bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted 1,3‐Thiazinoazoles.
Authors: ABRAMOVA N. D. , ANDRIYANKOVA L. V. , SKVORTSOV YU. M. , MAL'KINA A. G. , KOSITSYNA E. I. , ALBANOV A. I. , SKVORTSOVA G. G.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the cyanoacetylenic compounds (II) with the benzimidazolethione (I), diphenylimidazolethione (IV), or triazolethione (VI) in the presence of lithium hydroxide yields the 1,3‐thiazinoazoles (III), (V), and (VII) respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Substituted and 5,7‐Disubstituted 5,7‐Dihydrodibenzo(c,e)thiepins and the Corresponding S‐Oxygenated Compounds: Alkylamines, Carboxylic Acids, and Carboxamides; Synthesis and Pharmacological Screening.
Authors: SINDELAR K. , HOLUBEK J. , RYSKA M. , KORUNA I. , PROTIVA M.
Published: May 2016

Metallation of compound (I) with BuLi followed by reaction with the chloride (II) does not yield the expected 5‐substituted or 5,7‐disubstituted products but the rearranged compounds (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Borane Anions with Bridging Cyanide Ligands; Preparation and Properties of Derivatives of (B3H8)‐ and (B9H14)‐.
Authors: MEINA D. G. , MORRIS J. H.
Published: May 2016

Starting with the arachno‐triborate ions (I) and (III) the cyanide‐bridged derivatives (II), (IV), (V) and (VI) are prepared as shown.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon Compounds with Strong Intramolecular Steric Interactions. Part 27. Synthesis and Conformations of a 2,4,6‐Tri‐tert‐butylphenyl‐ substituted Disilane.
Authors: WEIDENBRUCH M. , KRAMER K. , POHL S. , SAAK W.
Published: May 2016

The dimesitylsilyl chloride (I) is lithiated and then coupled with the trifluorosilane (III) to yield the disilane (IV) mentioned in the title.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of Reactions of Cobalt(II) Protoporphyrin IX Dimethyl Ester in Protic and Aprotic, Coordinating Solvents.
Authors: PAVLOVIC D. , ASPERGER S. , DOMI B.
Published: May 2016

The title complex (I), when dissolved in aprotic, polar, coordinating solvents rapidly gives (II) and (III) at equilibrium leading to the peroxo dimer (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of the Methyl Group on the Nucleophilic Attack by n‐Butylamine on cis‐Dichlorobis(tolunitrile)platinum(II) Complexes.
Authors: AMODIO C. A. , EASTWOOD D. J.
Published: May 2016

Kinetic data for the reactions shown in the scheme of the three ligand isomers of the complexes (I) are given and compared with those for the benzonitrile complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,6,10,14‐Tetramethylpentadec‐2‐ene Using p‐Toluenesulfonylacetic Esters.
Authors: SALUNKHE A. M. , PHADKE A. S. , KULKARNI S. N.
Published: May 2016

The key compound (Va) can be synthesized starting from the ester (Ia).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of the Pseudoguaianolide (+)‐Confertin.
Authors: QUINKERT G. , SCHMALZ H.‐G. , WALZER E. , KOWALCZYK‐PRZEWLOKA T. , DUERNER G. + , BATS J. W.
Published: May 2016

A mixture of the enantiomerically pure diastereomers (I) is used as starting material for the synthesis of the ketone (VI) (X‐ray analysis for racemic (VI): space group P1).
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Methyl 3‐O‐Benzyl‐4,6‐O‐benzylidene‐α‐D‐mannopyranoside with Diethylaminosulfur Trifluoride (DAST).
Authors: KOVAC P. , YEH H. J. C. , JUNG G. L. , GLAUDEMANS C. P. J.
Published: May 2016

On treatment with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (IV), the protected mannopyranoside (III) yields the pyranosyl fluorides (I) and (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of the Macrodiolide (+)‐Conglobatin.
Authors: SCHREGENBERGER C. , SEEBACH D.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (VIII) is prepared in 15 steps starting from the known anhydride (I): The monoester (IIb) (available from (I) via (IIa)) is converted in a multistep literature procedure to the aldehyde (III) which is transformed to the hydroxy acid derivatives (VIb) or (VIc) via the intermediates (IV) and (VIa) (mixture of diastereomers).
ChemInform Abstract: Leaf Coumarins from the Artemisia laciniata Group.
Authors: HOFER O. , SZABO G. , GREGER H. , NIKIFOROV A.
Published: May 2016

The novel compounds isolated are: neoartanin (Ia), neoartaninepoxide (Ib), neoartanindiol (Ic), lacinartinepoxide (IIb), lacinartindiol (IIc) and isosabandin (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Diastereoselective Synthesis of the Polyketide Antibiotic Citrinin Using Toluate Anion Chemistry.
Authors: BARBER J. A. , STAUNTON J. , WILKINSON M. R.
Published: May 2016

Various synthetic approaches to the threo‐butanol (VI) are studied, since this compound can be converted to the target compound, citrinin (VIII), by a known procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism and Kinetics of Corrosion Product Release from Stainless Steel in Lithiated High Temperature Water.
Authors: LISTER D. H. , DAVIDSON R. D. , MCALPINE E.
Published: May 2016

Experimental results (SEM and AES of the oxide films formed on 304 stainless steel, radiotracer experiments) indicate that the corrosion of stainless steel in lithiated high temp. H2O strongly depends on the amount of dissolved corrosion products in the coolant, and they demonstrate that the precipitated outer layer of iron‐rich oxide crystals affords no protection against corrosion.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Formation of a Magnesium Vanadium Bronze MgxV2O5 in Sulfone‐Based Electrolytes at 150 °C
Authors: PEREIRA‐RAMOS J. P. , MESSINA R. , PERICHON J.
Published: May 2016

is observed to occur according to reaction A. When V2O5 is reduced at low current density (i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of the Equilibrium Constant for Binding Hydroxide to Tetraazamacrocyclic‐Nickel(II) Complexes.
Authors: JUBRAN N. , MEYERSTEIN D.
Published: May 2016

The complexes with the ligands 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclotridecane, 1,4,8,12‐tetraazacyclopentadecane, C‐β‐rac.‐5,7,7,12,14,14‐hexamethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane and C‐β‐rac.‐1,4,5,7,7,8,11,12,14,14‐decamethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradec# ane are investigated and the data obtained are compared with those for analogous complexes reported earlier.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective C‐C Bond Formation with Chiral Lewis Acids.
Authors: REETZ M. T. , KYUNG S. H. , BOLM C. , ZIERKE T.
Published: May 2016

The preparation of chiral Lewis acids (I) ‐ (III) which have bidentate ligands is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Acyclic 1,n‐Diketones (n = 5‐8) from 2‐tert‐ Butylperoxycycloalkanones.
Authors: NISHINAGA A. , RINDO K. , MATSUURA T.
Published: May 2016

Addition of organolithium to 2‐alkyl‐2‐tert‐butylperoxycycloalkanones (II), prepared from the 2‐alkylcycloalkanones (I), yields the cycloalkanol derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Hydrogen Evolution in Micellar System.
Authors: OKURA I. , KITA T. , AONO S. , KAJI N. , YAMADA A.
Published: May 2016

The effect of micelles (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or sodium dodecylsulfate) on the photo‐induced hydrogen evolution is investigated in a system containing NADPH as electron donor, Zn meso‐tetraphenylporphyrintrisulfonate as a photosensitizer, the viologens (I) and (II) as electron carriers and colloidal platinum as a catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Reductive Elimination of Hexaazido Complexes of Tin(IV) and Lead(IV).
Authors: VOGLER A. , QUETT C. , PAUKNER A. , KUNKELY H.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (I) and (II) are soluble and thermally stable in some organic solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring‐Chain Tautomerism and Reactions of a Bicyclic 1‐Hydroxy‐3‐imidazoline‐3‐oxide.
Authors: SCHULZ M. , MOEGEL L. + , ROEMBACH J. +
Published: May 2016

The diazabicyclooctene oxide (I) which equilibrates with its tautomeric open‐chain form (II) reacts with NaBH4, MeMgI (IV), or the ester (V) to give the compounds (III) or (VI) derived from (II), whereas the bicyclic structure is preserved on reaction of (I) with phenylisocyanate (VII) (→ (VIII)).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives of Oxalic Acid‐N1‐acyl Amidrazones.
Authors: DOST J. , HESCHEL M. , STEIN J.
Published: May 2016

The preparation of the oxalic ethyl ester‐N1‐acylamidrazones (III) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Methylation and Oxidation of 1,1‐Dicyanoethylene‐2,2‐oxo‐thiolate Dianion: Preparative and Structural Investigations.
Authors: HUMMEL H.‐U. , BEILER F.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the potassium salt (I) of the title dianion with MeI yields the mono‐S‐methyl derivative (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Chalcogenolates. Part 175. Reaction of Acetamidine with Carbon Disulfide. Part 4. Synthesis and Characterization of N‐Acetimidoyl Dithiocarbamic Acid.
Authors: EUL W. , GATTOW G.
Published: May 2016

The title acid which exists in the zwitter‐ionic form (I) is prepared with 81% yield by reaction of its acetimidinium salt in aqueous solution with HCl at 0 °C. Properties and thermal behavior of the acid are described, its decomposition is studied at 20 °C kinetically.
ChemInform Abstract: A Useful One‐Step Synthesis of β‐Trihaloacetylvinyl Ethers and Trihaloacetylketene Acetals.
Authors: HOJO M. , MASUDA R. , OKADA E.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the trihaloacetic anhydrides (I) with ethyl orthoacetate (II) or the methyl ketone acetals (IV) in the presence of pyridine yields the acylketene acetals (III) and the acylvinyl ethers (V) respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzannelated Analogs of Phenanthro(1,2‐b)‐ and (2,1‐b)thiophene: Synthesis and Structural Characterization by Two‐Dimensional NMR and X‐Ray Techniques.
Authors: STUART J. G. , QUAST M. J , MARTIN G. E. , LYNCH V. M. , SIMONSEN S. H. , LEE M. L. , CASTLE R. N. , DALLAS J. L. , JOHN B. K. , JOHNSON L. F.
Published: May 2016

2‐Cyanomethylthiophene (I) is coupled with benzaldehyde (II) to yield the styrylthiophene (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Phytotoxic Activity of 1,2‐Benzisothiazol‐3‐ylureas Substituted in the Benzene Ring.
Authors: VICINI P.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (II) are prepared from the benzisothiazolylamines (I) as shown in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Ketenes with N,N‐Disubstituted α‐Aminomethyleneketones. Part 18. Synthesis of N,N‐Disubstituted 4‐Amino‐3‐phenyl‐2H‐naphtho‐(1,2‐b)pyran‐2‐ones.
Authors: BARGAGNA A. , SCHENONE P. , LONGOBARDI M.
Published: May 2016

Chlorophenylketene, produced in situ from the chloroacetyl chloride (II), reacts with the aminomethylene ketones (I), yielding the adducts (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrylium Compounds. Part 33. 2‐Dialkylamino‐2H‐thiopyrans from 2,4,6‐Triaryl‐thiopyrylium Salts.
Authors: ZIMMERMANN T. , FISCHER G. W.
Published: May 2016

The reactions of the perchlorates (I) with the secondary amines (II) yield the 2‐dialkylamino‐2H‐thiopyrans (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (Pyridinyl)‐1,2,4‐triazolo(4,3‐a)pyridines.
Authors: MORAN D. B. , MORTON G. O. , ALBRIGHT D.
Published: May 2016

The bipyridines (I) are converted to the N‐oxides (II) which undergo chlorination to produce the chloropyridines (III) ‐ (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Rearrangements. Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Oxadiazolo(2,3‐a)pyrimidinium Systems and Their Ring Opening into Pyrimidine N‐Oxides.
Authors: BUSCEMI S. , MACALUSO G. , FRENNA V. , VIVONA N.
Published: May 2016

The aminooxadiazoles (I) are coupled with the acylacetones (II) to produce the oxadiazolopyrimidinium salts (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 9‐(2‐Fluorobenzyl)‐6‐methylamino‐9H‐purine.
Authors: KELLEY J. L. , MCLEAN E. W.
Published: May 2016

Several methods for the synthesis of the benzylpurine (V), which is known as an anticonvulsant agent, are described in detail.
ChemInform Abstract: Azacycloalkanes. Part 29. Synthesis of 1‐Substituted 3,4‐Dihydropyrrolo(1,2‐a)pyrazines.
Authors: LIKHOSHERSTOV A. M. , PERESADA V. P. , VINOKUROV V. G. , SKOLDINOV A. P.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the 2‐acylfurans (I) with 90% aqueous ethylenediamine is found to be a general method for the synthesis of the physiologically active title compounds (II).
ChemInform Abstract: New Substituted 4‐Azatricyclo(4.3.1.13,8)undecane Derivatives.
Authors: GEORGIEV V. ST. , SAEVA G. A. , KINSOLVING C. R.
Published: May 2016

Adamantanone oxime (I) rearranges to form the lactam (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Substituted Chelate Ligands. Part 23. Synthesis and NMR Spectra of Alykl‐arylphosphinothioformamides, R(Ph)PC(S)NHMe.
Authors: KUNZE U. , TITTMANN R.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (II) are prepared from the racemic sec. phosphines (I) and methyl isothiocyanate.
ChemInform Abstract: Organophosphazenes. Part 21. Synthesis of ((α‐Methylethenyl)phenyl)fluorocyclotriphosphazenes.
Authors: SHAW J. C. , ALLEN C. W.
Published: May 2016

Depending on the stoichiometry the reaction of m‐ and p‐(α‐methylethenyl)phenyl‐Li (III) with hexafluorocyclotriphosphazene (II) leads to the monosubstituted products (I) or the disubstituted tricyclophosphazenes (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Thiophosphoryl Chloride with Hexamethyl Disilazane.
Authors: DOSTAL K. , SIKOLA J. , MEISEL M. , GRUNZE H.
Published: May 2016

On the basis of 31P NMR spectroscopic study a method for the preparation of the trimethylsilylamide (I) and for the diazaphosphetidine (III) from the title compounds are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Properties of Double Halogenides of Substituted Ammonium and Mercury(II). Part 6. Crystal Structure of (CH3NH3)2HgBr4 and (CH3NH3)2HgI4.
Authors: KOERFER M. + , FUESS H. , BATS J. W.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the methylammonium halides and the mercury halides in methanol by evaporation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of Some Triorganotin(IV) Esters of Arsenous Acid.
Authors: PANDEY J. N. , SRIVASTAVA G.
Published: May 2016

The tris(triorganostannyl) arsenites (II) and triorganostannyl alkylene arsenites (V) are obtained for the first time as solids or viscous liquids by the condensation reactions as shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of (Tetraphenylporphyrin)chromium(III) Chloride by Styrene Ozonide.
Authors: SCHMIDT E. S. , BRUICE T. C. , BROWN R. S. , WILKINS C. L.
Published: May 2016

While the reaction of iodosobenzene and percarboxylic acids with the title chromium complex provides a mixture of oxo‐Cr(V) and oxo‐Cr(IV) complexes, the title reaction yields the isoporphyrin complex (I) as established by its quite distinctive electronic spectrum.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Michael Additions to Vinylidene Diphosphine Complexes of Type (M(CO)4((Ph2P)2C=CH2)) (M: Cr, Mo, or W).
Authors: COOPER G. R. , MCEWAN D. M. , SHAW B. L.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the carbanions, generated by deprotonation of the diphosphinomethane complexes (I) as shown, with ClCHR1OMe at 20 °C leads to the methoxyalkyl derivatives (II).
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Uranium. Part 34. Structural and Thermal Properties of UX4L2 Complexes (X: Cl and Br; L: N,N,N′,N′‐Tetramethylurea).
Authors: DU PREEZ J. G. H. , ZEELIE B. , CASELLATO U. , GRAZIANI R.
Published: May 2016

The title complexes (I) are isomorphous and crystallize in the space group P1 with Z=2.
ChemInform Abstract: Modification of the Human Serum Albumin‐Heme System with Metal Tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanines.
Authors: TRYNDA L. , PRZYWARSKA‐BONIECKA H. , KOSCIUKIEWICZ T.
Published: May 2016

Spectroscopic investigations of the systems involving human serum albumin and iron or cobalt tetrasulfonated phthalocyanines, under conditions of low phthalocyanine concentration, show complex formation between the protein and the phthalocyanine derivative at the molar ratio 1:1.
ChemInform Abstract: The Thermal Decomposition of (Cu(I)8Cu(II)6(D‐penicillamine)12Cl)5‐.
Authors: DEUSCHLE U. , WESER U.
Published: May 2016

The title compound is metastable in aqueous solution.
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Double Addition of H2 on a Bis(μ‐sulfido) Binuclear Rhodium Complex.
Authors: BIANCHINI C. , MEALLI C. , MELI A. , SABAT M.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the mononuclear Rh(I) complex (I) with H2S leads to the cationic binuclear thiolo‐bridged addition product (II) isolated as its tetraphenylborate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity Studies of Phosphido‐Bridged Heterobimetallic Cr‐Os and Fe‐Os Formyl Complexes.
Authors: ROSENBERG S. , LOCKLEDGE S. P. , GEOFFROY G. L.
Published: May 2016

The dilithium derivatives of (I) generated by deprotonation of the coordinated phosphines react in situ with Os(CO)4Br2 to give the phosphido‐bridged heterobimetallic compounds (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of the (η2‐Acetone)pentaammineosmium(II) Complex.
Authors: HARMAN W. D. , FAIRLIE D. P. , TAUBE H.
Published: May 2016

The reduction of the complex (I) in acetone yields the novel complex (II), which crystallizes in the space group Pbca with Z = 8. (II) has the unusual η2 structure with the acetone bound to the metal through both carbon and oxygen.
ChemInform Abstract: The Behavior of L‐Sorbose Towards Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride.
Authors: DEFAYE J. , GADELLE A. , PEDERSEN C.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of L‐sorbose (I) with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride yields the dianhydrides (II) ‐ (VII) which are characterized as their acetates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Mixed Osazone Derivatives by Regioselective Electrophilic Substitution.
Authors: SOMOGYI L.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the osazone acetals (I) with isopentyl nitrite produces the corresponding nitro‐substituted compounds (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Methyl α‐ and β‐D‐Xylopyranoside and a Xylan with Bromine in the Presence of Borate.
Authors: AUGUSTINSSON B. , LARM O. , SCHOLANDER E. , NAHAR N.
Published: May 2016

Oxidation of the xylopyranosides (I) with bromine in the presence of sodium metaborate gives the corresponding 4‐uloses which are isolated and characterized as their O‐methyloximes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Some New Derivatives of Harmaline Series of Bases.
Authors: SIDDIQUI S. , SIDDIQUI B. S. , BEGUM S.
Published: May 2016

Harmaline (I), 8‐aminoharmaline (III) and harmalol (VI) are converted to the novel derivatives (II), (IV), (V) and (VII) (in part no yields given).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures of Acid Hydrates and Oxonium Salts. Part 24. Fluorides and Fluoro Acids. Part 14. First Examples of Type I Clathrate Hydrates of Strong Acids: Polyhydrates of Hexafluorophosphoric, Tetrafluoroboric, and Perchloric Acid.
Authors: MOOTZ D. , OELLERS E.‐J. , WIEBCKE M.
Published: May 2016

HPF6·7.67 H2O (I), HBF4·5.75 H2O (II), and HClO4·5,5 H2O (III), obtained by crystallization at low temp., are the first examples of polyhydrates of strong acids with the type I or 12‐Å crystal structure of the polyhedral clathrate hydrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Bonding Conditions in Crystalline Phases of CsOH and CsOD
Authors: JACOBS H. , MACH B. , HARBRECHT B. , LUTZ H.‐D. , HENNING J.
Published: May 2016

have been investigated between 23 K and m.p. by means of X‐ray and neutron diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy as well as by calorimetric methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of KAuS and KAuSe.
Authors: KLEPP K. O. , BRONGER W.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds have been prepared by melting K2S‐Au‐S and K2Se‐Au‐Se mixtures (750 °C, a few days, subsequent annealing at 350 °C, 2 weeks, yields not given).
ChemInform Abstract: New Compounds of BaPtNd2O5‐Type: BaMLn2O5 (M: Pt, Ln: Sm, Gd; M: Pd, Ln: Pr, Tb).
Authors: SCHIFFLER ST. , MUELLER‐BUSCHBAUM HK. +
Published: May 2016

Single crystals of the four title compounds have been prepared by melting 1:1:1 mixtures of BaCO3, Ln2O3, and PtO2 or PdO in the presence of excess BaCl2.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Tl6Ag20‐xSe14‐y and Its Relations to the Rh20Si13‐ and Zr6Ni20P13‐Type Structures.
Authors: KLEPP K. O.
Published: May 2016

The new title compound, observed as intermediate phase in the Tl2Se‐Ag2Se section, crystallizes in the hexagonal system, space group P63/m, Z=1.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Photooxidation of Some Secondary Alcohols by Decatungstate Isopolyanion and Keggin‐type Dodecatungstophosphate Heteropolyanion in Homogeneneous System Under Excess of Oxygen and the Effect of Counterions on Redox Cycle of Polyanions.
Authors: NOMIYA K. , MIYAZAKI T. , MAEDA K. , MIWA M.
Published: May 2016

The photooxidation of i‐PrOH, cyclohexanol, and ethyl lactate has been studied using H3(PW12O40), (Bu4N)3(PW12O40), K4(W10O32), and (Bu4N)4(W10O32) as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Comparison of Electron Donor and Proton Abstraction Activities of Thermally Activated Pure Magnesium Oxide and Doped Magnesium Oxides.
Authors: KLABUNDE K. J. , MATSUHASHI H.
Published: May 2016

Two well known reactions on activated MgO are compared and monitored while the surface properties of MgO are modified by 1) activation at 400‐700 °C under vacuum, 2) activation under rapid flows of high temp. gases N2, Ar, O2, and H2/N2, and 3) doping by impregnation or coprecipitation with LiOH, NaOH, or Al(OH)3 before activation.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidefluorides of Niobium and Tantalum.
Authors: NIEDER‐VAHRENHOLZ H.‐G. , SCHAEFER H. +
Published: May 2016

NbO2F has been obtained by heating NbF5 in a silica glass ampoule (temp.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Exchange Reactions of (TcNX4) Complexes (X: Cl, Br).
Authors: ABRAM U. , ABRAM S. , SPIES H. , KIRMSE R. , STACH J. , KOEHLER K. +
Published: May 2016

The ligand‐exchange reactions of the Tc(VI) compounds (Bu4N)TcNBr4 (I) and (Bu4N)TcNCl4 (II) using organic ligands with different donor atoms result in the formation of Tc(V) nitrido complexes.
ChemInform Abstract: Methoxostibanes. Structure and Vibrational Spectra.
Authors: ENSINGER U. , SCHWARZ W. , SCHRUTZ B. , SOMMER K. , SCHMIDT A.
Published: May 2016

Sb(OMe)3 (I) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with Z=2.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Complexation Gas Chromatography of Nerve Agents. Isolation and Properties of the Enantiomers of Ethyl N,N‐Dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate (tabun).
Authors: DEGENHARDT C. E. A. M. , VAN DEN BERG G. R. , DE JONG L. P. A. , BENSCHOP H. P. , VAN GENDEREN J. , VAN DE MEENT D.
Published: May 2016

The gas chromatographic resolution of all stereoisomers of soman (Ia) (4 isomers), sarin (Ib) and tabun (II) and the use of this procedure to monitor the isolation of the tabun enantiomers is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Fluorinated 1,3‐Dipolar Compounds as Building Blocks of Heterocycles with Fluorine Groups. Part 10. Exo/Endo Stereoselectivity in 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Trifluoroacetonitrile Oxide and ‐nitrilimine with Bicyclic Olefins.
Authors: TANAKA K. , MASUDA H. , MITSUHASHI K.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the norbornenes (I) with trifluoroacetonitrile oxide ‐ generated by base treatment of (II) ‐ results in the exclusive formation of the exo‐adducts (III), while in the case of the norbornadienes (IV), both the exo‐adducts (V) and the endo‐adducts (VI) are formed.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Syntheses via Transition Metal Complexes. Part 19. β‐Methylenecyclopentenones via Iron Carbonyl‐Induced (2 + 2 + 1) Cycloaddition of Alkynes to Allenes and Carbon Monoxide.
Authors: AUMANN R. , WEIDENHAUPT H.‐J.
Published: May 2016

β‐Methylenecyclopentenones such as (IV)‐(XI) are obtained in a one‐pot procedure involving a template‐induced (2 + 2 + 1) cycloaddition reaction between the alkynes (I), allenes (II), and CO (III) via carbonyl iron complexes as intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,2,2‐Triphenyl‐4,5‐(2′,2′′‐biphenylene)‐1,3,2‐dioxaphospholane: An Effective Reagent for Converting Diols, Amino Alcohols, and Especially Mercapto Alcohols to the Corresponding Heterocycles.
Authors: KELLY J. W. , ROBINSON P. L. , EVANS S. A. JUN.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the phenanthrenequinone (I) with triphenylphosphine (II) yields the tetracyclic dioxaphospholene (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Seleninyl Chloride as an Active Chlorinating Reagent.
Authors: MOISEENKOV A. M. , LOZANOVA A. V.
Published: May 2016

Seleninyl chloride (III), prepared from selenium dioxide and trimethylchlorosilane, is used as a chlorinating agent for citronellyl acetate (V), (VI), or isoprene (IX), giving the chlorinated products (VII) and (VIII) or (X) and (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Prenylation of Phenols Promoted by Aluminum Oxide Surfaces.
Authors: GLUESENKAMP K.‐H. + , BUECHI G. +
Published: May 2016

The phenols (I) or (IV) are C‐prenylated with prenyl bromide (II) in a two phase system with either Al2O3 or BaO/Al2O3 as the solid phase.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route for the Synthesis of Cyclobutane.
Authors: LEVITIN I. YA. , SIGAN A. L. , TUVIN M. YU. , NOVODAROVA G. N. , VOL'PIN M. E.
Published: May 2016

Cyclobutane (II) is the main product yielded by passing 1,4‐dichlorobutane (I) over potassium/sodium alloy at 220°C, not ethylene or butene as reported earlier.
ChemInform Abstract: A Carbocationic Route to 3‐Substituted 1,4‐Cycloheptadienes.
Authors: MAYR H. , HEILMANN W. , LAMMERS R.
Published: May 2016

Addition of HCl to cycloheptatriene (I) yields the chlorocycloheptadiene (II) accompanied by 20% of the anti‐Markovnikov adduct (III).
ChemInform Abstract: On the Problem of Norcaradiene‐Cycloheptatriene Structure.
Authors: SCHWAGER H. , WILKE G.
Published: May 2016

Reduction of ketone (I), which adopts a norcaradiene form, is accompanied by valence isomerization.
ChemInform Abstract: σ‐Complexes of Transition Metals in Organic Synthesis. Part 2. Regioselectivity in the Allyldemetalation Reaction of Organo‐Titanium Compounds Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes.
Authors: KASATKIN A. N. , KULAK A. N. , TOLSTIKOV G. A.
Published: May 2016

The palladium‐catalyzed phenylation of crotyl bromide (II) with the phenyltitanium compounds (I) yields the phenylbutenes (IV) and (V), together with biphenyl (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Allylic Nitro Compounds by N,N‐Dimethylethylenediamine‐Catalyzed Condensation of Aliphatic and Alicyclic Ketones with Primary Nitroalkanes.
Authors: TAMURA R. , SATO M. , ODA D.
Published: May 2016

Coupling of the ketones (I) and (VI) with the nitroalkanes (II) and (VII) in the presence of the diamine (III) yields the allylic nitro compounds (IV) and (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Condensed Ring Systems. Part 18. Synthesis of Cyclobutene Derivatives from the Corresponding Thiolanes ‐ Crystal and Molecular Structure of 2,5‐o‐Benzeno‐3,4‐benzo(4.2.2)propella‐3,7,9‐triene.
Authors: WEINGES K. , SIPOS W. , KLEIN J. , DEUTER J. , IRNGARTINGER H.
Published: May 2016

Cyclobutene derivatives can be prepared from the corresponding thiolanes in better yields by using the chloro sulfoxides than by the chloro sulfones, which are intermediates in the Ramberg‐Bäcklund reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Route to 1,3‐Amino Hydroxyl System via Electrophilic Lactonization of 2‐Amino‐4‐pentenoic Acid Derivatives. Stereoselective Synthesis of (‐)‐Bulgecinine.
Authors: OHFUNE Y. , HORI K. , SAKAITANI M.
Published: May 2016

The 4‐pentenoic acids (I) are cyclized with N‐bromosuccinimide to yield the bromomethyllactones (II), together with small amounts of the stereoisomers (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Equilibrium Studies of New Dihydrothiophene Sulfoxides.
Authors: MIKLOS P. , SENNING A.
Published: May 2016

The Knoevenagel condensation of 3‐oxotetrahydrothiophene (I) with the active methylene compounds (II) affords the tautomeric sulfides (III)‐(V), which are oxidized to yield the corresponding sulfoxides (VI)‐(VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of n‐Glycylthiazolidine Derivatives as Potential Radioprotectors.
Authors: ABOULWAFA O. , OIRY J. , IMBACH J.‐L. , FATOME M.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (V) are prepared from the heterocycles (III) by means of the mixed anhydride method (→ (IV)) followed by two different deprotection procedures (the triethylsilane method fails to convert (IVb) and (IVc) to the corresponding (V)).
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazo(2,1‐b)thiazole Derivatives. Part 7. Fungistatic Activity of 3‐Aroylmethyl‐ and 3‐(β‐Aryl‐β‐hydroxyethyl)‐5,6‐dihydro‐imidazo(2,1‐b)thiazoles.
Authors: HABLOUJ M. , ROBERT J.‐F. , PANOUSE J. J. , SIMERAY J. , CHAUMONT J.‐P. , MARECHAL G.
Published: May 2016

Title compounds of type (IV) and (V) are synthesized as shown and screened, together with the intermediates (III), for fungistatic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular (4 + 2) Cycloadditions of (Z)‐α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes with Vinyl Sulfides and Ketene Dithioacetals.
Authors: DENMARK S. E. , STERNBERG J. A.
Published: May 2016

The E/Z isomers (VII) and (VIII) are prepared from (I) by stereoselective olefination of the common intermediate (IV) using either (V) or (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: The Oxirane Ring Openings of the Dianhydro Sugar with High Regioselectivity and Its Use in Preparation of Two Chiral Segments of 6‐Deoxyerythronolide B.
Authors: WAKAMATSU T. , NAKAMURA H. , NISHIKIMI Y. , YOSHIDA K. , NODA T. , TANIGUCHI M. , BAN Y.
Published: May 2016

Levoglucosan (I) is converted to the epoxide (II) which undergoes Grignard reaction, yielding the substitution products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐Endo‐Dig vs. 5‐Exo‐Dig Ring Closure in o‐Hydroxyaryl Phenylethynyl Ketones. A New Approach to the Synthesis of Flavones and Aurones.
Authors: GARCIA H. , IBORRA S. , PRIMO J. , MIRANDA M. A.
Published: May 2016

The phenyl propynoates (III), prepared from the phenols (I), are rearranged photochemically to give the hydroxyaryl ketones (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Quinazoline Carboxylic Acids. Part 10. Synthesis of 1‐Methyl‐2,4‐dioxo‐quinazolin‐3‐yl‐acetic Acid, 2,3‐Dioxo‐quinazolin‐1‐yl‐acetic Acids, 2,4‐Dioxo‐1,3‐quinazolinediacetic Acids and Their Esters.
Authors: SUESSE M. + , JOHNE S.
Published: May 2016

The esters (II) are prepared by three different procedures from either (I) or (III); the corresponding acids (e.g.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorus Pentoxide in Organic Synthesis. Part 28. Synthesis of 2H‐Pyrido(3,2‐b)‐1,4‐oxazin‐3‐amines.
Authors: JOERGENSEN A. , HAMMAD M. , PEDERSEN E. B.
Published: May 2016

The preparation of the title compounds (III) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterocyclic α‐Oxoacetic Acid Esters with a Novel Acylanion Equivalent.
Authors: WALDNER A.
Published: May 2016

The semi‐acetals (II) of the glyoxalates (I) react with isopropenyl acetate (III) to yield the esters (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chelating Ditelluroether Ligands, RTeCH2CH2CH2TeR (R: Me, Ph).
Authors: HOPE E. G. , KEMMITT T. , LEVASON W.
Published: May 2016

The Te compounds (I), prepared in situ by adding RLi to a frozen mixture of THF and elemental tellurium and allowing the mixture to warm to 20 °C, react with the dihalopropanes (II) in refrozen solution to yield the title compounds (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies (Moessbauer and IR), and the Crystal and Molecular Structure of the Organotin(IV)‐pyrazine Adducts (Sn(CH3)2Cl2)2pyz and (Sn(CH3)2Br2pyz).
Authors: RIVAROLA E. , CAMALLI M. , CARUSO F.
Published: May 2016

The title complexes (I) and (II) are obtained at 20 °C by mixing cyclohexane solutions of the tin halides with pyrazine in the appropriate amounts.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetic Study of the Conversion of cis‐Diaquo(1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclotridecane)nickel(II) to the Planar Complex.
Authors: MARTIN A. M. , GRANT K. J. , BILLO E. J.
Published: May 2016

The title complex (I) spontaneously isomerizes to the stable planar complex (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of a Heterometallic Carbon Dioxide Complex with Concurrent Reduction of CO2.
Authors: LUNDQUIST E. G. , HUFFMAN J. C. , CAULTON K. G.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of (I) with CO2 (1 atm) yields (II) along with another product which is identified to be the title complex (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Convergent Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. Part 4. Synthesis of the 35‐43 and 32‐34 Protected Segments of the Toxin II of Androctonus australis Hector.
Authors: GRANDAS A. , PEDROSO E. , GIRALT E. , GRANIER C. , VAN RIETSCHOTEN J.
Published: May 2016

The protected peptide segments (III) and (IV) corresponding to the sequences 35‐43 and 32‐34 of toxin II of the North African scorpion Androctonus a. Hector are synthesized by the solid phase method using the polymer support (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Cyclosporins from Tolypocladium inflatum. The Cyclosporins K‐Z.
Authors: TRABER R. , HOFMANN H. , LOOSLI H.‐R. , PONELLE M. , VON WARTBURG A.
Published: May 2016

The novel bioactive cyclosporins (Cy's) (I) (Cy K, L, N, O, P), (II) (Cy M), (III) (Cy Q, R, T, U), (IV) (Cy S, W), (V) (Cy V, X, Y), and (VI) (Cy Z) are isolated from the title fungus in addition to the already described Cy's A‐I. Their structures are elucidated by various methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of (‐)‐8‐epi‐Swainsonine and (‐)‐1,8‐Di‐epi‐swainsonine, Stereoisomers of Physiologically Interesting Indolizidine Alkaloid, Swainsonine.
Authors: TADANO K. , IIMURA Y. , HOTTA Y. , FUKABORI C. , SUAMI T.
Published: May 2016

The glucopyranoside (I) is transformed to (‐)‐8‐epi‐swainsonine (VII) as shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Tetrahydrolipstatin and Absolute Configuration of Tetrahydrolipstatin and Lipstatin.
Authors: BARBIER P. , SCHNEIDER F.
Published: May 2016

Tetrahydrolipstatin (IX) is prepared by a non‐stereoselective and by a partially stereoselective synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Microbial‐Mediated Syntheses of EPC. Part 2. New Syntheses of Optically Active Vitamin E Side Chain by Chemicoenzymatic Approach.
Authors: GRAMATICA P. , MANITTO P. , MONTI D. , SPERANZA G.
Published: May 2016

The two independent routes to the enantiomerically pure alcohol (IX), required for the synthesis of Vitamin E, start from the alcohols (I) or (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Arachidonate Epoxygenase: Total Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of 8,9and 11,12‐Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid.
Authors: MOSSET P. , YADAGIRI P. , LUMIN S. , CAPDEVILA J. , FALCK J. R.
Published: May 2016

Dimethyl‐L‐malate (I) is converted to the acetal (IIa) which undergoes Wittig reaction, producing diene (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MOCVD) of Compound Semiconductors. Part 2. Preparation of ZnSe Epitaxial Layers on (100) Oriented GaAs Single‐Crystalline Substrates.
Authors: FAN G. , WILLIAMS J. O.
Published: May 2016

ZnSe epitaxial layers grown from diethylzinc and H2Se by MOCVD contain impurities such as Na and Li, originating from the silica reactor wall or the Zn‐precursor, which act as electron acceptors.
Create a center to convert course, campus business materials to accessible formats
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: May 2016

When Jamie Axelrod, director of disability resources at Northern Arizona University, speaks to faculty and staff members about why accessible materials for courses and business process are important, they nod in agreement. Support for access and universal design is strong. In fact, universal design is mentioned twice in the institution's strategic plan.
AERMOD Compliance Results More Realistic With Statistical Analysis
Authors: Guerra Sergio A.
Published: May 2016

The National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) have become considerably more stringent in the last few years and pose a significant challenge in dispersion modeling compliance evaluations.
System Reliability and Environment to Be Helped by Non‐Event Demand Response
Authors: Fine James , George Simi , Moss Steven
Published: May 2016

Like a few other states, California is working to decarbonize the electric utility industry and the ground transportation sector by 2050 as part of efforts to stabilize the global climate.
Gas‐Electric Harmonization Must Come Through Process Improvements
Authors: Munson Sylvia
Published: May 2016

Technology is not the solution to all problems in gas and electric harmonization.
Improved minimal residual disease detection by targeted quantitative polymerase chain reaction in Nucleophosmin 1 type a mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Pettersson Louise , Levéen Per , Axler Olof , Dvorakova Dana , Juliusson Gunnar , Ehinger Mats
Published: May 2016

Multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) and real‐time quantitative PCR (RQ‐PCR) are important independent techniques to determine minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MFC is the standard method, but may be unreliable. Therefore, MFC‐based determination of MRD with an RQ‐PCR‐based approach targeting the nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) type A mutation was set out to compare. Since most current NPM1 RQ‐PCR MRD protocols suffer from clear definitions of quantifiability, we sought to define quantifiability in a reproducible and standardized manner. The limit of quantifiability of our RQ‐PCR protocol for the NPM1 type A mutation varied between 0.002% and 0.04% residual leukemic cells depending on the features of the standard curve for each PCR experiment. The limit of detection was close to 0.001% leukemic cells. The limit of detection by MFC ranged from 0.01% to 1% depending on the phenotype of the leukemic cells as compared with non‐leukemic bone marrow cells. Forty‐five MRD samples from 15 patients using both NPM1 mutation specific RQ‐PCR and MFC were analyzed. In 32 of the 45 samples (71%), an MRD‐signal could be detected with RQ‐PCR. A quantifiable NPM1 mutation signal was found in 15 samples (33%) (range 0.003%–2.6% leukemic cells). By contrast, only two follow‐up samples (4%) showed residual leukemic cells (0.04% and 0.3%, respectively) by MFC. Thus, RQ‐PCR of the NPM1 type A mutation was more sensitive and reliable than MFC for determination of MRD, which might have clinical implications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Irrigation Management Transfer Between Public Organizations and the Role of Participatory Irrigation Management Under Public Irrigation Management in Korea†
Authors: Choi Soo‐Myung , Yoon Kwang‐Sik , Kim Jin‐Soo
Published: May 2016

The recent irrigation management transfer (IMT) from local government to the Korean Rural Community Corporation (KRC) run by the government for better service is an emerging social issue. In this study, we conducted an extensive survey to learn about IMT between the KRC and local government. Structured questionnaires were prepared and a survey conducted with farmers, KRC members and local government officials. Most agreed with the IMT from local government to the KRC. However, the transfer of assets revealed divided opinions. The survey results show that the farmers' contribution to the maintenance of canals, including clearing water weeds and dredging ditches, was required to maintain quality even after the transition to KRC management in accordance with political and social issues. The survey also confirmed that some actions have to be implemented to improve irrigation management by encouraging farmers' participation under the public irrigation management (PubIM) system. These actions include reorganization of the discarded water management committee to revive the concept of participatory irrigation management (PIM) and subsidies (direct payments) for loyal farmers as an incentive for their labour. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spotting the Danger Zone: Forecasting Financial Crises With Classification Tree Ensembles and Many Predictors
Authors: Ward Felix
Published: May 2016

This paper introduces classification tree ensembles (CTEs) to the banking crisis forecasting literature. I show that CTEs substantially improve out‐of‐sample forecasting performance over best‐practice early‐warning systems. CTEs enable policymakers to correctly forecast 80% of crises with a 20% probability of incorrectly forecasting a crisis. These findings are based on a long‐run sample (1870–2011), and two broad post‐1970 samples which together cover almost all known systemic banking crises. I show that the marked improvement in forecasting performance results from the combination of many classification trees into an ensemble, and the use of many predictors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resistance to 3‐HTMC‐Induced Apoptosis Through Activation of PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK, and p38/COX‐2/PGE2 Pathways in Human HT‐29 and HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Semaan Josiane , Pinon Aline , Rioux Benjamin , Hassan Lama , Limami Youness , Pouget Christelle , Fagnère Catherine , Sol Vincent , Diab‐Assaf Mona , Simon Alain , Liagre Bertrand
Published: May 2016

Increasing incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer brings the necessity to uncover new possibilities in its prevention and treatment. Chalcones have been identified as interesting compounds having chemopreventive and antitumor properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of the synthetic chalcone derivative 3‐hydroxy‐3′,4,4′,5′‐tetra‐methoxy‐chalcone (3‐HTMC) on proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and its mechanism of action in human colorectal HT‐29 (COX‐2 sufficient) and HCT116 (COX‐2 deficient) cancer cells. We showed that 3‐HTMC decreased cell viability in a dose‐dependent manner with a more potent antiproliferative effect on HCT116 than HT‐29 cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed G2/M cell cycle accumulation in HT‐29 cells and significant G2/M arrest in HCT116 cells with a subsequent apoptosis shown by appearance of Sub‐G1 peak. We demonstrated that 3‐HTMC treatment on both cell lines induced apoptotic process associated with overexpression of death receptor DR5, activation of caspase‐8 and ‐3, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, 3‐HTMC induced activation of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK principal survival pathways which delay 3‐HTMC‐induced apoptosis in both cell lines. Furthermore, COX‐2 overexpression in HT‐29 cells contributes to apoptosis resistance which explains the difference of sensitivity between HT‐29 and HCT116 cells to 3‐HTMC treatment. Even if resistance mechanisms to apoptosis reduced chalcone antitumoral potential, our results suggest that 3‐HTMC may be considered as an interesting compound for colorectal cancer therapy or chemoprevention. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2875–2885, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
AQP2‐Induced Acceleration of Renal Cell Proliferation Involves the Activation of a Regulatory Volume Increase Mechanism Dependent on NHE2
Authors: Rivarola Valeria , Di Giusto Gisela , Christensen María José , Ford Paula , Capurro Claudia
Published: May 2016

We have previously shown in renal cells that expression of the water channel Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) increases the rate of cell proliferation by shortening the transit time through the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. This acceleration is due, at least in part, to a down‐regulation of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) mechanisms when volume needs to be increased in order to proceed into the S phase. We hypothesize that in order to increase cell volume, RVD mechanisms may be overtaken by regulatory volume increase mechanisms (RVI). In this study, we investigated if the isoform 2 of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE2), the main ion transporter involved in RVI responses, contributed to the AQP2‐increased renal cell proliferation. Three cortical collecting duct cell lines were used: WT‐RCCD1 (not expressing AQPs), AQP2‐RCCD1 (transfected with AQP2), and mpkCCDc14 (with inducible AQP2 expression). We here demonstrate, for the first time, that both NHE2 protein activity and expression were increased in AQP2‐expressing cells. NHE2 inhibition decreased cell proliferation and delayed cell cycle progression by slowing S and G2/M phases only if AQP2 was expressed. Finally, we observed that only in AQP2‐expressing cells a NHE2‐dependent RVI response was activated in the S phase. These observations suggest that the AQP2‐increased proliferation involves the activation of a regulatory volume increase mechanism dependent on NHE2. Therefore, we propose that the accelerated proliferation of AQP2‐expressing cells requires a coordinated modulation of the RVD/RVI activity that contributes to cell volume changes during cell cycle progression. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 967–978, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Risk Planning, Takeover, and Stabilizing Performance in Transition Economies
Authors: Amedzro St‐Hilaire Walter
Published: May 2016

The tunneling effect of multicriteria analysis is highly significant for all shades of capital.
Step‐Growth Polymerizing Systems of General Type “AfiBgi”: Calculating the Bivariate (Molecular Size) × (Number of Branch Points) Weight Distribution Using Generating Functions and Recurrences
Authors: Hillegers L. Tom , Slot Johan J. M.
Published: May 2016

This study considers step‐growth polymerizing systems of general type “AfiBgi” whereby one or more of the reacting monomer species bear at least three reactive groups. The random polymerization process will lead to a population of polymer molecules in which the individual molecules may differ widely with respect to degree of polymerization and number of branch points. This study presents an algorithmic method to calculate the statistical distribution of weight over these two molecular properties. The method uses bivariate generating functions, recurrences, and integer arithmetic.

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Lump‐Sum versus Pay‐As‐You‐Go: The Moderating Effect of Contract Types on the Optimal Logistics Decisions
Authors: Tran Thanh , Yoon Kanghyun , Genchev Stefan
Published: May 2016

When outsourcing their logistics operations to transportation companies, manufacturers/retailers need to design a contract, under which payment can be made either in a lump sum or over time (i.e., per each delivery). This paper investigates how the payment method (i.e., type of contracts) impacts the transporter's delivery schedule by developing an analytical model based on the optimal control and game theories. Our findings show that the transporter's delivery schedule depends on the method of payment and the overall cost of hiring a transporter varies with the types of contracts. We provide theoretical explanations to these findings along with managerial implications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Great expectations: racial differences in outcome expectations for a weight lifting intervention among black and white breast cancer survivors with or without lymphedema
Authors: Dean Lorraine T. , Brown Justin , Coursey Morgan , Schmitz Kathryn H.
Published: May 2016

Background

Black breast cancer survivors are less likely to engage in physical activity than are White survivors. This is unfortunate because physical activity may be especially beneficial given Black breast cancer survivors' higher rates of obesity and adverse treatment effects related to obesity, such as breast cancer‐related lymphedema (BCRL). The analysis explored outcome expectations for a weight lifting intervention by sedentary Black or White female breast cancer survivors and assessed the role of BCRL on outcome expectations for exercise.

Methods

Chi‐squared tests compared mean outcome expectation values for Black and White breast cancer survivors who completed baseline surveys for the Physical Activity and Lymphedema trial (n = 281). With race as the independent variable, multivariable analysis compared results for women without BCRL with those with BCRL, separately.

Results

Across the entire sample, Black survivors (n = 90) had significantly higher (p < 0.05) outcome expectations than White survivors (n = 191) for improvements in sleep, appearance, mental health, affect, energy, and eating habits, with small to moderate effect sizes. When stratified by BCRL status, differences by race were robust only among those with BCRL.

Conclusions

Black cancer survivors had greater expectations than White cancer survivors for how a weight lifting intervention would improve their physical and mental states; these differences were most apparent among women with BCRL. Improving outcomes in Black breast cancer survivors rests on the development of interventions that are appropriately tailored to address the expectations of this population and account for differences in persistent adverse effects of cancer such as BCRL. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.