bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequencing of Historical Isolates, K-mer Mining and High Serological Cross-Reactivity with Ross River Virus Argue against the Presence of Getah Virus in Australia
Authors: Rawle Daniel J. , Nguyen Wilson , Dumenil Troy , Parry Rhys , Warrilow David , Tang Bing , Le Thuy T. , Slonchak Andrii , Khromykh Alexander A. , Lutzky Viviana P. , Yan Kexin , Suhrbier Andreas
Published: October 2020

Getah virus (GETV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus primarily associated with disease in horses and pigs in Asia. GETV was also reported to have been isolated from mosquitoes in Australia in 1961; however, retrieval and sequencing of the original isolates (N544 and N554), illustrated that these viruses were virtually identical to the 1955 GETVMM2021 isolate from Malaysia. K-mer mining of the >40,000 terabases of sequence data in the Sequence Read Archive followed by BLASTn confirmation identified multiple GETV sequences in biosamples from Asia (often as contaminants), but not in biosamples from Australia. In contrast, sequence reads aligning to the Australian Ross River virus (RRV) were readily identified in Australian biosamples. To explore the serological relationship between GETV and other alphaviruses, an adult wild-type mouse model of GETV was established. High levels of cross-reactivity and cross-protection were evident for convalescent sera from mice infected with GETV or RRV, highlighting the difficulties associated with the interpretation of early serosurveys reporting GETV antibodies in Australian cattle and pigs. The evidence that GETV circulates in Australia is thus not compelling.
Inactivation of Multi-Drug Resistant Non-Typhoidal Salmonella and Wild-Type Escherichia coli STEC Using Organic Acids: A Potential Alternative to the Food Industry
Authors: Castro Vinicius Silva , Mutz Yhan da Silva , Rosario Denes Kaic Alves , Cunha-Neto Adelino , Figueiredo Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza , Conte-Junior Carlos Adam
Published: October 2020

Salmonella and Escherichia coli are the main bacterial species involved in food outbreaks worldwide. Recent reports showed that chemical sanitizers commonly used to control these pathogens could induce antibiotic resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the efficiency of chemical sanitizers and organic acids when inactivating wild and clinical strains of Salmonella and E. coli, targeting a 4-log reduction. To achieve this goal, three methods were applied. (i) Disk-diffusion challenge for organic acids. (ii) Determination of MIC for two acids (acetic and lactic), as well as two sanitizers (quaternary compound and sodium hypochlorite). (iii) The development of inactivation models from the previously defined concentrations. In disk-diffusion, the results indicated that wild strains have higher resistance potential when compared to clinical strains. Regarding the models, quaternary ammonium and lactic acid showed a linear pattern of inactivation, while sodium hypochlorite had a linear pattern with tail dispersion, and acetic acid has Weibull dispersion to E. coli. The concentration to 4-log reduction differed from Salmonella and E. coli in acetic acid and sodium hypochlorite. The use of organic acids is an alternative method for antimicrobial control. Our study indicates the levels of organic acids and sanitizers to be used in the inactivation of emerging foodborne pathogens.
Establishment and Preliminary Application of the Forward Modeling Method for Doppler Spectral Density of Ice Particles
Authors: Ding Han , Liu Liping
Published: October 2020

Owing to the various shapes of ice particles, the relationships between fall velocity, backscattering cross-section, mass, and particle size are complicated. This affects the application of cloud radar Doppler spectral density data in the retrieval of the microphysical properties of ice crystals. In this study, under the assumption of six particle shape types, the relationships between particle mass, fall velocity, backscattering cross-section, and particle size were established based on existing research. Variations of Doppler spectral density with the same particle size distribution (PSD) of different ice particle types are discussed. The radar-retrieved liquid and ice PSDs, water content, and mean volume-weighted particle diameter were compared with airborne in situ observations in the Xingtai, Hebei Province, China, in 2018. The results showed the following. (1) For the particles with the same equivalent diameter (De), the fall velocity of the aggregates was the largest, followed by hexagonal columns, hexagonal plates, sector plates, and stellar crystals, with the ice spheres falling two to three times faster than ice crystals with the same De. Hexagonal columns had the largest backscattering cross-section, followed by stellar crystals and sector plates, and the backscattering cross-sections of hexagonal plates and the two types of aggregates were very close to those of ice spheres. (2) The width of the simulated radar Doppler spectral density generated by various ice crystal types with the same PSD was mainly affected by the particle’s falling velocity, which increased with the particle size. Turbulence had different degrees of influence on the Doppler spectrum of different ice crystals, and it also brought large errors to the PSD retrieval. (3) PSD comparisons showed that each ice crystal type retrieved from the cloud radar corresponded well to aircraft observations within a certain scale range, when assuming that only a certain type of ice crystals existed in the cloud, which could fully prove the feasibility of retrieving ice PSDs from the reflectivity spectral density.
Editorial for Special Issue “Digital Mapping in Dynamic Environments”
Authors: Malone Brendan , Minasny Budiman
Published: October 2020

It is widely acknowledged that the global stock of soil and environmental resources are diminishing and under threat. This issue stems from current and historical unsustainable management practices, leading to degraded landscapes, which is further compounded by increased pressures upon them from ever-increasing anthropogenic activities. To curb the trajectory toward a collapse of our ecosystems, systematic ways are needed to assess the condition of our natural resources, how much they might have changed, and to what extent this might impact on the life sustaining functions we derive from our environment and the extent of our food producing systems. Some solutions to these issues come in the form of measurement, mapping and monitoring technology, which facilitates powerful ways in which to be informed about and to understand and assess the condition of our landscapes so that they can be managed strategically or simply improved. This Special Issue showcases from several locations across the globe, detailed examples of what is achievable at the convergence of big data brought about by remote and proximal sensing platforms, advanced statistical modelling and computing infrastructure to understand and monitor our ecosystems better. These utilities not only provide high-resolution abilities to map the extent and changes to our food producing systems, they also have yielded new ways to determine land-use and climate effects on the fate of soil carbon across living generations and to identify hydrological risk strategies in otherwise data-poor urban environments. Leveraging the availability of remote sensing data is telling, but the papers in this Special Issue also highlight the sophistication of modelling capabilities to deliver not only highly detailed maps of temporal dynamic soil phenomena but ways to draw new inferences from sparse and disparate model input data. The challenges of restoring our ecosystems are immense and sobering. However, we are well equipped and capable of confronting these pervasive issues in objective and data-informed ways that have previously never been possible.
UAV Framework for Autonomous Onboard Navigation and People/Object Detection in Cluttered Indoor Environments
Authors: Sandino Juan , Vanegas Fernando , Maire Frederic , Caccetta Peter , Sanderson Conrad , Gonzalez Felipe
Published: October 2020

Response efforts in emergency applications such as border protection, humanitarian relief and disaster monitoring have improved with the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), which provide a flexibly deployed eye in the sky. These efforts have been further improved with advances in autonomous behaviours such as obstacle avoidance, take-off, landing, hovering and waypoint flight modes. However, most UAVs lack autonomous decision making for navigating in complex environments. This limitation creates a reliance on ground control stations to UAVs and, therefore, on their communication systems. The challenge is even more complex in indoor flight operations, where the strength of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals is absent or weak and compromises aircraft behaviour. This paper proposes a UAV framework for autonomous navigation to address uncertainty and partial observability from imperfect sensor readings in cluttered indoor scenarios. The framework design allocates the computing processes onboard the flight controller and companion computer of the UAV, allowing it to explore dangerous indoor areas without the supervision and physical presence of the human operator. The system is illustrated under a Search and Rescue (SAR) scenario to detect and locate victims inside a simulated office building. The navigation problem is modelled as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) and solved in real time through the Augmented Belief Trees (ABT) algorithm. Data is collected using Hardware in the Loop (HIL) simulations and real flight tests. Experimental results show the robustness of the proposed framework to detect victims at various levels of location uncertainty. The proposed system ensures personal safety by letting the UAV to explore dangerous environments without the intervention of the human operator.
Effect of Saline Soil Cracks on Satellite Spectral Inversion Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Dong Xiancong , Li Xiaojie , Zheng Xingming , Jiang Tao , Li Xiaofeng
Published: October 2020

The dehydration cracking of saline soil is a kind of common natural phenomenon, and the cracks of saline soil will affect the satellite spectrum, and then affect the accuracy of satellite spectral inversion of electrical conductivity (EC). This study introduces the concept of crack rate (CR) to describe the crack information of saline soil, and quantifies the influence of saline soil crack on the EC of satellite spectral inversion. In 2014 and 2020, the satellite-ground synchronous observation experiments of soda-type inland saline soil and coastal chlorinated-type saline soil were carried out, and the CR of surface cracked saline soil was extracted by an image processing algorithm. For the saline soil spectrum data, the correlation analysis method is used to establish the best band combination that characterizes the relationship between the different saline soil spectrum data and salinity, and the EC inversion model is established using the BP neural network method. The results show that: after the CR is introduced, the determination coefficient (R2) for the EC of soda-type saline soil satellite spectral inversion increased from 0.59 to 0.67, with an increase of 14.42%, and the mean square error (MSE) reduced from 0.20 to 0.16, with a decrease of 19.49%. The R2 for the EC of coastal chlorinated-type saline soil satellite spectral inversion increased from 0.64 to 0.75, an increase of 17.73%, and the MSE decreased from 0.16 to 0.12, a decrease of 25.15%. The study proved the influence of the cracks in the saline soil on the satellite spectrum and provided a new way to improve the accuracy of the satellite spectrum inversion of the EC of the cracked saline soil.
Estimation of Nitrogen in Rice Crops from UAV-Captured Images
Authors: Colorado Julian D. , Cera-Bornacelli Natalia , Caldas Juan S. , Petro Eliel , Rebolledo Maria C. , Cuellar David , Calderon Francisco , Mondragon Ivan F. , Jaramillo-Botero Andres
Published: October 2020

Leaf nitrogen (N) directly correlates to chlorophyll production, affecting crop growth and yield. Farmers use soil plant analysis development (SPAD) devices to calculate the amount of chlorophyll present in plants. However, monitoring large-scale crops using SPAD is prohibitively time-consuming and demanding. This paper presents an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) solution for estimating leaf N content in rice crops, from multispectral imagery. Our contribution is twofold: (i) a novel trajectory control strategy to reduce the angular wind-induced perturbations that affect image sampling accuracy during UAV flight, and (ii) machine learning models to estimate the canopy N via vegetation indices (VIs) obtained from the aerial imagery. This approach integrates an image processing algorithm using the GrabCut segmentation method with a guided filtering refinement process, to calculate the VIs according to the plots of interest. Three machine learning methods based on multivariable linear regressions (MLR), support vector machines (SVM), and neural networks (NN), were applied and compared through the entire phonological cycle of the crop: vegetative (V), reproductive (R), and ripening (Ri). Correlations were obtained by comparing our methods against an assembled ground-truth of SPAD measurements. The higher N correlations were achieved with NN: 0.98 (V), 0.94 (R), and 0.89 (Ri). We claim that the proposed UAV stabilization control algorithm significantly improves on the N-to-SPAD correlations by minimizing wind perturbations in real-time and reducing the need for offline image corrections.
Error-Robust Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection Based on an Average Common Feature Extraction Technique
Authors: Abreu Maranhão João Paulo , Carvalho Lustosa da Costa João Paulo , Pignaton de Freitas Edison , Javidi Elnaz , Timóteo de Sousa Júnior Rafael
Published: October 2020

In recent years, advanced threats against Cyber–Physical Systems (CPSs), such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, are increasing. Furthermore, traditional machine learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) often fail to efficiently detect such attacks when corrupted datasets are used for IDS training. To face these challenges, this paper proposes a novel error-robust multidimensional technique for DDoS attack detection. By applying the well-known Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD), initially, the average value of the common features among instances is filtered out from the dataset. Next, the filtered data are forwarded to machine learning classification algorithms in which traffic information is classified as a legitimate or a DDoS attack. In terms of results, the proposed scheme outperforms traditional low-rank approximation techniques, presenting an accuracy of 98.94%, detection rate of 97.70% and false alarm rate of 4.35% for a dataset corruption level of 30% with a random forest algorithm applied for classification. In addition, for error-free conditions, it is found that the proposed approach outperforms other related works, showing accuracy, detection rate and false alarm rate of 99.87%, 99.86% and 0.16%, respectively, for the gradient boosting classifier.
Multi Beam Dielectric Lens Antenna for 5G Base Station
Authors: Ansarudin Farizah , Abd Rahman Tharek , Yamada Yoshihide , Rahman Nurul Huda Abd , Kamardin Kamilia
Published: October 2020

In the 5G mobile system, new features such as millimetre wave operation, small cell size and multi beam are requested at base stations. At millimetre wave, the base station antennas become very small in size, which is about 30 cm; thus, dielectric lens antennas that have excellent multi beam radiation pattern performance are suitable candidates. For base station application, the lens antennas with small thickness and small curvature are requested for light weight and ease of installation. In this paper, a new lens shaping method for thin and small lens curvature is proposed. In order to develop the thin lens antenna, comparisons of antenna structures with conventional aperture distribution lens and Abbe’s sine lens are made. Moreover, multi beam radiation pattern of three types of lenses are compared. As a result, the thin and small curvature of the proposed lens and an excellent multi beam radiation pattern are ensured.
CT-RPL: Cluster Tree Based Routing Protocol to Maximize the Lifetime of Internet of Things
Authors: Sankar Sennan , Ramasubbareddy Somula , Luhach Ashish Kr. , Nayyar Anand , Qureshi Basit
Published: October 2020

Energy conservation is one of the most critical challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices are incredibly resource-constrained and possess miniature power sources, small memory, and limited processing ability. Clustering is a popular method to avoid duplicate data transfer from the participant node to the destination. The selection of the cluster head (CH) plays a crucial role in gathering and aggregating the data from the cluster members and forwarding the data to the sink node. The inefficient CH selection causes packet failures during the data transfer and early battery depletion nearer to the sink. This paper proposes a cluster tree-based routing protocol (CT-RPL) to increase the life span of the network and avoid the data traffic among the network nodes. The CT-RPL involves three processes, namely cluster formation, cluster head selection, and route establishment. The cluster is formed based on the Euclidean distance. The CH selection is accomplished using a game theoretic approach. Finally, the route is established using the metrics residual energy ratio (RER), queue utilization (QU), and expected transmission count (ETX). The simulation is carried out by using a COOJA simulator. The efficiency of a CT-RPL is compared with the Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) and energy-efficient heterogeneous ring clustering routing (E2HRC-RPL), which reduces the traffic load and decreases the packet loss ratio. Thus, the CT-RPL enhances the lifetime of the network by 30–40% and the packet delivery ratio by 5–10%.
Understanding Fake News Consumption: A Review
Authors: Baptista João Pedro , Gradim Anabela
Published: October 2020

Combating the spread of fake news remains a difficult problem. For this reason, it is increasingly urgent to understand the phenomenon of fake news. This review aims to see why fake news is widely shared on social media and why some people believe it. The presentation of its structure (from the images chosen, the format of the titles and the language used in the text) can explain the reasons for going viral and what factors are associated with the belief in fake news. We show that fake news explores all possible aspects to attract the reader’s attention, from the formation of the title to the language used throughout the body of the text. The proliferation and success of fake news are associated with its characteristics (more surreal, exaggerated, impressive, emotional, persuasive, clickbait, shocking images), which seem to be strategically thought out and exploited by the creators of fake news. This review shows that fake news continues to be widely shared and consumed because that is the main objective of its creators. Although some studies do not support these correlations, it appears that conservatives, right-wing people, the elderly and less educated people are more likely to believe and spread fake news.
Does Human Resource Investment for Internal Control System Enhance Future Cash Flow Predictability?
Authors: Lee Jaehong , Kim Suyon
Published: October 2020

Generating positive long-term cash flow is vital for a firm’s sustainability. In this paper, we consider the earnings in the forecasting of future cash flow from a human resource investment of an internal control system. Using the firms listed in the Korea Stock Exchange market from 2014 to 2018, we find that the current earnings are the components of cash flow forecasting, and this relationship is genuine in a firm equipped with sufficient internal control personnel and their experiences. These findings indicate that earnings are reliable when forecasting future cash flow for a firm with a well-operated foundation.
Evaluating Cost Trade-Offs between Hydropower and Fish Passage Mitigation
Authors: Venus Terese E. , Smialek Nicole , Pander Joachim , Harby Atle , Geist Juergen
Published: October 2020

To promote the sustainable management of hydropower, decision makers require information about cost trade-offs between the restoration of fish passage and hydropower production. We provide a systematic overview of the construction, operational, monitoring, and power loss costs associated with upstream and downstream fish passage measures in the European context. When comparing the total costs of upstream measures across different electricity price scenarios, nature-like solutions (67–88 EUR/kW) tend to cost less than technical solutions (201–287 EUR/kW) on average. Furthermore, nature-like fish passes incur fewer power losses and provide habitat in addition to facilitating fish passage, which presents a strong argument for supporting their development. When evaluating different cost categories of fish passage measures across different electricity price scenarios, construction (45–87%) accounts for the largest share compared to operation (0–1.2%) and power losses (11–54%). However, under a high electricity price scenario, power losses exceed construction costs for technical fish passes. Finally, there tends to be limited information on operational, power loss, and monitoring costs associated with passage measures. Thus, we recommend that policy makers standardize monitoring and reporting of hydraulic, structural, and biological parameters as well as costs in a more detailed manner.
Assessment of Anthropogenic Sources of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil from Arable Land Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Random Forest Analysis
Authors: Huang He , Zhou Yong , Liu Yujie , Li Ke , Xiao Liang , Li Mengyao , Tian Yang , Wu Fei
Published: October 2020

In order to study the spatial distribution and anthropogenic sources of potentially toxic elements in Xiangzhou, soil samples were collected from arable land and were analyzed for five different potentially toxic elements: Cd, Hg, As, Pb, and Cr. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) was used to study the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements in the soil, while principal component analysis (PCA) and random forest analysis (RFA) were applied to examine the anthropogenic sources. It was shown that the combination of multiple analysis tools provides an effective way of delineating multiple potentially toxic elements from anthropogenic sources. The results showed that the average contents of Cd, Hg, and Cr in soils were lower than the background values of Hubei, whereas the average concentrations of As and Pb in soils were higher than the background values of Hubei. Through PCA, it was concluded that human activities contributed more than 60% of the As, Pb, and Cr concentrations in Xiangzhou soils, which was verified by a random forest simulation methodology. Through random forest analysis, Pb, As, and Cr in the soil were found to originate from factories and enterprises, livestock farms, mining areas, and traffic; Cd in the soil was found to originate from mining and the processing of minerals, human production and construction activities, and agricultural irrigation; and Hg in the soil was found to originate from livestock manure, mining and processing of minerals, and human industrial production. The results of this study could provide support for better management of soil pollution through prevention practices such as specific industrial governance and layout optimization.
Optimization of Stabilizing Systems in Protection of Cultural Heritage: The Case of the Historical Retaining Wall in the Wisłoujście Fortress
Authors: Chudoba Piotr , Przewłócki Jarosław , Samól Piotr , Zabuski Lesław
Published: October 2020

The aim of the paper is to propose new quantitative criteria for selecting the optimal method of securing and repairing a historical object, which take into account Structural, Conservation and Architectural aspects (the S–C–A method). Construction works on cultural heritage sites tend to be challenging and require an interdisciplinary approach. Therefore, they are strictly related to the philosophy of sustainable development which seeks adequate proportions between factors indicated on the natural and social environment. Optimization of several systems stabilizing retaining structure that are a historic object was considered in the paper. Appropriate formulas for scores meeting additional conservation and aesthetic requirements were proposed. The method is used in the stabilization of the brick retaining wall, a part of the Wisłoujście Fortress located in Gdańsk, Poland. In order to compute the displacement of the wall and its stability, numerical analysis was performed by the two-dimensional explicit Finite Difference Method (using the FLAC2D software). The algorithm proposed could be beneficial to the protection of cultural heritage since it could also be applied to other structures, such as roof trusses, masonry walls, pillars, etc.
Results of studies of the coastal zone of Lake Ladoga in the area of Valaam Archipelago (1998–2019) at RSHU
Authors: Stepanova A.B. , Voyakina E.Yu. , Babin A.V. , Zueva N.V. , Zuev Yu.A.
Published: October 2020

Ecological monitoring data of pelagic communities and environmental factors for the coastal zone of the Valaam archipelago and also littoral and sublittoral samples analyses of contrasting hydrological conditions zones are generalized. Values ranges of the focused parameters have been identified for the unique coastal zone of Lake Ladoga with a significant biotopes diversity over than 20 years of research. Phyto- and
zooplankton abundance relatively high indices are characteristic of water area closed from wind and wave mixing. This area is characterized by an active vegetation period of macrophytes and highly productive macrozoobenthos formation. According to the open water area temperature (conducted since 2013) continuous data (logger) observations, a significant average monthly temperature values interannual variability is shown, warm period duration with a surface water horizon temperature value more than 10 °C is equal
to 100 days. In shallow closed areas, zooplankton biomass values differ strongly from another parts of the water area. However, in some cases, extremely high values of phytoplankton biomass (up to 29.5 mg / l) were observed in Lake Ladoga open areas, associated mostly with surges. In general, the phyto- and zooplankton biomass in the Valaam archipelago open areas coastal zone is comparable with the data for
the northern Lake Ladoga deep-water area, for the closed areas biomass has been lower than the published earlier data for the coastal zone of the lake. Plankton quantitative development interannual differences are caused by the hydrological conditions of specific years. Despite the relatively small coastal zone area and
macrophytesmosaic distribution, this community was characterized by a high species richness (more than half of the species recorded for Ladoga). In terms of quantitative characteristics, the invertebrates littoral communities are not less then to well-studied communities of the coastal area at depths up to a meter and significantly much bigger those observed in the open lake water area. The littoral fauna (including groups
of larva insects, some crustaceans and molluscs) is observed in various conditions (10-12 m depth), thus, with macrophytes distribution data, it makes possible to expand the littoral boundary zone equals to 10 m depth, instead of the previously depth equals 8.5 m. The water area, for all studied biological communities, is classified as oligo-mesotrophic.
Results of research in the field of remote sensing methods for detecting oil pollution on the water surface conducted at the RSHU
Authors: Beskid P.P. , Bogdanov P. Yu. , Miklush V.A. , Tatarnikova Т.М. , Chernetsova E.A. , Shishkin A.D.
Published: October 2020

The article presents the scientific results which are a generalization of almost twenty years of experience of the staff of the department of information technology and security systems of the Russian State Hydrometeorological University in the field of remote sensing methods of oil pollution on the water surface. The choice of radar systems for the implementation of remote monitoring of the water surface on the characteristics of efficiency and coverage of the area of responsibility is substantiated. Structurally, the radar monitoring system should consist of a network of centimeter and millimeter range radar systems. The use of centimeter-range radar systems is due to the preservation of their operability during intense precipitation. Millimeter-wave radar systems are characterized by higher radar contrast, which significantly increases
the effectiveness of environmental monitoring of water areas, their performance depending on the weather conditions. Thus, a combination of radars of two ranges allows continuous monitoring of the water area in any weather conditions. Radar systems are a recording module as part of an object monitoring system. The
facility monitoring system, in addition to existing systems at the regional level, allows to receive information on the environmental situation promptly. This is especially true in case of emergency situations that occur during loading and transportation of oil products and other environmentally hazardous substances. The most significant result of many years of research is the concept of an automated distributed system for
remote environmental monitoring of the water surface. For each module of the system, methods and models for processing spatial data and algorithms for the distribution of measuring instruments in the monitoring space are proposed. The purpose of the functioning of such a system is associated with detecting oil spills on the water surface, monitoring the dynamics of pollution and predicting the development of emergencies
resulting from environmental disasters. International cooperation in the field of environmental protection is shown to be international in nature, the joint projects being an effective tool for development of scientific and educational potential of higher education in the field of ecology. Participation in international projects not only allows to increase the scientific and educational potential of higher education, but also influences
the formation of environmental policy
Identifikasi Tingkat Kenyamanan Lingkungan Kerja Fisik pada Chef Burjo Borneo terhadap Suhu Udara
Authors:   Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta, Alfandianto Alex , Purwanto Inaaratul Chusna Ichda , Pradana Aldi Yoga
Published: October 2020

In general, people spend more than 90% of the time in the room, so they need a comfortable air in the space where they move, therefore the good indoor air velocity is very beneficial to them. Resolving indoor comfort issues is possible through a thorough research based on the air velocity in the cooking room. The analysis of the physical work environment of the cooking room of Burjo Borneo, the researcher will give the output or the result of the relationship of air temperature influence to the convenience of cooking operator, therefore, work and effort can be done to cooking operator to cook and serve food, the negative impacts arising from the problem. Air temperature to comfort level, it is known that the minimum temperature with an average of 29.300 C and a maximum temperature of 30,500 C gives the amount of discomfort much higher than the air quality level. This is because during breaks to cook and serve food, cooking operators hard to concentrate on doing activities. It was found that the factors of discomfort and the temperature of the hot air into the treatment that caused the feeling uncomfortable. This is because in hot temperatures, cooking operators experience rapid sweat excretion.
ANALISA JENIS LIMBAH KAYU DI JEPARA
Authors: Sudiryanto Gun , Suharto Suharto
Published: October 2020

Pengolahan kayu untuk industry di Jepara juga menghasilkan banyak limbah. Jenis limbah sangat bermacam, dari mulai penebangan, saat kayu log masuk penggergajian, pengolahan hingga pengamplasan akhir sebelum dilakukan finishing. Banyaknya jenis limbah tersebut perlu dikaji jumlah dan jenisnya sehingga dimasa yang akan datang setelah ada identifikasi jenis dan jumlahknya.

Untuk mendata dan menganalisa jenis limbah kayu yang digunakan dalam industry mebel di Jepara. Selain mendapatkan data jenis limbah kayu, penelitian ini juga mengkaji jumlah perkiraan limbah kayu yang ada di Jepara. Maka untuk menganalisa jenis dan jumlah limbah kayu di Jepara penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis karena dirasa cocok untuk mengetahui fenomena yang saat ini sedang berlangsung.

Industri furnitur di Jepara ternyata menghasilkan limbah yang tidak sedikit. Dari perhitungan peneliti ternyata limbah kayu yang digunakan di Jepara dapat mencapai 58,85%. Hal ini bila dinilai dari pohon hidup yang kemudian ditebang, sehingga menghasilkan limbah mencapai separuh lebih. Apabila perhitungannya mulai saat penggergajian pembelahan hingga proses akhir yang dalam perhitungan peneliti limbahnya mencapai 37,08%. Jadi bahan yang dapat digunakan dari kayu Perhutani mencapai 62,92%. Sementara bila produk tersebut tanpa ukiran maka limbah yang dihasilkan adalah 34,21% dan kayu yang digunakan untuk pembuatan mebel mencapai 65,79%.

Kata Kunci: Jumlah, Jenis, Limbah dan Furniture.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK ROTI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PETA P DAN 7 TOOLS OF QUALITY
Authors: Mohammad Gunawan
Published: October 2020

PT Candrabuaya Surya Semesta is a company that produces catering and bread, one of which is located in the Jepara City. Increasing competition in the catering and bread business requires companies to be able to maintain and improve their quality to retain customers. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of product quality and to determine the factors that caused the quality of a product from the company. The sweet wet bread product is a superior product that more customer interested, so in this study (research) used analysis of product quality control with P maps and seven tools of quality. There are two main defects in the production process of sweet wet bread, namely the dough does not expand and baking is not perfect. Of the two defects, the defect of the dough does not develop into a priority proposal for improvements that must be done by the company. The common factors that cause disability are method factors in the production process, equipment used, human reliability factors, and materials / raw materials used.
El drama en verso moderno: Asesinato en la catedral (1935) de T.S. Eliot
Authors: Cazorla María Angelina
Published: October 2020

T.S. Eliot (1888-1965) presentó Asesinato en la catedral en el Festival Anual de Canterbury en 1935. Canterbury era no sólo la arquidiócesis del Estado de Kent, sino el santuario cristiano más antiguo de Europa, cuyo culto fue la razón del viaje de los peregrinos de Geoffrey Chaucer. Eliot escogió a Thomas Becket, héroe nacional y religioso inglés, como objeto de su drama en verso. Sin embargo, el dramaturgo decidió no poner, nuevamente, el foco de la acción en el conflicto histórico-político entre Enrique II Plantagenet y su ex canciller, pues la lucha de investiduras del siglo XII que finalizó con un brutal asesinato de Becket en la catedral durante el día de Navidad de 1170, era el tema obligado en estos festivales anglo-católicos. En esta ocasión, la mirada se posó en el conflicto moral del arzobispo: sus íntimas reflexiones sobre la naturaleza real del martirio. Quien es quizás, el más grande de los poetas modernos, nos ofrece una obra de teatro comercial para una audiencia moderna que, paradójicamente, contiene líneas corales al modo del drama griego, tradición litúrgica y abstracciones al estilo de las moralidades inglesas. Esta obra teatral, con aire de grandeza antigua y escenas de ritmo lento y parsimonioso, se escribió en la época del crecimiento del fascismo en Europa central, y puede entenderse como una protesta para que los individuos de los países afectados se opusieran a la tergiversación de los ideales de la Iglesia cristiana por parte del régimen nazi.
Water Distribution Network Design using Hybrid Self-adaptive Multi-population Elitist Pollination Intelligence (HSAMPEPI) Jaya Algorithm
Authors: Akinsunmade Akintayo Emmanuel , Aina Ibukun Isaac
Published: October 2020

An optimization model to minimize the cost of designing water distribution network is presented in this study. The model was formulated to reduce the cost coefficient in a plumbing system. A new hybrid method of optimization was constructed by combining the search abilities of Jaya-based algorithm and pollination intelligence algorithm, and was used to solve the designed model. The model was implemented by obtaining geometrical information of a water distribution network layout stationed at Gaa Odota, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Result obtained from the model showed a significant reduction in the cost coefficient compared to that of the study area.
Nature Plus Plus Inspired Computing - The Superset of Nature Inspired Computing
Authors: Gajawada Satish , Mustafa Hassan M. H.
Published: October 2020

The term "Nature Plus Plus Inspired Computing" is coined by us in this article. The abbreviation for this new term is "N++IC." Just like the C++ programming language is a superset of C programming language, Nature Plus Plus Inspired Computing (N++IC) field is a superset of the Nature Inspired Computing (NIC) field. We defined and introduced "Nature Plus Plus Inspired Computing Field" in this work. Several interesting opportunities in N++IC Field are shown for Artificial Intelligence Field Scientists and Students. We show a literature review of the N++IC Field after showing the definition of Nature Inspired Computing (NIC) Field. The primary purpose of publishing this innovative article is to show a new path to NIC Field Scientists so that they can come up with various innovative algorithms from scratch. As the focus of this article is to introduce N++IC to researchers across the globe, we added N++IC Field concepts to the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and created the "Children Cycle Riding Algorithm (CCR Algorithm)." Finally, results obtained by CCR Algorithm are shown, followed by Conclusions.
Such a Long Jorney : A Domestic Tragi-Comedy
Authors: Kumari Dr. Rupam
Published: October 2020

Such a Long Journey is Rohinton Mistry’s first novel. It was published in 1991. It is “a highly poised and accomplished work.’’ (SLJ Cover Page) This creation of Mistry won many awards e.g Governor General Award, Commonwealth Writer’s Prize for best book etc. It was also Shortlisted for the Booker Prize. This Novel has been translated into German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish and Japanese. It has also been made into a movie named Such a Long Journey Which was released in 1998. As commented in Spectator, It is “a rich, humane work, undoubtedly one of the best novels about india in recent Years”(SLJ Cover Page).
Rohinton Mistry is considerd to be one of the famous authors who have gone out of India and are writing in English. He uses’ ordinary’ men and women as his protagonists in his novels. He fills his novels with the sights, sounds, smells and colour of India. His characters are neither saints nor sinners; he involves the readers in their lives as they try to survive the comlexities of their culture.
Retrofitting of RC Beam Structure Member by using CFRP
Authors:   School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650000, Kunming , China, Shah Ismail , Jing Li ,   School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650000, Kunming , China, Ayaz Shahid ,   MSCE scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Abasyn University, Peshawar , Pakistan, Ali Waqas ,   US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Study in Energy, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Abdullah Abdullah ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, Khan Nauman ,   School of Civil Engineering, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu , China
Published: October 2020

The research has been lead relating the use of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets in retrofitting and strengthening of the reinforced concrete member. The present research was conducted by using the epoxy to reinforced concrete beams retrofitted and strengthened for flexural strength by using CFRP sheet. The selected cross-section of the beam having 2400 mm length with 150 mm width and 225 mm height and the beam tension reinforcement on the bottom was set on 2#4bar@1.5" with the 38.1 mm clear cover was set to the main flexural reinforcement. The studied beam was focused on flexural behaviour. The experimental study has shown that while the using of CFRP with epoxy will improve the rigidity and durability of the concrete beam. Their great deformability greatly improves the seismic properties of the beam structures. Under the reinforced RC beams showed a very large deflection by control beam before their failure. By using CFRP externally the rigidity of retrofitted and strengthened beams can be improved.
Herausragende Mobilität? Eine objektive Bewertungsheuristik für inter- und multimodale Mobilitätsplattformen
Authors: Becker Christoph , Link Steffen Fabian
Published: October 2020

Die Digitalisierung fördert die Entwicklung digitaler Mobilitätsplattformen, die den Verkehrssektor tiefgreifend verändern können. Die Vergleichbarkeit dieser Plattformen gestaltet sich jedoch mitunter schwierig. Dieser Artikel analysiert die wesentlichen physischen und digitalen Bestandteile solcher Plattformen aus Sicht des Nutzers und entwickelt eine Heuristik zur objektiven, nachvollziehbaren Bewertung. Im Rahmen eines Benchmarks wird die Heuristik auf unterschiedliche deutsche und internationalen Plattformen angewandt.
Verkehrskollaps und Razzien, neue Konkurrenten und innovative Lösungen – aktuelle Herausforderungen der deutschen Paketdienste
Authors: Manner-Romberg Horst , Symanczyk Wolf
Published: October 2020

Paketdienste in Deutschland gelten als mitverantwortlich für die Verkehrsbelastung der Ballungsräume. Dennoch mangelt es an innovativen Projekten zur Reduzierung von Lieferverkehren, wie bspw. anbieterunabhängigen Paketshop- und Automatennetzwerken. Ein Blick ins Ausland zeigt entsprechende Beispiele auf. Gleichzeitig gehen Onlinehändler dazu über, (proprietäre) Liefersysteme zu etablieren und verfügen in einigen Ländern bereits über signifikante Anteile am Paketmarkt. Dieser Artikel liefert einen Überblick über diese Entwicklungen.
Wie das Lastenrad die Letzte Meile gewinnen kann: Potentiale und kritische Erfolgsfaktoren
Authors: Bogdanski Ralf , Cailliau Cathrin
Published: October 2020

Lastenräder sind im Stadtverkehr noch eine Marktnische, sollen aber künftig fester Bestandteil der „Verkehrswende“ sein. So formulierte der Bundesverkehrsminister auf dem Nationalen Radverkehrskongress in Dresden im Mai 2019 als drittes Leitziel für den nächsten Nationalen Radverkehrsplan: „Urbane Lastenverkehre werden Radverkehre“ (BMVI, 2019). Das Verlagerungspotential im urbanen Wirtschaftsverkehr wird mit 20 % beziffert (Gruber & Rudolph 2016), in der Kurier-, Express- und Paket-Branche (KEP) sogar mit 30 % (Bogdanski et al., 2018). Zur Zielerreichung müssen drei kritische Erfolgsfaktoren berücksichtigt werden – wirtschaftliche Logistikkonzepte, logistikgerechte Lastenräder und eine dazu passende urbane Verkehrsinfrastruktur. In diesem Spannungsfeld ergibt sich eine Vielzahl von Handlungsnotwendigkeiten. Weiterhin bestehen urbane Lastenverkehre nur zu einem Teil aus KEP-Verkehren. Welche Potentiale schwere Lastenräder für andere Anwendungen im Lastenverkehr bieten, erörtert das Forschungsprojekt „PedeListics“ mit Kommunen und Unternehmen als Praxispartnern.
RESPUESTA DE Pinus pinceana GORDON A ESTRÉS POR SEQUÍA Y ALTAS TEMPERATURAS
Authors: Martiñón-Martínez Rodrigo J. , Vargas-Hernández J. Jesús , López-Upton Javier , Gómez-Guerrero Armando , Vaquera-Huerta Humberto
Published: October 2020

Con el propósito de identificar las posibilidades de adaptación de Pinus pinceana Gordon al estrés ambiental asociado con el cambio climático, se evaluó en invernadero el efecto del estrés hídrico y del estrés por altas temperaturas, sobre el crecimiento y distribución de biomasa en plantas de 12 procedencias o poblaciones de la especie. El diseño experimental incluyó dos ambientes de temperatura con diferencia promedio de 2 °C, y dos niveles de disponibilidad de agua (S0 = potencial hídrico del suelo mayor a -0.5 Mpa; S1 = potencial hídrico del suelo inferior a -1.5 Mpa). Los dos factores ocasionaron una reducción (P ≤ 0.05) en el crecimiento del brote, acumulación de biomasa y relación parte aérea-raíz, pero el efecto del estrés hídrico fue dos a tres veces mayor que el de la temperatura. El aumento en temperatura ocasionó mayor engrosamiento del tallo, efecto que fue más notorio al estar en combinación con estrés hídrico. Se encontró una amplia variación entre las procedencias en el potencial de crecimiento y en la asignación de biomasa en respuesta a los factores de estrés, lo que indica plasticidad fenotípica en sus mecanismos de adaptación. En condiciones de estrés, las procedencias de la región norte redujeron más la acumulación de biomasa y la relación parte aérea-raíz, pero produjeron más ramas que las del sur. Estos resultados permiten postular que esta especie tiene posibilidades de adaptarse al cambio climático, si las poblaciones con mejor respuesta al estrés se usan en programas de conservación y de restauración ecológica.
CARACTERIZACIÓN Y RENDIMIENTO DE POBLACIONES DE MAÍZ NATIVAS DE MOLCAXAC, PUEBLA
Authors: Ángeles-Gaspar Elizabeth , Ortiz-Torres Enrique , López Pedro A. , López-Romero Gustavo
Published: October 2020

En Molcaxac, Puebla 98 % de los productores de maíz (Zea mays L.) utilizan poblaciones nativas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento de grano y caracterizar agronómicamente una muestra de la diversidad de las poblaciones locales de maíz existente en este municipio. En 2007 se evaluaron 56 materiales genéticos –52 poblaciones locales y cuatro híbridos recomendados para la zona– bajo temporal o secano, en tres localidades. Los resultados mostraron que existen poblaciones locales con mayor rendimiento de grano (MX-6, SA-2 y SC-3 con 5.6, 4.8 y 4.5 t ha-1) que las variedades introducidas, lo que muestra mejor adaptación de esas poblaciones nativas a las condiciones de suelo y clima de la región. El análisis de componentes principales definió que las variables con mayor influencia para explicar la variación observada fueron días a floración femenina, número de hojas arriba de la mazorca, área de la hoja de la mazorca, aspecto de planta, longitud de mazorca, número de hileras de grano por mazorca, diámetro de mazorca, longitud de grano, ancho de grano, grosor de grano, diámetro de olote y diámetro de médula. El análisis de conglomerados definió cinco grupos de poblaciones. Se concluye que en la región de Molcaxac, Puebla, existe variación amplia entre los materiales locales de maíz y algunos presentan buen rendimiento para las condiciones de temporal. La variación observada está parcialmente relacionada con el origen geográfico de las poblaciones dentro del municipio.