bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variable Selection Methods for Right-Censored Time-to-Event Data with High-Dimensional Covariates
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Keivan , Fard Nasser
Published: May 2015

Advancement in technology has led to greater accessibility of massive and complex data in many fields such as quality and reliability. The proper management and utilization of valuable data could significantly increase knowledge and reduce cost by preventive actions, whereas erroneous and misinterpreted data could lead to poor inference and decision making. On the other side, it has become more difficult to process the streaming high-dimensional time-to-event data in traditional application approaches, specifically in the presence of censored observations. This paper presents a multipurpose analytic model and practical nonparametric methods to analyze right-censored time-to-event data with high-dimensional covariates. In order to reduce redundant information and to facilitate practical interpretation, variable inefficiency in failure time is determined for the specific field of application. To investigate the performance of the proposed methods, these methods are compared with recent relevant approaches through numerical experiments and simulations.
Spontaneous Retrobulbar Haematoma
Authors: Deveer Mehmet , Cullu Nesat , Beydilli Halil , Sozen Hamdi , Yeniceri Onder , Parlak Selcuk
Published: May 2015

Background. Spontaneous orbital haemorrhage is a very rare condition and vision-threatening event. It may occur due to trauma, orbital surgery/injections, orbital vascular anomalies, and a variety of systemic predisposing factors. Signs of retrobulbar hemorrhage include proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, increased intraocular pressure, loss of pupillary reflexes, and optic disc or retinal pallor. Both Computed Tomography scan and Magnetic Resonance Imaging may be performed in the diagnosis.Case Report. A 31-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a complaint of headache and blurred vision following a strong sneeze. Ophthalmological examination revealed mild Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in left eye. Computed Tomography revealed left hyperdense retrobulbar mass and displaced optic nerve. T1 weighted hypointense, T2 weighted hyperintense and non-enhanced round shape, sharply demarcated lesion measuring 18 × 15 × 14 × mm in diameter compatible with haematoma was detected by MRI. Surgically Caldwell-Luc procedure was performed. Histological examination confirmed haematoma. Follow-up Magnetic Resonance Imaging revealed a small reduction in the size of lesion but not complete resolution. The patient’s complaint was regressed. She is now free of symptoms and is still under surveillance. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of retrobulbar haematoma caused by sneeze.
Inclusion of CFRP-Epoxy Composite for End Anchorage in NSM-Epoxy Strengthened Beams
Authors: Hosen Md. Akter , Jumaat Mohd Zamin , Islam A. B. M. Saiful
Published: May 2015

Nowadays, the use of near surface mounted (NSM) technique strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structural members is going very popular. The failure modes of NSM strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams have been shown to be largely due to premature failure such as concrete cover separation. In this study, CFRP U-wrap end anchorage with CFRP fabrics was used to eliminate the concrete cover separation failure. A total of eight RC rectangular beam specimens of 125 mm width, 250 mm depth, and 2300 mm length were tested. One specimen was kept unstrengthened as a reference; three specimens were strengthened with NSM steel bars and the remaining four specimens were strengthened with NSM steel bars together with the U-wrap end anchorage. The experimental results showed that wrapped strengthened beams had higher flexural strength and superior ductility performance. The results also show that these beams had less deflection, strain, crack width, and spacing.
The Fast Simulation of Scattering Characteristics from a Simplified Time Varying Sea Surface
Authors: Wei Yiwen , Guo Lixin , Meng Xiao
Published: May 2015

This paper aims at applying a simplified sea surface model into the physical optics (PO) method to accelerate the scattering calculation from 1D time varying sea surface. To reduce the number of the segments and make further improvement on the efficiency of PO method, a simplified sea surface is proposed. In this simplified sea surface, the geometry of long waves is locally approximated by tilted facets that are much longer than the electromagnetic wavelength. The capillary waves are considered to be sinusoidal line superimposing on the long waves. The wavenumber of the sinusoidal waves is supposed to satisfy the resonant condition of Bragg waves which is dominant in all the scattered short wave components. Since the capillary wave is periodical within one facet, an analytical integration of the PO term can be performed. The backscattering coefficient obtained from a simplified sea surface model agrees well with that obtained from a realistic sea surface. The Doppler shifts and width also agree well with the realistic model since the capillary waves are taken into consideration. The good agreements indicate that the simplified model is reasonable and valid in predicting both the scattering coefficients and the Doppler spectra.
Study Based on Bridge Health Monitoring System on Multihazard Load Combinations of Earthquake and Truck Loads for Bridge Design in the Southeast Coastal Areas of China
Authors: Sun Dezhang , Chen Bin , Sun Baitao
Published: May 2015

Similar to AmericanLRFD Bridge Design Specifications, the current Chinese bridge design code is fully calibrated against gravity load and live load. Earthquake load is generally considered alone and has its own methodology, however, which is not covered in the code in a consistent probability-based fashion. Earthquake load and truck load are the main loads considered in the basis of bridge design in more than 70% of seismic areas in China. They are random processes, and their combination is the main subject of this paper. Seismic characteristics of southeast coastal areas of China are discussed and an earthquake probability curve is calculated through seismic risk analysis. Using measured truck load data from a Bridge Health Monitoring System, the multimodal characteristics of truck load are analyzed and a probability model for a time intervaltis obtained by fitting results and reliability theory. Then, a methodology is presented to combine earthquake load and truck load on a probabilistic basis. To illustrate this method, truck load and earthquake load combinations are used. Results conceptually illustrate that truck load and earthquake load are not dominant in southeast coastal areas of China, but the effect of their combination is. This methodology quantitatively demonstrates that the design is controlled by truck load in most ranges; that is, truck load is more important to bridge design in the region.
Atorvastatin Improves Inflammatory Response in Atherosclerosis by Upregulating the Expression of GARP
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqi , Liu Yuzhou , Zhong Yucheng , Liu Bo , Yu Kunwu , Shi Huairui , Zhu Ruirui , Meng Kai , Zhang Wei , Wu Bangwei , Zeng Qiutang
Published: May 2015

Regulatory T cells play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis. GARP is a newly biological membrane molecule existed on activated Tregs, which is related to the release of TGF‐β. The antiatherosclerosis effects of statins partly depend on their multiple immune modulatory potencies. In this paper, we present that atorvastatin could upregulate the expression of GARP and TGF‐β in CD4+ T cells and increase the numbers of CD4+LAP+ and CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in ApoE−/− mice. Also, we indicate that atorvastatin promotes the aggregation of GARP+ and Foxp3+ cells and secretory of the TGF‐β1 in atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, we prove that atorvastatin could delay the procession of atherosclerosis and improve the stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Interestingly, we report that inhibition of GARP distinctly inhibits the anti‐inflammatory effects of atorvastatin. We conclude that atorvastatin improves the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis partly by upregulating the expression of GARP on regulatory T cells.
Characteristics of a New Plastic Explosive Named EPX-1
Authors: Elbeih Ahmed
Published: May 2015

EPX-1 is a new plastic explosive (in the research stage) which has been prepared for military and civilian applications. EPX-1 explosive contains pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) with different particle size as explosive filler bonded by nonenergetic thermoplastic binder plasticized by dibutyl phthalate (DBP). In this paper, the production method of EPX-1 was described. The crystal morphology was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Heat of combustion was determined experimentally. The compatibility of PETN with the polymeric matrix was studied by vacuum stability test. Sensitivities to impact and friction were measured. The detonation velocity was measured experimentally and the detonation characteristics were calculated by EXPLO5 thermodynamic code. For comparison, Semtex 1A, Semtex 10, Formex P1, and Sprängdeg m/46 were studied. It was concluded that PEX-1 has compatible ingredients, it has the highest detonation velocity of all the studied plastic explosives, and its sensitivity is in the same level of the studied plastic explosives except Semtex 1A.
Invasive Aspergillosis Associated with a Foreign Body
Authors: Syed Akifuddin , Panta Prashanth , Shahid Imran , Felix David H.
Published: May 2015

Invasive aspergillosis is a serious complication in immunocompromised individuals. It is associated with a high mortality rate, which demands a combined approach involving radical surgery and antifungal therapy. Here, we describe a patient who presented with nonspecific fever, refractory to antimicrobial agents. Though it primarily involved the nasal cavity and sinuses, it perforated into the oral cavity causing palatal changes. Surprisingly, a foreign body was found in the involved tissues that might have acted as a nidus of infection. A sufficient dose (3 mg/kg/day) of liposomal amphotericin B was initiated soon after a thorough debridement procedure and the patient survived.
Utilizing Smart Textiles-Enabled Sensorized Toy and Playful Interactions for Assessment of Psychomotor Development on Children
Authors: Vega-Barbas Mario , Pau Iván , Ferreira Javier , Lebis Evelyn , Seoane Fernando
Published: May 2015

Emerging pervasive technologies like smart textiles make it possible to develop new and more accessible healthcare services for patients independently of their location or time. However, none of these new e-health solutions guarantee a complete user acceptance, especially in cases requiring extensive interaction between the user and the solution. So far, researchers have focused their efforts on new interactions techniques to improve the perception of privacy and confidence of the people using e-health services. In this way, the use of smart everyday objects arises as an interesting approach to facilitate the required interaction and increase user acceptance. Such Smart Daily Objects together with smart textiles provide researchers with a novel way to introduce sophisticated sensor technology in the daily life of people. This work presents a sensorized smart toy for assessment of psychomotor development in early childhood. The aim of this work is to design, develop, and evaluate the usability and playfulness of a smart textile-enabled sensorized toy that facilitates the user engagement in a personalized monitoring healthcare activity. To achieve this objective the monitoring is based on a smart textile sensorized toy as catalyzer of acceptance and multimodal sensing sources to monitor psychomotor development activities during playtime.
Custom-Made Computer-Aided-Design/Computer-Aided-Manufacturing Biphasic Calcium-Phosphate Scaffold for Augmentation of an Atrophic Mandibular Anterior Ridge
Authors: Mangano Francesco Guido , Zecca Piero Antonio , van Noort Ric , Apresyan Samvel , Iezzi Giovanna , Piattelli Adriano , Macchi Aldo , Mangano Carlo
Published: May 2015

This report documents the clinical, radiographic, and histologic outcome of a custom-made computer-aided-design/computer-aided-manufactured (CAD/CAM) scaffold used for the alveolar ridge augmentation of a severely atrophic anterior mandible. Computed tomographic (CT) images of an atrophic anterior mandible were acquired and modified into a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction model; this was transferred to a CAD program, where a custom-made scaffold was designed. CAM software generated a set of tool-paths for the manufacture of the scaffold on a computer-numerical-control milling machine into the exact shape of the 3D design. A custom-made scaffold was milled from a synthetic micromacroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) block. The scaffold closely matched the shape of the defect: this helped to reduce the time for the surgery and contributed to good healing. One year later, newly formed and well-integrated bone was clinically available, and two implants (AnyRidge, MegaGen, Gyeongbuk, South Korea) were placed. The histologic samples retrieved from the implant sites revealed compact mature bone undergoing remodelling, marrow spaces, and newly formed trabecular bone surrounded by residual BCP particles. This study demonstrates that custom-made scaffolds can be fabricated by combining CT scans and CAD/CAM techniques. Further studies on a larger sample of patients are needed to confirm these results.
CRMP4 and CRMP2 Interact to Coordinate Cytoskeleton Dynamics, Regulating Growth Cone Development and Axon Elongation
Authors: Tan Minghui , Cha Caihui , Ye Yongheng , Zhang Jifeng , Li Sumei , Wu Fengming , Gong Sitang , Guo Guoqing
Published: May 2015

Cytoskeleton dynamics are critical phenomena that underpin many fundamental cellular processes. Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are highly expressed in the developing nervous system, mediating growth cone guidance, neuronal polarity, and axonal elongation. However, whether and how CRMPs associate with microtubules and actin coordinated cytoskeletal dynamics remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that CRMP2 and CRMP4 interacted with tubulin and actinin vitroand colocalized with the cytoskeleton in the transition-zone in developing growth cones. CRMP2 and CRMP4 also interacted with one another coordinately to promote growth cone development and axonal elongation. Genetic silencing of CRMP2 enhanced, whereas overexpression of CRMP2 suppressed, the inhibitory effects of CRMP4 knockdown on axonal development. In addition, knockdown of CRMP2 or overexpression of truncated CRMP2 reversed the promoting effect of CRMP4. With the overexpression of truncated CRMP2 or CRMP4 lacking the cytoskeleton interaction domain, the promoting effect of CRMP was suppressed. These data suggest a model in which CRMP2 and CRMP4 form complexes to bridge microtubules and actin and thus work cooperatively to regulate growth cone development and axonal elongation.
Elevation of HO-1 Expression Mitigates Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Restores Tight Junction Function in a Rat Liver Transplantation Model
Authors: Chi Xinjin , Yao Weifeng , Xia Hua , Jin Yi , Li Xi , Cai Jun , Hei Ziqing
Published: May 2015

Aims. This study was aimed at investigating whether elevation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression could lead to restoring intestinal tight junction (TJ) function in a rat liver transplantation model.Methods. Intestinal mucosa injury was induced by orthotopic autologous liver transplantation (OALT) on male Sprague-Dawley rats. Hemin (a potent HO-1 activator) and zinc-protoporphyrin (ZnPP, a HO-1 competitive inhibitor), were separately administered in selected groups before OALT. The serum and intestinal mucosa samples were collected at 8 hours after the operation for analysis.Results. Hemin pretreatment significantly reduced the inflammation and oxidative stress in the mucosal tissue after OALT by elevating HO-1 protein expression, while ZnPP pretreatment aggravated the OALT mucosa injury. Meanwhile, the restriction on the expression of tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and occludin was removed after hemin pretreatment. These molecular events led to significant improvement on intestinal barrier function, which was proved to be through increasing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and reducing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in intestinal injured mucosa.Summary. Our study demonstrated that elevation of HO-1 expression reduced the OALT-induced intestinal mucosa injury and TJ dysfunction. The HO-1 protective function was likely mediated through its effects of anti-inflammation and antioxidative stress.
The Color of Experience: Postwar Chromatic Abstraction in Venezuela and Brazil
Authors: Greeley Robin Adèle
Published: May 2015

In the aftermath of World War II, South American artists and critics saw color as a key to liberation from the crisis of the art object and the related crisis of modernity. In so doing, they resisted an entrenched postwar suspicion of color's expressive qualities that elsewhere resulted in color either being repositioned as readymade or purged outright. The essays comprising “Color and Abstraction in Latin America” investigate what was at stake in this resurgence, in 1950s and '60s South American abstraction, of color as a central problem of perceptual experience and subject construction. First, color was conceptualized in relation to material experience, as a corporealization (whether individual or collective) that relocates us as subjects. Second, color became the basis for a complex negotiation that laid claim to chromatic abstraction as a universal project through its localized articulation within the developmentalist contexts of postwar South America. Third, all of these artists and writers contextualized their aesthetic maneuvers in relation to Europe, positioning their work as a resuscitation of the historical avant-garde's utopian aspirations in the wake of the latter's failure in the aftermath of World War II. The essays collected here reassess the role of color in postwar art, to reconsider in light of the varied experiences of developmentalist South American nations what are by now familiar concerns regarding the effects of the commercialization of human imagination and memory, the pervasiveness of culture industry spectacle, and the corrosion of subjectivity imposed by industrial capital.
Raamses, Pithom, and the Exodus: A Critical Evaluation of Ex 1:11
Authors: Schipper Bernd Ulrich
Published: May 2015

Up to the present, the brief notice on the storage cities of “Pithom” and “Raamses” and the forced labour of the Israelites in Ex 1:11 has been taken as the historical nucleus of a possible exodus scenario under Ramessesii.

This article presents a critical evaluation of the classical theory, taking into account recent insights in Archaeology, Egyptology, and Philology. Since a number of arguments call the classical theory into question, a historical background of Ex 1:11 in the late 7th centurybcebecomes more likely, when Judahites had to perform forced labour for the Egyptian hegemon in the Southern Levant.
The Relationship between Human Rights and Disaster Risk Reduction Revisited: Bringing the Legal Perspective into the Discussion
Authors: da Costa Karen , Pospieszna Paulina
Published: May 2015

This paper explores the link between human rights and disaster risk reduction. We revisit the notion of a human rights-based approach in the context of natural disasters, analyzing how this concept may contribute to greater accountability and empowerment of those involved in disaster risk reduction. To better understand the processes of empowering rights holders and holding duty bearers into account we adopt legal analytical lenses. By doing so we review four country case studies and their main regulations on disaster risk reduction, taking into account the extent to which they adopt a human rights-based approach. We argue that countries whose legal frameworks allow for community engagement point towards greater community empowerment. Similarly, countries whose legal provisions make possible for holding States accountable for their underperformance in disaster situations suggest greater levels of accountability. We also consider key international human rights instruments binding the four case studies in order to analyze whether and to what extent international human rights obligations may support advocacy and accountability in disaster risk reduction. Based on the analysis of these case studies we consider that empowerment and accountability processes in drr can reinforce each other, and that human rights may contribute to progress in these areas.
Składniowy model synchronicznego opisu słowotwórstwa – podstawy i zastosowanie
Authors: Maldjieva Viara
Published: May 2015

A syntactical model of synchronic word formation description – basics and appliedThis article attempts to briefly present the basic postulates, their implications and the resulting opportunities for an approach to word formation, which is defined here as syntactic. It has been already tested in a confrontative description of Polish and Bulgarian word formation (Cf. V. Maldjieva, Słowotwórstwo. Gramatyka konfrontatywna bułgarsko­ polska, Vol. IX, Warszawa, 2009).The basic postulate is assumed to be the presence of a structural isomorphism between the language units sentence and lexeme, i.e. the same combinatorial rules license both the combinations of lexemes within the sentence and the combinations of morphemes within the lexeme. Another postulate, that is basic for the research, is the relative autonomy of the semantic and syntactic structures of the language units. In regard to word formation it means that, in this case semantic and formal derivatives should be distinguished in analogy to the sentence syntax, that distinguishes the concept structure (sentence) and formal structure (sentential expression).Składniowy model synchronicznego opisu słowotwórstwa – podstawy i zastosowanieArtykuł stanowi próbę zwięzłego przedstawienia podstawowych założeń i ich implikacji oraz wynikających z nich możliwości zastosowania podejścia do słowotwórstwa, które określa się w tym miejscu jako składniowe. Cząstkowe propozycje, interpretacje szczegółowych zjawisk językowych oraz sugestii, których uporządkowanie i rozwinięcie legły u podstaw tego podejścia, zawarte są w różnych pracach prof. Stanisława Karolaka [por. Karolak 2001a, b, c; 2002]. Próbę konsekwentnego zastosowania składniowego modelu do interpretacji zjawisk z zakresu słowotwórstwa w języku polskim i bułgarskim podjęto zaś w opracowaniu konfrontacji słowotwórczej tych języków [Maldjieva 2009], do którego będę się w głównej mierze odwoływać w niniejszej pracy.
W stronę słowotwórstwa operacyjnego
Authors: Żurowski Sebastian
Published: May 2015

Towards an operational word formationIn this article the selected theoretical and practical problems associated with placing the word formation in the model of operational grammar (by Andrzej Bogusławski) are discussed. The aim of the paper is to prepare the ground for a possible description of morpheme units of language in this model. The proposed way to enter word formation in the model is to divide it into operational and etymological word formation.
Podstawy strukturalnej charakterystyki współczesnych polskich formacji słowotwórczych
Authors: Wiśniewski Marek
Published: May 2015

Basics of structural characteristics of contemporary Polish word formationsThis article is an attempt to reconstruct the formative mechanisms of contemporary Polish. The object of observation are the Polish formatives, which are motivated from the synchronous point of view. Establishing of the inventory of formatives is a result of multistage logical division based on the following (structural) dichotomy criteria: – on the first stage: quality (alternate) and quantitative (reduction) operations transform the theme of base in the theme of derivatives, – on the other stages: type of segmental elements added to the theme of derivatives.
Syntagmatyka morfotaktyczna i morfonologiczna rumuńskich rzeczowników odczasownikowych
Authors: Cychnerski Tomasz
Published: May 2015

Morphotactic and morphophonological syntagmatics of the Romanian verbal nounsThis paper tries to formulate a working hypothesis concerning the general morphological structure of the Romanian verbal nouns. Its first part consists in the analysis of the verbal nouns morphophonology. Some basic types of the syntagmatic structure are presented here for each morphological part of these words (root, prefixes, suffixes, inflections, interfixes). The second part is a morphotactic analysis of the forty verbal nouns. There are the nine general types of the syntagmatic structure formulated for the whole set of these Romanian lexemes.
Besedotvorna produktivnost posnemovalnih medmetov za zvoke naprav v slovenščini
Authors: Stramljič Breznik Irena
Published: May 2015

Word-formational productivity of onomatopoeic interjections imitating machine sounds in SloveneThe article presents partial results of a wider study about the lexical potential of interjections in Slovene from the functional and lexicographical perspectives. The study focuses on interjections imitating machine sounds which are presented as entries from a to ž in the Slovenian Ortography (2001).On the basis of examples found, interjections were classified into more homogenous groups according to the type of machine. Each category was further analyzed by using corpus analysis, which was carried out on the trial version of the billion-word corpus of the Slovene language called Gigafida. The analysis focused on the existence of words created from interjections whose base comes from one of the subcategories of onomatopoeic interjections presented here.The results of the analysis have confirmed that this type of interjections and words formed from them are relatively frequent in expressive discourse. The most prominent are the interjections typically used for imitating the sound of musical instruments and their parts (brenk), tools (švrk, škrt), weapons (pok, švist) and transportation devices (puh).The results also showed that the interjections which are the base for forming verbs give rise to more extensive word families. Verbs formed from interjections can also form complex words of a higher order according to established word-formational patterns. Produktywność słowotwórcza słoweńskich wtrąceń onomatopeicznych naśladujących dźwięki maszynNiniejszy artykuł jest częścią większego projektu, badającego potencjał leksykalny wtrąceń w języku słoweńskim z perspektywy funkcjonalnej oraz leksykograficznej – w pracy przedstawione zostaną jedynie wyniki badań nad tymi wtrąceniami, które naśladują dźwięki maszyn.Materiał do badania, tj. konkretne wtrącenia, został zaczerpnięty ze słownika ortografii słoweńskiej (Slovenski pravopis, 2001). Znalezione przykłady zostały następnie pogrupowane w zależności od typu maszyn, których dźwięki naśladują. Kolejny etap to pogłębiona analiza każdej grupy za pomocą testowej wersji korpusu języka słoweńskiego Gigafida (korpus ten zawiera około miliarda słów). Analiza ta miała na celu zbadanie, czy istnieją słowa utworzone na bazie wtrąceń należących do jednej z omawianych tutaj grup.Badanie wykazało, iż tego typu wtrącenia oraz słowa od nich utworzone stosunkowo często występują w dyskursie o charakterze ekspresywnym. Ze wszystkich wtrąceń najczęściej występowały te, które naśladują dźwięk instrumentów muzycznych lub ich części (brenk), narzędzi (švrk, škrt), broni (pok, švist) oraz środków transportu (puh).Co więcej, wtrącenia, od których tworzone są czasowniki, dają początek bardziej rozbudowanym rodzinom wyrazowym. Takie czasowniki mogą również wchodzić w skład bardziej złożonych słów, tworzonych za pomocą typowych dla języka słoweńskiego mechanizmów słowotwórczych.
Неологизми със суфикс ‑[а]джиj(а) в бъл- гарския език
Authors: Георгиева [Georgieva] Цветелина [TSvetelina]
Published: May 2015

Neologisms with suffix -[а]джий(а) in BulgarianThe article examines the Bulgarian neologisms with suffix -[а]джий(а) in the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The study is carried out on a material from two Bulgarian dictionaries of neologisms. The trend to nationalization is one of the leading trends in Bulgarian. Neologizmy z przyrostkiem -[а]джий(а) w języku bułgarskimAutorka bada bułgarskie neologizmy utworzone za pomocą przyrostka -[а]джий(а) pod koniec XX oraz na początku XXI wieku. Podstawę studium stanowi materiał z dwóch słowników neologizmów w języku bułgarskim. Tendencja do nacjonalizacji jest jedną z naczelnych tendencji w języku bułgarskim.
Formalna analiza albańskich derywatów przymiotnikowych
Authors: Karasiński Artur
Published: May 2015

Formal Analysis of Albanian Adjectival DerivativesThe paper presents a formal analysis of Albanian adjectival derivatives, carried out in accordance with the proposal of a formal description of word formation (part of methodology presented in Bulgarian-Polish Contrastive Grammar, Volume 9).This type of description in addition to a characterization of formal, segmental exponents of derivation allows for appearing and signalizing functions of Albanian definite article in word formation process.Analyzed material comes from the Dictionary of Contemporary Albanian Language (Institute of Language and Literature of the Albanian Academy of Sciences 1984, revised edition 2002) and is nearly 62% of all lexical adjectival units (about 6100 adjectival derivatives).
Nazwy nosicieli cech jako przykład perswazyjnego wyzyskiwania kategorii słowotwórczych w tekstach reklam
Authors: Rogowska-Cybulska Ewa
Published: May 2015

Attributive names as an example of the persuasive usage of the word formation categories in advertising textsThe article contains a description – based on selected examples – of different ways of a persuasive use of lexemes belonging (a real one or the one created for a specific advertising text) to a word formation category of the denominative names of the feature carrier: from the text updating of a systemic categorial meaning by its text change in relation to a systemic meaning to giving such a meaning to lexemes which, when it comes to word formation, are indivisible.
Składnia derywatów w tekście: kompozycja i dekompozycja struktur złożonych oryginału w kontekście doboru odpowiedników w przekładzie (na materiale rosyjskich i polskich tekstów prasowych)
Authors: Pstyga Alicja
Published: May 2015

The syntax of compound words in texts: Composition and decomposition of compound words in view of the selection of their equivalents in the translation of Russian press articles into PolishThe starting point for the analysis is the broad interpretation of syntax proposed by Stanisław Karolak. We should take into consideration his findings, concerning combinatory rules and complicated relationships in compound words. The decomposition of these words – even violating the rules of concept co-occurrence – allows us to uncover their proper semantic interpretation. Karolak claims that in Slavic languages, the rules of word formation enable simple expressions to function in utterances which are more complicated than simple sentences.The aim of this paper is to present the functioning of compound words in Russian press articles from the translation perspective. One of the most interesting examples is the Russian compound word евронадежды (with its Polish equivalent europazerni), used in a text about problems with accommodation during the 2012 UEFA European Football Championship in Ukraine.
Kognitywna interpretacja najnowszych złożeń z powtarzalnym w serii wyrazów członem związanym (na przykładach z języka polskiego i bułgarskiego)
Authors: Długosz Natalia
Published: May 2015

Cognitive interpretation of newest compounds with a bound component repetitive in a series of words (on the examples from Polish and Bulgarian languages)In this article I have made an attempt to show selected cognitive aspects of newest compounds with a bound component repetitive in a series of words, on the example of nearly a dozen expressions from Polish and Bulgarian languages. I have reflected on a problem whether all compounds of such type are entitled to a status of a language unit and I have stated that only few compound structures with a high degree of establishment in the consciousness of language users have such status. I have also pointed out the usefulness of cognitive methods of interpretation of meaning of a word type under discussion. I think an approach especially worth using is encyclopedic semantics, taking into consideration all domains of knowledge and experience, as well as presentation of the conceptualizer’s perspective, allowing, among others, to interpret the profiled opinion, sometimes included in the very formation of a word, or otherwise, updating itself in a specific context.
Semantic packaging in verb-based compounds in English and Bulgarian
Authors: Bagasheva Alexandra , Stamenov Christo , Kolarova Maria
Published: May 2015

Semantic packaging in verb­ based compounds in English and BulgarianThe article contrasts the word­ formation types of (para)synthetic compound nouns and compound verbs in two genetically distantly related but typologically distinct languages Bulgarian and English. While the nature of synthetic compound nouns in both languages is comparable, compound verbs show greater contrasts in terms of types, restrictions and preferences for intra­ compound relations and semantic diversity. An explanation is sought in terms of the influence of word­ relevant syntactic properties on word­ formation phenomena in the two languages. An additional powerful factor is the ubiquity of conversion or syntactic promiscuity in English. A hypothesis is formulated that in Bulgarian the iconicity of word­ formation processes and products associated with the biuniqueness of the sign as understood by Natural Morphology accounts for restrictions on the absolute reign of word­ formation paradigms in Bulgarian, where the distinction between inflectional morphology and word­ formation is more sharply delineated. The typological character of the two languages is ultimately taken into account as a factor which determines the preferences for compounds in English and the prevalence of affixal derivation in Bulgarian. Kompresja semantyczna w złożeniach czasownikowych w językach bułgarskim i angielskimAutorzy artykułu dokonali porównania mechanizmów słowotwórczych wykorzystywanych przy derywacji (para)syntetycznych złożeń rzeczownikowych oraz czasownikowych w językach bułgarskim i angielskim. Badane języki wykazują dalekie pokrewieństwo genetyczne, lecz z typologicznego punktu widzenia są one od siebie różne. W odróżnieniu od mechanizmów tworzenia syntetycznych złożeń rzeczownikowych, które w obu językach są podobne, złożenia czasownikowe różnią się, jeżeli chodzi o ich typy, ograniczenia użycia oraz preferencje odnośnie relacji zawartych w określonych złożeniach, jak również różnorodność semantyczną. Omawiane zjawiska są prawdopodobnie warunkowane tym, jak cechy składniowe danego języka wpływają na jego mechanizmy słowotwórcze. Kolejnym istotnym czynnikiem, kształtującym naturę tych mechanizmów w języku angielskim, jest konwersja semantyczna. W języku bułgarskim podział na morfemy słowotwórcze i fleksyjne jest dużo bardziej wyrazisty niż w języku angielskim. Autorzy stawiają hipotezę, że przyczyny tego zjawiska należy upatrywać w dwóch czynnikach: ikoniczności bułgarskich procesów słowotwórczych oraz bijekcji znaku (w rozumieniu morfologii naturalnej). W ostatecznym rozrachunku wydaje się, że to cechy typologiczne wpływają na to, że język angielski wykazuje wyraźną skłonność do tworzenia złożeń wyrazowych, zaś w języku bułgarskim dominuje zjawisko afiksacji derywacyjnej.
Zinc Bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] as an Efficient Lewis Acid/Brønsted Base Cooperative Catalyst for the Direct Alkynylation of Nitrones
Authors: Saito Yuki , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū
Published: May 2015

Zinc bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] (Zn(HMDS)2) was found to be an efficient Lewis acid/Brønsted base cooperative catalyst for the direct alkynylation of nitrones. The activity of Zn(HMDS)2 was shown to be higher than that of other Zn species such as Zn(OTf)2-iPr2NEt and ZnEt2.
A Tale of Two Carthages: History and Allusive Topography in Virgil’s Libyan Harbor ( Aen . 1.159-69)
Authors: Shi Veronica S.-R. , Morgan Llewelyn
Published: May 2015

summary: Although Virgil’s description of the Libyan harbor at Aeneid 1.159– 69 is generally thought to be a poetic invention, some readers in antiquity, according to Servius’s commentary, believed the harbor to be modeled after the port of Carthago Nova in southern Spain. This paper argues for the merit of this reading by exploring how a topographical allusion to Carthago Nova, the site of a famous siege during the Second Punic War, activates historical memories that have rich implications for the narrative and thematic concerns of Books 1 and 4 of the Aeneid .
Dido and the Motif of Deception in Aeneid 2 and 3
Authors: Bednarowski K. Paul
Published: May 2015

summary: This paper examines how stories of deceit in Aeneid 2 and 3 influence perceptions of the relationship between Aeneas and Dido. Aeneid 1 explicitly addresses Dido’s being deceived by Venus but also raises the possibility of Dido’s deceiving Aeneas with the help of Juno. Deception scenes in Aeneas’s account of the fall of Troy and of his subsequent wanderings keep the framing deceptions in mind, propose ethical evaluations for them, and generate suspense by suggesting that Aeneas and Venus will succeed in deceiving Dido one moment and that Dido and Juno will deceive Aeneas the next.
The Flight of the Dodonian Nymphs and the Identity of the Stella Fugata (Ov. Fast . 4.390) *
Authors: Lewis Anne-Marie
Published: May 2015

summary: Ovid’s reference to the stella fugata in Fast . 4.390 is commonly interpreted as a description of stars departing from the sky at sunrise or possibly as a reference to the planet Venus. Astronomical terminology, astronomical placements for April 10 (the day on which the stella fugata appears), and the interplay among astronomical description, mythology, and narrative in the entry for this day suggest rather that the stella fugata is Aldebaran (α Tauri), the brightest star in the Hyades. This conclusion provides further evidence for the accuracy of astronomical allusions to the fixed constellations and stars in the Fasti .
Don’t Stand So Close to Me: Antigone’s Pietas in Seneca’s Phoenissae
Authors: Ginsberg Lauren Donovan
Published: May 2015

summary: Seneca’s Phoenissae imbues Antigone’s canonical pietas with elegiac associations. Her appeals to her father recycle familiar topoi from amatory poetry, especially the amator ’s pledge to follow ( sequor ) the beloved anywhere. Her father, in turn, is often disturbed by her physical proximity and attempts to escape further incestuous temptation ( timeo post matrem omnia ). In the end, however, Oedipus capitulates to his daughter’s elegiac rhetoric and responds to her in similarly amatory terms. In this way Seneca subverts the loyalty that defined Antigone in prior literary treatments to create the potential for an incestuous sequel to his earlier tragedy of Thebes.
The Textualization of Homeric Epic by Means of Dictation
Authors: Ready Jonathan L.
Published: May 2015

summary: The textualized versions of Homeric epic that stemmed from a process of dictation should be understood as co-creations of the poet, scribe, and collector. The evidence provided by numerous modern-day instances of the textualization of an oral traditional work supports this inference.
Antony and Armenia
Authors: Patterson Lee E.
Published: May 2015

summary: Antony is commonly credited with incorporating Armenia as a Roman province. Those who make this claim, however, must face not only a lack of direct evidence for such an annexation but the absence of a plausible explanation when the historical context is fully revealed. Antony’s desire to return triumphantly one day to Rome explains his handling of Armenia, whose reduction he justified by removing its ostensibly treacherous king. The evidence collectively suggests that Antony afterwards envisioned Armenia as a future client state, which would be consistent with his treatment of other regions of the Near East earlier in his career.
Mapping Local Perspectives in the Historical Archaeology of Vanuatu Mission Landscapes
Authors: Flexner James L.
Published: May 2015

The concept of place is a powerful theoretical tool in the social sciences and humanities, which can be especially useful in archaeological work that involves community-based collaboration. Using place as a starting point, archaeologists can beneficially use their skills to answer questions that are of relevance to the local communities with which we work while also advancing knowledge about the past. For historical archaeology, this often involves engaging in dialogue across multiple lines of evidence, including material remains from the past, written documents, and local oral traditions. Recent fieldwork on the islands of Erromango and Tanna, Vanuatu, exploring early landscapes relating to Christian conversion uses this kind of approach. A major part of preliminary survey work involves mapping features in the mission sites and surrounding areas. Archaeological cartographic techniques help build a sense of place that provides engaging research for a collaborative environment with local Melanesian communities, while also producing new perspectives on colonialism in the South Pacific. This approach is not limited to the recent past, being applicable to any collaborative, community-based archaeological research that incorporates the use of oral traditions.
Tracing Post-Dvaravati Culture from Space: Applying Remote Sensing Technique in West-Central Thailand
Authors: Kanjanajuntorn Podjanok , Duangsakun Supamas , Uamkasem Budsaba , Simking Ramphing
Published: May 2015

This article presents the results of recent research on the historical period of west-central Thailand between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries. At this time Dvaravati was in a stage of decline while the prominent rivals of Pagan and Angkor began to prosper. The construction of stone sanctuaries in the Bayon style in west-central Thailand has caused serious debate regarding the influence of Jayavarman VII over that part of Thailand. However, the main point of the present study is that the successors of Dvaravati can be considered to have played a significant part in the socio-economy of that period. This research explores the landscape of the study region using remote sensing techniques as well as carrying out conventional methods of fieldwork. New discoveries and current evidence are discussed, along with some issues concerning the archaeology of the post-Dvaravati, pre-Sukhothai transitional period (c . a.d. 1100–1300). West-central Thailand is believed to have been an economically desirable land with rich resources throughout its history. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the understanding of the social changes after the Dvaravati period when the economic power shifted to other parts of Mainland Southeast Asia.
Finding the “Early Medieval” in South Asian Archaeology
Authors: Hawkes Jason D.
Published: May 2015

The concept of an “early medieval” period (c. 600–1300 c.e. ) in the study of South Asia’s past is well established, yet remains ill defined and poorly understood. As a result, debates regarding grand explanative frameworks, not to mention the meaning and use of the term medieval, have dominated the study of the period. Important though these concerns are, what underpins them, and something that is rarely considered, is how sources and methodologies affect the study of the period. Historiographic review of scholarship on the early medieval reveals that from its inception, the period has been studied exclusively through the examination of documentary sources and monumental remains within the fields of history, literary and religious studies, and art history. Archaeology has been used to support historical theories, largely in order to provide further empirical “proof ” of a perceived decline in trade and urbanism. The continued use of archaeological evidence in this way has meant that the full potential of archaeological inquiry has not been fulfilled, and the impetus for new archaeological research has been stifled. As a result, the early medieval is arguably the most poorly represented period archaeologically in the entire subcontinent. Critical assessment of the limited amount of archaeological evidence that does exist reveals a number of methodological and theoretical concerns that bring into question its applicability and use. These shortcomings not only force one to question historical interpretations, but also limit what can be said, archaeologically, about the period. It is argued that many of the wider uncertainties surrounding the definition and meaning of the early medieval stem from this absence of archaeological research. What is urgently needed is a revitalization of the archaeological approach to the study of the period; some ways are suggested in which this might be achieved in terms of methodological approaches, and questions that could be asked.
Obsidian Sourcing at Ulilang Bundok Site and its Implications for Mobility, Exchange, and Social Contexts in the Philippine Metal Age
Authors: Chia Stephen , Neri Leee Anthony M. , De La Torre Amalia
Published: May 2015

This article discusses the results of chemical analysis to trace the source of the obsidian artifacts from the site of Ulilang Bundok in Batangas, Philippines. The obsidian artifacts used in this study were excavated from the site of Ulilang Bundok while samples of obsidian were also collected from known obsidian sources in Nagcarlan, Batangas, and Pagudpod, Ilocos Norte, for comparative purposes. Chemical analyses of the obsidian artifacts and source samples were carried out on a scanning electron microscope using the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer at the University of Science Malaysia, Penang and the electron microprobe at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. Multi-elemental analysis and statistical procedures performed on elemental data obtained from the obsidian artifacts and sources provided strong indications that the obsidian artifacts from Ulilang Bundok were made using obsidian obtained from the Nagcarlan source. The chemical sourcing results are significant in that they suggest that obsidian was a limited and valued raw material that was likely mined and traded through expanding social exchange networks. This has further implications for understanding how the complexity and spatial extent of trade reflects emerging social complexity in the Philippines Metal Age.