bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Motivation to Lead in Teacher Leadership
Authors: Çetinkaya Aslı , ARASTAMAN Gökhan
Published: July 2023

While there is consensus that teacher leadership plays an important role in school development, it is often unclear what exactly teacher leadership requires. However, there is limited understanding regarding the driving forces that impact the rise and progression of teacher leadership within the Turkish educational framework. The objective of this study is to analyze the perspectives of teachers concerning the significance of motivation in relation to their capacity to assume leadership roles within the teaching profession. Phenomenological design, which is one of the qualitative research methods was used in this study. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers selected with purposive sampling method. The driving forces that affect teachers’ transition from a teaching role to a leadership role in the emergence of teacher leadership were examined on the basis of the "Motivation to Lead Model" of Chan and Drasgow (2001). The research findings partially supported the claims that professional tendencies in the teaching profession might transform into teacher leadership. While the findings of the research partially supported the previous research results on motivation in teacher leadership, they largely explained the importance of motivation to lead in teacher leadership. A number of recommendations have been made to researchers and education policymakers that take individual differences in teacher leadership into account to maximize investment in leadership education and development.
Investigation of Special Education Department Research Assistants' Perceptions of Teaching Practice Course
Authors: Gönüldaş Hamdi , Cüre Göksel , Tutuk Tüncay , Yılmaz Yunus , Uçar Ahmet Serhat
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the perceptions of research assistants in the department of special education about the teaching practicum course in the VII. and VIII. semester. Eight research assistants who conducted teaching practicum courses in the field of special education participated in the phenomenological approach. The data obtained through semi-structured interviews were analyzed through inductive analysis. The findings include the perceptions of the practice kit, the roles of the research assistants in the teaching practicum process, the grading of the students, and the perceptions of the teaching practicum process from the perspective of the students from the practitioner's point of view. On the other hand, the study recommends shortening the lesson plans and making them clear, understandable and usable.
PEMODELAN DAN PREDIKSI HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN FAST MOVING CUSTOMER GOODS MENGGUNAKAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE WITH EXOGENOUS VARIABLES (VARX)
Authors: Simanjuntak Marya Magdalena , Tarno Tarno , Kartikasari Puspita
Published: July 2023

The increase in the population of Indonesia causes consumption to increase. This has made the FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) industry in Indonesia grow rapidly and occupy the second largest proportion of market capitalization thereby attracting investors to invest. One way to choose the best stocks to invest is by modeling. Modeling is carried out on the share price of companies with large capitalization, namely Mayora Indah, Indofood CBP, and Siantar Top. One of the factors that influence a company's stock price is the stock price of a competitor, namely Unilever and Buyung Poetra. Therefore, to predict and determine the relationship between stocks, the VARX (Vector Autoregressive with Exogenous Variables) method is used. The data period in this study starts from January 4, 2021 to January 14, 2022 with the results of the analysis, namely VARX (1) is the model obtained for prediction. The errors from the model meet the white noise and multinormal assumptions. The SMAPE value of the Mayora, Indofood CBP, and Siantar Top variables is below 10% which means the model has very good predictive ability. In addition, the prediction results show that Indofood's share price is more stable than other stocks.
ANALISIS k-MEDOIDS DENGAN VALIDASI INDEKS PADA IPM DAERAH 3T DI INDONESIA
Authors: Doi Maria Dafrosa , Rusgiyono Agus , Wuryandari Triastuti
Published: July 2023

Human development is a development paradigm that places humans as the main target of all development activities, namely controling over resources, improving health and improving education. The Human Development Index (HDI) in Indonesia varies in each district, especially in the 3T areas. The 3T area is an area that is classified as underdeveloped, remote and outermost in terms of economy, health, education and infrastructure. The k-Medoids method is a partitional clustering method for grouping several objects into clusters. This clustering algorithm uses the medoid as the center of the cluster, so it is robust to data containing outliers. This study aims to classify the 3T regions in Indonesia based on the Human Development Index to find out which areas require more attention from the government in optimizing the Human Development Index numbers. The size of object similarity is calculated by using the Euclidean distance and Manhattan distance, for the selection of the best number of clusters, internal cluster validation, such as Calinski – Harabasz index, Gamma Index, and Silhouette index. The result of this study showed that the best cluster were four by using Euclidean distance measurement, having Calinski – Harabasz index  score of 37.15764, Gamma index score of 0.7821181, and Silhouette index score of 0.3354435.
PEMODELAN PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO DI INDONESIA DENGAN PENDEKATAN SEMIPARAMETRIK POLINOMIAL LOKAL DILENGKAPI GUI-R
Authors: Cahyani Muftia Lutfi , Suparti Suparti , Warsito Budi
Published: July 2023

Gross domestic product is a measuring tool for a country's economy that needs to be known so that the country is able to consider decisions taken regarding future economic policies. The local polynomial semiparametric method that combines parametric regression and local polynomial nonparametric can be one way of predicting a country's GDP. This method is used because in GDP modeling there is one independent variable that has a linear relationship while the other variables have a pattern that tends to cluster. The modeling aims to obtain a semiparametric local polynomial model on GDP in Indonesia with the influence of coal export volume as a parametric independent variable and world oil prices as a nonparametric independent variable from the first quarter of 2005 to the second quarter of 2021 which is equipped with a GUI to simplify calculations. Based on experiments on several types of kernels, bandwidth and model degrees, the best model is local polynomial semiparametric model with Gaussian kernel weighting at degree 2 which has the smallest GCV. This model also has an R-Square value of 89.2% where the value of GDP is strongly influenced by world oil prices and coal export volumes together. The forecasting ability of this best model is said to be good because it has a MAPE of 17.127%.
PENENTUAN PORTOFOLIO OPTIMAL DENGAN METODE MULTI INDEX MODEL DAN PENGUKURAN RISIKO DENGAN EXPECTED SHORTFALL (Studi Kasus: Kelompok Saham LQ45 Periode Januari 2017 - Desember 2021)
Authors: Fauziah Wanda Zulfa , Widiharih Tatik , Maruddani Di Asih I
Published: July 2023

Various methods have been applied to determine the optimal portfolio, one of which is Multi Index Model. MIM is a method that uses more than one factors that affects stock price movements, this study uses ICI and exchange rate factors. Risk measurement is very important in financial analysis because almost all of them contain elements of risk. One form of risk measure that’s relatively popular in financial risk analysis is Value at Risk. VaR has a disadvantage because it only measures the percentile of the loss distribution without considering losses that exceed VaR and VaR isn’t coherent (it doesn’t fulfill the property of subadditivity). The risk measure used to overcome the weakness of VaR is Expected Shortfall. The results of the study using MIM method obtained the optimal portfolio consisting of BBRI (45.777%), PTPP (2.952%), and UNTR (51.271%) which provide a profit rate of 0.383%. The calculation results show that with a 95% confidence level, ES and VaR values obtained are 26.639% and 11.210%, respectively. ES value will be more precise in the context of a portfolio so that the maximum loss that will be received by the optimal portfolio investor that has been formed one month ahead is 26.639%.
K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR DENGAN ADAPTIVE BOOSTING DAN SYNTHETIC MINORITY OVERSAMPLING TECHNIQUE UNTUK KLASIFIKASI DATA TIDAK SEIMBANG
Authors: Yuliani Ria Sulistyo , Rusgiyono Agus , Santoso Rukun
Published: July 2023

Breast cancer is non-skin cancer that is caused by several factors, including glandular ducts, cells, and breast support tissue, except for the skin of the breast. Breast cancer if not treated immediately will be fatal for the sufferer, so early detection of breast cancer is important for the patient's safety. The success of breast cancer detection depends on the right diagnosis. Measurement of the accuracy of a breast cancer diagnosis can be assisted by statistical methods, namely classification. K-Nearest Neighbor is a classification algorithm based on the nearest neighbor that is easy to implement. In the classification process, there are several problems including when faced with imbalanced data. Imbalanced data can cause classification algorithms to tend to focus on the majority class. Data imbalance can be overcome by using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Ensemble methods can be applied to improve the performance of imbalanced data classification, one of which is Adaptive Boosting. This study applies K-Nearest Neighbor combined with Adaptive Boosting and SMOTE for handling imbalanced data classification. The results of this study are, SMOTE can handle the problem of imbalanced data and the application of K-Nearest Neighbor with Adaptive Boosting can produce an accuracy of 80%, a sensitivity of 83,33%, a specificity of 66,67%, and a G-Mean value of 74,54%. So it can be concluded that K-Nearest Neighbor combined with Adaptive Boosting and SMOTE can be applied for handling imbalanced data classification.
An Importance Satisfaction Analysis of Hosting Events in Hangzhou, China: A Pilot Study
Authors: Marzuki Sharifah Zannierah , Zreik Mohamad , Buyong Siti Zahrah , Goyipnazarov Sanjar , Mirzaliev Sanjar , Bakhramovna Irmatova Aziza
Published: July 2023

This paper measures the attributes experienced by the participants that took part in The United  Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) meeting that was held in Hangzhou, China with respect to importance and satisfaction ratings. As this is a pilot study, twenty-nine respondents were asked to rate the satisfaction and performance of the tangible and intangible attributes based on several selection factors using the Likert scale instrument. For the importance attribute ratings, the four-point scale was used (very important, important, somewhat important and not important)  and five-point scale was selected for satisfaction (very bad, mediocre, good, very good and excellent). An Importance Satisfaction Analysis (ISA) grid was constructed based on the mean of each factor and the overall mean of the perceived importance and satisfaction. As a matter of fact, there is no study that exists in getting the responses on ISA in the city of Hangzhou before and with that, again, no comparisons can be drawn. The IPA grids showed that six factors fell in quadrant one (keep up the good work) and two factors in quadrant two (possible overkill). Another six factors were in quadrant three (low priority) and three factors were situated in quadrant four (concentrate here). The finding is significant to show that continuous improvement to achieve the reliability of service delivery should be initiated and started immediately. Related authorities should focus on the key attributes presented on the ISA grid to ensure Hangzhou can fulfill the visitors’ hope and expectations for a return visit.
The Role of Servant Leadership in Enhancing Individual Innovativeness
Authors: Munir Rosintansafinas , Noridan Wafaa Syuhada , Hairuddin Hanitahaiza
Published: July 2023

It is undeniable that organizations today need to be more innovative in order to be sustained due to the increasingly competitive environment.  Further, creative and innovative employees are crucial in supporting the organization to be more competitive. Unfortunately, the level of individual innovativeness in Malaysia remains at a moderate level.  Thus, it is believed that the role of servant leadership is imperative to enhance the innovativeness among the staff in the organisations.  This study aims to examine the influence of servant leadership’s characteristics, i.e. altruistic calling, emotional healing, and organizational stewardship in fostering individual innovativeness.   A total of 177 administrative staff from private educational institutions in Selangor participated in the survey.  The Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) (PLS-SEM) was applied in assessing the path modeling.  The results indicated that altruistic calling, emotional healing, and organizational stewardship positively and significantly influenced the individual innovativeness. A well-practiced servant leadership in the organisation will lead the employees to be more creative and innovative.  In addition, individual innovativeness can increase the innovative performance level of the organization.  This study will serve as a guideline for the management to design new strategies in engaging leaders and employees to strive for innovation as well as to stimulate individual innovativeness.
The Nexus Between COVID-19 and Digital Gig Economy in Malaysia: An Empirical Investigation Using Vector Autoregression (VAR) Model
Authors: Abdul Malek Nazurah , Jamaludin Salwaty , Mokhtar Marziah , Abdul Hamid Kamarul Hidayah
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to investigate potential causal relationships between the digital gig economy, COVID-19, and unemployment in Malaysia. The initial part of the study consisted of determining whether the variables were stationary. The ADF findings indicated that all variables are stationary at the level and first difference. Because series are integrated with different orders, this study employs the Vector Autoregression (VAR) model to investigate the impact of the pandemic and unemployment on the digital gig economy. A variance decomposition or forecast error variance decomposition (FEVD) is employed as additional evidence presenting more detailed information regarding the variance relations between the selected variables. The evidence points to the fact that COVID-19 has a significant negative short-run impact on the digital gig economy. The Granger causality test shows a unidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and the gig economy. Variance decomposition results found that the digital gig economy is explained by itself in the short run, so other variables in the model do not strongly influence the variable. However, COVID-19 cases, death, and unemployment can strongly predict the gig economy. The results suggest that COVID-19 instances impact online occupations since a health crisis may harm the main factor of production, which is labour, thus directly impacting labour productivity, even when the task may be completed from home. Besides that, the study suggests that that Malaysian adaptability, which refers to a worker’s capacity to successfully manage psychosocial functions in response to new, changing, and unexpected events, settings, and situations, may be delayed.
An Empirical Study of Graduates’ Attributes, Graduates’ Skills, Job Mismatch, and Unrealistic Salaries as Unemployment Factors Among Malaysian Graduates
Authors: Jeffri Nur Fatin Izzati , Abdul Rahim Ramita
Published: July 2023

Malaysian graduates today face challenges and struggles in the employment market. For the past few years, the unemployment problem has gotten worse. The rising unemployment rate is a serious issue since it could harm Malaysia's educational system's reputation and, as a result, cause some employers to lack confidence in the capabilities of our local graduates. Malaysian universities produce a large number of graduates, but an amazingly small percentage of those graduates find gainful employment. This problem develops when graduates seek to succeed in their academic achievements rather than practicing and cultivating traits within themselves. Employers today prefer graduates with working experience. Graduates who are selective about getting a job with a high salary do not fit the requirements for employment. So, it is crucial to address the issue's underlying cause immediately. This study is to determine the relationship between graduates’ attributes, graduates’ skills, job mismatch,  unrealistic salaries, and unemployment among Malaysian graduates. This study used a self-administered questionnaire that was distributed among alumni of a public university. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample size was determined by G*Power analysis. Data was analyzed by multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 26.0 as a tool to examine the relationship for each variable. The findings of this study reveal that there is a positive relationship between the four factors that contribute to unemployment among Malaysians, and the most important factor contributing to unemployment is graduates’ attributes. The findings have suggested significant factors to improve for graduates, parents, a body of government, education institutions, as well as the industry sector.
The Role of Job Crafting in mediating the effect of servant leadership and employee engagement: An Empirical Study of the Service Sector in Malaysia
Authors: Chuah Soo-Cheng , Abdul Rahim Abdul Rahman , Cheam Chai Li , Zulkefle Nur Maisarah
Published: July 2023

In Malaysia, there has been relatively little empirical study on servant leadership, particularly in relation to job engagement and job crafting. Research has found that leadership has a significant impact on employee engagement, which in turn influences organizational performance. In order to better understand how servant leadership affects employee engagement, this study looks at how job crafting, as mediating factor, influences the former two variables in the Malaysian service industry. An online survey was used in this study to purposively sample 154 employees of the service industry in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Servant Leadership Measures (SL-7), Work Crafting Questionnaire (JCQ), and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) are the respective instruments utilized in this study to assess servant leadership, job crafting, and employee engagement. The data was analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method, and the findings demonstrated that servant leadership and job crafting significantly increase employee engagement in the service industry. A partial mediation analysis of the link between servant leadership and employee engagement showed that job crafting mediates this association positively. The results indicate that servant leadership is a successful leadership style that raises employee job engagement and nurtures their enthusiasm for work through job crafting. The study's findings are significant in that they give practitioners and organizations insight into the need for the servant leadership idea in various circumstances. This is due to its capacity to promote organizational and employee growth. In addition to fostering great team dynamics, servant leadership has the power to completely reshape cultures and organization.
Customers’ Intention to Use Digitalized Islamic Crowdfunding: The Case Of Bimb Sadaqa House
Authors: Karim Norzitah Abdul , Aziry Nur Adibah Ab , Ridzuan Nurul Izzaty Mohamad , Jaafar Mohamad Nizam , Muhamat Amirul Afif
Published: July 2023

This study aims to investigate the factors that influence BIMB customers' intention to utilise Sadaqa House, a digitalized Islamic crowdfunding platform. This study utilised the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a conceptual framework with four (4) independent variables, namely attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and religiosity, and one dependent variable, namely intention to use digitalized Islamic crowdfunding. BIMB clients in Selangor were sent an online questionnaire, Google Form, via several social media platforms. There was a total of 250 respondents collected. The findings revealed that subjective norm was the most influential factor in predicting consumer intention to use Sadaqa House BIMB. This was followed by an attitude indicating that supportive ideas from others, such as families, relatives, peers, and acquaintances, can influence the respondent's choice to utilise Sadaqa House. However, perceived behavioural control and religiosity have little impact on the intention to use Sadaqa House BIMB. The results suggested that BIMB should permit all non-profit organizations, private and public sectors, and communities to contribute to this digitalized Islamic crowdfunding initiative organised by Sadaqa House BIMB. Additionally, the study suggests that more campaigns be conducted to create and promote awareness. With increased awareness, not only the individual but also the individual's circle will be influenced to utilise this digitalized Islamic crowdfunding. This study differs from previous research in that it provides a new perspective by employing TPB and introducing a new variable, religiosity.
Bottlenecks Detection for Improvement of The Emergency Department Process Flow in A Healthcare Facility
Authors: Farhaniz Nur , Azlina Nor , Reza Shahrul , Rohaya Siti , Anis Azilah
Published: July 2023

The emergency room of a healthcare facility is one of the most complicated and challenging service production processes.  People often talk about overcrowding, long waiting times for treatment, lower quality and safety of care, as well as ineffective use of resources.  It was discovered that delays between diagnosis and treatment are patients' biggest complaints.  Nevertheless, limited studies were found to investigate the causes of delays in the emergency department of a healthcare facility.  This study thus aims to investigate how procedures are carried out in the emergency department of a healthcare facility in Klang Valley, particularly to identify the root causes of long waiting times between diagnosis and treatment, as well as to provide some solutions to address the causes.  The qualitative method is applied in the present study. Observation and semi-structured interviews with five important internal resource persons/respondents were used to gather the data.  The results show that bottlenecks in the Triage Stage, caused by 1) incorrectly classifying a patient's need, 2) lengthy consultation by a Medical Officer, and 3) a longer time to get the review result of a patient's admission, cause delays in the emergency department of the Healthcare Facility.  The findings discovered that the Healthcare Facility should improve staff-patient communication, establish a more effective Queue Management System (QMS), and reassign duties to improve emergency department process efficiency as well as increase patient satisfaction. The findings from this study, specifically focusing on the comprehensive root-cause analysis, offer the healthcare facility a significant opportunity to drive transformative improvements in patient care and operational efficiency.  By leveraging the insights gained through the study, the management can implement the proposed solutions to reduce delays and proactively address emergency department bottlenecks.
Modelling Fuzzy Analytical Network Process for Sustainability Criteria of Malaysia Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Shafi Roslina Mohamad , Tarmudi Zamali , Ismail Norashikin , Zain Sharifah Raihan Syed Mohd
Published: July 2023

Sustainable development (SD) plays greater roles in the advancement of Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Yet, criteria for sustainable criteria must be re-defined, specifically in the context of Malaysian HEI. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to identify the sustainability criteria for HEI in Malaysia using Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (F-ANP). Methods used in this study is equipped with Chang’s extent analysis to calculate the local weights for both criteria and sub-criteria based on pairwise comparison evaluations, while the global weights were derived by multiplication operations with the inner dependence weights. Three criteria and nine sub-criteria were identified and analyses thoroughly using six steps of F-ANP for Malaysia HEI sustainability assessment. Based on the numerical results, the sub-criteria “research” scored the highest weights as compared to other sub-criteria, indicating that “research” as the most important contributor to sustain the Malaysia HEI. Meanwhile the total weights score of the overall sub-criteria is 71.60%, which indicates “moderately sustainable” of the entire sustainability range. Overall, the findings suggest that the entire sub-criteria investigated using the extension of AHP are vital in influencing the sustainability of HEI in Malaysia. The study implies that “research” should be given more focus, which in turn leads to greater institutional visibility and reputation.
Work Motivational Factors Affecting Job Performance among government Servant
Authors: Noor Noor Farhana , Ali Syukrina Alini Mat , Yunus Noor’ain , Jailani Sri Fatiany Abdul Kader
Published: July 2023

Given the increasing job performance among employees, the purpose of this study is to investigate the motivating factor that leads to job performance among employees in the public sector at Putrajaya. The questionnaire was distributed to 200 employees at the headquarters of Jabatan Kehakiman Syariah Malaysia (JKSM) using convenience sampling. Analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistic 26 to investigate the relationship between motivation variables that can influence employee job performance. The results revealed that workplace design and job performance have a significant correlation while the reward element does not show a significant relationship with job performance. As a result, Malaysian public institutions in Malaysia can use the data acquired and the conclusion drawn to improve work performance among their employees. In addition, this study can enrich the existing literature and provide additional information for future research. Aside from that, this research can directly assist an organization in designing a better plan for establishing a better program or activities for their employees.
Youth Digital Technology Attitudes
Authors: Maon Siti Noorsuriani , Ali Syukrina Alini Mat , Azizam Nor Azmaniza , Omar Emi Normalina
Published: July 2023

Today's digital technologies have become essential tools in daily living. The young generation nowadays is very savvy in using digital technologies. It is essential to instill digital citizenship skills in preparing those who are also technology users for a digital society today. However, not all of them have undergone formal training to survive in a challenging environment in a digital world. Thus, this study aims to examine students' attitudes and digital behaviour, particularly in rural schools, including how youth self-evaluate their perceptions of digital technologies, digital competencies, and attitudes towards digital technologies. Data were collected using survey questionnaires, with 210 valid responses. The study results revealed a statistically significant association between attitude toward digital use and digital competence dimensions, including technological, communication, and cognitive. Accessibility dimension in cyber-ethics was also statistically significantly associated with attitudes toward digital use among male students. To summarize, specific concerns and emphasis on youth digital technology usage and education must ensure that they are not left behind and vulnerable to cybercrime while fostering a responsible e-society with excellent digital citizenship characteristics.
Impact of Information Technology Towards Organizational Performance
Authors: Omar Ariff Othman , Jailani Sri Fatiany Abdul Kader , Ali Syukrina Alini Mat , Yunus Noor’ain Mohamad
Published: July 2023

Since the beginning of the 21st century, numerous organizations have extensively implemented information technology into their operations. With regard to this, it captures the interest of researchers, practitioners, academicians, and policymakers to comprehend the role of organization dynamic capability in information technology and the role of digital leadership in enhancing organizational performance and enabling the information technology process. There was limited study on the impact of technology on the performance of government agencies. Therefore, this research focuses on government agencies in Malaysia. This study was conducted to seek the true role of information technology in organizational performance and the impact of information technology on organizational performance. Through an analysis of the 131 randomly selected workers, this paper investigates the impact of information technology on organizational performance. This study examines the effects of IT Operation, IT Knowledge, and IT Competence on the performance of an organization. In this research, SPSS was used for normality and reliability analysis, as well as descriptive organization multiple regression analysis. The result revealed that only IT Competence has a positive impact on organizational performance.  The finding also revealed that the impact of information technology on the performance of an organization is minimal and contributes a minor impact.
The Application of Project-Based Teaching Based on Chinese Characteristics in High School Chemistry
Authors: Wang Pengyun , Xu Suyi , Xu Ying , Tang Yanyan
Published: July 2023

China's basic education has undergone several reforms, and the new round of curriculum reform has vigorously promoted the policy of "core literacy" and cultivating high-quality talents in all aspects. Project-based teaching is a teaching mode that takes students as the main body and lets students practice in real problem situations. It plays a very important role in promoting students' problem-solving ability, developing innovative consciousness and implementing "subject core literacy". Based on Chinese characteristics, this paper takes "handmade ancient soap making" as the project theme, disassembles the task, design the teaching process, and briefly describes the application of Chinese project-based teaching in high school chemistry practice teaching
Chlorate-induced molecular floral transition revealed by transcriptomes
Authors: Li Songgang , Chen Houbin , Hong Jiwang , Ye Xiuxu , Wang Jiabao , Chen Yeyuan , Zhang Lei , Su Zuanxian , Yang Ziqin
Published: July 2023

Flowering in off-season longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) can be induced effectively by the application of potassium chlorate (KClO3), but the mechanism of the physiological induction is largely unknown to decipher its mechanism and identify genes potentially regulating the process, and comparative analysis via RNA-Seq was performed between vegetative and KClO3-induced floral buds. A total of 18,649 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between control and treated samples. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that DEGs related to plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were enriched in our data. A total of 29 flowering-related DEGs were identified in our study, such as APETALA1 (AP1), APETALA2 (AP2), AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 3/ETTIN (ARF3), SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 8 (SPL8), AGAMOUS (AG), and others. The upregulation of AP2 and SPL genes indicates that the age-related pathway is activated and influences the floral induction in KClO3-induced longan floral buds by coordinated regulation of genes related to AP1, AG, and ARF3. This study provides a valuable resource for studying molecular mechanisms underlying chlorate-induced floral transition in off-season longan, which may benefit the development and production of off-season tropical/subtropical fruit trees.
TAK-242, a toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, against brain injury by alleviates autophagy and inflammation in rats
Authors: Feng Yan , Ju Yaru , Wu Qiang , Sun Guozhu , Yan Zhongjie
Published: July 2023

Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammatory pathways exerts a critical effect on neuronal death; therefore, it is a possible new therapeutic approach for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Resatorvid (TAK-242) is a novel small-molecule compound widely used to inhibit TLR4-mediated pathways, but the protective mechanism of TAK-242 in TBI remains unclear. Herein, we analyzed the neuroprotective effects of TAK-242 in rats after TBI. The rat model of brain injury was established using a modified Free-fall device, and the rats were injected with TAK-242 (0.5 mg/kg) through the caudal vein before TBI. The rats were allocated into four groups: a sham group, a TBI group, a TBI + vehicle group, and a TBI + TAK-242 group. The brain tissue was extracted for histology and determination of the expression of autophagy-related proteins and inflammatory mediators. TAK-242 pretreatment significantly reduced the damage to hippocampal neurons. Neuronal autophagy increased after brain injury, whereas TAK-242 significantly reduced autophagy marker protein LC3-II in the hippocampus. In addition, TAK-242 pretreatment significantly downregulated NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the hippocampus. In conclusion, TAK-242 significantly reduced hippocampal neuronal damage by inhibiting autophagy and neuroinflammatory activity, possibly via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Feature fusion-based text information mining method for natural scenes
Authors: Peng Fengying , Wang Runmin , Hu Yiyun , Yang Guangyi , Zhou Ying
Published: July 2023

As a crucial medium of information dissemination, text holds a pivotal role in a multitude of applications. However, text detection in complex and unstructured environments presents significant challenges, such as the presence of cluttered backgrounds, variations in appearance, and uneven lighting conditions. To address this issue, this study proposes a text detection framework that leverages multistage edge detection and contextual information. This framework deviates from traditional approaches by incorporating four primary processing steps, including text visual saliency region detection to accentuate the text regions and diminish background interference, multistage edge detection to enhance the conventional stroke width transform results, a texture-based and connected components-based integration to accurately distinguish text from the background, and a context fusion step to recover missing text regions and improve the recall of text detection. The proposed method was evaluated on two widely used benchmark datasets, i.e., the international conference on document analysis and recognition (ICDAR) 2005 dataset and the ICDAR 2011 dataset, and the results indicate the advancedness of the method.
Study on by-products synthesis of powder coating polyester resin catalyzed by organotin
Authors: Yang YuCheng , Di Chao , Wang TingWei
Published: July 2023

In the production of powder-coating polyester, a strong odor emanates from the water, prompting us to investigate its composition and origin. We studied the process of powder coating epoxy/polyester 50/50, which employs butyl tin tris (2-ethyl hexanoate) as a catalyst. The esterified water was extracted using ethyl acetate. It was analyzed via GC–MS to identify the side reactions and by-products that arise during the tin-catalyzed esterification process. Then we discussed their formation mechanism. Our results indicate that butyl tin tris (2-ethyl hexanoate) triggers side reactions such as cyclization and transesterification, leading to the production of by-products such as heterocyclic compounds (1,4-dioxane), anhydride compounds (propionic anhydride), and others. Notably, the unpleasant odor was found to be derived from propionic anhydride. These findings provide insights into the chemistry of tin-catalyzed esterification and highlight the importance of addressing the formation of unwanted by-products in the production of powder-coating polyester.
Heterogeneous interventional effects with multiple mediators: Semiparametric and nonparametric approaches
Authors: Rubinstein Max , Branson Zach , Kennedy Edward H.
Published: July 2023

We propose semiparametric and nonparametric methods to estimate conditional interventional indirect effects in the setting of two discrete mediators whose causal ordering is unknown. Average interventional indirect effects have been shown to decompose an average treatment effect into a direct effect and interventional indirect effects that quantify effects of hypothetical interventions on mediator distributions. Yet these effects may be heterogeneous across the covariate distribution. We consider the problem of estimating these effects at particular points. We propose an influence function-based estimator of the projection of the conditional effects onto a working model, and show under some conditions that we can achieve root-n consistent and asymptotically normal estimates. Second, we propose a fully nonparametric approach to estimation and show the conditions where this approach can achieve oracle rates of convergence. Finally, we propose a sensitivity analysis that identifies bounds on both the average and conditional effects in the presence of mediator-outcome confounding. We show that the same methods easily extend to allow estimation of these bounds. We conclude by examining heterogeneous effects with respect to the effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on depression during February 2021.
Interpolation inequalities in generalized Orlicz-Sobolev spaces and applications
Authors: Wu Ruimin , Wang Songbai
Published: July 2023

Let

m
∈
N

m\in {\mathbb{N}}

and be a generalized Orlicz function. We obtained some interpolation inequalities for derivatives in generalized Orlicz-Sobolev spaces

W

m
,
φ

(

R

n

)

{W}^{m,\varphi }\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{n})

. As applications, we established a compact Sobolev embedding on domain and a Landau-Kolmogorov-type inequality in generalized Orlicz spaces. And we introduced the Sobolev

φ

\varphi

-capacity and studied some of its properties.
Isomorphic shut form valuation for quantum field theory and biological population models
Authors: Shehata Maha S. M. , Ahmad Hijaz , Zahran Emad H. M. , Askar Sameh , Ozsahin Dilber Uzun
Published: July 2023

The fundamental objective of this work is focused to achieve a class of advanced and impressive exact estimations to the Zoomeron equation and the time-fraction biological population model through contrivance by a couple of important and magnificent techniques, namely, the modified extended tanh-function method which depend on the balance theory and the Ricatti–Bernoulli sub-ODE method which is independent of the balancing principle. The suggested model is one of the major concerns for studying population distribution dynamics as well as the quantum field theory which is an important discipline for the description of interactions between light and electrons. The two suggested reliable, effective techniques are considered famous among ths ansatz methods that have various visions to realize the exact solutions to the non linear partial differential equation that reduce the volume of calculations examined before and usually give good results. It is solicited for this contrivance finding new exact solutions for two models in terms of some variable. The models are significant in quantum field theory, description of interactions between light and electron, quantum electrodynamics, demographic model, important to bring it into line with the reasonable distribution of wealth, resources, income, etc. The achieved results predict many types of solutions as trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, perfect periodic soliton solutions, singular periodic soliton solutions, and other rational solitons solutions. The efficiency of the techniques is demonstrated by the satisfactory results obtained through the derivation of closed-form soliton solutions from the exact solution by assigning definite values to the variables present in it.
Artificial neural network-based prediction assessment of wire electric discharge machining parameters for smart manufacturing
Authors: Manoj Itagi Vijayakumar , Narendranath SannaYellappa , Mashinini Peter Madindwa , Soni Hargovind , Rab Shanay , Ahmad Shadab , Hayat Ahatsham
Published: July 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, cybersecurity, the Industrial Internet of Things, and blockchain are some of the technologies and solutions that are combined to produce “smart manufacturing,” which is used to optimize manufacturing processes by creating and/or accepting data. In manufacturing, spark erosion technique such as wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) is a process that machines different hard-to-cut alloys. It is regarded as the solution for cutting intricate parts and materials that are resistant to conventional machining techniques or are required by design. In the present study, holes of different radii, i.e. 1, 3, and 5 mm, have been cut on Nickelvac-HX. Tapering in WEDM is a delicate process to avoid disadvantages such as wire break, wire bend, wire friction, guide wear, and insufficient flushing. Taper angles viz. 0°, 15°, and 30° were obtained from a unique fixture to get holes at different angles. The study also shows the influence of taper angles on the part geometry and area of the holes. Next, the artificial neural network (ANN) technique is implemented for the parametric result prediction. The findings were in good agreement with the experimental data, supporting the viability of the ANN approach for the evaluation of the manufacturing process. The findings in this research provide as a reference to the potential of AI-based assessment in smart manufacturing processes and as a design tool in many manufacturing-related fields.
An algebraic approach to translating Japanese
Authors: Boboc Valentin
Published: July 2023

We use Lambek’s pregroups and the framework of compositional distributional models of language (“DisCoCat”) to study translations from Japanese to English as pairs of functors. Adding decorations to pregroups, we show how to handle word order changes between languages.
Enhancing root torque correction in a clear aligners treatment
Authors: Bacci Henrique
Published: July 2023

The correction of root torque is a crucial aspect of orthodontic treatments. With the growing popularity of clear aligners, there is a need to establish their effectiveness in controlling root torque. This study presents a case of retreatment in which root positioning correction was required for multiple teeth. The outcomes demonstrated that two sets of aligners, along with additional refinement, were necessary to achieve a favorable clinical outcome in terms of aesthetics and periodontal health. While the results were positive, it is recommended that further studies like this one be conducted to gather more evidence regarding the use of aligners for orthodontic root torque correction. Furthermore, pre-, and post-treatment tomographic examinations could provide more precise insights into the potential of aligners in correcting root torque.
Locked out in Oxford: a review
Authors: Okely Judith
Published: July 2023

This article explores some implications of the experience of being locked down in the city where the author lived as undergraduate and as postgraduate following anthropological fieldwork. The author returned to Oxford after early retirement and university appointments around the UK and Europe. Enforced residence for months in one dwelling and location triggered past incidents linked to place. A 21st century perspective provoked contrasts with sexist and racist bias in past regulations and legal priorities. The experience also points to differences in communications and new significance in rare encounters.
Evidence of net fishing in Phoenician Punic Ibiza. Study of some lead net weights found on the island
Authors: Costa Benjamí
Published: July 2023

The study of four groups of net weights made of lead and preserved in the Archaeological Museum of Ibiza and Formentera allows us to consider the use of different types of mesh tackle for fishing in Ibiza during the Phoenician-Punic era. We have distinguished seine trawl seine gear for fishing in the open sea, as well as barrier meshes for shallow fishing on the coastal platform. This implies different capture strategies, different work organization and also different productivity.
Who was cleared? Chucalissa museum, a land-clearing project
Authors: Jackson Ashley
Published: July 2023

Within Memphis’ T.O. Fuller State Park, formerly the Shelby County Negro State Park, lies the C.H. Nash Chucalissa Museum where skeletal remains of the Tunica people are on display. Because it is a popular tourist attraction and a hub for archeology research, it has been dubbed the “central clearing house for Western Tennessee archeology.” Despite the many journal articles written about Chucalissa, underwhelmingly few critically engage with the Black labor exploited and the sacred burial mounds disturbed in the “clearing” and excavating of this exhibit. In this paper, I exchange the definition of “clearing,” a technical term common among archeologists with one that exposes it as a euphemism that disavows the historic violence of extraction.1,2 Through an interdisciplinary textual analysis of Nash’s “Chucalissa Indian Town,” this paper inquires what does it really mean for Chucalissa to be a “land clearing project” and a “central clearing house”? Who was cleared? How will digging up the history of the Chucalissa Museum shape our interpretations of regional archeology at that time? Finally, how can these findings contribute to the present Black and Native tensions with Chucalissa and to the broader conversations on repatriation?
Relationship of morphology and chromatin integrity of sperm in aneuploid blastocyst development: embryos fertilized with sperm diagnosed with teratozoospermia
Authors: Jesús Estuardo Lujan-Irastorza , Víctor Manuel Vargas-Hernández , Carlos Durand-Montaño , Josué Giovani Pacheco-Pineda , Felipe de Jesús Ávila-Pérez , Jesús Omar Amador-Casillas , Daniela Ávila-Rebollar , Héctor Tomás-Chávez , Stéphanie Loof-Esquivel Mónica , Teresita de Jesús Valdez-Chávez , Francisco Gómez del Ángel Iván , Angel Lemus-Huerta , Catalina Villa-Jiménez , Francis Erika Angulo-Rujano , Héctor Arcos-Hernández , Delia Xochitl Herrera-Salgado Alma , Mauricio Rangel-Sánchez
Published: July 2023

Objective: Evaluate whether the presence of aneuploid blastocysts is associated with sperm morphology and fragmentation. Methods: Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study, which included 352 embryos in blastocyst stage, obtained by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) from 131 cycles of patients with implantation failure and who decided to perform preimplantation genetic study of aneuploidy (PGT-A) to the embryos that were transferred to the uterus, in order to improve the implantation rate. Results: Of the embryos obtained from donated oocytes, only those fertilized with semen diagnosed with teratozoospermia presented aneuploidy (26.6%). The rate of aneuploid embryos was similar when own oocytes were fertilized with semen diagnosed with normozoospermia or teratozoospermia (38.4 vs 37.07%). Finally, no relationship was observed between chromatin damage and sperm morphology. Conclusion: In patients who fertilize their oocytes with spermatozoa from samples diagnosed with normozoospermia or teratozoospermia, the rate of aneuploid blastocysts will depend mainly on the female factor, this does not rule out the possibility of aneuploid embryos due to the male factor. Different from what was seen in donated oocytes, where embryos obtained from semen diagnosed with teratozoospermia presented a higher rate of aneuploidy.