bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis for the MHD Forced Convective Flow of a Nanofluid over a Slendering Stretching Sheet with Radiation in Porous Medium
Authors: K. Suneetha  , G. Venkata Ramana Reddy  , S.M. Ibrahim  , Rama Subba Reddy Gorla
Published: October 2019

Computational analysis of radiative heat and mass transfer of nanofluid over a slendering stretching sheet in porous medium with uneven heat source and slip effects have been carried out in this article. The transformed equations a of the flow model are solved by the Runge-Kutta scheme coupled with shooting method to depict the dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration at the boundary layer. Numerical computations are carried out and discussed for skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. We found an excellent agreement of the present results with the existed results under some special conditions. It is also found that the heat transfer performance is high in the presence of velocity slip effect. Dimensionless skin-friction coefficient has decreased for increasing magnetic field, power law-index with velocity slip and wall thickness.
MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF TWO HOT WATER SPRINGS IN THE GARHWAL HIMALAYA, INDIA
Authors: Kumar Rahul , C. Sharma Ramesh
Published: October 2019

The water samples were collected from two different hot water springs (Ringigad and Saldhar) of the Garhwal Himalaya for a period of two years. During the study period, the water sample was collected two times (June and August) each year for the analysis of physico-chemical attributes and isolated microorganisms including bacteria, archaea and fungi. A total of fifteen physico-chemical parameters were studied during the study period that includes the water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, free carbondioxide, salinity, total dissolved solids, chlorides, total alkalinity, nitrates, sulphates, phosphates, total hardness, calcium and magnesium. Seven bacterial strains along with four archaeal and three fungal strains were isolated and identified in Ringigad thermal spring with α-diversity of 14. However, the α-diversity in Saldhar thermal spring was recorded to be 12 with six bacterial, three archaeal and three fungal strains. The temperature of water ranged between 820C and 890C for Ringigad and between 870C and 920C for Saldhar.
Biofilm formation by Aquaspirillum spp. and saprophytic Leptospira spp. isolated from environmental source of Argentine
Authors: Exequiel Scialfa , Yanina Videla , Loffler Sylvia Grune , Silvina Quintana , Pablo Aguirre , Bibiana Brihuega
Published: October 2019

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global distribution, caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. These spirochetes are living organisms free of mud and water; pathogenic leptospires can survive several days in fresh water when pH and temperature are adequate. During 2016, water samples were collected from Callvú Leovú stream (Azul, Buenos Aires); samples were inoculated in liquid EMJH medium and incubated at 28° C for 90 days. Six isolates of saprophytic leptospires and six of spirils (Aquaspirillum spp.) were obtained. The isolates were inoculated in EMJH (liquid and semi-solid) medium and sterile stream water at 4-10° C and 28-30° C; development was observed periodically using dark field microscopy. Both bacteria (alone or together) grew exponentially in first three weeks in all media incubated at 28-30° C; the semi-solid medium was the most efficient at 28-30° C of incubation, and the bacteria remained viable after 16 weeks. At 4-8° C both bacteria remained undetectable but viable in media incubated at 4-8° C for three weeks until the temperature was optimal (thermal stimulation). Leptospires developed in all media used and remained viable for 112 to 168 days (at 4-8° C incubation) in liquid media. The formation of cellular aggregate between Leptospira spp. and Aquaspirillum spp. was independent at the incubation temperature. These results suggest that Aquaspirillum spp. coexists with the genus Leptospira in surface waters, and their presence may indicate possible circulation of leptospires.
ANALISIS KESEJAHTERAAN MAQASHID SYARIAH PADA USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH
Authors: IMANI SAFARINDA
Published: October 2019

The contribution of the Surabaya city government is an provision of freedom of production based on the level of creativity and innovation. Building Suroboyo bridges, dancing fountains, bulak parks, and fish centers that make up the area to better place towards prosperity. MSMEs will also increase regional income. MSMEs indirectly apply maqashid sharia. Using qualitative descriptive analysis to understand how MSM can be used in the perspective of Islamic economics from the side of Maqashid al-Shari'ah.
Variability of bioactive properties and antioxidant activity in commercially grown cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) cultivars grown in India
Authors: Kannaujia P.K. , Patel N. , Asrey R. , Mahawar M.K. , Meena V.S. , Bibwe B. , Jalgaonkar K. , Negi N.
Published: October 2019

In this study, six commercial cherry tomato cultivars were analysed for variations in biochemical and technological parameters. Significant differences were observed among cultivars with respect to their technological and functional quality attributes. About 2.48-fold variation in titratable acidity, 2.47-fold variation in total phenolics, 4.13-fold variation in total carotenoid and 7.68-fold variation in lycopene contents were recorded. The total antioxidant activity and respiration rate were also found to vary about 1.85-fold and 1.48-fold, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were found in the Cherry tomato hybrid no.1 followed by Pusa cherry tomato-1. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that Cherry tomato hybrid no. 1, Pusa cherry tomato-1, and Nagmoti cultivars were abundantly rich in phytochemical and bioactive compounds.
Acupuncture for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Lu Weidong , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Freedman Rachel A. , Shin Im Hee , Lin Nancy U. , Partridge Ann H. , Rosenthal David S. , Ligibel Jennifer A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most debilitating long-term side effects in breast cancer survivors. We conducted a randomized controlled pilot trial to assess the feasibility, safety, and effects of an acupuncture intervention on CIPN in this population.

Patients and Methods

Women with stage I–III breast cancer with grade 1 or higher CIPN after taxane-containing adjuvant chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to an immediate acupuncture (IA) arm or to a waitlist control group (CG). Participants in the IA arm received 18 sessions of acupuncture over 8 weeks, then received no additional acupuncture. Patients in the CG arm received usual care over 8 weeks, followed by nine sessions of acupuncture over 8 weeks. Measures including Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire (PNQ), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Neurotoxicity subscale (FACT-NTX), and Brief Pain Inventory—short form (BPI-SF) were collected at baseline and at 4, 8, and 16 weeks after enrollment.

Results

Forty women (median age, 54) were enrolled (20 to IA and 20 to CG), with median time between completion of chemotherapy and enrollment of 14 months (range 1–92). At 8 weeks, participants in the IA arm experienced significant improvements in PNQ sensory score (−1.0 ± 0.9 vs. −0.3 ± 0.6; p = .01), FACT-NTX summary score (8.7 ± 8.9 vs. 1.2 ± 5.4; p = .002), and BPI-SF pain severity score (−1.1 ± 1.7 vs. 0.3 ± 1.5; p = .03), compared with those in the CG arm. No serious side effects were observed.

Conclusion

Women with CIPN after adjuvant taxane therapy for breast cancer experienced significant improvements in neuropathic symptoms from an 8-week acupuncture treatment regimen. Additional larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Assessment of Skempton's pore water pressure parametersBandAusing a high-capacity tensiometer
Authors: Sanlon Philip , Sivakumar Vinayagamoothy , Solan Brian , Tripathy Snehasis , MacKinnon Pauline , Donohue Shane , Ramaiah Bathala Janaki
Published: October 2019

Saturation of soils is a prerequisite in many laboratory tests involving consolidation, permeability and stress–strain behaviour. The saturation process is usually time consuming, particularly in clay-rich soils, and this can incur substantial cost and potential delays in reporting findings. The saturation of samples is assessed using the well-established Skempton's pore water pressure parameter B. In a situation where the soil is fully saturated, the B-value is approximately one. It is often the case that fine soil samples extracted from the ground, particularly those from below the water table, remain saturated. However, current testing protocols require evidence to verify a complete saturation prior to subsequent laboratory investigations. This paper reports experimental results exploring the hypothesis that, if the sample is ‘perceived’ to be saturated, then further saturation procedures may not be necessary to obtain reliable geotechnical parameters. Laboratory investigations were conducted on three different clays (kaolin clay, Belfast clay and Oxford clay) in a testing chamber instrumented with a high-capacity tensiometer. The confining pressures were applied in a ramped fashion under undrained conditions. The response of the tensiometer confirmed that the samples were saturated from the very beginning of the loading process, as implied by the B-value being close to one. Further supplementary investigations were carried out to assess the Skempton's pore water pressure parameter A and the stress–strain behaviour of the soils. The combined finding provides further evidence to suggest that the saturation process as suggested in standards may not be necessary for fine-grained soils to establish reliable geotechnical design parameters.
The Influence of Public Design Attributes of Urban Regeneration Tourism Destination on Perceived Value and Intention to Revisit: Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Prior Knowledge
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Oh Eun-Bi , Song Na-Young , Kim Tae-Hyung
Published: October 2019

This study aimed at analyzing the influential relations of public design attributes, perceived value, prior knowledge, and intention to revisit focusing a case of an urban regeneration tourism destination. In the literature review, the related concepts were covered and the precedent studies were examined. For the research design, a structural model was constructed and hypotheses were established. Using the purposive sampling method, survey data were collected from tourists who had visited Gyeongui Railroad Book Street, Mapo-gu, Seoul. A total of 434 effective questionnaires were utilized for the analysis. The results of this study showed that the structural relations among public design attributes, perceived value, and intention to revisit were significant overall, and that prior knowledge had a partially significant moderating effect. In conclusion, this study confirmed that the public design attributes of an urban regeneration tourism destination had significant influence on the related tourist behavior. Based on these findings, practical implications for developing urban regeneration tourism destinations are suggested.
Comparing Development Programs of Regional Specialized Convention by the Semantic Network Analysis Methods-Focused on Daegu and Busan Cases-
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Mi-Seong , Seo Yu-Bin , Kim Hyun-Jung , Lee Hey-Ryon
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted to compare the policies and implementation regarding the development of regional specialized conventions, their further development, and maximizing their social value. Daegu Metropolitan City and Busan Metropolitan City were selected as research areas among the cities that had started regional specialized convention projects carried out by their respective local governments in the initial stage. The policy analysis was proceeded through content analysis based on project announcements of each area. For analyzing the phenomenon reflected in the media, the authors collected 248 articles in Daegu and 986 articles in Busan since 2012, when the policy started. From the articles, a semantic network analysis was performed by using Textom. The results show that the term “regional specialized convention” itself was not widely publicized, but that the direction pursued by development policy was paid off in implementation.
Developing Aspects of the Media Sphere Theory Applying Mathematical Modelling, Cognitive Methodology and System Analysis
Authors: Sukhodolov Alexander , Marenko Valentina
Published: October 2019

The article gives the rationale for the necessity of developing a theoretical and methodological basis of mass media theory and up-dating its research tools. It is shown that the main direction of further research should be its mathematization and software-based algorithm development of models for managing information flows. It is established that in order to implement this idea it is necessary to apply a process approach to mass media system research as solutions based on the process approach significantly increase the potential for planning and forecasting changes in the media system, as well as forming effective models of information flows management. In the framework of the process approach, mass information activities are considered as processes that result in creating an information product meeting the needs of a particular consumer or a group of consumers. By integrating all the information product processes that take place in media organizations, a process-type media system that in general results in meeting information needs of the society relevant to peoples interests, preferences and requests is formed. In order to study the system, the authors highlight its most important properties such as integrity, nonadditivity and focus. It is demonstrated that it is impossible to apply conventional mathematical methods and models in the conditions of transient influence of external factors and nonlinear interrelations between processes. The authors prove that revealed interrelations can be successfully visualized by means of cognitive mapping. The authors suggest а cognitive map for evaluation of mass media performance, where a target concept is the level of awareness of the population that provides them with landmarks to guide themselves in the world while governing concepts are the quantity demanded and supplied and the quality of information products. At the same time, it is specified that the quality of mass media products is determined by mass media accessibility, promptness, reliability and feedback from consumers. The proposed cognitive map is formalized by means of fuzzy information about concepts and power of their influence, which is presented in the form of a knowledge database according to fuzzy logic rules. Use of the given knowledge database allows to develop an algorithm for evaluating performance of the media system with the help of MATLAB Fuzzy Logic Toolbox, which provides an opportunity to set performance targets and thus to give different scenarios of information flows management.
Motor Abilities: Identification of Development Level in Boys Aged 12-14
Authors: Khudolii O. M. , Ivashchenko O. V. , Iermakov S. S. , Veremeenko V. Yu. , Lopatiev A. O.
Published: October 2019

The study objective is to determine the possibility of identifying the state of strength abilities development in boys aged 12-14, using the methodology of multidimensional statistics.
Materials and methods. The study involved boys: 12 (n =35), 13 (n = 36), 14 (n = 36) years old. The study used the following methods: analysis and collation of scientific and methodological literature, general scientific methods of theoretical level, such as analogy, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, as well as general scientific methods of empirical level: observation, testing, experiment. The testing program included well-known tests.
Results. In identifying the state of motor abilities development in boys aged 12-14, the most important results were obtained in tests: 10 “Squats Test (two legs), quantity of times” (0.519), 9 “Trunk Lift Test, quantity of times” (0.497), 21 “Flamingo Balance Test - single leg balance test” (-0.496), 1 “Pull-Up / Chin Up Test (low crossbar), quantity of times” (0.428), 19 “Hand Tapping Test, sec.” (-0.427), 20 “Seated Forward Bend, cm” (-0.412), 5 “The subject lies in prone position, arms bent at the elbow 90 degrees - hold position in seconds” (0.408). These tests characterize the comprehensive development of motor abilities in boys aged 12-14. 
In identifying the state of motor abilities development in boys aged 13-14, the most important results were obtained in tests: 8 “Decline Reverse Crunch on Bench, quantity of times” (-0.989), 11 “Single Leg Squat (SLS) Test - right leg, quantity of times” (0.965), 1 “Pull-Up / Chin Up Test (low crossbar), quantity of times” (0.676), №13 “Single Leg Squat (Pistol) - right leg” (0.682), 17 “Eurofit Sit Up Test (for 30 sec.), quantity of times” (0.454). These tests characterize the development level of  relative and static leg strength, strength endurance of abdominal muscles, and dynamic strength of shoulder muscles.
Conclusions. A discriminant analysis made it possible to determine informative indicators for comprehensive control of motor abilities development in boys aged 12-14; to answer the question as to how significantly the states of motor abilities development in boys aged 12, 13 and 14 differ; what motor tests most substantially influence the differentiation of classes; what class the object belongs to based on the values of discriminant variables.
To identify the level of motor abilities development in boys aged 12-14 years, it is necessary to focus on the indicators of relative strength and strength endurance; in boys aged 13 and 14 years – on the indicators of strength endurance of abdominal muscles and endurance of leg muscles.
Insert + Vector DNA Ligation v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

Pipette mix the following components: Double Digested DNAng/uLsize (kb)bp ratio135I:V RatioAXXX Vector, linearised + dephos #VALUE! #VALUE! ng insertAXXX Gen, digested #VALUE! uL insertVolume (uL)RatioInsertVectorT4 LigaseWaterT4 BufferTotalLigation 1 Vector onlyvector0 117220Ligation 2 Vector + Gene ligation3 to 1#VALUE! 1#VALUE!220 Nur die grün markierten felder müssen ausgefüllt werden. Die Formeln berechnen das optimale 3:1 verhältnis von Vektor zu gen. Check wie viel DNA insgesammt eingesetzt wird. Vektor ist bei mir immer so um 25-30 ng und totale DNA menge überschreitet nicht 100 ng dann sollten gute ergebnisse erziehlt werden. Incubate 60 min at room temperature, and/or overnight at 16°C (higher efficiency). Optional: inactivate ligase by incubating for 5 min in 70°C heat block. Transform into E. coli
Natural competence of Bacillus subtilis transformation v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

Inoculation VK: Spread B. subtilis out of cryo on LB plate and apply üN 37°C or üW 30°C Single clone in 5 ml Paris Medium (test tube) on incubator roller or plate washer with 1 ml Paris Medium (saves one day work) Inoculation of 2,5 ml Paris Medium (test tube) from VK (dishwasher or liquid-ÜK) to OD580=0,2 4h incubation on incubator roller at 37°C 1 ml pellet cells in Eppi (1min, max, table centrifuge) Resuspend the pellet in 1 ml Paris medium with 10 % (v/v) glycerol. Store 100 µl aliquots at -80 °C Thaw aliquots at 37 °C, add 900 µl Paris medium and 500-1000 ng plasmid DNA (test tube) Incubate 6 h in the incubator roller at 37°C Pellet cells, remove 800 µl, resuspend and plate the rest (for normal transformer on LB+antibiotic, for upp mutants FB medium with 5-fluorouracil) concentrations of antibiotics: Kanamycin 50 yg/ml, Neomycin 5 yg/ml, Erytromycin 1 yg/ml, Tetracycline 20 yg/ml, Chloramphenicol 5 yg/ml, Linkomycin 25 yg/ml
Clio
Authors: Scopacasa Rafael
Published: October 2019

Resumo: De Hesíodo até Plutarco, Clio parece ter sido imaginada como a Musa que proporciona kléos – que glorifica e traz renome. Este artigo oferece um breve panorama de algumas referências a Clio na literatura greco-latina. Aspectos da relação de Clio com a História e os historiadores também são comentados.
Dossiê “Ensaios sobre 6 + 1 Musas”
Authors: Coelho Maria Cecilia de Miranda Nogueira
Published: October 2019

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Rola wód powierzchniowych w rozwoju Lublina
Authors: Kociuba Dagmara
Published: October 2019

Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie transformacji sieci rzecznej na obszarze Lublina i jej roli w rozwoju miasta od średniowiecza do współczesności. Analizie poddano naturalne i antropogeniczne przekształcenia sieci hydrograficznej, a także zmiany stosunków wodnych w dnach dolin rzek lubelskich w aspekcie ich wpływu na rozwój przestrzenny i społeczno-gospodarczy Lublina. Analizy szczegółowe prowadzono dla pięciu głównych okresów rozwoju miasta, tj. 1) przedlokacyjnego, 2) rozkwitu, 3) upadku, 4) umiarkowanego oraz 5) dynamicznego rozwoju. W pracy zrekonstruowano zmiany sieci hydrograficznej i stosunków wodnych oraz przeanalizowano zmiany funkcji dolin rzecznych. Ponadto wykazano okresy, w których wody powierzchniowe miały pozytywny oraz negatywny wpływ na rozwój miasta.
The Grammar of Violence: Insights from Danish Ethnosyntax and the Wierzbicka-Pinker Debate
Authors: Levisen Carsten
Published: October 2019

Artykuł dotyczy semantyki i etnoskładni duńskiego słowa vold ‘przemoc’, kluczowego dla duńskiej kultury. Biorąc pod uwagę (i) podobieństwa i różnice między słowami oznaczającymi ‘przemoc’ w różnych społecznościach etnolingwistycznych oraz (ii) kluczową rolę etnoskładni w opisie takich konceptów, jak angielskie VIOLENCE, duńskie VOLD itd., artykuł otwiera nową perspektywę badań nad konceptami wyrażającymi negatywne zjawiska społeczne i związanymi z nimi pozytywnymi systemami wartości. W artykule bada się etnoskładnię, składnię „pojęciową” duńskiego vold, zawartą w strukturze morfologicznej złożeń takich jak hustruvold ‘vold (w stosunku do) żony’ czy politivold ‘vold policyjna’. Analiza nowszych tworów, np. forældrevold ‘vold rodzicielska’, pokazuje, iż duńska etnoskładnia zawiera w sobie obraz świata, w którym tradycyjne autorytety, takie jak mężczyźni, policja, czy rodzice, postrzegani są jako agresorzy, natomiast kobiety, obywatele i dzieci kodowane są jako ofiary przemocy (w sensie vold).
Gramatyka i historiografia, czyli językowy obraz świata w relacji historyka
Authors: Tabakowska Elżbieta
Published: October 2019

Mimo rosnącego zainteresowania związkami języka z kulturą, w większości prac powstających w ramach językoznawstwa kulturowego i etnolingwistyki dominują analizy materiału leksykalnego. Niniejszy esej jest próbą dostarczenia dowodów na poparcie tezy Humboldta, że „gramatyka jest bliższa duchowej swoistości narodów niż leksyka”. Przedmiotem analizy jest jeden z istotnych aspektów narracji historycznej: wpływ gramatycznej kategorii czasu w języku angielskim na językowy obraz świata wyłaniający się z anglojęzycznej narracji historycznej określonego typu oraz zmiany tego obrazu w polskim przekładzie, które się pojawiają w wyniku różnic systemowych między językami angielskim i polskim. Rozważania teoretyczne koncentrują się na domenie czasu, która stanowi podstawowy wymiar historiografii.

Na wstępie uzasadniono tezę, że w konceptualizacjach domeny czasu występują znaczące różnice – także między językami z nieodległych kultur – na przykład w obrębie systemu czasów gramatycznych i ich relacji do czasu fizykalnego. Problem ten wpisuje się w zakres tematyki badawczej JOS, ponieważ jego korzenie tkwią z jednej strony w rozbieżności sposobów pojmowania czasu jako elementu (konwencjonalnego) językowego obrazu świata, z drugiej zaś – w jego relacji do ludzi, którzy doświadczają (upływu) czasu i którzy o nim mówią.

W artykule omówiono sposoby konceptualizacji czasu oraz językowych odniesień do domeny czasu w obu językach, a także zdefiniowano podstawowe rodzaje narracji historycznej, wyróżnione według kryterium Langackerowskiej subiektyfikacji. W części empirycznej artykułu omówiono kilkanaście fragmentów książki brytyjskiego historyka Normana Daviesa Na krańce świata w oryginale i w polskim przekładzie.
Stereotyp warszawiaka we współczesnym języku polskim
Authors: Polkowska Laura
Published: October 2019

Celem artykułu jest próba rekonstrukcji stereotypu warszawiaka we współczesnej polszczyźnie. Podstawę analizy stanowią dane trojakiego typu – systemowe, ankietowe oraz tekstowe. Autorka analizuje definicje słownikowe leksemu warszawiak, począwszy od Słownika języka polskiego Samuela Lindego, przygląda się też niektórym derywatom. Podstawę badań eksperymentalnych stanowi przeprowadzona w trzech środowiskach studenckich ankieta złożona z 4 pytań – o cechy typowego i prawdziwego warszawiaka, przedmioty charakterystyczne dla warszawiaka oraz połączenia wyrazowe zawierające przymiotnik warszawski. Analiza obejmuje również dwa źródła tekstów – zbiory Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego oraz komentarze internetowe pod artykułami o tematyce warszawskiej.

Odtworzony stereotyp warszawiaka okazał się spójny i względnie trwały. Dużą odporność na zmiany wykazują zwłaszcza dwie cechy przypisywane warszawiakom – zarozumiałość wynikająca z miejsca zamieszkania (pochodzenia) oraz cwaniactwo. W obrębie współczesnego stereotypu można jednak również odnaleźć nowe składniki, przede wszystkim o charakterze neutralnym, takie jak życie w pośpiechu, nowoczesność, nastawienie na własny rozwój. Zdecydowanie najsilniej nacechowany negatywnie jest obraz warszawiaka zrekonstruowany na podstawie komentarzy internetowych, najbardziej pozytywny z kolei ten, którego podstawę stanowią odpowiedzi respondentów na pytanie o cechy prawdziwego warszawiaka. W obrębie stereotypu silnie ujawnia się również kategoryzacja warszawiaków ze względu na ich miejsce urodzenia oraz pochodzenie rodziny.
Tradycja i pamięć językowa uśpiona, pielęgnowana i ożywiana. Pytania o źródła polskiej tożsamości kulturowej
Authors: Bartmiński Jerzy
Published: October 2019

Autor przyjmuje kulturowe rozumienie tradycji (zgodne z definicją Kazimierza Dobrowolskiego) jako „wszelkiej spuścizny, którą ustępujące generacje przekazują pokoleniom wchodzącym w życie”, niezależnie od tego, w jakim stopniu jest to dziedziczenie świadome, w jakim nieświadome. Konfrontując dane dotyczące współczesnego języka polskiego z opracowaniami historyczno-językowymi (LehraSpławińskiego, Gamkrelidzego i Iwanowa, Gołąba, Rzetelskiej-Feleszko i innych), autor wyróżnia kręgi językowokulturowe, z których to dziedzictwo się wywodzi i z którymi wciąż system leksykalnopojęciowy współczesnych Polaków pozostaje w bliższych lub dalszych związkach. Omawia kręgi następujące: krąg słowiański i najsłabiej pamiętany, starszy indoeuropejski; krąg antyczny (greckorzymski) i judeochrześcijański; krąg zachodnioeuropejski, który zmodyfikował i wzbogacił tradycję antyczną i chrześcijańską; a jeśli idzie o XX-wieczny język ogólnopolski – dziedzictwo szlacheckie i ludowe (w tym chłopskie). Przynależność do poszczególnych kręgów jest dokumentowana wybranymi przykładami leksykalnymi, czerpanymi zarówno z pola nazw pospolitych, jak własnych (imiona, nazwiska Polaków). Takie podejście (określone jako „stratygraficzne”) pozwala mówić o wielowarstwowości współczesnej polszczyzny i polistadialności polskiej kultury narodowej.
Multimodalność komunikacji międzyludzkiej
Authors: Boksa Ewa
Published: October 2019

W artykule, który ma charakter przeglądowy, autorka wykorzystuje badania Stephena Levinsona i Judith Holler, Sławomira Wacewicza i Piotra Żywiczyńskiego, Michaela Tomasella, Giacomo Rizolatti’ego, Michaela Arbiba oraz Marcela Jousse’a, aby na ich podstawie podjąć próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak w procesie filogenezy języka pojawiły się u ludzi oraz ich ewolucyjnych przodków zachowania intencyjne. Najważniejsze tezy zostały sformułowane następująco: 1) Język ludzki powstał na tle systemów sygnałów: gestowych i dźwiękowych; 2) Istnieje spór dotyczący pierwszeństwa gestów nad komunikacją głosową lub równoczesności gestu i wokalizy w procesie powstawania języka; 3) Zmiany na poziomie zachowania oraz biologiczno-neurologicznym w rozwoju ludzkiej komunikacji stanowią klucz do zrozumienia teorii umysłu będący zalążkiem komunikacji społecznej; 4) Refleksja nad pochodzeniem języka prowadzi do roli języka w interakcji oraz w świecie kultury.
The source of HLA molecules on platelets: Does platelets adsorb soluble HLA molecules from their environment?
Authors: Dargahi Tahereh , Yari Fatemeh , Rezaei Negar
Published: October 2019

Background: The origin and function of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules on platelets are still highly arguable. Given the differences in the results of the previous studies in this regard, the lack of research in recent years, and the clinical importance of HLA class I molecules, the absorption capacity of platelets for soluble HLA class I molecules was studied in this investigation.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, HLA-A2 antigen was purified from a B cell precursor leukemia cell line (Nalm-6) by cell membrane protein solubilization and usage of HLA-A2 affinity column. Platelet concentrates (PCs) were received from Tehran Blood Transfusion Center. Eighteen bags of HLA-A2-negative PCs were prepared randomly and treated with various concentrations of the purified HLA antigen (100, 500, and 1000 ng/ml) for 48 to 72 hours. Subsequently, the HLA-A2 levels were evaluated on platelets by flow cytometery technique. Data were evaluated using repeated measure ANOVA.P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The results of this study showed that the purified protein was an HLA molecule (HLA-A2).  After the treatment of platelets and HLA molecules, platelets inability was shown for the attracting of HLA molecules. This finding was true in both media of RPMI and plasma. The differences between the case (HLA-treated platelets) and control (untreated platelets) were not significant (p-values> 0.05).
Conclusion: Platelets were unable to significantly adsorb exogenous HLA antigens from their environment. Further studies are needed to unravel the nature and origin of HLA molecules on platelets.
Predictors of Caregiver Burden among Parents of Children with Cancer
Authors: Ahmadi Mehrnaz , Rassouli Maryam , Gheibizadeh Mahin , Karami Maryam , Poormansouri Saeed
Published: October 2019

Background: Cancer is one of the most common diseases in children. Cancer in children can cause many problems for parents, and impose heavy care burden on them, which can lead to negative health consequences. The aim of this study was to determine caregiving burden and relevant influential factors among parents of children with cancer.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done on 125 parents of children with cancer in oncology department of Shohada Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during March to August 2017. Caregiving burden was measured using the Caregiver Burden Scale. Descriptive statistics, independent-samples T test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multivariate linear regression analysis (stepwise method) were used in data analysis with SPSS software (v.19).
Results: The mean score of parents’ care burden was 52.76 ± 10.  Moreover, 17.6%, 71.2% and 11.2% of parents had low, moderate, and high care burden, respectively. Regression analyses indicated that the factors associated with care burden were cancer type (Acute myeloid leukemia (β=0.36, p<0.001) and Ewing sarcoma (β=0.16, p=0.007)), the number of hospitalization (β=0.38, p<0.001), duration of disease (β=-0.31, p<0.001), parent’s age (β=-0.29, p<0.001), parent’s income (β=-0.23, p<0.001), and child’s age (β=0.24, p<0.001). These variables accounted for 65% of the variance in care burden.
Conclusion: The result of this study demonstrated that most of parents of children with cancer had moderate levels of care burden. Different variables increased care burden in parents. Therefore, planning for holistic interventions to reduce care burden in parents and improve quality of care is necessary.
Cinsiyetlendirilmiş Bir Kurum Olarak Akademi: Türkiye’de Akademinin Cinsiyet Kültürüne Bakmak
Authors: TUNCER Selda
Published: October 2019

Kurumsal pratikler ve işleyişler her ne kadar cinsiyetten azade gibi görünseler de, her zamantoplumsal cinsiyet normları ve değerleriyle şekillenmektedir. Bu anlamda toplumda hakimolan cinsiyete dayalı eşitsizliklerin ve ayrımcılıkların üretimi ve uygulanmasında, kurumsalişleyişler ve örgütsel davranışların önemli bir rolü vardır. Bütün kurumsal yapı ve kültür inşasüreçlerine içkin olan toplumsal cinsiyet ideolojisi, kurumsal işleyişin bir parçası olarakdoğallaştırıldığı için hem çok etkili hem de görünmez olur. Bu anlamda eğitim ve bilgi üretimkurumları olarak akademi ve özelde üniversiteler, toplumsal cinsiyetin doğallaştırılmasındaen etkin işleyen yapılardan biridir. Bu makalede, Joan Acker’in toplumsal cinsiyetlendirilmişkurum analizinden yola çıkarak, akademide yerleşmiş olan mesleki yapı ve kültürün,toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini ve ayrımcılığı nasıl beslediği ve bunu kendine özgü şekillerdenasıl üretip meşrulaştırdığı ele alınacaktır. Buna bağlı olarak, Dorothy Smith’in sosyolojibilimine getirdiği feminist eleştiri tartışmaya dahil edilerek, akademinin sahip olduğu erilcinsiyet kültürünün özgüllükleri ve bunun kadınlar açısından ne tür dışlayıcı ve engelleyicisonuçları olduğu tartışılacaktır. Bu kuramsal tartışmalar ışığında, Türkiye’de tarihsel vetoplumsal olarak akademinin cinsiyet kültürünün nasıl geliştiği ve kadın akademisyenlerinniceliksel görünürlüğünün arkasında nasıl bir cinsiyetçi yapı olduğu incelenecektir. Bubağlamda, akademide cinsiyetçiliğin bir yeniden üretim aracı olarak kurumsal işleyiş vemesleki kültürün sürdürülmesinde belirleyici bir rolü olduğuna dikkat çekilerek, bununkurumsal pratiklerle ne şekillerde gerçekleştirildiğine ilişkin hem Türkiye hem de farklıülkelerden örnekler eşliğinde bir tartışma sunulacaktır. Bu tür bir çalışmayla, bugünakademide yaşanan ve son yıllarda hem dünyada hem de Türkiye’de giderek daha çokgündeme gelen cinsel taciz ve şiddet olayları başta olmak üzere cinsiyetçi ve ayrımcıpratiklere karşı yapısal çözümler üretmeye yönelik tartışmalara katkı sağlanmasıamaçlanmaktadır.
On the question of the crisis of domestic library activity: is there light at the end of the tunnel?
Authors: Pleshkevich E. A.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the prospects of development of the national library activity. The purpose of the article is to determine the ways of library construction. For the first time the original methodology for its development analysis on the basis of supply and demand for library services is proposed. The dynamics of changes in the market of library services in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods is presented. It is shown that the decrease in demand for library services is largely due to the obsolescence of library collections and the inability to meet the information needs of readers. The author comes to the conclusion that the vector of library construction should be set by the state and society. If in the Soviet period the emphasis was placed on the interests of the state to form a new “Soviet” person, today it should shift towards the humanization of social relations and the creation of conditions for the creative development of an individual. It is noted that the unfavorable situation in library construction is created by certain demographic and socioeconomic factors. Their compensation should also form the basis of the state library policy.
Classification model of funding for research institutions in Armenia
Authors: Sargsyan Sh. A. , Harutyunyan T. S. , Sahakyan V. H. , Haroutiunian S. G.
Published: October 2019

Improving the efficiency of the use of public funds directed at scientific and technological research and development is one of the urgent problems of our time. Among the possible solutions is scientific organizations funding according to their results. With this aim, a number of countries have implemented evaluation of their scientific organizations productivity at the national level. Evaluation of the effectiveness of organizations engaged in scientific and technical R&D, and the distribution of funding according to the results of such evaluation there are in the UK (the first country to introduce such practices), Italy and Russia. Starting from 2020, the Republic of Armenia is also planning to invest a rating model for financing state scientific organizations.

The article presents the model of rating financing of the state scientific organizations in Armenia, developed and proposed by the Committee on science of the Republic of Armenia. The introduction of the model will lead to the formation of additional financial resources and increase the efficiency of budget financing, as it will be done with the account of results of a scientific organization.
Sustaining Wheat Physiology, Biomass and Yield through Nitrogen Management under Contrasting Environmental Conditions
Authors: Qadeer Umara , Ahmed Mukhtar , Hassan Fayyaz ul , Akmal Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Optimizing the nitrogen (N) timings and rate can improve nutrient uptake, and nutrient-efficiencies, especially of N in wheat under the changing climate scenario. Climatic stress in the form of high temperature and drought resulted in the decreased crop physiology and, ultimately, grain yield. Taking the example of rainfed wheat, we quantified the impact of N application rates as full and split-dose at three variable sites of rainfed Pothwar, Pakistan by conducting field experiments for two years (2013-14 and 201-15). Treatments include, T1 = Control (No fertilizer applied), full dose of N applied at the time of crop sowing, i.e. T2 = 50 kg N ha-1, T3 = 100 kg N ha-1 and T4 = 150 kg N ha-1 and split application of N at different timings during different stages of the crop called as split application of N, i.e. T5: Application of 50 kg N ha-1 (15 kg N ha-1 (Sowing) : 20 kg N ha-1 (Tillering) :15 kg N ha-1 (Anthesis), T6: Application of 100 kg N ha-1 (30 kg N ha-1 (Sowing): 40 kg N ha-1 (Tillering) : 30 kg N ha-1 (Anthesis) and T7: Application of 150 kg N ha-1(45 kg N ha-1 (Sowing) : 60 kg N ha-1 (Tillering) : 45 kg N ha-1 (Anthesis). Three study sites include viz. Islamabad (High rainfall with optimum temperature), University Research Farm (URF)-Koont (Medium rainfall with moderate temperature), and Talagang (low rainfall with high temperature). Results showed that the highest stomatal conductance (0.80 mole m-2 sec-1), net photosynthetic rate (20.07 μmole m-2s-1), transpiration rate (9.58 mmole m-2s-1), intercellular CO2 concentration (329.25 μmole CO2 mol-1 air), SPAD values (58.86 %) and proline contents (35.42 μg g-1) were obtained for split application of N (T6 = Split N100) compared to control and full dose of N treatments. Among sites, these physiological traits remained highest at Islamabad and lowest at Talagang, while among years, maximum values of the measured parameters were obtained in 2013-14. A similar trend was observed for crop total N, N efficiencies, and agronomic traits of the crop. Our results suggest that optimum N application rate and its suitable timings can help to harvest real benefits of N as in our findings, split dose resulted in the maximum performance of the crop from physiological parameters to the agronomic traits of the rainfed wheat crop.
Empregadas domésticas e cuidadoras profissionais: compartilhando as fronteiras da precariedade
Authors: Guedes Graciele Pereira , Monçores Elisa
Published: October 2019

Há considerável fluidez na fronteira entre a atuação das empregadas domésticas e as atribuições exercidas pelas cuidadoras profissionais. Mas o quão distintas são estas categorias ocupacionais em relação ao seu perfil socioeconômico? Ao longo deste artigo, com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), buscamos responder se, durante o período 2002-2015, esses dois grupos apresentaram maiores aproximações ou inflexões em suas características. A partir de cinco dimensões analíticas – características individuais, condições de trabalho, grau de proteção trabalhista e social, situação domiciliar e isolamento/pertencimento –, as estatísticas apresentadas neste trabalho sugerem uma aproximação ao longo dos anos entre o perfil das trabalhadoras domésticas e o das profissionais de cuidado. Essa afirmação é válida para praticamente todos os indicadores analisados. Ambas as ocupações são marcadas pela precariedade no trabalho: combinam baixo nível de remuneração e de proteção social com alta carga horária de trabalho remunerado, somada a extensas jornadas não remuneradas. Ademais, ambas atividades são majoritariamente exercidas por mulheres pretas e pardas. Singularmente, a escolaridade é a única característica socioeconômica que de fato diferencia os dois grupos, consideravelmente mais alta para as cuidadoras.
Modern innovative health care policy in Russia
Authors: Polushkina I. N.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of innovations in healthcare in Russia. The author assessed the concept of innovation with the object-process approach. It is noted that, unlike the economic sphere, where the research, development and implementation of innovations are liked to the law of profit, in the social sphere, such as health care, innovations are broader in their nature and bring economic effect, which can be either direct or indirect. The author considers sush types of innovations in the field of health care as: technical (medical-pharmaceutical), organizational-managing, processual (technological), economic, informational and technological innovations. As the study shows, there are systemic problems of innovation implementation in healthcare in Russia. The presence of these problems is connected with a whole complex of urgent fundamental structural disproportions in Russia, which require solid decisions. The author formulates the main tasks of the innovation policy of Russia in the field of health care at current stage of development. Among them are: to raise the level of infrastructure support, to increase the rates of material, technical, personnel and organizational and technological transformation of the health care system as innovation basis; optimize funding for innovation in health care; identify priority areas; in the contradiction between tradition and innovation; to develop a unified system of planning, monitoring and managing innovative projects in health care, which will help to significantly improve the efficiency of their implementation.
Surveying the Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Based on Individual and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Gharaagozlou Marjan Mansourian , Hajhashemi Valiollah
Published: October 2019

Background: Most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from bladder dysfunction during the course of the disease. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of these complications among patients with MS.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 602 patients with MS who referred to the neurology clinics of Kashani and Alzahra Hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. The sampling was performed by multi-stage random cluster sampling method and the informed consent form was filled in by the subjects. Then, all the data were collected through interviews using the Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score (LUTSS) developed in accordance with the definitions presented by the International Continence Society (ICS) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS). The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS.
Results: The prevalence rate of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was 87.6% among all the subjects, with a similar rate among women (88.0%) and men (86.0%). There was a significant difference between men and women in terms of the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), intermittent urine flow, hesitancy, straining, and dribbling (P < 0.050). There was no significant difference between women and men in terms of the prevalence of other symptoms (P > 0.050). There was a significant difference between the degree of LUTS with age, marital status, marriage duration, education, illness duration, clinical course, and disability (P < 0.05). Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a higher probability of a urinary problem among patients with MS and high EDSS score [0.67(0.512-0.898), P = 0.007].
Conclusions: A high prevalence of LUTS was found among patients with MS, with similar rates in men and women, and the nature of the LUTS was different among men and women with MS. There was a higher probability of a urinary tract problem among patients with MS and high EDSS score .Therefore, it is recommended that the health system take necessary measures regarding timely detection and treatment of LUTS among these patients in order to prevent secondary outcomes of patients with MS.
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, prevalence, urinary symptoms
A novel variant of IHH in a Chinese family with brachydactyly type 1
Authors: Yang Qi , Wang Jin , Tian Xiaoxian , Chen Fei , Lan Jing , Zhang Qiang , Fan Xin , Yi Shang , Li Mengting , Shen Yiping
Published: October 2019

Brachydactyly type A1(BDA-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder which is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in a specific region of the N-terminal active fragment of Indian Hedgehog ( IHH ). The disorder is mainly characterized by shortening or missing of the middle phalanges. The following study revealed a novel heterozygous missense variant c.299A>G (p.D100G) at the mutational hotspot of IHH gene after performing whole-exome sequencing in the proband of a Chinese family with BDA-1. The variant co-segregated with BDA-1 in the pedigree, showed 100% penetrance for phalange phenotype with variable expressivity. This finding expanded the variants on IHH gene which contribute to the cause of BDA-1.
Multiplexed lipid metabolic tracing using click chemistry mass spectrometric reporter molecules
Authors: Thiele Christoph , Wunderling Klaus , Leyendecker Philipp
Published: October 2019

This protocol provides a method for sensitive multiplexed metabolic tracing. It is based on the combination of alkyne-labeled metabolic precursors and dedicated azido reporter molecules that are optimized for mass spectrometric detection after click reaction. After metabolic incorporation of alkyne fatty acids, sub-picomole to femtomole amounts of labeled material can be detected. Time resolution can be achieved by pulse-chase labeling.
Prevalence of diabetes among homeless and slum dwellers in Accra, Ghana: A survey study
Authors: BAWAH AHMED TIJANI , Yawson Albert Abaka , Seini Mohammed Mustapha , Yeboah Francis Agyemang , Ngala Robert Amadu
Published: October 2019

Objective: This study aimed at determining diabetes status of homeless people in Nima and Agbogbloshie, Accra, Ghana and to evaluate the association between socio-demographic characteristics and diabetes prevalence.
Results: A total of 130 homeless and slum dwellers took part in the study out of which 7 (5.4%) participants were diagnosed with diabetes while 13 (10 %) were considered as having prediabetes. This is slightly lower than what had been reported two decades ago but similar to overall estimates of diabetes prevalence in Africa (5.7%). Diagnosis of normoglycemia, prediabetes and diabetes was based on individual’s hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level: ≤5.9%, 6.4–6.0%, and ≥6.5%, respectively. There was no significant association between prevalence of diabetes or prediabetes and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. The slightly lower diabetes prevalence among the homeless and slum dwellers compared to the general population may be due to constant movement of these people in the streets, a practice that could serve as a form of exercise for them. Intensive social support aimed at preventing and managing diabetes is crucial if we are to further reduce the incidence of diabetes in homeless people.
Keywords: Homeless, Diabetes mellitus, Hemoglobin A1c, Head porters