bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
路桥施工中预应力技术的应用分析
Authors: 李 飞
Published: August 2016

在经济建设取得显著成就的今天，市政工程建设也在稳步推进。路桥的质量关系到公路交通的运输能力，是对经济发展影响巨大的

决定性因素。鉴于市政路桥所发挥的重要作用，在其建设过程中，必须重视提高建设水平，确保施工质量。在本文中，我们对路桥施工中预应力

技术的应用进行了一定的研究，需要在实际施工中能够做好把握，通过技术特点的充分把握提升应用效果。
绿色施工技术在房建工程中的运用
Authors: 夏 木军
Published: August 2016

现阶段，尽管我国房建行业取得长足进步，先进技术也逐渐得到普及与运用。然而，工程施工阶段，容易造成环境污染，通过加强

绿色施工，一方面环境得到有效改善，另一方面有助于资源实现节约。工程质量方面，也能够得到科学有效保障。与此同时，材料加工等方面产

生的成本，也能够得到有效节约，运输方面的成本得到有效控制。由此可见，只有注重加强绿色施工，房建行业才能持续发展。
煤化工技术的发展与新型煤化工技术探析
Authors: 刘 金伟
Published: August 2016

我国的资源现状就是煤炭资源丰富而贫油少气。特别是近些年，人们生活水平的不断提升，石油的需求量越来越大，石油进口量呈

现逐年增加的趋势。鉴于此，我国必须充分利用煤炭资源，加大对煤化工技术的研究力度，提高煤化工技术水平。本文针对上述情况，对我国煤

化工的技术发展现状，并对现代煤化工技术与新型煤化工技术进行分析探讨。望以此促进我国煤化工技术的发展与创新。
浅谈高层民用建筑的消防给排水设计
Authors: 廖 晗
Published: August 2016

随着经济的不断发展，我国经济实力的日益提升，人们的生活水平不断提高，高层建筑越来越多的出现城市中。由于城市高层民用

建筑高度较高，投资规模较大，其使用性能也相对复杂，因而要求高层建筑的消防给排水设计应具备更高水准，以保障建筑内所有设施与人员的

安全。本文首先分析了高层民用建筑消防给水排水设计步骤，然后分析了高层民用建筑的消防给排水设计。
浅谈水泥稳定碎石基层施工工艺及施工过程质量、安全 及环保控制措施
Authors: 李 志刚
Published: August 2016

公路路面基层是位于路面面层下，间接承受路面荷载并传递应力的功能层。基层的强弱和好坏对整个路面的强度、使用质量和使用

寿命都有十分重要的影响。基层牢面层好，基层不好面层难保，可见基层对于公路路面的重要性。在目前路面施工中，水泥稳定碎石基层具有整

体强度高、稳定性好、板体性好等特点，被广泛应用于高等级公路路面的基层。公路基层施工工艺的确定及施工过程质量控制直接决定了基层本

身质量及使用寿命，所以基层施工工艺确定及施工过程质量控制尤为重要。本文针对公路水泥稳定碎石基层施工，主要论述公路水泥稳定碎石基

层施工及施工过程质量控制。
浅析土木工程施工过程中的管理问题
Authors: 潘 泽琦
Published: August 2016

经济的高速运行带动了我国建筑业的发展。为更好地应对时代的变化，相关单位需对土木工程施工提出更为严格的要求。土木施工

企业必须把控好施工进度，认真开展施工管理工作，通过良好的管理举措、方法来加强管理，保障土木工程的如期进行。鉴于此情况，本文针对

土木工程施工过程中的管理问题进行相关的探讨。下面就对土木工程施工过程中的管理问题进行详细阐述。
软土地基中桩基施工时的挤压力影响
Authors: 刘 其龙
Published: August 2016

常见的软土地基，是由淤泥、淤泥质土、杂填土或其他高压缩性及抗剪强度低的土构成的地基，具有强度变化缓慢、加荷载易变形，

不均匀，变形速率大且承载力低，沉降量大等不良工程性质的软弱地基；软土特点是天然含水量大、孔隙比大、压缩系数高、强度低，并具有流

变性、触变性等特殊的土力学性质，工程利用条件较差；软土地基在附加荷载作用下，逐渐排出孔隙水，使孔隙比变小而产生固结变形，随着土体超静孔隙水压力的逐渐扩散，土的有效应力增加，提前完成沉降或提高沉降速度。本文对软土地基中桩基施工时的挤压力影响进行了分析。
谈供电企业如何实现山区用电降损增效
Authors: 孟 丹
Published: August 2016

线损是电网在输送和分配电能过程中，各设备元件和线路所产生的电能损失，它包括固定损失、可变损失和其它损失。供电企业线

损管理工作一直是供电企业常抓不懈的一项经济指标，本文根据山区的实际情况，深入分析了线损产生的原因和降低线损的相关措施，并从技术

措施和管理措施两方面探讨降低线损措施，加强管理，达到“多供少损、降损节能”的目的。
提高锅炉电气设备安全高效运行的措施
Authors: 于 雪坤
Published: August 2016

随着科学技术的不断进步，锅炉材料、设计、制造和运行的各种核心技术的深化研究工作取得了优异的成绩，但是和世界先进国家

相比，我国在锅炉材料、选型、设计、制造和运行的全生命周期安全高效低排放运行等科学技术领域仍然处于模仿和引进消化吸收阶段，消化吸收之后的再创新虽初具成效，但主导自主产业发展仍需相当长的阶段
铁道工程施工若干问题研究
Authors: 李 彦军
Published: August 2016

在铁道工程施工中，铁道施工管理水平的高低，将直接影响到整个工程施工的进度和经济效益，加强施工管理是确保铁路工程建设

项目施工质量的关键。近年来，随着我国铁路从普速向高速的转变和重载铁路的发展，在一定程度上拉动了我们交通事业的进步，同时也暴露和

凸显了诸多问题，我国铁道工程施工的现状不容乐观。如何加强铁道工程施工管理是当前铁道工程施工关注的焦点。
引水隧洞工程TBM卡机脱困处理技术探讨
Authors: 赵 景红
Published: August 2016

在不良地质条件下，引水隧洞工程TBM施工极易出现卡机故障。引红济石引水隧洞IV标项工程在施工过程中，成功地处理了由于刀

盘前方、盾体周围围岩坍塌等造成的卡机，为后续积极应对双护盾TBM在施工过程中出现的这类问题积累了宝贵的施工经验，亦可在同类工程中予以推广应用。
影响方家山核电机组汽轮机组出力因素分析
Authors: 沈 玉端
Published: August 2016

方家山两台汽轮机组设计额定功率为1089MW，但是在首循环期间，随着气温逐渐上升，汽轮机组出力逐渐下降，特别是到了夏季 最高气温期间，两台机组汽轮机组出力只有1030MW，和设计的额定功率1089MW相差较大。作者通过查阅设计文件、调研实际海水温度、温差以及结合热力性能试验结果，分析查找出因设计选取的海水温度偏低、实际每日海水温差高于设计值以及仪表选型错误，是导致方家山两台机组首循环出力过低的原因，因此设计参数的合理选择、仪表的精度对于热功率影响有重要意义
预应力技术在路桥工程施工中的应用
Authors: 祝 艳军
Published: August 2016

作为路桥，舒适性高、安全性强、载重程度大是其最为重要的三大特点。随着经济全球化进程日趋加快，我国国民经济也得到了突

飞猛进地发展，道路交通运输的需求日益增大的同时，对于路桥工程施工质量的要求也进一步提高。路桥施工中，在预应力技术应用下的施工质

量，对道路的通行能力，以及行车的舒适程度都产生着重要而又直接的影响。本文基于早期道路桥梁工程承载能力不足，耐久性差的境况，分析

原因，提出对策，为使得道路运行更加通畅，工程使用寿命更为持久，施工方必须在掌握预应力技术的全部要点之后，进一步规范施工工艺，从而提高施工质量，并使得交通安全得以保障
智能化建筑照明节能设计探讨
Authors: 柴 子辉
Published: August 2016

目前建筑行业逐渐朝着智能化方向发展，其中节能是智能化建筑的一大优势。照明系统是智能建筑中重要的组成内容，有着较大的能耗，所以如何做好建筑照明节能设计也就显得尤为重要。为了进一步加强对智能化建筑照明节能方面的设计，本文将就此论题展开探讨。
自动涂胶机械手的PLC控制
Authors: 金 薇
Published: August 2016

自动涂胶机械手是一种典型的机电一体化系统的实际应用，也是一种典型的可编程序控制器（PLC）技术的实际应用，它是通过可

编程序控制器和数据记录控制计算机（DRC）之间的通信进行联合控制，自动控制机械手的启动、运行和停机；自动进退装载工件的托盘；自动

升降注胶罐；自动判别是否涂胶等一系列动作。该系统的成功开发对提高工作效率、改善产品质量、减轻工程技术人员的工作强度都具有很大的意义，并且该系统在控制现场方面，尤其在PLC控制现场方面，具有卓越的控制功能和良好的性能价格比
谈园林工程的施工控制与管理
Authors: 吕 庭春
Published: August 2016

随着现代城市的发展和人们对生活环境的要求越来越高，使得园林工程的施工管理变得愈为重要。在园林工程施工过程中，做好成

本控制和管理不仅直接关系到施工企业的经济效益，对于施工企业自身的发展也具有极其重要的影响，所以在园林工程项目施工过程中，需从各

方面入手，做好施工控制管理工作，确保项目能够获得最大化的经济效益。
园林景观设计的生态性探讨
Authors: 张 元生
Published: August 2016

近几年，城市进程不断深入，人居环境不断恶化，生态问题日渐成为社会关注焦点，各行各业都逐渐在自身行业建设与发展中引入

生态理念，园林景观也不例外。如何把生态性理念渗透进园林景观设计当中，并充分发挥园林景观的生态效益成为了现阶段园林景观设计的主要

前进与发展方向。在此背景下，将对园林景观设计的生态性特征进行分析，并对提升园林景观设计的生态性途径进行探讨。
园林绿化工程施工现场管理与绿化树木花卉管理
Authors: 赵 晖
Published: August 2016

随着社会的发展，园林绿化工程建设越来越受到重视。作为现代化的园林绿化工程的管理者，需要深入了解园林绿化工程的施工技

术以及原理，具有技术性与艺术性的眼光，可以规范每一个环节的施工建设行为。只有园林绿化工程的施工与绿化树木花卉管理水平得以提高，

才能让园林公司得以快速发展。但是就目前的情况来看，对于园林绿化工程施工现场管理与绿化树木花卉管理还存在很多问题，基于此本文分析

了园林绿化工程施工现场管理与绿化树木花卉管理。
园林绿化设计中植物造景探讨
Authors: 李 克艺
Published: August 2016

园林绿化设计是对城市改造和美化的一种有效措施，其中非常重要的一个环节就是植物造景，通过植物的修剪设计出与周边环境相

呼应的景致，凸显园林的绿色美。随着我国城镇化进程的加快，人们对于生活环境的要求也在逐步提高，尤其是现代化城市建设中必不可少的就

是园林景观工程，但是为了减少园林景观工程的成本投入，设计人员开始引进植物造景技术，这样不仅可以就地取材，减少工程成本，还可以有

效改善园林景观绿化效果。本文就此进行了园林绿化设计中植物造景的探讨。
园林树木养护管理技术
Authors: 张 巧兰
Published: August 2016

林体系建设是城市绿化的基础，做好园林树木的养护和管理工作在城市绿化方面十分重要。在对园林树木养护和管理过程中，应该根据不同种类树木的生长特性和需求，定期的做好施肥、灌溉、修剪、病虫害防治以及除草中耕培土工作。在做好这项工作的基础上，还要做好园林保洁和整理工作。本文主要结合作者实际的工作经验，就园林树木养护管理技术进行了分析，希望通过本次研究对更好的促进园林养护管理工作的提升有一定的促进作用。
Studies of heat shock protein response isolated from zoomland soil bacterium (Pseudomonas spp.)
Authors: Marzan Lolo Wal , Hossain Tafazzal , Akter Yasmin , Hossain Md. Amzad , Arifuzzaman Md.
Published: August 2016

Expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) synthesized by bacterium (Pseudomonas spp.) during stress condition (elevated temperature) is identified and studied their association in adaptation to environmental extremes. Collection, screening, isolation and identification of zoom land soil bacterium were carried out by growing bacterial cells on selective Agar Cetrimide media. Optimization of culture conditions (incubation time and temperature) for the maximum production of cell (Dry Cell Weight) also considered for the identified organism (Pseudomonas spp.) in LB media during micro-aerobic batch culture; where maximum cell growth was found 1.80 gm/L at 10 hours incubation period and 37°C incubation temperature, while rpm was 120. Subsequently, bacterial cell was grown in LB media for 6 hours at 37°C and 120 rpm into shaking incubator, then incubated for 2 hours, where maximum cell growth was observed 2.38 ± 0.06 gm/L during elevated temperature (50°C), stimulated by heat shock proteins. Then different intracellular and extracellular soluble protein extraction, purification was attempted from soil bacterium by centrifugation, sonication, repeated freezing and thawing. SDS-PAGE was performed for the separation of heat shock protein, where protein bands intensity 90, 84, 70 and 45 kDa were found according to their molecular weight. Pseudomonas spp. can produce heat shock protein during harsh condition which can help them to survive by effective adaptation mediated by universal regulatory mechanisms affecting several pathways. Hsps are expected to play a significant role to conferring tolerance in response to changes in high temperature. They are also responsible for survival of bacterial cells and increasing soil fertility which associated with virulence. So, this study will help to understand the impact of soil microorganisms to revive the soil fertility though people burn their paddy fields after harvesting in zoom areas of Bangladesh.
Analyse Multidimensionnelle Des Facteurs D’intégration Des Tice: Etude De Cas À Travers Le Programme Genie Marocain
Authors: Benfaress Samiha , Zaki Moncef , Alami Anouar
Published: August 2016

This article focuses on the integration of ICT in high-school level within the framework of teaching of sciences of Life and Earth. The experimentation was conducted with a sample of 112 Moroccan teachers of the region of Fez - Boulemane, who responded to a questionnaire of 16 modalities relating to the availability and the use of ICT tools, educational management of ICT in classroom, and the trainings and competencies in ICT and Informatics of the teachers. In order to make an original contribution to the study of the integration of ICT, we adopted a multidimensional analysis in the treatment of the answers of the teachers. Thus, thanks to a Factorial Analysis of Multiple Correspondence (FAMC), we could take account of the links which exist between the various modalities of our questionnaire to get to identify the most discriminating factors in the integration of ICT, like their order of importance. The results of this analysis led to three factorial axes cumulating an absolute inertia of 70%, respectively representing «the pedagogical contribution and the fundamental conditions of a success of the integration of ICT», «the advanced competencies in ICT and Informatics» and «the difficulties of use of ICT in classroom». These axes, in this hierarchy, represent finally the most discriminating factors for a successful integration of ICT.
Public Relations, Mass Media and Informal Education
Authors: Bajrami Demush , Reci Teuta , Iseni Arburim
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, governments, educational institutions, non-governmental organizations, the private economy and each individual make an effort to integrate the idea of sustainable development in all areas of the educational system. Specific skills and knowledge that we gain as children and teenagers in the family, at school, in training or university will not last for a lifetime. Humanity is programmed to survive. In this context the term ‘programmed’ does not mean the same thing that we use in the computer sciences. Herein, we are dealing with emotional tangle and the continuing struggle to find ourselves. In this way we discovered education as a process. The purpose of practicing this process is that the personal development of an individual can be organized by certain rules. However, the formality enters the function to some extent and we also know that man is inclined to lay in his use of free will. So now we have reached to a new discovery, which is appointed as informal education. This paper, first of all encompasses this form, but also skewed approach to public relations and prospects is also different from those which have been hitherto. First, we will discuss what PR is. Further, we will elaborate education as a process; moreover, we will see how it can be split any further. Hence, history encompasses a factual situation. Lastly, it will be given the interconnection among PR, mass media and informal education.
How Crm Performs Inside Sales Activities In Itc Companies: A Case Study Of Fincons Group, Italy
Authors: Arianna Di Vittorio , Alessandro Di Gioia Vito
Published: August 2016

The aim of this paper is to take a case study of the Fincons Group and examine the in depth activity of the Inside Sales Department. The study presents Fincons Group, which is an IT Consulting Company. Its offices are based in Italy, Switzerland, and England. They are organized into Business Units and are offering concerns to all the different stages of IT applications as well as complex innovation programs. It explains the activities of the Inside Sales Department, specifically the Inside Sales. In detail, Marketing Analysis and Strategy, Marketing Management, and Marketing Research and Metrics have been considered useful to present to the management the guideline for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of customer relationship management programs. Thus, its aim is to optimize the sales process. This study also deals with CRM Salesforce, which is the IT tool used for customer relationship management. In this case, it is possible to analyse the CRM by going over its list of information. Thus, the aim is to give the guideline to quantify the value of customer relationships. In conclusion, the paper highlights the idea of “Holistic CRM”. Specifically, it emphasizes the need for a cross-functional, process-oriented, and calculated approach that positions CRM at a strategic level where business should take precedence over technology.
Contribution Des Femmes A La Production Piscicole En Côte D’Ivoire
Authors: Yao Anoumou Hortense , Koumi Ahou Rachel , Atsé Boua Célestin , Kouamelan Essetchi Paul
Published: August 2016

Women play a major role in the accession to food security because of their significant contribution to agriculture. However, very few data exists on women’s contribution to the Cote d’Ivoire fish production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of fish farms owned by women to contribute to the fish production in Cote d'Ivoire. A survey has been conducted on women fish farms characteristics and their production capacity. Only 5.98% of 301 farms belonged to women with a contribution to the total production of 2.89%. They are mostly farmers (44.44%) aged 30 to 60 years (88.89%), native of the regions (66.67%) where they had their farms. Tilapia and catfish are the main species produced with a semi-intensive (83.33%) farming system in pond. The area of production is less than 1 hectare (77.78%). Commercial or farms-made feeds are preferably used as fish feeds. Women-owned farms production is characterized by the tilapia commercial weigh over 300 g (66.67%) and a yield of 1000 kg/ha/year (77.78%). By their choice of production system, feeds and their production capacity, women can contribute to set up a sustainable production environment of farm fish in Cote d'Ivoire.
Cartographie De La Vulnérabilité À La Pollution Des Aquifères Du Socle Précambrien : Cas De La Région D’oumé (Centre-Ouest De La Côte D’ivoire)
Authors: Blanchard Allechy Fabrice , Théophile Lasm , Marc Youan Ta , François Yao Kouadio Assemien , Suzane Kouakou Ourapa , Raphaël Oka Koua Armel , Derving Baka , Zephir De Lasme Omer
Published: August 2016

Development of agricultural and mining activities and the rapid growth of the population (3.8%) in Oumé’s area, constitute a potential risk of groundwater’s pollutions. This study interested Oumé’s area and aims to elaborate a map of vulnerability to pollution for a better management of groundwaters. The database is constituted by various data in particular, geological, hydrogeological, geomorphological, pluviometric data and satellite image. Methods DRASTIC and GOD were used in this study. Results of DRASTIC method indicated that 31.86% of study area have a very low vulnerability, 68.12% a low vulnerability and 0.02% a moderate vulnerability. With GOD method, 12.8% of study area have a very low vulnerability, 86.46% a low vulnerability and 0.74% a moderate vulnerability. The chemical analysis of groundwater showed that weaker rates of nitrates (0-14mg/l) registered inside the surely well protected zones. These observations have led to validate some various maps obtained. Result of the test of Kappa revealed that coefficient K is reliable and gave moderate agreement (K=0.43) between both methods. This agreement is confirmed by the surface analysis (79.01%). In this study, the DRASTIC method supplied better results and is thus better adapted for the evaluation of vulnerability in the pollution of groundwater of this area.
Preventing Psychological Wear in Healthy Organizations. Research in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico
Authors: Garcia M. Angeles Carrion , Gracia Tirso Javier Hernandez , Baron Francisco Lopez , Garcia Alejandra Corichi
Published: August 2016

Materials and methods: Non-experimental, cross-sectional quantitative study of 188 employees in different business sectors, State of Hidalgo, Mexico. Instrument: a battery for the study of psychosocial work conditions “CTCPS-MAC”. A bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was made with IBM SPSS Statistics 21 of psychological wear and psychosocial factors. Results: Work Context (p=0.000 Exp (B) = 5.565) infers a greater risk of cognitive-emotional psychological wear. Behavioral level: individual factors (p=0.000 Exp (B) = 8.531) and work context (p=0.000 Exp (B) = 4.759). Physiological level: work content (p=0.000 Exp (B) = 8.765) Conclusions: Probability of psychological wear at the behavioral level: 94.87% in employees with a negative perception of their personal traits and the work/family interrelation. Physiological level: 97.70% for employees in the morning or morning/afternoon shift, good perception of individual factors regarding their personal traits and psychological risk buffers and a bad perception of company characteristics, equipment and physical agents.
Cephalometric Evaluation Of The Size And Morphology Of Sella Turcica In Different Types Of Malocclusion Among Romanian Subjects
Authors: Panainte Irinel , Gyergyay Reka , Martha Krisztina
Published: August 2016

Introduction: The vertical and sagital position of the maxilla and mandible is influenced by the size and the angulation of the cranial base. Sellae turcica is part of the cranial base. It is located in the middle cranial fossa. Thus, the growth and the development of this bony structure are influenced by neural and general skeletal pattern as well. Cephalometric analysis is an important part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. From numerous cephalometric landmarks, the S- sellae point is commonly used to describe the cranial base. Also, it is used to evaluate other bony structures’ position towards it. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the shape and the dimension of the sellae turcica in different types of malocclusions. Materials and Methods: 136 randomly selected lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. Also, skeletal and facial pattern was identified and the shape and sagital dimension of the sellae was measured. Results: Statistical analysis presented no significancy regarding sellae’s shape in different types of malocclusion. However, the skeletal class II cases presented the most anarchic sellae shapes. Comparing linear measurements of skeletal length and sellae diameter, we found that the smallest diameter of the sellae appears in class III malocclusions. Thus, other skeletal length presents the lowest mean values also. Statistically significant differences among maxillary, mandibular, and cranial base length and sellae diameter were found in class I malocclusion (p=0.013). Conclusions: Sella morphology appears to have certain correlation with cranial and jaw base length and jaw base relationship in skeletal Class I Romanian population
Prevalence Of African Giant Snails For Parasites In A South-East Region Of Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Mamadou Karamoko , Saint-Clair Amani N’dri , Alassane Touré , Clarisse Komoin Oka , Atcho Otchoumou , Agathe Fantodji , Philippe Kouassi Kouassi
Published: August 2016

Two species of snails (Achatina achatina and Archachatina ventricosa), from surrounding forest of Azaguié’s district, were collected at the market of the locality aforementioned in order to identify their various parasites. For that, 50 snails of each species were sacrificed. Parasites were searched on the level of the flesh, between the flesh and the shell, the stomach, the intestine, the liver and the reproductive apparatus. The collected parasites were Balantidium spp, the larvae of Protostrongylus spp, the larvae of Dicrocoelium spp and Trichomonas spp. Our results showed that 52% of Achatina achatina and 74% of Archachatina ventricosa were parasitized. Among the parasites collected in the snail Achatina achatina, 95.8% were nematodes and 4.1% were trematodes. Whereas in the snail Archachatina ventricosa, 97.7% were protozoa, 8.8% nematodes and 0.4% consisting with trematodes. The prevalence of Protostrongylus spp (48%) were higher than that of Dicrocoelium spp (4%) in Achatina achatina. For the snail Archachatina ventricosa, the prevalence of parasite were dominated by Trichomonas spp (38%) and Protostrongylus spp (24%).
Profil Évolutif Des Accidents Vasculaires Cérébraux Hémorragiques À Yaoundé (Hôpital Général& Centre Hospitalier Et Universitaire)
Authors: Awono Ateba Patrice Emmanuel , Ndié Justin , Likeng Julienne Louise Ngo , Nkoum Benjamin Alexandre
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, strokes constitute a real public health problem in the world. In Cameroon, because of the people’s lifestyle potential risk factor, the prevalence of hemorrhagic strokes as well as its mortality is on the rise. This study was aimed at analyzing the evolutionary profile of hemorrhagic strokes at the General Hospital and the University Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé. A retrospective cross-sectional study with a qualitative component was carried out at the General Hospital and the University Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé for 2 months. Were included, all patients with a diagnosis of hemorrhagic strokes confirmed by CT Scan. With the help of a scale, patient data over a 30 month’s period (2013-2015) were collected. Over 1037 patients hospitalized in intensive care unit at the General Hospital and the University Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé, 122 cases of hemorrhagic strokes were diagnosed, that is a prevalence of 11.8%. The average age was 58±10.52 and the most vulnerable age range was between 50 and 70 years with 67.2%. Men were most affected (60.7%) with a sex ratio of 1.54(74 men/48 women). Among these cases of hemorrhagic strokes still hospitalized, 70 had died giving a lethality rate of 57.4%. Only the duration of hospitalization had an effect on the outcome of patients with hemorrhagic strokes. Actually the patients, victims of hemorrhagic strokes who had had less than 21 days of hospitalization, had 2.91 chances of dying as compared to those patients hospitalized for over 21 days (OR=2.91 IC 95% [5.1-65.7]; p=0.000). The late admission to reanimation, the difficulties encountered by victims of hemorrhagic strokes and their careers, to handle the enormous cost of their treatment and the insufficiencies of the technical platform, were factors also influencing the evolution of hemorrhagic strokes hospitalized in reanimation at the General Hospital and the University Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé. Despite certain efforts aimed at reducing premature mortality, the prevalence of hemorrhagic strokes was increasing in reanimation at the General Hospital and University Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé. Only multisectorial actions of sensitization, the restructuring and amelioration of the care of this ailment will help reverse the evolutionary trend.
Utilization of Mosquito Nets and Malaria Related Under-Five Mortality in Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Kingsley Imo, Chukwuechefulam , Uche Charlie Isiugo-Abanihe,
Published: August 2016

In spite of huge global investments in the production and distribution of mosquito nets to protect people from malaria; it has continued to militate against the reduction of mortality in Nigeria. The study, therefore, examined the nexus between utilization of mosquito nets and malaria related under-five health outcome. Two local government areas were randomly selected from each of the three senatorial districts, and stratified along urban and rural communities. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 609 mothers within childbearing age and who had under-five children across the communities. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests and logistic regression at p<0.05, and thematic content analysis were used for data analyses. The respondents’ age was 32.6±5.8 years, 84.6% were married/living together, 55.0% had secondary education, while 42.7% were in paid/civil service jobs. Under-five mortality was 19.3% higher amongst rural than urban dwellers. Ownership of mosquito nets (treated or untreated) varied by place of residence with 60.1% and 39.9% for urban and rural areas respectively. About 62% of the dead under-five children never slept under mosquito nets. The likelihood of under-five mortality significantly increased by nonownership of mosquito nets (Odds-Ratio (OR): 2.476) and reduced by number of mosquito nets (OR: 0.278). Wrong methods adopted by mothers in using mosquito nets, was deduced as a contributory factor causing underfive mortality for home with fewer nets. Information on the proper use of the mosquito nets would help achieve the goal of universal access for the atrisk populations of children under age five and pregnant women.
Resultados Perinatales De Hijos De Madres Adolescentes, Comparados Con Hijos De Madres No Adolescentes En Un Hospital De Segundo Nivel En México
Authors: Vega-Malagón Genaro , De Icaza-Llera Tannia , Becerril-Santos Alma , Ávila-Morales Javier
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE: To determine perinatal outcomes of children of adolescent mothers against the ones of children of non-adolescent mothers in a second level class hospital in Mexico. METHODOLOGY: Case-control studies applied at “Hospital del Niño y la Mujer” from the National Health Department of Queretaro, Qro. from September 1st, 2015 to January 30th, 2016. A sample of 60 medical records of teenage pregnant women was studied. In addition to 90 medical records of women between 20 to 35 years old who had an obstetric event. The analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. With a 95% confidence interval and a value of p < 0.05. RESULTS: The average age range was 17.38 and 25.33 respectively. The quantitative variables, statistically significant with a p<0.05, were: weight and Apgar score one minute after birth, whereas in weeks of gestation, height and Apgar score five minutes after birth and after days of hospitalization, there was no change. The most frequent qualitative variables among adolescent women were: complications during childbirth (15%), complications with the newborn (18.3%), and route of termination of pregnancy by caesarean section (70%), while in pregnant women between 20 to 35 years old, the complications during the pregnancy were more frequent (51.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy among adolescent women continues to have a higher mortality rate than in 20 to 35 year-old women, although it is less frequent than in previous years. It is necessary to promote sexual education to reduce the incidence in this age group.
Suivi Thérapeutique Pharmacologique Des Antituberculeux : Quinze Ans d’Expérience
Authors: El Bouazzi Omaima , Belabbes Soufiane , Moussa Latifa Ait , Soulaymani-Bencheikh Rachida , Badrane Narjis , Bengueddour Rachid
Published: August 2016

Tuberculosis is a world public health problem. Its treatment is based on a set of drugs that can cause many side effects. Liver toxicity remains one of the most common and severe side effect causing treatment failure. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the interest of therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of tuberculosis through the experience of the Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology of the Anti Poison Center. This retrospective study involved 1152 patients who had benefited from a determination of plasma levels of first line antitubureculosis drugs (isoniasid, pyrazinamid, rifampicin) during 15 years. 135 patients had developed hepatotoxicity. The study showed that at therapeutic dose, 71.2% of TB patients had plasma concentrations lower than the therapeutic range, and 57.8% of patients had isoniazid plasma concentrations above the therapeutic range. This interindividual variability justifies the need for therapeutic drug monitoring to assess an inadequate response to tuberculosis treatment and prevent the development of hepatotoxicity.
Influence Of Orthodontic Treatment On Gingival Condition
Authors: Panainte Irinel , Vlad Ramona , Monea Monica
Published: August 2016

Aim of the study was to evaluate gingival modifications occuring in patients during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and methods. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, in study were included 60 patients (35 girls and 25 boys). Mean age was 13.1 years for girls and 12.8 years for boys. Treatment period was 19.2 months for the upper arch and 21.3 months for the lower arch. There were taken 2 types of measurements ː plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI), before, during and after treatment. Results. During orthodontic treatment buccal GI was 1.35 ± 0.32 and interpoximal GI was 1.75 ± 0.25. PI was 0.85 ± 0.28. After the appliances were removed, buccal GI was 1.44 ± 0.37, inteproximal GI 1.86 ± 0.22 and PI 1.01 ± 0.29. When PI and GI were measured in individual teeth it was found a statistical correlation in the measured values (p≤0.05). Conclusions. Based on these results we conclude that gingival modifications occur during orthodontic treatment. The most important changes are in the lower arch in molar area. After the treatment is finished, the situations come back in normal parameters.
Assessment Of Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha (Tnf- Α) And Creatinine Levels In Echis Ocellatus Bite Victims In Jos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: P.O. Manafa , E.O. Osmond , C.C. Onyenekwe , C.O. Okeke , G.O. Chukwuma , A.C. Ihim , S.I. Ogenyi , R.C. Chukwuanukwu , C.C. Manafa , E.C. Nnadi
Published: August 2016

This study was designed to assess tumour necrosis factor-alpha and creatinine levels in Echis ocellatus bite victims. A total of 50 subjects were recruited. Out of this number, 40 were victims of E. ocellatus bite and the remaining 10 were non-victims of snake bite who served as the control group. Blood samples were collected from the victims within 24 hours of the snake bite and EchiTAb-G antivenom administered within the same period. Another batch of blood sample was collected 48 hours post-administration of the anti-venom. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were estimated by the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique while creatinine levels were determined using kinetic-spectrophotometric procedure. The mean serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and creatinine were significantly increased in E. ocellatus bite victims compared with the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the mean serum level of TNFalpha was significantly lower in E. ocellatus bite victims, post-administration of anti-venom, compared with the pre-administration of anti-venom (P<0.05). In contrast, no significant difference was observed in the mean serum level of creatinine in E. ocellatus bite victims, post-administration of anti-venom, compared with the pre-administration of anti-venom (P>0.05). Moreover, the mean serum level of creatinine was found to be significantly increased in E. ocellatus bite victims, post-administration of anti-venom, compared with the control group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed in the mean serum level of tumour necrosis factor-alpha in E. ocellatus bite victims, post-administration of anti-venom, compared with the control group(P>0.05). A positive correlation existed between tumour necrosis factor-alpha and creatinine levels in E. ocellatus bite subjects (r= 0.782). Echis ocellatus bite is a risk factor for renal damage indicated by an elevated serum creatinine, thus health authorities should make EchiTAb-G anti-venom freely available in health facilities and administered as quickly as possible to reduce the risk of renal damage in Echis ocellatus bite-prone areas.
Work Overload and Turnover Intention of Junior Auditors in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Pradana Andika , Salehudin Imam
Published: August 2016

This paper aims to analyze how work overload influences turnover intentions of newly hired junior auditors in public accounting offices. Job satisfaction, work related stress and work life conflicts are used as mediating variables between work overload and turnover intention. This study employed 141 auditors from several accounting firms operating in the Greater Jakarta region. The sample was selected using purposive sampling. Three mediation hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that work overload has a significant effect on increasing turnover intention through both job satisfaction and work related stress. In comparison, work overload does not influence turnover intention through work life balance. This may be due to the nature of the respondents, in which a majority of the newly hired accountants employed in this study are unmarried.
CSR Balanced Scorecard Systems and Business Performances: SMEs Case Study
Authors: Wong Edward Sek Khin , Muhamad Rusnah , Yeap Lau Wee
Published: August 2016

This paper aims to examine the performance measurement using the CSR Balanced Scorecard system in SMEs firms in Malaysia. It investigates the relationships of the four perspectives of CSR Balanced Scorecard system toward performance measurement. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether or not the improvement of the non-financial CSR measures will lead to the improvement of performance measures. To test these relationships, data were collected using the four perspectives approach introduced by Utting (2007). The finding indicates that the organizational business performance can be greatly increased by putting greater emphasis to CSR measures. The results also reveal that the increases of firms customer’s satisfaction is caused by the increase implementation of CSR measurement. At the end of the article, the implications of this study for SME industries and some suggestions are discussed for future studies.
Screening of Upland Cotton Seed as a Nutrient Sources for Ruminants
Authors: Mandhania S. , Sangwan Rajvir Singh , Sangwan Omender , Pundir Shiv Raj , Janu Arun
Published: August 2016

This study was designed to screen the thirty eight genotypes for their quality characteristics which can be exploited as feed for ruminant animals. The genotypes which posses high content of protein, oil and but low content of gossypol content will utilized for nutrient purpose. The protein and oil content were estimated by AOAC method, whereas, the gossypol content was estimated spectrophotomertically. The protein, oil and gossypol content ranged from 15.76 to 23.49, 11.37 to 16.23 and .011 to 0.29 percent respectively. The least gossypol content was observed in the ARBH 1501 (0.11%) genotype but also has low quantity of protein (19.80%) and oil (12.93%). Genotypes H 1478 and F2522 were best in terms of seed quality as seed of these genotypes contained more than 20% and 15% protein and oil content respectively, with less gossypol (0.19%) content.  Such genotypes can be exploited further as a good nutrient source for the ruminants.
Human Comedy in Wole Soyinka’s Jero’s metamorphosis: A Pragmatic Analysis
Authors: Koussouhon Léonard A. , Guézohouèzon Moustafa
Published: August 2016

Falsity has turned the best-seller commodity rampantly symptomatic of interpersonal relations within/between most contemporary African nations. Roughly everybody strives adamantly for somebody to lull, betray and suckle to the bone. Combating such insidious victimization has long remained part of most African writers’ concerns. Unfortunately, the latter’s endeavours seem to go misfiring insomuch as the fact keeps steadily worsening. Thence comes to be spurred the rationale sustaining this article, the leading hypothesis of which is: most readers don’t grab the intrinsic intent and philosophy lurking behind the allegorical language of literature. Accordingly, our objective is to accompany readers to more successfully decipher Soyinka’s works so as to make his societal mission more operational. So, our work leans on the principles and methods of pragmatics to analyze an excerpt from the target play. Findings reveal that Soyinka is an alert satirist who makes fun of social maladies while indirectly urging for wiping them away from the human psyche.
Comparative Risk Return Analysis of Bombay Stock Market with Selected Banking Stocks in India
Authors: Patjoshi Pramod Kumar
Published: August 2016

The stock markets in India are contributing an enormous extent in progress of the economy. The banking sector engages major share among other sectors in Indian stock trading scenario. The study examines the correlation between risk and return of the Sensex and banking stocks of BSE 30 (Sensex). India’s one of the superior stock exchange i.e. Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). In this study different Sensex and banking stock indices have been used to examine the risk return trade off of Sensex with that of HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank and SBI. The study is based on secondary data. The data for the analysis has taken from the BSE website over a period of 15 years from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2015. In this analysis for testing the presence or absence of risk return trade off  in the Indian equity markets and for testing hypothesis, different methods like correlation, regression, descriptive statistics and t test have been employed.
Profiling of the candidates: A Study of Recruitment and Selection Practices in A&B Technology Services
Authors: Sahoo Chandrakanta
Published: August 2016

The present research paper discussed the recruitment and selection practices of A & B Technology Services (the name of the company is disguised for competitive and commercial reasons). The company has a HR policy of recruiting candidates both from internal sources. But the research work focuses on the profiling of candidates through external source only. The technique is used for candidate profiling is yield ratio.  Since, it’s technology service company, it recruits technocrats having expertize in software. The candidates’ resumes are sourced from the job portals like Naukri, Monster, Linkedin etc. processes through different phases up-to the final selection. 
The Forecasting Power of the Volatility Index: Evidence from the Indian Stock Market
Authors: Bahadur G. C. Surya , Kothari Ranjana
Published: August 2016

Stock market volatility is a measure of risk in investment and it plays a key role in securities pricing and risk management. The paper empirically analyzes the relationship between India VIX and volatility in Indian stock market. India VIX is a measure of implied volatility which reflects markets’ expectation of future short-term stock market volatility. It is a volatility index based on the index option prices of Nifty. The study is based on time series data comprising of daily closing values of CNX Nifty 50 index comprising of 1656 observations from March 2009 to December 2015. The results of the study reveal that India VIX has predictive power for future short-term stock market volatility. It has higher forecasting ability for upward stock market movements as compared to downward movements. Therefore, it is more a bullish indicator. Moreover, the accuracy of forecasts provided by India VIX is higher for low magnitude future price changes relative to higher stock price movements. The current value of India VIX is found to be affected by past period volatility up to one month and it has forecasting ability for next one-month’s volatility which means the volatility in the Indian stock markets can be forecasted for up to 60 days period. 
Forty-three-Year Follow-up of Salvage Knee Reconstruction Using the Patella to Replace Lost Tibial Articular Surface
Authors: Scully Thomas J.
Published: August 2016

Case:

A 19-year-old soldier presented with sudden onset of left knee pain and giving-way while running. Evaluation showed a pathologic fracture through a radiolucent lesion of the tibial metaphysis. Excision of a giant cell tumor of bone entailed removal of much of the lateral tibial articular surface. The joint surface was replaced by transposition of the patella, which was transfixed in position with an ASIF (Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) condylar blade plate. This technique resulted in satisfactory knee function that has persisted for 43 years.

Conclusion:

When excision of a tumor of the tibia results in removal of a substantial portion of the articular surface, the defect can be replaced by transposition of the patella to provide long-lasting satisfactory knee function.
Fertilizer Nitrogen Recovery Efficiency of Furrow‐Irrigated Corn
Authors: Roberts Trenton L. , Slaton Nathan A. , Kelley Jason P. , Greub Chester E. , Fulford Anthony M.
Published: August 2016

Corn (Zea mays L.) yield under irrigated production systems is influenced by N rate and timing of application. This study was conducted to determine how current N application strategies (two‐way vs. three‐way split application) and N rate (optimal vs. suboptimal) influence fertilizer‐nitrogen recovery efficiency (FNRE) for furrow‐irrigated corn production in the mid‐South. The effects of N rate and application timing on corn FNRE were investigated in Rohwer, AR, on a Herbert silt loam (fine‐silty, mixed, active, thermic Aeric Epiaqualf). Corn grain yield and total‐N uptake were both influenced by the interaction of N treatment and year (p < 0.0001). Corn grain yields were maximized when an optimal‐N rate of 235 kg N ha−1 was applied in a two‐way split application with 50 kg N ha−1 pre‐plant and 185 kg N ha−1 sidedressed at the V6 stage. The ANOVA for FNRE indicated that N treatment was the only significant factor (p < 0.0001) and varied based on N rate and time of application. The lowest FNRE was 61% and occurred when 50 kg N ha−1 was applied pre‐plant. The highest overall FNRE was 91% when 50 kg N ha−1 was applied pre‐tassel in the suboptimal‐N rate treatment. The FNRE of N sidedressed at V6 ranged from 81 to 91% and was influenced by N rate with the suboptimal‐N rate treatments tending to have significantly higher FNRE values. The results presented in this paper highlight the high FNRE that can be achieved in furrow‐irrigated corn production.

Core Ideas

Fertilizer N recovery efficiency ranged from 61 to 91%.

Fertilizer N recovery efficiency influenced by rate and application timing.

High fertilizer N recovery efficiency can be achieved in irrgated corn production systems.
Limited Irrigation for Sweet Corn Planted at Different Dates on Claypan Soil
Authors: Sweeney Daniel W. , Kirkham M.B. , Marr Charles W.
Published: August 2016

Irrigation sources in the claypan soil areas of the eastern Great Plains are limited, but supplemental irrigation at certain growth stages may help lessen crop stress. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of critically timed, limited‐amount irrigation on yield and growth of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) planted at two dates with different levels of N fertilization. During the three years of this study, planting date influenced both the total number and total fresh weight of harvested sweet corn, but the effect of early and late plantings was not consistent. Early plantings resulted in up to 65% more harvested ears, nearly twice the total fresh weight yields, and increased number of ears/plant and individual ear weight, especially when plantings were delayed in one year because of inclement weather conditions. But early plantings also can result in lower production when rainfall is great and temperatures are cool. Although irrigation at the V12 and R1 growth stages was found to improve sweet corn yield by as much as 30% over no irrigation, especially when planted late, droughty conditions were not prevalent at the site used in this study and the benefit was sporadic with few differences between irrigation timings. On this site, N fertilization rates had little effect on sweet corn production. Growth of sweet corn was mainly affected by planting date, but dry matter produced during the season was not a consistent indicator of yield.
Continuous Monitoring of the Vadose Zone Gas Phase by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Guillon S. , Gréau C. , Pili E.
Published: August 2016

Core Ideas

Continuous monitoring of vadose gases was performed with a process mass spectrometer.

Large spatial and temporal variability was observed for reactive and inert gases.

Gas dynamics were controlled by water fluxes, O2 depletion, and diffusion.

Long‐term continuous measurements of gas concentrations in the vadose zone are required to identify gas transport processes. A magnetic sector mass spectrometer, originally developed for industrial process monitoring, was deployed in the field, and its performance was assessed for continuous monitoring of vadose zone gases. This instrument allows unattended concentration measurements of a large number of gas species without any purification. With a detection limit on the order of 10 nL L−1, it allows determination of trace gases such as Kr and Xe isotopes at their natural atmospheric abundances. Good precision and accuracy were obtained for major, minor, and trace gases with a daily calibration. Continuous monitoring of vadose zone gases for 6 mo in two boreholes at various depths at the Roselend Natural Laboratory (French Alps) showed strong spatial and temporal variability of gas concentrations, not only O2 and CO2 but also inert gases. Such time series allow determination of transport processes and interactions between water and gas fluxes in the vadose zone.
Effect of Microwave Sintering on Electrical Properties of Sr-deficient and Bi-rich Strontium Bismuth Niobate (Sr0.8Bi2.2Nb2O9) Ferroelectric Ceramic
Authors: SINGH RAJVEER , Luthra Vandna , Tandon Ram Pal
Published: August 2016

Nonstoichiometric strontium bismuth niobate (Sr0.8Bi2.2Nb2O9: SBN) ceramic was prepared using conventional solid-state reaction and microwave sintering methods. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) has been used to investigate the intra and intergranular contribution to the impedance SBN ceramics as a function of temperature and frequency. Complex impedance Cole‑Cole plots were used to interpret the relaxation mechanism in SBN ceramic which showed a non-Debye relaxation. The grain and grain boundary contribution to conductivity have been estimated from the Cole‑Cole plots. The bulk (grain) resistance of both samples was found to decrease with rise in temperature indicating negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) type behavior like that of semiconductors. The microwave sintered SBN was found to have low value of bulk resistance indicating more increase in conductivity as compared to conventionally sintered SBN. The temperature dependence of the relaxation time was found to obey the Arrhenius law. Studies of electrical modulus show the presence of hoping conduction mechanism in SBN.
Application of Fenton oxidation to reduce the toxicity of mixed parabens
Authors: Martins Rui C. , Gmurek Marta , Rossi André F. , Corceiro Vanessa , Costa Raquel , Quinta-Ferreira M. Emília , Ledakowicz Stanislaw , Quinta-Ferreira Rosa M.
Published: August 2016

The aims of the present work were to assess the application of a chemical process to degrade a mixture of parabens and determine the influence of a natural river water matrix on toxicity. Model effluents containing either a single compound, namely methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben or p-hydroxybenzoic acid, or to mimic realistic conditions a mixture of the six compounds was used. Fenton process was applied to reduce the organic charge and toxic properties of the model effluents. The efficiency of the decontamination has been investigated using a chemical as well as a toxicological approach. The potential reduction of the effluents' toxicity after Fenton treatment was evaluated by assessing (i) Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition, (ii) lethal effects amongst freshwater Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea), and (iii) the impact on mammalian neuronal activity using brain slices. From the environmental point of view such a broad toxicity analysis has been performed for the first time. The results indicate that Fenton reaction is an effective method for the reduction of chemical oxygen demand of a mixture of parabens and their toxicity to V. fischeri and C. fluminea. However, no important differences were found between raw and treated samples in regard to mammalian neuronal activity.
Sediment deposit thickness and its effect on critical velocity for incipient motion
Authors: Bong C. H. J. , Lau T. L. , Ab. Ghani A. , Chan N. W.
Published: August 2016

The understanding of how the sediment deposit thickness influences the incipient motion characteristic is still lacking in the literature. Hence, the current study aims to determine the effect of sediment deposition thickness on the critical velocity for incipient motion. An incipient motion experiment was conducted in a rigid boundary rectangular flume of 0.6 m width with varying sediment deposition thickness. Findings from the experiment revealed that the densimetric Froude number has a logarithmic relationship with both the thickness ratios ts/d and ts/y0 (ts: sediment deposit thickness; d: grain size; y0: normal flow depth). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using the data from the current study to develop a new critical velocity equation by incorporating thickness ratios into the equation. The new equation can be used to predict critical velocity for incipient motion for both loose and rigid boundary conditions. The new critical velocity equation is an attempt toward unifying the equations for both rigid and loose boundary conditions.