bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alltagsontologie – Eine metaontologische Grundlegung
Authors: Kanzian Christian
Published: November 2020

Der vorliegende Band ist als erster Teil einer Summe der Ontologie konzipiert. Ziel ist eine Gesamtdarstellung der Ontologie, welche zusammen mit dieser metaontologischen Grundlegung eine darauf aufbauende kategoriale Ontologie und eine angewandte Ontologie umfassen soll. Dieses Buch ist dennoch ein abgeschlossenes Projekt. Sein Anliegen ist die Entwicklung einer Alltagsontologie in kritisch-konstruktiver Auseinandersetzung mit Vertreterinnen und Vertretern der aktuellen  metaontologischen Debatte. Mit dem Stichwort „Alltagsontologie“ ist auch die Leitidee der intendierten „Summe einer Ontologie“ auf den Punkt gebracht: Die Grundstrukturen der kategorialen Wirklichkeit finden wir weder an einer mikrophysikalischen Basis, noch in einem platonischen Ideenhimmel. Ontologie ist eine systematische Beschreibung der menschlichen Lebenswelt. Sie setzt an bei einer Reflexion auf die Voraussetzungen bezüglich Existenz und Existierendem, die wir in unserer alltäglichen Praxis machen. Dieses Programm erfordert fundamentale Naturalismuskritik, damit verbunden eine neue Etablierung der Ontologie als „Erste Philosophie“.
Visual Stimulus Content in V4 Is Conveyed by Gamma-Rhythmic Information Packages
Authors: Lisitsyn Dmitriy , Grothe Iris , Kreiter Andreas K. , Ernst Udo A.
Published: November 2020

Selective visual attention allows the brain to focus on behaviorally relevant information while ignoring irrelevant signals. As a possible mechanism, routing-by-synchronization was proposed: neural populations receiving attended signals align their gamma-rhythmic activity to that of the sending populations, such that incoming spikes arrive at excitability peaks of receiving populations, enhancing signal transfer. Conversely, non-attended signals arrive unaligned to the receiver's oscillation, reducing signal transfer. Therefore, visual signals should be transferred through gamma-rhythmic bursts of information, resulting in a modulation of the stimulus content within the receiving population's activity by its gamma phase and amplitude. To test this prediction, we quantified gamma-phase-dependent stimulus content within neural activity from area V4 of two male macaques performing a visual attention task. For the attended stimulus, we find highest stimulus information content near excitability peaks, an effect that increases with oscillation amplitude, establishing a functional link between selective processing and gamma-activity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe ability to focus on the behaviorally relevant signals is essential for the brain to cope with the continuous, high-dimensional stream of sensory information it receives. What are the neural mechanisms which allow such selective processing in the visual system? We analyzed data from area V4 and found that the amount of visual signal information content is tightly linked to the phase of local gamma-rhythmic activity, with maximal signal content occurring near peaks of neural excitability. Our investigations provide direct evidence that selective attention relies on rhythmic temporal coordination between visual areas, and establish novel methods for pinpointing pulsed transmission schemes in neural data.
Lysophospholipids Contribute to Oxaliplatin-Induced Acute Peripheral Pain
Authors: Rimola Vittoria , Hahnefeld Lisa , Zhao Junli , Jiang Changyu , Angioni Carlo , Schreiber Yannick , Osthues Tabea , Pierre Sandra , Geisslinger Gerd , Ji Ru-Rong , Scholich Klaus , Sisignano Marco
Published: November 2020

Oxaliplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug, which is used as first-line treatment for some types of colorectal carcinoma, causes peripheral neuropathic pain in patients. In addition, an acute peripheral pain syndrome develop in almost 90% of patients immediately after oxaliplatin treatment, which is poorly understood mechanistically but correlates with incidence and severity of the later-occurring neuropathy. Here we investigated the effects of acute oxaliplatin treatment in a murine model, showing that male and female mice develop mechanical hypersensitivity 24 h after oxaliplatin treatment. Interestingly, we found that the levels of several lipids were significantly altered in nervous tissue during oxaliplatin-induced acute pain. Specifically, the linoleic acid metabolite 9,10-EpOME (epoxide of linoleic acid) as well as the lysophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 18:1 and LPC 16:0 were significantly increased 24 h after oxaliplatin treatment in sciatic nerve, DRGs, or spinal cord tissue as revealed by untargeted and targeted lipidomics. In contrast, inflammatory markers including cytokines and chemokines, ROS markers, and growth factors are unchanged in the respective nervous system tissues. Importantly, LPC 18:1 and LPC 16:0 can induce Ca2+transients in primary sensory neurons, and we identify LPC 18:1 as a previously unknown endogenous activator of the ligand-gated calcium channels transient receptor potential V1 and M8 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential melastatin 8) in primary sensory neurons using both pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockout. Additionally, a peripheral LPC 18:1 injection was sufficient to induce mechanical hypersensitivity in naive mice. Hence, targeting signaling lipid pathways may ameliorate oxaliplatin-induced acute peripheral pain and the subsequent long-lasting neuropathy.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe first-line cytostatic drug oxaliplatin can cause acute peripheral pain and chronic neuropathic pain. The former is causally connected with the chronic neuropathic pain, but its mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we performed a broad unbiased analysis of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and ∼200 lipids in nervous system tissues 24 h after oxaliplatin treatment, which revealed a crucial role of lysophospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 18:1, LPC 16:0, and 9,10-EpOME in oxaliplatin-induced acute pain. We demonstrate for the first time that LPC 18:1 contributes to the activation of the ion channels transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential melastatin 8 in sensory neurons and causes mechanical hypersensitivity after peripheral injectionin vivo. These findings suggest that the LPC-mediated lipid signaling is involved in oxaliplatin-induced acute peripheral pain.
Macrophage-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Is Integral to Neuromuscular Junction Reinnervation after Nerve Injury
Authors: Lu Chuieng-Yi , Santosa Katherine B. , Jablonka-Shariff Albina , Vannucci Bianca , Fuchs Anja , Turnbull Isaiah , Pan Deng , Wood Matthew D. , Snyder-Warwick Alison K.
Published: November 2020

Functional recovery in the end target muscle is a determinant of outcome after peripheral nerve injury. The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) provides the interface between nerve and muscle and includes non-myelinating terminal Schwann cells (tSCs). After nerve injury, tSCs extend cytoplasmic processes between NMJs to guide axon growth and NMJ reinnervation. The mechanisms related to NMJ reinnervation are not known. We used multiple mouse models to investigate the mechanisms of NMJ reinnervation in both sexes, specifically whether macrophage-derived vascular endothelial growth factor-A (Vegf-A) is crucial to establishing NMJ reinnervation at the end target muscle. Both macrophage number and Vegf-A expression increased in end target muscles after nerve injury and repair. In mice with impaired recruitment of macrophages and monocytes (Ccr2−/− mice), the absence of CD68+ cells (macrophages) in the muscle resulted in diminished muscle function. Using a Vegf-receptor 2 (VegfR2) inhibitor (cabozantinib; CBZ) via oral gavage in wild-type (WT) mice resulted in reduced tSC cytoplasmic process extension and decreased NMJ reinnervation compared with saline controls. Mice with Vegf-A conditionally knocked out in macrophages (Vegf-Afl/fl; LysMCremice) demonstrated a more prolonged detrimental effect on NMJ reinnervation and worse functional muscle recovery. Together, these results show that contributions of the immune system are integral for NMJ reinnervation and functional muscle recovery after nerve injury.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis work demonstrates beneficial contributions of a macrophage-mediated response for neuromuscular junction (NMJ) reinnervation following nerve injury and repair. Macrophage recruitment occurred at the NMJ, distant from the nerve injury site, to support functional recovery at the muscle. We have shown hindered terminal Schwann cell (tSC) injury response and NMJ recovery with inhibition of: (1) macrophage recruitment after injury; (2) vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VegfR2) signaling; and (3) Vegf secretion from macrophages. We conclude that macrophage-derived Vegf is a key component of NMJ recovery after injury. Determining the mechanisms active at the end target muscle after motor nerve injury reveals new therapeutic targets that may translate to improve motor recovery following nerve injury.
ERα Signaling in GHRH/Kiss1 Dual-Phenotype Neurons Plays Sex-Specific Roles in Growth and Puberty
Authors: Garcia-Galiano David , Cara Alexandra L. , Tata Zachary , Allen Susan J. , Myers Martin G. , Schipani Ernestina , Elias Carol F.
Published: November 2020

Gonadal steroids modulate growth hormone (GH) secretion and the pubertal growth spurt via undefined central pathways. GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) neurons express estrogen receptor α (ERα) and androgen receptor (AR), suggesting changing levels of gonadal steroids during puberty directly modulate the somatotropic axis. We generated mice with deletion of ERα in GHRH cells (GHRHΔERα), which displayed reduced body length in both sexes. Timing of puberty onset was similar in both groups, but puberty completion was delayed in GHRHΔERαfemales. Lack of AR in GHRH cells (GHRHΔARmice) induced no changes in body length, but puberty completion was also delayed in females. Using a mouse model with two reporter genes, we observed that, while GHRHtdTomneurons minimally colocalize with Kiss1hrGFPin prepubertal mice, ∼30% of GHRH neurons coexpressed both reporter genes in adult females, but not in males. Developmental analysis ofGhrhandKiss1expression suggested that a subpopulation of ERα neurons in the arcuate nucleus of female mice undergoes a shift in phenotype, from GHRH to Kiss1, during pubertal transition. Our findings demonstrate that direct actions of gonadal steroids in GHRH neurons modulate growth and puberty and indicate that GHRH/Kiss1 dual-phenotype neurons play a sex-specific role in the crosstalk between the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes during pubertal transition.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLate maturing adolescents usually show delayed growth and bone age. At puberty, gonadal steroids have stimulatory effects on the activation of growth and reproductive axes, but the existence of gonadal steroid-sensitive neuronal crosstalk remains undefined. Moreover, the neural basis for the sex differences observed in the clinical arena is unknown. Lack of ERα in GHRH neurons disrupts growth in both sexes and causes pubertal delay in females. Deletion of androgen receptor in GHRH neurons only delayed female puberty. In adult females, not males, a subset of GHRH neurons shift phenotype to start producing Kiss1. Thus, direct estrogen action in GHRH/Kiss1 dual-phenotype neurons modulates growth and puberty and may orchestrate the sex differences in endocrine function observed during pubertal transition.
Assessment of Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Management of Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Patients
Authors: Singab Hamdy
Published: November 2020

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common problem in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). For AF ablation, bipolar radiofrequency ablation (BRA) achieves complete transmural ablation lines and reduces the risk of treatment failure. We analyzed the efficacy of BRA for sinus rhythm restoration in patients with AF undergoing CABG.
Methods: This prospective study included patients with permanent or paroxysmal AF scheduled to undergo BRA combined with CABG in our institution from May 2014 to June 2020. After discharge from hospital, all patients were seen every 6 months over 5 years to evaluate survival, sinus rhythm restoration, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class.
Results: We enrolled 168 patients, 97 (57.7%) with permanent AF (group I) and 71 (42.3%) with paroxysmal AF (group II) at 60 months. We found that group II patients had better sinus rhythm restoration rates after BRA with CABG than group I patients (P = .005). Overall mortality at 60 months was significantly lower in group II patients (2 [2.8%]) than patients in group I (14 [14.4%]; P = .01). The survival rate was significantly higher in group II than in group I (94% versus 72%; P = .0003) as shown by Kaplan–Meier analysis. The 95% confidence interval of the Cox hazards survival regression ratio was significantly different between groups (0.1792 [0.04069 to 0.7896]; P = .006). Long-term AF (>3 years) before BRA with CABG and permanent AF type were identified as predictors of post-BRA recurrent AF (P = .0001 and P = .005, respectively). NYHA class improved significantly at 60 months compared with baseline (P < .0001).
Conclusions: This study identified preoperative AF type and duration as predictors of the success of BRA combined with CABG.
Stability by the vector criterion of a mixed integer optimization problem with quadratic criterial fun ctions
Authors:   V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Lebedeva Т.Т. , Semenova N.V. ,   V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Sergienko T.I. ,   V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the study of qualitative characteristics of different concepts of stability of vector problems of mixed-integer optimization, namely, to identifying the conditions under which the set of Pareto-optimal solutions of the problem possesses some property of invariance defined in advance in relation to the external influences on initial data of the problem. We investigate the questions of stability with respect to data perturbations in a vector criterion of mixed-integer optimization problem. The necessary and sufficient conditions of stability of three types for a problem of finding the solutions of the Pareto set are found. Such conditions guarantee that the small variations of initial data of vector criterion: 1) do not result in new Paretooptimal solutions, 2) save all Pareto-optimal solutions of the problem and can admit new solutions, 3) do not change the set of Pareto-optimal solutions of the initial problem.
Cerium oxide nanoparticles and metformin increase the reliability of the prooxidant/antioxidant balance and the survival of ageing rats
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Nikitchenko Yu.V. , Klochkov V.K. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, SIC “IMK” of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Kavok N.S. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, SIC “IMK” of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Karpenko N.A. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, SIC “IMK” of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Sedyh O.O. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, SIC “IMK” of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Nikitchenko I.V. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Bozhkov A.I. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Yefimova S.L. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, SIC “IMK” of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Seminozhenko V.P. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, SIC “IMK” of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv
Published: November 2020

In comparison with the action of metformin — mimetic of the calorie restricted diet, which prolong the animals lifespan, it has been studied the effect of nanoparticles of cerium dioxide (CeO2 NPs (1-2 nm)) on survival, physiological indices (the concentration of thyroxine, rectal temperature), as well as biochemical indices (content of lipid hydroperoxides, aconitase, glutathione peroxidase, glutaredoxin, glutathione reductase, NADP+ -dehydrogenase activities (glucose-6-phosphate-, malate- and isocitrate dehydrogenase)) in serum, liver mitochondrial and postmitochondrial fraction of ageing rats. It has been found that the prolonged use of CeO2 NPs with drinking water (0.25-0.30 mg/kg of body weight per day) and metformin (100-110 mg/kg of body weight per day) from 670 days after the birth lead to a significant increase in survival (the median survival of control rats was 900, in animals treated with CeO2 NPs — 960, and metformin — 990 days), a decrease in rectal temperature, a slowdown in the decrease in the level of thyroxine in blood, and normalization of the prooxidant/antioxidant balance in liver and blood tissues. Calculated integral index of reliability of prooxidant-antioxidant balance (reliability coefficient) in the studied tissues of rats in response to the application of the CeO2 NPs increased 4.99 times, and metformin — 4.94 times compared to intact animals. The data obtained allow us concluding about the prospects of the CeO2 NPs, as well as metformin for the development of geroprotector drugs, increasing the healthspan and survival of an ageing organism.
Influence of pairs of alkali metal cations on the formation of complex phosphates at the crystallization of multicomponent self-fluxes
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Strutynska N.Yu. , Slobodyanik M.S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: November 2020

The regularities of phase formation in the systems (МІ1 + МІ2)2O—P2O5—TiO2—МІІO (МІ — Na, K, Rb; MII — Mg, Co, Ni) at the crystallization of multicomponent self-fluxes at the values of molar ratios: (МІ1 + МІ2)/Р = 1.0; Ti/Р = 0.25; MII/Ті = 1.0, and М І 1/М І 2 = 1.0 and 2.0 over the temperature interval of 1000-780 °C have been investigated. For mixed sodium-potassium-phosphate systems, regardless of the ratio of Na/K (1.0 or 2.0), the solidification without crystal formation was found. For Na/Rb-containing systems, the increasing of the so dium amount in the initial melt to the value of molar ratio Na/Rb = 2.0 promoted the crystalization of single crystals of NaTi2(PO4)3 doped by divalent metals ions. In the case of K-Rb-phosphate self-fluxes, it was found that the value of K/Rb = 2.0 is optimal for the growing of langbeinite-related single crystals (K/Rb)2MII0,5Ti1,5(PO4)3 (MII — Mg, Co, Ni) which belong to cubic system (space group P213). The calculated cell parameters for new phosphates (K/Rb)2MII 0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 depend on the nature of MII: a = 9.851(6) Å for Mg, a = 9.853(9) Å for Co and a = 9.850 (1) - for Ni. In the FTIR spectra of phosphates (K/Rb)2MII0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3, the characteristic modes in the region of 520-650 сm–1 and 1000-1250 сm-1 which have been assigned to symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations (ν4, ν1 and ν3) of phosphate tetrahedron confirmed the presence of orthophosphate type anion in their composition. According to results of thermal analysis, the melting points of (K/Rb)2MII0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 are at a temperatures of 1082 °С for MII — Ni, 1057 °С for MII — Co, and above 1100 °С for MII — Mg. The synthesized complex phosphates have been investigated using the powder X-Ray diffraction method, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, and FTIR-spectroscopy.
Screening of growth-simulating activity of synthetic compounds - pyrimidine derivatives
Authors:   Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Mohilnikova I.V. ,   National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”, Kyiv, Tsygankova V.A. ,   V.P. Kuchar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Solomyannyi R.M. ,   V.P. Kuchar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Brovarets V.S. ,   V.P. Kuchar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Bilko N.М. ,   National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”, Kyiv, Yemets А.І. ,   Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv,   National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”, Kyiv
Published: November 2020

New synthetic compounds — pyrimidine derivatives — were screened to select the most effective of them, which show a growth-regulating activity in plants. Their action was compared with phytohormones of the auxin class. In particular, the effect of synthetic compounds on the seed germination, growth, and development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants of Lagidny variety in vivo and in vitro was studied. It was found that some of the studied compounds have a positive effect on the morphometric and biochemical parameters of 30-day-old plants: compounds D1-D5 increased seed germination up to 9-27 %, the most effective among them was compound D1. Compounds D1 and D2 increased the height of the shoots up to 29 %. All the studied compounds effectively influenced the rooting of plants, increasing either the length of the roots (up to 8 %) or their number (up to 25 %), the most effective among them was the compound D2. The effect of these compounds on the morphogenetic potential of tomato explants was studied in vitro for the first time. It was found that compounds D1 and D2 were the most effective for the direct plant regeneration. Screened compounds can be further recommended for the use in various biotechnological programs for genetic improvement of tomatoes.
Biological and physicochemical properties of cymbidium mosaic virus
Authors:   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Parkhomenko N.I. , Maksymenko L.A. ,   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Didenko L.F. ,   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: November 2020

The isolated cymbidium mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most wide-spread and dangerous pathogens that infects promising varieties of orchids. It causes characteristic symptoms on orchid plants, which are manifested in the form of a mosaic. Over time, these areas are necrotized, leading to the stop of flowering the plants and reducing their decorative value. The CyMV is not spread by insects-carriers, but is transmitted by the mechanical inoculation with juice. Electron microscopy revealed flexible filamentous viral particles with a length of about 500 nm. The purified viral preparation is sedimented with a single peak with a sedimentation coefficient of 142S. The floating density of the virus in the preformed CsCl gradient corresponded to 1.3 g/cm3. The electrophoretic analysis of proteins in polyacrylamide gel under denatured conditions showed the presence of two polypeptides with molecular weights of 27 and 31 kDa. RNA CyMV has a molecular weight of 2 · 106 Da. In the translation system of rabbit reticulocytes in vitro, a protein with a molecular weight of about 27 kDa is synthesized. The obtained data allow us to refer CyMV to the group of potexviruses.
137Cs circulation in forest ecosystems on the territory of the Chernobyl exclusion zone (Soil)
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Research of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zarubina N.Ye.
Published: November 2020

Seasonal changes in the content of 137Cs in soils were studied at three forest ecosystems in the territory of the Chernobyl exclusion zone. The soils were selected layer by layer: A0l, A0f+A0h, 0-5 and 5-10 cm with the frequency of once every two weeks during 2013-2015. Intermittent changes in the levels of the specific activity of 137Cs in all studied soil layers during the calendar year were recorded at the sites. The dependences of the content of 137Cs in different soil layers on the season of the year have not been identified. The calculation of correlation coeffi cients indicates the existence of a relationship between fluctuations in the concentration of radiocaesium only between layers of 0-5 and 5-10 cm. Air temperature and precipitation over different time intervals preceding the sampling do not affect the redistribution of 137Cs in the soil of the forest ecosystems. It has been suggested that the absence of seasonal patterns of changes in the content of 137Cs in soils is associated with its heterogeneity (different amounts of soil biota in each sample).
ЗАТРАТИ НА УТРИМАННЯ РОБОЧОЇ СИЛИ ТА ЇЇ ВАРТІСТЬ: ПОНЯТТЯ, ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ, ПОКАЗНИКИ
Authors: КУЛІКОВ Геннадій
Published: November 2020

Уточнено поняття «затрати на утримання робочої сили» і «вартість робочої сили». Показано відмінність понять «затрати на утримання робочої сили» і «загальна вартість робочої сили», «ціна робочої сили» і «заробітна плата», «компенсація» і «заробітна плата», «затрати на утримання робочої сили» і «затрати на персонал», Уточнено поняття «затрати на утримання робочої сили, що не належать до фонду оплати праці». Розглянуто значущість цих затрат як фактора відтворення робочої сили в системі соціально-трудових відносин.Виявлено тенденції затрат на утримання робочої сили та їх структурних елементів в Україні та зарубіжних країнах, проведено їх порівняльний аналіз. Обгрунтовано відмінність між «виробничою вартістю робочої сили» (тобто «реальною вартістю робочої сили для виробника») і «реальною споживною вартістю робочої сили» (тобто «реальною вартістю робочої сили для найманого працівника» як споживача товарів і послуг).Показано відмінності в показниках вартості робочої сили в Україні та країнах ЄС, надано пропозиції щодо використання нових показників. Вироблено рекомендації з розвитку системи обліку вартості робочої сили в бік її гнучкості, оперативності та достовірності, зокрема, щодо ведення квартального обліку індексів вартості праці, погодинної заробітної плати, рівнів затрат праці.Визначено цілі використання статистичної інформації про затрати роботодавця на утримання робочої сили. Оцінено показники затрат на утримання робочої сили користувачами цієї інформації. Обгрунтовано потребу підприємств у додатковій інформації.
Social responsibility of non-government organizations in Ukraine: current state
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine, Vitkovska I. M.
Published: November 2020

Author uses secondary analysis of the results of empirical sociological and statistical studies to identify the main trends in the development of non-government organizations (NGOs) in Ukraine: the growing number of registered NGOs; increasing number of non-government social organizations and increasing number of implemented projects for the provision of social services to internally displaced persons, anti-terrorist operation participants and people who belong to vulnerable groups, or/and are in complicated life circumstances. The purpose of the article is to consider the current state of social responsibility of NGOs in Ukraine. The social responsibility of NGOs is defined in the paper as “a characteristic that is integrated into the activities of the NGO based on its Statute and implemented in practice by providing services on a professional basis, following international norms, to achieve socially significant goals, solving acute social problems, ensuring sustainable development of the community, the region, and the country as a whole”. To have an in-depth study of the basic principles of social responsibility of NGOs, the author conducted a content analysis of 200 websites of NGOs. Content analysis questionnaire included such indicators as annual financial report; annual non-financial report; NGO’s development strategy; information about partners, etc. The main indicators of social responsibility of NGOs are in compliance of the organization’s charter developed according to requirements of the current Ukrainian legislation and the provisions of international standards; transparent activities taking into account the interests of stakeholders, availability of annual reports (financial and non-financial), etc.
Peculiarities and problems of implementation of state youth housing loans programs in Ukraine
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas 15, Karpatska Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76019, Ukraine, Bodnaruk I. L.
Published: November 2020

The article dwells upon one of the most essential needs and benefits of the population – providing their own housing. Most young people are unable to solve housing problems on their own, so government support is significant to them. The issue of creating appropriate conditions that will increase the level of housing for the population is still relevant today. Theoretical and practical results of the study were obtained using the following methods: synthesis, analysis of evaluation methods, logical generalization. The works of many domestic scientists are devoted to the research of the problems of the state housing policy, among which: V.O. Omelchuk, V.B. Averyanov, M.F. Holovaty, P.I. Shestopalov, E.A. Sokolovskiy, E.O. Bublyk and others. The article analyzes the state and identifies the main features of the implementation of state programs of youth housing loans. Insufficient state funding for these programs, the constant growth of the number of citizens who need the state to ensure appropriate social living standards. All this encourages the search for new ways to improve the availability of real estate financing systems. One of them may be affordable mortgage loans. This will allow to effectively develop, in addition to housing programs for youth soft loans, a socially oriented mortgage market. Proposals have been made for the provision of affordable mortgage loans, depending on the level of solvency of the population, which will solve critical social problems of both young people and other categories of citizens. The opportunity to get their own housing in the future will increase the level of protection of vulnerable social groups, which in turn will encourage people to live and work in Ukraine.
Migrants in big cities of Ukraine: composition and socio-economic involvement
Authors:   Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 60, Taras Shevchenko Boulevard, Kyiv, 01032, Ukrain, Maidanik I. P.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify the main migration groups of big cities of Ukraine, to define the features of their involvement in cities labour markets and infrastructure services at the local level. The work is aimed at resolving the scientific contradiction between the high concentration of migrants in specific cities and researches, which are carried out mostly at the state level. The change of research focus from the national to the local level determines the relevance and novelty of the publication. The article structures the subject field of migration research at the level of certain settlements (localities). Depending on the degree of arrived population, integration into the organization of the city system, the article distinguishes two main types of persons: migrant visitors and migrant residents. The first group includes people who live outside big cities but make regular trips there to study or work (so-called pendulum and shift migrants). The significant impact of this group is on the transport infrastructure of Ukraine’s big cities, which is currently in need of renovation and modernization. Migrant residents, arriving in big cities, settle there for a long time or for good, thus creating more robust and diverse connections with the locality of arrival. This group’s presence mostly affects housing, communal, household and educational infrastructure of big cities. The category of migrant residents in big cities has quite a heterogeneous composition: this includes foreigners and Ukrainians who came from other regions (among which there is a large group of internally displaced persons). Socio-economic involvement of international immigrants largely depends on the legal status holding.
Digest of U-Report surveys: 3rd quarter of 2020 (youth health concerns, distance learning, and work during pandemic, volunteering during quarantine, youth participation in local elections)
Authors:   NGO “Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Кyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Nesterenko Ye. O. , Liudohovska K. V. ,   NGO “Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

Paper presents the results of the innovative youth project U-Report. Report for July – September 2020: youth health concerns, visiting doctors, health care for adolescents and young people, distance learning and work after the pandemic, support for distance learning teachers, career prospects for young people during the COVID-19 crisis, youth volunteer practices, the impact of quarantine for volunteering, barriers to volunteering, youth participation in local elections.
PARA VE MALİYE POLİTİKALARININ SAĞLIK SEKTÖRÜ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ VE TÜRKİYE İNCELEMESİ
Authors: AYYILDIZ ONARAN Zahide , BAL YILDIZ Esra
Published: November 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, iktisat politikasının alt ana politikaları olan para ve maliye politikalarının sağlık sektörü üzerindeki etkisini Türkiye örneği üzerinden ortaya koyabilmektir.
Çalışmada para ve maliye politikasının sağlık sektörü üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla para politikası ve maliye politikası etkisinin tespit için iki ayrı model kullanılmıştır. Kurulan modeller aracılığıyla öncelikle eşbütünleşme analizi yapılmış daha sonra VAR modeli aracılığıyla, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler hata düzeltme modeli (VECM) ve Etki-Tepki analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda para politikalarına kıyasla maliye politikalarının sağlık sektörü üzerinde daha etkili ve duyarlı politikalar olduğu görülmüştür.
Jel Kodları: E52, E62, I11, 023.
Handbook for Scientometrics: Indicators of science and technology development
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Akoev M. , Markusova V. ,   All-Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (VINITI),   Institute for Study of Science, Moskaleva O. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Pislyakov V. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: November 2020

The second edition of Handbook on Scientometrics is designed to provide an overview of the field of scientometrics. The Handbook describes the history of creation of the breakthrough concept of citation indexing by Dr. Eugene Garfield, and development of the first multidisciplinary scholarly citation index, the Science Citation Index. Application of scientometric tools and methods in research management and resource allocation is discussed. Authors survey various scientometric indicators relevant to individual researchers, journals, research institutions and whole countries. Authors explore new types of indicators, such as altmetrics, relationship between scientometric indicators and the nature of scientific communication, and various methods of visualizing scientometric information. Possibilities and limitations of various scientometric techniques are examined. Authors highlight the need for an informed and reasonable approach to the use of quantitative indicators for research assessment. The Handbook includes Russian translations of two research reports by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). The Handbook is intended for use by researchers, science analysts, universities and research institutions administrators, libraries and information centers staff, graduate students, and the general reader interested in scientometrics and research evaluation.
Assessment of trauma scoring systems in patients subjected to exploratory laparotomy
Authors: FONSECA MARIANA KUMAIRA , PATINO LEDWYNG DAVID GONZÁLEZ , DA-CUNHA CARLOS EDUARDO BASTIAN , BALDISSERA NEIVA , CRESPO ANTÔNIO ROGÉRIO PROENÇA TAVARES , BREIGEIRON RICARDO , GUS JADER
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing exploratory trauma laparotomy based on severity and prognosis criteria, and to determine the predictive accuracy of trauma scoring systems in terms of morbidity and mortality. Methods: retrospective cohort study and review of medical records of patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy for blunt or penetrating trauma at the Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre, from November 2015 to November 2019. Demographic data, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, physiological (RTS and Shock Index), anatomical (ISS, NISS and ATI) and combined (TRISS and NTRISS) trauma scores, intraoperative findings, postoperative complications, length of stay and outcomes. Results: 506 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 31 ± 13 years, with the majority being males (91.3%). Penetrating trauma was the most common mechanism of injury (86.2%), predominantly by firearms. The average RTS at hospital admission was 7.5 ± 0.7. The mean ISS and NISS was 16.5 ± 10.1 and 22.3 ± 13.6, respectively. The probability of survival estimated by TRISS was 95.5%, and by NTRISS 93%. The incidence of postoperative complications was 39.7% and the overall mortality was 12.8%. The most accurate score for predicting mortality was the NTRISS (88.5%), followed by TRISS, NISS and ISS. Conclusion: the study confirms the applicability of trauma scores in the studied population. The NTRISS seems to be the best predictor of morbidity and mortality.
Os conselhos de saúde e a publicização dos instrumentos de gestão do SUS: uma análise dos portais das capitais brasileiras
Authors: Santos Christiane Luiza , Santos Paloma Maria , Pessali Huascar Fialho , Rover Aires José
Published: November 2020

Resumo Coparticipantes na atuação, planejamento e controle da execução de políticas públicas, os conselhos de saúde constituem espaços públicos que objetivam a participação e o controle social das ações em saúde que dizem respeito à coletividade. O acesso à informação é uma condição imprescindível para que não só conselheiros, mas a sociedade civil como um todo, possa propor, monitorar e avaliar as ações empreendidas na área da saúde. A partir desse entendimento e da orientação advinda da Lei 141/2012 sobre dar visibilidade aos instrumentos de gestão do SUS, o presente estudo buscou verificar como os portais das prefeituras das capitais brasileiras têm divulgado seus conselhos de saúde e os instrumentos necessários para a análise, o monitoramento e o acompanhamento da política de saúde. Apesar de recomendada por lei, a pesquisa mostrou que a publicidade é dada de distintas maneiras pelas capitais. Apenas 14% dos portais investigados disponibilizam nas páginas dos conselhos os instrumentos de gestão do SUS e 33% deles não divulgam nem informações sobre o conselho nem sobre os instrumentos de gestão. A ausência de tais conteúdos pode levar ao enfraquecimento da institucionalidade do conselho e, com isso, da própria democracia participativa.
A paridade pode influenciar na alimentação do lactente nos primeiros seis meses de vida?
Authors: Neves Renata Oliveira , Bernardi Juliana Rombaldi , Silva Clécio Homrich da , Goldani Marcelo Zubaran , Bosa Vera Lucia
Published: November 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a influência da paridade no aleitamento materno e na introdução da alimentação complementar nos primeiros seis meses de vida. Estudo longitudinal com uma amostra de conveniência de pares mães-filhos, selecionados no pós-parto e acompanhados até o sexto mês de vida, de 2011 a 2016, em Porto Alegre, Brasil. Foi analisado o tempo da primeira mamada após o nascimento, a prática e o tempo de aleitamento materno, o consumo de outros leites e a introdução da alimentação complementar. A amostra consistiu de 161 díades, com 74 primíparas e 87 multíparas. As multíparas iniciaram antes o aleitamento materno nas primeiras 24 horas pós-parto (p = 0,019). A oferta de outros leites não mostrou diferença em relação à paridade, assim como o momento da introdução alimentar; ainda que tanto primíparas como multíparas o fizeram antes dos quatro meses de vida. A paridade pareceu influenciar o momento da primeira oferta do aleitamento materno, mas não a introdução da alimentação complementar, apesar de esta ter ocorrido precocemente. Neste sentido, se faz necessária a maior difusão de informações sobre aleitamento materno e alimentação infantil durante a assistência pré-natal e puericultura, para melhoria da saúde materno-infantil.
Contaminação em larga escala por Bisfenol-A: estamos conscientes do risco e formas de exposição?
Authors: Daronch Oona Tomiê , Lima Mariana de Medeiros , Gil Isabella , Bittencourt Sofia Simioni , Ingenchki Vanessa , Maluf Eliane Mara Cesário Pereira
Published: November 2020

Resumo O Bisfenol-A (BFA) é uma substância amplamente empregada no cotidiano, principalmente nos materiais plásticos. Este estudo avaliou a exposição de universitários ao disruptor endócrino BFA, o conhecimento dos mesmos acerca dessa substância e dos seus danos à saúde humana. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo realizado com 500 estudantes de uma Universidade de Curitiba. A amostra foi selecionada de forma proporcional as três grandes áreas do conhecimento, sendo que os cursos entrevistados foram sorteados. Aos estudantes aplicou-se um questionário objetivo composto por três partes: socioeconômica, avaliação da exposição e testes de conhecimento. Dos respondentes, 91,3% consomem alimentos armazenados em embalagens plásticas, 90,06% utilizam bebidas nesse tipo de recipiente e 84,8% consomem bebidas/alimentos enlatados. Entretanto, apenas 19,8% já ouviram falar em BFA e 97,2% não sabem sobre a relação entre a exposição ao BFA e alterações endócrinas. Observou-se uma alta taxa de exposição ao BFA e um baixo nível de conhecimento sobre o assunto. Essa desproporção evidencia a necessidade de pesquisas mais aprofundadas sobre o tema na população brasileira, além da ampliação de medidas informativas.
Factors associated with instrumental activities of daily living dependence in the elderly: a case-control study
Authors: Lini Ezequiel Vitorio , Lima Alisson Padilha de , Cardoso Fabricio Bruno , Portella Marilene Rodrigues , Doring Marlene
Published: November 2020

Abstract The main goal of the study was to determine the factors associated with dependence to perform instrumental activities of daily living in the elderly. A population-based case-control study was conducted, with 180 elderly people from Passo Fundo-RS, 2014. The cases were represented by 60 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living residents of the urban area of the city. The controls were represented by 120 individuals, not dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living, residents of the urban area of the city. Crude and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression were performed to test the association between the outcome and the independent variables, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and calculating the 95% confidence intervals respectively. All the variables with p ≤ 0.20 were included in the final model. Remained statistically significant after adjusted analysis: being aged 80 years or more (OR = 1.76; CI95%: 1.01-3.08), having studied from 1 to 4 years (OR = 2.36; CI95%: 1.35-4.14), being illiterate (OR = 2.98; CI95%: 1.52-5.84), having Parkinson’s disease (OR = 2.44; CI95%: 1.39-4.29) and the presence of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.88; CI95%: 1.30-2.72).
Qualidade da dieta segundo a autoavaliação de adolescentes: resultados do ISACamp-Nutri
Authors: Carvalho Samantha Dalbosco Lins , Barros Filho Antonio de Azevedo , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Assumpção Daniela de
Published: November 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se estimar as prevalências de autoavaliação da qualidade da dieta de adolescentes e identificar os motivos de não a considerar muito boa/boa; calcular o escore global e de cada componente do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado (IQD-R) segundo as categorias de autoavaliação. Estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra por conglomerados e em dois estágios, realizado em Campinas-SP. Foram analisadas 891 entrevistas. As prevalências de autoavaliação da qualidade da dieta foram de 57,3% como muito boa/boa, 34,6% como regular e 8,1% como ruim/muito ruim. A autoavaliação como regular ou ruim foi associada ao consumo de doces, salgadinhos/biscoitos, cereais integrais (10-14 anos) e de fast-food (15-19 anos). Para os que foram classificados com pior qualidade da dieta (1º tercil dos escores do IQD-R), 52,5% consideravam a alimentação muito boa/boa e apenas 13,1% como ruim/muito ruim. O escore do IQD-R revelou-se significativamente menor nos que achavam a alimentação ruim (50,0 pontos) comparados aos que disseram muito boa/boa (55,4 pontos). Os que consideravam a alimentação ruim apresentaram consumo inferior de frutas, cereais integrais, e superior de gorduras sólidas e açúcares. Os achados revelam incoerência na autoavaliação da qualidade da dieta em relação aos escores insatisfatórios observados.
Informação sobre benzodiazepínicos: o que a internet nos oferece?
Authors: Ramos Thales Brandi , Bokehi Luciana Castilho , Oliveira Erika Barreto de , Gomes Marcel da Silva Amorim , Bokehi José Raphael , Castilho Selma Rodrigues de
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este trabalho analisou a qualidade da informação veiculada na internet sobre 4 benzodiazepínicos amplamente utilizados no Brasil: alprazolam, bromazepam, clonazepam e diazepam. Essa escolha se justifica pelo fato desses medicamentos serem amplamente utilizados, poderem gerar dependência química e a internet ser importante fonte de informação sobre eles. Foram analisados 20 sites para cada medicamento. Mais da metade (56,3%) dos sites foram classificados como deficientes ou muito deficientes. Os problemas mais frequentes foram a ausência da descrição do responsável pelo sítio (60%), informação incompleta (62,5%), ausência de contato para informação adicional (45%) e da última data da atualização (82%). Os resultados reforçam a preocupação com a qualidade da informação em saúde veiculada na internet, já apontada pela literatura, e a necessidade de adoção de critérios mínimos de qualidade para esta informação.
mHealth na prevenção das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST)
Authors: Sales Rafaela Oliveira de , Silva Raimunda Magalhães da
Published: November 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar na literatura como os aplicativos foram elaborados e como influenciam na prevenção das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST). Levantou-se nas bases de dados PubMed, Periódicos da CAPES e Bireme utilizando os descritores “sexually transmitted diseases” e “mHealth” combinados pelo conector booleano AND. Considerou-se o período entre 2013 e 2017, artigos disponibilizados “on-line” em português e inglês. Os resultados dos estudos mostraram que para a elaboração do aplicativo a pesquisa formativa prevaleceu como método e o grupo focal como a técnica para a coleta de dados. Essa técnica objetiva a troca de experiencia e oportuniza a discussão de assuntos inerentes às infecções. Considera-se que os aplicativos foram construídos com rigor metodológico com a participação de usuários e com recursos instrucionais que influenciam o manejo da prevenção e o controle das infecções.
Disordered eating and body change behaviours: support for the Tripartite Influence Model among Brazilian male university students
Authors: Carvalho Pedro Henrique Berbert de , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: November 2020

Abstract The Tripartite Influence Model posits that sociocultural influences mediated by internalization and social comparison are predictors of disordered eating and body change behaviours. This study aimed to test the Tripartite Influence Model among Brazilian male university students, which has not been tested yet. 707 undergraduate students of the five Brazilian regions, completed measures of sociocultural influences, internalization, social comparison, body and muscularity dissatisfaction, disordered eating and body change behaviours. Structural equation modelling analyses showed good model-fitting. Parental influence was related to internalization, while peer influence with social comparison. Media influences were related to both internalization and social comparison. Internalization and social comparison are mediating variables that are related to body dissatisfaction and muscularity dissatisfaction. Finally, muscularity dissatisfaction was associated with body change behaviours.