bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studying the causes of cellular acidosis and methods of treating it in children with type 1 diabetes attending Damascus Hospital
Authors: Anbarji Mohamad , Amr Kinan , Hammoud Taghrid
Published: February 2024

Background
Diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA] is one of the most serious severe complications of type 1 diabetes [T1D] and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with type 1 diabetes [T1D]. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of DKA and its associated factors in children with T1D. With newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Damascus Hospital.
Methods and materials:
A retrospective study was conducted in Damascus Hospital. It included children between the ages of 5 and 14 years, who suffered from diabetic acidosis, and who were admitted to the children’s ward in the hospital, between the years 2010 and 2024. Descriptive medical statistics were conducted using frequency distribution, arithmetic mean, median, tables, and graphs, and a test was used. Chi-score to find out the relationship between variables.
Results
We found that the average age of children with diabetic acidosis is 11.4 years, and the infection rate among females [55.7%] is higher than males [44.3%]. 47.1% of the children were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in the ambulance unit, and 34.3% were diagnosed incidentally at They visited the clinics, and most of the children were diagnosed with diabetes in the first, third, and fourth years, and most of the children were treated with mixed and long-term insulin. It was found that the most common cause of acidosis in children was undiagnosed diabetes at a rate of 37.1%, and non-adherence to treatment at a rate of 14.3%. Most acidosis patients were treated with insulin. Fluid replacement and the duration of patients’ stay in the hospital for 3 days was 37.1%. It was found that there was an important relationship between gender and the cause of acidosis, and it was more common in females, and there was an important relationship between gender and the duration of hospitalization, as the duration of hospitalization was longer in females.
Conclusion
The most important reasons that lead to the development of diabetic ketosis in children with type 1 diabetes are poor blood sugar control as a result of non-adherence to prescribed insulin treatment, poor management of infections that cause ketosis, and the patient’s tendency to stop insulin doses completely when they suffer from any infectious condition without medical advice.
Studying the Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease among Syrians Private University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shammout Malaz , Haddad Sultaneh , Hanna Majd , Martini Nafiza , Almasri Imad-Addin , Sara Samer
Published: February 2024

Background
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common digestive disorder mainly affecting older populations. However, its prevalence and impact among younger age groups like university students is not well established.
Objective
To investigate the prevalence of GERD symptoms, medication use, and impact on quality of life among students at a Syrian private university.
Methods
This cross-sectional observational study surveyed 334 students from various specialties using an online questionnaire. Data collected included demographics, GERD symptoms, medication use, and quality of life assessed by the GERD-Health Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) instrument. Associations between GERD and age, gender, and specialty were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 37.4% of students reported not experiencing GERD symptoms while the rest did, with bloating (27.8%) being most prevalent, followed by sleep disturbances (22.2%), heartburn (21.5%), and regurgitation (18.3%). Only 16.8% used GERD medications like proton-pump inhibitors or antacids. Most students (68.5%) scored in the 0–15 range of the GERD-HRQL, indicating minimal impact on quality of life. GERD prevalence was positively associated with increasing age (p = 0.001), Female gender (p = 0.001), and medical specialty (p = 0.0025).
Conclusion
GERD symptoms are prevalent among Syrian university students, particularly with advancing age and in females. However, the impact on quality of life appears low. Raising awareness, lifestyle counseling, and targeted support, especially for medical students experiencing higher stress levels, could help manage GERD in this younger population.
Ser Dios: la unio mystica según Plotino y sus adversarios gnósticos
Authors: Troiano Mariano
Published: February 2024

Las experiencias de unio mystica alcanzadas por Plotino encuentran su reflejo en los escritos que los pensadores gnósticos utilizan en sus discusiones con este en Roma, tal como describen Zostrianos (NH VIII, 1) y Allógenes (NH XI, 3). A pesar de dicha rivalidad filosófica, es posible encontrar similitudes entre los testimonios si analizamos estas experiencias a través de su relación con los denominados Estados Alterados de Consciencia (EAC), concepto propuesto por la psicología de la religión. Tanto el corpus filosófico como la tradición gnóstica describen este estado particular del alma (ψυχἠ) al detallar el proceso mistico. En dicho proceso destaca para ambos el cambio profundo en la consciencia del iniciado, aunque neoplatónicos y gnósticos difieren en los límites de identificación con la divinidad.De esta forma, a través del análisis textual y filológico, centraremos el presente trabajo en el estudio de la unio mystica en dos aspectos. Por una parte, en el proceso mismo seguido por el iniciado. Por otra, en el grado de unión o contacto del visionario-iniciado con el Absoluto o la divinidad. Dicho análisis subrayará los caminos comunes que impulsaban ambas escuelas de pensamiento en su búsqueda de lo trascendente, a la vez que planteará preguntas esenciales sobre dicho proceso que delimitarán claramente las diferencias entre las mismas.
Algunos fundamentos de la filosofía realista de Santo Tomás de Aquino para una valoración de la inteligencia artificial (IA)
Authors: Ocampo Ponce Manuel
Published: February 2024

En 1956, se introdujo el término de inteligencia artificial (IA) para referirse a una tecnología que es capaz de emular las operaciones cognoscitivas del ser humano mediante el uso de sistemas computacionales y programas informáticos, con el fin de ayudar a la toma de decisiones en distintas áreas de conocimiento.Sin embargo, se ha llegado a cuestionar si debe emplearse el calificativo de inteligencia a esos usos de la tecnología digital. También, se ha generado preocupación sobre sus implicaciones éticas, debido a que la inteligencia artificial consiste en sistemas no autónomos que no son capaces de actos libres y responsables, lo cual exige que sean guiados por personas. Por tanto, el presente trabajo tiene como objeto presentar algunos fundamentos de la filosofía realista de santo Tomás de Aquino que nos permitan hacer una valoración de la inteligencia artificial.
Hydroxychloroquine and the associated risk of arrhythmias
Authors: Farhat Hadi , Kassab Celine J , Tlaiss Yehya , Gutlapalli Sai Dheeraj , Ganipineni Vijay Durga Pradeep , Paramsothy Jananthan , Tedesco Sarah , Kailayanathan Tharunjan , Abdulaal Razan , Otterbeck Philip
Published: February 2024

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which was initially used as an antimalarial drug, is now being used to treat other illnesses, especially rheumatic autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis, because it is safe, effective, and cost efficient. This drug has shown high efficacy and has become the first-line treatment for many of these diseases. Although HCQ has many therapeutic effects, it has unfortunately shown some complications, especially with its long-term use. One of these side effects is arrhythmia through prolongation of the QT interval. This narrative literature review focuses on the effects of HCQ on the QT interval in patients with rheumatologic diseases who have been prescribed this drug. In particular, we will focus on the increased risk of arrhythmia when HCQ is administered with other drugs, such as azithromycin and many others, along with drug-drug interactions. In addition, we investigated the safety of this drug in pregnant women.
BISMUTH OXYCHLORIDE NANOSHEETS MODIFIED WITH Au-Cu NANOPARTICLES FOR EFFICIENT PHOTOREDUCTION OF CO2 TO ETHANE
Authors: Zou Xia , Wang Sisi , Zheng Xingxing , Yang Jun
Published: February 2024

BiOCl nanosheets modified with AuCu nanoparticles were successfully designed and fabricated for water reduction of CO2. The AuxCuy/BiOCl composites exhibited enhanced visible light absorption ability due to a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. The AuxCuy/BiOCl composites could convert carbon dioxide to ethane (C2H6), while only CO was obtained over pure BiOCl nanosheets. In this study, the rate of C2H6 production (12.2 μmol h-1 g-1) and selectivity of C2H6 (75.7%) were obtained over the Au1Cu1/BiOCl photocatalyst under simulated sunlight illumination. The AuCu nanoparticles played the dual role of electron traps and hot electron donors, facilitating efficient separation and migration of the carriers. The photocatalyst exhibited steady photocatalytic activity over the test duration of 9 h.
SYNTHESIS OF CHIRAL 1,5-DIAMINES DERIVED FROM (R)-(+)-CAMPHOR
Authors: Martins José , Kray Luciana , dos Santos Greice
Published: February 2024

In this work we described the synthesis and characterization of a series of novel chiral 1,5-diamines derived from (R)-(+)-camphor through simple procedures in moderate to good yields. These new enantiopure compounds constitute a new family of chiral diamines with potential applicability as chiral building blocks, bioactive products or chiral ligands for asymmetric transformations.
Modified SEIQHRDP and Machine Learning Prediction for the Epidemics
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Li Yike , Gubar Elena ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2024

This paper is dedicated to investigating the transmission and prediction of viruses within human society. In the first phase, we augment the classical Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model by incorporating four novel states: protected status (P), quarantine status (Q), self-home status (H), and death status (D). The numerical solution of this extended model is obtained using the well-established fourth-order Runge- Kutta algorithm. Subsequently, we employ the next matrix method to calculate the basic reproduction number (R0) of the infectious disease model. We substantiate the stability of the basic reproductive number through an analysis grounded in Routh-Hurwitz theory. Lastly, we turn to the application and comparison of statistical models, specifically the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) models, for time series prediction.
Metformin Effects on SHIP2, AMPKs and Gut Microbiota: Recent Updates on Pharmacology
Authors: Shivaprakash Priyanka , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Madhunapantula Subba Rao V. , Nikolenko Vladimir N. , Basalingappa Kanthesh M.
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Metformin, a biguanide on the WHO’s list of essential medicines has a
long history of 50 years or more in treating hyperglycemia, and its therapeutic saga continues beyond
diabetes treatment. Glucoregulatory actions are central to the physiological effects of metformin;
surprisingly, the precise mechanism with which metformin regulates glucose metabolism is
not thoroughly understood yet.

Method:

The main aim of this review is to explore the recent implications of metformin in hepatic
gluconeogenesis, AMPKs, and SHIP2 and subsequently to elucidate the metformin action across
intestine and gut microbiota. We have searched PubMed, google scholar, Medline, eMedicine, National
Library of Medicine (NLM), clinicaltrials.gov (registry), and ReleMed for the implications
of metformin with its updated role in AMPKs, SHIP2, and hepatic gluoconeogenesis, and gut microbiota.
In this review, we have described the efficacy of metformin as a drug repurposing strategy
in modulating the role of AMPKs and lysosomal-AMPKs, and controversies associated with
metformin.

Result:

Research suggests that biguanide exhibits hormetic effects depending on the concentrations
used (micromolar to millimolar). The primary mechanism attributed to metformin action is
the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, and subsequent reduction of cellular energy state, as observed
with increased AMP or ADP ratio, thereby metformin can also activate the cellular energy
sensor AMPK to inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis. However, new mechanistic models have been
proposed lately to explain the pleiotropic actions of metformin; at low doses, metformin can activate
lysosomal-AMPK via the AXIN-LKB1 pathway. Conversely, in an AMPK-independent
mechanism, metformin-induced elevation of AMP suppresses adenylate cyclase and glucagon-activated
cAMP production to inhibit hepatic glucose output by glucagon. Metformin inhibits mitochondrial
glycerophosphate dehydrogenase; mGPDH, and increases the cytosolic NADH/NAD+,
affecting the availability of lactate and glycerol for gluconeogenesis. Metformin can inhibit Src homology
2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2; SHIP2 to increase the insulin sensitivity
and glucose uptake by peripheral tissues.

Conclusion:

In addition, new exciting mechanisms suggest the role of metformin in promoting
beneficial gut microbiome and gut health; metformin regulates duodenal AMPK activation, incretin
hormone secretion, and bile acid homeostasis to improve intestinal glucose absorption and
utilization.
Recent Advances in Solvent-free Organic Transformation via Iron-doped
Nanocatalyst
Authors: Gaikwad Dhananjay N. , Gaikwad Suresh T. , Manjul Rajesh K. , Rajbhoj Anjali S. , Suryavanshi Dayanand M.
Published: February 2024

This article highlights current developments in iron-doped nanocatalyst-based
solvent-free organic reactions. These catalysts have the potential to speed up processes under
safe environmental settings and eliminate the need for hazardous organic solvents. Its
application in a variety of fields is mostly due to its superparamagnetic nano diameters,
which are affordable, easily separable, reusable, and eco-friendly. Thus, the present review
article focuses on the compendious account of various doped iron nanocatalysts reported
catalyzing organic transformation, including synthesis of bioactive compounds, condensation,
multicomponent, annulation, esterification, coupling, alkylation, acylation reactions.
The development of innovative, highly active, and reusable magnetic iron nanocomposite
catalysts is crucial for the future of catalysis as it will pave the way for the creation of environmentally
friendly and sustainable technology. The review will provide valuable insights for researchers
who are designing new functionalized doped iron catalysts or utilizing these catalysts for various organic transformations
that promote sustainable development. The development of new precursors and synthesis techniques,
as well as recent improvements in the synthesis of these catalysts, are described. The article also emphasizes
the significance of comprehending the underlying processes of these catalytic events, as well as the
difficulties and possibilities for further study in this field. The potential of iron-doped nanocatalysts as an environmentally
friendly and long-lasting method of organic synthesis is emphasized throughout this review.
Role of Protein Ubiquitination and HIF Signaling in the Evolution of Hypoxic Breast Cancer
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: February 2024

:

Alternations in protein ubiquitination along with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling
contribute to tumorigenesis and breast tumor advancement. Ubiquitination is an impulsive
process, which is coordinately governed by E3 ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs), that have
come out as charismatic therapeutic targets. HIF expression, as well as the transcriptional process
in malignancies, are frequently elevated, resulting in pitiable clinical outcomes. According
to increasing research, multiple E3 ligases, in addition to UBDs work together to modulate HIF
expression and activity, permitting breast cancer cells to make out a hypoxic milieu. On the
other hand, hypoxia and HIF signaling regulate numerous E3 ligases as well as DUBs. Interpreting
involved networks connecting E3 ligase, DUBS, and HIF will reveal profound mechanisms
of physiological response to hypoxia and aid in the discovery of new molecular references for
cancer management. The present state of knowledge about the entire kinship among E3 ligase,
DUBs, and HIF signaling is reviewed here, emphasizing using E3 ligase or DUB inhibitors in
breast cancer.
The Association of Allergy-Related and Non-Allergy-Related Olfactory
Impairment with Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Two Cross-
Sectional Studies
Authors: Chen Hui , Ding Yihong , Huang Liyan , Zhong Wansi , Lin Xiaojun , Zhang Baoyue , Zheng Yan , Xu Xin , Lou Min , Yuan Changzheng
Published: February 2024

Background:

Evidence on the association of Olfactory Impairment (OI) with age-related
cognitive decline is inconclusive, and the potential influence of allergy remains unclear.

Objective:

We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional associations of allergy-related and non-allergy-
related OI to cognitive function.

Methods:

We included 2,499 participants from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS)-Harmonized
Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) sub-study and 1,086 participants from the English
Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)-HCAP. The Olfactory Function Field Exam (OFFE)
using Sniffin’ Stick odor pens was used to objectively assess olfactory function and an olfactory
score <6/11 indicated OI. Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) was used to assess global
cognitive function and define cognitive impairment (<24/30). A neuropsychologic battery was
used to assess five cognitive domains.

Results:

Compared to non-OI participants, individuals with OI had lower MMSE z-score [βHRS =
-0.33, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.41 to -0.24; βELSA = -0.31, -0.43 to -0.18] and higher prevalence
of cognitive impairment (Prevalence Ratio (PR)HRS = 1.46, 1.06 to 2.01; PRELSA = 1.63, 1.26
to 2.11). The associations were stronger for non-allergy-related OI (βHRS = -0.36; βELSA = -0.34)
than for allergy-related OI (βHRS = -0.26; βELSA = 0.13). Similar associations were observed with domain-
specific cognitive function measures.

Conclusion:

OI, particularly non-allergy-related OI, was related to poorer cognitive function in
older adults. Although the current cross-sectional study is subject to several limitations, such as reverse
causality and residual confounding, the findings will provide insights into the OI-cognition
association and enlighten future attention to non-allergy-related OI for the prevention of potential
cognitive impairment.
Fireballs-Like Explosive Peroxides Produced by the Brown-rot Fungus
Authors: Paiva Gerson S.
Published: February 2024

Fireballs are unusual and rare phenomena usually associated with thunderstorms, although
sometimes they have been observed during earthquakes, volcano eruptions or in fair weather. There
are still questions about their origination, features and interaction with the environment. In this work,
a new model is shown to explain the formation of fireballs in fair weather from poplar cotton and
peroxides produced by brown-rot fungi. Light emission is produced via thermal decomposition of 1,2-
dioxetane phenylcoumarane or 1,2-dioxetane monolignol, from lignin inside the poplar fibers. The
energy released during the explosive decaying of fireballs was calculated as being about 3 kilojoules
for each gram. This value is the same order of magnitude as the estimated for the explosive fireballs
decaying.
Development of Potential Antidiabetic Agents using 2D and 3D QSAR, Molecular Docking and ADME Properties In-silico Studies of α-amylase Inhibitors
Authors: Padvi Kalusing S. , Sarkate Aniket P. , Bhandari Shashikant V. , Kendre Mahadevi V.
Published: February 2024

Background:

A series of 2-arylbenzimidazole derivatives were designed and developed as
antidiabetic drugs using 2D and 3D QSAR, molecular docking and ADME studies.

Methods:

All molecular modeling studies were performed using Molecular Design Suite V-Life
MDS software. New chemical entities (NCEs) were designed based on the results of 2D and 3D
QSAR studies. Docking studies were performed with the designed NCEs in PDB: 5E0F and the results
were compared with the receptor ligand. According to the ADME results, all the proposed
compounds have good oral absorption, correct molecular weight, QPlogPo/w. All units show oral
absorption above 80%, it is considered well absorbed. All the proposed units show satisfactory results
in the area. This indicated that these NCEs have little or no chance of failure in the final stages
of the drug development process.

Results:

The 2D QSAR results showed that the descriptor k2alpha, T_T_N_5, IodinesCount and
BrominesCount play the most important role in determining the inhibitory activity of α-amylase.
Although 3D QSAR showed that, the q2 and Pred_r2 values of the model (SA kNN MFA model)
were 0.7476 and 0.6932. The G score of the proposed compound numbers mol-1, mol-2, mol-3, mol-
4, mol-5, mol-6, mol-7 and mol-8 are better compared to the standards, indicating that the proposed
compounds have good binding properties affinity to bind to α-amylase.

Conclusion:

These investigations have produced statistically significant and exceptionally reliable
2D and 3D Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models for antidiabetic medications,
particularly α-amylase inhibitors. Furthermore, docking experiments involving the α-amylase
enzyme have revealed that the binding energies of most Novel Chemical Entities (NCEs) are comparable
to those of the established standards. Docking studies with α-amylase enzyme showed that
most NCEs have binding energies comparable to the standard.
Neglected Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita in Two Siblings with Novel Genetic Mutations in NR0B1 Gene and Notable Clinical Course: A Case Report
Authors: Khalili Shayesteh , Zakeri Anahita , Hadaegh Farzad , Zadeh Seyed Saeed Tamehri
Published: February 2024

Background:

Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita (AHC) is a rare subtype of primary adrenal
insufficiency (PAI) that can go undiagnosed easily. In this article, we report two brothers
with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and novel mutations in the NR0B1 gene who were misdiagnosed
and mismanaged as having congenital adrenal hypoplasia (CAH) for several years.

Case Presentation:

Herein, we describe two brothers with similar histories; first, they were diagnosed
with CAH and treated for that; however, after several years, they showed symptoms of
lack of testosterone despite receiving CAH treatment. Low levels of testosterone and LH were
detected in both, and a genetic test of CAH was negative for the first brother. Thereafter, DAX-
1 deficiency was suspected, and their genetic tests (the NR0B1 gene) confirmed the diagnosis of
DAX-1.

Conclusion:

The diagnosis of CAH in case of low levels of 17- OHP, testosterone, and LH, as
well as central hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, should be studied, and further investigations
are mandatory to evaluate other subtypes of PAI, especially AHC.
Development of [64Cu]Cu-NODAGA-RGD-BBN as a Novel Radiotracer for Dual Integrin and GRPR-targeted Tumor PET Imaging
Authors: Amraee Naeimeh , Alirezapour Behrouz , Hosntalab Mohammad , Hadadi Asghar , Yousefnia Hassan
Published: February 2024

Background:

In this study, [64Cu]Cu-NODAGA-RGD-BBN was prepared and its
preclinical assessments were evaluated for PET imaging of GRPR overexpressing tumors.

Methods:

NODAGA-RGD-BBN heterodimer peptide was successfully labeled with cyclotronproduced
copper-64 at optimized conditions. The radiochemical purity of the radiotracer was
checked by HPLC and RTLC methods. The stability of the radiolabeled compound was assessed
in PBS (4°C) and in human blood serum (37°C). Binding affinity and internalization of
[64Cu]Cu-NODAGA-RGD-BBN were studied on PC3, LNCaP, and CHO cell lines. The biodistribution
of the radiotracer was evaluated in normal and tumor-bearing mice.

Results:

[64Cu]Cu-NODAGA-RGD-BBN was prepared with radiochemical purity >99 ± 0.7%
(HPLC/ITLC) and specific activity of 18.5 ± 2.2 TBq/mmol. The radiotracer showed high stability
in PBS (95 ± 1.05%) and in human blood serum (96 ± 1.24%) and, high affinity to the
GRP expressing tumor cells. [64Cu]Cu-NODAGA-RGD-BBN showed hydrophilic (log p =
-1.14) and agonistic nature. The biodistribution and imaging studies demonstrated high uptake
at the tumor site at all intervals post-injection and 3-4 h post-injection can be considered an appropriate
time of imaging.

Conclusion:

The results indicated that [64Cu]Cu-NODAGA-RGD-BBN radiolabeled heterodimer
peptide can be considered as a high-potential agent for PET imaging of GRPRoverexpressing
tumors.
Monteverdia ilicifolia as a Herbal Medicine for Treating Gastric Disorders: An Insight into its Quality Control
Authors: de Almeida Gomes Luciana , Pinto Ferreira José Luiz , de Andrade Silva Jefferson Rocha , Amaral Ana Claudia Fernandes , de Souza Ramos Aline
Published: February 2024

Background:

Monteverdia ilicifolia, popularly known as “espinheira santa”, is a plant
native to southern Brazil and is widely used in popular therapeutics to treat gastric disturbances. M.
ilicifolia is commonly adulterated, intentionally or not, with the plant species Zollernia ilicifolia and
Sorocea bonplandii due to the morphological similarity of their leaves.

Objective:

The aim of this review was to search for changes in the quality control method of M. ilicifolia
products to support the correct identification of the botanical species. In addition, the search
covered clinical studies, patents, and registered products of herbal medicines based on M. ilicifolia.

Methods:

This study is an integrative literature review that was developed using databases, indexed
articles, and books. The bibliographic searches were performed using Scopus®, SciFinder®, Scielo®,
and Science Direct®. Patent documents and herbal medicines containing M. ilicifolia were searched
in the INPI and WIPO databases.

Results:

The pharmacological activities of M. ilicifolia, the main chemical constituents, and leaf
morpho-anatomical characteristics of Monteverdia spp., Z. ilicifolia, and S. bonplandii were summarized.
The results also demonstrated herbal medicines based on M. ilicifolia marketed in Brazil, patents
in Brazil, and patents in the world market.

Conclusion:

Quality control for the species M. ilicifolia presents opportunities for improvement. The
officially recommended method presents weaknesses concerning species identification. Other chemical
markers should be included in the chromatographic analyses. There are seven medicines with
valid registrations in Brazil. Furthermore, patents filed in Brazil and at WIPO demonstrate that M.
ilicifolia has therapeutic potential in the world market.
Eco-friendly Synthesis of Azadirachta indica-based Metallic Nanoparticles
for Biomedical Application & Future Prospective
Authors: Kumari Puja , Devi Laxmi , Kadian Renu , Waziri Aafrin , Alam Md Sabir
Published: February 2024

The process of producing the metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in a sustainable and environment-
friendly process is very desirable due to environmental hazards posed by climatic changes.
Biomedical one of the fields classified under nanoscience, nanoparticles have a potential synthetic
application, which makes it a vast area of research. These particles can be prepared using chemical,
physical, and biological methods. One of the methods of synthesis of nanoparticles is by the use of
plant extracts, known as green synthesis. Because of its low cost and nontoxicity, it has gained attention
in recent times. This review was conducted to find the possible outcomes and uses of metallic
nanoparticles synthesized using different parts like gum, root, stem, leaf, fruits, etc. of Azadirachta
indica (AI). AI, a popular medicinal plant commonly known as neem, has been studied for the green
synthesis of NPs by using the capping and reducing agents secreted by the plant. Various phytochemicals
identified in neem are capable of metal ion reduction. Green synthesis of NPs from neem is an
eco-friendly and low-cost method. These NPs are reported to exhibit good antimicrobial activity. The
review covers the preparation, characterization, and mechanism associated with the antibacterial, anticancer,
and neurological diseases of the MNPs. Furthermore, the limitations associated with the existing
NPs and the prospects of these NPs are also examined.
Tıp Öğrencileri Arasında Teletıp Kullanımında E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığının Rolü
Authors: DOĞANYİĞİT Pelinsu Buket , KEÇELİGİL Hasan Tahsin
Published: February 2024

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı; tıp öğrencileri arasında tele tıp kullanımının e-sağlık okuryazarlığı üzerindeki rolünü tespit etmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki bir üniversitede tıp fakültesinde öğrenim gören 322 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada; Norman ve Skinner (2006) tarafından geliştirilip, Gencer (2017) tarafından Türkçe güvenilirliği ile geçerliliği ele alınan “E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği” ile Korkmaz ve Hoşman (2018) tarafından geliştirilen "Teletıp Ölçeği" veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler, tek yönlü varyans analizi, t testi, korelasyon ile basit doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmada yer alan öğrencilerin orta düzeyde e-sağlık okuryazarlığına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğrenciler teletıp uygulamaları konusunda düşük seviyede kullanıma ve bilgi düzeyine sahiptir. Katılımcıların cinsiyeti, sınıf düzeyi, anne ve babanın eğitim durumuna göre e-sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark görülmemiştir. Yüksek gelir seviyesine sahip katılımcılarda e-sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyleri yüksek çıkmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan tıp öğrencilerinin teletıp kullanımları ve bilgi düzeyleri ile cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, gelir durumu ve annenin eğitim düzeyi değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir istatistiksel fark oluşmamıştır. Lisansüstü eğitimi tamamlamış babası olan öğrencilerin teletıp kullanımları ve bilgi düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunun yanında e-sağlık okuryazarlığı ile teletıp kullanımı ve bilgi düzeyi arasında anlamlı, düşük seviyede ve pozitif yönde ilişki gözlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına bakıldığında, tıp öğrencilerinin e-sağlık okuryazarlıklarının teletıp kullanımları ve bilgi düzeyleri üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkisi bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Geleceğin sağlık hizmet sunucularının değişen bilgi ve teknolojilere uyum sağlayabilmeleri ve sağlık hizmetlerini etkili ve verimli şekilde yürütebilmeleri amacıyla, e-sağlık okuryazarlığı ve teletıp kavramları başta olmak üzere sağlık bilgi teknolojileri uygulamaları konusunda farkındalıklarının, bilgilerinin ve becerilerinin arttırılması önerilebilir.
AİLE HEKİMLERİNİN BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİNİ ÖLÇEN UZMANLIK TEZLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: UĞUR Fatih , DAĞCIOĞLU Basri Furkan
Published: February 2024

Giriş: Aile hekimliği klinik bir branş olmasına rağmen, aile hekimliği uzmanlık tezlerinde aile hekimleri üzerinde yapılan bilgi, tutum ve davranış araştıran anketlere diğer branşlarda hazırlanan uzmanlık tezlerine kıyasla daha sık rastlandığı görülmektedir. Hatta bazen diğer uzmanlık dallarında dahi aile hekimlerinin bilgi düzeyi üzerine tez yapılmış olması ilgi çekicidir. Bu çalışmada aile hekimliği anabilim dalları ve diğer kliniklerde yapılan uzmanlık tezlerinden, konusu aile hekimlerinin herhangi bir konudaki bilgi, farkındalık düzeyi, tutum ve davranışları ile ilgili olan tezlerin içerik analizinin yapılması planlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanındaki ve Milli Kütüphane arşivindeki ‘aile hekimi’, ‘bilgi’ ‘farkındalık’, ‘tutum’, ‘davranış’, ‘yaklaşım’ kelimeleriyle filtreleme yaparak ulaşılan tezler incelendi. Ulaşılan tezlerin içerikleri yanı sıra, hangi branş hekimlerince yapıldığı, danışman öğretim üyelerinin branşları, yazılma yılları, araştırılan konuların aile hekimliği çekirdek müfredatı ile ilgisi gibi konular incelendi. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde SPSS 24.0 programı kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Aile hekimlerinin herhangi bir konudaki bilgi veya tutumlarını ölçen 2022 yılına kadar yazılmış toplam 195 teze ulaşıldı. Katılımcıların bilgi düzeyi, incelenen tezlerin %52,6’sında yetersiz, %18,0’inde kısmen yeterli, %29,4’ünde yeterli bulunmuştu. Tezlerde araştırılan konuların %9,8’inin aile hekimliği çekirdek müfredatıyla ilişkisiz olduğu görüldü. Son yıllarda bu tarz tezlerde artış trendi olduğu görüldü. Öte yandan, aile hekimliği haricindeki branş hekimlerinin bilgi düzeyini araştıran sadece 21 tez olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca incelediğimiz tezlerin yirmisinin diğer branşlarda yazılmış uzmanlık tezleri olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Aile hekimlerinin bilgi düzeyini araştıran tez çalışmalarının diğer branşlarla kıyaslanmayacak şekilde fazla olduğu ve son yıllarda belirgin artış gösterdiği görülmektedir. Araştırdığımız tez çalışmalarının çoğunda, açıkça belirtilmemekle birlikte, birinci basamak yönelimli hekimler olan aile hekimlerinin her konuda derinlemesine bilgi sahibi olmaları gerektiği gibi akılcı olmayan bir ön kabul bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, aile hekimlerinin mesleki yeterliliklerinin ölçülmesinde, bu hekimlerin ne kadar bilgi sahibi olmaları gerektiği sorusu genellikle yeterince yanıtlanmamış ve diğer branş hekimlerinin bilgi düzeyi ile karşılaştırma yapılmamıştır. Bu durum, aile hekimleri aleyhine bir ön yargı oluşturma riskini taşımaktadır.
Can the Dietary Inflammatory Index Be an Essential Tool for Preventing Diabetes? An Overview of Clinical Studies
Authors: TOPRAK Kadriye , AYAZ Aylin
Published: February 2024

Low-grade, chronic inflammation is related to various non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. Dietary factors are important modulators of chronic inflammation. Furthermore, diet may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inflammation. The dietary inflammatory index was designed to determine the inflammatory potential of diet. Considering that diet may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inflammation, determining the inflammation potential of individuals' diets is essential for preventing diabetes risk. Thus, it may benefit from using the dietary inflammatory index to characterize dietary inflammatory potential. In this review, a comprehensive literature search was performed for the dietary inflammatory index and studies investigating the effects of the Dietary Inflammatory Index on diabetes risk and glucose markers. Although studies evaluating diabetes and diabetes-related markers with the dietary inflammatory index have inconsistent results, the dietary inflammatory index is successful in reflecting the inflammatory potential of diet. It can be an essential tool to characterize the populations' diet and reduce the risk of chronic inflammation-related disease, including diabetes. However further clinical studies are needed to determine the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and diabetes and whether the dietary inflammatory index tool will be helpful in practice.
The Entrepreneurial Mind: Unraveling Psychological Drivers
Authors: Kushwaha Anjali , Singh Anju
Published: February 2024

Entrepreneurship is important for economic growth of any nation as it contributes to job and enterprise creation which drives the engine of economic development. Skill development is a precursor to entrepreneurship development. Studies suggest that all those who possess/acquire skills may not necessarily use it for economic gains. Entrepreneurship occurs when acquired skills are used for innovative and economically gainful activities. Research on entrepreneurship indicate that there are certain external and internal factors that are responsible for translation of entrepreneurial skills into entrepreneurial behaviour. This study was conducted with the objective to identify the important psychological factors that act as determinants for entrepreneurial behaviour. An extensive review of literature found that entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial image, entrepreneurial self-perception, and entrepreneurial intention are important factors that influence the entrepreneurial process. This implies that mere skill development may not ensure entrepreneurial behaviour. It is essential to concentrate on these psychological elements in order to foster entrepreneurship.
Cryptocurrency: A Paradigm Shift in Financial Transactions
Authors: Khan Sofia
Published: February 2024

Cryptocurrency, powered by blockchain technology, has revolutionized the financial landscape, captivating the attention of investors, technologists and governments worldwide. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of cryptocurrency and its underlying technology, blockchain. It delves into the structure and functioning of blockchain, highlighting its decentralized and secure nature. The impact of cryptocurrency on finance is dissected, showcasing how it disrupts traditional financial systems by reducing intermediaries, promoting financial inclusion, enhancing security and transparency and empowering individuals with financial sovereignty. Challenges and regulatory developments are also discussed, reflecting the ongoing evolution of this transformative technology. Cryptocurrency investment and speculation are explored, emphasizing the differences between long-term investment and short-term speculation and the unique risks and opportunities associated with each approach. The integration of cryptocurrencies into diversified investment portfolios is examined, offering insights into their potential role as a hedge and a source of uncorrelated returns. A SWOT analysis summarizes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats within the cryptocurrency space, highlighting its disruptive potential and the complexities it faces in a dynamic financial landscape. In conclusion, this paper underscores the transformative power of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology while acknowledging the need for responsible adoption and regulation to shape their future impact on finance.
Trajectories and Status of Transgender Elderly Across the World and in Spain: A Narrative Review
Authors: Aparicio-García Marta Evelia , Lasso Báez Roberto Andrés
Published: February 2024

Older trans people have been largely unaddressed both in the context of the LGBTIQ+ community and in studies on geriatrics and aging. This literature review compiles up-to-date information on transgender elders, providing a summary of the Spanish historical context in which trans people have been raised, and analyzes the areas in which to center possible courses of action and research on a global scale. The themes tackled are the presence of victimization and violence; the effects of medical transition, taking into account hormones and surgery, and other issues that affect trans people's health disproportionately or in unique ways compared to cis people; the social and familiar environment and its influence as a support system; the prevalence of mental health problems and their relationship with stigma and pathologization, as well as the resilience mechanisms developed to cope; the structural barriers in the access to employment, housing, and economic resources, as well as the current legislation; and the spiritual and planning issues that arise at the end of life. Lastly, proposals are offered for healthcare professionals and future researchers to engage with this population, not only in Spain but across the world.
Association of eHealth Literacy, Self-Care and Glycemic Outcomes among
Middle-Aged and Older Diabetes Patients: A Structural Equation Model Analysis of a Population-based Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Yuting
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Background: Consumers are increasingly seeking health-related information via electronic devices. Consequently, electronic health (eHealth) has received a great deal of attention in the domain of Internet studies. Identifying the relationship between patient mobile eHealth literacy (mobile eHL) and diabetes outcomes is important to ensure these electronic tools have far-reaching utility. However, only a fraction of these studies focuses on the impact of mobile eHL among population with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: This study aims to flesh out the relationship between eHealth literacy (eHL), mobile health literacy (mHL), and health outcomes among middle-aged and older diabetes patients.

METHODS

Methods: Participants were recruited from October 2020 to May 2022 in the outpatient departments of 5 community health centers and 2 comprehensive hospitals in Guangdong. A total of 358 patients with diabetes voluntarily completed a cross-sectional survey including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle status, mobile eHL and patient outcomes (self-care behaviors, self-rated health, blood glucose). We applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the model fit of mobile eHL scores and the interrelationships between observable variables and latent constructs.

RESULTS

Results: Of the 358 diabetes patients, 65.08% (233 / 358) reported they had Willingness to use health-related Apps and 58.94% (211 / 358) had Willingness to pay for them. Our empirical model had adequate goodness-of fit indexes: 2 61 = 92.000, P = 0.006; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.988; root mean square of approximation (RMSEA)= 0.038; 2/df = 1.508. Mobile eHL is negatively related to self-rated health, but positively with diabetes self-care. No significant correlation was found between diabetes self-care and FBG level. Participants with higher self-rated health were more likely to achieve lower FBG level.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: Our study reveals that mobile eHL had a direct effect on self-care behavior as well as knowledge and skills of computers, and had an indirect impact on health outcomes (self-rated health status and blood glucose value). Our findings suggest that to promote the adoption of preventive eHealth services among chronic patients, it is essential to not only investing in the expertise of using eHealth technologies, but also increasing the general awareness of healthy behavior.
A bibliometric analysis of global research status and trends in novel endocrine therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Jinxiao , Miao He , Li Jianhua , Zhan Pengcheng , Wang Junjun , Ye Fuzeng
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Novel endocrine therapy for prostate cancer is developing rapidly and has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of prostate cancer treatment.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: This study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of novel endocrine therapies for prostate cancer (PCa), offering insight into the current research status, hotspots, and emerging trends in the field to inspire further exploration.

METHODS

Method: Data were extracted from the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC) database, with primary analysis utilizing data visualization tools VOSviewer and CiteSpace. A systematic and visual analysis was conducted, generating visual representations of data points such as publication volumes, countries, institutions, authors, journals, cited references, and keywords.

RESULTS

Result: The analysis covered a total of 2452 publications and identified an upward trend in novel endocrine treatments for PCa research over the past two decades. The United States leads in research contribution with a total of 1106 publications. The University of British Columbia had the highest volume of publications, while the author, Scher, Howard, was cited most often. The Journal of Clinical Oncology emerged as a pivotal journal in this field. The most-cited reference was found in The New England Journal of Medicine. Notable research hotspots are inclusive of 'docetaxel', 'metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'lineage plasticity', and 'PSMA'.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion: The increasing engagement of scholars in novel endocrine therapies for PCa research and the strong collaborative ties between different countries, institutions, and authors advocate rapid advancement in this field. The current study reveals the evolution of novel endocrine treatments for PCa and identifies emerging research hotspots, primarily centered around 'docetaxel', 'advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'lineage plasticity', and 'Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)'.
Association of Smartphone Overuse and Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Over 10,000 individuals. (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Yan-Jyun , Hu Ching-Yuan , Wu Wen-Tien , Lee Ru-Ping , Peng Cheng-Huan , Yao Ting-Kuo , Chang Chia-Ming , Chen Hao-Wen , Yeh Kuang-Ting
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Smartphone overuse is associated with both psychological and physical health problems, including depression and musculoskeletal disorders. However, the association between smartphone overuse and neck pain remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

We performed a meta-analysis to examine the relation between smartphone overuse and neck pain, and to identify high-risk usage patterns.

METHODS

PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for relevant studies published up to August 16, 2023, using keywords including "smartphone" and "neck pain". Prospective, retrospective, and case-controlled studies assessing the correlation between smartphone overuse and neck pain were eligible. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-regression and sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out approach were performed to test the robustness of the results.

RESULTS

Seven retrospective studies including 10,715 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The mean age of the participants ranged from 19.9 to 42.9 years. The meta-analysis revealed that compared to participants without smartphone overuse, those who overused a smartphone had a significantly higher risk of neck pain (pooled adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.44-3.82). A significant correlation between increasing age and higher ORs for neck pain was found (coefficient = 0.051, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

These results indicate a significant association between smartphone overuse and increased risk of neck pain, with risk escalating with age. Our findings underscore the necessity of addressing smartphone overuse as a health concern, especially considering its growing prevalence in modern society.