bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicity Test of Nanoemulsions of Nutmeg Fruits and Leaves Essential Oil against Artemia salina Leach and Its Cytotoxicity Test against Breast Cancer Cells T47D
Authors: Rastuti Undri , Diastuti Hartiwi , Widyaningsih Senny , Chasani Moch , Sheiliyani Cindi , Rahmasari Anisa , Fajriyah Bunga Sita Roihanul , Mesayu Puspa Rahma , Habibie Ranti Kamila
Published: October 2024

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is a widely known spice plant, which has been reported to offer several benefits. Therefore, this study aims to develop and analyze nanoemulsions of nutmeg leaves and fruit essential oil, as well as determine their toxicity and cytotoxicity. Nanoemulsions were formulated with varying concentrations of essential oil, including 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6%. Characterization included organoleptic assessment, pH measurement, type examination, viscosity testing, transmittance analysis, particle size distribution measurement, centrifugation, and freeze-thaw cycle test. Toxicity testing results using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) showed that nanoemulsions were toxic except NF F4 with high toxicity. Cytotoxicity testing on T47D breast cancer cells showed moderate activity for NF F4 nanoemulsions (IC50: 34.363 ppm), while NL nanoemulsions were deemed inactive (IC50: 33576.430 ppm). In addition, the organoleptic characteristics of all nanoemulsions were stable, and most parameters met the desired standards. Based on the results, further studies exploring nanoemulsions with natural products must be carried out to determine their advantages, specifically in the development of sciences.
Optimum and Green Fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) for Crystal Violet Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wijaya Christian Julius , Soetaredjo Felycia Edi , Yuliana Maria , Santoso Shella Permatasari , Hartono Sandy Budi , Irawaty Wenny , Lie Jenni , Putro Jindrayani Nyoo , Gunarto Chintya , Puspitasari Nathania , Ismadji Suryadi , Gunawan Setiyo
Published: October 2024

MIL-100(Fe) was prepared and subsequently used to remove crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions simulating dye-containing wastewater in the environment. In the future, it is aimed that MIL-100(Fe) can be used in managing dye-containing wastewater in the environment and reducing the negative impacts it can cause. Here, MIL-100(Fe) fabrication needs to be optimized to obtain optimum process conditions, which are environmentally friendly and can produce MIL-100(Fe) with the best characteristics. This study focused on optimizing the fabrication of MIL-100(Fe), which is a type of MOF with good chemical stability, thermal stability, and flexible structure. In this study, the room-temperature fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) was established using a ligand-to-metal molar ratio of 0.95 and an acetic acid concentration of 5.1 vol% for 6.2 h. The optimum MIL-100(Fe) was tested for crystal violet removal and provided an optimum removal capacity of 182.66 ± 3.81 mg/g. Statistical approaches are used to investigate the independent parameters and their interactions contributing to MIL-100(Fe) formation.
Validation of Analytical Method for Vitamin A in Bioadhesive Ocular Cationic Nanoemulsion Loaded into Thermosensitive Gel Using RP-HPLC
Authors: Fatimah Siti Fatmawati , Lukitaningsih Endang , Martien Ronny , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis
Published: October 2024

Various test methods have been previously documented for determining vitamin A levels in different dosage forms. This study specifically examines an isocratic reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method designed for the direct extraction of vitamin A. The objective is to validate an analytical method for quantifying vitamin A in bioadhesive cationic nanoemulsions incorporated into thermosensitive gels. The method employs isocratic RP-HPLC with a YMC-Triart C18 column (L1), dimensions of 4.6 mm × 250 nm, particle size of S-5 µm, and a UV detector at λ = 265 nm. The mobile phase consists of HPLC-grade methanol, acetonitrile, and n-hexane in a ratio of 46.5:46.5:7. Validation parameters were assessed including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification (LOQ), and limit of detection (LOD). Correlation coefficients were determined with an R2 value of 0.9995 in the concentration range of 264–396 μg/mL (w/v). Recovery percentages ranged from 99.295% to 99.878%. Repeatability and intermediate precision relative standard deviations (RSD) were found to be 0.318% and 0.254%, respectively. The LOD was established at 2.018 μg/mL, and the LOQ was determined to be 6.114 μg/mL. The results affirm cost-effective and well-suited for the accurate measurement of vitamin A levels in bioadhesive thermosensitive gel formulations.
The Effect of SiO2 Addition to the Hydroxyapatite/Curcumin Composite Properties
Authors: Windarti Tri , Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana
Published: October 2024

Hydroxyapatite/curcumin composites have been studied as a calcium phosphate cement candidate. In this research, the effects of adding SiO2 to the hydroxyapatite/curcumin composite on the characteristics of the cement, such as the crystal and surface properties, as well as the release behavior of curcumin in Ringer's solution media, were studied. The composite preparation with and without SiO2 was carried out using a Na2HPO4 2.5% solution. The results showed that the addition of 25% SiO2 to the hydroxyapatite/curcumin composite did not change the crystal properties of hydroxyapatite but produced a more homogenous distribution of the ingredients. The behavior of the composite in Ringer's solution also changes, which is proven by the change in the crystal growth direction and Ca/P ratio. Adding SiO2 produced a composite with a platter and larger particles, as well as a higher Ca/P ratio on the surface. The presence of SiO2 inhibited the release of curcumin in which the ratio of HA: curcumin changed from 77.7%:22.3% to 69.6%:30.4% after 5 d of immersion in Ringer's solution. Thus, besides increasing calcium phosphate deposition on the cement surface, SiO2 also prevents curcumin from being released from the composite.
Spectrofluorimetric Method for Simultaneous Determination of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole with O-phthaladehyde Reagent by H-point Standard Addition Method
Authors: Alsayegh Amneen Mohammed , Alshirifi Abbas Noor
Published: October 2024

Simultaneous spectrofluorometric method described for the determination of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in pure and pharmaceutical preparations using H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) according to the reaction of nanograms of drugs with O-phthaladehyde (OPA) reagent to forms highly fluorescence compounds. The formed fluorophore excitation and emission at 342 and 458 nm, respectively, for OPA-TMP compound, at 424 and 508 nm, respectively, for OPA-SMZ compound under basic condition (pH 9.8) in the presence of 2-mercabtoethanol. A simple and accurate HPSAM is reported to resolve the overlapping in the fluorescence spectrum of these two drugs without prior separation of samples. The linear range was 100–1200 ng/mL for TMP and 100–1100 ng/mL for SMZ. The LOD and LOQ were 16.64 and 36.80 ng/mL, as well as 15.76 and 33.88 ng/mL for TMP and SMZ, respectively. The relative standard deviations and recovery percentages were 0.641% and 101.29% for TMP as well as 0.558% and 100.96% for SMZ, respectively. The procedure has been applied successfully in various pharmaceutical preparations. It was discovered that the experimental F- and t-values at a 95% confidence level were no higher than the theoretical values, showing that the HPSAM method is accurate and valid.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Citrus sinensis Peels Assisted by Microwave Irradiation as a Contrast Agents for Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Fatikasari Tanty , Nurhasanah Iis , Khumaeni Ali
Published: October 2024

Contrast agents are extensively used to enhance the quality of images in computed tomography (CT) scans for brain exams, vascular imaging, and full-body imaging. Recent data indicate that iodine-based contrast agents have brief durations of blood circulation and may lead to harmful toxicity effects. This study aims to produce silver nanoparticles using environmentally friendly synthesis techniques facilitated by microwaves. The characteristics of nanoparticles have been studied using UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, and TEM techniques. The TEM analysis reveals that the silver nanoparticle has an average diameter of 9 nm and exhibits a spherical shape. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values of silver nanoparticles at 100, 150, and 200 mg/L concentrations are 35.79, 48.16, and 74.66, respectively. In comparison, iodine exhibits CNR values of 28.57, 34.69, and 48.56 at the same concentrations. The CNR values for tube currents of 140, 160, and 180 mA are 37.83, 44.98, and 48.26, respectively. In contrast, the CNR values in silver nanoparticles are 63.64, 75.32, and 81.67. The results obtained from the different concentrations and tube currents clearly demonstrate that silver nanoparticles have a higher CNR than iopamidol. Hence, silver nanoparticles have significant potential as contrast agents.
Synthesis of 2-Phenoxyacetic Acid Analogs for Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Potential and Subsequent In Silico Analysis
Authors: Hossain Md. Mofazzal , Biswas Bishyajit Kumar , Bepary Sukumar
Published: October 2024

Several 2-phenoxyacetic acid derivatives and their isosteres were synthesized in moderate to high yield (57–96%) for searching newer and safer alternatives to these existing anti-inflammatory agents. The compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS. The synthesized compounds have been subjected to in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using egg albumin denaturation and human red blood cell membrane stabilization methods. The compounds were also evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in the mice model. The synthesized compounds were subsequently subjected to docking analysis. The in vitro pharmacokinetic properties were analyzed by applying the pkCSM software and drug-likeness was checked by using Lipinski’s rule. Some synthesized esters and amides, like SM61, SM81, SM82, SM83, SM91 and SM101, were significantly more powerful as anti-inflammatory agents. The efficacies were correlated with their orientations in the binding pocket of the cyclooxygenase enzyme. The encouraging in vitro and in vivo activities, the optimum pharmacokinetic profile, and good drug-likeness indicated that these scaffolds could be considered for future discovery of newer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
SHOPI (Sosialisasi Pencegahan Hipertensi): Building Community Resilience Against Hypertension in Banyuwangi, Indonesia
Authors: Hayuningtuti Faradila Nur Eka Nanda , Mandagi Ayik Mirayanti , Alfayad Afan
Published: October 2024

This community service was aimed at increasing knowledge to preventhypertension by utilizing the role of mother cadres of PKK, which stands for Pemberdayaandan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, a hamlet/village-level association focusing on family welfareand empowerment. These cadres are representatives of neighborhood associations (RT/Rukun Tetangga) in the village area. This community empowerment was held throughcounseling lectures. This activity was carried out in 2022; the data, which were theparticipants’ responses, were collected using pretest and post-test questionnaires. Thesampling was carried out using accidental sampling with a cross-sectional design. Thisactivity targeted 30 PKK mothers as representatives from each neighborhood in KarangrejoVillage, Banyuwangi Regency. This empowerment increased the knowledge of the targetcommunity regarding the prevention of hypertension by 22.7 points. The average score ofthe participants’ pretest was 52.26, and that of the post-test was 74.96. This is in line withstudies that found that community service activities carried out using the roles of cadresand the elderly showed optimal results in increasing the target communities’ knowledge inthe operation of tensimeters and measuring blood sugar, uric acid, and cholesterol as wellas increasing knowledge of cadres and the elderly in hypertension management, and dietarymanagement of hypertension. The SHOPI Project (Education on Hypertension Prevention)eﬀectively enhances public awareness regarding hypertension prevention, with a focus onwomen from the PKK community in Karangrejo Village, Banyuwangi Regency.
Sustainable and Quality Tourism Training for the Local Community of Braga Tourism Village
Authors: Baswarani Delfta Tunjung , Desmantyo Pandu Sapto , Bahri Khoirun Nisa , Wibawa Rizka Nala
Published: October 2024

The readiness and participation of the community inbalancing their area to become a destination with quality tourism is needed.Therefore, community empowerment is needed, which aims to harmonizethe existing strategic plan for the community living in Braga Tourism Village,which requires readiness and participation in its development because thecommunity lives around an area with historical and cultural tourism potential,which of course needs to be preserved and utilized by applicable laws. Thecommunity needs to identify the potential and implement suitable programsbased on the concept and applicable laws. With this provision, it washoped that community-based tourism eﬀorts would support the existenceof areas with potential cultural and historical attractions and promote qualitytourism. This community service program aims to provide material on theconcept of quality tourism and sustainable tourism. This program aimedto maximize the potential of the cultural history tourist attraction of BragaTourism Village, which then targets the community to understand and applythe material that has been given in the training. The activity method is inthe form of exposure to quality and sustainable tourism material to maximizeexisting potential. This program was divided into three parts: planningand preparation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. This trainingprogram was well executed because the community had better post-testscore results compared to the pretest. However, they still need to learn moreabout the positive impact of tourism on the environment and its applicationin the community, especially businesses that support tourism.
Should military robots that are designed to evacuate injured soldiers from the battlefield carry small arms for self-defence the same way human military personnel does?
Authors: Retter Amelia Erin
Published: October 2024

While medical personnel are protected from attack under the laws of war, they are permitted to carry small arms for self-defence and the defence of those in their care in acknowledgement of the reality that they are sometimes unlawfully targeted. Robots whose function is to extract wounded combatants are being developed and like human medical personnel, are at risk of being unlawfully targeted.  This article argues that extraction robots should be armed to protect themselves and those in their care to achieve the goals of the Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field (the Convention) to the fullest extent. First, being armed enables the robot to avoid incapacitation which in turn allows it to continue to assist the wounded, reducing human suffering and enlarging the dignity of the wounded. The ability to defend wounded in its care achieves the same ends. However, programming should set a high threshold of certainty of unlawful attack before force is used in order to recognise the complexity and confusion of combat situations and avoid the possibility of the robot losing protected status. In addition, to comply with proportionality and necessity requirements under the doctrine of self-defence, and to further minimise the chance of illegitimate force (particularly lethal force) being exerted, ERs should be equipped with communicative capabilities and non-lethal response options.
INTERLAYER EFFECT ON DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE OF DENDRITIC STRUCTURE FORMED DURING WIRE-FEED ELECTRON-BEAM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF AL-SI ALLOY
Authors: Balokhonov Ruslan , Utyaganova Veronika , Gatiyatullina Diana , Zemlianov Aleksandr , Romanova Varvara
Published: October 2024

Interfaces and surfaces play an important role in tribology, mechanics and materials science, causing plastic strain localization and stress concentration of different spatial scales. The interfacial inhomogeneity is highly pronounced in 3D printed materials due to thermo-cycling and layer-by-layer building. In this paper, the inlayer and interlayer structure of a eutectic Al-Si alloy fabricated by wire-feed electron-beam additive manufacturing is investigated by optical and electron microscopy. Model structures inheriting the experimental morphology are created, and their deformation and fracture are simulated using ABACUS/Explicit, with the user-defined subroutines being developed to describe the constitutive behavior of aluminum dendrite, silicon and eutectic materials. A two-scale computational approach is implemented to study the influence of the interlayer formed in the heat-affected zone on the dendritic structure strength.
FUZZY DIFFERENTIAL SUBORDINATION INVOLVING GENERALIZED NOOR-RUSCHEWEYH OPERATOR
Authors: Noor Khalida Inayat , Noor Muhammad Aslam
Published: October 2024

A new operator Lnλ is introduced as a convex combination of Ruscheweyh derivative operator and Noor integral operator on the class A of analytic functions in the open unit disc E. The operator Lnλ is studied using fuzzy set theory and fuzzy differential subordination. All the results proved are sharp. Some interesting special cases are derived as corollaries for particular choices of the functions acting as fuzzy best dominant.
La Educación Química en el Antropoceno
Authors: Vilches Amparo , Gil Pérez Daniel
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo pretende analizar, en primer lugar, el significado del concepto de Antropoceno desde la Educación Química, en la perspectiva de las interacciones Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad y Ambiente (CTSA), atendiendo a los debates que su introducción ha generado en la comunidad científica y saliendo al paso de las confusiones a las que está dando lugar su presencia en los medios de comunicación. A continuación, se aborda el papel que la actividad química ha jugado y sigue jugando en la creación de la actual crisis global, así como sus principales contribuciones a la Ciencia de la Sostenibilidad para la superación de dicha crisis y avanzar en el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible hacia la necesaria Transición a la Sostenibilidad. La última parte está dedicada a la atención que la educación química ha prestado y debe prestar a esta problemática como un objetivo clave en la formación de la ciudadanía y de los futuros profesionales y educadores.
Development of a Non-Linear Battery Management System Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using MATLAB Simulation
Authors: Verma Alok , Joshi Deepak Kumar
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This research focuses on developing a comprehensive battery model tailored for Battery Management Systems (BMS) using lithium-ion batteries. Given the increasing reliance on lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, this study aims to construct a non-linear battery model that accurately reflects the charging and discharging characteristics under various load conditions. The research identifies suitable characteristics of lithium-ion batteries essential for effective battery model construction. A MATLAB-Simulink approach is employed to build the model, which integrates both charging and discharging processes into a single simulation framework. This merged model enhances the existing non-linear models by offering improved accuracy in simulating battery behavior under fixed parameters. The outcome is expected to provide a reference model for future studies and applications in power management systems. Additionally, this research underscores the critical role of BMS in extending battery life and ensuring safety, making it a significant contribution to the field of energy management. The study's findings highlight the potential of the proposed model to serve as a foundation for further research and development in battery technologies.
DA SUSPENSÃO E DA DESTITUIÇÃO DO PODER FAMILIAR E DA POSSIBILIDADE DE SUA RESTITUIÇÃO A PAIS DEPENDENTES QUÍMICOS RECUPERADOS
Authors: De Oliveira Graziele de Cássia Ferreira , Nunes João Batista Amorim de Vilhena , Fukushima André Rinaldi
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a possibilidade da suspensão, da destituição e da restituição do poder familiar nos casos em geral e especificamente em casos de pais dependentes químicos notadamente recuperados.
Nesse sentido analisa-se a evolução histórica do poder familiar de acordo com o Código Civil, realizando uma pesquisa e explicação minuciosa dos conceitos e as hipóteses de suspensão, destituição e a perda dos pais em relação aos seus filhos.
Conforme previsto em lei, os pais são os guardiões diretos de seus filhos, porém, existe alguns requisitos mínimos previstos que devem ser seguidos, afinal, estamos falando de vidas, nas quais precisam ser cuidadas e representadas enquanto não tiverem capacidade jurídica, além de abordarmos um pouco de cada caso de suspensão, destituição e restituição, focaremos na restituição de pais dependentes químicos notadamente recuperados.
O sujeito estético: o percurso da mímesis
Authors: Manieri Dagmar
Published: October 2024

Em O sujeito estético abordamos a mímesis através de duas perspectivas. A primeira de ordem diacrônica que requer a utilização da categoria de paradigma. Tal abordagem implica – daí a importância desta categoria – em uma temporalidade de longa duração. Neste percurso se verifica dois paradigmas: o antigo e o contemporâneo. Quem realiza a virada mimética é Friedrich Nietzsche, na segunda metade do século XIX. É desta forma que ocorreu a composição dos capítulos desta obra. Se há nesta composição a presença do mercado cultural, isto se explica pela necessidade do contraponto à boa arte contemporânea. Na expressão de Theodor Adorno, a indústria cultural deve ser pensada como instante na qual a arte é subsumida pelos valores de mercado. A grande obra de arte se diferencia (de produções impregnadas de valores estranhos) pela presença da mímesis; por isso temos que ter a consciência dos efeitos estéticos da referida obra. Não mais como no paradigma antigo no qual se anseia por um sujeito adaptado ao mundo social; no novo paradigma há o ideal de um ser autônomo capaz de vigorar sua própria concepção de mundo através da arte. Neste ponto específico pode-se dar o exemplo do artista Vincent Van Gogh. Ele extrai da natureza a beleza que o deslumbra; por outro lado, o pintor vê o mundo empírico através da mediação da arte. Van Gogh se dirige ao campo e neste lugar se sente feliz, distante de Paris e dos grandes centros urbanos. No campo há pessoas simples. Para vivificar esses personagens da vida real deve-se ser “paciente” e perceber “tudo o que essas pessoas têm de Millet [pintor]”. Ou seja, esses tipos sociais (do campo) se tornam interessantes através da pintura de Millet.
Escala Eagle para riesgo cardiovascular prequirúrgico en endarterectomía de arteria carótida interna
Authors: Coronel-Duarte Natalia , Salcedo-Mesa Juliana , Morales-Rojas Silvia , Moreno-Vargas Eder , Bayona-Ortiz Hernán , Tarazona-Lara Marcos Manuel
Published: October 2024

Introducción: la endarterectomía carotídea se emplea para el tratamiento de pacientes con estenosis severa (> 70 %) o síntomas cerebrovasculares por enfermedad de la carótida interna. La escala Eagle ha sido usada como predictor de eventos cardiacos luego de una cirugía mayor. Este estudio busca determinar el uso de la escala Eagle como predictor de eventos mayores luego de endarterectomía carotídea.
Materiales y métodos: en este estudio observacional retrospectivo de corte transversal, se revisaron historias clínicas de pacientes sometidos a endarterectomía carótida entre los años 2017 y 2021, donde la escala Eagle se realizó durante la visita prequirúrgica, para evaluar el riesgo de complicaciones mayores luego de una endarterectomía carotídea hasta finalizar la hospitalización.
Discusión: un total de 19 pacientes fueron evaluados prequirúrgicamente con el puntaje de la escala de Eagle y fueron tratados con endarterectomía carotídea, con un promedio de edad de 77 años. El procedimiento quirúrgico se realizó con mayor frecuencia en pacientes sintomáticos (89,4 %), incluyendo 10 (59 %) con antecedentes de ataque isquémico transitorio (AIT) y 7 (41 %) con ataque cerebrovascular. Las imágenes diagnósticas indicaron estenosis severa de la arteria carótida en 18 pacientes (94,7 %) y la mayoría de los pacientes presentaron riesgo moderado (68,4 %) según la escala Eagle, además, 5 presentaron complicaciones menores y ninguno presentó complicaciones mayores.
Conclusiones: un puntaje moderado en la escala de Eagle indica riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones cardiovasculares menores luego de endarterectomía carotídea, pero se requieren estudios con mayor tamaño de muestra para dilucidar el papel del puntaje Eagle como predictor de complicaciones cardiovasculares mayores luego de una endarterectomía carotídea.
”Jeg skal føle mig udfordret, men ikke så udfordret, at jeg ikke kan gøre det godt”
Authors: Steen Pedersen Pernille , Veiga Eriknauer Luanna
Published: October 2024

”Snefnug”, ”Zoomers” og ”digitalt indfødte” er nogle af de navne, som bliver forbundet med generationen af unge fra den såkaldte ”generation Z”, der ankommer til arbejdspladserne med krav om anerkendelse, tydelig og nærværende ledelse, fleksibilitet, mening i arbejdet, samt work-life-balance. På den ene side er disse krav centrale pejlemærker for en bevægelse mod det bæredygtige arbejdsliv med fokus på affektivitet og det hele menneske, men samtidig ser vi i vores forskning, at de unges trivsel og de fællesskabsorienterede værdier er under pres fra de unges krav om personlig udvikling og høje idealer ift. egne præstationer. Med afsæt i et casestudie om trivsel hos unge, nyansatte advokatfuldmægtige belyser artiklen tre trivselsspændinger, der opstår med de unges orientering mod egne præstationer, som sameksisterer med et stærkt behov for at være en del af et arbejdsfællesskab. Til at analysere disse trivselsspændinger introducerer vi begrebet FOPO, som betyder Fear of Peoples Opinion, og som henviser til en optagethed af og frygt for, hvad andre tænker om én. Vi knytter FOPO til følelsen af skam, som den ene forfatter har identificeret som en central stressfaktor og foreslår afslutningsvis to organisatoriske aktiviteter til at håndtere FOPO og derigennem styrke trivsel og skabe stærkere arbejdstilknytning.
Consumer Behavior Analysis as a Form of Pre-market Survey for the Black Pule (Alstonia spectabilis) Antimalarial Tablet Prototype
Authors: Muslikh Faisal
Published: October 2024

Background: Malaria a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium with a high incidence of spread that is still found in remote tropical places, especially areas around gardens, swamps, forests, and mines such as eastern Indonesia. The commonly used antimalarial drug chloroquine has experienced resistance, encouraging researchers to look for effective alternative treatments. Formulation development of Standardized Herbal Medicine (OHT) from black pule was carried out as a potential new alternative treatment as an antimalarial. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of liking and quality assessment or characteristics of the prototype of antimalarial OHT tablets. Methods: The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative which aims to describe the panelists' perspective on the product and to analyze product marketing. In this research method includes hedonic test and hedonic quality test which is a series of organoleptic tests and consumer acceptance tests by tasting and observing the product followed by filling out a form according to what is felt and observed. Results: The results obtained from this research, namely the preference test of the overall characteristics of the prototype of antimalarial black pule tablets (Alstonia spectabilis) showed a good sensory impression and characteristics. The positive results obtained from all aspects have illustrated that the panelists have considerable interest in the prototype sample and assess that the prototype tablets are suitable for dissemination to the public. Conclusions: Based on the research, it can be concluded that the prototype of black pule (Alstonia spectabilis) tablets tested through hedonic and hedonic quality tests produced overall good results, characterized by the tendency of panelists to choose "Like" in the hedonic test of sensory impressions and positive values in the hedonic quality test.
Znaczenie Polski na tle krajów członkowskich UE w handlu zagranicznym biodieslem i bioetanolem w latach 2010–2020
Authors: Jarosz-Angowska Aneta , Nowak Anna
Published: October 2024

Biodiesel i bioetanol są paliwami alternatywnymi, produkcja i handel tymi biokomponentami może wpłynąć na zwiększenie niezależności energetycznej od tradycyjnych surowców kopalnych. Wytwarzanie z surowców rolniczych biokomponentów płynnych pierwszej generacji oraz handel nimi może dodatkowo przyczynić się do zagospodarowania nadwyżek produktów rolniczych i stabilizacji ich cen, oraz aktywizacji obszarów wiejskich poprzez powstawanie miejsc pracy na wszystkich etapach produkcji biopaliw. Celem opracowania była ocena znaczenia Polski na tle krajów członkowskich UE w handlu zagranicznym biodieslem i bioetanolem w latach 2010–2020 na podstawie analizy danych zaczerpniętych z baz statystycznych Eurostat, International Energy Agency – IEA, Renewable Fuels Association – RFA. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że większość krajów UE jest importerem netto biodiesla, pomimo że UE-27 jest największym producentem tego biokomponentu na świecie. Polska ma dodatni bilans w handlu biodieslem, obok Niemiec, Holandii i Hiszpanii, co wskazuje na efektywne wykorzystanie posiadanego potencjału. Znacznie mniejsze jest znaczenie Polski oraz pozostałych krajów UE w światowym handlu bioetanolem, którego czołowym producentem i eksporterem są USA i Brazylia.
Wdrażanie innowacji w gospodarstwach sadowniczych o różnej skali produkcji owoców
Authors: Rysz Maria , Szymańska Elżbieta
Published: October 2024

Celem opracowania była identyfikacja innowacji realizowanych w gospodarstwach sadowniczych z regionów Małopolski i Pogórza oraz ocena wpływu skali produkcji owoców na wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw. Podjęcie tej tematyki wynikało z faktu, iż wprowadzanie innowacji do gospodarstw rolniczych jest koniecznością wynikającą z potrzeby dostosowania gospodarstw do wymogów współczesnego rynku. Analizą objęto 45 gospodarstw z regionów Małopolski i Pogórza, w których zebrano dane za 2018 rok. Z badań wynika, że większość właścicieli gospodarstw wprowadziła do produkcji nowe odmiany, inwestowała w nowe maszyny i urządzenia rolnicze, technologię uprawy czy budowę chłodni na owoce. Charakter wprowadzonych inwestycji i innowacji wskazuje, że ich celem była poprawa jakości produkowanych owoców, dostosowanie gospodarstw do wymogów stosowanych na jednolitym rynku europejskim, obniżenie kosztów i wzrost potencjału produkcyjnego, a przez to wzrost dochodu rolniczego i poprawa sytuacji finansowej gospodarstw. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy wykazano, że wraz ze wzrostem skali produkcji w gospodarstwach sadowniczych zwiększał się udział innowacji produktowych polegających na wdrażaniu do produkcji nowych odmian owoców. Badania wykazały ponadto zależność statystycznie istotną między wynikami ekonomiczno-finansowymi gospodarstw a skalą produkcji.
Problem sprawiedliwości w kształtowaniu systemów transportowych w miastach
Authors: Sieka Kamilla
Published: October 2024

Pojawiające się w dyskusji publicznej wzmianki o coraz to większej świadomości w zakresie poprawy dostępności, atrakcyjności i inkluzji przestrzeni publicznych zmuszają niejako do refleksji nad kierunkiem zmian w sferze społecznej. Przedmiotem rozważań w artykule jest zwrócenie uwagi na podział dóbr i usług, które mają przyczyniać się do wzrostu jakości życia. Celem artykułu było ukazanie trudności związanych z zapewnieniem sprawiedliwości systemów transportowych i logistycznych w miastach. Racjonalność w kształtowaniu miast i mobilności miejskiej ma zapewnić sprawiedliwy podział zasobów między obecne i przyszłe pokolenia oraz zwiększyć poziom inkluzywności miast. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądu literatury. W wyniku analizy zauważono pilną potrzebę zmian w zakresie sprawiedliwego dostępu do usług transportowych. Zwrócono uwagę na związek sprawiedliwości międzygeneracyjnej i celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Stwierdzono, że fundamentem do osiągnięcia sprawiedliwości transportowej jest jej poprawne zdefiniowanie.
The benefits of the 15-minute city – a logistical approach
Authors: Pomianek Iwona
Published: October 2024

The human desire to increase one’s comfort while traveling has become one of the guidelines for designing transport networks in cities. Space in cities is limited, and city authorities, residents, entrepreneurs, and other users compete for it. Contemporary urban development concepts assume the pursuit of sustainable development, which is not easy as it often requires reconstructing the existing urban structure. The aim of the article is to present the benefits of the concept of a 15-minute city in terms of logistics (i.e., transport infrastructure solutions). Among the main benefits – from the city’s perspective – from the implementation of the model the following can be distinguished: fair planning decisions, reduction of traffic, improvement of air quality, increase in car-free space, and stimulation of the local economy. The benefits directly noticeable by the residents are also important: greater availability of goods and services, reduced dependence on cars, better health and well-being, a stronger sense of belonging to the local community, and an increase in the value of real estate. Implementing the 15-minute city model requires careful planning, investment, and time, but given the benefits listed above, it is an investment that will start to pay off almost immediately.
Environmentally Friendly Paving Block Based on Wood Waste: The Effect of Rubber Wood Waste Content on the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Paving Block
Authors: Fauzi Daffa Naufalian , Saputra Bagus , Riniarti Melya , Duryat Duryat , Suri Intan Fajar , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: October 2024

The wood sawing industry generates significant waste, consisting of wood chips, wood scraps, and sawdust. This research aims to evaluate the effect of rubber wood sawdust addition on the moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength of paving blocks. The study was conducted in August–September 2023, starting with preparing raw materials, composition planning, and test specimen fabrication. The parameters in this study included density testing, moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength. The density test results for treatments P0 were 1.11 g/cm3, P1 1.09 g/cm3, P2 1.07 g/cm3, P3 1.08 g/cm3, and P4 1.09 g/cm3. The moisture content test yielded values of 11.38% for P0, 12.56% for P1, 12.94% for P2, 13.24% for P3, and 13.80% for P4. The water absorption capacity values obtained were, for P0, 5.17%; P1, 5.40%; P2, 6.36%; P3, 8.11%; and P4, 9.27%. Compressive strength tests produced values for P0 at 7.19 N/mm2, P1 at 5.67 N/mm2, P2 at 4.22 N/mm2, P3 at 3.48 N/mm2, and P4 at 3.07 N/mm2. The addition of rubber wood sawdust to paving blocks significantly influences density, moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength values. Keywords: Composition, Compressive strength, Paving block, Sawdust waste.
CHILDREN'S ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN AN INDONESIAN FAMILY: PERSPECTIVES FROM LANGUAGE POLICY
Authors: Astutik Astutik , Suryanto Bradhiansyah Tri
Published: October 2024

The primary purpose of this research is to find out the English language acquisition of children in Indonesian families. More specifically, this research analyzes the role of parents in children's acquisition of foreign language skills. The object of this research was taken from one of the families in the city of Probolinggo. The method used is Narrative Inquiry. Information was received through participant statements and interviews. It was analyzed using an inductive evaluation technique, including studying the transcript several times and identifying texts associated with the study's targets and observations. The results of this study reveal 3 points, namely parents' experiences, challenges faced by parents, and language policies.
A STUDY OF SCIENCE STUDENTS' MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) AT THE DARUL HIKMAH LANGUAGE DORMITORY
Authors: Yulianti Erma , Suryanto Bradhiansyah Tri
Published: October 2024

Motivation is an essential factor in teaching and learning activities. English is learned as a foreign language and is essential in every aspect, especially education. The researcher explored this study because he saw the enthusiasm of science students toward English. The purpose of this research is to find out what motivation the students majoring in science have. This research uses a descriptive qualitative design. In this study, the researcher examined two 32 students majoring in IPA MAN 1 Probolinggo d in learning English as a foreign language at the Darul Hikmah language dormitory: extrinsic motivation Data were collected through observation and interviews with ten questions to the participants. The researcher analyzed the data using the thematic analysis method. Based on the findings, the results of this study show that students have good extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. The extrinsic motivation possessed by students in this study is encouragement from parents, the desire to get a good job, and motivation from students of Darul Hikmah Islamic Boarding School who interact using English. For students, intrinsic motivation is the desire to interact fluently using English and open private lessons. In addition, the interview results show that the teacher's role also influences the students' learning process.
The effect of advertising television broadcast migration on the attitude of television users
Authors: Nurhadi Zikri Fachrul , Mujianto Haryadi , Tajkiatunnufus Taza
Published: October 2024

Background: This research was motivated by ratifying the Job Creation Law, which was related to implementing television broadcasts in Indonesia, which were initially analogue to digital. This transition has implications for the progress of the digital television broadcast industry in overcoming inefficiencies in the analogue TV broadcasts that have been used so far. Purpose: This study aims to assess how advertising affects viewers’ cognitive, emotional, and conative attitudes as it transitions from analogue to digital TV broadcasts in the media. Method: The research method uses descriptive methods with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques include distributing questionnaires and conducting literature studies. This research involved 100 respondents who were obtained using the probability sampling technique in the random sampling category. Results: The study’s findings indicate that the use of advertisements to promote the switch from analogue to digital TV broadcasts has a significant impact on the attitudes of television viewers in the Garut Regency with regard to cognition, affect, and conative thinking. These attitudes are demonstrated by the audience’s acceptance of new information or knowledge (cognitive), their feelings of trust following exposure to these advertisements (affective), and their desire to switch to digital TV broadcasts right away (conative). Conclusion: Indicators of advertising exposure through frequency, duration, and attention have a strong influence in influencing audiences, especially cognitive, affective, and conative aspects, where the information provided can provide new perceptions and knowledge for people who constantly see advertising broadcasts transitioning to digital TV broadcasts on television. Implications: The results of this research can provide understanding and insight regarding the transition to digital TV broadcasting and how important information is so that one day, television users who read the results of this research can pay attention to the advertisements shown on television to understand and implement the information they receive.
Közlekedésbiztonsági és Közlekedési Kultúra Index (KB-KKI), 2024
Authors: Szabó Andrea , Bíró József
Published: October 2024

A Közlekedéstudományi Egyesület megbízásából – a Közlekedési Kultúra Napja országos eseménysorozat keretében, annak tudományos megalapozása céljából – 1000 fős országosan reprezentatív telefonos kutatás készült 2024 tavaszán a magyarországi közlekedési kultúráról és a közlekedésbiztonság társadalmi megítéléséről. A kutatás keretében Magyarországon először került kísérleti jelleggel a Közlekedésbiztonsági és Közlekedési Kultúra Index (KB-KKI) kidolgozásra. Az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban több mint egy évtizede évről évre kiadottközlekedésbiztonsági kultúra index adaptációja során a kutatás készítői arra törekedtek, hogy a magyar közlekedési szokásokat figyelembe véve készítsék el saját első, kísérleti jellegű indexet.
Un análisis prospectivo sobre la industria de defensa europea y sus repercusiones en la española
Authors:   Profesor en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y en la Academia de las Ciencias y las Artes Militares, Fonfría Antonio , Vicente Oliva Silvia ,   profesora en la Universidad de Zaragoza
Published: October 2024

La nueva política de defensa de la Unión Europea (UE) impone la necesidad de que la industria europea de la defensa modifique sus estrategias, especialmente desde la invasión de Ucrania. Tanto la Comisión Europea como la Agencia Europea de Defensa (AED) tratan de impulsar una Base Industrial y Tecnológica de la Defensa (BITD) teniendo en cuenta varios aspectos, entre otros: la fragmentación de la oferta, las importantes ganancias de eficiencia que se pueden alcanzar y la posible autonomía estratégica de la UE. En el terreno industrial y, particularmente, en el tecnológico, ello va a modificar la morfología de la industria europea de defensa. Pero ¿hacia dónde se orientará la nueva industria? ¿Se reforzarán los oligopolios nacionales a la vez que nacerán otros europeos? A partir de un análisis empírico basado en entrevistas a expertos, este artículo se centra, como caso de estudio, en España y explora las repercusiones que ello tendrá en la industria española de defensa.
¿Unidos en la diversidad? Un modelo para medir la cultura política de defensa en Europa
Authors:   profesor ayudante doctor, Universidad de Granada, Bueno Alberto , Remiro Luis ,   investigador posdoctoral, Universidad de Barcelona
Published: October 2024

La evolución de la Política Común de Seguridad y Defensa (PCSD) de la Unión Europea (UE) cuestiona si las sociedades de los estados miembros comparten una cultura de defensa común o convergente. Sin embargo, problemas conceptuales y metodológicos identificados en la literatura existente dificultan la medición de este fenómeno. Por ello, este artículo propone un nuevo modelo para medir la cultura política de defensa europea a partir de un análisis factorial mixto. Además, con base en diversos eurobarómetros, describe las actitudes actuales de la ciudadanía europea hacia la defensa y el impacto de la guerra en Ucrania. Las conclusiones apuntan, por un lado, a la existencia de diversas subculturas políticas de defensa dentro de la UE; y, por el otro, a varias fortalezas metodológicas, pero también limitaciones, a causa de los datos de los eurobarómetros disponibles.
Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelegence (AI) pada Proses Pembelajaran di Madrasah Aliyah Bulukunyi
Authors: Nurqadriani  , Muh. Nurfithri D.  , Saharuddin  , Yulianti
Published: October 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Madrasah Aliyah Bulukunyi dari Bulan Mei hingga Juli 2024 dalam rangka meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan peserta didik dalam pemanfaatan AI dalam proses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi permasalahan, ditemukan data bahwa tingkat pemahaman peserta didik terhadap pemanfaatan AI dalam proses pembelajaran masih minim. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pelatihan dengan beberapa tahapan, yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap persiapan, dilakukan identifikasi kebutuhan melalui survei awal dan pengembangan materi pelatihan. Tahap pelaksanaan melibatkan penyampaian pemahaman dasar tentang AI, penggunaan aplikasi berbasis AI, demonstrasi penerapan AI dalam pendidikan, dan forum diskusi. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui observasi langsung dan kuesioner umpan balik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik sangat terlibat dalam proses pelatihan, dengan partisipasi aktif yang tinggi dalam menjawab dan mengajukan pertanyaan serta mengemukakan pendapat. Kuesioner umpan balik menunjukkan kepuasan yang tinggi terhadap kesesuaian materi, kualitas penyampaian, relevansi materi dengan praktik di lapangan, dan fasilitas pelatihan. Kesimpulannya, kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan keterlibatan dan pemahaman peserta didik tentang pemanfaatan AI dalam pembelajaran. Rekomendasi untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut meliputi peningkatan fasilitas pelatihan dan pengadaan pelatihan lanjutan untuk memperdalam pengetahuan peserta didik.
Static mechanical properties and damage evolution characteristics of selected rocks in diversion tunnel under uniaxial loading
Authors: Yang Rongzhou , Xu Ying , Lai Yonghui , Ni Suqian , Feng Fengfeng
Published: October 2024

An in-depth understanding of the mechanical properties and damage and fracture mechanism of selected rocks in a diversion tunnel plays an important role in promoting the efficient construction and safety of rock blasting excavation in a diversion tunnel. To study the mechanical properties and damage evolution characteristics of selected rocks in diversion tunnels under uniaxial loading, the uniaxial compression and uniaxial splitting tests of granite and tuff were carried out. In terms of mechanical properties, the evolution characteristics of complete stress-strain curves, instantaneous modulus-strain curves, and input energy density-strain curves were analyzed. In the aspect of damage characteristics, the macroscopic and mesoscopic failure modes were analyzed and the damage fracture mechanism was revealed. Compression-shear failure mainly occurred in granite and tuff under uniaxial compression, showing the characteristics of elastic-brittle fracture failure. Both granite and tuff showed a failure mode of coexistence of “compression-shear failure zone at the loading ends” and “tension-shear failure zone in the middle” under uniaxial splitting. The compression-shear fracture of granite was relatively smooth, and the matrix and mineral particles produced fine particles due to friction in the process of shear slip. The compression-shear fracture of tuff was relatively rough and the characteristics of shear slip were not prominent enough. The fracture failure of granite and tuff was mainly caused by the common fracture of rock matrix and mineral particles. Based on the Lemaitre equivalent strain principle, the pre-peak-post-peak two-stage damage constitutive model established by Weibull statistical distribution theory can accurately describe the static stress-strain relationships of granite and tuff under uniaxial compression.