bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of nano-activated carbon and apply it for dyes removal from water
Authors: Al Jebur Layla A. , Alwan Liqaa Hussein
Published: October 2021

The present study investigates the production of nano-activated carbon from banana peels mixed with nylon 6.6 and polyethene. The carbonization process was carried out by mixing accurate percentages of the banana peels with different ratios of nylon 66 and a suitable amount of potassium hydroxide. The fusion carbonization, without solvents, was used in this paper to decompose the nylon mixture, releasing amino and carboxylate roots that can easily react with the carbon chains. The prepared nano-activated carbon was characterized using different technologies, including SEM, AFM, FT-IR, and EDX technologies. The results showed the produced carbon has spherical particles with a pore size of 1.21 nm and a surface area of 1,071.7 m2/gm. Additionally, it was noticed, from the FT-IR spectrum, the prepared carbon does not contain any active groups, which means it is an inert material. X-ray analysis showed the new carbon is made from carbon (78.57%) and oxygen (21.43%). After optimizing the wavelength, the prepared carbon was used to adsorb methylene blue and Eirochrom black T dyes from solutions. The results showed the best equilibrium time, dose of carbon and concentration of dyes was 40–50 minutes, 0.04 g and 20 ppm, respectively.
Profiling and Characterization of microRNAs Responding to Sodium
Butyrate Treatment in Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Dewei , Sun Gongping , Duan He , Meng Jin
Published: October 2021

Background:

Short-chain fatty acids exert anti-cancer effects on tumor cells.

Objective:

We aimed to reveal the signaling network altered by butyrate in Gastric Cancer (GC)
using small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq).

Methods:

The effects of butyrate on the biological behavior of NCI-N87 and KATO III cells in
vitro were assessed by functional assays and half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of butyrate
in KATO III cells were calculated. sRNA-seq was performed on KATO III cells. Differentially
expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified between butyrate treatment and control
groups using DESeq2, and miRNA targets were predicted. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network
of DE-miRNA targets was created using Metascape. Key MCODE complexes were identified
using the MCODE algorithm and cluster Profiler. The relationship between DE-miRNA and
GC overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results:

Butyrate dose-dependently inhibited NCI-N87 and KATO III cell viability. KATO III
cells were more sensitive to butyrate than NCI-N87 cells. Butyrate promoted apoptosis and inhibited
KATO III cell migration. Total 324 DE-miRNAs were identified in KATO III cells, and 459
mRNAs were predicted as targets of 83 DE-miRNAs. Two key protein complexes were identified
in a PPI network of the 459 targets. A key signaling network responding to butyrate was generated
using targets in these key complexes and their miRNA regulators. The DE-miRNAs in the key signaling
network were related to the OS of GC.

Conclusion:

Butyrate altered the biological behavior of GC cells, which may be achieved by regulating
miRNAs and related oncogenic pathways.
Exploring the N1 Position of Biginelli Compounds: New Insights and
Trends for Chemical Diversity Generation of Bioactive Derivatives
Authors: Gonçalves Itamar Luís , das Neves Gustavo Machado , Kagami Luciano Porto , Gonçalves Guilherme Arraché , Davi Leonardo , Eifler-Lima Vera Lucia
Published: October 2021

:

Dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) are heterocycles obtained by the multicomponent Biginelli
reaction. Recently, new synthetic protocols have allowed us to explore functionalisation at less
explored positions of DHPMs, such as the N1 position. In this context, a full literature survey of N1-
substituted DHPMs was performed. We analysed 27 papers and identified 379 compounds with substituents
at the N1 position, most of them with alkyl groups, and a total of 28% compounds with aromatic
substituents attached at the N1 position. N1-substituted DHPMs were explored mainly due to
their effects on cancer cell proliferation via numerous targets, such as kinesin Eg5, heat shock protein
70, heat shock protein 90, and the epidermal growth factor receptor. Similarity analyses were performed
using the data of 379 DHPMs from different cheminformatic approaches, i.e., chemical property
correlations, principal component analysis, similarity networks, and compound clustering.
LncRNAs Roles in Chemoresistance of Cancer Cells
Authors: Taghvimi Sina , Abbaszadeh Sepideh , Banan Fatemeh Bahrami , Fard Elahe Soltani , Jamali Zeinab , Najafabadi Milad Ahmadi , Savardashtaki Amir , Movahedpour Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Cancer is an important health issue worldwide. Cancer therapy is multifaceted,
and drug resistance is still the major limiting factor in the treatment of patients with this
disease. Although the mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance have been broadly
investigated, a massive biological signal pathway of Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)
involved in this process has not been completely understood. Long noncoding RNAs
(lncRNAs) are a kind of transcripts with a minimum length of 200 nucleotides in size,
which have a limited potential for coding proteins. The roles of these RNA molecules
have been evaluated in relation to several pathological processes, including tumor
formation and progression. Increasing evidence has recently reported that non-coding
RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly long non-coding RNAs, have significant roles in many
cellular and genomic processes, and because of their potential in regulation specific
genes, they are also involved in drug resistance. In this review, we review the literature
on the features of lncRNA, their regulation roles in the gene expression related to chemo
resistance, and the potential of these RNAs as targeted therapies for personalized
treatment in cancers.
DFT Study on the Interaction of Lenalidomide Anticancer Drug on the
Surface of B12N12 Nanocluster
Authors: Sharifi Shamsa , Sheikhi Masoome , Shahab Siyamak , Kaviani Sadegh , Kumar Rakesh
Published: October 2021

The adsorption of the Lenalidomide (LNA) drug on the surface of the B12N12 nanocluster
has been studied using DFT and TD-DFT calculations. The quantum calculations have been performed
at the B3LYP/6-311+G** level of theory in the solvent water. The change of DM also displays
a charge transfer between LNA and nanocluster. The adsorption of the LNA drug from the
O1 atom on the B12N12 nanocluster leads to higher electrical conductivity due to the low Eg rather
than the other active sites. According to QTAIM analysis, -G(r)/V(r) values for B-O and B-N bonds
are between 0.5 and 1, confirming the partially covalent character. The values of LOL and ELF are
low in the region between the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of LAN and B12N12, which show that the
interactions have mainly non-covalent character. The calculated data revealed that the B12N12
nanocluster can be an appropriate biomedical carrier for the delivery of LNA drugs.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Dihalofuranones
Authors: Lyons Thérèse A. , Gahan Cormac G.M. , P. O'Sullivan Timothy
Published: October 2021

Background:

Halogenated furanones have been found to act as potent quorum sensing
inhibitors in several bacterial species. It is believed that dihalofuranones covalently bind to the
LuxS enzyme, which is necessary for autoinducer-2 synthesis. In addition to their antimicrobial
activity, halogenated furanones also possess anti-cancer, antioxidant, and depigmentation properties.
However, traditional routes to these compounds are low-yielding and capricious.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate higher-yielding preparations of gemdihalofuranones
and compare their reactivity using Suzuki chemistry.

Methods:

Ramirez dibromoolefination of maleic anhydride was optimised using a variety of conditions.
A similar route was investigated for the preparation of bromofluorofuranones and dichlorofuranones.
The conversion of a dichlorofuranone to the corresponding iodofuranone derivatives
using microwave-assisted Finkelstein chemistry was also studied. Lastly, the reactivity of the different
dihalofuranones was compared by Pd-mediated coupling with phenylboronic acid.

Results:

A higher-yielding, concise synthesis of dibromofuranones was developed using a modified
Ramirez reaction. Additionally, a telescoped preparation of dichlorofuranone was higher yielding
than previous approaches. Bromine- and iodine-substituted dihalofuranones proved more reactive
than their chlorine-substituted analogues.

Conclusion:

Higher yielding routes to bromine-, fluorine-, chlorine- and iodine-containing dihalofuranones
were successfully developed. Suzuki couplings of gem-dihalofuranones were found to
proceed with high stereoselectivity.
Molecular Modeling Study for the Evaluation of Natural Compounds as
Potential Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase Inhibitors
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Singh Randhir , Kumar Praveen
Published: October 2021

Background:

Candida albicans is one of the most important causes of fatal fungal infections.
Ergosterol, the main sterol in the fungal cell membrane, is the resultant product of Lanosterol in the presence
of the enzyme Lanosterolα-demethylase (Cytochrome P450DM). This enzyme is the target enzyme
of azole antifungal agents.

Aim:

To evaluate the antifungal potency of some of the natural compounds via molecular modeling and
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) study.

Method:

The study involved the selection and modeling of the target enzyme, followed by the refinement
of the model using molecular dynamic simulation. The modelled structure of the enzyme was validated
using the Ramachandran plot and Sequence determination technique. A series of natural compounds was
evaluated for cytochrome P450 inhibitory activity using molecular docking studies. The structures of
compounds were prepared using a Chem sketch, and molecular docking was performed using Molergo
Virtual Docker (MVD) program.

Results:

The docking study indicated that all the natural compounds have interactivity with protein residue
of 14α-demethylase, and the heme prosthetic group and water molecules are present at the active site.
The data were also correlated with the synthetic compounds that were experimentally inactive against the
fungus and had a low docking score. The compounds with a high dock score were further screened for
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) profile, and it was predicted that
these compounds can be used as lead with a good ADME profile and low toxicity.

Conclusion:

The natural compound, i.e., curcumin, can easily be used further for lead optimization.
Electrostatic and Van Der Waals Forces
Authors: Takio Nene , Basumatary Dencil , Yadav Meera , Yadav Hardeo Singh
Published: October 2021

Non-covalent intermolecular interactions are the fundamental forces which
defines all the shape and structural stability of the biomolecules. Hydrogen bonds hold
strands of DNA together and also responsible for determining the three-dimensional
structure of folded proteins, whereas electrostatic and vander waals interactions are
found to be a dominant factor in determining conformation of biomolecules.
Noncovalent forces are individually weak relative to covalent bonds, but the
cumulative effect of such interactions in a protein or nucleic acid can be very
significant. They all play a fundamental role in fields as diverse as supramolecular
chemistry, structural biology, polymer science and nanotechnology.
PROBLEMS OF CRIMINAL LAW REGULATION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PROMOTION OF TERRORIST ACTIVITIES
Authors:   A.M. Abdulatipov Dagestan State University, Abdulatipov A.M.
Published: October 2021

The inclusion of Article 205.1 violated the construction system of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which led to competition, conflict and duplication of the norms of the General and Special parts of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the author justified the relevance of the problem of streamlining criminal liability for promoting terrorist activities. Analyzing the basic concepts of the disposition of the article under consideration and the scientific research of a number of modern scientists in this field, the author comes to the conclusion that in accordance with the norms of the institute of complicity (Chapter 7 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), the acts listed in Article 205.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation can be qualified with reference to the relevant norms providing for the responsibility of an accomplice, instigator, organizer of criminal activity. Also, preparation for the commission of certain crimes specified in the article under consideration can be qualified by reference to part 1 of Article 30 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the severity of the punishment for these acts is not reduced. On the basis of the study, the author also made a number of other conclusions and suggestions that have theoretical and practical significance.
THE TRUE PLACE OF THE JUDICIAL FINE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE CRIMINAL LAW
Authors:   S.A. Korneev Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Korneev S.A.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the judicial fine, which was fixed in the Criminal Code of the Russian in July 2016 (Article 762 , Chapter 152 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The content of these normsnovels indicates a deviation of the legislator from the postulates developed in the science of Soviet criminal law on the essence of criminal responsibility and other measures of a criminal legal nature. This points to the need for an in-depth doctrinal study of the judicial penalty. The purpose of the work is to determine the essence of the court fine and its place in the design of the normative legal act. In the course of the study, it is concluded that a court fine is actually a measure of criminal liability. It follows from this that the consolidation of the legal phenomenon under consideration in the section devoted to other measures of a criminal legal nature can be considered a violation of the logic of structuring and unifying the provisions of a normative act. The conclusion scientifically substantiates the affiliation of the judicial fine to the institution of exemption from punishment and its consolidation in Chapter 12 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
THE CONCEPT AND ESSENCE OF PROVOCATION OF NECESSARY DEFENSE
Authors:   I.V. Pikin Vladimir Law Institut of the FPS of Russia, Pikin I.V. , Tarakanov I.A. ,   I.A. Tarakanov Vladimir Law Institut of the FPS of Russia
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the concept and essence of provocation of necessary defense. The authors analyze the provisions of article 37 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation, Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation from 27.09.2012 № 19 «About application by courts of legislation on necessary defense, and causing harm when apprehending person, who committed the crime», opinions among legal scholars on the criminal legal evaluation of the actions committed in the defense of the assault, which was triggered by the defending entity. As a result of the conducted research, the essential features are highlighted and the author's definition of provocation of the necessary defense is proposed.
STAGES OF REFORM OF THE RUSSIAN CONSTITUTION: THERE WILL BE NO FIFTH ROUND?
Authors:   N.A. Bobrova Togliatti State University, Bobrova N.A.
Published: October 2021

Amendments to the Russian Constitution are being analyzed and conclusions are drawn: 1) 2020 reform – the fourth reform of the Russian Constitution, but the first three didn't happen on a large scale; 2) The reason for the reform-2020 was the problem of the expiration of Vladimir Putin's powers in 2024; 3) Chapter Amendments 38 however of the Russian Constitution meaningfully affect or even contradict Chapter 1; 4) The reform was another increase in the powers of the President of the Russia against the background of decorative increase in the powers of the Federal Assembly of the RF; 5) the controversial text of the Russian Constitution excludes the possibility of new constitutional reform and dictates the need for the adoption of a new Constitution of Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM IN SOVEREIGN ABKHAZIA
Authors:   V.D. Dzidzoev Gorsk State Agrarian University, VSC RAS, SOGU, Dzidzoev V.D.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the problems of the sovereignty and statehood of the Republic of Abkhazia. The author focuses on the 1994 Constitution of Abkhazia and highlights the role of the legislative body - the People's Assembly - the Parliament of the Republic of Abkhazia. Analyzing the political and legal reforms in the young independent state of the South Caucasus, the author, in order to improve the constitutional reform, proposes separate proposals for the complex process of reforming statehood.
ON THE CONSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN
Authors:   M.Sh. Kadimova Dagestan State University, Kadimova M.Sh.
Published: October 2021

Within the framework of this article, the problem of processing production and consumption waste is considered, which is so urgent today, both for our republic and for Russia as a whole. Recycling is necessary, firstly, because the resources of many materials on Earth are limited and cannot be replenished. Secondly, once released into the environment, materials most often become pollutants. Third, waste and end-of-life products are often a cheaper source of many substances and materials than natural sources
COLLEGIAL OMBUDSMAN SERVICES: CONSTITUTIONAL LEGAL STATUS
Authors:   S.G. Trifonov Crimean branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Trifonov S.G.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the constitutional and legal status and effectiveness of a special type of human rights bodies - collegial (collective) ombudsmen. Since the protection and protection of individual rights is the most important task facing the state bodies of any democratic state, in some of them a model of a collective ombudsman is built into the state and legal reality, which has both undoubted advantages and disadvantages inherent in any collegial body. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, it is established that the collegial ombudsman services have demonstrated sufficient stability in ensuring human rights and proved the necessity of their existence. The collegial form of the ombudsman institution contributes to the development of the main directions of the work of the service and a clear specialization of the ombudsmen, which, in turn, leads to an improvement in the quality of their work.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Z. T. Abusufyanova Dagestan State University, Abusufyanova Z. T.
Published: October 2021

The problems of improving the quality of customs administration are relevant for the Federal Customs Service of Russia. The development of integration processes and the activation of foreign economic relations in Russia necessitates the improvement of the activities of customs authorities, improving the efficiency of customs administration through the introduction of modern information technologies, as well as improving the entire customs infrastructure. The priority in organizing the activities of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation should be the creation and implementation of information and software tools and technologies that provide full automation of customs operations, including: electronic declaration of goods, electronic preliminary information, automatic registration of customs declarations, automatic release of goods, etc. When writing the work, research methods were used: expert assessments, analysis, synthesis, system analysis, statistical analysis, formallegal, comparative-legal. Based on the analysis of the statistical data of the Federal Customs Service of Russia, the opinions of scientists and experts in the field of customs, the measures that increase the efficiency of the customs authorities are proposed.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE PROPERTIES OF THE CIVIL PROCEDURAL FORM
Authors:   K.K. Magomedova Dagestan State University, Magomedova K.K.
Published: October 2021

In the article investigates some aspects of the civil law concept of procedural form and her properties. We prove that the category " civil procedural form" covers a side of the civil (arbitration) process, and the administrative proceedings regulated by the Code of the Russian Federation. The problem of insufficient awareness of citizens about the activities of the judicial system today has not lost its relevance. Ensuring of maximum openness and transparency of justice is one of the main directions for the further development of the judicial system. In the article, the author proposed to interpret the transparency of justice as a property of the procedural form. The idea of transparency of justice as an element of the international standard of a fair judicial procedure is not objectified in the independent principle of procedural law, the implementation of the idea is provided by the system of judicial and legal principles of civil procedural law.
FEATURES OF PROOF IN CASES OF PROTECTION OF PRIVACY
Authors:   A.M. Nurbalaeva Dagestan State University, Nurbalaeva A.M.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the procedural features of proof in cases of protection of privacy, analyzes the judicial practice in this category of cases. The author concludes that the right to privacy should not interfere with the equally important right to judicial protection when the participants in the process are deprived of the opportunity to collect and submit to the court evidence relevant to the case. The analysis of judicial practice reveals wide limits of judicial discretion in cases of protection of the right to privacy, and in this regard, contradictory judicial practice in this category of cases.
FEATURES OF RESOLVING INDIVIDUAL LABOR DISPUTES ON TERMINATION OF THE EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT AT THE EMPLOYER'S INITIATIVE
Authors:   Z.A. Alieva Dagestan State University, Alieva Z.A.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of topical problems of termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer, the effectiveness of legal mechanisms for protecting the rights of workers when reinstating at work. It is said that when considering individual labor disputes on termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer, there are a number of features, due to which certain problems and violations of labor legislation arise. The problematic issues of the institute of employee restoration at work are considered. The materials of judicial practice in cases of challenging the fact of dismissal of an employee at the initiative of the employer are analyzed. The conclusion is substantiated that a clear regulation of the rights of the employee and the employer, individual procedural actions and measures in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation when carrying out the dismissal procedure at the initiative of the employer, serves as the basis for the legality of court decisions.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in northern Namibia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mboko Michael
Published: October 2021

Introduction: There is an epidemic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Africa and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is among the major drivers. However, the burden of CKD in HIV-infected patients in Africa varies widely by country and study, ranging from 0.5–59.3%. Published data on the prevalence of CKD in the Namibian HIV-infected population are scarce. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD and associated factors in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in northern Namibia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the four regions of northern Namibia, using existing electronic records used in the management of HIV-infected patients. Variables captured included the two most recent serum creatinine measurements, date of birth, sex, date of initiating antiretroviral therapy, current antiretroviral treatment, and most recent HIV viral load results. We used standardised serum creatinine measurements to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as estimated GFR (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 on two occasions at least three months apart. Factors associated with CKD were assessed using logistic regression. Results: We included 1 993 participants, of whom 1 362 (68%) were female and mean age was 44.5 ± 11.5 years.The proportion of participants who were virally suppressed was 97% (95% CI 96, 98%) and the median durationon antiretroviral therapy was 107 months (IQR 62–149). The prevalence of CKD was 1.4% (95% CI 1.0, 2.0%).CKD cases were 13 times more likely to be 45 years or older and 3.5 times more likely to be male than those without CKD. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a low prevalence of CKD among the HIV-infected population in northern Namibia. Patients older than 45 years may need additional monitoring for kidney function using eGFR.
Machine learning and chronic kidney disease risk prediction
Authors: Wainstein Marina , Shrapnel Sally , Clark Chevon Lee , Hoy Wendy , Healy Helen , Katz Ivor
Published: October 2021

With a prevalence of approximately 10–15% in Africa and a close relationship with other non-communicable diseases, chronic kidney disease (CKD) can result in a significant comorbidity burden and impact on quality of life. The complex spectrum of precipitants and drivers of progression present a challenge for early diagnosis and effective interventions. Predicting this progression can provide clinicians with guidance on the need and frequency of monitoring in specialist clinics, the degree to which interventions such as kidney biopsies and aggressive risk factor modification may be of use, and to plan, in a timely manner, the various elements of dialysis initiation and transplantation. For patients, such predictions have the potential to contextualise the recommended therapies and monitoring regimes prescribed, allowing them to engage better with decision making and planning if, and when, kidney replacement therapies are needed. This paper explores the use of machine learning to facilitate such predictions and improve our understanding of CKD as well as to provide a platform for future studies to examine their clinical utility and value to both clinicians and patients.
Assessment of occupational risks: New approaches, improvement, and methodology
Authors:   Department of Labor Protection, Industrial and Civil Safety, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, et al. Polukarov
Published: October 2021

This study raises the issues of occupational risks and the new approaches to their assessment, improving research methods in this direction. The relevance of the stated subject is due to a wide variety of situations that arise in modern industries and have a high degree of risk for employees of enterprises. The purpose of this study is to determine new approaches to occupational risk assessment, as well as to study various aspects of improving production activities in the context of using new methods for assessing the degree of risks. The leading scientific method is a combination of analytical and logical approaches to the set of issues brought into the topic of this study. The main results of this study: identification of new, effective methods for assessing the degree of risks of occupational injuries and estimation of the level of occupational injuries at Ukrainian enterprises in 2020 and several previous years. Prospects for further study in this direction introduce methods for assessing the real level of occupational risks in the production sphere, in order to reduce the total number of situations associated with risk for workers of modern industrial enterprises that arise in the process of conducting work activities. The applied value of this study lies in the possibility of the subsequent practical application of the obtained results, in order to form the basis for the safe implementation of professional activities by employees of enterprises and organizations operating in various spheres of the economy, industry, and production. Identification of various aspects of occupational risks assessment in various areas contributes to the elimination of such risks and prevents their occurrence in the future.
Hydrogen Storage in Cryogenic, Cybernetic, and Catalytic Vessels for Transport Vehicles
Authors:   Université de Paris, Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France, Ilisca Ernest ,   Storage of Hyperfine Hydrogen for Transport, SHYT, F-75013 Paris, France
Published: October 2021

Most of the hydrogen storage vessels meant for vehicles to run the electric motor via a fuel cell during transport are designed for drives of only a few tenths of kilometers per day. The present report, however, describes a vessel model that is conceived to hold the hydrogen energy only for short periods during transport, such as a few hours. This would include transport via a light-duty vehicle, a taxi, or a bus, which would load liquid hydrogen at a station every morning for the day. This is a simple model based on the novel concept of Double Open Vessel (DOV), in which the liquid H2 is loaded inside an open container inserted inside another open container. The walls of this DOV are constituted of simplified linings that allow the entry of thermal heat nearly a hundred times greater than that allowed by the cryo-compressed vessels with higher insulation. After loading, the liquid evaporates, while the gas flows around its initial container into which it was loaded, passes through a few porous plugs, and is gradually released towards the Fuel Cell (or toward an ignition motor). Such a counter-flow of the gas creates a retroaction effect that insulates the inner container, thereby delaying the increases in temperature and pressure. The successive porous plugs installed in the space between the two containers form a system of barrages that regulate the gas flow through successive expansions of decreasing pressures. In addition, these catalytic plugs convert a portion of the loaded hydrogen into its ortho variety, acting as a heat pump, while temporarily storing the other portion. Collectively, these effects maintain the internal pressures below 150 bar. The proposed design for the DOV models is convenient to manufacture and has a lighter weight, and consequently, a low cost.
Quantum Chemistry Estimation of Adhesion Strength of Hydroxyapatite with Titanium Substrate
Authors:   Mathematics Department, University of North Georgia, P.O. Box 1358, Gainesville, Georgia 30503, USA, Balueva Alla V. , Dashevskiy Ilia N. ,   Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS, pr. Vernadskogo, 101-1, 119526 Moscow, Russia, Todebush Patricia ,   Chemistry Department, University of North Georgia, P.O. Box 1358, Gainesville, Georgia 30503, USA
Published: October 2021

One of the ways to improve the fusion of an implant with bone tissue is through the use of biocompatible coatings, in particular, hydroxyapatite (HAp). It is important to assess the strength of the HAp adhesion to the implant. The measure of the strength of the bond of the coating with the substrate is the energy of this bond. Using density functional theory and molecular dynamics, the reaction path, reaction products, oscillation frequency, activation energy and bond energy between different combinations of component anions HAp and Ti (II) – the standard material of implants – are calculated. Using the computational chemistry software suite Gaussian 09 (Revision C.01 was used), the stable configurations of the reactants and products are found, and the binding energy of hydroxyapatite and titanium is then calculated based on the difference in ground energy of reactants and ground energy of products. Thus, the method of adhesion strength estimation between HAp coatings and Ti is proposed based on numerical calculations using MD software, and suggestions are provided on which conditions would be the best for optimal binding strength.
Short Form of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth Self-Report (PSC-17-Y): Spanish Validation Study
Authors: Piqueras Jose A , Vidal-Arenas Verónica , Falcó Raquel , Moreno-Amador Beatriz , Marzo Juan C , Holcomb Juliana M , Murphy Michael
Published: October 2021

Background

The short form, 17-item version of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth Self-Report (PSC-17-Y) is a validated measure that assesses psychosocial problems overall (OVR) and in 3 major psychopathological domains (internalizing, externalizing, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), taking 5-10 min to complete. Prior research has established sound psychometric properties of the PSC-17-Y for English speakers.

Objective

This study extends psychometric evidence for the acceptability of the PSC-17-Y in a large sample of Spanish adolescents, providing proof of its reliability and structure, convergent and discriminant validity, and longitudinal and gender invariance.

Methods

Data were collected on 5430 adolescents, aged 12-18 years, who filled out the PSC-17-Y twice during 2018-2019 (7-month interval). We calculated the Cronbach alpha and the McDonald omega coefficients to test reliability, the Pearson correlation for convergent (distress) and criterion validity (well-being, quality of life, and socioemotional skills), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for structure validity, and multigroup and longitudinal measurement invariance analysis for longitudinal and gender stability.

Results

Within structural analysis for the PSC-17-Y, CFA supported a correlated 3-factor solution, which was also invariant longitudinally and across gender. All 3 subscales showed evidence of reliability, with coefficients near or above .70. Moreover, scores of PSC-17-Y subscales were positively related with convergent measures and negatively related with criterion measures. Normative data for the PSC-17-Y are presented in the form of percentiles (75th and 90th).

Conclusions

This work provides the first evidence of the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the PSC-17-Y administered over the internet to assess mental health problems among adolescents, maintaining the same domains as the long version.
An Integrated Model to Improve Medication Reconciliation in Oncology: Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Passardi Alessandro , Serra Patrizia , Donati Caterina , Fiori Federica , Prati Sabrina , Vespignani Roberto , Taglioni Gabriele , Farfaneti Ghetti Patrizia , Martinelli Giovanni , Nanni Oriana , Altini Mattia , Frassineti Giovanni Luca , Minguzzi Martina Vittoria
Published: October 2021

Background

Accurate medication reconciliation reduces the risk of drug incompatibilities and adverse events that can occur during transitions in care. Community pharmacies (CPs) are a crucial part of the health care system and could be involved in collecting essential information on conventional and supplementary drugs used at home.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to establish an alliance between our cancer institute, Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST), and CPs, the latter entrusted with the completion of a pharmacological recognition survey. We also aimed to integrate the national information technology (IT) platform of CPs with the electronic medical records of IRST.

Methods

Cancer patients undergoing antiblastic treatments were invited to select a CP taking part in the study and to complete the pharmacological recognition step. The information collected by the pharmacist was sent to the electronic medical records of IRST through the new IT platform, after which the oncologist performed the reconciliation process.

Results

A total of 66 CPs completed surveys for 134 patients. An average of 5.9 drugs per patient was used at home, with 12 or more used in the most advanced age groups. Moreover, 60% (80/134) of the patients used nonconventional products or critical foods. Some potential interactions between nonconventional medications and cancer treatments were reported.

Conclusions

In the PROF-1 (Progetto di Rete in Oncologia con le Farmacie di comunità della Romagna) study, an alliance was created between our cancer center and CPs to improve medication reconciliation, and a new integrated IT platform was validated.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04796142; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04796142
Authors' Responses to Peer Review of “Offenders With Personality Disorder Who Fail to Progress: A Case-Control Study Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Path Analysis” (Preprint)
Authors: Mathlin Georgina , Freestone Mark , Taylor Celia , Shaw Jake
Published: October 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

These are authors' responses to peer review for ms#27907.
Personality traits comparison between eating disorder patients and their healthy siblings / Comparación de rasgos de personalidad entre pacientes con trastorno de la conducta alimentaria y sus hermanas sanas
Authors: Agüera Zaida , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Granero Roser , Penelo Eva , Wagner Gudrun , Karwautz Andreas , Riesco Nadine , Menchón José Manuel , Fernández-Aranda Fernando
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The aims of the study were threefold: 1) analyze differences in symptomatology and general psychopathology among eating disorder (ED) patients and their sisters discordant for eating disorders, 2) identify differential personality vulnerabilities between ED patients and their healthy sisters and 3) identify predictors of developing an ED. The sample consisted of 92 female participants (46 ED patients fulfilling DSM-IV-TR criteria vs. 46 healthy sisters). The results showed significant differences in eating symptomatology and general psychopathology among the groups. In terms of personality traits, ED patients had higher harm avoidance (p<.001) and lower self-directedness (p<.001) compared with their discordant sister. Finally, the results showed that having a history of obesity or overweight (p=.027), and specific traits of temperament (high scores on harm avoidance; p=.025) and character (low self-directedness; p=.009) were associated with the development of an ED. These findings suggest that the combination of non-shared environmental factors, such as obesity with specific vulnerabilities of personality, influence the subsequent emergence of an eating disorder. Key words: Eating disorders, Personality traits, Siblings, Predictors, Obesity. Resumen. Los objetivos del presente estudio con pacientes-hermanas fueron: 1) Analizar diferencias existentes en sintomatología alimentaria y psicopatología general entre pacientes con trastorno alimentario (TCA) y hermanas discordantes para el trastorno, 2) Identificar en qué medida pacientes y hermanas presentan vulnerabilidades de personalidad diferenciales; 3) Identificar factores predictores de aparición de TCA. La muestra estuvo formada por 92 participantes mujeres (46 pacientes TCA vs 46 hermanas sanas). Todos los pacientes cumplían criterios DSM-IV para el TCA. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en todas las escalas de sintomatología alimentaria y psicopatología general entre ambos grupos. En términos de rasgos de personalidad, las pacientes con TCA presentaban una mayor evitación del daño (p<.001) y menor auto-dirección (p<.001) al ser comparadas con sus hermanas discordantes para el trastorno. Finalmente, los resultados mostraron que haber tenido historia previa de obesidad o sobrepeso (p=.027) y rasgos específicos de temperamento (elevada evitación al daño; p=.025) y carácter (baja auto-dirección; p=.009) se asociaban al posterior desarrollo de un TCA. La combinación de factores ambientales no compartidos, tales como obesidad con vulnerabilidades específicas de personalidad, influyen en la posterior aparición de un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria. Palabras clave: Trastornos alimentarios, Rasgos de personalidad, Hermanas, Predictores, Obesidad.
Feeding disorders of infancy or early childood: A review / Trastornos del la ingestión alimentaria de la infancia o la niñez: Una revisión
Authors: Martin Clarissa I. , Dovey Terence M. , Arcelus Jon
Published: October 2021

Abstract Feeding disorders of infancy or early childhood are a common presenting problem at health clinics. However, they are often mistaken with eating disorders, such as Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa, in spite of remaining as different diagnostic categories in both the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10. Children’s feeding disorders are also understudied in comparison with eating disorders. The lack of a clear definition of feeding disorders, the diversity in prevalence figures and the challenges in the classification of these disorders affects the identification of feeding disorders in the clinical practice. This article aims to review the available literature in order to contribute to a better understanding of feeding disorders of infancy or early childhood. Key words: Feeding Disorders of Infancy or Early Childhood, Review, Classification. Resumen Los Trastornos de la Ingestión Alimentaria de la Infancia o la niñez (TIAI) son de común presentación en las consultas de profesionales de la salud. Sin embargo, a menudo son confundidos con los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA), Anorexia Nerviosa y Bulimia Nervosa,  aunque estos permanecen como entidades diagnósticas separadas tanto en el DSM-IV-TR como en el ICD-10. En comparación con los TCA y con otros trastornos del comportamiento infanto-juvenil, los TIAI están escasamente investigados. Los términos utilizados para su descripción, la diversidad en la prevalencia, y las dificultades en la clasificación, afectan la identificación de estos problemas en la práctica clínica. Por ello, este artículo tiene como objetivo el repasar la literatura disponible sobre estos trastornos para así contribuir a una mejora en el entendimiento de los TIAIs. Palabras clave: Trastornos de la Ingestión Alimentaria de la Infancia o la Niñez, Revisión, Clasificación.
Restrictive diet or excessive exercise: ¿What are the adolescents choose to reduce the size? / Dieta restringida o ejercicio excesivo: ¿Qué eligen las adolescentes para reducir la talla?
Authors: Hernández-Alcántara Alfredo , León Hernández Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

Abstract The socio-cultural or peer pressure on pre-adolescents and adolescents who desire a perfect body figure can lead to the practice of excessive exercise and/or restrictive diet in order to achieve thinness.  So the purpose of this study is to evaluate both factors in a group of Mexican women who practice organized and disciplined physical activity in an institutional framework and Mexican female who don´t practice it.  The sample consisted on N= 774 women: n=387 practice physical activity and n=387 do not exercise in a disciplined manner.  The average age was M=11.8, SD=2.2 with a range between 9 and 16 years old. It was used a scale that measure dietary risk factors and one that measure excessive exercise. Results. An ANOVA generated a model that suggests that women who don’t practice organized and disciplined exercise and are more exercise dependence, incur in more restrictive diet. It follows that among the girls who don’t practice organized physical activity (exercise) dependence could be reduced to an attitude towards physical exercise combined with restricted diet, for weight control and reducing size. This suggests that physical activity, sports and recreational organized activities organized within an institutional framework promotes eating health.  Key words: Restrictive diet, sport, exercise, eating disorders.  Resumen La presión cultural sobre púberes y adolescentes que desean una figura ideal puede orillarlas a la práctica de ejercicio excesivo y/o dieta restringida con el fin de alcanzar la delgadez. Por ello el propósito del presente trabajo es evaluar ambos factores en un grupo de mujeres mexicanas que practican actividad física organizada y otro que no la practica. La muestra quedó formada por N=774 mujeres: n=387 practican ejercicio y n=387 no lo practican de forma disciplinada. La edad promedio fue M=11.8, DE= 2.2 con un rango de entre 9 y 16 años. Se utilizó una escala que mide factores alimentarios de riesgo y una que mide factores deportivos. Resultados. Un ANOVA generó un modelo que sugiere que las mujeres que no practican actividad física organizada y que son más dependientes al ejercicio incurren más en la dieta restringida. De ello se deduce que entre las chicas que no practican actividad física organizada la dependencia al ejercicio podría reducirse a una actitud hacia el ejercicio físico que además combinan con dieta restringida para controlar el peso y reducir la talla. Esto sugiere que la actividad físico-deportiva-recreativa-organizada dentro de un marco institucional promueve la salud alimentaria. Palabras clave: Dieta restringida, deporte, trastornos alimentarios.
Family functioning in clinical population and population at risk of eating disorders / Funcionamiento familiar en población clínica y población con riesgo de trastornos alimentarios
Authors: Ruíz Martínez Ana Olivia , Vázquez Arévalo Rosalía , Mancilla Díaz Juan Manuel , Lucio Gómez-Maqueo María Emilia , Aizpuru de la Portilla Araceli
Published: October 2021

Abstract  This study was conducted with the aim to compare the family functioning in women with different level of eating alteration: clinic (AN, BN, EDNOS) and risk to ED; also to assess the risk and protective effects of family functioning over the participants’ diagnosis. 135 women participated; they were diagnosed with clinic interview and answered three questionnaires: EAT, BULIT and FES. The results confirmed that the ED symptoms are more pronounced in the clinical groups (BN, EDNOS), especially there were more compensatory behaviors in clinical groups than the risk group. The bulimic group has the poor family functioning. The co­rrelational analysis confirmed some negatives associations between ED symptoms and family functioning. In consequence, the logistic regression models indicate that encourage the development dimension has a protective effects to decrease the probability to have ED, however, the contribution is limited because the models leave a large amount of unexplained variance. The findings are discussed from the multifactorial perspective where the family functioning should be interpreted in conjunction with others individual and social factors associated to ED.   Key words: Eating disorders, symptomatology, family functioning, protection.  Resumen  El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de comparar el funcionamiento familiar en mujeres con diferente grado de alteración alimentaria: clínica (AN, BN, TCANE) y en riesgo (STCA); así como, evaluar si dicho funcionamiento ejerce efectos de riesgo y /o protección sobre el diagnóstico de las participantes. Partici­paron 135 mujeres quienes fueron diagnosticadas mediante entrevista clínica y contestaron los cuestionarios: EAT, BULIT y FES. Los resultados confirman que los síntomas están más acentuados en los grupos clínicos (BN y TCANE), especialmente las conductas compensatorias son mayores que en el grupo de riesgo. El funcionamiento familiar del grupo con BN muestra mayor deterioro. El análisis correlacional mostró diversas asociaciones negativas entre los síntomas de TCA y el funcionamiento familiar. En consecuencia, los modelos de regresión logística indicaron que fomentar la dimensión de desarrollo tiene efectos de protección al disminuir la posibilidad de presentar algún TCA, sin embargo el alcance es limitado dada la cantidad de varianza inexplicada. Los resultados son discutidos desde la perspectiva multifactorial donde el funcionamiento familiar se debe interpretar conjuntamente con otros factores individuales y sociales. Palabras clave: trastornos alimentarios, sintomatología, funcionamiento familiar, protección.