bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EHD stability of a cylindrical boundary separating double Reiner–Rivlin fluids
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , Mostapha Doaa R.
Published: March 2023

The major aim of this work is to achieve a mathematical technique to scrutinize the nonlinear instability of a vertical cylindrical boundary separation of two streaming Reiner–Rivlin liquids. The system is portrayed by an unchanged longitudinal electric strength. Furthermore, the action of mass and heat transfer (MHT) and permeable media are also considered. The problem is not only of methodological interest but also of scientific and practical interest. To shorten the mathematical analysis, Hsieh’s modulation together with the viscous potential theory (VPT) is employed. The nonlinear diagram is contingent on tackling the governing linear mechanism along with the nonlinear applicable border restrictions. A non-dimensional process produces several non-dimensional physical numbers. A linear dispersion equation is attained and the stability standards are theoretically governed and numerically established. The nonlinear stability procedure reveals a Ginzburg–Landau formula. Consequently, nonlinear stability stipulations are accomplished. Furthermore, by way of the Homotopy perturbation approach, along with the expanded frequency concept, an accurate perturbed technique of surface deflection is attained theoretically and numerically. To validate the theoretical outcomes, the analytical expression is confirmed through the Rung–Kutta of the fourth order. The stable and unstable zones are signified graphically displaying the influences of several non-dimensional numbers.
Investigating mechanisms of laser pulse-induced reflectivity modulations in photoacoustic remote sensing with a 10 million frames-per-second camera
Authors: Haven Nathaniel J. M. , Martell Matthew T. , Li Haoyang , Hogan James D. , Zemp Roger J.
Published: March 2023

Photoacoustic remote sensing has been recently developed as an all-optical imaging modality capable of imaging a variety of endogenous contrast agents label-free. Initially predicted laser pulse-induced refractive index perturbation-based interrogation beam reflectivity modulations have been found to be orders of magnitude smaller than those typically observed experimentally. In this report we utilize a 10 million frames-per-second camera to further investigate these predicted reflectivity modulations, while also exploring other potential mechanisms of laser pulse-induced reflectivity modulations. Laser-induced motion is demonstrated both laterally for gold wires suspended and submerged in air and water, respectively, and carbon fibers submerged in water, and axial motion is observed in gold wires submerged in a depth gradient of intralipid solution. This laser-induced sample motion is anticipated to cause reflectivity modulations local to the interrogation beam profile in microscopy set-ups. Non-motion-based maximum intensity modulations of 3% are also observed in gold wires submerged in water, indicating the presence of the originally predicted reflectivity modulations. Overall, these observations are important as they provide a widefield view of laser-pulse interactions unavailable in previous point scanning-based photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy configurations, where observed mechanisms occur on time-scales orders of magnitude faster than equivalent field of view point scanning capabilities.
Ginkgo biloba extracts improve choroidal circulation leading to suppression of myopia in mice
Authors: Hou Jing , Mori Kiwako , Ikeda Shin-ichi , Jeong Heonuk , Torii Hidemasa , Negishi Kazuno , Kurihara Toshihide , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: March 2023

Myopia is becoming more common across the world, necessitating the development of preventive methods. We investigated the activity of early growth response 1 (EGR-1) protein and discovered that Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBEs) activated EGR-1 in vitro. In vivo, C57BL/6 J mice were fed either normal or 0.0667% GBEs (200 mg/kg) mixed chow (n = 6 each), and myopia was induced with − 30 diopter (D) lenses from 3 to 6 weeks of age. Refraction and axial length were measured by an infrared photorefractor and an SD-OCT system, respectively. In lens-induced myopia mice, oral GBEs significantly improved refractive errors (− 9.92 ± 1.53 D vs. − 1.67 ± 3.51 D, p < 0.001) and axial elongation (0.22 ± 0.02 mm vs. 0.19 ± 0.02 mm, p < 0.05). To confirm the mechanism of GBEs in preventing myopia progression, the 3-week-old mice were divided into normally fed with either myopic-induced or non-myopic-induced groups and GBEs fed with either myopic-induced or non-myopic-induced groups (n = 10 each). Choroidal blood perfusion was measured with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). In both non-myopic induced groups, compared to normal chow, oral GBEs significantly improved choroidal blood perfusion (8.48 ± 15.75%Area vs. 21.74 ± 10.54%Area, p < 0.05) and expression of Egr-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the choroid. In both myopic-induced groups, compared to normal chow, oral GBEs also improved choroidal blood perfusion (− 9.82 ± 9.47%Area vs. 2.29 ± 11.84%Area, p < 0.05) and was positively correlated with the change in choroidal thickness. These findings suggest that GBEs may inhibit the progression of myopia by improving choroidal blood perfusion.
Combining the Tait equation with the phonon theory allows predicting the density of liquids up to the Gigapascal range
Authors: Postnikov Eugene B. , Belenkov Roman N. , Chora̧żewski Mirosław
Published: March 2023

Predicting the density of liquids at ultrahigh pressures in the case when only the data measured at ambient pressure are available is a long-standing challenge for thermodynamic research. In this work, we archived this goal for molecular liquids by applying the half-sum of the Tait equation and the Murnagnan equation in the form coordinated with Tait’s at low pressure for predicting the density of molecular liquids up to the pressures more than 1 GPa with uncertainty comparable with the experimental one. It is shown that the control parameter, which is needed in addition to the initial density and the isothermal compressibility can be found using the speed of sound and the density at ambient pressure and has a clear physical interpretation in terms of the characteristic frequency of intermolecular oscillation mimicking the limiting frequency of Debye’s theory of heat conductivity of solids. This fact is discussed as arguing in favour of the modern phonon theory of liquid thermodynamics and expands it range of applicability to the volumetric properties of liquids at temperatures far below the critical one. The validity of the model is illustrated with the case study of classic Bridgman’s dataset as well as with some examples of ultrahigh-pressure data obtained by the diamond anvil cell and shock wave compression methods.
Mechanisms of regulation of motility of the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system under the chronic action of nanocolloids
Authors: Tsymbalyuk Olga V. , Davydovska Tamara L. , Naumenko Anna M. , Voiteshenko Ivan S. , Veselsky Stanislav P. , Nyporko Alex Y. , Pidhaietska Anastasiia Y. , Kozolup Mariya S. , Skryshevsky Valeriy A.
Published: March 2023

Modern cutting edge technologies of chemical synthesis enable the production of unique nanostructures with excess energy and high reactivity. Uncontrolled use of such materials in the food industry and pharmacology entail a risk for the development of a nanotoxicity crisis. Using the methods of tensometry, mechanokinetic analysis, biochemical methods, and bioinformatics, the current study showed that chronic (for six months) intragastrical burdening of rats with aqueous nanocolloids (AN) ZnO and TiO2 caused violations of the pacemaker-dependent mechanisms of regulation of spontaneous and neurotransmitter-induced contractions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) smooth muscles (SMs), and transformed the contraction efficiency indices (AU, in Alexandria units). Under the same conditions, the fundamental principle of distribution of physiologically relevant differences in the numeric values of the mechanokinetic parameters of spontaneous SM contractions between different parts of GIT is violated, which can potentially cause its pathological changes. Using molecular docking, typical bonds in the interfaces of the interaction of these nanomaterials with myosin II, a component of the contractile apparatus of smooth muscle cells (SMC) were investigated. In this connection, the study addressed the question of possible competitive relations between ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles and actin molecules for binding sites on the myosin II actin-interaction interface. In addition, using biochemical methods, it was shown that chronic long-term exposure to nanocolloids causes changes in the primary active ion transport systems of cell plasma membranes, the activity of marker liver enzymes and disrupts the blood plasma lipid profile, which indicates the hepatotoxic effect of these nanocolloids.
Cellular energy supply for promoting vascular remodeling of small-diameter vascular grafts: a preliminary study of a new strategy for vascular graft development
Authors: Su Hengxian , Liu Wenchao , Li Xifeng , Li Guangxu , Guo Shenquan , Liu Chang , Yang Tao , Ou Chubin , Liu Jiahui , Li Yuanzhi , Wei Chengcong , Huang Qing , Xu Tao , Duan Chuanzhi
Published: March 2023

AICAR strengthened cellular energy supply and stimulated macrophages toward an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype; thus AICAR-modified grafts achieved better vascular remodeling.
Nitric oxide-releasing poly(ionic liquid)-based microneedle for subcutaneous fungal infection treatment
Authors: Zhang Qiuyang , Zhang Zijun , Zou Xiuyang , Liu Ziyang , Li Qingning , Zhou Jiamei , Gao Shuna , Xu Hui , Guo Jiangna , Yan Feng
Published: March 2023

PILMN-NO with persistent NO transdermal delivery properties and fungicidal activity was construced, which showed anti-inflammatory, collagen deposition, angiogenesis and wound healing promoting activitiesin vivosubcutaneous fungal infection.
Construction of a direct Z-scheme CeO2/UiO-66-NH2 heterojunction for boosting photocatalytic organic pollutant degradation and H2 evolution performance
Authors: Zhang Heling , Wan Yuqi , Shang Simin , Cheng Qingrong , Pan Zhiquan
Published: March 2023

UiO-66-NH2 grows on the surface of hollow CeO2 nanospheres to form a unique interfacial structure for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and hydrogen evolution under solar light.
Two-in-one alcohol-processed PEDOT electrodes produced by solvent exchange for organic solar cells
Authors: Dong Xinyun , Zhou Xianmin , Liu Yang , Xiong Sixing , Cheng Jingyu , Jiang Youyu , Zhou Yinhua
Published: March 2023

A solvent-exchange method is introduced to obtain an alcohol-processed PEDOT:PSS formulation with good wettability, high conductivity and hole-transporting-layer property.
Inhibition and eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms by secondary metabolites of Nocardiopsis lucentensis EMB25
Authors: Goel Nikky , Ghosh Moumita , Jain Deepti , Sinha Rajeshwari , Khare Sunil Kumar
Published: March 2023

Promising activity of secondary metabolites extracted from a rare actinobacteria, Nocardiopsis lucentensis EMB25 against biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Rational design of MoS2-supported Cu single-atom catalysts by machine learning potential for enhanced peroxidase-like activity
Authors: Xu Deting , Yin Wenyan , Zhou Jie , Wu Liyuan , Yao Haodong , Sun Minghui , Chen Ping , Deng Xiangwen , Zhao Lina
Published: March 2023

Machine learning motivated Cu@MoS2 catalysts design for enhanced peroxidase-like activity.
Influences of nitrogen base excess on ARGET ATRP of styrene with ascorbic acid acetonide and traces of oxygen and water
Authors: Braidi Niccolò , Parenti Francesca , Scurani Giulia , Tassinari Francesco , Buffagni Mirko , Bonifaci Luisa , Cavalca Gianfranco , Pettenuzzo Nicolò , Ghelfi Franco
Published: March 2023

The dual role of nitrogen bases is shown in the ARGET ATRP with ascorbic acid acetonide. High pKa bases lead to more ascorbate anion (faster polymerizations) but in presence of oxygen/water are detrimental to the catalyst (hydroxide formation).
Preparation of STF-loaded micron scale polyurethane polyurea double layer microcapsules and study on the mechanical properties of composites
Authors: Chen Wenyan , Liang Shuen , Peng Yan , Wang Yixia , Liu Tao
Published: March 2023

A novel approach for the encapsulation of the shear thickening fluid in polyurethane polyurea double layer microcapsules has been described and it is applied in a composite material to improve the impact resistance.
Gateway toward efficient and miniaturized A2B2O7-type fluorite structure-based energy storage devices
Authors: Quader Abdul , Mustafa Ghulam M. , Ramay Shahid M. , Atiq Shahid
Published: March 2023

Confirmation of structural phase transition mediated by La-substitution at Nd-sites in Nd2Ce2O7 pyrochlores and optimization of recoverable energy density, energy loss density and fast switching charge capability.
Asymmetric ring-opening reactions of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes with 1,3-cyclodiones
Authors: Zhang Dongxin , Chen Lvjia , Deng Huiqing , Zhang Ying , Cheng Qihang , Zhang Qian-Feng
Published: March 2023

A series of enantioenriched γ-hydroxybutyric acid derivatives were obtained via asymmetric ring-opening reactions of D–A cyclopropanes with 1,3-cyclodiones.
Optimal preparation of a core–shell structural magnetic nanoadsorbent for efficient tetracycline removal
Authors: Zheng Xinyu , Shen Cong , Guo Yongfu , Zheng Huaili
Published: March 2023

A novel core–shell structural magnetic nanoadsorbent FSMAS with superior adsorption capability towards tetracyclines was facilely prepared by graft copolymerization.
Competing dynamics of intramolecular deactivation and bimolecular charge transfer processes in luminescent Fe(iii) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes
Authors: Rosemann Nils W. , Lindh Linnea , Bolaño Losada Iria , Kaufhold Simon , Prakash Om , Ilic Aleksandra , Schwarz Jesper , Wärnmark Kenneth , Chábera Pavel , Yartsev Arkady , Persson Petter
Published: March 2023

Deactivation of an excited FeIII based dye has been investigated. Intramolecular deactivation is comparable to organic dyes, and ultrafast intermolecular deactivation via photoinduced disproportionation is observed over a range of low temperatures.
A general but still unknown characteristic of active oxygen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Romeo Eleonora , Illas Francesc , Calle-Vallejo Federico
Published: March 2023

A common feature of active catalysts for oxygen evolution is that three of their four electrochemical steps are over 1.23 eV. This evidences that “electrochemical symmetry” is a good criterion to design enhanced OER catalysts.
Tailored preparation of porous aromatic frameworks in a confined environment
Authors: Yu Ruihe , Liu Lin , Yin Liying , Jing Yege , Zhang Ning , Bian Hang , Zhu Guangshan
Published: March 2023

Polymer brushes provide a confined environment for PAFs growth, resulting in nanosized PAFs formed amongst the polymer brushes. Free-standing and flexible brush/PAF hybrid membranes are obtained, which show high efficiency in dye/solvent separation.
Absolute environmental sustainability assessment of renewable dimethyl ether fuelled heavy-duty trucks
Authors: Charalambous Margarita A. , Tulus Victor , Ryberg Morten W. , Pérez-Ramírez Javier , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo
Published: March 2023

We quantify the absolute environmental sustainability of DME-fuelled heavy-duty (HD) trucks, and compare it against the current diesel counterpart, finding that renewable DME can promote an absolute environmentally sustainable HD truck sector.
Self-healable, super Li-ion conductive, and flexible quasi-solid electrolyte for long-term safe lithium sulfur batteries
Authors: Le Mong Anh , Kim Dukjoon
Published: March 2023

Flexible polymer electrolytes exhibit high self-healing abilityviahydrogen/disulfide bonds and simultaneously achieve both high ion conductivity and excellent thermal/mechanical stabilityviaself-assembly for long-term safe lithium sulfur battery.
3D nanoflower-like and core–shell structured MCo2O4@MCo2S4@polypyrrole (M = Cu, Mn) composites as supercapacitor electrode materials with ultrahigh specific capacitances
Authors: Wang Chunxiao , Liu Yawen , Sun Yuesheng , Cui Liang , Liu Jingquan
Published: March 2023

The flower-shaped MC@MS@PPy-16/NF (M = Cu, Mn) composite with a core–shell structure is constructed via facile hydrothermal and annealing processes followed by a chemical bath method and exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.
A stepwise oxidation strategy for the synthesis of amorphous V2O5@V2CTxnanohybrid cathodes toward high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Hu Ruiting , Zhang Chi , Tao Yu , Ran Ling , Li Yani , Ouyang Yao , Yan Jun
Published: March 2023

Amorphous V2O5@V2CTxcathodes were obtained by surface oxidation and subsequentin situelectrochemical oxidation of V2CTxMXene, and the assembled ZIBs exhibited high-capacity and stable Zn-storage performance.
Visible-UVC upconversion polymer films for prevention of microbial infection
Authors: Zhao Hang , Zhang Liang , Lu Jinsuo , Chai Shouning , Wei Jinliu , Yu Yuning , Miao Ruoyan , Zhong Lvling
Published: March 2023

A wound dressing was prepared using upconversion powder (YSO-Pr) combined with polymer (PVA/SA) to convert visible light to UVC, demonstrating significant inhibition of a wide range of bacteria with no apparent side effects on human cells.
Dual-stimuli responsive skin–core structural fibers with an in situ crosslinked alginate ester for hydrophobic drug delivery
Authors: Xu Yi , Guo Jing , Liu Yuanfa , Guan Fucheng , Li Zheng , Yao Qiang , Bao Da
Published: March 2023

A novel AE/AKP/2-FFPBA skin–core structural fiber with pH and glucose stimulation responsiveness as a drug delivery system.
Plasmon-enhanced nano-photosensitizers: game-changers in photodynamic therapy of cancers
Authors: Amirjani Amirmostafa , Shokrani Parand , Sharif Sepideh Abbasi , Moheb Hossein , Ahmadi Hossein , Ahmadiani Zahra Sadreddini , Paroushi Maryam Sharifi
Published: March 2023

Plasmonic nanoparticles are hybridized with organic compounds, biological compounds, ceramic nanoparticles, metal–organic frameworks, and magnetic nanoparticles as a new class of nano-photosensitizers for cancer treatment.
Nanocrystalline PbI2coated on a cellulose fiber frame for paper-based flexible X-ray detection
Authors: Sun Hui , Su Qianfa , Wang Shuo , Liu Yizhen , Gao Xiuying , Liu Qiya , Tang Chuan , Zeng Tixian , Yang Dingyu
Published: March 2023

Paper-based, direct-conversion, flexible X-ray detectors were developed, combining the intrinsic flexibility and X-ray sensitivity of PbI2nanocrystal and the bendability of cellulose fiber paper, realizing outstanding detection performance.
Organic disulfide-modified folate carbon dots for tumor-targeted synergistic chemodynamic/photodynamic therapy
Authors: Tang Sihan , Li Guanghao , Zhang Hui , Bao Yujun , Wu Xiaodan , Yan Rui , Wang Zhiqiang , Jin Yingxue
Published: March 2023

Organic disulfide-modified folate carbon dots for tumor-targeted synergistic chemodynamic/photodynamic therapy have been fabricated.
Ultrahigh surface area of single-atom iron nanosheets assists in the efficient utilization of reactive oxygen species in the peroxymonosulfate activation process for pollutant removal
Authors: Yang Huangsheng , Fu Qi , Hou Yu , Yu Jiaxing , Tong Yuanjun , Li Nan , Zhong Huajie , Zhu Fang , Wang Junhui , Hao Zhengping , Ouyang Gangfeng
Published: March 2023

SAFe/CNS synthesized via a cocoon silk chemistry strategy exhibits ultrahigh specific surface area, which brings out a large adsorption capacity for organic pollutants, thereby effectively utilizing the vicinal as-generated active species.
Polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration–electrodeionization hybrid system for the removal of boron
Authors: Soysüren Gülsev , İpek İdil Yılmaz , Arda Müşerref , Arar Özgür
Published: March 2023

The consumption of ultrapure water (UPW) is continuously increasing owing to its numerous applications.
Catalytic artificial nitroalkane oxidases – a way towards organocatalytic umpolung
Authors: Pokluda Adam , Zubova Ekaterina , Chudoba Josef , Krupička Martin , Cibulka Radek
Published: March 2023

Artificial nitroalkane oxidases based on catalytic amounts of flavins enable nitroalkane umpolung resulting in β-nitroalcohols. Two alternative pathways via flavin-5-iminium species are possible.
Cu–Ni alloy decorating N-doped carbon nanosheets toward high-performance electrocatalysis of mildly acidic CO2 reduction
Authors: Pan Weifan , Wang Peng , Fan Linfeng , Chen Kai , Yi Luocai , Huang Junheng , Cai Pingwei , Liu Xi , Chen Qingsong , Wang Genxiang , Wen Zhenhai
Published: March 2023

The nitrogen-doped “willow leaf” shaped carbon nanosheets modified with Cu-Ni alloy shows excellent electrocatalytic activity for reducing CO2 to CO under mildly acidic media.
Improving and broadening luminescence in Gd2−xAlxGaSbO7:Cr3+ phosphors for NIR LED applications
Authors: Guo Siyu , Ma Ligan , Abudureyimu Muniran , Wei Rongfei , Lu Fumin , Hu Fangfang , Guo Hai
Published: March 2023

Enhanced and broadened NIR luminescence was realized in a Gd2−xAlxGaSbO7:Cr3+ phosphor by Al3+ → Gd3+ cation substitution. Its application as an emitting converter for LEDs was confirmed.
Structure and optical property evolution in PbM(PO4)X (M = Zn, Sn; X = halogen): SHG effect and birefringence
Authors: Li Xiao-Bao , Hu Chun-Li , Kong Fang , Mao Jiang-Gao
Published: March 2023

Four new phosphates with a PbM(PO4)X formula were synthesized and characterized. Their crystal symmetry, thermal stability and band gap are decreased with an increase of the atomic number of halogen, while the rule for birefringence is the opposite.
Ultra-small Co3O4 particles embedded into N-doped carbon derived from ZIF-9 via half-pyrolysis for activating peroxymonosulfate to degrade sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Su Bin , Zhang Lu , Wang Yifan , Li Yuxin , Zhou Tianyu , Liu Bo , Jiang Wei , Liu Linlin , Ma Chunhong
Published: March 2023

Ultra-small Co3O4 embedded into a carbon base was constructed via half-pyrolyzing carbon-rich ZIF-9, exhibiting high catalytic efficiency for PMS activation to degrade SMX.
Gold nanoclusters Cys-Au NCs as selective fluorescent probes for “on–off–on” detection of Fe3+ and ascorbic acid
Authors: Luo Wenjie , Wang Changxu , Min Jieshu , Luo Huiyu
Published: March 2023

Schematic illustration of “On–Off–On” fluorescent probes Cys-Au NCs for the bidirectional detection of Fe3+ and ascorbic acid.
Fully-fused boron-doped olympicenes: modular synthesis, tunable optoelectronic properties, and one-electron reduction
Authors: Guo Jing , Zhang Kaihua , Wang Yanpei , Wei Haipeng , Xiao Wang , Yang Kun , Zeng Zebing
Published: March 2023

We report a novel family of boraolympicenes with fully-fused boron-doping at their π-skeletons. The resulting boraolympicenyl radical anion featured a resonant stability under inert conditions benefiting from the borataalkene-containing aromatic resonant form.
Calcination-controlled performance optimization of iron–vanadium bimetallic oxide nanoparticles for synergistic tumor therapy
Authors: Hu Jiaxin , Yu Bin , Sun Wenbo , Lu Lehui
Published: March 2023

This study demonstrates that the therapeutic efficacy of inorganic nanomaterials can be optimized by employing different thermal treatment atmospheres.
Modification of back interfacial contact with MoO3 layer in situ introduced by Na2S aqueous solution for efficient kesterite CZTSSe solar cells
Authors: Jian Yue , Xie Tianliang , Han Litao , Kou Dongxing , Zhou Wenhui , Zhou Zhengji , Yuan Shengjie , Meng Yuena , Qi Yafang , Wu Sixin
Published: March 2023

A high-efficiency CZTSSe solar cell was achieved through the modification of the back interfacial contact with a MoO3 layer synthesized in situ using Na2S aqueous solution.
Local saliency consistency‐based label inference for weakly supervised salient object detection using scribble annotations
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Cui Peng , Shen Jing , Liu Haibo
Published: March 2023

Recently, weak supervision has received growing attention in the field of salient object detection due to the convenience of labelling. However, there is a large performance gap between weakly supervised and fully supervised salient object detectors because the scribble annotation can only provide very limited foreground/background information. Therefore, an intuitive idea is to infer annotations that cover more complete object and background regions for training. To this end, a label inference strategy is proposed based on the assumption that pixels with similar colours and close positions should have consistent labels. Specifically, k‐means clustering algorithm was first performed on both colours and coordinates of original annotations, and then assigned the same labels to points having similar colours with colour cluster centres and near coordinate cluster centres. Next, the same annotations for pixels with similar colours within each kernel neighbourhood was set further. Extensive experiments on six benchmarks demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the performance and achieve the state‐of‐the‐art results.
Semi‐supervised learning for ABUS tumor detection using deep learning method
Authors: Li Yanfeng , Zhang Zilu , Cheng Zhanyi , Cheng Lin , Chen Xin
Published: March 2023

Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) imaging system is a practical technique to automatically scan the whole breast. Automatic tumor detection plays a significant role in the clinic. However, training deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for tumor detection needs a large quantity of labeled data. It is time‐consuming and expensive to manually annotate tumor positions in ABUS images. In this paper, a novel semi‐supervised learning EfficientDet (SSL‐E) model is proposed for ABUS tumor detection. Our SSL‐E model solves the tumor detection problem from high similarity and serious unbalance between tumors and backgrounds. Considering the image contrast variation and tumor scale variations in ABUS images, color transformation and geometric transformation are employed for data augmentations. Then the consistency between image and its augmented version is developed, thus the robustness of the detector can be improved. Aiming at the problem of serious unbalance between tumors and backgrounds, a novel copy‐paste synthesis strategy is designed, which can generate more tumor samples and enhance tumor diversity. This method is tested on 68 tumor volumes and 68 normal volumes, including 43,248 slices (1683 tumor slices and 41,565 normal slices). It obtains a promising result with sensitivity of 90.2% and false positives per image (FPs/I) at 0.15.
Feature fusion method based on local binary graph for PolSAR image classification
Authors: Sebt Mohammad Ali , Darvishnezhad Mohsen
Published: March 2023

The goal of this paper is to propose a method to achieve a higher classification rate in Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) image classification. In our work, PolSAR features are extracted from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and also Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs). Due to the construction of the adjacency matrix on all the data, traditional GCNs usually suffer from a substantial computational cost, particularly in large‐scale remote sensing (RS) problems. To this end, first of all, we propose a new mini‐batch GCN (called Mini‐GCN), which allows to train large‐scale GCNs in a mini‐batch fashion. More signiﬁcantly, our designed mini‐GCN is capable of inferring out‐of‐sample data without re‐training networks and improving classiﬁcation performance. Furthermore, as CNNs and GCNs can extract different types of PolSAR features, an intuitive solution to break the performance bottleneck of a single model is to fuse them. Since mini‐GCNs can perform batch‐wise network training (enabling the combination of CNNs and GCNs), we can use the feature fusion strategy. Therefore, in this paper, a local graph‐based fusion method is proposed to couple dimension reduction and feature fusion of the information extracted from the designed CNN and Mini‐GCN. Experimental results on real PolSAR data are very encouraging. Compared to the methods using only single feature and stacking all the features together, the proposed feature fusion method improves the overall classiﬁcation accuracy on the real PolSAR data sets for more than 5%. Moreover, the experiments conducted on PolSAR datasets, demonstrate the advantages of the used mini‐GCNs over the traditional GCNs and the superiority of the proposed feature fusion method with regards to the single CNN or GCN models.
Serendipitous discovery of the magnetic cataclysmic variable SRGE J075818−612027
Authors: Ok Samet , Lamer Georg , Schwope Axel , Buckley David A. H. , Brink Jaco , Kurpas Jan , Tubín Dusán , Traulsen Iris
Published: March 2023

We report the discovery of SRGE J075818−612027, a deep stream-eclipsing magnetic cataclysmic variable found serendipitously in SRG/eROSITA calibration and performance verification phase (CalPV) observations of the open cluster NGC 2516 as an unrelated X-ray source. An X-ray timing and spectral analysis of the eROSITA data is presented and supplemented by an analysis of TESS photometry and SALT spectroscopy. X-ray photometry reveals two pronounced dips repeating with a period of 106.144(1) min. The 14-month TESS data reveal the same unique period. A low-resolution identification spectrum obtained with SALT displays hydrogen Balmer emission lines on a fairly blue continuum. The spectrum and the stability of the photometric signal led to the classification of the new object as a polar-type cataclysmic variable. In this context, the dips in the X-ray light curve are explained by absorption in the intervening accretion stream and by a self-eclipse of the main accretion region. The object displays large magnitude differences on long timescales (months) both at optical and X-ray wavelengths, which are interpreted as high and low states and thus support its identification as a polar. The bright phase X-ray spectrum can be reflected with single temperature thermal emission with 9.7 keV and bolometric X-ray luminosity LX ≃ 8 × 1032 erg s−1 at a distance of about 2.7 kpc. The X-ray spectrum lacks the pronounced soft X-ray emission component prominently found in ROSAT-discovered polars.
Critical Degree of Orbital Floor Displacement Drives Operative Repair of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures: Findings from a 10-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Obayemi Adetokunbo , Arunkumar Amit , Long Sallie , Spielman Daniel , Pereira Nicola , Liu Katie , Sclafani Matthew S. , Kacker Ashutosh , Reeve Gwendolyn , Stewart Michael G. , Sclafani Anthony P.
Published: March 2023

Among zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures presenting to a tertiary urban academic center, the authors hypothesized the presence of both clinical and radiographic predictors of operative management. The investigators conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,914 patients with facial fractures managed at an academic medical center in New York City between 2008 and 2017. The predictor variables were based on both clinical data and features of pertinent imaging studies, and the outcome variable was an operative intervention. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed and the p-value was set at 0.05. In total, 196 patients sustained ZMC fractures (5.0%) and 121 (61.7%) ZMC fractures were treated surgically. All patients who presented with globe injury, blindness, retrobulbar injury, restricted gaze, or enophthalmos and a concurrent ZMC fracture were managed surgically. The most common surgical approach was the gingivobuccal corridor (31.9% of all approaches), and there were no significant immediate postoperative complications. Younger patients (38.9 ± 18 years vs. 56.1 ± 23.5 years, p < 0.0001) and patients with greater than or equal to 4 mm of orbital floor displacement were more likely to receive surgical treatment than observation (82 vs. 56%, p = 0.045), as were patients with comminuted orbital floor fractures (52 vs. 26%, p = 0.011). In this cohort, patients more likely to undergo surgical reduction were young patients with ophthalmologic symptoms on presentation and at least 4 mm displacement of the orbital floor. Low kinetic energy ZMC fractures may warrant surgical management as often as high-energy ZMC fractures. While orbital floor comminution has been shown to be a predictor for operative reduction, in this study we also demonstrated a difference in the rate of reduction based on the severity of orbital floor displacement. This may have significant implications in both the triage and selection of patients most suitable for operative repair.
Benefits of precise endoscopic incision on post-dilation mucosal scars to treat refractory esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Lu Jiaoyang , Pan Ruozi , Fu Jindong , Li Shuhua , Ji Rui , Lu Xuefeng
Published: March 2023

Endoscopic dilation (ED) is the mainstream treatment for esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, some complex esophageal strictures do not respond well to dilation. Endoscopic radial incision (ERI) has proved to be effective in treating anastomotic strictures, but it is rarely used to treat post-ESD esophageal strictures due to technical difficulties and risks, not to mention the optimal method and timing to perform ERI. Here, we developed an integrated procedure in which ED was performed first, followed by ERI on the stiff scars that remained intact after dilation. The ED + ERI procedure resulted in complete, uniform expansion of the esophageal lumen. Between 2019 and 2022, 5 post-ESD patients who received a median number of 11 sessions of ED (range, 4–28) of ED over a period of 322 days (range, 246–584) but still had moderate to severe dysphagia were admitted. 2 or 3 sessions of ED + ERI were performed for each patient interspersed with ED. After a median number of 4 treatments (range, 2–9), all patients were symptom-free or had minimal symptoms. No serious complications occurred in any patients who underwent ED + ERI. Therefore, ED + ERI is safe, feasible, and may serve as a useful therapeutic method for refractory esophageal stricture after ESD.
Postoperative Outcomes of Femoral Neck Fracture Management in Dialysis-Dependent Patients
Authors: Klag Elizabeth A. , Ayoola Ayooluwa , Hennekes Mary E. , Charters Michael A. , North Wayne T.
Published: March 2023

Femoral neck fractures are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to abnormalities of bone metabolism. In patients on dialysis, femoral neck fractures have been shown to occur at a younger age than in nondialysis patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the associated complication rates of femoral neck fractures among dialysis patients treated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus hemiarthroplasty (HA) as well as evaluate for any differences in outcomes compared to the nondialysis patient population. This was a retrospective cohort study performed using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database that included 54,328 patients with femoral neck fractures managed surgically from 2006 to 2016. One-thousand seventy patients were identified as dialysis-dependent. Demographics, medical comorbidities, perioperative complication rates, and mortality rates were collected. Data was first analyzed descriptively and with analysis of variance or chi-squared analyses as appropriate. Odds ratios were then calculated for perioperative outcomes and complications. Femoral neck fractures in patients on dialysis occurred at a significantly younger age (73.3 vs. 77.0, p < 0.001) than nondialysis patients. In dialysis patients who underwent THA, complication rates, postoperative length of stay, readmission rates, and 1-year mortality were greater when compared to nondialysis patients. There were no significant differences in perioperative medical or surgical complication rates within the dialysis population when comparing THA to HA. Dialysis patients treated with THA for femoral neck fracture experience more complications compared to nondialysis patients. However, among dialysis patients treated with THA compared to HA, there were no significant differences in outcomes. THA is, therefore, a viable option for dialysis-dependent patients with femoral neck fractures who are otherwise medically stable.
New Evidence for Regulatory Role of Trigeminal Ganglion on the Intraocular Pressure Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Findik Huseyin , Kanat Ayhan , Aydin Mehmet Dumlu , Guvercin Ali Riza , Ozmen Sevilay
Published: March 2023

Background Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) likely secondary to an activated oculo-trigeminal reflex network is an important issue following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The relationship between the IOP and trigeminal ganglion (TGG) following experimental SAH was investigated in this study.

Methods Twenty-three rabbits were used in this study. Five rabbits (n = 5) were used as the control group, another 5 as the sham group (n = 5), and the remaining 13 (n = 13) as the study group. The study group was further divided into two groups of animals with mild (n = 6) and severe (n = 7) TGG degeneration. The IOP values were recorded. After 2 weeks, the animals were decapitated. The mean degenerated neuron density of TGGs was estimated by stereological methods and analyzed statistically.

Results The average IOP values were 11.85, 14.12, and 21.45 mm Hg in the control (n = 5), sham (n = 5), and study (n = 13) groups, respectively. The mean degenerated neuron density was 34, 237, and 3,165 mm3 in the control, sham, and study groups, respectively.

Conclusion According to the findings of this study, the experimental SAH leads to changes in IOP by affecting the TGG. By predicting and preventing IOP elevation in the setting of SAH, our findings will shed light on secondary sequelae such as glaucoma and irreversible blindness.
First Ultrasound-Assisted Thrombolysis for Pulmonary Embolism after Lung Surgery
Authors: Selten Koen , Durak Koray , Kersten Alexander , Kalverkamp Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Background Experience with early postoperative catheter-directed ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis (USAT) in high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is limited. A first case of USAT directly after pulmonary surgery is presented.

Case Description A 60-year-old female patient with two malignancies (triple negative breast cancer and pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma) underwent video-assisted lobectomy. The second postoperative day, she developed PE with hemodynamic deterioration. Note that 24 mg of alteplase was applied by USAT. After 3 days she was successfully weaned from ventilation and vasopressors.

Conclusion USAT for acute PE is possible after major pulmonary resections and seems promising if reperfusion is needed.
Adapting to a new home: resettlement and mental health service experiences of immigrant and refugee youth in Montreal
Authors: Gyan Charles , Chowdhury Farhin , Yeboah Ata Senior
Published: March 2023

Resettlement and mental health services are critical support systems for refugee and immigrant youth (RIY) as they navigate the complexities of settling into their new homes. These services play a vital role in meeting the needs of RIY and helping them feel welcomed into Canadian society. The purpose of this study is to provide insight into RIY’s experiences with resettlement and mental health service providers in Montreal, Canada. Adopting a descriptive quantitative research approach, this study utilized online surveys to gather data. The findings indicate that cultural and linguistic barriers are the major obstacles faced by refugee and immigrant youth when accessing resettlement and mental health services in Montreal. Protective resources, such as family, friends, and ethnic communities, were identified as important facilitators of successful integration into Canadian society. To improve services, cultural sensitivity should be a priority for providers, as recommended by this study. By acknowledging the significance of cultural barriers in accessing resettlement and mental health services, this study emphasizes the need for service providers to prioritize cultural sensitivity in their efforts to improve services.
Force analysis and fatigue life evaluation of oil well pump valve cover
Authors: Yuan Dexin , Wang Hanxiang , Liu Yanxin , Gong Zhaoyang
Published: March 2023

In the beam pumping system, the broken valve cover of the oil well pump frequently leads to oil well failure. This paper examined the alternating load of the oil well pump valve cover and predicted its fatigue life. First, the fluid–structure coupling simulation model of valve ball motion was established through the fluid dynamics simulation software Fluent to investigate the velocity of the valve ball impacting the valve cover. Based on the simulation results about the impact velocity of the valve ball, the mechanical model of the valve ball impacting the valve cover was constructed through ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the impact stress and change rule of the valve cover were analyzed. Then, the S-N fatigue curve of the common material of the valve cover was experimentally obtained. Based on the impact stress simulation results of the valve cover and the fatigue curve of the common material of the valve cover, the modified Miner’s Rule was applied to evaluate the fatigue life of the oil well pump valve cover. The results showed that the impact stress of the valve cover was positively related to the impact velocity of the valve ball, and the fatigue life of the 17-4 PH valve cover was longer than that of other materials. The above results not only provide a theoretical basis for the performance improvement and material selection of the valve cover but also contribute to the optimization of production parameters of the oil well.
Frequency tunable liquid metal on paper microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Kim Daeyoung , Doo Seok Joo , Chung Sang Kug , Lee Jeong Bong (JB)
Published: March 2023

We report a liquid metal microstrip antenna on a printing paper whose resonant frequency was tunable by folding the paper. The gallium-based alloy was used as liquid metal, which is instantly oxidized in ambient air. The oxidized liquid metal is easily wettable on printing paper surfaces, while it is non-wettable on laser-printed toner surfaces. An antenna with a 3 mm wide and 39 mm long copper-liquid metal overlapped-feedline linked to the liquid metal microstrip rectangle-shaped patch (40 × 31 mm2) was designed. The antenna pattern was printed on a printing paper using a laser printer. A liquid metal soaked roller was rolled on the antenna pattern printed paper, resulting in a liquid metal pattern where there was no toner. The resonant frequency of the liquid metal on the paper microstrip patch antenna was 2.88 GHz with −18.5 dB S11. The measured characteristics of the antenna were in good agreement with the simulation results. When the antenna was folded, the resonant frequency was changed to 2.68 GHz (x-axis folding) or 2.72 GHz (y-axis folding). Liquid metal on paper fabrication is simple but effective for creating custom-designed antennas that are easily re-designed and fabricated in the field.
Research on the spatial distribution of n-γ field outside of the spent fuel cask based on Monte Carlo method
Authors: Huang Cheng , Shi Guang , Shen Haibo , Li Kai , Feng Leyuan , Wang An
Published: March 2023

For systematically understanding the spatial distribution of the n-γ field and its dosage level outside of the spent fuel cask, we calculated the initial energy spectrum of both neutron and γ particles first. Then, in the Geant4 framework, we set up the sampling method of n-γ particles and built the physical model of the cask within fully loaded spent fuel modules to simulate the radiation field. Based on the simulation result, we plotted the spectrum of both neutron and γ particles and concluded the characteristics of the spectrum before and after penetrating the cask wall. At the end, we made a comparison of the simulation result with the field measurement data collected from the Daya Bay nuclear power plant (China) to test the validity of our model. The relative error of our simulation result with the field measurement data is 23.8%–33.7%. It is proven that our method can be a useful way to calculate the n-γ mixture field when multiple groups of spent fuel modules need to be transported in the future.
Study on a benchmark finite element model of a cable-stayed bridge based on ABAQUS and IM-HPO
Authors: Liu Jie , Yang Pengyuan , Liu Qingkuan , Wang Hailong , Bu Jianqing
Published: March 2023

To solve the problem that finite element analysis and calculation need to be repeated during model updates, which leads to tedious and inefficient correction work, ABAQUS (a powerful finite element software for engineering simulation) is used to develop a user-friendly graphical user interface platform for automatic completion of this update for cable-stayed bridges. In this paper, a method for establishing the benchmark finite element model of cable-stayed bridges based on ABAQUS and influence matrix (IM)-hunter prey optimization (HPO) is proposed. The method is based on the secondary development of ABAQUS to realize the modules of sensitivity analysis, influence matrix, and optimization. According to the sensitivity analysis module, the influence of the change in the finite element model parameters on the static response of a cable-stayed bridge is studied, and the cable area is used as the parameter to be corrected. The influence matrix module is used to obtain the IM of the cable area to girder displacement and cable force under a static load. The objective function is constructed by combining the measured displacement and cable force data using the optimization module, and the global optimal solution of the parameters to be corrected in the objective function is found by HPO. Finally, the solution is sent to the finite element model for correction, and the corrected displacement and cable force data are compared with the measured data. The results show that the modified calculation results obtained by this method are in good agreement with the measured results. The modified finite element model can be used as presented.
What is a register?
Authors: Biber Douglas , Egbert Jesse
Published: March 2023

Empirical studies of register variation have established the existence of functional correspondence between situation/context and language use. However, previous conceptualizations of register cannot adequately account for empirical findings which have revealed (i) situational and linguistic variation among texts within registers and (ii) texts that do not belong to a register. We propose an alternative conceptualization in which registers are culturally-recognized categories, as opposed to scientifically-defined categories. This allows us to describe registers for their typical characteristics as well as the variation among texts within register categories. It also allows us to account for the functional correspondence of texts that exist outside of register categories.