bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Complicated With Type 2 Diabetes on Long‐term Cardiovascular Risks and All-cause Mortality in Elderly Patients
Authors: Su Xiaofeng , Li JianHua , Gao Yinghui , Chen Kaibing Kaibing , Gao Yan , Guo JingJing , Min Min , Zou Xiao , Xu Weihao , Zhao LiBo , Huanhuan Huanhuan , Wang Yabin , Liu Juan , Xu Hu , Kong Xiaoxuan , Lin Junling , Qian Xiaoshun , Han Jiming , Liu Lin
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe prognostic significance of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in elderly patients with OSA complicated with type 2 diabetes compared to patients with OSA without type 2 diabetes.MethodsFrom January 2015 to October 2017, 1113 eligible elderly patients with OSA were enrolled in this consecutive multicentre prospective cohort study. An apnoea-hypopnoea index of ≥5 events per hour recorded by polysomnography was defined as the diagnostic criterion for OSA. We collected baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, sleep parameters and follow-up outcomes. The primary aim of this study was to determine the risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, components of MACE and a composite of all events. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate whether type 2 diabetes was associated with incident events.ResultsA total of 266 (23.9%) patients had OSA complicated with type 2 diabetes. MACE occurred in 97 patients during the median 42-month follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated a significant relationship between OSA and MACE (log-rank P=0.003). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that type 2 diabetes increased the risk of MACE (HR=1.68, 95% CI:1.10-2.58, P=0.018), hospitalisation for unstable angina (HR=1.87, 95% CI:1.03-3.39, P=0.038) and a composite of all events in elderly patients with OSA (HR=1.72, 95% CI:1.12-2.64, P=0.012). However, there were no significant differences in the incidence of cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, MI and hospitalisation for heart failure between patients with and without diabetes (P>0.05). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that females (AHR=2.50, 95% CI:1.15-5.43, P=0.021), ≥ 70 years (AHR=1.99, 95% CI:1.08-3.65, P=0.027), overweight and obese (AHR=1.75, 95% CI:1.10-2.80, P=0.019) with mild OSA (AHR=2.30, 95% CI: 1.01-5.26, P=0.49) were at a higher risk for MACE by diabetes.ConclusionOSA and type 2 diabetes are interrelated and synergistic with MACE, hospitalisation for unstable angina and a composite of all events development. Overweight and obese females, ≥ 70 years with mild OSA combined with type 2 diabetes presented a significantly high MACE risk.
Using Machine Learning To Understand Suicide: A New Approach To Classifying Australian Coroner’s Court Decisions
Authors: Iyer Ravi , Seabrook Elizabeth , Sukunesan Suku , Nedeljkovic Maja , Meyer Denny
Published: June 2021

We aimed to demonstrate how a large collection of publicly accessible Australian Coroner’s Court case files (n=4459) (2009-2019) can be automatically classified for determination of death by suicide, presence of mental health disorder and sex of deceased via Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods - supervised machine learning and unsupervised dictionary-based and string search based approaches. We achieved superior levels of accuracy in the machine learning classification (Gradient Boosting vs. Random Forest baseline) of deaths by suicide of 83.3% (sensitivity = 85.1%, Specificity = 79.1%) and an accuracy of 98.3% for the dictionary-based classification of mental health disorder, as defined by the OCD-10 (sensitivity = 99.0%, specificity = 97.9%). Our machine learning approach automatically classified 24.2% (1078/4459) of the case files as referring to deaths by suicide while 63.7% (2940/4459) where classified as exhibiting a mental health disorder1. We employed a two-stage machine learning approach involving feature engineering, followed by predictive modelling in the second. Feature engineering involved several steps including removal of low value text, parts of speech analysis, term document weighting and topic clustering. Predictive classification involved extensive hyperparameter tuning to yield the most accurate model. We validated our models against a manually pre-coded subsample of case files, and also via binary logistic regression to test the contribution of each classified mental health disorder against determinations of deaths by suicide according to extant literature. This validation step confirmed elevated odds of suicide attributed to diagnoses of Depression, Schizophrenia and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Finally, we offer a short case study to demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in investigating a subset of case findings referring to suicides resulting from family violence. We offer a proof of concept model that demonstrates an objective and scalable approach to the analysis of legal texts. The use of NLP methods in analysing Coroner's Court case findings has important implications for the ongoing development of a real-time surveillance of suicide system in Australia.
The dynamics of circulating heparin-binding protein (HBP) - implications for its use as a biomarker
Authors: Fisher Jane , Kahn Fredrik , Wiebe Elena , Gustafsson Pontus , Kander Thomas , Mellhammar Lisa , Bentzer Peter , Linder Adam
Published: June 2021

Background Heparin Binding Protein (HBP) is a promising new biomarker for the development and severity of sepsis. To guide the use of HBP as a biomarker it is important to understand the factors that may lead to false positive or negative results. The mechanisms that could lead to falsely elevated HBP levels include inappropriate release and inadequate clearance of HBP by the responsible cells and organs. HBP is presumably released only by neutrophils and the organs responsible for its elimination are unknown. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine whether non-neutrophil cells can be a source of HBP in the circulation and which organs are responsible for its removal.Results We measured HBP in two cohorts of neutropenic patients and found that 12% and 19% of patients in each cohort respectively had detectable HBP levels. In vitro, we found that three leukemia-derived monocytic cell lines and healthy CD14 + monocytes constitutively released detectable levels of HBP. Next we injected HBP intravenously in rats found that plasma levels of HBP decreased rapidly, with a distribution half-life below 10 minutes and an elimination half-life of 1–2 hours. We measured HBP levels in the liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and urine using both ELISA and immunofluorescence quantitation and found that the majority of HBP was present in the liver and a small amount was present in the spleen. Immunofluorescence imaging indicated that HBP is associated mainly with hepatocytes in the liver and monocytes/macrophages in the spleen.Conclusions HBP can be found in some neutropenic patients. Other than neutrophils, malignant myeloid cells and monocytic cells may be an additional source of HBP. HBP disappears rapidly from the circulation and distributes primarily to liver hepatocytes and spleen monocytes/macrophages. The impact of hematologic malignancies and liver diseases on plasma HBP levels should be explored further in clinical studies.
Comparative Study of Flood Coincidence Risk in The Mainstream and Its Tributaries
Authors: Li Na , Guo Shenglian , Xiong Feng , Wang Jun
Published: June 2021

The coincidence of floods in the mainstream and its tributaries may lead to a large flooding in the downstream confluence area, and the flood coincidence risk analysis is very important for flood prevention and disaster reduction. In this study, the multiple regression model was used to establish the functional relationship among flood magnitudes in the mainstream and its tributaries. The mixed von Mises distribution and Pearson Type III distribution were selected to fit the probability distribution of the annual maximum flood occurrence dates and magnitudes, respectively. The joint distributions of the annual maximum flood occurrence dates and magnitudes were established using copula function. Fuhe River in the Poyang Lake region was selected as a study case. The joint probability, co-occurrence probability and conditional probability of flood magnitudes were calculated and compared with the simulated results of the observed data. The results show that the selected marginal and joint distributions perform well in simulating the observed flood data. The coincidence probabilities of flood occurrence dates in the upper mainstream and its tributaries mainly occur from May to early July. Among the three coincidence probability calculation methods, the conditional probability is the most consistent with the flood coincidence risk in the mainstream and its tributaries, which is more reliable and rational in practice. The results reflect the actual flood coincidence situation in the Fuhe River basin and can provide technique support for flood control decision-making.
Stranded human and produced capital in a net-zero transition
Authors: Mercure Jean-Francois , Chester Daniel , Lynch Cormac , Jarvis Stephen , Jarvis Andrew
Published: June 2021

The pace of the net-zero transition required to meet the Paris Agreement objectives puts the value of existing carbon-dependent capital at risk of premature depreciation.1–3 A policy debate has emerged over whether such substantial financial loss affects market valuation and stability.4–6 Here, we quantify the current value of existing global human and produced capital, sector by sector, and compare the rate at which it naturally depreciates with that at which it would be required to depreciate to achieve climate targets. Comparison allows us to determine the human and produced capital value at risk across the economy by sector. We find that stopping the production of carbon intensive capital and the training of carbon intensive occupations in 2020 allows a better than 50 percent chance to achieve a 2°C target. However, achieving net-zero in 2050 implies capital value at risk approaching 50 T$, three quarters of which is human capital. We conclude that intervention in both the financial and educational systems may be warranted in order to reduce these risks, where training a workforce for occupations that may soon cease to exist could be avoided.
Dietary Restriction Induces a Stable Metabolic Obesity Phenotype in Drosophila Melanogaster
Authors: Asiimwe Oscar Hilary , Sulaiman Sheu Oluwadare , Ochieng Juma John , Onanyang David , Osuwat Lawrence Obado , Ndinawe John Mark , Okpanachi Alfred Omachonu , Kasozi Keneth Iceland
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveChallenges associated with current nutritional models to induce obesity in Drosophila melanogaster created a rationale for this study. The objective of the study was to investigate biochemical changes associated with high-fat diet (HFD), high sucrose diet (HSD), and a protein-restricted diet (DR) to induce a healthy metabolic obesity state. Drosophila melanogaster were fed to four experimental diets: regular food (control), HFD, HSD, and DR, for four weeks. Peristaltic waves were measured on 3rd instar larvae, while negative geotaxis, body mass, catalase activity; and total triglycerides, sterol, and protein were measured in adult Drosophila melanogaster.ResultsDR produced a Drosophila melanogaster phenotype which had superior adaptive advantages than that generated from HFD and HSD. HFD was the best phenotype during larval stages; however, locomotory, body mass, triglyceride, sterol concentrations, and catalase activity were highest in the DR phenotype during adulthood. High catalase activity and high triglyceride content demonstrated a balanced and healthy metabolic obesity status than in other phenotypes in the adult stage. Evolutionary changes are responsible for the selective advantage of the DR phenotype over the HFD phenotype. Prospective studies to guide therapy and community behavior should place more emphasis on the DR phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster.
Activity of the Mouse Notch ligand DLL1 is Sensitive to C-terminal Tagging in Vivo
Authors: Schuster-Gossler Karin , Boldt Karsten , Bornhorst Dorothee , Delany-Heiken Patricia , Ueffing Marius , Gossler Achim
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThe mammalian Notch ligand DLL1 has essential functions during development. To visualise DLL1 in tissues, for sorting and enrichment of DLL1-expressing cells, and to efficiently purify DLL1 protein complexes we tagged DLL1 in mice with AcGFPHA or Strep/FLAG. ResultsWe generated constructs to express DLL1 that carried C-terminal in-frame an AcGFPHA tag flanked by loxP sites followed by a Strep/FLAG (SF) tag out of frame. Cre-mediated recombination replaced AcGFP-HA by SF. The AcGFPHAstopSF cassette was added to DLL1 for tests in cultured cells and introduced into endogenous DLL1 in mice by homologous recombination. Tagged DLL1 protein was detected by antibodies against GFP and HA or Flag, respectively, both in CHO cells and embryo lysates. In CHO cells the AcGFP protein fused to DLL1 was functional. In vivo AcGFP expression was below the level of detection by direct fluorescence. However, the SF tag allowed us to specifically purify DLL1 complexes from embryo lysates. Homozygous mice expressing AcGFPHA or SF-tagged DLL1 revealed a vertebral column phenotype reminiscent of disturbances in AP polarity during somitogenesis, a process most sensitive to reduced DLL1 function. Thus, even small C-terminal tags can impinge on sensitive developmental processes requiring DLL1 activity.
Health Status Perception of People Close to Retirement Age: Relationship with Mental Health and Healthy Habits
Authors: Monge-Martín Diana , Caballero-Martínez Fernando , Forjaz Maria João , Castillo Manuel J. , Rodríguez-Blázquez Carmen
Published: June 2021

Background: The ageing of today's society intensifies the need for the correct and healthy ageing of the elderly, in order to ensure their overall well-being. Practical strategies are needed to acquire healthy habits at this stage of life. The aim of this study is to analyse the life habits of subjects close to retirement age and the factors that could influence these habits (gender, physical and mental health). Methods: A national (Spain) observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, in which people close to retirement age are surveyed. The online survey included matters regarding socio-demographic, family, work, leisure, social participation and health indicators. Results: The study comprised of 1,700 participants (581 working; 714 retired), average age = 63 years (DT 5.7); 52% women. Most reported having a satisfactory social life (90%), living in pairs (74%), not smoking (80%), following a Mediterranean diet (73%) and taking medicines daily (70%). Disability (WHODAS-12) was higher in men (8.2 vs 6.5, p<0.001) although women showed more health problems and depression (mild-severe) (27% vs 17%, p<0.001), with a healthier diet and lower physical/work activity. The multivariate model showed a significant association of health status (EQ-VAS) with disability level, number of chronic diseases, sleep habits, exercise, diet, and alcohol consumption. When the level of depression was introduced, age and being a woman were also found to be related. In the subgroup of those retired or working (n=1295), retirees reported a better health status, associated with less disability, fewer chronic illnesses, lower depression, good eating and sleeping habits, and exercise. Conclusions: The results show that retirement does not necessarily mean worse health, but rather an opportunity in life to reinforce favourable health activities and correct those lifestyle factors that deteriorate it. This, together with the differences observed according to gender in the perception of clinical and psychological health, will allow for the design of strategies that promote healthy ageing.
Hydrogen Production From Water Under UV Radiation with Carbon Dioxide Mediation
Authors: Morawski Antoni , Kusiak-Nejman Ewelina , Pelech Iwona , Ćmielewska Katarzyna , Sibera Daniel , Staciwa Piotr , Wanag Agnieszka , Gano Marcin , Ekiert Ewa , Kapica-Kozar Joanna , Narkiewicz Urszula
Published: June 2021

A simple method of hydrogen production through the decomposition of water subjected to UV radiation is presented. Water contained dissolved sodium hydroxide and the solution was saturated with carbon dioxide gas. During saturation, the pH value dropped from about 11.5 to 7-8. The produced bicarbonate and carbonate ions acted as scavengers for hydroxyl radicals, preventing recombination of hydroxyl and hydrogen radicals, and giving priority to the formation of hydrogen gas.In the presented method, the production of hydrogen is combined with the utilization of carbon dioxide.
Antibody-Conjugated Magnetic Beads For Sperm Sexing By A Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube Microfluidic Device
Authors: Phiphattanaphiphop Chalinee , Leksakul Komgrit , Wanta Thananut , Khamlor Trisadee , Phattanakun Rungrueang
Published: June 2021

Bull production industries demand specific sexual bulls in response to different business productivity requirements. Therefore, sexual separation of sperm is essential for the livestock industry, increasing the demand for assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). A popular sexual separation method in ART is monoclonal antibody enhancement, which does not affect the quality of the sperm and has specificity with high sexual separation accuracy. Moreover, microfluidic technique is an innovative tool for sperm separation, with increased installation efficiency and convenience but low accuracy and speed of detection. In this study, particles were separated using magnetic beads, magnetic beads on monoclonal antibodies, and sperm with the function of magnetic beads on monoclonal antibodies by controlling the microfluidic system fluid flow rate at 2 µL/min and releasing a 2.5-V electric field. This microfluidic device separated 100% and 95.42% of the magnetic beads and magnetic beads on monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The sperm separation test results showed that positively charged sperm Y moved to the negative electrical fluid channel with a specially designed multi-walled carbon nanotube microfluidic device that showed an X- and Y-sperm separation with a success rate of 80.12%. Compared with natural pregnancy (X- and Y-sperm ration 50:50, 50%), our proposed method is approximately 30.12% better.
Autonomy and focus of attention in medical motor skills learning: a randomized experiment
Authors: Pollok Franziska , Cook David A. , Shaikh Nizamuddin , Pankratz Shane , Morrey Mark E. , Laack Torrey A.
Published: June 2021

Background The ‘OPTIMAL’ (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation for Learning) theory of motor learning suggests that autonomy, external focus of attention, and perceived competence can improve learning of simple motor tasks. The authors hypothesized that enhanced (vs. routine) autonomy and external (vs. internal) focus of attention would improve first-try performance of two medical motor tasks.Methods The authors conducted a randomized two-by-two factorial design study with high school students as participants. Task instructions promoted either enhanced or routine autonomy, and either external or internal focus of attention. These conditions were replicated in a crossover design for two common medical tasks (chest compressions on a manikin and a Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery peg transfer task). Primary outcomes were objective measures of task performance (chest compression deviation from target depth; peg transfer time with penalties for errors). Secondary outcomes included subjective perceptions of confidence, autonomy, and workload.Results 133 high school students participated in this study. The primary outcomes concerning enhanced vs. routine autonomy demonstrated no statistically significant difference in either task (chest compression depth deviation: difference − 0.7 mm [score range 0 to 37.5 mm]; 95% confidence interval (CI95) -3.85, 2.41; p = .65; peg transfer penalized time: rate ratio 1.03; CI95 0.91, 1.31; p = .79). The authors likewise found no statistically significant difference for external vs. internal focus of attention (depth deviation: difference 1.1 mm; CI95 -2.04, 4.17; p = .50; penalized time: rate ratio 0.89; CI95 0.75, 1.13; p = .33). The authors found no statistically significant differences for either comparison in confidence, autonomy and workload (p > .09; differences ranged from − 0.83 to 0.79 [scale range 0 to 10]).Conclusions First-try performance of chest compressions and peg transfer by novice learners is not significantly affected by enhanced (vs. routine) autonomy or external (vs. internal) focus of attention.
Early Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia with Anakinra Guided by Urokinase Plasminogen Receptor
Authors: Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos , Kyriazopoulou Evdoxia , Poulakou Garyfallia , Milionis Haralampos , Metallidis Simeon , Adamis Georgios , Tsiakos Konstantinos , Fragkou Archontoula , Rapti Aggeliki , Damoulari Christina , Fantoni Massimo , Kalomenidis Ioannis , Chrysos Georgios , Angeheben Andrea , Kainis Ilias , Alexiou Zoi , Castelli Francesco , Serino Francesco Saverio , Tsilika Maria , Bakakos Petros , Nicastri Emanuele , Tzavara Vassiliki , Kostis Evangelos , Dagna Lorenzo , Koufargyris Panayiotis , Dimakou Katerina , Savvanis Spyridon , Tzatzagou Glykeria , Chini Maria , Cavalli Giulio , Bassetti Matteo , Katrini Konstantina , Kotsis Vasileios , Tsoukalas George , Selmi Carlo , Bliziotis Ioannis , Samarkos Michael , Doumas Michael , Ktena Sofia , Masgala Aikaterini , Papanikolaou Ilias , Kosmidou Maria , Myrodia Dimitra-Melia , Argyraki Aikaterini , Cardellino Chiara Simona , Koliakou Katerina , Katsigianni Eleni-Ioanna , Rapti Vassiliki , Giannitsioti Efthymia , Cingolani Antonella , Micha Styliani , Akinosoglou Karolina , Liatsis-Douvitsas Orestis , Symbardi Styliani , Gatselis Nikolaos , Mouktaroudi Maria , Ippolito Giuseppe , Florou Eleni , Kotsaki Antigone , Netea Mihai , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Kyprianou Miltiades , Panagopoulos Periklis , Dalekos George
Published: June 2021

Early recognition of risk and start of treatment may improve unfavorable outcome of COVID-19. In the SAVE-MORE double-blind randomized trial, 594 patients with pneumonia without respiratory dysfunction at risk as defined by plasma suPAR (soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor) ≥ 6 ng/ml were 1:2 randomized to subcutaneous placebo or 100 mg anakinra once daily for 10 days; 85.9% were co-administered dexamethasone. After 28 days, anakinra-treated patients were distributed to lower strata of the 11-point World Health Organization ordinal Clinical Progression Scale (WHO-CPS) (adjusted odds ratio-OR 0.36; 95%CI 0.26–0.50; P < 0.001); anakinra protected from severe disease or death (≥ 6 points of WHO-CPS) (OR: 0.46; P: 0.010). The median WHO-CPS decrease in the placebo and anakinra groups was 3 and 4 points (OR 0.40; P < 0.0001); the median decrease of SOFA score was 0 and 1 points (OR 0.63; P: 0.004). 28-day mortality decreased (hazard ratio: 0.45; P: 0.045) and hospital stay was shorter. (Sponsored by the Hellenic Institute for the Study of Sepsis ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT04680949)
RESPONSE OF HETEROTROPHIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES TO AN ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT IN THE FLOODPLAIN OF MAPIRE RIVER, VENEZUELA
Authors: Zamora-Figueroa Alejandra , Hernández-Valencia Ismael , Malaver Nora
Published: June 2021

Soil physico-chemical characteristics of floodplains, particularly hydrology, influence microbiological activity. As such, each river floodplain system has a unique physico-chemical dynamic that in turn supports the microbial community. The Mapire River floodplain is a complex system in which seasonal flood pulses cause changes in the soil physico-chemical variables. We examined how these temporal and spatial differences are associated with the microbiological activity along a seasonally flooded gradient at the mouth of the Mapire River (Lower Orinoco, Venezuela). Soil samples were collected during three different seasons by a systematic sampling at 4 points of the gradient, defined by the intensity of flooding. The physico-chemical parameters of the soil were determined and related by the density and physiological profile of the microbial community through multivariate permutation analysis and gradient analysis. The results indicate that there is a spatial gradient determined by soil clay content and a temporal gradient influenced by moisture and total organic carbon. Significant differences were found among soil zones and seasons, with the interaction of both factors also significant. It was observed that microbial activity is decisive in phosphorus dynamics, even during flooding. It is concluded that amid the complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, microbial communities are able to respond to changes in the physico-chemical soil environment and maintain their activity throughout the hydroperiod.
Identification of A New Biomarker For Herpes Zoster Infection in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hashimoto Marowa , Funahashi Keiko , Tsumiyama Ken , Takashima Yoshinori , Maeda Toshihisa , Fukuda Koji , Hayashi Shinya , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsubara Tsukasa
Published: June 2021

Herpes zoster (HZ) is known as a side effect of using biologics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Incidence of this side effect may be different depending on genetic factors because susceptibility to HZ infection varies by race. Here, we analyzed the statistical relationships of whole genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with HZ infection in biologics-treated RA patients.The subjects were 321 Japanese female patients (including 56 herpes virus infected patients) of RA using biologics. The relationships of 302,814 SNPs with HZ infection were analyzed using case-control analyses by Fisher’s exact tests. We picked up SNPs (P < 10-8) significantly associated with HZ infection. Then, herpes infection was compared among the genotypes using a multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for onset age of RA.Rs10774580 located in 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase like gene (OASL) was significantly associated with herpes virus infection. The minor allele homozygous carrier was positively associated with herpes virus infection in multivariate analysis.We for the first time showed a significant relationship between a genetic factor and HZ infection among RA patients. Rs10774580 may be one of the biomarkers for HZ infection.
Hand function and cost effectiveness after collagenase injection versus aponeurectomy for Dupuytren’s contracture: results of the CeCORD-J study
Authors: Yamamoto Michiro , Yasunaga Hideo , Kakinoki Ryosuke , Tsubokawa Naoto , Morita Akimasa , Tanaka Katsumi , Sakai Akinori , Kurahashi Toshikazu , Hirata Hitoshi , Tatebe Masahiro , Onishi Tetsuro , Iwatsuki Katsuyuki , Tokutake Katsuhiro , Otani Kazuhiro , Menuki Kunitaka , Yamanaka Yoshiaki , Urata Shiro , Oguchi Takeshi , Iwasaki Norimasa , Matsui Yuichiro , Ikegami Hiroyasu , Sakano Hiroaki , Katsumura Tetsu , Nishiwaki Masao , Tanaka Toshikazu , Hirase Yuichi , Kanno Yuri , Kato Hiroyuki , Hayashi Masanori , Omokawa Shohei , Hasegawa Hideo , Gotani Hiroyuki , Tanaka Yoshitaka , Sunagawa Toru , Shinomiya Rikuo , Kajiwara Rhoji , Nakao Etsuhiro , Nishizuka Takanobu , Hattori Yasunori , Shinohara Takaaki , Watanabe Kentaro , Okui Nobuyuki , Koshima Hiroshi , Tajika Tsuyoshi , Ohi Hiroyuki , Kaji Yoshio , Nagayoshi Eiichi , Igarashi Ataru
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThis study compared hand function and the cost effectiveness of treatment between collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injection and limited fasciectomy for patients with Dupuytren’s contracture (DC).Materials and MethodsThe CeCORD-J study is a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized controlled, observational study of two parallel groups. Participants were DC patients with multiple affected fingers, including flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. The primary outcome was the Hand10 score, as a patient-reported outcome measure. We set secondary outcomes of EQ-5D-5L score, degree of extension deficit, and direct cost. Propensity score adjustment was used to balance differences in patient characteristics between groups.ResultsParticipants comprised 52 patients in the Collagenase group and 26 patients in the Surgery group. Hand10 score was significantly better in the Collagenase group at 1 and 2 weeks. EQ-5D-5L score was significantly higher in the Collagenase group at 8 weeks. Mean direct cost was 248,000 yen higher in the Surgery group than in the Collagenase group. Extension deficit angle of the PIP joint was significantly larger in the Collagenase group at 26 weeks.ConclusionsCCH injection provides better short-term hand function and cost effectiveness than surgery.UMIN-CTR (UMIN000029826)
Neonatal testing leading to the identification of Bh (para-Bombay) phenotype in the mother: case report with review of the literature
Authors: Mohan G. , Vaidya A. , Shastry S.
Published: June 2021

Para-Bombay is a rare phenotype with a homozygous nonfunctional FUT1 gene and a normal FUT2 gene leading to H-deficient red blood cells (RBCs) with or without ABH substances, depending on inheritance of the ABO gene. This case is about a 5-day-old male baby suffering from sepsis who required a 45-mL packed RBC transfusion. The baby’s sample tested as A1B, D+ and mother’s sample tested as group O, D+ with group 4 discrepancy due to ABO isoagglutinins. Further workup of the mother’s sample with anti-H lectin was negative, which suggested the mother to be group Oh, D+. Antibody screening was panreactive with negative autocontrol, suggestive of anti-H. The titer of immunoglobulin (Ig)M anti-H was 64, IgG titer using dithiothreitol was 8, and anti-IH was absent. A negative adsorption and elution test suggested that RBCs were devoid of A and B antigens. The father’s sample tested clearly as group A1, D+; hence, the cis-AB blood group was ruled out in the baby. The secretor study of the mother’s saliva revealed the presence of B and H substances that neutralized polyclonal B and H antisera. Therefore, we concluded that the mother was of the para-Bombay (Bh) phenotype. This case highlights the importance of reverse grouping and resolving blood grouping discrepancies between mother and child―in this case because of an incongruous ABO blood type of the baby and the mother who was previously tested as group O, D+.
Severe perinatal hemolytic disease due to anti-e
Authors: Soler-Noda G. , Romero-Díaz Y. , Orbeal-Aldama L. , Aquino-Rojas S.
Published: June 2021

Maternal antibody-mediated fetal red blood cell destruction secondary to non-D Rh system antibodies is a significant cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Here, we report a rare case of severe perinatal hemolytic disease associated with maternal antibody to the e antigen. In addition to severe anemia, the infant developed hyperbilirubinemia. Resolution of the infant’s anemia and hyperbilirubinemia occurred after treatment with phototherapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, and transfusion.
Effect of cryopreservation on a rare McLeod donor red blood cell concentrate
Authors: Turner T.R. , Clarke G. , Denomme G.A. , Skeate R. , Acker J.P.
Published: June 2021

Units of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates with rare phenotypes are typically not included in method validation studies for cryopreservation processes; rather, they are reserved for patients with rare blood needs. Some rare RBC phenotypes may demonstrate membrane abnormalities, like acanthocytosis as observed for RBCs with the McLeod phenotype, and are specifically banked for these rare attributes; however, the impact that rare RBC phenotypes have on post-thaw quality has not been well studied. To evaluate how a rare RBC phenotype is affected by the cryopreservation process, 4 RBC units, cryopreserved in 1993 using manual methods, were selected for evaluation. These RBCs included one with the McLeod phenotype and three with phenotypes not known to cause significant membrane changes. Post-thaw, an altered deglycerolization protocol, implemented to reduce supernatant glycerol after cryopreservation, was used before processing RBCs on an automated closed system (ACP 215; Haemonetics, Boston, MA) to accommodate the use of a closed system cell processor not available when the RBC units were previously cryopreserved. RBC quality was tested at 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days post-deglycerolization. Before deglycerolization, an extracted sample from the thawed glycerolized RBC unit was used to obtain genetic material for phenotype confirmation. Genotyping confirmed the McLeod phenotype. When comparing McLeod with non-McLeod units, RBCs from the McLeod donor exhibited acanthocytosis, higher rigidity, and lower morphology scores than RBCs from the non-McLeod units post-deglycerolization. Hemolysis, however, was comparable across all 4 units, meeting regulatory standards. Therefore, McLeod RBCs can withstand cryopreservation, suggesting that units from these donors, glycerolized using older methods, can be deglycerolized using the ACP 215 and stored hypothermically for 14 days. It was also determined that genotyping can be performed on non-leukocyte–reduced cryopreserved RBCs, allowing for confirmation of genetic profiles of donor units banked before the implementation of molecular methods.
A case series highlighting a common approach to identifying anti-Jk3
Authors: Talabong D.J.A.M. , Kelley W.E.
Published: June 2021

The Kidd-null phenotype, Jk(a–b–), is rare, and a patient with this phenotype may develop anti-Jk3, a red blood cell (RBC) antibody reactive with a domain common to both Jka and Jkb. Like other antibodies to high-prevalence antigens, the presence of this antibody poses challenges in the immunohematologic evaluation of these patients. Thoughtful laboratory testing is necessary to resolve the antibody specificity and to reveal other underlying antibodies. Moreover, the rarity of the Kidd-null phenotype makes finding blood donors difficult for those who need transfusion and have developed anti-Jk3. This review describes methods used in identifying anti-Jk3 in four pregnant patients. Blood bank records were retrospectively reviewed to illustrate the common approach in anti-Jk3 identification. In all cases, pertinent blood bank history was gathered, and extended RBC phenotyping was performed, followed by adsorption studies and testing of selected RBCs. Underlying antibodies were found in two of the cases. This review also reiterates some common challenges encountered with Kidd antibody analysis and highlights the importance of patient ethnic ancestry and obtaining accurate patient transfusion history.
Starbucks coffee corporation’s marketing response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: V. Lombardi Conner , T. Chidiac Neejad , C. Record Benjamin
Published: June 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has a significant influence on businesses and marketing strategies across the globe, including Starbucks Coffee. The COVID-19 pandemic has been completely novel in its unprecedented impact on the modern globalized economy. This in-depth analysis of this coffeehouse provides recommendations that were carefully considered within the context of the current public health crisis. The objective of this study was to systematically analyze the strategic marketing approach of Starbucks Coffee to generate recommendations that can not only be applied to Starbucks but marketing endeavors more broadly. A comprehensive review approach was adopted beginning with a thorough situational analysis. Problems and opportunities related to the marketing of Starbucks Coffee were investigated and recommendations were generated. All stages of the study were robustly supported with relevant citations. Starbucks has matrixed a complex corporate structure that supports not only its survival but its continued development even in an increasingly dense and competitive marketplace. While Starbucks must continue to intermittently reevaluate its key problems and key opportunities, especially in the approaching few financial years, the company is operating with impressive effectiveness through the adversities of 2020 thus far. After a careful analysis, Starbucks Coffee should increase the distribution of products that are more likely to succeed during the COVID-19 pandemic, expand pick-up and delivery services, implement additional store locations in underdeveloped geographic market segments, and utilize its vast array of promotional mediums to optimize brand positioning as they approach a reopening world.
Warm Colors, the Encouragement
Authors: Wahidiyat Mita Purbasari
Published: June 2021

The research discussed the warm colors, such as yellow, orange, and red, as individual colors with a composition that could have a different impact on color connoisseurs depending on the background and context. The color was one design element that was rarely noticed but often used in everyday life. Color adds not only the beauty of an object but also the ability to manipulate the eyes and mind, often used to communicate without words. Using the right color at the right time and place could quickly send a message that was both fun and sad. The same color could mean different things in different cultural, social, economic, and political settings. Different cultures endowed color with different meanings depending on many things. As for color users, it was good to understand the effects of colors that were likely to occur to minimize the negative things. The research method applied was a qualitative narrative by collecting data from the literature, interviewing users and connoisseurs of color, observing, and analyzed. It is found that warm colors are often interpreted as bad things for some people in Jakarta, but they can also become symbols of courage and passion. It is hoped that these research results can be used as a rationale for making design work.
Executive force of decisions of arbitration courts
Authors: Sibilov D. M.
Published: June 2021

Arbitration proceedings have been studied as one of the alternative forms of protection of subjective rights, freedoms and interests of individuals and legal entities, in terms of the implementation of arbitration decisions. Consideration of these issues is related to the analysis of the role of arbitration in public relations, the comparison of judicial functions inherent in courts as public authorities, and the limits of jurisdiction of arbitration courts. The division between judicial functions and the jurisdiction of arbitration courts is important. The legal nature of arbitration decisions differs from the legal nature of decisions of official judicial institutions. At the same time, under the conditions provided by law, they have executive force and can be enforced.
Enforcement proceedings are considered as a system of procedural mechanisms for the execution of decisions of courts, other bodies and officials. Decisions of arbitration courts in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On Arbitration Courts", the Law of Ukraine "On Enforcement Proceedings", the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine and the Commercial Procedural Code of Ukraine may be enforced subject to review and admission by competent courts. At the same time, a number of issues of their implementation do not have sufficient scientific development. These questions are connected with fundamental understanding of essence of arbitration proceedings, its place in system of mechanisms of protection of the right, features of executive procedures. These issues need comprehensive research and systematization.
The urgency of the topic is due to the fact that modern legislation is in dynamic development. Arbitration, as well as other out-of-court procedures for the protection of subjective rights, freedoms and interests, has become widespread in public relations. Legislation needs to be improved, it must respond in a timely, appropriate and harmonious way to the challenges that arise in society. The key to this is the creation of a relevant doctrinal approach in the analysis of social phenomena, mechanisms for protecting the rights, freedoms and interests of the subjects of civil and economic relations. The exercise of their powers by arbitrators presupposes a harmonious combination between the legislation on arbitration courts, procedural legislation and the legislation on enforcement proceedings.
Theoretical aspects of the state and local self- government authorities’ relations
Authors: Trachuk P. , Nesterova Iryna Anatoliyvna
Published: June 2021

The article investigates the theoretical and practical aspects of the main parameters of state and self-government structures, its interaction in the process of formation and development of the state, its separation from society. The authors make a general description of the state, local government, social sphere. Attention is paid to the issues of relations between local self-government and institutions of the state, society, institutions of human and citizen’ rights and freedoms. The objective factors of the relationship between the state and self-government principles are considered, including the degree of socio-economic maturity of society, the ratio and arrangement of social groups. An attempt to determine the role of the individual in the implementation of the harmonization of human and citizen rights and freedoms with the interests of the state and society has been made there.
Typical and exemplary cases in administrative proceedings: features and special aspects of consideration
Authors: Balakarieva Iryna , Marchenko Olena , Pysarenko Nadiia
Published: June 2021

Currently, the institute of typical and exemplary cases is represented by the norms of only one of the national procedural laws, namely, the norms of the Code of Administrative Proceedings of Ukraine. This is completely justified because the probability of similar legal disputes between individuals and subjects of authoritative powers is extremely high. Subjects of authoritative powers apply the same rules of law to a wide range of persons. Such application may be based on misunderstanding of general mandatory rules resulting in violation of the rights of individuals or restriction of these rights implementation. Besides, in most cases, the legal disputes to be considered under the rules of administrative proceedings need to be decided as soon as possible. Referring to the institute of typical and exemplary cases makes it possible to ensure the necessary rapid decision-making: the decision at exemplary case gives reference points in considering typical cases. In other words, the judge in fact receives a "competent recommendation" according to which he is obliged to decide a case characterized by typical features. Taking this into account the authors consider that according to the national legislator, the institute of typical and exemplary cases is aimed, inter alia, at ensuring the unity of judicial practice.
The paper presents the analysis of the provisions of procedural law, the study of corresponding court decisions. Taking this into consideration an attempt is made to identify to what extent the implementation of the institute of typical and exemplary cases has influenced the unification of Ukrainian courts judging the public-legal disputes that can be considered the most common.
Contemporary views on European forensics
Authors: Shepitko V.
Published: June 2021

Review of the monograph by well-known criminologists, members of the International Congress of Criminalistics, doctors Vladimir Terekhovich and Elita Nimande "Collection of Articles 2010–2020". This is a monographic study in the form of a collection of scientific works (articles) that were previously published in various journals and collections in English, Latvian and Russian.
Kuzbass Economy: Regional Digital Platforms as a Modernization Strategy
Authors: Astapov Kirill
Published: June 2021

A digital transformation strategy enables companies to build competitive advantages by improving interaction with their consumers and suppliers, and entering new markets. However, the creation of own trading platform by regional companies is not always economically effective. In this regard, it is important to establish digital platforms at the regional level with support from the region, in which several companies would participate. Such platforms will be able to compete more successfully not only with corporate platforms of large companies, but also with such platforms as Amazon and AliExpress. The strategic initiative for the development of regional digital platforms is primarily aimed at innovative companies, which promote their products to end users (BtC). However, regional platforms can serve different markets and different industries, including promotion of industrial products (BtB) produced in the regional industrial clusters of Kuzbass, as well as in other areas, for example, for monitoring indicators of environment pollution. The article discusses in detail the regional investment and financial platform, which is could be developed on the basis of the Kuzbass Investment Portal. Another promising digital platform is a digital system that allows to coordinate strategies at various levels – from federal, regional and industry, to local and private companies. A serious challenge in implementing strategic initiatives to establish regional platforms is the growing competition from foreign platforms. The author proposes to reduce the risks by introducing target restrictions on the operations of foreign platforms, as well as introducing a balanced level of data provision by platform participants.
Prescription Patterns and Compliance with Antimicrobial Stewardship Team Recommendations Among Physicians in a Private Hospital in United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al Shirawi Nehad Nabeel , Fadel Alyaa
Published: June 2021

Aim:

To describe the prescription patterns and the compliance to antimicrobial stewardship team recommendations among physicians practicing at Al
Zahra Private Hospital, Dubai.

Methods:

A point prevalence study of antimicrobial prescription between January 2020 to April 2020 in “Al-Zahra” private hospital, Dubai, United Arab
Emirates. All patients aged > 14 years who were prescribed at least one dose of antimicrobial agents were included with a total of 666 patients.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients are seen in A/E and ambulatory care who did not stay overnight and those who received antimicrobials for perioperative or medical
prophylaxis were excluded.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical Analysis was done using excel program descriptive statistics were used to describe the baseline demographic data and clinical
characteristics. Categorical variables are presented as counts and percentages, whereas continuous variables are presented as mean.

Results:

A total of 666 patients’ medical records were reviewed during January 2020 to April 2020. Respiratory tract infections were the most common
diagnosis encountered (456/666), representing 68.5% in total. A total of 994 courses of antimicrobials were prescribed during the study period.
Antimicrobial was considered 'appropriate' in 70.3% (979/1393), and ‘not indicated' in 19.7% (273/1393) of cases. In the remaining 10% of cases
(141/1393), antimicrobial was indicated but required antimicrobial stewardship team (A.M.S) intervention. The compliance to accept antimicrobial
stewardship team recommendations and change therapy accordingly in our study was only 32.6% (133/412)

Conclusion:

In this study, the prevalence of inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing is comparable to that found in other studies worldwide. However, the
compliance with AMS recommendations is much lower than described in the literature.