bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Disease Long-Term Care Risk Prediction by Claims Data Analysis Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sourabh Pawar, Pranav More  , Tejas Pawar  , Prof. Priti Rathod
Published: April 2024

Heart complaint is a major global health concern, especially in prognosticating cardiovascular issues. Machine literacy (ML) and the Internet of effects (IoT) offer new ways to dissect healthcare data. still, current exploration lacks depth in using ML for heart complaint vaticination. To fill this gap, we propose a unique system that uses ML to identify crucial features for better heart complaint vaticination delicacy. Our model combines colorful features and bracket ways to achieve an delicacy of 88.7 in prognosticating heart complaint, with the cold-blooded arbitrary timber and direct model (HRFLM) proving particularly effective. This study advances heart complaint discovery by integrating ML and IoT technologies.
Divergent Techniques of Attendance Management
Authors: Prapti V. Kallawar  , Dr. Suresh S. Asole
Published: April 2024

In order to keep record of students or employees, tracking their presence and absence is important. This is done by attendance management system. Maintaining attendance record manually is not at all a feasible task and this also leads to human errors, consumes more time, increases administrative burden, it is also insecure, etc. To overcome with these issues various Attendance Management Systems are developed based on recent technological advancements. This paper gives a brief overview of diverse methods for tracking attendance.
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Related Genes and Immune Infiltration in Diabetic Foot Ulcers by Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Verification
Authors: Liang Xiajun , Song Xiaona , Xu Lei , Qin Chenghe
Published: April 2024

The study aims to investigate the correlation between diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), as well as to identify potential biomarkers. Gene microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was employed in this research. The GSE134431 and GSE80178 datasets were obtained for bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed genes, which were then cross-referenced with a curated database of genes associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Next, the specificity of these potential genes for the disease was determined via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) regression were used to identify potential key genes. Additionally, the MCPcounter algorithm was utilized to evaluate the immune infiltration and analyze the relationship between core genes and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, the levels of expression of these candidate genes were verified by RT-qPCR. Four core genes (CXCL8, S100A12, CXCL12, S100A9) were identified through ROC and Lasso regression analyses. Moreover, individuals suffering from diabetic foot disease exhibited decreased expression levels of T cells, CD8 T cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes, NK cells, fibroblasts, and myeloid dendritic cells; In contrast, monocytes and neutrophils exhibited elevated expression levels. The expression levels of CXCL12 and CXCL8 were positively linked to a wide range of immune and endothelial cells, whereas S100A12 and S100A9 showed distinct correlation patterns with specific immune cell types. qPCR analysis showed increased expression of CXCL8 and CXCL12 as the levels of glucose increased in vitro experimental hyperglycemia. In conclusion, the intricate interplay among genes and immune cell types suggests that DFU and NETs hold potential as valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions, thereby enhancing their clinical meanings.
Lapo Tuak as A Social Interaction Arena in The Batak Community of Toba: Descriptive Study of Lapo Tuak in Belang Malum Village, Sidikalang City
Authors: Angkat Lolo Romianna
Published: April 2024

Lapo tuak is a place used for social interaction and gathering. Lapo tuak is synonymouswith the Batak community, especially the Toba Batak community. The Toba Batak ethniccommunity likes to gather while eating together, and in the end it becomes an event for discussion.For most Toba Batak people, lapo tuak is really a place to communicate, let go of longing, a place tomake appointments and it can also be a place to solve problems regardless of social status.Through this research, the researcher wanted to see how the forms of social interaction that tookplace in the tuak lapo and how the behavior of the lapo tuak visitors in the village of BelangMalum. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The result of this research isthat lapo tuak is a public space that can be used as a place for social interaction. This thesis alsodescribes the forms of social interaction that occur in lapo tuak including cooperation, competition,conflict and accommodation that can occur at certain times and each form of interaction can be inthe form of interactions between individuals and individuals, individuals with groups, and groupswith the group.
K-POP Immitation On Male Fans (Fanboy) In Medan City
Authors: Asrina Sefryenni
Published: April 2024

K-Pop shows its existence in the entertainment world. The development is increasingly fast, giving rise to new phenomena that are no less interesting among fans. This research focuses on the imitation done by fanboys and how the masculinity construction is formed based on the imitation results of fanboys. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of the research obtained are the various forms of imitation performed by fanboys. Starting from the style of clothing that is considered to be updated, the personality of an idol who is warm and friendly to others, the attitude of an idol who is a role model for fanboys to follow, language, culture to the role of the idol's position in the group such as the role of a leader. This research also shows a shift in the value of traditional masculinity to modern masculinity, also known as soft masculinity, in which men care about their physical appearance, have flexible body movements in the field of dance, and have a gentle attitude towards others. Based on this, fanboys are included in the flower boys and pretty boys categories.
Social Solidarity Patterns of Papua Migrant Students at The Universitas Sumatera Utara
Authors: Tantirah Ema
Published: April 2024

Solidarity is something that is really needed by a society. Strong solidarity can be found among migrant students from Papua at the University of North Sumatra. Researchers are interested in seeing the background of students from Papua forming groups. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative methods. Determination of informants using purposive sampling techniques. The results of this study concluded that migrant students from Papua at the University of North Sumatra formed an Medan-level organization called the Papuan Student Association (IMP) for the awareness that it was part of the group, had many similarities, and their internal and external needs - each group member. The pattern of solidarity of migrant students from Papua is mechanical solidarity, with the form of gemeinschaft, where it is a habit (folkways) which is passed down from seniors to juniors. The supporting factor for the strong solidarity of Papuan students as a group is the large number of similarities and the closeness of their homes. An inhibiting factor for the solidarity of migrant students from Papua as a group was inactive members and misunderstanding.
Corruption Traps in State Apparatus
Authors: M. Saleh Sjafei
Published: April 2024

Corruption is a classic problem that exists in various countries in the world, including Indonesia. Acts of corruption in Indonesia are often carried out by state officials. This is evidenced by MaTA's analysis that in as many as 157 out of 293 corruption cases in the Banda Aceh region, state officials were involved. Corruption is carried out to enrich oneself even though there is no justification for such criminal acts. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was done through observation, interviews, literature study, and analysis. In this paper, it can be concluded that corruption is an act of abuse of power by officials for the purpose of enriching themselves. Corruption in Indonesia is mostly committed by state officials/corruption in any form such as extortion, fraud, trade, embezzlement, and so on, all of which are actions that cannot be tolerated. Fraud and corruption are not only undesirable, illegal, or abusive. All of these are violations of moral values that have earned fraud and corrupt practices the nicknames: "immoral" or "unethical". Corruption in Indonesia is mostly committed by state officials/corruption in any form such as extortion, fraud, trade, embezzlement, and so on, all of which are actions that cannot be tolerated. Fraud and corruption are not only undesirable, illegal, or abusive. All of these are violations of moral values that have earned fraud and corrupt practices the nicknames: "immoral" or "unethical".
ANCA-associated interstitial lung disease and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features
Authors: Skvortsov A. , Akulkina L. , Novikov P. , Bulanov N. , Moiseev S.
Published: April 2024

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a recognized manifestation of ANCA-associated vasculitis. In addition, patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and ANCA positivity but without other manifestations of systemic vasculitis (ANCA-ILD) have also been reported.
Pengaruh Korean Wave, Kesadaran Halal, Dan Harga Terhadap Daya Beli Korean Food Di Kota Jambi
Authors: Rahma Sri , Yusuf Maulana , Astuti Amanda Febri
Published: April 2024

Globalisasi telah menghilangkan batasan-batasan antar negara sehingga antar negara dapat saling berhubungan dengan mudah dan saling mempengaruhi. Masuknya Korean food merupakan pengaruh dari globalisasi yang banyak digemari sehingga dapat mempengaruhi daya beli seseorang. Pada saat ini di Indonesia produk-produk Korean food yang beredar semakin banyak dan beragam, mulai dari produk instan yang di impor langsung dari Korea maupun produk local yang dibuat menyerupai produk Korean food. Di Kota Jambi, eksistensi produk Korean food dapat dilihat melalui bertambahnya jumlah tempat-tempat makan yang menjual produk-produk Korean food. Tujuannya ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Korean wave, kesadaran halal dan harga terhadap daya beli Korean food di Kota Jambi dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Adapun sampel berjumlah 100 orang menggunakan teknik non probability sampling yaitu accidental sampling. Dalam proses pengumpulan data dilakukan penyebaran kuesioner dengan beberapa pertanyaan yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS v23. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Setelah dilakukan analisis data, variabel-variabel dalam penelitian ini valid dan reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah didapatkan Korean Wave, dan harga memiliki pengaruh terhadap daya beli, pada variabel Korean wave memiliki nilai signifikansi sebesar (0,000 < 0,05) dan pada variabel harga dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar (0,00 < 0,05) yang artinya memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Sedangkan pada hasil penelitian variabel kesadaran halal tidak berpengaruh terhadap daya beli dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar (0,923 > 0,05).
Pengaruh Return on Asset (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), dan Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) Terhadap Harga Saham Pada PT Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN) Periode 2013-2022
Authors: Bayu Yudistira  , Dedi Supiyadi
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian adalah untuk memastikan apakah variabel yang diteliti memegang pengaruh yang relevan terhadap harga saham baik secara negatif maupun positif pada PT Bank Tabungan Negara Tbk, dengan menambahkan lebih banyak sampel dengan masalah yang terjadi dalam beberapa tahun kebelakang. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik kuantitatif dengan prosedur verifikasi dan deskripsi untuk menganalisis pengaruh antar variabel melalui perhitungan statistik. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dari laporan keuangan tahunan PT Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN) periode 2013-2022 sebagai populasi. Kriteria inklusi untuk sampel meliputi laporan keuangan yang berakhir pada tanggal 31 Desember, telah diaudit, lengkap, mencakup variabel penelitian, dan terkait dengan harga saham yang cenderung menurun selama periode tersebut. Data sekunder diperoleh dari situs resmi BEI dan annual report Bank Tabungan Negara, di mana harga saham menjadi variabel dependen dan Return on Asset (ROA) serta variabel lainnya menjadi variabel independen. Data tersebut kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS 26, menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa ROA, NIM, dan BOPO mempunyai dampak positif dan negatif secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap harga saham, dengan nilai Koefisien determinasi sebesar 85,10%. Temuan penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa ROA memegang pengaruh positif terhadap harga saham BTN, sementara NIM dan BOPO berpengaruh negatif. Ini menekankan pentingnya Bank BTN untuk memaksimalkan ROA dengan memperhatikan asetnya, sementara juga perlu meningkatkan kontrol atas aset produktif untuk mengoptimalkan pendapatan bunga bersihnya dan mengelola biaya operasional agar lebih efisien. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini disarankan untuk menggali lebih banyak variabel guna hasil yang lebih komprehensif.
Generative AI: A New Challenge for Cybersecurity
Authors: Wang Mingzheng
Published: April 2024

The rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) technology has shown tremendous potential in various fields, such as image generation, text generation, and video generation, and it has been widely applied in various industries. However, GAI also brings new risks and challenges to cybersecurity. This paper analyzes the application status of GAI technology in the field of cybersecurity and discusses the risks and challenges it brings, including data security risks, scientific and technological ethics and moral challenges, Artificial Intelligence (AI) fraud, and threats from cyberattacks. On this basis, this paper proposes some countermeasures to maintain cybersecurity and address the threats posed by GAI, including: establishing and improving standards and specifications for AI technology to ensure its security and reliability; developing AI-based cybersecurity defense technologies to enhance cybersecurity defense capabilities; improving the AI literacy of the whole society to help the public understand and use AI technology correctly. From the perspective of GAI technology background, this paper systematically analyzes its impact on cybersecurity and proposes some targeted countermeasures and suggestions, possessing certain theoretical and practical significance.
Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing in Healthcare: Advances in Secure Multiparty Computation
Authors: Md Fahim Ahammed  , Md Rasheduzzaman Labu
Published: April 2024

Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMC) is a thriving strategy for privacy-preserving data sharing in the healthcare domain. This research examined the role of SMC in the healthcare context and its alignment with regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR. The study highlights key findings in advanced cryptographic techniques, usability enhancements, scalability improvements, as well as security and privacy assurance protocols within SMC. The potential implications of SMC on patient privacy healthcare data management are unquestionable in terms of protecting sensitive information, securing collaboration, and facilitating data-driven decision-making. This study demonstrates that SMC has the potential to revolutionize and transform healthcare by affirming privacy while facilitating secure data sharing, leading to enhanced healthcare outcomes and empowering patients with control over their data.
Cassia tora (L.) Seeds, An Alternative Host to Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic.) Infestation: A Preliminary Research Note
Authors: Muhammad Abdulhadi , Babawuro Mahmoud Ali , Bashir Abdulazeez Kutawa
Published: April 2024

An investigation was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology, Federal University Dutsin-Ma to identify and evaluate the effect of an insect pest attack on the proximate composition of Cassia tora L. in Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria. A laboratory culture of naturally infested seeds of C. tora was kept at 20-25°C ± 2°C and 70 % relative humidity in a plastic cup measuring 8.80 cm (outside lid diameter) cut at the centre (5.80 cm inner diameter) to complete metamorphosis. The emerged adult was taken to Insect Museum, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria for identification at the. The result of the identification revealed it as Callosobruchus subinnotatus Pic. [Coleoptera: Bruchidae]. The insect is widely known to be a primary pest of Bambara nut, Vigna subterranean (L.) Verdcourt. The insect is reported in this research as an alternative host in periods when Bambara nut is not available. Therefore, farmers in the area should observe adequate farm sanitation by keeping their farms devoid of Cassia tora weeds to eliminate likely hibernation sites.
Evaluation of Factors affecting Participation of Actors in Charcoal Value Chain in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Igbaukum E. , Tee T.N. , Dagba B. I. , Ancha P. U. , IKyaagba Emmanuel  Tertsea , Ahungwa G. T.
Published: April 2024

The study examined the factors affecting participation of key actors in charcoal value chain (CVC) in Benue state. A multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of 739 respondents, comprising charcoal producers, transporters, off-taker and consumers in seven local government areas and 14 communities. Descriptive statistics and principal factor analysis were used for data analysis. Results showed male dominance (62.47%) in the entire CVC, especially at the production (86.5%) and transportation (100%) nodes whereas female were mostly active at off-take (55.3%) and consumption (81.3%) nodes. Further, CVC sector was dominated mostly by young people (64.27%) averaged 37 years and about 66% of the respondents were married with 7.8 years of experience in the CVC. Results of factor analysis depicted that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure (KMO) value of 0.882. Five common factors were extracted with cumulative variance proportion of 63.85% of the total variance, above the recommended percentage of 50-60% for social science research of 50-60% and Eigenvalues above 1. The five factors were labelled as ‘Institutional and policy constraints’ (accounted for 37.76% of the total variance), ‘Production constraints’ (8.29%), ‘Financial and marketing constraints’ (6.90%), ‘Infrastructural constraints’ (6.55%) and ‘Technological constraint which accounted for 4.65% of the total variance. The study concludes that charcoal value chain in the State is open to both genders and is constrained mostly by institutional and policy factors. It was recommended that involvement of government agencies and community leaders in CVC would ensure effective policy formulation and implementation for a sustainable charcoal exploration.
Evaluation of the Activities of Commonly Dispensed Antibiotics at Bayero University Kano Health Care Services Unit
Authors: Mas'ud Khulsum Adamu , Mohammed Aisha , Ado Kurawa Bashir
Published: April 2024

There is a growing concern about the effectiveness of antimicrobials in developing countries. Multifaceted factors contribute to the escalation of antibiotic resistance. The counterfeiting of antibiotic drugs is one facet of this. Antibiotics are the most counterfeited medicines worldwide. However, the WHO Committee for the review of Medicines accentuates surveillance checks even after the marketing of drugs or at the dispensing point. This study evaluated the activities of commonly dispensed antibiotics at Bayero University Kano health care service pharmacy unit. Fourteen brands of different antibiotics with the active ingredients amoxicillin, azithromycin, cefixime, ceftriaxone, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline were used. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method on clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Typed strains of E. coli (ATCC 25923) and S. aureus (ATCC 25922) were also tested. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin-containing formulations had efficacy against all the clinical isolates and typed organisms. All organisms except K. pneumoniae were sensitive to azithromycin. Ceftriaxone was active only against E. coli (both clinical isolate and typed organism). About 71% of the antibiotics tested were not sensitive to the tested organisms.  The inactivity observed may be due to the counterfeit or substandard nature of the antibiotics, ineffective storage, or the development of resistance. This necessitates more research to determine the extent of the problem and its causes at a large scale.
Assessment of Phycoremediation Potential of Chlorella sorokiniana Wastewater Treatment: Analysis of Biochemical Component Changes
Authors: Badamasi M. , Rabiu S. , Abdullahi B. A. , Abdulkarim B. , Taofik A. B. , Aliyu H. , Dahiru Y.
Published: April 2024

Using algae for wastewater treatment offers significant advantages, including providing oxygen for bacteria through photosynthesis, reducing energy demand by eliminating the need for aeration, minimizing the formation of hazardous toxic slush producing useful algal biomass, and recycling nutrients present in the wastewater. In the study, Chlorella sorokiniana was isolated from domestic wastewater samples collected from municipal wastewater of the Katsina metropolis (River Ginzo). The isolated Chlorella sorokiniana was cultured in BG-11 media for ten weeks, and cell density was monitored using a haemacytometer. Twelve flasks containing 100mL wastewater samples each were inoculated with 10mL of cultured Chlorella sorokiniana and incubated at 25°C under 12/12h light/dark photoperiods for four weeks. Physicochemical parameters were analysed weekly. Results showed an increase in Chlorella sorokiniana cell density from (6.33±2.31) x104 at week one to (53.33±26.60) x104 at week ten. Remediation efforts resulted in reduction percentages for various parameters: total dissolved solids (57.7%), nitrate (99.96%), phosphorus (100%), ammonium (99.98%), potassium (91.65%), zinc (87.03%), manganese (90.63%), iron (79.44%), copper (50.62%), and nickel (30.10%). pH remained neutral, and dissolved oxygen increased over the weeks. Significant differences in biochemical components were observed before and after treatment. The remediation of diverse wastewater samples using Chlorella sorokiniana was effective, leading to the accumulation of biomass rich in biochemical components such as lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. The accumulated biomass can be utilized for further research purposes. This study highlights the potential of Chlorella sorokiniana for phycoremediation and underscores its ability to improve water quality while generating valuable biomass for additional applications.
Incidence of Citrus tristeza virus in Zaria and Giwa Local Government Areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Buhari , Hamza Muhammad Aliyu , Auwal Abdullahi , Bichi Aminu Magaji
Published: April 2024

Citrus tristeza disease is among the most devastating diseases of citrus worldwide. To ascertain the occurrence of the causal agent, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) in Zaria and Giwa Local Government Areas of Kaduna State, samples were collected from four citrus orchards in September during the 2022 wet season. A total of sixty samples (n=60) were collected randomly comprising of both symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves, fifteen (n=15) from each field. The commonest symptoms observed included, yellowing of leaves, cupping, and leave vein clearing. Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was employed in the detection of the virus from the leaves collected. The result shows the presence of the virus in the Local Government Areas (LGAs) with an incidence of 6.67% each. This study is the first to report the presence of CTV in Zaria and Giwa LGAs of Kaduna State. Thus, indicating the spread of the viral disease in the country-despite its low incidence- after it was first reported from the Southern part of Nigeria. This calls for an intensive survey to delineate the extent of the viral incidence in the country and embark on enlightenment campaigns for citrus farmers.
Environmental Contamination by Agrochemicals and Its Indiscriminate Use by Dry Season Farmers in Sudan Savannah of Katsina State
Authors: Muhammad Abdulhadi , Musa M. , Sani S. , Ibrahim U. M.
Published: April 2024

A field survey was conducted in five dry season irrigation sites consisting of Ajiwa, Zobe, Jibia, Sabke, and Sulma dams in Katsina state. The survey was carried out to find out dry-season farmers’ attitudes on the use and misuse of agrochemicals. A multi-choice structured questionnaire was administered to one hundred (100) purposively selected dry-season farmers. Data collected were analysed and interpreted using descriptive statistics in the form of bar charts of the SAS package. The result showed that many dry-season farmers obtained information on the safe use of agrochemicals from pesticide retailers (90%). The market recorded the highest (98%) of farmers purchasing agrochemicals. Most dry-season farmers throw away empty pesticide containers after use (91%) while 7% and 4% respectively burn and deep bury these containers. In others, some farmers rewash these containers for household use or resell them to hawkers. Symptoms of pesticide toxicity after application were identified with the highest percentage being recorded by skin rashes (90%). Based on the findings of this study, a poor attitude toward throwing away empty containers could serve as a chance of increased chemical residues in the environment and a high risk of attack especially by the vulnerable people in the study area. It is therefore recommended that dry season farmers be encouraged to purchase agrochemicals from reputable agents to avoid purchasing adulterated or expired chemicals and dispose of empty containers appropriately and hygienically by environmental standards.
Physicochemical Parameters and Fish Catches of Zobe Reservoir in Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Nababa Abdulsalam , Yusuf Zikrulla A. , Umaru Joel
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to examine the physicochemical characteristics and fish catches of the Zobe reservoir. The study was carried out for a period of 12 months at five fishing stations (Tabobi, Makera, Garhi, Gada, and Raddawa). Standard techniques were employed to determine the physicochemical parameters of the reservoir. The ranges of values obtained were: temperature (22.00±2.2.54 – 32.00±.2.2.54°C); pH (5.90±0.50 – 9.00±0.50); Turbidity (4.5±0.84 - 8.00±0.84); Dissolved Oxygen (6.00±0.50 mgL-1 – 8.50±0.50 mgL-1); Biological Oxygen Demand (0.50 ± 0.54 mgL-1 – 3.80±0.07 mgL-1; Electrical Conductivity (EC): 65.00±13.23μS/cm – 199.00±13.227μS/cm; Alkalinity: 20.10 ±3.507 – 33.00 ±2.28ppm); Ammonia (0.10ppm ±0.20 – 0.50ppm±0.08ppm). Catches of fishers comprised thirteen (13) fish species from seven (7) families. O. niloticus of the Cichlidae family had the highest Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) (22.28 and 9.93) for the dry season, whereas C. gariepinus had the highest CPUE in the wet season (22.22 and 9.80). Furthermore, C. anguilaris has the lowest CPUE, which is (0.08) in Makera in the dry season and (0.04) in Raddawa at the rainy season. Turbidity and fish catches had a negative correlation (-0.98), while EC and fish catch had a strong positive correlation (0.60). Physicochemical properties fall within permissible ranges for fish production. In conclusion, Zobe reservoir has enormous potential for fish production which could said to be not optimally utilized. Sustainable research is recommended to maximize the utilization of the fishery resources of the reservoir.
Grass Species Diversity and Abundance at Rennajj Fish Farm, Jos South, Nigeria and Surrounding Environment
Authors: Sotayo Falilat Olatoro , Barshep Yahkat , Omotoriogun Crossby Taiwo , Wilson Mark , Manu Shiiwua A. , Elisha Emmanuel Barde , Yilangai Rahila Meriba
Published: April 2024

Vegetation management is key to ecosystem conservation. This research work examined grass species diversity and abundance, together with the effects of management and habitat types on grass diversity and abundance at Rennajj Fish Farm and surrounding environments.Thirty (31) points were randomly selected and marked with the aid of a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit. They were classified as managed and unmanaged, consisting of sixteen (16) points within the managed area and fifteen (15) around the surrounding environments. At each points, plots of 20m2 were measured, and within the plot, 4 random 1m2 sub-quadrats were selected, where grass species where identified and recorded. Data analysis was carried out using the R statistical Software. A total of twenty (23) grass species, belonging to six (6) families and twenty (20) genera were recorded. Grass species diversity differed by the study sites and habitat types (P < 0.001), respectively. The unmanaged environments had higher grass diversity compared to the managed Rennajj Fish Farm. Grasslands had the highest grass species diversity while woodland had the least. Mean grass abundant was significantly different by family (P < 0.001). The family Rubiaceaewas the most abundant while, Polygonaceae was the least.
The Role of Diagnostic Medical Physics in Medicine: An Overview
Authors: Gambo Nura , Shehu Mustapha
Published: April 2024

This paper provides a thorough overview of the vital role diagnostic medical physicists play in the medical field, focusing on diagnostic radiology. This paper investigates the relationship between medical practices and physics highlights the fundamental role that physics plays in understanding the cosmos and outlines the numerous applications of physics, including medical physics. The paper's main focus is on the many applications of medical physics, especially in diagnostic imaging, which includes nuclear medicine, radiation therapy, MRIs, CT scans, X-rays, and ultrasound. There is an in-depth discussion of specialized fields such as radiation protection, nuclear medicine, diagnostic radiology, and radiotherapy physics. The authors stress the importance of medical physics in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, providing new technologies such as Positron-Emission Tomography (PET) that provide insights into structural and biological changes. The article outlines the duties of diagnostic medical physicists, including quality assurance and control as well as equipment evaluation and compliance. The critical role that radiation treatment programs play in preserving patient, staff and public safety is emphasized. The authors discuss how modern radiation therapy is becoming more complex and how important strong protocols are for patient safety. The important role that medical physicists play in guaranteeing the highest standards of medical care is highlighted, along with the European Union's efforts to standardize radiotherapy treatments among its member states. It is recommended that the health care system needs medical physicists to ensure the safety and protection of both patients and medical/ x-ray staff.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ СУПРОВІД ДІТЕЙ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ ОСВІТНІМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ: ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНІ І МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Соколова Ганна , Кравець Юлія
Published: April 2024

У статті розглянуто сучасні підходи до створення системи психолого-педагогічного супроводу дітей з особливими освітніми потребами. Головну увагу зосереджено на розробці практичної складової системи психолого- педагогічного супроводу. Автором зазначено, що необхідною умовою в системі супроводу дітей з особливими освітніми потребами є узгоджена командна робота всіх учасників освітнього процесу та батьків, які виховують таких дітей. Доведено, що значну роль у психолого-пеагогічному супроводі дітей з особливими освітніми потребами відіграє командна робота всіх учасників освітнього процесу. Тобто, саме психолого-педагогічний супровід покликаний сприяти озброєнню вчителів знаннями щодо психології таких дітей, їхніх психологічних можливостей в засвоєнні навчальних знань та вмінь, освоєння практичних прийомів розвитку мислення, а також створення сприятливого психологічного мікроклімату в школі та сімейному середовищі задля успішної соціалізації таких дітей.
Ensuring safe drinking water: microbial evaluation of restaurants in Patuakhali district, Bangladesh
Authors: Tareq Md Abu , Mondol Prosenjit , Islam Md Shajadul , Rifat Md Touheduzzaman , Das Santo Shamol , Khan Md Shafiqul Islam
Published: April 2024

Drinking water (DW) from restaurants is a major source of microbial exposure among consumers that causes diseases. The evaluation of the microbiological quality of the drinking water in restaurants provides the foundation for appropriate action to minimize contamination and protect patrons from food-borne illnesses. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial quality of restaurant’s drinking water. A total of 20 water samples were collected in sterile test tube from the restaurants in Dumki and Patuakhali Sadar Upazilla of Patuakhali district. Total viable count on Nutrient agar and total coliform count on MacConkey agar were done by standard plate count (SPC) technique and bacterial identification by different biochemical tests. The present study found all the water samples (100%) were contaminated with bacteria in the ranges of 4.50 × 104 to 7.00 x 105, and 95% of the samples were contaminated with E. coli, and the range was 0 to 2.8 × 102. A total of 26 distinct bacterial colony were isolated from various samples and morphologically characterized. Based on biochemical characteristics, we identified a total of 10 bacterial species. Among them, 6 (23.10%) were both for Enterobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus epidermidis followed by Escherichia coli (E. coli) 5 (19.23%), Pseudomonas spp. 3(11.54%), and rest of the Vibrio cholera, Klebsiella oxytoca, S. auerous, Bacillus spp., Aeromonas salmonicida and Salmonella spp. were 1 (3.85%) for each.  A diverse range of fecal coliform, enteropathogenic and pathogenic bacteria present in samples indicates the unsanitary handling and storage practices in restaurants; this could make customers more susceptible to illnesses and ailments linked to water.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2024, 8(1), 5-12
Nourishing minds and bodies: the imperative of food safety and security
Authors: Kabir SM Lutful
Published: April 2024

Abstract not available
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2024, 8(1), 1-4
Association of Ischaemic Heart Disease with Hospitalized Ischaemic Stroke Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kabir Nazmul , Ahmed KM Ahsan , Sarker Md Sadekur Rahman , Chowdhury Md Tauhidul Islam
Published: April 2024

Background: Stroke and IHD is a major health problem all over the world. But few studies have been done in our country to see the association of IHD among ischaemic stroke patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of IHD among hospitalized ischaemic stroke patients and to identify their common risk factors. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in 50 ischaemic stroke patients admitted in Medicine Wards of Khulna Medical College Hospital, from July 2012 to December 2012. The patients were taken in both sexes having more than 18 years age and CT-scan evidence of ischaemic stroke by purposive sampling technique. After recruitment of patients IHD was established by ECG findings. Subsequently other risk factors were identified and were recorded. Results: The incidence of stroke for individuals older than 80 years was approximately 30.0% compared with 8.0% for individuals between 31 to 40 years of age. Among them IHD was more common in 51 to 60 years old stroke patients (33.33%) but less common in older than 80 years of age (8.33%). All of those having both ischaemic stroke and IHD were hypertensive. Among them 58.33% cases had severe hypertension but those having only stroke but no IHD 73.68% cases were hypertensive. Among them 34.21% had severe hypertension. Regarding lipid profile those having both ischaemic stroke and IHD 83.33% were dyslipidaemic but of those having only stroke but no IHD 52.63% were dyslipidaemic. This study revealed 41.67% diabetic patients developed both Ischaemic stroke and IHD compared to 31.58% diabetic patients developed only ischaemic stroke. Conclusion: In conclusion IHD and ischaemic stroke patients share similar pathophysiological mechanisms and, consequently, many risk factors. 
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023; 9(2):98-102
Rare Association between Congenital Dorsal Dermal Sinus with Tethered Cord Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Sonia Sheikh Farjana , Zaman Mashaya , Mahmood Ehsan , Hassan Mohammad Sayeed , Banu Selina Husna
Published: April 2024

Congenital dermal sinus tract is an innocent‑appearing spinal dysraphism that may lead to devastating morbidities if not timely addressed. Congenital dermal sinus may be associated tethered cord syndrome. Here we report one patient who is presented at the age of eighteen months with lower limb weakness at Dr. M R Khan Shishu Hospital and ICH and was diagnosed as dorsal dermal sinus with teathered cord syndrome. Our aim is to illustrate the advantages of the early diagnosis of this rare treatable disorder and to prevent neurological sequelae.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023;9(2):151-156
Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Findings and Functional Outcomes of Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Experience of 50 Cases in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Rashedul , Rahman Tanbin , Habib Rumana , Rahman Aminur , Bhowmik Nirmalendu Bikash , Haque Md Amirul
Published: April 2024

Background: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy which is one of the most frequent causes of acute flaccid paralysis. GBS has diverse clinical phenotype and functional outcome.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical profiles and outcomes of GBS patients admitted in a tertiary care centre of Bangladesh.
Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Neurology from January 2016 to June, 2020 in BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Adult patients more than or equal to 18 years of age who had fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of GBS were included in the study.
Results: Majority of the patients were male (64.0%). The most common presenting symptom at entry was ascending paralysis that occurred in 24 patients (48.0%). Mean age of the study population is 31.5 years ranging from 19 to 60 years. Twenty four (48.0%) patients had GBS disability score of 4 at entry. On the contrary, 39(78.0%) cases had GBS disability score of 4 at nadir. Diarrhea was reported in 14(28.0%) cases and respiratory tract infection was reported in 9(18.0%) cases. Fifty six percents of patients had GBS disability score of 0 to 2, 38.0% had 3 to 4 and only 6.0% had 5 to 6. Majority of the patients had Brighton criteria level 1 certainty of diagnosis (62.0%) in this study.  GBS variants according to nerve conduction studies were AIDP (54.0%), AMAN (34.0% and AMSAN (12.0%). CSF protein was raised in 72.0% cases. Patients diagnosed with AMAN and AMSAN had worse outcome after 3 months in comparison to AIDP group of patients if we consider GBS disability score.
Conclusion: GBS has been found more in younger and male population group in this present study where Antecedent events were not found in majority of the patients. AIDP was the commonest variant in our study with comparatively good outcome followed by AMAN.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023;9(2):108-115
Behavior of Non-Hybrid and Hybrid Forms of Fibro-Osseous Lesions in the Cranio-Maxillofacial Region of Patients Attending at the Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City of Bangladesh
Authors: Shahed Abu Mohammad , Ahmed Mohiuddin , Molla Motiur Rahman , Huq Md Rezaul , Begum Bilquis Ara
Published: April 2024

Background: Fibro-osseous lesions of the craniofacial complex are represented by a variety of disease processes that are characterized by the nature of ossifications and calcifications.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the behavior of non-hybrid and hybrid forms of fibro-osseous lesions.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study at the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, Dhaka (DDCH), Shaheed Suhrawardy Hospital, Dhaka (SSH) and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January 2004 to December 2005. Participants were selected for the study who attended into outpatient and inpatient departments with fibro-osseous lesions during study period, irrespective of age & sex. patients were included who gave informed consent, patients attended with jaw swellings, and radiologically suspecting as fibro-osseous lesions, Biopsy proven fibro-osseous lesions. All patients were advised initially for radiological examination which includes orthopantomogram (OPG), postero-anterior (P/A) view of skull with mandible, lateral view of skull with mandible. After taking informed consent, biopsy was done. The diagnosis was established initially in all cases preoperatively on the basis of an incision biopsy. Postoperatively every surgical specimen was examined carefully and sectioned to examine the nature of tissue within the tumour and examination of the expansion and perforation of the bone was performed. Then histologic examination was done for re-evaluation.
Result: A total number of 40 patients were included, in Hybrid form, the growth pattern of majority of swellings were slow at first but later rapid (66.7%) while in Non-hybrid form, it was slow always (61.8%).  Maximum site of involvement was in mandible (66.7%) in Hybrid form whereas both mandible and maxilla were equally involved in Non-hybrid form. Hybrid form has significantly higher probability of tenderness in comparison with Non-hybrid form (p <0.001). Tenderness was found in all cases of hybrid form (100%) whereas in Non-hybrid form it was 17.6%. Most of size of Non-hybrid swellings were less than 35 sq. cm but for Hybrid form the size were comparatively bigger. In Non-hybrid form, only 2.9%% of swellings were hard and egg shell crackling but it was 33.3% for Hybrid form and the difference was significant. Recurrent bleeding from the swellings was noted in few cases of hybrid form (33.3%) but it was noted in minority of non-hybrid form (5.9%).
Conclusion: In conclusion the behavior of non-hybrid and hybrid forms of fibro-osseous lesions is varied from each other.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023;9(2):136-140
Trend of Patients Attended at Emergency Department of Referral Neurosciences Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman AKM Mustafizur , Sharmin Farzana , Islam Mainul , Shoman Mohammed Mohiuddin , Khan Kaspia
Published: April 2024

Background: Emergency Department is very important place for the patient.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the trend of patients attended at emergency department of referral neurosciences hospital in Bangladesh.
Methodology: This was a retrospective study carried out from January 2018 to 2021. This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology at National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka has been started its journey from September, 2012. It is situated in the health hub of Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This is the only Govt. run tertiary care neuroscience center in Bangladesh. We are having specialized out patient service and 24×7 emergency service. Our 100 bedded comprehensive stroke unit is running. Detailed medical record for each of the study sample was obtained from the record office.
Results: A total number of 180145 cases were found with the duration of three years. This data showed that the number of neurology patients were attended at emergency department of Neurology at National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital. The trend of patients who were attended at emergency department was stedily increase from January to December of 2020. It was found that a total number of 4786 cases were attended at emergency Department of study place. Later, this trend was increased.
Conclusion: In conclusion the trend is increase from 2019 to 2021.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023;9(2):122-126
Pattern of Histopathological Grades of Astrocytoma Patients attended at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Khanam Rehana , Khanam Shafeya , Kabir Tasnia , Kabir Ehsanul
Published: April 2024

Background: Different grades of astrocytomas are presented as the variant of brain tumour.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and distribution of different grades of astrocytoma patients.
Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging with the collaboration of Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Pathology at Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC & MH), Dhaka from January 2013 to December 2013 for a period of one (1) year. Patients presented with clinically diagnosed cases of intracranial astrocytoma who were attended in the OPD and IPD were selected as study population. The postoperative resected tissues were histopathological examined in the respective department.
Result: The sample size of the present study was 48 astrocytoma patients. The mean age (±SD) was 39.96 years (±12.440). During MRI pilocytic astrocytoma, low grade astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiformis are found in 8.3% cases, 31.2% cases, 52.1% cases and 52.1% cases respectively.
Conclusion: MRI is an effective tool for the diagnosis of astrocytoma.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023;9(2):147-150
Comparative Efficacy of Intranasal Midazolam with per Rectal Diazepam to Control Acute Seizure in 6 months to 12 years’ Children
Authors: Ashraf Sumala , Taher Tania , Haque Nazmul , Haroon Kaisar , Saha Narayan Chandra
Published: April 2024

Background: Convulsions are the most frequent neurological disorders affecting children. Acute seizure is a medical emergency, requires prompt and urgent control of ongoing seizure activity. Among the procedure to control seizure, treatment options like intranasal midazolam and per rectal diazepam are available for immediate management.
Objective: The study was done to compare the safety and efficacy of intranasal midazolam and per rectal diazepam to control acute seizure.
Method: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in paediatric department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from 1st June 2008 to 15th April 2009.Children aged from 6 month to 12 years who came with acute seizure of any aetiology were included.
Result: Among 110 patients mean time to control acute seizure in diazepam group was 4.1 minute and in midazolam group it was 3.2 minute and the difference was statistically significant. No significant side effects were noted in either of the group except for a transient fall in oxygen saturation.
Conclusion:In this study midazolam effectively controlled acute seizure compared to diazepam. Time taken to control seizure was significantly less in midazolam group. No serious complications were noted after administration of drugs. Intranasal midazolam could be a better alternative as it is effective in controlling seizure and has no significant side effects compared to the standard.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2023;9(2):103-107