bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’implication de la dislocation à droite dans l’organisation interactionnelle
Authors: Horlacher Anne-Sylvie , Müller Gabriele M.
Published: July 2022

In this paper we examine a grammatical construction known as Right-Dislocation (for exemple: c'est nul ce carnaval) in a corpus of conversational French data. It has often been argued that RD presupposes that the referent be discourse-active or highly accessible (Givón 1983; Lambrecht 1981). Moreover, it has been widely claimed that in RDs, the dislocated element offers an informational completion of a potentially unclear reference (Chafe 1976; Dik 1978; Geluykens 1987, 1994; Fradin 1988 – hence the notion of ‘afterthought’). However, in most cases occuring in our data, the RDs do not seem to be used in a context of topic continuation nor for correcting a possible referential failure. In this study we will therefore present alternative explanations – mostly interactional – for the use of RD. On the one hand, we will see that RD has a topic-shifting and a topic-creating function. This point has been previously discussed by Lambrecht (1981), Givón (1983) and Ashby (1988) but still remains very controversial in the literature about RDs. On the other hand, we will examine types of RDs that contain a term expressing evaluation – an adjective or an adverb – before the detached element (like in the above example). It will be shown that this type of RDs is regularly used by the speakers to manage a disagreement.
We will conclude by arguing that RD functions as a resource for interaction – involved in topical organization as well as in the management of disagreement – rather than as a completion device. In this sense, this investigation helps to uncover the ways in which a grammatical resource and interactional patterns work together to allow speakers to accomplish their communicative goals.
Usages interprétatifs de la deixis présente
Authors: De Saussure Louis
Published: July 2022

This paper focuses on non standard uses of the present indexical maintenant in French, typically free indirect speech usages, and argumentative usages. First, two approaches of indexicality are briefly compared. In the Continental tradition, indexicality is a notion traditionally associated with "subjectivity", with a regard to psychosocial theories of action. In the Analytical tradition, indexicality is rather concerned with a referential problem: indexicals have a specific way of achieving denotation. This paper suggests that the notion of subjectivity should be incorporated into the analytical approach, although with reference to the notion of proprioception as developed in cognitive science. It is argued that maintenant has some language-specific features, which makes it plausible that it is a complex procedural expression. That expression encodes, we claim, cognitive present and situation-change, both components of meaning that are realized depending on particular contextual features.
Nouveaux développements de la SDRT
Authors: Scherrer Yves
Published: July 2022

This text presents the SDRT, a theory of formal discourse representation whose originality lies in the inclusion of rhetorical relations inferred with the help of linguistic and extralinguistic knowledge. After a short presentation of the foundations of this theory, I will discuss some extension and modification projects. By looking at the modifications needed to include dialog phenomena and by presenting at some issues of theoretical nature, I will sketch the dynamics of the research conducted in the SDRT framework in the last few years. Then, I will show how the analysis of combinatorial aspects of the rhetorical relations can give rise to new relations, and I will argue that these new relations are useful for an adequate analysis of syntax and discourse phenomena.
Avant-propos
Authors: Bonhomme Marc , Lugrin Gilles
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
Entre discours et mémoire : le dialogisme à l’épreuve de la presse ordinaire
Authors: Moirand Sophie
Published: July 2022

This article tackles the question of media discourse circulation in the light of dialogism. Yet, analysing empirical data forces one to reformulate the enunciative dialogical frame proposed by Bakhtine and to connect it to the interdiscourse and interdiscursive memory notions, stemming from the French discourse analysis school. Some media specific discursive modes are uncovered, such as multi-voiced intertext constructions, memory-laden allusions, the interdiscursive characteristic of nomination, or the diverse functions of the various forms of dialogism at work in the text pragmatic orientation (the intratext).
Implicatures et métareprésentations en contexte de presse écrite
Authors: De Saussure Louis
Published: July 2022

The paper suggests that the notion of metarepresentation, usual in cognitive pragmatics and philosophy of language, allows for a fine-grained analysis of specific interpretive effects in represented thought and speech in the specific context of written press. It is argued, on the theoretical side, that metarepresentation can significantly improve the operability of the classical and usual concept of polyphony of the Bakhtinian tradition of discourse analysis since it’s a more technical notion. In particular, the paper aims at showing that metarepresentational analysis can be an efficient tool for tracking and explaining subtle implicatures, notably about the writer’s propositional attitude on the represented content.
Coordination, subordination, corrélation ou énonciation autonome ? Une analyse syntaxique des constructions du type Que je bouge (et) il me ramèra vite à l'ordre.
Authors: Corminboeuf Gilles
Published: July 2022

This study concerns French subjunctive constructions producing an hypothetical interpretation, as que je bouge (et) il me ramènera vite à l’ordre. The syntactical characteristics of those binary structures allow us to question some well established methodological presuppositions. In the first part of our study, we present those axioms and explain why, in our opinion, they should be objected to. In the second part, we propose an analysis of those subjunctive constructions in the macro-syntactical context, a theoretic model that permit us to present an original approach of those constructions which traditionally raise problems for the grammatical analysis. Should they be seen as a coordination, a subordination or a correlation phenomenon, or further more as an autonomous clause ?
Habitudes, conceptions familiales de jeu et situation de jeu symbolique mère-enfant
Authors: Butty Jeanine
Published: July 2022

The framework of our inquiry is a research project that concerns children and mothers consulting a speech and language therapist, with the aim to better understand the inner resources of the child and his surroundings. In order to assess these resources, children and mothers were filmed in a situation of symbolic play. The mothers were questioned to learn more about familial habits and the mother’s preconceptions about playing; based on these replies, we tried to establish "profiles of play" for children and mothers. Then, we analysed some aspects of the play interactions and tried to identify links between the two types of data. Our analysis tends to show that mothers expectations in the play situation, as well as their involvement as real play partners, can lead to real differences in the way they lead the play interaction.
À la découverte du langage par le développement du jeu
Authors: Galli Cornali Sandra
Published: July 2022

In diesem Atelier zeigen wir den Ablauf einer logopädischen Therapie bei einem Kind, dessen logopädische Intervention eben erst begonnen hat. Die Eltern eines dreijährigen Kindes kontaktieren auf Anraten einer Bekannten eine Logopädin, weil ihr Kind noch nicht spricht. Wir beobachten in Videos, wie sich das Symbolspiel in der Interaktion entwickelt, wir können feststellen, wie das Kind allmählich die Funktion der Sprache entdeckt. So kann sich das Kind eine zuverlässige Vorstellung aufbauen, was sich auf das Denken auswirkt.
Die Therapie basiert auf einer konstruktiven und interaktiven Methode und baut auf die therapeutischen Ansätze von Dr. Barbara Zollinger (Zentrum für kleine Kinder in Winterthur) auf.
Mittels den klinischen Beobachtungen und des theoretischen Wissens zeigen wir den therapeutischen Prozess auf, mit dessen Hilfe das Kind von einem unverständlichen Lautieren zu einer verständlichen und bedeutungstragenden Sprache kommt.
Jeu et dimension créative en logopédie: passer du symptôme à une expression médiatisée au sein de la relation
Authors: Slooves Josette
Published: July 2022

Speech and learning therapy is motivated by a language and communication symptom, which distorts a person’s expression, relationship to others and to the general environment. Therapy through play allows the personal creativity to emerge, the internal conflicts and their evolution to be expressed and the language to develop. Three situations will be described with children aged between 3 and 5. Certain games will be identified as a red line throughout the therapy, showing the children’s personal evolution, as language progressively improves. A parallel will be made between therapy and art, as some formal aspects can be found in both environments and compared, to gain a different perspective on human development.
Prosody and interaction in atypical and typical language development
Authors: Wells Bill , Corrin Juliette , Local John
Published: July 2022

Les études de la prosodie dans les interactions conversationnelles ont mis en évidence la façon complexe et subtile dont font preuve les locuteurs dans l'utilisation des traits prosodiques pour négocier lors des interactions quotidiennes. Dans les analyses développementales et cliniques, la question est de savoir comment les enfants apprennent à gérer (ou n'apprennent pas à le faire) la façon de maintenir l'interaction sociale, malgré des limitations prosodiques ou d'un autre ordre. La première partie de l'article est centrée sur le développement typique: la façon dont un enfant entre 19-21 mois et la personne qui s'en occupe s'orientent vers un système de signalisation par la prosodie est décrite, système permettant à l'enfant de construire des tours de parole étendus. Dans la deuxième partie de l'article, l'application clinique de ce concept est illustrée par des données concernant tout d'abord un garçon de 5 ans présentant des troubles du développement du langage et de la parole, et ensuite un garçon de 11 ans avec un autisme sévère. Il est montré que les deux enfants, malgré leurs patterns prosodiques inhabituels, ont conscience d'un système de signalisation prosodique qui régule l'alternance des tours de parole et s'orientent vers un tel système.
Constructions syntaxiques et discours: les introductions de référents dans des narrations produites par des enfants présentant des troubles spécifiques du développement du langage oral et des enfants tout-venant
Authors: Jullien Stéphane
Published: July 2022

It is now generally admitted, following Lambrecht (1994), that word order in French is constrained by topicality and shared knowledge between speakers rather than defined by a strict SVO order. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study how French-speaking children take into account the shared knowledge with the adult using syntactic constructions to introduce referents in narratives, the so-called global marking of information (Hickmann, 2003; Hickmann et al., 1996). The data were taken from a European research project1. The population of the study was composed of normal-speaking children, from 4 to 11 years of age, and of language-impaired children, from 6 to 11 years of age. We show here that, like local marking, the global marking of information is a late acquisition. Furthermore, syntactic constructions, such as il y a ('there is'), are not only involved in information structure but are engaged in discourse planning and constrained by the type of referent introduced. Moreover, we find that language-impaired children (SLI) use different syntactic devices to introduce referents in discourse.
Se perfectionner grâce à la réalité virtuelle: Deux études empiriques et leur implication pour la pratique
Authors: Darioly Annick , Schmid Mast Marianne
Published: July 2022

Immersive Virtual Environment Technology (IVET) immerses participants in illusory physical and social environments. Participants can look and walk around and converse with a virtual human, is a three-dimensional digital human representation, who looks and acts like a real person although he / she is entirely controlled by the experimenter by means of a computer program. IVET is an economically efficient method to (a) conduct research on interpersonal interactions and to (b) offer the possibility to train physicians in their communication skills and to improve the candidate's self-presentation in a job interview. We found, for instance, that physician communication style (dominant and caring) elicits different emotional and behavioral responses from the patients. Moreover, research on recruiter-candidate interaction shows that there is a correspondence between the candidates' perception of their competences and their competences evaluated by a recruiter. Despite this correspondence, candidates overestimate their performance in the job interview. The Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology possesses, since 2006, its own virtual reality lab. IVET can be used in a work and organizational psychology context for concrete educational applications.
Ambiguïté lexicale et apprentissage de la lecture en langue étrangère: quelle aide le dictionnaire bilingue peut-il y apporter?
Authors: Loguercio Sandra
Published: July 2022

This study approaches the potential ambiguity of lexical units when reading in a foreign language (FL) in the beginning of the learning process. The lexical ambiguity, unusual in written text, can arise in this case due to the lack of knowledge of a foreign language and/or due to the use of a bilingual dictionary (BD). This dictionary can show the meanings of the units, and help to eliminate potential ambiguities of the polysemic nature of lexicon through different strategies. But, which strategies would be most appropriate to beginners? i.e., which information should a BD contains in order to help reading, while facilitating the study of a FL? This is the main question this study aims to answer based on considerations primarily related to teaching and learning to read in a foreign language, and then to the use of a BD. The focus is on French-to-Brazilian Portuguese dictionaries and on the difficulties a Brazilian student faces when studying ''French for Specific Purposes''.
Transmission des langues natives aux deuxièmes générations : le cas de la diaspora indienne en Europe Nordique et occidentale
Authors: Haque Shahzaman
Published: July 2022

In the matter of migrant families the language transmission and language practices are often subjected to issues related to national, family and local language(s) policies. This paper aims to explore the salient features of these issues concerning four Indian families as an in-depth case study, who have migrated to France, Sweden, Norway and Finland. Here fewer investigations have been conducted related to transmission of native languages on the migrant Indian community. Through the prism of sociolinguistic-ethnographic approach, it was possible to sift various measures taken by the authority and family members in order to transmit the language to the second generation. The national language policy on education of the concerned host societies prescribes the role, function and infrastructure for the teaching and development of migrant languages which is however ineffective as claimed by immigrant parents. In such event, the role of parents becomes crucial to formulate and execute decisive steps regarding implementation of the native languages inside the home.
Avant-propos
Authors: Petitjean Cécile
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
sociolinguistique et l’histoire des variétés romanes anciennes
Authors: Barbato Marcello
Published: July 2022

I principi della sociolinguistica possono essere applicati proficuamente allo studio delle varietà romanze antiche, sia per spiegare la riorganizzazione dei rapporti tra le varietà in contatto, sia per collocare in un quadro realistico i cambiamenti che si verificano nei singoli sistemi linguistici. Lo studio della variazione presente nei testi antichi ha però anche delle caratteristiche specifiche, legate al tipo di documentazione, alla frammentarietà dei dati, alla presenza del filtro della scrittura e alla viscosità delle tradizioni grafiche. Alla luce di tali premesse si analizzano alcuni casi di variazione e cambiamento nelle varietà antiche dell’Italia meridionale.
Pour une sociophonétique des ethnolectes suisses-allemands
Authors: Schmid Stephan
Published: July 2022

Over the last ten years or so, '(multi)ethnolects' – i.e. the language varieties of young immigrants – have attracted the attention of sociolinguists from several European countries. The most promising theoretical model (Auer 2003) distinguishes between primary, secondary and tertiary ethnolects, depending on whether the observed features appear in the speech of the immigrants themselves or if they are imitated by comedians and by youngsters without an immigrant background. The present contribution illustrates the dynamic nature of such 'ethnolectal' features in Swiss German in the light of Auer's model. Implications of our findings for a theory of sociophonetics are discussed, e.g. with regard to the sociolinguistic status of the involved variables (markers, indicators, stereotypes). Finally, it is pointed out that the realm of sociophonetic inquiry is shifting from the social characteristics of the language user towards different modes of language use.
L’analyse conversationnelle comme approche "sociale" de l’acquisition des langues secondes: une illustration empirique
Authors: Pochon-Berger Evelyne
Published: July 2022

This paper examines Conversation Analysis as applied to the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA). The epistemological framework of CA is first presented and then exemplified through the study of disagreements accomplished by lower intermediate level learners of French L2. Micro-sequential analyses are carried out on a corpus of classroom interactions. The analyses shed new light on practices which have been the focus of previous studies in SLA. The analyses show how learners manage to finely tune their disagreement to the local circumstances by means of diverse resources (e.g. sequential, prosodic), while at the linguistic level, the disagreements appear direct and explicit (essentially turn-initial "no") – which has been interpreted in earlier research as an indicator of limited competence in the L2. On the basis of these results, we discuss specific contributions of Conversation Analysis to SLA research, as well as its limits with regards to other socially oriented approaches to SLA.
Pratiques orthographiques en français d’étudiants étrangers: le cas d’étudiants hispano-américains et afghans
Authors: Gonac'h Jeanne , Mortamet Clara
Published: July 2022

In this article, we analyze and compare French spelling errors produced by two different groups of university students who have learned French in a country where French is a foreign language (FFL): students from Central and South American countries (Salvador, Peru and Argentine) and Afghanistan. Our corpus is based on errors found in papers of graduate distance-learning students, most of whom are planning on becoming French teachers in their countries. Our aim is to identify what errors are specific to FFL university students and eventually what errors are specific to the two different groups. The first results of our study confirm tendencies observed on previous research and prove that there exist specific types of errors for FFL learners. In the end, we will also discuss the limit of error categories.
De l’incidence du cotexte sur les choix orthographiques en FLE: étude de cas
Authors: Defays Jean-Marc , Saenen Frédéric
Published: July 2022

This article is based on a survey carried out at the ISLV (University of Liège) among students in French as a Foreign Language (FLE) with a B1-level. The given exercise consisted of writing a sequence of words out of context and then of relocating the exact same words in the text from which they were taken. By means of a keen statistical analysis of the transcriptions, we attempt to determine where the most common spelling mistakes (lexical as well as grammatical) are made for a student in FLE, thereby assessing the impact of context on spelling.
Avant-propos
Authors: Longhi Julien
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
passé simple n'est jamais subjectif
Authors: Lescano Aldredo
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses the objections made by Olsen (2002) and Nølke & Olsen (2002) to Benveniste’s description of the French passé simple tense (Benveniste, 1959). While Benveniste states that passé simple allows to present events as if they were “narrated by themselves”, hence producing an “objective” effect, Nølke and Olsen argue that this tense is capable of expressing “subjectivity”. By adopting the Argumentative Theory of Polyphony (Carel, 2011; Carel & Ducrot, 2009; Ducrot, 2010; Lescano, 2009, in press), this work intends to show that the “subjective” value of the passé simple noted by Nølke and Olsen is but the result of the confusion of different levels of analysis, and that Benveniste’s stake must be essentially maintained, even if important adjustments must be made to it.
Pragmatique topique, énonciation et linguistique de corpus: essai de caractérisation du corpus cartésien
Authors: Sarfati Georges-Elias
Published: July 2022

This article deals with the question of enunciation and corpus linguistics in the perspective of the linguistic theory of common sense (Topics pragmatics). According to the later, a discourse have to be understood in connection with a specific social practice. In that view, each kind of discourse has its own dynamics that includes a "canon", a "vulgate" and a "doxa". This conception of discourse renews the concept of "corpus", since it shows that corpus linguistics have to take into account those three levels of dynamic structuration. This paper is an attempt to demonstrates the relevance of this pragmatics conception: it takes as an example the caracterization of the "cartesian corpus".
Rencontre entre les enseignants et parents de la FCPE et les enseignants-chercheurs de la Linguistique Française à l'Université de Provence
Authors: Blanche-Benveniste Claire
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
"Le portrait de mon papa a les cheveux chauves"
Authors: Blanche-Benveniste Claire
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
question du handicap linguistique : une révision
Authors: Blanche-Benveniste Claire
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
reprises dans les interactions logopédiste - enfant. Une alternance entre "offres" et "saisies"
Authors: Rodi Mireille
Published: July 2022

In this article, we explain how children with specific language impairment (SLI) can benefit from speech therapy by focusing on a specific process, rooted in the discursive-interactive perspective of language acquisition (Vygotsky, 1934/1997; Bruner, 1983, 1987; Bronckart et al., 1993; de Weck & Rosat, 2003). We show how a child with SLI manages to grasp the opportunities for acquisition offered by a speech therapist and the strategies used by the latter to give the child opportunities to grasp them. We develop our reflexion around this dynamic alternation between offers and uptakes whose main ingredient is the recast, and we suggest that the issues of a speech therapy rooted in communicative activities are in this dynamic.
Interactions familiales d'un enfant jumeau avec retard de langage oral : identification de situations facilitatrices pour l'enfant
Authors: Prevost Audrey , Caët Stéphanie
Published: July 2022

The prevalence of speech and/or language delay in twins is higher than in singletons. Because of the specificity of the triadic situation in which twins acquire language, we wanted to analyze family interactions in order to identify situations that could facilitate the child's speech and be worked on in the context of a parental guidance. Video recordings were made at the home of one family of twins aged 6;2, in different situations: a family meal, a picture book reading, and a play time. Our analyses focused on one of the twins diagnosed with a speech and language delay. The child produced more and longer utterances in the picture book reading. This situation is also the situation where the rhythm of the interaction is slower, the child was most spoken to, with more open questions, and errors (in particular lexical errors) were almost all repaired by the adult (all repairs being in turn taken up by the child). The family meal is the situation where the child spoke the least and produced the shortest utterances; in this situation, although central in the child's everyday life and for his social and linguistic development, the child was rarely spoken to, questions were mostly closed, and errors less taken up.
Avant-propos
Authors: Gfeller Fabienne , Gonzalez Sylvia , Skogmyr Marian Klara , Volpin Letizia
Published: July 2022

[Ce texte n'a pas de résumé].
Art versus amusement: what do photos allow people to do?
Authors: Hua Fan
Published: July 2022

When discussing the aesthetic reaction, Vygotsky used a formula as an explanation: in a work of art, the form is always in conflict with the content, and the artist always overcomes content with form. Vygotsky unfolded the formula mostly in literature, however, he claimed that the formula can be applied to all other art forms. In this article, Vygotsky's formula is employed to photography. Through analyzing the dialectic contradiction between form and content in roll film snapshots and digital photos, we have reached the conclusion that photos could be a medium of art, where the contrasting feelings of ephemerality and permanence, nostalgia and modernity, proximal experiences and distal experiences meet each other. When less emotion and imagination are involved, photos could also be reduced to a medium of amusement. And the available medium to a culture has a significant influence on cultural and social preoccupations.
défi de l'évaluation langagière des enfants bilingues : état des lieux des ressources disponibles en logopédie
Authors: Schwob Salomé
Published: July 2022

Approximately 7% of monolingual and bilingual children have a developmental language disorder (Kohnert 2010). These children need to be assessed and diagnosed, and offered appropriate care. Speech and language therapists are responsible for assessing and managing the language of monolingual and bilingual children. The language assessment of bilingual children is a challenge for speech and language therapists (Boerma & Blom 2017; Estienne & Van der Linden 2014; Tuller & al. 2018) because it is currently hard to distinguish between difficulties related to a developmental disorder and a possible delay due to the bilingual situation as both populations present similar errors. (Armon- Lotem 2012). The lack of resources and adapted assessment tools enhances the challenges in differentiating the two populations (Kehoe 2009). The purpose of this paper is therefore to provide an overview of the current knowledge about bilingual language development and developmental language disorder, to show speech and language therapists' difficulties with bilingual language assessments, and to draw up a list of the current resources available to them. Several tools will be described and research attesting to their effectiveness in differentiating between bilingual children with and without language disorders will be presented. We will then discuss their relevance to practice using a clinical vignette.
dimensione corporea emozionale nell'atto comunicativo : come le emozioni contribuiscono al messaggio
Authors: Marcantonio Daniela
Published: July 2022

The intent of this paper is to analyze the contribution of emotions, as an act of nonverbal communication, to sensemaking. Actually, the focus of our analysis is not on the psychology of emotions but rather on the semantics and pragmatics of facial expressions, which encode emotions and/or the state of mind, and how facial expressions communicate meaningfully. To study this empirically, an advertisement of the Swiss bank CLER, whose message is completely based on nonverbal communication, was presented to 20 students of the Faculty of Communication Sciences of Università della Svizzera italiana (USI). The qualitative analysis of the acquired data shows how the bodily expressions of emotions, called affect displays (Ekman & Friesen 1969), transport directly, effectively and efficiently a meaning.
Peut-on traduire l'identité ? De la différence entre textes traduits et textes originaux en Suisse romande
Authors: Delorme Benites Alice
Published: July 2022

As a multilingual country, Switzerland heavily relies on translation for countrywide public communication, for companies as well as for governmental institutions. All, but especially the latter, face the challenge of providing all citizens with the same information, regardless of the language they speak. This study investigates a possible influence of German, the main language in major companies and institutions in Switzerland, on Swiss-French at the discourse level. This influence, resulting from a disproportional number of French texts being translations from German, is evidenced by major differences concerning the topics they address. Evidence is found by investigating a large text corpus, Swiss-AL: keywords and toponyms contained in translated vs. original texts show differences in the weight of the various levels of political administration and in the associations made with specific places in Switzerland. These differences go beyond the expected co ntrast between nation-wide and local texts. This research has been conducted with texts mostly written before the explosion of neuronal machine translation, which arises the question of whether the newest improvement and instant availability of automatic translation might increase exponentially this influence.
Evolución del precio de la canasta básica del Ecuador. Análisis del periodo 2000 – 2019
Authors: Quito Bure Madelaine Carolina , Rodríguez Guerrero Evelyn , Uriguen Aguirre Patricia , Brito Gaona Luis
Published: July 2022

La canasta básica es un indicador importante de los ingresos de los habitantes de un país, que consiste en un el conjunto de alimentos que permiten cubrir las necesidades básicas de las familias.  En el presente trabajo de investigación se realizó un estudio de la evolución del costo de la canasta básica en Ecuador durante el periodo 2000 – 2019. Fueron examinados cinco periodos presidenciales para determinar de qué manera las políticas económicas y sociales implementadas, así como aquellos factores que pudieron influir en el precio de los productos que componen la canasta básica; corresponde a una investigación de tipo documental, considerando el método analítico – sintético. En la última década, estadísticamente se demuestra un incremento en el ingreso de las familias y en el mejoramiento de su calidad de vida, pero es necesario destacar que gran parte de la población económicamente activa en el Ecuador, no tiene ingresos económicos estables y por lo tanto, no puede acceder al conjunto total de productos que la componen. Los resultados demuestran que después de la dolarización, el país entró en cierto periodo de estabilización de los precios, influenciado por las decisiones de política económica y social de cada régimen presidencial. Las conclusiones que se obtienen del presente estudio evidencian que, gran parte de la población económicamente activa en el Ecuador no tiene ingresos económicos estables y por lo tanto, no puede acceder a este conjunto de producto.
Diseño de estrategias con enfoque tecnológico que permitan la reactivación turística asociada al Covid-19 en Ballenita, Santa Elenaa.
Authors: Gutiérrez Jaramillo Daniel Isaias , Costa Sosa María Valeria
Published: July 2022

La reactivación turística es considerada como el conjunto de acciones y estrategias que permiten la recuperación de la actividad como tal. Este trabajo presenta un diseño de estrategias con enfoque tecnológico que permitan la reactivación turística asociada al Covid- 19 en la parroquia Ballenita del cantón Santa Elena. La metodología empleada en el desarrollo de esta investigación está determinada con la aplicación del método descriptivo con un enfoque de investigación cualitativo con el empleo de encuestas dirigidas a los trabajadores del área turística de la parroquia Ballenita, donde se utilizó como instrumento para la recolección de la información un cuestionario ad-hoc de modalidad on line elaborado en Google form. Se elaboraron estrategias, las cuales están enfocadas en impulsar y promocionar el turismo a fin de fortalecer la imagen del sector, el mismo que permitirá el mejoramiento y aprovechamiento de los recursos, considerando que la aplicación correcta de la propuesta permitirá el incremento de visitantes y turistas que lleguen a la zona favoreciendo su reactivación.
SDN Redes definidas por Software usando MiniNet
Authors: Amaya Fariño Luis Miguel , Arroyo Pizarro Juan Fernando , Jaramillo Infante Mónica , Tumbaco Reyes Alfredo Ramón , Mendoza Morán Bolívar Mauricio
Published: July 2022

En la era digital, las redes IP tradicionales aún son complicadas y tediosas de administrar. Existe dificultad para configurar la red de acuerdo con los procedimientos predefinidos y responder a las modificaciones de carga y fallas a través de la reconfiguración de la red. Están integradas verticalmente para complicar mucho más las cosas: los planos de control y datos están agrupados juntos, por esa razón las empresas de telecomunicaciones han creado la evolución en comunicación de datos, conocidas como SDN o redes manipuladas por software donde no es necesario el modelo jerárquico de tres capas clásico modelo OSI. El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo presentar el modelo SDN y sus características, se muestra una pequeña práctica desplegando una red virtual utilizando Virtual Box de cuatro máquinas virtuales, un emulador de red MiniNet y con un script Python para la MiniNet en las reglas de comunicación. Se pudo observar que la administración del SDN es fácil y sencilla a través de un lenguaje de programación, la definición de reglas va directamente entre equipos y no a través de las rutas de la red.
Sistema domótico por comando de voz basado en Arduino para personas con dificultades motrices
Authors: Flores Tomalá Daniel Gregorio , Sánchez Espinoza David
Published: July 2022

La incorporación de dispositivos electrónicos con características de automatización y control, se emplean diariamente para mejorar la vida de las personas, especialmente en el hogar, en este caso se aplica a personas con dificultades motrices. El objetivo de esta investigación fue la creación de un prototipo que funciona mediante comando de voz empleando el dispositivo Alexa, el cual cuenta con un Arduino para el control de las funciones elementales, cuyo envío/recepción de datos lo hace empleando conexión Wi-Fi. Como fundamento metodológico se utilizó la encuesta como una técnica de recolección de datos y entrevistas a las personas con dificultad motriz para determinar las actividades mínimas a realizar por el sistema domótico; una vez implementado el proyecto se determina el nivel de aceptación. Los resultados reflejan que, el sistema de comando de voz implementado obtuvo un 93,2 % de efectividad en las pruebas de funcionamiento y las encuestas muestran una aceptación del 64 % de las personas están satisfechas con el proyecto.
Optimización energética en variadores de frecuencia de los bloques 16 y 67 del Oriente ecuatoriano
Authors: Nastacuas Cuichan Maximo Henry , Reyes Neira Christian Armando , Ramirez Chavez Italo Javier , Rodríguez  Reyes Angelo Denilson , Vergara Murillo Marco Antonio , Panchi Quintana David Sebastian
Published: July 2022

El bombeo electrosumergible es un método de levantamiento artificial, que se implementa en pozos de baja presión, en el cual se suministra energía eléctrica de superficie al motor y bomba del subsuelo. Las mediciones de calidad de energía registran una elevada distorsión armónica ocasionada por la potencia reactiva, debido a que los equipos de superficie consumen energía y no generan trabajo útil o calor. Esta investigación comprende el análisis del funcionamiento los variadores de frecuencia, conocidos como VSDs, potencia y distorsión armónica del transformador de los pozos A1, A2 Y A3. Se realizó una simulación del sistema bombeo electrosumergible, donde se obtuvo los parámetros eléctricos requeridos en los equipos de superficie. Además, se modeló el sistema eléctrico para contrastar el análisis llevado a cabo en este proyecto. Mediante el análisis económico se confirmó que utilizando los parámetros eléctricos adecuados por el equipo de superficie se obtiene un ahorro económico significativo.
Current concepts of neuroendocrine cancer of the prostate: a clinical case and review of the literature
Authors: Chizh Grigoriy A. , Tyutrina Yuliya A. , Protsenko Svetlana A. , Dzhelialov Ernest S. , Latipova Dilorom H.
Published: July 2022

Prostate cancer (PC) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that differ in their biological nature, clinical manifestations, and prognosis. A special variant among them is a neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). NEPC is a rare disease with unfavorable prognosis. The majority of patients with different NEPC variants die within 2 years after the diagnosis, despite the performed treatment. The distinctive features of NEPC are the patterns of metastasis in the form of a tendency to involve internal organs and extra regional lymph nodes, lytic bone lesions; high rates (up to 6 months) of clinical and radiological disease progression against the background of androgen-deprivation therapy; expression of serological markers and their high content in peripheral blood. The reasons of the aggressive behavior of NEPC consists in molecular and genetic events in cells, leading to realization of androgen-independent mechanisms of proliferation as a result of the AURKA-mediated neuroendocrine differentiation of tumor cells, early loss of function of p53 and Rb1 oncosuppressors, and low expression of androgen receptors. In every tenth case of NEPC, these molecular changes are response of prostatic adenocarcinoma to androgen-deprivation therapy. The described clinical case demonstrates the differences of biological behavior of these cancer variants and their sensitivity to various variants of drug treatment. Our case also illustrates possible difficulties of differential diagnostics of prostatic adenocarcinoma with various variants of neuroendocrine cancer, especially with adenocarcinoma with foci of neuroendocrine differentiation. The complexity of management of patients with NEPC are exacerbated by insufficient coverage of this problem: the existing data on the management of patients suffering from various variants of NEPC are limited by descriptions of clinical cases, literature reviews and few phases III clinical studies. All this makes it necessary to thoroughly study and describe each case of NEPC.
Transthoracic biopsy under the control of computed tomography as a method of differential diagnosis of nodular neoplasms of the lung in outpatient settings: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Perepelevskiy Alexandr N. , Stanojevic Ugljesa S. , Lazarenko Viktor A. , Grebenkin Egor N. , Sumina Olga E.
Published: July 2022

Background. Morphological verification of central and peripheral focal lung neoplasms is a difficult task for modern minimally invasive methods of differential diagnosis. The use of transthoracic trepanobiopsy of lung neoplasms under the control of computed tomography (CT) allows you to obtain informative, histological material and make a correct diagnosis.
Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the possibility and safety of performing transthoracic trepanobiopsy of lung tumors under the control of CT in patients who are on an outpatient appointment in a third-level institution in order to obtain informative histological material.
Materials and methods. From January 2020 to April 2021, 65 patients underwent transthoracic trepanobiopsy of focal lung neoplasms under the control of CT on an outpatient basis in the polyclinic department of the Ostroverkhov Kursk Cancer Research and Clinical Center.
Results. The average time spent on performing a biopsy, with preliminary marking under CT control, was 15.14.5 minutes. In 2 (3.1%) cases, the morphological material was uninformative. The informativeness of the performed trepanobiopsies for the verification of the lung tumor process was 96.9%. Complications were observed in 5 (7.6%) patients: pneumothorax in 4 (6.1%), hemoptysis in 1 (1.5%). Pneumothorax occurred mainly in patients aged 5567 years.
Conclusion. The used method of transthoracic lung trepanobiopsy under CT control should be used in outpatient settings of third-level institutions for morphological confirmation of the diagnosis, since it is safe and highly informative for patients, which is confirmed by a low percentage of complications (7.6%) and allows for differential diagnosis of focal lung neoplasms at the pre-hospital stage.
Prospects for the treatment of neurofibromatosis type 1: A review
Authors: Mustafin Rustam N.
Published: July 2022

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary tumor syndrome with a prevalence of 1:3000 in human population. About 50% of NF1 cases are sporadic due to newly emerging germline mutations in NF1 gene. Protein product of NF1 is a neurofibromin, which inhibits RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK system. The prevalence of NF1 is increasing as patients are fertile. Therefore, it is important to use rapid diagnostic methods for NF1 mutations in NF1 families for prenatal prophylaxis. Mutations in NF1 gene play roles in sporadic carcinogenesis and in development of cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Specific for NF1 are multiple subcutaneous and cutaneous neurofibromas, age spots, skeletal abnormalities, mental retardation, tumors of the brain and optic nerves. Half of patients with NF1 develop plexiform neurofibromas, which disfigure them or compress vital organs. The difficulty in treating NF1 is due to involvement of immune system, since a large number of degranulating mast cells are found in neurofibromas. Mast cells secrete cytokines that dont provide a proper anti-tumor immune response, but initiate formation and growth of new neurofibromas. Therefore, long-term administration of ketotiphen was proposed for treatment of NF1 patients. Surgical removal of neurofibromas causes relapses and induction of the growth of new tumors; therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective therapy for NF1. The effectiveness of complex therapy of NF1 with use of ketotiphen, Lydase and Aevit, as well as monotherapy with an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase, has been described. For widespread clinical implementation of these methods, it is necessary to conduct studies on large sample of patients, as well as to make medicines available for patients. Gene therapy may become promising in the treatment of NF1, which requires identification of the type of mutation in NF1 gene in each individual and the use of specific microRNAs.
Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, myosteatosis as factors of poor prognosis in gastrointestinal tract tumors: sistematic review
Authors: Lyadov Vladimir K. , Dikova Tatyana S. , Zatsepina Alina Yu. , Ivashchenko Dmitrii V.
Published: July 2022

Background. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer includes a broad spectrum of tumors with generally high prevalence and poor prognosis. Over the past decade sarcopenia (skeletal muscle depletion), myosteatosis, sarcopenic obesity were all shown to have a negative prognostic impact in patients with various malignancies. However, the role of myosteatosis in patients with GI tumors remains controversial.
Aim. To summarize recent literature regarding the impact of myosteatosis on the surgical treatment of patients with GI malignancies.
Materials and methods. PubMed, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant original studies published between Jan. 2011 and Dec. 2021. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
Results. 34 studies comprising 15 295 patients were included. Patients with myosteatosis had significantly poorer overall survival (hazard ratio 0,506, 95% confidence interval 0,4310,595; p0,05). There was no significant influence of myosteatosis on recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio 0,658, 95% confidence interval 0,3891,112; p0,05). Myosteatosis was significantly associated with the occurrence of major postoperative complications in 6 studies. However, only 3 studies supported the impact of myosteatosis on mortality.
Conclusion. This meta-analysis demonstrates that patients with preoperative myosteatosis have poor long-term survival following treatment for GI malignancy. Therefore, myosteatosis might be used as a prognostic tool. However, more studies with standardized definitions and cut-offs are required.
BULAVIN UPRISING RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE HISTORIOG-RAPHY: THE TESTING OF ITS’ SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Authors: Усенко Олег Григорьевич
Published: July 2022

В статье анализируются русскоязычные публикации, посвященные Булавинскому восстанию. Основой анализа является системный подход, который требует изучения восстания по 14 параметрам (предпосылки, причины, повод, участники и союзники, идеология, дополнительные мотивы участников и союзников, предводитель, хронологические рамки и этапы, географические рамки и районирование, деяния восставших, действия их врагов и властей, итоги, причины поражения, последствия). Исследование показало, что Булавинщина изучена неравномерно и что каждый её аспект является предметом обсуждения. Кроме того, стало ясно, что дальнейшее изучение восстания будет эффективным лишь при отказе от недостоверных историографических заявлений. Имеются в виду заявления, которые не были проверены путем сравнения с первичными источниками.

The article is an analysis of Russian-language publications devoted to the uprising that began under the leadership of K.A. Bulavin in 1707 in the Don Cossacks Region.. The basis of the analysis is a systematic approach that requires studying the uprising in 14 aspects (parameters). The conducted research has shown that the Bulavin uprising has been studied unevenly and that every aspect of it is the subject of discussion. In addition, the author concluded that further study of the Bulavin uprising will be effective if a researcher refuses unreliable historiographical declarations. This refers to declarations that have not been verified by comparison to primary sources.
NON-INTERFERENCE IN THE FAMILY OR ENFORCEMENT OF THE RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES: GROUNDS AND PRIORITIES
Authors: Ильина Ольга Юрьевна
Published: July 2022

Автор исследует некоторые примеры правоприменительной практики с целью выявления оснований и правовых последствий вмешательства третьих лиц в дела семьи. Отмечается значение правового статуса субъекта, намеревающегося установить или опровергнуть семейно-правовые связи, подчеркивается необходимость гармонизации частных интересов представителей разных семей.

The author explores some examples of law enforcement practice in order to identify the grounds and legal consequences of third parties' interference in family affairs. The importance of the legal status of a subject intending to establish or refute family legal ties is noted, the need to harmonize the private interests of representatives of different families is emphasized.