bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Değerler Eğitimine ve Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programında Yer Alan Değerlere Yönelik Görüşleri
Authors: EZER Feyzullah , KINACI Müşerref Kübra
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırma, Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının değerler eğitimine ve Sosyal Bilgiler öğretim programında yer alan değerlere yönelik görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımına uygun olan durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak, amaçsal örnekleme yöntemlerinden biri olan kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Elazığ Fırat Üniversitesi, Malatya İnönü Üniversitesi ve Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültelerinde öğrenim gören Sosyal Bilgiler öğrencileri ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri görüşme tekniği ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiş ve elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma verileri nitel veri analiz programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular değerlendirildiğinde, Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının değerler eğitimine ve Sosyal Bilgiler öğretim programında yer alan değerlere yönelik görüşlerine bakıldığında değer kavramının ve değer eğitiminin farkında oldukları, değer eğitiminin sadece okul ile sınırlı kalmadığını bu eğitimin ailede verilebileceği gibi yaşam boyu sürebileceğini ifade ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Sosyal Bilgiler dersinin değerler eğitiminde ki rolünün, etkili vatandaş yetiştirme, ulusal ve evrensel değerlere sahip çıkma ve kültürel değerleri koruma adına önemli bir yere sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Sosyal Bilgiler öğretim programında yer alan değerlere ve değerler eğitimine ilişkin farklı önerilere ulaşılmıştır. Buna göre öğretmen adaylarına değer öğretimi ile ilgili bilgilendirilmeler yapılabilir, bu bilgilendirmeler uygulamalarla desteklenebilir.
Digitalisation of Professional Education: Prospects and Invisible Barriers
Authors: Andryukhina L. M. , Sadovnikova N. O. , Utkina S. N. , Mirzaahmedov A. M.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Nowadays, digital education is one of the priorities of state policy in modern Russia. The Federal Institute for the Development of Education has developed a draft didactic concept of digital education to maximise the potential of digital technology (DT) in vocational training. Nevertheless, while policymakers and education managers are aware of the need to move to a new level of digital technology implementation, there are challenges to this process. The technological resources of educational environment have been increasing intensively in the past decade, and their intensive scientific and pedagogical development is observed. However, little attention is given to the willingness of teachers to work with continuously evolving technological tools.

The aimof the research is to identify the barriers, which hinder the professional development of teachers in mastering information and communications technologies (ICT) and digital technologies, as well as some mental attitudes circulating in the society and slowing down the process of digitalisation of vocational education.

Methodology and research methods. The present research is based on personal-context and personal-development approaches. In the course of experimental research and two pilot studies, teachers and specialists of professional educational organisations were interviewed (n = 187 people). The methods of questionnaire-based survey, sociological analysis, statistical data-processing tools and Google Forms tools were used.

Results and scientific novelty. On the basis of the outcomes of the conducted surveys, the following aspects were analysed: the degree of teachers’ skills formation declared in the professional standard; willingness to implement e-learning, expand the range of ICT and GT included in teaching practice; respondents’ attitudes towards the digitalisation of education and their self-recognition in this process. Clear and invisible obstacles to the process under discussion are identified and sistematised. The found barriers are classified into risk, image and didactic barriers. The recommendations to overcome the barriers are proposed. According to the authors of the present article, it is advisable to introduce a new specialty “digital engineer-teacher” due to the obvious integration of pedagogical and engineering functions into the activities of teachers. Working in one team consisted of a specialist, who designs an effective teaching environment, and a teacher-didactist, will reduce a part of unjustified functional workload of the latter.

Practical significance. The materials of the undertaken research have significant implications for further development of perceptions of the essence and content of digital didactics; justification and formation of optimal conditions for digitalisation of vocational education, including psychological and pedagogical adjustment of the system of training and retraining of pedagogical and managerial personnel for the digital economy.
Influencia de la Educación Nutricional sobre la Adopción de Preferencias Alimentarias en Estudiantes de Gastronomía
Authors: Anaya García Sugey Elena
Published: April 2020

Los universitarios requieren un acompañamiento en educación nutricional, que les permita mantener buenos hábitos alimenticios. Esta investigación, evalúa la influencia que ejerce la educación nutricional sobre las preferencias alimentarias de los estudiantes de gastronomía, comparados con los estudiantes que no cuentan con este tipo de formación. Para ello, se emplea una muestra de 72 estudiantes de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Medellín, Colombia a los cuales se les aplica un instrumento con datos acerca de: la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, número de comidas ingeridas a diario, horarios de alimentación, lugares de consumo alimentario diferentes al hogar, entre otros. Se encuentra que los estudiantes incluyen más en su alimentación carnes, huevos y leguminosas secas. De manera contraria, frutas y verduras no ocupan un lugar importante en sus prácticas alimentarias.  Además, no se encuentran diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de estudiantes comparados. Se concluye que el nivel de conocimiento en educación nutricional que tenga un individuo, no es sinónimo de prácticas alimentarias saludables
Posconflicto e interculturalidad como modelo para mejorar la calidad educativa
Authors: Córdoba Mosquera Sergio Armando
Published: April 2020

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la integración del posconflicto a la interculturalidad como modelo para avanzar en la calidad educativa, debido al incremento de los conflictos armados, los cuales afectan directa e indirectamente el sistema educativo. Para ello, se utiliza una metodología de tipo transeccional, descriptiva, que permite implementar un modelo articulado al desarrollo sostenible. La investigación arroja que el 87% de encuestados considera positiva la incidencia de los procesos de posconflicto e interculturalidad en las actividades educativas, seguido del 10% que niega una influencia y el 5% no asume postura alguna al respecto; resulta relevante aplicar estrategias de integración del posconflicto al estudio de la interculturalidad para mejorar la comprensión de estas categorías. Se concluye en la necesidad de generar orientaciones para la reparación integral a las víctimas, basada en factores fundamentales que relacionan la educación con el posconflicto e interculturalidad.
Lactate dehydrogenase as surrogate marker of preeclampsia and eclampsia
Authors: Vidhya Muthuramalingam
Published: April 2020

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is a spectrum of disorder which include chronic hypertension that antedates pregnancy and gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia that is unique to human pregnancy. It is still a poorly understood condition. The clinical course is progressive and characterized by continuous deterioration that is arrested only by termination of pregnancy. Hence the disease must be detected in early stage and managed appropriately for improved maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: The study consists of 173 antenatal patients of gestational age 28 weeks and above. Study population was divided into two groups, Group 1 consists of 50 antenatal women of normotensive nature served as controls and group 2 consists of 123 antenatal women with confirmed hypertension. Venous blood samples were collected used for the estimation of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme.Results: Out of the total 173 patients 104 women delivered by C-section, 67 by normal vaginal delivery and 2 by assisted breech delivery. Among the women who delivered by caesarean 60 (57.69%) had serum LDH less than 600, 18 (17.30%) had serum LDH between 600 and 800 and 26 (25.00%) had LDH above 800. Among the women who delivered vaginally 61 (91.04%) had LDH less than 600, 1 (1.49%) had LDH between 600 and 800 and 5 (7.46%) had LDH above 800. Only 2 women delivered by assisted breech delivery one with LDH between 600 and 800 and another with S. LDH above 800.Conclusions: The study was done in search of a valuable marker for preeclampsia and Eclampsia which would reflect the severity of the disease and would predict the maternal and fetal outcome. Such markers can help in decision making and can influence the current management protocols in order to achieve a better maternal and perinatal outcome.
Swine flu awareness in pregnancy
Authors: Doshi Nilesh , Upadhye Aditi J. , Upadhye Jayshree J.
Published: April 2020

Background: Swine influenza outbreaks are common in pigs year-round and infection in humans is a result of close contact with infected animals. Understanding the perception of the public and their potential resources would help public health agencies in developing educational programs to increase the awareness of the public. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on different aspects of swine flu.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 100 pregnant women was conducted at Varun Arjun Medical College, Banthara, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India to test their knowledge, attitudes, and use of precautionary measures against influenza infection.Results: In this study, 98 (98%) of pregnant women were aware of swine flu infection, 85 (85%) of pregnant women knew that swine flu is due to viral infection while 65 (65%) of pregnant women were aware that swine flu infection spreads through air while sneezing and coughing. In this study, 95 (96%) of pregnant women knew fever as symptom of swine flu, 83 (83%) of pregnant women knew cough and cold as symptoms while 64 (64%) of pregnant women knew headache and body ache as symptoms. 94 (94%) of pregnant women were aware that vaccination against swine flu can prevent swine flu infection. 80 (80%) of pregnant women knew that covering mouth and nose while coughing and sneezing can prevent spread of swine flu infection while 52 (52%) of pregnant women knew that frequent hand washing helps in preventing spread of swine flu infection. 76 (76%) of pregnant women received vaccination against swine flu while 24 (24%) of pregnant women did not receive vaccination against swine flu.Conclusions: Learning more about the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the public during swine flu and other infectious disease outbreak can be crucial to improve efforts by public health officials and clinicians.
Comparative evaluation of hysterosalpingo contrast sonography with laparoscopy for determination of tubal patency in infertility
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Geetha , Perumal Amutha , Boovaragasamy Chithra , Gnanasabai Gnanamani
Published: April 2020

Background: Tubal factor is responsible for infertility and is found in one of three infertile women. The current research was undertaken to compare the efficacy of hysterosalpingo contrast sonography (HyCoSy) with laparoscopy and chromopertubation in infertile women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2016 to March 2017 among the patients attending outpatient department with complaints of primary or secondary infertility after obtaining written and informed consent. Detailed history of the patient was taken; clinical examination and necessary investigations were done. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 22.Results: All the HyCoSy findings showed excellent specificity (84-100%) and the sensitivity ranged from 40-87%.Conclusions: Study conclude that HyCoSy is a good screening method for evaluating uterine cavity lesions and tubal block in infertile women being safe, sensitive, cost effective, non-invasive procedure giving additional information regarding ovarian, adnexal and peritoneal pathology.
Fetal axillary lymphangioma
Authors: Coutada Rosalia S. , Silva Joao P. , Ribeiro Domingos C. , Pinheiro Paula M.
Published: April 2020

Lymphangioma is a rare congenital malformation of the lymphatic system that occur in 1 per 6000 live births. The most common site of lymphangioma is the neck (also named cystic hygroma), accounting for 75% of the cases, and it is strongly related to aneuploidies. Axillary location is very rare and appears not to be associated with chromosomal abnormalities. Tumor growth, fetal anemia secondary to intralesional bleeding, hydrops fetalis and shoulder dystocia are possible obstetric complications of this condition. The prognosis is generally good in the absence of abnormal karyotype, fetal hydrops or extension of the lymphangioma to adjacent tissues. Surgical excision or sclerotherapy are the main treatment choices. The authors present a case of a right fetal axillary lymphangioma and review the literature.
Classification of rare traffic signs
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faizov B.V. , Shakhuro V.I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sanzharov V.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Gubkin RSU of Oil and Gas, Konushin A.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   NRU Higher School of Economics
Published: April 2020

The paper studies the possibility of using neural networks for the classification of objects that are few or absent at all in the training set. The task is illustrated by the example of classification of rare traffic signs. We consider neural networks trained using a contrastive loss function and its modifications, also we use different methods for generating synthetic samples for classification problems. As a basic method, the indexing of classes using neural network features is used. A comparison is made of classifiers trained with three different types of synthetic samples and their mixtures with real data. We propose a method of classification of rare traffic signs using a neural network discriminator of rare and frequent signs. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed method allows rare traffic signs to be classified without significant loss of frequent sign classification quality.
Sorting Laguerre-Gaussian beams by radial numbers via intensity moments
Authors:   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Volyar A.V. , Bretsko M. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Akimova Ya. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Egorov Yu. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: April 2020

We propose and experimentally implement a new technique for digitally sorting Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes by radial number at a constant topological charge, resulting from the pertur-bation of the original LG beam, or superposition thereof, by passing them through a thin dielectric diaphragm with various aperture radii. The technique is based on a digital analysis of higher-order intensity moments. Two types of perturbed beams are considered: non-degenerate and degenerate beams with respect to the initial radial number of the LG beam superposition. A diaphragm with a circular pinhole causes the appearance of a set of secondary LG modes with different radial num-bers, which are characterized by an amplitude spectrum. The digital amplitude spectrum makes it possible to recover the real LG modes and find the measure of uncertainty due to perturbation by means of information entropy. It is found that the perturbation of a complex beam leads to the appearance of a degenerate am-plitude spectrum since a single spectral line corresponds to a set of modes generated by M original Laguerre-Gaussian beams with different radial numbers. For the spectrum to be deciphered, we use M keys represented by the amplitude spectra of the nondegenerate perturbed beams in our ex-periment. However, the correlation degree decreases to 0.92.
Cirugía tubárica frente a reproducción asistida
Authors: Saavedra Saavedra Jaime
Published: April 2020

Toda pareja infértil con factor tubo peritoneal comprometido debe ser estudiada en forma completa; esto incluye espermograma, niveles basales de FSH el día tres del ciclo, histerosalpingografía y laparoscopia diagnóstica.Estos estudios son decisivos para determinar si la pareja se refiere al programa de cirugía tubárica reconstructiva o al programa de técnicas de reproducción asistida.Las tasas acumulativas de embarazo en adhesiolisis de adherencias laxas (avasculares) están entre un 50 y un 60%; en adherencias extensas (densas y vasculares) es de 0%, por tanto estas pacientes deben ir a técnicas de reproducción asistida (FIV).En el caso de fimosis tubárica, la fimbrioplastia por microcirugía presenta una tasa de embarazo del 60% frente a un 30% por laparoscopia, por tanto para el manejo de esta patología se recomienda la microcirugía.Las tasas de embarazo en caso de hidrosalpinx con daño tubárico mínimo y limitado (presencia de pliegues mucosos en la histerosalpingografía y menos de dos centímetros de diámetro) están entre un 28% por microcirugía y un 24% por laparoscopia; en caso de daño tubárico severo se debe realizar FIV.Las tasas de embarazo clínico después de FIV-TE en pacientes con factor tubárico varían entre un 30.8 y un 12.8%, dependiendo de la edad de la paciente, estas tasas son mejores en mujeres menores de 35 años y bajas en mujeres de 40 años y más.Cuando se consideran las tasas acumulativas de embarazo después de cuatro ciclos de reproducción asistida frente a salpingoovariolisis, fimbrioplastia y salpingoneostomía, la primera da mejores resultados en todos los frentes. Sin embargo, podría ser un error pronosticar que la cirugía reconstructiva vaya a ser historia pronto. Si la cirugía es exitosa ésta ofrece la posibilidad de concebir en múltiples ciclos y lograr más embarazos en forma consecutiva.El riesgo de embarazo múltiple es bajo después del tratamiento quirúrgico.El factor económico también puede pesar en el momento de tomar una decisión.Los resultados anteriores sugieren que las mujeres jóvenes, con factor tubo peritoneal leve o moderado, son candidatas primarias para la cirugía tubárica reconstructiva, mientras que mujeres mayores de 35 años o aquéllas con enfermedad severa o pelvis congelada se deben dirigir al programa de reproducción asistida.
ЧИСЛЕННОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ГРУНТА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ДАННЫХ
Authors: Татаурова Антонина Андреевна , Мельник Елена Александровна , Стефанов Юрий Павлович
Published: April 2020

Актуальность работы.Строительство промышленных объектов на участках со сложным рельефом и геологическим строением нередко требует проведения расчетов напряженно-деформированного состояния с целью получения оценок возможных зон развития необратимой деформации. Данная задача может быть решена с помощью численного моделирования.В настоящей работе рассмотрен участок планируемого строительства электродепо «Волочаевское» Дзержинской линии Новосибирского метрополитена. Сложный рельеф и низкие прочностные характеристики зоны строительства требуют особого внимания к оценке несущей способности грунта и устойчивости склонов близкорасположенных оврагов. Применениечисленного моделирования для оценкинапряженно-деформированного состояния средыс использованием геофизических данных о ее строении и механических свойствахпозволилиполучитьинформацию о зонах концентрации напряжений и возможного развития необратимой деформации. Цель: определить существующее напряженно-деформированное состояние иоценить устойчивость верхней части геологического разреза на основе имеющихся петрофизических и геофизических данных, полученных с использованием сейсмо- и электроразведки. Объект:геологический разрез, проходящий вдоль участка продления Дзержинской линии Новосибирского метрополитена электродепо «Волочаевское». Методы.расчет напряженно-деформированного состояния грунта в зоне строительства осуществлялся при помощи численного моделирования. Задача решалась в упругопластической постановке. Геометрические и геомеханические параметры среды были получены в ходе анализа петрофизических и геофизических данных. Результаты.Рассмотрено сечение среды, которое пересекаетучасток строительстваэлектродепо «Волочаевское» Дзержинской линии Новосибирского метрополитена. Представлены двегеомеханическиемодели. Первая горизонтально-слоистая и построена на основе сейсморазведочных данных. Вторая более сложная, учитывает также данные о неоднородностях, выделенных на основе распределения удельногоэлектрического сопротивления.Показано, что для исследуемой территории характерна общая деформация, связанная с наличием зон, обладающих пониженной прочностью, которые выделяются при комплексном анализе данных электроразведки и петрофизики. Несмотря на то, что учет этих зон не привел к значимым изменениям в напряженно-деформированном состоянии среды, было показано, что в приповерхностной части земной коры возможно формирование зон локализации необратимой деформации и трещиноватости.Установлено, что зоны с резким перепадом рельефа представляют наибольшую опасность и будут разрушаться в первую очередь.
Carreira e trabalho: quem é o assessor de imprensa em Imperatriz (MA)?
Authors: Bueno Thaísa Cristina , Fonseca Jordana
Published: April 2020

A proposta desta pesquisa é traçar o perfil do profissional que trabalha em assessoria de imprensa em Imperatriz, segunda maior cidade do Maranhão. O mapeamento levanta características relacionadas à formação, à renda, às atribuições e às condições de trabalho dos profissionais que atuaram neste cargo em 2017, nesse município. Para isso, um questionário semiestruturado online, com 23 questões, foi aplicado por meio da ferramenta Google Forms e enviado para os 37 profissionais mapeados como atuantes no mercado local. Destes, 32 responderam. Os resultados apontam que o mercado de assessoria de imprensa na cidade cresceu exponencialmente nos últimos 10 anos, o que se configura, efetivamente, em mais empregos para jornalistas, ainda que precise de melhorias nas condições de trabalho e na remuneração.
Mapeando o Campo da Comunicação no Brasil: desafios e descobertas metodológicas de uma metapesquisa
Authors: Simões Paula Guimarães , França Vera Regina Veiga , Oliveira Ana Karina De Carvalho , Lima Laura Antônio , Alves Lucas Afonso Sepulveda , Campos Maíra Lobato Bicalho Chagas Moura , Santana Paulo Henrique Basílio
Published: April 2020

O artigo se debruça sobre os desafios de uma pesquisa que mapeia as principais referências teóricas do campo da Comunicação no Brasil, a partir da coleta e do processamento de artigos apresentados entre 2006 e 2015, no evento da Associação Nacional dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação. Descrevemos aqui os procedimentos de raspagem das referências teóricas de cada trabalho apresentado em Grupos de Trabalho do evento e as formas encontradas para processar dados textuais através de ferramentas estatísticas, discutindo a articulação entre métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Por fim, refletimos sobre as descobertas metodológicas de metapesquisa sobre campos científicos. O texto demonstra como a articulação entre procedimentos quantitativos e qualitativos pode ser profícua para o desenvolvimento das pesquisas nas Ciências Humanas e Sociais.
Pengaruh Hemodialisis terhadap Fungsi Diastolik Ventrikel Kiri pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Stadium V
Authors: Rahadian Rifqi , Hermansyah Yuli , Sudarmanto Yohanes , Suryono Suryono
Published: April 2020

Stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients need renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis is main choice for renal replacement therapy and correlates with changes of left ventricular function. Left ventricular diastolic function is one parameter of left ventricular function. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of hemodialysis towards left ventricular diastolic function in stage V CKD patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This study included 30 patients (17 female, age 48,20±8,02 years) and underwent echocardiography 30 min before and after a hemodialysis session. Sample characteristics were divided into sex, age, duration of hemodialysis, blood pressure before and after hemodialysis. Diastolic function was measured with E/E’ ratio. Diastolic function criteria of 16 samples (53,5%) were normal (E/E’ ratio <10) after doing a hemodialysis session. Mean ratio E/E’ was significantly reduced (13,09±4,55 vs 11,6±5,04,  p<0,05). In conclusion, hemodialysis could increase left ventricular diastolic function in stage V CKD patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
SAFAHAT’TAN SEÇMELER KADER-TEVEKKÜL
Authors: GÜLER Zülfi
Published: April 2020

Kader ve buna bağlı olarak irade, tevekkül konuları hakkında, İslam düşünürleri tarafından çok tartışılmış olmasına rağmen ortak bir görüş ve sonuç doğmamıştır. Akif de kader ve tevekkül üzerine çok söz söylemiş; kader ve tevekkülün tarihi, dini, ahlaki, sosyal ve siyasi yönlerini, İslam toplumları, bilhassa Osmanlı Müslüman halkı üzerindeki psikolojik etkilerini anlatmış. Osmanlı devlet yönetimine nasıl etki ettiğini göstermiş. Müslümanlarca kader ve tevekkül nasıl anlaşılmış? Nasıl anlaşılmalıydı? Sorularına cevaplar vermiş. Biz de Akif’in bu konulardaki düşüncelerini ve söylediklerini açıklamaya, daha doğrusu aktarmaya çalıştık.
DERVȊŞ MAHFȊ VE MUHTÂR-NÂME’Sİ
Authors: ZAVOTÇU Gencay
Published: April 2020

Hz. Muhammed’in torunu Hüseyin ve yakın aile fertlerinin Kerbelâ’da acımasızca katledilmeleri İslam dünyasında tarifi imkansız büyük bir hüzne sebep olur. İslâm coğrafyasında derin bir hüzne sebep olan Kerbelâ Hādisesi Yezîd ve taraftarları arasında sevinçle karşılanır. Müslüman şair ve yazarlar bu elim vakayı eserlerinde işler, Hz. Hüseyin ve yakınlarının Kerbelâ’da acımasızca katledilmelerini anlatan mersiyeler yazarlar. Hz. Peygamber ve Hüseyin taraftarı bazı kişilerin de intikam duygusuna kapılmalarına zemin hazırlar. Süleymān b. Surad el-Huzâî ve Muhtār Es Sekâfî intikam alma mücadelesine girişenlerin başında zikredilecek iki isim olarak anılabilir. Bu kişilerin teşviki ve önderliğinde başlatılan intikam alma mücadeleleri başarıya ulaşır, bu mücâdeleler sonunda Hz. Hüseyin ve yakınlarının intikamı alınır. Hz. Peygamber’in ailesi ve Hüseyin taraftarları arasında buruk da olsa bir sevince neden olan bu intikâm kültür ve edebiyatta işlenerek nazım - nesir hikâye metinlerinin yazılmasına sebep olur. Kerbelâ’da acımasızca katledilen Hz. Hüseyin ve yakınlarının intikâm mücâdelesini işleyen eserlerden biri Muhtâr-nâme’dir. Muhtâr-nâme, Hz. Alî’nin küçük oğlu Hüseyin ile yanındakilerin Kerbelâ’da öldürülmesinden sonra Muhtâr Es-Sekâfî önderliğinde girişilen intikâm mücadelesini işleyen hikâyelerden oluşur. Hikayeler, öğretici mahiyette sanattan yoksun cümlelerden oluşan, halkın konuşma diline yakın sadelikte, halkın kolay anlayabileceği bir anlatım tarzı ile yazılmıştır. Bu anlatım tarzı ile sâde nesir örneği bir eser olan Muhtâr-nâme, dil ve yazım itibarıyla da Eski Anadolu Türkçesi özelliklerini yansıtır.
SME COMPETITIVENESS CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN EAST JAVA
Authors: Muslih Muslih , Erlando Angga
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyse the competitiveness of the small and medium industries in East Java in the face of global economic openness. The method used is a cluster to find out the factors that influence the competitiveness of Small and Medium Industries (SME) by grouping them into groups based on similarity of characters. The use of the cluster method is carried out hierarchically, or processed through a series of successively fusing objects into groups. Based on the results of identification and analysis, then the conclusion, there are three cluster findings based on competitiveness categories. Cluster I is SME with low competitiveness, Cluster II is SME with high competitiveness, and Cluster III is SME with medium competitiveness. SME that have high competitiveness are SME that can increase efficiency in 2 fields, namely Production and Marketing. While SME that have medium competitiveness are SME that are superior in technology, so they can be classified in the creative industry.Keywords: Competitiveness, Cluster, SME, East JawaJEL Classification: O0; O1; O2; L6
LAJU INFILTRASI PADA DANAU BEKAS TAMBANG ALLUVIAL YANG DIPENGARUHI KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIK TANAH
Authors: Norfadilah Isnaini , Dwiatmoko Marselinus Untung , Novianti Yuniar Siska
Published: April 2020

Studi mengenai area danau bekas tambang alluvial dalam hubungannya dengan karakteristik sifat fisik tanah terhadap laju infiltrasi merupakan hal yang penting. Hal ini disebabkan karena area danau bekas tambang alluvial adalah area yang komposisi tanahnya merupakan tumpukan tanah bekas penambangan sebelumnya dan hal ini tidak menguntungkan jika lokasi bekas tambang alluvial untuk kontruksi bangunan, sehingga sering dihindari untuk membangun sesuatu kontruksi di atas danau bekas tambang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik karakteristik dan laju infiltrasi tanah yang ada di area bekas tambang alluvial.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian lapangan dan metode pengujian di laboratorium. Pengukuran laju infiltrasi di lapangan menggunakan double ring infiltrometer dengan perhitungan laju infilltrasi menggunakan metode Horton sedangkan Karakteristik sifat fisik tanah yang diuji di laboratorium adalah kadar air tanah, berat jenis tanah, berat volume tanah, ukuran butir tanah dan permebalitas tanah.Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa laju infiltrasi dan karakteristik sifat fisik tanah yang dihasilkan pada setiap lokasi memberikan angka yang berbeda. Dimana semakin halus tekstur tanah nya maka nilai laju infiltrasi akan semakin kecil begitupun sebaliknya semakin kasar tekstur tanahnya maka nilai laju infiltrasi akan semakin besar. Danau bekas tambang alluvial di lokasi Danau Seran memiliki laju infiltrasi sebesar 158,178 cmh-1 dengan kelas tekstur tanah pasir sedangkan di Danau Galuh Cempaka memiliki laju infiltrasi sebesar 110,27 cmh-1dengan kelas tekstur tanah pasir lempung. Laju infiltrasi di kedua lokasi menunjukkan korelasi yang positif yaitu Danau Seran memiliki laju infiltrasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Danau Galuh Cempaka hal ini disebabkan oleh tekstur tanah dilokasi Danau Seran yang berbutir kasar dan memiliki porositas yang lebih tinggi sehingga kemampuan tanah untuk meloloskan air aatu menyerap air akan semakin besar dibandingkan dengan di lokasi yang tekstur tanahnya lempung yang memiliki porositas kecil sehingga lambat untuk meloloskan air atau menyerap air. Hal inilah yang menyebabkan laju infiltasi di Danau Seran lebih tinggi dibandingkan Danau Galuh Cempaka. Kata-kata kunci: Laju Infiltrasi, Karakteristik Sifat Fisik Tanah, Danau Bekas Tambang Alluvial.
PELAKSANAAN KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Nurachman Sunaryo
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi proses pelaksanaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah dasar yang berada di Kota Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif verifikatif yang dilaksanakan di 8 sekolah dasar negeri. Dari hasil observasi yang dilakukan, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah tersebut telah dilaksanakan dengan baik sekali terutama untuk kegiatan ekstrakurikuler wajib. Sedangkan untuk kegiatan ektrakurikuler pilihan dilakukan sangat bervariasi tergantung kebijakan sekolah dan sesuai peminatan siswa yang di dukung oleh adanya ekstrakurikuler pilihan. Pembinaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler ini dilakukan oleh wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, bidang kesiswaan, guru-guru dan alumni.
Riesgo de suicidio, inteligencia emocional y necesidades psicológicas básicas en adolescentes tutelados en centros residenciales
Authors: Bonet Cristina , Palma Carol , Gimeno-Santos Mercè
Published: April 2020

Durante décadas la literatura ha evidenciado las múltiples repercusiones psicológicas y emocionales que conlleva el maltrato en la infancia. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo describir y analizar la relación entre el riesgo de suicidio, la inteligencia emocional percibida (IEP) y las necesidades psicológicas básicas (NPB) de los adolescentes tutelados en centros. La muestra se compuso por 61 adolescentes tutelados (el 50.82% eran varones) de entre 12 y 17 años (M = 14.61; DT = 1.61) acogidos en centros residenciales de la provincia de Barcelona. Se administró una batería de cuestionarios que incluía datos demográficos y escalas de inteligencia emocional, riesgo de suicidio y grado de satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas. Veintiséis adolescentes (42.6%) presentaron altos niveles de riesgo suicida. Se objetivaron correlaciones significativas entre el riesgo de suicidio, la inteligencia emocional percibida (Atención, Claridad y Reparación) y las necesidades psicológicas básicas (Autonomía, Competencia y Relación). Su principal necesidad psicológica fue la de Competencia que, al mismo tiempo, demostró ser la que mantiene una relación inversa más estrecha con el suicidio. Los adolescentes tutelados en centros residenciales presentan indicadores de riesgo de suicidio que deben ser abordados, entre los que destaca una marcada dificultad para afrontar las emociones. La inteligencia emocional podría ser un factor protector ante el riesgo de suicidio en este colectivo
Longterm renal outcome of biopsy-proven acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis
Authors: Kim Hyunseo , Kyung Sang , Ahn Shin Young , Kwon Young Joo , Lee Hajeong , Oh Jieun , Chin Ho Jun , Lim Ki Joon , Lee Jun Yong , Yang Ji Hyun , Kim Myung-Gyu , Cho Won Yong , Oh Sewon
Published: April 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Proteome Profile Changes During Poly-hydroxybutyrate Intracellular Mobilization in Gram Positive Bacillus cereus tsu1
Authors: LI HUI , O’Hair Joshua , Thapa Santosh , Bhatti Sarabjit , Zhou Suping , Yang Yong , Fish Tara , Thannhauser Theodore W.
Published: April 2020

Background Bacillus cereus is a bacterial species which grows efficiently on a wide range of carbon sources and accumulates biopolymer poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) up to 80% cell dry weight. PHB is an aliphatic polymer produced and stored intracellularly as a reservoir of carbon and energy, its mobilization is a key biological process for sporulation in Bacillus spp. Previously, a B. cereus tsu1 was isolated and cultured on rapeseed cake substrate (RCS), with maximum of PHB accumulation reached within 12 h, and depleted after 48 h. Fore-spore and spore structure were observed after 24 h culture. Results Quantitative proteomic analysis of B. cereus tsu1 identified 2,952 quantifiable proteins, and 244 significantly changed proteins (SCPs) in the 24h-12h pair of samples, and 325 SCPs in the 48h-12h pair of samples. Based on gene ontology classification analysis, biological processes enriched only in the 24h:12h SCPs include purine nucleotide metabolism, protein folding, metal ion homeostasis, response to stress, carboxylic acid catabolism, and cellular amino acid catabolism. The 48h:12h SCPs were enriched into processes including carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and formation of translation ternary structure. A key enzyme for PHB metabolism, poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase (PhaC, KGT44865) accumulated significantly higher in 12h-culture. Sporulation related proteins SigF and SpoEII were significantly higher in 24h-samples. Enzymes for nitrate respiration and fermentation had more accumulation in 48h-culture. Conclusions Changes in proteome of B. cereus tsu1 during PHB intracellular mobilization were characterized in this study. The key enzyme PhaC for PHB synthesis increased significantly after 12h-culture which supports the highest PHB accumulation at this time point. The protein abundance level of SpoIIE and SigF also increased, correlating with sporulation in 24h-culture. Enzymes for nitrate respiration and fermentation were significantly induced in 48h-culture which indicates the depletion of oxygen at this stage and carbon flow towards fermentative growth. Results from this study provide insights into proteome profile changes during PHB accumulation and reuse, which can be applied to achieve a higher PHB yield and to improve bacterial growth performance and stress resistance.
The gut bacterial diversity of sheep associated with different breeds in Qinghai province
Authors: Chang Jianjun , Yao Xiaoting , Zuo Chenxiang , Qi Yuxu , Chen Dekun , Ma Wen-Tao
Published: April 2020

Background: Gut microbiota play important roles in their co-evolution with mammals. However, little is understood about gut bacterial community of Tibetan sheep compared with other sheep breeds. In this study, we investigated the gut bacterial community in 4 different sheep breeds living in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technique. Results: The results suggested that bacterial community abundance and breeds diversity of Tibetan sheep (TS) were significantly lower than that of the other three breeds of sheep [Dorset sheep (DrS), Dorper sheep (DrS) and Small Tail Han sheep (STHS)] (p < 0.05). Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis indicated that microbiome composition of TS was significantly different from that of other three sheep breeds (p < 0.01). Firmicutes was the most predominant microbial phylum in the gut, followed by Bacteroidetes. The gut bacterial community of TS showed higher proportions of phylum Spirochaetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, compared to the other three sheep breeds, but the Deferribacteres was lacked in TS. At the genus level, Treponema, Succinivibrio, 5-7N15 and Prevotella showed significantly higher abundance in TS than in the other three sheep breeds (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In this study, we first employed HTS to fully understand the gut microbiomes among different sheep breeds in QTP of China.
A National Survey of Private-Sector Outpatient Care of Sick Infants and Young Children in Nepal
Authors: Ban Bharat , Hodgins Steve , Thapa Pranita , Thapa Surakschha , Joshi Deepak , Dhungana Adhish , KC Anjana , Guenther Tanya , Adhikari Shilu , Scudder Elaine , Ram Pavani
Published: April 2020

Background: Previous research has documented that across South Asia, as well as in some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, the private sector is the primary source of outpatient care for sick infants and children and, in many settings, informal providers play a bigger role than credentialed health professionals (particularly for the poorer segments of the population). This is the case in Nepal. This study sought to characterize medicine shop-based service providers in rural areas and small urban centers in Nepal, their role in the care and treatment of sick infants and children (with a particular focus on infants aged <2 months), and the quality of the care provided. A secondary objective was to characterize availability and quality of such care provided by physicians in these settings.Methods: A nationally representative sample of medicine shops was drawn, in rural settings and small urban centers in Nepal, from 25 of the 75 districts in Nepal, using multi-stage cluster methodology, with a final sample of 501 shops and 82 physician-run clinics. Face-to-face interviews were conducted.Results: Most medicine shops outside urban areas were not registered with the Department of Drug Administration (DDA). Most functioned as de facto clinics, with credentialed paramedical workers (having 2-3 years of training) diagnosing patients and making treatment decisions. Such a role falls outside their formally sanctioned scope of practice. Quality of care problems were identified among medicine shop-based providers and physicians, including over-use of antibiotics for treating diarrhea, inaccurate weighing technique to determine antibiotic dose, and inappropriate use of injectable steroids for treating potentially severe infections in young infants.Conclusions: Medicine shop-based practitioners in Nepal represent a particular type of informal provider; although most have recognized paramedical credentials, they offer services falling outside their formal scope of practice. Nevertheless, given the large proportion of the population served by these practitioners, engagement to strengthen quality of care by these providers and referral to the formal health sector is warranted.
Factors associated with seeking post-abortion care among women in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Yan , Xiong Ribo
Published: April 2020

Background: In China, the vast majority of induced abortions are performed in public hospitals. However, post-abortion care (PAC) services are provided through the national network of family planning clinics, which are independent of the health care system. The integration of PAC services into abortion clinics in public hospitals is a new concept. This study aimed to assess PAC utilization among abortion patients, and identify the possible factors associated with PAC uptake in Guangzhou, China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 431 women aged 15-43 years in Tianhe district of Guangzhou, China from June to September 2018. We estimated multivariate logistic regression model to examine the factors associated with utilization of PAC services. Results: Less than half (42%) of the participants used PAC services. Married women were 2.7 times significantly more likely to use PAC services than their unmarried counterparts. Immigrants were 52% significantly less likely to use PAC services than non-immigrants. Women who perceived that their fertility could return later and those who did not know were 45% and 61% significantly less likely to use PAC compared to those who knew that their fertility could return soon after an abortion. Women with limited decision-making autonomy regarding contraceptive use were 54% significantly less likely to use PAC services than those who made such decisions themselves.Conclusions: The findings suggest the need for policies and programs to not only strengthen the provision of PAC services but also promote uptake among disadvantaged sub-groups of women in the study setting.
Impact of elastic ankle exoskeleton stiffness on neuromechanics and energetics of human walking across multiple speeds
Authors: Nuckols Richard W. , Sawicki Gregory S.
Published: April 2020

Background: Elastic ankle exoskeletons with intermediate stiffness springs in parallel with the human plantarflexors can reduce the metabolic cost of walking by ~7% at 1.25 m s -1 . In a move toward ‘real-world’ application, we examined whether the unpowered approach has metabolic benefit across a range of walking speeds, and if so, whether the optimal exoskeleton stiffness was speed dependent. We hypothesized that, for any walking speed, there would be an optimal ankle exoskeleton stiffness - not too compliant and not too stiff - that minimizes the user’s metabolic cost. In addition, we expected the optimal stiffness to increase with walking speed. Methods: Eleven participants walked on a level treadmill at 1.25, 1.50, and 1.75 m s -1 while we used a state-of-the-art exoskeleton emulator to apply bilateral ankle exoskeleton assistance at five controlled rotational stiffnesses (k exo = 0, 50, 100, 150, 250 Nm rad -1 ). We measured metabolic cost, lower limb joint mechanics, and EMG of muscles crossing the ankle, knee, and hip. Results: Metabolic cost was significantly reduced at the lowest exoskeleton stiffness (50 Nm rad -1 ) for assisted walking at both 1.25 (4.2%; p = 0.0162) and 1.75 m s -1 (4.7%; p = 0.0045). At these speeds, the metabolically optimal exoskeleton stiffness provided peak assistive torques of ~0.20 Nm kg -1 that resulted in reduced biological ankle moment of ~12% and reduced soleus muscle activity of ~10%. We found no stiffness that could reduce the metabolic cost of walking at 1.5 m s -1 . Across all speeds, the non-weighted sum of soleus and tibialis anterior activation rate explained the change in metabolic rate due to exoskeleton assistance ( p < .05; R 2 > 0.56). Conclusions: Elastic ankle exoskeletons with low rotational stiffness reduce users’ metabolic cost of walking at slow and fast but not intermediate walking speed. The relationship between the non-weighted sum of soleus and tibialis activation rate and metabolic cost (R 2 > 0.56) indicates that muscle activation may drive metabolic demand. Future work using simulations and ultrasound imaging will get ‘under the skin’ and examine the interaction between exoskeleton stiffness and plantarflexor muscle dynamics to better inform stiffness selection in human-machine systems.
Diagnostic Performance of APRI and FIB-4 for Confirming Cirrhosis in Indonesian HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients
Authors: Yunihastuti Evy , Wicaksana Bramantya , Wiraguna Andrian , Hidayah Ainum Jhariah , Amelia Fhadilla , Natali Veritea , Widhani Alvina , Sulaiman Andri Sanityoso , Kurniawan Juferdy
Published: April 2020

Background After successful of antiretroviral therapy, highly effective direct acting antiviral (DAA) make HCV elimination reasonable in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. However, in achieving this target, there are still barriers to start DAA treatment, particularly in the area of liver fibrosis assessment that determine the duration of therapy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients using hepatic transient elastography (TE) as gold standard.Method This is a retrospective study on HIV/HCV co-infected patients who concomitantly performed hepatic TE measurement, APRI, and FIB-4 evaluation before HCV treatment initiation at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta from 2014 to 2019. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of indirect biomarkers for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 12.5 kPa was determined by receiver operator characteristics curves. Results 223 HIV/HCV co-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapy were included, of whom 91.5% were male with mean age of 37 (SD 5) years. Only 28.7% of patients were classified as cirrhosis (F4). Using TE as gold standard (≥12.5 kPa), the low threshold of APRI (1) had specificity 95%, sensitivity 48.4%, correctly classified 81.6% of patients, with moderate performance, AUC at 0.72 (95% CI 0.63-0.80). The optimal cut-off of FIB-4 was 1.66 [specificity 92.5%, sensitivity 53.1%, AUC at 0.73 (95% CI 0.65-0.81)] and correctly classified 81.1% of the patients.Conclusion APRI score > 1 and FIB-4 score > 1.66 had moderate performance with high specificity in diagnosing cirrhosis. These biochemical markers could be used while TE is not available.