bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of β-catenin signaling respecifies anterior-like endothelium into beating human cardiomyocytes
Authors: Palpant Nathan J. , Pabon Lil , Roberts Meredith , Hadland Brandon , Jones Daniel , Jones Christina , Moon Randall T. , Ruzzo Walter L. , Bernstein Irwin , Zheng Ying , Murry Charles E.
Published: July 2015

During vertebrate development, mesodermal fate choices are regulated by interactions between morphogens such as activin/nodal, BMPs and Wnt/β-catenin that define anterior-posterior patterning and specify downstream derivatives including cardiomyocyte, endothelial and hematopoietic cells. We used human embryonic stem cells to explore how these pathways control mesodermal fate choices in vitro. Varying doses of activin A and BMP4 to mimic cytokine gradient polarization in the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo led to differential activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and specified distinct anterior-like (high activin/low BMP) and posterior-like (low activin/high BMP) mesodermal populations. Cardiogenic mesoderm was generated under conditions specifying anterior-like mesoderm, whereas blood-forming endothelium was generated from posterior-like mesoderm, and vessel-forming CD31+ endothelial cells were generated from all mesoderm origins. Surprisingly, inhibition of β-catenin signaling led to the highly efficient respecification of anterior-like endothelium into beating cardiomyocytes. Cardiac respecification was not observed in posterior-derived endothelial cells. Thus, activin/BMP gradients specify distinct mesodermal subpopulations that generate cell derivatives with unique angiogenic, hemogenic and cardiogenic properties that should be useful for understanding embryogenesis and developing therapeutics.
Eye movements in chameleons are not truly independent – evidence from simultaneous monocular tracking of two targets
Authors: Katz Hadas Ketter , Lustig Avichai , Lev-Ari Tidhar , Nov Yuval , Rivlin Ehud , Katzir Gadi
Published: July 2015

Chameleons perform large-amplitude eye movements that are frequently referred to as independent, or disconjugate. When prey (an insect) is detected, the chameleon's eyes converge to view it binocularly and ‘lock’ in their sockets so that subsequent visual tracking is by head movements. However, the extent of the eyes’ independence is unclear. For example, can a chameleon visually track two small targets simultaneously and monocularly, i.e. one with each eye? This is of special interest because eye movements in ectotherms and birds are frequently independent, with optic nerves that are fully decussated and intertectal connections that are not as developed as in mammals. Here, we demonstrate that chameleons presented with two small targets moving in opposite directions can perform simultaneous, smooth, monocular, visual tracking. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such a capacity. The fine patterns of the eye movements in monocular tracking were composed of alternating, longer, ‘smooth’ phases and abrupt ‘step’ events, similar to smooth pursuits and saccades. Monocular tracking differed significantly from binocular tracking with respect to both ‘smooth’ phases and ‘step’ events. We suggest that in chameleons, eye movements are not simply ‘independent’. Rather, at the gross level, eye movements are (i) disconjugate during scanning, (ii) conjugate during binocular tracking and (iii) disconjugate, but coordinated, during monocular tracking. At the fine level, eye movements are disconjugate in all cases. These results support the view that in vertebrates, basic monocular control is under a higher level of regulation that dictates the eyes’ level of coordination according to context.
Lost and found in translation: the case of alliteration
Authors: Lotman Mihhail , Lotman Maria-Kristiina
Published: July 2015

The paper examines the transmission of alliteration in Estonian and Russian translated verse. The main focus is on the translation of alliterative epic, on the one hand, and more recent literary alliteration, on the other hand. Various alliterative techniques in different genres are observed, as well as various strategies in conveying alliteration: rejection of alliteration, transmission of alliteration, compensatory translation, for example, with functional equivalent and eventually, saturation with alliteration, to signal alliteration in a tradition without corresponding framework.
“Ein Fichtenbaum steht einsam” and the typology of the Russian dolnik (following Osip Brik’s, Boris Jarcho’s and Andrei Fedorov’s remarks on the Russian translations from Heine)
Authors: Liapin Sergei , Pilshchikov Igor
Published: July 2015

This paper develops some of the ideas that were expressed at the meeting of the Translators’ Section of the Soviet Writers’ Union (28 December 1934) where Osip Brik’s talk on new Russian translations from Heinrich Heine was presented and discussed. Brik argued for equirhythmical translations of Heine’s dolniks and maintained that equimetrical translations are impossible due to the differences between the Russian and the German systems of verse. His opponents, on the contrary, argued for equimetrical translations and maintained that equirhythmical translations are impossible due to the differences between the accentual systems of the Russian and the German languages. Boris Jarcho, who presided the meeting, developed a theory, according to which every versification system is characterised by primary and secondary features. The primary features represent a determinist norm and should be reproduced in translation to the full extent, while the secondary features represent a statistical norm: they may be reproduced in a proportion that the language and the poetic tradition can afford and that is at the same time similar to the proportion found in the original text. The authors of the present paper discuss three Russian poetic translations of Heine’s celebrated “Ein Fichtenbaum steht einsam...” from the point of view of their equimetricity/equirhythmicity, and compare their metrical and rhythmical structures with various rhythmic types of the Russian dolnik.
The Corpus of Czech Verse
Authors: Plecháč Petr , Kolár Robert
Published: July 2015

The article presents the Corpus of Czech Verse (i.e. a lemmatised, phonetically, morphologically, metrically and strophically annotated corpus of Czech poetry) and the online tools and frequency lists that give access to its data. The following online tools are described: Database of Czech metres – the main tool for working with the corpus data, Gunstick – a web application that serves to investigate the frequency of rhyme pairs and their historical development, Hex – an application which enables to search the Corpus of Czech Verse for texts which contain a keyword specified by the user, or to display all keywords found in the group of texts specified by the user, and Euphonometer – application which enables to quantify the degree of non-randomness of sound repetition in any text.
Older people with dysphagia: transitioning to texture-modified food
Authors: Ullrich Sandra , Crichton Jonathan
Published: July 2015

Older people with dysphagia are at high risk of malnutrition. To maintain safe oral and nutritional intake, solid food may be texture-modified. Little is known about the transition experiences of older people who move from normal to texture-modified foods. The aim of this study was to describe residents' experiences as they transitioned from normal food to texture-modified food. The study used a qualitative descriptive design and individual interviews were conducted with a study group of 28 participants (residents, family members, nursing and care staff, and speech and language therapists). The interviews were thematically analysed. The findings suggest that transition creates the risk of distress, reducing eating to a matter of necessity and hunger, and that the process is perceived as abrupt, and characterised by lack of communication and awareness of the need for change. A key finding is that the language used during transition can be adversely affected by the management of risk. This language promotes a culture of care that emphasises the limitations of residents, reduces their motivation to eat and hinders the delivery of person-centred care. The findings suggest that care facilities for older people need to revisit their dysphagia management protocols to ensure that they support a person-centred approach for recipients of texture-modified food.
The urgent need to improve care for people with mental ill health
Authors: Tingle John
Published: July 2015

John Tingle discusses the Care Quality Commission (CQC) report on people's experiences of help, care and support during a mental health crisis
Healing soft tissue injuries to the equine distal limb
Authors: Chapman Stella
Published: July 2015

Stella Chapman discusses the role of cold therapy in treating tendon and ligament injuries
Effect of infusing an internal teat sealant into a gland infected with a major pathogen
Authors: McDougall Scott , Compton Chris
Published: July 2015

Infusion of an internal teat sealant alone, or in combination with an antimicrobial, at the end of lactation (in cows) or alone 1 month before calving (in heifers) is an effective method to reduce the rate of new infection over the dry period (in cows) and in reducing incidence of clinical mastitis in the subsequent lactation (cows and heifers). Where appropriate care is taken with infusion, the risk of iatrogenic infection is low. Internal teat sealants used alone offer an effective option to prevent new infections, reduce clinical mastitis incidence rate, while reducing overall antimicrobial use in dairy cows.
Manipulating milk quality in the modern dairy herd
Authors: Chamberlain Tom
Published: July 2015

In the current milk market there are considerable incentives available to increase the milk solids content of milk and practitioners need to be able to advise clients on the merits of and changes to these incentives. Milk solids concentrations vary considerably between breeds but higher solids are generally associated with lower milk volume yields. Milk yields and milk solids production are heritable and can be altered by careful bull selection but as yield increases milk solids generally fall. Milk solids production is also affected by season of the year (lower in the summer), stage of lactation (lower at peak yields) and overall yield. Increased fibre intakes will raise butter fat concentration, but will often depress yields. Protected fats will also lift butter fat concentration, but need assessing for cost effectiveness. Milk proteins are generally lifted by increased energy intake and increased starch supply. Careful attention to rumen health will generally increase milk solids output.
Equine Review
Authors: Rendle David
Published: July 2015

Introduction:

This edition of Equine Review considers papers from a number of journals covering subject areas ranging from exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage to influenza vaccines.
Medicine doses in children: It's not child's play
Authors: Tomlin Stephen
Published: July 2015

Paediatrics is a complex clinical specialty encompassing almost a quarter of the world's population, ranging from newborns to 18-year-olds, in which all patients require different doses. Prescribers should be aware of the pharmacokinetic differences between children and adults, when dosing errors are most likely to occur and how to effectively use unlicensed medicines, and should ensure a seamless prescribing transition between the hospital and community settings.
‘Not about a quick fix’
Authors: Cosh Jackie
Published: July 2015

Jackie Cosh finds out how the STEP Academy Trust has shown it has what it takes to dramatically turn around two failing schools in south London.
‘I am writing to ask…’
Authors: Murray John
Published: July 2015

Effective research is about asking all the right questions, so here John Murray provides a letter writing activity for year 3 pupils to test their research skills.
How to give it emphasis!
Authors: Murray John
Published: July 2015

To tie in with this month's punctuation poster, try these activities to re-inforce understanding of how an exclamation mark affects the meaning of a text.
Ready to find your focus
Authors: Adams Margaret
Published: July 2015

Feeling excited about your first year in teaching? Now is the time to start planning how you will manage your new role, in more ways than one, says Margaret Adams.
The ‘Milky Way’ of intermediary organisations: a transnational field of university governance
Authors: Sahlin Kerstin , Wijkström Filip , Dellmuth Lisa , Einarsson Torbjörn , Oberg Achim
Published: July 2015

This article focuses on transnational intermediary organizations in higher education and research. We conceive of intermediaries as organizations that are actively involved in transnational university governance without having formal access to or control over policy or governmental funding. Such intermediary organizations have in previous research been shown to play central roles in the development and circulation of new themes and ideas for how to manage universities and measure university performance. Intermediaries link different types of actors and act as translators of global themes. In this respect, they are decisive in policy formulation.
A Pedagogia Contemplativa no Ensino Superior: Para uma Abordagem Completa ao que o Ser Humano Convoca
Authors: Oliveira Albertina L. , Antunes Bruno Miguel Gouveia
Published: July 2015

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão teórica sobre a abordagem contemplativa no ensino superior. Partindo‑se de tradições filosóficas milenares para a educação e transformação da pessoa, avança‑se para uma reflexão em torno do impacto positivo da emergência da ciência na modernidade e, simultaneamente, do efeito de obscurecimento de vias de conhecimento bastante valorizadas até então, sendo o caso das práticas contemplativas. Chama‑se a atenção para a inquestionável necessidade de abertura a um novo horizonte paradigmático na concetualização do humano, que está a fazer emergir com grande vigor a designada viragem contemplativa, agora com o apoio sólido da própria ciência. Desenvolve‑se a ideia de que a pedagogia contemplativa não pode ser dispensada no ensino superior, ao ter‑se em consideração a essência dos conceitos de educação e de universitas que necessariamente abrangem a formação de pessoas mais esclarecidas e preparadas tecnicamente, mas também seres humanos mais equilibrados, justos, mais conhecedores de si próprios e completos. Propõe‑se, por conseguinte, que as abordagens contemplativas permitirão superar o estado de consciência objetificada dominante, promovendo o conhecimento genuinamente relacional. Apresenta‑se, de seguida, um breve apontamento do movimento da educação contemplativa e sintetizam‑se os principais resultados da sua aplicação no ensino superior.
Glucose-lowering therapies in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Shamkhalova Minara Shamkhalovna , Yarek-Martynova Ivona Renata , Trubitcyna Natalya Petrovna , Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: July 2015

Expansion of diabetic population (predominantly due to type 2 diabetes mellitus) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) comorbidityconstitutes one of the major challenges in modern medicine.Throughout the course of diabetes nephropathy development, from its debut to the terminal stage, survival rate and quality of life arelower than those of other categories of patients. This indicates crucial role of hyperglycemia in accelerated metabolic degradation typicalof CKD.Renal disease severely narrows the spectrum of available glucose-lowering agents. Concurrent treatment for hypertension and dyslipidemia,as well as anti-platelet therapy and stimulation of erythropoiesis becomes a complex issue. A creative and patient-orientedapproach with clear metabolic and cardiovascular goals should be instrumental in its solution.
The strategy of tourism village development in the hinterland Mount Bromo, East Java
Authors: Mujanah Siti , Ratnawati Tri , Andayani Sri
Published: July 2015

This study aims to find an effective strategy in the development of Hinterland Tourism Village in Mount Bromo area. It is a descriptive explanatory research to build a model of grand design for rural tourism development. It took three tourism villages around Bromo Mountain and the data were collected by survey or interviews on both local and interna-tional tourists and by cross checking among the interviews on rural principles for the data validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using SWOT analysis to determine the strategy and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the ranking of objects and tourist attractions/obyek dan daya tarik wisata (ODTW). The results of SWOT analysis was based on the weight and value scores of respondents indicating that the development of rural tourism was scored in the first quadrant for a strategy to optimize the strengths and opportunities. It shows that the AHP Wonokitri village has the highest number, the second is Ngadisari, and third village is Ngadas. The model of strategy of rural tourism can be developed when the program are supported optimally by the com-munity and the government such as the Center Government for Taman Nasional Bromo, Tengger, Semeru (TNBTS), Department of Tourism, Public Works (PU), Cooperation, and Society Empowerment Department, while also support by private sectors, SMEs and local investors and also education institutions.
Relationship model among sport event image, destination image, and tourist satisfaction of Tour de Singkarak in West Sumatera
Authors: Prima Lita Ratni , Ma�ruf Ma�ruf
Published: July 2015

Sport events Tour de Singkarak (TDS) can increase tourist arrivals to West Sumatera. At least at the time of execution, the majority of participants and team supporters (sports tourist) brings the families. Although there are claims about the arrival of tourists, it requires to see the impact of sports events TDS and comprehensive long-term basis to the West Sumatera image as a tourist destination (destination image) and its impact on tourist satisfaction. This study re-conceptualizes the interconnec-tedness among sport event image, tourist destination image, perception and the effect on tourists satisfaction. The investigation on this interconnection is expected to reveal empirically tested model. As an explanatory in nature, this study uses explanatory survey and cross sectional data. In total of 100 spectators of Tour de Singkarak in West Sumatera, they got involved in survey and they were taken by convenience sam-pling technique. Analysis of this data was done by using variance based structural equation modeling. It was found that sport event image and destination image signifi-cantly affect the satisfaction of spectators of Tour de Singkarak.
The effects of audit quality on the value relevance of other comprehensive incomes
Authors: Primavera Levinska , Hidayat Taufik
Published: July 2015

Stockholders claim deals with handling crucial role to investors while another ac-counting measurement has not yet been paid attention by the investors and analysts. Beside, another comprehensive income despite of its equal role to net income also re-quires a deep concern. This research uses financial industry data in Indonesia Capital Market for 2011-2012 under panel method and also cross-section method as the addi-tional analysis. This research assesses the effect of audit quality on value relevance of other comprehensive income regarding subjectivity embedded in other comprehensive income components. These components are determined through fair value aspects, which eventually lead to management discretion in measuring other comprehensive income components. Subjective components of other comprehensive incomes consist of foreign exchange translation (forex), revaluation in fixed assets (rev), minimum pension liability adjustment (pen), and available-for-sale securities adjustment (sec). The audit quality is believed as a mechanism which can increase the value relevance of subjective of other comprehensive income components. On the other hand, when as-sessing the value relevance of other comprehensive income components both indivi-dually and in aggregate, it is encouraged by inconsistency of previous research results.
Lectura de textos impresos en formato digital: primeras aproximaciones de los docentes a la cultura digital en la universidad
Authors: Molina Ríos Juliana Angélica , Salazar-Sierra Adriana
Published: July 2015

El presente artículo derivado de la investigación Formación inicial en lectura y escritura: de la educación media al desempeño académico en la educación superior da cuenta de las prácticas de lectura digital presentes en la universidad. En primer lugar, se señalan las habilidades con las que llegan los estudiantes de la educación media y la relación que ellos mantienen con la lectura, la escritura y el uso de las TIC. En segundo lugar, se muestran las dos prácticas evidentes de lectura digital que prevalecen en los cursos de lectura y escritura de primer año y se indican los logros, pero también las desconexiones entre el uso de las tecnologías por parte de los profesores y de los estudiantes. En último lugar, se presenta el panorama de la lectura digital en los cursos de los núcleos fundamentales de las carreras.
El portafolio: una herramienta facilitadora del cambio en la educación superior desde la práctica didáctica
Authors: Guerrero Cuentas Hilda Rosa
Published: July 2015

El presente artículo, resultado del proyecto de investigación “El portafolio, estrategia pedagógica en la construcción de saberes con docentes de la Especialización en Estudios Pedagógicos de la CUC”, tuvo como propósito generar estrategias pedagógicas que contribuyan al funcionamiento del portafolio del docente universitario de la Especialización de Estudios Pedagógicos de la CUC, en su práctica didáctica, desde una mirada crítica-reflexiva para construir nuevos saberes. Se contemplaron como referentes teóricos centrales a Rafael Porlán y José Martín (1993), quienes han desarrollado diferentes estudios sobre el Portafolio y la Teoría de la Práctica Pedagógica de Bernstein (1993). La metodología fue cualitativa bajo el paradigma investigación-acción. Arrojó como resultado la importancia de aplicar el portafolio en la práctica didáctica como estrategia pedagógica, para transformar la práctica docente que responda a las necesidades de la enseñanza desde la escritura, asumir la educación en un replanteamiento del currículo y la práctica pedagógica.
Maximal regularity in exponentially weighted Lebesgue spaces of
the Stokes operator in unbounded cylinders
Authors: Ri Myong-Hwan , Farwig Reinhard
Published: July 2015

We study resolvent estimates and maximal regularity of the Stokes operator in Lq
-spaces with
exponential weights in the axial directions of unbounded cylinders of ℝ
n
, n ≥ 3.
For a straight cylinder we use exponential weights in the axial direction
and Muckenhoupt weights in the cross-section.
Next, for cylinders with several exits to infinity we prove that the Stokes
operator in Lq
-spaces with exponential weights
generates an exponentially decaying analytic semigroup and has maximal regularity.
The proof for straight cylinders uses an operator-valued Fourier multiplier theorem and
unconditional Schauder decompositions based on the
ℛ-boundedness of the family of solution operators
for a system in the cross-section of the cylinder parametrized by the phase variable
of the one-dimensional partial Fourier transform.
For general cylinders we use cut-off techniques based on the result
for straight cylinders and the case without exponential weight.
Dynamische Echtzeit-Optimierung der Substratzufuhr für anaerobe Co-Vergärungsanlagen
Authors: Gaida Daniel
Published: July 2015

Um Biogas bedarfsgerecht zu produzieren, ist eine optimale Regelung der Substratzufuhr auf
Biogasanlagen notwendig. Für Co-Vergärungsanlagen ergibt sich ein multikriterielles, dynamisches
Optimierungsproblem, welches in Echtzeit gelöst werden muss. In dieser Dissertation wird ein potenzieller
Lösungskandidat entwickelt und in Simulationsstudien evaluiert.
Residues of standard intertwining operators on p-adic classical groups
Authors: Yu Xiaoxiang
Published: July 2015

We study two basic problems involved in the study of the
standard intertwining operators attached to representations
induced from irreducible unitary supercuspidal representations on
maximal parabolic subgroups of p-adic classical groups. We give a formula to
transfer the integrals over the unipotent radical to orbital integrals under the
adjoint action of the Levi subgroup, and conclude that the residue of such standard
intertwining operators at

s
=
0

${s=0}$

is determined by compact orbital integrals.
Informationsfluss in Organisationen. Theorien zum Informationstransfer und historische Praxis
Authors: Barjot Dominique , Schröter Harm G.
Published: July 2015

The transfer of information is a key function of any organization. Whether reflected and designed or not, systems emerge for this transfer. Like the nervous system of the human body, an information system is vital to any organization. How these systems function is of great importance. Well functioning systems are linked to success while a malfunction may lead to decline or even disaster. Though the relevance of information systems was not questioned in principle, they used to play a minor role in the writing of history. This lack of research is one main reason for this introduction; the other is to provide a short overview over the development of theories of information systems.
Brokering Trust: The Construction of Transnational Family Business Networks, 1980-2010
Authors: Puig Nuria
Published: July 2015

Family capitalism became considerably empowered over the three decades prior to the great recession in 2008. This article argues that the construction of transnational family business networks through the coordinated action of individuals and institutions was crucial to the overall legitimization of family capitalism. The rise of a family business institutional infrastructure in the United States and its creative translation into the European context are first described and then analysed in the light of organizational communication theory. Building on the communication as constitutive of organizations view (CCO) and on Casson’s studies on the economics of trust, the article shows that interpersonal and inter-organizational trust and communication played a key role in the institutionalization of family business on both sides of the Atlantic. Consultants and the other drivers of this fascinating process acted primarily as trust brokers, helping to reduce transaction and information costs and bridge the gap between business owners, external professionals, and society. Finally, the story of the family business movement confirms that elites can easily manage cultural differences to engage in transnational networking. However, structural differences between US and European networks suggest that national institutional settings strongly influence communication among interest groups and its organizational outcome.
Communication in Inter-firm Network: Guest Engineers and Knowledge Transfer in the Japanese Automobile Industry after the Second World War
Authors: Kono Hideko
Published: July 2015

This study examines communication in a system of inter-firm networks and the dynamics of knowledge transfer within such networks. The guest engineer system that was widely adopted in the Japanese automotive industry following the Second World War is the focus of this study. Significant positive effects of common knowledge shared by the firms involved, a constructive role of individuals as conveyors of information, and increased productivity and human capital gains are found to result from inter-firm network communication in the context of the Japanese automotive industry.
Zwischen Vergemeinschaftung und Anarchie. Zur Konzeption und Wahrnehmung polisübergreifender Beziehungen in klassischer Zeit
Authors: Osmers Maria
Published: July 2015

Der Artikel fragt zunächst nach Konzepten, die in klassischer Zeit von Außenpolitik existierten. Überlegungen zu diesem Thema sind in den antiken philosophischen Schriften greifbar, wobei Vorstellungen von der Funktionsweise des Oikos und der Polis auf den griechischen Raum übertragen wurden. Ähnliche Kategorien, um polisübergreifende Beziehungen zu beschreiben, griff die politische Rhetorik auf. Bezogen sich antike Autoren jedoch in allgemeinen Abhandlungen auf die Außenpolitik, wurde der Krieg als bestimmendes Element identifiziert. Das theoretische Konzept von Außenpolitik konnte demnach für die Zeitgenossen in der Praxis wenig Wirkung entfalten. Ursachen hierfür waren sowohl die unsteten Verhältnisse des 4. Jahrhunderts als auch die konkrete Konzeption der Außenpolitik, da die Interaktion im griechischen Raum anders funktionierte als in kleineren sozialen Einheiten. Zudem wurden real existierende Mechanismen zur Befriedung von Hellas nur unzureichend in die Konzeption integriert.
Die Gründung Konstantinopels zwischen Sagenkreisen und Zeitzyklen:
Authors: Olbrich Konstantin
Published: July 2015

Um sich zuspitzenden Dekadenzängsten der römischen Gesellschaft zu begegnen, reaktivierte Kaiser Constantin I. in den Jahren vor der Neugründung Byzantions ein zusammenhängendes Programm von Kulten, die sich während der Krise des 2. punischen Krieges bewährt hatten: Erneut sollten die Gottheiten Mens, Saturn und Kybele das Wohlergehen des krisenerschütterten Staates sicherstellen, wobei sich insbesondere Kybele, in den speziellen Ausprägungen der Mater Palatina sowie der Meter Dindymene, zur Schutzherrin des Neuen Rom weiterentwickelte. In Gestalt der Gottesmutter vom Berg Dindymos, ein dem Argonautenmythos entnommener Typos, diente sie speziell als Garantin der Versöhnung von West- und Ostreich nach dem Bürgerkrieg von 324. Gleichzeitig wurde Kybeles Gatte Saturn als Herr eines neuen Goldenen Zeitalters propagiert, das mit der Gründung Konstantinopels begann. Unter dem Einfluß des Ossius von Cordoba knüpfte es mittelbar an die Epoche der spanischen Era an: das Jahr 38 v. Chr. Auf diese Weise wurde das neue Weltalter unter besondere Auspizien der claudischen Dynastie gestellt, der sich Constantin wohl auch deshalb als zugehörig verstand, um als Abkömmling Kybeles deren Schutz auf die neue Stadt erstreckt zu sehen. Schließlich fungierte Kybele durch ihre enge Verbindung mit Hekate und dem Argonautenmythos als Brücke zu den Lokalmythen Byzantions, die auf die weltbeherrschende und versöhnende Zukunft der Stadt Constantins vorauswiesen.
Archäologie, Geschichte und Münzen
Authors: Wolters Reinhard
Published: July 2015

Nur wenige Jahre nach dem Bimillennium der Varuskatastrophe legt Gustav Adolf Lehmann noch einmal einen weit ausgreifenden Überblick zur römischen Germanienpolitik über drei Jahrhunderte vor. Ausgewählte archäologische Funde und Befunde jüngerer Zeit sind nicht nur zentrale Bausteine einer neuen historischen Synthese, sondern konsequent werden die archäologischen Befunde auch für das Verstehen und Beurteilen der schriftlichen Überlieferung nutzbar gemacht. Neben der Würdigung der aufgezeigten Perspektiven und neuen Herangehensweisen wird für einige zentrale und anhaltend strittige Bereiche gezeigt, wie die Vorstellung archäologischer und numismatischer Befunde ihrerseits von historischen, letztlich auf schriftliche Überlieferung zurückgehenden Vorannahmen bestimmt ist.
Carl Friedrich Lehmann-Haupt. Das Leben eines fast vergessenen Althistorikers und Altorientalisten1
Authors: Kellner Angelika
Published: July 2015

Der Aufsatz bietet einen Überblick über das Leben des Althistorikers und Altorientalisten Carl Friedrich Lehmann-Haupt (1861–1938), der aufgrund seiner jüdischen Herkunft im nationalsozialistischen Regime nach seinem Ableben 1938 beinahe in Vergessenheit geraten ist. Neben einer Darstellung seiner internationalen Lehrtätigkeit an den Universitäten in Berlin, Liverpool, Oxford, Greifswald, Istanbul und Innsbruck wird der Versuch unternommen, die Person hinter den Forschungen zu beleuchten. So zeichnete sich Lehmann-Haupt auch durch sein politisches Engagement für das armenische Volk und die deutsche Nation während des Ersten Weltkriegs aus. Neu aufgefundene Briefe geben zudem Auskunft über Lehmann-Haupts fachliche Vernetzung und gewähren einen Einblick in seine wissenschaftliche Betätigung.
Johann Joachim Spalding und der Berliner Gesangbuchstreit (1781)
Authors: van Spankeren Malte
Published: July 2015

In the beginning of the 1780 s the Berliner popular pastor und foremost „Neologe“ Johann Joachim Spalding (1714–1804) was involved into a conflict which was about the implementation of a new hymnbook. Spalding defended this new hymnbook against all critics in his „Predigt von dem, was erbaulich ist“ (1781). The analysis of this conflict can be seen as a contribution to a precise understanding of the controversities in the late enlightenment. Furthermore it shows how Spalding argued against his critics and how he tried to convince his congregation.
To Unite Religion Against All Irreligion. The 1893 World Parliament of Religions
Authors: Molendijk Arie L.
Published: July 2015

The aim of this contribution is to give a comprehensive and readable account of the first World Parliament of Religions held in Chicago in 1893. The Parliament was organised in the context of the Columbian World Exhibition and attracted 150,000 people, according to one of the lenghty reports. Various aspects are addressed: the objectives of the organisers, the character of the various reports of this mega-event, the participation of women (who were among the speakers), the relationship between the Christian organisers and the representatives of the East, the various – opposing – claims about the superiority of specific forms of religion and culture, the tendency to spiritualize religion, and the role of the emerging field of religious studies versus the ‘interfaith’ character of the Parliament. The participants were convinced of the ultimate meaning of ‘religion’ as a force against indulging in consumerism and materialism (which form in this view the core of irreligion).
Un recorrido por categorías y representaciones sobre juventud en las Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Palazzo María Gabriela
Published: July 2015

Este trabajo  propone un recorrido teórico sobre distintas formas de estudiar las juventudes en nuestro tiempo, atendiendo a determinadas  categorías y representaciones desde las que se han abordado tales investigaciones. Estas constituyen hechos discursivos relevantes por su incidencia en la construcción del conocimiento tanto  académico como del saber de sentido común. A partir de una selección de  líneas y autores  que proponen  formas de comprender  la cuestión juvenil desde distintos campos del conocimiento en las Ciencias Sociales, se revisan  nociones como las  de identidad, generación, cultura, subcultura y cibercultura juveniles. Asimismo, el trabajo indaga en la operatividad de categorías  tales como las de tribus urbanas y nativos/inmigrantes digitales en tanto formas de definir  a  los y las jóvenes en la actualidad según sus prácticas, especialmente en el Ciberespacio. Finalmente, se hace referencia a resultados de mi propia investigación desde la perspectiva de los Estudios del Discurso
Cambios en el documental de naturaleza televisivo en España. De Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente a Frank Cuesta (1974-2011)
Authors: Alberich-Pascual Jordi , Aguirre Salmerón María
Published: July 2015

El presente artículo presenta los cambios que se han producido en el discurso de los documentales de naturaleza televisivos producidos en España. Para ello, desarrolla el estudio comparativo de una muestra seleccionada de programas correspondientes a las series El Hombre y la Tierra (TVE, 1974) de Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, y de Frank de la Jungla y La selva en casa (Molinos de Papel, 2010-2011) de Frank Cuesta. El análisis de los resultados permite señalar las transformaciones del género documental desde una paleotelevisión de servicio público, hasta las formas más recientes de neotelevisión privada y comercial.
How to Get Your Message Across. Últimas tendencias creativas y procesos de innovación en campañas de comunicación
Authors: Pérez Serrano María José
Published: July 2015

Reseña:Francisco Cabezuelo Lorenzo y Carlos Fanjul PeyróFórum XXI, Madrid, 2014
Comparison of Single Stage and Multistage Permanent Deformation Test for Recycled Asphalt Pavement as a Flexible Pavement Base Layer Material
Authors: Waldenmaier Anthony J. , Abdelrahman Magdy , Attia Mohamed Ibrahim El-Sharkawi
Published: July 2015

Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) has been shown to be a viable material as an aggregate replacement for flexible pavement base layers. Resilient modulus testing shows the potential of the material to perform comparably to virgin aggregate with moisture content, stress history, fines content, and RAP content shown to be influential testing factors. The resilient modulus test provides a quantifiable comparison between materials based on measureable stiffness, but further research must expand testing to determine deformation characteristics for traffic loadings using permanent deformation testing. This paper presented an analytical summary of testing results of multistage and single stage permanent deformation testing of RAP blended with a typical granular fill material. Multistage repeated triaxial loading was used to assess the development of strain in RAP blends under increasing stress loads. This testing method allowed for the study of strain response and permanent deformation with varied stress applications by simpler and shorter methods than single stage testing and the resilient modulus test. The basis of comparison between material samples and test methods of RAP blends was by (1) the strain, stress, and number of cycles where multistage strain is equivalent to single stage strain, (2) the early deformation during each 5,000-cycle loading stage, and (3) the state of stress and the point of failure. RAP blends were less susceptible to strain, and failed after longer testing and higher stresses than class 5 material. The multistage test method provided a single test to display the short- and long-term strain response at varying stress levels to provide further classification methods for RAP.
Opioid-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency presenting as hypercalcaemia
Authors: Lee Angela S , Twigg Stephen M
Published: July 2015

Adrenal insufficiency is a rare cause of hypercalcaemia and should be considered when more common causes such as primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy are excluded. Opioid therapy as a cause of adrenal insufficiency is a possibly under-recognised endocrinopathy with potentially life-threatening adverse effects. We report on a case of opioid-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency presenting as hypercalcaemia. The patient was a 25-year-old man who developed hypercalcaemia during the recovery stage after a period of critical illness. Systematic investigation of his hypercalcaemia found it to be due to secondary adrenal insufficiency, developing as a consequence of methadone opioid analgesia. Treatment with i.v. saline and subsequent glucocorticoid replacement led to resolution of the hypercalcaemia. The hypoadrenalism resolved when opioids were subsequently weaned and ceased. These two interacting endocrinopathies of opioid-induced adrenal insufficiency and consequent hypercalcaemia highlight the importance of maintaining awareness of the potentially serious adverse clinical outcomes which can occur as a result of opioids, particularly considering that symptoms of hypoadrenalism can overlap with those of concomitant illness. Treatment with hydration and glucocorticoid replacement is effective in promptly resolving the hypercalcaemia due to hypoadrenalism. Hypoadrenalism due to prescribed and recreational opioids may be more common than is currently recognised.

Learning points

Opioid therapy can cause clinically significant secondary adrenal insufficiency, and this may be more common than is currently recognised.

Adrenal insufficiency is reversible after discontinuation of the opioid therapy.

Hypercalcaemia can occur as a consequence of adrenal insufficiency, and may be the presenting feature.

Treatment of hypercalcaemia due to adrenal insufficiency involves i.v. saline and glucocorticoid replacement.
FGF23 gene regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D: opposing effects in adipocytes and osteocytes
Authors: Kaneko Ichiro , Saini Rimpi K , Griffin Kristin P , Whitfield G Kerr , Haussler Mark R , Jurutka Peter W
Published: July 2015

In a closed endocrine loop, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25D) induces the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in bone, with the phosphaturic peptide in turn acting at kidney to feedback repressCYP27B1and induceCYP24A1to limit the levels of 1,25D. In 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes, 1,25D repressesFGF23andleptinexpression and inducesC/EBPβ, but does not affectleptin receptortranscription. Conversely, in UMR-106 osteoblast-like cells,FGF23mRNA concentrations are upregulated by 1,25D, an effect that is blunted by lysophosphatidic acid, a cell-surface acting ligand. Progressive truncation of the mouse FGF23 proximal promoter linked in luciferase reporter constructs reveals a 1,25D-responsive region between −400 and −200 bp. A 0.6 kb fragment of the mouse FGF23 promoter, linked in a reporter construct, responds to 1,25D with a fourfold enhancement of transcription in transfected K562 cells. Mutation of either an ETS1 site at −346 bp, or an adjacent candidate vitamin D receptor (VDR)/Nurr1-element, in the 0.6 kb reporter construct reduces the transcriptional activity elicited by 1,25D to a level that is not significantly different from a minimal promoter. This composite ETS1–VDR/Nurr1cis-element may function as a switch between induction (osteocytes) and repression (adipocytes) of FGF23, depending on the cellular setting of transcription factors. Moreover, experiments demonstrate that a 1 kb mouse FGF23 promoter–reporter construct, transfected into MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells, responds to a high calcium challenge with a statistically significant 1.7- to 2.0-fold enhancement of transcription. Thus, the FGF23 proximal promoter harborsciselements that drive responsiveness to 1,25D and calcium, agents that induce FGF23 to curtail the pathologic consequences of their excess.
Assessment Tests for Digital Skills: A Tool for Learning Outcomes and University Accreditation
Authors: Kaufui Vincent Wong
Published: July 2015

An important question asked by academicians is whether students use Internet languages constructively to further themselves in their chosen field of study while in college, or merely use them for social networking and entertainment.
The iSkills Test is a possible tool for assessment of students’ skills in using digital technology on the Internet. This paper seeks to investigate the test’s usefulness in helping to answer the question stated above and in the process, add positively to the reaffirmation of accredited universities where these students are enrolled.
An original method has been shown to allow instructors/coaches and institutions to assess the effectiveness of their programs through the use of this test, even though the grading scheme has been changed between the initial and final assessment tests (in one term). The grading code of the iCritical Thinking Certification test (now updated as the iSkills test) has been found, at least for the present.
After two years of testing data at the University of Miami, the University has been provided with three major strengths and three major weaknesses of the students. The undergraduate strengths are (1) shopping, (2) following directions, (3) using information ethically. The students’ weaknesses are (1) selecting resources, (2) researching, (3) knowing or understanding what they find. It is apparent that the areas of weaknesses are areas of opportunity for the University to improve their students’ digital skills. Some useful suggestions have been developed to help students improve their critical thinking abilities and thus perform better in the certification test.
The iSkills tests involved organization of information, development of a search strategy, creating a slide, summarize researched information, creating a visual representation and constructing an advanced search. These tasks involved a variety of skill sets and they mimic real world tasks. This test is recommended for the assessment by universities of their students’ improvement in digital skills development while on the Internet, across the disciplines. The tests are used to help convince university accreditation bodies like Southern Association of Colleges and Schools in the U.S.A. International acceptance of the test is recommended since the use of the Internet is global, and digital skills development is an undeniably important asset.
STEM and other Fields of Study
Authors: Kaufui V. Wong  , Thomas Kuhn
Published: July 2015

Since the 2008 stock market crash in the United States of America (USA), with the multinational effects around most of the world, there has been job losses and financial insecurity felt by most working people. The lack luster recovery and the drop of oil prices in the last year (which has stabilized in recent months), have not improved much this sense and need for financial security. Financial security is largely obtained if one helps one’s young adult offspring select a well-paying profession. The paper by the authors in 2007, compared the financial wisdom of selecting STEM jobs as opposed to other fields of study. Their hypothesis that “science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) related fields will have higher monthly income on average than communication, education, arts, and social science fields”, was demonstrated to be true. The monthly income based on specialty field was forecasted using 4 methods. Half of the methods were moving averages and exponential smoothing, and these were stationary series models. The other half was trend-based methods; regression analysis, and double exponential smoothing or Holt’s method. The authors showed that the moving averages forecast a difference in favor of STEM fields of $973.79 per month; exponential smoothing predicted a disparity of $934.18 per month. Further, a $1058.84 disparity in monthly income was foretold with linear regression analysis; a $1060.3 in monthly salary was forecast via Holt’s method. More recent data by Forbes shows that the top paying jobs are No. 1 Drilling Engineer with median pay of $113,900, No. 2 Petroleum Engineer with median pay of $97,300 and No.3 Mining Engineer with median pay $71,300 a year. These STEM jobs do lead to the same conclusion today that jobs outside the STEM fields do not pay as well.
Community Engagement in the Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences: Academic Dispositions, Institutional Dilemmas
Authors: Dorow Sara , Smith-Acu Nicole
Published: July 2015

Engaged scholarship is increasingly concerned with how community engagement might be institutionalized in the contemporary university. At the same time, it must be attentive to diverse academic approaches to knowledge and to the forms of engagement associated with them. Attention to this plurality is especially important in the humanities, arts, and social sciences (HASS). Based on a multi-method study conducted in the Faculty of Arts at a large western Canadian research university, this paper maps the demographic positions (gender, rank, and discipline) and scholarly dispositions (stances adopted toward the production of knowledge and the role of the academic) of HASS faculty and contract instructors onto the range of ways they perceive and practice engagement. Against this backdrop, we present a qualitative case study of two pairs of faculty that fleshes out the complexities and possibilities of divergent dispositions and the forms and experiences of engagement with which they are associated. We assert that understanding differentiated starting points to knowledge production among HASS academics is an important pathway to the fuller recognition and flexible institutionalization of engagement in research universities.Â Â