bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects of use of integrative indicators of computer processing of EEG in the structure of the express-analysis of neurocognitive status
Authors: Kipyatkov Nikita Yuryevich , Dutov Vladimir Borisovich
Published: February 2016

The aim of the present study was to determine the set of procedures that allows to assess most adequately the neurocognitive profile of a person in conditions of time shortage.The procedure that we have suggested included the registration of EEG with its subsequent computer processing. The study group included 152 adults with age ranging from 18 to 65 years who were undergoing occupational selection for professions demanding heightened attention. Processing of the fragments of EEG with the computer program WinEEG allowed to calculate the index and power spectrum in every frequency range. The results of the examination of 34 psychoneurological dispensary patients served as the control database.In study group EEGs recorded during the testing were visually evaluated as free from any paroxysmal or focal abnormal activity. Statistical processing of the data obtained in EEG computer analysis allowed to reveal which differences between the two data groups were statistically significant: the indices and spectrums of EEG power of the theta frequency range in all channels. The indices and spectrums of EEG power of the alpha frequency range were also significantly different in occipital and temporal channels. Computer analysis of EEG makes this method a promising approach for further development of rapid diagnostics of human mental state in psychophysiological screening tests. The proposed procedures may be useful for integrated rapid diagnostics of human mental state.
Erythroderma: the modern questions of diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Zaslavsky Denis Vladimirovich , Ravodin Roman Anatolievich , Tatarskaya Oksana Borisovna , Sidikov Akmal Abdikacharovich , Khvedelidze Mihail Georgievich
Published: February 2016

This article considers the modern approaches to terminology, classification, diagnosis, clinical manifestation and the treatment of the erythroderma. Authors touch upon questions about the meaning of the terminology “erythroderma”, with understanding pathogenesis, methods of making diagnosis and the treatment of the erythroderma.
Main stages of studying childhood infectious diseases
Authors: Likhtshangof Alexander Zinovievich
Published: February 2016

The article deals with the history of studying the most common childhood specific infectious diseases: measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, scarlet fever, mumps, chickenpox, and rubella. Similarities are clearly observed in the history of their study, so it was possible to distinguish four main phases according to reflection of the problem in medical literature, mainly scientists’ attention to one or another side of the pathological process, the discoveries made. 1) Since the first appearance of childhood infectious diseases in the medical literature until the mid XVI century: fragmentary references in the doctors’ writings and historical chronicles. 2) Mid XVI century - mid XIX century: due to a rise of the diseases incidence their empirical study started, many of them were described for the first time. While describing epidemics clinical and epidemiological features of diseases were specified. 3) Mid XIX century - mid XX century: the ethiopathogenesis of childhood infectious diseases was studied, their agents were found. These discoveries led to a break-through in the treatment (serums, antibacterials). 4) Period of mass vaccination against most childhood infectious diseases.
Development of microbiota in the large intestine of newborns depending on various delivery methods
Authors: Naboka Yuliya Lazarevna , Rymashevskiy Aleksandr Nikolayevich , Svirava Eteri Goneriyevna , Vasilyeva Larisa Ivanovna , Bragina Lidiya Yeliseyevna , Chernitskaya Marina Leonidovna , Dzhalagoniya Kseniya Teymurazovna
Published: February 2016

We have examined 96 conditionally healthy primigravidae and 96 newborns. Group 1 (n = 51): gravidae with normal course of preg-nancy and delivery, group 2 (n = 45): gravidae with normal course of pregnancy and deliveries by caesarian section (indications for the operation - severe myopia), group 3 (n = 51): newborns from gravidae of group 1, group 4 (n = 45): newborns from gravidae of group 2. Purpose: study of the development of microbiota in the large intestine of newborns depending on various delivery methods. Enterococcus sp. (58,2 %), S. epidermidis (55,7 %), Corynebacterium sp. (53,1 %), E. coli (41,7 %) dominated in meconium microbiota. By the day 5 in group 3 we registered more frequently (p < 0,05) Bifidobacterium sp., Corynebacterium sp., E. coli, in group 4 - Klebsiella sp. Independently from the delivery method, by day 5 we observed in the feces of newborns increased (р < 0,5) content of Bifidobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., E. coli, Enterococcus sp., and S. aureus.
Current diagnostics of the childhood urolithiasis
Authors: Emanuel Vladimir Leonidovich , Chukhlovin Aleksey Borisovich , Tretjak Anna Timofeevna , Vostokova Lubov Pavlovna , Sevostianova Maria Yurievna
Published: February 2016

The review considers diagnostic aspects of renal stone disease, or urolithiasis (UL) in children. Population prevalence and clinical features of pediatric UL are under discussion, along with most effective visualization approaches. Different risk factors of the kidney stone disease are considered, including various metabolic, climatic and ecological disorders, e. c., hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria, certain local microbial infections, such as Proteus mirabilis, Corynebacterium urealytica, Ureaplasma urealytica etc.) Some specific features of clinical symptomatology in childhood urolytiasis are also under consideration. Protective mechanisms of the local Tamm-Horsfall protein and high citrate production are discussed. This protein performs some antiinfectious functions, as well stabilizes a complex salt balance in the urine, thus increasing solubility threshold for the salts. We have noted that prevalence of the high-molecular-weight 28 MDa isoform of the Tamm-Horsfall protein over the 7-MDa form seems to be an important protective factor in potential development of urolytiasis. We mention here a number of rare genetic syndromes is listed which cause specific inherited disorders of calcium, hyperoxaluria, or uric acid salts accumulation. In summary, we postulate a need of individualized diagnostics of urinary metabolic markers in the UL patients, in order to arrange metaphylactic measures, in order to prevent recurrent formation of kidney stones and possible urolythiasis episodes in future.
Pope, interrupted. A qualitative study on memes, hashtags, and speech chains
Authors: Avelar Marcus Vinicius
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: This article investigates the reaction, on Twitter, to Pope Benedict XVI’s resignation announcement. Specifically, this is a qualitative study in linguistic anthropology of how memes and hashtags circulated on Twitter between the day of the announcement of said resignation and the Pope’s last day in office, and identifies the speech chains created by them. The analysis of the corpus showed that Twitter users' deployment of hashtags serves two purposes: on the one hand, it creates a topic/comment structure that is later reproduced, modified or abandoned by other users. On the other hand, hashtags function as performative acts that create online ad hoc communities. In addition, this article also claims that English and Romance-language users created and circulated image and text-based memes differently, thus establishing two language-based speech chains. In sum, this article contributes to discussions on informational flux on online platforms by demonstrating that said flux does have constraints, and that those constraints are related to language-based communities of practice.KEYWORDS: Twitter. Speech chains. Hashtags. Memes.  RESUMO: O presente trabalho investiga a reação, no Twitter, ao anúncio da renúncia do Papa Benedito XVI. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, em antropologia linguística, de como memes e hashtags circularam no Twitter entre o anúncio da renúncia e o último dia de trabalho do Papa, com o objetivo de identificar as cadeias de fala criadas por estes memes e hashtags. A análise do corpus mostrou que emprego de hashtags pelos usuários do Twitter serve a dois propósitos: por um lado, cria-se uma estrutura tópico-comentário que é, depois, reproduzida, modificada ou abandonada por outros usuários. Por outro lado, as hashtags funcionam como enunciados performativos que criam comunidades online. Ademais, o presente artigo também afirma que usuários de língua inglesa e de línguas românicas criaram e circularam memes baseados em imagens e textos de maneiras distintas, estabelecendo, consequentemente, duas cadeias de fala baseadas nas suas respectivas línguas. Em resumo, este artigo contribui para as discussões sobre o fluxo informacional em plataformas online, ao demonstrar que há restrições a esse fluxo e que tais restrições estão relacionadas às línguas das diferentes comunidades de prática.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Twitter. Cadeias de fala. Hashtags.Memes.
Educação a distância no Brasil: comentários e desafios pedagógicos no ensino superior
Authors: Camargo Pedro , Lamim-Guedes Valdir
Published: February 2016

RESUMO: O trabalho aqui apresentado se propõe a discutir os rumos da Educação a Distância (EaD) no ensino superior brasileiro, a refletir acerca de suas particularidades, do papel do professor, do tutor, do currículo e das plataformas virtuais ao longo desse processo, além, é claro, do papel do aluno, que deve ser (mas nem sempre é) o ator principal do processo educacional. Para tanto, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre esses temas, apresentando-se neste artigo a conclusão de que, para um curso em EaD ser bem sucedido, necessita-se principalmente do esforço e da dedicação de cada aluno, além da comunhão de todos os personagens envolvidos.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação a Distância (EaD). Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVA). Tutor. Professor.  ABSTRACT: The paper is proposing to discuss the future of the Distance Learning (ODL) in Brazilian college education. It reflects on the particularities of this, the role of teachers, tutors, curriculum and virtual platforms throughout its process. In addition, it also reflects about the students’ role, which should be the main actor on the educational process – but is not always like this. Therefore, we did a literature review on these topics. In conclusion, for a full success on a distance education course, it’s mainly required the effort and dedication of each student, besides the communion of all characters involved.KEYWORDS: Distance Learning (DL). Virtual Learning Environments (EVIDA). Tutor. Teacher.
Conocimientos tecnológicos y pedagógicos de profesores de español en el uso de las TIC: una fotografía telemática tomada en centros públicos de enseñanza básica del Distrito Federal de Brasil
Authors: Machado Vanderlei Padilha
Published: February 2016

RESUMEN: El presente artículo se propone comunicar el resultado del estudio llevado a cabo como parte de nuestra maestría en el marco del Máster en “Las TIC en Educación”, de la Universidad de Salamanca, en el año académico 2011/2012. El objetivo del estudio ha sido caracterizar el nivel de conocimiento tecnológico y pedagógico, la actitud hacia el uso de las TIC y el uso de las TIC por parte de profesores de Español como Lengua Extranjera (E/LE). Para tal fin, hemos diseñado un estudio descriptivo con una muestra de profesores de la red pública de enseñanza básica del Distrito Federal de Brasil. Para la recogida de datos ha sido elaborado un cuestionario específicamente para dicha investigación. Los resultados señalaron que había problemas contextuales de disponibilidad de recursos tecnológicos, alto volumen de trabajo, además, problemas relacionados con el nivel de formación en TIC del profesorado, los cuales dificultaban el uso adecuado y, consecuentemente, la integración de las TIC en la educación. Estimamos que se deberían considerar los resultados obtenidos en este estudio a la hora de planificar y ejecutar estrategias para la distribución de equipos tecnológicos para los centros educativos y la definición de programas de formación continuada de buena calidad a todos los profesores.PALABRAS CLAVE: Actitud de profesores hacia las TIC. Competencias tecnológicas y pedagógicas. Recursos tecnológicos. Uso de las TIC.ABSTRACT: This article aims to communicate research study carried out as part of our mastery in "ICT in Education", at University of Salamanca, in the academic year 2011/2012. The objective of this study is to characterize the level of technological and pedagogical knowledge, attitude towards the use of ICT and the use of ICT by teachers of Spanish as a Foreign Language. For this purpose, we designed a descriptive study with a sample of teachers of basic education in the public education network of the Federal District of Brazil. For data collection has been developed a specific questionnaire for this research. The results indicated that they contextual problems of availability of technological resources, high proper use and, consequently, the integration of ICT in education. Lastly, we identified that should be considered the results achieved in this study when planning and implementing strategies for the distribution of technological equipment for schools and the definition of continuing education programs of good quality to teachers.KEYWORDS: Attitude of teachers. Technological and pedagogical skills. Technological resources. Use of ICT.
WhatsApp: caracterização do gênero chat em contexto de ensino de línguas estrangeiras
Authors: Leite Natália Costa , Silva Marden Oliveira
Published: February 2016

RESUMO: As tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) trouxeram inquestionáveis avanços em diversos campos do saber e no convívio social. Com o advento dessas novas tecnologias, a construção de sentidos tem se tornado cada vez mais multimodal, isto é, os modos convencionais de produção de sentido pela escrita, por exemplo, atrelam-se aos modos visuais, orais, gestuais, dentre muitos outros possíveis. A educação pode se configurar como um espaço capaz de viabilizar e facilitar a construção desses múltiplos sentidos com o auxílio das novas tecnologias. Diante disso, este trabalho, ao adotar a perspectiva bakhtiniana de gêneros textuais (2003), propõe-se a apresentar uma caracterização do gênero chat por meio do aplicativo WhatsApp, dada sua relevância e popularidade entre usuários de dispositivos móveis. A metodologia empregada consiste na utilização de critérios para análise do gênero em questão. Espera-se que a caracterização do gênero possa estimular o uso do aplicativo como ferramenta de apoio ao ensino/aprendizagem de língua estrangeira.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Chat. Ensino/Aprendizagem de Línguas Estrangeiras. ABSTRACT:Digital information and communication technologies widely brought unquestionable advances in the fields of knowledge and social life. With the advent of these new technologies, meaning negotiation has become increasingly multimodal, that is, conventional methods of meaning negotiation by writing, for example, may link up with visual, oral, and gestural modes, among many others. Education can be configured as a space to enable and facilitate the new production of multiple meanings with the help of new technologies. Therefore, this paper proposes to present a characterization of the text genre chat through WhatsApp application, given its relevance and popularity among mobile users, by adopting Bakhtin’s perspective of speech genres (2003). The use of specific criteria for analysing the genre chat was the method applied. It is expected that the characterization of the genre may encourage the use of the instant messaging app as a support tool for teaching and learning a foreign language.KEYWORDS: Text Genre. Chat. Teaching/Learning Foreign Languages.
Inédito de Ruy Cinatti
Authors: Rosa Vasco
Published: February 2016

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Destino y determinación en el naturalismo decimonónico
Authors: Varela Olea María Ángeles
Published: February 2016

El Naturalismo del S.XIX aspiraba a convertir la literatura en ciencia, basando su “novela experimental” en la idea de que las leyes sociales nos determinan. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar ese determinismo y su semejanza con la idea griega de destino, subrayando el alcance más radical del fatum naturalista y de la subsiguiente visión de la responsabilidad, de la conciencia o del sentido de la acción humana
Juan Luis Vives ante la Fortuna
Authors: Coronel Ramos Marco Antonio
Published: February 2016

En el presente artículo se analiza la significación ética y política de los conceptos de fortuna y providencia en Juan Luis Vives. A través de ellos se materializan dos antropologías distintas encarnadas respectivamente en N. Maquiavelo y el propio J.L. Vives. Un punto de cruce entre ambas visiones de la realidad es el Lazarillo de Tormes en el que una fortuna dominada por el esfuerzo deriva en un éxito que no es más que una indignidad moral. En Vives la actitud razonable no es vivir dominando la fortuna, sino vivir por encima de la fortuna. Es en ese punto donde emerge la providencia como el cuidado amoroso que conduce al ser humano al conócete a ti mismo
Los antropónimos en "La Colmena" de C. J. Cela como prueba de la posición activa del narrador en una novela objetivista
Authors: Lopatina Ksenia
Published: February 2016

Con este artículo se pretende demostrar que en una novela objetivista escrita evitando las características directas de los personajes de acuerdo con la tendencias literarias de la época el autor no puede prescindir de las caracrerísticas de los personajes, aunque sean indirectas y alusivas. Uno de los procedimientos más efi caces que utiliza el escritor para marcar a los personajes es la antroponímia de la novela, es decir, el conjunto de los nombres propios utilizados en ésta. El uso de los nombres de los personajes en la novela de Camilo José Cela La colmena puede caracterizar tanto a los personajes ( su nacionalidad, su edad, su posición social, ideas generales y políticas) como al mismo autor de la obra
Infecciones parameníngeas: reporte de dos casos asociados con sinusitis
Authors: González-Saldaña Napoleón , Gómez-Toscano Valeria
Published: February 2016

El absceso cerebral y el empiema subdural son infecciones parameníngeas graves y poco frecuentes en la actualidad. Se presentan un caso de absceso cerebral y uno de empiema subdural asociados con sinusitis; ambos fueron tratados con ceftriaxona, vancomicina y metronidazol (uno de ellos además con drenaje quirúrgico) y presentaron evolución clínica satisfactoria. Es importante la sospecha diagnóstica temprana para dar un tratamiento oportuno y mejorar el pronóstico en estos pacientes.
Review Article-Maternal Overweight /Obesity And Associated Risks
Authors: Godhia Meena L
Published: February 2016

Obesity is a risk factor for wide number of health problems. These problems can be avoided by losing the excess weight thus maintaining a normal BMI. Obesity in pregnancy can have adverse impacts not only on maternal but fetal health also. The worldwide increase in obesity especially in women of reproductive age group is associated with several obstetric complications such as gestational diabetes, macrosomia, shoulder dystocia,etc. A healthy pre-pregnancy BMI and appropriate weight gain during pregnancy is considered to be a preventive strategy to avoid Ã‚Â these complications. Moreover maternal nutrition during pregnancy can have a direct impact on fetal health. Several strategies like pre-conception counseling, healthy lifestyle, educating young girls, weight loss prior to pregnancy etc. can be adopted. Screening of women before pregnancy and creating awareness is a key to limit the occurrences of such complications.
Formación de capital humano, mercados de crédito Incompletos y subdesarrollo
Authors: Chavarín Rodríguez Rubén
Published: February 2016

Las restricciones de crédito que caracterizan los procesos de formación de capital humano en diversos países están ligadas a la desigualdad en el ingreso y al subdesarrollo. Un modelo representativo de estas interrelaciones es el de Ljungqvist (2001), el cual expone que la imposibilidad de acceder a créditos educativos, debido a la falta de colateral, provoca la desaparición del mercado de créditos para sectores de la población con bajos ingresos. La intervención adecuada del gobierno puede completar los mercados y mejorar la asignación de recursos. Diversos estudios coinciden en que los esfuerzos de intervención gubernamental deben enfocarse en la modificación de las causas que originan las distorsiones del mercado y en la generación de incentivos. Este documento presenta una revisión de cierta literatura relevante sobre estos temas y la articula con una exposición simplificada del modelo de Ljungqvist.
Diffusion of things and thoughts
Authors: Guttesen Rolf
Published: February 2016

In the 19th century the population of the Faeroe Islands grew from 5,200 in the 1801 census to 15,200 in the 1901 census. The leading question in this paper is derived from this fact. What was the material and ideological background for this profound change that caused changes in all parts and corners of the society? This leads to the problem definition: ”Where did the new things and thoughts come from, and who came with them?” Theories on innovation and diffusion are implemented in the analysis. In the 1st section of the paper the situation in the Faeroese society is described with concrete examples. The 2nd section applies the diffusion theory with the concepts carriers and barriers. The 3rd section adds the concepts base and superstructure that are coupled with the already mentioned concepts in the second section. In the 4th section some concepts and methods from economic geography, population potential and threshold values are presented and used. In the ending an effort to quantify the innovation process is presented. This leads to a recapitulation of concepts in the foregoing sections, but also to new questions as the result of these, especially figure 4, are unforeseen and provoking. A society as the Faeroese, tiny in scale and remote in location, and therefore with a low population potential, cannot be expected to produce many ”things and thoughts” by itself. In the 5th section some local persons of virtue are mentioned, as well as a row of civil servants who all came from mainland Denmark. These were carriers of ideas from the European enlightenment movement and other ideas that widened the material base of the growing population. The legal base, laws and statutory elements, that changed the possibility for the landless class to acquire land came from outside, from the King, and generally the barriers were the local land-owning class. A main point in this process of change is the introduction of the Amtmand, the Governor of Prefect, in 1816, that was the beginning of the setting up of a local centralized administration. Later, with the Danish Constitution coming into force in 1849, the first democratic assembly on the Faeroe Islands was elected. Further, the Constitution had no place for the Royal Monopoly Trade; it was abolished in 1856.
Concept Analysis: Music Therapy
Authors: Murrock Carolyn J. , Bekhet Abir K.
Published: February 2016

Down through the ages, music has been universally valued for its therapeutic properties based on the psychological and physiological responses in humans. However, the underlying mechanisms of the psychological and physiological responses to music have been poorly identified and defined. Without clarification, a concept can be misused, thereby diminishing its importance for application to nursing research and practice. The purpose of this article was for the clarification of the concept of music therapy based on Walker and Avant’s concept analysis strategy. A review of recent nursing and health-related literature covering the years 2007–2014 was performed on the concepts of music, music therapy, preferred music, and individualized music. As a result of the search, the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of music therapy were identified, defined, and used to develop a conceptual model of music therapy. The conceptual model of music therapy provides direction for developing music interventions for nursing research and practice to be tested in various settings to improve various patient outcomes. Based on Walker and Avant’s concept analysis strategy, model and contrary cases are included. Implications for future nursing research and practice to use the psychological and physiological responses to music therapy are discussed.
Benchmarking The Accounting And Finance Functions Of Hong Kong Firms
Authors: Landry Steven P. , Jalbert Terrance , Chan Wai Yee Canri
Published: February 2016

In this article the results of a Benchmarking study sponsored by the Hong Kong Society for Accountants, Financial Management Committee are reported.  The study, in the form of a survey, was sent to 633 listed Hong Kong firms.  Sixty-seven firms responded to the survey crossing six different industries and a variety of capitalization levels.  The survey consisted of thirty-two questions that addressed seven areas of interest related to the accounting and finance functions within the firms.  The results provide benchmarks by which firms can compare their operations to those of other similar firms.  Firms can identify strengths, weaknesses and best practices and utilize the information to make changes in their organizations.  By doing so, firms may be able to achieve improved competitiveness and increased profitability.
Un confesionario en lengua cuicateca de finales de la época virreinal
Authors: Van Doesburg Sebastián
Published: February 2016

En esta contribución se presenta el texto inédito de un confesionario escrito enla lengua cuicateca alrededor de 1800. El texto anónimo fue elaborado para ayudar al cleroencargado de la administración espiritual de la población cuicateca de San Pedro Teutila. Eltexto es un ejemplo de la actividad lingüística, poco conocida, que desplegaron los sacerdotesseglares para poder evangelizar a la población de lo que hoy es el estado de Oaxaca.Sacerdotes seculares estudiaron el cuicateco desde la segunda mitad del siglo xvi, pero no seha conservado ningún texto de esta época temprana.
El hombre que conoció a Cocijo
Authors: Beam de Azcona Rosemary G.
Published: February 2016

En la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, dos cuentos mesoamericanos, “El aprendiz del Rayo”y “La visita al dueño de los animales”, se han combinado con un cuento de moraleja que serelaciona con un tabú sobre la caza, la carne y el adulterio. Aquí se presentan dos versionesen dos lenguas zapotecas de esta región: el zapoteco coateco y el zapoteco miahuateco. Unaintroducción presenta notas sobre el folclor mesoamericano y zapoteco, y sobre el desarrollode ortografías prácticas para estas lenguas.
Xneza diidxazá: retos en la escritura del zapoteco del istmo vistos desde el texto teria
Authors: Pérez Báez Gabriela , Cata Víctor , Bueno Holle Juan José
Published: February 2016

En este trabajo se presenta un relato contemporáneo titulado Teria, escrito por Víctor Cata en diidxazá, lengua zapoteca de la planicie costera del sureste de Oaxaca. Teria es la narración de una práctica ritual mortuoria de los zapotecos del Istmo en la cual se aprecia la continuidad y la preocupación de los zapotecos por escribir y narrar en su propio idioma. A través de este texto contemporáneo se muestran algunos de los retos que enfrenta la implementación del Alfabeto Popular para la escritura del Zapoteco del Istmo que, a pesar de tener una tradición larga de uso desde 1956, sigue presentando desafíos para quienes lo escriben y enseñan. Dichos retos están relacionados con la definición mismade lo que constituye una palabra en diidxazá. Este trabajo considera algunos criterios que pudieran permitir la homologación de la constitución de la palabra ortográfica —es decir de la unidad escrita entre dos espacios— para efectos de facilitar la creación literaria contemporánea en diidxazá y la difusión de textos como Teria. Para este propósito, se define el concepto de palabra ortográfica enconjunto con los conceptos de palabra fonológica y palabra gramatical.
Heart Failure: A New Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Silva Doroteia , Gomez-Sanchez Miguel Angel
Published: February 2016

Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Failure.
Fosfato β-Tricálcico Monobloco no Tratamento de Fraturas Proximais do Úmero Cirúrgicas
Authors: Sarmento Marco , Martins Samuel , Monteiro Jacinto
Published: February 2016

Introdução: As fraturas proximais do úmero são cada vez mais frequentes, com maior tendência para o seu tratamento cirúrgico, predominado a utilização da osteossíntese com placa e parafusos bloqueados. Pela falência mecânica e biológica, apesar da evolução deste tipo de implantes, a utilização de enxertos ósseos sintéticos passaram a ser uma opção.Material e Métodos: Num período de 96 meses, avaliámos os doentes com fraturas proximais do úmero, tratados cirurgicamente com placa e parafusos bloqueados e nos quais foi usado enxerto ósseo sintético de fosfato β-tricálcico. Avaliaram-se os resultados funcionais pelo arco de mobilidade e pelos exames radiográficos.Resultados: Nos 19 doentes avaliados, para um follow-up médio de 53 meses, obteve-se um arco de mobilidade com valores médio de abdução de 140º, flexão anterior de 142º, rotação externa de 37º e rotação interna com mão a L3, para um ângulo cefalo-diafisário de 136º.Discussão: A utilização de enxerto ósseo sintético de fosfato β-tricálcico permite a estabilização da redução após fixação das fraturas proximais do úmero estabilizadas com placa e parafusos bloqueados. Esta redução que se traduz na manutenção do ângulo cefalodiafisário, permite a obtenção de bons resultados funcionais como o demonstra o arco de mobilidade nos vários planos.Conclusão: O enxerto ósseo sintético de fosfato β-tricálcico deverá ser encarado como uma terapêutica auxiliar na osteossíntese extramedular das fraturas proximais do úmero, principalmente naquelas com maior dificuldade de manutenção da redução pela maior cominução do calcar medial.
Decidualização Ectópica: Uma Entidade Esquecida
Authors: Mendes Joana , Costa Antónia
Published: February 2016

Introdução: Apesar da decidualização ectópica ser uma entidade frequentemente subdiagnosticada, pode ter impacto clínico adverso na morbimortalidade materno-fetal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi rever a evidência científica relativa a etiopatogenia, clínica, abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica sobre esta temática.Material e Métodos: A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada na PubMed, Web of Science e Scopus, através da query (‘deciduosis’ OR ‘ectopic decidualization’ OR ‘ectopic decidua’ OR ‘ectopic decidua reaction’), incluindo-se artigos publicados até 31/6/2014 e de todos os níveis de evidência.Resultados: A decidualização ectópica, geralmente, representa uma condição benigna, assintomática e sem necessidade de intervenção terapêutica. Encontra-se, maioritariamente, associada à gravidez, com regressão completa no período pós-parto. A frequência do seu diagnóstico depende da suspeição clínica, bem como do local onde surge, sendo o omento e o ovário os locais mais comuns. Quando sintomática, as principais manifestações clínicas são quadros hemorrágicos, nomeadamente hemorragia genital e hemoperitoneu. Os diagnósticos diferenciais incluem patologia maligna, sendo essencial, nestas situações, a confirmação histopatológica. O baixo índice de suspeição clínica pode levar à realização de biópsia, que pode acarretar impacto adverso grave devido à elevada friabilidade destas lesões.Discussão e Conclusão: O reconhecimento desta entidade e das suas características clínicas torna-se essencial na conduta destas doentes. Tal permite por um lado a abordagem médica precoce e adequada nos casos graves, e por outro lado (na maioria dos casos) manter a atitude expectante minimizando a iatrogenia, mantendo o desfecho favorável da decidualização ectópica.
Tribute to Nirbhaya (Fearless)
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rituparna
Published: February 2016

We are happy to launch the first issue of the Journal Space and Culture, India.Â  This first issue is a tribute to Nirbhaya (Fearless), who was brutally gang-raped and left in a â€˜vegetative stateâ€™ to die, who subsequently succumbed to her injuries on December 29, 2012. Alongside, we also pay our last respect to Chief Justice Jagdish Charan Verma (January 18, 1933 â€“ April 22, 2013), who headed the government-appointed panel, Justice Verma Committee that came out with the recommendations on enhancing womenâ€™s safety and security.The journal is very grateful to all the members of the editorial board for their strong commitment and support. We also thank the contributors of the first issue. We are committed to encourage young scholars and researchers to submit their theoretically informed original research, commentaries and reviews on any social issues of India and make an impact to the society.We understand that your research is very important to you - we guarantee global distribution accessible universally on-line and without any charge. We are in the process of obtaining International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) from ISSN UK centre, British Library. The journal will also be registered with the official Open Archives registry, UIUC OAI registry, Social Science Research Network (SSRN) and OAIster so that the articles are indexed within a globally distributed system of research databases. The journal will also contribute to certain Libraries participating in the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) system to ensure a secure and permanent archive for the journal. In addition, content of the journal will be indexed by Google Scholar and other search engines and also will be registered with Index Copernicus and other indexing system.Looking forward to your valuable contributions! Happy reading!Thank you,Executive Editor, Space and Culture, India
Education for Peace: Transforming the Culture of Violence
Authors: Sharma Aparajita
Published: February 2016

The paper narrates the conceptual framework of â€˜Education for Peaceâ€™ and its need especially in regions, which have seen ethnic conflicts. In Education for Peace, the educator and the educand are seen as transformative agents and not mere passive recipients. Their role is not restricted to the close precincts of the classroom and the â€˜schooledâ€™ world but to the larger community and the lived experiences of the educand and the educator. Its importance in the curriculum of school education is widely felt as well. In conflict prone or post conflict regions where collective memories of the past conflict and collective hopes of the future are contested, understanding the views and collective hopes of the â€˜otherâ€™ becomes imperative. In this context, I would like to explain the concept of â€˜Education for Peaceâ€™, its approaches and prerequisites and locate the contesting spaces, structure, content, images, processes in school education by reviewing empirical and theoretical studies on â€˜Education for Peaceâ€™. It further delves into ethnicity and ethnic conflicts and probes how it makes different meaning in different contexts. The paper leaves scope for exploring educator-educand relationship, identity construction rather reinforcement though school education for transforming violence of culture in regions which is facing identity crisis and conflict.
Publication Watch
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rituparna
Published: February 2016

In the journal Space and Culture, India, we endeavour to scan and highlight latest India-related publications and resources on developmental issues from around the world, which we consider to be useful to the scholars.
Majuli at the Crossroads: A Study of Cultural Geomorphology
Authors: Sahariah Dhrubajyoti , Singha Kuleswar , Bora Diganta Kr , Kundu Sumit , Das Tapashi , Sen Suchibrata , Das Karabi , Mili Biju , Baruah Juri , Sarma Khagen , Saikia Mukheswar , Saikia Anup
Published: February 2016

Although well established elsewhere, cultural geomorphology has not yet been well-grounded in Northeast India where a perceived dearth of studies in this sub-branch of geography exists. The Brahmaputra valley, which has a long physical and cultural history, is a unique laboratory, which offers opportunities to study anthropo-geomorphologic, achaeo-geomorphologic and cultural landscapes. The Majuli river island, ostensibly the largest island in the world, houses traditional art crafts and dances, despite being continually under the siege of a plethora of physical obstacles such as flooding, bank erosion, etc..  The present study aims at studying how the physical processes that constantly reshape the map of the island exert their influence on the socio-economic and cultural milieu of the region. The paper further analyses why despite all odds Majuli thrives and continues to preserve and maintain its rich natural and cultural heritage, in ways that are perhaps unparalleled in the region or even elsewhere in the globe.
Forests, Tribals and the Voice of Dissent: The Story of a Social Actor
Authors: Sharma Namami
Published: February 2016

This is a biography of an activist who has been working in the interiors of Madhya Pradesh with the indigenous people. He has been living amongst the tribal communities and has contributed significantly in the peopleâ€™s struggle for resource rights. He is one of the very few activists who has been quoted by different writers but is not written about. This article, thus, makes a humble endeavour to trace his life and his commitment towards the cause of tribal rights.
Publication Watch
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rituparna
Published: February 2016

We welcome you to the second issue of â€˜Publication Watchâ€™. Below is a list of latest publications in the field of social sciences. However, it is not exhaustive by any means.
Bilateral Strategies and Development Agenda
Authors: Goswami Chandrama
Published: February 2016

The recent visit of the Chinese president, Xi Â Xinping, to India has great significance for both Â the countries. The relationship between India Â and China has always been one of distrust, Â especially after the collapse of the friendship Â attempt made by the then Prime Minister of Â India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, and Mao, Indiaâ€™s decision to allow Tibetâ€™s Dalai-Lama Â (who Beijing considers a dangerous separatist) Â to reside in India, and the Sino-Indian Border Â War which followed in 1962. The border Â dispute still continues with both countries Â contesting land along their border in Ladakh Â and Chinaâ€™s claim over Indiaâ€™s north-eastern Â province of Arunachal Pradesh. Indiaâ€™s concern Â also lies with the construction of the Chinese Â dam on the side of the River Brahmaputra. Each country is also skeptical about the otherâ€™s Â relationship with Third World countries. In Â Chinaâ€™s case, Indiaâ€™s developing relationships Â with countries in the Asia-Pacific, especially Â Japan and the US; and in Indiaâ€™s case, Chinaâ€™s relationship with Pakistan. The Manmohan Â Singh Government brought in new levels of Â India-American co-operation which troubled Â the Chinese, thinking that India would become a part of an American â€˜containmentâ€™ policy. Â Another cause of concern was when India Â tested the Agni-5 ICBM in April 2012, expanding Â the scope of Indiaâ€™s nuclear deterrent and Â bringing the whole of China in range for the Â first time. Narendra Modi was quite vocal about Â the territorial dispute with China during his Â campaign stating that China should give up its Â policy of expansion. This has however been Â considered as campaign trail rhetoric by Chinese foreign experts.
Feminist Collective Activism in Telangana, South India: Exemplary by the Andhra Pradesh Mahila Samatha Society
Authors: Guenther Julia
Published: February 2016

This research aims at contributing to the ongoing debate of feminist standpoint epistemology by introducing a study on feminist collective activism in Sangareddy and Yellareddy, two districts of the newly established 29th state of India, Telangana. The purpose here is to document the work of two sanghams (collectives) by the Andhra Pradesh Mahila Samatha Society (APMSS). The focus lies on songs created by Dalit and indigenous women, which are used as a form of, protest against societal and gender inequality. Those songs contribute in making a positive difference on a local level. Analysis of two group interviews strengthens this argument. The sanghams have shown that despite all societal differences, solidarity among women for a common cause can make a difference in combating social issues on a local level. Taking the APMSS as an example, this research shows that the use of a holistic approach to education to support women in their responses to social issues has an overall positive effect on women. Furthermore, and most importantly, women are strengthened in believing that their life-experiences matter. My research shows that literacy is not necessarily needed to be a successful advocate for womenÂ´s rights. What is needed, however, is an understanding of local contexts, social issues and ultimately the ability to link them to life-experiences.
Strengthening Rural Decentralisation: A Study on the Role of International Organisations
Authors: Paul Sujit Kumar
Published: February 2016

The term â€˜decentralisationâ€™ has generally been used to refer to a variety of institutional reforms. It has sometimes been considered as a change in the organisational framework in which political, social and economic decisions are made and implemented. It is also understood as a mechanism to transfer responsibility and authority. In recent years, decentralisation has received singular attention all over the world. It has been considered as one of the most important elements in development strategy. It is a global and regional phenomenon, and most countries have attempted to implement it as a tool for development, as a political philosophy, and as a mechanism for sharing responsibility at different levels.Since 1980s, developing countries have increasingly adopted decentralised form of governance. Decentralisation means the transfer of authority and responsibility from central to intermediate and local governments. Although the democratic decentralisation in terms of Panchayati Raj Institutions (village councils) was a post-Independence phenomenon, there has been a legacy and tradition of village panchayats since time immemorial in India. The 73rd and 74th Amendment Act, 1993 of the Constitution of India has made the Panchayat an institution of self-government. As per the constitution, Panchayats shall prepare plan for economic development and social justice at their level. The District Planning Committee shall integrate the plan so prepared with the plans prepared by the local bodies at district level. The success and failure of the Panchayats would depend on planning and implementation. It also depends on maximum peopleâ€™s participation at every stage of planning process, from proposal to implementation. Peopleâ€™s participation in local-level development has been exercised through the formulation of the Panchayat-level development plan, project coordination at intermediate and district levels of the Panchayats.The Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in West Bengal are very strong bodies, which function as real institutions of self-governance. In West Bengal, the planning process of grass-root level has some stages from proposal to implementation. After introduction of 3-tier Panchayat system in 1978, the Government of West Bengal brought about need-based reforms in the system from time to time from the very beginning. Encouraged by the State Governmentâ€™s strong commitment to rural decentralisation, Department for International Development (DFID), Government of UK came forward to support the ongoing rural decentralisation initiatives and upscale the bottom-up planning process. In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the role of DFID for strengthening decentralisation in rural Bengal.
Publication Watch
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rituparna
Published: February 2016

Hi Readers,We are back again with our regular issue presenting before you some free online resources.
Historical Myths or Mythological History: A Fresh Approach to Understand the History of Assam
Authors: Sarma Pranab Jyoti
Published: February 2016

This paper carries out a critical review of the trends of historical writings in Assam. The historiographical study reveals that the beginning of the historical phase was, in fact, late in the North East region. Moreover, in many of these historical writings, the importance of the local histories of the communities of the region was ignored. The author highlights the fact that a pan-Indian history for the region may not be authentic enough to understand the cultural dynamics of the complex society of the Northeast. The author also focuses on corroborating â€˜properâ€™ historical source material for reconstructing the history of the region rather than deriving inferences from mythology and legends. However, the importance of recent trends in historiography such as selective utilisation of oral traditions, folklores and memory studies has been emphasised. An alternative and more precise periodisation of the historical phase has been provided which does not, however, project any clear marker between periods and eras but emphasises on slow and steady transformations. Importance of archaeological sources and material evidence has been kept in mind while deriving periodical divisions. Relooking at the history of the Koches, Kacharis has been emphasised.
Shakespeare in Comparative Discourse and Influence Studies in the Assamese Language Print Media
Authors: Jana Jyotirmay
Published: February 2016

This article is a survey of some essays, articles and other kinds of writings published in Assamese language newspapers, magazines, tabloids and anthologies from 1947 to 2002.
Creating Own Histories: Adolescent Girls in Mumbai’s Bastis-Use of Photography as a Tool of Documentation and Advocacy
Authors: De Amrita
Published: February 2016

Expressing oneself is a fundamental right as enunciated in many international conventions and

national constitutions. Expressing oneself,however, is subject to other factors, namely, one’s

access to language, and means and platforms of expression. Marginalised groups have historically

been kept away from gaining, as well as creating, knowledge and language. Breaking out of deprivation for marginalised groups requires having a reference framework of their own stories that are accessible to their own people, as well as visible to the rest of the world as legitimate history. As Sheila Rowbotham (1973) says, “in order to create an alternative, an oppressed group must at once shatter the self-reflecting world which encircles it and, at the same time, project its own image onto history.... All revolutionary movements create their own ways of seeing.” (p. 27). This paper seeks to show Vacha’s work with adolescent girls who purport to express themselves and document their perspectives through photography. Girls form one of the most marginalised

sections of society, due to age and gender. Girls from deprived backgrounds contend with further

disabilities of caste and class. Their perspectives are seldom part of the collective consciousness of

their own communities, let alone enter mainstream discourses. Vacha uses photography as a useful tool for deprived girls to express and document their stories. Public exhibitions are used to take these images

to a wider audience.