bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Italian adolescents’ experience of unwanted online attentions: Recognizing and defining behaviours
Authors: De Fazio Laura , Krause Amanda , Sgarbi Chiara
Published: December 2018

For young people, in addition to positive experiences, there are risks and negative consequences in the usage of the Internet and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), such as forms of online harassment. At present, there is an open debate regarding the definition and issues concerning the nature of cyberspace, given the different ways that the scientific community and the general public express this phenomenon (for example, cyber-bullying, cyber-aggression, cyber-harassment). The present research surveyed 585 Italian students via an online questionnaire regarding unwanted online attentions (UOA), an umbrella category of online behaviours directed at harassing, offending or attacking someone. Two exploratory factor analyses examined the experiences of self-identified victims and perpetrators in order to better describe and identify UOA. The findings identify six dimensions, namely, for the victims: harassment, impersonation, denigration and ordering goods, physical threats, hacking, and disseminating private information and audio-video material without permission; and, for the perpetrators: disseminating private information and material without permission, physical and social threats, hacking and stealing identity, harassment, denigration and ordering goods, unwanted emails and spying, and impersonation – thus illuminating more specific categories of UOA. These findings will make it easier to recognize these expanding and potentially very dangerous behaviours, leading to the development of better prevention and intervention strategies.
Secondary Fill Minimizes Gutter Size in Chimney EVAS Configurations In Vitro
Authors: van Schaik Theodorus G. , Meekel Jorn P. , Jongkind Vincent , Lely Rutger J. , Truijers Maarten , Hoksbergen Arjan W. J. , Wisselink Willem , Blankensteijn Jan D. , Yeung Kak Khee
Published: December 2018

Purpose: To investigate in an in vitro model if secondary endobag filling can reduce gutter size during chimney endovascular aneurysm sealing (chEVAS). Materials and Methods: Nellix EVAS systems were deployed in 2 silicone juxtarenal aneurysm models with suprarenal aortic diameters of 19 and 24 mm. Four configurations were tested: EVAS with 6-mm balloon-expandable (BE) or self-expanding (SE) chimney grafts (CGs) in the renal branches of both models. Balloons were inflated simultaneously in the CGs and main endografts during primary and secondary endobag filling and polymer curing. Computed tomography (CT) was performed immediately after the primary and secondary fills. Cross-sectional lumen areas were measured on the CT images to calculate gutter volumes and percent change. CG compression was calculated as the reduction in lumen surface area measured perpendicular to the central lumen line. The largest gutter volume and highest compression were presented per CG configuration per model. Results: Secondary endobag filling reduced the largest gutter volumes from 99.4 to 73.1 mm3 (13.2% change) and 84.2 to 72.0 mm3 (27.6% change) in the BECG configurations and from 67.2 to 44.0 mm3 (34.5% change) and 92.7 to 82.3 mm3 (11.2% change) in the SECG configurations in the 19- and 24-mm models, respectively. Secondary endobag filling increased CG compression in 6 of 8 configurations. BECG compression changed by −0.2% and 5.4% and by −1.0% and 0.4% in the 19- and 24-mm models, respectively. SECG compression changed by 10.2% and 16.0% and by 7.2% and 7.3% in the 19- and 24-mm models, respectively. Conclusion: Secondary endobag filling reduced paragraft gutters; however, this technique did not obliterate them. Increased CG compression and prolonged renal ischemia time should be considered if secondary endobag filling is used.
A Systematic Review of the Use of Biochemical Markers in the Assessment of Spinal Cord Ischemia in Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Choong Andrew M. T. L. , Wee Ian J. Y. , Almond Mark , Muratani Masafumi , Kovari Ferenc , Russai Rita , Jenkins Michael P.
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Despite advances in perioperative critical care and surgical technique, spinal cord ischemia remains a devastating complication of thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Biochemical markers present in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be useful in assessing spinal cord injury. We systematically analyze and report the role of all reported biochemical markers that have been used in assessing and diagnosing spinal cord ischemia in thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Methods:

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were used for this review. Published literature was searched to identify all studies reporting on the use of biochemical markers in thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the assessment of spinal cord ischemia. Marker-specific and patient-specific data were extracted from all studies and where possible, subgroup analysis was performed on marker-specific data sets.

Results:

Fourteen studies of 321 patients undergoing thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair were eligible for further analysis. Seven distinct biochemical markers were used in both CSF and blood samples: S100B proteins (S100B), neurone-specific enolase, lactate dehydrogenase, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAp), neurofilament triplet protein (NFL) and Tau protein, and glucose. There was substantial evidence demonstrating the heightened levels of S100, NFL, and GFAp in CSF in patients with spinal cord ischemia. There is however, wide variability in the correlation of the same 6 biochemical markers in peripheral blood and spinal cord ischemia.

Conclusions:

In patients with spinal cord injury, dramatic rises occur with S100B, NFL, and GFAp in CSF. However, further work is needed if biochemical markers are to impact on the future of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
Barriers and Facilitators to Colorectal Cancer Screening Within a Hispanic Population
Authors: Byrd Theresa L. , Calderón-Mora Jessica , Salaiz Rebekah , Shokar Navkiran K.
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cancer cause of death among US Hispanics. CRC screening among the Hispanic population is lower compared with non-Hispanic Whites.

Method:

The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory study was to better understand the barriers and facilitators of CRC screening and preference for stool-based testing collection methods among the predominantly Hispanic population of El Paso, Texas. Nine focus groups were conducted by a trained bilingual facilitator with a moderator guide informed by the literature. Transcripts of the focus groups were entered into qualitative analysis software and a thematic network was developed.

Results:

Fifty-six participants were recruited: average age was 68.5 years, 58.9% were female, 98.2% were Hispanic, 87.5% had an annual income of less than $20,000, 58.9% had 9th grade education or less, 12.5% had a discount program, and 5.4% had no insurance. Barriers to CRC screening included cost, fear, and embarrassment. Facilitators to screening included in-person health education and physician recommendation. Participants preferred the hygienic nature of a stool test collected with a brush and bottle.

Conclusion:

Overall, there was a lack of knowledge regarding CRC and significant barriers to CRC screening. A community-based CRC screening program was subsequently developed from our findings.
Cooperative synchronization control of intelligent lifting systems with actuator failures
Authors: Dong Lijing
Published: December 2018

Synchronization of a large-scale lifting system with hydraulic actuator failures is investigated in this article. The lifting system is composed of multiple intelligent lifting subsystems with hydraulic actuators, wireless data transfer unit, and distributed controller. During the lifting process, the hydraulic actuators are possible to be malfunctioned. Once actuator failure occurs, the number of lifting points and the communication topology would change over different time intervals. This article proposes a distributed synchronization control method and adopts switching technique in analyzing the lifting synchronization. The distributed controller is designed with information received from around subsystems through wireless data transfer unit rather than with direct reference signal from the control station. On the basis of Lyapunov stability theory and switched technique, sufficient conditions that guarantee the synchronization of the lifting system with actuator failures are achieved, and synchronization errors can be reduced as small as desired. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed distributed synchronization controller is verified by numerical simulations conducted on AMESim platform. From the simulation results, it can be seen that when actuator failures occur, the synchronization error of the remaining lifting subsystems is less than 5%. The lifting synchronization error shrinks to 5% in 5.87 s when a broke-down subsystem returns to normal.
The role and nature of consent in government administrative data
Authors: Sexton Anna , Shepherd Elizabeth , Duke-Williams Oliver , Eveleigh Alexandra
Published: December 2018

This article draws on research undertaken by the authors as part of the Administrative Data Research Centre in England (ADRC-E). Between 2014 and 2017, we conducted four case studies on government administrative data for education, transport, energy and health. The purpose of the research was to examine stakeholder perspectives about the sharing, linking and re-use (secondary use) of government administrative data. In relation to the role and nature of consent given by data subjects for re-use, our study revealed significant variations in data provider and researcher attitudes. Although our study setting was England, we believe that the findings have wider resonance. Our analysis identified six factors which might account for the variations around consent: the specificities of the legislative framework governing the collection and processing of particular data; the type of data being collected and the relational context in which it is created; the broader information governance framework in which the data resides; the creating organization's approach to data release; the relative levels of risk aversity within the creating organization; and public perceptions and social attitudes. In conclusion, we consider whether consent is still the best mechanism available for data re-use, or whether a social contract model of data sharing should be developed.
The Instability of Highly Racially Diverse Residential Neighborhoods in the United States
Authors: Wright Richard , Ellis Mark , Holloway Steven R. , Catney Gemma
Published: December 2018

This research concerns the location and stability of highly racially diverse census tracts in the United States. Like some other scholars, the authors define such tracts conservatively, requiring the significant presence of at least three racialized groups. Of the approximately 65,000 tracts in the country, there were 197 highly diverse tracts in 1990 and 998 in 2010. Most were located in large metropolitan areas. Stably integrated highly diverse tracts were the exception rather than the rule. The vast majority of highly diverse tracts transitioned to that state from being predominantly White. Those that transitioned from being highly racially diverse were most likely to transition to being majority Latino. Although the absolute level of metropolitan racial diversity has no effect on the stability of high-diversity tracts, change in both metropolitan-scale racial diversity and population raise the probability of a tract’s transitioning to high diversity. Metropolitan-scale racial diversity did not affect the stability of highly diverse tracts, but it did alter the patterns of succession from them. The authors also found that highly diverse tracts were unstable and less likely to form in metropolitan areas with high percentages of Blacks. Increased metropolitan-level diversity mutes this Black population share effect by reducing the probability of high-diversity tract succession to a Black majority.
Randall-type monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease: novel insights from a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Joly Florent , Cohen Camille , Javaugue Vincent , Bender Sébastien , Belmouaz Mohamed , Arnulf Bertrand , Knebelmann Bertrand , Nouvier Mathilde , Audard Vincent , Provot François , Gnemmi Viviane , Nochy Dominique , Goujon Jean Michel , Jaccard Arnaud , Touchard Guy , Fermand Jean Paul , Sirac Christophe , Bridoux Frank
Published: December 2018

Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD) is a rare complication of B-cell clonal disorders, defined by Congo red negative–deposits of monoclonal light chain (LCDD), heavy chain (HCDD), or both (LHCDD). MIDD is a systemic disorder with prominent renal involvement, but little attention has been paid to the description of extrarenal manifestations. Moreover, mechanisms of pathogenic immunoglobulin deposition and factors associated with renal and patient survival are ill defined. We retrospectively studied a nationwide cohort of 255 patients, with biopsy-proven LCDD (n = 212) (including pure LCDD [n = 154], LCDD with cast nephropathy (CN) [n = 58]), HCDD (n = 23), or LHCDD (n = 20). Hematological diagnosis was monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance in 64% and symptomatic myeloma in 34%. Renal presentation was acute kidney injury in patients with LCCD and CN, and chronic glomerular disease in the other types, 35% of whom had symptomatic extrarenal (mostly hepatic and cardiac) involvement. Sequencing of 18 pathogenic LC showed high isoelectric point values of variable domain complementarity determining regions, possibly accounting for tissue deposition. Among 169 patients who received chemotherapy (bortezomib-based in 58%), 67% achieved serum free light chain (FLC) response, including very good partial response (VGPR) or above in 52%. Renal response occurred in 62 patients (36%), all of whom had achieved hematological response. FLC response ≥ VGPR and absence of severe interstitial fibrosis were independent predictors of renal response. This study highlights an unexpected frequency of extrarenal manifestations in MIDD. Rapid diagnosis and achievement of deep FLC response are key factors of prognosis.
How I treat low von Willebrand factor levels
Authors: Lavin Michelle , O’Donnell James S.
Published: December 2018

Partial quantitative deficiency of plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) is responsible for the majority of cases of von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most common inherited human bleeding disorder. International consensus guidelines recommend that patients with reduced plasma VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) levels and bleeding phenotypes be considered in 2 distinct subsets. First, patients with marked reductions in plasma VWF levels (<30 IU/dL) usually have significant bleeding phenotypes and should be classified with “type 1 VWD.” In contrast, patients with intermediate reduced plasma VWF levels (in the range of 30-50 IU/dL) should be considered in a separate category labeled “low VWF levels.” These patients with low VWF commonly display variable bleeding phenotypes and often do not have VWF gene sequence variations. Because the pathophysiology underlying low VWF levels remains largely undefined, diagnosis and management of these patients continue to pose significant difficulties. In this article, we present a number of clinical case studies to highlight these common clinical challenges. In addition, we detail our approach to establishing a diagnosis in low VWF patients and discuss strategies for the management of these patients in the context of elective surgery and pregnancy.
Pulmonary rehabilitation in bronchiectasis: a propensity-matched study
Authors: Patel Suhani , Cole Aaron D. , Nolan Claire M. , Barker Ruth E. , Jones Sarah E. , Kon Samantha , Cairn Julius , Loebinger Michael , Wilson Robert , Man William D-C.
Published: December 2018

International guidelines recommend pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with bronchiectasis, supported by small trials and data extrapolated from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is unknown whether real-life data on completion rates and response to pulmonary rehabilitation are similar between patients with bronchiectasis and COPD.

Using propensity score matching, 213 consecutive patients with bronchiectasis referred for a supervised pulmonary rehabilitation programme were matched 1:1 with a control group of 213 patients with COPD. Completion rates, change in incremental shuttle walk (ISW) distance and change in Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) score with pulmonary rehabilitation were compared between groups.

Completion rate was the same in both groups (74%). Improvements in ISW distance and most domains of the CRQ with pulmonary rehabilitation were similar between the bronchiectasis and COPD groups (ISW distance: 70versus63 m; CRQ-Dyspnoea: 4.8versus5.3; CRQ-Emotional Function: 3.5versus4.6; CRQ-Mastery: 2.3versus2.9; all p>0.20). However, improvements in CRQ-Fatigue with pulmonary rehabilitation were greater in the COPD group (bronchiectasis 2.1versusCOPD 3.3; p=0.02).

In a real-life, propensity-matched control study, patients with bronchiectasis show similar completion rates and improvements in exercise and health status outcomes as patients with COPD. This supports the routine clinical provision of pulmonary rehabilitation to patients with bronchiectasis.
A musical intervention for respiratory comfort during noninvasive ventilation in the ICU
Authors: Messika Jonathan , Martin Yolaine , Maquigneau Natacha , Puechberty Christelle , Henry-Lagarrigue Matthieu , Stoclin Annabelle , Panneckouke Nataly , Villard Serge , Dechanet Aline , Lafourcade Alexandre , Dreyfuss Didier , Hajage David , Ricard Jean-Damien
Published: December 2018

Discomfort associated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may participate in its failure. We aimed to determine the effect of a musical intervention on respiratory discomfort during NIV in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

An open-label, controlled trial was performed over three centres. Patients requiring NIV for ARF were randomised to either a musical intervention group (where they received a musical intervention and were subjected to visual deprivation during the first 30 min of each NIV session), a sensory deprivation group (where they wore insulating headphones and were subjected to visual deprivation during the first 30 min of each NIV session), or a control group (where they received NIV as routinely performed). The primary outcome was the change in respiratory discomfort before and after 30 min of the first NIV session.

A total of 113 patients were randomised (36 in the musical intervention group, 38 in the sensory deprivation group and 39 in the control group). Median (interquartile range (IQR)) change in respiratory discomfort was 0 (−1; 1) between the musical intervention and control groups (p=0.7). Between groups comparison did not evidence any significant variation of respiratory parameters across time or health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at day-90. The Peri-traumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) at intensive care unit (ICU) discharge was reduced in musical intervention group patients. However, a 30 min musical intervention did not reduce respiratory discomfort during NIV for ARF in comparison to conventional care or sensory deprivation.
Cluster and CART analyses identify large subgroups of adults with cystic fibrosis at low risk of 10-year death
Authors: Burgel Pierre-Régis , Lemonnier Lydie , Dehillotte Clémence , Sykes Jenna , Stanojevic Sanja , Stephenson Anne L. , Paillasseur Jean-Louis
Published: December 2018

Our goal was to identify subgroups of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) at low risk of death within 10 years.

Factor analysis for mixed data followed by Ward's cluster analysis was conducted using 25 variables from 1572 French CF adults in 2005. Rates of death by subgroups were analysed over 10 years. An algorithm was developed using CART (classification and regression tree) analysis to provide rules for the identification of subgroups of CF adults with low rates of death within 10 years. This algorithm was validated in 1376 Canadian CF adults.

Seven subgroups were identified by cluster analysis in French CF adults, including two subgroups with low (∼5%) rates of death at 10 years: one subgroup (22% of patients) was composed of patients with nonclassic CF, the other subgroup (17% of patients) was composed of patients with classic CF but low rates ofPseudomonas aeruginosainfection and diabetes. An algorithm based on CART analysis of data in 2005 allowed us to identify most French adults with low rates of death. When tested using data from Canadian CF adults in 2005, the algorithm identified 287 out of 1376 (21%) patients at low risk (10-year death: 7.7%).

Large subgroups of CF adults share low risk of 10-year mortality.
Presentation, diagnosis and clinical course of the spectrum of progressive-fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Cottin Vincent , Hirani Nikhil A. , Hotchkin David L. , Nambiar Anoop M. , Ogura Takashi , Otaola María , Skowasch Dirk , Park Jong Sun , Poonyagariyagorn Hataya K. , Wuyts Wim , Wells Athol U.
Published: December 2018

Although these conditions are rare, a proportion of patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) may develop a progressive-fibrosing phenotype. Progressive fibrosis is associated with worsening respiratory symptoms, lung function decline, limited response to immunomodulatory therapies, decreased quality of life and, potentially, early death. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis may be regarded as a model for other progressive-fibrosing ILDs. Here we focus on other ILDs that may present a progressive-fibrosing phenotype, namely idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, connective tissue disease-associated ILDs (e.g.rheumatoid arthritis-related ILD), fibrotic chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, fibrotic chronic sarcoidosis and ILDs related to other occupational exposures. Differential diagnosis of these ILDs can be challenging, and requires detailed consideration of clinical, radiological and histopathological features. Accurate and early diagnosis is crucial to ensure that patients are treated optimally.
The epidemiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial lung diseases at risk of a progressive-fibrosing phenotype
Authors: Olson Amy L. , Gifford Alex H. , Inase Naohiko , Fernández Pérez Evans R. , Suda Takafumi
Published: December 2018

The availability of epidemiological data relating to interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) has increased over recent years, but information on the prevalence and incidence of ILDs of different aetiologies remains limited. Despite global distribution, the proportion of patients who develop a progressive phenotype across different ILDs is not well known. Disease behaviour is well documented in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis but idiosyncratic in other ILDs that may present a progressive fibrosing phenotype. Possible reasons may include the heterogeneous nature of the aetiology, the complexity of diagnosis (and subsequent documentation of cases) and the methods employed to retrospectively analyse patient databases. This review presents a broad overview of the epidemiological data available for ILDs that may present a progressive-fibrosing phenotype, collectively and stratified according to clinical classification. We also note where further data are needed in comparison to the well-studied IPF indication.
Systematic review of content and quality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis review articles
Authors: Milne Kathryn M. , Chan Chrystal , Fisher Jolene H. , de Boer Kaīssa , Ryerson Christopher J.
Published: December 2018

Narrative reviews are frequently accessed; however, the content and quality of review articles on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been assessed.

A systematic review assessed content and quality of narrative review articles that addressed the diagnosis or management of IPF and were published from 2001 to 2015. Article recommendations were assessed relative to contemporary IPF guidelines. Quality was assessed using the DISCERN instrument.

Articles were predominantly written by physicians and published in respiratory journals. Conflicts of interest and sources of funding were reported in 52% and 24% of reviews, respectively. European authors were more likely to recommend bronchoscopy (adjusted p=0.02) and were more likely to recommend pirfenidone or nintedanib prior to publication of definitive clinical trials (adjusted p=0.04). A total of 39% of management-focused articles suggested therapies that were never recommended in guidelines. Predictors of higher article quality were citation of the contemporary IPF guideline (p=0.01) and more recent publication (p=0.001).

Quality of reviews increased over time; however, review articles frequently made discordant recommendations compared to IPF guidelines. These findings indicate the need for authors, peer reviewers, editors and readers to critically appraise the content and quality of narrative reviews on IPF, and the need for frequent guideline updates to reflect new evidence.
Massive Hemorrhage From the Aorta on Removal of an Anterior Mediastinal Tumor in Spite of Using an Endovascular Stent Graft: A Case Report
Authors: Hayashi Yuri , Yasuda Atsushi , Adachi Sho , Sawamura Shigehito
Published: December 2018

A 68-year-old man was scheduled for mediastinal tumor resection. Aortic invasion was unclear on preoperative computed tomography. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a smooth endothelial border, but the tumor was contiguous with the distal arch, and the adventitial border was unclear. After median sternotomy, the tumor was found to be adherent to the aorta. An endovascular stent graft was placed in the distal arch to protect the aorta, but excessive bleeding occurred from the aortic defect on tumor removal. This case shows that massive hemorrhage can occur during the resection of an aorta-invading tumor despite the use of an endovascular stent graft.
The ubiquitin ligase HECTD1 promotes retinoic acid signaling required for development of the aortic arch
Authors: Sugrue Kelsey F. , Sarkar Anjali A. , Leatherbury Linda , Zohn Irene E.
Published: December 2018

The development of the aortic arch is a complex process that involves remodeling of the bilaterally symmetrical pharyngeal arch arteries (PAAs) into the mature asymmetric aortic arch. Retinoic acid signaling is a key regulator of this process by directing patterning of the second heart field (SHF), formation of the caudal PAAs and subsequent remodeling of the PAAs to form the aortic arch. Here, we identify the HECTD1 ubiquitin ligase as a novel modulator of retinoic acid signaling during this process. Hectd1opm/opm homozygous mutant embryos show a spectrum of aortic arch abnormalities that occur following loss of 4th PAAs and increased SHF marker expression. This sequence of defects is similar to phenotypes observed in mutant mouse models with reduced retinoic acid signaling. Importantly, HECTD1 binds to and influences ubiquitination of the retinoic acid receptor, alpha (RARA). Furthermore, reduced activation of a retinoic acid response element (RARE) reporter is detected in Hectd1 mutant cells and embryos. Interestingly, Hectd1opm/+ heterozygous embryos exhibit reduced retinoic acid signaling, along with intermediate increased expression of SHF markers; however, heterozygotes show normal development of the aortic arch. Decreasing retinoic acid synthesis by reducing Raldh2 (also known as Aldh1a2) gene dosage in Hectd1opm/+ heterozygous embryos reveals a genetic interaction. Double heterozygous embryos show hypoplasia of the 4th PAA and increased incidence of a benign aortic arch variant, in which the transverse arch between the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries is shortened. Together, our data establish that HECTD1 is a novel regulator of retinoic acid signaling required for proper aortic arch development.
Conformational flexibility in the enterovirus RNA replication platform
Authors: Warden Meghan S. , Cai Kai , Cornilescu Gabriel , Burke Jordan E. , Ponniah Komala , Butcher Samuel E. , Pascal Steven M.
Published: December 2018

A presumed RNA cloverleaf (5′CL), located at the 5′-most end of the noncoding region of the enterovirus genome, is the primary established site for initiation of genomic replication. Stem–loop B (SLB) and stem–loop D (SLD), the two largest stem–loops within the 5′CL, serve as recognition sites for protein interactions that are essential for replication. Here we present the solution structure of rhinovirus serotype 14 5′CL using a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. In the absence of magnesium, the structure adopts an open, somewhat extended conformation. In the presence of magnesium, the structure compacts, bringing SLB and SLD into close contact, a geometry that creates an extensive accessible major groove surface, and permits interaction between the proteins that target each stem–loop.
A retrospective study on pathological and clinical characteristics of 52 cases with the colorectal serrated polyp
Authors: Hua Xu Li , Jun Li Qian , Feng Shen Xiao , Jing Da , Wen Zhu Ya
Published: December 2018

Background and Objective: Colorectal serrated polyp is considered as histologically heterogeneous lesions with malignant potential. The aim of the study was to evaluate the endoscopic, clinic and pathologic characteristics of colorectal serrated polyps.

Methods: The endoscopic, clinic and pathologic characteristics of 52 cases with colorectal serrated polyps between January 2014 and May 2018 in our hospital were analyzed. retrospectively.

Results: The prevalence of serrated polyps was 0.39% (52/13,346). The proportions of hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P), and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) of all serrated polyps were 61.5%, 17.3%, and 21.2%, respectively, which showed a lower proportion of TSA and SSA/P and a higher proportion of HP.

Conclusions: The overall detection rate of colorectal serrated polyps was relatively low, and it is necessary to discriminate between SSAPs and HPs during endoscopic examination because of the malignant potential.

How to cite this:Hua XL, Jun LQ, Feng SX, Jing D, Wen ZY. A retrospective study on pathological and clinical characteristics of 52 cases with the colorectal serrated polyp. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):257-261. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.238

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
From security to precariousness: The case of the Greek mass media sector in neoliberal times
Authors: Dalkavoukis Vassilis , Spyridakis Manos
Published: December 2018

The paper focuses on the way ex-mass media employees experienced a dramatic passage from safe employment to a precarious condition.It is based on fourteen months ethnographic research (August 2012 to October 2013) in the closing premises of the ALTER TV Channel. In addition, fifteen semi–structured interviews were conducted with employees. In the concluding remarks a new type of working subject is questioned through a) the ‘reinvention’ of forgotten economic processes, b) the motivation of any social network to cope with precariousness and c) the critique of the so called ‘old fashioned’ syndicalism.
Νίκος Κουραχάνης Κοινωνικές πολιτικές στέγασης. Η ελληνική υπολειμματική προσέγγιση, Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση, Αθήνα 2017
Authors: Αντωνοπούλου Μαρία Γεωργία
Published: December 2018

no abstract
Recent advances in managing lower urinary tract infections
Authors: Lee Seung-Ju
Published: December 2018

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections. Traditionally, all symptomatic UTIs are tested and treated. The use of antibiotics has resulted in an antibiotic resistance crisis, and we have limited options for managing UTIs. Currently, we live in the era of antimicrobial resistance and may live in other eras like the era of the microbiome. New insights might provide an opportunity to prevent the overuse and misuse of antibiotics and could enable the development of innovate managing strategies.
Concern for Future Generations: Some Perspectives
Authors: Pal Sulagna
Published: December 2018

The present research paper, entitled “Concern for Future Generations: Some Perspectives” begins with revisiting a number of ideas related with the future dressed generations from the perspective of Environmental Ethics. One of the scholarly works which I have addressed here: Work by Gregory S.Kavka who has explained the problem of future generations in the essay, “The Paradox of Future Individuals”. Moreover, I have tried to highlight the view points where the scholars been addressed, fundamentally coincide and differ from each other. In the concluding part of the paper I have brought into focus 'the Buddhist theory of kamma and how the actions performed by individuals have an impact on future generations. I have shown how the actions of an individual in the present may address our concerns about the future generations. Does kamma legitimize concern for the future generations?
The Situation of New Religious Studies in Vietnam
Authors: Chung Truong Van , Linh Nguyen Thoai
Published: December 2018

There is a prominent phenomenon in the religious life of Vietnam, which is the emergence of “new religions”. These phenomena have not only made the religious space of the nation more complex and multi-dimensional but also challenged stability and sustainable development within the religious communities in this key economic region. Having studied the new religious phenomenon in recent years, we have noted its progress and widespread characteristics within the ethnic communities. While it may appear that "new religion" is a simple and gentle concept and practice, it is in fact, intrinsically related to and has significant implications on the social life of the community members. However, there is a growing concern, considerable suspicion and anxiety with regards to its impacts on individuals, families, social and cultural traditions, beliefs and religions; many have opined that it is radically changing the peaceful cohabitation of diverse religious traditions, revealing a potential for conflicts across groups. Based on the religious reality of the Southern region of Vietnam, the Center for Religion Studies has implemented a project regarding new religions in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and the problems faced by the religious policy in Vietnam. This article is an overview of the results of this project.
What is Interdisciplinary ? How is it Different from Multidisciplinary ?
Authors: Gurukkal Rajan
Published: December 2018

Discipline based approach to knowledge and specialization goes back to the classical Graeco-Roman times. It was Isaac Newton’s Principia, which represented academic perfection of Renaissance inquiry, criticism, creativity and theorization. Principia set the epochal model of knowledge and led to the making of the Age of Enlightenment and the Age of Reason. August Comte heralded an era of Positivism in academic research and prepared the ground for the making of disciplines. As new knowledge accrued over centuries, specialization got diversified at the expense of holistic understanding. Academics of disciplinary specialization sought to resolve the problem through multidisciplinary research. Inherently discipline centric, it got further distanced from social reality. Interdisciplinary approach began as a movement through convergence research aiming to restore holistic comprehension and draw knowledge closer to social reality. It is production of knowledge beyond disciplines and across their interfaces enabling research output to be regenerative, non-conventional and resolution oriented.
Ion dynamics in magnetosonic shock front
Authors: Кичигин Геннадий , Kichigin Gennadiy
Published: December 2018

I address the ion dynamics at the front of magnetosonic shocks moving at different angles θ to the magnetic field vector. I employ a shock discontinuity model in which the ramp potential difference is taken into account. The analysis conditionally separates all the ions incoming to the front of oblique magnetosonic shocks into the following categories: 1) transient, 2) reflected, 3) gyrating in front of the ramp, 4) pickup in the ramp. Both gyrating and pickup ions are shown to be present temporarily at the magnetosonic shock front at any angles θ. In the end, both the former and the latter appear to be transient in a strictly transversal magnetosonic shock; and either transient or reflected, in an oblique magnetosonic shock. I have found the critical angle θ* that separates ions into transient and reflected in an oblique magnetosonic shock. The critical angle θ* depends both on the velocity of the particles, incident on ramp, and on dimensions of the ramp potential difference. The most important results are that I have identified the physical cause of the production of the reflected ions having a significant energy and have revealed the mechanism for their acceleration in the ramp (surfing). In the near-Earth shock ion foreshock, these very ener-getic ions (from tens to hundreds of keV) escaping from the magnetosonic shock front at a small angle to the front plane manifest themselves in observations in the form of so-called field-aligned beams (FABs) and form the ion foreshock boundary.
Ocorrência de Aethalion reticulatum Linnaeus (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) em Tectona grandis Linn. f. (Verbenaceae) em Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Tavares Thiago Assis , Fonseca Adriano Geraldo , Sousa Fernanda Freitas , De Assis Júnior Sebastião Lourenço
Published: December 2018

Resumo. A Teca (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) é uma espécie arbórea oriunda do sudeste da Ásia que foi introduzida no Brasil nos anos 60. Atualmente seu cultivo está em franca expansão em vários estados. Apesar desta espécie apresentar relativa resistência, alguns insetos têm sido reportados em povoamentos homogêneos, com possibilidades de provocar perdas em sua produção. Foi observada a ocorrência de uma cigarrinha em teca no município de Paulistas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A espécie Aethalion reticulatum Linnaeus (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) foi encontrada em galhos e folhas de árvores com três anos de idade. A ocorrência dessa cigarrinha indica a colonização e adaptação por insetos nativos, que futuramente poderão alcançar o status de praga da cultura da teca.Occurrence of Aethalion reticulatum Linnaeus (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) in Tectona grandis Linn. f. (Verbenaceae) in Minas Gerais, BrazilAbstract. Teca (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) is a tree species originating in Southeast Asia wich was introduced in Brazil in the 1960s. Currently, its cultivation is booming in several states. Although this species shows relative resistance, some insects have been reported in homogenous stands, with possibilities of causing losses in their production. It was observed the occurrence of a spittlebug in teak in the municipality of Paulistas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The specie Aethalion reticulatum Linnaeus (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) was found on branches and leaves of three years old trees. The occurrence of this spittlebug indicates colonization and adaptation by native insects, which may eventually reach the pest status of teak culture.
Ataque de Trigona spinipes (Fabr.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) em pitaia Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) e Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) (Cactaceae) em Couto de Magalhães de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Alves Deilson de Almeida , Lima João Esdras , Soares Marcus Alvarenga , Rabelo Josimara Mendes , Da Cruz Maria do Céu Monteiro
Published: December 2018

Resumo. A pitaia Hylocereus spp. (Cactaceae) é uma espécie frutífera exótica com cultivo em fase de expansão no Brasil. Problemas com pragas ainda são poucos relatados. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência da abelha arapuá Trigona spinipes (Fabr.)(Hymenoptera: Apidae) em espécies de pitaia Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) e Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) no município de Couto de Magalhães de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os danos principais decorrentes do ataque ocorrem nos frutos maduros, depreciando o fruto para comercialização. Este registro demonstra que T. spinipes necessita ser monitorada pelo potencial causador de danos significativos em pitaia e consequentemente perdas na produção.Attack of Trigona spinipes (Fabr.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) in dragon fruit Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) and Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) (Cactaceae) in Couto de Magalhães de Minas, Minas Gerais State, BrazilAbstract. The dragon fruit Hylocereus spp. (Cactaceae) is an exotic fruit species with crop in expansion phase in Brazil. Problems with pests are still few reported. The objective of this work was to report the occurrence of the Trigona spinipes (Fabr.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) bee on the dragon fruit species Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) and Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) in the municipality of Couto de Magalhães de Minas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The main damages resulting from the attack occur in the mature fruits, depreciating them for commercialization. This record demonstrates that T. spinipes needs to be monitored for the potential to damage dragon fruit and consequently production losses.
Os agremiados, os contribuintes e o tecido comercial: Os Grémios do Comércio de Braga e Guimarães, 1944-1955
Authors: Torres Jorge Mano
Published: December 2018

Os grémios, organismos corporativos patronais, surgiram enquadrados no corporativismo e na sua organização, instituído pelo Estado Novo, como uma resposta política e económico-social a uma situação de crise e com perigos à espreita (crise de 1929 e II Guerra Mundial), numa economia com vulnerabilidades estruturais. O regime instaurado defendia uma lógica de organização económica e social, privilegiando o interesse geral, através de uma harmonia entre os vários intervenientes do mercado, que o próprio Estado controlava. É neste contexto político-ideológico que surgem as corporações e os grémios, que iriam controlar as decisões económicas nacionais, constituindo os grémios (a par dos sindicatos nacionais, casas do povo e casas dos pescadores) a base da organização corporativa, tendo como principais funções a representaçãoprofissional e a defesa de categoria económica. Os grémios do comércio de Braga e Guimarães foram oficialmente instituídos em Junho e Abril de 1940, respetivamente, resultando da transformação das anteriores associações comerciais, que estavam ameaçadas de dissolução caso optassem por não aderirà política corporativa instaurada pelo Estado Novo, vindo a desaparecer após a Revolução de 25 de Abril de 1974, e do consequente desmantelamento da estrutura corporativa. Com recurso aos arquivos de ambos os organismos, na posse das associações comerciais de Braga e Guimarães, tem-se como objectivo analisar o tecido comercial criado pelos organismos bracarense e vimaranense, nas suas dimensões, diversidade e peso económico.
O teatro como manifesto político no advento do salazarismo: O caso da peça O Estandarte, em 1932
Authors: Victorino José Guilherme
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo tem por objeto a análise do enredo e dos múltiplos contornos de uma obra nunca publicada, julgada como perdida, O Estandarte, original de António Ferro, levada à cena em 1932. Para além da polémica que rodeou a estreia, examinam-se outros elementos, como as motivações do autor ao ter baseado a peça em factos reais, incidindo sobre a vida de Homem Cristo Filho, não só pretendendo reabilitar a sua memória, como aproveitando para clamar sobre a necessidade de um apaziguamento entre fações em conflito no mesmo campo político. Além da imprensa da época, esta pesquisa incluiu a consulta de correspondência inédita, entre ambos, de onde também se colocam hipóteses sobre as motivações e antecedentes que terão levado Ferro a estrear a peça naquele momento político e a probabilidade de, através d’O Estandarte, ter pretendido contribuir para a criação de um ambiente favorável à ascensão de Salazar, perante a opinião pública, demarcando-se, em simultâneo, de um passado extremista, da maior conveniência perante o advento da nova ordem que começava a prefigurar-se.
ANÁLISES COMPUTACIONAIS PREDITIVAS COMO UM NOVO BIOPODER: MODIFICAÇÕES DO TEMPO NA SOCIEDADE DOS SENSORES
Authors: De Menezes Neto Elias Jacob , De Morais Jose Luis Bolzan
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o surgimento dos mecanismos de análises preditivas associados ao big data. Primeiro, apresentamos uma introdução ao conceito de “sociedade dos sensores”, que viabiliza a coleta de grandes quantidades de dados constantemente. Estes dados são o fundamento dos algoritmos de análises preditivas, sendo problemáticos para o direito, pois tais análises possibilitam que seres humanos sejam categorizados com base nos resultados de um conjunto complexo de algoritmos que não podem ser explicados de modo tradicional. Por fim, retomamos ao conceito de biopoder de Foucault, argumentando que se trata de um modelo útil para pensar o poder no cenário exposto, desde que devidamente atualizado. Concluímos que o biopoder agora é híbrido, vez que congrega uma diversidade enorme de tecnologias, sempre com a finalidade de identificar e rastrear indivíduos e grupos, bem como criar modelos preditivos de comportamento e risco.
TOMADA DE DECISÃO APOIADA: O INSTRUMENTO JURÍDICO DE APOIO À PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA INAUGURADO PELA LEI NO.13.146/2015
Authors: Menezes Joyceane Bezerra de
Published: December 2018

Informa o conceito, finalidades, características e pressupostos da tomada de decisão apoiada, bem como do mecanismo processual para a sua aplicação. Apresenta esse instituto e a sua vinculação às premissas básicas da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, quais sejam, o reconhecimento da autonomia do sujeito com deficiência em igualdade com os demais e a aplicação do modelo social de abordagem da deficiência, cuja consequência é a modificação do sistema protetivo. Migra-se de um modelo paternalista de substituição da vontade para um modelo emancipatório pautado no apoio. Com essa ratio, a tomada de decisão apoiada precisa ser compreendida sob pena de sua aplicação desvirtuada perpetuar o modelo de proteção ultrapassado que se pauta exclusivamente na exclusão da pessoa pela substituição da vontade. Quanto à natureza, a pesquisa realizada qualifica-se como básica e exploratório-explicativa, quanto aos objetivos. Quanto ao procedimento, fez-se um levantamento de dados bibliográficos e documental, focado nas decisões jurisprudenciais pertinentes ao tema.
ACORDOS SUBSTITUTIVOS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE REGULAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Guerra Sérgio , S. R. Sampaio Romulo
Published: December 2018

Acordos substitutivos podem ser utilizados como alternativa regulatória ambiental em matéria de compensação por ato lícito e por ato ilícito. São há muito aceitos pelas normas de Direito Ambiental em ambos os casos, mas praticados pela Administração Pública apenas mediante compensação por ato lícito, ou seja, por impacto ambiental. Falta de segurança jurídica constituiu histórico obstáculo à ampla utilização deste instrumento de regulação ambiental. A consensualidade vem sendo tratada como uma nova tendência pela moderna teoria de Direito Administrativo. A regulação ambiental serve de estudo de caso para demonstração da efetividade dessa alternativa regulatória na maximização do interesse público a partir da análise de conveniência no caso concreto. Recentes alterações normativas no Direito Ambiental, promovidas pelos Decretos 9.179/17 e MP 809/17, podem aumentar a segurança jurídica para otimização e promoção dos acordos substitutivos na regulação ambiental. Podem servir também de referencial normativo para outras áreas reguladas, potencializando o interesse público pela consensualidade.