bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making Fun of Animals: Ontological Implications of Rituals and Taboos Observed in Geographically and Linguistically Discontinuous Regions of Southeast Asia and Southwestern China
Authors: Forth Gregory
Published: November 2022

Forty years ago Robert Blust published a comprehensive, comparative analysis of what he called the ‘thunder complex’. Found among linguistically and culturally diverse populations in the Philippines, Indonesia, and peninsular Malaysia, the complex comprises a series of taboos and rites that centre on a belief that certain actions involving a confusion of categories will bring about a punitive storm and the death of offenders in resulting floods, landslides, or lightning strikes. The most typical and widespread of such taboos concern making fun of animals—for example, by dressing them in human clothes, talking to them, or otherwise making them appear ridiculous and so causing people to laugh. The present paper has three objectives. First, I identify a series of rituals performed by adherents of the complex that involve deliberately breaking taboos on animal mockery in order to produce needed rain. Secondly, I introduce a ceremony performed by ethnic minorities in southwestern China for the same purpose. The ceremony has all the hallmarks of the thunder complex and coexists with taboos on making fun of animals. Finally, I discuss what the complex, found among otherwise culturally and linguistic diverse societies, implies for their ontology in regard to human‐animal relations.
Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania 2022 Conference Distinguished Lecture: Social Movement Sightseeing in Melanesia and Beyond
Authors: Lindstrom Lamont
Published: November 2022

Social movements often attract tourists in their wake. The Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania convened a successful annual meeting in Portland, Oregon, less than a year after passionate protests that attracted national attention in the United States. Concerned city boosters, in response, invited tourists to enjoy Portland's vibrant diversity. That same year, Tulsa (Oklahoma) commemorated a 1921 race massacre with a new museum and events that also invited tourist visits. This brings me to consider the consequences of increasing (pre‐Covid‐19) tourists on Tanna (Vanuatu). Island entrepreneurs have packaged Tanna's famed John Frum and Prince Philip movements to entice tourists. Touristic attention and resources, however, can spark dispute within local communities, commoditize bits of culture, and reframe island identity and self‐conception.
The Wagiman Landscape: Mental Maps and Prototypes
Authors: Harvey Mark
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the classification of the landscape, both biota and terrain, in Wagiman, a language of northern Australia. There is considerable debate as to the comparative roles of cognitive and cultural factors in the analysis of landscape terminologies. Any analysis of terminologies necessarily involves consideration of meaning. There are many approaches to the analysis of meaning and analysis of Wagiman landscape classification requires at least two approaches. One approach involves necessary and sufficient conditions for connotation, and the other involves prototypes. The comparative roles of cognitive and cultural factors vary depending upon the approach to meaning, with cognitive factors playing a greater role in connotation and cultural factors playing a greater role in prototypes. The current research literature on Australian languages examines behavioural and morphological oppositions, material make‐up, shape, size as cognitive factors and affordance and human usage as cultural factors. This paper provides evidence that there is another cultural factor which plays a central role in prototype classification, mental maps of the landscape involving zonal oppositions. Prototypes for many terms do not have an individuated reference but rather have an unindividuated reference to typical zones of occurrence.
Breadth and relevance of multivariable inquiry supports deep understanding of science practice
Authors: Lesperance Rosiane , Kuhn Deanna
Published: November 2022

The most important understanding science students should acquire is arguably an understanding of science as a way of knowing, one central to science but not specific to it. Students' own engagement in scientific inquiry and argument can support this developing understanding but does not guarantee it. We report the results of urban adolescents' participation in an extended intervention engaging them in guided inquiry and argument in exploring a multivariable database. Delayed posttest assessments with new content confirmed progress in developing the rich multivariable causal reasoning essential to science. Accompanying this progress was progress in understanding scientific practice, shown in the way students approached reconciling contrasting scientific claims, displaying understanding of when contrasting causal claims conflict with one another and require resolution and when they do not because they work together in a multivariable causal system. Such understanding is a prerequisite to the critical scientific endeavor of resolving diverging claims. Students showed greater benefits in these respects when the intervention activities involved content personally relevant to them and spanned more than one topic.
Cu‐Co Hybrid Crystals Assembled on Hollow Microsphere: Temperature‐Dependent Top‐Down Synthesis and Aggregation‐Induced Conversion from Microwave Shielding to Absorption
Authors: Jia Qianqian , An Zhenguo , Li Man , Liu Ran , Xiao Weixin , Zhang Jingjie
Published: November 2022

The construction of hollow metallic microspheres with rationally designed building blocks of the metal shell is a promising way to achieve low density and functionality control, but the microengineering of the metallic structures on a micrometer spherical surface is a great challenge. In the present work, a novel and simple calcination‐induced aggregation strategy is developed to realize the distribution status and microstructure control of Co‐Cu bimetal building blocks assembled on a hollow glass microsphere support, and thus a series of low‐density (0.58 g cm−3) dual shell composite hollow microspheres are constructed with gradient in electromagnetic property depending on the calcination temperature (CT). The optimized microwave shielding performance can be achieved at a CT of 500 °C, while further increasing CT to 700 °C leads to an interesting conversion from microwave shielding to absorption with an optimized effective absorption bandwidth of 4.64 GHz at a low matching thickness of 1.33 mm. The mechanism underlying the CT‐dependent metallic shell structure variation and further the decisive effect of the shell structure on the microwave response behavior are proposed based on a series of contrast experiments.
Regulating Zinc Nucleation Sites and Electric Field Distribution to Achieve High‐Performance Zinc Metal Anode via Surface Texturing
Authors: Wu Zhenrui , Zou Jian , Li Yihu , Hansen Evan J. , Sun Dan , Wang Haiyan , Wang Liping , Liu Jian
Published: November 2022

Understanding zinc (Zn) deposition behavior and improving Zn stripping and plating reversibility are significant in developing practical aqueous Zn ion batteries (AZIBs). Zn metal is abundant, cost‐effective, and intrinsically safe compared with Li. However, their similar inhomogeneous growth regime harms their practicality. This work reports a facile, easily scalable, but effective method to develop a textured Zn with unidirectional scratches on the surface that electrochemically achieves a high accumulated areal capacity of 5530 mAh cm−2 with homogenized Zn deposition. In symmetric cells, textured Zn presents a stable cycling performance of 1100 hours (vs 250 h of bare Zn) at 0.5 mA cm−2 for 0.5 mAh cm−2 and lower nucleation and plating overpotentials of 120.5 and 41.8 mV. In situ optical microscopy and COMSOL simulation disclose that the textured surface topography can 1) homogenize the electron field distribution on the Zn surface and regulate Zn nucleation and growth, and 2) provides physical space to accommodate Zn deposits, prevent the detachment of “dead” Zn, and improve the structural sufficiency of Zn anode. Moreover, differential electrochemical mass spectrometry analysis find that the textured Zn with regulated interfacial electron activity also presents a higher resistance toward hydrogen evolution and other parasitic reactions.
Light‐Induced Electric Field Enhanced Self‐Powered Photodetector Based on Van der Waals Heterojunctions
Authors: Shang Huiming , Gao Feng , Dai Mingjin , Hu YunXia , Wang Shuai , Xu Bo , Wang Peng , Gao Bo , Zhang Jia , Hu PingAn
Published: November 2022

Self‐powered photodetectors have attracted widespread attention due to their low power consumption which can be driven by the built‐in electric field instead of external power, but it is very difficult to achieve high responsivity and fast response speed concurrently. Here, a self‐powered photodetector with light‐induced electric field enhancement based on a 2D InSe/WSe2/SnS2 van der Waals heterojunction is designed. The light‐induced electric field derived from the photo‐generated electrons of SnS2 accumulated at the SnS2/WSe2 interface produces an additional negative gate voltage applied to the WSe2 layer, which enhances the built‐in electric field in the InSe/WSe2/SnS2 heterojunction. Accordingly, the photocurrent and photoresponse speed of the heterostructure device are largely improved. The self‐powered photodetector based on the InSe/WSe2/SnS2 heterostructure exhibits a high responsivity of 550 mA W−1, which is a 50 times increase compared to the InSe/WSe2 photodetector, and the response speed (110/120 µs) is one order of magnitude faster than that of the InSe/WSe2 photodetector. The high responsivity and fast speed are caused by the stronger built‐in electric field modulated by a light‐induced electric field, which can separate carriers effectively and reduce drift times. This device architecture can provide a new avenue to fabricate high‐responsivity, fast self‐power photodetectors by utilizing the van der Waals heterojunction.
Online 3D Characterization of Micrometer‐Sized Cuboidal Particles in Suspension
Authors: Binel Pietro , Jain Ankit , Jaeggi Anna , Biri Daniel , Rajagopalan Ashwin Kumar , deMello Andrew J. , Mazzotti Marco
Published: November 2022

Characterization of particle size and shape is central to the study of particulate matter in its broadest sense. Whilst 1D characterization defines the state of the art, the development of 2D and 3D characterization methods has attracted increasing attention, due to a common need to measure particle shape alongside size. Herein, ensembles of micrometer‐sized cuboidal particles are studied, for which reliable sizing techniques are currently missing. Such particles must be characterized using three orthogonal dimensions to completely describe their size and shape. To this end, the utility of an online and in‐flow multiprojection imaging tool coupled with machine learning is experimentally assessed. Central to this activity, a methodology is outlined to produce micrometer‐sized, non‐spherical analytical standards. Such analytical standards are fabricated using photolithography, and consist of monodisperse micro‐cuboidal particles of user‐defined size and shape. The aforementioned activities are addressed through an experimental framework that fabricates analytical standards and subsequently uses them to validate the performance of our multiprojection imaging tool. Significantly, it is shown that the same set of data collected for particle sizing can also be used to estimate particle orientation in flow, thus defining a rapid and robust protocol to investigate the behavior of dilute particle‐laden flows.
From nanomaterials to macromolecules: Innovative technologies for latent fingerprint development
Authors: Assis Alexandro M. L. , Costa Cristiane V. , Alves Meclycia S. , Melo Jeane C. S. , de Oliveira Vitória R. , Tonholo Josealdo , Hillman A. Robert , Ribeiro Adriana S.
Published: November 2022

The majority of conventional techniques for latent fingerprint enhancement are based on chemical reactions or interactions between the developer and fingermark residue components, providing contrast between the surface and the fingerprint ridges. However, these methods might be limited by factors associated with particle size, toxicity of the reagent, selectivity, or sensitivity, that may be circumvented by the synthetic design of innovative materials based on nanoparticles or macromolecular materials, such as conducting polymers, applied as latent fingerprint developers on different surfaces and conditions. Since the structural, optical and electronic properties of the material can be tailored by its molecular scale, the size control of the developer plays an important role to improve the interaction with the latent fingermark residue and/or the surface, enhancing the color contrast and the quality of the developed image (or dactylogram). Hence, creating new reagents and strategies to apply nano‐ and macromolecular scale materials as latent fingermark developers constitutes an exciting rapidly expanding area, generating a wealth of new materials that lead to forensic methodologies with enhanced performance. Recent progress in the application of such materials for development of latent fingermarks present on different surfaces and subject to complex circumstances will be discussed. This will focus on the main barriers to making nanoparticles and conducting polymers viable—and occasionally preferred—materials routinely used by forensic experts, and the potential advantages over conventional methodologies in the acquisition and analysis of crime scene evidence.

This article is categorized under:

Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Trace Evidence

Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Fingermarks and Other Marks

Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Emerging Technologies and Methods
Sustainable Mobility Through Knowledge Exchange and Collaborative Mapping of Cycling Infrastructure: SIGenBici in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: da Silveira Arruda Natália , González Zapata Hernán Darío , Navia Hermida Ana Maria
Published: November 2022

Sustainable mobility is a strategic tool that directly influences the fulfillment of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). We highlight the need to improve cycling as an urban transport option through our research in the city of Medellín (Colombia) and its Metropolitan Area. We present SIGenBici, a collaborative cycling infrastructure mapping project supported by the use of free and open-source software (FOSS) and the generation of open data. This work is aimed at contributing directly to SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities, and SDG 9: Industry, innovation, and infrastructure. We explain the project development process from the perspective of the mappers, a gender-sensitive approach, and community knowledge transfer. We conclude with reflections on what we have learned throughout this process and future expectations.
Open Data Addressing Challenges Associated with Informal Settlements in the Global South
Authors: Ruzindana Ernest , Gaspari Federica , Ntakobangize Erneste , Ponti Chiara , Biraghi Carlo Andrea , Kilsedar Candan Eylül , Tadi Massimo , Muindi Zacharia , Agenga Peter , Mugeha Laura
Published: November 2022

The United Nations estimates that 3 billion people living in urban contexts will need adequate and affordable housing by 2030. We urgently need alternative perspectives and methodologies for urban development that are environmentally sustainable and inclusive of the local community. This chapter illustrates the design and results of projects carried out by YouthMappers in Rwanda, Italy, and Kenya, focused on informal settlements in the Global South and the value of geospatial data for addressing SDG 1 No Poverty and SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities.
Wastesites.io: Mapping Solid Waste to Meet Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Blevins Chad , Karanja Elijah , Omojah Sharon , Chishala Chomba , Oniosun Temidayo Isaiah
Published: November 2022

The World Bank has conservatively estimated that 33% of global waste is managed in an environmentally unsafe way (Kaza et al. 2018). Waste generation could nearly double by 2050 with generation per capita expected to increase by 40% in low- and middle-income countries, many of which are growing at an unsustainable pace with limited resources dedicated to waste management. YouthMappers creating local geospatial data about sites of illegal trash dumping can play a key role in mitigating impacts and improving waste management, and in turn, impact public health. Several of the UN SDGs are supported by creating and sustaining a clean, healthy environment, particularly in this case, SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production and ultimately, SDG 3 Health. A novel tool, Wastesites.io, has been initiated to leverage youth action and connectivity of YouthMappers in order to solve these challenges together.
Mapping for Resilience: Extreme Heat Deaths and Mobile Homes in Arizona
Authors: Charley Elisha , Varfalameyeva Katsiaryna , Alsanad Abdulrahman , Solís Patricia
Published: November 2022

YouthMappers help discover hidden vulnerabilities to extreme heat in the face of a changing climate by mapping health outcomes compared to energy assistance. What emerged is a pattern of disproportionate deaths by housing type, necessitating innovations in tagging unique mobile home attributes in OpenStreetMap (OSM). The resulting community engagement generated solutions that stakeholders and residents of mobile homes can implement for greater resilience, and a model for connecting SDG 13 (Sustainable Development Goals) for climate action to SDG 3 good health and well-being by looking at the homes where people live.
Reflecting on the YouthMappers Movement
Authors: Anderson Jennings , Blevins Chad , Cowan Nuala , Carney-Nedelman Dara , Clark Courtney , Crino Michael , Engstrom Ryan , Hinton Richard , Mann Michael , McCusker Brent , Nealon Rory , Solís Patricia , Zeballos Marcela
Published: November 2022

YouthMappers co-founders and organizers reflect on the contributions narrated in this volume, and in a larger sense, the contributions of the more than 300 university campus chapters in more than 60 countries. These reflections provide a point of departure to imagine what’s next and “where to go from here.” We call for greater investment in youth, especially in majoritarian countries, as these contributions represent the dividend of previous investment in local capacity for the SDGs.
Molecular Imaging of the Human Emotion Circuit
Authors: Nummenmaa Lauri , Seppälä Kerttu , Putkinen Vesa
Published: November 2022

Emotions modulate behavioral priorities via central and peripheral nervous systems. Understanding emotions from the perspective of specific neurotransmitter systems is critical, because of the central role of affect in multiple psychopathologies and the role of specific neuroreceptor systems as corresponding drug targets. Here, we provide an integrative overview of molecular imaging studies that have targeted the human emotion circuit at the level of specific neuroreceptors and transmitters. We focus specifically on opioid, dopamine, and serotonin systems, given their key role in modulating motivation and emotions, and discuss how they contribute to both healthy and pathological emotions.
Clinical Neuroscience Meets Second-Person Neuropsychiatry
Authors: Schilbach Leonhard , Lahnakoski Juha M.
Published: November 2022

Disturbances of social and affective processes are at the core of psychiatric disorders. Together with genetic predisposing factors, deprivation of social contact and dysfunctional relationships during development are some of the most important contributors to psychiatric disorders over the lifetime, while some developmental disorders manifest as aberrant social behavior early in life. That the cause of mental illness is rooted in the brain was long held as a truism, yet finding the causes for and neurobiological correlates of these conditions in the brain has proven and continues to be difficult (Venkatasubramanian G, Keshavan MS, Ann Neurosci 23:3–5. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443549, 2016). In clinical practice, psychiatric disorders are diagnosed based on categorical manuals, such as the DSM and ICD, which form a useful guide for clinical diagnosis and interventions. Yet, understanding the specific neural mechanisms leading to or characterizing distinct psychiatric conditions through this categorical approach has been slow (see, for example, Lynch CJ, Gunning FM, Liston C, Biol Psychiatry 88:83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.012, 2020). Findings in the brain often do not seem to lend support to common mechanisms for the defined disorder categories. This is not particularly surprising because, in these diagnostic manuals, multiple combinations of symptoms can often lead to the same diagnosis, which is reflected in highly variable phenotypes of psychiatric disorders.
The Time Has Come to Be Mindwanderful: Mind Wandering and the Intuitive Psychology Mode
Authors: Gonçalves Óscar F. , da Silva Mariana Rachel Dias
Published: November 2022

No matter how hard you try—pinching different parts of your body, slapping your face, or moving restlessly in your seat—you cannot prevent your mind from occasionally escaping from the present experience as you enter into a mental navigation mode. Sometimes spontaneously, others deliberately, your mind may move to a different time—you may see yourself running an experiment inspired by the chapter you just finished reading or you may imagine yourself on a quantum leap into the future as you fantasize about the delivery of your Nobel Prize acceptance speech. Your mind may move to a distinct space, for example, as you replay last weekend’s party or anticipate a most desirable date, and may even venture into the mind of another (e.g., as you embody the mind of the author you are currently reading). Our minds can accomplish all this mental navigation in fractions of a second, allowing us to see ourselves or even impersonate different people across space and time. While teleportation and time travel may never be physically possible, our wandering minds are indeed very accomplished “time machines” (Suddendorf T, Corballis MC, Behav Brain Sci 30(3), 2007).
Calcification of the visceral aorta and celiac trunk is associated with renal and allograft outcomes after deceased donor liver transplantation
Authors: Siepmann Robert , Bruners Philipp , Lang Sven Arke , Bednarsch Jan , Amygdalos Iakovos , Joechle Katharina , Pedersoli Federico , Keil Sebastian , Isfort Peter , Ulmer Tom Florian , Kuhl Christiane , Neumann Ulf Peter , Meister Franziska Alexandra , Czigany Zoltan
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Atherosclerosis affects clinical outcomes in the setting of major surgery. Here we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of visceral aortic (VAC), extended visceral aortic (VAC+), and celiac artery calcification (CAC) in the assessment of short- and long-term outcomes following deceased donor orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in a western European cohort.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the data of 281 consecutive recipients who underwent OLT at a German university medical center (05/2010–03/2020). The parameters VAC, VAC+, or CAC were evaluated by preoperative computed tomography-based calcium quantification according to the Agatston score.

Results

Significant VAC or CAC were associated with impaired postoperative renal function (p = 0.0016; p = 0.0211). Patients with VAC suffered more frequently from early allograft dysfunction (EAD) (38 vs 26%, p = 0.031), while CAC was associated with higher estimated procedural costs (p = 0.049). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, VAC was identified as an independent predictor of EAD (2.387 OR, 1.290–4.418 CI, p = 0.006). Concerning long-term graft and patient survival, no significant difference was found, even though patients with calcification showed a tendency towards lower 5-year survival compared to those without (VAC: 65 vs 73%, p = 0.217; CAC: 52 vs 72%, p = 0.105). VAC+ failed to provide an additional prognostic value compared to VAC.

Conclusion

This is the first clinical report to show the prognostic role of VAC/CAC in the setting of deceased donor OLT with a particular value in the perioperative phase. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings.

Graphical abstract

CT computed tomography, OLT orthotopic liver transplantation
Treatment options for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis virus infection following sorafenib failure
Authors: Li Xiaomi , Ding Xiaoyan , Li Wei , Chen Jinglong
Published: November 2022

Background

Currently, there are a few treatment options for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after progression following sorafenib (SOR) therapy, but with limited benefit. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as second-line treatment.

Methods

From May 2018 to May 2021, a total of 93 HCCs who failed SOR treatment were included in this study and divided into TKI group (n = 37) and TKI-ICI group (n = 56). Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety were estimated among the two groups. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed for OS and PFS to identify possible prognostic factors.

Results

With a median follow-up time of 13.7 months, the median age of patients was 56 (range, 50–64) years and most were male. All of the patients were hepatitis virus-related HCC. Both median OS (7.63 months vs 19.23 months, P < 0.001) and median PFS (2.97 months vs 8.63 months, P < 0.001) were significantly improved in the TKI-ICI group compared to the TKI group. A significant increase in DCR was demonstrated in the TKI-ICI group compared to the TKI group (83.9% vs 45.9%, P = 0.0003), although no significant difference in ORR was reported (21.4% vs 8.1%, P = 0.1552). Multivariate Cox regression analysis of OS and PFS revealed that second-line regimen was an independent protective factor affecting death and progression in HCCs after SOR failure. In addition, Child–Pugh B7 was an independent risk factor of OS. Finally, there was no significant difference in the incidence of any grade or grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) between the two groups, and no treatment-related deaths were observed.

Conclusion

This real-world study suggests that the combination of TKIs and ICIs benefits more than mono-TKIs and is well tolerated in HCCs with hepatitis virus infection after SOR failure.
Nonlinear pricing, biased consumers, and regulatory policy
Authors: Ho Phuong
Published: November 2022

Recent empirical analyses show consumers in electricity and water markets respond to average price rather than marginal price, calling for information provision policies that help correct the consumers’ bias. This paper characterizes the regulated tariff if the regulator is informed about the average-price response of consumers. I find the regulated tariff for biased consumers promotes equity gains by featuring quantity premia and providing access to utility consumption for a larger population than in the world of rational consumers. The world of biased consumers can also yield higher total welfare. These results bring up the opportunity costs of the information provision programs that help consumers correct the bias.
Bond strength between temporary 3D printable resin and conventional resin composite: influence of cleaning methods and air-abrasion parameters
Authors: Lankes Valerie , Reymus Marcel , Liebermann Anja , Stawarczyk Bogna
Published: November 2022

Objectives

The influence of different cleaning methods, air-abrasion parameters, and aging on shear bond strength (SBS) and tensile bond strength (TBS) of 3D resin luted to composite resin.

Materials and methods

Nine hundred resin substrates were 3D printed (D20II, Rapid Shape) and cleaned with either isopropanol (ISO), butyldiglycol-based solution (BUT), or centrifugation (CEN). After 24-h storage in 37 °C water, specimens were air-abraded (mean particle size 50 µm; n = 60) with either alumina at 0.1 MPa (AL0.1) or 0.4 MPa (AL0.4) and glass pearls at 0.1 MPa (GP0.1) and 0.4 MPa (GP0.4) or conditioned with visio.link (control) and luted with PanaviaV5. Initially (24 h, 37 °C water storage) or after aging (10,000 thermal cycles), SBS and TBS were measured, and fracture types were examined. Surface free energy (SFE) and roughness (Ra) were determined after air-abrasion. Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Kruskal–Wallis H, Mann–Whitney U, chi-square, and partial eta-squared were computed.

Results

SBS measurements presented higher values than TBS (p < 0.001–0.033). Within the pretreatment groups, CEN showed the highest SBS and TBS values compared to cleaning with ISO or BUT (p < 0.001–0.040). Pretreatment with GP0.1 displayed the lowest bond strength values (p < 0.001–0.049), and mostly adhesive fractures occurred. The highest Ra values (p < 0.001) were observed for AL0.4 pretreatment.

Conclusions

Pretreatment with AL0.4 and the control group mainly presented the highest bond strength values. Thermocycling had a positive effect on the bond strength.

Clinical relevance

According to this study, 3D-printed restorations should be pretreated with AL0.4 or with visio.link before adhesive luting, regardless of their cleaning.
A method for digital business ecosystem design: situational method engineering in an action research project
Authors: Tsai Chen Hsi , Zdravkovic Jelena , Söder Fredrik
Published: November 2022

Digital business ecosystem (DBE) is a paradigm that enables developing and monitoring novel business models of collaborating organisations and individuals using ICT as the foundation. Different from traditional online networked models such as manufacturer, retailer, or franchise centred, using a shared digital environment, DBE fosters heterogeneity, symbiosis, coevolution, and self-organisation of its multiple actors, which enables it to span different business domains as well as exhibits diverse interests. For many organisations and individuals, DBE presents a new collaborative approach to leverage offered and desired resources among the involved members to meet each of their goals. As such, it is foreseen to be of high value to the involved actors, but at the same time, it is often complex due to many correlated interactions of these actors and thus difficult to design and manage. Furthermore, the current state of the art shows a lack of methodological guidance for DBE design. We propose a method for DBE design that follows the requirements collected from industry experts and practitioners by applying situational method engineering to enable its modularised design. The method for design is validated by action research in the setting of Digital Vaccine, a Swedish DBE managing health-related services.
First Report on Colletotrichum sansevieriae Causing Anthracnose of Sansevieria trifasciata in Germany
Authors: Brand Thomas , Wichura Alexandra
Published: November 2022

Sansevieria species are valued in Europe as potted houseplants because of their modest maintenance requirements and low susceptibility to diseases and pests. Water-soaked leaf spots that eventually coalesced into large, drying lesions were observed on Sansevieria trifasciata freshly imported from Costa Rica. A Colletotrichum was isolated from the fungal fruiting bodies that developed on these necroses. It was confidently determined to be C. sansevieriae based on the host plant and microbiological as well as molecular biology test results. This is the first detection of C. sansevieriae in Germany.
Significance of C-reactive protein in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Liang-Fonseca Jian , Geissler Klaus
Published: November 2022

In a retrospective study, we analyzed the prevalence of elevated C‑reactive protein (CRP) serum levels in 148 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), their potential prognostic impact, and potential correlations with laboratory features. Normal, up to 10-fold, and more than 10-fold elevated CRP levels were found in 18%, 59%, and 23% of CMML patients, respectively. Using the CRP cutoff value of 10 mg/L of the widely used Glasgow score, high CRP values were associated with inferior survival (13 vs. 39 months, p = 0.014), which retained prognostic significance in multivariate analysis. High CRP values were associated with lower hemoglobin levels. The survival difference between patients with normal (< 5 mg/L) and elevated CRP levels persisted after exclusion of patients with clinical infection. These findings indicate that in CMML patients, the presence of an acute-phase reaction is associated with a poor outcome, independent of clinical infection.
Correlation between OCT-angiography and photopic negative response in patients with primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Tabl Ahmed Abdelshafy , Tabl Marwa Abdelshafy
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To evaluate the association between OCT-angiography (OCTA) and photopic negative response (PhNR) in open angle glaucoma (OAG) patients and assess the diagnostic accuracy of these parameters in early detection of glaucoma.

Methods

A total of 152 eyes were enrolled in this study, 28 eyes with mild POAG (group I), 44 eyes with moderate-severe POAG (group 2) & 80 eyes of healthy subjects (control group). Full ophthalmological examination, OCTA and PhNR measurements were underwent for all participants. RNFL, GCC thicknesses, PhNR (implicit time and amplitude) were recorded. The superficial and deep capillary plexus vessel density (SCP-VD%, DCP-VD%) were measured by using 6 × 6 mm macula OCTA scans. The peripapillary vessel density (RPC-VD %) were measured by using 4.5 × 4.5 mm optic disk head OCTA scans.

Results

There were reduction of the median Interquartile range (IQR) thickness of the GCC and RNFL in OAG eyes versus normal (P < 0.001). RPC-VD%, SCP-VD % and DCP-VD% were significantly reduced in OAG eyes versus normal (P < 0.001). Increased OAG severity was associated with more reduction in PhNR amplitude and increased implicit time. Reduced PhNR amplitude and prolonged latency were significantly correlated with reduced vascular parameters. The RCP-VD and PhNR amplitude demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy (98.7) with the largest AUC and higher sensitivity and specificity (100% & 98.7%, respectively), followed by the PhNR implicit time with (AUC = 0.995) with a diagnostic accuracy 98.7. The SCP-VD, RNFL and GCC thickness had a diagnostic accuracy of (75.0, 81.6 & 84.2), respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

OCTA vascular parameters displayed significant positive correlation with PhNR amplitude and significant negative correlation with PhNR implicit time. OCTA and PhNR parameters showed a high diagnostic accuracy for detection of glaucoma, and both may provide promising insight in early detection of glaucoma.

This study was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier, NCT05104294).
Delayed inputs of hot 137Cs and 241Am particles from Chernobyl to sediments from three Finnish lakes: implications for sediment dating
Authors: Appleby Peter G. , Piliposyan Gor , Weckström Jan , Piliposian Gayane
Published: November 2022

Anomalous peaks in the 137Cs and 241Am records from three lake sediment cores from southern Finland appear to be due to the presence of micron-size hot radioactive particles, almost certainly originating in fallout from the 1986 Chernobyl accident. Since the imbedding sediments all post-date 1986 by several decades, it appears that they were initially deposited on the catchments of these lakes and transported to the lakes some years later. The activities of the particles were determined using a sequential splitting process. Two of the particles were found to contain 137Cs with activities of 64 ± 4 mBq and 266 ± 15 mBq respectively. The third contained 241Am with an activity of 17 ± 2 mBq, but no evidence of significant amounts of 137Cs. The delayed input of such particles into the sedimentary records highlights the need for care in using 137Cs or 241Am as chronostratigraphic markers in areas subject to significant levels of contamination from Chernobyl fallout.
(−)-Guaiol triggers immunogenic cell death and inhibits tumor growth in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Xiaohui , Yang Junling , Gu Xiaoxia , Tao Yuhua , Ji Hongjuan , Miao Xian , Shen Shuijie , Zang Haiyang
Published: November 2022

(−)-Guaiol is a sesquiterpenoid found in many traditional Chinese medicines with potent antitumor activity. However, its therapeutic effect and mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been fully elucidated. In this study, (−)-Guaiol was found to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in NSCLC in vitro. Using (−)-Guaiol in vivo, we found that (−)-Guaiol could suppress tumor growth, increase dendritic cell activation, and enhance T-cell infiltration. Vaccination experiments suggest that cellular immunoprophylaxis after (−)-Guaiol intervention can suppress tumor growth. Previous studies have found that (−)-Guaiol induces apoptosis and autophagy in NSCLC. Apoptosis and autophagy are closely related to ICD. To explore whether autophagy and apoptosis are involved in (−)-Guaiol-induced ICD, we used inhibitors of apoptosis and autophagy. The results showed that the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) was partly reversed after inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy. In conclusion, these results suggested that the (−)-Guaiol triggers immunogenic cell death and inhibits tumor growth in NSCLC.
An efficient hybrid stock trend prediction system during COVID-19 pandemic based on stacked-LSTM and news sentiment analysis
Authors: Sharaf Marwa , Hemdan Ezz El-Din , El-Sayed Ayman , El-Bahnasawy Nirmeen A.
Published: November 2022

The coronavirus is an irresistible virus that generally influences the respiratory framework. It has an effective impact on the global economy specifically, on the financial movement of stock markets. Recently, an accurate stock market prediction has been of great interest to investors. A sudden change in the stock movement due to COVID -19 appearance causes some problems for investors. From this point, we propose an efficient system that applies sentiment analysis of COVID-19 news and articles to extract the final impact of COVID-19 on the financial stock market. In this paper, we propose a stock market prediction system that extracts the stock movement with the COVID spread. It is important to predict the effect of these diseases on the economy to be ready for any disease change and protect our economy. In this paper, we apply sentimental analysis to stock news headlines to predict the daily future trend of stock in the COVID-19 period. Also, we use machine learning classifiers to predict the final impact of COVID-19 on some stocks such as TSLA, AMZ, and GOOG stock. For improving the performance and quality of future trend predictions, feature selection and spam tweet reduction are performed on the data sets. Finally, our proposed system is a hybrid system that applies text mining on social media data mining on the historical stock dataset to improve the whole prediction performance. The proposed system predicts stock movement for TSLA, AMZ, and GOOG with average prediction accuracy of 90%, 91.6%, and 92.3% respectively.
Advancing the practice of regional transportation equity analysis: a San Francisco bay area case study
Authors: Bills Tierra S.
Published: November 2022

As the transportation industry continues to evolve, it is urgent that we develop and implement methods for clearly evaluating the range of transportation engineering, planning, and policy impacts experienced by various population segments. While theories of transportation equity have advanced over the past decade, such advancements outpace existing methods for evaluating the fairness of large-scale transportation investments for disadvantaged communities. In this study, a regional activity-based travel model for the Bay Area, California is used to perform an equity analysis of two of the region’s transportation and land-use planning scenarios. Equity outcomes are tested relative to three equity standards: Equality, Proportionality, and Rawlsian justice. The primary objective is to demonstrate the usefulness of a full-scale activity-based travel model for regional transportation equity analysis. We demonstrate that fine-grained distributional measures play an important role in examining the individual and household-level impacts of regional transportation scenarios, and can complement existing Environmental Justice assessments and equity analyses by helping to explain underlying reasons for average group impacts. Distributional measures can further reveal harmful cases when disadvantaged groups are most likely to experience the disbenefits of the transportation scenarios. Yet, each type of measures in isolation does not tell the complete story of which planning scenario is likely to deliver more equitable outcomes. Finally, we demonstrate the significance of applying equity standards for ranking planning scenarios, and we find that the ranking of scenarios will vary according to the equity standard, as well as how associated evaluation criteria are defined.
Fasting during cancer treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Drexler U. , Dörfler J. , von Grundherr J. , Erickson N. , Hübner J.
Published: November 2022

Background

Clinical data on the modern topic fasting among cancer patients are rare. This review aimed to summarise published clinical data on fasting and its effects on patients undergoing chemotherapy and therefore to give some directions in advising patients with the desire to fast.

Method

A systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsychInfo, CINAHL and Medline) to find studies concerning the use, effectiveness and potential harm of fasting during therapy on cancer patients. The main endpoints were quality of life, side effects and toxicities of the fasting intervention.

Results

The search results totaled 3983 hits. After systematic sorting according to standardised pre-defined criteria, nine publications which covered eight studies with 379 patients were included in this systematic review. The majority of the patients included were diagnosed with breast- and gynaecological cancers. Fasting duration and timepoints ranged significantly (24–140 h before, and on the day of, chemotherapy to 56 h after chemotherapy). In one study patients were fasting before cancer surgery. The studies were mostly low to moderate quality and reported heterogeneous results. Overall, the studies were insufficiently powered to detect significant effects on the predefined endpoints.

Conclusion

Fasting for short periods does not have any beneficial effect on the quality of life of cancer patients during treatment. Evidence on fasting regimes reducing side effects and toxicities of chemotherapy is missing. In contrast, as the negative effects of unintentional weight loss are known to impact clinical outcomes severely, fasting is not indicated in this context.
Divine Darkness and Legal Darkness: Apophasis, Cataphasis and the Making of Legal Cultures of the First Millennium
Authors: Markov Simlen , White Rebecca , Petkoff Peter
Published: November 2022

The article explores the long lost synthesis between apophatic and cataphatic theological strategies and early legal systematizations which shaped the Christian, Jewish and Islamic legal collections in the twelfth century. It argues that the theological possibilities to achieve Divine knowledge have reached out to all normative forms of human existence including law. It focuses specifically on a Christian context where imagining the law involves complex scales of cataphasis and apophasis and parallels other normative forms such as ritual and ascetic practices. The text only hints that parallel trends appear via very different routes but in a very similar ways in the Jewish and the Islamic legal projects and proposes that a comparative interreligious study of the twelfth century legal collections and their hermeneutic strategies is long overdue and critically important.
Together We Can Grow: Resourcing the Commons Through Pathways to Wellbeing
Authors: Wirawan Rudolf , McIntyre-Mills Janet J. , Makaulule Mphatheleni , Lethole Patricia Vhahangwele , Pitsoane Enid , Arko-Achemfuor Akwasi , Romm Norma R. A.
Published: November 2022

This paper discusses transformative research in a community of practice, it is written in the form of a metalogue on our progress to date This iterative dialogue based on face to face meetings and regular virtual meetings. Together we illustrate and map the journey of developing the pathways to wellbeing software into story pathways to support a green circular economy. The metalogue enables weaving together the experiences and diverse ways of knowing whilst we explore the environment of a problem together we builds on the work of Gregory Bateson and his daughter Nora Bateson as well as the wisdom of Indigenous sages and scholars who emphasise the importance of strengthening relationships (in our fields of influence) as the route to human and more than human wellbeing. The research paper is one of several papers which will explore ways to enable participatory design and decision making through an online community of practice. Our “boundary” that we are setting in the paper focused around the building of relationships in which we are involved and which we are expanding (through a myriad of connections and networks) to build circular economic practices in Venda, specifically in relation to protecting sacred sites and being responsive to Mupo. The first author has a website https://www.wirasoftfoundtion.org/en_GB/web/biac-sig/home on which some ideas on circular economies are expressed. Our hope is that the small pilot can be used to demonstrate a way in which community education can be linked with social enterprises that support earning and learning together in ways that foster social and environmental justice.
Dynamics and Evolution of Venus’ Mantle Through Time
Authors: Rolf Tobias , Weller Matt , Gülcher Anna , Byrne Paul , O’Rourke Joseph G. , Herrick Robert , Bjonnes Evan , Davaille Anne , Ghail Richard , Gillmann Cedric , Plesa Ana-Catalina , Smrekar Suzanne
Published: November 2022

The dynamics and evolution of Venus’ mantle are of first-order relevance for the origin and modification of the tectonic and volcanic structures we observe on Venus today. Solid-state convection in the mantle induces stresses into the lithosphere and crust that drive deformation leading to tectonic signatures. Thermal coupling of the mantle with the atmosphere and the core leads to a distinct structure with substantial lateral heterogeneity, thermally and compositionally. These processes ultimately shape Venus’ tectonic regime and provide the framework to interpret surface observations made on Venus, such as gravity and topography. Tectonic and convective processes are continuously changing through geological time, largely driven by the long-term thermal and compositional evolution of Venus’ mantle. To date, no consensus has been reached on the geodynamic regime Venus’ mantle is presently in, mostly because observational data remains fragmentary. In contrast to Earth, Venus’ mantle does not support the existence of continuous plate tectonics on its surface. However, the planet’s surface signature substantially deviates from those of tectonically largely inactive bodies, such as Mars, Mercury, or the Moon. This work reviews the current state of knowledge of Venus’ mantle dynamics and evolution through time, focussing on a dynamic system perspective. Available observations to constrain the deep interior are evaluated and their insufficiency to pin down Venus’ evolutionary path is emphasised. Future missions will likely revive the discussion of these open issues and boost our current understanding by filling current data gaps; some promising avenues are discussed in this chapter.