bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redefining smartness in township with Internet of Things & Artificial Intelligence: Dholera city
Authors: Bang Raghav , Patel Manish , Garg Vasu , Kasa Vishal , Malhotra Jyoti , Sarode Sambhaji
Published: May 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) with Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the virtue to address the key challenges encountered by the excessive Urban population; contributing to water management, waste management, energy crisis, and many such affairs. The urban city has reached the level of water scarcity with no adequate water supply. The lack of interconnectivity within the city also leads to severe consequences, such as delayed responses to emergency situations along with irregular traffic and infrastructure management. “Dholera” the futuristic city attempt to solve these issues. Dholera is the biggest and India’s first upcoming greenfield smart city solution developed under the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project in Gujarat, India. We have analyzed a few domains from this township project, to mention a few - Water Management, Waste Management, City Integrated Operation Centre (CIOC) and City portal. This paper spotlights on the novel ideas enhancing the smart city features and the working. Automating the city resources using futuristic technologies like big data analytics, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) would make the city well-functioning. In Dholera city, various sensors are mounted and interconnected to collect the data, monitor it, and communicate the values for dynamic action(s). Dholera has AI-based urban transportation, smart grids, renewable energy, solar power, waste and water management, along with urban farming, contributing to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy, water and managing traffic issues effectively. Smart cities are well classified as the growth bar contributing to the universal economy. This paper presents various models making the Dholera city a Fast Responsive, Sustainable, Intelligent and well-connected township.
Case Study for Road Safety Audit of Aurangabad City
Authors: Awsarmal Prashant , Hake S. L. , Vaidya Shubham , Bhandari P. K. , Wagh M. P.
Published: May 2020

Efficient road network is a part-n-parcel of rapid industralization, urbanization and development of nation. While designing roads and highways, main emphasis is given on speed which will help to reduce time of journey and save fuel. But safety of drivers and passengers travelling along road is also important. In past, it was observed that while travelling, due to excess speed passengers safety was compromised. It will lead to accidents. It may cause severe injuries and loss of human life. Therefore it is important to check every aspect of vehicles as well as road during its design, construction and throughout the life of the road. Road safety audit is conducted to check performance of new road projects on grounds of offering maximum safety. Also checks are applied to study performance of existing roads to suggest repairs, rehabiliatation and maintenance work in order to improve condition of roads. During audit process, accident prone locations are identified. Past accident record from traffic department, Police department, hospitals etc are referred to understand damage that had occured. Even road geometry is investigated on technical basis. In present investigation, particular stretch of Beed Bypass Road passing through Aurangabad city in Maharashtra state, India was selected. On this road, accident sites where major accidents occurred in past were identified and investigated for different parameters. Based upon study, different causes of accidents and thereafter preventive methods were recommended during research work.
Study on hybrid biorack constructed wetland
Authors: Munavalli Guru , Sonavane Pratap , Wandare Sagar , Biradar Kusum , Aswale Nikhil
Published: May 2020

Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems (DWTS) based on natural mechanisms of purification are appropriate for Indian conditions. Biorack constructed wetland are recent developments in the domestic wastewater treatment. In the present study the concept of biorack wetland is extended to Hybrid Biorack Constructed Wetland (HBCW) in which bioracks are supplemented by brickbat as support medium for wetland vegetation. Three separate HBCW reactors were developed with Typha angustifolia, Canna indica and dual-species (Typha angustifolia and Canna indica). Batch studies were carried out on these reactors for secondary treatment of domestic wastewater. COD removal was determined for feed wastewater strength of 100 to 200 mg COD/L by these developed reactors. The growth of vegetation was also monitored. Typha angustifolia and Canna indica were found to be an appropriate combination as dual-species. The COD removal by dual-species is 5 to 10% greater than mono-species under similar conditions of feed and support medium. HBCW is efficient to an extent of 65 to 75% for COD removal. This is preliminary study conducted on HBCW. Further studies on pilot/field scale will provide better insight to assess its suitability as an alternative biological treatment.
Cost-Effective Housing Technology with Carbon Neutral Blocks
Authors: Sudom Narsing Rao , Ravande Kishore
Published: May 2020

Conventional materials are considered to be major contributors of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions. New cost effective technologies for housing is, therefore, a need of the hour. To make mass housing cost effective in shortest possible time, each of the housing components has to be optimized for cost and production time. Disposal of fly ash is posing a great threat for its disposal problem. There is a dire necessity for alternate materials replacing conventional costly material with cost effective and environmental friendly materials making them energy efficient. This paper presents the technology and advantages of construction of cost effective and energy efficient construction using the developed Carbon Neutral Soil-Cement Fly Ash (SCF) blocks. Construction methods adopted were Arch foundation, Rat-Trap bond using SCF blocks for masonry, precast SCF block Lintel elements and partially precast SCF Slab Panels for flooring/roofing. Overall Cost to the extent of 42% can be saved using this cost effective construction technology over the conventional method. Energy of the buildingcan be drastically brought down from. 36.39 GJ (4.2T of CO2) for conventional construction to 9.51 GJ (1.33T of CO2) for cost effective construction. Energy to the extent of 74% can be saved using this Technology.
Influence of Daphnia magna and Ceratophyllum demersum on the control of algae under different phosphorus concentrations
Authors: Chen Yan , Yang Peiyun , Fan Mingjun , Lin Qingwei , Jin Tongxia , Yu Fei , Li Yingchen , Ma Jianmin
Published: May 2020

In order to evaluate the influence of Daphnia magna and Ceratophyllum demersum on the control of algae under different phosphorus concentrations, Cyclotella sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, and Chlorella vulgaris were selected to establish an aquatic microcosmic model. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 2 mg L−1, D. magna significantly inhibited the three species of algae from different phylum, particularly M. aeruginosa, and the total growth rates of the three species of algae decreased with the increase of phosphorus concentration. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 2 mg L−1, C. demersum imparted a significant inhibition of the three species of algae, particularly M. aeruginosa. The total growth rates of the three species of algae were reduced with higher phosphorus concentrations; however, the effect was lower than that of D. magna, with C. vulgaris as the dominant species. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 2 mg L−1, D. magna combined with C. demersum inhibited the growth of the three species of algae to a considerable degree, which was an improvement over that of other experimental groups using only D. magna or C. demersum by themselves. The total growth rates of algae were reduced with higher phosphorus concentrations. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 mg L−1, the removal rates of phosphorus exceeded 90%, and the phosphorus concentration became the limiting factor in the culture system. We observed that under higher initial phosphorus concentrations, the nitrogen removal rate increased, whereas the phosphorus removal rate decreased.
A new species ofBrachiella(Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Lernaeopodidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with relegation of two generaCharopinopsisandEobrachiellato junior synonyms ofBrachiella
Authors: Ohtsuka Susumu , Piasecki Wojciech , Ismail Norshida , Kamarudin Ahmad Syazni
Published: May 2020

Both sexes ofBrachiella malayensisn. sp. are described on the basis of specimens found in the nostrils of narrow-barred Spanish mackerelScomberomorus commerson(Lacepède) collected off Besut, Malaysia. The female of this species closely resembles those ofB. magnaKabata, 1968 andB. cybiiPillai, Prabha et Balaraman, 1982 but is distinguishable mainly by the body size and the proportions of the cephalosome, posterior processes and caudal rami. While examining the male, we noticed a systematic inconsistency in some lernaeopodid genera. The genusBrachiellaCuvier, 1830, represented by its type-speciesBrachiella thynniCuvier, 1830, and two monotypic generaCharopinopsisYamaguti, 1963 andEobrachiellaHo et Do, 1984, represented byCharopinopsis quaternia(Wilson, 1935) andEobrachiella elegans(Richiardi, 1880), respectively, share distinct synapomorphies in the embracing (vs. pinching) elongate male maxilliped and the female trunk with a pair of long, cylindrical ventroposterior processes (in addition to a pair of modified caudal rami), both of which are involved in their unique reproductive strategy. The latter two genera are herewith relegated to junior synonyms ofBrachiella.
Lösungsmöglichkeiten nach fehlgeschlagenen Osteosynthesen am Fuß
Authors: Marx Christine , Kamin Konrad , Rammelt Stefan
Published: May 2020

Fehlgeschlagene Osteosynthesen am Fuß mit Gelenkstufen, Achsabweichungen, verzögertem knöchernen Durchbau und posttraumatischer Knochennekrose gehen für den betroffenen Patienten mit schmerzhaften Funktionseinschränkungen einher. Bei kritischer Analyse und möglichst frühzeitiger operativer Korrektur können in vielen Fällen die jeweils betroffenen Gelenke erhalten werden. Sind Gelenk erhaltende Korrekturen aufgrund des lokalen Weichteilbefundes, bereits eingetretener Sekundärschäden im Sinne einer posttraumatischen Arthrose, Infekt, schlechter Knochenqualität oder fehlender Patientencompliance nicht möglich, kommt die Korrekturarthrodese als Therapieoption infrage. Diese führt im Erfolgsfalle zu einer Korrektur der Fehlstellung, Stabilisierung und Schmerzlinderung, ist aber abhängig vom betroffenen Gelenk auch immer mit einer relevanten Funktionseinschränkung verbunden.
Lösungsmöglichkeiten bei fehlgeschlagenen Osteosynthesen am Azetabulum
Authors: Lehmann Wolfgang , Spering Christopher
Published: May 2020

Osteosynthesen am Azetabulum sind komplex und erfordern eine sehr sorgfältige Planung und präoperative Vorbereitung. Das Ziel ist eine möglichst anatomische Rekonstruktion ohne Stufen oder Defekt in der Gelenkfläche. Wenn es intraoperativ nicht gelungen ist, eine optimale Rekonstruktion zu erreichen, muss man abwägen, ob es sinnvoll ist, eine Reosteosynthese vorzunehmen. Das Risiko für Infekte, heterotope Ossifikationen, Hüftkopfnekrosen und Knorpelschäden ist ungleich höher als beim primären Eingriff. Häufig kan es gerade bei älteren Patienten dann sinnvoll sein, die Fraktur heilen zu lassen und im Verlauf eine Prothese einzubauen. Bei jüngeren Patienten, sollte versucht werden, ein ideales Ergebnis zu erreichen und nach genauer Planung eine Reosteosynthese durchzuführen. Ein postoperatives CT ist daher nach einer primären Rekonstruktion als Qualitätskontrolle unabdingbar.
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Empfehlungen zu Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Bein Berthold , Bachmann Martin , Huggett Susanne , Wegermann Petra
Published: May 2020

Der Übersichtsartikel ist als praktische Handreichung für alle gedacht, die COVID-19-Patienten behandeln bzw. in nächster Zeit behandeln werden, und fasst das derzeit verfügbare Wissen zu Diagnostik und Therapie zusammen. Zusätzlich werden auch neue und experimentelle Therapien bewertet, soweit dazu zumindest Einzelfallberichte vorliegen.
Digitale Technologien
Authors: Bensch Sandra
Published: May 2020

Digitale Technologien für die Pflege gibt es zuhauf. Trotzdem sind in vielen Kliniken Papierakten noch immer Alltag. Langfristig wird sich die Pflege digitalisieren − mit neuen Aufgaben.
Generation Z: Ist pflegen out?
Authors: Lehwald Andrea
Published: May 2020

Ist der Pflegeberuf gut genug für die High Potentials der jungen Generation? Das Image des Gesundheitswesens, besonders das der Pflegeberufe, verführt derzeit nicht gerade dazu, die besten Schulabgänger für sich gewinnen zu können.
Raised CA19-9 in Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Authors: Sundaram Sridhar , Gupta Deepak Kumar
Published: May 2020

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a known autoimmune disorder of the pancreas, with a clinical presentation similar to that of carcinoma of the pancreas. CA19-9 levels can be the distinguishing feature between the two disorders. In rare instances, CA19-9 may be elevated in AIP. Elevation of levels of more than 1,000 U/mL has been reported in only one case series previously. Here we report a rare instance of CA19-9 more than 1,000 U/mL in a case of AIP and its subsequent management.
Sirenomelia with Potter's facies - a case report
Authors: MK Siva Sree Ranga , Bilodi Arun Kumar S , Swer Rijied Thompson
Published: May 2020

A specimen of Sirenomelia from the department of Anatomy, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry is presented here. This specimen was examined in detail and X-Ray was taken. On examination, the specimen showed i) Fused lower limb like a stump, ii) Undifferentiated genital organs, iii) Widely spaced nipples, iv) Receded chin and webbed neck, v) Low set large ears, vi) Epicanthal fold, vii) Flattened nose, viii) Absence of anal orifice. Fused lower limbs with associated undifferentiated genital organs and absence of anal orifice was found interesting to study and reported here as a case. The presence of Fused lower limb like a stump is suggestive of Sirenomelia and presence of i) Widely spaced nipples ii) Receded chin and webbed neck, iii) Low set large ears, v) Epicanthal fold, vi) Flattened nose is suggestive of Potter's Facies. It is presented here due to rarity of occurrence of such anomaly.
A Review of Predictive Analytics Solutions for Sepsis Patients
Authors: Teng Andrew K. , Wilcox Adam B.
Published: May 2020

Background Early detection and efficient management of sepsis are important for improving health care quality, effectiveness, and costs. Due to its high cost and prevalence, sepsis is a major focus area across institutions and many studies have emerged over the past years with different models or novel machine learning techniques in early detection of sepsis or potential mortality associated with sepsis.

Objective To understand predictive analytics solutions for sepsis patients, either in early detection of onset or mortality.

Methods and Results We performed a systematized narrative review and identified common and unique characteristics between their approaches and results in studies that used predictive analytics solutions for sepsis patients. After reviewing 148 retrieved papers, a total of 31 qualifying papers were analyzed with variances in model, including linear regression (n = 2), logistic regression (n = 5), support vector machines (n = 4), and Markov models (n = 4), as well as population (range: 24–198,833) and feature size (range: 2–285). Many of the studies used local data sets of varying sizes and locations while others used the publicly available Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care data. Additionally, vital signs or laboratory test results were commonly used as features for training and testing purposes; however, a few used more unique features including gene expression data from blood plasma and unstructured text and data from clinician notes.

Conclusion Overall, we found variation in the domain of predictive analytics tools for septic patients, from feature and population size to choice of method or algorithm. There are still limitations in transferability and generalizability of the algorithms or methods used. However, it is evident that implementing predictive analytics tools are beneficial in the early detection of sepsis or death related to sepsis. Since most of these studies were retrospective, the translational value in the real-world setting in different wards should be further investigated.
Superfluid spin transport in magnetically ordered solids (Review article)
Authors: Sonin E. B.
Published: May 2020

The paper reviews the theory of the long-distance spin superfluid transport in solid ferro- and antiferromagnets based on the analysis of the topology, the Landau criterion, and phase slips. Experiments reporting evidence of the existence of spin superfluidity are also overviewed.
Symmetry breaking phenomena in thermovibrationally driven particle accumulation structures
Authors: Lappa Marcello , Burel Thomas
Published: May 2020

Following the recent discovery of new three-dimensional particle attractors driven by joint (fluid) thermovibrational and (particle) inertial effects in closed cavities with various shapes and symmetries [M. Lappa, Phys. Fluids 26(9), 093301 (2014); ibid. 31(7), 073303 (2019)], the present analysis continues this line of inquiry by probing influential factors hitherto not considered; among them, the role of the steady component of thermovibrational convection, i.e., the time-averaged velocity field that is developed by the fluid due to the non-linear nature of the overarching balance equations. It is shown how this apparently innocuous problem opens up a vast parameter space, which includes several variables, comprising (but not limited to) the frequency of vibrations, the so-called “Gershuni number,” the size of particles (Stokes number), and their relative density with respect to the surrounding fluid (density ratio). A variety of new particle structures (2D and 3D) are uncovered and a complete analysis of their morphology is presented. The results reveal an increase in the multiplicity of solutions brought in by the counter-intuitive triadic relationship among particle inertial effects and the instantaneous and time-averaged convective thermovibrational phenomena. Finally, a universal formula is provided that is able to predict correctly the time required for the formation of all the observed structures.
Noise characterization of ultrasensitive anomalous Hall effect sensors based on Co40Fe40B20 thin films with compensated in-plane and perpendicular magnetic anisotropies
Authors: Zhang Yiou , Wang Kang , Xiao Gang
Published: May 2020

We have performed magnetotransport and noise characterization studies of ultrasensitive anomalous Hall effect (AHE) sensors based on the Ta/Co40Fe40B20/MgO multilayer structure. The magnetization is near spin reorientation transition. This greatly reduces the saturation field with improvement of the magnetic sensing performance. We have performed temperature-dependent measurements to investigate the effect of tunable magnetic anisotropy. Both 1/f noise and sensitivity have a strong temperature dependence. Moreover, the scaling relations between 1/f noise and sensitivity change dramatically as temperature changes, showing different noise originations depending on magnetic anisotropies. With a small sensing area of 20×20 μm2, the best magnetic field detectability reaches 76 nT/Hz at 1 Hz and 2 nT/Hz at 10 kHz. AHE sensors with compensated magnetic anisotropies are, thus, suitable for ultrasensitive magnetic field sensing applications.
Formation and IR spectrum of monobridged Si2H4 isolated in solid argon
Authors: Lin Shu-Yu , Chou Sheng-Lung , Lin Meng-Yeh , Huang Wen-Jian , Huang Tzu-Ping , Wu Yu-Jong
Published: May 2020

The infrared (IR) spectrum of monobridged Si2H4 (denoted as mbr-Si2H4) isolated in solid Ar was recorded, and a set of lines (in the major matrix site) observed at 858.3 cm−1, 971.5 cm−1, 999.2 cm−1, 1572.7 cm−1, 2017.7 cm−1, 2150.4 cm−1, and 2158.4 cm−1 were characterized. The species was produced by the electron bombardment of an Ar matrix sample containing a small proportion of SiH4 during matrix deposition. Upon photolysis of the matrix samples using 365 nm and 160 nm light, the content of mbr-Si2H4 increased. The band positions, relative intensity ratios, and D-isotopic shift ratios of the observed IR features are generally in good agreement with those predicted by the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ method. In addition, the photochemistry of the observed products was discussed.
Fire history and its drivers based on peatland charcoal analysis in the Changbai Mountains, north-east China, during the last 13 000 years
Authors: Meng Meng , Jie Dongmei , Li Dehui , Li Nannan , Liu Baojian , Gao Guizai , Wang Jiangyong , Niu Honghao , Liu Ying , Zhang Guihua
Published: May 2020

The Changbai Mountains forest ecosystem is one of the best-preserved temperate mountain forest ecosystems in Asia. Since the establishment of the reserve in 1960, extensive forest fires have been excluded as a result of strict regulation and suppression efforts and thus fuels have accumulated for several decades. Due to the lack of historical fire records in the area, the risk of fire occurrence cannot be properly estimated. In this study, we used charcoal records to reconstruct the palaeo-fire frequency in the Changbai Mountains during the last 13000 years. The results indicate that fires were frequent during 13.0–11.0, 7.0–6.0, and 2.5–2.0 calender (cal) kyr before present (BP) and from 1.0 cal kyr BP to the present. The fire frequencies are largely consistent with other palaeoenvironmental records from the study area and we conclude that since 13.0 cal kyr BP fires were more frequent at the regional scale during intervals of a weak summer monsoon, caused by a cold and dry climate and the abundance of flammable trees. Archaeological data from the study area since 3.0 cal kyr BP indicate increasing human activity, which dominated the occurrence of local fires. In addition, intermittent volcanic activity influenced the occurrence of fires during the past millennium.
Long-read bitter gourd (
Momordica charantia
) genome and the genomic architecture of nonclassic domestication
Authors: Matsumura Hideo , Hsiao Min-Chien , Lin Ya-Ping , Toyoda Atsushi , Taniai Naoki , Tarora Kazuhiko , Urasaki Naoya , Anand Shashi S. , Dhillon Narinder P. S. , Schafleitner Roland , Lee Cheng-Ruei
Published: May 2020

The genetic architecture of quantitative traits is determined by both Mendelian and polygenic factors, yet classic examples of plant domestication focused on selective sweep of newly mutated Mendelian genes. Here we report the chromosome-level genome assembly and the genomic investigation of a nonclassic domestication example, bitter gourd (
Momordica charantia
), an important Asian vegetable and medicinal plant of the family Cucurbitaceae. Population resequencing revealed the divergence between wild and South Asian cultivars about 6,000 y ago, followed by the separation of the Southeast Asian cultivars about 800 y ago, with the latter exhibiting more extreme trait divergence from wild progenitors and stronger signs of selection on fruit traits. Unlike some crops where the largest phenotypic changes and traces of selection happened between wild and cultivar groups, in bitter gourd large differences exist between two regional cultivar groups, likely reflecting the distinct consumer preferences in different countries. Despite breeding efforts toward increasing female flower proportion, a gynoecy locus exhibits complex patterns of balanced polymorphism among haplogroups, with potential signs of selective sweep within haplogroups likely reflecting artificial selection and introgression from cultivars back to wild accessions. Our study highlights the importance to investigate such nonclassic example of domestication showing signs of balancing selection and polygenic trait architecture in addition to classic selective sweep in Mendelian factors.
Loss of function of the
Pad-1
aminotransferase gene, which is involved in auxin homeostasis, induces parthenocarpy in Solanaceae plants
Authors: Matsuo Satoshi , Miyatake Koji , Endo Makoto , Urashimo Soichi , Kawanishi Takaaki , Negoro Satomi , Shimakoshi Satoshi , Fukuoka Hiroyuki
Published: May 2020

Fruit development normally occurs after pollination and fertilization; however, in parthenocarpic plants, the ovary grows into the fruit without pollination and/or fertilization. Parthenocarpy has been recognized as a highly attractive agronomic trait because it could stabilize fruit yield under unfavorable environmental conditions. Although natural parthenocarpic varieties are useful for breeding Solanaceae plants, their use has been limited, and little is known about their molecular and biochemical mechanisms. Here, we report a parthenocarpic eggplant mutant,
pad-1
, which accumulates high levels of auxin in the ovaries. Map-based cloning showed that the wild-type (WT)
Pad-1
gene encoded an aminotransferase with similarity to
Arabidopsis VAS1
gene, which is involved in auxin homeostasis. Recombinant Pad-1 protein catalyzed the conversion of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA) to tryptophan (Trp), which is a reverse reaction of auxin biosynthetic enzymes, tryptophan aminotransferases (TAA1/TARs). The RNA level of
Pad-1
gene increased during ovary development and reached its highest level at anthesis stage in WT. This suggests that the role of
Pad-1
in WT unpollinated ovary is to prevent overaccumulation of IAA resulting in precocious fruit-set. Furthermore, suppression of the orthologous genes of
Pad-1
induced parthenocarpic fruit development in tomato and pepper plants. Our results demonstrated that the use of
pad-1
genes would be powerful tools to improve fruit production of Solanaceae plants.
Getting to the point
Authors: Yotsukura Lindsay
Published: May 2020

This paper compares
indexical expressions utilized in English and
Japanese email discourse from book companies in
the United States and Japan in order to highlight
their referential functions and underscore their
pedagogical importance. These deictics also serve
a marketing purpose by constituting a bond between
company and customer and encouraging further
patronage. English emails adopt a relatively
casual stance, with positive politeness markers
such as bare imperatives functioning to invite
future customer engagement. Pronominal reference
also predominates, whereas in Japanese, recurring
combinations of nominal forms with polite prefixes
and honorific or humble polite predicates enable a
company to express appreciation for a customer’s
patronage, acknowledge benefits received, and
indirectly index a deferent stance consonant with
customer expectations for online vendors.
Playful naming in playful framing
Authors: Takanashi Hiroko
Published: May 2020

Regarding interactional
dialogic engagements as “bonding,” this article
examines the dialogic process whereby
playful neologism emerges as a
product of the intersubjective act of play framing
and playful stancetaking in
Japanese conversations. Special attention is paid
to intertextuality based on
Bakhtinian notion of dialogism, which affords
speech participants to create stances and
utterances that resonate with the
stances and utterances of the prior text, and
transform them into something innovative,
particular, and socioculturally meaningful in the
present text. I will argue that, in addition to
language form and meaning, speaker agency as
instantiated in creativity and cooperation in
naming, is also coordinated and shaped through
conversational play.
Intertextuality in Japanese
advertising
Authors: Wetzel Patricia J.
Published: May 2020

Intertextuality,
particularly word play, is a common feature of
Japanese advertising. This article argues that
intertextuality is a mechanism for accomplishing
the ultimate goal of marketers – to bond with
consumers. Reference to texts that consumers know
creates an insider narrative space; consumers
share this space by virtue of being “in on” the
reference. Intertextual references are accompanied
by additional text and visual signs (colors,
natural phenomena associated with the seasons)
that amplify and diffuse the message. Ultimately,
the marketer’s world merges with the consumer’s
through the medium of advertising.
Laser-induced nonsequential double ionization of helium: classical model calculations
Authors: Sarkadi L
Published: May 2020

We have investigated the double ionization of helium induced by 45 fs, 394 nm linearly polarized laser pulses for intensities (2.5–150) × 1014 W cm−2. The time evolution of the process was determined by applying the classical ensemble approximation (CEA) model. The results of the calculations obtained for the double-to-single ionization ratio, the momentum distribution of the He2+ recoil ion and the correlated two-electron momentum distribution are compared with the recent experimental data of Henrichs et al (2018 Phys. Rev. A 98 043405). The standard CEA model failed to reproduce the basic features of the experiment. A considerable improvement in the description of the experimental data was achieved by including a two-step process in the model: the formation of a transient double excited state in the first step, and the simultaneous release of the two electrons via ‘over the barrier ionization’ in the second step.
Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy without inversion symmetry
Authors: Drescher L , Vrakking M J J , Mikosch J
Published: May 2020

Transient absorption is a very powerful observable in attosecond experiments on atoms, molecules and solids and is frequently used in experiments employing phase-locked few-cycle infrared and XUV laser pulses derived from high harmonic generation. We show numerically and analytically that in non-centrosymmetric systems, such as many polyatomic molecules, which-way interference enabled by the lack of parity conservation leads to new spectral absorption features, which directly reveal the laser electric field. The extension of attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (ATAS) to such targets hence becomes sensitive to global and local inversion symmetry. We anticipate that ATAS will find new applications in non-centrosymmetric systems, in which the carrier-to-envelope phase of the infrared pulse becomes a relevant parameter and in which the orientation of the sample and the electronic symmetry of the molecule can be addressed.
Radiation risks and uncertainties: a scoping review to support communication and informed decision-making
Authors: Hoti Ferdiana , Perko Tanja , Thijssen Peter , Renn Ortwin
Published: May 2020

Although radiation protection is challenged by many uncertainties, there is no systematic study investigating the definitions and types of these uncertainties. To address this gap, in this paper we offer a scoping review to comprehensively analyse, for the first time, peer-reviewed scientific articles (n = 33) related to uncertainties in the following radiation exposure situations: nuclear emergencies, decommissioning of nuclear/radiological installations and long-term radiological exposure situations (e.g. naturally occurring radioactive materials). The results suggest that firstly, there is no agreement regarding definitions of uncertainty, which is mainly defined based on its sources, types or categories rather than by its meaning. Secondly, different actors are faced with different types of uncertainties. Uncertainties of the scientific community are mostly data and methodology-driven (e.g. dose-response relationships), those of the decision-makers are related to the likely consequences of decision options and public reactions, while laypeople’s uncertainties are mainly related to the trustworthiness of experts or the emotional potential of specific risk exposures. Furthermore, the majority of articles focus on the uncertainties of the scientific community, while those of the information receivers (i.e. decision-makers and laypeople) receive much less consideration. Finally, there was no difference in types of uncertainties across the different risk-related study areas analysed (radiation versus other risks). Based on these findings, we provide some preliminary recommendations regarding research on uncertainty related to radiation protection, as well as communication practices.
A quantum active learning algorithm for sampling against adversarial attacks
Authors: Casares P A M , Martin-Delgado M A
Published: May 2020

Adversarial attacks represent a serious menace for learning algorithms and may compromise the security of future autonomous systems. A theorem by Khoury and Hadfield-Menell (KH), provides sufficient conditions to guarantee the robustness of active learning algorithms, but comes with a caveat: it is crucial to know the smallest distance among the classes of the corresponding classification problem. We propose a theoretical framework that allows us to think of active learning as sampling the most promising new points to be classified, so that the minimum distance between classes can be found and the theorem KH used. Additionally, we introduce a quantum active learning algorithm that makes use of such framework and whose complexity is polylogarithmic in the dimension of the space, m, and the size of the initial training data n, provided the use of qRAMs; and polynomial in the precision, achieving an exponential speedup over the equivalent classical algorithm in n and m.
Effects of weak disorder on the thermalization of Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou model
Authors: Sun Lulu , Zhang Zhenjun , Tong Peiqing
Published: May 2020

We study the effects of two kinds of weak disorders on the thermalization of the Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou model by extensive numerical simulations. The disorders are introduced to the mass of atom or coefficient of the quadratic term of potential energy. The initial energy is distributed equally among some lowest frequency modes. We find that the energy transports to high-frequency modes with time t and eventually approaches energy equipartition faster with either weak disorder than that in the homogeneous case. That means weak disorders accelerate the process of thermalization. We further study the effects of two kinds of disorders on the scaling law of equipartition time T
eq. We find that T
eq satisfies the following scaling law: T
eq ∼ (ɛ)−a
(|α|)−b
for different disorder strengths in the thermodynamic limit. It is found that the exponent a ≈ 1.0 while b depends on the strength of disorder, which are different from b = 2a in the homogeneous case.
Non-equilibrium phase separation with reactions: a canonical model and its behaviour
Authors: Li Yuting I , Cates Michael E
Published: May 2020

Materials undergoing both phase separation and chemical reactions (defined here as all processes that change particle type or number) form an important class of non-equilibrium systems. Examples range from suspensions of self-propelled bacteria with birth–death dynamics, to bio-molecular condensates, or ‘membraneless organelles’, within cells. In contrast to their passive counterparts, such systems have conserved and non-conserved dynamics that do not, in general, derive from a shared free energy. This mismatch breaks time-reversal symmetry and leads to new types of dynamical competition that are absent in or near equilibrium. We construct a canonical scalar field theory to describe such systems, with conserved and non-conserved dynamics obeying model B and model A, respectively (in the Hohenberg–Halperin classification), chosen such that the two free energies involved are incompatible. The resulting minimal model is shown to capture the various phenomenologies reported previously for more complicated models with the same physical ingredients, including microphase separation, limit cycles and droplet splitting. We find a low-dimensional subspace of parameters for which time-reversal symmetry is accidentally recovered, and show that here the dynamics of the order parameter field (but not its conserved current) is exactly the same as an equilibrium system in which microphase separation is caused by long-range attractive interactions.
A Procurement Data Standard Tool for State Universities and Colleges
Authors: Relucio Floradel S. , Dela Cruz Josephine S.
Published: May 2020

The study presents the development of a procurement data standard tool to promote transparency for compliance monitoring on the procurement process in all government agencies. Extreme programming was utilized as a methodology during the development of the system. Procurement Data Standard was validated and evaluated using the USE Questionnaire to check the usability of the data standard tool that focuses on three factors namely: usefulness, ease of use and satisfaction and get its equivalent based on the respective percentage, for usefulness is 4.12 (30%); ease of use is 4.25 (40%) and satisfaction is 3.96 (30%). Based on the result the overall weighted mean got a total of 4.11 and was interpreted as Very Satisfactory, it clearly indicates that the developed standard tool is easy to use and useful. This study will aid government agencies to promote transparency and accountability in Procurement Activities of the Government.
Web-based System for State Universities and Colleges Budget Office Management
Authors: Capucao Joni Neil , Palaoag Thelma , Sierra Sean
Published: May 2020

The development of a prototype web-based system for budget offices of State Universities and Colleges is the primary goal of this study. In providing a vivid view of the existing budget offices’ processes, graphic presentations of the budget process cycle, and flowchart of the budget execution process performed. As a result, under the old system, significant flaws in the transactions conducted surfaced. Considering this as a feedback for improvement in the budget process, as depicted in the swimlane and use case diagram, were proposed. The development of the proposed web-based budget management system was done using the model, view, and controller framework. In observing the software development life cycle, the researchers utilized the rapid application development methodology. In the systems’ dry run, the faculty, the staff, and the students gave overall excellent (4.50, 4.62, and 4.67) ratings for functionality, usability, and efficiency. The respondents strongly recommended the adoption of the online system. The evaluation results manifested by Accurateness in Functionality (4.8, excellent), Learnability in Usability (4.8, excellent), and Time Behaviour in Efficiency (4.8, excellent) have all indicated that the system satisfied the requirements. After its full implementation, if some minor flaws may surface, adjustments could just be easily adapted.
Development and Usability Evaluation on Individualized Reading Enhancing Application for Dyslexia (IREAD): A Mobile Assistive Application
Authors: Burac M A P , Dela Cruz J
Published: May 2020

Mobile Applications Development has been the trend for the previous year to revolutionize the teaching and learning process. These technologies were designed to improve the quality of education for all types of learners, more specifically for learners who have learning difficulties like dyslexia. Learners having this learning disorder oftentimes have difficulty in reading and writing. The use of conventional instruction is challenged for this learner. With the advent of technology, specifically mobile assistive application development helps implement more dynamic, effective and efficient teaching strategies, thus provides an opportunity to improve the learning of the students. This study aimed to develop a mobile assistive application name Individualized Reading Enhancing Application for Dyslexia (IREAD) which primarily implements text-to-speech technology to enhance the reading capability of learners with dyslexia. Unity 3D is utilized in the development of the application and web support is present to manage learning resources of the application. Moreover, usability evaluation is performed to determine the overall usability of the application, with the following dimensions effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of support, ease of learning and satisfaction. The 10 participants who were teachers teaching in specialized education answered the usability questionnaire. Results show that the overall usability of the IREAD application is immensely positive.
Mobile Devices and Mobile Apps Use among Indonesian College Students
Authors: Pratama Ahmad R.
Published: May 2020

This article adds more insights into the previous study about the use of mobile apps on smartphones and tablets among Indonesian college students based on a survey of undergraduate students at one private university in Indonesia. Data analysis includes two-sample tests of proportion and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). The findings confirm social media as not only the most frequently used app category, but also with the highest level of engagement. While most students use their mobile device mostly for social media, it is regular and heavy use of educational apps that are more closely tied to spending more than five hours per day on mobile device whereas more frequent mobile gaming is associated to more hours spent on mobile device. Students from IT major were found to be an anomaly among other STEMM disciplines. Not only they are more likely to spend more hours on their mobile device, but also, they tend to be more socially active, at least digitally and not necessarily physically in daily life. The findings in this study give a better understanding of how Indonesian students use their mobile device that was already uncovered in the previous study by answering some of the remaining questions.
Experimental evaluation of the effect of cryogenic treatment of brake discs of the vehicle on the performance characteristics
Authors: Dygalo V , Zhukov I , Diakov A , Chutkov K
Published: May 2020

The article presents the conclusions and prerequisites of the experimental evaluation of friction pairs in the aspect of fading. The most part of kinetic energy of the vehicle with ABS is extinguished at the expense of friction work in the brake mechanism. Thus, the overheating of the brake mechanism, namely its pair of friction is peculiar to vehicles not equipped with ABS (for example, ATV) and leads to the phenomenon of critical fading, accompanied by a sharp decrease in braking torque. The reduction of the influence of this phenomenon is a very difficult task in terms of both taking into account the cost of the braking mechanism and its minimal complication. The authors suggest the use of cryogenic processing of brake disks to reduce the impact of thermal loading on the emergence of fading.
A theoretical study on the high-speed electric tracked vehicle mobility
Authors: Kotiev G , Padalkin B , Miroshnichenko A , Stadukhin A , Kositsyn B
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the problem of the characteristics selection for the electric motors of the drivetrains of the high-speed tracked vehicles with individually driven sprockets. The existing method of the tracked vehicle cornering dynamics analysis is not suitable for the analysis of the motion at the speeds near to the critical speeds in the skidding mode. The authors offer a method for improving the accuracy of the existing analytical dependencies by the use of neural network. The above-mentioned improvements provide estimation of the limit values of the required traction forces on the sides of the vehicle but they do not allow gathering statistical data on the electric motor operating conditions of short and long duration during the vehicle operation. The authors offer to solve this problem by means of a driving simulation complex. The complex provides simulation of the tracked vehicles driving along stochastic routes in real time mode and collection of the stochastic data on the electric motor loads.
The method of increasing the stability of trailer-trucks in case of emergency braking in a turn and emergency failure of the trailer brake system
Authors: Zhileykin M , Skotnikov G
Published: May 2020

One of the most important properties of semi-trailer trucks are stability and steerability. This is because with an increase in driving speeds, these properties largely determine the safety of vehicle operation. Improving the semi-trailer trucks safety is all the more relevant because the consequences of road accidents involving semi-trailer trucks are the most severe and cause enormous damage. One of the most common causes of accidents is the loss of stability during emergency braking in a turn, especially in the event of a failure of trailer braking system. The goal of this research is to develop principles for improving the stability of semi-trailer trucks movement during emergency braking in a turn and failure of trailer braking system. A method has been developed to increase semi-trailer trucks stability during emergency braking in a turn and the failure of trailer braking system, which allows to maintain the trajectory stability of the semi-trailer truck and to avoid accidents with severe consequences. Using simulation methods, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved.
Analysis of ATV transmission operation according to the results of tests on a dynamometer test bench
Authors: Lyashenko M , Potapov P , Dolotov A , Diakov A , Evseev K , Zverev A
Published: May 2020

The article describes the features and methods of testing the ATV on a hub dynamometer test bench. The graphs of the test results are presented, and the graphs analyzes, aimed at researching the operation of its engine-transmission bench, is carried out. The change of the gear ratio at different throttle positions is specific. This specific operation characteristic of the V-belt variator used in ATV transmission as a gearboxes found.
Analysis of the current state of research in the field of improving the smooth ride of vehicles equipped with suspension
Authors: Novikov V , Pozdeev A , Chernyshov K , Ryabov I , Diakov A , Chutkov K
Published: May 2020

In the article the analysis of a modern condition of research in the field of increase of smoothness of a course of various modern motor vehicles, including machines of special and military appointment is resulted. The reasons limiting the decision of a global problem of the further development of automatic telephone exchanges and growth of productivity and safety of work at performance of transport works are formulated. The basic ways of the decision of the given problem, consisting in application of regulation of characteristics of a suspension depending on driving conditions and character of fluctuations of a motor vehicle are analyzed. At the same time, it is proposed to develop fundamentally new innovative structures and algorithms to regulate the characteristics of the suspension, improving the smoothness of the ride and other operational properties of the motor vehicle.
Calculated evaluation of the efficiency of dynamic vibration isolators of the tractor cab suspension system
Authors: Shekhovtsov V , Lyashenk M , Sokolov-Dobrev N , Diakov A , Evseev K
Published: May 2020

The article gives a brief analysis of vibration-protective properties of standard rubber monoblock vibration isolators used in the systems of cabin suspension of domestic tracked tractors. The advantages of dynamic vibration dampers are described. The dynamic model of the tractor with standard and dynamic vibration isolators is described. The article presents the review of the methods of performed design researches and the analysis of their results.