bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NIR-cleavable drug adducts of gold nanostars for overcoming multidrug-resistant tumors
Authors: del Valle Andrea C. , Su Cheng-Kuan , Sun Yuh-Chang , Huang Yu-Fen
Published: January 2020

dsDDA–AuNS-combined intranuclear targeting of tumor cells as well as angiogenic blood vessels for effective PTT/chemo treatment against MDR cancers.
Phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater via a two-step process of ozonation and crystallization: process development, optimization and upscaling
Authors: Vasenko Liubov , Bonnemain-Fernandes Adeline , Malwade Chandrakant , Qu Haiyan
Published: January 2020

Ozonation of NOM/HS in reject water results in higher purity of the recovered products during CaP crystallization.
Copolymerization of an aryl halide and elemental sulfur as a route to high sulfur content materials
Authors: Karunarathna Menisha S. , Lauer Moira K. , Tennyson Andrew G. , Smith Rhett C.
Published: January 2020

RASP (radical-induced aryl halide-sulfur polymerization) is reported as a new route to high sulfur-content materials.
Novel cyclometalated iridium(iii) phosphine-imine (P^N) complexes: highly efficient anticancer and anti-lung metastasis agents in vivo
Authors: Xu Zhishan , Yang Yuliang , Jia Xianglei , Guo Lihua , Ge Xingxing , Zhong Genshen , Chen Shujiao , Liu Zhe
Published: January 2020

Iridium(iii)-based complexes with phosphine-imine (P^N) ligands are synthesized and authenticated. The combined treatment with Ir(iii) and BIX01294 potently inhibited tumour growth and lung metastasis in vitro and in vivo.
The effects of deposition time and current density on the electrochemical performance of flexible and high-performance MnO2@PFG composite electrodes
Authors: Jia MengYing , Cheng Chen , Cui Linlin , Li Yue , Jin Xiao-Juan
Published: January 2020

A novel composite electrode has been fabricated by the direct deposition of MnO2 onto graphene networks surrounding a paper fiber (PFG).
Effect of different pyrolysis temperatures on physico-chemical characteristics and lead(ii) removal of biochar derived from chicken manure
Authors: Cuixia Yan , Yingming Xu , Lin Wang , Xuefeng Liang , Yuebing Sun , Hongtao Jia
Published: January 2020

Biochar derived from chicken manure, as an effective metal adsorbent, was prepared through a pyrolysis method at different pyrolytic temperatures (200, 400, 600, and 800 °C).
Structure and dynamics of liposomes designed for drug delivery: coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to reveal the role of lipopolymer incorporation
Authors: Lemaalem Mohammed , Hadrioui Nourddine , Derouiche Abdelali , Ridouane Hamid
Published: January 2020

In this work, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are carried out in NPTH and NVTE statistical ensembles in order to study the structure and dynamics properties of liposomes coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
Teneligliptin protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced endothelial permeabilityin vivoandin vitro
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yuan Weiqiong , Kong Xiangli , Zhang Bei
Published: January 2020

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, especially among the elderly population.
Rapid synthesis of hierarchical SSZ-13 zeolite microspheres via a fluoride-assisted in situ growth route using aluminum isopropoxide as aluminum source
Authors: Bing Liancheng , Liu Jiajia , Yi Kaifeng , Li Fangni , Han Dezhi , Wang Fang , Wang Guangjian
Published: January 2020

Hierarchical SSZ-13 were quickly synthesized by adding a small quantity of hydrofluoric acid in the starting gel using aluminum isopropoxide as aluminum source.
Mechanism and regeneration of sulfur-poisoned Mn-promoted calcined NiAl hydrotalcite-like compounds for C3H6-SCR of NO
Authors: Zhao Ling , Kang Mengdi
Published: January 2020

The selective catalytic reduction of NO with propene (C3H6-SCR) in the presence of SO2 was investigated over a series of Mn-promoted calcined NiAl hydrotalcite-like compounds.
Pyrene-appended bipyridine hydrazone ligand as a turn-on sensor for Cu2+ and its bioimaging application
Authors: Hossain Sayed Muktar , Prakash Ved , Mamidi Prabhudutta , Chattopadhyay Soma , Singh Akhilesh Kumar
Published: January 2020

A pyrene-based “turn-on” Cu(ii) sensor provides a chemiluminescent Cu6 metal organic macrocycle (MOM) applicable for live cell imaging.
Coating-free TiO2@β-SiC alveolar foams as a ready-to-use composite photocatalyst with tunable adsorption properties for water treatment
Authors: Rico-Santacruz Marisa , García-Muñoz Patricia , Marchal Clément , Batail Nelly , Pham Charlotte , Robert Didier , Keller Nicolas
Published: January 2020

Coating-free TiO2@β-SiC photocatalytic composite foams gathering within a ready-to-use shell/core alveolar medium the TiO2 photocatalyst and the β-SiC foam structure were prepared via a multi-step shape memory synthesis (SMS) replica method.
Chemoselective reduction of nitro and nitrile compounds using an Fe3O4-MWCNTs@PEI-Ag nanocomposite as a reusable catalyst
Authors: Ansari Sara , Khorshidi Alireza , Shariati Shahab
Published: January 2020

Chemoselective reductions by an Fe3O4-MWCNTs@PEI-Ag nanocomposite.
Role of ionic interactions in the deformation and fracture behavior of perfluorosulfonic-acid membranes
Authors: Shi Shouwen , Liu Zheng , Lin Qiang , Chen Xu , Kusoglu Ahmet
Published: January 2020

Modulus, strain-hardening and fracture toughness of cation-exchanged PFSAs are interrelated via deformation mechanisms influenced by the ionic interactions governing relationships between strength vs. toughness, and stretchability vs. stiffness.
Improved ordering and lubricating properties using graphene in lamellar liquid crystals of Triton X-100/CnmimNTf2/H2O
Authors: Chen Liping , Fan Lei , Ge Lingling , Guo Rong
Published: January 2020

The addition of a small amount of graphene into LLCs can increase the order of the amphiphilic molecules and the thickness of the amphiphilic bilayer, which could effectively reduce the friction coefficient and enhance the loadbearing capacity.
Anion-exchange phase control of manganese sulfide for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Pujari Rahul B. , Gund Girish S. , Patil Swati J. , Park Ho Seok , Lee Dong-Weon
Published: January 2020

Controlled anion exchange kinetics between MnCO3 and S precursor obtain MnS2 (cubic), γ-MnS (wurtzite), and α-MnS (rock salt) manganese sulfide polymorphs, which can be applied for different electrochemical applications such as O2 evolution reaction.
High-yield and in situ fabrication of high-content nitrogen-doped graphene nanoribbons@Co/CoOOH as an integrated sulfur host towards Li–S batteries
Authors: Tan Ke , Liu Yang , Tan Zhaolin , Zhang Jinyang , Hou Linrui , Yuan Changzhou
Published: January 2020

1D high-content N-doped graphene nanoribbons@Co/CoOOH is in situ fabricated in high yield as an integrated host for Li–S batteries, thanks to its exceptional electronic conductivity, strong chemical/physical adsorption and high catalytic activity.
The optical signatures of molecular-doping induced polarons in poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl): individual polymer chainsversusaggregates
Authors: Mansour Ahmed E. , Lungwitz Dominique , Schultz Thorsten , Arvind Malavika , Valencia Ana M. , Cocchi Caterina , Opitz Andreas , Neher Dieter , Koch Norbert
Published: January 2020

For molecularly doped poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) solvated individual chains can be unambiguously differentiated from aggregated ones by diagnostic polaron absorption.
K2S2O8 mediated C-3 arylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones under metal-, photocatalyst- and light-free conditions
Authors: Dutta Nibedita Baruah , Bhuyan Mayurakhi , Baishya Gakul
Published: January 2020

C-3 arylation protocols of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with arylhydrazines and aryl boronic acids under metal-, photocatalyst- and light-free conditions using non-toxic K2S2O8.
Single crystals of mixed Br/Cl and Sn-doped formamidinium lead halide perovskites via inverse temperature crystallization
Authors: Ng Michael , Halpert Jonathan E.
Published: January 2020

FAPbBr3−xClx and doped FAPb1−xSnxBr3 perovskite single crystals were synthesized using inverse temperature crystallization (ITC). The single crystals displayed a bandgap tuneability of 2.05 eV to 2.57 eV and trap densities between 109 to 1011 cm−3.
Engineering pH-responsive switching of donor–π–acceptor chromophore alignments along a peptide nanotube scaffold
Authors: Tabata Yuki , Kamano Yusuke , Kimura Shunsaku , Uji Hirotaka
Published: January 2020

pH-Responsive switching between a left-handed chiral and random alignments of D–π–A naphthalimides along a peptide nanotube (PNT) composed of tri-β-cyclic peptides was attained in response to repeated pH changes.
Planet formation around M dwarfs via disc instability
Authors: Mercer Anthony , Stamatellos Dimitris
Published: January 2020

Context. Around 30 per cent of the observed exoplanets that orbit M dwarf stars are gas giants that are more massive than Jupiter. These planets are prime candidates for formation by disc instability.

Aims. We want to determine the conditions for disc fragmentation around M dwarfs and the properties of the planets that are formed by disc instability.

Methods. We performed hydrodynamic simulations of M dwarf protostellar discs in order to determine the minimum disc mass required for gravitational fragmentation to occur. Different stellar masses, disc radii, and metallicities were considered. The mass of each protostellar disc was steadily increased until the disc fragmented and a protoplanet was formed.

Results. We find that a disc-to-star mass ratio between ~0.3 and ~0.6 is required for fragmentation to happen. The minimum mass at which a disc fragment increases with the stellar mass and the disc size. Metallicity does not significantly affect the minimum disc fragmentation mass but high metallicity may suppress fragmentation. Protoplanets form quickly (within a few thousand years) at distances around ~50 AU from the host star, and they are initially very hot; their centres have temperatures similar to the ones expected at the accretion shocks around planets formed by core accretion (up to 12 000 K). The final properties of these planets (e.g. mass and orbital radius) are determined through long-term disc-planet or planet–planet interactions.

Conclusions. Disc instability is a plausible way to form gas giant planets around M dwarfs provided that discs have at least 30% the mass of their host stars during the initial stages of their formation. Future observations of massive M dwarf discs or planets around very young M dwarfs are required to establish the importance of disc instability for planet formation around low-mass stars.
Discovery of a Sirius-like binary system with a very strongly magnetic white dwarf
Authors: Landstreet John D. , Bagnulo Stefano
Published: January 2020

Non-interacting binary systems containing a magnetic white dwarf and a main-sequence star are considered extremely rare, perhaps non-existent. In the course of a search of magnetic fields in high-mass white dwarfs we have discovered a Sirius-like wide binary system composed of a main-sequence G0 star and an M ∼ 1.1 M⊙ white dwarf with a huge (hundreds of MG) magnetic field. This star, WDS J03038+0608B, shows a circular polarisation amplitude of 5% in the continuum, with no evidence of variability on a 1 d timescale, little or no linear polarisation in the blue part of the spectrum, and about 2% linear polarisation in the red part of the optical spectrum. A search in the literature reveals the existence of four more binary systems that include a magnetic white dwarf and a non-degenerate companion; three such systems passed unremarked in previous studies. We estimate that up to a few percent of magnetic white dwarfs may be found to occur in wide binary pairs. However, at least four of the five known binary systems with a magnetic white dwarf are too widely separated to be expected to evolve into systems experiencing Roche-lobe overflow, and cannot be considered as progenitors of magnetic cataclysmic variable (AM Her and DQ Her) systems.
Numerical study on temperature field of the sandwich plate defects based on MATLAB
Authors: Zhou Ruoyang , Zha Xiaoxiong , Wang Chao
Published: January 2020

As for the defects of the plate whose length and width are more than 8 times larger than the thickness direction, the finite difference numerical calculations are carried out by using the software of MATLAB. The surface temperature of defects in different positions, different thickness defects, different heating heat flow and heating time, and defects under defects are analyzed correspondingly by the program. According to the temperature difference results of the flawless surface and the flawed surface, the feasibility of infrared thermal imaging to detect the defects of the sandwich plate is analyzed to ensure the processing quality of the sandwich plate.
Effect analysis of burial depth on seismic dynamic response of metro station structure
Authors: Huang Shuai , Lyu Yuejun , Xiu Liwei , Xu Zhen
Published: January 2020

In this article, based on the nonlinear elastic-plastic finite element model for metro station, considering the structure-soil dynamic interaction, the influence laws of the burial depth on the dynamic response and failure mode of the metro station structure under near and far-field earthquakes are studied. We found that the influence of burial depth on the deformation of the metro station may be omitted after a specific value of the burial depth. With the increasing of the burial depth, the acceleration dynamic amplification factors of the metro station structure decreses. At last, indoor shaking table test for metro station was done, through which we determined the position of initial failure and the failure mode of the metro station structure under earthquake.
Study on determination method of hydrodynamic coefficient of Marine pile foundation
Authors: Zongnan Jiang
Published: January 2020

The irregular waves are simulated by using standard spectrum. Instantaneous value method, Fourier analysis method, least square method and "harbour hydrological code" are used to determine the moment force of coefficient CM and drag coefficient CD. Then CM and CD that linearized by Borgman L.E. equation are substituted into Morison equation. The time history curve of the wave force on the pile is calculated and compared with the measured wave force data under the action of irregular wave to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of several methods to determine CM and CD. The results show that the comparison between CM and CD determined by Fourier analysis and least square method is practical.
Comparison of analytical and difference sensitivity methods for structural damage identification
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Kun
Published: January 2020

The sensitivity-based damage identification method receives much attention due to its ability to identify structural damages at element level. This paper aims to discuss the influence of two different deduction algorithms of sensitivity matrix, the analytical method and the numerical difference method, on the parameter identification results of structures with the same identification index. In order to compare the difference between the two sensitivity-based damage identification methods, the frequency-domain mode shape and the time-domain acceleration response information are used as the updating objectives, respectively. And then, the sensitivity matrices of the updating objectives to the same identification index, structural element stiffness parameters, are respectively derived based on the analytical method and the numerical difference method. Finally, a simply supported box girder bridge is used to illustrate the difference between the two sensitivity-based methods. Numerical simulations with initial model errors and measurement noise show the two types of methods both can accurately detect local damages and identify unknown initial model errors. The presence of random noise has some bad effect on the identified results of structural parameters, but the identified accuracy is still acceptable for normal noise level.
Problems and countermeasures of industrial tourism development in Liaoning Province
Authors: Ha Jing , Xing Cheng
Published: January 2020

As an old industrial base in the country, Liaoning Province has a solid industrial foundation. The development of industrial tourism in Liaoning Province can not only accelerate the promotion of new industrialization roads, but also contribute to the healthy and sustainable development of the tourism industry in Liaoning Province. This paper analyzes the obstacles and problems in the development of industrial tourism in Liaoning Province at the current stage, and proposes a series of countermeasures to promote the development of industrial tourism in Liaoning Province, which provides ideas for the development and revitalization of industrial tourism.
Comparative Study of Pile Pillared Support and Pile-anchor Retaining in Deep Pit
Authors: Wang Chengxiang , Lu Chengkun , Han Wei , Sun Hongsong , Kou Huailiang
Published: January 2020

Support pattern is the most important factor affecting the stability of foundation pit. In order to study the stable state of deep foundation pit, this paper selects pile pillared support and pile-anchor retaining which are high accident rate for comparison, and optimizes the construction scheme combined with the actual deep foundation pit project. The deformation of the supporting structure and the settlement of the foundation pit of Huiquan Square are used to analyze by FLAC3D. The variation range and trend of the internal force of the steel support and the axial force of the anchor cable are analyzed under the different values of the soil layer parameters, such as elastic modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle. The results show that the internal force of pile pillared support is greatly affected by the change of cohesion and the anchor axial force is greatly affected by the change of elastic modulus and internal friction angle. Meanwhile, the influence degree of each soil layer parameter on the internal force of support structure is different, which provides reference suggestions for the selection of support pattern of deep foundation pit.
An Optimal Two Bands Ratio Model to Monitor Chlorophyll-a in Urban Lake Using Landsat 8 Data
Authors: Chen Qi , Huang Mutao , Bai Kaiyuan , Li Xiaojuan
Published: January 2020

Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) estimation in inland waters is an essential environmental issue. This study aimed to identify a band ratio model for Chl-a simulation using Landsat 8 OLI data and in situ Chl-a measuring in Lake Donghu. The band B1and B2, respectively at the wavelength of 443 nm and 483 nm, in the band ratio model [B1/B2] performed best in Chl-a estimation with the R2 of 0.6215. K-means cluster analysis based on water quality indexes (Chl-a, pH, DO, TN, TP, COD, Turbidity) was conducted to further improve the accuracy of inversion model. The MAPE of the optimal [B1/B2] algorithm has decreased by 4.81% and 39.87% respectively for 17 December 2017 (R2=0.7669, N=42) and 26 March 2018 (R2=0.9156, N=45).
Study on Total Factor Carbon Emission Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, China
Authors: Chen Jiwen , Zou Zuxu
Published: January 2020

With the continuous acceleration of the modernization process, the Eco-environmental problems of the Yangtze River Economic Zone in China have become increasingly prominent, which makes the study of carbon emission efficiency become a long-term concern. Based on the panel data of 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Zone in 2009～2016, this paper calculates the DEA-Malmquist index of the Total Factor Carbon Emission Efficiency containing undesirable output in various provinces and cities and three major regions. By studying the DEA-Malmquist index and its decomposition, the results show that the Total Factor Carbon Emission Efficiency of various regions in the Yangtze River Economic Zone presents a growth trend, and its main contribution comes from technological progress. In the future, the emission reduction rules of the Yangtze River Economic Zone will be transformed from the traditional top-down emission reduction model to the bottom-up “independent contribution” emission reduction model.
Treatment and Disposal Technology of Surplus Sludge in Urban and Town Sewage Treatment Plant
Authors: Jia Li
Published: January 2020

with the continuous acceleration of urban and town construction, the output of urban and town sewage is also increasing. To a great extent, this promotes the technological development and capacity expansion of urban and town sewage treatment plants. In the process of sewage treatment, a lot of sludge is inevitable. However, many urban and town sewage treatment plants pay more attention to the treatment of sewage and ignore the treatment of sludge. In this way, the sludge without proper treatment can be disposed at will. In the long run, this will not only affect the surrounding environment, but also hinder the development of social economy. Therefore, the urban and town sewage treatment plant should pay enough attention to the application of surplus sludge treatment and disposal technology. In this paper, the main problems existing in the treatment and disposal technology of surplus sludge in urban and town sewage treatment plants, and the treatment and disposal technology of surplus sludge in urban and town sewage treatment plants are both explored and analyzed, hoping to contribute to the long-term development of urban and town sewage treatment plants.
Design of Multistage Air Cleaning Device for Bus
Authors: Wu Mengjie , Hu Shuang , Tang Yuheng
Published: January 2020

According to the survey, the concentration of pollutants in most buses exceeds the standard seriously, which not only reduces the comfort of passengers, but also harms the health of drivers and passengers. Therefore, it is very important to purify the air in the bus. However, there are many kinds of air pollutants in the bus, and the effect of single purification method is poor. Through the reasonable combination of activated carbon, photocatalyst and negative oxygen ions, the device can absorb and filter organic pollutants, bacteria and viruses in the air. Therefore, the device realizes the treatment of a variety of air pollutants in the bus, effectively improves the air quality in the bus, and also provides a healthy and comfortable travel environment for passengers.
Confirmation of NIKA2 investigation of the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect by using synthetic clusters of galaxies
Authors: De Petris Marco , Ruppin Florian , Sembolini Federico , Adam Remí , Baldi Anna Silvia , Cialone Giammarco , Comis Barbara , De Luca Federico , Gianfagna Giulia , Kéruzoré Florian , Macías-Pérez Juan , Mayet Frédéric , Perotto Laurence , Yepes Gustavo
Published: January 2020

The NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Large Program (SZLP) is focused on mapping the thermal SZ signal of a representative sample of selected Planck and ACT clusters spanning the redshift range 0.5 < z < 0.9. Hydrodynamical N-body simulations prove to be a powerful tool to endorse NIKA2 capabilities for estimating the impact of IntraCluster Medium (ICM) disturbances when re- covering the pressure radial profiles. For this goal we employ a subsample of objects, carefully extracted from the catalog Marenostrum MUltidark SImulations of galaxy Clusters (MUSIC), spanning equivalent redshift and mass ranges as the LPSZ. The joint analysis of real observations of the tSZ with NIKA2 and Planck enables to validate the NIKA2 pipeline and to estimate the ICM pressure profiles. Moreover, the possibility to identify a priori the dynamical state of the selected synthetic clusters allows us to verify the impact on the recovered ICM profile shapes and their scatters. Morphological analysis of maps of the Compton parameter seems to be a way to observationally segregate the sample based on the dynamical state in relaxed and disturbed synthetic clusters.
KISS: a spectrometric imager for millimetre cosmology
Authors: Fasano A. , Aguiar M. , Benoit A. , Bideaud A. , Bourrion O. , Calvo M. , Catalano A. , de Taoro A.P. , Garde G. , Gomez A. , Gomez Renasco M.F. , Goupy J. , Hoarau C. , Hoyland R. , Macías-Pérez J.F. , Marpaud J. , Monfardini A. , Pisano G. , Ponthieu N. , Rubiño Martín J.A. , Tourres D. , Tucker C. , Beelen A. , Bres G. , De Petris M. , de Bernardis P. , Lagache G. , Marton M. , Rebolo R. , Roudier S.
Published: January 2020

Clusters of galaxies are used to map the large-scale structures in the universe and as probe of universe evolution. They can be observed through the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect. In this respect the spectro-imaging at low resolution frequency is an important tool, today, for the study of cluster of galaxies. We have developed KISS (KIDs Interferometer Spectrum Survey), a spectrometric imager dedicated to the secondary anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The multi-frequency approach permits to improve the component separation with respect to predecessor experiments. In this paper, firstly, we provide a description of the scientific context and the state of the art of SZ observations. Secondly, we describe the KISS instrument. Finally, we show preliminary results of the ongoing commissioning campaign.
NOEMA complementarity with NIKA2
Authors: Lefèvre Charlène , Kramer Carsten , Neri Roberto , Berta Stefano , Schuster Karl
Published: January 2020

IRAM operates two observatories - the 30-meter Telescope on Pico Veleta in Spain and NOEMA, an interferometer of ten 15-meter antennas on Plateau de Bure in France. Both observatories allow to observe at millimeter wavelengths. Here, we aim at discussing the complementary between continuum observations with NOEMA and NIKA2 at the 30m and their role at the cutting edge of research in astronomy. In particular, we will review possible synergies of continuum studies from nearby star forming regions to high red-shift galaxies at cosmological distances.
The implementation and effect of sasi on coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) harvest products in southern Buru, Indonesia
Authors: Tuhumuri Evelin , Sancayaningsih Retno Peni , Setiaji Bambang , Usman Sunyoto
Published: January 2020

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is common plant for the Moluccan farmers to apply local wisdom in cultivation, called sasi. This study describes sasi implementation of coconut cultivation in South Buru and its effects on the quality of the coconut harvest. The research was conducted by field observation and interviews. Data were obtained from coconut trees aged 16–25 years and > 30 years. There are two common methods of cultivation through sasi, religion-based permission (local church) and traditional sasi. Both forms of sasi have different indications. On the basis of the sasi system, coconut plantations cannot be penetrated for six months (a spell prohibiting access to the crop) and harvesting only takes place after the end of the sasi period (avoiding any risk of theft of the fruit). Yields on the 16–25-years-old trees had a weight of endosperms of 243–378 g and a thickness of the coconut endosperm of 9.2–12.2 mm over the monitored 10–18 months fruit age period, each showing a bell-shaped variation with a maximum for about 13 months old fruits. Yields on > 30-years-old trees group showed the same pattern. Thus, although sasi is useful for protecting the coconut fruit before harvesting, the implementation of coconut sasi for six months ultimately decreases the quality of the crops and postpones the best harvest time. Therefore it is recommended that the implementation of coconut sasi in South Buru be adjusted with the biological timing of coconut ripening.
Dactylogyridae (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea) from the gills of Auchenipterus nuchalis (Siluriformes, Auchenipteridae) from the Tocantins River, Brazil
Authors: Cohen Simone C. , Justo Marcia C. N. , Gen Daniele V. S. , Boeger Walter A.
Published: January 2020

Two species of Cosmetocleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 (both new) and two species of Demidospermus Suriano, 1983 (one new) are reported from the gills of the catfish Auchenipterus nuchalis, popularly known as “mapará”, from the Tocantins River and tributaries, North Region of Brazil. Cosmetocleithrum berecae n. sp. differs from all other species presently known in the genus by the morphology of the anchors presenting an elongate shaft and short recurved point, a coiled male copulatory organ (MCO) with three rings, and an elongate slender accessory piece with a bifurcated distal end. Cosmetocleithrum nunani n. sp. differs from its congeners by the combination of the following features: (1) Ventral and dorsal anchors with moderately long curved shaft and short point; (2) Hooks with poorly developed thumb; (3) Hook pairs 5 and 6 similar to each other, but morphologically distinct from remaining hook pairs; and (4) MCO coiled, with approximately 1.5 rings. Demidospermus tocantinensis n. sp. is easily distinguished from other species of the genus by presenting an inverted-G-shaped MCO with a median knee-like expansion. Demidospermus osteomystax Tavernari, Takemoto, Lacerda & Pavanelli, 2010 is redescribed based on paratypes and specimens from the gills of A. nuchalis from the Tocantins River, a new host and locality records for this species. The monotypic Paracosmetocleithrum Acosta, Scholz, Blasco-Costa, Alves & Silva, 2017, the only other Neotropical genus reported in siluriforms besides Cosmetocleithrum with species presenting two ribbon-like projections on the posterior margin of the dorsal bar, is considered a junior subjective synonym of Cosmetocleithrum.
Prediction of Solar Proton Event Fluence spectra from their Peak flux spectra
Authors: Aminalragia-Giamini Sigiava , Jiggens Piers , Anastasiadis Anastasios , Sandberg Ingmar , Aran Angels , Vainio Rami , Papadimitriou Constantinos , Papaioannou Athanasios , Tsigkanos Antonis , Paouris Evangelos , Vasalos Georgios , Paassilta Miikka , Dierckxsens Mark
Published: January 2020

Solar Proton Events (SPEs) are of great importance and significance for the study of Space Weather and Heliophysics. These populations of protons are accelerated at high energies ranging from a few MeVs to hundreds of MeVs and can pose a significant hazard both to equipment on board spacecrafts as well as astronauts as they are ionizing radiation. The ongoing study of SPEs can help to understand their characteristics, relative underlying physical mechanisms, and help in the design of forecasting and nowcasting systems which provide warnings and predictions. In this work, we present a study on the relationships between the Peak Flux and Fluence spectra of SPEs. This study builds upon existing work and provides further insights into the characteristics and the relationships of SPE Peak flux and Fluence spectra. Moreover it is shown how these relationships can be quantified in a sound manner and exploited in a simple methodology with which the Fluence spectrum of an SPE can be well predicted from its given Peak spectrum across two orders of magnitude of proton energies, from 5 MeV to 200 MeV. Finally it is discussed how the methodology in this work can be easily applied to forecasting and nowcasting systems.
Der ältere Handpatient
Authors: Groth Rebecca
Published: January 2020

Die Handanatomie verändert sich mit den Lebensjahren eines Menschen kaum. Mit dem Alterungsprozess durchläuft der Körper aber physiologische Prozesse, durch die sich die Beschaffenheit von Muskeln, Bindegewebe und Knorpel anpasst. Diese Strukturveränderungen müssen neben der Alterung des körpereigenen Stoffwechsels und der neuronalen Ansteuerung in der Behandlung der geriatrischen Hand Berücksichtigung finden.
Die Arzneibeziehung zwischen Causticum und Arsenicum album
Authors: Gerstenhöfer Anna
Published: January 2020

Anhand der Behandlung einer Patientin mit Parkinson-Syndrom und gastrointestinalen Störungen wird die Arzneibeziehung zwischen Causticum und Arsenicum album dargestellt. Auf dieser Basis folgen allgemeine Überlegungen zur Bedeutung von Arzneibeziehungen. In der Literatur finden sich keine klaren Begriffsdefinitionen auf diesem Gebiet. Zwischenmittel sind häufig dann angezeigt, wenn sich chronische Infektionskrankheiten oder deren Folgezustände durch für sie typische Symptome bemerkbar machen. Möglicherweise ist im vorliegenden Fall Arsenicum album als spezifisches Mittel zur Behandlung eines spezifischen pathologischen Darmkeimes zu sehen. Jüngere Erkenntnisse weisen auf einen kausalen Zusammenhang zwischen intestinaler Dysbiose und der Entwicklung eines Parkinson-Syndroms hin.
Computed Tomographic Assessment of Block Recession Trochleoplasty and Partial Parasagittal Patellectomy in Cats
Authors: Brioschi Valentina , Rutherford Lynda , Newell Karin , Trotter Caroline , Arthurs Gareth I.
Published: January 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to assess computed tomography (CT) images of cadaveric feline stifles and record the relationship between the patella and femoral trochlea in normal stifles; then to investigate the effect of block recession trochleoplasty (BRT) with and without partial parasagittal patellectomy (PPP) on patellofemoral contact, depth of patellar recession and size of trochlea and patella.

Materials and Methods The sample population included six cat cadavers (12 stifles). Preoperative CT scans with stifles in three positions: extended (155–165°), neutral (85–95°) and flexed (35–45°). Lateral stifle arthrotomy was followed by BRT. CT scans were taken as above. PPP was performed so the width of the patella was 1 mm narrower than the BRT. CT scans were repeated and CT measurements were taken.

Results The area of contact between the patella and femoral trochlea was significantly reduced after BRT and then significantly increased after PPP. The depth of patellar recession was unchanged after BRT, but then was significantly higher after PPP. The patella was wider than the trochlea preoperatively and post-BRT and narrower post-PPP. Reduction in bone volume following PPP (mean: 20%) was 50% the reduction in patella width (mean: 40%).

Conclusion Block recession trochleoplasty did not improve patellar recession and decreased patellofemoral contact area. Following BRT, the patella rides the trochlear ridges and loses contact with the trochlear sulcus. Block recession trochleoplasty alone should not be performed in cats. Instead, BRT should be combined with PPP.
Regulation of Pregnancy: Evidence for Major Roles by the Uterine and Placental Kisspeptin/KISS1R Signaling Systems
Authors: Radovick Sally , Babwah Andy V.
Published: January 2020

Several studies provide strong evidence suggesting that in addition to central kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling, the peripheral uterine- and placental-based kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling systems are major regulators of pregnancy. Specifically, the evidence suggests that the uterine-based system regulates embryo implantation and decidualization, while both the uterine- and placental-based systems regulate placentation. Uterine kisspeptin and KISS1R regulate embryo implantation by controlling the availability of endometrial glandular secretions, like leukemia inhibitory factor, which are essential for embryo adhesion to the uterine epithelium. As for decidualization, the data suggest that decidualized stromal cells express KISS1R and secrete kisspeptin-inhibiting decidual cell motility and thereby indirectly regulate embryo and placental invasion of the uterus. Similarly, for placentation, placental kisspeptin and KISS1R negatively regulate extravillous trophoblast migration and invasion and thereby directly control placental invasion of the uterus. Having recognized a significant role for the uterine- and placental-based kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling systems regulating pregnancy, the future looks promising for the development of kisspeptin and KISS1R as prognostic and diagnostic markers of pregnancy disorders and the use of kisspeptin as a therapeutic agent in the prevention and treatment of conditions such as recurring implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss, and preeclampsia.
The effect of thermal mismatch on the thermal conductance of Al/SiC and Cu/diamond composites
Authors: Sun Zhibo , Tian Zhuoran , Weng Lin , Liu Yue , Zhang Jingjing , Fan Tongxiang
Published: January 2020

Thermal mismatch at the interface is inevitable in the manufacturing process of metal matrix composites. The relationship between strain and thermal conductivity of metal is obtained. The plastic strain region caused by thermal mismatch and its effect on thermal conductance of Al/SiC and Cu/diamond are acquired and discussed using the finite element method. It is found that the average strain is independent of particle size and proportional to the ratio of particle radius to distance. The strain will affect the thermal conductivity of composites in two ways. One is to decrease the effective thermal conductivity of matrix, which is more significant for the Al/SiC system than the Cu/diamond system, but it has a relatively small impact on the thermal conductivity of composites. The other is to reduce the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) by weakening interfacial bonding and scattering phonon transport, making the effective thermal conductivity of reinforcement and thermal conductivity of composites decrease, which has a bigger impact on composites with high thermal conductance reinforcements. The results also show that there is an increase of thermal conductivity of composites with ITC in a specific region determined by particle size, and the composite reinforced with large particles has a higher thermal conductivity at low ITC because of the low density of interface. Our work is important for understanding the effect of thermal mismatch on thermal conductance of metal matrix composites and provides a way to bridge the relationship between mechanical behavior and physical properties.
Quantitative electrostatic force measurement and characterization based on oscillation amplitude using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wang Kesheng , Lu Yijia , Cheng Jia , Zhu Xiaoying , Ji Linhong
Published: January 2020

Measurement of electrostatic force at the micro-/nanoscale has a great scientific value and engineering significance. This paper develops a new determination method of electrostatic forces based on Kelvin probe force mode in atomic force microscopy (AFM). Applying DC voltage and AC voltage simultaneously, we measured the oscillation amplitudes of the probe at two specific frequencies. By the equivalent parallel-plate capacitor model and the vibration theory, we established quantitative relationship between electrostatic force and AFM raw data, and derived a complete and practical formula for calculating electrostatic force. Then, the fundamental characteristics of electrostatic force with time were revealed, and the changes of all components of electrostatic force with tip–sample distance and applied AC peak voltage were discussed in detail. The regulation effects of the distance and the voltage on the total electrostatic force were also compared. Furthermore, we pointed out the main advantages and disadvantages of this method and stated the applicable conditions of the conclusions according to the experimental results and theoretical analysis.
“A collective fixation of meaning”
Authors: Brentari Carlo
Published: January 2020

The present contribution aims at offering an exposition and a critical evaluation of the philosophical-anthropological theory of the origin of language developed by the American philosopher Susanne K. Langer (1895–1985). Langer’s theory traces human language and, in particular, its denotative and communicative functions, back to the expressive vocal utterances of the pre-human beings from which humanity would have derived. In her inquiry, Langer refers in particular to the article “The festal origin of the human speech” (1891–92), written by the psychologist J. Donovan. In his study, Donovan outlines a possible scenario of the birth of language out from pre-linguistic utterances: the spontaneous gatherings that hominids would have dedicated to emotionally relevant events and objects (the death of a conspecific, a killed predator or enemy). Langer refers to Donovan’s study (which she considers as a sort of fecund thought experiment) in order to highlight some basic anthropological, evolutionary, and semiotic requisites that a plausible theory on the origin of language has to fulfil. Langer’s own proposal for such a theory bases on the assumption that the functions of language (expression, denotation, communication) are separately conveyed by the different elements of the ritual situation: collective vocalizations, the festal objects themselves, and the inner images that individuals retain of the ritual experience. In its final part, the paper includes an evaluation of Langer’s theory, in particular of its semiotic and anthropological-philosophical relevance among the contributions that support (at least partially, as we will see) the thesis of the social origin of language.
The TV addresses of the Swiss government before popular votes
Authors: Schröter Juliane M.
Published: January 2020

This paper analyzes an important genre in the public debates before popular votes in Switzerland: the TV addresses in which the Swiss government presents its standpoint and main arguments for or against the proposal put to the vote. The paper investigates a series of addresses in order to characterize the argumentation in them. The question is whether the addresses show similarities and, if there are any, what their pragmatic effects on the argumentation might be. The addresses are studied with concepts and methods from linguistics and argumentation theory: with regard to the role of the non-verbal modes, the composition, the relation between argumentation and other practices, the argumentative macro- and micro-structure, and personal references. In all these aspects, recurrent features can be identified. Many of these features can be understood as highly functional for the Swiss political system with its far-reaching direct democratic rights. They effectuate an argumentation that is rather informative than confrontational.
The training induced increase in whole‐body peak fat oxidation rate may be attenuated with aging
Authors: Frandsen Jacob , Beck Thomas , Langkilde Cæcilie Haugaard , Larsen Steen , Dela Flemming , Helge Jørn W.
Published: January 2020

An attenuated ability to appropriately oxidize fat (metabolic inflexibility) has been associated with the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have found that regular exercise training increases the body's ability to oxidize fat during exercise, but also shown that fat oxidation at the same relative and absolute exercise intensity is lower in old compared with young adults. Based on these studies we investigated the effect of training status on the whole‐body peak fat oxidation rate (PFO) during exercise in young and middle‐aged trained and untrained men. We hypothesized that aging was associated with decreased PFO, but regular exercise training could counteract this decline. 36 healthy non‐overweight young and middle‐aged men were recruited into a four groups: young (27 [24–30] yrs, (Mean [95% CI])) untrained (⩒O2peak: 47 [44–49] ml/min/kg), young (28 [26–30] yrs) trained (⩒O2peak: 64 [62–67] ml/min/kg), middle‐aged (55 [53–57] yrs) untrained (⩒O2peak: 37 [32–42] ml/min/kg) and middle‐aged (54 [51–57] yrs) trained (⩒O2peak: 55 [51–58] ml/min/kg). PFO was measured by indirect calorimetry while subjects performed a validated incremental exercise protocol on a cycle ergometer. Whole‐body peak fat oxidation rate was higher in the young trained compared to young untrained subjects (0.70 [0.65–0.75] vs.0.45 [0.36–0.54] g/min, post‐hoc: p < 0.001); however, this training effect was attenuated in middle‐aged trained and untrained subjects (0.44 [0.38–0.50] vs. 0.41 [0.35–0.47] g/min, post‐hoc: p = 0.83, respectively). In summary, these findings suggest that the training induced effects on whole‐body fat oxidation found in young men may be attenuated in middle‐aged men.
Hepatitis A virus structural protein pX interacts with ALIX and promotes the secretion of virions and foreign proteins through exosome‐like vesicles
Authors: Jiang Wang , Ma Pengjuan , Deng Libin , Liu Zhi , Wang Xu , Liu Xiyu , Long Gang
Published: January 2020

Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a classic nonenveloped virus, has recently been found to be released mainly in the form of quasi‐enveloped HAV (eHAV) by hijacking host endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) complexes. Unlike the nonenveloped virion, eHAV contains the viral protein pX on the surface of the HAV capsid as an extension of VP1. How HAV capsids acquire the host envelope and whether the pX protein is involved in this process were previously unknown. Here, we analyse the role of pX in foreign protein secretion in exosome‐like extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the formation of eHAV. Fusion of pX to eGFP guided eGFP into exosome‐like EVs through directing eGFP into multivesicular bodies (MVBs), and apoptosis‐linked gene 2‐interacting protein X (ALIX) release was significantly enhanced. Coimmunoprecipitation (co‐IP) demonstrated the interaction between pX and the ALIX V domain. Removal of the C‐terminal half of pX abolished eHAV release and reduced the interaction between the HAV virion and ALIX. Finally, the C‐terminal half of pX alone was sufficient for loading eGFP into EVs by interacting with ALIX. In conclusion, the C‐terminal part of pX is important for eHAV production and may have potential for large protein complex loading into exosome‐like EVs for therapeutic purposes.
Discrete time-crystalline order in Bose–Hubbard model with dissipation
Authors: Dai C M , Gu Z C , Yi X X
Published: January 2020

Periodically driven quantum systems manifest various non-equilibrium features which are absent at equilibrium. For example, discrete time-translation symmetry can be broken in periodically driven quantum systems leading to an exotic phase of matter, called discrete time crystal (DTC). For open quantum systems, previous studies showed that DTC can be found only when there exists a meta-stable state in the undriven system. However, by investigating the simplest Bose–Hubbard model with dissipation and time periodically tunneling, we find in this paper that a 2T DTC can appear even when the meta-stable state is absent in the undriven system. This observation extends the understanding of DTC and shed more light on the physics behind the DTC. Besides, by the detailed analysis of simplest two-sites model, we show further that the two-sites model can be used as basic building blocks to construct large rings in which a nT DTC might appear. These results might find applications into engineering exotic phases in driven open quantum systems.
Alleviating oscillatory approximate-kernel solutions for cylindrical antennas embedded in a conducting medium: a numerical and asymptotic study
Authors: Mavrogordatos Th K , Mystilidis C , Papakanellos P J , Fikioris G
Published: January 2020

We alleviate the unnatural oscillations occurring in the current distribution along a linear cylindrical antenna center-driven by a delta-function generator and embedded in a conducting medium. The intensely fluctuating current arises as a small-z
0 asymptotic (or numerical) solution of the classical integral equations of antenna theory, for a cylindrical dipole of infinite (or finite) length, where z
0 is the discretization length. To alleviate the oscillations, we employ an appropriate effective current further to the recent remedy of oscillations attained for a perfectly conducting linear cylindrical antenna of finite length for the case where the surrounding medium is free space. We derive asymptotic formulas for the infinite antenna, which are then put to numerical test. Furthermore, we point to the physical significance of the effective current whose function transcends a mere computational device.