bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of atmospheric pollen with active remote sensing
Authors:   ,   Finnish Meteorological Institute, Bohlmann Stephanie
Published: September 2021

Atmospheric pollen is a well-known health threat causing allergy-related diseases. As a biogenic aerosol, pollen also affects the climate by directly absorbing and scattering solar radiation and by acting as cloud condensation or ice nuclei. A good understanding of pollen distribution and transport mechanisms is needed to evaluate the environmental and health impacts of pollen. However, pollen observations are usually performed close to ground and vertical information, which could be used to evaluate and improve pollen transport models, is widely missing. In this thesis, the applicability of lidar measurements to detect pollen in the atmosphere is investigated. For this purpose, measurements of the multiwavelength Raman polarization lidar PollyXT at the rural forest site in Vehmasmäki (Kuopio), Eastern Finland have been utilized. The depolarization ratio was identified to be the most valuable optical property for the detection of atmospheric pollen, as nonspherical pollen like pine and spruce pollen causes high depolarization ratios. However, detected depolarization ratios coincide with typical values for dusty mixtures and additional information such as backward trajectories need to be considered to ensure the absence of other depolarizing aerosols like dust. To separate pollen from background aerosol, a method to estimate the optical properties of pure pollen using lidar measurements was developed. Under the assumption that the Ångström exponent of pure pollen is zero, the depolarization ratio of pure pollen can be estimated. Depolarization ratios for birch and pine pollen at 355 and 532 nm were determined and suggested a wavelength dependence of the depolarization ratio. To further investigate this wavelength dependence, the possibility to use depolarization measurements of Halo Doppler lidars (1565 nm) was explored. In the lower troposphere, Halo Doppler lidars can provide reasonable depolarization values with comparable quality to PollyXT measurements. Finally, measurements of PollyXT and a Halo StreamLine Doppler lidar were used to determine the depolarization ratio at three wavelengths. A wavelength dependence of the particle depolarization ratio with maximum depolarization at 532 nm was found. This could be a characteristic feature of non-spherical pollen and the key to distinguish pollen from other depolarizing aerosol types.
EFECTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DE UN PROTOCOLO PARA PIE DIABÉTICO EN UN SERVICIO DE CIRUGÍA GENERAL.
Authors: Sellés Dechent Rafael , Coltell Zutoia Balciscueta , Gómez Inmaculada Torrijo , Alonso Carmen Muñoz
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: El fin principal en el paciente con pie diabético es evitar la amputación, por ello, este estudio pretendió analizar el efecto que produjo la instauración de un protocolo de actuación para el pie diabético en nuestro Departamento de Salud.Materiales y Métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo. Se evaluó la edad, el sexo, la tasa de amputaciones y re-amputaciones en el primer mes, la estancia media y la añadida por reingreso para reamputación, la solicitud de pruebas analíticas y radiológicas complementarias específicas (analítica de sangre completa con hemoglobina glicosilada y angioTC/RM/Doppler arterial de miembros inferiores), y pacientes derivados al centro de referencia para valorar revascularización. Todos estos datos se analizaron comparando los pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de pie diabético en el periodo previo a la implantación del protocolo (años 2010 a 2013), con los del periodo posterior (años 2014 a 2018).Resultados: Se compararon grupos homogéneos en cuanto a edad y sexo. El resultado del análisis fue una reducción estadísticamente significativa de la tasa de amputaciones (172 frente a 111, media de 22,2 +- 9,9), reamputaciones (41 frente a 15), y de reingreso (18 frente a 7) por mala evolución en el primer mes. No se encontraron cambios en el número de pruebas complementarias radiológicas realizadas, y el número de pacientes remitidos a hospital de referencia para valorar revascularización.Conclusiones: Dentro del manejo multidisciplinar, el cirujano general es uno de los pilares importantes. La implantación de un protocolo de actuación para el pie diabético reduce de forma significativa la tasa de amputaciones.
Colecistectomía laparoscópica durante el embarazo, experiencia de un Hospital Universitario del noreste de México
Authors: Guerra Leza Karla Carolina , Narro Martínez Marcela Anahí , Ponce Escobedo Aurora Natalia , Fernández Treviño José Rafael
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Reportar nuestra experiencia en el manejo laparoscópico de la colecistolitiasis durante el embarazo.Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes embarazadas, con diagnóstico de patología biliar sometidas a colecistectomía laparoscópica. Se describieron variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas, complicaciones o muerte postoperatoria.Resultados: Se realizaron 46 colecistectomías laparoscópicas, edad media de 25 años; 82.6% cursaban el segundo trimestre de embarazo; mostrando tasa de complicaciones de 4.3% directamente relacionadas con el procedimiento sin mortalidad materna.Discusión: Se asocia a la cirugía biliar a una tasa elevada de complicaciones durante el embarazo, sin embargo, existe mayor evidencia que apoya la idea de la intervención temprana en enfermedad biliar sintomática, con un mayor riesgo de muerte fetal bajo manejo conservador que bajo un abordaje quirurgico,así como mayor tasa de recurrencia. Se ha demostrado que la cirugía no aumenta el riesgo de mortalidad para la madre y el feto y su retraso puede resultar en un incremento de morbilidad a corto y largo plazo.Conclusiones: Observamos una baja tasa de complicaciones asociadas al procedimiento quirúrgico, así como una nula mortalidad materna.
The preparation of MnO2-doped NaNbO3-based lead-free ceramics with enhanced energy storage performance and attractive electrocaloric effect
Authors: Zhang Tao , Karaki Tomoaki , Fujii Tadashi
Published: September 2021

MnO2-doped 0.955NaNbO3-0.045La(Nb1/3Mg2/3)O3 ceramics were prepared through a conventional method. The effects of MnO2 amount on the dielectric property, and the phase transition behavior and energy storage performance were studied. The introduction of MnO2 can obviously improve sintering performance and effectively stabilize anti-ferroelectric phase, accompanied with the variation of phase transition temperature. An enhanced recoverable energy storage density of 2.63 J·cm−3 with efficiency of 66.8% was obtained at RT when 1.5% MnO2 was applied. This sample also demonstrated attractive thermal stability in energy storage from 30 °C–90 °C. In addition, the coexistence of positive and negative electrocaloric effect was observed due to the emergence of anti-ferroelectric phase. A further advantage of the thermal hysteresis phenomenon possesses abilities to enhance dielectric and energy storage properties. This will contribute to the promotion of NaNbO3-based lead-free dielectric capacitors.
Enhanced Solar Air Heaters for Crop Drying
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bansal Institute of Science & Technology. Bhopal (M.P.), India., Sahu Kamlesh , Sanodiya Gyaneshwar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakshmi Narain College of Technology Excellence (LNCTE) Bhopal (M.P.), India.
Published: September 2021

Solar air heaters are placed on farms to provide heat for the drying of grain and crop harvesting and harvesting. The results of the thermal study showed that solar air heaters are capable of providing a sufficient increase in air temperature under the majority of crop drying circumstances studied. The restricted thermal capacity of air, as well as the low heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the air flow via the ducting system, both contribute to the overall thermal efficiency of solar air heaters. Solar air heaters must be more efficient in order to be more affordable. This may be accomplished by increasing the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the air flow passing through the duct. More heat transfer coefficients can be increased by using either active or passive approaches. In most situations, it may be cost-effective to use solar air heaters and incorporate artificial roughness on the absorber plate. The rate of heat transmission from the solar air heater's duct to the fluid flow may be increased by creating artificial roughness on the surface of the duct. The study focused on several roughness element geometries for solar air heater ducts, and the results indicated that there is a link between the two. This paper attempts to find ways to artificially increase the heat transfer capacity of solar air heaters' ducts by using element geometries which have been utilised in solar air heaters' heat transfer devices.
Impact of Swear and Negative Texts on Social Media Users
Authors:   Research Scholar, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Assistant Professor, CSE, FET, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India., Jindal Srishty , Prasad Dr. Prof. S.V.A.V. ,   EEE Department., Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Haryana, India., Sharma Dr. Kamlesh ,   Associate Professor, CSE, FET, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, the use of social media has increased exponentially. People show different behavior on social media depending on the kind of responses and behavior of people around them. It is important now to analyze the behavior of social media users and the way how they affect their friends. In this paper, behavioral analysis of people is done based on Twitter data. An algorithm is proposed which helps in finding the impact of text written by someone on social media and its effect on others. The impact of written text is calculated with the help of the number of retweets done for the same tweet. The severity of the used word is calculated based on AFINN dictionary. According to the proposed algorithm, the score of the dictionary is recalculated when a negative word is forwarded multiple times. This is done with the understanding that if a less severe negative word is used many times, it may affect the person in a highly negative manner. With this, Severity of words is recalculated and its impact on people is found with the help of the proposed algorithm. The impact of using negative words on social media affect 32 % of the total users (in their friend-list). Behavior change is demonstrated with the help of graphs week-wise, month-wise and year-wise analyses. The research helps in finding the impact of swear words on social media users depending on the frequency and severity score of the words.
mmFiT: Contactless Fitness Tracker Using mmWave Radar and Edge Computing Enabled Deep Learning
Authors: Tiwari Girish , Bajaj Parveen , Gupta Shalabh
Published: September 2021

Internet of things (IoT) is transforming the way we imagine healthcare with ubiquitous connectivity, faster response and deeper personalized insights using large amounts of data. Fitness trackers provide useful insights to maintain balance of a healthy lifestyle. Nowadays, fitness trackers are available as wearable devices which creates a sense of unease in exercise and may cause skin irritation. In this paper, we present mmFiT, an edge computing enabled, contactless, real-time fitness tracker using a single mmwave radar point cloud data. It has the inherent advantage of user privacy preservation while tracking indoor fitness activities. Experimental results show that the system can classify various exercises with real-time accuracy of 95.53\% and is also capable of counting repetitions of exercises. This implementation is computationally inexpensive, and therefore, the system can be deployed in an IoT connected edge device for real-time operations. This system will be an ideal fit in a smart home or smart gymnasium setting.
ASPECTS OF THE MENTAL STATUS OF TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT GENDER CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Мартышова Ольга Сергеевна , Великая Ольга Викторовна , Лушникова Анна Владимировна , Хмыз Инна Сергеевна , Семиколенова Валерия Александровна
Published: September 2021

Целью работы стало изучение психического статуса больных туберкулезом с учетом гендерных особенностей. Туберкулез - актуальная проблема здравоохранения во всем мире, Российская Федерация остается страной с высоким бременем по туберкулезу. Закономерности формирования картины болезни, а также различные типы психического реагирования лиц женского пола и мужского на своё заболевание сочетаются в клинике со специфическими особенностями психического состояния, характером реагирования на течение заболевания, процесс лечения, реабилитацию и, как следствие, исход. Психическими особенностями женщин по поводу восприятия своего заболевания являются тревожность, страх и выраженный эмоциональный окрас, что в свою очередь снижает комплаентность «врач-пациент». Специфическими особенностями мужчин являются возможность сформировать конструктивный тип отношения к своему заболеванию. Независимо от половой принадлежности у больных туберкулезом имеются различного рода страхи, которые вызывают изменение в организме, его психическом статусе. Сам диагноз туберкулез является психотравмирующим фактором для пациента. Помощь в социально-психологической адаптации, индивидуальный подход к каждому пациенту способствуют формированию доверительных отношений между врачом и пациентом, что в свою очередь приводит к повышению приверженности пациента к лечению и повышению ее эффективности

The aim of the work was to study the mental status of patients with tuberculosis, taking into account gender characteristics. Tuberculosis is an urgent health problem worldwide, and the Russian Federation remains a country with a high burden of tuberculosis. Regularities of formation of the pattern of illness, and various types of psychological responses of women and men with their disease combined in the clinic with the specific features of mental States, the nature of the response to the disease, process of treatment, rehabilitation and, consequently, outcome. Mental characteristics of women about the perception of their disease are anxiety, fear and a pronounced emotional color, which in turn reduces the compliance of the "doctor-patient". Specific features of men are the ability to form a constructive type of attitude to their disease. Regardless of gender, tuberculosis patients have various kinds of fears that cause changes in the body, its mental status. The very diagnosis of tuberculosis is a psychotraumatic factor for the patient. Assistance in social and psychological adaptation, individual approach to each patient contribute to the formation of a trusting relationship between the doctor and the patient, which in turn leads to an increase in the patient's commitment to treatment and increase its effectiveness
KERAGAAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN, PERSEPSI DAN RESPON PESERTA TEMU TEKNIS PENELITI-PENYULUH BALITBANGTAN DAN PENYULUH JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Hidayah Restu
Published: September 2021

Kegiatan temu teknis peneliti–penyuluh bertujuan untuk membekali penyuluh dalam melaksanakan Kegiatan Adaptasi Teknologi Spesifik Lokasi tahun 2020 pada 12 kabupaten di Jawa Tengah. Materi dalam temu teknis ini adalah beberapa inovasi teknologi Balitbangtan sebagai alternatif pilihan inovasi teknologi yang akan diterapkan. Evaluasi pelaksanaan temu teknis merupakan indikator keberhasilan suatu penyuluhan dilihat dari peningkatan pengetahuan, persepsi dan respon peserta.  Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaan tingkat pengetahuan peserta serta mengetahui persepsi dan respon peserta temu teknis. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakteristik responden, keragaan tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, dan respon peserta Temu Teknis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner, yang selanjutnya diolah dengan analisis non-parametrik dan deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan responden meningkat sebesar 49,01%. Responden memberikan persepsi dan respon yang positif pada level tinggi terhadap penyelenggaraan temu teknis ini karena sangat bermanfaat dalam menunjang tupoksinya.
Stethopedia: an e-learning resource for medical students to supplement Canadian clinical skills education
Authors: Mao Randi Q , Sandhu Gurinder , Kerzner Sophia , Sreeraman Shreyas , Patel Janhavi Nikhil , Liu Eva Yiguan , Singh Chad B , Profetto Jason
Published: September 2021

Implication Statement
Online clinical skills videos can supplement teaching and allow for greater flexibility when learning physical examination skills. There are currently few open access clinical skills video resources available for Canadian medical students. Stethopedia is an easy-to-use, open-access library of clinical skills teaching videos based on the Canadian medical curriculum. We created Stethopedia to increase accessibility to clinical skills resources and improve the competency and confidence of medical students performing clinical skills on examinations and clerkship rotations. Medical students would benefit from similar resources based on their school’s specific curriculum in order to improve clinical skill performance.
Possibilities of the Use of Aerial Photographs in the Protection of Agricultural Soil Fund
Authors: Lipský Zdeněk
Published: September 2021

The author considers two main processes showing a negative influence on the quality and use of agricultural soils, namely water erosion and wetting. The paper treats of general advantages of aerial photographs. Practical examples are presented of direct and indirect interpretation of erosion phenomena and soil wetting by means of black-and-white, multispectral and infrared aerial photographs. In the conclusion, the main spheres of the problem of the soil fund protection are dealt with. Most of these problems could be solved by the application of aerial photographs.
ACCESS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES AMONG MIGRANT INDONESIAN FEMALE WORKERS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Authors: Sutan Rosnah , Siregar Pinta Pudiyanti
Published: September 2021

This study aims to measure the prevalence of reproductive health services accessibility based on the perception of Indonesian migrant female workers in Malaysia and its influencing factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the 593 respondents using a semi-guided questionnaire. Participation for this study came from Kuala Lumpur (230 respondents), Johor Bahru (181 respondents) and Penang (182 respondents). The mean age was 26.8 (SD 6.7) years. Their origin area in Indonesia was from Central Java, North Sumatra, and East Java. The prevalence of easy access to reproductive health services was 66.9%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that marital status (aOR=0.389, 95% CI:0.201, p=0.751), good reproductive health knowledge (aOR=1.123,95%CI:1.071,1.177), depression (aOR=0.934, 95%CI:0.884, p=0.986) were the predictors for the good perceptions of reproductive health services accessibility in Peninsular Malaysia. This study depicted that two-third of Indonesian migrant women have an excellent perception of reproductive health services access in Malaysia. Obstacles identified for poor access to the facility were related to time, immigration permit status, and awareness of the assistance needed. Strategies to enhance the accessibility of reproductive health services require collaboration from Indonesian government representatives and non-governmental organisations in Malaysia to help advocate reproductive health services for all, including the Indonesian women workers.
Latest Tendencies of Wills’ Voidness Made in Violation of the Requirements Regarding the Form and Authenticating Procedure
Authors: Kukhariev Oleksandr
Published: September 2021

The article is focused on revealing the peculiarities of wills’ validness made in violation of the requirements regarding the form and authenticating procedure based on the analysis of legal doctrine and the current case law. The author has substantiated position that the invalidation of a will is a special method to protect the rights of inheritance, which in its essence is not identical to the protection of civil rights and interests by the court as the invalidation of the transaction. It is due to the scope of implementing the studied method of protection and the peculiarities of the will as a kind of unilateral transactions. The possibility of convalidation of a will’s nullity by the court has been denied, since it will lead to destabilization of property relations, as well as to numerous abuses by their participants. The author has additionally emphasized the difficulty of establishing conditions enshrined by law for the admission of a unilateral transaction, in particular: the transaction must correspond to the true will of the person who executed it; the notarization of the transaction was hindered by a circumstance that did not depend on the person’s will who executed it. The court’s decision will in any case be based on indirect evidence and assumptions. In addition, the plaintiffs in most cases are lawful heirs of this will, who are interested parties. The author of the paper criticizes the point of view regarding the will’s nullity certified by an official of a local self-government agency not according to the place of registration of the testate. In this case, the invalidity of legal transaction is artificially removed from the Law of Ukraine «On Local Self-Government in Ukraine», goes beyond the literal content of the Art. 1257 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, violates the principle of will’s freedom and justice as one of the general principles of civil law. It has been emphasized that formal, minor violations of the wills’ authenticating procedure cannot be considered as grounds for theirvalidness. Key words: inheritance law, hereditary legal relations, a will, a testate, validness, nullity, convalidation.
Institute of the judicial supervision and the provision of methodological assistance to judges in Ukraine
Authors: Bakaianova Nana , Kubaienko Andrii
Published: September 2021

The paper is devoted to analysis of the current concerns of the judicial supervision and significance of the provision of methodological assistance to judges considering the historical experience. It is indicated that provision of the methodological assistance to judges is particularly important under current conditions as it ensures administration of fair and impartial justice. Every person’s right to fair trial based on supremacy of the law is achieved via accomplishing certain powers both procedural nature and out-of-court procedures. Procedural powers of the court are realized during consideration of a case by the corresponding judicial jurisdiction while the out-of-court powers are accomplished when ensuring so-called functions which main objective is to provide for the unified judicial practice. Formation of the unified judicial practice can be achieved provided a similar application of all norms of the law of substance and procedural law only because the law should equally apply to everybody under similar circumstances.

The paper states that delegation of powers to the court of appeal, as regards provision of the methodological assistance to local courts in administration of legislation, preconditions certain activity of the court and its chairman aimed at accomplishing this authority and presence of the levers to respond to problems arising in the judicial practice. Practical exercise of powers by the court of appeal, as regards provision of the methodological assistance to local courts, may not be connected with the institute of supervision only because there exist other kinds of such assistance provision.

It is emphasized in the paper that the terms “supervisor” and “supervision” may not refer to the activity of courts and judges as regards the meaning, and do not meet the constitutional principle of the independence of judges. The authors indicate that filing a disciplinary complaint against judges in connection with the results of the methodological assistance which the supervising judges provide contains signs of the supervision powers and external influence that doesn’t meet the requirements of the effective legislation of Ukraine concerning judicial machinery and status of judges. The conclusions state a necessity of the legislative regulation of the methodological assistance which the higher judicial courts provide to the lower level courts to improve quality of court judgments and court activity in this sphere.

Keywords: methodological assistance, court supervision, powers of judges, forms of the methodological assistance.
The influence of the norms of material and procedural law on the determination of civil jurisdiction of the case
Authors: Lichman Leonid
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes such a type of judicial jurisdiction as civil. The consequences of a judge's erroneous determination of the type of jurisdiction are noted. It is proposed to distinguish between civil jurisdiction in statics and dynamics. It is argued that subject and subject jurisdictions constitute the statics of the institution of jurisdiction. Instance and territorial jurisdictions are a manifestation of dynamics. Based on the case law of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court, criteria for delimitation of judicial jurisdictions are proposed.

To establish the nature of the case, the judge at the stage of opening proceedings must preliminarily (conditionally) apply the rules of substantive and procedural law by modeling the legal structures of relations between the parties, their qualifications.

Considering the subject, grounds and content of the claims, evidence confirming these circumstances, the judge must establish that between the plaintiff and the defendant during recourse to the court there is a civil relationship in which there is a dispute or that there is a possibility of infringement the plaintiff's property right, other property rights or if the life and health of the person applying to the court is in danger.

The subject of protection in civil proceedings may also be the freedom of an individual or an interest that does not contradict the general principles of civil law, including the public or other person's interest. If the application is not subject to consideration in civil proceedings, the judge shall determine to which jurisdiction the case is assigned or that the case is not subject to judicial review.

Keywords: judicial and civil jurisdiction, subject jurisdiction, delimitation of judicial jurisdictions, preliminary (conditional) application of civil law and procedural norms.
Allylic alcohols and amines by carbenoid eliminative cross-coupling using epoxides or aziridines
Authors: Fleming Matthew J , Hodgson David M
Published: September 2021

α-Lithiated terminal epoxides and N-(tert-butylsulfonyl)aziridines undergo eliminative cross-coupling with α-lithio ethers, to give convergent access to allylic alcohols and allylic amines, respectively. The process can be considered as proceeding by selective strain-relieving attack (ring-opening) of the lithiated three-membered heterocycle by the lithio ether and then selective β-elimination of lithium alkoxide.
EFFECT OF IMISSION TO XYLEM ANATOMY OF NORWAY SPRUCE
Authors: LEXA MARTIN , VEJPUSTKOVÁ MONIKA , ZEIDLER ALEŠ
Published: September 2021

The aim of this work was to analyse the relationship between anatomical parameters of spruce tracheidsand climatic factors and air pollution load, in the period before, during and after the maximum air pollution load. In this study we used the method of dividing annual rings into a number of equally wide sectors, for which the average values of the tracheid dimensions, i.e., the lumen area and cell wall width, were determined. This method was compared to the classic approach, which works with the average values of parameters for the entire annual ring, or for earlywood and latewood. The study showed that the trees responded to the increased concentration of pollutants by reducing the widths of the annual rings and the values of the anatomical parameters. The higher resolution of data gives us a better insight on the influence of abiotic factors to the wood structure. The ratio of cell wall thicknesses ofearlywood to latewood was also shown asa good indicator of stress.
COLOUR STABILITY OF STEAMED BLACK LOCUST
Authors: VARGA DENES , TOLVAJ LASZLO , PREKLET EDINA
Published: September 2021

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), beech red heartwood (Fagus sylvaticaL.) and spruce (Picea abiesKarst.) wood samples were treatedin saturated steam at 100, 110 and 120°C then irradiated using a UV emitter mercury lamp in order to test their colour stability. Colour change was evaluated and presented in the CIE Lab colour coordinate system. Untreated black locust, beech and spruce specimens as control samples were irradiated using the same mercury lamp. Results revealed that beech produced the greatest colour stability during both steam treatment and the following UV treatment while spruce was the most sensitive species to photodegradation. Steaming reduced the colour change intensity only for black locust during photodegradation. Both redness and yellowness change demonstrate this colour stability increase. Steaming at 120°C resulted in the greatest protection against the colour alteration of black locust caused by photodegradation.The investigated thermal treatments did not change the photodegradation properties of beech and spruce specimens. A considerable increase in colour saturation of the specimens was generated by steaming, and the saturation value further increased during the UV treatment.
PERFORMANCE OF COATED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE IN MILLING COMPOSITE BOARDS
Authors: KIDUNG TIRTAYASA PUTRA PANGESTU , DARMAWAN WAYAN , NANDIKA DODI , WAHYUDI IMAM , DUMASARI LUMONGGA , HIROSHI USUKI
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research was to analyze the performance (wear resistance, surface roughness, chip formation, and noise level) of AlCrN, TiN, and TiAlN coated tungsten carbides in cutting composite boards. The composite boards of wood plastic composite, laminated veneer lumber, andorientedstrand board were cut by the coated tungsten carbide tools in a computer numerical control router. The results show that the differences in structure among the composite boards resulted in the difference in clearance wear, chip formation, surface roughness, and noise level phenomenon. The abrasive materials in wood plastic composite generated the highest clearance wear on the coated carbide tools tested. TiAlN coated carbide tool provided better wear resistance, smoother composite boards surfaces, and lower noise levels.
EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT ON SOME CHEMICAL COMPOUND AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BLACK PINE WOOD
Authors: AKYUREK SAHIN , AKMAN MURAT , OZALP MURAT
Published: September 2021

In this study, effects of heat treatment on bending strength, compression strength, chemical compound and solubility of Black pine wood (Pinus nigra J.F.var. seneriana)was examined.For this purpose, Black pine wood samples were kept in temperature of 250°C for 2 hours. Test results of heat-treated Black pine wood and control samples indicated that mechanical characteristics including compression strength and bending strength were affected negatively with heat treatment. Bending strength of heat treated and non-treated test samples were 129 and 76 N.mm-2, respectively. Compression strength of heat treated and non-treated test samples were 53 and 43N.mm-2, resp.In addition, level of extractives, cellulose and hemicellulose decreased while lignin content increased with percentage of 40%. Significant decreases occurred in all chemical solubility values.
EFFECTS OF STAND DENSITY ON TURPENTINE TERPENE COMPONENTS AND RESIN DUCT MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PINUS MASSONIANA
Authors: LYU JIANHUA , GUAN CHENG , LI XIANWEI , CHEN MING
Published: September 2021

The influence of stand density on the resin duct morphological structure and terpene components of Pinus massonianawere studied. The resin duct morphological characteristics and the relative content of the terpene components were investigated by microscopyand gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, respectively. The experimental results revealed that there was a specific correlation between thestand density andresin duct area, resin duct diameter, and the relative contents of main terpene components in the turpentine extracts. Additionally, the relative contents of β-pinene and (+)-camphene were positively correlated with stand density, with correlation coefficients of 0.8208and 0.5539, respectively.In contrast, the relative contents of(+)-longifolene and (+)-longicyclene were negatively correlated with stand density, with correlation coefficients of -0.5750and -0.7726, respectively, andα-pinene, β-caryophyllene, and (+)-α-longipinene had no correlation with stand density. The relative content of (+)-α-pinene was negatively correlated with the relative contents of both (+)-longifolene and (+)-longicyclene,with correlation coefficients of-0.8770 and -0.8914, respectively. There were positive correlations between the relative contents of (+)-longifolene and (+)-longicyclenewith correlation coefficient of0.9718, (+)-longifolene and (+)-α-longipinenewith correlation coefficient of0.8399,β-caryophyllene and (+)-α-longipinenewith correlation coefficient of0.9360, and (+)-longicyclene and (+)-α-longipinenewith correlation coefficient of0.8626.
FOUR SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA XYLEM AND ANALYSIS OF THE ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE EXTRACTIVES
Authors: QUAN LI , JI NING , WANG ZHANGUANG , LU CUIXIANG , HUI LIN
Published: September 2021

Four solvents including distilled water, acetone, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether were used to extract xylem of C. camphora. The differences in chemical compounds of xylem of C. camphorawere analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS)and the anti-fungal activityof C. camphoraextractives on Coriolus versicolor(CV), Trametes versicolor(TV),Poria vaporaria (PP) and Gloeophyllum trabeum(GT) were tested. The result showed that the chemical composition and relative content of the four different solvent extracts were different.A large number of chemical compounds in the C. camphoraextractives had a variety of biological activity and certain application value. The growth inhibitory rates of ethyl acetate extracts of C. camphora on PP, CV, TV and GTwere 52.24%, 52.51%, 43.26%, and 54.63%, respectively. According to the concentration for 50% of maximal effect, the inhibitory order on test fungus were GT > PP > CV > TV.
Prognostic value of initial esthetic score for multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructures in the load-bearing area
Authors:   Specialist chirurgie oro-maxilo-facială, Peltecu Medical SRL, Baston Radu , Viţu Mihai ,   Catedra de Protetică Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Hutu Emilian ,   Catedra de Protetică Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is: (1) to present the pertinent factors for obtaining an esthetic multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructure in the load-bearing area and (2) to assess the prognostic value of the initial esthetic score calculation for this type of prothesis. Materials and methods: From December 2002 to March 2016 we inserted in all load-bearing areas 243 multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructures. We have calculated the initial esthetic score, e.g. before treatment and biased it against the final one, e.g. after treatment. Results: The initial esthetic score matched the final one up to a maximal 2-point deviation. Discussion: The only 91% accuracy match is probably due to several subjective paragraphs like “esthetic requirements” or “hygiene level and availability”, but also due to giving up using surgical guides. Conclusions: Calculation of an initial esthetic score seems to be an acceptable method for predicting the esthetic outcome for multiple-tooth implant-borne fixed superstructures in the load-bearing areas.
The influence of surface treatment over the stability of orthodontic mini-implants
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Păun Andreea , Ilici Roxana Romaniţa ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Pătraşcu Ion ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Perlea Paula ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Mini-screws have brought new perspectives on the prognosis of the orthodontic treatment due to their ability to provide maximum anchorage and minimum compliance from the patient. Biomaterials used for mini-implant manufacturing are stainless steel, chrome-cobalt alloy, commercially pure titanium and grade 5 titanium alloy. These materials influence the type of cellular response in the host tissue, the stability of the device and, finally, the clinical success. Recent research has met the need for clinicians to enhance the stability of these devices through a series of changes to the surface which is in direct contact with bone. This paper aims to analyze the methods used as a surface treatment for orthodontic mini-implants and to evaluate their influence on the stability of these devices. This paper is a synthesis of existing data in the literature, based on inclusion in the analysis of full-text scientific articles relevant for the chosen topic.
The assessment of the filling material remaining on root canal walls after using protaper universal rotary retreatment system with or without a solvent
Authors:   Disciplina de Endodonţie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, UMF „Carol Davila“, București, Scărlătescu Sînziana Adina , Gheorghiu Irina Maria ,   Disciplina de Odontoterapie Restauratoare, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, UMF „Carol Davila“, București, Păunica Stana ,   Disciplina de Parodontologie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, UMF „Carol Davila“, București, Perlea Paula ,   Disciplina de Endodonţie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, UMF „Carol Davila“, București
Published: September 2021

The purposes of retreatment are to eliminate the cause for failure of initial endodontic treatment and to preserve the tooth as well. The aim of this study is a comparative evaluation of efficacy of Protaper rotaty retreatment instruments for gutta-percha removal with or without solvents specific both to the sealer and gutta-percha. Materials and methods: Forty single-rooted extracted teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups according to different methods of retreatment. The teeth were prepared with Protaper Universal system (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and filled using lateral condensation of gutta-percha and AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany). All root canal fillings were removed using Protaper Universal Retreatment system (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). During the retreatment procedure, in group 1 Resosolv (Pierre Rolland, Merignac, France) was used; in group 2 eucalyptol was used, in group 3 Endosolv E (Septodont, Paris, France) was used and in group 4 no solvent was used. The times required for retreatments and radiographycal evaluation after retreatment were recorded. Results: All root canals showed filling material remnants and group 1 with specific solvent for AH Plus recorded the shortest time. Conclusions: Although it is not possible to eliminate the entire filling material on the canal walls, the duration of retreatment was reduced by the use of a solvent specific to the sealer compared with a gutta-percha solvent or no solvent.
THE RISK OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA ON PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS D (2012-2015)
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Dinu Irina , Voiculescu Mihai ,   Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Radasan Andreea ,   Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver cancer (90%), the 5th neoplasia in terms of incidence and the 3rd mortality cause worldwide (1). This increased mortality is the consequence of diagnosis in an advanced state and of the fact that most HCC develop based on a chronic hepatic pathology. In Romania, around 7% of the population is affected by chronic hepatitis B, the incidence of this disease being increased in urban areas (2). The sooner the hepatitis B virus infection occurs in life, the higher the probability is, for this to become chronic and to lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer. Hepatitis D only occurs among people who are infected with the Hepatitis B virus because HDV is an incomplete virus that requires the helper function of HBV to replicate. Objective of the study. The main purpose of the surveillance and/or screening is to decrease mortality and morbidity by means of liver cancer for patients diagnosed with hepatitis B and hepatitis D. Matherial and methods. The study was conducted on a number of 102 patients diagnosed with viral hepatitis (HBV, HDV+HBV) admitted at the “Fundeni” Hospital, Bucharest, between 2012-2015. Two batches of patients were taken into account (patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis D). The viral load and chosen treatment were clinically, biochemically and imagistically evaluated. Results. We have noticed a significant increase in patients diagnosed with hepatitis B and D. The existence of the hepatitis D infection in patients diagnosed with hepatitis B significantly increases the occurence potential of liver cancer. The hepatic destruction degree by means of cirrhotic liver occurence respectively hepatic cirrhosisis much higher for patients diagnosed with hepatitis D. Conclusions. The close monitoring of the patients in this research program brings real benefit for the prevention of liver cancer and diagnosing it early, having a much better prognosis on the quality of life.
The effect of the thrombolytic therapy in intermediary-high risk pulmonary embolism
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, Cristian Ion Alexandru ,   Clinica de Cardiologie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Bagdasar Arseni“, Bucureşti, Sinescu Crina ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti,   Clinica de Cardiologie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă „Bagdasar Arseni“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Objectives. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the thrombolytic therapy in patients with intermediary-high risk PE. The analysis was focused on the impact on echocardiographic and biochemical markers of right ventricle (RV) pressure overload and also on mortality and haemodynamic instability. Materials and methods. In the present, study we selected patients with intermediary-high risk pulmonary embolism, selected either for thrombolytic therapy (alteplase – t-PA – plus unfractionated heparin) or for therapy only with unfractionated heparin (UFH). The patients included in the study group did not have contraindications for thrombolysis, were younger than 75 years old, did not have severe renal failure – creatinine clearance > 30 ml/min/m2 – or severe anemic syndromes – haemoglobin > 10 g/dl in thrombolysed group. The rest of the patients were included in the control group. The echocardiographic markers of right ventricle were determined on admission and on 3 days, Nt pro BNP value was assessed on admission and on 7 days as a marker of right ventricular (RV) pressure overload. As a statistical tool for comparing the evolution of the markers in the 2 groups the t-test assuming equal variances was used. Results. The right ventricle dysfunction markers were statistically significant improved in the study group treated with thrombolytic therapy and unfractionated heparine compared to patients from the group treated with unfractionated heparine alone. The thrombolytic effect on mortality was statistically insignificant but the effect on haemodynamic stability reached the statistical significance. The major bleeding rate was higher in the thrombolysed group, not being significant compared to the control group, receiving unfractionated heparine alone. Discussions. The effect of the thrombolytic therapy on biochemical and imagistic markers of RV dysfunction demonstrates the benefit of the therapy compared to classic therapy. The impact on mortality was not statistical significant but the effect on haemodynamic instability is correlated with the effect on biochemical and imagistic markers of RV dysfunction. Conclusion. The benefic effect of the thrombolytic therapy in patients with intermediary-high risk pulmonary embolism is obvious from the presented data. The most important element is the wright selection of the patients in which the risk/benefit ratio is acceptable.
Arterial hypertension in obese patients: therapeutic particularities
Authors:   Clinica de Medicină Internă, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă Floreasca, Diaconu Camelia C. ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Obesity is currently a true global pandemic associated with multiple co-morbidities, particularly cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases. There is a well-known link between obesity and hypertension, many cases of hypertension can be attributed to obesity. Reducing body weight and physical activity are important for controlling blood pressure. Currently, there are no specific guidelines about treating hypertension associated with obesity. The treatment is based on clinical experience of each physician, the knowledge of exact mechanisms of hypertension associated with obesity, comorbidities, side effects, economic reasons (cost of drugs), frequency of dosing. The majority of anti-hypertensive treatment schemes include a diuretic, an inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin system and/or a calcium channel blocker. If necessary, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist may be added. In patients with stage 2 hypertension a combination of two antihypertensive agents with complementary mechanisms of action is preferred. Most obese hypertensive patients need multiple antihypertensive drugs, because the prevalence of resistant hypertension is high in this population.
Contributions to music play selection for music therapy on the patients with hypertension and coronary
Authors:   Spitalul Näl, Clinica de Psihiatrie, Trollhättan, Suedia, Chiţu Alexandru , Bradu Iamandescu Ioan ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România
Published: September 2021

In one tentative selection of music songs for music therapy for the hypertensive and coronary patients, the authors tried to evaluate the predilection for this patients for one music with fast tempo which is contraindicate because the activation of sympathetic tone with hypotensive effect and with increasing myocardial oxygen consumption effect. Preferences for fast or slow tempo music were evaluated in 200 subjects (four groups of patients: hypertension, coronary heart disease, non-cardiac + a control group of healthy subjects). The attractiveness of the subjects investigated for music was performed by awarding marks from 1 to 10 couples of the 6 songs heard (fast vs. slow). Statistical processing of differences between the averages of 4 groups showed significantly increased preference for fast music group coronary (p <0.01) and hypertension (p <0.05). The opinion of the authors is to advise these patients to listen predominant cardiac slow classical music (especially baroque, with major psychological relaxing effects but also having the effect of decreasing sympathetic hypertension.