bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fragrance Component Analysis for Nebulvapours of European Anchovy Oils by Using Colorimetric Printing and Electronic Nose
Authors: EYUPOGLU Ozan Emre
Published: November 2019

Analysis
of odor components about biochemicals find the wide space in the evaluation of
flavor parameters and anchovies as biological materials. Food dye solutions as
printer's inks were sprayed on to the fabric throughout the printing operation
and skin oil vapors of anchovy were simultaneously sent to the paper hopper of
printer intensely via a nebulizer device. Before and after dyeing process,
images of tela fabric were taken by smartphone and analyzed by software in the
smartphone for the purpose of determination of colorimetric fragrance component
concentrations and visual odor profile in range of visible region. The ten
major ingredient contents (with relative percentages) (aldehyde compounds
intensely such as 2,4-heptadienal (23%), (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal (17%)) of anchovy
skin essential oils were determined. For colorimetric printing analysis via
smartphone, LOD and LOQ were 1 ppm and 3 ppm, respectively. Methodology can be
used in the analysis of toxic components that interact with foods.
Treatment options of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses diseases
Authors: Karpishchenko S. A. , Baranskaya S. V.
Published: November 2019

Currently, the pathology of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is an urgent public health problem. Rhinosinusitis is one of the leading causes of patients seeking medical attention. In addition to traditional anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, decongestant and antihistamine therapy, agents with mucolytic properties are widely used. The basis of rhinosinusitis is a process of violation of mucociliary clearance. Sinonasal secretions in rhinosinusitis are more viscous,elastic, and adhesive than normal nasal mucus. A change in the composition of the nasal secretion leads to stagnation of the contents in the sinuses, promotes bacterial colonization. The appointment of mucolytics regulates secretion and normalizes the viscosity of the secretion. The article provides an example of the clinical use of Sinupret®.
New trends in preserving breastfeeding by use of probiotics to prevent mastitis and lactostasis in breastfeeding women
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Kuchina А. Е. , Berezhnaya I. V.
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the unique property of autonomous variability in breast milk composition under the influence of external factors, including endogenous (hormonal) and exogenous (dietary, environmental) factors. The authors presented the analysis of study findings, how the method of delivery and antibiotic prophylaxis affect the bacterial composition of milk and discuss whether there is a difference between two factors. The results of EUROMAPGROUP and HUMAP studies and an approximate estimation of antibiotics volume (in tons) used in food animal production are presented, which demonstrates one of the global problems of our time antibiotic resistance. A modern method for preventing lactational mastitis using the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716, which was recently launched to the Russian pharmaceutical market, is proposed to prevent the child from receiving subtherapeutic antibiotic doses with mother’s milk. The main studies on the breast milk probiotics and the prevention of mastitis and lactostasis in breastfeeding women are presented.
Use of inosine pranobex in frequently ill children
Authors: Drozdov V. N. , Vorob’eva O. A. , Serebrova S. Yu. , Shikh E. V.
Published: November 2019

The follow-up group of «frequently ill children» is formed on the basis of criteria formulated by domestic pediatricians A.A. Baranov and V.Yu. Al’bitskiy, due to the high relevance of medical, social and economic problems caused by the increased morbidity in this category of patients especially with acute respiratory infections, with likely development of severe complications or the manifestation of chronic respiratory diseases. In general, the state of the immune system in frequently ill children is characterized by decreased local immunity and increased stress of systemic immunity, and the features of the functional immunity activity in this category of patients determine the various possibilities to affect immunity during the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory infections. This article discusses the features of the functional activity of the immune system in frequently ill children, as well as the possibilities of drug management of its disorders and the benefits of using inosine pranobex to prevent and treat respiratory infections in this category of patients. According to the international classification of drugs maintained by the World Health Organization, the drug belongs to the groups of immunomodulators (L) and antimicrobial antiviral drugs (J) for systemic use. It is proved that inosine pranobex effectively increases cellular and humoral immunity, and reduces non-specifically the viral replication capacity. During clinical trials, the drug proved to be a highly effective and safe component of the complex treatment of acute respiratory infections in frequently ill children. The use of inosine pranobex reduces the duration and intensity of symptoms of infectious respiratory tract diseases. The drug can be recommended for children with concomitant chronic respiratory tract diseases.
From the edges of borders: reflections on water diplomacy in South Asia
Authors: Bisht Medha
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the pitfalls of macro-narrative on water diplomacy in South Asia which remains hostage to a strategic-geo-political construct. Building on critical approaches to water diplomacy, it presents the concept of ‘water communities’, which inhabit the borderlands of South Asia. Such an approach is not only useful in rooting water diplomacy in the concept of water communities but can also add a layered scalar understanding to water diplomacy through a ‘water plus’ approach. Apart from documented stories on cooperation, personal interviews 1 were conducted for highlighting the micro-narratives from the Himalayan borderlands of Bhutan, India and Nepal.
A Construção de Movimento Causado no português brasileiro
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda , Vieira Ferrari Lilian , Oliveira Ramires Pinheiro Diogo
Published: November 2019

Neste trabalho, que se baseia na dissertação de mestrado de Ribeiro (2018), buscamos descrever a Construção de Movimento Causado (CMC) no português brasileiro (PB), a partir de um conjunto de 101 ocorrências extraídas do Corpus NILC / São Carlos. A análise propõe que os verbos capazes de instanciar essa construção podem ser organizados em 12 classes semânticas distintas. Com base nessa análise, postulamos a existência de uma rede taxonômica com três níveis hierárquicos inteiramente abertos (isto é, não preenchidos lexicalmente). Nesse sentido, o trabalho preenche lacuna analítica relevante no que se refere à CMC no português brasileiro, tendo em vista que as análises disponíveis focalizam aspectos bastante específicos desse padrão construcional (FERRARI, 2016), ou representam uma porção limitada da rede construcional relevante (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 2017).
A Qualitative Analysis Based on Relative Expression Orderings Identifies Transcriptional Subgroups for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hong Guini , Zeng Pengming , Li Na , Cai Hao , Guo You , Li Xiaopeng , Li Keshen , Li Hongdong
Published: November 2019

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease. However, few studies have investigated the heterogeneous gene expression patterns in AD.

Objective and Methods:

We examined the gene expression patterns in four brain regions of AD based on the within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs). Gene pairs with significantly reversed REOs in AD samples compared to non-AD controls were identified for each brain region using Fisher’s exact test, and filtered according to their transcriptional differences between AD samples. Subgroups of AD were classified by cluster analysis.

Results:

REO-based gene expression profiling analyses revealed that transcriptional differences, as well as distinct disease subsets, existed within AD patients. For each brain region, two main subgroups were classified: one subgroup reported differentially expressed genes overlapped with the age-related genes, and the other might relate to neuroinflammation.

Conclusion:

AD transcriptional subgroups might help understand the underlying pathogenesis of AD, and lend support to a personalized approach to AD management.
A Facile, Efficient and Solvent-Free Titanium (IV) Ethoxide Catalysed Knoevenagel Condensation of Aldehydes and Active Methylenes
Authors: Ramaiah Manjunatha M. , Shivananju Nanjunda Swamy , Shubha Priya Babu
Published: November 2019

:

Titanium ethoxide has been employed as a novel and efficient reagent for the Knoevenagel
condensation of aldehydes with active methylenes such as diethyl malonate and ethyl cyanoacetate under
solvent free conditions to afford substituted olefins in high to excellent yields. The reaction is suitable
for a variety of aromatic, aliphatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes with various active methylenes.
Parallel to this, microwave irradiation has been utilized to achieve improved reaction rates and enhanced
yields. Herein, we illustrated a convenient method for the preparation of α,β-unsaturated compounds
using both conventional and microwave irradiation methods. An efficient and solvent free
Knoevenagel condensation between aldehydes and active methylenes was developed using titanium
ethoxide. The procedure proved to be successful with a wide range of substrates such as aromatic, aliphatic
and heterocyclic aldehydes and various active methylenes to afford substituted olefins. The reaction
was also carried out under microwave irradiation to accomplish the corresponding olefins with
improved reaction rates, yields and cleaner reaction profiles.We have developed an efficient and novel
methodology for the synthesis of olefinic compounds by Knoevenagel condensation under solvent-free
conditions using titanium ethoxide, for the first time, as a reagent as well as a solvent. This method is
appropriate for the synthesis of a variety of aromatic aldehydes containing various electron-donating
and withdrawing groups, aliphatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes. The significant advantages offered by
this methodology could be applied to various active methylenes in order to offer the corresponding
Knoevenagel products. Thus, we believe that this method delivers high conversions, cleaner reaction
profiles under solvent-free reaction conditions and shorter reaction times, all of which make it a very
useful and attractive approach for the preparation of a wide range of substituted olefins.
Carbon-carbon Bond Cleavage Catalyzed by Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: α-ketol as the Key Intermediate Metabolite in Sequential Metabolism of Olanexidine
Authors: Hu Yiding , Xiao Yi , Rao Zhesui , Kumar Vasant , Liu Hanlan , Lu Chuang
Published: November 2019

Background:

Carbon-carbon bond cleavage of a saturated aliphatic moiety is rarely seen in
xenobiotic metabolism. Olanexidine (Olanedine®), containing an n-octyl (C8) side chain, was mainly
metabolized to various shortened side chain (C4to C6) acid-containing metabolites in vivo in preclinical
species. In liver microsomes and S9, the major metabolites of olanexidine were from multi-oxidation
on its n-octyl (C8) side chain. However, the carbon-carbon bond cleavage mechanism of n-octyl (C8)
side chain, and enzyme(s) responsible for its metabolism in human remained unknown.

Methods:

A pair of regioisomers of α-ketol-containing C8side chain olanexidine analogs (3,2-ketol
olanexidine and 2,3-ketol olanexidine) were synthesized, followed by incubation in human liver microsomes,
recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes or human hepatocytes, and subsequent metabolite
identification using LC/UV/MS.

Results:

Multiple shortened side chain (C4to C6) metabolites were identified, including C4, C5and C6-
acid and C6-hydroxyl metabolites. Among 19 cytochrome P450 enzymes tested, CYP2D6, CYP3A4
and CYP3A5 were identified to catalyze carbon-carbon bond cleavage.

Conclusions:

3,2-ketol olanexidine and 2,3-ketol olanexidine were confirmed as the key intermediates in
carbon-carbon bond cleavage. Its mechanism is proposed that a nucleophilic addition of iron-peroxo species,
generated by CYP2D6 and CYP3A4/5, to the carbonyl group caused the carbon-carbon bond cleavage
between the adjacent hydroxyl and ketone groups. As results, 2,3-ketol olanexidine formed a C6side
chain acid metabolite. While, 3,2-ketol olanexidine formed a C6side chain aldehyde intermediate, which
was either oxidized to a C6side chain acid metabolite or reduced to a C6side chain hydroxyl metabolite.
ARM-based Behavior Tracking and Identification System for Grouphoused Pigs
Authors: Liu Xingqiao , Xuan Jun , Hussain Fida , Chong Chen , Li Pengyu
Published: November 2019

Background:

A smart monitoring system is essential to improve the quality of pig farming.
A real-time monitoring system provides growth, health and food information of pigs while the
manual monitoring method is inefficient and produces stress on pigs, and the direct contact between
human and pig body increases diseases.

Methods:

In this paper, an ARM-based embedded platform and image recognition algorithms are
proposed to monitor the abnormality of pigs. The proposed approach provides complete information
on in-house pigs throughout the day such as eating, drinking, and excretion behaviors. The
system records in detail each pig's time to eat and drink, and the amount of food and water intake.

Results:

The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is about 85%,
and the effect of the technique has a significant advantage over traditional behavior detection
methods.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the ARM-based behavior recognition algorithm has certain reference significance
for the fine group aquaculture industry. The proposed approach can be used for a central
monitoring system.
Mobile Apps to Support Caregiver-Resident Communication in Long-Term Care: Systematic Search and Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wilson Rozanne , Cochrane Diana , Mihailidis Alex , Small Jeff
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

In long-term residential care (LTRC), caregivers’ attempts to provide person-centered care can be challenging when assisting residents living with a communication disorder (eg, aphasia) and/or a language-cultural barrier. Mobile communication technology, which includes smartphones and tablets and their software apps, offers an innovative solution for preventing and overcoming communication breakdowns during activities of daily living. There is a need to better understand the availability, relevance, and stability of commercially available communication apps (cApps) that could support person-centered care in the LTRC setting.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) systematically identify and evaluate commercially available cApps that could support person-centered communication (PCC) in LTRC and (2) examine the stability of cApps over 2 years.

METHODS

We conducted systematic searches of the Canadian App Store (iPhone Operating System platform) in 2015 and 2017 using predefined search terms. cApps that met the study’s inclusion criteria underwent content review and quality assessment.

RESULTS

Although the 2015 searches identified 519 unique apps, only 27 cApps were eligible for evaluation. The 2015 review identified 2 augmentative and alternative cApps and 2 translation apps as most appropriate for LTRC. Despite a 205% increase (from 199 to 607) in the number of augmentative and alternative communication and translation apps assessed for eligibility in the 2017 review, the top recommended cApps showed suitability for LTRC and marketplace stability.

CONCLUSIONS

The recommended existing cApps included some PCC features and demonstrated marketplace longevity. However, cApps that focus on the inclusion of more PCC features may be better suited for use in LTRC, which warrants future development. Furthermore, cApp content and quality would improve by including research evidence and experiential knowledge (eg, nurses and health care aides) to inform app development. cApps offer care staff a tool that could promote social participation and person-centered care.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/10.2196/17136
Kritik Kekuasaan Mpu Tantular sebagai Ulayatisasi Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Authors: Utomo Hartmantyo Pradigto , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: November 2019

Orientalisme dan kebergantungan akademis merupakan dua unsur yang menjangkiti ilmu sosial di Indonesia. Kedua unsur tersebut mengakibatkan kekosongan tradisi pemikiran ilmu sosial yang berasal dari Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini mengupayakan tradisi pemikiran alternatif melalui gagasan Mpu Tantular dalam Kakawin Sutasoma yang berasal dari zaman Kerajaan Majapahit. Pemikiran Mpu Tantular dipilih berdasarkan dua pertimbangan. Pertama belum terdapat penelitian ilmu sosial yang berfokus pada pemikiran zaman kerajaan Kedua relevansi pemikiran kritis yang terdapat di dalamnya. Penafsiran pemikiran Mpu Tantular dikerangkai dengan konsep Ulayatisasi Ilmu Sosial yang bertujuan untuk menghadirkan pusat ilmu pengetahuan yang baru. Metode penafsiran menggunakan hermeneutika untuk menghadirkan tafsir baru terhadap teks. Meletakkan pemikiran Mpu Tantular dalam tradisi ilmu sosial Indonesia dengan menghadirkan relevansi wacana kebergantungan akademis pada tradisi ilmu sosial Barat yang memuncak di zaman Orde Baru. Kebergantungan akademis dihadirkan melalui penerapan gagasan modernisme Amerika yang berbasis pada pemikiran Talcott Parsons. Ilmuwan sosial menerapkan gagasan modernisme Amerika yang bertujuan untuk melegitimasi kekuasaan ekonomi politik yang disertai dengan kekerasan rezim Orde Baru. Pada kondisi tersebutlah pemikiran Mpu Tantular mendapatkan relevansinya sebagai kajian awal guna menghadirkan tradisi pemikiran ilmu sosial Indonesia melalui gagasan kritik kekuasaan.
Market Fundamentalism and the Ethics of Democracy in Uganda
Authors: George Kizito Michael
Published: November 2019

Democratic systems ought to have certain central tenets that act as ethical boundaries. The violation of these ethical boundaries relegates democratic systems to mere mirages, perversions and phantoms. The market fundamentalistic stance of neo-liberalism leads to the abuse of virtually all the central tenets of democracy. Neo-liberalism advocates for a weak interventionist state in terms of fostering human rights and social justice and a strong regulatory state in terms of protecting and promoting markets and private property. Democracy on the other hand calls for a strong interventionist state to implement the human rights and social justice mandate on behalf of the people and a strong regulatory state to curtail the abuse of human rights and social justice. This paper argues that in neo-liberal states like Uganda, markets and the accumulations of private property in most cases through primitive accumulation take precedence over democracy. This has culminated into privations of democracy such as; autocratic majoritarianism, mobocracy, kleptocracy, prebendalism and neo-patrimonialism.
El colectivo LGTBI en el deporte como objeto de investigación sociológica. Estado de la cuestión
Authors: Moscoso David , Piedra Joaquín
Published: November 2019

El deporte ha sido históricamente un lugar de dominación masculina, reservado a un único colectivo: los hombres que cumplen con los requisitos de lo que Connell (1995) denomina masculinidad hegemónica (heterosexualidad, desarrollo físico, poca afectividad). Dicha dominación explica la escasa participación de las mujeres y el rechazo de la homosexualidad en la práctica deportiva. A pesar del cambio social experimentado en las sociedades avanzadas, el deporte sigue siendo uno de los pilares más acentuados de la dominación androcéntrica, con gran hostilidad hacia la presencia de gays y lesbianas en sus espacios de práctica, determinando estructural y simbólicamente la institución deportiva. Este artículo analiza el estado de la cuestión de la historia del deporte homosexual, los avances legislativos y normativos, y las principales líneas de investigación que desde las ciencias sociales se han desarrollado hasta nuestros días.
¿Se está incrementando la brecha entre representantes y representados? Una reflexión a propósito de El poder político en España
Authors: Rodríguez Teruel Juan
Published: November 2019

La tesis de la crisis de la representación postula el declive y transformación de los partidos políticos y algunas instituciones tradicionales como instrumentos de intermediación entre la sociedad y el estado. Esta perspectiva condiciona la forma en que los ciudadanos y los propios parlamentarios conciben y ejercen la representación política. Sin embargo, como ilustra El poder político en España, la dimensión multinivel es imprescindible para entender la función representativa y el vínculo élitemasa. En este texto, sugerimos algunos ejemplos adicionales para subrayar esa influencia: en contextos de polarización sobre el eje de la identidad nacional, en el apoyo a la Unión Europea y en las preferencias sobre el funcionamiento de las instituciones.
La ambivalencia ante la innovación: representaciones sociales de los riesgos y beneficios de la innovación en la sociedad española
Authors: Iturrate Meras Diana
Published: November 2019

Los estudios de innovación han prestado poca atención a la percepción pública o significados de la innovación. Este artículo realiza una contribución a la sociología de la innovación utilizando el concepto de ambivalencia. El objetivo principal es indagar los riesgos y los beneficios asociados a la innovación. Los datos utilizados se basan en una encuesta personal cara a cara representativa de la población española. Las percepciones sobre riesgos y beneficios se utilizan para elaborar una tipología de la diversidad de ideas y sentidos de la innovación mediante análisis factorial y de conglomerados. Además, se usan los conocimientos relacionados con la innovación y actitudes pro-innovadoras de los encuestados para entender cómo la percepción pública de la innovación está influida por factores sociales, económicos y culturales. El artículo permite observar cómo la ambivalencia es una clave central para entender el papel de la innovación en el imaginario colectivo.
Model of designing resources of Moscow E-School in the subject area “Mathematics” of basic general education
Authors: Denischeva Larisa O , Semenyachenko Yuliya A , Fedoseeva Zoya R , Zhdanov Alexander A , Zakharova Tatyana A
Published: November 2019

Introduction and goal. The article deals with the actual problem associated with the development of various methodological aspects of preparing scripts for math lessons in the Moscow E-School (MESH), which have not yet been considered in the methodology, which will help the mathematics teacher to get involved in active and productive work on the use of a new electronic resource. Research objectives were deﬁnition of approaches to the development of a typology of scenarios of math lessons in MESH and creation of a model of the most popular types of scenarios. Materials and methods. The deﬁnition of approaches to creation of typology of scenarios of lessons of mathematics was carried out on the basis of the analysis of scientiﬁc literature, analytical activity, a method of modeling and carrying out questioning of workers of education. Results. The most often applied types of scenarios for mathematics lessons which can be created by the teacher by means of the available MESH resources have been developed and described. Such types of scenarios reﬂect the model made on a basis of system-activity approach, and include motivational, activity, control and reﬂective blocks. The proposed model provides for the possibility of a uniﬁed representation of scenarios. Conclusions. The application of the developed approaches will ensure the eﬃciency of work of the teacher, rational use of software, technological advantages and key opportunities of tools of MESH, will facilitate search of the necessary scenario in MESH.
The birth rate in BRICS countries under the gender inequality in the labor market
Authors: Kizilova K , Mosakova E A
Published: November 2019

Demographic security under the uneven replacement of population due to significant fluctuations in birthrates is one of the most important problems for many states and global communities. According to the numerous studies, the developed countries face the challenge of depopulation and need to increase fertility, while the developing countries experience demographic boom and need to reduce fertility. The article considers the dynamics of fertility rates in the BRICS countries in the context of gender inequality in labor relations. The authors show that gender discrimination in labor relations affects fertility. The BRICS countries demonstrate that the lower birthrate the higher the level of women’s employment, of women’s wages, of gender equality in the economic sphere, and the larger the share of female students in the higher education. For the contemporary Russian society this correlation is reverse. The BRICS group consists mainly of developing countries, whose demographic transition has not yet been completed. For this reason, these countries demonstrate a negative correlation between fertility and gender inequality in the labor market. According to the sociological research findings, women there are still challenged with the choice between family and employment. Significant gender inequality in the labor market is an additional factor that forces women into the sphere of family employment. Gender discrimination in the labor market in Russia has a completely different impact on the birthrate than in other BRICS countries: a lower level of gender inequality in the labor market, on the contrary, contributes to the higher fertility. On the one hand, the higher level of gender equality in the labor market makes it easier for women to combine family employment and career, which results in larger number of children per family. On the other hand, the tradition to have several children declines. Therefore, the gender equality policy in a long run determines a smaller number of children per family in the future.
International migration in border regions of Russia: Structural modeling of public attitudes
Authors: Maximova S G , Omelchenko D A , Noyanzina O E
Published: November 2019

Changes in migration patterns and structure of international migration in Russia, its shift towards more transit forms in the interests of labor market and local conditions, together with serious economic and demographic losses, determine the need to change the migration policies. Such policies, if they focus on migrants without taking into account the public opinion of the host population, cannot ensure the balance of interests and stability in the region or realization of benefits of international migration. It is the choice of the host population that determines acculturation strategies and success of adaptation and integration of migrants. Based on the data of the sociological research conducted in 2018 in the border regions of Russia, the authors claim the existence of general evaluative factor of public attitudes and present the structural model of its determination consisting of institutional characteristics of regional society and social-structural and identification characteristics of respondents. According to the results of the research, the population of border regions believe that migration does not have any positive impact on the Russian economy and cannot compensate demographic losses, and underestimate risks of discrimination and social exclusion of labor migrants. In the majority of regions studied, the general perception of migration is affected by diasporal identities and comparison of the region with ‘the rest of Russia’. The subjective assessment of personal security, financial situation, migration experience and cultural factors are important for variability of indicators or regions. The study highlights the importance of fight against ethnic prejudices and migrantophobia and of positive public opinion for the effective migration policy reflecting national interests in terms of attracting foreign human and cultural capital.
What is the Colour of the Feeling (A Case Study of English Idioms with Colour Components)
Authors: Pasechnik Tatyana B , Savelieva Inna G
Published: November 2019

The present article explores English phraseological units with the meaning of emotion that have been fully or partially rethought and have a colour component. The emotive component of the idioms mentioned, is, thus, the object of the present study. In this paper we endeavor to show that the colour nominations which correlated to the concepts of ‘warmth’ and ‘coldness’ define the semantics of the whole idiom which is used for figurative naming human emotions. Looking at the use of colour components in an idiom, we cannot, but consider the key element of an idiom, i.e. idiomaticity, which we understand as the reinterpretation of an expression and the murkiness of its meaning. The article contains the analysis of both idioms which can be traced to free collocations and expressions which are not used in their literal meaning. The group of idioms in question primarily comprises the expressions of murky semantic structure. The examples of colour names exemplify the situation, when reinterpretation can apply no just to a single expression, but also to its components. In this case the colour component of the idiom acquires new semantics, i.e. It no longer means the colour in its literal sense, thus adding the meaning of ‘emotion’ to the semantic structure of the idiom, giving it a new meaning. It is worth pointing out that the number of colour nominations that can be viewed from this perspective is limited. At the same time a huge number of words denoting colours and shades have now emotive meanings whatsoever. However, if we look at other languages, we might find such examples, which in turn can be explained by the fact that people of different cultures perceive the world differently. Language is very good at capturing similarities and differences. The questions raised in the article are of utmost importance as they resonate with the current trends in linguistics, namely with the theory of secondary nomination in various languages and the issues of ideas’ verbalization in phraseological units. Typological and etymological studies of dozens of languages have revealed a set of universal mechanisms in the system of color naming. However, along with universal mechanisms, there are language and culture specific ones. The analysis of such kind gives us a better understanding of this part of the worldview in different cultures.
Water supply regulation in Nigeria: problems, challenges, solutions and benefits
Authors: Balogun Olajumoke Rukayat , Redina Margarita M
Published: November 2019

Even though Nigeria is recognized for her rich vegetation and tropical weather and blessed with surplus water resources, the country still faces challenges on getting clean water supply around the country and mostly depend on alternative water supply like well, borehole and river. These alternative water supply systems are not efficient and viable enough for water supply systems especially in a country with large population. The country is characterized by irregular water supply and water management laws are also weak and mostly not in conformity with today's standard and needs. Proper management and conservation of the water supply services and resource has not given adequate attention by the government. It is, therefore, important to identify such factor that inhibits the implementation of water regulations and proffer a solution to these. In a bid to provide an understanding of the effect of implementing and enforcing stringent water regulation and providing adequate water supply, we compare forecasted population with investment capital expenditure (CAPEX) for water supply by Millennium Development Goal (MDG+) targets. The result shows that in year to come, the country will significantly benefit from investing and providing regular water supply through employment availability and revenue generated through utility water bills, spending less on epidemic of water-borne diseases thereby improving the lives and health of its citizen.
The role of labour market integration, language proficiency and inter-ethnic contacts in shaping life satisfaction among immigrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Pletneva Iuliia E
Published: November 2019

Studies show relatively low life satisfaction among immigrants and ethnic minorities. At the same time, it was found that subjective well-being plays an important role in the process of social integration of immigrants. This study contributes to the existing literature by exploring the meditative role of integration in the labor market and inter-ethnic contacts in the relationship between language proficiency and life satisfaction among the first and second generation of Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands. Based on data from the Netherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study (NELLS), an analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that despite the fact that language acquisition does not have a direct effect on increasing life satisfaction among immigrants, it does have a positive effect through increasing labor integration and contacts with members of the ethnic majority.
EU in the system of trade interests of USA
Authors: Konovalova Yulia A , Ushanov Stepan A
Published: November 2019

Article is dedicated to the trade and economic links of USA and EU. The authors tried to find out key features and characteristics of these cooperation. The result of the investigation and the analysis is development of the term “economic anamorphosis”, the concept of which is the critical domination of the weight and share of limited list of partners in the system of bilateral cooperation, when one of the partners is regional economic integration, and the biggest share of trade, capital, human and other flows is attracted by these determined limited list of countries. Such situation can be estimated as disproportion of partner’s estimation and evaluation by each other. It means that economic integration is estimated not as the complex partner and subject of the global economy but with the using of deduction method.
The symbolic problems associated with Runge-Kutta methods and their solving in Sage
Authors: Ying Yu
Published: November 2019

Runge-Kutta schemes play a very important role in solving ordinary differential equations numerically. At first we want to present the Sage routine for calculation of Butcher matrix, we call it an rk package. We tested our Sage routine in several numerical experiments with standard and symplectic schemes and verified our result by corporation with results of the calculations made by hand.Second, in Sage there are the excellent tools for investigation of algebraic sets, based on Gröbner basis technique. As we all known, the choice of parameters in Runge- Kutta scheme is free. By the help of these tools we study the algebraic properties of the manifolds in affine space, coordinates of whose are Butcher coefficients in Runge-Kutta scheme. Results are given both for explicit Runge-Kutta scheme and implicit Runge-Kutta scheme by using our rk package. Examples are carried out to justify our results. All calculation are executed in the computer algebra system Sage.
INOVASI KURIKULUM DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN (Suatu Analisis Implementatif)
Authors: Thaib Razali M , Siswanto Irman
Published: November 2019

The curriculum is one of the important components that are crucial in the education system of units, and is a tool to achieve educational goals as well as guidance in the implementation of teaching in all types and levels of education. As a consequence, implementing curriculum in schools should manage well, so that the learning outcomes will be more effective, to realize it, it requires good management. This curriculum management meant that the educational process will take place in schools can be directed and coordinated in a systematic manner to achieve educational goals that have been set. In the management of the curriculum very necessitated a review-a review of theoretical and practical curriculum that can be managed always in line with the development of human life, science, technology and personal development subjects students. to address any problems that arise in the school environment, especially in the field of teaching and learning, it is highly charged policy principal as manager to always involve personnel-school personnel such as teachers, school committees, teachers bimpen and all parties involved in the implementation of the curriculum, to perform periodic review of the curriculum by involving all stakeholders, the curriculum review purposes, as an effective goal to improve learning outcomes are maximized.
PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN DAN ILMU MENGAJAR
Authors: Ichsan Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Educational psychology is the science of knowledge-that talks about human behavior in the teaching-learning process, and he has a close relationship with science teaching. Where in the process of teaching, educators are required to have adequate knowledge of the material being taught, and also mastered the different methods of delivery so that what is delivered is understandable and easily understood by students. So mastery of educational psychology (educational psychology) is a demand for educators. As defined educational psychology is simply a science which studies human behavior that takes place in the teaching-learning process. While teaching is defined as an activity to organize or manage the environment as well as possible and connect with the child, resulting in a process of learning. In the teaching-learning process, educators should pay attention to the students, the rate of growth and the individual differences that exist between them. As the experts in this case the pupils to classify three types: (1) Type of auditory, easy to accept the lesson by hearing. (2) Type Visual, easy merima learning through sight. (3) Type of methodical, easy to accept the lesson through the motions.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU BULLYING PADA MAHASISWA UMN ALWASHLIYAH
Authors: Putri Shavreni Oktadi , Silalahi Beta Rapita
Published: November 2019

Bullying behavior phenomenon that is conducted by students are getting apprehensive lately, that because education institutions are as the places to educate people turn into bullying behavior spot including university students. Bullying means as an attempt which is conducted to harm a group or a person. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out levels and kinds of bullying that happened among UMN Al Washliyah Students. Research subject were 102 students of UMN at education of early childhooddepartment that were taken from 4 classes by using cluster random sampling method. Data collection was conducted by using bullying scale from Colloroso. Data analysis method by using Pearson product moment and descriptive statistic. The results of study show that (1) the level of bullying behavior which is done by students is at the medium category with the percentage 74,5%. (2) kindof bullying behaviors which are done most by students is verbal bullying with the percentage73.5% and (3) bullying behaviorthat is done very often by students in 7th semester is 83,9%.
Modelling of the adsorption of chlorinated phenols on polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate microplastic
Authors: Loncarski Maja , Tubic Aleksandra , Kragulj-Isakovski Marijana , Jovic Branislav , Apostolovic Tamara , Nikic Jasmina , Agbaba Jasmina
Published: November 2019

The role of microplastics (MPs) on the fate and transport of various pollutants in water matrices is of major concern, but it is still relatively under investigated. In order to consider the conditions in real aquatic environments, the changes to polyethylene (PE) structure during the fabrication of microplastic particles for specific uses should not be neglected. Thus, this work considers isolated PE from two types of personal care products, which are possible sources of microplastic contamination in aquatic environments. The adsorption affinity of these PE microplastics towards ionisable compounds was compared with those of standards of PE and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), using chlorinated phenols (4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol) as adsorbates. The pseudo-second order kinetic model described well the sorption process for all chlorinated phenols on all four types of MPs (R2 range: 0.900?0.998). The kinetic study showed that sorption rates are mainly controlled by hydrophobic interactions and molecule size. Adsorption isotherms were best described by the Freundlich model for all MPs. The obtained results indicate that MPs could serve for the transport of chlorinated phenols through ambient waters.
”Det är något jag känner att jag är menad för”. En diskursanalytisk studie av nyblivna studenters val att läsa en lärarutbildning
Authors: Risenfors Signild , Almér Elin
Published: November 2019

I följande artikel undersöks vilka diskurser och positioneringar som framträder hos studenter angående deras val att läsa en lärarutbildning. Positioneringar handlar i denna studie om grad av säkerhet, generalisering och attityd, som här har att göra med känslor och värderingar. Att få syn på diskurserna och positioneringarna är relevant för lärarutbildare för att kunna utveckla adekvata strategier för undervisning inom lärarutbildningen. Emedan tidigare forskning genomlyst motiven med en innehållslig synvinkel presenteras i den här artikeln en motsvarande genomlysning av hur innehållet, det vill säga motiven, faktiskt formuleras. Vi menar att i sättet att formulera motiven finns en problematisk aspekt som lärarutbildare bör bemöta för att undervisningen ska leda till att lärarstudenten får en utbildning som är hållbar över tid i ett samhälle i ständig förändring. Resultatet av den studie vi presenterar visar att studenterna främst uttrycker en social diskurs och positioneringar som förmedlar en syn på lärar- och elevidentiteter som förhållandevis ensidiga. I mötet med ett akademiskt förhållningssätt där perspektivtagande och utveckling står i fokus kan en dylik hållning behöva luckras upp för att ge utrymme för förståelse av kunskapande och undervisningskontexter.
KOMPARASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE DAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA
Authors: Mawar Ni Komang , Suardana I Nyoman , Juniartina Putu Prima
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan hasil belajar IPA antara siswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share dan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student teams achievement division. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan rancangan Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 Singaraja semester genap tahun ajaran 2017/2018 yang berjumlah 304 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A3 yang berjumlah 32 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 dan siswa kelas VII B2 yang berjumlah 26 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen 2. Objek penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar IPA siswa. Data hasil belajar IPA diperoleh melalui tes pilihan ganda. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar IPA siswa dan dianalisis secara inferensial dengan uji ANCOVA 1 jalur dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar IPA siswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS dan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa pada kelas kooperatif tipe TPS dan kooperatif tipe STAD secara berturut-turut sebesar 80,46 dan 62,34.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK TERHADAP KREATIVITAS SISWA SMP PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA
Authors: Wulandari Ade Sintia , Suardana I Nyoman , Devi N. L. Pande Latria
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis proyek terhadap kreativitas siswa SMP pada pembelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Sukasada tahun ajaran 2017/2018 yang terdiri atas 150 orang yang tersebar ke dalam 5 kelas. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling sebanyak dua kelas yaitu siswa kelas VIID sebagai kelas eksperimen diterapkan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek (PjBL) dan siswa kelas VIIE sebagai kelas kontrol diterapkan model kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD). Objek penelitian ini adalah kreativitas siswa yang dikumpulkan menggunakan metode tes. Data kreativitas dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil rata-rata kreativitas siswa sedangkan statistik inferensial digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian menggunakan uji ANCOVA satu jalur dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model PjBL lebih baik dari siswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh skor rata-rata posttest pada kelompok model PjBL dan kelompok model kooperatif tipe STAD berturut-turut sebesar 88,67 dan 33,86.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SMP
Authors: Putri Ni Putu Ista Arisna , Pujani Ni Made , Devi Ni Luh Pande Latria
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan keterampilan sosial dan prestasi belajar antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share dan model pembelajaran langsung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMPN 3 Banjar pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 275 siswa. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 kelas yang berjumlah 64 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Data keterampilan sosial dikumpulkan menggunakan angket dengan reliabilitas 0,89 dan prestasi belajar menggunakan tes prestasi belajar dengan reliabilitas 0,69. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji manova. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1)Terdapat perbedaan keterampilan sosial dan prestasi belajar secara bersama-sama antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share dan model pembelajaran langsung (sig<0,05); (2)Terdapat perbedaan keterampilan sosial antara siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share dan model pembelajaran langsung (sig<0,05); dan (3)Terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar antara siswa yang belajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share dan model pembelajaran langsung (sig<0,05). Hasil uji LSD menunjukan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share lebih baik daripada model pembelajaran langsung dalam meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan prestasi belajar siswa.