bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lifers and Troupers: Urban Physical Education Teachers Who Stay
Authors: Henninger Mary L.
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to understand factors that influenced the career trajectories of veteran urban secondary physical education teachers. The careers of these teachers were studied from the theoretical perspectives of teacher efficacy and teacher career development. Participants included 9 secondary urban physical education teachers (4 females and 5 males). Data were collected using 7 qualitative methods. Data analysis involved constant comparison through the processes of open and axial coding followed by a cross-case comparison (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Findings indicated that organizational contexts of these veteran urban physical education teachers played the most salient role in shaping their beliefs and behaviors. Although the organizational contextual factors reported were similar across this group of teachers, individual responses differed greatly. These differences delineated teachers into two groups of stayers: lifers and troupers. Knowledge of workplace conditions’ specific effects on teachers’ career trajectories provides valuable information for initial preparation of novice teachers and for further professional development.
An Examination of Learning Profiles in Physical Education
Authors: Shen Bo , Chen Ang
Published: August 2016

Using the model of domain learning as a theoretical framework, the study was designed to examine the extent to which learners’ initial learning profiles based on previously acquired knowledge, learning strategy application, and interest-based motivation were distinctive in learning softball. Participants were 177 sixth-graders from three middle schools. A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to determine what kinds of learning profiles would result from the interactions among prior knowledge, learning strategies, and interest. The results revealed that individual learners could be classified into subgroups with distinctive learning characteristics. It is supported that learning in physical education is a progressive process that involves both cognitive and affective dimensions. An effective physical education curriculum should address both knowledge and skill acquisition and motivation simultaneously.
The Ecology of Cooperative Learning in Elementary Physical Education Classes
Authors: Dyson Ben P. , Linehan Nicole Rhodes , Hastie Peter A.
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to describe and interpret the instructional ecology of Cooperative Learning in elementary physical education classes. Data collection included a modified version of the task structure system (Siedentop, 1994), interviews, field notes, and a teacher’s journal. T-tests of the quantitative data revealed that instruction time, management time, transitions, and wait time decreased significantly during the units and refining, extending, and applying tasks increased significantly. Cognitive/social tasks were observed consistently in every lesson and contributed to student learning. Inductive analysis and constant comparison were used to analyze the qualitative data (Patton, 1990). The researchers identified four main categories from this data: organization and management of students, roles, skill development, and strategizing. To promote individual accountability the teacher used task sheets, assigned Cooperative Learning roles, kept group sizes small, randomly chose students to demonstrate their competence, and asked students to teach their teammates skills and tactics.
A Content Analysis of Qualitative Research in the Journal of Teaching in Physical Education from 1998 to 2008
Authors: Hemphill Michael A. , Richards Andrew R. , Templin Thomas J. , Blankenship Bonnie Tjeerdsma
Published: August 2016

Previous reviews of research have documented the increasing use of qualitative inquiry in physical education. In this research note, the authors present a content analysis of qualitative research articles published between 1998 and 2008 in the Journal of Teaching in Physical Education (JTPE). A total of 110 empirical articles were published that included a qualitative component, 38.2% of those used mixed methods. Results include analyses of types of qualitative research, research focus, theoretical frameworks, data collection techniques, trustworthiness techniques, and participants. The Research Authorship Score revealed that qualitative research tends to rely on teams of researchers in the conduct of studies. By extending previous work, this study reveals that qualitative research continues to play a significant role in research on physical education.
Impact of Expectancy-Value and Situational Interest Motivation Specificity on Physical Education Outcomes
Authors: Ding Haiyong , Sun Haichun , Chen Ang
Published: August 2016

To be successful in learning, students need to be motivated to engage and learn. The domain-specificity motivation theory articulates that student motivation is often determined by the content being taught to them. The purpose of this study was to extend the theory by determining domain-specificity of situational interest and expectancy-value motivation in terms of engagement and achievement outcomes in physical education. A random student sample (N = 346) from eight Chinese middle schools provided data of situational interest, expectancy-value, engagement, and knowledge and skills acquired. Results from correlation, regression, and structural equation model analyses revealed causal inferences demonstrating differentiated effects of motivation components on the outcome measures: task values were specific to knowledge outcome, expectancy beliefs to skills, and situational interest to engagement. The findings imply that physical educators need to adopt motivation strategies compatible to specific learning outcomes to maximize student motivation for engagement and achievement.
Computer Technology for Recording, Storing, and Analyzing Temporal Data in Physical Activity Settings
Authors: Carlson B. Robert , McKenzie Thomas L.
Published: August 2016

Data gathering for research on teaching in physical education appears to be heading into a new era, an era in which electronic data collection tools will merge with older measurement techniques to make the processes of storing, analyzing, and transporting data more efficient. The rapid development of microcomputing technology has reached the stage in which portable computers are now practical as state-of-the-art tools for on-site research projects. This article addresses one of the most critical problems for doing research on teaching using time based variables. In the past, when duration recording was the observational technique, there were two ways to collect data: either through multiple stop watches or through interval recording. Both methods have their limitations—one in the manipulation of the several watches and the other in converting interval data to accurate units of time. Outlined in this article is a microcomputer program for on-site duration coding, data analysis, permanent storage, and mainframe support for research on teaching physical education. The system is complex by design but practical to use. It produces total observation time, total time by category, frequency by category, mean length of occurrence, and the percent of total time each category was observed.
ALT-PE Versions I and II: Evolution of a Student-Centered Observation System in Physical Education
Authors: Rife Frank , Shute Shirley , Dodds Patt
Published: August 2016

Although many observation instruments have been developed in physical education, few have enjoyed such widespread use in such a short time as the Academic Learning Time in Physical Education (ALT-PE) model. Not only has this observation system been used in a variety of research settings, but it has undergone an evolution in concept and coding categories. What does this do to the conceptual underpinnings of this observation system? Will the newer version yield similar or different kinds of information? This article attempts to answer such questions by comparing the two versions on the same set of videotaped physical education classes. Results demonstrate that versions I and II both provide similar information about students’ opportunities to learn physical education skills, yet each system has some advantages over the other. Either version can be a useful and appropriate research tool depending on the research question(s) being asked.
The Impact of Principals on Teachers during In-Service Education: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Faucette Nell , Graham George
Published: August 2016

This article discusses some of the results described in a recent observational case study that examined the impact of an in-service program on the curricula and teaching behaviors of two elementary physical education teachers. In the study, numerous factors were identified as enhancers and inhibitors to the implementation process, including the relationships between participating principals and the two teachers. This article describes these relationships and the perceptions of the two teachers as they progressed through the in-service program. It also discusses the teachers’ levels of use of the innovations. The results of the study revealed that both teachers were dramatically influenced by their perceptions of principals’ actions and attitudes but only one of them successfully adopted the innovations. Data for the study were obtained from four sources: observations, interviews, documents, and questionnaires. These data were collected during a 7-month period that included all preliminary and in-service planning sessions as well as five in-service sessions, and during 140 hours of observations at two school sites.
Physical Education Activity Program Survey
Authors: Lumpkin Angela , Avery Marybell
Published: August 2016

This survey assessed the perceptions of students in the spring semester, 1984, about characteristics of and courses in the University of North Carolina’s Physical Education Activities Program and obtained their suggestions for changes in the program. Frequency data and percentages were reported for each response on the 64-item questionnaire along with analysis of the data by year in college and gender. The majority of students were generally to extremely satisfied with the overall program, evaluated the quality of instruction as above average or excellent, preferred 1-hour classes twice a week for one semester in the same activity, liked having a letter or pass/fail grading option, and supported the university’s two-course and swim-test requirements. Individual sports and fitness courses were the preferred offerings. Responses were consistent across years in college and gender.
Teaching Physical Education: A Conceptual Analysis with Implications for Teachers
Authors: Ojeme Emmanuel O.
Published: August 2016

This article attempts to provide a conceptual analysis of the term teaching physical education. It discusses the apparent inadequacies and deficiencies about teaching physical education reported in the literature, which have been consistently observed in contacts with teachers and student teachers. Terms such as training and coaching, which are often applied to the physical education teacher, are critically examined and found to be inadequate equivalents of teaching. The concept of teaching physical education connotes an educational goal with processes involving the development of skills and the formation of values, attitudes, and interests in learners. Hence its activities must reflect and be geared toward those ends.
Chapter 2: Observation, Frames of Reference, and Perception of Data
Authors: Earls Neal
Published: August 2016

Having the numbers used to quantify reality is not the same as having the reality; likewise, having the words used to describe reality is not the same as having the reality.

(Macdonald, cited in Earls, 1985c, p. 121)
Planning for Learning—Theory into Practice?
Authors: Goc-Karp Grace , Zakrajsek Dorothy B.
Published: August 2016

This study determined and compared the planning models taught in preservice physical education (theoretical) with those practiced in junior high school physical education (reality). Empirical and ethnographic data were collected through a survey of college professors (n = 59), close-ended (n = 36) and open-ended surveys of teachers (n = 28), and a nonparticipant observation study (n = 4). The results indicated that the theoretical model focused on planning for student learning whereas the reality model focused on planning for teaching. The personal philosophy of the teachers, coaching commitments, the teachers’ routines of planning and teaching, and the students’ reactions were major influences on how teachers planned and why they planned. Reasons for lack of transfer of the planning model from theory into practice are discussed and suggestions for further investigation are made.
What Preservice Physical Education Teachers See in an Unguided Field Experience: A Follow-Up Study
Authors: Barrett Kate R. , Allison Pamela C. , Bell Rick
Published: August 2016

This study is a follow up to one conducted in 1982 (Bell, Barrett, & Allison, 1985) and examines what a group of eight preservice physical education majors reported seeing in a 15-min games lesson with fifth-grade students at the end of their professional preparation. As in the previous study, an analytic inductive strategy was employed to categorize the data at two levels of specificity. Results indicated that as individuals the preservice teachers recorded statements about the teacher, the students, and the lesson in combination, whereas in the 1982 study, they recorded statements about the students only or the students and the teacher. Level 2 analysis showed 66.1% of the reported statements were about the movement response of the children. This was in sharp contrast to the earlier study in which the preservice teachers made only 10% such statements. The percentage of statements recorded for the subcategory teaching techniques was fairly consistent across the two studies: 21.9% in the current study and 25.9% in the earlier one. Relatively few statements were made in any of the other categories. Preservice teachers at the end of their professional preparation report more observations (224 in contrast with 89), but questions remain why the observations exclude statements about the personal characteristics of students, classroom climate, and lesson elements.
Teacher and School Characteristics: Their Relationship to the Inservice Needs of Teachers
Authors: Oliver Bernard
Published: August 2016

Once teachers enter the world of teaching, their opportunities to find continuing education become diffuse and often problematic. Despite the significance placed on continuing education by school districts, inservice and staff development activities are largely understudied in the research community. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate teachers’ inservice preferences and the relationship of these preferences to selected teacher and school characteristics. A 25-item questionnaire was administered to 85 secondary physical education teachers to assess their preferences for inservice education activities. Multiple regression and factor analysis revealed that selected teacher and school characteristics accounted for significant proportions of the variance as measured by the Inservice Needs Inventory.
The Career Ladder and Lattice: A New Look at the Teaching Career
Authors: Chandler Timothy J.L. , Lane Stacey L. , Bibik Janice M. , Oliver Bernard
Published: August 2016

Recent concern over the quality of teachers staffing the nation’s schools has prompted widespread development of educational reform packages designed to improve the teaching profession. Stemming from this effort has been the notion that a teaching career must be structured as a career ladder, progressing from informal elementary instructional tasks to full-time responsibilities in the gymnasium. In this paper we discuss some of the assumptions underlying career ladders in order to highlight their strengths and, more particularly, their weaknesses. We suggest that career ladders address not the true needs of teachers but rather the evaluation needs of administrators. As such, career ladders are not a good means of promoting teacher development. We offer the notion of the career lattice as an alternative means of meeting the motivational needs of teachers.
Preparation and Attitudes of Kansas High School Head Coaches
Authors: Cox Richard H. , Noble Larry
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the level of preparation of high school head coaches in the state of Kansas and to study the relationship between level of preparation and coaches’ strong beliefs regarding the importance of coaching competencies. Through random sampling procedures, a total of 1,178 high school coaches received a first time mailing of a questionnaire. The return rate after two mailings was 91%. Of the 1,070 head coaches who responded to the survey, 62.5% had either majored or minored in physical education. The correlation between the number of coaching courses taken and the sum of strong belief statement scores was a low but significant .35. ANOVA and MANOVA procedures revealed that coaches who were not formally trained in each competency area exhibited diminished appreciation for the importance of that respective competency.
Analyzing Curriculum as Participant Perspectives
Authors: Ennis Catherine D.
Published: August 2016

For this study, curriculum was defined as a holistic set of perspectives that interact to create the educational environment. The Goodlad et al. (1979) domain concept was used as the theoretical structure for the examination of content in three elementary physical education programs. Two of the programs used a movement education curriculum (Logsdon et al., 1984) while the third was structured based on a traditional activity or sport and games approach. Data collection consisted of an examination of documents (ideological and formal domains), interviews with teachers and students (perceived and experiential domains), and observation (operational domain). Data were analyzed using constant comparison. The ideological domain was found to be the most influential curriculum perspective in these programs. Major differences were detected in the use of shared decision-making and in the students’ cognitive involvement with the content.
Handwriting and Attention in Children and Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Tucha Oliver , Lange Klaus W.
Published: August 2016

Adverse effects of drug therapy on handwriting fluency attributed to increased attentional control have been observed in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The writing performance of 8 children with ADHD was assessed using a digitizing tablet in a double-blind, placebo-controlled test. Participants wrote a phrase in cursive script both on and off stimulant medication writing normally, writing with eyes closed, and writing faster than normal. Medication reduced fluency of normal handwriting movements. When children with ADHD were instructed to write faster than normal or with eyes closed, however, more fluent and even automated movements resulted, even on medication. We also assessed 10 children with ADHD, 10 children without ADHD, 10 adults with ADHD, and 10 adults without ADHD. Participants with ADHD were assessed both on and off medication. Children with ADHD on medication were less fluent than children without ADHD. Without medication, Children with ADHD did not differ from children without ADHD; those on medication showed increased handwriting dysfluency. There was no significant difference between the adults. Both children and adults with ADHD could perform age-appropriate and automated handwriting movements. Children with ADHD on medication, however, gave more attention to the writing process, possibly hampering fluent handwriting movements.
Fit for Two? A Critical Discourse Analysis of Oxygen Fitness Magazine
Authors: Jette Shannon
Published: August 2016

In this article, Foucault’s notions of disciplinary power and biopower are used in examining representations of pregnancy, fitness, and health in “Fit for Two,” a tips column for new and expectant mothers in Oxygen magazine. The neoliberal emphasis on personal responsibility for health has found a “fertile” home in the column. Medical discourse encouraging individual risk management (i.e., moderate exercise for a healthy pregnancy) and discourses promoting feminine bodily norms are combined with advertisements for pregnancy-related health products to suggest that a woman can transform herself into a “fit” mother through appropriate disciplinary and consumer practices. The article concludes with a discussion of the way in which the pregnant body remains a site of control in contemporary Western society.
A Visual Method of Studying Sports: The Photo-Elicitation Interview
Authors: Curry Timothy Jon
Published: August 2016

Photo-elicitation is a technique of interviewing in which photographs are used to stimulate and guide a discussion between the interviewer and the respondent. While much of the previous research done with the method has been conducted by anthropologists in foreign cultures, the technique is also well suited for the study of sports in America. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this method in comparison to standard interviewing, participant observation, and survey methods of studying sports. An illustrative portion is presented of a photo-elicitation interview conducted with an elite college wrestler about the violence, pain, and injury inherent in his sport, and the article concludes with a brief description of other sociology of sport topics currently being researched with the photo-elicitation interview.
Sport Participation, Smoking, and Drug and Alcohol Use among Icelandic Youth
Authors: Thorlindsson Thorolfur
Published: August 2016

This study examined the relationship between sport participation on the one hand and smoking and the use of alcohol and drugs on the other among Icelandic youth 12- to 15 years of age. Two indicators of sport participation were employed; one measured its extent in formally organized sports clubs, while the other measured the extent to which the subjects were involved in sports regardless of whether they trained informally or with a formally organized sports club. Two random samples of 12- to 15-year-olds from the urban areas of southwest Iceland, comprising 456 and 358 subjects, were analyzed to determine if there was a negative correlation between sport participation and the measures of deviant behavior in question. However, 3 of the 12 relationships tested were not significant at the .05 level. The findings do not change significantly when gender, social class, and age are controlled. It is concluded that the findings give cross-cultural support to previous research results indicating a negative relationship between youth, sport participation, and the use of alcohol, drugs, and smoking.
More about Exercise Imagery
Authors: Gammage Kimberley L. , Hall Craig R. , Rodgers Wendy M.
Published: August 2016

Imagery plays important cognitive and motivational roles in many areas of life, including sport (Paivio, 1985) and exercise (Hausenblas, Hall, Rodgers, & Munroe, 1999). The purpose of the present paper was to examine how the cognitive and motivational roles of exercise imagery vary with gender, frequency of exercise, and activity type. Participants (n = 577) completed the Exercise Imagery Questionnaire (Hausenblas et al„ 1999) which measures appearance, energy, and technique imagery. Participants, regardless of gender, frequency of exercise, or activity type, used appearance imagery most frequently, followed by technique and energy, respectively. Men used significantly more technique imagery than women did, while women used significantly more appearance imagery than men did. In addition, high frequency exercisers (3 or more times per week) used all types of imagery more frequently than low frequency exercisers (2 or fewer times per week). Finally, imagery differences existed based on type of activity.
Ice Hockey Players’ Legitimacy of Aggression and Professionalization of Attitudes
Authors: Visek Amanda , Watson Jack
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this investigation was to examine male ice hockey players’ (N = 85) perceived legitimacy of aggression and professionalization of attitudes across developmental age and competitive level. Findings were analyzed within the complementary conceptual frameworks of social learning theory, professionalization of attitudes, and moral reasoning. Ice hockey players completed a modified, sport-specific version of the Sport Behavior Inventory and a modified version of the Context Modified Webb scale. Results of the investigation revealed that as players increased in age and competitive level, perceived legitimacy of aggressive behavior increased, and their attitudes about sport became increasingly professionalized. Based on the conceptual framework in which the results are interpreted, intervention services by sport psychology practitioners are explored that are aimed at the athlete, the organization, and influential others.
NCAA Division-I Student-Athletes’ Receptivity to Mental Skills Training by Sport Psychology Consultants
Authors: Wrisberg Craig A. , Simpson Duncan , Loberg Lauren A. , Withycombe Jenny L. , Reed Ann
Published: August 2016

In the current study NCAA Division I student-athletes (n = 2,440) completed a Web-based survey assessing their willingness to seek mental skills training, perceptions of the potential benefits of mental training for their team, and support of possible roles for a sport psychology consultant at their institution. Multiple chi-square tests revealed significant (p < .001) dependence of respondents’ ratings on gender, sport type (individual vs. team), prior experience with a sport psychology consultant, and perceived effectiveness of prior experience (low, moderate, high). Generally, females were more receptive than males, individual and team sport athletes were interested in different types of mental skills, athletes with prior consulting experience were more open than those with none, and athletes with highly effective prior experience were more receptive than those with less effective experience. These findings extend previous research examining collegiate student-athletes’ attitudes toward sport psychology consulting and provide several important insights for consultants conducting mental skills training for NCAA Division I level athletes.
Mental Training with Children for Sport and Life
Authors: Orlick Terry , McCaffrey Nadeane
Published: August 2016

In recent years we have applied mental skills training for child athletes, kindergarten and elementary school students, and children attempting to overcome serious illnesses. Key elements that have been associated with our most successful interventions include the use of simple, concrete strategies, an element of fun, positive individualized approaches, the use of role models, and involving parents. It is our belief that every child will experience growth, and some degree of success, if someone who cares devotes time to nurturing important mental skills related to personal development.
Our Sporting Sisters: How Male Hegemony Stratifies Women in Sport
Authors: Schell Lea Ann “Beez” , Rodriguez Stephanie
Published: August 2016

Italian Socialist Antonio Gramsci introduced the concept of hegemony in the early 1900s to describe how the capitalist elite maintain their dominant status, through a subtle imposition of ideology upon the masses. According to Gramsci, such a ruling class must generate a consensus of acceptance for dominant ideology. This consensus is created not by coercion, but through the influence of intellectuals and civic institutions. Gramsci’s concept may be applied to help explain the present status of American women in sport, by demonstrating the influence of masculinist hegemony over this institution. Women continue to face numerous barriers imposed by male hegemonic ideology, despite their recent attempts to gain equality and respect in sport. As well, some feminists may feel an ethical dilemma in their provision of support for women’s equality within an institution thought to be complicit with male hegemony. The purpose of this paper is to call attention to the difficulties faced by our sporting sisters and to identify proactive strategies that may work toward the elimination of gender-based economic, social, and political stratification in sport.
Protective efficacy of multiple vaccine platforms against Zika virus challenge in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Abbink Peter , Larocca Rafael A. , De La Barrera Rafael A. , Bricault Christine A. , Moseley Edward T. , Boyd Michael , Kirilova Marinela , Li Zhenfeng , Ng’ang’a David , Nanayakkara Ovini , Nityanandam Ramya , Mercado Noe B. , Borducchi Erica N. , Agarwal Arshi , Brinkman Amanda L. , Cabral Crystal , Chandrashekar Abishek , Giglio Patricia B. , Jetton David , Jimenez Jessica , Lee Benjamin C. , Mojta Shanell , Molloy Katherine , Shetty Mayuri , Neubauer George H. , Stephenson Kathryn E. , Peron Jean Pierre S. , Zanotto Paolo M. de A. , Misamore Johnathan , Finneyfrock Brad , Lewis Mark G. , Alter Galit , Modjarrad Kayvon , Jarman Richard G. , Eckels Kenneth H. , Michael Nelson L. , Thomas Stephen J. , Barouch Dan H.
Published: August 2016

Zika virus (ZIKV) is responsible for a major ongoing epidemic in the Americas and has been causally associated with fetal microcephaly. The development of a safe and effective ZIKV vaccine is therefore an urgent global health priority. Here we demonstrate that three different vaccine platforms protect against ZIKV challenge in rhesus monkeys. A purified inactivated virus vaccine induced ZIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies and completely protected monkeys against ZIKV strains from both Brazil and Puerto Rico. Purified immunoglobulin from vaccinated monkeys also conferred passive protection in adoptive transfer studies. A plasmid DNA vaccine and a single-shot recombinant rhesus adenovirus serotype 52 vector vaccine, both expressing ZIKV premembrane and envelope, also elicited neutralizing antibodies and completely protected monkeys against ZIKV challenge. These data support the rapid clinical development of ZIKV vaccines for humans.
A Novel Bunyavirus-Like Virus of Trypanosomatid Protist Parasites
Authors: Akopyants Natalia S. , Lye Lon-Fye , Dobson Deborah E. , Lukeš Julius , Beverley Stephen M.
Published: August 2016

We report here the sequences for all three segments of a novel RNA virus (LepmorLBV1) from the insect trypanosomatid parasite
Leptomonas moramango
. This virus belongs to a newly discovered group of bunyavirus-like elements termed Leishbunyaviruses (LBV), the first discovered from protists related to arboviruses infecting humans.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Paenibacillus polymyxa
KF-1, an Excellent Producer of Microbicides
Authors: Li Yumei , Li Qiang , Li Yamei , Gao Juan , Fan Xiangyu
Published: August 2016

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Paenibacillus polymyxa
KF-1, which exhibits excellent antimicrobial activity. It encodes the synthase of bacitracin, kalimantacin, bacillomycin, iturin, fusaricidin, tridecaptin, and pelgipeptin and biosynthetic pathways of antiviral curldan and levan polysaccharides. Also, a novel prophage is involved in this genome that contains endolysin-encoding genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Capniomyces stellatus
, the Obligate Gut Fungal Symbiont of Stonefly
Authors: Wang Yan , White Merlin M. , Moncalvo Jean-Marc
Published: August 2016

Capniomyces stellatus
is a host-specific endosymbiotic fungus, living in the hindgut of stoneflies (especially in
Allocapnia
). Here, we present the first draft genome sequence of the fungus, as well as the
ab initio
gene prediction and function analyses, which will facilitate the study and comparative analyses of insect-associated fungi.
Genome Sequence of
Arenibacter algicola
Strain TG409, a Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacterium Associated with Marine Eukaryotic Phytoplankton
Authors: Gutierrez Tony , Whitman William B. , Huntemann Marcel , Copeland Alex , Chen Amy , Kyrpides Nikos , Markowitz Victor , Pillay Manoj , Ivanova Natalia , Mikhailova Natalia , Ovchinnikova Galina , Andersen Evan , Pati Amrita , Stamatis Dimitrios , Reddy T. B. K. , Ngan Chew Yee , Chovatia Mansi , Daum Chris , Shapiro Nicole , Cantor Michael N. , Woyke Tanja
Published: August 2016

Arenibacter algicola
strain TG409 was isolated from
Skeletonema costatum
and exhibits the ability to utilize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as sole sources of carbon and energy. Here, we present the genome sequence of this strain, which is 5,550,230 bp with 4,722 genes and an average G+C content of 39.7%.
Insights into the Genome Sequences of an
N
-Acyl Homoserine Lactone Molecule Producing Two
Pseudomonas
spp. Isolated from the Arctic
Authors: Dharmaprakash Akhilandeswarre , Reghunathan Dinesh , Sivakumar Krishnakutty C. , Prasannakumar Manoj , Thomas Sabu
Published: August 2016

We report for the first time the draft genome sequence of two psychrotrophic
Pseudomonas
species,
Pseudomonas simiae
RGCB 73 and
Pseudomonas brenneri
RGCB 108, from the Arctic that produce more than one acyl homoserine lactone molecule of varied
N
-acyl length. The study confirms the presence of a LuxR-LuxI (type) mediated quorum-sensing system in both the
Pseudomonas
species and enables us to understand the role of quorum sensing in their survival in extremely cold environments.
Complete Genome Sequence of Chinese Yam Necrotic Mosaic Virus from
Dioscorea opposita
in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Lee Joong-Hwan , Son Chang-Gi , Kwon Joong-Bae , Nam Hyo-Hun , Kim Yeongtae , Lee Su-Heon , Zhao Fumei , Moon Jae Sun
Published: August 2016

The complete genome sequence of Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus (ChYNMV) consisting of 8,213 nucleotides containing one open reading frame was determined by the transcriptome data generated from
Discorea opposita
. This is the first report of the complete nucleotide sequence of ChYNMV from
Dioscorea opposita
in the Republic of Korea.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Geobacillus subterraneus
Strain K, a Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Thermophilic Bacterium Isolated from a Petroleum Reservoir in Kazakhstan
Authors: Poltaraus Andrey B. , Sokolova Diyana S. , Grouzdev Denis S. , Ivanov Timophey M. , Malakho Sophia G. , Korshunova Alena V. , Tourova Tatiyana P. , Nazina Tamara N.
Published: August 2016

The draft genome sequence of
Geobacillus subterraneus
strain K, a thermophilic aerobic oil-oxidizing bacterium isolated from production water of the Uzen high-temperature oil field in Kazakhstan, is presented here. The genome is annotated for elucidation of the genomic and phenotypic diversity of thermophilic alkane-oxidizing bacteria.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel
Bacillus
sp. VT 712 Strain Isolated from the Duodenum of a Patient with Intestinal Cancer
Authors: Tetz George , Tetz Victor
Published: August 2016

We report here the complete genome sequence of the spore-forming
Bacillus
sp. strain VT 712 isolated from the duodenum of a patient with intestinal cancer. The genome is 3,921,583 bp, with 37.9% G+C content. It contains 3,768 predicted protein-coding genes for multidrug resistance transporters, virulence factors, and daunorubicin resistance.
Permanent Improved High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of
Nocardia casuarinae
Strain BMG51109, an Endophyte of Actinorhizal Root Nodules of
Casuarina glauca
Authors: Ghodhbane-Gtari Faten , Beauchemin Nicholas , Louati Moussa , Nouioui Imen , Ktari Amir , Hezbri Karima , Gueddou Abdellatif , Chen Amy , Huntemann Marcel , Ivanova Natalia , Kyrpides Nikos , Markowitz Victor , Mavrommatis Kostas , Pagani Ioanna , Sen Arnab , Wall Luis , Woyke Tanja , Gtari Maher , Tisa Louis S.
Published: August 2016

Here, we report the first genome sequence of a
Nocardia
plant endophyte
, N. casuarinae
strain BMG51109, isolated from
Casuarina glauca
root nodules. The improved high-quality draft genome sequence contains 8,787,999 bp with a 68.90% GC content and 7,307 predicted protein-coding genes.
Transanal endoscopic microsurgery in the management of rectal wall endometriosis
Authors: Banky Balazs , Saleki Mahsa , Gill Talvinder S
Published: August 2016

A 29-year-old woman with known history of endometriosis was referred to colorectal outpatient clinic from gynaecology with a history of intermittent rectal bleeding and no associated bowel symptoms. Flexible sigmoidoscopy in concordance with pelvic MRI revealed a 3×2×2 cm sessile lesion in the anterior rectal wall. The lesion was also palpable as a firm mass on digital rectal examination. From the gynaecological point of view no intra-abdominal exploration was required; the sole rectal wall lesion was removed with the minimally invasive surgical technique of transanal endoscopic microsurgery. Full thickness rectal wall excision sample was reported to be histologically complete and confirmed endometriosis. No recurrence was detected at endoscopic follow-up at 6 months. The patient remained symptom free. Therefore, we demonstrated a case of minimally invasive removal of a rectal wall large endometriosis nodule in a fertile woman with a complete, symptomatic, uneventful recovery.
Systemic sarcoidosis with hypercalcaemia, hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction and thyroid involvement
Authors: Alsahwi Nassib , Blavo Delali , Karanchi Harsha
Published: August 2016

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder. The lungs are the principal organs affected, however, extrapulmonary involvement including disorders of the pituitary and thyroid glands has been reported but presentation with multiple endocrine manifestations is rare. We report the case of a 36-year-old African-American woman who presented with hypercalcaemia, abnormal thyroid function studies and secondary amenorrhoea. On workup including laboratory, radiological testing and biopsy she was diagnosed with sarcoidosis with multi-organ involvement. Endocrine manifestations included non-parathyroid hormone mediated hypercalcaemia related to sarcoidosis, thyroid involvement with sarcoidosis and hypothalamic–pituitary involvement with a sellar and suprasellar mass associated with secondary adrenal insufficiency, secondary hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency and secondary hypothyroidism. We report to the best of our knowledge the first case of simultaneous multiple endocrine manifestations of sarcoidosis that included hypercalcaemia, hypopituitarism and sarcoidosis of the thyroid gland.
Love the one you’re with: genomic evidence of panmixia in the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria)
Authors: Jasonowicz Andrew J. , Goetz Frederick W. , Goetz Giles W. , Nichols Krista M.
Published: August 2016

Understanding the genetic structure of a fishery may help delineate stocks and is directly applicable to resource management. To date, studies have not found clear population genetic structure across the range of the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), yet significant biological differences are recognized. Here we use restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to develop thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the sablefish genome and assess population genetic structure and examine the genome for SNPs under natural selection. Our study was unable to target spawning groups, having the potential to bias analyses that require a priori hypotheses of population structure. Low and insignificant levels of differentiation (FST= 0.0002) were observed among survey areas, and analyses of population structure suggested a single population. Only two SNPs were significantly associated with environmental variables. These results are likely due to considerable population mixing and suggest a single panmictic group of sablefish off the west coast of the United States and Alaska that is likely a consequence of a complex juvenile life history and long range movements as adults.
Integrability and Dynamics of Quadratic Three-Dimensional Differential Systems Having an Invariant Paraboloid
Authors: Messias Marcelo , Reinol Alisson C.
Published: August 2016

Invariant algebraic surfaces are commonly observed in differential systems arising in mathematical modeling of natural phenomena. In this paper, we study the integrability and dynamics of quadratic polynomial differential systems defined in [Formula: see text] having an elliptic paraboloid as an invariant algebraic surface. We obtain the normal form for these kind of systems and, by using the invariant paraboloid, we prove the existence of first integrals, exponential factors, Darboux invariants and inverse Jacobi multipliers, for suitable choices of parameter values. We characterize all the possible configurations of invariant parallels and invariant meridians on the invariant paraboloid and give necessary conditions for the invariant parallel to be a limit cycle and for the invariant meridian to have two orbits heteroclinic to a point at infinity. We also study the dynamics of a particular class of the quadratic polynomial differential systems having an invariant paraboloid, giving information about localization and local stability of finite singular points and, by using the Poincaré compactification, we study their dynamics on the Poincaré sphere (at infinity). Finally, we study the well-known Rabinovich system in the case of invariant paraboloids, performing a detailed study of its dynamics restricted to these invariant algebraic surfaces.
Exact Solutions and Bifurcations in Invariant Manifolds for a Nonic Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Li Jibin
Published: August 2016

Propagating modes in a class of nonic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations incorporating ninth order nonlinearity are investigated by the method of dynamical systems. Because the functions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the solutions [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] satisfy a four-dimensional integral system having two first integrals (i.e. the invariants of motion), a planar dynamical system for the squared wave amplitude [Formula: see text] can be derived in the invariant manifold of the four-dimensional integrable system. By using the bifurcation theory of dynamical systems, under different parameter conditions, bifurcations of phase portraits and exact periodic solutions, homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions for this planar dynamical system can be given. Therefore, under some parameter conditions, solutions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can be exactly obtained. Thirty six exact explicit solutions of equation are derived.
A DIFFUSIVITY MODEL FOR GAS DIFFUSION IN DRY POROUS MEDIA COMPOSED OF CONVERGING–DIVERGING CAPILLARIES
Authors: WANG SHIFANG , WU TAO , DENG YONGJU , ZHENG QIUSHA , ZHENG QIAN
Published: August 2016

Gas diffusion in dry porous media has been a hot topic in several areas of technology for many years. In this paper, a diffusivity model for gas diffusion in dry porous media is developed based on fractal theory and Fick’s law, which incorporates the effects of converging–diverging pores and tortuous characteristics of capillaries as well as Knudsen diffusion. The effective gas diffusivity model is expressed as a function of the fluctuation amplitude of the capillary cross-section size variations, the porosity, the pore area fractal dimension and the tortuosity fractal dimension. The results show that the relative diffusivity decreases with the increase of the fluctuation amplitude and increases with the increase of pore area fractal dimension. To verify the validity of the present model, the relative diffusivity from the proposed fractal model is compared with the existing experimental data as well as two available models of Bruggeman and Shou. Our proposed diffusivity model with pore converging–diverging effect included is in good agreement with reported experimental data.
Conventional Refrigeration Systems Using Phase Change Material: A Review
Authors: Khan Md. Imran H.
Published: August 2016

A phase change material (PCM) is a substance that can store or release significant amounts of heat energy by changing its phase from liquid to vapor or vice versa. It has already been proven that incorporation of PCM with refrigeration systems improves the energy efficiency as well as the quality of the frozen food. However, the attachment of PCM system with the refrigeration system is a challenging task. Different aspects such as PCM thickness, quantity of PCM, PCM phase change temperature selection for optimizing energy consumptions of refrigeration systems are the main concerns of today’s researches. However, there is no specific study to concern these aspects of PCM in refrigeration systems. Therefore, in this paper, a comprehensive literature review has been made. The effects of different process parameters such as the thickness of PCM, phase change temperature of PCM and position of PCM have been discussed. This paper also presents a review of the modeling approaches as well as experimental approaches for the application of PCM in a refrigeration system. Moreover, the present status of the refrigeration system with PCM has been presented. Finally, the limitations of incorporation of PCM in a refrigeration system have been also discussed.
Flexible-forward pricing through Leisen–Reimer trees: Implementation and performance comparison with traditional Markov chains
Authors: Giribone Pier Giuseppe , Ligato Simone
Published: August 2016

This article aims to estimate the fair-value of flexi-forwards, popular financial instruments on currencies, through Leisen–Reimer trees. The first part of paper deals with Markov chains suitable for pricing American options: Cox–Ross–Rubinstein, Jarrow–Rudd, Tian, Leisen–Reimer Trees. The correctness of the implementation in Matlab has been tested by comparing their prices with those obtained through approximated closed-formulas. The second part highlights the better performance of Leisen–Reimer trees in terms of convergence speed and sensitivity. Finally, flexi-forward contracts have been priced by using the numerical methodologies which have outperformed in the previous parts.
Advances and Challenges in Genomic Selection for Disease Resistance
Authors: Poland Jesse , Rutkoski Jessica
Published: August 2016

Breeding for disease resistance is a central focus of plant breeding programs, as any successful variety must have the complete package of high yield, disease resistance, agronomic performance, and end-use quality. With the need to accelerate the development of improved varieties, genomics-assisted breeding is becoming an important tool in breeding programs. With marker-assisted selection, there has been success in breeding for disease resistance; however, much of this work and research has focused on identifying, mapping, and selecting for major resistance genes that tend to be highly effective but vulnerable to breakdown with rapid changes in pathogen races. In contrast, breeding for minor-gene quantitative resistance tends to produce more durable varieties but is a more challenging breeding objective. As the genetic architecture of resistance shifts from single major R genes to a diffused architecture of many minor genes, the best approach for molecular breeding will shift from marker-assisted selection to genomic selection. Genomics-assisted breeding for quantitative resistance will therefore necessitate whole-genome prediction models and selection methodology as implemented for classical complex traits such as yield. Here, we examine multiple case studies testing whole-genome prediction models and genomic selection for disease resistance. In general, whole-genome models for disease resistance can produce prediction accuracy suitable for application in breeding. These models also largely outperform multiple linear regression as would be applied in marker-assisted selection. With the implementation of genomic selection for yield and other agronomic traits, whole-genome marker profiles will be available for the entire set of breeding lines, enabling genomic selection for disease at no additional direct cost. In this context, the scope of implementing genomics selection for disease resistance, and specifically for quantitative resistance and quarantined pathogens, becomes a tractable and powerful approach in breeding programs.