bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Status of European Union Bodies and Institutions in the Field of Cybersecurity
Authors: Giris Valeriya Alekseevna
Published: April 2023

The relevance of the reasearch topic stems from the fact that different state bodies are involved in addressing cybersecurity services. While each of the state bodies has their own goals and objectives, the successful resolution of the issues entirely depends on their effective cooperation. The existing resources and expertise available in the EU member states and corresponding EU institutions, bodies and agencies provide a solid basis for a collective response to cybersecurity threats. As a result, the EU has established a system of cyber security risk management bodies. The purpose of this article is to investigate the activities of key EU cyber security authorities. To achieve this goal and analyse the activities of the main EU bodies in the field of cybersecurity , the author has used several methods, such as the systematic approach, the formal-legal method, the comparative-legal method and the historical method. The author has come to the conclusion that cooperation and information exchange are essential elements in addressing cyber security issues. At the same time, to achieve coherence among cyber security bodies, the EU is taking measures to strengthen their joint work. In addition, it has been concluded that the EU, as a regional integration organization where member states act on the basis of mutual trust, is a reliable platform for addressing cyber security issues.
Przeciwko autorytarnej kontroli w Chile: Facsímil Alejandra Zambry
Authors: Tracz Agnieszka
Published: April 2023

Tematem niniejszego artykułu są surrealistyczne zabiegi chilijskiego autora Alejandra Zambry w książce Facsímil, tj. automatyzm, rewolucjonizm, oniryzm i sny, kontrowersyjne zestawienia elementów oraz irracjonalizm jako sprzeciw wobec roli ustandaryzowanych egzaminów w promowaniu uległości rządom autorytarnym. Praca prezentuje przede wszystkim dwa poziomy eksperymentów, tj. kładzie nacisk na strukturę książki, która składa się z fragmentów tworzących w rezultacie jedną spójną całość, a także podkreśla fragmentaryczność narracji, spowodowaną wykorzystaniem wielu cech surrealizmu. Mimo, iż nurt surrealistyczny powstał w Europie, został przyjęty i zaadaptowany na grunt amerykański. Pomimo różnic oraz rozwoju technik w różnych krajach Ameryki Południo-wej, można doszukać się wspólnego mianownika, pod postacią twórcy André Bretona, którego wpływ jest nadal widoczny w twórczości pisarzy latynoamerykańskich.
Entre el humanitarismo y la justicia social: las disputas por la salud y la postura política de la Brigada Cruz Negra de Temuco en contextos de estallido social en Chile
Authors: Betancur Alvarado Pablo
Published: April 2023

The Black Cross Brigade (La Brigada Cruz Negra) is a collective that emerged in Temuco, Chile, in October 2019 as a health volunteer group that —in response to excessive police violence— provides protection and assistance to protesters through health care in contexts of social unrest. In this respect, I analyze the evolution of the political dispute for health care by this collective in contexts of social unrest in Chile, in the period spanning from October 2019 to March 2020. The information collected is supported by an ethnography that took place during the months of December 2019 and July 2020, specifically by data building based on participant observation and ethnographic interviews. The results of the article are organized in two points. In the first, I present the different positions of the brigade members, which included, on the one hand, a group that intended to contribute to the people’s struggle and, on the other, a group that was understood by the brigade members as neutral. In the second point, I expose the dispute between these groups, reporting on the discussion concerning the role that the Black Cross Brigade should play as a health organization and political organization in the “social outburst.” I also reflect on the role of the meanings and uses of the body performed on the demonstrators and on themselves, and the construction of a collective identity in this process. The evolution of this dispute leads me to understand —based on Didier Fassin’s approaches— the Black Cross Brigade as an organization that strains the humanitarianism-social justice dichotomy. This, in turn, allows this article to reflect on the particularities of the struggles and resistance to violence in Latin America, based on the contributions of political anthropology and the anthropology of health.
Determinants of Family Planning Unmet Needs in West Java and Policy Recommendations during the Covid-19 Pandemic (Based on Advanced Analysis of 2019 SKAP Data)
Authors: Larasanti Ayudina , Ayuningtyas Dumilah , Herartri Rina , Naibaho Margareth Maya Parulianta
Published: April 2023

The Unmet Need for Family Planning (KB) in 2019 is still far from the 2015-2019 Strategic Plan target set at 9.91 percent. Seventeen provinces have a percentage of Unmet Need KB above the national figure (14.4 percent). One of them is West Java Province, with a percentage of Unmet Need of 14.8%. Provinces with a high number of Unmet Needs require the attention of policymakers, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic. West Java is the high-risk red zone category of COVID-19. Increased public awareness of the transmission of Covid-19 is an additional constraint to reducing the Unmet Need for family planning in the community. Therefore, it isnecessary to analyze the determinants of Unmet Need as a basis for formulating policies on family planning services appropriate to be applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research used mixed methods with SKAP 2019 data as secondary data to identify determinants of Unmet Need for Family Planning in West Java, and primary data in the form of in-depth interviews with family planning service stakeholders to explore the implementation of family planning services in West Java, including the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression using in the data analysis. The results showed that the variables that had a statistically significant effect on Unmet Need Spacing were age (OR = 0.485) and never visits health facilities (OR = 1.616). While the variables that have a significant effect on Unmet Need Limiting are the variable age (OR = 7.101), the number of living children more than 3 (OR = 1.466), rural residence (OR = 0.528), and the median wealth index (OR = 1.536).
Comparative Analysis of Routine Immunization Policy During COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia, India, and Pakistan
Authors: Delfyan Dian Trisna , Ilyas Jaslis
Published: April 2023

Immunization is one of the most important components in primary health services. the COVID-19 pandemic has quickly impacted so many public services sectors in almost every country, especially the health sector. WHO and UNICEF have concluded that at least 80 millions of children under one risked to get exposed to diphtheria, measles, and polio as the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. The decrease of routine immunization coverage during COVID-19 pandemic has also experienced by Indonesia, India and Pakistan which are included on the list of 10 countries with the highest number of total unimmunized and partial immunized children. The purpose of the study is to find out the differences in the policy of routine immunization programs in Indonesia, India and Pakistan in terms of policy actors, policy context, policy process, and policy content. The method used is literature review from several sources such as books, national and international journals, as well as relevant government regulations and policies related to routine immunization programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature study shows that the three countries have some similarities of the policy actors, policy context and policy process. The only difference is the policy content in which the policy in the form of technical guidance by the Indonesian government is more detailed, comprehensive and structured than the other two countries.
Albmulaččat, ulddat ja nubbi áibmu
Authors: Sara Mikkel Nils , Sjöberg Lovisa Mienna
Published: April 2023

Miehtá buot Sámi gávdnat muitalusaid ulddaid ja nuppi áimmu birra. Leat iešguđetlágán gohčodusat dain iešguđet guovlluin, muhto earamuđui leat hui sullasaččat. Dás guorahallojuvvojit muitalusat mat gávdnojit RiddoDuottarMuseain Guovdageainnus.Uldamuitalusat eaktudit maiddái konteavstta, ovdamearkka dihte ahte lea nubbi áibmu, mii dábálaččat lea oaidnemeahttun. Nubbi áibmu ja dasa gullevaš fáttát leat maiddái oassin das movt olbmot miehtá Sámi leat čilgen iežaset máilmmigova, oskku ja teorehtalaš vuolggasaji. Dáinna artihkkaliin beassat oahpásmuvvat muhtun muitalusaide das movt ulddat bohtet albmosii, ja guorahallamušaide movt dat doibmet váikkuheaddjin min jurddavugiid ja daguid hábmemis. English title: Albmulaččat, ulddat and nubbi áibmu English abstract: Stories about ulddat, i.e. about inhabitants of another sphere/universe, are well known all over Sápmi. These stories represent a worldview that is mentioned already in the earliest, comprehensive written sources about the Sámis, i.e. from the 17th century. In this article we take a closer look at stories from RidduDuottarMuseat in Guovdageaidnu. The stories about ulddat presume a context that implies among other things the existence of another áibmu, i.e. another sphere or universe not usually seen or heard by us. The second áibmu and the various themes connected to it constitute parts of what people everywhere in Sápmi have explained to be their worldview, belief system, and theoretical starting point. The stories presented in this article give us examples of how albmulaččat, people of our sphere, have experienced ulddat, examples of how these beings appear to us looking like the humans and like the animals in our áibmu. The article discusses how these stories influence our actions and ways of thinking.
VIOLA jones algorithm with capsule graph network for deepfake detection
Authors: K Venkatachalam , Trojovský Pavel , Hubálovský Štěpán
Published: April 2023

DeepFake is a forged image or video created using deep learning techniques. The present fake content of the detection technique can detect trivial images such as barefaced fake faces. Moreover, the capability of current methods to detect fake faces is minimal. Many recent types of research have made the fake detection algorithm from rule-based to machine-learning models. However, the emergence of deep learning technology with intelligent improvement motivates this specified research to use deep learning techniques. Thus, it is proposed to have VIOLA Jones’s (VJ) algorithm for selecting the best features with Capsule Graph Neural Network (CN). The graph neural network is improved by capsule-based node feature extraction to improve the results of the graph neural network. The experiment is evaluated with CelebDF-FaceForencics++ (c23) datasets, which combines FaceForencies++ (c23) and Celeb-DF. In the end, it is proved that the accuracy of the proposed model has achieved 94.
Analysis of Forging Processes for Machine Building Industry Modeling
Authors: Min New Lin , Thu May Phyoe
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the efforts of forging process. As new uses for various metals multiplied, and the superior quantities imported to metals by forging came to be more positively recognized, the forging industry accelerated its efforts to produce more and better products at diminishing cost. During the production of a crankshaft weighing 17 kilograms from a bar of rolled steel, up to 31.5 kilograms are irretrievably lost as chips in machining. When the same weight of crankshaft is manufactured by the forging process, only 13.7 kilograms of steel are lost in chips. i.e. the loss is 56.6 percent less. When the temperatures increase, it is found that forging load decreases. Forging load is directly proportional to the percentage of reduction. Low carbon steels are easy to forge and super alloys are difficult to forge .In this paper, three different types of materials namely, 1020 carton steel (crankshaft), A-286 alloy (turbine disc) and 6061 alloy (aircraft housing) are analyzed to determine the relationship between the forging temperature, forging loads and percentages of reduction. There were made at the laboratory, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Yangon Technological University.
Human Machine Interface System for Filling and Capping Process
Authors: Yadanar Su , . Theingi , Win Wutyi
Published: April 2023

In this research, bottle filling and capping processes are performed simultaneously in the pharmaceutical factory by using the PC based human machine interface (HMI) control system. In the traditional method of bottle filling process, the bottles are placed onto a conveyor and only one bottle is filled at a time. So, this method is time consuming and expensive as wide working place and many human labors is required. In this research, the proposed design can solve this problem without any complex control by using the HMI automation control system. The monitoring and running conditions in the packaging system are shown on the monitor of computer by using the composed of Visual Basic.Net and Mikro C. It also includes the volume of medical powder is limited by changing the size of filling funnel which is set up of shutter at the top and bottom of funnel. The entire system is more flexible and time saving. A prototype is implemented by using the DC motor, sensing devices; limit switches, peripheral interface controller (PIC) device and serial port communication. These control systems is very flexible, cost effective, space efficient and reduce complexity. PC based HMI control is used for monitoring the process.
MODOS DE PENSAR E FORMAS DE FALAR O CONCEITO DE ENERGIA A PARTIR DE UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA PAUTADA NA PERSPECTIVA CTS
Authors: Souza Danilo Oliveira de , Bezerra Bruna Herculano da Silva , Simões Neto José Euzebio
Published: April 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o processo de significação do conceito de energia, a partir da aplicação de uma sequência didática pautada na perspectiva Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e na Teoria dos Perfis Conceituais. Tal sequência foi planejada com base nas ideias de Mehéut, assumindo como princípio os quatro componentes básicos, a saber: professor, aluno, conhecimento científico e mundo real (ou material), e as duas dimensões, pedagógica e epistemológica. A pesquisa, recorte da dissertação de mestrado, é de natureza qualitativa e foi desenvolvida em uma escola integral da rede pública de ensino do estado de Pernambuco, localizada em Maranguape I, Paulista, com a participação dos estudantes do 2° ano do Ensino Médio. A partir dos dados coletados em uma das etapas, debate sobre a Questão sociocientífica (QSC) apresentada, analisamos as relações CTS e emergências das zonas do perfil conceitual de energia. Os resultados revelam a emergência de várias zonas do perfil conceitual, que guardam fortes relações com o contexto das atividades e convergem com as discussões propostas pela perspectiva CTS. Ainda, concluímos que a proposta possibilita a ampliação das discussões sobre o conceito de energia, considerando diversos contextos e os modos de pensar de maior valor pragmático.
Socio-Economic Status of Wheat Growers in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Tasnim Zarin
Published: April 2023

Aims: The study was carried out to determine the socio-economic status of wheat farmers in Bangladesh.

Study Design: Simple random sampling technique was used for the study.

Place and Duration of the Study: Birganj Upazila under Dinajpur and Thakurgaon Sadar, and Pirganj Upazila under Thakurgaon district were purposively selected for the study. The survey was conducted from February to March 2019.

Methodology: A total of 150 wheat growers were selected as sample farmers. Data were collected from the respondents through direct interviews using pre-tested interview schedules. Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, and percentage were employed to analyze the data.

Results: The study estimated that the average farm size was 1.38 ha, and most of them were medium farmers (40 percent). Most of the wheat growers were middle-aged (51–60 years old), while a small portion of them were younger (18–30 years). Findings revealed that about 35.3 percent of farmers were literate, while 34.7 percent completed secondary education. The average family size was 4.96 persons. However, the large farm household had relatively more family members than other farm households. Most of the respondents had more than 30 years of farming experience. Nevertheless, agriculture, notably wheat farming, was their primary occupation (92 percent), and about 70.67 percent of their average yearly income came from agriculture. Furthermore, the study found that only a small percentage of farmers obtained training from the government's agricultural extension office, while most farmers did not receive any training opportunities. In this study, about 53.33% of respondents received loans from banks or NGOs, whereas around 46.67% received no credit.

Conclusion: Therefore, the government should provide more institutional and infrastructure support to promote wheat production, which will increase efficiency, income and enhance the livelihood conditions of wheat farmers in the study areas.
Status of Sports and Games in Public Secondary Schools in Temeke Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Dawson Neema , Mwila Prospery M.
Published: April 2023

Research suggests that sports have the capacity to connect youth to positive development adult models, provide development opportunities, and promote the learning and application of life skills. The purpose of this study was to assess the status of sports and games in public secondary schools in Temeke Municipality. The objectives were to explore the kinds of sports and games practiced in public secondary schools and to assess the infrastructures and facilities of sports and games in public secondary schools. The study was guided by social development theory, which insists on interaction with peers as an effective way of developing skills and strategies. The study used a mixed method approach and a descriptive survey research design. The sample involved 106 participants, including 1 ward education officer, 6 school heads, 12 teachers, and 87 students. The data were collected through an interview guide, questionnaires, and documentary review. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. It was revealed that in all sampled secondary schools, the sports and game practices were almost the same, such as football, netball, and volleyball. However, these facilities were observed to be below the required standard. On the basis of the findings, the study concluded that the status of sports and games in secondary schools in Temeke is wanting, given the limited number of facilities and infrastructure for sports and games. Therefore, stakeholders should ensure that secondary schools have adequate infrastructure to enable students to realize the benefits of participation in sports and games.
A Systematic Review on the Readmission of COVID-19 Patient: Frequency and Individual Factors
Authors: Saptorini Kriswiharsi Kun , Fani Tiara , Isworo Slamet
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has severely damaged the world economy. Due to the COVID-19 infection, hospitalization is in high demand. Numerous COVID-19 patients are treated medically, released from the hospital, and then relapse and need to undergo treatment because they test positive. This places a strain on the health services, and the number of relapses is rarely reported in the literature. The purpose of the study is to assess individual and frequency-based factors that influence readmission of COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This study uses a systematic review of the literature, using the PICO strategy for the construction of the research question, the bibliographic search and the best available scientific information in the systematization.

Results: The traits of the chosen studies are compiled in Table 3. In the period from March 30, 2020, to February 23, 2021, 28 studies were published. The majority of studies were carried out in China, with Wuhan reporting the highest number. There were also some studies conducted outside of China, including one from South Korea, six from the United States specifically, one from Spain, and one from Turkey. Age 65 was a risk factor for readmission or re-positive rates, which ranged from 3.6% to 67.1%.  

Conclusion: The hospital strictly controls Covid-19 patients before they are allowed to leave the hospital to prevent recurrence as a result of relapse in Covid-19 patients during the pandemic.
Evaluation of Varieties and Gypsum on Growth and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Reddy Pabbathi Praneeth , Debbarma Victor
Published: April 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) to study treatments consisting of Varieties viz. K-1812, K-6 and K-Amaravati and three levels of Gypsum viz. 200, 300, 400 kg/ha. The results revealed that treatment 3 (K-1812 (Lepakshi) + Gypsum (400 kg/ha) recorded significantly higher number of nodules/plant (52.00), higher dry weight (30.96 g), crop growth rate (30.63 g/m2/day), relative growth rate (0.0447 g/g/day), maximum number of pods/plant (39.93), maximum number of kernels/pod (2.0), Shelling percentage (72.4%), Pod yield (3.67 t/ha), higher seed yield (2.72 t/ha), higher haulm yield (4.66 t/ha) and higher harvest index (31.55%), maximum gross return (1,54,260.00 INR/ha), maximum net return (1,04,999.00 INR/ha) and maximum benefit cost ratio (2.13).
Effect of Phosphorus and Boron on Growth, Yield and Economics of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Ojha Ayush Kumar , Dawson Joy , Rana Ashia
Published: April 2023

A research trail was conducted in Kharif 2022, at crop research form, SHUATS, Prayagraj. To Study the “Effect of Phosphorus and Boron on growth, yield and economics of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)”. The treatments consisted of 3 Levels of Phosphorus (50kg/ha,100kg/ha, 150kg/ha) and Boron (200g/ha, 300g/ha, 400g/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments each replicated thrice. Application of Phosphorus 150kg/ha and Boron 400g/h produced higher Plant height(196.33cm),dry weight/plant(70.97g), maximum number of cobs per plant (1.93), cob length (20.27cm), Number of grain rows per cobs (26.65), Cob yield (6.5t/ha), Stover yield (12.23t/ha), Seed index (21.51), Harvest index (34.75), Maximum gross return (256150INR/ha), net return (198768.98INR/ha), and benefit cost ratio (3.46) when compared to the other treatment.
Uso de solução de bloqueio de citrato de Taurolidina - TauroLock: aspectos bibliométricos / Use of TauroLock Citrate Blocking Solution - TauroLock: bibliometric aspects
Authors: Brandao Rene , Do Vale Cleilton , Prado Silva Elen , Alves da Gama Lorena , Dumit Corrêa Raphael , Abreu de Vasconcellos Juliana
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: analisar a produção intelectual sobre o uso de solução de bloqueio de citrato de Taurolidina - TauroLock, disponibilizada na base Scopus. Método: estudo bibliométrico que abordou a produção registrada eletronicamente em base, de 1980 a 2022, com análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: recuperou-se 241 documentos, publicados em 150 fontes. A média de autoria por artigo foi de 0,24. A Enfermagem contribuiu com 22 documento (9,12%). Conclusão: os dados apresentados demonstram o baixo nível de interesse da comunidade científica pelo assunto. Não foi possível identificar um grupo de Elite de Autores. O estudo mostra que há dispersão na produção de periódicos. A contribuição quantitativa da enfermagem é insignificante quando compara à medicina 195 (80,91%).
Maternal Proton Pump Inhibitor Use During Pregnancy and Risk of Low Birth Weight in Offspring in Korea, 2008-2019
Authors: Choi Ahhyung , Noh Yunha , Yon Dong Keon , Shin Ju-Young
Published: April 2023

This cohort study examines whether the risk of low birth weight is associated with prenatal exposure to proton pump inhibitors.
Blood Clots, or Thrombosis, in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Litt Henry K. , Parks Anna L. , Velazquez Ana I.
Published: April 2023

This JAMA Oncology Patient Page explains the risk, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of thrombosis in patients with cancer.
Molecular Marker Testing in Curable Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer—Practice Necessarily Precedes Data
Authors: Aggarwal Charu , West Howard (Jack)
Published: April 2023

This Viewpoint describes the use of broad molecular marker testing in patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer
Externally Tunable, Low Power Electrostatic Control of Cell Adhesion with Nanometric High‐k Dielectric Films
Authors: Leon Victor J. , Blanc Baptiste , Sonnert Sophia D. , Varanasi Kripa K.
Published: April 2023

Controlling cell adhesion to surfaces is an important, but difficult, problem. Current methods to control adhesion rely on surface functionalization, which have limited material choice to avoid cell toxicity and are typically cell specific. Herein, cell adhesion is modulated by using nanometric high‐k dielectric films. Voltage is applied across the dielectric film, changing the film surface's zeta potential, ζ. High performance dielectrics, HfO2 and SiO2, enables a change in the ζ polarity and magnitude over large, 100 mV, ranges by applying ≈1 V across the dielectrics with ≈1nW power draw. Freshwater Chlorella vulgaris and saltwater Nannochloropsis oculata, which have a negative ζ, are used as model cells. Cell adhesion is observed to be inhibited when both surface and cell ζ are negative and enhanced when surface ζ is positive and cell ζ are negative using microfluidic experiments. Finally, millimetric scale cell patterning is demonstrated by spatially modulating ζ with no observed toxicity to cells over 4 weeks.
Formation Theory and Printability of Photocurable Hydrogel for 3D Bioprinting
Authors: He Chao‐Fan , Sun Yuan , Liu Nian , Yu Kang , Qian Ying , He Yong
Published: April 2023

Bio‐ink has gradually transited from ionic‐crosslinking to photocrosslinking due to photocurable bio‐hydrogel having good formability and biocompatibility. It is very important to understand and quantify the crosslinking process of photocurable hydrogels, otherwise, bioprinting cannot be standardized and scalable. However, there are few studies on hydrogel formation process and its photocrosslinking behavior which cannot be accurately predicted. Herein, the photoinitiated radical polymerized bio‐hydrogels are taken as an example to establish the formation theory. Three typical crosslinking reactions are first distinguished. It is further proposed that not all double‐bonds consumed during crosslinking contributeequally to polymerization. Then the concept of effective double‐bond conversion (EDBC) is elicited. Deriving from EDBC, several important formation indices are defined. According to theory, it is predicted that slow crosslinking can improve the crosslinking degree. Furthermore, based on the slow crosslinking effect, a new strategy of projection‐based 3D printing (PBP) is proposed, which significantly improved printing quality and efficiency. Overall, this work will fill the gap in hydrogel's formation theory, making it possible to accurately quantify the formation process.
Induction Heating Triggers Antibiotic Release and Synergistic Bacterial Killing on Polymer‐Coated Titanium Surfaces
Authors: Kwan Jan C. , Flannagan Ronald S. , Vásquez Peña Mónica , Heinrichs David E. , Holdsworth David W. , Gillies Elizabeth R.
Published: April 2023

Infection is a major complication associated with orthopedic implants. It often involves the development of biofilms on metal substrates, which act as barriers to the host's immune system and systemic antibiotic treatment. The current standard of treatment is revision surgery, often involving the delivery of antibiotics through incorporation into bone cements. However, these materials exhibit sub‐optimal antibiotic release kinetics and revision surgeries have drawbacks of high cost and recovery time. Herein, a new approach is presented using induction heating of a metal substrate, combined with an antibiotic‐loaded poly(ester amide) coating undergoing a glass transition just above physiological temperature to enable thermally triggered antibiotic release. At normal physiological temperature, the coating provides a rifampicin depot for >100 days, while heating of the coating accelerates drug release, with >20% release over a 1‐h induction heating cycle. Induction heating or antibiotic‐loaded coating alone each reduceStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) viability and biofilm formation on Ti, but the combination causes synergistic killing ofS. aureusas measured by crystal violet staining, determination of bacterial viability (>99.9% reduction), and fluorescence microscopy of bacteria on surfaces. Overall, these materials provide a promising platform enabling externally triggered antibiotic release to prevent and/or treat bacterial colonization of implants.
Constructing Spatiotemporally Controllable Biocatalytic Cascade in RBC Nanovesicles for Precise Tumor Therapy Based on Reversibly Induced Glucose Oxidase‐Magnetoferritin Dimers
Authors: Chen Xinjie , Ruan Miaoliang , Wu Jinpei , Zhu Tianci , Wen Yaoqi , Li Xiaodi , Yang Caiqi , Zong Xiaoqing , Yuan Pengfei , Li Yuchao , Yan Xiaodie , Xue Wei , Dai Jian
Published: April 2023

Chemodynamic therapy is a promising tumor treatment strategy. However, it remains a great challenge to overcome the unavoidable off‐target damage to normal tissues. In this work, it is discovered that magnetoferritin (M‐HFn, biomimic peroxidase) can form nanocomplexes with glucose oxidase (GOD) in the presence of glucose, thus inhibiting the enzyme activity of GOD. Interestingly, GOD&M‐HFn (G‐M) nanocomplexes can dissociate under near‐infrared (NIR) laser, reactivating the enzyme cascade. Based on this new finding, a spatiotemporally controllable biocatalytic cascade in red blood cell (RBC) nanovesicles (G‐M@RBC‐A) is fabricated for precise tumor therapy, which in situ inhibits enzyme cascade between GOD and M‐HFn during blood circulation and reactivates the cascade activity in tumor site by NIR laser irradiation. In RBC nanovesicles, GOD is grabbed by M‐HFn to form G‐M nanocomplexes in the presence of glucose, thus inhibiting the Fenton reaction and reducing side effects. However, after NIR laser irradiation, G‐M nanocomplexes are spatiotemporally dissociated and the cascade activity is reactivated in the tumor site, initiating reactive oxygen species damage to cancer cells in vivo. Therefore, this work provides new insight into the fabrication of spatiotemporally controllable biocatalytic cascade for precise cancer therapy in the future.
Large Magnetoresistance of Isolated Domain Walls in La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 Nanowires
Authors: Orfila Gloria , Sanchez‐Manzano David , Arora Ashima , Cuellar Fabian , Ruiz‐Gómez Sandra , Rodriguez‐Corvillo Sara , López Sandra , Peralta Andrea , Carreira Santiago J. , Gallego Fernando , Tornos Javier , Rouco Victor , Riquelme Juan J. , Munuera Carmen , Mompean Federico J. , Garcia‐Hernandez Mar , Sefrioui Zouhair , Villegas Javier E. , Perez Lucas , Rivera‐Calzada Alberto , Leon Carlos , Valencia Sergio , Santamaria Jacobo
Published: April 2023

Generation, manipulation, and sensing of magnetic domain walls are cornerstones in the design of efficient spintronic devices. Half‐metals are amenable for this purpose as large low field magnetoresistance signals can be expected from spin accumulation at spin textures. Among half metals, La1−xSrxMnO3 (LSMO) manganites are considered as promising candidates for their robust half‐metallic ground state, Curie temperature above room temperature (Tc = 360 K, for x = 1/3), and chemical stability. Yet domain wall magnetoresistance is poorly understood, with large discrepancies in the reported values and conflicting interpretation of experimental data due to the entanglement of various source of magnetoresistance, namely, spin accumulation, anisotropic magnetoresistance, and colossal magnetoresistance. In this work, the domain wall magnetoresistance is measured in LSMO cross‐shape nanowires with single‐domain walls nucleated across the current path. Magnetoresistance values above 10% are found to be originating at the spin accumulation caused by the mistracking effect of the spin texture of the domain wall by the conduction electrons. Fundamentally, this result shows the importance on non‐adiabatic processes at spin textures despite the strong Hund coupling to the localized t2g electrons of the manganite. These large magnetoresistance values are high enough for encoding and reading magnetic bits in future oxide spintronic sensors.
Ultrafast Humidity Sensing Layers Made by Two‐Photon Polymerization and Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Cesnik Stefan , Hernández Rodríguez Gabriel , Bergmann Alexander , Coclite Anna Maria
Published: April 2023

Humidity sensors are used in many applications. The design of fast sensors that can operate in explosive environments is a difficult task. Therefore, current research efforts aim at combining reliability, sensitivity and high sensing speed. The use of structured ultrathin hydrogels perfectly meets these requirements. Nanostructures are directly fabricated with a two‐photon‐polymerisation (2PP) 3D printer to use them as templates for hydrogels. After the 3D printing multiple templates are coated with ultrathin films of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl‐methacrylate) (pHEMA) using initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). p(HEMA) is a humidity responsive hydrogel which changes its thickness by orders of magnitude depending on the ambient conditions. The 3D printed structures are optimized to give both a fast response time, and an optical read‐out method for visible wavelengths. Upon hydrogel swelling, the height of the nanostructure pillars increases, keeping their periodicity constant. This induces a change in intensity of the first ‐order refraction peak, which can be easily measured also at low humidity levels. The humidity response of the nanostructures is measured and an influence for different hydrogel thicknesses and humidity flow rates is observed. The ultrathin film with the lowest thickness of 50 nm shows the fastest response to relative humidity, which is much faster than commercial sensors with 8 s response time.
Understanding farmers’ engagement and barriers to machine learning‐based intelligent agricultural decision support systems
Authors: Adereti Damilola Tobiloba , Gardezi Maaz , Wang Tong , McMaine John
Published: April 2023

The use of intelligent decision support systems (DSS) in precision farming provides an opportunity to improve agricultural recommendations and reduce the impacts of agriculture on the environment. Despite the benefits offered by DDS, many farmers remain skeptical of using these hardware and software tools, and their adoption rates have remained low. A survey of 312 South Dakota farmers examined the barriers and opportunities for their engagement with DSS. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze 13 Likert scale survey items that probed farmers’ concerns about DSS. Factor loadings indicated that farmers’ concerns are related to high cost, insufficient knowledge, lack of confidence, and cyber security and privacy. A latent profile analysis (LPA) method was used to classify respondents into profiles or groups based on their dimensions of concerns (cost, knowledge, confidence, and security). Results of the LPA revealed that the sample of farmers could be grouped into four distinct profiles that ranged from low to high confidence in the use of DSS for agronomic decision‐making. Giving attention to farmer comfort/concern profiles allows for a more inclusive and better targeted engagement with farmers and potentially increase the adoption of PA. This knowledge can be vital for technology developers, policymakers, and extension services who are keen to promote PA usage among large‐, medium‐, and small‐scale farmers in the United States.
The clinical phenotype of Koolen‐de Vries syndrome in Turkish patients and literature review
Authors: Karamik Gokcen , Tuysuz Beyhan , Isik Esra , Yilmaz Aysegul , Alanay Yasemin , Sunamak Evrim Cifci , Durmusalioglu Enise Avci , Ozkinay Ferda , Cetin Gokhan Ozan , Ozturk Nuray , Mihci Ercan , Nur Banu
Published: April 2023

Koolen‐de Vries syndrome (KdVS) is a rare multisystemic disorder caused by a microdeletion on chromosome 17q21.31 including KANSL1 gene or intragenic pathogenic variants in KANSL1 gene. Here, we describe the clinical and genetic spectrum of eight Turkish children with KdVS due to a de novo 17q21.31 deletion, and report on several rare/new conditions. Eight patients from unrelated families aged between 17 months and 19 years enrolled in this study. All patients evaluated by a clinical geneticist, and the clinical diagnosis were confirmed by molecular karyotyping. KdVS patients had some common distinctive facial features. All patients had neuromotor retardation, and speech and language delay. Epilepsy, structural brain anomalies, ocular, ectodermal, and musculoskeletal findings, and friendly personality were remarkable in more than half of the patients. Hypertension, hypothyroidism, celiac disease, and postaxial polydactyly were among the rare/new conditions. Our study contributes to the clinical spectrum of patients with KdVS, while also provide a review by comparing them with previous cohort studies.
First experience of combined enzyme replacement therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in alpha‐mannosidosis
Authors: Santoro Lucia , Monachesi Chiara , Zampini Lucia , Padella Lucia , Galeazzi Tiziana , Santori Elena , Cordiali Rosanna , Dardis Andrea , Catassi Carlo , Boccieri Emilia , Galaverna Federica , Locatelli Franco
Published: April 2023

We describe the first case of bridge therapy in alpha‐mannosidosis (AM) in an infant diagnosed at only 5 months of life who underwent enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in the pre‐ and peri‐transplant phases. Eight ERT infusions were administered before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and continued for additional 90 days until complete engraftment. The clinical and laboratory data after 3 years post‐HSCT show that the early combined intervention may reduce the disease progression and the urine and plasma content of mannosyl‐oligosaccharides (OS) monitored by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). This report highlights that early diagnosis and prompt initiation of such treatments in AM are the best chance to minimize the progression of symptoms.
A haptoglobin (HP) structural variant alters the effect of APOE alleles on Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bai Haimeng , Naj Adam C. , Benchek Penelope , Dumitrescu Logan , Hohman Timothy , Hamilton‐Nelson Kara , Kallianpur Asha R. , Griswold Anthony J. , Vardarajan Badri , Martin Eden R. , Beecham Gary W. , Below Jennifer E. , Schellenberg Gerard , Mayeux Richard , Farrer Lindsay , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Haines Jonathan L. , Bush William S. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium
Published: April 2023

Background

Haptoglobin (HP) is an antioxidant of apolipoprotein E (APOE), and previous reports have shown HP binds with APOE and amyloid beta (Aβ) to aid its clearance. A common structural variant of the HP gene distinguishes it into two alleles: HP1 and HP2.

Methods

HP genotypes were imputed in 29 cohorts from the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (N = 20,512). Associations between the HP polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk and age of onset through APOE interactions were investigated using regression models.

Results

The HP polymorphism significantly impacts AD risk in European‐descent individuals (and in meta‐analysis with African‐descent individuals) by modifying both the protective effect of APOE ε2 and the detrimental effect of APOE ε4. The effect is particularly significant among APOE ε4 carriers.

Discussion

The effect modification of APOE by HP suggests adjustment and/or stratification by HP genotype is warranted when APOE risk is considered. Our findings also provided directions for further investigations on potential mechanisms behind this association.
Variation in the utilization of angioembolization for splenic injury in hospitals: a nationwide cross‐sectional study in Japan
Authors: Aoki Makoto , Abe Toshikazu , Hagiwara Shuichi , Saitoh Daizoh
Published: April 2023

Aim

Substantial variations in the utilization of angioembolization have been reported internationally. However, the existence of variations in the utilization of angioembolization in Japan is currently unknown.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional study using data from a nationwide trauma registry in Japan. Of the 4,896 registered adult patients with splenic injury, we investigated 3,319 patients in the top 25% of the hospitals that registered the highest number of splenic injury patients in the Japan Trauma Data Bank. The primary outcome of this study was initial angioembolization. We calculated the expected initial angioembolization rates using multiple regression analysis adjusted for patient factors. In addition, we evaluated the range of observed‐to‐expected initial splenic angioembolization ratio for each hospital. Moreover, we assessed whether this ratio was increased with time.

Results

The frequency of initial splenic angioembolization ranged from 0% to 52%. The median expected initial angioembolization rate, calculated through multiple logistic regression analysis, was 19.7%. The observed‐to‐expected initial splenic angioembolization ratio for each hospital ranged from 0 to 2.36. The observed initial angioembolization rate tended to increase with time (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Despite adjustment for patient factors, substantial variations were observed in the utilization of splenic angioembolization among hospitals in Japan.
Effect of canola meal fermentation and protein extraction method on the functional properties of resulting protein products
Authors: Li Chenghao , Shi Dai , Stone Andrea K. , Wanasundara Janitha P. D. , Tanaka Takuji , Nickerson Michael T.
Published: April 2023

The present study investigated the effect of solid‐state fermentation (SSF) of cold‐pressed (CP) and hexane‐extracted (HE) canola meals with Aspergillus niger NRRL 334 and Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 5590 on the functionalities of protein products extracted from them. After SSF, proteins were recovered using alkaline extraction‐isoelectric precipitation (AE‐IP) or salt extraction‐dialysis (SE). SSF of the two meal types reduced the protein content of the extracts produced by AE‐IP. There were varied effects to solubility, foaming, and emulsifying properties as a result of SSF under the combined influence of functionality pH, strain, meal type, and protein extraction method. The protein isolate produced from CP meal using SE had increased solubility at pH 7 (from 51.8% to 90.7%) when the meal was fermented with A. oryzae. Both strains resulted in an over twofold increase in the emulsifying activity index (at pH 7) of AE‐IP products from CP meal. For both protein extraction methods, the protein products from A. niger fermented HE meal had better foaming capacity (FC) at pH 7 than the controls (non‐fermented), but reduced FC at pH 3. Overall, regardless of meal fermentation, the SE products were richer in protein and had higher oil holding capacity (OHC), whereas the water holding capacity (WHC) was higher for AE‐IP isolates. SSF of the meals generally improved the O/WHC of the extracted proteins. The findings suggest that canola protein functionality could be effectively modulated by SSF with different microbial strains under various processing conditions to enhance their applicability in the food industry.
Clinical misdiagnosis of influenza infection with a confusing clinical course: A case report
Authors: Babazadeh Arefeh , Mohseni Afshar Zeinab , Barary Mohammad , Hosseinzadeh Rezvan , Ebrahimpour Soheil
Published: April 2023

A 32‐year‐old woman with a history of hypothyroidism and major depressive disorder was admitted with severe weakness and somnolence. She had tachycardia and hypotension, indicative of severe dehydration, and was treated with a vasopressor and sodium bicarbonate, but her clinical manifestations deteriorated. A high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan showed a patchy ground glass appearance with interlobular septal thickening, suggesting pneumonia. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was requested for the influenza A virus (IAV), which was positive. The patient was treated with oseltamivir and discharged with improved clinical symptoms.
Research progress on the application of hyperspectral imaging techniques in tea science
Authors: Liang Dongxia , Zhou Qiaoyi , Ling Caijin , Gao Liyang , Mu Xiaoting , Liao Zhencheng
Published: April 2023

Hyperspectral imaging technology combines two‐dimensional imaging and spectral technology, which can simultaneously obtain spatial and spectral information of the object to be measured and is an advanced technical method. With the development of science and technology, the detection of tea has also been continuously improved, and it has developed in the direction of being nondestructive, fast, real‐time, and accurate. In this paper, the principle of hyperspectral imaging technology is introduced, and according to research on hyperspectral imaging technology in the nondestructive rapid detection of tea in the past 5 years, the application of hyperspectral imaging technology in the detection of tea biochemical components, accurate classification, determination of mildew degree, and stress monitoring and the application progress in planting production management are analyzed. Additionally, the main challenges existing in the current research are analyzed, and future application prospects are proposed to provide a reference for the application and promotion of hyperspectral imaging technology in the actual production of tea.
DNA‐induced circularly polarized luminescence of helicene racemates
Authors: Gan Fuwei , Yang Peng , Liang Juncong , Shen Chengshuo , Crassous Jeanne , Qiu Huibin
Published: April 2023

Enantiopure helicenes have been extensively investigated due to their outstanding chiroptical properties, while helicene racemates are considered as chiroptically silent. Here, we describe a facile method to produce circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) from helicene racemates via supramolecular association with DNA in aqueous solution. Racemic cationic helicene derivatives are immobilized in the grooves of commercially available double‐stranded right‐handed DNA, and the discrimination of left‐ and right‐handed helicenes by chiral DNA is monitored by single molecule force spectroscopy. This subsequently leads to the generation of prominent CPL with dissymmetric factor |glum| of close to 0.01, which is approximate to enantiopure helicenes. The strategy developed in this work avoids the tedious and expensive chiral resolution process and provides a distinctive insight into the fabrication of CPL‐emitting systems.