bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Surface Water Quality in Dong Thap Province, Vietnam Using Water Quality Index and Statistical Approaches
Authors: Thanh Giao Nguyen , Kim Anh Phan , Thi Hong Nhien Huynh
Published: January 2021

The study was conducted to spatiotemporally analyze the quality, location and critical water variables influencing water quality using water monitoring data from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Dong Thap province in 2019. The water quality parameters including turbidity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite (N-NO2−), nitrate (N-NO3−), ammonium (N-NH4+), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate (P-PO43−), chloride (Cl−), oil and grease, sulfate (SO42−), coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were collected at 58 locations with the frequency of four times per year (February, May, August, and November). These parameters were compared with national technical regulation on surface water quality—QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated and spatially presented by geographical information system (GIS) tool. Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the correlation among water quality parameters, group and reduce the sampling sites, and identify key parameters and potential water pollution sources. The results showed that TSS, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, P-PO43−, coliforms, and E. coli were the significant concerns impairing the water quality. Water quality was assessed from poor to medium levels by WQI analysis. CA suggested that the current monitoring locations could be reduced from 58 sites to 43 sites which can be saved the total monitoring budget up to 25.85%. PCA showed that temperature, pH, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, N-NO2−, TN, P-PO43−, coliforms, and E. coli were the key water parameters influencing water quality in Dong Thap province’s canals and rivers; thus, these parameters should be monitored annually. The water pollution sources were possibly hydrological conditions, water runoff, riverbank erosion, domestic and urban activities, and industrial and agricultural discharges. Significantly, the municipal and agricultural wastes could be decisive factors to the change of surface water quality in the study area. Further studies need to focus on identifying sources of water pollution for implementing appropriate water management strategies.
Surface Sediment Diatom Assemblages Response to Water Environment in Dongping Lake, North China
Authors: Liu Shuangshuang , Yao Min , Chen Shiyue , Yuan Xingzhong
Published: January 2021

The relationship between the diatom taxa preserved in surface lake sediments and environmental variables in Dongping Lake was explored using multivariate statistical methods. The statistical analysis showed that the lake was eutrophicated in all seasons. Transparency, chlorophyll a (Chla) and total phosphorus (TP) were the dominant environmental factors in spring and summer, and NH4+-N and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were the dominant environmental factors in autumn and winter. Sixteen genera and 43 species of diatom were found in the surface sediments, and the dominant diatom genera were Aulacoseira, Ulnaria, Cyclotella, Navicula and Fragilaria. A redundancy analysis (RDA) and Monte Carlo permutation 20 test revealed that COD, pH, TP, conductivity and transparency were significant factors influencing diatom assemblage change, meaning that the distribution of the diatom assemblages were mostly influenced by nutrient composition, light intensity and ion concentrations.
Role of Higher Education in Creation of Knowledge Economy in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Parveen Sajida , Mahmood Babak , Siddiqui Saira , Ch. Ayesha , Mushtaq Mudassar
Published: January 2021

Knowledge is working as an engine in achieving sustainable economic development goals for societies who are shifting from labor intensive economy to knowledge based economy like Pakistan. Education works like a backbone in knowledge based economies. Hence, the current research is planned to find out that is the educational institutions of Pakistan are contribution in production of new knowledge or not. Survey was the technique used by researcher for collection of information. Tool for gathering data was questionnaire and sample was selected from six public and private universities of Punjab Pakistan by applying simple random technique while the sample size was comprised of 606 respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were considered to analyze the data. Association found between the efforts made by higher educational institutions by providing access to knowledge, rich infrastructure, funds, incentives, research and development, human capital development, collaboration with industry and creation of knowledge economy.
Effectiveness Of Work From Home (Wfh) On Teacher Performance In Batam
Authors: Manalu Nelly Chandrawati , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze effective work from home on leadership,  competency, taining, and facility and technology to teacher performance. The design used is  hypothesis testing using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The population  and respondents in this study was teachers in Batam city. The results of the study show that  the leadership has no significant effect on teacher performance with significant = 0.360 and  competency has significant effect to teacher performance with significant value = 0,036  results on training has significant effect on teacher performance with significant 0,005, and  facility and technology also has significant effect on teacher performance with value of  significant is 0,000. The results show that between leadership, competency, training, facility  and technology together influence teacher performance with significant 0,000. Based on  the two tests above between the Uji t and Uji F test and the direct test, it can be concluded  that the rules of the leadership do not have a significant impact on the performance of  teachers for that the schools, management and education offices focus on competency of  teacher on conduct class on line or PJJ. Based on the result for adjusted R square can be explained  at 51,7% is influenced by the four variables (Leadership, Competency, Training, Facility and  Technology) to teacher performance, the other 48.3% is the contribution of other variables  not included in this research. According to results testing in this research training, facility and  technology significantly impact on teacher performance in PJJ class, which means governance  and school management, provide some course training to increase teacher performance. Next research model can be explain with mediating variabel to make sure and increase adjusted R  square results for example variabel the role of organizational commitment in organizational  structure, organizational strategy and management.
A relational analysis of enterprise obligations and carbon majors for climate justice
Authors: Seck Sara L.
Published: January 2021

A coherent theory of climate justice must answer the question of “who owes what to whom, and why?” This paper considers the human rights responsibilities of business enterprises for climate injustice. I first introduce a relational approach to legal analysis, drawing upon the work of diverse theorists who confront the dominant yet unacknowledged prevalence of the bounded autonomous individual of liberal thought in diverse areas of law and policy, and offer a method for reinterpretation and transformation of law in the Anthropocene. I then examine the 2018 Principles on Climate Obligations of Enterprises, drafted by a sub-group of the legal experts responsible for the 2015 Oslo Principles. Ultimately, I argue that a coherent theory of justice in the Anthropocene is dependent upon relational insights which enable us to tell old stories in new ways, and so reveal the interconnectedness and interdependence of all beings, while accounting for power and difference.
Workplace Bullying and Incivility: Using Organization Development for Improving Healthy Work-life for Employees
Authors: Kennedy Bernice , Wider Beyonka
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Globally, a range of terms has been used to describe workplace violence at work such as bullying and incivility. Workplace bullying is an array of violent behavior in the workplace such as mobbing, assaults, emotional abuse, or incivility. Incivility is similar to bullying but more subtle and difficult to identify including behaviors as rudeness or inconsiderate. Bullying is different from aggression in that aggression may involve a single act, and bullying involves repeated acts of these ongoing patterns. The employees are the cornerstone of the organization, and management needs to work on the quality of work-life for their employees to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Therefore, workplace bullying and incivility need to be addressed to promote a culture of trust and respect. When dealings with violence in the workplace, it must take time to improve organizational effectiveness. Therefore, Organizational development would be useful in dealing with bullying and incivility in the organization.
River waters hardness variations on the territory of the republic of Tatarstan.
Authors:   Gorshkova  A.T., Urbanova  O.N., Bortnikova  N.V., Gorbunova  Y.V.
Published: January 2021

One of the main criteria for river water quality is overall hardness, the value of which determines its suitability for use in various sectors of the national economy.Availability of the many-year information about the magnitude of the overall hardness of the river waters of the Republic of Tatarstan served as the basis for analyzing its changes in time and space. As an integral indicator, the average annual value of the overall hardness is chosen, the distribution of which throughout the territory of the Republic is clearly reflected in the given skeleton maps. A comparative analysis of the total hardness of river waters, observed in the XX and XXI centuries, showed that its value remained within the category of moderate, medium hardness and hard waters, but there was a redistribution of these values in space. Since the formation of rigidity largely depends on local features of the territory and, first of all, on the heterogeneity of the geological structure of the basin, the analysis of its changes was made commensurate with the geological structure of the three large geographical regions of the Republic of Tatarstan − Pre-Volga, Pre-Kama and Zakamye.The formation of hardness is also influenced by the anthropogenic factor. In the zone of influence of large reservoirs, created in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, a rise in the level of groundwater is observed, changing not only the nature of the underground supply of water bodies of the Republic, but also the quality of river water. The redistribution of general hardness in the south-east of the republic is connected with the activities of oil enterprises, which make significant adjustments to the hydro/chemical composition of natural waters.
Sex Trafficking in Argentina Now and Then
Authors: Goldfine Daniela
Published: January 2021

In his 2017 documentary The Impure Daniel Najenson straddles the notions of past and present to denounce the horrors and the injustice of sex trafficking in Argentina. Following a family tale of a great-aunt who migrated from Eastern Europe to South America at the beginning of the twentieth century, he digs deep into Israeli and Argentine archives to tell the story of the Zwi Migdal and the way Jewish women were forced into prostitution. To give voice to these women, he brings in Sonia Sánchez, originally from northern Argentina, and forced into prostitution in Buenos Aires when she was seventeen years old. Sánchez tells her own story, but also reads letters from the now deceased victims of sex trade a century ago. This self-professed feminist and activist is also shown in demonstrations and interviews fueling the NiUnaMenos movement in Argentina, while the #MeToo and TimesUp movements explode in the U.S.
Iluminismo
Authors: Schechtman Alfredo
Published: January 2021

Iluminismo
Papa, Watch Me Fly
Authors: Barbosa Heloiza Montenegro , Oliveira Karine da Rocha
Published: January 2021

Este artigo analisa o filme Yentl, de 1983 – protagonizado e dirigido por Barbra Streisand – inspirado no conto de mesmo nome de Isaac Bashevis Singer, enquanto quebra de paradigma, ao colocar uma mulher em posição de poder e de dona de seu próprio destino num ambiente religioso onde a posição da mulher é restrita, conectando com o trabalho da própria Barbra Streisand, enquanto protagonista e diretora do filme, além de observar como o papel de Streisand enquanto diretora abriu espaço para outras que vieram posteriormente, deixando – ainda mais – seu nome marcado na história do cinema.
Humor judaico e resiliência
Authors: Rozenchan Nancy
Published: January 2021

Humor judaico e resiliência
PENGELOLAAN SARANA PRASARANA PENDIDIKAN RESPONSIF GENDER : STUDI DI IAIN JEMBER
Authors: Ummah Nur Ittihadatul
Published: January 2021

Management of gender responsive educational facilities is an important issue that needs serious attention because the management of gender-responsive infrastructure can provide space to ensure the fulfillment of women's and men's rights based on their specific needs so as to create a sense of security and comfort for each user. IAIN Jember is required to pay attention to the specific needs of men and women so that dominance does not occur, does not cause difficulties for certain sexes in the use of infrastructure. Indicators of gender responsive infrastructure include the provision of separate toilets, child care and nursing rooms, provision of closed ablution places, closed prayer rooms, ideal 17 cm staircase facilities, CCTV and adequate lighting. The management of gender responsive educational facilities is needed to realize gender justice and equality, support reproductive and cultural functions. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study research. The technique of collecting data uses observation, interviews and document study. Data analysis using interactive analysis. The validity of the data used source triangulation and method triangulation. The results showed that: the prayer room for employees tends to be open so there is no privacy, there are wheelchairs for students with disabilities, and there is no separate toilet for male and female employees.

Pengelolaan sarana pendidikan responsif gender merupakan isu penting yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius karena pengelolaan prasarana tanggap gender dapat memberikan ruang untuk menjamin pemenuhan hak perempuan dan laki-laki berdasarkan kebutuhan spesifiknya sehingga tercipta rasa aman dan nyaman bagi setiap pengguna. IAIN Jember dituntut untuk memperhatikan kebutuhan khusus laki-laki dan perempuan agar tidak terjadi dominasi, tidak menyulitkan jenis kelamin tertentu dalam penggunaan infrastruktur. Indikator infrastruktur responsif gender antara lain penyediaan toilet terpisah, ruang penitipan anak dan menyusui, penyediaan tempat wudhu tertutup, mushola tertutup, fasilitas tangga ideal 17 cm, CCTV dan penerangan yang memadai. Pengelolaan fasilitas pendidikan responsif gender diperlukan untuk mewujudkan keadilan dan kesetaraan gender, mendukung fungsi reproduksi dan budaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : mushollah untuk karyawan cenderung terbuka sehingga tidak ada privasi, terdapat kursi roda bagi mahasiswa difabel. Kursi roda ini berada di poli klinik kampus, dan tidak ada pemisahan toilet bagi karyawan laki-laki dan perempuan.
REDEFINISI GENDER DAN SEKS
Authors: Kartini Ade , Maulana Asep
Published: January 2021

The development of an increasingly advanced world opens up opportunities for everyone, both men and women, to take part openly in various fields of life. This is inseparable from the role and figure of women, whose work today cannot be ruled out, thus constructing gender equality, which means the claim that humans between men and women are created as creatures and that differences only lie in the quality and level of piety. There is no claim that men or women are special before God, so whoever wants to gain a high degree must be cautious. There is no reason for the difference between men and women in the capacity of humans as creatures. Both have the same potential and opportunities to become ideal beings. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the conceptual gender and perceptions between gender and sex is very necessary and important to understand correctly. This library research is conducted through documentation study and qualitative analysis. The findings of the research result state that gender is a concept that examines the differences between men and women as a result of social construction which can take the form of differences in roles, functions, and responsibilities between men and women so that they can change according to different times. gender that has been outlined by nature.

 Perkembangan dunia yang semakin maju membukakan kesempatan bagi setiap orang baik laki-laki maupun perempuan untuk berkiprah secara terbuka di berbagai bidang kehidupan. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari peran dan sosok perempuan yang hari ini kiprahnya tak bisa dikesampingkan sehingga mengonstruksi kesetaraan gender yang berarti klaim bahwa manusia antara laki-laki dan perempuan sama-sama diciptakan sebagai makhluk dan perbedaan pun hanyalah terletak pada kualitas dan kadar ketakwaannya. Tak ada klaim laki-laki ataupun perempuan yang menjadi istimewa di hadapan Tuhan, maka barang siapa yang ingin memperoleh derajat yang tinggi maka hendaklah bertakwa. Tidak ada alasan perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kapasitas manusia sebagai makhluk. Keduanya mempunyai potensi dan peluang yang sama untuk menjadi makhluk yang ideal. Dengan demikian pemahaman tentang konseptual gender dan persepsi antara gender dengan seks yang komprehensif sangat diperlukan dan penting untuk dipahami secara benar. Penelitian kepustakaan ini dilakukan melalui studi dokumentasi dan analisis data kualitatif. Temuan hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa gender adalah suatu konsep yang mengaji tentang perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan sebagai hasil kontruksi sosial yang dapat berbentuk perbedaan peran, fungsi, dan tanggung jawab antara laki-laki dan perempuan sehingga dapat berubah sesuai dengan perkembangan jaman berbeda halnya dengan jenis kelamin yang telah digariskan secara kodrati.
TEORI PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF JEAN PIAGET DAN PROBLEMATIKANYA PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Marinda Leny
Published: January 2021

Cognitive development is a change processes of human life in understanding, managing information, solving problems and knowing something. Jean Piaget is one of a figures studied cognitive development and said about cognitive development steps. Jean Piaget is also a biologist who links the physical maturity development with cognitive development steps. These steps are the motoric sensory step (0–2 years), pre-operational (2-7 years), concrete operations (7–11 years) and formal operations (11–15 years). In understanding the world actively, a child uses a scheme, assimilation, accommodation, organization and equilibration. A child's knowledge formed gradually in line with the information experience found. According to Piaget, children undergo a definite sequence of cognitive development steps. In this theory, children predicted to have maturity quantity and quality based on the steps passed. a step of cognitive development is a continuation of previous cognitive development. Cognitive problems arise in elementary school children viewed from Piaget's cognitive development theory including dyslexia, dysgraphia and dyscalculia.

Perkembangan kognitif adalah tahapan-tahapan perubahan yang terjadi dalam rentang kehidupan manusia untuk memahami, mengolah informasi, memecahkan masalah dan mengetahui sesuatu. Jean Piaget adalah salah satu tokoh yang meneliti tentang perkembangan kognitif dan mengemukakan tahapan-tahapan perkembangan kognitif. Jean Piaget yang juga ahli Biologi menghubungkan tahapan perkembangan kematangan fisik dengan tahapan perkembangan kognitif. Tahapan-tahapan tersebut adalah tahap sensory motorik (0–2 tahun), pra-operasional (2–7 tahun), operasional konkret (7–11 tahun) dan operasional formal (11–15 tahun). Dalam memahami  dunia secara aktif, anak menggunakan skema, asimilasi, akomodasi, organisasi dan equilibrasi. Pengetahuan anak terbentuk secara berangsur sejalan dengan pengalaman tentang informasi-informasi yang ditemui. Menurut Piaget, anak menjalani urutan yang sudah pasti dari tahap-tahap perkembangan kognitif. Pada teori ini, anak diprediksi memiliki kematangan secara kuantitas maupun kualitas berdasarkan tahapan-tahapan yang dilaluinya. Perkembangan kognitif pada satu tahap merupakan lanjutan dari perkembangan kognitif tahap sebelumnya. Problem kognitif yang muncul pada anak usia sekolah dasar dilihat dari teori perkembangan kognitif ala Piaget diantaranya disleksia, disgrafia dan diskalkulia.
PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN DAN PSIKOLOGI
Authors: Almalachim Ainul Churria , Fauziyah Nailul , Maulana Asep
Published: January 2021

This paper is a paper that uses literature review with the theme of the concept of Educating Children from the Quranic perspective, by using the concept of literal interpretation, the results of this paper are that the success of children's educational processes in the family is very dependent on the roles and responsibilities of the family itself. Where parents as the core of the family has a very important role, it is he who is fully responsible for the educational process of children in the family, so that it can be said that the success of the child's educational process in the family is very dependent on how parents carry out their duties and responsibilities. The implication of the meaning of wisdom for educator figures is that an educator in addition to constantly trying to improve his academic abilities, he also tries to harmonize with his practice.

 

Paper ini adalah paper yang menggunakan kajian pustaka dengan tema konsep Mendidik Anak Perpektif al Quran, dengan menggunakan konsep interpretasi literal, hasil paper ini adalah Keberhasilan proses pendidikan anak dalam keluarga sangat tergantung pada peran dan tanggung jawab keluarga itu sendiri. Di mana orang tua sebagai inti dari keluarga memiliki peranan yang sangat penting, dialah yang bertanggung jawab penuh terhadap proses pendidikan anak dalam keluarga, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa keberhasilan proses pendidikan anak dalam keluarga sangat tergantung pada bagaimana orang tua melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya tersebut. Implikasi dari makna hikmah bagi figur pendidik adalah bahwa seorang pendidik selain senantiasa berusaha meningkatkan kemampuan akademiknya, ia pun berupaya menselaraskan dengan amalannya.
Power and Authority di Pondok Pesantren: Potret Kepemimpinan Kiai dalam Lingkungan Multikultural
Authors: Munir Akhmad
Published: January 2021

Abstrak
Artikel ini mencoba mengeksplorasi konsepsi kepemimpinan kiai di pondok pesantren dalam konteks kekuasaan (power) dan otoritas (authority) dalam lingkungan yang multikultural (multicultural environment). Kepemimpinan merupakan seni memengaruhi (the art of influence) agar orang melakukan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diinginkan. Kekuasaan (power) adalah kesempatan bagi manusia atau sekelompok manusia untuk menyadarkan individu atau kelompokindividulainnya terhadap kemauan yang diinginkan. Kekuasaan menjelma dalam ragam bentuk, seperti: pengaruh, persuasi, manipulasi, kekuatan (force), dan koersi. Sedangkan otoritas merupakan wewenang yang diberikan kepada seseorang atau kelompok atau instansi secara sah agar patuh terhadapnya karena didukung oleh norma dan peraturan yang dibuat. Jadi, kekuasaan terkait erat dengan kemampuan; sedangkan otoritas merupakan hak untuk mengambil tindakan yang diperlukan agar tugas dan tanggungjawab dapat dilaksanakan secara efektif dan efisien. Produktivitas kekuasaan dan otoritas selalu berjalan dinamis di dalam lingkungan multikultural. Konsepsi kepemimpinan dalam konteks lingkungan multikultural inilah yang dipraktekkan oleh founding fathers bangsa kita dulu.
Kata Kunci: kekuasaan, kepemimpinan kiai, lingkungan multikultural, otoritas, pondok pesantren
 
Abstract
The article is trying to explore the concept of leadership of kiai in pesantren (Islamic boarding school) in the context of power and authority on multicultural environment. Leadership is the art of influence in order to be acted by others in accordance with what he or she wants others do. Power is an opportunity for human being or community to make individual or others aware to the willingness of what he wants. Power incarnates to various forms, for instance: influence, persuasion, manipulation, force as well as coercion. On the other hand, the authority is a right given to someone or community or institution legally in order to obey because of the rules and norms as well that made. So, power is related to capability; the authority is a right to make decision as needed so that the task or assignment as well as responsibility can be carried out effectively and efficiently. The productivity of power and authority is on the tract dynamically in the context of multicultural environment. This concept of leadership in the context of multicultural environment had been practiced by our founding fathers.
Keywords: power, leadership of kiai, multicultural environment, authority, pondok pesantren
Pengembangan Daya Saing Syar’iy: Sebuah Reformulasi Kepemimpinan Pesantren
Authors: Zahroh Aminatuz
Published: January 2021

Abstrak
Dalam decade terakhir ini, proses globalisasi dan berbagai inovasi baru telah terjadi di berbagai bidang kehidupan. Salah satu imbas dari globalisasi ini adalah pesantren sebagai tempat menggali ilmu dan menghasilkan pengetahuan agama perlu bersaing untuk kelangsungan hidup. Persaingan tersebut meliputi mutu, harga, layanan, prestasi santri dan outputnya. Pemenang dari persaingan itu adalah pesantren  yang memiliki SDM yang berkualitas dalam iman, taqwa, kemampuan, ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan keterampilan. Salah satu cara untuk memenangkan persaingan tersebut adalah dengan melakukan upaya reformulasi kepemimpinan pesantren. Kepemimpinan pesantren merupakan aspek kehidupan yang menjadi perhatian banyak orang sejak puluhan tahun yang lalu. Kepemimpinan pesantren merupakan sebuah posisi sekaligus karya luhur yang memang dibutuhkan sebagai kodrat sejarah dan fitrah peradaban pesantren. Kepimimpinan dibutuhkan untuk terkelolanya pesantren, dengan arahan yang jelas, serta keadilan yang merata. Kepemimpinan pesantren memiliki ciri khas yang tidak dimiliki oleh kepemimpinan dalam organisasi dan lembaga pendidikan lainnya. Hal ini terindikasi dari eksistensi pesantren yang semakin menguat dari hari ke hari. Yang menjadi pertanyaan besar adalah bagaimana kepemimpinan pesantren dalam menghadapi perubahan sosial? Adakah terobosan-terobosan penting untuk mengembangkan daya saing syar’iy?
Kata Kunci: pengembangan daya saing syar’iy, kepemimpinan pesantren
 
Abstract
In the last decade, the process of globalization and various new innovations have occurred in various fields of life. One of the effects of globalization is that pesantren as a place to explore and produce religious knowledge need to compete for survival. The competition includes quality, price, service, santri achievements and output. The winners of the competition are pesantren that have quality human resources in faith, piety, ability, science, technology and skills. One way to win the competition is to make efforts to reformulate pesantren leadership. Pesantren leadership is an aspect of life that has been a concern for many people since decades ago. Pesantren leadership is a position as well as noble work that is indeed needed as a historical nature and nature of pesantren civilization. Leadership is needed for the management of pesantren, with clear direction, and equitable justice. Pesantren leadership has a characteristic that is not possessed by leadership in other organizations and educational institutions. This is indicated by the existence of pesantren which are getting stronger gradually. In its objective conditions many pesantren cannot formulate their leadership well so they cannot develop their competitiveness based syar'iat of Islam. The most in important question is how is the leadership of the pesantren in facing social change? Are there important breakthroughs to develop syar’iy competitiveness?
Key Words: developing syar’iy competitiveness, pesantren leadership
Manajemen Waktu Belajar di Perguruan Tinggi pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Fajhriani. N Dyla
Published: January 2021

Waktu adalah bagian penting dan tidak terpisahkan dari kehidupan seseorang. Pencapaian kesuksesan ditentukan sejauh mana seseorang menentukan waktunya. Dalam dunia manajemen waktu, pendidikan juga merupakan bagian penting dari keberhasilan kegiatan pendidikan. Manajemen waktu adalah kemampuan untuk menggunakan waktu secara efektif dan efisien begitu pula manajemen waktu belajar tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kehidupan mahasiswa. Selama pandemi COVID-19, semua mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi melakukan study from home dan melakukan kegiatan belajar menggunakan media online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen waktu belajar selama pandemi COVID-19 pada mahasiswa Bimbingan Konseling Islam Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualilatif. Hasil penelitian yang peneliti lakukan didapatkan bahwa problematika manajemen waktu belajar di Perguruan Tinggi pada masa pandemi covid-19 bahwa manajemen waktu belajar selama masa pandemi COVID-19 perlu adaptasi dengan baik, hal ini dikarenakan pandangan bahwa kuliah satu satunya di kampus. Akhirnya banyak mahasiwa banyak yang bekerja ataupun membantu orangtua di rumah. Selain itu kendala jaringan dan faktor mencari sinyal internet juga menjadi problem mendasar dikalangan mahasisiwa.
Kata Kunci: manajemen waktu belajar, pandemi covid-19
Time is an important and inseparable part of someone’s life. Achievement of success is determined by the extent to which an individual determines the time. Within the domain of time management, education is also an important part of the success of educational activities. Time management is the ability to use time effectively and efficiently as well as learning time management in which it cannot be separated within student life. During the COVID-19 pandemic, all of the university students conducted the learning process from home and carried it out by using online media. The purpose of this study was to determine how study time management during the COVID-19 pandemic in Islamic Counseling Guidance students at the Imam Bonjol State Islamic University, Padang. The research method used is qualitative research. The results of the research suggested that the problem of study time management in universities during the Covid-19 pandemic was that learning time management during the COVID-19 pandemic needed to be well-adapted, this was due to the perception that the learning process itself were only took place at the campus. Therefore, many students work or help their parents at home. Apart from that, the internet’s network stability is also a fundamental problem among students.
Sustainability of Coastal Tourism Development: Comparative Analysis of Vietnam's Northern and Southern Provinces
Authors: Tien Nguyen Hoang , Ngoc Nguyen Minh , Anh Dinh Ba Hung
Published: January 2021

This article presents major differences and similarities related to sustainability in tourism development for the Northern and Southern coastal provinces of Vietnam. The research process results pointed out that sustainable tourism development in the coastal provinces had brought about positive benefits to the national and local economy, local community and government, local community and natural environment, and socio-cultural development. Although sustainable tourism development principles are bene­ficial, their implementation into real-life an enormously is to the specific socio-economic and environmental context, political conditions and institutional conditions, is different in Vietnam. This article tracks how sustainable tourism development is perceived and implemented in the Northern and Southern coastal provinces' main tourism hubs, reflecting the gaps between planning and its imple­ment­ation towards that end in different localities. On that basis, we propose standard solutions but other implementations for ecotourism and cultural tourism deve­lopment across entire coastal area Vietnam as the overarching ways of reaching sustainability.
„Czarne protesty” jako wydarzenie transformacyjne praktyk obywatelskich działaczek z małych miast
Authors: Piotrowski Grzegorz , Muszel Magdalena
Published: January 2021

Black Monday and the National Women’s Strike in 2016 caused a new wave of feminist/women’s activists to appear. One of the main determinants of the success of these protests was their geographical distribution: most of the demonstrations took place in small towns and cities. The main aim of this article is to present the civic practices of activists – organizers of the above-mentioned protests – from small towns and cities. On the basis of 24 in-depth interviews the authors intend to present the characteristics of civic practices in provincial Polish cities. The proposed article will present a look at civic practices from a completely new perspective, using the dividing lines so far ignored in research on social movements, especially pro-women’s movements in Poland.
Wielokulturowość: idea, teoria i polityka
Authors: Śliz Anna , Szczepański Marek S.
Published: January 2021

The turn of the millennium brought an increased interest in issues of multiculturalism, which became a focal point for debates about culture, especially in liberal democracies. The question is particularly important in that most people today live in heterocultural societies. The authors thus do not approach multiculturalism as the simple coexistence in society of members of various ethnic groups but rather as a theoretical basis for the scholarly analysis of the state and of society, which implement policies in regard to internal cultural (ethnic) diversity. Multiculturalism thus defines a social space in which people who adhere to different axiological, normative, religious or moral systems, and who are aware of these differences, live together. At the same time, state policy aims to include all of them in a social order which is being modified under the influence of cultural diversity. Multiculturalism can be presented on the one hand as an idea that is not apprehended directly but is known through concepts, and on the other hand, as an entity identified by the senses. The authors illustrate the transition from an idea to a state policy in regard to a multitude of ethnic cultures by reference to Australia and the Federal Republic of Germany.
Ceramika z Bolesławca — dziedzictwo w tranzycie
Authors: Kurpiel Anna , Maniak Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

This article analyses the phenomenon of stenciled ceramics from Bolesławiec, a city in Lower Silesia, which was annexed to Poland after the Second World War. On the basis of theories from the field of cultural heritage, memory studies, and economics, the authors trace the discrepancy between the modern view of these ceramics and their social and historical biography. As a result, they propose the use of two new terms, “heritage with multiple heirs” and the “economy of (non)memory,” which would help people to understand this multidimensional phenomenon and would encompass the appropriation of cultural heritage, the negotiation of its meanings, and the role of cultural heritage in a neoliberal economy.
Idea Sojuszu Bałtycko-Czarnomorskiego oraz reakcja na utworzenie Trójmorza w ukraińskiej myśli politycznej 2015–2019
Authors: Shevchenko Oleksandr
Published: January 2021

In 2015, most Ukrainian political observers took Andrzej Duda’s words about the possibility of establishing a regional initiative as a renewal of the idea of Intermarium, a topic publicly discussed and debated in Ukraine since the 1990s but which has become particularly relevant since the 2014 Revolution of Dignity.Therefore, the creation of the Three Seas Initiative in 2016 without Ukraine’s participation came as a surprise to Ukrainian political thought. In this article, the author describes the most characteristic and relevant opinions of Ukrainian politicians, scientists and journalists about the Three Seas Initiative. The analysis of the response of Ukrainian politicians makes it possible to create an objective picture of how Ukrainian political thought reacted to the creation and activity of the Three Seas Initiative, which has a significant impact on the further development of Ukraine’s regional policy and on Polish-Ukrainian relations.
Niemiecka Republika Federalna jako azyl dla nazistowskich zbrodniarzy wojennych. Analiza wybranych aspektów ścigania i skuteczności karania
Authors: Hamerlak Kajetan , Bober Sabina
Published: January 2021

West Germany had to come to terms with its wartime past in order to function on the international arena. This topic was also widely commented on in Polish press. Poland, which was one of the countries most affected by the extermination policy of Nazi Germany, was inevitably interested in holding the Nazis accountable for their crimes. Moreover, the authorities of the People’s Republic of Poland wanted German crimes to be exposed all the time. In this way, the topic of Soviet crimes was avoided. Hence, the theme of punishment for Nazi war crimes was often discussed in the press. Many articles emphasised the pathological system of prosecuting the Nazis in West Germany, pointing to the post-war careers of the war criminals. Reluctance to face the past, exhibited primarily by the older generation, was also emphasised. The young generation of Germans, untouched by the war past, was to strive for moral renewal. It should be stressed that the post-war trials concerned only a small number of actual criminals, and the penalties were often disproportionate to the crimes committed.
Polityczno-ekonomiczne implikacje epidemii koronawirusa dla Federacji Rosyjskiej
Authors: Bielicki Paweł
Published: January 2021

The main purpose of this article is to analyse the political and economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic for the Russian Federation. I intend to take a closer look at the views of Polish and foreign scientists on the subject matter, focusing particularly on the possible increase in the significance of Russia in the international arena and the economic problems of this country that may occur in the near future.At the beginning, I refer to the political consequences of the pandemic for Russia, focusing on the first cases of infections in this country and the attempt of the Kremlin authorities to divert attention from their internal problems by spreading theories, according to which the United States is primarily responsible for the spread of this disease. Further on, I touch upon the problem of a possible extension of Vladimir Putin’s rule and try to outline the reasons why the Russian leader has decided to take this step. Moreover, I describe the implications of the pandemic for Russia’s foreign policy, especially in relations to the United States, Western Europe, China, the Middle East and the post-Soviet countries: Belarus and Ukraine. I also present the impact of the pandemic conditions on the Russian economy and health care.In conclusion, I try to answer the question of whether the pandemic will cause significant changes in the internal policy of the Russian Federation. I also try to determine whether Putin’s power may contribute to strengthening Russia’s position on the international arena in the coming years.
Wspólne dziedzictwo na Wschodzie jako problem polskiej polityki zagranicznej
Authors: Jasiewicz Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

Before the Partitions of Poland, the east territories of the country were inhabited by several nations and ethnic groups. However, from a later perspective, in particular the contemporary one, this common past is differently assessed by particular groups. The common (historical) path divides more than reconciles them. This also applies to the area of terms and definitions. This refers in particular to the civilisation mission of Poland in the East. It was often misunderstood and even condemned. In contemporary times, the countries that were established in the former Polish territories cannot develop relations with Poland due to the historical circumstances. This article analyses examples of the most common conflicts and suggests possible solutions.
Strain induced abnormal grain growth in thermally oxidized Cu2O sheets
Authors: Aggarwal Garima , Singh Akhilender Jeet , Mehtani Hitesh Kumar , Balasubramaniam K. R.
Published: January 2021

Strain induced abnormal grain growth (SIAGG) has been of great interest in metals and metallic alloys but only limited studies of this interesting phenomenon exist in bulk metal oxides. Here, we demonstrate SIAGG in thermally oxidized Cu2O by cold-working the Cu-foil prior to oxidation. During the cold-work, dislocation density increases at edges and this inhomogeneity in the microstructure give rise to AGG upon oxidative annealing. These abnormally grown grains are prepared without following strict single crystal growth protocols (long duration, high-temperature synthesis) and their diameter ranges from 2 to 10 mm, which are akin to single-crystalline Cu2O in various applications.
TOBACCO USE AMONG STUDENTS OF RURAL BACKGROUND IN BHOPAL
Authors: Gaur R.K. , Jain Swapnil , Shukla DK
Published: January 2021

Background: It is well known fact that tobacco kills up to half of its users. 8 million people are killed by the use of tobacco annually. Direct tobacco consumption is responsible for approx seven millions of these deaths and approx 1.2 million deaths due to tobacco use are due to the exposure of non smokers to second hand smoke. The present study was undertaken to study the prevalence of use of tobacco products among rural male students and their knowledge about its injurious effects. Aims and objectives:This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of tobacco use among students residing in rural background and to assess their knowledge about injurious effects of tobacco products in any form. Material and Methods:The study was undertaken by using a detailed, predesigned questionnaire on the use of tobacco. Results: The prevalence of tobacco smoking was found to be 21% and smokeless tobacco as 37% on regular basis. Conclusion: Present study clearly demonstrates the common practice of tobacco consumption among students living in rural background and it is of deep concern. Knowledge about harmful effects of tobacco use certainly have role in restraining the tobacco habit among students.
Challenges and in Museum Education, Best Practices in Hungary
Authors: Kempf Katalin , Vincze Beatrix , Németh András
Published: January 2021

The study aims to present the best practices of museum education, art pedagogy and circus pedagogy in Hungary, to highlight their importance and their role as mediators of cultural values and their role in social equal opportunities. It emphasizes the role of non-formal forms of learning that are capable of meeting learners’ needs in a well-defined, differentiated, and experiential way outside the school system. At the same time, the study reflects on current issues in the renewal of museum education. Among other things, for those who want to study, «everything is more interesting outside of school». Changing learning habits and technical opportunities poses a major challenge in sustaining learning motivation. It also emphasizes the potential of informal learning in diverse settings - family, community, informal and supportive of information acquisition and capacity building (Coombs 1969, 1972). It cites examples of good domestic practice as interpreted by the Constructivist Museum (Anderson 2008; Black 2012; Hein 2004 a, b) and refers to programs, projects, and circus pedagogical initiatives for SEN and disadvantaged groups.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kecemasan dan Mekanisme Koping Ibu Primigravida terhadap Lamanya Kala I Persalinan Spontan
Authors: Sri Yunita Perangin Angin
Published: January 2021

Lama persalinan abnormal pada wanita nulipara (kehamilan pertama) dapat dipengaruhi oleh kecemasan berat selama persalinan. Kecemasan tersebut terkait dengan mekanisme penangkaran maladaptif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat kecemasan dan mekanisme koping wanita nulipara terhadap lama persalinan kala I. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan tipe penelitian eksplanatori. Sampel berjumlah 40 wanita dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan wawancara serta dianalisis dengan metode regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecemasan (p = 0,001) dan mekanisme koping (p = 0,001) berpengaruh nyata terhadap lama persalinan kala I, di mana ibu yang mengalami kecemasan berat 13 kali berisiko mengalami lama persalinan kala I yang abnormal (OP = 13,49; 95% CI.1.94; 93.81) dibandingkan dengan ibu yang mengalami kecemasan sedang, sedangkan mekanisme koping maladaptif memiliki risiko 10 kali lipat mengalami lama persalinan kala I yang abnormal (OR = 10,23; 95% CI 1.67; 62.60) dibandingkan dengan mekanisme caping adaptif. Disarankan agar suami mendukung istrinya untuk mengurangi kecemasan ibu selama proses persalinan.
KESIAPSIAGAAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA BANJIR
Authors: Purwani Annisa , Nurfadilah Nurfadilah
Published: January 2021

Banjir merupakan salah satu kondisi yang membahayakan, terutama bagi Anak Usia Dini (AUD). Namun, terdapat beberapa lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) yang terletak di daerah rawan banjir. Hak anak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan tetap harus diusung meskipun lembaga PAUD berada di daerah rawan banjir. Dengan demikian lembaga PAUD perlu mengambil tindakan antisipasi, terutama pada saat musim hujan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesiapsiagaan lembaga PAUD dalam menghadapi bencana banjir. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu orang-orang yang terkait dengan kesiapsiagaan lembaga PAUD dalam menghadapi banjir. Kesiapsiagaan dikategorikan ke dalam 3 aspek yang sekaligus menjadi indikator penelitian, yaitu: (1) Aspek Struktural; (2) Aspek Non-Struktural; dan, (3) Aspek pengetahuan yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapsiagaan di lembaga PAUD dalam menghadapi bencana banjir terlihat beragam sesuai dengan kondisi dari masing-masing lingkungan sekolah. Pada lembaga PAUD B dan C hanya memprioritaskan 1 hal, yang secara berurutan adalah, memprioritaskan keamanan peralatan sekolah dan memprioritaskan keselamatan anak dan orang tua. Sedangkan Lembaga PAUD A memprioritaskan 2 hal, yaitu memprioritaskan keamanan peralatan sekolah serta persiapan peralatan yang akan digunakan di area pengungsian sementara. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa ketiga lembaga PAUD masuk pada kategori kurang siap siaga berdasarkan penilaian pada setiap aspek kategrisasi kesiapsiagaan.
Práticas Experimentais para o ENSINO DE CIÊNCIA: construindo alternativas adequadas à realidade educacional brasileira
Authors: Pinto Jose Antonio , Pedroso Luciano Soares
Published: January 2021

A experimentação é uma atividade que aprimora os poderes de observação dos estudantes, estimulando perguntas e apoiando no desenvolvimento de uma nova compreensão sobre os conceitos científicos. Com essa premissa em mente essa obra traz, em sua essência, propostas de experimentos, muitos deles de baixo custo apontando uma alternativa para o ensino de Ciências como forma de subsidiar professores e estudantes na elaboração/execução de práticas experimentais.