bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of modifiable risk factors among stroke patients attending a tertiary care hospital at Durg district of Chhattisgarh: a case-control study
Authors: Dewangan Keshav K. , M. Junaid  , Dixit Ruchita , Kamble Nitin , Patil Amol R.
Published: June 2023

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are medical conditions or illnesses that are not caused by infectious agents. Modifiable behavioural risk factors, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, stress and the harmful use of alcohol and metabolic risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, increase the risk of stroke. Strokes in Asian patients account for more than two-thirds of the overall stroke incidence worldwide.
Methods: The Hospital based case-control study was carried out on 88 hospitalized patients with history of first time stroke and Controls were selected from hospital with no history of stroke. For each case gender, age (+5 years) matched control was selected in 1:1 ratio. A predesigned pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were compared between case and control groups using chi-squared test, Students t-tests as appropriate and Uni-variate odds ratio (ORs) for these risks factors were calculated.
Results: We recruited 88 cases of stroke and 88 controls for this study. In the current study Hypertension was found to be significantly associated with stroke. The stroke cases had significantly higher proportion of diabetes mellitus and the risk of developing stroke with diabetes mellitus was high and significant. Similarly, stroke was associated with alcohol, family history of stroke and obesity. Risk of developing stroke was not associated with cardiac disease.
Conclusions: Hypertension, alcohol, obesity are the biggest risk factors for stroke. This could be helpful in early identification of subjects at risk of stroke and formulation of public health strategy. Additional studies of large patient cohorts will be essential to validate these findings.
A critical review on fast-food consumption pattern among South Asian and Southeast Asian young adults
Authors: Arya Chhavi , Dubey Neha
Published: June 2023

Fast food consumption trend has become very popular worldwide. Globalization has led to rapid rise in the number of fast-food outlets in Asian countries. The present study focuses on reviewing the consumption pattern of fast food among young adults of South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. Here a shift has been witnessed from consumption of traditional homemade food which included healthy nutritious locally available foods toward fast foods and processed foods. An extensive review of existing scientific studies in several South Asian and Southeast Asian countries was carried out to analyse fast food consumption patterns of young adults. Globalization, affluence, busy schedules, increase in number of working female population, mass media, increase in fast food production and delivery outlets are some of the main reasons contributing to increasing fast food consumption trends. Several western fast-food franchises are now well established in developing Asian countries. Dining out culture has increased in the Asian society and is socially acceptable. A rapid nutritional shift in Southeast Asia may be due to increase in food availability and food purchasing power. Consumption of fast-food items is associated with increasing obesity rates among young adults. Such trends are also associated with the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as indigestion, hypertension, asthma, and other several diseases among South Asian and Southeast Asian adults.
A Study on the RC Education Program’s Effects: Focusing on the case of A University
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Kwon Jinhee , Han Bonghwan , Hong Hyekyung
Published: June 2023

This study analyzed the educational effects of the RC education program from the student's point of view using the case study method. The research results are as follows. First, the RC education program forms 'broad friendships and sense of belonging', 'self-discovery and motivation for growth', 'sense of community', and 'confidence and challenge spirit' of first year college students. In addition, it promotes open thinking by providing students with opportunities to be exposed to 'multiple perspectives'. Second, the characteristics of effective RC education programs are ‘convergence learning’, ‘experiential learning’, ‘cooperative learning’, and ‘shared learning and extended learning’ First-year students who participated in the RC education program made new friends, formed trust while doing RC activities together, and formed a sense of belonging to the university and gained motivation for academic activities. These results suggest that first-year students' participation in the RC program can lead to follow-up activities that help students' academic and social integration, which can have a positive educational effect in the long run. Finally, based on the findings of this study, implications for the development and operation of RC education programs and follow-up research tasks were discussed.
Developing Augmented Reality Learning and Measuring Its Effect on Independent Learning Compared to Traditional Learning
Authors: Anggrawan Anthony , C. S. Dian Syafitri , Satria Christofer
Published: May 2023

Technological advances have become the concern of researchers in the embodiment of the educational process. Current students have abandoned the old learning method by switching to digital-based learning. Therefore, this study aims to develop Android Augmented Reality (AR) learning media and measure its effect on independent learning outcomes compared to traditional classroom learning. The research method combines research and development (R&D), experiment, and survey methods. The alpha test showed the learning media application of AR functions according to the expected scenario. Meanwhile, the beta test showed most students strongly agree that: AR learning media is easy to use; the content in the AR learning media is exciting and easy to understand. Besides that AR education media helps and facilitates students in learning the basics of car engine systems. The beta test on teachers showed that AR learning media for car engine lubrication and cooling system is useful and suitable for classroom learning. Furthermore, the t-test comparison test shows that the learning outcomes of students who study independently are more successful when compared to the learning outcomes of AR students who study traditionally face-to-face.So the implication is student self-directed learning can replace the teacher's face-to-face classroom teaching.
Performance Evaluation of College Students’ Google Classroom Engagement Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Palmares Serafin C. , Abara-Palmares April Joy , T. Arroyo Jan Carlo , P. Delima Allemar Jhone
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to assess how well college students use Google Classroom as a useful and informative teaching and learning tool. The survey method was utilized in the study to measure student involvement in Google Classroom. This study's sample population included 292 college students from Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology. Algorithms such as Random Forest (RF), C4.5, and Naive Bayes (NB) were utilized with three of the most crucial techniques, such as 60% split, training set, and 8-fold cross-validation, for performing analysis on the student data. After analyzing different metrics for performance (Correctly Classified Instances, FP Rate, ROC Area, F-Measure, TP Rate, Recall, Precision, Time taken to build model, Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Squared Error, Root Relative Squared Error, Relative Absolute Error) by various algorithms for data mining, the researchers determined which algorithm performs better than others on the student dataset gathered, allowing the researchers to make a recommendation for future improvement in students' Google Classroom engagement.
Voice Recognition Systems for The Disabled Electorate: Critical Review on Architectures and Authentication Strategies
Authors: Olaniyi Olayemi Mikail , Bala Jibril Abdullah , Ganiyu Shefiu , Abdulsalam Yunusa Simpa , Eke Chimdiebube Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

An inevitable factor that makes the concept of electronic voting irresistible is the fact that it offers the possibility of exceeding the manual voting process in terms of convenience, widespread participation, and consideration for People Living with Disabilities. The underlying voting technology and ballot design can determine the credibility of election results, influence how voters felt about their ability to exercise their right to vote, and their willingness to accept the legitimacy of electoral results. However, the adoption of e-voting systems has unveiled a new set of problems such as security threats, trust, and reliability of voting systems and the electoral process itself. This paper presents a critical literature review on concepts, architectures, and existing authentication strategies in voice recognition systems for the e-voting system for the disabled electorate. Consequently, in this paper, an intelligent yet secure scheme for electronic voting systems specifically for people living with disabilities is presented.
Hedges vs boosters: Communicative mitigation and enhancement in the genre of dissertation review
Authors:   Saratov State University, Viktorova Elena Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of the cross-disciplinary research which focuses on the two types of discourse markers – hedges and boosters and their use in Russian official dissertation reviews. The study is based on reviews of official opponents and external reviewers of PhD theses on linguistics, literary criticism, history, physics, chemistry and medicine. The reviews were borrowed from the online pages of dissertation councils of Russian universities. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data proved the gradual nature of hedging and boosting and showed that hedges and boosters frequency depends on the discipline and the author of the review’s gender. It is shown that in the reviews of humanities scholars hedges prevail over boosters, whereas in natural sciences hedges are more frequent. In all disciplines excepting physics men use hedges and boosters more often than women. Moreover, boosters demonstrate a greater dependence in their frequency on both the discipline and gender whereas the hedges appear more universal in their use in all the reviews under study.
From medical dialogue to existential conflict: The dynamics of speech genres in A. P. Chekhov “Enemies”
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Ponomarenko Elena A.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the analysis of the chains of speech genres in A. P. Chekhov’s short story “Enemies”. It is argued that the speech genres which formalize the social relationships of the main characters of the story lead to an understanding of the concept of the work, as well as reveal the essence of the title of the story. It is noted that the verbal interaction of the main characters of the narrative is a system of interconnected speech genres. The article describes the speech genres that have developed in the context of the situation of verbal communication between a doctor and a patient, specifically the speech genre of a medical complaint forming the core of institutional discourse, as well as speech genres that go beyond the core area: speech genres of pleading, refusal, appeal, silence, unburdening the soul, payment for medical services. It is stated that integrating into the medical discourse, these speech genres form a functional unity with it. The author concludes that the speech genres of medical discourse reproduce the process of professional speech interaction and qualify both individual and socially conditioned qualities of the originator character and the recipient character, as well as the situation of their conversation. Invective speech genres of accusations and insults inherent in ordinary (non-institutional) discourse are characterized as conflicting speech genres indicating the status-role degradation of institutional relations. Special attention is paid to the speech genres of pleading and the speech genre of the unburdening the soul, the peculiarities of their functioning and language aspects in connection with the general cultural values and traditions of Russian spiritual culture. The article also specifies the role of the author’s remarks in the description of communicative situations.
Implicit expression of political stance in political weblogs
Authors:   Penza State University, Vidineeva Natalya Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article analyses the ways of implicit expression of the political stance of bloggers. The relevance of the topic under study is determined by the increased influence of non-institutional means of communication on political processes. Blogs, social networks, and messengers have become an important tool of communication among members of civil society, as well as platforms for expressing citizens’ positions. The expression of a blogger’s political position does not always occur directly and explicitly. The purpose of this article is to identify, describe, and analyze implicit ways of expressing a political position in a political blog. The features of the implicit expression of a political position depend, first of all, on the degree of institutionalization of the author and their professional occupation. These parameters formed the basis for the classification of authors of political blogs: official politicians; non-official political persons; journalists, political scientists as well as ordinary people. It is argued that each group of authors express a specific political position. In this respect, official politicians implicitly express patriotism, concern for the people, all this serves as a means of improving the credibility of a politician. In addition, the implicit expression of the position of the political force whose interests are represented by politicians serves as a tool for fighting during elections or referendums. Non-official politicians implicitly express oppositional views. Journalists, political scientists as well as ordinary people, can implicitly express a wide range of political beliefs – from pro-government to oppositional.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Depression as a Predictor of Suicidal Ideation Among Undergraduate Students In Private University
Authors: Agbon Azorondu Abigail , Mujeeb Adebayo Erinfolami , Samuel John Obot , Binuyo Adesoye Abiodun , Ocheze Happiness Adesanya
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and perception of depression and its potential role as a predictor of suicidal ideation among undergraduate students at Babcock University. Suicide rates among young adults have been a growing concern, and understanding the factors contributing to suicidal ideation is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. The study employs a quantitative research design and collects data through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of undergraduate students. The questionnaire assesses participants' knowledge of depression, attitudes toward mental health, perception of depression, and the presence of suicidal ideation. The findings revealed that; Undergraduate students have positive knowledge of depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation with an average of 60.7% which is below expectation. There is a negative level of attitude towards depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation among the students with an average of 48%. There is a positive perception of undergraduate students about depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation with an average of 75.1%. There is a significant and positive relationship between depression and suicidal ideation with an average of 68.5%.

Moreover, individuals with lower levels of knowledge, negative attitudes, and misconceptions about depression are more likely to experience suicidal ideation. The study highlights the importance of targeted educational programs that enhance mental health literacy, promote positive attitudes toward mental health, and challenge misconceptions surrounding depression. Implementation of such interventions can potentially reduce the prevalence of suicidal ideation among undergraduate students and foster a more supportive campus environment. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors that contribute to suicidal ideation and to validate the effectiveness of targeted interventions in reducing the risk of suicide among young adults.
Efficiency of Legal Regulation of Social Relations: Relevant Issues of the Modern Theory
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Philosophy of Law, History and Theory of State and Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, LL.D., Associate Professor, Agamirov Karen V.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the study of topical issues of modern theory regarding the effectiveness of the legal regulation of public relations. The author outlines the relevance and significance of the topic of research. A brief retrospective description of the development of domestic research practice on the problem of the effectiveness of legal regulation of public relations is given. The thesis is argued that one of the most pressing issues of modern theory is the problem of “extraordinary” legal regulation of public relations, which arose due to the complication of the epidemiological situation in the world. Emphasis is placed on one of its sub-issues, the limitation of natural human rights. The author concludes that the integration of additions, changes to national legislation, new requirements, rules, obligations, even if they are justified by a high-alert and emergency regime, a priori must comply with the provisions of de jure priority regulations. Only in this way will the legal regulation of public relations be effective de facto.
Ultimate Parameters of Permitted Construction from the Standpoint of Determination of the Object of Economic Concentration
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Studies of the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Judge Emeritus of a Regional Court, PhD (Law), Mayboroda Viktor A.
Published: May 2023

In the article, on the basis of a systematic analysis of antimonopoly, land and urban planning legislation, a justification is put forward for consideration as an object of economic concentration of actors of urban planning relations, endowed by law with the opportunity to fix limit parameters in urban planning regulations, or endowed by law with the possibility of their change.
Tax Residency of Individuals in Russia in the Conditions of High Transborder Mobility
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of the Saint Petersburg State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kilinkarova Elena V.
Published: May 2023

The article explores rules on tax residence of individuals as set in the Russian nation legislation and double tax treaties. The author comes to the conclusion that in the context of high cross-border mobility of individuals the current Russian legal regulation of tax residence does not adequately protect the fiscal interests of the state, since it uses a criterion that allows taxpayers to choose if they want to be Russian tax residents or not in the current tax period and lose their tax resident status while maintaining real personal, social and economic ties with the state. At the same time the introduction of new criteria should not be based on blind copying of the experience of foreign countries or the provisions of double tax treaties, and the new rules should use unambiguous wording. In particular, if the terms “availability of a permanent home” or “centre of vital interests” are introduced to national legislation, their meaning should be explicitly defined.
The Legal Regime of Pilot Zones of Transborder Electronic Trade in the PRC
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Commercial Law of the Saint Petersburg State University, PhD (Law), LL.M., Alekseenko Aleksandr P.
Published: May 2023

China demonstrates significant progress in developing cross-border e-commerce, as well as involving SMEs into it. For this purpose, the PRC created pilot zones of cross-border e-commerce. Its residents enjoy measures of support. This article analyzes the legislation of the PRC, provincial and municipal governments regarding the promotion of cross-border e-commerce. It is concluded that the central government determines only strategic goals, while the development plans for a particular pilot zone are formulated at the provincial and municipal levels, while local governments determine an amount of funding and the procedure for providing support measures. The author systematizes and describes the support measures that are provided to residents of the pilot zones of crossborder e-commerce. It is concluded that for the development of e-commerce, the Russian Government should not only implement an experiment on the creation of bonded warehouses, but also apply the experience of the PRC in supporting e-commerce exports.
Extension of Women’s Rights by Enforcement of Rights to Water and Favorable Sanitary Conditions
Authors:   Associate Professor of the School of Law and Public Administration of the Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India, PhD (Law), Mishra Anuja
Published: May 2023

Access to water and adequate sanitation are underlying determinants of health, which in turn, is an inclusive right. One person in three lacks access to adequate sanitation. Women are particularly vulnerable. Poor sanitation exposes females to the risk of unwanted physical assaults and other criminal activities. The international community acknowledged the importance of water and sanitation by including targets in the Millennium Development Goals. Yet we are still far from addressing this global crisis.
Some Issues of Legal Protection of Color Trademarks
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Kuban State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Zakharenko Diana S. , Kurin Igor Yu. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Kuban State University, PhD (Law)
Published: May 2023

The article analyzes the current legislation and practice of registration of colour trademarks. The limits of protection a colour as a trademark are researched. Potential problems of the widespread use of colour designations by manufacturerы of one market segment are identified. Author makes some proposals to improve the procedure for registering a colour trademark in order to prevent disputes between trademark owners and to achieve a balance of their interests.
The Correlation between Agreements on Acquisition of Issuer Options and on Provision of an Option on Conclusion of a Share Sale and Purchase Agreement
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Murdalov Deni R.
Published: May 2023

Options are one of the most demanded mechanisms for structuring by the subjects of professional exchange of their relations on the disposal of shares of companies. In an attempt to ensure possible risks, shareholders have the opportunity to use various option structures, in particular the option to conclude a contract and the emitent option. Each mechanism establishes an option right, taking into account the peculiarities of the applicable regulation to a particular mechanism, as well as shareholder legislation. The emitent’s option and the option to conclude a share purchase agreement, in the author’s opinion, should be considered through the prism of the agreement under which the option is transferred, the agreement to acquire the emitent’s option and the agreement to grant the option to conclude a share purchase agreement, respectively. These models are considered in the work in a comparative aspect, taking into account the specifics of the regulatory joint-stock and emisson legislation. The author gives the main related and distinctive features of the presented agreements, and also emphasizes the advantages of the contractual structure of the option to sell shares over a security that provides the option right to purchase shares.
Determination of the Scope of the Legal Category of Loss
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Moscow University of Finance and Law, Kovyazina Natalya M.
Published: May 2023

The problem of defining damages is closely related to their nature and legal meaning. Article 15 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation does not give a clear concept of the legal category “loss”. Proper understanding is a practical aid to determining the scope of evidence in each case. The task requires to eliminate the existing legal gap. The subject of the study is the legal category “loss”, including lost profits. The object of study was the norms of civil law, the work of civilists in this area. From the point of view of doctrinal teaching, the proposal on the definition of loss is similar to that given in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. It is proposed to give the concept of losses using a mathematical approach.
On Understanding and Systematization of Administrative Disputes in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative Law and Procedure Named after N.G. Salischeva of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Poryvaev Sergey A.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the concept of an administrative dispute, identifies the system of administrative disputes existing in the Russian legal system. Particular attention is paid to the legal regulation of judicial and extrajudicial proceedings for dispute resolution. The author considers the main characteristics of an administrative dispute, which include the subject, object and dynamics.
Awareness and willingness to pay for organic vegetables among farming households in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Onyia CC , Chukwuone NA , Onah OG , Ugwu CU , Nnadi OI , Ozioko RI
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study was to analyze awareness and willingness to pay (WTP) for organic vegetables among households in Anambra State, Nigeria. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages, and Contingent Valuation Method. One hundred and forty (140) respondents were utilized for the study but with a valid response rate of 85.7 percent to give one hundred and twenty (120) respondents sampled from the study area using multistage sampling procedure. Data used for the research was obtained with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. The most commonly consumed vegetables were pumpkin (59.17%), garden egg (28.33%), cucumber (8.33%) and amaranth (4.17%). The respondents were aware (95.83%) of the health benefits of organic vegetables and also aware (71.7%) of environmental effects of using inorganic fertilizer for vegetable production. In the WTP for organic vegetables, it was observed that 21.7% of the respondents were not WTP for organic garden egg, while 78.3% of the respondents were WTP a premium for a kg of organic garden egg. About 8.3% of the respondents were not WTP for organic pumpkin while 91.7% of them were WTP a premium for organic pumpkin. The analysis showed that in households WTP for organic garden egg, factors such as age, health, education, and awareness were significant, while WTP an amount was also significantly influenced by the same set of variables. Also, while willingness to pay for organic pumpkin was significantly influenced by health, education and awareness, WTP an amount was significantly influenced by health, education and awareness. There is need for public awareness by the media and organic Non-Government Organizations to create more programmes that will educate consumers on the health and environmental advantages of organic farming and consumption patterns over conventional practices. With this, more consumers will be willing to pay a premium for organic vegetables. Key words: Anambra state, Awareness, Farming, Organic Vegetable, Willingness to pay
Development and emergence of Sitotroga cerealella (oliver) on stored yellow maize genotypes as affected by physical factors and grain quality
Authors:   Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Boamah ED , Osekre EA , Afun JVK ,   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
Published: May 2023

Angoumois Grain Moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae) is a serious primary pest of stored grain in many parts of the world. A study was carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effects of grain physical and intrinsic properties, temperature, relative humidity, and grain moisture content on the development and emergence of S. cerealella. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with three replicates for each maize genotypes used. Daily temperatures and relative humidity were recorded at 8:00 and 16:00 GMT with a Temperature and Humidity Sensor, which was embedded in the polypropylene bag containing six maize genotypes and tied after each reading to prevent emerging insects from escaping. The number of S. cerealella that emerged was observed weekly. Angoumois grain moth emergence on stored husked maize ears began in the 3rd week through to the 6th week in storage. The moth emergence was higher in the season with higher percentage grain moisture content. A significant (P<0.05) difference was observed in percentage grain moisture within almost all the same genotypes during both major and minor seasons. Aburokokoo, Ahoodzin, and Obatanpa had significantly (P<0.05) higher mean numbers of the emerged moth from the 4th to 6th week. The grain physical and intrinsic characteristics such as surface area and weight of Aburokokoo, Ahoodzin, and Obatanpa were statistically different (P<0.05) from the other three genotypes. A significant positive relationship was observed between grain surface area, grain weight, density and total S. cerealella emerged. Abontem, Honampa, and GH2354 with smaller grain surface area and lower grain weight had smaller mean number of the moth emerging. Anthocoris nemorum (L.) an important generalist agricultural pest predator was observed to be associated with the moth when its population was high (13-63) but none when the moth population was very small (0-4) in store. The association between mean daily temperatures and relative humidity during the 6 weeks storage in both seasons was inversely proportional. About 88.25% of the variation in relative humidity depends on temperature. Key words: Maize, insect pest, grain hardness, predator, Anthocoris nemorum
Assessment of population dynamics and forest cover change in Yumbe District, Uganda
Authors:   Gulu University, Alule RJ , Nuwategeka E , Oriangi G
Published: May 2023

Sub-Saharan Africa is well endowed with both renewable and non-renewable natural resources critical in supporting several forms of development on the continent. Key among these is natural forest resources. However, the population explosion in sub-Saharan Africa in general and Uganda, in particular, is threatening the survival of these forests due to the associated increasing demand for food, fodder, energy, and land for settlement. The study was conducted in Yumbe district where the forests considered included woodland and bushland since tropical high forests have been depleted or degraded by human activities. We used a predictive model to map future forest cover loss amidst the rapidly increasing population in Yumbe district in Uganda. Specifically, the study analyzed the relationship between population dynamics and forest cover change to predict future forest cover changes. To analyze changes in forest cover, the study utilized Landsat satellite imagery for 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2021; while the population data for the respective years was obtained from the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). To explain the role of anthropogenic forces on forest cover change, the study considered different land use types as explanatory variables: planted forests, subsistence farmland, built-up areas, and other land use types. It then explored the interactions between these variables and forest cover change in the study area. Population-forest cover change model was developed to evaluate three decades of population and trends of forest cover to predict forest cover for 2032. The results indicate that in the three decades, the population increased by more than sixfold, and land area under subsistence agriculture, a proxy of population increased by 195.2%, but the forest cover declined by 80.3%. It is predicted that the forest cover will be lost completely by 2032 when the population reaches an estimated 838,078 from the current 657,430 people. This study, therefore, recommends that off-land employment opportunities such as tourism, apiary, transport, and manufacturing industries should be expanded in order to save forest resources from spatially extensive agricultural land uses. Key words: Forest, Forest cover loss, Predictive modeling, Population dynamics, Land use
Resultados preliminares del Proyecto Arqueológico de Rescate Puerto Chancay 93
Authors: Murro Juan Antonio , Cortéz Vicente , Hudtwalcker José Antonio
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados preliminares del Proyecto de Rescate Arqueológico Puerto Chancay realizado entre noviembre de 1993 y noviembre de 1994. En estas se evidencia una larga ocupación prehispánica de la zona que va desde el Periodo Intermedio Temprano hasta el Intermedio Tardío.
El Periodo Formativo de Piura
Authors: Kaulicke Peter
Published: May 2023

Hasta la década de los ochenta, el Periodo Formativo de Piura se conoció básicamente a través de investigaciones en el litoral del Bajo Piura, mientras que el conocimiento del Alto Piura era deficiente. El Proyecto Arqueológico Alto Piura (1986-1990) e investigaciones posteriores han cambiado esencialmente esta situación. Se presentan los resultados recientes examinándolos críticamente con el fin de establecer una cronología y de conocer la particular importancia de Piura en el Formativo del norte.
La arquitectura del complejo ceremonial de Chavín de Huántar: documentación tridimensional y sus implicancias
Authors: Rick John W. , Kembel Silvia R. , Rick Rosa M. , Kembel John A.
Published: May 2023

El sitio de Chavín de Huántar ha sido excavado durante mucho tiempo, pero debido a la falta de planos precisos, no se ha realizado un análisis sofisticado de la arquitectura de superficie. Este artículo revisa aun los mapas anteriormente publicados antes de presentar los resultados preliminares del proyecto de mapeo y representación tridimensional de la arquitectura externa y la de las galerías. Se combina un análisis del modelo con los resultados de excavaciones estratégicas realizadas para revelar las uniones de segmentos arquitectónicos para aclarar el crecimiento del centro monumental. Aunque las conclusiones apoyan la idea de un Templo Viejo que es anterior a un Templo Nuevo, las relaciones entre edificios específicos son mucho más complejas que lo sugerido por reconstrucciones anteriores. Se registró una estructura más antigua que el Templo Viejo, y se revisan las fechas radiocarbónicas relevantes para sugerir que la primera arquitectura de Chavín probablemente es más temprana que lo reconocido hasta hoy. Los detalles de la arquitectura sugieren un énfasis en construir con simetría, que en ciertos casos evita la destrucción de edificios anteriores. Asimismo, muchas escalinatas tienen posiciones exactas, y probablemente sirvieron como puntos de referencia para la planificación y construcción de gran parte de la arquitectura de Chavín.
Patrones prehistóricos de utilización de los camélidos sudamericanos
Authors: Wheeler Jane C.
Published: May 2023

En el presente trabajo, se evalúa la evidencia relacionada con el origen de la domesticación de los camélidos sudamericanos y el subsecuente desarrollo de las economías de pastoreo a través del análisis de los perfiles de sobrevivencia/mortalidad de estos animales. Debido a que la tabla de grupos etarios en los camélidos sudamericanos (basados en el estado de fusión de ciertos huesos) utilizada por Elizabeth Wing en su estudio de la fauna de Kotosh (1972) ha sido utilizada por arqueozoólogos que trabajan en los Andes, es posible hacer una comparacion entre los datos provenientes de varios sitios. En el presente trabajo, sin embargo, se han corregido algunos errores en la atribución de edad propuesta por Wing para la fusión de ciertos huesos y recalculado los perfiles de sobrevivencia/mortalidad publicadas para los sitios de Tulan 52, Puripica 1, Telarmachay, Kotosh, Galindo, Huacaloma y Layzón. Los perfiles resultantes revelan claramente diferencias entre las economías de caza y pastoreo, así como distintos niveles de eficiencia o estrategias de pastoreo, que sustentan hipótesis previas concernientes a los orígenes de la domesticación.
Contribuciones hacia la cronología del Periodo Arcaico en las punas de Junín
Authors: Kaulicke Peter
Published: May 2023

La estratigrafía y tipología de Uchkumachay, Junín, están presentadas así como los resultados preliminares de un estudio comparativo entre Uchkumachay y Telarmachay en colaboración con D. Lavallée y M. Julien. Estos resultados tienen mayor importancia para la formación de una cronología general del Periodo Arcaico en el área de Junín la cual es una de las áreas mejor estudiadas de los Andes Centrales durante este periodo pero que aguarda aún una síntesis general y la presentación más completa de los datos disponibles.
El Castillo de Huarmey: una plataforma funeraria del Horizonte Medio
Authors: Prümers Heiko
Published: May 2023

Gracias a unas excelentes condiciones de conservación, se ha podido recuperar un gran número de tejidos del "Castillo" de Huarmey, complejo correspondiente al Horizonte Medio. La mayoría de los tejidos "moche-huari" que se conocen actualmente provienen de este sitio. En este trabajo se discuten tambien los restos arquitectónicos conservados, así como hallazgos de superficie de otros tipos de materiales. Los datos obtenidos revelan aspectos interesantes acerca de la dinámica cultural en esta región durante el Horizonte Medio.
Identidad y filiación por suyu en el Imperio Incaico
Authors: Julien Catherine
Published: May 2023

Mediante dos casos concretos se intenta demostrar que los incas forjaban identidades imperiales en base a la división de su territorio en cuatro suyus, llamada Tawantinsuyu. En el primer caso se trata del culto al Sol en la isla de Titicaca, en el cual participaban mitimaes procedentes de los cuatro suyus. A través de la reubicación de personas procedentes de los cuatro suyus, los incas generalizaron este culto a todo el imperio. El otro caso se refiere al culto rendido a los nevados de Arequipa, llamados huacas pacariscas. Estos cultos fueron mantenidos sólo por mitimaes del suyu en que se ubicaba el nevado, forjando identidades también a un nivel local. Además, hay que destacar que, al igual que en la región del Cuzco, la división en suyus se relacionaba con los lugares sagrados y, en este caso, con los sitios sagrados más importantes del territorio andino.
Arqueología y etnohistoria en Vilcashuamán
Authors: González Carré Enrique , Pozzi-Escot Denise
Published: May 2023

Se presenta información sobre la ocupación de Vilcashuamán, a partir de evidencias documentales y monumentales que permiten esbozar su proceso histórico, poniendo énfasis en la descripción de las características sobre la cerámica y la arquitectura de los pueblos de la sierra central durante el Periodo Intermedio Tardío, para poder explicar luego la ocupación incaica de la zona.
Armatambo y el dominio incaico en el valle de Lima
Authors: Díaz Luisa , Vallejo Francisco
Published: May 2023

Armatambo es uno de los pocos sitios de gran extensión del área de Lima que en las dos últimas décadas ha sufrido mayores modificaciones debido al crecimiento de la ciudad y del que arqueológicamente es poco lo que se sabe. El conocimiento sobre este centro urbano ha estado mayoritariamente restringido a las notas de viajeros del siglo XIX y a las fuentes históricas. Estas últimas mencionan que Armatambo constituyó un centro urbano muy importante en el esquema organizativo de la costa central durante la época inca y que llegó a alcanzar la categoría de hunu. De hecho, recientes investigaciones de los autores en la Huaca San Pedro —uno de los edificios de Armatambo— han podido complementar la información obtenida en temporadas anteriores y han evidenciado la intensa ocupación incaica en el sitio. Esta se manifiesta en los grandes cambios que se dan en la arquitectura ichma, en las nuevas formas de organización y uso del espacio, así como en la aparición de cambios en el patrón funerario y la incorporación de nuevas formas cerámicas.
Presencia incaica en el "paisaje de acontecimientos" de un sector de la puna de Jujuy: huanca, usnu, cachauis y quipildor
Authors: Gentile Margarita E.
Published: May 2023

El sector noroeste del altiplano jujeño formó parte del Collasuyu, rumbo sur del Tahuantinsuyu. Allí son claramente visibles cuatro elementos arquitectónicos que formaron parte del "paisaje de acontecimientos" entre los siglos XV y XX: huanca, usnu, cachauis y quipildor, relacionados con distintas, pero no diversas, ceremonias periódicas destinadas a recordar y solicitar la ayuda de los antepasados y el Rayo. Todos ellos son, además, de regular visibilidad en la arqueología y folklore de la zona.
La momia inca del nevado de Chuscha (noroeste argentino): resultado preliminar de su estudio
Authors: Schobinger Juan
Published: May 2023

Ochenta años atrás, lugareños de la zona entre las provincias de Salta y Catamarca extrajeron un cuerpo bien conservado de una meseta ubicada al pie de la cumbre del nevado de Chuscha, cuya altura es de 5400 metros. Este hallazgo fue llevado al Museo de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas de Mendoza con el fin de proceder a su estudio interdisciplinario. El análisis de antropología física determinó que se trataba de un individuo femenino de ocho años de edad, aproximadamente. El infante vestía un ajuar de típico estilo Inca y fue el personaje principal de un sacrificio ritual. Su muerte fue ocasionada al arrojársele una lanza que le atravesó el tórax. Este modo de sacrificar a los individuos es extraño, pues no se han encontrado casos similares para momias de altura. Dos expediciones proporcionaron algunos datos sobre la dominación inca en esta región, a la que recién se ha comenzado a estudiar arqueológicamente.
Arquitectura ceremonial en Cerro Azul: el señorío de Huarco y la ocupación inca
Authors: Guzmán Juárez Miguel
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo está basado en un estudio arquitectónico del sitio arqueológico de Cerro Azul, edificado por la sociedad del señorío de Huarco (1100-1470 d.C.) y reocupado por la administración inca. La organización espacial está definida por su cercana relación con el mar y por los accidentes geográficos que lo circundan, lo que le otorga un carácter especial al paisaje en el que la arquitectura se inserta. El edificio analizado, la Estructura I, da pautas para comprender una cosmovisión donde los espacios debieron diseñarse en función de eventos rituales consistentes.
Excavaciones en el sitio de Uquira, valle de Asia
Authors: Baca Marroquín Emily
Published: May 2023

La presente nota ofrece resultados preliminares de las excavaciones realizadas en el sitio de Uquira, situado en el pequeño valle de Asia, a 101 kilómetros al sur de Lima. Se han identificado y recuperado evidencias de ocupación local e inca, así como datos sobre la función de este sitio durante la época inca y sus relaciones con otros asentamientos del valle. Los vestigios encontrados permiten también examinar las estrategias empleadas por los incas para controlar una zona conquistada.
Hospitalidad e intercambio en los valles mesotermales del Noroeste Argentino
Authors: Williams Verónica , Villegas María Paula , Gheggi María Soledad , Chaparro María Gabriela
Published: May 2023

El dominio inca en los Andes del sur se basó en el manejo simultáneo del control militar, la ideología y la hospitalidad ceremonial. La comida y las celebraciones públicas fueron fundamentales para el surgimiento de jerarquías sociales y en la negociación del poder mediante la creación de alianzas y relaciones de reciprocidad. En el Noroeste Argentino, la administración inca ejerció un gobierno directo en ubicaciones clave. Para poder obtener una visión más clara de los procesos micropolíticos que se desarrollaron en algunos valles mesotermales del Noroeste Argentino bajo el dominio inca se intentará conocer la importancia que las fiestas o ceremonias tuvieron para las elites estatales al crear límites sociales por medio del consumo de alimentos especiales y del uso de formas cerámicas distintivas. Para ello, el Estado invirtió energía en ampliar las áreas agrícolas como una estrategia de producción y administración de bienes y servicios mediante el dominio del espacio productivo, el cual fue apropiado por el Inca a partir del ya existente vínculo pukara-ancestros-fertilidad de las chacras.
El contexto económico de la alfarería temprana en el caso de San Jacinto 1
Authors: Oyuela-Caycedo Augusto
Published: May 2023

San Jacinto 1, un sitio arqueológico localizado en la región sabanera de la costa norte de Colombia, revela la evidencia de cazadores-recolectores que realizaron trabajos de alfarería y procesaron plantas silvestres desde 5940 ± 60 a.p. hasta 5190 ± 40 a.p. (6000-5000 a.C. en fechados calibrados). El sitio es tratado en términos del contexto social y económico de evidencia temprana de alfarería en el Nuevo Mundo. Las actividades sociales y el conjunto de artefactos arqueológicos están relacionados con el uso de estrategias de movilidad logística dentro de un territorio restringido en un ambiente muy estacional. La tecnología lítica se relaciona con el procesamiento de plantas silvestres recolectadas, algo que representa, al parecer, una etapa temprana en el proceso que llevó a una dependencia de la producción de alimentos. Esta es la primera vez que un sitio con propósitos especiales de este tipo es reportado para los trópicos americanos.
Culturas y lenguas antiguas de la sierra norcentral del Perú: una investigación arqueolingüística
Authors: Lau George
Published: May 2023

En el presente trabajo se analizan los desarrollos culturales de gran escala en la sierra norcentral del Peru durante el primer milenio d.C., con énfasis en sus implicancias para el uso y dispersión de las lenguas antiguas. La región de Áncash es de un interés especial debido a su larga historia de investigaciones, su ubicación geográfica, la diversidad en las culturas arqueológicas y la presencia de una serie de lenguas, muchas de ellas hoy extintas. En esa etapa, específicamente entre el inicio y el final del Periodo Intermedio Temprano, la interacción cultural entre los grupos de la sierra norte y sus vecinos fue muy importante. El término del Horizonte Medio también fue testigo de una interacción intensiva y transformaciones culturales. Esta contribución concluye con un ensayo interdisciplinario con el objeto de examinar los rasgos arqueológicos de la lengua culle. Se comparan las distribuciones de artefactos materiales, arquitectura y topónimos de sitios arqueológicos y se ha logrado determinar que hay una correspondencia razonable, si bien imperfecta, entre los datos.