bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Metabolic and Gut Microbiota Modulation Activities of Probiotic in Cardiac Remodeling Condition: Evidence from Systematic Study and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Yusuf Muhammad , Ambari Ade Meidian , Del Rosario Puling Imke Maria , Ibrahim Filzatuz Zahro , Hardinsyah Hardinsyah , Kurniawan Rudy , Gunawan William Ben , Mayulu Nelly , Joseph Victor F. F. , Sabrina Nindy , Rizal Mochammad , Tallei Trina Ekawati , Kim Bonglee , Tsopmo Apollinaire , Nurkolis Fahrul
Published: June 2023

Heart failure (HF) is a global pandemic with increasing prevalence and mortality rates annually. Its main cause is myocardial infarction (MI), followed by rapid cardiac remodeling. Several clinical studies have shown that probiotics can improve the quality of life and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing HF caused by a MI according to a prospectively registered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42023388870). Four independent evaluators independently extracted the data using predefined extraction forms and evaluated the eligibility and accuracy of the studies. A total of six studies consisting of 366 participants were included in the systematic review. Probiotics are not significant in intervening left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) when compared between the intervention group and the control group due to inadequate studies supporting its efficacy. Among sarcopenia indexes, hand grip strength (HGS) showed robust correlations with the Wnt biomarkers (p < 0.05), improved short physical performance battery (SPPB) scores were also strongly correlated with Dickkopf-related protein (Dkk)-3, followed by Dkk-1, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) (p < 0.05). The probiotic group showed improvement in total cholesterol (p = 0.01) and uric acid (p = 0.014) compared to the baseline. Finally, probiotic supplements may be an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, metabolic, and intestinal microbiota modulator in cardiac remodeling conditions. Probiotics have great potential to attenuate cardiac remodeling in HF or post-MI patients while also enhancing the Wnt signaling pathway which can improve sarcopenia under such conditions.
Progress and prospects in research and clinical practice of hormone receptor-positive, HER-2-negative breast cancer with BRCA1/2 mutations
Authors: Yan Shunchao , Imam Murshid
Published: June 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that is the most common cancer in women worldwide. However, precise subtyping and corresponding treatments have improved patient outcomes. Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-negative (HR+/HER2-) BC with BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations (BRCA1/2m) is a unique BC subset with dual drivers: homologous recombination deficiency and hormone receptor signaling. Wild-type BRCA1/2 suppresses estrogen receptor-mediated signaling. Loss-of-function mutations in BRCA1/2 release estrogen receptor suppression, leading to reduced sensitivity to endocrine therapy. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) exert antitumor effects against this subtype and can be used in combination with endocrine therapy. Although PARPis have been evaluated in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, their efficacy against HR+/HER2- BC has not been clearly established. The present review summarizes recent advances and prospects in the progress of the HR+/HER2-/BRCA1/2m subgroup. As such, this article provides theoretical guidance for future research and promotes the use of PARPis for the treatment of HR+/HER2-/BRCA1/2m BC.
Mixed Market Structure and R &D: A Differential Game Approach
Authors: Yanase Akihiko , Long Ngo Van
Published: June 2023

We consider a dynamic model of an industry consisting of a few large firms, which can manipulate the market outcome, and a mass of small enterprises, each of which has a negligible impact on the market. The production costs of the respective firms depend on the stock of knowledge capital, which accumulates over time through research and development (R &D) investment made by large firms. The model is a variant of the differential game of voluntary provision of public goods, but in contrast to previous studies, we focus on the interaction between market competition and dynamic game outcomes. We derive both open-loop and Markov-perfect Nash equilibria. There exists a unique open-loop Nash equilibrium. By contrast, depending on the parameters of the model, there can be two linear Markov-perfect Nash equilibria. We also examine the short- and long-run effects of a change in the number of large firms. An increase in the number of large firms unambiguously harms both types of firms in the short run but may benefit them in the long run. In the open-loop Nash equilibrium, the relationship between the number of large firms and the steady-state stock of knowledge capital is inverted-U shaped. Concerning the Markov-perfect Nash equilibria, the effect of increased competition from large firms depends on the specific feedback strategy chosen in equilibrium.
Annexin A9 promotes cell proliferation by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lu Xuemei , Hu Liqiang , Mao Jiayan , Zhang Shufen , Cai Ying , Chen Wei
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Expression of Annexin A9 (ANXA9), a member of the annexin A family, is upregulated in CRC. However, the molecular role of ANXA9 in CRC remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the function of ANXA9 and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its regulation in CRC. In this study, mRNA expression data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEPIA database, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to analyze the survival rates. LinkedOmics and Metascape databases were used to explore the potential mechanisms of regulation of ANXA9 and to identify genes co-expressed with ANXA9. Finally, in vitro experiments were used to evaluate the function of ANXA9 and explore potential mechanisms. We found that ANXA9 expression was significantly elevated in CRC tissue and cells. High ANXA9 expression was associated with shorter overall survival, poorer disease specific survival, as well as with patient age, clinical stage, M stage, and OS events in CRC. Knockdown of ANXA9 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migratory potential, and cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, functional analysis revealed that genes co-expressed with ANXA9 were mainly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway. ANXA9 deletion suppressed cell proliferation via the Wnt signaling pathway, while Wnt activation reversed the effects of ANXA9. In conclusion, ANXA9 may promote CRC progression by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway and may be a potential diagnostic biomarker in the clinical management of CRC.
Prospects for the transformation and development of carbon storage in abandoned mines of coal enterprises from the perspective of carbon neutrality
Authors: Lyu Xin , Zhang Tong , Yuan Liang , Fang Juejing
Published: June 2023

Under the carbon neutrality goal, coal enterprises must seek breakthroughs from abandoned mines, develop new resources in the new era, turn problems into countermeasures, and participate in the carbon emissions market, for contributing to the accomplishment of the national strategic goal of carbon neutrality. To this end, we investigated the relevant national policies and regulations to clarify the boundaries disclosed by the carbon information of enterprises, understood the development direction of carbon storage in abandoned mines, and clarified the transformation and development of carbon storage in abandoned mines. We made a few suggestions: (1) China should learn from its past experience and other countries to develop the energy industry with Chinese characteristics and reform the economic system. (2) Coal enterprises must actively respond to the national carbon information disclosure policy, clarify their own responsibilities and carbon emission boundaries. (3) It is necessary to proactively obtain advanced knowledge and plan carbon storage pathways for abandoned mines. (4) Development problems of coal enterprises should be deduced using cases. The ‘dual carbon’ goals should be achieved steadily step-by-step. (5) Three measures, i.e. improving the existing resource structure, coordinating the information of abandoned mines, and promoting the cultivation of scientific and technological talents.
Health care impact of implementing a clinical pathway for acute care of pediatric concussion: a stepped wedge, cluster randomised trial
Authors: Yeates Keith Owen , Barlow Karen M. , Wright Bruce , Tang Ken , Barrett Olesya , Berdusco Edward , Black Amanda M. , Clark Brenda , Conradi Alf , Godfrey Heather , Kolstad Ashley T. , Ly Anh , Mikrogianakis Angelo , Purser Ross , Schneider Kathryn , Stang Antonia S. , Zemek Roger , Zwicker Jennifer D. , Johnson David W.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To test the effects of actively implementing a clinical pathway for acute care of pediatric concussion on health care utilization and costs.

Methods

Stepped wedge, cluster randomized trial of a clinical pathway, conducted in 5 emergency departments (ED) in Alberta, Canada from February 1 to November 30, 2019. The clinical pathway emphasized standardized assessment of risk for persistent symptoms, provision of consistent information to patients and families, and referral for outpatient follow-up. De-identified administrative data measured 6 outcomes: ED return visits; outpatient follow-up visits; length of ED stay, including total time, time from triage to physician initial assessment, and time from physician initial assessment to disposition; and total physician claims in an episode of care.

Results

A total of 2878 unique patients (1164 female, 1713 male) aged 5–17 years (median 11.00, IQR 8, 14) met case criteria. They completed 3009 visits to the 5 sites and 781 follow-up visits to outpatient care, constituting 2910 episodes of care. Implementation did not alter the likelihood of an ED return visit (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.39, 1.52), but increased the likelihood of outpatient follow-up visits (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.19, 2.85). Total length of ED stay was unchanged, but time from physician initial assessment to disposition decreased significantly (mean change − 23.76 min, 95% CI − 37.99, − 9.52). Total physician claims increased significantly at only 1 of 5 sites.

Conclusions

Implementation of a clinical pathway in the ED increased outpatient follow-up and reduced the time from physician initial assessment to disposition, without increasing physician costs. Implementation of a clinical pathway can align acute care of pediatric concussion more closely with existing clinical practice guidelines while making care more efficient.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05095012.
Investigating the evolution of gaseous air pollutants with prevailing meteorology across selected sites within a pollution hotspot in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Omokungbe Opeyemi R. , Olufemi Ayodele P. , Toyeje Adekunle B. , Abiodun Pelumi O.
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the evolution of gaseous pollutants with prevailing meteorology using a network of Alpha sense low-cost portable air monitoring devices deployed to six selected sampling sites namely the Iron steel smelting factory (ISSF), Modomo, Eleweran, Fire service station, staff quarters, and OAU Teaching and research farm (OAUTRF). All six sampling sites were chosen along the pollution hotspot in Ile-Ife. The low-cost sensor has Optical particle counters (OPC-N2) which measured particulate matter and the gaseous pollutants were monitored with electrochemical sensors. At the sites, each sensor unit measured gaseous pollutants: carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO2). Inbuilt into the monitoring device are temperature and relative humidity (RH) probes as well as a 2-D sonic anemometer to measure wind speed and directions. The directional dependence of the local source of the gaseous pollutant affecting each site was determined using the conditional probability function (CPF) model. The results showed that the highest mean values of 470.6 ppm, 7.2 ppb, and 20.6 ppb for CO2, NO, and NO2, respectively were recorded at the Modomo site while ISSF and Fire service sites were found to have the highest mean values of 67.9 ppb and 517.6 ppb, respectively for O3and CO during the observational period. The mean values for temperature were noticed to increase in trend from OAUTRF (24.9 °C) to ISSF (26.0 °C). Also, CO2gave a good relationship with meteorological parameters with R2value ranging from 0.26 to 0.89 in all the sampling sites except ISSF. On contrary, weak relationships were found between the meteorological variables and other gaseous pollutants other than CO2for both day and nighttime periods. The CPF model indicated that a larger percentage of the elevated O3, NO and NO2were associated with pollutant transport at wind speed$$>2 m/s$$>2m/sdue to low event number. This study concludes that there is evidence of a significant effect of meteorological parameters on the gaseous pollutants as observed, while, the CPF plot shows a good agreement with the location of known pollution sources.
Global Health Worker Migration
Authors: Walton-Roberts Margaret
Published: June 2023

International skilled heath worker migration is a key feature of the global economy, a major contributor to socio-economic development and reflective of the transnationalization of health and elder care that is underway in most OECD nations. The distribution of care and health workforce planning has previously been analysed solely within national contexts, but increasingly scholars have shown how care deficits are being addressed through transnational responses. This Element examines the complex processes that feed health worker migrants into global circulation, the losses and gains associated with such mobility and examples of good practices, where migrants, sending and destination communities experience the best possible outcomes. It will approach this issue through the lens of problems, and solutions, making connections across the micro, meso and macro within and across the sections.
Monotheism and Social Justice
Authors: Gnuse Robert Karl
Published: June 2023

The rise of monotheistic religious faith in ancient Israel and post-exilic Judaism inspired the imperative for social justice on behalf of the poor and the oppressed. Though some authors have maintained that monotheism inspires tyranny, this author maintains that real monotheistic faith affirms justice and human equality. This can be evidenced by a consideration of the Old Testament prophets and Law. Especially with the law we may observe a progression in the attempt to provide increasing rights for the poor and the oppressed.
Monotheism and the Suffering of Animals in Nature
Authors: Southgate Christopher
Published: June 2023

This Element concerns itself with a particular aspect of the problem posed to monotheistic religious thought by suffering, namely the suffering of non-human creatures in nature. It makes some comparisons between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and then explores the problem in depth within Christian thought. After clarification of the nature of the problem, the Element considers a range of possible responses, including those based on a fall-event, those based on freedom of process, and those hypothesising a constraint on the possibilities for God as creator. Proposals based on the motif of self-emptying are evaluated. Two other aspects of the question concern God's providential relationship to the evolving creation, and the possibility of resurrection lives for animals. After consideration of the possibility of combining different explanations, the Element ends its discussion by looking at two innovative proposals at the cutting-edge of the debate.
Two decades of mass-balance observations on Aldegondabreen, Spitsbergen: interannual variability and sensitivity to climate change
Authors: Terekhov Anton , Prokhorova Uliana , Verkulich Sergey , Demidov Vasiliy , Sidorova Olga , Anisimov Mikhail , Romashova Kseniia
Published: June 2023

Aldegondabreen is a relatively small (5.3 km2) land-terminating glacier located in Nordeskiöld Land of Svalbard, ~10 km southwest of Barentsburg. Cumulative mass balance during 2002–20 equalled −21.79 m w.e., which corresponds to 37% of the total mass loss. The annual mass balance (Ba) varied from −0.24 to −2.19 m w.e., while the winter mass balance (Bw) ranged between 0.36 and 0.85 m w.e. Ba and Bw were strongly correlated with the positive degree-day sums and solid precipitation amounts, respectively, measured at the Barentsburg weather station. There was also a strong correlation (r = 0.76) between Ba and Bw, which shows that winter accumulation amplifies the consecutive summer ice melt by changing the surface albedo. The trend in both observational series is not detectable because the period from 2005 to 2013 was characterized by relatively high Bw and not very negative Ba values. This was also observed on the other Svalbard glaciers, and was related to prevailing north-westerly flows over Svalbard during the summer. Therefore, the decadal periodicity of the Aldegondabreen mass balance follows general archipelago patterns that are determined by regional-scale factors. Thus, the surface mass-balance time series, which is now the longest one in the central part of the Spitsbergen Island, is representative for the archipelago.
Diagnostic stewardship for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing using computerized physician order entry
Authors: Wilber Eli P. , Adhyaru Bhavin B. , Wang Yun F. , Sellars-Williams Celeste , Rebolledo Paulina A.
Published: June 2023

Altering the appearance of a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) interface reduces misuse of an HIV diagnostic test by 87%, demonstrating that CPOE design is a key component of diagnostic stewardship. Collaboration between infectious disease providers, clinical laboratorians, and information technology (IT) professionals can result in improved quality and decreased costs.
‘Our Classes Are Like Mainstream School Now’: Implementing Universal Design for Learning at a Special School
Authors: Cumming Therese M. , Gilanyi Lisa
Published: June 2023

Students with emotional and behavioural disability who receive their education in special settings often do not have access to the curriculum through evidence-based pedagogies, such as direct instruction, and instead complete packets of worksheets or participate in distance education. The current study was a collaborative action research project involving a special school for students with emotional disability and a local university to examine the effects of replacing online distance education with in-person direct instruction underpinned by Universal Design for Learning. Researchers sought to discover teacher and student perceptions of Universal Design for Learning, enablers and barriers to its implementation, and its effect on attendance and behaviour. Results suggested satisfaction on the part of both students and teachers and a positive effect of Universal Design for Learning on both attendance and behaviour.
A Fast Track to Social Rights? Passported Benefits and Administrative Burden
Authors: Tarshish Noam , Gal John , Holler Roni , Benish Avishai , Dahan Momi
Published: June 2023

Passported benefits are additional benefits provided to individual or households based on a previous eligibility to a “primary” social security benefit. Although passported benefits should be easier to claim, in reality the claiming process is often cumbersome and results in low take-up. Drawing on an Israeli case study, we offer a conceptual framework to categorize and analyse the varieties of passported benefits along five dimensions: the eligibility role of primary cash benefits; automation level; legal status; type of service delivery; and the degree of decentralization. The administrative burden literature is employed to make sense of the paradox of passported benefits becoming a site for administrative burden. Using our conceptual framework and drawing on interviews with officials and claimants, we demonstrate why some passported benefits are more user-friendly while others tend to become administratively burdensome.
Minimum required accuracy for HD maps
Authors: Křehlík Štěpán , Vanžura Marek , Skokan Adam
Published: June 2023

Autonomous vehicles rely on a combination of sensors for safe navigation around the world. For precise localisation, high-definition (HD) maps are used. These maps are a representation of the world containing information about objects on the road infrastructure. Currently, there are tens of HD map makers, however, no rigorous description of the requirements for the accuracy of HD maps has been published yet. This study fills the gap and offers a mathematical description of the minimum required accuracy for HD maps. In the first part, we identify factors that influence the quality of a map. Based on that, we proceed to present our solution for determining the minimum required accuracy for HD maps, both for static and dynamic models, and present a new formula for the minimum necessary accuracy for HD maps.
Testing the temporal precedence of family functioning and child psychopathology in the LONGSCAN sample
Authors: Serna Ashley , Thakur Hena , Cohen Joseph R. , Briley D. A.
Published: June 2023

Family functioning may serve as protective or risk factors in the development of youth psychopathology. However, few studies have examined the potentially reciprocal relation between child psychopathology and family functioning. To fill this gap in the literature, this study tested for time-ordered associations between measures of family functioning (e.g., cohesion, conflict, and emotional expressiveness) and child psychopathology (e.g., total behavior problems, externalizing, and internalizing problems) using data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN; N = 1143, 52.3% female, Nwaves = 5). We used a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model to identify whether child psychopathology preceded and predicted family functioning, the reverse, or both processes occurred simultaneously. At the between-person level, families who tended to have more cohesion, who lacked conflict, and who expressed their emotions had lower levels of child psychopathology. At the within-person level in childhood, we found minimal evidence for time-ordered associations. In adolescence, however, a clear pattern whereby early psychopathology consistently predicted subsequent family functioning emerged, and the reverse direction was rarely found. Results indicate a complex dynamic relation between the family unit and child that have important implications for developmental models that contextualize risk and resilience within the family unit.
Patterns of childhood maltreatment influence sleep quality: The role of emotion regulation
Authors: Liu Sihan , Ahemaitijiang Nigela , Xu Jianjie , Liu Yang , Chen Lu , Han Zhuo Rachel
Published: June 2023

Childhood maltreatment exerts long-term consequences on sleep health, and different subtypes could constitute maltreatment patterns. However, how naturally occurring patterns of childhood maltreatment affect subsequent sleep quality and the underlying mechanisms remain relatively unclear, particularly in youths undergoing a transitional period and in the Chinese cultural context. In this study, we identified childhood maltreatment patterns and explored how these patterns predicted sleep problems through differential emotion regulation strategies. We tracked 1929 Chinese youths (Mage = 18.49; 63.1% females) for one year. Three latent profiles were identified: low maltreatment exposure, high physical and emotional maltreatment, and high sexual abuse. Compared with “low maltreatment exposure,” youths in “high physical and emotional maltreatment” used fewer cognitive reappraisal strategies, and those in “high sexual abuse” used more expressive suppression, and then leading to more sleep problems. This study reveals new insights into the patterns of childhood maltreatment in Chinese youths and implies that individuals exposed to sexual abuse or a combination of physical and emotional maltreatment experience sleep problems through the impairment of differential emotion regulation processes. It also highlights the necessity of setting differential targets on emotion regulation strategies for distinct groups of maltreatment and considering the co-occurrence of physical and emotional maltreatment.
Caregiver perceptions of nutrition interventions in infants and children under 24 months of age: a systematic review
Authors: Stelle Isabella , Kinshella Mai-Lei Woo , Moore Sophie E
Published: June 2023

Objective:

Efficacy studies show early nutrition interventions improving infant nutrition status, but understanding caregiver acceptability is required for implementation of such interventions. This systematic review examines caregivers’ perceptions of nutrition interventions in young children.

Design:

We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsychINFO from date of online journal inception through December 2020. Interventions included oral (powder/liquid/tablet) and/or intravenous supplementation, food fortification and nutrition counselling. Inclusion criteria included primary research, data presented on caregiver perception and studies published in English. Quality assessment was performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. Studies underwent narrative synthesis using inductive thematic analysis.

Setting:

No restriction.

Participants:

Caregivers of children under 24 months of age.

Results:

Of 11 798 records identified, thirty-seven publications were included. Interventions included oral supplementation, food fortification and nutrition counselling. Caregivers included mothers (83 %), fathers, grandparents and aunts. Perceptions were gathered through individual interviews, focus group discussions, questionnaires, surveys and ratings. Totally, 89 % of studies noted high acceptability (n 33 most notably increased appetite (n 17). In total, 57 % of studies (n 21) cited low acceptability, commonly from side effects (n 13) such as gastrointestinal issues, appetite loss and stained teeth.

Conclusions:

Positive perceptions and enthusiasm for interventions were frequently reported. Key to implementation was the increased appetite noted by caregivers. A substantial proportion of studies reported negative perceptions, mainly due to side effects. In future interventions, mitigation and education around common side effects are crucial for acceptability. Understanding both positive and negative caregiver perceptions is important for informing future nutrition interventions and strengthening sustainability and implementation.
Normative Foundations of Kant’s Cosmopolitan Right: The Overlooked Legacy of Kant’s Metaphysics of Nature
Authors: Massimi Michela
Published: June 2023

Kant’s philosophy of natural science has traditionally concentrated on a host of issues including the role of laws of nature and teleological judgements. However, so far, the literature has made virtually no contact with the no less important tradition in Kant’s legal and political philosophy. This article explores one aspect of such connection in relation to the normative foundations of Kant’s notion of cosmopolitan right. I argue that Kant’s argument for cosmopolitan right is based on two main premises: the first is what I call thelaw of equilibrium, and the second is thepremise of physical interaction(commerciumin Latin) at work behind what Kant called the original ‘community of land’. The article argues that the relevant notion of community quacommerciumshould be understood in the context of Kant’s metaphysics of nature as a ‘real community of substances’ governed by a dynamical law of equality of action and reaction. This metaphysical-causal interpretive reading has far-reaching implications for the foundations of cosmopolitan right and its scope of applicability well beyond Kant’s envisaged right to universal hospitality.
Patient-reported outcome measurement in palliative care: A hermeneutic narrative review
Authors: Collier Aileen , Spruijt Odette , Minton Ollie , Broom Alex
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Recent years have witnessed the rise of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in palliative care (PC), particularly those focused on the standardized measurement of symptom burden. These measures seek to evaluate the quality of PC through the quantification of various aspects of potential suffering (e.g., sleeplessness, loss of appetite, and pain). Further, drawing on patient experience, they provide a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of, and at times expanding, PC services. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretically informed normative critique of PROMS-PC through a critical engagement with heterogeneous literatures.

Methods

A hermeneutic narrative review underpinned by a view of “knowing” as an ongoing social accomplishment and inspired by complexity theory.

Results

This narrative review highlights some limitations to the development of PROMs, including the use of proxies to complete them, and how the outcomes may not always reflect either the character of PC or the key aspects of practice and experience therein.

Significance of results

In their current form, PROMs have the potential to skew understandings of service quality, for example, by privileging one aspect of quality, that is, physical symptoms over other aspects of quality such as communication with care providers.
Naldemedine-induced opioid withdrawal with restlessness as the predominant symptom in a palliative care setting
Authors: Sato Ryota , Ishida Mayumi , Uchida Nozomu , Sakimoto Takehiko , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Ooya Yoshitaka , Takahashi Takao , Onishi Hideki
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Opioid analgesics play a central role in cancer pain treatment; however, it has been reported that opioid-induced constipation (OIC) develops in 80% of patients using opioid analgesics and leads to a decrease in quality of life. Naldemedine improves constipation without affecting the analgesic action of opioid analgesics via peripheral μ-opioid receptors.

Methods

We report a terminally ill cancer patient who was diagnosed with opioid withdrawal syndrome (OWS) based on symptoms centered around restlessness and sweating that developed 43 days after administration of naldemedine for OIC.

Results

The patient was a 78-year-old woman who was diagnosed with stage IVB uterine sarcoma in October, 1 year prior to her visit to our clinic,  and underwent chemotherapy after surgery, but the disease became progressive. Thereafter, metastasis to the fourth thoracic vertebrae (Th4) was identified, and loxoprofen and acetaminophen were started for pain at the metastatic site. Oxycodone hydrochloride hydrate 10 mg/day was additionally administered on postoperative day 11, followed by naldemedine 0.2 mg/day for OIC. On the 43rd day after administration, the patient began to wander the hospital ward in a wheelchair and became noticeably restless. OWS due to naldemedine administration was suspected, and naldemedine was discontinued. The symptoms improved 7 days later, and no similar symptoms were observed thereafter.

Significance of results

Patients receiving palliative care often exhibit psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and depression, but OWS due to naldemedine should also be considered as a potential cause.
Strip cropping in organically managed vegetable systems: agronomic and environmental effects
Authors: Campanelli Gabriele , Iocola Ileana , Leteo Fabrizio , Montemurro Francesco , Platani Cristiano , Testani Elena , Canali Stefano
Published: June 2023

This study evaluated the agro-environmental and economic effectiveness of strips introduced in a diversified organic vegetable system. Two experiments of three experimental years (2018, 2019, 2020) were carried out within the 4-year rotation of MOnsampolo VEgetable organic Long-Term Experiment (MOVE LTE) in Central Italy to test strip cropping vs pure stand. The crop combinations in the two experiments were faba bean (Vicia faba L.)–tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) and common wheat (Triticum aestivum)–zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). We determined the productive and economic performances, disease and weed control, nutritional differences and effectiveness in returning carbon to the soil. The two strip cropping systems allowed a better use of resources, enhancing plant biomass and crop residues, particularly for tomato (+24%) and zucchini (+63%). However, the greater plant biomass did not always result in an increase in crop yields. For example, while the wheat–zucchini strip system showed a land equivalent ratio >1 in all three experimental years with a high yield performance in zucchini (+54% of yield), the faba bean–tomato system was more productive in strips only in 2018. On the contrary, this latter system contributed a carbon return >1 in all three experimental years. No significant differences between strip and pure stand systems were observed for fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) and oidium (Oidium spp.) diseases on tomato and zucchini crops, respectively, and for weed control. Lastly, greater labor costs associated in both experiments did not affect their profitability (+21% and +319% in faba bean–tomato and wheat–zucchini experiments, respectively). Overall, our findings pointed out that farmers could increase sustainability of their cropping systems with the introduction of a well-designed strip cropping system, which can lead to the reduction of economic risks, greater potential soil carbon and more efficient use of resources on the same land.
FINITE AXIOMATIZABILITY OF TRANSITIVE MODAL LOGICS OF FINITE DEPTH AND WIDTH WITH RESPECT TO PROPER-SUCCESSOR-EQUIVALENCE
Authors: ZHANG YAN , XU MING
Published: June 2023

This paper proves the finite axiomatizability of transitive modal logics of finite depth and finite width w.r.t. proper-successor-equivalence. The frame condition of the latter requires, in a rooted transitive frame, a finite upper bound of cardinality for antichains of points with different sets of proper successors. The result generalizes Rybakov’s result of the finite axiomatizability of extensions of
$\mathbf {S4}$
of finite depth and finite width.
Rites and Wrongs: Anglican Ceremonies after Legal Weddings, 1837–57
Authors: Probert Rebecca
Published: June 2023

The Marriage Act 1836 marked an important change in the rites required for a valid marriage, allowing couples to marry in a register office or registered place of worship. For some, however, these unfamiliar rites did not constitute a marriage at all, and in the early 1850s a particular controversy emerged regarding Anglican clergymen who ‘remarried’ couples who had already been legally married under the 1836 Act. This article examines three cases of such ‘remarriages’ and how two of the clergymen involved subsequently found themselves facing prosecution. It analyses the circumstances in which a rite might become a ‘wrong’ in the eyes of the law and traces the impact of these cases on the development of a new provision governing when an additional religious ceremony could take place and, more unexpectedly, on the form of register office weddings.
From Necrology to Eulogy? A Preacher memorializes his Father-in-Law
Authors: Binfield Clyde
Published: June 2023

Whether death is a passage or a terminus, an obituary can be an important accompaniment for the survivors. Victorian funerals were improved by sermons setting the deceased in the eye of eternity. Today's funerals prefer eulogies. The Congregational City Temple's Joseph Parker (1830–1902) was second only to the Baptist Metropolitan Tabernacle's Charles Haddon Spurgeon (1834–92) in popular estimation. Parker's father-in-law, Andrew Common (1815–96), bank manager, chapel deacon and active Liberal, was a type found nationwide. Parker and Common are placed in context, with Parker's commemoration of Common in the Evangelical Magazine as a prime focus for this article, balanced by his earlier extempore graveside appreciation of Common's kinsman Robert Teasdale (1809–83). What might be gleaned about their attitudes to life and death? Were these particular instances representative? Was the piece in the Evangelical Magazine a sermon slipping insensibly into eulogy, the occupational hazard of any preacher at such a moment?
Abuse and Neglect of Older Adults
Authors: Ballentine Noel H.
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Abuse and neglect of older adults is a pervasive global social issue resulting in harm to a vulnerable population. Because of the rapid increase in the number of dependent adults, elder abuse and neglect is likely to become even more pervasive. Recent years have shown improved research methodology, healthcare, and legislative responses. Improved understanding, narrowed definitions, and appreciation of the nuances, complexities, and varied settings in which older adult mistreatment occurs have resulted in the improved identification, intervention, and prevention of abuse and neglect in older adults.
Schlaf und Schlafstörungen
Authors: Seehagen Sabine , Schoppmann Johanna
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung: Schlaf ist ein hoch komplexer Zustand. Wie, wann und wie lange Menschen schlafen verändert sich stark über die Lebensspanne. In jeder Entwicklungsphase gibt es aber enge Zusammenhänge zwischen Schlaf- und Wachphasen. Aktuelle Befunde zeigen einerseits, dass Schlaf wesentliche Auswirkungen auf verschiedene Bereiche des menschlichen Erlebens und Verhaltens hat. Andererseits wirken sich Umweltfaktoren und individuelle Faktoren auf das Schlafverhalten aus. Diese komplexen bidirektionalen Zusammenhänge werden kurz- und langfristig sichtbar. Das Wissen über Schlaf und Schlafstörungen, ihre Ursachen und Konsequenzen, ist jedoch bei weitem nicht vollständig, insbesondere für die frühen Entwicklungsabschnitte. Die Beiträge in dem vorliegenden Themenheft adressieren aktuelle Forschungslücken zum Themenbereich Schlaf und Schlafprobleme im Entwicklungsverlauf, vom Säuglings- bis zum Jugendalter.
Separating the General and Content-Specific Components of Self-Reported Propensity for Mind-Wandering
Authors: Kowalczyk Marek , Klonowska Magdalena , Mikietyńska Agata
Published: June 2023

Abstract: People differ in the propensity to mind-wander, that is, the tendency to slip into thinking about something else than the task at hand or the happenings in the immediate environment. Research indicates that mind-wandering tends to be associated with negative emotional states and that it declines with increasing age in adulthood. A question arises whether these relationships are true of mind-wandering in general, independently of its content and affective tone, or just particular kinds of off-task thinking. Participants ( N = 218) aged 18–84 years filled out the Task-Unrelated Thoughts Questionnaire (TUTQ), a multidimensional instrument for measuring individual tendencies in mind-wandering, and several scales related to affective functioning. A bifactor model for the TUTQ was employed, encompassing a general factor and three orthogonal specific factors that referred to affectively different modes of off-task thinking. The scores on the general factor decreased with increasing age of the respondents, dispositional positive affect, and satisfaction with life, whereas they increased with increasing negative affect and emotional reactivity. Age and affect-related variables, including individual tendencies in emotion regulation, also predicted, selectively, the specific factors. Although methodologically and theoretically challenging, the bifactor model seems to be a promising tool for representing and exploring individual variability in mind-wandering.
Atmospherically Driven Seasonal and Interannual Variability in the Lagrangian Transport Time Scales of a Multiple‐Inlet Coastal System
Authors: Fajardo‐Urbina Jeancarlo M. , Arts Gijs , Gräwe Ulf , Clercx Herman J. H. , Gerkema Theo , Duran‐Matute Matias
Published: June 2023

Intense short‐term wind events can flush multiple‐inlet systems and even renew the water entirely. Nonetheless, little is known about the effect of wind variations at seasonal and interannual scales on the flushing of such systems. Here, we computed two Lagrangian transport time scales (LTTS), the residence and exposure times, for a multiple‐inlet system (the Dutch Wadden Sea) over 36 years using a realistic numerical model simulation. Our results reveal pronounced seasonal and interannual variability in both system‐wide LTTS. The seasonality of the LTTS is strongly anti‐correlated to the wind energy from the prevailing directions, which are from the southwesterly quadrant and coincidentally aligned with the geographical orientation of the system. This wind energy, which is stronger in autumn‐winter than in spring‐summer, triggers strong flushing (and hence low values of the LTTS) during autumn‐winter. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Scandinavia Pattern (SCAN) are shown to be the main drivers of interannual variability in the local wind and, ultimately, in both LTTS. However, this coupling is much more efficient during autumn‐winter when these patterns show larger values and variations. During these seasons, a positive NAO and a negative SCAN induce stronger winds in the prevailing directions, enhancing the flushing efficiency of the system. The opposite happens during positive SCAN and negative NAO, when weaker flushing during autumn‐winter is observed. Thus, large‐scale atmospheric patterns strongly affect the interannual variability in flushing and are potential drivers of the long‐term ecology and functioning of multiple‐inlet systems.
Alprazolam modulates persistence energy during emotion processing in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia: a network control study
Authors: Mahadevan Arun S. , Cornblath Eli J. , Lydon-Staley David M. , Zhou Dale , Parkes Linden , Larsen Bart , Adebimpe Azeez , Kahn Ari E. , Gur Ruben C. , Gur Raquel E. , Satterthwaite Theodore D. , Wolf Daniel H. , Bassett Dani S.
Published: June 2023

Schizophrenia is marked by deficits in facial affect processing associated with abnormalities in GABAergic circuitry, deficits also found in first-degree relatives. Facial affect processing involves a distributed network of brain regions including limbic regions like amygdala and visual processing areas like fusiform cortex. Pharmacological modulation of GABAergic circuitry using benzodiazepines like alprazolam can be useful for studying this facial affect processing network and associated GABAergic abnormalities in schizophrenia. Here, we use pharmacological modulation and computational modeling to study the contribution of GABAergic abnormalities toward emotion processing deficits in schizophrenia. Specifically, we apply principles from network control theory to model persistence energy – the control energy required to maintain brain activation states – during emotion identification and recall tasks, with and without administration of alprazolam, in a sample of first-degree relatives and healthy controls. Here, persistence energy quantifies the magnitude of theoretical external inputs during the task. We find that alprazolam increases persistence energy in relatives but not in controls during threatening face processing, suggesting a compensatory mechanism given the relative absence of behavioral abnormalities in this sample of unaffected relatives. Further, we demonstrate that regions in the fusiform and occipital cortices are important for facilitating state transitions during facial affect processing. Finally, we uncover spatial relationships (i) between regional variation in differential control energy (alprazolam versus placebo) and (ii) both serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitter systems, indicating that alprazolam may exert its effects by altering neuromodulatory systems. Together, these findings provide a new perspective on the distributed emotion processing network and the effect of GABAergic modulation on this network, in addition to identifying an association between schizophrenia risk and abnormal GABAergic effects on persistence energy during threat processing.
The Southern European Atlantic diet and depression risk: a European multicohort study
Authors: Carballo-Casla Adrián , Stefler Denes , Ortolá Rosario , Chen Yuntao , Knuppel Anika , Ruiz Milagros , Kozela Magdalena , Kubinova Ruzena , Pajak Andrzej , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Brunner Eric J. , Bobak Martin
Published: June 2023

The Southern European Atlantic diet (SEAD) is the traditional dietary pattern of north-western Spain and northern Portugal, but it may resemble that of other European countries. The SEAD has been found associated with lower risk for myocardial infarction and mortality. Since dietary patterns may also influence mental health, we examined the association between the SEAD and depression risk in southern, central, eastern, and western European populations. We conducted a prospective analysis of five cohorts (13,297 participants aged 45–92 years, free of depression at baseline): Seniors-ENRICA-1 and Seniors-ENRICA-2 (Spain), HAPIEE (Czechia and Poland), and Whitehall-II (United Kingdom). The SEAD comprised cod, other fresh fish, red meat and pork products, dairy, legumes and vegetables, vegetable soup, potatoes, whole-grain bread, and moderate wine consumption. Depression at follow-up was defined according to presence of depressive symptoms (based on available scales), use of prescribed antidepressants, inpatient admissions, or self-reported diagnosis. Associations were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary variables. During a median follow-up of 3.9 years (interquartile range 3.4–4.9), there were 1437 new depression cases. Higher adherence to the SEAD was associated with lower depression risk in the pooled sample. Individual food groups showed a similar tendency, albeit non-significant. The fully adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) per 1-standard deviation increment in the SEAD was 0.91 (0.86, 0.96). This association was rather consistent across countries [Spain = 0.86 (0.75, 0.99), Czechia = 0.86 (0.75, 0.99), Poland = 0.97 (0.89, 1.06), United Kingdom = 0.85 (0.75, 0.97); p for interaction = 0.24], and was of similar magnitude as that found for existing healthy dietary patterns. In conclusion, the SEAD was associated with lower depression risk across European populations. This may support the development of mood disorder guidelines for Southern European Atlantic regions based on their traditional diet, and for central, eastern, and western European populations based on the SEAD food groups that are culturally rooted in these places.