bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B in Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bihar
Authors: Sundar Shyam , Singh Anup , Agrawal Neha , Chakravarty Jaya
Published: August 2019

Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) is recommended for treatment of Indian visceral leishmaniasis (VL), with a cure rate of more than 95% in the Indian subcontinent. A prospective observational study of 1,143 subjects was performed with a longer follow-up than prior studies (12 months) to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of LAmB for the treatment of VL. Patients received a single dose of 10 mg/kg LAmB and were evaluated for initial cure at day 30 and final cure at 6 and 12 months to see the response to the therapy. Furthermore, predictors of relapse were also calculated. At day 30, the initial cure rate was 100%; however, at 6 months and 12 months, cure rates were 97.0% and 94.2% by per-protocol analysis and 96.9% and 93.9% by intension-to-treat analysis, respectively. Fever was the most common adverse event (AE). There were no deaths and serious AEs. Male gender, weight less than 30 kg, and spleen size more than 4 cm at the start of the treatment were significant risk factors of relapse. Liposomal amphotericin B was found to be very effective and safe in the treatment of VL. A longer follow-up period of 12 months is recommended to pick up late relapses.
Diagnostic Performance of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test and Microscopy Compared with PCR for Detection of Plasmodium falciparum Infections among Primary Schoolchildren in Kibiti District, Eastern Tanzania: An Area with Moderate Malaria Transmission
Authors: Ngasala Billy , Mutemi Doreen D. , Mwaiswelo Richard O.
Published: August 2019

A substantial decline of malaria transmission intensity has been observed in sub-Saharan Africa over the past two decades and may affect the diagnostic performance of malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) and microscopy. Diagnostic performance of histidine-rich protein II (HRP-II)/pan-lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH)–based mRDT and microscopy was evaluated against polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection among 316 primary schoolchildren in Kibiti district, in 2016. Polymerase chain reaction detected more cases of P. falciparum infection than mRDT or microscopy. Using PCR as reference, the sensitivity and specificity of mRDT were 75.9% (95% CI = 62.8–86.1) and 96.9% (95% CI = 94.0–98.7), respectively, whereas that of microscopy were 63.8% (95% CI = 50.1–76.0) and 95.7% (95% CI = 92.5–97.9), respectively. Polymerase chain reaction and other molecular methods should be considered for use in schools and other epidemiological surveys as supplement to mRDT or microscopy.
Case Report: Morphologic and Genetic Identification of Cerebral Sparganosis
Authors: Meng Yanming , Kuang Ziwei , Liao Lin , Ma Ying , Wang Xiang
Published: August 2019

A 50-year-old Chinese woman with a history of weakness and paroxysmal seizures of the left limb presented to our hospital with a ten-day history of neck pain. Imaging showed that there was a mass in the frontal lobe of her brain. On resection of the mass, a motile worm was identified. Morphological observation and molecular analysis of the mitochondrial COX1 and 28S rRNA genes of the worm extracted from the brain identified the causative agent as Spirometra mansoni. Homology search of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products from the case was conducted against gene fragments from local wild frogs. High homology was found between them, showing her likely exposure was frog consumption.
Controlling the cowpea black aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) with botanical extracts
Authors: Gomes Victor Emmanuel de Vasconcelos , Dutra Jefferson Auteliano Carvalho , Almeida Mirla Maria Mesquita
Published: August 2019

Extratos botânicos de plantas brasileiras de caatinga têm um efeito inseticida potencial e acredita-se que extratos de Ziziphus joazeiro, Caesalpinia ferrea e Mimosa caesalpiniifolia exibam atividade inseticida contra Aphis craccivora (pulgão-preto). Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar diferentes extratos botânicos dessas plantas no controle de A. craccivora em plantas de feijão-caupi. O estudo foi realizado no Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal do Ceará, campus Pici, em Fortaleza, Ceará. Os tratamentos foram: água destilada; um inseticida botânico de eficiência comprovada, da Annona squamosa, na concentração de 0,5%; e extratos hidroalcoólicos, por dois tempos de armazenamento e concentrações de 5 e 2,5%, de diferentes partes das espécies vegetais. O delineamento de cada experimento foi em blocos casualizados, com vinte e seis tratamentos e cinco repetições. Para ambas as concentrações (5% e 2,5%), o tratamento que apresentou maior eficiência foi o extrato de Annona squamosa. Nas condições do experimento, os extratos botânicos possuem uma substância ativa que controla o pulgão.
Atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia frente a isolados multirresistentes produtores de ESBL e KPC causadores de infecções hospitalares
Authors: Gioppo Alessandra , Zancanaro Vilmair , Bellaver Emyr Hiago
Published: August 2019

A produção de β-lactamases por bactérias Gram-negativas é a principal forma de resistência aos antimicrobianos, com destaque para as β-lactamases de amplo espectro (ESBL) e de carbapenemases (KPC). Como forma de controle dos microrganismos multirresistentes, os metabólitos secundários vegetais são objeto de estudo para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos. O óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia (OTT) possui efeito antifúngico, anti-inflamatório e antimicrobiano, este último atribuído principalmente aos terpenos presentes na sua composição. Este trabalho objetivou determinar o potencial antimicrobiano de emulsões de OTT frente a isolados de Escherichia coli e Klebsiella pneumoniae multirresistentes produtores de ESBL e carbapenemases responsáveis por infecções hospitalares. A atividade antibacteriana das emulsões do óleo essencial foi determinada através da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), pelos métodos de macrodiluição em tubos, Spot-on-the-lawn, difusão por poços em ágar e disco-difusão. As concentrações que inibiram o crescimento bacteriano variaram entre 0,25% a 1,5% para as diferentes metodologias aplicadas. As emulsões do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia inibiram o crescimento das bactérias multirresistentes, conforme observado no método da macrodiluição em tubo e Spot-on-the-lawn. A cepa hospitalar de Escherichia coli produtora de ESBL mostrou-se a cepa mais sensível, o que permite descrever o potencial antibacteriano do óleo, que deverá ser avaliado em estudos futuros como agente de controle.
The influence of sand extraction on fish assemblages in campinarana streams in Cruzeiro do Sul – AC, Brazil
Authors: Silva Ana Luiza Costa , Virgilio Lucena Rocha
Published: August 2019

A destruição de habitats, promovida pela extração de areia de leitos de riachos, pode causar a perda de algumas espécies e a alteração na dinâmica das assembleias de peixes. Assim, o presente estudo investigou o efeito da extração de areia sobre as assembleias de peixes em riachos de Campinarana, localizados na região de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, entre junho a agosto de 2017 e 2018. Seis riachos foram avaliados, sendo três degradados (pela extração de areia) e três florestados. Riqueza, diversidade de Shannon, equitabilidade e abundância de espécies foram avaliadas. Para verificar diferenças entre esses parâmetros, foi realizado o teste t de Student. NMDS e PERMANOVA foram sumarizadas para avaliar a composição de espécies de peixes. Foram coletadas 60 espécies de peixes com 705 indivíduos. Houve uma diferença significativa entre as áreas com relação à riqueza (t = 11,1; p = 0,0001), à abundância (t = 4,5; p = 0,006) e à diversidade (t = 4,1; p = 0,01). A composição de espécies também variou (Pseudo-F = 3,79; p = 0,01), onde 35% das espécies foram restritas aos ambientes preservados. Assim, sugere-se que a perturbação antrópica nas campinaranas, causou perda das espécies mais sensíveis e especializadas, permitindo o aumento dos indivíduos oportunistas, alterando a organização das assembleias e reduzindo a diversidade local.
Aortic intima-media thickness can be used to determine target organ damage in adult patients with coronary artery disease risk factors
Authors: Bulut Atilla , Acele Armağan , Donmez Yurdaer , Pekoz Burcak Cakır , Erdogan Murat , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem , Icen Yahya Kemal , Koc Mevlut
Published: August 2019

Introduction

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (AA-IMT) and thoracic aortic intima-media thickness (TA-IMT) values and to investigate their relationship with common carotid intima-media thickness (CC-IMT) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors.

Material and methods

This study included 100 patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examination for different reasons with at least one CAD risk factor. CC-IMT, AA-IMT, and TA-IMT values were measured. Patients with CC-IMT > 0.9 mm were considered as having increased CC-IMT. Patients were divided into two groups with and without increased CC-IMT.

Results

Mean AA-IMT and TA-IMT values of all patients were 1.55 ±0.27 mm and 1.39 ±0.25 mm, respectively. In patients with increased CC-IMT, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia and hypertension frequency, creatinine, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and uric acid levels, AA-IMT and TA-IMT values were higher, while the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level was lower than the normal CC-IMT group. AA-IMT, systolic blood pressure (SBP), total and HDL cholesterol levels independently determined the patients with CC-IMT > 0.9 mm. Each 0.1 mm increase in AA-IMT value was found to increase the probability of having CC-IMT > 0.9 mm. In addition, linear regression analysis showed that CC-IMT was closely and independently related to AA-IMT (p < 0.001 and  = 0.599). When the cut-off value for AA-IMT was taken as 1.5 mm, it determined the patients with CC-IMT > 0.9 mm with 86% sensitivity and 82% specificity.

Conclusions

The AA-IMT value was found to be higher than TA-IMT in the same patient. Also it was found that AA-IMT was more closely related to CC-IMT.
Waist circumference cutoff points for predicting metabolic abnormalities in Lebanese adults
Authors: Yamout Rouham , Ammar Walid , Tabbara Jiana , Fares Souha , Assi Moubadda , Sibai Abla M.
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Central obesity, as measured by waist circumference, performs differently across diverse localities, and there is a need to optimize gender-based cutoff points to specific ethnic and population groups.

Material and methods

A total of 1,528 asymptomatic individuals free from cardiac disease aged 40 years and above and attending 25 primary health care centers distributed over the entire Lebanese territory were recruited for a cardiovascular risk screening service implemented by the Ministry of Public Health in 2012. Using receiver operating characteristics curve analyses, we evaluated different waist circumference cutoff points for the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity that distinguish men and women with concomitant presence of impaired blood sugar and hypertension.

Results

The optimal waist circumference cutoffs for prediction of the outcome were 98.5 cm in men and 91.5 cm in women, yielding better predictive characteristics than those recommended by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Based on the study values, the prevalence rates of central obesity in our sample (36.2% in males and 40.2% in females) were lower than those estimated using the IDF cutoff values (55.2% and 79.7%, respectively).

Conclusions

Findings from this first examination of optimal central obesity cutoff points in Lebanon confirm the need for nation-wide studies with more inclusive cardio-metabolic outcomes for the development of appropriate screening protocols.
Anabolic androgenic steroid users: a tilt test study with young adult men
Authors: Camara Puppin Carlos Gustavo , Andrade Moraes Flávia de Souza , Rocha Gomes Leonardo Raposo , do Nascimento Andrews Marques , de Lima Ewelyne Miranda , Brasil Girlandia Alexandre , Bissoli Nazaré Souza , Lenz Dominik , Endringer Denise Coutinho , de Andrade Tadeu Uggere
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) can induce cardiac dysautonomia, which is related to arrhythmias, vasovagal syncope (VVS) and sudden death. The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of AASs increases the susceptibility for VVS or autonomic dysfunction in AAS users by the head-up tilt test (HUTT).

Material and methods

Cross-sectional observational study conducted with physically active young men, users (AAS group; n = 10) and non-users (Control group, n = 13) of AAS. The history of physical activity and age of each participant were recorded and the following examinations were performed: physical, biochemical, hormonal, electrocardiogram (ECG), 24-hour Holter recorder equipment. The 24-hour Holter and HUTT were conducted to detect the presence of arrhythmias/heart rate variability, and VVS/dysautonomia, respectively. Of the 28 participants recruited, 5 were excluded for not having completed the examinations.

Results

Compared with non-users, users of AAS showed an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (Control: 29.7 ±1.8; AAS: 49.9 ±9.0 UI/l; p < 0.05), in ventricular extrasystoles (Control: 2.5 ±2.3; AAS: 14.9 ±11.2, p < 0.05), and reduction in the pNN50 index of Holter (Control: 24.3 ±4.0%; AAS: 14.8 ±4.0%, p < 0.05). The HUTT showed that the maximum value of diastolic blood pressure was increased in the AAS user group (Control: 78.3 ±2.1; AAS: 90.0 ±5.4 mm Hg, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The study showed that the use of AAS is able to promote an autonomic dysfunction, with a ventricular arrhythmia. In addition it was found that among AAS users there was a positive result for the HUTT.
Right atrial fat emboli detection and changes in D-dimer values in reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a comparison with total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Ueda Shusuke , Ichiseki Toru , Soma Daisuke , Kawahara Norio
Published: August 2019

Introduction

The underlying pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in upper limb surgery has been scarcely reported. This prompted us to investigate, using transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) intraoperatively, the impact on haemodynamics in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) as compared with total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Material and methods

The subjects comprised five shoulders undergoing RSA (RSA group) in our department. In all cases TEE was performed intraoperatively, with the haemodynamic state of the right atrium and superior vena cava monitored throughout the intraoperative period. As investigated items, blood D-dimer values were measured and compared intraoperatively, on postoperative day 1, day 4, week 1, and week 2. As a control group, five cases undergoing THA under the same conditions were compared with the RSA group.

Results

Intraoperatively, in both RSA and THA groups, echogenic emboli were identified in the right atrium on TEE during bone reaming and artificial joint insertion. No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to intraoperative or postoperative D-dimer changes. Also, in neither group was deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) detected either by lower limb venous ultrasonography or lung ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy.

Conclusions

Fat emboli occur as frequently in upper limb surgery as in lower limb surgery, and the possibility of fat embolism syndrome as a postoperative complication needs to be kept in mind. Measurement of D-dimer values is useful in the early detection of DVT in upper limb surgery.
Efficacy of 8- versus 12-week treatment with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in chronic hepatitis C patients eligible for 8 week regimen in a real-world setting
Authors: Zarębska-Michaluk Dorota , Piekarska Anna , Jaroszewicz Jerzy , Klapaczyński Jakub , Sitko Marek , Tudrujek-Zdunek Magdalena , Tomasiewicz Krzysztof , Belica-Wdowik Teresa , Pabjan Paweł , Lorenc Beata , Czauż-Andrzejuk Agnieszka , Tronina Olga , Krygier Rafał , Dobracki Witold , Buczyńska Iwona , Simon Krzysztof A. , Dybowska Dorota , Halota Waldemar , Pawłowska Małgorzata , Citko Jolanta , Laurans Łukasz , Mazur Włodzimierz , Janczewska Ewa , Socha Łukasz , Deroń Zbigniew , Berak Hanna , Flisiak Robert
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Non-cirrhotic treatment-naive hepatitis C patients infected with genotype 1 can be treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) for 8 weeks, but in practice this regimen is frequently extended up to 12 weeks at least in part due to insufficient real-world data supporting shortening of treatment. The aim of our study was to compare 8- and 12-week regimens’ efficacy in patients eligible for 8-week therapy in a real-world setting.

Material and methods

Data of HCV genotype 1 infected patients treated with LDV/SOF between 2015 and 2018 included in the EpiTer-2 database were analyzed with respect to patients’ characteristics and length of treatment.

Results

Among a total of 1718 patients treated with LDV/SOF, 679 were included in the analysis, 238 (35%) received 8-week regimen, whereas 441 were treated for 12 weeks although they fulfilled the criteria for a shorter course. The majority of patients were infected with genotype 1b (89%) and demonstrated minimal fibrosis (55%). The 12-week regimen was assigned significantly more frequently to patients with comorbidities, concomitant medications and advanced liver fibrosis. The sustained virologic response rate was similar after 8 (98%) and 12 (97%) weeks of therapy according to intent-to-treat analysis and reached 99% in both groups after exclusion of patients lost to follow-up.

Conclusions

We confirmed high effectiveness regardless of treatment duration with LDV/SOF in non-cirrhotics infected with HCV genotype 1 eligible for the 8-week regimen according to the current label. This real-world study also demonstrated no need for addition of ribavirin (RBV) in this population and showed that shortening of treatment significantly improves the safety profile of LDV/SOF medication.
Identification of PDGFRα + cells in uterine fibroids – link between angiogenesis and uterine telocytes
Authors: Aleksandrovych Veronika , Bereza Tomasz , Ulatowska-Białas Magdalena , Pasternak Artur , A. Walocha Jerzy , Pityński Kazimierz , Gil Krzysztof
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Telocytes (TCs), also called interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICLC), CD34+ cells or PDGFRa+ cells (platelet-derived growth factor receptor α positive cells), a new type of cell of mesenchymal origin, were described over one decade ago. The unique nature of these cells still deserves attention from the scientific community. Telocytes make homo- and heterocellular contact with myocytes, immunocytes and nerves, have their own immunohistochemical and secretome profiles and thus might regulate local regenerative processes including angiogenesis and fibrosis. The aim of our study was to observe the missing link between angiogenesis and telocytes in leiomyoma, the most common benign tumors affecting women of reproductive age.

Material and methods

We observed uterine tissue samples from leiomyoma, adjacent myometrium and unchanged tissue from patients with leiomyoma and control subjects using routine histology, histochemistry, immunofluorescence (CD117, CD31, CD34, PDGFRα, tryptase, sFlt-1) and image analysis methods.

Results

The decline of the telocyte density in the foci of fibroids correlated with poor vascularization inside the leiomyoma. Moreover, the expression of sFlt-1 (anti-angiogenic-related factor) significantly increased inside a fibroid. In leiomyoma the decrease of telocyte and blood micro-vessel density was accompanied by prevalence of collagen deposits, unlike the unchanged myometrium.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate TCs in human uterine fibroids and highlight their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of myometrial pathology in the context of angiogenesis.
National and regional trends in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome since 1990 within Europe: the modeled estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Authors: Miazgowski Tomasz , Martopullo Ira , Widecka Justyna , Miazgowski Bartosz , Brodowska Agnieszka
Published: August 2019

Introduction

The exact prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is difficult to assess due to the clinical heterogeneity of this condition, the lack of a universal definition as well as the lack of studies comparing differences within and between ethnic groups across geographical regions.

Material and methods

Using a modeling approach, we analyzed the data from Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 and extracted the national and regional estimates on PCOS prevalence since 1990 in females aged 15–49 years by country and three major European regions: Western, Central, and Eastern.

Results

The average prevalence of PCOS in Europe was 276.4 cases per 100,000 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 207.8–363.2). The estimates varied markedly across countries and regions, with the highest rates per 100,000 in the Czech Republic (460.6) and the lowest in Sweden (34.10); other Nordic countries, Germany, and the UK had relatively low rates as well. The rates in Central and Eastern Europe were more than three times higher than those in Western countries. They were comparable among Eastern countries, ranging from 406.4 in Lithuania to 443.1 in Russia. Within Central Europe, PCOS prevalence was lowest in Turkey and Albania, while in the majority of the remaining countries, the prevalence ranged between 420 and 440 per 100,000. Between 1990 and 2016, the rates across European regions were relatively stable.

Conclusions

We found highly variable national and regional prevalence of PCOS among European females. Our estimates encourage the search at the population level for new environmental and genetic determinants of PCOS.
Estimation of indices related to physical activity in Ukraine, Poland, and member countries of active healthy kids global alliance
Authors: Bartoszewicz Ryszard , Mandyuk Andriy Bogdanovich , Prystupa Yevhen Nikodimovich
Published: August 2019

Purpose

To compare the estimated indices of physical activity in Ukraine, Poland, and other countries in accordance with Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance (AHKGA) standards.

Methods

The study of schoolchildren’s physical activity in Ukraine was performed in 2016 in age groups of 12–14 years (n = 1893, 899 boys and 994 girls) and 15–17 years (n = 925, 449 boys and 476 girls). The results of AHKGA databases and Report Cards on Physical Activity for Children and Youth from different countries were analysed.

Results

In 2016, 38 countries from 6 continents provided reports to AHKGA. In 2018, there were 49 such countries. In accordance with the AHKGA criteria, children and adolescents’ physical activity is marked from A (highest level) to F (lowest level). The results for Ukrainian schoolchildren pointed at the following indices of physical activity level: active play – C; organized sport and physical activity – D; active transportation – B. Poland’s Report Card for Physical Activity for Children and Youth implied the following indices: organized sport and physical activity – D; active transportation – C. There were no data on active play indices in Poland. Clear patterns of the countries’ economic development indices influence on the selected physical activity indices were not established.

Conclusions

According to AHKGA standards, organized sport and physical activity in Ukraine is rated D, active play – C, and active transportation – B. Organized sport and physical activity and active transportation in Poland are rated D and C, respectively. No data are available on the active play segment in Poland.
Help or hindrance: the relationship of physical activity with aggressiveness and self-esteem in 16-year-old adolescents
Authors: Jochimek Magdalena , Łada Ariadna Beata
Published: August 2019

Background

Puberty is a particularly important period for moulding one’s lifestyle. Physical activity (PA) levels exhibited by teenagers remain low despite efforts to promote it, and the percentage of individuals who are exempt from taking part in physical education classes is high. In this context, the aim of the current study is to analyse the levels of aggression and self-esteem in adolescents characterised by different levels of physical activity.

Participants and procedure

A total of 968 16-year-old adolescents took part in the study. Participants were divided into four subgroups: 1) a non-active group, n = 141 (95 girls); 2) a physical education (PE) group, n = 514 (322 girls); 3) a high PA group, n = 178 (81 girls); and 4) an athlete group, n = 135 (66 girls). Participants were asked to complete a so-cio-demographic survey and a set of questionnaires (IPAO, KAM-RE, and SES).

Results

The non-active group scored higher than the PE and high PA groups on the general aggressiveness scale. Sta-tistically significant differences were found between the non-active group and other groups for direct and indi-rect aggression, opposition, and verbal aggression. The athlete group scored higher on the indirect aggression scale than the PE group. The high PA group scored higher than the non-active group in self-esteem.

Conclusions

Undertaking compulsory physical activity in school and additional physical activity based on one’s own interests is associated with lower levels of aggression in comparison to individuals who do not undertake any physical activity. For this reason, it is necessary to continue consistently promoting physical activity in school and during free time.
Adult colouring: the effect of app-based
vs. pen-and-paper colouring on mindfulness
and anxiety
Authors: Mantzios Michail , Hussain Hafsah , Hussain Amirah , Egan Helen , Scanlon Paraic
Published: August 2019

Background

The rise in popularity of “mindfulness colouring books” has led to the development of colouring applications as an alternative to the traditional pen-and-paper versions. There have been no investigations exploring these applications in regards to mindfulness.

Participants and procedure

In two randomised experiments, this study examined whether there were any differences in state mindfulness and anxiety between (a) paper-and-pen and a colouring application (i.e., Experiment 1; n = 100), and (b) two different methods of colouring within an application (i.e., tapping or swiping; i.e., Experiment 1; n = 100).

Results

Experiments 1 and 2 showed a significant decrease in anxiety symptoms following a single colouring session, irrespective of different conditions. Also, Experiment 1, but not Experiment 2, revealed that colouring through the application significantly aided the increase in mindfulness.

Conclusions

App-based colouring may be a contemporary time- and cost-effective intervention in reducing anxiety. However, the non-significant increase in mindfulness appears challenging when attempting to justify the results. The effectiveness of colouring apart from mindfulness is seen through potential constructs such as flow, and display a limitation that requires further reflections on guidance to enhance mindfulness through colouring. Future directions are discussed.
Patient satisfaction as an element of healthcare quality – a single-center Polish survey
Authors: Pękacz Adrian , Kądalska Ewa , Skoczylas Agnieszka , Targowski Tomasz
Published: August 2019

Objectives

The aims of the study were to define the level of patient satisfaction with services provided by selected departments of the Institute, and to identify changes that should be introduced to the process of quality management in healthcare services.

Material and methods

A total of 455 patients from three departments of the National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation in Warsaw, hospitalized between January 2016 and March 2018 were assessed retrospectively. Statistical analyses were conducted with the use of IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software.

Results

Patients at the Institute gave the highest rates to the courtesy and kindness of doctors and nurses (mean 4.77 and 4.73, respectively), the doctor’s interest in a patient’s well-being, and the nurses’ dexterity in performing medical procedures (4.63 and 4.72, respectively) The lowest-rated were the quality of meals (mean 3.77) and the waiting time for hospital admission on an appointed day (mean 4.07). The study demonstrated statistically significant differences in evaluations made by female and male patients: women had worse opinions about maintenance of intimacy during medical procedures, whereas men gave lower ratings to the size of served meals. The level of satisfaction in all analyzed aspects increased with older age. However, a higher level of patient education correlated negatively with satisfaction from the waiting time for hospital admission on an appointed day, the ability to receive information about the disease and treatment process, cleanliness and accessibility of bathrooms and toilets, or the ability to easily move around the Institute.

Conclusions

Accessibility of medical services, as well as attitudes and competences of the medical staff, are all key factors in ensuring quality care. The conditions of a hospital stay also shape the patients’ opinions in a significant way. Therefore, taking into account the patients’ opinions should become an important goal in the process of improving healthcare quality.
Interactions between microbiota, diet/nutrients and immune/inflammatory response in rheumatic diseases: focus on rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Paolino Sabrina , Pacini Greta , Patanè Massimo , Alessandri Elisa , Cattelan Francesco , Goegan Federica , Pizzorni Carmen , Gotelli Emanuele , Cutolo Maurizio
Published: August 2019

Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) are chronic systemic immune/inflammatory conditions characterized by the interaction between gene predisposition, autoimmunity and environmental factors. A growing scientific interest has focused on the role of diet in RMDs, suggesting its significant contribution to the pathogenesis and prognosis of these diseases. It is now clear that diet can directly modulate the immune response by providing a wide range of nutrients, which interfere with multiple pathways at both the gastro-intestinal and systemic level. Moreover, diet critically shapes the human gut microbiota, which is recognized to have a central role in the modulation of the immune response and in RMD pathogenesis. We hereby provide an in-depth analysis on the role of the microbiota in RMDs and on nutritional intervention as an integral part of a multidisciplinary approach. Particular attention will be given to the Mediterranean diet, as the only diet proven to support substantial benefits in RMD management.
Enrichment of submicron sea-salt-containing particles in small cloud droplets based on single-particle mass spectrometry
Authors: Lin Qinhao , Yang Yuxiang , Fu Yuzhen , Zhang Guohua , Jiang Feng , Peng Long , Lian Xiufeng , Liu Fengxian , Bi Xinhui , Li Lei , Chen Duohong , Li Mei , Ou Jie , Tang Mingjin , Wang Xinming , Peng Ping'an , Sheng Guoying
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The effects of the chemical composition and size of sea-salt-containing particles on their cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity
are incompletely understood. We used a ground-based counterflow virtual
impactor (GCVI) coupled with a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer
(SPAMS) to characterize chemical composition of submicron (dry diameter of
0.2–1.0 µm) and supermicron (1.0–2.0 µm) sea-salt-containing cloud
residues (dried cloud droplets) at Mount Nanling, southern China. Seven cut
sizes (7.5–14 µm) of cloud droplets were set in the GCVI system. The
highest number fraction of sea-salt-containing particles was observed at the
cut size of 7.5 µm (26 %, by number), followed by 14 µm
(17 %) and the other cut sizes (3 %–5 %). The submicron sea-salt-containing cloud residues contributed approximately 20 % (by number)
at the cut size of 7.5 µm, which was significantly higher than the
percentages at the cut sizes of 8–14 µm (below 2 %). This difference
was likely involved in the change in the chemical composition. At the
cut size of 7.5 µm, nitrate was internally mixed with over 90 % of
the submicron sea-salt-containing cloud residues, which was higher than
sulfate (20 %), ammonium (below 1 %), amines (6 %), hydrocarbon
organic species (2 %), and organic acids (4 %). However, at the cut
sizes of 8–14 µm, nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, amines, hydrocarbon
organic species, and organic acids were internally mixed with > 90 %, > 80 %, 39 %–84 %, 71 %–86 %, 52 %–90 %, and 32 %–77 %
of the submicron sea-salt-containing cloud residues. The proportion of sea-salt-containing particles in the supermicron cloud residues generally
increased as a function of cut size, and their CCN activity was less
influenced by chemical composition. This study provided a significant
contribution towards a comprehensive understanding of sea-salt CCN activity.
Impact of small-scale disturbances on geochemical conditions, biogeochemical processes and element fluxes in surface sediments of the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean
Authors: Volz Jessica B. , Haffert Laura , Haeckel Matthias , Koschinsky Andrea , Kasten Sabine
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The thriving interest in harvesting deep-sea mineral resources, such as polymetallic nodules, calls for environmental impact studies, and ultimately, for regulations for environmental protection. Industrial-scale deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules most likely has severe consequences for the natural environment. However, the effects of mining activities on deep-sea ecosystems, sediment geochemistry and element fluxes are still poorly conceived. Predicting the environmental impact is challenging due to the scarcity of environmental baseline studies as well as the lack of mining trials with industrial mining equipment in the deep sea. Thus, currently we have to rely on small-scale disturbances simulating deep-sea mining activities as a first-order approximation to study the expected impacts on the abyssal environment. Here, we investigate surface sediments in disturbance tracks of seven small-scale benthic impact experiments, which have been performed in four European contract areas for the exploration of polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ). These small-scale disturbance experiments were performed 1 day to 37 years prior to our sampling program in the German, Polish, Belgian and French contract areas using different disturbance devices. We show that the depth distribution of solid-phase Mn in the upper 20 cm of the sediments in the CCZ provides a reliable tool for the determination of the disturbance depth, which has been proposed in a previous study (Paul et al., 2018). We found that the upper 5–15 cm of the sediments were removed during various small-scale disturbance experiments in the different exploration contract areas. Transient transport-reaction modelling for the Polish and German contract areas reveals that the removal of the surface sediments is associated with the loss of reactive labile organic carbon. As a result, oxygen consumption rates decrease significantly after the removal of the surface sediments, and consequently, oxygen penetrates up to tenfold deeper into the sediments inhibiting denitrification and Mn(IV) reduction. Our model results show that the post-disturbance geochemical re-equilibration is controlled by diffusion until the reactive labile TOC fraction in the surface sediments is partly re-established and the biogeochemical processes commence. While the re-establishment of bioturbation is essential, the geochemical re-equilibration of the sediments is ultimately controlled by the burial rates of organic matter. Hence, under current depositional conditions, the new geochemical equilibrium in the sediments of the CCZ is reached only on a millennia scale even for these small-scale disturbances simulating deep-sea mining activities.
Alluvial record of an early Eocene hyperthermal, Castissent Formation, Pyrenees, Spain
Authors: Honegger Louis , Adatte Thierry , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Rugenstein Jeremy K. Caves , Poyatos-Moré Miquel , Puigdefàbregas Cai , Chanvry Emmanuelle , Clark Julian , Fildani Andrea , Verrechia Eric , Kouzmanov Kalin , Harlaux Matthieu , Castelltort Sébastien
Published: August 2019

Abstract. During the late Palaeocene to the middle Eocene (57.5 to 46.5 Ma) a total of 39 hyperthermals – periods of rapid global warming recorded by prominent negative carbon isotope excursions (NCIEs) as well as peaks in iron content – have been recognized in marine cores. Understanding how the Earth system responded to rapid warming during these hyperthermals is fundamental because they represent potential analogues, in the geological record, to the ongoing anthropogenic modification of global climate. However, while hyperthermals have been well documented in the marine sedimentary record, only few have been recognized and described in continental deposits, thereby limiting our ability to understand the effect and record of global warming on terrestrial surficial systems. Hyperthermals in the continental record could be a powerful correlation tool to help connect marine and continental records, addressing issues of environmental signal propagation from land to sea. In this study, we generate new stable carbon isotope data (δ13C values) across the well-exposed and time-constrained fluvial sedimentary succession of the early Eocene Castissent Formation in the South-Central Pyrenees (Spain). The δ13C values of pedogenic carbonate reveal – similarly to the global records – stepped NCIEs, culminating in a minimum δ13C value that we correlate with the hyperthermal event U at ca. 50 Ma. This general trend towards more negative values is most probably linked to higher primary productivity leading to an overall higher respiration of soil organic matter during these climatic events. The relative enrichment in immobile elements (Zr, Ti, Al) and higher estimates of mean annual precipitation together with the occurrence of small iron-oxides/hydroxides nodules during the NCIEs suggest intensification of chemical weathering and/or longer exposure of soils in a highly seasonal climate. The results show that even relatively small-scale hyperthermals compared with their prominent counterparts, such as PETM, ETM2 and 3, have left a recognizable trace in the stratigraphic record, providing insights into the dynamics of the carbon cycle in continental environments during these events.
Creating Motivational Language Learning Experiences during the “Critical Period”
Authors: Jia Junqing
Published: August 2019

Few studies have touched upon language learning motivation of advanced-level learners of Chinese, even fewer have proposed a pedagogical framework to understand and create motivational pathways. This paper aims to fill the gap by addressing a critical period of foreign language training where students are transforming from learning the foreign language to learning domain knowledge in the foreign language. Having drawn upon Confucian concepts and contextualized curricular examples, this paper proposes a framework suggesting that learners at this stage experience a less discussed psychological complexity due to their high level of language proficiency and lack of multilingual domain capacities. They are also gradually transforming into autonomous language users who expand their social milieu through demonstrating domain expertise. As such, the pedagogical implications place an emphasis on helping advanced-level Chinese learners to establish domain-specific vision and linguistic capability so that they can perform in multicultural contexts. In particular, motivational pathways during this stage should be constructed to encourage learners to constantly reflect on their recent past self and establish visions of the future one.
Extracting Patient-Centered Outcomes from Clinical Notes in Electronic Health
Records: Assessment of Urinary Incontinence After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Gori Davide , Banerjee Imon , Chung Benjamin I. , Ferrari Michelle , Rucci Paola , Blayney Douglas W. , Brooks James D. , Hernandez-Boussard Tina
Published: August 2019

Objective: To assess documentation of urinary incontinence (UI) in prostatectomy
patients using unstructured clinical notes from Electronic Health Records
(EHRs).Methods: We developed a weakly-supervised natural language processing tool to
extract assessments, as recorded in unstructured text notes, of UI before and after
radical prostatectomy in a single academic practice across multiple clinicians.
Validation was carried out using a subset of patients who completed EPIC-26 surveys
before and after surgery. The prevalence of UI as assessed by EHR and EPIC-26 was
compared using repeated-measures ANOVA. The agreement of reported UI between EHR and
EPIC-26 was evaluated using Cohen’s Kappa coefficient.Results: A total of 4870 patients
and 716 surveys were included. Preoperative prevalence of UI was 12.7 percent.
Postoperative prevalence was 71.8 percent at 3 months, 50.2 percent at 6 months and 34.4
and 41.8 at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Similar rates were recorded by physicians in
the EHR, particularly for early follow-up. For all time points, the agreement between
EPIC-26 and the EHR was moderate (all p < 0.001) and ranged from 86.7 percent
agreement at baseline (Kappa = 0.48) to 76.4 percent agreement at 24 months
postoperative (Kappa = 0.047).Conclusions: We have developed a tool to assess
documentation of UI after prostatectomy using EHR clinical notes. Our results suggest
such a tool can facilitate unbiased measurement of important PCOs using real-word data,
which are routinely recorded in EHR unstructured clinician notes. Integrating PCO
information into clinical decision support can help guide shared treatment decisions and
promote patient-valued care.
Auditoria energética del estado actual de las luminarias que componen el alumbrado público en el área urbana del sector Oeste de la ciudad de Managua. Periodo de diciembre 2016 a enero 2017.
Authors: García Montano Humberto , Silva Soza Rosalba
Published: August 2019

La auditoría energética es un servicio de asesoramiento que tiene por objeto el análisis de la situación energética de las instalaciones de alumbrado público, con el fin de evaluar y determinar su eficiencia. Con la auditoría realizada se pretende obtener una visión preliminar del estado energético del alumbrado público en la parte occidental de la capital Managua, Nicaragua; y de este modo realizar propuestas de mejora que impliquen un importante ahorro energético y económico. Como resultado de la auditoría se han obtenido una mala disposición de las luminarias, falta de supervisión y mantenimiento, y no se cuenta con una ley específica en el país. Este trabajo servirá para guiar a los gestores de estas instalaciones en la toma de decisiones a la hora de acometer futuras reformas. Y que estas inversiones que potencialmente se realicen en este tipo de instalaciones cuenten con la calidad del servicio, la optimización energética, el ahorro económico, y correctas políticas de control.
Soil profile characterisation of Christchurch Central Business District strong motion stations
Authors: Wotherspoon Liam M. , Orense Rolando P. , Bradley Brendon A. , Cox Brady R. , Wood Clinton M. , Green Russell A.
Published: August 2019

This paper presents an overview of the soil profile characteristics at strong motion station (SMS) locations in the Christchurch Central Business District (CBD) based on recently completed geotechnical site investigations. Given the variability of Christchurch soils, detailed investigations were needed in close vicinity to each SMS. In this regard, CPT, SPT and borehole data, and shear wave velocity (Vs) profiles from surface wave dispersion data in close vicinity to the SMSs have been used to develop detailed representative soil profiles at each site and to determine site classes according to the New Zealand standard NZS1170.5. A disparity between the NZS1170.5 site classes based on Vs and SPT N60 investigation techniques is highlighted, and additional studies are needed to harmonize site classification based on these techniques. The short period mode of vibration of soft deposits above gravels, which are found throughout Christchurch, are compared to the long period mode of vibration of the entire soil profile to bedrock. These two distinct modes of vibration require further investigation to determine their impact on the site response. According to current American and European approaches to seismic site classification, all SMSs were classified as problematic soil sites due to the presence of liquefiable strata, soils which are not directly accounted for by the NZS1170.5 approach.
An Investigation of Factors Affecting E-Marketing Customers’ Behavioral Intention to Use the Telecommunication Industry in Jordan
Authors: Zoubi Mohammad Issa Al , Zoubi Ahmad Issa Al
Published: August 2019

The main concern of any organization is the client. Telecommunication is an operation-based organization that prioritizes to discover methods for fulfilling the client’s needs. Detecting this significance, this research was carried out to investigate the variables that could impact the client’s behavior toward e-marketing businesses in Jordan. The researchers collected the data using the questionnaire survey method. The research result revealed that relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, electronic marketing, quality of a website, quality of mobile service and strategies were found to be significantly associated with e-marketing customers’ behavioral intention to use the telecommunication industry. Additionally, Telecom owners and operators have to improve services quality as much as they could in light of the fact that it is the most significant factor of client’ choices in the telecom industry in Jordan. Finally, this research can be extended to other Arab countries to enable them to comprehend the various factors that impact customers’ behavior.
De eeuwige discussie over de toetsingsomvang bij beklag tegen niet-vervolging
Authors: Geelhoed W.
Published: August 2019

De eeuwige discussie over de toetsingsomvang bij beklag tegen niet-vervolging

Het project Modernisering Strafvordering beoogt de vervolgingsbeslissing op meerdere punten te wijzigen. Dat geldt echter niet voor de manier waarop het hof in beklagzaken de beslissing tot niet-vervolging moet toetsen. De toetsingsomvang blijft waarschijnlijk het beste als ‘vol’ te karakteriseren, hoewel andere interpretaties niet zijn uitgesloten. Deze bijdrage werpt een blik op eerdere discussies over de toetsingsomvang in beklagzaken. Verder wordt, aan de hand van een beschouwing van de procedure van administratief beroep, het argument verworpen dat in beklagzaken een marginale toetsing zou moeten worden gehanteerd vanwege het feit dat de beklagprocedure gelijkenis vertoont met bestuursrechtelijke procedures.
The original arrangement of the Upper Courtyard of the Temple of Hatshepsut in the light of recent archaeological results
Authors: Robledo Sergio Alarcón
Published: August 2019

The Temple of Hatshepsut was in use, and frequently modified, between the 16th century BC and the 12th century AD. From the beginning of the archaeological work at the site in the 19th century, one of the primary research goals has been to understand the modifications made to the building since its initial construction. The present paper provides an overview of the different arguments and ideas proposed for the original configuration of the Upper Courtyard, confronted with evidence from recent excavations between 2014 and 2016 in different parts of the court. In 2000, architect Andrzej Kwaśnica argued for an unprecedented arrangement of the architectural elements of the Upper Courtyard. However, recent archaeological discoveries suggest that the issue should be revisited. The examination of the foundations of the Ptolemaic Portico columns has shown that the six bases may have been in situ since the reign of Hatshepsut.