bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational culture’s influence on the adoption of information management technology in construction projects in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Njuguna Melody , Alkizim Ahmad , Wanyona Githae
Published: January 2025

The construction industry, being collaborative in nature, has over time grown to accommodate professionals from various backgrounds with varying degrees of human interaction that brings its own organizational culture. This increase in complex and ever-changing construction project activities during the life cycle of construction requires effective communication using appropriate information technology. Many studies have documented the slow uptake of this technology in the industry and have focused on processes and systems when researching the reasons behind it. Human factors, and particularly the unique project organizational culture in construction projects have not been vastly addressed in relation to uptake of information management technology. With reference to the Competing Values Framework the study sought to find out the effect of project organizational culture on information management technology adoption in construction projects in Nairobi, based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. It also described the characteristics of construction project organizational culture, and the perception of respondents on extent of adoption of information management technology and the relationship between the project organizational culture and information management technology adoption. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used and primary data collected using questionnaires. Quantitative Data was analyzed SPSS v25. The findings were that all four components of the Competing Values Framework (collaboration, competition, creativity and control) were statistically significant in the uptake of information management technology. It was also found that the construction projects environment skews collaborative and control-based in nature, and this requires an enhancement of information management technology that ensures values and common goals of the Clan culture (collaboration) and Hierarchy culture (control), an atmosphere of collectivity, discipline and mutual help, and an emphasis on empowerment and project participant evolvement. Organizational culture therefore has an impact in the uptake of Information Management technology for construction projects.
Impact of sustained adoption of Climate-Smart Agriculture on crop productivity in the West Usambara Mountains, Tanzania
Authors: Mzingula Emmanuel P. , Massawe Fatihiya A. , Salanga Raymond J.
Published: January 2025

Climate change in the West Usambara Mountains has added more challenges to smallholder farmers who are already negatively affected by land degradation. Sustained adoption of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) can improve crop productivity by addressing challenges posed by both climate change and land degradation. From 2011 to 2019, the Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) project disseminated and promoted the use of CSA technologies to improve crop productivity. Understanding the impact of CSA on crop productivity among farming households that received interventions is crucial for advising policy and improving extension services. This study assessed the impact of sustained adoption of CSA on crop productivity after phasing out the CCAFS project. Specifically, the study assessed sustained adoption of CSA technologies and evaluated the impact of CSA on crop productivity after the CCAFS project phased out. A sample of 124 households was selected by using simple random sampling from 140 farming households that received interventions. Methods of data collection were household questionnaire survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis was conducted by using descriptive analysis, paired-samples t-tests and thematic analysis. Results showed that there was an improvement in sustained adoption of tree planting (from 45% to 68%), organic fertilizers (from 64% to 82%), improved seeds (42% to 85%) and weather information services (from 36% to 72%) compared to adoption at the beginning of the project while sustained adoption of terraces (26%), minimum tillage(21%) and contour ridges(19%) remained low. The t-test shows that sustained CSA had significant impact on crop productivity since it increased crop productivity for maize, Irish potatoes, beans and cabbages by 41.9%, 65.2%, 29.2% and 44.3%, respectively after implementation of the CCAFS project. The study concludes that sustained adoption of CSA increased crop productivity in the study area. This study recommends that policymakers, agricultural extension workers and researchers continue the dissemination and promotion of CSA technologies to improve crop productivity regardless of external assistance.
Subsurface water retention technology does not increase greenhouse gas emissions from sandy soils under semi-arid conditions
Authors: Musei Sylus Kipngeno , Kuyah Shem , Ng'ang'a Stanley Karanja , Karugu Winifred N , Chirinda Ngonidzashe , Nkurunziza Libère
Published: January 2025

Subsurface water retention technology (SWRT), a polyethylene membrane-based technology, is known to enhance water retention and potentially reduce nutrient leaching beyond the root zone, thus improving crop yields, but its effect on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remains unclear. This study therefore evaluated the impact of SWRT on soil carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes over two growing seasons (November 2021 to March 2022 and April to August 2022) using maize (Zea mays) as a test crop under rain-fed conditions. This study used six replicate farms in Makueni County, Kenya. In each farm, SWRT were manually installed in two plots, and the control was represented by a plot with no SWRT, with each plot measuring 20 by 10 m. Static chambers were installed, and GHG samples were collected bi-weekly to determine CH4, CO2, and N2O fluxes. SWRT plots emitted lower GHG during both growing seasons than the control plots. The mean daily emissions from SWRT plots ranged between -3.54 to -0.009 g CH4-C ha-1 day-1 , 1790 to 5790 g CO2-C ha-1 day-1 and -0.07 to 2.69 g N2O-N ha-1 day-1 for CH4, CO2 and N2O, respectively. For the control plots CH4, CO2 and N2O emissions ranged between -4.02 to -1.44 g CH4-C ha-1 day-1 , 1980 to 5880 g CO2-C ha-1 day-1 and -0.49 to 40.47 g N2O-N ha-1 day-1 , respectively. Significantly higher plant height, leaf area index (LAI) and aboveground biomass were recorded in SWRT than the control. In both seasons, the differences in N2O, CH4 and CO2 between SWRT and control were however non-significant. As SWRT improved maize growth parameters, it can be regarded as a climate-friendly option as it improves crop growth on sandy soils without increasing GHG emissions.
Beekeepers’ perception of the suitability of climate-smart compliant bee-hive technologies in honey production: The case of Nyandarua and Kajiado counties
Authors: Siminyu Philip , Maina Fredah , Oginga Adonijah , Malombe Itambo , Gikungu Mary
Published: January 2025

With increased climate-related challenges, beekeeping practices need to adopt climate-smart technologies to ensure high colonization rates and security against human and animal destruction. This study assessed beekeepers’ perception of the suitability of bee hive technologies for honey production. The study tested the hypothesis that improved bee hive technologies do not increase honey production. A multinomial Logit (MNL) regression model was used to analyze data from 428 randomly selected beekeepers in 2 sub-counties each of Kajiado and Nyandarua Counties where the Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project (KCSAP) is being implemented. Most beekeepers preferred the Kenya Top Bar hives (41%) and the Langstroth (36%). Based on the significant MNL at P < 0.01, this study concluded that honey productivity is influenced by the preference of the bee hive types. There is a need for enhanced training in beekeeping on climate-smart practices to increase the adoption of improved hive technologies and honey production.
Three new African species in the genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Authors: Larsen Knud
Published: January 2025

Three new species from Africa are described in the genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini). Coccothera yangambiana sp. nov., Coccothera willydeprinsi sp. nov. and Coccothera juratedeprinsi sp. nov. Diagnostic characters are illustrated and described, and the type locality is illustrated. The biology and distribution of the species are not known except for the collecting dates and locality.
Determinants of the initial setup of a national Public Health institute in SubSaharan Africa: Insights from Burkina Faso
Authors: Hien Hervé , Millogo Claude , Whitney Ellen , Zoonekyndt Amandine , Nicolas Meda
Published: January 2025

The development of Burkina Faso's National Public Health Institute (NPHI) provided valuable insights for other countries seeking to enhance their health security. This paper aims to document the preliminary setup of the NPHI in Burkina Faso and share lessons learned and best practices with other African countries. From January to June 2023, we analysed the literature produced by the NPHI supplemented by semi-structured interviews. A total of 15 participants were included in the interviews. These participants were selected from individuals with firsthand experience implementing the NPHI. The documentation period ranged from 2017 to 2021. An analysis of the thematic content was carried out. The preliminary setup process was inclusive, participatory, and adaptive, leading to the development of foundational texts for the institution. Key factors favouring the preliminary setup included effective stakeholder involvement, strong leadership from the setup team, and valuable lessons learned from peer exchange visits with other NPHIs. Decision-makers and managers of NPHIs involved in creating their NPHI could draw inspiration from Burkina Faso's experience to achieve their goal effectively.
La mise en place de l'Institut national de santé publique (INSP) du Burkina Faso a permis à d'autres pays d'améliorer leur sécurité sanitaire. Ce document vise à documenter la mise en place préliminaire de l'INSP au Burkina Faso et à partager les leçons apprises et les meilleures pratiques avec d'autres pays africains. De janvier à juin 2023, nous avons réalisé une analyse de la littérature produite par l’INSP complétée par des entretiens semi structurés. Au total 15 participants ont été inclus pour les entretiens. Ces participants ont été sélectionnés parmi les personnes qui ont vécu l’expérience de la mise en place de l’INSP. La période de documentation a concerné 2017-2021. Une analyse du contenu thématique a été réalisée. Le processus de mise en place préliminaire a été inclusif, participatif et adaptatif, ce qui a conduit à l'élaboration de textes fondamentaux pour l'institution. Les principaux facteurs qui ont favorisé la mise en place préliminaire comprenaient la participation efficace des intervenants, le leadership solide de l'équipe de mise en place et les précieuses leçons tirées des visites d'échange entre pairs avec d'autres INSP. Les décideurs et gestionnaires des INSP impliqués dans la création de leur institution pourraient s'inspirer de ces expériences du Burkina Faso pour réaliser leurs intentions.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Antibiotic Usage and Resistance among People Attending Primary Healthcare in Rwanda
Authors: Ndayisenga Jerome , Tuyishime Obed , Sibomana Olivier , Kwizera Philemon , Niyompano Hosee , Hakizayezu François , Fitch Margaret I.
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global threat to public health with sub-Saharan Africa facing a substantial burden. Our study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices of antibiotic usage and resistance among people attending primary healthcare facilities in Rwanda.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was conducted at three health centres in Kigali, and it involved 246 individuals. We used a close-ended questionnaire for data collection. The levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices were calculated as proportions of correct answers, with high, good, or positive being greater or equal to 70%. The chi-square test was used to find the association between demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitudes and practices.ResultsAmong 246 participants, 8 (3.2%) and 51 (20.7%) had high knowledge of antibiotic usage and antimicrobial resistance respectively. In addition, 81 (32.9%) had a positive attitude and 97 (39.4%) had good practices. Attitudes were significantly positive in males (p = 0.003) and among individuals with a university education (p = 0.007). Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance was significantly high in males (p-value = 0.047).ConclusionLimited levels of knowledge, attitude and practices on antibiotic usage and resistance were found, with women having lower levels in multiple aspects. Strategies to promote rational use of antibiotics ought to address social inequities.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2024;7(3): 454-470
Assessment of Dyslipidaemia and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Kabutare District Hospital, Huye, Rwanda
Authors: Mapira Herbert Tendayi , Musangwa Joseph , Mugenga Anselme , Umurerwa Jessca , Ufitikirezi Dominique , Musarurwa Cuthbert
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDyslipidaemia is a major contributing factor to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients. People with T2DM are at a significantly high risk of developing dyslipidaemia which in turn is a risk factor for CVD. The objective of this study was to assess the risk factors for CVD in T2DM patients. MethodologyA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 T2DM patients consecutively presenting at Kabutare District Hospital, Huye District southern Rwanda. Excluded were patients on lipid lowering drugs and those with chronic renal and liver diseases.ResultsThe overall prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 79% with hypoalphalipoproteinaemia (47%) being the most common and hypercholesterolaemia (29%) the least frequent. When stratified according to glycaemic control, median diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher (p=0.045) in participants whose median fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was ≥5.6 mmol/L. Median fasting triglycerides (p=0.006) and non-HDL-C (p=0.019) concentrations were significantly lower in euglycaemic participants compared to participants with median FPG ≥5.6 mmol/L. Dysglycaemia was significantly associated with dyslipidaemia status (p=0.001).ConclusionEffective management and monitoring of dyslipidaemia, particularly among those with poor glycaemic control, is crucial in mitigating CVD risks in this population.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2024;7(3):471-484
Advancements in topical antifungal treatment: Cream and hydrogel nanosponge integration loaded with Palmarosa essential oil
Authors: Setiawan Iwan , Wandani Diska , Ernawati  , Asmani Fadli , Kusuma Eka , Kurniawan
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To optimize the preparation of hydrogel and creams integrated using nanosponge loaded with palmarosa essential oil.
Method: Palmarosa nanosponge essential oil was formulated by oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion solvent diffusion method using various ratios  of drug to polymer; ethylcellulose (EC). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and dichloromethane were used to create the aqueous and dispersed  phases, respectively. Furthermore, nanosponge (NS) was studied for particle size and zeta potential, followed by integration into cream  and hydrogel preparations. The preparations were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics and antifungal activity in vivo in animals  induced by Candida albicans.
Results: Results showed that the physical testing for optimum preparation of hydrogel had a pH of 6.9 ±  0.10, adhesion of 1.43 ± 0.40 seconds, spreadability of 5.43 ± 0.55 cm and viscosity of 276 ± 25.16 dPa.s. Meanwhile, for cream preparation,  pH, adhesion, spreadability and viscosity values were 6.6 ± 0.2, 2.25 ± 0.37 seconds, 7 ± 0.70 cm, and 1500 ± 5 dPa.s,  respectively. The in vivo test for antifungal activity in test animals induced with Candida albicans showed that treatment had a  significantly different effect on the healing process of candidiasis infection.
Conclusion: This study offers new knowledge regarding the  development of hydrogel preparations and nanosponge integration cream containing palmarosa essential oil. The preparations had the  advantages of efficacious ingredients, with good drug release and spreadability profile through the skin.
Evaluating melatonin's neuroprotective effect on the cerebellar cortex of adult male albino rats following monosodium glutamate exposure: a comprehensive biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Sayed Hoda , Mehdar Khlood , Alqahtani Saad , Haredy Haredy , Elshafie Sabah , Shediwah Amal
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To investigate neurotoxic effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on rat cerebellar cortices and evaluate potential neuroprotective action of melatonin.Methods: Adult male albino rats (40) were randomly categorized into four groups of ten rats each comprising Group I (control), Group II  (melatonin-treated, 6 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection), Group III (MSG-treated, 4 mg/kg/day IP) and Group IV (co-treated with  MSG and melatonin). After 14 days of injections, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to determine serum glucose, total  cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels. Cerebellar tissues were processed for histological examination, and homogenized specimens  were used to estimate malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels.  Results: Administration of MSG significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum glucose, TC, TG, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels while significantly  decreasing GSH level (p < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed that MSG exerted degenerative effects, including the presence of pyknotic  Purkinje cells, with strong positive reactions for caspase-3 and glial fibrillary acidic protein as well as weak reactions for β-cell  lymphoma-2 and synaptophysin. However, melatonin administration improved these parameters.Conclusion: Monosodium glutamate induces neuronal injury in rat cerebellar cortex, but melatonin demonstrates a protective effect  against these degenerative changes. There is a need for additional studies to understand the mechanisms of MSG and melatonin effects.
Telemedicine promise for tomorrow: The role of video synchronous medical consultation in a primary health center (PHC) in a sub-Saharan Africa setting
Authors: Osehobo Philip , Moye Pamela , Pounds Teresa , Akoria Obehi
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To demonstrate the use of telemedicine electronic communications to exchange medical information from one site to another  to improve a patient’s clinical and medical care during a remote clinical service. The goals and purpose of this research were centered  around improving healthcare delivery in Edo State, Nigeria, by leveraging telemedicine technologies.
Methods: This 12-month  retrospective case study involved a live, two-way telemedicine primary care service in three rural primary health centers (PHCs) in Edo  State. Patients were identified through outreach efforts and met criteria including chronic conditions like hypertension or diabetes, lack of  access to physicians, and financial barriers to care. Weekly telemedicine visits with USA-based physicians were documented in the  electronic health records (EHR), capturing diagnoses, vital metrics, medication adherence, and patient satisfaction.
Results: Seventy-five  patients (66 % female, mean age 66) participated. Among hypertensive patients, systolic blood pressure (SBP) reductions ranged from 22  mmHg (p < 0.0001) at Oredo and Ukpenu PHCs to 5 mmHg at Ugbor PHC, with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) improvements at most  sites. Diabetic patients at Ukpenu PHC showed significant fasting glucose reductions (p < 0.002), but changes were minimal at other  PHCs.
Conclusion: Telemedicine demonstrated its potential to enhance chronic disease management and healthcare access in resource- limited settings, yielding positive clinical outcomes and high patient satisfaction.
Health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the clinical associations of EQ-5D utility scores
Authors: Pok Lydia , Shabaruddin Fatiha , Ng Choung , Lee Hwai , Raja Jasmin
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To assess health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and the clinical associations in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).
Methods: A cross-sectional study on multi-ethnic RA patients was performed. Disease activity was assessed using DAS28-ESR. HR-QoL  was measured by EQ5D, functional disability by HAQ-DI and fatigue by FACIT-F.
Results: A total of 214 predominantly female (86.9 %) patients were recruited. Median age was 62 years; Inter-quartile range (IQR): 53 –  68 years. Median and mean EQ-5D scores were 0.793 (IQR: 0.647 – 0.879) and 0.752 (SD: 0.165) respectively. Median EQ-5D scores for  patients in remission, low, moderate, and high disease activity were 0.879 (IQR: 0.742 – 0.933), 0.795 (IQR: 0.645 – 0.880), 0.742 (IQR: 0.564  – 0.818) and 0.653 (IQR: 0.323 – 0.775) respectively. Median EQ-5D scores for patients with mild to moderate, moderate to severe, and  severe to very severe disability were 0.795 (IQR: 0.714 – 0.933), 0.728 (IQR: 0.564 – 0.818) and 0.554 (IQR: 0.287 – 0.765) respectively.  DAS28-ESR, HAQDI, ethnicity and FACIT-F correlated with HR-QoL. EQ-5D scores were lowest in patients requiring biologic disease- modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) compared to none or conventional DMARDs, although this was not significant.
Conclusion: HR-QoL declined as RA disease activity and disability increased. Treat-to-target strategies and preventing joint destruction  may improve health-related outcomes of RA patients. It is recommended that future studies be conducted in multiple health centers  across Malaysia to capture variations in HR-QoL of RA patients nationally.
Lumefantrine-neusilin® based amorphous multicomponent solid dispersion: In vivo and in vitro characterization
Authors: Ugwu Calister , Onyishi Ikechukwu , Onunkwo Godswill , Obitte Bridget , Diovu Edith , Momoh Mumuni
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To develop Neusilin-based amorphous multi-component solid dispersions (NAM-SDs) to improve poor aqueous solubility, low  bioavailability and absorption of lumefantrine and enhance the antiplasmodial activity.Methods: Solvent evaporation technique was adopted to produce second-generation SDs (N1 - N3); third-generation SDs (N4 - N6 and  N10 - N12); and multi-component SDs, NAM-SDs, (N7 - N9 and N13 - N18). In vitro drug release, in vivo anti-plasmodial activity, differential  scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) were carried out on the SDs.Results: The highest drug release (80 %) was observed in multi-component SDs (NAM-SDs, formulation N17 containing Kollidon® VA 64).  A significant antiplasmodial activity (p < 0.05) was observed in mice that received NAM-SDs. The DSC and WAXD studies showed that the formulations solubilized and exhibited an amorphous state.Conclusion: Multi-component amorphous-based lumefantrine SDs (NAM-SDs) may serve as a potential alternative carrier system for oral  lumefantrine delivery.
Inhibitory effect of PD173074 drug on DMBA-induced mammary carcinoma in female Swiss albino mice
Authors: Alghamdi Abeer , Alobaid Hussah , Rady Ahmed , Aldahmash Badr , AL-Qahtani Wejdan , Alqarni Aisha , Almalki Samiah , Elnagar Doaa
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To determine the effect of PD173074 on mammary carcinoma.
Methods: Virgin female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 mice per group. Group 1(control) received clean water, group 2 received an oral dose of 50 mg/kg PD173074 twice a week, group 3 received a single dose of 50 mg/kg 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene  (DMBA) in the breast for carcinoma induction, group 4 received DMBA and after that treated with PD173074 one week later for 4 weeks.  Hormonal analysis, oxidative stress, levels of cytokines IL6 and TNF-α, and histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis were carried out.
Results: Treatment with PD173074 significantly lowered estrogen, progesterone, oxidative stress indices, cytokines IL6, and TNF-α levels  (p < 0.05) raised due to carcinoma induction. Pyrido (2,3-d) pyrimidine derivative PD173074 lowered the Nottingham histopathological  score and reduced the incidence of invasive ductal carcinoma. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that posttreatment with PD173074 significantly decreased K167 expression (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: PD173074 significantly reduces estrogen, progesterone,  oxidative stress indices, cytokines, TNF-α, Nottingham histopathological score, and KI-67 expression. Additional studies would be required  to validate the actual mechanisms of this drug action.
Utilizing network p harmacology to investigate the probable mechanism of Danshen chuanxiong drug pair in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Cai Aiyuan , Xu Siting , Shi Meiping , You Lanlin , Pan Zhongbin , He Jie , Zheng Yanxia
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To investigate the primary components and effect of Danshen-Chuanxiong (DS-CX) in the treatment of Kawasaki disease.
Methods: Active ingredients of DS-CX and targets of action were screened via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology (TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Targets of Kawasaki disease were queried in OMIM, GeneCards, DRUGBANK, and Disgenet databases, and intersected with drug targets. Protein-protein interaction maps (PPIs) were constructed using STRING database and Cytoscape software, and core genes of Kawasaki disease were screened. Pathway enrichment analyses (DAVID database, Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)) were conducted for DS-CX targeting Kawasaki disease crossover targets.
Results: A total of 64 active ingredients and corresponding potential target genes of DS-CX were obtained. Also, 928 human genes related to Kawasaki disease were obtained from OMIM, DRUGBANK, GeneCards and Disgenet databases. Potential target genes of DS-CX was intersected with 928 human Kawasaki disease-related genes, and a total of 55 genes were screened. The PPI network was built using STRING database and Cyotoscape software, and overlapping genes were further screened. A total of 61 active ingredients were screened for their effects on Kawasaki disease-related targets. GO-function analysis revealed that DS-CX affected Kawasaki disease by positively regulating gene expression. Also, KEGG enrichment analysis found that DS-CX and Kawasaki disease was mainly enriched in pathways involved in cancer.
Conclusion: DS-CX regulates core genes (AKT1, IL6, and TP53) and other genes through active ingredients which in turn act on cancer pathway. Thus, DS-CX demonstrates anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet activities and helps blood vessel repair and remodeling in Kawasaki disease. Further studies to validate Danshen and Chuanxiong for the treatment of Kawasaki disease are needed to determine its mechanism of action.
Treatment of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes with epalrestat combined with sulodexide
Authors: Chen Wenjun , Zhou Xiaoming
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy of epalrestat combined with Sulodexide in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes.
Methods: A total of 140 patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy, who were treated at the Zhanjiang Central People's Hospital  between February 2022 and February 2023, were selected as subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups using a computer- generated random number table. The control group (n = 70) received epalrestat treatment, while the study group (n = 70) was treated  with a combination of epalrestat and Sulodexide11. Efficacy, nerve conduction velocity, levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress  markers were compared between groups.
Results: After treatment, total effective rate in study group was 97.14 %, which was higher than that of control group (85.71 %; p < 0.05).  Sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) and motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) of the common peroneal nerve and median nerve in  study group were significantly faster than those in control group (p < 0.05). Levels of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in study group were significantly lower than those in control  group (p < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in study group were higher than those in  control group, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was lower than control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Epalrestat combined with  Sulodexide in treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes improves efficacy, accelerates nerve conduction velocity,  reduces inflammatory factor levels and decreases oxidative stress response. Further studies are necessary to accurately verify the combination therapy value using epalrestat and Sulodexide in treating peripheral neuropathy associated with type 2 diabetes.
Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of Jussiaea linifolia G. Don extracts
Authors: Kuranen Fabian , Nnadi Charles , Agbo Matthias
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of Jussiaea linifolia extracts using validated models.Methods: Methanol extract was partitioned into n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions and subjected to antiplasmodial and  cytotoxic activity assays. The in vivo assay adopted Peter’s four-day suppressive and Ranes curative tests to estimate Plasmodium berghei  NK47 growth suppression while the in vitro antiplasmodial activities were performed using chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparumNF54 and L6 mammalian myoblast to determine growth inhibition and cytotoxicity respectively.Results: Acute toxicity test showed that the methanol extract displayed LD50 > 5000 mg/kg. The in vitro assays revealed that the extract  and ethyl acetate fraction elicited significantly higher IC50 of 1.15 μg/mL (L6 83.2 μg/mL) and 0.785 μg/mL (L6 > 100 μg/mL), respectively  against P. falciparum compared with n-hexane (> 100 μg/mL; L6 5.89 μg/mL) and n-butanol (48.1 μg/mL; L6 12.84 μg/mL) fractions. In the  in vivo suppressive model, 400 mg/kg of ethyl acetate soluble fraction elicited a 97.1 % (p < 0.05; mean survival time > 21 days) P.  berghei suppression compared with untreated group. Also, the ethyl acetate soluble evoked the highest suppression of parasitemia (94.17  %) in the curative model when compared with untreated. The extract and fractions of J. linifolia were found to restore packed cell  volume in infected mice to their respective baselines compared with continued decline in untreated group.Conclusion: The study validates the traditional use of J. linifolia as an antimalarial decoction in some rural communities and shows that  the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract could be a source of lead antiplasmodial compounds.
Gynecological Cancer - Body Image & Self Esteem – What Can Public and Health Care Providers Do
Authors: K.I. Litti , Gayathiri N. , Victrine Sr.
Published: January 2025

This paper supports developments in the treatment of gynecological cancer, incorporating parameters of psychological health together with medical techniques. Understanding such influence on body image and self-esteem lets healthcare professionals help individual patients according to their needs. It contributes to building resilience and improves the quality of life.
The article focuses on the importance of a holistic approach to the patients by looking at the impact of gynecological cancer on psychological well-being and self-perception. It demonstrates how much self-esteem and body image affect overall human health in the context of medical procedures involving a person's physical appearance. Psychological and emotional effects of changes upon cancer, such as hair loss and scars, are also discussed in the context of the need for patient-centered care. It embraces a concurrent use of psychological aspects in health care and acknowledgment of cultural factors by health caregivers. Anxiety increases, and quality of life reduces side by side with body image and self-esteem. Some interventions may be employed to improve patient education, ensure the environment is supportive, and encourage patient self-care. Thus, the paper combines medical and psychological models of health with medical solutions to address gynecological cancer holistically, with attention to medical treatment and improvement of resilience and a better quality of life.
Optimizing the Functions of Immigration Intelligence and Immigration Assisted Villages in the Prevention of Trafficking in Persons: An Integrative Approach to Enhancing Community Resilience in Indonesia - A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Purnamasari Wisda , Josias Simon Runturambi Arthur
Published: January 2025

Trafficking in Persons (TP) is a serious threat to national security and human rights in Indonesia. The complexity of this crime has increased over time, with an evolving modus operandi, especially in border areas and vulnerable communities. This research aims to analyze the optimization of the immigration intelligence function and the Immigration Assisted Village program in preventing TP, with an integrative approach based on technology and community empowerment. The research uses the systematic literature review (SLR) method to compile a comprehensive synthesis of related literature in the 2010-2024 period. The results of this research show that the integration of immigration intelligence functions, Early Warning Systems (EWS), and the Immigration Assisted Village program is proven to be able to increase the effectiveness of preventing TP. Big data technology and artificial intelligence play a key role in analyzing TP patterns and trends, while community empowerment through education and job training increases community resilience to this crime. However, the implementation of these strategies faces challenges, such as limited resources and inter-agency coordination. Implications This research recommends a multidisciplinary approach involving technology investment, community empowerment, and continuous evaluation to strengthen Indonesia's position in combating TP as well as increase community resilience to this threat.
Pengaruh Kebijakan Dividen, Ekuitas, dan Risiko Keuangan terhadap Kinerja Saham dengan Moderasi Sentimen Investor di Sektor Keuangan
Authors: Angelica Amelia , Iryanto M. Budi Widiyo
Published: January 2025

Sejak pandemi Covid-19, minat investor saham meningkat, khususnya dari generasi milenial, karena kemudahan registrasi, aplikasi sekuritas online, dan edukasi investasi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi hubungan antara kebijakan dividen, nilai buku ekuitas, risiko keuangan, dan kinerja saham dengan memperhatikan sentimen investor. Dalam konteks ini, 24 perusahaan sektor keuangan di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2020-2022 menjadi objek penelitian. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan dividen perusahaan dan risiko keuangan memberi dampak negatif signifikan pada kinerja saham, sementara nilai buku ekuitas memberi dampak positif namun tidak signifikan. Sentimen investor juga memiliki pengaruh positif pada kinerja saham dan mampu memoderasi pengaruh nilai buku ekuitas. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya manajemen perusahaan mempertimbangkan kebijakan dividen dan risiko keuangan serta memahami peran sentimen investor dalam meningkatkan kinerja saham.
Psychodermatoses: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges
Authors: Novosartyan Maria
Published: January 2025

A complicated subgroup of psychodermatological conditions is self-induced dermatoses, which affect not only the skin but also its appendages (hair and nails). These conditions occur when people harm themselves due to underlying mental health issues. These disorders include Dermatitis Artefacta, Delusional Parasitosis, Trichotillomania, Onychotillomania and Excoriation Disorder, where patients simulate or create skin lesions. Often, there is no underlying organic skin disease and the patient’s denial of self-harm further complicates diagnosis and treatment. This article explores the clinical manifestations of self-induced dermatoses, the diagnostic difficulties they present and the essential role of both dermatologists and psychiatrists in managing these conditions. Recognizing the psychological factors behind these behaviors are vital for creating comprehensive treatment strategies that combine both medical and psychiatric care. Early diagnosis and collaboration between dermatologists and psychiatrists are fundamental to enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the risks of severe consequences, such as self-harm and suicide. Additionally, the article discusses emerging therapeutic approaches and cultural perspectives to ensure a global and forward-thinking understanding of psychodermatoses.
Impact of Inhouse Human Milk Bank on Neonatal Mortality and Morbidities in VLBW Neonates in an Extramural Unit: An Observational Study
Authors: A Archana
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Human Milk is considered the ideal nutrition for all babies especially in preterm and in low birth-weight babies. When mother’s milk is not available, the WHO recommends Pasteurised Donor Human Milk (PDHM) as the next best infant feeding alternative.

Methodology: This observational study was conducted in a tertiary level NICU in India to assess the impact of Human Milk Bank (HMB) on mortality and morbidities in VLBW and ELBW neonates. The primary outcome was to compare the incidence of definite and advanced NEC and secondary outcomes were to assess death, exclusive breastfeeding at discharge, feed interruption and growth in both the groups. Pre-Human Milk bank and Post-human Milk Bank data were collected for a period of 24 months each.

Results: The incidence of Definite and Advanced NEC was significantly lower in Post-HMB group (2;1.76%) than in Pre-HMB (10; 9.4%) (p=0.00). 43.4% of babies in Pre-HMB group and 19.5% babies in post-HMB group had NEC (Any stage); p=0.00. Neonatal deaths were higher in the Pre-HMB group 32 (30.2%) than in post-HMB group 22 (19.5%); (p=0.066). The exclusive breastfeeding rate was significantly higher in the post-HMB group 72.6% as compared to 30.2% in the pre-HMB group (p=0.00). Feed interruptions were significantly lower in the post-HMB group 29 (25.7%) as compared to Pre-HMB group 56 (52.8%) (p=0.00). Time to reach full feeds was significantly lower in the post-HMB group Median (IQR) 13 (7.25 – 25.75) days as compared to 10 (5 – 17) days (p=0.007). Time to regain birth weight was significantly lower in the post-HMB group (14.72 + 5.61) as compared to pre-HMB group (11.00 + 4.19) (p=0.00)

Conclusion: Establishment of Human Milk bank can be a worthwhile quality improvement project that NICUs can launch as part of comprehensive plans to enhance preterm care.
VERLEUGNUNG OHNE ENDE? GRÜNDE DER NICHTANERKENNUNG UND CHANCEN EINER ANERKENNUNG DER VÖLKERMORDE IN DER TÜRKEI
Authors: Gündüz Eran
Published: January 2025

This article uses a historical-analytical approach to address the question of why there are no approaches to deal with the history of the genocides on both the state-political and societal levels in Turkey. For this purpose, the article sheds light on the genesis of the state and the state ideology of Turkey. The effort of the state ideology and the state is to exaggerate the national history on the one hand and to exclude the history of genocides on the other hand. Against this background, the author argues that there is an almost unbridgeable gap between the normativity of the demands for recognition and reappraisal of the genocides in Turkey and the actual political and social reality. A reappraisal and recognition of the genocides of 1915 would deeply shake the construction of the national ideology of the Republic of Turkey. Finally, the article addresses the question of the necessity of a recognition process and the chances of a recognition and reappraisal of the genocides for the society of Turkey.
MONUMENTS OF RESOLUTIONS
Authors: Gispert Jürgen
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with aspects of the collective memory of Armenians, illustrated by two recent examples. Against the background of the current disputes over Arzach, some historical components are drawn upon. At the beginning the erection of the monument in memory of the Nemesis operation in 1920-1922 in April this year is analyzed. This leads back to the 19th century, the time of increasing penetration of the Ottoman Empire by the great European powers in its effects on the Armenian nation, as expressed in the term "Armenian Question". This is combined with the German left's view on this matter. Finally, a discussion of the interweaving of the right to self-determination (SDR) and the right to territorial integrity (TI) follows in this context.
RUSSIAN AND SOVIET IMPERIAL LEGACY IN POSTCOLONIAL EURASIA: AN OVERVIEW OF THE REVIVED DEBATE
Authors: Agadjanian Alexander
Published: January 2025

The year 2022, with Russia’s full-scale invasion in Ukraine, has been a milestone that brought the events, in a way, widely expected and predicted, resulting in the obvious long-term trends, and yet, stunning by their dramatic acceleration. That year has also affected both academic and public discourses related to a number of issues, including, most of all, the changing perception of the huge historical, cultural, and geopolitical region - the space of Russian and then Soviet imperial domination, both current and former, both real and imagined, both directly or indirectly subject to Russian economic involvement and political dependency. After 2022, this vast, territorially pulsating region, sometimes called Northern Eurasia, acquired both new existential vulnerability and conceptual fragility.
This review paper will suggest some observations concerning the intense discussions about the cultural-historical meaning, both retrospectively and prospectively, of this Russia-affected regional space - the discussions that broke out after the start of the Ukraine war. I draw upon both published generalized opinions and regular scholarly publications related to the outlined themes. My goal here is to identify major trends in these discussions and share some comments.
A storm of debates has been trying to interpret the aggressive internal and external mobilization of Putin’s regime in several explanatory logics. It could be, first, the logic of post-Soviet developments (the evolution of the elites, the features of available resources, the misbalances of state-society relationships, etc.); or the logic of the longue-durée patterns of the Russian social and cultural history (dominant political culture, deeply-imbedded cultural mythologies, etc.); or, finally, placing the problem within a wider logic of contestation (“clashes”) between the evolving global centers of power. In all these cases, one factor should be stated as crucial and definitive: the huge continental space of Northern Eurasia, a unique geographical-spatial system that largely defined the logic of integration and disintegration, solidarities and rivalries, violence and resistance, cultural imagination, entangled identity formation, and the very nature of the state rule.
The empire that twice emerged on this geographical space – as the Romanov Empire first and then the Soviet Union (with additional claims of influence beyond the official borders, in both cases) – is now under the most passionate scrutiny because of the dominant postcolonial and decolonial agenda and the assumption that Putin’s aggression in Ukraine indicates imperial revenge. Hence the growing interest in the nature of this imperial system throughout its history.
THE NEW WORLD ORDER AND THE STRATEGIC SECURITY SITUATION IN THE GREATER MIDDLE EAST AND INDO-PACIFIC REGIONS
Authors: Baghdasaryan Suren
Published: January 2025

The paper addresses the transformation of the world order and the geopolitical and strategic processes taking place within its framework, especially the developments in the Greater Middle East and the Indo-Pacific region, their main actors and political ambitions. In 2020, the Artsakh war and subsequent developments created a new geo-strategic and geo-economic situation for Armenia. In light of this and subsequent events, we see that the system of international relations has entered a highly complex and even chaotic period, which includes a vast region from the Atlantic coast of Europe to the Pacific coast of the Far East. In this context, there are discussed the two geostrategic concepts emerging in the international discourse regarding the Greater Middle East and the Indo-Pacific macro-regions. The paper analyzes the processes, unfolding in those regions, including the US policies and strategies, as well as their implications, the factors of China and India as the main actors, formed and emerging alliances, as well as cooperation formats. The transformation of the global world order and the formation of the new geopolitical regions of the Greater Middle East, Central Asia and the Indo-Pacific portend great dramatic changes. The struggle of great powers or power centers (USA, China, India, Iran, Turkey, Europe, Russia) in the mentioned regions is becoming the core of modern world politics. Thus, it can be confirmed that the Greater Middle East and Indo-Pacific macro-regions are moving towards each other, due to which a completely new situation is emerging, which is significantly different from both the post-Cold War world order and the global order established after September 11, 2001.
THE US PLACE AND ROLE AS A GLOBAL PEACEKEEPER AND PEACEBUILDER: HISTORY AND PROSPECTS IN CHANGING GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL LANDSCAPE
Authors: Elamiryan Ruben
Published: January 2025

The paper discusses the US place and role in global peacekeeping operations and peacebuilding processes. First, it traces the transformation of US strategic perception regarding peacekeeping and peacebuilding from 1991 to 2022. Second, on the example of Desert Storm, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and Syria, it reveals the US approaches to the peacekeeping operations and peacebuilding processes at the practical level. Finally, the paper explores potential scenarios for US engagement in the South Caucasus and particularly, in the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict, based on US strategic approaches and their practical implications. The paper argues that given the current political, geopolitical, and security landscape in the world and South Caucasus, the most realistic scenario may be the US direct diplomatic engagement with major support to the EU mission in Armenia.
Solar PV Thermal Management System: A Case on Tembalang Village, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Akmal Setia Abdrian Reyhan Kevin , Hadiyan Faza , Djoeyo Dhia Adli , At Thariq Muhammad Rafli
Published: January 2025

The increasing demand for cleaner energy solutions has led to the exploration of renewable energy sources, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. This research focuses on the thermal management of solar PV systems in Tembalang Village, Central Java, Indonesia, where the efficiency of PV panels is significantly affected by temperature fluctuations caused by environmental factors such as pollution, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation, and ambient temperature. The study highlights the importance of effective thermal management systems to enhance the energy efficiency of PV panels, which typically operate at an average efficiency of around 20%. As temperatures rise, the efficiency of these panels can drop by 10% to 25%, necessitating the implementation of cooling technologies.