bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrogenation of CO2 over Biochar-Supported Catalysts
Authors: Sviderskiy S. A. , Dement'eva O. S. , Ivantsov M. I. , Grabchak A. A. , Kulikova M. V. , Maksimov A. L.
Published: April 2024

The study investigates hydrogenation of CO2 over mono- and bimetallic catalysts supported on biochar. In this reaction, bimetallic iron–cobalt catalysts were shown to surpass monometallic iron and cobalt catalysts in terms of catalytic performance. The optimal combination of performance parameters was reached at an iron to cobalt ratio of 3 : 1. The composition and genesis of the active phase in the bimetallic Fe–Co catalyst were identified, and the CO2 hydrogenation mechanism was suggested for an iron-dominated bimetallic catalyst. Using biochar as a support was found to provide an active phase composition favorable for CO2 hydrogenation.
Thermal Decomposition of Synthetic Cage Hydrocarbons and Their Mixtures
Authors: Kazakov A. I. , Yanovskiy L. S. , Tomilov Yu. V. , Molokanov A. A. , Plishkin N. A. , Lempert D. B. , Varlamova N. I.
Published: April 2024

The kinetics of thermal decomposition of cage hydrocarbons, specifically exo-tricyclo[5.2.1.02.6]decane (exo-TCD) and exo,endo-tetracyclo[5.3.1.02,6.08,10]undecane (TCU-1, a monocyclo­propanated analog of exo-TCD), as well as their mixture (1 : 3 w/w) has been investigated. These compounds were compared in terms of thermal stability. The molar concentrations of the resultant gaseous products were determined experimentally. The equilibrium composition of the decomposition products was quantified, and the thermal effects of the thermal decomposition under thermodynamic and kinetic reaction control were identified.
Comparative Catalytic Study for Upgrading Mexican Heavy Crude Oil
Authors: Schacht-Hernandez Persi , Perez Romo Patricia , C. Laredo Georgina
Published: April 2024

In this work, the study of three transition metal mixtures: cobalt-molybdenum (CoMo), nickel-molybdenum (NiMo), and nickel-cobalt-molybdenum (NiCoMo) with phosphorus supported on a γ-Al2O3 were studied for the hydroprocessing of heavy crude oil. The different metallic compositions were incorporated on gamma-alumina support by incipient wetness impregnation. The materials obtained were dried at 110°C and calcined to 450°C (4 h). The catalysts were evaluated using a Parr stainless steel batch reactor at 10.6 MPa and 380°C, for one hour. Mexican heavy crude oil named Ku-Ma-Loob Zaap was used and characterized according to its chemical composition: saturates, asphaltenes, resins, and aromatics (SARA). Sulfur and nitrogen were also determined by chemiluminescence techniques. The physical measurements for qualifying the transport properties were API gravity and kinematic viscosity. Among the tested catalysts, NiCoMoP/γ-Al2O3 presented the highest activity, increasing the API gravity from 12.6 to 24.5°API and decreasing the kinematic viscosity from 9.896 to 45 cSt at 25°C. The increasing activity was strongly related to the reducibility of the metals and weakly to the metals content. The surface area and pore volume did not change with the amount of metal, so no effect related to these properties was observed. Phosphorus presence was not discussed, since approximately the same amount was used in the three samples. However, it is known that phosphorus increased the hydrotreating activity due to the increased acidity of the catalyst, making trimetallic catalysts more active than bimetallic ones. In terms of the chemical composition of the upgraded crude oil, it was evident that the asphaltenes, sulfur, and nitrogen contents decreased sharply.
Novel Samarium Cobaltate/Silicon Carbide Composite Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane into Synthesis Gas
Authors: Loktev A. S. , Arkhipova V. A. , Bykov M. A. , Sadovnikov A. A. , Dedov A. G.
Published: April 2024

The paper describes a specifically developed novel samarium cobaltate/silicon carbide composite that transforms into a high-performance carbon-resistant catalyst for dry reforming of methane into syngas (DRM). This 30%SmCoO3/70%SiC composite without hydrogen prereduction was tested in DRM at atmospheric pressure and GHSV 15 L g–1 h–1 (of an equimolar CH4–CO2 mixture). During the test, the yields of hydrogen and carbon monoxide reached 92 and 91 mol %, respectively, at 900°C, and 20 and 28 mol % at 700°C. Using XRD, TGA, and SEM examination, zero carbonization of the catalyst surface was demonstrated. It was found that, in the course of DRM, the initial composite transformed into a material that contained silicon carbide, samarium silicate, and samarium oxide, as well as metallic cobalt nanoparticles (20 nm).
CoPMoV Sulfide Catalysts Supported on Natural Halloysite Nanotubes in Hydrotreating of Dibenzothiophene and Naphthalene
Authors: Vinogradov N. A. , Timoshkina V. V. , Tsilimbaeva E. A. , Zasypalov G. O. , Pimerzin A. A. , Glotov A. P.
Published: April 2024

Mixed sulfided CoMo catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3 and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation with salt solutions of Keggin-type phosphorus- and vanadium-containing heteropolyacids. The synthesized materials were characterized by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, temperature-programmed reduction (both for the oxide and sulfide catalysts), and Raman spectroscopy, and were tested in hydrogenation of naphthalene and hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. The HNT-supported catalyst exhibited a greater activity in these reactions.
Comparative Analysis of High-Viscosity Oils from the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Naftalan Oil Field to Assess Their Balneological Potential
Authors: Vtorushina E. A. , Kul'kov M. G. , Salakhidinova G. T. , Butyrin R. I. , Aliev A. E. , Nigametzyanov I. R. , Vtorushin M. N. , Yakovlev M. Yu. , Kopytov A. G.
Published: April 2024

The physicochemical properties, fractional composition, structural-group composition, molecular composition, and the content of individual SARA fractions were characterized for high-viscosity naphthenic crude oils of the Pokur Formation produced in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (KhMAO), Russia in comparison with therapeutic oil from the Naftalan oil field, Azerbaijan. All the tested oil samples exhibited high density (0.922– 0.956 g/cm3), high boiling points (164–199°C), high molecular weights (302–424 g/mol), and low paraffin content (0.04–0.42 wt %). The greatest similarity in terms of compositions was observed between the samples from the Naftalan and KhMAO-1 oil fields. The SARA analysis revealed a high content of resins and asphaltenes in crude oils from the KhMAO-2 field. This explains the distinctive features of the fractional composition (examined by SimDis simulated distillation) and structural-group composition (n–d–M method) of this sample, specifically its higher content of unevaporated residue (i.e., components that boil above 500°C), higher concentrations of naphthenic and aromatic carbons, and increased ring numbers in ring structures. GC/MS characterization of the molecular composition showed, for all samples, identical sets of adamantane and its homologues, as well as sesquiterpanes, steranes, tricyclic terpanes, aromatic steroids, and, to some extent, naphthalenes. The paraffin-naphthenic fractions of the Naftalan and KhMAO-1 oils consisted mostly of isoprenoid alkanes, and phenanthrenes predominated among the aromatic fractions of these samples. Furthermore, the Naftalan and KhMAO-1 crude oils were similar in the concentrations of adamantanes and decalines. The revealed similarity in the molecular, structural-group, and fractional compositions and in the SARA analysis between the KhMAO and Naftalan crude oils offers good opportunities for alternative uses of the Pokur high-viscosity oils from the KhMAO oil fields as analogs of Naftalan oil and promising raw materials for the production of therapeutic products for the purposes of balneology and practical health care.
Evaluation of Suspended Matter Content in the Coastal Zone of the Northeastern Part of the Black Sea by Relative Transparency
Authors: Konovalov B. V.
Published: April 2024

Based on the materials of 20 expeditions of the IO RAS conducted in various areas of the coastal zone of the Russian sector of the Black Sea in the period from 1999 to 2021, empirical equations the relationship between the relative transparency (depth of visibility of the white disk Zd) and the mass concentrations of the total suspended matter-SM and its mineral – SMM and organic – POM fractions (Csm, Csmm and Csom, respectively) were obtained. The values of Zd were recorded in the range from 0.1 to 21 m, the concentrations of SMM – from 0.11 to 104 mg/L, POM – from 0.09 to 2.0 mg/l and chlorophyll a (Ca) – from 0.03 to 4.4 mcg/l. The relative abundance of the POM in the suspension ranged from 1.1 to 48.7%. The estimation of the error in the calculations according to these equations is carried out. The coefficients of determination r2 = 0.85 (for lgCsm and lgCsmm ) and 0.72 ( for lg Csom). The influence of the concentration of POM – on the accuracy of the calculation of Csmm and the concentration of chlorophyll a on the accuracy of the calculation of Csom was revealed. It is concluded that it is possible to use empirical formulas related to the entire array to calculate the concentrations of these fractions of suspension in the entire studied water area. It is proposed to consider the method of estimating the content of suspension fractions based on the obtained empirical equations as a regional variant of the method of passive sounding of the upper layer of the sea using a white disk.
Seiche Currents of the Azov Sea Based on the Field Observations
Authors: Matishov G. G. , Grigorenko K. S.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of autumn-winter surveys of the thermohaline structure and currents of the Tag-anrog Bay of the Azov Sea in 2021. The seiche periods of the sea proper are estimated from the results of spectral analysis of data from Temryuk level detectors. A comparison was made with the spectra of level fluctuations in Yeisk and Donskoy. The conclusion is made about the predominance of cyclically repeating seiche currents over wind currents. The eigen resonance mode (uninodal seiche) in the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay has a period of 12 h, in the central and western parts - 24 h, in the Azov Sea proper - 38 h. Estimates are confirmed analytically, by current measurements and by level detectors. In practice, this means that with the strongest positive and negative water setups in 12-24 hours, with a constant wind, the direction of the current will change to the opposite. The described nature of the circulation, on the one hand, distinguishes the Azov Sea from other similar water bodies, on the other hand, it makes it possible to reveal the energy potential of the basin in an unusual way.
Composition of Late Holocene Deposits of Southern Part of the Chukchi Sea
Authors: Vologina E. G. , Sturm M. , Kulagina N. V. , Aksentov K. I.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was comprehensive study of Late Holocene bottom sediments from the southern part of the Chukchi Sea and reconstruction of the conditions of their accumulation. Analytical methods included macroscopic description with smear slides inspection, 210Pb dating of the sediments, determination of biogenic components, magnetic susceptibility measurements, grain size distribution, palynological and mineral analyzes. The rate of modern sedimentation established at the study point is 8–10 mm/year. Sediments are mainly represented by silts. In the upper part of the core, there are increased concentrations of SiO2biog, Corg, Ntot and decreased values of magnetic susceptibility. This is probably due to the increased bioproductivity of the Chukchi Sea during last years, caused by the current climate warming. The palynological composition of the studied deposits reflects the tundra and forest-tundra vegetation on land adjacent to the Chukchi Sea. The presence of Neogene pollen in the Late Holocene sediments is evidence of their transfer from eroded ancient sediments.
Ecosystems of Siberian Arctic Seas – 2022: Ecosystem of the Eastern Kara Sea, Ecological Risks Accumulated in the Basin (89 Cruise of Research Vessel “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh”)
Authors: Flint M. V. , Poyarkov S. G. , Polukhin A. A. , Miroshnikov A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

89 cruise of R/V “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh” was organized by Shirshov Institute of Oceanology in a frame of the Program “Marine Ecosystems of Siberian Arctic” and was held form 19 September to 10 October 2022. 60 scientists from the institutes of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, VNIRO and MES participated in the cruise. Coordinated hydrophysical, hydrochemical, biooceanological, geochemical research, valuation of greenhouse gases concentration in above-water atmosphere were carried out over the shelf and continental slope of the eastern poorly known part of the Kara Sea. Ecosystem of Blagopoluchiya Bay (Novaya Zemlia) and conditions of disposals of radioactive waste in the bay were in a focus of the research as well.
Geological-Geophysical and Oceanographic Researches in the Sea of Japan, the Tatar Strait 79th Cruise of the R/V “Professor Gagarinsky”
Authors: Valitov M. G. , Lee N. S. , Legkodimov A. A. , Ponomareva A. L. , Pletnev S. P. , Zhukovin A. Yu. , Grigorov R. A. , Makseev D. S.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents brief results of comprehensive studies of the waters of the Tatar Strait and the Sea of Japan, obtained on the 79th cruise of the R/V “Professor Gagarinsky” in May–June 2022. The distribution of geophysical fields was obtained, the block’s divisibility of the bottom of the water area was confirmed and the new data on the distribution of gases in the sedimentary thickness, bottom and surface water was obtained. The electrokinetic parameters of microorganisms for evaluating their relationship with methane concentration was obtained, micropalentological analysis of sedimentary deposits was performed.
Study of State and Variability of the Japan and Okhotsk Seas in the 77th Cruise of the R/V Professor Gagarinskiy and 97th Cruise of the R/V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev
Authors: Lobanov V. B. , Sergeev A. F. , Goryachev V. A. , Tishchenko P. P. , Tsoy V. , Barabanshchikov Yu. A. , Kalyuzhniy D. S. , Krasikov V. A. , Kukla S. P. , Kushnir P. G. , Legkodimov A. A. , Leusov A. E. , Lukyanova N. B. , Makseev D. S. , Maryina E. N. , Prushkovskaya I. A. , Rudykh Y. N. , Sagalaev S. G. , Semkin P. Yu. , Sokolov D. D. , Ulanova O. A. , Shvetsova M. G. , Shkirnikova E. M. , Shcherbakova K. P. , Yurtsev A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Investigation of interannual and short-term variability of the water parameters in the Japan and Okhotsk seas and their ecological state were continued in the cruises No. 77 of the R/V Professor Gagarinskiy and No. 97 of the R/V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev in fall-winter season of 2021. CTD profiling and water sampling for chemical analyses including methane and radioisotopes were implemented. A mooring of bottom autonomous station was deployed for 2.5 month. The long-term trend of the bottom water warming, eutrophication and acidification of the Japan Sea have been confirmed. The features of the fall-winter restructuring of the field of currents of the northern part of the Sea of Japan, the multifrontality of the Sakhalin upwelling structure, and the bimodality of the Primorye Current are shown.
Formation of Gas Accumulation on the East African Continental Margins
Authors: Zabanbark A. , Konyuhov A. I. , Lobkovsky L. I.
Published: April 2024

At present the continental margin of the South-East Africa is in the process of actives search prospecting. However on like of the West African continental margins, where throughout its entire length discovered mainly liquid hydrocarbons, in researching region known on the whole only gas accumulations. The reason for this is most likely the Karoo complex formation dating at early Permian, which is widespread at the East African basins. Enormous reserves of coal contained in the section of the Karoo formation in different basins (basin Karoo in SAR). Complex Karoo extending from south-west to north-east and little by little reduced not only by thickness, but in the content of coal reserve in it. The regions where the complex reduced at the north – east of the South- East Africa, appeared oil accumulation, like as in Lamu basin (Kenia), Somali and etc. Large gas reserves are discovered at the continental margin of the South-East Africa in Rovuma basin, North Mozambique and South Tanzania. This basin is nearest neighbor just the Karoo basin. Today Mozambique becomes a gas State in the Indian Ocean.
Aspects of Towed Underwater Vehicle “Videomodule” Utilization for Surveying Underwater Objects and Benthic Fauna
Authors: Anisimov I. M. , Zalota A. K. , Lesin A. V. , Muravya V. O.
Published: April 2024

The use of towed underwater uninhabited vehicles equipped with photo, video, and sonar systems has proven its effectiveness in studies of the bottom surface within the framework of integrated studies of the World Ocean. This class of devices solves a wide range of tasks, including biological studies of benthic fauna and surveys of underwater technogenic objects. The towed vehicle “Videomodule” was developed at the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and successfully used for several years to conduct such surveys. This article discusses the technical features and application issues of working with the “Videomodule” device.
Geomagnetic Studies in the Norther Atlanic
Authors: Palshin N. A. , Ivanenko A. N. , Gorodnitskiy A. M. , Brusilovskiy Yu. V. , Veklich I. A. , Shishkina N. A.
Published: April 2024

The paper deals with the description of new geomagnetic data collected in the North Atlantic during voyages of research vessels of the Russian Academy of Sciences performed in 2020–2022. Modern technologies of geomagnetic measurements in the ocean and methods of their processing are considered. The obtained geomagnetic data indicate the heterogeneous nature of the sources of magnetic anomalies in the Charlie-Gibbs fault zone and adjacent areas of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and allow solving a wide range of geological and tectonic problems. Priority directions for further research aimed at adjusting spreading parameters and constructing models of the magnetic layer typical for transform faults and amagmatic segments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge are formulated.
Aeolian Landforms in the White Sea Coast: a Review of Classification and Spatial Distribution
Authors: Repkina T. Yu. , Yakovleva A. P.
Published: April 2024

This research provides classification and analysis of the spatial distribution of the Holocene aeolian landforms within the White Sea Coast. We identified 5 types of secondary dunes based on the interpretation of detailed satellite images, topographic charts and analysis of literary sources: foredune plains and beach ridges plains, cliff-top dunes, blowouts and parabolic dunes, transgressive dunefields, sand sheets. The dunes were formed mainly from the Middle-Late Holocene. They gravitate towards sandy shores, where post-glacial uplift rates didn’t exceed ~3 mm/year during the Middle-Late Holocene. The coastal dunes were formed in connection with sediments, which entered the coastal zone with solid river flow and from selective erosion of glacial deposits. The rhythms of aeolian processes activation in different parts of the White Sea Coast were non-synchronous.
Solubility of BaSO4 in Standard and Desalinated Seawater
Authors: Savenko A. V. , Savenko V. S. , Pokrovsky O. S.
Published: April 2024

The solubility of BaSO4 in seawater with a salinity of 0.35–35‰ was experimentally determined. With an increase in salinity from 0.35 to 10‰, the equilibrium concentration of dissolved barium decreases from 42 to 28 μg/L, remains at the level of ~28 μg/L in the salinity range from 10 to 25‰, and increases to 30.7 μg/L at the salinity of 35‰. When the concentration of dissolved barium in the river runoff is higher than 40–45 μg/L, BaSO4 can precipitate in the mixing zone of river and sea waters, most likely with the participation of living organisms. When the concentration of dissolved barium in the river runoff is below 40–45 μg/L, its additional source in the mixing zone of river and sea waters can be the dissolution of suspended BaSO4, but presence of the latter in the composition of removed terrigenous material is unlikely and is not detected by direct observations.
Study of Abiotic Factors Controlling Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Formation of Anomalous Conditions in the Coastal Waters of the Far East in 80th Cruise of the R/V Professor Gagarinskiy
Authors: Lobanov V. B. , Sergeev A. F. , Semkin P. Y. , Lukyanova N. B. , Tsoy V. , Tishchenko P. P. , Alekseev I. F. , Kukla S. P. , Mazur A. A. , Obrezkova M. S. , Prushkovskaya I. A. , Sagalaev S. G. , Tibenko E. Y. , Fedorov M. S. , Shvetsova M. G. , Yurtsev A. Y.
Published: April 2024

In the cruise No. 80 of the R/V Professor Gagarinskiy, from June 15 to July 18, 2022, complex hydrographic and hydrochemical studies were carried out in the Avachinskiy Bay of Kamchatka Peninsula, on the northeastern shelf of Sakhalin Island and in Peter the Great Bay to assess current environmental risks in the coastal zone of key areas of the Far Eastern seas of Russia and, in particular, to study possible abiotic factors that caused the mass mortality of marine organisms in Kamchatka in the fall of 2020. Comprehensive observations including CTD, hydrochemical water sampling, moorings deployment as well as sampling of plankton and bottom sediments were performed. An increased content of nutrients was found, both in subsurface and intermediate Pacific waters, in comparison with the data of the 1990–2000s. Intensive snowmelt on the adjacent mountain slopes during the survey period showed a significant effect of continental runoff on the hydrochemical characteristics of Avachinskiy Bay waters, causing a decrease in salinity and a significant increase in the concentration of nutrients and chlorophyll-a in the coastal zone. The dynamics of mesoscale eddies ensures the transport of coastal waters to the ocean over a distance of more than 100 miles. The obtained results suggest that the catastrophic phenomenon off Kamchatka, associated with anomalous harmful algae bloom, is due to the conjugation of biogeochemical and hydrographic factors – river runoff and the intrusion of deep waters on the shelf caused by coastal wind and dynamic upwelling during the period of maximum warming and eutrophication of the waters of the subarctic Pacific, as well as orographic and topographic features of Avachinskiy Bay.
Ethological and Acoustic Studies of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus ponticus Barabash, 1940) in the Coastal Water Area of the Karadagh Reserve, South-Eastern Crimea
Authors: Logominova I. V. , Agafonov A. V. , Litvin V. А.
Published: April 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the bottlenose dolphin community in the coastal waters of the Karadag Reserve (southeastern Crimea). Observations and acoustic recordings were carried out in 2015–2017 and in 2020–2022 As the main method for identifying bottlenose dolphins, we used the method developed by us for acoustic recording of bottlenose dolphins by individual sound signals “signature whistles”. This method of identification makes it possible to fairly accurately count the population, observe the movements of bottlenose dolphins, and also reveal the association of individuals with each other.
Bottom Biocenoses of Taman Bay (Sea of Azov)
Authors: Lyubimov I. V. , Kolyuchkina G. A. , Simakova U. V. , Basin A. B.
Published: April 2024

In this research, the species composition and structure of macrophytobenthos, macrozoobenthos, and bottom sediments of the Taman Bay, one of the areas of the Sea of Azov where the seagrass Zostera marina L. forms underwater meadows. The material was collected in 2008–2009 before of the Sea of Azov salinization. Three main zones with different types of bottom sediments (sands, sands with shells and silts) were identified, within which four main macrobenthic biocenoses were located (unvegetated coastal biocenosis, mosaic macrophyte communities outside the surf zone, Z. marina underwater meadows and the central regions’ biocenosis with the dominance of mobile forms of macrozoobenthos and a low abundance of macrophytes). The main environmental factor associated with this distribution of macrophytobenthos was the content of silt (with a granule size of less than 0.001 mm). The spatial structure of the macrozoobenthos correlated with the projective cover of Z. marina. Possible reasons for the revealed regularities in the distribution of communities are discussed.
The First Finding of the Genus Megalovis (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) in the Lower Pleistocene of the Taurida Cave in the Crimea
Authors: Vislobokova I. A.
Published: April 2024

The presence of Megalovis latifrons Schaub, 1923 is discovered in the composition of the Early Pleistocene fauna (1.8–1.5 Ma) of Taurida Cave in the Crimea. A fragment of the frontal bone with a part of the horn core, the incomplete upper and lower jaws, the metacarpus and metatarsus of M. latifrons are described. This large fossil representative of Ovibovini has been known only by the very rare finds from the Lower Pleistocene of the south of Western and Central Europe. Megalovis inhabited Eurasia in the late Early Pleistocene and a very beginning of the Middle Pleistocene. In Russia this species is found for the first time. The data obtained are important for clarifying the morphological features and geographic and stratigraphic distribution of this species.
New Species of the Superfamily Palaeotextularioidea Galloway (Foraminifera) from the Upper Visean–Serpukhovian (Lower Carboniferous) of the East European Platform
Authors: Sakhnenko K. V.
Published: April 2024

Foraminifera of the superfamily Palaeotextularioidea Galloway, 1933 from the Upper Visean–Serpukhovian of the Moscow syneclise and Volga-Ural anteclise, that play a significant role on biostratigraphy and interregional correlation of the Lower Carboniferous of Eurasia, have been studied. Seven new species are described: Consobrinellopsis angustocuneata sp. nov., C. mstikhinensis sp. nov., Koskinotextularia densissima sp. nov., K. tumidaeformis sp. nov., Palaeotextularia cylindrica sp. nov., Cribrostomum planocameratum sp. nov., C. alekseevi sp. nov.
A Sea Turtle Tasbacka aldabergeni Nessov, 1987 from the Lower Paleogene Deposits of the Kudinovka Locality (Rostov Province, Russia)
Authors: Zvonok E. A. , Benitskiy K. S. , Danilov I. G.
Published: April 2024

The article describes fossil remains of turtles from the Kudinovka locality (Paleogene, Paleocene or Ypresian; Millerovo District, Rostov Province, Russia). These remains, represented by 16 specimens, are referred to the sea turtle Tasbacka aldabergeni Nessov, 1987 (Cheloniidae), previously reliably known only from the type locality Zhylga 1 (Paleogene, Late Thanetian–Early Ypresian; southern Kazakhstan). One of the described specimens represents the most part of the postcranial skeleton in the phosphate nodule and appears to be the most complete postcranial specimen of Tasbacka aldabergeni, which gives information about previously unknown details of morphology of this species. The new materials expand our knowledge of the geographical distribution of Tasbacka aldabergeni and the genus Tasbacka in general.
Taxonomic History and Type Material of Astarte pulchella Baily, 1858 (Mollusca: Bivalvia, Lutetiidae)
Authors: Goncharova I. A. , Todd J. , Nikolaeva S. V.
Published: April 2024

Five out of the original nine syntypes of Astarte pulchella Baily, 1858 (junior synonym of Davidaschilia (Zhgentiana) gentilis (Eichwald, 1851)) are discovered in the Natural History Museum, London. A lectotype is designated, described and illustrated, as well as all paralectotypes, and a detailed synonymy of the species is provided. The importance of the species as characteristic of the Karaganian Regiostage of Eastern Paratethys, Middle Miocene (=Serravalian) is highlighted.
The First Find of Orbitolites (Foraminifera: Family Soritidae) in the Eocene of Armenia
Authors: Zakrevskaya E. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Paleogene genus Orbitolites (family Soritidae) was found in Armenia as well as in former USSR firstly. The largest species O. cotentinensis Lehmann prevails in population of this genus in Rind section of Southern Armenia. The systematic description of three species of discovered Orbitolites is given. The aсcompanying assemblage of larger benthic foraminifera allowed to define the stratigraphic position of layers with Orbitolites in lower Priabonian, SB18C subzone. Distribution of Orbitolites and miliolids show on back-reef lagoon paleoenvironment, unusual for Priabonian of Southern Armenia.
New Radiolarian Species of the Genus Patellula Kozlova from the Turonian–Maastrichtian Sections of Cyprus and Crimea
Authors: Bragina L. G.
Published: April 2024

Numerous representatives of the Genus Patellula Kozlova, 1972 were studied from the Upper Cretaceous deposits of Perapedhi, Kannaviou and Lefkara formations (Cyprus). Two new species were described: Patellula mangaleniensis sp. nov. and P. solaris sp. nov. The species P. mangaleniensis was found in the Crimea within Afens perapediensis Zone (upper part of upper Santonian). The earliest representatives of Patellula euessceei Empson-Morin, 1981 were for the first time found in the Upper Cretaceous of the Crimea, within Actinomma (?) belbekense Zone (upper part of middle Turonian–upper Turonian), while the latest representatives of P. euessceei were for the first time detected in the Maastrichtian of Cyprus. The stratigraphic ranges of Patellila euessceei and Genus Patellula are expanded.
A Review of the Triassic Stoneflies (Insecta: Perlida = Plecoptera) with a Description of a New Genus and Species of the Family Perlariopseidae from the Dzhayloucho Locality, Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Sinichenkova N. D.
Published: April 2024

To date, the Triassic stoneflies have been described from both the Southern (Australia, Argentina, South Africa) and Northern (Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China) hemispheres. Early Triassic stoneflies have not been found yet, and 28 species of 16 genera from six families are known from the Middle and Late Triassic. A new genus and species Triassonemoura ficteramosa gen. et sp. nov. of Perlariopseidae is described from the Dzhayloucho locality in Kyrgyzstan (Madygen Formation, Middle–Upper Triassic).
Small Ducks (Aves: Anatidae) from the Early–Middle Miocene of Eurasia. 1. A Revision of Anas velox Milne-Edwards, 1868 and Anas soporata Kurochkin, 1976
Authors: Zelenkov N. V.
Published: April 2024

A revision of small (the size of the modern teal Anas crecca or smaller) ducks from the middle Miocene of France (Sansan locality) and Mongolia (Sharga locality) clarified the taxonomic status and systematic position of the well-known species Anas velox Milne-Edwards, 1868 and Anas soporata Kurochkin, 1976 It is shown that three small representatives of the family Anatidae are present in the fauna of the Sansan locality: Anas velox is a diving duck, partly similar to modern Histrionicus, but smaller—here this species is transferred to the fossil genus Protomelanitta Zelenkov, 2011 (basal Mergini). A somewhat smaller taxon from Sansan represents an ecological group of dabbling ducks and belongs to Anas soporata, a species that was previously described from Mongolia and here transferred to the genus Mioquerquedula Zelenkov et Kurochkin, 2012. In addition, yet another very small duck of unclear systematic position is present in the fauna of Sansan. New materials on Mioquerquedula soporata comb. nov. and M. minutissima Zelenkov et Kurochkin, 2012 are also described from the middle Miocene of Mongolia.
Aptian–Albian Oysters from the Southwestern Spurs of the Gissar Ridge. Part 3. Genus Oscillopha Malchus
Authors: Metelkin E. K. , Kosenko I. N.
Published: April 2024

Representatives of the genus Oscillopha Malchus, 1990 from the Aptian, Albian and Cenomanian of the southwestern spurs of the Gissar Ridge (southeastern Turkmenistan) are revised. Questions of taxonomy of Mesozoic Lopha-like oysters are discussed. The diagnoses and composition of the family Arctostreidae Vialov, 1983, the subfamily Arctostreinae Vialov, 1983 and the genus Oscillopha Malchus, 1990 are specified. In the Aptian and Albian, the genus Oscillopha is represented by the species O. eos (Coquand, 1869) and in the Cenomanian—by the species O. dichotoma (Bayle, 1849).
New Data on the Genus Shikhanonautilus (Liroceratidae, Nautilida) from the Early Permian Shakhtau Reef
Authors: Shchedukhin A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The history of changing views on the on the taxonomy and classification of nautilids of the family Liroceratidae Miller et Youngquist, 1949 is briefly discussed. Based on a study of new material from the Asselian-Sakmarian deposits in the Shakhtau quarry, the diagnosis of the genus Shikhanonautilus Leonova et Shchedukhin is emended. A new species S. compressus is described and a more detailed characterization of the type species S. siphonoventralis Leonova et Shchedukhin is given.
Rhizolites and Signs of Pedogenesis from Upper Permian of Central Russia
Authors: Mizintsev D. S. , Karasev E. V. , Sennikov A. G.
Published: April 2024

The remains of fossil roots (rhizolithes) of two morphotypes (M1 and M2) from Upper Permian deposits near the town of Vyazniki in the east of the Vladimir region are described. In the section, M1 rhizolites are vertically oriented and are represented by several types of preservation: rhizocretions, imprints of the roots surface and root petrifactions. The study of transverse and longitudinal sections of ferruginized root fragments showed that among the rhizolites there are three types of structure of the central conducting beam (stele). On two rhizolites, it was noticed that the places of branch of the lateral roots are located by four rhizostiches, which indicates a tetrarch type of stele for these roots. The discovery of the remains of root systems in an upright position and without any traces of transportation indicate the first stages of primary soil formation. M2 rhizolites are a network of finely intertwined roots. New findings of in situ rhizoliths are significantly complement our understanding the Late Permian paleoenvironments and paleoecosystems in the center of the Russian Platform.
The First Fossil Find of Darwin Wasps of the Subfamily Poemeniinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) with Description of a New Genus and Species in Baltic Amber
Authors: Manukyan A. R.
Published: April 2024

A fossil representative of Darwin wasps of the subfamily Poemeniinae was first discovered from the Late Eocene Baltic amber; the Amberpoemenia kirejtshuki gen. et sp. nov. has been described. The fossil genus Amberpoemenia in the subfamily occupies an isolated position having features of specialization that are not typical of the recent representatives of the sufam. Poemeniinae.
Ticks and tick-borne infections in Karelia: analysis of ticks brought by citizens to be tested at the Center for hygiene and epidemiology in the Republic of Karelia (Petrozavodsk)
Authors: Bugmyrin S. V , Poutonen T. B , Pakhomova T. N , Bespyatova L. A , Chevskaya V. E , Kocherova N. A
Published: April 2024

In 2019 and 2021, species composition of the ticks provided by citizens was studied at the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Karelia (based in Petrozavodsk). As a result, about 2 500 tick specimens were identified as belonging to the following species of the family Ixodidae: Ixodes persulcatus Schulze, 1930, I. ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758), Dermacentor marginatu s (Sulzer, 1776), D. reticulatus Fabricius, 1794, Hyalomma marginatum Koch, 1844, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806). For 2% of the ticks, including all species not typically dwelling in Karelia, the attacks occurred outside of Karelia. For districts of Karelia, two species were identified: I. persulca tus (approx. 95% of all ticks delivered) and I. ricinus . Prevalence of pathogens in ticks as analyzed with the use of a commercial kit «AmpliSense® TBEV, B . burgdorferi sl, A . phagocytphillum , E . chaffeensis / E . muris - FL» based on real-time PCR. Prevalence of the tick-borne encephalitis virus in I. persulcatus was 1.5%. In I. ricinus ticks the virus was absent. The prevalence of the Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. and Ehrlichia spp. complex constituted 32.5 and 3.3% in I. persulcatus versus 16.3 and 0.8% in I. ricinus , respectively. A single occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophillum was found in I. persulcatus (prevalence - 0.04%). The main determinant of the epidemiological situation in Karelia is the wide distribution and high abundance of I. persulcatus .
Molecular characterization of Echinococcus canadensis (Cestoda, Taenidae) in wolf from the Kirov region
Authors: Loginova O. A , Spiridonov S. E , Maslennikova O. V , Bukina L. A
Published: April 2024

The molecular characteristics of parasitic tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus were studied. Helminths were discovered during the autopsy of a wolf ( Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758), hunted in the Kirov region in October of 2021. Molecular phylogenetic study was performed by analyzing the sequence of a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene. It was found that the obtained helminths belong to the G10 E. canadensis genotype, which is common in wolves in the northern territories of the Holarctic. Four positions were found for which substitutions characteristic only for this genotype are identified. A substitution was also found for one of the positions, which is characteristic only for representatives of the G10 genotype found in Russia and Finland.
Fauna of the endobiotic ciliates from the rumen of the red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758
Authors: Kornilova O. A , Radaev A. V , Seryodkin I. V , Chistyakova L. V
Published: April 2024

Fauna of endobiotic ciliates of the red deer Cervus elaphus xanthopigus and of the Altai wapiti Cervus elaphus sibiricus in Asia was studied for the first time. In total, 14 species and 5 forms of ciliates belonging to 5 genera of Ophryoscolecidae and Isotrichidae were found. The species composition of endobiotic ciliates in all studied individuals of deer appeared to be rather similar. Most of the samples contained Entodinium wapiti , previously considered specific to the North American wapiti Cervus canadensis . The influence of different factors on the formation of a certain structure of communities of ciliates, endobionts of the rumen of the red deer Cervus elaphus , is discussed.
Fleas (Siphonaptera) of rodents in the Transcaucasian highland natural plague focus
Authors: Kotti B. K
Published: April 2024

The Transcaucasian highland vole natural plague focus is located within the Javakheti-Armenian (Javakheti and Armenian) Highlands and the Lesser Caucasus. In this region, rodents are hosts for fleas of 42 species from 21 genera. The one third part of flea species are monoxenous, the remaining species are oligoxene or pleioxene parasites. Fleas of 24 species are represented throughout the focus. Others are confined either to the Armenian or the Javakheti Highlands, as well as to the Lesser Caucasus. On the territory of the Transcaucasian focus, the warm period of the year is the most favorable time for the transmission of the plague, since fleas - parasites of the common vole - are characterized by high activity of nutrition and reproduction during this period.
The phenomenon of attachment and feeding of unfed ticks (ixodoidea) on fed and feeding specimens of the same or different species: terminological issues
Authors: Uspensky I. V.
Published: April 2024

The feeding by unfed ticks on engorged or feeding specimens of the same (or different) species has been repeatedly documented in laboratory colonies of ticks of the subfamily Ixodoidea. We review the lack of terminological consistency in descriptions of this phenomenon, especially in Russian-language papers. The term “cannibalism” is clearly inapplicable, since it necessarily involves the destruction of the victim by way of consumption (which concerns only specimens of the same species), whereas the tick specimens used as a source for feeding by other ticks typically remain viable. “Homovampirism” (омовампиризм), which is found exclusively in the Russian-language literature, is also unsuitable, “vampirism” being a folkloric word and as such inappropriate for use in the scientific literature. The term “kleptoparasitism”, which appears to reflect the specificity of this phenomenon, is vague and covers many different types of relationships between living organisms. “Hyperparasitism” appears to be the most fitting name for this phenomenon widely used now by acarologists. When using this term, it would be necessary to specify whether the parasitism is conspecific or heterospecific.
Secretion of dermal glands in freshwater mites (acariformes, parasitengonina, hydrachnidia) and its structural characteristics
Authors: Shatrov A. B.
Published: April 2024

Freshwater mites, single possessors of dermal glands in Parasitengonina, demonstrate production of special filamentous substance, which may be characterized as silk. The silk secretion and silk stricture in water mites are described and analyzed in comparison with other arthropods. A single silk thread has the simplest organization among that of other arthropods - it is an infinitely long unbranched uniform hollow tube, the walls of which are composed of fine fibrils crossing at different angles to each other. Although silk in water mites does not form a structural organized web as in spiders, it is highly likely that in mass production it serves for capturing prey - small water arthropods. This kind of silk - is a new discovered type of arthropod silk, and the ability of silk production has elaborated in water mites after their ancestors have invaded and mastered the aquatic environment. This property greatly expands the possibilities in the competition for resources.
Parasite fauna of sand and stone sculpins (scorpaeniformes, cottidae) from lake Baikal (review of research results and prospects of investigations)
Authors: Rusinek O. T.
Published: April 2024

A revision of the composition of parasites of two widely distributed in Baikal species of cottoid fish - the sand ( Leocottus kesslerii Dybowski, 1874) and the stone ( Paracottus knerii Dybowskii, 1874) sculpins was performed. This composition includes 60 species and subspecies of parasites belonging to 10 types, 12 classes, 14 orders, 24 families and 32 genera. It is represented by 21 endemic taxa of species and subspecies rank: these are blood parasites - trypanosomes and cryptobia (2), myxosporidia (5), infusoria (7), monogeneans (1), nematodes (2), acanthocephales (1), leeches (2) and crustaceans (1). Comparison of the parasite fauna of sand and stone sculpins with that of the families Abyssocottidae and Comephoridae showed that most of all this fauna is closely related to the parasite fauna of the family Abyssocottidae. Revision of the parasite composition of two widely distributed fish in Baikal in the light of modern data has identified a number of important problems in the study of fish parasites of this reservoir. Since there has been a transformation of views on the taxonomy of individual groups, new information has been obtained on morphology, molecular biology, biochemistry, life cycles and distribution in the plant and animal world, it is necessary to continue the study of Baikal parasites by modern methods.
Helicometra fasciata (Rudolphi, 1819) complex from new fish host in the Black sea, the broadnosed pipefish Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758, with notes on biology of this trematode species
Authors: Kornyychuk Yu. M.
Published: April 2024

This paper reports on the first record of Helicometra fasciata (Rudolphi, 1819) complex (Opecoelidae) maritae from black-striped pipefish, Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758, in the Black Sea. Ten fish specimens caught near the Kerch Strait (north-eastern part of the Black Sea) in July 2007 were examined and one of them was found to be parasitized by a single H. fasciata complex ovigerous marita. Description and drawing of the trematode found are given. S. typhle and fish of the Syngnathidae family as a whole are believed to be accidental definitive hosts of H. fasciata complex. Cases of Helicometra spp. ovigerous maritae records in fresh waters are discussed. The expansion of H. fasciata complex definitive host range in the Black Sea ( S. typhle is its 33d known fish host from here) reflects a complexity of food webs in the shelf zone of this sea.
Environmental Variables in Predictive Soil Mapping
Authors: Shary P. A.
Published: April 2024

In the well-known conceptual model SCORPAN, given soil property is considered as dependent on the following environmental factors: soil, climate, organisms, topography, time and space. Predictive mapping of soils in digital soil mapping is based on similar ideas, but environmental factors may include not only factors of soils formation, but also, for example, remote sensing data, and have found a wide distribution not only in soil science, but also in ecology, agriculture and geomorphology. This paper provides a review of environmental factors that are used in predictive mapping with a special attention to situations when wide sets of environmental factors may be used and a part of them is not quantitative, such as vegetation types. Most developed are systems of quantitative variables for topography and climate description, so that a special attention is paid to them. Land surface description is performed using both local and non-local variables that need integration. In climate description variables are essential that estimate dry or wet terrain features, such as moisture ratio or water deficit. They need evaluation of potential evapotranspiration that is not measured by meteo-stations, but may be calculated. Possibilities of accounting these and other environmental factors including non-quantitative ones in quantitative statistical models of predictive mapping are described together with principles of their construction, verification, comparison, choice of appropriate models. Examples of soil predictive mapping applications are given for various scales, their specifics for different scales is outlined. Some aspects of remote sensing data usage are discussed.
Biological Activity of Leached Chernozem under Oil and Sodium Chloride Pollution and the Effect of Treatment with Halotolerant Oil-Destructing Bacteria
Authors: Kuzina E. V. , Rafikova G. F. , Mukhamatdyarova S. R. , Sharipova Yu. Yu. , Korshunova T. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Soil contamination with oil is often accompanied by pollution by oilfield wastewater, which contains a significant amount of NaCl, which enhances the negative impact of hydrocarbons on soil, plants, and soil microbiota. Therefore, for the biotechnological purification of soils subjected to such combined pollution, hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria resistant to salinity should be used. In a model experiment, the effect of artificial pollution with oil (5%) and sodium chloride (1 and 3%) and their combinations, as well as bioremediation using halotolerant hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria on the biological activity of leached chernozem (Luvic Chernozem) was studied. Soil contamination with all types of pollution increased its phytotoxicity, while bacterization did not have a positive effect on this indicator in the presence of NaCl and with combined pollution, but contributed to a decrease in toxicity for plants of oil-containing soil. The most sensitive to the presence of oil and/or NaCl were actinomycetes, the number of which decreased by 1–2 orders of magnitude. The introduction of microorganisms increased the decomposition of hydrocarbons, including in complex polluted soil by 10.5–31.8%. In general, the presence of pollutants reduced the activity of soil enzymes. Bacterization contributed to some increase in the level of catalase in soil with oil, restored urease activity in oil-containing soil and under the combined action of pollutants, and increased invertase activity under combined pollution.