bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practice of Standard Safety Measures among Nursing Personnel at Tertiary Mental Health Institute, North-East, India
Authors: Langlen Devi Thangjam , Baruah Arunjyoti
Published: June 2021

Background: Health care-associated infection (HAI) is a serious problem that deeply impacts patient safety and is a major cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Adherence to standard safety measures while performing procedures and related infection control measures is a part of nurses responsibility as it protects patients and health care workers from transmission of health-care associated infections. Assessing practice of standard safety measures while performing nursing procedures is immensely important so that necessary changes can be brought to enhanced quality nursing care.
Methodology: The study adopted an observational descriptive research design. The setting of the study was the Tertiary Mental Health Institute, North-East, India. The sample of the study consisted of the thirty eight (38) nursing personnel who performed the total 150 procedures i.e. 30 times of each five domains (waste disposal, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, hand-washing, aseptic wound dressing). Convenience sampling technique was used.
Result: Finding showed that all the nursing personnel followed proper waste disposal practice but partially adhere to standard safety measures while administering intramuscular and intravenous injections. Whereas practice on standard safety measures while performing hand washing and aseptic wound dressing were less than average.
Conclusion: The present study highlights the importance of in-service education on standard safety measures by incorporating new guidelines of nursing procedures based on evidence based practices. In-service education brought changes in the performance level as it is showed that the nursing personnel who had earlier received in-service education on Bio-medical waste management from the institute followed satisfactory waste disposal practice.

Keywords: Standard safety measures, nursing personnel.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Ill Effects of Substance Use Among School Going Children, Golaghat
Authors: Begam Boby , Devi Kabita
Published: June 2021

Adolescent starts with early healthy teens and ends up with the many unhealthy issues if not taken care of One of the high risk health issues of adolescence is related to substance use. It is a decade ago worldwide problem where India too has fallen into this viscous cycle. It has not only affected the health of adolescence but has also affected the future of the entire nation.
Objectives: The study aimed to find out knowledge and attitude on ill effects of substance use among school going children.
Material and Methods: The study adopted cross sectional descriptive design. The study was conducted in three School of Golaghat, Assam for a period of 2 weeks among 265 school going children who were selected using purposive sampling technique after taking the consent. Tool knowledge questionnaire related Substance Use and Attitude scale related Substance Use was used.
Results: It was found that 94% of the school going children was having high knowledge level on the ill effects of substance use and their attitude varies towards the substance use. There was no significant association found between knowledge score and selected socio demographic variable.
Conclusion: It was found that even after having sufficient knowledge and negative attitude towards the substance use, many adolescent are trapped in this phenomena. It may be because of lack of assertiveness and weaken coping ability of the adolescence.

Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Substance use, School Going Children.
The Role of Multifactorial Contribution in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Occurrence
Authors: Meregawa Putu Feryawan , Nolan John
Published: June 2021

As one of the common peripheral neuropathies, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is accountable for the majority of typical hand pain and functional disturbance in median nerve innervation. The median nerve compression may cause some uncomfortable sensations including pain, numbness, tingling, and strength loss which also depends on the severity of the condition. Many factors could contribute to CTS occurrence. Several risk factors are thought to be in charge in CTS progressions, such as body mass index (BMI), gender, pregnancy, and biomechanical exposures combination is significantly explained as the major component in suffering CTS. Clinicians need to know the contributing risk factor to benefit the information within the implication for the treatment and reducing symptoms severity.

Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome, risk factor, multifactor.
Effect of Lumbar Stabilization Exercises on Stable versus Unstable Surface on Pain and Function in Mechanical Low Back Pain-an Evidence Based Study
Authors: Pandya Rima Paraskumar , Shukla Yagna Unmesh
Published: June 2021

Background: Low back pain is the most common complaint all over the world. Lumbar instability is an important causative factor for low back pain. Lumbar stabilization exercises are helpful in reducing and preventing its recurrence.
Purpose: To study the evidences regarding effect of lumbar stabilization exercises on stable versus unstable surface on pain and function in mechanical low back pain.
Methodology: The study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Evidences selected since year 2010-February 2020 from PubMed, Google Scholar, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Research Gate, Science Direct and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Key words used were: Lumbar stabilization exercise, Core stability exercise, Pain and Function. Analysis was done using 2 scales: PEDro scale and Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence Scale. Total 202 articles were found, out of which 22 articles were relevant and from those 17 articles were included in the study and other articles were excluded as per eligibility criteria.
Results: 11 studies were shown that core stability exercise is effective treatment for reducing pain and improving disability. (Level of evidence-1a,1b,2b). 2 studies were showed that motor control exercise was more effective than core stability exercise. (Level of evidence-1b). 4 studies shown that lumbar stabilization exercise performed on unstable surfaces showed significant improvement in back pain and disability (Level of evidence-1b, 2b).
Conclusion: Lumbar stabilization exercise performed on unstable surface provide significant benefit in reducing pain and improving function in patients with mechanical low back pain.

Keywords: Lumbar stabilization exercise, Core stability exercise, Pain and Function Low Back Pain.
To Check the Knowledge of Hypertension amongst Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students
Authors: Parekh Radha , Prajapati Hardini
Published: June 2021

Aim: To check the knowledge of hypertension amongst undergraduate physiotherapy students.
Background: Hypertension is considered to be a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risk of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. It is also called the “silent killer”. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity, excessive salt intake, consumption of tobacco are risk factors of hypertension. Hypertension is present in the curriculum of the 4 year long bachelor of physiotherapy course where main emphasis on this topic is usually in the last year of the course.
Methodology: 125 students filled a hypertension knowledge assessment questionnaire. The mean result obtained was 12.8 from an 18 point questionnaire.
Conclusion: The study concludes that there is moderate knowledge of hypertension amongst undergraduate physiotherapy students.
Clinical Significance: Knowledge of hypertension is needed in physiotherapy students to help prescribe a proper exercise regime for patients suffering from hypertension and also help them improve their quality of life. Physiotherapist can also play a major role in preventing hypertension.

Keywords: Hypertension, knowledge, undergraduate physiotherapy students.
Effect of Myofascial Release Technique in Plantar Fasciitis on Pain and Function- An Evidence Based Study
Authors: Tandel Heni Ishwarlal , Shukla Yagna Unmesh
Published: June 2021

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of pain in the heel which occurs as a result of inflammation of the plantar aponeurosis at its attachment on the calcaneal tuberosity. Myofascial Release Technique is intended to improve the mobility of soft tissue through application of a slow, controlled mechanical stress directly into a restriction. Pressure is gradually increased or repeated until the mobility of the tissue is felt to improve.
Purpose: The purpose is to study the scientific evidences regarding the effect of the myofascial release technique in plantar fasciitis.
Methodology: A search for relevant articles was carried out using key words- plantar fasciitis, myofascial release technique, pain and function and search engines- Google Scholar, PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate and CINAHL. Studies were selected from year 2010-2019. Ten studies were included in which there were 7 RCT, 1 Prospective experimental study, 1 Quasi Experimental study and 1 Pre-post interventional study.
Results: 10 studies were reviewed from which 7 studies concluded that MFR is more effective than a control group receiving sham treatment or conventional treatment and 3 studies highlighted MFR to be equally effective to alternative treatments.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis of these 10 articles, it can be concluded that MFR is an effective treatment regimen in individuals with Plantar Fasciitis.
Clinical Implication: MFR is found to be effective in reducing pain and improving functions in individuals with plantar fasciitis, therefore MFR technique can be considered as an adjunctive treatment in plantar fasciitis.

Keywords: Plantar Fasciitis, Myofascial Release Technique, Pain, Function.
La era de la inteligencia colectiva, uso de herramientas colaborativas en línea
Authors: Soria Correa Maria Elena
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo el hacer una reflexión acerca de la inteligencia colectiva y las herramientas colaborativas en línea. En la actualidad, vivimos en una era de cambios profundos, tanto en lo social, comunicacional, como también en lo educativo. Hasta hace algunos años se empleaban aún en los procesos de enseñanza- aprendizaje, métodos conductistas, memorísticos, que sin duda reducían al estudiante a ser un depósito de datos, o de conceptos e ideas, que no sabía cómo relacionar en su futura vida profesional. Unido a estos métodos, prevalecía el trabajo individual competitivo entre estudiantes, que daba lugar a competencias y envidias, que tenían como resultado productos mediocres.
En un mundo cada vez más competitivo, es imperativo que los docentes y estudiantes analicen la posibilidad de crear conocimiento de manera colectiva para democratizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El uso de las mencionadas herramientas se aplica en Bolivia de manera incipiente, por lo que este documento permitirá la reflexión de docentes, así como su entendido en la educación para su aplicación de manera masiva.
Head and Hands: Arthur van Schendel and Henricus Mertens, and Their Unique Role in the Development of the Rijksmuseum’s Paintings Restoration Studio (1930-70)
Authors: Van Duijn Esther
Published: June 2021

The unique character of a present-day conservator lies in the rare combination of working at an academic level with your head and at a craftsman level with your hands. This has not always been the case. Historically the role of a restorer was that of a technician, craftsman and artist, while that of the museum curator was that of a thinker, writer and academic. This article focuses on the relationship between the curator and later director, Arthur François Emile van Schendel, and the paintings restorer Henricus Hubertus Mertens. Both started their careers in the museum in the early nineteen-thirties. Van Schendel’s interest in restoration and technical research may have been kindled at that time, but was fanned during the war, when he worked with the museum’s two paintings restorers – Mertens and his colleague Christiaan Jenner – to preserve the paintings collection under difficult circumstances. After the war, Van Schendel continued to develop in this field and quickly became an internationally recognised authority. He was closely involved in the treatment of Rembrandt’s Night Watch, carried out by Mertens in 1946 and 1947. It brought the museum international acclaim and Mertens became known as the specialist in the restoration of Rembrandt paintings. Although the relationship between Mertens and Van Schendel became more distant as the decades progressed, the post-war paintings restoration studio grew into a renowned department with three permanent restorers and many national and international students. While Van Schendel was a key figure in the international field of restoration and technical research, for example as one of the founders of ICC, ICOM Care of Paintings and ICCROM, Mertens played a more modest role. His legacy was the paintings he left behind. His expertise was disseminated at a national and international level through his students. And so both Van Schendel and Mertens played their own unique role in bringing the restoration department of the museum internationally into view.
Berlin Furniture Drawings by Carl Wilhelm Marckwort (1798-1875)
Authors: Stiegel Achim
Published: June 2021

The Rijksmuseum recently acquired eight furniture designs, drawn by the cabinet-maker from Braunschweig, Carl Wilhelm Marckwort (1798-1875), while working as a journeyman in Berlin, in the years 1820-23. Apart from another group by Marckwort, no similar drawings made in Berlin during the first half of the nineteenth century survive, although they must once have been common. They were not regarded as works of art, and those that may have been retained in Berlin were lost during the Second World War. Marckwort took his drawings with him when he returned to Braunschweig in 1824, where they have until recently been kept by a succession of local cabinet-makers.
Marckwort’s drawings present much information on current Berlin furniture types, and they document the high level of draughtsmanship attained by a talented craftsman working there. In Berlin, as in Vienna and indeed also in Braunschweig, much attention was given from the late eighteenth century onwards to providing drawing lessons for apprentices and journeymen. This was seen as an important step in an effort to improve the quality of manufactured goods. Marckwort’s manner of drawing, linear rather than free, exemplifies the workings of the new educational system. Sadly, no documentation concerning his training has been found.
Reckoning the Revolt on Rekenpenningen
Authors: Wise Rachel
Published: June 2021

This article examines the Rijksmuseum’s collection of rekenpenningen (jetons or casting counters) from the Eighty Years’ War that were struck with Old Testament imagery. Practical in function, jetons were used by government officials to aid incounting, such as with the computation of taxes. They also served as an effective propaganda medium, as they regularly depicted and allegorized events of the first half of the Revolt (c. 1570-1609). On jetons the marriage of contemporary war and biblical episodes was transformed into erudite, visual-textual idioms: a struck image on the obverse interrelated to one on the reverse, crystalized by circumscribing Latin legends. With three case studies, this article examines the visualsources that inspired the counters and explains the surprisingly learned commentary that arises from the biblical analogies and text. The function of counting accentuates the persuasive effect of the counters: numerically and metaphorically accumulating support for the war. The Rijksmuseum’s collection of jetons is one of the most notable in the Netherlands and has not been studied from an art historical perspective before.
Sleeping Beauty
Authors: Boomkamp Margreet
Published: June 2021

The interest in fairy tales grew strongly over the course of the nineteenth century, particularly in Germany, the birthplace of Frans Stracké (1820-1898). Renowned artists made illustrations for popular publications of fairy tales and in the middleof the century characters from fairy tales also appeared in paintings and sculptures. The sculptor Frans Stracké was inspired by this development and in the eighteen-sixties created a Sleeping Beauty and a Snow White. He may have chosen these designs because the sleeping figure offers greater sculptural possibilities, for example in funeral art. He showed Sleeping Beauty at the precise moment she falls asleep, after she had pricked her finger on a spindle. Stracké followed the fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm from 1812, in which the ill-fated event was predicted during the celebration of Sleeping Beauty’s birth. Sleeping Beauty (also known as Briar Rose) was precisely the sort of subject Stracké preferred: he excelled in making genre-like sculpture of a very high standard. This was little appreciated in the Netherlands, whereas in France and Italy practitioners of this type of sculpture enjoyed considerable success. Stracké is credited with introducing contemporary developments in European sculpture into the Netherlands; Sleeping Beauty is a relatively early and typical example.
True Identity
Authors: Wang Ching-Ling
Published: June 2021

In the Rijksmuseum collection there is a painting depicting the Buddhist deity Water-Moon Avalokite´svara. The identification and dating of this painting are complex. It had long been considered to be a Chinese work of the Song Dynasty and dated to the twelfth century; later it was regarded as a Chinese work from the Yuan Dynasty and dated to the fourteenth century; more recently opinion shifted and it was seen as a Korean Buddhist painting from the Goryeo Dynasty and dated to the first half of the fourteenth century. This essay aims to serve as a fundamental research by examining the iconography and style of this painting in detail. The author argues on the basis of style that this painting is a late fourteenth-century Japanese hybrid creation that combines both Chinese iconography and the colouring of Chinese Song Buddhist painting with decorative elements of Korean Goryeo Buddhist painting. In light of the recent research into the inter-regional connection of East Asian Buddhist image production, the Rijksmuseum Water-Moon Avalokite´svaraprovides an example of the artistic interactions between China, Korea and Japan in the fourteenth century.
‘Partly Copies from European Prints’
Authors: Il Choi Kee
Published: June 2021

This paper introduces the way Johannes Kip’s A Prospect of Westminster & A Prospect of the City of London (c. 1720) furnished the design for a handscroll of the River Thames enamelled on the rim of a renowned armorial porcelain service made around 1730-40. Having thus situated an important exemplar of northern European landscape art in China by 1750, it further suggests that Kip’s topographic print may well have played an influential, not to say seminal role in the conceptualization of monumental, panoramic handscrolls of the foreign factories from which ultimately the iconic landscape genre emerged. Descriptive of the site of both commerce and aesthetic exchange, these export paintings have exercised a lasting hold on the historical imagination. In as much as export porcelain signified the China trade for Westerners, export paintings came to represent Canton, if not the whole of China for a global audience.
The Sword and the Album
Authors: Van Deinsen Lieke , De Hond Jan
Published: June 2021

In 1878 the Rijksmuseum acquired two objects related to the violent death of Johan van Oldenbarnevelt: the executioner’s sword allegedly used to behead the Land’s Advocate and an eighteenth-century album of poems about the weapon of execution. The article describes how these objects have functioned in the Oldenbarnevelt memory culture and shows how they have taken on new functions and meanings over the centuries – from a possible executioner’s weapon, to a republican and then national relic, to an objet de mémoire.
'A Thing of Beauty is a Joy Forever’
Authors: Scholten Frits
Published: June 2021

A somewhat neglected late fifteenth-century panel from the collection of the Amsterdam-Swiss surgeon and art collector Otto Lanz, which he cherished, is investigated here. This article argues persuasively that the panel is a devotional tabernacle, intended for private devotion, of a kind that often hung on the wall of a bedchamber in the late Middle Ages. The missing central image may have been a Virgin and Child or a Pietà. Lanz attributed the carving to the woodcarver Antonio di Neri Barili or Barile (1453-1516). Barile was the most important woodcarver in Siena, who worked for distinguished clients, among them the Piccolomini family, which was responsible for introducing the Roman all’antica style to Siena shortly after 1500. The tabernacle contains the family’s coat of arms and various motifs that correspond to documented work by Barili, and was carved in his characteristic crisp, open style. If this panel is indeed by Barili, it would be the smallest surviving object in its own right to come out of his workshop.
The Restoration of Rembrandt’s Syndics
Authors: Van Duijn Esther
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on the reason why a cleaning controversy about the restoration of Rembrandt’s Syndics broke out nearly two and a half years after the work was completed in 1929 and how Rijksmuseum director Frederik Schmidt-Degener dealt with the challenges. Initiated by local artists from the Amsterdam artist society Arti et Amicitiae, the controversy was fuelled by provocative questionnaires circulated among artists and restorers by the daily De Telegraaf. A vindictive letter by Rijksmuseum restorer Pieter Bakker, who restored The Syndics in 1929, but left the museum on mental health grounds in 1930, fanned the flames still further, even though it was not published in the end. This cleaning controversy was not unique; arguments about the supposed dangers of cleaning paintings were fought out in public in European countries throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. After a cleaning controversy about Frans Hals paintings in Haarlem – which dragged on between 1909 and 1927 – The Syndics cleaning controversy was the second in the Netherlands. It was also the last. This previously unexplored episode in the Rijksmuseum’s conservation history carries a lesson in open communication regarding the restoration of cultural heritage. It is a lesson that is still valid today.
Knowledge management and academic performance moderating role of organizational structure: Abdelmalek essaadi university case
Authors: BOUSSENNA Yassine
Published: June 2021

In a knowledge-based economy, and a context of fierce international competition that spares no field. universities as organizations highly dependent on knowledge should pay special attention to it and its management, in such a way that the effective management of this asset is a key factor in building a competitive advantage and became the cornerstone of efforts to improve the performance of the university.
In addition, it has long been demonstrated that better knowledge management has a positive impact on organizational performance. However, it is not yet clear how this process is to be achieved in academia and particularly in developing countries such as Morocco.
On the other hand, and throughout the literature, several factors affect positively KM initiatives in public organizations and more specifically in universities are discussed. Some of these are the same as those found for private organizations and others are specific to public organizations. Most authors cite the organizational structure.
This work has the main objective to verify the moderating role of organizational structure on the intensity of the relationship between the application of knowledge management and organizational performance of Abdelmalek Essaadi University. by collecting the views of the Abdelmalek Essaadi University teacher-researchers, through a hypothetico-deductive reasoning approach and a quantitative working method. Our questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of 88 teacher-researchers from the different institutions of the university under study.
The results obtained prove the moderating and positive role of organizational structure, on the intensity of the relationship between the application of the K.M and (Training, research, publication, and governance) as indicators of organizational performance with a degree of impact of 1.1%.
La microfinance et l'innovation
Authors: LAHROUR Jihane , MAANINOU Amal
Published: June 2021

La microfinance est une innovation sociale qui porte sur le financement des microentrepreneurs exclus du financement bancaire classique. Et grâce à ce financement qui se fait sous forme de microcrédit, aux bénéficiaires lancent des activités génératrices de revenus, qui leur permettent de s'intégrer dans le circuit économique du pays.

Au Maroc, le microcrédit est un service géré par les associations de microcrédit (AMC) qui placent les besoins en matière de financement des démunis au centre de leurs préoccupations et le microcrédit comme une activité à activité mais non lucratif et les sommes financés par le financement des pauvres, ne sont que pour le financement des charges de fonctionnement de l'AMC (les charges du personnel, le loyer, etc.)

Et puisque les besoins en matière de financement de cette population sont en évolution extrême, L'AMC marocaine lance en continu des innovations commerciales, c'est-à-dire elle développe et innove de nouveaux produits/services financiers adaptés avec les nouveaux besoins de ses bénéficiaires.

Le présent article a pour objectif de répondre à la problématique de l'innovation dans le secteur de la microfinance à travers deux parties, la première opte à la présentation de la microfinance à la chaine internationale et nationale et la deuxième partie traite les grandes lignes de l'innovation dans le secteur bancaire ainsi que le processus d'innovation des AMC non-marocaines.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH PADA PENYALURAN KREDIT OLEH BANK YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Hastuti Andita Tyas Ayu
Published: June 2021

Analisis rasio keuangan seperti CAR, LDR, NPL, ROA, NIM dan BOPO merupakan salah satu cara untuk menguji apakah rasio-rasio tersebut dapat dijadikan prediksi dalam pemberian kredit. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2011 hingga 2013 sebanyak 33 bank. Setelah melewati teknik purposive sampling, jumlah sampel yang layak digunakan adalah sebanyak 24 Bank Umum. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel capital adequacy ratio (CAR), net interest margin (NIM), dan biaya operasional pendapatan operasional (BOPO) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit. Variabel loan to deposit ratio (LDR) berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit. Variabel non performing loan (NPL) negatif dan signifikan terhadap pemberian kredit. Variabel return on assets (ROA) berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit. Hasil estimasi dari model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rasio CAR, LDR, NPL, ROA, NIM, dan BOPO mampu menjelaskan tingkat penyaluran kredit sebesar 21,2% sedangkan sisanya 78,8% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar model yang belum dimasukkan dalam model penelitian.

Kata Kunci: Penyaluran Kredit, CAR, LDR, NPL, ROA, NIM dan BOPO.
SAK EMKM: PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN USAHA MIKRO, KECIL, DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Satria Hendy , Hendyka Jery
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui penyusunan laporan keuangan yang dilakukan oleh CV. Mitra Dinamis, dan untuk mengetahui apakah penyusunan laporan keuangan pada CV. Mitra Dinamis telah sesuai dengan SAK EMKM. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan berupa wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CV. Mitra Dinamis hanya membuat laporan keuangan berbentuk invoice. Sehingga, hal tersebut belum sesuai dengan SAK EMKM yang mensyaratkan laporan keuangan lengkap terdiri atas Laporan Posisi Keuangan, Laporan Laba Rugi, dan Catatan atas Laporan Keuangan (CaLK). Dan penyusunan laporan keuangan yang dilakukan oleh CV. Mitra Dinamis belum sesuai dengan SAK EMKM.
PENGARUH SBI, KURS, DAN INFLASI TERHADAP SAHAM INDEKS LQ45 DENGAN TRADE WAR SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING
Authors: Alamsyahbana Muhammad Isa
Published: June 2021

Pasar modal merupakan elemen penting dalam mengukur suatu kondisi ekonomi negara. Dengan pentingnya peran pasar modal, diharapkan peran masyarakat dapat tumbuh sehingga dapat berperan aktif dalam transaksi di pasar modal. Dengan adanya kondisi dimana suku bunga SBI yang terus meningkat, kurs valas yang juga tinggi serta adanya inflasi, maka peneliti hendak menguji pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja saham indeks LQ45, dan ditambahkan variabel trade war sebagai variabel moderating periode 2016-2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya variabel kurs valuta asing yang memiliki pengaruh signigfikan terhadap kinerja saham indeks. Sedangkan variabel suku bunga SBI dan infasi tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Adapun variabel moderatingnya semua mampu dimoderasi oleh trade war, namun tidak memiliki hasil yang signifikan sehingga tergolong sebagai pure moderasi. Adapun masukan kepada peneliti mendatang untuk menambah tahun penelitian sebab perang dagang yang terjadi masih berlangsung panjang. Selain itu, bangsa Indonesia juga perlu mempersiapkan diri untuk menghadapi perang dagang dalam fase berikutnya, terutama dalam ekonomi makro dan hubungan internasional.
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI, PEMAHAMAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DAERAH, KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DENGAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Saputra Novi Chandra
Published: June 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, pemahaman sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah, kompetensi sumber daya manusia terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan serta untuk menguji dan menganalisis sistem pengendalian intern dalam memediasi hubungan antara pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, pemahaman sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah, kompetensi sumber daya manusia terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode survei dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada pengelola keuangan daerah pada Pemerintahan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pengelola keuangan pada 41 SKPD sebanyak 123 orang. Penentuan sampel melalui sampel jenuh (sensus). Data diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi SEM-PLS versi 3.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, pemahaman sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah, kompetensi sumber daya manusia, sistem pengendalian intern berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. Dan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, kompetensi sumber daya manusia secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sistem pengendalian intern. Namun pemahaman sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap sistem pengendalian intern.
Anticalculi Activities of Apigenin Hot Melt Extrusion Results with Soluplus® and Kollidon® VA 64 Polymers on Wistar Rats
Authors: Stiani Sofi N , Subarnas Anas , Rusdiana Taofik
Published: June 2021

Apigenin is a flavonoid belonging to a flavone subclass that is reported to have many benefits and less toxic than other flavonoid groups. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate antinephrolithiasis activity of modified Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) apigenin formulas with Soluplus® and Kollidon® VA 64 polymers in rats. Method: In this study, rats were administered ethylene glycol 0.75% and ammonium chloride 2% as inducing agents for formation of kidney stone. Rats in each group were given the formulas of apigenin without HME, or apigenin with HME soluplus® polymer and apigenin with HME Kollidon® VA 64 polymer every day for seven days. The concentration of calcium oxalate in the kidney and the urine was measured using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Urine volume and urine pH were also measured. Result: The results of this study indicated that the apigenin formulas with HME soluplus® polymers can shed kidney stones at a dose of 4.8mg/kg of body weight. Its effect was stronger than the apigenin formula with Kollidon®. Conclusion: The formula of Apigenin with HME Soluplus® polymers is better than that of Kollidon® polymers in removing kidney stones with the ratio of 10:90 at a dose of 4.8mg/kg.
Rapid, Sensitive and Simple LC-MS/MS Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Phenytoin in Human Plasma by using Deuterated Internal Standard
Authors: Patel Ajay I. , Ram Kishna , Guttikar Swati , J. Vyas Amit Kumar , Patel Ashok B. , Patel Nilesh K. , Trivedi Vikash
Published: June 2021

A rapid, sensitive, accurate and precise high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC– MS/MS) method equipped with Electro Spray Ionization (ESI) source, operating in the Positive ion and Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode was developed and validated for the estimation of Phenytoin in human plasma using Phenytoin D10 as an internal standard. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) technique was used to extract analyte and ISTDs from 0.2mL human plasma. The analytical separation was carried out in a reverse phase liquid chromatography by using C18 (150 x 4.6mm, 5µm) column, and 2mM Ammonium Acetate in water (pH 6.3): Methanol (30:70% v/v) mobile phase at 1mL/min in isocratic mode. Analytes were monitored in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode using the respective [M+H]⁺ ions, m/z 253.10→ 182.30 for Phenytoin and m/z 263.30 → 192.20 for the internal standard, respectively. The Phenytoin and Phenytoin D10 retained at about 2.50 and 2.46 minutes respectively with total run time of 4 minute. The response of the LC-ESI-MS/MS method for both analyte and ISTD was linear over the dynamic range of 60-12000ng/mL with correlation coefficient r2 ≥ 0.9963. The Accuracy was well within the accepted limit of ± 20% at lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) and ± 15% at all the other concentrations in the linear range. Recovery of drug and ISTD was 87.52% and 86.42%, respectively. This method was fully validated for all the validation parameters and Stability studies. After optimization, the Bioanalytical method was validated according to USFDA, EMA and ANVISA guidelines for Bioanalysis.
Microscopic and Phytochemical analysis of Desmodium velutinum (Willd) DC and Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Panchanga powder
Authors: Pathak Jigyasa , M. P. Aswathi , Patel B. R. , C. R. Harisha , Vinay J. Shukla
Published: June 2021

Background: Desmodium velutinum (Fabaceae) is one of the wild edible plants used traditionally to treat diarrhoea, haematuria, infertility and also externally used to treat scorpion bites. Though various parts of the plant have been used for therapeutic purpose, panchanga of the plant has not been studied for its Pharmacognostical and phytochemical characteristics in detail, following scientific parameters. Hence in the present study Desmodium velutinum whole plant has been studied for its pharmacognostical and phytochemical characters and compared with commonly used species Desmodium gangeticum. Methods: Whole plant of Desmodim velutinum was collected from Paikmal, Odisha and Desmodium gangeticum was collected from Junagarh, Gujarat in the month of November 2019 following good collection practices and shade dried. Pharmacognostical study and analytical study were performed following standard pharmacopoeial procedures. Results: Whole plant (Panchanga) of former is sweetish and latter is bitter. Powder microscopy of Desmodium gangeticum showed presence of rhomboidal crystals and lignified annular and spiral vessels. Desmodium velutinum showed presence of prismatic crystals and lignified pitted vessels. Physico-chemical analysis showed higher loss on drying in Desmodium gangeticum, and higher water soluble extractive values of Desmodium velutinum. Phytochemical estimation showed the presence of Proteins, tannins, and carbohydrates in both samples. HPTLC study showed similar Rf value 0.82 and 0.94 at 254 and 0.03 and 0.41 at 366nm. Conclusion: Basing upon the analytical and microscopic similarities Desmodium velutinum may be considered as substitute of Desmodium gangeticum
Evaluation of the Bacteriological risk of solid Medical and Pharmaceutical waste from a Moroccan Hospital Center
Authors: Chauiyakh Oussama , Et-tahir Aziz , Kettani Kamal , Chaouch Abdelaziz , Bessi Halima
Published: June 2021

Medical and pharmaceutical waste (MPW) pose a big problem in society and at the healthcare centers because they cause a bacteriological risk in the living being and the environment. Morocco, since 1991, has developed a legal arsenal on medical and pharmaceutical waste. In order to identify pathogens at the level of hospital waste, and to assess their treatment system, this study was carried out at a Moroccan hospital center. The analysis of the samples was performed at the medical biology laboratory of the same hospital. Eleven samples were done at four care units, including two at the internal storage room before treating waste with an ECODAX T300 type mill, and two after treatment from the ground material and leachate. Before crushing 63.6% (7/11) of the samples gave positive cultures. The presence of pathogenic microorganisms such as (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas stuzerie and Pseudomonas fluorescens) have been identified and their sensitivity to antibiotics has also been determined. After the grinding cycle, the microbiological characterization of the samples on ground material and leachate revealed 100% of bacterial presence, the microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) were identified. The results show that hospital waste encloses multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria before and after their treatment, which raises a big question mark on the quality and effectiveness of the treatment of MPW.
RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Gemfibrozil using Central Composite Design (CCD)
Authors: Patel Ajay I. , Prajapati Krupa B. , Jolapara Swati H. , Vyas Amitkumar J. , Patel Ashok B. , Patel Nilesh K. , Pandey Minakshi M.
Published: June 2021

The high-Performance Analytical Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method (AQbD) for routine analysis of Gemfibrozil in dosage form was developed in column C18 using an experimental design. The central composite design (CCD) was adopted in evaluating the responses and robustness of the method. In the project, the combined effect of buffer pH, % organic phase and flow rate, each at five levels, was selected for responses such as retention time and number of theoretical plates, then interpreted and optimized statistically with the help of the surface methodology of response and therefore of the analysis of the constructed models and of the outline graphs was obtained. Acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (pH-4) (59: 41% v / v) as eluent at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min was found to be the optimal condition for obtaining the desired answers.
Synthesis and Characterization of New poly β-Lactam from poly acrolein and Study Corrosion Inhibition for Stainless steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Authors: Sadiq Amaal S. , Al-Tamimi Entesar O.
Published: June 2021

A new poly chain derivative of polyacrolein has been synthesized from the two basic precursors, polyacrolein and aromatic amine/substituted amine in chloroform to prepare poly Schiff base compounds (A1-A4). The novel poly subs.β-lactam derivative is obtained via coupling of poly schiff base with chloroacetyl chloride and trimethylamine (B1-B4). Newly synthesized compound was identified via spectral methods; their [13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, and FTIR] also measurement of some of its physical properties. Furthermore the inhibition effect of synthesized compounds (B1-B4) on the corrosion of stainless steel in 1N HCl was studied by wight loss method. The results of weight loss measurements showed that corrosion inhibition efficiency by increasing the concentration of organic inhibitors for stainless steel in 1M HCl solution at 30°C.
Generation of Neurodegenerative phenotype using Drosophila melanogaster through paraquat treatment and an amelioration by
Tinospora cordifolia (giloy)
Authors: Singh Mahendra P. , Twinkle Twinkle , Himalian Ranjana
Published: June 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases are non-curable for the modern world and mainly affecting the aged population across the globe. These diseases cause serious issues with compromised motor function and along with dementia. In the present study, we have explored the benefits of Tinospora cordifolia (giloy) against chemical-induced neurodegeneration in wild type Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon R+) also known as fruit fly. We examined the biochemical properties of Tinospora cordifolia (giloy) through phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant activities of giloy were judged by in vitro methods like total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenging assay against ascorbic acid as standard. We treated D. melanogaster with paraquat (PQ, 1.0mM and 2.0mM) for 24 and 48 h and after the treatment, neurodegeneration was evaluated through classical methods like locomotor assay and memory assay in fruit flies. Furthermore, we have also checked the impact of paraquat on the total survival of the flies to evaluat lonevity and we evident a significant amelioration in neurodegeneration due to co-treatment of Tinospora cordifolia as compared to paraquat-treated flies. We found an improved toal survival of D. melanogaster in PQ along with Tinospora cordifolia treated groups and evident a significant difference in locomotor as well as in memory assays. Conclusively, we may suggest that Tinospora cordifolia is having good phenolic content and free radical scavenging properties thereby D. melanogaster treated along with giloy exhibited reduced neurodegeneration and showed significant amelioration.
Physical and Chemical methods of extraction of Bioactive Molecules from Lepidium sativum Linn. and Antioxidant Activity-based screening and selection of extracts-Probable Phytochemical, Chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis-based correlates
Authors: R. Rajasekaran , P. K. Suresh
Published: June 2021

Identification and isolation of active principles from Lepidium sativum L. garden cress seeds and their chemical/biological characterization would aid in drug development (templates for synthesizing derivatives or as a value-added product). Initially, this study dealt with the phytochemical, qualitative and quantitative analysis for phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Subsequently, different physical and chemical extraction techniques -Simple Crude extraction (CRU), Ultra Sonication-Assisted Extraction (UAE), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) and classical Soxhlet extraction were adopted to select the best Lepidium sativum L. seed extract based on their activity in certain classical, in vitro antioxidant assay systems. The selected best extract was further analyzed for characterization using UPLC, GC-MS. CRU MeOH extracts showed a higher Total phenolic content of 4464.1±349.7mg GAE/100g. The UAE method showed a higher total flavonoid content of 1520.6±182.2mg QUE/100g. CRU-MeOH showed good antioxidant activity based on the free radical scavenging DPPH assay (IC50: 50.61µg/mL). A 100µg/mL concentration of CRU-MeOH was found to be 217.82±12.82 FRAP value. At 400 µg/mL, the NO scavenging assay was reported to be 62.11±4.84%. The present study indicates that extracts from the polar solvents shows better antioxidant scavenging potential than that of the non-polar extracts. Based on the relatively superior performance of the CRU-MeOH extract, UPLC-PDA data was generated. The validity of our chromatography conditions was shown by the presence of quercetin at a retention time 8.555 (validated by our internal standard), apart from the presence of this important bioactive molecule in our extract. As another strand of evidence for the presence of important bioactive molecules, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid were also present in our extracts, following correlation of their UPLC-PDA data with published findings. Also, GC-MS analysis of the CRU MeOH extract showed that 24 compounds (8 major and 16 minor peaks). One of the compounds detected (cis-vaccenic acid) is in consonance with published data. The presence of bioactive components, with known antioxidant and cell death potential, validates our experimental flow for the development and/or refinement of crude extract-based drugs. However, the variability perforce warrants an inter-laboratory harmonization of protocols for making meaningful comparisons.
UV Detection and Avoidance of Protein in Basella alba leaf Mucilage Polysaccharide by differential precipitation
Authors: P Arvind , S Priyadarshini , B Duraiswamy , SP Dhanabal , G Ramu
Published: June 2021

Objective: In the aim of refining mucilage polysaccharide extracted from the leaf of Basella alba, extraction and differential precipitation of the protein content was studied. This was attempted by pH adjustment by adding Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl). Materials and Methods: The presence of residual protein before and after deproteinization in the polysaccharide solution was detected by UV spectrum analysis. The % polysaccharide, % polysaccharide loss, protein concentration and the deproteinization efficiency were studied as comparative indices to evaluate the precipitation experimental conditions using pH adjustment. Results: The result showed that 10% w/v TCA precipitated over 80% of the protein when the pH of the aqueous polysaccharide solution was 3. Discussion: TCA was proved to be superior to hydrochloric acid as evidenced by the highest deproteinization efficiency (83.3%). The polysaccharides of all the extracted solutions obtained were identified with only slight variations in percentage. The Hcl method excelled over the TCA method in obtaining polysaccharides with little lower percentage of polysaccharide loss (13.94 %). Conclusion: The TCA method will offer a room for deproteinization of polysaccharides if optimization is studied.
Formulation and Characterization of Eplerenone Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets
Authors: Amballa Harini , Kaluva Navaneetha , Prasad Beri Sree Giri , Chinnala Krishna Mohan , Konda Mayuri
Published: June 2021

Mucoadhesive drug release system is a preferably unidirectional release system where mucosal epithelial exterior is enclosed by the mucus deposit that interacts with the bio-adhesive drug delivery system and swelling time of the buccal dosage form which is amplified by mucin molecules at the location of administration. Eplerenone is an Anti-hypertensive drug that undergoes hepatic first pass metabolism and shows 69% of bioavailability. In order to bypass the hepatic first pass metabolism the drug is designed to be delivered through buccal cavity to avoid the first pass metabolism. Eplerenone buccal tablets were formulated by using direct compression method with different polymers like HPMC K 100M, Carbopol 934P, Carbopol 974P, Xantham Gum, Eudragit L100 and NaCMC in various concentrations and compositions. Incompatibility complications were not observed from the FTIR spectrums. The formulated and prepared buccal solid dosage forms were evaluated for pre-compressions and post- compression parameters such as hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, surface pH, swelling index, in-vitro dissolution studies, drug content uniformity, mucoadhesion strength and mucoadhesion time. Evaluation results of formulation F12 are proven to be the optimal formulation showing highest mucoadhesion time, mucoadhesion strength and in-vitro drug release for prolonged period of time about 8 hours. Eplerenone is best delivered through buccal drug delivery system to enhance its oral bioavailability and bypass the hepatic first pass metabolism.