bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El perfil docente y el rendimiento académico de aprendices de inglés en ambientes virtuales
Authors: Flores-González Norma , Zamora-Hernández Mónica , Castelán-Flores Vianey
Published: January 2025

Tras la problemática subyacente en la implementación de clases virtuales en la Licenciatura en la Enseñanza del Inglés y el desempeño académico disperso en dicha modalidad, el objetivo del presente estudio es indagar sobre la posible asociación entre el perfil docente presente en su praxis y el rendimiento académico, con el fin de coadyuvar a la formación estudiantil. Se eligió una muestra que consta de 4 profesoras y 115 estudiantes (67 mujeres y 48 hombres con edad promedio de 17.62 años). Se realizó una aproximación cuantitativa, con diseño asociativo y corte transversal, encontrándose los siguientes hallazgos: existe una asociación positiva entre las variables perfil docente y rendimiento académico, lo cual depende del empleo de competencias digitales y pedagógicas, diseño de contenidos tecno-pedagógicos y uso de estrategias de mediación en ambientes virtuales para un rendimiento académico deseable. Estos resultados señalan la necesidad imperante por parte de los docentes para conocer, desarrollar e implementar los atributos que contribuyan al perfil docente idóneo para la modalidad en cuestión.
معالم التجديد في المصطلحات والمفاهيم عند العلامة يوسف القرضاوي رحمه الله (التجديد - الأمة - الفقه)
Authors: البشير عصام
Published: January 2025

أهداف البحث: اشترع العلامة القرضاوي معالم وصوًى لتجديد المفاهيم والمصطلحات في عالم الوعي ومساحة السعي؛ تأصيلًا للتصورات وتنزيلًا للتصرفات، محتكمًا إلى منهجية علمية تستقرئ سياقات اللغة وتطورها التاريخي، وتستوعب نصوص الوحيين، واستعمالات التراث، وتستصحب مقاصد الشارع، وغايات الواضع، وتستجيب لإشكالات الواقع، وتستشرف تحديات المستقبل.
فهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان منهج القرضاوي في تجديد ثلاثة مفاهيم ومصطلحات، وهي: (التجديد، الأمة، الفقه)، ولتسليط الضوء على معانيها وآفاق تجديدها بنهج وسطي واستيعاب شمولي ونظر إبداعي؛ لينسج الباحثون والعلماء على ذات المنوال ويضيفون في هذه المسارات، استنادا إلى هذا المنهج الرحيب.
منهج الدراسة: اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي لتراث القرضاوي وكتبه ومحاضراته، والمنهج التحليلي لها.
النتائج: أبرز البحث منهج التجديد عند القرضاوي في المفاهيم، وبين محدداته ومعالمه، كما كشفت الدراسة شدة اهتمام الشيخ بحقل المفاهيم والمصطلحات تأصيلًا وتنزيلًا، ونقدًا وتجديدًا.
أصالة البحث: تحفل المكتبة الإسلامية بكتابات القرضاوي كما أن الكتابات والدراسات المتعلقة بفقهه ومشروعه الفكري تكاد تفوت الحصر، غير أن هذه الدراسة تركز على موضوع المفاهيم والمصطلحات، وتتخصص في مفاهيم نموذجية اشتغل عليها القرضاوي في مختلف مصنفاته، وتحليل منهج التجديد فيها.
مظاهر التجديد المقاصدي وأثره في فتاوى الأسرة والمرأة للشيخ يوسف القرضاوي
Authors: لعناني عربية
Published: January 2025

أهداف البحث: يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان ماهية التجديد المقاصدي، ومنهج الشيخ يوسف القرضاوي-رحمه الله-فيه، وإبراز أهم الإضافات التي قام بها، وبيان مدى نجاعته في معالجة قضايا الأسرة والمرأة.
منهج الدراسة: اعتمد هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي لوصف التعاريف والأحكام والفتاوى، والمنهج الاستقرائي في تتبع عبارات المقاصد للوصول إلى الصورة الكلية لإضافات الشيخ المقاصدية، والمنهج التحليلي في تحليل تعريف ومظاهر التجديد المقاصدي، وكيفية تفعيله في قضايا الأسرة والمرأة.
النتائج: توصل البحث إلى أن منهج الاجتهاد المقاصدي من أنجع المناهج الشرعية في تجديد واقع الأمة الإسلامية، وإثبات مبدأ صلاحية الشريعة الإسلامية في كل زمان ومكان، وحتمية دفع عجلة الاجتهاد، وصيانة التصرفات من دعوات الاستحداث أو التعطيل، وحماية الباعث الفطري وإيقاظه، وهذا ما هدفت إليه الإضافات المقاصدية للشيخ.
أصالة البحث: الاجتهاد المقاصدي منهج عرف عند المتقدمين، وقد توجه المعاصرون إلى اعتماده كمنهج اجتهادي لبناء الأحكام، وتم بيانه من خلال أمثلة من فتاوى المرأة والأسرة للشيخ، والتي لم تلق طرحا مقنعا – بالرغم مما استفيض فيها من الحديث قديما وحديثا – مثلما وفق فيه الشيخ عند اعتماده له، فأثبت ضرورة تفعيله في حل ما يستقبل من قضايا الأمة.
Sheikh al-Qaraḍāwī’s Independent Reasoning (Ijtihād) in Reformulating Contemporary Islamic Criminal Jurisprudence within the Framework of the Modern State
Authors: Mohamed Gaber
Published: January 2025

Objective: The present article presents Sheikh al-Qaraḍāwī’s innovative legal interpretations and choices on issues of Islamic criminal jurisprudence. It also examines al-Qaraḍāwī’s independent legal rulings across various branches of criminal jurisprudence, analysing and evaluating them according to the principles he set for contemporary ijtihād (independent legal reasoning).
Methodology: This study employs an inductive, descriptive, and analytical approach. First, it traces al-Qaraḍāwī’s ijtihād in criminal jurisprudence topics. Second, it examines his legal reasoning in light of his stated principles of ijtihād and his objective of adapting Islamic law to fit within the framework of the modern state. Third, it analyses his independent rulings (ijtihādāt) in relation to contemporary writings on criminal law.
Results: Islamic criminal jurisprudence was a central focus for Sheikh al-Qaraḍāwī as he worked to develop an approach to Islamic law that fits within the framework of the modern state while upholding the principles of the Sharia. He consistently maintained that any effort to implement criminal punishments prescribed in Islam must be grounded in a contemporary understanding of the Sharia’s foundational sources. Sheikh al-Qaraḍāwī views Islamic criminal jurisprudence as fundamentally concerned with safeguarding religion, life, progeny, intellect, and property for all people. He believes that Islamic punitive measures primarily aim at promoting values and upholding human rights principles without discrimination based on religion, race, colour, or gender.
Al-Qaraḍāwī’s views covered a range of complex criminal issues, including his stance on abolishing the death penalty, gender equality in matters of blood money, retribution between Muslims and non-Muslims, the changing jurisprudential concept of guardianship in retribution cases, the minimum threshold for amputation on theft, criticism of the modern prison system, punishment by stoning, the crime of apostasy, and his critique of the prevailing European narrative on corporal punishments in Islam.
Originality: The originality of this study lies in its focus on the overlooked distinction between public and private matters in modern and pre-modern Islamic criminal jurisprudence.
GENETIC PRIVACY- AN ANALYSIS OF LEGISLATIVE ENDEAVOURS
Authors: Singh Ms Medha , Dubey Ms. Deepa
Published: January 2025

Primary evidence is one of the pillars of the Criminal Justice Administration upon which the conviction and acquittal can solely depend. If this primary evidence is in the form of a bodily fluid, hair, fingerprint, nail, saliva etc. it can ascertain the culpability beyond a reasonable doubt. It is pertinent to mention here that our constitution provides a safeguard to the accused in the manner of fundamental rights. This “right” found its nexus in the ever-growing ever-evolving right to life and personal liberty, which very recently was a matter of determination in the Supreme Court by the issue of the right to privacy. The Puttaswamy judgment recognizes multiple facets of the right to privacy and within it the right to preserve “personal information”. It recognizes “personal information” as “data” that should be protected by the State and not misused as means of state surveillance. With this affirmation of data, DNA is genetic data, the Personal Data Protection Bill 2018 and another in 2019, which is the new initiative by State to strengthen the already existing data protection regime. A bare reading of the provisions of this bill can be dubbed as ambiguous and confusing to say the least and recognition to the fact that DNA is “Data” is absent. A careful and thorough reading of the bills is required to further analyze in depth the frontiers of DNA privacy in reference to the stakeholders in the criminal justice system.On the same lines, the Criminal (Procedure) Identification Bill was recently introduced in the lower house all set to repeal the Identification of Prisoners Act 1920. The objective with which this bill is introduced is to quote-unquote expand the definitions of persons whose measurements can be recorded and stored by the law enforcement agencies as admissible evidence and to subsequently arrive to the conclusion of incarceration. The Criminal Procedure (Identification) Bill seeks to achieve high conviction rates as it boastfully states in its draft.This paper shall deal with the critical analysis of the provisions of the DNA Technology (Use and Application) Bill 2019, the Data Protection Bill (pertaining to genetic data only) and the newest edition to this list the Criminal Procedure (Identification) Act 2022.
WAR AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Dhammapathee Vaishali Sambodhan
Published: January 2025

The Great Depression, spanning 1929 to 1939, remains the most protracted and severe economic crisis experienced by the industrialized Western world. Originating in the United States, its impact reverberated globally, causing precipitous declines in output, widespread unemployment, and acute deflation. Beyond its economic devastation, the Depression's social and cultural ramifications were profound and far-reaching. Scholars have attributed the Depression to various factors, including the altered economic landscape following World War I. This paper will examine these explanations, focusing on the concomitant shifts in global production strategies.Furthermore, the policy responses to the Depression engendered significant transformations in the sectoral composition of global production. While these changes fostered economic recovery, they also contributed to the degradation of a crucial public good: the environment. This paper seeks to analyze this environmental cost and explore the various mitigation strategies employed to address it.Finally, this paper aims to juxtapose these modern approaches with the concept of sustainable development as articulated in Buddhist philosophy. Buddhism offers a distinct perspective on sustainability, emphasizing "human-centered development" and presenting a unique framework for harmonizing economic progress with environmental preservation, a framework particularly relevant in the context of the disruptive impact of war on sustainable development.
ANALISIS PENGARUH SIMPANAN MUDHARABAH DAN DEPOSITO MUDHARABAH TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH (Study Kasus Pada BPR Syari’ah di NTB)
Authors: Maturidi AM
Published: January 2025

Penelitian inim bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Simpanan Mudharabah Dan Deposito Mudharabah Terhadap Pembiayaan Murabahah (Study Kasus Pada BPR Syari’ah di NTB). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hubungan kausal. Hubungan kausal adalah hubungan yang bersifat sebab akibat. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan BPR Syaraiah yang ada di Nusa Tenggara Barat sebanyak 3 (tiga) BPRS yaitu BPRS Patuh Beramal, BPRS Dinar Asri dan BPRS Tulen Amanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Simpanan mudharabah berpengaruh terhadap pembiayaan murabahah. Deposito Mudharabah berpengaruh terhadap pembiayaan murabahahSimpanan mudharabah dan deposito mudharabah secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap pembiayaan murabahah.
AS REPRESENTAÇÕES DA RELIGIOSIDADE AFRO-AMERICANA NA MÍDIA BRASILEIRA E A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM IMAGINÁRIO POPULAR RACISTA (1950-2022)
Authors: Pinho André Luiz Pereira
Published: January 2025

Este artigo aborda as representações da religiosidade afro-americana na mídia brasileira ao longo do período de 1950 a 2022, analisando como essas representações contribuíram para a construção de um imaginário popular marcado pelo racismo e pelo preconceito. Por meio de uma análise crítica de trechos de livros e filmes, este estudo examina as principais características das representações midiáticas, suas consequências e o impacto na percepção pública das religiões afro-americanas. Ao destacar essas representações e suas relações com a construção de estereótipos, busca-se compreender como a mídia pode reproduzir preconceitos e contribuir para a marginalização das tradições religiosas afro-americanas.
GASTROPLASTIA ENDOSCÓPICA NO AUXÍLIO DO EMAGRECIMENTO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Tuza Fábio Augusto DAlegria , Hayashi Leonardo Rodrigues Boldrini , Rodrigues Alexandre Gonçalves , Trindade Nathalia Barbosa Araujo , Raulino Estelita Ellen Oliveira Souza , Vicini Juliana Rosa , Gomes Tainá Pereira , Barreto Jessica Tavares , Azevedo Filho Javert do Carmo
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A gastroplastia endoscópica tem emergido como uma alternativa inovadora no tratamento da obesidade, destacando-se por sua abordagem minimamente invasiva em comparação com a cirurgia bariát
CIRURGIA DE TRAQUEOSTOMIA EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE LARINGE
Authors: Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Tuza Fábio Augusto DAlegria
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A cirurgia de traqueostomia é uma intervenção frequentemente necessária em pacientes com câncer de laringe, especialmente quando há comprometimento das vias aéreas. Essa abordagem cirúrgic
Sistem Penjualan Berbasis Web menggunakan Metode Supply Chain Managemen untuk Manajemen Persediaan Barang
Authors: Lubis Irgi Arianda , Maharani Dewi , Dristyan Febri
Published: January 2025

The manual inventory management at Andriani Wholesale Store in Air Teluk Kiri Village causes instability and significant fluctuations in stock levels. This problem leads to financial losses, high storage costs, and the loss of customers. This research aims to create a web-based sales system for inventory management integrated with the supply chain management (SCM) method. The model we use in building this system is the waterfall model, with stages of analysis, design, development or implementation, and testing. The testing we conducted used black box testing to ensure that the application or system could perform the desired functions according to the specified requirements. The data collection methods we used were interviews and observations. The data was processed using the SCM concept. Our findings resulted in a web-based sales system applying the SCM concept. The testing results showed that the system could perform its functions well without errors. With this system, real-time inventory monitoring, improved planning, and better communication with suppliers at Andriani Wholesale Store are achieved.
Penerapan Metode Perbandingan Eksponensial pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan untuk Menentukan Pegawai Terbaik
Authors: Aritonang Nurmala Plorensia Br , Helmia Fauriatun , Rohminatin Rohminatin
Published: January 2025

The Department of Animal Husbandry and Health of Asahan Regency is a government agency that conducts education and health checks for animals. Employee assessment in this department is conducted to determine the quality of staff. However, the current assessment process is still manual using assessment sheets and remains subjective. The aim of this research is to develop a decision support system by applying the Exponential Comparison Method (ECM) to determine the best employees. We utilized the waterfall model to build this system, involving stages of analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The analysis stage was conducted to gather the necessary data for system development, processed using the ECM method. For the design stage, we presented flowcharts, data flow diagrams (DFD), and use case diagrams. In the implementation stage, we developed an application using the web programming language PHP with a MySQL database. System testing employed black box testing to assess the functionality of all system components. Our findings revealed Herman Sitepu as the top-ranking employee. The system, presented as a web application with multiple menus, performed well based on black box testing results. Consequently, this system can be used to evaluate employee performance at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Health of Asahan Regency.
Si Pelabuhanna: Game Edukasi Pengenalan Buah-Buahan Mengandung Vitamin A menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining
Authors: Kurniawan Rizky Rizaldi , Widiyaningtyas Triyanna
Published: January 2025

Providing education in a fun way about fruits that contain vitamin A is important because one of the important benefits of vitamin A is for human vision. The purpose of this study to develop the game Si Pelabuhanna and apply the method of forward chaining to determine the eligibility of players to rise to level 2. Using the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) development method with stages used initiation, pre-production, production, testing, and release. Our findings are in the form of Si Pelabuhanna games that have a play menu, material, and information and apply the forward chaining method. The Si Pelabuhanna Game can be used in elementary school children's subjects where the material is about fruits containing vitamin A. Application of forward chaining method by specifying variables to be used to create rules. Rules are used to determine if a player is eligible to advance to level 2. Testing using simulation by testing one by one rule after being applied in the game. Based on the test obtained an accuracy value of 100%. This means that the forward chaining method is successfully applied to determine whether a player is eligible to rise to level 2 in a Si Pelabuhanna game.
Sinau: Javanese Educational Games for Early Childhood as an Effort to Preserve Javanese Heritage
Authors: Pratama Nanda Zakir Shihab , Ratnasari Chanifah Indah
Published: January 2025

Preserving the Javanese language is a collective responsibility to safeguard Indonesia's cultural heritage. This study aims to develop Sinau, a Javanese language learning game for early childhood (ages 4–8), focusing on vocabulary and unggah-ungguh (Kromo and Ngoko) with correct pronunciation. Utilizing the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) and Guided Discovery methods, the game was designed to facilitate active learning both at home and school. GDLC encompassed pre-production (concept, teaching methods, and prototype development), production (game creation with Unity, incorporating educational content, visuals, and sound), and post-production phases. Testing involved 10 second-grade students and 2 teachers, with observations despite the game's primary target being younger children. Participants evaluated the game by playing it and completing a 10-question Likert-scale questionnaire. Usability was measured using the System Usability Scale (SUS), resulting in a score of 74.17, indicating an acceptable level with a good adjective rating. These results demonstrate that Sinau is well-received and effective for Javanese language learning. While the study did not directly test early childhood learning outcomes, the findings suggest the game's potential for educational use, with recommendations for improving user experience and content to enhance its effectiveness further.
Storytelling in English Language Education in China: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research from the Past Decade (2014–2024)
Authors: Zheng Luying , Ismail Hanita Hanim , Hashim Harwati , Ali Zuraina Binti
Published: January 2025

The storytelling approach has been widely recognised as an effective pedagogical approach in English language education (ELE). In China, storytelling has received considerable attention as an instructional method, aligning with national policies emphasising innovative and interactive learning. However, while empirical research on storytelling in China’s ELE has grown, there is a lack of systematic reviews synthesising relevant studies in this context. This gap limits the understanding of how storytelling has been implemented and evaluated within China’s unique socio-cultural and educational settings. Thus, based on three databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar), this systematic review addresses this gap by examining 24 empirical studies published in the past decade, from 2014 to 2024. The findings reveal storytelling is predominantly used in primary and secondary education, with fewer studies in tertiary and special education. Research interests span curriculum integration, material adaptation, stakeholder perceptions, and learning outcomes. Effective strategies primarily focus on the selection and adaptation of stories for instruction and the implementation of storytelling through methods such as guided reading, autonomous reading, and the use of multimodal support, though challenges such as inadequate teacher training, resource limitations, and misaligned activities with curriculum goals remain prevalent. With quantitative and qualitative designs underpinning most previous studies, the review highlights the importance of expanding the research agenda for a more comprehensive understanding. Implications for educators, curriculum planners, and policymakers include addressing resource gaps, enhancing teacher training, and fostering collaboration to optimise storytelling practices in China’s ELE.
Restrict Toxic Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines to Protect the Environment by Using Diesel Fuel Mixed with Vegetable Oil
Authors: Trung Dinh Pham  , Mai Duc Nghia , Duc Ho Tuan
Published: January 2025

For internal combustion engines, engines installed for transport ships, cargo ships, and fishing vessels are mainly diesel engines. The number of engines is increasing due to the development of the maritime and seafood exploitation sectors. Therefore, the high demand for petroleum fuels increases environmental pollution due to engine emissions. Reducing environmental pollution from the combustion of petroleum fuels has become a concern worldwide, especially for internal combustion engines. The exhaust gases from the engine contain harmful substances such as soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Fuels with higher carbon content generate more soot when burned. In contrast, biofuels have low carbon and sulfur content and supply ample oxygen, which helps to reduce soot formation. For these reasons, biofuels are encouraged as alternative fuels to petroleum. Vegetable oil is one of the primary raw materials for biofuel production. This study presents a mixture of diesel and vegetable oil utilized as fuel for fishing vessels’ diesel engines. The results of experimental research on a fishing vessel’s 4CHE Yanmar diesel engine when using diesel fuel mixed with coconut oil (B15, 15% coconut oil, and 85% diesel) show that increasing B15 fuel injection pressure by about 10–15% compared with diesel fuel injection pressure reduces the engine’s soot emissions and increases power compared to unadjusted. This solution contributes to reducing environmental pollution from engine emissions.
The use of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and bone graft in surgical treatment of nasopalatine duct cyst: A case report
Authors: Birawa Virajati  , Indra Mulyawan  , Gatot Baydowi
Published: January 2025

Background: The nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common non-odontogenic developmental cysts, also termed as incisive canal cyst. It was seen in 3-12% of operated cysts of the jaw with maximum incidences are seen in adult males. The cyst originates from epithelial remnants from the nasopalatine duct that may be activated spontaneously during life or are eventually stimulated by the irritating action of various agents (infection, etc.).

Purpose: The purpose of writing this article is to describe a treatment of nasopalatine duct cyst by surgery and application of bone graft accompanied with PRP.

Case: A 46-year-old male patient came with complaints of a lump on the roof of the mouth in for 4 months ago which was initially small but gradually enlarged. On intra-oral examination, a mass was seen in the midline region of the palate, round shape, 3 cm x 4 cm in diameter, and the same color as the surrounding tissue. The patient was diagnosed with nasopalatine duct cyst.

Case management: Cyst enucleation was performed under general anaesthesia. Post retrieval cyst wall defect reconstructed with xenogenic bone graft and covered with platelet rich plasma (PRP).

Conclusion: Enucleation with the application of bone graft and PRP in the treatment of nasopalatine duct cysts can provide a good surgical output.
No Easy Way In
Authors: Aasmäe Kalev
Published: January 2025

This article aims to study the impact the 2012 criminalisation of residential squatting in England and Wales has had on the lived experiences and communal logics of squatters in London. Through the story of a former homeless person named Keith, this paper explores how an individual squatter with limited experience tries to navigate the complex communal logics of squatter crews and identify larger networks in order not to lose the roof over his head. Squatters’ needs to frequently move between non-residential buildings and replicate existing social dynamics in new spatial settings increase the pressures on the solidarity and communal ties within crews. Although, to some extent, stratification based on the experiences, skills, networking abilities, competencies, and status of individual squatters has always existed, the context of growing uncertainty has further amplified it. This, in turn, further erodes solidarity amongst squatters, prompting Keith to turn to new methods of securing accommodation.
Keywords: squatting, community, neoliberalism, solidarity, criminalisation, housing
Applying Anthropological Knowledge in the Business Field: Three Ethnographic Studies in a Commercial Context
Authors: Rautiainen Pirjo
Published: January 2025

A lectio præcursoria is a short presentation read out loud by a doctoral candidate at the start of a public thesis examination in Finland. It introduces the key points or central argument of the thesis in a way that should make the ensuing discussion between the examinee and the examiner apprehensible to the audience, many of whom may be unfamiliar with the candidate’s research or even anthropological research in general.
Infections and Infections and Spectrum of Pathogens in Patients with Malignant Tumors of the Liver and Biliary Tract with Biliary Obstruction after Extensive Liver Resections
Authors: Romaniuk Vladyslava , Kotenko Oleg , Solovyova Galyna
Published: January 2025

A malignant tumor is an independent risk factor for the development of surgical site infections (SSIs), and the risk of postoperative complications in patients is 3 times higher than in patients without a malignant process. Unfortunately, even with perfect adherence to the rules of asepsis and antiseptics, the contamination of the surgical wound is inevitable during surgery. In patients with malignant liver tumors the infection can be caused by malignant obstruction, bile stasis, preoperative manipulations of the biliary tract (drainage or stenting).
The objective: to analyze the spectrum of bacterial infections and their pathogens in patients with primary malignant tumors of the liver and biliary tract with obstruction of the biliary tract compared to patients without obstruction of the biliary tract after extended liver resections (ELRs).
Materials and methods. 70 statistically homogeneous patients in terms of age and gender took part in the study: 32 persons with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 38 persons with cholangiocarcinoma (CC). Patients were divided into groups. The 1st (main one) group included 35 patients with primary liver tumors after ELRs with biliary obstruction, the 2nd (control one) group included 35 patients with primary liver tumors after ELRs without biliary obstruction. The age of the patients was 61.2 ± 10.7 years and 64.5 ± 11.4 years, respectively. Objective data, laboratory and instrumental examinations were used to establish the diagnosis and complications that occurred in patients after surgery.
Results. In patients with HCC and CC with biliary obstruction after ELRs (main group) the infectious complications occurred in 100% of cases, versus to patients with HCC and CC without biliary obstruction (control group).
Opportunistic microorganisms, which were represented by a sufficiently wide spectrum of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, were determined in patients after ELRs. Pneumonia (17.1% of cases), cholangitis (14.3%), SSIs (28.6%), SSIs com bined with cholangitis (11.4%), and SSIs in combination with infections of the central circulation (11.4%) were significantly more common in patients with HCC and CC with biliary obstruction after ELRs.
Conclusions. The results of the study should be used to develop a strategy to reduce postoperative bacterial complications and additional financial costs after ELRs in the future.
Assessment of Satisfaction with Knowledge and Practical Skills in the Discipline “Otolaryngology” of Graduates of the Specialty 222 “Medicine” and Interns of the Specialty “Otolaryngology”
Authors: Kononov Oleksandr
Published: January 2025

One of the main tasks in the health care system is the improvement of personnel policy. The qualification of the healthcare workforce is one of the most important components of ensuring the quality of medical care, along with their effective distribution, appropriate number, age structure, and motivation to work, in line with the medical needs of the population.
The objective: to assess the level of undergraduate training in the discipline “Otolaryngology” by graduate persons of the specialty “Medicine” and interns of the specialty “Otolaryngology”.
Materials and methods. During the study it was determined whether graduates and interns were satisfied with the duration and scope of the training program in the discipline “Otolaryngology”, the level of knowledge and practical skills in otolaryngology obtained at the undergraduate level, and also analyzed the respondents’ desire to improve their knowledge and practical skills after completingh teir studies. 174 graduates of higher education institutions of Ukraine and 103 interns who studied before internship in nine different higher medical educational institutions took part in the study. The respondents were quite young people: the average age of graduates was 22.4±2.3 years, interns – 23.6±1.9 years.
During the analysis, sociological, medical-statistical, analytical, generalization, graphic research methods were used.
Results. It was found that only 51.1% of graduates were satisfied with the level of theoretical knowledge, 62.1% – with the level of practical skills, 25.6% and 14.0% of graduates were partially satisfied, respectively, and 23.3% and 23.9% persons were dissatisfied, respectively. Only 37.4% of interns were satisfied with the level of theoretical knowledge, 15.9% – with the level of practical skills, partially satisfied – 9.1% and 27.7% of these respondents, respectively, dissatisfied 33.5% and 56.4% of interns, respectively.
Data differences in both groups were significant (p < 0.05). All respondents had a desire to improve their knowledge and skills in otolaryngology, most of them – in emergency conditions and inflammatory diseases.
Conclusions. The results of the study showed a low level of readiness to provide high-quality medical care in the conditions of real clinical practice by graduates of higher education institutions and interns, which indicates shortcomings in the organization of training and control of knowledge in this discipline at specialized departments and clinical bases.
Features of the Clinical Course of Odontogenic Inflammatory Diseases of the Jaws and Soft Tissues in Drug Users
Authors: Tymofieiev Oleksii , Vesova Olena , Ushko Nataliia , Maksymcha Sergii , Kryvosheieva Anna
Published: January 2025

The objective: to analyze the features of the clinical course of odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the jaws and paramaxillary soft tissues in drug addicts.
Materials and methods. 294 drug-addicted patients with odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the jaws and soft tissues were examined and treated. All patients underwent a generally accepted clinical and X-ray examinations at the first visit and during the course of treatment. Primary odontogenic inflammatory processes in the jaw were found in the patients, namely: periodontitis, periostitis and osteomyelitis.
The reliability of the examination results was calculated according to Student’s criteria. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.
Results. Atypical clinical and radiological features of the course of periodontitis, periostitis, osteomyelitis, abscesses and phlegmons were found in the study participants, namely: progressive nature, significant prevalence of lesions, peculiar clinical symptoms. Unsatisfactory healing of post-extraction and postoperative wounds, very low effectiveness of the medical measures, relapse course, which should be taken into account during the treatment of this category of patients, were found in drug addicts.
Conclusions. The developed schemes for the treatment of odontogenic purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial region and neck in drug-addicted persons contribute to the faster elimination of the purulent-inflammatory process (compared to traditional treatment), improve the healing of postoperative purulent wounds, and reduce the occurrence of local postoperative inflammatory complications in 3–4 times.
Sodium Sensitivity/Sodium Resistance in Patients with Arterial Hypertension: Effect on Lipids Profile, Glucose Level, Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters
Authors: Sydorchuk Larysa , Lytvyn Bogdan
Published: January 2025

The objective: to determine the lipid metabolism, glucose level, individual clinical and anthropometric indicators depending on sodium sensitivity/sodium resistance and gender in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH).
Materials and methods. 100 patients with stage II EAH and 60 practically healthy individuals of the control group took part in the study. All persons underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. Sodium sensitivity/sodium resistance was determined according to the method of M.H. Weinberger. Metabolism was analyzed according to the lipid profile (total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins – HDL-C, LDL-C, atherogenicity coefficient, triacylglycerols – TG), glucose, creatinine, cystatin-C, bilirubin and albuminuria in blood. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), their ratio (WC/HC) were also determined.
Results. The course of EAH in sodium sensitivity patients is characterized by higher BMI and WC than in sodium resistance patients, regardless of gender – by 29.32–33.54% (p < 0.001) and 15.02–23.40% (p < 0.001), a higher ratio WC/HC, but only in men – by 8.51% (р = 0.003), which is probably greater than that in women of all study groups by 6.82–28.75% (р ≤ 0.028–0.001). At the same time, sodium sensitivity hypertensive men had marginally higher albuminuria – by 42.34% (p = 0.05) and higher blood levels of creatinine and cystatin-C than sodium resistance men – by 11.39% (p = 0.022) and 11. 88% (р = 0.022), which causes a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, but probably only for cystatin-C – by 12.23% (р = 0.044), respectively.
Probable differences, taking into account sodium sensitivity, were not found in the blood pressure levels, lipid and glucose concentrations in the patients. In the control group sodium sensitivity individuals have a higher TG level than sodium resistance individuals – by 58.50% (p = 0.011) with lower HDL cholesterol in both women and men – by 15.82% (p = 0.004) and 41.04% (p = 0.004), respectively.
Conclusions. Sodium sensitivity in EAH patients is associated with changes in certain anthropometric parameters (higher BMI, WC) regardless of gender and metabolic factors (greater albuminuria, higher levels of cystatin-C and blood creatinine, WC/HC), but only in men.
The Impact of Electrolyte Disturbances on the Course of the Heart Disease of COVID-19 and the Possibilities of Correction
Authors: Duda Oleksandr , Boyko Valentina , Pechinka Anatolіy , Golub Alla , Batsiura Hanna , Kotsiubailo Liubov
Published: January 2025

COVID-19 is a disease that affects the whole human’s organism and the symptoms and severity of its course vary greatly. Most patients with COVID-19 tolerate it in a mild form without hospitalization. However, severe and even fatal course of this disease is possible, especially in patients with blood circulatory system pathology.
The objective: to assess the impact of electrolyte disorders on the course of coronavirus disease and to find a reduction in the risk of developing cardiovascular complications in the form of heart rhythm disorders by correcting hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia.
Materials and methods. The study included 117 patients (16 women, 56 men) with coronavirus disease from 18 to 65 years old. All patients were examined for the level of electrolytes K+, Na+, Mg++, Cl- on the 2nd–4th day from the beginning of hospitalization, after 7–10–14 days and on the 3d, 6th, 12th weeks during outpatient observation. The effect of correction of electrolyte disorders was assessed by the duration of the disease and the dynamics of symptoms from the side of cardiac arrhythmia.
The patients were divided into four groups depending on the severity of the disease, electrolyte indicators, the presence of pneumonia and the prescribed treatment. The patients in the 1st and 3d groups received, in addition to basic therapy, a high-dose complex of potassium and magnesium 300 mg each based on citrate salt for 3 months. The groups were statistically homogeneous.
Results. The development of electrolyte disorders in the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is associated with the systemic effect of the pathogen. During the study a relationship between mild and moderate severity of COVID-19 coronavirus disease and electrolyte imbalance was established. The course of the disease of moderate severity correlated with decreased potassium and magnesium concentrations, while from our own clinical observations, hyperkalemia indicators were observed more often in patients with severe course, who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, which is probably due to the presence of concomitant pathology.
Conclusions. In patients who received an additional source of magnesium and potassium in the form of a high-dose complex, the normalization of potassium and magnesium levels was determined from the 3rd week of treatment for moderate-severe COVID-19. In groups with basic therapy without the use of an additional source of elements, the level of potassium and magnesium decreased throughout the observation period.
The use of 300 mg of magnesium and 300 mg of potassium in the form of citrate for 3 months demonstrated a positive effect on the relief of symptoms of the disease and the recovery of patients.
Analysis of characteristics of reflection-symmetric strip structure in differential mode
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Russia, Tomsk, Ave. Lenina, 40., Vlasov S.V. , Zhechev Y.S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Russia, Tomsk, Ave. Lenina, 40., Zabolotsky A.M. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 634050, Russia, Tomsk, Ave. Lenina, 40.
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, huge amounts of data are being transmitted in differential mode using LVDS, USB, CAN, RS-485 and Ethernet standards. Semiconductor elements and components in the receiving and transmitting circuits of data interfaces are vulnerable to ultra-wideband (UWB) pulses. This paper considers the possibility of reducing the level of UWB interference by means of a modal filter operating in differential mode. Electrodynamic simulations were performed to obtain S-parameters, which were used to analyze time and frequency characteristics. The attenuation of the UWB interference by 6.19 times is shown. To evaluate the danger of interference, the analysis of N-norm values was performed, which showed that the investigated structure allows reducing the danger of UWB interference for the equipment. The values of N-norms decreased as follows: N1 by 6.19 times, N2 by 10.18 times, N3 by 1.51 times, N4 by 4.32 times, and N5 by 5.1 times. The signal integrity has been analyzed and eye diagrams have been obtained for this purpose. It is revealed that for bit rates up to 1350 Mbit/s significant distortions of the useful signal are not observed.
The Problem of Philosophical Progress in Kant’s First Critique and Wittgenstein’s Tractatus
Authors: Garancini Daniele Bruno
Published: January 2025

This paper develops two theses and one suggestion. The first thesis concerns how to reason about the problem of philosophical progress. Chalmers (2015) and Dellsén et al. (2022) proposed frameworks to reason about this problem. I argue that these frameworks have limits and develop an alternative. Having done this, I put my proposed framework to the test. That is, I use it to analyse the views held by Kant in the first critique and Wittgenstein in the Tractatus. The second thesis concerns the relations between these works. My proposed framework makes evident that, for all their differences, Kant and Wittgenstein gave similar answers to the problem of philosophical progress. They both claimed that philosophy has been very unproductive for much of its history and proposed methods to fix this. My suggestion is that this might be a recurring pattern in the history of philosophy, which perhaps could help explain why, to this day, there is so much pessimism concerning philosophical progress.
Clarity-Rigour-Progress: Three Ideals of Analytic Philosophy
Authors: Glock Hans-Johann
Published: January 2025

A guiding theme in analytic philosophy is the hope of achieving philosophical progress by means of clear questions and statements put in the service of rigorous argument. This article explores both historical-cum-exegetical and (meta-)philosophical aspects of this aspiration. Building on propaedeutic clarifications of the notions of clarity and rigour, it disputes that analytic philosophy is inherently clearer than alternative ways of philosophizing, and considers a defence according to which inaccessibilty is a price to be paid for rigour. It then explores a previously unnoticed conflict between these two ideals that emerges from comparing methodological ideas in Frege, Wittgenstein and Carnap. What sets the three apart are their views concerning the role of formal logic in the pursuit of clarity and rigour, which are in turn linked to distinct conceptions of philosophical progress. Nevertheless, there remain surprising affinities between them, which point to the need for balancing the demands of clarity and rigour.
Test-Retest Reliability of Assessment of Work Performance for Thai Homeless People
Authors: Chatthong Winai , Thanapet Uthaikan , Ammawat Watthanaree , Rueankam Maliwan , Khemthong Supalak
Published: January 2025

Purpose This study aims to conduct test-retest reliability of the AWP – Thai version. Internal consistency has been tested after completing an approval process of forward-backward translation and achieving good content validity. Under the shortage of mental workforce, vocational rehabilitation (VR) has been trained to enhance supported employment in homeless people with mental illness (MI). The Assessment of Work Performance (AWP) is required for Thai translation to classify the quality of job skills in one pilot setting at Nonthaburi’s destitute home.Methods Two weeks were set for test-retest reliability of the AWP collecting a group of participants (n = 59). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was calculated at the 95% confidential level with an F-test of true value. Results Moderate to good test-retest reliability of the AWP is addressed for all participants and separation of those participants into four groups of job selection: rug hooking, cleaning food table, sweeping the leaves, and community gardening. However, a cautious interpretation of ICC provides accurate implications of the AWP in both clinical utility and the VR program evaluation. Conclusions: The AWP is a performance-based tool that can be an observable process in participatory work routines. Motor, process, and interactive communication skills are essential components connected to a practical solution to enhance the VR to the social welfare system.
Task Load Affects Tool Embodiment During Virtual Tool-use Training with Visual and Visuo-tactile Modalities in Healthy Aging
Authors: Jahanian Najafabadi Amir , Küster Dennis , Putze Felix , Godde Ben
Published: January 2025

We previously reported that after virtual tool use training, younger as compared to older adults experienced a higher sense of ownership over virtual tools associated with changes in sensorimotor representation (i.e., body schema). Moreover, higher agency ratings were contingent on their performance levels and the extent to which the virtual tool was integrated into their arm representation. In contrast, older adults exhibited a heightened sense of agency, which was strongly associated with improvements in virtual tool use. Regardless, no changes to their body schema, and no emergence of a sense of ownership was revealed in older adults. Comparing data from a questionnaire and an analogue scale as two subjective measurements of embodiment during and after virtual tool-use training, we investigated whether this tool embodiment in both age groups could be predicted by task load assessed with the NASA TLX where participants rated their perceived task load related to the tool-use task in six dimensions (mental, physical, temporal, effort, performance and frustration). Data from 34 younger and 39 healthy older adults were analysed. Results revealed, that in younger adults mental load led to increased ownership over the virtual tool, and physical load negatively affected agency. Older adults showed weaker effects, with performance load being the only significant predictor of higher agency ratings. The analogue scale more directly captured the sense of control as it was collected during virtual tool use training blocks, while the questionnaire was used only after participants completed training blocks. Our results highlight age-related differences in how various dimensions of task load affect perceived ownership and agency during virtual tool use, suggesting the benefit of using multiple measures of ownership and agency for a more comprehensive understanding.
Non-mathematical dimensions of randomness: Implications for problem gambling
Authors: Barboianu Catalin
Published: January 2025

Randomness, a core concept of gambling, is seen in problem gambling as responsible for the formation of the math-related cognitive distortions, especially the Gambler’s Fallacy. In problem-gambling research, the concept of randomness was traditionally referred to as having a mathematical nature and categorized and approached as such. Randomness is not a mathematical concept, and I argue that its weak mathematical dimension is not decisive at all for the randomness-related issues in gambling and problem gambling, including the correction of the misconceptions and fallacies about probability and statistical concepts applied in gambling. I distinguish between mathematical and nonmathematical dimensions of randomness (the epistemic, the theoretical-methodological, the functional, and the ethical) falling within the general concept, and I argue that both the studies having as object the math-related cognitive distortions among gamblers and the educational programs aiming at correcting them should employ this distinction in their design and content.
Unraveling Networks: The conceptual incoherence of the network approach
Authors: Oude Maatman Freek , Eronen Markus
Published: January 2025

The network approach to psychopathology promises (personalized) visualizations of the structure of mental disorders, in turn allowing for prediction of disorder development and identification of intervention targets. In this paper, we argue that these goals are problematized by conceptual incoherence between the approach’s two pillars: the network theory of mental disorders, and the suite of methods known as ‘network psychometrics’. First, we argue that, if it is to be clinically informative, network psychometrics requires (1) an embedding argument to justify that a causally sufficient set of variables has been modeled, and (2) a concomitant argument supporting the assumption that the human-environment system is near-decomposable. Then, we show that current versions of the network theory of psychopathology raise severe obstacles for such arguments, if not outright blocking them. In turn, the network approach to psychopathology appears to unravel unless changes are made to its pillars.