bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progress and Opportunities in Computational Modeling of Localized Corrosion
Authors: Miao Yuanyang , Lv Shengli , Srivatsan T. S. , Gao Xiaosheng
Published: July 2023

Corrosion can lead to mechanical damage near the material surface and reduce the material’s strength. It is essential to understand and simulate corrosion damage evolution for predicting the residual service life of engineering structure, reliability analysis, and corrosion-resistant design of materials. Several major novel corrosion simulation methods in the past 10 y are mainly introduced: cellular automata method, finite element method, phase field model, and peridynamics model. The computational modeling of localized corrosion is discussed and the advantages and disadvantages are compared. Finally, some difficulties in practical engineering applications such as dynamic interface tracking, multiscale and multiphysical field corrosion simulation, and standardization of corrosion simulation are proposed, and the future investigation direction is explored. With the rapid development of software science and computer technology, the operation speed and accuracy of numerical simulation will be greatly improved. The application advantages of numerical simulation in the field of corrosion will be more prominent.
Advanced Algorithms to Predict Time-Dependent Atmospheric Corrosion Wastage of Low-Alloy and High-Strength Steels Based on Chemical Compositions
Authors: Zhang Yuelin , Zheng Ruyan
Published: July 2023

The mathematical relationship between corrosion degree and time is referred to as a corrosion model. Existing corrosion models can only be used to predict the corrosion wastage of a certain material based on its available historical corrosion data, but the corrosion wastage of newer steel grades cannot be obtained if the data are not available. To solve this problem, two advanced algorithms, i.e., generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and optimizing grey model (OGM (1, N)), are introduced, based on which corrosion models can be obtained for steel classes even in the absence of historical corrosion data, as long as the chemical compositions of the material are known. First, the theoretical basis and operational procedures of GRNN and OGM (1, N) are introduced. Grey relational analysis of corrosion wastage influencing factors is subsequently conducted. Last, the time-dependent atmospheric corrosion wastages of Q345 and Q460 steels, two typical structural steel grades but their corrosion models have not been well established, are predicted based on their chemical compositions by these two advanced algorithms. The results show that the main chemical compositions that influence the atmospheric corrosion wastage of steels are C and S. Both GRNN and OGM (1, N) can accurately predict the corrosion wastage of the steels, and the predicted results can be fitted by quadratic function or power function, where the goodness of fit is greater than 0.95, which indicates a high fitting accuracy.
„Bei Infrastrukturbauwerken kommt man um Beton nicht herum“
Authors: Urbansky Frank
Published: July 2023

Interview mit Prof. Frank Dehn, Institutsleiter am Institut für Massivbau und Baustofftechnologie, Baustoffe und Betonbau am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) zum Thema Recycling und Nachhaltigkeit im Baugewerbe
„Der gesamte Markt wird größer“
Authors: Himberg Mathias
Published: July 2023

Warum ist der Onlinehandel in Südkorea so stark? Wie weit ist er technisch? Und was können deutsche Händler von ihm lernen? Justin Choi, der Chief Commerce Officer des Lebensmittel-Spezialisten Kurly, gibt Antworten.
Effect of Integrated Financial Management Information Revenue Systems on Financial Management in County Governments, Kenya
Authors: Iravonga Amgun Jensen , Ngala Consolata , Alala Benedict Ondiek , Maingi Muli
Published: July 2023

There have been significant improvements in Kenya's legal and institutional frameworks for public finance management (PFM) during the last six years, but the country's public finance management domain is still facing several problems that are at odds with sound PFM practices. The researchers set out to learn how much of an impact the Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) had on county governments' use of Financial Management in Kenya. The research set out to determine how the IFMIS revenue system has influenced financial management in Kenya's county administrations. Descriptive and causal research methods were used. A total of 302 workers from the Treasury Departments of the County Governments of Kakamega, Busia, Vihiga, Trans Nzoia, and Bungoma were surveyed. This included 44 Procurement officers, 46 internal auditors, 89 Accountants, 87 Finance officers, and 42 Revenue officers. The 172 participants were chosen by stratified random selection. Questionnaires were used to gather the primary data. Content and construct validity were established via the pilot research, and reliability was calculated using the Cronbach Alpha statistic. Data was summarized using frequencies, means, standard deviations, and percentages using descriptive analysis, while correlation and multiple linear regression were employed using SPSS 26.0 for inferential analysis. At the 5% threshold of significance, hypotheses were examined. Models were developed and data was tabulated. The results showed that the County Governments in Western Kenya's financial management varied greatly (R2 = 0.443, P 0.0001) depending on the revenue method they used. At a significance threshold of P<0.05, the regression coefficient for IFMIS revenue system was 0.670, indicating that a one-unit shift in the IFMIS revenue system would lead to a 0.670-unit shift in financial management in the County governments in Western Kenya. Therefore, the research indicated that the IFMIS revenue system had a considerable impact on the budgetary practices of Kenya's county governments. To guarantee sustainable accomplishment and effective service delivery to the communities, the report suggests that county governments ought to digitize all tax collecting platforms.
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives
Authors: Luarte Thais , Gómez-Aburto Victoria A. , Poblete-Castro Ignacio , Castro-Nallar Eduardo , Huneeus Nicolas , Molina-Montenegro Marco , Egas Claudia , Azcune Germán , Pérez-Parada Andrés , Lohmann Rainier , Bohlin-Nizzetto Pernilla , Dachs Jordi , Bengtson-Nash Susan , Chiang Gustavo , Pozo Karla , Galbán-Malagón Cristóbal J.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are synthetic compounds that were
intentionally produced in large quantities and have been distributed in the
global environment, originating a threat due to their persistence,
bioaccumulative potential, and toxicity. POPs reach the Antarctic continent
through long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT). In these areas, low temperatures play a significant role in the environmental fate of POPs, retaining them for a long time due to cold trapping by diffusion and wet deposition, acting as a net sink for many POPs. However, in the current context of climate change, the remobilization of POPs that were trapped in water, ice, and soil for decades is happening. Therefore, continuous monitoring of POPs in polar air is necessary to assess whether there is a recent re-release of historical pollutants back to the environment. We reviewed the scientific literature on atmospheric levels of several POP families (polychlorinated biphenyls – PCBs, hexachlorobenzene – HCB, hexachlorocyclohexanes – HCHs, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane – DDT) from 1980 to 2021. We estimated the atmospheric half-life using characteristic decreasing times (TD). We observed that HCB levels in the Antarctic atmosphere were higher than the other target organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), but HCB also displayed higher fluctuations and did not show a significant decrease over time. Conversely, the atmospheric levels of HCHs, some DDTs, and PCBs have decreased significantly. The estimated atmospheric half-lives for POPs decreased in the following order: 4,4' DDE (13.5 years) > 4,4' DDD (12.8 years) > 4,4' DDT (7.4 years) > 2,4' DDE (6.4 years) > 2,4' DDT (6.3 years) > α-HCH (6 years) > HCB (6 years) > γ-HCH (4.2 years). For PCB congeners, they decreased in the following order: PCB 153 (7.6 years) > PCB 138 (6.5 years) > PCB 101 (4.7 years) > PCB 180 (4.6 years) > PCB 28 (4 years) > PCB 52 (3.7 years) > PCB 118 (3.6 years). For HCH isomers and PCBs, the Stockholm Convention (SC) ban on POPs did have an impact on decreasing their levels during the last decades. Nevertheless, their ubiquity in the Antarctic atmosphere shows the problematic issues related to highly persistent synthetic chemicals.
Optimizing maximum carboxylation rate for North America’s boreal forests in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including Biogeochemical Cycles (CLASSIC) v.1.3
Authors: Qu Bo , Roy Alexandre , Melton Joe R. , Baltzer Jennifer L. , Ryu Youngryel , Detto Matteo , Sonnentag Oliver
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) is an important parameter for the coupled simulation of gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) such as the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including biogeochemical Cycles (CLASSIC). Observations of Vcmax show it to vary both spatially and temporally, but it is often prescribed as constant in time and space for plant functional types (PFTs) in TBMs, which introduces large errors over North America’s boreal biome. To reduce this uncertainty, we used a Bayesian algorithm to optimize Vcmax25 (Vcmax at 25 °C) in CLASSIC against eddy covariance observations at eight mature boreal forest stands in North America for six representative PFTs (two trees, two shrubs, and two herbs). As expected, the simulated GPP and ET using the optimized parameters generally obtained reduced root mean square deviation values compared with eddy covariance observations and corresponding stand-level estimates obtained from gridded global data products. The optimized Vcmax25 values for each PFT compared reasonably well with reported estimates derived from leaf-level gas exchange measurements. However, a large spatial variability of Vcmax25 was identified, especially for the shrub and herb PFTs. We found that the site characteristics, particularly latitude for the shrub PFTs and air temperature for evergreen needleleaf tree, explained much of the spatial variability, providing a basis to improve Vcmax25 parameterizations in TBMs at regional scales.
Session 1 (Part 2) - Engineering Stomatal Development
Authors: Gray Julie
Published: July 2023

Stomata underpin crop productivity by allowing carbon dioxide to enter leaves and water vapour to exit via transpiration. They open in the light for photosynthesis, and close in the dark or on dehydration. The identification of signalling peptides that regulate stomatal development in Arabidopsis has led to the manipulation of stomatal conductance in crop species; barley, wheat and rice plants have been produced with abnormally low stomatal densities. These modified crops have substantially lower levels of water loss and show enhanced drought tolerance. They require less water to grow, and yet maintain seed yields. For example, rice seedlings with approximately half the usual number of stomata, use only 60% of the normal amount of water, are better able to survive drought, and still yield well. Optimisation and adoption of this technology could enhance yields under stressful conditions, reduce agricultural water requirements, help to mitigate the impacts of climate change on food security, and reduce future GHG emissions.
Pengaruh Review Produk Dan Content Marketing Pada Aplikasi Tiktok Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Generasi Z
Authors: Oktaviani Desy , Haliza Nur
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh review produk dan content marketing terhadap keputusan pembelian generasi z di aplikasi tiktok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif verifikatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 responden. 100 responden didapatkan dengan menggunakan rumus lemeshow karena jumlah populasi tidak diketahui secara pasti. Teknik pengambbilan sampel menggunakan Teknik non-probabillity sampling dengan jenis penarikan purposive sampling dengan kriteria generasi z yang menggunakan aplkasi tiktok lebih dari satu bulan. Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sofware SPSS versi 26 for windows. Pertama menguji kuesioner dengan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas, analisis deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa adanya pengaruh review produk terhadap keputusan pembelian generasi z. Content marketing berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian. Serta review produk dan content marketing berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian generasi z.
The therapeutic use of art as a form of nonpharmacological treatment for those living with a dementia diagnosis
Authors: Peake Natalie Florence May
Published: July 2023

The therapeutic use of art has been acknowledged as an effective nonpharmacological intervention for those living with a dementia diagnosis, with a vast array of mental health benefits. However, despite these benefits, nonpharmacological interventions are widely underused in favour of pharmacological treatments for the management of mental health and cognitive difficulties following a diagnosis of dementia in older people’s services. Case studies detailing three artistic interventions that were carried out as part of each service user’s treatment from an older people’s service in North Cumbria are discussed to demonstrate the therapeutic use of art following a dementia diagnosis, and to share the clinical observations and improvements on Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores achieved within each intervention. These interventions suggest support for existing literature and aim to encourage other healthcare professionals to use person-centred, nonpharmacological interventions in the management of cognitive and mental health difficulties in later life following a dementia diagnosis.
Teaching older people new tricks: Tackling digital exclusion in Post-Covid service provision
Authors: Morris Jonathan , Allen Chris
Published: July 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic necessitated a shift in service delivery, replacing face-to-face therapy with telephone and technology-based approaches. However, this transition left many older adults without the necessary equipment and unfamiliar with digital platforms, resulting in digital exclusion. To bridge this gap, our older people’s mental health service loaned mobile SIM-enabled tablets, adapted for ease of use, to those lacking internet access. With comprehensive training and support, even individuals with no prior experience successfully engaged with the devices, challenging ageist beliefs. As information technology becomes the new norm for health services, it is essential to equip, adapt, train, and support older people to counter digital exclusion.
‘Is there anything I can do to train my memory?’ The rationale and evidence behind cognitive training as an intervention to promote healthy ageing
Authors: Crabtree Anna
Published: July 2023

As clinical psychologists working with older adults, we are all likely familiar with the above question, both in memory services and those who do not have a diagnosed cognitive problem. In the context of an ageing population, much research has been focused on the development of cognitive training as an intervention to promote healthy ageing. Defining what it means to age healthily, however, can be problematic, particularly given the heterogeneity evidenced in studies of normative cognitive functioning in older people. Furthermore, although different cognitive training methods appear to have face value, the evidence base for the effectiveness of cognitive training is mixed, and has, to date, provided conflicting results. This article discusses the findings of major research studies in this area, and possible future directions of research are considered.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ХМАРНИХ ОБЧИСЛЕНЬ ТА ДИНАМІКА ЇХ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: ЛЕМЕШКО Андрій Вікторович , АНТОНЕНКО Артем Васильович , СЛЮСАР Віталій Олександрович , БАХУРИНСЬКИЙ Дмитро Вадимович , КУЦЕНКО Микита Олександрович
Published: July 2023

Хмарні обчислення розглядаються як технологія наступного покоління. Це веб-технологія, за допомогою якої користувачам надаються якісні послуги, включаючи дані та програмне забезпечення, на віддалених серверах. Хмарні обчислення схожі на аутсорсинг даних, оскільки зовнішній постачальник надає клієнту послуги зберігання даних. При цьому клієнти отримують хороший результат, без великих витрат на обладнання та програмування для зберігання інформації. Хмарні обчислення усувають необхідність мати повну інфраструктуру програмного та апаратного забезпечення для задоволення вимог клієнтів і додатків.         

Цей вид технології  можна розглядати як повний або неповний аутсорсинг апаратних і програмних ресурсів. Для доступу до хмарних програм потрібне швидке підключення до інтернету та стандартний Інтернет-браузер. Хмарна технологія пропонує масштабований доступ за запитом до спільного пулу ресурсів, розміщених у центрі обробки даних на сайті провайдера.
Suicide Among Young People in Ukraine and Estonia: Interdisciplinary Study of the Problem in the System of Legal Relations "Doctor-Patient-Pharmacist-Lawyer"
Authors: Shapovalov Valentyn
Published: July 2023

The study presents an interdisciplinary study focusing on the critical issue of suicide among young people in two European countries, Ukraine, and Estonia. The research aims to shed light on the multifaceted nature of the problem by exploring the complex interactions within the system of legal relations involving the key stakeholders: doctors, patients, pharmacists, and lawyers. Suicide rates among young individuals have reached alarming levels in Ukraine and Estonia, highlighting the urgency of addressing the problem comprehensively. To investigate this issue, an interdisciplinary approach is adopted, drawing from the fields of medicine, psychology, pharmacy, and law. The first aspect of the study examines the role of healthcare professionals, particularly doctors, in identifying and managing mental health concerns in young patients. The second dimension explores the involvement of pharmacists in dispensing medications, particularly those related to mental health, and the critical role they play in ensuring patient safety. The third perspective delves into the legal framework surrounding mental health care and suicide prevention in both countries. The study analyzes the existing laws and regulations, as well as potential gaps in the legal system that may hinder effective interventions. Additionally, the role of lawyers in advocating for better mental health policies and legislation is examined. By integrating insights from the medical, pharmaceutical, and legal fields, this research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to the rise of suicide rates among young people in Ukraine and Estonia. The findings are intended to inform policymakers, healthcare providers, pharmacists, and legal professionals to collaboratively develop effective strategies for suicide prevention and mental health support. In conclusion, this interdisciplinary study underscores the urgency of addressing the issue of suicide among young people in Ukraine and Estonia through an integrated approach.
الأسمدة النيتروجينية العضوية والمعدنية على محصول البصل وجودته
Authors: القزيري موسى أمحمد , الجارح الجارح محمد
Published: July 2023

أجريت تجربتان حقليتان خلال الموسم الزراعي لأعوام 2006 و2007 في مزرعة قسم البستنة بكلية الزراعة– جامعة عمر المختار بالبيضاء، بهدف دراسة تأثير أربعة مستويات من النيتروجين( 0، 50، 75، 100 كجم N / هـ) وأربعة مستويات من سماد الدواجن( 0، 7، 14، 21 طن / هـ) على المحصول الكلي للبصل ومكونات المحصول بالإضافة إلى محتوى الأبصال لبعض العناصر المعدنية( K , P , N ). وقد صممت التجربتان على أساس نظام القطع المنشقة مرة واحدة باستخدام تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة بثلاثة مكررات. أشتملت التجربة على ستة عشر معاملة عاملية تمثل جميع التوليفات الممكنة بين المستويات المختبرة لعاملي الدراسة. تم توزيع مستويات النيتروجين والسماد العضوي عشوائياً في كل مكرره، على القطع الرئيسية والثانوية، على التوالي. ويمكن تلخيص النتائج المتحصل عليها في النقاط التالية : أدت الزيادة التدريجية في المعدلات المضافة من النيتروجين حتى 100 كجم N / هـ إلى زيادات معنوية في المحصول الكلي من الأبصال وكل من الوزن الرطب والجاف وقطر وارتفاع البصلة، بالإضافة إلى زيادة محتواها من النيتروجين والفوسفور والبوتاسيوم. أدت الزيادة المضطردة في المعدلات المضافة من سماد الدواجن حتى 21 طن / هـ إلى زيادات معنوية في المحصول الكلي من الأبصال والصفات المحصولية الأخرى، بالإضافة إلى محتوى الأبصال من النيتروجين والفوسفور والبوتاسيوم. أعطت المعاملة العاملية المشتملة على التسميد بالنيتروجين بمعدل 100 كجم N / هـ مع التسميد العضوي بسماد الدواجن بمعدل 21 طن / هـ، أعلى زيادة معنوية في المحصول الكلي من الأبصال والوزن الرطب والجاف للبصلة وقطر وصلابة البصلة. وعلى ذلك يمكن اعتبار هذه المعاملة العاملية هي المعاملة الملائمة والاقتصادية والتي تحقق أعلى إنتاجية من الأبصال بمواصفات جودة عالية، تحت الظروف البيئية السائدة في مدينة البيضاء بالجبل الأخضر أوالمناطق المشابه الأخرى.
A kísérletező játékosság jelentősége az óvodapedagógusok képzőművészeti oktatásában
Authors: Baráth Nóra
Published: July 2023

A kísérletező, játékos felfedezések, a több érzékszervet megszólító nyitott kezdeményezésmódok, az élményt adó eszközhasználati próbálgatások fontos szerephez jutnak a vizuális nyelv óvodai elsajátításában. Az alábbi cikkben a gyermeki vizuális megismerés és a felnőtt világ látásmódjának eltéréseiből adódó problémákkal foglalkozom. E különbségeket óvodapedagógus hallgatókkal a képzőművészeti stúdiumok keretében tártuk fel. A hallgatók játékos formában különböző festésmódokkal kísérleteztek a közös alkotófolyamat során.
How effective are health awareness campaigns in India among young citizens?
Authors: Gupta Shibaji , Chakraborty Arup , Biswas Rahul , Baur Baijayanti , Banerjee Rudradeep
Published: July 2023

Background: COVID-resurgence has been seen of late in 2022. A country’s success against pandemics like COVID-19 depends largely on the health behavior of public, which is a function of health education.

Aims and Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of such health campaigns that raises this vital awareness among undergraduate students.

Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire was circulated among non-medical students and student groups of colleges based in Kolkata city (India), to assess their preparedness through their awareness and preventive practice adopted against COVID-19.

Results: Mass media (85.3%) and social media (83.2%) were important sources of vital information. Fever (96.0%) was the most common symptom known, 95.9% aware about human-to-human transmission. 59.4% knew face masks were protective, while 40.2% held a 6-feet social distancing was effective. 82.2% said handwashing for 20 s or more with soap and 86.2% held that hand-rubs with 70% alcohol were helpful in disease prevention. 23.9% resorted to over-the-counter medications to prevent the disease, 43.2% used the Government’s “Aarogya Setu” mobile application. Participants from urban areas, higher socio-economic class, with elderly family member and who personally knew COVID-19 patient(s), tended to have adequate knowledge about the disease. However, many were not practicing adequate preventive measures.

Conclusion: Although most were aware about COVID-19, knowledge about the correct application of preventive measures was lacking. Grassroots healthcare workers may be used in the sensitization process, along with mass awareness campaigns. Using the goodwill of political and religious leaders to inculcate protective habits in the general people should also be considered.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Telkom 2 Medan Menggunakan Codeigniter
Authors: Satria Andy , Ramadhani Fanny , Sari Indah Purnama
Published: July 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang berfokus pada pembuatan sistem informasi berupa website untuk Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) di SMK Telkom 2 Medan. Pengabdian ini merupakan bagian dari implementasi salah satu tridharma perguruan tinggi, yaitu pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Dalam proyek ini, framework CodeIgniter, editor Visual Studio Code, dan manajemen basis data PhpMyAdmin digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi.
Metode pengembangan sistem melibatkan langkah-langkah seperti analisis kebutuhan, desain, implementasi, dan pengujian. Tim pengabdian terdiri dari tenaga ahli teknologi informasi dan guru SMK Telkom 2 Medan yang bekerja sama untuk menciptakan website PPDB yang efisien dan efektif.
Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah sebuah website PPDB yang terintegrasi dengan baik, memudahkan proses pendaftaran siswa baru, dan membantu sekolah dalam pengelolaan data siswa secara efisien. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi nyata kepada masyarakat dan pendidikan di SMK Telkom 2 Medan. Selain itu, pengalaman dalam pengembangan sistem informasi dengan teknologi terkini juga menjadi contoh dan inspirasi bagi perguruan tinggi dan sekolah lain dalam menjalankan tridharma perguruan tinggi, khususnya dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat.
Problemática jurídico social del cierre de minas en México
Authors: Tarango Rubén , Cobos Campos Amalia Patricia
Published: July 2023

Resumen:

El presente trabajo se centra en la problemática jurídico social que se genera cuando una mina suspende sus labores en México, ya sea por cierre o abandono, ello en virtud de que, si bien el legislador parece haber sido acucioso en la regulación de la minería, se ha centrado particularmente en otros aspectos tales como la exploración, preparación, extracción y procesamiento, dejando de lado los requerimientos legales para el cese de operaciones o cierre. La investigación parte de la hipótesis de la inexistencia de una apropiada regulación en este sentido cuyas repercusiones no son únicamente de orden jurídico sino también social y utiliza la hermenéutica y la epistemología jurídicas como métodos de investigación y, la revisión de literatura como técnica de apoyo, basando en consecuencia la conclusión que confirma la hipótesis planteada, en doctrina, legislación y jurisprudencia disponibles en este ámbito.

Abstract:

The present work focuses on the social legal issue that is updated when a mine suspends its work in Mexico, either by closure or abandonment, because, while the legislator appears to have been watery in mining regulation, it has focused particularly on other aspects such as exploration, preparation, extraction and processing, setting aside the legal requirements for cessation of operations or closure. The investigation starts from the hypothesis of the absence of appropriate regulation in this regard whose implications are not only legal but also social and uses legal hermeneutics and epistemology as methods of research and the review of literature as a supporting technique, thereby basing the conclusion that confirms the hypothesis raised, in doctrine, legislation and jurisprudence available in this area
Weather, Lockdown, and the Pandemic: Evidence from the Philippines
Authors: Pajaron Marjorie , Vasquez Glacer Niño
Published: July 2023

As the landscape of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, there is a need to better understand the factors that affected COVID-19 health outcomes using a more appropriate dataset and comprehensive variables. This paper constructs a novel daily provincial panel dataset (N = 14,507) during the nascent and important period of the pandemic (April–September 2020) to analyze both the socioeconomic (lockdowns or ECQ, mobility of individuals, health care capacity, and trends in transmission) and environmental factors (rainfall shocks, temperature in Celsius, average relative humidity, and wind speed) that affect COVID-19 health outcomes. A panel dataset is more apt than the other types of datasets since it addresses both spatial and time variations, as well as the time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity that, if ignored, would have resulted in biased estimates and findings. In addition, using a more complete list of explanatory variables could address omitted variable bias, which leads to proper identification and a more reliable set of findings that could aid the government in formulating optimal, multi-faceted, and timely policies for future health crises. Using fixed effects on panel data, our results, which are robust across the different lag structures and time periods used, are consistent with the existing literature with caveats. First, while ECQ is effective in stemming COVID-19 cases, it is ineffective in reducing COVID-19 deaths. Second, exogenous weather variables have heterogenous effects on COVID-19 health outcomes contingent on the period of analysis and the type of health outcome analyzed. Third, public behavior, which is only partially correlated with public policy (ECQ), matters in curtailing viral transmission. We conjecture that individuals voluntarily avoid infection for their own well-being, resulting in positive externalities, or they stay at home due to weather shocks.
Perceptions of Digital Education to Accelerate the Flow of Knowledge
Authors: Loučanová Erika , Kaputa Vladislav , Nosáľová Martina , Olšiaková Miriam
Published: July 2023

It is time when it is conceptually necessary to replace the growth of the economy with the growth of well-being. We mean the suppression of poverty, the careful use of natural resources, but also the effective use of human labour and time. The growth of society’s well-being requires the acquisition of skills and the development of the ability to learn and innovate. Increasing literacy, skills, and key competences requires a constant need for education, which naturally leads to lifelong learning. The paper deals with the perception of the use of digital education to accelerate the flow of knowledge within the framework of institutional growth and innovation development in Slovakia. The work evaluates the results of a survey focused on the use of digital education. The outcomes point to the advantages and disadvantages of digital education in the process of building knowledge and monitoring the clusters of information flows in digital education in Slovakia. Digital education is beneficial and necessary for education, but its effectiveness is conditioned by the professional approach of teachers, who would be able to evaluate the benefits of digital education within the flow of information for student education, which is equally conditioned by student activity.
RITUALES DE INCLUSIÓN: EN EL MARGEN DE INTEGRACIÓN ESCOLAR EN CÁRCELES. ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO EN ESCUELAS DE SANTIAGO Y VALPARAÍSO
Authors: Ibarra Osorio Francisca , Mandujano Bustamante Fernando
Published: July 2023

La inclusión educativa ha tomado especial relevancia en políticas públicas de Chile, una de sus principales respuestas son los programas de integración escolar (PIE) que buscan brindar y fortalecer los espacios educativos con recursos extras para quienes presenten necesidades educativas especiales. El acceso normado por el Decreto 170/2009. Esta investigación hace una descripción de ese proceso de inicio reciente, en un escenario extremo y complejo: la aplicación de los PIEs en la educación de personas jóvenes y adultas (EPJA), y además  en contexto de encierro. El problema del estudio fue conocer la experiencia de los equipos PIE que se desempeñan en esos escenarios educacionales en  las regiones de Valparaíso y Santiago. Se usó un diseño metodológico cualitativo basado en entrevistas en profundidad y una muestra dirigida.   Los resultados evidencian las tensiones personales, adecuaciones y distorsiones que deben realizar los profesionales para brindar la atención requerida, se ven fuertemente determinados por la falta de adecuación del decreto 170, el contexto de encierro carcelario, la política de financiación regida por el váucher y las falencias de formación y perfeccionamiento profesional ad-hoc.
Tradition of Basiacuong in Batu Belah, Kampar District, Kampar Regency
Authors: Apriyanti Viki , Sukenti Desi
Published: July 2023

Riau Malay culture is a culture with various traditions. One of them is the Basiacuong oral tradition in the bakampuong nemo event. The purpose of this research is to describe the structure, the literary genre, and the message contained in basiacuong bakampuong nemo in Batu Belah village. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive method. This research includes ethnographic research. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis with interviews and observations. The study results show that the first basiacuong structure is the opener. The second structure is content; this structure discusses the application and sign of application. The third structure is the closing which ends with the open cello, which means dissolving the event and going home. Furthermore, for the basiacuong genre in Bakampung Nemo, there are three types: the Traditional Expression genre with 20 data, the Parable genre with 14 data, and the Pantun genre with 8 data. Finally, the mandate contained in basiacuong bakampung nemo, namely that you should follow the example that was imposed by the link mamak and the people of the house because there is an attitude of respect and the way you look polite both in terms of answering and asking questions.
Ley para prevenir, sancionar y erradicar la violencia contra las mujeres e integrantes del grupo familiar en aplicación a la violencia al varón
Authors:   , García Pereyra Jhon Wilmer , Ochoa Chavarría Susen Arleth
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación titulada “Ley Para Prevenir, sancionar y erradicar la violencia contra las mujeres e integrantes del grupo familiar en aplicación a la violencia al varón, tuvo como objetivo principal determinar de qué manera la Ley para prevenir, sancionar y erradicar la violencia contra las mujeres e integrantes del grupo familiar, regula la violencia al varón, donde la problemática de investigación, tiene por fundamento, la necesidad de contar con una “Ficha de Valoración de Riesgo para Varones, víctima de violencia de pareja” En el marco metodológico, se empleó procedimientos propios de las investigaciones con enfoque cualitativa, de tipo básica o pura, de nivel descriptiva correlacional, el diseño de estudio fue no experimental, cuya muestra representativa de la población estuvo conformada por treinta denuncias de violencia hacia el varón, en la Comisaria La Pascana en el distrito de Comas, a quienes se aplicó la técnica de análisis documental y la observación (Fichas de Cotejo) que consistirá en obtener la información que se encuentra en las treinta denuncias por violencia hacia el varón que forman parte de la muestra, en el análisis de los datos se empleó el método hipotético deductivo. Los resultados del trabajo de investigación demuestran que, ante los casos de violencia familiar, las fichas de valoración de riesgo son una herramienta importante, permitiendo a los operadores de justicia, el dictado de Medidas de Protección, por lo cual también se debería aplicar del mismo modo al varón.
Innovative Use of the Pointillism Technique for the Production of Scrap Metal Mural Art of Kofi Annan for Environmental Sustainability
Authors:   Department of Painting and Sculpture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Baah Owusu Panin Kwame , Fening Peggy Ama ,   2Department of Industrial Art Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Agyei Isaac Kwabena ,   3Department of Industrial Art Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology;, Adom Dickson ,   4Department of Educational Innovations in Science and Technology; Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
Published: July 2023

Scrap metals have been an environmental nuisance blocking the pathways of water and leading to various forms of environmental pollution at Anloga in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. This scrap metal art project was aimed at creatively reusing and re-purposing scrap metals from various construction, dump sites and households for the creation of a metal artwork as a step in reviving scrap metal art for environmental sustainability. Over the years, murals have been made using various techniques in painting and sculpture. The studio-based research design that employs the qualitative descriptive method was used for this project. The project adopted the concept of pointillism whereby tiny dots in various pure colours are used in creating an artwork that is appreciated when viewed from a distance. We replicated this concept by representing the dots with metal domes from scrap metals in producing an innovative commemorative metal mural of the former UN General Secretary, Kofi Annan. The researchers employed participant observation and used photographs to collect the data by carefully studying the various scrap metals that were available for the project and by utilizing most metal working techniques. It was very necessary to carry on this project to revive scrap metal art in Ghana which is gradually dying out. The study revealed that recycling and melting of metal scraps should be done in kilns and furnaces rather than in open hearth processes for best results. The study recommends the exploration of other methods of doming in the future for much efficiency. Also, the study recommends the exploration of other fine art techniques and media using various scrap metals for artistic production.
Prediction of sea ice area based on the CEEMDAN-SO-BiLSTM model
Authors: Guo Qiao , Zhang Haoyu , Zhang Yuhao , Jiang Xuchu
Published: July 2023

This article proposes a combined prediction model based on a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network optimized by the snake optimizer (SO) under complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise. First, complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) was used to decompose the sea ice area time series data into a series of eigenmodes and perform noise reduction to enhance the stationarity and smoothness of the time series. Second, this article used a bidirectional long short-term memory neural network optimized by the snake optimizer to fully exploit the characteristics of each eigenmode of the time series to achieve the prediction of each. Finally, the predicted values of each mode are superimposed and reconstructed as the final prediction values. Our model achieves a good score of RMSE: 1.047, MAE: 0.815, and SMAPE: 3.938 on the test set.
Incidence and Characteristics in Children with Post–COVID-19 Condition in Sweden
Authors: Bygdell Maria , Kindblom Jenny M. , Martikainen Jari , Li Huiqi , Nyberg Fredrik
Published: July 2023

This cohort study of health data from 2 regions in Sweden examines incidence rates of post–COVID-19 among children and compares incidence rates by demographic and clinical characteristics.
Host–microbiome interactions in nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) deamidation
Authors: Kim Lynn‐Jee , Chalmers Timothy J. , Madawala Romanthi , Smith Greg C. , Li Catherine , Das Abhirup , Poon Eric Wing Keung , Wang Jun , Tucker Simon P. , Sinclair David A. , Quek Lake‐Ee , Wu Lindsay E.
Published: July 2023

The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a proposed therapy for age‐related disease, whereby it is assumed that NMN is incorporated into NAD+ through the canonical recycling pathway. During oral delivery, NMN is exposed to the gut microbiome, which could modify the NAD+ metabolome through enzyme activities not present in the mammalian host. We show that orally delivered NMN can undergo deamidation and incorporation in mammalian tissue via the de novo pathway, which is reduced in animals treated with antibiotics to ablate the gut microbiome. Antibiotics increased the availability of NAD+ metabolites, suggesting the microbiome could be in competition with the host for dietary NAD+ precursors. These findings highlight new interactions between NMN and the gut microbiome.
Carbon Nitride‐Based siRNA Vectors with Self‐Produced O2 Effects for Targeting Combination Therapy of Liver Fibrosis via HIF‐1α‐Mediated TGF‐β1/Smad Pathway
Authors: Liu Ming‐Xuan , Xu Li , Cai Yu‐Ting , Wang Ruo‐Jia , Gu Ying‐Ying , Liu Yan‐Chao , Zou Yu‐Jin , Zhao Yong‐Mei , Chen Jing , Zhang Xiao‐Ling
Published: July 2023

Hypoxia is an important feature, which can upregulate the hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) expression and promote the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), leading to liver fibrosis. Currently, effective treatment for liver fibrosis is extremely lacking. Herein, a safe and effective method is established to downregulate the expression of HIF‐1α in HSCs via targeted delivery of VA‐PEG‐modified CNs‐based nanosheets‐encapsulated (VA‐PEG‐CN@GQDs) HIF‐1α small interfering RNA (HIF‐1α‐siRNA). Due to the presence of lipase in the liver, the reversible release of siRNA can be promoted to complete the transfection process. Simultaneously, VA‐PEG‐CN@GQD nanosheets enable trigger the water splitting process to produce O2 under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation, thereby improving the hypoxic environment of the liver fibrosis site and maximizing the downregulation of HIF‐1α expression to improve the therapeutic effect, as demonstrated in liver fibrosis mice. Such combination therapy can inhibit the activation of HSCs via HIF‐1α‐mediated TGF‐β1/Smad pathway, achieving outstanding therapeutic effects in liver fibrosis mice. In conclusion, this study proposes a novel strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis by regulating the hypoxic environment and the expression of HIF‐1α at lesion site.
Ionic Density Control of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes via Postpolymerization Modification to Enhance Hole‐Blocking Property for Highly Efficient PLEDs with Fast Response Times
Authors: Yan Hao , Cong Shengyu , Daboczi Matyas , Limbu Saurav , Hamilton Iain , Kwon Sooncheol , Rapley Charlotte L. , Tahir Syuhada Mohd , Kerherve Gwilherm , Payne David , Heeney Martin , Kim Ji‐Seon
Published: July 2023

For an ideal electron interlayer, both electron injection and hole‐blocking properties are important to achieve better polymer light‐emitting devices (PLEDs) performance. Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are applied widely in PLEDs to enhance charge injection. Understanding the role of backbone structures and energetic matching between the CPEs and emitters can benefit charge injection and balance. Herein, a postpolymerization approach to introduce varying amounts of alkyl sulfonate groups onto the backbone of a copolymer of 5‐fluoro‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 9,9′‐dioctylfluorene is utilized. This study finds that device performance is dependent on the percentage of sulfonate groups incorporated, with the optimal copolymer (CPE‐50%) maintaining efficient ohmic electron injection and gaining enhanced hole‐blocking properties, thereby achieving the most balanced hole/electron current. Therefore, the PLED with CPE‐50% interlayer exhibits the highest efficiency (20.3 cd A−1, 20.2 lm W−1) and the fastest response time (4.3 µs), which is the highest efficiency among conventional thin (70 nm) F8BT PLEDs with CPEs. These results highlight the importance of balanced charge carrier density in CPEs and highlight that postpolymerization modification is a useful method for fine‐tuning ionic content.
Viologen Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationships for Redox Flow Battery Optimization
Authors: Sullivan Patrick T. , Liu Honghao , Lv Xiu‐Liang , Jin Song , Li Wenjie , Feng Dawei
Published: July 2023

Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) are an emerging technology for fire safe grid energy storage systems with sustainable material feedstocks. Yet, designing organic redox molecules with the desired solubility, viscosity, permeability, formal potential, kinetics, and stability while remaining synthetically scalable is challenging. Herein, the adaptability is demonstrated of a single‐step, high‐yield hydrothermal reaction for nine viologen chloride salts. New empirical insights are gleaned into fundamental structure–property relationships for multiobjective optimization. A new asymmetric Dex‐DiOH‐Vi derivative showcases an enhanced solubility of 2.7 m with minimal tradeoff in membrane permeability. With a record viologen cycling volumetric capacity (67 Ah L−1 anolyte theoretical), Dex‐DiOH‐Vi exhibits 14‐d of stable cycling performance in anolyte‐limiting AORFB with no crossover or chemical degradation. This work highlights the importance of designing efficient synthetic approaches of organic redox species for molecular engineering high‐performance flow battery electrolytes.
Constructing biocatalytic nanochannel membranes for unidirectional isomer conversion and separation
Authors: Liu Mei‐Ling , Hong Lan , Zhu Yueming , Epsztein Razi , Shi Ting , Sun Yuanxia , Xu Zhijun , Sun Shi‐Peng , Xing Weihong
Published: July 2023

Isomer conversion and separation are crucial in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. However, this process remains challenging due to the reversed conversion of isomers and their similar boiling points and kinetic diameters. Herein, an enzyme‐catalyzed nanochannel membrane with a hierarchical structure is fabricated for selective and directional isomeric conversion and separation. The enzyme is embedded in a confined polymer network that shows high stability and retains 95% of its initial activity after 50 reaction cycles. Studying the transport mechanisms between isomers through the membrane shows that the hierarchical layers of the membrane impose unequal energy barriers to the forward and backward transport of products, promoting unidirectional diffusion of products and interrupting the equilibrium of the isomerization reaction to increase the conversion rate by 43%. Overall, this work opens a new avenue for the design of biocatalytic nanochannel membranes and the directional production and in situ separation of isomers.
Phosphorus flow in production of soy protein concentrate and isolate from defatted soybean flour
Authors: Singh Shuchi , Singh Vijay
Published: July 2023

Implications of excess phosphorus (P) in waste streams obtained from soy‐based protein preparation processes on the environment and their potential utilization as P‐source are two significant understudied areas. Soybean‐based protein ingredients for food products retain comparatively enhanced functional properties and are cheaper than other plant‐based proteins. Soybean protein can be extracted and utilized as a food ingredient primarily by preparing soy protein concentrates (SPC) and soy protein isolates (SPI) from soybean meal/defatted soy flour (DSF). In a typical soybean processing facility, along with the soy products and soy‐protein preparations, the recovery of phosphorus as a coproduct will enhance the economic feasibility of the overall process as the recovered P can be used as fertilizer. In this study, the SPC and SPI were prepared from the DSF following widely used conventional protocols and P flow in these processes was tracked. In SPC production, ~59% of the total P was retained with SPC and ~34% was in the aqueous waste streams. For SPI process ~24% of total P was retained with SPI and ~59% went in the waste solid residue (~40%) and aqueous streams (~19%). About 80%–89% P removal from the waste aqueous streams was achieved by Ca‐phytate precipitation. This work demonstrated that in the process of SPC and SPI preparation the phosphorus from the waste aqueous streams can be precipitated out to avoid subsequent eutrophication and the waste solid residue with ~40% P can be reused as a P‐fertilizer as other applications of this residue are unspecified.