bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLYING MODERN MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES TO PRESERVE THE CULTURAL SPACE OF HISTORICAL CITIES USING THE CASE OF ST. PETERSBURG: METHODICAL APPROACHES
Authors: Антонова Анна , Antonova Anna , РАДУШИНСКАЯ Александра , RADUShINSKAYa Aleksandra , ШАРАПОВА Ольга , ShARAPOVA Ol'ga
Published: January 2018

The article is dedicated to the questions of using modern multimedia technologies for popularization of historical cities as tourist attractions from and for pre- serving cultural heritage by partially transferring the influence of mass tourist flows from the real world to the virtual reality.

The authors formulate the main theses of the "new normality", reflecting the specifics of the current stage of economic development and characterizing the environment in which managerial decisions are currently being taken. The au- thors also highlight the main trends and challenges of this "new normality" influencing the development of tourism industry and, particularly, tourism in historical cities.

The article notes that technical capabilities and marketing needs of the target audience of travelers should be taken into account. The authors classify modern, technically accessible technologies of augmented and virtual reality and their possibilities in the organization of tourism in historic cities. The article shows the role of storytelling technologies in the forming the audiences of potential tourists and the loyalty of attendees, who visit the historic city more than once. The results of online surveys conducted on a sufficiently wide sample substantiate the relevance of the approaches proposed by the authors. The material also shows the ways of using the augmented reality tools in historical cities. The authors raise the issues of the safe organization of virtual space in the historic cities and propose options for approbation of the developed approach in St. Petersburg.
ECOLOGICAL TOURISM IN URBANIZED AREAS
Authors: МИШЕЧКИН Геннадий , MISHECHKIN Gennady , ГОЛУБНИЧАЯ Светлана , GOLUBNICHAYA Svetlana
Published: January 2018

The article substitutes the relevance and priority of ecological tourism development in modern world, describes the theoretical and methodological basis of indicated type of tourism, gives a brief historical review of studying problem. Authors concentrate attention on development of ecological tourism in urbanized areas. Through the example of Donetsk region (Donetsk People's Republic)

– one of the most urbanized regions of the post-Soviet space – the main problems of ecological tourism development, prospects and potential opportunities for promotion of this direction in market of tourism are identified. The authors identify perspective objects of natural reserve fund for ecological tourism development in the region (using the cases of Amvrosievsky, Novoazovsky, Starobeshevsky, Shakhtersky districts and cities Gorlovka, Donetsk, Enakievo, Makeevka, Snezhnoe, Khartsyzsk), area of which is 3,7 % of common area of the region. The authors analyse the problems of using of these territories due to high population density, strong and negative anthropogenic impact. The authors calculate the quantitative indicators of security of the inhabitants of the region, which on the average is 80 m2 for one person. The specific measures for optimization and raise of efficiency of ecological tourism development in this region are proposed: zoning and monitoring of areas, ecological education and creating ecological worldview in public conscious, real and active involvement locals in tourist activity according to principles of sustainable development. The authors propose route “Green belt of Donbas’s” having a high potential for ecological tourism development in urbanized areas.
Riscos e incertezas manifestos no valor econômico de um investimento: um estudo de caso da OGX Petróleo e Gás
Authors: Savegnago Rogerio De Paiva , Soncini Álvaro José , Oliveira Antonio Benedito Silva
Published: January 2018

No mercado financeiro e de capitais brasileiro, muitas são as opções de investimentos para os poupadores de recursos. Entretanto, a decisão por tais opções dependerá basicamente do perfil do investidor e do retorno esperado do ativo a que se queira investir. Tendo em vista a questão do retorno sob a forma de expectativa da geração de fluxos de caixa futuros, somados aos riscos diversos e à incerteza, tanto sob o aspecto macroeconômico quanto do próprio negócio da empresa investida, pode-se afirmar, de início, que a subjetividade utilizada na avaliação de um ativo ou um negócio seja um dos itens considerados na definição do seu valor econômico. Nesse sentido, o objetivo central deste artigo é analisar como o risco e a incerteza, aliados à formação das expectativas na avaliação de um investimento, se manifestam na formulação do seu valor econômico. A pesquisa documental deste trabalho foi focada na análise da empresa OGX Petróleo e Gás S.A. (OGX) compreendendo o período de 2008 a 2015. Alguns anos após a abertura de seu capital, foi constatado, pela OGX, que boa parte dos ativos anteriormente reconhecidos não apresentavam viabilidade na exploração de petróleo e gás natural, resultando no reconhecimento em seu resultado de perdas na forma de impairment, o que ocasionou a queda do valor de suas ações. Desse modo, com base nos resultados apresentados neste estudo, pode-se inferir que o risco e a incerteza, aliados a formação das expectativas, tiveram forte influência na avaliação do valor econômico da ação da OGX.
Aplicação do desdobramento da função qualidade no atendimento de check-in de passageiros aeroportuários
Authors: Camargo Edilson Alexandre , Lima José Eduardo Salgueiro , Malaquias Carina Vanessa
Published: January 2018

Geralmente, quando as pessoas vão viajar de avião, elas se sentem nervosas e ansiosas, antes mesmo da aeronave decolar, isso faz com que elas tendam a criticar o primeiro atendimento que elas recebem no aeroporto ou na companhia aérea de sua preferência, pois precisam de atenção, agilidade e sentirem- se seguras para viajar. Na atualidade, a viagem de avião está presente em diversas classes econômicas, assim, as companhias aéreas por mais que tenha o seu público alvo, adaptaram seus colaboradores ao mercado, ou seja, o atendimento de linha de frente é direcionado para o cliente, tanto para passageiros executivos, que viajam com frequência e conhecem muitos procedimentos de segurança, quanto para aqueles passageiros brasileiros ou estrangeiros, que nunca viajaram de avião ou já viajaram, mas precisam de atenção e empatia do colaborador da companhia aérea para que sua viagem seja agradável. Este artigo apresenta a aplicação do método QFD (Desdobramento da Função Qualidade) em uma empresa aérea, aliado a ferramenta POP (Procedimento Operacional Padrão), a fim de identificar e atender as necessidades dos passageiros, os resultados obtidos mostram que 60% dos clientes estão satisfeitos com o atendimento dos colaboradores, porém no aspecto de infraestrutura medidas devem ser adotadas para melhorar os níveis de satisfação dos passageiros.
Análise das demonstrações contábeis: uma estrutura de avaliação de desempenho das companhias brasileiras pelos private equity a partir das informações divulgadas
Authors: Caetano Adriana , Candido Pereira Anísio , Severino Peters Marcos Reinaldo , De Almeida Santos Fernando
Published: January 2018

Os private equity analisam as demonstrações financeiras de maneira objetiva, prática, focando as informações quantitativas e, com certa frequência, têm sido surpreendidos por situações que não estavam registradas nas demonstrações contábeis, mas somente divulgadas e que afetam a rentabilidade de seus investimentos. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma estrutura de avaliação de desempenho de companhias brasileiras, corroborada com as informações divulgadas em suas demonstrações financeiras, a fim de auxiliar os investidores de private equity em estimar o valor de uma entidade. Para construção da pesquisa foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, com a finalidade de identificar os elementos relevantes na avaliação das empresas e foi desenvolvida a referida estrutura. Efetuou-se, ainda, uma triangulação entre os itens mencionados na estrutura de avaliação de desempenho e as informações apresentadas nas demonstrações financeiras das quatro empresas registradas no Bovespa Mais, dos segmentos de Energia Renovável e Tecnologia da Informação. Obteve-se como amostra as demonstrações financeiras com exercício em 31.12.2014 das empresas listadas no Bovespa Mais, que atuam nos segmentos de energia e energias renováveis, agronegócio e tecnologia da informação, sendo essas: a) Energia Renovável: Cia Águas do Brasil – CAB Ambiental e Desenvix Energias Renováveis S. A.; b) Tecnologia da Informação: Quality Software S.A. e Senior Solution S.A. Observou-se que há um o alto índice da presença dos itens da estrutura desenvolvida nas demonstrações financeiras das empresas analisadas, o que corrobora a possibilidade de utilização de tal estrutura no processo de estimação do valor de uma empresa.
A INCLUSÃO SOCIAL POR MEIO DO DESIGN E DA ERGONOMIA: DISPOSITIVO DE INPUT DE INFORMAÇÃO PARA PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NOS MEMBROS SUPERIORES
Authors: Gomes Daniela , Stamato Claudia , Dos Santos Luis Claudio Belmonte
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta o projeto de um dispositivo de input de informação que se comunica com computadores, teclado/mouse, para pessoas com malformação congênita de membros superiores. Objetivou-se minimizar os constrangimentos psicofisiológicos, antropométricos e biomecânicos do usuário ao longo da realização da tarefa, através da oferta de usabilidade no sistema.
INTERAÇÃO REATIVA E SUBJETIVIDADE EM SITES DE REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Nogueira Hamilton Garcia , Gonçalves Berenice Santos , Pereira Alice Therezinha Cybis
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão em torno do conceito de interação reativa, buscando uma ressignificação no âmbito dos sites de redes sociais. A partir de um método descritivo, observou-se a funcionalidade “curtir” no Facebook. Percebe-se um reposicionamento da interação reativa, antes limitada às interações sistemáticas, vinculadas às funcionalidades dos sistemas.
PARÂMETROS E REQUISITOS PARA O PROJETO DE ARTEFATOS PARA A ATIVIDADE DE DESENHO DA CRIANÇA COM PARALISIA CEREBRAL
Authors: Marcelino Juliana Fonsêca de Queiroz , Martins Laura Bezerra
Published: January 2018

A criança com paralisia cerebral apresenta dificuldade na programação e execução adequada dos movimentos, o que dificulta seu desempenho na atividade de desenho. Esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo estudar artefatos desenvolvidos para auxiliar o desenho desta criança e identificar a apresentação de parâmetros e requisitos no projeto destes artefatos.
DESIGN DE INTERFACES PERSONALIZADAS PARA O WEBSITE ADAPTATIVO
Authors: Reginaldo Thiago , Batista Claudia Regina , Baldessar Maria José
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento das interfaces personalizadas (infantil, adolescente e adulto) para o website adaptativo “Diferente todo mundo é!” que trata da Síndrome de Down. Foi adotado o método de projeto PDIWA que descreve esquematicamente cinco etapas de um processo iterativo: análise, conceito, desenvolvimento, protótipo e teste.
Cellular Energy Sensing and Metabolism—Implications for Treating Diabetes: The 2017 Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award Lecture
Authors: Steinberg Gregory R.
Published: January 2018

The Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award recognizes distinguished scientific achievement in the field of diabetes, taking into consideration independence of thought and originality. Gregory R. Steinberg, PhD, professor of medicine, Canada Research Chair, J. Bruce Duncan Endowed Chair in Metabolic Diseases, and codirector of the Metabolism and Childhood Obesity Research Program at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, received the prestigious award at the American Diabetes Association’s 77th Scientific Sessions, 9–13 June 2017, in San Diego, CA. He presented the Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award Lecture, “Cellular Energy Sensing and Metabolism—Implications for Treating Diabetes,” on Monday, 12 June 2017.

The survival of all cells is dependent on the constant challenge to match energetic demands with nutrient availability, a task that is mediated through a highly conserved network of metabolic fuel sensors that orchestrate both cellular and whole-organism energy balance. A mismatch between cellular energy demand and nutrient availability is a key factor contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes; thus, understanding the fundamental mechanisms by which cells sense nutrient availability and demand may lead to the development of new treatments. Glucose-lowering therapies, such as caloric restriction, exercise, and metformin, all induce an energetic challenge that results in the activation of the cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation of AMPK in turn suppresses lipid synthesis and inflammation while increasing glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial function. In contrast, high levels of nutrient availability suppress AMPK activity while also increasing the production of peripheral serotonin, a gut-derived endocrine factor that suppresses β-adrenergic–induced activation of brown adipose tissue. Identifying new ways to manipulate these two ancient fuel gauges by activating AMPK and inhibiting peripheral serotonin may lead to the development of new therapies for treating type 2 diabetes.
PENGARUH VARIASI PH TERHADAP KADAR FLAVONOID PADA EKSTRAKSI PROPOLIS DAN KARAKTERISTIKNYA SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA
Authors: Rismawati Suci Nurfazri , Ismiyati Ismiyati
Published: January 2018

ABSTRAKPropolis telah dikenal dikalangan masyarakat sebagai obat,  dan makanan kesehatan. Propolis merupakan  zat  resin  yang  dikumpulkan  oleh  lebah  madu  (stingless  bee  dan  honey  bee)  dari berbagai tanaman yang memiliki  khasiat seperti antimikroba, antioksidan, induksi  apoptosis  dan anti kanker. Propolis adalah substansi resin keras, maka diperlukan adanya proses ekstraksi untuk mendapatkan propolis yang siap  dikonsumsi. Tujuan  penelitian  ini adalah  untuk menganalisa pengaruh variasi pH terhadap proses ekstraksi propolis dengan pelarut air dan karakterisasinya sebagai  zat antimikroba. Ekstraksi  dilakukan dengan teknik  maserasi, dengan perbandingan bubuk propolis dan pelarut adalah 2:8, dengan variasi pH 2,4,6,8 dan 10. Flavonoid diukur dengan metode kolorimetri kompleksasi aluminium – flavonoid. Aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Staphylococcus aureus diukur dengan metode difusi disk dan pembentukan zona hambatan. Dari deret standar didapatkan hasil regresi sebesar 0,9995 dan kandungan flavonoid tertinggi didapatkan dengan menggunakan pelarut air pH 8 yaitu sebesar 62,6098 ppm. Aktifitas antibakteri dari propolis menunjukan hasil positif membentuk zona hambat pada pelarut air pH 8 yaitu sekitar 2,0 mm. Didapatkan persamaan persamaan garis linearnya yaitu y = 5,6029x - 4,2001 dengan nilai dengan R2 adalah 0,8289. Kadar flavonoid optimum ditunjukkan  pada ekstraksi pada pH 8 Kata kunci :aktivitas antimikroba, flavonoid, pH, propolis  ABSTRACTPropolis has been recognized among people as a medicine, and health food. Propolis is a resin substance collected by honey bee from various plants that have properties such as antimicrobials, antioxidants, apoptosis and anti-cancer. Propolis is a hard resin substance, it needs an extraction process to get propolis ready for consumption. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of pH variation on the extraction process of propolis with water solvent and its characterization as an antimicrobial agent. The extraction was done by maceration technique, with the ratio of propolis powder and solvent was 2: 8, with variation of pH 2,4,6,8 and 10. Flavonoids were measured by colorimetric complexation method of aluminum - flavonoids. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was measured by the disk diffusion method and the formation of the inhibitory zone. From the standard series obtained regression of 0.9995 and the highest flavonoid content obtained by using water solvent pH 8 which is equal to 62.6098 ppm. Antibacterial activity of propolis showed positive result form resistor zone on water solvent pH 8 which is about 2.0 mm. The linear equation equation equation is y = 5,6029x - 4,2001 with with R2 is 0,8289. The optimum flavonoid content is indicated on the extraction at pH 8  Keywords: antimicrobial activity, flavonoids, pH, propolis
ASSOCIATING LAND WITH PEOPLE: LAND AND COLLECTIVE IDENTITY AMONG THE SUKU ASLI OF SUMATRA
Authors: Osawa Takamasa
Published: January 2018

This paper explores some of the ways in which the connection between people and space has changed among the Suku Asli (‘Indigenous People’) living in Sumatra. The eastern coasts of Sumatra, Indonesia, are low and marshy lands, which are divided by numerous brackish rivers, and covered by vast mangrove forests. This region was a largely unpopulated area where some orang asli (‘indigenous’) groups and a few Malay people lived before the colonial era. ‘Suku Asli’ are one of the orang asli groups who were known as ‘Orang Hutan’ (Forest People) in the past - they lived along the banks as well as estuaries of rivers. Although their space was always somewhat of a ‘niche’ and did not exhibit any clear boundaries in terms of individual or collective ownership, the Suku Asli were confronted with the necessity to establish the boundaries after the state independence. However, their way of ensuring their land was not a simple one to claim their antecedent right of the land. At first in the 1960s, they joined the government deforestation programmes of hinterland ‘for giving lands to our children and grandchildren’. More recently, through the involvements with the ‘indigenous movement’ and environmentalism, they have tried to claim the rights of economically-worthless coastal marshy lands as their ‘ancestral lands’. In this paper, I try to describe the historical changes in the relation between the Suku Asli and the space surrounding them by focusing on the cultural 'logic' that is used to explain and support their connection to it - a 'logic' that enables the Suku Asli to conceptualize their relationship to land as both an embodiment and a manifestation of their collective identity.
Saberes de vida, para dar vida: historias de vida de comunicadores populares (Knowledge of life, to give life: life stories of popular communicators)
Authors: Cifuentes Andrade Andrés Enrique
Published: January 2018

La presente investigación busca reconstruir el oficio del comunicador inserto en procesos y proyectos participativos, sociales o comunitarios, a través de la metodología de historias de vida y su aplicación, enfocados en cómo se usan los saberes y oficios en sus prácticas, tratando de mostrar la manera en que perciben la academia desde su contexto. Los comunicadores seleccionados son personas que trabajan con las comunidades por vocación; se evidenciará aquí su experiencia y la especial sensibilidad social de su campo de acción. De esta manera, se abordó y se conversó con cuatro comunicadores: Néstor Cárdenas, Soraya Bayuelo, Alma Montoya y Jorge Uribe.
Síndrome de Mounier Kuhn: Relato de Caso
Authors: Freitas Beatriz Dias , Arcanjo Ana Talita Vasconcelos , Silva Ana Beatriz Gabriel , Rocha Bruna Vasconcellos , Lima Italo Abreu , Gomes Iago Parente , Dias Luise Vasconcelos , Azevedo Nanciara Silva , Brito Rafael Sousa
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: relatar caso de paciente diagnosticada com Síndrome de Mounier Kuhn, através de tomografia de tórax (TC) e broncoscopia após refratariedade ao tratamento de pneumonia. Método: feminino, 39 anos, tosse produtiva, febre e dispneia há 20 dias. Internada com diagnóstico de pneumonia. Radiografia de tórax apresentava consolidação em lobos inferiores e aumento do diâmetro traqueal. Com não melhora sintomatológica, realizada TC de tórax evidenciando traqueobroncomegalia e consolidações. Ampliado espectro antimicrobiano e prolongado tratamento até resolução. Resultados: refratariedade ao tratamento da pneumonia deve alertar para fatores causais, incluindo alterações anatômicas. Essa Síndrome é rara, caracterizada por dilatação traqueobrônquica e infecções respiratórias. Etiologia incerta e patologia relacionada à atrofia dos tecidos musculares e elásticos. Clínica varia de achado radiológico ocasional à insuficiência respiratória. TC de tórax conclui o diagnóstico. Conclusão: avaliação cuidadosa das vias aéreas é necessária nos pacientes refratários ao tratamento, doenças raras podem ser diagnosticadas, como a síndrome de Mounier-Kühn.
PREVALÊNCIA DE HIV EM CRIANÇAS/ADOLESCENTES EM UM CENTRO DE REFERÊNCIA NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Claudinei Mesquita da , Webber Rayssa Najua Maria Remor , Peder Leyde Daiane de , Horvath Josana Dranka , Teixeira Jorge Juarez Vieira , Bertolini Dennis Armando
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: determinar o perfil epidemiológico de crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo HIV em um centro de referência no Sul do Brasil. Método: Realizou-se uma análise descritiva, agrupadas pela idade, das características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e sorológica das crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo HIV, entre janeiro de 2005 a dezembro 2016. Resultados: Do total de 1717 pacientes infectados com HIV no período analisado, 110 (6,41%) eram crianças ou adolescentes. Em relação à idade no momento do diagnóstico da infecção, 38 (34,55%) possuíam idade até 12 anos e 72 (65,45%) possuíam entre 12-18 anos. A partir do ano de 2012 começou a ocorrer um decréscimo no número de casos de crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo HIV. O primeiro exame de contagens de células T CD4+ pós diagnóstico do HIV, mostrou que 41,11% dos pacientes possuíam contagens inferiores a 500 células/mm3. Conclusão: Adolescentes foram os principais acometidos. Medidas educativas eficazes são primordiais nessa população.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE ANTIBIOTERAPIA NO TRATAMENTO DE INFECÇÃO HOSPITALAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Alves Kelle Karolina
Published: January 2018

Objetivo sintetizar o conhecimento produzido na literatura científica sobre o uso de antibióticos utilizados no tratamento de infecção hospitalar, justificando-se assim por sintetizar e discutir recentes e importantes estudos na área. Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Resultados: A busca nas bases de dados possibilitou a seleção de cinco 5 artigos. A partir da análise dos dados inseridos no Quadro 1, observar-se com relação ao tipo de estudo 60% são do tipo retrospectivo, enquanto 20% é do tipo observacional e 20% de coorte. O ano de maior prevalência foi de 2014. Conclusão: Mediante o exposto, percebe-se que o tema tem grande relevância para os profissionais da saúde e deve ser ainda mais abordado, a fim de favorecer a construção de estratégias mais efetivas contra a IH, visto que a mesma é considerada um problema de saúde pública.
Profitability of Commercial Construction Companies in Australia
Authors: Chan Toong Khuan , Martek Igor
Published: January 2018

Increased competitiveness in the Australian building and construction industry has led to reduced profits for builders particularly for tier 1 builders offering essentially undifferentiated offerings. An analysis of the profitability of a sample of large commercial builders based in Victoria have confirmed that net profit margins for these companies are 2 and 3 percentage points of total revenues – wafer thin. The aims of this paper are to characterise the profitability of these commercial builders by examining a range of profitability measures, and to investigate this loss of value across the construction supply chain. The findings indicate that the average net profit margin has nearly halved from 3.2% in 2006 to 1.7% in 2015. Companies with large revenues, those exceeding $500 million annually, exhibit a generally lower profitability than smaller companies. Despite this lower profitability, return for shareholders remains reasonable with an average return on equity of 20% reflecting a shift to higher leverage, lower risk, asset light business model. Like all businesses, construction companies must demonstrate their financial viability by turning a profit and providing a convincing risk- adjusted return to their investors. Empirical evidence suggests that companies reporting low profitability are at increased risk of insolvency. Failure to acknowledge this may lead to serious financial implications for the industry and the economy.
The Core Functions of Project Governance
Authors: Too Eric , Le Tiendung , Weaver Patrick , Bourne Lynda
Published: January 2018

Research in the realm of projects is increasingly turning its focus on governance. Much has been written on the importance of good governance and the clear link between good governance and project success. However, few have delved into delineating the core functions of governance that is central to good governance. In this conceptual paper, we examine existing research ideas and concepts of project governance to develop a framework to add to the knowledge base of this subject. This paper proposes six core functions of project governance. They include (1) determining the objective, (2) determining the ethics, (3) creating the culture, (4) designing and implementing the governance structure, (5) ensuring accountability by management and (6) ensuring compliance. The framework described in this paper can provide guidance to organizations in the development of effective project governance to optimize the management of projects.
The Australian Residential Property Market: A Study on Foreign Real Estate Investment
Authors: Wong Peng , Wakefield Ron
Published: January 2018

This research focuses on determining the significance of foreign investment in the Australian residential property market subsequent to the Global Financial Crisis 2008. Quantitative models built on secondary data were tested on two residential property markets comprising Metropolitan Melbourne and a key suburb in the Victoria State, Australia. The relationship between the house price performances and various leading offshore and local Australian economic indicators were assessed. As a result of the increasing relevance of globalisation and Asia Pacific private wealth in the Australia, foreign real estate investment has impacted significantly the Melbourne residential property market performance. The result of this study provides a better understanding on the relationship between the Australian residential property market performance and the emerging significance of the foreign investment drivers. A better understanding of these foreign investment determinants will assist policy makers to effectively manage the Australian residential property market without compromising the steady flow of foreign real estate investment. The result of this study is believed to yield findings that can assist the researcher, property market operators and investors in the evaluation of foreign investments in the Australia residential housing market.
Significance of Culture and Education in Developing Smart Villages in India
Authors: Katharpi Velyne Ingti , Doloi Hemanta , Week David
Published: January 2018

Over 69% of Indian population that live across 0.6 million villages represent a significant part of Indian Society. However, little has been planned and invested in villages as compared to the urban areas. The fact that villages share only a little less than a quarter of the India’s GDP tells us about the lost potential. The sheer numbers are enough to hold as a good argument for planning and dedicated research and investment in this sector. In an effort to empower these rural communities for living with their potentials and contributing positively to the national economy, the creation of the smart villages would not only affect the future of settlements but also force significant changes in the lifestyle in the rural areas. Investigating the elements of the character of the villages and sense of belongingness to the community, this research aims to develop a framework for providing necessary education on the impacts on the vernacular characters of the place while promoting development, sustainability and affordability in the hills of Assam. The next few pages would briefly explain the essential and interdependent components that are part of a smart village, before elaborating on a typical rural house and its cultural elements that are architecturally displayed in the layout and use of spaces by the occupants. This research is only part of understanding the role and significance of culture and community as essential factors for developing rural and remote areas that would be socially acceptable.
Comparing Continuance Commitment in a Project Orientated Organization.
Authors: Morris Julia , Gilbert Guinevere
Published: January 2018

Organizational commitment is recognised as having a positive relationship with employee retention and performance, yet the nature of commitment in a project-orientated organization is unknown. Project orientated organizations are complicated by temporary teams, varying workloads and inability to guarantee future projects. To date, research in project orientated organizations treats employees as an homogenous body. Adopting a case study methodology, this research explored organizational commitment within a project organization, comparing staff within the organization. Employees were asked to complete an online instrument measuring affective, normative and continuance commitment. Analysis compared results from project managers, project staff and support staff. The research found that project managers reported stronger affective commitment; support staff reported the strongest normative and continuance commitment. The concept of self-investment by employees in the organization is explored as a possible cause of high continuance commitment amongst support staff. Project organizations can use this information to enhance their management of employees. It is important for an organization with project and non-project employees to understand and meet the needs of different roles. The research concludes that the projectification of organizations has wider human resource management and productivity implications and requires further investigation.
STUDY OF MODIS-AQUA DATA FOR MAPPING TOTAL SUSPENDED MATTER (TSM) IN COASTAL WATERS
Authors: TRISAKTI BAMBANG , PARWATI - , BUDIMAN SYARIF
Published: January 2018

The MODIS-Aqua data have been studied to map TSM distribution in coastal waters. TSM algorithm model for MODIS data with spatial resolution of 250 m, 500 m and 1000 m was developed by correlating the TSM derived from spectral values of MODIS and the TSM derived from Landsat-7 ETM data using the calibrated algorithm. Statistical test was conducted to see normality of data and level of influence from both parameters. Analysis was conducted to see the change of spectral value from bands of MODIS data with resolution of 1000 m towards the change of level of TSM concentration. The results shows
that the TSM algorithm model is in the form of power (Xa) with the highest correlation coefficient is obtained from the correlation between the Landsat TSM value with the quantification of band 1 and band 2 of MODIS data for spatial resolution 250 m, ratio of band 4 and band 3 for spatial resolution 500 m, and ratio of band 13 and 11 for spatial resolution 1000 m. The pattern of TSM distribution in coastal waters can be identified in more accurate using MODIS data with resolution of 250 m and 500 m. The analysis result of the curve of MODIS spectral value data with resolution 1000 m shows that the change of TSM concentration influences significantly to the form of curve of spectral value, especially for band 11 - 16 ( visible green, red and NIR).
Keywords : MODIS-Aqua, Landsat, TSM algorithm model, spatial resolution, curve of spectral value
THE ASSESSMENT OF PELAGIC FISH STOCK AND ITS DISTRIBUTIONS IN INDIAN OCEAN BY SPLIT BEAM ACOUSTIC SYSTEM
Authors: ARNAYA I NYOMAN
Published: January 2018

The assessment of pelagic fish stock and its distribution in Indian Ocean, especially southern part of Java-Bali-Lombok, was conducted by SIMRAD EK-500 Split-beam Acoustic System, in October-November 2001. The research was carried out by R/V Baruna Jaya VII of Indonesia Institute of Science (LIPI), under the Fish Stock Assessment Project in Indonesian Waters of fiscal year 2001. As a result, it can be reported that (I) the dominant species of pelagic fish distributed in this area is small pelagic fish with target strength (TS) values between -54.00 dB to - 37.60 dB, absolute density of between 0.07 to 218 fish/1000 m\ and total fish stock of 526.570 ton/year; (2) the large pelagic fish (some species of tuna) also distributed in the area with average TS of -27 dB, absolute density between 0.00 to 0.07 fish/100 m\ and total fish stock of 386,260 ton/year. This result still needs more accurate verification, especially on the species composition and individual size of fish by a more appropriate biological sampling method (mid-water trawl). Consequently, more acoustical surveys combined with oceanographic sampling and exploratory fishing are needed to evaluate the existing condition of marine fish resources in the area, in order to optimize and set up the relevant and accurate fisheries management plan for suitable and responsible utilization offish resources. Keywords: Split-beam Acoustic System, Fish Stock Assessment, Target Strength, Density, Distribution, Indian Ocean (southern part of Java-Bali-Lombok).
STUDY ON VARIABILITY MECHANISM OF 1997/1998 ENSO IN PACIFIC OCEAN AND EASTERN PART OF INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO
Authors: Chandra Luh Made , Ratnasari Astiti , Hendrawan I Gede , Astawa Karang I Wayan Gede , Sugimori Yasuhiro
Published: January 2018

El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of the most important climate anomalies humans are concerned about. It brought many changes in physical of the ocean. This phenomenon causes changes in sea surface temperature (SST). During El-Nino condition, the SST is much warmer in eastern side of Pacific Ocean than normal condition, and during La-Nina event the SST in eastern Pacific Ocean is cooler than normal condition. From July 1997, the warm water has spread from the western Pacific Ocean towards the east and the winds in the western Pacific were blowing strongly towards the east, pushing the warm water eastward on December 1997 and January 1998. Strong La-Nina condition water extended farther westward than usual. In October 1997, during El-Nino event 1997, the SST in eastern part of Indonesia Archipelago was cooler. The varies of SST in PacificOcean during El-Nino 1997 was influenced the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF). During El-Nino event 1997, surface current flown strongly from Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean On the other hand, since March 1998 the surface current inversed from Indonesian Sea to the Pacific Ocean. Keywords: ENSO, SST, ITF.
STUDY OF SHORT MACKEREL CATH, SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE, AND CHLOROPHYLL -A IN THE MAKASSAR STRAIT
Authors: Semedi Bambang , Dewanti Dimyati Ratih
Published: January 2018

The Makassar Strait is the major fishing ground for Short Mackerel (Rastrelliger spp) fisheries in South Sulawesi, Indonesia using both commercial fishing vessels and boats with traditional fishing gear. Though Short Mackerel is one of dominant commercial food fishes in South Sulawesi, the annual Cath per Unit Effort (CPUE) has been decreasing from year to year. In 2000, the total of annual CPUE was 22,117 tons and in 2007, it was 17,596 tons. The purpose of this research was to forecast the fishing ground of Short Mackerel employing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images in Makassar Strait territory with the study interest of 3 S and to 5 S and 118 E to 120 E. This research was conductade from September 15 to October 20, 2007. Fishing data were collected from the fishermen including fishing locations, catch, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll concentrations. To determine the relationship between cacth and oceanographic parameters, linear regression was employed. We also examined sea surface temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll-a concentration field data vs. MODIS satellite data. The result showed that SST andChlorophyll distributions have close relationship with the distribution of fishing location of Short Mackerel. The fishing location tends to spread on the waters with the SST ranged from 26 degree of celcius to 29 degree of celcius and Chlorophyll concentration from 1.19 mg per m to 1.25 mg per m. Keywords: Chlorophyll-a, MODIS, Sea Surface Temperature.
ESTIMATION OF TIDAL ENERGY DISSIPATION AND DIAPYCNAL DIFFUSIVITY IN THE INDONESIAN SEAS
Authors: Astawa Karang I Wayan Gede , Nishio Fumihiko , Osawa Takahiro
Published: January 2018

The Indonesian Seas separating the Indian Ocean from the West Pacific Oceanare representative regions of strong tidal mixing in the world oceans. In the present study,we first carry out numerical simulation of the barotropic tidal elevation field in theIndonesian Seas using horizontally two-dimensional primitive equation model. It is foundthat, to reproduce realistic tidal elevations in the Indonesian Seas, the energy lost by theincoming barotropic tides to internal waves within the Indonesian seas should be taken intoaccount. The numerical experiments show that the model predicted tidal elevations in theIndonesian Seas best fit the observed data when we take into account the baroclinic energyconversion in the Indonesian Seas ~86.1 GW for the M2 tidal constituent and ~134.6 GWfor the major four tidal constituents (M2, S2, K1, O1). For this baroclinic energy conversion,the value of Kñ averaged within the eastern area (Halmahera, Seram, Banda and MalukuSeas), the western area (Makassar and Flores Seas), and the southern area (Lombok Straitand Timor Passage) are estimated to be ~23 × 10-4 m2s-1, ~5 × 10-4 m2s-1, and ~10× 10-4m2s-1, respectively. This value is about 1 order of magnitude more than assumed for theIndonesian Seas in previous ocean general circulation models. We offer this study as awarning against using diapycnal diffusivity just as a tuning parameter to reproduce largescalephenomena.
THE USE OF MODIS DATA TO EXTRACT A DUST STORM PRODUCT
Authors: Abed Faten G , Abed Ali Abed Alkareem , Nasser Eshtar H
Published: January 2018

Iraq in the summer is affected by low pressure centered in the area of Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean, and the high pressure region in the plateau of Anatolia. This climate system causes that the Shamal wind blows from the plateau of Anatolia in the north and northwest with relatively cold temperature. From mid-June to mid-September, the wind is accompanied with intensive heating of the earth surface causing dust storms rising up to thousand meters in the atmosphere above Iraq region. In recent years, the frequency of dust storm events was increased in Iraq and its surrounding regions due to the long drought seasons. Unsupervised classification method was used to determine the intensity of the dust storm and to identify the area of dust cloud. In this study, we were able to map dust storm over Iraq region using MODIS Terra and Aqua satellite data within thermal bands (band 31 and 32), and visible band VIS (band 1). Other thermal band (band 21) was used to produce RGB composite image specifying the dust storm. A spectral subtraction between two bands was also used to produce another RGB composite image to obtain better detection for the dust storm over Iraq region.
COASTAL UPWELLING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF WESTERLY WIND BURST IN THE NORTH OF PAPUA CONTINENT, WESTERN PACIFIC
Authors: Waas Harold J.D. , Siregar Vincentius P , Jaya Indra , Gaol Jonson Lumban
Published: January 2018

Coastal upwelling play an important role in biological productivity and the carbon cycle in the ocean. This research aimed to examine the phenomenon of coastal upwelling that occur in the coastal waters north of Papua continent under the influence of Westerly Wind Burst(WWB) prior to the development of El Nino in the Pacific. Data consisted of sea surface temperature, vertical oceanic temperature, ocean color satellite image, wind stress and vector wind speed image, sea surface high, and Nino 3.4 index. Coastal upwelling events in the northern coastal waters of Papua continent occurred in response to westerly winds and westerly wind burst (WWBs) during December to March characterizing by low sea surface temperature (SST) (25 - 28C), negative sea surface high deviation and phytoplankton blooming, except during pre-development of the El Nino 2006/2007 where weak upwelling followed by positive sea surface high deviation. Strong coastal upwelling occurred during two WWBs in December and March1996/1997 with maximum wind speed in March produced a strong El Nino 1997/1998. Upwelling generally occurred along coastal waters of Jayapura to Papua New Guinea with more intensive in coastal waters north of Papua New Guinea indicated by Ekman transport and Ekman layer depth maximum.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID (TSS) AND CORAL REEF GROWTH (CASE STUDY OF DERAWAN ISLAND, DELTA BERAU WATERS)
Authors: Parwati Ety , Kartasasmita Mahdi , Soewardi Kadarwan , Kusumastanto Tridoyo , Nurjaya I Wayan
Published: January 2018

Total suspended solid (TSS) is one of the water quality parameters and limiting factor affecting coral reef growth. In this study, we used the algorithm of TSS= 3.3238*e(34.099* Green band) (where green band is reflectance band 2) to extract TSS from Landsat satellite data. The algorithm was validated with field data. Water column correction method developed by Lyzenga was used to map coral reef. The result showed that the coral reef area in Berau waters decreased significantly (about 12,805 ha or around 36 % ) from the year of 1979 to 2002. The most coral reef reduced area was detected around Derawan Island (about 5,685 ha). Further, some areas changed into sand dune. TSS concentration around Delta Berau and Derawan Island increased aproximately twice from 15- 35 mg/l in 1979 to 20-65 mg/l in 2002. The increase of TSS concentration was followed by the decrease of coral reef area.
DOWNWELLING DIFFUSE ATTENUATION COEFFICIENTS FROM IN SITU MEASUREMENTS OF DIFFERENT WATER TYPES
Authors: Nababan Bisman , Louhenapessy Veronica S.A. , Arhatin Risti E
Published: January 2018

Process of light reduction or loss (attenuation) by scattering and absorption is affected bysolar zenith, time, depth, and seawater constituents. Downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd)is important to understand for light penetration and biological processes in ocean ecosystem. It is,therefore, important to know the Kd value and its variability in ocean ecosystem. The objective of thisstudy was to determine downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficients and its variability form in situmeasurements of different water types. In situ downwelling irradiances (Ed) were measured using asubmersible marine environmental radiometer instrument (MER) during a clear sky, calm watercondition, and at the time range of 10:30 a.m. up to 14:00 p.m. local time in the northeastern Gulf ofMexico in April 2000. In general, Ed values decreases exponentially with depth. Ed at 380 nmexhibited the lowest attenuation (the most penetrative light), while Ed at 683 nm exhibited the highestattenuation (the most light loss at the top of water column). Overall, the Kd patterns tended to decreasefrom 380 nm to 490 nm (blue-green wavelength), and increase from 490 nm to 683 nm (green-redwavelength). Kd values in offshore region were relatively lower than in coastal region. Kd can be usedto determine the depth of euphotic zone in offshore or teh case-1 water type and the depth of oneoptical depth (the water column depth where the ocean color satellite can possibly sense).
RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFICATION OF JAMBI AND SOUTH SUMATERA USING ALOS PALSAR DATA
Authors: Rahayu Mulia Inda , Sambodo Katmoko Ari
Published: January 2018

Recently, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite imaging has become an increasing popular data source especially for land cover mapping because its sensor can penetrate clouds, haze, and smoke which a serious problem for optical satellite sensor observations in the tropical areas. The objective of this study was to determine an alternative method for land cover classification of ALOS-PALSAR data using Random Forest (RF) classifier. RF is a combination (ensemble) of tree predictors that each tree predictor depends on the values of a random vector sampled independently and with the same distribution for all trees in the forest. In this paper, the performance of the RF classifier for land cover classification of a complex area was explored using ALOS PALSAR data (25m mosaic, dual polarization) in the area of Jambi and South Sumatra, Indonesia. Overall accuracy of this method was 88.93%, with producer’s accuracies for forest, rubber, mangrove & shrubs with trees, cropland, and water classes were greater than 92%.
Dangerous Letters: A Biographer’s Perspective1
Authors: Lee Hermione
Published: January 2018

This chapter considers the seduction and the challenge of written letters for the literary biographer. Letters are both dangerous and attractive tools for the biographer; they often lie, but the lies are an important part of the subject’s behaviour. They should not be used by the biographer as pure data, but as mixtures of negotiation, performance, and partial self-expression. The essay takes a few powerful examples of writers’ letters from the late nineteenth and early to mid twentieth century, a period when writers were increasingly conscious of the dangers of the public exposure of the private life. Writers discussed include John Keats and Katherine Mansfield.
Editing Twentieth-Century Letters: The Road to Words in Air
Authors: Travisano Thomas
Published: January 2018

This chapter offers a personal account of how its author came to edit Words in Air: The Complete Correspondence of Elizabeth Bishop and Robert Lowell (2008). In doing so it reflects on how previous editions of correspondence were edited, including The Letters of Ezra Pound: 1907-1941 (1950), and the extent to which letter writing offers readers powerful examples of literary style while at the same time providing deep glimpses into personal and literary history. The chapter also considers how the practice of editing and publishing the letters of poets has changed since 1950.
Just Letters: Corresponding Poets
Authors: Haughton Hugh
Published: January 2018

This chapter explores poets’ letters as ‘an art form’ in the post-Romantic period, exploring the bearing of poets’ letters on their poems (and vice versa). It reflects on the key role played by epistolary dialogue in the creation and circulation of poetry in the modern period, documenting the ways poets first launched poems in letters to friends, and used letters to sketch out their ideas about poetry and poetics. It comment on the practice of a number of nineteenth-century poets who used letters to launch ideas about their poetry (including Keats, the Brownings, Hopkins and Emily Dickinson), before moving on to consider the equally crucial role of correspondence in the work of twentieth-century poets (including Bishop, Lowell, Marianne Moore, Ted Hughes, Sylvia Plath, and Philip Larkin). In offering a survey of this broad epistolary territory, it also outlines an idea of an epistolary poetics.
Epistolary Psychotherapy: The Letters of Edward Thomas and Philip Larkin
Authors: Longley Edna
Published: January 2018

This chapter takes a psychological approach to the letters of Edward Thomas and Philip Larkin; and to the relation between their letters and their poems. The main focus is on Thomas’s correspondence with the poet and playwright Gordon Bottomley (an invalid, who lived in the Lake District); and on Larkin’s letters to his lover Monica Jones. The chief ground for comparison is that both Thomas and Larkin are lyric poets, whose letters can be read as rehearsals for poetic psychodrama. The word ‘psychotherapy’ suggests that they write letters which seek relief from inner distress, and which may themselves relieve it.