bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de modelos de turbulencia para el flujo de aire en una tobera plana
Authors: Tolentino Masgo San Luis Baudilio
Published: July 2019

En los flujos de gas a velocidades supersónicas se producen ondas de choque, separación del flujo y turbulencia debido a cambios repentinos de la presión. El comportamiento del flujo compresible se puede estudiar mediante equipos experimentales o por métodos numéricos con códigos de la dinámica de fluidos computacional (DFC). En el presente trabajo, el flujo de aire se simula en un dominio computacional 2D con el código ANSYS-Fluent versión 12.1 para la geometría de una tobera plana, utilizando la ecuación de Navier-Stokes de número de Reynolds promedio (NSRP), con el objetivo de evaluar cinco modelos de turbulencia: SST k-ω, k-e estándar, k-ω estándar, k-kl-ω de transición y RSM. Se obtuvieron resultados numéricos de perfiles de presión estática para las paredes de la tobera y de formas de ondas de choque en el campo de flujo, para dos condiciones de relaciones de presión y , los cuales fueron comparados con los datos experimentales del trabajo de Hunter. Se concluye que los resultados numéricos obtenidos con el modelo de turbulencia SST k-ω de Menter (1994) están más ajustados a los datos experimentales de presión estática y de formas de ondas de choque.
Detección de fallas en motores de combustión mediante indicadores de temperatura y presión de inyección
Authors: Llanes-Cedeño Edilberto Antonio , Guardia-Puebla Yans , De la Rosa-Andino Alain , Cevallos-Carvajal Santiago , Rocha-Hoyos Juan Carlos
Published: July 2019

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer indicadores para la detección temprana de fallas en los motores combustión interna de los grupos electrógenos de fueloil a partir de la presión de inyección y temperatura de la cámara de combustión. Como caso de estudio fueron evaluados los grupos de generación de la Empresa de Mantenimiento a los Grupos Electrógenos Fueloil (EMGEF) en la provincia cubana de Granma. Para el experimento se utilizó un diseño multifactorial usando como factores principales los 16 motores, los 9 cilindros de cada motor y un tiempo de trabajo de 3 años. El estudio demostró que la presión y la temperatura son indicadores significativos en las fallas de los motores, además de que el número de fallas detectadas por temperatura fueron más significativas que las reportadas por la presión de inyección. Se concluye que las altas temperaturas en los cilindros generalmente están relacionadas con un alto índice de gases y un deficiente estado de los inyectores. Las diferencias entre las presiones están relacionadas con la baja hermeticidad y el estado técnico de los elementos del sistema de alimentación.
Evaluación de la gestión del mantenimiento en hospitales del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social de la Zona 3 del Ecuador
Authors: Víscaíno Cuzco Mayra Alexandra , Villacrés Parra Sergio Raúl , Gallegos Londoño César Marcelo , Negrete Costales José Hernán
Published: July 2019

Los fallos en la infraestructura hospitalaria tienen consecuencias inestimables debido a que involucra la vida humana, por lo que los riesgos potenciales que contribuyen al fallo de equipos médicos e infraestructura hospitalaria, tienen que ser identificados, reducidos o eliminados; para ello el mantenimiento y su gestión es una herramienta que se enfoca en asegurar el funcionamiento de un equipo. El propósito de este trabajo fue el obtener una valoración cuantitativa de la gestión del mantenimiento en los hospitales del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social de la Zona 3 del Ecuador. La metodología empleada consta de cinco fases, empezando por la selección de criterios de evaluación, ponderación de criterios, desarrollo del instrumento de evaluación, la validación del instrumento aplicándolo a cuatro hospitales de la Zona 3 del Ecuador; finalmente, la identificación de aspectos con bajo desempeño. Los resultados muestran que la gestión de mantenimiento de los hospitales de la Zona 3, alcanzaron una valoración cuantitativa promedio de 55,5/100 puntos. En tres hospitales se evidencian debilidades estructurales que comprometen el logro de los objetivos del departamento de mantenimiento, pero existen procesos viables que pueden ser implantados para superar las deficiencias e incrementar el nivel de cumplimiento de las exigencias. Se concluye que la planificación, programación y control del mantenimiento es el criterio con más potencial para mejorar.
Evaluación de propiedades mecánicas en recubrimientos galvanizados por doble inmersión en caliente sobre acero al carbono
Authors: Carrasquero Edwuin Jesus , Rico O. Yraima , Minchala Jaime
Published: July 2019

Poco se conoce sobre las condiciones operacionales, la microestructura y propiedades de los recubrimientos fabricados por doble inmersión en caliente. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar propiedades mecánicas de recubrimientos Zn/Zn-5%Al aplicados por la técnica de doble inmersión en caliente, variando los tiempos de inmersión en los baños líquidos. Para la evaluación se realizaron perfiles de microdureza Vickers y ensayos de doblez. Los perfiles de microdureza para diferentes tiempos de inmersión presentan similitudes, mostrando gran heterogeneidad debido a las características microestructurales. Se observa que al aumentar el tiempo de inmersión disminuye el ángulo crítico y el tiempo de inmersión no influye significativamente en la densidad de grietas confinadas y no confinadas. Se concluye que la ductilidad de los recubrimientos se ve influenciada por el espesor total de los mismos, y posiblemente por el espesor de las diferentes zonas y esfuerzos residuales, siendo las muestras recubiertas con tiempo de inmersión de 60 segundos, las que presentan mejor comportamiento ante el ensayo de doblez.
Tense and Aspect in the Academic Writing of Arab L2 Learners of English: A Corpus-Based Approach
Authors: Btoosh Mousa A.
Published: July 2019

This study aimed at explicating the use of tense and aspect in the academic writing of Arab L2 learners of English. The scope was restricted to two absolute tenses (simple present and simple past), perfective and imperfective aspects, and verb-form errors arising from the deletion or addition of the third person singular-s besides the omission of copula and auxiliary verbs. The study was conducted on the basis of a comparative, quantitative analysis of the target forms between a learner corpus and a similar-sized native one. In pursuing and achieving the stated objectives, it also concentrated on the types and sources of the tense, aspect and verb form errors in learners’ performance. In addition to the significant disparity between the two corpora in terms of the frequency count and percentage of most of the target forms, the findings confirmed learners’ tendency to use more verbs than native speakers. Results also showed that learners’ use of the preterit (simple past), and perfective and imperfective aspects were largely constrained by their L1 grammar and semantic interpretation of verbs (independent of the target language norm). Moreover, the findings revealed some common inconsistent erroneous forms attributed to the omission or addition of the third person singular-s and the omission of copula and auxiliary verbs. Several main factors were identified as potentially responsible for learners’ errors, that is, inconsistency inherent in L2 rules, learners’ limited exposure to (authentic) L2, overgeneralization, redundancy reduction, and language transfer. The findings suggest the need to introduce appropriate pedagogical methods to best present the target language rules.
Internationalization and English as a Medium of Instruction in Mongolian Higher Education: A New Concept
Authors: Gundsambuu Sainbayar
Published: July 2019

The impact of globalization leaves no choice to universities but to go toward internationalization in order to survive in the growing competition in higher education. Following the global trend of internationalization, Mongolian universities plan to increase courses and programs in English in order to improve their competitiveness and ultimately to become internationally visible, at least in Asia. Based on two types of data, documents and an online survey, this study discusses the current process of internationalization at Mongolian universities and explores how faculty members perceive the rationales of implementing English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI). The findings revealed that the Mongolian government is the key player in internationalization through policies, taking initiatives, and encouraging national universities. The faculty members of the two leading private universities in Mongolia perceived that the introduction of EMI at their universities intends to improve their graduates’ English language skills to operate globally and as well as to promote their university’s international profile.
Positive Psychology and Mastery of the L2 Academic Self
Authors: Palanac Aleks
Published: July 2019

In order to determine how best to prepare students for university and to participate meaningfully in the activities of their intended academic discourse community (ADC), the influential model proposed by Anne Beaufort in 2007 suggests that this can only occur once a learner has mastered the domains of knowledge pertaining to the target ADC, including those of subject matter, genre, rhetorical techniques and the writing process. However, this article will argue that mastery of a domain and entry into an ADC involves more than this; both of these things can occur only once a student has been able to ‘master’ him/herself. In order to address the question of the nature of ‘self-mastery’ and how to guide students towards achieving it, this article draws upon theories from the emerging field of positive psychology, showing how notions such as self-efficacy, mindfulness and flow can be interwoven with concepts more commonly associated with English for Academic Purposes or ‘EAP’ (e.g. learner autonomy, motivation and noticing) to provide insights into how mastery of the second/additional language learning (L2) academic self can be facilitated. The application of these proposed strategies in the classroom is intended to give students the tools to not only to enter their chosen ADC but also to leave their mark on it.
The Influence of the Teaching Style of Communication on the Motivation of Students to Learn Foreign Languages
Authors: Ivanova Marina , Shlenskaya Natalia , Mekeko Natalia , Kashkarova Tatiana
Published: July 2019

Nowadays, when the role of knowing foreign languages is extremely high and the demand for specialists who are proficient in a language is continuing to increase, we face the problem of a lack of desire to learn foreign languages among non-linguistic majors. We supposed that the type of teacher-student interaction style (authoritarian, democratic, and liberal) could influence students’ motivation type (internal, external positive, external negative, or amotivation) and this was the aim of the study. We surveyed 230 second-year students of the intramural form of study seeking a baccalaureate degree from Moscow State University of Food Production. Among the respondents there were 143 girls and 87 boys aged 18-20, citizens of the Russian Federation. The experiment was divided into three stages and it took three semesters to complete the study. The aim of the first stage was to investigate students’ preferences related to teacher-student interaction style, and the prevailing type of learning motivation to study and to learn foreign languages. The second stage of the study was aimed to investigate how teacher-student interaction style influences the nature and type of students' motivation to learn. In the last stage of the study, the output testing of student performance was implemented and all the results from the previous stages were compared and analyzed. The results of the experiment clearly demonstrated that both authoritarian and democratic teacher-student interaction styles could have a positive influence on students’ educational behaviour and academic performances while the implementation of the liberal teacher-student interaction style led to amotivation. At the same time, the democratic style, contrary to the authors' hypothesis, predominantly provoked external motivation, while an authoritarian style significantly activated internal motivation.
MITOLOGISASI DAN IDEOLOGISASI DALAM BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN SEJARAH SMA: SUATU KAJIAN HISTORIOGRAFI
Authors: Religian Riyan Ilham Yustian
Published: July 2019

Artikel ini merupakan suatu tinjauan historiografi pada buku teks pelajaran sejarah SMA yang mengungkapkan aspek mitologi dan ideologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis isi (content analysis). Buku yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah narasi sejarah yang terdapat dalam buku teks pelajaran Sejarah kelas XI SMA yang ditulis oleh Habib Mustofo dkk., dan diterbitkan oleh yudistira berdasarkan pada Kurikulum berbasis kompetensi 2004. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat mitologi dan ideologi pada buku teks pelajaran sejarah di SMA. Hal tersebut menunjukan ideologi Negara dalam membangun konsep Nasionalisme pada buku teks sejarah. Penulisan materi sejarah pada buku teks dibuat untuk kepentingan pendidikan, sehingga materi sejarah disesuaikan demi tercapainya tujuan pendidikan sejarah. Negara biasanya melakukan mitologisasi dan ideologisasi historis melalui kreativitas penulisan sejarah dalam rangka menemukan kesamaan warisan kultural, kesamaan pahlawan, kesamaan norma, kesamaan adat istiadat.
NASIONALISME, TOLERANSI, DAN KEPEMIMPINAN PADA MASA KERAJAAN-KERAJAAN HINDU BUDDHA DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS BUKU TEKS PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH SMA
Authors: Cunino Maria Antonia
Published: July 2019

Buku teks pelajaran sejarah Indonesia ditulis untuk memudahkan peserta didik belajar dan harus sejalan dengan kurikulum serta tujuan pemerintah, yaitu untuk membentuk karakter bangsa. Dalam artikel ini, penulis fokus mengkaji buku teks dengan materi sejarah Indonesia zaman Hindu-Buddha. Terdapat tiga nilai yang dikaji, yaitu nilai nasionalisme, nilai toleransi, dan nilai kepemimpinan dari kerajaan-kerajaan Hindu Buddha yang ada di Indonesia pada abad ke IV sampai adab ke XV. Dari materi tersebut diharapkan peserta didik mempunyai jiwa nasionalisme dan mempunyai toleransi yang tinggi terhadap sesamanya yang berbeda budaya, agama, dan kebangsaan. Kepemimpinan dari raja-raja di kerajaan-kerajaan Hindu Buddha juga mengajarkan kepada peserta didik untuk menjadi pemimpin yang baik dan mengambil nilai-niai dari kepemimpinan tersebut. Penulis menggunakan metode analisis konten untuk menggali nilai-nilai yang terdapat di dalam buku teks tersebut.
NILAI-NILAI NASIONALISME PERJUANGAN HASSAN BASRY SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH
Authors: Syaharuddin Syaharuddin -
Published: July 2019

Nasionalisme Indonesia saat ini sedang mengalami degradasi yang diantaranya ditandai dengan semakin tingginya angka korupsi baik di kalangan pejabat pusat maupun daerah; eksploitasi terhadap alam (SDA) secara massif yang berdampak terhadap kehidupan masyarakat; dan semakin tingginya sikap intoleransi yang mengarah kepada disintegrasi bangsa. Di sisi lain, kurang optimalnya kemampuan guru sejarah dalam memanfaatkan sumber-sumber lokal, seperti peran Hassan Basry dalam mempertahankan kemerdekaan di Kalimantan Selatan yang  berimplikasi terhadap rendahnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman peserta didik terhadap sejarah lokalnya. Hassan Basry adalah tokoh pejuang pada periode revolusi fisik (1945-1949) yang memiliki peran penting dalam mempertahankan kemerdekaan di bumi Lambung Mangkurat. Pernyataan “Proklamasi 17 Mei” di Kandangan oleh Hassan Basry, mengandung nilai nasionalisme yang memiliki fungsi strategi terhadap pembentukan karakter bagi peserta didik melalui pembelajaran sejarah. Pernyataan tersebut mengandung nilai-nilai nasionalisme yang sangat penting diinternalisasikan dan ditransformasikan kepada peserta didik sebagai sumber belajar sejarah. Nilai nasionalisme Hassan Basry tidak berhenti pada periode revolusi fisik, tapi berlanjut hingga pascarevolusi fisik, yakni menggagas dan menjadi presiden (rektor) pertama Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM) (1958).
Harvesting Cooling Effect on LPG-Fueled Vehicles for Mini Cooler: A Lab-Scale Investigation
Authors: Setiyo Muji , Widodo Noto , Purnomo Bagiyo Condro , Munahar Suroto , Rahmawan Muhammad Andi , Luthfi Akbar
Published: July 2019

This article presents an investigation of the actual cooling effect on a lab-scale prototype of LPG-fueled vehicles. The cooling effect is obtained from heat absorption by LPG on the vaporizer. Water with a mass flow rate of 1, 2 and 3 lpm is flowed from the cooling box to the LPG evaporator and flow back to the cooling box. The car used in this study has a capacity of 1500 cc that rotates 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm. The results showed that there was a relationship between cooling power with the increase in engine speed and mass flow rate of water that crosses the evaporator. The biggest cooling power is 378 Watts at 1000 rpm with a water mass flow rate of 3 lpm.
Identifying the Factor that Promotes Vertical Partner-ships: Empirical Evidence from Tier-1 and Tier-2 Compa-nies in Jabodetabek-Indonesia
Authors: Syah Donny Oktavian
Published: July 2019

Indonesian automotive sector played an important role to Indonesian GDPs; it contributes 28% in manufacturing composition. The goal of this research is to examine the vertical partnership between tier-1 and tier-2 automotive component companies in Jabodetabek, Indonesia, as concerns technology transfer, technical exchange, government role, and supplier performance. 93 companies, consisting of 59 tier-1 companies and 34 tier-2 companies became respondents in this study. The research was conducted by visiting sites and interviewing companies, based on Likert-scale questionnaires. Interviewees were persons at the middle management level or higher who understood or were responsible for measuring product quality (purposive sampling). The results of questionnaires were proceeded and analyzed by Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) path modeling using smart-PLS 3.2.7 software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the government’s role and technology transfer, as well as between technology transfer and supplier performance improvement. However, there was no significant relationship between government role and supplier performance improvement, nor between technical exchange and supplier performance improvement.
Process Simulation on Fast Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell for Production of Fuel
Authors: Nayaggy Mangala , Putra Zulfan Adi
Published: July 2019

As the worlds primary source of energy is depleting, an alternative particularly renewable energy is being explored. This work is a preliminary study on fast pyrolysis process of palm kernel shell to produce liquid fuel. The simulation uses pyrolysis data obtained from one of the previous works on fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shell. As there are no literature available on upgrading of bio oil from fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shell, the chemical reactions are synthesised based on upgrading of bio oil from different biomass. The upgraded oil is then analysed by comparing its distillate curve with that of the ASTM of gasoline. The distillation curves are shown to be quite similar as the components found in the oil almost resemble those in the gasoline. Thus, the bio oil from fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shell has almost similar components compared to the ASTM of gasoline.
Carbon Nano Fibre Reinforcements In Concrete
Authors: Awan Maqbool S , Ali Arshad , S Perviz , Awan Yousaf S
Published: July 2019

Graphite nanomaterials offer distinct advantages over micro-scale reinforcing fibers in terms of engineering properties and geometric attributes. Thorough dispersion and effective interfacial interactions through proper functionalization of carbon nanofibers are the prerequisites for their effective use in high performance cementitious matrices. Furthermore, use of nano- and micro-scale reinforcements together provides reinforcing effects at different scales, thus rendering balanced gains in engineering properties of the matrix. However, their use in coarser high-performance matrices has not been evaluated thoroughly. The results show improvements in all flexural attributes, impact and abrasion resistance of DSP concrete with addition of 0.16 vol.% of oxidized and poly-acrylic acid physisorbed carbon nanofibers, over the corresponding properties of plain matrix. The results also point to synergetic effect of hybrid reinforcements in improving the various engineering properties of DSP concrete matrix, especially with low modulus polypropylene microfibers.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender Representations in the Content of 5th Grade English Language Textbook
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Shah Syed Kazim
Published: July 2019

This study investigates gender representation in an English language textbook taught to the students of Grade-5 in public and private schools in Punjab (Pakistan) by applying Fairclough’s three-dimensional model. For this purpose, content and critical discourse analyses approaches were applied to check eight-factor gender discrimination in the said textbook. As a result, it was observed that the said textbook was highly gender biased which represented males more than females. It also appeared that the said textbook had been designed to maintain male dominance in implicit as well as explicit ways. Such state of affairs may lead to gender discrimination in practical lives. Therefore, the study suggests that both genders should be represented in an equalized proportion. This can be achieved by increasing the number of female authors and sensitizing the teachers about gender discrimination and asking them to highlight gender biased issues in education.
El Aprendizaje-Servicio como Escenario Formativo y su Influencia en Distintos Agentes Socioeducativos. Percepción de los Participantes
Authors: Mayor Paredes Domingo , Lòpez Medialdea Ana María , Solís Galán María Gloria
Published: July 2019

Este trabajo tiene por objeto mostrar algunos de los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de una experiencia formativa y divulgativa organizadas por el Grupo Promotor de Aprendizaje-Servicio de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura. Las Jornadas iban dirigidas a docentes, alumnado universitario y otros agentes socioeducativos, celebradas en la Facultad de Formación de profesorado de la Universidad de Extremadura. En la misma han participado más de 220 agentes socioeducativos procedentes de la educación escolar y la educación social. Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados han sido: el cuestionario dirigido al profesorado en activo y la gamificación, a través del cuestionario de la aplicación Kahoot orientando al resto de agentes socioeducativos. Los resultados alcanzados reflejan la alta satisfacción de los participantes por la utilidad e interés de los contenidos tratados, la metodología aplicada y las informaciones ofrecidas; además ponen de relieve la importancia de la formación para seguir difundiendo, promocionando e institucionalizando las prácticas de Aprendizaje-Servicio.
Chemoembolization with HepaSpheres in the treatment of recurrent pelvic tumors
Authors: Kedrova A. G. , Lebedev D. P. , Zvezdkina E. A. , Astakhov D. A. , Kosyy V. V. , Ishchenko R. V.
Published: July 2019

Transarterial chemoembolization of the main vessels feeding the tumor is a minimally invasive procedure, which is intended to block off the blood supply to the tumor and to deliver a cytotoxic agent to tumor cells. Initially, this method was used in emergency cases, but later it gained the trust of clinicians, who began to use it in non-emergency patients with clinical manifestations, when angiography showed well-supplied tumors inaccessible for ablation or surgical removal, including those in non-standard difficult cases. Selective catheterization of dominant arteries in recurrent tumors along with chemoembolization with drug-eluting microspheres is extremely challenging, since most of recurrent tumors have a well-developed neovascular network. HepaSphere microspheres, due to their hydrophilicity and high biological compatibility with tissues, allow the deposition of a chemotherapeutic agent in the tumor. This therapy provides pronounced hemostatic and antitumor effects confirmed by morphological and immunohistochemical examination. Currently, transarterial chemoembolization is mainly used for primary tumors and becomes increasingly popular as an element of combination therapy for patients with pelvic tumors. In this article, we analyze clinical data for 14 patients with recurrent pelvic tumors who underwent chemoembolization with HepaSpheres loaded with doxorubicin or irinotecan as a part of their palliative care.
Comparative evaluation of treatment methods of neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy and chemoembolization by drug-saturated embospheres in II–IVa stages cervical cancer
Authors: Parsyan Sh. G. , Lisyanskaya A. S. , Kukanov M. A. , Smirnova O. A. , Shushaniya M. S. , Manikhas G. M.
Published: July 2019

Objective: comparative evaluation of treatment methods for neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy and chemoembolization by drug-saturated microspheres followed by surgical treatment in II–IVa stages cervical cancer.

Materials and methods. This study presents the results of complex treatment in 209 patients (average age – 40.57 ± 8 years) with II– IVa stages cervical cancer and 384 endovascular interventions as the first stage of complex treatment in the period from 2010 to 2016. The scheme neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy was carboplatin (AUC6 intra-arterial) + irinotecan (200 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1) every 21 days. Radical surgical treatment was performed basically after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Patients who did not respond sufficiently to neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy underwent a radical course of chemoradiation therapy according to the standard scheme.

Results. The overall response to neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy was 84.8 % and 79 % of patients in groups of chemoinfusion and trans-arterial chemoembolization, respectively (p >0.05). Operability was higher in group of chemoinfusion (69 % versus 46.4 %) (p <0.01), and fewer patients with metastases to regional lymph nodes were revealed in this group (30.2 % versus 42 %), p <0.05. Overall and survival rate is statistically significantly better in group of chemoinfusion – 63.9 % and 61 % versus 43 % and 42 %, respectively, p <0.05. At the same time, statistically significant differences between the groups were revealed only at stages III–IVа cervical cancer. Radically operated patients, as expected, had a better prognosis (p <0.001). The age of patients, tumor differentiation and therapeutic pathomorphosis did not affect the prognosis of life.

Conclusions. Neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemoinfusion and chemoembolization using irinotecan + carboplatin scheme are relatively safe treatment methods with acceptable toxicity and have a high cytotoxic effect. Patients in chemoinfusion group have a better prognosis compared with patients in chemoembolization group. Selective chemoembolization with subsequent surgical treatment or radiation therapy may be the treatment of choice for stage II cervical cancer complicated by bleeding.
The customer profile of pre-judicial legal assistance in Poland: statistics and real needs
Authors: Katarzhyna Yuliia
Published: July 2019

Article tries to answer the following question: can we now talk about a system that provides real access to free legal assistance at the pre-litigation stage? In Poland, for many years, free legal help has been carried out by non-governmental organizations, citizens advice offices, universities legal clinics. Some assistance could also be obtained as part of the social assistance system and, to a very limited extent, even in courts. However, it was not a system, and often based on the kindness and empathy of people working in specific places. Article refers to this kind of free legal help which is provide in Poland under the newest legislation. Starting from January 2016 there have been created more than 1 500 points in which free legal advice can be given to people in need. Personal professional experience of the Author clearly shows that clients who turn for free legal help need much more help and empathy than those who can apply for help to the law firms. Author provides free legal advice – that is run by one of the non-governmental organization, she coordinate work of students in one of the university legal clinics in Poland, and as well conduct research on this subject in the world. Such a perspective allows to formulate conclusions based on professional experience as well as global standards developed in this area.
On the issue of the freedom of conscience in the grand dukes of lithuania state and legal policies in the XIII – XIV centur
Authors: Tsvietkova Yulianna
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the unique for the feudal period policy of religious tolerance led by the Grand Dukes of Lithuania at the territories under their rule. Grand Dukes of Lithuania is usually identified as “pagan state”, but analysis of contemporary sources show that it should be rather classified as multi-religion federation. This thesis can be proved because Grand Dukes of Lithuania princes personally were not stuck to definite religion policy, what is shown by their numerous changing confession of their own and different beliefs within one ruling family. Religions of the throne pretenders were their personal matter and had no influence on their enthroning. Religion woes were not in use during homage and beneficing procedures, what could be explained by different religions of suzerains and vassals. Just appointed local rulers did generally converse into religion of the region majorities. Any evident Princes’ oppression of Christians described in Chronicles followed their uprisings or other acts of disobedience to the ordinances.
Availability of Judicial Protection in the Process of Editing the Human Genome
Authors: Fomina O. Yu.
Published: July 2019

Genetic technologies are rapidly developing, which is not the case for the normative consolidation of scientific achievements and opportunities. The science aimed at improving the quality of life of people is already able to prevent many hereditary disorders by removing the «wrong» gene from the embryo DNA. Editing the human genome is not the future, but the present.

It is assumed that legalization in the area of the human genome editing for preventive or therapeutic purposes is more than possible. The article analyzes the issues of the right to go to court on the ground of legal relations that arise when the human embryo genome is edited during the procedure of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and subsequently a «genetically modified» child is born.

Due to the lack of detailed legal regulation of the IVF procedure, scientific research on human embryos and genome editing technology, the author does not exclude situations when successful research can be carried out as well as errors can be committed. In the latter case, it is possible to work upon «healthy» DNA elements instead of or together with «sick» elements, which endangers the life and health of not only the potential person, but also his discendants.

Given that the current legislation does not determine the status of a human embryo and establishes the moment of birth as the moment of capacity, while the civil procedural capacity (that is one of the prerequisites for the right to go to a court) of an individual coincides with civil legal capacity, the future human life is deprived of any legal protection. For the same reason, other persons may not go to court in the interests of the unborn child. The article attempts to find a way out of this situation by analyzing Russian and international legislation, as well as the ECHR case law.
Civil Law Regime of Genes as Objects of Civil Rights
Authors: Levushkin A. N.
Published: July 2019

At the present stage of the formation of the rule of law and developed civil society in the Russian Federation, the possibility of using and protecting genes, genomes and genomic technologies, mainly related to the sphere of private life, becomes particularly relevant. The world has already formed a scientific direction — gene editing. The practice of implementation of such developments is aimed at the implementation of genetic «improvement» of a person, his life and health. Society has existed for a long time in the era of genetic engineering. Currently, quite a large number of scientific studies are being conducted and many practical experiments are being implemented, both medical and socio-legal, aimed at involving genes and genetic structures in the framework of the legal field, in civil circulation.

A particularly large number of questions and practical problems arise in determining the possibility of including genes and genomes as objects of legal relations and their definition as objects of civil rights.

Debatable is the question of the turnover of genes, genomes, genetic structures and the possibility of making various civil transactions with them, the entry of subjects (participants) of genomic technologies in the binding and proprietary relationships with genes. The possibility of inclusion of genes and genomes in the objects of intellectual property rights and ensure their patent protection, the establishment of legal protective procedures is proved.

There is an objective need to qualify and determine the legal nature of genes and genomes as objects of civil rights and the establishment of a special civil regime of genes, genomes and genetic structures. This special civil law regime of genes has a civil law nature. The author’s definition of a special civil-law regime of genes as objects of civil rights is proposed, the features and content of this regime are determined. The possibility of regulatory and legal regulation of genomic studies and the implementation of their results in medical practice is proved.
Legal Nature of the Embryo in Vitro
Authors: Belova D. A.
Published: July 2019

The paper is an attempt of scientific understanding of the legal nature of the embryo in vitro, undertaken on the basis of the regulations governing their legal regime, as well as the practice of their application and doctrinal research. Embryos in vitro, being human embryos conceived and developing outside the mother’s body, because of their autonomous existence have raised questions about their legal nature. Without such determination, it is impossible to decide the fate of embryos in the event of the divorce of the persons who expressed the will to create them, in the event of the death of one or both of them (the so-called «orphan» embryos), in the event of the refusal of one or both of them to continue the reproductive assistance program. The paper examines the main points of view on the nature of the embryo in vitro, established in the doctrine, namely whether it is a subject of law, the object of law or is a special legal phenomenon, sui generis. The author comes to the conclusion that the embryo can not be attributed to the category of things, as well as to a broader category of property due to the lack of value equivalent and the inadmissibility of attempts to determine it, as otherwise contrary to the principles of morality. The embryo does not have legal capacity under the provisions of the current civil law, and granting it such a capacity may entail certain problems and conflicts of interest outlined in the paper. The most optimal is the consideration of the embryo as a special legal phenomenon (sui generis) with the definition of its place in the system of elements of legal relationship or an independent object of civil rights with a special legal regime, as the basis of which the author proposes to lay the principle of respect for human life at any stage of its development and the principle of preservation of human life.
Educación en inteligencia emocional y social: revisión y propuesta teórico-didáctica
Authors: García-Tudela Pedro Antonio , Marín-Sánchez Pedro
Published: July 2019

La presente investigación se basa en la consulta y análisis de numerosas obras de educación en Inteligencia Emocional y Social. Este hecho ha permitido abordar dichos ámbitos desde su origen hasta la actualidad para así ofrecer la propuesta del denominado modelo zeta, una propuesta teórica de inteligencia emocional y social desde una perspectiva plenamente didáctica. El método se ha basado en una revisión sistemática sobre la comprensión y aplicación de estos tópicos en la docencia, que permitiera favorecer o deconstruir la relación entre la evidencia teórica y su práctica. La población inicial contó con 1289 artículos científicos, del que finalmente se seleccionó un número significativo para su estudio exhaustivo. Tras el trabajo de selección se han analizado pormenorizadamente 15 estudios que reflejan la variedad y el “eclecticismo” de estas dos conexas realidades que apoyan los propósitos de la investigación. Para finalizar, se propone un modelo (Modelo Zeta) basado en tres bloques de habilidades vitales que velan por trabajar la inteligencia emocional y social desde los primeros cursos educativos.
Reseña del libro: La escuela slow. La pedagogía de lo cotidiano
Authors: Platas-Ferreiro María Lidia
Published: July 2019

La autora hace en este libro un análisis detallado, valiéndose de numerosos ejemplos de situaciones diarias y cotidianas de la vida del aula, de cómo la inmediatez, las prisas y el consumismo que caracterizan la realidad social actual afecta directa y negativamente en la educación infantil, tanto a los niños y niñas, como a sus familias, al profesorado y al propio proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje. Propone una escuela “slow” que respete los ritmos individuales y permita aprovechar cada una de las oportunidades educativas que se esconden en el día a día.
Diferencias en imagen mental entre individuos españoles e italianos
Authors: Campos Alfredo , Canto María
Published: July 2019

Son pocos los estudios que miden la viveza de imagen entre individuos de diferentes países, por eso, en nuestra investigación deseábamos averiguar si existían diferencias significativas entre los individuos de España y de Italia, y entre las mujeres y hombres, en tres tipos de imágenes mentales: viveza de imagen, control de imagen, y habilidad para la imagen espacial. Para ello, seleccionamos un grupo de 103 estudiantes universitarios italianos y otro grupo de 110 estudiantes universitarios españoles a los que se les aplicaron tres tipos de test: un test que medía viveza de imagen, otro que medía el control de imagen, y el tercero que medía la habilidad de imagen espacial. Se encontró que el género no influía en ninguna de las medidas de imagen utilizada, sin embargo, el país influyó en el control de imagen. Los españoles obtuvieron puntuaciones, en control de imagen, significativamente superiores a las que obtuvieron los individuos italianos. Se necesitan nuevos estudios que midan estos y otros tipos de imagen, en estos y en otros países, para llegar a tener un conocimiento de cómo se distribuye la capacidad de imagen por todo el mundo.
Determination of the Knowledge Awareness and Misconceptions of Sixth Grade Students about the Cell With Four Tier Test
Authors: BOZDAĞ Hüseyin Cihan , OK Gökçe
Published: July 2019

In this study, the
purpose is to determine the misconceptions and knowledge awareness of sixth
grade students about the cell by using four tier Cell Conceptual Measuring
Tool (CCMT). The study was conducted with 388 (184 female and 204 male)
students studying at a state middle school in Izmir city center. In the
analysis of the data, descriptive statistical techniques were used. According
to the results obtained, it was determined that the students had low
conceptual understanding rates about the cell. In the other hand, it has been
determined that students respond confidently to concepts that are incompatible
with scientific facts as a result of analysis of student responses based on
confidence levels. In this context, ten different misconceptions have been
identified, four of them are strong-level and six are intermediate-level. As a
result, the presence of strong-level misconceptions within the identified
misconceptions indicates that there are misconceptions which are more tightly
adhered to the cognitive structure of the students.
A Bibliometric Analysis in the Field of Sustainable Development and Education from Past to Present
Authors: DOĞRU Mustafa , GÜZELLER Cem Oktay , ÇELİK Melahat
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to show the tendencies
and trends of the last 10 years in the field of Sustainable Development and
Education by analyzing 7000 studies published between 2009-2018 bibliometrically.
For this purpose Web of Science Core Collection database was scanned for
“Sustainable Development” and “Education” headings and the bibliometric data of
the studies were acquired. Current issues concerning sustainable development
were revealed through this study for the purpose of making a contribution to
those academicians and researchers interested in Sustainable Development and
Education. The studies were analyzed according to: number of publications per
year, types of publication, language of publication, citation analysis, country
collaborations, common citation networks and concept-topic tendencies. In
addition, social network analysis was employed for determining common citation
networks and concept-topic tendencies. According to the results of this
analysis, it can be said that the interest towards the field dramatically
increased after 2000, in terms of both the number of publication and citations.
The studies were mainly presented in the form of article or paper and in
English. It was found that United States played a key role in country
collaborations, the journal with the highest number of citations is Journal of
Cleaner Production, whereas the author with the highest number of citations is
Anonymous under which many citations were gathered. On the other hand, the
study realized by Arnim Wiek, Lauren Withycombe and Charles L. Redman in 2011
is the most important reference source that has guided the field. Education,
Sustainability and Indonesia are the most studied topics in the field.
Öğretmenlerin Değişim Eğilimleri ile Sınıf Liderliği Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkiler
Authors: KORKMAZ Ercan , KARABAĞ KÖSE Esra
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın
amacı, öğretmenlerin değişim eğilimleri ile sınıf liderliği düzeyleri
arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. İlişkisel tarama modelinin kullanıldığı
araştırmaya, ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapan ve tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla
belirlenen 411 öğretmen katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak;
Değişim Eğilimleri Ölçeği ve Öğretmen Sınıf Liderliği Ölçeği Öğretmen Formu
kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler ile korelasyon ve
çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, değişim
eğilimlerinin pozitif boyutları (değişimde girişimcilik ve değişimin yararına
inanma) ile öğretmen sınıf liderliği düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde ve
anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermektedir. Bulgular, öğretmenlerin değişimde
girişimcilik ve değişimin yararına inanma eğilimlerinin öğretmen sınıf
liderliğini olumlu etkilediğini, statükoyu koruma eğilimlerinin ise olumsuz
etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda, öğretmenlerin okul ve
sınıf düzeyindeki inisiyatif alanlarının genişletilerek değişim ve
girişimcilik eğilimlerinin desteklenmesi önerilmektedir.
Toward a Muslim Ethics of Care: Leadership in American Islamic schools
Authors: DeCuir Amaarah
Published: July 2019

In this empirical study, I describe how Muslim women leading American Islamic schools enact a critical ethics of care framework in their leadership work. As previous critical studies indicate, this research moves beyond caring as an expression of emotion to the work of caring that transforms a community into one that can challenge inequities by building a climate of cultural affirmation. Through an analysis of qualitative interviews of such women, I advance a concept of Muslim ethics of care that communicates the caring work of school leaders rooted in establishing equity. The following four themes form the foundation of this conceptual framework: (a) caring to lead with equitable school practices; (b) caring as resistance to oppression, (c) caring through nurturing often described as “other mothering,” (d) and caring as an Islamic obligation. This study places these leaders’ voices within the broader context of a critical ethics of care framework, thereby demonstrating the role of faith-marginalized community leaders as social justice advocates.
Practicing Clinical Bioethics: Reflections from the Bedside
Authors: Mobin-Uddin Asma
Published: July 2019

Biomedical dilemmas are becoming more complex as modern medical technologies continue to advance. In my capacity as a clinical bioethicist, I deal with patients and families confronted by ethical issues and questions that arise during medical treatment. Muslim patients often turn to their faith to help them make medical decisions. In their efforts to avoid what is religiously impermissible, they often ask local imams, community leaders, or Muslim physicians for advice. But these groups typically lack sufficient training when it comes to applying Islamic concepts to the medical dilemmas we face in American hospitals today. In fact, Muslim religious advisors who lack the appropriate medical and religious training should not be giving medical advice. Instead, they should refer their questions to the appropriate scholars, professionals, or referral centers. I have noticed that recommendations received from higher-level Islamic scholars with clinical backgrounds are usually more thoughtful, nuanced, and flexible. Clinicians, patients, and families must be able to access thoughtful Islamic scholarship that supports medical decision making in an accessible, timely, and clinically useful way. By intensifying efforts to combine religious scholarship, clinical understanding, and the effective dissemination of information, those in the field of Islamic bioethics scholarship can better help and support patients and families in determining the most appropriate religiously sanctioned options for their particular circumstances. The American Muslim community must prioritize this field of study.
A comparison of airway microbiota in donors and recipients of lung transplants
Authors: Khubutiya M. Sh. , Gasanov A. M. , Tarabrin E. A. , Chernen’kaya T. V. , Kallagov T. E. , Pervakova E. I.
Published: July 2019

This study was aimed at investigation of relationships between bronchial washing culture in post-transplant recipient and bronchial flora of the lung donor. Methods. A comparative analysis of bronchial washing cultures from 30 post-transplant lung recipients was performed. All lung donors were stratified to ideal, suboptimal and marginal donors according to the lung transplant suitability. Results. As a result, development of post-transplant pulmonary complications was directly related to bacterial flora of the donor lung. The incidence of pneumonia in post-transplant patients was 3.3% after transplantation of ideal donor lungs, 20% after transplantation of suboptimal donors lungs and 100% after transplantation of marginal donor lungs. Conclusion. The rate of pneumonia in transplanted lungs was directly related to bronchial flora in the donor lungs. This should be taken into account when planning antibacterial therapy after lung transplantation.