bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gully formation in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: multiple sources of water, temporal sequence and relative importance in gully erosion and deposition processes
Authors: Dickson James L. , Head James W. , Levy Joseph S. , Morgan Gareth A. , Marchant David R.
Published: December 2017

We report on a decade of fieldwork designed to determine the conditions required for erosion of Mars-like gully channels in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of Antarctica. We have outlined the major factors in the morphological evolution of gullies in the Inland Mixed Zone of the MDV: (1) the distribution of ice sources; (2) the temporal aspects of ice melting; and (3) the relative significance of melting events in gullies. We show that significant erosion of gully channels can be achieved if geometrical and environmental conditions combine to concentrate ice where it can rapidly melt. In contrast, annual melting of surface ice and snow deposits during late-season discharge events contribute to transport of water, but flux rarely surpasses the infiltration capacity of the active layer. These small discharge events do not erode channels of significant width. Even when the flux is sufficient to carve a
c.
10–20 cm deep channel during late summer (January–February) runoff, these small channels seldom persist through multiple seasons, because they are seasonally muted and filled with aeolian deposits. We briefly discuss the application of these results to the study of gully systems on Mars.
Do skeletal muscle-secreted factors influence the function of pancreatic β-cells?
Authors: Barlow Jonathan P. , Solomon Thomas P.
Published: December 2017

Skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ that secretes a variety of compounds including proteins (myokines), metabolites, microRNAs (miRNAs), and exosomes, many of which are regulated by exercise and play important roles in endocrine signaling. Interorgan communication via muscle-secreted factors therefore provides a novel area for investigation and implicates the importance of skeletal muscle in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Given that underlying molecular mechanisms of T2D are subject of ongoing research, in light of new evidence it is probable that interorgan cross-talk between skeletal muscle and pancreatic β-cells plays an important part. To date, the number of studies published in this field provide the basis of this review. Specifically, we discuss current experimental evidence in support for a role of skeletal muscle to β-cell cross-talk, paying particular attention to muscle-secreted factors including myokines, metabolites, miRNAs, and factors contained within exosomes that influence the function and/or the survival of β-cells in health and disease. In reviewing this evidence, we provide an update on the list of known muscle-secreted factors that have potential to influence the function and/or survival of β-cells under normal and diabetic conditions. We also report limitations of current cross-talk methods and discuss future directions in this growing field.
A Synthetic Material to Simulate Soft Rocks and Its Applications for Model Studies of Socketed Piles
Authors: Mei Can , Fang Qing , Luo Haowei , Yin Jiangang , Fu Xudong
Published: December 2017

A detailed manufacturing procedure of a synthetic soft rock is presented, as well as its applications on the laboratory experiments of socketed piles. With the homogeneity and isotropy of the simulated soft rock, the influence of different variables on the bearing performance could be investigated independently. The constituents, cement, gypsum powder, river sand, concrete-hardening accelerator, and water, were mixed to form the specimens. Both uniaxial and triaxial compressive tests were conducted to investigate the stress-strain behavior of the simulated soft rock. Additionally, the simulated soft rock specimens were used in model pile tests and simple shear tests of the pile-rock interface. Results of the simulated soft rock in both the uniaxial and triaxial compressive tests are consistent with those of natural soft rocks. The concrete-hardening accelerator added to the mixtures improves the efficiency in laboratory investigations of soft rock specimens with a curing time of 7 days. The similarities between the laboratory tests and the field observations provide convincing evidence to support its suitability in modeling the behavior of soft rocks.
Postherpetic Neuralgia and Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Feller L. , Khammissa R. A. G. , Fourie J. , Bouckaert M. , Lemmer J.
Published: December 2017

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is an unpredictable complication of varicella zoster virus- (VZV-) induced herpes zoster (HZ) which often occurs in elderly and immunocompromised persons and which can induce psychosocial dysfunction and can negatively impact on quality of life. Preventive options for PHN include vaccination of high-risk persons against HZ, early use of antiviral agents, and robust management of pain during the early stage of acute herpes zoster. If it does occur, PHN may persist for months or even years after resolution of the HZ mucocutaneous eruptions, and treatment is often only partially effective. Classical trigeminal neuralgia is a severe orofacial neuropathic pain condition characterized by unilateral, brief but recurrent, lancinating paroxysmal pain confined to the distribution of one or more of the branches of the trigeminal nerve. It may be idiopathic or causally associated with vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve root. The anticonvulsive agents, carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine, constitute the first-line treatment. Microvascular decompression or ablative procedures should be considered when pharmacotherapy is ineffective or intolerable. The aim of this short review is briefly to discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment of PHN and classical trigeminal neuralgia.
Observational and Simulative Study of a Local Severe Precipitation Event Caused by a Cold Vortex over Northeast China
Authors: Liu Ying , Liang Zhaoming , Li Yupeng
Published: December 2017

A severe precipitation event around Changchun-Yongji in Jilin Province, China, during 27–29 July 2010 was investigated, with a focus on the comparative analysis of 2 heavy precipitation episodes. This was done using NCEP gridded analysis data, intensive surface observations, and radar and satellite measurements. The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model was used to simulate the precipitation process and explore mechanisms for the development and dissipation of the severe precipitation event. Precipitation in the first stage was induced by the convergence of northwesterly winds at the rear of the cold vortex and southwesterly winds that reached the rainfall region. However, in the second stage, because of the blockage caused by Changbai Mountain, winds at the bottom of the cold vortex turned from the northwest to the northeast. These winds strongly converged with the southwesterly winds and continuously triggered new convective clouds, which were associated with cold centers at the surface. The intensity of the cold center modulated the strength of the convective cells and resulting precipitation quantity. Furthermore, the local terrain features and direction of the motion of the airflows were critical in triggering convection.
The Tissue-Selective Estrogen Complex (Bazedoxifene/Conjugated Estrogens) for the Treatment of Menopause
Authors: Lello Stefano , Capozzi Anna , Scambia Giovanni
Published: December 2017

The tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) pairs conjugated estrogens (CE) with a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), bazedoxifene acetate (BZA). A 2-year treatment with the TSEC improved vasomotor symptoms, quality of life, and vaginal atrophy in healthy postmenopausal women. In addition, the TSEC prevented vertebral and hip bone loss without increasing mammographic density, breast tenderness, the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or venous thromboembolism. Finally, the BZA 20 mg/CE 0.45 mg dose did not increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia. Based on these findings, the TSEC can be considered as a first-line treatment for symptomatic postmenopausal women.
Vehicle Detection Based on Deep Dual-Vehicle Deformable Part Models
Authors: Cai Yingfeng , Liu Ze , Sun Xiaoqiang , Chen Long , Wang Hai , Zhang Yong
Published: December 2017

Vehicle detection plays an important role in safe driving assistance technology. Due to the high accuracy and good efficiency, the deformable part model is widely used in the field of vehicle detection. At present, the problem related to reduction of false positivity rate of partially obscured vehicles is very challenging in vehicle detection technology based on machine vision. In order to address the abovementioned issues, this paper proposes a deep vehicle detection algorithm based on the dual-vehicle deformable part model. The deep learning framework can be used for vehicle detection to solve the problem related to incomplete design and other issues. In this paper, the deep model is used for vehicle detection that consists of feature extraction, deformation processing, occlusion processing, and classifier training using the back propagation (BP) algorithm to enhance the potential synergistic interaction between various parts and to get more comprehensive vehicle characteristics. The experimental results have shown that proposed algorithm is superior to the existing detection algorithms in detection of partially shielded vehicles, and it ensures high detection efficiency while satisfying the real-time requirements of safe driving assistance technology.
The Feasibility of Xpert MTB/RIF Testing to Detect Rifampicin Resistance among Childhood Tuberculosis for Prevalence Surveys in Northern China
Authors: Lu Jie , Li Huimin , Dong Fang , Shi Jin , Yang Hui , Han Shujing , Chu Ping , Zhao Yanlin , Song Wenqi , Guo Yongli , Zhao Shunying
Published: December 2017

Drug resistance surveillance is crucial for control of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). However, limited data exists on the burden of drug-resistant TB in children. The goal of this work was to generate prevalence data regarding rifampicin- (RIF-) resistant childhood TB in northern China and to test the feasibility of Xpert for surveying pediatric TB drug resistance prevalence. We enrolled 362 clinically diagnosed childhood TB patients and collected sputum, gastric lavage aspirate (GLA), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples. Xpert and solid culture were utilized to detect RIF resistance. The detection rate of Xpert-positive TB among new clinically diagnosed TB cases was 38.4% (139/362), significantly higher than that of solid culture-positive TB (16.3%, 59/362, P<0.01). Notably, Xpert-positive rates differed significantly by sample type, with the highest positive rate for GLA (51.2%). The unit testing costs per RIF-resistant TB patient were $828.41 for solid culture and $761.86 for Xpert. Our data demonstrate that the prevalence of RIF resistance among childhood TB cases in our study (6.9%) is comparable to the national RIF resistance prevalence level of new cases (6.7%). In addition, Xpert is superior to the solid culture for RIF resistance survey in the childhood TB patients.
Tongluo Zhitong Prescription Alleviates Allodynia, Hyperalgesia, and Dyskinesia in the Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Rats
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Wang Jianwei , Qin Lihua , Zhang Weiguang
Published: December 2017

Neuropathic pain is common in clinical practice. Exploration of new drug therapeutics has always been carried out for more satisfactory effects and fewer side‐effects. In the present study, we aimed to investigate effects of Tongluo Zhitong Prescription (TZP), a compounded Chinese medicine description, on neuropathic pain model of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI). The CCI model was established by loosely ligating sciatic nerve with catgut suture, proximal to its trifurcation. The static and dynamic allodynia, heat hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, and gait were assessed. Our results showed that TZP alleviated CCI‐induced static and dynamic allodynia, suppressed heat hyperalgesia and cold and mechanical allodynia, and improved gait function. These results suggest that TZP could alleviate neuropathic pain. Further experiments are needed to explore its mechanisms.
Improvement of Network Performance by In-Vehicle Routing Using Floating Car Data
Authors: Klunder Gerdien A. , Taale Henk , Kester Leon , Hoogendoorn Serge
Published: December 2017

This paper describes a study which gives insight into the size of improvement that is possible with individual in-car routing advice based on the actual traffic situation derived from floating car data (FCD). It also gives an idea about the required penetration rate of floating car data needed to achieve a certain degree of improvement. The study uses real loop detector data from the region of Amsterdam collected for over a year, a route generating algorithm for in-car routing advice, and emulated floating car data to generate the routing advice. The case with in-car routing advice has been compared to the base case, where drivers base their routing decisions on average knowledge of travel times in the network. The improvement in total delay using the in-vehicle system is dependent on penetration rate and accuracy of the floating car data and varies from 2.0% to 3.4% for 10% penetration rate. This leads to yearly savings of about 15 million euros if delay is monetarised using standard prices for value of time (VOT).
Trusted Service Scheduling and Optimization Strategy Design of Service Recommendation
Authors: Xia Xiaona , Yu Jiguo , Zhang Shanshan , Wu Shu
Published: December 2017

More and more Web services raise the demands of personalized service recommendation; there exist some recommendation technologies, which improve the qualities of service recommendation by using service ranking and collaborative filtering. However, privacy and security are also important issues in service scheduling process; social relationships have been the key factors of interpersonal communication; service selection based on user preferences has become an inevitable trend. Starting from user demand preferences, this paper analyzes social topology and service demand information and obtains trusted social relationships; then we construct the fusion model of service historical preferences and potential ones; according to social service recommendation demands, TSRSR algorithm has completed designing. Through experiments, TSRSR algorithm is much better than the others, which can effectively improve potential preferences’ learning. Furthermore, the research results of this paper have more significance to study the security and privacy of service recommendation.
Investigation into the Application of Construction and Demolition Waste in Urban Roads
Authors: Li Youyun , Zhou Hui , Su Linjian , Hou Hang , Dang Li
Published: December 2017

The recycling and reuse of waste materials is a topic of global concern and great international interest for those interested in sustainable development and protecting the environment. In recent decades, global production of construction and demolition waste (C&D waste) has significantly increased and became a worldwide problem. This research proposes to evaluate the feasibility of using aggregate from recycled C&D waste for urban road embankment applications based on the Sanhuan road construction project in eastern Xi’an. An extensive suite of laboratory and field compaction tests were carried out to determine the physical properties and engineering characteristics of the C&D waste. The effect of curing on the strength of the C&D waste was investigated using unconfined compression strength (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR), and deflection tests. The results show that the C&D waste has the characteristics of high strength and significant stability after simple treatment and further suggest that the use of these materials for paving urban road embankments is feasible. This study is of value for the reasonable and effective promotion of using C&D waste recycled materials in road subgrade applications.
Etk Interaction with PFKFB4 Modulates Chemoresistance of Small-cell Lung Cancer by Regulating Autophagy
Authors: Wang Qiongyao , Zeng Fanrui , Sun Yanqin , Qiu Qianqian , Zhang Jian , Huang Weimei , Huang Jie , Huang Xiaomin , Guo Linlang
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Epithelial and endothelial tyrosine kinase (Etk), also known as bone marrow X kinase (Bmx), was found to be critical in modulating the chemoresistance of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) in our preliminary study. However, the molecular mechanisms of Etk in SCLC chemoresistance remain poorly understood.

Experimental Design: We determined correlation of Etk with autophagy in SCLC. And direct inhibition of autophagy was performed to validate its effect on chemoresistance. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and GST-pull down experiments were conducted to verify the interaction of Etk and PFKFB4, after a microarray analysis. In vitro and in vivo gain or loss-of-function analyses and evaluation of PFKFB4 expression in SCLC specimens, were done to validate its role in chemoresistance. Ibrutinib was administrated in SCLC cells to verify its synergistic anti-tumor effect with chemotherapy using preclinical models including a PDX model.

Results: Downregulation of Etk suppressed autophagy in chemoresistant SCLC cells, and direct inhibition of autophagy sensitized cells to chemotherapy. PFKFB4 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4) was identified as a downstream target of Etk and an Etk-interacting protein, which promoted chemoresistance in SCLC and was associated with poor therapeutic response and prognosis. Furthermore, ibrutinib was found to exhibit a synergistic anti-tumor effect with chemotherapy in targeting Etk.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated for the first time that Etk interacts with PFKFB4 to promote SCLC chemoresistance through regulation of autophagy. Aberrant Etk and PFKFB4 can be predictive factors for the chemotherapy response as well as potential therapeutic targets in SCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 950–62. ©2017 AACR.
A Polymorphism within the Vitamin D Transporter Gene Predicts Outcome in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with FOLFIRI/Bevacizumab or FOLFIRI/Cetuximab
Authors: Berger Martin D. , Stintzing Sebastian , Heinemann Volker , Cao Shu , Yang Dongyun , Sunakawa Yu , Matsusaka Satoshi , Ning Yan , Okazaki Satoshi , Miyamoto Yuji , Suenaga Mitsukuni , Schirripa Marta , Hanna Diana L. , Soni Shivani , Puccini Alberto , Zhang Wu , Cremolini Chiara , Falcone Alfredo , Loupakis Fotios , Lenz Heinz-Josef
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Vitamin D exerts its inhibitory influence on colon cancer growth by inhibiting Wnt signaling and angiogenesis. We hypothesized that SNPs in genes involved in vitamin D transport, metabolism, and signaling are associated with outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients treated with first-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab.

Experimental Design: 522 mCRC patients enrolled in the FIRE-3 (discovery cohort) and TRIBE (validation set) trials treated with FOLFIRI/bevacizumab were included in this study. 278 patients receiving FOLFIRI and cetuximab (FIRE-3) served as a control cohort. Six SNPs in 6 genes (GC, CYP24A1, CYP27B1, VDR, DKK1, CST5) were analyzed.

Results: In the discovery cohort, AA carriers of the GC rs4588 SNP encoding for the vitamin D–binding protein, and treated with FOLFIRI/bevacizumab had a shorter overall survival (OS) than those harboring any C allele (15.9 vs. 25.1 months) in both univariable (P = 0.001) and multivariable analyses (P = 0.047). This association was confirmed in the validation cohort in multivariable analysis (OS 18.1 vs. 26.2 months, HR, 1.83; P = 0.037). Interestingly, AA carriers in the control set exhibited a longer OS (48.0 vs. 25.2 months, HR, 0.50; P = 0.021). This association was further confirmed in a second validation cohort comprising refractory mCRC patients treated with cetuximab ± irinotecan (PFS 8.7 vs. 3.7 months) in univariable (P = 0.033) and multivariable analyses (P = 0.046).

Conclusions: GC rs4588 SNP might serve as a predictive marker in mCRC patients treated with FOLFIRI/bevacizumab or FOLFIRI/cetuximab. Whereas AA carriers derive a survival benefit with FOLFIRI/cetuximab, treatment with FOLFIRI/bevacizumab is associated with a worse outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 784–93. ©2017 AACR.
Vimentin Is Required for Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis via Heterotypic Tumor Cell–Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Interactions during Collective Invasion
Authors: Richardson Alessandra M. , Havel Lauren S. , Koyen Allyson E. , Konen Jessica M. , Shupe John , Wiles W.G. , Martin W. David , Grossniklaus Hans E. , Sica Gabriel , Gilbert-Ross Melissa , Marcus Adam I.
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Vimentin is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarker and intermediate filament protein that functions during cell migration to maintain structure and motility. Despite the abundance of clinical data linking vimentin to poor patient outcome, it is unclear if vimentin is required for metastasis or is a correlative biomarker. We developed a novel genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) to probe vimentin in lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.

Experimental Design: We used the LSL-KrasG12D/Lkb1fl/fl/Vim−/− model (KLV−/−), which incorporates a whole-body knockout of vimentin and is derived from the Cre-dependent LSL-KrasG12D/Lkb1fl/fl model (KLV+/+). We compared the metastatic phenotypes of the GEMMs and analyzed primary tumors from the KLV models and lung adenocarcinoma patients to assess vimentin expression and function.

Results: Characterization of KLV+/+ and KLV−/− mice shows that although vimentin is not required for primary lung tumor growth, vimentin is required for metastasis, and vimentin loss generates lower grade primary tumors. Interestingly, in the KLV+/+ mice, vimentin was not expressed in tumor cells but in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) surrounding collective invasion packs (CIPs) of epithelial tumor cells, with significantly less CIPs in KLV−/− mice. CIPs correlate with tumor grade and are vimentin-negative and E-cadherin–positive, indicating a lack of cancer cell EMT. A similar heterotypic staining pattern was observed in human lung adenocarcinoma samples. In vitro studies show that vimentin is required for CAF motility to lead tumor cell invasion, supporting a vimentin-dependent model of collective invasion.

Conclusions: These data show that vimentin is required for lung adenocarcinoma metastasis by maintaining heterotypic tumor cell–CAF interactions during collective invasion. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 420–32. ©2017 AACR.
Losers of Primary Cilia Gain the Benefit of Survival
Authors: Goranci-Buzhala Gladiola , Gabriel Elke , Mariappan Aruljothi , Gopalakrishnan Jay
Published: December 2017

Summary: In this issue, Zhao and colleagues demonstrate that loss of primary cilia in medulloblastoma cells confers resistance to the Smoothened (SMO) inhibitor sonidegib. When treated with sonidegib, medulloblastoma cells lost their cilia and gained resistance. Surprisingly, loss of cilia is associated with recurrent mutations in ciliogenesis genes that are eventually able to drive drug resistance. These findings uncover a previously unknown mechanism of cancer cells in gaining a “persister-like” state against anticancer agents at the expense of losing primary cilia. Cancer Discov; 7(12); 1374–5. ©2017 AACR.

See related article by Zhao et al., p. 1436.
Polymorphisms in Nonamelogenin Enamel Matrix Genes Are Associated with Dental Fluorosis
Authors: Küchler Erika Calvano , Dea Bruzamolin Carolina , Ayumi Omori Marjorie , Costa Marcelo C. , Antunes Leonardo Santos , Pecharki Giovana Daniela , Trevilatto Paula Cristina , Vieira Alexandre Rezende , Brancher João Armando
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms in AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TFIP11, and TUFT1 genes are associated with dental fluorosis (DF). A total of 1,017 children from 2 Brazilian cohorts were evaluated. These populations lived in cities with fluoridation of public water supplies. DF was assessed in erupted permanent teeth using the modified Dean index. The polymorphisms rs946252, rs12640848, rs4694075, rs5997096, and rs4970957 were analyzed by real-time PCR from genomic DNA. Associations between DF, genotype, and allele distribution were evaluated using the χ2 test, with an alpha of 5%. The polymorphisms rs4694075, rs5997096, and rs4970957 in AMBN, TFIP11, and TUFT1 were associated with DF (p < 0.05). In conclusion, enamel matrix genes are associated with DF.
Cumulative Effect of Obesogenic Behaviours on Adiposity in Spanish Children and Adolescents
Authors: Schröder Helmut , Bawaked Rowaedh Ahmed , Ribas-Barba Lourdes , Izquierdo-Pulido Maria , Roman-Viñas Blanca , Fíto Montserrat , Serra-Majem Lluis
Published: December 2017

Objective: Little is known about the cumulative effect of obesogenic behaviours on childhood obesity risk. We determined the cumulative effect on BMI z-score, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), overweight and abdominal obesity of four lifestyle behaviours that have been linked to obesity. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, data were obtained from the EnKid sudy, a representative sample of Spanish youth. The study included 1,614 boys and girls aged 5-18 years. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Physical activity (PA), screen time, breakfast consumption and meal frequency were self-reported on structured questionnaires. Obesogenic behaviours were defined as <1 h PA/day, ≥2 h/day screen time, skipping breakfast and <3 meals/day. BMI z-score was computed using age- and sex-specific reference values from the World Health Organization (WHO). Overweight including obesity was defined as a BMI > 1 SD from the mean of the WHO reference population. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WHtR ≥ 0.5. Results: High screen time was the most prominent obesogenic behaviour (49.7%), followed by low physical activity (22.4%), low meal frequency (14.4%), and skipping breakfast (12.5%). Although 33% of participants were free of all 4 obesogenic behaviours, 1, 2, and 3 or 4 behaviours were reported by 44.5%, 19.3%, and 5.0%, respectively. BMI z-score and WHtR were positively associated (p < 0.001) with increasing numbers of concurrent obesogenic behaviours. The odds of presenting with obesogenic behaviours were significantly higher in children who were overweight (OR 2.68; 95% CI 1.50; 4.80) or had abdominal obesity (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.28; 3.52); they reported more than 2 obesogenic behaviours. High maternal and parental education was inversely associated (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively) with increasing presence of obesogenic behaviours. Surrogate markers of adiposity increased with numbers of concurrent presence of obesogenic behaviours. The opposite was true for high maternal and paternal education.
Lacrimal Caruncle Nevus with Papilloma
Authors: Ishikawa Eri , Sabundayo Maria Suzanne , Takahashi Yasuhiro , Kakizaki Hirohiko
Published: December 2017

Purpose: The aim of this article is to report a case of lacrimal caruncle nevus with papilloma. Methods: This is a case report of a 39-year-old female with a progressively enlarging pigmented lesion on the left lacrimal caruncle. She had been aware of a raised whitish wart on the top of this pigmented lesion for several months before her initial visit. Slit lamp examination revealed a papillomatous lesion over a well-circumscribed, pigmented lesion on the left lacrimal caruncle. Results: The histopathological examination of the excised tumor disclosed 2 characteristic findings, which include nests of nevus cells within the dermis and papillomatous structures which had fibrovascular cores overlying squamous cell epithelia with variable levels of acanthosis. The findings were consistent with an intradermal nevus and a papilloma arising from the conjunctival epithelium of the nevus. Conclusion: This is the first case report of a lacrimal caruncle nevus with papilloma. The clinical history and pathological findings of this case underscore the fact that an intradermal nevus primarily occurred on the lacrimal caruncle, after which a papilloma arose from the epithelium of the nevus as a consequence of human papillomavirus autoinoculation.
Instrumentalization of Eating Improves Weight Loss Maintenance in Obesity
Authors: Christensen Bodil Just , Iepsen Eva Winning , Lundgren Julie , Holm Lotte , Madsbad Sten , Holst Jens Juul , Torekov Signe Sørensen
Published: December 2017

Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify psychosocial determinants for maintaining weight loss. Methods: 42 obese individuals who achieved a 12% weight loss before entering a 52-week weight maintenance program were interviewed qualitatively. Psychosocial factors related to weight loss maintenance were identified in two contrasting groups: weight reducers and weight regainers. Groups were defined by health-relevant weight maintenance (additional weight loss > 3% at week 52, n = 9 versus weight gain > 3%, at week 52, n = 20). Results: Weight reducers reported structured meal patterns (p = 0.008), no comfort eating (p = 0.016) and less psychosocial stress (p = 0.04) compared to weight regainers. The ability to instrumentalize eating behavior emerged as an important factor (p = 0.007). Nutritional knowledge, motivation or exercise level did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Successful weight loss maintenance was associated with an interplay between behavioral, affective and contextual changes. ‘Instrumentalization of eating behavior' seems to be an important element in long-term weight maintenance.
Thoracic Changes after Full Laser Ablation of the Feeding Artery in Fetuses with Bronchopulmonary Sequestration
Authors: Cruz-Martínez Rogelio , Nieto-Castro Belén , Martínez-Rodríguez Miguel , Gámez-Varela Alma , Ahumada-Angulo Edgar , Luna-García Jonahtan , Pineda-Pérez Maria José , Rebolledo-Fernández Carlos
Published: December 2017

Objective: To assess longitudinal intrathoracic changes after fetal laser surgery in fetuses with bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) with hydrops and/or hydrothorax. Study Design: The presence of intrafetal fluid effusions, the lung mass volume ratio (congenital pulmonary airway malformation volume ratio [CVR]), and the observed/expected lung-to-head circumference ratio (O/E-LHR) of both lungs were evaluated in a cohort of BPS fetuses with hydrops and/or hydrothorax treated with full laser ablation of the feeding artery (FLAFA). The longitudinal changes in intrafetal fluid effusions, lung mass volume, and pulmonary growth were analyzed by survival and multilevel analysis against days after FLAFA. Results: FLAFA was successfully performed in 15 cases at a median gestational age of 26.9 weeks. A complete disappearance of the hydrops and hydrothorax was observed a median interval of 7.5 and 21 days after the fetal intervention, respectively. A progressive decrease in the CVR and an increment in the size of both lungs were observed after FLAFA. The O/E-LHR of the lung contralateral and ipsilateral to the side of the BPS became normal on average 8 and 10 weeks after FLAFA, respectively. Conclusion: Fetal laser surgery with FLAFA promotes disappearance of all fetal fluid effusions, a lung mass regression sequence, and a normalization of pulmonary growth.
Tooth Extraction Locally Stimulates Proliferation of Multiple Myeloma in a Patient with Mandibular Localizations
Authors: Kün-Darbois Jean-Daniel , Quenel Léonie , Badja Smaïl , Chappard Daniel
Published: December 2017

Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the occurrence of osteolytic lesions. MM treatment usually involves antiresorptive drugs (mainly bisphosphonates). Case Report: A patient with an MM presented osteolytic lesions of the mandible. Extraction of teeth 45 and 46 was performed 5 years after the diagnosis of periodontitis. Four months later, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) was diagnosed at the extraction site. X-ray showed an extension of osteolytic lesions on the right side, close to the extraction site, without modification of the lesions on the left side. Two months later, a curettage was performed because of a painful bone sequestration. X-ray showed an extension of the osteolytic lesions on the right side. Results: Histological analysis found a vascularized plasmacytoma of the soft tissues around the ONJ. Analysis of the bone showed mixed lesions with osteonecrotic areas and living bone resorbed by active osteoclasts surrounding a plasmacytoma. The surface area of the osteolytic foci has considerably increased only close to the extraction site. Conclusions: Tooth extraction triggered an ONJ associated with bisphosphonate treatment. However, it also seemed to induce a considerable proliferation of plasma cells at the extraction site; we hypothesize that it is due to the increase in bone remodeling related to the surgical trauma.
Involvement of N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Receptor and DL-α-Amino-3-Hydroxy-5- Methyl-4-Isoxazole Propionic Acid Receptor in Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rb3 against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation-Induced Injury in Hippocampal Slices from Rat
Authors: Jiang Shan , Fang De-Fang , Chen Ying
Published: December 2017

Objective: Ginsenosides, Rb1 and Rb3, are the major protopanaxadiol components of ginseng saponin. In the present study, the influences of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rb3 on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor or DL-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated synaptic transmission after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) were investigated. Methods: NMDA receptor population spike (NMDA-PS) or AMPA receptor-mediated population spike (AMPA-PS) was recorded in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer of rat hippocampal slices by electrophysiological techniques. Results: Under normal conditions, ginsenosides Rb3 and Rb1 depressed glutamate receptors-mediated synaptic transmission. Fourteen min of OGD resulted in a poor recovery amplitude of NMDA-PS or AMPA-PS after reoxygenation. Ginsenoside Rb3 significantly delayed the appearance of transient recovery of PS during OGD, and improved the recovery amplitudes of NMDA-PS and AMPA-PS after reoxygenation. However, the similar protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 were observed only on NMDA-PS but not AMPA-PS. Conclusion: These results suggest that ginsenosides Rb1 and Rb3 have the different inhibitions on NMDA and AMPA receptors-mediated response, which may partially explain the different protective effects of these agents on ischemic neuronal death.
Adiponectin and Its Receptors Are Differentially Expressed in Human Tissues and Cell Lines of Distinct Origin
Authors: Jasinski-Bergner Simon , Büttner Maximilian , Quandt Dagmar , Seliger Barbara , Kielstein Heike
Published: December 2017

Background: Adiponectin is secreted by adipose tissue and exerts high abundance and an anti-inflammatory potential. However, only little information exists about the expression profiles of adiponectin and its recently identified receptor CDH13 in non-tumorous human tissues and their association to clinical parameters. Methods: The expression levels of adiponectin and CDH13 were analyzed in heart, liver, kidney, spleen, skin, blood vessels, peripheral nerve and bone marrow of 21 human body donors, in 12 human cell lines, and in purified immune effector cell populations of healthy blood donors by immunohistochemistry, Western-blot, and semi-quantitative PCR. The obtained results were then correlated to clinical parameters, including age, sex and known diseases like cardiovascular and renal diseases. Results: Adiponectin expression in renal corpuscles was significantly higher in humans with known renal diseases. A coordinated expression of adiponectin and CDH13 was observed in the myocard. High levels of adiponectin could be detected in the bone marrow, in certain lymphoid tumor cell lines and in purified immune effector cell populations of healthy donors, in particular in cytotoxic T cells. Conclusion: For the first time, the expression profiles of adiponectin and CDH13 are analyzed in many human tissues in correlation to each other and to clinical parameters.
Body Mass Index and Olfactory Fossa Depth in Patients with and without Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks
Authors: Ito Christopher J. , Reyes-Gelves Camilo , Perry Clayton , Kountakis Stilianos E.
Published: December 2017

Background/Aims: Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (SCSF) leaks are associated with a high body mass index (BMI) and an expanded skull base. The purpose of this study is to determine if a correlation exists between BMI and olfactory fossa depth (OFD) in patients with SCSF leaks and those without. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating the correlation between OFD and BMI in patients with and without SCSF leaks. OFD was measured on computed tomography obtained in temporal proximity to the BMI. Results: Patients with SCSF leaks had a deeper mean OFD than controls (6.39 vs. 5.46 mm, p = 0.013) and a larger BMI (38.2 vs. 30.5, p = 0.0003). Pearson correlation was positive between BMI and OFD in women from the control group (R = 0.319, n = 93, p = 0.002 on the left; R = 0.313, n = 93, p = 0.002 on the right) but insignificant in men. Conclusions: The olfactory fossa is deeper and the BMI higher in patients with SCSF leaks than in those without. Differences were statistically significant. Higher BMI may predict deeper olfactory fossa in women but not in men. These findings suggest expansion of weak points in the skull base as precursors to the development of SCSF leaks in response to elevated CSF pressures, particularly in women.
Characteristics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Aggressiveness Factors in Turkish Patients
Authors: Akkiz Hikmet , Carr Brian I. , Yalçın K. Kendal , Guerra Vito , Kuran Sedef , Altıntaş Engin , Üsküdar Oğuz , Karaoğullarından Ümit , Özakyol Ayşegül , Tokmak Salih , Yücesoy Mehmet , Bahçeci Halil İbrahim , Ülkü Abdulalh , Akçam Tolga , Yalçın Polat Kamil , Ekinci Nazım , Şimşek Halis , Örmeci Necati , Sonsuz Abdulalh , Demir Mehmet , Kılıç Murat , Uygun Ahmet , Ballı Tuğsan , Demir Ali , Arslan Burcu , Doran Figen
Published: December 2017

A large cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients from several collaborating Turkish institutions were examined for the tumor parameters of maximum diameter (MTD), portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. A relationship was found between MTD and blood platelet levels. Patients with large ≥5 cm tumors who had normal platelet levels had significantly larger tumors, higher percent of PVT, and significantly lower blood total bilirubin and liver cirrhosis than similar ≥5 cm tumor patients having thrombocytopenia. A comparison of patients with and without PVT showed significantly larger tumors, greater multifocality, blood AFP, and C-reactive protein levels, and, interestingly, lower HDL levels in the patients with PVT. Fifty-eight percent of the total cohort had AFP levels ≤100 IU/mL (and 42.1% had values ≤20 IU/mL). These patients had significantly smaller tumors, less tumor multifocality and percent PVT, lower total bilirubin, and less cirrhosis. There was considerable geographic heterogeneity within Turkey in the patterns of HCC presentation, with areas of higher and lower hepatitis B virus, hepatitis D virus, cirrhosis, and tumor aggressiveness parameters. Turkish patients thus have distinct patterns of presentation, but the biological relationships between MTD and both platelets and bilirubin levels are similar to the relationships that have been reported in other ethnic patient groups.
Sem pai, sem mãe
Authors: Couto Gustavo Belisário d'Araújo
Published: December 2017

Este artigo busca fazer uma análise de um capítulo do romance de JorgeAmado Capitães da Areia à luz das teorias do parentesco. A situação criada naobra entre as personagens Sem-Pernas e Dona Ester suscita uma discussão sobreo papel da criança nas relações familiares e, mais especificamente, nas relaçõesde filiação. Pensando a família a partir da ótica da personagem criança, a filiaçãopode ser entendida pela chave bourdiesiana da estratégia ou pela chave maussianada reciprocidade. Seja pela reciprocidade ou pela estratégia, a inegável agência dacriança na constituição de relações gera reflexões interessantes sobre o que significa ser pai ou mãe. A escrita de Jorge Amado convida a pensar as categorias mãe e pai menos como um ser e mais como um tornar-se.
Dançando estruturas: Lévi-Strauss, Alfred Gell e a dança contemporânea
Authors: Veiga Renato Jacques de Brito
Published: December 2017

O que a dança faz? O dançarino é quem pensa seu corpo ou é seu corpo que o pensa? Quantos corpos cabem num corpo, quantas pessoas podem ser um corpo? Qual corpo? Pode a dança ser considerada análoga à poesia, por transformar no corpo o que a poesia transforma na língua? Este ensaio é fruto da imersão etnográfica no universo dos ensaios do Núcleo Artérias, grupo de dança contemporânea da cidade de São Paulo dirigido pela coreógrafa Adriana Grechi. Meus interlocutores aqui, além de Adriana, são cinco dançarinas e duas obras de dança contemporânea, Fleshdance (2012) e Bananas (2013), cujos processos de criação acompanhei de cabo a rabo. A proporção teórica deste ensaio é fruto da leitura de dois autores em especial, Claude Lévi-Strauss e Alfred Gell, que me levam a pensar/propor uma abordagem estrutural como ponto de partida para se pensar a dança contemporânea.
Multiplicidades do movimento: um experimento etnográfico sobre duas caminhadas quilombolas
Authors: Alves Yara de Cássia , Costa Pedro Henrique Mourthé de Araújo
Published: December 2017

O objetivo central do artigo é analisar o movimento, nas diversas dimensõesque a categoria pode tomar, em dois contextos quilombolas: a comunidadeBrejo dos Crioulos e a comunidade Pinheiro, situadas no norte e nordestede Minas Gerais. Como ponto de conexão entre duas pesquisas e duas realidadessociais, o movimento se relaciona com tipos variados de conhecimento, dentreeles, o conhecimento político. Tentaremos explorar, como esses cotidianos sãopermeados por circulações de pessoas, animais, informações, notícias, ideias, papéis, ou seja, humanos e não humanos, e como essas circulações promovem umuniverso muito mais móvel que a burocracia estatal ou jurídica. Enveredando nasteias diárias de idas e vindas, pretendemos iluminar as lutas destes quilombolas,suas caminhadas e andanças, que se fazem em meio ao esforço de promoção dascausas de suas comunidades.
Por uma antropologia de varanda reversa: Etnografando um encontro entre índios e crianças em uma escola no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Fians Guilherme Moreira
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho se baseia na etnografia de um encontro entre criançasem uma escola no Rio de Janeiro e dois ex-moradores da Aldeia Maracanã. Umdos pontos centrais da proposta pedagógica dessa escola em questão é a “valorização da cultura brasileira”, levando em consideração suas diversas manifestações e invocando principalmente elementos de culturas indígenas. Como parte desse projeto, uma das iniciativas tomadas pela escola foi convidar dois defensores da causa indígena para “apresentarem seu povo e sua cultura” para as crianças do segundo ano do ensino fundamental. Minha intenção neste artigo é explorar as aproximações, os afastamentos e os questionamentos gerados durante esse contato – no qual, tal como em uma antropologia de varanda, os índios vêm até o meio dos brancos para explicar sua cultura.
A mobilização de refugiados e suas linguagens. Notas etnográficas sobre um campo de interlocução em transformação
Authors: Zelaya Silvia
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir, a partir de experiências etnográficas em eventos de visibilizacão e sensibilização da questão migratória na cidade de São Paulo, como as formas de mobilização política produzidas pelo Grupo de Refugiados e Imigrantes Sem Teto (Grist) podem ser vistas como cenários privilegiados para pensar o contexto migratório atual como um campo de interlocução em transformação. Entendo que para além da proposta de autorre- presentação, essas manifestações – desde rodas de conversa sobre a guerra na República Democrática do Congo até apresentações musicais em bares e restau- rantes, passando por palestras em bibliotecas e instituições educativas – podem estimular a construção de representações mais plurais e menos estereotipadas sobre os imigrantes bem como atitudes de enfrentamento crítico para outros grupos e comunidades de migrantes.
“Vende-se Pequi”: o vídeo como mediador de relações intergeracionais
Authors: Neves André Luís Lopes
Published: December 2017

Esse artigo propõe explorar algumas questões que surgiram a partir do processo de elaboração do curta-metragem “Vende-se Pequi”, uma produção compartilhada entre o próprio pesquisador e indígenas do povo Manoki, realizada durante oficinas de vídeo entre 2011 e 2013. A partir da descrição dos contextos de criação e seleção de técnicas e estéticas durante a elaboração do curta-metragem, analisa-se questões suscitadas pela presença da câmera: sobretudo como se constituem as relações intergeracionais entre os Manoki, marcadas por diferentes temporalidades e potencialmente mediadas pelo vídeo nas situações geradas pela própria oficina? Ao final propõe-se uma reflexão acerca dos processos de apropriação dos recursos audiovisuais, em sentido análogo a outras incorporações de predicativos exteriores tipicamente ameríndias.
Deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase e uso de primaquina: estimativa de custos de profissionais por macrocusteio e microcusteio
Authors: Peixoto Henry Maia , Brito Marcelo Augusto Mota , Romero Gustavo Adolfo Sierra , Monteiro Wuelton Marcelo , Lacerda Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de , Oliveira Maria Regina Fernandes de
Published: December 2017

A pesquisa teve por objetivo estudar se o macrocusteio, baseado no valor médio identificado no Sistema de Internação Hospitalar (SIH/SUS), constitui um bom estimador do custo de profissionais de saúde por paciente, tendo como comparação o método de microcusteio. O estudo foi desenvolvido no contexto da assistência hospitalar oferecida ao portador da deficiência de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase (dG6PD) do sexo masculino com evento adverso grave devido ao uso da primaquina, na Amazônia Brasileira. O macrocusteio baseado no gasto em serviços profissionais do SIH/SUS, como proxy desse custo, correspondeu a R$60,71, e o microcusteio, baseado nos salários do médico (R$30,43), do enfermeiro (R$16,33) e do técnico de enfermagem (R$5,93), estimou um custo total de R$52,68. A diferença foi de apenas R$8,03, mostrando que os valores pagos pela Autorização de Internação Hospitalar (AIH) são estimadores próximos daqueles obtidos por técnica de microcusteio para os profissionais envolvidos diretamente no cuidado