bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Perancangan Mesin Pencacah Limbah Plastik Menggunakan Pisau Crusher dan Shredder
Authors: Khomsaha Shofwan Ustman , Waluyo* Joko , Hidayat Taufiq
Published: June 2023

Waste in the form of garbage in the Piyungan area, Bantul Regency, consists of organic and non-organic waste, currently the condition is increasingly worrying because the landfills are very limited, so waste management must be managed optimally. To reduce the accumulation of excessive waste, a waste-cutting machine is needed. An efficient waste-cutting machine requires the right knife by choosing a knife between the crusher and shredder types. The selection of one of the blades used in the waste-cutting machine requires a design analysis using FEA (Finite Element Analysis) calculations and simulation assistance. Based on the results of the analysis of the calculation of the crusher-type knife using 4 blades, the required power is 2 HP, costs 8.8 million rupiahs and, the results of the FEA allowable stress test are 3.19E + 04, and 2.5 E + 08 are safe. While the Shredder type blade uses 13 blades, the required power is 2 HP, which costs 9.8 million rupiah and the FEA allowable stress test results are 1.53E+04 and 2.5E+08 safe. The results of the analysis obtained are that the selected crusher-type knife can be recommended for use in the design of a waste chopping machine because the manufacturing cost is 8.8 million and the Allowable stress is 3.19E+04,
Problems of fate and free will in Hauptmann's “Iphigenia in Delphi” drama
Authors: Sklizkova Alla P.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann’s interpretation of his own views concerning the problem of fate and freewill, which sheds light on the general problem of modern, connected with the eternal process of creative personality, formation. The objectives of the work correspond to this: to substantiate the leading role of anthropological patterns in the Art Nouveau era, to reveal the dynamics of G.Hauptmann’s formation on the basis of commenting his theoretical and artistic works, to reflect in this respect the overcoming of fate and gaining freedom by the heroine of the late drama “Iphigenia in Delphi”. In the course of the analysis, it was revealed that in his later work, G.Hauptmann retains the same views on the fatal predetermination deprived of real being, and he switches to the sphere of feelings. In this case, special attention is paid to the author’s revision of the romantic concept, in which the idea of immortality, transcend the borders of the visible world, became the main one for the said writer. It is from these positions that Iphigenia’s image is revealed. Seeking self-understanding and identity, she renounces the Olympian world, in which sacrifice and fear of gods is the norm, and she voluntarily returns to Hecate’s Palace, as it is in them that a new immortal existence takes place. The conclusion is made about the birth of a new personality through the conception of one’s own existence, the rejection of dogmatic conceptions from the power of the doom makes the individual free, strong and unbroken by anything or anybody.
The concept of ‟void” in the Sasha Krugosvetov`s novel ‟Candide’s Happiness” (comparative analysis)
Authors: Dreifeld Oksana V.
Published: June 2023

The semantic ‟void” of actual reality is the most important idea of postmodernism, which is associated with the recognition of the relativity of any ideas, philosophies, meanings, the concepts of which are ‟simulacrum”. Over the decades of the existence of Russian literary postmodernism, the interpretation of the relationship between man and reality, thing and concept has been rethought in relation to world culture. With the help of a comparative analysis of the novels ‟Candide's Happiness” by Sasha Krugosvetov and ‟Clay Machine Gun” by Victor Pelevin, respectively, the content of the concept ‟void”, which creates the central image in both texts, was revealed, its semantic and functional characteristics were studied. In the novel “Clay Machine Gun” the concept of “void” is involved in the formation of an existential plot associated with the subjective desire of the characters to get out of “void”, because it participates in overcoming the inevitable socio-cultural self-identifications, allows one building an image of plurality as opposed to binary oppositions. In the novel by Sasha Krugosvetov, when describing the image of reality, the basical narrative strategy is a game with the reader, based on the correlation of functional copies of objects, disguised objects, illusory objects and virtual copies, and the main methods of their presentation are to demonstrate metaphors literally and absurd. ‟Void” in Sasha Krugosvetov's novel is not only an ontological characteristic that blurs the opposition of ‟existence” and ‟non-existence”, but also a feature of style, moving away from any particular style due to the development and appropriation of too many stylistic markers.
Syntactic relations – values – functions
Authors: Bednarskaya Larisa D.
Published: June 2023

A new interpretation is given to the most complex theoretical problem – the relation of concepts relation – value – function. The relations in language are the relations reflected by thinking between the linguistic meanings, which in turn reflect the ‟substances” of reality comprehended by the mind. The term-concept of relation in linguistics includes a potential or already defined linguistic form of expression of the relation – the linguistic form has a meaning that manifests itself in speech as a function. The meaning represents the ‟sign content of the form” in the language system, turning into a categorical meaning that does not depend on the context, representing the invariant form of any syntactic structure. The function is realised in speech, being filled with connotative meanings, claiming to be expressed by new linguistic forms of varieties of categorical meaning.
Transformation of phraseological semantics in the title position (in terms of the texts of the poetic genre of poemphrase)
Authors: Popova Anna R.
Published: June 2023

The article analyses the status and features of semantic evolution of the title-phraseologism in the poetic genre of poemphrase. A poemphrase is a poem the title of which is a phraseological item and the text reveals its informational potential in one way or another – central and peripheral semes of the meaning of phraseologism, associative series, cultural and intertextual relations, etc. A phraseological title in the text of this genre becomes a special item, a createme semantically transformed and enriched with the meanings of the subsequent text. The article is based on the author's material (more than 60 texts of this genre created in 2015–2022). Six types of the main meaningful correlations a phraseological title with followed text of the poemphrase are revealed – personification of the image embedded in phraseology; demonstration of the content of phraseologism based on fictional personal examples; creating a plot text based on the semantics of phraseologism; literalisation of a phraseological symbol; representation of the phraseologism-stated problem side aspect rather than the main aspect; objection to the postulate of a phraseologism. The features of the disclosure of the information potential of a phraseological item, its plot-forming, genre-forming, text-forming features are analysed. The specificity of the formal and meaningful correlation of the phraseological title with the poetic text of the genre of poemphrase is demonstrated.
Phraseological images in terms of occasional variability of idioms
Authors: Tretyakova Irina Yu. , Kudryavtseva Yelena V.
Published: June 2023

This article deals with the problem connected with variability of phraseological images in terms of idiomatic occasional transformations. Phraseological units with a zoonymic component from the thematic group "domestic animals" are chosen as the object of the research; it is the component that is substituted. Special attention is paid to identifying factors which affect transformational activity of phraseological units and determine specific features in image of a new occasional unit. We study probable occasional substitutions of zoonym components, taking into account a national and cultural role of animalistic components. While analysing, the authors define reasons affecting similarities and differences in the figurative bases of linguistic phraseological units and their transformations. We apply as examples phraseological units in the figurative basis of which both unique animalistic features and their typical traits are reflected; also the idiomatic image basis must capture human everyday life and domestic animals participating in it. Transformations of phraseological units demonstrate several peculiarities in reflecting realities of the surrounding world. New phraseological images in transforms may depict similarities with linguistic ones, providing presentation of the same or similar features in animal images applied as zoonym components. However, more often substitute components belong to animalistic words from different thematic groups, as well as to words from other phraseosemantic fields, namely people, objects, phenomena, states. A significant difference between the language component and the substitute component leads to complex transformations of image bases and to formation of unreal images. The authors come to the conclusion about vital changes in phraseological images, creation of new figurative foundations and movement of images towards unreality, fantasy.
Formation of spare parts and units on the territory of the Middle Volga region during the civil war by army and local military administration bodies
Authors: Moiseev Andrey N.
Published: June 2023

The current military-political situation around Russia demonstrates how important a well-coordinated, effective mechanism for preparing replacements is for the active army. The study of historical experience in creating a system of training a military-trained reserve is more relevant than ever and is of fundamental importance for the defense capability of our state. The article is devoted to the study of regional aspects of the formation of spare parts and units for the Red Army on the territory of the Middle Volga region during the Civil War of 1918-1920. The choice of time and territorial framework is not accidental, the fact is that the Eastern Front was the main one for the young Soviet Republic from 1918 to 1919. It was there, in the extreme conditions of war, economic devastation, surrounded by white armies and interventionist troops, local military authorities, army command, civil and party organizations tested government decisions to create a system of training and manning the active army with human reserves. In the course of the analysis, it was established how significant the influence of personalities on this process was. The author comes to the conclusion that it was possible to ensure not only quantitative, but also qualitative indicators of the replenishments sent to the front, to eliminate the problems associated with their provision with everything necessary only with the formation of the Reserve Army of the Republic.
Functionality and mentality of the leaders of soviet production in the upper Volga regions (1960-80s): the potential of sources and key characteristics
Authors: Nikiforov Yury S.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the range of sources, functional features and mentality of regional production managers in the USSR in the 1960-1980s. The body of sources was based on oral history evidence obtained through focused interviews. Interviewing representatives of regional authorities in the 1960s-1980s. conducted personally by the author in 2016-2019. The source base of the study includes memoirs, unpublished archival material from the Center for Documentation of Contemporary History of the Yaroslavl Region. The theoretical basis of the publication is connected with the principle of historicism, the value and institutional approach to historical research, the use of oral history methods, source analysis, and content analysis. The article raises the question of the debatability of terms denoting the leaders of the Soviet economy. It is concluded that the direct management of production at the regional party level was carried out by the second secretary of the regional committee of the CPSU, branch secretaries, heads of departments. The opinion of the interviewed representative of the authorities is recorded that the management of production was under the joint control of 4 power structures: the management of the enterprise, the party committee, the trade union, the Komsomol. It is noted that the life values of the leading cadres of the regional level of power were closely connected with the communist ideology and official guidelines. Discipline, collectivism, responsibility were significant components of self-identification of representatives of the regional authorities. It is emphasized that informal connections were an important segment in the mentality of regional leaders of Soviet production
Analysis of rings made of non-ferrous metals and metal ornaments of the village of Vezha
Authors: Alibekov Sergey Y. , Kabatov Sergey A. , Kabatova Elena A. , Kurochkina Svetlana A.
Published: June 2023

When studying jewelry craft, technological observations become a full-fledged source. In recent decades, work has intensified on the study of the chemical composition of jewelry made from non-ferrous metal alloys. The study of the jewelry series alone makes it possible to identify a possible connection between the technique of making rings and the composition of the alloy. In addition, we raise a question and try to answer on the basis of the materials available at the moment: could the village of Vezha have organized its own metallurgical or jewelry business for the manufacture of rings. The time of existence of the village of Vezhi – taking into account the materials of the last years of the study, it is unlikely earlier than the XII century to the XX century inclusive. The settlement was most likely founded by the Novgorod population in the Meryan lands as a result of the colonization policy of Novgorod the Great in the southern direction, and here, in the area of the confluence of the Kostroma River with the Volga River, it probably stops when faced with a similar process of development of Finno-Ugric territories by the population of Rostov-Suzdal lands. In the Golden Horde and post-Golden Horde times, migration movements related to the internal (rural) and ecclesiastical colonization of the region took place here; and the active involvement of the Kostya land in the political and economic life of the young Moscow state. The appearance and existence of jewelry found in the village, most likely, in one way or another, is connected with these processes.
Gotland in the context of the Varange legend of the Tale of Bygone years
Authors: Vinogradov Alexey E.
Published: June 2023

Gotland is considered in many works as an important geographical point in the context of the ‟Varangian legend” of the Tale of Bygone Years. The obscurity of the general ethnic and geographical attribution of the Varangians, with the more obvious linking of the corresponding chronicle plots to an island in the Baltic Sea, the concentration on this island of evidence of its important role in the international trade of the Viking Age, the finds of Gotlandic artifacts in Eastern Europe make one see in Gotland, if not home, then significant stronghold of the Varangians. However, the origin of the most enigmatic ethnic group, perhaps, is connected with other regions and is rooted in the history of the late Roman Empire and the nomadic states of the Danube that arose on its ruins. Finds of coins, other artifacts, traditions in art and fortification, toponymy data show that the groups that migrated to the island largely adopted the cultural symbols of the Roman Empire. This fact is compared with genetic and other data showing that the migrants could differ from the indigenous Gutnish population of the island.
The «Mongolian Question» in Soviet-Chinese Relations (1921-1925)
Authors: Batunaev Eduard V.
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the problematic and key issues of Soviet-Chinese relations related to the formalization of the legal status of Mongolia, which was called the “Mongolian questionˮ. The “Mongolian questionˮ was a stumbling block in Soviet-Chinese relations, since de jure Mongolia was part of the Republic of China, and de facto it had all the features of an independent state. The solution of the “Mongolian questionˮ lay in the plane of a revolutionary ideological and diplomatic nature, where Mongolia was given an important place as a transit corridor in promoting the ideas of the world revolution to the East, providing military assistance to the people's revolutionary forces of both China and Mongolia. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the evolution of Soviet-Chinese relations, accompanied by complex diplomatic negotiations between China and Soviet Russia, the struggle between the Comintern and foreign policy structures. Analysis of scientific literature and sources showed that in transnational history the “Mongolian questionˮ was a complex and multifactorial phenomenon, which included a complex of both internal and external factors, including the relationship between Soviet Russia and China. at the revolutionary class and diplomatic levels, as well as Mongolia's own ideas in the struggle for state independence.
INTERPRETATION OF THE IMAGE OF GARDEN IN THE COLLECTION OF POEMS “EMBARCATION FOR CYTHERA” BY GEORGY IVANOV (1911)
Authors: Koptelova Natalya G.
Published: June 2023

The article describes the interpretation of the image of garden, presented in the first collection of poems “Embarcation for
Cythera” by Georgy Ivanov. It is proved that in the context of this artistic unity, the garden archetype is a cross-cutting symbol
and acts as one of its axiological dominants. It is shown that the semantics and poetics of Georgy Ivanov’s image of a garden
is very multifaceted and is motivated by the author’s dialogue with the literary and mythological ancient tradition, refracted
through the influence on the poet of the works by Antoine Watteau, Konstantin Somov, Alexandre Benoîs, Paul-Marie
Verlaine, Innokenty Annensky, Mikhail Kuzmin, Igor Severyanin, Fyodor Sologub. The article notes that the structure of
the image of the garden, created in the debut collection of Georgy Ivanov, includes both the archetype of the Water, inherited
from East Slavic mythology, and the apocalyptic symbol of the “bloody moon”. For the semantic filling of the image of
garden the motif of languor (tenderness), often found in the lyrics of poets of the turn of the century (I.Annensky, F.Sologub,
M.Kuzmin, Nikolai Gumilyov), is of great importance. The semantic evolution of the garden archetype represents the idea
of the path, which is significant for the examined poet, which is key for the artistic consciousness of not only the authors of
the Fin de Siècle, but also for Russian literature as a whole. Getting used to the time and space of different and at the same
time somewhat similar “gardens”, Georgy Ivanov outlines the vector of his own creative development, predicts the movement
towards the collection “Gardens”. He outlines the concept of “wanderings” through different mythologies and cultures, which
is relevant both for the aesthetics of Russian symbolists and acmeists.
On Dante’s Afterworld
Authors: Toporova Anna V.
Published: June 2023

Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy presents a large-scale picture of the afterworld that draws on prior tradition of depicting life after death. At the same time, the afterworld of the Divine Comedy is unique, being marked by numerous distinctions with the many similar descriptions in medieval literature: 1. The general nature of the depiction; the summa genre with its striving for universal coverage, classification, scholarship (references to authorities, use of contemporary knowledge), and moral and didactic impact. 2. The close connection of the otherworld with the temporal world – precise description of its location and structure, its connection with the earthly space. The otherworld is inhabited by similar characters, who emphasise their connection with the earthly space (they ask about their friends and relatives and their native city, invite Dante to tell his own story, and beg for his prayers). 3. Personal approach: rather than being illustrations of virtue or sin, the work’s characters are concrete people with their own fates both in the temporal world and in the afterlife. This leads to a powerful dramatic effect that sweeps the reader away and involves him in situations that he applies to his own life. Dante himself plays a double role in the Divine Comedy as both author and character. 4. Combination of “literary” and mystic experience.
The image of the interpreter and his “Living Emblems” in “The Pilgrim’s Progress” by John Bunyan and its adaptations for the contemporary readers (the 17th – the 20th centuries): on the issue of text evolution
Authors: Nenarokova Maria R.
Published: June 2023

The article focuses on one of the episodes of ‟The Pilgrim's Progress” by John Bunyan (an episode in the House of the Interpreter) and the change in its emblematic content in the adaptations of J.Bunyan's book for readers of the 19th – the 20th centuries. The object of study is the meaning of the Interpreter’s image and that of the content and form of the seven emblematic descriptions in the episode. The subject of the study is the transformation of the source text in the adaptations of the 19th – the 20th centuries. The study is based on J.Bunyan's book and texts by Helen L. Taylor, ‟Little Pilgrim's Progress” and artin Powell 's comics. The tasks of the study were as follows: to determine the meaning of the episode in question in the plot of the book; establish the meaning of the Interpreter’s image in the context of the 17th – 18th c. English culture; to analyse the connection of the emblem complex with the Baroque religious culture; describe the changes in the adaptations of the Pilgrim's Progress for readers of the 19th and the 20th centuries. The study showed that the Interpreter’s image is the key one. The shift in cultural paradigms led to the destruction of the original set of emblems, but the authors of the adaptations used J.Bunyan’s emblems to create their own mini-sets that met the needs of their readership. Although both the formal and the content of the original text have changed in many respects since the 17th century, both the role of the Interpreter and the purpose of the emblems in the adaptations have been remaining unchanged.
Peculiarities of heteronymy in the lyrics by Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa
Authors: Ovcharenko Olga A.
Published: June 2023

The author of the article focuses on the heteronymous lyrics of the great Portuguese poet F. Pessoa. The differences between the orthonymic and heteronymic lyrics of F. Pessoa are explained with the emergence of heteronymy in his poetry investigated. The author of the article reduces the heteronymy in the lyrics by F. Pessoa to the poems of Alberto Caeiro da Silva, Ricardo Reis and Álvaro de Campos and considers the main features of their lyrics. Along the way, the literary movements invented by F. Pessoa – paulism, intersectionism and sensationalism – are explored. It is concluded that heteronymy was the main means of artistic knowledge of the world in the works by F. Pessoa.
Psychological and pedagogic support for the development of the self-concept of a student in the educational environment of a military training centre
Authors: Mityukov Evgeny Alexandrovich
Published: June 2023

The author of the article refers to the analysis of the possibilities of the educational environment of the military training centre in the development of the self-concept of future military specialists. The author connects the formation of the self-concept of the student's personality with the presence in the educational environment of the centre of professional standards – carriers of mastery, life and professional positions, – with the process of collective formation and the formation of a moral and psychological climate that sets the system of traditions, norms, values of the environment, the boundaries of socially approved behaviour and relations of future military specialists. The author notes the important psychological and pedagogic aspects of formation of the self-concept of future military specialists, including meaningful and productive social interaction, joint activities; creation of situations that consolidate the experience of emotional and volitional self-regulation, perception, empathy, enrichment of organisational skills of students, enrichment of the experience of introspection, reflection of the movement from self-real to ideal self. The author presents the results of his own empirical research, illustrating the influence of the educational environment of a military training centre on the formation of students' self-concept. In particular, the author shows the dynamics of the psychological atmosphere in the student team, the influence of the socio-psychological climate of the community centre, the development of students' ideas about their own self-concept. Empirical materials made it possible to reveal the dynamics in the development of 5 groups of personal qualities included in the structure of the self-concept, among which the author singles out the socio-moral, strong-willed, communicative, organisational and managerial qualities of future military specialists, their professional readiness.
Development of professional competencies of future designers based on an individually differentiated approach in professional design education
Authors: Nikolaevna Menshikova Anastasia
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the problem of diagnostics and development of professional competences of future designers based on an individually differentiated approach. The author examines the specifics of the professional and creative competences of a modern designer, the prerequisites and conditions for their formation in the process of professional education. Professional creative competences are considered as a cluster of competencies that reflect the willingness of a future designer to perform productive professional activities, as an ability for personal and professional self-development by increasing creative potential and expanding the scope of its professional application. The author reveals the principles of development of cognitive and activity competences of a designer, which reflect the ability of an individual to independently creatively comprehend professional tasks, process information, apply its knowledge, skills and abilities to find effective ways to solve a design problem. The author believes that for the development of such competences it is necessary to apply special techniques, means and methods in the process of vocational education. The author clarifies the essence and content of the cognitive and activity competences of the future designer, suggests ways and conditions for the effective application of the proposed approaches in the system of professional design education. The approach proposed by the author has theoretical and practical significance, since it contains a description of a set of psychological and pedagogic conditions that allow diagnosing and purposefully developing the professional, creative, cognitive and activity competences of future designers.
Modern methods and technologies of teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic specialties at university
Authors: Glazova Evgeniya Yu. , Shepeleva Natalia Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article considers the issue of introducing changes to the working curricula for the study of foreign languages in non-linguistic specialties at the university, which actualises the problem of choosing tools that will contribute to the formation of universal and professional competences among students, based on the level of their primary knowledge. The conducted research revealed the most effective combination of methods and approaches to teaching a foreign language, taking into account the reduction in the number of classroom hours allocated to this discipline, which at the same time meets the requirements of the curriculum, the interests of students and the realities of life, maintaining a balance between practical classes and independent work of students.
Technological readiness of teachers: a foreign literature review
Authors: Polovkova Tatiana V.
Published: June 2023

In this article, the concept of "technological readiness of teachers" is considered in the context of research by our foreign colleagues. As a result of the theoretical analysis of the review of English-language publications of recent years, it becomes obvious that the successful implementation of technologies depends not so much on software as on the skills and beliefs of teachers. In addition, it was revealed that the technological readiness of teachers depends on such factors as the readiness of the teacher and the readiness of the school to assist the teacher, the experience of pedagogue with information and communication technologies, technical support of the teacher in the workplace, the availability of specialist teachers in information and communication technologies (digital curators), access to information resources, optimism and the innovativeness of teachers, as well as the opportunity to present their educational and methodological developments with the help of information and communication technologies, etc.). The studied interrelations allow outlining the prospect of further research on the technological readiness of Russian teachers and outlining a number of important tasks in improving the implementation of information and communication technologies in the learning process in the Russian secondary school.
Conditional periodisation of concepts and formation methods of readiness for professional activity in modern pedagogy
Authors: Prikhoda Igor V. , Zhivora Elena V.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to reviewing the structure of readiness for professional activity in modern pedagogy. The article presents the main approaches to the study of readiness for professional activity. Based on the presented approaches to the readiness for professional activity, it was attempted to realise their conditional periodisation, approaches were structured according to the historical development stages of the study of readiness for professional activity. The psychological structures that are being formed in the process of studying at the university are identified, which are prerequisites for successful adaptation to professional activity and determine the specifics of the professional formation of the individual. In the process of studying at a university, professional orientation and professionally significant qualities are being formed.
The role of maternal emotional attitude in the development of self-consistency in over-fives children
Authors: Reeva Olga Y.
Published: June 2023

The results of the study of the influence of the characteristics of the emotional side of parent-child interaction on the development of independence in children of senior preschool age are presented in the article. The theoretical foundations of the research problem are described. The autonomy of senior preschool children is considered as an integrative characteristic of the personality, which has emotional-motivational, volitional and cognitive components in its structure. The results of multiple regression and correlation analyses of the relationship between the indicators of emotional parental attitude and autonomy of senior preschool children are given. 99 mothers and 102 children aged 5 years 7 months to 7 years 5 months. 38 boys and 64 girls took part in the study. We used methods such as the questionnaire of child-parent emotional interaction, the projective method of typology of subjective regulation of the child for diagnostics of the level of "autonomy-dependence" in 5- to 7-year-old preschool children; the adapted subtest "Understanding", the initiative manifestation map. It is revealed that the characteristics of emotional parent-child interaction influence the components of children's autonomy differently; they can simultaneously promote the development of one component and hinder the formation of the other one.
Medical and social characteristics of risk factors of family history of adolescents
Authors: Zhdanova Lyudmila Al. , Ivanova Inna V. , Boboshko Irina Ev.
Published: June 2023

High frequency of risk factors in the socio-economic and socio-psychological status of modern families determines the need for careful collection of family anamnesis and the reflection of relevant information in primary medical records. What is of particular importance, is the assessment of the dynamics of the family anamnesis during the "crucial" periods of the child's life related to adaptation to the new micro-social conditions of educational institutions. A medical-psychological and sociological questionnaire was carried out on 795 children aged from 12 to 14 and their parents, and a study was carried out on the nature of the disturbances in types of family upbringing. The social history was analysed on the basis of primary medical records. Some form of adverse family history was present in 87% of families; more than a third of the children experienced fears related to family relationships, with half of the childish fears were related to disagreements with their parents, insecurity about intimacy and support from close friends. When family upbringing was analysed, disturbances were absent in only a third of adolescents. The direct influence of parental attitudes on the formation of a dysthymic and anxious type of accentuation of the child's character is shown. Integration of information which reflects peculiarities of family anamnesis and serves to create personalised programmes of medical and social support for children, including family counselling practices and educational activities for parents on the spectrum of problems identified, is essential. Psycho-social support individualisation is an effective way of optimal self-actualisation of the child, its social relatedness, positive forms of behaviour, which can serve as a basis for socio-psychological adaptation, a guarantee of harmonisation of personality and the basis of mental health.
Фибоначчи- и супер-фибоначчи-грациозные разметки некоторых видов графов
Authors: Семенюта Марина Фроловна
Published: June 2023

Рассмотрены базовые теоретические сведения по Фибоначчи-грациозным графам. Под Фибоначчи-грациозной разметкой графа G=(V,E) размера q понимают инъективную функцию f:V→{0,1,2,3,4,…,Fq} которая индуцирует биктивную функцию f*:E→{F1 ,F2,F3,…,Fq}, где F1=1, F2=1, F3=2, Fq= Fq-2+Fq-1 по правилу f*(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)| для любых смежных вершин u,v ϵ V. Граф, допускающий такую разметку, называется Фибоначчи-грациозным. В данной работе введено понятие супер-фибонач-грациозной разметки сужением множества вершинных меток, т.е. f:V→{F0,F1,F2,…,Fq}. Выделены четыре типа задач, подлежащих исследованию. В задаче первого типа поднимается следующий вопрос: существует ли граф, допускающий определенный вид разметки, и при каких условиях это имеет место? Задача второго типа — это задача построения: при заданной системе требований для графа необходимо построить (хотя бы одну) его разметку, удовлетворяющую этой системе. Следующие два типа задач относятся к задачам перечня: для заданного графа определить число разных Фибоначчи- и/или супер- Фибоначчи-грациозных разметок; построить все разные разметки заданного вида. В результате решения этих задач найдены функции, порождающие Фибоначчи- и супер-Фибоначчи-грациозные разметки для графов циклической структуры; получены необходимые и достаточные условия существования Фибоначчи-грациозной разметки дизъюнктивного объединения циклов, супер-Фибоначчи-грациозной разметки циклов, эйлеровых графов; определено число неэквивалентных разметок цикла; представлены условия существования супер-Фибоначчи-грациозной разметки одноточечного соединения произвольных связных супер-Фибоначчи-грациозных графов G1,G2,…,Gk.
Апроксимативные свойства операторов типа Абеля-Пуассона на обобщенных классах Гельдера
Authors: Харкевич Юрий Илиодорович , Ханин Александр Григорьевич
Published: June 2023

Работа посвящена актуальным проблемам современной прикладной математики, а именно изучению апроксимативних свойств операторов типа Абеля-Пуассона на так называемых обобщенных классах функций Гельдера. Известно, что под обобщенными классами функций Гельдера принято называть классы непрерывных 2π-периодических функций, определяемых с помощью модуля непрерывности первого порядка. Само понятие модуля непрерывности первого порядка сформулировано в работах известного французского математика Лебега в начале прошлого века и с тех пор является важнейшей характеристикой гладкости непрерывных функций, которыми можно описывать все естественные процессы в математическом моделировании. В то же время сами по себе операторы типа Абеля-Пуассона являются решениями дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных эллиптического типа. Именно поэтому полученные в данной работе результаты имеют важное значение для дальнейших исследований в области прикладной математики. Доказанная теорема характеризует верхний предел отклонения непрерывных 2π-периодических функций, определенных с помощью модуля непрерывности первого порядка, от их операторов типа Абе-ля-Пуассона. Таким образом, решена классическая задача Колмогорова Никольского в терминологии А.И. Степанца о приближении функций класса Hω их операторами типа Абеля-Пуассона. Известно, что операторы типа Абе-ля-Пуассона в отдельных случаях превращаются в хорошо известные в прикладной математике операторы Пуассона и Якоби-Вейерштрасса. Поэтому из доказанной в работе теоремы как следствие записаны асимптотические равенства верхних граней отклонений функций класса Гельдера порядка α (0< α ≤1) от их операторов Пуассона и Яко-би Вейерштрасса соответственно. Полученные равенства обобщают ранее известные в этом направлении результаты из области прикладной математики.
Система автоматической сегментации пауз в фонограммах на основе нейронных сетей глубокого обучения
Authors: Соловьёв Виктор Иванович , Рыбальский Олег Владимирович , Журавель Вадим Васильевич
Published: June 2023

Использование нейронных сетей глубокого обучения для построения инструментария для проведения экспертиз материалов и аппаратуры цифровой звукозаписи позволяет решить «проклятую» проблему такой экспертизы — выявление следов монтажа в цифровых фонограммах. Эти сети обеспечивают высокую вероятность обнаружения таких следов в паузах речевой информации, записанной на фонограмме. Перед проведением поиска следов монтажа в исследуемой фонограмме необходимо выделить паузы (сделать ее сегментацию), а инструментарий, построенный на основе нейронных сетей глубокого обучения, требует работать в автоматическом режиме. Основным требованием автоматической сегментации является высокая эффективность выделения пауз в условиях постоянного изменения уровня шумов в фонограммах. Она определяется вероятностью в точке пересечения кривых ошибок I и II рода. На основе нейронных сетей глубокого обучения предложено создать автоматизированную систему сегментации фонограмм, имеющую высокую эффективность выделения пауз в речевой информации. При этом система должна быть независимой от уровня шумов в каждой конкретной паузе, а также языка, контекста и диктора, чья речь зафиксирована в фонограме. Предложено рассматривать паузы как один из видов звуковой информации, отличающийся своими характеристиками от языковой информации, зафиксированной в фоно-грамме. Для обучения таковой сети необходимо сделать первичную базу таковых звуков и пауз. На ее основе созданы три массива данных, предназначенных для обучения, тестирования и определения кривых ошибок I и II рода. После обучения и тестирования система прошла проверку на реальных фонограммах. В результате учета некоторых особенностей языка на нейронных сетях глубокого обучения построена система, обеспечивающая в автоматическом режиме эффективную сегментацию пауз в фонограммах. Полученные результаты удовлетворяют требованиям экспертизы, что подтверждено приведенными кривыми ошибок I и II рода.
Minimization and Prevention of Risks of Reducing the Efficiency of the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory as a Result of the Implementation of the Requirements of STB ISO 15189-2015 "Identification and Management of Nonconformities": Experience in the Implementation and Use of Electronic Technology for Recording Nonconformities in Clinical Laboratory Practice
Authors: Выдрицкий А.В. , Бородовская В.Н. , Гулякевич А.Г. , Чистякова И.А. , Таврель А.А. , Лавицкая Т.В.
Published: June 2023

В общем технологическом процессе выполнения лабораторных исследований на различных его этапах могут возникать риски, влияющие на конечный результат. В связи с этим в практике работы лабораторий необходимо использовать систему управления рисками. С целью оценки эффективности процесса управления рисками, реализованного в группе компаний ИНВИТРО, был проведен анализ влияния внедренного процесса на различные показатели деятельности (экономические, технические, временные) компании. На основании результатов проведенного исследования также проведена оценка влияния внедренного процесса управления рисками, регламентированного требованиями ISO 15189, на качество оказываемых лабораторных услуг. Внедрение процесса управления рисками в группе компаний ИНВИТРО позволяет поддерживать качество лабораторных исследований на высоком уровне и реализует требования международного стандарта ISO 15189.

In the general technological process of performing laboratory research at its various stages, risks may arise that affect the final result. In this regard, it is necessary to use a risk management system in the practice of laboratories. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk management process implemented in the INVITRO group of companies, an analysis was made of the impact of the implemented process on various performance indicators (economic, technical, temporary) of the company. Based on the results of the study, an assessment was also made of the impact of the implemented risk management process, regulated by the requirements of ISO 15189, on the quality of laboratory services provided. The implementation of the risk management process in the INVITRO group of companies allows us to maintain the quality of laboratory research at a high level and implements the requirements of the international standard ISO 15189.
Chronic Heart Failure and Cardiorenal Relationships: Clinical and Laboratory Manifestations
Authors: Мацкевич С.А. , Бельская М.И. , Пархомец М.И.
Published: June 2023

Введение. В последние десятилетия наблюдается явная тенденция к увеличению количества пациентов с коморбидными заболеваниями. Считается, что почки являются одним из органов-мишеней при хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН). Но выполненные ранее исследования проводились в основном с участием пациентов с различной коморбидной патологией, и крайне мало работ по изучению дисфункции почек у пациентов с кардиальной патологией при отсутствии почечной патологии. Цель. Изучить кардиоренальные взаимоотношения у пациентов с ХСН и оценить значение маркеров дисфункции почек. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 168 пациентов с наличием клинических признаков ХСН. Проведены лабораторные и клинические исследования. Результаты. Большинство пациентов с ХСН имеют признаки дисфункции почек. В проведенном исследовании определено значение уровней цистатина С, микроальбуминурии и альфа-1-микроглобулина в моче как маркеров ранней почечной дисфункции у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Выводы. Тесты определения цистатина С в крови и моче, альфа-1-микроглобулина мочи и выявление микроальбуминурии могут рассматриваться как биомаркеры ранней стадии формирования дисфункции почек у пациентов с ХСН.

Introduction. In recent decades, there has been a clear trend towards an increasing number of patients with comorbid conditions. It is believed that the kidneys are one of the target organs in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, previous studies were mainly conducted involving patients with various comorbidities, while studies investigating kidney dysfunction in patients with cardiac pathology in the absence of renal pathology are very sparse. Purpose. To study cardiorenal relationships in patients with CHF and to establish the significance of determining markers of kidney dysfunction for predicting the formation of cardiorenal pathology. Materials and methods. 168 patients with clinical signs of CHF were examined. Laboratory and clinical tests were conducted. Results. Most patients with CHF have signs of kidney dysfunction. The study determined the significance of urinary levels of cystatin C, microalbuminuria and alpha-1-microglobulin as markers of early renal dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure. Conclusions. Tests for the determination of cystatin C in blood and urine, urine alpha-1- microglobulin and the detection of microalbuminuria can be considered as biomarkers of the early stage of kidney dysfunction in patients with CHF.
Prognostic Significance of Inflammatory Markers Level Changes in Patients with a New Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Евтеева Д.А. , Гайковая Л.Б.
Published: June 2023

Введение. Для прогнозирования исходов новой коронавирусной инфекции важен поиск информативных воспалительных маркеров из большого числа рекомендованных. Цель. Сравнить значимость маркеров воспаления при новой коронавирусной инфекции для прогноза исхода заболевания. Материалы и методы. Сформированы две группы исследования: 1-я группа (26 человек) – с содержанием гомоцистеина (Hcy) в крови в пределах референтных значений, 2-я группа (24 человека) – с гипергомоцистеинемией (HHcy). В сыворотке крови пациентов определяли маркеры воспаления – С-реактивный белок, ферритин, гомоцистеин, интерлейкин-6, а также показатели одноуглеродного метаболизма – витамин В12, фолиевая кислота. Результаты. Для пациентов с гипергомоцистеинемией характерны более старшийвозраст, наличие хронических заболеваний ССС, почек и тромботические осложнения, а также низкая концентрация витамина В12 и высокий уровень интерлейкина-6. Сравнение воспалительных маркеров проводилось с помощью бинарной логистической регрессии, построены ROC-кривые. Заключение. Уровень гомоцистеина в крови у пациентов пожилого возраста с новой коронавирусной инфекцией является более чувствительным прогностическим маркером неблагоприятных исходов по сравнению с С-реактивным белком, ферритином и интерлейкином-6. Определение гомоцистеина в крови может быть использовано для оценки воспалительного процесса в динамике у пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией.

Introduction. To predict outcomes of a new coronavirus infection is important searching of meaningful inflammatory markers among many recommended ones. Purpose. To compare the significance of inflammatory markers in a new coronavirus infection for predicting the outcome of the disease. Materials and methods. Two research groups were formed: Group 1 (26 subjects) with blood homocysteine (Hcy) within the reference values and group 2 (24 subjects) with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Inflammatory markers were determined in patients’ blood serum: C-reactive protein, ferritin, homocysteine, interleukin-6, as well as 1C metabolism laboratory indicators such as vitamin B12 and folic acid. Results. Patients with hyperhomocysteinemia were characterised by older age, chronic cardiac and renal diseases and thrombotic complications, as well as low vitamin B12 concentrations and high levels of interleukin-6. Inflammatory markers were compared using binary logistic regression, and ROC curves were constructed. Conclusion. Blood homocysteine levels in elderly patients with a new coronavirus infection are more sensitive prognostic markers of adverse outcomes compared to C-reactive protein, ferritin and interleukin-6. Blood homocysteine determination can be applied to assess the inflammatory process over time in patients with a new coronavirus infection.