bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the aggressiveness of prostate cancer using an all-optical needle photoacoustic sensing probe: feasibility study
Authors: Ni Linyu , Siddiqui Javed , Udager Aaron M. , Jo Janggun , Wei John T. , Davenport Matthew S. , Carson Paul L. , Fowlkes J. Brian , Wang Xueding , Xu Guan
Published: June 2021

In our previous studies, we have developed a prototype interstitial needle sensing probe that can acquire broadband A-line photoacoustic (PA) signals encoding both tissue microarchitecture and histochemical information comparable to that accessible by histology. Paving the road toward clinical translation of this technology, we replaced the piezoelectric hydrophone in the needle PA probe with a fiber optic hydrophone that enabled both broader bandwidth and sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for PA signal detection. Such an all-optical design also facilitated disposability and significantly reduced the footprint of the needle PA sensing probe. Experiments were performed on well-controlled phantoms and human prostate tissues. The microarchitectures in each sample were quantitatively evaluated by both the nonlinear spectral slope of the PA signal power spectrum and the generalized gamma (GG) parameter a by implementing envelope statistics to the PA signal. In the studies on phantoms containing optically absorbing microspheres with various sizes and concentrations, the nonlinear spectral slope showed a strong correlation of r=-0.80 with the microsphere dimensions, and a relatively weak correlation of r=-0.54 with the microsphere concentrations, while the GG parameter a showed a strong correlation with the microsphere dimensions (r=0.72) and a moderate correlation with the microsphere concentrations (r=0.63). In the studies on human prostate tissues containing progressive cancer stages, both the nonlinear spectral slope and the GG parameter a demonstrated a statistically significant difference between benign and nonaggressive cancer tissues (p<0.01), and between nonaggressive and aggressive cancer tissues (p<0.01). In addition, a multivariate analysis combining the two quantitative measurements demonstrated the boundaries among the different progressive stages of prostate cancer.
Anisotropic light-matter coupling and below-threshold excitation dynamics in an organic crystal microcavity
Authors: Tagami Tomoya , Ueda Yusuke , Imai Keita , Takahashi Shun , Mizuno Hitoshi , Yanagi Hisao , Obuchi Takeshi , Nakayama Masaaki , Yamashita Kenichi
Published: June 2021

Organic semiconductors are promising candidates as platforms for room temperature polaritonic devices. An issue for practical implementation of organic polariton devices is the lowering of condensation threshold. Here we investigate anisotropic light-matter coupling characteristics in an organic crystal microcavity showing strong molecular orientation. Furthermore, the below-threshold excitation dynamics are investigated to clarify the spontaneous transition pathways from reservoir to polariton states. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal that photonic/excitonic hybrid transition processes coexist in the microcavity system. This finding provides valuable insights into a detailed understanding of polariton dynamics and help in the design of polaritonic devices showing a low-threshold condensed phase.
Enhance terahertz radiation and its polarization- control with two paralleled filaments pumped by two-color femtosecond laser fields
Authors: Song Qiying , Yuan Xinming , Hu Saisai , Huang Jiefeng , Zhong Haizhe , Lin Qinggang , Wang Honggeng , Lu Xiaowei , Zheng Maijie , Cai Yi , Zeng Xuanke , Xu Shixiang
Published: June 2021

We present experimentally an obvious enhancement of the terahertz (THz) radiation with two paralleled filaments pumped by two-color laser fields for a full use of a high laser power, compared with single filament. By mapping the 3-dimensional electric trajectories of generated THz fields with a (111) ZnTe crystal, we observe that the total THz polarization from two filaments can be manipulated by varying the time delay between the two orthogonally polarized pumps, which agrees well with the simulations under the photocurrent model. Notably, the power and spectrum of the THz field almost keep unchanged while manipulating the ellipticity of the THz polarization, which is important for a polarization-controllable THz source.
Lens-free digital holographic microscopy for cell imaging and tracking by Fresnel diffraction from a phase discontinuity
Authors: Ebrahimi Samira , Dashtdar Masoomeh
Published: June 2021

In this Letter, a very simple, stable, and portable lensless digital holographic (DH) microscopy method is presented relying on the Fresnel diffraction (FD) of light from a phase discontinuity (PD). A phase plate in the transmission or a physical step in the reflection can be employed in the path of the divergent beam of a coherent light source as a component imposing the PD. The recorded diffraction pattern in the vicinity of the PD is a hologram produced by off-axis overlapping of two diffracted waves in both sides of the boundary region with adjustable fringe modulation. To validate the method, measurements are performed on the amplitude and phase specimens as well as on the dynamic processes of water evaporation and 3D tracking of floating cells. A reflective configuration of FD from a physical step can be used as a powerful platform for lensless DH microscopy using high-energy electromagnetic radiation, e.g., x-ray and UV sources for the high-resolution imaging of moving samples.
Suppression of avoided resonance crossing in microresonators
Authors: Kim Chanju , Yvind Kresten , Pu Minhao
Published: June 2021

Kerr frequency comb generation in microresonators is enabled by notable
developments in fabrication technology and novel nonlinear material
platforms. However, even in a low loss and highly nonlinear
microresonator, the avoided resonance crossing may hamper reliable
frequency comb generation. We present a method to suppress the avoided
resonance crossing induced by polarization mode coupling. Our approach
employs a filter waveguide coupled to a microring resonator for
selective filtering of the TM00 mode while keeping the operational
TE00 mode with low loss. We
experimentally demonstrate an avoided-crossing-suppressed
microresonator in the AlGaAs-on-insulator platform.
Spatial pattern of the ecological environment in Yunnan Province
Authors: Wang Dali , Ding Wenli
Published: June 2021

Ecological science focuses on the structure and function of the natural environment. However, the study of ecological environments primarily focuses on single-element research and lacks a comprehensive perspective. To examine ecological environmental trends on different scales, the present paper selected Yunnan Province as the study area. Chemical oxygen demand, rocky desertification, forest coverage, natural disaster data and spatial analysis methods were used to obtain the ecological environmental characteristics of each county and construct a comprehensive evaluation method of the ecological environment. The present paper revealed that the environmental capacity in Yunnan Province was at a moderate level, the ecological environment fragility was remarkable, the significance of the ecological environment was very high, natural disasters occurred frequently, and spatial differentiation between ecological environments was obvious. The province may be divided into three functional areas: the comprehensive-balanced area, the efficiency-dominated area and the environment-dominated area. Central Yunnan was a key development zone and the main area for the manufacturing and service industries, which were built as a modern industrial system in Yunnan Province. The ecological environment in northwestern Yunnan and southern Yunnan is of high significance, and this region was an ecological environment protection area that was important area for the construction of the modern agricultural system in Yunnan Province. To achieve sustainable development of the ecological environment, the spatial characteristics of the ecological environment must be determined at the county scale.
Latitudinal changes in the lipid content and fatty acid profiles of juvenile female red squat lobsters (Pleuroncodes monodon) in breeding areas of the Humboldt Current System
Authors: Guzmán-Rivas Fabián , Quispe-Machaca Marco , Queirolo Dante , Ahumada Mauricio , Urzúa Ángel
Published: June 2021

The red squat lobster Pleuroncodes monodon is a species of high commercial value that inhabits the Humboldt Current System. Along the Chilean coast, two populations are exploited by the fishing industry, one located off the coast of Coquimbo and the other off the coast of Concepción. Yet, it is unknown whether there are differences in the “bioenergetic fuel” (measured as lipid content and fatty acid profile) of juvenile populations of these two fishing units and whether these bioenergetic compounds can be modulated by differences in the environmental parameters (such as temperature or chlorophyll-a) of their breeding areas. To shed some light on this, we measured the lipid content and fatty acid profiles of the viscera and muscle of juvenile female red squat lobsters from these two fishing units, specifically from breeding areas near long-exploited fishing grounds: a) the northern fishing unit (NFU, from 26°S to 30°S) and b) the southern fishing unit (SFU, from 32°S to 37°S). We found differences in the lipid content, fatty acid profiles, and ratios of saturated fatty acids (C16:0/C18:0) of juvenile females from these two locations. In addition, the essential fatty acids (DHA/EPA) found in the viscera versus the muscle of these lobsters varied significantly. Juvenile females from the SFU (i.e. Concepción) showed a higher lipid content compared to the juvenile females from the NFU (i.e. Coquimbo). Consistently, individuals from the SFU had a higher content of fatty acids, which also proved to be richer in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids compared to those from the NFU. Our results are important for the fisheries in both areas because these juvenile populations are the source of new recruits for the adult populations that are exploited by the fishing industry. Our study also aids in determining which populations are healthier or of better quality in bioenergetic terms. Furthermore, increasing the incorporation of bioenergetic parameters in fishery models is essential for the recruitment and stock assessment within an ecosystem approach, since it allows for the evaluation of the nutritional condition of different fishing populations.
Introducing the EPP house (topological space) method to solve MRP problems
Authors: Gyenge Balázs , Kasza László , Vasa László
Published: June 2021

The problem of product and process planning analysed so far is how we can take advantage of our strategy in planning. Among the principles of manufacturing and service management concepts is that after planning demand, planning transformation is one of the key steps of integrated efficiency; it makes it possible to save costs that are not value adding and are not necessary from the customer’s point of view. Currently, the methods of material requirements and capacity planning can be seen as classic solutions that are based on dependency relations between different resources, which can be dynamic in space and time. Measuring and recording capacities raise several problems in addition to the fact that our planning methods are not always satisfying. In the literature, the methods of material requirements planning or manufacturing resource planning (MRP) are not typically optimization methods, so they do not guarantee the best solution, and even if our planning methods were satisfying, several manufacturing restrictions (the time allowed, the complexity of the planning process, the lack of testing opportunities, etc.) could prevent us from reaching satisfying application. It is necessary to create a simple planning algorithm that can give the planner a greater degree of freedom and that would be simple and algorithmic in order to maintain continuous conscious control, putting an end to planning uncertainty and leading us to the best solution under the given conditions. The aim of our research is to introduce a novel, simple planning algorithm, similar to heuristic methods that eliminates the problem of defining the order quantity when applying traditional methods, which prevents us from determining in advance which method is desirable (causing unnecessary planning steps); computer-based solutions hide the causal relations of the methodology from the planner (causing unreliability uncertainty).
Body mass index and severity/fatality from coronavirus disease 2019: A nationwide epidemiological study in Korea
Authors: Kang In Sook , Kong Kyoung Ae
Published: June 2021

Objective

Obesity has been reported as a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in recent studies. However, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and COVID-19 severity and fatality are unclear.

Research design and methods

This study included 4,141 COVID-19 patients who were released from isolation or had died as of April 30, 2020. This nationwide data was provided by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Agency. BMI was categorized as follows; < 18.5 kg/m2, 18.5–22.9 kg/m2, 23.0–24.9 kg/m2, 25.0–29.9 kg/m2, and ≥ 30 kg/m2. We defined a fatal illness if the patient had died.

Results

Among participants, those with a BMI of 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 were the most common (42.0%), followed by 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 (24.4%), 23.0–24.9 kg/m2 (24.3%), ≥ 30 kg/m2 (4.7%), and < 18.5 kg/m2 (4.6%). In addition, 1,654 (41.2%) were men and 3.04% were fatalities. Multivariable analysis showed that age, male sex, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and dementia were independent risk factors for fatal illness. In particular, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR] 3.97, 95% CI 1.77–8.92), 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 (2.43, 1.32–4.47), and ≥ 30 kg/m2 (4.32, 1.37–13.61) were found to have higher ORs than the BMI of 23.0–24.9 kg/m2 (reference). There was no significant difference between those with a BMI of 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 (1.59, 0.88–2.89) and 23.0–24.9 kg/m2.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated a non-linear (U-shaped) relationship between BMI and fatal illness. Subjects with a BMI of < 18.5 kg/m2 and those with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had a high risk of fatal illness. Maintaining a healthy weight is important not only to prevent chronic cardiometabolic diseases, but also to improve the outcome of COVID-19.
‘Dream’, ‘Spellbound’ and ‘Skin’
Authors: Siklosi Kate
Published: June 2021

With these pieces, I’m exploring the rich history of wimmin’s handicraft as a feminist poetic praxis. In today’s saturated, technomediatic world, domesticity and handcraft often get left out of discussions of ‘media ecologies’. What happens when we incorporate the feminist practices of care, fragility, uniqueness, domesticity and craft into an increasingly digitized and mass-produced means of publishing and sharing literary work? Using found objects, Letraset and thread, these ‘offline’ poetic works explore an unmediated intimacy with poetic materials; in the tactility of hand-to-object care and contact, an oft overlooked ethics of intimacy and vulnerable surfaces. With these pieces I am also thinking alongside the work of feminist theorist Sara Ahmed who thinks of feminism as ‘a fragile archive, a body assembled from shattering, from splattering, an archive whose fragility gives us responsibility: to take care’. Against the masculinist impulse for permanence and enduring legacy in poetics, these pieces make space for radical openness: working with transient and precarious materials and media not only quells the ego, but allows for a greater responsiveness to and engagement with the world and the conditions that shape it.
Extended body … extended mind: The risk of thought
Authors: Angus Ian
Published: June 2021

Communication may be understood through its manifest meaning or through the medium in which it is expressed. The latter approach begins from the material social relations and technologies that constitute the medium of communication. This approach has a certain similarity with affect theory understood as a pre-cognitive focus on bodies and technologies. An affective network sets up the manifest subject–object, or human–machine, relations with a subjectified anxiety. The objectification of intelligence produces a fundamental anxiety about what it is to be human. I attempt to determine where thought may yet intervene in a world of algorithms which is pervaded by anxiety.
Past, present and future: A semiotic analysis of Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol
Authors: Andress Kate
Published: June 2021

This article examines the concepts of past, present and future in Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol. The primary focus is a semiotic evaluation of the three spirits that visit Ebenezer Scrooge, the main protagonist of the story. Dickens’s narrative is juxtaposed with the illustrations by John Leech that accompanied the story in the original publication from 1843; the purpose of this is to demonstrate how the concepts within Dickens’s narrative are translated visually. While A Christmas Carol is nearly two centuries old, this article highlights the influence of Dickens’s narrative and Leech’s illustrations on the contemporary understandings of past, present and future.
Cinderella! Cinderella!: A closer look into Dutch seventeenth-century gender roles and genre paintings
Authors: Downs Katie
Published: June 2021

This article highlights a time when Northern artists were no longer allowed to paint or carve holy images as they had done during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The Catholic Church banned this art form due to the interpretation of the second commandment: ‘Thou shalt make no graven image of thy God’. Genre paintings were the outcome of this banishment and a way to represent and depict an everyday life scene in a Dutch seventeenth-century household. The paintings would show the best of a situation and also its worst counterpart in almost a mocking comical way. By exploring these paintings, we come to understand how women were fed propaganda into becoming a better housewife, mother and bearing the weight of physical nourisher to all. Although amusing, the images have been celebrated and considered legendary during the Golden Age of the Netherlands. While taking a closer look at genre paintings and the everyday practices of the Dutch household, we can connect patterns to how these paintings affected women and influenced their domestic duties in the Golden Age.
A twenty-first-century torch of freedom for Muslim women: Sarah Maple’s Fighting Fire with Fire No. 2
Authors: Heins Julia
Published: June 2021

This article closely examines a work of art in light of the politics, popular culture and social dynamics surrounding its maker. Through a close examination of the formal elements and signs included in Sarah Maple’s 2007 self-portrait photograph, Fighting Fire with Fire No. 2, feminist values are explored using a semiotic analysis. In the end, the article champions Sarah Maple’s work as a powerful commentary that combats Muslim stereotypes and liberates women from social and religious taboos.
Shrugging off the tiger: Examining the state of contemporary feminism in the Trumpian era through Maria Berrio’s El Cielo Tiene Jardines
Authors: Wahlen Samantha
Published: June 2021

Through the examination of the artwork of Maria Berrio, parallels are drawn between her work, entitled El Cielo Tiene Jardines, and the 2019 political climate under Donald Trump. With the intention of linking the rise of feminism to Trump’s presence in office as president of the United States, specifically through examples of his sexism, narcissism and preference for patriarchy, this is approached through the metaphors of Berrio’s painting. In retaliation to the upswing of sexism, narcissism and patriarchy coming from the White House, each element examined in the artwork is meant to describe the relationship to Donald Trump’s personality cult as well as the corresponding reaction of anti-Trumpian groups, particularly feminists, as well as prescribers to psychoanalytic theory. Examples are cited from Trump’s presence in the media, including tweets, personal statements and historical evidence supporting the arguments made. Topics of neo-colonialism, the American Dream and the generalization of the female desire to remove herself from the submissive role of patriarchal assignment are also discussed. With what was being hailed as Third Wave Feminism, beginning with the Woman’s March of 2017, these aspects of Trumpian character and behaviour are described through the model of Berrio’s stunning mix-media painting and are meant to appeal to readers through both feminist and psychoanalytical analyses.
Pragmática y discurso oral
Authors: Ivanova Olga , Álvarez-Rosa Carmen Vanesa , Nevot Navarro Manuel
Published: June 2021

La estructura y la función del discurso oral son incomprensibles fuera del prisma de la pragmática. La oralidad, como medio primario de la expresión humana, es la base de la comunicación que los hablantes establecemos en diferentes contextos, desde los más cotidianos hasta los más controlados. ¿Cómo hablantes con diferentes perfiles y retratos siguen las leyes pragmáticas para construir sus discursos orales, desde conversaciones cotidianas y entrevistas hasta charlas y conferencias? Este libro ofrece un conjunto de trabajos empíricos que exploran cómo la naturaleza pragmática del discurso oral se manifiesta en su estructura y en la construcción del significado y su ordenación en discursos tan diversos como es el discurso público y el discurso privado, el discurso político y el discurso clínico, el discurso de hablantes no nativos o el discurso estudiado desde la perspectiva diacrónica. Gracias a ellos, este volumen ofrece una renovada base teórica para el estudio del discurso oral, una panorámica envidiable de métodos y técnicas para su estudio y, de modo particular, una gran aportación al conocimiento científico sobre cómo la pragmática rige la oralidad.
A közgazdász hivatásáról: Fiatal közgazdászok a közgazdász szakmáról
Authors: Póta Krisztián
Published: June 2021

A Köz-Gazdaság szerkesztősége mindig kiemelt figyelmet fordított az új közgazdászgeneráció szakmai irányultságának bemutatására. Két alkalommal is ennek jegyében kértük fel a Magyar Közgazdasági Társaság Ifjúsági Bizottságával közösen az egyes egyetemi szervezeteket, hogy fejtsék ki álláspontjukat a közgazdász szakma jelenlegi állapotáról. Első körben a kérdésekre Bencsik Ildikó, az Ifjúsági Bizottság elnöke, Fekete Bálint, az MKT BME vezetője, Kunkli Gréta, a Debreceni Egyetemen működő MKT szervezet vezetője, Lits Levente, az MKT Corvinus vezetőségi tagja, Sántha Izabella, szintén az MKT BME vezetőségi tagja és Szabó Dorottya, az MKT Corvinus elnöke válaszolt. Ezt követően egy online beszélgetést szerveztünk, melyen a Debreceni Egyetemről Kunkli Gréta, az MKT Corvinus részéről Halász Győző Mihály, Lits Levente, Kunsági Zsóka vett részt, illetve vendégünk volt Bencsik Ildikó, az Ifjúsági Bizottság elnöke. Ez a beszélgetés a cikk második részében található.
A makroökonómiai dinamikák sokkal gyorsabban változhatnak, mint korábban gondoltuk
Authors: Kiss Dávid
Published: June 2021

Stock, James H.: The Rate Debate – Rethinking Economics in the Age of Cheap Money. Foreign Affairs, C. évf., 2021. 2. sz. pp. 174-184. James H. Stock a Foreign Affairs 2020. március-áprilisi számában megjelent cikkében amellett érvel, hogy az elmúlt években az Egyesült Államokban zajló gazdasági változások szükségessé tették a közgazdaságtani modellek néhány központi elemének felülvizsgálatát. A szerző ezen megállapítását négy egymáshoz kapcsolódó fejleményből vezeti le: a természetes reálkamatláb csökkenéséből, a megújuló energiák árának eséséből, a tartósan 2% alatti inflációból, illetve a COVID-19 okozta gyors gazdasági összeomlásból és részleges felépülésből. (...)
Crise e reinvenção da política no Brasil
Authors: Da Silveira José Renato Ferraz
Published: June 2021

O livro “colaborativo” entre Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Miguel Darcy de Oliveira e Sérgio Fausto e sugerido pela Companhia das Letras (através do seu fundador, Luiz Schwarcz) intitulado Crise e reinvenção da política no Brasil é uma obra ímpar sobre a história do Brasil na Nova República, principalmente, na atual crise político-moral em que o Brasil vive. De fato, é um ensaio, uma mensagem política que envolve os processos de caráter estrutural que atingem não só a política, mas também a economia, a sociedade e a cultura brasileira. Além da conjuntura política brasileira com suas especificidades: a queda de Dilma, corrupção, Lava Jato, enfraquecimento do PT, reacionarismo da direita, o papel do Brasil no mundo e as novas possibilidades que se descortinam nas eleições de 2018.
A autoficção e suas aproximações com Rosângela Rennó e Cindy Sherman
Authors: Duarte de Oliveira Medeiros Brígida
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho anseia investigar a autoficção, e suas aproximações com as obras Espelho Diário (2001) de Rosângela Rennó e Alice Duarte Penna e Untitled Film Stills (1977-1980) de Cindy Sherman. Para tanto, serão primeiramente abordados a origem, os principais predicados e os desencadeamentos que levaram o conceito de autoficção cunhado por Serge Doubrovsky a romper o campo da teoria da literatura e passar a também classificar obras de outras áreas do conhecimento, para então efetivamente traçar suas ligações com as obras de Rennó e Sherman.
El dibujo es un verbo
Authors: González de León Juan Iván
Published: June 2021

Este breve texto procura presentar y poner en contexto imágenes de mi obra, busca también ahondar sobre el concepto de la poiesis1 en la creación e interpretación del dibujo, así como su exploración poética procesual y gráfica. Comenta sobre algunos orígenes, rutas formativas y postura estética sobre el proceso y la idea fundamental de que el dibujo es pensamiento visual. Por último, aclara mi postura gráfica sobre la naturaleza de la imagen como una presencia poética, dentro de la cual percepción, realidad, lenguaje y pensamiento alternan posiciones. Imágenes-signo, imágenes simbólicas e imágenes presencia.
«Cuidadanía»: los cuidados que sostienen la vida
Authors: Laguna José
Published: June 2021

La pandemia nos ha confrontado con nuestra vulnerabilidad constitutiva y nos ha hecho conscientes de la centralidad de las redes de cuidado que sostienen la vida. En el horizonte pospandemia que ya empieza a vislumbrarse gracias a las vacunas, tendremos que decidir si, como sociedad, regresamos a la casilla de salida y seguimos alimentando relatos de ciudadanías autosuficientes o inauguramos un nuevo modelo de convivencia articulado en torno a la vulnerabilidad y a los cuidados: la cuidadanía.
La escuela relacional para construir ciudadanía global
Authors: Blanco-Rubio Belén
Published: June 2021

Todo acto educativo es un acto relacional y los encuentros interpersonales configuran a la persona. Generar en la escuela un clima de relaciones personalizadoras contribuye a desarrollar en los alumnos competencias globales que contribuirán a la construcción de un alumnado competente y responsable frente a los desafíos mundiales de su tiempo. Por ello, la escuela debe contribuir a la adquisición de las competencias relacionales necesarias para crear un nuevo humanismo donde se imponga el bien común, tan necesario para dar respuesta a la complejidad del mundo actual.
Podejście interpretacyjne w nauce o polityce – omówienie 4 numeru „Teorii Polityki”
Authors: Aksiuto Kamil
Published: June 2021

Recenzja
Ideology and Institutions in the Evolution of Capital
Authors: Pistor Katharina
Published: June 2021

In Capital and Ideology, Thomas Piketty poses the intriguing thesis that ideology, or ideas about how society should be governed, is a powerful determinant for how society will be governed-as long as we take advantage of historical switch points. In this review essay I challenge this thesis by pointing out that many powerful ideas have run aground because of countervailing institutional arrangements. Oftentimes, they are leftovers from earlier times that precede the change and are now strategically employed for reconstituting private wealth. Clearly, ideology and institutions are deeply intertwined. I credit Piketty for putting ideology on the map of institutionalists in history, political sciences, sociology, and law. I therefore call for more research on the interaction of ideas and institutions.
Long-term melatonin treatment attenuates body weight gain with aging in female mice
Authors: Tamura Isao , Tamura Hiroshi , Kawamoto-Jozaki Mai , Doi-Tanaka Yumiko , Takagi Haruka , Shirafuta Yuichiro , Mihara Yumiko , Maekawa Ryo , Taketani Toshiaki , Sato Shun , Sugino Norihiro
Published: June 2021

Women usually experience body weight gain with aging, which can put them at risk for many chronic diseases. Previous studies indicated that melatonin treatment attenuates body weight gain and abdominal fat deposition in several male animals. However, it is unclear whether melatonin affects female animals in the same way. This study investigated whether long-term melatonin treatment can attenuate body weight gain with aging and, if it does, what the mechanism is. Ten-week-old female ICR mice were given melatonin-containing water (100 μg/mL) or only water until 43 weeks. Melatonin treatment significantly attenuated body weight gain at 23 weeks (control; 57.2 ± 2.0 g vs melatonin; 44.4 ± 3.1 g), 33 weeks (control; 65.4 ± 2.6 g vs melatonin; 52.2 ± 4.2 g) and 43 weeks (control; 66.1 ± 3.2 g vs melatonin; 54.4 ± 2.5 g) without decreasing the amount of food intake. Micro-CT analyses showed that melatonin significantly decreased the deposition of visceral and s.c. fat. These results suggested that melatonin attenuates body weight gain by inhibiting abdominal fat deposition. Metabolome analysis of the liver revealed that melatonin treatment induced a drastic change in the metabolome with the downregulation of 149 metabolites, including the metabolites of glucose and amino acids. Citrate, which serves as a source of de novo lipogenesis, was one of the downregulated metabolites. These results show that long-term melatonin treatment induces drastic changes in metabolism and attenuates body weight gain and fat deposition with aging in female mice.
Adiponectin agonist treatment in diabetic pregnant rats
Authors: Gázquez Antonio , Rodríguez Francisca , Sánchez-Campillo María , Martínez-Gascón Lidia E , Arnao Marino B , Saura-Garre Pedro , Albaladejo-Otón María D , Larqué Elvira
Published: June 2021

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reduces maternal adiponectin and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) materno-fetal transfer, which may have negative consequences for the offspring. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the administration of a novel adiponectin agonist (AdipoRon) to GDM rats on the long-term consequences in glycaemia and fatty acids (FA) profile in the offspring. Pregnant rats were randomized to three groups: GDM rats (GDM, n = 8), GDM rats treated with AdipoRon (GDM + ADI, n = 9), and control rats (n = 10). Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) on day 12 of gestation. GDM+ADI received 50 mg/kg/day AdipoRon from day 14 until delivery. Glycaemia and FA profile were determined in mothers and adult offspring (12 weeks old). AdipoRon tended to reduce fasting glucose in diabetic mothers. Diabetic rats presented the foetus with intrauterine growth restriction and higher adiposity, which tried to be counteracted by AdipoRon. In the adult offspring, both GDM + ADI and control animals showed better glucose recovery after oral glucose overload with respect to GDM. DHA in offspring plasma was significantly reduced in both GDM and GDM + ADI compared to controls (P = 0.043). Nevertheless, n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) ratio improved in plasma of GDM + ADI adult offspring (GDM: 14.83 ± 0.85a%; GDM + ADI: 11.49 ± 0.58b%; control: 10.03 ± 1.22b%, P = 0.034). Inflammatory markers and oxidative stress were reduced in the adult offspring of AdipoRon-treated mothers. In conclusion, AdipoRon administration to pregnant diabetic rats improved glycaemia in the mothers and long-term glucose tolerance in the offspring. In addition, it tended to reduce excessive foetal fat accumulation and improved n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio significantly in offspring at the adult state.
transmisión textual de El robo de las sabinas en el manuscrito apógrafo Tea 1-60-13 de la Biblioteca Histórica de Madrid
Authors: Gómez Caballero Iván
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo trata de dilucidar la transmisión textual de El robo de las sabinas en el manuscrito apógrafo Tea 1-60-13 de la Biblioteca Histórica de Madrid, que, por sus peculiaridades innovadoras y también por estar alejado en el tiempo respecto al codex optimus, hemos prescindido de él en nuestra edición crítica. Sin embargo, consideramos que no hay que desmerecer por ello su estudio, ya que aporta ciertas pistas sobre cómo pudo ser la puesta en escena de esta obra en colaboración a finales del siglo Xviii.
MAGNETO-ELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERTER OF SEA WAVES
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Raschepkin A.P. , Kondratenko I.P. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Karlov O.M. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Kryshchuk R.S. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

To convert the energy of sea waves, the use of cylindrical (with a radial magnetic flux) three-phase magnetoelectric generators with a permanent magnet rotor using a mechanical gearbox to increase the rotor speed is considered. Given the real rotor motion, a mathematical model has been developed to calculate the distribution of magnetic fields in the gap of the generator, and functional dependences of the flux linkage of the winding and the electromagnetic moment of the generator on its design and the parameters of permanent magnets have been obtained. For the adopted design, the electromagnetic moment, the distribution of phase currents in the windings, the power and voltage of the generator are determined. A comparison is made of the energy performance of generators with a traditional float drive and using a ratchet to ensure one-sided rotation of the rotor. The expediency of using a ratchet generator to convert the energy of sea waves is considered. References 6, figures 7.
The Experience of Housing Needs Among Families Caring for Children With Medical Complexity
Authors: Hounsell Kara Grace , Moore Clara , Zahavi Arielle , Arje Danielle , Weiser Natalie , Esser Kayla , Netten Kathy , Soscia Joanna , Cohen Eyal , Orkin Julia
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Caregivers of children with medical complexity (CMC) face many stressors related to their child’s medical condition(s). Financial stress and its impact on housing has been reported to be a challenge among this population. However, unique housing challenges specific to CMC, including disability accommodations in the home and housing space and layout, have yet to be examined in the literature.

METHODS

We conducted 20 individual semistructured interviews with parents of CMC. Interviews were recorded, coded, and analyzed by using thematic analysis to emphasize, examine, and record patterns of meaning within the data.

RESULTS

Eighteen mothers and 2 fathers participated in individual interviews. Two major themes and subthemes (in parentheses) were identified: (1) the impact of health on housing (housing preferences, housing possibilities, and housing outcome as a trade-off) and (2) the impact of housing on health (health of the caregiver and health of the child). Parents had preferences regarding the location and layout of their home specific to their child’s illness and medical needs. In addition, parents indicated their child’s illness affected their income and home ownership status, which in turn shaped their housing possibilities. The location and layout of the family home was often the result of a trade-off between the caregiver’s housing preferences and possibilities.

CONCLUSIONS

Housing outcomes among CMC are often the result of a trade-off between housing preferences and possibilities, both of which are influenced by the child’s health status. Policy changes targeting housing accessibility and affordability are vital to support the health of CMC.
Relativistic selfinteracting particle­-antiparticle system of bosons
Authors: Anchishkin D. , Gnatovskyy V. , Zhuravel D. , Karpenko V.
Published: June 2021

Thermodynamic properties of a system of an interacting boson particles and antiparticles at high tem­peratures are studied within the framework of the thermodynamically consistent Skyrme-­like mean-­field model. The mean field contains both attractive and repulsive terms. Self­-consistency relations between the mean field and thermodynamic functions are derived. We assume a conservation of the isospin density for all temperatures. It is shown that, independently of the strength of the attractive mean field, at the critical tem­perature Tc the system undergoes the phase transition of second order to the Bose­-Einstein condensate, which exists in the temperature interval 0 ≤ T ≤ Tc . It is obtained that the condensation represents a discontinuity of the derivative of the specific heat at T = Tc .
Exact Green’s function of photon and medium effects in QED2+1
Authors: Bannikov S. , Skalozub V.
Published: June 2021

In (2+1)­-dimensional Maxwell­-Chern­-Simons quantum electrodynamics, we derive the structure of the exact polarization operator in the presence of medium characterized by a chemical potential μ. We show that the transverse part of the operator is the sum of four tensors. These tensors and unit one form an algebra with respect to the commutation operation. Green’s function of photons at zero temperature is derived on the basis of calculations of the one­loop form factors. The spectrum of modes is investigated. We find that the transverse and longitudinal modes exist in medium. This result differs from that of other authors. Dependence of the photon Debye mass on the form factors is investigated and a static electric potential is calculated.
Free energy and entropy for an impurity in a periodic background in one dimension
Authors: Bordag M. , Pirozhenko I. G.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we continue our study of periodic lattices formed by delta functions and their derivatives in (1+1) dimensions. Such systems are interesting as allowing for investigation of complicated problems in quite simple terms. Specifically, we consider the free energy of a single impurity in the background of such lattice. After developing the necessary technical tools, we consider as an example a specific case and found that the free energy shows a non monotone behavior as function of the temperature.
Polyakov loop eigenvalues in the presence of baryon chemical potential
Authors: Borisenko O. , Chelnokov V. , Voloshyn S.
Published: June 2021

The eigenvalues of the Polyakov loop are calculated in the strong coupled lattice QCD at finite tempera­ture. This is done both in the pure gauge theory and in the theory with heavy quarks at finite baryon chemical potential. Computations are performed in the mean­field like approach to the effective action. Using the eigenvalues obtained we also evaluate the free energy, real and imaginary parts of the Polyakov loops and the baryon density. The phase diagram of the model and influence of the baryon chemical potential are discussed in details. We underline a similarity between our calculations and continuum derivations of the phenomenon of A0 condensation.
Spherically symmetric T-solution of the equations of 5-dimensional Kaluza–Klein theory
Authors: Gladush V. D.
Published: June 2021

A geometrodynamical approach to the five-dimensional (5D) spherically symmetric cosmological model in the Kaluza–Klein theory is constructed. After dimensional reduction, the 5D Hilbert action is reduced to the Einstein form describing the gravitational, electromagnetic, and scalar interacting fields. The subsequent transition to the configuration space leads to the supermetric and the Einstein–Hamilton–Jacobi equation, with the help of which the trajectories in the configuration space are found. Then the evolutionary coordinate is restored, and the Cauchy problem is solved to find the time dependence of the metric and fields. The configuration corresponds to a cosmological model of the Kantovsky–Sachs type, which has a hypercylinder topology and includes scalar and electromagnetic fields with contact interaction.
Capacitance-voltage differintegral characteristics of fractal field-effect device
Authors: Onufrienko V. M.
Published: June 2021

In the present paper, we use the theoretical model of fractal elements to study the charge and capacitance-voltage differintegral characteristics of a fractal field-effect device. The control of the charge channel and the capacity of a fractal nanotransistor is revealed by changing the scaling of the nanolayer, the charge density in which is determined from the sum of the charges of electrons, holes, and ionized impurities. The significant influence of fractal charge distribution carriers on the device capacitance at high frequencies is noted. This fact theoretically confirms the possibility of increasing the capacitance of metal-oxide-semiconductor structures to increase the efficiency of the field-effect-transistors. The comparison of the obtained expressions shows the strong influence of fractal medium on the electric field size and charge density in a semiconductor that is followed by the change of capacitive device parameters. The differential-integral method for modeling artificial metamaterial fractal radioelements with necessary electrical characteristics is proposed.
Realization of the Landau definitions of effective Hamiltonian and nonequilibrium free energy in microscopic theory
Authors: Sokolovsky A. I.
Published: June 2021

Equilibrium fluctuations of some set of parameters in the states described by the canonical Gibbs distribution are investigated. In the theory of phase transitions of the second kind, these parameters are components of the order parameter. The microscopic realization of the Landau definition of the effective Hamiltonian of the system for studying the equilibrium fluctuations of the specified system of parameters is discussed in the terms of the probability density of their values. A general formula for this function is obtained and it is expressed through the equilibrium correlation functions of these parameters. An expression for the effective Hamiltonian in terms of deviations of the parameters from their equilibrium values is obtained. The deviations are considered small for conducting the calculations. The possibility of calculating the exact free energy of the system using the found effective Hamiltonian is discussed.
In the microscopic theory, the implementation of the Landau definition of nonequilibrium thermodynamic potentials introduced in his phenomenological theory of phase transitions of the second kind is investigated. Nonequilibrium states of a fluctuating system described with some sets of parameters are considered. A general formula for nonequilibrium free energy expressed through the correlation functions of these parameters is obtained as for the effective Hamiltonian above. Like the previous case, the free energy expression via parameter deviations from the equilibrium values is obtained and small deviations are considered for calculations. The idea of the identity of the effective Hamiltonian of the system and its nonequilibrium free energy is discussed in connection with the Boltzmann distribution. The Gaussian approximation of both developed formalisms is considered.
A generalization of the constructed theory for the case of spatially inhomogeneous states and the study of long-wave fluctuations are developed.
To question about Fe5B3 boride formation in boron-rich Fe–В alloys
Authors: Sukhova O. V.
Published: June 2021

The structure of boron-rich iron alloys in the concentration range of 9.0–15.0 wt. % В, 0.01–0.17 wt. % C, Fe – the balance (with charge impurities of Si, Al, Mn) was investigated in this work. The methods of metallographic, X-ray, stop-quenching, scanning electron microscopic, energy dispersive, and fluorescent spectral analyses were applied. The FeB- and Fe2B-based solid solutions are proved to be the major constituents of the investigated alloys. No evidence is found for the possible formation of the Fe5B3 boride via peritectic reaction L+FeB→Fe5B3 at 1650 K and its further decomposition via eutectoid reaction Fe5B3→FeB+Fe2B at 1410 K. It is shown that the phase under consideration is iron hemiboride alloyed mainly by silicon which peritectically forms from primary crystals of iron monoboride and the rest of liquid at 1650 K. The thermal effect at 1410 K is assumed to be caused by a heat production connected with polymorphic transformation α-FeB→β-FeB in the presence of carbon.
Thermal analysis of Li2-хNaxGe4O9 glasses crystallization
Authors: Diachenko A. O. , Volynets D. V. , Trubitsyn M. P. , Volnianskii M. D.
Published: June 2021

The glasses of lithium-sodium tetragermanate LiNaGe4O9 and solid solution Li1.8Na0.2Ge4O9 were prepared by quenching the melt and crystallized on heating. The glass crystallization was controlled by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis. The DSC measurements performed in the range 300–1200 K show that the crystallization of the glasses occurs through a single stage. There are no anomalies on TGA dependences. It is assumed that LiNaGe4O9 and Li 1.8Na0.2Ge4O9 glasses crystallize in accordance with a polymorphic mechanism.
Peculiarities of doping of ZnO:Mn nanocrystals during their synthesis by the aerosol pyrolysis method
Authors: Kovalenko O. V. , Vorovsky V. Yu. , Khmelenko O. V. , Plakhtii Ye. G.
Published: June 2021

Samples of ZnO:Mn nanocrystals with Mn concentrations of 2 and 4 at.% were synthesized by ultrasonic aerosol pyrolysis. The synthesis was carried out at 550°C using aqueous solutions of zinc and manganese nitrates. The samples obtained were subjected to heat treatment at 550°C and 850°C in air for 1 hour. The study of the samples by XRD and EPR methods shows that during the synthesis the process of doping ZnO nanocrystals with manganese occurs only partially, on the surface, in the near-surface layer. Residues of the Mn impurity are located on the surface of nanocrystals and appear during annealing at 550°С in the form of manganese oxides (Mn2O3). During heat treatment at 850°C, decomposition of Mn2O3 and bulk doping of ZnO:Mn nanocrystals occur.
Analysis of temperature distribution in a solar element with posistor layer in the presence of local electric heat source
Authors: Tonkoshkur A. S. , Ivanchenko A. V.
Published: June 2021

The temperature distribution in a model structure in the form of a solar photovoltaic cell plate with an additional posistor layer based on a polymer matrix with nanocarbon fillers being in thermal contact is determined and investigated in the presence of overvoltages leading to the occurrence of local overheating regions. It is found that the regions of local overheating expand over time and, as a result, they spread over the entire plate of such a structure. The entire structure is heated above the phase transition temperature of the posistor layer for a time interval of the order of several seconds. The posistor layer goes into a low-conductivity state and most of the voltage drops across it. These results substantiate the prospects of using a posistor layer for electrical and thermal protection of solar photovoltaic cells from reverse overvoltages.