bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HLA Antigens and Factor VIII Antibody in Classic Hemophilia
Authors: Frommel D , Allain J P , Saint-Paul E , Bosser C , Noël B , Mannucci P M , Pannicucci F , Blombäck M , Prou-Wartelle O , Muller J Y
Published: July 2018

Possible interrelations between the immune response factor VIII and the major histocompatibility system were investigated in 57 multi-transfused hemophilic brothers belonging to 26 families. Linkage appears very unlikely although formal proof of independence cannot be offered. The HLA system, therefore, does not provide markers predictive for the development of antibodies to factor VIII in severe hemophilia A.
Platelet and Coagulation Function in Patients with Abnormal Cardiac Valves Treated with Sulphinpyrazone
Authors: Ludlam C A , Allan N , blandford R B , Dowdle R , Bentley N J , Bloom A L
Published: July 2018

Eight patients on warfarin with rheumatic heart disease and prosthetic cardiac valves were selected for study on the basis of persistently elevated plasma β-thromboglobulin (β-tg) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) concentrations. Platelet mean lifespan and fibrinogen half life were short, and positively correlated, and both were inversely related to the Plasma concentrations of the platelet specific proteins. Antithrombin III (ATIII) levels were also reduced. Treatment with sulphinpyrazone resulted in lengthening of both platelet and fibrinogen survival, a rise in ATIII but no change in the βtg or PF4 concentrations. It is concluded that patients with abnormal cardiac valves and raised plasma levels of βtg or PF4 have, despite warfarin, a consumption coagulopathy that can be inhibited by sulphinpyrazone.
GAGs-Potentiated Inhibition of Thrombin, Factor Xa and Plasmin in Plasma and in a Purified System Containing Antithrombin III – Correlation with Total Charge Density
Authors: Cofrancesco E , Vigo A , Pogliani E M
Published: July 2018

The ability of heparin and related glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) to accelerate the inhibition of thrombin, factor Xa and plasmin in plasma and in a purified system containing antithrombin III (At III) was studied using chromogenic peptide substrate assays

There was a good correlation between the charge density of the mucopolysaccharides and the activities investigated. While the difference between potentiation of the antithrombin activity by GAGs in plasma and in the purified system was slight, the inhibition of factor Xa in plasma was more pronounced than in the presence of purified At III, indicating the mechanisms for GAGs-potentiated inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa are not identical.

For the antiplasmin activity, there was a good correlation between the chemical structure and biological activity only in the pure system, confirming that the antithrombin-GAG complex plays a very limited role in the inactivation of plasmin in plasma.
Investigate the initialization of materials removal and deformation in single point diamond fly cutting technique using multiscale method
Authors: Han Xuesong
Published: July 2018

Diamond fly cutting (DFC) is a technique which can accurately and efficiently generate shapes in the micro & nanometer scale. However, the miniaturization of parts and the small depth of cut make the materials removal or deformation in the DFC different from the common machining technology. It is difficult to investigate materials deformation or failure by means of pure macroscopic or microscopic scale method. Multiscale method can study material behavior across different length & temporal scale simultaneously which is helpful about uncover important properties and materials response in DFC and thus being employed in this work. The results show that several slipping-dislocation systems are generated with feeding of the cutting tool while most of them extend along the rake angle of cutting tool. The plastic deformation is a discrete process in the atomic scale while it is generally considered as continuum process in the macroscopic scale. The first slipping-band becomes the boundary of the following slipping process which leads to the different generation mechanism of the following dislocation. The dislocation density, cross-slip and junction increase with the increasing of strain rate. The dislocation density is gradually decreased far away from materials surface which justifies that most of the dislocation ought to be generated by the surface defects than by the internal defects. The dislocation can also be regenerated by the complicated dynamic behavior of the existing dislocations without external loading which lead to the complexity of the deformation process. The slipping-band can be considered as the green-channel of stress relaxation as the maximum stress is originated at the tool-workpiece contact area and gradually decreased in the further area.
Access to sexual health services after the rapid roll out of the launch of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV in Melbourne, Australia: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Needleman Robert , Chow Eric P. F. , Towns Janet M. , Cornelisse Vincent J. , Yang Tim Z. T. , Chen Marcus Y. , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Fortune Ria , Fairley Christopher K.
Published: July 2018

Background
On 26 July 2016, Victoria began a large study of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, called PrEPX, that involved the creation of around 2600 appointments over 3 months across multiple sites in Melbourne, Australia. At this time, the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) appeared to have a larger demand on its services. The aim of the present study was to determine whether this apparent increase in demand was substantially different from other demand fluctuations. Methods: Patients presenting to the MSHC from 2014 to 2016 were reviewed. Demographic characteristics, sexual risks and sexually transmitted infection diagnoses were extracted from the clinical database. Results: There were 115522 walk-in presentations for care and a rise in presentations in the week following the launch of the PrEPX study, but at least six similar peaks occurred that year. The peak coinciding with the launch of PrEPX was only apparent for men who have sex with men. There was a substantial increase in the proportion of patients who could not be seen (i.e. triaged out), from 10% in the week before PrEPX to 22.2% in the second week after, but this was primarily due to staff absences. At the time of the PrEPX study, data were collected on the duration of symptoms for common conditions and found no significant (P>0.29) change in the average duration of symptoms compared with that seen before the PrEPX launch. Conclusions: The increase in the number of medical consultations required for the PrEPX study did not result in excessive demand for public sexual health services.
Disruption of the Pathogenicity and Sex Ratio of the Beet Cyst Nematode Heterodera schachtii by Host-Delivered RNA Interference
Authors: Amin Reza Behzadi , Karegar Akbar , Afsharifar Alireza , Niazi Ali , Karimi Mansour
Published: July 2018

The beet cyst nematode (BCN) Heterodera schachtii causes serious damage and yield losses in numerous important crops worldwide. This study examines the efficacy of three types of transgenic Arabidopsis RNA interference (RNAi) lines to decrease the biological activity of this devastating nematode. The first RNAi construct (E1E2-RNAi) targets two nematode endoglucanase genes, which are involved in BCN pathogenicity, the second construct (MSP-RNAi) contains a fragment corresponding to the major sperm protein transcript necessary for BCN development and reproduction, and the third construct (E1E2MSP-RNAi) comprises all three target fragments. Transcript expression profiles of the target genes in all biological stages of the nematode were determined for the initial inoculated population and the resulting progeny. Bioassay data under indoor aseptic cultivation indicated that feeding on these RNAi lines did not affect pathogenic activity and reproductive capacity of the initial population, whereas inoculating the progeny into new transgenic plants corresponding with the lines from which they were recovered reduced the nematode penetration and the number of eggs per cyst. In addition, the male/female ratio increased more than the double, and the effects of RNAi continued in the second generation of the nematodes, because the progeny derived from E1E2-RNAi and E1E2MSP-RNAi lines showed an impaired ability to infect wild-type plants.
Cell-autonomous regulation of astrocyte activation by the circadian clock protein BMAL1
Authors: Lananna Brian V. , Nadarajah Collin J. , Izumo Mariko , Cedeño Michelle R. , Xiong David D. , Dimitry Julie , Tso Chak Foon , McKee Celia A. , Griffin Percy , Sheehan Patrick W. , Haspel Jeffery A. , Barres Ben A. , Liddelow Shane A. , Takahashi Joseph S. , Karatsoreos Ilia N. , Musiek Erik S.
Published: July 2018

Circadian clock dysfunction is a common symptom of aging and neurodegenerative diseases, though its impact on brain health is poorly understood. Astrocyte activation occurs in response to diverse insults, and plays a critical role in brain health and disease. We report that the core clock protein BMAL1 regulates astrogliosis in a synergistic manner via a cell-autonomous mechanism, and via a lesser non-cell-autonomous signal from neurons. Astrocyte-specific Bmal1 deletion induces astrocyte activation in vitro and in vivo, mediated in part by suppression of glutathione-s-transferase signaling. Functionally, loss of Bmal1 in astrocytes promotes neuronal death in vitro. Our results demonstrate that the core clock protein BMAL1 regulates astrocyte activation and function in vivo, elucidating a novel mechanism by which the circadian clock could influence many aspects of brain function and neurologic disease.

Highlights

Circadian disruption promotes astrocyte activation.

Astrocyte-specific deletion of the circadian clock gene BMAL1 induces astrocyte activation.

BMAL1 regulates astrocyte activation by altering glutathione-s-transferase signaling.

Loss of astrocyte BMAL1 enhances neuronal cell death in a co-culture system.

eTOC blurb

Lananna et al. show that the circadian clock protein BMAL1 regulates astrocyte activation via a cell autonomous-mechanism involving diminished glutathione-s-transferase signaling. This finding elucidates a novel function of the core circadian clock in astrocytes, and reveals a BMAL1 as a modulator of astrogliosis.
The interrelationships between self-determined motivations, memorable experiences and overall satisfaction
Authors: Sie Lintje , Phelan Kelly Virginia , Pegg Shane
Published: July 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to assess the relationships between older travelers’ self-determined motivations, memorable travel experiences and overall satisfaction with educational holidays. This study also examined the mediating effects of memorable travel experiences on the relationships between motivations and overall satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

An integrative model using a pre-post travel approach was used as the framework for this study. A total of 361 valid pre- and post-travel surveys were gathered from Australians 50 years or older who participated in educational tour packages.

Findings

Results found “personal development” and “learning” dimensions of intrinsic self-determined motivations were the main decision making factors for older adults to engage in educational tourism. “Learning” was the main driver to influence memorable experiences and overall satisfaction. Findings also revealed “local culture” and “excitement” dimensions of memorable experiences were found to influence their overall satisfaction with the trip. These two dimensions were found to be significant factors that partially mediated the relationship between intrinsic motivation (“learning”) and overall satisfaction.

Originality/value

This study contributed to developing a theoretical framework that assessed antecedents and outcomes of older adults’ motivations and travel-related behaviors.
Are multinational enterprises in retreat?
Authors: Vahlne Jan-Erik , Ivarsson Inge , Alvstam Claes G.
Published: July 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to contribute to the debate concerning the asserted end of the globalization process.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is a description of the evolution of all Swedish MNEs, the 50 largest companies and the ten truly global MNEs, building on data compiled by the authors, mainly from annual reports.

Findings

The largest Swedish MNEs have continued to globalize and have at the same time improved their financial performance during the period of study, 2010-2016.

Practical implications

The proposition that multinationals are heading home cannot be confirmed in the Swedish case. There is therefore a need to compare Swedish experiences with other national examples to better generalize the findings.

Social implications

The political decisions regarding external trade and foreign direct investment should support continuous liberalization and facilitation of cross-border economic interaction.

Originality/value

As Swedish MNEs are more globalized than the average in advanced economies, this study offers insight into the contemporary internationalization process.
The Kodak Syndrome: Risks and Opportunities Created by Decentralization of Forensic Capabilities
Authors: Casey Eoghan , Ribaux Olivier , Roux Claude
Published: July 2018

Forensic science laboratories are being challenged by the expanding decentralization of forensic capabilities, particularly for digital traces. This study recommends laboratories undertake digital transformations to capitalize on the decentralization movement, develop a more comprehensive understanding of crime and security‐relevant problems, and play a more central role in problem‐solving collaboratively with law enforcement organizations and other stakeholders. A framework for the bilateral transfer of information and knowledge is proposed to magnify the impact of forensic science laboratories on abating crime, strengthening security, and reinforcing the criminal justice system. To accomplish digital transformations, laboratories require personnel with different expertise, including investigative reasoning, knowledge codification, data analytics, and forensic intelligence. Ultimately, this study encourages managers, educators, researchers, and policymakers to look beyond the usefulness of forensic results for solving individual investigations, and to realize the value of combined forensic knowledge and intelligence for developing broader strategies to deal with crime in digitalized society.
Behavioral responses of Anagrus nilaparvatae to common terpenoids, aromatic compounds, and fatty acid derivatives from rice plants
Authors: Mao Guofeng , Tian Jiaxin , Li Ting , Fouad Hatem , Ga'al Hassan , Mo Jianchu
Published: July 2018

The attraction of parasitoids to their hosts is a key issue in efforts to enhance biological control efficiency. This study was conducted to identify which rice plant volatiles are attractive to females of the rice planthopper egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) by using Y‐tube olfactometer behavior assays. Our results demonstrated that 10 of 17 selected volatiles – that is, 3‐carene, linalool oxide, linalool, benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)‐2‐hexenal, (E)‐2‐hexen‐1‐ol, (E)‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol, and hexanal – from three major groups of rice plant volatiles – terpenoids, aromatic compounds, fatty acid derivatives – attracted female A. nilaparvatae at various doses. Two full‐component mixtures of 10 behaviorally active compounds at different ratios were more attractive to wasps compared with individual volatiles. Blends composed of the 10 behaviorally active compounds in their optimally attractive doses (i.e., each in the dose that elicited the strongest response in the wasps) or at equal mass ratio may be considered as attractants for A. nilaparvatae and thus help to control rice planthoppers.
Shallow Unconfined Flow on a Sloping Base Redux
Authors: Barnes Randal J.
Published: July 2018

When is the impact of a sloping base large enough to justify more complex models for an unconfined aquifer? The intuitive answer that “it depends on the magnitude of the slope” is not wholly correct. Using recent mathematical results (the Lambert W function), we explicitly solve the simple sloping base problem. This explicit solution offers insights beyond those possible using Dupuit's, Polubarinov‐Kochina's, Harr's, Child's, and others' implicit solutions. Specifically, it shows that the impact of the sloping base is best characterized by the saturated thickness divided by the change in base elevation, not by the slope.
Accuracy of non‐invasive scoring systems for diagnosing non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis‐related fibrosis: Multicenter validation study
Authors: Itoh Yoshito , Seko Yuya , Shima Toshihide , Nakajima Tomoaki , Mizuno Kei , Kawamura Yusuke , Akuta Norio , Ito Kiyoaki , Kawanaka Miwa , Hiramatsu Akira , Sakamoto Michiie , Harada Kenichi , Goto Yoshihito , Nakayama Takeo , Kumada Hiromitsu , Okanoue Takeshi
Published: July 2018

Aim

Hepatic fibrosis is the most important factor for estimating the prognosis of patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A novel non‐invasive scoring system, the FM‐fibro index, showed high accuracy in a pilot study. The purpose of this study was to validate the efficacy of the FM‐fibro index in a multicenter cohort.

Methods

Among 18 institutions, we analyzed 400 Japanese patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD. We evaluated the accuracies of the FM‐fibro index, CA‐fibro index, and European Liver Fibrosis (ELF) panel by area under the receiver operator characteristics curves (AUROC). The FM‐fibro index includes three formulas for type IV collagen 7S, hyaluronic acid, and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1.

Results

Among 400 patients, 205 were women, and the median age was 56 years. The histological distribution of Matteoni types 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 11, 40, 15, and 334, and the distribution of hepatic fibrosis stages 0 to 4 was 67, 183, 55, 63, and 32, respectively. The AUROCs of the FM‐fibro index, CA‐fibro index, and ELF panel for non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)‐related fibrosis were 0.7178/0.7095/0.7065, 0.7093, and 0.7245, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the FM‐fibro index for predicting NASH‐related fibrosis was 0.5359/0.5210/0.4641 and 0.8333/0.8182/0.8788, respectively. The accuracy of the FM‐fibro index was not significantly different from that of the CA‐fibro index or the ELF panel.

Conclusions

The FM‐fibro index can predict NASH‐related fibrosis with sufficient accuracy compared with previous scoring systems. Further analyses that verify the accuracy of the FM‐fibro index to distinguish significant or advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD are awaited. (UMIN‐CTR: UMIN000018158).
Determinants of the relationship between investor sentiment and analysts’ private information production
Authors: Keshk Walied , Wang Jeff J.
Published: July 2018

We examine whether and how investor sentiment affects analysts’ private information production and the factors that moderate this influence. As expected, analysts’ private information production (measured by the information asymmetry component of analyst forecast dispersion) is significantly negatively associated with investor sentiment. Our tests also show that higher institutional holdings of stock, longer analysts’ earnings forecasting experience, and higher levels of short selling of stock mitigate this negative influence of sentiment on analysts’ private information production. Our findings are informative for researchers, financial analysts, and market participants who rely on analysts’ forecasts to form earnings expectations.
Does social performance influence breadth of ownership?
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Bon , Li Bing , Liu Zhenbin
Published: July 2018

This study examines the hitherto unexplored question of whether and how a firm's social performance influences the breadth of that firm's share ownership. We predict and find that firms with higher corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings attract more institutional investors (especially long‐term, low‐stake and green institutional investors) and more individual investors. This finding is consistent with the notion that investors are more interested in firms with higher CSR ratings and thus prefer to hold stocks of such firms. We also find that firms with higher CSR ratings are associated with higher stock liquidity, lower cost of equity capital, more equity and debt issuance, and greater investment, and that sin stocks are associated with a lower investor base, which further corroborates our prediction. Our results are robust to potential endogeneity, the use of alternative model specifications, and an alternative proxy for CSR performance.
Empirical Evidence of the Introduction of the Services Directive on Microeconomic Productivity
Authors: Olbrecht Vojtěch
Published: July 2018

The Services Directive puts into motion the free movement of services, one of the milestones of the Single Market of the European Union. Though very ambitious in its draft version, several adjustments have been made and it is being questioned whether the final Directive is helpful at all. This article aims to answer the question by focusing on the productivity of affected companies from retail and the wholesale trade sector with the use of two distinct control groups and employing difference‐in‐difference‐in‐differences design on firm‐level data. The article finds that the Services Directive has significantly increased the productivity of companies though the results cannot be labelled as profoundly causal, as is further discussed in the article.
Power morcellation‐induced dissemination of sarcomatous component arising in leiomyoma
Authors: Emoto Ikuko , Moriuchi Kaori , Kanbayashi Shota , Inohaya Asako , Ri Yasufumi , Sato Yukiyasu
Published: July 2018

In 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration issued a safety communication warning against the use of power morcellators during laparoscopic hysterectomy or myomectomy. We report a case of peritoneal leiomyosarcomatosis attributable to power morcellation. A 49‐year‐old nulligravid woman presented with a huge uterine tumor measuring 15 × 8 cm that was diagnosed as benign leiomyoma on magnetic resonance imaging. The uterine tumor had shrunk to 13 × 7 cm after five treatment courses with a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist. She underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy using power morcellation; postoperative pathological diagnosis was benign leiomyoma. After 6 months, urinary ascites developed because of right ureteral rupture. She underwent laparotomy and was diagnosed with peritoneal leiomyosarcomatosis. Meticulous and thorough reevaluation of the morcellated specimens revealed a small component of leiomyosarcoma. Use of power morcellation should be minimized until the advent of novel methods that can perfectly differentiate benign from malignant uterine tumors preoperatively.
Germanium out diffusion in SiGe-based HfO2 gate stacks
Authors: Martinez Eugenie , Nolot Emmanuel , Barnes Jean-Paul , Mazel Yann , Bernier Nicolas , Muthinti Raja , Jagannathan Hemanth , Lee Choonghyun , Gambacorti Narciso
Published: July 2018

The authors report about a detailed study of the chemical composition of advanced HfO2/interfacial layer/SiGe stacks for future p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. Several state-of-the-art characterization techniques are implemented to provide consistent and complementary information about interfacial chemical states and Ge diffusion along the stack. Angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is performed in both standard and parallel modes. Results highlight the presence of elemental Ge in the HfO2, suggesting some Ge out diffusion from the SiGe substrate. This trend is confirmed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and plasma profiling time-of-flight mass spectrometry, a recently developed technique to monitor thin films compositions during device manufacturing.
Juno observations of spot structures and a split tail in Io-induced aurorae on Jupiter
Authors: Mura A. , Adriani A. , Connerney J. E. P. , Bolton S. , Altieri F. , Bagenal F. , Bonfond B. , Dinelli B. M. , Gérard J.-C. , Greathouse T. , Grodent D. , Levin S. , Mauk B. , Moriconi M. L. , Saur J. , Waite J. H. , Amoroso M. , Cicchetti A. , Fabiano F. , Filacchione G. , Grassi D. , Migliorini A. , Noschese R. , Olivieri A. , Piccioni G. , Plainaki C. , Sindoni G. , Sordini R. , Tosi F. , Turrini D.
Published: July 2018

Moons drive structure in Jupiter's aurorae

Like Earth, Jupiter has aurorae generated by energetic particles hitting its atmosphere. Those incoming particles can come from Jupiter's moons Io and Ganymede. Mura
et al.
used infrared observations from the Juno spacecraft to image the moon-generated aurorae. The pattern induced by Io showed an alternating series of spots, reminiscent of vortices, and sometimes split into two arcs. Aurorae related to Ganymede could also show a double structure. Although the cause of these unexpected features remains unknown, they may provide a way to examine how the moons produce energetic particles or how the particles propagate to Jupiter.

Science
, this issue p.
774
Molecular movies filmed at conical intersections
Authors: Fielding Helen H.
Published: July 2018

Electron diffraction maps atomic motions that result from photoexcitation of CF
3
I molecules
Innovations in the psychosocial treatment of youth with anxiety disorders: implications for a stepped care approach
Authors: Ollendick Thomas H , Öst Lars-Göran , Farrell Lara J
Published: July 2018

Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent among children and adolescents and frequently result in impairments across multiple domains of life. While psychosocial interventions, namely cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), have been found to be highly effective in treating these conditions, significant numbers of youth simply do not have access to these evidence-based interventions, and of those who do, a substantial proportion (up to 40%) fail to achieve remission. Thus, there is a pressing need for innovation in both the delivery of evidence-based treatments and efforts to enhance treatment outcomes for those who do not respond to standard care. This paper reviews current innovations attempting to address these issues, including evidence for brief, low-intensity approaches to treatment; internet delivered CBT and brief, high-intensity CBT. Moreover, we propose a model of stepped care delivery of evidence-based mental health interventions for children and youth with anxiety. In general, a stepped care approach begins with a lower intensity, evidence-based treatment that entails minimal therapist involvement (ie, brief, low-intensity self-help or internet delivered CBT) and then proceeds to more intensive treatments with greater therapist involvement (ie, brief high-intensity CBT), but only for those individuals who show a poor response at each step along the way. Future research is needed in order to evaluate such a model, and importantly, to identify predictors and moderators of response at each step, in order to inform an evidence-based, fully-integrated stepped care approach to service delivery.
Evaluating Actors’ Behavior on Social Media
Authors: Yan Yiping , Tu Wei , Ding Xu , Sun Lifeng
Published: July 2018

While social networks have become primary promotion platforms for TV series, it is crucial to provide reliable measurements of promotion effectiveness for actors, which can guide them to select better promotion strategies when they post microblogs. In this paper, influence indexes are proposed to measure the influence of microblogs, and some measurements on actors’ microblogs also indicate and reveal some useful patterns in their promotion behaviors. Then, a propensity score-matching method is applied to these data to identify effective promotion strategies at two promotion periods. In experiments, the proposed model is shown to be significant by [Formula: see text]-test evaluation and the model is demonstrated to be adequately specified by balance diagnostics. We also do sensitivity analysis to analyze how hidden covariates impact conclusions. With this application of microblog data, the causal effects between promotion strategies and promotion results can be assessed. Finally, we treat not only baseline covariates, but also the promotion strategies as features and predict the influence of promotion microblogs. With these features, we can acquire a more accurate prediction effect.
Statistical Unigram Analysis for Source Code Repository
Authors: Xu Weifeng , Xu Dianxiang , Alatawi Abdulrahman , El Ariss Omar , Liu Yunkai
Published: July 2018

Unigram is a fundamental element of [Formula: see text]-gram in natural language processing. However, unigrams collected from a natural language corpus are unsuitable for solving problems in the domain of computer programming languages. In this paper, we analyze the properties of unigrams collected from an ultra-large source code repository. Specifically, we have collected 1.01 billion unigrams from 0.7 million open source projects hosted at GitHub.com. By analyzing these unigrams, we have discovered statistical properties regarding (1) how developers name variables, methods, and classes, and (2) how developers choose abbreviations. We describe a probabilistic model which relies on these properties for solving a well-known problem in source code analysis: how to expand a given abbreviation to its original indented word. Our empirical study shows that using the unigrams extracted from source code repository outperforms the using of the natural language corpus by 21% when solving the domain specific problems.
New insights into the Parnaíba Basin: results of investments by the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency
Authors: Abelha Marina , Petersohn Eliane , Bastos Gabriel , Araújo Daniel
Published: July 2018

The Parnaíba Basin is a Paleozoic cratonic basin located in NE Brazil. Despite exploration in the Parnaíba Basin having undergone a long period of stagnation, it is now one of the most prolific natural gas producing basins in Brazil. Production from this basin is
c.
5.6 million m
3
day
−1
from three established gas fields, with another four fields in development and eight ongoing discovery assessment plans (in January 2017). This success is the result of activity on exploration concessions, both the investments of the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency (ANP) and concessionaires operating in the basin. ANP's investments were decisive in the definition of the offered areas in the bid rounds and, more importantly, in our understanding of the structural and stratigraphic framework through systematic data acquisition, which helped to define an exploration model for the basin. The Parnaíba Basin received investments of
c.
US $100 million from ANP and the preliminary results from projects located in the SE of the basin suggest the need for a new exploration model for this area, which was probably affected by the Trans Brazilian Lineament. In this model, the petroleum system would include Ordovician–Silurian components.
Smartphone-based Acoustic Indoor Space Mapping
Authors: Pradhan Swadhin , Baig Ghufran , Mao Wenguang , Qiu Lili , Chen Guohai , Yang Bo
Published: July 2018

Constructing a map of indoor space has many important applications, such as indoor navigation, VR/AR, construction, safety, facility management, and network condition prediction. Existing indoor space mapping requires special hardware (e.g., indoor LiDAR equipment) and well-trained operators. In this paper, we develop a smartphone-based indoor space mapping system that lets a regular user quickly map an indoor space by simply walking around while holding a phone in his/her hand. Our system accurately measures the distance to nearby reflectors, estimates the user's trajectory, and pairs different reflectors the user encounters during the walk to automatically construct the contour. Using extensive evaluation, we show our contour construction is accurate: the median errors are 1.5 cm for a single wall and 6 cm for multiple walls (due to longer trajectory and the higher number of walls). We show that our system provides a median error of 30 cm and a 90-percentile error of 1 m, which is significantly better than the state-of-the-art smartphone acoustic mapping system BatMapper [64], whose corresponding errors are 60 cm and 2.5 m respectively, even after multiple walks. We further show that the constructed indoor contour can be used to predict wireless received signal strength (RSS).
PrivacyShield
Authors: Pushp Saumay , Liu Yunxin , Xu Mengwei , Koh Changyoung , Song Junehwa
Published: July 2018

Current in-situ privacy solution approaches are inadequate in protecting sensitive information. They either require extra configuration effort or lack the ability to configure user desired privacy settings. Based on in-depth discussions during a design workshop, we propose PrivacyShield, a mobile system for providing subtle just-in-time privacy provisioning. PrivacyShield leverages the screen I/O device (screen digitizer) of smartphones to recognize gesture commands, even when the phone's screen is turned off. Based on gesture command inputs, various privacy-protection policies can be configured on-the-fly. We develop a novel stroke-based approach to address the challenges in segmenting and recognizing gesture command inputs, which helps the system in achieving good usability and performance. PrivacyShield also provides developers with APIs to enable just-in-time privacy provisioning in their applications. We have implemented an energy efficient PrivacyShield prototype on the Android platform, including smartphones with and without a low-power co-processor. Evaluation results show that our gesture segmentation algorithm is fast enough for real-time performance (introducing less than 200ms processing latency) and accurate (achieving an accuracy of 95% for single-character gestures and 89% for even three-character gestures). We also build a non-touch-screen-based just-in-time privacy provisioning prototype called the wrist gesture method. We compare the performance of the two prototypes by doing a 6-week field study with 12 participants and show why a simplistic solution falls short in providing privacy configurations. We also report the participants' perceptions and reactions after the field study.
Perception of Ghanaian Medical Students of Cadaveric Dissection in a Problem-Based Learning Curriculum
Authors: Alhassan Abass , Majeed Saeed
Published: July 2018

There is a drastic shift in medical curriculum from the traditional medical curriculum where various basic science disciplines are taught separately in the preclinical years to integrated problem-based learning (PBL) in many medical schools across the world. In the integrated PBL, the time for classical anatomy dissection is significantly reduced. There are varying views across the world about the perception of medical students to cadaveric dissection. There is however no research on student’s perception of cadaveric dissection in Ghana. The present study was to assess Ghanaian medical student’s perception of cadaveric dissection under the PBL curriculum and to assess which educational tool students rely on to study anatomy. An anonymous self-administered, Likert-style questionnaire consisting of 24 questions was administered to 132 second- and third-year students after they had completed the dissection schedules for the musculoskeletal system. Participation was voluntary. In all, 89.5% of the students indicated that they had attended all the dissection sessions. The students generally agreed that dissection deepens their understanding of anatomy (87.9%), provides better understanding of clinical skill examination (66.7%), enhances their respect towards the human body (66.6%), provides better understanding of the effect of trauma (69.7%), and makes learning interesting (90.9). However, 57.5% of them agreed or strongly agreed that dissection was stressful. Majority of the students also disagreed that dissection should be eliminated from the curriculum (100%). This study has shown a strong positive perception towards the use of cadaveric dissections in teaching and learning anatomy regardless of the fact that SMHS/UDS uses the integrated PBL curriculum.
Retroperitoneal Paraganglioma-Induced Cardiogenic Shock Rescued by Preoperative Arterial Embolization
Authors: Houari N. , Touzani S. , Salhi H. , Alaoui Lamrani M.-Y. , Ibnmajdoub K. , El Ouahabi H. , El Bouazzaoui A. , Boukatta B. , Maâroufi M. , Maazaz K. , Kanjaa N.
Published: July 2018

Background.Catecholamine-induced cardiogenic shock is a rare manifestation of paragangliomas. The high mortality rate of this condition makes the immediate, multidisciplinary approach mandatory.Case Report.We report a case of an 18-year-old woman with a retroperitoneal secreting paraganglioma, complicated with a cardiogenic shock and an acute adrenergic myocarditis, requiring hemodynamic support and emergency arterial embolization prior to surgical excision, with a favorable outcome.Conclusion.Paraganglioma-induced myocarditis is rare but can be dramatic. Management requires appropriate and immediate hemodynamic support. Embolization may be an alternative to stabilize the patient prior to surgery.
Management of Bilateral Ectopic Pregnancies after Ovulation Induction Using Unilateral Salpingectomy and Methotrexate for the Remaining Ectopic with Subsequent Intrauterine Pregnancy
Authors: Katler Quinton , Pflugner Lindsey , Martinez Anjali
Published: July 2018

Bilateral ectopic pregnancy is a rare phenomenon which is found with increased frequency when using assisted reproductive technology (ART). This diagnosis is most often made incidentally and intraoperatively, as ultrasound and serial β-hCG trends have shown poor efficacy for accurate diagnosis. Management of bilateral ectopic pregnancies is most commonly reported using bilateral surgical removal of the ectopic pregnancy (salpingostomy and/or salpingectomy). We present a case of an ART patient with incidentally found bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancies, where multiple management strategies including medical and surgical techniques were used concurrently which resulted in a subsequent spontaneous intrauterine pregnancy. While the standard of care is difficult to establish, we recommend individualizing management decisions based on the patient’s reproductive goals and overall risk profile.
Thalidomide in Combination with Chemotherapy in Treating Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Chen Chen , Yang Jing , Xu Wei
Published: July 2018

Background: Currently, the treatment decisions in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are difficult and remain controversial. This study aims to evaluate the effect of thalidomide plus chemotherapy on elderly patients with AML. Methods: 70 elderly AML patients (median age 71 years) were enrolled into this prospective study and randomly assigned to either the control arm (PC, n = 35) or the investigational arm (TPC, n = 35). Patients in the PC arm received a non-intensive regimen composed of cytarabine, aclarubicin and G-CSF (CAG) chemotherapy for induction of remission, and patients in the TPC arm received in addition thalidomide at a maximum dose of 200 mg/day. Results: After 2 courses of induction therapy, complete response rate of TPC and PC arms was 54.3% and 57.1%, respectively (p = 0.810). At the last follow-up, the Kaplan-Meier estimate showed that the median overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in patients in the PC arm was inferior to those of patients in the TPC arm. Using a stratified Cox model adjusted for randomized treatment, patients receiving thalidomide plus chemotherapy were shown to derive some survival benefit in both OS and EFS. Overall, the hematological and non-hematological toxicity were similar between the 2 treatment arms. Conclusions: Thalidomide in combination with chemotherapy is an alternative treatment option for elderly patients with AML.
Methodologic Assessment of the Systematic Reviews of Ophthalmic Adverse Drug Reactions Published in Ophthalmology Journals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Penedones Ana , Batel Marques Francisco
Published: July 2018

Purpose: This systematic review aims to characterize and review the methodology of the systematic reviews reporting ophthalmic adverse drug reactions. Methods: This systematic review followed the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guide. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched, by all Ophthalmology journals. All systematic reviews reporting ophthalmic adverse drug reactions in the last decade were included. Data on methodology were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed through A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 scale. Descriptive analysis was performed. Results: Twenty-one systematic reviews were identified. Almost 60% of the systematic reviews reported non-ophthalmic drugs. Nine (43%) systematic reviews did not follow any recommendation. A search filter was not applied in 48% systematic reviews. Observational data was the source of information most included. The methodological quality was assessed in 57% systematic reviews. A meta-analysis was performed in 57% systematic reviews. The protocol’s elaboration, the explanation of the sources of information and the list of excluded articles were the domains less performed in the systematic reviews. Conclusion: The systematic reviews reporting ophthalmic adverse drug reactions diverged in some methodological aspects. Such an issue deserves further investigation, since discrepancies may lead to biased conclusions and, consequently, impact clinical and/or regulatory decisions.
Lefort: o trabalho da obra de pensamento
Authors: Chaui Marilena
Published: July 2018

Um dos elementos fundamentais da leitura lefortiana de Maquiavel é o reconhecimento da distância que separa o maquiavelismo e a obra maquiaveliana. De fato, Lefort indaga de onde vem a imagem do maquiavelismo, que acompanha a leitura da obra maquiaveliana na fieira dos tempos. Para responder e desmantelar essa imagem, o autor interroga o que é o novo buscado por Maquiavel quando este, examinando as cidades italianas, particularmente a Florença do quattrocento e cinquecento, propõe as figuras do príncipe novo e da ordem nova. Essas figuras assinalam o lugar onde nasce a obra maquiaveliana como interrogação sobre a gênese da política a partir da interrogação sobre a experiência do presente político.
Claude Lefort, prática e pensamento da desincorporação
Authors: Bataillon Gilles
Published: July 2018

Como apresentar a obra de Lefort e oferecer uma visão de seu conjunto quando ela se desdobra por mais de meio século e aborda temas e autores aparentemente tão variados? Que fio une os diversos momentos de sua obra? Como ela se construiu? Como a ler hoje? Para além da singularidade e das diferenças dos temas abordados, Lefort pratica ao longo de sua obra um mesmo estilo de pensamento. Seu desejo de tomar posição entre o verdadeiro e o falso, o justo e o injusto, associa-se ao desejo de dar lugar à complexidade e à ambiguidade das obras que interroga.
Pintura, literatura e filosofia segundo Claude Lefort
Authors: Cardim Leandro Neves
Published: July 2018

Este artigo pretende situar a posição de Claude Lefort no antigo e ainda atual debate sobre as relações entre os modos de expressão, particularmente os modos de expressão pela palavra e pela imagem. Defenderemos, após exposição do detalhe do texto do filósofo, que sua posição no debate é política, e que as relações que ele entrevê entre os modos de expressão são democráticas.
Sobre a novidade de Maquiavel: notas sobre a interpretação lefortiana do proêmio dos Discorsi
Authors: Benevenuto Flávia
Published: July 2018

A primeira empreitada assumida por Maquiavel em seus Discorsi é depreender a utilidade das coisas antigas e modernas. Essa via, que constitui parte de seu método, prevê a recorrência aos historiadores antigos e, ao mesmo tempo, à experiência das coisas modernas. As dificuldades dessa estratégia são perceptíveis já no proêmio dessa obra. Trata-se de investigar a complexidade desse método e procurar identificar seus limites a partir da perspectiva de Claude Lefort em Le travail de l’œuvre: Machiavel.
Teoria conflitual da política de Maquiavel: alternativa ao paradoxo moderno da relação entre poder constituinte e poder constituído?
Authors: Ames José Luiz
Published: July 2018

Maquiavel costuma não ser considerado nas reconstruções e debates teóricos acerca do problema da relação entre poder constituinte e poder constituído. Muito embora não seja um filósofo jurídico, buscaremos mostrar que sua teoria conflitual da política oferece uma contribuição singular para este paradoxo moderno ao considerar que a oposição dos humores de grandes e povo abre a possibilidade da coexistência dos momentos instituinte e instituído, isto é, dos momentos factual/político e normativo/jurídico. Nosso propósito será mostrar que, para Maquiavel, o povo exerce um papel “instituinte” do comando político em relação ao poder “instituído” quando se manifesta, seja por assembleias e instituições como a dos Tribunos e da Acusação Pública na Roma republicana, seja pelas formas espontâneas do “barulho e da gritaria” nascidas dos tumultos; contudo, o exercício concreto do “poder instituído” permanece sempre fora da esfera de ação direta do povo.
A “obra” da ideologia e a invenção democrática no pensamento de Claude Lefort
Authors: Schevisbiski Renata S.
Published: July 2018

Uma questão pouco discutida nas interpretações sobre o pensamento de Claude Lefort relativas à invenção democrática diz respeito à “obra” da ideologia na democracia, a qual nos remete ao problema da criação histórica e da busca constante pela anulação do sentido político inerente a esta forma de sociedade, calcada na incerteza, na indeterminação e no conflito como fontes de liberdade política. Este trabalho discute o significado da ideologia como um discurso que visa aplacar e desvitalizar o caráter inventivo da democracia. Para tanto, apresentamos ao leitor a compreensão lefortiana de democracia, entendida no seu caráter ambíguo, uma vez que está sujeita tanto à invenção como à cristalização ideológica, estando, por sua vez, na dependência de um trabalho permanente de interrogação das ideologias por parte do homem democrático.
Claude Lefort e o Humanismo Cívico: os cursos da École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales
Authors: Bignotto Newton
Published: July 2018

O texto aborda o tema do “humanismo cívico florentino” a partir dos cursos que Lefort proferiu na École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales na segunda metade dos anos 70 do século passado. Nosso objetivo é mostrar que esse tema, que havia sido fundamental na elaboração das reflexões do autor sobre Maquiavel nos anos anteriores, foi uma ponte para suas reflexões posteriores sobre questões como a da democracia e do surgimento do Estado Moderno.
Duas vezes Maria Filomena Molder
Authors: Galé Pedro Fernandes
Published: July 2018

Resenha de: Maria Filomena Molder, As nuvens e o vaso sagrado, Lisboa: Relógio D'Água, 2014.Maria Filomena Molder, Dia alegre, dia pensante, dias fatais, Lisboa, Relógio D'Água, 2017.