bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy control in the simulation model of airport baggage handling systems
Authors: Romanenko V A , Skorokhod M A , Guzha E D
Published: September 2020

The object of the research is the airport baggage handling system with a significant share of transfer passengers. It is proposed to include into the composition of simulation models used in solving problems of efficiency analysis and design of baggage handling systems, a fuzzy algorithm that simulates the strategy of a human operator who controls the process of pre-flight passenger service and baggage handling in the airport terminal. In practice, management ensures the economy of the airport resources, the ability to maneuver personnel and technical means in order to reduce the unproductive time spent on ground handling and improve its quality. An algorithm of fuzzy inference on a singleton rule base is described, which can be considered as a special case of the Mamdani algorithm. The results of solving problems of computer statistical modeling using a fuzzy control algorithm are presented, indicating the need to take into account the control of ground processes to increase the adequacy and accuracy of simulation models of baggage handling systems.
Intelligent analysis of complex innovative project prospects
Authors: Dli M I , Bulygina O V , Emelyanov A A , Selyavskiy Yu V
Published: September 2020

Today, the implementation of complex innovative projects to create mechanical engineering products is a priority area of state policy. The high technical complexity, the huge number of participants, the duration of the implementation of such projects require the use of effective decision support tools. However, the existing mathematical methods do not take into account this specificity. This leads to the need to develop a conceptually new approach to solving the scientific task. The article proposes a procedure for analyzing the prospects of implementing the complex innovative project based on an assessment of the innovative potential of its participants and the external environment. It is based on the integrated application of data mining methods (fuzzy Kalman filter, growing pyramidal networks, fuzzy logic algorithms) that allow solving various tasks of supporting project decisions.
Structural transformation in management of the enterprises of military-industrial complex
Authors: Ragozina M A , Anikina Yu A , Malanina Yu N , Yushmanova V A , Novoselsky N K
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the features of financing and the possibility of restructuring management of the military-industrial complex. With the improvement of weapons and military equipment, there is a need to rationalize the management bodies and increase military and economic efficiency. The work proposes a model of structural transformation in the management of the military-industrial complex and the possibility of integrated interaction of enterprises within the framework of finding a single entity. In addition, the paper considers the current economic situation of the military-industrial complex enterprises in the Krasnoyarsk region. The existence and effective functioning of the military-industrial complex is currently not only a guarantee of national security protection, but also the main generator of ideas and innovative solutions for the development of industrial production, which is one of the profit sources in the Russian Federation.
Development of a management system for the creation of radically new product
Authors: Yudin A V
Published: September 2020

The construction of the main subsystems of the management system for the creation of radically new products is based on the use of various economic instruments that are integrated into mechanisms for regulating the processes of creating new products and bringing them to the market. An effective intelligent software and analytical infrastructure accelerates management cycles and allows for increased competitiveness in a dynamic market environment and increased competition.
Interval regression models of a machine-building enterprise
Authors: Noskov S I , Vergasov A S , Zayanchukovskaya V O , Gluhov N I
Published: September 2020

The article discusses methods of interval regression analysis and their application in modeling. The object of the study was the reporting of the engineering company LLC Spetsstroymash (in a sixteen-year period). The results obtained are compared with traditional regression analogs such as the least squares method and the least modulus method.
Problems of development of mechanical engineering production in state companies
Authors: Yakovlev A Y
Published: September 2020

This article is devoted to areas of concern of mechanical engineering production in companies with the participation of the Russian Federation and Russian regions. The author revealed tools and algorithms for making decisions on the development of mechanical engineering production in state companies. The article also talks about sources of financing for development and innovation in production. Among state companies developing mechanical engineering production are JSC “Severnaya zarya”, JSC “Vladimirsky plant “Electropribor”, JSC “Chelyabinsk mechanical plant”, JSC “Special design bureau “Turbina” and JSC “United Shipbuilding Corporation”. The author analyzed why state companies don’t develop production. Among identified problems a significant negative impact is exerted by: the duration and excessive regulation of decision-making on modernization or another area; low level of initiative and motivation of members of management bodies and employees; disinterest of decision makers in the development of the company with state participation; distribution of powers of approval of development in the organization between various state executive bodies and a large number of officials; uncertainty about the future of the company. Lack of innovations leads to degradation of companies with state participation, financial and other loses for shareholders.
Control intellectualization of the induction soldering process for creating permanent joints
Authors: Tynchenko V S , Milov A V , Murygin A V , Kurashkin S O
Published: September 2020

The article presents the concept of the control intellectualization for the waveguide paths induction soldering process. This is a concept of the intelligent information system designed to support decision-making in control the technological process of creating permanent connections using induction heating in conditions of incomplete or unreliable information. The system should implement methods for assessing the reliability of information on process parameters, methods for estimating the magnitude of measuring tools errors and compensation methods for obtaining unreliable information, as well as methods for predicting the development of the technological process based on the analytical core of the expert system to generate a control action when measuring devices fail. The implementation of this concept will make it possible to recognize interference with measuring instruments and their failure for the further formation of sustainable process control of induction soldering.
Regeneration of information control systems
Authors: Matchin V T , Rogov A I , Tsvetkov V Ya
Published: September 2020

The research objective is to study the technology of regeneration of an information control system. The article elaborates on the concept of regeneration in relation to technical and information systems. It is shown that the quality of a modern control system is determined by the quality of software, technology and data. The difference between updating the components of an information control system and regeneration of these components is shown. The article also determines the conditions for the application of updating the information control system. There are determined the conditions of regeneration of the information system components. In addition, the authors provide mathematical models of updating and regeneration. It is proved that the regeneration of components solves the problem of complementarity of the information system components. Updating a component does not solve this problem.
Method of determining the danger coefficient of actions of the information security offender of APCs
Authors: Chernov D , Sychugov A
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the work is a formalized description of the method determining numerical expression of the danger from actions potentially implemented by an information security violator. The implementation of such actions may lead to a disruption of the ordered functioning of multilevel distributed automated process control systems, which indicates the importance of developing new adequate solutions for predicting attacks consequences. The analysis of the largest destructive effects on information security systems of critical objects is carried out. The most common methods of obtaining the value of the hazard quotient of information security violators’ destructive actions are considered. Based on the known methods for determining the possible damage from attacks implemented by a potential information security violator, a new, previously undetected in open sources method for determining the hazard quotient of destructive actions of an information security violator has been proposed. In order to carry out experimental calculations by the proposed method, the authors developed the required software. The calculations results are presented and indicate the possibility of using the proposed method for modeling threats and information security violators when designing an information security system for automated process control systems.
Operation algorithms and application of functional converters modulating voltage for generation of precision radio signals with angular modulation
Authors: Sherstukov S A , Buravtsova A N , Tolstykh D S , Pechnikov S S
Published: September 2020

The article presents a synthesis of algorithms and structures of functional converters modulating voltage for their use as part of quadrature radio signal generators with angular modulation. The study is an alternative method for suppressing spurious amplitude modulation and spurious phase modulation, using controlled spectrum expansion using functional converters modulating voltage. The main requirement for functional converters is the accuracy of representation of the modulating voltage in nonlinear converters by a limited number of terms of Taylor series decompositions that depend on the implemented modulation index. Functional conversion accuracy analysis, spectral analysis and technical implementation of functional converters by table method on the basis of analogue-to-digital converter, permanent memory device and digital-to-analog converter in mode of generation of phase modulation index equal to π are performed.
On improving indicators for assessing the decision support systems’ software quality
Authors: Tikhanychev O V
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the applied software quality assessing issues. The work relevance is determined by the fact that currently, in the normative documents there is a list of the main characteristics assessing the application programs quality, which, as shown, is not fully fit for purpose, providing no quality control and compliance testing programs to customer requirements, formulated in the development task. One of the reasons for the current situation is the systems’ quality evaluating exclusively quantitative indicators impossibility that combines both technical means and a human operator. An attempt to use world practice, for example, relatively successful quality models from the ISO/IEC 25000: 2014 standards have not yet been implemented: the model itself is allowed for use by regulatory documents (GOST R ISO/IEC 25010-2015), but the quality indicators described in it are not accepted. Private improvements to existing methods do not solve the problem systematically. In the article, based on the software existing approaches to assessing the quality analysis, a scientific and practical problem’s formulation is formulated and one of the approaches to its solution is proposed, based on the existing methods’ refinement for assessing quality based on the model described in GOST R ISO/IEC 25010, taking into account real users needs, interpreted through reducing the errors’ likelihood of the first and second kind that arise when using the software. The formulated problem solution will provide a general increase in the automated control effectiveness through the use of the quantitative and qualitative assessments of the software being developed
The micro-architectures co-design of neuroprocessing cyber-physical systems
Authors: Ruchkin Vladimir , Kostrov Boris , Ruchkina Ekaterina
Published: September 2020

The importance of modern mobile cyber-physical Systems is determined by their wide range of application. Cyber-physical Systems cover almost all socially significant sectors of industry, economy, social systems: smart healthcare, smart home, smart city, smart government. The economic and social importance of mobile cyber-physical systems is very high and is rapidly increasing. However, design, creation and implementation of cyber-physical systems is accompanied by various challenges: unusual complexity and ultra-high demands, application parallelism and heterogeneity, distribution of intelligence, computing resources, services and workloads in the IoT hierarchical. Thus, modern complex applications require ultra-high performance and / or ultra-low power consumption. Therefore, to obtain ultra-high throughput and ultra-low power consumption, the authors propose using heterogeneous computing platforms, designing processors with parallel microarchitecture processors using various types of parallelism and application-specific parallel equipment.
Technological aspects of the communication channels development for data transmission in the aircraft monitoring system
Authors: Kovalev I V , Andronov A S , Testoyedov N A , Karaseva M V , Shatrov A K , Bartenev V A
Published: September 2020

The article demonstrates that the Iridium satellite constellation is of the greatest interest for the organization of data transmission in the aircraft monitoring system, since it provides a stable connection between the aircraft and the control center. In this regard, additional interfaces are also provided to facilitate user access for some data transmission services in the Iridium system. It is found that, it is necessary to use a hardware-software complex when operating Iridium satellite communications. It allows displaying information on the aircraft location on the screen, as well as information from the object’s sensors. The authors propose an automated system for monitoring mobile and stationary objects “Navigator-S” as a basic version of such a hardware-software complex. At the same time, information is transmitted over the GSM channel monitoring the location of the aircraft and the state of the contact and parametric sensors.
Software and algorithmic support of the electron-beam welding system
Authors: Tynchenko V S , Petrenko V E , Murygin A V , Kurashkin S O
Published: September 2020

In this research presents results of the software and algorithmic support development for an automated system of the electron-beam welding. The article describes the basic algorithms of the software, their purpose and implementation. The structure of the software system is given, as well as the results of its testing. The results of the study - developed software and algorithmic support - can be used in conjunction with electron-beam equipment to control the process of electron-beam welding, allowing the setting, maintenance and display of the main technological parameters of the process, as well as process control in automatic mode.
Mathematical problem in the construction of kinetic equations of alternative fuel oxidation in an internal combustion engine
Authors: Lopatin O P
Published: September 2020

In this paper, when solving problems of non-equilibrium gas dynamics, the source terms associated with the presence of physical and chemical transformations are taken into account, primarily in the mass balance equations. Based on the method of splitting by physical processes, a computational scheme is constructed in which the influence of the chemical source is taken into account separately from other terms included in the laws of mass conservation of the components of the mixture. This ensures the independence of the formulation of the accepted kinetic problem. Naturally, in a number of cases, the solution of a chemical-kinetic problem can have independent significance. The independence of the formulation of the “purely” chemical-kinetic problem is, however, very relative, since the basic conservation laws of the hydrodynamic model of a reacting continuous medium are a system of strongly coupled equations. For this reason, the chemical-kinetic problem is consistently formulated only for the spatially homogeneous case.
Modeling of nitrogen oxides formation in a diesel
Authors: Kopchikov V N , Fominykh A V
Published: September 2020

Mathematical modeling is an integral part of any scientific and technical research. In the modern world, it is necessary to improve computer technology, calculation methods and programs in order to improve a particular technology. The article offers a mathematical model of formation and decomposition of nitrogen oxides in the engine cylinder and at the time of opening the exhaust valve. The research object was a two-cylinder four-stroke air-cooled diesel engine D-21 running on methyl alcohol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil. These fuels are renewable and differ significantly in their chemical properties from petroleum diesel fuel. Owing to this, their use significantly reduces the emissions of toxic agents such as nitrogen oxides and soot. Theoretical studies have shown high convergence with the data obtained as a result of bench tests.
Theoretical research on electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma
Authors: Kudinov I V , Eremin A V , Kudinov V A , Mikheeva G V
Published: September 2020

Electromagnetic oscillations in plasma contained in a rectangular channel were studied using the exact analytical solution of the Klein–Gordon relativistic equation obtained during the research. It has been shown that the oscillations occur at the same frequency at various points in the plasma. The coalescence of frequencies at these points in the plasma is evidence that the plasma oscillations are self-consistent. Research shows that the phase velocity depends on the wavelength (frequency). Therefore, plasma is a dispersion medium for electromagnetic waves, which is explained by its own internal and external scales of space and time. The obtained solution may be used to research the electron density in plasma by analyzing the conditions of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma, e.g., when the wave is not fully reflected. Using experimentally obtained conditions of full reflection, it is possible to find the plasma frequency and the electron density in the plasma.
Chaotic modes of a non-linear fractional oscillator
Authors: Parovik R I
Published: September 2020

A non-linear fractional oscillator is a generalization of a classical non-linear oscillator in consideration of the hereditary or the memory effect. The memory effect is a property of a dynamic system in which its current state depends on a finite number of its previous states. Therefore, a non-linear fractional oscillator can be mathematically described using integro-differential equations with difference kernels or fractional order derivatives. In this paper, a fractional non-linear oscillator has been investigated to identify chaotic oscillatory modes. The quantitative measure of chaotic regimes is the largest (maximal) Lyapunov exponents. For calculating the maximal Lyapunov exponents, the Wolff algorithm based on the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure has been selected, using both numerical solution for an initial fractional dynamical system by using variational equations. The Wolff algorithm also makes it possible to plot the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents as a function of control parameters for the initial dynamical system. It has been shown that some spectra of Lyapunov exponents contain positive values indicating the existence of chaotic modes, which are also confirmed by the corresponding phase trajectories.
Mathematical justification of the mechanism of dust deposition by electrofilters for improving working conditions of poultry farm workers
Authors: Chepelev N I , Cherkasova N G
Published: September 2020

The aim of the research is to reduce the concentration of dust in poultry houses by means of dust deposition by means of electrostatic precipitators. The objectives of the study include ensuring the improvement of working conditions for workers in poultry farms by reducing the dust content of the air; analysis of methods of air purification from industrial dust in poultry buildings; proposing the most effective way to clean the air from industrial dust in poultry buildings based on the analysis of existing methods and technical means. Analysis of the existing methods and technical means for cleaning the air environment of production facilities in poultry farming revealed that the most effective devices for reducing dust levels are electrostatic precipitators based on the action of corona discharge. But currently patented electrostatic precipitators have a limited scope. This is due to the fact that electrostatic precipitators provide high efficiency of dust removal with significant overall dimensions of these devices. The technical solution to this problem is the use of cylindrical multisection electrostatic precipitators, in which all corona and collecting electrodes have the shape of a cylinder and are arranged radially, alternately following one after the other. As practical results have shown, this design cleans significant volumes of air in a better quality, without the need for reconstruction of technological equipment, expansion of production areas and freeing up additional space.
Laser shock processing of metal surfaces with cracks
Authors: Sakhvadze G Zh , Pugachev M S
Published: September 2020

The article considers the application of the technology of laser shock processing surface treatment as a way to increase the fatigue properties of products. A numerical model based on the finite element method and analysis of the stress intensity factor is proposed, which makes it possible to assess the effect of treatment on crack propagation, as well as to determine the optimal technological modes. Studies were carried out that confirmed the adequacy of the proposed numerical model. The optimal technological modes of processing have been determined, which make it possible to create high compressive residual stresses that increase the crack resistance of the metal with a crack. It was found that for a linear crack, the treatment area should cover the maximum possible crack area; for a V-shaped crack, the treatment should be carried out at a distance of 2 mm from the crack tip to exclude the appearance of tensile residual stresses along the crack propagation path.
Modular-geometric approach to modeling a complex shape surface
Authors: Belkin E A , Poyarkov V N , Markov O I
Published: September 2020

A modular-geometric approach has been developed. The surface of a complex shape is structured on the basis of the modular principle; the methods of structuring are determined by the problems of the theory of shaping. The modular-geometric approach used to solve these problems consists in approximating a local area of the surface with a contiguous paraboloid. The Riemann-Christoffel tensor is a geometric characteristic for estimating the curvature of a local section. Similarly, the working surfaces of the gas turbine blade and the micro relief of the surface layer are structured. A three-dimensional geometric model of the blade is represented as a superposition of the blade geometry and its micro relief. The geometric characteristics necessary for calculating the 3D model of the blade are determined on the installation of holographic control.
Application of DEA models in efficiency evaluation of the KAMAZ vehicle robotic system
Authors: Susarev S V , Orlov S P
Published: September 2020

The problem of evaluating the effectiveness of a robotic system of agricultural vehicles is described. A robotic system is considered, including robotic chassis for fieldwork, for transporting goods in the territories of agrarian production and specialized cars. An important task is to evaluate the reliability of robotic vehicles during the operation. A model-oriented approach to monitoring and analyzing the technical condition of the vehicle is proposed. The data envelopment analysis technique is used with the solution of a non-parametric linear programming problem. The selection of input and output parameters of a model of a robotic vehicle is described. The mathematical formulation of the linear programming problem by the integral criterion for the functioning of a robotic car in different periods is given. The results of the experimental studies are presented. The application of the data envelopment analysis allows determining the vehicle parameter’s target changes. The results will be used in the decision-making system for the operation and maintenance of KAMAZ agricultural vehicles.
Environmental engineering approach for ecologization of plant protection systems
Authors: Apazhev A K , Berbekov V N , Shekikhachev Y A , Hazhmetov L M , Bakuev G H , Shekikhacheva L Z
Published: September 2020

The need for environmentally friendly products is growing every year. In 2018, a law was adopted. And a program for growing organic apple fruits is now being developed. Obtaining such products without the use of pesticides or with a minimum amount of them is possible by replacing chemical insecticides with biological ones and / or using non-chemical measures to combat insects, in particular, since insecticides are the most toxic component of the general system of apple protection from a complex of harmful organisms. The use of various biological agents, along with protecting the environment and human health, ensures high technical and economic efficiency. To protect orchards from pests, diseases and weeds, spraying is carried out 20 … 22 times during a season. The level of pesticide load is quite high, which is a factor of not only environmental but also economic stress. Due to the peculiarities of the relief in the North Caucasus, the gardens are in close proximity to settlements, resorts and health resorts, in the vicinity of protected and resort areas. Therefore, the issues of safety of any production, relevant on a global scale, arise in this territory with particular urgency. In this regard, this article presents the results of using elements of organic agriculture in horticulture to obtain environmentally friendly fruit products in the conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus region.
Features of the development of fuel flares when running diesel on alcohol
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P
Published: September 2020

To get a controlled combustion in a diesel engine with a hemispherical combustion chamber with a smooth increase in pressure, determined by the law of fuel supply, you can use the so-called step injection, when first a small portion of fuel is supplied, and then the main mass of fuel. A variation of the step injection process can be considered a process using an additional fuel supply system. In this case, you can use two fuels: the main and the igniter. The main fuel in our case is ethyl alcohol, and the ignition fuel is diesel fuel (DF). The ignition portion is necessary for the pre-ignition reactions and initiation of the process of ignition and combustion fuels in the diesel cylinder (DC). Also, the use of ignited DF is necessary because of the low ability of ethanol to self-ignite during compression.
Investigation of alternative fuel oxidation kinetics in an internal combustion engine
Authors: Lopatin O P
Published: September 2020

Analysis of chemical transformations of mixtures of hydrocarbon fuels with air under non-isothermal conditions is complicated by the complexity of the chemical mechanism, which leads to the necessity of taking into account large (more than two) number of “elementary” stages between the scores of the individual components of the mixture, and higher order nonlinearities of the system and the degree of “stiffness” because of the strong dependence of the coefficients of reaction speed on temperature. The paper attempts to use a partial change in the strategy of changing the order of accuracy of the method along with changes, which made it possible to conduct calculations in near-equilibrium conditions with an increased order of accuracy. Methods of informal reduction of complexity of chemical systems are proposed, since the transition to systems that “break through” their complexity is inevitable.
Method of calculating the working process of the engine when working on methanol
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P
Published: September 2020

Energy methods for calculating the combustion process, based on determining the rate of fuel burn-out using experimental coefficients and allowing to obtain, at best, a calculated indicator diagram of the pressure in the engine cylinder, have gained a certain popularity. However, the composition and thermodynamic parameters of the combustion products are not determined. The paper presents thermodynamic calculations of the combustion process, which also allow determining the equilibrium composition of combustion products for any given conditions (mixture composition, fuel composition, temperature and pressure), taking into account dissociation. The calculation of equilibrium concentrations makes it possible to assess the influence of certain factors on the composition of combustion products. The method for calculating the equilibrium compositions of combustion products of hydrocarbon fuels of theCnHm=1 structure is taken as a basis, with additions that allow performing calculations for fuels of the elementary compositionC+H+O+N=1. Elementary composition for methanol:C=0.375;H=0.125;O=0.5;N=0.
Determination the capacity of low volume mixers for processing liquid environment
Authors: Boev E V , Afanasenko V G , Boeva N I
Published: September 2020

The current state of science and technology requires an increase in the productivity of chemical and oil refining enterprises without increasing the overall dimensions of the main technological equipment, as well as the development of fundamentally new devices capable of intensifying the main heat and mass exchange processes. At the same time, new technological equipment in order to ensure energy-saving operating modes needs to determine dependence of design parameters of the apparatus and properties of the processed medium on power consumption.
Efficiency of diesel operation on biofuels
Authors: Likhanov V A , Fominykh A V , Kopchikov V N
Published: September 2020

Hazardous emissions into the atmosphere by internal combustion engines have been growing from year to year. In addition, constantly rising prices for oil negatively affect the world economy. It is possible to solve these problems by different ways; one of them is by using biofuels. New alternative fuels are able to ensure energy independence and diminish toxic exhaust emissions significantly. The article considers the issues related to the use of alternative non-petroleum fuels, their influence on diesel operation, economic and environmental performance. The object of the study is a two-cylinder diesel engine D-21, which was simultaneously fed with methyl alcohol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil. Such supply of fuels to the cylinders was carried out using a dual fuel system. The research has shown that the power of the engine operating on biofuels remains at the same level. The volumetric efficiency and the effective efficiency increase under high load conditions. Besides, such toxic agents as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot (C) decreased considerably, by 47.4% and 10.42 times respectively.
Environmental performance of biofuel engine
Authors: Likhanov V A , Fominykh A V , Kopchikov V N
Published: September 2020

One of the major challenges facing the scientists throughout the globe is searching for alternative kinds of fuels. Investigating new fuels it is necessary to assess power and economic characteristics of an engine as well as its environmental performance. It must be done to improve both - the structural design of the internal combustion engine and alternative fuels themselves not to endamage the ecosphere. The paper below presents the data on the bench tests performed on a diesel engine D-21 operated on biofuel and its effects on exhaust emissions of such substances as nitrogen oxides, soot, total hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Methyl ether of rapeseed oil was used as the igniter fuel, and the major fuel was methyl alcohol. Simultaneous supply of alternative fuels was carried out by a dual fuel supply system. The obtained data revealed a significant ecological advantage of using alternative fuels over traditional petroleum fuels. At the same time, the power characteristics did not change, but there was an increase in biofuel consumption.
Methanol as the main substitute for petroleum fuels
Authors: Fominykh A V
Published: September 2020

Among the known alternative fuels, alcohols, primarily methyl and ethyl, are of the greatest interest as a mass promising fuel. The prospect of using them as alternative fuels is determined mainly by the availability of raw materials. Methanol in this respect is more preferable, since the basis for its production can be natural gas, coal, shale, natural carbonates, various wastes, etc. In addition, well-established production technology and acceptable technical and economic indicators are important. Currently, methanol is obtained mainly from natural gas, and given the significant reserves of solid fuels, it is promising to obtain it from coal. Potential raw materials for expanding the production of methanol can also serve as associated and waste gases of metallurgical and Ferroalloy production, natural carbonates, and in the future, it is possible to use carbon dioxide from the air. The article presents the main methods of methanol production.
Calculated studies of the influence of the composition of biofuels on the formation of indicator efficiency
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A
Published: September 2020

This article discusses computational studies on the formation of an indicator efficiency factor of a diesel engine operating on mixtures of methyl ester of rapeseed oil and ethanol. The internal heat balance is considered, which shows how the working fluid in the engine cylinder exchanges heat with the environment. An assessment of the effect of fuel composition on the factors of heat non-use in the cycle is presented. A computational study was carried out. The calculations were made for the nominal mode. The main condition for the calculation was the introduction of the same amount of heat in the cycle and the constant law of heat generation for different types of fuels.
Stimulating tariff formation models for reactive power flows and electricity quality control
Authors: Kuznetsov A V , Chikin V V
Published: September 2020

It is shown that up to the present time, an effective, operating, efficient model of reactive power flow and power quality control has not been created in Russia. It is necessary to sharpen attention to the problem. It is necessary to analyze the state of the problem. To try to find out the reasons. Give suggestions. Involve specialists in its discussion. The main reason for the lack of a workable model is legal barriers to its implementation in practice. The criterion for legitimacy of application of incentive tariffs in the form of discounts (surcharges) may be equality of income of the energy supplying organization from application of economically justified tariff and income from application of incentive tariff. Known proposals in the form of mathematical expressions for calculation of discounts (surcharges) to the tariff require changes to existing regulatory and legal documents, which are not related to the methods of calculation of surcharges (discounts). What complicates the process of their implementation. The proposed model of formation of the incentive tariff with the use of a single approach to calculation of discounts (surcharges) both in case of power quality and in case of consumption of reactive power, does not require changes in the documents not related to the methods of calculation of discounts (surcharges) and differs in compliance with the criterion of legitimacy of their application.
Analysis of the operation of the diesel engine on rapeseed oil
Authors: Anfilatov A A
Published: September 2020

A comparative study of the working process of a rapeseed oil diesel engine for split fuel equipment and Common Rail equipment was carried out. The indicators of the working process, the parameters of heat emission and toxicity of the exhaust gases are given, the analysis of the indicator efficiency is carried out and the perspective of the use of the pilot portion in the fuel equipment of the Common Rail type is shown. One of the ways to improve the performance of diesel engines is to reduce the heterogeneity of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber and the use of vegetable fuels, which include vegetable oils.
Beneficial use of thermal secondary energy resources in the rectification cycle at ethylene glycol production unit
Authors: Balzamov D S , Balzamova E Yu , Bronskaya V V , Rybkina E A , Kharitonova O S
Published: September 2020

Efficient use of secondary energy resources at the oil and gas chemical industry plants affects the final cost of the products. One of the energy-intensive cycles in organic production is the rectification process, which is accompanied by a high yield of thermal secondary energy resources. The energy intensity of the process is associated with the need to evaporate one of the mixture components while consuming at least the vapourization heat. There is the option of organization of technical solution of useful use of thermal energy of condensate after the rectification cycle for the purpose of heating the reaction mixture at the article.
Environmental indicators of harmful emissions when working on mixed biofuels
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A
Published: September 2020

This article presents the comparative environmental characteristics of diesel exhaust gases when running on biofuels and diesel fuel, which shows that the effect of using biofuels depends on the design features of the diesel motor and its operating mode, as well as on the properties of biofuels. Mixed fuels are obtained by mixing ethanol and vegetable oil. Both components are mixed with each other in any proportions without chemical reactions. The aggressiveness of the obtained mixed fuels on the surrounding nature is mainly determined by the amount of fuel contained in it.
Studying of properties of low-viscous fuel oil for the purpose of its utilization
Authors: Daminev R R , Islamutdinova A A , Ovsyannikova I V
Published: September 2020

In 2018 at General Chemical Technology department physical and chemical indicators of a sample of fuel “inveterate” oil of M100 brand for the purpose of its utilization were studied. By results of a research the studied fuel oil does not correspond to state standard specification 10585-99 on an indicator as “a mass fraction of water“. Using the existing technologies of upclassing of fuel oil, physical and chemical characteristics of a sample improved, the content of water decreased more than by 50,0 %, the kinematic viscosity was 38,0 mm2 / with, the received fuel oil corresponds to state standard specification 10585-2013 on all indicators for M100 brand that allows to use it as secondary fuel.
Justification of methods for reducing ground-level gas pollution from operating aircraft engines
Authors: Zvyagintseva A V , Sazonova S A , Kulneva V V , Panteleev I N
Published: September 2020

A detailed narrow-minded survey was carried out on one of the three zones of the technological infrastructure of a specialized facility - a hangar for aircraft. A general list of pollutants discharged into the air zone of the facility on the 2nd site with differentiation into 4 sections with eruption generators is established. It has been recorded that environmental indicators of air pollution do not exceed the norms of maximum permissible emissions and maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances. It was noted that for one ingredient NO2, an analytical assessment indicates a certain excess of the MPC for the energy and test section of the special facility and additional procedures are needed to protect the atmospheric air. The techniques and procedures of the organizational and technical regulations that minimize the accumulation of contaminants (gases) of functioning aircraft engines are analyzed and recommended. A method is proposed for reducing surface gas pollution from operating aircraft engines based on an analysis of environmental protection measures at specialized facilities. The method is based on variations in the orientation of the outflow of gas flows from functioning aircraft engines during launch, taxiing, takeoff, landing, passage of an aircraft along the airfield.
Recycling of polymer materials for foundry patterns
Authors: Sukhorukov D , Kreshchik A , Sharshin V , Sukhorukova E
Published: September 2020

The paper presents the results of studies on the recycling of waste polymer materials foundry, in particular the analysis of the solubility of polymer plates RAKU-TOOL, used for the manufacture of foundry pattern equipment. It has been found that RAKU-TOOL WB-1404 undergoes dissolution in toluene and acetic acid and swells noticeably in nitric acid. RAKU-TOOL MB-0720 reacts with acids and xylene, but does not react with toluene. RAKU-TOOL WB-1000 reacts noticeably only with nitric acid and does not react with toluene or xylene. The results obtained can be used for further processing and return to the production of model equipment, or to other industrial products for machine-building or household purposes.
Structure of electric power generation from different resources in Russia
Authors: Kernitskii V N , Kukartsev V V , Shalaeva D S , Semenova E I , Bashmur K A , Apanasenko S V
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the research of the structure of electricity generation by different resources on the territory of Russia. The article describes the impact of the development of the energy industry on the economy and welfare of the country as a whole. The types of energy resources needed for generating various types of energy are considered. An overview of the current state of Russia’s energy balance is performed. Also considered is the degree of use in the fuel and energy complex of both non-renewable energy sources, which are traditional energy, and renewable sources that develop the direction of alternative energy, which aims to reduce the harmful impact on the environment. The analysis of the use of energy resources directly in the manufacture of electricity identified the share of use of each type of energy resource and comparison performed a number of advantages and disadvantages in the use of these resources.
Ecological and economic evaluation of development technology of Kumuhsky deposit of thermal waters
Authors: Dzhavatov D K , Azizov A A
Published: September 2020

An ecological and economic assessment of the Kumukh thermal water field development based on a binary geothermal power plant was carried out. To show the prospects and the possibility of increasing the energy efficiency of a binary geothermal power plant at different temperatures of the injected coolant. Using a specific thermal water field as an example, the primary circuit technological parameters of a geothermal power plant were optimized, and its energy efficiency was evaluated in subcritical and supercritical organic Rankine cycles. It is shown that optimization allows to significantly improve the efficiency of energy cycles in the field, and the utilization of low-potential energy of spent brines in heat pump plants allows saving substitute fossil fuels. The analysis shows that the creation of integrated technologies for the field high-potential mineralized geothermal resources’ development will significantly improve the region’s economic structure and environmental situation. The creation of a binary geothermal power station at the Kumukh thermal water field will allow obtaining relatively cheap, environmentally-friendly electric energy with a capacity of up to 15 MW, and 2-3 MW of usable thermal power in heat pump installations, with an annual output of 135 · 106 kW · h of electric energy (more than 350 million rubles/year) and the annual savings of replacement fossil fuel more than 4000 tif. in a year.
Method vertical seismic profiling and evaluation of producibility of Miocene deposits in Hovsan oilfield
Authors: Ahmadov T R , Amirov A M
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis and interpretation of the VSP data (vertical seismic profiling) obtained in two wells of the Hovsan field. It gives information about the history of the study, the geological and geophysical characteristics of the field and the seismic surveys by the VSP method conducted here in 2010 and 2014 in the wells of 1856 and 1867, respectively. The main parameters of the VSP wells are briefly described and the quality of the seismic material is characterized. Analysis of the velocity obtained from the VSP and Sonic Log acquired in investigated wells shows that after a significant increase in the values of the interval velocities to 4500-4700 m / s at depths of 3600-3800 m, a sharp decrease is observed in their values to ~ 2000 m / s at depths of ~ 5150 m, which corresponds to the speed at a depth of 1000 m. This is confirmed by the seismic inversion of the VSP data. The interval of a sharp decrease in the velocities of seismic waves corresponds to the deposits of the Miocene. This clearly indicates the presence of abnormally high pore pressure in this oilfield, associated with fluid accumulations, which is of great practical interest.
The mechanical mounder technological parameters justification
Authors: Tsypouk A M , Rodionov A V , Pekki L P
Published: September 2020

For intensive reforestation, machines should be used that will not only reduce the time and labour required for artificial reforestation, but also reduce the need for subsequent young stand treatment (early tending and early pre-commercial thinning). These machines include machines for creating the humus mounds with mineral soil cover - for example a domestic rotary tool ORM-1.5 or its foreign counterparts - a two-row mounder of the Bracke M24.a type and a three-row mounder of the Bracke M36.b type. Petrozavodsk State University (PetrSU) has developed the design of a new two-row forestry machine for creating humus mounds with mineral soil cover - the mechanical mounder MK-2 (RF patent No. 141061, IPC A01G 23/00). The paper discusses the methodology for calculating the main technological parameters of the MK-2 mechanical mounder machine: the mounder machine rotors angular velocity, the mounds and depressions parameters formed by the mounder rotors (height, depth and length); the gear ratio between the power take-off shaft of the tractor and the mounder rotors’ value. The calculations established that the main design parameter of mounder MK-2 – the rotor rotation speed – must be four times less than the forestry unit translational speed (tractor + mounder) to achieve a common step in the mounds preparation about 1.2 m. The developed machine further studies (the MK-2 mounder) are recommended in the following directions: the MK-2 mounder design parameters refinement based on the testing prototype results in the field; technology development for the MK-2 mounder rational use for reforestation.