bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of hawgent dynamic mathematics software on mathematics achievement: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xinxin , Zhou Ying , Wijaya Tommy Tanu
Published: July 2022

In recent years, ICT development has greatly affected the education sector. The development has provided many opportunities to innovate and improve the quality of education. Dynamic mathematics software is one of the learning media that is widely used in mathematics lessons. China has always wanted to be innovative by developing Hawgent Dynamic Mathematics software with more features than other dynamic mathematics software. This research aims to determine the effect of Hawgent Dynamic Mathematics software on mathematics achievement and analyze the advantages of Hawgent compared to other dynamic mathematics software. This research employed a meta-analysis approach by analyzing 28 empirical research articles published in both Chinese and foreign journals. There are 46 effect sizes with 4137 students from 2018 to 2021. Furthermore, the data was obtained using CMA software. The results showed that the effect size of Hawgent on mathematics achievement was 2.11 (P=0.000.1), within the very high category. Further analysis showed that the number of students did not affect Hawgent’s effect size. The effect of Hawgent at the senior high school level was greater than at the elementary and junior high school levels. Furthermore, Hawgent’s effect on geometry and algebra subjects was greater than any other subjects. This research can be useful as information on the development of dynamic mathematics software since many countries tend to use Geogebra and Geometric Sketchpad.
Self-regulated learning-based digital module development to improve students' critical thinking skills
Authors: Kusmaharti Dian , Yustitia Via
Published: July 2022

Learning technology needs to support improving critical thinking skills in the 21st century. Self-regulated learning-based digital module can be used to support students’ independent learning. The aims of this study are (1) to describe a valid digital module based on self-regulated learning; (2) to evaluate and describe the practicality of the digital module based on self-regulated learning; (3) to determine the effectiveness of the digital module based on self-regulated learning on students' critical thinking skills. The method used is Research and Development with the ADDIE development model. The results of the study are (1) the developed digital module based on self-regulated learning is declared valid; (2) the digital module based on self-regulated learning is stated to be practical as indicated by the response and implementation in the good category; (3) students' critical thinking skills in the experimental class are better than the control class. Generally, the self-regulated learning-based digital modules are valid, practical, and effective.
Teacher Problems in Implementing Google Classroom
Authors: Selvia Devi Sela Eka , Suri Indah Resti Ayuni
Published: July 2022

Google Classroom is used to manage the learning system at the school to college level.  With Google Classroom, teachers can effectively and efficiently manage classrooms. This research was conducted to describe the teachers’ problems in implementing learning using Google Classroom on the Al-Qur'an Hadith subject at MTs Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung.    This research is field research with a qualitative approach. To obtain the necessary data, the researchers conducted interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.  The results showed the teachers’ problems in implementing learning using Google Classroom on Al-Qur'an Hadith subject at MTs Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung.  Islamic Religious Education teachers explained the problems experienced using this Google Classroom, such as attendance, active learning and motivation learning.  The efforts made by Islamic Religious Education teachers are reducing the KKM (Criteria of Minimum Mastery) and performing collaboration between Islamic Religious Education teachers, BK (counselling) teachers, and homeroom teachers. So it can be concluded that in using Google Classroom, teachers must properly design from the planning, implementation and evaluation stages of learning so that learning becomes effective.
An Analysis of the Singing Method in Children's Religious and Moral Values Learning in Islamic Education
Authors: Loka Novita , Ichsan Ichsan
Published: July 2022

The learning method often used in preschool institutions is the lecturing method or the question and answer method. If the methods are continuously applied, children's learning motivation can decrease, especially in religious and moral values learning within the scope of Islamic education. A method that can increase children's motivation and development is needed, such as the singing method. The singing method can improve the development of children's religious and moral values. This research is field research with a descriptive quantitative approach. The researchers collected the data using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the observation results' average or mean. The analysis found that the singing method could increase the development of children's religious and moral values. So it can be concluded, the singing method can be used effectively if applied properly because it is fun and can increase learning motivation. This method can be an alternative for teachers in developing religious and moral values.
The Urgency of Education in Islamic Boarding Schools in Improving The Quality of Islamic-Based Character Education
Authors: Fauzi Irzhal , Hosna Rofiatu
Published: July 2022

This research aims to determine the importance of education at the Miftahul Mubtadiin Ar-Ridlo Islamic Boarding School, Nganjuk, in increasing the quality of Islamic character education. A qualitative approach is used in this study. Researchers employed observation techniques, interviews, and documentation to obtain data. According to the findings of this study, character education at the Miftahul Mubtadiin Ar-Ridlo Islamic Boarding School, Nganjuk, is well maintained and operational. It is demonstrated by alumni who have good personalities, noble character, and the ability to live independently. Supporting variables include students, caregivers and caregivers who persevere, and families that consistently provide good direction and habituation to students during vacations (in particular). The problems found are personal factors, environmental factors and the rapid development of science and technology. So it can be concluded the character education in pesantren can be effective with the coaching, mentoring, and unique approaches by ustadz and administrators, parents and banning electronic devices. According to the existing description, education at the Miftahul Mubtadiin Ar-Ridlo Islamic Boarding School, Nganjuk, substantially boosts the quality of Islamic character education.
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Laboratorium Komputer (Simlab - Kom) Program Studi Pendidikan Teknologi Universitas PGRI Semarang
Authors: Aviany Yolland , Sudargo Sudargo , Menarianti Ika
Published: July 2022

Laboratorium komputer di jurusan pendidikan teknologi informasi Universitas PGRI Semarang masih memiliki kendala serta kegiatan – kegiatan di dalamnya masih bersifat manual sehingga diperlukannya sebuah sistem untuk membantu pengelolaan laboratorium komputer di jurusan pendidikan teknologi informasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah metode studi pustaka, observasi dan wawancara. Data yang ada  kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode waterfall, yang mana tahapannya  meliputi: tahap Communication, Planning, Modelling, Contruction dan Deployment dengan desain sistem meliputi: Perancangan Flowchart System, DFD, ERD, DIPO, dan Perancangan Tabel. Penelitian ini kemudian diimplementasikan ke dalam bahasa pemprogaman PHP dengan menggunakan database MySQL. Pengujian aplikasi yaitu dengan validasi kepada ahli media dan ahli materi dalam bentuk angket. Pada proses pengujian yang dilakukan oleh ahli media diperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 88% dan masuk ke dalam kategori sangat layak, dan pada proses pengujian black box dinyatakan layak, sedangkan untuk hasil pengujian pada responden dalam hal ini adalah mahasiswa, mendapatkan persentase rata-rata sebesar 89% dan dikategorikan sangat layak.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penjualan Berbasis E-Commerce Pada Toko Zahra Collection
Authors: Solikhatun Solikhatun , Sudargo Sudargo , Menarianti Ika
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh penjualan pada Toko Zahra Collection yang masih menggunakan sistem secara manual. Teknologi yang saat ini berkembang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu penginputan data dan pengelolaan data. Maka dibuat Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penjualan Berbasis E-Commerce pada Toko Zahra Collection yang berguna untuk membantu penjualan dengan jangkauan yang luas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperluas jangkauan promosi penjualan, memudahkan penjual untuk melakukan promosi secara online melalui website Toko Zahra Collection, penjual lebih mudah membuat laporan review penjualan, memudahkan komunikasi antara penjual dan pembeli. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode waterfall, yang terdiri dari communication, planning, modeling, construction, dan deployment. Desain sistem meliputi pembuatan flowchart, context diagram, data flow diagram, entitas relationship diagram, hireracy plus input process output, design input process output dan logical record structure. Kemudian diimplementasikan dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dengan menggunakan database MySQL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian validasi ahli dengan menggunakan skala likert didapatkan hasil rata-rata peresentase oleh dua validator ahli materi sebesar 85% dan dua validator ahli media sebesar 85% sehingga dapat dinyatakan “sangat layak” digunakan. Kemudian hasil penilaian dari 15 responden dengan menggunakan skala likert memperoleh hasil sebesar 85% yang dinyatakan “sangat layak” digunakan.
Sistem Informasi E-SPPT SPOP Pajak Bumi Berbasis Web Di Badan Pengelolaan Pendapatan, Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah (BPPKAD) Kabupaten Kudus
Authors: Agus Tiyo Muhammad Savra , Latifah Noor
Published: July 2022

Badan Pengelolaan Pendapatan, Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BPPKAD) Kabupaten Kudus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan daerah yang dinamis didasakan pada kebutuhan daerah. Pelayanan dari BPPKAD belum bisa dikatakan maksimal, yaitu Pelayanan dalam mengurus pendataan Surat Pemberitahuan Pajak Terutang (SPPT) pada Pajak Bumi (SPOP). Pendataan SPPT SPOP ini dilakukan hanya untuk objek berupa tanah saja. Penginputan data masih dilakukan secara manual mengisi form dan harus datang ke tempat sehingga tidak efisien. Solusi dari permaslahan ini adalah dengan merancang dan membangun Sistem Informasi E-SPPT SPOP Pajak Bumi Berbasis Web dengan tujuan untuk membantu proses pendataan dan pengolahan data pajak bumi di BPPKAD Kabupaten Kudus. Sistem ini bermanfaat untuk membantu masyarakat kabupaten kudus dalam mengurus pendataan Pajak Bumi (SPOP) secara mandiri tanpa harus datang dan mengantri ke kantor BPPKAD secara langsung. Metode pengembangan yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan pengembangan metode waterfall. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Sistem Informasi E-SPPT SPOP Pajak Bumi Berbasis Web di Badan Pengelolaan Pendapatan, Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BPPKAD) Kabupaten Kudus.
Entre uno y mil Pinocho(s): mediación docente y formación lectora desde la recepción de la obra
Authors: Rivera Jurado Paula , Parrado Collantes Milagrosa
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo presenta una investigación en torno al proceso de recepción de Pinocho el astuto, de Gianni Rodari. A través de una metodología mixta, de corte cualitativo y cuantitativo, se analizan las respuestas lectoras de un grupo de mediadores en formación (n=61). Los resultados muestran la copresencia de aquellos Pinocho(s) que integran el intertexto lector de los participantes y cuáles ejercen de hipotextos, si bien resultan hipertextos. Las conclusiones se orientan hacia aquellas líneas de actuación que resultan fundamentales para plantear la formación lectora específica de la figura del mediador-lector-receptor como agente clave que otorga significado al texto en un proceso activo de recepción.
Carmen Conde y su experiencia melillense (1914-1920). Una aplicación didáctica para trabajar la literatura española desde una perspectiva intercultural
Authors: Romero Morales Yasmina
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo está dividido en dos partes. En la primera, nos detendremos en las memorias de Carmen Conde Empezando la vida. Memorias de una infancia en Marruecos 1914-1920 (1955). En esta obra la escritora rememora los cinco años que vivió en la ciudad de Melilla, de los 7 a los 12, unos años decisivos en su formación humana e intelectual. Durante aquellos años en Melilla se establecieron las bases y las directrices de lo que sería su carácter, determinadas a partir de la influencia que ejerció en ella su entorno, en un momento tan transcendental en la vida de cualquiera como es el de la infancia. De hecho, la autora consideró que fue en Melilla donde, precisamente, despertó su vocación de escritora. En la segunda parte de este trabajo, proponemos el uso de estas memorias de Carmen Conde en el aula de literatura española para potenciar en el alumnado el desarrollo de una aptitud y una actitud descentralizadas respecto al etnocentrismo. Un argumento que demuestra, una vez más, la utilidad práctica que tiene la literatura frente a la consideración habitual que la condena a la teoricidad sin relación directa con los hechos cotidianos que nos afectan como sociedad.
On the possibility of preventive assessments of damage rate of electrical networks (on the example of PJSC Rosseti Lenenergo)
Authors: Naumov I. V. , Polkovskaya M. N.
Published: July 2022

The article is a continuation of the study of operational reliability level of electric networks (EN) of PJSC Rosseti Lenenergo in 2014 – 2021. The classification of causes of damage in the EN and identification of predominant among them in the Company's EN during the operation period are considered in detail. The purpose of the article is defined as the study of cause-and-effect relationships that determine the accident rate, for which a number of tasks are formulated to be considered. The input data are the results of annual reports on the number of failures, broken down by months from 2014 to 2021 in the Leningrad region (LO) and St. Petersburg (SP) electrical networks. As research methods, numerical methods for evaluating the study results and the MATLAB graphic editor technology were used to visualize the analysis results of the studied indicators. Methods of mathematical statistics and artificial neural networks were used as preventive damage assessment methods.To approximate the series of emergency outages, programming algorithms developed by the authors were used, which enabled the visualization of the studied characteristics. It is established that the most appropriate solution is to use statistical methods based on the least squares method. With their application, it is possible to study trend-seasonal models that allow to assess the influence of the seasonal component on the number of failures of electric grid elements.As a result of the study, the main causes of failures of elements of electrical networks have been identified. For the networks of the LO, the main damage cause is the fall of trees (41%), for the SP networks — the impact of unauthorized persons and organizations (48%). Trend and trend-seasonal models have been constructed that allow obtaining short-term forecasts of emergency outages. At the same time, the assessment of the seasonal component reflects the dependence of the number of accidents on the month in which they occurred. For a more detailed analysis, it is planned to consider the influence of climatic parameters on the studied indicator.
El análisis de las organizaciones y de la gestión: surgimiento, fundamento disciplinar y objeto de estudio de un área de investigación
Authors: Espinosa Infante Elvia , de la Rosa Alburquerque Ayuzabet
Published: July 2022

Trabajo que deja constancia del registro histórico del surgimiento del colectivo de investigación Área; Análisis y Gestión de las Organizaciones lo cual es relevante ya que puede servir de insumo a aquellos investigadores que en el futuro estén interesados en estudiar la evolución del campo de las organizaciones —y de la gestión— en México y Latinoamérica. El capítulo comienza con la exposición de la procedencia y emergencia del área de investigación Análisis y gestión de las organizaciones. En seguida, se aborda la especificidad disciplinaria y amplitud temática de los campos de estudio representativos de dicha área. Posteriormente, se muestra que la perspectiva organizacional para el estudio de las organizaciones y de la gestión, representa la columna vertebral del área de investigación. A continuación, se delimitan los objetos de estudio del área de investigación, y se finaliza con una serie de reflexiones sobre algunos alcances y retos del área de investigación.
Preexisting coronary artery disease among coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zuin Marco , Rigatelli Gianluca , Bilato Claudio , Rigatelli Alberto , Roncon Loris , Ribichini Flavio
Published: July 2022

Aims

The prevalence and prognostic implications of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients infected by the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease remain unclear.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with preexisting CAD. We searched Medline and Scopus to locate all articles published up to December 8, 2021, reporting data of COVID-19 survivors and nonsurvivors with preexisting CAD. Data were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (OR) as the effect measure with the related 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Thirty-eight studies including 27 435 patients (mean age 61.5 and 70.9 years) were analysed. The pooled prevalence of preexisting CAD was 12.6% (95% CI: 11.2–16.5%, I
2: 95.6%), and resulted as higher in intensive care unit patients (17.5%, 95% CI: 11.9–25.1, I
2: 88.4%) and in European cohorts (13.1%, 95% CI: 7.8–21.6%, P < 0.001, I
2: 98.4%). COVID-19 patients with preexisting CAD had a two-fold risk of short-term mortality (OR 2.61, 95% CI 2.10–3.24, P < 0.001, I
2 = 73.6%); this risk was higher among Asian cohorts (OR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.79–3.90, P < 0.001, I
2: 77.3%) compared with European (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.90–3.14, P < 0.001, I
2: 56.9%) and American (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.41–2.44, P < 0.001, I
2: 0%) populations. The association between CAD and poor short-term prognosis was influenced by age, prevalence of hypertension (HT), DM and CKD.

Conclusions

Preexisting CAD is present in approximately 1 in 10 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and significantly associated with an increased risk of short-term mortality, which is influenced by age, HT, DM and CKD.
Myocardial fibrosis in asymptomatic patients undergoing surgery for mitral and aortic valve regurgitation
Authors: Fragasso Gabriele , Sanvito Francesca , Monaca Giuseppe , Ardizzone Valentina , De Bonis Michele , Pappalardo Federico , Smart Chanel , Montanaro Claudia , Lapenna Elisabetta , Calabrese Maria Chiara , Castiglioni Alessandro , Benussi Stefano , Maisano Francesco , Zangrillo Alberto , Ambrosi Alessandro , Doglioni Claudio , Alfieri Ottavio , Margonato Alberto
Published: July 2022

Background

Chronic heart valve regurgitation induces left ventricular (LV) volume overload, leading to the development of hypertrophy and progressive dilatation of the ventricle to maintain physiological cardiac output. In order to prevent potential irreversible LV structural changes, the identification of the best timing for treatment is pivotal.

Objective

To assess the presence and extent of fibrosis in myocardial tissue in asymptomatic patients with valvular heart disease (VHD) and preserved LV dimensions and function undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods

Thirty-nine patients were enrolled. Sixteen patients were affected by aortic or mitral regurgitation: they were all asymptomatic, undergoing valve surgery according to VHD European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Twenty-three patients with end-stage nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and severe LV dysfunction undergoing cardiac surgery for implantation of a durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) served as controls. During surgery, VHD patients underwent three myocardial biopsies at the level of the septum, the lateral wall and LV apex, while in LVAD patients the coring of the apex of the LV was used. For both groups, the tissue samples were analyzed on one section corresponding to the apical area. All slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining and further digitalized. The degree of fibrosis was then calculated as a percentage of the total area.

Results

Of 39 patients, 23 met the inclusion criteria: 12 had mitral or aortic insufficiency with a preserved ejection fraction and 11 had idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Quantitative analysis of apical sections revealed a myocardial fibrosis amount of 10 ± 6% in VHD patients, while in LVAD patients the mean apical myocardial fibrosis rate was 38 ± 9%. In VHD patients, fibrosis was also present in the lateral wall (9 ± 4%) and in the septum (9 ± 6%).

Conclusion

Our case series study highlights the presence of tissue remodeling with fibrosis in asymptomatic patients with VHD and preserved LV function. According to our results, myocardial fibrosis is present at an early stage of the disease, well before developing detectable LV dysfunction and symptoms. Since the relationship between the progressive magnitude of myocardial fibrosis and potential prognostic implications are not yet defined, further studies on this topic are warranted.
How Different and How Alike? Cluster Analysis Applied to Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Data from Companies Listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange
Authors: Prates Juliana Costa Ribeiro , Magalhães Aline Souza , Prates Thierry Molnar , Avelino Bruna Camargos
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is to understand how companies listed on the B3 that disclose emissions inventories in Brazil are similar or different, based on quantitative variables related to GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions intensity, company size, net operating revenue, potential for investments in new technologies, communication, and socio environmental responsibility.
Theoretical framework: Theoretical framework addresses corporate social responsibility (RSE) and the economic foundations of Regulation.
Method/design/approach: We used a multivariate cluster analysis technique on a sample of 31 companies listed on the Brazilian stock exchange that disclosed emissions inventories over the period 2012 to 2019.
Results and conclusion: The results showed that companies like Petrobras (cluster 4), as well as JBS, Vale, Ultrapar and CBD (cluster 3), besides emitting more GHGs, are also larger companies, with higher revenues, committed to communication and socio-environmental responsibility. In addition, they incentivize their executives through higher monetary incentives. Because they have such distinct characteristics from other companies, these companies or sectors could be driven by incentives other than traditional regulation.
Research implications: The results suggest that large companies have, in some cases, anticipated regulation as they have incorporated environmental programs within their long-term strategies. In contrast, increased regulation may put pressure on smaller companies to adapt.
Originality/value: Our findings contribute to the literature by highlighting the characteristics of these companies that voluntarily disclose emissions inventories in Brazil. Furthermore, we indicate how they are similar or different according to financial, environmental, and social performance criteria.
A positive syn-fold test from the Neoarchaean Klipriviersberg Group of South Africa: Quo vadis Vaalbara?
Authors: de Kock M.O. , Malatji I. , Wabo H. , Maré L.P.
Published: July 2022

The existence of Vaalbara, the combined Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic Kaapvaal-Pilbara supercraton, is questionable during the early Neoarchaean when scrutinised through the lens of recent Australian and South African palaeomagnetic data. Remarkably similar ~2.7 to 2.5 Ga geological successions (with near bed-for-bed correlatability) support a coherent Vaalbara at the end of the Neoarchaean. Here we report palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic results from the Klipriviersberg Group of South Africa, which is the oldest rock sequences used to define Vaalbara originally. A positive syn-fold test illustrated a high-temperature remanence component acquired during the formation of the Witwatersrand syncline. This fold structure predates the Vredefort Impact Structure and its formation is synchronous with the deposition of the Mesoarchaean Central Rand Group and extrusion of the Klipriviersberg Group. The studied rocks of the Klipriviersberg Group are not directly dated, but most are likley younger than 2 780 to 2 789 Ma, based on detrital zircon ages from the lowermost Ventersdorp Supergroup and U-Pb baddeleyite ages for mafic sills that intrude the Witwatersrand Supergroup that are regarded as feeders of the Kliprivierberg Group lavas, but older than the overlying 2 720 to 2 750 Ma Platberg Group. The Klipriviersberg Group pole is at 27.7°S, 32.7°E with an A95 of 11°. A comparison of Meso- to Neoarchaean palaeopoles from the Kaapvaal and Pilbara cratons suggests their shared drift path traversing the polar circle and thus supports the existence of Vaalbara across the 2.78 to 2.70 Ga interval.
Identification of cyberbullying by neural network methods
Authors: Pleshakova Ekaterina Sergeevna , Filimonov Andrei Viktorovich , Osipov Aleksei Viktorovich , Gataullin Sergei Timurovich
Published: July 2022

The authors consider in detail the identification of cyberbullying, which is carried out by fraudsters with the illegal use of the victim's personal data. Basically, the source of this information is social networks, e-mails. The use of social networks in society is growing exponentially on a daily basis. The use of social networks, in addition to numerous advantages, also has a negative character, namely, users face numerous cyber threats. Such threats include the use of personal data for criminal purposes, cyberbullying, cybercrime, phishing and cyberbullying. In this article, we will focus on the task of identifying trolls. Identifying trolls on social networks is a difficult task because they are dynamic in nature and are collected in several billion records. One of the possible solutions to identify trolls is the use of machine learning algorithms. The main contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is the use of the method of identifying trolls in social networks, which is based on the analysis of the emotional state of network users and behavioral activity. In this article, in order to identify trolls, users are grouped together, this association is carried out by identifying a similar way of communication. The distribution of users is carried out automatically through the use of a special type of neural networks, namely self-organizing Kohonen maps. The group number is also determined automatically. To determine the characteristics of users, on the basis of which the distribution into groups takes place, the number of comments, the average length of the comment and the indicator responsible for the emotional state of the user are used.
papel do telejornalismo na produção de narrativas políticas
Authors: Pérez Rodríguez Germán , Romanini Anderson Vinícius
Published: July 2022

RESUMO – A partir do estudo de noticiários de TV aberta que cobriram os julgamentos dos ex-presidentes da Colômbia (Uribe) e do Brasil (Lula), o artigo explora algumas das escolhas editoriais feitas pelos dois principais telejornais desses países (Jornal Nacional, da brasileira Globo; e Noticias Caracol, da colombiana Caracol) e analisa o impacto dessas escolhas na construção de narrativas voltadas a produzir efeitos na opinião pública. Apesar do crescente protagonismo das mídias digitais nas sociedades analisadas, arguimos que a quantidade de tempo dedicado ao assunto por esses telejornais e os recursos retóricos usados na apresentação das notícias revelam a intencionalidade de tematizar o debate público, dominando, inclusive, a repercussão nas demais mídias e forçando uma narrativa homogeneizada desses fatos, contribuindo para a polarização política e a propagação do discurso de ódio nas diversas esferas do sistema social.
ABSTRACT – Based on the study of open TV news that covered the trials of former presidents of Colombia (Uribe) and Brazil (Lula), the article explores some of the editorial choices made by the two main news broadcasts in these countries (Jornal Nacional, from Brazilian Globo and Noticias Caracol, from Colombian Caracol) and analyzes the impact of these choices in the construction of narratives aimed at producing effects on public opinion. Despite the growing role of digital media in the societies analyzed, we argue that the amount of time devoted to the subject by these newscasts and the rhetorical resources used in the presentation of the news reveals the intentionality to thematize the public debate, even dominating the repercussion in other media and forcing a homogenized narrative of these facts, contributing to the political polarization and the spread of hate speech in the different spheres of the social system.
RESUMEN – A partir del estudio de noticias de TV abierta que cubrió los juicios de los expresidentes de Colombia (Uribe) y Brasil (Lula), el artículo explora algunas de las decisiones editoriales de los dos principales noticieros de estos países (Jornal Nacional, de la brasileña Globo y Noticias Caracol, de la colombiana Caracol) y analiza el impacto de estas elecciones en la construcción de narrativas orientadas a producir efectos en la opinión pública. A pesar del creciente papel de los medios digitales en las sociedades analizadas, sostenemos que el tiempo dedicado al tema por estos noticieros y los recursos retóricos utilizados en la presentación de la noticia revelan la intencionalidad de tematizar el debate público, dominando incluso la repercusión. en otros medios y forzando una narrativa homogeneizada de estos hechos, contribuyendo a la polarización política y la difusión del discurso de odio en los diferentes ámbitos del sistema social.
A case of hydrocephalus confounded by suprasellar arachnoid cyst and concomitant reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
Authors: Ahmad Samuel Jack , Zampolin Richard L. , Brook Allan L. , Kobets Andrew J. , Altschul David J.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Obstructive hydrocephalus is a neurologic condition that has varied clinical and imaging presentations, as well as a multitude of congenital etiologies including aqueductal stenosis and less commonly arachnoid cysts. Aqueductal stenosis is a physical limitation to cerebrospinal fluid flow along the course of the aqueduct, which results in enlargement of the third and lateral ventricles. Arachnoid cysts are thin walled and fluid filled central nervous system lesions that can result in mass effect on adjacent structures. While arachnoid cysts are mostly asymptomatic, they may present with neurological symptoms that vary depending on the location of the lesion. Suprasellar cysts in particular may cause obstructive hydrocephalus as well as endocrine dysfunction. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is an unusual condition caused by cerebral arterial vasoconstriction that often presents initially with a thunderclap headache. Frequently, there is some environmental trigger associated with this condition. RCVS more commonly affects women and can induce stroke.

Case Description:

A 57-year-old female presented to the emergency department with progressive headache and visual changes. Initial workup suggested the patient’s symptoms where related to RCVS but subsequent surgical management of what was presumed to be long standing, compensated hydrocephalus resulted in resolution of the patient’s symptoms.

Conclusion:

We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of aquedutal stenosis and suprasellar arachnoid cyst with concomitant RCVS. The presence of multiple pathologies found on radiologic imaging illustrates the challenges presented by incidental findings and subsequent anchoring bias in medical diagnosis.
Motor outcome after resective surgery for the central lobe gliomas
Authors: Mamani Rocio , Jacobo Javier A. , Guinto-Nishimura Gerardo Yoshiaki , Hernández-Hernández Alan , Moreno-Jimenez Sergio
Published: July 2022

Background:

Extent of resection (EOR) plays a major role in the prognosis on patients with gliomas, although the postoperative functionality of the patient is of great importance as well. It is why many surgeons advocate to not operate extensively on tumors that involve eloquent regions such as the central lobe. Recent series have demonstrated that it is possible to achieve extensive resections in this area without significantly affecting the functional outcome for these patients. We illustrate this issue with the experience obtained at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City.

Methods:

This is an observational and retrospective study that included patients that received surgical resection for intracranial gliomas that involved the central lobe at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico, between January 2017 and May 2020. Demographic and clinical variables of the patients at the time of diagnosis were collected as well as tumor morphological variables, surgical adjuncts, and clinical outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software.

Results:

A total of 28 patients were included in the study with 43% of patients having a motor deficit before surgery. The average EOR was 88.6%. Patients presented with worsening of their motor status in the immediate postoperative period in 21% of the cases, although most of the patients recovered within the 1st month of follow-up. After analyzing all variables, not having a presurgical motor deficit was a statistically significant risk factor for developing a new motor deficit in the immediate postoperative period (P: 0.02).

Conclusion:

A resective surgery for gliomas near or within the central lobe can be performed safely and a satisfactory motor outcome for patients can be achieved without sacrificing the EOR. An intact presurgical motor status is a risk factor for developing a new deficit after surgery.
Modeling of natural gas underground storage in a hydrated state in permafrost aquifers
Authors: РОЖИН И.И. , АРГУНОВА К.К.
Published: July 2022

В работе приведены результаты вычислительного эксперимента, направленного на получение критериев выбора геологических структур для создания подземного хранилища природного газа в гидратном состоянии в подмерзлотных водоносных горизонтах. Преимущества такого способа подземного хранения газа заключаются в большей компактности и стабильности хранилища, т.к. газ в гидратном состоянии занимает гораздо меньший объем, чем в свободном состоянии при тех же температуре и давлении. Представлена математическая модель закачки газа через одиночную скважину в горизонтальный водоносный пласт, в которой учтены все основные физические и термодинамические особенности процесса гидратообразования, в том числе сжимаемость газа, эффект Джоуля-Томсона, адиабатическое расширение, неизотермическая фильтрация воды и газа, массообмен между газом, водой и гидратом. С помощью этой модели оценивается динамика распределения гидратонасыщенности, водонасыщенности, давления и температуры в водоносном пласте при различных значениях интенсивности закачки газа и фильтрационно-емкостных свойств пласта. Кроме пористости и проницаемости выбранный пласт (истощенный газовый или водоносный) характеризуется начальными значениями давления, температуры и водонасыщенности. Варьируемыми параметрами являются пористость пласта и объемный расход нагнетаемого газа. Результаты расчетов показали, что для создания подземных хранилищ газа в гидратном состоянии следует выбирать водоносные горизонты в зависимости от их коллекторских свойств и гидродинамических характеристик. В дальнейших исследованиях необходимо оценить тепловое взаимодействие таких хранилищ с окружающими горными породами. Для этого предложенную математическую модель следует обобщить в двумерной постановке. Полученные результаты и математическая модель могут быть использованы при разработке научных основ технологии подземного хранения не только природного газа, но и попутного нефтяного газа, а также парниковых и токсичных газов в гидратном состоянии
Helical versus linear Jahn-Teller distortions in allene and spiropentadiene radical cations
Authors: Garner Marc H. , Laplaza Rubén , Corminboeuf Clemence
Published: July 2022

The allene radical cation can be stabilized both by Jahn-Teller distortion of the bond lengths and by torsion of the end-groups. However, only the latter happens and the allene radical cation relaxes into a twisted D2 symmetry structure with equal double-bond lengths. Here we revisit the Jahn- Teller distortion of allene and spiropentadiene by assessing the possible implications of their helical π-systems in the radical cations. We describe a general relation between the structure and the number of π-electrons in linear and spiroconjugated systems. Through constrained optimizations we compare the stabilization achieved by bond-length alternation and axial torsion in the radical cations, which we explain with a simple frontier molecular orbital (MO) picture. While structurally different, allene and spiropentadiene have similar helical frontier MOs. Both cations relax through torsion because the stabilization of their helical frontier MOs is bigger than that which can be achieved by linear π-conjugation. Electrohelicity thus manifests in molecular systems with partial occupation as a helical π-conjugation effect, which evidently provides more stabilization than its linear counterpart in terms of the Jahn-Teller distortion. This mechanism may be a driving factor for the relaxation in a range of spiroconjugated and linear cationic systems.
A comparative spectroscopic study revealing why the CO2 electroreduction selectivity switches from CO to HCOO- at Cu-Sn and Cu-In based catalysts
Authors: El-Nagar Gumaa , Yang Fan , Stojkovikj Sasho , Mebs Stefan , Gupta Siddharth , Ahmet Ibbi , Dau Holger , Mayer Matthew
Published: July 2022

To address the challenge of selectivity towards single product in Cu-catalyzed electrochemical CO2 reduction, one strategy is to incorporate a second metal with the goal of tuning catalytic activity via synergy effects. In particular, catalysts based on Cu modified with post-transition metals (Sn or In) are known to reduce CO2 selectively to either CO or HCOO- depending on their composition. However, it remains unclear exactly which factors induce this switch in reaction pathways, and whether these two related bimetal combinations follow similar general structure-activity trends. To investigate these questions systematically, Cu-In and Cu-Sn bimetallic catalysts were synthesized across a range of composition ratios and studied in detail. Compositional and morphological control was achieved via a simple electrochemical synthesis approach. A combination of operando and quasi in-situ spectroscopic techniques, including X-ray photoelectron, X-ray absorption, and Raman spectroscopy, were used to observe the dynamic behaviors of the catalysts’ surface structure, composition, speciation, and local environment during CO2 electrolysis. The two systems exhibited similar selectivity dependency on their surface composition. Cu-rich catalysts produce mainly CO, while Cu-poor catalysts were found to mainly produce HCOO-. Despite these similarities, the speciation of Sn and In at the surface differed from each other, and were found to be strongly dependent on the applied potential and the catalyst composition. For Cu-rich compositions optimized for CO production (Cu85In15 and Cu85Sn15), indium was present predominantly in reduced metallic form (In0), whereas tin mainly existed as an oxidized species (Sn2/4+). Meanwhile, for the HCOO--selective compositions (Cu25In75 and Cu40Sn60), the indium exclusively exhibited In0 regardless of the applied potential, while the tin resembles was reduced to metallic (Sn0) only at most negative applied potential, which corresponds to the best HCOO- selectivity. Furthermore, while Cu40Sn60 enhances HCOO- selectivity by inhibiting H2 evolution, Cu25In75 improves the HCOO- selectivity at the expense of CO production. Due to these differences, we contend that identical mechanisms cannot be used to explain the behavior of these two bimetallic systems (Cu-In and Cu-Sn). Operando surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurements provide direct evidence of the local alkalization and its impact on the dynamic transformation of oxidized Cu surface species (Cu2O/CuO) into a mixture of Cu(OH)2 and basic Cu carbonates (Cux(OH)y(CO3)y) rather than metallic Cu under CO2 electrolysis. This study provides novel insight into the origin of the switch in selectivity between CO and HCOO- pathways at Cu bimetallic catalysts and the nature of surface-active sites and key intermediates for both pathways.
Predicting Highly Enantioselective Catalysts Using Tunable Fragment Descriptors
Authors: Tsuji Nobuya , Sidorov Pavel , Zhu Chendan , Nagata Yuuya , Gimadiev Timur , Varnek Alexandre , List Benjamin
Published: July 2022

Catalyst optimization process is typically relying on an inductive and qualitative assumption of chemists based on screening data. While machine learning models using molecular properties or calculated 3D structures enable quantitative data evaluation, costly quantum chemical calculations are often required. In contrast, readily available binary fingerprint descriptors are time- and cost-efficient, but their predictive performance remains insufficient. Here, we describe a machine learning model based on fragment descriptors, which are fine-tuned for asymmetric catalysis and represent cyclic or polyaromatic hydrocarbons, enabling robust and efficient virtual screening. Using training data with only moderate selectivities, we designed theoretically and validated experimentally new catalysts showing higher selectivities in a previously unaddressed transformation.
Copper-Catalyzed Alkynylation of Hydrazides: An Easy Access to Functionalized Azadipeptides
Authors: Le Du Eliott , Borrel Julien , Waser Jerome
Published: July 2022

We report a copper-catalyzed alkynylation of azadipeptides using ethynylbenziodoxolone (EBX) reagents. Non-symmetrical ynehydrazides could be obtained in 25-97% yield using azaglycine derivatives as nucleophiles. The transfor-mation is compatible with most functional groups naturally occurring on amino acid side-chains and allows the transfer of silyl-, alkyl- and aryl-substituted alkynes. The obtained α-alkynyl azaglycine products could be further functionalized by nucleophilic attack or cycloaddition on the triple bond.
Iteroselectivity, the missing sibling of chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivities
Authors: Lavendomme Roy , Jabin Ivan
Published: July 2022

Iteroselectivity is the selectivity that governs the number of repeating chemical transformations on a substrate bearing multiple identical reactive functions or when the reactive function is regenerated like in the case of polymerization. This new concept of selectivity is defined and compared with the classical chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivities encountered in chemical synthesis. Examples of iteroselective reactions are given ranging from very common reactions such as electrophilic aromatic substitutions to advanced methods involving large supramolecular complexes.
Mutation of the Glc-2 Gene May Confer Dominant Ivermectin Resistance
Authors: Su Hong , Dent Joseph
Published: July 2022

Background: Ivermectin is a widely used anti-parasitic drug that binds to and activates glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls), giving it its nematocidal (nematode-killing) properties. Due to excessive use of ivermectin, frequent cases of resistance to this nematicide are being reported, suggesting that ivermectin is beginning to lose its efficacy. This project seeks to study whether a mutation of the glc-2 gene, which encodes for a β subunit of the GluCl channel, confers ivermectin resistance. We hypothesize that a glc-2 mutation achieves nematicide resistance by creating a defective GluCl channel that cannot bind to ivermectin.

Methods: We used classical genetics to obtain the desired mutants from stock worms. We then tested the worms for resistance profile using ivermectin sensitivity assays. Finally, we examined in vivo interactions by expressing relevant RNA in a heterologous system and performed electrophysiological recordings.

Results: We were able to demonstrate that presence of the defective glc-2 leads to increased resistance profiles when given the chance to associate with select GluClα subunits (e.g. AVR-15). We also demonstrated that co-injection of glc-2 and glc-3 compromises GluCl response to L-glutamate, a critical indicator of channel functionality.

Conclusion: Our results lend strong support to our hypothesis that glc-2 is able to interact with certain α subunits of GluCl to confer ivermectin resistance. This finding provides a framework for future dominant ivermectin resistance studies.
Cosmic Strings and The Origins of Globular Clusters
Authors: Barton Alistair , Lin Ling , Yamanouchi Shoma
Published: July 2022

Background: Globular clusters are galactic structures whose origin is not well understood. In this paper we propose that their origin may be found in the accretions formed around cosmic string loops.

Methods: To test this hypothesis we derived the mass distribution that would be associated with the ac- cretions and compared it to the observed mass distribution of globular clusters in our galaxy. Our derived distribution left us one free parameter (cosmic string tension) which we varied to optimize the ﬁt. Once optimized, we compared the shape of the distribution and the number density that our model predicted with empirical observations. Later, we derived how velocity effects would alter the shape of this distribution.

Results: We achieved signiﬁcant agreement between our model and observed values. Furthermore, the op- timal tension corresponds to particle physics theories that have not been ruled out. Our analysis further suggests that globular clusters form around slowly moving (< 3% the speed of light) cosmic string loops; any model with signiﬁcantly faster cosmic string loops would contradict our hypothesis.

Limitations: Our results were obtained by using numerous approximations (such as the Zel’dovich approx- imation) and thus should be treated as an order of magnitude estimation. Our data was also limited to observed globular clusters within the Milky Way, limiting our sample size to approximately 120 globular clusters.

Conclusions: We managed to obtain strong agreement between our model and observed globular clusters, suggesting that they may be seeded by cosmic string loops. This also serves to explain many other charac- teristics of globular clusters, such as age, density and location. The analyses used in this report can also be used when considering the formation of other accretion objects, such as ultra-compact-minihalos.