bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Russian Jazz" by Nikolai Levinovsky in the context of Russian Jazz Art of the 1970s-1980s.
Authors: Ovchinnikov Pavel
Published: June 2023

The subject of the research is the work of jazz pianist and composer Nikolai Yakovlevich Levinovsky, the creator and leader of one of the most popular jazz ensembles in the 1980s, "Allegro", a representative of Russian jazz. His performing and composing activities during the 1970s and 1980s are considered in the socio-cultural context that determines the transformation of ideological and cultural norms. The author evaluates the activity of the Philharmonic chamber jazz ensemble "Allegro" by N. Y. Levinovsky as an important factor in activating the process of institutionalization of jazz in the Soviet cultural space. The evolution of N. Levinovsky's compositional thinking, which turned in the 1980s to experiments contributing to the formation of the autoimage of Soviet jazz, is considered. The author reveals the peculiarity of N. Ya. Levinovsky's compositional thinking, the stylistic relief of whose compositions was formed by a system of interpenetration of jazz music techniques and lado-intonation structures of national cultures. Based on the analysis of concert performances and studio recordings of the Allegro jazz ensemble, the specificity of the ensemble sound is revealed, the novelty of N. Y. Levinovsky's approach to the embodiment of the stylistics of swing or jazz-rock compositions is determined. The conclusion is made that N.Y. Levinovsky's compositional work is planned to bring jazz music techniques closer to national musical traditions, which contributes to the further development of jazz art, the expansion of the geography of its popularization and productive assimilation.
KÜRESEL MEDYADA ZAMANSIZ ZAMAN: ANİMASYONLARDAKİ KÜLTÜREL KODLAR VE POPÜLER KÜLTÜR
Authors: YILMAZ Selin
Published: June 2023

Küresel dünyada bireyler üretilen her şeyi hızla tüketmektedir. Özellikle yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişimi kullanıcılarının katılımına imkân sağlamakta ve içeriklerin, yeniliklerin hızla üretilmesini ve tüketilmesini sağlamaktadır. Kitle iletişim araçları kullanıcıları bu anlamda yönlendirmektedir. Frankfurt okuluyla ortaya çıkan kültür endüstrisi bireylerin kitle iletişim araçları tarafından tek tipleştirildiğini ve yönlendirildiğini ifade etmektedir. Geleneksel mecralardan biri olan Televizyon bireyleri ideolojik olarak yönlendirmektedir. Sinemada da duygu-düşünceler kitlelere iletilmekte ve kültürel kodlar aktarılmaktadır. Her yapımın kendine özgü kültürel kodları bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte sinema filmlerinde popüler olan kültürel kodlara görsel ve dilsel olarak çağrışım yapılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda kültür endüstrisi global olarak devam etmektedir. Ritzer’e göre ise popüler olanın bilinirliliği McDonaldlaşma olarak ifade edilmektedir. Popüler olan sürekliliğini korumaktadır. Küreselleşen dünyada popüler olan varlığını korumaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada popüler olanın sürekliliğini koruduğu ve animasyonlarda nasıl verildiği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Hangi görsel ve dilsel öğelerin kullanıldığı göstergebilimsel olarak analiz edilmektedir. Popüler olan toplumu hızla yeniden üretmekte ve tüketmektedir. Simülasyon evreni zamansızlığını kültürel kodlar ve popüler olan kodlarla korumaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Frankfurt Okulu, Küreselleşme, McDonaldlaşma, Tüketim Toplumu, Popüler Kültür.
Subfunctionalized expression drives evolutionary retention of ribosomal protein paralogs Rps27 and Rps27l in vertebrates
Authors: Xu Adele Francis , Molinuevo Rut , Fazzari Elisa , Tom Harrison , Zhang Zijian , Menendez Julien , Casey Kerriann M , Ruggero Davide , Hinck Lindsay , Pritchard Jonathan K , Barna Maria
Published: June 2023

The formation of paralogs through gene duplication is a core evolutionary process. For paralogs that encode components of protein complexes such as the ribosome, a central question is whether they encode functionally distinct proteins or whether they exist to maintain appropriate total expression of equivalent proteins. Here, we systematically tested evolutionary models of paralog function using the ribosomal protein paralogs Rps27 (eS27) and Rps27l (eS27L) as a case study. Evolutionary analysis suggests that Rps27 and Rps27l likely arose during whole-genome duplication(s) in a common vertebrate ancestor. We show that Rps27 and Rps27l have inversely correlated mRNA abundance across mouse cell types, with the highest Rps27 in lymphocytes and the highest Rps27l in mammary alveolar cells and hepatocytes. By endogenously tagging the Rps27 and Rps27l proteins, we demonstrate that Rps27- and Rps27l-ribosomes associate preferentially with different transcripts. Furthermore, murine Rps27 and Rps27l loss-of-function alleles are homozygous lethal at different developmental stages. However, strikingly, expressing Rps27 protein from the endogenous Rps27l locus or vice versa completely rescues loss-of-function lethality and yields mice with no detectable deficits. Together, these findings suggest that Rps27 and Rps27l are evolutionarily retained because their subfunctionalized expression patterns render both genes necessary to achieve the requisite total expression of two equivalent proteins across cell types. Our work represents the most in-depth characterization of a mammalian ribosomal protein paralog to date and highlights the importance of considering both protein function and expression when investigating paralogs.
A dual function of the IDA peptide in regulating cell separation and modulating plant immunity at the molecular level
Authors: Lalun Vilde Olsson , Breiden Maike , Galindo-Trigo Sergio , Smakowska-Luzan Elwira , Simon Rüdiger , Butenko Melinka A.
Published: June 2023

The abscission of floral organs and emergence of lateral roots in Arabidopsis is regulated by the peptide ligand INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA) and the receptor protein kinases HAESA (HAE) and HAESA-LIKE 2 (HSL2). During these cell separation processes, the plant induces defense-associated genes to protect against pathogen invasion. However, the molecular coordination between abscission and immunity has not been thoroughly explored. Here we show that IDA induces a receptor-dependent release of cytosolic calcium ions (Ca
2+
) and apoplastic production of reactive oxygen species, which are signatures of early defense responses. In addition, we find that IDA promotes late defense responses by the transcriptional upregulation of genes known to be involved in immunity. When comparing the IDA induced early immune responses to known immune responses, such as those elicited by flagellin22 treatment, we observe both similarities and differences. We propose a molecular mechanism by which IDA promotes signatures of an immune response in cells destined for separation to guard them from pathogen attack.
Development of a real-time PCR (qPCR) method for the identification of the invasive paddle crab Charybdis japonica (Crustacea, Portunidae)
Authors: Simpson Tiffany JS , Wellington Claire M. , Lukehurst Sherralee S. , Huerlimann Roger , Veilleux Heather , Snow Michael , Dias Joana , McDonald Justin I.
Published: June 2023

Crabs can be transported beyond their native range via anthropogenic-mediated means such as aquarium trade, live seafood trade and shipping. Once introduced into new locations, they can establish persisting populations and become invasive, often leading to negative impacts on the recipient environment and native species. Molecular techniques are increasingly being used as complementary tools in biosecurity surveillance and monitoring plans for invasive species. Molecular tools can be particularly useful for early detection, rapid identification and discrimination of closely related species, including when diagnostic morphological characters are absent or challenging, such as early life stages, or when only part of the animal is available. In this study, we developed a species-specific qPCR assay, which targets the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) region of the Asian paddle crab Charybdis japonica. In Australia, as well as many parts of the world, this species is considered invasive and routine biosecurity surveillance is conducted to reduce the risk of establishment. Through rigorous testing of tissue from target and non-target species we demonstrate that this assay is sensitive enough to detect as little as two copies per reaction and does not cross amplify with other closely related species. Field samples and environmental samples spiked with C. japonica DNA in high and low concentrations indicate that this assay is also a promising tool for detecting trace amounts of C. japonica eDNA in complex substrates, making it a useful complementary tool in marine biosecurity assessments.
Elaboração e aplicação de matriz de riscos para a concepção e execução de obras públicas
Authors: Junior Flavio Luis Braga , De Oliveira Danielle Meireles , Ribeiro Sidnea Eliane Campos , Braga Rafael Pongeluppe , Bremer Cynara Fiedler , Ribeiro Maria Carmen Couto
Published: June 2023

Na construção civil, os gastos realizados com obras públicas no Brasil são bastante relevantes, tanto pelos elevados valores envolvidos e sua representatividade no orçamento, quanto pela destinação e uso pela sociedade, exigindo grande atenção para o tema. Dada à importância da matéria, este estudo procura ampliar o conhecimento dos problemas e das causas que possam dificultar o êxito de todo o processo licitatório e de execução de obras, notadamente ligado à elaboração dos projetos. Neste contexto, procurou-se identificar e analisar, utilizando a matriz de riscos (probabilidade e impacto), os fatores de risco que poderiam impactar na consecução do Projeto Básico a ser adotado para a contratação e execução de obras públicas, para que com isto se minimize a necessidade de reformulação ou de variantes durante as fases de execução das obras e serviços de engenharia. O estudo foi aplicado de forma presencial, por meio de entrevistas, em uma autarquia de direito público, órgão executor de obras de infraestrutura urbana, que geraram 1750 registros. Os resultados obtidos, através de análise qualitativa, classificaram os 35 fatores de risco identificados como baixos, moderados e de alto risco, permitindo, assim, visualizar o grau de gravidade de cada risco, evidenciando, dessa forma, a importância que deve ser dada à gestão de projetos para a execução de obras públicas e de como o gerenciamento de riscos pode contribuir para os resultados almejados.
Gestão social, economia, solidariedade: Habermas, Polanyi e o paradigma do mercado autorregulado
Authors: Campos Marilene de Souza , Ferreira Lara Luiza Silva , Júnior João Alfredo Costa de Campos Melo
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho constitui-se em um ensaio teórico, que emprega o método dedutivo monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica para realizar uma comparação entre a abordagem habermasiana e a da sociologia econômica no estudo da gestão social. Para realizar esta análise, vale-se do estudo da economia solidária como situação exemplar. A crítica da sociologia econômica ao paradigma do mercado autorregulado apresenta importantes contribuições ao estudo da gestão social.  A abordagem habermasiana do que seria o objeto e método de estudos, lócus e as heterogêneas situações em que se aplica adquire cada vez mais robustez entre os pesquisadores do campo da gestão social.  Como epicentro da abordagem habermasiana, a teoria da ação comunicativa baseia-se numa compreensão histórica do mercado autorregulado, afinizando com a crítica a este paradigma proferida por Polanyi e Granovetter. O mercado é uma construção social e como tal pode ser descontruída ou reformulada. A cisão entre sociedade e mercado, entre subsistema econômico e mundo-da-vida só faz sentido para Habermas quando referida ao capitalismo. A economia solidária está inserida e envolvida por instituições econômicas e não-econômicas, permeadas por laços societários e solidários; combina ação instrumental e ação comunicativa, implicando na penetração de aspectos normativos na economia de mercado.
Mudança organizacional: o impacto do home office no comportamento das servidoras e estagiárias da diretoria do Ministério Público de Contas
Authors: De Lima Tayná Vieira , Teixeira Elton Pereira , De Lima Orlem Pinheiro , Roberto Ana Paula Alves , Maduro Márcia Ribeiro , De Oliveira Júnior Nilson José , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Da Cunha Edileuza Lobato
Published: June 2023

A deflagração da situação de pandemia da Covid-19 impulsionou alterações nas atividades dos órgãos públicos, dentre elas destaca-se o uso do trabalho a distância. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender o impacto do home office no comportamento das servidoras e estagiárias da Diretoria do Ministério Público de Contas do Amazonas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza básica, descritiva, com os procedimentos técnicos bibliográficos, documentais e pesquisa de campo, com utilização de formulário como instrumento de coleta de dados. Os resultados mostram que a resposta do órgão, frente à pandemia, apresenta capacidade de adaptação diante da mudança organizacional e em contraposição à literatura, a utilização do trabalho em domicílio não resultou em maior índice de produtividade na Diretoria. Quanto ao impacto comportamental, a resposta feminina diverge da bibliografia, pois conseguiram conciliar as atividades domésticas e profissionais. Conclui-se que o trabalho remoto impactou de forma diferente as mulheres da Diretoria do Ministério Público de Contas e isto evidencia-se na divergência das respostas entre os perfis deste grupo, contudo, ainda é possível aferir que tanto servidoras quanto estagiárias conseguiram exercer harmoniosamente os papéis durante a pandemia.
Policy for high quality human resources in the public sector in the trend of administrative integration and service in Vietnam
Authors: Tung Phuong Huu
Published: June 2023

High-quality human resources have an important role to dominate other resources and play a decisive role in socio-economic development. In the context that the fourth industrial revolution is taking place strongly, the building and development of high-quality human resources, meeting the requirements of the cause of accelerating industrialization and modernization of the country and socialization, is essential. International entry is now becoming more and more urgent. In order to concretize the Party’s guidelines, human resource development policies in general and high-quality human resource development policies in particular have been completed, contributing to the development of human resources in both quantity and quality, gradually meeting the increasing human demand of the economy. The article is designed to perfect the policy of high-quality human resources in the context of administrative reform in the direction of Government integrity, service and international economic integration.
Pesquisa documental: uma técnica para a identificação de problemas na captação de recursos federais no setor de saneamento básico
Authors: Simões Rogério , De Moura João Marcos Bosi Mendonça , Da Silva Ana Carla
Published: June 2023

Os serviços de saneamento básico no Brasil, em especial os de esgotamento sanitário, são deficitários em grande parte dos municípios. Este déficit é mais crítico em grande parte dos municípios de pequeno porte. Como a maioria dos municípios do Estado de Santa Catarina possui menos de 50.000 habitantes, a prestação dos serviços de saneamento básico é inadequada, principalmente porque estes municípios dependem de recursos federais para melhorar seus serviços de saneamento básico, tendo em vista que o uso de recursos próprios é insuficiente para suprir o déficit destes serviços. Para tanto, estes submetem propostas de projetos para serem analisados pela Fundação Nacional da Saúde (FUNASA). Apesar da disponibilidade de recursos federais para estes projetos, muitos municípios apresentaram dificuldades nos procedimentos para esta captação. Frente a esta problemática, este trabalho identificou os principais impasses encontrados por municípios de pequeno porte para captar recursos do governo federal com o intuito de investimento em serviços de esgotamento sanitário. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso com 8 municípios da região serrana catarinense que permitiu, por meio da leitura dos pareceres técnicos emitidos pela FUNASA, concluir que os principais problemas enfrentados por tais municípios, e que resultaram na não aprovação de seus projetos, estão associados principalmente à problemas na entrega de documentação exigida para submissão à análise técnica, à baixa qualidade técnica dos projetos e à metodologia e falta de padronização nos procedimentos de análise da FUNASA.
Del transductor ecográfico al bisturí: correlación anatómica entre las imágenes ecocardiográficas y los hallazgos quirúrgicos en la enfermedad de la válvula mitral nativa y protésica
Authors: Cotella Juan I. , Jeevanandam Valluvan , Lang Roberto M.
Published: June 2023

La evaluación de la anatomía y dinámica de la válvula mitral (VM) es esencial para comprender la valvulopatíay planificar intervenciones terapéuticas para disminuir la morbimortalidad de los pacientes. El ecocardiogramatranstorácico (ETT) permite la evaluación estructural y funcional exhaustiva de la VM en tiempo real y, gracias asu reproducibilidad y disponibilidad casi universal, se ha convertido en la modalidad principal para evaluar la VM.Debido a la naturaleza tomográfica del ETT, es necesario evaluar la VM ubicando el transductor en variasposiciones para lograr una evaluación anatómica y funcional completas. Las modalidades ecocardiográficasavanzadas, como la ecocardiografía transesofágica (ETE), suelen ser esenciales para determinar la etiología, elmecanismo y la gravedad de la valvulopatía mitral, así como para decidir el momento y el método de intervenciónadecuados. (1) Además, en las guías se ha propuesto que sería útil lograr una mayor expansión de esta técnicapara facilitar la toma de decisiones quirúrgicas. (2)El uso de la ecocardiografía tridimensional (3D) permite rotar y visualizar las estructuras cardíacas desdecualquier perspectiva deseada, lo que evita suposiciones geométricas y, al mismo tiempo, aporta informaciónanatómica y funcional. (1)Una amplia variedad de anomalías estructurales y diversas etiologías pueden afectar la VM. Debido a laestructura y fisiología complejas del aparato de la VM, suele ser difícil identificar los mecanismos que originanla valvulopatía mitral. Aunque se han desarrollado procedimientos percutáneos como tratamiento alternativopara determinados pacientes cuya anatomía es adecuada, la intervención quirúrgica sigue siendo el tratamientoesencial para la enfermedad de la VM nativa y las complicaciones asociadas a la prótesis. (3)En este trabajo presentamos una serie completa de casos de etiologías diferentes de la enfermedad de la VMnativa y protésica con el fin de describir la correlación entre la información clínica aportada por las distintasmodalidades ecocardiográficas y los hallazgos anatómicos observados en el quirófano, y así presentar una “imagencompleta” de la enfermedad, desde el transductor ecocardiográfico hasta el bisturí
Cause of Seamless Integration
Authors: Bronner Yigal
Published: June 2023

This paper revisits the longstanding tradition concerning the dual authorship of the Light on Literature (Kāvyaprakāśa), the dominant treatise on Sanskrit poetics in the second millennium CE. The discussion focuses on one case study, a brief comment dismissing the ornament “cause” (hetu), found in the latter part of chapter 10 in the portion traditionally attributed to Mammaṭa’s successor Allaṭa (aka Alaka). This passage is analyzed in the broader context of the Light’s discussion of semantic capacities (chapter 2), suggestion (chapter 4), and other ornaments (chapter 10). The essay also looks at the way generations of commentators have dealt with this topic and the potential inconsistencies in its treatment in the Light. The paper thus throws light on the question of the work’s overall integration, seamless or not so seamless, both in its genetic and receptive histories.
Front Matter
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2023

Articles

Review Article

Reviews

Brief Revies
Review of Chan before Chan: Meditation, Repentance, and Visionary Experience in Chinese Buddhism
Authors: Heirman Ann
Published: June 2023

Chan before Chan: Meditation, Repentance, and Visionary Experience in Chinese Buddhism. By Eric M. Greene. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2021. Pp. xiv + 313. $68 (cloth); $20 (paper).
Review of The Archaeological Survey of the Desert Road between Berenike and the Nile Valley: Expeditions by the University of Michigan and the University of Delaware to the Eastern Desert of Egypt, 1987–2015
Authors: Darnell John
Published: June 2023

The Archaeological Survey of the Desert Road between Berenike and the Nile Valley: Expeditions by the University of Michigan and the University of Delaware to the Eastern Desert of Egypt, 1987–2015. Edited by Steven E. Sidebotham and Jennifer E. Gates-Foster. American Schools of Oriental Research, Archaeological Reports, vol. 26. Boston: American SchooLs of Oriental Research, 2019. Pp. xxiii + 480, illus. $84.95. [Distributed by ISD, Bristol, CT]
Review of The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization. Vol. 1: Ancient Israel, from Its Beginnings through 332 BCE
Authors: Fried Lisbeth S.
Published: June 2023

The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization. Vol. 1: Ancient Israel, from Its Beginnings through 332 BCE. Edited by Jeffrey H. Tigay and Adele Berlin. Lucerne: The Posen Foundation, and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2021. Pp. lvii + 538, illus. $200.
Review of Die Zitadelle von Dūr-Katlimmu in mittel- und neuassyrischer Zeit
Authors: Postgate J. N.
Published: June 2023

Die Zitadelle von Dūr-Katlimmu in mittel- und neuassyrischer Zeit. Edited by Hartmut Kühne. 3 vols. Berichte der Ausgrabung Tall Šēḫ Ḥamad / Dūr-Katlimmu, vol. 12. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2021. Pp. xl + 433 (vol. 1); xi + 307 (vol. 2); 57 loose supplements in case. €298.
Review of A Handbook of Modern Arabic Historical Scholarship on the Ancient and Medieval Periods
Authors: Varisco Daniel M.
Published: June 2023

A Handbook of Modern Arabic Historical Scholarship on the Ancient and Medieval Periods. Edited by Amar S. Baadj. Handbook of Oriental Studies, The Near and Middle East, vol. 155. Leiden: Brill 2021. Pp. xxix + 653. $209, €175.
Review of The Khārijites in Early Islamic Historical Tradition: Heroes and Villains
Authors: Judd Steven C.
Published: June 2023

The Khārijites in Early Islamic Historical Tradition: Heroes and Villains. By Hannah-Lena Hagemann. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. Pp. xii + 316. $110, £85.
Students’ Challenges and Strategies in Extensive Listening Class
Authors: Listiyanti Eka Puji , Listyani
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the students’ challenges in Extensive Listening class and find the strategies that students used to overcome those challenges. The researchers conducted this study to answer the questions of: What are the students’ challenges in Extensive Listening class? And What are the strategies for students to overcome those challenges in Extensive Listening class? This study used qualitative research. The participants of this study were ten students from 2019 and 2020 class year who had taken an Extensive Listening class majoring in English Language Education Program, Faculty of Language and Arts at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana. In collecting the data, the researchers used online interviews through Zoom Meeting. The results of this study showed the students’ challenges in Extensive Listening class and strategies used to overcome the challenges in Extensive Listening class. The challenges faced by students in the Extensive Listening class were divided into internal and external factors. In the internal factors consisted of only one participant. Meanwhile, external factors consisted of six participants. Besides the challenges, this study also showed the strategies used by students to overcome the challenges and improve their listening skills, and it consisted of 10 strategies.
The Relationship of Knowledge, Practices, and Culture on Low Coverage of Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Marniati  , Alamsyah T. , Anwar Sufyan , Mulyani Itza , Putri Enda Silvia
Published: June 2023

Aims: The aims of this study was to analyze the influence of knowledge Practices and,Culture on the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding.

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding as early as possible after delivery, given without schedule, and not given other food even if only water until the baby is six months old. Development Agency of the Indonesian Ministry of Health said Exclusive Breastfeeding in Aceh Province is 41.0%, the coverage of breastfeeding in Aceh Province is very low and has not reached the target set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health, which is 80%. West Aceh's exclusive breastfeeding coverage 44%, exclusive breastfeeding coverage is still far from the target. The Meutulang region for two consecutive years still has the same achievement rate of 13.4%.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional Survey approach.

Location and Duration of Study: Conducted in December 2022 (15 November-20 Desember) in Meutulang District, West Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.

Methods: The population of all mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months. Sampling by the total sampling method, where all polluters were sampled as many as 44 respondents were. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate and then tested with a Simple Linear Regression Model.

Results: proved that there is an influence of knowledge, action, and culture on the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding as evidenced by the correlation value (R) of 0.601 and the value of the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.464, which means that the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable is 46.4% where the correlation between the independent and dependent variables is in a strong category with value (Pvalue <0.05).

Conclusion: There was an influence of knowledge with value (Pvalue 0.011<0.05), value action (Pvalue 0.028<0.05), and value culture (Pvalue 0.000<0.05) on the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding.

Suggestions: There needs to be more intense socialization and enlightenment by relevant officers in terms of mothers' understanding of exclusive breastfeeding so that mothers consider exclusive breastfeeding more important and can analyze the culture around them to give breast milk to their babies at least until the age of 6 months.
Influence of Weather, Vector and Variety on Incidence of Yellow Leaf Disease in Sugarcane
Authors: Saritha R. , Chandrasekhar V. , Bhavani B. , Visalakshi M.
Published: June 2023

Yellow leaf disease of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) caused by the Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), vectored by aphids has attained epidemic proportions causing severe yield losses, ranging from 20 to 40 % in susceptible varieties.  Yellow leaf spread by aphids depends on cultivar susceptibility as well as weather parameters and thus the present studies were conceptualized. The observations on meteorological parameters were taken from the observatory at the station. The data on incidence of vector(aphids)  and yellow leaf disease were recorded at weekly interval during the entire crop growth period on three sugarcane varieties viz., 2005 A 128, 2001 A 63 and 2003 V 46. The data on vector and disease incidence was correlated with weather parameters. The aphid incidence on 2005 A 128 initiated (4.6 per leaf) at 30 SMW and gradually increased to 19.1 per leaf at 40 SMW. In the variety 2001 A 63, the aphid incidence was first observed (2.2 per leaf) at 27 SMW and reached the peak population of 19.1 per leaf at 38 SMW. The aphid incidence on 2003 V 46 initiated (2.1 per leaf) at 29 SMW and gradually increased to 18.1 per leaf at 42 SMW. With regard to yellow leaf disease the incidence was first observed (1.0 per cent) at 26 SMW and reached the peak (28.7 per cent) at 37 SMW in the variety 2005 A 128. In the variety 2001 A 63, the incidence of yellow leaf disease was 1.8 per cent at 26 SMW which later on increased up to 29.4 per cent by 46 SMW.  The incidence of yellow leaf disease was 3.5 per cent at 28 SMW which later on increased up to 27.6 per cent by 44 SMW in the variety 2003 V 46.The observations on incidence of aphids and YLD in susceptible varieties revealed that aphids contribute significantly to the initial spread of YLD, from initial incidence of aphids and YLD in 29-30 SW up to 42-44 SMW when the aphids reach peak incidence and YLD also leaps to above 25 per cent. The aphid population exhibited positive correlation with maximum temperature (r2=0.62), minimum temperature (r2=0.55) and relative humidity I (r2=0.65), whereas, negative correlation with rainfall (r2=-0.63). The yellow leaf disease exhibited positive correlation with minimum temperature (r2=0.75) and relative humidity I (r2=0.67), whereas, negative correlation with rainfall (r2=-0.63). The leaf and aphid samples were collected at peak incidence of Yellow leaf disease and were tested and found positive for presence of virus using ELISA reader at 405 nm.
Inter Cropping of Chilli with Coriander and Fenugreek in Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions
Authors: Dubey Sagar , Singh Devi , Wesley C. John
Published: June 2023

A field experiment entitled “Inter Cropping of Chilli With Coriander and Fenugreek in Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions” was conducted from December, 2021 – March, 2022 at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and 08 treatments. The experiment consisted of six cropping combinations viz., sole chilli, sole coriander, sole fenugreek, chilli + coriander, chilli+ fenugreek, chilli + coriander + fenugreek. The highest yield (green chilli) was obtained from treatment T1 (Sole chilli @ 100 % RDF) (13.06 t ha-1). Among the intercropping treatments, the highest chilli yield (12.73 t ha-1) was obtained from treatment T4 (chilli @ 85% RDF + coriander @15% RDF) whereas the lowest (10.54 t ha-1) was found in treatment T8 (chilli @ 55 % RDF + coriander @ 22.5 % RDF + fenugreek@ 22.5% RDF). Chilli production was decreased by intercropping, but overall chilli yield rose above solitary chilli due to the contribution of companion crops. The highest chilli along with intercrop yield (150.71 t ha-1), gross return (1101506 Rs. ha-1), net return (817969 Rs. ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.88) were obtained from treatment T8 (chilli @ 55 % RDF + coriander @ 22.5 % RDF + fenugreek@ 20% RDF). Considering the experimental findings, treatment T8 (chilli @ 55 % RDF + coriander @ 22.5 % RDF + fenugreek@ 20% RDF) found the most suitable combination for higher productivity and economic return under Prayagraj agro-climatic conditions.
Responses of Different Levels of Pruning and Biofertilizer on Fruit Growth and Quality of Assam Lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm] under the Foothills of Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Rathour T. P. , Nimbolkar P. K. , Wangchu L. , Mailappa A. S. , Devachandra N.
Published: June 2023

The present experiment was conducted in the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, during the year 2021-2022. The trial was laid out using two factorial RBD replicated thrice. Assam lemon trees were pruned at 25% (P1), 50% (P2) from the top apex and soil drenching with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 90g/plant (B1), Trichoderma @ 90g/plant (B2), Azotobacter @ 15g/plant (B3) and a combination of PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) @ 90g/plant + Trichoderma @ 90g/plant + Azotobacter @ 15g/plant (B4) at two feet away from the tree trunk with the interaction of both factors and were compared with control. The results revealed that the morphological and biochemical characters were significantly affected by high pruning intensity (50%) and biofertilizers treatment B4 (Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 90g/plant + Trichoderma @ 90g/plant + Azotobacter @ 15g/plant) and their combinations. It was concluded that the treatment P2B4 pruning 50% + Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 90g/plant + Trichoderma @ 90g/plant + Azotobacter @ 15g/plant in Assam lemon were vital for fruit morphological and biochemical characteristics.
The Unpreparedness of a Health District in the Face of an Epidemic, the Case of COVID-19 and Its Impact on Neurosurgery Activities
Authors: Fondop J. , Tchoffo M. C. Atyam Ekoto , Atemken T. , Djam C. A. , Ondo J. F. Ondo , Takoudjou L. T.
Published: June 2023

In December 2019, the occurrence of several cases of pneumonia of unknown origin in Hubei province in China led to the identification in January 2020 of a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2 by the Coronavirus Working Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.  In 2019 the national strategy to combat COVI 19 planned for national and regional centres.  Thus, as of 20 March 2019, the first suspected cases were registered and taken care of by the District Hospital of Dschang in an unpredictable manner and without any fund.

The objective of this study was to describe the management of the COVID 19 epidemic by a district hospital without preparation and to describe its impact on hospital activities, in particular neurosurgery.

Methodology: it was a retrospective descriptive study, focused on the documents and the management of human resources, material, suspect patients and financial means of the hospital during the first phase of the epidemic from March - August 2019 the crisis. It wasonly in September 2019 that the plan provided for the monitoring of patients at home and the patient at the case infected in KOUEKONG in Bafoussam in the region.

The result A service was created with new staff as a matter of urgency and the hospitalisation of the first suspect led to a drop in the early attendance of the structure, hospitalisation of the hospital  and especially of the surgery service. The barrier measures introduced at the hospital were financed entirely by the hospital's own funds and donations, without any special funding, the hospital's revenue fell from 46,909,106 CFA francs in January 2019 to 27,103,235 CFA francs in June 2019, with a 43% drop in June 2019. expenses, masked by donations, fell from 46,909,106 CFA francs in January 2020 to 24,765,492 CFA francs in May 2020, but increased slightly to reach 38,724,361 CFA francs in August 2020. All activities were affected particularly surgery and neurosurgery.

Conclusion: The unpredictable management of the Covi19 epidemic led to a disruption of the hospital's organisation and human resources, a drop in the hospital's income and an increase in the burden of self-management, without subsidies from the hierarchy.
Health Economics- An Essential Armamentarium to the Present Day Clinician
Authors: Subrahmanyam Hemanth Kowdley
Published: June 2023

Given the present financial climate, increased spending on the healthcare by the system has become a challenge leaving it embroiled in a state of disarray. With this background, clinician’s decision-making ability comes with having the knowledge of the economic framework in order to provide the best care for our patients. Health economics (HE) thus has become an emerging discipline which is an essential armamentarium for today’s clinician. In this paper, we look at the essentials of the economics as well as the internal and external shocks that has influenced the services. We also discuss the economic evaluation parameters which is essential for planning the future of the services thus highlighting the importance of HE with a strong argument to be incorporated into the medical curriculum in future.
Recent Advances in Crop Improvement of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) for High Fruit Yield and Quality
Authors: Komala Majjiga , Lakshmi K. Swarajya , Madhavi N.
Published: June 2023

Capsicum annuum L. is an indispensable spice cum vegetable crop cultivated worldwide for its edible fruit. The current research is majorly focused on the development of improved chilli varieties to achieve high fruit yield and quality to meet the rapidly growing market demands. Therefore, the screening of the chilli landraces and local cultivars for the genetic variation would provide best parents for the chilli crop improvement. Most of the recent chilli breeding programmes involve the assessment of genetic variation among the genotypes by the estimation of important genetic variation parameters such as phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and genetic advance, gene flow, and cluster analysis. Correlation and path coefficient analysis was also applied to evaluate the progeny to understand the association between desired traits. The popular DNA-based molecular marker system, simple sequence repeat, is predominantly applied to understand the genetic variation as well as to select the desired progeny. In this current review, we discussed such recent research reports on chilli crop improvement for high fruit yield and quality, highlighted the recent major achievements and provided the important information for the chilli breeders.  We hope this current review would shed light on recent developments in chilli crop improvement and help chilli breeders for their future breeding programmes.
Assessment of the Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment Plant in Oil and Gas Firm in Eleme Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwoko Ogechi L. , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Aguwamba Jonah C. , Ikebude Chiedozie F.
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to determine the efficiency of a wastewater treatment plant and the quality of effluent discharged by the plant into the receiving water body (Okochiri River) in Eleme, Rivers State. The study lasted for four months. Wastewater samples were collected at various stages of the treatment unit and tested for major water quality parameter such as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), oil/grease, phenol, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and sulphide. In general, the composite wastewater treatment system (comprising dissolve air floatation, Rotary Bio-Disk, and sedimentation unit) was effective in pollutant removal, except for sulphide, which had a negative efficiency (-238%). In line with Pearson Correlation, there are strong positive relationships between several parameters, such as pH and Sulphide (0.93), Phenol and Oil/grease (1.00), and Phosphate and Sulphide (0.91). The Principal Component Analysis yielded four principal components (PC1-4): PC1 parameters with the highest loadings on the first factor (D1) were sulphates and phenols, whereas Chemical Oxygen Demand and Biological Oxygen Demand had the highest loadings on the second factor (D2). Dissolved oxygen was most strongly associated with the third factor (D3), and pH was the parameter with the highest loading on the fourth factor (D4). It is recommended that the wastewater treatment system's overall efficiency be improved for the system to consistently meet regulatory limits for pollutant control. Recommendations for improving system efficiency include (1) ensuring regular maintenance of individual units in the treatment plant; and (2) maintaining optimal operating conditions for the rotary bio-disk unit.
Effects of Covid-19 on indigenous primary health care: perceptions of professionals / Efeitos da Covid-19 na atenção primária a saúde dos indígenas: percepções dos profissionais
Authors: Oliveira Angélica Tais de , Hermes Thomas Tombini Larissa , Barros de Souza Jeane , Faganello Madureira Valéria Silvana , De Prado Pilger Kelly Cristina
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: compreender os efeitos da pandemia  COVID-19 na Atenção Primária à Saúde dos indígenas, na percepção dos profissionais da saúde. Método: pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. Contou-se com a participação de sete profissionais que atuavam em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde vinculada ao Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram desenvolvidas entrevistas semiestruturadas no primeiro semestre de 2022. A análise dos dados foi norteada pela análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: os efeitos da COVID-19 na saúde dos indígenas na Atenção Primária envolveram o  processo de trabalho na conjuntura pandêmica, cuidado integral à saude da população indígena, saúde mental dos profissionais e dos indígenas. Conclusão: frente aos desafios vividos, destacou-se a eficiência e responsabilidade dos profissionais atuantes na Atenção Primária dos indígenas, desde a vigilância até a reabilitação, para a preservação da saúde dos indivíduos e coletivos.
Association of Early Hysterectomy With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Women
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Kim Byung Gyu , Lee Byoung Kwon , Seo Jongkwon , Kim Gwang Sil , Min Kyongjin , Lee Hye Young , Byun Young Sup , Kim Byung Ok , Yang Seung-Woo , Kim Myoung-Hwan , Yoon Sang-Hee , Seo Yong-Soo
Published: June 2023

Importance

Women who undergo surgical hysterectomy before natural menopause may have an earlier increase in hematocrit and storage iron levels than those who continue menstruation, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at ages younger than usually seen. Examining this issue may provide important implications for women’s cardiovascular health to both physicians and patients.

Objective

To evaluate the association of hysterectomy with the risk of incident CVD among women before age 50 years.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this Korean population-based cohort study, 135 575 women aged 40 to 49 years were evaluated from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014. After propensity score matching in covariates including age, socioeconomic status, region, Charlson Comorbidity Index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, menopause, menopausal hormone therapy, and adnexal surgery before inclusion, 55 539 pairs were included in the hysterectomy and nonhysterectomy groups. Participants were followed up until December 31, 2020. Data analysis was conducted from December 20, 2021, to February 17, 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was an incidental CVD, a composite of myocardial infarction, coronary artery revascularization, and stroke. The individual components of the primary outcome were also evaluated.

Results

A total of 55 539 pairs were included; median age in the combined groups was 45 (IQR, 42-47) years. During median follow-up periods in the hysterectomy group of 7.9 (IQR, 6.8-8.9) years and nonhysterectomy group of 7.9 (IQR, 6.8-8.8) years, the incidence of CVD was 115 per 100 000 person-years for the hysterectomy group and 96 per 100 000 person-years for the nonhysterectomy group. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hysterectomy group had an increased risk of CVD compared with the nonhysterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.44). The incidences of myocardial infarction and coronary artery revascularization were comparable between the groups, whereas the risk of stroke was significantly higher in the hysterectomy group (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.12-1.53). Even after excluding women who underwent oophorectomy, the hysterectomy group had higher risks of CVD (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.44).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cohort study suggest early menopause owing to hysterectomy was associated with increased risks for a composite of CVD, particularly stroke.
Violent video game exposure and bullying perpetration among Chinese adolescents: The moderating role of belief in a just world
Authors: Lei Xingwu , Nie Qian , Chen Chun , Teng Zhaojun
Published: June 2023

Exposure to violent video games is associated with aggressive behaviors among adolescents. However, not all adolescents who play violent video games demonstrate bullying behaviors. Based on the General Aggression Model (GAM), this cross‐sectional study examined the interactive effect of individuals (i.e., belief in a just world [BJW]) and situational factors (i.e., violent video game exposure [VVGE]) on bullying perpetration. Using a representative sample of 4250 adolescents from five secondary schools in Southwest China (54.4% males, Mage = 15.14, SD = 1.5 years old), we examined the moderating role of BJW in the relationship between VVGE and bullying perpetration. The results suggest that VVGE is significantly and positively associated with bullying perpetration. Moreover, after controlling for covariates, general and personal BJW interact with the situational variable (i.e., VVGE) to predict bullying perpetration among Chinese adolescents. The positive effect of VVGE on bullying perpetration is lower among adolescents with high general and personal BJW than among adolescents with low BJW. The findings support the GAM theory and highlight the buffering role of BJW in the effect of VVGE on bullying perpetration.
Updates on Recent Clinical Assessment of Commercial Chronic Wound Care Products
Authors: Sharma Archita , Sharma Dhavan , Zhao Feng
Published: June 2023

Impaired wound healing after trauma, disorders, and surgeries impact millions of people globally every year. Dysregulation in orchestrated healing mechanisms and underlying medical complications make chronic wound management extremely challenging. Besides standard‐of‐care treatments including broad spectrum antibiotics and wound‐debridement, novel adjuvant therapies are clinically tested and commercialized. These include topical agents, skin substitutes, growth factor delivery, and stem cell therapies. With a goal to overcome factors playing pivotal role in delayed wound healing, researchers are exploring novel approaches to elicit desirable healing outcomes in chronic wounds. Although recent innovations in wound care products, therapies, and devices are extensively reviewed in past, a comprehensive review summarizing their clinical outcomes is surprisingly lacking. Herein, this work reviews the commercially available wound care products and their performance in clinical trials to provide a statistically comprehensive understanding of their safety and efficacy. The performance and suitability of various commercial wound care platforms, including xenogeneic and allogenic products, wound care devices, and novel biomaterials, are discussed for chronic wounds. The current clinical evaluation will provide a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of the most‐recent approaches and will enable researchers and healthcare providers to develop next‐generation technologies for chronic wound management.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Transformations Involving the Heck Reaction
Authors: Zhang Xue‐Song , Han Ya‐Ping , Zhang Yuecheng , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: June 2023

Elaborated molecular architectures including complex carbocycles, heterocycles, and polycyclic molecular structures represent an important class of organic compounds because they are ubiquitous structural units in a broad variety of biologically and pharmacologically relevant natural products, medicinal molecules, and functional materials. A major challenge in modern synthetic methodology is the development of strategically efficient and selective construction of these compounds from readily available starting materials. Transition‐metal‐catalyzed transformations involving Heck reaction as the pivotal step have afforded a powerful approach for accessing sophisticated polycyclic skeletons from a set of easy‐to handle starting materials, thus highlighting its potential significance in streamlining the drug discovery process. Over the past few decades, significant effort has been devoted to accessing complex polycyclic derivatives in efficient and versatile routes, and a number of powerful and direct synthetic strategies have been reported. In this review, the latest advances in transition‐metal‐catalyzed transformations involving Heck reaction as the critical step are summarized, which could be divided into six categories: 1) Heck/Sonogashira tandem reaction; 2) Heck/Suzuki tandem reaction; 3) Heck/Heck tandem reaction; 4) Heck/Hiyama tandem reaction; 5) Heck/Cacchi tandem reaction; 6) Heck/C−H bond functionalization tandem reaction.