bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Két késő antik publikációs lista
Authors: Óbis Hajnalka
Published: November 2022

Aurelius Augustine, bishop of Hippo wrote several works during his
life, the registration and the reading of which meant a real challenge for
his contemporaries. When he was old between 427 and 430 AD, he spent a
great part of his time on re-reading his works created so far, recording
them into a list and correcting them. In this big project his friars helped
him in the monastery of Hippo and a body of secretaries supported him as
well as, consisting of notaries and church scribes, which was operated as
„an information environment„ and it provided a background for performing
this task, and also for the copying and distribution of Augustine’s works.
While this project was progressing, he was writing and more precisely
dictating a work entitled Retractationes (Reconsiderations in English) that
he created a new genre with in the same way as his work, Confessions. In
this work the bishop of Hippo brought together his earlier works which were
written and published since his conversion with the exception of Sermons
and Letters. In the case of each work he began the chapter with its title
and named the person whom he dedicated his work to, then he briefly
described the conditions under which his work was written and its
objective. This listis not only interesting for the researchers of his
life-work because it revealed which works of the bishop of Hippo were not
been left for us, but here Augustine criticized himself severely to
preserve and present the coherence of his views and writings. This register
was not prepared only for self-examination, but also for later church use,
since using it, the works created by Augustine could be well distinguished
from those ones which were distributed under his name and referring to his
prestige. The other source of the list of his works was his biographer,
Possidius’ Indiculum (i.e. an indiculus means list or catalogue of works)
that he placed at the end of Augustine of Hippo’s biography. This catalogue
categorized the works according to the aspect whose heresies they were
written against, involving works against pagans, Pelagians and Donatists,
etc. This categorization had a great impact on the way how the succeeding
generations approach and interprete Augustine’s activity.
Modelamento Hidrogeoquímica da Interação Água/Rocha Carbonática do Sistema Aquífero Salitre, Bacia Sedimentar de Irecê, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Gonçalves Manuel Vitor Portugal , Cunha Mônica Pringsheim , Cruz Manoel Jerônimo Moreira , Freitas Luis Alexandre Dias
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta os resultados do modelamento hidrogeoquímica experimental que simulou a interação entre a água e a rocha em aquífero cárstico. Coletou-se 10 Kg de rochas do Aquífero Salitre, na Bacia Sedimentar de Irecê, Bahia, Brasil, e quantificou-se os minerais por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e Espectroscopia por Energia Dispersiva (EDS). Realizou-se análises de elementos principais e traço por Espectrometria de Emissão Ótica, com Plasma Acoplado Indutivamente (ICP-OES) e dos ânions principais, nitrato, fluoreto, físico-químicas, índice de saturação e da especiação das lixiviações de amostras de rochas de Melancias (M), Segredo (S), São José (SJ) e Palmeiras (P) pelos métodos cinéticos de Ensaios com Reatores Fechados (RF). Quantificou-se vinte e cinco minerais nas rochas (calcita, dolomita, barita, o quartzo, willemita e feldspato alcalino); e os minerais secundários (<1%) (berlinita, copiapita, fluorita, gipsita, jamesonita, óxidos de Zn, Pb e Mn). As amostras de rochas de M e SJ apresentaram-se mineralizadas em sulfatos e sulfetos e as amostras de S e P mineralizadas em calcita, silicatos e pirita. Obteve-se lixiviações subsaturadas em aragonita e calcita ou subsaturadas em dolomita no Ensaio I, em equilíbrio no Ensaio II e supersaturadas (em aragonita, calcita e dolomita) no Ensaio III. As lixiviações das rochas de M, SJ e P estiveram subsaturadas em gipsita, anidrita e fluorita e supersaturadas em hematita, goetita e Fe (OH)3 e as lixiviações de S subsaturadas ou em equílibrio em gipsita, anidrita e fluorita. Obteve-se as seguintes espécies químicas nas lixiviações: HCO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Fe(OH)3, Fe(OH)2+ e SO42-. A análise multivariada explicitou as origens do bário (barita ou de feldspatos alcalinos), a relevância do SO42- e Ca2+ na mineralização, da gipsita como fonte de Ca2+ e SO42- e o controle do SO42- sobre a dissolução da barita ou oxidação da galena. As lixiviações do RF pertenceram as classes sulfatadas cálcicas ou magnesiana (58%), bicarbonatadas cálcica ou magnesiana (25%) e sulfatadas mistas (17%) e diferiram da hidroquímica do Aquífero Salitre de pesquisas anteriores e não se identificou o nitrato nas lixiviações e o nitrogênio nos minerais.
Does sex interact with the 2D:4D ratio or adult circulating hormones on the estimated glomerular filtration rate? A cross‐sectional study in Ghana
Authors: Banyeh Moses , Zogli Kervin Edinam , Osumanu Hisham Alhassan , Obeng Lawrence , Acheampong Tuah Kwabena , Dagungong Clement Binwatin , Bayor Elizabeth , Amidu Nafiu
Published: November 2022

The 2D:4D ratio is the putative marker of prenatal hormone exposure and has been suggested as a correlate of adult circulating testosterone and estrogen. The study aimed to determine whether sexual dimorphism in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can be partly explained by the 2D:4D ratio or adult circulating testosterone or estrogen. The study was cross‐sectional from June to December 2021 at the University for Development Studies. The study involved 206 healthy adults (Female = 93, Male = 113) between 18 and 30 years. The 2D:4D ratio was measured using computer‐assisted analysis. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for testosterone, estradiol and creatinine using the ELISA technique and routine biochemical analysis. The adjusted eGFR was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) creatinine equation (2021). The eGFR and the testosterone‐to‐estradiol ratio (TT:E2) were significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). There was a significant interaction between sex and the TT:E2 on the eGFR (p < 0.001). Although the relationship between the eGFR and the TT:E2 was negative in both males and females, a unit change in the TT:E2 had a greater impact on the eGFR in females (B = −1.38) than in males (B = −0.01). Sexual dimorphism in the eGFR is influenced by both testosterone and estradiol. Although the sex difference in the eGFR may be influenced by the TT:E2, estrogen seems to account for more variability in the eGFR than testosterone.
Wider eine verpflichtende Aktienrente – auch Vermögen sichert Wohlstand im Alter
Authors: Hüther Michael , Pimpertz Jochen
Published: November 2022

A compulsory funded supplementary pension scheme is being discussed to prevent the number of retirees relying on tax financed assistance from increasing. The economic reason could be to prevent free-rider behaviour. The article discusses, why this argument is not convincing. Moreover, we argue that often too little attention is paid to possible welfare losses that households suffer if they prefer accumulating assets to provide for old age but are forced to annuitise the capital. Empirical evidence shows that the accumulation of assets plays an important role in household retirement planning. Therefore, it would make more sense to integrate asset accumulation into eligible old age provision instead.
Potential of two hydration treatments for improvement of sunflower seed vigour
Authors: Jovičić Dušica , Ovuka Jelena , Nikolić Zorica , Petrović Gordana , Marinković Dragana , Stojanović Milan , Tamindžić Gordana
Published: November 2022

Seed deterioration is an unavoidable process to which seeds of oilseed plant species such as sunflower are especially sensitive. This study aimed to determine whether different invigoration techniques can improve the attributes of germination in sunflower and alleviate the effects of seed ageing. Both aged and non-aged seeds were subjected to invigoration by pre-soaking with distilled water and with 3% of KH2PO4for 24 hours at 25°C. Germination performance, seedling growth and SDS-PAGE protein profile were determined. The outcome of invigoration depended on the condition of the seeds: invigoration of seeds with both water and KH2PO4reduced the percentage of germination in non-aged seeds, while in aged seeds there was an increase in germination compared to the control. The SDS-PAGE seed protein profiles revealed that the low molecular weight proteins produced high-intensity bands and the high molecular weight proteins were in low concentrations. After accelerated ageing followed by H2O treatment, some bands of proteins appeared in the region of 2S albumins and were associated with a higher percentage of germination. Our results point out that invigoration treatments were more effective in low vigour seeds which can provide wide practical benefits.
Vulnerabilities and strengths of Lesbian and Homosexual Mexican Adolescents to dating violence
Authors: Casique Rodríguez Irene
Published: November 2022

This paper explores dating violence among same-sex adolescent couples and compares the prevalence’s of the different expressions of this violence (emotional, physical, and sexual) between heterosexual couples and same-sex couples. Additionally, we identify those characteristics of homosexual adolescents that reduce or increase their vulnerability to dating violence, examining the role played by various elements of empowerment, such as self-esteem, agency, gender role attitudes, social power, and adolescent sexual power.
Descriptive analysis as well as bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were developed using data from the Survey on Dating, Empowerment and Sexual and Reproductive Health in Adolescent in High School in Mexico (ENESSAEP 2014 in Spanish), a survey representative of three Mexican states in México: Morelos, Jalisco and Puebla. The findings confirm that the prevalence’s of the three types of dating violence (emotional, physical, and sexual) are significantly higher for adolescents with same-sex partners than for heterosexual adolescents. The experiences of emotional violence received and witnessed at home are more frequent in the lives of gay and lesbian adolescents, and these experiences in turn show significant and larger associations with the risk of all three types of dating violence for them. Except for sexual empowerment, most indicators of empowerment showed significant and negative associations with the risk of the three types of dating violence for heterosexual adolescents, and in some cases for gay or lesbian youths too. It is necessary further research on the role of adolescent's empowerment as a relevant process to prevent dating violence and to provide young people with key resources to identify and deal with violent relationships, and particularly in the case of youth from the sexual diversity groups.
Oficio de periodistas: mujeres en el mundo masculino de la prensa del siglo XIX.
Authors: Pecharromán de la Cruz Carolina
Published: November 2022

La escritura en general y la profesión de periodista era mayoritariamente masculina en el siglo XIX. Este artículo pretende analizar los procesos y estrategias que vivieron y utilizaron las mujeres para acceder a la profesionalización de la escritura a través de la prensa. La de periodista era una profesión en construcción que se consideraba por lo general una actividad complementaria o secundaria, pero evolucionó hasta convertirse en una profesión como cualquier otra. Para las escritoras, asentarse en allá suponía conseguir una autonomía económica y social y un reconocimiento para los que encontraban pocas oportunidades y por los que tuvieron que establecer una negociación entre el posibilismo y la transgresión de las normas sociales. Todo ello, partiendo de una situación de desigualdad en el plano educativo y una separación teórica en esferas que atribuía principalmente a las mujeres de clase media la doméstica y privada y las excluía de la pública y por tanto del trabajo exterior remunerado. Esta separación tenía su correlato en los temas y tipos de publicaciones que se permitían a las mujeres y que también, como se verá, se irán ampliando y enriqueciendo. Se estudiará el uso de los seudónimos, la creación de espacios alternativos de socialización, apoyo mutuo y práctica profesional, el papel que jugaron las llamadas revistas “femeninas” y la progresiva introducción de las mujeres en ámbitos mixtos. También se estudia el papel que jugaron el activismo y las publicaciones feministas y su evolución. Se aborda la cuestión de forma transnacional y comparada entre España, Francia y Reino Unido para encarar la complejidad de los procesos, eliminar posibles sesgos y tener en cuenta las variables de cada contexto concreto.
La representación de la mujer en la pornografía desde una perspectiva de género: un análisis global.
Authors: Criado Pajuelo Andrea
Published: November 2022

La enorme presencia, prevalencia y consumo de pornografía en la actualidad la sitúan como un fenómeno susceptible a ser estudiado por múltiples disciplinas. Desde la psicología, se ahonda en los efectos del contenido pornográfico a nivel conductual, cognitivo y emocional. El presente estudio analiza cómo se representa a la mujer en la pornografía convencional y sus implicaciones a nivel psicosocial a través de la compilación y el análisis de distintos estudios e investigaciones realizados hasta el momento. Para ello, se adopta una perspectiva de género y psicosocial a través de la cual se explora la violencia sexual, la cosificación sexual, el canon de belleza femenino, los roles y guiones sexuales, la sexualidad de la mujer, la erotización de la violencia contra la mujer y los mitos, tabúes y creencias sexuales erróneas presentes en la pornografía. Se pretende integrar las aportaciones existentes en todas estas dimensiones para establecer conclusiones acerca de cómo se reviste y representa la figura de la mujer en la pornografía, pues podría tener una potencial influencia en las representaciones, actitudes, expectativas y comportamientos sexuales de los consumidores en sus relaciones con las mujeres. Los resultados permiten considerar que la pornografía reproduce la desigualdad sexual entre hombres y mujeres a través de la construcción de las categorías de “hombre” y “mujer” bajo un modelo dicotómico jerarquizado: agresor-víctima, dominación-subordinación, sujeto deseante-objeto deseado, individuación-deshumanización. La desigualdad de género está arraigada en la pornografía a través de la cosificación, distribución desigual del poder y violencia contra la mujer. De las implicaciones sociales, clínicas y educativas derivadas, se concluye la necesidad de avance en el campo de investigación relativo a la pornografía, de implementación de programas de prevención primaria, secundaria y terciaria y de una educación afectivo-sexual alternativa.
Un debate teórico entre Gramsci y Foucault, contrahegemonía y agencia a través de la Teoría del Discurso y de la Genealogía: el caso de las luchas indígenas en el Estado de Chiapas
Authors: Lambiase Simone
Published: November 2022

En el presente artículo se desarrollará un análisis de dos de las corrientes postpositivistas de las Relaciones Internacionales: el posestructuralismo y el modelo neogramsciano a través de la Teoría Crítica. Para entender las dos visiones de la realidad de las Relaciones Internacionales, el foco principal se pondrá en los antecedentes onto-epistemológicos que caracterizan el cuarto debate entre las tendencias positivistas y postpositivistas.
En efecto, desde el inicio del debate, el campo académico se ha dividido en dos líneas diferentes que plantean enfoques distintos para responder a la misma pregunta: ¿cómo entendemos la realidad? En este sentido, las investigaciones relacionadas con el mundo internacional plantearon algunas preguntas heurísticas como: a) ¿Qué método debemos utilizar en relación con el objeto de estudio?; b) ¿Es el método el que nos da el objeto de análisis o, por el contrario, es el objeto el que nos da el método? En definitiva, el problema que se suscita tiene que ver con dilucidar si el método científico puede dar respuesta a estas preguntas, o si, entendiendo que la realidad social no puede ser universalizada —hipótesis de las corrientes postpositivistas— el objeto de estudio no debe ser influenciado por el observador.
Dicho esto, y una vez expuesta la base teórica, el objetivo principal de este trabajo se trasladará al interés que han suscitado términos como "contrahegemonía" y "agencia" en filósofos como Antonio Gramsci y Michel Foucault. Para ello, por un lado, se analizará la estructura filosófica de Gramsci, basada en la existencia de un “bloque hegemónico” entendido como la creación de una ideología que se incrusta en la sociedad. Por otro lado, siguiendo a Foucault, se asentará la red de saberes entendida como arquitectura de la realidad. Así, se relacionarán estas dos grandes corrientes ontológicas, haciendo una aplicación concreta a un caso de estudio: el régimen de derecho indígena —como se desarrolló en el Estado de Chiapas (México)— a través de la llamada Teoría del Discurso de Laclau y Mouffe y de la Genealogía de matriz foucaultiana.
¿Segunda Guerra Fría? Un análisis desde la Historia y las Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Sanz Díaz Carlos , Sáenz-Rotko José Manuel
Published: November 2022

En la última década, políticos, analistas y periodistas han reactivado el concepto de Guerra Fría (GF) para aplicarlo como categoría analítica a situaciones del presente. La invasión de Ucrania por Rusia en febrero de 2022 ha puesto radicalmente de actualidad el concepto de Nueva Guerra Fría (NGF) o Segunda Guerra Fría (SGF).
 
Nuestra investigación busca responder a tres interrogantes fundamentales: 1. ¿en qué medida el empleo de la analogía histórica de la GF es una herramienta útil para dotar de sentido a la realidad internacional actual en relación con las tensiones entre Rusia y los países occidentales?; 2. ¿de qué manera una determinada interpretación sobre el final de la GF proyecta su significado como marco interpretativo esgrimido por la Rusia de Vladímir Putin para justificar su política exterior, en particular en relación con Ucrania?; 3. ¿resulta pertinente la aplicación del concepto de NGF o SGF a la rivalidad entre China y Estados Unidos?
 
El artículo se estructura en cuatro partes. El apartado 1 expone los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos que enmarcan la investigación. En el apartado 2 se analiza la aplicación de la categoría de NGF o SGF a las relaciones actuales entre Rusia y los países occidentales, primordialmente EEUU y la OTAN. El epígrafe 3 examina la aportación de la historiografía académica a los debates sobre los hechos de 1989-1991, y en particular a la cuestión de las promesas hechas a la URSS, y después a Rusia, sobre la expansión de la OTAN, y su aportación al enmarcado de las relaciones internacionales actuales. El apartado 4 analiza en qué medida el concepto de GF y su reformulación como NGF o SGF arrojan claridad a la hora de conceptualizar la relación entre Estados Unidos y China. Por último, un apartado de conclusiones expone las aportaciones principales del estudio.
 
La base teórica la configura la teoría del framing o del encuadre de los procesos comunicativos (Goffman, 1974), aplicados al empleo de analogías históricas en relaciones internacionales. Consideramos el recurso a analogías históricas como una técnica particular de encuadre que atribuye una relación de semejanza entre acontecimientos, personajes o fenómenos del pasado y del presente para deducir patrones y generar redes de significados relevantes para la comprensión de fenómenos actuales, orientando la forma en que los concibe, organiza y relaciona la complejidad. El empleo de analogías históricas forma parte de la tradición de la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales desde sus orígenes, y específicamente se ha considerado el recurso a la analogía histórica como una forma privilegiada en que la historia influencia el ejercicio del poder de los Estados (statecraft) en política exterior (Brands y Suri, 2015). El método histórico como herramienta analítica resulta adecuada y eficaz para identificar las analogías históricas postuladas y valorar críticamente su veracidad.
Evaluation of different felling intensities in management of secondary carob forests under silvopastoral use in the Humid Chaco
Authors: Fabian Gómez , Sebastián Kees , Lucas Vera , Roberto Cowper Coles , Juan Prause
Published: November 2022

The progressive reduction of the forest surface to enable land destined for other productive activities and its subsequent abandonment, allowed the appearance of fragments of secondary forests, frequently dominated by carob trees. Prosopis alba that have been identified as a strategic biological resource of the Chaco Park, due to its characteristic of multipurpose tree, which gives it a high value for the management of secondary forests in areas abandoned by agriculture and livestock, offering at the same time an alternative productive. A fundamental aspect in the management of secondary forests of this species is the need to concentrate growth on the dominant trees, since the achievement of large-sized individuals is essential for supplying the wood industry. Within the framework of a project aimed at designing management tools that make it possible to make high forest production compatible with livestock. To this effect, preliminary results of the response of the forest mass as well as of the remaining individuals are presented against three intensities of selective thinning. The objective of the work is to have basic information that allows establishing sustainable management guidelines in secondary forests, in its initial stages for the provision of quality wood for forestry-industry with forestry-livestock production schemes.
Prevalence of smoking in the students of English medium private schools in Tripura, India
Authors: Jamatia Biplab
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Globally, smoking related diseases kill an estimated four million people every year. This number is predicted to rise to a staggering 10 million a year over the next two decades. Smoking leads, indeed, to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, lung disorders as well as several malignancies, including lung, throat, stomach, and bladder cancers. Early identifying smokers in this group and the associated determinants of smoking behavior can help reduce or stop cigarette consumption. The Objective of this study is to find out prevalence of smoking among adolescents aged 13 to 18 years studying in class 9th to 11th in English medium private schools in Tripura, India. Materials and methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out during November- December 2021 in faith based English medium private schools of Udaipur and Bishramganj subdivision of Tripura, India. A total of 565 students aged 13 to 18 years participated in this study from four schools. Results: The number of students participating from class 9th, 10th and 11th standard were 375 (66.4%), 85 (15%) and 105 (18.6%) respectively. The overall prevalence of ever smoker was 24.7% (95% CI 21.3 to 28.4%) among adolescents. The prevalence of ever smokers in male (38.6%) adolescents was more than female (7.7%) and differences between the male and female adolescents were significantly different (p value <0.05). Conclusion: Around one-fourth of the students studying in class 9th, 10th and 11th standard were ever smoked cigarettes or chewing guthka or pan masala.
Origen, potential and water quality of a perennial spring in Juárez city mountains, Chihuahua, México
Authors: Zúñiga- de León David , Domínguez Acosta Miguel
Published: November 2022

A Small Perched Perennial Spring has been used for Irrigation for 25 years. With an area of 23.3 ha its water potential basin varies from 90.7 to 979 m3/day so water conductivity of (k=62 cm/day producing between 0.30 to 3.17 lt/sec for lowest to highest rain return period (PR1 to PR100). Water Quantity and Hydraulic conductivity already mentioned were evaluated: Firstly, RPS structure were formed for 100 m of thick impervious lowermost member Lagrima Formation (Kli) overloading for a medium porosity (Klm, Klu) as well as high porosity of Finlay and del Norte Formations (Kf, Kdn). Secondly, Rainfall-Runoff-Recession hydrology model with Recession constant of 0.6 and ratio to pick of 0.2 in the threshold were used trough the simulation. Thus, Base (underground) and Direct (surface) runoff were separated. Finally, water quality and its interaction with host rocks were performed so; two water samples were collected and studied. Both samples were qualified as: Calcic-Bicarbonated (6f-C2) with low salinization risk (C3-S2). Therefore, water could be used for irrigation. In addition, water interaction among Cretaceous rocks of Sierra de Juárez as Lagrima (Kl), Finlay (Kf) and del Norte (Kdn) formations suggests three cases; One; If Calcium reduces Sodium increases given a sodic shale-slate system as: Ca2+HCO3+shales+Na+→Na++HCO3+shales+Ca2, this suggests that water have been confined by rock sourced Cretaceous Lagrima formation (Kli). Two, RPS overloaded recharge layers; Finlay (Kf) and (Kdn) with high karstification potential as high porosity is evident so: Three. If Na+ differ from Cl- thus, the cationic exchange has more Na+ than Cl- so more risk to karstification arises as mentioned before.
Golden mussel geographic distribution paradox: how can stream theories explain?
Authors: Silva Camargo Paulo Ricardo da , Godinho Barreiros Luiz Felipe , Ulhôa Barbosa Newton Pimentel , Valadão Cardoso Antônio , Santos Assis Paulo , Pelli Afonso
Published: November 2022

Aquatic ecosystems have biological, social, and economic importance. Between the 1980s and 2000s, a few theoretical concepts emerged that attempt to provide a better understanding of the function and dynamics of freshwater ecosystems, including biotic and abiotic variables. The rationale for our research was based on observations of the distribution and abundance of an exotic bivalve mollusc, the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857). The species has been recorded from several river basins, but only occurs in large water bodies and fails to reach first-order streams. This study provides an overview of the main stream ecology concepts developed to explain the dynamics of lotic ecosystems in an attempt to solve this paradox. The river continuum concept was the first of many in river ecology. These theoretical concepts are not mutually exclusive, but interdependent. It is expected the main reasons for the non-occurrence of L. fortunei in small streams are twofold: fluctuations in physical and hydrologic conditions in small streams, generating instability, and reduced availability of plankton in first- and second-order streams.
The effects of seasonality on the quality of rainfall water in the city of rio de Janeiro
Authors: Areas de Almeida Jaqueline Costa , Moreira de Souza Caroline , Delduque Alves Letícia , Proença Bastos Giovana , Nunes da Silva Gabrielle , Maia Bila Daniele , Ohnuma Junior Alfredo Akira
Published: November 2022

Critical periods and abnormal rainfall events have been observed in the South-East of Brazil, and this has affected both the amount and quality of the volume of water in the water supply systems. This study seeks to assess the influence of seasonal factors on the quality of rainfall at a water treatment plant, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro - RJ. The methodology involved collecting rainfall samples between January 2017 and December 2018, at four specific points in the system: first flush 1 (FF1), first flush 2 (FF2), void volume (VV) and reservoir (RR). The parameters were analyzed statistically and followed seasonal patterns for each of the seasons of the year, and included: pH, turbidity, electric conductivity, total of alkalinity and chloride. The results suggest that there is an urgent need to dispose of the initial volume stored in the devices of the first flush. The water contained in the tank was of a satisfactory standard for non-drinkable purposes despite the effects of seasonality on the quality of the rainfall water. A multivariate statistical correlation analysis made it possible to assess the influence of the seasons of the year on the quality of pluvial water.
Abiotic stress and citriculture
Authors: Fouad Abobatta Waleed
Published: November 2022

Salinity stress affects the growth and productivity of various fruit crops, furthermore, salinity is considered one of the main determining factors for cultivation. Under fluctuation in climate conditions, citrus growers must use various techniques to deal with increasing salinity levels to alleviate injuries, such as grafting with resistance rootstocks, canopy management, the Shading net technique, and using plant growth substances to sustain citriculture
Consumers perception of aquaponics in Australia: A survey
Authors: Awal Sadiqul , Bonnici Darren
Published: November 2022

Aquaponics, an integrated system with both hydroponic plant production and aquaculture fish production, is an expanding alternative agriculture system. Many key questions about the overall feasibility of aquaponic systems remain unanswered. Of particular concern for start-up and established producers alike are consumer perceptions and willingness to pay for aquaponic produce and fish. This study reports results and analysis of a consumer survey about perceptions and preferences for aquaponic-grown products that was conducted in Melbourne Metropolitan Area (MMA), Australia. The results represent a first step toward building knowledge about the potential consumer base for aquaponics, which is a critical piece in the system’s potential overall profitability. It appears that consumer education and marketing will be key for the expansion of the market.
Assessing growth performance and survival of wild shad Tenualosa ilisha fry in two earthen ponds with different feeding regime: A new insight for conservation
Authors: Kumar Das Basanta , Chakraborty Hena , Kumar Manna Ranjan , Mandal Subhendu , Kumar Sahoo Amiya , Kumar Sarkar Uttam
Published: November 2022

The present study describes the rearing and growth performance of Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) fry in experimental trial performed in earthen pond ecosystem located adjacent to river Rupnarayan for developing in-situ rearing protocol of fry collected from the wild sources. The seed was collected during May, 2020 from the river and stocked in two different rearing ponds. One of the ponds was provided with artificial feed and another fed with chicken offal to raise the production of zooplankton. Routine monitoring of water and soil quality parameters as well as other biotic communities like plankton was performed to understand the dynamics of ecological conditions in relation to changes in length and weight. The results of PCA between sediment quality and specific growth of fish indicated the strong positive loading of available nitrogen, available phosphate and free calcium carbonate, while moderate positive loading was observed with percentage of silt. Interestingly, it is observed that survivability rate of fish was approximately 80% in both the ponds. The results indicated natural growth fish was considerably well in both the experimental ponds. However, higher growth of juveniles were observed in the pond 2 with higher phytoplankton density (9120cells/L) than pond 1 having lower phytoplankton density (920cells/L) at the end of the experiments. The water quality parameters were comparable in both the experimental ponds. Based on this study it is evident that plankton (especially zooplankton) has induced better growth in pond 2 and possible incorporation of live feed along with formulated feed might trigger better growth of the stocked Hilsa. The present study provides new insight in developing field based approaches for successful rearing and conservation of threatened Hilsa in Indian waters.
Issues and approaches in aquaculture of rural ponds of Southern West Bengal with introspection over the years
Authors: Chandra Nandi Nepal
Published: November 2022

Utilization and aquaculture scenarios of rural ponds of various sizes in West Bengal especially southern West Bengal have been investigated and observed for more than sixty years. These ponds are of various shapes, sizes, and depths, and used by the rural people for domestic, agricultural irrigation, pisciculture, livelihood dependency, firefighting, and community wellbeing. During the post-independence period, these ponds have undergone succession of shifting attention and shared interests towards their service to the rural community and the society. In recent years, these ponds suffer shrinkage due to silt accumulation and waste disposal, becoming increasingly semi-derelict and derelict, and encroachment continued rampant. Productivity as well as aesthetic values has gone down along with the increase in pollution and environmental degradation. Indigenous management option of Parha Level Pond Care (PLPC) aqua cultural production with annual management action plan at the village level local unit (Parha / Ward/ Neighborhood) in conjunct with local Panchayat is suggested for agri-piscicultural integration with Integrated Area Development Network Programme (IADNP) at the Block Development level.
Characterization of socio-economic fishing activity in tunisian reservoir: sidi Saad (center of Tunisia) as a case study
Authors: Mili Sami , Hajlaoui Wafa , Fatnassi Manel , Ben Salem Skander , Troudi Dakher , Missaoui Hechmi
Published: November 2022

This paper analysis of the socio-economic situation of the fishing activity in Sidi Saad reservoir in order to estimate the real production of fishing in this dam, to determine the demographic structure of the fishermen and to provide information on the profitability of this fishing activity. The results of this study indicate that the fishermen operating in this reservoir are young (average 39 years), with an education level reached limited to primary school (64%) associated to a low monthly income (do not reach the minimum wage). Estimated fishing productions from the survey made in 2 successive years are higher than those indicated in the statistics of the fisheries administration (95 tons against a declared production of 62 tons in 2007 and 112 tons against 72 tons in 2008). In addition, the socio-economic investigation showed that the majority of fishermen practice a second activity in addition to fishing (61%). Continuous scientific monitoring of the fishing in this reservoir is necessary for the sustainability of this activity and to fix the populations of fishermen in their village.
Novel transdermal patch for detecting Cystic fibrosis
Authors: Biswas Rajib
Published: November 2022

A genetic condition, termed as cystic fibrosis (CF) affecting numerous organs, including the lungs, pancreas, colon, liver, and reproductive system, is completely dormant and intrinsic. Better treatment and control of CF are facilitated by early diagnosis. With the advent of technological and healthcare developments, there have been tremendous advancements in detecting CF rapidly and administering therapeutics. Accordingly, these short communication overviews developments related to early diagnosis of CF with dermal stickers. Apart from this, the future perspectives are also appraised.
Clinico-therapeutic management of ketosis in cow-a field case
Authors: Morwal Sandhya  , Sharma Sunanda
Published: November 2022

This paper deals with a clinical case in a HF cow with signs of ketosis, along with owner history, clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. Milk, urine and blood sample were collected for proper diagnosis of disease. Detection of ketone bodies in urine with Rothera’s test was carried out. Therapeutic regimen was administered as per varied physiological conditions. Such medications as dextrose, steroids, vitamin B complex parenterally (all injected), along with oral gluconeogenic precursors and jaggery were administered. The case was treated successfully, with an excellent recovery.
Enhanced production of manganese peroxidase from clitopilus scyphoides employing statistical optimization for application in improving crop residue digestibility by ruminants
Authors: G Rao Ramya , Ravichandran Aarthi , Kandalam Giridhar , Ashish Kumar Samanta , Swaraj Senani , Sridha Manpal
Published: November 2022

Media components for the production of lignolytic enzyme MnP in the submerged fermentation from Clitopilus scyphoides were screened by PB design of experiments using main effects of different components and their percent contribution towards the MnP production. Total 31 components were considered in this study at temperature 30°C and incubation period of 5 days, in which Galactose, Malt extract, KH2 PO4 , NH4 H2 PO4 , CaCO3 , Tween80, Tartaric acid and sodium acetate were found to be significant components for MnP production. Further, response surface methodology was employed to optimize the media containing screened components along with temperature, pH and incubation days. The optimized medium contained 1.5% Galactose, 0.06%Malt extract, 0.02%KH2 PO4, 0.15%NH4 H2 PO4 , 0.003%CaCO3, 0.8%Tween80,0.005% MnSO4,0.88%Tartaric acid and 3% sodium acetate at temperature 31°C and pH 5.2 incubated for 5 days increased MnP productivity by 43 folds (43.2±1.29 U mL-1)when compared to un-optimized media (1.1±0.087 U mL-1). MnP produced was tested for lignolytic effects on different crop residues. Digestibility studies of different crop residues treated with crude MnP rich extracts indicated that a significant decrease in the percentage value of lignin and increase in in-vitro digestibility matter (at confidence interval 95%) when compared with untreated straws.
Effect of supplementing graded levels of wet brewery grain by-product to natural pasture hay and wheat bran based diet on the performance of Tigray highland sheep, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Znabu Hayelom , Negesse Tegene , Sisay Amsalu , Ftiwi Mulugeta
Published: November 2022

A feeding trial was conducted for 84 days followed by 7 days of fecal collection to determine performance and also digestibility of nutrients at Maichew ATVET College in Tigray, North Ethiopia using 24 yearling intact male local sheep grouped into six blocks of four sheep based on their initial body weight and each block assigned to each of the four treatments diets. The basal diet was composed of natural pasture hay (ad libitum), wheat bran (309 g/sheep/d) and salt (3 g/head/d) and test diet (graded levels of wet brewery grain by-product=WBGB). Treatment diets were: T1 (basal diet+0g WBGB/head/day), T2 (basal diet + 210g WBGB/head/day), T3 (basal diet + 280g WBGB/head/day) and T4 (basal diet + 350g WBGB/head/day). ANOVA of data was conducted using General Linear Model (GLM) procedures of SAS; and means compared using Tukey’s HSD test (p<0.05). Dry matter, organic matter and crude protein intake and digestibility significantly increased (p<0.05) with increasing levels of supplementation. Higher average daily body weight and feed conversion efficiency (p≤ 0.05) were recorded in T4 followed by T3, T2, and T1. Hot carcass weight (9-11 kg), rib eye muscle area as a sign of degree of muscling (7.20 -10.70cm2 ), net return and marginal rate of return (MRR) were higher (p<0.05) in supplemented than in T1 fed sheep, with best results in T4. It can be recommended that sheep can be supplemented up to 124 g dried BGB or 350 g WBGB because it gave better body weight and carcass performances and MRR.
Assessing flood vulnerability on livelihood of the local community: a case from Southern Bagmati corridor of Nepal
Authors: Shreevastav Bitu Babu , Tiwari Krishna Raj , Mandal Ram Asheshwar , Nepal Abhishesh
Published: November 2022

Flood is one of the prominent hazards in terai region of Nepal. The people living at the bank of the river are more vulnerable to floods. The study was objectively conducted to assess vulnerability from floods on livelihood of riverine households & communities living at up-stream, mid-stream and down-stream at Bagmati river of Sarlahi and Rautahat district of Nepal. About 25% sample size, focus group discussion & key informant's interview were surveyed & carried out through random sampling. A pre-tested semi-questionnaire and check list was prepared & used to collect the socio-demographic profile, livelihood strategies, social networks, financial aspects, physical structure and facilities, health, food, water, forest and natural disasters and climate variability. The duration of study was from July 2019 to December 2020. Collected data were analyzed to calculate the indexed value and vulnerability index using Haln et al.,1 and IPCC2 for comparing the components of flood vulnerability from livelihood aspects. A multi-dimensional integrated flood risk assessment framework, Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) developed by Haln et al.1 and LVI-IPCC, was adopted to quantify household-level flood vulnerability. Results showed that flood vulnerability was higher in downstream/lower belt (with highest LVI value 0.528), followed by Middle belt with medium LVI value 0.506. The least vulnerable is upper belt which has low LVI value 0.323. A significant correlation was observed between contributing factors: vulnerability, contributing factors-exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Gradation of flood vulnerability found as significantly different. The multivariate analysis recommended that households’ having better preparedness and mitigation measures was influenced by their ability to responds to floods vulnerability. The empirical approach and analysis of this study could be used to reduce vulnerability, enhance adaptive capacity and lower the risk of sensitivity in another region.
Human Impacts on keystone species within the ecological food web
Authors: Budnukaeku Alexander Chinago , Ichendu Chima Bright , Irene Daminabo
Published: November 2022

The environment consists of different webs of lives, among which is the ecosystem. The ecosystem consists of arrays of lives that are vital for survival of other organisms within the ecosystem one of such referred to as "keystone species". These are either terrestrial or aquatic species. This work had an overview introduction of the scheme, followed by a background inventory of some selected keystone species, related arguments, the role, impact and relationship with other species within the ecosystem. Furthermore, the work borrows insights from the concept of sustainability and resilience, applies them as a benchmark in development planning, and finally concludes with brief significance of the essay. Although much awareness and campaigns are already documented, from the essay point of view, most development planners pay little attention and rely on the environmental impact assessment report and fail to understand that an environmental impact assessment report is usually not ready at the beginning of every project. The impact of human activities within the environment has adverse effects on these species resulting in the extinction of some while; others are either threatened or endangered. The basic understanding of these species and their impact on the ecosystem is a useful tool to employ when carrying out developmental analysis that will serve as a “first aid” and as a reminder towards proffering strategies that will aid the mitigation principles. Additionally, as a development planner, understanding these species and others will give them the sense of right judgment to employ during project planning and administration, targeted at delivering a sustainable development practice aimed at a "win-win scenario" in development and the environment. Moreover, the in-depth understanding of this species and their role will equip the development planner the edge to study and include waste management scheme in their development schedule, as waste produced in-course of establishing a project within a particular location without proper management will constitute chaos to species at the dumpsite.
A comparative study on the abundance and diversity of butterflies in disturbed and undisturbed habitats in a tertiary institution in central Nigeria
Authors: A Ombugadu , AR Ugwu , JI Ibrahim , NN Dawam , VA Pam , PN Okoi , HO Ahmed , GG Deme , HL Njila , BO Echor , PO Aimankhu , MJ Mafuyai , JI Maikenti , CD Nkup , NR Uzoigwe , OC Oke
Published: November 2022

Butterflies are among the most widely spread taxa whose distribution cut across all the continents of the world except the Antarctica. Many butterfly species are comparatively easy to sample and recognize both as individuals and as species than many other insect groups. They are extremely sensitive to changes in vegetation composition and structure in the environment. As a result of this; butterflies have widely been used as a model species to evaluate the health of the environment and changes in the environment. We investigated and compared the butterfly abundance and diversity within a newly established tertiary institution in Central Nigeria in April, 2016 using transects with the aid of sweep nets. Four transects were laid in each of the disturbed and undisturbed habitats of Federal University of Lafia (FULafia). Transects were visited in the morning and evening. An overall total of three hundred and one butterflies were seen. However, only 160 were caught which spread across 5 families, 21 genera and 25 species. The most abundant family of butterflies caught was Pieridae 49 (30.63%) followed by Lycaenidae 42 (26.25%), Nymphalidae 34 (21.25%), Papilionidae 34 (21.25%), while Hesperiidae 1 (0.63%) was the least and scarce in the study area. The most abundant genera of butterflies recorded were Eurema 29 (18.13%), Papilio 27 (16.88%) and Hypolycaena 23 (14.38%). The mean abundance of butterflies seen in relation to disturbed and undisturbed habitats showed a very high significant difference (t = -4.1952, df = 94.682, P < 0.0001). Time of day showed a very high significant difference (t = 6.2208, df = 82.469, P < 0.0001) in the mean abundance of butterflies. The undisturbed habitat was more diversified (H´ = 2.6) in butterfly diversity than the disturbed habitat (H´ = 2.5). This study being the first effort in exploring the butterfly wealth of FULafia clearly shows that the ongoing building construction in the Permanent Site of the University may have some impact on the abundance and diversity of butterflies. Hence, the Management of the Institution should ensure that the area designated for Zoological Garden is well safe guarded for biodiversity conservation amidst ongoing sustainable development.
Key sites for seedling emergence in degraded areas of the monte ecoregion of the Rio Negro Province, Argentina
Authors: Kröpfl Alicia , Cecchi Gustavo
Published: November 2022

In disturbed shrublands of the Monte ecoregion in the Rio Negro province, herbaceous vegetation occurs in patches of high plant cover beneath shrubs, interspersed with patches of low cover between them, which leads to the existence of differential microsites in the environment. The protected understory in the shrub patches is occupied by other functional groups that conform this system: perennial grasses, annuals and biological crusts. The areas between the shrubs may be more or less degraded by grazing, and may exhibit physical impediments to the germination and establishment of seeds and to seedling emergence and survival, in the form of vesicular crusts that develop on the soil surface and contribute to desertification in those systems where they appear. The objective of our study was to relate the presence of seedlings in three microsites of the environment: a) beneath shrubs, and in the open spaces between them discriminated into b) flat and c) rough places, with different covers of the soil surface (biological crust, litter, perennial grasses and gravel), and with the presence and thickness of vesicular crusts, in a semi-arid shrubland of the south-eastern Monte ecoregion. We found that the presence of seedlings differed between the microsites and was related to the different soil cover in each microsite. In flat microsites, that presence was positively related with litter and biological crust covers and negatively related to vesicular crust thickness and gravel cover; in rough places we only found a positive influence of litter, and beneath shrubs, there were beneficial effects due to perennial grass cover and scarce negative effects due to vesicular crusts.