bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opening decision spaces: A case study on the opportunities and constraints in the public health sector of Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Authors: Witter Sophie , van der Merwe Maria , Twine Rhian , Mabetha Denny , Hove Jennifer , Tollman Stephen M. , D’Ambruoso Lucia
Published: July 2024

Background

Decentralised and evidence-informed health systems rely on managers and practitioners at all levels having sufficient ‘decision space’ to make timely locally informed and relevant decisions. Our objectives were to understand decision spaces in terms of constraints and enablers and outline opportunities through which to expand them in an understudied rural context in South Africa.

Methods

This study examined decision spaces within Mpumalanga Province, using data and insights generated through a participatory action research process with local communities and health system stakeholders since 2015, which was combined with published documents and research team participant observation to produce findings on three core domains at three levels of the health system.

Results

Although capacity for decision making exists in the system, accessing it is frequently made difficult due to a number of intervening factors. While lines of authority are generally well-defined, personal networks take on an important dimension in how stakeholders can act. This is expressed through a range of informal coping strategies built on local relationships. There are constraints in terms of limited formal external accountability to communities, and internal accountability which is weak in places for individuals and focused more on meeting performance targets set at higher levels and less on enabling effective local leadership. More generally, political and personal factors are clearly identified at higher levels of the system, whereas at sub-district and facility levels, the dominant theme was constrained capacity.

Conclusions

By examining the balance of authority, accountability and capacity across multiple levels of the provincial health system, we are able to identify emergent decision space and areas for enlargement. Creating spaces to support more constructive relationships and dialogue across system levels emerges as important, as well as reinforcing horizontal networks to problem solve, and developing the capacity of link-agents such as community health workers to increase community accountability.
Using multi-label ensemble CNN classifiers to mitigate labelling inconsistencies in patch-level Gleason grading
Authors: Butt Muhammad Asim , Kaleem Muhammad Farhat , Bilal Muhammad , Hanif Muhammad Shehzad
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the accuracy of patch-level Gleason grading in prostate histopathology images, a critical task in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. This study shows that the Gleason grading accuracy can be improved by addressing the prevalent issue of label inconsistencies in the SICAPv2 prostate dataset, which employs a majority voting scheme for patch-level labels. We propose a multi-label ensemble deep-learning classifier that effectively mitigates these inconsistencies and yields more accurate results than the state-of-the-art works. Specifically, our approach leverages the strengths of three different one-vs-all deep learning models in an ensemble to learn diverse features from the histopathology images to individually indicate the presence of one or more Gleason grades (G3, G4, and G5) in each patch. These deep learning models have been trained using transfer learning to fine-tune a variant of the ResNet18 CNN classifier chosen after an extensive ablation study. Experimental results demonstrate that our multi-label ensemble classifier significantly outperforms traditional single-label classifiers reported in the literature by at least 14% and 4% on accuracy and f1-score metrics respectively. These results underscore the potential of our proposed machine learning approach to improve the accuracy and consistency of prostate cancer grading.
Identification of Southeast Asian Anopheles mosquito species using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Chaumeau Victor , Piarroux Martine , Kulabkeeree Thithiworada , Sawasdichai Sunisa , Inta Aritsara , Watthanaworawit Wanitda , Nosten François , Piarroux Renaud , Nabet Cécile
Published: July 2024

Malaria elimination in Southeast Asia remains a challenge, underscoring the importance of accurately identifying malaria mosquitoes to understand transmission dynamics and improve vector control. Traditional methods such as morphological identification require extensive training and cannot distinguish between sibling species, while molecular approaches are costly for extensive screening. Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a rapid and cost-effective tool for Anopheles species identification, yet its current use is limited to few specialized laboratories. This study aimed to develop and validate an online reference database for MALDI-TOF MS identification of Southeast Asian Anopheles species. The database, constructed using the in-house data analysis pipeline MSI2 (Sorbonne University), comprised 2046 head mass spectra from 209 specimens collected at the Thailand-Myanmar border. Molecular identification via COI and ITS2 DNA barcodes enabled the identification of 20 sensu stricto species and 5 sibling species complexes. The high quality of the mass spectra was demonstrated by a MSI2 median score (min-max) of 61.62 (15.94–77.55) for correct answers, using the best result of four technical replicates of a test panel. Applying an identification threshold of 45, 93.9% (201/214) of the specimens were identified, with 98.5% (198/201) consistency with the molecular taxonomic assignment. In conclusion, MALDI-TOF MS holds promise for malaria mosquito identification and can be scaled up for entomological surveillance in Southeast Asia. The free online sharing of our database on the MSI2 platform (https://msi.happy-dev.fr/) represents an important step towards the broader use of MALDI-TOF MS in malaria vector surveillance.
Exploring the acceptability of a community-enhanced intervention to improve decision support partnership between patients with chronic kidney disease and their family caregivers
Authors: Gazaway Shena , Wells Rachel , Haley John , Gutiérrez Orlando M. , Nix-Parker Tamara , Martinez Isaac , Lyas Claretha , Lang-Lindsey Katina , Knight Richard , Crenshaw-Love Ruth , Pazant Allen , Odom J. Nicholas
Published: July 2024

Patients face numerous health-related decisions once advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is diagnosed. Yet, when patients are underprepared to navigate and discuss health-related decisions, they can make choices inconsistent with their expectations for the future. This pilot study, guided by the multiphase optimization strategy and community-engaged research principles, aimed to explore the acceptability of a developed patient component to a decision-support training intervention called ImPart (Improving Decisional Partnership of CKD Dyads). CKD patients and their family caregivers were recruited from an urban, academic medical center. Eligibility criteria for patients included a diagnosis of stage 3 or higher CKD (on chart review), and caregivers participated in interview sessions only. Patients without a caregiver were not eligible. The intervention was lay coach, telephone-delivered, and designed to be administered in 1–2 week intervals for 4 sessions. An interview guide, developed in collaboration with an advisory group, was designed to ascertain participants’ experiences with the intervention. Caregiver interviews focused on changes in the patient’s decision ability or engagement. Thirteen patients and eleven caregivers were interviewed. The program was viewed as "good" or "beneficial." Three themes capture the intervention’s impact– 1) Frequent and deliberate disease-focused communication, 2) Future planning activation, and 3) Coaching relationship. The piloted intervention was successfully delivered, acceptable to use, and found to promote enhanced disease and future planning communication. By undergoing this work, we ensure that the patient component is feasible to use and meets the needs of participants before implementation in a larger factorial trial.
Base saturation flow rate (BSFR) and its effect on performance of pretimed signalized intersection with non-lane based urban heterogeneous traffic
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto , Saleh Sofyan M. , Darma Yusria , Rusdi Muhammad , A’yuni Qurrata , Fazila Teuku Syahrul , Rahma Roudhia
Published: July 2024

Signalized intersections that are pretimed are commonly used in rapidly developing cities with diverse traffic patterns, including those found in Indonesia. These intersections are a common source of congestion and delays in road networks, particularly when there is non-lane based (NLB) traffic in urban areas. Accurate estimation of both the base saturation flow rate and capacity is essential for this type of facility, as an error in the prediction of the base saturation flow rate can result in significant bias in capacity evaluation and design at signalized intersections. The estimation of capacity at signalized intersections is critical for ensuring optimal signal timings, minimizing delay, and reducing congestion. Heterogeneous traffic, which refers to the presence of various types of vehicles with distinct static and dynamic characteristics, is a common phenomenon. To address this issue, this paper presents a modeling approach for the SFR that takes into account heterogeneous traffic and NLB movements. Indonesia, being an archipelago with 34 provinces, served as the focus of this study, which specifically concentrated on Banda Aceh, the capital province of Aceh province. Employing primary and observed data collected at a specific, predetermined signalized timing, this study aimed to investigate the impact of intersection geometry and heterogeneous traffic composition on the SFR. By adopting the modeling approach for NLB movements, the study formulated the BSFR model. To estimate the scale parameters of the BSFR, the multiple linear regression approach was utilized. The analysis results reveal that the existing BSFR based on the IHCM formula gives a substantially biased estimation because the PCEs from the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) are underestimated. This source of error could be partially due to the heterogeneous (varied vehicle composition) traffic flow with NLB movements, unlike that observed under the prevailing conditions of IHCM 1997. The empirical results show that the existing IHCM should be improved to avoid overestimation, particularly for effective approach width (We) greater than 4.5 m. A comparison of the BSFR prediction model between IHCM’s PCEs and new PCEs shows that the BSFR is predicted more accurately in the latter case. This finding demonstrates that the existing IHCM can be adjusted in two ways: adjusting PCEs or calibrating the BSFR formula. The proposed models can also enhance the accuracy of BSFR prediction, leading to better signalized intersection capacity estimation, providing support for designing traffic operation, alleviating traffic congestion, and reducing congestion delay within the city.
Woody plant species richness and productivity relationship in a subtropical forest: The predominant role of common species
Authors: Sun Yudan , Chen Silin , Ouyang Haofeng , Liu Shuang
Published: July 2024

A long-standing key issue for examining the relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF), such as forest productivity, is whether ecosystem functions are influenced by the total number of species or the properties of a few key species. Compared with controlled ecosystem experiments, the BEF relationships in secondary forest remain unclear, as do the effects of common species richness and rare species richness on the variation in ecosystem functions. To address this issue, we conducted field surveys at five sampling sites (1 ha each) with subtropical secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation. We found (1) a positive correlation between species richness and standing aboveground biomass (AGB); (2) that common species were primarily responsible for the distribution patterns of species abundance and dominance; although they accounted for approximately 25% of the total species richness on average, they represented 86–91% of species abundance and 88–97% of species dominance; and (3) that common species richness could explain much more of the variation in AGB than total species richness (common species plus rare species) at both the site and plot scales. Because rare species and common species were not equivalent in their ability to predict productivity in the biodiversity-ecosystem productivity model, redundant information should be eliminated to obtain more accurate results. Our study suggested that woody plant species richness and productivity relationship in subtropical forest ecosystem can be explained and predicted by a few common species.
Commuting paradox of the technopole Newtown: A case study in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Authors: Dalavong Phengsy , Choi Chang Gyu
Published: July 2024

This study examines the relationship between different types of new town development and their impact on commuting patterns. It provides an empirical analysis of how development in Technopole Newtown and Residential Newtown influences commuting time and distance. Technopole Newtown is characterized by a blend of technological institutional clusters and residential development, while Residential Newtown primarily emphasizes residential development. Seoul Metropolitan Area was chosen as the case study, with data sourced from the Household Travel Survey. This study reveals a surprising commuting paradox in Technopole Newtown, where the plan was to blend job opportunities with residential development. The findings indicate that commuters did not benefit. Instead, they endured longer commutes in both time and distance compared to those in Residential Newtown, which is typically characterized as a bedroom community. The integration of job opportunities for the development of new towns should be considered a crucial factor in creating urban sustainability in the future.
Disability and labour market participation among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya
Authors: Bechange Stevens , Jolley Emma , Jeyam Anita , Okello George , Wekesa Ben , Schmidt Elena
Published: July 2024

Background

Despite the importance of labour market participation and the high number of people with disabilities in rural Africa who rely on subsistence agriculture to survive, very few studies have documented labour market outcomes among farmers with and without disabilities in Africa.

Objective

We examined how labour market participation differed by disability and other factors among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya.

Methods

We use cross-sectional data collected between January and April 2022 from sorghum farmers enrolled in a trial evaluating the impact of a programme designed to improve labour market participation among sorghum farmers in rural Western Kenya. Disability and Labour market outcomes were assessed using questions from the Washington Group /ILO Labor Force Survey Disability Module the ILO Labour Force Survey module respectively. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify socio-demographic characteristics and other related factors associated with labour market participation.

Results

Among 4459 participants, disability was reported by 20.3% of women and 12.3% of men. Labour market participation was reported by 77.1% and 81.3% of women and men, respectively. Adjusting for demographic confounders, having a disability was associated with a lower likelihood of labour market participation (odds ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval, 0.42–0.83, P = 0.001). These findings were similar in a modified model that looked at functional difficulties separately from anxiety and depression. Women, older participants, and those who were dependent on others were also more likely not to report participation in the labour market.

Conclusions

Increased recognition and understanding of functional limitations among smallholder farmers is vital for the success of economic empowerment programmes aimed at increasing labour market participation among the most vulnerable populations.
The jingle fallacy in comprehension tests for reading
Authors: Lee Charlotte E. , Godwin Hayward J. , Drieghe Denis
Published: July 2024

The Jingle fallacy is the false assumption that instruments which share the same name measure the same underlying construct. In this experiment, we focus on the comprehension subtests of the Nelson Denny Reading Test (NDRT) and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT-II). 91 university students read passages for comprehension whilst their eye movements were recorded. Participants took part in two experimental blocks of which the order was counterbalanced, one with higher comprehension demands and one with lower comprehension demands. We assumed that tests measuring comprehension would be able to predict differences observed in eye movement patterns as a function of varying comprehension demands. Overall, readers were able to adapt their reading strategy to read more slowly, making more and longer fixations, coupled with shorter saccades when comprehension demands were higher. Within an experimental block, high scorers on the NDRT were able to consistently increase their pace of reading over time for both higher and lower comprehension demands, whereas low scorers approached a threshold where they could not continue to increase their reading speed or further reduce the number of fixations to read a text, even when comprehension demands were low. Individual differences based on the WIAT-II did not explain similar patterns. The NDRT comprehension test was therefore more predictive of differences in the reading patterns of skilled adult readers in response to comprehension demands than the WIAT-II (which also suffered from low reliability). Our results revealed that these different comprehension measures should not be used interchangeably, and researchers should be cautious when choosing reading comprehension tests for research.
Animal source food consumption practice and factors associated among infant and young children from selected rural districts in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Daba Alemneh Kabeta , Murimi Mary , Abegaz Kebede , Hailu Dejene
Published: July 2024

Background

Children are recommended to consume animal source foods (ASF) as part of diversified diets. However, ASF consumption practice of infant and young children (IYC) is less studied and contributing factors are not exhaustively identified. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess consumption of ASF and identify associated factors among 6–23 months old IYC from selected rural districts in Ethiopia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 606 IYC from selected rural districts of Oromia and Sidama regional states in Ethiopia. A two-stage sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Frequencies, percentages and mean scores with standard deviations were generated to describe participants and report univariate outcomes. Consumption of ASF was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify contributing factors contributed to IYC’s ASF consumption practice.

Results

Dairy, eggs and meat were consumed by 41.2%, 16.4% and 2.3% of IYC, respectively. Household food security increased odds of dairy [AOR = 1.66 (95%CI: 1.16 2.38), P = 0.006], eggs [AOR = 2.15 (95%CI: 1.33, 3.49), P = 0.002] and meat [AOR = 5.08 (95%CI: 1.09, 23.71), P = 0.039] consumption. Cow [AOR = 1.86 (95%CI: 1.28, 2.70), P = 0.001], donkey [AOR = 1.83 (95%CI: 1.08, 3.11), P = 0.024] and chicken [AOR = 1.53 (95%CI: 1.05, 2.22), P = 0.027] ownership increased the odds of dairy consumption. Grades 5–8 [AOR = 1.74 (95%CI: 1.06, 2.86), P = 0.028] or ≥9 [AOR = 2.96 (95%CI: 1.62, 5.42), P <0.001] maternal educational achievements were also associated with better dairy consumption. Children from households that owned chicken [AOR = 3.20 (95%CI: 1.97, 5.19), P <0.001] or produce root crops [AOR = 1.67 (95%CI: 1.05, 2.66), P = 0.031] were with increased odds to consume eggs.

Conclusions

Low proportion of children consumed ASF. Household food security, livestock ownership, household income, root crop production and maternal education contributed to ASF consumption. Nutrition sensitive agricultural extension activities aided by nutrition education should be considered and evaluated for their effect on IYC’s ASF consumption practice.
Art for communicating crises: A semiotic analysis of COVID-19 murals
Authors: Medhavi Dishha , Trehan Kulveen
Published: July 2024

The study aims to analyse and determine the symbolic significance of the COVID-19 murals in New Delhi, the capital of India, as an alternative medium for crisis communication. Many digital platforms were used to disseminate COVID-19-related information, but for those who were not a part of the digital ecosystem, murals served as a means of distributing pertinent information and pandemic-related health protocols. The study also aims to distinguish between murals painted by public and private organizations like Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan and Delhi Street Art, respectively. This is a qualitative research with a conceptual framework based on Mohan Dutta’s culture-centred approach. The application of Roland Barthes’s semiotic analysis yielded results indicating that the creation of murals focused on a particular target demographic facilitates successful communication on the topic matter. The inclusion of easily understandable acronyms and slogans, along with the use of language that is comprehensible to the target audience, helps achieve this. Additionally, the creation of murals is a collaborative process that involves engaging community members in the design and implementation, ensuring that the murals accurately reflect the cultural values and perspectives of the target demographic, and fostering a sense of ownership and connection to the message being conveyed.
Participación en Ocio y Bienestar de las Personas Mayores en España
Authors: Monteagudo Sánchez María Jesús , San Salvador del Valle Roberto , Villatoro Hernandez Fernando Jose , Aranbarri Kortabarria Nerea
Published: July 2024

Numerosos estudios demuestran que la participación en ocio es fundamental para el bienestar de las personas mayores. Más escasos son los estudios que tienen en cuenta la importancia otorgada al ocio como variable mediadora de la percepción de bienestar. Sin embargo, cada vez más autores subrayan que conocer el valor que la persona otorga al ocio es fundamental para entender su impacto en el bienestar. Este trabajo busca conocer si existe alguna relación entre la importancia atribuida al ocio, la participación en este ámbito y la percepción de bienestar, considerando si dicha importancia se halla mediada por el nivel formativo. Se utiliza un diseño metodológico cuantitativo, que se sirve de una encuesta, aplicada a una muestra de 1213 personas mayores (65- 74 años), residentes en España. Además de las variables sociodemográficas, el cuestionario incluye dos grandes secciones, dedicadas a la participación e importancia otorgada al ocio y al bienestar (subjetivo, psicológico y social). Los resultados confirman que la importancia atribuida al ocio varía en función del nivel de estudios y que dicha importancia mantiene relación con la participación o ausencia de ocio. Un dato crucial, en la medida en que practicar alguna actividad de ocio está asociado con niveles de bienestar más altos que si no se practica.
Do Lazer Convencional a Outros Entendimentos e Práticas Na Periferia de Belém (Pará – Brasil)
Authors: Lobato Flavio Henrique Souza , Hamoy Juliana Azevedo , Bahia Mirleide Chaar
Published: July 2024

Historicamente, no contexto globalizado, capitalista e eurocêntrico, foram concebidos conceitos e práticas próprios de uma concepção hegemônica de lazer. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar as experiências e os entendimentos que conduzem o lazer de uma comunidade periférica de Belém, uma cidade do Pará, uma unidade federativa do Brasil. Em um exercício do fazer etnográfico, foram realizadas conversas informais, observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e anotações em caderno de campo. Entre os resultados, evidenciou-se que os moradores dessa periferia, frequentemente, associam o lazer a pelo menos cinco aspectos: 1) dinheiro; 2) tempo; 3) espaços; 4) práticas opostas ao trabalho; e 5) sentimentos, sensações ou emoções. No geral, essas e outras narrativas, em grande parte, fazem referência à lógica do lazer convencional, a qual chega numa comunidade periférica de Belém-Pará, denominada “Mata Fome”, por meio da mídia e das ações governamentais, que ditam o que é e o que não é, o que pode e o que não pode ser considerado lazer. Na contramão desse processo, a “educação libertadora”, proposta por Paulo Freire, é aqui vista como fundamental para um lazer emancipatório.
«Desierto»: un análisis endofonográfico de la canción perteneciente a Fito Páez
Authors: Villafañe Cristian
Published: July 2024

Cuando escuchamos una canción grabada, nos exponemos a la audición de mucho más que la canción en sí. En este sentido, si concebimos la canción grabada como el texto primario, y adoptamos una perspectiva endofonográfica de análisis, encontraremos que, en ella, hay más que una letra cantada con un acompañamiento armónico, grabados en un soporte en particular. En este artículo, nos proponemos indagar en esta afirmación, tomando como objeto de estudio la canción «Desierto» perteneciente a Fito Páez (Argentina, 1963). Empleando una estrategia metodológica centrada en el análisis auditivo, el objetivo es poder reconocer, describir y analizar no solamente la configuración específica de las estructuras musicales, de la letra y de las operaciones técnico–discursivas, sino también dar cuenta de la interrelación singular que ocurre entre ellas, y a partir de la que se constituye la resultante sonora final de «Desierto» en tanto canción grabada. Nuestra hipótesis inicial es que diversos aspectos de la resultante sonora final de esta canción grabada no son exclusivamente atribuibles a la canción y/o a su performance musical, sino que las operaciones técnico–discursivas realizadas en la etapa de mezcla son, al igual que las anteriores, determinantes en su constitución.
Equivalence of electric charge and energy
Authors: Nikolayevich Sukhanov Vladimir
Published: July 2024

The equivalence of electric charge and energy is the principle that everything that has an electric charge has an equivalent amount of energy and vice versa. Main methods used: conversion of natural units, algebra, analogy. The equivalence of electric charge and energy, despite the wide use in describing the principles of physics and astrophysics, has not yet been formulated. In this work, the formula for the equivalence of electric charge and energy is presented. This is done on the basis of known measurement systems, parameters and principles of physics.
Five examples (Stoney units, Planck units, Newton's law of universal gravitation, Coulomb's law and Ampere's law) of the algebraic notation of this principle show its universality. Five examples should justify the universality of the new principle and its use in physics, astrophysics and technology.
New physical Units are proposed for mass and electric charge has been proposed, each of which is suitable for measuring both mass and electric charge. The paper gives perspectives of using the proposed equivalence: starting calculation of mass excess, refinement of orbits of celestial, and Einstein field equation.
FEEDBACK FROM PATIENTS AS A RESOURCE FOR INCREASING LABOR PRODUCTIVITY IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Popsuyko Artem ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases, Morozova Elena , Artamonova Galina ,   Kemerovo State University,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases
Published: July 2024

The study focuses on the problem of increasing labour productivity in the health care sector. Its relevance is conditioned by the general trend of development and increasing the efficiency of all sectors of the economy and social sphere in the context of modern internal and external challenges. The paper considers the flow of patients, the speed of which is largely determined by the level of their satisfaction and loyalty to the medical organisation, as a resource for increasing the productivity of medical personnel. The aim of the study is to examine the factors affecting the indicators of public satisfaction with the process of medical care in primary health care in the Russian Federation (on the example of polyclinics) and to determine on this basis the possible directions for increasing the productivity of medical staff through increasing the flow of patients. The study used general scientific methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis, the unity of history and logic. The main hypothesis is that the dynamics of factors influencing the evaluation of the level of satisfaction with the process of medical care plays an important role in improving labor productivity and requires the adoption of organiza-tional decisions aimed at improving the quality of services provided. The study is based on the results of the sampling observation of the quality and availability of services in the spheres of education, health care and so-cial services, employment promotion, conducted by Rosstat in 2015–2023 and the socio-cultural approach, which assumes the orientation of medical organisations on patients as full participants in the treatment and di-agnostic process. On this basis, consumer satisfaction with the medical care received is considered as a signifi-cant predictor of improving the performance of a medical institution. The organisational solutions proposed by the authors of this study are based both on the results of subjective assessments of respondents and objective data of official statistics. The findings and semantic conclusions made may be in demand by management bod-ies at different levels of health care management.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR RENTAL PAYMENTS OF LAND PLOTS WITH UNDEMARCATED PROPERTY OF GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES
Authors: Maksimova Tatyana ,   South Ural State University, Doroshenko Yuri , Taipova Elvira ,   South Ural State University,   South Ural State University
Published: July 2024

The article focuses on the study of methodological approaches to the formation of rental payments for the use of land plots owned by state and municipal authorities, including those with an undemarcated form of ownership. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the author's methodological approach aimed at determining the amount of rent for the use of land plots, taking into account the effective-ness and conditions of permitted use. The hypothesis of the article is as follows: rental payments are influenced by a complex of factors, but the profitability of the results of activities carried out by the tenant and the existing market demand for land plots are of significant importance. The developed methodology takes into account the principle of economic feasibility of rental payments and is distinguished by the argumentation of the expedien-cy of using a coefficient that takes into account the permitted use of the land plot by the authorities. The meth-odology presents a method of ranking factors based on economic and mathematical modeling; when calculating rent, an additional variable is introduced that reflects the profitability of land plots, adjusted for existing de-mand and the time factor. The methodology proposed by the authors can be used by regional and municipal au-thorities in order to increase non-tax revenues of local budgets, ensure the rational use of land plots and elimi-nate incorrect assessment while maintaining a balance of interests between authorities, the interests of business and the population of the territories.
Multiregional Models of Economic Interactions: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Dzhurka Natalya ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS,   Institute of Economics RAS
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the problems of measuring spatial multipliers on the basis of multiregional models of economic interactions. Two lines of comparative analysis of multiregional models are distinguished: 1) depending on the choice of trade coefficients specification, 2) depending on the choice of the format of balance equations (input-output tables vs social accounting matrices). Interregional balances of Japan, constructed in accordance with Walter Isard’s model on the basis of officially confirmed statistics on interregional trade, are used as a basis for comparison. The focus is on ‘classical’ multiregional models with a high degree of transparency of assumption systems: the Chenery-Moses model, in which the destination sectors of products imported into the region are unknown, and the Leontief-Strout model, in which the volumes of interregional trade are also unknown. The calculations have shown that compensatory feedback mechanisms operate in multiregional systems, as a result of which there is no obvious proportional relationship between the amount of actual information on interregional trade used in the construction of balances and the accuracy of estimates of spatial multipliers. The specifics of different multiregional models are manifested primarily in the estimates of structural components of spatial multipliers – system effects formed in the markets of different hierarchical levels. The assumption of greater accuracy of multiregional matrices of social accounting (as compared to multiregional input-output tables due to the greater number of compensatory feedback mechanisms) is confirmed only at the level of sectoral average spatial multipliers. These calculations lead to the conclusion that when working with multiregional models (especially in the framework of detailed analysis of spatial multipliers – in the context of different sectors or markets of different hierarchical levels) it is important to take into account the discursive techniques used to derive them
Impact of Integration and Geopolitical Factors on Trade of the Russian Far East
Authors: Izotov Dmitriy ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to quantify the impact of integration and geopolitical factors on trade of the Russian Far East with foreign countries. The estimates obtained on the basis of gravity modeling for 2000–2021 revealed the stimulating influence of integration factors (participation of Russia and trade partner countries in the WTO; Russia’s participation in ‘deep’ trade agreements) and the restraining influence of geopolitical factors (acute political confrontation between Russia and foreign countries; sanctions imposed on the Russian economy) on the Far East’s foreign trade. It was established that the participation of Russia and trade partner countries in the WTO contributed to the increase in foreign trade of the Russian Far East by 58%. The positive indirect influence of the ‘WTO factor’ and the stimulating effect of the global economic environment on foreign trade turnover of the Russian Far East was determined, indicating the ‘sensitivity’ of the macro-region’s open economy to trade liberalization at the global level. It was found that Russia’s creation of ‘deep’ integration formats with the Eurasian Economic Union countries and Vietnam contributed to an increase in the Far East’s trade with them by 141%, but the share of these economies in the macro-region’s foreign trade was small. It was found that the presence of an acute political conflict between Russia and foreign countries reduced the Far East’s trade with these countries by 79%, but due to the small share of these countries in the macro-region’s trade turnover, this effect was almost imperceptible. It was determined that the imposition of sanctions against Russia by a number of Western countries in 2014–2021 led to a 43% reduction in the Far East’s trade turnover with them and could contribute to the accelerated construction of infrastructure for the supply of hydrocarbons to the Chinese market, limiting the opportunities for geographical diversification of the macro-region’s exports
Cities in the Settlement System of the South of the Russian Far East: Selection of Research Tools
Authors: Ukrainsky Vadim ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: July 2024

The choice of scientific research tools is an important and often non-trivial task, especially when the scientist’s focus is on complex objects. Settlement systems are certainly such objects. A simple choice in favor of a well-known theory in this case will not always be the most correct option. In particular, W. Christaller’s theory of central places is one of those concepts that, perhaps, most of the researchers who studied settlement systems did not ignore. However, the analysis of the limitations inherent in this theory by its basic assumptions shows that the scope of empirical application of this theory is quite narrow. The specificity of the supporting framework of the settlement system of the Southern macroeconomic zone of the Russian Far East, described in the most general lines in this work (the ‘stringing’ of most of the largest cities in the zone on the multi-mainline route) determines the preferable use of the corridor approach. It seems that the concept of a ‘corridor’ (together with the concepts that support it – axis of development, gateway cities, poles of integration, etc.) has sufficient explanatory power for studying the features of the development of this settlement system
Analisis Kadar Seng (Zn) dan Besi (Fe) Pada Kangkung Air (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) Berdasarkan Tempat Tumbuh Dengan Metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry)
Authors: Khoirunnisa Aishwarya , Nur Achmad Vandian , Rahmasari Khusna Santika , WIrasti Wirasti
Published: July 2024

Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) is a vegetable that is widely found and consumed by the public, containing among others protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, zinc and vitamins A, B1 and C. Zn is a micronutrient that functions for growth and development of bone metabolism. Fe is a micromineral for the formation of hemoglobin in the blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the content and amount of zinc and iron in water spinach based on different growing places using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The sample used in this study was water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) taken from 3 locations, namely Sapugarut, Coprayan and Kandang Panjang. The method in this study was qualitatively using color testing and quantitatively using AAS. The results of qualitative testing on Fe produced a brownish color and Zn produced a clear solution with a white precipitate. Quantitative test results using the AAS method at a wavelength of 248.3 nm for zinc and 213.9 nm for iron. The Zn content in the sample obtained was sample A of 0.3869 mg/100 g, sample B of 0.5199 mg/100 g and sample C of 0.2556 mg/100 g while the level of Fe in sample A was 2.502 mg/100 g, sample B was 2.275 mg/100 g and sample C was 1.925 mg/100 g. The results of the study showed that the Zn and Fe levels had different levels, this was because the nutrient content in the soil had different nutrients.
Anthropometric markers for fat obesity in Indonesian children aged 7 to 12 years in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hastuti Janatin , Rahmawati Neni Trilusiana
Published: July 2024

Background: Obesity must be determined precisely and accurately in order for intervention efforts to be more effective. Anthropometric measurement is accurate, simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive to perform, making it useful as a screening tool for body fat.Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of anthropometric indicators in assessing fat obesity in Indonesian children aged 7 to 12 years in Yogyakarta Province.Materials and Methods: Participants included 514 Javanese children (260 boys, 254 girls) aged 7-12 years who lived in Bantul and Kulon Progo Regencies and were healthy and willing to participate. Disabled children were excluded. Data were taken in 1998 including body weight, height, wrists, abdomen, waist and hip circumference, and skinfold thickness at biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac. Body mass index (BMI), body frame, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were further calculated. Body fat was estimated from skinfold thickness. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) tests were performed.Results: The ANOVA test results showed that age was the main factor of significant variation (p<0.001) for all variables, while gender was significant for wrist circumference (p<0.05), body frame (p<0.05), and WHR (p<0.001). Gender and age are simultaneously significant only for height (p<0.001). ROC analysis showed that abdominal circumference in boys and waist circumference in girls had the widest area under the curve (AUC), while height had the smallest AUC in both genders. BMI had the highest AUC in boys (AUC= 0.984; p<0.001) and girls (AUC= 0.972; p<0.001).Conclusion: Abdominal circumference in boys and waist circumference in girls performed better than other anthropometric indicators for assessing body fat obesity. While, BMI outperforms all other anthropometric indices in both genders.
Evaluation of the implementation stimulation, detection, and early intervention for toddlers growth and development in Nanggalo Health Center
Authors: Azrimaidaliza Azrimaidaliza , Resti Resti , Helmizar Helmizar
Published: July 2024

Background: The coverage of Stimulation, Detection, and Early Intervention for Toddler Growth and Development (SDIDTK) toddlers at the Nanggalo Health Center has not yet reached the national target. This is influenced by the low participation of mothers of toddlers at Integrated Service Posts (Posyandus). The proportion of toddlers weighed at Posyandus 14.90%.Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the implementation of the SDIDTK program at the Nanggalo Health Center to achieve the national target (90%).Materials and Methods: This type of qualitative research uses a systems approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. Twelve informants were selected in the working area of the Nanggalo Health Center based on purpose sampling. Data processing involves the triangulation of sources and techniques. Records of in-depth interview results were made in the form of transcripts and analyses and interpreted in the form of research results.Results: Based on the research results obtained, there is a manual for implementing SDIDTK but no SOP has been found. The number of implementing staff is sufficient, but the distribution of the workload is not yet effective and efficient. The funds available for community health center activities are sufficient, but there has been no allocation of special funds to support SDIDTK activities. The facilities and infrastructure supporting the program are inadequate. The implementation of detection and stimulation is still not per the guidelines for all toddlers in the Nanggalo Community Health Center working area. Early intervention has been carried out for toddlers who are detected to be experiencing growth and development disorders. Records are summarized in cohorts and reported every month to the Health Service. Monitoring and evaluation are carried out in stages, but they are still not going well.Conclusion: The implementation of the SDIDTK program at the Nanggalo Health Center is still not good. Obstacles in program implementation come in the form of data problems, a lack of infrastructure, limited staff time, low community participation, and a lack of support from across sectors.
Supply elasticities in Slovene agriculture
Authors: ERJAVEC Emil , TURK Jernej
Published: July 2024

Supply response and structural breaks in the Slovene agriculture over the period of 30 years (1966-1995) were evaluated in this paper. Kalman filter procedure was applied in deriving supply elasticities for 6 staple agricultural products. Two structural breaks in Slovene agriculture may be (hypothetical) expected in the observed period, but both cannot clearly be estimated. The extent of agricultural reforms has been gradually defined and started much before the process of political transition in 1990/91. High supply elasticities were obtained for beef and maize, which is explained by a relatively free market environment that was encountered by the farmers involved in beef and maize production. Low supply elasticities calculated for pork and potato, and very low supply elasticities computed for wheat and milk point at a high degree of state regulation on these markets in the past and the importance of the quasi fixed assets in the production. From the values of cross-price elasticities certain complement and substitute relationships between various farm produce, which are however subject to change over time, could be observed. Possible Slovene admission to EU would thus have quite different effects for domestic farmers engaged in one of the 6 production activities scrutinised here.
Zrnje metuljnic v prehrani
Authors: PIRMAN Tatjana , STEKAR Jasna M.A. , COMBE Etiennette
Published: July 2024

Over 65 % of food protein and more than 80 % of food energy is supplied by plants. Legumes have a special place in diets, because they contain nearly two to three times more protein than cereals. Legumes also provide energy and are important sources of several B-complex vitamins, essential elements and fiber. Legume proteins alone are of poor quality, because of sulphur containing amino acids deficiency. When consumed with cereals their complementary effect is exemplified. The most often antinutritional factors in legumes, their effect on the nutritional value of legumes and their use in nutrition are presented.
Vključevanje člankov iz Zbornika Biotehniške fakultete - kmetijstvo v podatkovne zbirke AGRICOLA, AGRIS in CAB ter njihovo prekrivanje
Authors: STOPAR Karmen , KOLER-POVH Teja , BRADAČ Jana , KRAMARIČ Franc
Published: July 2024

There are three major international bibliografical databases for agricultural literature: AGRICOLA, AGRIS and CAB. The objective of this paper is to illustrate the overlapping between individual databases and the inclusion of articles from the periodical Research Reports Biotechnical Faculty of the University of Ljubljana - Agricultural issue = Zbornik Biotehniške fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani - Kmetijstvo. The results have shown that many journals appear in two or three databases at the same time. In the investigation period all three databases mentioned above included 736 journals. Some journals do not cover all the articles as their choice is mostly selective. The actual overlapping of databases may be somewhat lower than shown above. In the two year period (1995 and 1996) the following number of articles per review had been included on the average: AGRICOLA 63, AGRIS 44 and CAB 38.  In the ten year period (1987-1996), from all the articles of Research Reports Biotechnical Faculty of the University in Ljubljana - Agricultural issue, the following number of articles have been included in databases:  AGRIS 314 and CAB 326.
The influence of water stress on the quantity and quality of hops yield (Humulus lupulus L.) cv. ’Savinjski Golding’
Authors: MAJER Dušica
Published: July 2024

The influence of water stress on the "savinjski golding" hop variety has been investigated. Three different treatments (dry, unirrigated and irrigated) were conducted in pot and field experiments. Irrigation was applied on the basis of instantaneous soil moisture measurements and desorbtion characteristics of the soil. The influence of different treatments was evaluated by green mass, cones and root weights, the yield of hop, alpha acids and essential oil composition. Statistical evaluation revealed that the weight of green mass, cones, roots and the yield were significantly reduced by water stress. It also had a negative effect on the essential oil composition. The calculation of costs for irrigation confirmed that irrigation was justified regarding the increase of yield and quality.