bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cochlear Implantations in Jordan
Authors: AlKhtoum Nemer , AlTamimi Shawkat , Alalwan Osama , Alrfooh Abedlrazzaq , AlKrymeen Motasem
Published: July 2022

Aims:

This study aims to carry out a retrospective analysis of demographic information and post-operative complications with special emphasis on complications related to the soft tissue over the implanted device in patients who underwent cochlear implantation.

Settings and Design:

Retrospective study.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of 840 patients who had cochlear implants at our centre during the period between March 2010 and November 2020. The patients' demographic details and complications related to the soft tissue over the implanted device were analysed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

SPSS software version 12.

Results:

In total, 380 (45.2%) patients were male and 460 (54.8%) were female. The age of patients at the time of surgery ranged between 7 months and 68 years and the mean age was 4.64 ± 2.91 years. The majority of patients underwent unilateral cochlear implantation (837 patients), with only three patients receiving a bilateral implant. There were a total of 19 implanted patients who developed complications related to the soft tissue around the implanted device, with an incidence rate of 2.3%. Haematoma was the most commonly encountered complication and other complications were: seroma, wound infection, abscess formation and flap necrosis.

Conclusions:

Cochlear implantation is considered to be a reliable and safe surgical procedure for the rehabilitation of deaf patients. Complications can be avoided by proper patient preparation, appropriate incision and flap design, rigorous surgical techniques and periodic post-operative follow-up to detect and manage any complications early.
Day and Night Blood Pressure Variability among Older Persons in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Adeoye Abiodun M. , Adebusoye Lawrence Adekunle , Fakunle Adekunle G. , Aderonmu Olajumoke I. , Adebayo Oladimeji M. , Michael Obaro S. , Adetona Moses Olusola , Thrift Amanda G. , Olaiya Muideen T. , Owolabi Mayowa O.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Hypertension is the largest contributor to the global burden of disease. Emerging risk factors for cardiovascular disease include blood pressure variability (BPV), but evidence on BPV is lacking among older Nigerians. We reported BPV in a cohort of older persons at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of respondents aged >50 years within the Ibadan Ambulatory Blood Pressure Registry at the UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. Socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits and anthropometric measurements were obtained.

Results:

Among 639 respondents, 332 (52.0%) were female. The blood pressure (BP) variables were strongly associated with age. Compared with younger age groups, mean diastolic BP (DBP) was less at an older age, whereas mean pulse pressure was greater. During the wake-up and sleep periods, mean DBP and mean arterial BP were less with each increasing age category, whereas mean pulse pressure was larger with each increasing age category. BP dipping, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BP decreased with age. Overall, timed BPV increased significantly with increasing age. The prevalence of white-coat hypertension was greater among older participants than younger participants. Most respondents in the 50–59 years' age group were non-dippers (55.8%), whereas 33.7% of older respondents were reverse-dippers.

Conclusion:

Older persons experienced a greater abnormal circadian blood variation and greater BPV than younger people. In Nigeria, follow-up data are needed to determine the prognostic significance of these data in this population.
Normative Scores for Select Neuropsychological Battery Tests for the Detection of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder amongst Nigerians
Authors: Nweke Martins , Mshunqane Nombeko , Govender Nalini , Akinpelu Aderonke O. , Ogunniyi Adesola
Published: July 2022

Background:

The study aimed to derive socio-demographic–corrected norms for selecting neuropsychological (NP) battery tests for people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Nigeria. This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst patients who attended the general outpatient clinic and junior staff of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla.

Aims and Objectives:

To determine the normative scores for select neuropsychological battery test for the detection of neurocognitive disorder amongst Nigerians PLWHIV. A sample of 92 individuals received voluntary HIV testing.

Methods:

Eligibility criteria were being HIV negative, aged 18–64 years and formal education. We undertook a brief neuromedical examination to identify putative exclusion criteria. We sampled four NP tests covering seven cognitive domains and the motor speed component of the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS-MS). We presented the normative scores using statistics of mean, median, standard deviation (SD), kurtosis and skewness.

Results:

All the participants were Nigerians aged 18–64 years. Most (74.1%) of the participants were females. The mean and median ages of the participants were 42.6 ± 11.42 years and 44 years, respectively. The effect of gender on NP performance was limited to the digit span test (DST)-forwards, while education affected all expect IHDS-MS and DST-backwards. The cut-off scores for defining mild and severe impairment varied (moving from 1SD to 2SD) for all cognitive domains except for IHDS-MS and DST.

Conclusions:

With these preliminary normative scores, it will be easier to identify and classify the severity of neurocognitive impairment amongst PLWHIV in Nigeria, thus facilitating the goal of keeping HIV-associated dementia to a minimum. The lack of variability in the IHDS-MS and DST is unfavourable.
Prevalence of Skeletal-Related Events in Hormone-naive Prostate Cancer in a Low Resource Setting
Authors: Ugwumba Fredrick Obiefuna , Nnabugwu Ikenna Ifeanyi , Okoh Agharighom David , Echetabu Kevin Ndubuisi , Onwuasoigwe Okechukwu , Nwosu Ekeoma Okey
Published: July 2022

Background:

Presentation with symptoms of advanced prostate cancer is prevalent in developing societies. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of and factors associated with skeletal-related events (SREs) at presentation with hormone-naïve prostate cancer.

Methods:

Records of 331 consecutive prostate cancer patients from January 2009 to April 2018 were reviewed. The prevalence of SRE at the presentation was determined. In addition, the relationships between SRE and age of patient, duration of clinical features, serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and biopsy Gleason score (GS) at presentation were evaluated. Analyses were done with IBM SPSS® version 25.

Results:

Mean age was 69.8 ± 8.0 years. While 43.8% of patients had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) only, 51.4% had LUTS and other features of disease progression. Only 2.1% of the cases were confirmed from screen detection of elevated serum tPSA. SREs were observed in 11.8% at first presentations with hormone-naïve prostate cancer. Symptom duration (odds ratio [OR] 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–0.99; P = 0.02), anaemia that could not be attributed to gross haematuria or external blood loss (OR 9.6; 95% CI 3.12–29.52; P < 0.001) and transrectal biopsy GS (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.17–2.22; P = 0.003) were significantly associated with SREs at presentation with hormone-naïve prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

Evidence exists that patients who present with SREs from more aggressive prostate cancers may have had more rapid symptom progression, but not a longer delay before presentation.
X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis Presenting with Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in a Male Nigerian Adolescent
Authors: Babalola Yewande O. , Ibiyemi Abisola A. , Oluseye Moteniola O.
Published: July 2022

A 15-year-old boy came to the eye clinic with reduced vision in the left eye of a year's duration and prior trauma. Best-corrected visual acuity was 6/9 and hand movement in both eyes, respectively. The anterior segment examination was essentially normal except for a Marcus Gunn pupil and a polar cataract in the left eye. Goldmann applanation tonometry was 10 and 06 mmHg, respectively, in the right and left eyes. Binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy of the right eye revealed pink disc, normal vessels and the Mizuo–Nakamura phenomenon with a cartwheel appearance at the macula. The left eye had a total retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy and retinal tear at 12 o' clock. Optical coherence tomography revealed posterior vitreous detachment and schitic cavities at the macula in the left eye. A diagnosis of left rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with background X-linked juvenile retinoschisis was made. The patient was advised on a pars plana vitrectomy under guarded visual prognosis.
Profiles of Sugar Fermenting Bacteria of the Oral Cavity among Children with Dental Caries Attending Stomatology Services at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital in Musanze District, Northern Rwanda
Authors: Yadufashije Callixte , Uwase Diane , Muhimpundu Liliane , Izere Cedrick , Mucumbitsi Joseph , Munyeshyaka Emmanuel , Twagirumukiza Gratien , Mwanzia Lydia Nzisa , Migabo Hiberte , Mala Albert Onyango
Published: July 2022

Background:

Dental caries remains a public health threat of concern among children. About 2.3 billion people are affected by dental caries, of which 530 million are children globally.

Objective:

This study was carried out to identify sugar fermenting bacteria in the oral cavity and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, assess the association with sugar fermenter bacteria and dental caries and evaluate dental caries outcomes among children.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted between October 2021 and February 2022 at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital. About 136 oral swab samples were collected from children with and without dental caries at 1:1 ratio. The samples were put in Stuart sterile container and transported to INES-clinical microbiology laboratory for microbial identification. Logistic regression analysis of demographic characteristics was performed to study the relationship between demographic variables and dental caries. Chi-square test was performed for the association between variables.

Results:

About 67.6% were male, while children of age 7–9 years (64.7%) dominated the age groups. Lactobacilli spp (15.29%) and Streptococcus mutans (12.94%) were the most predominant microorganisms observed in the oral cavity among children with dental caries. The S. mutans (x
2 = 27.03, P < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.2901–0.5785), S. aureus (x
2 = 34.59, P < 0.00001, 95% CI = 0.3541–0.6292), Enterobacter aerogenes (x
2 = 13.5, P = 0.000239, 95% CI = 0.151–0.4622), Serratia marcescens (x
2 = 11.64, P = 0.00645, 95% CI = 0.1275–0.4418) and Klebsiella pneumonia (x
2 = 13.51, P = 0.000237, 95% CI = 0.1511–0.4623) were significantly associated with dental caries. Teeth loss (x
2 = 51.04, P < 0.00001, 95% CI = 0.4757–0.7205), teeth pain (x
2 = 5.05, P = 0.0246, 95% CI = 0.0249–0.33499), and infection (x
2 = 4.73, P = 0.02964, 95% CI = 0.0186–0.3441) were dental outcomes associated with tooth decay. Ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and amoxicillin were the most sensitive antibiotics, while vancomycin and chloramphenicol were the most resistant.

Conclusion:

Sugar consumption favours the growth of sugar fermenter bacteria that cause dental caries among children. Dental caries is associated with adverse oral health outcomes among children. Oral health education is recommended for children. Parents are advised to reduce the consumption of sugary food for their children for oral health safety.
Caregivers' Perception and Determinants of Delayed Presentation of Children with Severe Malaria in an Emergency Room in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Abiodun Moses Temidayo , Ilori Oluwatosin Ruth
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Severe malaria is a leading cause of mortality due to late presentation to health facilities. Hence, there is a need to identify and mitigate factors promoting delayed presentation with severe malaria.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate determinants of delayed presentation of children with severe malaria in a tertiary referral hospital.

Methods:

This study adopted a descriptive, cross-sectional design. The participants were children with a diagnosis of severe malaria, based on WHO diagnostic criteria. Delayed presentation was defined as presentation at the referral centre at >3 days of illness. Inferential analyses were done to identify factors associated with delayed presentation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 126 children with severe malaria participated in the study; their mean (standard deviation) age was 4.2 (5.3) years. The prevalence of delayed presentation in this study is 37.3%. Socio-economic class (P = 0.003); marital status (P = 0.015) and the number of health facilities visited before admission in the referral centre (P = 0.008) were significantly associated with delayed presentation. Children from upper socio-economic class were thrice more likely to present late, compared to those from lower social class (odds ratio [OR] = 3.728, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.694–8.208; P = 0.001). Likewise, the Yorubas were more delayed than the Binis (OR = 0.408, 95% CI: 0.180–0.928; P = 0.033). There was a negative correlation between caregivers' perception of treatment (r = −0.113, P = 0.21) of convulsion in severe malaria and timing of presentation.

Conclusions:

Delayed presentation is common with multifactorial determinants in the setting. Health education of caregivers on the consequences of delayed presentation in severe malaria is desirable.
Surgical Resident Doctors' Perception of their Training using Surgical Theatre Educational Environment Measure (STEEM) Tool in Postgraduate Surgical Residency Training Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Elebute Olumide Abiodun , Sule Salami Suberu , Mofikoya Bolaji O. , Jeje Emmanuel Ajibola , Atoyebi Oluwole Ayoola
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Postgraduate Medical Education is ‘the constellation of learning activities carried out to enable doctors to develop relevant competencies and deeper knowledge in specific subject areas after completion of basic medical education’. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of surgical resident doctors of their training in accredited institutions in Nigeria, using the Surgical Theatre Educational Environment Measure (STEEM) inventory.

Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional observational study that employed the STEEM instrument which was administered online via email to surgical resident doctors in all the surgical residency training institutions in Nigeria accredited by the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria. The STEEM is a validated 40 item, self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23. Cronbach's alpha was calculated for the whole STEEM and the sub-scales for both reliability and internal consistency.

Results:

One hundred and sixty-six respondents filled the questionnaire out of 464 people contacted, giving a respondent rate of 35.7%. There were 156 (94.0%) males and 10 (6.0%) female respondents. One hundred respondents (60.2%) had global STEEM scores less than the benchmark of 120, three (1.8%) with scores of 120 and 63 (38.0%) had scores >120.

Conclusion:

The majority of the respondents in our study indicated dissatisfaction with their operational educational environment experience.
Mobile Phone Usage among Nigerians
Authors: Akinbo Sunday Rufus , Aiyegbusi Ayoola Ibifubara , Okafor Udoka Arinze , Balogun Oluwaseyi Jessy
Published: July 2022

Aims:

The increase in the usage of hand-held devices (HHDs) and smartphones (SPs), especially in Nigeria has resulted in an upsurge of musculoskeletal complaints. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries due to mobile phone usage among Nigerians and the preventive strategies.

Materials and Methods:

This study involved 630 male and female participants above 18 years old who were purposively recruited across designated study centres in public places. The instrument used was a questionnaire specifically designed to suit the Nigerian culture and environment and developed from previously validated questionnaires. Data were exported to Statistical Computing Programming R version 4.0.5 for analysis and Chi-square was used to compare the characteristics of those who experienced injury using SPs/HHDS and those who did not. Independent variables with a 95% confidence level and P < 0.05 in the multivariate model were considered statistically significant.

Results:

The most common daily use of SPs/HHDS by the participants was phone calls (98.4%) followed closely by social networking (96.0%) while the occupation and educational level of the participants had statistically significant (P < 0.05) impact on musculoskeletal injuries. The type of mobile device and the time spent using these devices were also significant (P < 0.05) risk factors for injuries. Some self-treatment strategies adopted by the participants were all significantly (P < 0.05) associated with reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort.

Conclusion:

The occupation, educational level, the types of mobile devices and time spent using the devices were risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries.
Power Quality Improvement using Parallel Connected FACTS Device with Simplified d-q Control
Authors: Rajesh N. , Venu Gopala Rao M. , Srinivasa Rao R.
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Distribution network is mainly affected by the end user load nature. Ruinous influence on power system operation based on the type of load used by the end user and due to the presence of non-linear loads causes Harmonics in power system. The concept of reducing the harmful effect of harmonics on power system attracted the research attentiveness.
OBJECTIVES: To reduce these harmonics and reactive power problems FACTS devices are found reliable. Out of various FACTS devices, Active Power Filter (APF) is one FACTS device which identifies and controls the harmonic contamination in power system with non-linear loads. This work mainly presents a parallel APF concept for the compensation of harmonics to improve the reliability of the system.
METHODS: The main contribution of this work is proposal of single control strategy for compensation of Power quality. Corrective back currents (for parallel APF) to compensate the identified harmonics are generated using modified d-q reference-based control methodology.
RESULTS: The models are developed, and analysis is presented using MATLAB/SIMULINK software
CONCLUSION: d-q reference theory control strategy is explained in detail. Load current, Source Voltage and DC link voltage which are measured using various sensors and send to processor. modified d-q reference the signals to be measured are same
Гензелевы алгебры с делением и приведенные унитарные группы Уайтхеда для внешних форм анизотропных алгебраических групп типа $A_n$
Authors: Yanchevskii Vyacheslav Ivanovich
Published: July 2022

Получены результаты о строении инволютивных гензелевых слабо разветвленных алгебр с делением, которые затем используются при получении формул для вычисления приведенных унитарных групп Уайтхеда внешних форм анизотропных алгебраических групп типа $A_n$.
Библиография: 46 названий.
Numerical Assessment of Tribological Performance of Different Low Viscosity Engine Oils in a 4-Stroke CI Light-Duty ICE
Authors: Tormos Bernardo , Jiménez Antonio J. , Fang Tianshi , Mainwaring Robert , Lizarraga-Garcia Enrique
Published: July 2022

Decreasing fuel consumption in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) is a key target for engine developers in order to achieve the CO2 emissions limits during a standard cycle. In this context, reduction of engine friction could help meet those targets. The use of Low Viscosity Engine Oils (LVEOs), which is currently one of the avenues to achieve such reductions, was studied in this manuscript through a validated numerical simulation model that predicts the friction of the engine’s piston-cylinder unit, journal bearings and camshaft. These frictional power losses were obtained for four different lubricant formulations which differ in their viscosity grades and design. Results showed a maximum friction variation of up to 6% depending on the engine operating condition, where the major reductions came from hydrodynamic-dominated components such as journal bearings, despite an increase in friction in boundary-dominated components such as the piston-ring assembly. Also, an evaluation of the potential fuel reduction that can be obtained by low viscosity oils during a WLTC approval cycle was performed. Overall, a fuel saving of 1% was obtained. In general terms, the majority of the engine map showed potential for mechanical loss reduction through LVEOs, that is, a better engine efficiency and consequently a decrease in the fuel consumption and CO2 emitted to the atmosphere. The present work also exemplifies the trade-offs encountered when reducing the engine friction through LVEOs and highlights the need to co-engineer the hardware and lubricant in order to utilize the full friction reduction potential of LVEOs.
Parts Consolidation of Automotive Front Crossmember: From Two-Piece CFRP Design to One-Piece Design
Authors: Krsikapa Daniel , Jalayer Shayan , Dossett Wesley , Lee Young Min , Ko Kwang Un , Huh Mong Young , Choi Byeung Hyeun , Ku Ja Won , Lee Keon Chul , Kim Il Yong
Published: July 2022

As demand for fuel efficiency rises, an increasing number of automotive companies are replacing their existing metal designs with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) redesigns. Due to the handling and manufacturing processes associated with CFRP materials, engineers have more design freedom to create complex, light-weight designs, which would be infeasible to manufacture using metal. Additionally, it is likely that by redesigning with CFRP, many steel assemblies can be consolidated to significantly fewer parts, simplifying or potentially eliminating the assembly process. When designing an automotive crossmember using CFRP materials, designers often aim for a two-piece design (top and bottom), while utilizing reinforcement material where needed. The joining of these two pieces is typically accomplished with many mechanical fasteners and adhesives, significantly increasing the part count and the manufacturing complexity. The objective of this research project is to redesign an existing steel front crossmember to a one-piece CFRP design, removing the need for most of the mechanical fasteners and adhesives. While a reduction in stiffness was observed in the final design, strength requirements were met, and the overall mass was reduced by over 25%. This work shows that a one-piece CFRP crossmember is possible and should be further explored in the automotive industry.
Unified Power-Based Analysis of Combustion Engine and Battery Electric Vehicle Energy Consumption
Authors: Phlips Patrick , Megli Thomas , Ruona William
Published: July 2022

The previously developed power-based fuel consumption theory for Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEV) is extended to Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV). The main difference between the BEV model structure and the ICEV is the bi-directional character of traction motors and batteries. A traction motor model was developed as a bi-linear function of positive and negative traction power. Another difference is that the accessories and cabin heating are powered directly from the battery, and not from the powertrain. The resulting unified model for ICEV and BEV energy consumption has linear terms proportional to positive and negative traction power, accessory power, and overhead, in varying proportions. Compared to the ICEV, the BEV powertrain has a high marginal efficiency and low overhead. As a result, BEV energy consumption data under a wide range of driving conditions are mainly proportional to net traction power, with only a small offset. Powertrain ‘bottom-up’ data and vehicle ‘top-down’ data are well described by the model. The observed powertrain transfer function can be used to estimate the energy consumption changes when it is used in different vehicle variants or under different driving conditions. Analytically derived range estimates are then possible for variants of a base BEV, just as analytically derived fuel economy can be estimated for ICEV variants.
Evaluation of High-Temperature Martensitic Steels for Heavy-Duty Diesel Piston Applications
Authors: Gingrich Eric , Pierce Dean , Byrd Gerald , Sebeck Katherine , Korivi Vamshi , Muralidharan Govindarajan , Wang Hsin , Torres James , Trofimov Artem , Haynes James , Tess Michael
Published: July 2022

Five different commercially available high-temperature martensitic steels were evaluated for use in a heavy-duty diesel engine piston application and compared to existing piston alloys 4140 and microalloyed steel 38MnSiVS5 (MAS). Finite element analyses (FEA) were performed to predict the temperature and stress distributions for severe engine operating conditions of interest, and thus aid in the selection of the candidate steels. Complementary material testing was conducted to evaluate the properties relevant to the material performance in a piston. The elevated temperature strength, strength evolution during thermal aging, and thermal property data were used as inputs into the FEA piston models. Additionally, the long-term oxidation performance was assessed relative to the predicted maximum operating temperature for each material using coupon samples in a controlled-atmosphere cyclic-oxidation test rig. A current commercial steel piston alloy, quenched and tempered martensitic steel 4140, was tested in a single-cylinder research engine for a baseline oxidation and mechanical performance assessment using an abbreviated (50h) durability test plan. The predicted suitability of a candidate piston material in an engine is primarily based on its elevated temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and the complex influence of thermal conductivity, the latter of which is substantially lower for the candidate materials considered in this research relative to the traditional alloys. Although the lower thermal conductivity causes the candidate alloys to operate in higher temperature ranges under identical engine operating conditions and piston geometries, increasing the likelihood of partially or completely negating their strength and oxidation resistance advantages relative to 4140 and MAS steels, this evaluation indicates that several of the candidate piston alloys are predicted to enable improved oxidation resistance under more severe engine operating conditions relative to the current piston materials. However, further evaluation is required to determine if the elevated temperature fatigue strength and durability of these alloys are suitable for more severe engine conditions.
Poczucie sensu życia wśród młodzieży akademickiej
Authors: Joachimiak Emilia
Published: July 2022

Sense of Meaning in Life among College Students

The aim of the study was to examine the strength of the sense of meaning in life among students and to check its relationship with professed values and goals, as well as to indicate which values are most important for students. The results are based on the author’s study of 250 students of Kraków’s universities, carried out due to pandemic conditions by means of an online questionnaire. The majority of the respondents demonstrated an average strength of the sense of meaning in life and the most frequently indicated most important values for them were health, love and independence. The strongest correlations with the sense of meaning in life were friendship, love and family, and somewhat weaker correlations were religious faith and richness of experiences. People with a clear purpose in life had a stronger sense of meaning in life.
Neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy: 10-year observational study
Authors: Simonova Olga I. , Krasyukova Anastasiya A. , Ovsyannikov Dmitry Yu. , Smirnova Galina I. , Meshcheryakov Vitaly V. , Kustova Olga V. , Babayan Anna R. , Simonov Maksim V.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study is to establish the prevalence of neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) in the structure of chronic lung diseases (CLD) and congenital lung malformations (CLM), clinical and instrumental diagnostics of these diseases in patients hospitalized at the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow over the period from 2012 to 2022. Materials and methods. Longitudinal non comparative single-center study of fourteen NEHI patients, diagnosed on the basis of 3 out of 4 signs of childhood CHILD-syndrome and the presence of typical CT signs of diseases, CLD and CLM patients. In all NEHI patients, the prevalence of clinical and instrumental signs was determined according to the scale, which includes 10 signs: onset of signs before the age of 12 months, delayed physical development, absence of drumstick symptom, absence of cough and wheezing (apart from episodes of respiratory infections), chest abnormalities, crackles, hypoxemia, tachypnea, retraction. Results. NEHI is a rare (0.53%) CLD in infants. The clinical scale for the diagnosis of NEHI is of practical importance in the early diagnosis of diseases; its use can reduce the prescription of drugs that are not effective for NEHI.
Quality of life in obese schoolchildren
Authors: Latyshev Dmitry Y. , Lobanov Yuri F. , Tekutyeva Nadezhda A. , Strozenko Ludmila A.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. According to the latest data, about forty-three million children under 5 years of age are overweight worldwide and more than 340 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years are overweight or obese. Health-related quality of life is a promising tool that allows including a subjective description of the condition by the patient himself, along with laboratory, instrumental and other examinations, for a more complete assessment of his clinical status. Aim. To study the influence of the severity of obesity and individual components of the metabolic syndrome on the indicators of the quality of life in schoolchildren. Materials and methods. The study included twenty-eight obese children (SDS BMI ≥+2), 17 boys (60.7%), 11 girls (39.3%), mean age 12.2 ± 1.9 years. Obesity Ι degree (SDS BMI 2-2.5) was diagnosed in 13 cases, ΙΙ degree (SDS BMI ≥ 2.6-3.0) - in 7, ΙΙΙ degree (SDS BMI 3.1-3.9) - in 8 children. When establishing the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, the standard criteria for metabolic syndrome in patients over 10 years were used. The comparison group consisted of 30 conditionally healthy children of comparable age. The quality of life was assessed using the Russian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory - PedsQLTM4.0. Results. Obese children scored lowest on emotional well-being (62.4; 95% CI 54.5-70.3) and school functioning (61.1; 95% CI 54.6-67.5) in relation to the responses of healthy children (EF - 79.1; 95% CI 77.3-80.8 points; FFS - 85.7; 95% CI 82.7-88.7 points; p < 0.001). A negative correlation was found between the severity of obesity (SDS BMI) and the scale of physical functioning. Arterial hypertension has the most pronounced negative impact on the quality of life, and on indicators of physical and psychosocial functioning. The identified disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined have no any significant impact on the quality of life parameters. Conclusion. In obese children, there is a significant decrease in quality of life indicators for all studied parameters (p < 0.001), excluding the indicator of social functioning (p = 0.249). Among the components of the metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension has a significant negative impact on the indicators of physical and psychosocial functioning.
Cystatin C and lipocalin — endogenous markers of glomerular filtration in children born prematurely
Authors: Tsintsadze Bella D.
Published: July 2022

The need to search for new markers of the functional state of the kidneys is increasing due to the gain in the number of extremely premature infants. The review analyzes publications on the possibilities of assessing kidney function using cystatin C and lipocalin in children born prematurely. The constant rate of cystatin C production in all tissues, its elimination through the renal glomerular filter, the absence of secretion in the proximal tubules, as well as independence from many factors, including gender, age, diet, inflammation are ideal conditions for its use as an endogenous biochemical marker of glomerular filtration. Due to biochemical features, the analysis of serum levels of cystatin C was established to be a promising method in the diagnosis of acute renal injury (AKI) in premature infants. For a comprehensive assessment of kidney function in premature infants, simultaneous determination of lipocalin and cystatin C levels in the blood may be important. At the same time, the evaluation of these indicators may have diagnostic significance in predicting the development of chronic kidney disease in children who underwent AKI in infancy. The absence of reference values of lipocalin and cystatin C in premature infants was concluded to hinder the clinical use of their quantitative analysis for a comprehensive assessment of the functional state of the kidneys.
Exploring the Impact of Workshops and a Mini-Project in Student Teachers Becoming Qualitative Researchers
Authors: Ramdani Junjun , Yanto Elih , Sri Melisa , Djunaedi Rahmat
Published: July 2022

Drawing on Vygotsky's "space framework" (Harré, 1984; Mostofo & Zambo, 2015), this article reports the findings of our action research project that examined student teachers' beliefs and behavior changes while completing a qualitative research project. Our research question was, "to what extent do student teachers change their beliefs and behaviors about qualitative research (QR) after participating in a two-workshop series of qualitative designs in language classrooms and doing a mini-project?" The participants of this study were eight student teachers at an Indonesian university, and the research data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. The study's findings show that student teachers changed their beliefs and practices about QR because they were shown how to do QR by an experienced professional qualitative researcher and conducted a mini-project. In addition, the workshops and the mini-project inspired and encouraged them to become qualitative researchers in TESOL and increased their research literacy such as how to find a research area and setting research goals.
KAJIAN ANALISIS TERHADAP PENYELENGGARAAN MAJELIS TA’LIM DALAM PP. NO. 55 TAHUN 2007
Authors: Rifhan Halili Heri , Na'imah Cik , Prasetiya Benny
Published: July 2022

This article discusses an analytical study of the implementation of the majleis ta'lim based on PP No. 55 of 2007. As the oldest educational institution in Indonesia, the taklim assembly functions as a medium for disseminating the Islamic teachings of the guardians. As the embryo of the implementation of Islamic boarding schools and Islamic boarding schools, Majleis Taklim has a very significant function in increasing the religiosity of the Islamic ummah. The presence of government policies in PP no. 55 of 2007 concerning religious education and religious education, one of which regulates the ta'lim assembly is one of the right policies according to the needs of the community, especially Muslims. However, in its application, PP No. 55 of 2007 especially in article 21 which explains about the ta'lim assemblies need to be guarded and guarded by providing technical guidance from the government in this case winning, so that the ta'lim majlis can optimize its role in the midst of Muslims, and do not experience problems. problems that can actually hinder the development of the ta'lim assembly.
GADAI MENURUT PANDANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Alfi Syahrin Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Sebagai makhluk sosial, yang mana dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia tak terlepas dari yang namanya transaksi. Manusia dijadikan oleh Allah SWT. untuk  melengkapi satu sama lain, saling membutuhkan sesama manusia, supaya mereka dapat saling membantu, berbuat baik dengan jalan sewa- menyewa, tukar- menukar, bertani, atau dengan jalan yang lainnya. Salah satu bentuk transaksi dalam islam ialah Gadai (ar-rahn) yang merupakan akad hutang piutang dengan menjadikan barang atau benda yang memiliki nilai untuk dijadikan sebagai jaminan terhadap hutang yang diterimanya. Hal ini digunakan untuk memberikan rasa nyaman dan tentram dari pemberi pinjaman supaya apa yang ia pinjamkan kepada peminjam menjadi lebih meyakinkan. Pada dasarnya gadai (ar-rahn) termasuk dalam sebuah transaksi utang-piutang juga sekaligus dapat membantu sesama muslim dalam menjalankan hubungan sosial antara umat manusia. Karena kegiatan gadai ini tidak dilarang dalam Islam selama itu tidak menyimpang dari ketentuan yang sudah digariskan dalam al-Quran, al-Hadis, juga penjelasan dari para ulama. Namun dalam masyarakat masih terdapat banyak yang tidak memahami konsep gadai menurut ketentuan agama islam
KAJIAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN USIA DEWASA DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONSEP ANDRAGOGI
Authors: Halili Heri Rifhan
Published: July 2022

Para Ulama menyebutkan bahwa hukum seorang muslim mampu membaca al-Qur’an dengan baik dan benar adalah fardhu ‘ain, agar terhidar dari kesalahan yang dapat merubah makna dari ayat yang dibaca. Namun realita dan fakta menunjukkan hal yang berbeda. Institut Ilmu al-Qur’an Jakarta dalam penelitiannya yang dipublikasikan tahun 2018 menyebut, jumlah umat islam di Indonesia yang mampu membaca al-Qur’an dengan baik dan benar masih cukup rendah, yaitu berkisar 20% dari total seluruh umat islam yang ada. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya pada kalangan orang dewasa adalah minimnya metode pembelajaran membaca al-Qur’an yang dirancang khusus untuk memenuhi gaya dan psikologi belajar membaca al-Qur’an orang dewasa. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang metode pembelajaran pembaca al-Qur’an untuk orang dewasa dengan pendekatan konsep andragogi. Menggunakan metode penelitian studi literatur, yang dilakukan dengan menelaah sejumlah jurnal terkait dengan metode pembelajaran al-Qur’an orang dewasa dan seputar pembahasan konsep andragogi, yang kemudian digunakan mengindentifikasi apa permasalahan orang dewasa dalam belajar al-Qur’an, untuk selanjutnya menghasilakan metode pembelajaran membaca al-Qur’an yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan orang dewasa. Hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pembelajaran al-Qur’an pada orang dewasa dengan pendekatan konsep andragogi dapat dilakukan dengan merapkan sintaks pembelajaran yang disingkat dengan kalimat MUDAHKAN, yaitu: Motivasi, Ulangi sekilas pelajaran lama dan uraikan pelajaran baru, Dibaca - disimak - diulang-ulang, Apresiasi, Hormati, Konsepkan, Arahkan, dan Nilai atau evaluasi.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEBIASAAN DAN MOTIVASI MEMAKAI JILBAB TERHADAP PERILAKU ISLAMI MAHASISWI STAI MUHAMMADIYAH KOTA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Yani Fitri , Prasetiya Benny , Rifhan Halili Heri
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan berawal dari sebuah pemikiran bahwa jilbab adalah suatu kewajiban bagi perempuan. Jilbab digunakan untuk menutup aurat. Dengan jilbab juga kita bisa terhindar dari perbuat yang tidak menyenangkan. Perilaku islami adalah tingkah laku seseorang dalam mentaati perintah Allah Swt. Jadi kita sebagai perempuan sebisa mungkin harus menutup aurat yang kita miliki.Kecuali telapak tangan dan juga wajah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan dan motivasi memakai jilbab dengan perilaku islami pada mahasiswa mahasiswi Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Muhammadiyah Probolinggo. Subjek pada penelitian ini merupakan mahasiswi-mahasiswi Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Muhammadiyah Probolinggo dengan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan linier yang signifikan antara kebiasaan dan motivasi memakai jilbab dengan perilaku islami.
PENANAMAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PADA MASYARAKAT URBAN MELALUI MAJLIS SYABABUL A’DHOM DI PERUMAHAN GRAND HILTON PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Sari Sayunovita , Hidayah Ulil
Published: July 2022

Abstrack: This paper is a research on the model of embedding Islamic education in urban communities in a group of Grand Gilton housing estates, Probolinggo City. Socio-culturally, people who live in urban and rural areas have different lifestyles in various ways, one of which is the mindset and behavior in studying how to study religion. In this study, the method used was descriptive qualitative by digging up data on the role of the Syababun A'dhom majlis ta'lim in instilling the values of Islamic education in the congregation, which is widely followed by residents of the Grand Hilton housing and surrounding areas. The results of the study describe the model of activities carried out by the Syababun A'dhom ta'lim council, namely by carrying out scheduled learning activities to read the Koran face to face or privately to residents' homes, conducting studies of Islamic reference books, completing the Koran in the month of Ramadan regularly. anjangsana, social service activities, and nature tourism. All activities are carried out consistently and without any fees.  Keywords: Islamic Education, Urban Society  Abstrak: Tulisan ini adalah penelitian tentang model penanaman pendidikan Islam pada masyarakat urban di sekelompok perumahan Grand Gilton Kota Probolinggo. Secara sosial kultural masyarakat yang hidup diperkotaan dan di pedesaan memiliki corak gaya hidup yang berbeda dalam berbagai hal, salah satunya adalah pola pikir dan tingkah laku dalam mendalami cara mendalami keagamaan. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah deskrptif kualitatif dengan menggali data pada peran majlis ta’lim Syababun A’dhom dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam pada jamaah yang banyak diikuti oleh warga perumahan Grand Hilton dan sekitarnya. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan model kegiatan yang dilakukan majlis ta’lim Syababun A’dhom adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran baca al Quran secara terjadwal tatap muka maupun secara privat ke rumah warga, melakukan kegiatan kajian kitab-kitab rujukan Islam, khataman al Quran pada bulan Romadhon secara anjangsana, kegiatan bakti sosial, serta melakukan wisata alam. Semua kegiatan yang dilakukan secara istiqomah dan tanpa ada pungutan biaya.  Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Islam, Masyarakat urban
USLUGE PRIVATNOG SEKTORA BEZBEDNOSTI U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Authors:   University ", Antonović Ratomir ,   Union Nikola Tesla",   Belgrade
Published: July 2022

The issue of security today is one of the most important issues at the global level. Security was never threatened and there were no more security risks. Crime is one of the strongest security risks, which equally affects all layers of society and leaves all harmful consequences to all subjects. This means that crime has a detrimental impact on citizens, the economy and the state. On the other hand, the logical question is how to resist this security risk and how to reduce it to some of the least borders, in order to minimize its harmfulness. Consideration of private sector security services in the Republic of Serbia goes towards the organization of subjects from this sector, analysis of the principles of their work and their efficiency.
PRIVATNI INVESTICIONI FONDOVI
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Labudović Stanković Jasmina
Published: July 2022

Investment funds are very important institutional investors. In this article, the focus of the author is on a special type of investment funds - private equity funds. These funds are in many ways different from public investment funds. In this paper we will speak about the types of private equity funds, but also the types of their investments. There are no restrictions on the investment of this type of investment funds. That means that investment of private equity funds are very risky, but also with very high profit.
OBRNUTA HIPOTEKA /NOVUM ILI JOŠ JEDNA PREVARA?
Authors:   University of Rijeka, Faculty of Law, Nakić Jakob
Published: July 2022

Even with the 1930-ies known in the Western world financial product called reverse mortgage. For seniors who do not have enough money for daily life, health and similar needs, but at the same time have valuable properties in which they live, and do not intend to sell them, meant the possibility of increasing their current income using the so-called. A reverse mortgage, which is in the world, as shown by an acceptable and increasingly popular solution. A reverse mortgage is a loan which the debtor are not effective, is not transmitted and on possible successors than this only of the mortgaged property, all other assets from possible savings, pensions, moving and other objects of real estate remains intact. The paper gives a presentation of the Polish Law about reverse mortgages. Given that we are talking about a very sensitive group of people, of course, is as the Central Bank has set tough conditions for a reverse mortgage, but because of the protection for pensioners, and because the banks are not turning into sellers of real estate. Finally, the author comes to the conclusion that this is not the time that a reverse mortgage is the introduction into the legal system of the Republic Croatia.
INVESTICIONE USLUGE BROKERSKO-DILERSKOG DRUŠTVA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Brašić Stojanović Jovana
Published: July 2022

Participants in the financial market, in addition to issuers and investors, are also numerous service financial institutions, which through their intermediary activity significantly contribute to economic development through the linking of the surplus and deficit sector of the economy. Among many financial institutions, broker-dealer companies have a special importance. The author deals with the research of various forms of investment services performed by broker-dealer companies, with the intention of highlighting the importance of transparency and efficiency in the performance of activities, the importance of legal security, the preservation of trust in financial institutions and the importance of client protection. Also, the author analyzes the regulatory framework of the Republic of Serbia for the provision of investment services by broker-dealer companies, which, in compliance with the set standards, provides freedom in providing investment services and legal security for all participants in the financial market.
The Private Sector’s Environmental Information Duty According to the Aarhus Convention
Authors: Schmitt Lara
Published: July 2022

This article focuses on individual information claims based on the Aarhus Convention and its implementing Environmental Information Directive. The author examines whether and - if applicable - which private actors can be qualified as public authority in the sense of the Convention. This problem is not only of academic interest, but vital for the practical use of the right to access environmental information: Only if applicants know who the right addressee for such request is, are they able to submit it. All the more important are the concrete national implementing laws on which applicants can rely. Here, the author presents Germany´s multiple federal- and regional implementation laws as examples. One of the reasons for this choice: Many German citizens are unaware that environmental information requests may also be addressed to certain private entities.