bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Residual-driven online multiscale methods for acoustic-wave propagation in 2D heterogeneous media
Authors: Chung Eric T. , Efendiev Yalchin , Gibson Richard L. , Leung Wing Tat
Published: March 2017

Common applications, such as geophysical exploration, reservoir characterization, and earthquake quantification, in modeling and inversion aim to apply numerical simulations of elastic- or acoustic-wave propagation to increasingly large and complex models, which can provide more realistic and useful results. However, the computational cost of these simulations increases rapidly, which makes them inapplicable to certain problems. We apply a newly developed multiscale finite-element algorithm, the generalized multiscale finite-element method (GMsFEM), to address this challenge in simulating acoustic-wave propagation in heterogeneous media. The wave equation is solved on a coarse grid using multiscale basis functions that are chosen from the most dominant modes among those computed by solving relevant local problems on a fine-grid representation of the model. These multiscale basis functions are computed once in an off-line stage prior to the simulation of wave propagation. Because these calculations are localized to individual coarse cells, one can improve the accuracy of multiscale methods by revising and updating these basis functions during the simulation. These updated bases are referred to as online basis functions. This is a significant extension of previous applications of similar online basis functions to time-independent problems. We tested our new algorithm and numerical results for acoustic-wave propagation using the acoustic Marmousi model. Long-term developments have a strong potential to enhance inversion algorithms because the basis functions need not be regenerated everywhere. In particular, recomputation of basis functions is required only at regions in which the model is updated. Thus, our method allows faster simulations for repeated calculations, which are needed for inversion purpose.
Imaging the total wavefields by reflectivity estimation using amplitude-normalized wavefield decomposition: Field data example
Authors: Ordoñez Alba , Söllner Walter , Klüver Tilman
Published: March 2017

To combine imaging information of up- and downgoing wavefields using primaries and multiples, we have developed an imaging framework based on the subsurface impulse response. The latter is expressed at every depth level by a Fredholm integral equation defined in terms of the amplitude-normalized upgoing pressure and downgoing vertical velocity wavefields. The subsurface impulse response can be obtained by inverting the matrix form of the integral equation. By performing a multidimensional deconvolution (MDD) of the upgoing components by the downgoing components, this procedure gives the reflectivity matrix. By assuming locally reacting media or lateral shift invariance, we can describe how the MDD can reduce to simpler deconvolution imaging conditions. Based on an example acquired with dual-sensor towed streamers and simultaneous sources, we have developed a real data application of imaging the total up- and downgoing wavefields by reflectivity inversion. The total upgoing wavefield used in the imaging scheme is composed of the scattered energy from primaries and multiples. The primary reflected wavefield is generated by a direct downgoing source wavefield, which is mostly passing the acquisition surface at offsets smaller than the nearest data channel. Hence, the most relevant part of the direct wavefield is not measured in the studied example. From near-field pressure measurements, we predict the missing direct arrivals needed to image the primary reflected wavefield; we then synthesize the total downgoing wavefield by adding the downgoing scattered energy. By downward extrapolating the total up- and downgoing wavefields, a structural image is obtained by extracting the zero-spatial and temporal lags of the reflectivity matrix (computed by MDD of the decomposed wavefields). The obtained image is compared with the results computed from deconvolution imaging conditions. Furthermore, calculating the reflectivity matrix naturally allows for extracting the angle-dependent information of the subsurface.
Induced polarization response of porous media with metallic particles — Part 6: The case of metals and semimetals
Authors: Revil André , Mao Deqiang , Shao Zhenlu , Sleevi Michael F. , Wang Deming
Published: March 2017

We collected spectral induced polarization spectra with clean sand mixed with metallic particles (either silver, graphite, copper, steel, magnetite, or pyrite particles). The initial pore water conductivity was either 1500 or [Formula: see text] depending on the experiments (25°C, NaCl). For each of the 15 experiments, we used a narrow and unimodal grain size distribution for the metallic particles. The resulting polarization spectra display clear polarization peaks in the phase and can be fitted with a Cole-Cole complex conductivity model. In addition to this, the chargeability scales with the volume content of the metallic particles in a way that is consistent with the theory of disseminated metallic particles in a weakly polarizable background. Similarly, the phase scales with the content of the metallic particles in a predictable way. The Cole-Cole relaxation time shows a rough dependence with the mean particle size. The trend between these two parameters can be used to determine an apparent diffusion coefficient for the charge carriers responsible for the polarization. Finally, we conducted a laboratory sandbox experiment in which we put a copper plate in tap water-saturated sand. We use an approach based on self-potential tomography and compactness to invert the secondary source current density from the secondary voltages associated with time-domain induced polarization. With this approach, we localized the copper plate and determined a value for the relaxation time that is consistent with the laboratory core sample experiments.
Prestack correlative least-squares reverse time migration
Authors: Liu Xuejian , Liu Yike , Lu Huiyi , Hu Hao , Khan Majid
Published: March 2017

In the correlative least-squares reverse time migration (CLSRTM) scheme, a stacked image is updated using a gradient-based inversion algorithm. However, CLSRTM experiences the incoherent stacking of different shots during each iteration due to the use of an imperfect velocity, which leads to image smearing. To reduce the sensitivity to velocity errors, we have developed prestack correlative least-squares reverse time migration (PCLSRTM), in which a gradient descent algorithm using a newly defined initial image and an efficiently defined analytical step length is developed to separately seek the optimal image for each shot gather before the final stacking. Furthermore, a weighted objective function is also designed for PCLSRTM, so that the data-domain gradient can avoid a strong truncation effect. Numerical experiments on a three-layer model as well as a marine synthetic and a field data set reveal the merits of PCLSRTM. In the presence of velocity errors, PCLSRTM shows better convergence and provides higher quality images as compared with CLSRTM. With the newly defined initial image, PCLSRTM can effectively handle observed data with unbalanced amplitudes. By using a weighted objective function, PCLSRTM can provide an image with enhanced resolution and balanced amplitude while avoiding many imaging artifacts.
Landstreamer seismics and physical property measurements in the Siilinjärvi open-pit apatite (phosphate) mine, central Finland
Authors: Malehmir Alireza , Heinonen Suvi , Dehghannejad Mahdieh , Heino Pasi , Maries Georgiana , Karell Fredrik , Suikkanen Mikko , Salo Aleksi
Published: March 2017

We tested the applicability of a newly developed broadband (0–800 Hz) digital-based seismic landstreamer for open-pit mine planning in the apatite-bearing Siilinjärvi mine in central Finland. Four seismic profiles, in total approximately 2.5 km long (2–4 m source and landstreamer receiver spacing), two inside the pit and two on its margins, were acquired in combination with wireless recorders connected to 10 Hz geophones and fixed at every 10 m spacing along the seismic profiles while the streamer data were being acquired. Downhole logging and laboratory physical property measurements on core and rock samples were carried out to not only support the seismic interpretations but also to provide information about the possible geophysical signature of these unique types of deposits. In spite of a highly noisy mining environment, seismic data of high quality were acquired; however, reflection processing and interpretations were challenged by the geologic complexities of several generations of basic and carbonatite dikes. To complement the reflection data imaging and to account for the steep elevation changes and crookedness of some of the seismic profiles, 3D first-arrival traveltime tomography and 3D swath reflection imaging were also carried out. Clear refracted arrivals from the open-pit profiles suggest the possibility of low-velocity zones associated with either blasting or several shear zones intersecting the seismic profiles. In terms of reflectivity, reflections have a different appearance from short and flat to longer and steep ones. The downhole- and borehole logging data suggest that some of these reflections are associated with diabase dikes and some are likely from zones of weaknesses in the alkaline-carbonatite complex. We determine the potential of using seismic streamers for cost- and time-effective open-pit mine planning and encourage further testing in simpler geologic settings to be established.
Advancing Reliable Data for Cancer Control in the Central America Four Region
Authors: Piñeros Marion , Frech Silvina , Frazier Lindsay , Laversanne Mathieu , Barnoya Joaquin , Garrido Claudia , Gharzouzi Eduardo , Chacón Andrea , Fuentes Alabi Soad , Ruiz de Campos Lisseth , Figueroa Jacqueline , Dominguez Ricardo , Rojas Ofelia , Pereira Rosario , Rivera Carla , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: March 2017

The Central America Four (CA-4) region, comprising Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, is the largest low- and middle-income country region in the Western Hemisphere, with over 36 million inhabitants. The CA-4 nations share a common geography, history, language, and development indices, and unified with open borders in 2006. The growing CA-4 cancer burden among the noncommunicable diseases is expected to increase 73% by 2030, which argues for a regional approach to cancer control. This has driven efforts to establish population-based cancer registries as a central component of the cancer control plans. The involvement of international and academic partners in an array of initiatives to improve cancer information and control in the CA-4 has accelerated over the past several years. Existing data underscore that the infectious cancers (cervical, stomach, and liver) are a particular burden. All four countries have committed to establishing regional population-based cancer registries and have advanced significantly in pediatric cancer registration. The challenges common to each nation include the lack of national cancer control plans and departments, competing health priorities, lack of trained personnel, and sustainability strategies. General recommendations to address these challenges are outlined. The ongoing regional, international, and academic cooperation has proven helpful and is expected to continue to be a powerful instrument to contribute to the design and implementation of long-term national cancer control plans.
Studies on Pyrene and Perylene Derivatives upon Oxidation and Application to a Higher Analogue
Authors: Matsumoto Akinobu , Suzuki Mitsuharu , Hayashi Hironobu , Kuzuhara Daiki , Yuasa Junpei , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Aratani Naoki , Yamada Hiroko
Published: March 2017

The structure and electronic features of neutral and positively charged pyrene and perylene derivatives were explored. The radical cation of 1,3,6,8-tetraarylpyrene 1 was examined by ESR, UV–vis–NIR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The addition of 2 equiv of oxidant to 1 resulted in the formation of dication 12+. The single-crystal X-ray structure of 12+ proved that the aromatic part relocates from biphenyl unit to naphthyl unit upon 2e− oxidation of 1. We have also investigated the oxidation processes of 3,9-diarylperylene 2 and 3,10-diarylperylene 3. The radical cations of 2•+ and 3•+ showed ESR signals and the spin densities were proven to delocalize at 3,4,9,10-positions. In the case of doubly charged 3,9-diarylperylene, we could find the anthracene structure in the core, while the phenanthrene skeleton appeared in two-electron oxidized 3,10-diarylperylene. Finally we validated this phenomenon to apply for the higher analogue terrylene, discovering its large aromaticity relocation upon the 2e− oxidation.
Neuraxial opioids as analgesia in labour and postoperative after caesarean section and hysterectomy: A questionnaire survey in Sweden
Authors: Hein Anette , Gillis-Haegerstrand Caroline , Jakobsson Jan G.
Published: March 2017

Background: Neuraxial opioids improve labour analgesia and analgesia after caesarean section (CS) and hysterectomy. Undesirable side effects and difficulties in arranging postoperative monitoring might influence the use of these opioids. The aim of the present survey was to assess the use of intrathecal and epidural morphine in gynaecology and obstetrics in Sweden. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 47 anaesthesiologists at obstetric units in Sweden concerning the use and postoperative monitoring of morphine, sufentanil and fentanyl in spinal/epidural anaesthesia. Results: A total of 32 units responded representing 83% of annual CS in Sweden. In CS spinal anaesthesia, 20/32 units use intrathecal morphine, the most common dose of which was 100 μg (17/21). Intrathecal fentanyl (10-20 μg) was used by 21 units and sufentanil (2.5 -10 μg) by 9/32 of the responding units. In CS epidural anaesthesia, epidural fentanyl (50-100 μg) or sufentanil (5-25 μg) were commonly used (25/32), and 12/32 clinics used epidural morphine, the majority of units used a 2 mg dose. Intrathecal morphine for hysterectomy was used by 20/30 units, with 200 μg as the most common dose (9/32). Postoperative monitoring was organized in adherence to the National Guidelines; the patient is in postoperative care or an obstetrical ward over 2-6 hours and up-to 12 hours in an ordinary surgical ward. Risk of respiratory depression/difficult to monitor was a reason for not using intrathecal opioids. Conclusions: Neuraxial morphine is used widely in Sweden in CS and hysterectomy, but is still restricted in some units because of the concern for respiratory depression and difficulties in monitoring.
Introduction: 2016 Franz Edelman Award for Achievement in Operations Research and the Management Sciences
Authors: Milne R. John , Trick Michael
Published: March 2017

This special issue of Interfaces is devoted to the finalists of the 45th annual competition for the Franz Edelman Award for Achievement in Operations Research and the Management Sciences, the profession’s prestigious award for the practice of operations research and business analytics. As in previous years, the six finalists this year cover a wide range of industries and functions.
Term-time holidays: The evidence
Authors: Sullivan Karen
Published: March 2017

Taking students out of school for term-time breaks has become a controversial issue. However, Karen Sullivan argues that the practice is no bad thing, with evidence suggesting that it can help attainment
Implementation of a Family Planning Clinic–Based Partner Violence and Reproductive Coercion Intervention: Provider and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Miller Elizabeth , McCauley Heather L. , Decker Michele R. , Levenson Rebecca , Zelazny Sarah , Jones Kelley A. , Anderson Heather , Silverman Jay G.
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT

Despite multiple calls for clinic‐based services to identify and support women victimized by partner violence, screening remains uncommon in family planning clinics. Furthermore, traditional screening, based on disclosure of violence, may miss women who fear reporting their experiences. Strategies that are sensitive to the signs, symptoms and impact of trauma require exploration.

METHODS

In 2011, as part of a cluster randomized controlled trial, staff at 11 Pennsylvania family planning clinics were trained to offer a trauma‐informed intervention addressing intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion to all women seeking care, regardless of exposure to violence. The intervention sought to educate women about available resources and harm reduction strategies. In 2013, at the conclusion of the trial, 18 providers, five administrators and 49 patients completed semistructured interviews exploring acceptability of the intervention and barriers to implementation. Consensus and open coding strategies were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS

Providers reported that the intervention increased their confidence in discussing intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion. They noted that asking patients to share the educational information with other women facilitated the conversation. Barriers to implementation included lack of time and not having routine reminders to offer the intervention. Patients described how receiving the intervention gave them important information, made them feel supported and less isolated, and empowered them to help others.

CONCLUSIONS

A universal intervention may be acceptable to providers and patients. However, successful implementation in family planning settings may require attention to system‐level factors that providers view as barriers.
The art of growing leaders: Supporting identity and leadership development through arts-based selfexpression
Authors: Junkin Janelle , Kaimal Girija , Terry Julia , Smith Kris
Published: March 2017

This article presents findings from the evaluation of a year-long urban-school arts programme called the Art of Growing Leaders (AGL). The goals of AGL were to support youth engagement in schools, enhance resilience, improve self-awareness and interpersonal relationships, and support leadership development through selfexpression in visual arts, poetry and narratives. The evaluation study used a quasiexperimental research design measuring student perceptions at baseline, midpoint and end line. The results of the 30-week programme indicated that student perceptions changed most significantly in the ability to describe the artistic process and selfperceived skills in the arts. Qualitative and drawing-based data further indicated that students developed deeper awareness of self, and reported improved interactions with their peers and schools. The project and findings highlight the application of a visual arts programme to support psycho-social development in youth.
Improving the hospital experience with music
Authors: Raab Judith
Published: March 2017

This report examines twelve peer-reviewed articles that explore the intervention of music in the hospital environment. The articles vary in descriptions of how music is delivered to patients. However, the authors all assert value from offering this creative service to possibly reduce pain and provide comfort. The Sonke et al. study recommends guidelines for music performances on hospital floors to enrich the workplace for staff. Some research focuses more on standardization of reporting for the arts in medicine field, while Clift specifically writes about the increased interest in arts interventions with the need for evidence showing positive outcomes from this financially affordable programming. DeVelder emphasizes the importance of collaboration and scientific dialogue between the medical community and arts practitioners. Practice comparisons are reflected upon to achieve the most benefit for patients, their families, and hospital staff. All of the writers agree that music has the potential to improve the hospital experience. The conclusions of the authors represent that more research is warranted on music in facilities to raise acceptance and quality of outcomes from the arts in medicine.
The photographer archivist: Memory and landscape in the Anthropocene
Authors: Banerjee Srijita
Published: March 2017

Human civilization can now be considered to have crossed over to the Age of the Anthropocene, the current geological period when human activity has a great influence on the environment of the world and this has had severe implications on the environment. When André Bazin, French critic and film theorist writing between 1943 and 1958, penned his famous treatise on photography and cinema, the visual form was still in its formative years. However, in the present day the effects of the Anthropocene on geographic and topographic factors are creating different and newer discourses of memory in relation to the culture and society. Hence, it becomes essential to redefine the role of the photographer in these terms. This article looks at this role in the context of Sunderbans, a natural region of mangrove forest spanning southern Bangladesh and a small part of West Bengal in India, through the photography of Swastik Pal, an independent photographer and writer based in Calcutta.
short subject: Environmental issues in Nordic media
Authors: Kääpä Pietari
Published: March 2017

A recent material turn in media studies gestures towards a new type of media studies, one that considers the role of the media industries as massive utilizers of natural resources. These considerations range from the labour that cultivates resources to regulation that is designed to make the communication industries sustainable. Nordic media production is especially at a critical conjuncture due to the sustainability commitments of the respective governments. Yet little real environmental action or functional, applicable policies exist to curb or even understand the industry’s footprint.
Chasing ephemerality: Notes on doctoral mentoring and artistic collaboration
Authors: Hafeli Mary , Koo Sohee
Published: March 2017

In this article, we explore our experiences and shifting positions as doctoral mentor and mentee, co-mentors, and collaborators over the course of one semester. We use duography (Diamond and Mullen 1996) as an analytical approach to reveal the convergence of separate perspectives and voices as we examine both the evolution of dissertation research questions and a shared studio project – highlighting mentoring and collaborative practices that stretch, blur, and morph into one another. Writing together is a transparent way of discovering what we know or have learned, and of mentoring and being mentored within and about the writing process itself. Our account describes both the co-construction of research and the ways in which our collaborative research and studio practices changed, and changed us, over time.
The nest as metaphor: Reflections on mentoring, growth, and material culture
Authors: Hur Heesung , Ravisankar Ramya , Smith-Shank Deborah , Turk Rebecca Baygents
Published: March 2017

Dragons are natural hoarders of material culture; therefore, the authors appropriate their nest to articulate their conversations about community, mentoring and material culture. In a graduate-level course focused on material culture, bonds were created and developed, which continue to the present time. Sharing research ideas for feedback and supporting one another intellectually and emotionally have allowed the group to develop as a dynamic community of enquiry and led to group presentations at state, national and international venues. We use avatars to personalize and make our voices visible.
COMPLEX ANALYSIS AND DOCUMENTATION OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS USING NEW GEOMATICS METHODS
Authors: Faltýnová Martina , Raeva Paulina , Poloprutský Zdeněk , Matoušková Eva , Housarová Eliška
Published: March 2017

Documentation of a historical building is very important process preceding to every restoration or reconstruction work. It helps to preserve even minor information about objects shape, state, position and is often used for work advancement planning. Documentation is usually done using precise 3D model creation from which demanded cuts like ground plan are created.This papers shows how new geomatics methods can be used for 3D model creation and its placement in the area, that can be very interesting in terms of north-south position. As a case study two historical churches located in Czech Republic (towns of Holubice and Kralovice) has been used. Photogrammetry and laser scanning methods for 3D model creation are introduced.
Las Prácticas de Extensión de Educación Experiencial como oportunidad para integrar docencia y extensión
Authors: Rafaghelli Milagros
Published: March 2017

El propósito de este trabajo es ofrecer un conjunto de ideas que permitan reflexionar sobre los efectos de la participación en Prácticas de Extensión de Educación Experiencial (PEEE) de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Las ideas deben entenderse como hipótesis de trabajo, como provocación para introducirnuevas claves de lecturas y cernir el tema que nos convoca. Muchas de ellas surgieron en espacios en los que docentes y alumnos aportaron solidariamente sus experiencias. La pretensión es revisar supuestos y referencias conceptualese introducir otras orientaciones. Asimismo, se describen los componentes de la evaluación en las PEEE y se formulan algunos principios que deberían estar presentes en la construcción de propuestas evaluativas situadas en las prácticas.
Student nurses’ knowledge of guidelines for preventing central venous catheter-associated infections
Authors: Al Qadire Mohammad , Tawalbeh Loai , Suliman Mohammad
Published: March 2017

Background: Despite the advantages of Central venous catheters (CVC), patients are at high risk of infection (local and systematic) that could be lethal. Lack of knowledge of the available guidelines for the prevention of CVC-associated infection may increase the rate of CVC-associated infections.Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate student nurses’ knowledge of the guidelines for preventing CVC-associated infection.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used. This study involved 267 student nurses from four government universities. They were in their second-, third- or fourth-year of study.Results: Most of the students were female (72.3%) with a mean age of 21.2 (SD 2.5). The mean total score of students’ knowledge was very low at 1.6 (SD 1.5) out of 10, the maximum score, and ranged from 0 to 7. Students who reported having received adequate theoretical and clinical education about CVC had higher mean total knowledge scores than those who had not.Conclusions: The results showed that Jordanian student nurses have insufficient knowledge about the prevention of CVC-associated infection. In order to improve their knowledge, an evidence-based teaching approach is required in the theoretical classes. This should be combined with the best clinical training through the use of simulation techniques.
Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL) isolated from herbal preparations
Authors: Omoruyi Iyekhoetin Matthew , Ogunsakin Ayomikun
Published: March 2017

Herbal preparations are unsuspected sources of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms, including those showing high resistance to antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the presence of bacteria belonging to the enterobacteriaceae family in herbal preparation and for the presence of the Î²-lactamase enzyme by established methods. The mean coliform and enterobacteriaceae counts ranged from 2.3 x 103 to 1.1 x 106 cfu/ml and 2.3 x 103 to 6.5 x 104 cfu/ml respectively. The organisms were further identified to belong to the genus Escherichia, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Serratia. The antibiogramic activity shows that the bacterial isolates were mostly resistant to caftazidime, augmentin and cefuroxime. Only one of the Klebsiella specie further elicited extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) activity against the cephalosporin antibiotics. There is therefore, increased need for microbiological and toxicological examination of herbal medicine to prevent outbreak of diseases.
Experiences of registered nurses on communication with Deaf patients at Katutura state hospital, Namibia
Authors: Lunza Simasiku , Nghitanwa Emma Maano
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of registered nurses on communication with Deaf patients. Data was collected using an interview guide. Random sampling technique was employed. Data was transcribed and keywords were identified representing the major categories. Data was analysed using a systematic process in order to deduce themes and sub-themes. During data analysis similar ideas or keywords were coded and similar topics were grouped together into categories. The study concluded that registered nurses lack sign language skills hence their communication with Deaf patients is also challenged. It is recommended that registered nurses needs to be provided with the training in sign language at educational institutions and provision of in-service training on sign language should made available for all health care workers. The study also recommends that Deaf people should be trained in sign languages for effective communication when seeking health care.
Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol Mimosa himalayana extract
Authors: Hossain Md. , Bashar Md. , Ibrahim Mohammed , Islam Muhammad
Published: March 2017

The aim of the study was to evaluate antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanol extract of Mimosa himalayana Gamble (Fabaceae) along with a preliminary phytochemical screening. The antipyretic and analgesic effects were tested in Swiss mice, while anti-inflammatory in egg albumin, taking paracetamol, diclofenac sodium and acetyl salicylic acid as standards, respectively. The results suggest that, the crude stem extract of M. himalayana revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins and gums. It exhibited antipyretic and analgesic activity at 200 and 400 mg/kg, while anti-inflammatory at 40, 80 and 160 µg/mL in the test systems. The activities were significant (p <0.05) in comparison to the negative control group with a high dose/concentration-mediated higher response manner. We suppose the alkaloids and glycosides may contribute its anti-inflammatory potential, which may link to the antipyretic and analgesic effects of the M. himalayana. In conclusion, M. himalayana may be one of the best sources of plant-based medicines, especially anti-inflammatory agents.
Investigation of university students’ adaptation level to the university according to situation of doing sports
Üniversite öğrencilerinin spor yapma durumlarına göre üniversiteye uyum düzeylerinin incelenmesi
Authors: Baba Kaya Hande , Kaçay Zülbiye
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a difference according to doing sports at a level of university adaptation. A total of 230 participants (1st year students; 108 female/122male), studying at Sakarya University in the 2015-2016 academic year, at a faculty of sports science, education, engineering, economics and administrative sciences, participated to the research. In order to determine university adaptation level of the students, The Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire by Baker and Siryk (1999) was used. The adaptation questionnaire consists of four sub-dimensions. These; Social, academic, personal-sensory and institutional adaptation. The personal information form prepared by the researchers was used to determine the demographic information of the students. According to the results of the statistical data, it is seen that the students who play sports are more difficult in their general adaptations to the university and in the social and academic adaptation sub-dimensions than those who do not. For institutional adjustment and sensory adjustment sub-dimensions, there was no significant difference between athletes and non-athletes. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı; üniversiteye uyum sağlama düzeyinde öğrencilerin spor yapıp yapmama durumlarına göre farklılık olup olmadığını incelemektir. Çalışma Sakarya üniversitesinde 2015-2016 öğretim yılında spor bilimleri fakültesi, eğitim fakültesi, mühendislik fakültesi, iktisadi idari bilimler ve fen edebiyat fakültesinin üniversite 1.sınıf öğrencilerinden 108 kadın 122 erkek olmak üzere toplam 230 öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyum düzeylerini belirlemek için Baker ve Siryk 1999 yılında düzenlediği öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyum anketi kullanılmıştır. Uyum anketi dört alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Bunlar; sosyal uyum, akademik uyum, kişisel-duysal uyum ve kurumsal uyumdan oluşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin demografik bilgilerini belirlemek için araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel verilerin sonucuna göre spor yapan öğrencilerin hem üniversiteye genel uyumlarında hem de sosyal ve akademik uyum alt boyutlarında spor yapmayanlara göre daha çok zorlandıkları görülmüştür. Kurumsal uyum ve duysal uyum alt boyutları için ise spor yapan ve yapmayan öğrenciler arasında anlamlı bir fark görülmemiştir.
Reading an augmented reality book: An exploration of learners’ cognitive load, motivation, and attitudes
Authors: Cheng Kun-Hung
Published: March 2017

Since augmented reality (AR) has been increasingly applied in education recently, the investigation of students’ learning experiences with AR could be helpful for educators to implement AR learning. With a quantitative survey using three questionnaires, this study explored the relationships among 153 students’ perceived cognitive load, motivation, and attitudes of perceived control, perceived usefulness, behaviour of learning, and behaviour of AR learning, when they engaged in an AR book reading activity. The results indicated that, in general, the students perceived less cognitive load, stronger motivation, and more positive attitudes towards the experiences when reading an AR book. However, dissimilar to past studies, the perceptions of low level cognitive load cannot be guaranteed to lead to positive intentions to learn. Interestingly, motivation mediated the relationships between the students’ perceived cognitive load and behavioural intention to learn. Only when the students’ perceptions of motivational factors such as attention or confidence were significant did the perceived usefulness and cognitive load play a role in their behavioural intentions to take part in future AR learning. The findings of this study may provide insights for future AR-related studies to explore the role of cognitive load in learning performance with consideration of motivational factors.
Blended learning and team teaching: Adapting pedagogy in response to the changing digital tertiary environment
Authors: Crawford Renee , Jenkins Louise
Published: March 2017

Increased accessibility of advanced technology, the targeted use of online learning platforms, student flexible learning expectations and the pressures of faculty budget constraints and priorities have called into question the effectiveness of traditional tertiary teaching and learning models. The tertiary education context must evolve at a pace consistent with the growing expectations and requirements of an innovative society. A teacher-led research project was devised to navigate through some of the complexities and implications associated with necessary pedagogical change in response to the transitioning digital tertiary environment. The development and implementation of blended learning and team teaching strategies were introduced into the pedagogy of a tertiary pre-service teacher education methods class. This paper reports on three sequential years of findings, which will explore student understandings of blended learning and team teaching and the overall impact they had on their learning in this context.
Tertiary students’ understandings and practices of informal learning: A New Zealand case study
Authors: Lai Kwok-Wing , Smith Lee Ann
Published: March 2017

In 2013, we undertook research in a New Zealand University to gain insights into students’ understandings of informal learning, its connection to formal learning and how they engaged in informal learning using digital and mobile technologies. A total of 765 students (postgraduate, undergraduate and first-year students) completed a questionnaire. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 30 of these students. A total of 90% of the questionnaire participants undertook informal learning to support their formal learning or for their personal development. The undergraduate and first-year interview participants reported that they primarily engaged in informal learning to support their formal coursework. However, the postgraduate participants made arbitrary links between their informal learning and formal learning. The three groups of participants used the same digital technologies to engage in informal learning, including laptops, desktop computers and mobile phones, while the dominant means of conducting informal learning was accessing the Internet and using online tools such as Google and Wikipedia. Fewer students used social networking sites (such as Facebook or Twitter) or mobile digital technologies (such as iPads and tablets) for informal learning.
Editorial
Authors: Hedberg John
Published: March 2017

The EdTech '88 conference has just been held in Canberra and this issue publishes the remarks made by Garth Boomer, Associate Director-General of Education (Curriculum) in South Australia, who both opened the conference and provided the summation. In raising some implications for ASET, he throws out some exciting challenges, to ensure that we as "Edtech" professionals link with other likeminded organisations and focus upon developing national policies for the use of technologies in education. Some other papers which were not included in the proceedings are also included in this issue. In addition to the papers from the conference, this issue also includes two papers from recent visitors to Australia from the United States.
Properties of the filtrate from treatment of pig manure by filtration method
Authors: Makara Agnieszka , Kowalski Zygmunt , Saeid Agnieszka
Published: March 2017

This paper presents properties of filtrate obtained from pig manure using the AMAK treatment process, which includes the mineralization of macro- and microfertilizer components by the hydrolyzing of organic matter into forms that are bioavailable to plants. Filtration produced two products, sediment and filtrate. The quality of the filtrate allowed for its use as a substitute of water to irrigate crops. Concentrations of heavy metals are very low and therefore the quality of the filtrate fully complies with European standard concerning fertilizers. The used mineralization process practically eliminated odors from the filtrate. The reduction of specific odor emission by 99.1-99.5% in samples taken from above the filtrate, respectively compared to the odor concentration found in samples taken from above raw pig manure. Sediment could be used as raw material for production of mineral-organic fertilizer. Filtrate and filtration sediments analyses show that the majority of nitrogen and other fertilizing compounds included in raw pig manure remains in sediment.
All Voters are Equal but...
Authors: Bodnár Eszter
Published: March 2017

Equal suffrage is a basic principle of democratic elections which is included in most constitutions and international human rights documents. It applies to the design of the boundaries of the political community, electoral system and electoral procedure. However, there are special cases where the effectiveness of this principle is questionable. This paper deals with two different aspects of the Hungarian regulation concerning the voting rights of Hungarian citizens living abroad. The paper gives an overview of the regulation and presents the recent constitutional disputes and relevant case law of Hungarian and European fundamental rights protection mechanisms. Finally, it opens the debate by posing some key questions on the future of the Hungarian situation and more generally, on the level of protection of voting rights before the national and international institutions.
Aptamers as Valuable Molecular Tools in Neurosciences
Authors: Wolter Olga , Mayer Günter
Published: March 2017

Aptamers are short nucleic acids that interact with a variety of targets with high affinity and specificity. They have been shown to inhibit biological functions of cognate target proteins, and they are identifiable by anin vitroselection process, also termed SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment). Being nucleic acids, aptamers can be synthesized chemically or enzymatically. The latter renders RNA aptamers compatible with the cell's own transcription machinery and, thus, expressable inside cells. The synthesis of aptamers by chemical approaches opens up the possibility of producing aptamers on a large scale and enables a straightforward access to introduce modifications in a site-specific manner (e.g., fluorophores or photo-labile groups). These characteristics make aptamers broadly applicable (e.g., as an analytical, diagnostic, or separation tool). In thisTechSight, we provide a brief overview on aptamer technology and the potential of aptamers as valuable research tools in neurosciences.
Whole-Brain Neural Dynamics of Probabilistic Reward Prediction
Authors: Bach Dominik R. , Symmonds Mkael , Barnes Gareth , Dolan Raymond J.
Published: March 2017

Predicting future reward is paramount to performing an optimal action. Although a number of brain areas are known to encode such predictions, a detailed account of how the associated representations evolve over time is lacking. Here, we address this question using human magnetoencephalography (MEG) and multivariate analyses of instantaneous activity in reconstructed sources. We overtrained participants on a simple instrumental reward learning task where geometric cues predicted a distribution of possible rewards, from which a sample was revealed 2000 ms later. We show that predicted mean reward (i.e., expected value), and predicted reward variability (i.e., economic risk), are encoded distinctly. Early on, representations of mean reward are seen in parietal and visual areas, and later in frontal regions with orbitofrontal cortex emerging last. Strikingly, an encoding of reward variability emerges simultaneously in parietal/sensory and frontal sources and later than mean reward encoding. An orbitofrontal variability encoding emerged around the same time as that seen for mean reward. Crucially, cross-prediction showed that mean reward and variability representations are distinct and also revealed that instantaneous representations become more stable over time. Across sources, the best fitting metric for variability signals was coefficient of variation (rather than SD or variance), but distinct best metrics were seen for individual brain regions. Our data demonstrate how a dynamic encoding of probabilistic reward prediction unfolds in the brain both in time and space.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPredicting future reward is paramount to optimal behavior. To gain insight into the underlying neural computations, we investigate how reward representations in the brain arise over time. Using magnetoencephalography, we show that a representation of predicted mean reward emerges early in parietal/sensory regions and later in frontal cortex. In contrast, predicted reward variability representations appear in most regions at the same time, and slightly later than for mean reward. For both features, representations dynamically change >1000 ms before stabilizing. The best metric for encoding variability is coefficient of variation, with heterogeneity in this encoding seen between brain areas. The results provide novel insights into the emergence of predictive reward representations.
BAF53b, a Neuron-Specific Nucleosome Remodeling Factor, Is Induced after Learning and Facilitates Long-Term Memory Consolidation
Authors: Yoo Miran , Choi Kwang-Yeon , Kim Jieun , Kim Mujun , Shim Jaehoon , Choi Jun-Hyeok , Cho Hye-Yeon , Oh Jung-Pyo , Kim Hyung-Su , Kaang Bong-Kiun , Han Jin-Hee
Published: March 2017

Although epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation have recently been implicated in memory consolidation and persistence, the role of nucleosome-remodeling is largely unexplored. Recent studies show that the functional loss of BAF53b, a postmitotic neuron-specific subunit of the BAF nucleosome-remodeling complex, results in the deficit of consolidation of hippocampus-dependent memory and cocaine-associated memory in the rodent brain. However, it is unclear whether BAF53b expression is regulated during memory formation and how BAF53b regulates fear memory in the amygdala, a key brain site for fear memory encoding and storage. To address these questions, we used viral vector approaches to either decrease or increase BAF53b function specifically in the lateral amygdala of adult mice in auditory fear conditioning paradigm. Knockdown ofBaf53bbefore training disrupted long-term memory formation with no effect on short-term memory, basal synaptic transmission, and spine structures. We observed in our qPCR analysis that BAF53b was induced in the lateral amygdala neurons at the late consolidation phase after fear conditioning. Moreover, transient BAF53b overexpression led to persistently enhanced memory formation, which was accompanied by increase in thin-type spine density. Together, our results provide the evidence that BAF53b is induced after learning, and show that such increase of BAF53b level facilitates memory consolidation likely by regulating learning-related spine structural plasticity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRecent works in the rodent brain begin to link nucleosome remodeling-dependent epigenetic mechanism to memory consolidation. Here we show that BAF53b, an epigenetic factor involved in nucleosome remodeling, is induced in the lateral amygdala neurons at the late phase of consolidation after fear conditioning. Using specific gene knockdown or overexpression approaches, we identify the critical role of BAF53b in the lateral amygdala neurons for memory consolidation during long-term memory formation. Our results thus provide an idea about how nucleosome remodeling can be regulated during long-term memory formation and contributes to the permanent storage of associative fear memory in the lateral amygdala, which is relevant to fear and anxiety-related mental disorders.