bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic Formulas for the Reflection/Transmission of Long Water Waves Propagating in a Tapered and Slender Harbor
Authors: Bautista Eric-Gustavo , Méndez Federico , Bautista Oscar
Published: July 2015

We obtain asymptotic formulas for the reflection/transmission coefficients of linear long water waves, propagating in a harbor composed of a tapered and slender region connected to uniform inlet and outlet regions. The region with variable character obeys a power-law. The governing equations are presented in dimensionless form. The reflection/transmission coefficients are obtained for the limit of the parameterκ2≪1, which corresponds to a wavelength shorter than the characteristic horizontal length of the harbor. The asymptotic formulas consider those cases when the geometry of the harbor can be variable in width and depth: linear or parabolic among other transitions or a combination of these geometries. For harbors with nonlinear transitions, the parabolic geometry is less reflective than the other cases. The reflection coefficient for linear transitions just presents an oscillatory behavior. We can infer that the deducted formulas provide as first approximation a practical reference to the analysis of wave reflection/transmission in harbors.
Hypoxic Preconditioning Suppresses Glial Activation and Neuroinflammation in Neonatal Brain Insults
Authors: Chen Chien-Yi , Sun Wei-Zen , Kang Kai-Hsiang , Chou Hung-Chieh , Tsao Po-Nien , Hsieh Wu-Shiun , Fu Wen-Mei
Published: July 2015

Perinatal insults and subsequent neuroinflammation are the major mechanisms of neonatal brain injury, but there have been only scarce reports on the associations between hypoxic preconditioning and glial activation. Here we use neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia brain injury model in 7‐day‐old rats and in vitro hypoxia model with primary mixed glial culture and the BV‐2 microglial cell line to assess the effects of hypoxia and hypoxic preconditioning on glial activation. Hypoxia‐ischemia brain insult induced significant brain weight reduction, profound cell loss, and reactive gliosis in the damaged hemisphere. Hypoxic preconditioning significantly attenuated glial activation and resulted in robust neuroprotection. As early as 2 h after the hypoxia‐ischemia insult, proinflammatory gene upregulation was suppressed in the hypoxic preconditioning group. In vitro experiments showed that exposure to 0.5% oxygen for 4 h induced a glial inflammatory response. Exposure to brief hypoxia (0.5 h) 24 h before the hypoxic insult significantly ameliorated this response. In conclusion, hypoxic preconditioning confers strong neuroprotection, possibly through suppression of glial activation and subsequent inflammatory responses after hypoxia‐ischemia insults in neonatal rats. This might therefore be a promising therapeutic approach for rescuing neonatal brain injury.
Hybrid Stochastic Finite Element Method for Mechanical Vibration Problems
Authors: Hakula Harri , Laaksonen Mikael
Published: July 2015

We present and analyze a new hybrid stochastic finite element method for solving eigenmodes of structures with random geometry and random elastic modulus. The fundamental assumption is that the smallest eigenpair is well defined over the whole stochastic parameter space. The geometric uncertainty is resolved using collocation and random material models using Galerkin method at each collocation point. The response statistics, expectation and variance of the smallest eigenmode, are computed in numerical experiments. The hybrid approach is superior to alternatives in practical cases where the number of random parameters used to describe geometric uncertainty is much smaller than that of the material models.
Description of Laccomimus gen. n. and eleven new species from the Neotropical region (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Laccophilinae)
Authors: TOLEDO MARIO , MICHAT MARIANO C.
Published: July 2015

A new genus of laccophiline diving beetles, Laccomimus gen. n., is here described on the basis of a large number of specimens from various collections formerly misidentified as members of the Neotropical genus Laccodytes Régimbart, 1895. Except for similar size, however, the new genus is not closely related to Laccodytes. Instead, it seems to be sister to the Oriental genus Laccosternus Brancucci, 1983, both sharing a similar body size and shape, characters of the female genital structures, and shape of the prosternal process. Twelve species are recognised within Laccomimus, all new to science except Laccomimus pumilio (LeConte, 1878) comb. n., the type species. The new species are: Laccomimus alvarengi sp. n., L. amazonas sp. n., L. bolivari sp. n., L. bordoni sp. n., L. distinctus sp. n., L. improvidus sp. n., L. malkini sp. n., L. spangleri sp. n., L. spinosus sp. n., L. variegatus sp. n., L. youngi sp. n. The distribution of the new genus includes most of the Neotropics, with one species, L. pumilio, reaching Florida, USA. Each taxon is described and illustrated and a key for their identification is provided. Laccomimus is a widespread and relatively common genus in tropical America, the species of which have a wide distributional range, except for a few confined to more restricted areas. In spite of this, Laccomimus is a very uniform genus in body shape, size and colouration, and in most cases identification of the species is possible only after examination of the male genitalia. A key to distinguish genera of the tribe Laccophilini is also presented.
The discovery of the genus Protodacnusa Griffiths, 1964 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Alysiinae) in China, with descriptions of six new species
Authors: MAO JUAN , HE JUN-HUA , CHEN XUE-XIN
Published: July 2015

The genus Protodacnusa Griffiths, 1964 (Braconidae: Alysiinae: Dacnusini) is newly recorded from China with six new species being described, namely Protodacnusa defectivus sp. nov., P. dimorphus sp. nov., P. helanensis sp. nov., P. longicaudatus sp. nov., P. magnidentis sp. nov. and P. nigra sp. nov. A key to the species of Protodacnusa worldwide is provided.
The role of grammatical metaphor in the development of advanced literacy in Spanish as a first, second, and heritage language
Authors: Velázquez-Mendoza Omar
Published: July 2015

This paper draws some general conclusions from the evidence gathered by two recent analyses, which traced the development of advanced literacy by two undergraduate language learner populations: (1) Humanities students of the National Autonomous University of Mexico for whom Spanish is a native language (L1); and (2) Linguistics students enrolled at the University of California, Davis for whom Spanish is either a heritage (HL) or a second language (L2). Textual scrutiny of student texts extracted from the Corpus del Lenguaje Académico en Español (or CLAE: ) documents positive trends in the acquisition of ideational grammatical metaphors both in the monolingual, Spanish-only university setting of Mexico, and in the Spanish-English bilingual context of California. In this analysis, I propose that, regardless of the participants’ native language(s), learners of Spanish undergo parallel developmental stages within Halliday’s model of language acquisition at the advanced level.
Features of commission of currency transactions of the Russian organization by foreign representation
Authors: Кочинев  , Kochinev Yuriy , Соболь  , Sobol Oksana
Published: July 2015

The article systemizes currency transactions made by foreign representation of Russian organizations, analyses

its compliance to the currency legislation of the Russian Federation, and exposes operations making which brings a high

risk of invalidation.
Colorectal cancer screening characteristics of patients presenting with symptoms of colorectal cancer and effect on clinical outcomes
Authors: Saratzis A , Winter-Beatty J , El-Sayed C , Pande R , Harmston C
Published: July 2015

Introduction

National colorectal cancer screening, utilising a faecal occult blood test (FOBT), is now well established in the UK. The aim of this study was to define the screening characteristics of patients presenting to secondary care with symptoms of colorectal cancer and to assess the effect of screening outcome on subsequent symptomatic presentation.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of all patients of screening age presenting within one calendar year in a tertiary trust via a two-week wait (2WW) pathway owing to suspicion of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer related outcomes were compared between patients in the cohort who had previously accepted bowel cancer screening and patients who had previously declined bowel cancer screening. The primary endpoint was overall incidence of colorectal neoplasia. Secondary endpoints included incidence of colorectal malignancy, cancer related mortality, cancer related outcomes and polyp related outcomes.

Results

Overall, 2,227 patients presented via the 2WW pathway; 955 were aged 60–75 years. Among the latter, 411 (43%) had been screened previously and had a negative FOBT, and 544 (57%) had declined screening. Incidence of colorectal neoplasia did not differ between the two groups (113 [27%] vs 143 [26%], p=0.7). Of those with a negative FOBT and subsequent symptomatic presentation, 16 (3.9%) were diagnosed with a colorectal malignancy compared with 36 (6.6%) of those who declined screening and had subsequent symptomatic presentation (relative risk: 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 0.96–3.02, p=0.08). There were no differences between the two groups with regard to TNM (tumour, lymph nodes, metastasis) stage, Dukes’ stage, metastases, number of polyps or cancer related mortality (median follow-up duration: 20 months).

Conclusions

The incidence of colorectal neoplasia was similar among patients who previously had a negative FOBT and those who declined screening. There was a higher incidence of colorectal cancer detected among those who declined screening but it did not reach statistical significance. All other cancer and polyp outcomes were similar between the groups.
Input Availability and Use under Poultry Import Prohibition: A study of Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Munonye Jane , Nwajiuba Chinedum , Eze Christopher
Published: July 2015

The broad objective of the study is to examine input availability and use under poultry import prohibition in southeast Nigeria from 1994-2009. The specific objectives include: to determine whether there is increased demand for poultry feed, drugs and day old chicks before and since the ban; to determine the effect of input supplied on domestic poultry production. The study adopted trend analysis of before (1994-2001) and since (2002-2009) the ban to examine the variations in poultry input and supply. Three states were sampled out of the five states that made up the zone. Data were collected through the use of a questionnaire. A total of sixty respondents were used, 20 persons each from the three states selected. The results showed that feed demanded has a mean value of 141.75 tons before the ban and 82.19 tons since the ban indicated a decrease in demand for feed. While day-old chicks demanded has a mean value of 310.47 birds before the ban and 466.3 birds since the ban indicated an increase in the demand for day-old chicks. The mean value of Drugs was 266.7 grams before the ban and 299.3 grams since the ban, indicating an increase in demand for drugs. There was also a significant variation in the standard deviation and also in both maximum and minimum values over the time period in feed, day-old chicks and drugs. The major constraint is input availability. The study concluded that there was an increase in demand for day old chicks since the ban.
Evaluation of surface treatment methods on the bond strength of zirconia ceramics systems, resin cements and tooth surface
Authors: Akkuş Emek , Begum Turker
Published: July 2015

Objectives: To compare the effects of airborne-particle abrasion (APA) and tribochemical silica coating (TSC) surface treatment methods on the shear bond strength of zirconia ceramics systems, resin cements and tooth surface Materials and Methods: Prefabricated Cercon and ZirkonZahn specimens treated with Al2O3 APA and TSC (Cojet, 3M ESPE) were luted on a dentin surface with Panavia F 2.0 (Kuraray, Japan) and Multilink Automix (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechstein). The specimens were immersed in distilled water (37°C) for 30 days and then loaded in a universal test machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Shear bond strength at failure was measured and recorded in N. The data were analysed by Mann-Whitney-U test (p<0.005) and by Chi-square test. Results: It's demonstrated that the surface treatment affected the bond strength of all specimens. The mean bond strength values of the 2 zirconia systems were nearly the same. Shear bond strength of Cercon specimens treated with Cojet System, luted with Panavia 2.0 (242, 77 ± 53, 17 N were found to be significantly higher (p=0.04) than the other specimens. Fractures were observed at the interface between the ceramic surface and the cements or within the cements. Conclusion: There were no statically significant differences between zirconium systems (Cercon and Zirkonzahn). The specimens luted with Panavia F 2.0 showed higher shear bond strength values than the specimens luted with Multilink Automix. Panavia F 2.0 cement could be used with TSC, when the additive retention was needed.
Biocatalytic Acetylation of Primary Amines by Lipases under Orbital Shaking and Microwave Radiation
Authors: Araújo Yara Jaqueline Kerber , Porto André Luiz Meleiro
Published: July 2015

This paper addresses the effects of the concentration of lipases, temperature and solvent on the enzymatic acetylation of primary amines. (±)-Heptan-2-amine 1, (±)-4-phenylbutan-2-amine 2, (±)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-amine 3 and (±)-2-methylcyclohexan-1-amine 4 were acetylated using 11 lipases to obtain amides under orbital shaking and microwave radiation. Under microwave radiation the same amines were acetylated only using the CALB. (±)-Heptan-2-amine 1 was subjected to kinetic resolution, under orbital shaking for 7 h employing CALB and ethyl acetate as acylating agent, and converted into (R)-N- (heptan-2-yl)acetamide 5 (c = 42%, 88% ee
Numerical Simulation on Optimization of Center Segregation for 50CrMo Structural Alloy Steel
Authors: Gao Xiangzhou , Yang Shufeng , Li Jingshe , Liao Hang
Published: July 2015

To improve the center segregation of billet for 50CrMo structural alloy steel, a 3D numerical model of solidification and heat transfer process for continuous casting had been established. The influence law of continuous casting process parameters on the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and equiaxed crystal ratio had been obtained. It was shown that reducing superheat and casting speed and increasing the secondary cooling intensity could decrease SDAS. Reducing any one of the three parameters could increase the equiaxed crystal ratio. Adjusting only secondary cooling intensity could not make the SDAS and equiaxed crystal ratio change in the desired direction, but regulating the other two parameters could supply this gap. After optimizing the continuous casting process parameters of 50CrMo billet, the defect of center segregation was solved basically.
Water-soluble polysaccharides from Opuntia stricta Haw. fruit peels: recovery, identification and evaluation of their antioxidant activities
Authors: Koubaa Mohamed , Ktata Ameni , Barba Francisco J. , Grimi Nabil , Mhemdi Houcine , Bouaziz Fatma , Driss Dorra , Chaabouni Semia Ellouz
Published: July 2015

Opuntia stricta Haw. is considered as one of the most common cactus plant growing in Tunisia. Extracting valuable compounds from its fruit peel, considered as by-product, is drawing more and more attention, making it on the verge of commercialization. Water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from Opuntia stricta Haw. peels, and their chemical composition assessed using thin layer chromatography. The antioxidant activities of the extracted polysaccharides were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and reducing power capacity. The extraction yield of water-soluble polysaccharides was 7.53±0.86%. The chemical composition revealed the presence of rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, mannose, galactose and galacturonic acid. The infra-red spectroscopic analysis showed a similar structure to that of Opuntia ficus-indica polysaccharide peels. Additionally, the extracted polysaccharides exhibited high antioxidant activities. In fact, the free radical scavenging activity (half inhibition concentration = 6.5 mg ml−1 with 94.9% inhibition at 50 mg ml−1), the total antioxidant activity (100 μg ascorbic acid equivalent at 50 mg polysaccharides) and the reducing power capacity (absorbance 700 nm = 0.7 at 50 mg ml−1), appeared to be interesting compared to natural and synthetic antioxidants. Therefore, water-soluble polysaccharides from Opuntia stricta Haw. fruit peels could be a natural alternative to replace synthetic antioxidants.
Development of optimum substrate compositions in the methane fermentation process
Authors: Lalak Justyna , Kasprzycka Agnieszka , Paprota Ewelina M. , Tys Jerzy , Murat Aleksandra
Published: July 2015

The aim of the study was to assess the potential of organic wastes from the agriculture and food industry as co-substrate for biogas production, on the basis of physical and chemical parameters analysis and biogas yield in the process of methane fermentation. The experimental material consisted of carrot pomace, kale by-products and maize silage. Methane fermentation was conducted in bioreactors equipped with an automatic control and measurement system. The study indicated correct physicochemical properties in terms of high content of dry organic matter and also correct C/N ratio. That was reflected in high biogas yields which amounted to, respectively, 558 N dm3kg−1VS−1for carrot pomace and kale by-products, and 526 N dm3kg−1VS−1for maize silage. The study showed that the intensity of biogas production was varied and depended on the composition of fermented mixtures. Methane fermentation of organic waste mixtures significantly increased the amount of biogas efficiency compared to the fermentation of individual substrates. The successful run of the experiment indicates that a mixture composed of carrot pomace and kale by-products is a good substrate for the production of biogas.
Parameterization and cartographic presentation of water deficits of cultivated plants
Authors: Ostrowski Janusz , Łabędzki Leszek , Kanecka-Geszke Ewa
Published: July 2015

The aim of the paper was to characterise and present cartographically water deficits of crop plants grown on different soils in Poland. The calculation of water deficits was carried out for 40 meteorological stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management and the Institute of Technology and Life Sciences using meteorological data from the growing seasons 1970-2004 for most crops grown in Poland. Estimations were made for soils suitable for growing the selected crop plants. Water deficits were determined for a probability of exceedance of 20 and 50%. They served to create a relative database. Maps of water deficit were generated for each crop and for two probabilities. The estimated share of soil area suitable for growing the particular crops was calculated for water deficits greater than 40 mm. Water deficits of a given crop on soils suitable for growing at probabilities of their occurrence once in 5 years are also presented in the paper.
Influence Of Fine-Grained Montmorillonite On Microfungal Pellets Growth In Aqueous Suspensions
Authors: Jesenák Karol , Šimonovičová Alexandra , Čerňanský Slavomír
Published: July 2015

The paper presents an inhibition effect of clay mineral – montmorillonite – on the growth of microscopic filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger in the aqueous solution. The significant reduction in growth of the final size of spherical fungal pellets as well as total amount of produced microbial biomass was found out. Within the observed range of additions of clay mineral of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g in the total volume of the 80 ml suspension, this size was in indirect relation to the weight of montmorillonite. However, the most significant inhibition effect was observed at the lowest concentration of the sorbent (1 g). Microscopic analysis of pellets referred to the presence of mineral particles in their pore structure and the distribution of particles in the spatial structure of fungal hyphae was variable. The experiment clearly demonstrated an inhibition effect of montmorillonite. This inhibition could be answered by the experiments focused on the detection of the influence of size and shape of inorganic sorption particles together with the influence of the physicochemical properties of its surface. It could be stated that the simultaneous application of the microscopic fungus Aspergillus niger and the clay mineral montmorillonite for decontamination of waste waters should be disadvantage due to their interaction if compared with the decontamination based on bioaccumulation and sorption separately.
Language As a Memory Carrier Of Perceptually-Based Knowledge. Selected Aspects Of Imagery In Chaucer’s Knight’s Tale And Troilus And Criseyde
Authors: Stadnik Katarzyna
Published: July 2015

In the paper, we address the question of the relation between language and culture from a Cognitive Linguistic perspective. While accounting for the role of language as an aid to cultural transmission in maintaining the community’s conceptual order, we address the question of whether the concept of a linguistic worldview aptly captures the interplay between language and culture. We suggest that, due to cumulative cultural evolution spurred by the incessant development of human knowledge, layers of conceptualisations accumulate over time. It is proposed that this palimpsest of conceptualisations results from human interaction that transcends the constraints of the present moment, encompassing the past and present, as well as delineating possible developments of the community’s future conceptual order.
Suicide Notes in Monroe County: A 23 Year Look (1950–1972)
Authors: Edland JF , Duncan CE
Published: July 2015

Suicide has occurred since the beginning of recorded history [1,2]. Many recent studies in the psychiatric literature deal with descriptive variables, including both the sociological and psychological factors operating at the time of the suicide [3,4].
Automated Analysis of Alcohols in Blood
Authors: Solon J , Watkins J , Mikkelsen L
Published: July 2015

Gas chromatography is a valuable analytical tool for the measurement of volatiles in a variety of different samples. Published methods utilizing this technique for the analysis of ethanol and related volatiles in blood and urine are now too numerous to mention. However, in a recent publication by Jain, a simple, rapid gas chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, as well as low boiling hydrocarbons associated with glue sniffing was described. The method involves the direct injection of blood mixed with an internal standard. Jain reported the successful use of his G.C. column for more than two years and several thousand injections.
Hydrolysis of Morphine Glucuronide
Authors: Fish F , Hayes TS
Published: July 2015

In procedures requiring the quantitative analysis for total morphine in body fluids there is a need to liberate the bound drug, and for the hydrolysis of conjugates in urine there are alternative methods of acid or enzyme hydrolysis. However, with the former method questions are raised as to optimum acid concentration and time of hydrolysis, as well as to the relative efficiencies of autoclaving and refluxing; with the latter there are questions of preferred source of enzyme, pH value of the reaction mixture, and incubation temperature. Before the advent of automated analysis for the rapid determination of morphine, a considerable number of tedious and repetitive analyses would have been required to produce acceptable answers, but the use of an AutoAnalyser® manifold has made it a relatively simple matter.
Grammatical Errors in Speaking Made by the Third Year English Department Students STKIP Abdi Pendidikan Payakumbuh
Authors: Hervina Hervina
Published: July 2015

Speaking is important skill in the language learning. Many people assumed that study the language must be able to speak using the language. Besides that, language is a system of understanding to communicate with others. The researcher found out the error and hopefully it can be reflection in learning English. The method of this research is qualitative research. It is based on the research focus; to analyze the grammatical errors of English department students’ of STKIP Abdi Pendidikan Payakumbuh. The methods used by the researcher to get the data were observation, interview, and documentation. There were three activities on data analysis; data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/ verification. The result shows that the students have not mastered the use of verb groups. It can be seen from the number of the errors made. Although they had been taught about it before, they were still confused which one to use when making a grammatical sentence. Copyright © 2014 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Soft Skill: Its Urgency and Development at Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Sabri Ahmad
Published: July 2015

The success of a person in a career work is not only determined by his or her technical capability, but also the non-technical skills which is so called ‘soft-skills’.  It is an attitude which is exemplified among the cognitive and values in the interaction with people around. Several identified falures in the community’s life indicate that many Islamic university graduates suffered from lack of ability to build  harmonious relationship with the environment.  Therefore, it is a high time for this institution to consistently instil some types of soft-skills on the parts of the students.  The current study shares the urgent needs for developing students’ soft-skills for Islamic colleges and universities. The paper ends up with several conclusions while promoting some commitments to be held by the faculty development including: the identification of soft-skills that have already existed in the students’ minds and which need to be developed, the exploration of soft skills attributes for the next 5 years based on the inspiration or opinion of the stake holders and alumnaes, the setting of action plan for academic and non-cademic agendas, acting out the planned activities, as well as the sustainable blue-print of valid soft-skills. Copyright © 2014 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Trazando rutas de la migración de tránsito irregular o no documentada por México
Authors: Martínez Graciela , Cobo Salvador David , Narváez Juan Carlos
Published: July 2015

En el presente artículo se analizan los cambios y las continuidades en las rutas del flujo de migración de tránsito irregular o no documentada por México. Con base en los registros administrativos del Instituto Nacional de Migración relacionados con los eventos de retención de migrantes que no acreditan su legal estancia en el país, se delinean las posibles rutas de internación, recorrido y salida de la migración centroamericana que se dirige a Estados Unidos. Los resultados advierten sobre la complejidad que ha adquirido este fenómeno como consecuencia de factores asociados a la seguridad, los fenómenos naturales, la violencia y las políticas migratorias en Estados Unidos y México.
Monitoring as a tool for the "Observational Method"
Authors: Langhorst Onno , Obladen Bas , Kaptein Gijs , Bosma Carlos
Published: July 2015

The municipality of Amsterdam is currently constructing the new metro line, the NorthSouth_Line. The metro line passes through Amsterdam's Central Station. The contractor must construct an immersed tunnel under the station platforms, the 15 tracks and the historical station building whereby it must be avoided that the historical building consisting of brickwork from 1890 is damaged. Rail traffic and rail passengers can not be inconvenienced during construction and safety must be guaranteed. Monitoring is an effective tool for process control for both the Client and the Main contractor within this context.
Complexity, Ingenuity, Creativity
Authors: Cremer Jean-Marie
Published: July 2015

Our built heritage suffers. It is becoming increasingly necessary to repair, strengthen and even upgrade its performance. The causes of damages and disorders we discover on our buildings and structures are as various as the reasons that lead us to reconsider the use we make of them. We are therefore faced with the need to understand the behaviour of old structures, discover their shortcomings and imagine how to act effectively in the least denaturing their sometimes highly representative heritage character. These reflections apply to both old buildings and the modern, civil and industrial equipment and call for new ways of thinking from our engineers.
Frame design to support the transparent facade of JP Tower
Authors: Yoshihara Tadashi , Ogawa Ichiro , Nagayama Kenji , Tagawa Hideki , Suzuki Minoru , Simamura Kohei
Published: July 2015

JP Tower is a high-rise building with a height of 200 m located in front of Tokyo Station. The structure has 38 floors above ground, 4 basement levels, and a total floor area of 212,000 m2. The north fa<ade of the high-rise section, which faces the square in front of Tokyo Station, consists of a glass curtain wall with a design that extends dynamically towards the sky. To increase the transparency of this north fa<ade, there are additional glass screens on ist four edges (top and bottom and two sides). This paper provides an outline of the JP Tower structure, the design of the frames to support the transparent fa<ade, and the construction of the fa<ade.
Dynamic Characteristics of Historic Noshiro City Assembly Hall, Japan
Authors: Cuadra Carlos
Published: July 2015

In this research, a historical wooden structure was selected as target building to estimate its dynamic characteristics based on in-situ ambient vibration measurements. The building corresponds to the old assembly hall of Noshiro city, Japan that was built in 1950. The structure is a two-story wooden frame with 20 m by 29 m of plan dimensions. The building consists of an office part at east side, gallery at west side and a main hall at the middle. It is planned to left only the main hall as historic building and to demolish the office part. However office part contribute also to lateral stiffness of the building and therefore evaluation of dynamic behavior with and without office part is required. As initial works ambient vibration measurements were planned and undertaken by author and normal modes of vibration in main directions were estimated as 4.86 Hz and 3.09 Hz for EW (longitudinal direction) and NS (short direction) respectively. Torsional mode of vibration was also detected at 6.41 Hz. In addition, finite element model was constructed considering the special characteristics of wooden frame joints by assigning a rotational stiffness at ends of structural elements. In general good agreement was observed between measurements results and analysis results. Ambient vibration measurements combined with finite element method of analysis provided a valuable basis for evaluation of the dynamic characteristics of the selected historic wooden structure.
Experimental Study on New Developed Slab Link Method
Authors: Hida Hajime , Adachi Yukio , Okashiro Shigeki
Published: July 2015

Slab link method has the some problems in the construction field. Solution of the problem was needed in order to perform many constructions. Then, two new structures were developed to raise construction performance. type imitation models were made and capacity and fatigue tests were carried out. s a result, the model of all the types brought a satisfactory result.
The Shifting Topology of Environmentalism: Human-Environment Relationships and Conceptual Trends in Two North American Organizational Histories
Authors: Willow Anna J.
Published: July 2015

This article approaches environmentalism as a way of positioning ourselves in relation to the world around us. It traces transformations in how two prominent North American environmental groups—the Nature Conservancy and the Sierra Club—conceptualize environmentalism's objects, objectives, and ideal human-environment relationship. Historical narratives highlighting how and why these organizations have redrawn their conceptual maps demonstrate that while mainstream environmentalism's prevailing topology once placed humans apart from and above the environment, the contemporary movement appears to be approaching a more inclusive vision that admits humans as an integral part of the environment. Yet because including human activities and concerns within environmental agendas is neither free from pragmatic problems nor invulnerable to ideological challenges, the article also considers how the same broad conceptual trends that have facilitated the reconceptualization of human-environment relationships may also concurrently complicate it.
Haemangiopericytoma of the Larynx: A Rare Clinical Entity
Authors: Matin MA , Ali Md Saber , Haque Md Enamul
Published: July 2015

Haemangiopericytomas are rare vascular neoplasms of the head and neck.Laryngeal involvement is even extremely rare ,with only 11 previously reported cases in the literature .We present an unusual case of a 45 years old man with obstructing left glottic mass .Tracheostomy was done for the stridor and FOL showed huge reddish vascular mass which was attached along the whole length of the undersurface of the left vocal cord.Microlaryngoscopic excisionof the whole mass was done ,with biopsy consistent with a haemangiopericytoma.Following operation tracheostomy tube was put off and he got his voice back.The patient is currently 2 years post op follow-up with no recurrence. Otolaryngologists need to be aware of this rare tumour that can be treated successfully with surgical resection.Close long term follow up is needed since recurrence can present many years after initial treatment.Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2015; 21(1): 47-50
The Dynamic Response of Tunnel through the Karst Cave under Impact Load
Authors: Deng Hong Liang , Wu Sheng Lin , Guo Shu Xiang , Ma Li Bin , Guo Yang
Published: July 2015

More and more construction of tunnel engineering in karst region. Karst influence on tunnel engineering in deformation and instability, it often leading to Partial collapse, impellers, rock fall in the tunnel excavation or after work. For through large Karst cave tunnel, it will give great harm to tunnel, adjacent structures and injuries and consequence is very serious when faced with karst collapse occurs. The paper is based on engineering example of XieGiadong cave tunnel, the research results has important value for engineering construction and protection of resources. For example, the tunnel lining structure under the action of impact load produced large deformation and the overall shear failure and the process is ephemeral. Tunnel in the process of impact contact to destroy only less than 0.1 S, The vertical displacement of 2.88 m, the horizontal displacement of 0.8 m, fall since the collapse of rock mass to the maximum contact force of the contact with the tunnel 7000000KN.
The Study of Structure Supporting System in Log Cabins
Authors: Zhang Ying Lu , Wang Hao Ran , He Shao Jun , Yang Bao Shi
Published: July 2015

Modern timber buildings are more and more popular with their characteristics of green, environmental protection, low carbon. According to their structure, they are divided into light wood frame construction, sawn and log timber structures, glued laminated timber structures, log cabins. This paper analyzes the structure supporting structural system of log cabins, from material requirements, structural design to production process, supplemented by practical case to demonstration, to explore the design method of log cabin’s structure supporting system.
Dynamic Response of a Steel Bridge under Earthquake Action in Liugong Island of Weihai
Authors: Jiao Xing Zi , Shao Yong Bo
Published: July 2015

This study presents finite element analyses for a special steel bridge under the action an actual seismic wave. The maximum stress and the maximum deflection of the bridge are calculated based on the dynamic analyses. It is found that the bracing system and the beams between the two columns at the end of the bracing system are the critical members in the steel bridge under seismic action. The maximum displacement of the steel bridge is located at the overhang beams at the bridge end. However, the dynamic response is different when the seismic wave is input in different directions. Based on the numerical results, it is found that the special steel bridge is safe under the seismic action.
Analysis on Influence of Shield Tunneling on Bridge Double Pile
Authors: Xi Pei Sheng , Zhao Xiao , Li Zhen
Published: July 2015

Shield tunneling have varying degrees of impact on the surrounding buildings and the surrounding environment. Based on the shield tunneling of Hefei Subway Line 1 Ma'anshan viaduct, a 3D Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua is be used to simulate the shield tunnel construction and analyze the ground settlement and bridge pile deformation caused by tunnel construction. The numerical modeling results by analyzing the displacement variation and soil affected area at different distances show that when the shield tunnel excavation, the ground settlement becomes smaller with increasing distance from the shield center line of the pile and the maximum ground settlement is 10.778mm. The main deformation of bridge pile is in horizontal direction with a maximum horizontal direction of 2.0758mm. Horizontal displacement changes lager at the top of the pile, along with changes in the horizontal displacement of the pile depth becomes smaller, 15m is a turning point.
Internal Force Analysis of Frame Structure Considering the Soil Constraint
Authors: Liu Shu Zhi
Published: July 2015

Part of the bottom column in the frame structure is buried in the soil,sometimes it should be considered the affects from the body of the soil when calculating the ground floor of the frame structure. The Winkler assumes is quoted in this article, as considering the coefficient of the Soil-column interaction, the equivalent height calculating formula of the column restrained by the earth is deduced , this can change the frame structure that restrained by the earth into the commonly structure to calculate. It illustrates that the restrained load by the earth in the bottom of the structure has the big affects on the internal force and lateral. It provides a simple calculating method for such structure.
Preparation and Properties of Graphene/TiO2 Thin Films
Authors: Bai Tao , Zhu Shi Gen
Published: July 2015

This study prepared a Graphene/TiO2(G/TiO2) thin films by using a sol–gel method The structure and morphology of the materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM) and thermo gravimetric- differential scanning calorimeter techniques (TG/DTG).AFM images showed that the G/TiO2 film is typically amorphous hot-treated at 300°C. When the temperature was increased to 500 °C, G/TiO2 thin films are all crystalline. The XRD results showed that G/TiO2 thin films contained crystalline phase of anatase after calcining at 500°C. TG/DTG measurement showed that the change of the crystal phase did not occur in gel until to 500°C.
Structure Size on the Heat Transfer Performance of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: Jin Mei , Zhan Li , Wu Han Lin , Liu Hong Jiao
Published: July 2015

In this paper, based on the numerical simulation with RNG k-ε model by using commercial code of FLUENT, the effects of the structure size of the shell and tube heat exchanger, such as the baffle spacing and the gap height of baffle plate, on the pressure drop, the heat transfer coefficient and j-f Factor were investigated to obtain the relationship between the baffle spacing and the gap height of baffle plate using the same thermophysical conditions. The numerical simulation results exhibited that there was a non-monotonic relationship between the baffle spacing and the gap height of baffle plate. A better heat transfer performance could be observed under the condition of a smaller value of the baffle spacing and a higher value of the ratio of the gap height to the actual section, or under the condition of a higher value of the baffle spacing and a smaller value of the ratio of the gap height to the actual section. Moreover, under the optimum geometrical condition, the numerical simulation results showed that a smaller difference between the inlet section length and the baffle spacing could give a higher j-f Factor and a better heat transfer performance.
A Study on the Removal of Solder-Coated Layer of Photovoltaic Ribbon
Authors: Lee Jin Seok , Jang Bo Yun , Kim Joon Su , Ahn Young Soo , Kang Gi Hwan , Wang Jei Pil
Published: July 2015

The oxidation behavior of photovoltaic ribbon was measured for 48 hours over the temperature range of 300°C to 800°C using thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA). It was found that weigh-gained of both samples was found to be increased with increasing temperature and it was dramatically increased at 800°C for 30 minutes of initial oxidation time. Pure copper with 99.55% purity was successfully recovered from the photovoltaic ribbon of spent solar module using cyclic oxidation method.
Effects of Cooling Rate on Metallographic Structure of Boron-Bearing Steel
Authors: Zhao Yi Sheng , Gao Zhi Guo , Deng Yun Lai
Published: July 2015

Effects of cooling rate on metallographic structure of boron-bearing steel were investigated in present research. The results showed it consists of ferrite and pearlite formed in the initial stage of the transformation in the studied boron-bearing steels cooled at the rate from 1 to 10°C/s. For the higher cooling rate than 15 to 33°C/s, it consisted of bainite formed in the second stage of the transformation. For increasing presently cooling rate than 66°C/s, it consisted of martensite formed in the third stage of the transformation. All the transformation of metallographic structure was proved by CCT diagram.
Helical Metamaterial Elements as RLC Circuit
Authors: Dziarzhauskaya Tatsiana , Semchenko Igor , Khakhomov Sergei
Published: July 2015

In the present paper, we study electromagnetic properties of single-turn, double-turn and DNA-like helices in microwave range. In particular, we determine the magnetic flux density in the center of the inclusions and their inductance and capacitance. In this paper we have numerically obtained the magnetic field of different kinds of helices: the single-turn helical element, the double-turn helical element, the half-turn helical element and DNA-like helical element. For these helical elements the inductance, capacitance and Q factor were calculated numerically.
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer and Nanographite Hybrid Composite as Innovative Material for Chemical Vapour Sensing
Authors: Stepina Santa , Sakale Gita , Knite Maris
Published: July 2015

There were made and tested three types of polymer and nanographite composites: 1) Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) as matrix and extra-conductive highly structured carbon black (EHSCB) as conductive filler; 2) EVA matrix and carbon nanotubes (CNT) as filler; 3) EVA matrix and as filler are used optimal combination of two kind of conductive filler, EHSCB and CNT. Volatile organic compound vapour sensor-effect is tested for all composite types.
The Flame Retardant Coating of Linen Fabrics
Authors: Bernava Aina , Strazds Guntis
Published: July 2015

In this research an effect of a flame-retardant coating with antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), commercial printing pastes Printperfec EX-TS, Tubvinyl 235MC and a pigment Bezaprint ROT KF onto a raw linen fabric and a bleached linen fabric has investigated. After the coating 5 washing cycles were applied to half of the fabrics. The burning test of the raw and the bleached linen fabrics and those coated with commercial printing pastes and antimony trioxide, as well as the washed fabrics was accomplished. The results of the test show, that the raw and the bleached linen fabric burns completely. The flame extinction was observed for coated fabrics and coated washed fabrics.
The New Type of Knitted Resistive Fabric and its Application
Authors: Oks Aleksander , Katashev Alexei , Litvak Jurij
Published: July 2015

Present paper relates to the field of “smart textiles” and demonstrates the results of research carried out on the development of a new type of knitted sensing elements (knitted resistive fabric (KRP)) which can be integrated in the garment applied for health monitoring. KRP produced from conductive resistive, nonconductive isolating and nonconductive elastomeric yarns. Elastomeric yarn is used as the base yarn and is knitted in the whole fabric, but isolating and resistive yarns (functional yarns) are used as face yarns and knitted in specific sequence. Proposed knitted resistive fabric has high sensitivity to strain deformation and can be used as sensing element to control deformation of the human body parts, joint motion, respiration etc.
Construction of Anytime Algorithms for Robust Speech Recognition
Authors: Nagy Gabriella
Published: July 2015

Reliability of voice-controlled Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) systems depends mostly on real-time recognition of speech commands coming from a noisy environment. This paper discusses the aspects of constructing anytime algorithms for robust speech recognition in AAL systems. In this case, command recognition is a speaker-dependent classification on a limited set of isolated phrases. An interruptible search can rule out every command that is not a possible solution according to various parameters of speech, and can identify a spoken command with a sufficiently high probability, while keeping time constraints in mind.
Nonwovens in the Automobile Interior
Authors: Seile Arta , Beļakova Dana
Published: July 2015

Textile applications have a significant role in the automotive architecture. The structure of textiles, used fibres and textile producing technology depends on textile placement in the car. Sound absorption is a very important property of textiles because of the large number of noise sources in a car (engine and driving noise) and from the road. Nonwoven fabrics have the ability to reduce noise; other significant benefits of nonwovens are high productivity, low production costs, opportunity to blend natural fibres into them and possibility to use nonwovens as base component of composites.
Design of Temperature Signal Detection System in Electrolysis Cell of Nano-Carbon
Authors: Gao Hong
Published: July 2015

Nanotechnology is one of the key technologies in twenty-first Century, in order to study the influence of the electrolyte temperature in electrolysis cell on the agglomeration of the nano-carbon, according to the principle of electrolysis in the preparation process of nano powder, the temperature detection device of electrolysis cell had been designed. Taking the AT89S52 MCU as the main controller, using six 1-wire digital temperature thermometer DS18B20 to detect the temperature signal of different six locations in electrolysis cell, then to transmit out by the wireless transmission module nRF24L01 chip, and to achieve a multi-point temperature signal collection and wireless transmission. It can realize the multi point temperature signal acquisition and wireless transmission. The multi point temperature measuring device is simple, reliable and low cost. The research results can provide some references for the preparation of nano carbon on on-line temperature measurement in electrolysis cell.