bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI PERSAMAAN QUADRAT KELAS IX D SMPN 1 TERARA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Jumuhur Jumuhur
Published: December 2023

Improving Learning Outcomes is a concept of learning activities that assist teachers in carrying out mathematics learning activities on quadratic equation material by trying to maximize the active role of students, especially how students are able to carry out tasks as explained and exemplified by the teacher. With this concept, learning outcomes are expected to be more meaningful for students. The purpose of this classroom action research (CAR) is to find out the increase in Physical Education learning outcomes on quadratic equations in class IX students of SMPN 1 Terara through the STAD method. In class action research (PTK) this was carried out in 2 cycles, from the results of the actions taken it was proven to be able to increase students' learning completeness classically, namely in cycle I the student graduation rate was 50%, which increased to 82.3% in cycle II. The results of this classroom action research show that learning by applying the STAD method can improve mathematics learning outcomes in the quadratic equation material and student learning completeness in mathematics with mastery reaching 82.3% in CYCLE II.
PENERAPAN METODE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM MATA PELAJARAN PAI KELAS V DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 4 RARANG
Authors: Hidayat Giri Rahmat
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the use of the jigsaw method in improving the learning outcomes of Islamic religious education for Grade V students at SD Negeri 4 Rarang. The type of research used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR), the data collection techniques used are tests, observation sheets, and documentation. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the learning process of Islamic religious education using the application of the jigsaw method can improve student learning outcomes, by fulfilling the KKM. Improved student learning outcomes can be seen from each cycle, in the pre-cycle the average classical learning mastery score of students was 63.16 (11 students) with a percentage of 36.66%, in the first cycle the average classical learning mastery value of students was 66 (15 students ) with a percentage of 50% and in cycle II the average number of students' classical learning completeness scores was 85.66 (25 students) with a percentage of 83.33%. In the learning process the researchers used the demonstration learning method by involving students directly in the learning process, as evidenced by using the jigsaw method it had increased the achievement of Grade V students at SD Negeri 4 Rarang. As a result students are able to accept the material conveyed and achieve a desired goal. This is a change in learning outcomes, especially subjects of Islamic religious education.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA VII-A SMPN 3 SIKUR KECAMATAN SIKUR T.P. 2022/2023
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of problem-based learning models on the results of learning mathematics in square shape material in Class VII-A SMPN 3 Sikur, Sikur District. This research is a classroom action research. Classroom action research is research conducted in the classroom to improve or strengthen the quality of learning in the classroom. The survey subjects were class VII-A students of SMPN 3 Sikur, totaling 38 students. The object of this study is the Prolem Based Learning model to improve student learning outcomes. The research data is the test scores of student learning outcomes using the Problem Based Learning model in the mathematics subject matter of Square Shapes. After the data is obtained and analyzed, it can be seen that the results of students' mathematics learning in Square material in class VII-A students of SMPN 3 Sikur, Sikur District before and after the action are as follows: (1). The repeat value of the first cycle after the action with an average of 68.81, and 60.53% classical completeness. (2). Replay value of the second cycle after the action with an average of 90.78 and 89.47% classical completeness. Thus, from the results of the action, it can be seen that the learning outcomes after students apply the Problem Based Learning model increase in each cycle.
THE EFFECT OF FISHBOWL STRATEGY IN SPEAKING ABILITY FOR THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF SMPN 1 TERARA IN THE SCHOOL YEAR 2022-2023
Authors: Rosyidi Ahmad Zuhri , Paris Atika Salman
Published: December 2023

Fishbowl strategy is extremely significant strategy in teaching speaking skill especially English for the language learners. This study focus on finding  the effect of fishbowl strategy in teaching speaking ability for the eighth grade students of SMPN 1 Terara in the school year 2023.  This study was an experimental research. The population of this study was all the the eighth grade students of SMPN 1 Terara in the school year 2020. The sample of this study was 32 students. In collecting the data, this study used speaking test instrument. Then, to analyze the data this study used descriptive statistic and testing hypothesis. The result of this study found that the mean score of experimental group was 41.2 and for the control group was 40.5.  In testing the hypothesis was found that t-test was 2.948 and t-table in significant rank 5% was 2.10 (2.948 > 2.10), those founding means that the hypothesis was accepted. It means that there is an effect of fishbowl strategy toward speaking ability and the students.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS X DI SMAN 6 MATARAM
Authors: Lembayung Nyoman Martha Jayanthi , Pahdianti Oni , Jannah Rauhul
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to improve students' learning outcomes in chemistry subjects by using Problem-based learning model in class X students of SMAN 6 Mataram. This study used the method of Collaborative Classroom Action Research (PTK) which took place with three cycles, where each cycle included several steps, including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. In this study, the subjects were students of class X6 SMAN 6 Mataram which amounted to 34 students. The results of the research obtained are Problem Based Learning learning model can improve students' cognitive learning outcomes in chemistry. This can be seen from the average value of students' cognitive learning outcomes and the percentage of classical learning completeness. The average value of students in the first cycle was 48.84 with a percentage of classical learning completeness of 20.50%, in cycle two the average value of students was 78.78 with a percentage of classical learning completeness of 88.2%, while in cycle three the average value of students was 87.66 with a percentage of classical learning completeness of 97%. This research is expected to form a new solution to solve problems in learning activities, especially in chemistry subjects.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BERFIKIR KRITIS SISWA MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MAKANAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA VIDIO PEMBELAJARAN PADA KELAS XI IPA SMA NEGERI 09 MATARAM
Authors: Pratama Aditya , Kusnita Yen , Merta I Wayan
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine increasing critical thinking skills of class XI MIA 1 SMA Negeri 9 Mataram students on digestive system material using learning video media. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which generally consists of two cycles. Each cycle has the same stage that is planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research is related to food digestive system material and was carried out in class XI MIA 1 SMA Negeri 9 Mataram with a total of 30 students.. The data collection techniques used were observation sheets, documentation and critical thinking instruments. The research results showed that the percentage of students who met the standards in cycle II was 100%. The improvement in the results of students' critical thinking abilities in the human food digestive system material has been completed with a completion percentage of 100% so it is proven that learning video media can improve students' critical thinking abilities and influence learning outcomes.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 MATARAM TAHUN AJARAN 2023/2024
Authors: Prilliza Masayu Diska , Irmayani Irmayani , Muslim M. Zadul
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to apply the problem-based learning (PBL) model to improving students learning outcomes in class XI Science 7 SMA Negeri 1 Mataram for the 2023/2024 academic year. The type of research in this study was Classroom Action Research (PTK). The research subject is class XI Science 7 which consists of 37 students. Classroom action research was carried out in 3 cycles, namely pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II. The results obtained after carrying out classroom action research showed that there were changes to student learning outcomes. The pre-cycle showed that there were 13 students who got a score of ?80. In cycles I and II there was an increase, there were 24 students in cycle I and 32 students in cycle II. The classical completeness obtained for each cycle has increased. In cycle I obtained 64.86% in the good category. Meanwhile, in cycle II it obtained 86.49% in the very good category. Based on these data it can be concluded that the application of the PBL learning model can increase students' learning outcomes.
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI SIFAT KOLIGATIF LARUTAN DI SMAN 2 MATARAM
Authors: Umami Muhammad Rizal , Eka Eka , Hasinah Hasinah
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to improve student activity and learning outcomes on colligative properties of solutions material at public senior High school 3 Bengkulu. This research is a classroom action research (CAR) which consists of three cycles. This research was conducted in class XII MIPA 2 public senior High school 2 Mataram. The instruments that used were observation instruments and cognitive tests. Based on the results of observations from cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III, there is an increase in the percentage of student activity and completeness of learning outcomes. The percentage of student activeness respectively was 32.37%, 55.25%, and 84.76%. Meanwhile, the percentage of student learning outcomes was 17%, 31.4% and 82.8%. The results showed that the application of the Discovery learning model succeeded in increasing student activity and learning outcomes. This can be seen from the percentage of activeness and completeness of learning outcomes that have increased by more than 75%.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI F 8 DI SMA NEGERI 1 MATARAM
Authors: Irmayani Irmayani , Prilliza Masayu Diska , Muslim M.  Zadul
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada materi ajar sel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan dua siklus. Subjek penelitian yakni kelas XI F 8 yang terdiri atas  26 peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Mataram. Instrumen yang digunakan yakni lembar tes hasil belajar. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menghitung persentase peningkatan hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model PBL mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar yakni sebesar 19%.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK BERMAIN MERONCE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK PERTIWI DESA SEMAYA
Authors: Rachman Sry Anita , Mujtahidin Samsul , Sasakawati Herni
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the form and method of playing ronce activities to improve fine motor skills in young children. This type of research uses classroom action research with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods are observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The result of this research is a meronce activity consisting of beads and pieces of straw with implementation using preparatory stages, namely preparing tools and materials, conditioning the children before the activity begins, agreeing on play activities; application, namely the child takes the beads with his right hand using two fingers and inserts the string into the hole of the bead and tightens it; closing, namely tidying up their activity tools, asking about feelings during the activity. The results of this activity can be seen that the development of meronce activities improves children's fine motor skills in Pertiwi Kindergarten, Semaya Village and meronce activities can be used as a stimulation tool in developing children's fine motor skills.
Studi Kepuasan Konsumen Berbasis Importance Performance Analysis pada E-Commerce Shopee
Authors: Putri Ni Nyoman Santi Irayani , Dewi Ni Nyoman Triana Prima , Sudiartana I Wayan Dode , Giantari I Gusti Ayu Ketut
Published: December 2023

Shopee is a mobile application-based online buying and selling e-commerce that is developing in Indonesia as the first consumer-to-consumer (C2C) marketplace. This study aims to find out how much Shopee's service quality is to determine customer satisfaction. This study uses a quantitative descriptive research, by measuring the level of conformity between customer expectations and company performance. The population in this study are Shopee application users throughout Indonesia. The sample in this study were Shopee application users who had purchased a product at least once within three months. The sampling method used purposive sampling method. The number of respondents who filled out the survey was 86 respondents. Data analysis techniques use the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method in which this method shows the relationship between the level of importance and performance. The level of importance and performance is measured based on the average value given by each respondent on each indicator. The correlation of each item to the total score of each statement for the variables/attributes of Efficiency, Fulfillment, System Availability, Privacy, Responsiveness, Compensation, Contact. All of them produce rtables above 0.361 with a significance value of 0.060 (6%). Thus, the entire statement of research variable items is valid and reliable. This means that overall all the indicators that are considered important are in accordance with consumer expectations so that there is no need to prioritize a particular indicator.
Princípios ecosóficos nas religiões: uma visão a partir da alimentação
Authors: Murad Afonso , Barroso Anderson Silva
Published: December 2023

A crise ambiental que enfrentamos exige uma reavaliação profunda de nossa relação com o meio ambiente e com os seres. Na busca por soluções que promovam uma coexistência harmoniosa e sustentável, a ecosofia emerge como ferramenta teórica que reconhece nossa interdependência com todos os habitantes da casa comum. Num contexto sociocultural onde a religiosidade é relevante, um possível caminho rumo a formas mais conscientes e responsáveis de nos relacionarmos com o meio ambiente é identificar pontos congruentes entre os princípios ecosófico e as narrativas das religiões. Nosso artigo aborda como o entendimento das religiões em relação à necessidade alimentar reflete alguns princípios ecosóficos, podendo ser utilizado como salutar instrumento de conscientização. Para tal apresentamos um panorama geral da ecosofia em Arne Naess, Félix Guattari e Josef Estermann. Num segundo momento propomos suscintos elementos que exemplificam como a alimentação, desde as compreensões religiosas dos povos originários latino-americanos, das religiões de matriz africana e das três grandes religiões monoteístas, é um ato ecosófico. Conclui-se que os preceitos religiosos sobre a alimentação nessas tradições podem servir como chave de leitura crítica na difusão e no fortalecimento dos princípios ecosóficos desde o campo religioso, colaborando assim na superação dos presentes desafios socioambientais.
Emergence of catalytic function in prebiotic information-coding polymers
Authors: Tkachenko Alexei V , Maslov Sergei
Published: December 2023

Life as we know it relies on the interplay between catalytic activity and information processing carried out by biological polymers. Here we present a plausible pathway by which a pool of prebiotic information-coding oligomers could acquire an early catalytic function, namely sequence-specific cleavage activity. Starting with a system capable of non-enzymatic templated replication, we demonstrate that even non-catalyzed spontaneous cleavage would promote proliferation by generating short fragments that act as primers. Furthermore, we show that catalytic cleavage function can naturally emerge and proliferate in this system. Specifically, a cooperative catalytic network with four subpopulations of oligomers is selected by the evolution in competition with chains lacking catalytic activity. The cooperative system emerges through the functional differentiation of oligomers into catalysts and their substrates. The model is inspired by the structure of the hammerhead RNA enzyme as well as other DNA- and RNA-based enzymes with cleavage activity that readily emerge through natural or artificial selection. We identify the conditions necessary for the emergence of the cooperative catalytic network. In particular, we show that it requires the catalytic rate enhancement over the spontaneous cleavage rate to be at least 102–103, a factor consistent with the existing experiments. The evolutionary pressure leads to a further increase in catalytic efficiency. The presented mechanism provides an escape route from a relatively simple pairwise replication of oligomers toward a more complex behavior involving catalytic function. This provides a bridge between the information-first origin of life scenarios and the paradigm of autocatalytic sets and hypercycles, albeit based on cleavage rather than synthesis of reactants.
Sudden Cardiac Death from Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Unruptured Ascending Aortic Aneurysm Involving the Sinus of Valsalva: An Autopsy Case
Authors: Jang Yu Ra , Lee Ho , Noh Sang Jae
Published: December 2023

Ascending aortic aneurysm of the thorax is a condition characterized by an increase in the diameter of the ascending aorta between the aortic valve and the brachiocephalic artery. Most patients with ascending aortic aneurysm are asymptomatic and do not require treatment; the rates of dissection, rupture, and mortality are also low. In this report, we describe the autopsy findings in a case of sudden death due to acute myocardial infarction secondary to the previously asymptomatic, unruptured, and undissected aortic aneurysm of the thoracic ascending aorta extending to the sinus of Valsalva. The findings in this case emphasize the importance of preventive management of asymptomatic ascending aortic aneurysms, and possible mechanisms of sudden cardiac death in patients with uncomplicated ascending aortic aneurysm is also discussed.
Gerenciamento dos ativos de propriedade intelectual nas fases de estruturação das startups
Authors: Da Silva Adriana Garcia , Bueno Miriam Pinheiro , De Souza Rafael Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

As startups são empresas de base tecnológica que operam sob riscos constantes, buscando soluções inovadoras para a sociedade. Os resultados de suas operações, geralmente, correspondem a ativos de propriedade intelectual e que devem ser devidamente protegidos pelos mecanismos legais e sistemáticos existentes. Entretanto, o alto risco do negócio, somado ao desconhecimento do sistema de proteção à propriedade intelectual e seus respectivos custos, podem fazer com que as startups não protejam suas criações. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar o gerenciamento dos ativos de propriedade intelectual em cada fase de estruturação das startups, para isso, utilizou-se de abordagem dedutiva e qualitativa, método exploratório, descritivo e pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados apontam que, devido à escassez de capital para o investimento inicial, as startups podem promover o gerenciamento da propriedade intelectual estrategicamente, realizando a proteção dos ativos em cada fase (ideação, operação ou validação, tração e scale-up escala) de sua estruturação. Para isso, conclui-se que não precisam se utilizar apenas de proteções sistêmicas, mas também podem optar por proteções contratuais, especialmente durante a fase de ideação. O trabalho contribui para demonstrar que mesmo diante de um cenário de incertezas econômicas, é possível proteger estrategicamente os ativos de propriedade intelectual da empresa, garantindo um equilíbrio entre as finanças da startup e os benefícios ligados à proteção da propriedade intelectual.
Is it possible to evaluate rebranding and debranding strategies applied in sports club logos with eye tracking?
Authors: Aydin Gökhan
Published: December 2023

One of the most effective elements used by brands in communicating with their target audiences is logos. Knowing the impressive power of logos, brands apply some strategies on their logos from time to time to differentiate themselves from their competitors. At this point, one of the preferred strategies is rebranding and the other is debranding. Rebranding is a strategy that aims to reposition in the minds of the target audience and involves radical changes. Debranding is a strategy that expresses the process of simplifying the brand by giving up using its own name. Both strategies are frequently used in brand logos, helping brands renew themselves. However, changes to logos are vital for brands. For this reason, brands should accurately analyze their target audience's expectations before applying changes to their logos. At this point, one of the experimental neuromarketing methods that can be used to determine which logos will be appreciated by the target audience is Eye Tracking.
Evaluation of Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index as a Predictor of Hypotension Following General Anaesthesia with Thiopentone Induction: An Observational Study
Authors: Golhar Mayuri , . Manisha , Yadav Tarun , Johar Sanjay
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Hypotension during surgery can significantly increase morbidity and mortality. Volume depletion poses a major risk for intraoperative hypotension. The role of the Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index (IVCCI) in assessing volume status is crucial, but its utility in predicting hypotension after the induction of general anaesthesia has been less evaluated. Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of IVCCI in predicting postinduction hypotension after general anaesthesia, with the primary objective being to assess the correlation between IVCCI and hypotension. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana,India. Total 100 patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia with thiopentone induction. IVCCI was measured preoperatively in spontaneously breathing patients. The patients were grouped into CI+ (Collapsible) and CI- (Non collapsible) groups based on IVCCI values of ≥ 50% and ≤ 50%, respectively. Haemodynamic parameters were recorded for up to one hour after anaesthesia induction. Hypotension was defined as a fall of more than 20% in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) or SBP <90 mmHg or a mean blood pressure of <60 mm Hg. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of IVCCI, and multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of hypotension. Independent t-test was used for quantitative associations, while Chi-square and Fisher’s-exact test were used for qualitative associations, with a p-value <0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients in the study was 42.11±12.6 years. Out of 100, total 44 patients experienced post-induction hypotension, which was significantly higher in females compared to males (p-value=0.02). The mean Basal Metabolic Index (BMI) of the study population was 21.2±3.06 kg/m2 , but hypotension was more common in underweight patients with a BMI <18.5 kg/ m2 (p-value=0.0007). The results showed a significant correlation between IVCCI and hypotension (p-value<0.05). The mean value of IVCCI (%) was 47.34±6.96 in hypotensive patients, which was significantly higher than non hypotensive patients with a mean of 28.45±7.05 (%) (p-value<0.0001). The ROC curve demonstrated an excellent representation of IVCCI (%) (Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) 0.944; 95% CI: 0.879 to 0.980) in predicting hypotension, with a sensitivity of 95.5% and specificity of 94.6% for hypotension. IVCCI (%) was a significant independent risk predictor of hypotension with a cut-off point of >38, as determined by performing multivariate logistic regression. Conclusion: Preoperative assessment of IVCCI is highly sensitive and specific for prediction hypotension induced by general anaesthesia. It is recommended as a screening tool for high-risk patients.
Gestion de l’invalidité au travail en raison d’un trouble mental courant : le point de vue des médecins de famille et des psychiatres quant à leur pratique
Authors: Boileau-Falardeau Fabienne , Turcotte Jean-Robert , Corbière Marc
Published: December 2023

Les troubles mentaux sont la principale cause d’invalidité et peuvent présenter une durée d’absence deux fois plus longue, lorsque comparés à d’autres types de maladies. Plusieurs acteurs sont impliqués dans la gestion de l’invalidité dont les médecins de famille (MF) et les psychiatres ; deux acteurs du secteur de la santé incontournables lorsqu’il est question de santé mentale et de retour au travail (RAT). Cet article a comme principal objectif de documenter les tâches des MF et psychiatres liées à la gestion d’une invalidité en raison d’un trouble mental courant (TMC) ainsi que d’identifier les facilitateurs et les obstacles qu’ils perçoivent dans ce processus. De plus, il est question de dégager les besoins de formations qui pourront éventuellement aider ces cliniciens dans l’accomplissement de leurs tâches, permettant par le fait même un rétablissement durable du travailleur. Il s’agit d’une étude qualitative dont la collecte de données a été faite via des groupes de discussion (focus groups) totalisant 3 groupes de MF et 2 groupes de psychiatres (N = 28). Tous les enregistrements ont été retranscrits en verbatim et par la suite codifiés. Les réponses générées par les groupes de discussion ont fait émerger 180 unités thématiques réparties sur 4 grands thèmes, lesquels sont récurrents pour chaque objectif de recherche : (1) évaluer/documenter ; (2) prescrire/traiter ; (3) communiquer/collaborer/réseauter avec les autres acteurs ; et (4) arbitrer/défendre. Les unités thématiques montrent l’importance de la collaboration entre les acteurs et d’une communication efficace entre ces derniers. Il ressort de cela également que ces cliniciens aimeraient être mieux formés pour arrimer connaissances et pratique.
Influence of Soil Types and Quantities of the Mixture of Hairy Woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) Plus Bovine Manure on the Agronomic Viability of Coriander in the Semiarid Region of Brazil
Authors: Carlos Karen Geovana da Silva , Linhares Paulo César Ferreira , Mesquita Antônia Adriana Silva , Souza Maria Elisa da Costa , Pinto Francisco Felipe Barroso , Silva Adma Larissa da , Dantas Denilson Eduardo Silva , Sousa Roberto Pequeno de , Pereira Maria Francisca Soares , Alves Lunara de Sousa , Rodrigues Walter Martins , Amancio José Ferreira
Published: December 2023

Aims: Coriander cultivation is an activity of great importance for family farmers in the Brazilian semi-arid region. In this sense, the objective was to study the influence of soil types and quantities of a mixture of hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) and cattle manure on the agronomic viability of coriander in semi-arid region of Brazil.

Place of Study: The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Agricultural and Forestry Sciences department of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Brazil.

Study  Design and Methodology: The design used was completely randomized in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with three replications, being the first factor consisting of four quantities of the mixture of hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) plus cattle manure (0.0; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 kg m-2 of area) and the second factor consisted of two types of soil (latosol and an argisol) in single cultivation.The coriander cultivar "Frevo" was used, adapted to the edaphic and climatic conditions of the semi-arid region. The spacing used was 0.1 x 0.05 m with five plants pit-1, corresponding to 1000 plants m-2 of area. After harvesting the coriander, the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (expressed in cm plant-1); number of stems (expressed in plant-1 units); productivity (expressed in grams m-2 of area); number of bunches (expressed in plant-1 units) and dry mass (expressed in grams m-2 of area).

Agronomic Characteristics of Coriander: Plant height (expressed in cm plant-1); number of stems (expressed in units plant-1); productivity (expressed in grams m-2 of area); number of bunches (expressed in units plant-1) and dry mass (expressed in grams m-2 of area).

Conclusions: There was no interaction between the factors studied, with the amount of 3.0 kg m-2 of the hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) mixture with cattle manure, promoting the greatest increase in coriander cultivation, with values of 1030.6 g m-2, equivalent to 20.87 units of coriander bunches m-2, respectively. In relation to soil types (latosol and an argisol) there was no statistical difference, with values of 841.9 and 709.6 g m-2 for productivity, equivalent to 16.7 and 14.0 units of coriander bunches m-2.
Isolation and Identification of Fungi Associated with Fruit Rot Disease of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the Southern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria
Authors: Gwa, V. I.  , Lum, A. F.
Published: December 2023

Rot disease is a major threat to tomato fruit production and postharvest handling in major tomato growing areas in Nigeria. Rotted tomato fruits were randomly collected from farmers’ farms for the purpose of isolation and identification of rot causing fungi in Tarka, Benue State, Nigeria between July and December, in 2015 and 2016. Results revealed that Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Alternaria solani, Phytophthora infestans, Oidium neolycopersici, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium oxysporum, Verticillium spp and Colletotrichum spp caused tomato fruit rot in the area. In both years, the lowest number of fungi was recorded in the months of July and December while the highest number was obtained in September. The mean number of fungi isolated showed that S. rolfsii was the least with 3.17 in 2015 and 1.66 in 2016 while F. oxysporum was the highest with 14.33 in 2015 and 9.33 in 2016. There were more fungi isolated in 2015 than in 2016. There were significant differences (P≤0.05) in the mean number of A. niger, P. infestans, O. neolycopersici and F. oxysporum isolated in both years. In conclusion, farmers should handle tomato fruits with care, to reduce postharvest injury and damage in order to ensure the availability of disease free fruits and to increase the output for the global population.
Remote Sensing and GIS Approach (Benin) to Mapping of the Geospatial Dynamics of Plant Formations in the Upper Ouémé Sub-Catchment, West Africa
Authors: Thyamou Yémopan Fabrice , Otekpo Lémonla Armel
Published: December 2023

This work aims to map the geospatial dynamics of plant formations in the upper Ouémé sub-watershed from 1995 to 2020, i.e. 25 years. To achieve this objective, the combination of different methodological approaches were used. These are the remote sensing and GIS approach, Benaz plant formation inventory techniques, direct field observations and the calculation of the normalized vegetation index. Processing of satellite images from Landsat TM 5 (1995), Landsat 7 ETM+ sensors from 04-23-2002 and 05-14-2005, Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS from 03-04-2015 and 03-06-2015 and finally that of Sentinel-2B of 04-23-2020 enabled the results to be achieved.

Thus, different classes of forest entities were discriminated (dense forests, gallery forests, open forests and wooded savannas, wooded and shrubby savannas and grassy savannas). Between 1995 and 2020, the rate of plant formations increased from 95.98 to 66.32%, i.e. a plant cover of 611,971 ha in 1995, 591,672 ha in 2005, 561,595 ha in 2015 and 422,528 ha in 2020 with a NDVI which oscillates between -0.076 and 0.315 during this last year. Benaz's method has made it possible to carry out ecological and phytosociological surveys and to measure the diameters and heights of trees in the identified formations.

Despite the efforts to conserve and protect the natural resources available to the study area, wood resources are in decline, as they are subject to anthropogenic pressure amplified by population growth and uncontrolled activities.
Default Bulk Ordering and Text Messaging to Enhance Outreach for Lipid Screening
Authors: Pollak Catherine , Parambath Andrew , Coratti Samantha , Norton Laurie , Girard Anthony , Reitz Catherine , Snider Christopher K. , Xu Lin , Walker Zakiya , John Aileen , Putt Mary E. , Volpp Kevin G. , Mehta Shivan J.
Published: January 2025

Importance

A comprehensive lipid panel is recommended by guidelines to evaluate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, but uptake is low.

Objective

To evaluate whether direct outreach including bulk orders with and without text messaging increases lipid screening rates.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Pragmatic randomized clinical trial conducted from June 6, 2023, to September 6, 2023, at 2 primary care practices at an academic health system among patients aged 20 to 75 years with at least 1 primary care visit in the past 3 years who were overdue for lipid screening. Data analysis was performed from September 2023 to May 2024.

Interventions

Eligible patients were randomized in a 1:2:2 ratio to usual care (group 1), direct outreach and bulk orders (group 2), and bulk order outreach with additional text message reminders for scheduling assistance (group 3). In group 3, participants received an initial, follow-up, and reminder text message. Patients with electronic portal accounts were encouraged to schedule through them, while others received laboratory contact information. Any participant inquiries were answered either with automated responses for common questions or with study team support.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Proportion of patients who completed a lipid panel within 3 months.

Results

Among the 1000 participants, the median (IQR) age was 38 (28-55) years; 470 (47.0%) were female; and 22 (2.3%) were Asian, 38 (3.9%) were Black, 32 (3.2%) were Hispanic or Latino, and 862 (88.6%) were White (race and ethnicity were based on self-reported data). At 3 months, a lipid panel was completed by 12 of 202 patients (5.9%; 95% CI, 3.4% to 10.1%) receiving usual care (group 1) vs 62 of 394 patients (15.7%; 95% CI, 12.5% to 19.7%) receiving direct outreach and bulk order (group 2), a difference of 9.8 percentage points (95% CI, 4.6 to 15.0; P = .001). The panel was completed by 73 of 404 patients (18.1%; 95% CI, 14.6% to 22.1%) receiving outreach, bulk order, and text message reminders (group 3), for a difference of 2.4 percentage points (95% CI, −3.1 to 7.8; P = .43) vs outreach with bulk order alone (group 2). At 6 months, there were no significant differences in lipid screening between either group 1 vs group 2 or group 2 vs group 3.

Conclusions and Relevance

Lipid screening among participants receiving bulk orders and outreach letters increased significantly compared with usual care at 3 months. However, there was no difference at 6 months. More than 80% of patients did not follow through with lipid screening despite the intervention, and there was no additional increase in lipid testing at 3 months among participants receiving bulk ordering and supplemental text messaging.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05724615
Serum Immunoglobulin G Levels and Nicastrin Variation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Mintoff Dillon , Pace Nikolai P.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Variation in nicastrin (NCSTN) is associated with a monogenic subtype of hidradenitis suppurativa. Dysregulation of humoral immunity has been suggested as a potential mechanistic link between NCSTN variation and hidradenitis suppurativa. There is a paucity of biomarkers that can predict disease-associated variation.

Objective

To investigate whether serum immunoglobulin levels, as a surrogate marker of humoral immunity, can identify individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa who have a specific disease-associated NCSTN variant.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Maltese individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa genotyped for a disease-associated NCSTN in-frame deletion prevalent in the local patient cohort were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study from January to July 2023. Participation was restricted to adult individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa without known or suspected pathologies that would be associated with serum immunoglobulin levels. Data were analyzed between October 2023 and December 2023.

Exposure

Serum immunoglobulin G levels and other hematological paraments were analyzed.

Main Outcome and Measure

Main outcomes were the associations between serum immunoglobulin levels and an underlying NCSTN variation in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa.

Results

A total of 125 individuals (64 female individuals [51.2%]) with hidradenitis suppurativa of Maltese ethnicity were recruited in the study, of whom 17 (13.6%) who were from 7 genealogically unrelated families were heterozygous for the disease-associated NCSTN variant. Deletion carriers had a higher serum immunoglobulin G level (1370 mg/dL vs 1140 mg/dL [to convert to g/L, multiply by 0.01]; P < .001). The association between NCSTN variation and elevated immunoglobulin G levels retained significance despite adjusting for multiple confounders, including markers of disease severity, age of recruitment, age of disease onset, treatment with adalimumab, and liver transaminase levels. Serum immunoglobulin G demonstrated a strong discriminatory capacity in identifying patients who were heterozygous for the NCSTN variant.

Conclusion and Relevance

The results of this cross-sectional study suggest an altered humoral immune state in patients harboring a specific NCSTN variant and support the role of serum immunoglobulin G levels as a potential predictive biomarker of monogenic hidradenitis suppurativa. This may aid in identifying and prioritizing individuals with monogenic hidradenitis suppurativa.
Mental Health Disparities by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the All of Us Research Program
Authors: Lu Junjie Anderson , Soltani Shamsi , Austin S. Bryn , Rehkopf David H. , Lunn Mitchell R. , Langston Marvin E.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Limited research explores mental health disparities between individuals in sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations and cisgender heterosexual (non-SGM) populations using national-level data.

Objective

To explore mental health disparities between SGM and non-SGM populations across sexual orientation, sex assigned at birth, and gender identity within the All of Us Research Program.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study used survey data and linked electronic health records of eligible All of Us Research Program participants from May 31, 2017, to June 30, 2022.

Exposure

Self-identified SGM status.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Prevalence of common mental health conditions identified from linked electronic health records. Logistic regression adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, educational level, income, employment status, and geographic region was used to assess the association between SGM status and mental health conditions.

Results

Among 413 457 participants, 269 947 (65.3%) were included in the analysis (median age, 59 [IQR, 43-70] years), with 22 189 (8.2%) self-identified as SGM. Men with cisgender sexual minority identity had higher odds of bipolar disorder (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.87; 95% CI, 1.70-2.56) compared with cisgender heterosexual men. Women with cisgender sexual minority identity had higher odds of bipolar disorder (AOR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.95-2.25) compared with cisgender heterosexual women. Gender diverse people assigned female sex at birth had higher odds of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with both cisgender heterosexual men (AOR, 3.67; 95% CI, 2.99-4.50) and cisgender heterosexual women (AOR, 2.77; 95% CI, 2.26-3.40). Gender diverse individuals assigned male sex at birth had higher odds of bipolar disorder (AOR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.66-3.33) compared with cisgender heterosexual men and higher odds of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AOR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.48-3.23) compared with cisgender heterosexual women. Transgender men had higher odds of depression (AOR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.80-2.49) compared with cisgender heterosexual men, while transgender women had higher odds of any personality disorder (AOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.84-3.99) compared with cisgender heterosexual women.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study of participants in the All of Us Research Program, there were significant mental health disparities between participants in SGM and non-SGM groups. These findings underscore the need for tailored mental health interventions to improve the well-being of SGM populations, while noting that the associations do not imply causality but reflect the stigma and minority stress experienced by these individuals.
Listening Strategies
Authors: Bao Dat , Guan Cheng
Published: January 2025

This entry first introduces different types of second language listening strategies, including cognitive, metacognitive, affective, and social strategies, and how they contribute to comprehension achievement. Second, the authors delve into the pedagogical implications of understanding and implementing these strategies in language‐learning classrooms. Third, the work emphasizes the role of teachers in helping students develop effective listening abilities by promoting awareness of strategy use, providing exposure to diverse listening materials, addressing negative attitudes and beliefs, and leveraging digital media for instruction. Fourth, the work highlights the need for further research on the long‐term effects of strategy training, learners' ability to reflect on and improve strategy use, and the development of listening strategy use in the absence of explicit training. The discussion also underscores the significance of autonomous learning.
Moving Forward with Social‐Emotional Learning: Practical Strategies and Reflections for English Language Teachers
Authors: Martínez‐Alba Gilda , Herrera Luis Javier Pentón , Kruft Clare
Published: January 2025

Social‐emotional learning (SEL) has been linked to more effective classroom cultures in recent years to help students learn in a trusting environment (McNair & Pentón Herrera, 2022). The inclusion of SEL practices and activities in classrooms for English language teaching (ELT) is beginning to emerge as a topic of study as educators have seen how integral SEL is to language acquisition and student well‐being (Kovats Sánchez et al., 2022). This article cites some of the current research then explains examples of how practical SEL strategies can be used in classrooms with multilingual learners. Some examples include ways to know your students better, use positive psychology practices, select texts that help explore students' emotions, incorporate nature to ground students in their new environments, and work toward creating transformative SEL classrooms. This entry also embeds links to other resources to apply SEL within ELT.
Online Flipped Learning
Authors: Kostka Ilka , Marshall Helaine W.
Published: January 2025

Flipped learning originally emerged as a pedagogical model that removed explicit instruction of new material from class sessions to create more time for students to apply course content in class. The approach was developed to meet all students' needs and facilitate interactive student‐centered learning in on‐ground instruction. Nonetheless, it has emerged as a popular approach for online instruction as well, especially during the worldwide COVID‐19 pandemic. When instructors needed to quickly pivot instruction from on‐ground to online learning, many sought a robust method to ensure teaching excellence and provide learners with an engaging and interactive experience. In an online context, the flipped material is completed asynchronously, and in‐class activities are conducted in synchronous sessions. There are benefits and challenges to implementing online flipped learning, as well as implications for English language instructors who teach academic English courses.
Microstructural Evolution and Properties of ZrB2‐Reinforced AA6111 Aluminum Matrix Composites Subjected to Double‐Sided Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Wang GongLin , Li Hui , Wang XinYao , Sun CaiZhi , Jiao Lei , Zhang XiaoLong
Published: January 2025

Single‐sided friction stir processing (S‐FSP), owing to its intrinsic structural characteristics, including the advancing side and the retreating side and the nonuniformity of attributes, restricts the enhancement of the strength of aluminum composite materials. Herein, the preparation of AA6111/ZrB2 aluminum matrix composites, 4 mm in thickness, via an in situ autogenous casting process is presented. The composites undergo double‐sided FSP (D‐FSP) with varying parameters, utilizing an orthogonal test method. In these findings, it is indicated that the mean grain size of the nugget zone (NZ) post D‐FSP is reduced from 5.56 μm in S‐FSP to 4.65 μm, the percentage of low‐angle grain boundaries diminishes from 31.4% to 26.9%, and the recrystallized structure escalates from 49.7% to 65.2%. At a rotational speed of 1000 r min−1 and a processing speed of 40 mm min−1, the average hardness of the NZ of D‐FSP is augmented by 6.3% relative to S‐FSP; the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the material are enhanced by 1.6% and 31.7%, respectively, compared to S‐FSP, while the product of strength and elongation is increased by 33.2%.
Defect‐Enriched Heterojunction Coupling Nano‐Scale Polyhedron with Cavity Structure to Promote Rapid and Stable Sodium Storage
Authors: Zhu Huijuan , Wang Kai , Liu Qiming , Wang Jie , Hu Ting , Hu Siyuan
Published: January 2025

Transition Metal‐sulfides are considered as ideal anode materials in sodium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, the poor cyclic stability and rate performance at high current density impede their development. Therefore, defect‐enriched nano‐scale heterogeneous NiS2/Cu7.2S4 (NCSs) polyhedron with cavity structure are prepared through component regulation. The cavity structure is formed based on Kirkendall effect due to the component difference, tolerating the mechanical stress during the sodium storage process. And the nano‐scale size cuts down the diffusion path of Na+. Moreover, the defective heterojunction induces built‐in electric filed and active sites for sodium adsorption, improving electronic conductivity and boosting reaction kinetics, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations theoretically verify that heterojunction can improve electronic conductivity and boost charge transfer, further, enhancing the ability of Na+ adsorption. The synergistic effect of structural design and defective heterojunction construction effectively improves the electrochemical performance. Thus, NCSs electrode shows excellent cyclic stability (437.4 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 10 000 cycles) and rate performance (514.9 and 486.7 mAh g−1 at 5 and 10 A g−1, respectively) at high current densities. When assembled with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the NCSs|| Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell shows a cyclic performance of 128.2 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g−1.