bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An unusual cause of ‘pleuritic’ chest pain
Authors:   Department of Elderly Medicine, Rotherham General Hospital, Moorgate Road, Oakwood, S Tan Evelyn , J Willemse Pierre ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Rotherham General Hospital, Rotherham, UK, H Abdelhafiz Ahmed ,   Department of Geriatric Medicine, Rotherham General Hospital, Moorgate Road, Rotherham
Published: June 2021

A 77 year old man presented to A&E with sudden onset left sided chest pain. This chest pain was severe enough to wake him up from sleep in the early hours of the morning. The pain was pleuritic in nature and severe enough to require administration of intravenous morphine. He had a past medical history of ischaemic heart disease (1997), pulmonary embolism (1997), and left sided pnuemothorax (1998). Drug history consisted of lansoprazole 30mg od, isosorbide mononitrate 60mg od, nicorandil 10mg bd, aspirin 75mg od, beclomethasone 100 inhaler 1 puff bd, salbutamol 100 inhaler prn and combivent nebuliser qds. He was a retired miner, having worked for 40 years underground. There was also a 20 pack year smoking history although he had stopped for 20 years. He was independent and had a 100 to 200 yard exercise tolerance on the flat. Observations showed respiratory rate of 18, temperature of 36.5 degrees Celsius, BP 133/69, oxygen saturation of 98% on air and a regular pulse of 70 beats per minute. Clinical examination did not reveal any abnormality, with no abdominal or chest wall tenderness.
‘Outfoxed’ – Out of Season
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Our Lady’s Hospital Navan, Ireland, Imran Khan M , Callaghan A ,   Department of Medicine, Our Lady’s Hospital Navan, Ireland, Eltayeb EK ,   Department of Medicine, Our Lady’s Hospital Navan, Ireland, Kelly John G ,   School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland, McGarry K ,   Our Lady’s Hospital Navan, Ireland
Published: June 2021

A 65 year old woman presented to the Emergency Department of our district general hospital three hours following ingestion of a blended mixture of apples and foxglove leaves, mistaking them for spinach leaves. She complained of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, dizziness and blurred vision.
Unrecognised late post-partum eclampsia presenting as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors:   Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, Joshi Vijay , Julian Mort Dominic ,   Neurology, Chase Farm Hospital, The Ridgeway, Enfield, Middlesex
Published: June 2021

We present a lady in whom late post-partum eclampsia (LPE) was overlooked. The diagnosis was delayed and only made when MRI brain demonstrated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). There is a need for greater awareness of both LPE and PRES. We summarise the recent literature and emphasise the importance of recognising the conditions on clinical grounds so that treatment can be started without delay.
Bedside ultrasound in the Acute Medical setting – Practiced by the Acute Physician or Ultrasonographer?
Authors:   Acute Medicine, Arrowe Park Hospital, Upton Wirral, Lorains J
Published: June 2021

Ultrasound is widely used by physicians in the emergency medical setting in the USA, Australia and Europe. The objective in bringing ultrasound to the bedside is to bring immediacy to diagnostic decisions and improve safety for interventional procedures. Additionally within the NHS there are increasing pressures to limit bed usage and manage more conditions in an ambulatory setting. Shortening the time to scan and decisions based on the results would be of benefit to the individual patient and the organisation.
Basic ultrasound skills should be a core component of training in the acute medicine curriculum
Authors:   Acute Medicine, Medical Assessment Unit, Royal United Hospital, Bath, Mallet ML
Published: June 2021

6.30 pm Friday, and you are doing the afternoon intake round. A 33-year-old African woman presents with 2 months malaise, cough and dyspnoea. Her CXR shows an enlarged globular heart. HIV and TB are your first thoughts, but do you need to call in the cardiologist? 11 am Saturday on the Acute Medical Unit (AMU). A 35 year old man has been seen earlier this morning following a collapse, after being assaulted 2 days previously; the diagnosis is unclear. You spot him looking pale and tachycardic. Further examination shows bruising in the flanks. Is he bleeding internally?
Cerebral Nocardiosis in a patient with Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinaemia
Authors:   Wessex Deanery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom, Tapley Patrick , G Cranfield Tanya ,   Haematology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom, K Simon Godwin ,   Diabetes and Endocrinology, Wessex Deanery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Published: June 2021

Abstract Nocardiosis is caused by nocardia species, a Gram positive aerobic filamentous bacillus. It is ubiquitous in the environment and often presents as pulmonary disease in more than 70% of patients.1 Dissemination of the disease may manifest as brain abscesses, and is reported to account for approximately 2% of all brain abscesses.2,3 We present a case of cerebral nocardiosis in a patient with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia, previously unreported in the literature…
What becomes of the broken-hearted? A typical case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Authors:   Acute Care Unit, Gloucester Royal Hospital, Great Western Road, Gloucester, Shiva Sreenivasan , Beckham Louise M ,   Acute Medicine, Department of Medicine, Frenchay Hospital, Dalton Geoff ,   Cardiology, Weston General Hospital
Published: June 2021

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC), or apical ballooning syndrome (ABS), is becoming an increasingly recognised entity. Usually preceded by emotional stress, it is characterised by chest pain associated with ST-segment elevation on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), elevated cardiac biomarkers, and reversible left ventricular (LV) apical hypokinesia, making it an important differential diagnosis for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We present a typical case of TC initially misdiagnosed and treated as a STEMI, fortunately with no adverse consequences…
An Uncommon Cause of Pyrexia of Unknown Origin
Authors:   Rheumatology, West Suffolk Hospitals, Bury St Edmunds, Rajagopal Vivek , Collins Joanne ,   Department of Medicine, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury Health Care NHS Trust, Burroughs Susan ,   Department of Pathology, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury Health Care NHS Trust, Carroll Carmen ,   Department of Medicine, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury Health Care NHS Trust
Published: June 2021

Prolonged unexplained fever is one of the most challenging problems encountered in clinical medicine. We report the case of a patient with an uncommon cause of Pyrexia of Unknown Origin (PUO)…
British Society of Echocardiography Accreditation – The ‘Gold Standard’ For Acute Medicine
Authors:   Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Department of Acute Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Clare Sarbjit
Published: June 2021

We read with interest to the article written by Kevin Fox 1 and wholly support the notion that acute medical trainees who wish to undertaken echocardiography within the medical admissions unit (MAU) should achieve British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) accreditation. I was one of the first trainees in acute medicine to undertake training in echocardiography; despite considerable competition from cardiology registrars as well as resistance from the physiology department I am now close to attaining the BSE Trans Thoracic Echocardiography accreditation...
Picture Quiz: A Case of Acute Hepatitis – Answers
Authors:   Salford Royal Foundation NHS Trust, Komrower Daniel , Warner Richard ,   Salford Royal Foundation NHS Trust, Price Victoria ,   Acute Medicine, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital
Published: June 2021

His syphilis serology was positive – Initial IgG ELISA test positive – TPHA positive – IgM positive and RPR (128) positive confirm recent infection All other screening tests (including viral hepatitis and HIV test) were unremarkable, hence a diagnosis of secondary syphilis causing hepatitis was made. Further examination revealed a healing chancre on the shaft of his penis and pustules around the anu.
Acute Medicine: A Practical guide to the management of medical emergencies
Authors: Chambers John B. , Sprigings David , Vearncombe Laura ,   Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust
Published: June 2021

Any junior doctor navigating the early stages of training will recognise the need to develop the ability to crystallise the essence of a clinical case with a few succinct questions and directed examination, enabling subsequent investigations and treatments to be well directed. Whilst the acquisition of this experience requires hard yards on the shop floor, this book makes an excellent companion for the junior doctor in the Emergency Department or the Admissions Unit. It offers an accessible and concise guide to the management of acute medical problems, with succinct ‘aide memoires’ for focussed assessment.
Total lab automation in microbiology: An overview of BD Kiestra InoqulA and Copan WASP
Authors: Assama Riaz  , Dinali Obeysekera  , Kelsie Ruslow
Published: June 2021

Total Laboratory Automation (TLA) is the future of laboratory diagnostics due to its efficiency, reproducibility, better turnaround time (TATs), precision, sensitivity, and specificity. Microbiology is generally considered a human dependent field and still, most of the microbiology world is confused with TLA implementation. Two better-claimed technologies BD Kiestra InoqulA and Copan WASP have emerged as a well satisfactory solution of microbiology automation in the last decade. Here we design a practical approach and reviewed all studies of BD Kiestra InoqulA and Copan WASP, assessed microbiology samples in a healthcare setting.
Çevrim İçi Eğitimde Öğrencilerin Devamsızlık Nedenlerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ERDEM Samed , GÖRGÜLÜ ARI Asli
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüm dünyada ve ülkemizde görülen Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde, ortaokul seviyesinde, çevrim içi eğitime devamsızlık yapan öğrencilerin devamsızlık nedenlerini araştırmaktır. Ayrıca araştırma kapsamında, çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin devamsızlık yaptıkları ders saatlerinde vakitlerini nasıl geçirdikleri, eksik kaldıkları konuları nasıl telafi ettikleri, yaptıkları devamsızlığın sonuçlarının neler olabileceği, ailelerin devamsızlık konusunda çocuklarına yaklaşımları, öğrencilerin çevrim içi eğitime devam edebilmeleri için önerilerinin neler olabileceği ile ilgili öğrenci görüşleri alınmıştır. Araştırmada olgu bilim deseni, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, İstanbul’da devlete bağlı bir ortaokulda 30 kız, 50 erkek toplamda 80 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada kullanılmak üzere 9 maddelik görüşme formu hazırlanmış, çalışmaya katılan öğrenciler ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılırken bu form kullanılmıştır. Bu görüşmelerden elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesi için ise betimsel analiz tekniği seçilmiştir. Öğrenci görüşlerine göre; cihaz eksikliği ve internet bağlantı problemleri ön plana çıkmış, bunun yanında psikolojik, ailesel ve ortamsal faktörler ile sağlık faktörünün de öğrencilerin çevrim içi eğitimdeki devamsızlığında etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrenciler, çevrim içi eğitime devam edebilmek için cihaz temin edilmesi, internet bağlantısı sağlanması, uygun sessiz bir ortamın oluşturulması, derslere katılma isteğini arttıracak içeriklerin sunulması gibi birçok öneride bulunmuşlardır.
Türkiye’deki Turizm Gelirlerinin Dış Ticaret Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Farklı Yapay Sinir Ağları ile Elde Edilen Öngörülerin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: CİNEL Emek Aslı , YOLCU Ufuk
Published: June 2021

Küreselleşen yeryüzünde önemi her geçen gün artan turizm sektörü, döviz geliri, dış ödemeler dengesi üzerindeki olumlu etkisi, meydana getirdiği istihdam ve vergi gelirleriyle ekonomiyi pozitif yönde etkileyen bir faaliyet alanıdır. Farklı birçok hizmet türünü içerisine alan turizm, ekonomide üretim ve tüketim artışına neden olmaktadır. Farklı birçok sektörü kolayca etkileyebildiği için ülkelerin öncelik verdiği, hükümetlerin çeşitli politika ve uygulamalarla daha fazla geliştirmeyi hedeflediği bir sektör pozisyonundadır. Gelişmekte olan birçok ülke ile benzer biçimde ülkemizde de turizm sektörünün ilerlemesi ekonomik büyümenin sağlanabilmesi bakımından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Turizm gelirleri, ülke ekonomilerine döviz girdisi sağlamakta ve ödemeler dengesini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, turizm sektörünün dış ticaret dengesi üzerinde yarattığı etkilerin ortaya konulması amaçlanmış, turizm gelirleriyle dış ticaret dengesi arasındaki ilişki yapay sinir ağları yöntemiyle öngörülmeye çalışılmıştır. 2013-2020 dönemini kapsayan dış ticaret dengesi öngörüsünde yapay sinir ağı girdileri olarak aynı döneme ilişkin turizm gelirleri model girdileri olarak kullanılmış ve çözümlemeler, TÜİK’ten elde edilen aylık verilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde dilen bulgular turizm gelirlerinin dış ticaret dengesi üzerinde doğrudan ve güçlü bir etkiye sahip olduğu gerçeğini desteklemektedir. Gelecek çalışmalarda, dış ticaret dengesini, turizm gelirleri ile birlikte diğer bazı ekonomik gösterge değişkenlerinin de etkileyebileceği fikrinden hareketle, çok değişkenli yapılar içeren yapay sinir ağı modelleri ortaya konulabilir. Ayrıca, zaman serisi analiz yöntemleri ile yapay sinir ağlarının bir kombinasyonundan oluşturulabilecek melez öngörü modelleri kullanılabilir.
Değerler Eğitimine Yönelik Dijital Çizgi Roman Tasarımı: “Gizemli Labirent”
Authors: KESKİN Ayşe , İLHAN Genç Osman
Published: June 2021

Değerler toplumların varlığını sürdürmesi için değişilmezleridir. Değerlerin bireylere öğretimi toplumların varlığı ve huzuru için oldukça önemlidir. Birçok farklı yolla değerler aktarılır ve öğretilir. Bunlardan birisi ve başlıcası da eğitimdir. Türkiye’de öğretim programları incelendiğinde Sosyal bilgiler dersi programının değerler açısından önemli bir misyona sahip olduğu görülür. Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler dersinde değerlerin öğretimine yönelik dijital çizgi roman materyali tasarlamaktır. Çalışmada değer öğretimine yardımcı olması için geliştirilen eğitici çizgi roman ‘Pixton’ adlı Web 2.0 aracıyla hazırlanmıştır. Tasarlanan eğitici çizgi romanda toplam 48 tane kare bulunmaktadır. Eğitici çizgi romanda anlatılan, bir sınıfta yer alan öğrencilerin okul koridorunda başlayan maceralarının sınıfta devam ederek gizemli labirente düzenlenen öğretici okul gezisi ile sona ermesidir. Değerler eğitimi amacıyla hazırlanan bu eğitici çizgi roman sayesinde öğrencilerin öğretim programındaki değerler ve çizgi romanda yer verilen değerler hakkında bilgi edinebilmeleri, günlük yaşamla ilişkilendirebilmeleri, değerlerin önemini kavrayabilmelerine yönelik bir materyal geliştirme hedeflenmektedir.
Contradictory cares in community-led planning
Authors: Yuille Andy
Published: June 2021

The affective, practical and political dimensions of care are conventionally marginalised in spatial planning in the UK, in which technical evidence and certified expert judgements are privileged. Citizens are encouraged to participate in the planning system to influence how the places where they live will change. But to make the kind of arguments that are influential, their care for place must be silenced. Then in 2011, the Localism Act introduced neighbourhood planning to the UK, enabling community groups to write their own statutory planning policies. This initiative explicitly valorized care and affective connection with place, and associated care with knowledge of place (rather than opposing it to objective evidence). Through long-term ethnographic studies of two neighbourhood planning groups I trace the contours of care in this innovative space. I show how the groups’ legitimacy relies on their enactment of three distinct identities and associated sources of authority. Each identity embodies different objects, methods, exclusions and ideals of care, which are in tension and sometimes outright conflict with each other. Neighbourhood planning groups have to find ways to hold these tensions and ambivalences together, and how they do so determines what gets cared for and how. I describe the relations of care embodied by each identity and discuss the (ontological) politics of care that arise from the particular ways in which different modes of care are made to hang together: how patterns of exclusion and marginalisation are reproduced through a policy which explicitly seeks to undo them, and how reconfiguring relations between these identities can enable different cares to be realised. This analysis reveals care in practices that tend to be seen as antithetical to caring, and enables speculation about how silenced relations could be made visible and how policy could do care better.
‘Not in our Name’
Authors: Nicholls Emily Jay , Henry Jade Vu , Dennis Fay
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we draw on our collaborative work running a salon for thinking about care in STS research, which quickly became more about fostering an ethico-politics for thinking with care as a mode of academic intervention. Not dissimilar to the origins of the salon in nineteenth-century France, the salon provided a provocative and disruptive space for early career researchers (ECRs) to think together.
As attention and critique increasingly point towards the unequal distribution of harms arising from marketization and the vulnerability of ECRs in the ‘neoliberal university,’ we have witnessed a surge in activities that promise a supportive space, such as pre-conference conferences, seminar series, discussion forums and self-care workshops. In this paper, we ask not only what these modes of care might make possible, but also what exclusionary practices and patterns they mask or render more palatable (Ahmed, 2004; Duclos & Criado, 2020; Martin et al., 2015; Murphy, 2015).
Reflecting on our experiences of organizing and participating in the salon, with the stated purpose to explore ‘ecologies of care’ as an embodied socio-material practice (Puig de la Bellacasa, 2017), we move from care ‘out there’ in STS research to care ‘in here’. We follow threads spun by and out from the group to rethink our own academic care practices and how to do the academy otherwise.
Editorial: Care in STS
Authors: Lindén Lisa , Lydahl Doris
Published: June 2021

During the last 10 years the Science and Technology Studies (STS) community has witnessed a flourishing, intense and multifaceted engagement around “care”. While care had been addressed already before in Joanna Latimer’s The conduct of care: Understanding nursing practice (Latimer, 2000) , and in Jeanette Pols’ Good care: Enacting a complex ideal in long term-psychiatry (Pols, 2004), care seemed to be on everybody’s lips around 2010. Around the same time, the edited volume Care in practice: On tinkering in clinics, homes and farms (Mol et al., 2010) and the article Matters of care in technoscience: Assembling neglected things (Puig de la Bellacasa, 2011) were published. With akin, yet partly diverging, agendas and concerns, these two key publications drastically increased the amount of research that identify with something like an area of “care studies” in STS. This can also be seen in the publication of special issues devoted to care during the last years, notably the much-cited 2015 issue in Social Studies of Science focused on feminist technoscience interventions into the politics and “darker sides” of care (Martin et al., 2015), and the more recent on relationalities and specificities of care in East Asian Science, Technology and Society (Coopmans & McNamara, 2020). Noteworthy is also the special issue on “The politics of policy practices” in The Sociological Review Monograph, where Gill et al. (2017) discuss how policy and care are entangled, and how such entanglements could be enacted more “care-fully”. These publications have spurred rich and generative engagements about ways to attend to the affective, ethico-political and/or material layers of care, within and beyond areas traditionally thought of as related to care (such as healthcare and childcare).
Valoración Económica Para La Conservación Del Bosque De La Cuenca De Tecocomulco, Hidalgo
Authors: Ramos-Álvarez María de Jesús , Larqué-Saavedra Bertha Sofía , Hernández-Ortíz Juan , Monroy-Hernández Rubén , Hernández-Álvarez Zenón
Published: June 2021

En el presente estudio se realizó una valoración económica aplicando el método de valoración contingente para la conservación del bosque de la cuenca Laguna de Tecocomulco. Se eligió como caso de estudio los municipios de Almoloya, Apan y Tepeapulco. Se aplicaron 266 cuestionarios determinado por muestreo simple aleatorio y muestreo proporcional.  Los resultados muestran que la DAP promedio fue de $13.33 mensual por persona obtenido mediante el modelo logit binomial, el valor económico para la conservación del bosque se estimó en $539,111.41 mensual. El 65% de los encuestados están dispuestos a pagar para conservar el bosque. El 85% conocen los beneficios que provee el bosque y el 88% están conscientes del deterioro ambiental que existe en la cuenca. Las variables que resultaron estadísticamente significativas con un nivel de confiabilidad del 95%, en la determinación de la DAP son: edad, educación, género y conocimiento sobre los beneficios del bosque.
‘Internationale’ mensenhandel; zoeken naar een balans tussen vrijheids- en beschermingsbeginsel
Authors: Esser Luuk
Published: June 2021

‘Internationale’ mensenhandel; zoeken naar een balans tussen vrijheids- en beschermingsbeginsel

Article 273f, paragraph 1, subparagraph 3, of the Dutch Penal Code criminalizes, as trafficking in human beings, the act of recruiting, removing or abducting another person with the intention of inducing this person to make himself available, in another country, for the performance of sexual acts with or for a third party for remuneration. This provision, deriving from an international convention established in 1933, has always been a bit of an oddity in the Dutch penal provision on trafficking in human beings since it is not necessary to prove that the prostitute involved was lured or otherwise forced into prostitution and prostitution is legalized in the Netherlands. The Supreme Court of the Netherlands ruled in a landmark case in 2016, that the act criminalized in subparagraph 3 can only be punishable in situations where it can be said that the recruiting, removing or abduction of the prostitute occurred under circumstances that can be qualified as exploitation. This contribution sheds light on the historical backgrounds of this remarkable penal provision, its particularities and the recent case law of the Supreme Court. It demonstrates that the development of this provision and the discussion it sparks, embody the more general quest, in criminal law, to strike a balance between protecting individual liberty on the one side and protecting vulnerable persons on the other.
Metamorphoses of Shamed Bodies
Authors: Päällysaho Pieta ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

In this paper I explore the connections between shame and embodiment in Euripides’s play Helen. The paper focuses on the play’s underlying theme of sexual violence and rape, and on the descriptions of metamorphoses that the mythological female victims often undergo in the face of rape. In my analysis on shame and embodiment I apply two insights from Giorgio Agamben’s analysis of the phenomenon of victim shame in The Remnants of Auschwitz. These are, first, the definition according to which shame is “to be consigned to what cannot be assumed”—that is, to be consigned to one’s self, being and physical body—and second, the claim that in shame one is affected by one’s own (bodily) passivity. Building on these definitions, I explore the intimate connection between shame and embodiment at work in Helen. As a result we can see how the female metamorphoses before or after sexual violence—in Euripides’s play and in Greek mythology in general—can be read in terms of victim shame. Furthermore, I suggest that this shame of the victims of sexual violence originates from the very nature of the crime itself: from being forced to experience the body’s abject passivity.
Histopathologic and Machine Deep Learning Criteria to Predict Lymphoma Transformation in Bone Marrow Biopsies
Authors: Irshaid Lina , Bleiberg Jonathan , Weinberger Ethan , Garritano James , Shallis Rory M. , Patsenker Jonathan , Lindenbaum Ofir , Kluger Yuval , Katz Samuel G. , Xu Mina L.
Published: June 2021

Context.—

Large cell transformation (LCT) of indolent B-cell lymphomas, such as follicular lymphoma (FL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), signals a worse prognosis, at which point aggressive chemotherapy is initiated. Although LCT is relatively straightforward to diagnose in lymph nodes, a marrow biopsy is often obtained first given its ease of procedure, low cost, and low morbidity. However, consensus criteria for LCT in bone marrow have not been established.

Objective.—

To study the accuracy and reproducibility of a trained convolutional neural network in identifying LCT, in light of promising machine learning tools that may introduce greater objectivity to morphologic analysis.

Design.—

We retrospectively identified patients who had a diagnosis of FL or CLL who had undergone bone marrow biopsy for the clinical question of LCT. We scored morphologic criteria and correlated results with clinical disease progression. In addition, whole slide scans were annotated into patches to train convolutional neural networks to discriminate between small and large tumor cells and to predict the patient's probability of transformation.

Results.—

Using morphologic examination, the proportion of large lymphoma cells (≥10% in FL and ≥30% in CLL), chromatin pattern, distinct nucleoli, and proliferation index were significantly correlated with LCT in FL and CLL. Compared to pathologist-derived estimates, machine-generated quantification demonstrated better reproducibility and stronger correlation with final outcome data.

Conclusions.—

These histologic findings may serve as indications of LCT in bone marrow biopsies. The pathologist—augmented with machine system appeared to be the most predictive, arguing for greater efforts to validate and implement these tools to further enhance physician practice.
Inteligencia artificial en periodismo: usos y recursos
Authors: Ollé Candela
Published: June 2021

Cada semestre la responsable de Google News Lab en la Península imparte un taller online y sincrónico para el alumnado del Máster universitario de Periodismo y Comunicación Digital. La última sesión, Innovación e Inteligencia Artificial en Periodismo, la lideró Paula Montañà, quien acercó la inteligencia artificial (AI) a los periodistas a partir de ejemplos y herramientas de gran utilidad. ¿Cómo se usa la IA en las redacciones? ¿En qué áreas de la profesión tiene más futuro? Allá vamos.
A graça manifestada e a pregação na Castela dos séculos xiv e xv
Authors: Alves Teodoro Leandro
Published: June 2021

Objective/Context: Ecclesiastical production in Castilian language at the transition from the fourteenth to the fifteenth century, as well as in other vernacular languages of the period, highlighted the need to create teaching parameters for clerics and to prepare them in a better way to instruct the faithful in the doctrines of the Holy Scriptures. As theological and pastoral works were produced mostly in Latin until that time, it became essential to write treaties that were intelligible to the humblest clergymen. Based on a systematic review of works destined to the initiation of clerics in their duties in the Crown of Castile, this study examines the regulation of the conduct of clergymen, emphasizing the strategies adopted to guide preachers in recognizing the action of grace in their words. The importance of focusing this work on sermons reserved for clerics arises from the richness of this material to teach habits and values considered virtuous for all types of parishioners. Methodology: In order to examine the edifying role of preaching by instructed members of the Catholic Church, the first step consisted in systematizing instructions contained in sermon collections and manuscripts written by bishops that clearly defined the benefits of the preached word. Next, the means to naturalize such recommendations were questioned, highlighting the textual supports transmitted to the clergy. Originality: This study seeks to differentiate itself from other works on the training of clergy by addressing the role attributed to divine grace in stimulating words and inspiring the laity. Conclusions: Divine grace was considered not only the source of inspiration for clergymen to produce sermons, but also the channel through which the sacred word managed to stimulate the faithful to put into practice the teaching communicated to them.
Convalescent plasma use in the USA was inversely correlated with COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Casadevall Arturo , Dragotakes Quigly , Johnson Patrick W , Senefeld Jonathon W , Klassen Stephen A , Wright R Scott , Joyner Michael J , Paneth Nigel , Carter Rickey E
Published: June 2021

Background:

The US Food and Drug Administration authorized COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) therapy for hospitalized COVID-19 patients via the Expanded Access Program (EAP) and the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), leading to use in about 500,000 patients during the first year of the pandemic for the USA.

Methods:

We tracked the number of CCP units dispensed to hospitals by blood banking organizations and correlated that usage with hospital admission and mortality data.

Results:

CCP usage per admission peaked in Fall 2020, with more than 40% of inpatients estimated to have received CCP between late September and early November 2020. However, after randomized controlled trials failed to show a reduction in mortality, CCP usage per admission declined steadily to a nadir of less than 10% in March 2021. We found a strong inverse correlation (r = −0.52, p=0.002) between CCP usage per hospital admission and deaths occurring 2 weeks after admission, and this finding was robust to examination of deaths taking place 1, 2, or 3 weeks after admission. Changes in the number of hospital admissions, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and age of patients could not explain these findings. The retreat from CCP usage might have resulted in as many as 29,000 excess deaths from mid-November 2020 to February 2021.

Conclusions:

A strong inverse correlation between CCP use and mortality per admission in the USA provides population-level evidence consistent with the notion that CCP reduces mortality in COVID-19 and suggests that the recent decline in usage could have resulted in excess deaths.

Funding:

There was no specific funding for this study. AC was supported in part by RO1 HL059842 and R01 AI1520789; MJJ was supported in part by 5R35HL139854. This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the Department of Health and Human Services; Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response; Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority under Contract No. 75A50120C00096.
First record of predation of a hatchling turtle by the Western tiger snake (Notechis scutatus occidentalis).
Authors: Lettoof D. C. , Santoro A , Swinstead C. VL. , Cornelis J.
Published: June 2021

Snake-Turtle interactions have been rarely documented. We recorded a hatchling Chelodina oblonga within the stomach contents of a Western tiger snake (Notechis scutatus occidentalis). This is the first recorded observation of an interaction between snakes and hatchling freshwater turtles in Western Australia. Field based palpation failed to detect the hatchling, suggesting that without dissection, turtle hatchling predation by snakes more generally could be higher than commonly reported. Snake predation of hatchlings could be placing additional pressure on threatened populations of freshwater turtles in Australia, warranting further investigation.
Comparison of Three Artificial Lift Operations in the Niger Delta
Authors: Ndubuka Chinedu I. , Akpabio Julius U.
Published: June 2021

More than 70% of oil-producing wells require some form of artificial lift to increase the flow of fluids from subsurface to the surface when a reservoir no longer has sufficient energy to produce at economic rates. This situation has been observed in the Niger Delta oil wells over the past years and has caused the abandonment of reservoirs with a significant volume of  hydrocarbon. Data from two oil wells that could not flow naturally to the surface have been  obtained from an oil company operating in the Niger Delta. The arm of this study is to optimize the  production of two oil wells using an artificial lift system. To increase production and extend the life of these wells, artificial lift projects were considered. This was done with the aid of Integrated   Production Modelling (IPM) tool in Petroleum Expert suite. Two wells were simulated using the obtained data, and their production performances were evaluated. The well’s   production outputs were optimized using artificial lift systems, that is electric submersible pump (ESP), hydraulic pump (HP), and gas lift (GL). The results obtained showed that the ESP wells have the highest oil production rate compared to GL and HP respectively. An economic analysis was carried out using Net Present Value (NPV), Profitability Index (PI) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). In terms of economic comparison, ESP is the most viable project  with the highest NPV, PI and IRR Hence, the ESP technology proved to be the best technology for sustaining a high production rate, increasing revenue and proved to be economically viable in Niger Delta oil fields.
On the evaluation of mobile target trajectory between four‐dimensional computer tomography and four‐dimensional cone‐beam computer tomography
Authors: Baley Colton , Kirby Neil , Wagner Timothy , Papanikolaou Nikos , Myers Pamela , Rasmussen Karl , Stathakis Sotirios , Saenz Daniel
Published: June 2021

Purpose

For mobile lung tumors, four‐dimensional computer tomography (4D CT) is often used for simulation and treatment planning. Localization accuracy remains a challenge in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) treatments. An attractive image guidance method to increase localization accuracy is 4D cone‐beam CT (CBCT) as it allows for visualization of tumor motion with reduced motion artifacts. However, acquisition and reconstruction of 4D CBCT differ from that of 4D CT. This study evaluates the discrepancies between the reconstructed motion of 4D CBCT and 4D CT imaging over a wide range of sine target motion parameters and patient waveforms.

Methods

A thorax motion phantom was used to examine 24 sine motions with varying amplitudes and cycle times and seven patient waveforms. Each programmed motion was imaged using 4D CT and 4D CBCT. The images were processed to auto segment the target. For sine motion, the target centroid at each phase was fitted to a sinusoidal curve to evaluate equivalence in amplitude between the two imaging modalities. The patient waveform motion was evaluated based on the average 4D data sets.

Results

The mean difference and root‐mean‐square‐error between the two modalities for sine motion were −0.35 ± 0.22 and 0.60 mm, respectively, with 4D CBCT slightly overestimating amplitude compared with 4D CT. The two imaging methods were determined to be significantly equivalent within ±1 mm based on two one‐sided t tests (p < 0.001). For patient‐specific motion, the mean difference was 1.5 ± 2.1 (0.8 ± 0.6 without outlier), 0.4 ± 0.3, and 0.8 ± 0.6 mm for superior/inferior (SI), anterior/posterior (AP), and left/right (LR), respectively.

Conclusion

In cases where 4D CT is used to image mobile tumors, 4D CBCT is an attractive localization method due to its assessment of motion with respect to 4D CT, particularly for lung SBRT treatments where accuracy is paramount.
Distributed resilient state estimation for nonlinear systems with randomly occurring communication delays and missing measurements
Authors: Qian Wei , Guo Simeng , Zhao Yunji , Xu Xiaozhuo , Fei Shumin
Published: June 2021

This article is concerned with the distributed H∞ resilient state estimation problem for a class of nonlinear systems with randomly occurring communication delays and missing measurements in sensor networks. A novel sensor model is proposed, in which two Bernoulli distributed white sequences are introduced to describe the random communication delay and missing measurements in a unified framework. Meanwhile, the estimator gain is allowed to fluctuate within a certain range. Based on the developed model, a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional with multiple delay information terms is constructed, then the stochastic analysis technique and the extended integral inequality are used to calculate the functional derivative. Consequently, the existence conditions for the required distributed estimator are established to ensure that the estimation error system is asymptotically mean‐square stable and satisfies the prescribed H∞ performance constraint, and the desired gain of distributed resilient estimator is also solved by linearizing the nonlinear terms. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Ion‐Gating Engineering of Organic Semiconductors toward Multifunctional Devices
Authors: Xiang Lanyi , Liu Liyao , Zhang Fengjiao , Di Chong‐an , Zhu Daoben
Published: June 2021

Ion‐gating engineering provides a new way to bridge electronics and ionics, and more importantly, bringing unprecedented opportunities for organic semiconductors (OSCs) based bioelectronics and solid‐sate physics. Compared with conventional‐dielectric gating, ion gating shows unique features in an extremely large electric field, high transconductance, low operating frequency, and ultrahigh carrier concentration. It therefore boosts the rapid development of different organic devices, including neuromorphic devices and amplifying transducers, and offers a powerful strategy to probe the charge transport, thermoelectric and even superconducting properties of organic materials at different scales. In this review, first, the fundamental mechanism of ion gating is discussed to enable multifunctional devices. The electrolyte materials and organic semiconductors are also summarized that are widely used in ion‐gated devices and their associated properties are examined. Moreover, key concepts of manipulating ion–electron coupling are highlighted for opening up new frontiers in organic multifunctional electronics. Finally, the challenges and perspectives on the ion gating of OSCs are proposed to highlight the directions that deserve attention in this emerging interdisciplinary field.
Reversible Switching of Battery Internal Resistance Using Iongate Separators
Authors: Gonzalez Matthew S. , Yan Qizhang , Holoubek John , Li Mingqian , Wu Zhaohui , Zhou Hongyao , Kim Sean , Liu Haodong , Jung Bum‐Young , Lee Suk‐woo , Chen Zheng , Liu Ping
Published: June 2021

Battery separators are a critical component that greatly determine cell calendar life and safety. Generally, these separators are passive with no ability to reversibly change their properties in order to optimize battery performance. Here, an iongate separator is demonstrated, which allows ion transport while in the oxidized “on” state but limits ion transport when switched to the reduced “off” state. This is achieved by depositing a dense 300 nm thin film of polypyrrole:polydopamine (PPy:PDA) on a conventional polyolefin separator. By using this iongate separator as a third electrode, a rapid and reversible order of magnitude increase of iongate resistance is achievable. The iongate battery shows similar cycling performance to a normal battery while in the “on” state, but cycling can be reversibly shut‐off when the iongate separator is reduced to the “off” state. During elevated temperature storage with the iongate separator in the “off” state, battery capacity loss is decreased by 37% and transition metal crossover is greatly suppressed when compared to a normal battery without the iongate. Additionally, rapid shut‐off during discharge is demonstrated by directly shorting the iongate separator to the anode.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Regulated Drug‐Food Homologous Bioactive Molecules and Photothermal Collaborative Precise Antibacterial Therapy Nanoplatform with Controlled Release Property
Authors: Sun Xinyu , Li Lihua , Zhang Hui , Dong Mengna , Wang Jiao , Jia Pei , Bu Tong , Wang Xin , Wang Li
Published: June 2021

Herein, a collaborative precise antibacterial wound healing therapy nanoplatform integrating drug‐food homologous bioactive molecule (cinnamaldehyde, CA) with photothermal therapy (PTT) is presented. Copper‐gallic acids‐cinnamaldehyde‐polydopamine nanorods (Cu‐GA‐CA‐PDA NRs) with near‐infrared light (NIR)‐controlled CA release property are fabricated, which also integrate CA and photothermal synergistic sterilization, as well as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐infection capacities. The characteristics of NIR‐mediated CA release and photothermal response of Cu‐GA‐CA‐PDA NRs support their excellent sterilization performance in vitro/in vivo. In addition, under the guidance of NIR, Cu‐GA‐CA‐PDA NRs can hinder the formation of inflammatory cells, reduce oxidative stress damage, accelerate the regeneration of skin tissues in S. aureus‐infected wound sites, and achieve the goal of promoting wound healing. Therefore, NIR‐mediated Cu‐GA‐CA‐PDA NRs with multifunctional biological activities provide a highly competitive strategy for curing bacteria‐infected wounds.
Chinese Calligraphy Inspired Design of Humidity/Light Dual Responsive Magic Paper
Authors: Gao Jushan , Zhao Xinxin , Wen Jinpeng , Hu Datao , Li Ruilin , Wang Ke
Published: June 2021

Paper flowers are frequently, for example as indoor decorations and in wedding bouquets. But these traditional paper flowers can only maintain static conditions, greatly affecting their sensory effects, vividness, and appreciation. The design of novel paper flowers with dynamic shape deformation could effectively broaden the application of paper flowers. Here, inspired by Chinese calligraphy, a novel polyvinyl butyral (PVB)/carbon/cellulose composite (PCC) magic paper with a sandwiched structure is prepared. The hygroscopicity difference between hydrophobic PVB and hydrophilic cellulose layer endows the PCC paper with humidity responsiveness, and the maximum bending angle is up to 91.4° upon exposure to humidity environment. Carbon in the interlayer with strong light–heat conversion capacity could further accelerate water desorption and deformation speed, resulting in highly sensitive light responsiveness. The recovery time of PCC paper from maximum bending to the original flat state is shorter than 1 s. The PCC paper has good flexibility and processability, which can be cut and assembled into flowers with different shapes, and these unique magic flowers could freely bloom and furl upon external stimulus. All these results indicate that PCC paper has great potential in the production of magic props, artworks, and intelligent household decorations fields.
Cryogenic‐Temperature Thermodynamically Suppressed and Strongly Confined CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots for Deeply Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Cao Jingjing , Yan Cheng , Luo Chao , Li Wen , Zeng Xiankan , Xu Zhong , Fu Xuehai , Wang Qing , Chu Xiang , Huang Haichao , Zhao Xiaoyun , Lu Jun , Yang Weiqing
Published: June 2021

Suppressing the naturally ultrafast nucleation and growth rates of perovskite nanocrystals is a big challenge to develop high‐performance deeply blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes. Here, a cryogenic temperature thermodynamically suppressed synthetic strategy using liquid nitrogen is designed to obtain ultrasmall CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs; ≈3 nm). Due to its strong confinement effect, the as‐obtained CsPbBr3 QDs present strong deeply blue emission (≈460 nm) with a high quantum yield value of up to 98%, a large exciton binding energy of 301.6 meV, and excellent spectra stability for 60 d under atmosphere environment. This unprecedented regime indicates that cryogenic temperature can eliminate pre‐existing trap states and suppress the nonradiative process. Besides, the resultant perovskite light‐emitting diodes based on ultrasmall CsPbBr3 QDs show deeply blue emission (≈ 460 nm) with a Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) color coordinate of (0.145, 0.054), better than the blue National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) standard. Evidently, this cryogenic temperature synthetic strategy will pave the way for the large‐scale synthesis of the strongly confined ultrasmall quantum dots systems and open the door for the development of next generation solid‐state lighting and displays.
Synthesis of Enantioenriched Amines by Iron‐Catalysed Amination of Alcohols Employing at Least One Achiral Substrate
Authors: Bottari Giovanni , Afanasenko Anastasiia , Castillo‐Garcia Antonio A. , Feringa Ben L. , Barta Katalin
Published: June 2021

The synthesis of a broad range of enantioenriched amines by the direct Fe‐catalysed coupling of amines with alcohols through the borrowing hydrogen strategy, while at least one of these substrates is achiral is reported. When starting from α‐chiral amines and achiral alcohols, a wide range of enantioenriched amine products, including N‐heterocyclic moieties can be obtained with complete retention of stereochemistry and the power of this method is demonstrated in the one‐step synthesis of known pharmaceuticals from commercially available, simple enantiopure primary amines and achiral alcohols. It was also found that the use of β‐branched enantioenriched primary alcohols and achiral amines as reaction partners leads to a partial loss of stereochemical integrity in the final product, however, a systematic optimization enabled partial retention of enantiopurity and possible parameters effecting for racemization were identified.

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Role of Adsorptive Concentration in Fenton‐Like Degradation of Organic Pollutants by Biopolymeric FeOOH/Graphene Oxide Composite Catalyst: Proof of Concept
Authors: Sarkar Amit Kumar , Yun Yeoung‐Sang
Published: June 2021

Despite advances in adsorption chemistry to mitigate water contaminants, the intact nature of contaminants after adsorption limits the technique's wide application. Here, a nanostructured material is engineered and a conceptual study developed—adsorption‐coupled Fenton‐like reaction (ACFLR)—and it is shown that adsorptive concentration of a pollutant on an adsorbent favors Fenton‐like degradation. Sodium alginate (SAG) is introduced as a soft‐gelling template for in situ generation of FeOOH, which stabilizes graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (SAG‐FeOOH/GO) to yield active Fenton‐like catalytic adsorptive sites. The catalyst architecture—the biopolymer‐functionalized FeOOH‐supporting GO nanosheets—are responsible for the ACFLR. Methylene blue (MB) is concentrated on SAG‐FeOOH/GO via electrostatic and pi–pi interactions and these interactions are responsible for the adsorptive removal of MB. After adsorptive concentration of MB on the surface of SAG‐FeOOH/GO, the proximity of Fenton‐like catalytic sites enhances the efficient use of the short‐lived reactive oxygen species compared to that of the MB in bulk solution (nonadsorbed MB) for efficient Fenton‐like reactions. The role of adsorption during the Fenton‐like reaction is proved by the structural degradation of MB by the concentrated MB on SAG‐FeOOH/GO under Fenton‐like conditions followed by desorption, which gives the concentration of degraded MB after the step‐wise action of adsorption and Fenton‐like degradation.