bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Teriperatide in Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Femur Fracture
Authors: Chalana Ankit , Aggarwal Hari Om , Mehta Kshitij , Rehncy Jagdeep Singh , Sahni Girish
Published: September 2024

Background: Despite recent advances in fracture fixation techniques, achieving favorable outcomes in osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures not only by reducing the fracture site but also by ensuring long-term reduction is still difficult for surgeons. Consequently, the interest of researchers has shifted toward establishing a holistic approach for managing such injuries. Teriparatide, a recombinant form of human parathyroid hormone, is a novel drug that has been proven to hasten fracture healing, in both animals and humans. We attempted to evaluate the influence of teriparatide therapy in surgically fixed osteoporotic intertrochanteric femur fractures and provide the groundwork for further research in this area.
Methods: A total of 50 patients with established osteoporosis and intertrochanteric fractures were selected and divided into two groups: those who weremanaged surgically with proximal femur nailing and those who were prospectively compared. One group received teriparatide therapy in addition to standard treatment after providing the necessary consent, and the other group received calcium supplements alone. The results of both groups were prospectively compared. We aimed to identify the effects of teriparatide on the time to fracture union, bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs) and other fracture-related postoperative complications. Radiological union was assessed via the Radiographic Union Score for Hip (RUSH).
Results: All patients were followed up for 6 months, at which time all the fractures were united. However, in the teriparatide group, the time to fracture union significantly decreased by approximately 2 weeks, and the improvementsin BMD and radiographic union were significantly greater.
Conclusion: Our prospective study revealed that early union and a significant increase in the number of BMD tips favor teriparatide therapy in osteoporotic patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures. Well-designed clinical trials conducted in a similar vein are further needed to support our claim.
A Survey of Bangladeshi Doctors' Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking
Authors: Samiullah Mohammed , Numan Md. Shibly , Khanum Roufa , Khan Tanzim , Lima Mehebuba Naorin , Hossain Mokaram
Published: September 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that smoking is the major cause of death worldwide. To understand physicians' attitudes toward smoking, we devised various statements and questions for this study. These statements and questions will allow us to interpret physician attitudes toward smoking. The establishment of smoking termination programs relates specifically to physicians, which may also be a significant strategy for enhancing patients' treatment procedures. In this study, 91% of the physicians agreed that children under age 16 should not have access to cigarettes. Approximately 80% of the surveyed physicians stated that law enforcement to stop people from buying cigarettes is essential for raising awareness and keeping people away from this deadly disease-causing agent. Survey data showed that more than 90% of physicians strongly support awareness programmes regarding smoking's deadly effects to increase awareness. Physicians who are current smokers are providing less treatment and precautions than physicians who are nonsmokers or former smokers. More than 85% of the physicians agreed that the academic curriculum should contain harmful information about smoking; thus, from the beginning, people became accustomed to understanding the negative impacts of smoking. Although approximately 90% of the physicians said that they encouraged their patients not to smoke, the percentage should be 100%, as smoking causes various deadly diseases.
Feasibility of Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer using reagent for analyzing purine metabolite (Hypoxanthine, Xanthine) in urine
Authors: Kang MeeYoung , Lee Boram , Han Ho-Seong , He Jin , Kim Chang Hyun , Yoon Yoo-Seok
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Early detection is crucial for improving patient outcome. Current biomarkers like CA 19-9 have limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity. This study investigated the potential of the urinary purine metabolites hypoxanthine and xanthine as biomarkers for early PC detection.
Methods: This single-center, non-blinded clinical trial included 120 participants (60 patients with PC and 60 healthy controls). Patients aged 18-85 years, scheduled for curative PC surgery were recruited. Urine samples were collected preoperatively and analyzed using a purine metabolome analysis kit developed by CUBEBIO. The study assessed the concentrations of hypoxanthine and xanthine and compared them with CA 19-9 levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: PC patients had significantly higher mean ages (65.63 ± 10.58 years) and lower BMI (22.55 ± 3.19 kg/m²) than controls (46.62 ± 13.34 years and 24.94 ± 3.56 kg/m², respectively). Urinary hypoxanthine and xanthine levels were significantly lower in patients with PC (0.136 ± 0.0821) than in controls (0.292 ± 0.1208), with a p-value of <0.001. The diagnostic method showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.850, with a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 71.1%. Urinary purine metabolites outperformed CA 19-9 for early-stage PC detection.
Conclusion: Urinary hypoxanthine and xanthine are promising biomarkers for early PC detection, offering a noninvasive, cost-effective diagnostic tool with higher sensitivity and specificity than CA 19-9. These findings support further research to validate and refine this diagnostic approach, potentially improving the early detection and patient outcomes in pancreatic cancer.
Electrochemical Properties of GO-rGO: Insights from Modified Hummers Synthesis and Thermal Reduction
Authors: Preethi A. Cathirin , Hariharakrishnan V. , Saraswathi V.
Published: September 2024

Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized using the Modified Hummers Method and subsequently thermally reduced to produce reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated crystalline dimensions of approximately 5 nm for GO and 7 nm for rGO, suggesting a slight increase in crystallinity after reduction. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed distinct electronic properties: GO exhibited an optical band gap of 2.42 eV, which narrowed to 1.33 eV in rGO, indicating improved conductivity in post-reduction. Raman Spectroscopy showed characteristic D and G bands, with the ID/IG intensity ratio increasing after thermal reduction, suggesting a higher degree of structural defects in rGO. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) provided morphological insights, while Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) confirmed the reduction of oxygen-containing groups in rGO. Electrochemical analyses using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) demonstrated enhanced charge storage and faster electron transfer kinetics in rGO compared to GO, highlighting its potential for superior supercapacitor electrodes. This study underscores the diverse properties of GO-rGO, essential for advancing electrochemical energy storage technologies.
Epilepsy, suicidal ideation and their complex relationship: apropos of a clinical case
Authors: Sousa Bárbara Castro , de Sá Zoé Correia , Ramos Joana
Published: September 2024

People with epilepsy are at an increased risk of suicide and suicidality (suicidal ideation or behavior), typically with a standardized mortality ratio between 3 and 5, making it a significant cause of premature death. Recent years have seen the recognition of suicidality as a potential complication of several drug groups, including antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Managing cases of suicidality in patients without a psychiatric history, where the initiation of an AED is the only new factor, poses a particular challenge.
Aim: The authors report the case of a man with no psychiatric history who developed suicidal thoughts after starting eslicarbazepine for post-traumatic brain injury epileptic seizures.
Methods: The patient was monitored after starting eslicarbazepine, with regular psychiatric evaluations for mood, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Despite suspected medication-induced suicidal thoughts, treatment continued, supplemented by anxiolytics and mood stabilizers. Collaboration with neurology ensured a comprehensive care approach.
Results: A decision was made to switch the antiepileptic to topiramate, in collaboration with the neurology team. Following this change, a significant improvement in the patient's mental health was observed, with a marked reduction in suicidal thoughts and stabilization of mood. The patient’s anxiety levels also decreased, contributing to overall better clinical outcomes.
Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of careful monitoring for suicidality in patients receiving AEDs, even in the absence of psychiatric history. Prompt recognition and appropriate intervention, including potential medication adjustments and additional support for anxiety and mood stabilization, were crucial. Psychiatry-Neurology collaboration improved outcomes, integrating pharmacological, neurological and psychological factors.
SELECCIÓN DEL PERSONAL Y EL DESEMPEÑO LABORAL DE LOS TRABAJADORES DE ENVAMET S. A.
Authors: Macías Loor Félix Ignacio , Franco Victores Yelitza Margarita
Published: September 2024

La investigación aborda la problemática de la inadecuada selección de personal, que ha resultado en la contratación de empleados no aptos, afectando negativamente la producción y el compromiso laboral. En este sentido, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar el proceso de selección de personal en relación con el desempeño laboral para identificar áreas de mejora. La metodología utilizada incluyó el enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, con entrevistas y encuestas a 77 empleados. Los resultados mostraron que solo el 22,4% recibe mucha capacitación, el 34,2% tiene evaluaciones de desempeño anuales y el 73,7% está satisfecho con su trabajo. Las conclusiones indican la necesidad de un proceso de selección más estructurado, implementación de capacitaciones regulares y evaluaciones de desempeño frecuentes para mejorar el rendimiento laboral.
ESTRATEGIA DE PROMOCIÓN Y POSICIONAMIENTO DEL PARQUE CULTURAL ECOLÓGICO DEL RECINTO LA ESTACADA
Authors: Rosero Alcívar Juan Gabriel , Cedeño Mendoza Emely Julieth
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación se centró en abordar la problemática de la disminución de visitas al parque debido a la falta de estrategias de promoción consolidadas. Es por ello que el objetivo fue analizar la relación entre las estrategias de promoción y el posicionamiento del parque. La metodología utilizada incluyó enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, como encuestas a 266 residentes y visitantes, así mismo el análisis documental. Los resultados destacaron que el 45.11% de los encuestados considera la publicidad en redes sociales como la más efectiva, y el 41.35% ve las relaciones públicas como una herramienta efectiva para mejorar la percepción del parque. Además, el 37.59% considera que los videos promocionales son el contenido digital más atractivo. En conclusión, se demostró una relación significativa entre las estrategias de promoción y el posicionamiento del parque, sugiriendo que el uso de plataformas digitales y eventos especiales son claves para aumentar la visibilidad y atracción de visitantes.
GOBIERNO ELECTRÓNICO EN LOS PROCESOS DE RECAUDACIÓN DE IMPUESTO DEL GAD JIPIJAPA
Authors: Morán Chilan Jessenia Herminia , Faubla Bravo Claudia Nicole
Published: September 2024

El gobierno electrónico en los procesos de recaudación de impuestos del GAD Jipijapa enfrenta problemas de baja adopción tecnológica y falta de recursos para actualizar sus plataformas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar cómo el e-gobierno puede mejorar la eficiencia y transparencia en la recaudación de impuestos. La metodología incluyó métodos deductivos e inductivos, combinando entrevistas cualitativas y encuestas cuantitativas con 380 participantes, incluyendo ciudadanos y cierto personal del GAD Jipijapa. Los resultados indicaron que el 51% de los encuestados desconoce la terminología del e-gobierno, el 54% está confundido sobre el periodo correcto para el pago de impuestos, el 51% encuentra la página web difícil de usar y el 73% cree que el e-gobierno agiliza los procesos municipales. En conclusión, es necesario mejorar la usabilidad y accesibilidad de la plataforma digital, implementar estrategias de comunicación claras sobre las obligaciones fiscales y continuar optimizando los sistemas de gobierno electrónico para garantizar una mayor adopción y eficiencia.
LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA PLANIFICACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA EN ORGANIZACIONES PÚBLICAS Y PRIVADAS
Authors: Vera Calderón Tatiana Aracely , Mendoza López Henry Alexander , Delgado Segovia María Cristina , Chilán Fienco Iker Luis , Vega Guanuche Andrea Paulette , Heredia López Gibson Adrián
Published: September 2024

La investigación sobre la importancia de la planificación estratégica en organizaciones públicas y privadas identificó la capacidad de adaptación a cambios y la anticipación de desafíos como problemática principal, destacando que una planificación efectiva mejora la eficiencia operativa y la satisfacción del cliente. El objetivo fue analizar las mejores prácticas y herramientas para implementar estrategias eficaces. Utilizando métodos analíticos, inductivos y deductivos, se observó que organizaciones con planificación estratégica incrementaron productividad (25% en Toyota), redujeron costos (15% en sector público) y aumentaron satisfacción del cliente (30% en Amazon). En conclusión, la planificación estratégica es esencial para el éxito y sostenibilidad organizacional a largo plazo.
GESTIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA EN EL DESEMPEÑO LABORAL DEL GAD PARROQUIAL COLONCHE
Authors: Yoza Rodríguez Narciso Roberto , Rodríguez Orozco Olivia Nicole
Published: September 2024

La investigación aborda la problemática de cómo la gestión administrativa influye en el rendimiento de los empleados dentro de esta institución. Es por ello que, el objetivo principal fue analizar dicha incidencia para identificar áreas de mejora que optimicen el funcionamiento del GAD. La metodología aplicada fue de enfoque mixto cualitativo-cuantitativo, utilizando encuestas y la entrevista para recopilar datos. Los resultados revelaron que el 70% de los empleados perciben la planificación de actividades como clara y efectiva, mientras que un 67% considera que los procesos administrativos son eficientes. Sin embargo, un dato preocupante es que el 100% de los encuestados indicó la ausencia de un sistema de evaluación de desempeño. En cuanto a la capacitación, el 68% de los empleados afirmó recibir formación, pero un 32% señaló que esta es insuficiente. Las conclusiones indican que, aunque hay aspectos positivos en la gestión administrativa, existen áreas críticas que requieren atención, como la implementación de un sistema de evaluación de desempeño y la mejora continua de los programas de capacitación.
FORMACIÓN, CAPACITACIÓN Y EL DESEMPEÑO LABORAL DEL HOSPITAL DEL DÍA (IESS) JIPIJAPA
Authors: Toala Bozada Sandra Patricia , Reyes Pilay Anthony Jorman
Published: September 2024

El estudio aborda la problemática de la insuficiente formación continua y su impacto en el desempeño laboral. En este sentido, el objetivo fue determinar cómo la capacitación influye en el rendimiento de los empleados y proponer mejoras. Metodológicamente, se utilizaron enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, incluyendo encuestas y observación directa. Los resultados muestran que solo el 41.2% recibe formación continua, el 76.5% cree que la capacitación mejora su desempeño, y el 88.2% siente que sus sugerencias son consideradas por talento humano. Conclusiones indican que, aunque la capacitación actual es valorada, existe un consenso sobre la necesidad de mejorarla y mantener una comunicación efectiva con el Departamento de Talento Humano.
CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA POR ÍNFIMA CUANTÍA Y LA EJECUCIÓN PRESUPUESTARIA
Authors: Delgado Gutiérrez Zoila Marianita , Cevallos Garcés Pamela Estrella
Published: September 2024

El estudio evidencia la problemática de la gestión ineficiente y las deficiencias en la fase precontractual, que afectan la ejecución de los recursos públicos. De este modo, el objetivo principal fue analizar la incidencia de los procesos de contratación de ínfima cuantía en la ejecución presupuestaria, identificando brechas y proponiendo medidas para mejorar la transparencia y eficiencia. La metodología incluyó una investigación no experimental y descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando la entrevista, observación documental y análisis bibliográfico. Los resultados revelaron un nivel de cumplimiento del 69% en 2022 y del 87% en 2023, con un incremento notable en la planificación y ejecución presupuestaria en 2023. Sin embargo, la ejecución de procesos no previstos en 2022 resultó en un mayor gasto, lo que sugiere la necesidad de una planificación más precisa. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia de mejorar la capacitación del personal y fortalecer los controles para asegurar una gestión eficiente y transparente de los recursos públicos.
RECLUTAMIENTO Y SELECCIÓN DEL PERSONAL EN EL GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZADO DEL CANTÓN MONTECRISTI
Authors: Morejón Santistevan Maryury Elizabeth , Barcia Delgado Yuleidy Mishelle
Published: September 2024

La investigación evidenció la problemática de la gestión inadecuada del talento humano y su impacto en los procesos de contratación en el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Cantón Montecristi, cuyo objetivo principal fue determinar cómo la gestión del talento influye en la efectividad del subsistema de contratación de personal. La metodología empleada incluyó un enfoque mixto, utilizando investigación descriptiva y correlacional, con la aplicación de encuestas a 248 empleados del GAD. Los resultados revelaron que el 38% de los empleados calificó el proceso de contratación como regular, mientras que solo el 10% lo percibió como excelente. Respecto a la capacitación, el 38% indicó que se realiza raramente, lo que sugiere una formación insuficiente. Además, un 43% señaló que las funciones asignadas casi siempre están alineadas con el perfil laboral, aunque un 34% consideró que esta alineación ocurre raramente. Finalmente, un 71% de los encuestados desconoce la existencia de un manual de funciones, lo que evidencia una falta de comunicación interna.
GESTIÓN DE INVENTARIOS Y EL CONTROL DE LA CALIDAD AMBIENTAL PARA LA RENTABILIDAD
Authors: Peñaherrera Chipre Scarlet Solange , Yoza Rodríguez Narciso Roberto
Published: September 2024

El presente estudio se realizó en la ferretería GAMAGI, ubicada en el cantón Pedro Carbo, con el objetivo de analizar la incidencia de la gestión de inventarios y el control de la calidad ambiental en la rentabilidad del negocio. La problemática identificada radica en la dificultad para mantener un control eficiente de los productos, lo que ha afectado la rentabilidad debido a inconsistencias en los registros y una falta de enfoque en la calidad ambiental. La metodología empleada combinó enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos, aplicando entrevistas y encuestas a 125 personas, incluyendo colaboradores y clientes habituales. Los resultados indicaron que el 64% de los encuestados considera que la gestión de inventarios es “muy importante” o “importante” para la rentabilidad, mientras que un 21% identificó áreas de mejora, particularmente en la rotación de productos y el uso de tecnologías avanzadas. Como conclusiones, se destaca la necesidad de optimizar la gestión de inventarios incorporando prácticas de calidad ambiental, lo cual no solo mejoraría la rentabilidad, sino también la sostenibilidad a largo plazo del negocio.
Drunkenness and Offenses in the Russian Empire during the Reign of Anna Ioannovna
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Borodina Elena V.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the law enforcement practice in Russia in the 1730s with regards to the recognition of alcohol intoxication as an aggravating factor in a crime, which emerged in the military legislation of the first quarter of the 18th century in connection with the need to discipline the soldiers of the regular army. The review of the historiography demonstrates a significant number of monographs and articles covering various aspects of the history of the production, distribution, and consumption of alcohol in Russia. Moreover, there are different points of view on the enforcement of military codes in the legal practice of authorities. However, none of the scholars has attempted to research to what extent norms of military law were enforced in civil courts. The aim of the study was to identify how the courts approached cases in which the accused were charged with committing an offense while intoxicated. The research was based on primary sources of the late 1720s–1730s from the office of Kungur voivodeship and the court and administration of Ekaterinburg. The author concludes that were differences in the perception of the degree of importance of a particular case. Mostly they were treated as cases of dishonor. Torture aimed at establishing whether the offender was drunk at the time of the crime was carried out only in cases of murder, in accordance with the provisions of the Council Code. The verdict on them was also based on the norms of the Council Code.
Elder Sons of Alexander the Second and Moscow Metropolitan Filaret
Authors:   State Archives of the Russian Federation, Melentev Fedor I.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the problem of church-state relations in the Russian Empire in general and the relationship between Grand Dukes Nicholas and Alexander Alexandrovich and Metropolitan Filaret in particular. Being the most famous preacher, he dedicated his speeches to the eldest sons of Emperor Alexander II. The Grand Dukes repeatedly met with one of the most authoritative bishops of their time in 1851–1867, but their visits were not concerned with the spiritual pursuits, but rather resembled secular visits. The death of Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich in 1865 caused Metropolitan to write a letter of condolence and consolation, which is believed to have been addressed to Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna. However, a comparative analysis of the original of this epistle and its publications shows that the bishop addressed it to the empress, although he was sure that the tsar would read it. During the reign of Alexander II, Metropolitan Filaret was gradually turning into a kind of Moscow landmark, a mandatory visit to whom did not involve regarding the metropolitan as an experienced arch pastor. Nevertheless, the death of the hierarch caused various emotional reactions in the royal house, the interpretation of which enables to take a fresh look at the perception of one of the most authoritative Russian bishops by members of the Imperial family. The article hypothesizes about the reasons why Alexander II forbade Tsesarevich Alexander Alexandrovich to attend the metropolitan’s funeral.
Belarusian National Commissariat and Higher School Projects in the First Years of Soviet Power
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, Kuksa Alexander N.
Published: September 2024

Traditionally, the projects of the Belarusian higher school of the beginning of the 20th century are considered in close connection with the practice of their development by public organizations, zemstvos and city dumas, and implementation — with the activities of state structures of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus. When considering the history of higher education, Belarusian researchers note the role of the All-Belarusian Congress in December 1917 and dwell on the moments of practical work in 1919 on the opening of the Belarusian State University. But the issues of the role and influence of the Belarusian National Commissariat (Belnatsky), which developed in 1918 projects for the opening of the university, the Polytechnic, the national library and the People’s Academy of Technical Knowledge, are not fully covered. At the same time, all these developments subsequently formed the basis for the design of the university by members of the Minsk and Moscow commissions. Belnatsky’s projects in 1920–1921 were implemented in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus in the form of the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute and Belarusian State University. Projects to expand the network of universities presented under the Provisional Government, the Narkomprose of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, as well as at various congresses of teachers, scientists and professors have inspired confidence in the possibility of creating a national higher school. The best professors of Russian universities provided invaluable assistance in this matter. The higher educational institutions opened in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus allowed for the training of national personnel of managers, engineers, teachers and other specialists, ensuring the functioning of the most complex state mechanism.
The Mongol Impact on the Political History of the Byzantine Empire
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Abdimomynov Nurtas Т. , Zhumagulov Kalkaman T. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Saurykov Yerbolat B. ,   International Taraz Innovative Institute named after Sh. Murtaza
Published: September 2024

This paper examines the significant role of the Mongols in the political history of the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Michael VIII (1261–1282). Specifically, it focuses on the impact of Mongol uluses — the Īlkhānid state and the Golden Horde — on the foreign policy of the Byzantine Empire at that time. As the Īlkhānid state consolidated its political influence in Asia Minor and the Golden Horde established political dominance in the Balkans, Byzantium strategically adjusted its foreign policy to engage with these emerging Mongol uluses by recognizing their crucial role in regional affairs. Michael VIII, who reconquered Constantinople from the Latin Empire in 1261, aimed to restore the former power of the Empire. Therefore, he actively cultivated political and marital alliances with both rival Mongol uluses, leveraging their influence to strengthen Byzantium’s position in Anatolia and the Balkans. The authors argue that the Mongol-Byzantium alliances were mutually beneficial, enhancing the Byzantine Empire’s geopolitical standing. The alliance with the Īlkhānid state provided security to the eastern fronts of the Empire, while the political alliance with the Golden Horde bolstered the political initiatives of the Byzantine Empire in the Balkans from the 1260s to the 1280s. Moreover, the involvement of the Īlkhānid state and the Golden Horde in the foreign affairs of Byzantium made the Mongol factor a global phenomenon. It strengthened the intricate political and economic links connecting the Mongol world, Byzantium, and Mamluk Egypt.
The Campaign of the Tushin Troops of Lisovskii and Prosovetskii to Velikie Luki and Pskov Region
Authors:   Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumentsev Igor O.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the campaign of Lisovskii and Prosovetskii — commanders of a considerable group of supporters of False Dmitry II — to Velikie Luki and Pskov. Despite the fact that there are at least three special studies on the history of this military unit in the scholarship, the campaign of Lisovskii and Prosovetskii has been studied only in general terms. Having critically analyzed and compared the data of the Russian, Polish and Swedish sources, the author comes to the conclusion that the raid was not a simple flight in fear of government troops. In February — April 1610, the rebels inflicted a number of sensitive blows on government troops and the Swedish expeditionary force. One of such strikes was the capture of the main base of the government forces, the Kaliazin monastery, and 60 thousand gold pieces intended for the payment to mercenaries. Then the lisovchiki helped the Pskov and Velikie Luki rebels to repel the onslaught of government forces, Polish and Lithuanian invaders. The rebels achieved a temporary success in Velikie Luki, while the revolt provoked by Lisovskii in the Swedish army besieging Ivangorod delayed the conquest of the Novgorod fortresses of Ivangorod, Yama, and Koporie by the Swedes for almost two years. Apparently, after the death of False Dmitry II, the paths of Lisovskii and foreign soldiers and Prosovetskii diverged. Lisovskii was invited by the king and took part in the foreign intervention in Russia. Prosovetskii and the Russian soldiers of his unit participated in the movement of the zemstvo militias.
Soviet and Imperial Russia in the French Perception during the Period of Non-Recognition
Authors:   MGIMO University, Magadeev Iskander E.
Published: September 2024

The article aims to examine how the French diplomats and the military evaluated the similarities and differences between the Soviet state and the former Imperial Russia at the beginning of the 1920s. The author focuses on the discussions about the processes of traditionalization and “normalization” of the Soviet regime; about the degree of continuity between the aims of the Soviet foreign policy and those of the Russian state; and on the correlation between the social, economic and political development of the country before and after 1917. The article is based on the published French and Soviet diplomatic documents, as well on the archival evidence from the French diplomatic and military archives and from the Historical service of the French Ministry of Defence. The author concludes that the French perception was controversial. Some analysts and political leaders shared the idea about the traditionalization and “normalization” of the Soviet state; they thought that the Bolsheviks would move away from the revolutionary radicalism of the first post-October years. In these circles, they believed in a certain continuity between the foreign policy interests of the Soviet and Imperial Russia and hoped that the Russian state — whatever the ruling group was inside it — could be an “Eastern counterbalance” to Germany. Nevertheless, there was an alternative discourse. Other French analysts and political leaders underlined the radical differences between the Soviet and Imperial Russia and thought that it was impossible to separate Bolshevism from its revolutionary “nucleus” (propaganda and struggle for colonial liberation).
Soft Corals-derived Dihydrosinularin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease by Regulating the PI3K Pathway
Authors: Wen Zhi-Hong , Chiu Ya-Jen , Yang San‑Nan , Huang Tzu-Yi , Feng Chien-Wei , Chen Nan-Fu , Sung Chun-Sung , Chen Wu-Fu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an irreversible, progressive disorder
that profoundly impacts both motor and non-motor functions, thereby significantly diminishing
the individual’s quality of life. Dihydrosinularin (DHS), a natural bioactive
molecule derived from soft corals, exhibits low cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties.
However, the therapeutic effects of DHS on neurotoxins and PD are currently unknown.

Objective:

This study investigated whether DHS could mitigate 6-hydroxydopamine (6-
OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity and explored the role of neuroprotective PI3K downstream
signaling pathways, including that of AKT, ERK, JNK, BCL2, and NFκB, in DHS-
mediated neuroprotection.

Method:

We treated the human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, with the neurotoxin
6-OHDA to establish a cellular model of PD. Meanwhile, we assessed the anti-apoptotic
and neuroprotective properties of DHS through cell viability, apoptosis, and immunostaining
assays. Furthermore, we utilized the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 to validate the
therapeutic target of DHS.

Results:

Based on the physicochemical properties of DHS, it can be inferred that it has
promising oral bioavailability and permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It
was demonstrated that DHS upregulates phosphorylated AKT and ERK while downregulating
phosphorylated JNK. Consequently, this enhances the expression of BCL2, which
exerts a protective effect on neuronal cells by inhibiting caspase activity and preventing
cell apoptosis. The inhibition of PI3K significantly reduced the relative protective activity
of DHS in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that the neuroprotective effects
of DHS are mediated through the activation of PI3K signaling.

result:

It was demonstrated that DHS upregulates phosphorylated AKT and ERK, while downregulating phosphorylated JNK. Consequently, this enhances the expression of BCL2, which exerts a protective effect on neuronal cells by inhibiting caspase activity and preventing cell apoptosis. The inhibition of PI3K significantly reduced the relative protective activity of DHS in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that the neuroprotective effects of DHS are mediated through the activation of PI3K signaling.

Conclusion:

By investigating the mechanisms involved in 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity,
we provided evidence concerning the therapeutic potential of DHS in neuroprotection.
Further research into DHS and its mechanisms of action holds promise for developing
novel therapeutic strategies for PD.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of Partially Protected N-Glycosylamines
Authors: Pradhan Sheersha , Janhavi Banoth , Das Thangamuthu Mohan
Published: September 2024

Due to the compatibility of binding and undergoing chemical modification of
sugar derivatives with a variety of scaffolds, the design of innovative tools for bio-sensing
and bio-marking, energy harvesting, drug design, and delivery is growing steadily. Furthermore,
the chemistry of partially protected sugars has not been explored well in terms of
its applications in smart materials. However, these sugar derivatives possess a unique characteristic
balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature, which makes them act as
gelator molecules. Several synthetic strategies pertaining to synthesis and applications are
known in the literature. The present review mainly focuses on the partially protected monosaccharide-
based N-glycosylamines and their applications, with few examples from Oand
C-glycosides.
An Introduction to the Use of Embryology in Clinical Practice
Authors: Boroujeni Mandana Beigi , Yasin Ahmadi Seyyed Amir , Nashta Ali Fouladi , Ghafari Fataneh
Published: September 2024

Embryology is a part of anatomical sciences investigating formation,
differentiation, growth and development of embryos and fetuses. This science is not
only limited to the definition above, but it can also be used for human adults involved
in perinatology, infertility, congenital defects, cell therapy and personalized medicine.
This chapter aims to introduce embryology and its role in the clinical practice of
physicians. The linkage of embryology and medicine is an example of the linkage
between basic and clinical medical sciences. Entering to this interdisciplinary field
opens a novel door for making hypotheses for future studies.
The Promising Treatment of Sepsis: Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Ture Zeynep , Dinc Gokcen , Alp Emine
Published: September 2024

Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome that develops as a result of a
dysregulated immune response caused by an infectious agent. The pathogenesis of
sepsis has been better understood over the years, and new treatment protocols have
been developed. In sepsis, the host immune response is equally as important as the
infectious agent in the clinical presentation of sepsis and the development of shock. In
the early phase of sepsis, hyperinflammation and secondary hyperinflammation occur,
while in the late phase, immunosuppression is present. Sepsis treatment is based on
controlling the source of infection, antimicrobial treatment and supportive treatment
depending on the phase of sepsis. Stem cells have shown great potential in recent years to become a new therapeutic
option for infectious diseases. The stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can selfrenew to proliferate and differentiate into specialized cells under appropriate
conditions. The following section focuses on stem cell therapy, which is an adjuvant
treatment method in the treatment of sepsis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have
immunomodulatory properties through direct or paracrine interactions with immune
cells involved in innate or adaptive immunity. In the treatment of sepsis, MSCs have
shown promise in reducing mortality and bacteremia in experimental mouse models of
sepsis. However, the number of completed clinical trials on sepsis is very limited.
These studies have shown the use of MSCs to be safe at appropriate doses.
Nevertheless, there may be a risk of thromboembolic events following high-dose
applications. There remains a need for clinical studies on timing, dose and duration of
use.
Traditional and Contemporary Drying Methods an Overview
Authors: Jayanta Bag  , Neetu Singh
Published: September 2024

The most crucial step in every pharmaceutical industry is drying. Drying forms one of the method that is frequently utilized to increase the product stability of biotherapeutics. Basically, drying can be done by two processes viz. natural drying and mechanical drying or artificial drying based on source of energy. Natural drying takes place under the influence of sunlight and wind and is of three types viz. sun, solar and shade drying. In natural drying there is no control over temperature, air flow and humidity whereas in artificial drying, these conditions are well controlled. In case of natural drying, it may be either direct sun-drying or in the shed. If the natural color of the drug (digitalis, clove, senna) and the volatile principles of the drug (peppermint) are to be retained, drying in shed is preferred. If the contents of the drugs are quite stable to the temperature and sunlight, the drugs can be dried directly in sunshine (gum acacia, seeds and fruits). Drying by artificial means includes drying the drugs in an oven; i.e., tray-dryers; vacuum dryers and spray dryers. The pharmaceutical industry uses a variety of drying systems, including fluidized bed drying, freeze-drying, microwave drying and spray drying. Many advantages result from removing water content through the drying process, such as lower transportation costs, easy handling and storage, and increased stability.
A Scientific Approach of Dantadhawana with Herbal and Non Herbal Toothpastes - A Literary Review
Authors: Astha Sharma  , Shiv Shankar Shukla
Published: September 2024

In Ayurveda, Dantadhawan is an important part of Dinacharya. Our ancient acharyas has mentioned the role of Tikta, Katu, Kashaya Rasa Dravyas in Dantadhawana procedure to maintain the oral cavity. Healthy oral cavity is not only important for structures in oral cavity but also plays an important role in maintaining general health. Due to civilization, Ayurveda twigs with Tikta, Katu, Kashaya Rasa got replaced by chemical based toothpastes. No doubt, these toothpastes have bacteriocidal action, but also having side effects which are harmful for the health. Hence, Current world is shifting towards Ayurvedic principles of Dinacharya (daily regimen) to promote health. Herbal toothpastes containing Tikta, Katu, and Kashaya Rasa Dravyas are much better in Kaphahara property, antibacterial, and anti septic action with no chemical ingredients, hence reduces the risk of side effects. Hence, this paper is the need of hour to focus on the action and side effects of herbal and non herbal toothpastes.
Need and Purpose of Manuscript Cataloguing in Ayurved
Authors: Chanchal K. Chavan  , Brijesh R. Mishra  , Harish Kumar Purohit
Published: September 2024

Ayurveda, as an ancient system of medicine, possesses a vast repository of textual knowledge encapsulated in manuscripts. However, the scattered nature of this manuscript presents significant challenges for scholars and practitioners alike. This study reviewing the importance, difficulties facing for compiling manuscript catalogues in Ayurved. This paper elucidates the objectives of promoting awareness and emphasizing the importance of manuscript cataloguing as a primary source for Ayurvedic researchers. This paper outlines the methodology employed to compile and analyze literature on manuscript cataloguing in Ayurveda, with a focus on elucidating the need and purpose of this practice. It discusses the challenges in accessing Ayurvedic knowledge and how a well-designed catalogue can bridge this gap.
Concept of Maha Srotas - A literary review on the basis of fundamental principal
Authors: Rohit Kumar Patel  , Shuchi Dubey
Published: September 2024

Background: Gastrointestinal tract is largest Srotas and term as Maha Srotas. The Doshas, Vata Pitta, Kapha also circulate through Srotas. But obstruction of Srotas is cause of Sroto Dusti (Sroto Vyadhi) and it disturbs Physiological functions of Dosha, Dhatu, Malas. Material and Methods: Literary research based on Study of Ayurvedic Samhitas and published research articles. Result: Srotas is internal transport system of the body and represents by Mahasrotas has been given a place of fundamental importance in Ayurveda both in health and disease. The obstruction of Mahasrotas responsible for many physiological abnormalities, similarly transportation of disturbed Doshas through Srotas leads various disease thus proper working of Maha Srotas is essential for retaining good health. Conclusion: The Srotas not only help in nutritional transportation but also support healing process. Srotas maintain physiological balance through exchange of Doshas and Dhatu. Maha Srotas transports factors that cause the Prakopa (Aggravation) or Samana (Allevation) of Doshas. Dosha get vitiated due to Apathaya Aahar Vihara causing Khavagunya and disease process occurs. So as to know the prognosis and treat the disease, Knowledge of Maha Srotas is necessary.
A Prospective, Open-label, Non-randomised Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Femiforte in the Treatment of Leucorrhoea
Authors: Milind Patil  , Nikhil Chaudhari  , Damodar Dukle
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Femiforte Tablets in Leucorrhoea. Materials and Methods: A prospective, interventional clinical study was conducted on 40 female patients, aged between 24-49 years, confirmed with leucorrhoea from clinical examination and who were willing to give informed consent. All patients received Femiforte Tablet at a dose of 1 tablet twice a day for 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated at baseline and 4 weeks for parameters of  malodor discharge, malodor discharge after intercourse, itching, dyspareunia, vaginal irritation, dysuria, lower abdominal pain; abnormal pH, bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginitis and candidiasis; physician's and patient's global assessment at end of the study. Observation and Results: Femiforte Tablets reduced malodor discharge and malodor discharge after intercourse in 45% and 42.5% patients respectively, at the end of 4th week from baseline. At the end of 4th week, itching, dyspareunia and vaginal irritation had a reduction in 50%, 37.5% and 35% patients respectively, from baseline. At the end of 4th week, dysuria and lower abdominal pain had a reduction in 15% and 30% patients respectively, from baseline. Conclusion: Femiforte Tablets produced a significant reduction in all the parameters associated with leucorrhoea, assessed after 4 weeks of treatment. In addition, a significant improvement in clinical global impression in efficacy and tolerability was also observed. No adverse events were reported by any patients. This indicates that Femiforte Tablet is clinically effective and safe in leucorrhoea.
PENGARUH FLYPAPER EFFECT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA (STUDI KOMPARASI PEMERINTAH KOTA DENGAN KABUPATEN)
Authors: Purba Kezia Aranthxa , Susilo
Published: September 2024

Flypaper Effect is a situation where the expenditure of a region tends to be more responsive to transfer funds than its own regional income. The purpose of the study is to examine and analyze the flypaper effect, and to determine whether regional expenditure can act as a mediating variable between income and economic growth. By conducting a comparative study between cities and regencies in North Sumatra Province in 2011-2019, by applying path analysis. The results of the study show that in these cities and regencies there was a flypaper effect and regional expenditure was unable to mediate own regional income to economic growth. Therefore, to achieve fiscal autonomy and financial independence, it is necessary to minimize the flypaper effect and determine the allocation of regional expenditure effectively.
IMPLEMENTASI MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX DALAM MENGUKUR KEEFEKTIVITASAN PENGUKURAN KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Salshabilla Herdyanti Martoni , Shofwan
Published: September 2024

So far, measuring poverty in Indonesia still refers to the Poverty Line (GK) approach carried out by the Badan Pusat Statisitk (BPS), which is the institution given the authority to calculate poverty rates. Meanwhile, the problem of poverty today is no longer uni-dimensional but multidimensional. This research was conducted with the aim of applying the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in measuring the effectiveness of measuring the Poverty Line (GK) approach in Indonesia. Then, this research provides an outline of the advantages and disadvantages of poverty measurement in Indonesia and analyzes the effectiveness of poverty measurement by applying the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). After that provides recommendations for policy makers regarding the most appropriate poverty measures.
PENGARUH TENAGA KERJA DAN UPAH EKONOMI KREATIF TERHADAP PDB
Authors: Nabila Alifia , Muljaningsih Sri
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze (1) the influence of the number of workers in the creative economy sector on Indonesia's GDP; (2) the influence of labor wages in the creative economy sector on Indonesia's GDP; (3) the influence of the number of workers and wages in the creative economy sector on Indonesia's GDP. The research method used in this research is quantitative associative relationships between two or more variables. The data used is data that has been processed from the results of the National Labor Force Survey of the Central Statistics Agency in the Report of the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as GDP data in Indonesia from 2018-2021. The data analysis method used in this research is panel data regression which consists of model selection tests, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis tests. Based on the research results, it shows that (1) creative economy workers have an effect on gross domestic product (2) wages for creative economy workers have no effect on gross domestic product (3) creative economy workers and wages have a simultaneous effect on gross domestic product.
ANALISIS PENGARUH STATUS PERKAWINAN DAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN TENAGA KERJA PEREMPUAN PADA INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR
Authors: Lumbanraja Tricia , Syafitri Wildan
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of marital status and educational level on female labor income in the manufacturing sector in East Java. The study also includes age, migration, and the number of dependents as control variables. The research method used is quantitative, utilizing data from the 2022 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas). The analysis method employed in this study is multiple linear regression. The research findings indicate that education significantly and positively affects income. Marital status significantly and negatively influences income, while age significantly and negatively impacts income. Additionally, the number of dependents significantly and positively affects income. However, the variable of migration does not significantly influence income.