bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hematopoietic stem cells debut in embryonic lymphomyeloid tissues of elasmobranchs
Authors: Manca Rosa , Glomski Chester , Pica Alessandra
Published: October 2019

The evolutionary initiation of the appearance in lymphomyeloid tissue of the hemopoietic stem cell in the earliest (most primitive) vertebrate model, i.e. the elasmobranch (chondroichthyan) Torpedo marmorata Risso, has been studied. The three consecutive developmental stages of torpedo embryos were obtained by cesarean section from a total of six pregnant torpedoes. Lymphomyeloid tissue was identified in the Leydig organ and epigonal tissue. The sections were treated with monoclonal anti-CD34 and anti-CD38 antibodies to detect hematopoietic stem cells. At stage I (2-cm-long embryos with external gills) and at stage II (3-4 cm-long embryos with a discoidal shape and internal gills), some lymphoid-like cells that do not demonstrate any immunolabeling for these antibodies are present. Neither CD34+ nor CD38+ cells are identifiable in lymphomyeloid tissue of stage I and stage II embryos, while a CD34+CD38- cell was identified in the external yolk sac of stage II embryo. The stage III (10-11-cm-long embryos), the lymphomyeloid tissue contained four cell populations, respectively CD34+CD38-, CD34+CD38+, CD34-CD38+, and CD34-CD38- cells. The spleen and lymphomyeloid tissue are the principal sites for the development of hematopoietic progenitors in embryonic Torpedo marmorata Risso. The results demonstrated that the CD34 expression on hematopoietic progenitor cells and its extraembryonic origin is conserved throughout the vertebrate evolutionary scale.
β-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase activity differentiates unfrozen from frozen-thawed Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)
Authors: Bernardi Cristian , Tirloni Erica , Stella Simone , Anastasio Aniello , Cattaneo Patrizia , Colombo Fabio
Published: October 2019

Changes in the β-hydroxyacyl-CoAdehydrogenase (HADH) activity of fresh and frozen-thawed Yellowfin tuna were examined. A statistical approach to HADH activities determined in press juice allowed to set a critical value to differentiate fresh from frozen-thawed Yellowfin tuna: the threshold value was 3.7 U mL-1 at the probability level of 1%. The analysis of 37 tuna (not ready to eat) sampled on retail revealed the unconformity to labelling of 4 samples. A simple statistical algorithm was built to get probabilities from observed values on tuna of being or not frozen/thawed.
La crisi degli ospedali / The crisis of hospitals
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: October 2019

Non disponibile / Not available
Assessment of CT angiographic findings in comparison with echocardiography findings of chest among patients with aortic arch anomalies
Authors: Soleimantabar Hussein , Sabouri Sofia , Khedmat Leila , Salajeghe Samira , Memari Behzad , Heshmat Ghahderijani Bahareh
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study was to examine the findings of computed tomographic (CT) angiography in patients with aortic arch anomalies in comparison with transthoracic echocardiography findings who referred to a private imaging center in Tehran during 2009-2012. The cases included 203 patients with clinical symptoms or echocardiogram of congenital heart disease to assess the presence of aortic arch anomalies among patients referred to imaging center. This study is a retrospective study based on the CT angiographic findings in comparison with transthoracic echocardiography findings of chest among patients with aortic arch anomalies. In this study, 203 patients with congenital anomalies were enrolled in the study, among those, 107 patients were men and 96 were female. The most common anomaly of the aortic arch was found to be coarctation (19.7%), followed by right sided arch with mirror image branching (19.2%). Furthermore, the most common cardiac anomalies associated with aortic arch anomalies were VSD, PA and PDA. The sensitivity and specificity of transthoracic echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic arch anomalies was 59% and 100% in comparison with CT angiography. In addition, the agreement between the two methods (kappa) in the diagnosis of aortic arch anomalies was 0.72. But, transthoracic echocardiography is the first diagnostic method for patients with congenital heart disease. In some patients, the ability of this method was limited to the detection of coronary artery anomalies and thoracic vessels. Therefore, CT is used for morphological evaluation of congenital heart disease (CHD) due to its main advantages including fast acquisition time, large anatomical coverage, high speed, and great spatial resolution. Moreover, CT is essential for proper evaluation of CHD regarding its high spatial and temporal resolution.
Theosis in die Oosters-Ortodokse en Westers-Protestantse teologiese debat
Authors: Van Wyk Barend J.
Published: October 2019

Theosis in the Eastern-Orthodox and Western-Protestant theological debate: All major religions agree on one theme, namely they strive to provide an answer regarding the relation with their God. A good relation to God is the way of salvation, because the question about God is an acknowledgement that a human being needs to be in union with God. Some questions and answers are only possible in the relation between God and humankind. The well-known saying from the letter to the Romans (1:17), is typical of such a relation formulated in the Western Protestant debate in forensic style. From the Eastern orthodox theological debate, theosis is used in accordance to what the church father Irenaeus meant: ‘God became human that we might become divine’. This article gives a definition of theosis, sketch the historic background of the concept, discuss salvation in the Western theological tradition, and pays attention to a theosis scriptural basis. Furthermore, attention is also given to Martin Luther and theosis as an indication that his view of salvation was much closer to theosis as was readily accepted in the Western theological debate since the Reformation of the 16th century.
Spectral atoms of unimodular random trees
Authors: Salez Justin
Published: October 2019

We use the Mass Transport Principle to analyze the local recursion governing the resolvent

(A-z)^{-1}

of the adjacency operator of unimodular random trees. In the limit where the complex parameter

z

approaches a given location

\lambda

on the real axis, we show that this recursion induces a decomposition of the tree into finite blocks whose geometry directly determines the spectral mass at

\lambda

. We then exploit this correspondence to obtain precise information on the pure-point support of the spectrum, in terms of expansion properties of the tree. In particular, we deduce that the pure-point support of the spectrum of any unimodular random tree with minimum degree

\delta\ge 3

and maximum degree

\Delta

is restricted to finitely many points, namely the eigenvalues of trees of size less than

\frac{\Delta-2}{\delta-2}

. More generally, we show that the restriction

\delta\ge 3

can be weakened to

\delta\ge 2

, as long as the anchored isoperimetric constant of the tree remains bounded away from 0. This applies in particular to any unimodular Galton–Watson tree without leaves, allowing us to settle a conjecture of Bordenave, Sen and Virág (2013). Finally, we produce explicit examples of non-regular trees whose spectrum is completely atom-free.
Outdoor Areas Lighting with LEDs – the Competition Between Scotopic Efficacy and Light Pollution
Authors: Fryc Irena , Tabaka Przemyslaw
Published: October 2019

In this paper the effect of typical outdoor LED lamps on star visibility index SVI was analyzed. For those lamps the spectral power distribution SPD, the nearest color temperature CCT [K] and efficacy n [lm/W] are provided. For given lamp, the SVI has been defined as ratio of its scotopic flux to scotopic flux created by full moon. The calculations shows that, the use of lamps with low CCT does not significantly affect the of the value SVI. Unfortunately from an economic point of view, those kind of lamps are less attractive in applications because of their low n. Full Text: PDF ReferencesC. Rich, T. Longcore, eds., Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting, Island Press, Washington, DC (2006) DirectLink T. Longcore, C. Rich, Ecological light pollution. Front Ecol Environ 2(4), (2004). CrossRef K. J. Navara, R. J. Nelson, The dark side of light at night: physiological, epidemiological, and ecological consequences. J Pineal Res 43, (2007) CrossRef A. Bierman, Will switching to LED outdoor lighting increase sky glow, Lighting Res. Technol., Vol. 44, (2012). CrossRef Ch. B. Luginbuhl, P. A. Boley, D. R. Davis, The impact of light source spectral power distributionon sky glow, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, (2014). CrossRef M. Aube, J. Roby J, M. Kocifaj, Evaluating Potential Spectral Impacts of Various Artificial Lights on Melatonin Suppression, Photosynthesis, and Star Visibility. PLOS ONE, Vol. 8, (2013). CrossRef J. A. Brons, J. D. Bullough, M. S. Rea, Outdoor site-lighting performance: A comprehensive and quantitative framework for assessing light pollution, Lighting Res. Technol., Vol. 40, (2008). CrossRef I. Fryc, P. Tabaka, The night sky light pollution created by outdoor luminaires, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 93, No. 6, (2017). CrossRef I. Fryc, F. Bisegna, P. Tabaka, Lighting of recreation grounds as a source of sky glow - the influence of luminaire type on this phenomenon, 1st IEEE International Conference On Environment And Electrical Engineering and 17th IEEE Industrial And Commercial Power Systems Europe (2017). CrossRef Chr. B. Luginbuhl, C. E. Walker, R. J. Wainscoat, Lighting and astronomy, Physics Today 62, 12, 32 (2009). CrossRef G. W. Lockwood, D. T. Thompson, and R. D. Floyd, Sky glow and outdoor lighting trends since 1976 at The Lowell Observatory, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Volume 102, Number 650, (1990). CrossRef Ch. B. Luginbuhl, P. A. Boley, D. R. Davis, D. M. Duriscoe, The effects of lamp spectral distribution on sky glow over observatories. Highlights ofastronomy Vol. 16, 2014, as presented at the XXVIIIth generalassembly of the international Astronomical Union, Beijing, China,August 20-31, (2012). CrossRef
Optical properties of daylight curable resin doped with nanodiamond powder
Authors: Królewski Krzysztof , Wieloszyńska Aleksandra , Kamińska Aleksandra Maria , Kardacz Katarzyna
Published: October 2019

In this paper creating optical elements with the use of 3D printing technology was elaborated on. A special focus was put on the properties of nanodiamond and possibilities of applying it in 3D printing process in a mixture with the standard 3D printing resin. Several printouts have been completed, starting from the calibration printouts and ending with optical flats and both cylindrical and spherical lenses. The printouts have been tested for their abilities to transmit and absorb light in a wide spectrum of wavelengths. Full Text: PDF ReferencesL. Ding, R. Wei, and H. Che, Development of a BIM-based automated construction system, Procedia Engineering 85, 123-131 (2014). CrossRef L. Fang, T. Chen, R. Li, S. Liu, Application of embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors in monitoring health to 3D printing structures, IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(17), 6604-6610 (2016). CrossRef G. B. Kim, S. Lee, H. Kim, D. H. Yang, Y. H. Kim, Y. S. Kyung, et al., Three-dimensional printing: basic principles and applications in medicine and radiology, Korean Journal of Radiology, 17(2), 182-197 (2016). CrossRef J. W. Stansbury, M. J. Idacavage, 3D printing with polymers: Challenges among expanding options and opportunities, Dental Materials, 32(1), 54-64 (2016). CrossRef G. H. Wu, S. H. Hsu, Polymeric-based 3D printing for tissue engineering, Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering, 35(3), 285-292 (2015). CrossRef https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=6973&tabname=N-BK7 DirectLink https://www.thorlabs.com/images/TabImages/UVFS_Transmission_780.gif DirectLink U. Kalsoom, A. Peristyy, P. N. Nesterenko, B. Paull, A 3D printable diamond polymer composite: a novel material for fabrication of low cost thermally conducting devices, RSC Advances, 6(44), 38140-38147 (2016). CrossRef K. M. El-Say, Nanodiamond as a drug delivery system: Applications and prospective, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 01(06), 29-39 (2011). DirectLink K. Królewski, MA thesis, 3D printing of optical elements from diamond powders, (2018).
Spring 2013
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: October 2019

Vol. 8, No. 2
Comparison of Optimal Estimation HDO/H2O Retrievals from AIRS with ORACLES measurements
Authors: Herman Robert L. , Worden John , Noone David , Henze Dean , Bowman Kevin , Cady-Pereira Karen , Payne Vivienne H. , Kulawik Susan , Fu Dejian
Published: October 2019

Abstract. In this paper we evaluate new retrievals of the deuterium content of water vapor from the Aqua Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) with aircraft measurements of HDO and H2O from the ObseRvations of Aerosols above Clouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) field mission. Single footprint AIRS radiances are processed with an optimal estimation algorithm that provides a vertical profile of the HDO/H2O ratio, characterized uncertainties, and instrument operators (or averaging kernel matrix). These retrievals are compared to vertical profiles of the HDO/H2O from the Oregon State University Water Isotope Spectrometer for Precipitation and Entrainment Research (WISPER) on the ORACLES NASA P-3B Orion aircraft. Measurements were taken over the Southeast Atlantic Ocean from 31 August to 25 September 2016. HDO/H2O is commonly reported in delta-D notation, which is the fractional deviation of the HDO/H2O ratio from the standard reference ratio. For collocated measurements, the satellite operator (averaging kernels and a priori constraint) is applied to the aircraft profile measurements. We find that AIRS delta-D bias relative to the aircraft is well within the estimated measurement uncertainty. In the lower troposphere, 1000 to 800 hPa, AIRS delta-D bias is −6.6‰ and the Root Mean Square (RMS) deviation is 20.9‰, consistent with the calculated uncertainty of 19.1‰. In the mid-troposphere, 800 to 500 hPa, AIRS delta-D bias is 6.8‰ and RMS 44.9‰, comparable to the calculated uncertainty of 25.8‰.
Effects of eutrophication on sedimentary organic carbon cycling in five temperate lakes
Authors: Fiskal Annika , Deng Longhui , Michel Anja , Eickenbusch Philip , Han Xingguo , Lagostina Lorenzo , Zhu Rong , Sander Michael , Schroth Martin H. , Bernasconi Stefano M. , Dubois Nathalie , Lever Mark A.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Even though human-induced eutrophication has severely
impacted temperate lake ecosystems over the last centuries, the effects on
total organic carbon (TOC) burial and mineralization are not well
understood. We study these effects based on sedimentary records from the
last 180 years in five Swiss lakes that differ in trophic state. We compare
changes in TOC content and modeled TOC accumulation rates through time to
historical data on algae blooms, water column anoxia, wastewater treatment,
artificial lake ventilation, and water column phosphorus (P) concentrations.
We furthermore investigate the effects of eutrophication on rates of
microbial TOC mineralization and vertical distributions of microbial
respiration reactions in sediments. Our results indicate that the history of
eutrophication is well recorded in the sedimentary record. Overall,
eutrophic lakes have higher TOC burial and accumulation rates, and
subsurface peaks in TOC coincide with past periods of elevated P
concentrations in lake water. Sediments of eutrophic lakes, moreover, have
higher rates of total respiration and higher contributions of methanogenesis
to total respiration. However, we found strong overlaps in the distributions of
respiration reactions involving different electron acceptors in all lakes
regardless of lake trophic state. Moreover, even though water column P
concentrations have been reduced by ∼ 50 %–90 % since the
period of peak eutrophication in the 1970s, TOC burial and accumulation
rates have only decreased significantly, by ∼ 20 % and 25 %,
in two of the five lakes. Hereby there is no clear relationship between the
magnitude of the P concentration decrease and the change in TOC burial and
accumulation rate. Instead, data from one eutrophic lake suggest that
artificial ventilation, which has been used to prevent water column anoxia
in this lake for 35 years, may help sustain high rates of TOC burial and
accumulation in sediments despite water column P concentrations being
strongly reduced. Our study provides novel insights into the influence of
human activities in lakes and lake watersheds on lake sediments as carbon
sinks and habitats for diverse microbial respiration processes.
UNDERSTANDING SMART CITY: A SHAREABLE FRAMEWORK. THE CASE OF CHINA
Authors: Li C. M. , Liu X. L. , Dai Z. X. , Wu P. D.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Smart City is a new concept that uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to promote the smartification of urban construction, planning and services. Currently, a number of countries and cities have conducted studies on Smart City, but they mostly focused on the conceptual connotations analysis and applications in specific domains, lacking a common, shareable and integrated framework understanding, which led to significant barriers among individual Smart City projects. By analyzing the framework connotations and application domains of Smart City, this paper proposed a common, shareable and integrated conceptual framework for smart city. Then based on this framework, a unified portal platform that is suitable for multiple domains, including the government, citizen and business, as well as common, custom and other application modes, is further proposed. Finally, Smart Weifang was implemented based on this platform. The application outcomes indicate that this common and shareable platform can effectively eliminate the data and technological barriers between different smart city systems, while also avoiding redundant financial investments. The investigation of the proposed framework and platform is of key significance to the unified construction of Smart City and the intensification of the hardware environment, thus representing a true achievement in the transition from “information island” to “information sharing and interconnection” for urban informatization.
A DATABASE SYSTEM FOR SMART SUSTAINABLE ISLANDS INDEX APPLICATION
Authors: Moussas V. C. , Pantazis D. N. , Panagiotis A.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The paper presents the application of an islands’ smartification and sustainability index the Smart Sustainable Islands Index or S2I2. In addition to the classic parameters, the index is designed to include and emphasize specific parameters of the islands that are not usually found or they are less important in a mainland city. The structure and parameters of the index are presented and compared to other initiatives A database with a corresponding web page has been created in order to collect data from the islands for their index calculation. The database structure and relationships are presented, as well as, the user interaction and data collection forms. After the online system finalization, each island in Greece, Europe, or in the World will have the possibility to submit the required information & data and will be able to see the graphic representation of the results and the rank of the island in terms of smartification and sustainability. The fully functioning system is expected to support significantly an islands’ effort for a smarter, greener & sustainable development.
CYBERSECURITY STRATEGY FOR SMART CITY IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Alam R. G. G. , Ibrahim H.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The development of information and communication technology has spread throughout the world. Many benefits can be obtained, but the risks cannot be avoided. Communication grows massively in cyberspace and thus poses a security threat to smart city services. This threat can be overcome through national spectrum by implementing cyberspace security strategies in developing smart cities. This paper describes cybersecurity strategies performed in supporting the development of smart cities. Security strategies are developed based on factors related to the perspective of three pillars of smart city implementation models, namely technology, people, and institutions. Factors related to cybersecurity from these three pillars are explored from the experience of policy makers, actors, and users of smart city services, and evaluated using the opinions of cybersecurity experts and smart cities. This strategy will be a standard document that will be used as a reference in carrying out all processes related to information security in supporting the development of smart cities.
Exceptionally High Geothermal Heat Flux Needed to Sustain the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
Authors: Smith-Johnsen Silje , de Fleurian Basile , Schlegel Nicole , Seroussi Helene , Nisanciolgu Kerim
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) currently drains more than 10 % of the Greenland Ice Sheet area, and has recently undergone significant dynamic changes. It is therefore critical to accurately represent this feature when assessing the future contribution of Greenland to sea level rise. At present, NEGIS is reproduced in ice sheet models by inferring basal conditions using observed surface velocities. This approach helps estimate conditions at the base of the ice sheet, but cannot be used to estimate the evolution of basal drag in time, so it is not a good representation of the evolution of the ice sheet in future climate warming scenarios. NEGIS is suggested to be initiated by a geothermal heat flux anomaly close to the ice divide, left behind by the movement of Greenland over the Icelandic plume. However, the heat flux underneath the ice sheet is largely unknown, except for a few direct measurements from deep ice core drill sites. Using the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM), with ice dynamics coupled to a subglacial hydrology model, we investigate the possibility of initiating NEGIS by inserting hotspots with various locations and intensities. We find that a minimum geothermal heat flux value of 970 mW/m2 located close to EastGRIP is required locally to reproduce the observed NEGIS velocities, consistent with previous estimates. By including high geothermal heat flux and the effect of water on sliding, we successfully reproduce the main characteristics of NEGIS in an ice sheet model without using data assimilation.
Julia M. Esparza, AHIP, Medical Library Association President, 2019–2020
Authors: Philbrick Jodi L.
Published: October 2019

In this profile of Julia M. Esparza, AHIP, Medical Library Association President, 2019–2020, she is described as a pleasure to work with, practical, and intelligent, and she adds a spark of humor to any activity. Esparza has spent the last twelve years of her career in the Health Sciences Library and Department of Medical Library Science at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport. She is an excellent role model for medical librarians who want to engage in scholarly activities and is active in supporting the educational needs of health care providers, students, library personnel, and the community through her instructional efforts.
La aportación de José Mariano Vallejo a la enseñanza de la lectura en la España del siglo XIX
Authors: Calvo Fernández Vicente , Anaya-Reig Nuria
Published: October 2019

En este trabajo se presentan los primeros datos de una investigación realizada sobre la labor de José Mariano Vallejo en el ámbito de la enseñanza de la lectura en las escuelas de instrucción primaria en la España del siglo XIX. El estudio se ha llevado a cabo con un doble objetivo: a) resaltar la contribución de Vallejo dentro de esta disciplina y b) continuar la revisión de los métodos de enseñanza de la lectura que supusieron una renovación pedagógica en la España decimonónica. La revisión detallada de las obras sobre lectura de Vallejo arroja resultados muy interesantes, pues este autor propone un método analítico que tiene en cuenta las dificultades inherentes al sistema alfabético de la lengua española. La propuesta de Vallejo está basada en una concepción racional de la pedagogía, lo cual se hace patente no solo en el método de lectura en sí, sino también en la articulación de un procedimiento didáctico peculiar para llevarlo a término en las aulas.
The crowd in crowdsourcing: Crowdsourcing as a pragmatic research method
Authors: Eklund Lina , Stamm Isabell , Liebermann Wanda Katja
Published: October 2019

Crowdsourcing, as a digital process employed to obtain information, ideas, and solicit contributions of work, creativity, etc., from large online crowds stems from business, yet is increasingly used in research. Engaging with previous literature and a symposium on academic crowdsourcing this study explores the underlying assumptions about crowdsourcing as a potential academic research method and how these affect the knowledge produced. Results identify crowdsourcing research as research about and with the crowd, explore how tasks can be productive, reconfiguring, and evaluating, and how these are linked to intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, we also identify three types of platforms: commercial platforms, research-specific platforms, and project specific platforms. Finally, the study suggests that crowdsourcing is a digital method that could be considered a pragmatic method; the challenge of a sound crowdsourcing project is to think about the researcher’s relationship to the crowd, the tasks, and the platform used.
Development and Implementation of Training Actions in Health Services
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Georgios , Theodora Georgaki , Karanikola Zoe
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the way the Hippocrates Hospital staff is trained, the principles of learning implemented in the programs of the particular hospital unit, and the impact of the training on the participants themselves. The quantitative methodology was chosen for the collection of data, whereas the population - sample consists of 70 doctors and nurses participating in hospital training programs either as trainers or as trainees. According to the research findings, trainers take into account the needs and interests of trainees and feel capable of educating them. The question-answer technique is mainly used, while the lecture technique is less used. After having completed the training programs, participants state that they feel more confident, they recognize the value of education and training, support lifelong learning and express great interest in participating in new training programs.
O que é filosofia dos meios?
Authors: Engell Lorenz
Published: October 2019

Artigo escrito a convite do editor do dossiê pelo professor Lorenz Engell, da Universidade Bauhaus em Weimar.
Por uma teoria dos espelhos – notas sobre uma ontologia geral dos meios
Authors: Dos Santos Márcio Carneiro
Published: October 2019

Discute-se o conceito de meio a partir de suas características materiais e informacionais, com base no pensamento da linhagem teórica da ecologia das mídias de McLuhan, Bolter e Grusin, Manovich e Scolari; utilizando também a ontologia sistêmica e os estudos de redes, da complexidade e da filosofia da tecnologia. Propõe-se uma versão formal em termos científicos para a definição apresentada, bem como uma métrica associada aos meios que denominamos de densidade informacional. O trabalho descreve ainda as dificuldades relacionadas ao conjunto teórico contemporâneo associado à ideia de uma Ciência da Comunicação, propondo uma abertura maior para as ações de caráter inter e multidisciplinar, como forma de avançar no estado da arte do campo, diante das transformações impostas pelos processos digitais.
Probabilistic assessment of earthquake-induced sliding displacements of natural slopes
Authors: Rathje Ellen M. , Saygili Gokhan
Published: October 2019

The evaluation of earthquake-induced landslides in natural slopes is often based on an estimate of the permanent sliding displacement due to earthquake shaking. Current procedures for estimating sliding displacement do not rigorously account for the significant uncertainties present in the analysis. This paper presents a probabilistic framework for computing the annual rate of exceedance of different levels of displacement such that a hazard curve for sliding displacement can be developed. The analysis incorporates the uncertainties in the prediction of earthquake ground shaking, in the prediction of sliding displacement, and in the assessment of soil properties. Predictive models for sliding displacement that are appropriate for the probabilistic framework are presented. These models include a scalar model that predicts sliding displacement in terms of a single ground motion parameter (peak ground acceleration) and the earthquake magnitude, as well as a vector model that incorporates two ground motion parameters (peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity). The addition of a second ground motion parameter results in a significant reduction in the standard deviation of the sliding displacement prediction. Comparisons are made between displacement hazard curves developed from the current scalar and vector models and previously developed scalar models that do not include earthquake magnitude. Additionally, an approximation to the vector hazard assessment is presented and compared with the rigorous vector approach. Finally, the inclusion of the soil property uncertainty is shown to increase the mean hazard at a site.
Results of surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus in 50 patients operated by the Bascom 2 method – prospective study
Authors: Dutkiewicz Paweł , Ciesielski Przemysław , Kołodziejczak Małgorzata
Published: October 2019

Introduction:
Treatment of the pilonidal sinus, due to the various surgery method, remains the current topic of discussion during surgeon meetings around the world. The newest methods of treatment consist in the excision and simultaneous closure of the wound with the cleft lift techniques. One of such methods is the Bascom 2 technique widely used in the world and less popular in Poland.
Aim of the study:
To evaluate the results of treatment of pilonidal cysts using the Bascom 2 method performed by one operator.
Material and method:
50 patients (40 men, 10 women), Avg. 30.6 years of age, All patients treated with the Bascom 2 method in one surgical ward by one operator (resident during specialization training) with the use of a uniform surgical care for all operational protocols. The following were assessed: BMI, average hospitalization time, pain, post-operative complications, wound healing time, patient's quality of life, and the percentage of recurrences after surgery. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 52 months.
Results:
Average BMI 27.13 kg / m2. Avg. time of hospitalization 2.95 days. Postoperative pain in the first 24 hours was on average 4.55 points. (+/- 2.24 points); on the 10th day of. 2.04 points (+/- 1.58 points); in the 30th day of the 0.76 points (+/- 1.1 points). Pain after healing 0.14 points (+/- 0.40 points). Postoperative complications occurred in 28.57% of patients (partial wound dehiscence (16.32%), serum leak (10.2%), hematoma (6.12%), total wound dehiscence (0%), wound infection (0%). The average time of full healing was 2.94 weeks. The recurrence occurred in one patient (2.04%).
Conclusions:
Bascom 2 method is characterized by low recurrence rate and short wound healing time. It is a safe, effective and patient-accepted treatment method. Statistically significantly improves the patient's quality of life one year after surgery in terms of both physical and mental health.
Integrative taxonomy of five astome ciliates (Ciliophora, Astomatia) isolated from earthworms in Central Europe
Authors: Obert Tomáš , Vďačný Peter
Published: October 2019

Four earthworm species, the endogeic Octolasion tyrtaeum (Savigny, 1826), the anecic Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758 as well as the epigeic Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) and Dendrobaena veneta (Rosa, 1886), were examined for the presence of astome ciliates. Based on the integrative taxonomic approach, five ciliate species were recognized in their gastrointestinal tracts: Metaradiophrya lumbrici (Dujardin, 1841), M. varians (de Puytorac, 1954), Anoplophrya lumbrici (Schrank, 1803), A. vulgaris de Puytorac, 1954 and A. nodulata (Dujardin, 1841). Their distinctness was assessed using the multivariate morphometric approach and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Although the two species of Metaradiophrya Jankowski, 2007 on the one hand and the two former species of Anoplophrya Stein, 1860 on the other, were not distinctly separated by the multivariate morphometric analyses, they were clearly delimited by the 18S rRNA gene sequences. Species within each genus also differed by their hosts, M. lumbrici and A. lumbrici occurred only in anecic earthworms while M. varians and A. vulgaris occured exclusively in epigeic earthworms. Only a single species, A. nodulata, was detected in endogeic earthworms. It was morphologically distinct from and did not cluster with the two other species of Anoplophrya but was nested within the paraphyletic assemblage containing other astomes from endogeic earthworms. This indicates that the evolution of endosymbiotic ciliates from earthworms has very likely proceeded through a specialization to various ecological groups of their host organisms.
FRONTs pensumarbejde - dekolonisering og antidiskrimination i akademia
Authors: FRONT Gruppen
Published: October 2019

Henover efteråret 2018 har FRONT kørt FRONTlæser: et initiativ der undersøger diskrimination og kolonialisme i højere uddannelse. FRONT er en studenterdrevet gruppe med dynamisk deltagelse, der arbejder med antidiskrimination og dekolonisering på alle danske videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner, og er i dag repræsenteret på 4 forskellige institutioner: RUC, AAU, KU og UCC. Læsegruppen er frivillig og huses af Københavns Hovedbibliotek. Læsegruppen er både en undersøgelse af motivationerne for FRONTs arbejde og en invitation til at uddanne os selv og hinanden i, hvordan dekolonisering og antidiskrimination kan praktiseres i Nordiske uddannelsesinstitutioner.
Lesbian desire in feminism: between friendship and homosexuality
Authors: Heede Dag
Published: October 2019

Book review of Eva Borgström and Hanna Markusson Winkvist (eds.): Den kvinnliga tvåsamhetens frirum. Kvinnopar i kvinnorörelsen 1890-1960.
Examining Communities in the Transdisciplinary Area of Cognitive Science: Automatic Classification for Examining Communities in the Web of Science Using Unsupervised Clustering Methods
Authors: Sainte-Marie Maxime , Ridenour Laura , Lariviére Vincent
Published: October 2019

We propose methodology for examining classification to identify and make explicit community perspectives that are neglected by traditional journal-subject classification in order to provide a more flexible and customizable classification system. Our method is based on keyword matches, and is applied to the broad transdisciplinary area of cognitive science. In the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and the National Science Foundation (NSF) classification, the classification of journals places each journal into a silo based on pre-determined categories deemed appropriate to demonstrate the relatedness of journals. Classification at the journal level does not necessarily represent the perspectives of a community, as a community in both membership and topical scope may transcend the bounds of a single journal classification. Our approach is novel because we examine topics within the transdisciplinary domain of cognitive science, and within that domain, we identify community perspectives on the conceptual contents as found in the titles of publications in the WoS.
La Desigualdad Educativa en el campo de la Sociología de la Educación español, una aproximación a su caracterización.
Authors: Leivas Marcela
Published: October 2019

Este artículo se desprende de un trabajo de investigación, realizado en el marco de una estancia de intercambio científico entre la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA) – Argentina y la Universidad de La Laguna (ULL) – España. Su finalidad es comparar el abordaje que realizan los campos de la Sociología de la Educación español y argentino sobre la problemática de la Desigualdad Educativa.
Para caracterizar el abordaje español, se decidió realizar un trabajo de revisión y sistematización de producciones publicadas en tres revistas científicas especializadas del campo de la Sociología de la Educación, la Revista de Sociología de la Educación (en adelante, RASE), la Revista Internacional de Sociología de la Educación (RISE) y la Revista Témpora.
En este trabajo se presenta una parte del trabajo de revisión y sistematización, el análisis relacional de 19 artículos publicados en la revista RASE durante el período 2008 - 2018.
El análisis relacional permitió identificar en cada artículo temáticas centrales que expresaran su preocupación con respecto a la problemática de la Desigualdad Educativa. Se construyeron así, cuatro tópicos: segregación,  trayectorias,  rendimiento, y movilidad social, a partir de los cuales se identifican ejes de debates, conceptualizaciones, metodologías, potencialidades, limitaciones, y profundos desafíos de las investigaciones.
En síntesis, los resultados de este trabajo aportan elementos que caracterizan el devenir reciente del campo de la Sociología de la Educación frente al abordaje de la problemática de la Desigualdad Educativa, y colocan posibles horizontes.
Educación infantil, ideología y clase social. Una lectura al sur de Europa a través de los datos del CIS.
Authors: Gabaldón-Estevan Daniel , Täht Kadri
Published: October 2019

A diferencia del modelo nórdico, en el que junto a los permisos parentales de larga duración predomina la oferta pública y privada subsidiada de centros de educación infantil, la realidad del sur de Europa es menos favorable, desde el punto de vista institucional, a la conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral. No obstante, la escolarización en la primera etapa de la educación infantil (0-2 años) ha mostrado un incremento sostenido en los últimos años también en los países del sur de Europa, aunque, en este contexto, poco se sabe acerca de las razones que justifican o no la escolarización de los más pequeños. El objetivo de la presente investigación es estudiar si existen diferencias entre la población española en general, y las familias en particular, en función de su ideología y clase social, respecto del papel que otorgan a la educación infantil en el desarrollo de niñas y niños. Para ello esta investigación se centra exclusivamente en la explotación del estudio del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) nº2788-Barómetro de febrero de 2009. Los resultados muestran que las diferencias entre ideología y clase social nos ayudan a entender la diferente apuesta que hacen los individuos encuestados no solo acerca de la matriculación o no de sus menores en escuelas infantiles de primer ciclo, sino también respecto de cuestiones relativas a las prioridades de la administración en esta materia, o a la provisión pública o privada de estos servicios.
Precariedad e investigación educativa: una realidad inexplorada en las revistas españolas de educación indexadas en JCR y SJR
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Francisco Miguel
Published: October 2019

El término ‘precariedad’ está adquiriendo protagonismo entre algunos investigadores sociales por el impacto que puede tener sobre la estabilidad de las democracias modernas. Autores como Näsström y Kalm (2015) asocian la precariedad con la ‘corrupción de la democracia’ y Standing (2013) sostiene que puede acarrear serios conflictos sociales (movimientos neofascistas y xenófobos). En este artículo examinamos el concepto de precariedad viendo su conexión con las políticas económicas neoliberales y la configuración de lo que hemos denominado ‘ciudadanía precarizada’. La incertidumbre y la inseguridad como formas de vida son consustanciales al precariado y ni siquiera la educación puede garantizar ahora a las clases trabajadoras la ‘seguridad’ que tenían en el Estado del bienestar. Partiendo de este escenario, uno de los objetivos centrales del artículo ha sido el de analizar la escasa presencia (y el contenido) de los artículos publicados en las principales revistas de educación españolas. A nivel metodológico, elaboramos una cartografía de las revistas españolas de educación indexadas en el Journal Citation Report (JCR) y el Scimago Journal Rank (SJR) y estudiamos el interés de estas revistas por la temática de la precariedad. Asimismo, nos basamos en el análisis documental para ver desde qué enfoques se ha trabajado históricamente la problemática. Estudiamos los fragmentos desde una lógica deductiva atendiendo a dos grandes categorías de contenido: ‘precarización laboral’ y ‘precarización ciudadana’. Concluimos el trabajo destacando la escasez de estudios desde perspectivas socioeducativas y señalando la necesidad de abrir vías de análisis y reflexión en educación desde la interseccionalidad.
A propósito de la Educación para la Ciudadanía Mundial. Una entrevista al profesor Carlos Alberto Torres
Authors: Villar-Aguilés Alícia
Published: October 2019

Entrevista al profesor Carlos Alberto Torres con motivo de su visita a la Universitat de València para impartir una conferencia en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales titulada Educación para la Ciudadanía Mundial y los Derechos Humanos el 10 de diciembre de 2018, precisamente el mismo día que se cumplía el 70 aniversario de la proclamación de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos por parte de la Asamblea de Naciones Unidas.
Between Private Interests and the State: Corporatist Strategies in the Swedish Railway Council, 1902–67
Authors: Andersson Fredrik , Pettersson Thomas
Published: October 2019

This study explores the strategies employed by the Swedish Railway Council to influence national railway policy from 1902 to 1967. The Council was a corporatist arrangement and functioned as a broker between industrial and regional interests and the public railways. The results show that though the Council's policy influence in many cases was marginal, there were occasions when the members could use the Council as a tool to influence railway policy, most notably the division of the network into profitable and unprofitable lines, with different forms of government subsidies. The Council's influence increased through a shift in arguments, from a position that tariffs should be high enough to deliver a return on the invested capital, to an emphasis on having tariffs that could support national and regional economic development, even if it created commercial losses. When Swedish transport policy shifted in the 1960s, the Railway Council gradually lost its importance and eventually dissolved.
Fog signaling has diverse roles in epithelial morphogenesis in insects
Authors: Benton Matthew Alan , Frey Nadine , Nunes da Fonseca Rodrigo , von Levetzow Cornelia , Stappert Dominik , Hakeemi Muhammad Salim , Conrads Kai H , Pechmann Matthias , Panfilio Kristen A , Lynch Jeremy A , Roth Siegfried
Published: October 2019

The Drosophila Fog pathway represents one of the best-understood signaling cascades controlling epithelial morphogenesis. During gastrulation, Fog induces apical cell constrictions that drive the invagination of mesoderm and posterior gut primordia. The cellular mechanisms underlying primordia internalization vary greatly among insects and recent work has suggested that Fog signaling is specific to the fast mode of gastrulation found in some flies. On the contrary, here we show in the beetle Tribolium, whose development is broadly representative for insects, that Fog has multiple morphogenetic functions. It modulates mesoderm internalization and controls a massive posterior infolding involved in gut and extraembryonic development. In addition, Fog signaling affects blastoderm cellularization, primordial germ cell positioning, and cuboidal-to-squamous cell shape transitions in the extraembryonic serosa. Comparative analyses with two other distantly related insect species reveals that Fog’s role during cellularization is widely conserved and therefore might represent the ancestral function of the pathway.
H3K9me2 orchestrates inheritance of spatial positioning of peripheral heterochromatin through mitosis
Authors: Poleshko Andrey , Smith Cheryl L , Nguyen Son C , Sivaramakrishnan Priya , Wong Karen G , Murray John Isaac , Lakadamyali Melike , Joyce Eric F , Jain Rajan , Epstein Jonathan A
Published: October 2019

Cell-type-specific 3D organization of the genome is unrecognizable during mitosis. It remains unclear how essential positional information is transmitted through cell division such that a daughter cell recapitulates the spatial genome organization of the parent. Lamina-associated domains (LADs) are regions of repressive heterochromatin positioned at the nuclear periphery that vary by cell type and contribute to cell-specific gene expression and identity. Here we show that histone 3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) is an evolutionarily conserved, specific mark of nuclear peripheral heterochromatin and that it is retained through mitosis. During mitosis, phosphorylation of histone 3 serine 10 temporarily shields the H3K9me2 mark allowing for dissociation of chromatin from the nuclear lamina. Using high-resolution 3D immuno-oligoFISH, we demonstrate that H3K9me2-enriched genomic regions, which are positioned at the nuclear lamina in interphase cells prior to mitosis, re-associate with the forming nuclear lamina before mitotic exit. The H3K9me2 modification of peripheral heterochromatin ensures that positional information is safeguarded through cell division such that individual LADs are re-established at the nuclear periphery in daughter nuclei. Thus, H3K9me2 acts as a 3D architectural mitotic guidepost. Our data establish a mechanism for epigenetic memory and inheritance of spatial organization of the genome.
Suppression ofWolbachia-mediated male-killing in the butterflyHypolimnas bolinainvolves a single genomic region
Authors: Reynolds Louise A. , Hornett Emily A. , Jiggins Chris D. , Hurst Gregory D.D.
Published: October 2019

Background

Sex ratio distorting agents (maternally inherited symbionts and meiotically-driving sex chromosomes) are common in insects. When these agents rise to high frequencies they create strong population sex ratio bias and selection then favours mutations that act to restore the rare sex. Despite this strong selection pressure, the evolution of mutations that suppress sex ratio distorting elements appears to be constrained in many cases, where sex-biased populations persist for many generations. This scenario has been observed in the butterflyHypolimnas bolina, whereWolbachia-mediated male killing endured for 800–1,000 generations across multiple populations before the evolution of suppression. Here we test the hypothesis that this evolutionary lag is the result of suppression being a multilocus trait requiring multiple mutations.

Methods

We developed genetic markers, based on conservation of synteny, for eachH. bolinachromosome and verified coverage using recombinational mapping. We then used aWolbachia-infected mapping family to assess each chromosome for the presence of loci required for male survival, as determined by the presence of markers in all surviving sons.

Results

Informative markers were obtained for each of the 31 chromosomes inH. bolina. The only marker that cosegregated with suppression was located on chromosome 25. A genomic region necessary for suppression has previously been located on this chromosome. We therefore conclude that a single genomic region of theH. bolinagenome is necessary for male-killing suppression.

Discussion

The evolutionary lag observed in our system is not caused by a need for changes at multiple genomic locations. The findings favour hypotheses in which either multiple mutations are required within a single genomic region, or the suppressor mutation is a singularly rare event.