bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How do activating interventions fit the personal needs, characteristics and preferences of people with dementia living in the community and their informal caregivers?
Authors: Van’t Leven Netta , de Lange Jacomine , Prick Anna-Eva , Pot Anne Margriet
Published: August 2016

Psychosocial interventions aim to mitigate the serious consequences of dementia for the daily life of people with dementia and their informal caregivers. To deliver a person-centred approach, it is crucial to take needs, characteristics and preferences of people with dementia and their informal caregivers into account. However, these factors are generally not systematically checked in order to determine which intervention will be most appropriate. Additionally, little is known about which intervention suits which needs, characteristics and preferences. Therefore, this study examined how three multiple-component, activating dyadic interventions fitted needs, characteristics, and preferences of both the people with dementia and their informal caregivers: the Pleasant Events Program, the Exercise and Support Intervention for People with Dementia and Their Caregivers, and Occupational Therapy. Semi-structured interviews were held with participants in either one of the interventions, 34 dyads and 19 professionals. The constant comparative method was used for the analysis. Five factors influenced the dyad’s ‘fit’: timing, need for activity, lifestyle, apart-or-together and meaning of (lost) activity. The factors ‘timing’ and a ‘need for activity’ were conditional for these activating interventions. Dyads in an early stage of dementia, who were aware of the effects on daily life, were open to a change in routine, and had a need to maintain activities profited from these interventions. Three distinctive factors were important for the fit of one of the three interventions in particular: ‘lifestyle’, ‘apart or together’ and ‘meaning of (lost) activity’. The Pleasant Events Programme and the Exercise and Support intervention properly addressed the need for activities that afforded daily pastimes or structure. The Exercise and Support Intervention addressed the need for physical activity and emphasized shared activity. Occupational Therapy properly addressed the need for self-sufficiency, maintaining activities and adjustment to physical limitations. These factors can contribute to a more person-centred application of the interventions.
Generating two-dimensional schematic diagrams of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems from three-dimensional building information models
Authors: Matsubayashi Michio , Watanabe Shun
Published: August 2016

In this article, we propose a method of generating two-dimensional schematic diagrams from three-dimensional models of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems on computer-aided design software to represent this information in a more traditional, user-friendly format. It can be difficult to grasp the relationships between various mechanical, electrical, and plumbing elements in building information models because they are represented in a visually complex, three-dimensional manner. On the other hand, the relationships between building elements can be easily understood when using traditional schematic diagrams. First, the network of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and a section view are extracted separately from three-dimensional models. Next, these extracted files are displayed as schematic diagrams on computer-aided design software. The expressions of traditional drawings were referenced to generate new diagrams. After schematic diagrams were created, they were evaluated by staff members in the facilities department of a university in Japan.
Living with asthma and chronic obstructive airways disease: Using technology to support self-management – An overview
Authors: Morrison Deborah , Mair Frances S , Yardley Lucy , Kirby Sarah , Thomas Mike
Published: August 2016

Long-term respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common, and cause high levels of morbidity and mortality. Supporting self-management is advocated for both asthma and increasingly so for COPD, and there is growing interest in the potential role of a range of new technologies, such as smartphone apps, the web or telehealth to facilitate and promote self-management in these conditions. Treatment goals for both asthma and COPD include aiming to control symptoms, maintain activities, achieve the best possible quality of life and minimize risks of exacerbation. To do this, health professionals should be (a) helping patients to recognize deteriorating symptoms and act appropriately; (b) promoting adherence to maintenance therapy; (c) promoting a regular review where triggers can be established, and strategies for managing such triggers discussed; and (d) promoting healthy lifestyles and positive self-management of symptoms. In particular, low uptake of asthma action plans is a modifiable contributor to morbidity and possibly also to mortality in those with asthma and should be addressed as a priority. Using technology to support self-management is an evolving strategy that shows promise. This review provides an overview of self-management support and discusses how newer technologies may help patients and health professionals to meet key treatment goals.
Guns as a Symbol of (Fill-in-the-Blank)
Authors: Johnson John M.
Published: August 2016

Guns are symbolic of many things in America, but a critical assessment of these semiotic narratives shows them to be seriously limited in understanding the nature of gun violence in the United States, which has killed 30,000 per year on average for over two decades, 75 times more than all military fatalities in America’s “longest war” (in Afghanistan). An additional 70,000 people on average are wounded per year, again for over two decades. Gun violence has been misinterpreted by mass media and many other sources; it should be redefined as the major public health problem it is. Gun violence should be distinguished from the Second Amendment and “gun rights.” Politicians and partisans connect these issues for their own purposes, but they are distinct. Future constructive efforts should consciously disconnect these two issues.
Risk Factors Associated With Symptomatic Radiation Pneumonitis After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shi Shiming , Zeng Zhaochong , Ye Luxi , Huang Yan , He Jian
Published: August 2016

Radiation pneumonitis is the most frequent acute pulmonary toxicity following stereotactic body radiation therapy for lung cancer. Here, we investigate clinical and dosimetric factors associated with symptomatic radiation pneumonitis in patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy. A total of 67 patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer who received stereotactic body radiation therapy at our institution were enrolled, and their clinicopathological parameters and dosimetric parameters were recorded and analyzed. The median follow-up period was 26.4 months (range: 7-48 months). In univariate analysis, tumor size ( P = .041), mean lung dose ( P = .028), V2.5 ( P = .024), V5 ( P = .014), V10 ( P = .004), V20 ( P = .024), V30 ( P = .020), V40 ( P = .040), and V50 ( P = 0.040) were associated with symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, V10 ( P = .049) was significantly associated with symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. In conclusion, this study found that tumor size, mean lung dose, and V2.5 to V50 were risk factors markedly associated with symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. Our data suggested that lung V10 was the most significant factor, and optimizing lung V10 may reduce the risk of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. For both central and peripheral stage I lung cancer, rate of radiation pneumonitis ≥grade 2 was low after stereotactic body radiation therapy with appropriate fraction dose.
Original Research: Effect of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile in duck liver: Efficient conversion of short-chain to long-chain omega-3 fatty acids
Authors: Chen Xi , Du Xue , Shen Jianliang , Lu Lizhi , Wang Weiqun
Published: August 2016

Omega-3 fatty acids, especially long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, have been associated with potential health benefits for chronic disease prevention. Our previous studies found that dietary omega-3 fatty acids could accumulate in the meat and eggs in a duck model. This study was to reveal the effects of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile and conversion of omega-3 fatty acids in duck liver. Female Shan Partridge Ducks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each consisting of 6 replicates of 30 birds. The experimental diets substituted the basal diet by 2% of flaxseed oil, rapeseed oil, beef tallow, or fish oil, respectively. In addition, a dose response study was further conducted for flaxseed and fish oil diets at 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively. At the end of the five-week treatment, fatty acids were extracted from the liver samples and analyzed by GC-FID. As expected, the total omega-3 fatty acids and the ratio of total omega-3/omega-6 significantly increased in both flaxseed and fish oil groups when compared with the control diet. No significant change of total saturated fatty acids or omega-3 fatty acids was found in both rapeseed and beef tallow groups. The dose response study further indicated that 59–81% of the short-chain omega-3 ALA in flaxseed oil-fed group was efficiently converted to long-chain DHA in the duck liver, whereas 1% of dietary flaxseed oil could produce an equivalent level of DHA as 0.5% of dietary fish oil. The more omega-3 fatty acids, the less omega-6 fatty acids in the duck liver. Taken together, this study showed the fatty acid profiling in the duck liver after various dietary fat consumption, provided insight into a dose response change of omega-3 fatty acids, indicated an efficient conversion of short- to long-chain omega-3 fatty acid, and suggested alternative long-chain omega-3 fatty acid-enriched duck products for human health benefits.
“We’re Doing It Ourselves”
Authors: Osman Suleiman
Published: August 2016

While the privatization of parks has been controversial since the 1980s, the origins of public–private parks in New York City were complex. During the 1970s fiscal crisis, the Parks and Recreation Department suffered severe budget cuts and was forced to reduce services drastically. Faced with parks that were falling apart, thousands of volunteers in block associations and community groups began to maintain parks on their own. They pioneered radical forms of “do-it-yourself” urbanism with guerrilla horticulture, community gardens, children-fashioned adventure playgrounds, tree-planting drives, makeshift ambulances, and volunteer patrols. By the early 1980s, these “self-help” efforts coalesced into new public–private parks. The history of public–private parks is thus one of privatizations in the plural and points to an array of antistatist impulses that emerged on both the left and right in the 1970s.
Predicting Motor Sequence Learning in Individuals With Chronic Stroke
Authors: Wadden Katie P. , Asis Kristopher De , Mang Cameron S. , Neva Jason L. , Peters Sue , Lakhani Bimal , Boyd Lara A.
Published: August 2016

Background. Conventionally, change in motor performance is quantified with discrete measures of behavior taken pre- and postpractice. As a high degree of movement variability exists in motor performance after stroke, pre- and posttesting of motor skill may lack sensitivity to predict potential for motor recovery. Objective. Evaluate the use of predictive models of motor learning based on individual performance curves and clinical characteristics of motor function in individuals with stroke. Methods. Ten healthy and fourteen individuals with chronic stroke performed a continuous joystick-based tracking task over 6 days, and at a 24-hour delayed retention test, to assess implicit motor sequence learning. Results. Individuals with chronic stroke demonstrated significantly slower rates of improvements in implicit sequence-specific motor performance compared with a healthy control (HC) group when root mean squared error performance data were fit to an exponential function. The HC group showed a positive relationship between a faster rate of change in implicit sequence-specific motor performance during practice and superior performance at the delayed retention test. The same relationship was shown for individuals with stroke only after accounting for overall motor function by including Wolf Motor Function Test rate in our model. Conclusion. Nonlinear information extracted from multiple time points across practice, specifically the rate of motor skill acquisition during practice, relates strongly with changes in motor behavior at the retention test following practice and could be used to predict optimal doses of practice on an individual basis.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease Correlate With Electroencephalography Parameters Assessed by Exact Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA)
Authors: Hata Masahiro , Tanaka Toshihisa , Kazui Hiroaki , Ishii Ryouhei , Canuet Leonides , Pascual-Marqui Roberto D. , Aoki Yasunori , Ikeda Shunichiro , Sato Shunsuke , Suzuki Yukiko , Kanemoto Hideki , Yoshiyama Kenji , Iwase Masao
Published: August 2016

Recently, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have garnered a lot of clinical attention. To explore neurophysiological traits of AD and parameters for its clinical diagnosis, we examined the association between CSF biomarkers and electroencephalography (EEG) parameters in 14 probable AD patients. Using exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA), artifact-free 40-sesond EEG data were estimated with current source density (CSD) and lagged phase synchronization (LPS) as the EEG parameters. Correlations between CSF biomarkers and the EEG parameters were assessed. Patients with AD showed significant negative correlation between CSF beta-amyloid (Aβ)-42 concentration and the logarithms of CSD over the right temporal area in the theta band. Total tau concentration was negatively correlated with the LPS between the left frontal eye field and the right auditory area in the alpha-2 band in patients with AD. Our study results suggest that AD biomarkers, in particular CSF Aβ42 and total tau concentrations are associated with the EEG parameters CSD and LPS, respectively. Our results could yield more insights into the complicated pathology of AD.
Abnormal Somatosensory Synchronization in Patients With Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia: A Magnetoencephalographic Study
Authors: Hsiao Fu-Jung , Hsu Wan-Yu , Chen Wei-Ta , Chen Rou-Shayn , Lin Yung-Yang
Published: August 2016

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare group of hyperkinetic movement disorders characterized by brief attacks of choreoathetosis or dystonia. To clarify the alterations of the functional connectivity within the somatosensory network in PKD patients, magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses to paired median-nerve electrical stimulation were recorded in 10 PKD patients treated by carbamazepine or oxcarbamazepine and 22 age-matched controls. In patients, MEG recordings were obtained during drug-on and -off periods. Source-based functional connectivity analysis was performed between contralateral primary (cSI) and secondary (cSII), and ipsilateral secondary (iSII) somatosensory areas. During drug-off periods, patients with PKD demonstrated decreased cSI-iSII and increased cSII-iSII somatosensory connectivity at theta band. Drug-on periods lowered the functional connectivity in cSI-cSII at alpha and beta bands and in cSII-iSII at theta band compared with the drug-off periods. We suggest that altered theta functional connectivity in cSI-iSII and cSII-iSII could be the neurophysiological signatures in PKD.
Early angiographic changes of intra-aneurysmal flow after flow-diverter stent treatment are not predictive of therapeutic success
Authors: Labeyrie Paul-Emile , Gory Benjamin , Sadeh-Gonike Udi , Huguet Nazyed , Sivan-Hoffmann Rotem , Riva Roberto , Courthéoux Patrick , Turjman Francis
Published: August 2016

Background and purpose

Flow-diverter stents (FDS) are new devices for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) promoting progressive aneurysmal thrombosis. To date, the delay of aneurysmal exclusion remains unclear. We evaluated the correlation between angiographic changes in the first 24 hours and 12-month occlusion in aneurysms treated with FDS.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the intra-aneurysmal flow by evaluating the in-flow and out-flow delays on preoperative, immediate postoperative, 24-hour and 12-month follow-up angiography. Dichotomy of in-flow and out-flow within the aneurysm was considered as the time of contrast filling and time of contrast washing relatively to the parent artery. The delay times were compared and correlated with the therapeutic success of FDS at 12 months of follow-up.

Results

Out of 14 treated IAs, in 13 consecutive patients, n = 10 (71%) aneurysms showed complete occlusion at 12 months. Between immediate postoperative and 24-hour control, 10 aneurysms (71%) demonstrated in-flow modification, with eight increasing, two decreasing and four having no change. There were no statistical differences in therapeutic success in relation to the different flow-related profiles of intra-aneurysmal flux. Out-flow modifications were found in 11 aneurysms (79%) between immediate postoperative and 24-hour control, with five increasing, six decreasing and three having no change. Similar to the in-flow changes, there were no statistical differences in therapeutic success relative to the flow-related profiles.

Conclusions

Early angiographic changes after FDS placement are very frequent, but are not correlated with the 12-month technical success of flow-diversion techniques.
Optimizing radio frequency identification network planning through ring probabilistic logic neurons
Authors: Azizi Aydin , Vatankhah Barenji Ali , Hashmipour Majid
Published: August 2016

Radio frequency identification is a developing technology that has recently been adopted in industrial applications for identification and tracking operations. The radio frequency identification network planning problem deals with many criteria like number and positions of the deployed antennas in the networks, transmitted power of antennas, and coverage of network. All these criteria must satisfy a set of objectives, such as load balance, economic efficiency, and interference, in order to obtain accurate and reliable network planning. Achieving the best solution for radio frequency identification network planning has been an area of great interest for many scientists. This article introduces the Ring Probabilistic Logic Neuron as a time-efficient and accurate algorithm to deal with the radio frequency identification network planning problem. To achieve the best results, redundant antenna elimination algorithm is used in addition to the proposed optimization techniques. The aim of proposed algorithm is to solve the radio frequency identification network planning problem and to design a cost-effective radio frequency identification network by minimizing the number of embedded radio frequency identification antennas in the network, minimizing collision of antennas, and maximizing coverage area of the objects. The proposed solution is compared with the evolutionary algorithms, namely genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization. The simulation results show that the Ring Probabilistic Logic Neuron algorithm obtains a far more superior solution for radio frequency identification network planning problem when compared to genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization.
Appropriate Use Criteria for Hyaluronic Acid in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis in the United States
Authors: Bhadra Arup K. , Altman Roy , Dasa Vinod , Myrick Karen , Rosen Jeffrey , Vad Vijay , Vitanzo Peter , Bruno Michelle , Kleiner Hillary , Just Caryn
Published: August 2016

Objective:

A workgroup of clinical experts has developed an Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The increasingly broad and varied use of HA injections, lack of published clinical guidance, and limited coverage for their use has created the imperative to establish appropriateness criteria.

Methods:

The experts of this workgroup represent rheumatology, orthopedic surgery, physiatry, sports medicine, and nursing clinicians with substantive knowledge of intra-articular HA therapy. This workgroup utilized the results of a systematic review of evidence, expert clinical opinion, and current evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to develop appropriateness criteria for the use of intra-articular HA for knee OA in 17 real-world clinical scenarios.

Results:

The workgroup scored the appropriateness of treatment of each patient scenario using a 9-point scale to designate a treatment as appropriate (7-9), uncertain (4-6), or inappropriate (1-3). Six scenarios were scored as appropriate, 10 scenarios were scored as uncertain, and 1 scenario was scored as inappropriate.

Conclusion:

This article can assist clinicians in shared decision-making by providing best practices in considering HA injections for knee OA treatment. Moreover, this AUC article can aid payers and policy makers in determining reimbursement and preauthorization policies and more appropriately managing health care resources. It is clear that further research is still necessary—particularly in patient populations differentiated by OA severity—that may benefit the greatest from the use of HA injections for the treatment of knee OA.
Yoga Research and Public Health
Authors: Patwardhan Avinash R.
Published: August 2016

Research on yoga is witnessing an unprecedented proliferation currently, partly because of great interest in yoga’s health utility. However, yoga research does not seem to be sufficiently public health oriented, or its quality corresponding to its quantity. Yoga research is falling short to enable key stakeholders like end users, prescribers, and payers to meaningfully, confidently, and fruitfully answer the questions like: Is it generalizable? Is it standardizable? Which yoga style should be used/recommended/paid for? Or will it be worth the money? Therefore, it is important to examine the alignment to purpose or value of yoga research from a public health point of view so as to make it more practical. The issues such as lack of clear definition of yoga, wide variation in its dosage, cacophony of lineage-based styles, no data about comparative effectiveness between the yoga components, confounders and biases clouding the evidence regarding its benefits, too little data on long-term adherence, equivocal results about its cost effectiveness, discussions lacking embrace of better methods in research, and absence of a theory of yoga are examined. This is not a detailed discussion of every issue yoga research faces, but a high-level overview of those that have direct practical bearing. In the end, a few pragmatic approaches are offered. The article suggests that yoga-component analysis, development of a theory of yoga, adoption of a health-aligned functional typology of yoga, development and testing of a simple universal basic prototype of yoga intervention, emphasis on research about long-term adherence, and discouragement for mere proof of concept research might make yoga research serve the stakeholders better. It urges the research community to practice “context cognizant scholarship” to disentangle health compatible yoga from its historical-cultural-social body before examining it for health or medical application.
A Reliability Generalization of the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale
Authors: Phillips Colleen E. , King Chelsi , Kivisalu Trisha M. , O’Toole Siobhan K.
Published: August 2016

A reliability generalization was conducted on studies that reported use of the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA), published between 1987 and 2013. For inclusion in this meta-analysis, each study had to have reported a Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for its sample. Data from 83 Cronbach’s alpha coefficients representing 12,992 participants were analyzed; only 67 out of 193 published studies (43.52%) reported reliability scores for their sample. The reliability scores produced by the SL-ASIA ranged from .62 to .96 with an average of .91 ( SD = 0.07); therefore, all of the reported reliability scores for this instrument were in the acceptable to excellent range. Our results demonstrate that SL-ASIA continues to be an instrument with strong psychometric properties when used with diverse populations, and it is therefore appropriate for continued use with studies on acculturation.
Intersecting Identities and Support for Same-sex Marriage in the United States
Authors: Sherkat Darren E.
Published: August 2016

This article examines how intersecting identities influence beliefs about the legality of same-sex marriage focusing on how religious, political, and sexual identities intersect with ethnicity and gender. Support for same-sex marriage has shifted considerably in the last decade. However, changes in attitudes toward same-sex marriage have not been uniform. Religious and political identities have provided a foundation for support or opposition to marriage rights, and sectarian Protestants and fundamentalist Christians and people who identify as political conservatives or with the Republican Party have opposed marriage equality. Ethnic identities intersect with religious and political identities as well as with sexual and gender identities and family factors to structure support for marriage. Using data from the 2006–2014 General Social Surveys, I examine how commitments to conservative Christianity and the Republican Party have influenced attitudes toward same-sex marriage, and how ethnicity intersects with religious, political, and other identifications to structure support for same-sex marriage.
Development of a Core Online Health Literacy Course in Canada
Authors: Vamos Sandra , Yeung Paul
Published: August 2016

Health literacy has implications for people’s ability to make healthy decisions and manage their own health. To improve health literacy, we need to improve the knowledge and skills of those who receive and those who provide health information and services, while paying attention to demands of the environment that shape people’s skills and abilities. Higher education can play a critical role in nurturing a health literate population. This article articulates the need to integrate health literacy courses into health-related degree programs through the integration of Bandura’s work and Core Competencies for Public Health put forward by Canada. Offering such courses in varying formats will help prepare learners to better understand the growing demand for a health literate workforce and will contribute to the ongoing public health initiatives in improving health-related settings by removing health-related barriers. This article outlines the need for a systematic development of health literacy courses based on the integration of instructional and health literacy principles. An example of a core online undergraduate health literacy course in Canada is presented. Insights are offered into how educators can develop and modify their own health literacy courses, which aim to help learners explore ideologies, practices, tools, and policies guiding health literacy efforts for diverse people across settings.
Expanding Analytical Perspectives on Children’s Picturebook Apps
Authors: Aguilera Earl , Kachorsky Dani , Gee Elisabeth , Serafini Frank
Published: August 2016

Research on the nature and impact of book apps or e-reading in general is still limited and informed by diverse assumptions about the nature of these new “texts,” the varied forms of engagement and meaning-making associated with them, and their implications for understanding literacy and learning in the digital age. The purpose of this article is to explore the affordances and constraints inherent in an examination of children’s picturebook apps through multiple analytical frameworks—in this case drawn from social semiotics, film analysis, and game studies. After outlining these frameworks in the context of our evolving new media landscape, we move on to more detailed analyses of the children’s picturebook app The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore from each of these perspectives. We conclude with lessons that might be learned from juxtaposing these analytical frameworks and suggest implications for literacy education, research, and practice.
Exploring Assessment Demands and Task Supports in Early Childhood Phonological Awareness Assessments
Authors: Cassano Christina M. , Steiner Lilly
Published: August 2016

Phonological awareness is assessed in various ways in both research studies and early childhood classrooms. The measures used to assess phonological awareness are related closely, although they differ in the linguistic unit used (e.g., word, syllable, onset-rime, or phoneme), the position of the linguistic unit (e.g., initial, medial, final), the task operation (e.g., detection, segmentation, deletion, production), the response mode (e.g., verbal, nonverbal), the task support or demands (e.g., picture prompts or memory demands), and in words used (low vs. high age of acquisition). To understand phonological awareness assessments better, phonological awareness tasks used with young children were examined based on these variations. The results indicate that considerable variability exists in the cognitive demands on phonological awareness assessments used in early childhood settings. These results raise some important questions regarding how phonological awareness is assessed in early childhood. Moreover, variations in response format and task support/demand are likely to increase or decrease the complexity of the tasks, which could have implications for classroom instruction and intervention.
Disciplinary Literacies in an Engineering Club
Authors: Shanahan Lynn E. , McVee Mary B. , Slivestri Katarina N. , Haq Kate
Published: August 2016

This conceptual article addresses the question: What are the disciplinary literacy practices surrounding the Engineering Design Process (EDP) at the elementary level? Recent attention has focused on developing science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) skills for U.S. students. In the United States, the Next Generation Science Standards and reforms such as Common Core State Standards have drawn increased attention to relationships between language, literacy, and subject matter content often referred to as disciplinary literacy. In this conceptual article, we argue that literacy educators can make a substantial contribution to the study of engineering education, particularly for underrepresented minorities and girls. We first provide a brief overview of disciplinary literacies. Then, using examples from a research-based after-school club, we explore how disciplinary literacies might contribute to the study of engineering and EDP in elementary settings particularly in relation to: (a) productive communication, (b) vocabulary development, and (c) identity.
Identification and validation of multiple cell surface markers of clinical-grade adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as novel release criteria for good manufacturing practice-compliant production
Authors: Camilleri Emily T. , Gustafson Michael P. , Dudakovic Amel , Riester Scott M. , Garces Catalina Galeano , Paradise Christopher R. , Takai Hideki , Karperien Marcel , Cool Simon , Sampen Hee-Jeong Im , Larson A. Noelle , Qu Wenchun , Smith Jay , Dietz Allan B. , van Wijnen Andre J.
Published: August 2016

Background

Clinical translation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) necessitates basic characterization of the cell product since variability in biological source and processing of MSCs may impact therapeutic outcomes. Although expression of classical cell surface markers (e.g., CD90, CD73, CD105, and CD44) is used to define MSCs, identification of functionally relevant cell surface markers would provide more robust release criteria and options for quality control. In addition, cell surface expression may distinguish between MSCs from different sources, including bone marrow-derived MSCs and clinical-grade adipose-derived MSCs (AMSCs) grown in human platelet lysate (hPL).

Methods

In this work we utilized quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, and RNA-sequencing to characterize AMSCs grown in hPL and validated non-classical markers in 15 clinical-grade donors.

Results

We characterized the surface marker transcriptome of AMSCs, validated the expression of classical markers, and identified nine non-classical markers (i.e., CD36, CD163, CD271, CD200, CD273, CD274, CD146, CD248, and CD140B) that may potentially discriminate AMSCs from other cell types. More importantly, these markers exhibit variability in cell surface expression among different cell isolates from a diverse cohort of donors, including freshly prepared, previously frozen, or proliferative state AMSCs and may be informative when manufacturing cells.

Conclusions

Our study establishes that clinical-grade AMSCs expanded in hPL represent a homogeneous cell culture population according to classical markers,. Additionally, we validated new biomarkers for further AMSC characterization that may provide novel information guiding the development of new release criteria.

Clinical trials

Use of Autologous Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in Painful Knee Osteoarthritis (BMAC): Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01931007. Registered August 26, 2013.

MSC for Occlusive Disease of the Kidney: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01840540. Registered April 23, 2013.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple System Atrophy: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02315027. Registered October 31, 2014.

Efficacy and Safety of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Treat Steroid Refractory Acute Graft Versus Host Disease. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00366145. Registered August 17, 2006.

A Dose-escalation Safety Trial for Intrathecal Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01609283. Registered May 18, 2012.
CD8+ T cells produce a dialyzable antigen-specific activator of dendritic cells
Authors: Myles Ian A , Zhao Ming , Nardone Glenn , Olano Lisa R , Reckhow Jensen D , Saleem Danial , Break Timothy J , Lionakis Michail S , Myers Timothy G , Gardina Paul J , Kirkpatrick Charles H , Holland Steven M , Datta Sandip K
Published: August 2016

Cellular lysates from PPD+ donors have been reported to transfer tuberculin reactivity to naïve recipients, but not diphtheria reactivity, and vice versa. A historically controversial topic, the terms “transfer factor” and “DLE” were used to characterize the reactivity-transferring properties of lysates. Intrigued by these reported phenomena, we found that the cellular extract derived from antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells induces IL-6 from antigen-matched APCs. This ultimately elicits IL-17 from bystander memory CD8+ T cells. We have identified that dialyzable peptide sequences, S100a9, and the TCR β chain from CD8+ T cells contribute to the molecular nature of this activity. We further show that extracts from antigen-targeted T cells enhance immunity to Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. These effects are sensitive to immunization protocols and extraction methodology in ways that may explain past discrepancies in the reproducibility of passive cellular immunity.
Ground-penetrating radar refraction imaging with stacked refraction convolution section method
Authors: de Franco Roberto , Caielli Grazia , Villa Alberto , Agliardi Federico , Franchino Francesco
Published: August 2016

We have evaluated a technique initially developed for the seismic refraction imaging, the stacked refraction convolution section (SRCS), which we have properly adapted to process ground-penetrating radar (GPR) refraction data. Through a mute operation, the subsurface refracting signals, recorded by the receiver from two reciprocal sources, are selected. Following that, a velocity analysis by means of the crosscorrelation of the refracted signals and the convolution of resulting traces is performed. The refraction image in intercept times is successively derived from three main steps, namely: (1) the convolution of the subsurface refracted signals, (2) the crosscorrelation of convolved trace with the reciprocal refracted signal, and (3) the stacking of crosscorrelated traces over all source couples. The technique is not only suitable for the processing of GPR data acquired with two or more reciprocal common source profiles but it is also convenient for its low acquisition cost in addition to the simplicity of software implementation and short processing times. We have evaluated the technique on a real GPR data set to characterize a near-surface morphostructure associated with a deep-seated gravitational slope deformation affecting Mt. Watles (Upper Venosta Valley, Italy). Results of the SRCS technique were validated against the direct trenching log data up to approximately 3 m in depth and complemented by the reflection processing outputs of common-source and common-offset data acquired along the line. The SRCS and common-midpoint processing provide the best reconstruction of the subsurface morphology of a shallow basement (approximately [Formula: see text] depth), characterized by a velocity range of [Formula: see text] and made of strongly to moderately weathered paragneiss. The full-wave modeling response of the reconstructed model demonstrates good agreement with the recorded signals.
Isolating retrograde and prograde Rayleigh-wave modes using a polarity mute
Authors: Gribler Gabriel , Liberty Lee M. , Mikesell T. Dylan , Michaels Paul
Published: August 2016

Estimates of S-wave velocity with depth from Rayleigh-wave dispersion data are limited by the accuracy of fundamental and/or higher mode signal identification. In many scenarios, the fundamental mode propagates in retrograde motion, whereas higher modes propagate in prograde motion. This difference in particle motion (or polarity) can be used by joint analysis of vertical and horizontal inline recordings. We have developed a novel method that isolates modes by separating prograde and retrograde motions; we call this a polarity mute. Applying this polarity mute prior to traditional multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) analysis improves phase velocity estimation for fundamental and higher mode dispersion. This approach, in turn, should lead to improvement of S-wave velocity estimates with depth. With two simple models and a field example, we have highlighted the complexity of the Rayleigh-wave particle motions and determined improved MASW dispersion images using the polarity mute. Our results show that we can separate prograde and retrograde signals to independently process fundamental and higher mode signals, in turn allowing us to identify lower frequency dispersion when compared with single component data. These examples demonstrate that the polarity mute approach can improve estimates of S-wave velocities with depth.
The Global Earthquake Model Physical Vulnerability Database
Authors: Yepes-Estrada Catalina , Silva Vitor , Rossetto Tiziana , D'Ayala Dina , Ioannou Ioanna , Meslem Abdelghani , Crowley Helen
Published: August 2016

There are almost 50 years of research on fragility and vulnerability assessment, both key elements in seismic risk or loss estimation. This paper presents the online database of physical vulnerability models that has been created as part of the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) initiative. The database comprises fragility and vulnerability curves, damage-to-loss models, and capacity curves for various types of structures. The attributes that have been selected to characterize each function, the constraints of setting up a usable database, the challenges in collecting these models, and the current trends in the development of vulnerability models are discussed in this study. The current collection of models leverages upon the outputs of several initiatives, such as GEM's Global Vulnerability Consortium and the European Syner-G project. This database is publicly available through the web-based GEM OpenQuake-platform http://doi.org/10.13117/GEM.DATASET.VULN.WEB-V1.0
Introduction: Old and New Weird
Authors: Noys Benjamin , Murphy Timothy S.
Published: August 2016

The introduction to this special issue proposes a three-stage periodization for the development of weird fiction, the unstable hybrid of horror, science fiction, and fantasy most often associated with H. P. Lovecraft: Old Weird (1880–1940), which is centered on Lovecraft's literary and critical work and the pulp magazine Weird Tales that gave the genre its name; Weird Transition (1940–80), a period marked by the apparent decline of the genre but that actually sees the migration of weird elements into a broad range of genre and media practices; and New Weird (1980–present), which critiques the Old Weird's reactionary politics by adopting a radically affirmative perspective on the body and the alien. During the New Weird period, philosophy and critical theory are also infected with weird elements of nihilism and radical antihumanism, as in the speculative realist school. This historical perspective reveals the weird to be a form of “pulp modernism” that is irreducible to high modernism or postmodernism.
Prosthetic Pasts: H. P. Lovecraft and the Weird Politics of History
Authors: Price Fiona
Published: August 2016

This article reads Lovecraft's weird fiction in relation to his historically minded eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century precursors. In his essay “Supernatural Horror in Literature” (1927) the first text Lovecraft focuses on at length is Horace Walpole's Castle of Otranto (1764), a supernatural tale that, he claims, exerted a virtually unparalleled influence on weird literature. Forming a distorted mirror image of Georg Lukács's description of Otranto as a piece of costumery that nonetheless became the most famous historical novel of the eighteenth century, Lovecraft's equivocal praise places Walpole in a tradition of cosmic horror that also includes Clara Reeve, William Godwin, and Walter Scott. Yet the relationship between Lovecraft's fiction and these earlier writers of historical fiction has been more assumed than explored. Aware of history as a malleable and potentially destructive force, these precursors search for an alternative tradition to the “divine right” of kings on which to base the British constitution. In the process they both interrogate the idea of Anglo-Saxon liberty and exploit the progressive narratives of stadial history. Lovecraft follows their historical experiments in search of liberty, constructing a prosthetic past in an attempt to interpret the American people and their Constitution. Despite Lovecraft's horror of labor unrest and miscegenation, his racist political vision is as a result haunted by the radical and progressive potential of these past traditions.
ROLE OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT AND FERTILIZERS IN INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN ON GRAY FOREST SOIL IN THE KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Гарифуллина  , Garifullina Liana , Таланов  , Talanov Ivan
Published: August 2016

The article presents the application results of pre-sowimg seeds treatment methods and nutrition backgrounds on productivity and quality of winter wheat grain.
High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) Study of Stacking Irregularity in Fe-Rich Chlorite From Selected Hydrothermal Ore Deposits
Authors: Inoué Sayako , Kogure Toshihiro
Published: August 2016

The structures of Fe-rich chlorite and berthierine and the formation mechanisms of 7 Å–14 Å interstratified minerals were not previously fully understood owing to the difficulties in analyzing them by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The present study characterizes Fe-rich chlorites in quartz veins of epithermal to xenothermal vein-type ore deposits without later structural modifications, based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) along with XRD examination and chemical analysis. Samples have a wide range of Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios from 0.38 to 0.98 and tetrahedral Al substitution for Si from 0.94 to 1.44 atoms per formula unit (apfu). The variation in Fe content nearly parallels the tetrahedral Al content. The formation temperatures estimated by chlorite geothermometry range from 190°C to 320°C. In HRTEM, most of the samples showed interstratification between 7 Å, 14 Å, and/or (in some samples) smectite layers. Chlorites with relatively low Fe contents (Fe/(Fe+Mg) ≈ 0.4) were characterized by mostly 14 Å periodicity with the polytype IIbb. In contrast, interstratification of 7 Å and 14 Å layers predominated with increasing Fe content and the proportion of 7 Å layers exceeds 80% in Fe-rich samples with Fe/(Fe+Mg) > 0.9. The 7 Å component layer approximated Fe-rich berthierine based on the chemical composition. Layer stacking structures in the Fe-rich samples were complex, and characterized by disorder of 7 Å and 14 Å layers, differences in the polarity of the tetrahedral sheets, variations of the slant of the octahedral sheets, and positional disorder between octahedral and tetrahedral sheets involving the hydrogen bonding, as indicated from HRTEM observations along the Yi directions of the phyllosilicates. The complex stacking structures observed in Fe-rich samples suggest that irregularity was controlled by neither the Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratio nor the formation temperature; stacking was controlled by kinetic factors in the process of mineral precipitation under disequilibrium conditions.
A Hero’s Journey in a German psychiatric hospital: A case study on the use of role method in individual drama therapy
Authors: Klees Simone
Published: August 2016

This article provides a case example of individual drama therapy in a psychiatric hospital in Germany. A case study on the use of the role method, and specifically the Hero’s Journey, with a middle-aged, female diagnosed with personality and anxiety disorder is presented. The participant endorsed the utility of this approach in helping her experience relief and a sense of control over her presenting symptoms. Further research into the efficacy of the role method in individual drama therapy is needed in order to promote the use of such treatment within the context of the local mental health system.
Minding our own biases: Using drama therapeutic tools to identify and challenge assumptions, biases and stereotypes
Authors: Williams Britton M.
Published: August 2016

This article explores the effects of racial assumptions, biases and stereotyping in therapeutic practice and how drama therapeutic tools might foster resistance to racist socialization among therapists. A review of relevant literature reveals a pressing need for programs, supervision and curricula that specifically address the potentially detrimental and traumatic effects of ‘isms’ (e.g. racism, classism, sexism) and ‘phobias’ (e.g. homophobia, Islamophobia) in the therapeutic encounter. This article proposes three exercises that draw on the projective, embodied and relational foundations of drama therapy towards challenging bias and moving towards just practices.