bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reproducing inversion formulas and uncertainty principles for the windowed Fourier transform related to the spherical mean operator
Authors: Hleili Khaled
Published: May 2023

We define and study the windowed Fourier transform, called also the Gabor transform, associated with the spherical mean operator and we prove for this transform the reproducing inversion formulas. We also prove several versions of Heisenberg type inequalities, Donoho–Stark’s uncertainty principles and finally Faris–Price’s uncertainty principle for the previous transform.
Exponential stability for porous system of thermoelasticity-type III with past history and distributed delay term
Authors: Ouchenane Djamel , Bouzettouta Lamine , Hebhoub Fahima , Yazid Fares
Published: May 2023

As a continuity to the study by Ouchenane et al. [On the Porous-elastic system with thermoelasticity of type III and distributed delay: Well-posedness and stability, J. Funct. Spaces (2021) 1–12], we consider a one-dimensional linear thermoelastic system of porous type with past history and distributed delay term. This model deals with dynamics of engineering structures and non-classical problems of mathematical physics. It includes new results and their proofs with a help of the energy method combined with Lyapunov functional, we discuss the stability of system for the case of equal speeds of wave propagation.
Heli-Quad Design for Full-Attitude Fault-Tolerant Control Under Complete Failure of an Actuator
Authors: Kulkarni Eeshan , Sundararajan Narasimhan , Sundaram Suresh
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a reliable variable pitch propeller (VPP) quadcopter with a cambered airfoil propeller called Heli-quad that achieves full-attitude control under a complete failure of one actuator. The idea of employing a cambered airfoil in the propeller blade plays a pivotal role in the full attitude control under the failure of an actuator. Experimental data shows that the cambered airfoil propellers generate significantly higher torque than symmetric airfoil propellers, enabling yaw control even under a complete failure of an actuator. The theoretical analysis clearly indicates that Heli-Quad with three actuators is sufficient to provide full-attitude control. The proposed unified fault-tolerant controller consists of a outer loop position tracking controller, a proportional-derivative inner loop attitude controller, and a novel neural-network-based reconfigurable control allocation scheme that computes the actuator commands. Experimentally validated propeller aerodynamic data has been used to train the neural network. High-fidelity software-in-the-loop simulations using the SIMSCAPE environment are carried out to analyze the Heli-quad’s performance. From the empirical result, the maximum tolerable delay in Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) is 180 ms. The results indicate that even under the complete failure of one actuator, the position tracking performance of the Heli-quad is closer to nominal conditions.
Development Zones and Firm Innovation: Evidence from Shanghai
Authors: OUYANG Hanzhen , LI Chang , LIU Guangwei , ZHANG Mingxin , LEE Brice Tseen Fu
Published: May 2023

A majority of Chinese high-tech firms were founded in development zones established by the Chinese government. It is necessary to identify the impacts of development zones on firms’ innovation (hereinafter referred to as “innovation effects”) as well as the possible knowledge spillover of development zones. Different types of zones, due to their different administrative levels and original purposes of establishment, may have different innovation effects. In this paper, the innovation effects of the Shanghai development zones are identified by using the geographic range of Shanghai development zones as well as geographic coordinates, patents, and research and development (R&D) data of manufacturing firms. The research results robustly show that there are significant and positive innovation effects of development zones. Through the use of regression analysis and by using firm data on both sides of zone boundaries, we observe knowledge spillovers. We also test a possible mechanism for the innovation effects of development zones.
SSProve: A Foundational Framework for Modular Cryptographic Proofs in Coq
Authors: Haselwarter Philipp G. , Rivas Exequiel , Van Muylder Antoine , Winterhalter Théo , Abate Carmine , Sidorenco Nikolaj , Hriţcu Cătălin , Maillard Kenji , Spitters Bas
Published: May 2023

State-separating proofs (SSP) is a recent methodology for structuring game-based cryptographic proofs in a modular way, by using algebraic laws to exploit the modular structure of composed protocols. While promising, this methodology was previously not fully formalized and came with little tool support. We address this by introducing SSProve, the first general verification framework for machine-checked state-separating proofs. SSProve combines high-level modular proofs about composed protocols, as proposed in SSP, with a probabilistic relational program logic for formalizing the lower-level details, which together enable constructing machine-checked cryptographic proofs in the Coq proof assistant. Moreover, SSProve is itself fully formalized in Coq, including the algebraic laws of SSP, the soundness of the program logic, and the connection between these two verification styles.

To illustrate SSProve, we use it to mechanize the simple security proofs of ElGamal and pseudo-random-function–based encryption. We also validate the SSProve approach by conducting two more substantial case studies: First, we mechanize an SSP security proof of the key encapsulation mechanism–data encryption mechanism (KEM-DEM) public key encryption scheme, which led to the discovery of an error in the original paper proof that has since been fixed. Second, we use SSProve to formally prove security of the sigma-protocol zero-knowledge construction, and we moreover construct a commitment scheme from a sigma-protocol to compare with a similar development in CryptHOL. We instantiate the security proof for sigma-protocols to give concrete security bounds for Schnorr’s sigma-protocol.
Flow down gradients: the problem of pressure in this physiology core concept
Authors: Nocke Helmut , Meyer Frank , Lessmann Volkmar
Published: May 2023

This article addresses physiology teachers and in particular the authors of the core concept of flow down gradients. Using mean arterial pressure (MAP) as an example, we demonstrate the conceptual problems of pressure that must be considered in teaching to prevent misconceptions. Even in beginner courses, the acting pressures should be clearly distinguished (e.g., MAP vs. perfusion pressure). In advanced courses, we recommend a mathematical description of pressure (Ohm’s law and Bernoulli’s equation).
Insights into motor memory interference among experts and competent individuals
Authors: Escalante Yori R. , Lei Yuming
Published: May 2023

Memory interference can arise when multiple motor skill tasks are learned. A study by Nepotiuk and Brown (Nepotiuk AH, Brown LE. J Neurophysiol 128: 969–981, 2022) demonstrated that the susceptibility of motor memory to interference differs depending on expertise, using a vegetable-chopping task. The authors suggest that the motor memories of expert chefs and competent home cooks are organized differently. This Neuro Forum article offers an alternative explanation for their results and provides insights into motor memory processing in both experts and competents.
5G Channel Estimation Based on Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Nguyen T. H. Phuoc , To Thanh-Nha , Tran-Thi Dung , Le-Trung Quan
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a novel approach, based on the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), for channel estimation in wireless communication systems. The proposed method provides a means to accurately estimate the wireless channel, while not requiring the statistical characteristics of the channel. This method uses the WOA to search for the best channel statistical characteristics toward the ultimate goal of having the smallest bit error rate (BER). The proposed approach is aimed at enhancing the efficiency of pilot-based OFDM systems under frequency-selective fading channels used in the performance testing of 5G New Radio gNodeB. In terms of BER and mean square error (MSE), the performance of the proposed WOA-based channel estimation algorithm is evaluated and compared with the conventional least square (LS) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides highly competitive performance over the MMSE algorithm and significantly outperforms the LS algorithm in a variety of system configurations. Since the requirement on prior channel statistics information makes the MMSE algorithm impractical or extremely complex, the proposed WOA-based channel estimation algorithm should be a suitable and promising candidate for dealing with channel estimation problems. The simulation framework is implemented in MATLAB and available upon request.
Avulsion of Permanent Mandibular Incisors: A Report of Two Cases with Pertinent Literature
Authors: Kaur Ibadat Preet , Sharan Jitendra , Sinha Pallawi , Kumar Ashok , Marya Anand
Published: May 2023

Introduction. This study reports two rare cases of avulsion of permanent mandibular incisors with their sequelae after being reimplanted by two contrary methods. The relevant literature regarding the avulsion of permanent mandibular incisors is also being discussed. Case Presentation. In Case I, a 9-year-old girl reported an avulsion of the permanent mandibular left lateral incisor that was immediately reimplanted within 20 minutes after injury, whereas in Case II, all four permanent mandibular incisors were avulsed and reimplanted after a prolonged extraoral dry time of 36 hours in an 18-year-old female. Both cases missed their scheduled follow-up visits and were reported after 3.5 years and 7 months, respectively, with severe root and alveolar bone resorption that was confirmed by clinical examination and Intra oral periapical radiograph (IOPA) radiographs. Discussion. Avulsion of permanent mandibular incisors is rare. The similar unfavorable outcome of contrary cases at a variable duration of time after missed follow-up illustrates the role of the appropriate treatment protocol and regular follow-up visits for the long-term success of reimplanted teeth.
Effects of Ferroptosis on Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Xu Jiayi , Pi Jinkui , Zhang Yanjing , Zhou Jinhan , Zhang Shuxia , Wu Sisi
Published: May 2023

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, which causes membrane injury. Under the catalysis of iron ions, cells deficient in glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) cannot preserve the balance in lipid oxidative metabolism, and the buildup of reactive oxygen species on the membrane lipids leads to cell death. An increasing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a significant role in the development and occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, we mainly elaborated on the molecular mechanisms regulating ferroptosis and its impact on cardiovascular disease to lay the groundwork for future studies on the prophylaxis and treatment of this patient population.
Workplace Spirituality, Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress: A Cross‐Sectional Study in Iranian Nurses
Authors: Farmahini Farahani Moloud , Jaberi Kimia , Purfarzad Zahra
Published: May 2023

Purpose. This study aimed to (1) assess the levels and associations of workplace spirituality (WPS), compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) among Iranian nurses; and (2) identify the impact of WPS components on CS, BO, and STS while controlling for demographic variables. Design and Methods. In this descriptive, cross‐sectional, and correlational study, 295 nurses were selected via proportionate stratified sampling from five hospitals affiliated with the Arak University of Medical Sciences in Iran from June 2022 to December 2022. The scale of workplace spirituality and Professional Quality of Life version 5 (ProQOL‐5) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS24 and descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression). Findings. The mean scores of WPS, CS, BO, and STS were 63.27, 36.55, 27.31, and 29.58, respectively. The highest percentages of nurses reported moderate CS, BO, and STS levels, reaching rates of 76.3%, 80%, and 86.1%, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed that CS had a negative relationship with BO and STS. There was a direct correlation between BO and STS. Participants who reported higher levels of WPS had higher CS and lower BO scores. Results of multiple regression analyses indicate that the model of WPS components and control variables explains 42.7, 34, and 8.6 percent of the variance of CS, BO, and STS, respectively. Higher “meaningful work” is associated with higher CS and lower BO and STS among nurses. Participants higher in “sense of community” had higher CS scores. Higher “alignment with organizational values” is associated with higher STS. Practice Implications. According to the study results, it is possible to provide a suitable platform for improving nurses’ professional quality of life by strengthening workplace spirituality.
Using a Novel Fractal-Time-Series Prediction Model to Predict Coal Consumption
Authors: Zhao Guodang , Guo Xuyang , Wang Xin , Zheng Dezhi
Published: May 2023

Currently, coal is still the main energy source for China’s economic development, and the environmental issues caused by coal consumption have aroused widespread concern. Predicting and analyzing coal consumption will help to formulate a higher level of energy consumption planning and economic development strategy. The main purpose of this study is to develop a new fractal time-series prediction (FTSP) model to predict coal consumption, providing reference for formulating effective energy consumption planning and economic development strategies. Hurst index is an important indicator of whether time-series data have long memory and fractal characteristics. This paper uses the rescaled range (R/S) method to calculate Hurst index of the coal consumption per-10000-Yuan-GDP (CC/GDP). The Hurst index is 0.8025, exceeding 0.5, indicating that the time-series data CC/GDP has a long memory and fractal characteristic. Based on this, this paper uses the FTSP model to predict China’s coal consumption (CC/GDP). The prediction results show that the FTSP model accurately predicted China’s coal consumption with a relative error rate (RER) of less than 5% and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 6.62%. The model predicts a decrease in China’s coal consumption from 0.25 tons of standard coal in 2021 to 0.11 tons of standard coal in 2030, a decrease of 44%. To sum up, the FTSP model provides a new and accurate way to predict coal consumption, and the results suggest that China’s coal consumption is sustainable and will decrease significantly in the coming years. This study has important implications for energy consumption planning and economic development strategies.
Application and Principle of Bolt-Mesh-Cable Control Technology in Extremely Soft Coal Seam Roadway
Authors: Wu Fengfeng , Zhang Jian , Wang Ping , Zhao Xiaofeng , Xuan Yanwei , Lv Bo , Wei Jinkai , Gao Zhiqiang , Liu Shibao , Gu Haoyuan
Published: May 2023

The extremely soft coal seam roadway has the problems of low surrounding rock strength and difficult support. Based on the engineering background of the mining roadway in the extremely soft coal seam of the Quandian coal mine, this paper adopts the research method combining numerical simulation and field measurement. The stress field, displacement field, support force, and loading arch structure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock under bolt-mesh-cable support and existing shed-cable support are compared, and the control principle of bolt-mesh-cable in extremely soft coal seam roadway is expounded. Our study indicated that compared with nonsupport and shed-cable support, the pressure stress range of the surrounding rock in extremely soft coal seam increases, and the stress gradient decreases when bolt-mesh-cable support is used. The roadway displacement and displacement difference decrease. The components of the support achieve stress coordination. The thickness of the loading arch formed in the surrounding rock is large, and the compressive stress in the arch is evenly distributed. The bolt-mesh-cable significantly improves the stress environment and the stability of the roadway. The field practice shows that the roadway deformation is small after the bolt-mesh-cable support is adopted, and the roadway section during excavation and mining meets the requirements of safety production.
Supplementary Data from Tumor and Stromal Cell Targeting with Nintedanib and Alpelisib Overcomes Intrinsic Bladder Cancer Resistance
Authors: Marqués Miriam , Corral Sonia , Sánchez-Díaz María , del Pozo Natalia , Martínez de Villarreal Jaime , Schweifer Norbert , Zagorac Ivana , Hilberg Frank , Real Francisco X.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Tables and Figures
Supplementary Table 1 from Novel Arginase Inhibitor, AZD0011, Demonstrates Immune Cell Stimulation and Antitumor Efficacy with Diverse Combination Partners
Authors: Doshi Aatman S. , Cantin Susan , Hernandez Marylens , Srinivasan Srimathi , Tentarelli Sharon , Griffin Matthew , Wang Yanjun , Pop-Damkov Petar , Prickett Laura B. , Kankkonen Cecilia , Shen Minhui , Martin Maryann San , Wu Song , Castaldi M. Paola , Ghadially Hormas , Varnes Jeffrey , Gales Sonya , Henry David , Hoover Clare , Mele Deanna A. , Simpson Iain , Gangl Eric T. , Mlynarski Scott N. , Finlay M. Raymond V. , Drew Lisa , Fawell Stephen E. , Shao Wenlin , Schuller Alwin G.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table 1
Data from Small-Molecule–Mediated Stabilization of PP2A Modulates the Homologous Recombination Pathway and Potentiates DNA Damage-Induced Cell Death
Authors: Avelar Rita A. , Armstrong Amy J. , Carvette Gracie , Gupta Riya , Puleo Noah , Colina Jose A. , Joseph Peronne , Sobeck Alexander M. , O'Connor Caitlin M. , Raines Brynne , Gandhi Agharnan , Dziubinski Michele L. , Ma Daniel S. , Resnick Kimberly , Singh Sareena , Zanotti Kristine , Nagel Christa , Waggoner Steven , Thomas Daffyd G. , Skala Stephanie L. , Zhang Junran , Narla Goutham , DiFeo Analisa
Published: May 2023

Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and lethal ovarian cancer subtype. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have become the mainstay of HGSC-targeted therapy, given that these tumors are driven by a high degree of genomic instability (GI) and homologous recombination (HR) defects. Nonetheless, approximately 30% of patients initially respond to treatment, ultimately relapsing with resistant disease. Thus, despite recent advances in drug development and an increased understanding of genetic alterations driving HGSC progression, mortality has not declined, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Using a small-molecule activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A; SMAP-061), we investigated the mechanism by which PP2A stabilization induces apoptosis in patient-derived HGSC cells and xenograft (PDX) models alone or in combination with PARPi. We uncovered that PP2A genes essential for cellular transformation (B56α, B56γ, and PR72) and basal phosphatase activity (PP2A-A and -C) are heterozygously lost in the majority of HGSC. Moreover, loss of these PP2A genes correlates with worse overall patient survival. We show that SMAP-061–induced stabilization of PP2A inhibits the HR output by targeting RAD51, leading to chronic accumulation of DNA damage and ultimately apoptosis. Furthermore, combination of SMAP-061 and PARPi leads to enhanced apoptosis in both HR-proficient and HR-deficient HGSC cells and PDX models. Our studies identify PP2A as a novel regulator of HR and indicate PP2A modulators as a therapeutic therapy for HGSC. In summary, our findings further emphasize the potential of PP2A modulators to overcome PARPi insensitivity, given that targeting RAD51 presents benefits in overcoming PARPi resistance driven by BRCA1/2 mutation reversions.
Figure 1 from Patterns of Oncogene Coexpression at Single-Cell Resolution Influence Survival in Lymphoma
Authors: Hoppe Michal Marek , Jaynes Patrick , Shuangyi Fan , Peng Yanfen , Sridhar Shruti , Hoang Phuong Mai , Liu Clementine Xin , De Mel Sanjay , Poon Limei , Chan Esther Hian Li , Lee Joanne , Ong Choon Kiat , Tang Tiffany , Lim Soon Thye , Nagarajan Chandramouli , Grigoropoulos Nicholas F. , Tan Soo-Yong , Hue Susan Swee-Shan , Chang Sheng-Tsung , Chuang Shih-Sung , Li Shaoying , Khoury Joseph D. , Choi Hyungwon , Harris Carl , Bottos Alessia , Gay Laura J. , Runge Hendrik F.P. , Moutsopoulos Ilias , Mohorianu Irina , Hodson Daniel J. , Farinha Pedro , Mottok Anja , Scott David W. , Pitt Jason J. , Chen Jinmiao , Kumar Gayatri , Kannan Kasthuri , Chng Wee Joo , Chee Yen Lin , Ng Siok-Bian , Tripodo Claudio , Jeyasekharan Anand D.
Published: May 2023

Quantitative single-cell analysis of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 protein expression in B cells in nonmalignant tissues and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. A, Schematic workflow of a quantitative digital pathology experiment. B, Spectrally unmixed multiplexed fluorescent images for CD20, MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 and nuclear counterstaining in tonsil tissue. The germinal center (GC) and extragerminal center (extra-GC) zones are indicated. C, Spatial map of MYC/BCL2/BCL6 subpopulations, i.e., possible permutations of MYC/BCL2/BCL6-positivity and -negativity within the CD20-positive cell population in a tonsil image. D, Quantitation of subpopulation extent within CD20-positive cells in tonsils and reactive lymph nodes resolved spatially between the GC and extra-GC zones. E, Example of pseudocolored MYC/BCL2/BCL6/CD20 mfIHC staining in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; left). Cell segmentation and single oncogene positivity masks are shown within the CD20-positive cell population (right). F, Summary of percentage extent of subpopulations across patients from National University Hospital (NUH), Chi-Mei Medical Center (CMMC), MD Anderson (MDA), and Singapore General Hospital (SGH). Relevant clinicopathologic features are indicated; see also Supplementary Fig. S3. Patients were ordered arbitrarily according to extent of the triple-positive M+2+6+ subpopulation extent. IPI Risk Group, International Prognostic Index Risk Group; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization. G, Intrapatient spatial stability of subpopulations – proportion of subpopulations measured across four spatially distinct biopsies from the same patient (rows). Biopsy comparison overview is shown across 11 representative example DLBCL patients (columns). See also Supplementary Fig. S4A and S4B for a correlation analysis for all patients with multiple biopsies available. H, Proliferation analysis (i.e., Ki-67-positivity) among subpopulations in DLBCL samples. Proliferative BCL6-positive subpopulations are grouped. Median with interquartile range, whiskers denote 10th and 90th percentile. Mann–Whitney test (BCL6-positive vs. -negative subpopulations). All scale bars, 100 μm.
Table S3 from Addressing Tumor Heterogeneity by Sensitizing Resistant Cancer Cells to T cell–Secreted Cytokines
Authors: Ito Yoshinaga , Pan Deng , Zhang Wubing , Zhang Xixi , Juan Tiffany Y. , Pyrdol Jason W. , Kyrysyuk Oleksandr , Doench John G. , Liu X. Shirley , Wucherpfennig Kai W.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table S3: ## Raw count matrix of the RNA-seq data. ## Atg5-KO vs Ctrl-KO (Veh).
Supplementary Video S2 MMP14 from Breast Cancer Stem Cell–Derived Tumors Escape from γδ T-cell Immunosurveillance In Vivo by Modulating γδ T-cell Ligands
Authors: Raute Katrin , Strietz Juliane , Parigiani Maria Alejandra , Andrieux Geoffroy , Thomas Oliver S. , Kistner Klaus M. , Zintchenko Marina , Aichele Peter , Hofmann Maike , Zhou Houjiang , Weber Wilfried , Boerries Melanie , Swamy Mahima , Maurer Jochen , Minguet Susana
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Video S2 MMP14
FIGURE 1 from Genome-wide CRISPR Screen Reveals RAB10 as a Synthetic Lethal Gene in Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancers Carrying SMAD4 Loss
Authors: Erasimus Hélène , Kolnik Vanessa , Lacroix Frédéric , Sidhu Sukhvinder , D'Agostino Stéphane , Lemaitre Olivier , Rohaut Alexandre , Sanchez Isabelle , Thill Gilbert , Didier Michel , Debussche Laurent , Marcireau Christophe
Published: May 2023

SMAD4-inducible restoration restores the TGFβ-induced growth inhibition in colorectal and pancreatic cancer cells. A, Protein level of SMAD4 was assessed by Western blot analysis in SMAD4-reexpressing HT29 and SW620 cells. RKO, MDST8 and MIAPaCa-2 were used as positive control. B, Luciferase reporter gene assay of TGFβ-induced SMAD promoter. SMAD4 functionality was assessed using a reporter assay in the reexpressing cell lines HT29 and SW620. Luciferase activity was normalized to control pCM3586 transfected cells, in absence of any treatment [t test performed on n = 3 (SW620); or n = 4 (HT29) independent experiments; P = 0.0000027 (HT29) P = 0.008 (SW620)]. Control plasmid pCM3586 leads to cells expressing Cas9 under doxycycline treatment. C, SMAD4 expression level was assessed in isolated clones from the HT29-pSMAD4 and SW620-pSMAD4 population (POP). D, SMAD4-reexpressing HT29-pSMAD4 and SW620-pSMAD4 clones and populations were seeded in 2D, in flat-bottom 96-well plates and cultured for 10 days with or without doxycycline. Proliferation was assessed using the CellTiter-Glo assay. Proliferation was normalized to untreated transfected cells (DOX−). n = 3 independent experiments. E and F, SMAD4-reexpressing HT29-pSMAD4 and SW620-pSMAD4 clones and populations were seeded in 96-well 3D plates and cultured for 10 days with or without doxycycline. Sphere diameters were measured. The diameter of the doxycycline-treated spheres reexpressing SMAD4 are represented with bar (percentage with untreated spheres taken as reference; percentage mean with SD, n = 3 independent experiments; P = 0.00025 for HT29 C4 vs. C9; P = 0.000027 for SW620 C1 vs. C14).
Data from Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition by cetuximab modulates hypoxia and interferon response genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Ritu , Slebos Robbert J.C. , Noel Leenil C. , Song Feifei , Poole Maria I. , Hoening Dirk S , Hernandez-Prera Juan C. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R , Guevara Jose Alejandro , Wang Xuefeng , Xie Mengyu , Tan Aik Choon , Chung Christine H.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has one of the most hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) among solid tumors. However, there is no proven therapeutic strategy to remodel the TME to be less hypoxic and proinflammatory. In this study, we classified tumors according to a Hypoxia-Immune signature, characterized the immune cells in each subgroup, and analyzed the signaling pathways to identify a potential therapeutic target that can remodel the TME. We confirmed that hypoxic tumors had significantly higher numbers of immunosuppressive cells, as evidenced by a lower ratio of CD8+ T-cells to FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells, compared to non-hypoxic tumors. Patients with hypoxic tumors had worse outcomes after treatment with pembrolizumab or nivolumab, anti-Programmed Cell Death-1 inhibitors. Our expression analysis also indicated that hypoxic tumors predominantly increased the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor-β pathway genes. Cetuximab, an anti-EGFR inhibitor, decreased the expression of hypoxia signature genes, suggesting that it may alleviate the effects of hypoxia and remodel the TME to become more proinflammatory. Our study provides a rationale for treatment strategies combining EGFR-targeted agents and immunotherapy in the management of hypoxic HNSCC.
Super Enhancer-Associated Circular RNA-CircKrt4 Regulates Hypoxic Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Mice
Authors: Ma Cui , Wang Xiaoying , Zhang Lixin , Zhu Xiangrui , Bai June , He Siyu , Mei Jian , Jiang Jiaqi , Guan Xiaoyu , Zheng Xiaodong , Qu Lihui , Zhu Daling
Published: May 2023

Background:

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in pulmonary hypertension progression through largely unknown mechanisms. Pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) dysfunction is a hallmark in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. However, the specific role of circular RNAs in PAEC injury caused by hypoxia remains unclear.

Methods:

In this study, using the Western blotting, RNA pull down, Dual-luciferase reporter assay, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, we identified a novel circular RNA derived from alternative splicing of the keratin 4 gene (circKrt4).

Results:

CircKrt4 was upregulated in lung tissues and plasma and specifically in PAECs under hypoxic conditions. In the nucleus, circKrt4 induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition by interacting with the Pura (transcriptional activator protein Pur-alpha) to promote N-cadherin gene activation. In the cytoplasm, increased circKrt4 leads to mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting cytoplasmic-mitochondrial shuttling of mitochondrial-bound Glpk (glycerol kinase). Intriguingly, circKrt4 was identified as a super enhancer-associated circular RNA that is transcriptionally activated by a transcription factor, CEBPA (CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha). Furthermore, RBM25 (RNA-binding-motif protein 25) was found to regulate circKrt4 cyclization by increase the back-splicing of
Krt4
gene.

Conclusions:

These findings demonstrate that a super enhancer-associated circular RNA-circKrt4 modulates PAEC injury to promote pulmonary hypertension by targeting Pura and Glpk.
Nifʕal—A verbal class which is two
Authors: Faust Noam
Published: May 2023

Several peculiarities of Modern Hebrew verbs of the nifʕal type are surveyed, showing that the past/present and future paradigms of this type are more independent of each other than those of other verbal types. It is proposed that different formatives are used in constructing the different paradigms; in this sense, these verbs in fact appear in two defective verbal types: one for the past/present and one for the future. The peculiarities surveyed are shown to follow from this proposal.
t-Forms of the Akkadian Stative
Authors: Kamil Iris
Published: May 2023

This article re-evaluates the status of the Stative paradigm in Akkadian, the language’s only exclusively suffixing paradigm, and argues in favour of a verbal classification on the basis of the possible medialisation of its attested forms. The Stative denotes the state persisting following a perfective-associated event. Thereby, two kinds of Statives are known: a verbal Stative and a nominal Stative. While the root of verbal Statives is mapped onto a Verbal Adjectival base template, the nominal Stative uses either a noun or an adjective’s stem as its base. To the respective bases both forms add the same distinct set of suffixes. Re-evaluating the morphological make-up of the form as well as its semantic connotation, this article proposes a new paradigmatic split between root-derived (verbal) and stem-derived (nominal) Stative forms and adduces previously disregarded evidence for medialisation of both verbal and nominal Statives as the main argument in favour of a verbal interpretation.
Radical Resection of Locally Advanced Chest Wall cSCC With Muscle Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Dietz Matthew D. , Zelmanski Mark H. , Choueiri Mark A.
Published: May 2023

Outcomes in those with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are poor. Upon incidence of metastasis, the mortality rate has been shown to be >70% with median overall survival (OS) of less than 2 years. While there is no standardized combination and multimodal therapy recommendation for advanced cases, there is a significant necessity to include surgical intervention for improved locoregional control of disease and improved OS. Currently, Cisplatin as monotherapy or combination with Fluorouracil (5-FU), and radiotherapy followed by surgical intervention are the most likely regimens used in the treatment of advanced cSCC. Secondary chemotherapy options include carboplatin and paclitaxel. Here, we report the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using carboplatin and paclitaxel agents with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) followed by radical surgical resection, and later, muscle flap reconstruction with split-thickness skin grafting to treat a very high-risk Stage IV cSCC of the left chest wall.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Infants and Children <3 Years of Age With Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Complicated With a Parapharyngeal Mass: A Case Series Study
Authors: Chen Caidi , Liu Fanli , Fang Jianjing , Sima Linyuan , Ni Liyan , Xiang Songjie , Xia Siwen
Published: May 2023

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are congenital and developmental abnormalities in infants and young children. This retrospective case series study examined the characteristics of 7 patients <3 years (mean age, 1.9 years) with TGDC complicated with a parapharyngeal mass treated at one hospital between January 2019 and 2022. Four patients had a painless mass around the neck, 2 had a painless mass associated with snoring, and 1 presented repeated swelling and pain. B-ultrasound suggested 6 cases of TGDC and 1 possible lymphangioma. All patients were treated with Sistrunk surgery to remove the TGDC. Six patients had no cyst recurrence during follow-up (6 months to 2 years). In conclusion, TGDC complicated with a parapharyngeal mass has complex and variable clinical manifestations. Completely removing the cyst while sparing thyroid cartilage and surrounding vascular and neuroanatomical structures is important to avoid complications. The patients are likely to be free from recurrence after surgery.
Prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatrics: How long did we wait?
Authors: Kahveci Fevzi , Gurbanov Anar , Uçmak Hacer , Ödemiş Aslı Samsa , Özen Hasan , Balaban Burak , Botan Edin , Gün Emrah , Havan Merve , Dikmen Nur , Ramoğlu Mehmet Gökhan , Uçar Tayfun , Eyileten Zeynep , Akar Ahmet Rüçhan , Kendirli Tanıl
Published: May 2023

Background

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and its effect on outcomes. Also, we sought to identify hospital mortality predictors and determine when ECMO support began to be ineffective.

Methods

This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study conducted between January 2014 and January 2022. The prolonged ECMO (pECMO) cut-off point was accepted as 14 days.

Results

Thirty-one (29.2%) of 106 patients followed up with ECMO had pECMO. The mean follow-up period of the patients who underwent pECMO was 22 (range, 15–72) days, and the mean age was 75 ± 72 months. According to the results of our heterogeneous study population, life expectancy decreased dramatically towards the 21st day. Hospital mortality predictors were determined in the logistic regression analysis in all ECMO groups in our study as high Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) two score, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) use, and sepsis. The pECMO mortality was 61.2% and the overall mortality was 53.0%, with the highest mortality rate in the bridge-to-transplant group (90.9%) because of lack of organ donation in our country.

Conclusions

In our study, the PELOD two score, presence of sepsis, and use of CRRT were found to be in the predictors of in-hospital ECMO mortality model. Considering the complications, in the COX regression model analysis, the factors affecting the probability of dying in patients followed under ECMO were found to be bleeding, thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia.
The impact of iodine contrast agent on radiation dose of heart and blood: a comparison between coronary CT angiography and cardiac calcium scoring CT
Authors: Mazloumi Mahta , Van Gompel Gert , Tanaka Kaoru , Argacha Jean-François , de Mey Johan , Buls Nico
Published: May 2023

Background

Iodine contrast agent (CA) is widely used in cardiac computed tomography (CT). The CA can increase the organ radiation doses due to the photoelectric effect.

Purpose

To investigate the impact of CA on radiation dose in cardiac CT by comparing the radiation dose between contrast coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and non-contrast calcium scoring CT (CSCT).

Material and Methods

Radiation doses were computationally calculated for 30 individual patients who received CSCT and CCTA in the same exam session. The geometry and acquisition parameters were modeled in the simulations based on individual patient CT images and acquisitions. Doses in the presence and absence of CA were obtained in the aorta, left ventricle (LV), right ventricle (RV), and myocardial tissue (MT). The dose values were normalized by size-specific dose estimate (SSDE). The dose enhancement factors (DEFSSDE) were calculated as the ratio of doses in CCTA over doses in CSCT.

Results

Compared to the CSCT scans, doses increase in the CCTA scans in the aorta (DEFSSDE = 2.14 ± 0.20), LV (DEFSSDE = 1.78 ± 0.26), and RV (DEFSSDE = 1.31 ± 0.22). A linear relation is observed between the local CA concentrations and the dose increase in the heart; DEFSSDE = 0.07*I(mg/mL) + 0.80 (R2 = 0.8; p < 0.01). The DEFSSDE in the MT (DEFSSDE = 0.96 ± 0.08) showed no noticeable impact of CA on the dose in this tissue. In addition, patient variability in the dose distributions was observed.

Conclusion

A linear causal relation exists between local CA concentration and increase in radiation dose in cardiac CT. For the same CT exposure, dose to the heart is on average 55% higher in contrast cardiac CT.
Methodology to Predict Federal Performance Measures From State Performance Measures of Pavement Networks
Authors: Baranikumar Aishwarya , Shekharan Raja
Published: May 2023

Pavement management data used in measuring the performance of a pavement network contribute to managing maintenance and rehabilitation needs and determining the required funding levels. A network’s performance can be measured in several ways. The method adopted by the Virginia Department of Transportation has been in use for more than 15 years. With the introduction of Transportation Performance Management by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), a set of performance measures required by FHWA are to be reported. A few methods from earlier efforts by others in predicting one or more pavement performance parameters are briefly discussed. The main challenges in the determination of federal performance measures are the lack of prediction models for those measures; the reporting on 1/10th-mi sections that are not directly used in analysis and maintenance planning; and the determination of funding levels based on 1/10th-mi sections. In this paper, a new method to predict the federal performance measures of pavement networks from the state performance measures is provided, along with the mathematical models developed.
Performance Evaluation of Design Methods for Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankments
Authors: Izadifar MohammadAli , Luo Ning , Abu-Farsakh Murad Y. , Chen Shengli
Published: May 2023

Geosynthetic-reinforced pile-supported (GRPS) embankments are widely used in soft soil regions to support roadways. Various design methods for GRPS embankments have been developed; however, engineering experience and recent research have shown that the performance of these design methods varies case by case. This paper systematically evaluates the performance of several empirical GRPS embankment design methods, which include the BS8006 method, the Nordic method, the EBGEO method, the FHWA method, and the CUR226 method. A preliminary assessment of these methods using three field case studies confirms that their performances differ from each other and from field measurements, the differences sometimes being quite significant. To enable a more systematic evaluation of the design methods, a validated finite element model (FEM) was first used to conduct a comprehensive parametric study considering typical soft soil conditions and various geometrical parameters, the results of which served as a baseline for the evaluation of the design methods. The efficacy, stress concentration ratio, maximum differential settlement, and maximum reinforcement tension were used as indicators for the method evaluation. The results show that, overall, the CUR226 method outperforms other design methods. The percentage difference between the CUR226 method and FEM can be as small as 5%, and the maximum value is 130%. It was also found that the Nordic method does not apply to small embankment heights, and that the BS8006 method provides a large overestimation of reinforcement tension when pile spacing is large (>4 ft) for all embankment heights considered.
Mitigation Strategy Selection for Asphalt Mixtures with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content
Authors: Leavitt Aaron , Martin Amy Epps , Arámbula-Mercado Edith
Published: May 2023

Economics and sustainability goals have driven higher use of recycled asphalt materials (RAMs), such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles, in the pavement industry. Owing to the brittle nature of aged binders found in RAMs, a mitigation strategy is usually needed to ensure adequate cracking performance. Determining a proper mitigation strategy is vital to designing long-lasting asphalt concrete (AC) pavements with balanced performance. This study explored the use of mitigation strategies on AC mixtures with intermediate and high RAP contents, using materials from four mixtures that were part of a mill and overlay project in Milford, Delaware. This project included one standard mixture and three experimental mixtures with 25%–40% RAP. This paper presents performance data for field cores, plant-mixed laboratory-compacted specimens, and laboratory-mixed laboratory-compacted specimens. The effects and benefits of using a softer binder versus a recycling agent and the effects of using both a softer binder and a recycling agent to mitigate the stiff RAP binder are explored. To understand the effects of each mitigation strategy with aging, data from one-year field-aged cores and from laboratory-aged specimens are shown. Adjusting only one variable to mitigate the increased stiffness and brittleness of recycled binders yielded the best results in this study. Additionally, some test parameters were found to be sensitive to aging, including the flexibility index from the semicircular bend test and the cracking test (CT) index from the IDEAL-CT, while others were not observed to be sensitive to aging, including the fracture energy measured by the low-temperature disk-shaped compact tension test.
Exploring Whether Managed Lanes Contribute to the Wide Adoption of the Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Ma Jiaxin , Chen Xumei , Tian Zhoumin , Yu Lei
Published: May 2023

The rapid development of connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) technology and the outperformance of the managed lane have drawn increasing attention with respect to wonder whether the CAV operating in the managed lane is helpful. Therefore, this study focuses on the methodology applied to explore whether the managed lane is beneficial in the gradual application of CAVs. Three managed lanes are considered, namely a bus lane, CAV dedicated lane, and high-occupancy vehicle lane. Given the unfamiliarity with the travel mode related to CAVs, the attitudinal variables for CAVs and their influencing relationship are designed and quantified by a structural equation model based on the extended technology acceptance model. A two-level nested logit model with different types of managed lanes as explanatory variables is further developed to analyze the travel choice of traditional modes and CAV modes. The difference in probabilities of travel choices under managed lanes is also explored. The results indicate that the three managed lanes have a positive influence on promoting the adoption of the CAV modes, with an increase of at least 13.5% shifted from traditional modes in the conventional lane. Moreover, the influences of managed lanes differ between transit CAVs and non-transit CAVs. The probabilities of choosing transit CAVs under three managed lanes increase in the range of 12.9%–27.2%, while those of non-transit CAVs only show a maximum 6.5% increase in the CAV dedicated lane. The study is expected to assist in designing differentiated development of CAVs with the deployment of managed lanes.
Structural and Inter-individual Differentiation in Personality Traits Across the Adult Lifespan
Authors: Olaru Gabriel , Jankowsky Kristin , Allemand Mathias
Published: May 2023

The concept of differentiation describes increasing or decreasing similarities between inter-individual differences on psychological constructs, reflecting processes of specialization or adaptation. In this study, we studied age-differentiation in personality traits in (1) the trait domain and facet loadings, (2) the correlations between trait domains, and (3) trait domain, facet, and item (residual) variances. We used three large cross-sectional samples (Ns > 3000) covering 16–90 years of age with broad measures of the Big Five, Five-Factor, and HEXACO models. We examined age effects on the model parameters using local structural equation modeling. We found a high stability of the trait domain loadings, suggesting relatively stable trait domain compositions across age. Extraversion-Openness correlations increased across age for all three measures, whereas an increase in the Extraversion-Agreeableness and decrease in the absolute Neuroticism-Extraversion correlations only replicated across the five-dimensional models. Inter-individual differences in personality were similar across age in the trait domains and facets but differed substantially for item residuals. In summary, the structure and individual differences in broad personality traits is relatively stable across the adult lifespan, with most age-differences only affecting the item level.
Surface modification of kevlar fabric with a novel sulfonyl aryl containing monomer and its influence on inter yarn friction
Authors: Agarwal Gaurav , Sharma Indu , Prakash Jyoti , Kumar Pal Dinesh , Verma Sanjeev K
Published: May 2023

The ballistic impact response of Kevlar textiles is significantly influenced by the friction between the yarns. It increases the dissipation of energy when yarns begin to displace relative to one another and it also results in to transfer of load to a larger area during ballistic impacts. In the present work, a novel sulfonyl aryl group containing monomer acrylic acid-2-(toluene sulphonyl amine)-ethyl ester (AATSAEE) was synthesized by a three-step process with ethanol amine and p-toluene sulfonic acid as starting material. The monomer was homopolymerized and grafted on Kevlar fabric by UV-induced free radical polymerization technique. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was used as initiator. Utilizing spectroscopic and thermal gravimetric methods, the monomer, precursor, and the homopolymer were characterized. The yarn pull-out tests on unmodified and AATSAEE grafted Kevlar fabrics were performed on Universal Tensile Tester at a steady speed of the upper jaw of 50 cm min−1. Increases in yarn pull out force have been noted with grafting of AATSAEE on Kevlar fabric. The peak force increases around 284% with grafting which indicates an increase in friction forces. When these yarns start to move apart from one another due to friction factors, the fabric’s energy dissipation increases and it may results in to increase in energy absorption at the time of ballistic impacts.
Filling your tank with hydrogen
Authors: Szanto Frank
Published: May 2023

As in many countries, rail electrification in Australia is largely confined to the major cities, and elsewhere most trains are powered by diesel. Electrification is expensive and only viable on lines where traffic density is high. Having adopted the 2050 Zero CO2 emissions target, there is limited time to find alternative power sources or repower all diesels. Hydrogen is one of the most promising alternatives, and a few hydrogen-powered trains are already in service in Europe. However, hydrogen must be stored as a compressed gas or a liquid, and either way the storage volume is much greater than diesel fuel, and handling is difficult. This paper looks at the feasibility of hydrogen for locomotive-hauled freight applications, with a focus on Australia.