bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization and horizontal transfer of class 1 integrons in Escherichia coli isolates from cooked meat products
Authors: Yu Tao , Zhang Jiayang , Jiang Xiaobing , Wu Junmei , Dai Zhigang , Wu Zhenbin , Liang Yu , Wang Xuannian
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium in humans, animals, and the environment that is one of the microorganisms commonly resistant to antimicrobials. Cooked meat products, which are popular in China, are easily contaminated by E. coli during processing and storage. Methodology: In this study, a total of 75 E. coli isolates from cooked meat products in Henan province, China, were assayed for the presence of and horizontal transfer of class 1 integrons. Results: Class 1 integrons were detected in 11 (14.7%) of these isolates, and contained four groups of resistance gene cassettes, including dfrA17-aadA5, dfrA1-aadA1, dfrA12-orfF-aadA2, and an uncommon array of aacA4-catB8-aadA1. The transfer frequency of selected integron-positve donors ranged from 10-6 to 10-4 transconjugants per recipient cell, and the integron-containing DNA from the donors could be transferred to E. coli J53Azr with the transformation frequency of 10-7 to 10-5. Conclusions: Class 1 integrons could be transferred to recipient E. coli J53 by conjugation and natural transformation. These findings suggest the role of commensal E. coli isolates from cooked meats as an important reservoir for integrons and the possible transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes to humans via the food chain.
Molecular analysis of the adaptive response in Salmonella Typhimurium after starvation in salty conditions
Authors: Elabed Hamouda , Merghni Abderrahmen , Hamza Rim , Bakhrouf Amina , Gaddour Kamel
Published: January 2016

Introduction: The pathogenic bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium elicits a variety of genetic programs to adapt to stress conditions encountered within hostile environments such as host phagocytes and preserved food. Methodology: In this work, differential display (DD) methodology was used to investigate the effect of one month starvation in a salty microcosm (0.5 M NaCl) on transcript profiling in a Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 strain. cDNA fragments resulting from differentially expressed mRNA were eluted from the gel, re-amplified, cloned, and then sequenced. Results: A total of 21 differentially expressed bands were detected by DD reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, only 12 of them were successfully identified as upregulated genes in stressed cells. Based on the sequencing data and BLAST analysis, these genes were sopA, ssaD, yhhK, gmK, cspC, uspA, ompR, phoP, stcC, fimA, acrA,and yehZ. As a confirmation of the differential expression, RT-PCR was carried out using a set of specific primers. Remarkably, the expression levels of these genes were significantly increased in starved bacteria compared to standard laboratory conditions. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the starvation of Salmonella Typhimurium over one month in a salty microcosm changes the expression of stress proteins, response regulator in a two-component system, outer membrane proteins, effector proteins translocated by Salmonella pathogenicity island SPI1 and SPI2 type III secretion systems (TTSS), several metabolic enzymes, efflux pumps, and transport proteins. This suggests that the expression of the identified genes is important for the response of this pathogen to starvation in salt.
Necrotizing fasciitis due to Streptococcus mitis caused by accidental human bite
Authors: Bastug Aliye , Kislak Sumeyye , Mutlu Nevzat Mehmet , Akcaboy Zeynep Nur , Koksal Asude , Sertcelik Ahmet , Ünlü Ramazan Erkin , Akinci Esragul , Bodur Hurrem
Published: January 2016

Human bite wounds are more prone to infection than animal bites, which may cause necrotizing soft tissue infections such as myositis, fasciitis. Both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms may be responsible, including Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Peptostreptococcus spp. Necrotizing fasciitis is characterized by serious tissue destruction and systemic toxicity with high morbidity and mortality. We report a patient with Streptococcus mitis associated necrotizing fasciitis on the upper extremity resulting from an accidental human bite, which caused nearly fatal infection. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment should be given after a human bite to prevent infection. If the infection signs and symptoms develop, rapid diagnosis, appropriate antibiotic and surgical therapy should be administered immediately. Streptococcus mitis is a viridans streptococcus, usually known as a relatively benign oral streptococcus. To our knowledge, this is the first necrotizing fasciitis case due to Streptococcus mitis after human bite.
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase T-786C Mutation, Prothrombin Gene Mutation (G-20210-A) and Protein S Deficiency Could Lead to Myocardial Infarction in a Very Young Male Adult
Authors: Klincheva Milka , Ambarkova Vilarova Elena , Angjusheva Tanja , Milev Ivan , Idoski Enver , Mitrev Zan
Published: February 2016

INTRODUCTION: Myocardial infarction is a rare medical event in young people. The main reasons include congenital coronary abnormalities, coronary artery spasm, and coronary thrombosis due to hypercoagulable states (hereditary and acquired).AIM: We present a case of a young male adult with myocardial infarction caused by a combination of gene mutations and anticoagulation protein deficiency.CASE PRESENTATION: A 19 years old young man was admitted to our hospital complaining of chest pain during the last two weeks. The patient did not have any known cardiovascular risk factors, except a positive family anamnesis. Subacute inferior nonST segment myocardial infarction was diagnosed according to the patientâ€™s history, electrocardiographic and laboratory findings. Coronary angiography revealed suboclusive thrombus in the proximal, medial and distal part of the right coronary artery (TIMI 2). Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed. Anticoagulant and antiagregant therapy (heparin, acetilsalicilic acid and clopidogrel) according to protocol was started. The hospital stay was uneventful. Homozygous endothelial nitric oxid synthase (eNOS) T-786-C mutation, heterozygote prothrombin gene mutation (G-20210-A), and protein S deficiency were verified from the thrombophilia testing. Other trombophilic tests were normal. Three months after discharge from hospital another coronary angiography was performed. It revealed normal coronary arteries. Four years after the attack, the patient is free of symptoms and another cardiovascular event.CONCLUSION: Combination of genetic mutations and anticoagulation protein deficiency could be a reasonable cause for myocardial infarction in a very young male adult without any other cardiovascular risk factors.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Lipoprotein Variables in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Reveals Adverse Changes with Disease Activity and Prednisone and More Favorable Profiles with Hydroxychloroquine Therapy
Authors: Durcan Laura , Winegar Deborah A. , Connelly Margery A. , Otvos James D. , Magder Laurence S. , Petri Michelle
Published: February 2016

Objective.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with accelerated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Patients with SLE have adverse lipoprotein variables, but little is known about how these change with treatment and disease activity. The nuclear magnetic resonance LipoProfile test contains a glycoprotein signal-termed GlycA, an inflammatory marker, which has not been evaluated in SLE. We assessed patients longitudinally to determine how lipoproteins and GlycA change with active SLE.

Methods.

Sera from selected clinical visits of patients in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort were analyzed for lipoprotein and GlycA levels. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate lipoprotein variables and their relationship to ethnicity, disease activity, prednisone use, and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy.

Results.

Fifty-two patients were included over 229 visits. Adverse changes in lipoprotein variables with disease activity were demonstrated. For each point increase in the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, there was a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) even after adjusting for corticosteroid use. Prednisone was associated with higher very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, HDL, and triglycerides. HCQ was associated with more favorable variables. GlycA levels were higher than in normal populations and increased with disease activity.

Conclusion.

Adverse changes in lipoprotein profiles were associated with SLE activity and prednisone therapy. This gives insight into mechanisms of atherosclerosis in SLE. Favorable lipoprotein variables occurred in those taking HCQ. GlycA increased with disease activity and was higher than in healthy populations.
Disparities in Outcomes for African Americans and Whites Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Goodman Susan M. , Parks Michael L. , McHugh Kelly , Fields Kara , Smethurst Rie , Figgie Mark P. , Bass Anne R.
Published: February 2016

Objective.

African Americans in the United States undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) less often than whites, in part because of lower expectations among African Americans for successful surgery. Whether this lower expectation is justified is unknown. Our objective is to compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and satisfaction after TKA between African Americans and whites.

Methods.

A systematic review of English language articles using Medline, the Cochrane register, Embase (April 21, 2015), and a hand search of unlisted disparities journals was performed. Search terms included total knee replacement, quality of life, outcomes, and satisfaction. High-quality cohort studies that examined HRQOL in African Americans and white adults 6 months or more after TKA were included.

Results.

Of the 4781 studies screened by title, and 346 by abstract, 7 studies included race in their analysis. Results included 5570 TKA patients, 4077 whites (89%), and 482 (11%) blacks. Because studies used different outcome measures and were inconsistent in their adjustment for confounders, we could not perform a quantitative synthesis of results. In 5 studies, US blacks had worse pain, in 5 worse function, and in 1 less satisfaction 6 months to 2 years after TKA.

Conclusion.

US blacks may derive less benefit from TKA than whites as measured by HRQOL, pain, function, and satisfaction. Many studies assessing predictors of patient-related TKA outcomes fail to analyze race as a variable, which limited our study. More studies assessing the effect of race and socioeconomic factors on TKA outcome are needed.
Clinical Characteristics and Cytokine Profiles of Organizing Pneumonia in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with or without Biologics
Authors: Kawasumi Hidenaga , Gono Takahisa , Tanaka Eiichi , Kaneko Hirotaka , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Yamanaka Hisashi
Published: February 2016

Objective.

It has been reported that organizing pneumonia (OP) develops when patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are treated with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD). However, the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of OP in RA remain unknown in patients treated with bDMARD. We investigated the clinical characteristics and cytokine profiles of patients with RA-OP treated with bDMARD or conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD).

Methods.

Twenty-four patients with RA who had developed OP were enrolled. These patients included 12 treated with bDMARD (bDMARD-OP subset) and 12 treated with csDMARD (csDMARD-OP subset). We compared the clinical characteristics and cytokine profiles between the patients with OP (OP subset, n = 24) and non-OP patients (non-OP subset, n = 29).

Results.

There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics between the OP subset and the non-OP subset. Four patients developed OP within 2 months of bDMARD administration. In the other 8 patients, OP developed more than 1 year after the initiation of bDMARD. OP improved with corticosteroid treatment in all bDMARD-OP patients. After OP improved, bDMARD were readministered in 6 patients, and no OP recurrence was observed in any of these patients. Our multivariate analysis revealed that serum levels of interferon-α (IFN-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and interferon-γ–inducible protein 10 were significantly associated with the development of OP, although these cytokines tended to be lower in the bDMARD-OP subset than in the csDMARD-OP subset.

Conclusion.

OP is unlikely to be fatal in patients treated with bDMARD or csDMARD. IFN-α and proinflammatory cytokines are associated with the pathophysiology of OP in RA.
« Je serai un homme »
Authors: Aubert Philippe , Aubert Jean-Pierre , Sintina Jackson
Published: February 2016

Philippe Aubert ne peut ni parler ni se mouvoir, mais doté d’une intelligence et d’une vitalité hors du commun, il se lance dans la vie avec son accompagnateur Jackson Sintina. Cependant, il lui faut surmonter bien des myopies administratives...
Une vision de l’usine automobile du futur
Authors: Alochet Marc
Published: February 2016

Renault repense ses usines : le marché explose dans les pays en développement, la personnalisation et l’allègement des véhicules imposent de repenser la production, l’automatisation et les technologies de l’information requièrent de nouvelles compétences.
Aux prises avec la destructivité : modalités transféro-contre-transférentielles et aménagements du cadre
Authors: Khouri Naja Carine
Published: February 2016

Les analysants chapeautés par Thanatos , pétris de destructivité ont cette particularité d’interroger continuellement le cadre. Or, devrait-il être repensé et réaménagé de sorte à offrir aux analysants une contenance qui démente l’imago maternelle abandonnique - à l’instar des modalités d’intervention de Winnicott dans la cure de Margarett Little ? A partir de là, comment aborder les nouvelles avancées technologiques (messages, courriels) dans le cadre de nos cures ? Avec ces analysants pétris de destructivité, les transferts sont paradoxaux dans la mesure où ils exigent que l’analyste reste bien analyste et qu’il devienne non-analyste, laissant s’exprimer sa sincérité empathique...
Dire notre expérience du sonore : nomination et référenciation
Authors: Cance Caroline , Dubois Danièle
Published: February 2016

L’approche cognitive de la nomination présentée ici permet, à partir de la mise en œuvre de différents questionnements et de l’analyse des corpus provoqués, d’identifier un certain nombre des processus psychologiques et linguistiques qui permettent à des locuteurs francophones d’exprimer tant leur expérience sensible que leurs connaissances des qualités « objectives » imputées aux objets du monde sonore. Ce travail nous conduit à unifier les différentes conceptions de la référenciation (nomination/dénomination/désignation) non pas dans les seuls procédés linguistiques mais dans la généralité des processus à la fois linguistiques et psychologiques de mise en relation des ressources des langues et des réalités cognitives situées dans la diversité des pratiques humaines.
Polémique métalangagière sur une (dé)nomination : le terme « confrontation »
Authors: Garric Nathalie
Published: February 2016

Le numérique définit des dispositifs discursifs qui favorisent des rencontres sources de nombreuses polémiques dont l’objet devient fréquemment le langage lui-même. Cette contribution s’intéresse à l’un de ces événements numériques déclenché par l’emploi de « confrontation » en réaction à l’expression référentielle dénominative « cette tension amicale », employée par F. Hollande. À l’issue de cette reformulation, l’espace des discours numériques reçoit de nombreux traitements métadiscursifs que nous abordons dans la linguistique populaire et du point de vue d’une sémantique discursive. Le traitement s’appuie sur une étude de la signification lexicale de « confrontation », à partir des discours lexicographiques pour progressivement problématiser l’unité dans le discours des acteurs du débat public et montrer les différents contributeurs à son interprétation discursive : le contexte textuel et énonciatif, le contexte discursif et ses communautés, le contexte interdiscursif.
Reformulation et non-reformulation du mot islamophobie. Une analyse des dynamiques de la nomination dans les commentaires des lecteurs
Authors: Calabrese Laura
Published: February 2016

Cet article analyse un corpus de commentaires de lecteurs portant sur le problème public appelé islamophobie . Notre recherche vise à montrer les différentes stratégies discursives qu’utilisent les lecteurs pour défendre leur vision de ce phénomène. L’analyse du corpus révèle que le mot islamophobie a deux programmes de sens bien différenciés, à savoir « racisme anti-musulman » et « critique de la religion ». Les lecteurs qui défendent le premier vont employer le mot tel quel sans remettre en question ni le sens ni le référent, alors que ceux qui se focalisent sur le second vont produire une grande quantité d’énoncés métadiscursifs pour reformuler le sens et discuter le référent.
Images animées et excursions géographiques : une (ré)appropriation du terrain
Authors: Archambeau Olivier
Published: February 2016

La géographie reste encore aujourd'hui l'une des disciplines les mieux placées pour mêler production audiovisuelle et recherche, d'une part, production scientifique et vulgarisation d'autre part. À travers la réalisation « d'expéditions » organisées par le Pôle image du département de géographie de l'Université Paris 8, nous essaierons de démontrer qu'à l'heure de Google Earth et des mondes virtuels communicants, il est important de remettre l'idée du voyage au centre d'un enseignement de géographie, en y associant la production de documentaires. Une proposition pédagogique qui voudrait favoriser la responsabilité, la liberté d'action, la pluralité des regards sur le monde et faire partager l'idée, par le film, que l'approche scientifique, l'exploration et les relations humaines ne peuvent être dissociées. Décrire la terre en images dans une société de l'image reste un objectif nécessaire. C'est en s'appuyant davantage sur le triptyque enseignement et pratiques du terrain, apprentissage des outils audiovisuels numériques et organisation de la diffusion des productions au niveau de la discipline, que la parole des géographes pourra être mieux entendue.
La géographie peut-elle être un art plastique comme un autre ?
Authors: Blanc Nathalie , Regnauld Hervé
Published: February 2016

La géographie et les arts plastiques sont présentés comme deux disciplines qui partagent des méthodologies et des formes (produites). La pemière partie de l'article examine les voisinages que ces disciplines entretiennent quant aux procédures de terrain, d'échantillonnages qui sont théoriques avant d'être matérielles. La seconde partie étudie la forme des savoirs/objets produits en tant qu'ils impliquent une prise de parti de l'auteur dans la contingence des événements du monde étudié et/ou figuré.
Le territoire entrepreneurial durable fondements théorique et analyse économique
Authors: Boutillier Sophie , Uzunidis Dimitri
Published: February 2016

Qu’est-ce qu’un territoire entrepreneurial durable ? Pour analyser la dynamique de l’innovation dans les territoires industriels dont la reconversion passe par les activités de l’environnement et du développement durable, le chercheur doit répondre à plusieurs questions capitales : Comment définir l’entrepreneuriat innovant ? Comment favoriser l’entrepreneuriat éco-innovant ? Quels rôles et fonctions des institutions et de l’initiative individuelle ? Quelles opportunités et atouts pour l’entrepreneur éco-innovant ? Un territoire entrepreneurial durable peut être défini comme un ensemble territorialisé qui s’efforce de mobiliser des ressources sur le plan social, politique, économique, culturel et environnemental à l’intérieur d’un cadre institutionnel cohérent au service d’une stratégie clairement définie de développement économique et social respectueux de la préservation des ressources naturelles. Un de ses objectifs est la promotion de la création d’écoentreprises pour réussir un programme de réorientation de sa trajectoire de développement.
Innovation et territoire : l’exemple de Paris-Saclay
Authors: Allemand Sylvain
Published: February 2016

Depuis 2009, le territoire de Paris-Saclay (sud-ouest de Paris) est l’objet d’un important programme d’aménagement destiné à en faire le cluster technologique du Grand-Paris, autour de l’université de Paris-Saclay fédérant plus d’une vingtaine d’établissements d’enseignement supérieur et de recherche. Le présent article rend compte des dynamiques d’innovation qui y sont à l’œuvre par le prisme de Média Paris-Saclay, un site web ayant vocation à rendre compte de la « sociodiversité » de ce territoire à travers des entretiens et des portraits d’hommes et de femmes qui y vivent et/ou y travaillent : entrepreneurs, chercheurs, enseignants, étudiants, mais aussi agriculteurs, artistes et commun des mortels…
Ecologie industrielle et développement territorial durable le rôle des services
Authors: Laperche Blandine , Merlin-Brogniart Céline
Published: February 2016

Potentiellement créatrice d’effets d’agglomération favorisant la génération et l’attractivité d’activités nouvelles, l’écologie industrielle peut être considérée comme un vecteur de développement territorial durable. Mais il est nécessaire de pallier aux difficultés (techniques, économiques, informationnelles…) liées à la mise en œuvre des symbioses industrielles. Nous étudions le rôle que peuvent jouer les activités de services, publiques et privées, dans la réduction de ces difficultés. Par leurs fonctions relatives à l’organisation des relations marchandes, à l’acquisition ou au maintien des capacités par les agents ou encore à l’aide à la décision, les services peuvent réduire les coûts de transaction engendrés par la mise en œuvre de symbioses industrielles et accompagner les décisions stratégiques des entreprises.
Episodic Excessive Blinking in Children
Authors: Mali Yasmin Poustchi , Simon John W. , Chaudhri Imran , Zobal-Ratner Jitka , Barry Gerard P.
Published: February 2016

Purpose:

Many children present with excessive blinking. Categorization, associated conditions, and prognosis are controversial.

Methods:

All children with excessive blinking were reviewed, excluding those with known uveitis, glaucoma, or obvious eyelid abnormalities. Parents were telephoned for follow-up.

Results:

No ocular pathology was identified in 31 of 34 children with excessive blinking (91%). Parents were able to report a specific cause of blinking in 7 (21%). In 24 of 34 (71%), parents reported complete resolution of excessive blinking. No new ophthalmologic diagnoses were uncovered on follow-up.

Conclusions:

Episodes of excessive blinking rarely indicate neurologic disorders and frequently resolve spontaneously.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2016;53(1):22–24.]
A Multi-tool to Reduce Nasolacrimal Stent Complications With the Home-Removable Farson Crawford Tube
Authors: Haering Celia , Beck Kara Byers , Arnold Robert W.
Published: February 2016

Purpose:

Tear duct obstruction can be treated with probing and stenting, providing a reduced reoperation rate. A new instrument combining punctual dilation with the graduated diameter probe and bony-rasp was developed to assist the procedure.

Methods:

Laterality, type of nasolacrimal disorder, type of procedure, patient age, and postoperative outcome were monitored for one surgeon for two decades.

Results:

From 617 cases of pediatric tear duct obstruction, 494 used the bilateral, monocanalicular Farson method, yielding a 1.7% reoperation rate and 0.6% wire-strip rate. The nasolacrimal duct dilator rasp multi-tool, used since 1996, had a similarly low rate of complications.

Conclusions:

The Farson technique with the multi-tool provides an affordable, effective procedure for childhood nasolacrimal obstruction, allowing home removal of the stent.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2016;53(1):52–54.]
Clinical Evaluation of Four-Muscle Tenotomy Surgery for Nystagmus
Authors: Dubner Michael , Nelson Leonard B. , Gunton Kammi B. , Lavrich Judith , Schnall Bruce , Wasserman Barry N.
Published: February 2016

Purpose:

To document prospectively the effect of four-muscle tenotomy surgery on visual acuity (VA) and nystagmus intensity and assess, by the use of a questionnaire, the experience of adult patients and the parents of children who have had the four-muscle tenotomy procedure for nystagmus in the absence of strabismus or an anomalous head position. The qualitative perceived benefits or lack thereof from the procedure were compared to the subjective effects on nystagmus intensity and VA.

Methods:

Fifteen patients diagnosed as having congenital/infantile or acquired nystagmus, including albinism or other visual sensory disorders without anomalous head positions or coexisting strabismus, were included in this study. The changes in preoperative and postoperative VA and nystagmus were evaluated based on clinical and perceptual measurements and video recordings.

Results:

All 15 patients had preoperative and postoperative ophthalmological examinations. One patient had a postoperative conjunctival cyst, which was successfully removed. Fourteen patients (93%) showed clinical VA improvement in at least one eye. Fourteen patients were video recorded preoperatively and postoperatively to analyze their nystagmus intensity; case 9 was not included. Postoperatively, 10 patients (71%) showed a decrease in nystagmus intensity. Thirteen patients (87%) perceived vision improvement and 11 patients (73%) perceived a decrease in nystagmus intensity. All patients experienced either clinically improved VA or a decrease in nystagmus intensity. Fourteen patients (93%) perceived either improved VA or a decrease in nystagmus intensity. The preoperative and postoperative changes in VA (
P
= .002) and nystagmus intensity (
P
= .043) were both statistically significant.

Conclusions:

The authors have shown that four-muscle tenotomy surgery for nystagmus can improve VA and decrease nystagmus intensity. The study yielded subjective patient satisfaction, modest objective improvement in VA, and no significant complications.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2016;53(1):16–21.]
Spontaneous Regression of Over-elevation in Adduction Following Esotropia Surgery
Authors: Göncü Tugba , Akal Ali , Adibelli Fatih Mehmet , Çakmak Sevim , Düsünür Mehmet
Published: February 2016

Purpose:

To evaluate the course of over-elevation in adduction in patients who had esotropia following correction of horizontal deviation.

Methods:

The review of the medical files identified 28 patients who had esotropia with over-elevation in adduction. Data collected from the patients' full ophthalmological examinations included visual acuity, ocular alignment, duction, versions and sensory tests for binocularity and stereopsis, cycloplegic retinoscopy, and fundus evaluation. Oblique muscle function was graded on a scale of −4 to +4. The primary outcome measure was the amount of improvement in over-elevation in adduction following esotropia surgery.

Results:

Of the 28 patients (mean age: 53.5 ± 53.7 months), 13 were males and 15 were females. Of these, 22 (78.6%) had infantile esotropia and 6 (21.4%) had partial accommodative esotropia. The mean follow-up was 16.3 ± 7.9 months. All patients underwent bilateral medial rectus recession for correction of esotropia. The mean preoperative inferior oblique overaction was +2.1 ± 0.7 and the final postoperative value was +0.8 ± 0.9 (
P
< .001). There was a statistically significant decrease in postoperative over-elevation in adduction at all postoperative visits compared to the preoperative value (
P
< .001 at 3- and 6-month and final visits). Over-elevation in adduction regressed in 42 eyes (80.8%). Of these, 18 eyes (34.6%) completely resolved without any additional surgery to the inferior oblique muscle.

Conclusions:

Spontaneous regression in over-elevation in adduction was observed after esotropia surgery without additional inferior oblique weakening surgery. This may affect presurgical evaluation of and surgical planning for patients.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2016;53(1):35–39.]
Clinical Preoperative and Postoperative Symptoms of Exotropia
Authors: Ha Suk-Gyu , Kim Seung-Hyun
Published: February 2016

Purpose:

To examine clinical preoperative and postoperative symptoms and changes in exotropia according to constancy and age.

Methods:

A survey was conducted of 50 patients on the day before and 1 month after exotropia surgery. Survey results were analyzed by type of exotropia at presentation and age. Changes in subjective symptoms from preoperatively to postoperatively were examined for stereopsis (5 items), asthenopia (5 items), and appearance (5 items). Each item was rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 4.

Results:

The mean age of the 50 patients was 10.6 ± 7.75 years, and there were 21 (41.2%) males and 29 (56.9%) females. Thirty-two patients with intermittent exotropia had no significant improvement in the stere-opsis or asthenopia symptoms. However, they showed significant (
P
< .05) improvement in the appearance symptoms of squint and out of focus. Eighteen patients with constant exotropia showed significant improvements in the symptoms of tripping over objects or running into a wall in stereopsis and of squint and out of focus in appearance (
P
< .05). Postoperatively, all patients had significant improvement in appearance-related symptoms regardless of age (
P
< .05).

Conclusions:

Patients with constant exotropia had improved symptoms in stereopsis, asthenopia, and appearance after surgery. Appearance was improved regardless of the type of exotropia or age.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2016;53(1):44-51.]
Sistemas de Información Geográfica para la difusión web del patrimonio ambiental y cultural: el caso de la Ribera del Marco en Cáceres
Authors: Nieto Masot Ana
Published: February 2016

No disponible
Modelo para la determinación de la carga o la capacidad de acogida de los ríos y riberas para uso recreativo
Authors: Otero I. , Ezquerra A. , Navarra M. , Sendra P.
Published: February 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es, determinar la capacidad de carga o acogida funcional, de asimilación y de recuperación de los márgenes y los cursos fluviales mediante la recopilación de información del medio; el potencial recreativo se evalúa además desde un doble punto de vista: ecológico y paisajístico. La forma en que se enfoca el problema y se presenta la metodología y los resultados puede resultar de gran utilidad para planificadores y legisladores.
La metodología propuesta para valorar el uso recreativo de los márgenes fluviales, se aplica a una serie de parcelas en la Comunidad de Madrid, teniendo en cuenta la satisfacción que la actividad produce en los usuarios, y la capacidad de carga o acogida del entorno en el que se desarrollan.
Como resultado, se presenta la valoración de parcelas piloto, que servirían para validar la metodología propuesta.

[fr] Le but de cet article est, déterminer la capacité de charge ou réception fonctionnelle, l’assimilation et rétablissement des marges et les cours de la rivière par le biais de la collecte d’informations de l’environnement: le potentiel récréatif est également évalué dans une double perspective: écologique et paysagère. La façon dont se concentre le problème et présente la méthodologie et les résultats peut être utile pour les planificateurs et les décideurs.
La méthodologie proposée pour évaluer l’usage récréatif des marges de la rivière, s’applique à une série de parcelles dans la communauté de Madrid, tenant de l’activité compte satisfaction produit dans utilisateurs et la capacité de charge ou l’hôte de l’environnement dans lequel ils développent.
Par conséquent, l’évaluation des parcelles pilotes, ce qui permettrait de valider la méthodologie proposée est présentée.
Pautas de localización residencial en el País Vasco 1991-2010. Algunas características socio-demográficas de las poblaciones suburbanas
Authors: Torres Elizburu Roberto
Published: February 2016

El trabajo se centra en el análisis de los movimientos migratorios internos de la población del País Vasco entre 1991 y 2010. A través de indicadores estadísticos se localizan las principales áreas receptoras de nuevos residentes y se caracteriza someramente el perfil generacional y socio-económico de los mismos. Los resultados indican que durante las últimas décadas ha ocurrido una redistribución espacial de la población. Desde la década de 1990 los centros urbanos más densos pierden habitantes como consecuencia de las salidas hacia municipios de menor dimensión demográfica localizados en espacios más descongestionados. Las características del entorno residencial receptor han atraído a grupos diferentes, de manera que familias más jóvenes con hijos menores y capacidad adquisitiva limitada se dirigen a municipios colindantes y bien conectados con los principales centros y corredores urbanos, pero los grupos con mayor nivel socio-económico optan por municipios periféricos ubicados en entornos de alta calidad ambiental.

[fr] Cet article analyse les mouvements migratoires internes de la population du Pays Basque entre 1991 et 2010. À travers des indicateurs statistiques se trouvent les zones de réception principale de nouveaux résidents et est brièvement caractérisé le profil générationnel et socio-économique de nouvelles familles. Durant dernières décennies a eu lieu une redistribution spatiale de la population. Depuis les années 1990, les centres urbains les plus denses perdent habitants à la suite du transfert aux petites municipalités situées dans des espaces plus décongestionnés. Les caractéristiques du milieu récepteur résidentiel ont attiré différents groupes; les jeunes familles avec des enfants et pouvoir d’achat limité sont dirigés vers les municipalités voisines et bien connectées avec les centres urbains, mais les groupes avec le plus haut niveau socio-économique choisissent municipalités périphériques dans les zones de haute qualité environnementale.
Digital Marketing Strategy for Affinity Marketing
Authors: Mekonnen Aster
Published: February 2016

Integration of digital marketing into overall business strategy is no longer an option, it is imperative for success. Yet, not all have tapped into this. Another opportunity that could leverage an organisation in today's competitive environment is affinity marketing. Successful implementation of affinity marketing has the potential to enhance participation, raise revenue, increase retention and provide a mutually beneficial arrangement for the partners involved. Yet, despite its appeal and the popularity it achieved in the late 1980s and early 1990s, uptake of the scheme has slowed down. Whilst some affinity partners have embraced digital marketing to an extent, most are not using it effectively to drive and sustain their affinity marketing scheme. Cognisant that affinity marketing is still a lucrative area, this chapter sets forth a digital marketing strategy for affinity marketing, e-affinity marketing, as this is where the added value for the 21st century customer is envisioned.
Analysing the Role of Social Media in Dialogue Marketing and Management as a Contemporary Franchising Local Area Marketing Technique
Authors: Webster Geoffrey B. , Hume Margee
Published: February 2016

The role of social media as a contemporary Local Area Marketing (LAM) technique in Dialogue Marketing is not clearly defined. Dialogue Marketing focuses on a structured approach of ongoing interactive communication to form relationships with people (Allan Steinmetz, 1997). According to Webster and Hume (2015) contemporary LAM techniques refer to using digital marketing to build relationships with local community. Problems facing franchise businesses include how to use Dialogue Marketing as a contemporary LAM technique to maximise local community connections as well as to build essential relationships. Advancing previous work in LAM, this study analyses social media's role as a contemporary LAM technique in Dialogue Marketing. It explores the use of Dialogue Management as a tool to enhance Dialogue Marketing for franchise businesses. It presents an integrated framework for the identification of social media adoption levels and how this can enhance franchise business success by providing an important contribution to the franchise industry sector. It concludes by offering a conceptual touchpoint channel model with a view to progressing discourse in the area and uniting current thinking.
User-Generated Content and Perceived Customer Value
Authors: Ozuem Wilson , Pinho Celia Almeida , Azemi Yllka
Published: February 2016

The Internet has transformed social communications and social behaviours. Technology-aided interpersonal interactions have replaced traditional ‘face-to-face' affiliations. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the effect of user-generated content on perceived customer value. In contrast to prior study mainly investigates the effect of two main areas, namely, customer and company, this study additionally widens the scope and influence of user-generated content on consumer-to-consumer communications. Our findings suggest that user-generated content mediates on consumer decision-making process, providing higher-order credibility beyond the conventional marketing communication programmes.
Search Engine Marketing
Authors: Hassan Azizul , Dadwal Sumesh S.
Published: February 2016

The most common feature of Search Engine Marketing (SEM) is the pay-per-click concept that outlines the conceptual understanding of the human-computer interaction (HCI) in marketing. In this type of marketing, the three active actors act simultaneously: the service provider, the search engine as the platform and the individual user base. On the assumption that technology will dominate future marketing channels, this study will explore the conceptualisations of SEM, in relation to HCI in tourism marketing. This paper asserts that strategically, a congenial and accepted level of interaction is much required between the service provider and consumers. Also, this is outlined that the customization of a tourism industry led application and adoption of SEM is possible on ground of the Unified theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) where, factors like age, gender, experience and voluntariness of use are attached with performance expectancy (Venkatesh et al., 2003).
Optimization of the Vertex Separation Problem with Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Huacuja Héctor J. Fraire , Castillo-García Norberto
Published: February 2016

The Vertex Separation Problem (VSP) is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem in the context of graph theory. The importance of studying VSP lies in its close relation with other problems. Thus, VSP has important practical applications in the contexts of very large scale integration design, computer language compiler design, natural language processing, order processing of manufactured products and bioinformatics. Up to our knowledge, there are only two trajectory-based metaheuristic algorithms for VSP documented in the literature. The main contribution of this chapter is that we extend the available heuristics to solve VSP by proposing a genetic algorithm (GA). It is of particular interest to study the impact of four different crossover operators in the algorithm performance. The experimental results showed that the order-based crossover is the best. Moreover, the best GA variant was compared with the best algorithm for VSP: GVNS. The results of this comparison showed that GVNS outperforms our best GA variant by approximately 1.54 times in solution quality.
Intentional Food Contamination in the Food Supply Chain
Authors: Reynoso Ramón Navarrete , Ramos-Estrada Cecilia , Purata Omar J.
Published: February 2016

As globalization increases, supply chains are becoming increasingly complex and vulnerable, making the management of their security an important part of corporate management. The need to adopt control and prevention measures that allow for guaranteeing security in international commercial operations is essential to prevent becoming a target of these threats. Some of these threats are terrorism, piracy and theft. Within the food industry, food terrorism has gained relevance due to the extreme consequences it may have on both public health and the market. Food terrorism refers to the intentional contamination of food in any link of the supply chain, which covers everything from production to consumption. This chapter deals with the problems of food terrorism and makes a proposal that allows to establish a management system to prevent intentional food contamination in the supply chain through managing risks and improving security in the supply chain on this aspect.
Clio-Combinatorics
Authors: Gonzalez-Feliu Jesus , Parent Antoine
Published: February 2016

This chapter proposes to apply combinatorial optimization to past military conflicts with the aim of producing quantitative data that help explaining history. To do this, we can go beyond the classical “problem solving” vision of operations research that focuses on algorithmic development and computation analysis to privilege solution analysis and the needs of matching the obtained solution to the reality we aim to represent, study and analyze. In particular, we propose an iterative logic search method that aims to identify and analyze military strategic logic in terms of logistics. Then, to illustrate it, an application to the French troop assignment plan (Plan XVII of Joffre, 1932) is made to analyze which could be the subjacent logic behind the defense plan of French troops and state on the consequences of the optimization choices in terms of regional distribution of troops. A discussion of the proposed framework and the directions to generalize it will be presented as a conclusion.
Optimization of Utility Functions in an Admissible Space of Higher Dimension
Authors: Almanza German , Carrillo Victor M. , Ronquillo Cely C.
Published: February 2016

S. Smale published a paper where announce a theorem which optimize a several utility functions at once (cf. Smale, 1975) using Morse Theory, this is a very abstract subject that require high skills in Differential Topology and Algebraic Topology. Our goal in this paper is announce the same theorems in terms of Calculus of Manifolds and Linear Algebra, those subjects are more reachable to engineers and economists whom are concern with maximizing functions in several variables. Moreover, the elements involved in our theorems are accessible to graduate students, also we putting forward the results we consider economically relevant.
Analyzing Airport Capacity by Simulation
Authors: Zuniga Catya , Mota Miguel Mujica , García Alfonso Herrera
Published: February 2016

Air transportation has grown in an unexpected way during last decades and is expected to increase even more in the next years. Traffic growth tendencies forecast an expansion in the demand and greater aviation connectivity, but also higher workload to the different airspace users, especially for airport and services. Therefore, it is essential to employ strategies designed to use efficiently valuable corporate resource. Airport authorities around the world are investing in large capital projects, including new or improved runways, terminal expansions, and entirely new airports. However, this effort is sometimes limited due to their geographic location. In this work, two main objectives are pursued: first, to highlight the importance of the industry by exposing the current situation and future trends all over the world focusing in the Mexican industry; and second, to introduce a simulation model which can be used as a decision making tool for the upcoming demand. The analysis of the scenarios illustrates how to develop strategies to cope with the different airspace user's needs.
A Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm for the Quay Crane Scheduling Problem
Authors: Cruz-Reyes Laura , Alvarez Arturo Lam , Quiroz-Castellanos Marcela , Gómez Claudia , Valdez Nelson Rangel , Valdez Guadalupe Castilla , Barbosa Javier Gonzalez
Published: February 2016

This chapter presents a novel hybrid algorithm for the quay crane scheduling problem (QCSP). QCSP consists of scheduling a sequence of unloading and loading movements for cranes assigned to a vessel, minimizing the total completion time of all the tasks. The proposed algorithm integrates two well-known metaheuristics: Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure and Ant Colony System; it also incorporates a repositioning strategy of idle cranes to reduce the interference generated by the quay cranes. The experimental results show that the proposed method is able to find quality solutions in short times. In experiments reported in the literature with crafted instances of QCSP, heuristic running time varies from seconds in small instances to hours in instances of medium size. Currently, the industry requirements are up to a maximum of approximately five minutes. The hybrid algorithm presented in this chapter allows addressing these requirements, by finding good quality solutions in significantly shorter time for larger problems, which represents an advantage in real environments.
A Mobile Application for Helping Urban Public Transport and Its Logistics
Authors: Mancha Juan J. G. , Guerrero Mayra S. H. , Chong Ana Gpe. Velez , Barbosa Javier Gonzalez , Gómez Claudia , Cruz-Reyes Laura , Rivera Gilberto
Published: February 2016

Urban growth in developed countries has made highly difficult the logistics of public transport in many cities. This issue is a consequence of the increase in the number of public transport routes, which has caused that citizens do not know important information on such routes. Especially, data about stops, terminals, timetables, paths and which are the easily reachable places for each single route. On the other hand, smartphones have become very popular in the last lustra. This kind of device has high-end services such as cameras, high-tech sensors and Global-Positioning-System (GPS) navigation, to mention only a few. Thus, since mobile phones are useful and practically ubiquitous, they should be applied to collective-transport logistics, giving the edge to citizens in an economic manner. Ergo, to solve the aforementioned problem, we propose here an approach based on using technology connected to mobile phones, the GPS and the Internet.
A Review of the Main Options of Tools for Optimizing Operations (in Companies, Manufacturing, and Supply Chains)
Authors: Rangel Arturo Cordova , Saucedo Irma Jimenez
Published: February 2016

Investigated methods for optimizing manufacturing operations are diverse as the theories and hypotheses that have developed over time. There have been different types of studies, using different methods, theories and hypotheses. All aimed at determining what the best methods would be more or less impact on the further optimization of processes and operations in manufacturing companies. This paper concludes that at least there are 8 methods that are most used to optimize operations and in this study are shown which ones are used most frequently and which are used moderately and which never used by the respondents. And depending on the situations to optimize, you can identify and / or develop different algorithms for optimization of operations (in companies, manufacturing and supply chains). And some examples of applications are shown.