bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Connecting Extending Review (CER) Learning Model to Improve Student’s Mathematical Reasoning Ability
Authors: Taufan Asfar Andi Muhammad Irfan , Arifin Ahmad Muhammad , Abdul Gani Hamsu , Akbar Asfar Andi Muhammad Iqbal , Nurannisa Andi
Published: September 2021

This study is a research & development, a learning model of connection, extending, review (CER). The steps in this study consist of three steps, those are: (1) preliminary study including literature study, field study and initial product draf aranging; (2) testing with limited testing and broad testing; and (3) product testing through experiment. The analysis result shows that (a) validation step conducted by expert yield expert conclusion that developed CER learning model is generally good and in term of overall model and its learning instrument used (b) in step of model practicality it was o
This study is a research & development, a learning model of connection, extending, review (CER). The steps in this study consist of three steps, those are: (1) preliminary study including literature study, field study and initial product draf aranging; (2) testing with limited testing and broad testing; and (3) product testing through experiment. The analysis result shows that (a) validation step conducted by expert yield expert conclusion that developed CER learning model is generally good and in term of overall model and its learning instrument used (b) in step of model practicality it was obtained the overall achievement of  practicality aspec that it has fulfill the criteria of very practical; (c) limited test shows analysis result with the effect size on the category of significant effect with improvement mostly in high category. Broad testing with two times of testing in two student groups, shows the effect size of in significant effect category. (3) Product testing through experimental study shows that there was a significant score of students’ mathematical reasoning of experimental group after the implementation of CER learning model with the effect size of category as (0.910) compare to control group with the medium effect size as (0.664).
 
btained the overall achievement of  practicality aspec that it has fulfill the criteria of very practical; (c) limited test shows analysis result with the effect size on the category of significant effect with improvement mostly in high category. Broad testing with two times of testing in two student groups, shows the effect size of in significant effect category. (3) Product testing through experimental study shows that there was a significant score of students’ mathematical reasoning of experimental group after the implementation of CER learning model with the effect size of category as (0.910) compare to control group with the medium effect size as (0.664).
Task Scheduling Management for Load Balancing Using Task Grouping Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Abdul Halim Ahmad Helmi , Hajamydeen Asif Iqbal
Published: September 2021

Managing task scheduling management in cloud computing is an essential part for the landscape of complex procedure tasks based on various resources in a proficient and scalable path. The aim of this research is to dynamically optimize the aforesaid issue of task scheduling. The task management improvises the imperfection algorithm by pursue on weighted fair queuing model, which is significantly effective compared to the existing method. A task scheduling model has been created to demonstrate the proposed scheduler management. Study shows the improvement in the adaptation of round robin and shortest job first algorithm performing better than the existing algorithm according to the differentiate execution measurements such as, turnaround time, task size and average waiting time. In addition, context switches play an important role in algorithm by sharing between multiple tasks and running task in the scheduler. Altogether, a significant improvement between existing algorithm and proposed studies follows up accordingly to a specific context switching takes place.
Online versus Onsite Teaching Performance Analysis of an Introductory Electrical Circuit Class
Authors: Amin Mohammad , Sinha Bhaskar Raj , Dey Pradip Peter
Published: September 2021

Academia is adapting to the new age of online teaching and learning as the online mode has rapidly spread during the past several months.  This is a significant paradigm shift and can also be viewed as an opportunity to think and experiment outside the box and question the traditional age-old ways of functioning in the onsite mode. As expected, there is continuous need and strong demand for innovative flexible online activities that promote learning. Currently, most academic institutions are in the process of either evaluating or implementing the new online options and tools for their programs. This paper compares the assessment data for online and onsite offerings of electrical circuit STEM classes during 2007-2021 and suggests that online mode is as good as or better than onsite mode. Future research areas are recommended that may contribute to understanding these trends and results in other areas of engineering and computer science.
Exploring the quality of life and psychological symptoms of university students in Cyprus during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Demetris Hadjicharalambous , Demetriou Loucia , Erotocritou Koulla
Published: September 2021

The onset of the infectious disease Covid19 originating in Wuhan, China, took over the world in December 2019 and was declared a pandemic in January 2020.  Empirical evidence resulting from relevant research illustrated that the effects of the pandemic itself but also of the strict measures to contain the spread of the virus on the mental health and well-being of affected populations were just as unanticipated as the pandemic itself. Data led to the identification of six idioms of distress: (1) Demoralization and pessimism towards the future, (2) anguish and stress, (3) self-depreciation, (4) social withdrawal and isolation, (5) somatization, (6) withdrawal into oneself. Our research explores the psychological impact of the Covid19 pandemic on college students and their quality of life. The study took place in Cyprus with 356 young participants, whereas 256 were female (72%) and 100 were male (28%). They all completed the General Health Questionnaire-28 and the Life Satisfaction Inventory (LSI). The present study's findings revealed that six factors, including residence without family, the deterioration of the financial situation of the family, the loss of employment, the deterioration of social relationships, young age, and gender, have significantly affected in a negative way the mental health and quality of life of young people. Research findings revealed that the strict lockdown and physical/social isolation measures had a significant adverse effect on our sample, whereas participants showed increased symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, and somatization. Young adults who lost their jobs during the pandemic or had a significant decrease in their family income, and students who stayed away from their families, experienced a negative impact on their quality of life and had to cope with more mental health problems.
Adaptation and Initial Validation of the Passion Scale in a Portuguese Sample
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriela , Orgambídez-Ramos Alejandro , Ferrão Maria Clara , Parreira Tiago
Published: September 2021

Passion is defined as a strong inclination to engage in an activity that people like, that they find important, and in which they invest time and energy. As no specific measure to assess levels of passion in the workplace in Portugal is available, the aim of this study was to adapt the Passion scale into Portuguese and validate it. The scale was translated from English into Portuguese using the forward-backward translation method and administered to a sample of 551 Portuguese workers. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to test the replicability of the scale. The results confirmed the expected two-factor structure: harmonious passion and obsessive passion. However, the initial criterion of the replication of the factorial structure based on item factor loadings was not fulfilled. Criterion-related validity was tested by correlations with passion and job satisfaction. Regarding internal consistency, adequate alpha coefficients were obtained for both factors.
Nanostructured catalysts for BIOEthanol transformation to industrially important chemicals
Authors: Horváth Blažej , Petrík Matúš , Gašparovičová Dana , Soták Tomáš
Published: September 2021

Utilization of a low-cost biomaterial, such as bioethanol, to produce value–added compounds for current industry has been investigated. This work is focused on the catalytic transformation of bioethanol into industrially significant alkenes. Catalytic transformation of ethanol was studied using catalysts based mainly on nanostructured materials as Mg-Al hydrotalcites, sepiolites and zeolites doped with Cu, K, Sr, Zn and Mn. The catalytic tests were carried out in a plug-flow reactor in the temperature range of 350—550 °C. Undoped zeolites promote acid-catalyzed dehydration of ethanol, while in case of basic catalysts, such as hydrotalcites, the product distribution is shifted toward butadiene. The impact of the hydrotalcites preparation method on their structure and catalytic activity is reported. It was found that hydrotalcite with well-developed layered structure, prepared by slow hydrolysis, promotes the formation of butadiene (with butadiene yield of 28.2 % at 400 °C vs. ethylene yield of 17.2 % at 550 °C).
Alachlor — ecotoxicity of ozonation by-products
Authors: Čižmárová Oľga , Zakhar Ronald , Derco Ján
Published: September 2021

This work focuses on the assessment of alachlor toxicity, its impact on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, non-target organisms, and humans, as well as with pesticide legislation in the European Union and Slovakia. In the experimental part, the pesticide alachlor was degraded by various ozone-based processes. Toxicity of the original substance and its degradation products was evaluated by ecotoxicity tests on white mustard and bulb onion. Respirometric measurements were performed to assess their effect on the microorganisms of activated sludge process. From the results it is possible to evaluate that the degradation of alachlor by ozonation at alkaline pH resulted in less toxic substances compared to the original pesticide.
The Most Frequent Neurological Complications in HIV Patients in Constanta and the Influence that Coinfections Have in the Onset of Such Conditions
Authors: Corina Pascu , Magdalena Dumitru Irina , Carmen Cernat Roxana , Cristian Petcu Lucian , Sorin Rugina
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This paper shows the results of a retrospective observational analytical study that has enrolled 166 HIV positive patients diagnosed with a neurological complication between June 2012 and June 2020, in Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of Constanta. 119 patients (71,69%) were diagnosed with one of the three neurological complications: HIV associated dementia (HAD), Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) and CNS Toxoplasmosis (CT). We have noted CD4 levels, viral loads, and the presence/absence of other infections like: HBV, HCV, Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

The results show that PML and CT, in this order, are the main opportunistic infections with important neurological impact. Both, PML and CT are in direct correlation with the immune status, but also with other infections like the infection with HCV or with M. Tuberculosis. CD4 nadir <100 cells/mmc and viral load ≥100000copies/ml have a stronger association with PML (p<0,05). Patients known with HIV and T. pallidum infection are more likely, in case of new sudden neurological signs, to be diagnosed with Neurotoxoplasmosis versus PML, or HAD (p<0,05). Given the fact that HIV patients can have multiple alterations of neurological functions, and spectaculous but complicated neuro imagistic results, knowing the history of the patients, the lab results, and the statistical probability can help the physician, infectious disease specialist or neurologist, to make a faster and precise diagnosis.
How social influences and work environment affect the overall experience of tefl teachers in China
Authors: Berman Gabriella , Potgieter Adele
Published: September 2021

Background

Expatriation has grown rapidly, and the TEFL (teaching English as a foreign language) industry relies on it heavily. As is the case with any expatriation adjustment, TEFL teachers’ overall experience of living and working in China can be influenced by external factors. For the purpose of the study described in this article, both social influences and the work environment are highlighted as influences on the overall experience of teaching TEFL in China.

Research aims

The research aim of the study was to investigate the efect of social influences and work environment on the overall experience of TEFL teachers who teach in China.

Methodology

The study made use of a positivistic research paradigm and a descriptive research design. The sampling procedure utilised in the study was non-probability sampling, and the technique used was convenience sampling. The target population comprised TEFL teachers who were teaching in China, with the final sample consisting of 379 respondents. To collect data, the method used was an online survey, and the specific measuring instrument was a web-based, self-administered questionnaire, distributed via a link on Facebook, WeChat, LinkedIn, and Reddit groups that are specifically for TEFL teachers in China. Once the data were collected, both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilised to analyse and interpret the data.

Findings

From the empirical data collected in the study, it was found that, in general, both social influences and the work environment of TEFL teachers in China positively affected their overall experience, while the potential influence of a language barrier proved to have no negative effect on their overall experience.
Shoulder Involvement in Daily Practice – Ultrasonographic Approach
Authors: Chisălau Beatrice Andreea , Bărbulescu Andreea Lili , Pârvanescu Cristina Dorina , Firulescu Sineta Cristina , Popoviciu Horaţiu Valeriu , Ionescu Răzvan Adrian , Sandu Raluca Elena , Ene Cristina Gabriela , Dinescu Ștefan Cristian , Ciurea Paulina Lucia , Vreju Florentin Ananu
Published: September 2021

Shoulder involvement is one of the most frequent findings in rheumatology and many of the rheumatic diseases can determine inflammatory lesions, as well as degenerative ones. Due to the non-specificity of clinical symptoms, imaging methods are emerging into the daily practice in order to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Objectives. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of different pathologic changes in patients with shoulder pain, depending on the concurrent disease and associated risk factors.

Material and methods. We included in our retrospective study 40 consecutive patients that presented with shoulder pain, during the past 6 months, in the Department of Rheumatology. All those patients underwent ultrasound evaluation according to EULAR Guidelines for musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Rheumatology.

Results. Rotator cuff lesions, which most commonly underlie non traumatic pain in adults, were detected with frequencies similar to the ones described by the literature. It seems that comorbidities, as the presence of diabetes, may influence tendon degeneration or rupture.

Conclusions. Although it included a relatively low number of subjects, our paper reveals data similar to the ones previously published and underlines the necessity of applying an algorithm for managing shoulder pathology, that should mandatory include ultrasonography examination, in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis and individualize each patient's therapeutic approach and improve their life quality.
Clostridium Difficile Infection and Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Stoian Marilena , Stoica Victor
Published: September 2021

We are presenting a case of a 38-year -old man was admitted to the hospital with biliary obstruction and Clostridium Difficile infection. The hepatic biochemical profile improved during corticosteroid therapy, which is a change more characteristic of autoimmune hepatitis than of primary sclerosing cholangitis, needs for a positive diagnostic an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and a biopsy of gastric and duodenum mucosae. The abnormalities in the results of liver-function tests due to primary sclerosing cholangitis may have been resulted in part to the intestinal inflammation due to Crohn disease; the abnormalities improved with therapy directed at suppressing that inflammation.
Iron loss analysis and calculation of high energy density permanent magnet machine
Authors: Zhao Yangyang , Zhang Xu , Zhu Peihao , Zheng Qingchun
Published: September 2021

It is a research hotspot of electric propulsion system that a high energy density permanent magnet machine is used as its main power. In general, the power system of electric propulsion consists of batteries, inverters and high energy density permanent magnet machines and loads. Based on harmonic effect of PWM sine alternating current generated by inverter, iron loss model of high energy density permanent magnet machine is established under inverter power harmonic, and iron loss calculation flow chart of high energy density permanent magnet machine for electric propulsion system is shown. The influences of different stator outer diameter and rotor inner diameter on iron loss are analyzed by using the finite element method. Through the above analysis, a 30 kW high energy density permanent magnet machine was designed. Then the noload test and iron loss separation test were carried out, verifying that the machine has very low core loss.
A four-phase framework for Lean implementation in small and medium enterprises
Authors: Minh Nguyen , Kien Duong
Published: September 2021

Although Lean has been known and applied in both theoretical and practical on around the world for many years,a deeper understanding of Lean tools, principles implementation, anda roadmap to successfully apply is needed. In the context of Small and medium enterprises (SME), it is very difficult for local enterprises to apply synchronization Lean tools, techniques, and principles because of limited resources in manpower, technology, and management capability. Through the case-based study, this paper proposed the four-phase roadmap for Lean application in SMEs. An analysis of methods froma literature review of Lean implementation was conducted in order to identify the phases of the roadmap. Then, six SMEs in Vietnam that applied Lean were chosen to collect data and analyze the applicability and how Lean tools are successful implemented in the cases to confirm the findings.
Circularity in the Management of Municipal Solid Waste – A Systematic Review
Authors: Khatiwada Dilip , Golzar Farzin , Mainali Brijesh , Devendran Aarthi Aishwarya
Published: September 2021

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has emerged as one of the major environmental challenges globally. The consequences of inappropriate waste management are manifold and the trend would continue if immediate interventions are not taken for its reversion amid rapid urbanization and current consumption patterns of individuals. The concept of circular economy (CE) can contribute to a paradigm shift in the transformation of the traditional linear approach that does not favour reuse, recycle, recovery concept. Modern and proven waste management practices with collection systems, recycling facilities, sanitary landfills, and waste-to-energy (WtE) and nutrient recovery offer opportunities to improve urban environment through the valorization of waste and by-products in a CE. This study scrutinizes the existing literature on the assessment of circularity and helps to develop a unified circularity framework in the management of MSW in cities. Key aspects such as tools for measuring circularity, nexus and trade-offs, and conditions in promoting CE are discussed. Finally, this paper elucidates the need for circularity, including enablers and inhibitors for promoting circularity in the management of MSW with a case study in the city of Curitiba, Brazil.
Early transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Indonesia
Authors: Mudatsir Mudatsir , Keam Synat , Winardi Wira , Yufika Amanda , Rabaan Ali A. , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Dhama Kuldeep , Wagner Abram L. , Harapan Harapan
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to evaluate the vigilance of the health system during the early phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Indonesia. The early epidemiology and transmission chains of COVID-19 were analyzed based on data from the Directorate General of Disease Prevention and Control of the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The results of this study shown although Indonesia is a country with a high relative importation risk of SARS-CoV-2, the first two cases of COVID-19 were identified on March 2, 2020. This relatively late date by regional standards raises the possibility of undetected cases beforehand. The first case was a foreigner citizen who visited the capital city of Jakarta and later was diagnosed COVID-19 after returning from Indonesia. One week later after the first case, 27 confirmed COVID-19 cases had been reported in Indonesia, and the majority of the cases were clustered together. Apart from the possibility of underdetection of COVID-19 cases in the country, the government has strengthened the disease surveillance system and established an outbreak preparedness system to diagnose and control COVID-19.
A rare case of varicella zoster virus encephalitis in a 16 years old unvaccinated girl
Authors: Khan Abdul Wali , Khan Abad , Ishaq Muhammad , Ullah Irfan , Fahriani Marhami
Published: September 2021

We reported a 16-year-old girl, with diffuse vesicular rashes all over the body, presented to the emergency department with altered mental status, irritability, persistent fever and one episode of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. After thorough evaluation and investigations, the case was a varicella zoster-associated encephalitis in an unvaccinated patient. Appropriate treatment was initiated, the patient was then shifted to the critical care and subsequently discharged with no sequelae. Early diagnosis and treatment should be emphasized as they play an important role in the clinical outcome of chickenpox-associated encephalitis.
Prevalence of shigellosis and associated risk factors among undergraduate students of a private university in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Enitan Seyi Samson , Odigie Joan , Adekunbi Oluyemisi Ajike , Emmanuel Okondu Ogechukwu , Ogbonna Nwachi Idume , Laura Tsague Metago Claudette , Ofodile Chukwudi Amaechi , Itodo Grace Eleojo , Edafetanure-Ibeh Marcel , Adetola Abiodun Oluwasegun
Published: September 2021

This cross-sectional, institutional-based study aimed to determine the prevalence of shigellosis and associated risk factors among Babcock University students in Ogun State, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty (120) undergraduate students, 80 females and 40 males, were asked to provide stool specimen in a sterile leak-proof single-use universal bottle with a screw-capped lid. Standard microbiological techniques were used to analyse the stool samples. A questionnaire was designed to collect demographic and clinical information from participants. The data obtained were statistically analysed using the SPSS Statistics software (version 18.0). The study showed that there was no occurrence of shigellosis among the study participants (0%), but other enteric pathogens infection were present in all participants (100%). The three most common mono-infections found among the study participants included Staphylococcus aureus (40%), followed by Escherichia coli (16.7%), and Salmonella typhi and Bacillus spp. (3.3%, each). While the most common prevalence of dual-infections included Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (33.3%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi (3.3%). The proportion of participants who were asymptomatic (66.7%) was significantly higher than the symptomatic ones (33.3%). Identified risk factors of non-Shigella enteric infection included consumption of beef, vegetables, fruits, poultry/poultry products, as well as street foods, poor hand hygiene before eating, anal cleaning, and poor hand hygiene after toileting. Although shigellosis did not exist among undergraduate students of Babcock University, this study highlighted the existence of other enteric infections among the study participants. Therefore, the necessary preventive measures should be ensured and sustained.
RUSSIAN CIVILIZATION: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORTHODOX ISOLATION AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nefedov S. A.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to analysing the influence of Eastern orthodox isolationism on technological development of Russia. Russia was an isolated orthodox civilization and according to S. Huntington, there were civilizational splits along its borders. These were zones of constant wars between civilizations. The Orthodox Church preached religious messianism; the Orthodox Christians considered representatives of other religions to be “unholy”, strayed away from communicating with them and avoided borrowing anything from “the unholy". The Mongol invasion led to the loss of many technologies borrowed from Byzantium in the previous period; in particular, the brick building technology was lost. Although the Golden Horde constructed buildings of bricks and used cast iron and gunpowder, the Russians did not adopt these advances. This resulted in the fact that having passed the Russian grounds, metallurgical and gunpowder technologies reached Europe, and it was Europe from where they came to Russia approximately two centuries later.
DIFFICULTIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LARGE ASYMPTOMATIC PITUITARY ADENOMA, DETECTED DURING DIAGNOSTIC OF THE CENTRAL GYRUS REGION MENINGIOMA
Authors:   Polenov Russian Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, NECHAEVA A.S. , MASLOVA L.N. ,   Polenov Russian Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, TSENTSIPER L.M. ,   Polenov Russian Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, SAFAROV B.I. ,   Polenov Russian Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Multiple intracranial tumors with different histological types diagnosed in the same patient are rare. The combination of meningiomas and pituitary adenomas in most cases concerns patients who received radiation therapy for pituitary adenomas. In our observation, the giant meningioma of the central gyrus area and large asymptomatic pituitary adenoma were diagnosed. As a result of surgical treatment performed in 2 stages, the total removal of the large pituitary adenoma was not achieved, which raised the question of finding alternative non-surgical methods of patient management. According to the results of an additional immunohistochemical study, the presence of somatostatin receptors 2a (SSTR2a) was revealed both in the pituitary adenoma and in the meningioma, which makes it possible to consider the issue of further treatment of pituitary adenoma with somatostatin receptor agonists and might reduce the risk of relapse and meningioma in the patient. Keywords: Meningioma, pituitary adenoma , multiple intracranial tumors, asymptomatic macroadenoma, somatostatin receptors.
PARASITOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF FOOD SAFETY
Authors:   Arakelyan Rudolf Sergeevich Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Astrakhan State Medical University, SHEMETOVA S.A. , POLYANSKAYA N.V. , SHENDO G.L.
Published: September 2021

Study and assess food safety by parasitological indicators for 2010-2019.
STUDY OF THE FLUORINE CONTENT IN THE HOUSEHOLD AND DRINKING WATER IN THE TURSUNZADE SETTLEMENTS
Authors: EGAMNAZAROV KH.N. , BABAEV I.I. , ALIEV S.P.
Published: September 2021

Analysis of fluorine content in the household and drinking water in the Tursunzade settlements, depending on the wind directions and the season.
PEDIATRIC POSTTRAUMATIC ENDOPHTHALMITIS IN TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, KARIM-ZADE KH.J.
Published: September 2021

Study the clinical and epidemiological patterns of posttraumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) in children in Tajikistan.
Exercise-related changes of the physiological indicators in children with different forms of spastic cerebral palsy
Authors:   Department of Medical Biology with the course of Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute, Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russian Federation, BRUYKOV A.A.
Published: September 2021

To assess the indicators of the cardiovascular system (CVS) affected by exercise in children with various forms of cerebral palsy (CP).
STUDY OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF THE GENUS Allium GROWING IN TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Virology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, SATOROV S. , MIRZOEVA F.D.
Published: September 2021

Comparative assessment of the antimicrobial activity of widespread and endemic species of the genus Allium growing in Tajikistan.
PREVALENCE OF CLEFT LIP AND CLEFT PALATE IN SOME REGIONS OF EURASIA
Authors:   Department of Dentistry, Institute of Professional Education, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, ABDURAKHMANOV A.Z. , POSTNIKOV M.A. ,   Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russian Federation, YAKUBOVA Z.KH. ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, PANKRATOVA N.V. ,   Department of Orthodontics, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federationc
Published: September 2021

A literature review on the prevalence of the cleft lip and cleft palate (CLCP) is provided. Prevalence of this birth defect in the world is approximately 0.04% or 1:1000 of babies born. It has been shown that dentoalveolar and facial anomalies and deformities remain in the leading positions among dental diseases, such as caries and periodontal diseases. Their prevalence ranges between 11.4% and 80%. Bilateral cleft of the upper lip and palate (BCULP), which is a severe pathology of the maxillofacial region (MFR), accounts for 12-25% of the CLCP cases.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a pediatric medical residency program in the city of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Felix Mara , Made Patrícia , Seixas Juliana , Moreira Carolina , Sampaio Luciana , Sampaio Márcia , Souza Monica , Guedes Ana Cristina
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic - a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) was decreed. Since then, there has been a need for adaptations in the pediatric medical residency program (MRP) at a federal hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: Retrospective observational study whose objective was to describe the modifications in the pediatric MRP at a federal hospital resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: Our pediatric MRP implemented adaptations such as: postponement of outpatient consultations; reduction in the number of residents allocated to the wards; temporary suspension of external rotations except for maternity rotation; training for proper dressing and undressing procedures; removal of residents with chronic diseases, pregnancy and those with suspected COVID-19; implementation of remote consultation and educational activities in a virtual environment. Data from March, April, May, and June 2020 were analyzed. During this period, 4 residents from pediatrics were removed due to chronic diseases or pregnancy. Of the 37 remaining residents of the PRM, 27 (73%) were removed due to issues related to COVID-19 (suspected COVID-19 or psychological stress). Of these, coronavirus infection was confirmed in 15 residents (40.5%). CONCLUSION: The pandemic caused the removal of many residents on suspicion of COVID-19 and alteration of the services routines. There was a significant reduction in outpatient consultations and suspension of face-to-face theoretical activities. In any case, the adoption of digital platforms for remote consultations and teaching activities allowed the maintenance of patient care and continued medical education.
Lethality by COVID-19 in children: an integrative review
Authors: Andrade Márcia , Lamounier Joel , Paiva Taynara , Leite Priscila , Silva Emylle
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of deceased pediatric patients with COVID-19. METHODS: It was performed an integrative literature review with the keywords “children”, “COVID-19” and “death” and the boolean “AND” on the databases SciELO, PubMed, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Embase and ScienceDirect. The results were filtered by publication date (January 1st to June 30th) and by language (Portuguese, English and Spanish). The inclusion criteria were: articles with proven or probable pediatric COVID-19 cases and full text in Portuguese, English or Spanish. Articles with no full text available in the above-mentioned languages, non-pediatric population and editorials were excluded. Brazilian data were analyzed based on epidemiological reports from each state of the country. RESULTS: 24 articles were analyzed, with a total of 17 deaths among pediatric COVID-19 patients. There was no data available about age of 9 patients and about comorbidities of 14 patients. Brazil had 357 pediatric deaths and 182 of them were on the age group 0-9 years. The most frequent comorbidities were heart disease and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the low distribution of deaths among pediatric COVID-19 patients, it is important to point out that they are still carriers of the disease.
EFFECT OF CORROSION LONGITUDINAL STEEL BARS ON THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF RC BEAMS
Authors: Mahmood Noor KH. , Lateef Assim M.
Published: September 2021

The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of corroded steel bars on the ultimate flexural capacity of reinforcement concrete beams. The experimental work consists of four RC beams with dimensions (150×200×1200) mm tested under two-point concentrated loading. The major parameter of the current research is corrosion period (5,10,20) days. The amount of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement, concrete strength and, the other parameters were kept constant for all samples. The comparisons between specimens are based on the visual cracking loads, ultimate loads, deflection, cracks pattern and mode of failure. Results showed that visual first cracking load, and ultimate loads of corroded RC beams were decreased with increase corrosion durations relative to the control beam as a result of the corrosion process. The mode of failure was flexural failure for all specimens. Corrosion caused decreasing percentage in weight of steel bars and cross-sectional area of longitudinal steel bars. This percent increased as exposure time to corrosion process increased by 8.5% and 28.39% for 20 days respectively.
Is More Better? The Divide between Retailer’s and Manufacturers’ Preferences for Reviews and Review Monetization
Authors:   The University of Texas at Dallas, Zhang Haozhao , Zhang Zhe (James) ,   The University of Texas at Dallas, Raghunathan Srinivasan ,   The University of Texas at Dallas
Published: September 2021

Research on online product reviews has examined a variety of issues ranging from reviewers’ motivation to write reviews to the impact of reviews on product sales. Implicit in this research stream is the notion that more reviews are better for sellers and consumers. However, it is unclear whether both retailers, who control the review platform, and manufacturers, whose products are reviewed, prefer more reviews over fewer reviews. Using a game theoretical model of a context in which a dominant retailer sells competing products from two manufacturers to consumers who are uncertain about product quality and fit, we show that the retailers’ and manufacturers’ preferences regarding the number of reviews are not always aligned. The nature of misalignment depends on whether the quality or the fit is more dominant in terms of consumers’ evaluation of products. If generating reviews do not cost anything, we found that additional reviews always benefit the retailer; however, if the number of reviews exceeds a threshold in the quality-dominates-fit case scenario, they may be harmful to the manufacturer. On the other hand, if the retailer incurs a sufficiently high cost to generate reviews, the retailer may prefer to have fewer reviews. We show that retailers can exploit the divide between retailers’ and manufacturers’ preferences for reviews and monetize reviews by charging a fee to the manufacturers in return for a guarantee on the number of reviews that they generate. We show that the product type and review platform design play a significant role in the attractiveness of review monetization for retailers. Even if reviews are monetized, we determined that retailers’ revenue from “selling” reviews to manufacturers does not exceed the cost of generating reviews, implying that the benefit from reviews is driven the positive impacts of reviews on the retailer’s core business of selling products to consumers. However, in the fit-dominates-quality case scenario, retailers do not prefer large numbers of reviews whereas manufacturers do. In this case, we found that retailers are unable to exploit the misalignment between retailers’ and manufacturers’ preferences for reviews through review monetization.
Los cristianos nuevos y la Compañía de Jesús: Antonio de Acosta y José de Acosta
Authors:   UNISINOS – Brasil, Dávila Murguía Luis Alberto M.
Published: September 2021

El siguiente estudio se ha dividido en dos partes. En la primera parte se analizan las relaciones de la familia de José de Acosta, especialmente la de su padre, Antonio de Acosta y sus actividades profesionales, así como la incorporación a la Compañía de Jesús de cinco de sus hijos. En la segunda parte se analizan las acusaciones que fueron proferidas contra el jesuita José de Acosta, al que calificaban como cristiano nuevo. Estas acusaciones deben ser analizadas en el contexto de las pugnas por llevar adelante la realización de la Quinta Congregación General de la Compañía de Jesús en Roma en 1593. Estos dos momentos se entrelazan en la vida de José de Acosta cuando se dio el cambio de la política de la Compañía de Jesús en relación con la incorporación de cristianos nuevos en sus filas.
La virtud de la justicia en directivos según Leonardo Polo
Authors:   Universidad de Piura, Castillo Genara
Published: September 2021

Si bien se suele tratar más de la prudencia que de la justicia, ya que sin ella se cometen errores que tienen un costo muy alto. Según Leonardo Polo «la virtud ética primaria es la prudencia. La prudencia es una virtud dianoética; es decir, una virtud intelectual que marca el enlace de la inteligencia con la conducta práctica, en tanto que la conducta práctica puede y debe ser dirigida. La prudencia es un tema ético central en la tradición occidental. Actualmente ella está desa­creditada o más bien descuidada. Aunque es evidente que cualquier hombre de acción la está utilizando constantemente: está viviendo la prudencia en el manejo de sus asuntos; de lo contrario no puede subsistir» (1997, p. 51). Sin embargo, todas las virtudes están conectadas, justamente parte de la deliberación que exige la prudencia involucra a la justicia ya que si bien la deliberación está centrada en los medios ello incluye a las personas y a los bienes a los cuales ella tiene derecho. En este sentido es muy significativo que la justicia sea considerada virtud social básica, y ya que ha sido tratada por muchos autores nos centraremos en este artículo en el aporte que da al tema el filósofo Leonardo Polo.
Ricardo Silva-Santisteban (2018). Escrito en el agua. Tercera edición. Lima, Alastor Editores, 570 pp.
Authors: Ventura Vásquez Williams Nicks
Published: September 2021

El poeta se encuentra en la incesante búsqueda de un lenguaje original. La musicalidad, el ritmo, la métrica, con pinceladas de sensibilidad, lo acompaña-rán para trastocar las fibras del espíritu del lector. A estos aspectos elementa-les, el creador necesita reconocer la tradición literaria, valorarla para renovarse constantemente por las sendas de la creación. Con esa aguda mirada selecciona autores imprescindibles, rescata discursos olvidados y, si la oportunidad se le da, critica con fineza los logros alcanzados por cada artista. Incluso, ese hálito poético lo lleva a traducir poemas con destreza a fin de mantener la originalidad de los versos. Pocos logran conciliar e integrar esas virtudes como el autor de Escrito en el agua.
Tomás Halík, Paciencia con Dios, Herder, Barcelona 2014, 245 pp.
Authors: Arroyo Mario
Published: September 2021

Tomás Halík es un sacerdote checo, ordenado furtivamente durante el régimen comunista. Durante esa etapa desarrolla clandestinamente su actividad pastoral y participa activamente en la resistencia cultural impartiendo cursos en la «universidad volante» o publicando samizdats (copia y distribución de litera-tura prohibida, p. 22). Cuando Chequia alcanza la libertad se desempeñó como profesor universitario, consejero de Václav Havel y secretario de la Conferencia Episcopal. San Juan Pablo II lo nombra consejero del ahora extinto «Pontificio Consejo para el diálogo con los No Creyentes» y en 2014 recibe el Premio Temple-ton. Chequia es uno de los países con más alto porcentaje de ateos, de forma que en su labor tanto pastoral como intelectual ha mantenido un ininterrumpido intercambio con ellos
ANNUAL YOUTH POLICY AS A TOOL FOR PREVENTING POLITICAL EXTREMISM IN YOUTH ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Бааль Наталья Борисовна
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются задачи, цели, принципы, основные направления в реализации государственной молодежной политики, а также подходы, определяющие сущность, принципы и модель построения государственной молодежной политики в Российской Федерации.

The article examines the tasks, goals, principles, main directions in the implementation of state youth policy, as well as approaches that determine the essence, principles, and model of building state youth policy in the Russian Federation.
VOLUNTEERING AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE CONSOLIDATION OF SOCIETY
Authors: Майкова Валентина Петровна , Данилова Олеся Александровна
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрена волонтерская деятельность как фактор консолидации современного общества. Показано, что добровольческое движение может уравновешивать инновации и традиции предшествующих поколений, сохранившиеся в народной памяти и представляющие собой механизмы духовно-нравственного измерения социально-политических процессов. Сделан вывод, что добровольческая безвозмездная деятельность во благо страны и общества может стать основой консолидирующей идеи, указывающей на пути выхода России из кризиса, стабилизации новых общественных отношений, в торжестве таких институтов демократии, как гласность, политические права и свободы. Механизм трансформации интересов и устремлений различных масс в реальную помощь неминуемо призывает к консолидации всех прогрессивных сторон.

The article is devoted to volunteer activity as a factor of consolidation of modern society. It is shown that the voluntary movement can balance the innovations and traditions of previous generations, preserved in the national’s memory and representing the mechanisms of the spiritual and moral dimension of socio-political processes. It is concluded that voluntary gratuitous activity for the benefit of the country and society can become the basis of a consolidating idea that points to the ways out of the crisis in Russia, the stabilization of new social relations, in the triumph of such democratic institutions as public, political rights and freedoms. The mechanism of transforming the interests and aspirations of various masses into real help inevitably calls for the consolidation of all progressive parties.
I. BERLIN’S INTELLECTUAL HISTORY: INTERPRETATION OF PLURALISM OF VALUES
Authors: Потамская Вера Павловна
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается история идей Исайи Берлина, представляющая собой историю изменения и смены моделей человеческого развития. Указывается, что одной из фундаментальных установок Берлина является ценностный плюрализм, корни которого он обнаруживает в философии Дж. Вико, И. Гердера. Определяется, что ценностный плюрализм Берлина подразумевает под собой наличие множественных и несоизмеримых человеческих ценностей, которые находятся в состоянии противостояния и даже конфликта друг с другом.

The article is devoted to I. Berlin's history of ideas, which is the history of change and shifts of models of human development. It is pointed out that one of his fundamental ideas is pluralism of values, the roots of which he discovered in the philosophy of G. Vico, I. Herder. It is maintained that the pluralism of values implies the presence of multiple and incommensurable human values, which are in a state of confrontation and even conflict with each other.
"THE PLAGUE" BY A. CAMUS AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: HUMANITY IN THE FACE OF AN EXISTENTIAL THREAT
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Ryazantsev Sergey V. , Smirnov Alexey V. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS
Published: September 2021

The novel of the Nobel Prize winner in literature Albert Camus "The Plague" became one of the most widely read books in Europe during the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. A number of researchers consider Camus to be an existentialist writer. Existentialism arises, after two bloody wars, to give answers to questions that concern humanity. Since Albert Camus wrote the novel during the Second World War, he understands the plague not only as a disease, but also as German soldiers, whom the inhabitants of France called the "brown plague" because the invaders wore brown shirts. As the inhabitants of the city of Oran resisted the plague on the pages of the work, so the inhabitants of France fought against Nazism and fascism. A. Camus in the novel "The Plague" describes the quarantine measures that take place in the city of Oran in the 40s of the XX century. The consequences of the epidemic and the behavior of the residents described in the novel have much in common with modern coronavirus realities: the decline of the economy, the growth of the number of unemployed, protests against the quarantine measures introduced; the introduction of curfews, the creation of new medicines, etc. In Russia, as in the pages of the novel, there is a decline in the economy. Thus, during the pandemic in Russia, the number of registered unemployed increased from 1.3 million people to 4.8 million, and the appeal to employment centers for support measures increased from 20% to 80%. Camus in his novel writes about the creation of an anti-plague serum, in Russia, the first in the world, a vaccine against coronavirus infection "Sputnik V" was created. The director of the hotel, described in the work, said that due to the epidemic and quarantine, the tourist business disappeared. According to the World Tourism Organization — tourism at the end of 2020 it has decreased by 77% compared to 2019, which is equivalent to the tourist activity that was recorded in the late 80s. Stray animals were shot in Oran, because they believed that they could be carriers of infection. In China, during the Covid-19 pandemic, pets were thrown out of windows because people believed that they could be the source of Covid-19, and in Denmark, more than 11 million minks were exterminated for the same reasons. The authors of this article attempted to analyze the development of the epidemiological process in the novel and plot the mortality rate from the plague according to the data of the work.