bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging the Digital Gender Divide
Authors: Chandra Anjuli
Published: February 2022

Women empowerment as a concept was introduced at the International Women Conference in 1985 at Nairobi, but it is yet to be achieved. Living in 21st century where both the genders are being taught and trained on women empowerment all over the world, there is a massive divide and an evident gap, both in terms of power and resources given to the women. Women are lagging behind men in almost every area. This gap become bigger if one looks into the digital realms and digital professions where women do not have the equal accessibility, affordability, and ICT-based education as compared to their male counterparts. In this backdrop, the chapter, by utilizing various national and international reports and inquiring various factors of digital gender divide, is an attempt to shed sufficient light on this prerequisite for women empowerment. The chapter concludes with the way forward which will lead us to a more digitally gender inclusive and sustainably developed society.
Issues, Challenges, and Impact on Women Employment in Industry 4.0
Authors: Saini Nisha
Published: February 2022

Industry 4.0 will not only change the way we work, but it will also change the process and management of work. This will impact all the dimensions of the labour market. If we are enhancing the industry on one hand, we also need to think about upskilling of labour on the other hand. What kind of employment opportunities will it generate for the labour force? Will it solve the problem of unemployment of the people present in the developing and developed worlds? As purchasing power parity of people is equally important along with the production of goods, to what extents will Industry 4.0 be sustainable? The other factors we need to consider with these issues are cyber security, data protection, climate change, impact on women empowerment, and achieving gender balance in this sector of economy. This is what is explored in this chapter.
Gender, Leadership, and ICT
Authors: Bala Shashi , Khan Nimra
Published: February 2022

Mainstreaming women has been an agenda of the policymakers for long. The Beijing platform for action initiated this in 1995. Still, across the world, women have been denied expressing their potential in various forums. Though the glass ceiling has been crossed in many developing countries, we don't know at what social cost that glass ceiling has been crossed. Technology has played a vital role in effective communication to reach out to target groups, but it has also created a digital divide among the users for men and women. In this chapter, the authors analyze the significance of positive leadership in motivating inclusive growth and sustainable development. They present various case studies on leadership styles being adopted in various organizations that motivated women to be a part of the active labour market without facing any discrimination on the grounds of sex. They explore flexible working hours and the provision of institutes and infrastructure for a conducive working environment in this chapter.
Blockchain in Logistics and Supply Chain Monitoring
Authors: Reja Krati , Choudhary Gaurav , Shandilya Shishir Kumar , Sharma Durgesh M. , Sharma Ashish K.
Published: February 2022

Supply chain management (SCM) is a system to manage the flow of goods and services, and from transforming the raw into finished products, it has challenges that are needed to be achieved like good quality services to the consumer, reducing labor cost, etc. Industries need to digitize real assets and make distributed, immutable transactions possible to trace assets from manufacture to supply. To overcome the lack of transparency and traceability of the products in the enterprise resource planning system in supply chain (SC) and logistics issues, there is a solid need to employ a method that can efficiently track assets from production to supply decentralized, immutable records of all transactions. A blockchain (BC) is a decentralized software network that follows a digital ledger to exchange entities digitally and a way through which it makes secure transactions. Thus, this chapter proposes integrating BC in logistics and SC monitoring by giving a template on how Python and Flask can be used for BC with the SCM system to improve traceability without involving any intermediary.
Transformation of Asset Management Systems Through Blockchain
Authors: Agrawal Ankur , Bansal Swati , Agarwal Monica , Agarwal Reema , Tausif Mohammad Rumzi
Published: February 2022

The concept of blockchain is prevalent globally in today's times. It has shown remarkable growth and has shown a lot of achievement by executing systems of peer-to-peer cryptocurrency. The cryptocurrency was introduced in 2009 but created hype about digital currency around the world in 2017. Blockchain works on the concept of a “distributed ledger/database.” The transactions are recorded and replicated to all the participating parties chronologically. Blockchain has verified to be immutable and provides accountability, integrity, and quite a lot of confidentiality through a pair of private and public keys. Various sectors have started using blockchain due to its salient features. Asset management is also one of the areas where blockchain can reduce transaction costs, approval waiting time, and increase transparency. The complicated processes of asset management can be automated by unifying permissioned and permissionless blockchain. This chapter discusses how asset management firms can use blockchain opportunities to harness its benefits.
AI in Health and Diagnostics
Authors: Jodhwani Nidhi Ashokbhai , Ahir Sanketkumar Jagdishbhai
Published: February 2022

The chapter explores how artificial intelligence can be used in the healthcare sector, as monitoring of various parameters related to health is tremendously needed (i.e., early signs of any disease). Monitoring of these parameters can prove an important step to avert the development of ailment or illness in the human body as late diagnosis may lead to various grave effects on a patient's health. AI has reduced the burden on overworked medical and paramedical staff. AI-based devices are easy to use, mostly related to the gadgets we are using in daily life, and most importantly, they are another pair of eyes that never sleeps. The chapter describes various devices and the apps that are used for the purpose stated above and how they actually work. It describes the principle of working, sensors and technology used by them, and parameters measured by them.
Virtual Technical Aids to Help People With Dysgraphia
Authors: Kamal Navirah , Sharma Pragati , Das Rangana , Goyal Vipul , Gupta Richa
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, a deep study of dysgraphia and its various available technical aids is discussed. A person suffering from dysgraphia struggles to carry out day-to-day activities like schoolwork, paperwork, and other writing activities. A suitable aid is required to overcome the hurdles due to the suffering. This literature establishes the various effects of dysgraphia in adults and children. An analysis of various effective tools is carried out in the study. Some tools are directly designed to tackle the inconveniences that come along with this disability; others provide a more general aid for writing. The literature also identifies the patterns and quirks commonly found in the handwriting. Algorithms for handwriting recognition is discussed to lay the foundation of aids present for dysgraphia. The objective of the chapter is to provide foundation work to create aids for dysgraphia by categorizing the various related key points.
Programming During a Pandemic
Authors: Pickering Joseph
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an institutional case study on how one campus utilized programming and events during the pandemic to continue engagement with students. The chapter will review how the university helped students continue their connection virtually and in hybrid formats before returning to in-person activities in August 2020. The effective communication by the university, creative programming by staff, and resources provided by the university created an environment that limited student feelings of isolation and allowed them to maintain a connection with peers.
The Organizational Impact of Digital Adoption
Authors: Rosário Albérico Travassos
Published: February 2022

Diverse forms of digital innovations are at the forefront of transforming organizations, based on new digital technologies. Extant research has examined distinct themes such as gender equality in accessing digital technology, new methods on arts, health and education flexibility, just to mention a few. Nevertheless, existing research has not shown in full all the research streams, how they interplay with each other, and the potential knowledge development. Thus, a literature review on digital adoption on organizations in this post-COVID world is opportune. This chapter aims at identifying research trends in the field through a systematic bibliometric literature review (LRSB) of research on digital adoption. The review involves 55 documents indexed in the Scopus database. It follows that digital adoption results from the organizational ability to adopt and use appropriate technologies based on their business processes and needs.
Digital Technologies in Italian Cultural Institutions
Authors: Federici Daniela , Parisi Valentino
Published: February 2022

The application of digital technologies plays a crucial role in offering solutions to enhance the economic potential of the cultural sector, through new modalities for distribution and reception of cultural experiences. The question of whether and how ICT adds value to collections, museums, and cultural sites and promotes access and communication with users/visitors is an open one. This chapter aims to provide empirical evidence on the effects of technological innovations in the economic performance of cultural institutions. To this end, the authors use data of Italy's statistical office covering the universe of Italian cultural organizations in the year 2018. The findings suggest that new digital technologies play a role in enhancing the value and relevance of cultural heritage and its influences over the socio-economic context.
The Elements of Intelligent Business Analytics
Authors: Sun Zhaohao , Pambel Francisca , Wu Zhiyou
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores the elements of intelligent business analytics and addresses the following research questions: What are the elements, principles, technologies, and tools of intelligent business analytics? How can one incorporate the latest intelligent technologies into business analytics? This research highlights that big data and big DIKIW are the elements for intelligent business analytics; big data analytics and intelligent big data analytics and big DIKIW and intelligent big DIKIW analytics are the foundation of intelligent business analytics; the principles, technologies, and tools of intelligent business analytics are emerging strategic sources for organizations and individuals in the competitive global environment. This chapter presents a framework for DIKIW-driven intelligent business analytics through incorporating DIKIW analytics into intelligent business analytics. The proposed approach might facilitate research and development of intelligent business, big data analytics, business intelligence, AI, and data science.
A Graduate Education First Course Model in the Virtual For-Profit University
Authors: Myers Susan A.
Published: February 2022

A model for the initial course in a virtual graduate program to encourage skill development and retention is presented. The objective of the course is to deliver education that supports learners in their introduction to online graduate education in an innovative, engaging, and supportive manner that encourages retention and connection with the education institution. The elements of the course and learner support staff are described. The importance of beginning the development of a professional identity is discussed. Connecting with university services and supports such as the library is discussed. Elements for implementing the course are described. The chapter concludes with comments from those completing the course.
The Gig-Juggler
Authors: Nassen Lana
Published: February 2022

This chapter will introduce the part-time online for-profit faculty member who has carved out a full-time (or more) work life teaching for these institutions. Who are they, and do they fit the profile of a traditional adjunct or contingent faculty member? Specific challenges and experiences of the part-time faculty member will be presented, and suggestions for leadership will be offered. The voices in this chapter are those of part-time faculty who teach in two or more online for-profit universities, with PhDs, professional licenses, and extensive work experience.
Development-Oriented Approaches to Humanitarian Responses
Authors: Gülseven Yahya
Published: February 2022

As humanitarian crises have become increasingly protracted, strengthening the collaboration between development and humanitarian aid actors has been identified as a priority by the donor community, popularized in the concept of the humanitarian-development nexus (HDN). In recent years, aid practices based on the HDN approach have emerged increasingly in response to humanitarian crises. The remarkable thing about these aid practices is that donors try to address humanitarian crises by developing projects and programs aimed at equipping humanitarian victims with specific technical and vocational skills and integrating them into the labor market through value chains. Incorporating humanitarian crisis victims into labor markets according to the needs and demands of capital has recently been the main concern of the international donor community. This chapter aims to provide insights into the role and relevance of the development-oriented humanitarian responses in the attempts to incorporate humanitarian victims into the exploitative global capitalist relations at the global level.
The Triple Entente in Brazil
Authors: Hedlund André
Published: February 2022

This chapter aims to discuss the current scenario of Brazilian English language professional development opportunities through the lens of two organizations: Brazil's English Language Teachers (BrELT), an online learning community, and the Brazilian Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (BRAZ-TESOL). The third perspective of PD will be described through the role of an emerging trend in the last decade: bilingual education solutions and their ongoing mentoring programs. These three levels of PD are quite representative of what is done in Brazilian in-service training and can offer insightful lessons to other countries. BrELT symbolizes the more informal, free-adherence type of PD through an online community. BRAZ-TESOL requires a paid membership and offers more formal PD opportunities to teachers as well as the possibility of joining chapters and SIGs. Bilingual programs such as Edify make on-demand mentorship available to private school teachers who adopt the program.
Learning During Emergency Remote Teaching in Portugal
Authors: Cardoso Paula , Morgado Lina , Paiva Ana , Paz João , Mendes Elisabete , Loureiro Ana , Messias Inês , Oliveira Nuno R , Runa Ana Isabel , Seco Carlos , Pereira Hugo , Vieira Márcia de Freitas
Published: February 2022

This chapter will address results of LE@D's project “Teaching in Times of Emergency: Digital Transition,” which focused on the experience of rapid digital transition to an “emergency teaching,” a scenario quite different from distance education. Through a mixed methods approach, data was collected through an online questionnaire applied to students and videoconference interviews conducted with both higher education faculty and students. Participants in this research are students and faculty from eight Portuguese higher education institutions, four from universities (three public and one private) and four from polytechnic institutes (three public and one private), covering the regions of Lisbon and Tagus Valley, Alentejo and Algarve (Central and Southern Portugal). In this chapter, the authors present a preliminary analysis of the results obtained related to the psychological aspects experienced during this period, aiming at understanding the impact this shift has had on students' cognitive adaptation and social and emotional processes.
Connecting Students on Hospital Wards to Hospital Classrooms and the Community Using Video Conferencing Technologies
Authors: Maher Damian
Published: February 2022

Students in hospitals suffer disadvantages through being disconnected from educational opportunities. To limit lost opportunities, hospital schools are using video conferencing as a form of transformative pedagogy. There has been research published on linking students in hospitals to their home schools using video conferencing. There is limited research examining connecting students from the hospital ward to the hospital classroom and to the community. This chapter focuses on the use of video conferencing to facilitate interactions of students on hospital wards in support of their education. The research was undertaken in a children's hospital where an intervention was put in place to facilitate interactions between the hospital ward, classroom, and a community setting. The study utilises qualitative methodology employing direct observation, semi-structured interviews, and a questionnaire. Results of the study demonstrate that teachers were able to provide opportunities to support students to connect to the hospital classroom and to the wider community in ways that support learning.
Sustainable Development in the Context of Higher Education
Authors: Ujeyo Margaret Stella , Najjuma Rovincer
Published: February 2022

Education for sustainable development (ESD) is one of the multiple approaches advanced in the last two decades to address sustainability challenges affecting the world. While all types and levels of education have a role to play, higher education institutions are seen as the main drivers of change, but actions remain fragmented and inadequate. This chapter attributes this to inadequate knowledge about suitable approaches that would bring about transformation for sustainability. Premised on the transformative learning theory and adopting an integrative literature review method, this chapter attempts to bring together ESD appropriate programmatic and pedagogical approaches. Findings reveal the whole system, curriculum, and competence-based programmatic approaches blended with the adoption of learner-centered, holistic, integrative pedagogical approaches as the best for achieving the transformative purposes of ESD.
Mindful Minutes
Authors: Vallera Farah L. , Cui Yameng
Published: February 2022

The pandemic took a toll on everyone in the world. People's stress and anxiety levels rose, new fears emerged, and the isolation of quarantine impacted many individuals' mental health. The education field was particularly affected when students, staff, teachers, administrators, and families moved to remote instruction. Students were disrupted from their normal routines and getting them engaged in their learning was sent to the backburner in order for educators to meet the immediate needs of transitioning learning online. For adult learners, that stress was amplified and included managing families, job uncertainties and unemployment, and fear of getting sick or spreading the virus. This chapter will discuss how Mindful Minutes, a weekly modular activity designed to support subjective well-being, helped adult learners in an instructional design and technology program acquire and develop attitudes/beliefs related to content while dealing with the stress of remote instruction and the pandemic through active learning.
Mobilizing Research-Based Learning (RBL) in Higher Education
Authors: Bowyer Dorothea Maria , Akpinar Murat , Erdogan Aynur , Malik Khalida , Horky Florian
Published: February 2022

This chapter makes a case for the importance of research-based learning (RBL) from a comparative international point of view. It highlights traditions that have shaped RBL modules for universities, as suggested by cases in Finland, Australia, and Germany. Although the three institutions diverge in their histories and study programs, they include an element of RBL beyond the traditional research-driven thesis projects in undergraduate and postgraduate degrees. A combination of both collaborative auto-ethnographic narratives of academics and student perceptions assisted in capturing RBL as a transformative teaching strategy. RBL has proven to be a convenient toolkit to tackle current societal issues beyond academic endeavors. It is also a way to develop relevant skills for graduate employability in a digital world.
Recent Developments in Conventional Machining for Metals and Composite Materials
Authors: Madesh Soundarrajan , Charles Clement Christy Deepak , Sathishkumar D.
Published: February 2022

Application of novel engineering materials and advanced technology has been increasing tremendously in many industrial needs. Among those challenging manufacturing methods, conventional machining is one of the proven and prominent processes. Although, fast growing and newer developments in modern manufacturing industries are posses the tough fight on current requirements. On the other hand, continuously developing new technology and trends of advanced machining methods on modern technology for industries and academicians are not well established in the open web sources. Hence, this chapter will be eye opener for both industrialists and researchers about the various novel techniques, trends, and developments in conventional machining.
Effect of Tool Electrodes on Electrochemical Micromachining Processes
Authors: Geethapriyan T.
Published: February 2022

In this experiment, the work piece is electrochemically machined which finds its applications in brine heaters, heat exchangers, propeller shafts, and pumps. The process is carried out using sodium chloride electrolyte and copper beryllium wire as tool electrode which is heat treated in three different methods which are annealing, quenching, and normalizing. The response parameters like theoretical and experimental metal removal rate have been measured and studied by varying machining parameters like voltage, frequency, concentration of electrolyte, and duty cycle. Based on the values obtained from the experiment, it is found that quenched tool electrodes have better machining capabilities than the other heat-treated tool electrodes and untreated tool electrodes.
Dimensionality of Globalization, Global Governance, and Generational Sustainability
Authors: Ugoani John Nkeobuna Nnah , Ogu Uju Assumpta
Published: February 2022

Strengthening the governance of global interactions is crucial for making global and regional groupings significantly representative to provide legitimate global leadership. This advocacy would mean that the need exists for collaboration in a quest for global governance and generational sustainability. In other words, this requires democratic processes at all levels of political governance to provide global leaders the opportunity to galvanize global initiatives to overcome world challenges in preparing the ground for generational sustainability. The survey research design was adopted in this study, and the result showed positive association between globalization and generational sustainability. The study was not exhaustive due to the absence of current relevant literature in the areas. Therefore, further study could examine the need for democratic regional groupings as one measure of improving the architecture of global governance. Because of the relationship between globalization and generational sustainability, the anti-corruption crusade should be intensified around the world.
Representative Case-Based Retrieval to Support Case-Based Reasoning for Prediction
Authors: Mansoul Abdelhak , Atmani Baghdad
Published: February 2022

Case-based reasoning (CBR) is used to resolve a new problem by searching in past similar situations. It is widely used for prediction. However, CBR induces many shortcomings, particularly in its retrieval phase. Many methods and techniques were provided, but have influenced differently the effectiveness of the deduced results. Also, hybridizing different methods emerged to get a better information retrieval and this reasoning manner becomes a ubiquitous issue. The present study has as an objective lending support to CBR to enable enhanced retrieving valid prediction. For this purpose, the study proposes a methodology based on hybridizing data mining with CBR. Thereby, a data mining model is used and a reduced search space solution before processing a CBR's prediction retrieval is proposed. To assess the approach, a clustering was applied to a car safety data set to generate a reduced case base. Then CBR uses it for predicting the car safety. The results show a precision over 80% and an accuracy over 82%, which are well over the classical CBR and indicate the relevance of the approach.
The impact of geographic mobility on the spread of COVID-19 in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong Paulina Pui Yun , Low Chien-Tat , Lai Poh-Chin
Published: February 2022

The modern highly globalised economy is jeopardising human health as the increased mobility and interconnectedness has the potential to rapidly transmit pathogens across the globe. This was recently confirmed by the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, which quickly led to localised outbreaks in virtually every country. As the existing health systems were unprepared, the world has witnessed a critical shortage of life-supporting and health-sustaining resources. In the absence of effective non-pharmaceutical interventions to suppress the virus transmission, many governments imposed total or partial lockdowns, with devastating economic consequences. The case of Hong Kong in quickly suppressing the virus from spreading can thus be a lesson for all. In this study, open data sources of infected individuals are employed to compile maps of disease incidents at various geographic scales with the aim of better understanding the transmission dynamics and discern spatial variability. Our findings show that tracking human mobility patterns can improve awareness of spatiotemporal factors driving the risks of human exposure to viruses. Moreover, we have demonstrated that spatial tools can be successfully employed to explore connections between individuals and wider communities with the aim of informing adaptation of policies at different spatial scales and for different time periods. As was shown in the case of Hong Kong, disease control encompasses the interrelated tasks of reducing social interactions and encouraging adoption of protective behaviours.
Validity of the career embeddedness scale as predictor of affective commitment
Authors: Ferreira Nadia , Coetzee Melinde , Potgieter Ingrid
Published: February 2022

Orientation: In times of rapid change, organisations have a dire need for workers who remain psychologically attached and committed to their work for optimal sustainable organisational performance and survival.Research purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the construct validity of the Career Embeddedness Scale (CES) as predictor of individuals’ affective commitment.Motivation for the study: There is a paucity of research regarding the construct validity of the CES and whether it predicts an individual’s affective commitment.Research approach/design and method: The study involved a cross-sectional quantitative survey on a sample of employees in the services industry. The sample consisted of African (South African = 70% and Zimbabwean = 15%) and European (15%) participants (N = 290), with a mean age of 38.58 years.Main findings: Confirmatory factory analysis (CFA) analysis provided evidence of the construct validity of the CES in predicting affective commitment.Practical implications: The use of the CES measure of the degree to which organisational career support conditions fulfil individuals’ psychological career needs potentially provides opportunity for engagement with the organisation and individual on career development issues in response to workplace changes that potentially affect employees’ psychological attachment to the organisation.Contribution/value-add: The study contributed to the career development research literature by providing valuable psychometric information on the CES and its application in the person–environment (P–E) fit theory and work context.
Safety and Efficacy of Low-dose Selective Spinal Anesthesia with Bupivacaine and Fentanyl as Compared to Intravenous Sedation and Port-Site Infiltration for Outpatient Laparoscopic Tubal Ligation
Authors: Sarkar Priyasmita , Singh Yudhyavir , Patel Nishant , Kumar Shailendra , Khanna Puneet , Kashyap Lokesh , Subramaniam Rajeshwari
Published: February 2022

Background:

Selective spinal anesthesia has been safely applied for short-duration outpatient gynecological laparoscopic procedure. However, this anesthesia technique is often inadequate and not tolerated by awake patients due to pneumoperitoneum and visceral manipulation.

Aims:

We aimed to conduct a study to compare spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine, fentanyl, and i.v. sedation with i.v. sedation and laparoscopic port-site infiltration with local anaesthetic in outpatient laparoscopic tubal ligation procedures.

Settings and Design:

100 female patients posted for elective surgeries were recruited for a prospective single blind randomised control trial in a tertiary care center in two groups.

Materials and Methods:

In Group S, patients receive intrathecal 3 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% plus 20 microgram fentanyl along with intravenous (i.v.) fentanyl at 1μg.kg-1.h-1 and in Group C i.v. fentanyl at 1μg.kg-1.h-1 along with laparoscopic port site infiltration with 0.5% bupivacaine. Postoperatively, overall patient satisfaction, visual analog score (VAS) score, duration of motor blockade, sensory blockade, and time to attain discharge criteria and any adverse.

Statistical Analysis:

Continuous variables between the groups were compared by the independent t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum. Chi-square and Fisher exact test used for the categorical value.

Results:

Overall VAS was significantly lower and patient satisfaction was higher in Group S than Group C. Time to oral intake was significantly prolonged in Group C 126.33 (±29.54) compared to group S 110.81 (±29.54). The requirement of total rescue analgesia (fentanyl) was significantly higher in Group C 2.0 (±0.6) μg.kg-1 compared to group S 0.79 (±0.53) μg.kg-1. Incidence of postoperative nausea vomiting (PONV) was significantly greater in Group C while incidence of pruritus was significantly greater in Group S.

Conclusion:

Low-dose intrathecal anesthesia with 3 mg bupivacaine and 20 μg fentanyl provided better analgesia, patient satisfaction and with less opioids consumption.
Manifestation of Neurological Symptoms in Patients with Severe Covid-19 in the Intensive Room
Authors: Sarongku Tommy , Widyantara I Wayan , Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu Putri
Published: February 2022

Background:

In addition to causing respiratory problems, patients with COVID-19 infection also present with neurological symptoms. We report neurological symptoms in a patient with severe COVID-19 infection admitted to the intensive care unit.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a descriptive observational study from the patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) from October 2020 to September 2021 with neurological symptoms. Inclusion criteria for participants were patients who were confirmed positive for COVID-19 from the results of the nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swab, with neurological symptoms that appeared less ≤5 days before the results of the COVID-19 PCR swab were confirmed. Exclusion criteria were patients with negative PCR swab results, patients presenting with neurological symptoms >5 days before confirmed PCR, and patients with previously known neurological disorder.

Results:

A total of 160 COVID-19 patients were admitted to the ICU with neurological symptoms, consisting of 99 males (61.9%) and 61 females (38.1%). A total of 35 patients (21.9%) complained of headache, nine patients (5.6%) complained of vestibular disturbances, 23 patients (14.4%) with seizures, 88 patients (55%) with decreased consciousness (encephalopathy), nine patients with intracranial infection, 67 patients (41.9%) with stroke, and nine patients (5.6%) with movement disorders.

Conclusion:

The most common neurological symptom in severe COVID-19 patients treated in our ICU was decreased consciousness, followed by stroke and headache. Neurological symptoms found in patients with severe COVID-19 infection can be caused by direct viral infection or indirectly through the mechanism of severe hypoxia due to respiratory failure.
Treating Vaginal Relaxation Syndrome Using Erbium
Authors: Setyaningrum Trisniartami , Tjokroprawiro Brahmana Askandar , Listiawan M. Yulianto , Santoso Budi , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit
Published: February 2022

Objectives:

Vaginal relaxation syndrome (VRS) comprises vaginal laxity and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Laser vaginal tightening (LVT) therapy using a fractional erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) 2.940 nm laser may represent a nonsurgical option for both complaints. This study evaluates the effectiveness and side effects of fractional Er:YAG laser therapy in VRS patients. The improvement in VRS was evaluated.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study analyzing the medical records of patients treated with fractional Er:YAG laser therapy in our private clinic in Surabaya, Indonesia. Objective questions were asked to rate patients’ satisfaction with the results of the therapy, namely dissatisfaction, and mild, moderate, or strong satisfaction. Statistical analysis used, data were input into tables in Microsoft Excel.

Results:

Twenty-four VRS patients (54% with vaginal laxity, 33% with SUI, and 13% with vaginal laxity and SUI) were studied. Most of the patients were 36–45-year-old and had 2 children, and 79% of the patients had had a vaginal delivery. After 3 LVTs, mild satisfaction was observed in 15% of patients, moderate satisfaction was noted in 54% of patients, and high satisfaction was noted in 31% of patients. Among 11 patients with SUI, 36% recovered after the first LVT, and 100% recovered after the second LVT therapy. One patient experienced mild fluor albus as a side effect.

Conclusion:

LVT therapy with a fractional Er:YAG laser was determined to be effective and safe as a treatment for VRS.
Secular trends and related factors in leisure-time sedentary behavior among Koreans: an analysis of data from the 2011-2017 Korea Community Health Survey
Authors: Seo Hyun-Ju , Choi Min-Jung , Ahn Soon-Ki
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES: Sedentary behavior has gradually increased and has become a public health problem. Therefore, this study investigated trends in weekday leisure-time sedentary behaviors, as well as characteristic socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates in Korean adults.METHODS: We analyzed data from 914,946 adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the Korea Community Health Survey (2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017). Leisure-time sedentary behavior was categorized as a binary variable (<4 and ≥4 hr/day). Multivariable regression analysis was used to model the prevalence of sedentary behavior and estimate odds ratios.RESULTS: The prevalence of leisure-time sedentary behavior decreased from 15.2% to 14.4% in men and from 16.6% to 16.0% in women between 2011 and 2017, respectively. However, a significant increase was observed in subjects with an education lower than high school in both genders (β coefficient=0.12 for men and 0.08 for women, p for trend <0.001). Women in the lowest household income level (β coefficient=0.08, p for trend=0.001) and with poor subjective health status (β coefficient=0.05, p for trend=0.013) showed an increasing trend. Other factors associated with sedentary behavior were age, education level, body mass index, household income, walking activity, perceived stress level, and subjective health status in both genders.CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the secular trends and correlates of sedentary behavior by gender and associated factors will provide empirical evidence for developing public health campaigns and promotion programs to reduce sedentary behavior in Koreans.
A Concordance Study of COMLEX-USA and USMLE Scores
Authors: Barnum Stuart , Craig Brandon , Wang Xaolin , Sandella Jeanne , Tsai Tsung-Hsun , Boulet John , Wang Yi
Published: February 2022

Background

Under the single GME accreditation system, residency programs receive applicants from MD- and DO-granting medical schools, each of which have their own set of licensing examinations, making concordance studies increasingly relevant. Previous studies comparing Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination of the United States (COMLEX-USA) and United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) scores have been limited in sample size and examinee composition and have yielded comparisons that may not be generalizable across all applicants. Some osteopathic medical students take USMLE in addition to COMLEX-USA, often at considerable cost and effort, with the aim of making themselves more desirable to potential residency programs. Having more reliable comparisons of COMLEX-USA and USMLE scores would allow program directors to better estimate a score on the alternate examination.

Objective

To derive an accurate concordance between COMLEX-USA and USMLE scores, based on a large sample of osteopathic students who took both examinations.

Methods

Five colleges of osteopathic medicine, representing various regions of the United States, participated in this study. The data included demographics and COMLEX-USA and USMLE scores from September 2015 through August 2020 for students who took both examinations. We derived the concordance between COMLEX-USA and USMLE scores using equipercentile matching.

Results

Comparisons of demographic characteristics showed only minor differences between the sample and the overall population for COMLEX-USA takers, although scores for the study sample were, on average, greater.

Conclusions

A strong association exists between the scores on the COMLEX-USA and USMLE examinations, allowing prediction of performance on USMLE from COMLEX-USA.
Understanding the Influence of the Junior Attending Role on Transition to Practice: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Dunbar-Yaffe Richard , Wu Peter E. , Kay Tatjana , Mylopoulos Maria , McDonald-Blumer Heather , Gold Wayne L. , Stroud Lynfa
Published: February 2022

Background

The Junior Attending (JA) role is an educational model, commonly implemented in the final years of training, wherein a very senior resident assumes the responsibilities of an attending physician under supervision. However, there is heterogeneity in the model's structure, and data are lacking on how it facilitates transition to independent practice.

Objective

The authors sought to determine the value of the JA role and factors that enabled a successful experience.

Methods

The authors performed a collective case study informed by a constructivist grounded theory analytical approach. Twenty semi-structured interviews from 2017 to 2020 were conducted across 2 cases: (1) Most Responsible Physician JA role (general internal medicine), and (2) Consultant JA role (infectious diseases and rheumatology). Participants included recent graduates who experienced the JA role, supervising attendings, and resident and faculty physicians who had not experienced or supervised the role.

Results

Experiencing the JA role builds resident confidence and may support the transition to independent practice, mainly in non-medical expert domains, as well as comfort in dealing with clinical uncertainty. The relationship between the supervising attending and the JA is an essential success factor, with more productive experiences reported when there is an establishment of clear goals and role definition that preserves the autonomy of the JA and legitimizes the JA's status as a team leader.

Conclusions

The JA model offers promise in supporting the transition to independent practice when key success factors are present.
Deposição de nitrogênio e influência das copas das árvores no efluxo de C-CO2 no solo
Authors: Cabreira Wilbert Valkinir , Santana João Elves da Silva , Moreira Ramon Pittizer , Mendonça Victória Maria Monteiro , Balieiro Fabiano de Carvalho , Pereira Marcos Gervasio
Published: February 2022

O aumento na deposição atmosférica de nitrogênio ao longo dos anos pode afetar a ciclagem biogeoquímica pela atuação da microbiota do solo. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da deposição de N além das áreas das copas das árvores no efluxo de C-CO2 do solo. Foram selecionadas quatro espécies arbóreas em campo aberto, sendo para cada uma destas selecionados três indivíduos e avaliado o efluxo de C-CO2 do solo sob suas copas com e sem a presença de nitrato de amônio (NH4NO3). Essas foram comparadas com áreas de gramíneas (Paspalum notatum Flüggé). A adição do NH4NO3 induziu mudança na inclinação das retas que descrevem o efluxo de C-CO2 do solo para áreas sob (105%) e fora das copas das árvores (70%). A área sob copa de Inga laurina foi a única a apresentar menor efluxo de C-CO2. Conclui-se que a deposição anual de N inorgânico no estado do Rio de Janeiro (9,6 kg N ha-1) intensifica o efluxo de C-CO2 no solo e que espécies arbóreas com áreas de copa com maiores dimensões, como I. laurina, propiciam uma redução desse efluxo.
CAD System for Liver Diseases using Histological and Imaging features
Authors: Pradeep Kumar Gaur Gurdeep Singh,
Published: February 2022

The current work for characterization of liver disease has been carried out using histological and imaging data. The BUPA liver disorders dataset created by University of California, Irvine has been considered as histological data. The ultrasound images of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and Hemangioma (HEM) lesions were taken from ultrasoundcases.info. Laws ‘texture features were extracted from these images using Laws’ masks of length 3. In CAD system design 1, histological classification of liver diseases has been carried out using SVM classifier. In CAD system design 2, liver disease classification has been carried out using imaging features.
Teknologi Tepat Guna, Upaya Meningkatkan Tingkat Perekonomian Masyarakat Desa Bale
Authors: Sa’adiyyah Ade Millatus
Published: February 2022

The aim of the Community Service Program Community Work and Community Empowerment Study Program (KKN-PPM) is to provide counseling to residents of Bale Kambang Village, Mancak District, Serang Regency. The problem faced in Bale Kambang Village is about rubbish, rubbish produced from households and plants around the house, ie the community does not know about processing to compost using the Takakura method so that it can ultimately increase community productivity and well-being that has value selling. The methods of implementing this service are (1) survey through initial observation, problem analysis, interviews, and documentation. (2) Counseling for composting using the Takakura method. This community service program is expected to provide additional knowledge to the community and to provide added value about composting using the Takakura method which is very simple and can have selling points to increase the welfare of the community, so that Bale Kambang Village in Mancak District can be made into a clean village and its people are clean. skilled and have high productivity.
Peningkatan Potensi Daerah dan Pemasaran Golok di Desa Kramat Laban Kecamatan Padarincang
Authors: Sulistyo Arif Budi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of Community Service Programme of “Kuliah Kerja Mahasiswa’ is improving village strength and machete’s marketing in Kramat Laban. The machete’s craftsmen are the object of this community services. By SWOT analysis we could find several problems which is caused by internal weakness and external threat. Method of community services is survey by watching, interview and problem and village potency analysis. The problem such as limited marketing, traditional tools and process, and competition goods with others region. Some proposal and suggestion has been raised and we expect after implemented could result marketing improvement, sale value of machete product, and welfare of craftsmen will be increased and so is Kramat Laban resident.
Pengenalan Flashcard sebagai Media untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Saputri Sisca Wulansari
Published: February 2022

Learning abilities so that they can stimulate or encourage the learning process to be more interesting. flashcard is a media that helps in remembering and reviewing learning materials such as: definitions or terms, symbols, spelling of foreign languages, formulas, and others. The purpose of this Community Service activity is to introduce the use of Flashcards in learning English specifically to improve the understanding of the English vocabulary of students and students at SATAP SMPN 2 Kepuh, Kec. Pincincang. Community service activities by providing socialization of the application of flashcard media in learning English in order to improve the students' cognitive abilities and stimulate students to think creatively have been carried out properly. With good cooperation between the implementation team and partners, this community service activity will run as expected. With this service, teachers are expected to be able to implement flashcard media in English, as well as students can understand so that they can improve their cognitive abilities in learning English.
KULIAH KERJA MAHASISWA (KKM) di MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 SEBAGAI SALAH SATU BENTUK PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT
Authors: Tarigan Rehulina
Published: February 2022

The pandemic not only presents anxiety about health threats, but also the welfare of many employees due to layoffs. Some of small, medium and even large scale businesses were forced to go out of business. Universita Banten Jaya immediately responded positively to the impact that emerged in the community due to the Covid-19 pandemic by holding a Student Work Lecture with the theme "Increasing Community Productivity During the Covid 19 Period". With the Student Creativity Program scheme, students are expected to be able to actualize their ability to contribute to increasing productivity and even people's income by providing education on how to do activities while adhering to health protocols, sharing knowledge on how to make products that are needed to protect and increase endurance such as making masks from cloth, hand sanitizer from aloe vera and ginger extract balm. It is hoped that by sharing this knowledge, people can remain productive and even open new businesses in terms of manufacturing these products to improve their economy. The method used is in the form of an explanation of how to manufacture it along with the tools and materials needed for the product mentioned above. The process of making is uploaded to social media in the form of a video so that it can be accessed by the wider community. It is hoped that more and more people will remain enthusiastic, productive and even pursue the manufacturing business of the above products to improve their economy and open up new jobs.