bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re–operating the Bhumibol and Sirikit Dams Using Hybrid Neuro–Fuzzy Technique to Solve the Water Scarcity and Flooding Problems in the Chao Phraya River Basin
Authors: Muyar Kyaw Khin , Rittima Areeya , Phankamolsil Yutthana , Sriratana Tabucanon Allan , Sawangphol Wudhichart , Kraisangka Jidapa , Talaluxmana Yutthana , Vudhivanich Varawoot
Published: February 2024

The decision support system to reservoir re–operation using Artificial Intelligence has been broadly studied and proven in term of the operational performances for both single and multiple reservoir system, this study applied Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) technique for reservoir re–operation in Chao Phraya River Basin aiming to reduce water scarcity and flooding problems in the central region of Thailand. ANFIS is an integrated approach in which neural networks are utilized to enhance the fuzzy inference system and create fuzzy “IF–Then” reservoir operational guidelines with proper membership functions for reservoir re–operation. In this study, ANFIS operating rules were trained using two different datasets; long–term dataset (scenario 1) and water year–based dataset (scenario 2). It is revealed that the extent of yearly water deficit in critical dry years are totally reduced to nearly zero when re–operating with ANFIS operation rules, except in the year 2012. However, the yearly water deficit in year 2012 is also substantially reduced from 504 MCM by the current operation to 127 and 119 MCM for scenario 1 and scenario 2, respectively when two scenarios of ANFIS–based reservoir re–operation model were performed. Moreover, considerable total amount of spilled water from BB and SK Dams is definitely declined to 0 and 37 MCM in years 2002 and 2011, respectively when water year–based ANFIS model was implemented. In addition, it is expressed that average water storages of two main dams obtained from two scenarios of ANFIS model are substantially increased up to +6.08% and +6.94% for BB Dam and +0.09% and +1.62% for SK Dam in comparison with the current operation. This signifies that supplying water from dams to meet the target water demand through adaptive fuzzy–rules can be well handled and flooded water can be minimized.
A new gate design combined MIS and p-GaN gate structures for normally-off and high on-current operation
Authors: Sriramadasu Krishna Sai , Hsin Yue-Ming
Published: February 2024

This study proposes a new gate architecture that integrates both a p-GaN gate and a metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structure for a normally-off AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor. Silvaco TCAD simulation software is used to assess the performance of the proposed design. A comprehensive analysis of the device’s transfer, output, and breakdown characteristics is carried out and compared with the conventional p-GaN gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT. The findings indicate that incorporating MIS in conjunction with the p-GaN gate leads to an augmentation in the on-state current density and a reduction in on-resistance. The proposed HEMT exhibits superior attributes, with an 80% increase in drain current compared to the conventional p-GaN gate HEMT, but remains similar to threshold voltage and breakdown voltage. Consequently, the proposed HEMT demonstrates elevated current density and enhances gate control over the channel without modifying the threshold voltage compared to the conventional p-GaN gate HEMT.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemeriksaan Pap Smear; Pendekatan Observasional.
Authors: Periselo Helen , Sari Rafika , Naim Awaluddin , Sari Chrecencya Nirmalarum
Published: February 2024

Pap smear merupakan salah satu deteksi dini terhadap kanker serviks, yang prinsipnya mengambil sel epitel yang ada di leher Rahim yang kemudian dilihat kenormalannya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi pemeriksaan pap smear  terhadap wanita usia subur . Metode yang digunakan adalah desain pendekatan cross sectional , yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan,sikap,dan dukungan suami terhadap pemeriksaan pap smear,penarikan sampel berdasarkan Purposive Sampling. Instrumen mengumpulkan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data secara Univariate dan Bivariate dengan menggunakan Chi-kuadrat dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = ( 0,05).

Hasil Analisa data responden dengan menggunakan Uji Chi-Square ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan pemeriksaan pap smear dengan nilai p = 0,035 ( <α = 0,05). Ada hubungan antara sikap dengan pemeriksaan pap smear dengan nilai p= 0,012 (< α = 0,05) , dan ada hubungan antara dukungan suami dengan pemeriksaan pap smear dengan nilai p = 0,004 ( < α = 0,05).

Disarankan kepada wanita usia subur agar memperhatikan faktor – faktor  yang mempengaruhi pemeriksaan pap smear, sehingga dianggap cukup untuk melihat factor – factor yang mempengaruhi pemeriksaan pap smear..

 

Kata kunci:  Pap Smear, Wanita Usia Subur, Sikap, Dan Dukungan Suami
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) Extract Hepatoprotection Activity Against Isoniazid Induced Rat Serum Aspartate Transaminase (AST) Levels
Authors: Sovia Evi , Kristiana Ris , Nurdina Salsabila , Rachman Hidayatul
Published: February 2024

Hepatotoxicity is a condition of liver cell damage that is often caused by drugs such as isoniazid. Isoniazid (INH) is an anti-tuberculosis drug that, when used excessively can cause an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and trigger oxidative stress thereby inducing cell necrosis, especially in the liver. Cinnamon is a plant contains flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and essential oils that are useful as antioxidants and have the potential to have hepatoprotective effects. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) and its effective dose as hepatoprotection on aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in isoniazid-induced male rats. This study was a post-test only control group design laboratory experiment with sample of 25 male Wistar rats consisting of five groups: the normal control group was given aquabidest (K1), the positive control was induced with 200mg/kg isoniazid (K2), and three treatment groups were induced with 200mg/kg isoniazid and given cinnamon ethanol extract at a dose of 100, 200, and 400mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of the study AST levels were measured. Data were analyzed using the One-Way Anova test and Tukey's Post Hoc Test. The results showed that the ALT levels of the group given cinnamon at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg decreased significantly (p<0.05), that are 93,20 ± 8,55, 85,60 ± 8,23, and 71,20 ± 3,56 U/L, respectively. Cinnamon ethanol extract could prevent increases in isoniazid-induced AST in rats, thus having a hepatoprotective activity.
A Review of the Optimal Effects of Sunscreen Usage in Women Residing in Tropical Climate Regions for Melasma Prevention: Insights from Literature Analysis
Authors: Damayanti Lina , Pradini Astri , Salsabila Mitha
Published: February 2024

Melasma is a hyperpigmented patch that is generally found on the face, especially on the cheeks, chin, upper lip, and can extend to the neck. The color of hyperpigmentation in melasma varies, generally light brown to black with an irregular shape. Melasma is often found in countries with tropical climates with skin types III-V. This happens because countries with these climates are exposed to more sunlight. To reduce excessive UV exposure to the skin, you can use sunscreen. Optimal use of sunscreen must also be considered in order to reduce the incidence of melasma. This literature review uses four databases (Google scholar, PUBMED, NCBI and PERDOSKI) using the relevant keywords namely "melasma" and "sunscreen" to find the source of articles published in 2010 to 2022. The search results get 142 articles. in Indonesian and English. After selecting based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 relevant articles were obtained which will be discussed in this literature review. In this literature review, the results show that there is a significant relationship between optimal use of sunscreen for women in countries with tropical climates, especially Asia, and the incidence of melasma. Melasma occurs mostly in women with Fitzpatrick III-V skin types and is susceptible to age 25-60 years. Patients with melasma who used sunscreen optimally by applying it every 2 hours showed a decrease in the degree of severity of melasma compared to those who did not repeat the use of sunscreen.
Urbanistica, storia della città e del territorio
Authors: Corsani Gabriele , Balsimelli Massimo
Published: February 2024

Dagli anni Sessanta del Novecento fino agli inizi di questo secolo la parola, i lavori e l’esempio di Gian Franco Di Pietro sono stati e sono ancora un riferimento, con la naturalezza e il vigore del loro primo apparire. Ricercatore e suscitatore di ricerche, docente universitario, autore di cospicui saggi, di piani urbani e territoriali, di stimati progetti architettonici, Gian Franco è stato un autentico “intellettuale organico”, appassionato e rigoroso alla maniera ormai antica.
Il governo del territorio della Regione Toscana
Authors: Massa Marco , Donatini Donatella
Published: February 2024

Ripercorrere la storia del rapporto fra Gian Franco Di Pietro e il governo della Regione Toscana non può ridursi al semplice commento delle opere di un autore che ha lasciato tracce importanti sia nella teoria sia nei progetti urbanistici, ma deve servire a ridiscutere la scomparsa dei valori distintivi del suo lavoro ancora attuali, ossia di una cultura del piano come progetto pubblico di città, della tutela del patrimonio edilizio storico e del paesaggio, della preminenza degli interessi sociali e collettivi rispetto a quelli individuali.
Il territorio agricolo e forestale nell'urbanistica
Authors: Piussi Pietro
Published: February 2024

Sono passati molti anni da quando ho lavorato con Franco in tre casi di pianificazione territoriale che ora ripercorro per ragionare, con l’esperienza maturata nel tempo, sul  significato da lui attribuito al territorio, ed in particolare a quello agricolo e forestale,  anche  alla luce dei cambiamenti avvenuti nella società. Ho visto esprimersi molto chiaramente il pensiero di Franco nel gruppo di studiosi che ha prodotto il Piano per il Parco Territoriale di Monte Morello (1973 – 1975), di cui ho fatto parte; a distanza di qualche decennio ho contribuito alla redazione dei Piani Strutturali dei Comuni di San Casciano (2001-2002) e di San Gimignano (2003-2004) a lui affidata, lavori nei quali ho ritrovato l’approccio che avevo già avuto modo di apprezzare.
“Odori di soffritto e segretarie pimpanti”
Authors: Preite Massimo
Published: February 2024

Ho indugiato a lungo prima di risolvermi a scrivere queste righe in ricordo di Franco. Un’esitazione motivata dal fatto di non avere avuto con lui alcuna occasione di stretta collaborazione, né nell’attività didattica, né nei suoi lavori di ricerca e pianificazione. Faccio quindi fatica a rievocare avvenimenti specifici, o momenti particolari di una frequentazione piuttosto irregolare nel tempo, che inevitabilmente si è ulteriormente sfilacciata negli anni successivi al pensionamento di entrambi.
Un maestro e un amico
Authors: Valbonesi Fiorenzo
Published: February 2024

Ho conosciuto il Professore Gian Franco Di Pietro in occasione dell’esame di Arte dei Giardini, esame che aveva poco a che fare con il titolo, ma era propedeutico ad all’esame obbligatorio di Urbanistica. Vorrei raccontare brevemente che anni erano quelli: desideravo fortemente iscrivermi alla Facoltà di Architettura e l’unica via era quella di frequentare un Liceo, quello Scientifico in quanto mio padre (ex seminarista) mi vietò il Liceo Artistico, troppo pericoloso, e mi sconsigliò il Classico
I materiali di Villa Garzoni (Collodi)
Authors: Cantisani Emma , Fratini Fabio , Sacchi Barbara
Published: February 2024

Villa Garzoni and its garden are an extraordinary example of 18th-century Tuscan taste and culture. They are located on the slope of a hill at the mouth of the Pescia di Collodi stream in the Pescia plain (northern Tuscany). The garden presents scenographic and surprise effects that are part of a single decorative ensemble of great stylistic coherence. The steeply sloping terrain influenced the planimetric organisation, which develops along a central axis of symmetry, with an arrangement of terraces. In this paper the results of a diagnostic campaign performed on the materials of the villa and garden are reported. Stones, mortars and plasters were identified and analysed according to a well-established chemical and minero petrographic approach. Local and imported stones, raw materials and technologies used for the preparation of mortars and plasters, materials used for decoration were identified. To plan the best restoration approach their state of conservation was assess.
Restauro in Accademia di San Luca: riflessioni intorno a una proposta di Gaspare Salvi per il concorso scolastico 1840.
Authors: Casola Tiziano
Published: February 2024

An unpublished document in the archives of the Accademia di San Luca bears witness to the proposal of a 'restoration' test addressed to students of theoretical architecture, on the occasion of the annual school competition in 1840. The reasons for the idea, consisting in the elaboration of a project for the restoration of the Temple of Mars Ultor in the Roman forum, are here traced back to the collapse of part of the Monastery of the Annunziata ai Pantani, which had developed over the centuries close to the remains of the temple, which had occurred the previous year. The competition outline, drawn up by architect Gaspare Salvi, certifies that at the time the building was to be demolished with a view to 'in style' completion of the temple, which was not carried out. Although promptly rejected, in its nature of an isolated case, Salvi's proposal contributed to the reflection on the idea of archaeological restoration in the academic training of young architects and to a greater definition of the thinking regarding the possibility of intervention on ancient monuments in the first half of the 19th century in Rome.
From the visual connections of the nuraghi of Sinis to the submerged nuragic city of Conca Illonis in the pond of Cabras.
Authors: Sanna Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

In literature, the nuraghi, megalithic towers, are studied as separete cases. The proposed study aims instead at analysing them as a whole taking as a empirical reference in the case of Sinis, within the territory of Cabras (central-western Sardinia). By means of a visual connection between the various nuraghi, it is possible to trace 'paths' of information exchange with which it is hypothesised that the ancient architectures interacted in synergy in order to protect their mother city, currently under the waters of the Cabras pond, in the Conca Illonis area. The results of the analysis allow us to imagine a new possible analysis model that illustrates the functioning of the nuraghi and a nuragic dwelling settlement of considerably larger dimensions than any known to date in Sardinia.
Il piano di conservazione e gestione per le Scuole Nazionali d’Arte di Cuba. Un contributo al percorso di candidatura alla WHL.
Authors: Celli Sofia , Garzullino Andrea
Published: February 2024

This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on methods and tools for the preservation and management of architectural heritage, and presents the Conservation Management Plan developed between 2018 and 2020 for the National Schools of Arts of Havana. The authors focus on the GIS based tools created to manage information collected by the different work groups who contributed to the drafting of the Plan. The outcome is an articulated and flexible system which aims to describe the complexity of the schools, as well as to actively involve interested actors in order to share cultural values, operational needs and priorities of intervention. Indeed, the objective of a Conservation Management Plan is to clarify the significance of a place, and define in which ways such significance will be maintained in future transformations. The GIS developed for the National Art Schools enabled to archive, systematize, and analyze data according to the double-scale approach which characterized the entire research (the territorial and the architectural one), thus becoming an essential tool for the implementation of the CMP.
Geomática y geografía al servicio de la conservación del Patrimonio Arquitectónico
Authors: Hernández Peña Liamnisbel
Published: February 2024

In the last decades, the introduction of geomatic technologies in the processes of documentation of built environment has revolutionized the field of morphometric documentation. These procedures have undoubtedly helped tangible Cultural Heritage, which in today's society plays an increasingly central role in socio-economic development and the reaffirmation of a country's cultural identity. This research aims to illustrate a management method for Architectural Heritage (AH) using innovative technologies, which allow determining the influence of geographic-environmental conditions on the processes of material and structural degradation of buildings. The case study on which this method was tested is the Facultad de Arte Teatral (FAT) of the Universidad de las Artes in La Habana (Cuba).
I tumuli del parco archeologico di Cortona. Studi per la conservazione e la valorizzazione.
Authors: Matracchi Pietro , Gianmarco Agnoloni  , Paolo Bruschetti  , Elena Caldini  , Deborah del Dottore  , Ada Salvi
Published: February 2024

About fifteen years after the “Parco Archeologico” of Cortona was opened, it was deemed necessary to launch an accurate and extensive campaign of study and documentation of the sites from which it consists. The study and the survey were started from the tumuli of Sodo and the tumulus of Camucia; the work was conducted with the aim of deepening the construction techniques and the state of conservation of these artifacts.

Two main areas of decay emerged, one related to the not always effective control and protection from rainwater; the other concerns the structural problems of parts in condition of ruin, but also of intact rooms apparently in good state of conservation. In some cases, possible intervention solutions were also outlined.

This research also aims to lay the foundations for the future development of a planned conservation, which is a key theme in archaeological sites.
ESTUDOS GRAMSCI NO MUNDO GERMANÓFONO: UMA REVISÃO ATUAL
Authors: Pohn-Lauggas Ingo
Published: February 2024

O artigo oferece uma visão geral dos usos, mais ou menos conscientes, das categorias de Gramsci no mundo cultural, político e científico alemão. Uma resenha na qual, depois de retraçar o processo de tradução e publicação das obras de Gramsci em alemão, o autor se detém, com particular atenção, nos aprofundamentos dedicados ao intelectual sardo nos campos científicos, que parecem mais relevantes e significativos, a saber, ciências políticas e sociais, pedagogia, estudos culturais e pós-coloniais.
Seeking the Ideal School Leader: A Qualitative Study about Greek Teachers’ Point of View
Authors: Pelagia Stravakou , Evangelia Lozgka
Published: February 2024

The voluntary and willing participation of followers is a necessary prerequisite for the emergence of the leadership phenomenon. However, followers' view about leaders and leadership is usually overlooked in research. The present study therefore aims to explore teachers' opinions about the ideal school leader and the effect of leadership in education. Data for this study were collected using free text as a research tool and qualitative content analysis as a research method. Findings reflect the leadership models that participants preferred for education, the qualifications that -in their opinion- the ideal leader possesses in a school unit, as well as the influence that they estimated that leadership has in the educational field.
Effects of Family Characteristics and Work Relationship on Retirement among Teachers in Agona West Municipality, Ghana
Authors: N-yelbi John , Anovunga Alfred Alunga
Published: February 2024

Family characteristics and work relationships have effects on teachers’ retirement decision-making in the country. This has led to much frustrations of life for some retired teachers in Ghana. The study was guided by the following research objectives: Effects of family characteristics on retirement decision-making, the influence of work relationships on retirement decision-making and the strategies that can be put in place to improve retirement decision-making among teachers. A quantitative approach and descriptive survey design were used. The target population comprised teachers in public Basic schools in the Agona West Municipality. 150 teachers formed the sample for the study. Data was obtained using a self-developed questionnaire. It emerged from the findings that high financial demands stemming from home expenses, expectations from family members, and being first-borns hindered individuals’ ability to save and plan for their retirement. Also, it revealed that teachers in the Agona Swedru Municipal place considerable importance on their interactions with colleagues when it comes to retirement decision-making. It was found that teachers in the Agona Swedru Municipal place considerable importance on their interactions with colleagues when it comes to retirement decision-making. It was therefore recommended that retirement planning initiatives and financial education programmes should prioritize offering diverse and adaptable forms of psychoeducation and guidance to cater for the varying expectations and preferences of respondents. Educational institutions and policymakers should encourage and support peer relationships to improve retirement preparedness and satisfaction among teachers in the Municipality. Prioritize and tailor retirement planning guidance and education to address the diverse preferences and needs of respondents.
How Audience Reaction to The 5th Estate Vlogs Aid in The Construction of Mutahi Ngunyi’s Identity as an Authoritative Political Analyst
Authors: Shirima Mathews Arnold , Chakava Hillary , Yieke Felicia
Published: February 2024

This study investigated one of Kenya’s foremost political commentary vlogs – The 5th Estate as a rich site on how multimodal resources are marshaled by Mutahi Ngunyi, the vlog’s creator and political analyst, to construct the identity of an authoritative political analyst. Whereas there are several studies on identity construction on social media platforms, little research on identity construction focusing specifically on vlogging exist. More so, there is scanty investigation of identity construction strategies used by vloggers who specialise in political commentary. Using the Systemic Functional – Multimodal Discourse Analysis (SF-MDA) approach, the research investigated how audience reaction aid in the construction of individual’s identity. The research adopted a qualitative perspective and more specifically a descriptive-interpretive design. Data which included vlogs posted on The 5th Estate since its establishment on 19th February, 2019 to date constituted the population of study from which four most popular vlogs were sampled. Data for research was collected, transcribed and analysed using content analysis technique. Knowledge generated by this study is expected to fill the existing gaps in political communications and new media research concerning identity construction in social media. The study could also be useful to politicians, political influencers and government agents who may want to adopt vlogging to communicate to their audience efficiently and effectively. The study concluded that audience reaction plays an important role in shaping Identity of an individual by affirmation of the message, use of descriptive words that describe the author, or titles ascribed to the author.
Mid-Trimester (13-20 Weeks) Maternal Serum β HCG As a Predictor of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Hossain Farhana , Sarker Anjana , Ahmed Arifa , Yasmin Rukhsana
Published: February 2024

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a significant contributor to maternal mortality, with early identification of risk factors being crucial for proactive management. This study explores the potential of mid-trimester maternal serum β HCG levels as a predictive marker for hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Objective: The primary objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical utility of second-trimester serum β HCG levels in predicting the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Methods: The study, conducted from June 2020 to July 2021, recruited pregnant women aged 13-20 weeks who were normotensive and non-proteinuric. Data from 100 respondents were collected, with 50 in each group (Group A with β HCG > 35000 m IU/ml and Group B with β HCG < 35000 m IU/ml). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Group A had a significantly higher proportion of hypertensive disorders compared to Group B (38% vs. 10%, p < 0.001), with Group A being more than five times as likely to develop hypertensive disorders (cOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.862, 16.344). Serum β HCG levels in respondents with hypertensive disorders (Mean = 60626.88 m IU/ml) were significantly higher than those who were normotensive (Mean = 32812.18 m IU/ml, p < 0.001). Sensitivity was 79.17%, specificity was 59.21%, and positive and negative predictive values were 38% and 90%, respectively. Conclusions: Mid-trimester serum β HCG levels are an efficient non-invasive predictor of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. With its high sensitivity and negative predictive value, this cost-effective test can aid in the early identification and proactive management of at-risk pregnancies.
Molecular Docking Based Predictive Study of Bougainvillea Glabra against Mtorc1 Protein for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy: Network Pharmacology
Authors: Bahadur Vijay , Malik Jitender K , Kumar G. Pavan , Kumar Sunil , Singh Gyan , Siroliya Vinay
Published: February 2024

Background: The decline in kidney function experienced by people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who are chronically ill is known as diabetic nephropathy (DN) or diabetic kidney disease. The condition is known to progress in a number of stages and is related to blood pressure and glycemic management. Nevertheless, despite strict blood sugar management, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic patients has not decreased over the past 20 years, which has led to the discovery of new risk factors for the illness's development. The medical characteristics of the Paper Flower, Bougainvillea spectabilis, include anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammtory, anti-hyperlipidemic, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiulcer capabilities. Alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, phytobannins, quinones, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids are examples of phytoconstituents that have been claimed to have medicinal characteristics. Method: In the current study, a molecular docking technique was used to try and identify mTORC1protein inhibitors. A grid-based docking strategy was used to determine the binding using the Auto Dock software. Merck Molecular Force Field was used to build the 2D structures of compounds, convert them to 3D, and then energetically reduce them up to arms gradient of 0.01. (MMFF). Result: The molecular docking of Ferulic acid & Gallic acid with mTORC1 protein showed binding energy (Kcal/mol) -5.37 & -4.56 respectively. Conclusion: Theoretically, all the ligand molecules have shown encouraging docking score. The docking result of ferulic acid revealed that their docking scores was -5.37 kcal mol–1, and it can be predicted as good inhibitor of mTORC1 protein and thereby prevents dysregulation of intracellular protein synthesis and the metabolic balance along with decreasing oxidative stress on the kidney.
Immediate Prognosis of Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Pervin Mst. Wahida , Choudhury Md. Roushan Kabir , Sadi Md. Rokib , Sarker Ashoke
Published: February 2024

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant neuropsychiatric complication of liver disease, causing substantial global morbidity and mortality. Advances in our understanding of HE pathogenesis have led to the development of new management strategies. Documenting the disease profile, precipitating factors, and prognostic indicators is crucial, given the need to widely apply these new strategies. Objectives: This study aims to assess the immediate prognosis, identify presenting features, and categorize patients based on the Child-Pugh Class at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Department of Medicine at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January to December 2010 aimed to assess the immediate prognosis of HE, determine its presenting features, and categorize study subjects based on the Child-Pugh Class. Sixty-six patients with chronic liver disease and HE were included in the study. Comprehensive data were collected through detailed history-taking, physical examinations, and investigations that adhered to the inclusion criteria. Results: The study cohort included 42 male and 24 female patients, with the majority (69.7%) falling within the age group of 30-60 years, with a mean age of 47.29 (±13.5). Most patients presented with grade II HE (40.9%). Hepatitis B, C, or both were positive in 63.6% of cases. Confusion was the most common presenting feature due to encephalopathy (53.0%). A majority of patients (62%) were in Child Class C. Electrolyte imbalance (54.4%), and constipation (34.8%) were the most common precipitating factors. 74.2% of patients survived, while 25.8% succumbed to the condition. Conclusion: Hepatic encephalopathy is a well-recognized complication of chronic liver disease, predominantly presenting with mental confusion. Despite many patients presenting with severe encephalopathy (Child Class C), the immediate survival rate was deemed satisfactory. The study underscores the importance of early hospitalization, identification of precipitating factors, and timely treatment in improving outcomes for this fatal condition.
Nursing Students' Perceptions of the Quality of Teaching Supervision During Clinical Placements
Authors: Mutumubi Fabien Fula , Mayoyo Erick Mukala , Ekibe Didier Mangbala , Jiwe Jean-Pierre Amuli , Babintu Leyka Mukandu Basua
Published: February 2024

Introduction: During their placements in healthcare establishments, nursing students are assigned to members of the nursing staff who, as tutors, are responsible for supporting and assessing them as part of their professional training [1]. As such, it is vital that the hospital environments hosting these students pay the utmost attention to how these placements are carried out. This study explored our respondents' perceptions of the quality of teaching supervision during their clinical placements at the Bandundu general referral hospital (HGR). We opted for a qualitative, case study approach. Data were collected from individual, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 9 third-year graduate students. The aim of these interviews was to gather information based on the students' previous experiences of their placements. Materials and Method: The analysis method used for this research was content analysis, also known as thematic content analysis. The data were analysed using ATLAS.ti7 software. A main theme was identified for this study. Three sub-themes emerged from this central theme: students' perceptions of their needs in terms of teaching support, their perceptions of the teaching strategies used by the support staff, and their perceptions of the quality of the training provided by the support staff in the field. Results: With regard to teaching support needs, it is important to emphasise the lack of prior and intermediate assessment, the inadequacy of care materials, the excessive number of trainees, the lack of support for assessment, the failure to comply with placement objectives and the lack of autonomy, all of which appear to hinder students' learning progress in the clinical environment. With regard to teaching strategies, it is interesting to note that the methods of education, training and advice were more frequently mentioned than those of confrontation. With regard to the quality of training, the majority of participants judged supervision at the placement to be satisfactory. Conclusion: Although the majority of students were satisfied with the quality of the supervision they received at their placement, the results suggest the need for innovation in current approaches to clinical teaching in order to foster student autonomy and enable them to develop essential skills.
ANALISIS KECEMASAN BERTANDING ATLET KARATE PENGGUNA ALAT BANTU PUSH UP BOARD
Authors: Anisa Putri Nastiti  , Nora Yuniar Setyaputri  , Galang Surya Gumilang  , Budiman Agung Pratama
Published: February 2024

Mental yang prima dan stabil diperlukan oleh atlet untuk kesiapan mengikuti pertandingan. Faktor psikologi yang mempengaruhi mental performa atlet yaitu kecemasan. Kecemasan yang terjadi pada atlet karate sangat berpengaruh terhadap performa dan juga prestasi yang dimiliki atlet apabila tidak segera diatasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Sumber data yang digunakan merupakan sumber data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara pada atlet karate Dojo SMANEKA Kediri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti tingkat kecemasan atlet pengguna alat bantu papan push up. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa atlet setelah menggunakan papan push up kecemasannya cenderung berkurang dan kepercayaan dirinya meningkat.
La digestión de la alteridad en el Tropicalismo musical brasileño: Antropofagia y decolonialidad
Authors: Carolina da Luz Ana
Published: February 2024

El movimiento artístico-musical Tropicalismo nació en São Paulo en 1967 con una propuesta estética que representó importantes rupturas con las estructuras del arte y de la cultura en el Brasil de los años ‘60, sosteniendo oposición a la dictadura cívico-militar (1964-1985) y una postura crítica también con relación a la izquierda tradicional. Al adoptar una praxis antropofágica de creación, herencia del Modernismo brasileño que cumple su centenario en 2022, el Tropicalismo se caracterizó por relaciones novedosas tejidas entre estética y política. El presente trabajo busca demostrar la dimensión decolonial del movimiento explicitando cómo este digirió las producciones musicales de ámbito internacional, las cinematográficas del movimiento Cinema Novo y las literarias y artísticas del Concretismo. Para eso son analizadas canciones de discos tropicalistas lanzados entre 1967 y 1969, así como textos y biografías de integrantes del movimiento. El análisis discursivo empleado está anclado en el marco teórico-metodológico de la disciplina filosófica de la Historia de las Ideas Latinoamericanas.
Percurso migratório dos Açores às origens de San Carlos e Jaguarão
Authors: raga da Rosa Letícia Vieira , Schemes Claudia
Published: February 2024

Investigação sobre migrações transoceânicas, com foco no fluxo de migrantes das Ilhas dos Açores para a América Meridional. O período analisado abrange o envio dos Casais do Número a partir do Edital de 1746, acompanhando um grupo de famílias açorianas destinadas para o Rio Grande de São Pedro que, devido à invasão espanhola à vila do Rio Grande em 1763, foi transportado para o território espanhol, fundando a vila de San Carlos e, após o Tratado de Santo Ildefonso, regressou ao Rio Grande, indo estabelecer-se no “Território de Ninguém”, dando origem à freguesia do Espírito Santo do Serrito no Jaguarão. Como objetivo busca-se analisar a trajetória migratória das famílias açorianas que participaram das origens de San Carlos e Jaguarão. A investigação é conduzida tendo como perspectiva teórico-metodológica a Sociologia Compreensiva de Max Weber e a Micro-história de Giovanni Levi. Complementam o quadro teórico o aporte de Georg Simmel e Georg Herbert Mead, para discutir as relações entre migração, redes de relacionamento e vínculos de pertencimento. A investigação aponta que, na movimentação dessas famílias em seus múltiplos assentamentos e deslocamentos dos Açores à freguesia do Espírito Santo no Jaguarão, a mobilidade territorial e a mobilidade social andaram em paralelo.
Wojna. Sztuka. Dekolonizacja
Authors: Szerszeń Tomasz
Published: February 2024

Pełnoskalowa rosyjska inwazja na Ukrainę wywołała nie tylko bezprecedensową erupcję cierpienia, której symbolem stała się Bucza; przywołała dawno niewidziane stare-nowe obrazy, ale stała się również punktem zwrotnym wprawiającym w ruch całą dyskursywną mapę. Ten zwrot w myśleniu wiąże się z powrotem wojny jako centralnej figury ramującej świat, w którym przyszło nam żyć.
Wojna w Ukrainie uruchomiła również głębokie procesy, w których centrum stoi dekolonizacja. Dekolonizowanie polityki Rosji, rosyjskiego imperializmu i rosyjskiej kultury (jej „niewinności”) nie jest jednak – znów – wyabstrahowanym z szerszego tła gestem, lecz na naszych oczach staje się częścią zwrotu, którego celem jest przywrócenie epistemicznej sprawiedliwości.
Dekolonizować oznacza być nieposłusznym. Pojęcie nieposłuszeństwa przenosi nas, ponownie, do szkoły: tam, gdzie przyswajamy wiedzę i jesteśmy przyuczani do bycia posłusznymi. Jednocześnie dekolonizacja wiąże się z uświadomieniem sobie konieczności wyjścia poza wyuczone i przyjmowane a priori ramy, kategorie i pojęcia. „Powrót do szkoły” następuje jednak nie po to, by kontynuować naukę, lecz by oduczyć się tego, co z takim trudem nauczone. Po 24 lutego 2022 roku jesteśmy obserwatorami tego przyśpieszonego procesu.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УТИЛИЗАЦИИ ОКСИДОВ УГЛЕРОДА, ОБРАЗУЮЩИХСЯ В ПРОЦЕССАХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ВОДОРОДА
Authors: Абульфаз Бабаев, Асмар Гасанзаде Абульфаз Бабаев, Асмар Гасанзаде
Published: February 2024

Исследования по утилизации оксидов углерода, образующихся в процессах производства водорода, важны для решения экологических проблем, связанных с производством этого чистого носителя энергии. В исследовании изучаются методы управления побочными продуктами углекислого газа (CO2) и окиси углерода (CO) с упором на их эффективную и устойчивую утилизацию. В исследовании рассматриваются различные подходы, включая традиционные методы улавливания и хранения углерода (УХУ), новые технологии, такие как прямой улавливание воздуха и электрохимическое преобразование, а также оценку экономического и экологического воздействия. Цель состоит в том, чтобы внести свой вклад в разработку руководящих принципов и передовых практик, в конечном итоге повысить экологическую устойчивость водородных технологий и поддержать переход к низкоуглеродной экономике.
Ключевые слова: производство голубого водорода, сорбция, усиленное паровое преобразование метана, улавливание углерода.
STUDY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE EXPLOITATION OF RARE
ELEMENTS
Authors: Vahid Hamzayev Vahid Hamzayev
Published: February 2024

The presented article is devoted to the investigation of changes in the environment caused by the exploitation of deposits of rare elements in different ways. As is known, significant changes occur in the environment during exploitation of mineral deposits. For instance, air pollution with various emissions, formation of depressions, and etc. It is necessary to implement complex measures to prevent such situations. Extraction of rare elements is a very important. These elements are applied in various fields of industry. The article provides general information about rare elements, the methods used in obtaining, and separating of rare elements are shown. The fields of application of rare and rare-earth elements are shown in more detail. The distribution of rare-earth elements in the earth’s crust and the amount of these elements produced by the countries of the world is shown. Environmental changes during the exploitation of deposits, and also the effects of these elements on the human body were investigated. The results are discussed at the end of the article. Issues such as implementation of intensive control of changes in the environment during exploitation of mineral deposits, application of machines and equipment that meet safety standards, and recultivation of disturbed lands were specially emphasized. In addition, the importance of neutralization of radioactive waste is noted.
Keywords: environmental protection, rare elements, exploitation, rare-earth elements, minerals.
Practical Talbot wavemeter
Authors: Suksawat Nattawut , Buathong Sitti , Deachapunya Sarayut
Published: February 2024

A wavemeter using the near-field Talbot diffraction is simplified. High accuracy wavelength measurement can be obtained from each spacing between two adjacent maximum intensities of the periodicity along multiples of the Talbot distance. Our experimental results are confirmed by our calculations. In contrast to the previous works, we use a diffraction grating with sufficiently large grating period. Therefore, the setup is practical and the pixel size of camera used to measure the interference pattern can be large. Moreover, the obtained Talbot patterns are sharp without using a post-image processing. According to our recent setup, we use the grating with a period of 12.5 μm. With visible light lasers, the Talbot distances are in the range of a few hundred of micrometers. These distances are much larger than a pixel size of normal camera. An external cavity diode laser with rubidium saturated absorption spectroscopy is used to calibrate our setup. High accuracy at 1 pm can be achieved.
Study, simulation and detection of glucose concentrations through a biochip based on two-dimensional photonic crystals
Authors: Bella Mourad , Ghoumazi Mehdi , Slimani Ghania , Benatia Djamel
Published: February 2024

A biochip is made from a two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide and a rhombus shape that acts as a resonator. This biochip is a sensor that can detect different concentrations of glucose with amounts of 10, 20 and 60% in water. Here, we studied and simulated the concentrations of glucose, which have a refractive index n of 1.3477, 1.3635 and 1.4394, respectively. To identify these quantities, we have proposed a square lattice structure formed by silicon rods with a n = 3.46. With the help of these dielectric rods immersed in the air, it was possible to analyze the detection characteristics. Our results are examined according to COMSOL software by using the PWE method and the finite element method in order to have the PBG and which helped us to create the structure and extract the propagation at resonance, the field norm, the total energy density (TED), the power flow norm (PFN), the transmission and the sensitivity. The concentrations of glucose in water answered yes to the variations for each of the E-field, the TED, the PFN and the sensitivity. These variations are due to the radius r and refractive index n of each concentration used. This structure can help with diabetes self-monitoring.
Creation of vector Bessel beams with arbitrary polarization modes using mode extraction principle
Authors: Lingyu Wang  , Xiaojie Sun  , Guanxue Wang  , Xiangyu Kang  , Ziyan Li  , Xiumin Gao  , Songlin Zhuang
Published: February 2024

According to the current research on polarization generation methods, it is difficult to create multi-mode vector Bessel beams in free space by extracting arbitrary polarization modes from a single beam. This is due to the fact that the polarization and phase distributions between multiple polarization modes can interfere with each other. In this paper, the mode extraction principle is combined with the optical pen technique to extract arbitrary polarization modes from a single Bessel beam, and the number, position and phase of Bessel beams can be arbitrarily regulated to achieve the multi-mode coexistence of vector Bessel beams in free space. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. This work is not only important for the in-depth study of vector Bessel beams, but also will facilitate the development of optical manipulation, optical communication, microscopic imaging and other applications.
Design of aspheric spectacle lenses using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm
Authors: Huazhong Xiang  , Qihui Ding  , Nianning Li  , Xin Zhang  , Peng Wang  , Hongtao Li  , Zexi Zheng  , Dawei Zhang
Published: February 2024

Significance: An effective algorithm for optimization of lens parameter can greatly eliminate the aberration and reduce the thickness, making the wearer more comfortable. Aim: We proposed a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) for generating sets of base curves and aspheric coefficients to minimize the residual astigmatism and aberration of the lenses, while satisfying the constraints on the lens thickness and power. Approach: By simulating natural selection using the NSGA-II algorithm, the design parameters considered the inventory of the semi-finished blank. A comparison of aspheric and spherical spectacle lenses with –8 diopters was designed, simulated, processed, and measured. Results: The measured spherical and cylindrical power distributions were consistent with the simulated results with corrected oblique astigmatism and distortion. Conclusions: The aspheric spectacle lenses had the required aesthetic shape and weight reduction compared to a spherical lenses of the same power. It is verified that this paper puts forward an effective NSGA-II algorithm for the optimization of lens parameters.
Electrowetting-based beam scanner with controllable field of view
Authors: Rui Zhao  , Kai Zhang  , Songfeng Kou  , Xian Wei  , Zhongcheng Liang
Published: February 2024

A beam scanner based on electrowetting with controllable field of view is designed. Depending on the first-order paraxial approximation, the scanning path and scanning radius of the beam scanner are derived. Its physical model and properties are established and analyzed with the help of by using the COMSOL and MATLAB. The results show that the scanning beam emitting from the beam scanner realizes 360° scanning freely, and its controllable field of view varies from 0 to 65.3 m successfully under the action of working voltage. The two liquid interfaces in the beam scanner can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise independently, and their inclination angle ranges from 0° to 45°. When the two liquid interfaces turn in the same direction, the scanning effect of edge field is better than that of the central zone. While the scanning effect of the central area is greatly improved and better than that of the edge field when the two liquid interfaces turn in the different direction. In addition, the rotation frequencies of the two interfaces affect the performance of the beam scanner.
Pengaruh Metode Sosiodrama Terhadap Kemampuan Sosial Emosional Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Nur Fadila Pulumoduyo  , Nunung Suryana Jamin  , Waode Eti Hardiyanti
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to improve the social emotional abilities of children aged 5-6 years through the sociodrama method in Popodu Village, Bolaang Uki District, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency. This research is quantitative research with experimental research methods. The research design used in this research is one group pretest-posttest design. The results of this research were 20 children as subjects. From the calculation results on the pretest it was 14.55 and on the post-test it was 29.55. t test with a significance level of 0.05. The Tcount test result is 19.809 and the Ttable result = 0.05: dk = n-1 (20-1=19) is 1.725, thus Tcount is greater than Ttable (Tcount = 19.809 ≥ Ttable = 1.725). Based on the test criteria that accept Ha: if Tcount ≥ Ttable =0.05; n-1, it can be stated that there is an influence of the sociodrama method on children's social emotional abilities.