bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological and Histomorphometric Analyses of Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats Using a Xenograft Material
Authors: Shaheen Marwa Y. , Basudan Amani M. , Niazy Abdurahman A. , van den Beucken Jeroen J. J. P. , Jansen John A. , Alghamdi Hamdan S.
Published: January 2021

We evaluated the effect of osteoporotic induction after eight weeks of initial healing of bone defects grafted with a xenograft material in a rat model. Bone defects were created in the femoral condyles of 16 female Wistar rats (one defect per rat). The defects were filled with bovine bone (Inter-Oss) granules. After eight weeks of bone healing, rats were randomly ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). At 14 weeks of bone healing, all animals were euthanized. Bone specimens were harvested and processed for histological and histomorphometric analyses to assess new bone formation (N-BF%), remaining bone graft (RBG%) and trabecular bone space (Tb.Sp%) within the defect area. After 14 weeks of bone healing, histological evaluation revealed a significant alteration in trabecular bone in OVX rats compared to SHAM rats. There was lower N-BF% in OVX rats (22.5% ± 3.0%) compared to SHAM rats (37.7% ± 7.9%; p < 0.05). Additionally, the RBG% was significantly lower in OVX (23.7% ± 5.8%) compared to SHAM (34.8% ± 9.6%; p < 0.05) rats. Finally, the Tb.Sp% was higher in OVX (53.8% ± 7.7%) compared to SHAM (27.5% ± 14.3%; p < 0.05) rats. In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, inducing an osteoporotic condition in a rat model negatively influenced bone regeneration in the created bone defect and grafted with a xenograft material.
A Stochastic Lomax Diffusion Process: Statistical Inference and Application
Authors: Nafidi Ahmed , Makroz Ilyasse , Gutiérrez Sánchez Ramón
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we discuss a new stochastic diffusion process in which the trend function is proportional to the Lomax density function. This distribution arises naturally in the studies of the frequency of extremely rare events. We first consider the probabilistic characteristics of the proposed model, including its analytic expression as the unique solution to a stochastic differential equation, the transition probability density function together with the conditional and unconditional trend functions. Then, we present a method to address the problem of parameter estimation using maximum likelihood with discrete sampling. This estimation requires the solution of a non-linear equation, which is achieved via the simulated annealing method. Finally, we apply the proposed model to a real-world example concerning adolescent fertility rate in Morocco.
Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of 2205/316L Stainless Steel Dissimilar Welded Joints
Authors: Hernández-Trujillo Saúl Leonardo , Lopez-Morelos Victor Hugo , García-Rentería Marco Arturo , García-Hernández Rafael , Ruiz Alberto , Curiel-López Francisco Fernando
Published: January 2021

The relation among microstructure and fatigue behavior of 2205/316L stainless steel dissimilar welded joints was investigated. Plates of 6.35 mm in thickness with a single-V joint configuration were gas metal arc welded (GMAW) in a single pass by feeding at 6 m/min an ER2209 filler wire with a heat input of 1.2 kJ/mm. Grain growth in the high temperature-heat affected zone (HT-HAZ) occurred mostly at the mid-height of the plates, delimiting the width of this region up to ~1.28 and ~0.73 mm of the 2205 and 316L plates, respectively. Dilution of the 316L plate with the ER2209 filler altered the solidification mode in this side of the weld and led to a significant content of austenite along the fusion line. Fatigue tests were performed using sinusoidal waveform at room temperature applying uniaxial cyclic loading, between constant stress limits within the elastic deformation of tension and compression (Δσ) with stress ratio R = −0.3. With stress ranges of 98% and 95% the fatigue specimens rapidly failed in much less than 106 cycles. The failure crack initiated at the surface of the 316L in the HT-HAZ near the weld toe. Surface analyses of unbroken specimens before and after fatigue testing revealed a significant increment in roughness of the 316L base material owing to the formation of intrusions and extrusions.
Application of a Novel Lytic Podoviridae Phage Pu20 for Biological Control of Drug-Resistant Salmonella in Liquid Eggs
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ding Yifeng , Li Wanning , Zhu Wenjuan , Wang Jia , Wang Xiaohong
Published: January 2021

Salmonella is a globally distributed zoonotic pathogen. Among them, S. pullorum is a host-specific pathogen that seriously affects the development of the poultry breeding industry in China. It mainly infects chickens and can cause white scabs, and the mortality rate after infection is almost 100%. As antibiotics are widely used in animal feed and other production processes, Salmonella resistance has gradually increased. Therefore, there is an increasing need to develop new technologies to control multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens and confirm their actual effectiveness in the target food matrix. Bacteriophage can efficiently and specifically lyse bacteria, and will be a potential bactericide to replace antibiotics. In this study, 34 strains of Salmonella bacteriophages were isolated from environmental resources. Therein, phage Pu20 with the widest host spectrum had the strongest ability to lyse tested Salmonella strains. Further studies showed that Pu20 had high pH tolerance and heat resistance, short incubation period. Pu20 can effectively inhibit the growth of two strains of MDR Salmonella in liquid egg white and yolk at 4 °C and 25 °C, respectively. According to morphological and phylogenetic analysis, Pu20 belongs to the Podoviridae family. Genomic analysis of Pu20 indicates a linear 59435 bp dsDNA sequence with no homology to virulence or antibiotic resistance-related genes. Together, these results sheds light on the potential biocontrol application value of Pu20 in food products.
Numerical Investigation of Fabricated MWCNTs/Polystyrene Nanofibrous Membrane for DCMD
Authors: Elrasheedy Asmaa , Rabie Mohammed , El-Shazly Ahmed , Bassyouni Mohamed , Abdel-Hamid S.M.S. , El Kady Marwa F.
Published: January 2021

The effect of compositing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with polystyrene (PS) to fabricate nanofibrous membrane by electrospinning technique and comparing the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) performance of the blank and composite membranes is evaluated numerically. Surface morphology of both the pristine and the composite membrane was studied by SEM imaging while the average fiber diameter and average pore size were measured using ImageJ software. Static water contact angle and porosities were also determined for both membranes. Results showed significant enhancement in both the hydrophobicity and porosity of the composite membrane by increasing the static water contact angle from 145.4° for the pristine PS membrane to 155° for the PS/MWCNTs composite membrane while the porosity was increased by 28%. Simulation results showed that at any given feed inlet temperature, the PS/MWCNTs membrane have higher permeate flux and better overall system performance.
Optimal Cleaning Cycle Scheduling under Uncertain Conditions: A Flexibility Analysis on Heat Exchanger Fouling
Authors: Di Pretoro Alessandro , D’Iglio Francesco , Manenti Flavio
Published: January 2021

Fouling is a substantial economic, energy, and safety issue for all the process industry applications, heat transfer units in particular. Although this phenomenon can be mitigated, it cannot be avoided and proper cleaning cycle scheduling is the best way to deal with it. After thorough literature research about the most reliable fouling model description, cleaning procedures have been optimized by minimizing the Time Average Losses (TAL) under nominal operating conditions according to the well-established procedure. For this purpose, different cleaning actions, namely chemical and mechanical, have been accounted for. However, this procedure is strictly related to nominal operating conditions therefore perturbations, when present, could considerably compromise the process profitability due to unexpected shutdown or extraordinary maintenance operations. After a preliminary sensitivity analysis, the uncertain variables and the corresponding disturbance likelihood were estimated. Hence, cleaning cycles were rescheduled on the basis of a stochastic flexibility index for different probability distributions to show how the uncertainty characterization affects the optimal time and economic losses. A decisional algorithm was finally conceived in order to assess the best number of chemical cleaning cycles included in a cleaning supercycle. In conclusion, this study highlights how optimal scheduling is affected by external perturbations and provides an important tool to the decision-maker in order to make a more conscious design choice based on a robust multi-criteria optimization.
Modelling Volatile Time Series with V-Transforms and Copulas
Authors: McNeil Alexander J.
Published: January 2021

An approach to the modelling of volatile time series using a class of uniformity-preserving transforms for uniform random variables is proposed. V-transforms describe the relationship between quantiles of the stationary distribution of the time series and quantiles of the distribution of a predictable volatility proxy variable. They can be represented as copulas and permit the formulation and estimation of models that combine arbitrary marginal distributions with copula processes for the dynamics of the volatility proxy. The idea is illustrated using a Gaussian ARMA copula process and the resulting model is shown to replicate many of the stylized facts of financial return series and to facilitate the calculation of marginal and conditional characteristics of the model including quantile measures of risk. Estimation is carried out by adapting the exact maximum likelihood approach to the estimation of ARMA processes, and the model is shown to be competitive with standard GARCH in an empirical application to Bitcoin return data.
Post Flywheel Squat Potentiation of Vertical and Horizontal Ground Reaction Force Parameters during Jumps and Changes of Direction
Authors: McErlain-Naylor Stuart A. , Beato Marco
Published: January 2021

(1) Background: The aim of the study was to determine the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of vertical and horizontal ground reaction force parameters during jumps and change of direction following flywheel squat exercise using two different flywheel inertias. (2) Methods: Eleven male athletes performed a countermovement jump (CMJ), standing broad jump (SBJ), and “modified 505” change of direction (COD) in a control condition and 6 minutes following three sets of six repetitions of flywheel half squats at one of two inertias (0.029 kg·m2 and 0.061 kg·m2). Peak directional ground reaction force, power, and rate of force development were calculated for each test. (3) Results: Higher inertia flywheel squats were able to acutely enhance CMJ peak vertical force (Bayes Factor (BF10) = 33.5, very strong; δ = 1.66; CI: 0.67, 2.70), whereas lower inertia flywheel squats were able to acutely enhance CMJ peak vertical power (BF10 = 3.65, moderate; δ = 0.93; CI: 0.11, 1.88). The vertical squat exercise induced no PAPE effect on resultant SBJ or horizontal COD ground reaction force parameters, nor were any differences observed between the inertias. (4) Conclusions: Researchers and practitioners should consider the kinetic and kinematic correspondence of a pre-load stimulus to the subsequent sport-specific activity (i.e., flywheel squat to CMJ).
A Novel Apilic Antivenom to Treat Massive, Africanized Honeybee Attacks: A Preclinical Study from the Lethality to Some Biochemical and Pharmacological Activities Neutralization
Authors: Teixeira-Cruz Jhonatha Mota , Strauch Marcelo Abrahão , Monteiro-Machado Marcos , Tavares-Henriques Matheus Silva , de Moraes João Alfredo , Ribeiro da Cunha Luís Eduardo , Ferreira Rui Seabra , Barraviera Benedito , Quintas Luis Eduardo M. , Melo Paulo A.
Published: January 2021

Massive, Africanized honeybee attacks have increased in Brazil over the years. Humans and animals present local and systemic effects after envenomation, and there is no specific treatment for this potentially lethal event. This study evaluated the ability of a new Apilic antivenom, which is composed of F(ab’)2 fraction of specific immunoglobulins in heterologous and hyperimmune equine serum, to neutralize A. mellifera venom and melittin, in vitro and in vivo, in mice. Animal experiments were performed in according with local ethics committee license (UFRJ protocol no. DFBCICB072-04/16). Venom dose-dependent lethality was diminished with 0.25–0.5 μL of intravenous Apilic antivenom/μg honeybee venom. In vivo injection of 0.1–1 μg/g bee venom induced myotoxicity, hemoconcentration, paw edema, and increase of vascular permeability which were antagonized by Apilic antivenom. Cytotoxicity, assessed in renal LLC-PK1 cells and challenged with 10 μg/mL honeybee venom or melittin, was neutralized by preincubation with Apilic antivenom, as well the hemolytic activity. Apilic antivenom inhibited phospholipase and hyaluronidase enzymatic activities. In flow cytometry experiments, Apilic antivenom neutralized reduction of cell viability due to necrosis by honeybee venom or melittin. These results showed that this antivenom is effective inhibitor of honeybee venom actions. Thus, this next generation of Apilic antivenom emerges as a new promising immunobiological product for the treatment of massive, Africanized honeybee attacks.
Feedborne Mycotoxins Beauvericin and Enniatins and Livestock Animals
Authors: Křížová Ludmila , Dadáková Kateřina , Dvořáčková Michaela , Kašparovský Tomáš
Published: January 2021

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several species of fungi, including the Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium species. Currently, more than 300 structurally diverse mycotoxins are known, including a group called minor mycotoxins, namely enniatins, beauvericin, and fusaproliferin. Beauvericin and enniatins possess a variety of biological activities. Their antimicrobial, antibiotic, or ionoforic activities have been proven and according to various bioassays, they are believed to be toxic. They are mainly found in cereal grains and their products, but they have also been detected in forage feedstuff. Mycotoxins in feedstuffs of livestock animals are of dual concern. First one relates to the safety of animal-derived food. Based on the available data, the carry-over of minor mycotoxins from feed to edible animal tissues is possible. The second concern relates to detrimental effects of mycotoxins on animal health and performance. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the relation of minor mycotoxins to livestock animals.
The Suspected Contradictory Role of Parental Care in the Adaption of Planktonic Calanoida to Temporary Freshwater
Authors: Belmonte Genuario
Published: January 2021

Calanoida have the highest number of species among Copepoda in marine plankton, but not in fresh water, where the greatest number are Cyclopoida. Freshwater Cyclopoida also live in more freshwater sites than Calanoida. This could be a consequence of an invasion of freshwater by marine Cyclopoida before Calanoida. Similar to Cyclopoida, but different from marine Calanoida, freshwater Calanoida females produce egg sacs and care for eggs. This strategy is common among all freshwater plankton, suggesting that the evolution of parental care is an obliged adaption to conquer fresh water. Calanoida, different from Cyclopoida, survive adverse conditions as resting eggs. This life-cycle constraint obliges eggs to survive their mother’s death and wait in the benthos for a certain period. The necessity of completing embryonic development and the hatching of eggs far from the mother’s protection may be responsible for the relatively lower evolutionary success of Calanoida in fresh water compared to Cyclopoida (which rest as juveniles, thus protecting eggs in any moment of their development). Therefore, the brooding of eggs appears to be the obliged solution for Calanoida’s final establishment in fresh water, but the dispersion of eggs on the bottom after the mother’s death and during the rest period is probably the weak point in Calanoida’s competition with Cyclopoida.
The Response of Turbidity Maximum to Peak River Discharge in a Macrotidal Estuary
Authors: Yan Yuhan , Song Dehai , Bao Xianwen , Wang Nan
Published: January 2021

The Ou River, a medium-sized river in the southeastern China, is examined to study the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) response to rapidly varied river discharge, i.e., peak river discharge (PRD). This study analyzes the difference in ETM and sediment transport mechanisms between low-discharge and PRD during neap and spring tides by using the Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model. The three-dimensional model is validated by in-situ measurements from 23 April to 22 May 2007. In the Ou River Estuary (ORE), ETM is generally induced by the convergence between river runoff and density-driven flow. The position of ETM for neap and spring tides is similar, but the suspended sediment concentration during spring tide is stronger than that during neap tide. The sediment source of ETM is mainly derived from the resuspension of the seabed. PRD, compared with low-discharge, can dilute the ETM, but cause more sediment to be resuspended from the seabed. The ETM is more seaward during PRD. After PRD, the larger the peak discharge, the longer the recovery time will be. Moreover, the river sediment supply helps shorten ETM recovery time. Mechanisms for this ETM during a PRD can contribute to studies of morphological evolution and pollutant flushing.
Archiver l’éphémère après les attentats de Bruxelles : une réflexion théorique
Authors: Boquet Frédéric , Van Eeeckenrode Marie
Published: January 2021

La collecte des archives éphémères, telles que les témoignages déposés sur les mémoriaux éphémères après les attentats de Bruxelles, invite l’archiviste à en explorer le cadre théorique. Le présent article propose des pistes pour une définition du document éphémère et pointe quelques-uns des enjeux principaux de sa collecte et de son évaluation. Que veut-on « archiver » , comment l’évaluer et quand intervenir ? En d’autres mots, comment résoudre le paradoxe des documents éphémères, ici les « témoignages post-attentat » , qui par leur nature même ne sont pas destinés à être conservés ? Il apparaît indispensable de comprendre la dynamique qui préside à la formation de ces ensembles documentaires, sans producteur identifiable mais dotés d’une cohérence forte.
Growth, optical, spectral, thermal and mechanical investigations of organic NLO crystal cis-2, 6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3, 3-dimethylpiperidin-4-one
Authors: V Mohanraj , S.S. Ilango , S Ponnuswamy
Published: January 2021

The single crystal of cis-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethylpiperidin-4-one (4C3DMPO) has been grown using a slow evaporation technique. 4C3DMPO is a non-centrosymmetric crystal which crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with space group Pna21. Benzene is used as a solvent for the crystal growth based on solubility studies. The mechanical studies, using microhardness methods, have also been carried out. The compound is characterised using UV, FT-IR and NMR spectral studies. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the crystal is established by TG/DTA. The nonlinear optical studies (SHG) of the crystal have been determined using the Kurtz and Perry powder technique and the activity observed is 2.5 times greater than that of KDP.
Paz integral para atender berrinches en el aula de educación preescolar
Authors: Villolas Delgado Yadira Astrid , Sandoval Forero Eduardo Andrés
Published: January 2021

El artículo tiene como perspectiva teórica la paz integral y su objetivo es el de analizar las condiciones de paz imposible que se manifiestan a través del berrinche en los estudiantes de preescolar en el 2° grado grupo “A” del Jardín de Niños Anexo a la Escuela Normal de Capulhuac, Estado de México. Se empleó el método de la etnografía para la paz y se utilizó el cuento como medio y estrategia didáctica para promover la construcción de paz integral en la escuela.
Salud psicológica, educación y paz social en México
Authors: Murueta Reyes Marco Eduardo
Published: January 2021

Equivocadamente, se ha creído que la paz puede conseguirse combatiendo la violencia de unos con otra
mayor. Muchos piensan que la violencia es inherente a los seres humanos, pero la base real de la humanidad
es la cooperación y el afecto que caracteriza a las relaciones pacíficas. El enfoque propuesto por AMLO
contrasta con el de otros gobiernos que ponen el acento en la represión y el castigo para inhibir conductas
antisociales. Sin embargo, las cifras de 2019 y 2020 son mayores que las de años anteriores. Hace falta
comprender mejor en qué consisten las causas de la violencia y, por tanto, las medidas más eficaces lograr la
A DIMENSÃO TERRITORIAL DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE REAFIRMAÇÃO DAS TERRITORIALIDADES NAS COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAS: O CASO DO PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Souza Gomes Renato Augusto
Published: January 2021

Diante das variadas formas de organização social dos agrupamentos populacionais no território brasileiro, vale ressaltar aquelas vividas pelas comunidades tradicionais, que são caracterizadas por grupos culturalmente diferenciados e que se destacam por suas formas de organização social, cultural e econômica específicas, além de desempenharem uma relação singular com seus territórios e com o ambiente natural. Tais grupos vivenciam historicamente um processo de exclusão econômica e social. No entanto, desde a Constituição Federal de 1988, têm ganhado visibilidade por parte das políticas públicas. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca compreender, por meio da vasta literatura sobre o conceito de território, as formas como esses grupos se territorializam nos espaços e o papel dos programas de transferência de renda e das demais políticas públicas nesse processo. Tendo como referência os Grupos Populacionais Tradicionais e Específicos (GPTE) do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF), o estudo busca espacializar as famílias quilombolas beneficiárias do PBF no território goiano, com destaque para o território quilombola do Sítio Histórico Kalunga (SHK), localizado no nordeste goiano. O estudo enfatiza a importância da dimensão territorial das políticas públicas no fortalecimento das territorialidades e identidades dos grupos tradicionais nos seus espaços de resistência.
The Philosophical Originality of a Theologian
Authors: Zhyrkova Anna
Published: January 2021

This paper explores possible reasons for the comparatively low estimation of the potential philosophical significance of Byzantine theological thought, which, in contemporary studies, is frequently viewed as lacking philosophical depth and originality. The ultimate question here, though, is whether we should grant that theology may, in fact, contain original and valuable philosophy. In order to subject the issues involved to scrutiny, I undertake an analysis of the important case of the legacy of John of Damascus, which, in my opinion, actually furnishes some answers to these questions.
Marcus Plested: Orthodox Readings of Aquinas
Authors: Zhyrkova Anna
Published: January 2021

The article reviews the book Orthodox Readings of Aquinas, by Marcus Plested.
Distinguishing the Lover of Peace from the Pacifist, the Appeaser, and the Warmonger
Authors: Harold James A.
Published: January 2021

How is one to distinguish a true lover of peace from a mere appeaser, a pacifist, and a warmonger? Distinguishing them can be sometimes confusing, as they will often appropriate each other’s language. The criterion for the above distinction does not only lie in outward behavior, as knowledge of inward attitudes is also required. A right understanding of these attitudes and motivations involve at least an implicit grasp of the true nature of peace, which is investigated as something more than the mere absence of war, insofar as peace is primarily a work of two moral virtues: justice and charity. It is in the spirit of justice and charity that the true lover of peace must then distinguish—both in one’s own life and with nations—between what can be ignored and / or forgiven, and what must be redressed. Furthermore, the distinction between the lover of peace and the pacifist, with the possibility of pacifism being a distinct tradition from just war philosophy, is investigated. The argument is made that pacifism should not be considered outside the context of just war because one needs that context to address if and who demands restitution.
Skeptical Theism and the Threshold Problem
Authors: Cohen Yishai A.
Published: January 2021

In this paper I articulate and defend a new anti-theodicy challenge to Skeptical Theism. More specifically, I defend the Threshold Problem according to which there is a threshold to the kinds of evils that are in principle justifiable for God to permit, and certain instances of evil are beyond that threshold. I further argue that Skeptical Theism does not have the resources to adequately rebut the Threshold Problem. I argue for this claim by drawing a distinction between a weak and strong version of Skeptical Theism, such that the strong version must be defended in order to rebut the Threshold Problem. However, the skeptical theist’s appeal to our limited cognitive faculties only supports the weak version.
The Tragedy of Cosmogonic Objectivation in the Valentinian Gnosis and Russian Philosophy
Authors: Kamenskikh Aleksey
Published: January 2021

The subject of this paper is a specific form of cosmogony—the conception of cosmogonic objectivation, interpreted as a tragedy or cosmogonic fall. This conception is examined on the basis of the evidence furnished by two sets of materials: firstly, the original texts and paraphrases of the Valentinian Gnostics of the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD (Irenaeus Adversus haereses, 1.1.1–1.1.10; Excerpta ex Theodoto, compiled by Clement of Alexandria; and The Gospel of Truth from the Nag Hammadi Library), and secondly, the writings of the Russian philosophers Vladimir Solovyov, Lev Karsavin and Nikolay Berdyaev. The research reveals a series of specific features common to both of these: in particular, the conception of cosmogonic objectivation appears to be connected with the doctrine of the absolute person’s fall, and with the motive of self-alienation.
The Foundations of Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec’s Metaphysical Personalism
Authors: Gudaniec Arkadiusz
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the cardinal points of Krąpiec’s metaphysical personalism, in the context of a synthetic reading of his most important works in philosophical anthropology. A new vision of Krąpiec’s thought is proposed, via a discussion of the metaphysical foundations of his anthropology and by emphasizing his notion of the three stages or phases in which personhood reveals itself. Each of these emerges as an integral element when outlining a conception of persons and when demonstrating the overriding importance of the issue of personhood for philosophical anthropology. Firstly, personhood manifests itself in the inner experience of one’s own subjectivity as something universally shared by human beings. Next, this fact is itself shown to be grounded metaphysically in the soul as an immaterial principle organizing the body. As a result, persons emerge as substantial rational beings. An examination of the potentialities of such beings then reveals the transcendence of persons in respect of nature and society, together with their self-fulfillment in intellectual and moral acts, in interpersonal relations, and—ultimately—in their relatedness to the Person of the Absolute. Krąpiec’s personalism relies upon classical Thomistic metaphysics, and presents a person’s life in universal terms as a process culminating in the actively experienced moment of death.
Józef Bremer: Osoba — fikcja czy rzeczywistość? Tożsamość i jedność ja w świetle badań neurologicznych
Authors: Lechniak Marek
Published: January 2021

The article reviews the book Osoba—fikcja czy rzeczywistość? Tożsamość i jedność ja w świetle badań neurologicznych [Persons: Fiction or Reality? The Identity and Unity of the “Self” in the Light of Neurological Research] 2nd ed., by Józef Bremer.
Epistemic Deism Revisited
Authors: Harper Leland
Published: January 2021

In 2013 I wrote a paper entitled “A Deistic Discussion of Murphy and Tracy’s Accounts of God’s Limited Activity in the Natural World,” in which I criticized the views of Nancey Murphy and Thomas Tracy, labeling their views as something that I called “epistemic deism.” Since the publication of that paper another, similar, view by Bradley Monton was brought to my attention, one called “noninterventionist special divine action theory.” I take this paper as an opportunity to accomplish several goals. First, I take it as an opportunity to clarify and correct some of my previous claims. Secondly, I present and analyze Monton’s view. And, finally, I discuss the similarities that Monton’s view holds with those of Murphy’s and Tracy’s and discuss how they all can be reduced to being part of the same family of ontological views which are, ultimately, implausible.
Transgressions: Erich Przywara, G. W. F. Hegel, and the Principle of Non-Contradiction
Authors: Bergem Ragnar M.
Published: January 2021

This article concerns the nature of reason in the work of the Twentieth Century Catholic theologian Erich Przywara and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. The discussion centers on three interlocking issues: (a) the question whether proper thinking submits to or transgresses the principle of non-contradiction; (b) the relationship between reason and history; (c) the theological concern with distinguishing the “history of reason” and the divine life. It is argued that both Hegel and Przywara give an account of reason where there are moments of contradiction, and that this is a necessary feature of historical existence. Further, while Przywara and others are concerned with Hegel’s making reason’s reconciliation of contradiction in history identical with the divine life, I argue that although this is a real concern, Hegel’s account is more equivocal than normally admitted. Finally, I argue that the distinguishing feature between Przywara and Hegel is what happens after the moment of contradiction; that is where we see the most important difference between an analogical and a dialectical account of reason.
The Immense House of Postcards
Authors: Ben-Pazi Hanoch
Published: January 2021

The subject of tradition engaged both Emmanuel Lévinas and Jacques Derrida in many of their writings, which explore both the philosophical and cultural significance of tradition and the particular significance of the latter in a specifically Jewish context. Lévinas devoted a few of his Talmudic essays to the subject, and Derrida addressed the issue from the perspective of different philosophical and religious traditions. This article uses the writings of these two thinkers to propose a new way of thinking about the idea of tradition. At the core of its inquiry lie the paradigm of the letter and the use of this metaphor as a means of describing the concept of tradition. Using the phenomenon of the letter as a vantage point for considering tradition raises important points of discussion, due to both the letter’s nature as a text that is sent and the manifest and hidden elements it contains. The focus of this essay is the phenomenon of textual tradition, which encompasses different traditions of reading and interpreting texts and a grasp of the horizon of understanding opened up in relation to the text through its many different interpretations. The attention paid here to the actions of individuals serves to highlight the importance of the interpersonal realm and of ethical thought.
Effect Anticipation and the Experience of Voluntary Action Control
Authors: Bremer Józef
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the issues surrounding voluntary action control in terms of two models that have emerged in empirical research into how our human conscious capabilities govern and control voluntary motor actions. A characterization of two aspects of consciousness, phenomenal consciousness and access consciousness, enables us to ask whether effect anticipations need be accessible to consciousness, or whether they can also have an effect on conscious control at an unconscious stage. A review of empirical studies points to the fact that willed actions are influenced by effect anticipations both when they are conscious and when they remain inaccessible to the conscious mind. This suggests that the effects of conscious voluntary actions—in line with the ideomotor principle proposed by William James—are anticipated during the generation of responses. I propose that the integration of perceptual and motor codes arises during action planning. The features of anticipated effects appear to be optionally connected with the features of the actions selected to bring about these effects in the world.
Why skeptical theists are not in a scenario of Olly-style deception
Authors: Jonbäck Francis
Published: January 2021

According to Michael Bergmann, Skeptical Theism consists of two components: firstly, the belief that there is an all-powerful, all-knowing and perfectly good immaterial person who created the world, and secondly, the skeptical claim that we have no reason to believe that the possible goods and evils we know of are representative of the goods and evils that exist. According to the Global Skepticism Objection, Skeptical Theism entails that we should not be surprised if we are radically deceived by God: there just might be a greater good that can figure in a reason God has for deceiving us about reality. In support of this objection, Stephen Law presents an amusing analogy involving Olly and his reality-projector. In this paper, I outline the Global Skepticism Objection and Law’s case in support of it. I then respond by arguing that the scope of Skeptical Theism should be restricted, and seek to justify this through a narrower construal of Theism and an appeal to common sense.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TENTANG MENSTRUASI TERHADAP KECEMASAN MENGHADAPI MENARCHE
Authors: Suriati Israini , Ilmawati Ilmawati
Published: January 2021

Pendahuluan: Healt education atau biasa disebut dengan Pendidikan  kesehatan merupakan upaya memberikan penjelasan kepada perorangan, kelompok atau masyarakat untuk menumbuhkan pengertian, dan kesadaran mengenai perilaku sehat atau kehidupan yang sehat. Pada masa ini pertumbuhan dan perkembangan berlangsung dengan cepat. Pada wanita pubertas ditandai dengan menstruasi pertama (menarche), sehingga dari masa ini sangat diperlukan Pendidikan kesehatan tentang menstruasi guna mengatasi adanya kecemasan dan ketidakfahaman tentang perubahan yang terjadi.

Tujuan:  Mengetahui adanya pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang menstruasi terhadap kecemasan menghadapi menarche di SDN 473 Toangkajang

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasy Experiment dengan desain penelitiannya adalah Pre-test-post-test group. Tehnik pengambilan data dengan tehnik Total Sampling melalui instument kuesioner baku berdasarkan Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A), dengan subyek 31 responden. Uji analisis pada penelitian ini adalah uji statistic Paired T-test.Hasil: Tingkat kecemasan responden menurun yang dibuktikan dengan adanya jumlah responden yang tadinya paling banyak berada pada tingkat kecemasan berat (54.8%) akhirnya mengalami perubahan yaitu sebagian besar responden 51.6% sudah tidak lagi cemas dalam menghadapi menarche.

            Kesimpulan: Terdapat adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara kecemasan menghadapi menarche sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang menstruasi pada siswi kelas V di SDN 473 Toangkajang dengan dengan taraf signifikasi 5% sebesar 0,000

Kata kunci: Pendidikan kesehatan, kecemasan, menarche.
Bio-oil transformation into 2nd generation biofuels
Authors: Macek Tomáš , Auersvald Miloš , Straka Petr
Published: January 2021

The article summarized the possible transformations of pyrolysis bio-oil from lignocellulose into 2nd generation biofuels. Although a lot has been published about this topic, so far, none of the published catalytic pro-cesses has found commercial application due to the rapid deactivation of the catalyst. Most researches deal with bio-oil hydrotreatment at severe conditions or its pro-cessing by catalytic cracking to prepare 2nd generation biofuels directly. However, this approach is not commercially applicable due to high consumptions of hydrogen and fast catalyst deactivation. Another way, crude bio-oil co-processing with petroleum fractions in hydrotreatment or FCC units seems to be more promising. The last approach, bio-oil mild hydrotreatment followed by final co-processing with petroleum feedstock using common refining processes (FCC and hydrotreatment) seems to be the most promising way to produce 2nd generation biofuels from pyrolysis bio-oil. Co-processing of bio-oil with petroleum fraction in FCC increases conversion to gasoline and, thus, it could be a preferable process in the USA. Otherwise, co-hydrotreatment of hydrotreated bio-oil with LCO leads not only to the reduction of hydrogen consumption but also to the conversion preferably to diesel. This process seems to be more suitable for Europe. Further research on bio-oils upgrading is still necessary before the commercialization of the bio-oil conversion into biofuels suitable for cars. However, the first commercial bio-refinery that will convert bio-oil into biofuel for marine transport is planned to be built in the Netherlands.
Halogen Derivatives in Pyrolyzed Plastics
Authors: Staf Marek , Šrámek Vít , Pohořelý Michael
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the issue of waste plastics pyrolysis leading to the industrially applicable liquid and gaseous products. The problem of thermally labile halogenated compounds, present in the feedstock, is discussed.
The introductory part focuses mainly on halogenated flame retardants and their toxicological and environmental risks. In comparison with the standard recycling of waste plastics, pyrolysis with subsequent material utilization of the liquid product is mentioned as a promising method capable to solve the problem with the presence of halogen derivatives. The following second part of the article summarizes studies searching suitable methods for removing inorganically and organically bound chlorine and bromine from pyrolysis organic condensates - i.e. pyrolysis oils.
Dehalogenation processes are divided into several categories according to the nature of the process and also according to the method of application of the respective reagent, catalyst or sorbent. Within each group, the results published in the available literature are briefly summarized. When commenting on them, the main emphasis is placed on the applicability of the obtained pyrolysis oils as raw materials for refinery processing and new polymers production.
At the end of the article, a plan of experiments is outlined, which will be carried out during the research of the issue by the authors team. The space is mainly dedicated to the construction of two laboratory apparatuses that has been developed for this purpose.The first batch apparatus working with a vertical retort allows studying of gaseous, liquid and solid pyrolysis products at various temperatures. The second, continuously operating apparatus, is designed to test the efficiency of hydrogen halides adsorption from gaseous mix-tures at high temperatures.
The third apparatus designed for the research purposes is a catalytic continuous system enabling to study the decomposition of organic halogen derivatives. The results of the experiments will be published continuously after their verification with sufficient reproducibility.
PLONOSIOS ŽARNOS UŽDEGIMINIS MIOFIBROBLASTINIS NAVIKAS: LABAI AGRESYVIOS EIGOS KLINIKINIS ATVEJIS
Authors: Viederytė Gabija , Šlepavičius Algirdas
Published: January 2021

Uždegiminis miofibroblastinis navikas (UMN) yra retas neoplastinis pažeidimas esant vietiniam agresyviam augimui ir polinkiui pasikartoti. Ši liga dažniausiai diagnozuojama vaikams, nors gali pasireikšti bet kokio amžiaus žmonėms. UMN gali pažeisti bet kurį organą, tačiau dažniausiai pasitaiko plaučiuose. Simptomai nespecifiniai, priklausomi nuo naviko augimo vietos bei pažeisto organo. Virškinimo sistema retai būna pirminė naviko atsiradimo vieta. Straipsnyje pristatomas 71 metų vyro pirminio plonosios žarnos UMN ir žarnyno nepraeinamumo klinikinis atvejis, kai ligos eiga buvo visiškai nebūdinga šios grupės augliams.
Optimization of Citizen Broadband Radio Service Frequency Allocation for Dynamic Spectrum Access System
Authors: Chen Joy , Yeh Lu-Tsou
Published: January 2021

With the increase in mobile broadband utilization, more spectrum release is recommended by the Federal Communications Commission for spectrum sharing under a three-tire system called Citizens Broadband Radio Service. The standardization, functional and operational necessities of this framework are defined by the Wireless Innovation Forum. If an unavoidable shipborne radar appears on the channel, the channel must be vacated by the lower tier users. The timing constraints on CBRS is also stringent. Wireless stations transmit short beacon frames termed as heartbeat signals. These signals consist of the wireless channel encryption data, Service Set Identifier (SSID) and other credential data. These signals also transmit commands to vacate a channel. The heartbeat interval, timing constraint and domain proxy features are analyzed in this paper. CBSD renunciation and spectrum acquisition is performed with the help of domain proxy based communication. The CBRS-SAS channel allocation algorithm is further investigated. The communication interoperability and network robustness can improved with the introduction of secondary SAS and secondary domain proxy respectively.
Wymiar wychowawczo-edukacyjny biografii pisarza staropolskiego. Wokół jubileuszu Mikołaja Reja i prac oświatowych w Królestwie Polskim na początku XX w.
Authors: Kacprzak Marta M.
Published: January 2021

Rocznica urodzin Mikołaja Reja w  1905  r. to jeden z  jubileuszy XIX i początku XX w., podczas których w przypominano w duchu patriotycznym dzieje dawnej Rzeczypospolitej oraz przedstawiano dawnych pisarzy polskich jako wzorce osobowe, a  ich twórczość jako wychowawczą. Opublikowano wówczas liczne prace historycznoliterackie, edytorskie i popularyzatorskie, a także oświatowo-wychowawcze. Biografię staropolskiego pisarza wykorzystywano w  nich w  celach pedagogicznych. Artykuł analizuje trzy przykłady publikacji dla dzieci i  młodzieży oraz ludu. Ukazuje, w jaki sposób ich autorzy przezwyciężali trudności ideowe i pedagogiczne (związane ze stereotypem Reja-nieuka oraz z zaangażowaniem pisarza w spory religijne XVI w.), aby przedstawiać go jako wzór do naśladowania i patrona współczesnej pracy oświatowej.
APTI (AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX) OF TREES IN LOHAGAON AREA IN PUNE CITY IN DIFFERENT SEASONS
Authors: Erum  F H Kazi  , Dr. Satish Kulkarni
Published: January 2021

Air Pollution is having severe impact on Roadside trees of Lohegaon area. Plant samples were collected in and around Airport area. It was found that concentration of PM 10 was found to be highest in all seasons studied and had impact on trees. Plant studied were Indian Rosewood , Tamarind tree, Mango tree, Rain tree, Neem tree, Peepal tree. p H was found to be highest in Mango tree, Relative water content (RWC) was found to highest in Tamarind tree, Total Chlorophyll content in Mango tree, Ascorbic acid was found to be highest in Peepal tree. APTI was found to be highest in Peepal and lowest in Tamarind tree
KEYWORDS: Air Pollutants, APTI of plants, Total Chlorophyll, Ascorbic acid, p H of leaf
Relative water Content ( RWC)
How to ensure sustainability of economic and social activities post earthquake a case study in Lombok West Nusatenggara Indonesia
Authors: Kholil Kholil , Ariani N , Setyawan A , Ramli S
Published: January 2021

One of the serious problems caused by the Lombok earthquake on July 28, 2018 was the cessation of people's productive activities, so that their survival was threatened. The purpose of this research was to build a model of economic recovery post earthquake in Lombok, West Nusatenggara that can be used as a model for post earthquake regional economic recovery in Indonesia. The analytical methods used were SAST (Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing) and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). The results of study showed that the mental recovery of the community after the earthquake was the most important problem before economic recovery. To recover the community's economy, the development of coconut sugar and handicraft-based home industries was the most potential productive activity to ensure the sustainability of people's lives. The conclusion of this study was mental recovery and the development of productive activities based on regional superior natural resources were the main keys to economic recovery post earthquake.
Penggunaan AHP guna penentuan prioritas penanganan permukiman tangguh bencana longsor
Authors: Utami Sri , Ekasari Kartika , Saputra Ramadhan Mayzer
Published: January 2021

Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Batu Tahun 2010-2030 menyebutkan bahwa kawasan dengan risiko bencana longsor tinggi di Kota Batu berada di Kelurahan Temas. Risiko dengan ancaman longsor “tinggi”, kerentanan sosial “sedang” dan kerentanan ekonomi “tinggi”. Guna menentukan prioritas penanganan permukiman tangguh bencana longsor, maka metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) adalah metode yang paling relevan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan prioritas penanganan elemen permukiman tangguh bencana. Alat yang digunakan adalah kuesioner perbandingan berpasangan. Elemen pembentuk permukiman yaitu nature, man, society, shell dan network. Namun, penelitian ini difokuskan pada bidang arsitektur yaitu shell (pondasi, bentuk bangunan, desain struktur, lokasi, atap) dan network (jalan, air bersih, drainase, air kotor, persampahan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutan prioritas penanganan permukiman tangguh bencana longsor dari elemen shell adalah pondasi bangunan, lokasi dan struktur bangunan, sedangkan pada elemen network dimulai dari drainase lingkungan, jalan dan air bersih.
PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING BERBASIS EDMODO PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 (DITINJAU DARI PERSEPSI SISWA)
Authors: Oktaviani Indri , Waspada Ikaputera , Budiwati Neti
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan media pembelajaran e-learning berbasis Edmodo pada pembelajaran daring saat pandemi Covid-19. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 68 siswa Kelas X dan XI yang dipilih secara acak disalah satu SMK Negeri di Kota Cimahi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa kuisioner yang terdiri dari 36 pernyataan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan oleh peneliti yaitu teknik analisis deskriptif untuk mengetahui tingkat persepsi siswa terhadap Edmodo pada pembelajaran daring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan Edmodo pada masing-masing aspek berada pada kategori tinggi, yaitu kategori pengukuran dan prestasi akademik sebesar 74%, kategori komunikasi dan  interaksi sebesar 73% dan kategori mengakes informasi sebesar 73%.  Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata persepsi siswa terhadap Edmodo berada pada kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 73,3%. Artinya menurut siswa media pembelajaran Edmodo dapat membantu mereka dalam pembelajaran daring selama pandemi Covid-19.