bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heritability, Correlation, and Genotype by Environment Interaction of Phenological and Fruit Quality Traits in Peach
Authors: Rawandoozi Zena , Hartmann Timothy , Byrne David , Carpenedo Silvia
Published: December 2020

Ten phenological and fruit quality traits were evaluated in seedlings from nine F1 low to medium chill full-sib peach (Prunus persica) families and their parents over 2 years at two locations (Fowler, CA, and College Station, TX) to estimate variance components, genotype by environment interaction (G×E), and phenotypic correlations using restricted maximum likelihood mixed and multivariate models. The removal of nectarine [P. persica var. nucipersica (fruit without fuzz)] and pantao (flat shape fruit) seedlings from the analysis decreased the heritability for the fruit size, blush, tip, and soluble solids concentration (SSC), indicating the importance of taking the effects of the major gene of nectarine/pantao into account when assessing the heritability of traits. A strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.92) found between ripe date (RD) and fruit development period (FDP) and between fruit weight (FW) and fruit diameter (FD), indicates that either measure is equally effective, although the negative correlation between bloom date (BD) and FDP (r = −0.46) implies earlier blooming during cool temperatures tends to extend FDP. FW, FD, blush, and SSC had moderately weak correlations with RD (r = 0.56, 0.53, −0.41, and 0.48) and FDP (r = 0.57, 0.56, −0.50, and 0.39, respectively), which could be explained either by the presence of a strong link between quantitative trait loci of these traits and the ripening date locus or the pleiotropic effect of ripening date on many quantitative fruit characters. The traits RD, FDP, and titratable acidity (TA) had the highest broad-sense heritability (H2) and lowest G×E. FW, tip, and shape showed the lowest H2, the highest of G×E variance to the genetic F (G×E variance/total genotypic variance), and high G×E, whereas the other traits showed moderate G×E. For the traits that had a higher G×E interaction, selection for or against these traits should be done at the production location. A moderate narrow-sense heritability (h2) was estimated for BD, blush, fruit tip, and shape. FW and FD showed low to moderate h2 while H2 was high, whereas RD, FDP, SSC, and TA showed low h2 and high H2 estimates, indicating important nonadditive effects for these traits.
Konsep Wasathiyyah M. Quraish Shihab dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah (Analisis Hermeneutika Hans-Georg Gadamer)
Authors: Huda Nur , Hamid Nur , Misbah Muhammad Khoirul
Published: December 2020

The Islamic world, especially Indonesia, is increasingly experiencing moral and mental decline so that life is increasingly far from Islamic values. The emergence of extreme ideas and deviating from the truth also added to the atmosphere. It is wasaṭhiyyah, a moderate attitude in various aspects of life that is slowly being echoed by Muslim scholars in various parts of the world and is used as a powerful formula in dealing with the above problems. This research tries to discuss the concept of wasaṭhiyyah according to M. Quraish Shihab in Tafsir Al-Misbah. This research is classified as library research. The researcher used Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutic analysis. With this analysis knife, the researcher found that the Tafsir Al-Misbah was written as a response to M. Quraish Shihab's response to the phenomena and conflicts that occurred at that time. The fusion between Shihab's understanding of wasaṭhiyyah with various horizons; text and society produces a concept of wasaṭhiyyah which is a fair, balanced and tolerant attitude in life, both in world and in the hereafter
An Investigation into Knowledge of the Concept of Consumption: A Case of BA Students
Authors: CİZRELİOĞULLARI Mehmet Necati , BABAYİĞİT Mehmet Veysi , ALTUN Özlem
Published: December 2020

Consumption has changed considerably since the second half of the 20th century; in fact, it has become one of the social concepts. As the concept of consumption garners attention, and intensity, psychological, social, economic, cultural, and structural factors have come to significantly affect individual consumption habits. This research aims to investigate the effects of knowledge of consumption patterns on the consumption habits of students in the departments of Kurdish Language and Culture and English Language Education at Dicle University. A quantitative method using a questionnaire was applied to 130 of the 180 students enrolled in these departments. Descriptive, factor, t-test, and regression analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics 22. The findings reveal that the students were on the idea that there is a correlation between their knowledge with regard to gender, family income level, and employment status of consumption behavior. Additionally, environmental factors that determine consumption habits positively affect the consumption behavior of the students and social media. There is a serious lack of studies on this subject; this study will hopefully inspire future work on this topic.
Comparative assessment of the inline and branching design strategies based on the compound technique
Authors: Triki Ali
Published: December 2020

The inline or branching water hammer control strategies, which are based on the insertion of compound plastic short-penstock or inline section at the transient-induced region of main pipes, illustrated a promising ability to upgrade steel pipe-based hydraulic systems concerning the extension of admissible pressure level. In this respect, prior results suggested that the specific layout utilizing an (HDPE–LDPE) compound short-penstock (where the (HDPE) sub-short-penstock is attached to the main steel pipe and the (LDPE) sub-short-penstock corresponds to the short-penstock dead-end side) provided significant attenuation of pressure magnitude. Concurrently, recent studies concluded that the (HDPE–LDPE) compound short-section-based inline strategy provided substantial attenuation of pressure magnitude. However, these strategies illustrated a drawback relying on the expansion of the period of pressure wave oscillations. Accordingly, this study assessed and compared the capacities of the compound technique concerning the trade-off between the magnitude-attenuation and the period-expansion of pressure wave oscillations. The findings of these analyses showed that the (HDPE–LDPE) compound short-penstock particular setup of the branching strategy allowed the best trade-off between the attenuation of magnitude and the period expansion of pressure wave oscillations. Furthermore, results showed the competitiveness of the latter upgrading strategy as compared to the (HDPE) or (LDPE) main pipe-based renewed hydraulic systems.
Daily water quality evaluation of reservoir and cyanobacteria pollution index calculation
Authors: Zhang Wen , Liu Zhiwei
Published: December 2020

Water quality evaluation is the most direct and quantitative description of a reservoir water environment. Due to the lack of biological factor evaluation in water quality evaluation at present, the conventional pollution index evaluation system was used to evaluate water quality and the correlation between the evaluation indexes and the concentration of cyanobacteria was studied. After determining the correlation, a novel calculation method using the cyanobacteria pollution index was determined by principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the eutrophication index and nitrogen phosphorus index of the water body were high. Biological pollution in reservoirs cannot be ignored. The correlation between eutrophication index and cyanobacteria concentration was weak (Pearson correlation = 0.242). For the reservoir, it was necessary to establish a special cyanobacteria pollution index. Five variables were used for the cyanobacteria pollution index calculation by the PCA method. The total variance of the two main components was 77.107%, which reflected most of the data information. In the reservoirs of other areas, similar parameters can also be selected to calculate the cyanobacteria pollution index. This research provides a reference for the biological factor evaluation of similar reservoirs in the world.
Halloysite nanotube blended nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes for reactive dye removal
Authors: Keskin Başak , Ağtaş Meltem , Ormancı-Acar Türkan , Türken Türker , İmer Derya Y. , Ünal Serkan , Menceloğlu Yusuf Z. , Uçar-Demir Tuğba , Koyuncu İsmail
Published: December 2020

In this paper, ultrafiltration (UF) flat sheet membranes were manufactured by introducing two diverse halloysite nanotubes (HNT) size (5 μm and 63 μm) and five different (0, 0.63, 1.88, 3.13, 6.30 wt %) ratios by wet phase inversion. Some characterization methods which are contact angle, zeta potential, viscosity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Young's modulus measurements were used for ultrafiltration membranes. Synthetic dye waters which were Setazol Red and Reactive Orange were used for filtration performance tests. These dye solutions were filtered in three different pH conditions and three different temperature conditions for pH and temperature resistance to understand how flux and removal efficiency change. The best water permeability results were obtained as 190.5 LMH and 192 LMH, for halloysite nanotubes (HNT) sizes of 5 μm and 63 μm respectively. The best water and dye performance of UF membrane contains 1.88% w/w ratio of HNT, which showed increased water flux and dye flux of membranes according to different HNT concentrations including ultrafiltration membranes.
Filozofia sozologii systemowej
Authors: Dołęga Józef Marceli
Published: December 2020

Filozofia sozologii systemowej przedstawiona w niniejszej pracy charakteryzuje się oryginalnością pod względem przedmiotowym i metaprzedmiotowym. W aspekcie metaprzedmiotowym, określanym tu jako filozofia sozologii, należy wyróżnić następujące elementy: opracowanie pojęcia „środowisko”, sprecyzowanie zawartości wyrażenia „środowisko społeczno-przyrodnicze”, podanie definicji sozologii systemowej, zdefiniowanie przedmiotu tej dyscypliny wiedzy, zaprezentowanie jej struktury, a zwłaszcza podkreślenie znaczenia jej interdyscyplinarności, transdyscyplinarności, systemowości i globalności. W aspekcie przedmiotowym lub esencjalnym oryginalność tej pracy polega na wskazaniu podstawowych zagadnień sozologii systemowej i przedstawieniu ich w odniesieniu do sześciu sfer, w których rozpatrywane są procesy życiowe: stan środowiska społeczno-przyrodniczego, źródła zagrożenia i skażenia środowiska, wpływ zmieniającego się środowiska na życie na Ziemi oraz sposoby i środki ochrony tego środowiska.
Concepts and trends in environmental education for sustainable development
Authors: Hens Luc
Published: December 2020

Summary in English is not available.
Ujęcie systemowe w pracach K. E. Ciołkowskiego
Authors: Pawłowa Jelena
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie jest niedostępne.
CYP2C and CYP2B Mediated Metabolic Activation of Retrorsine in Cyp3a Knockout Mice
Authors: Pang Xiaoyan , Tang Chongzhuang , Kong Fandi , Chen Meixia , Chen Xiaoyan
Published: December 2020

Background:

Retrorsine is one of the hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which could be converted into a highly reactive metabolite, dehydroretrorsine, by CYP3A, and to a lesser extent by CYP2C and CYP2B.

Objective:

We employed Cyp3a knockout (3AKO) mice to investigate whether the absence of CYP3A could attenuate dehydroretrorsine formation and the role of CYP2C and CYP2B in the formation.

Methods:

Blood and liver samples were collected after intragastrical administration of 35 mg/kg retrorsine or saline for seven days in wild-type (WT) and 3AKO mice. Blood pyrrole-protein adducts were semi quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The formations of glutathionyl-6,7-dihydro-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (GSH-DHP) and the activities of CYP3A, CYP2B and CYP2C were evaluated in the liver microsomes of WT and 3AKO mice before and after treatment. The metabolic phenotype of retrorsine was determined in human liver microsomes. The gene and protein expression of retrorsine metabolism-related CYP450s in the liver was measured by quantitative real-time PCR method and western blotting method. The serum cytokine level was detected by the ELISA method to reveal the potential mechanism of Cyp3a, Cyp2b and Cyp2c downregulation.

Results:

After an oral administration of 35 mg/kg retrorsine for seven days, the blood exposures of DHP adducts between WT and 3AKO mice were similar, consistent with the comparable formation of GSH-DHP in their liver microsomes. The chemical inhibitor experiment in liver microsomes indicated the predominant role of CYP3A and CYP2C in GSH-DHP formation in WT and 3AKO mice, respectively. Real-time qPCR analysis showed that the expressions of Cyp2b10 and Cyp2cs increased 2.3-161-fold in 3AKO mice, which was consistent with protein changes. The increased CYP2B activity in 3AKO mice supported the potential role of CYP2B in GSH-DHP formation. After a seven-day treatment of retrorsine, the yields of GSH-DHP were lower than the untreated ones in both alleles, accompanied by the decreased mRNA of Cyp3a, Cyp2b and Cyp2c. The increased serum IL6 might mediate the retrorsine-induced downregulation of Cyp450s.

Conclusion:

These data demonstrated the increased transcription of Cyp2c and Cyp2b caused by Cyp3a ablation, which played a vital role in the metabolic activation of retrorsine, and long-term exposure of retrorsine can reduce the CYP450 activities.
The Association of Hot/Cold Status of Temperament with Depression and
Hopelessness Scores in Females
Authors: Aliabadi Shabnam , Alvyar Laleh , Zendehboodi Zahra
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

One of the basic concepts of traditional medicine (TM) is temperament (mizaj), which plays an
important role in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In TM, depression and hopelessness were assumed to be related with
coldness of temperament. To verify this assumption, the current study was design to examine the association of depression
and hopelessness with hot/cold status of temperament in females.

Methods:

The sample included 340 healthy females from Fars province, southern Iran. Depression and hopelessness scores
were measured using Beck’s depression inventory and Beck’s hopelessness scales, respectively. Participants’ hot/cold status
of temperament were determined using a self-reported temperament identification scale which classified the volunteers’
temperament into three groups including warm, temperate and cold. One way analysis of variance and the post-hoc Bonferoni test were applied for comparison between the study groups.

Results:

According to the result, the mean of depression and hopelessness scores in cold group were significantly higher
than that of warm group (for depression: p < 0.01, for hopelessness: p < 0.01).

Discussion:

The results of this study revealed the association of depression and hopelessness scores with coldness of temperament which support the theoretical principles of TM concerning the correlation of coldness with less positive modes.

Conclusion:

As the conclusion, based on the data of this study, depression and hopelessness scores appear to be affected
by the temperament. These findings therefore may promise to take advantage of traditional medicine in the prevention and
treatment of mental disorders.
Effectiveness of Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Agents in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khodashahi Rozita , Naderi Hamidreza , Bojdy Amin , Khodashahi Mandana
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) posed a severe threat to global health. Therefore, new findings on effective
treatment for symptomatic patients with COVID-19 are considered among emergency issues.
This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of pharmacologic interventions in the
management of patients with COVID-19. All the articles published in three electronic databases, including
Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science, were searched from September 15 to
September 30, 2020. Eventually, 24 papers published till September 30 remained to be included in
this review. The effectiveness of immunomodulatory and antiviral agents in the treatment of patients
with COVID-19 was assessed in this review. The obtained results of the current review rejected
the potential of HCQ for the treatment of COVID; however, there was a clinical improvement in
patients treated with ruxolitinib in comparison to that reported for the control group. Methylprednisolone,
dexamethasone, and calcifediol were suggested as beneficial treatments for patients with
COVID-19. The potential efficacy of these antiviral drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is controversial;
nevertheless, the triple combination of antiviral and immunomodulatory agents is effective
in suppressing the shedding of SARS-CoV-2. There have been no supportive data on the superiority
of favipiravir and LPV/r to standard care in the treatment of COVID-19. In addition, no difference
was observed between favipiravir and arbidol for the treatment of these patients. There was an
association between remdesivir treatment and a reduction of 5 days in clinical improvement among
COVID-19 patients. It is required to carry out further RCTs with an in-depth research basis on
COVID-19.
Adenoid Hypertrophy, Craniofacial Growth and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Crucial Triad in Children
Authors: Volkov Stanislav I. , Ginter Olga V. , Covantev Serghei , Corlateanu Alexandru
Published: December 2020

Age-related (physiological) AH is an important problem in pediatric otorhinolaryngology.
Since the beginning of the 70s, there has been an increase in the proportion of children with
pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy. Functional disorders of the oropharynx in children occupy the second
place based on their incidence (after disorders of the musculoskeletal system). In previous
years, there has been an increase in the incidence and prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
(OSAS) among children. In most cases of pediatric OSAS, upper airway obstruction occurs
from the nasopharynx to the oropharynx, caused by upper airway stenosis. Consequences of untreated
OSAS in children can be inattention and behavioral problems, daytime sleepiness, and in
more severe cases are associated with a variety of comorbidities. The current review discusses the
links between hypertrophied adenoids, craniofacial development and OSAS in children taking into
account physiological and pathophysiological aspects as well as clinical evaluation of the problem.
Profiling of Autophagy-Associated microRNAs in the Osteosarcoma Cell Line of U2OS
Authors: Mutlu Harun , Mutlu Serhat , Bostancıklıoğlu Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Background:

Autophagy is a cellular process that plays role in the destruction of proteins and organelles. It has been shown
that impaired autophagic flux triggers canceration, infectious disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. It has been suggested that tumor
formation is inhibited by autophagy that reduces oxidative stress and recycles damaged organelles. microRNAs are 17–25 bp in length,
single-stranded, and non-coding small RNAs that play roles in the regulation of metabolic gene expression at the post-transcriptional
level. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer that affects mainly children and adolescents.

Objective:

The current article aims to profile autophagy-associated miRNAs in osteosarcoma cell lines and to
examine the therapeutical potentials of these miRNAs by suppressing their expressions with Adriamycin and
Rapamycin.

Methods:

We used fluidigm dynamic array nanofluidic chip 96.96 for mRNA expression assay in osteosarcoma
cell line U2OS.

Results:

It was probed that after the suppression of autophagy-associated miRNAs by adriamycin and rapamycin,
while most of the miRNAs were down-regulated in osteosarcoma cell lines, some miRNAs’ expressions, such as
miR-3141, miR-4296, miR-133b, and miR-720, were strikingly increased. Rapamycin and adriamycin, mTOR
inhibitors, stir autophagic machinery, which results in decreased cell survival.

Conclusion:

Together, we propose that the expressions of miR-3141, miR-4296, miR-133b, and miR-720 might
exacerbate the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma; therefore, the suppression of these miRNAs with the loss-offunction
approaches could be an appropriate strategy that is worth testing in osteosarcoma.
Neuroprotective Effects of Nardostachys jatamans Against BSO Induced Anxiety via its Antioxidant Machinery and by Elevating Catecholamines and GABA levels in Mice
Authors: Razack Sakina , Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar , Amruta Narayanappa , Khanum Farhath
Published: December 2020

Aims:

In the present study we aimed to investigate neuroprotective effects of Nardostachys
jatamansi against BSO induced anxiety in mice.

Background:

Oxidative stress is implicated in nervous system impairment and development of
anxiety-like disorders. There is an immediate surge for identification of herbal supplements to treat
oxidative stress mediated anxiety and neurodegener-ation.

Objective:

In present study, we analyzed the metabolites present in 70 % ethanolic extract of Nardostachys
jatamansi (NJE) by LC-ESI-MS/MS and RP-HPLC. Oxidative stress was induced using
BSO (300 mg/kg) for 7 days after pretreatment with Nardostachys jatamansi extract (250 mg/kg)
followed by assessing anxiety levels in mice using behavioural indices and biochemical parameters
as well as western blot of two important biomarkers linking oxidative stress with anxiety viz gly-oxalase
1 and glutathione reductase.

Methods:

LC–ESI-MS/MS analysis aided in identification of the major metabolites present in NJE.
RP-HPLC analysis for neurotransmitter content, behavioural tests for anxiety analysis, oxidative
stress markers by biochemical analysis, and west-ern blot analysis for oxidative stress markers
were evaluated.

Result:

LC–ESI-MS/MS analysis aided in identification of the major metabolites present in NJE.
A total of 15 metabolites were identified. RP-HPLC analysis for serotonin and melatonin content
revealed an enriched melatonin content 72.19 ± 1.6 μg/g, however, serotonin could not be detected.
The anxiolytic tests employed showed that BSO-induced oxidative stress for 7 days caused a significant
decrement in time spent in open arm of EPM, in exploratory behavior in OFT and light compartment
of LDB and also in a number of licks and shocks accepted in VCT. NJE further decreased
oxidative stress mediated markers in serum viz cortisol, lipid peroxides and protein carbonyls in
brain and improved the antioxidant status of brain (GPx, GR, GST, SOD, CAT, and ABTS). NJE
also mitigated levels of choline and glutamate in brain. Moreover, NJE in-creased brain GABA and
monoamine levels thereby effectively overcoming the anxiety-like effects of BSO.

Conclusion:

These results clearly suggest that OS mediates anxiety and NJE could be an effective
remedy in treating oxi-dative stress mediated anxiety and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Microalgae Diversities in Different Depths of Sendang Biru Beach, Malang East Java
Authors: Aulia Rahma Yustika , Wihelmina Getrudis , Sugireng Sugireng , Ardiyati Tri
Published: December 2020

Sendang Biru beach is a one of the coastal area located in Sumbermanjing Wetan, Malang, East Java-Indonesia. As a sea tourism, there are another residents activities such as fishing, fish landing and auction in Malang. That activities can caused pollution on the Sendang Biru aquatic environment. The research aim were to describe the water quality of Sendang Biru aquatic environment based on phytoplankton diversity. This research used several data collection techniques, that were microalgae sampling technique and measurement of physical and chemical water quality. Phytoplankton found in Sendang Biru Beach consists of 47 genus that are genus from seven divisions, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Dinophyta, Chrysophyta and Charophyta. The most abundant phytoplankton while having the Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) at the edge zone is the genus Oscillatoria sp. (the abundance is 4368000 Ind/L and INP 26,288). In the central and inner zones are both dominated by Coscinodiscus sp. (The abundance of center zone 4992000 Ind/L and INP 30,499; the abundance of inside zone is 9464000 Ind/L and INP 40,773). The level of diversity of phytoplankton in the three area of Sendang Biru beach are 2,297 in the edge zone; 2,37 in the central zone, and 1,8 in the inner zone. The pollution status of Sendang Biru beach can be classified as polluted moderately based on diversity index value on three different zone in the Sendang Biru Beach.
Keanekaragaman Burung Sebagai Potensi Pengembangan Avitourism di Objek Wisata Girimanik, Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Lukman Mubarik Ade , Aditya Aditya , T. Mayrendra Chairiza , Latrianto Avandi , Prasetyo Yusuf E. , Sukma Raka N. , N. Alifah Eliza , N. Latifah Tasya , P. Kusuma Syela , R. Al Karim Yoshe
Published: December 2020

Avitourism sebagai salah satu konsep ekowisata memiliki manfaat pada bidang pendidikan, lingkungan, dan ekonomi. Objek wisata Girimanik sebagai kawasan ekowisata menyimpan potensi keanekaragaman burung dengan didukung kondisi habitat yang relatif baik. Akan tetapi, eksplorasi data keanekaragaman burung belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman burung sebagai potensi untuk dijadikan kawasan avitourism di objek wisata Girimanik. Pengambilan data burung dilakukan pada tanggal 11-15 Agustus 2018 di enam jalur pengamatan objek wisata Girimanik, dengan menggunakan metode IPA (Index Point of vbAbundance). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner, indeks kemelimpahan relatif, indeks kekayaan jenis, dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitatif untuk menjelaskan potensi avitourism. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 60 spesies burung dalam 32 famili dengan tingkat keanekaragaman tinggi sebesar 3,1. Kemelimpahan burung didapatkan sebanyak 34 jenis termasuk kategori tidak umum, 22 jenis kategori sering, kategori umum sebanyak tiga jenis, dan satu jenis melimpah. Kekayaan jenis tertinggi dijumpai di jalur Air Terjun Manikmoyo. Berdasarkan potensi avitourism, sebanyak sembilan jenis burung endemik Jawa, tiga jenis terindeks daftar merah IUCN dan tiga jenis masuk Apendik II CITES, 10 jenis yang dilindungi pemerintah, lima jenis raptor, dan enam jenis burung yang memiliki bulu indah serta tiga jenis bersuara merdu. Girimanik berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kawasan avitourism
Qualidade das juntas coladas de madeira de cinco espécies de Eucalyptus com adesivos acetato de polivinila e resorcina-formaldeído
Authors: Trianoski Rosilani , Iwakiri Setsuo , Bonduelle Ghislaine Miranda
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial das madeiras de Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus urophylla, para produção de painéis colados lateralmente (EGP) e madeira laminada colada (MLC). As propriedades físicas e químicas das madeiras foram determinadas com base nas normas COPANT 461/459:1972 e TAPPI 204/252:2002. Foram confeccionadas juntas coladas com adesivo acetato de polivinila (PVA), com gramaturas de 150 g m-2 e 200 g m-2, e resorcina-formaldeído (RF), com 200 g m-2 e 300 g m-2. A qualidade de colagem foi avaliada por meio de ensaios de cisalhamento, com base na norma EN 13354:2008. Todas as espécies apresentaram densidade básica de média a baixa e anisotropia de contração de média a alta. O teor de extrativos totais e pH estão dentro da faixa referenciada na literatura. As avaliações dos resultados com base nos requisitos da norma EN 15353:2008 para 5º percentil inferior indicaram que as espécies E. benthamii, E. dunnii, E. grandis e E. saligna, apresentam potencial para produção de painéis EGP com adesivo PVA, para o uso interno, e externo com cobertura. Para a colagem com adesivo RF, o E. dunni apresentou melhores resultados, sendo indicativo do seu bom potencial para a produção de madeira laminada colada, visando aplicações estruturais em ambientes interno úmido e externo. Para os dois tipos de adesivos o aumento na gramatura não afetou os resultados de cisalhamento das juntas coladas.
Assessment of Internet Hospitals in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: National Cross-Sectional Data Analysis Study
Authors: Xu Xingyan , Cai Yingying , Wu Siying , Guo Jianhui , Yang Le , Lan Jieli , Sun Yi , Wang Bingbing , Wu Jieyu , Wang Tinggui , Huang Shuna , Lin Yawen , Hu Yuduan , Chen Mingjun , Gao Xuecai , Xie Xiaoxu
Published: December 2020

Background

Internet hospitals in China are being rapidly developed as an innovative approach to providing health services. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has triggered the development of internet hospitals that promote outpatient service delivery to the public via internet technologies. To date, no studies have assessed China's internet hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of China's internet hospitals and assess the health service capacity of these hospitals.

Methods

Data on 711 internet hospitals were collected from official websites, the WeChat (Tencent Inc) platform, smartphone apps, and the Baidu search engine until July 16, 2020.

Results

As of July 16, 2020, 711 internet hospitals were developed in mainland China. More than half of these internet hospitals (421/711, 59.2%) were established during 2019 (206/711, 29%) and 2020 (215/711, 30.2%). Furthermore, about one-third (215/711, 30.2%) of internet hospitals were established at the beginning of 2020 as an emergency response to the COVID-19 epidemic. The 711 internet hospitals consisted of the following 3 types of hospitals: government-oriented (42/711, 5.91%), hospital-oriented (143/711, 20.11%), and enterprise-oriented internet hospitals (526/711, 73.98%). The vast majority of internet hospitals were traditional hospitals (526/711, 74%). Nearly 46.1% (221/711) of internet hospitals requested doctors to provide health services at a specific web clinic. Most patients (224/639, 35.1%) accessed outpatient services via WeChat. Internet hospitals’ consulting methods included SMS text messaging consultations involving the use of graphics (552/570, 96.8%), video consultations (248/570, 43.5%), and telephone consultations (238/570, 41.8%). The median number of available web-based doctors was 43, and the median consultation fees of fever clinics and other outpatient clinics were ¥0 (US $0) per consultation and ¥6 (US $0.93) per consultation, respectively. Internet hospitals have provided various services during the COVID-19 pandemic, including medical prescription, drug delivery, and medical insurance services.

Conclusions

The dramatic increase of internet hospitals in China has played an important role in the prevention and control of COVID-19. Internet hospitals provide different and convenient medical services for people in need.
Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 During the First Nationwide Lockdown in Vietnam: Web-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Ngoc Cong Duong Khanh , Nguyen Le Bao Tien , Thi Lan Nguyen Phuong , Vo Van Thanh , Phung Lam Toi , Pham Gia Anh , Anuratpanich Luerat , Vo Van Bay
Published: December 2020

Background

The first nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was implemented in Vietnam from April 1 to 15, 2020. Nevertheless, there has been limited information on the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of the public.

Objective

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological issues and identify the factors associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam.

Methods

We employed a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling. A self-administered, online survey was used to collect data and assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants from April 10 to 15, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were utilized to assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants during social distancing due to COVID-19. Associations across factors were explored using regression analysis.

Results

A total of 1385 respondents completed the survey. Of this, 35.9% (n=497) experienced psychological distress, as well as depression (n=325, 23.5%), anxiety (n=195, 14.1%), and stress (n=309, 22.3%). Respondents who evaluated their physical health as average had a higher IES-R score (beta coefficient [B]=9.16, 95% CI 6.43 to 11.89), as well as higher depression (B=5.85, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.21), anxiety (B=3.64, 95% CI 2.64 to 4.63), and stress (B=5.19, 95% CI 3.83 to 6.56) scores for DASS-21 than those who rated their health as good or very good. Those who self-reported their health as bad or very bad experienced more severe depression (B=9.57, 95% CI 4.54 to 14.59), anxiety (B=7.24, 95% CI 3.55 to 10.9), and stress (B=10.60, 95% CI 5.56 to 15.65). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with depression (B=3.34, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.01) and stress (B=2.34, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.85). Regarding worries about COVID-19, more than half (n=755, 54.5%) expressed concern for their children aged <18 years, which increased their IES-R score (B=7.81, 95% CI 4.98 to 10.64) and DASS-21 stress score (B=1.75, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.24). The majority of respondents (n=1335, 96.4%) were confident about their doctor’s expertise in terms of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, which was positively associated with less distress caused by the outbreak (B=–7.84, 95% CI –14.58 to –1.11).

Conclusions

The findings highlight the effect of COVID-19 on mental health during the nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. The study provides useful evidence for policy decision makers to develop and implement interventions to mitigate these impacts.
Measuring COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Parents: Psychometric Comparison of Four Different Inventories (Preprint)
Authors: Kubb Christian , Foran Heather M
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak and the measures to contain the global pandemic can have an impact on the well-being and mental health status of individuals. Parents of young children are particularly at risk for high levels of parental stress due to the current public health crisis, which can impact parenting behaviors and children’s well-being. Although different initial scales have been developed to measure COVID-19–related anxiety, they have not yet been tested sufficiently in parent samples. A brief measure of COVID-19–related anxiety is necessary for both quick assessment in practice and in larger epidemiological studies of parents.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to compare the distributions, validities, and reliabilities of four different COVID-19 anxiety scales: Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Pandemic Anxiety Scale, and one subscale of the COVID Stress Scales. Based on the psychometric properties of these scales, we aim to provide recommendations for a brief unidimensional inventory to assess COVID-19–related anxiety among parents.

METHODS

A cross-sectional web-based survey of 515 German-speaking parents (465 mothers, 90.3%) with at least one child aged 0-6 years was conducted during a 6-week period (June 29 to August 9, 2020). Half of the parents were recruited via Facebook parenting groups, while the other half were recruited through childcare centers. We psychometrically tested 25 items on COVID-19–related anxiety using the framework of classical test theory, including item analysis, correlational analysis of family variables, and exploratory factor analysis. Moreover, an item response theory approach was applied to estimate item discriminations and item difficulties.

RESULTS

Based on the psychometric properties, three items of the Pandemic Anxiety Scale were identified as a single unidimensional factor. The adapted scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α=.79), moderate to high item discrimination, strong positive intercorrelation with two other COVID-19 anxiety scales, and a small positive association with parenting stress. Mothers and fathers did not differ in total scores (t513=−0.79, P=.42).

CONCLUSIONS

Factor analysis suggests that existing COVID-19–related anxiety scales measure different latent constructs of anxiety. Furthermore, all scales showed only small to moderate correlations with trait health anxiety, suggesting that COVID-19–related anxiety is distinct from general health anxiety. The adapted “disease anxiety” subscale of the Pandemic Anxiety Scale is an economical measure for assessing COVID-19–related anxiety in parents. Directions for future research are outlined.
Satisfaction and Usability of an Information and Communications Technology–Based System by Clinically Healthy Patients With COVID-19 and Medical Professionals: Cross-sectional Survey and Focus Group Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bae Ye Seul , Kim Kyung Hwan , Choi Sae Won , Ko Taehoon , Lim Jun Seo , Piao Meihua
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Digital health care is an important strategy in the war against COVID-19. South Korea introduced living and treatment support centers (LTSCs) to control regional outbreaks and care for patients with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) introduced information and communications technology (ICT)–based solutions to manage clinically healthy patients with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate satisfaction and usability by patients and health professionals in the optimal use of a mobile app and wearable device that SNUH introduced to the LTSC for clinically healthy patients with COVID-19.

METHODS

Online surveys and focus group interviews were conducted to collect quantitative and qualitative data.

RESULTS

Regarding usability testing of the wearable device, perceived usefulness had the highest mean score of 4.45 (SD 0.57) points out of 5. Regarding usability of the mobile app, perceived usefulness had the highest mean score of 4.62 (SD 0.48) points out of 5. Regarding satisfaction items for the mobile app among medical professionals, the “self-reporting” item had the highest mean score of 4.42 (SD 0.58) points out of 5. In focus group interviews of health care professionals, hospital information system interfacing was the most important functional requirement for ICT-based COVID-19 telemedicine.

CONCLUSIONS

Improvement of patient safety and reduction of the burden on medical staff were the expected positive outcomes. Stability and reliability of the device, patient education, accountability, and reimbursement issues should be considered as part of the development of remote patient monitoring. In responding to a novel contagious disease, telemedicine and a wearable device were shown to be useful during a global crisis.
Correction: COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: A Technologic Tower of Babel and the Gap for International Pandemic Control (Preprint)
Authors: Du Li , Raposo Vera Lúcia , Wang Meng
Published: December 2020

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MENTAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: TOMAR BALVIR SINGH , RAJ PREETI , SUMAN SUPRIYA , SINGH PRATIMA , NATHIYA DEEPAK
Published: December 2020

Objective: As there is a dearth of researches targeting the Indian population on this issue, we decided to conduct a survey to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 on mental health and quality of life of Indians.

Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, a total of 2245 participants above 16 y of age were included. Mental health variables were assessed via depression, anxiety and stress subscale (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-7), Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-15), Quality of life (QoL-5) and social media exposure.

Results: The multivariate logistic regression demonstrated female (OR-1.17, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.38) had significantly higher depression scores whereas, housewife had higher depression (OR-1.68, 95% CI: 1.33 to 2.13), anxiety (OR-1.64, 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.35), insomnia (OR-1.32, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.53), somatic symptoms (OR-1.76, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.57). Front line workers had a higher psychological impact with increased scores of anxieties (OR-1.23, 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.53), stress (OR-1.82, 95% CI: 0.76 to 2.55), insomnia (OR-1.65, 95% CI: 1.31 to 2.09). Lower education level had significantly higher score in depression (OR-1.14, 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.32), insomnia (OR-2.42, 95% CI: 2.07 to 2.84), somatic symptoms (OR-2.59, 95% CI: 1.80 to 3.37). Poor physical health, social media exposure was significantly associated with heightened anxiety score.

Conclusion: There is a need for psychological intervention as the dynamics and severity of COVID-19 is rapidly changing. These findings could guide the public health authorities to target and implement health measures to combat the pandemic.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF N-MIRACLE (POLYHERBAL FORMULATION) AGAINST ETHANOL INDUCED TOXICITY IN MALE ALBINO RATS
Authors: ANGAPPAN MEENATCHI SUNDARAM
Published: December 2020

Objective: The aim of this current study is to investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of N-Miracle (a polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced toxicity in male albino rats.

Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200 g were used for the study. A total of 30 male albino rats were selected, divided into five groups. Ethanol-induced liver damage was done on Group III, IV, and V. Group I and Group II served as a normal and drug (N-Miracle) control. After the treatment period, the rats were anaesthetized by light ether anesthesia in a lethal chamber. Hepatic biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, histopathological examination are carried out to document the hepatoprotective effect of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation).

Results: The results of the present study demonstrated a significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of Aspartate Aminotransaminase (AST), Alanine Aminotransaminase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in ethanol-induced rats as compared to normal and drug control Groups. The level of total protein and albumin were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in ethanol-treated rats. The toxic impact of ethanol was found to be restored in rats treated with N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation). The present study also exhibited the enzymatic antioxidant efficacy of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced toxicity in rats by increasing the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and decreasing the activity of Glutathione-S-transferase in the liver. The findings are also correlated with histopathological examination of N-Miracle treated group, which shows hepatic regeneration and decrease in degradation of hepatocytes.

Conclusion: This study could provide a possible explanation to hepatotoxicity resulting from exposure to ethanol. The findings of the present study revealed the ameliorative effect of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by improving the liver function, increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes and restoring the morphological features of the liver.
PRESCRIBING PATTERN OF ANTIBIOTICS AMONG OUTDOOR PATIENTS IN MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN INDIA
Authors: LATA SUMAN , KHAJURIA VIJAY , SAWHNEY VINEETA , SHAH SANJAY
Published: December 2020

Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine the prescribing pattern of antibiotics in the outpatient department of medicine in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in department of pharmacology in collaboration with department of medicine of Govt Medical College Kathua for a period of one month. Prescription of all patients attending medicine OPD who were prescribed antibiotics was analysed.

Results: A total of 450 prescription of OPD patients were analysed. Out of these 200 prescriptions of patients had antibiotics prescribed. 98% of prescriptions had oral antibiotics and other 2% were prescribed injectable antibiotics. 70 % of prescriptions were on the single antibiotic and in 30% of prescriptions, fixed-dose combination were prescribed. Cefpodoxime antibiotic was most commonly prescribed in the cephalosporin group, followed by amoxy-clavulanic acid, azithromycin. Irrational prescribing of antibiotics was 34% and it was quite high in our study.

Conclusions: Cefpodoxime was most commonly prescribed in cephalosporin group among all antibiotics. Irrational prescribing was quite high in present study. Our result calls for the urgency of refresher courses like stewardship programmes regarding antibiotic use to avoid irrational usage.
Relatório sobre a situação de dengue no Estado da Bahia, 1994-1997
Authors: Dias Juarez Pereira
Published: December 2020

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Hipertensão arterial em adultos de um bairro de Salvador, Bahia
Authors: Formigli Vera Lúcia Almeida
Published: December 2020

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Medicina ambulatorial
Authors: Tavares-Neto José
Published: December 2020

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A legislação sanitária e a qualidade da água nas clínicas de hemodiálise de Salvador
Authors: De Oliveira Ione Carvalho Pimentel
Published: December 2020

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Uso de bebidas alcoólicas entre adolescentes: perfil de experimentação, uso regular e fatores de risco. Feira de Santana - Bahia
Authors: Alves Maria Vilma de Queiroz Moura
Published: December 2020

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Editorial
Authors: Barboza Filho José Carlos
Published: December 2020

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EPIDEMIOLOGIA DOS ACIDENTES EM UMA COMUNIDADE DE BAIXA RENDA DE SALVADOR, BAHIA.
Authors: André Sumaia Boaventura , Carvalho Fernando Martins , Daltro Carla da Cunha , Pena Paulo Gilvane
Published: December 2020

Este estudo objetivou determinar a incidência de acidentes domiciliares eextra-domiciliares numa comunidade de baixa renda de Salvador, Bahia. Foi realizado umestudo de corte transversal de caráter censitário em 609 moradores da Gamboa de Baixosobre a ocorrência de acidentes nos 15 dias anteriores à entrevista. No período estudado, 27moradores referiram acidentes (coeficiente de incidência=44,3 por 1.000). Coeficientes deincidência foram mais elevados entre indivíduos do sexo masculino, menores de cinco anosde idade, cor da pele preta. Predominaram acidentes em domicílio (44,4%), quedas (51,9%),lacerações/ferimentos (40,7%), atingindo pernas (29,6%), pés (22,2%) ou cabeça (22,2%),e que levaram à procura de atendimento de saúde (37%). As consequências dos acidentesforam: limitação de atividades (22,2%), ficar acamado (11,1%), procurar atendimento(37%), exame médico (14,8%), atendimento de emergência (11,1%) e sequela física (7,4%).Incidentes (acidentes sem lesão) afetaram 3 (11,1%) dos 27 acidentados. Todos os 27acidentes foram classificados como “leves” (com limitação das atividades habituais por menosde 30 dias). Na literatura científica mundial existem poucos estudos de caráter censitáriosobre o conjunto de acidentes em populações. A análise comparativa dos resultados desteestudo foi prejudicada pela grande variação nos aspectos conceituais e metodológicos dosestudos epidemiológicos sobre acidentes.