bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Importance of the Community of Practice in Identity Development
Authors: Davis Janis
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine what processes facilitate, temper, or impede occupational therapy identity development in a community of practice. Methods: A multiple case design organized data collected from five in-depth interviews with occupational therapy students on level II fieldwork. A cross-case analysis was used to arrive at multiple case themes. Results: Themes emerged as responses to participation in a community of practice: a) professional relationships; b) supervision types; and c) responsibility for professional identity development. Results suggest that communities of practice have unique characteristics that either inhibit students from adopting professional identity or draw them closer to the center of the profession. Conclusions: Responsibility for professional identity development lies with both student and community of practice. These findings suggest attention must be paid to the quality of the community of practice if students are to experience a successful trajectory into the profession of occupational therapy.
TELEVİZYON REKLAMLARININ TÜKETİM KÜLTÜRÜNE ETKİSİ THE EFFECT OF TELEVISION ADVERTISEMENTS ON CONSUMPTION CULTURE
Authors: YAVUZ Cemil
Published: August 2021

The concept of "other", which is made attractive by different discourses in the consumption culture, is presented to users as an object to be consumed. The other phone, the other house, the other body, etc., which the consumers desire to reach. advertisements are always made more attractive than what they have. In a sense, instead of marketing products to people in line with their needs, new needs are tried to be marketed to this audience. As a result, in today's rapidly changing world, the necessity of going beyond traditional stereotypes has arisen in understanding consumer behavior. While examining the purchasing behavior of consumers, some new facts brought about by the changing and globalizing world order should also be taken into account, apart from the classical factors. Advertising is one of the most important concepts that trigger social consumption. Advertisements reach the target audience through different channels and television advertisements take a large share of this part. What is important for a company that advertises is that it prefers its own brand among the many different brands when the consumer goes to the market. However, with the emergence of many similar brands in the same categories, classical advertisements are not enough for a product to be the first choice in the minds of the consumer. In this study, how the desire factor that is tried to be evoked in television commercials is processed in the commercials. The relationship between the interest levels of consumers' gender identities and socioeconomic status levels regarding advertisements and the effect of these concepts on the shaping of consumption culture is discussed in scale.
INFLUENCE OF MAGNESIUM (Mg) SOURCE ON THE Cordyceps militaris (L.) MUSHROOM MYCELIUM GROWTH
Authors: Rózsa Melinda , Măniuțiu Dănuț-Nicolae , Egyed Emese
Published: August 2021

Magnesium (Mg) is an element with a role in oxidation processes. The optimal concentration of magnesium for the development of fungi is associated with an optimal concentration of phosphorus (P), which through its essential constituents, is an important element for the existence of biological systems in nature through nucleic acids, phospholipids, phosphoglycerides, phytin and phosphates. Magnesium has a role in the activity of certain enzymes and in respiration, being a component of protein substances with a special importance for microorganisms being included in reducing and phosphorylating enzymes and for protein synthesis. In this study, magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), which is an accessible source of both magnesium and sulphur, as well as magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) were used as sources of magnesium, both being used in different concentrations in the growth medium. The culture medium or substrate influences the growth of the fungal mycelium, through the mineral, nutritive and stimulating substances in their composition. Using experimental culture media, an isolated tissue culture was performed from 2 strains of Cordyceps militaris (L.) fungus. The culture was performed in Petri dishes, incubated at a temperature of 24 ° C, aiming to increase the mycelium for 15 days. The highest increase was recorded by strain CI 32 with the addition of magnesium sulphate.
APPLICATION OF METAGENOMICS IN ECOLOGY: A BRIEF OVERVIEW
Authors: Chiriac Luiza Silvia , Murariu Dumitru
Published: August 2021

Starting from the fact that in a microbial community even the concept of species is poorly defined and often debated, but closely related organisms tend to share a substantial amount of genomic sequences, together with a large number of physiological and biochemical properties, it was developed metagenomics. The discipline of metagenomics, defined as the genomic analysis of all microorganisms in a given niche environment, has evolved as an effort to find out more about the microbial diversity of natural environments, such as soil, seawater and the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates and invertebrates. The purpose of this paper was to bring in front the discipline of metagenomics which will be used in many scientific areas in the future. Our paper represents a brief review of the literature available on the internet regarding the definition, description of metagenomics but also its possibilities of its application in ecology. Moreover, this paper contains the description of MG-RAST software as bioinformatics method that is suitable for usage of metagenomics in ecological studies.
Production of a Model Water Fountain Using Ceramics for Interior Decoration in Anambra State
Authors:   Department of Fine and Applied Arts, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Emeka Phd Okonkwo, Ivan
Published: August 2021

Water fountains have been produced by sculptors, architects and engineers over the years in Nigeria, however the production of water fountains in ceramics is not popular and could be rarely seen in public spaces, longues and interiors of public buildings especially in Anambra State. In view of this; this project entitled “Production of a Water Fountain using Ceramics for Interior Decoration in Anambra State” was designed to enlighten the society that ceramic materials could be used for the production of water fountain instead of other media like cement and metal. Also, that water fountain when situated in the interior of the house will help in relaxation thereby reducing some tensions and stress after all day work. Data used were sourced from both primary and secondary sources. An explorative method of research was employed in the project. The processes involved in the execution of the work were showcased in detail. The study observes that majority of water fountains seen around were made using cement instead of ceramics, which is more durable, hygienic, attractive and nature friendly, hence the need for this project. This work encourages more research in this area of study.
Color, Caption and Emoji – Using Instagram as a Screening Tool for Depression in Teenagers and Adults
Authors:   Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Enciu, MD Alexandra
Published: August 2021

Instagram, the largest growing social network site today, has grown exponentially since its launch in 2010. Mental health challenges, particularly anxiety and major depressive disorder in those aged 16 to 30 have been associated with Instagram’s popularity. Depression is of particular interest to health care providers within the public health sector: it affects 264 million people globally; suicide is the second most common cause of death in 18 to 29-year-olds. This age group also constitutes the main demographic group of Instagram users. A narrative review was conducted on peer-reviewed articles between January 2019-July 2020 to analyze Instagram use and its association with depression, and using it as a tool to diagnose depression. PubMed, EBSCO, NCBI, NIH, and Google Scholar were used to source articles published between 2015-2020. The narrative review focused on four primary papers. The first study looked at the social comparison theory, while the second and third studies used screening questionnaires in conjunction with analyzing an individual’s Instagram content into text-based scores. The fourth study analyzed the content of photos which were posted to give insight into an individual’s status regarding depressive states. Accounting for 18 to 30 year olds’ Instagram usage into how they engaged with content can accurately screen for, and diagnose depression.
The Role of Tourism in Promoting Export Performance in Indonesia: Gravity Model Approach
Authors:   Universitas Airlangga, Refiana Andin Rahma
Published: August 2021

The tourism sector has the opportunity as a source of information regarding the demand preferences of foreign tourists for goods produced in tourist destination countries. The preference of foreign tourists in this study is measured by using the value of Indonesian exports of goods to the country of origin of tourists one year after their visits. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the tourism sector in increasing demand for exports of domestic goods by foreign tourists. To overcome the endogeneity problem, this study uses the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) as an instrumental variable which is estimated by Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). By using data on exports of goods based on Broad Economic Categories, the results show that the preferences of tourists from Malaysia, Singapore, China, Japan, and Australia for Indonesian products are in food and beverages (primary), food and beverages (processed), industrial commodities. supplies, and consumer goods. These results conclude that the tourism sector can boost export performance through intensive and extensive trade margins.
PROFIL NABI MUHAMMAD SAW DAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKANNYA
Authors: Kurniawan Nurkholis , R Rohmat
Published: August 2021

Nabi Muhammad SAW merupakan nabi terakhir yang diutus oleh Alloh SWT untuk menyempurnakan akhlak umat manusia. Beliau adalah seorang nabi sekaligus rasul yang telah membebaskan kita (umat manusia/Islam) dari masa “kegelapan”. Banyak sekali keteladanan yang nabi berikan kepada kita terutama dalam masalah pendidikan. Apalagi pendidikan zaman sekarang yang semakin modern agar tetap seimbang dan tetap pada jalan yang lurus maka dibutuhkan sosok teladan yang ideal untuk dijadikan panutan. Terutama pada pendidikan karakter anak-anak sekarang yang sudah mulai berkiblat kekiri. Terlena akan canggihnya teknologi sehingga lalai akan keuletan dalam mengasah potensi diri.
Assessment of Reasons of Parents' Refusal to Vaccinate Their Children
Authors: Jokubauskaitė Greta , Galdikienė Nijolė
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Parents who do not have enough knowledge and scientifically based information about vaccines, their benefits and harms lead to the wrong approach to vaccination, they are beginning to question the usefulness of vaccines and it is necessary and completely refusing to vaccinate children so that there could be possible consequences.

Research aim. To evaluate the reasons for parents refusing to vaccinate their children and possible consequences.

Research methods. The study was performed using a quantitative descriptive research method. The study participants were parents (n = 394) who refused to vaccinate their children with at least one vaccine from the recommended pediatric preventive vaccination calendar.

Results. The results of the study revealed that parents are aware of preventive vaccinations against infectious diseases, but only a third agree that preventive vaccinations are the main way to protect against infectious diseases. Usually, parents do not vaccinate their child for fear of vaccine complications; through an intensive vaccination calendar; due to excessive components in vaccines; because the child's immunity in the event of an infectious disease is better than that acquired after vaccination; vaccinations can cause certain additional diseases and parents believe that vaccines are a way for companies to make money.

Conclusions. False information about the safety of vaccines in the media and on the Internet has a major influence on parents' decision to vaccinate their children. Due to insufficient information available and the wrong attitude about vaccination parents tend not to trust the benefits of vaccination. The main reasons why parents refuse to vaccinate their children are fears about vaccine complications and side effects, an over-intensive vaccination schedule, and the amount and impact of vaccine ingredients.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): applications and calibration strategies
Authors: Filho Edenir Rodrigues Pereira
Published: August 2021

The publishing company "Ibero-americana de Educação" presents an ebook organized by professor Edenir Rodrigues Pereira-Filho, from Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos campus. The organizer presents a collection of texts that lead us several applications and developments proposed by two research groups: Group of Applied Instrumental Analysis (GAIA) and Group of Alternative Analytical Approaches (GAAA). The texts were prepared and organized by current and former students, researchers and partners companies. The goal is to present texts that show the main idea behind each application or development. Computational routines and Excel templates are available for the readers and it is important to mention that nobody do good things alone. We hope that the material will be useful for the specialized audience.
Pyomyositis bij een niertransplantatiepatiënt na het doormaken van een diepe veneuze trombose
Authors: VAN LINTHOUT D. , DOUBEL P.
Published: August 2021

Pyomyositis in a renal transplant patient after experiencing a venous thromboembolism

Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of skeletal muscle tissue that results in localized abscess formation. In the past this disease was endemic to tropical areas, but in recent decades the number of cases in temperate climates has been increasing. The diagnosis is difficult and often delayed. Diagnosis can be made by MRI. Treatment consists of surgery and intravenous antibiotics.

In this case report a 75-year-old renal transplant patient was diagnosed with pyomyositis after experiencing a venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the rarity of this syndrome, pyomyositis is more often described in the relevant literature than one would expect.

Confounding factors in this case were the recent experience of VTE, as well as an existing lumboischialgia; risk factors were the immunosuppressive status, diabetes mellitus and the recent VTE. Noteworthy with this case of pyomyositis was the atypical germ and muscle group. Finally, the further course of the disease in this case made clear that the possible side effects of a therapy should always be considered when starting treatment.
Pengaruh Kebiasaan Membaca di Media Online terhadap Penguasaan Kosakata Selama Pembelajaran Online
Authors: Hastuti Dwi Puji , Pratama Rizky Mirani Desi
Published: August 2021

Virus Covid-19 telah menyebar di Indonesia yang menyebabkan seluruh proses belajar mengajar berubah dari pembelajaran langsung menjadi pembelajaran online. Pembelajaran menggunakan media online menuntut siswa untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajarnya terutama kebiasaan membaca dan penguasaan kosakata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebiasaan membaca di media online terhadap penguasaan kosakata selama pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari mahasiswa semester tiga program studi Bahasa Inggris di Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei  dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebanyak 20 pertanyaan pilihan ganda yang terdiri dari 10 pertanyaan mengenai variabel kebiasaan membaca dan 10 pertanyaan mengenai variabel penguasaan kosakata. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 responden dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi sederhana, analisis korelasi, koefisien determinasi dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t dan uji-F dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan membaca di media online berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris selama pembelajaran online, dengan demikian hipotesis diterima. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa kebiasaan membaca di media online berpengaruh terhadap penguasaan kosakata. Hipotesis alternatif diterima dan hipotesis nol ditolak. Koefisien determinasi variabel kebiasaan membaca di media online melalui penguasaan kosakata sebesar 59,4% dan sisanya sebesar 40,6% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
Pendidikan Anti Korupsi sebagai Tindakan Preventif Perilaku Koruptif
Authors: Wibawa Dhevy Setya , Agustian Murniati , Warmiyati M Tri
Published: August 2021

Korupsi merupakan perilaku yang sudah membudaya dan fenomena ini umum dijumpai di masyarakat. Keprihatinan muncul karena pelaku korupsi ditemukan baik di lembaga pemerintah maupun swasta, serta melibatkan pimpinan lembaga yang sejatinya menjadi role model bagi generasi muda. Upaya yang telah ditempuh untuk mengurangi meningkatnya kasus korupsi adalah melalui aspek hukum. Namun upaya preventif melalui aspek pendidikan yang mampu membongkar “budaya korupsi”, belum banyak diterapkan. Pendidikan anti korupsi merupakan upaya preventif untuk membangun kesadaran dan integritas diri terhadap perilaku koruptif. Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh gambaran apakah pendidikan anti korupsi dapat mengembangkan kepekaan dan kepedulian mahasiswa terhadap masalah korupsi. Metode penelitian berupa penelitian tindakan melalui refleksi diri secara kolektif yang diintegrasikan dengan pendekatan student centered learning yang dilakukan secara berkelompok dan dicapai melalui tindakan kritis reflektif anggota kelompok sebagai individu yang diukur hasil belajarnya. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 25 mahasiswa, yang berasal dari 7 fakultas. Hasil temuan yang diperoleh yaitu mahasiswa mampu mengidentifikasi tindakan koruptif berdasarkan pengalaman pribadi dan kelompok. Tindakan korupsi yang ditemukan pada mahasiswa misalnya korupsi waktu, datang terlambat, menyontek. Partisipan juga mampu mengidentifikasi dampak perilaku korupsi waktu pada individu maupun lembaga (ormawa). Partisipan menyadari dengan melakukan korupsi waktu akan mengakibatkan ‘efek domino’ dari tindakan koruptif tersebut. Pada Tahap refleksi, partisipan mengungkapkan adanya nilai-nilai integritas dalam bentuk kejujuran, bertanggungjawab dan konsistensi antara sikap dan perilaku, serta nilai agama yang diimani sebagai benteng menangkal tindakan koruptif. Pelatihan ditindaklanjuti dalam bentuk rencana aksi bagi perubahan diri yang berintegritas dan pengelolaan organisasi mahasiswa yang anti koruptif.
Model Remaja Putri: Body Image dan Bulimia Nervosa
Authors: Anindita Siti Mutia
Published: August 2021

Perubahan fisik yang sangat cepat menjadikan remaja putri sangat memperhatikan dan memiliki kesadaran tinggi mengenai citra tubuhnya. Citra tubuh yang tidak sehat dan munculnya gangguan citra tubuh (body image disturbance) dapat memberikan dampak buruk bagi remaja putri, yang paling mengkhawatirkan adalah bisa menyebabkan masalah klinis seperti bulimia nervosa atau anoreksia nervosa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara citra tubuh dengan kecenderungan gangguan bulimia nervosa pada model remaja putri. Penelitian ini melibatkan 62 responden dari 20% total populasi model remaja putri. Untuk mengukur citra tubuh menggunakan alat ukur MBSRQ yang dikembangkan oleh Thomas F. Cash (1989) dan telah diadaptasi oleh Jihan Kemala (2002). Sedangkan untuk mengukur kecenderungan bulimia nervosa, peneliti membuat alat ukur faktor-faktor individu yang mengalami gangguan bulimia nervosa, alat ukur tersebut terdiri dari 13 indikator. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji korelasi dengan menggunakan korelasi Spearmen’s rho. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan tidak ada hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara citra tubuh dengan kecenderungan bulimia nervosa pada model remaja putri. Artinya citra tubuh yang positif para model remaja putri tidak diikuti dengan menurunnya kecenderungan gangguan bulimia nervosa secara signifikan.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM AO PACIENTE POLITRAUMATIZADO EM EMERGÊNCIA HOSPITALAR: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Melo Dayane Maria da , Oliveira Andrea Oliveira da Silva , Nogueira Simone Maria , Bruno Manoel de Andrade  , Jessica Sena Lobo Penaforte  , Santana Filipe Almeida de , Laís de Carvalho Santos Bezerra  , Douglas Henrique da Silva Ferreira  , Wanuska Monique Portugal  , Giselda Bezerra Correia Neves
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Identificar a assistência de enfermagem ao paciente politraumatizado no ambiente hospitalar de emergência. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada a partir da análise de artigos científicos. Foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados: BDENF-BIREME, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), utilizando cruzamento dos Descritores de Ciências da Saúde (Decs): “Traumatismo Múltiplo”, “Emergências”, “Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência” e “Cuidados de Enfermagem” e operador booleano “AND”. Utilizou-se como critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, sem restrição de país e tempo de publicação. Sendo excluídos os estudos publicados no formato teses, monografias, dissertações, relato de caso e resumos de congresso; artigos indisponíveis na íntegra e aqueles que não abordavam a temática proposta. Resultados: Foram selecionados 18 estudos para análise.  A discussão dos artigos foi categorizada em 3 temas: dinâmica do trauma; atendimento à vítima de trauma; assistência de enfermagem ao paciente politraumatizado. Observou-se a necessidade de uma assistência padronizada e conhecimento do ABCDE do trauma para o atendimento inicial da vítima seja realizado em tempo ágil, de maneira correta, de forma integral e humanizada. Considerações: A vítima de múltiplos traumas requer cuidados iniciais específicos. Dessa forma, o enfermeiro deve possuir conhecimento técnico-científico e conhecimento do Processo de Enfermagem, pois é considerado um dos principais profissionais responsáveis pelo atendimento inicial, o cuidado e a manutenção da vida do paciente politraumatizado.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Traumatismo múltiplo. Emergências. Serviço hospitalar de emergência. Cuidados de enfermagem.
PROCESSO DE TOMADA DE DECISÃO - DECISÕES DE ROTINA E NÃO ROTINA NUMA EMPRESA DE CONSULTORIA
Authors: Falume Abede Cade
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo tem como objectivo principal, identificar a tomada de de cisões de rotina e de não rotina numa empresa que presta serviços de consultoria nas áreas de contabilidade fiscal, auditoria e assessoria em actividades agrárias, ambientais, financeiras, jurídicas e tecnológicas, localizada na cidade de Nampula, em Moçambique. Quanto à metodologia trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, baseada na bibliografia publicada que facilitou o encaixe de teorias e conceitos para acrescentar o conhecimento através da literatura referente a processos de tomada de decisão. Quanto à abordagem do problema classifica-se como indutivo e quanto à técnica utilizada classifica-se como bibliográfica e na recolha de informação foi utilizado um questionário dirigido ao Director Geral da empresa. Os dados foram recolhidos nos meses de Abril e Maio de 2021 dada a disponibilidade do interlocutor. Os resultados foram satisfatórios ao responderem ao objectivo geral que se pretendia com o tema, permitiu perceber que as decisões são tomadas por alternativas que melhor resolvem os problemas da empresa.
Degradation of aflatoxin in maize using Ferulic acid (phydroxy-3-methyl cinnamic acid) catalyzed by Hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Jacob Nicholas M. , Wandiga Shem O. , Kariuki David K. , Madadi Vincent O.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the rate of degradation of aflatoxin in contaminated maize using ferulic acid catalyzed by hydrogen peroxideMethodology: 100 g of dried maize grain was grounded using a laboratory hammer mill and divided into 2 portions of 50 g each. 20 g sample was taken per portion and treated with 100 mL solution of methanol and deionized water in the ration of 8:1, 50 mL of Acetonitrile, 1 g NaCl and 4 g of anhydrous magnesium sulphate, then blended at 120 RPM for 30 min. Aflatoxin content in each extract was analysed using enzyme-linked immunoassay test kits and confirmed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with fluorescence detector. Further experiments tested the effect of coating, size, concentration, catalyst and reaction time on degradation of aflatoxin in maize. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Microsoft excel.Findings: Four-hour treatment of contaminated maize with 0.5 mM ferulic acid reduced aflatoxin by 91.0% for whole maize, 90.5% for dehulled maize and 90.9% for ground maize. Addition of 20 mL of 0.5% hydrogen peroxide to the reaction mixtures increased degradation of aflatoxin load to 99.0% for whole maize, 99.1% for dehulled maize and 99.1% for ground maize within 4-hour reaction time. The rate of decontamination followed first order kinetics with R2 values of 0.919, 0.916 and 0.930 for the whole maize, dehulled maize, ground maize, respectively and achieved degradation half-lives of 43.59, 41.26 and 39.84 minutes in the same order.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Ferulic acid combined with hydrogen peroxide is an effective degrader of aflatoxin in maize. The rate degradation is dependent on the nature of maize pre-treatment, the concentration of ferulic acid, and the catalyst. Ferulic acid and hydrogen peroxide reacted with the lactone ring of the coumarin moity of aflatoxin. Recommendations; Further studies on degradation of aflatoxin in maize should elucidate the pathways and metabolites formed in the ferulic acid degradation process and determine their toxicities
Re-inventing Karna of the Mahabharata with a Renewed Perspective- A Review of Literature
Authors: Rai Bharathi S. , K. T. Manjula
Published: August 2021

Purpose: A casual look at the phenomena around us gives us a certain image, a certain perspective. When we have an insight into the same through a prism of investigation a new image, a new perspective emerges. The epic Mahabharata is so full of players who mesmerise the casual and serious readers alike. The plot is thick with kings, ministers, commanders, courtesans, mentors, soldiers, etc. Birth, lineage, warfare techniques have a role to play in deciding one's status in that setting. A character in Mahabharata that has been wronged vehemently from the social perspective and of relative deprivation is Karna.
Design / Methodology/Approach: The Review of Literature is carried out with the secondary data gathered from educational websites and written publications. The research will be conducted using Research Journals, Doctoral Theses, and websites. This qualitative research is carried out by examining and interpreting existing knowledge on the subject utilising the keywords “Adroitness, Deprivation, Karna, Kunti, Values” found in online articles, peer-reviewed journals, publications, and a range of related portals.
Findings/Result: Karna had asked his mother to officially identify him as her son even in his final moments. During his funeral, the Pandavas learned the heinous truth about their kinship. Krishna tells Kunti that Karna was a hero who died as a hero. Despite the fact that the world is full of greed, power, and betrayal, only Karna has chosen the path of righteousness. The only way to kill Karna was to take away all of his righteousness. Karna received legitimacy during his death, something he had desired his entire life. He'd finally earned his rightful place.
Originality/Value: This paper makes a sincere study of Karna a major character in The Mahabharata, the of whom is not available anywhere else in the world in any literature as Ramdhari Singh Dinakar opines. He exemplified the finest attributes of courage, honesty, friendship, benefaction, austerity, oblation, and emancipation of the oppressed. When pushed to their limits, all of these characteristics combined and manifested in Karna. Karna cultivated all his attributes by acquiring balanced knowledge in meditation, weaponry, and scriptures. Karna sprouted in secret, like a forest flower.
Paper Type: Exploratory research paper.
A Field Study of Atmospheric Corrosion of Carbon Steel after Short Exposure in Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: PRIYOTOMO Gadang , PRIFIHARNI Siska , NURAINI Lutviasari , TRIWARDONO Joko , ROYANI Ahmad , Sundjono Sundjono , PURAWIARDI Ibrahim , GUNAWAN Hadi
Published: August 2021

The investigation of atmospheric corrosion of mild carbon steel as representative of offshore infrastructure has been carried out in the marine tropical of Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java, Indonesia. They are exposed up to 76 days of periods, and their corrosion rates are determined according to ASTM G1-03. The surface morphology, the elemental compositions and compounds were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively.  The environmental parameters of the test site are monitored during exposure, such as air temperature, relative humidity (RH), airborne salinity and dew temperature. Based on the results, the corrosion rates of steels were 2.79 and 2.8 mpy within the 27 and 76 days exposures, respectively. The presence of chloride deposition on the surface of steel can increase the severity of corrosion. Moreover, the detrimental effect of chloride was observed in rust product, which was covered by an oxygen element. The main phases of rust products present were magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (α-Fe2O3.H2O). Several cracks were observed in the rust layer, which tended to exfoliate and lose adherence and protectiveness from further corrosion attack.
HIGHLIGHTS

The presence of chloride deposition on the surface of steel can increase the severity of corrosion.
The severity of corrosion attack mainly depends on the exposure time and some climatic parameters, such as relative humidity (RH), air temperature and chloride airborne.
The uniform distribution of the chloride tends to increase the production of ferrous chloride in high RH condition and the aqueous layer deposited on carbon steel.
There are two phases on corroded carbon steel such as hematite (α-Fe2O3.H2O) and Magnetite (Fe3O4) after exposure

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Intervenção fisioterapêutica precoce em lactentes de risco: uma vivência baseada em evidências
Authors: De Fáveri Carine Gomes , Pires Roberta Jéssica Silva , Monteiro Isabella Polo , Borges Marília Carvalho , Campos Mariana Aparecida de Assis , Guimarães Elaine Leonezi
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Descrever evidências práticas da intervenção fisioterapêutica, vivenciadas no projeto de extensão “Intervenção precoce para lactentes de risco’’, e a contribuição deste na formação profissional de acadêmicos extensionistas e residentes. Método: De 2014 a 2019, foram atendidos 380 lactentes, sendo selecionados para o estudo 307 prontuários com dados completos sobre avaliação, intervenção e reavaliação fisioterapêutica dos lactentes. Resultados: Todos os lactentes considerados de risco devido à prematuridade e/ou baixo peso ao nascimento, apresentaram alterações no desenvolvimento sensório-motor, os quais foram e/ou continuam sendo acompanhados até completarem dois anos. Conclusão: Os resultados permitiram discutir evidências referentes às condições de risco pré, peri e pós-nascimento, a importância da detecção e intervenção precoces no desenvolvimento do lactente de risco, e a participação da família neste processo. Além disso, o projeto permitiu capacitar melhor os acadêmicos e residentes na área de atenção à saúde da criança, favorecendo o cuidado humanizado do lactente na sua integralidade.
Peça teatral como abordagem educativa em prática extensionista para prevenção e controle do piolho de cabeça em escola de Araucária-PR
Authors: De Paula Steffano Alexsander Garcia , De Almeida Bruna Regina , Shimada Márcia Kiyoe , Reifur Larissa
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem como foco relatar e discutir a atividade realizada em uma escola da periferia da cidade de Araucária-PR. O objetivo da atividade foi transmitir os conhecimentos sobre a pediculose, com ênfase no combate e prevenção, e desmistificar informações que vêm do conhecimento popular referentes a estas temáticas. O teatro foi a metodologia aplicada e apresentada para um total de 145 crianças, do pré-escolar ao quinto ano dos anos iniciais, e para um grupo de dez a 20 responsáveis. A atividade e a interação com o público foram bastante satisfatórias, uma vez que as crianças e responsáveis expuseram seus conhecimentos tradicionais prévios e foi possível por meio de um “bate-papo” corrigir alguns saberes arraigados sempre fundamentando em informações científicas.
Preparedness of senior centers for active shooter incidents
Authors: Paciorek, PhD Steven Lawrence , Birmingham, PhD, MA Lauren , Sarode, MPH Anuja L. , Alemagno, PhD Sonia
Published: August 2021

Objective: The main objective was to evaluate the preparedness of senior centers (SCs) for active shooter (AS) events and test the hypothesis that most SCs were not organized to properly handle AS incidents.Design: A cross-sectional study based on questionnaire with quantitative measures.Setting: A questionnaire-based multistate survey of SC Directors (SCDs) of public and private SCs. Participants: SCs were included upon receipt of answers from SCDs to questionnaire-based survey, resulting in 139 SCs from Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Maryland, Indiana, Illinois, New York, and West Virginia.Main outcome measure: SCs, SCDs, and SCs’ staff preparedness and vulnerability to an AS event.Results: Over half (56 percent) of SCDs replied that their center was not prepared for an AS event. A significant (p 0.01) association was found between the SCD’s perception of being prepared and the availability of a formal AS preventive policy. The lack of panic buttons and surveillance cameras was significantly (p 0.01) associated with the feeling of inability by SCDs to respond effectively to an AS event. Those SCDs who were confident about their AS preparedness felt significantly (p 0.01) better prepared to respond to an AS incident. Personal interviews with content experts agreed that all SCDs should take steps to develop an official AS preparedness policy, but its implementation should be the direct responsibility of local policymakers and legislators.Conclusions: Most SDCs and SCs are unprepared for AS incidents. SCDs should review or develop specific recommendations and implement plans for a better preparedness of SCs and SCDs for AS events. Considering the inherent high vulnerability of older adults, there is an urgent need to have such AS policy in place.
COVID-19 and Asian American college students: Discrimination, fear, and mental health
Authors: Chen, PhD, RN, PMHNP-BC Angela Chia-Chen , Han, PhD SeungYong , Li, PhD Wei , Leong, PhD Karen J. , Ou, MSN, RN Lihong
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Our research addressed double victimization among Asian Americans by COVID-19 and anti-Asian racial discrimination during the pandemic. Guided by the Vulnerable Populations framework that argues that health status reflects the dynamic interplay between resource availability and relative risk, we investigated time-sensitive questions that explored relative risk (perceived racial discrimination, fear of COVID-19), resources (COVID-19 prevention knowledge, resilience), and mental health status (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression) in Asian American undergraduate and graduate students during the pandemic.Methods: A mixed-methods research was conducted to examine the relationships among the relative risk, resources, and mental health outcomes in this population. We adapted questions from valid and reliable measures to assess key variables. Descriptive and regression analyses along with content analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data.Results: Our sample included 74 Asian American students (AA students) who participated in the online survey (53 complete cases were included in the statistical analysis) and an additional 10 AA students who were interviewed via Zoom. The results of hierarchical regression models confirmed a positive association between fear of COVID-19 and both mental health outcomes (PTSD and depression), and a negative association between COVID-19 prevention knowledge and mental health outcomes. Perceived racial discrimination was significantly and positively associated with PTSD and depression while controlling for sociodemographic variables. However, its association with outcomes diminished when fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 prevention knowledge were added to the models. Our interview results supported the survey findings with more nuanced details not revealed in the survey.Conclusion: The findings of this research will help public health officials and universities identify practices useful for promoting culturally congruent safety and protection in response to pandemics and other health emergencies.
Depression, anxiety, and stress among public university students in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rahman, PhD Md Mostafizur , Amin, BSS Tanbir , Sultan, BSS Saima Bintay , Bithi Muslima Islam , Rahman, PhD Farzana , Rahman, PhD Md Moshiur
Published: August 2021

“Coronaphobia” has spread across the world due to the overwhelming impact of coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). The education sector has suffered from the pandemic, and university students find themselves in an unprecedented situation. Many university students in Bangladesh require psychological intervention due to adverse mental health conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the psycho­logical conditions among public university students in Bangladesh during university campus closures necessitated by the pandemic. It also sought to ascertain factors associated with adverse psychological conditions during this period. Convenience and snowball sampling techniques were employed. In all, 1,382 university students participated in an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Relationships between student demographic factors and DASS 21 subscales were determined using linear regression models. Students were classified as suffering from anxiety (26.85 percent), normal depression (25.47 percent), moderate depression (29.52 percent), or extremely severe depression (17.73 percent). Students who lived with their families reported less adverse mental health. Factors strongly associated with students’ psychological conditions include age, academic field, university year, perception of their own mental health condition during the COVID-19 pandemic, safety concerns about their living place relative to COVID-19, perceptions about social life, academic profile, academic performance, concerns about pandemic impact on their studies, and part-time jobs during the pandemic. Outcomes of this research may assist social organizations and health workers to identify psychologically vulnerable university students in order to support them more effectively. Our findings could also be integrated into comprehensive pandemic control efforts.
Buprenorphine: Not a silver bullet, and still controversial
Authors: Potru, DO, FASAM Sudheer , Sprintz, DO, DFASAM Michael , Barreveld, MD Antje M. , Kohan, MD Lynn
Published: August 2021

We are practitioners of pain medicine and addiction medicine and also four of the seven members of the Multi-Society Ad Hoc Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Working Group comprised of representatives from anesthesia, pain, pharmacy, and addiction medicine societies. We are finalizing “tip sheets” and a consensus-based manuscript to provide guidance on the appropriate use and initiation of buprenorphine in the hospital setting by anesthesiologists, and in the outpatient setting by pain clinicians.
Emerging pharmacologic mechanisms of buprenorphine to explain experience of analgesia versus adverse effects
Authors: Bettinger, PharmD Jeffrey , Quevedo, PharmD Himayapsill Batista , Cleary, PharmD, BCACP Jacqueline
Published: August 2021

Buprenorphine’s unique pharmacologic mechanisms of action lend itself to a higher level of complexity than its typical characterization as a partial agonist at μ-opioid receptors. It is well-documented that its additional activity at Δ- and κ-opioid receptors, and opioid receptor ligand 1 may be associated with varying degrees of analgesia and usual opioid-related adverse effects. However, novel downstream molecular and cellular mechanisms from μ-opioid receptor activation contain potential new insights into its overall unique effects. These include buprenorphine’s peculiar ability to induce analgesia at escalating doses, while exhibiting a plateaued effect on respiratory depression, euphoria, gastrointestinal (GI) motility, depression, anxiety, and addictive potential. Thus, this review aims to discuss several of these emerging mechanisms to gain a better understanding of these curious actions, as well as support much of this in vitro evidence with various human clinical trial data to further support buprenorphine’s place on the analgesic ladder.
Perioperative pain management and outcomes in patients who discontinued or continued pre-existing buprenorphine therapy
Authors: Attaar, PharmD, BCPS Aamer , Curran, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Molly , Meyenburg, PharmD, BCPS Lyndsi , Bottner, DHA, PA-C Richard , Johnston, MD Clarissa , Mason, PharmD, BCPS Kirsten Roberts
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study compared opioid utilization and clinical outcomes in surgical patients receiving maintenance buprenorphine therapy who discontinued versus those who continued buprenorphine treatment perioperatively. Lack of high-quality evidence, conflicting results in previous studies, and the possible need for reinduction after discontinuing therapy present clinicians with the complicated dilemma of choosing the best strategy to control post-operative pain in patients receiving buprenorphine.Design: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.Participants: Hospitalized patients between January 1, 2017 and December 12, 2019 who underwent any type of surgery, had a documentation of an outpatient buprenorphine prescription or inpatient order, and received buprenorphine for 5 or more days prior to the procedure were included.Main outcome measure(s): The primary objective was to compare mean 24-hour morphine milligram equivalent (MME) utilization post-operatively between patients who discontinued buprenorphine preoperatively versus those who continued therapy throughout the perioperative period.Results: Fifty-one patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. Of these, 42 patients were continued on buprenorphine through surgery, while nine patients had a documentation of discontinuation preoperatively. The 24-hour post-operative MME utilization (interquartile range) was 58.8 (18-100.8) in patients who continued therapy through surgery versus 152.6 (114.5-236) in patients who discontinued therapy preoperatively (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in post-operative pain scores or length of stay between groups.Conclusion: Post-operative opioid use was significantly lower in patients who continued buprenorphine compared with those who discontinued buprenorphine preoperatively.
The divided dose approach to perioperative buprenorphine management in patients with opioid use disorder
Authors: Engle, PharmD Amanda L. , Winans, PharmD Amanda R.M. , Demma, MD, PhD Linda , Cleary, PharmD Jacqueline
Published: August 2021

There is limited evidence and no clear consensus suggesting best practices for perioperative buprenorphine management in patients with opioid use disorder. As such, we aimed to develop a standardized perioperative management approach with the goals of (1) optimizing perioperative analgesia, (2) minimizing relapse risk, (3) setting expectations for patients and clinicians, (4) achieving prescribing consistency and mitigating risk among clinicians not familiar with perioperative buprenorphine management, and (5) maintaining continuity throughout care transitions. An interprofessional expert focus group convened to develop a consensus algorithm based upon buprenorphine's unique pharmacologic features and published perioperative management recommendations. The resulting consensus algorithm continues the patient's home buprenorphine dose in order to minimize relapse risk, but utilizes a divided dose approach starting the day of surgery if moderate to severe post-operative pain is expected. This strategy leverages the analgesic effects of buprenorphine while allowing for additional opioid binding to optimize analgesia. A patient-centered multimodal perioperative approach including local and/or regional anesthetics and nonopioid adjuncts is employed. Post-operative care is optimized by preoperative planning, including standardized patient assessment, perioperative communication with the buprenorphine prescriber, and education for patients and clinicians. Overall, integrating an understanding of pharmacology and clinical impact through the use of a readily adaptable algorithm such as the divided dose approach is key to optimizing patient care in this high-risk population.
Atypical opioids and their effect on respiratory drive
Authors: Webster, MD Lynn , Rauck, MD Richard L.
Published: August 2021

Opioids are an important tool in the treatment of pain, but opioid overdose has become a serious health issue. Most opioid-related deaths are caused by respiratory depression, and the risk of respiratory depression is compounded because of the risks of abuse and diversion, which makes the need for safer opioids even more urgent. However, the atypical opioids (buprenorphine, tramadol, and tapentadol), with mechanisms of action not purely driven by μ-opioid receptor agonism, may be safer than conventional opioids, eg, morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the clinical and experimental evidence regarding opioid-induced respiratory depression in the context of the mechanisms of action of the atypical opioids. Among the atypical opioids, tramadol has an advantage of being a Schedule IV drug, and thus having a relatively low abuse potential—but its effects, including its effect on respiratory drive, are dependent on cytochrome P450 2D6 metabolizer status. Tapentadol appears to affect respiratory drive, but this has not been well investigated. Buprenorphine is a Schedule III drug, thus having less abuse potential than the majority of opioids. Experimentally, a ceiling effect on the respiratory depression has been reported with intravenous buprenorphine. In addition, experimental hypercapnic stress in healthy volunteers demonstrated no respiratory depression following the administration of a single dose of the buccal film formulation of buprenorphine when compared with placebo. Overall, the data suggest that atypical opioids may be a safer option than conventional opioids for the treatment of pain.
A review of the evidence to explain pharmacological basis of injection (ab)use of buprenorphine–naloxone tablets
Authors: Modak, MD, DM Tamoud , Sarkar, MD, MRCPsych Siddharth , Balhara, MD Yatan Pal Singh
Published: August 2021

Opioid use disorder is a major public health problem, and opioid replacement therapy with buprenorphine (BPN) is a clinically effective and evidence-based treatment for it. To deter misuse of the tablet through the injecting route, BPN coformulated with naloxone (BNX) in 4:1 ratio is available in many countries. Despite this, significant diversion and injecting use of the BNX combination has been reported from across the world. In this article, the pharmacological properties of BPN and BNX and the evidence for their diversion are reviewed. Also, a critical examination is made of the evidence supporting the role of naloxone in reducing the agonist effects of BPN when used through the injecting route. Based on this evidence, a hypothesis explaining the continued diversion of BNX has been proposed.