bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microcomputed tomographic, biomechanical and histological analyses of lumbar interbody fusion with iliac crest bone graft in a pig model
Authors: Krtička Milan , Nekuda Vladimír , Ira Daniel , Sedláček Radek , Suchý Tomáš , Kavková Michaela , Břínek Adam , Göpfrt Eduard , Bilik Andrej , Kaiser Jozef , Křen Leoš , Plánka Ladislav
Published: April 2021

The main goal of this study was to assess the progress of vertebral stability after lumbar interbody fusion related to microcomputed tomography (micro CT), biomechanical analysis, and histological assessment towards spine fusion. Twelve male pigs were used; each underwent L2-3 discectomy and implantation of an iliac crest bone graft in two groups; six spines were harvested eight weeks (A1) and six spines 16 weeks (A2) after surgery (7 native spines for biomechanical analysis). The CT was performed by GE phoenix datos|x 2.0 with a sample drift correction. The samples were divided according to fusion quality. Biomechanical evaluation was carried out on the MTS Mini Bionix testing system. In the nondestructive mode, three cycles of pure bending moments were applied (5 Nm load limit) at a rate of 20 °/min in flexion (+40 °) and extension (-40 °). Two representative histological sections from four samples were obtained (A1, n = 2; A2, n = 2); areas of mature bone were quantified. In micro CT, better results were achieved in group A2 (not significant). Eight weeks after the operation, flexural stiffness decreased to 48% of its initial value for native cadavers (P < 0.05); after 16 weeks it was comparable to native cadavers, demonstrating the suitability of the implanted graft (P < 0.05). The newly formed bone tissue occupied an average area of 94.205 mm2 (A1) and 26.240 mm2 (A2). It was confirmed that micro CT, biomechanical analysis, and histological assessment are technically feasible and suitable for the evaluation of results of other methods of large bone defect treatment.
Microplastics as a potential risk for aquatic environment organisms – a review
Authors: Hollerová Aneta , Hodkovicová Nikola , Blahová Jana , Faldyna Martin , Maršálek Petr , Svobodová Zdeňka
Published: April 2021

In the modern world, plastic has become a major commodity on global scale and is presented in all life aspects. The production of plastics is increasing dramatically throughout the world and is considered to be a serious threat for the aquatic environment. Scientists started to raise questions as to where all the disappeared plastic debris had gone, as the plastic material is a persistent synthetic polymer. The disappearance of plastic suggests that microplastics are generated by fragmentation of larger plastic debris. They also enter the aquatic environment from the cosmetics, clothing, and other industrial manufacturing. Microplastic particles spread in the aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments due to their small size and ubiquity, showing their high bioavailability. The presence of microplastics has been demonstrated in the digestive tracts of most aquatic organisms at various trophic levels. Evidence of negative effects of microplastics has been found in relation to fertility, mortality, oxidative stress, immune system or metabolic processes.
The effect of slaughtering skills on the welfare of cattle during stunning with a captive bolt
Authors: Večerek Vladimír , Voslářová Eva , Kameník Josef , Machovcová Zuzana , Válková Lenka , Volfová Martina , Konvalinová Jarmila
Published: April 2021

The performance of stunning in various abattoirs can differ. The aim of the study was to compare the stunning of cattle with a captive bolt in two abattoirs. We monitored the slaughtering skills by measuring the deviation of the location of the stunning shot hole on the skull from the ideal point and further by measuring the angle of inclination of the stunning shot on the skull from the ideal perpendicular angle. We observed the impact of different slaughter skills on the quality of stunning of animals based on the occurrence of failure to achieve motor paralysis after a stun shot. The failure to collapse occurred significantly more frequently (P< 0.05) in abattoir A than in abattoir B. In both abattoirs there was a higher (P< 0.05) number of bulls failing to collapse than in females (cows and heifers). However, the effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs associated with insufficient stunning was not found. The signs occurred in abattoir A and abattoir B to the same extent. In bulls, the number of animals with signs was higher (P< 0.05) than in females in both abattoirs. The results show that insufficient proficiency of skills in stunning cattle with a captive bolt leads to a higher number of animals failing to collapse after a stun shot. The effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs in bulls and females was not proven; however, in bulls a higher incidence of signs was demonstrated than in females.
Magistral arteriyaların transpozisiyası və ya TGA
Authors: Seyidov Nabil Z
Published: April 2021

Magistral arteriyaların transpozisiyası (TGA, transposition of great arteries) yenidoğulmuşlar arasında ikinci ən çox rast gəlinən anadangəlmə ürək qüsurudur və ümumi ürək qüsurlarının 4-5%-ni təşkil edir. Magistral arteriyaların transpozisiyası hər 1000 diri doğuşdan 0.2-0.4-də rast gəlinir. Magistral arteriyaların transpozisiyası 3:1 nisbətində daha çox oğlanlarda rast gəlinir. Müalicə aparılmadıqda həmin körpələrin 90%-ı həyatlarının ilk ilində ölür.
Late Coarctation Presenters Suffer Chronic Hypertension Resisting to Medicine Treatment
Authors: Petropoulos Andreas , Moschovi Maria , Khudiyeva Aynur , Garayev Fahraddin , İsayev İbrahim
Published: April 2021

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a common Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) presenting with many symptoms and signs, in any age group. From its dramatic appearance as a part of Hypo plastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS), to early Congestive Heart Failure(CHF)in neonatal and early infantile age, to undetected Hypertension (HTN) in early or even late adulthood. The aim of this short review is to present this unique CHD, underline the presentation of late detected CoA, presenting with HTN and its impact in treating resistant HTN even after successful surgical treatment. Finally, the late onset HTN, following successful surgical treatment and its medicine management will be addressed. This diﬃcult to control on mono or dual pharmacotherapy and the late complications of persistent uncontrolled HTN is the basic reason that these patients are a long-life follow-up population with important medical needs and increasing morbidity and mortality.
MOREL-LAVALLEE LESION (MLL): case report and literature review on diagnosis and management of post-traumatic MLL in patients with polytrauma
Authors: Seyidov Nabil Z
Published: April 2021

Morel-Lavallee lesion has become an eponym since Maurice Morel-Lavallee described the first closed degloving injury in 1853. In present days, Morel-Lavallee lesion is still a rare condition resulting from blunt shearing of soft tissues due to trauma that separates the hypodermis from underlying fascia. The cavity that is created between the separated skin with subcutaneous tissue and fascia becomes filled with blood due to injury to perforating arteries as well as necrotic tissues. Although the MLL is often seen in traumatic injuries to lower extremities, mostly secondary to MVCs, however, they are also seen on trunk and buttocks.
The closed cavity formed between subcutaneous tissue and fascia may remain unrecognized for some time. However, often the lesion is easily identified on CT or MRI as well as US images taken as part of complex work up of trauma patient or for soft tissue swelling in patient with history of blunt trauma. With time the closed cavity becomes organized secondary to inflammatory reaction and subsequent development of granulation tissue and the fibrous pseudocapsule. And as the pseudocapsule is formed around the contents of the MLL, patients often have no specific clinical symptoms, except for swelling of the site. The contents of the MLL thus may remain unrecognized for many days or even months.
Государственная поддержка грудному вскармливанию как способ достижения Целей в области устойчивого развития
Authors: Ganiyeva Galina , Agayev Anar
Published: April 2021

Кормление грудью вносит ключевой вклад в выживание, здоровье и благополучие детей раннего возраста и здоровье матерей. Проще говоря, оно дает детям наилучший возможный старт в жизни. В течение первых двух лет жизни дети очень уязвимы. Но, даже самые уязвимые из них (например, маловесные) растут и развиваются нормально, если первые полгода они находятся на исключительно грудном вскармливании (ГВ). ГВ снижает риск развития в последующие годы таких заболеваний, как атеросклероз, гипертоническая болезнь, сахарный диабет, ожирение1 и др.
Pattern of acute poisonings in Azerbaijan
Authors: Afandiyev I. N.
Published: April 2021

Background: Epidemiologic data on acute chemical poisonings in Azerbaijan Republic is very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze the rate and characteristics of acute chemical poisoning cases in Azerbaijan.

Material and methods: This investigation was performed on the data of poisoned patients admitted to the Center of Clinical Toxicology (CCT) of the Ministry of Health of Azerbaijan in Baku city from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2016.

Result: There were 6347 admissions due to acute poisoning in CCT intensive care unit (3593 females and 2754 males). Pediatric admissions (<15 age group) were 18.2%. The most frequent reason of hospitalizations was drug poisonings (T36-T50) – 40.9%. The other frequent cases of hospitalizations were inhalation of carbon monoxide (T58) - 21.6%, corrosive substances (T54) – 15.2% and alcohol intoxication (T51) - 5.9%. Hospitalizations of patients with envenomation (T63) - 5.2%, pesticides poisonings (T60) – 4.9%. poisoning by organic solvents (T52) - 4.5% and poisoning by noxious plants and mushrooms (T62) – 1.2% were less frequent. The mortality rate of the overall cohort was 2.7%. Corrosive liquids (especially – concentrated acetic acid) poisonings were the most often fatal.

Conclusion: This study provides essential information about characteristic of toxicoepidemiological situation in Azerbaijan and could help to develop national program of prevention of acute chemical poisonings.
Performance of Retrofitted Square Reinforced Concrete Column using Wire Mesh and SCC Subjected to Cyclic Load
Authors: Wuaten Hence M. , Parung Herman , Amiruddin A. Arwin , Irmawaty Rita
Published: April 2021

One way to restore or increase the strength of the structure against earthquakes is to use retrofit method and wire mesh is a material that has high prospects as retrofit material. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of wire mesh as a retrofit material on reinforced concrete columns burdened with cyclic loads. In this study, testing of 3 square column samples of reinforced concrete with dimensions of 300  300 mm. The first specimen is fully retrofit on the entire cross-section of the column, the second specimen is retrofitted on the plastic hinge area of the column and the third specimen is a control column without retrofit. In the first and second specimens were retrofitted with wire mesh size M6 using SCC which was then tested with a cyclic load using displacement control method based on the provisions stipulated in the Indonesian Standard SNI 7834:2012. From the test results and analysis results, it was found that the capacity and ductility of displacement in retrofit specimens increased significantly compared to specimens that were not retrofit. In addition, the decrease in stiffness in retrofit specimens was smaller than in non-retrofit specimens. As for the value of energy dissipation in fully retrofit specimens and in retrofit on the plastic hinge area is almost close. Based on these conditions, the use of wire mesh size M6 and SCC can be used as retrofit material on the column that is burdened with cyclic load. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091685 Full Text: PDF
Analisis Kepuasan dan Loyalitas Konsumen Midori Japanaese Restaurant Cabang K.H. Wahid Hasyim Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Sarianti Tintin , Putriana Rr. Prita E
Published: April 2021

Citizen consumption for the times towards food is more increase. This matter will be influenced by the increasing need of citizen on nutrition and nutrient. This phenomenon is followed by the existence of many restaurants as business caterers. Jakarta is one of the cities in Indonesia with a variety of diversity, including in terms of food. There are various kinds of foods sold in restaurants in Jakarta, both from within and outside the country. One of them is a unique Japanese food. Currently, there are more and more Japanese food restaurants in Jakarta. One of the restaurants that still survive until this day is Midori Japanese Restaurant. In maintaining its business, Midori Japanese Restaurant needed to explore its consumer characteristics, consumer satisfaction, and consumer loyalty. The restaurant can implement marketing strategies to maintain its business. This research was commenced from March to May 2010 and conducted at Midori Japanese Restaurant branch K.H. Wahid Hasyim Central Jakarta. This research used descriptive analysis for consumer characteristics, Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI), Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) to know the attributes improvements, and loyalty pyramid to determine the level of consumer loyalty. This research also provided recommendations that can be done as marketing strategy.Keywords: Japanese food, consumer characteristics, consumer satisfaction, consumer loyalty, descriptive analysis, Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI), Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), loyalty pyramid.
Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit Utama Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) di PT PG Rajawali II Jatitujuh Majalengka
Authors: Muliasari Ade Astri , Trilaksono Ranu
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTPest and disease monitoring aim to determine the type, sign/symptoms, and intensity of attacks. The rat (Bandicota indica), stem borer (chilo sacchariphagus Bojer), and shoot borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) place major constraints on a sugarcane plantation in PT PG Rajawali Jatitujuh Majalengka districts. The intensity of attacks (IS) of these pests reached 8.6%, 1.26%, and 0.86%, respectively. The intensity of rats reached as high as more than 5%. Shoot borer and stem borer attack are low under 5%. The smut disease caused by the fungus Ustilago scitaminea Sydow with an attacking intensity of 1.53% and belongs to the low category. Integrated pest and disease control include technical, physical / mechanical, biological, and chemical culture.

ABSTRAKMonitoring hama dan penyakit bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, gejala, insidensi serangan dan cara pengendaliannya. Hama utama tebu di PT PG Rajawali II Jatitujuh Majalengka yaitu hama tikus wirok (Bandicota indica Bechstein), penggerek batang tebu/stem borer (Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer), dan penggerek pucuk tebu/shoot borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker). Insidensi serangan (IS) masing-masing mencapai 8,6%, 1,26% dan 0,86%. Insidensi serangan hama tikus tergolong tinggi dengan standar ambang batas ekonomi yang ditentukan yaitu 0%. Insidensi serangan hama penggerek tebu termasuk kategori ringan yaitu di bawah ambang ekonomi 5%. Penyakit utama yaitu luka api/cambuk jelaga yang disebabkan jamur Ustilago scitaminea Sydow dengan insidensi serangan 1.53% dan termasuk kategori ringan. Pengendalian hama dan penyakit dilakukan secara terpadu meliputi kultur teknis, fisik/mekanis, biologi dan kimia.
Optimalisasi Keuntungan pada Usaha Komoditi Bunga Krisan di Kecamatan Cipanas, Kabupaten Cianjur (Optimizing the Profits of Chrysanthemum Commodities in Cipanas, Cianjur)
Authors: Kuntari Wien , Sastrawan Uding
Published: April 2021

Many farmers are interested in planting chrysanthemums because of its beautiful colors. The allocation of land resources, raw materials, machinery, capital and labor which is now done by farmers, is relatively not able to meet the desired target. It demonstrates that the use of resources is not optimal and it will have an impact on the level of benefits received. The result of the data processing was: the Chrysanthemum production rate, based on the optimization results, illustrated that the recommended type of chrysanthemum to be produced was only the standard type, because it increased the revenue for companies. Company A produced 486.11 bunches of chrysanthemum for Rp 1,701,389 per growing season, company B produced 277.77 bunches for Rp 972,222 per growing season, company C produced 150 bunches for Rp 450,000 per growing season, and company D produced 250 bunches for Rp 750,000 per growing season. The resource or factor of production that was totally applied on the optimum condition was the green house land resources, which is a limiting resource; but other resources was excessive or not a limiting resource. The usage or availability of limiting resource could be improved to increase the profit of the company. The environmental changes can affect the company's revenue, to see how big the changes which didn’t change the optimal conditions were. It was generated by looking at the results of the sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis of the objective coefficient value which was obtained for the standard type of chrysanthemum, the allowed increase in gross profit was infinity, while the allowed decrease in gross profit was when it approached the value of the gross profit.Keyword: chrysanthemum, primal analysis, dual analysis, sensitivity analysis
Aplikasi Probiotik, Prebiotik dan Sinbiotik melalui Pakan untuk Meningkatkan Respon Imun dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus yang Diinfeksi Streptococcus agalactiae (Application of Probiotic, Prebiotic and Synbiotic through Feed for Increasing Immune Response and Survival Rate of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Infected by Streptococcus agalactiae)
Authors: Widanarni Widanarni , Farouq Achmad , Yuhana Munti
Published: April 2021

In this study, fish feed supplemented by probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic were applied to enhance the immune response and survival rate of the fish against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Treatments used in this study, were as follows: feed containing 1% (v/v) of probiotic (C), feed containing 2% (v/v) of prebiotic (D) and feed containing mixed of 1% (v/v) of probiotic + 2% (v/v) of prebiotic (E, defined as synbiotic). Control fish (both positive, A; and negative, B; treatments) were fed by fish feed without containing neither probiotic nor prebiotic. In this study, test fish used monosex (all male) red tilapia with the average of body weight of 13,43±2,97 gram. The fish were fed by supplemented feed within first 30 days pre injection. After that, the treated fish were challenged by 109 CFU/ml of S. agalactiae. Nile tilapia fed by synbiotic (treatment E) had higher immune response (haemoglobin, neutrofil, and phagocyte indices) than control, but were not significantly different than those of treatment C, and D. After challenged test by S. agalactiae, treatment C, D and E resulted significantly higher resistance than that of control. The survival rate of fish fed by supplemented feed containing probiotic (C), prebiotic (D) and synbiotic (E) were 76%, 76% and 80%, respectively; higher than than positive control (50%). The results showed that addition of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic in fish feed could increase immune response and survival rate against S. agalactiae.Keywords : tilapia, probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, Streptococcus agalactiae
Analisis Efisiensi Teknis pada Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Rakyat di Kecamatan Lembang (Technical Efficiency Analysis of Smallholder Dairy Farming at Lembang)
Authors: Cahyawati Anggraeni Efrika , Purwanto Bagus Priyo , Suryahadi Suryahadi
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze the level of techincal production efficiency of smallholder dairy farming at Lembang, West Java Province. Data were collected from selected 60 farmers by using proportionate stratified judgemental sampling method. The respondents were categorized into two groups based on lactating cow : category 1 = 1-5 lactating cows, and category 2 = 6-10 lactating cows. Each category comprised of 30 respondents. The data analysis in this study used stochastic frontier production. The result of the analysis of category 2 indicated that the presence of technical inefficiency had effects in milk production by the significant estimated gamma coefficient, the likelihood ratio test and the predicted technical within farmers. The estimated gamma parameter (ɣ) of model for production function was 0.99, indicating about 99 percent of variation in output milk among farmers was due to differences in their technical efficiencies. The result indicated that smallholder dairy farming in Lembang is efficient with an average of technical efficiency of 91 percent. Factors influencing production efficiency are farmer's age, farming experience, and livestock ownership.Keywords : dairy farms, technical efficiency, stochastic frontier analysis
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Sayuran Organik Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen dalam Membentuk Loyalitas Pelanggan (The Effect of Organic Vegetable Product Quality to Customer Satisfaction in Creating Customer Loyalty)
Authors: Hidayati Nurul , Sarma Ma'mun , Syamsun Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Development of organic vegetables in Bogor is still having problems. One is the failure to maintain market confidence. Failure  is reflected in the behavior of consumers who are reluctant to buy organic product prevent consumers to buy back the organic products. This shows people confidence to attributes and benefits of organic products (organic vegetables) are not able to meet theor needs and create satisfaction in the minds of consumers so that customer loyalty can be realized. This study aimed to asses the effect of organic vegetable product quality to customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction to customer loyalty in Bogor city. The results of this study indicate that the quality of organic vegetable products directly gives positive and significant effect to customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction directly gives positive and significant effect to customer loyalty; and the quality of organic vegetable product through customer satisfaction indirectly gives positive and significant effect to customer loyalty. The quality of the product directly gives positive effect to customer loyalty, but it's not significant.Keywords : customer loyalty  customer satisfaction, organic vegetables, product quality, Structural Equation Modeling
Strategi Pengembangan Penangkapan Ikan Pelagis Kecil dengan Alat Tangkap Jaring Insang di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara (The Development Strategy of Catching the Small Pelagic Fish by Gill Net Fishing Gear in Southeast Maluku Regency)
Authors: Ohoiwutun Elisabeth Cory
Published: April 2021

The regency of southeast Maluku has a variety of promising fisheries and marine potency to be managed. Unfortunately, it has not been used properly. The fishing production volume of small pelagic in every season using gill net fishing gear has not been able to increase the income of fishermen in Southeast Maluku regency. The analytical methods used were the External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), Internal-External (IE) and Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats (SWOT) analytical matrix. These were used to develop the strategy of small Pelagic with gill net fishing gear. Based on the result, gill net fishing gear has a number of different production each season against every kind of small pelagic fish.Keywords: fishermen, gillnet, small pelagic fish
Strategi Pemasaran Susu Kambing Di Bogor
Authors: Martha Lalita Paraduhita , Sarma Ma’mun , Najib Mukhamad
Published: April 2021

Milk consumption enhancement that not matched the number of domestic supply which still rely on cow’s milk makes Indonesia continue to importing milk, almost 70 percent of the total needed. An alternative to the fulfilment is to increase the supply from other livestock such as dairy goats. Bogor is a potential area for the development of dairy goat farm. The aims of this research are to: 1) analyze the goat's milk business potency in Bogor which considering the internal and external factors; and 2) develop an effective marketing strategy in order to improve the goat milk business in Bogor. The data was used in this research are primary and secondary data. The interviews for data collection conducted on October 2014 through November 2016, using a questionnaire tools with Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. The research respondents amounted to 9 for SWOT and 7 to AHP. The respondents located in Bogor consisted of academics, dairy goat breeders, goat's milk seller/agent, agricultural bureau of the city also animal husbandry bureau and fisheries of the district.  The internal factor has score of 2.701 of goat milk business in the city and district of Bogor, while the external factor has score of 3.085. Merging the two matrices put goat’s milk business into cell II, that is the grow and build cells. The recommendation of key strategic for goat’s milk marketing which effective based on the results of AHP with score of 0.202 is to make the development of goat’s milk business as part of government road map as an effort to optimize the potential of the city and district of Bogor.
Afinando. Búsqueda avanzada
Authors: Manuel Molina Arias
Published: April 2021

Aunque la búsqueda simple con lenguaje natural es la más sencilla, cuando queremos realizar una búsqueda más precisa tendremos que recurrir al uso de la búsqueda avanzada con los descriptores del tesauro del buscador. Esto nos permitirá realizar y combinar varias búsquedas, así como descargarlas o guardarlas en nuestra cuenta de Pubmed.
Impacto de la modalidad de carga de fluidos en el diagnóstico de la capacidad de respuesta a volumen
Authors: Juan Pedro Macias Pingarrón  , Maria Dolores Torrado Criado  , Joaquin Garcia Guerrero  , Fernando Sanchez Espinosa
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la “carga de volumen” y evaluar la diferencia en la proporción de "respondedores" (PR) según el tipo de fluido, el volumen, la duración de la infusión y el momento de la evaluación. Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas en MEDLINE y Embase para estudios que utilizan la carga de volumen como una prueba de precarga cardíaca con una descripción de la técnica, una definición reportada de capacidad de respuesta de fluidos y PR. El resultado primario fue la PR media, según el volumen de líquido, el tipo de líquidos, la tasa de infusión y el tiempo de evaluación. Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 85 estudios (3601 pacientes) en el análisis. Las PR fueron 54.4% (IC 95% 46.9-62.7) donde se administró <500 ml, 57.2% (IC 95% 52.9-61.0) donde se administraron 500 ml y 60.5% (IC 95% 35.9-79.2) donde> 500 ml fue administrado (p = 0.71). El PR no se vio afectado por el tipo de fluido. La RP fue similar entre los pacientes a los que se administró una carga de volumen durante <15 minutos (59.2%, IC 95% 54.2-64.1) y durante 15-30 minutos (57.7%, IC 95% 52.4-62.4, p = 1). Cuando el tiempo de infusión fue ≥30 minutos, hubo una PR menor de 49.9% (IC 95% 45.6-54, p = 0.04). La respuesta se evaluó al final de la exposición a los fluidos, entre 1 y 10 minutos, y > 10 minutos después de la exposición a los fluidos. Las proporciones de respondedores fueron 53.9%, 57.7% y 52.3%, respectivamente (p = 0.47). Conclusiones: el PR disminuye con un tiempo de infusión largo. Es deseable estandarizar la carga de volumen. Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the ‘charge of volume’ and evaluate the difference in proper proportion for ‘responders’ (PR) according the type of liquid, volume, the timing of infusion and the moment of evaluation. Methods: Medline and Embase searches were made for studies using charge of volumen as a cardiac precharge test among a technique description, fluid  response capacities reported definition and PR. Primary results were average PR, according liquid volumen, liquid type, infusion ratio and time for evaluation. Results: A total of 85 studies (3,601 patients) for the analysis. PR were 54.4% (IC 95% 46.9-62.7) where <500 ml was administrated 57.2% (IC 95% 52.9-61.0) where 500 ml was administrated and 60.5% (IC 95% 35.9-79.2) where >500 ml was administrated (p=0.71). PR was not influenced by the type of fluid. RP was similar among patients given a charge of volumen during <15 minutes  (59.2%, IC 95% 54.2-64.1) and during 15-30 minutes (57.7%, IC 95% 52.4-62.4, p = 1). In time of infusion ≥30 minutes, a lesser 49.9% (IC 95% 45.6-54, p = 0.04) PR happened. Response was evaluated at the end of fluid exposure between 1 and 10 minutes, and <10 minutes after fluid exposure. Responder´s proportion was 53.9%, 57.7% y 52.3% (p=0.47). Findings: PR decreases in a long infusion time.  Standardise charge of volumen is desirable.
La ecografía como método simple y rápido para evaluar la correcta colocación de sondas de alimentación enteral en pacientes críticos con ventilación mecánica
Authors: Antonia León Guisado  , María Beatriz Serna Gandía  , Julio Reguera Rosal
Published: April 2021

La radiografía (Rx) abdominal, el método diagnóstico utilizado para verificar la posición de la sonda de alimentación enteral (SAE), es una fuente de irradiación y de potenciales efectos adversos para los pacientes. Hay pocos estudios sobre colocación de SAE y ecografía. Los autores estudiaron 41 pacientes con inserción de SAE y mantenimiento de la guía hasta la comprobación de su correcta colocación con ecografía, detectando una correcta colocación en 38 pacientes frente a 3 pacientes con una inadecuada posición de la SAE, con una sensibilidad del 97% (IC 95%: 84.9-99.8%) y una especificidad del 100% (IC 95%: 19.7-100%). La evaluación de la posición de la SAE a través del abdomen mediante ecografía es práctica y segura, asociándose con resultados diagnósticos satisfactorios. ABSTRACT Abdominal X-rays (AXRs) is the classic radiological procedure used to assess placement of a nasoenteric tube (NET). As a disadvantage, AXRs expose the patient to a dose of ionizing radiation and can cause potential adverse effects in the future. There are few studies about NET placement and ultrasound (US) assessment. Authors studied 41 patients undergoing NET placement keeping the wire until correct placement US assessment. Correct placement occurred in 38 patients, with a 97% sensitivity (confidence interval, 95%: 84.9-99.8%) and a 100% specificity (CI 95%: 19.7-100%). NET placement evaluation with abdominal US is a safe and practical procedure, associated with accurate diagnostic outcomes.
¿Cómo influye el manejo anestésico en la aparición de sangrado intracraneal postoperatorio?
Authors: Helena Benito Naverac
Published: April 2021

El anestesiólogo puede ayudar a prevenir la aparición de un hematoma cerebral postoperatorio. Una extubación suave, un manejo hemodinámico cuidadoso y una buena comunicación con el equipo quirúrgico son la clave para el éxito de las intervenciones neuroquirúrgicas. ABSTRACT The anesthesiologist can help to prevent the appearance of a postoperative cerebral hematoma. Gentle extubating, careful hemodynamic management and good communication with the surgical team are the keys to the success of neurosurgical interventions.
Detección automática de la Fibrilación Auricular a través de un Smartwatch
Authors: Anna Abad Torrent  , Helena Benito Naverac
Published: April 2021

La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia cardiaca más frecuente en la práctica clínica. La prevalencia se sitúa en torno al 0,4 - 1 % de la población general. Aumenta con la edad, llegando hasta el 8% a partir de los 80 años. Esta arritmia es la principal causa a nivel mundial de accidente cerebrovascular (20-30% de los casos son debidos a la fibrilación auricular), insuficiencia cardíaca o muerte súbita. Muchas veces , es clínicamente silente o se manifiesta con síntomas vagos como las palpitaciones, que pueden atribuirse erróneamente a ansiedad y retrasar el diagnóstico. La instauración temprana de anticoagulación (en determinados casos) reduce, de forma significativa la incidencia de fenómenos tromboembólicos. ABSTRACT Automatic detection of atrial fibrillation using a Smartwatch Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice. The prevalence is around 0.4 — 1% of the general population. It increases with age, reaching up to 8% from 80 years. In cardiology, the standard for the diagnosis of a cardiac arrhythmia is based on the performance of an electrocardiogram (ECG). From the monitoring of KardiaBand ™ and SmartRhythm ™, AliveCor launches the first platform for Apple Watch series 4, which combines an electrocardiography device approved by the FDA and certain analysis algorithms with artificial intelligence models, which help to detect the atrial fibrillation.
Hay otros mundos, pero están en este. Investigación cualitativa.
Authors: Manuel Molina
Published: April 2021

La investigación cualitativa es un método que estudia la realidad en su contexto natural, tal y como se produce, con el objeto de interpretar los fenómenos de acuerdo con los significados que tienen para las personas implicadas. La investigación cualitativa aporta una información alternativa, distinta y complementaria a la de los métodos cuantitativos que resulta útil para evaluar las perspectivas de las personas implicadas en el problema que estemos estudiando. ABSTRACT There is another world, and it is this one. Qualitative research. Qualitative research is a method that studies reality in its natural context, as it occurs, in order to interpret the phenomena according to the meanings they have for the people involved. Qualitative research provides alternative information, different and complementary to that of quantitative methods that is useful to evaluate the perspectives of the people involved in the problem we are studying.
Hernia vesical en unidad de cuidados intensivos, diagnostico infrecuente. informe de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ariel Sosa Remón  , Ana Esperanza Jerez Álvarez  , Carmen Esther Chávez Remón  , Dúnior González Muñoz
Published: April 2021

La hernia vesical se define como una porción de la vejiga urinaria o divertículo que sale a través del orificio de una hernia. Es una entidad rara presente en tan solo el 1 al 3 % de las hernias inguinoescrotales. Su diagnóstico se basa en la alta sospecha clínica y la realización de una prueba de imagen. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 43 años, con hernia vesical, la cual se manifestó como una masa inguinoescrotal izquierda, relacionada a sintomatología urinaria obs­tructiva, con necesidad de ejercer presión sobre el testículo homolateral para ejecutar la micción. Fue diagnosticado por uretrocistografía re­trógrada y ultrasonido. En las placas antero-posterior y oblicua se evidenció hernia vesical, aproximadamente del 40 % por el conducto inguinal izquierda. En la placa post-miccional, ésta disminuyó su tamaño, pero sin va­ciamiento completo.
La distancia más corta. El método de los mínimos cuadrados.
Authors: Manuel Molina
Published: April 2021

El método de los mínimos cuadrados se utiliza para calcular la recta de regresión lineal que minimiza los residuos, esto es, las diferencias entre los valores reales y los estimados por la recta. Se revisa su fundamento y la forma de calcular los coeficientes de regresión con este método. ABSTRACT The shortest distance. Least squares regression. Least squares regression method is used to calculate the linear regression line that minimizes residuals, that is, the differences among real values and those estimated by the line. Its basis and the way of calculating the regression coefficients with this method are reviewed.
Droughts and the Impacts of Dry Spells in North of Iraq
Authors: Javadinejad Safieh , Hannah David , Krause Stefan , Dara Rebwar , Jafary Forough , Nasseri Mohsen
Published: April 2021

Different sets of dry spell length such as complete series, monthly maximum, seasonal maximum, and annual maximum are applied and modeled with different probability distribution functions (such as Gumbel Max, generalized extreme value, Log-Logistic, generalized logistic, inverse Gaussian, Log-Pearson 3, generalized Pareto) to recognize in which duration, dry spells cause drought. The drought situation and temporal analysis in the North of Iraq region were done using the SPI index and by software of DrinC at a time scale of 3.6 and 12 months. Because of applicability, availability of data and the aim of the study, SPI is selected to analyze the dry spells in this study. Based on the maximum length of the available statistical period, the statistics for the years 1980 to 2019 were used from nine meteorological stations for analysis. The results of the study showed the severity of drought during the study period which related to dry spells. The results of this research confirm the variation of drought occurrence with varying degrees in different time and different dry spells condition in Iraq.
Knowledge and awareness levels of dentists’ about the endo-perio lesions: the questionnaire-based research
Authors: YILMAZ ÇIRAKOĞLU Neslihan , KARAYÜREK Fatih
Published: April 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine level of knowledge and awareness of the dentists in Turkey about the endo-perio lesions.Materials and Methods: 225 dentists who answered the questionnaire from 387 dentists were included in the study. In the survey consisting of two parts, 12 questions were asked on demographic information, risk factors and the definition of the disease. The data obtained were analysed with Minitab 17 statistical software using T test, Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test.Results: Endodontics (p=0.001) and periodontists (p<0.001) were found to be significantly aware of EPL. It was observed that general practitioners did not have significant awareness about EPL (p<0.001)Conclusion: The level of awareness about EPL in specialist dentistry other than endodontists and periodontologists was found to be lower in non-specialist dentists.
The undergraduate students’ beliefs about English language learning; a survey study in Madurese context
Authors: Rahmawati Fithriyah
Published: April 2021

The discussion in line with students’ beliefs about language learning is still popular nowadays since it is believed that the student’s beliefs may influence the language learning process, such as motivation, learning style, and strategies, etc. which later ultimately affected the success of language learning. This study was conducted to investigate how students of the English program at IAIN Madura (State Islamic Institute of Madura), Indonesia, express their beliefs about English language learning. This study was implemented in terms of survey study in which the data was primarily gathered by administering the questionnaire entitled Beliefs About Language learning Inventory (BALLI) of Horwitz’s (1987). The questionnaires were administered to students of English teaching and learning program through Google form. About 144 undergraduate students in the first year have participated in this study.  The finding revealed the students’ beliefs in terms of percentage of agreements in all area of BALLI, namely language aptitude, the strategy of learning and communication, the nature of learning language, motivation and expectation in learning, and the difficulty faced by students
An item analysis on multiple-choice questions: a case of a junior high school English try-out test in Indonesia
Authors: Jannah Rohmatul , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , Husna Nida , Khasbani Imam
Published: April 2021

The present study aims to analyze multiple-choice questions obtained from a trial testing conducted in a state junior high school in Indonesia. The study seeks to reveal the level of difficulty, discriminating power and distractor efficiency of the selected test items by employing item analysis. The result of the study discovers that levels of difficulty on the question items are varied. Some question tended to be easy and moderately difficult while the others are difficult to answer. It also uncovers that, in regard to discriminating power, some questions are well constructed while the others are ambiguously worded that can potentially cause the questions to fail to evaluate the students’ ability. The analysis on distractor efficiency presents information how the chosen multiple-choice questions were frequently constructed with less effective distractors that caused more high achieving students to choose wrong answers.
Risk Assessment in the Islamic Clothing Supply Chain Management Using Best-Worst Method
Authors: Sumarliah Eli
Published: April 2021

Almost a quarter of the world's population is Muslim; thus, the Islamic clothing industry is an important global business segment. Despite the immense and emerging market size of the Islamic clothing industry worldwide, there is still a scarcity of research concentrated on Islamic clothing products in the field of supply chain risk management. No previous studies comprehensively examine and provide a systematic agenda to alleviate risks in the Islamic clothing supply chain (ICSC) management. The study presents the best�worst method to examine the ICSC's risks. Through an in-depth literature review and specialists' points of view, the study identifies critical risks in the ICSC and ranks them based on their importance. The proposed findings support corporate leaders, researchers, and policymakers, focusing on the Islamic clothing business, to continually examine the risks significantly influencing their ICSCs. Firms can concentrate on the most significant supply chain risks and build effective alleviation strategies.�
Pontes Metálicas. Apontamentos históricos e técnicos A época das vigas de rótula múltipla
Authors:   Tal Projecto, Abecasis Tiago
Published: April 2021

Os 50 anos que medeiam entre 1860 e 1910 assistiram à construção, em Portugal, do primeiro e do último tabuleiro em viga de rótula múltipla. Foi durante a segunda metade do século XIX, após a constituição, em 1852, do Ministério da Obras Públicas, Comércio e Indústria e, também, do Conselho Superior das Obras Públicas, que se assistiu à construção de grande parte da rede ferroviária e das principais estradas nacionais. Na ferrovia, uma das preocupações imediatas consistiu, naturalmente, em assegurar a ligação entre as duas principais cidades do país, Lisboa e Porto. A Linha do Norte ficou concluída em 1877, 21 anos após a inauguração do seu primeiro troço, mas nesse ano já se encontravam em construção outras tantas linhas ferroviárias e inúmeras estradas.
Die «emotionalen» Zahlen von Covid-19
Authors: Serio Clelia Di
Published: April 2021

In diesem Artikel soll ein Rückblick auf das pandemische Geschehen des letzten Jahres geworfen werden, wobei epidemiologische Vorgänge in ihrer Gesamtheit berücksichtigt werden sollen. Ausgehend von Überlegungen über die Unzuverlässigkeit der statistischen Messgrössen, die zur Überwachung von Covid-19 verwendet wurden und werden, wird untersucht, inwieweit Big Data, ein sehr innovatives Konzept des letzten Jahrzehnts, einen wirklichen Nutzen für das Gesundheitswesen haben und schnell in Wissen umgesetzt werden können. Das Thema wird sowohl in den breiteren Kontext von Epidemien im Allgemeinen eingeordnet als auch im Hinblick auf die Auswirkungen auf die Wahrnehmung eines ausgeprägteren Unsicherheitsgefühls bezüglich der eigenen Zukunft betrachtet, insbesondere bei jungen Menschen.
Entmythologisierung des Bösen
Authors: Yousefi Hamid Reza
Published: April 2021

Der Mensch ist von Natur aus weder gut noch böse. Es sind die Primärund Sekundärsozialisation, die aus ihm das machen, was sein Gewordensein darstellt. Daher ist die Kategorie des Bösen einer Entmythologisierung zu unterziehen. Konkurrenzdenken ruft Feindbilder auf den Plan. Die Welt wird in Gut und Böse, Freund und Feind unterteilt, die Identität und Zugehörigkeitsgefühl zu einer Gruppe, Religion oder Ethnie stiftet. Von diesen Gravitationszentren aus wird das Leben zu einem Kampfplatz von Macht und Interessen, die wiederum zwingen, mit Stereotypen wie ‹Gut› und ‹Böse› zu interagieren. Eine gewaltfreie Hermeneutik vermag dazu beizutragen, sich in die Welt des jeweils Anderen hineinzufühlen und Konflikte im Einvernehmen zu lösen.
Students’ views on learning French online with Microsoft Teams® during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   School of Foreign Languages, Galatasaray University, Turkey., Alabay Sercan
Published: April 2021

Technological developments have made online learning tools become a part of educational process. The Covid-19 pandemic has made them a necessity. Learning a foreign language with the help of e-learning software is a debatable subject of 21st century. Microsoft Teams® is one of this software and understanding its effect on learning a foreign language is worth studying. Thus, this study aims to understand students’ views on learning French online with Microsoft Teams. The design of this study is the case study. The participants were 23 students learning French as a foreign language. The data were gathered through semi-structured interview form and the data were analyzed through content analysis. The results of the study reveal three themes on this subject. These themes are the reality of distance learning, the user friendliness of Microsoft Teams, and learning a foreign language online. With these themes, this study tries to compose a deeper understanding about learning a foreign language with a popular software.
Pengaruh Penguasaan Kosakata dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Narasi Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Sutarya Sutarya
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui 1) Pengaruh penguasaan kosakata dan motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan menulis karangan narasi bahasa Indonesia, 2) Pengaruh penguasaan kosakata terhadap kemampuan menulis karangan narasi bahasa Indonesia, dan 3) Pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan menulis karangan narasi bahasa Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Sampel berukuran 108 siswa yang dipilih secara random dari seluruh siswa SMP Negeri Kecamatan Tirtajaya kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2018 sampai  Mei 2018. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes, penyebaran angket, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui  metode regresi sederhana dan regresi ganda. Uji statistik dipergunakan uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) penguasaan kosakata dan motivasi belajar siswa diperoleh koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,134 dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 36,5% dengan analisis regresi ganda adalah sebagai berikut : regresi   = 106,901 + 0,163 X1  - 0,427  X2. t = 2,359 dan -2,943, 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara bersama-sama Penguasaan kosakata dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Narasi Bahasa Indonesia peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Tirtajaya Kabupaten Karawang.  Hal ini dibuktikan dengan Fh = 8,089 dan nilai Sig = 0.001 kurang dari 0,05, 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Penguasaan kosakata  terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Narasi Bahasa Indonesia peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Tirtajaya Kabupaten Karawang. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai th = 2,359 dan nilai Sig = 0,020 kurang dari 0,05, 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi belajar terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Narasi Bahasa Indonesia peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Tirtajaya Kabupaten Karawang. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai th = -2,943, dan nilai Sig = 0,004 kurang dari 0,05.