESA students’ identity and socialization in a university setting, especially upon their return to their homeland. This study contributes to the discussion of ESA by demonstrating how they (re)constructed their transnational identities in their reintegration process and the role of their bilingual competence in this process. The findings of this study demonstrate the complex identity negotiation of elite transnational students in Korea, where Korean is both the national language and the dominant language, and where multiple ideologies on language and educational mobility exist. The findings also show the precarities experienced by elite bilingual returnees, illustrating how educational mobility and precarity are mutually constitutive in significant ways.
“Alone You Are Nothing. Together We Will Build a Better World”
Authors: Campos Fernanda
Published: October 2024

In this article I intend to share my memories, personally and professionally, as a member of the group involved with the Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL) in the early years after 1989. My personal memories evoke my career and the fraternity and friendship inspired by CERL. Professionally, I try to show the most decisive aspects of my participation on behalf of the National Library of Portugal in an initiative that by encouraging co-operation among European research libraries made it possible to bring together and enable access to early European printed culture.
Clinical performance of a new lateral flow immunoassay for xylazine detection
Authors: Contella Lindsey , Snyder Marion L. , Kang Phillip , Tolan Nicole V. , Melanson Stacy E.F.
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Xylazine is a potent sedative used in veterinary medicine. Recently, recreational drugs such as fentanyl have been found to contain xylazine, increasing the risk of respiratory depression and death. Despite a similar presentation to opioid overdose, patients who ingest xylazine do not respond to treatment with Narcan. Therefore, rapid detection of xylazine could improve patient management and prevent adverse outcomes.

Methods

We evaluated the XYL500 one-step xylazine drug of abuse test for its ability to detect xylazine in 152 urine samples from patients on chronic opioid therapy for pain management or in treatment for substance use disorder. Results were compared to LC-MS/MS as the reference method. Precision, cross-reactivity, interference and stability studies were performed.

Results

Pooled patient samples were consistently negative or positive when tested five times on the same day and over three days of testing. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the XYL500 assay were 74, 98, and 82 % respectively, as compared with LC-MS/MS. XYL500 detected 77 of the 104 LC-MS/MS positive samples identified in our initial evaluation, including some that contained low levels of xylazine (n=8), <10 ng/mL. Minimal cross-reactivity with other opioid analgesics and commonly encountered drugs was seen with only one false positive result. Interferences by common urine contaminants were negligible. Specimens were stable up to 160 days refrigerated and up to 80 days at room temperature.

Conclusions

XYL500 allows for rapid detection of xylazine, illustrating its utility in monitoring patients who ingested recreational drugs containing the additive, xylazine, and its potential to improve patient management.
Reference, calibration and referral laboratories – a look at current European provisions and beyond
Authors: Buchta Christoph , Benka Bernhard , Delatour Vincent , Faé Ingrid , Griesmacher Andrea , Hellbert Karina , Huggett Jim , Kaiser Patricia , Kammel Martin , Kessler Anja , Kessler Harald H. , Müller David , Rosendahl Jennifer , Scheiblauer Heinrich , Schweiger Christian R. , Zeichhardt Heinz , Cobbaert Christa M.
Published: October 2024

European Union (EU) regulations on in vitro diagnostics (IVD) and on serious cross-border threats to health provide for the establishment of European Reference Laboratories (EURLs) and their harmonization and cooperation with National Reference Laboratories (NRLs). While the EURLs under the IVD Regulation will be operational by 1 October 2024, the EURLs under the Regulation on serious cross-border threats to health will be operational by January 2025. Although NRLs may have been operating for a long time on the basis of national legislation, they should now cooperate with each other and with EURLs in a network of centers of excellence for the authorization and post-market surveillance of IVDs and for the epidemiological surveillance and control of communicable diseases. The term “reference laboratory” has long been used colloquially to refer to many kinds of laboratories, regardless of their tasks, competencies, responsibilities and designation. A literature search and analysis confirmed this by showing that a considerable proportion of scientific publications in 2024 use the term “reference laboratory” inappropriately. In order to clarify the roles and functioning of EURLs and NRLs, we have evaluated the relevant current EU provisions and compared the findings with those of reference laboratories designated by other organizations, calibration (reference) laboratories and referral laboratories, which are simply referred to as “reference laboratories”. With the forthcoming implementation of the EU regulations, at least the goals of providing safe and high-quality IVDs and adequate public health surveillance for communicable diseases appear to be achievable.
An investigation on NGR failure in Indian smart cities while replacing the existing overhead lines by underground cables
Authors: Mondal Asit Kumar , Santra Tapan , Roy Debabrata , Yamada Satoshi
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, Indian power distribution companies (PDCs) are implementing smart distribution networks. Older cities are becoming smarter as per the recent government’s policy. Existing overhead distribution lines are being replaced by underground cables as an essential criterion of a smart city. One of the main problems arising in this process is the overheating of the neutral grounding resistor (NGR) in 11 kV distribution systems, even in normal conditions. NGRs, placed inside the substations, are overloading the air conditioning and exhaust systems of the substation. Sometimes failure of the NGR occurs due to overheating. In this paper, a comprehensive investigation has been carried out to reach the roots of this problem. It is observed that long underground cables have a higher ground capacitance than overhead distribution lines. Due to the higher cable capacitance, the third harmonic current circulates through neutral, which overheats the NGR even in normal conditions. The situation becomes worse when the substation runs on diesel generators (DGs) in an isolated state under main grid failure, as a higher amount of third-harmonic current circulates depending on the type of winding and pitch factor of the DGs. Different solutions are proposed, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Finally, the rating of the NGR is modified, and louvers-cooling fan arrangement is preferred for the running substation.
Children learning Mongolian as an additional language through the implementation of a task-based approach
Authors: Oliver Rhonda , Bogachenko Tetiana , Dovchin Sender
Published: October 2024

This study was undertaken at a Mongolian community language school which aims to support Mongolian heritage children to learn their home language and culture. The learners were aged 4–15 years with diverse abilities in the Mongolian language. Informed by both purpose-developed Needs and Interest Analyses, a task-based language teaching (TBLT) program was developed and implemented over a six-month period. To evaluate the usefulness of this, two methods were utilised. Firstly, learners’ task-based interactions were recorded regularly, transcribed and qualitatively analysed. Secondly, stakeholder feedback was elicited via interviews. The findings showed that the learners interacted in ways facilitative of second language acquisition (i.e., they received abundant input, used a variety of interactive strategies, provided peer scaffolding, and modified their output according to the feedback). They also engaged in translanguaging to support their understanding and meaning making. Stakeholder feedback pointed to some challenges, but also many positive outcomes.
How time influences episiotomy utilization and obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)
Authors: Shalabna Eiman , Nassar Soaad , Zilberlicht Ariel , Feiner Benjamin , Sagi-Dain Lena
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) pose significant challenges for young women following childbirth. The association between mediolateral episiotomy and OASIS remains a subject of debate and uncertainty. This study seeks to fill this gap.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was performed using electronic database of obstetrics department at a tertiary medical center. All vaginal deliveries and vacuum-assisted deliveries at term, with a singleton live fetus at cephalic presentation between 2015 and 2021, were included. A comparison of the rates of mediolateral episiotomy and OASIS was conducted between the periods 2015–2017 and 2018–2021. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on parity and the mode of delivery.

Results

Overall, the study included 18,202 women. Between 2015 and 2017, episiotomy was performed in 1,272 cases (17.5 %), compared to 1,241 cases (11.4 %) between 2018 and 2021 (p<0.0001). Conversely, a significant increase in OASIS was observed, rising from 0.3 % during 2015–2017 to 0.6 % during 2018–2021 (p=0.012). Multivariable analysis unveiled two factors significantly linked to OASIS: the temporal cohort studied, indicating an increasing trend in recent years, and the utilization of epidural analgesia, which exhibited a protective effect, while episiotomy was not associated with OASIS.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate a marked decline in the utilization of episiotomy over the study period, accompanied by an increase in OASIS incidence. Nevertheless, our analysis found no statistically significant link between episiotomy use and OASIS incidence.
Action nouns in Vedic support-verb constructions with kṛ
Authors: Ittzés Máté
Published: October 2024

Action nouns can be formed from verbal roots in Vedic Old Indo-Aryan following various derivational patterns. The question is whether, and to what extent, such nouns, if derived from the same underlying root, can be considered equivalent or synonymous. It has been argued by several scholars that deverbal *-ti-stem and *-tu-stem action nouns were functionally-semantically different in Proto-Indo-European and ancient Indo-European languages such as Greek, Latin and the Indo-Iranian languages basically preserved this distinction. In this context, Benveniste pointed out that support-verb constructions in Ancient Greek, as a rule, involved -σι-stems (< *-ti-) as nominal hosts and not -τυ-stems (< *-tu-). The present paper shows that the same distribution of the two types of action nouns can be observed in the support-verb constructions of Early Vedic as well, a fact that nicely corroborates the assumption of their fundamental functional-semantic difference. It may be expected that further research will be able to reveal similar distinctions between other types of action nouns on the basis of analogous distributional patterns.
Age and gender differences in meme humor: a multimodal variationist mixed-method approach
Authors: Du Bois Inke
Published: October 2024

Digital humor expressed through memes plays a vital role in facilitating social interaction in online environments. This paper reports on age and gender-related differences in multimodal digital meme humor from users aged 14 to 93. Its aim is to investigate how visual and textual elements, psychological humor types and digital humor types vary among smartphone users of different age and gender groups. The multimodal corpus was compiled from memes that were shared by 250 BA English and senior citizen students at a German university and their relatives and friends. The memes were annotated with the Covid-19 topic (e.g. lockdown, mask requirement, vaccination) and the sources of visual origin (e.g. cartoon characters, animals, politicians). Also, a previously non-multimodal psychological humor framework (Martin, Rod A., Patricia Puhlik-Doris, Gwen Larsen, Jeanette Gray & Kelly Weir. 2003. Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality 37(1) 48–75) was applied to the memes. To determine the linguistic multimodal digital humor types, Vásquez, C. 2019. Language, creativity and humour online. London). Terminology was employed for annotation. The statistical analysis reveals only slight gender differences concerning all variables. Significant differences were found concerning both multimodal humor frameworks, language usage, canvas and humor themes across all age groups. The interconnectedness of the codes is captured in a qualitative analysis of select memes to underscore the semiotic dynamics of multimodal humor.
Abweichendes Verhalten und Kriminalisierung im Kontext der Klimabewegung. Ein systematischer Literaturüberblick
Authors: Struck Jens , Kemme Stefanie
Published: October 2024

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein systematischer Literaturüberblick über die Thematisierung von abweichendem Verhalten bzw. intentionalen Normbrüchen (vor allem zivilem Ungehorsam) durch Klimabewegungen respektive von spezifischen Aktivistinnen und Aktivisten und deren Gruppen im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs gegeben. Jenseits spezifischer Aktionsformen (darunter auch Beiträge, in denen ein Bedarf an Aktionen festgestellt wird oder in denen entsprechend argumentiert wird) werden ferner auch die gesellschaftlichen und/oder sicherheitsbehördlichen Reaktionen darauf fokussiert. Insgesamt wurden 144 deutsch- und englischsprachige (empirische sowie nicht-empirische) Publikationen zwischen 2003 und 2023 in den systematischen Literaturüberblick einbezogen. Es ließen sich drei Kernthemen identifizieren (Strategien von Bewegungen und Motivationen von Aktivistinnen und Aktivisten sowie deren Entwicklung und gesellschaftliche Wahrnehmung; rechtswissenschaftliche, kriminologische und kriminalpolitische Auseinandersetzungen; Diskussionen zur Legitimität von Protestformen, Kritik an Politik und Medien sowie die Formulierung eines Bedarfs an Aktionen), deren Ergebnisse dargestellt und diskutiert werden.
Preparation and dynamic simulation of a hemin reversible associated copolymer with self-healing properties
Authors: Lu Huijia , Ma Zhimin , Zhang Xiaozhen , Zhou Jianxue , Lv Hui , Tian Ye , Wang Xiaorong , Pan Bin
Published: October 2024

A reversible associated copolymer capable of healing at room temperature was constructed using acrylic acid (AA) and hemin as anionic monomers, and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) as the cationic monomer. Through optimization of the synthesis conditions, characterization by 1HNMR, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and construction of reasonable models for dynamic simulation, the following conclusions were obtained: The introduction of Hemin could convert light energy into heat energy, accelerating the healing of damaged areas; the predicted glass transition temperature value matched well with the experimental value, demonstrating the reliability of the constructed polymer model; the cohesive energy density (CED), dominated by electrostatic interactions, was identified as the key factor in the self-healing mechanism; the study also visually captured the microscopic process of self-healing within the polymer, providing a detailed understanding of the molecular rearrangements that facilitate this process. This work offers valuable insights into the design of reversible associated polymers, contributing to the broader goal of developing functional polymer materials aligned with circular economy principles.
Neutron capture cross section measurement for the 139La(n,γ)140La reaction at 0.0372 eV
Authors: Belouadah Naima , Osmani Nadjet , Boukeffoussa Khelifa , Kadem Fatiha , Yettou Leila , Belgaid Mohamed , Taibouni Nabila , Trari Mohamed
Published: October 2024

The thermal neutron capture cross section of the 139La(n,γ)140La nuclear reaction at 0.0372 eV energy was measured by the Neutron Diffraction Facility (NDF) in the Es-Salam Nuclear Research Reactor (Algeria). The 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction was adopted as reference for the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA). The induced activities in sample and control foils were measured non-destructively by a high-resolution HPGe γ-ray detector. The capture cross section of σ(∼7.5 ± 0.37) b was measured for the first time at this energy after correction for the γ attenuation effect. Our measured value at an energy of 0.0372 eV energy was compared with the evaluated cross sections reported in two different neutron databases, namely ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JENDL-5. The data measured at this energy was extrapolated to the energy 0.0253 eV, assuming 1/ν dependence in the thermal energy region, and the result was compared with the fully measured and evaluated values reported in the literature.
Development and prospect of the acetylene production chain based on the process systems engineering: a focus on the polyvinyl chloride production
Authors: Ma Xiangcheng , Wei Huilong , Luo Zhenghong
Published: October 2024

With the shortage of international oil resources and rising oil prices, the acetylene chemical industry has been revitalized. As an important basic raw material in the petrochemical industry, it can produce many chemical products and extend the acetylene production chain. Firstly, the production, conversion, and utilization of acetylene are outlined. Subsequently, this paper focuses on reviewing the core production process routes and the corresponding research progress in the acetylene production chain and points out the development trends of the domestic acetylene downstream conversion. Then, considering that acetylene is produced by calcium carbide technology in Ningdong and the extended downstream polyvinyl chloride industry chain is a large energy consumer and the focus of environmental safety monitoring, the entire process from coal-based calcium carbide acetylene production to polyvinyl chloride synthesis is elaborated from the perspective of process systems engineering. The resource utilization status and bottlenecks in the process are declared, and the direction of process improvement and optimization is proposed. Finally, the entire acetylene production chain is briefly analyzed and reviewed.
Assessing Socialist Past and Sociodemographic Present
Authors: Pleines Heiko , Cordes Charlotta , Felde Mareike zum , Paustyan Ekaterina , Rochlitz Michael , Somfalvy Esther
Published: October 2024

Since the mid-2000s, there has been no study of characteristics of political elites at large in East Central European countries. Accordingly, an assessment of long-term trends is not possible beyond narrow case studies of elite sub-segments. This research note introduces a new dataset covering officeholders for 3,277 position/years in six countries (the Czech Republic, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Russia, and Ukraine) for seven reference years from 1990 to 2020. It points to results about broad development trends of political elites concerning sociodemographic characteristics and elite continuity. These include a high degree of sociodemographic homogeneity of elites across countries and time. Concerning the role of the old elites of the socialist regimes, there are considerable differences between the countries, caused among others by different approaches to lustration.
Flood Risk Management in Development Projects: A Review of Malaysian Perspective within the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
Authors: Saad Mohammad Syamsyul Hairi , Ali Mohamad Idris , Razi Putri Zulaiha , Ramli Noram Irwan
Published: October 2024

This study rigorously assesses Malaysia's development projects' alignment with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 to identify synergies that can be improved, with a focus on flood risk management challenges and opportunities. The primary goal is to establish a flexible framework that integrates national and grassroots initiatives to advance economic, social, and environmental responsibility in conjunction with development objectives. As Malaysia undergoes rapid development, it is increasingly exposed to flood risks, exacerbated by climate change and urbanization. The Sendai Framework provides guidelines to mitigate these escalating threats. Nonetheless, there is a discernible gap in the existing literature that neither adequately evaluates the development patterns amplifying flood risks nor scrutinizes Malaysia's conformity with the Sendai Framework's objectives. Utilizing a systematic and scoping literature review in conjunction with a qualitative approach. The findings underscore that despite notable progress in Malaysia's flood risk management, significant deficiencies persist in policy execution, financial allocation, and public cognizance. This research refined the flood risk management conceptual framework to adapt to changing environmental contexts. Crucially, the proactive involvement of the federal government, local authorities from various Malaysian states, and the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia is indispensable in flood risk mitigation. While frameworks like the National Physical Plan 4 (NPP4) have improved, local planning must adapt them to local needs. Every development project should mandatorily embed a comprehensive flood risk assessment, ensuring alignment with national guidelines. This increases compliance and construction sector interest, elevating flood disaster risk reduction. This enables a future where innovation, professionalism, and knowledge improve life quality while prioritizing safety and sustainability.
AN ASSESSMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE PORT INDUSTRY
Authors: Tan Huynh Nguyen
Published: October 2024

This research explores the multifaceted sustainability challenges and opportunities within the port sector. It employed Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) to evaluate and prioritise sustainability criteria that are critical to the port industry. Recognising the sector's significant economic contribution, the research emphasises the need for a balanced approach that integrates economic growth, environmental stewardship, and social responsibility. The findings provide a valuable framework for policymakers, port authorities, and industry stakeholders to implement sustainable practices that balance economic, environmental, and social objectives. The application of MCDM in this context demonstrates its effectiveness in addressing the complex sustainability challenges faced by the port industry.
The Impact of Autonomous Tasks on Grammar Achievement among EFL Learners
Authors: Asgari Leila , Mal Amiri Behdokht
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to see the effect of autonomous tasks on EFL learner’s grammar achievement. Sixty undergraduate students of English Translation at Azad University of Hamadan were chosen through the PET test, and two matched groups, one as the experimental group and the other as the control group, were formed. These learners were tested through a pre-test to check their accuracy level regarding the conditional sentences. Then, the experimental group was given some tasks about the structures, while the control group did not have any treatment. They had their routine exercises in the advanced writing course, in which the teacher gave them a topic to write a paragraph on, and then every grammatical point in that text was explained explicitly by the teacher. After three treatment sessions in the experimental group, the two groups (control and experimental) were tested through a post-test. The learners’ scores demonstrated that the experimental group outperformed the control group regarding grammar achievement. The analysis of the data was done through a t-test. It was concluded that autonomous tasks have significantly impacted EFL learners’ grammar achievement.