bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting the probability of death within five years after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhou Huabin , Liu Yulan , Wang ZhongChang , Li Min , Zheng Chao
Published: March 2023

Background: This research aims to investigate the factors associated with mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients within five years after surgery and to develop nomograms to predict the probability of death within five years after surgery.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with CRC eligible for this retrospective cohort study between 2010 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. They were randomly divided intothe training set and the validation set. Random forest method and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with death within five years (survival time ≤ 60 months). Nomograms were developed to estimate the probability of cancer-specific death (CSD) and overall death (OD) in 5 years. The concordance index (C-Index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the calibration plot were utilized to evaluate the nomograms' discrimination and calibration capabilities. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical value of the nomograms.
Results: A total of 26459 eligible CRC patients were enrolled in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, histology, T stage, N stage, M stage, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were associated with death in CRC patients. The C-index of the nomogram for predicting CDS was 0.824 (0.818-0.829), and the C-index for predicting OD was 0.807 (0.801-0.814). The ROC curve demonstrated that the nomograms had a high capacity for discrimination. The calibration curve revealed that the predicted curve was exceptionally near the reference line, showing that the nomogram's calibration capacity was excellent. DCA demonstrated a net clinical advantage over TNM staging.
Conclusion: The nomograms can be used to predict the probability of death within five years after surgery for stage I-IV CRC. It is helpful for clinicians to identify high-risk populations, evaluate the prognosis of CRC patients, and customize targeted treatment plans for patients.
Metal oxide stabilized zirconia modified bio-derived carbon nanosheets as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Abo-Zeid Menna , El-Moghny Muhammad Abd , Shawkey Heba , Daher Ahmed , Abdelkader Amr , El-Deab Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Zirconia is a promising candidate for many applications, especially when stabilized with metal oxide nanoparticles such as yttria and ceria. Zirconium oxide-based materials supported on carbon nanomaterials have shown excellent performance electrocatalysts due to their outstanding catalytic activities and high stability. In this work, a one-pot hydrothermal method was used to prepare porous stabilized zirconia nanoparticles with yttria and ceria (YSZ and CSZ) anchored on carbon nanosheets derived from molasses fiber waste as a sustainable source and annealing at various temperatures (MCNSs). The prepared composites YSZ/MCNSs and CSZ/MCNSs exhibit superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in alkaline medium. Various physicochemical analysis techniques such as SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, XRD and XPS are employed to characterize the designed catalysts. The results showed that the doping of molasses fibers exfoliated into 2D nanosheets controlled the growth of the YSZ particles into the nanosize and increased their crystallinity. This improves the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and stability, and modulates the electronic structure of zirconium, yttrium and cerium which facilitate the adsorption of OH- ions, and all contribute to the higher catalytic activity.
EXAM: Ex vivo allograft monitoring dashboard for the analysis of hypothermic machine perfusion data in deceased-donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Schwab Simon , Steck Hélène , Binet Isabelle , Elmer Andreas , Ender Wolfgang , Franscini Nicola , Haidar Fadi , Kuhn Christian , Sidler Daniel , Storni Federico , Krügel Nathalie , Immer Franz
Published: March 2023

Background: Deceased-donor kidney allografts are exposed to injury during ex vivo transport due to the lack of blood oxygen supply. Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) is effective in reducing the risk of delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients compared to standard cold storage. However, there is no software implementation available to read, process and analyse HMP data for state-of-the-art visualization and quality control in an analytics dashboard.
Results: We implemented the tool EXAM (ex vivo allograft monitoring) which includes an interactive analytics dashboard. The backbone is a collection of functions in the R programming language to read, process and analyse HMP data from the LifePort kidney transporter (Organ Recovery Systems, USA). Time series for pressure, flow rate, organ resistance and temperature are visualized and relevant statistical indicators have been developed. We highlight a few showcases for data analysis and quality control.
Conclusions: Allograft monitoring during transport and retrospective HMP data analysis are essential for quality control and novel research. EXAM is freely available software written in the R programming language that can be easily deployed by statisticians and data scientists to enable quality control at transplant organizations that use LifePort kidney transporters. The open development enables collaboration to further extend EXAM, e.g. integrating data from other kidney transporters or even form other organs into a unified state-of-the-art monitoring tool.
Using Sorghum Stalk as a Partial Replacement of Lime in the Stabilization of Red Clay Soil for Road Sub-Grade Construction
Authors: Kimarai Joel
Published: March 2023

This research aimed at testing the viability of using Sorghum Stalk Ash (SSA) as a partial replacement of lime in the stabilization of red clay soils for road subgrade construction. Red clay soils have been identified as highly expansive soils, which are affected by both climatic conditions and loading patterns. The consideration of both traffic loading patterns and climatic effects on these soils has been taken into account. A penetration test of 2.5mm has been used on both pure red soils and stabilized soils at 10% and 15% partial replacement of lime with SSA and showed an improvement in the CBR of stabilized red clay soils up to 11.6%. Again, the PI of stabilized soils at 15% partial replacement of lime reduced up to 11.2%. The results obtained on both CBR and PI of these red clay soils are within the recommended values for the effective subgrade required for laying both permanent and flexible pavements. As a result, a recommendation of making use of SSA to lower the quantities of lime and its costs used in the stabilization of highly expansive soils have been tested through this research. However, further research on a more percentage partial replacement of lime to improve the PI of these soils to below 10% while keeping the CBR levels within the road construction regulations is welcomed. Therefore, the use of sorghum stalk plant parts in this study complies with international, national, and institutional guidelines regarding the properties of an effective pozzolana material.
Improving Real-Time Small Objects Detection by Fusion Features of Spatial Coordinates
Authors: Yu Qianjiang , Huang Tongyuan , Zhang Weifeng , Xu Jia , He Yunze
Published: March 2023

The small-object detection challenge has long limited the advanced development of deep learning-based detection models. The downsampling of visual models leads to a severe loss of spatial information of small objects causing a great increase in the difficulty of models to capture the location of small ones. Inspired by the logic of human visual perception behavior, we found that the main limitation of small object detection is the position regression rather than category differentiation. Therefore, we first introduce coordinate features to perform multi-scale spatial information perception and element-level width and height independent coordinate encoding of image features in anticipation of easing the difficulty of small-object detection by convolutional neural network models. Secondly, we design a lightweight one-stage detector for the real-time small-object detection task based on the coordinate feature scheme and dense prediction architecture, and different lightweight cross-stage locally connected fusion attention methods are also proposed for feature maps of different scales suitable for use, including GSCSP-S and GSCSP-A. Finally, we take only 7 million parameters in VisDrone2019 UAV detection benchmark task accomplishes a test performance of 32.3% mAP, which provides a superior accuracy-speed tradeoff compared to current state-of-the-art one-stage real-time detectors of the same size.
Optimal Multi-Objective Operation of Energy System with Multi-Carrier by Taking Energy Buffering into Account
Authors: Zaferani Mohammad mehdi Mohammadi , Ebrahimi Reza , Ghanbari Mahmood
Published: March 2023

Energy systems with multi-carrier are given as a significant solution for the future energy system by proposing integrated energy system framework to achieve sustainability. In this context, an energy hub (EH) issue has been taken into account in researching integrated energy systems. Besides, the energy storage system has a significant role in this energy system type to increase the renewable generation share and its penetration. This paper dedicates to suggest a method for the energy hub system short-term planning in consideration of the energy buffering cost and a comprehensive energy hub system. This energy hub is linked to the upstream energy networks and supplies the local demands for gas, heat, and electricity using various technologies and access to several energy carriers. The proposed problem considers various factors such as energy and economic factors. The suggested energy hub is offered as a prosumer, and both inside and outside energy flow of the energy hub would be considered as the proposed problem variables in a day-ahead energy market. Improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) is applied to find solution of the proposed multi objective optimization problem. The implementation of the IPSO algorithm is evaluated with the conventional heuristic optimization algorithm, and the capabilities of the proposed problem is investigated by using the introduced model on a test system.
Application of the Composite Quality Score (CQS-2B) in systematic reviews of prospective, controlled, clinical therapy trials – an exploratory study (Preprint)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Rupf Stefan ,   Veerasamy Yengopal4
Published: March 2023

Objectives
To explore whether systematic review conclusions originally based on Cochrane’s second version of its Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2) do not differ when the CQS-2B is used for trial appraisal instead and to use the findings to develop a testable hypothesis.
Methods
PubMed was searched for one systematic review. From the review’s accepted trials, data concerning effect estimates and overall bias risk according to the RoB 2 tool were extracted. All trial reports were re-appraised using the CQS-2B. Datasets were stratified by overall bias risk (RoB 2) and per corroboration (C-) level (CQS-2B). All effect estimates from ‘low bias risk’ trials (RoB 2) and from trials with highest C-level with data (CQS-2B) were separately pooled. Both pooled effect estimates were statistically compared. All clinical conclusions based on the pooled ‘low bias risk’ estimates (RoB 2) and the highest C-level (CQS-2B) were qualitatively compared.
Results
The pooled effect estimates for trials with ‘low bias risk’ (RoB 2) were − 0.07, 95% CI: − 0.10 to − 0.04 (I2 = 0.0%) and for the highest C-levels (CQS-2B) 0.08, 95% CI: − 0.12 to − 0.04 (I2 = 57.0%). The difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.70). Contrary to the RoB 2 tool, no clinical conclusions in line with the CQS-2B were made, because the effect estimates were judged to be erroneously overestimated, due to high risk of bias.
Conclusion
The testable hypothesis was generated that trial appraisal using the CQS-2B provides more conservative conclusions based on similar data than trial appraisal using Cochrane’s RoB 2 tool.
Numerical comparison and efficiency analysis of three vertical axis turbine of H-Darrieus type
Authors: Guevara-Munoz Angie , Hincapie-Zuluaga Diego , Sierra-Del Rio Jorge , Rodriguez-Cabal Miguel Angel , Torres-Lopez Edwar
Published: March 2023

Hydropower is an important source of energy in Latin America. Many countries in the region, including Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Chile, rely heavily on hydropower plants to meet their energy needs. However, there are also challenges related to the use of hydropower in the region, such as the construction of dams that can have negative impacts on ecosystems and local communities. A new alternative is the production of energy through hydrokinetic turbines because they are a clean and renewable energy source that does not emit greenhouse gases. In addition, its production is predictable and can be generated in a variety of environments, from coasts to rivers and canals. Within the hydrokinetic turbines are the H-Darrieus turbines although they are still under development, they are seen as an important opportunity to diversify the energy matrix and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The main purpose of this study is to determine and compare the efficiency of three Darrieus H-type vertical axis hydrokinetic turbines numerically. The turbines were configured with different solidities. The NACA 0018 profile was used for the turbine design. The study was carried out using the ANSYS® Fluent 2022R2 software, two-dimensional (2D) simulations set up constant operating conditions. Rotation speed variations have been set between 21 and 74 RPM with 10 rpm increments. Furthermore, the General Richardson extrapolation method is used for the analysis of mesh convergence, monitoring the turbine power coefficient as a convergence parameter. The numerical results show that the turbine H-Darrieus with a solidity of 1.0, a wider operating range, and lower power and torque coefficient. At low TRS, the largest solidity provided the best efficiency and the greatest self-starting capability, but it also had the smallest operating range
Experimental and industrial method of synthesis of optimal control of the temperature region of cupola melting
Authors: Demin Dmitriy
Published: March 2023

The object of research is the temperature regime of melting in a cupola. The synthesis of optimal control of such an object is associated with the presence of a problem consisting in the complexity of its mathematical description and the absence of procedures that allow one to obtain optimal control laws. These problems are due to the presence of links with a pure delay, non-additive random drift, and difficulties in controlling the process parameters, in particular, accurately determining the temperature profile along the horizons and the periphery of the working space of the cupola. The proposed conceptual solution for the synthesis of optimal temperature control allows the use of two levels of control: the level controller solves the problem of maintaining the constant height of the idle charge, and the problem of increasing the temperature of cast iron is solved by controlling the air supply to the tuyere box. It is shown that the problem of regulating the upper level of an idle charge can be solved by reducing the model of the regulation process to a typical form, followed by the use of the Pontryagin maximum principle. A procedure for the synthesis of optimal air flow control is proposed, which makes it possible to obtain the temperature regime control law on the basis of experimental industrial studies preceding the synthesis process. This takes into account the time delay between the impact on the object and its reaction, which makes it possible to predict the temperature value one step acharge, equal to the time interval during which the lower surface of the fuel charge reaches the upper surface of the level of the idle charge. A procedure for temperature profile control based on the use of D-optimal plans for selecting sensor installation points is proposed. Due to this, it becomes possible to determine the temperature profile of the cupola according to its horizons and the periphery of the working space of the cupola with maximum accuracy. The proposed synthesis method can be used in iron foundries equipped with cupolas, as it is a tool for studying a real production process, taking into account its specific conditions. This will allow developing or improving control systems for cupola melting, implementing different control modes: manual, automated or automatic
Critical stress evaluation of rigid pavement due to the presence of water in expansive soil subgrade
Authors: Wibowo Wibowo , Setyawan Ary , Purwana Yusep Muslih , Setiawan Bambang
Published: March 2023

The use of various types of rigid pavement is widespread because of its superiority in resisting heavy load vehicles. However, traffic loading complexity and subgrade response cause uncertainty during the design process. The presence of water in expansive soil issue swelling affected the flexural behavior of a rigid pavement slab. Rigid pavement relies heavily on the support and stability of the subgrade. Plain concrete is very weak in resisting tensile stresses so that the failure of rigid pavement slab structures often occurs in the expansive subgrade zone. Therefore, this study aims to numerically analyze the relationship between variations in the thickness of rigid pavement slabs on the flexural behavior parameters, such as critical and tensile stresses that affected water in expansive soil. The concrete’s performance limit was determined, using its material’s constitutive equation curve, and the data were analyzed using the finite element method. The results showed that the presence of water in expansive soil caused a change in soil volume (swelling), a reduction in soil bearing capacity (shrinking), and consequently, a rigid pavement cracked due to water variations in the subgrade. Generally, increasing the thickness of rigid pavement is a common method for mitigating the detrimental effects of expansive soil swelling. It is possible to provide reinforcement in other forms, which provide an opportunity to improve the performance of the concrete slab as a rigid pavement. For example, stabilization of expansive soil with materials capable of reducing its expansive power can be done but it requires large resources to realize it. Another method is to provide reinforcement to the rigid pavement slab structure, so that the rigid pavement slab is able to withstand traffic loads and also the expansion and shrinkage behavior of the expansive soil
Investigation of the formation of microstructure and strength characteristics of slag-alkaline arbolite
Authors: Isakulov Baizak , Abdullaev Hamit , Mukasheva Almagul , Akishev Uzakbai , Ordabayeva Gulsaira
Published: March 2023

The creation of the slag-alkaline arbolite's structure is examined in this study, which is based on measurements of the deformation of the mortar component, contact zone, and filler. Composites made of slag and alkaline arbolite are among the lightest building materials available, with excellent sound insulation and low thermal conductivity. Standard measuring equipment and procedures for analyzing the chemical and physico-mechanical properties of slag-alkaline arbolite composites were employed during the experimental tests. All of the test samples were light concrete prisms with a cross section of 150x150 mm and a length of 600 mm. For comparison, one portion of the samples was constructed of slag-alkaline Portland cement, and the other portion was made of slag-alkaline binder with crushed cotton stem fibers as an organic component. The durability and deformability of arbolite were tested under Kazakhstan weather conditions and in standard hardening chambers. The arbolite underwent a compression stress that ranged from (0.3 to 0.75) Rbn of prismatic strength. It was discovered that the organic cellulose filler added to the slag-alkaline binder based on crushed cotton stalk fiber, which makes up to 70 % of the volume, has a major impact on the way structures are formed. The system becomes rigid, the elasticity changes, and the acoustic properties in this case will fix both physical and physico-chemical processes when a porous organic filler is added. The acquired results can be applied to the creation of efficient wall materials for civil buildings, including seismic zones
Vergasovaite to cupromolybdite topotactic transformation with crystal shape preservation
Authors: Nazarchuk Evgeni V. , Siidra Oleg I. , Charkin Dmitri O. , Nikolaevich Gleb V. , Borisov Artem S. , Ugolkov Valery L.
Published: March 2023

Thermal behavior of vergasovaite, ideally Cu3O(SO4)(MoO4), and its synthetic analog has been studied by high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the temperature range of 300–1100 K. According to EMPA results, the empirical formulas are (Cu2.36Zn0.61)Σ2.97O[(Mo0.91S0.08V0.04)Σ1.03O4](SO4) for vergasovaite and Cu2.97O[(Mo0.92S0.09)Σ1.01O4](SO4) for its synthetic analog. The mineral is stable up to 950 ± 15 K; at 975 K, the unit-cell parameters and volume increase abruptly due to topotactic transformation of vergasovaite to cupromolybdite, Cu3O(MoO4)2. The transformation is accompanied by loss of sulfur (and excess copper) without destruction of the crystal. The thermal expansion of the vergasovaite structure is strongly anisotropic, being minimal along the [O2Cu6]8+ chains comprised of vertex-sharing OCu4 tetrahedra. This peculiar thermal behavior can be explained by the anisotropy of bond-length evolution in the Cu1O6 and Cu3O6 octahedra and the flexibility of the S-O-Cu and Mo-O-Cu bond angles. Synthetic Zn- and V-free analogs demonstrate negative thermal expansion at 425–625 K and melt at as low temperature as 700 K with no indication of transformation or recrystallization at least below 1200 K.

The topotactic transformation observed in vergasovaite may have important implications for the design of novel materials and for understanding the alteration processes of copper minerals.
Simulated diagenesis of the iron-silica precipitates in banded iron formations
Authors: Hinz Isaac L. , Rossi Leanne , Ma Chi , Johnson Jena E.
Published: March 2023

Banded iron formations (BIF) are chemically precipitated sediments that can record Archean ocean geochemistry. BIFs are laminated silica- and iron-rich deposits that host a range of iron(II, III) minerals, including hematite, magnetite, siderite, greenalite, minnesotaite, and stilpnomelane. This diverse mineralogical assemblage reflects secondary mineralization reactions due to diagenesis and/or post-depositional alteration. While petrographic observations of BIFs sparingly contain the iron silicate greenalite, recent evidence of greenalite nanoparticles preserved in early-mineralizing BIF chert suggest this mineral was a primary phase in BIF progenitor sediments. Therefore, it is critical to investigate the formation and alteration of greenalite to constrain the Archean ocean environment and help unravel post-depositional processes. To examine how iron silicates precipitate and then crystallize and/or transform during diagenesis, we simulated these two processes under Archean ocean conditions. We first precipitated a poorly ordered Fe-rich serpentine with subsidiary ferrihydrite at neutral pH by performing in situ Fe(II) oxidation experiments at 25 °C in the presence of silica. Subjected to simulated diagenesis at 80 °C, the rudimentary Fe-phyllosilicate transformed into a crystalline phyllosilicate characterized as 30% cronstedtite and 70% greenalite accompanied by magnetite and persistent ferrihydrite. At temperatures ≤150 °C, we continued to observe ferrihydrite, increased magnetite formation, and elevated incorporation of Mg into the phyllosilicate as it further recrystallized into Mg-greenalite. Our findings demonstrate a possible formation mechanism of early silicates through partial Fe(II) oxidation and support petrographic observations that magnetite likely mineralizes during diagenesis. Additionally, we suggest that Mg contents in BIF iron phyllosilicates could serve as a tracer for diagenesis, with Mg signaling phyllosilicate-fluid interactions at elevated temperatures. Ultimately, our experiments help reveal how initial iron-silica coprecipitates are altered during diagenesis, providing novel insights into the interpretation of greenalite and magnetite in ancient BIF assemblages.
Featured Properties of the Adsorption of Tebuconazole on Ag Surface Characterized through SERS Spectroscopy
Authors: de Oliveira Rafael , Sant’Ana Antonio Carlos
Published: March 2023

Pesticides present utmost importance in modern agriculture and are extensively used in countries with strong agricultural activity, such as Brazil. However, these substances are considered a significant part of environmental contamination by organic compounds. In the present work, Raman spectroscopy was employed in the vibrational characterization of the fungicide tebuconazole and surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy to the study of the adsorption of this compound on the surface of Ag nanoparticles. The proposed chemical interaction between tebuconazole and the metallic surface was inferred by relating experimental results and vibrational assignment supported by density functional theory calculations. The vibrational assignments of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra, by considering surface selection rules, suggest that the adsorption of the tebuconazole with Ag surface occurs by interactions of phenyl and triazole groups simultaneously. For the case of the interaction with the phenyl group, a modification of the charge distribution in the ring after adsorption was hypothesized, which was supported through the analysis of the frontier molecular orbitals of the Ag-tebuconazole complex calculated by density functional theory.
Suleiman of Gazza on the Ecumenical Councils
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Davydenkov Archpriest Oleg
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the ideas about the history and deeds of the Ecumenical Councils of the Melkite writer of the 10th–11th centuries Suleiman, Bishop of Gaza, the first Arabic-speaking Christian poet and author of a number of theological and philosophical treatises. Although Suleiman was not a historian, he nonetheless wrote two noteworthy texts on the history of the Ecumenical Councils. According to a number of formal criteria, these texts may well be attributed to “the synopsis of the Councils” genre, which was very popular in Byzantium and was widely used in Byzantine doctrinal and catechetical literature. At the same time, this genre was not in demand in Melkite literature, and the Bishop of Gaza was actually the only Arabic-speaking Melkite writer who created works in “the synopsis of the Councils” genre, which was widely used in Byzantine doctrinal and catechetical literature. The author notes that, unlike most Melkite writers of the 8th–13th centuries (St John of Damascus, Theodore Abu Qurrah, Agapius of Manbij, Macarius of Sinai), who had quite adequate ideas about the history of the Ecumenical Councils and their deeds, Suleiman in his treatises makes many mistakes, both purely historical and concerning the theological essence of some heresies condemned by the Councils. The article attempts to establish the reasons for the mistakes made by Suleiman of Gazza and find logical explanations for some of them. The author comes to the conclusion that Suleiman’s knowledge of Church history cannot be considered satisfactory. Because of this, it is absolutely impossible to call the Bishop of Gazza a writer who knew the history of the Church well, as some researchers do.
Liturgical argument in defense of Orthodoxy in the polemical collection of the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences 16.3.13
Authors:   Yekaterinodar Theological Seminary, Panchenko Sergey V. , Kretov Priest Andrej ,   Yekaterinodar Theological Seminary
Published: March 2023

In a poorly covered polemical collection of the 17th century of the Library of the Academy of Sciences 16.3.13 there is a controversy between supporters of the Orthodox and Latin teachings about the Eucharist. The writings of the brothers Likhudov and monk Euthymius are placed along with the heretical writings of Sylvester Medvedev and the banned deacon Athanasius. In this article, we will pay attention to the “liturgical” direction in the argument, when the parties participating in the controversy find confirmation of their position in the order of the Divine Liturgy. This is done by referring to the authority of the liturgies of the Eastern Orthodox Church: Saints John and Basil, the Apostles Mark and James, brother of God, as well as the study of the “Latin” liturgy of the Apostle Peter. The complexity of describing the liturgical argument lies in its arbitrary arrangement on the pages of the collection. The purpose of this work is to consider the liturgical argument in defense of the Orthodox teaching on the time of the transubstantiation of the Gifts in the littlecovered polemical collection of the Library of the Academy of Sciences 16.3.13. The content of the manuscript will be considered in the context of the polemic with the “bread-worshipping” heresy, after which the method of liturgical polemic based on the rites of the liturgies will be examined. In conclusion, preliminary conclusions are made about the meaning of the liturgical argument.
Biología sintética: Sobre el desarrollo de circuitos genéticos y su aplicación en biociencias y en biocombustibles
Authors: Carrillo-Martínez José Carlos , Díaz-Zaragoza Mariana , Oceguera-Contreras Edén , Ortiz-Torres Gerardo
Published: March 2023

La biología sintética tiene como objetivo desarrollar células con funciones totalmente nuevas y que no se encuentran en su naturaleza. Estas funciones se manifiestan a través de rutas creadas a partir de genes provenientes de otros microorganismos vinculados por técnicas moleculares como el ensamblaje de Bio-Brick. Algunos de estos enlaces pueden adoptar un comportamiento booleano y generar lo que se conoce como un circuito genético, compuesto principalmente por las partes funcionales de un gen (Promotor, RBS, ORF, Terminador). Estas piezas intercambiables forman lo que se conoce como Bio-Brick, que actúa como una puerta lógica al mostrar una estabilidad excelente y una memoria genética que perdura después de varias generaciones. Por los distintos tipos de comportamiento que presentan los Bio-Bricks, son muy atractivos para la industria, ya que con solo elegir un tipo de circuito sus aplicaciones son diversas, por ejemplo en la industria biomédica para (medicamentos contra el cáncer, la malaria, anticuerpos específicos e ingeniería del microbioma), o en la industria energética para (generar biocombustibles de segunda generación que compitan eficazmente con los combustibles fósiles; también se ha descubierto que por su utilidad en diferentes ámbitos, representa una solución a problemas como las altas emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero o la actual pandemia provocada por la aparición del SARS-CoV-2.
Los símbolos y la vestimenta de carácter religioso en la relación laboral
Authors: Aguilar del Castillo María del Carmen
Published: March 2023

El respeto por el uso de símbolos o vestimentas de contenido religioso no genera una respuesta pacífica en la sociedad, ya sea en ámbitos públicos como en privados. En estos últimos, en la relación laboral, el conflicto se evidencia en forma de discriminación indirecta que ha de ser resuelta en favor del derecho y no de sus límites; para ello, con las distintas técnicas interpretativas se intenta buscar un equilibrio entre el derecho de libertad religiosa y el derecho de empresa en el que no siempre ceda el primero en beneficio del segundo.
Guía para una nueva realidad de las relaciones laborales tras el Covid-19
Authors: García Viña Jordi
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las consecuencias que está teniendo en las empresas la pandemia del Covid-19, especialmente desde un punto de vista económico y de efectos sobre el empleo, en todo el mundo. Aunque la situación epidemiológica no es igual en todos los países, las medidas que se están aplicando son similares.Además, se proponen una serie de medidas de salud pública y salud laboral que permiten la actividad económica y el control de la pandemia, con la finalidad de que continúen la actividad de las empresas sin que se incremente el desarrollo de la pandemia.Finalmente, se aportan medidas de gestión de las personas que prestan servicios en las empresas en el futuro después del Covid-19, ya que son necesarios cambios en el desarrollo futuro de los recursos humanos.
Audio Transmission Using Visible Light Communication Technology with Pre-Equalization Technique
Authors: Priyadharshini R. , Raja A. Sivanantha
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The Visible Light Communication (VLC) is the emerging technology that aims to offer high speed internet access in indoor environment. This technology basically uses intensity modulation of current lighting infrastructure, which is provided by Light Emitting Diodes. During the implementation of this technology there may be Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and power loss in free space channel, in order to overcome this problem and to utilize white light spectrum fully for effective transmission of data several techniques are followed. In this paper, the pre-equalization technique is chosen and implemented for audio transmission. The Pre-equalization of data is performed using MATLAB 2022a Graphical User Interface (GUI) and then feed to designed real-time VLC system. Pre-equalization of audio data improves sound quality and maintained it throughout the transmitting distance which is in Line Of Sight. The optical power distribution of the signal at an indoor environment for chosen white LED for audio transmission is also observed.
Evaluating the impact of function density distribution on metro passenger flows
Authors: Ushakov Dmitriy E. , Karelin Dmitriy V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The distribution of residential and business functions density in relation to walking distances to metro stations was considered to determine their relationship with annual metro passenger flows. The aim of the study was to identify common dependencies typical for regional cities, including Novosibirsk, Ekaterinburg, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod, and Samara. Understanding dependencies that determine metro passenger flows will help to identify optimal strategies for development of offstreet transport in regional cities.

Materials and methods. Open source data were used. Data on annual passenger metro traffic were provided by metro operators and the International Metro Association. The method of regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship. The information was prepared and visualized using QGIS and Python.

Results. A positive correlation was identified between the density of residential areas and annual metro passenger flows as a result of the total evaluation of all cities. When evaluating the business function, the authors found that the greatest concentration of the number of corporate entities in the cities was focused in their administrative centres, or central business districts. A negative correlation between the average distance from all metro stations to administrative centres of cities (ACC), railway stations and annual metro passenger traffic was identified. Multiregression analysis showed that in all cities annual metro passenger flows were 69–90 % determined by the density of residential areas within walking distance of metro stations and the average distance from metro stations to ACC and the railway station. Independent variables are not multicollinear with each other.

Conclusions. A strong dependence between annual metro passenger flows and residential or business functions was obtained. These results describe the dependence characteristic of all regional cities that have metros. This information can be used to evaluate the prospects for the development of offstreet transport in regional cities of Russia in the process of updating their master plans. The direction for further research is to evaluate the contribution of the residential function to metro passenger flows separately for each radius of walking distance of stations.
Dependence of the dynamic coefficient on rigidity of trusses in case of versatile local failures
Authors: Tusnin Alexander R. , Berger Maria P.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. To ensure the safety of buildings and structures in case of emergency, structures and individual structural elements must maintain their bearing capacity in the event of local damage. The purpose of the article is to study the effect of rigidity of a steel truss on the dynamic coefficient in the process of analyzing resistance to progressive collapse. A solution to this problem is a stage in the development of a practical method for analyzing steel trusses in cases of local failures of elements.

Materials and methods. Within the framework of the study, several numerical and analytical computations of steel trusses, having spans of 24, 48, 72, 108 and 144 m, were performed. Steel trusses were subjected to different local failures of elements in top and bottom chords.

Results. The effect of rigidity of trusses on the dynamic coefficient is studied for cases of withdrawal of individual elements from the analytical model. Values of dynamic coefficients, obtained by means of analytical and numerical calculations, demonstrated good convergence (the discrepancy did not exceed 15 %). The dynamic numerical calculation of the 3D roofing skeleton with a standard pattern of horizontal ties was performed, taking into account the local failure of a truss element. The distribution of the dynamic coefficient within a damaged truss and the nearest trusses was obtained.

Conclusions. Analytical and numerical studies showed that an increase in the rigidity of a truss caused a reduction in the value of the dynamic coefficient. Analytical dependences can be used as the bearing capacity reserve when making analytical calculations. Numerical analysis showed that if a damaged truss resisted loading, being part of the 3D framework of an industrial building, the load, acting on the damaged truss, was redistributed to neighboring trusses, and dynamic forces in it were smaller than those in an independent load-bearing truss. The damage of the compressed chord was a worse case; the value of the dynamic coefficients exceeded the values for the case of stretched chords by an average of 26 %, and the truss resisted loads nearly independently from neighboring trusses, behaving as a flat element.
Effect of clay with high water adsorption capacity on process of secondary consolidation of peat
Authors: Nevzorov Alexander L. , Ivakhnova Galina Yu.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Primary consolidation of peat, underlying an embankment, is completed 3 to 5 years after its filling. It is followed by secondary consolidation, caused by removal of bound moisture from micropores. At this stage, the settlement rate depends on the degree of peat decomposition, temperature, content of various chemicals in the pore water, vibration effects, and other factors. To reduce the embankment deformation, caused by the secondary consolidation, peat is either modified by binding compounds, having filling agents, or other actions are taken to accelerate the settlement process for a short term and to decelerate it thereafter using temporary surcharge, electroosmosis and other actions.

Materials and methods. The authors studied the effect of peat dehydration using clayey materials with high water adsorption capacity, such as bentonite and saponite waste generated by the diamond mining industry. 100 days oedometer tests were carried out. In the course of testing, vertical cylindrical elements, made of the above materials, were installed in the specimens. These cylindrical elements occupied about 10 % of the specimen volume.

Results. Bentonite inclusions, formed without any peat extraction, had a powerful effect on development of deformations. Intensive dehydration of peat led to a 2–4 times increase in the coefficient of secondary consolidation сαε. Following 25 to 30 days of intensive settlement, the value of the cαε coefficient went down by an average of 1.5 times relative to its initial value. The effect of elements, made of saponite-containing waste, turned out to be different. The value of the cαε coefficient increased by 11 to 15 %, but 20 to 30 days later it went down by an average of 2 times relative to the initial value. Higher resistance of elements to vertical loading served as the factor preventing the development of settlement.

Conclusions. Clay has a high water adsorption capacity, and its intrusion into peat results in accelerated water migration from micropores and boosts the rate of secondary consolidation. In addition to peat dehydration, secondary consolidation was accelerated by mechanical compaction in the process of adding clay into specimens followed by clay swelling.
Managerial and engineering solutions made to ensure the quality of construction and installation work at various stages of the life cycle of a construction facility
Authors: Topchiy Dmitry V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Current regulations indicate the need to ensure the quality of work performed at various stages of construction projects. Pursuant to the Urban Planning Code, quality control functions are assigned to a technical coordinator, as well as organizations that perform the work themselves. A number of approved sets of rules describe basic principles to be complied with by the companies performing this work. Research literature also focuses on and describes in detail the main problems that arise during the implementation of capital construction projects, as well as methods and techniques used to prevent and eliminate any deviations thus identified. At the same time, very few research works address fundamentals of work performance procedures and quality assurance technologies applied in the course of engineering surveying, development of design documentation and project budgets, performance of construction and installation work, operation, demolition and disposal of construction waste. These works are fragmented and disparate elements of a consolidated quality assurance system, and they need more research.

Materials and methods. The author analyzed current regulations that ensure principal aspects of quality assurance at various stages of the life cycle of a construction facility. Principles of the systems approach to construction procedures and technologies, needed to ensure the pre-set parameters, are proposed. Specific conditions of construction control at the stage of engineering surveys and implementation of construction and installation works (including reconstruction, restoration, major repairs) of various classes of reliability and durability are considered.

Results. Current regulations, documentation and scientific research projects, used to perform construction control, inspection of buildings and structures, as well as various types of monitoring, do not allow for the uniformity of companies responsible for quality assurance.

Conclusions. The proposed systems approach to the arrangement of quality assurance work at various stages of the life cycle of a construction facility will in the shortest possible time allow for the development of uniform principles underlying the operation of entities that guarantee quality, prevent and timely identify various deviations.
Fotografía de Ricardo Antúnez. Lejos del mito
Authors: Antúnez Ricardo
Published: March 2023

Según datos del año 2006, solo el 32% de los jóvenes de 20 años completó su educación secundaria. La cifra desciende al 8,8% en los hogares pobres y al 6,2% si, además, se trata de varones. Porcentajes similares se conocen desde hace una década. La deserción se concentra en los tres primeros años de la enseñanza media. El programa Aulas Comunitarias — en el que convergen el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (MIDES) y el Consejo de Educación Secundaria, pero cuya gestión se confía a organizaciones no gubernamentales— intenta disminuir el abandono en el tránsito de la escuela al liceo, un escalón en el que un importante número de adolescentes se desvincula del sistema educativo.
Hablando se entiende la gente
Authors: Montuori Elisa
Published: March 2023

Mientras en Europa el auge de los dialectos hace de Bruselas una pequeña torre de Babel, globalmente el número de idiomas declina estrepitosamente, y con cada idioma desaparece no solo una forma de expresión lingüística, sino un modo de interpretar y catalogar la realidad. De las 6.900 lenguas que actualmente se hablan en el mundo podría desaparecer hasta un 90%. Por este motivo, y en el marco del año internacional de los idiomas, varias asociaciones proponen introducir el concepto de derechos humanos lingüísticos y salvar la existencia de las lenguas en peligro.
TV digital en Uruguay. ¿Oportunidad productiva o recambio tecnológico?
Authors: Giaimo Mariangela
Published: March 2023

La Licenciatura en Comunicación Social de la Universidad Católica del Uruguay organizó un debate sobre la tecnología de televisión digital, para el cual reunió importantes actores locales de diferentes sectores vinculados a la Televisión Digital Terrestre (TDT). Con discrepancias y coincidencias, los participantes plantearon sus puntos de vista sobre el asunto desde el ámbito de las políticas de comunicación, desde la visión de la propia televisión local —pública y privada— y también desde la perspectiva de los productores de contenidos.
Investigar en Comunicación. Una apuesta estratégica en la Universidad de la República
Authors: Kaplún Gabriel
Published: March 2023

La Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Comunicación de la Universidad de la República realizó en el mes de marzo las jornadas “Investigar en Comunicación: experiencias, debates y proyecciones”.
MADALENA BURGER: ESTABILIZAR OU CRESCER?
Authors: Santos Djenifer Pereira dos , Souza Flávia Martins de , Kieling Ana Paula
Published: March 2023

O presente caso de ensino tem como objetivo oportunizar aos alunos a vivência e discussão de temáticas pertinentes ao contexto empreendedor e mercadológico, a partir da análise da gestão da Madalena Burger, um estabelecimento familiar que vende hambúrgueres em um cenário promissor. A hamburgueria, aberta em fevereiro de 2017 em Tijucas – Santa Catarina pelo casal Bruno Fonseca e Lívia Rocha, inicialmente atende seus clientes pelo sistema de delivery. No entanto, devido ao grande movimento e boa receptividade do público, o casal passou a cogitar a possibilidade de abrir uma unidade física na cidade. O dilema do caso está na abertura ou não do espaço, baseado nas características do negócio, objetivos dos proprietários e situação do mercado. Como instrumento de ensino, o caso foi desenvolvido para uso nos cursos de Graduação em Administração e Pós-Graduação em Empreendedorismo. O debate inclui temas como gestão de pequenos negócios, empreendedorismo e atitude empreendedora, podendo ser aplicado nas disciplinas de Empreendedorismo, Plano de Negócios e Gestão de Micro e Pequenas Empresas.