bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Racist Discrimination, Coping, Stress, and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Barnes Peter W. , Lightsey Owen Richard
Published: December 2011

In this study, avoidance coping and problem‐solving coping (inversely) predicted stress, and stress and avoidance coping inversely predicted life satisfaction among 114 African American students. Coping did not moderate racial discrimination stress or stress‐life satisfaction relationships. Fostering problem solving and reducing avoidance may help to alleviate racism‐related stress and foster well‐being.

En este estudio, evitar sobrellevar y sobrellevar la resolución de problemas (a lo inverso) de estrés predicho, estrés, y el evitar sobrellevar a la inversa predicha de la satisfacción de vida, entre 114 estudiantes Afro‐Americanos. El sobrellevar no moderó el estrés de la discriminacion racial ni relaciones de satisfacción en el estrés de vida. Fomentar la resolución del problema y reducir el evitar puede ayudar a aliviar el estrés relacionado al racismo y fomentar el bienestar.
The Relation of Cultural Mistrust and Psychological Health
Authors: Bell Tyronn J. , Tracey Terence J. G.
Published: December 2011

The relation between cultural mistrust and psychological health was examined using a sample of 125 African American students. Results did not support the notion that mistrust of Whites is psychologically healthy but suggested that a moderate amount of trust of Whites is related to perceptions of personal well‐being.

La relación entre la descofianza cultural y la salud psicológica se examinó utilizando una muestra de 125 estudiantes Americanos Africanos. Los resultados no sostuvieron la noción que la desconfianza de los Blancos es psicológicamente sana pero sugirió que una cantidad moderada de la desconfianza de los Blancos es relacionada a percepciones del bienestar personal.
Predictors of Racial Prejudice in White American Counseling Students
Authors: Castillo Linda G. , Conoley Collie W. , King Jennifer , Rollins Dahl , Rivera Saori , Veve Mia
Published: December 2011

This study extends the research on racial prejudice by combining previously identified predictors into 1 study to determine their relative importance in contributing to racial prejudice. Results revealed that White racial identity significantly predicted racial prejudice when demographic variables were controlled. Implications of reducing racial prejudice of White American counseling students are discussed.

Este estudio extiende la investigación sobre el prejuicio racial combinando pronosticadores previamente identificados en 1 estudio para determinar su importancia relativa a contribuir al prejuicio racial. Los resultados revelaron que la identidad racial Blanca apreciablemente predijo el prejuicio racial cuando los variables demográficas son controladas. Las implicaciones para reducir el prejuicio racial de estudiantes Americano Blanco que aconsejan es discutido.
The Effect of Normative and Behavioral Persuasion on Help Seeking in Thai and American College Students
Authors: Christopher Michael S. , Skillman Gemma D. , Kirkhart Matthew W. , D'Souza June B.
Published: December 2011

On the basis of previous research on self‐construals, the theory of reasoned action, and persuasive communication, the authors hypothesized that individual, behavioral‐focused information would be more effective in increasing help‐seeking intention among college students in the United States, whereas relational, normative‐focused information would be more effective among college students in Thailand. Results partially supported these predictions, suggesting that different information can enhance help‐seeking intention across cultures.

En la investigación previa en el auto‐construals, la teoría de la acción razonada, y de comunicación persuasiva, los autores formaron una hipótesis que el individuo, la información enfocado‐conductista sería más efectiva en aumentar la intención de buscar ayuda entre estudiantes colegiales en los Estados Unidos, mientras que la información relacional y enfocado‐normativo sería más efectiva entre estudiantes colegiales en Tailandia. Los resultados sostuvieron parcialmente estas predicciones, sugiriendo que la información diferente puede aumentar la intención de la busca de ayuda a través de culturas.
Examining Racial Identity and Masculinity as Correlates of Self‐Esteem and Psychological Distress in Black Men
Authors: Mahalik James R. , Pierre Martin R. , Wan Samuel S. C.
Published: December 2011

Data presented for 124 young adult Black men indicate that self‐esteem was positively related to participants' Internalization racial identity attitudes, and negatively related to conformity to traditional masculine norms in the dominant culture in the United States. Psychological distress was positively related to Pre‐Encounter and Immersion‐Emersion racial identity attitudes (J. E. Helms, 1995) and to conformity to masculine norms.

Los datos se presentan para 124 jovenes adultos Negros, que indican que el autoestima fue relacionado positivamente a la Interiorización actitudes de la identidad racial, y negativamente relacionado a la conformidad a normas masculinas tradicionales en la cultura dominante en los Estados Unidos. La angustia psicológica fue relacionada positivamente al Pre‐Encounter y el Immersion‐Emersion actitudes de la identidad racial (J. E. Helms, 1995), y a la conformidad a las normas masculinas.
White Racial Identity: Science, Faith, and Pseudoscience
Authors: Rowe Wayne
Published: December 2011

J. E. Helms's (1995b) White racial identity theory is said to resemble a pseudoscience in certain respects because its empirical support is based on the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale (J. E. Helms & R. T. Carter, 1990) in spite of consistent evidence that the instrument does not measure the constructs that the theory proposes.

J. E. Helms's (1995b) la teoría racial blanca de la identidad se dice para asemejarse a un seudociencia en ciertos respeto porque su apoyo empírico se basa en la Escala Racial Blanca de la Actitud de la Identidad (J. E. Helms & R. T. Carter, 1990) a pesar de la constante evidencia que el instrumento no mide el constructo que la teoría propone.
Comparing Multicultural With General Counseling Knowledge and Skill Competency for Students Who Completed Counselor Training
Authors: Cates Jennifer T. , Schaefle Scott E. , Smaby Marlowe H. , Maddux Cleborne D. , Le Beauf Ireon
Published: December 2011

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a counselor education program in teaching multicultural counseling knowledge and skills. Standardized examination scores and rater evaluations compare multicultural with general counseling knowledge and skill competency for students who completed a counseling master's program. The relationship between multicultural knowledge and multicultural and general skills is examined.

Este estudio evalúa la efectividad de un programa educativo para consejeros a la hora de enseñar conocimientos y habilidades multiculturales en consejería. Se emplean tanto resultados estandarizados de exámenes como evaluaciones docentes para comparar los conocimientos de consejeria y la competencia en habilidades de tipo general con los multiculturales en estudiantes que han completado un Máster en Consejería. Se examina la relación entre conocimientos multiculturales y habilidades generales y multiculturales.
Working With Immigrant Students in Schools: The Role of School Counselors in Building Cross‐Cultural Bridges
Authors: Goh Michael , Wahl Kay Herting , McDonald Julie Koch , Brissett Annette A. , Yoon Eunju
Published: December 2011

School counselors are poised to play a significant role within comprehensive school counseling programs in addressing the needs of immigrant children in schools. The authors describe how school counselors can have a positive impact on the adjustment of immigrant students by building cross‐cultural bridges through the use of cross‐cultural simulations and activities.

Los consejeros escolares se encuentran en una buena posición para jugar un papel significativo dentro de los programas exhaustivos de consejería escolar que tratan las necesidades de los niños inmigrantes en las escuelas. Los autores describen cómo los consejeros escolares pueden tener un impacto positivo en la adaptación de los alumnos inmigrantes por medio de la construcción de puentes interculturales a través del uso de simulaciones y actividades interculturales.
Bereavement and Coping of south Asian Families post 9/11
Authors: Inman Arpana G. , Yeh Christine J. , Madan‐Bahel Anvita , Nath Shivani
Published: December 2011

Eleven first‐generation South Asian family members who lost a relative in the World Trade Center attacks on September 11, 2001, were interviewed about their loss and their coping strategies. Data were analyzed using consensual qualitative research (CQR) methodology. Participant responses clearly delineated bereavement reactions and coping within a cultural framework.

Once miembros de una familia surasiática de primera generación que perdieron a un pariente en el atentado contra el World Trade Center el 11 de septiembre de 2001 fueron entrevistados acerca de su pérdida y las estrategias que emplearon para soportarla. Los datos se analizaron siguiendo una metodología de investigación cualitativa consensuada (CQR, por sus siglas en inglés). Las respuestas de los participantes delinearon con claridad sus reacciones ante el dolor sufrido y cómo lo sobrellevaron dentro de un marco cultural.
Cultural Dysthymia: An Unrecognized Disorder Among African Americans?
Authors: Vontress Clemmont E. , Woodland Calvin E. , Epp Lawrence
Published: December 2011

Many African Americans experience low‐grade depression, referred to as dysthymia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000). After more than 250 years of enslavement, prejudice, and discrimination, dysthymia is reflected in chronic low‐grade sadness, anger, hostility, aggression, self‐hatred, hopelessness, and self‐destructive behaviors. To avoid misdiagnosis, counselors need to understand how cultural factors can elicit a collective psychological condition in an oppressed group.

Muchos Afroamericanos experimentan depresión leve, llamada distimia en el Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4a ed., texto rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Después de más de 250 años de esclavitud, prejuicio y discriminación, la distimia se refleja como tristeza crónica leve, ira, hostilidad, agresividad, odio a uno mismo, desesperanza y comportamientos autodestructivos. Para evitar un diagnóstico erróneo, los consejeros deben comprender cómo los factores culturales pueden acarrear una condición psicológica colectiva en un grupo oprimido.
Adaptations of Professional Ethics Among Counselors Living and Working in a Remote Native Canadian Community
Authors: Wihak Christine , Merali Noorfarah
Published: December 2011

Eight non‐Native counselors who temporarily relocated to the Native Canadian community of Nunavut were interviewed upon their return about experiences working with Inuit clients that challenged their professional training. Analysis of the counselors' narratives suggested that they used a social constructivism approach to manage confidentiality, negotiate boundaries, and redefine ethical practice to mirror community values.

Ocho consejeros no nativos que se trasladaron temporalmente a la comunidad Nativa Canadiense de Nunavut fueron entrevistados a su vuelta acerca de sus experiencias trabajando con clientes Inuit, que cuestionaron su formación profesional. Los análisis de las narraciones de los consejeros indicaron que estos emplearon un enfoque basado en el constructivismo social para manejar la confidencialidad, negociar límites y redefinir su práctica ética para reflejar los valores de la comunidad.
Understanding the Mental Health Needs of American Muslims: Recommendations and Considerations for Practice
Authors: Ahmed Sameera , Reddy Linda A.
Published: December 2011

American Muslims represent a heterogeneous population that is underserved by the mental health community, despite increased psychological distress reported since 9/11. This article offers professionals an understanding of the mental health needs of American Muslims. Recommendations for conducting culturally responsive assessments and treatment are offered.

Los Musulmanes Americanos representan un grupo de población heterogéneo que no se encuentra suficientemente abastecido por la comunidad de profesionales en salud mental, a pesar de un creciente malestar psicológico observado desde el 9/11. Este artículo of rece a los profesionales un entendimiento de las necesidades en salud mental de los Musulmanes Americanos. Se ofrecen tratamientos y recomendaciones para llevar a cabo evaluaciones culturalmente sensibles.
The Appropriateness of Using Three Measures of Self‐Beliefs With European American, Latino/a, and Native American College Freshmen
Authors: Kurpius Sharon E. Robinson , Payakkakom Anusorn , Rayle Andrea Dixon , Chee Christine , Arredondo Patricia
Published: December 2011

The authors investigated the psychometric appropriateness of the Valuing/Commitment to Education scale (A. M. Gloria, 1993), the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (M. Rosenberg, 1965), and the Educational Self‐Efficacy Scale (A. M. Gloria, 1993) for use with European American, Latina/o, and Native American college freshmen. Strong to moderate reliabilities were found, as was initial evidence of validity across groups.

Los autores investigaron la idoneidad psicométrica de la Valoración/Compromiso con la Escala de Educación (A. M. Gloria, 1993), la Escala Rosenberg de Autoestima (M. Rosenberg, 1965) y la Escala de Autoeficacia Educativa (A. M. Gloria, 1993) para su uso con alumnos universitarios Euroamericanos, Latinos y Americanos Nativos de primer curso. Se hallaron datos que prueban una fiabilidad entre moderada y alta, como lo fue tambien la validez observada inicialmente entre los grupos.
Definitions of Multicultural Competence: Frontline Human Service Providers' Perspective
Authors: Caldwell Leon D. , Tarver Dolores D. , Iwamoto Derek K. , Herzberg Sarah E. , Cerda‐Lizarraga Patricia , Mack Tabethah
Published: December 2011

In this qualitative study, the authors explored definitions of multicultural competence given by 99 frontline human service providers. The providers had no formal training in counseling but served in a helping role. Seven thematic definitions emerged: color blindness, client focused, acknowledgment of cultural differences, textbook consistent, resource driven, skills‐based, and self‐integrated. Implications for multicultural competence are discussed.

En este estudio cualitativo, los autores exploraron las definiciones de competencia multicultural ofrecidas por 99 proveedores de servicios humanos de primera línea. Los proveedores no tenían una formación oficial en consejería, pero actuaban en roles de ayuda. Surgieron como resultado siete definiciones temáticas: indiferente al color, enfocada hacia el cliente, reconocimiento de diferencias culturales, libro de texto, guiada por los recursos, habilidades y autointegrada. Se discuten las implicaciones para la competencia multicultural.
Exploring the Relationships Among Multicultural Training Experiences and Attitudes Toward Diversity Among Counseling Students
Authors: Dickson Ginger L. , Jepsen David A. , Barbee Phillip W.
Published: December 2011

The authors surveyed a national sample of master's‐level counseling students regarding their multicultural training experiences and their attitudes toward racial diversity and gender equity (see G. L. Dickson & D. A. Jepsen, 2007). Hierarchical regression models showed that student perceptions of program cultural ambience predicted positive cognitive attitudes toward racial diversity. Participatory instructional strategies predicted positive affective attitudes toward racial diversity.

Los autores entrevistaron a una muestra nacional de estudiantes de Master en programas de consejería en relación a sus experiencias en formación multicultural y sus actitudes hacia la diversidad racial y la igualdad de sexo (ver G. L. Dickson & D. A. Jepsen, 2007). Los modelos de regresión jerárquica mostraron que las percepciones de los estudiantes de la atmósfera cultural en sus programas predijeron actitudes cognitivas positivas hacia la diversidad racial. Las estrategias didácticas participativas predijeron actitudes afectivas positivas hacia la diversidad racial.
Developing Cross‐Racial Self‐Efficacy: A Longitudinal Examination of the Role of Cross‐Racial Mastery Experiences
Authors: Liang Christopher T. H. , Prince Jessica K.
Published: December 2011

A social‐cognitive model for the development of cross‐racial self‐efficacy was developed and tested in a longitudinal study involving a racially and culturally diverse sample of undergraduate students (N = 879). Multiple group analyses indicated that the model fit equally well for men and women and for White students and ethnic minority students.

En un estudio longitudinal que involucró a un grupo de estudiantes racial y culturalmente diverso (N = 879), se desarrolló y probó un modelo socio‐cognitivo para el desarrollo de la autoeficacia interracial. Múltiples análisis del grupo indicaron que el modelo se adapta igualmente bien a hombres y mujeres, así como a estudiantes Blancos y de minorías étnicas.
Early Intervention With Latino Families: Implications for Practice
Authors: Withrow Rebecca L.
Published: December 2011

Counselors and early interventionists increasingly serve Spanish‐speaking families. Yet, often, cultural accommodations merely imply use of interpreters or bilingual providers. Cultural competence requires self‐awareness and understanding the client's community and specific risk and resiliency factors. Implications for serving clients of Latino origins are discussed and illustrated with a case study.

Cada vez hay más consejeros y agentes de intervención temprana proporcionando servicios a familias de habla hispana. Sin emargo, las acomodaciones culturales se limitan con frecuencia al uso de intérpretes o proveedores bilingües. La competencia cultural requiere conocimiento de uno mismo y una comprensión de la comunidad del cliente, así como de los los factores de riesgo y resistencia específicos. Se discuten las implicaciones para servir a los clientes de origen Latino, y se ilustran con un estudio de caso.
The Relationship Between Perfectionism and Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Among High School Adolescents in Turkey
Authors: Öngen Demet Erol
Published: December 2011

The author investigated the contribution of perfectionism to life satisfaction among Turkish adolescents. The analyses revealed that high standards and orderliness/organization were positive predictors of life satisfaction, whereas the discrepancy between one's standards and one's actual performance was a negative predictor of life satisfaction.

El autor investigó la contribución del perfeccionismo a la satisfacción vital entre adolescentes turcos. Los análisis revelaron que las expectativas elevadas y el orden/organización fueron indicadores de predicción positivos de la satisfacción vital, mientras que la discrepancia entre las expectativas propias y el rendimiento real fue un indicador de predicción negativo de la satisfacción vital.
Evidence‐Based Practice and Its Implications for Culturally Sensitive Treatment
Authors: Roysircar Gargi
Published: December 2011

The author discusses the adherence of culturally sensitive treatment (CST) to evidence‐based practice. CST is distinguished from empirically supported treatment. Therapists are advancing CST by designing and evaluating interventions and evolving their understanding of what makes CST work.

La autora discute la adherencia del tratamiento culturalmente sensible (CST, por sus siglas en inglés) a la práctica basada en evidencias. El CST se distingue del tratamiento empíricamente sostenido. Los terapeutas están desarrollando el CST diseñando y evaluando intervenciones y evolucionando en su comprensión de los factores que hacen del CST un tratamiento eficaz.
Race and Ethnicity in Empirical Research: An 18‐Year Review
Authors: Shelton Kimber L. , Delgado‐Romero Edward A. , Wells Eliza M.
Published: December 2011

Extending previous research (E. A. Delgado‐Romero, N. Galván, P. Maschino, & M. Rowland, 2005) regarding race and ethnicity in counseling and counseling psychology, this article examined how race and ethnicity were reported and used in empirical studies published in diversity‐focused journals from 1990 to 2007. The results are discussed and compared with previous findings.

Ampliando investigaciones anteriores (E. A. Delgado‐Romero, N. Galván, P. Maschino, & M. Rowland, 2005) sobre raza y etnicidad en la consejería y psicología terapéutica, este artículo examina cómo la raza y etnicidad fueron presentadas y utilizadas en los estudios empíricos aparecidos en publicaciones centradas en la diversidad desde 1990 hasta 2007. Los resultados se analizan y comparan con los de hallazgos anteriores.
Research With African Americans: Lessons Learned About Recruiting African American Women
Authors: Coker Angela D. , Huang Hsin‐Hsin , Kashubeck‐West Susan
Published: December 2011

The authors briefly explore literature related to recruiting African American research participants, reflect on their experiences conducting body image research with a sample of African American college women in an earlier study (s. Kashubeck‐West et al., 2008), and discuss some methodological and cultural challenges that they encountered during data collection for the study.

Los autores exploran brevemente la literatura relacionada con el reclutamiento de individuos afroamericanos para participar en estudios de investigación, reflexionan sobre sus experiencias al llevar a cabo estudios sobre imagen corporal con una muestra de mujeres afroamericanas universitarias en un estudio anterior (S. Kashubeck‐West et al., 2008) y por último discuten algunos de los desafíos metodológicos y culturales con los que tuvieron que enfrentarse durante la recopilación de datos para el estudio.
Cultural Considerations in Counseling Couples Who Experience Infertility
Authors: Burnett Judith A.
Published: December 2011

Infertility creates challenges affecting various aspects of couples' intimate lives. Practices regarding reproduction are often shaped by cultural messages. Culturally sensitive treatment methods help counselors provide effective therapy to couples with fertility problems. This article describes cultural influences, challenges, and counseling interventions for couples struggling with infertility.

La infertilidad crea una serie de desafíos que afectan a varios aspectos de la vida íntima de las parejas. Las prácticas relacionadas con la reproducción son determinadas frecuentemente por mensajes culturales. Unos métodos de tratamiento culturalmente sensibles ayudan a los consejeros a proporcionar una terapia eficaz para las parejas con problemas de fertilidad. Este artículo describe las influencias culturales, los desafíos y las intervenciones de consejería para parejas que sufren a causa de su infertilidad.
A Review of Experimental Studies of Explicit and Implicit Bias Among Counselors
Authors: Boysen Guy A.
Published: December 2011

Bias is a central concept in multicultural competency, but counseling research has largely ignored implicit bias. A review of bias research in counseling indicates that increased focus on implicit bias is warranted because counselors tend not to report explicit bias and have implicit bias that diverges from their self‐reported attitudes.

El sesgo es un concepto esencial para la competencia multicultural, pero la investigación relacionada con la consejería ha ignorado en su mayoría el sesgo implícito. Una revisión de los estudios sobre consejería indica que está justificado aumentar la atención hacia el sesgo implícito, porque los consejeros tienden a no informar sobre el sesgo explícito y tienen sesgos implícitos que no se corresponden con sus actitudes autoinformadas
Transculturals: Identifying the Invisible Minority
Authors: McDonald K. Elizabeth
Published: December 2011

Transculturals spend their formative years in countries other than their country of origin. Specific issues addressed in this article are unique characteristics, prevalence rates, and developmental outcomes of transculturals. The author provides a culturally sensitive treatment model for transculturals, based on G. Roysircar's (2009) Multicultural Relationship Model.

Los individuos transculturales pasan sus años formativos en un país distinto a su país de origen. Los asuntos específicos tratados en este artículo son sus características únicas, índices de prevalencia, y resultados de su desarrollo. El autor proporciona un modelo de tratamiento culturalmente sensible hacia los individuos transculturales, basado en el Modelo de Relaciones Multiculturales de G. Roysircar (2009).
Multicultural Counselor Training in a Single Course: Review of Research
Authors: Malott Krista M.
Published: December 2011

In an effort to provide clarity and future direction in training and research practices, this article consolidates the literature related to outcomes from a single multicultural counseling course (e.g., a course of 15 to 17 weeks). A critique of the literature and implications for future research and training are included.

En un esfuerzo para proporcionar claridad y dirección para el futuro de la práctica de formación e investigación, este artículo consolida la literatura relacionada con los resultados derivados de un único curso de consejería multicultural (por ejemplo, un curso de 15 a 17 semanas). Se incluye también una crítica de la literatura y las implicaciones futuras para la investigación y formación.
Grief Counseling for Muslim Preschool and Elementary School Children
Authors: Baggerly Jennifer , Abugideiri Salma Elkadi
Published: December 2011

This article describes Sunni Muslims' view of death, mourning and burial rituals, and accepted healing practices. Interventions for addressing death with Muslim children, group counseling, play therapy, and community outreach are discussed. A case study of interventions for coping with a preschool Muslim boy's death is provided.

Este artículo describe la perspectiva sobre la muerte, el luto y los rituales de enterramiento, así como las prácticas de curación aceptadas de los musulmanes suníes. Se discuten intervenciones para tratar de la muerte con niños musulmanes, consejería de grupo, terapia de juego y vinculación con la comunidad. Se incluye un estudio de caso de intervenciones para el afrontamiento de la muerte de un niño musulman en edad preescolar.
Guidelines for Multicultural Assessment: An Asian Indian American Case Study
Authors: Braun Frances K. , Fine Emily S. , Greif Dan C. , Devenny Jean M.
Published: December 2011

Accurate assessment of ethnic minority clients is often hindered by clinician bias and lack of culturally sensitive instruments. Multicultural guidelines can enhance clinician awareness and sensitivity in conducting assessments with diverse populations. These guidelines are illustrated using an Asian Indian American character from Lahiri's (2008) novel Unaccustomed Earth.

La evaluación precisa de clientes pertenecientes a minorías étnicas se ve con frecuencia dificultada por el sesgo de los especialistas clínicos y la falta de instrumentos culturalmente sensibles. Las directrices multiculturales pueden ampliar la conciencia de los especialistas y su sensibilidad al llevar a cabo evaluaciones con poblaciones diversas. Estas directrices se ilustran usando un personaje indoasiáticoamericano extraído de la novela Unaccustomed Earth de Lahiri (2008).
The Role of Judaism in Family Relationships
Authors: Krieger Aliza Y.
Published: December 2011

This article explores the religious and social underpinnings of family as a central social structure to Jewish life. Torah and Talmudic sources, conceptual papers, and empirical research that address the relevance of family to Judaism are examined. Suggestions for working with Jewish families in a therapeutic setting are provided.

Este artículo explora los fundamentos religiosos y sociales de la familia como estructura social central en la vida judía. Se examinan fuentes de la Torah y el Talmud, ensayos conceptuales e investigaciones empíricas que tratan la relevancia de la familia en el judaísmo. Se proporcionan sugerencias para trabajar con familias judías en un entorno terapéutico.
Culturally Focused Community‐Centered Service Learning: An International Cultural Immersion Experience
Authors: Tomlinson‐Clarke Saundra M. , Clarke Darren
Published: December 2011

An immersion training model is described that incorporates culturally focused community‐centered service in South Africa as an experiential learning approach. Recommendations for developing international cultural immersion training with a goal of developing cultural competencies are suggested.

Se describe un modelo formativo de inmersión que incorpora servicios culturalmente enfocados centrados en la comunidad en Sudáfrica como una aproximación experimental de aprendizaje. Se sugieren recomendaciones para desarrollar programas formativos de inmersión cultural con el objetivo de desarollar competencias culturales.
African American Male Leaders in Counseling: Interviews With Five AMCD Past Presidents
Authors: Smith Megan L. , Roysircar Gargi
Published: December 2011

Interviews with 5 African American male past presidents of the Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development provided insights into minority leadership. Among observed themes, a communal worldview permeated actions, historical events affected development, personal traits and external resources promoted resilience, and skin color affected awareness of an unjust world and advocacy needs.

Las entrevistas con 5 ex‐presidentes varones afroamericanos de la Asociación para la Consejería y Desarrollo Multicultural (AMCD, por sus siglas en inglés) proporcionaron un buen entendimiento de lo que supone el liderazgo para las minorías. Entre los temas observados, una visión del mundo comunitaria impregnó sus acciones, los sucesos históricos afectaron a su desarrollo, sus rasgos personales y recursos externos estimularon su capacidad de resistencia, y su color de piel afectó a su conciencia de un mundo injusto y las necesidades de defensoría.
Discrimination History, Backlash Fear, and Ethnic Identity Among Arab Americans: Post‐9/11 Snapshots
Authors: Nassar‐McMillan Sylvia C. , Lambert Richard G. , Hakim‐Larson Julie
Published: December 2011

The authors examined discrimination history, backlash fear, and ethnic identity of Arab Americans nationally at 3 times, beginning shortly after September 11, 2001. Relations between variables were moderate, and discrimination history and backlash fear were statistically significant predictors of ethnic identity. Implications for acculturation and ethnic identity are discussed.

Los autores examinaron la historia de la discriminación, el miedo a las reacciones violentas, y la identidad étnica de individuos Americanos de origen Árabe a nivel nacional en 3 momentos distintos, comenzando poco tiempo después del 11 de Septiembre de 2001. Las relaciones entre las variables fueron moderadas, y la historia de la discriminación y el miedo a las reacciones violentas pronosticaron con una fiabilidad estadísticamente significativa el nivel de identidad étnica. Se discuten las implicaciones para la aculturación y la identidad étnica.
Multicultural Environments of Academic Versus Internship Training Programs: Lessons to Be Learned
Authors: Peters Heather J. , Krumm Angela J. , Gonzales Rufus R. , Gunter Kensa K. , Paez Karen N. , Zygowicz Sharon D. , Haggins Kristee L.
Published: December 2011

Psychology training programs have a responsibility to train multiculturally competent psychologists. Predoctoral interns were surveyed to compare the multicultural environment of academic and internship programs. Internship programs were perceived as more multicultural than were academic programs. Factors contributing to differences are examined, and suggestions are made for improving multicultural environments in training.

Los programas de formación en psicología tienen la responsabilidad de formar psicólogos competentes multiculturalmente. Se entrevistó a interinos predoctorales para comparar el ambiente multicultural de sus programas académicos y de interinidad. Se percibió que los programas de interinidad eran más multiculturales que los programas académicos. Se examinan los factores que contribuyen a estas diferencias, y se ofrecen sugerencias para mejorar los ambientes multiculturales en la formación.
Development of Translation Materials to Assess International Students' Mental Health Concerns
Authors: Chalungsooth Pornthip , Schneller Gregory R.
Published: December 2011

International college students in the United States often face adjustment difficulties; therefore, cultural sensitivity is necessary to help them express their concerns. This article describes the development of translations of international students' common mental health concerns into 7 languages. Suggestions for the use of translated materials with distressed international students are provided.

Los estudiantes internacionales universitarios en los Estados Unidos se enfrentan a menudo con dificultades de ajuste; por lo tanto, la sensibilidad cultural es necesaria para ayudarles a expresar sus preocupaciones. Este artículo describe el desarrollo de traducciones a 7 idiomas de problemas de salud mental comunes. Se ofrecen sugerencias sobre cómo usar los materiales traducidos con estudiantes internacionales afligidos.
Let's Talk: Getting Out of the Counseling Center to Serve Hard‐to‐Reach Students
Authors: Boone Matthew S. , Edwards Gene R. , Haltom Maurice , Hill Jill S. , Liang Ya‐Shu , Mier Sharon R. , Shropshire Sonya Y. , Belizaire Lonette S. , Kamp Laure Conklin , Murthi Meera , Wong Wai‐Kwong , Yau Tow Yee
Published: December 2011

This article describes Let's Talk, a counseling center outreach program. Counselors hold walk‐in hours across campus to engage students who might not otherwise seek counseling. Locations are chosen to reach underserved communities. Counselors offer informal consultation, a less formal alternative to traditional counseling.

Este artículo describe Let's Talk (Hablemos), un programa de acercamiento a los centros de consejería. Los consejeros mantienen horas de puertas abiertas sin cita previa en distintos lugares del campus para atraer a estudiantes que de otra forma no buscarían acceso a la consejería. Las ubicaciones se eligen para alcanzar comunidades con servicios insuficientes. Los consejeros ofrecen consultas informales, una alternativa menos formal a la consejería tradicional.
Alcohol Use, Acculturative Stress, and Drinking Motivation Among International Community College Students
Authors: Koyama Chieko , Belli Gabriella
Published: December 2011

Alcohol use, acculturative stress, and drinking motivations of 262 students in English as a second language programs in a U.S. community college were explored. Alcohol consumption was generally low, but differences between two groups with different legal statuses indicate the need to consider subgroups of international students for research purposes.

Se exploraron el uso de alcohol, el estrés por aculturación y las motivaciones para beber de 262 alumnos en programas de inglés como lengua extranjera en una universidad comunitaria estadounidense. El consumo de alcohol fue moderadamente bajo, pero las diferencias entre dos grupos con diferente estatus legal indican la necesidad de considerar subgrupos de estudiantes internacionales a la hora de realizar investigaciones.
Transcultural wellness: An Exploratory Study
Authors: McDonald K. Elizabeth
Published: December 2011

This study explored differences in wellness scores between a transcultural sample and the normative sample of the Five Factor wellness Inventory (5F‐wel; Myers & Sweeney, 2005c). Differences between the two groups were found on all scales of the 5f‐wel, with transculturals scoring higher than the normative sample. Implications for practitioners and researchers are presented for those working with transculturals.

Este estudio exploró las diferencias en puntuaciones de bienestar entre una muestra transcultural y la muestra normativa de los Cinco factores del Inventario de Bienestar (5F‐wel, por sus siglas en inglés; Myers & Sweeney, 2005c). Se hallaron diferencias entre los dos grupos en todas las escalas del 5f‐wel, con las puntuaciones transculturales siendo más altas que la muestra normativa. Se presentan implicaciones para profesionales e investigadores que estén trabajando con individuos transculturales.
Client Precounseling Preparation in an Employment Service Setting
Authors: Kramer Anthony L. , Snyder Jack L.
Published: December 2011

It is hypothesized that vocational clients who receive precounseling preparation adopt a role in counseling that is more realistic and effective than the role adopted by clients who do not receive such preparation. Twenty‐four Ss who were given a precounseling lecture‐discussion were compared to twenty‐three control Ss. The hypothesis was verified. Other implications of the study are discussed.
A STUDY OF VARIABLES RELATED TO SELECTED JOB PLACEMENT CRITERIA
Authors: Tomlin William A. , Anderson Harry E.
Published: December 2011

A random sample of 70 training program graduates from the Georgia Rehabilitation Center was used in the present study. Three placement criteria were as follows: 1) salary; 2) number of weeks between graduation and employment; and 3) number of contacts by a field rehabilitation counselor between graduation and closure. Data were collected on 55 test and rating variables during the students' evaluation and training periods, and intercorrelations were examined to determine significant relationships between these variables and the selected criteria. The results were discussed in terms of program implications.
GROUP GUIDANCE IN AN EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SETTING
Authors: Sullivan Dorothy R.
Published: December 2011

Since socialization is a learned process, it has been hypothesized that through a group experience individuals might be assisted to develop improved interpersonal relationships, improved self‐confidence, and more relevant work attitudes and, thus, might be assisted to improve their employability. A questionnaire was devised in order to study the utilization and practice of group guidance in an Employment Service setting.
VOCATIONAL VALUES AND EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES OF THE DISADVANTAGED
Authors: Bitter James A. , Ray Charles C. , Kunce Joseph T. , Lawver Dale L. , Miller Douglas E.
Published: December 2011

There is conflicting opinion regarding the vocational values of disadvantaged persons. This study was conducted to examine vocational values and employment outcomes of 21 disadvantaged and 20 not‐disadvantaged clients previously served by a U.S. Employment Service office. The Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ) was used to measure vocational values, and two measures of disadvantagement were compared with employment outcome. Only 2 of the 20 MIQ scales revealed significant differences, suggesting that there is a need to consider the individual's unique values rather than presume stereotyped needs. The two measures of disadvantagement correlated significantly with employment status at follow‐up. The finding that only 43 percent of the disadvantaged were employed, in contrast to 90 percent of the not‐disadvantaged, indicates a greater need for specialized services for disadvantaged clients.
Increasing Empathy for Employment Service Counselors: A Practicum
Authors: HOUSLEY WARREN F. , MAGNUS ROBERT E.
Published: December 2011

Outservice practicum training of employment service counselors presents a particular challenge to counselor educators. An overview of a two‐week practicum‐laboratory training program is presented and discussed. The efficacy of the training is examined from the standpoint of helpful levels of empathy presented by the employment service counselors trained. The difference between pretraining and posttraining levels of empathy indicated statistically significant gains were realized.
Employment Counselors' Perceptions of Client Needs
Authors: VARGA F. LOUIS
Published: December 2011

This study measures the differences in types of client needs perceived by various categories of counselors, the types of needs they attempted to help their clients gratify, and the needs that were viewed as gratified. Eighteen counselors and 697 clients (or their records) were used in the study. A five‐category need classification guideline was used by three outside judges to categorize the list of needs compiled by the counselors; agreement among the judges was such that the classification system was deemed appropriate for this study. Differences in need categories were compared using a chi‐square formula and Yates' correction for small frequencies. Significant findings and conclusions are noted and suggestions for further studies are given.
Predicting Work Release Performance For Federal Inmates
Authors: LEVISON ROBERT L. , EASTERLING ROSS E.
Published: December 2011

The problem was to determine the ability of 29 selected independent variables to predict work release performance. An analysis of the data via multiple linear regression showed that the MMPI‐Pd Scale, longest time one job, GATB‐V, age first arrested, wage on work release, longest prior sentence, number times arrested, and age at present provided a significant combination of predictors, with a multiple R of .63.
Predictive Validity of Instructor Ratings in a Skill Training Setting
Authors: TRIMMER HARVEY W.
Published: December 2011

Predictive ratings of trainees in a skill training setting by their instructors are compared and contrasted with first‐line supervisory ratings of the same trainees in an employment setting. An ethnic subgroup analysis suggests some possible differences in terms of range and variations of prediction. Implications are presented for further consideration.
The Delivery of Manpower and Supportive Services to Rural Areas
Authors: FLETCHER FRANK M. , MUNGER PAUL F. , ELLIS LARRY L. , MOCK RICHARD A. , KEMMERER J. WILLIAM
Published: December 2011

This study identifies problems encountered by state employment service agencies and other organizations in the delivery of equitable manpower and supportive services to rural and migrant workers and recommends solutions to these problems.
Educating, Rather than Coaching, for the Job Interview
Authors: HARWOOD RICHARD K.
Published: December 2011

In order for students to successfully secure employment, placement counselors need to regard the total job campaign as an educational process. It begins by accepting students as they are, helping them to identify and clarify their career strengths, weaknesses, and goals, and identifying and contacting prospective employers. It is, theoretically, a never ending process in which the actual employment interview is a small, but important facet.
Accountability: A Total Commitment
Authors: BRUCE TED A. , CAULEY WILLIAM J. , O'MARA RICHARD J.
Published: December 2011

The counseling profession has the knowledge and methodology to provide accountability in delivering its services. What remains is for leaders to use these resources and to develop more effective services. This article describes the program concepts and procedures implemented in one state employment service agency to establish an accountable counseling program. These procedures include the development of a compentency‐based training and supervision system. The competency model is described and its goals are specified. Accountability at all levels of the system is defined, including the responsibility of management to guarantee the public quality counseling services.
Age and Reactions To Task Characteristics
Authors: ALDAG RAMON J. , BRIEF ARTHUR P.
Published: December 2011

A survey using two sample groups examined the differences between older and younger employees in the levels of satisfaction derived from an “enriched” job. The findings of the second sample tend to refute popular stereotypes that suggest that older employees place more importance on extrinsic rewards (that is, high pay and job security) than do younger employees.
Careers for Women In Accounting
Authors: RAYBURN LETRICIA CAYLE
Published: December 2011

Progress is being made in improving employers' attitudes toward women accountants. A few years ago, most organizations did not actively recruit women accountants. Recently, however, accounting firms have become aware of the increasing number of women accounting graduates and are sending women recruiters to college campuses to recruit prospective women applicants.

To analyze the progress in employment opportunities available to women during the past five years, a follow‐up of a survey was conducted. Chi‐square contingency tests were used to analyze some of the results. The survey showed that most accounting firms are either actively trying to solve the problem of discrimination or are at least interested in seeking solutions. Some companies indicated that they would hire more women college graduates if they were qualified accountants.

Women need better career planning and counseling. They should be encouraged to study job market forecasts in view of their personal abilities and goals. Many women either have not been aware of job opportunities in accounting or have been interested in the field but discouraged by the attitudes of parents, professors, or guidance counselors, or overt discrimination by employers. In the past, such attitudes may have caused many capable women to select the more traditional “feminine” professions instead.
The Effects of a Job‐Interview Skills Workshop on Drug‐Abuse Clients
Authors: STEVENS WILLIAM , TORNATZKY LOUIS
Published: December 2011

By performing a field experiment, we tested the hypothesis that a job‐interview skills workshop would improve the employment status of subjects with drug‐abuse problems. Subjects from a drug‐abuse treatment program were randomly assigned either to an experimental situation that included a workshop that stressed behavioral interview skills, such as preparing for an interview, application completion, grooming, nonverbal communication, and phrasing of answers to interviewer questions, or to a control group that received no treatment. A 6‐months follow‐up of subjects showed no significant attitudinal differences between the two groups. All three behavioral measures of employment status showed either significant differences or strong trends in favor of the experimental group, however. Possible alternative explanations of results were discussed and future research suggested.
Vocational Counselor Success Rate as a Criterion for Client Assignment
Authors: COOPER PAUL G. , RUBIN STANFORD E.
Published: December 2011

Although researchers have suspected that rehabilitation counselors may often experience different success rates with different kinds of clients, little effort has been made to determine the best methods of assigning clients to counselors. Our study represents an attempt to provide insight into the desirability of assigning clients to counselors with a high proportion of successful closures with members of the clients' disability group. The criterion of desirability was the Cooper‐Rubin suitability‐of‐placement index. Results indicated no positive relationship between counselors' proportion of successful closures and their average Cooper‐Rubin index scores.
Considerations in Counseling the Retiring Career Officer for Reemployment
Authors: SCHLENOFF DAVID
Published: December 2011

In this article, the unique characteristics of the retiring career officer are discussed, and specific problems encountered by counselors assisting the career officer in his or her transition from the military to civilian work environment are noted. Suggestions are offered concerning counseling such persons for reemployment.