bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O FUTURO DA IMUNOTERAPIA: CAR-T UMA INOVADORA TERAPIA NA ONCO-HEMATOLOGIA E SUAS LIMITAÇÕES PARA TUMORES SÓLIDOS
Authors: Silva de Oliveira Daiana , Moura Araujo Michele , Goes Mendonça Saulo
Published: June 2023

Com o desenvolvimento crescente da utilização da imunoterapia de doenças oncológicas, o tratamento com células CAR-T (linfócitos T com Receptores Antígenos Quiméricos), estão sendo utilizadas estratégias para aproveitar o próprio sistema imunológico para combater os canceres. A inovadora técnica de terapia celular, vem obtendo resultados impressionantes em casos que não restavam mais opções terapêuticas, cujo prognósticos eram fracos e praticamente improváveis. Estudos apresentados expõe tanto limitações para tumores sólidos e efeitos colaterais provenientes da liberação de citocinas, como avanços na reprogramação dos linfócitos T em sua produção, beneficiando pacientes hematológicos. Foram apresentados avanços na criação das gerações das células CAR-T, sabemos que existem quatro gerações, tendo como base de desenvolvimento a primeira geração. Elas mostraram uma eficácia limitada em termos de persistência a resposta antitumoral. É importante observar que essas gerações representam grandes avanços na reformulação das células CAR-T e nas estratégias de ativação e sinalização intracelular, com o objetivo de melhorar a eficácia terapêutica. O presente estudo justifica-se pelo interesse em expor dados e detalhes da terapia CAR-T cell, que representa um avanço na ciência e no tratamento de pacientes vítimas de neoplasias hematológicas. São apresentados conceitos, tecnologias e processo para terapias avançadas, onde é abordada a aplicação clínica, sendo apresentados produtos já aprovados como: Kymriah, Yescarta.
واقع إنتاج المعرفة وتحدياته في العلوم الاجتماعيّة والإنسانيّة في المنطقة العربيّة
Authors: شامي ستناي
Published: June 2023

يكتسبُ دورُ العلوم الاجتماعيّة في المنطقة العربيّة أهمّيّةً مطّرِدةً، وتبرزُ الحاجةُ إليها في ظلّ ديناميّاتٍ متسارعةٍ تتمثّلُ في تحرُّكاتٍ وتغيُّراتٍ وتحوُّلاتٍ تنسحبُ على مختلف المجتمعات والمجالات. إلّا أنّ هذا الدورَ يصطدمُ بواقعِ النّقص في عدد المنظّمات والمؤسّسات التي تدعم العلوم الاجتماعيّة في المنطقة، فضلًا عن ضآلة الموارد في الجامعات والمؤسّسات البحثيّة الرسميّة.

يقدّم هذا المقال لمحةً إقليميّةً عامّةً عن المنطقة العربيّة من ناحية النظام المؤسّسي والتحديات التي تواجه إنتاج المعرفة بشكل عام. ويتمّ التركيز على العلوم الاجتماعيّة والإنسانيّة التي تعرّضت للتهميش على امتداد العقود الثلاثة الماضية في السياسات التعليمية في المنطقة، رغم أهميتها في بناء المجتمعات بشكل عام وتنشئة الشباب لتمكّنهم من عيش حياة منتجة وذات معنى على الصعيد المحلي والوطني والعالمي.
الوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية كوسائل بديلة لفض منازعات عقود التجارة الدولية الإلكترونية
Authors: عاشور رامز
Published: June 2023

لعب التطور التكنولوجي دوراً حيوياً في حياة البشر الذي امتدت آثاره إلى كافة قطاعات الحياة العلمية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية، وقد أفرز هذا التطور في مجال الاتصالات إلى استخدام تقنيات الوسائل الإلكترونية في إبرام عقود التجارة الدولية الإلكترونية، ومنها التعاقد عبر الإنترنت، وإقدام الدول على إبرام وتنفيذ العديد من تلك العقود مع الأشخاص المعنوية العامة أو الطبيعية أو المعنوية الخاصة، وما قد تثيره هذه العقود من منازعات. وقد اتجه الفقه للبحث عن وسائل حديثة سريعة وأكثر فاعلية تستخدم نفس هذه التقنيات لفض المنازعات التي قد تنشأ في المعاملات والتعاقدات الإلكترونية دون التواجد المادي لأطراف النزاع، وبعيداً عن إجراءات التقاضي العادية التي تديره الدولة ببطء ويؤدي إلى التراخي في حل ما يثار من منازعات عقود التجارة الدولية، هذه الوسائل التقليدية هي الوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية وغيرها.

وتبرز أهمية هذه الدراسة في التعريفِ بماهية الوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية كوسائل بديلة لحل منازعات التجارة الإلكترونية، وأوجه الاتفاق والاختلاف بينهما، وما تحققه من مزايا، وبيان الآثار المترتبة على الوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية. وقد أثار الموضوع إشكالية من حيث وجود دور للوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية في حل منازعات عقود التجارة الدولية الإلكترونية. وللإجابة على تلك الإشكالية اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج التحليلي وذلك من خلال بيان وعرض ماهية الوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية وبيان الآثار المترتبة على الوساطة والمفاوضات الإلكترونية.
Veri zarflama analizi ile Avrupa geçiş ekonomilerinin lojistik performans endeksi kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÖNCÜ Kadir Kaan , YÜCEL Duygu
Published: June 2023

Rekabetin her geçen gün daha yoğun yaşandığı günümüz kapitalizminde, performans ile onun unsurları olan etkinlik ve verimlilik artan önemini korumaktadır. Üretim sisteminde yüksek bir performans gerçekleştirmek için tüm süreçte optimal kaynak kullanımının sağlanması, maliyetlerin düşürülmesi gerekmektedir. Malzeme arzı, malzeme tedariki ve lojistik süreci boyunca tüm aşama optimum uyum içinde gerçekleştirilmelidir. Dolayısıyla performans artışında, lojistik sektörlerinin etkinliğinin ve verimliliğinin sağlanması önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Avrupa Geçiş Ekonomisi Ülkeleri içinde geçişi tamamlamış olan 11 ülkenin etkinlik ve verimlilik analizi, Lojistik Performans Endeksi alt boyutlarına ait veriler kullanılarak Girdi Odaklı Ölçeğe Göre Sabit Getiri (CCR) ve Girdi Odaklı Ölçeğe Göre Değişken Getiri (BCC) Modellerine göre yapılmıştır. Lojistik Performans Endeksinin altı alt boyutundan üçü (gümrük, altyapı ve lojistik kalite) girdi olarak kullanılırken, diğer üçü ise (uluslararası gönderiler, izleme-takip ve zamanında teslimat) çıktı olarak ele alınmıştır. Veri Zarflama Analizi ile yapılan çalışmada “EMS Paket Programı” kullanılarak etkinlik değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Analiz bulgularından elde edilen sonuçlara göre etkin ve verimli olan ülkeler bulunmuştur. Aynı zamanda etkinsiz ve verimsiz olan ülkeler de bulunarak, etkin olmayan ülkelerin ideal etkinlik düzeyine çıkabilmesi için girdi değişkenlerin iyileştirme oranları hesaplanmıştır.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine Yönelik Tutumlarının Meslek Seçimine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: BAYIR Berna , AY Beyza Nur , ÖZCİHAN Hamza
Published: June 2023

Giriş: Toplumun hemşirelik mesleğine cinsiyetçi yaklaşımının o toplumda yetişen öğrencilerin görüşlerini ve öğrencilerin hemşirelik mesleğine uygunluklarını etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Amaç: Araştırmada hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine yönelik tutumlarının meslek seçimi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Evreni hemşirelik bölümü öğrencileri oluşturdu. Araştırma örneklemini 226 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği, Hemşirelikte Meslek Seçimi Ölçeğiyle toplandı. Verilerin analizinde tek yönlü varyans, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri
kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %96’sı 18-25 yaş aralığında, %81,9’u çekirdek aile yapısına sahipti. Bu öğrencilerin sırasıyla 37,30 ± 3,83 ve 37,50 ± 3,59 ortalamaları ile en yüksek Eşitlikçi Cinsiyet Rolü alt boyutu ortalamasına sahip
olduğu belirlendi. Mesleki Uygunluk alt boyutunda en yüksek ortalamalar 6,82 ± 1,75 ile 18-25 yaş grubunda olan 7,11 ± 1,61 ile İç Anadolu Bölgesinde yaşayan öğrenciler aldı. Eşitlikçi cinsiyet rolü ile mesleki uygunluk alt boyutları arasında, Geleneksel Cinsiyet Rolü ile Yaşamsal Nedenler alt boyutları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki belirlendi (p = 0,05). Aile türü değişkeninin ve mesleği isteyerek seçmenin, Hemşirelikte Meslek Seçimi Ölçeği üzerine etkisi olduğu bulundu (p = 0,05).
Sonuç: Aile türü değişkeninin ve mesleği isteyerek seçmenin mesleki uygunluk üzerine etkisi olduğu görüldü. Eşitlikçi Cinsiyet Rolü alt boyutu ile Mesleki Uygunluk, Geleneksel Cinsiyet Rolü ile Yaşamsal Nedenler alt boyutu arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi. Bu doğrultuda toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin hemşirelik mesleğine uygunluk üzerine etkisi olabileceği söylenebilir
BESLENME ve DİYETETİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN HEDONİK AÇLIK DURUMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ARTVİN ÇORUH ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ERGEN Dilara , DOKUMACIOĞLU Eda , YILDIZ Nesibe
Published: June 2023

Hedonik açlık, enerji ihtiyacı olmaksızın, özellikle şekerli, yağlı gıdalara yeme isteği duyulması ve besinden zevk alma ve mutluluk duyma beklentisi ile ilişkili olarak iştahın sürekli artması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; beslenme ve diyetetik öğrencilerinin hedonik açlık düzeylerini değerlendirmektir. Çalışma 18-25 yaş arası 114 kadın ve 31 erkek olmak üzere toplam 145 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada öğrencilerin sosyodemografik özellikleri, bazı antropometrik ölçümleri, Besin Gücü Ölçeği (BGÖ) ve Aşırı Besin İsteği (ABİS) ölçeği anket tekniği ile sorgulanmıştır. BGÖ skor ortalaması 3,03 olup, besin gücü kaynaklı hedonik açlık varlığı saptanmıştır. ABİS skor ortalaması 132,95 olarak bulunmuştur. Obezite, diyet öyküsü, alkol tüketimi ve kronik hastalıklar gibi çeşitli sebepler hedonik açlığın oluşumunu etkileyebilir. Hedonik açlığın zamanında belirlenmesi, sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıklarının oluşturulması, bireylerin hedonik açlığa maruziyetlerinin azalmasını sağlayabilir.
An Empirical Study on Cyber Crimes Against Women and Children in India
Authors: Navitha. P  , Dr. M. Jegadeeshwaran
Published: June 2023

The aim of the study is to understand the Cyber-crimes against women and Children in India for a period of five years from 2017 to 2021. The study is based on Secondary data collected from the official website of National Crime Records Bureau. Findings of the study shows that the Cyber-crimes in India shows a raising trend year after year. Other Cyber-crimes against women, Cyber Pornography/ Hosting/ Publishing Obscene Sexual Material and Cyber Stalking/ Cyber Bullying of Women are the most occurring cyber-crimes against women in India. Cyber Pornography/ Hosting/ Publishing Obscene Sexual Material and Defamation/ Morphing against women is raising year by year in India.Cyber Pornography/ Hosting or Publishing Obscene Sexual Materials Depicting Children, Other Cyber-crimes against Children and Cyber Stalking/ Bullyingare the most occurring cyber-crimes against children in India. Cyber Pornography/ Hosting or Publishing Obscene Sexual Materials Depicting Children, Cyber Blackmailing/ Threatening/ Harassment andCyber Stalking/ Bullyingagainst children is raising year by year in India.Percentage of Cyber Crimes against women in Total Cyber Crimes and in Total Crimes against women shows an increase year after year. On an average 20.272 percent of the Cyber-crimes in India are against Women and 2.048 percent of the Crimes against women in India are Cyber-crimes.Percentage of Cyber Crimes against Children in Total Cyber Crimes and in Total Crimes against Children shows an increase year after year. On an average 1.346 percent of the Cyber-crimes in India are against Children and 0.446 percent of the Crimes against Children in India are Cyber-crimes
Research and Design of Cloud Computing Security Framework
Authors: Priyank Sunil Lale
Published: June 2023

As a new technique, cloud computing has a rapid development in recent years. However, the security problems have caused great influences to the development and popularization of cloud computing, the importance and urgency has not to be ignored. This paper introduces cloud computing and security situation, studies the main security problems of cloud computing, and comes up with a cloud computing security framework which can effectively solve these security problems, and points out that only to solve the security problems, cloud computing can unceasingly expanded, and the application will be more and more widely.
A Survey of Ant Colony Optimization Based Algorithms for Efficient Routing in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Kalaiselvi G  , Kavitha M G
Published: June 2023

Mobile ad hoc networks are self organizing mobile nodes. Given that these portable gadgets are free to join, leave and the network topology can alter regularly. Devices in such networks must interact with one another and function autonomously through wireless channels because to a lack of infrastructure. It is difficult to create a proper routing protocol for MANETS. Swarm Intelligence (SI), may provide possible optimum solutions that guarantee high resilience, adaptability, and affordability. Additionally, they are capable of handling complex large-scale issues without the need for a centralized control system. In addition to the fundamental requirements for routing in MANETs are expected to function independently organized and provide minimal packet lag, rate of increase in packet delivery, and effective assimilation to changes in the network configuration. In dynamic MANETs, ant colony optimization has been effectively employed to strike a balance between the different connectivity limitations. This paper offers a thorough analysis of different categories of MANET ACO-based routing methods
Meta Analysis Study of Marketing Innovation on SME Business Performance in Ethiopia
Authors: Kant Shashi
Published: June 2023

This study looked at how market innovation affected SMEs' performance in Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, with the use of government support programmes as a moderator. The study's meta-analysis will be guided by the Schumpeter innovation theory, which also incorporates the diffusion of innovation theory, expectancy theory, institutional theory, stakeholder theory, absorptive capacity theory, resource-based view/theory, dynamic capability theory, R-A theory, and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. The researcher used an effect size approach based on a forest and funnel plot to scan, exclude, and include relevant material. Researchers discovered a connection between the Dimension of Innovation and company performance on the basis of an extensive literature review. Also Based on the studied literature, the researcher discovered a link between the moderation of the government support programme and the performance of SMEs' firms in the area of innovation. To carry out this study, an exploratory sequential mixed research design will be used. Based on the current literature, the study attempts to create a conceptual framework and testable hypotheses. It was discovered that the impact of marketing innovation on a firm's performance was moderated by government support programmes. Businesses must be encouraged to adopt government support programmes with a moderating influence as a result.
Social entrepreneurship: laying the foundations of a nascent paradigm
Authors: EL HALAISSI MARWANE
Published: June 2023

Social entrepreneurship was imperative in the economic and political spheres since the 1980s, thanks to the efforts of powerful foundations such as Ashoka or the Grameen Bank, which aroused the interest of the scientific community in this phenomenon. Since the 1990s several research works concerning social entrepreneurship were born, giving birth to several definitions, conceptions, and theoretical readings, going from economics to anthropology. Nevertheless, the researchers were not able to develop a standardized theory, so leaving the field open for various interpretations of various disciplines made social entrepreneurship a metapragmatic field. The purpose of this article is to highlight the theoretical foundations of social entrepreneurship through a comparative approach. We first tried to entrench social entrepreneurship in time, after we had characterized it by the key concepts that make up the readings of the phenomenon," said we do not claim completeness our main goal is to find conceptual models allowing researchers to decipher the practices of social entrepreneurship in its different forms of socio-economic expression in different contexts, something that was achieved by our proposal of a sketch on the four conceptual pillars of social entrepreneurship.
Upward Continuation and Reduction to Equator Filters on Aeromagnetic Data of Nkalagu and Abakaliki Regions of Lower Benue Trough, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Nnaemeka Ejike Kingsley , Egwuonwu Gabriel Ndubuisi , Onyekwelu Chiagoziem Chukwuma
Published: June 2023

This paper adopts two magnetic filtration techniques to enhance the Aeromagnetic maps of Nkalagu and Abakaliki regions of lower Benue trough, Southeastern Nigeria. This aim is to enhance the effectiveness of the map in characterizing the study area. Upward continuation (UPC) and reduction to magnetic equator (RTE) filters were applied to sufficiently improve the interpretation of the aeromagnetic data of the area in terms of recognition and understanding depth continuation and discrimination between shallow and deeper magnetic sources within the study area. The total magnetic intensity and reduction to the equator showed variations in anomalies. The variations were invariably related to magnetic susceptibility, depth, degree of strike, lithology or basement complex rocks harboring varying amounts of magnetic minerals.
Collection security management systems used by public libraries at South Coast region in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN)
Authors:   , Ngidi Sydney Mmeli
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the collection security management systems used by public libraries at South Coast region, KwaZulu-Natal. The objectives of the study were: 1) to identify the collection security management systems used by public libraries at the South Coast region in KwaZulu-Natal; 2) to determine the effectiveness of collection security management systems used at the South Coast region public libraries in KwaZulu-Natal; and 3) to identify any challenges faced by librarians at South Coast region public libraries in KwaZulu-Natal regarding the collection security management systems they use. Public librarians in charge of public libraries at South Coast region were chosen for inclusion in the study using a census. A qualitative approach was used in this study, and adopted interpretivism as it is a qualitative study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 30 librarians of public libraries which fall under 4 municipalities, namely Ray Nkonyeni Municipality, Umdoni Municipality, eThekwini Metro, and Umuziwabantu Municipality. This study adopted a theoretical framework called Collection Security Management in Libraries. The theory is “house” Security Management Model. Data collected was analyzed using Tech’s approach and presented in the form of figures, tables and text. Findings of the study revealed that very few public libraries in the South Coast region use latest electronics security gates to detect unauthorized removal of library collection. A majority of the public libraries in the South Coast region use old systems such as the 3M system and traditional ways of detecting unauthorized removal of the library collection. Findings also revealed that there is no budget allocated for library collection security; no library security management team; and those public libraries that have collection security systems in place still face many challenges although it is effective. The challenges include the prolonged time it takes to service the systems or fix a faulty collection security system; the system not being fixed at all when it is faulty; library users bypassing the system; and the limited supply of tags/magnetic strips. It is recommended that all public libraries at South Coast region in KZN should consider having effective collection security systems to protect library collections, allocate funds for their library collection security, and form a Library Management Team. Lastly, this study recommends that libraries using collection security management systems must be aware of challenges such as power outages; service providers taking time to fix the electronic collection security gate when it is dysfunctional; people removing security tags on library materials; no quick response when the alarm sounds; bypassing of the system; and some books not being tagged with security tags.
Gelenek, Tabu ve Şehirleşme Ekseninde Tokat Yöresi Sıraçları
Authors: KOÇAK Alirıza
Published: June 2023

Türk kültürünün önemli parçalarından olan Alevilik Anadolu ve Balkan coğrafyalarında farklı kültürel topluluklar meydana getirmiştir. Tokat, bu inanç topluluğunun nüfus bakımından yoğun olduğu bir bölgedir. Zile’ye bağlı Acısu köyünde bulunan Anşa Bacı dergâhına intisap etmiş olan Sıraçlar Anadolu’da kadim Türk kültürünün izlerinin halen yakın zamana kadar canlı şekilde yaşatan bir topluluktur. Bu çalışma ile Sıraçların kapalı toplumsal yapıları dolayısıyla koruyarak yirminci yüzyıla kadar taşıdıkları kültürel niteliklerinin modern hayat şartları nedeniyle ne şekilde değiştiği ortaya konulacaktır.

Çalışma, Sigmung Freud tarafından Polenezya yerlilerinin toplumsal yaşamını tetkik etmek için kullanılmış olan tabu kavramı ve şehirleşmeye bağlı kültürel değişimler çerçevesinde Sıraçların geleneksel hayat tarzlarında meydana gelen değişimi evlilik ve ölüm ritüellerine dair uygulama ve inançlar bağlamında ele almaktadır.

Araştırma, bölgedeki Sıraç topluluğunun inanç merkezi olan Tokat ili Zile İlçesi Acısu köyü merkeze alınarak alan araştırmasıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada otantik Sıraç kültürü halen köyde yaşayan Sıraç babaları ve köy halkından derlenirken modern hayatın geleneksel toplum yapısına etkileri konusunda şehrin kültürel habitatında yaşamakta olan Sıraçların görüşleri araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Sonuç olarak Sıraçların kapalı toplum yapısı içerisinde yüzlerce yıl korudukları gelenek ve inanç unsurlarının kente göç ve dış dünya ile kurulan mecburi bağ neticesinde değişmeye ve bu kültürün otantik halini kaybetmeye başladığı tespit edilmiş; bu kültürün hangi unsurlarının tespit edilmesi gerektiğine dair değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
Effects of scent leaf (ocimum gratissimum) on intestinal helminths affecting local free range chickens
Authors: R. A. Olorunsola , A. S Bagbe
Published: June 2023

Scent leaf or Ocimum gratissimum is introduced to test its effectiveness as herbal purgatives in the treatment/eradication of gastrointestinal parasites in native chickens. Therefore, considering the side effects and the extracts and biologically protozoan builds against drugs, more attention should be given to the extracts and biologically active compounds which are isolated from plant species commonly used in herbal medicine. Hence, there is need for the study of potentials use of scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimmum) in the control of gastro-intestinal parasites of local free range chicken. A total of 18 local free range chickens were used for the study. The birds were sourced from the local community market at 17 weeks of age. The local birds were weighed to determine their initial body weight. Six (6) local chickens were allocated to three (3) treatment. The results reveals that all the free range chicken that were given scent leaf extract and commercial dewormer shows great reduction in number of eggs in their feaces. This indicates that scent leaf extract are equally effective as commercial dewormer (mebendazole). From the studies, Ocimum gratissimum is a good antioxidant and also has some medicinal and nutritive values. This method of gastrointestinal helminthes control/eradication is cheap and easy to practice and could be adopted to replace conventional use of anti-helminthic drugs because of recent development of resistance of the helminthes to these drugs. The formulation of the plant extract regimen could be carried out without much technical know-how and the use of highly sophisticated equipment. Consequently, rural dwellers could access this nascent method of eradication of gastrointestinal helminthes in local free range chickens with little training/orientation. From the results of this study it is recommended that Ocimum gratissimum extract and commercial dewormer (Mebendazole) be incorporated into the treatment of local free range chickens without any detrimental effect.
OCULAR CHANGES IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: ATTYIA RASHID  , HUSSAIN AHMAD KHAQAN  , RUBINA YOUSAF  , QUNDEEL ZAHRA  , FARRUKH JAMEEL
Published: June 2023

Objective: Pregnancy results in a lot of hormonal changes in the body and the eyes are no exception. These ocular changes could be physiologic, pathologic or a modification of a pre-existing condition. The aim of this study was to determine physiologic ocular changes that are associated with pregnancy in healthy women.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 women were followed longitudinally through out the course of their pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum. The women were recruited at 8 weeks of pregnancy at the anti-natal clinic in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mansoorah Teaching Hospital,Lahore. The women were aged between 20 and 35 years. Tests carried out included visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy, retinoscopy, and tonometry. The tests were carried out in each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum.

Results: There was a fall in intraocular pressure across the trimesters and this was very significant (P<0.0001). Postpartum, the intraocular pressure began to rise. The difference between the third trimester and post-partum values was also statistically significant (P< 0.0001). The difference in visual acuity through out the pregnancy was not significant (P= 0.8477). Although, there was a fall in refractive error across the different trimesters, it was not statistically significant (P=0.3). There was also no difference in the third trimester and the 6 weeks postpartum values of both visual acuity and refractive error.

Conclusion: Ocular changes associated with pregnancy are transient and most tend to resolve postpartum, with values returning to near pre-pregnant state.
MALNUTRITION IS PREVALENT AMONG CHILDREN (2 MONTHS - 5 YEARS) SUFFERING FROM ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (ARI)
Authors: ABDUR REHMAN KHOKHAR  , M. SHAHID FARUQI  , ABDUL SATTAR  , Q. A. REHMAN  , KHAWAR IQBAL
Published: June 2023

Background: Malnutrition is a worldwide problem and leading cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. Under nutrition in all its forms is still common is south East Asia.

Objective: To determine prevalence of malnutrition among children suffering from ARI and to find association between them.

Patients and Methods: This study was carried out at DHQ Hospital Dera Ghazi Khan from December 2008 to March 2009. Study population included children from OPD and indoor of Pediatric Department. It was a descriptive cross sectional study. Total of 350 ARI patients of age 2 months-5 years, 172 girls and 178 boys were enrolled. Responses to structured questionnaires were collected from all patients.

Results: Prevalence of malnutrition in age group 2 months-l year was 19%. There is increased incidence of malnutrition with increase of age. At 2 years age protein caloric malnutrition PCM was 12.5% among boys and 14% among girls. At age group 3, 4, 5, PCM was 13%, 20%, 27% respectively.

Conclusion: The prevalence of mal-nutrition was high at age group 1 year than 2 - 8 months, 2- 4 years while the PCM was observed as high as 25% at age group 5 years. ARI has significant relation with protein caloric Malnutrition.
TREND AMONG DOCTORS REGARDINGTHEIR OWN CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING
Authors: SADIA RIZWAN  , AMNA SHAHID  , NUZHAT KHAWAJA
Published: June 2023

Background: Cervical cancer can be prevented, by regular screening by a test, called Pap smearand the most important risk factor for cervical cancer is “never having been screened”. Screening for cancer of the cervix remains a neglected health care issue in Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the practices/ trends and attitude about personal Pap smear among female doctors working in field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study

Place of study: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Lahore General Hospital Lahore.

Methodology: Five hundred lady doctors working in field of obstetrics and gynaecology were interviewed using a questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed by SPSS version 10.

Results: Only 3.60% of lady doctors ever had Pap smear and 1.40% had regular Pap smear.Mean age of respondents was 36 year. Only 08%were of parity more than five, mean age of marriage was 26 years and 1.4% were married twice. Oralcontraceptive pills user were 14.6%.The most common reasons of not having Pap smear were embarrassment (16%), busy schedule and considering that they do not have risk of cervical cancer (14 %)and lack of counseling / reminder (11.20%).

Conclusion: Female health professionals working in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology have negligible uptake of cervical cancer screening for their own selves despite being exposed to some of theimportant risk factors for carcinomacervix, which reflects their perception regarding importance of cervical cancer screening for women’s wellbeing. The results of this study may serve as a baseline for future comparisons. A larger community-based study may establish the exact trend, and will guide further planning in this regard.
ATAXIA TELANGIECTASIA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: FARYAD HUSSAIN  , AGHA SHABBIR ALI  , ARIF ZAHEER  , FATIMA TAHIRA  , DR.MOHSIN
Published: June 2023

Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) is a rare, neurodegenerative disease that affects many parts of the body and causes severe disability is characterized by progressive cerebellartaxia, oculocutaneous telangiectasia, and recurrent respiratory and sinus infections. AT is caused bya defect in the ATM gene, which is responsible for recognizing and correcting errors induplicating DNA when cells divide, and in destroying the cells when the errors can notbecorrected. An 11 years old girl who is the first issue of non consanguineous parents completely immunized according to EPI schedule was admitted to lahore general hospital, lahore, on 02.06.2014 with the complaints of generalized weakness and difficulty to walk from the8th year. The patient has one younger brother,8 years old who also has such complaints. Onexamination the patient was found mildly anemic with congestions in both eyeballs that isradiating from the both corners to limbus. The patient was conscious and cooperative. Cranialnerves were intact. There were hypotonia which was more marked in lower limbs with diminished jerks and flexor plantar reflexes. Gait was wide based and ataxic. She was diagnosed as a case of AT. This case is presented as academic interest.
Penggunaan Alat Peraga Puzzle Dengan Metode Demonstrasi Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Di MI Kebokicak
Authors: Nadiroh Intan , Utami Sri
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya motivasi belajar siswa pada materi bangun datar. Rendahnya motivasi siswa tersebut ditunjukkan dengan kurangnya perhatian siswa terhadap materi pelajaran sehingga masih banyak siswa yang sering salah dalam menentukan jenis bangun datar. Selain itu, fasilitas penunjang dan alat peraga di MI kebokicak masih sangat minim. Salah satu upaya agar tingkat motivasi belajar siswa menjadi lebih baik adalah dengan menggunakan alat peraga puzzle dengan metode demonstrasi yang diharapkan dapat memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap motivasi belajar siswa dalam membangun materi data. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam mengerjakan materi bangun datar menggunakan alat peraga puzzle dengan metode demonstrasi pada siswa kelas III semester II MI Kebokicak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif jenis regresi berganda dan uji asumsi klasik dengan bantuan program SPSS 20 for windows menggunakan teknik random sampling. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui; a) adakah pengaruh alat peraga puzzle terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, b) adakah pengaruh metode demonstrasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa dan c) adakah pengaruh alat peraga puzzle dengan metode demonstrasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil perhitungan menggunakan uji-t dan uji-f, dengan rincian sebagai berikut; a) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara puzzle props terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil uji parsial output (t) diperoleh t hitung (2,381) menunjukkan t hitung > t tabel yaitu (2,028) sehingga t hitung hitung lebih besar dari t tabel dan nilai standar signifikan/probabilitas (a) (0,023 < 0,050), b) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengaruh metode demonstrasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil uji parsial output (t) diperoleh t hitung (2,775) menunjukkan hitung > t tabel yaitu (2,028) dengan demikian t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel dan standar signifikansi/nilai probabilitas (a) (0,000 < 0,050), c) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengaruh puzzle props dan metode demonstrasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil tabel uji hipotesis secara simultan, perhitungan F tabel dilakukan dengan menggunakan rumus (F tabel = N-m-1 = db39-2-1 = db36 wi tk tingkat kepercayaan 5%), maka diperoleh F tabel = (3,26). Hasil analisis di atas diperoleh nilai F hitung = (12,126), menunjukkan F hitung > F tabel (16,665 > 3,26) dan standar signifikansi/nilai probabilitas (0,000 < 0,05).
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN GOOGLE WORKSPACE TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI SELAMA PANDEMI
Authors: Adawiyah Marosa Robi’atul
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan komunikasi siswa yang menjalani pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan Google Workspace dan pembelajaran reguler. Google Workspace merupakan alat dalam bentuk aplikasi yang digunakan sebagai bantuan untuk mempermudah pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi, aplikasi yang digunakan dalam diantaranya adalah Google Classroom, Google Document, Google Form dan Google Meet. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experiment dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 3 (kelas eksperimen) dan XI IPA 4 (kelas kontrol) di SMA Laboratorium Malang, dimana kelas eksperimen dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran PBL berbatuan Google Workspace dan kelas kontrol yang dibelajarkan dengan pembelajaran reguler. Keterampilan komunikasi diukur menggunakan lembar observasi yang telah disesuaikan dengan indikator keterampilan komunikasi oleh Greenstein. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa hasil uji hipotesis dengan uji ANACOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan keterampilan komunikasi antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbatuan Google Workspace dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran reguler.
Pemanfaatan Internet Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Di Sd Negeri Pondok Ranji 02
Authors: Ramadani Putri , Maknun Lu’luil
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengungkap terkait dengan pemanfaatan internet sebagai sumber pembelajaran, yang dilakukan di SD NEGERI PONDOK RANJI 02. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengadakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Hasil dari wawancara, observasi dan dokumen kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif. Data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi data yaitu membandingkan data hasil observasi dengan data hasil wawancara dan dengan dokumen. Hasil penelitian tentang bagaimana Pemanfaatan internet sebagai sumber pembelajaran  SD NEGERI PONDOK RANJI 02 , Bentuk pemanfaatan internet sebagai sumber pembelajaran  SD NEGERI PONDOK RANJI 02 yang dilakukan oleh guru dan siswa adalah dengan penugasan oleh guru, siswa diberikan tugas untuk mencari, mempelajari, dan mengungkapkan pada saat pembelajaran untuk memperkaya keterbatasan materi yang ada pada buku dan lembar kerja anak yang digunakan pada saat pembelajaran dan untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang muncul pada saat diskusi, keinginan anak yang tinggi untuk mencari pengetahuan dari berbagai sumber yang didapat melalui browsing dan searching di internet.
Etnomatematika pada Rombong Gula Gending dalam Aktivitas Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Munir Muhammad , Sholehah Hijriati
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan unsur – unsur matematika atau dikenal dengan pendekatan etnomatematika. Etnomatematika merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika yang berbasis budaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Data-data yang dipakai adalah data yang didapatkan dari literature,observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat unsur-unsur matematika (Etnomatematika) pada rombong gula gending yaitu bangun ruang (tabung dan trapezium) dan bidang datar (lingkarang dan persegi panjang. Melalui kegiatan mengamati rombong gula gending dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan etnomatemtika menjelaskan bahwa unsur budaya dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran matematika.
Penerapan Meteode Card Sort Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Kelas V Pada Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadits
Authors: Alwan Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran.Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Instrumen penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelian ini adalah lembar observasi dan catatan lapangan digunakan untuk memperoleh data atauinformasi yang berkaitan dengan situasi kelas yang tidak tercantum dalam lembar observasi.Dalam penelitian ini catatan lapangan digunakan untuk mengamati hal-hal yang terjadi didalam kelas selam penerapan metode pembelajaran card sort. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa pada siklus I rata-rata keaktifan siswa sudah menunjukkan kategori tidak aktif dengan nilai 46,66% . Selanjutnya pada siklus II rata-rata keaktifan siswa sudah menunjukkan kategori  cukup aktif dengan nilai 60%, akan tetapi pada siklus ini masih perlu dilakukan perbaikan sehingga peneliti menggunakan siklus III, Pada siklus III rata-rata keatifan siswa sudah menunjukkan angka 80% kategori aktif. Dengan demikian, metode pembelajaran Card Sort dapat direkomendasikan kepada guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran.
Operational performance and budget constraints: case study in a Public Hospital specialized in Hematology
Authors: Callado Antônio André Cunha , Callado Fábia Michelle Rodrigues de Araújo
Published: June 2023

The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of budget constraints of the Brazilian public sector on operational performance indicators in a hematology specialized Hospital. In order to carry out this research a case study approach was designed considering average length of stay, occupancy rate, hospital mortality rate. Data regarding results of these indicators were obtained considering two periods of time. The first period was from January 2013 to December 2014 and the second period was from January 2015 to September 2016. Expected performance reference values from these indicators were also obtained. Data were obtained from official performance reports. The starting point for budget constraints considered was January 2015. Descriptive statistics was used to present the operational performance obtained. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the presence of significant differences (p=0.05) in operational performance for the performance indicators considered. The results point out that, despite budget constraints, the operational performance regarding occupancy rates and hospital mortality rate did not presented statistically significant differences. Average length of stay was higher in the second period.
Relations between the use of performance indicators and the role of individual companies in supply chain coordination process
Authors: Chaves Renata Porto
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to investigate the relations between the use of performance indicators and the role of individual companies within supply chain coordination process. A survey among 36 individual agribusiness companies was undertaken taking the role of each company in the coordination process of its supply chain into consideration. Senior managers were asked to declare the role of each company in the coordination process of its supply chain as well as to indicate which performance indicators they used through a questionnaire which presented a list composed by 49 performance indicators divided into the four traditional perspectives. Fisher's exact test and a logit model were used to analyze the relations between the usage of performance indicators and the role played in supply chain coordination process. The statistically significant results from Fisher's exact test were relating to inventory, operational costs, operational cycle, information and integration of materials, and risk management. The results from the logit model point out that inventory, and operational costs presented significant predictability levels regarding to the identification of individual supply chain participants, while operational cycle, information and integration of materials, and risk management presented significant predictability levels relating to individual supply chain coordinators. The research carried out in this paper is based on responses provided by senior managers regarding managerial practices and the sample size is limited. However, the results presents a new perspective about the relevance of the role of individual companies within the coordination process of supply chain regarding to performance indicators from which further research may be conducted. The implications relating to management control arising from the findings suggests that metrics selection criteria within in the context of supply chain can be based on both individual motivations and objectives.
Análise dos resultados econômicos dos juizados especiais não-criminais do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Pernambuco no período de 2016 a 2020
Authors: Silva Antônio Alves da , Gomes Anailson Márcio
Published: June 2023

Este estudo buscou elaborar e analisar as Demonstrações do Resultado Econômico (DRE) do Juizados Especiais Não-Criminais integrantes do Judiciário pernambucano no período de 2016 até 2020. Usou o modelo proposto por Slomski (1996) e a NBCT SP 16.11 do Conselho Federal de Contabilidade. O custo de oportunidade identificado para os órgãos analisados foi o custo do serviço prestado pela Justiça comum, sendo alternativa aplicável tendo em vista a atividade jurisdicional ser precípua de Estado. Nesse sentido foram comparadas as estruturas de custos dos Juizados supracitados com a estrutura de custos da instituição pernambucana. O cálculo dos custos da Justiça comum foi feito através da abordagem de custeio de absorção integral, onde se ajustou os valores de Variações Patrimoniais Diminutivas com as depreciações dos bens móveis calculadas. Observou-se que as informações geradas pela contabilidade atendem aos requisitos das normas contábeis aplicados ao Setor Público, restando apenas ajustar somando a depreciação de bens móveis às despesas reconhecidas nos períodos, usou-se as regras já definidas pela instituição para fins de cálculo da depreciação e composição do custo total dos serviços prestados. Foi identificado que apenas 25,30% dos Juizados apresentaram resultados econômicos negativos, não havendo padrão de concentração do ponto de vista geográfico (interior  ou região metropolitana). Apresentam-se como limitações os critérios de rateio utilizados e os custos de manutenção de sistemas de informações que não foram possíveis atribuir. Sugere-se para pesquisas futuras a elaboração de DRE’s em outros órgãos do Poder Judiciário, para que se forme um panorama da realidade nacional.
Validitas Perangkat Pembelajaran Konsep Fluida Berbasis Science Technology Engineering Art Mathematic (STEAM) Berorientasi Education For Sustainable Development (ESD)
Authors: Widarti Rezki , Khoiri Nur , Roshayanti Fenny
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk memperoleh perangkat pembelajaran yang dapat diintegrasikan dengan  STEAM berorientasi ESD pada materi fluida yang valid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) menggunakan model Borg and Gall yang disederhanakan menjadi tiga langkah yang terdiri atas pendahuluan, pengembangan, dan pengujian. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan memberikan angket validasi ahli dan praktisi pendidikan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari dua teknik, teknik pertama kuantitatif berupa hasil presentase validasi perangkat pembelajaran, dan teknik kedua adalah kualitatif yang berasal dari saran dan komentar validator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran fisika berbasis STEAM berorientasi ESD memiliki hasil sangat valid. Hasil validasi ahli untuk silabus 93%, RPP 81%, e-modul 88% dan LKPD 78%. Hasil validasi praktisi pendidikan untuk silabus memiliki presentase 92%, RPP 94% E-modul 91% dan LKPD 91%.
“Ummat” sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VIA SDN Kalibanteng Kidul 01 Semarang
Authors: Rakhmat Nur
Published: June 2023

Belajar adalah proses usaha terus menerus agar mendapat hasil optimal. Maka dari itu, belajar membutuhkan berbagi cara kreatif untuk mencapai hasil terbaik. Seperti yang terjadi di SD Negeri Kalibanteng Kidul 01 Semarang khususnya saat belajar matematika, hasil belajar yang didapat siswa belum maksimal, yaitu masih ada 24 dari 40 siswa yang mendapat nilai di bawah KKM yang ditetapkan yaitu 70. Artinya hanya 16 siswa yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM. Selain disebabkan matematika termasuk pelajaran yang sulit, proses pembelajaran masih ala kadarnya, masih konvensional dan hanya di kelas saja serta belum memanfaatkan media pembelajaran dengan optimal. Setelah melalui beberapa proses, kami menggunakan “UMMAT” sebagai upaya agar hasil belajar matematika meningkat. Dan terbukti “UMMAT” yang merupakan media belajar berbasis permainan tradisional dengan menerapkan pendekatan kooperatif learning ini bisa menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi kesulitan soal matematika. Dari hanya 16 siswa yang lolos di atas KKM, setelah menggunakan “UMMAT” ada 36 siswa yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM. Dan terlihat ada peningkatan hasil belajar dari 16 siswa atau 40% siswa yang lolos KKM menjadi 36 siswa atau 90% siswa setelah “UMMAT” digunakan. Artinya ada peningkatan sebesar 50% hasil belajar matematika siswa setelah menggunakan “UMMAT”.
Pengaruh Media Youtube Stand Up Comedy pada Pembelajaran Lawakan Tunggal terhadap Kemampuan Berbicara Kelas X SMKN 7 Semarang
Authors: Santika Mila , Ulumuddin Arisul , Kismiyati Sri
Published: June 2023

Pada praktik lawakan tunggal yang dilakukan di depan kelas masih banyak siswa yang kebingungan dalam menyampaikan materi yang telah ditulis. Pada penampilan pertama peserta didik lebih banyak mengungkapkan secara monoton dan tidak terlihat bahwa materi yang disampaikan adalah bentuk humor. Peserta didik masih kebingungan untuk memulai kata, memberikan mimik muka yang sesuai dengan apa yang dikatakan sehingga siswa lain yang menonton tidak memahami  maksud humor yang disampaikan. Tujuan dari eksperimen ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari pengaruh media YouTube Stand Up Comedy pada pembelajaran lawakan tunggal terhadap kemampuan berbicara kelas X SMKN 7 Semarang. Peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan melakukan uji normalitas dan uji T. Hasil nilai rata-rata pre-test yaitu 73,78 dan nilai rata-rata post-test yaitu 80,39. Hasil dari eksperimen menunjukkan tabel uji paired sample t-test diperoleh nilai signifikansi (2-tailed)  yaitu 0,000 < 0,05. Dari hasil tersebut maka Hipotesis 0 ditolak dan Hipotesis a diterima.  Simpulan dari hasil penelitian yaitu adanya pengaruh penggunaan media YouTube stand up comedy pada pembelajaran lawakan tunggal terhadap kemampuan berbicara kelas X SMKN 7 Semarang. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengoptimalkan proses pengambilan data agar data yang diperoleh lebih valid.
O SERIAL KILLER SOB UMA PERSPECTIVA PSICOLÓGICA E CRIMINAL: ESTUDO DE CASO DO ASSASSINO DA LUZ VERMELHA
Authors: Silva Eudvânia Natália Passos da , Saraiva Rodrigo Araújo
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho científico tem como objetivo abordar a luz da psicologia e o direito penal criminal em relação ao serial killer, quanto aos desafios em identifica-los e criminaliza-los. Através do estudo bibliográfico foi feita uma análise sob a perspectiva de como o ordenamento jurídico reconhece os assassinos em série, assim como os diagnósticos de acordo com estudos em relação a psicopatia, bem como, a sociopatia. Conceituando sobre a culpabilidade, quanto as suas definições e como são aplicados ao serial killer. Alhures em trazer seus elementos, abordando as diferenças quanto a imputabilidade, inimputabilidade e semi-imputabilidade. Por fim, foi feita um estudo de caso sobre João Acácio Pereira da Costa, mais conhecido como Assassino da Luz Vermelha.