bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activity of phytochemical constituents of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata against coronavirus (COVID-19): an in silico approach
Authors: Rajagopal Kalirajan , Varakumar Potlapati , Baliwada Aparma , Byran Gowramma
Published: October 2020

Background

In early 2020, many scientists are rushing to discover novel drugs and vaccines against the coronavirus, and treatments for COVID-19, because coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a life-threatening viral disease, affected first in China and quickly spread throughout the world. In this article, in silico studies have been performed to explore the binding modes of chemical constituents for natural remedies like Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata against COVID-19 (PDB ID 5R82) targeting coronavirus using Schrodinger suit 2019-4. The molecular docking studies are performed by the Glide module, in silico ADMET screening was performed by the QikProp module, and binding energy of ligands was calculated using the Prime MM-GB/SA module.

Results

The chemical constituents from turmeric like cyclocurcumin and curcumin and from Andrographis paniculata like andrographolide and dihydroxy dimethoxy flavone are significantly binding with the active site of SARS CoV-2 main protease with Glide score more than − 6 when compared to the currently used drugs hydroxychloroquine (− 5.47) and nelfinavir (− 5.93). When compared to remdesivir (− 6.38), cyclocurcumin from turmeric is significantly more active. The docking results of the compounds exhibited similar mode of interactions with SARS CoV-2. Main protease and the residues THR24, THR25, THR26, LEU27, SER46, MET49, HIE41, GLN189, ARG188, ASP187, MET165, HIE164, PHE181, and THR54 play a crucial role in binding with ligands.

Conclusion

Based on in silico investigations, the chemical constituents from turmeric like cyclocurcumin and curcumin and from Andrographis paniculata like andrographolide and dihydroxy dimethoxy flavone, significantly binding with the active site of SARS CoV-2 main protease, may produce significant activity and be useful for further development.
How Is Geriatric Assessment Used in Clinical Practice for Older Adults With Cancer? A Survey of Cancer Providers by the American Society of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Dale William , Williams Grant R. , R. MacKenzie Amy , Soto-Perez-de-Celis Enrique , Maggiore Ronald J. , Merrill Janette K. , Katta Sweatha , Smith Kimberly T. , Klepin Heidi D.
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE:

For patients with cancer who are older than 65 years, the 2018 ASCO Guideline recommends geriatric assessment (GA) be performed. However, there are limited data on providers’ practices using GA. Therefore, ASCO’s Geriatric Oncology Task Force conducted a survey of providers to assess practice patterns and barriers to GA.

METHODS:

Cancer providers treating adult patients including those ≥ 65 years completed an online survey. Questions included those asking about awareness of ASCO’s Geriatric Oncology Guideline (2018), use of validated GA tools, and perceived barriers to using GA. Descriptive statistics and statistical comparisons between those aware of the Guideline and those who were not were conducted. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.

RESULTS:

Participants (N = 1,277) responded between April 5 and June 5, 2019. Approximately half (53%) reported awareness of the Guideline. The most frequently used GA tools, among those aware of the Guideline and those who were not, assessed functional status (69% v 50%; P < .001) and falls (62% v 45%; P < .001). Remaining tools were used < 50% of the time, including tools assessing weight loss, comorbidities, cognition, life expectancy, chemotherapy toxicity, mood, and noncancer mortality risk. GA use was two to four times higher among those who are aware of the Guideline. The most frequent barriers for those who reported being Guideline aware were lack of resources, specifically time (81.7%) and staff (77.0%). In comparison, those who were unaware of the Guideline most often reported the following barriers: lack of knowledge or training (78.4%), lack of awareness about tools (75.2%), and uncertainty about use of tools (75.0%).

CONCLUSION:

Among providers caring for older adults, 52% were aware of the ASCO Guideline. Some domains were assessed frequently (eg, function, falls), whereas other domains were assessed rarely (eg, mood, cognition). Guideline awareness was associated with two to four times increased use of GA and differing perceived barriers. Interventions facilitating Guideline-consistent implementation will require various strategies to change behavior.
Diurnal versus Nocturnal Exercise—Effect on the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: GASKELL STEPHANIE K. , RAUCH CHRISTOPHER E. , PARR ALEXANDRA , COSTA RICARDO J. S.
Published: October 2020

Purpose

The study aimed to determine the effect of diurnal versus nocturnal exercise on gastrointestinal integrity and functional responses, plasma lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) concentrations (as indirect indicators of endotoxin responses), systemic inflammatory cytokine profile, gastrointestinal symptoms, and feeding tolerance.

Methods

Endurance runners (n = 16) completed 3 h of 60% V˙O2max (22.7°C, 45% relative humidity) running, on one occasion performed at 0900 h (400 lx; DAY) and on another occasion at 2100 h (2 lx; NIGHT). Blood samples were collected pre- and postexercise and during recovery to determine plasma concentrations of cortisol, catecholamines, claudin-3, I-FABP, LBP, and sCD14 and inflammatory cytokine profiles by ELISA. Orocecal transit time (OCTT) was determined by lactulose challenge test given at 150 min, with concomitant breath hydrogen (H2) and gastrointestinal symptom determination.

Results

Cortisol increased substantially pre- to postexercise on NIGHT (+182%) versus DAY (+4%) (trial–time, P = 0.046), with no epinephrine (+41%) and norepinephrine (+102%) trial differences. I-FABP, but not claudin-3, increased pre- to postexercise on both trials (mean = 2269 pg·mL−1, 95% confidence interval = 1351–3187, +143%) (main effect of time [MEOT], P < 0.001). sCD14 increased pre- to postexercise (trial–time, P = 0.045, +5.6%) and was greater on DAY, but LBP decreased (MEOT, P = 0.019, −11.2%) on both trials. No trial difference was observed for systemic cytokine profile (MEOT, P = 0.004). Breath H2 responses (P = 0.019) showed that OCTT was significantly delayed on NIGHT (>84 min, with n = 3 showing no breath H2 turning point by 180 min postexercise) compared with DAY (mean = 54 min, 95% confidence interval = 29–79). NIGHT resulted in greater total gastrointestinal symptoms (P = 0.009) compared with DAY. No difference in feeding tolerance markers was observed between trials.

Conclusion

Nocturnal exercise instigates greater gastrointestinal functional perturbations and symptoms compared with diurnal exercise. However, there are no circadian differences to gastrointestinal integrity and systemic perturbations in response to the same exertional stress and controlled procedures.
Children and young people's experiences of living with developmental coordination disorder/dyspraxia: study protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: O'Dea Áine , Coote Susan , Robinson Katie
Published: October 2020

Background

Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) face significant challenges to deal with everyday activities due to underlying motor proficiency difficulties. These challenges affect children and young people’s participation; that is, involvement in daily life situations. Recent years have seen a growing body of qualitative research examining children’s experiences of living with DCD.  Meta-ethnographic synthesis offers a rigorous approach to bring together the findings of discrete qualitative studies to be synthesised in order to advance the conceptual understanding of living with DCD, which is not well conceptualised in the literature to date. Conducting a meta-ethnographic synthesis will help to illuminate the meaning of children and young people’s experiences of DCD regarding their involvement in everyday activities and situations.

Aim

This study aims to systematically review and synthesise qualitative literature regarding children and young people’s experiences and views of everyday life and living with DCD.

Methods

The method of qualitative evidence synthesis that will be followed in this review is a meta-ethnography. The eMERGe and PRISMA reporting guidelines will be adhered to. Ten databases will be searched; Academic Search Complete, AMED, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsychArticles, PsychInfo, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist will be used by two independent reviewers to appraise all included papers. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019129178

Discussion

The findings of this meta-ethnography will endeavour to inform future research, policy and practice. In particular, the results will help to inform the design of future complex interventions to meet the needs of children and young people with DCD. Dissemination will involve the publication of the results in a peer-reviewed journal. Increasingly researchers and policymakers are calling for services to be informed by the perspective and voice of children with DCD. Therefore, a policy brief will be published so that the findings are widely available.
Interdisciplinary discourse of culture (philosophical-psychological and socio-cultural methodology)
Authors: Zlotnikova Tat'yana
Published: October 2020

The textbook actualizes interdisciplinary discourse as a principle of studying cultural experience in its versatility (creative personality and features of its activity; the existence of artistic culture in the society of different epochs, including in the modern world; Russia-specific problems of artistic influences: absurdity, totalitarianism). The material is presented on the basis of philosophical, psychological and social methodology, based on art criticism ideas. The author's concept of the publication is based on a non — trivial choice of analyzed cultural phenomena corresponding to the triad "man- chronotope — culture".
The publication can be used to deepen the theoretical positions studied in accordance with the new state educational standard for social and humanitarian specialties in compulsory and elective courses.
It is intended for students of universities and pedagogical universities, universities of culture and art: cultural scientists, historians, sociologists, philologists, art historians, graduate students in the Humanities and teachers.
Fundamentals of machine reliability theory
Authors: Bazhenov Mihail
Published: October 2020

It is intended for undergraduates studying in the field of training 39.04.02 "Social work". It can be used for training in such areas of training as "State and municipal administration", "Management", "Law", "Sociology", "Political science", etc. It will also be useful for graduate students, teachers and practitioners, as well as anyone interested in the problems of the social state and social legislation."
Physical therapy for injuries
Authors: Karaseva Tat'yana , Mahov Aleksandr , Zamogil'nov Aleksey
Published: October 2020

Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
Research of communication channel characteristics
Authors: Shirokov Igor' , Gimpilevich Yuriy
Published: October 2020

The questions of studying the amplitude and phase characteristics of communication channels of radio engineering systems are considered. As part of the research, a homodyne method for converting microwave signals is proposed, which makes it possible to measure amplitude and phase fluctuations with high accuracy and with the utmost simplicity of measuring equipment. The development of the homodyne method of signal transformation for the purposes and tasks of determining the amplitude and phase fluctuations of signals during the propagation of radio waves on open lines of sight is presented. The features of homodyne signal transformation in the presence of various destabilizing factors are considered. The issues of synchronization of reference generators on different parts of the measuring route are considered. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of amplitude and phase fluctuations on land and sea lines of sight are presented.
For students and teachers, as well as anyone interested in radio engineering.
Conceptual foundations of the modern social state and social law
Authors: Akmalova Al'fiya , Kapicyn Vladimir
Published: October 2020

The textbook considers the main approaches to the formation of the conceptual foundations of the social state, which in modern conditions ensure the consolidation of the model of the modern state, focused on the consistent development and implementation of social projects, and effective social policy. Special attention is paid to the consideration of socio-anthropological and value-normative approaches that provide a more complete study of the features of the formation of the social character of the state, along with formal and legal ones. Special attention is paid to the formation of competencies necessary for the activities of employees of social institutions, state and municipal employees, volunteers and other participants of public associations.

Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.

It is intended for undergraduates studying in the field of training 39.04.02 Social work". It can be used for training in such areas of training as "State and municipal administration", "Management", "Law", "Sociology", "Political science", etc. It will also be useful for graduate students, teachers and practitioners, as well as anyone interested in the problems of the social state and social legislation.
Is polio eradication possible?
Authors: Ruszel Kinga , Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara
Published: October 2020

Poliomyelitis is called childhood paralysis, anterior horn inflammation of the spinal cord and Heine-Medin disease. Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus. Infection spreads through ingestion of objects and foodstuffs contaminated with pharyngeal secretions or faeces. The virus multiplies in the intestine, from where it can attack the nervous system and can cause paralysis that is often permanent. The initial symptoms of polio include fever, headache, vomiting, stiff neck, and pain in the extremities. Majority of cases is either completely asymptomatic or result in a mild disease typical of a generalized viral infection; Poliomyelitis paralysis occurs in 0.1–1% of infections. There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented by immunization. In 1988, the World Health Assembly adopted a resolution that committed all countries to polio eradication by the year 2000.The aim of the review is to summarize data on the incidence of polio virus infection in recent years in the world.PubMed databases and statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Polio Global Eradication Initiative and world data from WHO websites were searched in July and August 2020. In PubMed we used any text and medical terms ‘polio’, ‘poliomyelitis’, ‘polio vaccine’. Twenty two publications were cited.In conclusion: Majority of the wold is free from polio. Polio still spreads in several countries. In a country which is not free of polio all residents and long­term visitors (> four weeks) of all ages, should receive a dose of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) or inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) between four weeks and 12 months prior to international travel. It can helps with restrict of transmission of polio outside the border.
Cancer Stem Cells as a new promising approach of efficient oncological treatment - the review of literature
Authors: Szumna Klaudia Daria , Piędel Faustyna , Jasielski Patryk , Grosman Sylwia , Habaj Kamila , Filip Agata
Published: October 2020

Introduction and purpose:For many years a lot of research projects have been conducted with the aim to discover special cells, which are responsible for a neoplasm development. One of the theories concerns cancer stem cells (CSCs). This theory presumes the existence of original, undifferentiated cancer cells. These cells are capable of transform to all types of cells in neoplasm mass. The purpose of this study was to review the currently available data about the theory of CSCs and especially potential usage of this theory in oncological treatment. Pubmed and Scopus databases from the last 10 years were searched for phrase “cancer stem cells”.  A brief description of the state of knowledge: Impaired signalling pathways lead to an occurrence of CSCs which may contribute to the development of neoplasm eventually. It is proved, that gamma secretase inhibitors impede Notch signalling pathway, which leads to a decrease of tumour markers expression and consequently decline in vivo tumour growth. It is believed that epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histones alteration and RNA orientation are pivotal regulators of CSCs. It was shown, that histone deacetylases (HDAC) modulate refractoriness on chemotherapy in haematological tumours. It is also evidenced that peculiar designed microRNA directly inhibit CD44 which suppresses prostatic cancer stem cells and its metastases. CSCs have high expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) including breast and colon cancer, which proclaims in favour of immunotherapy aimed on CSCs. Conclusions:Constantly growing knowledge about CSCs biology is creating new opportunities of detection, isolation and design of the therapies aimed on CSCs.
Level of knowledge of prevention of hepatitis C virus infection among nursing students
Authors: Sierpińska Lidia , Kuleta Edyta
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) may lead to the severe form of chronic hepatitis C. According to the relevant literature, the percentage of infected population worldwide is approximately 2-3%, while in Poland it is about 1.4%. The incidence of hepatitis C is showing an upward tendency. The routes of infection with HCV are mainly associated with the disruption of tissue continuity, contact with infected blood, and via contact with infected medical equipment. The prevention of HCV infection in medical facilities is conditioned by non-specific prophylaxis, the essence of which is the cutting-off of transmission routes. Objective. The aim of the study was assessment of the level of knowledge concerning prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus among students of nursing at the Higher School in Radom.  Material and Methods. The study was conducted in the first half of 2018, among 141 licentiate students of nursing at the Higher School in Radom. The research method was a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire technique.  Results. The majority of respondents (98.6%) indicated the correct answer and reported that HCV is the ‘hepatitis C virus’. A large group of the examined students (94.3%) knew that ‘contact with infected blood’ may be the source of infection with HCV. The vast majority of respondents (87.9%) reported that infection with HCV may take place ‘for example, during a visit to a hairdresser or beautician, when there occurs damage to the skin’. The majority of adolescents (86.5%) knew that ‘everyone’ is exposed to HCV infection. More than a half of the students in the study (56.0%) knew that approximately 700,000 people in Poland are infected with HCV. In the opinions of the majority of respondents (88.7%) the best diagnostic method in infection with hepatitis C virus is ‘blood test for anti-HCV antibodies’. The largest number of students (61.0%) knew that there is no vaccine against hepatitis C, because the efforts to develop this vaccine have failed due to the high variability of the virus. A small group of the examined students (39.0%) had knowledge concerning the possibilities of curing a patient infected with HCV, as long as the disease is diagnosed early. The collected research material was statistically analyzed using the software StatSoft Statistica 13.1 PL and Microsoft Office software package. Non-parametric Pearson's chi-squared test was used. The p values p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.  Conclusions. The examined students had a high level of knowledge concerning the essence and situations of risk of infection with HCV. Students at the specialty of nursing should be motivated to expand their knowledge pertaining to prophylaxis of infection with hepatitis C virus. The risk of infection with HCV associated with occupational exposure should be considered while educating students of the specialty of nursing.
The number of passively smoked cigarettes and the risk of lung cancer among the inhabitants of the Lubelskie Region (2013-2017)
Authors: Chudzik Robert , Rybojad Beata , Rybojad Paweł
Published: October 2020

According to WHO, clean air is considered as one of the basic criterion influencing  human health. Airborne particulate matters (PM) 2,5 are mixtures of organic and inorganic particles smaller than 2.5 µm. They have broad negative effect on health especially on respiratory and cardiovascular system. They could increase the sensitivity to air ways infections, worsen: allergic diseases, hypertension, myocardial infarction and also increase the risk of neoplastic diseases. NO2 pollution arises mainly during burning of fossil fuels, which is mainly related to road transport. On the basis of numerous scientific research, it is believed that the long term exposure to NO2 could increase inflammation  and eventually lead to  higher  cancer morbidity. We analyzed the data available in the Polish National Cancer Registry (PNCR), Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection and Air Quality Guidelines, We checked air pollution by the means of  PM2.5and NO2 and thanks to mathematical equation delivered by Saskia C. van der Zee converted them into number of  passively smoked cigarettes. Above data we compared to lung cancer morbidity in Lubelskie Region.Based on the latest available data and literature, we can conclude that in 2013-2017 each inhabitant of Lubelskie Region smoked average 8 cigarettes a day +/- 2. The incidence of lung cancer is more or less the same number. After 75 years everyone in the exanimated region had 30 package-years of passive smoking and high risk of lung cancer. Over same period of time cumulative risk of lung cancer according to PNCR were in women almost 2% and in men almost 6%Air quality in Poland is not satisfactory, exceeding the standards presented in the WHO Guidelines 2005, we can assume that this translates into a high risk of the incidence of lung cancer among our inhabitants.
Juvenile angiofibroma: etiology, diagnosis, treatment
Authors: Marzęda Madalena , Blicharz Agnieszka , Drozd Małgorzata , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: October 2020

Introduction and purpose: Juvenile angiofibroma is a rare neoplasm of the nasopharynx. It occurs almost exclusively in boys during adolescence. It is a richly vascularized neoplasm which, despite its benign histopathological character, tends to invasive growth and recurrence. The aim of the study is to review current data on juvenile angiofibroma.Brief description of the state of knowledge: Juvenile angiofibroma primary develops on the posterolateral wall of the nasal cavity, growing out of the wedge-palatal opening. Common symptoms resulting from its location, there are bleeding and nasal obstruction. Tumor diagnosis is based in imaging tests - CT and MRI, in which juvenile angiofibroma exhibits some distinctive features. CT and MR examinations demonstrate the typical the location and route of spread of juvenile angiofibroma and allow to assess the extent of the tumor. The angiography allows for confirmation diagnosis of a vascular tumor and enables preoperative embolization. Surgical treatment is the most common therapeutic procedure and irradiating the tumor, depending on its location. Due to the vascularnature of the tumor, the basic preoperative procedure is tumor vessel embolization, which allows reducing blood loss during surgery.Conclusions: Juvenile angiofibroma shows some characteristic features - it occurs at a similar age, in one sex and in one localization in the organism. Due to the invasive tumor growth, the risk of bone destruction and relapse, the role of imaging tests is important, allowing the diagnosis of a tumor at an early stage of its development.
Unclear etiology and current hypotheses of the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia
Authors: Drozd Małgorzata , Marzęda Magdalena , Blicharz Agnieszka , Czarnota Jakub , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: October 2020

Introduction and purpose: Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition affecting almost 2% of the general population, mostly women. The main symptoms are chronic diffuse musculoskeletal pain or stiffness, tiredness,  nonrestorative sleep, anxiety, depression and cognitive dysfunction. The etiology of fibromyalgia remains unclear and has been the subject of debate and scientific investigation. The aim of this article was to collect and analyse current and new information on the etiology of fibromyalgia and present the most popular hypotheses.Brief description of the state of knowledge: Pathogenesis of fibromyalgia is multifactorial. Genetic factors, in addition to environmental factors, such as psychical stress and various types of infection, are considered to be the triggers of the disease. Central sensitization became a commonly accepted hypothesis of the fibromyalgia’s pathogenesis. However, the newest finding of small fiber neuropathy in patients with fibromyalgia supports another hypothesis, in which the disease is presented as stress-related dysautonomia with neuropathic pain features.Conclusions: Understanding the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia is essential to provide the best care to the patients with fibromyalgia. Although there are multiple evidence for central sensitization hypothesis, new findings continue to emerge and question commonly accepted paradigm. Despite numerous findings on etiology of fibromyalgia, more studies are needed.
A survey of the state of dietary knowledge of students of the medical faculty of Polish Medical Universities
Authors: Czarnota Jakub , Marzęda Magdalena , Dobrzyński Michał , Skubel Tomasz , Drozd Małgorzata , Sokół Dorota , Blicharz Agnieszka , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Proper nutrition is an important element in pursuit of health. Appropriate selection of macro- and micro-ingredients allows to maintain the correct weight, avoid nutritional deficiencies and many health problems. Despite the fact that the topic of nutrition is primarily the concern of nutritionists, knowledge of nutrition is often helpful also for doctors.Aim is to examine the state of knowledge of medical students studying in Poland on the principles of healthy eating.Material and Methods: An anonymous online survey was conducted. The responses of 140 students of medicine from Polish medical universities were analyzed.  Results: Despite the fact that 52.1% of the respondents declared that they are interested in the topic of healthy eating, only 40.3% of the respondents correctly stated that buckwheat is a good source of magnesium in the diet. 72.7% of respondents wrongly thought that olive oil is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet. 78.1% of respondents correctly stated that canned food with a high salt content is a risk factor for stomach cancer. 52.5% of respondents believe that coffee increases the excretion of magnesium in the urine. The same number of respondents correctly considered green tea to be a source of substances similar to caffeine. 59.7% of respondents correctly stated that onions, leeks and cabbage should be avoided while following the diet recommended in irritable bowel syndrome.Conclusion: Despite the expressed interest in the subject of healthy eating by the majority of the surveyed students, the results of the study suggest that the dietetary knowledge of students of the medical faculty of Polish Medical Universities is not very good. In some questions, only about half of the respondents gave correct answers.
Wood dust exposure and risk of sinonasal cancer development
Authors: Ozga Alicja Maria , Obuchowska Aleksandra , Standyło Arkadiusz , Wójcik Justyna , Obuchowska Karolina
Published: October 2020

Introduction:The incidence of sinonasal cancers (SNCs) is quite rare; they contribute to 0,16% of all malignant tumors and to 3% among head and neck cancers. The survival rate remains poor - it is 59.5% for 5 years. The two most common subtypes are squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC). Both subtypes of SNC are associated to occupational exposures. Main risk factors for SNC include chemical components, wood and textile dusts, nickel and chromium, welding fumes. Thus, people doing particular jobs are at higher risk of SNC.  Purpose: Evaluation of the influence of wood dust on SNCs development. Materials and methods: We performed a database research using Pubmed, Google Scholar, Springer Link and ResearchGate and we made review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. We searched for studies analyzing the relationship between wood dust and sinonasal cancer incidence. Results: Studies have shown that the risks of SNCs were great for workers in wood-related jobs, especially cabinetmaking, carpentry or joinery. There was a strong correlation between ADC incidence and wood dust, however the morbidity for SCC was also high. Conclusions: SNCs development is related to the occupational exposures. People engaged in jobs associated with wood processing are at great risk. Proper ventilation and protection is necessary while doing wood-related jobs. Key words: wood dust; nasal sinus carcinoma; occupational exposure; ADC
Robotic Surgery in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnoea Syndrome
Authors: Standyło Arkadiusz , Obuchowska Aleksandra , Wójcik Justyna , Ozga Alicja , Obuchowska Karolina , Trojanowski Piotr
Published: October 2020

Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea (OSAH) syndrome is a sleep disorder characterised by pauses in breathing (apnoea) or periods of reduced breathing (hypopnoea) during sleep. It  results in cerebral hypoxia and a disturbed sleep pattern. The gold standard treatment for OSA is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, significant number of patients are not able to tolerate this device and approximately 50% of patients report inability to achieve long term usage to CPAP.Robotic surgery is an emerging technique for sleep surgery. TORS is an alternative treatment for OSA for patients who have failed CPAP treatment or conventional non-robotic sleep surgery. This technology is assisted by remote-controlled miniaturized surgical instruments and magnified visualization with a high-definition three-dimensional camera. Tongue base reduction (TBR) refers to the primary focus of this targeted surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).TORS approach for OSA may include 2 different surgical steps frequently combined in the same procedures according to the patient’s features: tongue base reduction and supraglottoplasty (SGP).In the light of the present results and of the literature, TORS tongue-base reduction appears to be effective. With the improved visualization and precise tissue removal provided by robotic surgery, TORS may become more widespread in the treatment of OSA in the coming years. There was an improvement in objective and subjective sleep measures. The comparison among pre-operative and post-operative parameters showed a significant decreasing in post-operative AHI, ESS and an increasing of the lowest SpO2 value.
Implementation of experimental cellular (cellular-genetic) therapies on the example of eye diseases
Authors: Kapczuk Patrycja , Rogulska Karolina , Stangret Anna , Mularczyk Agata , Szczęśniak Angelika , Topczewska Katarzyna , Grzeszczak Konrad
Published: October 2020

The development of technology and a modern research approach in the 21st century has enabled access to new therapies in many fields of medicine and nanotechnology. Work on the use of cellular therapies is carried out in leading centers around the world. According to the "clinicaltraial.gov" service, it is estimated that there are about 5.5 thousand clinical trials using stem cells. The classification of stem cells is based on their potential to differentiate into other cells, tissues, organs or the whole organism. In cell therapy 3 groups of stem cells are used: Pluripotent Stem Cells (PSC), multipotent and unipotent, which have two common features: the ability to self-revalue, that is, to divide and to differentiate in many directions. To date, there are no objective, randomized clinical trials that would clearly determine the efficacy and safety of the cell therapy used in ophthalmic diseases. Hope is given by gene therapies such as the recently approved Luxturna™ gene therapy used in hereditary retinal degeneration caused by mutations in the RPE65 gene. Research is currently underway on experimental cell therapies to treat the following diseases of the optic system: glaucoma, retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), optic nerve atrophy, retinal pigmentation (RP) and Stargardt's disease. Stem cell-based medical therapies are a promising and rapidly developing method of innovative treatment, especially for conditions that were previously considered incurable. The use of experimental cellular gene therapies in diseases of the visual organ gives hope to both patients and scientists, but the age of regenerative medicine has yet to come.
Loneliness among seniors
Authors: Skierkowska Natalia , Topka Weronika , Kwiatkowska Małgorzata , Prylińska Monika
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Loneliness is a universal phenomenon that affects people of any age. But it becomes especially painful for people over 60 years of age. Loneliness makes seniors vulnerable to isolation and marginalization.Aim: The aim of the article is to present the topic of loneliness among the elderly.Material and methods: The article analyzes the current literature from EBSCO and Google Scholar websites. The keywords used are: loneliness, elderly, loneliness, senior.Results: Loneliness is one of the greatest problems of the modern world. There are many causes of loneliness from geographic factors to loneliness caused by illness. The factor determining loneliness is the conscious withdrawal of seniors from activity due to, for example, their disability.Conclusions: Loneliness and loneliness contribute to the deterioration of the quality of life of seniors.
The use of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of intestinal diseases
Authors: Ręka Gabriela , Nowak Emilia , Psiuk Dominika , Rocka Agata , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: October 2020

Introduction and purpose            Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a process of transferring gut microflora from a healthy donor to a recipient. It is indicated that the human distal gastrointestinal tract consists of more than 1000 species of bacteria, which have an impact on local and systemic processes related to immunity, nutrition and the gut-brain axis. The growth of new bacterial species, reduction of microbial variety or big changes in the ratio between them can lead to a dysbiosis. The relationship between intestinal microbiota and some systemic diseases is seen.The study aimed to present the state of knowledge on FMT in the treatment of intestinal diseases. Publications from the last 5 years from the Pubmed database were included.A brief description of the state of knowledgeIntestinal diseases constitute the main group of indications for FMT. FMT can be delivered via upper or lower gastrointestinal routes. The review presents different studies concerning the usage of FMT. Among them, recurrent Clostridium difficile infection, colitis ulcerosa, Crohn’s disease and irritable bowel syndrome are mainly indicated in the literature. FMT might find its application also in a treatment of multidrug-resistant organisms colonization, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, gut acute graft-versus-host disease and radiation enteritis. There is a possibility of the occurrence of adverse events from the digestive tract after FMT. However, the studies evaluate them as mostly mild and transient. In some cases it was necessary to repeat FMT to achieve a satisfactory final result.ConclusionsFecal microbiota transplantation gives hope for a safe and effective method of treatment of certain intestinal diseases. There is a need for conducting further analysis of the method.
The treatment of diabetes with new generation drugs
Authors: Marosz Szymon Jan , Borkowska Aleksnadra Joanna , Mikulska Paulina , Borkowska Katarzyna , Kowieska Jolanta
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Diabetes is a global problem, affecting nearly 422 million people around the world. Pathogenesis includes a defect in secretion or insulin activity. This results in an increase in the glucose level, which is associated with the development of complications. These include changes in peripheral vessels and nerves that lead to their damage. It is necessary to introduce appropriate treatment in the earliest stages of the disease to prevent these effects.Materials and methods: The aim of this work is to present knowledge about the treatment based on the recommendations of the Polish Diabetes Association, American Diabetes Association, as well as a literature review and analysis of publications published on PubMed and Google Scholar platforms.Results: Over the years, the recommendations and recommendations for treatment change. Recently, a greater role has been given to the latest antidiabetic drugs. This group includes SGLT-2 inhibitors as well as incremental drugs, the main representatives of which are GLP-1 analogues. These drugs affect the level of glycemia, but also have a beneficial effect on weight reduction and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Recently, Poland has introduced reimbursement of some new generation antidiabetic drugs such as dapaglyphosin, empaglyphosin and canaglyphosin.Conclusions: Dynamic development of diabetes treatment helps to slow down the course of the disease and postpones the introduction of insulin therapy as the final treatment method. Reimbursement of some antidiabetic drugs enables patients to have better access to drugs that have not been within their reach so far. The changes introduced are, in a way, groundbreaking in the treatment of diabetes.
Influence of vegetarian diet on human body
Authors: Wójcik Piotr , Rogowska Monika , Chyćko Małgorzata , Tomczyk Jan , Sobstyl Anna , Krasowska Danuta , Kozłowska Marta
Published: October 2020

All over the world there are more vegetarians than in previous years due to many reasons. One of them is positive influence on health what is shown in the latest research. The aim of the article is to review the influence of vegetarian diet on frequent diseases such as: hypertension, obesity,osteoporosis.An analysis of scientific papers from Pubmed and Google Scholar was performed, which most accurately described the issue of impact vegetarian diet on human health. The following keywords have been used in the search:Vegetarian, hypertension, obesity, osteoporosis:vegetarian, hypertension, obesity, osteoporosis.The researchers shown than vegetarians have lover systolic blood pressure  and diastolic blood pressure by 10 and 5 mmHg, they also lower overall mortality by 10-15%, risk of heart failure and by ~40%,  stroke by~35% and coronary events by 20%. Vegetarians also have statistically  lower body mass index. What’s more in this diet is more energy efficient thanks too low food energy density and helps keeping leptin on adequate level. Research has shown than vegetarians have lower mineral bone density than non-vegetarian, although some studies has shown that  risk of fractures in vegetarians and non-vegetarians was not affected by diet alternation. Based on the results of the studies above vegetarian diet contributes to lower blood pressure and preventing from cardiovascular diseases. It helps to avoid obesity and  to get rid of weights also doesn’t have negative impact on osteoporosis.
Risk factors of the gastric cancer – the short review
Authors: Jarosz Piotr Michał , Oszczędłowski Paweł , Pytka Michalina , Nowaczek Justyna
Published: October 2020

Introduction and purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent malignancies around the world. There were nearly 1 million new cases in 2018. Gastric malignancies have heterogeneous etiopathogenesis. Lifestyle, socioeconomic status, blood group A, medical condition, Helicobacter Pylori infection, family history, genetic polymorphism, diet, demographic characteristics, occupational exposure, ionizing radiation are considered as predisposing factors.Objective: The purpose of our study is to review a currently available data on PubMed about risk factors of gastric cancer to consider better understanding of gastric cancer etiology.A brief description of the state of knowledge: Current studies suggest that red meat, pickled vegetable or alcohol consumption, low socioeconomic status, cigarette smoking, blood group A and Helicobacter Pylori infection increase risk of GC. Decreased risk of gastric cancer is observed in case of white meat consumption, statin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs intake. It seems that family history and other genetic predispositions may have a crucial role in gastric cancer development.Conclusions: Variety of environmental, genetic and medical factors are considered with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The awareness of its existence facilitates pathogenesis of gastric malignancies and enables the implementation of proper diagnostic procedures, screening programs and prophylaxis.
Analysis of the safety of using e-cigarettes during pregnancy. The literature review
Authors: Machowiec Piotr Artur , Maksymowicz Marcela , Niemirski Dominik
Published: October 2020

Introduction and objective: The popularity of e-cigarettes around the world has been increasing in recent years. The reason for this may be a relatively lower cost of use and a lower amount of toxins compared to traditional cigarettes. E-cigarettes are more often picked by women of reproductive age compared to the general group of women. Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge: According to recent studies, pregnant women consider e-cigarettes safer than tobacco cigarettes, which may be due to being advertised as a less harmful product compared to traditional cigarettes. Although some electronic cigarettes do not contain nicotine, they also consist of glycol, glycerin, fragrances and heavy metals that may adversely affect the development of the fetus. Furthermore, the statements of some significant healthcare institutions are divided on the safe use of e-cigarettes by pregnant women, even in the case of treating them as an aid in the smoking cessation process. Summary: No clear understanding is noticed regarding the effects of using electronic nicotine delivery systems during pregnancy on maternal, fetal or newborn health, so there is a high need of further studies assessing the safety of these noncombustible tobacco products. However, it can be an feasible alternative to traditional cigarettes, when trying to quit smoking by pregnant women.
The awareness of Polish society about bee pollen and its health-promoting properties - preliminary assessment of factors determined bee pollen supplementation in survey-based study
Authors: Sławiński Mirosław , Jarosz Piotr Michał , Jasielski Patryk , Zarobkiewicz Michał , Wawryk-Gawda Ewelina , Jodłowska-Jędrych Barbara
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The apiculture is an old and long-established craft. Bee pollen is a flower pollen packed by bees and used as a food source for a hive. Mainly, it consists of simple sugars, protein, fatty acid but also minerals and vitamins. Bee pollen has multiple properties: antioxidative, antineoplastic, antibacterial and much more. It is commonly used by herbalists in treatment of certain medical conditions. Nevertheless, it is unsure whether bee pollen has any health benefits.Purpose: The aim of our study was to assess initially a knowledge of respondents about bee pollen and find out which factors can determine bee pollen supplementation.Materials and methods:  The study was based on an on-line questionnaire, which was created by using Google Forms tool. It consisted of 27 both open and closed questions. Anonymity and resignation opportunity were warranted. The statistical analysis based on questionnaires were elaborated by using R custom script.The Pearson Chi-square test was applied to investigate the relationship between bee pollen usage and: (a) gender, (b) body mass index (BMI) and (c) living area.Results: The study was based on questionnaires given to 511 respondents, 153 of them were represented by men, whereas 358 by women. The 403 respondents gathered what was bee pollen. Bee pollen has been used by 123 persons (24% of respondents). Majority of respondents knew what bee pollen is. However, only one third of this group already used this product in their diet. People who took bee pollen had awareness about the advantages of this dietary supplement. Interestingly, Chi-square test analysis showed that the relationship between bee pollen usage and gender, as well as bee pollen usage and BMI is statistically significant. Contrary, there is no relationship between bee pollen and living area. Conclusions:  Our study has highlighted the issue of this problem area among polish society. Quarter of respondents have ever used bee pollen as a part of their diet. Current results show that polish society has been able to have the knowledge about its beneficial properties, because of their declaration submitted to our survey.
Application of positioning and transfers in oncological physiotherapy
Authors: Filarecka Agnieszka , Jęchorek Michał
Published: October 2020

Rehabilitation as a process of return to fitness should take place at every stage of the disease. Stimulation to restore lost motor function should take place all day, including when lying in bed or transferring from one position to another. Placement items are an indispensable component of restoring floatation, as well as the element of nursing the patient. By correct arrangement of the patient we affect the stimulatory nervous system. Thanks to the correct arrangement we prevent bone-joint changes, lymphedema and also stimulate the cerebral cortex.This articule aims to propose the positioning of the patient and his transfers as a passive way of rehabilitation.
Modern look to the risk factors and prevention of cervical cancer
Authors: Rybin A. I.
Published: October 2020

An analytical review of research in the field of epidemiology and carcinogenesis of cervical cancer and measures and technologies for the prevention of this form of cancer has been carried out. There are considered data on the main proven risk factors for cervical cancer, which are as follows: certain characteristics of sexual behavior and reproductive history, sexual infections and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), tobacco smoking and some other lifestyle characteristics. According to world reference data the analysis of existing methods of cervical cancer prevention including sanitation, HPV vaccination and various types of screening for cervical cancer was conducted. Data on the significance, effectiveness and availability of various preventive technologies are presented.
A Note on Gödel, Priest and Naïve Proof
Authors: Carrara Massimiliano , Martino Enrico
Published: October 2020

In the 1951 Gibbs lecture, Gödel asserted his famous dichotomy, where the notion of informal proof is at work. G. Priest developed an argument, grounded on the notion of naïve proof, to the effect that Gödel’s first incompleteness theorem suggests the presence of dialetheias. In this paper, we adopt a plausible ideal notion of naïve proof, in agreement with Gödel’s conception, superseding the criticisms against the usual notion of naïve proof used by real working mathematicians. We explore the connection between Gödel’s theorem and naïve proof so understood, both from a classical and a dialetheic perspective.