bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of volatile compounds and antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties against drug-resistant microbes of essential oils from the leaves of Mentha rotundifolia var. apodysa Briq. (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad
Published: June 2022

The present research work investigated antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties of essential oils from the leaves of Mentha rotundifolia var. apodysa Briq. (EOR). Hydro-distillation was used to extract EOR before being subjected to the chemical characterization by the use of GC/MS. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the use of three bioassays namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Antimicrobial potency was tested against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumonia, while antifungal activity was tested against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and Fusarium oxysporum. EOR yield was determined to be 1.31%, with 20 compounds wherein Menthol (31.28%) and Isomenthol (14.28%) constituted the greatest amount. Regarding antioxidant activity, EOR exhibited potent antioxidant power: DPPH (IC50 value of 0.36 ± 0.03 mg/mL), FRAP (EC50 value of 0.35 ± 0.03 mg/mL), and TAC (697.45 ± 1.07 mg EAA/g). Antibacterial activity results showed that EOR had broad antibacterial activity on the tested strains. Eventually, EOR resulted in the greatest inhibition zone diameters vs S. aureus (18.20 ± 0.41 mm) followed by E. coli (17.02 ± 0.5 mm). Antifungal activity results showed that EOR exhibited potent antifungal activity and resulted in the greatest inhibition zone diameters up to 51.32 ± 1.32 mm against Aspergillus flavus, and 34.51 ± 1.07 mm against Aspergillus niger.
Plasmonic and bi-piezoelectric enhanced photocatalysis using PVDF/ZnO/Au nanobrush
Authors: Zhao Xiaofei , Li Zhen , Yu Jing , Li Chonghui , Xu Shicai , Li Fengrui , Zhang Chentao , Man Baoyuan , Zhang Chao
Published: June 2022

The photocatalytic degradation, as an environmental-friendly technology, has great significance for cost-effective and efficient catalysis processes, wherein piezo-photocatalysis can significantly increase the catalytic degradation rate using both solar and mechanical energy. Here, a ternary heterostructure PVDF/ZnO/Au (PZA) nanobrush photocatalyst with high piezo-photocatalytic efficiency was presented via low-temperature hydrothermal and chemical reduction methods. Under both solar and mechanical energy, the current response and degradation rate of the as-synthesized PZA nanobrush all increase significantly compared with that under solar alone and under mechanical energy alone, and the excellent recyclability is investigated. It is found that the PZA nanobrush with ultrasonic-assisted piezo-photocatalysis completely degrade MO of 20 mg/L in 60 min, which exhibits greater enhancement of photocatalytic activity than with stirring-assisted piezo-photocatalysis due to higher power. The high piezo-photocatalytic activity of PZA nanobrush is attributed to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) coupling of Au and built-in electric field originating from the ZnO and PVDF, which can increase the absorption of visible light, promote the charge transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons/holes. This work introduces the SPR and bipiezotronic effect to improve plasmonic photocatalysis with PZA heterostructures, which offers a new solution in green technologies to design high-performance catalysts for the environmental remediation.
Crystal structure of chlorido-(η
6-toluene)(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate, C17H16ClN2RuPF6
Authors: Gichumbi Joel M. , Zamisa Sizwe J. , Friedrich Holger B.
Published: June 2022

C17H16ClN2RuPF6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.4426(9) Å, b = 8.3311(5) Å, c = 16.413(1) Å, β = 109.2690°, V = 1864.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0309, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0697, T = 173 K.
La construcción social de la realidad. Las ficciones del discurso sobre la impunidad y sus funciones sociales
Authors: Silva García Germán
Published: June 2022

La impunidad puede ser leída como una categoría formal (objetiva) o informal (subjetiva); en Colombia, predomina su concepción en la dimensión subjetiva. A partir de esta premisa, se analiza la construcción social de la realidad del delito, destacando el papel del escándalo y la indignación en ese proceso. Luego, se argumenta que las políticas penales en uso son populistas y se basan en un derecho penal máximo. En dirección opuesta, se avanza una doctrina alternativa basada en la deconstrucción social de los imaginarios fabricados acerca de la criminalidad y el control. Dicha alternativa da lugar a un derecho garantista, coherente con el Estado social de derecho, que controle con eficacia las acciones socialmente divergentes de interés para el sistema de control penal.
La apologética teológica en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Sánchez Leyva Francisco
Published: June 2022

La tesis central del presente estudio de reflexión considera que los tiempos del coronavirus son un evento histórico relevante para el ejercicio de una nueva apologética teológica. La tesis presupone un ejercicio apologético capaz de ayudar a integrar el don del amor de Dios en estos tiempos de crisis para toda la familia humana y se fundamenta en la programática exhortación petrina de estar “siempre dispuestos a dar razón de nuestra esperanza a todo aquel que nos lo pida. Pero hacerlo con humildad y respeto” (1P 3,15-16). El estudio concluye remarcando la vehemencia de la buena noticia de la resurrección del Señor como un evento capaz de encender el corazón de la humanidad doliente con una llama de esperanza.
Formación de la autonomía de estudiantes universitarios en entornos virtuales
Authors: Acevedo Zapata Sandra , Babativa-Novoa Carlos-Alberto , De la Peña-Consuegra Geilert
Published: June 2022

Se presenta el resultado del proyecto de investigación ECEDU PIE39 UNAD-ISES, donde se identificó la satisfacción de un grupo de estudiantes sobre la plataforma NEO; en cuanto a las potencialidades de favorecer la educación del valor autonomía en los Entornos Virtuales de Enseñanza Aprendizaje (EVEA).

La experiencia es aplicada en el contexto de programas de Educación Superior, que utilizan la virtualidad en las instituciones UNAD e ISES de Bogotá-Colombia. La metodología que se utiliza se basa en un diseño centrado en los estudiantes, donde el problema abordado es: ¿Cómo propiciar la educación del valor autonomía en EVEA de la Institución de Educación Superior UNAD-ISES?  En este orden de ideas, se asume una concepción teórica sobre el EVEA, como espacio en que interactúa, construye y conecta en red una comunidad de aprendizaje, en función de la educación del valor autonomía, donde los estudiantes aprenden a conectarse, comunicarse, informarse e interactuar. Las conclusiones del trabajo realizado evidencian la satisfacción lograda por los estudiantes del Programa Tecnología En Producción Grafica Digital (PTPPGD) y de la Tecnología en Gestión de Redes de Acceso de Telecomunicaciones – (TGRAT) con el NEO, en EVEA y favoreció la educación del valor autonomía a través de las dimensiones tecnológica, pedagógica u organizacional con las herramientas proporcionadas por la Web 4.0 en la educación virtual de la UNAD e ISES.
El enfoque narrativo para la investigación-formación de emociones en educación
Authors: BARRIOS TAO HERNANDO
Published: June 2022

Objetivo general: Revisar las contribuciones del enfoque narrativo para las prácticas de investigación-formación de emociones de actores educativos.

Metodología: Revisión narrativa revisión narrativa de carácter selectivo, con el fin de comparar, contrastar y relacionar aspectos claves del tópico investigativo, delimitada por aspectos temporales (2000-2019), tipológicos (investigaciones con diseños cuali y cuantitativos) y de publicaciones (artículos y tesis en sistemas y bases: Dialnet, Ebsco, Proquest, Science Direct, Scopus).

Resultados: El enfoque narrativo contribuye con la estructuración de las emociones para abarcar dimensiones y aspectos que intervienen en su desarrollo, con la formación de los actores investigativos en términos de comprensión y refiguración de sus episodios emocionales, con la reconfiguración, tanto del objeto como de los modos de analizar y socializar los resultados de las experiencias emocionales.

Conclusiones: El desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales es una necesidad para los ámbitos laboral y educativo y un desafío para las prácticas de educación emocional. Investigaciones prácticas evidencian aportes significativos del enfoque narrativo para abordar las emociones, frente a enfoques estereotipados y paralelos a la investigación tradicional que se reducen a datos y números que no permiten la comprensión de estas experiencias vividas
Clinically significant drug interactions between antiretroviral and co-prescribed drugs in HIV infected patients: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Al Sayed Hawra Ali Hussain , Sharif-Askari Narjes Saheb , Rahimi Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2022

Introduction. There are limited data on human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) infected people in the UAE and the Gulf region. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk factors for potential clinically significant drug interactions (CSDIs) in a cohort of 181 HIV infected people in Dubai.

Methods. A retrospective study was conducted at the outpatient infectious diseases clinic of Rashid hospital. Consecutive HIV seropositive people on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) were included. All potential CSDIs were analyzed and classified using Liverpool HIV drug interactions database.

Results. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) were the most frequently used antiretroviral agents (ARVs), while the most common (non-ARV) were cardiovascular medication followed by antilipidemic statins. A total of 140 potential CSDIs were found in nearly half (n=86, 47.5%) of the 181 included HIV persons. Of the 140 potential CSDIs, 27 (19%) were of weak clinical relevance, 108 (77%) were of potential clinical relevance, and 5 (4%) were of contraindicated clinical relevance interactions. Moreover, 52 (37.14%) of CSDIs were between two ARVs and 88 (62.85%) were between ARV and non-ARV drugs. In the univariate analysis, age, dyslipidemia, number of medications, analgesics use, statin use, supplement intake, time since diagnosis of HIV, number of ART, and use of a protease inhibitor (PI) were significant. In the logistic regression, factors independently associated with CSDIs were the number of medications (odds ratio [OR] 1.165, 95% CI 1.021-1.329, P = 0.023) and the time since diagnosis of HIV (OR 1.156, 95% CI 1.008-1.327, P = 0.038).

Conclusion. The frequency of CSDIs between ART and co-medications is high in HIV seropositive people. Awareness of the risk factors may assist clinicians to recognize and manage CSDIs.
Sarcopenia assessed by total psoas index – is it correlated with post-operative complications in all digestive cancers?
Authors: Haiducu Carmen , Buzea Catalin Adrian , Delcea Caterina , Brasoveanu Vladislav , Grasu Cristian Mugur , Dan Gheorghe-Andrei
Published: June 2022

Background and aims. In cancer patients sarcopenia may be a predictor for postoperative complications of curative or palliative surgery. Several indices including the total psoas area index (TPAI) are proposed for the diagnosis of this condition, but there is no validated cut-off point.

Our study aimed to assess the role of TPAI as a marker for sarcopenia and to compare the utility of previously proposed cut-off values for predicting post-operative complications in patients with digestive cancers undergoing surgery.

Methods. We retrospectively included all adult patients with digestive cancers admitted to a tertiary center for elective surgery between January and December 2019. Sarcopenia was considered based on TPAI evaluated on abdominal computed tomography (CT) and for analysis we used different cut-off points published by various authors. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of any complications as defined by the Clavien-Dindo classification. The secondary endpoints were fistula development, low– versus high-grade Clavien-Dindo post-operative complications, moderate or severe anemia at discharge, major bleeding, hypoalbuminemia at discharge, and decrease in albumin levels by at least 1g/dL.

Results. We included 155 patients with a mean age of 64.78 ± 11.40 years, of which 59.35% were males; 58.06% developed postoperative complications. TPAI evaluated as a continuous variable was not a predictor for the development of post-operative complications neither in the general study sample, nor in the gender subgroups of patients. Sarcopenia defined by previously proposed cut-off values was not a predictor of the secondary end-points either.

Conclusion. TPAI as a sole parameter for defining sarcopenia was not a predictor for postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for digestive neoplasia.
Influence of Mahayana-Vajrayana School on the Sacred Characteristics of Theravada Vihara in Indonesia
Authors: Herwindo Rahadhian Prajudi , Salim Singgih
Published: June 2022

After Buddha parinibbana, difference of views between his disciples in interpreting Dhamma result in the creation of three main Buddhist schools: Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana. With slightly different philosophies, these schools also have their own unique architectural characteristics to represent sacredness. However, due to the absence of any architectural literature, wide interpretations of Buddhist teachings, and acculturation with local culture, sacred characteristics of Buddhist architecture became mixed and difficult to distinguish. This research aims to study the influence of Mahayana and Vajrayana schools on the sacred characteristics of Theravada Buddhist architecture in Indonesia. Elaboration of Buddhist architecture and sacredness theory are used to analyse case study in surrounding environment, figure, mass structure, spatial planning, and ornamentation scope to obtain comprehensive acculturation picture of Mahayana and Vajrayana philosophy on Theravada vihara in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the circular shape that was characteristic of the early Theravada school in the architectural form of the monastery began to be abandoned and the use of anthropomorphic Buddha and iconic symbols as ornamentation elements which were only known in the development of Mahayana and Vajrayana schools.
«Nosque Filio in haereditatem a Deo patre donamur (De Trinitate 4,37)». El hombre como herencia dada a Cristo por Dios Padre: una reflexión en torno al concepto paulino de κληρονομία en la obra de Hilario de Poitiers
Authors: Alba-López Almudena
Published: June 2022

Hilario de Poitiers recoge el desarrollo paulino en torno al concepto de «herencia» explorando e incorporando nuevos aspectos y dando un paso más allá al entender que el hombre ha sido dado en herencia a Cristo por Dios Padre. Para tratar de hacer una aproximación a la influencia del pensamiento paulino en torno a la herencia en Hilario de Poitiers, examinaremos la reflexión que hace de los principales pasajes en los que Pablo de Tarso trata específicamente el tema abordado y su relación con otros aspectos relacionados, como su noción de «promesa», así como aquellos en los que las alianzas abrahámica y davídica desempeñan un papel esencial.
La colegialidad ampliada anticipa la sinodalidad: Medellín, 1968
Authors: Benítez Pedro
Published: June 2022

Se estudia cómo fueron recibidas las nociones de colegialidad y comunión en la II conferencia del CELAM (Medellín, 1968) mostrando que, si bien dicha conferencia no habló de sinodalidad, anticipó la idea. Se asume la sinodalidad como un modo de ser y obrar en la Iglesia que define la labor pastoral. Luego, se explica que Medellín fue original en el uso de una noción ampliada de la colegialidad, que sería conducente a la idea actual de sinodalidad. El texto hace hincapié en las ponencias para la correcta asimilación de estas ideas.
Impact of metal contamination to the emergence of (multi) antibiotic resistant bacteria in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Nam Pham , Quang Huy Nguyen , Thi Thu Hang Le , Thy Ngoc Nguyen , Thi Kieu Oanh Nguyen , Van Hoi Bui , Ngoc Lien Nguyen , Thi Thu Hien Nguyen , Mai Huong Le , Dinh Luyen Nguyen , Thi Huyen Thu Nguyen , Thi Hong Minh Tran , Tien Dat Nguyen , Dijoux-Franca Marie-Genevieve
Published: June 2022

Heavy metal contamination in the environment due to anthropogenic activities in industrial and agricultural areas represents stress for the living ecosystem including soil microorganisms. The adaptive response of bacterial communities to these pollutants can be observed through the increasing proportion of resistant bacteria. Our study aimed at evaluating the effect of metal contamination to the emergence of bacteria resistant to 3 common antibiotics, ie., gentamycin, sulfamethoxazole, and norfloxacin in Tan Long Pb-Zn mining site, Thai Nguyen province by a culture-dependent approach. The results showed that under moderated Pb contamination, a significant increase in prevalence of gentamycin-resistant bacteria was observed. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed 45% of isolates resistant to at least two antibiotics among gentamycin, norfloxacin, tetracyclin, imipenem, andsulfamethoxazole, and 10.4 % of isolates resistant tho three antibiotics. More detailed investigations in molecular analysis are needed to identify and genetically characterize of multi-drug resistant isolates as well as to better understand the link between metal resistance and (multi)resistance to antibiotics.
Antimicrobial potential of Streptomyces isolates from Con Dao National Forest
Authors: Nguyet Thuong Le Pham , Hoa Thien Truong , Thi Hang Tong
Published: June 2022

Streptomyces are considered the most potential microbes with the ability to produce antimicrobial and anticancer agents. These bacteria are found mostly in soil across the globe and play a pivotal role in material recycling processes. Isolation of Streptomyces in Vietnam has been conducted for years. However, there are few investigations on protected regions which have very little exchanging activities. This project aims to explore the resource for antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces isolated from Con Son Island (Con Dao). Eighteen soil samples were collected in different surface lands in Con Dao and cleaned prior to culturing and isolation. Twenty-five isolates (named from C1 to C25) were obtained from ISP4 agar plates and stored in glycerol 30% at -80oC. Liquid cultures were established in 3 different media (ISP4, Gause I and TSB) for all isolates. Broth collected from cultures at stationary phase was extracted with ethyl acetate at the ratio 1:1 (v/v) followed with antimicrobial tests against three bacterial and two fungal microorganisms (S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, C. albicans, A. parasiticus). Sixty percent of isolates show activity against at least one microbe. The isolates C13, C22 and C24 showed the ability to inhibit both bacteria and fungi tested. Results from C13 and C22 express remarkable activity to prevent the growth of B. subtilis and C. albicans, respectively. This study suggests the potential of Streptomyces from the investigated area and recommends more optimization of the culture condition as well as extractions with other solvents to get better antimicrobial activities.
Methods to manage, protect and improve plant virus resistance
Authors: Tien Phat Do , Bich Ngoc Pham , Hoang Ha Chu
Published: June 2022

Viral diseases caused severe damage for plant growth and development. Penetration and spread of viruses in the host plants dramatically reduce crop yield and quality. Due to the critical damages of viral diseases to agricultural production, different approaches and methods have been developed and utilized to manage, protect and improve plant virus resistance. Of which, conventional methods such as meristem culture, thermotherapy, cryotherapy as well as chemotherapy have been widely used and conducted effective results. Moreover, cross protection and gene pyramiding approaches have performed the broad and stable spectrum resistance potential in different plant species. Recently, advanced methods like plant transformation, gene silencing as well as genome editing have shown great successes in plant virus resistant improvement. In this review, we will briefly introduce the principle, advantages and limitations of different methods used for plant viral diseases management and viral resistant improvements. In addition, we will also discuss the challenges and future aspects in utilizing advanced technologies for plant virus resistant enhancement and breeding.
Preparation of fusarium oxysporum-inhibiting chito-oligosaccharide by chitin/chitosan-hydrolyzing enzyme from actinomycetes
Authors: Van Anh Trinh Thi , Quynh Uyen Nguyen , Ngoc Hong Nguyen , Thi Lam Dinh , Van Vinh Hoang
Published: June 2022

Chito-oligosaccharide (COS), one of remakable derivatives of chitosan, has almost chitosan’s biological function but better activities in antibacteria, antifungi and plant elicitor… Producing COS by biological enzymes shows many advantages in comparision with physical and chemical methods. In our study, COS was prepared using chitin/chitosan-hydrolyzing enzyme from actinomycetes. By analysis of 16S rDNA sequence, the enzyme producer VTCC 940003 belonged to Streptomyces macrosporeus. The strain’s ability to synthesize the enzyme having chitin/chitosan-hydrolyzing activity was first detected by agar plate method and then its activity equivalent to chitinase activity was determined using dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). The enzyme activity in the strain culture was 24 ± 0.05 U/ml. The COS was prepared by using the enzyme from S. macrosporeus VTCC 940003 to hydrolyze chitosan. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the obtained COS was mainly DP3-DP5. At the concentration of 0,3‰ the COS inhibited 98% of spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum after 24 hours and this activity remained after 48 hours.
Combining of silk fibroin and Aloe vera gel to fabricate wound dressings
Authors: Doan Vu Nguyen , Tran Ha Le Bao
Published: June 2022

Currently silk fibroin is used more and more in the biomedical researches, including a potential research direction in creating wound dressing. Aloe vera gel has been used as a traditional herbal with many properties suitable for treatment of burns such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, especially improvable wound healing. Therefore, the prepared fibroin/ Aloe vera gel film (FAV) was an ideal material for wound dressings. In this study, sericin is removed from the silk to obtain fibroin fiber. Aloe vera gel is purchased from Traditional Medicine Institute, Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam. Fibroin fiber and Aloe vera gel are dissolved by formic acid adding calcium chloride (CaCl2). Created FAV are then evaluated in some characteristics such as surface structure, tensile strength, absorbency, dehydration rate, biodegradation ability, preventing bacteria ability and cytotoxicity test. The results showed that FAV possessed good mechanical properties, suitable water vapor transmission rate, effective prevention of bacterial penetration and non-cytotoxic. This study is the first step to creating foundation and orientation for the development of commercial wound dressings.
Investigation of lignin peroxidase (LiP) produciton from fungi grown on liquid culture medium
Authors: Giap Vu Dinh , Thu QUynh Dang , Huu Nghi Do
Published: June 2022

Fungi are known to be capable of biosynthesizing various enzymes such as extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and oxydizing to effectively attack lignocellulose structures in the plant cell wall. Lignin peroxidase (LiP) is an extracellular enzyme biosynthesized in a variety of fungi and first isolated in 1987 from P. chrysosporium. The LiP enzyme is capable of oxydizing compounds with high redox potential (aromatic ring polymers) in the presence of H2O2 resulting in electron oxydation of various compounds including phenols, aromatic amines. Therefore, LiP is an important component of the extracellular enzyme system for lignocellulose degradation. Through polymerization, phenolic compounds reduced reactivity and solubility to be precipitated, thereby reducing toxycity. Therefore, LiP is applied in wastewater cleaning in wastwater containing high phenol content and halogenated phenol toxyns, that are the hydroxyl phenolic compounds. In this study, 39 fungal strains isolated from two ecological regions (Cuc Phuong National Park in Ninh Binh and Muong Phang inDien Bien provinces) were screened for LiP enzyme production. In which, 14 strains grew on a straw substrate medium exhibiting LiP activity with the level ranging from 13.8 to 108.8 U/mL. The LiP of Lentinus squarrosulus MPN 12 identified by molecular analysis exhibited the highest activity as 108 U/mL on basic culture medium and 896 U/mL in optimal culture medium, that was basic medium supplemented with an inducer veratryl alcohol (0.3 g/L), sucrose (10 g/L), urea (5 g/L) for 9 days fermentation at 28 °C, pH 5.0 and 200 rpm. This strain has a high potential for the production of LiP enzyme to convert lignocellulose material.
Purification and determination of biological activity of a recombinant enterokinase
Authors: Kim Phuong Luong , Thi Huyen Do , Thu Hong Le Thi
Published: June 2022

Enterokinase is a serine protease in which the light chain containing catalytic domain plays a role for recognition and digestion of a specific peptide of tetra-amino acids. Thus, it has been commonly used in biotechnology to cleave a fusion partner in chimeric protein for releasing target protein. In previous publication, the light chain of enterokinase was expressed in fusion form with thioredoxin to generate chimeric protein Trx-ent. The insoluble Trx-ent was primarily refolded for biological activity of auto-digestion to release enterokinase. In this study, we purified and examined biological activity of light chain recombiant enterokinase. The Trx-ent was refolded in process with denaturation in guanidin and then suitable buffers. Subsequently, the enterokinase was purified by factionation with ethanol precipitation at concentration of 20% to achive purify of 82%. The content of enterokinase obtained was 15.6 mg in 1 liter of fermentation and thus the recovery efficiency reached 8.2%. The activity of the recombinant enterokinase using Trx-FliC fusion protein as substrate was 230 units/µg, equivalent to the enterokinase activity of Invitrogen. This result is potential for application of the recombinant enterokinase in recombinant protein production.
Increased production of pyocyanin in recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS39-phzMS strain harboring the pUCP24-phzMS plasmid
Authors: Quang Vinh Nguyen , Hoang Uyen Nguyen , Chi Thuan Nguyen , Thi Thanh Loi Nguyen
Published: June 2022

PhzM and PhzS are two “core” enzymes that are necessary for conversion of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) into pyocyanin (PYO) phenazine in Gram (-) bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Apparently, the raise in copy number of their genes could increase the amount of pyocyanin phenazine in the microbe. In previous research, two genes phzM and phzS originated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PS39 strain had been inserted into a Pseudomonas – Escherichia coli shutlle vector pUCP24 to generate a plasmid pUCP24-phzMS. The obtained plasmid had been transformed into P. aeruginosa PS39 strain to create the recombinant P. aeruginosa PS39-phzMS strain. In this study, pUCP24-phzMS was sequenced to verify the polycistronic expression cassette containing both phzM and phzS genes. The results demonstrated that the recombinant plasmid comprised the ori of Pseudomonas and E. coli, gentamicin resistance-cassette, and polycistronic expression cassette for expression of PhzM and PhzS. In which, both genes will be transcripted together in one mRNA strand by the regulation of Lac promoter and operator. The translation from the mRNA to the corresponding proteins will be started by binding ribosome into RBS located upstream of each gene. The nucleotide sequence of these genes were completely homologous (100%) to the submitted sequences MF673740 (phzM) and MF770713 (phzS) on the NCBI GenBank database. Result on assessing the synthesis of pyocyanin in the recombinant strain with the presence of pUCP24-phzMS plasmid showed that pyocyanin concentration in the recombinant strain increased significantly over 2 times (31.22 mg/mL) more than that in the wild strain (13.47 mg/mL). The absorbance at 360 nm of PCA from the P. aeruginosa PS39-phzMS (OD367 = 0.03) strain decreased significantly compared to the one from wild type strain (OD367 = 0.39). Therefore, the plasmid with phzM and phzS genes was proved to improve the pyocyanin biosynthesis through a better conversion of PCA phenazine into PYO via PhzM and PhzS enzymes.
Characteristics of Lactobacillus strains isolated from Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hung Hoang The , Tu Hoa Thi Minh , Uyen Pham Thi Thu , Huyen Le Thi Thanh , Hien Vu Thi , Thu Ha Thi , Duc Le Hoang , Nam Nguyen Trung , Nhung Nguyen Thi Tuyet
Published: June 2022

Many studies show that hyperglycemia can lead to injury to the intestinal mucosal barrier, increasing the likelihood of infection, leading to intestinal inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes. Recently, investigations indicate that the gut microbiome plays a very important role in this disease in which Lactobacillus in the gut has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, improving oxidative stress, and inhibiting inflammatory responses. In this study, by the method of oriented isolation, the number of Lactobacillus bacteria in the subgroup of healthy people was determined to be (3,9 ± 1.2) x 103 CFU/g and in the group of diabetic patients was (2.7 ± 0.8) x 103 CFU/g. The study identified 17/68 selected Lactobacillus strains that were resistant to both Staphylococcus aureus ATCC13709 and Escherichia coli ATCC 11105. Moreover, these strains were also resistant to acid pH 2. Besides that, 16/17 strains tested were able to survive over 90% in 0.3% bile salt environment. Among the 17 strains studied, 3 strains of Lactobacillus 13, Lactobacillus 16, Lactobacillus 17 showed probiotic characteristics such as antibacterial ability, acid tolerance and bile salt tolerance. All three strains of Lactobacillus 13, Lactobacillus 16, and Lactobacillus 17 belong to species of Lactobacillus plantarum. This result makes a useful contribution to guide the application of Lactobacillus strain in creating dietary supplements for people with type 2 diabetes.
Study on the role of TDRD9 rs2273841 with male infertility of Vietnamese
Authors: Thuy Duong Nguyen , Duc Duy La , Thu Ha Duong
Published: June 2022

Male infertility is a complex disease caused by multiple factors, including genetic ones. Among genes involved in spermatogenesis, TDRD9 has been demonstrated to play an important role in piRNA synthesis, but no association study between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TDRD9 and male infertility has been conducted to date. Therefore, this study focused on establishing the relationship between SNP TDRD9 rs2273841 and male infertility. Total DNAs were isolated from 324 Vietnamese individuals comprising 164 non-obstructive azoospermic and oligozoospermic patients and 160 healthy controls having at least one child. Genotypes of this polymorphism were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Chi-Square test was used to test whether allele distribution of TDRD9 rs2273841 follows Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). Chi-Square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to check three models (additive, recessive, dominant) for the association of rs2273841 with male infertility. The results indicated that TDRD9 rs2273841 followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p-value > 0.05) in the control group. However, no association between the polymorphism and male infertility was established in all three models (additive, dominant, and recessive) (p-value > 0.05). This study would provide a basis for further studies on the association of TDRD9 with male infertility in the Vietnamese population.
Evaluation of nanosilver solution stability using UV-Vis spectral absorbency analysis and antibacterial activities on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Thi Trang Nguyen , Thi Thao Do , Thi Nga Nguyen , Thi Cuc Nguyen
Published: June 2022

Recently, the use of nanomaterials in industrial and technological applications for various fields is quickly growing. The “green” synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has received increasing attention due to the development of eco-friendly technologies. In our previous research, silver nanoparticles have been successfully prepared in gelatin (Ag/Gelatin sample), Gelatin/Chitosan (Ag/Gelatin/Chitosan sample) and chitosan (Ag/Chitosan sample) suspensions using a chemical reducing agent. For this purpose, biological grade gelatin and chitosan were used as reducing and stabilizing agents without special physical conditions. The most advantage of this work is using a renewable material like gelatin as a reducing factor, which is eco-friendly agent. However, one of the most important issues related to those nanofluids is their stability, and it remains as a big challenge to achieve desired applications in future. Thus, all obtained nanosilver samples were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and evaluated the stability of antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. The absorption spectra results of the samples, which were measured after storage for three months, illustrated that the absorption peaks of the silver nanoparticles in Ag/Gelatin and Ag/Chitosan had shifted slightly from 423 to 425 nm and 435 to 440 nm, respectively. Whereas, the absorption peak for the Ag/Gelatin/Chitosan remained the same at 423 nm. In addition, after storage for three months, Ag/Gelatin/Chitosan sample showed antibacterial activity better than the two remaining samples with the reduction of inhibition zones is insignificant at 21.5 ± 0.25 mm while testing on Escherichia coli and at 15.5 ± 0.25 mm on Staphylococus aureus. The results suggested that silver nanoparticles were prepared in Gelatin/Chitosan composition showing promising stability and antibacterial activity which are beneficial for various/diversed/further applications.
Att undervisa nyanlända ungdomar för att utveckla både ämneskunskaper och språk – en historielärares värderingar om sitt uppdrag
Authors: Rehman Karin , Juvonen Päivi
Published: June 2022

Att inkludera flerspråkiga elevers tidigare kunskaper i ämne och språk som värdefulla resurser i undervisningen stärker elevernas självkänsla och flerspråkiga identitet samt öppnar för ett aktivt deltagande, vilket i sin tur leder till ökat lärande. Iscensättandet av de policyer som styrdokumenten föreskriver, bland annat att undervisningen ska utgå från elevers individuella förutsättningar, genomförs av enskilda lärare. Dessa nyckelpersoners attityder till flerspråkighet påverkar deras agerande som pedagoger, vilket i dagens språkligt heterogena klassrum inbegriper den roll elevers språkliga resurser ges i undervisningen.

I denna studie undersöks de värderingar som framträder i intervjuer med en nyckelperson, en historielärare utan utbildning i flerspråkighet, som undervisar nyanlända elever på gymnasieskolans språkintroduktionsprogram. I fokus står värderingar om uppdraget att undervisa för elevers lärande i historieämnet och för deras språkutveckling, och om att utgå från elevers tidigare kunskaper och färdigheter i ämne och språk. I en kvantitativ appraisal-analys framträder en generellt positiv inställning till att aktivera elevers tidigare språk- och ämneskunskaper i undervisningen. En kvalitativ appraisal-analys avslöjar dock en mer komplex bild av verkligheten, där en delvis ambivalent hållning, brist på adekvat stöd och en reducering av språk i ämnet till ord och begrepp också framträder. Resultaten diskuteras utifrån ett inkluderande förhållningssätt och epistemisk rättvisa.
Análisis de la competitividad de los pequeños productores de cacao con fairtrade
Authors: Escobar-Quiñonez Edward Enrique , Ramírez Mutis Marisol , Pérez Ángel Luisa Fernanda
Published: June 2022

El fairtrade procura garantizar el precio justo a los pequeños productores por sus cosechas, de forma que trasciende mediante el estímulo al emprendimiento y el empoderamiento de estos, lo que contribuye a la implementación y la inversión de proyectos para mejorar en términos sociales, económicos y medioambientales. En este trabajo se hará un análisis de la competitividad de los pequeños productores de cacao con comercio justo en el entorno internacional y establecer si el proceso de certificación de los pequeños productores permite obtener los estándares necesarios para competir en el mercado del cacao internacional. En consecuencia, se hace evidente que el objetivo principal de este trabajo es determinar si los pequeños productores de cacao se ven beneficiados con esta práctica. Lo anterior seguirá la estructura de tres momentos. Primero, se aborda el fairtrade y sus características específicas con respecto a la comercialización del cacao con pequeños productores en Latinoamérica. Luego, se realiza una contextualización de las condiciones en las cuales se encuentran los productores de cacao en la actualidad y se analiza cómo la implementación del fairtrade les ha impactado. Finalmente, se analiza la competitividad en los productores con fairtrade y se buscan evidencias que permitan demostrar lo mencionado anteriormente.
Impact of capital structure on profitability in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan
Authors: Nemati Ali Raza , Majeed Afkar , Syed Mohsin Ali
Published: June 2022

The present study relates to the impact of capital structure on profitability and the study is focused on the fertilizer sector of Pakistan. The objective of this study is to examine whether the debt financing and equity financing used for financing operations have any impact on a company’s profitability in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan.Data of four large companies from the fertilizer sector of Pakistan representing about 89 percent of the market share is used for analysis. Data is collected from published Annual reports of these four companies. Data for eight years from 2002 to 2009 is used for analysis. SPSS is used for analyzing the data and linear regression is applied to generate the results. Regression analysis is used to analyze the relationship between capital structure and the profitability of a company. The output of regression analysis is created in the form of a scatter diagram and tables to interpret the results of the regression.Results suggest that there is no significant relationship between capital structure and profitability of a company in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan.  Results also show a significant relationship between current liabilities and the profitability of the company in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan.

JEL Classification Code: E22, G32, M49
Liderazgo coral en la política económica del primer Gobierno de Felipe González (1982-1986)
Authors: Jiménez-Díaz José Francisco
Published: June 2022

El artículo estudia el liderazgo económico en el primer mandato presidencial de Felipe González (1982-‍1986). Este ejerció como líder carismático e innovador rodeándose de un equipo económico de ministros jóvenes, de perfil elitista y técnico, así como con amplia formación universitaria. Los ministros y el presidente socialista lideraron profundas reformas de liberalización y modernización de la economía nacional para abordar la crisis económica e industrial. Algunas de dichas reformas se analizan a través de los métodos histórico y biográfico, considerando las perspectivas y relatos de los responsables económicos del primer Gobierno de González. Se muestra que las reformas económicas se realizaron bajo un liderazgo en equipo y coral entre el presidente González y sus ministros económicos, sobre todo Joaquín Almunia, Miguel Boyer y Carlos Solchaga. Tanto el presidente como los citados ministros se orientaron por un carácter pragmático y evitaron el socialismo clásico. Ello implicó abordar problemas económicos que quedaron pendientes en la Transición, y también incumplir varias promesas electorales hechas por el PSOE en las elecciones generales de 1982.
Nanotecnologias: a necessária comunicação internacional para além do estado
Authors: Berwig Juliane Altmann , Engelmann Wilson , Gouveia Jorge Cláudio De Bacelar
Published: June 2022

Objetiva-se neste estudo ressaltar a importância da avaliação dos riscos nanotecnológicos em âmbito nacional e internacional. Para tanto, parte-se da explanação do estudo dos riscos no ciclo de vida do produto, demonstrando-se assim as incertezas quanto a estes e, para tanto, confirmando a importância da união internacional no compartilhamento de informações para geri-los. A metodologia utilizada é a sistêmico-construtivista, possibilitando a observação sistema das nanotecnologias no Direito em cenário nacional e internacional. Ao final, conclui-se que os riscos nanotecnológicos são um problema global e por esta vertente devem ser repensados juridicamente.
What makes a difference in writing instruction when working with priority learners: An inquiry into effective teacher practice
Authors: Gadd Murray , Parr Judy M
Published: June 2022

This article, based on a 2-year study of working strategically with Years 5 to 8 priority learners, concludes that what is effective writing instruction for all students is particularly effective for priority learners. It also suggests, however, that knowing your students well and making adaptations to some dimensions of effective writing instruction—especially teachers’ strategic use of writing tasks and goals, direct and differentiated instruction, and instruction that promotes student self-regulation—is closely associated with stronger engagement, accelerated progress, and higher achievement in writing by priority learners. The article also provides many classroom-based practices used effectively by a range of teachers of priority learners.
New assessment developments in Aotearoa
Authors: Poskitt Jenny , Smaill Esther
Published: June 2022

Set's Assessment News first announced the launch of the New Zealand Assessment Institute (NZAI) 4 years ago, and this current article looks at how NZAI has progressed, highlighting its key publications and activities from 2021. This update should be of use to teachers and school leaders who want to explore assessment more deeply, gain practical tips, or hook into NZAI’s developments during 2022 and beyond.
Correlation of morphologic findings and apparent diffusion coefficient values with Ki-67 proliferation index in patients with glioblastoma
Authors: ÖNCÜ Süleyman , ŞERİFOĞLU İsmail , ARSLAN Fatma Zeynep , KARAGÜLLE Mehmet , ŞİMŞEK Samet , KAYA Gül Gizem , CİMİLLİ Ahmet Tan
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Glioblastoma is the most common primary neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS) and has a very poor prognosis. Ki-67 proliferative index is a value that reflects the mitotic index of the tumor and is associated with poor prognosis. The radiological features of the tumors can predict the course of the disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the morphology and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the tumor with the Ki-67 index on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods: Preoperative MRI images of 52 patients with pathological diagnosis of glioblastoma were evaluated retrospectively. A score ranging from 1 to 3 was assigned to each of the morphological features of the tumors (peritumoral edema, necrosis, contrasting pattern, heterogeneity, hemorrhage, mass effect, tumor contour irregularity), and was added up to obtain the total score. In addition, the ADC values of each tumor were measured at the workstation. ADC value and total score of each tumor, and Ki-67 values obtained histopathologically were compared.
Results: There was a negative correlation between Ki-67 index of tumors and ADC values (r=-0.895, p = 0.0001). A significant positive correlation was found between the morphological features of the tumors and their total scores (r=0.772, p = 0.0001). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between total score and ADC values (r=-0.780, p = 0.0001). Heterogeneity and necrosis were the features most closely associated with Ki-67. These were followed by mass effect, hemorrhage and contour irregularity, respectively.
Conclusions: The morphological findings and ADC values obtained from preoperative MRI are related to the Ki-67 value, and thus can be used to predict prognosis and guide treatment in the early period.
Magical mystery tour: The enigma of Indonesia education service during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Kurniawan Agung Widhi , Musa Muhammad Ichwan , Akbar Abdi , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Mustafa Muhammad Yushar , Haeruddin M. Ikhwan Maulana
Published: June 2022

The job competence and discipline are the important factors to improve the performance of individual who is attached with organization. However, few studies provide a better explanation in terms of the role of job competence and discipline in the education sector, especially the lecturers’ performance during COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This study applies the quantitative research methodology and has received 132 responded online questionnaires from the lecturers in Makassar area, Indonesia. This study finds that there is a significant relationship with a positive direction between job competence and discipline on the lecturers’ performance, and interestingly, the organization’s performance as well. The result of this study suggests that although the health crisis caused by the Corona virus recently impacts many sectors around the world, including service field in education, the lecturers, however, the job competence and discipline are still vital in every aspect of lecturers’ performance in both online and offline way during the social distancing procedure.      
 
Keywords: lecturer, education, job competence, job discipline, Covid-19;
The design of game-based learning and learning analytics
Authors: Mohd Ramli Izzat Syahir , Maat Siti Mistima , Khalid Fariza
Published: June 2022

Game-based learning has received increasing attention in recent years as it could help improve pupils’ motivation, self-efficacy, and achievement. Technological innovations like learning analytics (LA) and GBL offer pedagogical support for teachers. GBL  could significantly support pupils’ learning as a learning approach compared to conventional approaches. Therefore, there is a need to elevate “ teachers’ level of knowledge on the impact of GBL. In the meantime, LA could be used to collect, analyze, and report data on the impact of GBL on pupils’ learning performance. In this light, GBL applications have been developed to facilitate the use of LA for teaching and learning. This paper describes the design of GBL with LA integration for teaching mathematics in primary schools. It documents the construction of the GBL  and AL app, which is grounded on the Dick, Carey, and Carey Model and the theory of constructivism. In addition, the cognitive load theory was applied to ensure that the application accommodates pupils’ cognitive load. This study also validated the design of the GBL, and it was found to be relevant and engaging.

 

Keywords: Game-based learning, mathematics, analytics, technology, education