bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Particle Filters to Solve the Problem of Symmetric Multiple Solutions in Robot Inverse Kinematics
Authors: Chiang Chien-Lin , Hsieh Chang-Chen , Chiang Yi-Yuan , Lin I-Long
Published: August 2024

Encountering multiple solutions is the most severe problem in inverse kinematics of robot arms. Multiple solutions usually appear in symmetrical forms; it means that the joint angles vary greatly between two symmetrical postures. During the operation of the robot arm, the path through any joint space should be smooth. Otherwise, there will inevitably be situations where the joint angle jumps significantly between two adjacent timesteps. In this paper, we propose a novel method to solve robotics inverse kinematics for manipulators. This method utilizes particle filters to track the possible postures of planar robot arms given the positions of the end effectors. In this way, the poses of the robot arms are modeled as particles within these filters. The particle filter algorithm is an iterative process, which tracks the angles of joints by averaging the particles and regenerates populations so that particles can converge to the arm poses. In addition, particles can remember the previous values after regeneration, so that the inverse poses do not follow a non-differentiable path in the joint spaces. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we implemented a simulator and tested the performance of the particle filters in a nonlinear end terminal path.
Exploiting Virtual Reality Visualisation Feature for Intangible Cultural Heritage in a Tourism Industrial Chain
Authors: Ji Shaojun , Zhang Lu , Zhou Zisen , Yang Hongji , Shi Meiyu
Published: August 2024

Virtual reality (VR) has been increasingly used in the exploitation of the source of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) for tourism, and VR-induced ICH tourism products are popping up all the time. However, there is a lack of study on VR-induced ICH tourism from the perspective of the industrial chain and a comparison of media suitable for ICH tourism products. Using the case of the Cloisonne art experience tour of the Beijing Enamel Factory, China, this study explores the application of VR in the marketing aspect of the tourism industrial chain (TIC), and compares existing media and classifies them into flat screen and VR. Researchers used a 360-degree camera to shoot the handmaking skills of metal wire inlay and paint blue, these are important steps of Cloisonne making process and part of the tour. The 360-degree video provides tourists with a pre-trip opportunity to experience the scenery of the Cloisonne production site, which helps arouse their interest in the Cloisonne art experience tour and facilitate their decisions to travel to the field. Additionally, visitors can learn how to make metal wire inlay by themselves by playing/replaying the video, which may arouse their interest in gaining knowledge about the Cloisonne art and, in turn, taking the tour. The findings indicate that the application of VR could contribute to tourism marketing by providing a pre-trip virtual experience to potential tourists and involving them in product marketing.
Konsep Kartu Kredit (Bithaqah I’timan) Sebagai Alat Pembayaran dalam Hukum Islamkum Islam
Authors: Muaidi
Published: August 2024

Konsepsi Kartu Kredit dalam prakteknya sudah menjadi kebutuhan bagi sebagian orang dalam melakukan transaksi bahkan hampir sebagian besar perbankan dan non  menggunakannya sebagai alat transaksi akan tetapi tidak dapat digunakan untuk melakukan transaksi atas barang-barang yang tidak diperbolehkan oleh syariat atau transaksi atas barang-barang yang dilarang. Kartu kredit syariah hanya dapat diakses transaksinya pada barang-barang yang telah ditentukan dengan kriteria kehalalannya.. Adanya penerbitan kartu kredit bagi nasabah maka ada yang harus diperhatiakn diantaranya : pilihan kartu kredit yang akan digunakan, membutuhkan pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam perjanjian, konsep penerbitan kartu kredit, akad Al â€˜ariyah, Al Wakalah (perjanjian pemberian, Al Kafalah (perjanjian penanggungan).   dalam kartu kredit syariah, kreteria pengguna kartu kredit hanya diberikan kepada nasabah yang memiliki pendapatan/gaji yang layak dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan,, termasuk hubungan yang ada dalam kartu kredit syariah. Dari kartu kredit yang diproleh nasabah dimanfaatkatkan maka hak dan kewajiban para pihak akan ada termasuk juga ketentuan hukum dengan mengikuti pendapat para ulama berdasarkan dalil masing-masing dan DSN (Dewan Syariah Nasional) MUI melalui fatwanya tentang kartu kredit syariah bagi pengguna kartu kredit syariah.
Strategi Pengembangan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean
Authors: Rama Putra Haki  , Ahmad Shobari  , Syarifah Gustiawati
Published: August 2024

This research aims to find the clear overview about the development strategy of human resource management in dealing with the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at PT. Goenoeng Poetri Lestari in Tasikmalaya. This is done considering it needs to develop a good development strategy of human resources management in accordance with broader market coverage like ASEAN. This research used descriptive-qualitative methods. The results of this research shows that social system method approach is utilized by PT. Goenoeng Poetri Lestari in their approach. Furthermore, the results of their SWOT analysis there are such as strength, it comes from their number of human resources that 95% employees who live in Gunung Putri area itself help company easier to mobilize; as their weakness, commonly most of their employees are newbie in their job experience; meanwhile the existence of PT. Goenoeng Poetri Lestari as the only one company in that area becomes their opportunity to develop easier; and last their threat comes from their inexperience human resources. It is worried that they cannot compete with AEC. In addition, the human resources development programs that was carried out by PT. Goenoeng Poetri Lestari are twice apprenticeship programs of the manpower goverment office and several small traingings for each fields.
Politik Hukum Undang- Undang Otonomi Daerah Dalam Mewujudkan Pemilu Kepala Daerah Secara Demokratis
Authors: Muhammad Faozan
Published: August 2024

Politik hukum undang-undang pemerintah daerah teradap pemilihan kepela daerah secara demokratis ialah untuk melahirkan kepemimpinan daerah yang cerdas, kuat, memegang teguh kearifan lokal yang memiliki nilai-nilai Pancasila, tanggung jawab dan amanah, sehingga pemilihan kepala daerah dilakukan secara demokratis. Jadi bisa dikatakan politik hukum undang-undang pemerintah daerah terhadap pemilihan kepala daerah secara demokratis belum stabil dan dinamikanya selalu berubah mengikuti perkembangan yang terjadi di masyarakat, kemudian politik hukum undang-undang pemerintah daerah ini termasuk pada politik hukum yang pragmatis Politik hukum yang baik ialah yang berpedoman pada politik hukum nasional Indonesia yang sarat akan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Sehingga untuk kedepannya dalam membuat peraturan perundang-undangan tentang pemilihan kepala daerah harus secara holistic karena dengan adanya pilkada (pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung) diharapkan dapat menciptakan pemimpin daerah yang berkualitas, bermartabat dan bermoral, sehingga masyarakat Indonesia dapat hidup secara normal serta layak, sejahtera, adil dan makmur.
The Abilities of English and Asean Economic Community; The Challenges for Islamic High School Students
Authors: Abrar
Published: August 2024

The ASEAN Economic Community is a term that we often hear lately. This term often appears in various types of media both print and electronic. The term is certainly very synonymous with the term that was first born as the European Economic Community (EEC). This journal explores how the ability of English students specifically in Islamic higher education will be a challenge in facing the Asean Economic Community. The method used is a qualitative method by interviewing representatives of 5 students and 1 English lecturer in 5 private Islamic colleges on Lombok island. Based on the results of  interview on December 2018, they are: a. English has not become a priority in the development of universities, b. Student ability is still weak in English, c. MEA is not considered a big challenge in economic development.
Prediksi Jumlah Kunjungan Wisatawan Kabupaten Lombok Barat Menggunakan Algoritma Long Short Term Memory
Authors: M. Imam Budi Laksamana  , Ema Utami  , Hanif Al Fatta
Published: August 2024

Kabupaten Lombok Barat merupakan salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang memiliki daya tarik tersendiri bagi wisatawan lokal maupun internasional. Salah satu sektor yang paling terdampak besar terhadap intensitas kunjungan wisata adalah hotel. Untuk meningkatkan diperlukan upaya yang tepat untuk memelihara objek wisata sehingga dapat menjadi daya tarik bagi wisatawan. Dalam upaya pemeliharaan objek wisata, Dinas Pariwisata Lombok Barat perlu melakuakan analisa dan prediksi kedatangan wisatawan lokal maupun internasional, dalam prosesnya analisa dan prediksi, pemerintah kabupaten Lombok Barat melakukan pengumpulan data kunjungan wisatawan dari setiap pintu masuk objek wisata yang dimana pada prosesnya memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama dan membutuhkan sumber daya manusia yang cukup tinggi. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dilakukan proses prediksi menggunakan sistem komputasi dengan machine learning agar nantinya waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam analisa dan prediksi menjadi lebih singkat dan kebutuhan akan sumber daya manusia yang tinggi bisa teratasi. Metode yang akan diterapkan dalam prediksi adalah Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), atribut dan nilai yang digunkan dalam model LSTM adalah nilai input layer 1, lalu nilai epochs 100 dan batch size 1, berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) memiliki performa yang kurang baik dalam memprediksi jumlah kunjungan wisata kabupaten Lombok Barat menggunakan data rentang waktu bulanan dari tahun 2017-2021, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil uji evaluasi yang dilakukan dengan mencari nilai Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), dimana hasil model prediksi akan dikatakan baik jika memiliki nilai error yang lebih kecil. dimana nilai Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) yang dihasil dalam penelitian ini cukup tinggi yaitu 10479,30.
Perspektif Islam Tentang Pembagian Pusaka Pada Kasus Munasakhat di Desa Kabar Kecamatan Sakra Lombok Timur
Authors: Syahdan
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hal-hal yang menjadi faktor timbulnya hak dan penghalang mendapatkan hartapeningalan atau pusaka,dan memahami penyelesaian perhitungan baik menurut Islam maupun hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan dan ilmu pengetahuan dan sebagai bahan pengkajian selanjutnya untuk melakukan penelitian bagi peneliti tentang harta pusaka atau warisan; dan secara praktis, dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman dalam menyelesaikan hukum waris khususnya yang berkaitan dengan munasakhat.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu; (1) metode observasi, (2) metode wawancara, dan (3) metode dokumentasi.Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terjadinya perbedaan yang cukup jelas pada sistim penyelesaian kasus munasakhat ini, baik secara hukum Islam maupun hukum positif. Konsep penyeselesaian masalah munasakhat pada hukum Islam adalah dengan membuat masalah pertama dan masalah kedua kemudian membuat masalah jami‟ah yang merupakan masalah perpaduan antara siham si mayyit kedua, asal masalah pertama dan kedua.Adapun pada hukum positif tanpa membuat masalah jami‟ah, namun memperhatikan golongan karena setiap golongan dapat menggugurkan ahli waris golongan setelahnya. Maka pada hukum positif sama sekali tidak membutuhkan adanya masalah jami‟ah.
Tradisi dan Modernitas dalam Perspektif Al-Jabiri; Pemikiran Islam Kontemporer
Authors: Hadia Martanti
Published: August 2024

Tradition and modernity about Islamic thought continues to develop along with the style and reality of Islam today, especially in connecting classical Islamic thought and contemporary Islam. One of the Islamic thinkers who sparked the grand dsigen of Arab Islamic thought was Mohammad Abied Al-Jabiri. He is a thinker who also tries to design pragmatic thinking in seeing the Islamic world. The method used in this paper is the descriptive analytic thinking of Mohammad Abied Al-Jabiri by examining several books written directly by the thinker. The results of the study indicate that Al-Jabiri's Islamic thinking strongly emphasizes the epistemology of contemporary Arabic thought as a way to deal with modernity. Al-Jabiri has surpassed ideology in its civilization project, by arranging tetralogy. his serious book was worked on. In his book Nahnu wa At-Turats: Qira'ah Mu'ashirah fi Turatsina al-Falsafi (We and the Heritage of Contemporary Reading to Our Philosophical Heritage), Al-Jabiri maps procedural differences between ideologically charged thoughts and epistemological Arabic philosophy. According to Al-Jabiri, the epistemological content of Arab-Islamic philosophy, namely science and metaphysics has an intellectual world different from its ideological content, because the second charge is related to socio-political conflict when it is built. Both terms (epistemological-ideological) are often used by Al-Jabiry in his study of Arabic Intellect. The term epistemology is a collection of thought rules that are ready to be used in various social conditions. Meanwhile, the term ideology is a social and political condition that influences the direction of thinking of each character in the time and place where he is
Analisis Praktik Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah Melalui Penerapan Mobile Banking
Authors: Vicky Yuwandy
Published: August 2024

Poverty is a huge danger to humanity and not a few people who fall into civilization are only due to poverty. Poverty reduction efforts continue to be promoted one of them by empowering groups with the development of Microfinance. A country with a Muslim majority like Indonesia, initiatives have been taken to implement Islamic microfinance institutions. One way to measure the financial performance of Islamic microfinance institutions is to look at the implementation of the Accounting Information System (AIS) in loan disbursement and loan repayment. To achieve maximum service performance, innovations such as the use of mobile banking are needed. Based on the above reasons, this study aims to determine the use of information technology in improving the quality of financial reporting on Micro Small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), and the practice of using e-services in facilitating accounting information systems for MSMEs using the services of Islamic Micro Finance in Bogor. This study uses quantitative methods. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, while data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS 16. The results of the analysis show that the Accounting Information System has a significant effect on MSME actors facilitated by LKMS in Bogor Regency for financial reporting. On the results of simultaneous testing or F test shows the variable mobile banking has a significant positive effect on the accounting information system and research shows that most respondents use information technology to support their productivity.
Pengaruh PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto), Suku Bunga, dan Inflasi Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah Periode 2014-2017
Authors: Muhammad Irsyad  , Ahmad Mulyadi Kosim  , Hilman Hakim
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence GDP (gross domestic product), interest rate,and  Inflation toward ROA (return on asset). The method that writer applied is multiple regression linear.The data are secondary, based on finance report 4 years. The results show that are simultaneous influence of variable GDP (grossdomestic product), Interest Rate,and Inflation toward ROA (return on asset).The result also show there is a significant partially influence toward ROA (returnon asset), whereas Interest Rate has no partially Influence toward ROA (return on asset). The result adjusted R square show that the influence of GDP (gross domestic product), interest rate,and  Inflation toward ROA are 94,6%,  and the rest 5,4% was affected by othervariables and not included into this regression analysis.
Konstitusionalitas Pengaturan Tindak Pidana Administrasi Dalam Undang-Undang
Authors: Humam Balya  , Umar Mubdi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan parameter konstitusional politik kriminal dalam pengaturan tindak pidana administrasi berdasarkan putusan-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi mengenai pengujian ketentuan pidana dalam undang-undang. Pasalnya, diperlukan ukuran tertentu agar sanksi pidana dapat digunakan secara selektif dan terukur. Penulisan hukum ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif. Dengan data sekunder berupa sumber hukum primer yakni putusan-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, peraturan perundang-undangan, serta sumber hukum sekunder berupa buku, jurnal, dan artikel ilmiah. Kemudian data yang didapat dianalisis secara deskriptif (analitik)-kualitatif.  Dari penulisan hukum ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa, politik kriminal dalam pengaturan tindak pidana administrasi menurut Mahkamah meliputi aspek penentuan perbuatan pidana (kriminalisasi) dan ancaman pidana (penalisasi). Adapun argumentasi-argumentasi Mahkamah sebagai parameter yang berkaitan antara lain mengenai (i) kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum, (ii) perlindungan masyarakat, (iii) overcriminalization, (iv) hukum pidana sebagai ultimum remedium dan memperhatikan eksistensi hukum lainnya, (v) ketentuan konstitusional adresat, (vi) teknis perumusan norma, dan (vii) disparitas sanksi pidana dalam tindak pidana administrasi
Pemberdayaan Siswa sebagai Kader Simantik (Siswa Pemantau Jentik) dalam Upaya Sekolah Bebas Nyamuk
Authors: Dewi Ervi Rachma , Caesar David Laksamana , Jamaludin Jamaludin , Almayda Akbar Raihan
Published: August 2024

Penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD) telah menyebar luas ke seluruh wilayah provinsi di Indonesia. Penyakit ini sering muncul sebagai kejadian luar biasa (KLB) dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang relatif tinggi.  Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kudus menemukan 48 kasus DBD pada awal 2024 di 19 Puskesmas yang tersebar di Kota Kretek. Mayoritas kasus DBD menyerang anak-anak usia 5 sampai dengan 15 tahun. Penyebaran penyakit DBD diduga terjadi saat anak beraktivitas di sekolah. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini agar terbentuk kader Simantik dan terwujudnya sekolah bebas nyamuk.  Metode dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan ceramah dengan media power point, pelatihan praktik pemantauan jentik dengan menggunakan form pemantauan jentik dan evaluasi pemahaman peserta. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di 10 SD di wilayah Kecamatan Mejobo dengan jumlah peserta 150 siswa. Seluruh siswa mengikuti serangkaian kegiatan pemberdayaan dengan antusias dan pada saat evaluasi seluruh peserta mampu menjawab pertanyaan dari fasilitator. Simpulan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat meliputi sosialisasi dengan metode ceramah mengenai sekolah bebas nyamuk dan penyakit DBD.  Selanjutnya dilakukan pelatihan praktik pemantauan jentik di lingkungan sekolah dan diakhiri dengan diskusi.
Pendidikan Kesehatan untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan tentang Pencegahan Penularan Tuberculosis (TB ) Paru di Puskesmas Randublatung Blora
Authors: Faidah Noor , Hartini Sri , Winarsih Biyanti Dwi , Widyaningsih Heryanti , Narti Narti , Yusianto Wahyu , Wulan Emma Setiyo
Published: August 2024

Prevalensi Tuberculosis di Indonesia tahun 2020 tercatat sebanyak 285/100.000 dengan angka kematian 27/100.000 penduduk. Di Indonesia ada 1 juta kasus TB baru pertahun (399/100.000 penduduk) dengan 100.000 kematian pertahun (41/100.000 penduduk). Penyakit ini dapat menular dari orang ke orang melalui droplet orang terinfeksi. Penyakit TB terjadi karena perilaku dan sikap penderita yang kurang baik dalam mencegahan penularan. Upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan pencegahan TB paru melalui promosi kesehatan dengan pendidikan kesehatan. Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan  pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penularan pada pasien TB paru di Puskesmas Randublatung Blora. Metode dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini metode ceramah dan tanya jawab secara langsung kepada peserta dengan evaluasi diberikan Pre-and Post Test tentang pencegahan penularan pada pasien TB paru. Sasaran dalam program ini sejumlah 33 orang. Hasil pengabdian ini mendapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penularan TB.  Sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan paling banyak kategori cukup 24 (72,7%), dan pengetahuan setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan paling banyak kategori baik 24 (72,7%). Terdapat  peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penularan pada pasien TB paru di Puskesmas Randublatung Blora. Disarankan agar petugas kesehatan menerapkan program edukasi secara berkala kepada penderita TB untuk mengurangi resiko penularan pada orang lain
I Plan de diversitats de la Universitat de València
Authors:   Universitat de València
Published: August 2024

El I Plan de diversitats pretende constituirse como un marco de acción para la actividad que hay que desplegar en la Universitat de València en materia de diversidad en los próximos años (2024-2027). Con este Plan se pretende contribuir a la disminución de las desigualdades por razón de origen racial o étnico, de religión, de modelo de família, de identidad o de expresión de género, desarrollo sexual u orientación sexual que continúan operando en nuestra universidad. Especialmente, nace con el objetivo prioritario de luchar contra las desigualdades más graves que se producen en relación con el derecho a la educación y el acceso a la universidad.
El marco regulador de identificación de las empresas y entidades de la Economía Social: especial referencia a la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias
Authors: Domínguez Cabrera María del Pino
Published: August 2024

En el presente trabajo se aborda la economía social desde su aspecto conceptual, tanto estatal y autonómico, prestando atención a las nuevas propuestas legislativas que configuran cambios conceptuales en la norma estatal. Para ello se atiende a la novedosa regulación de la Comunidad Autónoma Canaria, en tanto en cuanto, queda incorporada en el buscado ecosistema legislativo de la economía social, permitiendo confrontar el estado actual de la cuestión con la recogida en el anteproyecto de Ley integral de impulso a la economía social. El análisis comparativo permite constatar que las técnicas legislativas utilizadas son diversas, aunque comprobándose que se persigue la misma finalidad, que es la de mostrar una estructuración en la identificación de las empresas y entidades de economía social ajustada a las condiciones y necesidades de este modelo.
Los valores y principios cooperativos frente a la legislación protectora del consumidor en Costa Rica
Authors: Sánchez Boza Ligia Roxana , Jacobo Zelaya Carlos José
Published: August 2024

En el 2020 se modificó la Ley de Promoción de la competencia y defensa efectiva del consumidor con efectos en las operaciones de crédito en las cooperativas porque se pusieron límites a las deducciones voluntarias del salario como forma de pago. Varias normas constitucionales entraron en un aparente conflicto al momento de considerar los derechos del consumidor, los derechos del trabajador y los derechos y deberes de los trabajadores afiliados a una cooperativa. Frente a esa situación toma importancia revisar si existe una conexión de esa problemática con los Valores y Principios Cooperativos, así como el estudio de la influencia y posible vinculación de los Estados con la Recomendación 193 como fuente de interpretación de la legislación cooperativa.
Estímulo para la sostenibilidad del movimiento cooperativo en Costa Rica. Aprobación de reforma de ley para reducir a 8 el número de asociados para formar una cooperativa
Authors: Navas Alvarado Sergio , Campos Montero Jorge Arturo
Published: August 2024

La modificación a la Ley 4179 emitida el 22 de agosto de 1968, ratificada el lunes 22 de abril de 2024, representa un importante paso evolutivo, singular y adaptativo, en la emisión de legislación pública costarricense atinente al sector cooperativo. Parte de la justificación de la aprobación de esta ley se sustenta en que esto abrirá la puerta para la creación de nuevas cooperativas, abriendo oportunidades en sectores deprimidos de la sociedad, así como a jóvenes. En este trabajo analizamos y argumentamos que, si bien la modificación de esa ley es un paso positivo, es sólo el primero en un cambio de enfoque que es necesario para dinamizar el sector cooperativo y para mejorar las posibilidades de éxito de las nuevas empresas que se formen. Analizamos las oportunidades de crecimiento que podría tener el sector dentro del marco del comportamiento del crecimiento económico del país.
Policja a protesty Strajku Kobiet – perspektywa kryminologiczno-socjologiczna
Authors: Szczepaniak Irmina
Published: August 2024

Niniejszy artykuł dotyka jednej z najczęściej dyskutowanych w Polsce w 2020 roku kwestii (obok pandemii COVID-19 i wyborów prezydenckich) – tematyki aborcji i protestów Strajku Kobiet, który miał miejsce w dość krytycznej dla społeczeństwa sytuacji pandemicznej. Nieoczekiwana publikacja wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie K 1/20 z 22 października 2020 roku podzieliła Polskę na kilka obozów światopoglądowych. Liczne dyskusje w ówczesnym czasie wywołały także działania funkcjonariuszy Policji zabezpieczających zgromadzenie. Choć danych na temat przebiegu samych protestów kobiet jest wiele, zazwyczaj koncentrowały się one na relacjach uczestników lub rzeczników prasowych Policji. Autorka postanowiła spojrzeć na te kwestie z innej perspektywy badawczej – od strony funkcjonariuszy Policji, z którymi przeprowadziła anonimowe wywiady pogłębione.   This article deals with one of the most discussed issues in Poland in 2020 (alongside the COVID-19 pandemic and the presidential election) – abortion, and the women’s protests that sprang up during a critical situation for society – the COVID-19 pandemic. The unexpected publication of the Constitutional Court’s judgment split Poland into several camps. Numerous intense debates were also caused by the actions of the police officers securing the gathering. Although there are many sources examining the women’s protests, they have usually focused on either statements from participants or police spokespersons. The author decided to look at these issues from a different research perspective – from the perspective of police officers, with whom she conducted anonymous in-depth interviews.
Tadeusz Kuczma – polski kryminolog okresu międzywojennego
Authors: Szuba-Boroń Anna
Published: August 2024

Tadeusz Kuczma (1905–1940) był polskim kryminologiem, którego aktywność naukowa i akademicka na Uniwersytecie Poznańskim przypadła na czas dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. W historii kryminologii polskiej został zapamiętany jako postać wybitna. Kryminologię studiował nie tylko w Instytucie Kryminologicznym Uniwersytetu Paryskiego, ale także podczas dwuletniego stażu naukowego w Stanach Zjednoczonych, gdzie współpracował m.in. z Edwinem Sutherlandem, Thorstenem Sellinem, Ernestem Burgessem, Franzem Alexandrem. Kuczma do polskiego dorobku kryminologicznego zdążył wnieść swą habilitacyjną monografię i koncepcję „genetycznego ujęcia przestępstwa”, opierającą się na krytycznej i głębokiej analizie ówczesnej kryminologii, analizie uwzględniającej socjologiczną perspektywę badań kryminologicznych podejmowanych przez socjologów z Uniwersytetu Chicagowskiego.   Tadeusz Kuczma (1905–1940) was a Polish criminologist whose scientific and academic work at the University of Poznań coincided with the interwar period. In the history of Polish criminology, he is remembered as an outstanding figure. He studied criminology not only at the Institute of Criminology of the University of Paris, but also during a two-year research internship in the United States, where he collaborated with such scientists as Edwin Sutherland, Thorsten Sellin, Ernest Burgess and Franz Alexander. Kuczma’s contribution to Polish criminology consists mainly in the monograph he wrote for his habilitation and the concept of the ‘genetic approach to crime,’ which is based on a critical and profound analysis of the contemporary state of criminology and takes into account the sociological perspective of criminological research undertaken by sociologists from the University of Chicago. Apart from a few mentions, Kuczma remains generally unknown in Polish criminology. This paper presents the profile and criminological views of Tadeusz Kuczma.
O sprawiedliwą pamięć jest trudno
Authors: Łętowska Ewa
Published: August 2024

O sprawiedliwą pamięć jest trudno. Trzeba przecież dokonać wyboru. On zaś tworzy znaczenie, ale jednocześnie iluzję, stop-klatkę z całego przebiegu wydarzeń i faktów, z jakich zbudowane jest czyjeś życie. Gdyby wybrać z jakiegokolwiek życiorysu kilka znaczących zdarzeń, etapów działania, wypowiedzi, aby je przedstawić w opowieściach kilku autorów – każdy wybrałby zupełnie inne momenty. A i każda opowieść byłaby zupełnie inna. Niniejszy tekst to laudacja wygłoszona przez Autorkę na konferencji dedykowanej Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu. Trzy sytuacje zostały w nim wybrane jako decydujące dla laudacyjnej sylwetki Jubilata: (1) obecnie najbardziej rzucająca się w oczy, jego rola symboliczna; (2) jego formacja poprzez krytykę prawa PRL; (3) jego optymistyczna wiara w dobre prawo.   Just memory is hard to come by. We must, after all, make a choice. In turn, we create meaning, as well as an illusion, a static image from the entire course of events and facts from which someone’s life is built. If we were to choose a few significant events, stages of action or statements from any life story to present in the stories of several authors, everyone would choose completely different moments. And each story would be completely different. This paper is a laudatory speech that I delivered at a conference dedicated to Professor Andrzej Rzeplinski. I chose three situations that define the professor’s achievements: (1) his symbolic role, which is currently the most conspicuous one; (2) his formative role through criticism of the law of the People’s Republic of Poland; and (3) his optimistic belief in good law.
Zrozumieć odstąpienie od przestępczości. Definicje, teorie i kierunki badań empirycznych
Authors: Biel Krzysztof
Published: August 2024

Odstąpienie od przestępczości jest dominującą kategorią badawczą w kryminologii i pedagogice resocjalizacyjnej od przeszło 30 lat. W Polsce nie jest to jednak kategoria dobrze znana i zbadana. Specyfika szerokiego nurtu badań nad odstąpieniem od przestępczości wyraża się w tym, że nie wyjaśnia, dlaczego ludzie popełniają przestępstwa, ale raczej dąży do wyjaśnienia, dlaczego ludzie starają się zakończyć karierę kryminalną. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja najnowszych ustaleń dotyczących definicji odstąpienia od przestępczości i teoretycznych perspektyw wyjaśniających mechanizmy zmiany w procesie odstąpienia. Ponadto wskazane zostaną możliwe kierunki prowadzenia badań empirycznych w zakresie kryminologii i pedagogiki resocjalizacyjnej, które mogą mieć zastosowanie w naszym kraju i mogą wzbogacić nasze rozumienie procesu odstąpienia od przestępczości. Desistance from crime has been a dominant research category in criminology and resocialisation pedagogy for more than 30 years. In Poland, however, it is not a well-known or commonly researched topic. The peculiarity of the broad stream of research on desistance from crime is that it does not explain why people commit crimes, but rather seeks to explain why people end their criminal careers. The aim of this article is to present recent findings on the definition of desistance from crime and theoretical perspectives that explain the mechanisms of change in the process of desistance. In addition, possible directions for empirical research in the field of criminology and resocialisation pedagogy which may be applicable in our country and which may enrich our understanding of the process of desistance from crime are indicated.
Legal and institutional changes in the Ukrainian penitentiary system since independence in 1991 and in the aftermath of the Russian aggression on Ukraine
Authors: Dubchak Liudmyla
Published: August 2024

The State Criminal Executive Service of Ukraine has gone through a difficult path of development, which was accompanied by changes in the system of criminal punishment, criminal justice, and criminal punishment. The article analyzes the main periods of the development of Ukraine’s prison system since independence in 1991. Special attention is paid to legal and factual changes during the war and after 2014 in general. The main factors and reasons that influenced the formation of modern state policy and specific changes in this regard were identified. The determining factor was Ukraine’s choice for democratic development, a course for European integration, and transformations to establish the higher values of law. The article analyzes the legal aspects of criminal punishment, criminal justice, and enforcement. The article also examines changes to regulations in these areas in connection with reforms that were carried out. It was demonstrated that the reform of the prison system took shape as a new approach to the treatment of prisoners and the creation of appropriate conditions in penitentiaries. It was noted that due to these reforms in the prison system, there were changes to the purpose and task of penal institutions. In particular, penitentiaries changed the nature of their purpose from an exclusively repressive and isolating institution to a resocializing one. The article draws attention to the fact that the reforms to the management and organization of the prison service led to fewer prisoners. Before the early 2000s, the number of prisoners in Ukraine was significantly higher, decreasing fourfold after that time. Corresponding steps in the prison policy of Ukraine to optimize the work of penitentiaries in recent years have been to “conserve” them (suspend operations for a certain period)1, to sell them, and to introduce paid cells in detention centers. Significant attention in the article is paid to the challenges in the development of the prison system associated with the Russian military aggression since 2014 and in its most difficult phase, which began on February 24, 2022. The significant steps taken in the prison policy to confront these problems with a view to ensuring the functioning of penal institutions unaffected by the Russian occupation and to guaranteeing the protection of prisoners’ rights are analyzed.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: The Bergen 4-Day Treatment (B4DT) (1. utg)
Authors: Martinsen Kristin D. , Rognli Erling W
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Formålet med denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket B4DT for tvangslidelse/OCD rettet mot barn og unge i alderen 11–18 år.
Tiltaket er rettet mot barn med en diagnostisert tvangslidelse og formålet med behandlingen er en lettelse i symptomer på denne lidelsen og bedre fungering i dagliglivet. Det teoretiske grunnlaget for tiltaket er kognitiv atferdsterapi og spesielt eksponeringsterapi med responsprevensjon, hvor ungdommen skal utsette seg for stimuli eller situasjoner som fremkaller frykt og samtidig unnlate å utføre tvangshandlingene. Tilbudet gis over 4 dager og karakteriseres som en konsentrert behandling. B4DT tilbys i spesialisthelsetjenesten. Barn og foreldre får tiltaket i gruppe hvor det er en terapeut for hver pasient. Helse Bergen HF og Klinikk for 4-dagers behandling ved Haukeland sykehus er ansvarlig for tiltaket i Norge.
Metode: Kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk søk fra databasene Embase, Medline og PsykInfo, NORART, Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS, SweMed, Cambell, NREPP, NICE, Blueprint og CEBC samt materiell fra tiltakseier. Søket ble gjennomgått for å identifisere nordiske effektstudier, internasjonale kunnskapsoppsummeringer samt annen relevant informasjon om tiltaket. To nordiske artikler ble identifisert i den aktuelle aldersgruppen og disse ble inkludert i kunnskapsoppsummeringen.
Resultater: Resultatene innbefatter en oppsummering av tiltakets beskrivelse, inkluderte forskningsstudier, forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og implementeringskvalitet. B4DT bygger på teori som er godt beskrevet i litteratur om OCD. Målgrupper og målsetting er godt beskrevet, men det foreligger ikke en manual som beskriver gjennomføring av tiltaket. Etablerte måleinstrumenter er benyttet og tiltaket er gjennomført i vanlig klinisk praksis. De inkluderte studiene undersøker effekt i et prepost-design uten kontrollgruppe, og det er ikke rapportert bruk av sjekkliste eller video-analyser for å kvalitetssikre behandlingens innhold. Det er beskrevet omfattende opplæring og kvalifikasjonskrav, og veiledning for å opprettholde kvalitet hvis resultat faller under forventet standard. Resultatene er positive med store effektstørrelser for tvangssymptomer for ungdom i alderen 11–18 år, men små utvalg gjør at den presise størrelsen på effektene ikke kan fastslås.
Konklusjon: B4DT for tvangslidelse hos barn og unge i alderen 11–18 år klassifiseres på evidensnivå 3: Tiltak med noe dokumentasjon på effekt.
Dette begrunnes i solid teoretisk forankring samt positiv behandlingseffekt indikert i to ukontrollerte behandlingsstudier for ungdom i alderes 13–18 år. Det er behov for å få gjennomført randomiserte kontrollerte studier hvor B4DT sammenlignes med annen aktiv behandling. Videre er det behov for hvordan behandlingen virker på yngre barn (under 13 år).
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Parent Management Training – The Oregon Model (PMTO) som individuell foreldreveiledning (2. utg.)
Authors: Stormark Kjell Morten , Christiansen Øivin
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering av effektene av Parent Management Training- Oregonmodellen (PMTO), gitt som et individuelt foreldreveiledningstiltak.  Tiltaket består av ukentlige veiledningsmøter med foreldre, av ulik varighet. Målgruppen er familier med barn som har atferdsvansker. Tiltaket er utviklet ved Oregon Social Learning Center. Nasjonalt utviklingssenter for barn og unge (NUBU; tidligere Atferdssenteret AS) har de norske rettighetene.
Metode: Litteratursøk i Embase, Medline, Psykinfo, NORART, Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS, SweMed ble supplert med to artikler. Totalt 26 artikler ble funnet å være relevante, hvorav ni publikasjoner basert på syv studier undersøker tiltakets effekt/effektivitet.
Resultater: PMTO er et godt beskrevet tiltak med en systematisk implementeringsstrategi. Det er gjennomført én norsk og én islandsk RCT effektivitetsstudie med målinger før og etter behandling og én norsk studie av langtidseffekter ett år etter avsluttet behandling.  I tillegg er det gjennomført én studie på effektene ved spredningen av tiltaket i vanlig praksis i Norge, som også er brukt for å evaluere effektene av PMTO på undergrupper. Effektene av PMTO er også sammenlignet med et annet foreldreveiledningsprogram (De utrolige Årene; DuÅ). Det er gjennomført én norsk og én islandsk studie av metodeintegritet. Alle studiene holder moderat høy forskningsmetodisk kvalitet. Med unntak av sammenligningen med DuÅ er det funnet statistisk signifikante effekter av PMTO som, selv om de er små og ikke helt konsistente, er funnet å ha praktisk betydning. Testing av statistiske modeller tyder på at tiltakets virkningsmekanisme er i tråd med tiltakets teoretiske modell.
Konklusjon: PMTO som individuelt foreldreveiledningstiltak for barn med atferdsvansker klassifiseres på evidensnivå 5 – Tiltak med sterk dokumentasjon på effekt.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Zippys venner (2. utg.)
Authors: Neumer Simon-Peter , Mathiassen Børge , Bjørknes Ragnhild
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering om effektene av programmet Zippys venner. Programmet er et universalforebyggende skolebasert tiltak for barn i første til fjerde klasse. Hovedmålet med intervensjonen er å styrke barns evne til å takle stress. Programmet gjennomføres med ukentlige økter og er basert på stress-mestringsteorier (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). Tiltaket implementeres i Norge via organisasjonen Voksne for Barn.
Metode: Denne oppsummeringen er basert på et systematisk litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline og Psykinfo, NORART Cochrane, Cristin, Nora, Scopus og SweMed. To nordiske studier tilfredsstilte inklusjonskriteiene til Ungsinn og ble inkludert i oppsummeringen. Artikkelen er en revisjon av en tidligere oppsummering i Ungsinn (Bjørknes, 2013), men revidert i henhold til nye vitenskapelige kriterier for klassifisering i Ungsinn.
Resutater: Resultatene inkluderer en vurdering av tiltakets beskrivelse, eksisterende effektstudier, kvalitet på forskningsmetoder og implementeringskvalitet. Intervensjonen er godt beskrevet, og det fremkommer av beskrivelsen hva som er mål, målgrupper og metoder i tiltaket. Det foreligger to nordiske effektstudier. I den ene er det benyttet en kvasi-eksperimentelt design, mens det i den andre er benyttet et randomisert klyngedesign. Begge studiene inkluderer både pre-post målinger og en sammenligningsgruppe. Den ene av studiene var gjennomført med god metodisk kvalitet. Denne viste positiv effekt på elevenes mestring, og at elevene ble flinkere til aktivt å søke støtte og hjelp. Den andre studien hadde utilfredsstillende forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og resultatene fra denne studien er derfor lite pålitelige.
Konklusjon: Zippys venner er klassifisert på nivå 4 - Intervensjon med tilfredsstillende dokumentasjon på effekt.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: ICDP (2. utg.)
Authors: Reedtz Charlotte , Lauritzen Camilla
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering om effektene av tiltaket International Child Development Programme (ICDP) i Norge. Artikkelen er en revisjon av en tidligere beskrivelse av det samme tiltaket i Ungsinn (Reedtz, 2009). ICDP er et foreldreveiledningsprogram som søker å støtte barns psykososiale utvikling gjennom styrking av omsorgspersonens kompetanse i deres omsorgsutøvelse for barn. ICDP er et lavterskel, tidsavgrenset og strukturert veiledningstiltak for omsorgspersoner for barn i alderen 0-18 år. Tiltaket er utviklet av Karsten Hundeide og Henning Rye. Tiltakseier i Norge er Bufdir og ICDP Norge. ICDP blir gjennomført på de arenaer der barnet og dets omsorgsgivere holder til i lokalmiljøet samt i fengsel dersom omsorgsgiver/e er fengslet.
Metode: Denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Norart, Cochrane, Cristin, Nora, Scopus og Swemed. Fem artikler basert på delvis samme utvalg tilfredsstilte inklusjonskriteriene.
Resultater: Resultatene omfatter en oppsummering av tiltakets beskrivelse, inkluderte effektstudier, forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og implementeringskvalitet. ICDPs målsettinger, tiltaksarenaer, utforming og metoder er beskrevet. Det foreligger én studie som gjennom to artikler har undersøkt tiltakets effekt i norsk kontekst. Disse benyttet et kvasi-eksperimentelt design og bygger på pre- og posttestmålinger (artikkel 1), samt måling mellom 6 og12 måneder etter avsluttet intervensjon (artikkel 2). I tillegg er det tre artikler der ulike grupper er sammenlignet før og etter deltakelse i ICDP. Totalt sett var det ingen effekt for de fleste utfallsvariabler som ble målt på tvers av studiene. Resultatene viste noen små positive effekter for enkelte utfallsmål knyttet til foreldreatferd (f.eks. Foreldrestrategi, Håndtering av barnet og Engasjement i barnet), vansker hos barnet (f.eks. SDQ Innvirkning på barnet og SDQ Total) og foreldres psykososiale helse. Studiene er imidlertid utført med svak forskningsmetodisk kvalitet og dette skaper usikkerhet om hvorvidt effektene er reelle og kan tilskrives tiltaket. Tiltaket har noen rutiner for å kvalitetssikre implementeringen, men ingen helhetlig strategi for dette eller spredning av tiltaket.
Konklusjon: Basert på Ungsinns kriterier klassifiseres ICDP på evidensnivå 3 – Tiltak med noe dokumentasjon på effekt.
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: SMIL – Styrket mestring i livet (2. utg.)
Authors: Vis Svein Arild , Havnen Karen J. Skaale
Published: August 2024

Bakgrunn: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering av effektene av tiltaket SMIL (Styrket mestring i livet). Artikkelen er en revisjon av en tidligere beskrivelse av samme tiltaket i Ungsinn (Vis, 2011). SMIL er et gruppebasert lærings- og mestringstilbud for barn og unge i alderen 8-12 år som har foreldre med psykisk sykdom og/ eller rusproblemer. Formålet med tiltaket er å forebygge utviklingsvansker gjennom å gi støtte, informasjon og opplevelse av mestring til barn som pårørende.
Metode: Denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen bygger på et systematisk litteratursøk i databasene Embase, Medline og Psykinfo, NORART Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS og SweMed samt informasjon gitt fra tiltakseier i Norge.
Resultater: Ingen effektstudier ble funnet. Tiltakets bakgrunn, innhold og metoder er godt beskrevet i tiltakets materiell. Tiltaket har god forankring i teorier om psykoedukasjon samt om risiko- og beskyttelsesfaktorer som kan påvirke barns psykososiale utvikling i familier hvor foreldre sliter med psykisk sykdom eller rusproblemer. Tiltakseier tilbyr ikke opplæring i programmet, men kan gi råd og veiledning om oppstart av grupper. Det tilbys i liten grad implementeringsstøtte, og det foreligger ikke system for å sikre at tiltaket gjennomføres i tråd med manualen. Det foreligger ingen studier der tiltakets effekt er undersøkt.
Konklusjon: SMIL klassifiseres på evidensnivå 2 – Teoretisk begrunnede tiltak.
Systematic review and classification of: ART – Aggression Replacement Training/Adapted Aggression Replacement Training (AART) (2. ed.)
Authors: Rasmussen Lene-Mari P. , Strøm Henriette K.
Published: August 2024

Background: This article summarizes the current knowledge about the effects of Aggression Replacement Training (ART). This is a revision of the previous article (Kjøbli, 2009), but updated according to the new Ungsinn guidelines and criteria. The Scandinavian adapted version (Adapted Aggression Replacement Training; AART) was also included in this review. ART/AART is an educational group-based multi-modal program aimed at increasing youth’s social competence through the three main components; social skills training, anger management and moral reasoning. The main goal of the intervention is to replace aggressive behavior by increasing the youths’ social skills. The duration of the intervention is recommended to be 10 weeks, where each of the three components is completed once a week, preferable in a separate ART-room. The group consists of 4-8 participants, and is managed by one main trainer and one co-trainer.
Method: This review builds upon a systematic literature search in the databases Embase, Medline and Psychinfo, NORART Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS and SweMed. Seven articles, three Nordic effect studies, one international review, and three other Norwegian studies were included in this Ungsinn review of the effectiveness of ART.
Results: The results consist of an evaluation of the description of the intervention, the results from the effectiveness studies, methodological quality of the research, and implementation quality. The theoretical foundation of ART/AART is well documented, and the written guidelines for implementation are well described. The studies that have examined the effectiveness of the interventionhave a weak methodological research quality according to the Ungsinn criteria.
Conclusion: ART/AART is classified at evidence level 3 –Intervention with some documentation of effect.