bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MEDIA TEKS BERJALAN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA TEKS BERITA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 7 PADANG
Authors: Fauzia Syifa , Afnita Afnita
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam keterampilan membaca teks berita pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Padang. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh keterampilan membaca teks berita menggunakan media dibandingkan tidak menggunakan media. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode eksperimen. Dalam penelitian ini, metode eksperimen digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh media teks berjalan terhadap keterampilan membaca teks berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Padang. Media yang digunakan seharusnya sesuai dengan karakteristik materi pelajaran dan diarahkan pada proses pembelajaran yang dipusatkan pada siswa sehingga prestasi siswa dapat meningkat. Salah satu media pembelajaran yang menunjang di dalam pembelajaran membacakan berita adalah dengan menggunakan media teks berjalan. Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu adanya pengaruh pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media teks berjalan dalam keterampilan membaca teks berita siswa di kelas VIII-H SMP Negeri 7 Padang. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan nilai siswa pada waktu pretest total nilai 1.595 dan nilai rata-rata adalah 69,35. Setelah menggunakan media teks berjalan dalam proses belajar di kelas ini, didapat peningkatan hasil pembelajaran siswa pada waktu postest dengan total nilai 1.865 dan nilai rata-rata 81,01.
ASPEK PATRIOTISME DAN RELIGIUS NOVEL SEBELAS PATRIOT KARYA ANDREA HIRATA
Authors: Marwanto Marwanto
Published: October 2021

Andrea Hirata seorang novelis Indonesia paling fenomenal, menghadirkan Sebelas Patriot sebagai novel ketujuhnya dalam bahasa Indonesia. �Ikal berusaha dan bertekad untuk menjadi tim nasional junior PSSI, agar bisa membahagiakan ayahnya, tetapi cita-citanya itu tidak berhasil ia lakukan. Ia sedih dan putus asa, beruntunglah ayahnya memberikan semangat dan agar tetap berjiwa besar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendiskripsikan Aspek Patriotisme dan Religius Novel Sebelas Patriot Karya Andrea Hirata. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian sosiologi sastra dan Implementasinya sebagai bahan ajar di Perguruan Tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dan strategi penelitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian terpancang dan studi kasus tunggal atau embedded and case study. Dalam penelitian ini Ikal digambarkan sebagai seorang anak yang patriot atau pantang menyerah dalam menggapai mimpi-mimpinya dan juga religius dalam kesehariannya. Hasil penelitian ini dijabarkan menggunakan dua aspek yaitu aspek patriotisme dan aspek religius. Aspek patriotisme dijelaskan menggunakan penjabaran dari patriotisme yang meliputi sikap berani, pantang menyerah, dan rela berkorban. Sementara aspek religius diuraikan dengan aqidah, syariah, dan akhlak. Novel Sebelas Patriot mengajarkan materi tentang sastra, gaya bahasa, dan diksi dalam implementasi pembelajarannya.
ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE PADA TUTURAN FILM PENDEK �KTP� OLEH BALAI PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA TELEVISI PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN (BPMPT) DAN RELEVANSINYA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Dewi Nadia Cintya , Setiana Leli Nisfi , Azizah Aida
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini mengenai alih kode dan campur kode pada film pendek �KTP� oleh BPMPT dan merelevansikannya pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA dengan media video. Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah wujud alih kode dan campur kode dalam film pendek �KTP� oleh BPMPT serta relevansinya pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa tuturan tokoh dalam film pendek �KTP�, sedangkan sumber data diambil dari video film pendek �KTP� yang berdurasi 15 menit 32 detik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan� yaitu teknik simak bebas libat cakap kemudian teknik catat.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang diperoleh maka dapat menghasilkan penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, bentuk alih kode dan campur kode pada tuturan film pendek �KTP� oleh BPMPT yaitu terdapat 3 alih kode yaitu dari bahasa Indonesia ke bahasa Jawa dan 25 campur kode dari bahasa Indonesia ke bahasa Jawa dan Inggris.. Kedua, Relevansi film pendek �KTP� oleh BPMPT dinyatakan relevan terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA kelas X semester 1 dengan KD 4.2 yaitu Mengonstruksi teks laporan hasil observasi dengan memerhatikan isi dan aspek kebahasaan. Relevansi tersebut bisa dijadikan sebagai bahan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA dengan media video (audio dan visual).
¿Cuáles son las virtudes morales para ser una buena trabajadora social? Aproximación de la ethica cordis de Adela Cortina al Trabajo Social
Authors: Idareta-Goldaracena Francisco
Published: October 2021

Según algunos estudios experimentales realizados en España (Martín, 2011; De la Red et al., 2018), las y los trabajadores sociales conocen el código deontológico, pero no lo utilizan. En este sentido, Banks (2021) señala que la ética de las virtudes puede ser universalmente más aceptable que el enfoque actualmente predominante basado en los principios y derechos. ¿Podrían las virtudes solucionar el desfase existente entre las declaraciones y las realizaciones de las trabajadoras sociales? Frente a la incoherencia existente entre la moral pensada y la moral vivida, Adela Cortina plantea la ethica cordis, a través de la cual traslada la importancia de cultivar las virtudes morales. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en explicar brevemente la contribución de Adela Cortina, en una primera parte, y aproximarla al Trabajo Social en la segunda. Se ha utilizado una metodología histórico-sistemática. La novedad de este artículo radica en que es la primera vez que se realiza la aproximación de la contribución de Adela Cortina al Trabajo Social y que se plantea la necesidad de un debate interno en la profesión en torno al sentido y significado que deberían tener en España las virtudes morales que conforman su identidad.
THE COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM AT THE TOURIST VILLAGE IN THE LOCAL PEOPLE’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   State Polytechnic of Bali, Tourism Department, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali, 80361, Indonesia, OKA I Made Darma , MURNI Ni Gst Nym Suci ,   State Polytechnic of Bali, Tourism Department, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali, 80361, Indonesia, MECHA I Putu Sudhyana ,   State Polytechnic of Banyuwangi, Tourism Department, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the implementation of community-based tourism (CBT) at the tourist village in the local people’s perspective. The data were collected through observation, interview and library research. The key informant was local community who understands implementation of CBT at tourist village, with total 200 respondents. The result shows that the CBT has been well implemented at tourist village. The community perceives that, among the 20 statements mentioned in questionnaire, 2 items show that the local people’s perception is very good and 18 is good, meaning that CBT have economically, socially, culturally, environmentally, and politically contributed to them. The test result of the CFA shows that 5 factors have significantly contributed to the implementation of the CBT at tourist village. The result of each variable shows that 19 variables have contributed significantly, only one has not significantly contributed.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING AMONG ECO-TOURISTS IN MALAYSIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON MALAYSIAN ECOTOURISM
Authors:   International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Business Administration, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ULFY Mohammad Arije , HOSSIN Md Suliman ,   University Kuala Lumpur, 4School of Business, Malaysia, KARIM Md Wasiul ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Business Administration, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ANIS Zohurul ,   University of Rajshahi, Department of Management Studies, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Published: October 2021

The focus of the study is to achieve the maximum advertising value on ecotourists using social media. In this area, the main objective of the “Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)” is to increase the present awareness of social media marketing. This topic is primarily concerned with exploring the context of social media advertisement with knowledge, service, and its behavioural intent to use social media ads within the unique environment of ecotourism in Malaysia. The approach of the study is to analyse a survey of 395 local Malaysian tourists in Klang Valley to test the “Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)”. The empirical findings denote that social media advertisement in ecotourism has positive effects on “Perceived ease of use” and “Perceived usefulness,” in terms of its ‘Informativeness’ and “Service Functionality.” That, in effect, contributes to the behavioural purpose of using social media ecotourism advertisements. The discipline’s findings indicate that advertising in social media in ecotourism needs to be utilized to provide a quick understanding. Also, the advertising is updated continuously to ensure reliable and appropriate sources to meet ecotourists’ information requirements and the support of tourist product ratings. These traits should satisfy travellers, making them likely to re-visit different ecotourism sights. These appearances should satisfy tourists and allow them to re-visit various ecotourist attractions.
Academic mobility in Slovakia: incoming and outgoing student migration flows
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Klyuchkovych Tetyana
Published: October 2021

In the article modern situation of academic mobility of students in the Slovak Republic under the conditions of educational internationalization is analyzed. The main conditions and tools of implementing academic mobility in Slovakia are clarified. Academic mobility for all participants of educational process under modern conditions is an important part of higher education internalization. It is defined that implementation of development strategy of international mobility is one of the priority tasks for the national policy in the Slovak Republic. Academic mobility finds systematic support at the Slovak state level. Appropriate conditions have been created for the implementation of academic mobility at the institutional, national and European levels. Along with the benefits, internationalization and mobility poce new challenges for Slovak society. This article looks at three aspects of student mobility flows: incoming mobility, outgoing mobility and mobility balance. There is a problem of imbalance between incoming and outgoing forms of mobility in Slovakia. It is empirically established that Slovakia belongs to the countries with strong flows of initial degree mobility. In the context of Slovakia's European integration, there has been an increase in the number of students participating in academic mobility programs. Factors that stimulate the initial academic mobility of Slovak students are the attractive image of foreign universities, the quality of education and educational services, better employment opportunities, various scholarship programs, lower tuition costs, social support for students and others. Factors such as proximity, language, historical ties, geographical distance, bilateral relationships and political framework conditions are key determinants in selecting a country in which to study. Despite the obvious benefits of international mobility, researchers are increasingly focusing on the problem of "brain drain" and the loss of intellectual potential. Slovakia's problem is that students do not return to their home country after completing their studies abroad. Academic mobility has become one of the channels of migration in Slovakia. In the long term, the potential of the educated and highly qualified population is weakening. This can negatively affect the development of society in economic, cultural, scientific and social aspects. Based on the analysis of the current state of mobility in Slovakia, it is concluded that the country's higher education system is characterized by a significant degree of internationalization.
Modern Regularities and Principles of Foreign Language Education of Future Specialists in International Relations in the Process of Professional Training
Authors:   National Aviation University, Vasylyshyna Nataliia
Published: October 2021

The relevance of this study is that in Ukraine, foreign language education acquires a special status, which is argued by the fact that language creates an effective basis for international and intercultural understanding. However, the problem of implementing intercultural foreign language education in higher education institutions needs further comprehensive analysis and solution. This is evidenced by the analysis of the state of intercultural foreign language education in the works of national and foreign scholars, which demonstrated the numerous views and scientific achievements on the successful implementation of foreign language education in Ukraine. The study of foreign languages in higher education institutions of Ukraine is an indisputable positive feature of curricula, based on the recognition that the study of languages along with significant practical, educational, educational and developmental potential is a necessary condition for the education of modern specialists in international relations. On the other hand, today it is an urgent need in terms of the chosen socio-economic vector of development of our state, as the implementation of the concept of "learning languages during life" is impossible without careful study of languages by future experts in international relations. The study allows us to identify the leading patterns and principles of foreign language education in the European Higher Education Area. In the course of the research it was found out that foreign language education of specialists in international relations is based on regularities and general didactic principles that reflect the main approaches to the organization of education, namely: developmental and educational nature of education; scientificity; regularity and consistency; accessibility; connection of theory with practice; individualization. The research concluded that an open European educational space highlights significant prospects, while requiring efforts to remove barriers and upgrade foreign language teaching and learning systems in higher education. The formation of a single European cultural and economic space actualizes the creation of parameters of "europeanness" of modern Ukrainian science, culture and education.
Development of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of higher education institutions departments
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Shevchenko Igor , Semenova Anastasiia ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Istomina Nataliia ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Sharonova Natalia ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: October 2021

As a result of reviewing the scientific literature, studying the legal framework, analysis of socio-economic conditions, modern practice of higher education institutions management, a contradiction was found between the high requirements for free economic management and the lack of criteria for evaluating its effectiveness on the basis of innovative technologies. This contradiction can be resolved by developing appropriate models and methods for evaluating the work effectiveness of higher education institutions. In this case, the method should be based on the results of the basic structural unit of the institution of higher education, meaning the department. The purpose of the work is to increase the informativeness of assessing the effectiveness for departments of higher education institutions by determining comprehensive performance indicators through the methodology of public funding distribution. The methodology is based on the principles of financing higher education institutions introduced by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. In order to create a methodology for assessing the quality of a higher education institution functioning, a set of criteria for assessing the education quality in higher education institution, the quality of scientific and international activities and financial activities were considered. The developed methodology allows to determining complex performance indicators through the method of public funding distribution, which operates with the following data: indicator of the estimated contingent of higher education; indicators of average competitive scores of entrants to study at the bachelor's and master's levels of education; an indicator of the scale of a higher education institution activity; indicators of personnel of scientific and pedagogical workers; indicator of a money amount from scientific works; students-winners indicators of a student scientific works competitions and Olympiads; an indicator of the publications number and citations according to the scientometric databases Scopus and Web of Science, meaning the international recognition for employees of higher education institutions. The formed methodology can be used by the administration of a higher education institution to calculate possible funding for the next year, determine the amount of funding for its departments, and so on.
Impact of higher music education on coping with stress during COVID-19
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Nalyvaiko Oleksii , Lykhoshvai Kseniia ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the study if students with special musical education have any benefits of stress coping over students of other specialties during the pandemic. The main purpose is to study the attitude of student musicians to overcome stressful situations caused by COVID-19 in the learning process. Research objectives include: current state of music education in the context of forced quarantine distance learning; the impact of forced quarantine distance learning on stress among students of music and non-music specialties; the analysis of stress coping skills and the impact of music education on them; recommendations for improving the psychological and pedagogical interaction of the participants in the educational process. The study involved 160 respondents, 80 of them are music students and 80 students of other specialties that do not belong to the study of musical art. To collect information and data, the study participants were asked to fill out a Google form. The results of the study show that online learning is very time-consuming and that losing a satisfactory work-life balance is stressful. But students became more organized in managing their activities. Internet platforms have proven useful for sharing materials, communicating, sharing information and content, and keeping track of all work done. Thus, there is a tendency towards easier tolerance of stress by musicians, although our study showed that with a slight margin of 80.6%, people without musical education consider themselves happier by 82%. This is also confirmed by the fact that non-musicians are more optimistic about their future according to the results obtained on the Beck's Hopelessness Scale, where 2 units are for musicians and 1 for non-musicians. These results indicate that hopelessness has not been identified and students are optimistic about their future. In the context of stress coping recommendations for students are provided. In conclusion, based on the information gained and own experience there is a variety of ways to obtain benefits from both online and offline learning forms for both musicians and non-musicians.
Quem não marchar direito, não vai mais preso pro quartel
Authors: Ferreira Felipe do Rosário , Sousa Arnaldo Vieira
Published: October 2021

A liberdade é um importante direito fundamental, previsto na Constituição Federal de 1988, que só pode ser afetado nas hipóteses taxativas descritas pela própria Constituição. Todavia, em relação aos policiais militares, a liberdade sofre graves violações, sem que sejam observados os parâmetros estipulados constitucionalmente. Trata-se de punições disciplinares, que cerceiam a liberdade dos policiais militares por vias administrativas, sem previsão em lei. Além disso, existem diversos aspectos dessas medidas que indicam a sua inadequação frente ao ordenamento constitucional vigente, tanto formais como materiais. De todo modo, a Lei nº 13.967/2019 introduz importantes alterações nesse contexto, com o objetivo de extinguir as medidas privativas de liberdade, fazendo com que, de fato, o direito fundamental à liberdade dos policiais militares seja respeitado.
Buscar e evitar a ação policial
Authors: Barbosa Wendell de Freitas
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo aborda as percepções sociais de policiais militares sobre a execução do mandato policial nas ruas. A ideia de “busca de ação está conotada sob o desejo de “operar” na área manifestado por parte dos policiais na execução do patrulhamento. Essas percepções estão associadas ao grau de identificação com as rotinas de policiamento de rua por esse grupo profissional e influenciam o seu desempenho laboral e a construção de relações com a população. A abordagem metodológica é qualitativa utilizando técnicas como a observação direta do patrulhamento e entrevistas semiestruturadas do tipo episódicas com policiais militares. Tudo se passa como se, nesta lógica de operacionalização policial, estivesse em jogo um tipo de interação com a “área de operações” e as populações atendidas pelos policiais. Como contribuição para esse campo de estudos, o trabalho permite detalhar e analisar, a partir de relatos etnográficos, os contextos de execução do patrulhamento pela polícia e as dinâmicas de relacionamento entre polícia e população.
Learning Beyond the Classroom: Teachers’ Perspectives of the Extracurricular Activities in Learning English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Amara Talal
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The current study investigated teachers’ perspectives of the use of extracurricular activities in EFL context. Data for the study were collected from 187 questionnaire respondents from Arabic speaking countries. The findings reveal that most of EFL teachers in study context use ECAs in their teaching of English. They also show that teachers not only use these activities to improve language proficiency but also to promote other language related skills. The findings also reveal some challenges in implementing ECAs such as time convenience, school workload, lack of funding, some social and cultural barriers, and students’ perception of these activities. Based on the findings, the researcher suggests further investigation into some other factors such as teachers’ readiness to implement these activities and the different types of activities that work best for the study context.
Online Learning in the Time of Crisis: A Study of EFL Students’ Attitudes
Authors: Elshawish Mustafa Fuzi , Belshaikh Jalal Ali
Published: October 2021

Abstract

This article discussed the importance of utilizing online learning during times of crises with special emphasis on the situation in Libya. In spite of the dangerous current situation i.e., the wide spread of a deadly Corona Virus, educational institutions (schools, universities, and academies) in Libya are still based on traditional procedures of learning, i.e., they adopt the traditional way of face-to-face classes and meetings. Although there have been some attempts of using blended learning, still most of the institutions are stuck with old methods. The current situation in the country since the beginning of the unrest in 2011 and recently with the emergence of a sudden outbreak of a deadly disease called Covid-19 caused by a Corona Virus shook the entire country and called for an urgent intervention. However, because of the fragile situation and the decrepit infrastructure in Libya, challenges to the education system are huge. This article highlighted the perceptions of a group of postgraduate students of English on online learning and also included the Advantages, Disadvantages, Opportunities, and Barriers (ADOB) analysis of e-learning modes in the time of crisis. The findings revealed that access to online learning in Libya was hindered by many challenges, and consequently students perceived online learning as inefficient. The paper also provided some suggestions for academic institutions of how to deal with challenges associated with online learning.
Definitive fixation of pelvic and acetabular fractures – current concepts
Authors:   Samodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej w Rypinie, Poland, Kułakowski Michał , Reichert Paweł , Elster Karol , Piotrowski Wojciech
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The most challenging injury in orthopedic surgery is pelvic trauma. There are different concepts of treatment strategies, specially in final treatment of pelvic ring and acetabular fractures. Objectives. Analysis of recent studies and evaluation of treatment methods. Materials and Methods. Analysis of 22 recent studies. Five papers met our inclusion criteria, that equated 745 patients. Results. Patients hemodynamically unstable need to be resuscitated and „damage control” orthopedics is widely accepted method. Definitive treatment after fourth day should be performed. Some papers show that early, within 48 hours, definitive treatment of pelvic ring and acetabular fractures give similar or better results. Conclusions. Tendency to early definitive treatment is widely observed and decreases mortality rates and complications.
ظاهرة الانتحار وعلاقتها بالتحولات الثقافية في المجتمع العراقي
Authors: زهراء رعد كامل الباحثة
Published: October 2021

الملخص

                تعد ظاهرة الانتحار من الظواهر الاجتماعية التي رافقت كل المجتمعات ومنها المجتمع العراقي, وقد اثرت تلك الظاهرة على المجتمع بشكل عام نظراً لما يتصف به من عادات وتقاليد تمنع حدوث هذه الافعال, حيث يوصم اجتماعياً من يرتكب مثل هذا العمل, ولكونها ظاهرة خطيرة تهدد الكيان الاجتماعي فقد دعا الكثير من العلماء الاجتماعيين والنفسيين الى دراستها والوقوف على اسبابها ومحاولة علاجها والحد منها؛ لذا فقد هدفت دراستنا الحالية الى التعرف على الخصائص الشخصية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية المؤدية للأنتحار, كذلك تحديد أهم العوامل المؤثرة في حدوث الانتحار عند كلا الجنسين, فضلاً عن معرفة مدى تأثير التغيرات التي أحدثتها العولمة ودخول وسائل الاتصال والتكنولوجيا والتطورات السريعة التي خيمت على المجتمع العراقي في زيادة حالات الانتحار, الوصول الى توصيات ومقترحات تكون بمثابة خطوات اجرائية وقائية للحد من ظاهرة  الانتحار والعوامل الدافعة اليه .

                توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من النتائج مفادها ان الانتحار يشمل جميع الفئات العمرية ولا يختص بفئة دون اخرى, لكنه يكثر عند الفئة العمرية التي تتراوح اعمارهم ما بين (18ـ30) كونها هي الفئة المسؤولة عن اعالة المجتمع مادياً, كما انه ناتج عن العامل الاقتصادي السيئ لما له من اثر واسع على حياة الافراد, حيث ان الفقر والعوز المادي يدفعان بالكثير من الاشخاص الى الانتحار للتخلص من ضروف الحياة السيئة ومتطلباتها, وقد اثبتت الدراسة من خلال الوسائل الاحصائية المستخدمة فضلاً عن مناهج البحث ان دخول الانترنت والتكنولوجيا المتطورة واندماج ثقافات البلدان الاخرى مع ثقافة المجتمع الاصلي اثر وبشكل كبير على حياة الاخرين نتيجة لتأثرهم بما يعرض وينقل اليهم عبر وسائل الاعلام المختلفة اضافة الى عامل التقليد الذي كان له اثر كبيراً في حياة الكثير من فئات المجتمع من خلال تقليد الفرد لما يعرض مثلا عبر القنوات الفضائية من مسلسلات وافلام مدبلجة تحتوي على مشاهد انتحار, لذا يجب ان تكون هناك رقابة على الافراد من داخل الاسرة نفسها و من خارج الاسرة اي تكون هناك رقابة تلفزونية سياسية تتحكم بما يعرض عبر وسائل الاعلام المختلفة ليتم السيطرة على جمع ظواهر العنف والقتل والمتاجرة بالمخدرات فضلاً عن الانتحار .
الجوائح الفيروسية و التغير الإبدالي للمنظومة التعليمية المغربية معالجة الأخطاء الإملائية عن بعد: أنمودجا
Authors: محمد ايت داود د.
Published: October 2021

أرغمت جائحة كورونا المنظومة التعليمية المغربية على الإنتقال من التعليم الكلاسيكي إلى التعليم عن بعد، فهذا التغير الإبدالي لنمط التدريس فرض علينا طرح مجموعة من التساؤلات التي حاولنا الإجابة عليها في هذا المقال.

هذا التغير الابدالي دفع الحكومة المغربية إلى اعتماد التعليم عن بعد و ترسيخ  بيداغوجياته النوعية ، للخروج من مأزق التوقف الدراسي لدى العديد من التلاميذ . فنجاعة هذا التعليم يتأثر بمجموعة من المحددات من أهمها : نوعية و كيفية و مدة استخدام  المتعلمين للإنترنيت دون نسيان الإستعداد المعرفي و المعلوماتي و التربوي و النفسي لديهم.

لقد دفعنا إنتشار وباء كوفيد-19 و إقرار الحجر صحي  إلى الاشتغال على دراسة تجريبية عن أهمية التعلم عن بعد في تعويض التعلم الكلاسيكي، و مدى جاهزية المنظومة التعليمية المغربية على التأقلم مع التغيرات و التبدلات المفاجئة. وقد قمنا كدلك بتصميم أحد أنظمة إدارة التعليم الإلكتروني عن بعد  لمعالجة الأخطاء الإملائية الأكثر شيوعا لدى تلاميذ السلك الثانوي التأهيلي و توفير بيئة تعليمية الكترونية مريحة لهم.
الطبيعة القانونية لمسؤولية الطبيب المدنية
Authors: اخلاص لطيف محمد البحر الباحث
Published: October 2021

ملخص  البحث

          يعرف الخطأ الطبي بأنه  الانحراف في سلوك الطبيب المحترف الحريص والمثابر , وتعتبر مسؤولية الطبيب عن خطاه الطبي مسؤولية عقدية , فإذا امتنع الطبيب عن تنفيذ التزامه العقدي أو قام بتنفيذه بشكل معيب مما يلحق ضررا بالمريض ترتبت مسؤوليته العقدية , وعليه كأصل عام بذل القدر الواجب من العناية في تنفيذ التزامه كما يخضع في حالات استثنائية حددها القانون للمسؤولية التقصيرية .
"تقنية صناعة الفخار في مصر القديمة" (3100-1085 ق.م)
Authors: بشرى عناد محمد حسن م. د.
Published: October 2021

ويُعد البحث في دراسة تقنية صناعة الفخار من المصادر القديمة الهامة المعاصرة للجنس البشري في العصور القديمة ومن مخلفاته الأثرية، ومن خلاله أدركنا النمط المعيشي للإنسان المصري القديم، يمكن القول إن البدايات الأولى للإنسان المصري القديم في العصور الحجرية الحديث أستخدم أدواته الأساسية من الحجر، إلا أنه واجهته صعوبة الحجر من ناحية ثقله وتشذيبه ومعالجته، لذا سعى المصري القديم إلى ابتكار طريقة في صنع ادواته بدون معوقات، فعمل على اكتشاف صناعة الفخار المصنوع من الطين وهذا ساعده على وجود نهر النيل وفيضانه السنوي المحمل بالطمي المادة الغنية الذي يلقيه على ضفافه، فأستغل صانعي الفخاري هذه المادة في صنع ادواته الفخارية.

           وتطرق هذا البحث الى عمليات التنقيبات الأثرية عن الورش في مصر التي صنعت فيه الأوني الفخارية، والمواد الأولية الهامة في صناعة الفخار، ومراحل التشكيل وتحليل الزخارف الذي نقش ورسم على الأواني الفخارية، وهذا فتح المجال عن معرفتنا بالخطاب الجمالي للنتاج الفني لصانعي الفخار المصري في عصور قبل الأسرات والعصور التاريخية، فأعطانا الوصف البدائي لهندسة الفخار قبل الأسرات التي شهدت تأسيس القرى الزراعية، والهندسة المعقدة التي رسمت على الأواني الفخارية في عهد الأسرات المصرية القديمة وما ترتبت عليه من ظهور الأنظمة الدينية والسياسية والاجتماعية واستقرار الإنسان في المجتمع المصري القديم.

           فضلاٌ عن مدى التطور العلاقات الإقليمية المصرية الخارجية خلال التبادل التجارة مع البلدان الأخرى، وهذا فسح الرؤية حول تأثر صانعي الفخار المصري بالأواني الأجنبية ومحاولته تقليدها مما اعطى صفة الحوار ولغة التواصل والانفتاح، وفهم مدى الأبعاد الحضارية بين مصر وبلدان الشرق الأدنى القديم.
طبيعة الدولة الفلسطينية المنتظرة
Authors: دينا هاتف مكي أ. م. د.
Published: October 2021

من المفروض ان تتطابق الاوطان مع الدول لكن هذا الأمر لاينطبق على الفلسطينيين الذين اصبحت مسالة اقامة الدولة بالنسبة لهم اشبه بالمستحيلة رغم انهم رضوا ــ مضطرين ـــ للتنازل عن كامل الوطن من اجل اقامة الدولة ،لكن نرجوا الا يكونوا قد خسروا الدولة وضيعوا الوطن .اعتقد الفلسطينيون بعد اتفاق اوسلو انهم في بداية الطريق نحو التحول الى دولة لكنهم تناسوا ان ال” إسرائيل “يين لن يتنازلوا يوما عن مطالبتهم بأرض “ إسرائيل “ التاريخية ، ونحاول هنا بحث وجود مقومات لدى السلطة  الانتقالية الفلسطينية الحالية لتعينها على التحول الى دولة في المستقبل من خلال استخدام منهج تاريخي و تحليلي .
التـنوع الاسـلوبي الجـمالي في الخزف السلجوقي
Authors: محمد شاكر علي م. د.
Published: October 2021

ملخص البحث
يسعى البحث الحالي الى فهم الآلية الاخراجية وتشخيص لعملية التنوع الاسلوبي الحاصل في الخزف الاسلامي السلجوقي , ولا سيما ان هذا الجنس الفني يمثل أحد أجناس الفنون التشكيلية المهمة في الفنون الاسلامية , إذ تنوعت فيها الاساليب سواء أكانت محاكاتية أم أعتمدت التصرف وصولاً بأشكالها الى أشكال التجريد, جاءت الدراسة في أربعة فصول ، خصص الفصل الأول منها لبيان مشكلة البحث ,كما تضمن الفصل الأول الإشارة إلى أهمية البحث والحاجه و حدود البحث,أما الفصل الثاني فقد ضم الاطار النظري والدراسات السابقة ، في حين خصص الفصل الثالث إجراءات البحث, وعينة البحث وطريقة اختيارها مع أداة تحليل عينة البحث وتحديد منهج البحث  ومن ثم تحليل عينة البحث ، في حين خصص الفصل الرابع لاستعراض النتائج والاستنتاجات والتوصيات ، ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها هذه الدراسة :
إعتماد الخزاف المسلم على المواضيع المتنوعة التزينية و الزخرفية التي وضفها بأسلوب جمالي .
و اهم الاستنتاجات :
اهتم الخزاف المسلم بنقل مفردات الواقع البيئي المتنوعة الى سطوحهالخزفية ، إنطلاقاً من حالة التأثر الواضح بالمواقف الحياتية .
الكلمات المفتاحية : التنوع . الاسلوب . الجمال . الخزف .
.
تطور وانتكاص الحتمية في التفسير القانوني في ضوء فلسفة المعنى
Authors: عبدالله عمر الخولي د.
Published: October 2021

ساد الاعتقاد في الفقه التقليدي الحديث بحتمية التفسير القانوني؛ بمعنى أن نصوص القانون قطعية في إشارتها إلى معانٍ مستقرة تقع خارج النصوص القانونية. ولهذا المعنى كينونة مستقلة في ذاتها وخصائصها بحيث لا يتصور اجتماع تفسيرات متناقضة لما يُمكن أن تعنيه نصوص القانون. وترتبط هذه الحتمية في التفسير القانوني باتفاق فقهاء المذاهب التقليدية حول أنطولوجيا القانون، بوصف القانون شيئًا ذا كينونة مكتملة منطقيًّا ومستقلة بذاتها عن أي شيء آخر، بما في ذلك نصوص القانون التي تشير إليها. والمعنى في القانون مرتبط بهذه الكينونة ارتباطًا حتميًّا لا فكاك منه بما يضمن الاستقرار والوضوح في المعاني ومن ثم الحتمية واليقين في التفسير.

        وقد كان المعنى في القانون حتى القرن الثامن عشر يستمد حتميته واستقراره من اتحاد القانون مع الطبيعة في كينونة واحدة. فحتمية التفسير واستقرار المعاني في القانون يرجع في الحقيقة إلى استقرار كينونة الأشياء في الطبيعة. ولذلك فقد شددت المذاهب القانونية في العصور الوسطي وحتى القرن الثامن عشر على حتمية التفسير القانوني، بحيث يقتصر دور القاضي أو السلطات التقليدية في العصور الوسطى على اكتشاف ذلك المعنى من التشريع أو من وحي القانون الطبيعي.

        إلا أن دائرة الحتمية في التفسير القانوني قد بدأت تضيق مع بداية القرن التاسع عشر، وذلك بانتكاص فكرة الشيء في ذاته عند الفلاسفة، لتنتكص معها إلى حد ما فكرة المعنى في ذاته عند فقهاء القانون. إذ كما قرر الفلاسفة بأن الأشياء تركيب ذهني لا يمثل بالضرورة حقيقة الأشياء في ذاتها، فكذلك قلص الفقهاء دائرة المعاني في ذاتها ووسعوا من دائرة المعاني المتغيرة عبر الزمان والمكان.

            في هذا البحث نسعى إلى استيعاب مفهوم الحتمية في التفسير القانوني وكيف كان لتطور فكرة الكينونة في المعنى عند الفلاسفة ثم انتكاصها دور في تطور الحتمية ثم انتكاصها في التفسير القانوني. ويسعى هذا البحث إلى فهم هذا التطور ليس من خلال مذاهب الفقه نفسها، وإنما من خلال دراسة تطور آراء الفلاسفة حول أنطولوجيا المعنى والأشياء بداية من فلاسفة ما قبل سقراط وحتى القرن العشرين. وغاية البحث هي تعميق فهمنا لطبيعة الخلاف بين المذاهب القانونية في الفقه الغربي.
صراع الأدوار وعلاقته بنوعية حياة المرأة العاملة دراسة ميدانية في أقليم كوردستان/ العراق
Authors: جوان أسماعيل بكر خوشناو أ.م. د.
Published: October 2021

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تقصي علاقة صراع الأدوار بنوعية حياة المرأة العاملة في أقليم كوردستان/ العراق من خلال الإجابة  على أسئلة البحث المتمثلة بمعرفة مستويات الصراع ومستويات نوعية الحياة فضلاً عن معرفة مجالات صراع الأدوار ونوعية الحياة وطبيعة العلاقة بينهمAا، وأعتمدت الباحثة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للحصول على أجابات أسئلة البحث، وبلغ حجم عينة البحث (299) وحدة من الفئة العمرية التي تفوق (+20) سنة من العاملات المتزوجات في مدن أربيل، والسليمانية، ودهوك، أما أداة البحث فقد تكون من مقياسين تم بناءهما من قبل الباحثة لأغراض هذا البحث،  يحوي مقياس صراع الأدوار على(40) فقرة بأربعة أبعاد هي(دورها عاملة، دورها أماً، ودورها ربة بيت، ودورها زوجة)، وتكون مقياس نوعية حياة من(42) فقرة بأبعادها (المعيشة الانفعالية، والمعيشة المادية، والرعاية الصحية والعلاقات الأسرية، والعلاقات الاجتماعية، وكيفية قضاء أوقات الفراغ) وكانت بدائل كلا المقياسين ثلاثية هي(تنطبق عليّ دائما- تنطبق عليّ أحيانا- لا تنطبق عليّ أبداً)، وقد تم نشر الأداتين بشكل ألكتروني(google forms) بسبب ظروف تفشي فيروس كورونا، ومن أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث هي رفض الفرضية الصفرية H0 ومفادها(لاتوجد علاقة بين صراع الأدوار ونوعية الحياة لدى المرأة العاملة في أقليم كوردستان/العراق) وقبول فرضية البحث .
Race, Nation, and Resistance to State Symbolic Power in Rwanda since the 1994 Genocide
Authors: Luft Aliza , Thomson Susan
Published: October 2021

The social categories “Hutu” and “Tutsi” have long been central to Rwandan politics, though never more so than during the 1994 genocide, when they formed the ultimate divide: kill (Hutu) or be killed (Tutsi). Since then, the Rwandan government has sought to eliminate these categories and replace them with a new, national identity category of “Rwandan.” This chapter draws on theories of state symbolic power and legibility to analyze how top-down projects of remaking Rwandans are being received from below. Specifically, we examine ordinary Rwandans’ responses to gacaca, a community justice practice central to the state’s National Unity and Reconciliation Program, and find Rwandans resent efforts to “unmake race” in favor of “nation” because the state’s account of genocide in gacaca does not allow them to sincerely express their experiences; it activates traumatic pasts for what they feel is superficial national reconciliation; and it detracts from their material needs. These findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between compliance and conviction in research on state efforts to transform civilian subjectivities. They also suggest directions for further research. Namely, future research on state symbolic power should attend to how individual experiences with violence mediate topdown efforts at remaking civilian subjectivities, to how different forms of governance shape civilian resistance to state categorization and classification projects, and to what kinds of interests are likely to motivate people to alter their self-perceptions. We conclude by arguing for more work on state race and nation-making from the perspectives of its targets.
Summaries of harms in systematic reviews are unreliable (Part 1 of 2): Methods used to assess harms are neglected in systematic reviews of gabapentin
Authors: Qureshi Riaz , Mayo-Wilson Evan , Rittiphairoj Thanitsara , McAdams-DeMarco Mara , Guallar Eliseo , Li Tianjing
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveIn this methodologic study (Part 1 of 2), we examined methods used to assess harms in systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) of gabapentin. We compared methods used with current recommendations for synthesizing harms. Study Design & SettingWe followed recommended systematic review practices. We selected reliable SRMAs of gabapentin (i.e., met a pre-defined list of methodological criteria) that assessed at least one harm. We extracted and compared methods in four areas: pre-specification, searching, analysis, and reporting. Whereas our focus in this paper is on the methods used, Part 2 examines the results for harms across reviews. ResultsWe screened 4320 records and identified 157 SRMAs of gabapentin, 70 of which were reliable. Most reliable reviews (51/70; 73%) reported following a general guideline for SRMA conduct or reporting, but none reported following recommendations specifically for synthesizing harms. Across all domains assessed, review methods were designed to address questions of benefit and rarely included the additional methods that are recommended for evaluating harms. ConclusionApproaches to assessing harms in SRMAs we examined are tokenistic and unlikely to produce valid summaries of harms to guide decisions. A paradigm shift is needed. At a minimal, reviewers should describe any limitations to their assessment of harms and provide clearer descriptions of methods for synthesizing harms.
Ruth.19421093.Cloud Computing.1
Authors: febrian Ruth
Published: October 2021

Ruth.19421093.Cloud Computing.1
Rapid characterisation of the extremely large landslide threatening the Rules Reservoir (Southern Spain)
Authors: Reyes-Carmona Cristina , Galve Jorge , Moreno-Sánchez Marcos , Riquelme Adrián , Ruano Patricia , Millares Agustín , Teixidó Teresa , Sarro Roberto , Pérez-Peña Vicente , Barra Anna , Ezquerro Pablo , López-Vinielles Juan , Béjar-Pizarro Marta , Azañón José Miguel , Monserrat Oriol , Mateos Rosa María
Published: October 2021

When an active landslide is first identified in an artificial reservoir, a comprehensive study has to be quickly conducted to analyse the possible hazard that it may represent to such a critical infrastructure. This paper presents the case of the El Arrecife Landslide, located in a slope of the Rules Reservoir (Southern Spain), as an example of geological and motion data integration for elaborating a preliminary hazard assessment. For this purpose, a field survey was carried out to define the kinematics of the landslide: translational in favour of a specific foliation set, and rotational at the foot of the landslide. A possible failure surface has been proposed, as well as an estimation of the volume of the landslide: 14.7 million m3. At the same time, remote sensing and geophysical techniques were applied to obtain historical displacement rates. A mean subsidence rate of up to 2 cm/yr was obtained by means of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data, during the last 5 and 22 years, respectively. The Structure-from-Motion (SfM) technique provided a higher rate, up to 26 cm/yr during the last 14 years, due to compaction of a slag heap located within the foot of the landslide. All of this collected information will be valuable to optimise the planning of future monitoring surveys (i.e. Differential Global Positioning Systems, inclinometers, ground drilling and InSAR) that should be applied in order to prevent further damage on the reservoir and related infrastructures.
Pangeo Forge: Crowdsourcing Analysis-Ready, Cloud Optimized Data Production
Authors: Stern Charles , Abernathey Ryan , Hamman Joseph , Wegener Rachel , Lepore Chiara , Harkins Sean
Published: October 2021

Pangeo Forge is a new community-driven platform that accelerates science by providing high-level recipe frameworks alongside cloud compute infrastructure for extracting data from provider archives, transforming it into analysis-ready, cloud-optimized (ARCO) data stores, and providing a human- and machine-readable catalog for browsing and loading. In abstracting the scientific domain logic of data recipes from cloud infrastructure concerns, Pangeo Forge aims to open a door for a broader community of scientists to participate in ARCO data production. A wholly open-source platform composed of multiple modular components, Pangeo Forge presents a foundation for the practice of reproducible, cloud-native, big-data ocean, weather, and climate science without relying on proprietary or cloud-vendor-specific tooling.
Video-Coded Maternal Behaviours and Stress Reactivity in Preschoolers of Mothers with Depression
Authors: Stienwandt Shaelyn
Published: October 2021

Parents play an important role in supporting their children’s social-emotional development and well-being. Social buffering theory suggests that positive parent-child relationships are associated to children’s ability to cope with acute stress. One method utilized to measure parent-child relationships is through observed video-coded interactions, but in the context of acute stress, there is an identified gap in standardized video coding systems. We created a video coding scheme to capture maternal behaviours associated with children’s stress reactivity and recovery in a sample of mothers with clinical depression and their preschool aged children (N = 40). Mother-child dyads participated in a baseline assessment of a larger clinical trial study via online videoconferencing platform. Children partook in an acute stressor task alongside salivary cortisol and heart rate measurements. Video recordings of maternal behaviours were collected both during and after the acute stressor task. Transcriptions of maternal behaviours were recorded to inform the microanalytic coding scheme development. These transcriptions were consolidated into codes based on established systems and clinical theory. Partial construct validity of the video coding scheme was found when comparing the observed maternal behaviours with a standardized questionnaire of parenting behaviour. Results indicate that observed global maternal involvement during the online stressor task produced a blunting effect on children’s stress reactivity. However, no associations between mothers’ parenting behaviours after the stressor and children’s stress physiology were found. Results may inform parenting interventions aimed at supporting children’s well-being.
Momentary associations between affect and alcohol use in the daily lives of college students
Authors: Sayed Farah , McGowan Amanda L. , Jovanova Mia , Cosme Danielle , Kang Yoona , Stanoi Ovidia , Mucha Peter , Ochsner Kevin , Bassett Danielle S , Falk Emily B. , Lydon-Staley David M.
Published: October 2021

Objective: Alcohol is theorized to be motivated by desires to regulate negative affect and/or to enhance positive affect. We tested the association between momentary affect and alcohol use in the daily lives of college students, hypothesizing that alcohol use would be more likely to follow increases in positive affect and that alcohol use would not be strongly associated with negative affect. Method: Using two ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies consisting of two prompts per day for 28 days, we used multilevel hurdle models to test for lagged associations between positive and negative affect and alcohol use. There were 108 participants (60.19%; mean age = 20.20, SD=1.69) in EMA study 1 and 268 participants (60.03%women, mean age = 20.22, SD=1.96) in EMA study 2. To provide context for the affect-alcohol associations, we collected data on whether participants drank alone or with others at each drinking occasion and the drinking motives of participants using the Drinking Motives Questionnaire. Results: Alcohol use was more likely to occur following increases in positive affect. No significant associations emerged between fluctuations in negative affect and alcohol use. This pattern of findings was observed across both ecological momentary assessment studies. The majority of alcohol use occurred in social contexts. Conclusions: College students who report primarily social and enhancement motives for drinking and who seldom drink alone are more likely to drink following increases in positive affect.
No Coincidence, George: Processing Limits in Cognitive Function Reflect the Curse of Generalization
Authors: Frankland Steven M , Webb Taylor , Lewis Richard L. , Cohen Jonathan D.
Published: October 2021

The striking constraints of some human cognitive processes stand in stark contrast to the nearlimitless capability of others. While we can acquire and flexibly use vast amounts of information,the amount we can process at any one time is often stiflingly limited. Here, we integrate ideasfrom information-theory, cognitive science, and neuroscience to offer a unified account of whyprocessing is often so limited. We argue that this reflects a fundamental tradeoff betweenrepresentational efficiency and processing efficiency. ‘Representational efficiency’ refers to howmuch and how compactly information is represented by an agent, that is directly related to itscapacity for generalization. We distinguish this from ‘processing efficiency’, which refers to howmany representations can be processed at the same time. We show that maximizingrepresentational efficiency to optimize the capacity for generalization — a characteristicallyhuman cognitive strength — comes at the expense of surprisingly strict limits in processingcapacity, an equally characteristic human weakness that has been observed in a variety ofcognitive tasks. We refer to this as the “curse of generalization,” and formulate this first ininformation theoretic form, and then demonstrate it in a neurally motivated model of a set ofcanonical cognitive tasks that have been used to demonstrate the strict limits in humanprocessing capacity. We suggest that the tension between representational efficiency andprocessing efficiency imposes a fundamental constraint on information processing, that mayprovide a unified explanation for a wide range of psychological phenomena, from performancein the tasks on which we focus to representational learning and skill acquisition more broadly, aswell as the performance of modern machine learning architectures that exhibit generalizationcapabilities comparable to humans.