bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyris bCUBE SARS-CoV-2 rapid molecular saliva testing: a POCT innovation on its way
Authors: Padoan Andrea , Cosma Chiara , Aita Ada , Navaglia Filippo , Basso Daniela , Giannella Gianfranco , Plebani Mario
Published: January 2022

Objectives

The reliable identification of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection is the cornerstone for containing viral spread. Rapid molecular point-of-care testing (POCT) of saliva might reduce analysis time, thus increasing the efficacy of contact tracing. In this study, a new POCT RT-PCR assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva was evaluated and compared with an already validated CE-IVD method.

Methods

An evaluation was made of 160 left-over salivary samples (27 frozen, kept at −80 °C and 133 fresh), collected using Salivette (Sarstedt, Germany). Samples were analyzed by TaqPath COVID-19 CE-IVD RT-PCR kit, QuantStudio5 Real-Time (Applied Biosystems, USA) (TaqPath) and bKIT Virus Finder COVID-19 Saliva (Hyris Global Diagnostics, Italy). Performances of three- and fivefold pooling strategies were also evaluated. Blood assay interference in saliva was also tested with Hyris.

Results

On using TaqPath, SARS-CoV-2 positivity was detected in 35 samples. Another 10 positive samples were artificially-generated by blind mixing of positive with negative samples. Hyris positive and negative percentages of agreement were 97.6 (95% CI: 87.2–99.9%) and 100 (95% CI: 97.0–100%), respectively. Seventeen positive pools, evaluated for threefold strategy, were all correctly determined by both systems. For the 5-pool strategy, 94.7% (18/19) of samples resulted positive with the Hyris system, and 100% with TaqPath. The presence of 1% of blood (v/v) in saliva did not interfere with the accuracy of Hyris assay.

Conclusions

The sensitivity and specificity of the bKIT Virus Finder COVID-19 Saliva were optimal with respect to TaqPath. In view of the safe and straightforward pre-analytical procedure involved, and the small size of the Hyris bCube, the Hyris system can be used for POCT.
Study of solidification and stabilization of heavy metals by passivators in heavy metal-contaminated soil
Authors: Ye Shenglan , Wang Luyao , Liu Tiancheng
Published: January 2022

In this study, the indoor constant temperature culture experiment was used to explore the mutual transformation of different forms of heavy metals. Appropriate types of passivating agents were screened, and the optimal addition amount was determined to realize the solidification and stabilization of heavy metals. The results showed that the dissolved copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) contents of the zeolite-treated soil decreased to the lowest. They were 219, 819, and 40 g/kg, respectively, which were 31.2, 6.5, and 38.5% lower than no passivating agent added (the control); the dissolved Cu, Zn, and Pb content gradually increased with the extension of time; 5% zeolite (Z4) treatment had the highest average content of Cu, Zn, and Pb in the residue state, respectively, 24, 48, and 19 mg/kg; and at the end of the test, the residual Zn content of Z4 treatment reached 50 mg/kg, which was 72.4% higher than that of the control. A comprehensive analysis of the changes in the dissolved state of the four heavy metals in the soil shows that Cu, Zn, cadmium (Cd), and Pb treated with zeolite have the best effect, followed by sepiolite, and finally palygorskite. Therefore, 5% zeolite can be used for the passivation restoration of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the soil.
Conversion of furfuryl alcohol to ethyl levulinate in the presence of mesoporous aluminosilicate catalyst
Authors: Bai Yuli , Liu Yi , Bai Fudong , Sun Qimei , Li Lanpeng , Zhang Tong
Published: January 2022

The one-pot acid-catalyzed the conversion of furfuryl alcohol (FA) to ethyl levulinate (EL) was investigated in the presence of mesoporous aluminosilicate (TUD-1) with a high surface area (up to 579 m2 g−1) and well-interconnected mesospheres synthesized via a solvothermal process and characterized using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, 27Al-NMR, and N2 sorption isotherm. The resulting solid acid catalyst was tested for the alcoholysis of FA with ethanol, affording 87.8% EL yield under the optimal reaction conditions of 120°C and 4 h. Moreover, the catalyst showed a good reusability with less loss of activity after a simple solvent washing and calcination procedure.
The classification of left-invariant para-Kähler structures on simply connected four-dimensional Lie groups
Authors: Mansouri M. W. , Oufkou A.
Published: January 2022

We give a complete classification of left invariant para-Kähler structures on four-dimensional simply connected Lie groups up to an automorphism. As an application we discuss some curvatures properties of the canonical connection associated to these structures as flat, Ricci flat and existence of Ricci solitons.
Reliability analysis ofN-equationsN-unknowns method for the solution of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) problems
Authors: Saydam Talha , Aksoy Serkan
Published: January 2022

Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solution of electromagnetic problems at high-frequency (HF) range is a challenging task. This is due to two requirements of accurate geometrical modeling for small objects/antennas and proper modeling of skin-depth effect. Generally, the fine meshes are used to overcome these problems. However, this leads to a large number of time iterations because of the small unit time step. To decrease the computational time,N-equationsN-unknowns (NE-NU) method is developed for multi-frequency sources. Therefore, utilizing wideband nature of the FDTD method, NE-NU method is valuable. However, the reliability analysis of the NE-NU method has not been investigated in the literature. This study is the first numerical application of the NE-NU method that the reliability analysis of the NE-NU method is performed by using condition number calculation and it is validated by time-domain signals of an illustrative numerical example of a HF radar problem. A successful case and a failing case of the NE-NU method are clearly revealed. The effect of using a double-precision floating-point number and a single-precision floating-point number is also discussed. It is proved that a crucial value of the condition number can be found for the reliable NE-NU results.
Efficient pilot-scale synthesis of the key cefonicid intermediate at room temperature
Authors: Comito Marziale , Monguzzi Riccardo , Tagliapietra Silvia , Palmisano Giovanni , Cravotto Giancarlo
Published: January 2022

Cefonicid is a common second-generation cephalosporin, and the 7-amino-3-[sulphomethyl-1-H-tetrazol-5-yl-thiomethyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate monosodium salt is a key synthetic intermediate in its preparation. Despite the considerable international demand for this antibiotic, its preparation is hampered by low synthetic yield, long reaction time, and time-consuming industrial filtration over charcoal after the purification step. In the context of the industrial production of pharmaceutical intermediates, in which the balance between streamlining and enhancing productivity is necessary in order to compete in the global active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) market, we have investigated an efficient and practical procedure for the synthesis of a key cefonicid intermediate that features a telescopic route whose synthetic steps are all performed at room temperature; from the displacement of the acetoxy group with boron trifluoride to crystallization without treatment with charcoal. In other words, a simpler, scalable, cost-effective and energy-saving protocol is herein reported as a means of moving towards commercial manufacturing. The optimization of the process parameters and the industrial-scale impact assessment should pave the way for industrialization.
Effect of welding consumables on shielded metal arc welded ultra high hard armour steel joints
Authors: Kumar Subramani Naveen , Balasubramanian Visvalingam , Malarvizhi Sudersanan , Rahman Abdur Hafeezur , Balaguru Vadivel
Published: January 2022

Materials with high hardness are usually preferred in armour applications and are difficult to weld due to high Carbon Equivalent (C.E). In this investigation, an attempt was made to weld Ultra-high Hard Armour (UHA) steel (having C.E of 0.91) by Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process using three electrodes (i) austenitic stainless steel (ASS- E307-16), (ii) super duplex stainless steel (SDSS-E2594-16) (iii) low hydrogen ferritic (LHF-E12018M-low-alloy steel electrode). The mechanical properties (tensile, impact toughness, and microhardness) were evaluated and correlated with microstructural features along with Cr
eq
/Ni
eq
ratio of weld metal. The joints fabricated using LHF electrodes showed superior strength of 962 MPa and hardness of 341 HV. The joints made using ASS electrode showed superior impact toughness of 72 J and Notch Strength Ratio (NSR) of 1.32 due to the higher energy absorption capability of the austenitic phase. At the weld interface, joints fabricated using ASS and SDSS electrodes show the unmixed zone (UMZ) and martensitic band (MB) due to sudden change of crystal structure (Face Centred Cubic (FCC) / Body Centred Tetragonal (BCT)). It is also found that the strength property increases (651 MPa to 856 MPa) with an increase in Cr
eq
/Ni
eq
ratio (1.87 to 3.2) of weld metal and with a decrease in ductility.
Perinatal factors associated with admission to neonatal intensive care unit following cesarean delivery in Kano, northern Nigeria
Authors: Usman Fatima , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah I. , Farouk Zubaida L. , Gambo Mahmoud J. , Mohammed Alhassan D. , Mohammed Abdullahi M. , Salihu Hamisu M. , Aliyu Muktar H.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Cesarean section is the most common obstetric surgical procedure, with associated risks for adverse neonatal outcomes. The interplay of perinatal factors associated with neonatal admissions following cesarean delivery remains poorly understood in developing countries. We examined how perinatal and facility-based factors affect Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission after cesarean delivery in northern Nigeria.

Methods

A prospective cohort study involving 200 women undergoing cesarean section were consecutively enrolled with subsequent follow-up of their infants in the post-natal period. Data were abstracted from the medical record using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The primary outcomes were NICU admission and intrauterine or early neonatal deaths. Binary logistic regression modelling was used to identify variables independently associated with the outcomes.

Results

Over the study period (six months), there were 200 cesarean sections. A total of 30 (15.0%) neonates were admitted into the NICU following the procedure. No stillbirths or early neonatal deaths were recorded. NICU admission was associated with gestational age (preterm vs. term [adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 18.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.0–90.4]), birth weight (small vs. appropriate [aOR: 6.7, 95% CI 1.9–22.7] and large vs. appropriate birth weight [aOR: 20.3, 95% CI 2.9–143.7]) and the number of indications for cesarean section (≥2 vs. one [aOR: 0.2, 95% 0.1–0.8]).

Conclusions

Prematurity, small and large for gestational age neonates; and indications for cesarean section were associated with increased likelihood of neonatal admission following cesarean delivery. These findings could inform ongoing quality enhancement initiatives to improve NICU admission outcomes at the study site, and other similar settings.
Nominal and pronominal negative concord, through the lens of Belizean and Jamaican Creole
Authors: van der Auwera Johan
Published: January 2022

The article aims to advance the general understanding of negative concord through a comparative analysis of nominal and pronominal negative concord in Jamaican and Belizean Creole, based on the translations of the New Testament. It supplies a general characterization of Jamaican and Belizean negative concord and then focuses on negative concord with a negator like what corresponds to Englishnotand either a pronoun or a nominal like what corresponds to Englishnobodyorno man, respectively. The paper makes a strong plea for studying nominal negative concord in its own right. It shows how it differs from pronominal negative concord and for both it lays bare a variety of non-concordant patterns. It explains the variation in terms of a number of principles, one of which is what is standardly called the ‘Negative First’ principle, but it is defined in a new way. The article shows that there can be concord with definite negative nominals.
Leptin and PCSK9 concentrations are associated with vascular endothelial cytokines in patients with stable coronary heart disease
Authors: Wang Qiang , Zheng Bo , Chen Peng , Lei Yan
Published: January 2022

Leptin and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) play an important role in regulating blood lipid concentration. Recently, they have been found to show the ability to independently regulate the immune response. Vascular immune response has an important pathological function in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) and thrombosis. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between leptin, PCSK9, and vascular endothelial cell related inflammatory factors. First, detailed clinical information were collected and analyzed for 27 patients with stable CHD and corresponding 27 healthy controls. Second, using liquid-phase protein chip technology, leptin, PCSK9, and vascular-related inflammatory factors, such as E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), were detected on the same platform. Finally, the correlation between leptin, PCSK9, and the inflammatory factors was analyzed. Through collecting clinical information of patients, it was suggested that there was a significant positive correlation between leptin and blood lipid level in CHD. Compared with healthy people, the levels of leptin, PCSK9, E-selectin, and ICAM-1 were significantly high in patients with CHD. There was a high positive correlation between leptin and E-selectin, ICAM-1, IFN-γ, and IL-17. Also, a high positive correlation between PCSK9 and E-selectin, IFN-γ, and IL-17 concentrations was observed. In general, leptin and PCSK9 may not only be able to regulate lipid metabolism, but may also be able to regulate inflammation in CHD.
Die Kultur der Einbildungskraft und der Urteilskraft in einer dürftigen Zeit
Authors: Poulain Jacques
Published: January 2022

Wir stimmen Dietmar Kamper zu, dass die einzigartige Artikulierung der Anthropo-Ethik des Ästhetischen zur Diagnose des heutigen Monströsen im Menschen zentral bleibt. Herders Prophezeiung wird damit vollzogen: „Wir glauben zu sehen, wo wir nur fühlen sollten; wir sehen endlich so viel und so schnell, daß wir nichts mehr fühlen, und fühlen können“. Dies geschieht durch die Übertragung der pragmatischen Epistemologie ins soziale Leben. Das soziale Leben im Zeitalter der totalen Experimentierung der Welt und des Menschen wird zu einem Laboratorium, und ein blinder Konsens wird zur regulierenden Instanz des menschlichen Lebens. Die Berechtigung dieser Diagnose liegt in der Art und Weise, wie die heutige pragmatische Vernunft die Urteilskraft verdrängt. Ihres Erachtens dürfen wir zum einen das, was uns selbst betrifft, nicht als Ich-Person beurteilen, sondern nur im Namen der anderen, und zum anderen darf die Urteilskraft nur durch ein Unterwerfen unter die Ethik und die Rhetorik des Konsenses ersetzt werden. Covid ist eine Folge unseres blinden Hyper-Experimentalisierens der Welt, des Tierreichs und unserer selbst. Wir wissen heute, dass die sprachliche Einbildungskraft in der Tat erklärt, wie die Einbildungskraft das Sehen, die Kunst der Bilder sowie die Erfindung der wissenschaftlichen Hypothesen möglich macht: Sie gibt der visuellen und der wissenschaftlichen Einbildungskraft ihre Dialog- und Reharmonisierungskraft und fördert infolgedessen das Ausüben unserer Urteilskraft, damit sie die Objektivität ihrer Ergebnisse behaupten kann. Im Fall von Covid war es ebenso notwendig, die Urteilskraft zur Erstellung der Diagnose zu ergreifen, wie es stets nötig ist, die Objektivität einer medizinischen Lösung zu beurteilen und zu behaupten.
Fahren auf Sicht
Authors: Zirfas Jörg
Published: January 2022

Der Artikel beschreibt in anthropologischen und kulturwissenschaftlichen Zugängen zu den Begriffen Risiko und Gefahr, Kontingenz und Angst sowie zu ihren Kompensationstechniken wie Prävention, Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung, Versicherung und Risikowissen mit Blick auf die Geschichte wie auf systematische Aspekte die Bedeutung des Risikos für das menschliche Leben. Die größte anthropologische Gefahr bei einem am Risiko orientierten Leben besteht wohl darin, dieses nur unter den Aspekten der Kalkulation zu verstehen. Wenn Wirklichkeit letztlich nichts anderes ist als ein kalkulierbares Risiko, dann gerät die Realität unter das Vorzeichen der Virtualität, zu einem abstrakten Raum von Kontingenzen, den man auch anders beschreiben oder berechnen kann. Der Mensch wird zu einer abstrakten Fiktion, zu einem homo oeconomicus als homo virtualis – der errechnet und kalkuliert werden kann.

„Auf Sicht zu fahren beziehungsweise Sichtfahrbetrieb bedeutet, dass bei der Bewegung eines Fahrzeugs der Fahrzeugführer zumindest anteilig selbst durch Hinsehen feststellt, dass die Fahrt gefahrlos möglich ist.“ Wikipedia
Covid 19: informer n’est pas communiquer
Authors: Wolton Dominique
Published: January 2022

Covid 19 made it clear once again: to inform is not to communicate. To communicate is to live. Three dimensions of communication can be distinguished: sharing, stumbling upon incommunication, the damage of acommunication. Human communication is always more complex and more fragile than technical communication. Information, whatever it is, concerns the message; communication concerns the relationship, therefore the test of the other. The challenge of the sequence otherness-cultural diversity-cultural cohabitation? To manage to make the respect of identities and universality cohabit. Incommunication is not an obstacle to the construction of Europe, on the contrary, it is its condition. This is a paradoxical situation but one that illustrates the paradigm shift in political communication. To cohabit without losing identities. Such is the insane bet that the Europeans have succeeded in making.
Ein Virus als Totem?
Authors: Pietsch-Lindt Ursula
Published: January 2022

In diesem Beitrag geht es um die Betrachtung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus als machtvolles Naturphänomen aus der Sicht einer phylogenetisch überformten Kultur und ihrer Wirksamkeit. Ausgangspunkt dieser Zuwendung ist die These, dass Phänomene des Umgangs mit dem SARS-CoV-2-Virus als Aktivitäten eines affektiven Symbolisierungsprozesses betrachtet werden können, also ähnlich jenen für ein Totem. Der Text sucht nach Spuren dieses Prozesses, registriert Eindrücke und Abdrücke im Kontext des Virus und des Totems. Daraus ergeben sich Annäherungen, Überblendungen, Abweichungen und Differenzen im Hinblick auf den Pandemie-Diskurs. Der Beitrag schraffiert somit Grauzonen, die Bild und Begriff des Totems nicht starr justieren, sondern als Suchbild offenhalten. Veränderungen sollen sich auf diese Weise erkennen lassen und zu einem prozessualen Verständnis von Totem und Pandemie beitragen. Dies wird an zwei Beispielen erläutert. Beispiel (1) fragt nach der Alltagsbezeichnung Corona im Insgesamt des Pandemiegeschehens. Hier wird der Mensch als homo narrator herausgestellt, der nach Sprechweisen sucht, die sein Verhältnis zur Natur (-geschichte) und ihrer Wechselwirkung auf die Kultur (-geschichte) adäquat, d.h. abstrahierend und anschaulich auszudrücken vermögen. In Anerkennung der Grenzen dieses Ansinnens thematisiert Beispiel (2) die Abbildungspraxis mit ihren symbolischen Ausprägungen. Aus den Überschneidungen und Abweichungen mit totemistischen Praktiken werden neue performative Ausprägungen erkennbar.
Zwischen Vertröstung und Trost unterscheiden lernen. Das Affektsignal „Trost“ in der ignatianischen Spiritualität
Authors: Frick Eckhard
Published: January 2022

Kinder lernen das affektive Monitoring, indem sie Disstress-Zeichen aussenden und die feinfühlige Reaktionen der Pflegepersonen wahrnehmen (Aktivierung des Bindungssystems). Das deutsche Wort „Trost“ ist mit dem englischen „Trust“ (Vertrauen) verwandt. Im Leid zu klagen und sich nach Trost zu sehnen, kann Teil der Beziehung zu Gott oder anderen spirituellen Bindungspersonen sein, etwa in Gebeten wie in Johannes Brahms’ „tröste mich wieder mit deiner Hilfe“ (Op. 29,2). In der ignatianischen Spiritualität und insbesondere in den Spirituellen Exerzitien spielen die Aufmerksamkeit für Emotionen („Bewegungen der Seele“) und die individualisierte Wertprüfung eine Schlüsselrolle für die „Unterscheidung der Geister“, d. h. für die Unterscheidung zwischen dem, was Gottes Willen entspricht und dem, was ihm widerspricht. Die unterscheidenden Personen erkennen Vertröstungen (im Unterschied zum Trost). Sie lernen es, mit Zeiten der Trostlosigkeit selbst umzugehen und werden dadurch auch fähig, andere zu begleiten, die unter Trostlosigkeit leiden.
Psychiatric admissions
Authors: Alqahtani Abdullah H
Published: January 2022

The mental health care law in Saudi Arabia was passed in 2014. This article will focus on the articles related to psychiatric admissions both voluntary and involuntary. The mental health care law is similar to the laws in western countries. However, it will be discussed in the paper how these articles and subsections are curtailed to the limited health systems and to the local culture. As the mental health care system and culture evolves, the mental health care law will definitely be modified in the future.
Dual PI3Kδ/γ Inhibitor Duvelisib Prevents Development of Neuropathic Pain in Model of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Adamek Pavel , Heles Mario , Bhattacharyya Anirban , Pontearso Monica , Slepicka Jakub , Palecek Jiri
Published: January 2022

The development of painful paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) represents a major dose-limiting side effect of paclitaxel chemotherapy. Here we report a promising effect of duvelisib (Copiktra), a novel FDA-approved PI3Kδ/γ isoform-specific inhibitor, in preventing paclitaxel-induced pain-like behavior and pronociceptive signaling in DRGs and spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) in rat and mouse model of PIPN. Duvelisib blocked the development of mechanical hyperalgesia in both males and females. Moreover, duvelisib prevented paclitaxel-induced sensitization of TRPV1 receptors, and increased PI3K/Akt signaling in small-diameter DRG neurons and an increase of CD68+cells within DRGs. Specific optogenetic stimulation of inhibitory neurons combined with patch-clamp recording revealed that duvelisib inhibited paclitaxel-induced weakening of inhibitory, mainly glycinergic control on SCDH excitatory neurons. Enhanced excitatory and reduced inhibitory neurotransmission in the SCDH following PIPN was also alleviated by duvelisib application. In summary, duvelisib showed a promising ability to prevent neuropathic pain in PIPN. The potential use of our findings in human medicine may be augmented by the fact that duvelisib is an FDA-approved drug with known side effects.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show that duvelisib, a novel FDA-approved PI3Kδ/γ isoform-specific inhibitor, prevents the development of paclitaxel-induced pain-like behavior in males and females and prevents pronociceptive signaling in DRGs and spinal cord dorsal horn in rat and mouse model of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Liga Kobiet wśród autochtonek na Górnym Śląsku w pierwszych latach PRL
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Bauchrowicz-Tocka Maria
Published: January 2022

In the years 1945–1950, the autochthons in Upper Silesia underwent nationality verification and repolonization. These processes gave rise to distrust of the Polish administration and the Women’s League, which was identified with the new government. The indigenous people did not participate in public and social life. The League’s activists made sporadic attempts to include Silesian women in the work of the organization. The situation changed with the implementation of the six-year plan.
Rodzina w świetle wybranych aktów prawnych z okresu Polski Ludowej
Authors:   Wydział Prawa Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, Dajnowicz-Piesiecka Diana
Published: January 2022

The family was an important component of society in the period of the People’s Republic of Poland because it had its share in meeting the ideological and political needs of the state by providing new builders of socialism. Bearing in mind the importance of the family, both historical and contemporary, this article presents and discusses selected legal acts enacted in the period of the People’s Republic of Poland, which protected the basic social cell, the family. Based on the discussion of the provisions of the Constitution of the People’s Republic of Poland of 1952, the Family Code of 1950, the Family and Guardianship Code of 1969, the Penal Code of 1969 and the Alimony Fund Act of 1974, it is shown to what extent the family remained in the interest of the legislature in the years 1944–1989.
“Twinkle, twinkle, little bat!” Canciones y poemas en Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
Authors: Valeiras Andrea
Published: January 2022

Las piezas poéticas y musicales tienen una gran importancia en Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (Lewis Carroll, 1865). Su papel como sátira social y la forma en la que fueron adaptadas en distintas versiones del texto han sido determinantes en el posicionamiento de la historia de Alice en la cultura popular, llegando a inspirar temas musicales en contextos no relacionados con la obra. Este estudio hace un recorrido por la historia del texto y explica cómo los poemas y canciones que han ido surgiendo a lo largo del tiempo han contado su parte de la historia de Alice, la cual también ha servido de inspiración para piezas musicales.
Deixem as crianças em paz: a censura de livros para crianças com temas LGBTIQ+
Authors: Verdade da Madalena Emanuel
Published: January 2022

No dia 19 de outubro de 2019, Paul Dorr transmitiu em direto no Facebook uma ação de protesto onde queimou quatro livros para crianças com temas LGBTIQ+, que havia requisitado na biblioteca pública de Orange City, no estado de Iowa. Alguns desses livros estão frequentemente presentes nas listas anuais dos dez livros mais censurados nas bibliotecas públicas dos EUA, que incluem quase exclusivamente livros para a infância e juventude, e a maioria contém temas e/ou personagens LGBTIQ+. Assim, este artigo parte de uma análise aos temas e características dos livros mais censurados nos EUA, através das listas compiladas desde 2001 pela American Library Association, para contextualizar a questão da censura aos livros para crianças com temas LGBTIQ+, salientando a forma como se tornaram predominantes nessas listas ao longo dos últimos anos. Partindo da questão clássica do duplo destinatário que influencia de forma indelével o subsistema literário da literatura para a infância (Shavit, 2004), discutem-se as características que, por um lado, mostram a importância da presença destes temas na literatura para a infância (Bartholomaeus e Riggs, 2019; Madalena e Ramos, 2021), mas que, por outro lado, a tornam um campo de batalha ideológico (Stephens, 2018).
Lithuanian Neologisms: the Aspect of Sex Expression
Authors: Murmulaitytė Daiva
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the nouns with the (potential) seme of sex in “The Database of Lithuanian Neologisms“ in terms of their origin, word formation, semantics and usage. The majority of names of animated beings (people, animals as well as phantasy creatures, personified phenomena, etc.) are motion nouns (substantiva mobilia), while the others are of masculine, feminine or neutral gender.

New coinages (separate, occasional as well as usual ones) show that more means of naming objects according to their sex differences are used in modern Lithuanian language compared to the ones provided for in Lithuanian language grammars or descriptors of word formation, which were written long time ago. Moreover, usual derivational affixes expand their semantics. For example, the suffix -inas is used not only in new coinages to name males (beždžioninas ‘a monkey male’, žirafinas ‘a giraffe male’), but also to coin names for certain men (barakudinas ‘a predatory man, who seeks profit from rich women’ ← barakuda ‘a young, determined and selfish woman, seducing stranger rich men’, žvaigždinas ‘a star – celebrity of masculine gender’ ← žvaigždė ‘a famous woman, celebrity’). The inflection -ė is broadly used not only for new names of female animals, but also to name women (krivė ‘a female priest in the Baltic religion’, šviesulė ‘a famous (usually in the entertainment world) woman’, urėdė ‘a woman in the position of forest manager’, etc.).

Changing social relations as well as changing attitudes towards non-heterosexual persons, the same-sex marriages, louder-sounding ideas of feminism, levelling of female and male occupations, activities and hobbies, etc., call for coinages that are needed to name new realities. And sometimes it is necessary not to find a name for a new reality, but to emphasise or, less frequently, to level the gender of already named reality. For this reason, such new words were coined: tėvė ‘according to the ideology of genderism – one of the members of family growing children (regardless of gender)’, kareivė ‘a woman performing military conscription’, kavalierė ‘a woman, who was awarded the order’; slaugas ‘a male nurse’, sesutis ‘a man working as a nurse’, auklius ‘a man working as a nanny’, mūzas ‘a masculine form of the noun mūza (a goddess, a female inspirer of poetic creation’; žmoga ‘a feminist name for a woman or a person detached from the gender’, and others. Some of them naturally became part of the standard Lithuanian, other words remained occasional.

The article raises the question whether/how dictionaries should present potential (i.e., foreseen by the system, but practically not attested) words (forms).

On the basis of examples of new motion nouns (new coinages), there emerge considerations how to perceive nouns, which have the same lexical stem and paradigms of two (male and female) genders – as separate words or different forms of the same words? The answer to this question may define how substantiva mobilia could/should be presented in the dictionaries in a more systematic way.
Взаємодія ДНК з наночастинками срібла
Authors: Глибицький Г.М. , Джелалі В.В. , Семенов М.О. , Рошаль О.Д. , Глибицький Д.М. , Волянський О.Ю. , Зегря Г.Г.
Published: January 2022

Проведено дослідження дегідратаційної самоорганізації ДНК з іонами Na+, Ag+ і наночастинками срібла. Показано, що характер формування дендритних текстур (розмір площі, що займає на поверхні плівки) визначається конформаційним станом ДНК.
Glucose Oxidase Immobilization onto Carbon Nanotube Networking
Authors: Karachevtsev V.A. , Glamazda A.Yu. , Zarudnev E.C. , Karachevtsev M.V. , Leontiev V.S. , Linnik A.S. , Lytvyn O.S. , Plokhotnichenko A.M. , Stepanian S.G.
Published: January 2022

When elaborating the biosensor based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), it is necessary to solve such an important problem as the immobilization of a target biomolecule on the nanotube surface. In this work, the enzyme (glucose oxidase (GOX)) was immobilized on the surface of a nanotube network, which was created by the deposition of nanotubes from their solution in 1,2-dichlorobenzene by the spray method. 1-Pyrenebutanoic acid succinimide ester (PSE) was used to form the molecular interface, the bifunctional molecule of which provides the covalent binding with the enzyme shell, and its other part (pyrene) is adsorbed onto the nanotube surface. First, the usage of such a molecular interface leaves out the direct adsorption of the enzyme (in this case, its activity decreases) onto the nanotube surface, and, second, it ensures the enzyme localization near the nanotube. The comparison of the resonance Raman (RR) spectrum of pristine nanotubes with their spectrum in the PSE environment evidences the creation of a nanohybrid formed by an SWNT with a PSE molecule which provides the further enzyme immobilization. As the RR spectrum of an SWNT:PSE:GOX film does not essentially differ from that of SWNT:PSE ones, this indicates that the molecular interface (PSE) isolates the enzyme from nanotubes strongly enough. The efficient immobilization of GOX along the carbon nanotubes due to PSE is confirmed with atom-force microscopy images. The method of molecular dynamics allowed us to establish the structures of SWNT:PSE:GOX created in the aqueous environment and to determine the interaction energy between hybridcomponents. In addition, the conductivity of the SWNT network with adsorbed PSE and GOX molecules is studied. The adsorption of PSE molecules onto the SWNT network causes a decrease of the conductivity, which can be explained by the appearance of scattering centers for charge carriers on the nanotube surface, which are created by PSE molecules.
Carriers Spectra of Functionalized Semiconducting Nanowire and Conformational Transition in Molecules
Authors: Lykakh V.A. , Syrkin E.S.
Published: January 2022

The tuning of the spectrum of semiconducting nanowires as a result of the functionalization by a layer of molecules with a conformational transition is investigated. The situation where the electric charge carrier induces the conformational transition with a change of the orientation of the intrinsic electric dipole moments of molecules is expected. The spectrum of a carrier and the parameters of the arising quantum well are determined by the derived self-consistent system of transcendent equations. The system includes the Schrödinger equation for a charge carrier, nonlinear equations for the intrinsic electric-dipole moments, the material equations de4scribing the interaction of an extra carrier in the nanowire and molecular electric dipoles. In a semiconductor nanowire, the hole and electron spectra are symmetric. It is shown that the layer of adsorbed molecules breaks this symmetry when themolecular dipoles create the conditions for a localization of carriers of only one kind, which depends on the charge sign and the orientation of dipoles. The functionalized nanowires can be used as a semiconductor rectifier.
Molecular Structure and Interactions of Nucleic Acid Components in Nanoparticles: Ab Initio Calculations
Authors: Rubin Yu.V. , Belous L.F.
Published: January 2022

Self-associates of nucleic acid components (stacking trimers and tetramers of the base pairs of nucleic acids) and short fragments of nucleic acids are nanoparticles (linear sizes of these particles are more than 10 Å). Modern quantum-mechanical methods and softwares allow one to perform ab initio calculations of the systems consisting of 150–200 atoms with enough large basis sets (for example, 6-31G*). The aim of this work is to reveal the peculiarities of molecular and electronic structures, as well as the energy features of nanoparticles of nucleic acid components.
We had carried out ab initio calculations of the molecular structure and interactions in the stacking dimer, trimer, and tetramer of nucleic base pairs and in the stacking (TpG)(ApC) dimer and (TpGpC) (ApCpG) trimer of nucleotides, which are small DNA fragments.
The performed calculations of molecular structures of dimers and trimers of nucleotide pairs showed that the interplanar distance in the structures studied is equal to 3.2 Å on average, and the helical angle in a trimer is approximately equal to 30º. The distance between phosphor atoms in neighboring chains is 13.1 Å. For dimers and trimers under study, we calculated the horizontal interaction energies.
The analysis of interplanar distances and angles between nucleic bases and their pairs in the calculated short oligomers of nucleic acid base pairs (stacking dimer, trimer, and tetramer) has been carried out. Studies of interactions in the calculated short oligomers showed a considerable role of the cross interaction in the stabilization of the structures. The contribution of cross interactions to the horizontal interactions grows with the length of an oligomer. Nanoparticle components get electric charges in nanoparticles. Longwave low-intensity bands can appear in the electron spectra of nanoparticles.
Indirect Evidences of Conformational Regulation in Protein Reactions: How Much Can Be Learnt?
Authors: Christophorov L.N.
Published: January 2022

Almost all reactions of proteins manifest deviations from the simple behaviour prescribed by standard (bio)chemical kinetics. This is caused by the extraordinary structural lability of protein macromolecules which is often not less important for the reaction efficiency than the properties of the active center. Unveiling the mechanisms of structural regulation encounters serious difficulties because of their hidden character, as either modern experiments or computational methods still fall short of monitoring simultaneously the reaction events and concomitant conformational changes, so that one has to decipher the reaction kinetics only. Nevertheless, it is possible to come to reliable conclusions on the mode of operation of proteins and the character of their structural relaxation with the help of a convenient and computationally accessible approach expounded in the present paper.
МОВНІ ІГРИ ЯК КОНТЕКСТ МЕТАФІЗИКИ
Authors: Pavlenko Igor Vasilievich
Published: January 2022

Розглядаються основні аспекти використання мови в сучасній філософії, яка сама є набором специфічних мовних ігор, що відбуваються за певними правилами. Вказано, що мовні ігри в філософії, використання слів з нечітко визначеним сенсом, застосування метафор і тропів, є не стільки недоліком метафізичного дискурсу, як вважають представники аналітичної філософії, а необхідністю, оскільки більш-менш повне відображення антропологічної і екзистенціальної проблематики вимагає саме таких лінгвістичних форм. Внутрішня картина свідомості людини не є чітко спланованою будовою, або планом, на якому відображаються всі ментальні компоненти, скоріше це сутінкова зона із невизначеною топологією, яка до того ж дуже рухлива. В той час, коли досліднику вдається вхопити щось постійне і чітке у внутрішньому світі людини, картина починає змінюватися, об’єкт трансформується до невпізнаваності, що робить недоречною будь-яку класичну наукову методологію. Теж саме можна сказати про філософські дослідження мови, культури, релігії, які постіно уникають чітких визначень і локалізації. Саме тому мова метафізики є відносно оптимальною для дослідження цих складних утворень і завдання полягає не в тому, щоб спростити і деметафорізувати мову філософії, а навпаки, в її подальшому розвитку і ускладненні.
СОЦІАЛЬНИЙ ЕКСКУРС КАР’ЄРНИХ ВПОДОБАНЬ УКРАЇНЦІВ
Authors: Kuzmin Victor , Stadnyk Alona
Published: January 2022

В рамках дослідження був розглянутий екскурс кар’єрних вподобань українців. Дослідження кар’єрних вподобань, освітніх траєкторій та професійних компетентностей українців здійснювалося за допомоги змішаної методології, яка включала застосування методів аналізу документів та контент-аналізу документів. Зазначені методи є загальнонауковими та навіть класичними і їх використання було продиктованим метою дослідження. Кар’єрні вподобання українців в рамках української науки є майже не дослідженими так як поняття кар’єрних вподобань не ставало об’єктом наукових досліджень. В рамках дослідження були виявлені особливості формування та реалізації кар’єрних вподобань українців в різні епохи та в рамках різних держав в які входили українські землі. В подальшому кар’єрні вподобання українців стали відповідати загальним тенденціям кар’єризму, які панували в світі. Цьому сприяла монотипізація кар’єрних вподобань глобальної економіки.
ПОЛІТИЧНИЙ ПЕРФОМАНС У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЇ ПОЛІТИЧНИХ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВ
Authors: Ivanova-Bykanova Victoria Yevgenivna
Published: January 2022

Стаття присвячена політичному перфомансу, який стає політичною технологією, що збільшує імовірність зміни політичної поведінки в умовах нерівномірності ресурсного забезпечення політичних акторів. Мета дослідження – встановлення потенціалу політичного перформансу як чинника репрезентації альтернативних політичних позицій. Охарактеризовано політичні альтернативи як ознаку опозиційності до перехідного політичного режиму. Було підкреслено, що ідейний зміст альтернативної політичної позиції має бути досить вагомим та креативним. Проаналізовано причини та механізми за якими політична альтернатива може отримати значний розголос за короткий період часу. У світлі подій, що відбуваються, особливої важливості набуває політика політичного перфомансу. З’ясовано, що основною метою ситуативного політичного перформансу є надання оцінки подіям та висловлюванням політичної лінії або політичному курсу. Розкрито особливості «носіїв» політичної альтернативи, які повинні використовувати політичний момент, експлуатувати ситуацію суспільної уваги до певного аспекту медійної дійсності. Доведено, що як альтернативний засіб політичної комунікації (альтернативної по відношенню до офіційних або контрольованих ЗМІ, соціальних мереж тощо) політичний перфоманс повинен бути критично налаштований або висвітлювати конфліктогенні частини соціально-політичної дійсності. Встановлено, що максимальною метою політичного перфомансу як засобу просування політичної інформації має бути створення стійких переконань та зміна поведінки громадянина. Припущено, що індивідуальні мотиви перфомансної політико-комунікаційної поведінки є визначальними для обрання цього способу політичної дії. Встановлено, що вихідною умовою представництва політичних альтернатив на основі політичного перфомансу є стан політичної публічної сфери. Зроблено висновок, що політичний перформанс як нестандартна політична дія вибуховим чином змінює медійний порядок денний та протистоїть повідомленням офіційного дискурсу.
КОНЦЕПТ НЕЛІНІЙНОГО ФЕНОМЕНУ ПОСЕРЕДНИЦТВА В ДИПЛОМАТИЧНІЙ ТРАДИЦІЇ: ДИПЛОМАТИКА ДИПЛОМАТИЧНИХ АРХІВІВ
Authors: Kostyrya Inna Oleksandrivna
Published: January 2022

В статті аналізуються витоки сучасних принципів посередництва в переговорах, практики підписання договорів, механізмів дипломатії впливу. Використання методології із парадигми дипломатики в дослідженні процесу надходження, форми, змісту, функціонування, історії створення документів обумовлено зверненням до класичних дипломатичних архівів та використання історико-логічної, системної, порівняльної методології для прояснення динаміки становлення посередництва. Встановлено, що нелінійний феномен посередництва із теоретичної рефлексії суфійських філософів Аль Газалі, Ібн Арабі согдійської дипломатичної практики є загальноцивілізаційним надбанням і широко вживалося ще у часи дипломатії фараонів, фінікійських міст, рицарських походів і були узагальнені в «геометричній» дипломатії Лейбніца та Кауніца.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF BASKETBALL IN THE SYSTEM OF BULGARIAN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
Authors: Dimitrova A. , Dimitrov V.
Published: January 2022

The scientific report deals with problems in the Bulgarian university education system and development opportunities at the regional level. The purpose of the research is to reveal some aspects related to the basic forms of physical exercise classes of students and organized independent classes in extra-curricular basketball time in the system of Bulgarian university education. Opportunities offered for integration and employment subsequently. In order to solve the main tasks, achieve the goal and prove the hypotheses, a complex methodology of literature research, observation and discussions are included. A questionnaire was specially designed and developed. The subject of this study is students from three universities in Bulgaria. On the basis of a thorough analysis of qualitative and quantitative data related to the educational process and basketball meetings between different universities, the attitude to the educational process is analysed, various aspects of the activities are analysed and practical measures for improving the preparation of students are outlined. Conclusion: Knowledge and creative mastery of knowledge in this field of science and their application in practice changes in a positive direction the physical development and capacity, and as a result, the health status and academic and working performance of students.
IMPACT OF SKI RUNNING AND SKI ORIENTATION ON THE ENVIROMENT
Authors: Doytchev B.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the existence of environmental problems in ski sports. They must not disturb its environmental sustainability and be realized under optimal conditions of the environment.
The results obtained unequivocally reveal weaknesses in organizing and conducting winter sports events. Optimization suggestions have been formulated which could help organizers and contestants.
Conclusion: The combined efforts of various institutions are needed to increase the popularity and awareness of these sports, which need to be realized under optimum environmental conditions and not to disturb its environmental sustainability. This necessitates an up-to-date environmental policy and education aimed at future development in this direction.
ADAPTED EUROFIT TESTS: REPRESENTATION OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT AGE CHILDREN GROUPS AT ST. KLIMENT OHRIDSKI PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOL –
EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH
Authors: Peeva D. , Georgiev A.
Published: January 2022

The proposed study presents an adapted Eurofit test of explosive strength. It is used to monitor the development of speed in children groups distributed by age. The increase of the indicated quality has been established as a result of the test application during two school years. Reciprocity between age and achievement has been revealed.
DISCLOSURE OF THE FACTORY STRUCTURE OF STUDENTS BASKETBALL TECHNICAL TRAINING
Authors: Peltekova I.
Published: January 2022

This report is provoked by the concrete work with students from Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski "in Physical Education and Sports. The study contingent is 147 students (men and women) who are future teachers of physical education and sports. The report is based on the results of sports-pedagogical testing conducted on terrain. To determine the factor structure of the students' technical preparation, an individual measurement of their basketball skills was made, which included: dribbling, catching and passing, three shooting tests - under the basket, on the move, from five positions and basketball defensive movement.
The purpose of the study is to reveal the factor structure of the individual's technical preparation in basketball for students-future sports-pedagogical specialists.
The following methods were used to achieve the goal: literature analysis, sports testing, pedagogical experiment. The results of the study are subjected to mathematical and statistical processing by factor analysis.
The analysis of the results shows that the factor structure of the future technical training in basketball of the future teachers of physical education and sports is determined by two main factors.
POPULATION AWARENESS OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF LACK OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Tzankova-Kaloyanova M.
Published: January 2022

The era of high information and communication technologies drastically changes the lifes of Bulgarians too. Physical activity is an essential ingredient of a healthy lifestyle. Physical activities, including regular sports training and exercise, are among the most effective ways to stay in good physical and mental shape, fight overweight and obesity, and prevent their related health conditions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the level of public awareness about the health consequences due to lack of physical activity. As a result, the author has the ambition to offer ways, means and methods for prevention of socially significant diseases and their occurrences on the one hand, and on the other – to prove that by increasing physical activity, Bulgarians will improve the quality of their lives.
The text uses data from an online survey for Bulgaria, covering respondents in the active workforce age group 18-65 years. The respondents are 802 work-capable people, the survey was held in the period September-October 2019.