bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of dark side leadership and leader-member exchange on corporate performance: Mediating role of employee engagement
Authors: Wiguna Sunanta , Murwaningsari Etty , Augustine Sudibyo Yvonne
Published: April 2023

Optimized corporate performance assumes that financial and non-financial performance can be achieved through effective collaboration between leaders and employees. This study analyzes the mediation of employee engagement on the connection between dark side leadership and leader-member exchange on corporate performance in Indonesia. This study used a mixed methods approach by distributing questionnaires to 1,013 respondents consisting of supervisors and managers and conducting intensive interviews with 20 respondents with more than 25 years of work experience to strengthen the perception of answers. The paper uses multiple linear regression analysis. The regression results show that dark side leadership (β = –0.228, ρ = 0.000) and leader-member exchange (β = 0.424, ρ = 0.000) affect employee engagement. Next, leader-member exchange (β = 0.176, ρ = 0.008) and employee engagement (β = 0.391, ρ = 0.000) affect corporate performance, while dark side leadership has no effect (β = 0.020, ρ = 0.400). Finally, employee engagement mediates the effect of dark side leadership and leader-member exchange on corporate performance. This finding indicates that the comfort level of employees at work will decrease if a leader demonstrates a dark side behavior that can affect his/her performance, which later impacts corporate performance. Furthermore, the novelty contribution of dark side leadership measurements on the cultural and emotional dimensions can impact employee turnover intention. This study offers implications for practitioners to conduct selective assessments at the beginning of leader recruitment and control internal leader assessments to create effective organizational behavior.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is not supported by grants or scholarship and is free from conflict of interest.
Methods of improving rural water ecological environment and promoting the development of ecological economy from the perspective of the digital economy
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Yin Hong , Jin Jiaming , Cui Luoyuan
Published: April 2023

With the liberation of productive forces and the rapid development of cities, the development of rural areas is very fast, and the pace of rural industrialization and urbanization is also accelerating. However, with the rapid development of the economy, the rural ecological environment has also been greatly affected. Based on the literature and field investigation, the paper made a thorough analysis of the water environment and pollution in rural areas and used the water environment-bearing capacity pressure model to analyze the current problems in rural areas. Economic development is at the cost of the ecological environment. The higher the level of economic development, the greater its impact on environmental carrying capacity. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposed rural water resources carrying capacity system based on ecological carrying capacity and organically combined it with the theory of system and ecological carrying capacity to evaluate it. According to the current situation of water pollution in rural areas, this article preliminarily discussed and put forward corresponding countermeasures.
Optimal operating method of gate and pump switching in water transfer project
Authors: Meng Yujie , Wang Weiping , Xu Donglai , Qu Shisong , Zhao Weidong
Published: April 2023

The Yellow River diversion project consists of three gates, two pumping stations, and one plain reservoir, with a total river length of 17.46 km in the Panzhuang Yellow River irrigation area, which provides the primary water source for the Dezhou central city, Shandong Province, China. The project is subject to the constraints of the Yellow River diversion sluice diverting water time, reservoir diverting water time, and combinations of pumping stations with self-flowing gates. The opening and closing forms of the gates and pumps are complicated and irregular, and the switching of the gates and pumps mainly depends on the experience of the staff, which makes the water transfer cost high and the water transfer time long. Based on engineering compositions in the study area, an optimal mathematical model is constructed by the dynamic programming method. By combining the flow and water level, the objectives of the minimum operation cost, the shortest water transfer time and the combination of the two are established. A new optimization scheme of the switch between gates and pumps combined with water level and flow is proposed, which reduces the operation cost by 20% and the water transfer time by 8%, providing an efficient operation mode.
Combinación de Cepas Bacterianas Bradyrhizobium sp. y Bacillus sp. como Biofertilizante y Biocontrolador en el Cultivo de Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) en la Región Andina del Perú
Authors: Camarena Felix , Lazo Violeta , Saravia David , Huaringa-Joaquín Amelia , Caycho Pilar , Quiñones Robert , Mostacero Elvia , Zúñiga-Dávila Doris
Published: April 2023

Los rendimientos de los cultivos son importantes para la seguridad alimentaria y el nivel de vida de las personas, por lo que es muy importante conocer adecuadamente sobre la asociación de microorganismos con los cultivos, para conocer sus efectos biofertilizantes y biocontroladores, que permitirán el desarrollo de bacterias del suelo, colonizadoras de raíces. de las plantas después de la inoculación en las semillas y mejorar el crecimiento de las plantas. La evaluación de la co-inoculación de bacterias que promueven el crecimiento vegetal por diferentes mecanismos, en plantas afectadas por patógenos, contribuiría a aumentar el conocimiento las interacciones de las plantas con diferentes microorganismos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los efectos biofertilizante y biocontrolador a través de las bioinoculaciones de Bradyrhizobium y Bacillus spp. asociación de cepas. Ambos efectos se midieron durante el crecimiento de la planta a través de la variable respuesta frente a la Antracnosis sobre el rendimiento y el contenido de nutrientes de la semilla, utilizando la variedad Altagracia. El experimento se llevó a cabo en la localidad de Paltash a 3100 m s.n.m. en el Distrito de Marcará, Carhuaz, Ancash, en el campo del pequeño agricultor. Se ensayaron tres tratamientos: i) bioinoculantes Bradyrhizobium + Bacillus, ii) un tratamiento químico, y iii) un testigo (sin bioinoculantes ni químicos). El experimento de campo se llevó a cabo bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar (RCBD) con cuatro bloques. Se evaluaron los siguientes parámetros: 1) El peso fresco y seco de la parte aérea, raíz y nódulos a los 60 días; 2) severidad de la antracnosis durante la floración, llenado de vainas y cosecha; y 3) Contenido de nutrientes de la semilla. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando la prueba de Duncan (IC del 95 %). Los resultados obtenidos indican que las plantas bioinoculadas presentaron las mejores características de nódulos; asimismo, la bioinoculación redujo el grado de severidad de la Antracnosis en los diferentes estados fenológicos y provocó los valores más altos en contenido de nutrientes. Se concluye que las bioinoculaciones mejoran el crecimiento del tarwi y el control de la antracnosis.
Study on the Composition and Mechanism of Santiao Decoction in Treating Insomnia Based on UPLC and Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology
Authors: Wang Lixiang , Liu Feixiang , Li Weixia , Zhang Hui , Wang Weitao , Liu Menglin , Zhang Daopei , Zhang Huailiang
Published: April 2023

Objective:

To identify the chemical components of Santiao Decoction (STD) using Ultra
Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) and to conduct a network pharmacological study of
STD for the treatment of insomnia based on this technique.

Methods:

An ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 µm) was used to identify
the chemical components of STD by relative molecular weight, mass spectrometry information,
and comparison with the control. The active ingredients of the formula and their corresponding
gene targets and targets for insomnia were retrieved from several databases, and a visual network
diagram of "drug-active ingredient-target-disease" was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.2 software,
and GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed using various databases such as DAVID.

Result:

Five active ingredients were identified from STD by UPLC technique, 268 active ingredients of STD were screened from the TCMSP database, and 109 genes related to STD for insomnia
were screened by network pharmacology, among which IL6, MMP9, VEGFA, IL10, CCL2 may be
the key targets of STD for insomnia. KEGG pathway analysis showed that STD acts on membrane
rafts, plasma membrane micro-regions, and other related pathways, such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, dopaminergic synapse, relaxin signaling pathway,
ErbB signaling pathway, steroid hormone biosynthesis and NF-kappa B signaling pathway for regulation.

Conclusion:

The active ingredients in STD, such as (+)-catechin, Swertisin, quercetin, baicalein,
and wogonin, may act on IL6, CCL2, VEGFA, MMP9, and other targets to regulate Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, NF-kappa B and other signaling pathways, and
exert certain therapeutic effects on insomnia, which provide a reference and basis for further research on the mechanism of action of STD.
Nanocarriers for Sirna Delivery Aimed at the Treatment of Melanoma: Systematic Review
Authors: Ricci-Junior Eduardo , Regina de Araujo Brenda , do Nascimento Tatielle , dos Santos Matos Ana Paula , Brandão de Souza Belmiro Vanessa , Sato de Souza de Bustamante Monteiro Mariana , Santos-Oliveira Ralph
Published: April 2023

Background: Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer type with a high lethality rate due to active metastasis. Among the risk factors for its development is exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) and phenotypical characteristics such as clear skin and eyes. Given the difficulties of the conventional therapy, the high cost of the treatment and the low bioavailability of drugs, it is important to develop new therapeutic methods to circumvent this situation. Nanosystems such as micelles, liposomes and nanoparticles present advantages when compared to conventional treatments.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to carry out a literature review based on articles that dealt with the use of siRNA-loaded nanosystems for the treatment of melanoma, with trials carried out in vivo to assess tumor size. Methods: The search was conducted in the Web of Science and PubMed databases considering the last 5 years, that is, the period between January 2017 to December 2021. The “SiRNA and Drug Delivery Systems and Melanoma” keywords were used in both databases, and the articles were analyzed using the inclusion and exclusion criteria established for this paper.

Results: The results obtained indicated that using siRNA transported via nanosystems was capable of silencing the BRAF tumor genes and of reducing tumor size and weight, not presenting in vitro and/or in vivo toxicity.

Conclusion: Such being the case, the development of these systems becomes a non-invasive and promising option for the treatment of melanoma.
Application of Biomimetic Nanoparticles based on the Cell Membrane in
Tumor Therapy
Authors: Gong Ya , Huang Jingbin
Published: April 2023

Due to their unique biological functionality, nanocarriers can be designed to deliver va-rious anti-tumor drugs in vivo, which has a wide and important application prospect in the field of tumor therapy. However, poor biosafety, short blood circulation time, and weak targeting ability still limit the application of nanoparticles in tumor therapy. In recent years, with the development of biomedicine, the biomimetic technology-based biomembrane-mediated drug delivery system is ex-pected to achieve a breakthrough in tumor-targeted therapy due to low immunogenicity, tumor tar-geting, the adjustability and versatility of intelligent nanocarrier design. This paper mainly reviews the research process of different types of the cell membrane (erythrocyte membrane, cancer cell membrane, bacterial membrane, stem cell membrane, and hybrid membrane)-camouflaged nanopar-ticles in tumor therapy, as well as the challenges and development prospects in clinical application.
ROS Modulate Cell Death Mechanism in Cervical Cancer Cells Treated
with the Combination of Polyphenolic Compounds and Anticancer Drug
Cisplatin: A Review
Authors: Abdullah Hasmah , Sazeli Syahirah , Mamat Norlida , Hapidin Hermizi , Sulong Sarina
Published: April 2023

Background:

Most cervical cancer fatalities have been reported due to drug resistance, invasion,
and metastasis. Combination therapy is a prominent technique for overcoming the toxicity of cancer
chemotherapy to normal cells, which is mediated across numerous targeted pathways and requires a
lower dose of each individual agent. Polyphenolic substances have the potential to improve chemotherapy
efficacy while also reducing negative effects.

Aims:

This study aimed to review the research findings on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in
cervical cancer cell HeLa treated with combination therapy.

Results:

Hydroxyl radicals damage DNA, causing a cascade of structural changes in purine and pyrimidine
bases that could lead to mutagenicity. ROS, such as hydroxyl radical (OH-), superoxide anions (O2
-),
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and peroxyl radicals (ROO-), are frequent products of aerobic metabolism
that can be beneficial or detrimental to the biological system. To combat the harmful effects of ROS,
cells have an antioxidative defense system that comprises superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione,
and other defensive mechanisms. Excessive ROS accumulation causes DNA damage, which triggers
the apoptotic machinery, resulting in cell death.

Conclusion:

Chemotherapeutic medications with phenolic compounds or polyphenol-rich extracts
exhibit anticancer synergy. Combination treatment with polyphenols and anticancer drugs is one of the
promising approaches in the treatment of cervical cancer.
Differential Expression of Down-regulated MicroRNA-126 and Micro
RNA-22 in Ovarian Carcinogenesis
Authors: Paliwal Nidhi , Vashist Minakshi , Chauhan Meenakshi , Yadav Geetanjali , Deshwal Suman , Siwach Kiran
Published: April 2023

Background:

Non-coding RNA i.e. MicroRNA plays an important role in the progression
and pathogenesis of different types of tumours including ovarian cancer. Deregulated microRNA expression could transform the passivity of cancer, disease progression, chemoresistance, and mobility.
The miRNA profile of healthy and cancerous samples was observed to be different. MicroRNA expression analysis and profiling have a bright future in improving the effectiveness of ovarian cancer
treatment that is customized to the patient's specific requirements. Expression analysis of serum microRNA-126 and microRNA-22 in ovarian carcinogenesis has been done in the present study.

Methods:

Present study has been done in the serum of eighty- two epithelial ovarian cancer patients
and eighty- two their age-matched healthy women to investigate +the expression of miR-126 and miR22 was TaqMan PCR microRNA assay. The correlation of expression miR-126 and miR-22 with epidemiological and clinicopathological factors was determined statistically.

Results:

Results showed a 3.37-fold decrease in miR-126 expression and a 2.67-fold reduction in
miR-22 expression in ovarian cancer patients. Decreased serum level of miR-22 and miR-126 in ovarian cancer patients has been correlated with the FIGO stage. Results revealed 87.46 sensitivity and
91.12 specificities for down-regulated microRNA 22 with FIGO stage of ovarian cancer and 71.26
sensitivity and 81.12 specificities respectively. More sensitivity and specificity of microRNA 22 with
FIGO stage of ovarian cancer was revealed as compared to microRNA 126.

Conclusion:

Present study revealed downregulated expression of miR-126 and miR-22 in the serum
of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Among all epidemiological and clinical parameters, the FIGO
stage of ovarian cancer revealed a substantial association with microRNA level. Results revealed that
the sensitivity and specificity of down-regulated microRNA 22 in ovarian cancer were 87.46 and
91.12 and for microRNA 126 with 71.26 and 81.12 respectively. This may be investigated and verified as a durable diagnostic biomarker for the pre-diagnosis of ovarian carcinogenesis.
Endometrial Adenofibroma in a Patient Receiving Toremifene: A Case Report
Authors: Li Tao , Li Lu , Liu Gang , Huang Li-Zhao
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Adenofibroma is a rare benign Müllerian mixed tumor composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. This tumor may occasionally be associated with toremifene therapy which is used as an adjuvant drug for breast cancer.

Case Presentation:

We describe a case of a 55-year-old woman with adenofibroma of the endometrium. This patient was receiving toremifene after surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy. There was no evidence of tumor residual or recurrence at 32 months of MRI follow-up.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, we report a rare case of endometrial adenofibroma in a patient receiving toremifene. It must be borne in mind that long-term toremifene therapy may increase the frequency of endometrial neoplasms.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Biosurfactants Functionalized
Gold Nanoparticles for Mixture Detection and Chiral Recognition of
Tryptophan by UV-VIS Spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Xiangzong , Li Yanxia , Chen Yiting , Qiu Zhenli , Huang Lu
Published: April 2023

Background:

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid and plays important roles in biological
processes. The detection of Trp is very important for its biological and chemical study. Moreover,
Trp is a chiral compound; due to its importance in biological processes, researchers have been
long committed to the chiral recognition and sensing of Trp enantiomers.

Methods:

Two biosurfactants, sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate, were used for the preparation
of functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) which were characterized by transmission electron
microscope and potentiometer. UV-Vis spectra of functionalized gold nanoparticle solutions with different
concentrations of Trp, tyrosine, phenylalanine, D-Trp, and L-Trp were analyzed. Then, the discrimination
mechanism was further investigated, and the promotion mechanism of biosurfactants was
studied by density functional theory (DFT).

Results:

Trp could induce the aggregation of unmodified AuNPs in 2 h, while phenylalanine and tyrosine
could not. Adding biosurfactants promoted the aggregation process, and D- Trp rather than LTrp
was found to be responsible for the aggregation. Therefore, there were interaction differences not
only between Trp, phenylalanine, and tyrosine but also between Trp enantiomers.

Conclusions:

UV-vis spectroscopy could be applied for the direct detection of Trp in mixtures as well
as the chiral recognition of Trp enantiomers. DFT calculations proved that the interactions of D-Trp
with biosurfactants were the strongest, which contributes to the promotion of aggregation.
An Overview and Membership Process of PIC/S and ICH and its
Requirement for Global Regulatory Harmonization of Drugs
Authors: Mahajan Purvika , Thakkar Arti
Published: April 2023

Due to the increased globalization of regulatory authorities, it has become important to enhance harmonization efforts in creating regulatory requirements, checking and determining GMP
compliance, licensing production locations, recalling defective batches, and boosting information interchange. ICH and PIC/S are the international platforms that provide an appealing and stable framework for addressing such globalization concerns. A country having a membership of PIC/S or ICH
gives an assurance of the quality, safety, and efficacy of their medical products exported across the
globe. Joining such international platforms helps the Pharmaceutical Industries and Regulatory System
of that country to improve quality standards. In the present study, the main objective is to gain
knowledge regarding the procedures to obtain membership in international platforms such as ICH and
PIC/S, and to know the changes/modifications that needs to be done at the institutional/organizational
level before applying for the membership, also, to gain knowledge of the eligibility criteria for the application and to know the differences in regulatory guidance in GMP aspects of different regulatory
authorities. By joining these international platforms, ICH and PIC/S, non-member countries will be
able to tap into the potential for pharmaceutical exports, especially in the largest countries of the
globe. After joining these international platforms, the semi or low-regulated nations’ pharmaceutical
industries will be benefited greatly in terms of cost savings, export convenience, and most importantly, market access. Membership in ICH and PIC/S will be able to provide the semi or low-regulated
Drug Regulatory Authority a global footprint and give foreign regulatory agencies confidence in semi
or low-regulated regulatory agencies.
Study on Migration Characteristics of Pollutants in Groundwater at a
Proposed Hazardous Waste Landfill
Authors: Fa-you A. , Wang Rui , Dai Xue-Gang , Wu Wen-jie , Yan Shi-qun
Published: April 2023

Objective:

The paper aims to analyze the hydrogeological conditions of a proposed
hazardous waste landfill and the migration characteristics of lead, zinc, and nickel in fractured
aquifers and porous aquifers under accident conditions and provide a reference for the influence
of the proposed landfill on groundwater.

Methods:

In this study, based on a 1:50000 regional hydrogeological survey and 1:2000 site
hydrogeological mapping, the hydrogeological conceptual model was established. Finite difference
software GMS was used to analyze the migration characteristics.

Results:

The study demonstrated that when the pollutants in the hazardous waste landfill leaked,
they migrated from northeast to southwest along the gully. The pollutants in the porous aquifer
migrated quickly, and the polluted area expanded rapidly from point to surface. The pollutants
migration in fractured aquifers was slow, and the groundwater quality was deteriorating continuously.
During the simulation period, the pollutants of lead, zinc and nickel all polluted the aquifer.
Among them, the lead pollution range w reported to be the largest, with an exceeding distance
of 216.7 m; the zinc pollution range was the smallest, with an exceeding distance of 33.3
m, and the exceeding distance of nickel was 165.1 m.

Conclusion:

In order to ensure the safety of the groundwater environment in the simulated area,
the impervious treatment must be carried out according to the requirements of the proposed hazardous
waste landfill. Meantime, an emergency plan should be formulated.
A Decenary Update on Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as a Heterogeneous
Greener Catalyst for the Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles
Authors: Kamanna Kantharaju , Badiger Krishnappa B
Published: April 2023

In recent years, heterocycle derivatives have emerged as promising molecules, and have exhibited remarkable pharmacological applications. The statistical data analysis of the presently available drug molecules in the market has revealed that more than 70% of the drug candidates are derived from the heterocycles. Various synthetic protocols have been established employing a wide range of catalysts and reaction conditions; among them, one of the catalytic areas includes nanomaterials of metals and metal oxides. Nanocatalysts play an important role in the organic transformation under green chemistry protocol, due to their recycling nature and provision of the required catalytic amount. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive summary of the re-cent progress made in the catalytic heterogeneous metal oxide NPs application, exclusively for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds reported in the period from 2012 to 2021. Also, this review provides an inherent framework for the reader to select a suitable catalytic system of interest to synthesize desired oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur heteroatoms containing heterocyclic scaffold with potential pharmacological activities.
Heat Therapy: Concept, Mechanism and Application in Unani Medicine
Authors: Amanullah  , Shamim  , Sayeed Ahmad , Haque Merajul , Ali  Khan Asim
Published: April 2023

Background:

Application of heat either generalised or localised is among various means employed in Unani medicine for promoting health, preventing as well as treating diseases. The concept of hotness (Ḥarārat) and application of physical heat have been in vogue during different periods of human civilization and it exists even today with certain modifications.

Heating Modalities:

Unani medicine offers various methods for the application of mild to moderate heat that includes Turkish bath (Ḥammām), massage (Dalk), cupping (Ḥijāma), sitz bath (Ābzan), inducing diaphoresis (Ta‘rīq), douche (Naṭūl), vapour bath (Inkibāb) and footbath (Pāshoya).

Application of Heat:

Heating modalities are commonly used by Unani physicians for relieving pain and stiffness, relaxing muscles, increasing blood circulation, liquefying the sticky and adherent humours lodged in the peripheral tissues and reducing inflammation. Application of severe heat also finds a place among various modes of treatment mentioned in Unani medicine. Cauterisation (Kayy) is the mode that is employed for the stoppage of bleeding, removing putrefactive matter and destroying lesions.

Conclusion:

Unani medicine offers classical methods and instruments for heat therapy used for centuries for the promotion of health, prevention and management of diseases. Heat therapy has been found considerably effective in managing certain health problems and diseases.
An Overview of Recently Published Patents on Pulmonary Drug Delivery
Devices
Authors: Dongare Suraj L. , Narkhede Minal R.
Published: April 2023

The pulmonary drug delivery system is a minimally invasive method of administering drugs
with systemic and localised activity. Since 4000 BC, inhalation therapy has been known to the Indians.
The most effective and suitable pulmonary drug delivery methods have been used for controlling diseases
like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), TB(Tuberculosis), lung cancer, cystic
fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension. Examples of pulmonary medication delivery devices- Metered
dose inhalers (MDIs), nebulizers, and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) in the latest patent 2022 that have undergone
numerous advancements over the years have been focused on in this article. Some promising patented
design advancements of nebulizers are humidifier breathing circuits to control liquid contamination,
technologically advanced nebulizers to increase pressure detection and nebulizer disinfection system
to decrease or eliminate contagions in expelled air are highlighted in this article. Some noticed formulation-
related advancements for inhalational dry powder patented in the year 2022, are mentioned in this
article. Development of heat-stable dry powder to solve instability of inhaled protein and peptide powder
at high temperatures. The inability of dry powder inhaler devices to administer low doses is solved by designing
an affordable and side effects-free inhaler. pMDI manufacturing process is simplified by manufacturing
tablets to be administered in pMDI. An aid is developed to lessen the activation force and keep
the dose count within budget. The patented advancement in the pulmonary drug delivery system can help
in the improvement of patient compliance and drug delivery efficacy.
ERKEN ÇOCUKLUK DÖNEMİNDE FEN EĞİTİMİNE YÖNELİK ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİNİN VE UYGULAMALARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Aslan Serkan , Uyulan Vesile
Published: April 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, erken çocukluk döneminde fen eğitimine yönelik öğretmen görüşlerinin ve öğretmenlerin uygulamalarının gözlemlenerek derinlemesine incelemektir. Araştırma nitel bir çalışma olup durum çalışması desenine göre tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını İç Anadolu Bölgesinin bir ilinde bulunan okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan 10 okul öncesi öğretmeni ve 5 okul öncesi eğitim sınıfı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden tipik durum örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme ve gözlem formları kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda erken çocukluk dönemi fen etkinlik uygulamalarında öğretmenlerin fen eğitiminin önemli ve gerekli gördüğü, fen eğitiminde kullanılan yöntem ve tekniklerin öğretmen merkezli olduğu öğretmenler tarafından ifade edilmiştir. Fen eğitiminde en sık kullanılan materyallerin ise doğal materyaller ve gıda malzemeleri olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Yapılan gözlemler neticesinde, sınıflarda fen bilim merkezinin bulunmadığı ve güncellenmediği; fen bilim merkezi bulunan sınıflarda ise yeterli materyallerin bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenler tarafından fen etkinliklerinde gözlem formu ve portfolyo gibi tamamlayıcı ölçme ve değerlendirme araçlarının kullanıldığı ifade edilmiştir, ancak yapılan gözlemlerde bu ölçme araçlarını sık kullanmadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Öğretmenler tarafından fen eğitiminde karşılaşılan sorunların başında malzeme ve materyal eksikliği, sınıf mevcudunun fazla olması ve sınıf fiziki şartlarının yetersiz olması ifade edilmiştir. Fen etkinlik uygulamalarının etkili ve verimli olması için geliştirilen önerilerin başında ise materyal ve malzeme desteği, öğretmenlere hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi, çocukların aktif katılımının sağlanması ve bütünleştirilmiş etkinlik olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
FAMILIA COMPOSITAE, TRIBU EUPATORIEAE I: SUBTRIBU CRITONIINAE
Authors:   Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hernández Miranda Ricardo Aarón , Redonda Martínez Rosario
Published: April 2023

Eupatorieae se caracteriza por presentar hojas generalmente opuestas y trinervadas en la base, cabezuelas homógamas discoides, estilos del mismo color que la corola y ramas del estilo aplanadas, generalmente clavadas en el ápice, glabras, rara vez papilosas o mamilosas (Funk et al., 2009). Aunque en las etiquetas de herbario es común encontrar que las flores de algunas especies son amarillas, el dato es erróneo; la confusión puede deberse a la gran cantidad de polen que contienen dichas flores o al proceso de secado de los especímenes, ya que en Eupatorieae las corolas nunca son amarillas (King & Robinson, 1987). La tribu Eupatorieae pertenece a la alianza Heliantheae y está relacionada con Perityleae (Robinson et al., 2009; Susanna et al., 2020). Debido a su diversidad, se ha dividido en 17 a 20 subtribus (King & Robinson, 1987; Hind & Robinson, 2007; Robinson et al., 2009; Susanna et al., 2020). Considerando las clasificaciones más recientes (Robinson et al., 2009; Susanna et al., 2020), en México se encuentran 13 subtribus y 11 en el territorio que comprende la Flora del Bajío y de Regiones Adyacentes. Diversidad. Tribu con 185 géneros y alrededor de 2200 especies en el mundo (Hind & Robinson, 2007; Pruski, 2018), en México se encuentran 52 géneros, ocho de ellos endémicos; y 623 especies, de las cuales 437 son endémicas (Redonda-Martínez, 2022). Para el área de estudio se reconocen 22 géneros y 123 especies (Villaseñor y Ortiz, 2012). Distribución. Tropical, la mayoría de las especies presentes únicamente en América; algunos representantes con distribución pantropical.
Shipping containers converted into livable facilities for commercialization in Cebu, Philippines
Authors: Velita Lolita V. , Galindo Ronald M. , Ancheta Jr. Rosein A. , Tibay Edgar U.
Published: April 2023

In Cebu, Philippines during the pandemic, hospitals were full and would no longer accept patients, which led the researchers to make a study on shipping containers converted to hospitals, isolation, quarantine, and other livable facilities to address the problem. If another wave of the virus comes, the facility is already in place to accommodate patients. Numerous studies have been conducted about shipping containers on their functionality, performance, and quality but there is no study about its marketability to target markets. The study determined the marketability of shipping containers converted into livable facilities for commercialization based on the following objectives: i) the four Ps of marketing, ii) industry and competitor analysis, iii) challenges and opportunities, and, iv) to propose recommendations on developing the converted shipping containers into livable facilities. There were two hundred thirty-nine respondents. The study used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The study found a high demand for shipping containers to be converted into livable facilities which could be a profitable business once commercialized.
Synthesis of boron carbide by the electric arc method in open air from carbon of various origins
Authors: Martynov R. S.  , Pak A. Ya.  , Mamontov G. Ya.  , Volokitin O. G.  , Yankovsky S. A.  , Gumovskaya A. A.  , Povalyaev P. V.  , Bolatova Zh.
Published: April 2023

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the implementation of electric arc synthesis of boron carbide using carbon with different morphology and origin as a feedstock: carbon fibers, flake graphite, carbon obtained by pyrolysis of plant waste, namely, pine sawdust and cedar nuts husks. A feature of the electric arc method used is its implementation using an original plasma reactor using atmospheric air as a working gas medium. Oxidation of feedstock and synthesis products in the working cycle of the reactor is prevented due to the generation of CO and CO2 gases in the reaction zone. The possibility of obtaining a material containing micron and submicron boron carbide crystals in a graphite matrix has been experimentally shown. Also, the paper presents information about the features of the oxidation processes of the obtained materials in comparison with commercial samples of boron carbide. Keywords: boron carbide, electric arc synthesis, carbon fibers, flake graphite, carbon of plant origin.
Changing the characteristics of contact spots when short-circuit currents flow through closed high-current electrical contacts
Authors: Khrestin A.V.  , Pavleino M. A.  , Safonov M. S.
Published: April 2023

Numerical simulation of heating of the vicinity of contact spots of closed copper high-current contacts by short-circuit currents of various shapes is carried out. The relationship between the parameters of thermal and mechanical fields when heated to temperatures exceeding the recrystallization temperature of the material is established. The dynamics of changes in the sizes of elastic and plastic deformations and their localization is shown. It is revealed in which cases the results of heating the contact surroundings may differ significantly with the flow of thermally equivalent currents. Keywords: electrical contact, pulse heating, numerical calculation, welding.
Creation of the second neutrino laboratory at the SM-3 reactor in order to increase the accuracy of the "Neutrino-4" experiment
Authors: Serebrov A. P.  , Ivochkin V. G.  , Samoilov R. M.  , Fomin A. K.  , Zinoviev V. G.  , Volkov S. S.  , Golovtsov V. L.  , Gruzinskii N. V.  , Neustroev P. V.  , Fedorov V. V.  , Parshin I. V.  , Gerasimov A. A.  , Zaytsev M. E.  , Chaikovskii M. E.  , Gagarskiy A. M.  , Petelin A. L.  , Izhutov A. L.  , Gromov M. O.  , Sazontov S. A.  , Tuzov A. A.  , Ryikalin V. I.  , Makarenkov D. A.  , Nemeryuk A. M.  , Kuzmina T. E.
Published: April 2023

In the experiment "Neutrino-4" on the search for a sterile neutrino, the effect of oscillations was found at a confidence level of 3 standard deviations. In order to significantly increase the accuracy of the experiment, a second neutrino laboratory is created at the SM-3 reactor (Dimitrovgrad, Russia) and a new neutrino detector is developed. The scintillation-type detector consists of 4 modules having a multi-sectional structure with a horizontal arrangement of 100 sections with PMTs located on both sides of the section. The possibility of increasing the accuracy of the experiment by a factor of 2.7 is shown, which will make it possible to achieve a confidence level of more than 5 standard deviations and answer the question of the existence of a sterile neutrino. Keywords: sterile neutrino, reactor antineutrino.
The high-speed two-channel analyzer of optically dense aerosol emissions based on diode optocouplers with a wavelength of 0.65 and 3.4 microns
Authors: Zagnit`ko A. V.  , Pimenov V. V.  , Sal`nikov S. E.  , Fedin D. Y.  , Alekseev V. I.  , Matsukov I. D.  , Velmakin S. M.  , Zaretsky N.P.  , Chernenko E. V.
Published: April 2023

A two-channel analyzer of optically dense flammable aerosol fluxes based on two parallel diode optocouplers with a wavelength of electromagnetic radiation λ=0.65 and 3.4 μm, a speed of tau≤ 0.05 s and the transmission of digitized data to a server up to 1200 m away via the RS-485 interface has been developed. Its design and characteristics in the process of detecting particle streams with a diameter of 0.2 to 5000 μm with an optical density of D≤3.5 are described. It is shown that the values of the ratio of wave attenuation coefficients with λ=0.65 and 3.4 μm to the droplet size calculated on the basis of the theory of radiation scattering Mi are consistent with the experimental ones. The created aerosol analyzer can be used in the express analysis of technogenic airborne emissions of fuel liquids and for the development of large-scale generators of explosive type when creating pulse barriers from clouds of finely dispersed aerosol in the atmosphere. Keywords: aerosol analyzer, speed, diode optocouplers, infrared and visible radiation, attenuation factor, optically dense emissions, Mi scattering theory, fuel liquids.
Pd-Fe alloy film with high magnetic gradient: structural and magnetic properties
Authors: I.V. Yanilkin  , A.I. Gumarov  , I.A. Golovchanskiy  , G.F. Gizzatullina  , A.G. Kiiamov  , B.F. Gabbasov  , R.V. Yusupov  , L.R. Tagirov
Published: April 2023

An epitaxial film of the Pd-Fe alloy 116 nm thick with an iron concentration varying in depth from 2 at.% to 50 at.% has been synthesized. An experimental depth distribution profile of iron was obtained as a result of stepwise etching of the film surface with Ar+ ions. Profiling has shown that, as a result of annealing, the impurity was redistributed in the film, and a layer of the L10-phase with a constant concentration was formed near the film surface. After removal of the L10-phase, the film exhibits "easy-plane" anisotropy. The study of spin-wave resonance spectra showed the presence of several modes of standing spin waves, the number of which depends on the residual film thickness. Keywords: graded magnetic materials, molecular beam epitaxy, palladium-iron alloys, X-ray diffraction, spin-wave resonance.
Synthesis of arrays nanostructured porous silicon wires in electron conductivity type silicon with crystallographic orientation (111)
Authors: Gagarina A.Yu.  , Bogoslovskaya L.S.  , Spivak Yu. M.  , Novikova K.N.  , Kuznetsov A.  , Moshnikov V.A.
Published: April 2023

The method of modified metal-assisted electrochemical etching was proposed and arrays of nanostructured porous silicon wires on n-type monocrystalline silicon substrate with crystallographic orientation (111) were obtained. The influence of the electrolyte composition at the second stage of obtaining on the morphology of silicon wires by scanning electron microscopy methods was revealed. The phase composition of porous silicon wires was controlled by Raman spectroscopy. Keywords: Porous silicon,porous Silicon nanowires, MACE, Nanomaterials, Raman spectroscopy.
Correction: Non Solved Contemporary Scientific Problems of Non-Conventional Bio-Surfaces Lubrication. Recent Progress in Materials 2023; 5(1): 013
Authors: Wierzcholski Krzysztof , Gospodarczyk Jacek
Published: April 2023

CorrectionCorrection: Non Solved Contemporary Scientific Problems of Non-Conventional Bio-Surfaces Lubrication. Recent Progress in Materials 2023; 5(1): 013Krzysztof Wierzcholski *, Jacek GospodarczykWSG Bydgoszcz University Garbary 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland; E-Mails: Krzysztof.wierzcholski@wp.pl; jacek.gospodarczyk@byd.pl* Correspondence: Krzysztof Wierzcholski; E-Mail: Krzysztof.wierzcholski@wp.plAcademic Editor: Hossein HosseinkhaniSpecial Issue: Non-Conventional Hydrodynamic Lubrication for Biological and Mechanical SurfacesRecent Progress in Materials2023, volume 5, issue 2doi:10.21926/rpm.2302018Received: April 26, 2023Accepted: April 26, 2023Published: April 27, 2023
The Influence of Age, Sex, and Socioeconomic Status on Glycemic Control Among People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Canada: Patient-Led Longitudinal Retrospective Cross-sectional Study With Multiple Time Points of Measurement (Preprint)
Authors: Mousavi Seyedmostafa , Tannenbaum Greenberg Dana , Ndjaboué Ruth , Greiver Michelle , Drescher Olivia , Chipenda Dansokho Selma , Boutin Denis , Chouinard Jean-Marc , Dostie Sylvie , Fenton Robert , Greenberg Marley , McGavock Jonathan , Najam Adhiyat , Rekik Monia , Weisz Tom , Willison Donald J , Durand Audrey , Witteman Holly O ,   Diabetes Action Canada Research Questions Prioritization Study
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Clinical guidelines for most adults with diabetes recommend maintaining hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels ≤7% (≤53 mmol/mol) to avoid microvascular and macrovascular complications. People with diabetes of different ages, sexes, and socioeconomic statuses may differ in their ease of attaining this goal.

OBJECTIVE

As a team of people with diabetes, researchers, and health professionals, we aimed to explore patterns in HbA1c results among people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in Canada. Our research question was identified by people living with diabetes.

METHODS

In this patient-led retrospective cross-sectional study with multiple time points of measurement, we used generalized estimating equations to analyze the associations of age, sex, and socioeconomic status with 947,543 HbA1c results collected from 2010 to 2019 among 90,770 people living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in Canada and housed in the Canadian National Diabetes Repository. People living with diabetes reviewed and interpreted the results.

RESULTS

HbA1c results ≤7.0% represented 30.5% (male people living with type 1 diabetes), 21% (female people living with type 1 diabetes), 55% (male people living with type 2 diabetes) and 59% (female people living with type 2 diabetes) of results in each subcategory. We observed higher HbA1c values during adolescence, and for people living with type 2 diabetes, among people living in lower income areas. Among those with type 1 diabetes, female people tended to have lower HbA1c levels than male people during childbearing years but higher HbA1c levels than male people during menopausal years. Team members living with diabetes confirmed that the patterns we observed reflected their own life courses and suggested that these results be communicated to health professionals and other stakeholders to improve the treatment for people living with diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

A substantial proportion of people with diabetes in Canada may need additional support to reach or maintain the guideline-recommended glycemic control goals. Blood sugar management goals may be particularly challenging for people going through adolescence or menopause or those living with fewer financial resources. Health professionals should be aware of the challenging nature of glycemic management, and policy makers in Canada should provide more support for people with diabetes to live healthy lives.
An Emerging Screening Method for Interrogating Human Brain Function: Tutorial (Preprint)
Authors: Sudre Gustavo , Bagić Anto I , Becker James T , Ford John P
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Cognitive decline can be observed due to a myriad of causes. Clinicians would benefit from a noninvasive quantitative tool to screen and monitor brain function based on direct measures of neural features. In this study, we used neuroimaging data from magnetoencephalography (with a whole-head Elekta Neuromag 306 sensor system) to derive a set of features that strongly correlate with brain function. We propose that simple signal characteristics related to peak variability, timing, and abundance can be used by clinicians as a screening tool to investigate cognitive function in at-risk individuals. Using a minimalistic set of features, we were able to perfectly distinguish between participants with normative and nonnormative brain function, and we were also able to successfully predict participants’ Mini-Mental Test score (r=0.99; P<.001; mean absolute error=0.413). This set of features can be easily visualized in an analog fashion, providing clinicians with several graded measurements (in comparison to a single binary diagnostic tool) that can be used for screening and monitoring cognitive decline.
Geological and geochemical investigations on the eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
Authors: Negendank J. F. W. , Emmermann R. , Krawczyk R. , Mooser F. , Tobschall H. , Werle D. J.
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo informa sobre investigaciones geoquímicas y geológicas de la sección este del Cinturón Volcánico Transmexicano (TMVB}.Como resultado de nuestro trabajo, nosotros preferimos considerar que el eje neovolcánico termina en la costa del Golfo de México y no en el área del Altiplano (Robín, 1981), por lo que respecta a la actividad volcánica durante el Plioceno-Quatemario. Durante esa época el volcanismo presenta un carácter calcalcalino-alcalino. El volcanismo en el Mioceno produjo rocas ígneas alcalinas-calcalcalinas en el macizo de Palma Sola y rocas ígneas calcalcalinas en la sección occidental de México, debido a la migración este-oeste de la "subducción" de la placa paleopacífica (Robín, 1976). Nuestros resultados geoquímicos no niegan ni favorecen un modelo geológico único y tampoco excluyen la versión de una microplaca de Shurbet and Cebull (1984). Sin embargo, los resultados geoquímicos no pueden explicarse por derivación directa del volcanismo de la "litosfera oceánica" (p.e., Robín, 1981, 1982). Independientemente de esto, el volcanismo del eje neovolcánico parece haber sido causado o inducido por la subducción de las placas Rivera y Cocos.
Robotic Process Automation Bot to Compare and Analyze a Product from Different E- commerce Websites
Authors: M Sivaharshini , M Abirami , B Mithula Aishwarya , S Janani , K Divya
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Earlier it was easier to differentiate humans from machines and machines from humans but in today’s world of digitalization it’s no longer a reality. The emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Automation are making human lives easier. Robotic process automation (RPA) allows people to make a software robot that can do things from any system without human intervention. The RPA technology concept is discussed in this paper in the E-commerce field where it allows users to search for a product from two distinctable websites and makes the users to select the best product in terms of quality