bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A geoelectrical study of aquifers in the Natar, South Lampung
Authors: Mulyasari Rahmi , Darmawan I Gede Boy , Hesti Hesti , Hidayatika Akroma , Suharno Suharno
Published: January 2023

The conditions for the development of population growth and development in the area around the City of Bandar Lampung are very fast and starting to get crowded, as happened in the District of Natar South Lampung, especially in the Village of Pemanggilan. This condition causes an increase in the need for clean water resources in line with the increase in groundwater exploitation. Therefore it is necessary to map the potential of groundwater through aquifer mapping and aquifer rock layers through geoelectrical measurements. This study aims to determine the potential of groundwater from volcanic aquifer systems based on geoelectrical measurements. The method used in this study is geoelectric resistivity using the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration with 3 measurement points. The results of the study show that using the geoelectrical resistivity method, layers with a resistivity value of ? 30.3 ?m are interpreted as shallow aquifers at depths varying from 1 to more than 24 meters with lithology suspected to be tuff and tuff sandstones, which according to geological data are included in the Lampung Formation. Using the 2D geoelectric method, the distribution of shallow aquifers in the study area to a depth of 24 meters can also be determined. The data obtained is expected to be used as supporting data for the sustainable use of water sources.
Gestão da Escola Pública: a Participação da Comunidade
Authors: Paro Vitor
Published: January 2023

Baseado em estudo de caso de cunho etnográfico realizado em escola pública estadual de 1" grau na cidade de São Paulo, com o objetivo de identificar os obstáculos e as potencialidades da participação do usuário na gestão da escola pública, o artigo discute os determinantes imediatos dessa participação, presentes tanto no interior da escola quanto na comunidade por ela servida. Entre os primeiros destacam-se os condicionantes materiais, os institucionais, os politico-sociais e os ideológicos. Entre os ú/timos encontram-se as condições objetivas de vida bem como os condicionantes culturais e os institucionais.

Abstract

This is an etnographic case study of an elementary public school in São Paulo, Identifying opportunities and barriers for participative administration by its users (students, parents, teachers and officers). The article discusses the conditions for this participation in both sides: first in the internai functioning of the school; second in the surrounding Community. For the internai side, economic, institutional, socio-political and ideological conditions are focused. For the Community side, the conditions of Struggle for life, cultural and institutional traditions are focused.

Résumé

En s 'appuyant sur une étude de cas ethnographique, réalisée en école publique du leur degré à São Paulo, avec l`objectif d'identifier les obstacles etpotentialités de Ia participation des utilisateurs dans là gestion de Vécole publique, Varticle discute les determinants immédiats de cette participation, presents à l 'interleur de l 'école aussi comme à là communauté servie par elle. Parmi les premiers on trouve les restrictions matérielles, institutionnelles, politico-sociales et les idéologiques. Parmi les autres, les conditions objectives de vie aussi comme les restrictions culturelles et les intitutionnelles.

Resumen

Fundamentado en estúdio de caso de cuho etnográfico realizado en escuela pública estadual de lsgradoen laciudadde SãoPaulo, con el objetivo de identificar los obstáculos y potencialidades de participación de los usuários en Ia gestión de là escuela pública, el artículo discute los determinantes inmediatos de esa participación, presentes tanto en el interior de là escuela como en là comunidad por ella servida. Entre los primeros se destacan los condicionantes materiales, los histitucionales, los politico-sociales y los ideológicos. Entre los últimos se encuentran Ias condiciones objetivas de vida así como los condicionantes culturales y los histitucionales.
A evolução dos recursos federais nos programas de transporte escolar: impactos na educação básica
Authors: Ribeiro Andreia , Ferreira de Jesus Wellington
Published: January 2023

O presente estudo exploratório apresenta a situação do investimento público federal para os programas de transporte escolar mantidos pelo governo federal para atendimento da educação básica. São analisadas a estrutura orçamentária, as fontes de recursos, as condições de execução das ações e a expansão do atendimento no intervalo de 2003 a 2012. Nesse contexto, utilizou-se a análise documental para abordar se houve avanço nos indicadores educacionais e se essa evolução se deve ao crescimento do financiamento apresentado neste artigo. A análise das informações permitiu verificar a evolução de recursos financeiros da política de transporte escolar que impactam a vida escolar dos estudantes da educação básica.
As redes sociais na internet e suas apropriações por jovens brasileiros e portugueses em idade escolar
Authors: Rosado Luiz Alexandre , Tomé Vitor Manuel
Published: January 2023

O fenômeno das redes sociais on-line é marcante na atual fase da internet 2.0, tendo crescido vertiginosamente, a partir do ano 2005, com a adesão majoritária de jovens, que as acessam por computadores fixos e móveis, em plataformas dos mais variados tipos. Por meio delas, trocam mensagens e compartilham conteúdos os mais diversos. Diante desse cenário, com base em duas pesquisas convergentes, pretende-se discutir os usos e as apropriações das redes sociais on-line por jovens alunos do ensino fundamental e médio e destacar os pontos mais pertinentes da atual fase da internet nos contextos pessoal, familiar e escolar. Foram aplicados questionários, inspirados em modelo de pesquisa elaborado na Itália, a 404 alunos brasileiros de oito escolas no Rio de Janeiro e a 549 alunos portugueses de 11 escolas na região portuguesa de Castelo Branco. Com essa rica empiria, verificou-se em que pontos os jovens se aproximam dos ideais de uma nova subjetividade (o leitor imerso nas novas mídias) e de um jovem naturalmente afeito aos suportes digitais (o nativo digital).
Factual grounds for the application of the special legal regime of martial state
Authors: Kulyk S.
Published: January 2023

The factual grounds for the application of a special legal regime of martial law in Ukraine and foreign countries at the current stage and in the historical and legal context have been studied. The concept of an armed attack as a factual basis for the introduction of martial law is analyzed. The normative-legal interpretation of the concept of "threat of attack" in national Ukrainian legislation is shown. It is emphasized that armed aggression in modern theory and practice means external armed aggression, the commission of which constitutes a violation of such a fundamental principle of international law as the non-use of force or the threat of force in international relations, which is formulated in mandatory international legal norms and the recognition of such norms an integral part of the national legal systems of all states of the world without exception, even without the ratification of those sources that contain the main principles of international law and generally recognized norms and principles of international humanitarian law. It is shown that the solution of internal social crises of an economic, political or any other substantive nature can be a controversial from the point of view of international legal and constitutional legal legitimacy in some foreign states. The current Ukrainian legislation quite justifiably does not include similar situations in the list of possible factual grounds for imposing martial law, since a special legal regime for internal crisis situations is a state of emergency. It has been established that according to the current Ukrainian legislation, the following factual grounds for the application of martial law as a special legal regime are recognized as possible: a) armed aggression; b) threat of attack. At the same time, both such situations should pose a danger to the state independence of Ukraine and/or its territorial integrity, which is a natural, immanently inherent property of any act of aggression or its real threat. Based on a similar formal and legal definition of the factual grounds for the application of martial law according to the current Ukrainian legislation, each of the possible factual grounds for the application of a special legal regime of martial law was considered separately in order to establish their content, scope and provide a proper interpretation in the context of the general ideas of modern constitutionalism about a special order of functioning systems of bodies and officials of public authorities and permissible and necessary temporary restrictions of the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen.
Social entrepreneurship in the mechanism of realization of constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen
Authors: Byelov D. , Rosul N.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of the concept and legal nature of social business through the prism of the mechanism of realizationof the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen and the peculiarities of the implementation of social business models in Ukraine. The article analyzes successful social entrepreneurship projects that built their model taking into account two factors: the business component and the social component.

Problematic issues caused by the introduction of martial law in Ukraine and aggression by the Russian Federation in the sphere of the realization of constitutional rights, in particular the right to social protection, to work in conditions of war, are outlined. Taking into account the large number of internally displaced persons, destroyed enterprises, persons who need additional financial support and deficit in the budget, the importance of social entrepreneurship is substantiated.

It is noted that local communities around the world play an increasingly important role in solving social problems. Ukraine is also following the path of decentralization, and it is really working. Due to the desire of a certain target group to take responsibility and the will of the center to give it,new initiatives arise that can change the world.

In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that social entrepreneurship can symbolize the departure of Ukrainian society fromcollectivism and the transition to individualism, where legal entities and natural personsentrepreneurs, through their activities on their own initiative, create decent conditions for the life of socially vulnerable segments of the population.
Special means in police activity: a new concept
Authors: Boyko O. , Zhbanchyk A.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to a theoretical study of the problems of legal regulation of the use of special means by police officers during the performance of official duties. The analysis was carried out and the general characteristics of the existing classification of special means, the interpretation of the normative-legal definition of the methods of their implementation, and the lack of a unified view of these elements of official activity were noted.

It is noted about the peculiarities during the introduction of martial law of the service and service-combat activities of the police, which consist in the possibility for its employees to use any improvised means in a special capacity and to ignore the general rules (order and conditions) of application in cases of the need to repel an attack or detain a person and elimination of danger in a state of extreme necessity regarding a certain category of offenders: persons participating in armed aggression against Ukraine. It is emphasized that an official interpretation of such a right is required in the field of application of special means.

It was determined that special means are used mainly within the scope of police powers, either preventive (inadmissibility of injuries) or coercive (maximum lethal consequences, disabling of personnel and military equipment). But some of the provided means have a combined scope of application, and during the period of martial law they can change their purpose depending on the situation of use, which requires a review of the affiliation of certain special means to coercive ones. The problems of the ambiguity of enlisting service animals as coercive police measures, as well as the lack of certainty among special means that allow the exercise of official powers, such as those belonging to mandatory tactical medical equipment, are highlighted. This will make it possible to harmonize the terminology used in the relevant law ("medical", "pre-medical", "non-medical" assistance).

The validity of a conceptually and fundamentally new approach to the existing system of special means, which are used or used for the performance of police powers, is determined, and its improvement is a promising direction of law-making.
Administrative and legal activities of the State Customs Service in the conditions of war and prospects of European integration
Authors: Dorofeieva L. , Korneva T.
Published: January 2023

Emergency situations of martial law, affecting society, create special conditions for the activities of all state authorities, including the State Customs Service of Ukraine. Complicating the process of state administration, the conditions that arose during the war require special legal, organizational, financial, and material and technical support.

It  leds to the need to research regulatory approaches and determine the administrative and legal activities of customs authorities in the conditions of martial law and the prospects of movement in the EU.

The article clarifies and analyzes normative legal acts of national legislation that underwent changes during martial law in the context of their harmonization and fulfillment of the terms of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of customs affairs.

 Attention is focused on the relevance of the problems of unification and simplification of customs procedures when moving goods across the customs border of Ukraine during martial law. The reform of the customs service is defined as a continuous process, where many means and methods are experimentally developed, which make professional training quite effective and promising. The process of using the norms of customs law to ensure the interaction of the state with the public, the effective participation of civil society institutions in the formation and implementation of customs policy, and the protection of their rights and interests is argued.

Attention is attracted to separate problems in three topical areas of reforming and functioning of Ukrainian customs, in particular customs rules, customs service, customs services and procedures.

The article outlines the peculiarities of the relationship between the legal categories "administrative activity of the customs service" and "state management of customs affairs". Separate areas of activity of customs authorities regarding the implementation of the human rights mechanism of the state were considered. The content of the administrative activity of customs authorities in the field of ensuring the rights and freedoms of subjects of foreign economic activity during the state of war and movement in the EU is revealed.

A conclusion was made about the need to involve the business environment in the implementation of procedures for the movement of Ukraine in the EU in the field of customs affairs. The directions for improving the administrative and legal basis of the activities of customs authorities in the conditions of war and the prospects of European integration are outlined, in particular, based on the study of foreign experience of the administrative and legal regulation of the functioning of customs authorities in the EU and the determination of the possibilities of its use in Ukraine.
Concept of professional legal aid in Ukraine: general theoretical aspect
Authors: Mishchuk І.
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes key issues of professional legal assistance at a general theoretical level. The article defines that everyone's access to professional legal aid is a fundamental right, which is enshrined at the international legal and constitutional legal level. The right to professional legal assistance, its content and legal nature are described. Taking into account the interpretations of the studied concept of professional legal aid present in the scientific opinion, it is defined as the professional activity of lawyers, which is aimed at realizing the constitutional right to professional legal aid with the aim of observing the legitimate interests, rights and freedoms of a person by solving a problematic legal situation through the provision of legal services.

The main problems that cause the lack of unity regarding the definition of the content of professional legal assistance are identified: terminological inconsistency in the legislation, lack of a unified approach in scientific opinion. The main approaches to the relationship between the concepts of "professional legal aid" and "legal aid" in legal science are analyzed and the content of professional legal aid is determined according to the main approaches available in the scientific literature. The specifics of professional legal assistance and its types are determined.

It is summarized that the legislator established in Art. 59 of the Constitution of Ukraine the right to professional legal assistance, but at present there is a terminological inconsistency with this provision of the content of other legislative acts.  Taking into account the above, it is proposed to improve the legal regulation of the institute of professional legal assistance by making changes to the normative legal acts that regulate various aspects of providing professional legal assistance and to eliminate terminological disagreements regarding the definition of professional legal assistance.
Administrative and legal characteristics of digitization in the field of customs affairs
Authors: Shevchenko L.
Published: January 2023

Customs procedures for the crossing of goods and vehicles across the border play an important role in the system of customs policy instruments. Ukraine’s international trade is developing at a rapid pace, in particular, there is an increase in the volume of imports of goods into Ukraine, in view of this, international organizations are increasing the requirements for the unhindered entry of foreign goods into the domestic market of Ukraine, therefore there is a need for constant improvement of customs control procedures in Ukraine in the field of digitalization of the customs space state

Thus, the World Customs Organization defined approaches to speeding up and simplifying customs procedures in its program documents – the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures, Framework Standards for Security and Facilitation of World Trade. Since Ukraine aspires to full membership in the EU, the course of its customs policy should be aimed at improving the digitalization system atcustoms.

It is quite obvious that speeding up and simplifying customs procedures is not possible with the use of old technologies based on paper documents. Here, information customs technologies come to the fore, the basis of which is electronic document flow. The introduction of electronic document circulation makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for receipt, processing and decision-making regarding the movement of goods across the customs border of Ukraine, the release of goods into free circulation, reduce the risks associated with customs offenses and smuggling, which in turn will ensure the growth of goods turnover, and therefore, an increase in revenues to the state budget.

Therefore, today there is an urgent need to speed up the process of digitalization of customs policy in order to improve the effectiveness of customs procedures in Ukraine, review approaches to ensure their effectiveness and form an effective customs risk management system. The customs structure of the state must have powerful information support in the form of a qualitatively built system of information and analytical support. This can be achieved by creating a system of information modules. That is why the new stage of development of the customs system of Ukraine is impossible without the development of network information support. Information digitization of customs procedures should correspond to electronic business, trade and electronic foreign economic documents.
The relevance of the modern interpretation of the norm on treason
Authors: Nahorna О. , Dovhaliyk Y.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of treason as one of the crimes which encroach on the elements of Ukraine's national security.

There is a fairly significant danger to the national safety of Ukraine because of annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol from Ukraine by the Russian Federation and because the aggressor state dared a full-scale invasion eight years after the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war. So, criminal liability for crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine is of particular importance, because these crimes are the most dangerous encroachments on social relations that ensure state sovereignty, territorial integrity, inviolability and defense capability of the state, state security of Ukraine and its constitutional order.

In the article, the authors focused on the issue of formation and development of the normative definition of the crime "treason" and responsibility for this crime. Emphasis is placed on the legal acts, which codified the concept of treason, researched and analyzed the different approaches of the legislator to the definition of treason as a crime formed over the centuries.

The authors considered and characterized the elements of the crime: object, subject, objective and subjective aspects of treason as a crime against the foundations of national security of Ukraine, as well as specific features of these elements. In addition, the authors focused on different approaches of scientists to determination of the elements of the crime of "treason" provided for in Article 111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

Emphasis is placed on changes made to the Criminal Code of Ukraine which relate to the strengthening of responsibility for crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine, in particular for treason, under the conditions of martial law, the authors found out that the purpose of these changes is to ensure fair punishment of persons who encroach on the safety of the state in the conditions of martial law.
Corruption risks in procedures for receiving humanitarian aid under martial law
Authors: Nesterenko K.O , Bulgakova O.V.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the coverage and analysis of corruption risks and operational deficiencies that arise at various levels of the state's work with humanitarian aid, as well as the search for ways to improve the effectiveness of the mechanism for providing humanitarian aid, minimize the sources of risks, and eliminate the prerequisites for corruption.

It was noted that since the beginning of the large-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of independent Ukraine from February 24, 2022, our country has faced an urgent problem of providing humanitarian aid1 to the military and civilian population, in particular internally displaced persons.

Given the critical importance of this direction of state policy and

information about the problems that accompany the processes of providing humanitarian aid, there was a need to research the specified problems.

The article focuses on how the processes of providing humanitarian aid are implemented in practice during martial law.

A number of corruption risks and operational deficiencies at various stages of receiving humanitarian aid were identified and characterized.

It turns out that at the stage of customs clearance of humanitarian cargo there are risks: -satisfaction of private interests by officials of the State Customs Service of Ukraine; - abuse by officials whose competence is to make a decision on the forced alienation or seizure of property under the conditions of the legal regime of martial law, in order to satisfy the private interests of one's own or third parties; - import of commercial goods into the customs territory of Ukraine under the guise of humanitarian aid, etc.

The article not only lists the procedures and stages of receiving humanitarian aid, analyzes real and potential corruption risks, but also provides suggestions for minimizing corruption risks in the procedures for receiving humanitarian aid under martial law.
Сombating drug crime as a complex system of legal reaction of law enforcement agencies to criminal phenomena
Authors: Stupnyk Ya.V , Martsenyshyn Iu. I. , Hetsko М.М. , Matsola A.A.
Published: January 2023

The article carries out a criminological analysis of the main elements of the drug crime prevention mechanism as a complex system of legal response of law enforcement agencies to criminal phenomena, characterized by an integral complex of interrelated elements, and on this basis the researched concept is formulated and the differences between the closest adjacent categories are shown.

It was determined that the concept of the mechanism of combating crime in the field of illegal drug trafficking as a category has a double meaning. The complexity of choosing an approach to determining the constituent system elements of the mechanism also determines the complexity of the studied concept itself. The study of the mechanism as a system with all its interrelationships helped to fully reveal the meaning of this concept. As for such a social phenomenon as countering drug crime, the concept of "mechanism" must be used mainly in a practical aspect, bearing in mind the achievement of certain results of criminological influence from the activities of law enforcement agencies. At the same time, the concept of "crime prevention mechanism" is really related to the concept of "crime prevention".

The mechanism of drug crime prevention in his understanding is considered as a systemic and complex construction that can be interpreted within the framework of different approaches. These approaches, which make it possible to use the research potential of other sciences (mainly psychology, cybernetics, sociology, various branches of legal sciences that study various aspects of management), are aimed at revealing certain, sometimes very important, aspects of crime prevention and its mechanisms.

Based on the results of the conducted research, it was concluded that the mechanism of combating drug crime is considered as such a system formation (all aggregates as a single entity) of norms, principles, institutions (state-legal and socio-political), forms, methods and means (organizational, legal, economic, socio-psychological), connections and relations, with the help of which the criminological influence of law enforcement agencies on specific objects is carried out in order to achieve certain goals. In this narrow (literal) understanding, this mechanism is a set of forms, methods and means used by individual subjects to carry out broad activities in the field of combating drug crime. It was determined that the criminological doctrine and practice of law enforcement confirmed that the dynamics and structure of modern drug crime are determined not only by the traditional causes and conditions of this negative social phenomenon, long studied by specialists, but also by specific criminogenic factors caused by various crisis phenomena and processes, generated by new complex social - economic and domestic political realities in which Ukrainian society found itself.
Peculiarities of the work of courts under martial law
Authors: Kravtsova M. , Datsyuk T.
Published: January 2023

The work of the judicial system in wartime is a subject of debate, because, despite the fact that the order of court work is fixed, most often, in the constitutions of countries, there are various precedents and experience of the work of courts in emergency situations. Important factors influencing the work of courts are the safety of judges and other participants in the process due to the occupation of some regions, massive shelling of Ukrainian cities, possible sabotage, etc. In international practice, emergency situations include: state of emergency, state of war, state of siege, state of public danger, state of war, state of tension, state of defense, state of threat, state of readiness. Independent Ukraine applied martial law for the first time in its existence in 2022, after the beginning of open aggression by the Russian Federation. In addition to the Constitution of Ukraine, during the period of martial law, the work of courts is regulated by the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law" and the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges" on Changing the Jurisdiction of Courts" No. 2112-IX.The main aspects of the work of the courts in Ukraine during martial law in 2022 were: the work of the courts cannot be stopped; the safety of people is the primary goal; all judicial bodies must develop plans that include: measures to preserve personal files and personal data of judges and employees; lists of court cases to be evacuated, as well as those to be destroyed; the places where such documents will be evacuated and the routes of such movement; issues of information technology evacuation and data preservation; heads of justice bodies are responsible for organizing emergency measures; Parliament should promptly respond to the need for legislative support for the stable functioning of the judicial system; the authorities should ensure the information security of judges and limit public access to registers containing information about them; subjects responsible for the formation of the Supreme Council of Justice to form its composition as soon as possible; an operational headquarters was created at the Council of Judges of Ukraine. The experience of Ukraine and the conclusions made by the authorities regarding the effectiveness of such an algorithm of court work in martial law conditions can be used by European countries.
International standards of mediation as an alternative way to resolve legal disputes and their implementation in the conditions of european integration of Ukraine
Authors: Istin S.О.
Published: January 2023

The article describes the international standards of mediation as an alternative way of resolving legal disputes and substantiating the prospects of their implementation in Ukraine.

It is substantiated that the leading role in the formation of mediation standards is played by global and regional international organizations and unions, in particular, the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the European Union, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Chamber of Commerce, the World Trade Organization, etc. Due to their normative and organizational activities, these entities have developed a number of leading and effective mediation standards, the implementation of which is still relevant for Ukraine. Considering the European integration intentions of Ukraine, the implementation of the standards of the Council of Europe and taking into account the experience and standards of mediation formed by the European Union are particularly relevant.

International standards of mediation should be conditionally divided into two groups: 1) those related to the professional activity of mediation: professionalism of the mediator, experience, independence, neutrality and objectivity, responsibility of the mediator; 2) those related to the procedure and consequences of mediation: initiation of mediation by the parties or an authorized body, contractual grounds for conducting it, confidentiality, quality of mediation, guarantee of legal protection regardless of the conduct of mediation, clarity of the procedure and consequences of mediation for the parties, honesty of the mediation process, obligation of the decision made for the parties, payment of the mediator's services, etc.

Standards related to ensuring the quality of mediation in Ukraine require implementation into the current legislation on mediation. The legislation does not define effective, simple and effective mechanisms for monitoring the quality of mediation. In particular, the possibility of bringing the mediator to civil, administrative, and criminal liability is determined. But there are actually no grounds for such responsibility in the industry legislation, which creates a gap.
The role of The Development Bank of The Council of Europe in the social integration of refugees and persons in need of temporary protection
Authors: Plotnikova M.V.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with a common problem for the member states of the Council of Europe related to a large number of displaced persons who find themselves in a new society, which determines the processes of integration of refugees and persons in need of temporary protection. Due to the aggression of the Russian Federation, there is a new wave of displaced persons in European countries who, in accordance with EU law, may be granted the status of a person in need of temporary protection. It is determined that integration is a process that should be influenced through the implementation of appropriate public policies. Integration of migrants and persons in need of temporary protection will make their social exclusion impossible. To accelerate the integration processes, the States need resources, one of the sources of which is the Council of Europe Development Bank. The legal status of the Development Bank of the Council of Europe, which is a financial institution whose main purpose is to perform social tasks, in particular to solve problems related to the presence of refugees, is investigated. The Council of Europe Development Bank was established through the signing of a partial agreement of the Council of Europe, which allows states to choose to participate in this agreement or not. It is advisable for Ukraine to become a member of the Council of Europe Development Bank in order to use the appropriate financial mechanisms to realize the rights of internally displaced persons. The sources of formation of the fund and directions of their use are determined. One of the target funds of the Council of Europe Development Bank is the Migrants and Refugees Fund, which supports the member states of the Council of Europe Development Bank in accommodating migrants and refugees arriving on their territory by providing grants and loans to these states. This provides additional resources for the social integration of refugees and persons in need of temporary protection. These resources are needed for social assistance, accommodation of these persons, medical care, language courses, etc. that will ensure their social integration into the society of the host country. Thus, the Development Bank of the Council of Europe is an element of the system of guarantees of the rights of refugees and persons in need of temporary protection, helping member states to implement policies of integration of these persons.
The Influence of Product Quality, Brand Image, and Price on Purchase Decision of Cimory Yogurt Drink: A Case in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Abidin Roni Syahrul
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of product quality, brand image, and price on purchase decision of cimory yogurt drink in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The population of this study were people who had purchased and consumed Cimory yogurt drink. The sample was 100 respondents selected based on the predetermined criteria under probability sampling technique of cluster (area) random sampling. The data collection technique used is questionnaire. Data analysis with multiple linear regression was processed using the SPSS. The results indicate that product quality, brand image, and price have a significant positive effect on purchase decisions partially and simultaneously.
SWOT Analysis for Determining Marketing Strategy: A Case Study on Coal Mining Related Service Firm
Authors: Wahyudi Nella Oktaviana , Agustini Maria Y.D. Hayu , Ferijani Agatha
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study aims to identify marketing strategy alternatives for the studied company is able to compete in higher intense competition in which more companies have been entering the market. Interview to the managers of the company was conducted to gather data on the marketing strategy it has applied. SWOT analysis using IFE matrix for describing strength and weakness factors and EFE matrix for opportunity and threat factors. The results indicate that the company is in quadrant I of IE matrix meaning that internally the company has strengths and externally it has opportunities. Appropriate strategy is to grow and build. The company can penetrate the market by offering new services to the existing clients, develop the market by addressing not only big companies but also the smaller ones, and develop product by creating new supporting services to the clients.
A POSTMODERNIST CRITIQUE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY’S RESPONSE TO THE GENOCIDE IN RWANDA: HOW THE UN’S RHETORIC CONTRIBUTED TO HUMANITARIAN FAILURE
Authors: BONTEA George Horațiu
Published: January 2023

The gruesome savagery displayed during the events in Rwanda astounded the entire world. Even more outrageous is the fact that the international community did not have a strong response to the massacre and allowed millions of lives to be affected by the actions of Akazu. In this essay, I wish to propose that, drawing on the notion that postmodernist international theory's metanarratives can be created inside the framework of international politics, I look at a horrific incident that shocked the public. This study aims to address the issue, Why was the rhetoric of the United Nations potentially fueling the brutality of the Rwandan genocide? to demonstrate that the international community's rhetoric played a significant role in these sad events. All of them point to the fact that the way we classify and prioritise humanitarian situations can be considerably influenced by a international organisation with accepted authority in the international community. We saw the construction of a Rwanda Civil War metanarrative that only showed one side of the conflict before collapsing in the face of the terrible truth of what had actually occurred.
SMART PARADIGMS OF MODERN INTERNATIONAL MEDIATION
Authors: NEAGOŞ Ramona Alexandra
Published: January 2023

Over the past few decades, due to increasing interdependence between societies, the speed of information propagation, the diminishing constraints of time and space on communication and the simultaneous involvement of an increment number of actors in the same operating theatre, we have witnessed the globalization of conflict and along with it a remarkable transformation of conflict and how it is fought. There has been a surge of interest in the recent literature on disaggregating war on defining the mechanisms driving non-conventional warfare, and therefore, the aim of this article is to underline the fact that the existing literature on international mediation has placed far too little stress on finding new approaches on managing these new challenges. The international mediation regime did not to match the rhythm and directions of conflict evolutions.
Review of: Adams, Robert Merrihew, What It Is, and What It Is in Itself: A Systematic Ontology
Authors: Lo Tien-Chun
Published: January 2023

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Predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania)
Authors: Călugăr Adina , Stathakis Theodoros , Papadoulis Georgios Th.
Published: January 2023

In Romania, phytoseiid mites was notified sporadically with the occasion of some ecological works referring to the whole Mesostigmata. Seven years of investigations carried out in Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve led to the identification of 12 species belonging to the family Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) namely Amblyseius meridionalis Berlese, A.obtusus (Koch) sensu Karg, A. terreus Kolodochka, Graminaseius graminis (Chant), Neoseiulus alpinus (Schweizer), N. cinctutus (Livshitz and Kuznetsov), N. extricatus (Kolodochka), N. tervus Meshkov, Proprioseiopsis messor (Wainstein), P. scurra (Wainstein and Beglyarov), Transeius macrospermathecus Papadoulis, Emmanouel and Kapaxidi, Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) kerkirae Swirski and Ragusa. With the exception of A. meridionalis and A. obtusus the rest of the species are reported for the first time from Romania.
Approach to the pruritic horse
Authors: White Stephen D.
Published: January 2023

Pruritus in the horse may be due to several causes, the most common being a hypersensitivity response to salivary proteins in the Culicoides genera, which may coexist with atopic dermatitis, also known as an environmental allergy to pollens, molds, dust, storage mites, etc. Less common etiologies are food allergy and contact allergy, the latter often caused by owners applying various products to the skin. Other ectoparasites, such as Chorioptes mites, may also initiate pruritus. Secondary bacterial infections (usually Staphylococcus spp) may be pruritic in and of themselves.

This article reviews the questions that need to be asked of owners to obtain a relevant history, always important for any organ system, but perhaps none more so than the skin. The various clinical findings such as alopecia and crusts and their location on the horse, diagnostic methods such as intradermal or serum testing for allergies, and subsequent hyposensitization are also discussed. Therapeutic options currently available for the potential underlying diseases, in particular for the hypersensitivity reactions to Culicoides spp or environmental allergens, are reviewed with the studies of hyposensitization over the last 40 years, as well as medications that may be effective.

While the most common causes of pruritus in the horse are known, the current understanding of the pathophysiology still needs to be investigated, and consequently, the most effective treatments for those causes need to be improved. Newer research is discussed that may eventually add to the diagnostic and therapeutic options currently available for the pruritic horse.
Algorithms for reconstruction of impedance spectra from non-uniformly sampled step responses
Authors: Zaikou Y. , Gansauge C. , Echtermeyer D. , Pliquett U.
Published: January 2023

Fast and reliable bioimpedimetric measurements are of growing importance in many practical applications. In this work we used a measurement method in time domain by processing the step response of the biological system under test. In order to decrease the data volume and computation time while retaining all relevant information the step response is sampled non-uniformly. Consequently, fast Fourier transform cannot be directly used for spectrum calculation and non-conventional data processing algorithms for transforming measured data into the frequency domain are required.

In this paper we present corresponding computational methods. They are split into two groups. The first group is oriented on calculating the local approximation of the measured step response with a set of proper functions and calculating its spectrum via analytical Fourier transform, thus yielding a relatively versatile approach for estimating the impedance spectrum. In this case, the choice of approximating functions that suit known a priori properties of the measured signals are of great importance.

A second group of methods relies on the evaluation of important signal parameters directly in the time domain. In this case we use a priori information about the measurement object in the form of an underlying model. After that the model is fitted to the measured data and thus, parameter values are extracted.

Practical aspects, advantages and drawbacks of all considered data processing steps are revealed when applying them to the measurements made with real biological objects.
THE FORMATION OF ETHNIC IDENTITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors:   Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Sidoryakin R.V.
Published: January 2023

The scientific article analyzes the process of ethnic identity formation as a topical psychological and pedagogical problem. The problem is considered on the example of multinational Republic of Tatarstan, which is characterized by intensive interethnic interactions with a low level of conflict on ethnic, national or confessional grounds. The scientific-theoretical analysis of the concept of “ethnic identity” was carried out. The author’s definition of ethnic identity as a dynamic and multidimensional formation, which characterizes the feeling (implicit component) and awareness (explicit component) of a person as a member of a certain ethnic group/community, formed in the framework of socio-psychological approach, was taken as a theoretical basis of the research. The materials are compared and the conclusions of published research on the problem of ethnic identity formation in the population of the Republic of Tatarstan are analyzed critically. The conclusions about the specifics of the process of ethnic identity formation in the representatives of the Republic of Tatarstan have been made. The psychological and pedagogical conditions, contributing to the low interethnic conflict in the analyzed region with the high intensity of interethnic interactions were revealed and systematized. Such conditions include: maintaining an attitude of open interaction and openness to change in society; creating conditions for true bilingualism; creating conditions for free worship and dialogue of faiths; creating conditions for representatives of different ethnic groups to realize active attitudes related not only to strengthening culture, but also to business development, social charity and patronage of the arts. Psychological and pedagogical conditions must be implemented at all levels: regional, at the level of institutions and collectives, and at the level of family upbringing. The results obtained are of high significance as they allow one to form a holistic view of the ethnic identity of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as formulate key psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of ethnic identity while maintaining high intensity of interethnic interaction and low interethnic and interconfessional conflict in the region.