bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Experıance Of Tertıary Center For Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor: Whıch Factors Predıct Survival ?
Authors: Şahin Mustafa , Arslanca Tufan , Aslan Ferhat , Uçar Yeşim Özkaya , Güner Gülşah Tiryaki , Selçuk İlker , Yalçın Hakan Raşit
Published: April 2024

Background: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the clinical course and long-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT).
Methods: The study analyzed a cohort of AGCT patients with a median follow-up of 87 months. Data regarding disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), recurrence rates, and prognostic factors were collected and analyzed. Surgical interventions, including lymphadenectomy and cytoreductive surgery, were assessed for their impact on outcomes.
Results: The study revealed favorable long-term outcomes, with a 5-year DFS of 85% and a 10-year DFS of 83%. Additionally, a 5-year OS of 100% and a 10-year OS of 96% were observed. Recurrence occurred in 13.4% of cases, with advanced stage and positive peritoneal cytology identified as independent poor prognostic factors for DFS. Lymph node involvement was rare, and routine lymphadenectomy did not improve outcomes. Conservative surgery showed comparable DFS rates to definitive surgery in early-stage disease. However, cytoreductive surgery was crucial for advanced and recurrent tumors, with complete tumor resection enhancing survival outcomes.
Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of vigilant follow-up and individualized treatment strategies for AGCT patients. Despite the retrospective nature of the analysis, the substantial patient cohort and meticulous surgical interventions contribute valuable insights into AGCT management. Prospective multicenter studies are warranted to further elucidate prognostic factors and optimize treatment approaches for this rare malignancy.
Low erythropoietin to albumin ratio in the serum predicts less reversibility of renal impairment with poorer prognosis in multiple myeloma
Authors: Liu Ying , Bai Yanliang , Liu Xiaobo , Li Weiya , Wang Haoyan , Niu Junwei , Niu Xiaona , Xiao Xingjun , Chen Yuqing , Sun Kai
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Renal impairment (RI) is a common complication of Multiple myeloma (MM). It is worth noting that the irreversible and sustained decline in renal function in these patients not only seriously affects the optimal treatment options, but also leads to poor prognosis. Currently, there is a lack of a reliable laboratory index to predict whether renal function can be reversed. In this study, we investigated whether the serum erythropoietin (EPO) to albumin ratio can be used as an independent predictor of changes in renal injury after treatment in patients with MM.
Methods
52 MM-related RI patients were retrospectively divided into reversible and non- reversible groups according to whether they developed major renal response. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore potential predictors of reversibility of MM-related RI. ROC curves analyses were performed for EPO/albumin and other predictors to determine the best marker to predict reversibility of MM-related RI. The prognostic value of EPO/albumin was investigated by Kaplan-Meier analyses.
Results
We unexpectedly found serum albumin was higher in the non-reversible group than in the reversible group. Of note, the serum levels of albumin were negatively correlated with EPO in these patients. Importantly, EPO/albumin was an independent predictor of the reversal of MM-related RI. Also, EPO/albumin provided the highest predictive efficiency. When the higher and lower EPO/albumin groups were further defined, the former group exhibited a prolonged OS.
Conclusions
Serum EPO/albumin is useful for predicting reversibility of MM-related RI. Low EPO/albumin could predict less reversibility of RI with poorer prognosis in MM.
Different Secure Semi-quantum Summation Models without Measurement
Authors: Tian Yuan , Zhang Nanyijia , Ye Chongqiang , Bian Genqing , Li Jian
Published: April 2024

Secure semi-quantum summation entails the collective computation of the sum of private secrets by multi-untrustworthy and resource-limited participants, facilitated by a quantum third-party. This paper introduces three semi-quantum summation protocols based on single photons, where eliminating the need for classical users to possess measurement capabilities. Two-party protocol 1 and protocol 2 are structured upon different models: star and ring, respectively. The security analysis extensively evaluates the protocols' resilience against outside and inside attacks, demonstrating protocols are asymptotically secure. Protocol 3 extends two-party protocol 1 to multi-party scenarios, broadening its applicability. Comparison reveals a reduction in the workload for classical users compared to previous similar protocols, and the protocols' correctness are visually validated through simulation by Qiskit.
Energy Imports and Infrastructure in a Carbon-Neutral European Energy System
Authors: Neumann Fabian , Hampp Johannes , Brown Tom
Published: April 2024

Importing renewable energy to Europe offers many potential benefits, including reduced energy costs, lower pressure on infrastructure development, and less land-use within Europe. However, there remain many open questions: on the achievable cost reductions, how much should be imported, whether the energy vector should be electricity, hydrogen or hydrogen derivatives like ammonia or steel, and their impact on Europe's domestic energy infrastructure needs. This study integrates the TRACE global energy supply chain model with the sector-coupled energy system model for Europe PyPSA-Eur to explore scenarios with varying import volumes, costs, and vectors. We find system cost reductions of 1-14%, depending on assumed import costs, with diminishing returns for larger import volumes and a preference for methanol, steel and hydrogen imports. Keeping some domestic power-to-X production is beneficial for integrating variable renewables, utilising waste heat from fuel synthesis and leveraging local sustainable carbon sources. Our findings highlight the need for coordinating import strategies with infrastructure policy and reveal maneuvering space for incorporating non-cost decision factors.
The Role of NK cells in Novel Nomogram Predicting Radiation Pneumonitis in LS-SCLC
Authors: Xin Wanlu , Dong Lei , Li Xindi , Bai Yan , Yue Dan , Quan Xiaoyue , Liu Min , Fan Xia , WU Hongfen , Liu Shixin
Published: April 2024

Background
Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a common complication in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) undergoing radiotherapy, and its occurrence is directly linked to the dosage received. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the predictive significance of the proportion of natural killer (NK) cells within the overall immune cell population in individuals with limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) undergoing radical radiotherapy.
Method
Participants included in a retrospective study at Jilin Cancer Hospital between 2019 and 2020 were individuals diagnosed with LS-SCLC who underwent radiation therapy. Statistical analysis encompassed an independent sample t-test or the Mann-Whitney-U test. The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis, and a predictive model using 'R' version 4.3.2 was constructed. The model's accuracy was assessed through ROC curves, AUC, and calibration curve. Additionally, the model's clinical relevance was evaluated through clinical decision curves and clinical impact curves.
Result
A total of 123 subjects were included. RP was observed in 25 individuals (20.3%). Results from the univariate analysis indicated that RP was significantly associated with the maximum esophageal dose (MXED), the mean ipsilateral lung dose (MILD), and the maximum ipsilateral lung dose (MXILD) (P < 0.01). Moreover, there were significant correlations between RP and the level of NK cells in the total immune cell population as well as response evaluation in the univariate analysis (all P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis further confirmed the significance of the level of NK cells proportion, MILD, and response evaluation in predicting RP. These factors were then utilized to construct a predictive nomogram model for RP.
Conclusion
NK cells can reflect inflammatory and tumor microenvironments. The proportion level of NK cells in overall immune cell population can serve as a predictive factor for radiation pneumonitis in LS-SCLC patients undergoing thoracic radiation. A nomogram incorporating the proportion level of NK cells in the immune cell population holds potential for future clinical applications.
Analysis of Magnetic fluid based porous rough short bearing with viscosity variation and elastic deformation
Authors: Patel Jimit R. , Deheri G. M.
Published: April 2024

The investigation of the elastic deformation effect in a porous, rough, short bearing lubricated by a ferrofluid and taking the effect of viscosity variation has been explored. The study adopted Rosensweig's viscosity expression to assess the impact of viscosity variation and Neuringer-Rosensweig's model for magnetic fluid flow. An averaged stochastic modified Reynolds equation has been derived to calculate pressure distribution as a function of elastic deformation, viscosity variation, porosity, and aspect ratio parameters followed by load calculation. The analysis of Load Carrying Capacity (LCC) has been presented in graphical forms, taking into account various bearing parameters. The findings indicate that the LCC can be enhanced by increasing magnetization and viscosity variation choosing a suitably aspect ratio parameter. However, the LCC is reduced with increasing elastic deformation, roughness and porosity parameters. But the load bearing capacity gets reduced by the combined effect of porosity, transverse roughness and deformation. However, the viscosity variation effect may retrieve the situation to a nominal extent when the deformation is less.
5,7- Dimethoxycoumarin Indirectly Enhances Insulin Release, But Directly Induces the Synthesis and Secretion of Amylin, 3 Times More Than Glimepiride
Authors: Ofodire Emeka , Ghasi Samuel , Mbah Anthony , Ugwu Edith U. , Mbah Theophilus O. , Mbaoji Emmanuel C. , Onah Ifeoma C.
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveOxidative stress decreases the ability of β-cells to secrete insulin through glucolipotoxicity of the pancreatic islets. Flavonoids modulate insulin and amylin secretion through mainly antioxidant activities. Coumarins isomers of flavonoids have direct effects on the cardiovascular system, not linked to antioxidant activities. This study aim to investigate in vivo the direct effects of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (Citropten) fractions present in grapefruit peel on insulin and amylin secretions in normal male Wistar rats.MethodsMethanol extract of grapefruit peels was fractionated using vacuum assisted liquid chromatography with n-Hexane, Ethyl acetate and Methanol. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analysis reported ethyl acetate fraction with highest concentration (85.66%) of 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin. Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test was performed on 5 sets of 5 rats receiving intraperitoneally: 1) negative control, 1ml of sterile water 2) positive control, 0.2mg/kg glimepiride, 3) ethyl acetate fraction containing 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, 4) methanol fraction containing 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin 5a)1ml H2O2(0.6%, 6%) plus 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, and 5b)1000mg/kg Vitamin C plus 20mg/kg 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin.ResultsResults showed Ethyl acetate fractions containing 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg dimethoxycoumarin had comparable plasma glucose control with glimepiride. Both ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of 5,7- dimethoxycoumarin had indirect insulin secretion effect, but directly induced amylin synthesis and secretion 3-fold that of glimepiride.Conclusion5,7-dimethoxycoumarin will find special application in diabetics with chronic complications. Since the overall plasma glucose regulation is achieved through amylin and insulin synergy, attention should be shifted from insulin-based to amylin-based therapy, and also shifted from regulating blood glucose level to regulating its absorption in the GIT.
Nonlinear optimal control for VSI-fed six-phase PMSMs in the traction of electric vehicles
Authors: Rigatos Gerasimos , Abbaszadeh Masoud , Hamida Mohamed Assaad , Siano Pierluigi , Zoheir Tir
Published: April 2024

The need for high power in electric vehicles has motivated the use of multi-phase electric motors in the associated traction systems. In this article, a nonlinear optimal control approach is developed for voltage-source inverter-fed six-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors which can be used in electric vehicles' traction. The dynamic model of the VSI-fed six-phase PMSM undergoes approximate linearization around a temporary operating point that is recomputed at each time-step of the control method. The linearization is based on Taylor series expansion and on the associated Jacobian matrices. For the linearized state-space model of the system a stabilizing optimal (H-infinity) feedback controller is designed. This controller stands for the solution to the nonlinear optimal control problem under model uncertainty and external perturbations. To compute the controller's feedback gains an algebraic Riccati equation is repetitively solved at each iteration of the control algorithm. The stability properties of the control method are proven through Lyapunov analysis. The differential flatness properties of the state-space model of the six-phase PMSM are also proven, thus allowing to solve the setpoints definition problem in the motor's functioning. To estimate non-measurable state variables and to implement sensorless control for the dynamic model of the six-phase PMSMs, the H-infinity Kalman Filter is used as a robust state estimator. It is shown that under the proposed control scheme fast and accurate tracking of reference setpoints is achieved with moderate variations of the control inputs.
Economic Prosperity and Religion Nexus in Africa: Analysing the Innovation and Labor Market Channels
Authors: Adom Philip Kofi , Adams Samuel , Ashun Dorian
Published: April 2024

This study contributes to the literature on economic growth and religion by analyzing innovation and labor market channels in Africa. We adopt an innovative approach to controlling causal inference from religion to economic prosperity on the one hand and from religion to innovation and labor market participation on the other hand. Our approach involves using instrumental variables and addressing measurement errors and business cycle effects. Consistently, we demonstrate that there is a trade-off between the proliferation of the Christian religion and economic prosperity, and this finding is driven by the negative incentive to participate in labor markets and innovative processes among religious actors. Our findings underscore the significance of religion/culture in explaining innovation, labor market participation, and economic prosperity.
JEL Codes: O11, O47, O55, A14, B55
Lewy Body Formation through the lens of Cytokine-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease Development
Authors: Shafi Viqas
Published: April 2024

Background:
Understanding inflammation's role in Parkinson's disease (PD) is crucial for uncovering therapeutic targets and improving patient outcomes. Inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33, IFN-γ, and TNF-β contribute to neurodegeneration. Insights into inflammation's mechanisms may lead to disease-modifying treatments, aid in diagnosing PD, and inform the study of other neurodegenerative disorders. This study seeks to elucidate inflammation's impact on PD pathogenesis and identify potential therapeutic interventions.
Methods:
A comprehensive search encompassing databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, open access / subscription-based journals, was conducted to retrieve relevant articles for the investigation of the involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines in neuroinflammation and their impact on Parkinson's disease (PD) development in relation to Lewy Body formation. Articles were searched without any date restrictions. Utilizing the criteria delineated in the methodology section, studies were systematically reviewed to elucidate the relationship between pro-inflammatory cytokines and Parkinson's disease progression. This study adheres to relevant PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).
Results:
Dysregulation of inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33, IFN-γ, and TNF-β occurs in Parkinson's disease (PD). These cytokines contribute to neuroinflammation, disrupting neuronal homeostasis and promoting α-synuclein aggregation, leading to Lewy body formation. Activation of microglia and astrocytes initiates a cascade of events, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired protein clearance mechanisms. This cascade results in neuronal damage and dysfunction characteristic of PD. This study points to potential crosstalk between inflammatory pathways and α-synuclein pathology, further exacerbating neurodegeneration. Overall, the results underscore the critical role of inflammation in PD pathogenesis, highlighting the need for targeted anti-inflammatory therapies to mitigate neurodegeneration and alleviate PD symptoms.
Conclusion:
Inflammation involving TNF-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33, IFN-γ, and TNF-β disrupts neuronal homeostasis, fostering Lewy body formation in Parkinson's disease. Activation of microglia and astrocytes triggers neuroinflammation, exacerbating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and protein clearance impairment. This cascade of events leads to neuronal damage and α-synuclein aggregation. Consequently, PD symptoms arise from neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. Targeting cytokine-mediated inflammation offers a potential therapeutic strategy for PD, necessitating further research into its mechanistic intricacies.
A within-sample comparison of two innovative tests for assessing ADHD
Authors:   , Bülow Anna
Published: April 2024

New innovative neuropsychological tests in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD have been proposed as objective measures for diagnosis and therapy. The current study aims to inves- tigate two different commercial continuous performance tests (CPT) in a head-to-head comparison regarding their comparability and their link with clinical parameters. The CPTs were evaluated in a clinical sample of 29 adult patients presenting in an ADHD outpatient clinic. Correlational analyses were performed between neuropsychological data, clinical rating scales, and a personality-based mea- sure. Though inattention was found to positively correlate between the two tests (r = 0.49, p = 0.01), no association with clinical measures and inattention was found for both tests. While hyperactivity did not correlate between both tests, current ADHD symptoms were positively associated with Nesplora Aquarium’s motor activity (r = 0.52 to 0.61, p < 0.05) and the Qb-Test’s hyperactivity (r = 0.52 to 0.71, p < 0.05). Conclusively, the overall comparability of the tests was limited and correlation with clinical parameters was low. While our study shows some interesting correlation between clinical symptoms and sub-scales of these tests, usage in clinical practice is not recommended.
Case report: Diagnostic findings of bovine neurological cases at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory between January 2017 and May 2021
Authors: Villar David , Gomez-Beltrán David , Radke Scott , Schwartz Kent , Magstadt Drew
Published: April 2024

This study reviews the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (ISU-VDL) computer records of bovine neurological cases submitted from January 2017 to May 2021. There were 236 cases diagnosed as follows: listeriosis (83), polioencephalomalacia (44), thrombomeningoencephalitis (23), miscellaneous bacteria (22), lead toxicosis (21), nitrate toxicosis (18), urea toxicosis (9), nervous coccidiosis (5), hypomagnesemia (5), sodium toxicosis (3), rabies (1), herpesvirus type 6 (1), and epsilon toxin from Clostridium perfringens type D (1). Most histories did not provide specific descriptions of the type of neurological signs, which could better target diagnostic investigation. However, each condition had specific peculiarities relevant from a post-mortem diagnostic perspective. For listeriosis, confirmation of Listeria monocytogenes using IHC was considered superior to bacterial culture, with 16/19 (84%) positive by IHC compared to 23/59 (38.9%) of cases positive by culture. In 44/83 (53.0%) of cases, histopathological examination mentioned that cerebellum and cerebrum were unremarkable, implying that without submission of the entire brain, particularly brain stem and obex, listeriosis cannot be ruled out. In 44 cases histologically diagnosed as polioencephalomalacia, when ultraviolet light (Wood’s lamp) was performed, it revealed multifocal areas of apple-green autofluorescence in 13/21 (61.9%) of brains, indicating that false negatives can occur with this technique. A substantial number of submissions were toxicoses that required specific sample types to confirm a diagnosis. For lead, whole blood, liver or kidney was necessary. For nitrate and urea toxicosis, appropriate samples were ocular fluid or the incriminating feed/water source. Confirmation of sodium toxicosis relied on sodium analysis of brain tissue.
Influence of pre-weaning trace mineral exposure on subsequent performance and trace mineral status of beef calves during finishing
Authors: Neville Bryan W. , Baumgaertner Friederike , Pickinpaugh Wayde J. , Menezes Ana Clara B. , McCarthy Kacie L. , Undi Michael R. , Dahlen Carl R.
Published: April 2024

Objectives of these experiments were to 1) evaluate the accu­mulation of Co, Cu, Mn and Zn in liver tissue during the fin­ishing period of calves with or without previous mineral sup­plement exposure; and 2) evaluate the performance of calves provided either organic or inorganic sources of Co, Cu, Mn and Zn. One-hundred twenty steers of unknown mineral history, and 48 steers of known mineral history prior to weaning were comin­gled in experiment 1. Steers were allocated to pens and assigned to receive either an inorganic or organic trace minerals. For experiment 2, 83 steers with or without exposure to mineral supplements during gestation and the subsequent lactation, were utilized in a 181-d finishing experiment. ADG tended to be greater (P = 0.09) during the first 53 days on feed in calves provided organic trace minerals. Calves with trace mineral access prior to weaning were heavier at the time of feedlot arrival (P = 0.06), but not at slaughter (P = 0.37). Pro­viding access to mineral supplements to cow-calf pairs dur­ing grazing increased (P < 0.01) Cu and Co, but did not affect (P ≥ 0.29) Zn or Mn concentrations at feedlot arrival. Liver Cu status improved during backgrounding in steers fed the or­ganic trace minerals. For calves of known mineral history, providing access to mineral sup­plements during grazing, prior to weaning, had no impacts on subsequent gain or intake during growing and finishing. Providing organic forms of trace minerals tended to improve growth early in the feeding period.
The Effects of One-to-One Laptop Program on Help-Seeking and Homework Completion
Authors: Bisaillon Jérémie , Villeneuve Stéphane , Stockless Alain
Published: April 2024

Many students prefer to abandon rather than seek help during their homework. However, seeking support is recognized as an effective learning strategy to complete assignments. Technology-supported classroom could have a beneficial impact on this strategy and, therefore, on homework completion. This article aims to compare students from a one-to-one laptop program to others studying in a traditional classroom environment on their 1) help-seeking strategies and 2) homework completion frequency. Quantitative analyses tend to confirm the initial hypothesis. However, they reveal the necessity to sensitize students regarding the appropriate use of technological tools to ensure their beneficial impact on learning.
A Systematic Review of Counseling Effectiveness Research in Childhood Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors:   Korean Association of Family Therapy, Kim Seol Hee , Song Ji Sook
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify research trends and effect sizes of counseling for childhood social anxiety disorder. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by selecting 19 out of 7,169 articles on childhood social anxiety disorder in Korea applying the PICOTS framework. Results: First, the number of studies on the effectiveness of counseling for childhood social anxiety disorder has gradually increased since 2008, with the most published in the fields of psychology and counseling. Most studies were quasi-experimental designs, and the duration and frequency of counseling tended to be short, depending on the child's characteristics. Cognitive-behavioral approaches were the most common counseling intervention. Further, among studies with large effect sizes (Cohen's d), cognitive-behavioral therapy was the most common (50%), video feedback, gestalt, mindfulness, and self-compassion programs also had large effect sizes. Conclusions: This study concludes with suggestions for further research on counseling for childhood social anxiety disorder.
Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation of 4-(2-Aminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide Schiff Bases against Arboviruses
Authors: Nakahata Douglas , Corsino Carlos , de Morais Guilherme , Pereira Gabriele , Cruz Állefe , Pereira Douglas Henrique , Cassani Natasha , Ruiz Uriel Enrique , Santos Igor , Jardim Ana Carolina , Corbi Pedro
Published: April 2024

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of five Schiff bases derived from the reaction of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonamide (compound 1) with corresponding aldehydes, (benzaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 8-hydroxy2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde and 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde, for compounds 2-6, respectively). Characterization was performed by various spectroscopic techniques and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The crystal structures revealed how the substituent groups influenced the present supramolecular interactions. Compounds 1-4 and 6 showed no cytotoxicity to BHK-21 and VERO E6 cells at the highest concentration of 50 µmol L-1, while compound 5 was cytotoxic at this concentration. Compound 5 was active against the Chikungunya virus at the concentration of 10 µmol L-1, highlighting the effect of the 8-hydroxyquinoline substituent for the antiviral activity. For Zika virus, compound 6 was the only one active at 50 µmol L-1. The results suggest the potential of combining sulfonamides with other chemotypes for further development of antiviral agents, especially in the treatment of arboviral diseases.
Does the Serum Vaspin Level Have a Role in the Diagnosis of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency?
Authors: Koyun Fatma Nur , Yilmaz Nafiye , Tugrul Ersak Duygu
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to compare the serum vaspin levels between patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and healthy fertile women.
STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-nine patients diagnosed with idiopathic POI and 70 age-matched healthy fertile women were included in this case-control study. General gynecological and physical examination findings and serum basal hormone levels were recorded. Vaspin levels in serum samples were determined using the Enyzme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) method.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients with POI was 31.9±5.4 years, while it was 31.2±3.8 years in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in body mass index, gravidity, parity, and cigarette consumption between the groups. However, the mean follicle-stimulating hormone level in POI patients was 55.4±25.1 IU/L, significantly higher than the 6.2±1.8 IU/L observed in the control group. Luteinizing hormone levels were also significantly higher in POI patients, while estradiol and anti-Mullerian hormone values were significantly lower. Furthermore, the mean serum vaspin level in POI patients was 0.79±0.56 ng/mL, compared to 1.08±0.64 ng/mL in the control group (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Serum vaspin levels were found to be decreased in women with POI. Therefore, monitoring the serum vaspin levels in women with POI may help in the early identification of patients with POI.
The Revolutionary Youth of Georgii Fedotov
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Antoshchenko Aleksandr V.
Published: April 2024

This article delves into George Fedotov’s involvement in the revolutionary struggle; his reasons, motives, and perception of it; as well as the conditions and factors that led to the decision to discontinue his revolutionary activities. The study relies on documents of the local gendarme administration from the State Archives of Saratov Region and private correspondence between G. P. Fedotov and T. Iu. Dmitrieva. Their examination allows for a fresh perspective on his involvement in the revolutionary activities of the Social Democrats in Saratov, shedding light on its existential underpinnings. This research employs the hermeneutics of understanding (Verstehen) as a methodological paradigm to explore George Fedotov’s youth. This approach involves identifying internal motives behind the external events in the life of the subject in question. It considers individual psychological aspects that contributed to the formation of G. P. Fedotov’s personality. The author defines the emerging changes in the personality of G. P. Fedotov as a reorientation of his own fate caused not only by the decline of the revolutionary movement but also by the crisis of his identity. Consequently, crucial moments in his early biography are demonstrated as manifestations of the revision of his identity shaped by the interplay between his personal aspirations and the influences of the social environment, where his closest associates played a significant role.
Prominent Scientists in the Monumental Sculpture of Leningrad — Saint Petersburg
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Sosnitsky Dmitry A.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the monuments to scientists and inventors installed in Leningrad and modern St. Petersburg and their influence on shaping collective historical representations of the past. On the basis of the analysis of reference literature and scholarship, a range of monuments for the study was determined, which led to the conclusions about which new monuments to scientists emerged in Soviet Leningrad and modern St. Petersburg more often and in which periods in the history of the city. The article explores the history of installation of some monuments with regard to both the mechanisms for developing the projects and the implementation of competitive procedures. The paper also addresses the initiators and reasons for the installation of a particular monument. The author comes to the conclusion that the projects for the monuments are most often initiated by the state, and less often — by the scientific community or some influential scientist. Business community rarely proposes to erect a monument to a famous scientist. The article reveals that monuments to representatives of the exact and natural sciences prevail over those to humanitarians, which can be attributed to both the applied nature of the work of the former and to the perception of the latter as part of the general pantheon of heroes of the national culture. A possible explanation for almost complete absence of monuments to historians, philologists, and philosophers in monumental sculpture may be due to the substitution of their role by monuments to writers and poets erected in large numbers both in Soviet Leningrad and in modern St. Petersburg.
A Newly Discovered Epistle of Patriarch Hermogenes to Priests and Laity
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Savelyeva Natalya V.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the newly found epistle of Patriarch Hermogenes addressed to the priests and laity of parish churches. Until now, information about this epistle has been limited to brief quotations in the writings of “zealots of piety” about unison chanting. The full text of the epistle has been preserved in three manuscripts. The authenticity of the epistle is confirmed by the realities reflected in it of the situation of the parish clergy in Russia in the 16th–17th centuries: the patriarch writes in detail about violations of the liturgy; concerns the question of hired priests; denounces the practice of custom liturgies. He pays special attention to the relationship between the church clergy and parishioners. Patriarch Hermogenes reproaches parish priests for their resemblance of the laity in everyday life and disregard for the rules prescribed to the priests and denounces the desire of the parishioners to influence church affairs. The Patriarch directly demands that parishioners, irrespective of their high their rank, should not interfere in the course of the church service and declares the unaccepatability of shortening the service for the sake of the everyday needs of the laity. The article argues that the epistle dates to the time of the overthrow of Vasilii Shuiskii from the throne and the beginning of the events of the first militia and proposes a hypothesis about the existence of its original in the circles close to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and the Moscow Printing House. The epistle of Patriarch Hermogenes available in all known copies and commentaries on its sources are included in the Appendix.
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: Risk Factors in Pakistani Cohort
Authors: Anjum Aliza , Assad Arfa Ahmad , Sadia Ayesha , Maimoona Aleeza , Sarwar Shahid
Published: April 2024

Background: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne infectious disease with potential complications such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS)  and has fatality risk of greater than 20% if left untreated. There is lot of heterogeneity in factors predicting development of DHF in different populations.
Objective:  To determine clinical, biochemical and radiological parameters associated with risk of developing DHF in Pakistani population.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in Jinnah Hospital Lahore from October 2022 to December 2022. 180 patients with confirmed Dengue fever were included. Detailed history, clinical examination and laboratory/radiological investigations were performed. Patients were followed for development of DHF. Univariate analysis followed by logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors for DHF.
Results: Among 180 patients with  Dengue fever with mean age of 33.04 (+14.12) and male to female ratio of 1.53/1 (109/71), we identified presence of mucosal bleeding {OR 4.7 (95% CI 2.05-10.78)p value <0.000}, abdominal pain {OR 2.73 (95% CI 1.17-4.38)p value 0.013}, persistent vomiting {OR 3.09 (95% CI 1.51-6.34)p value 0.002}, tender right hypochondrium {OR 3.98 (95% CI 1.94-8.16) p value <0.000} and presence of peri-cholecystic fluid {OR 7.78 (95% CI 3.25-18.63)p value < 0.000} to be significantly associated with risk of developing DHF with 83.6% accuracy on logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion: Mucosal bleeding, right hypochondrium pain, persistent vomiting and presence of peri-cholecystic fluid in a patient of dengue fever predict risk of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Mental Health and Suicide Decriminalization: Connecting the Dots
Authors: Imran Nazish , Ayub Maryam
Published: April 2024

Suicide is a current public health crisis as every year, more than 800,000 individuals die by suicide worldwide. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, 77% of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In context of mental illness only, the reported percentage of completed suicides varies from 60% to 98% of all suicides.2,3 Many of the remaining episodes have to do with interpersonal or financial issues, and the crises that follow. Nonetheless, prejudice, violence, and armed conflicts can be some of the other reasons.3 At the start of the twenty-first century, depression accounted for thirty percent of deaths worldwide from unnatural causes. Substance-use disorders came in second with eighteen percent, schizophrenia with fourteen percent, and personality disorders with thirteen percent.2
In June 2022, twenty nations had suicide attempts criminalized and subject to penalties.4 One prominent defense of criminalization of suicide was that it deters people from trying to die by suicide and thus may be a successful suicide prevention strategy but according to the literature, this idea is at best false and at worst deceptive. According to a recent study, there is no conclusive evidence that nations with criminalized suicide have lower suicide rates than the worldwide average.4.In fact, the suicide rates in five of the seven nations where it is illegal were higher than the global average.4 A recent ecological study of 171 countries has shown that suicide laws are linked to increased national suicide rates particularly among women in non-Muslim nations with low Human Development Index scores.5 Women may be more susceptible to suicidal thoughts due to the patriarchal culture's lack of support and the laws that criminalize suicide. This clearly shows that there is no positive benefit of criminalizing suicide while on the other hand research has shown that suicide rates are decreased by laws that restrict access to fatal suicide methods (pesticides, weapons, and so forth).6 While many countries do not prosecute people who attempt suicide rigorously ,7criminalization of suicide discourages people from seeking help, stigmatizes those who try suicide, and makes it difficult to accurately quantify suicide rates due to misclassification of the event because of law. The care process for people who attempt suicide is complicated by the criminalization of suicide attempts.8 Treatment can be considerably delayed by the criminal justice system.
Cuentos felinos 8
Authors: Acosta Martiniano , Ariza Adolfo , Cabrera Jaime , Darío Iván , Luis José , Gracián Naudín , Manjarrés Annabell , Elena Aurora , Angélica María , Ramírez Clinton
Published: April 2024

Cuentos felinos es una de la aventuras de la imaginación más fecundas de la historia reciente de la literatura del norte de Colombia. Confirma el carácter de los creadores de una región inquieta, irreverente, con la virtud de calzar sus propios zapatos y asistir a sus propias fiestas. Los autores congregados en esta nueva entrega, además de ser grandes narradores, figuran entre los más consumados exponentes del cuento en su país: género que para ellos no pareciera tener fronteras imposibles. Los lectores colombianos son privilegiados, aunque todavía lo ignoren y solo lo confirmen cuando en unos años recorran admirados y con fruición las espléndidas páginas de Cuentos felinos 7, un libro en la mejor línea de la literatura desinteresada, a la larga la llamada a prevalecer, a hacer historia.
Discovery of Novel Natural Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: A Rational Approach to Antiviral Therapeutics
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Ullah Saeed , Ahsan Halim Sobia , Ullah Inam , Najeeb Ur Rehman  , Jan Afnan , Khalid Asaad , Ali Amjad , Khan Ajmal , Al-Harrasi Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Background/Aim:

The global pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2
virus underscores the urgent need for therapeutic interventions. Targeting the virus's
main protease (Mpro), crucial for viral replication, is a promising strategy.

Objective:

The current study aims to discover novel inhibitors of Mpro.

Methods:

The current study identified five natural compounds (myrrhanol B (C1), myrrhanone
B (C2), catechin (C3), quercetin (C4), and feralolide (C5) with strong inhibitory
potential against Mpro through virtual screening and computational methods, predicting
their binding efficiencies and validated it using the in-vitro inhibition activity. The
selected compound's toxicity was examined using the MTT assay on a human BJ cell
line.

Results:

Compound C1 exhibited the highest binding affinity, with a docking score of
-9.82 kcal/mol and strong hydrogen bond interactions within Mpro's active site. A microscale
molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the stability and tight fit of the compounds
in the protein's active pocket, showing superior binding interactions. in vitro assays
validated their inhibitory effects, with C1 having the most significant potency
(IC50 = 2.85 μM). The non-toxic nature of these compounds in human BJ cell lines was
also confirmed, advocating their safety profile.

Conclusion:

These findings highlight the effectiveness of combining computational and
experimental approaches to identify potential lead compounds for SARS-CoV-2, with
C1-C5 emerging as promising candidates for further drug development against this
virus.

conclusion:

These findings highlight the effectiveness of combining computational and experimental approaches to identify potential lead compounds for SARS-CoV-2, with C1-C5 emerging as promising candidates for further drug development against this virus.
Synthesis, Structure, and Antimicrobial Properties of New Cobalt(II) Complexes with
1-Propargylimidazoles
Authors: Sterkhova Irina V. , Parshina Lidiya N. , Grishchenko Lyudmila A. , Borodina Tatyana N. , Belovezhets Lyudmila A. , Semenov Valentin A.
Published: April 2024

Complexes of cobalt(II) chloride with 1-propargylimidazole, 1-propargyl-2-methylimidazole, and 1-
propargylbenzimidazole ligands were synthesized and studied by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. According
to the X-ray analysis, the crystal molecules of compounds were connected by non-covalent interactions,
such as halogen bonds and π-stacking. The nature and energy of coordination metal-ligand and noncovalent
bonds for structures under study were estimated in the frame of QTAIM (Quantum Theory “Atoms In
Molecules”). The antimicrobial activity of obtained cobalt(II) chloride complexes was evaluated in relation to
microorganisms E. durans, B. subtilis, and E. coli. Complexes of 1-propargyl-2-methylimidazole and 1-
propargylbenzimidazole with cobalt(II) chloride demonstrated high activity against E. coli and E. durans relatively
and could be recommended as antimicrobial drugs.
Electroacupuncture can Modify Stress, Low-Grade Inflammation in the Duodenum, and Damage to the Intestinal Barrier in Rats with Functional
Dyspepsia through the CRF Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Tong , Wang Haili , Liu Jiayi , Tan Ruirui , Chen Lili , Liang Xurong , Li Ailin , Qi Chenxi , Wang Zhaohui
Published: April 2024

Background:

In the domain of functional gastrointestinal disorders, Functional Dyspepsia
(FD) stands out due to its widespread occurrence internationally. Historically, electroacupuncture
(EA) has been employed as a therapeutic modality for FD, demonstrating notable
clinical efficacy.

Objectives:

This research aimed to delve into the impact of EA on stress responses, minor duodenal
inflammatory processes, and the integrity of the intestinal barrier within FD-affected rodent
models while also elucidating the underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

Thirty-six male Wistar rats were evenly distributed into three cohorts: a normal, a
modeled FD, and an EA treatment group. The FD condition in the rats, barring those in the
normal, was induced through a series of multifactorial procedures. For the EA cohort, the rats
received electroacupuncture at the acupoints RN12 (Zhongwan) and ST36 (Zusanli) for 20
minutes daily over a span of one week. The gastric residue rate (GRR), intestinal propulsion rate
(IPR), and changes in emotional state were measured in each group of rats. Additionally, serum
levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and
corticosterone (CORT) were detected, and the duodenal inflammatory condition and intestinal
mucosal barrier status were observed through staining and fluorescence. The expression levels
of Claudin-1, Junctional Adhesion Molecule 1 (JAM-1), Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF),
and Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 (CRF-R1) were also detected.

Results:

The study demonstrated that EA had a positive effect on body weight and food intake,
GRR, and IPR in FD rats. Additionally, the EA group showed a decrease in serum levels of
CRH, ACTH, and CORT, as well as a decrease in the number of duodenal mast cells and tryptase
content. Furthermore, the expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-1 and JAM-1 was
increased in the EA group compared to the model group. EA also reduced the levels of CRF and
CRF-R1 in the hypothalamus and duodenum.

Conclusion:

EA has been shown to improve the stress state of FD rats, inhibit the activation of
mast cells in the duodenum, and reduce low-grade inflammatory response and damage to the intestinal
mucosal barrier. It is believed that EA achieves these effects by modulating the expression
of CRF and its receptors in the brain-gut interaction pathway through the CRF signaling
pathway. This provides a new approach to treating FD.
The Indispensable Roles of GMDS and GMDS-AS1 in the Advancement of
Cancer: Fucosylation, Signal Pathway and Molecular Pathogenesis
Authors: Zhang Ziyan , Wang Zhuowei , Fan Hong , Li Jiayi , Ding Jiaqi , Zhou Gang , Yuan Chengfu
Published: April 2024

Fucosylation is facilitated by converting GDP-mannose to GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose,
which GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, a crucial enzyme in the route, carries out. One of the most
prevalent glycosylation alterations linked to cancer has reportedly been identified as fucosylation.
There is mounting evidence that GMDS is intimately linked to the onset and spread of cancer. Furthermore,
the significance of long-chain non-coding RNAs in the development and metastasis of
cancer is becoming more well-recognized, and the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs has emerged
as a prominent area of study in the biological sciences. GMDS-AS1, an antisense RNA of GMDS,
was discovered to have the potential to be an oncogene. We have acquired and analyzed relevant
data to understand better how GMDS-AS1 and its lncRNA work physiologically and in tumorigenesis
and progression. Additionally, we have looked into the possible effects of these molecules on
cancer treatment approaches and patient outcomes.
The physiological roles and putative processes of GMDS and lncRNA GMDS-AS1 throughout the
development and progression of tumors have been assembled and examined. We also examined how
these chemicals might affect patient prognosis and cancer therapy approaches.
GMDS and GMDS-AS1 were determined to be research subjects by searching and gathering pertinent
studies using the PubMed system. The analysis of these research articles demonstrated the
close relationship between GMDS and GMDS-AS1 and tumorigenesis and the factors that influence
them.
GMDS plays a vital role in regulating fucosylation. The related antisense gene GMDS-AS1 affects
the biological behaviors of cancer cells through multiple pathways, including the key processes of
proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, providing potential biomarkers and therapeutic
targets for cancer treatment and prognosis assessment.