bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diffusion kurtosis imaging and diffusion weighted imaging comparison in diagnosis of early hypoxic–ischemic brain edema
Authors: Han Yuxuan , Wu Peng , Tian Juan , Chen Honghai , Yang Chao
Published: May 2023

Background

Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) refers to cerebral hypoxic–ischemic injury caused by asphyxia during perinatal period, which is one of the important causes of neonatal death and sequelae. Early and accurate diagnosis of HIE is of great significance for the prognostic evaluation of patients. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy of diffusion-kurtosis imaging (DKI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of early HIE.

Methods

Twenty Yorkshire newborn piglets (3–5 days) were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. DWI and DKI scanning were performed at timepoints of 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, and 24 h after hypoxic–ischemic exposure. At each timepoint, the parameter values obtained by each group scan were measured, and the lesion area of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map and mean diffusion coefficient (MDC) map were measured. (For better interpretation of this study, we replaced the description of MD with MDC). Then, we completely removed the brain for pathological examination, and observed the state of cells and mitochondria in the ADC/MDC matching area (the actual area of the lesion), and the mismatch area (the area around the lesion).

Results

In the experimental group, the ADC and MDC values decreased with time, but the MDC decreased more significantly and the change rate was higher. Both MDC and ADC values changed rapidly from 3 to 12 h and slowly from 12 to 24 h. The MDC and ADC images showed obvious lesions at 3 h for the first time. At this time, the area of ADC lesions was larger than that of MDC. As the lesions developed, the area of ADC maps was always larger than that of the MDC maps within 24 h. By observing the microstructure of the tissues by light microscopy, we found that the ADC and MDC matching area in the experimental group showed swelling of neurons, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and local necrotic lesions. Consistent with the observation under light microscope, pathological changes were observed in the matching ADC and MDC regions under electron microscopy as well, including collapse of mitochondrial membrane, fracture of partial mitochondrial ridge, and emergence of autophagosomes. In the mismatching region, the above pathological changes were not observed in the corresponding region of the ADC map.

Conclusions

DKI’s characteristic parameter MDC is better than ADC (parameter of DWI) to reflect the real area of the lesion. Therefore, DKI is superior to DWI in diagnosing early HIE.
ANXA6/TRPV2 axis promotes lymphatic metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by inducing autophagy
Authors: Wang Min , Pan Min , Li Yanshi , Lu Tao , Wang Zhihai , Liu Chuan , Hu Guohua
Published: May 2023

Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is highly aggressive with a significant tropism of lymph nodes, which restricts treatment options and negatively impacts patient outcomes. Although progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying lymphatic metastasis (LM), these mechanisms remain elusive. ANXA6 is a scaffold protein that participates in tumor pathogenesis and autophagy regulation; however, how ANXA6 affects autophagy and LM in HNSCC cells remains unknown.

Methods

RNA sequencing was performed on HNSCC clinical specimens with or without metastasis as well as on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to investigate ANXA6 expression and survival. Both in vitro and in vivo studies were performed to investigate the role of ANXA6 in the regulation of LM in HNSCC. The molecular mechanism by which ANXA6 interacts with TRPV2 was examined at the molecular level.

Results

ANXA6 expression was significantly upregulated in HNSCC patients with LM and higher expression was associated with poor prognosis. ANXA6 overexpression promoted the proliferation and mobility of FaDu and SCC15 cells in vitro; however, ANXA6 knockdown retarded LM in HNSCC in vivo. ANXA6 induced autophagy by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in HNSCC, thereby regulating the metastatic capability of the disease. Furthermore, ANXA6 expression positively correlated with TRPV2 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Lastly, TRPV2 inhibition reversed ANXA6-induced autophagy and LM.

Conclusions

These results indicate that the ANXA6/TRPV2 axis facilitates LM in HNSCC by stimulating autophagy. This study provides a theoretical basis for investigating the ANXA6/TRPV2 axis as a potential target for the treatment of HNSCC, as well as a biomarker for predicting LM.
Integrative multi-omics analysis depicts the methylome and hydroxymethylome in recurrent bladder cancers and identifies biomarkers for predicting PD-L1 expression
Authors: Shi Zhen-Duo , Han Xiao-Xiao , Song Zi-Jian , Dong Yang , Pang Kun , Wang Xin-Lei , Liu Xin-Yu , Lu Hao , Xu Guang-Zhi , Hao Lin , Dong Bing-Zheng , Liang Qing , Wu Xiao-Ke , Han Cong-Hui
Published: May 2023

Background

Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a common malignancy of the urinary tract; however, the mechanism underlying its high recurrence and responses to immunotherapy remains unclear, making clinical outcome predictions difficult. Epigenetic alterations, especially DNA methylation, play important roles in bladder cancer development and are increasingly being investigated as biomarkers for diagnostic or prognostic predictions. However, little is known about hydroxymethylation since previous studies based on bisulfite-sequencing approaches could not differentiate between 5mC and 5hmC signals, resulting in entangled methylation results.

Methods

Tissue samples of bladder cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC), partial cystectomy (PC), or transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) were collected. We utilized a multi-omics approach to analyze both primary and recurrent bladder cancer samples. By integrating various techniques including RNA sequencing, oxidative reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (oxRRBS), reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), and whole exome sequencing, a comprehensive analysis of the genome, transcriptome, methylome, and hydroxymethylome landscape of these cancers was possible.

Results

By whole exome sequencing, we identified driver mutations involved in the development of UBC, including those in FGFR3, KDMTA, and KDMT2C. However, few of these driver mutations were associated with the down-regulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) or recurrence in UBC. By integrating RRBS and oxRRBS data, we identified fatty acid oxidation-related genes significantly enriched in 5hmC-associated transcription alterations in recurrent bladder cancers. We also observed a series of 5mC hypo differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the gene body of NFATC1, which is highly involved in T-cell immune responses in bladder cancer samples with high expression of PD-L1. Since 5mC and 5hmC alternations are globally anti-correlated, RRBS-seq-based markers that combine the 5mC and 5hmC signals, attenuate cancer-related signals, and therefore, are not optimal as clinical biomarkers.

Conclusions

By multi-omics profiling of UBC samples, we showed that epigenetic alternations are more involved compared to genetic mutations in the PD-L1 regulation and recurrence of UBC. As proof of principle, we demonstrated that the combined measurement of 5mC and 5hmC levels by the bisulfite-based method compromises the prediction accuracy of epigenetic biomarkers.
Colonization and endophytic effect of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. UHSB-END1 against Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Plutella xylostella (L.) in cabbage
Authors: Yogananda T. , Ramanagouda S. H. , Venkateshalu B. , Jamunarani G. S. , Rashmi S. H. , Awati Mallikarjun , Hadimani H. P.
Published: May 2023

Background

Fungal microbial biocontrol agent playing an important role in sustainable pest management with low cost. Conidial contact with cuticle is sufficient to cause disease in insects by entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) compared to bacteria and viruses which required ingestion of contaminated food. The field level application of fungi resulted inconsistent in their efficacy against insects as they withstand in the agroecosystem with adverse environmental conditions. To overcome this bottleneck, endophytic EPF, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Cordycipitaceae: Hypocreales), is well-studied for the management of insects of cultivated crops and got promising results. The colonization of endophytic isolates varied from one host plant to another and virulence against insects too. Hence, the study was undertaken to know the colonization of indigenous B. bassiana UHSB-END1 isolate in cabbage plant and its efficacy against major insects of cabbage.

Results

The indigenous isolate of B. bassiana UHSB-END1 was able to colonize cabbage in all the methods of inoculations (seed treatment, seedling root dip, soil drenching, foliar spray and combination treatment) at 30, 45 and 60 days of post-inoculation (dpi). However, the colonization of the fungus inside the cabbage was restricted to tissues of inoculation, and movement from the site of inoculation to other parts of the plant was poor. In the present study, colonization was the highest at 30 dpi in all methods of colonization with restricted colonization to the site of exposure of fungus. Further, in vivo and in planta assay confirmed the effectiveness of B. bassiana UHSB-END1 colonized cabbage against Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus). Under in vivo conditions the maximum mortality of M. persicae and P. xylostella was recorded at 30 dpi. It was decreased slightly at 45 dpi, and the lowest morality was recorded at 60 dpi. In planta experiment also proved better efficacy against both the test insects. Wherein mortality of M. persicae ranged from 22 to 36% five days after release (DAR), it was increased to 48–68% at 10 DAR and reached highest mortality rate at 15DAR (72–96%). Similarly, mortality of P. xylostella ranged from 14 to 24% after five DAR, and it was 27–44% at 10 DAR, and maximum mortality rate of larvae were recorded at 15 DAR (64–96%).

Conclusion

The present study reported 100% colonization of cabbage plant by indigenous B. bassiana UHSB-END1 at 30 dpi in combination of treatment and showed a maximum efficacy in managing the population of major insects of cabbage. Introducing this indigenous isolate will pave a ray of hope in managing the both key insects (P. xylostella and M. persicae) in cabbage agroecosystem without disturbing the environment and further helps in production of cabbage with minimum pesticide residue for consumers.
Evaluation of cardiac function in asthmatic children by Tissue Doppler Echocardiography
Authors: Wagdy Reham , El-Deriny Ghada
Published: May 2023

Background

Bronchial asthma is a global health problem with rising prevalence in developing countries. Children with severe asthma can experience cor pulmonale later in life, but little is known about the cardiac changes that might be present earlier in mild or moderate severity of disease. This study aimed to evaluate biventricular function among children suffering from persistent asthma by Tissue Doppler Echocardiography (TDE).

Results

Thirty-five asthmatic children enrolled from Alexandria Children’s Hospital between September 2021 to May 2022; they were compared to 35 healthy matched children. Chronic respiratory disease, cardiac disease, or other comorbidities were excluded. The mean age of cases was 8.87 ± 2.03 years with a male/female ratio of 54.3%:45.7%. There were 28.3% mild cases, 45.7% moderate, and 25.7% severe. Conventional echocardiographic variables of cardiac function were normal for both ventricles. The TDE indices of medial mitral annulus (S’ velocity and peak E’) were significantly reduced (14.55 ± 2.30 and 14.69 ± 2.30) versus controls (15.68 ± 1.96, 15.69 ± 1.76, P; 0.044, P < 0.0045) but with preserved LV function. The lateral tricuspid annulus (S’ velocity and peak E’) was significantly reduced (11.53 ± 3.24 and 11.56 ± 3.18) versus controls (15.71 ± 0.98, 16.02 ± 1.75, < 0.001*), while E/A and IVRT were significantly increased (1.49 ± 0.06 versus 1.70 ± 0.18 and 102.39 ± 5.37 versus 140.10 ± 34.35, respectively, P < 0.001*) with impaired RV function. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was negatively correlated with the IVRT of the tricuspid annulus (P = 0.002, r = −0.503*) and to the E'/A' (P = 0.036, r =−0.355*). All TDE variables of lateral tricuspid annulus of severe subgroups were significantly  changed versus moderate or mild subgroups.

Conclusions

Tissue Doppler echocardiography is the recommended modality for early detection of biventricular cardiac dysfunction among children with different levels of asthma severity. Periodic screening is advised through the use of IVRT especially for RV.
Surgical training in extended sleeve lobectomy with fresh-frozen human cadavers: a case report
Authors: Sakamoto Shinichi , Takizawa Hiromitsu , Izaki Fuyumi , Takeuchi Taihei , Sumitomo Hiroyuki , Miyamoto Naoki , Takashima Mika , Kawakita Naoya , Toba Hiroaki , Tsuruo Yoshihiro
Published: May 2023

Background

Extended sleeve lobectomy is a useful technique for avoiding pneumonectomy; however, it requires advanced surgical skills.

Case presentation

Herein, we report the case of a 67-year-old male, who presented with locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma in the left lower lobe and was scheduled to undergo extended sleeve lobectomy (left lower lobectomy + lingulectomy). In order to complete this operation safely, we practiced the procedure on fresh-frozen human cadavers 2 weeks before the surgery. The cadaveric tissue was soft, and the bronchi exhibited comparable fragility to those in the living body. During the actual surgery, the bronchoplasty procedure matched our experience with the cadaver model, and the patient’s postoperative course was uneventful.

Conclusions

Fresh-frozen human cadavers are useful for training surgeons in technically demanding procedures.
Exploring needs and challenges for AI in nursing care – results of an explorative sequential mixed methods study
Authors: Seibert Kathrin , Domhoff Dominik , Fürstenau Daniel , Biessmann Felix , Schulte-Althoff Matthias , Wolf-Ostermann Karin
Published: May 2023

Background and aim

While artificial intelligence (AI) is being adapted for various life domains and applications related to medicine and healthcare, the use of AI in nursing practice is still scarce. The German Ministry for Education and Research funded a study in order to explore needs, application scenarios, requirements, facilitators and barriers for research and development projects in the context of AI in nursing care.

Method

A sequential explorative mixed methods study including a stakeholder and expert workshop (N = 21), expert interviews (N = 14), an online survey (N = 53) and a Datathon (N = 80) was conducted with an emphasis on qualitative data.

Results

Needs and application scenarios encompassed the micro- and meso-level of care and derived from typical phenomena inherent to nursing care as well as from skill- and staff mix and consequences arising from staff shortages, from the extend of informal care and an associated need for information and education of informal caregivers and nursing assistants. Requirements for and characteristics of successful research and development projects included regulatory, processual, technological, ethical and legal aspects and supportive eco-systems.

Conclusion

A key element in the design of research projects remains participatory and demand-driven development that aims to bring AI solutions out of the lab and into practice. However, influencing factors remain that are outside the sphere of influence of individual projects, in particular the creation of resilient legal foundations for data use and the use of AI in practice, standardization of data structures and the establishment of infrastructures for data exchange across institutions and projects.
An empirical investigation on the impact of attitudes towards organ donation in India
Authors: Nayak Vinod C. , Nayak Smitha
Published: May 2023

Background: Organ shortage is a global issue and it is imperative to take steps to bridge this gap. In the Indian context, despite its demographic dividend, the rate of organ donation has been abysmally low. This emphasizes a need to demystify the antecedents of organ donation intention among the Indian population.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional research design and adopting a post-positivism research philosophy, this study identified 259 respondents by adopting a purposive sampling approach and data on knowledge of organ donation was collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire.

Results: Awareness of organ donation law in India is low on specific issues and respondents from the health science & medicine discipline scored better on knowledge about organ donation. The findings show that most participants had heard about organ donation and had a favourable attitude toward it. The primary sources of information on organ donation were television and newspapers, and healthcare service providers. A complementary partial median is established (β = .217, t = 5.889, p < .001) which implies that willingness to discuss with family significantly mediates the association between attitude towards organ & tissue donation and willingness to sign the donor card.

Conclusion: This study revealed that there is a general awareness of organ and tissue donation among the Indian population, but they lack clarity on certain specific issues. Mass media has to be effectively used to build awareness campaigns revolving around enhancing knowledge on a specific issue and building acceptance of the concept of organ and tissue donation.
Systematic review: Safety of surgical male circumcision in context of HIV prevention public health programmes
Authors: Jindai Kazuaki , Farley Tim , Awori Quentin , Temu Anaelia-Siya , Ndenzako Fabian , Samuelson Julia
Published: May 2023

Background: Since the recommendation of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) to reduce the risk of heterosexually acquired HIV, a number of adolescent boys and men in 15 priority countries in Africa have been circumcised. Our primary goal was to identify the incidence of adverse events (AEs) associated with VMMC and to assess the safety profile among adolescent boys 10 – 14 years.

Methods: We searched the databases MEDLINE and Embase, WHO, and conference abstracts from 2005 to 2019. The incidence of AEs was estimated by type of AE, size of study and age.

Results: We retained 40 studies. Severe and moderate AEs overall were estimated at 0.30 per 100 VMMC clients with wide variability per study type. A higher rate was noted in small and moderate scale programmes and device method research studies compared with larger scale programmes. There was a limited number of studies reporting AEs among younger adolescent boys and they had higher infection-related AEs than those aged 20 years and older. Case studies noted rare AEs such as necrotizing fasciitis, tetanus, and glans injury.

Conclusions: AE rates were comparable to those from the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that led to recommendations and implementation of VMMC in high HIV burden countries, despite being implemented in low resource settings. Clients over time have increasingly included adolescents under the age of 15 years. Studies suggest potentially higher risks in this age group. As VMMC services are sustained, patient safety surveillance systems and promoting a patient safety culture are crucial to identify and mitigate potential harms from medical male circumcision.
Patient and community engagement in clinical platform trials
Authors: Jarke Hannes , Röhl Claas , Krause Annekatrin , Boudes Mathieu , Greenhalgh Fiona
Published: May 2023

Platform trials measure the effects of multiple treatments against each other and against one control group simultaneously. Such approaches have the potential to revolutionize how clinical trials are conducted. Treatments can be developed faster, comparisons be made more easily, resources can be saved, and less participants are needed for trials. Within the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) EU Patient Centric Clinical Trial Platform (EU PEARL) project, a public-private consortium aimed to build a framework for patient-centric platform trials together with patients and members of communities affected by four different conditions. The structured involvement of patient and community perspectives and input in research projects is increasingly viewed as a crucial and beneficial trial design factor. However, platform trials are complex endeavours, posing the question of how to involve patients and communities meaningfully. In this paper, we present a repository for Patient and Community Engagement in Platform Trials (PaCEPT), how it was developed, and how it can be used. PaCEPT contains information on general patient and community engagement, which is applicable to platform trials, as well as materials specifically developed for platform trials. The repository can support patients and communities in understanding what platform trials are and how they can benefit them, so that they can make evidence-informed decisions about participating in a platform trial. Further, people interested in becoming actively involved as an advisor for platform trials can gain in-depth insights that can prepare them well for such a role. PaCEPT also features materials that can help researchers to learn about the benefits of patient and community engagement for trial design and execution, and how to approach and include this stakeholder group. We encourage researchers to make use of this resource and call for evaluations of the implementation of the developed materials and the repository as a whole.
Feasibility and acceptability of implementing a practice guideline for the use of high flow nasal cannula in critically ill patients who have hypoxemia: a multi-centre study in Nepal
Authors: Aryal Diptesh , Koirala Kanchan , Luitel Subekshya , Sitoula Kabita , Thapa Kaveri , Rai Namrata , Bhandari Nisha , Khadka Basnet Ruku , Dhakal Sabina , Amatya Samina , Shrestha Sujita , Khanal Kishor , Gamage Dona Dilanthi , Haniffa Rashan , Beane Abi , Dodek Peter
Published: May 2023

Background: Practice guidelines have the potential to improve processes and outcomes of care if strategies to facilitate implementation include attention to feasibility and acceptability in the local setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a guideline for using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in intensive care units (ICUs) that was introduced in Nepal.

Methods: We measured the proportion of eligible patients in seven ICUs who received HFNC between September 14, 2020, and December 9, 2021. We compared measures of oxygenation between patients who successfully survived HFNC and those who did not. We used an electronic survey of healthcare workers to measure the guideline's acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. 

Results: Out of the total (7,121) patients admitted to ICUs during the study period, 4,099 (57%) were eligible and 584 (14%) of the eligible patients received HFNC during the first three days (12% before and 14% after the introduction of the guideline). The median ROX time index (integral of ROX index (PaO2/FiO2 x respiratory rate) over time) of patients who were successfully treated with HFNC (n=146) was greater than that of patients who failed HFNC (n= 42; 0.8 vs. 0.04; p=0.001). Respondents rated the HFNC guideline highly for acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility.

Conclusions: Introduction of the guideline was associated with a small increase in the use of HFNC, but the guideline was feasible, acceptable, and appropriate for use in clinical practice.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection – meta-analysis and literature review
Authors: Siekierko Nikola , Żołnierek Maja , Kotusiewicz Wiktoria , Lewandowski Mateusz , Bienia Grzegorz , Lubczyńska Zuzanna , Popravko Yevheniia , Świętochowski Jakub
Published: May 2023

Background

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), was originally detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In this meta-analysis and literature review, we compared and summarized the clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and electromyography (EMG) findings and outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) and its variants.

Methods

We conducted a literature review in February 2023 searching for terms “Guillain-Barre Syndrome and COVID-19", “SARS neurology”, “COVID-19 complications”. We used PubMed and Google Scholar databases inquiring case reports or series of cases published between April 1, 2020, and September 14, 2023.

Results

Of the 52 GBS cases 61,5% (n=32) were male and 39,5% (n=20) were female. The mean age was 57 years old. A total of 75% (n=33) patients presented acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) variant, 6,8% (n=3) presented acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) variant, 15,9% (n=7) presented acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) variant. A total of 85,7% (n=42) of patients were diagnosed with albuminocytological dissociation. During the hospitalization, a total of 30,8% (n=16) required mechanical ventilation. A total of 61,5% (n=32) of patients were treated with a 5-day regimen of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in dose 0.4 g/kg/day. There were 46,1% (n=24) complete recoveries from GBS, 32,7% (n=17) partial recoveries and 9,6% (n=5) of patients did not respond to treatment. A total of 11,5% (n=6) of patients died.

Conclusion

It is crucial to follow patients with COVID-19 and GBS over time to estimate properly the efficacy of treatment and evaluate the real percentage of recovery and complications.
El Digital Storytelling como herramienta y estrategia educativa en versión 2D y 3D para el desarrollo de la competencia narrativa en la educación infantil
Authors: Hurtado-Mazeyra Alejandra , Núñez-Pacheco Rosa , Alejandro-Oviedo Olga Melina
Published: May 2023

El Digital Storytelling (DST) es una estrategia digital que tiene un carácter de multiformato, que permite potenciar habilidades narrativas en los estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos. Se realizó una investigación con el objetivo central de comprobar la mejora de la competencia narrativa después de una experiencia educativa con el uso de un software Sumac Willaquy (Cuento bonito), que permite aplicar la estrategia de DST. El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo y de tipo preexperimental. Participaron 70 niños de 5 y 6 años de un centro infantil de Perú distribuidos en tres grupos experimentales bajo dos modalidades de intervención en 2D y 3D. Se adaptó un instrumento sobre competencia narrativa infantil para adecuarlo a las características de los niños de cinco años del contexto peruano. Los resultados indicaron que en la medición del postest, los niños obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones en la competencia narrativa con el uso de la versión 3D más que en la versión 2D. En tal sentido se concluye que el DST es más efectivo en su versión de realidad aumentada.
Una Revisión sistemática de instrumentos que evalúan la calidad de aplicaciones móviles de salud
Authors: Delgado-Morales Claudio , Duarte-Hueros Ana
Published: May 2023

En los últimos años ha aumentado significativamente la descarga de aplicaciones móviles (apps) orientadas a desarrollar hábitos saludables en la población en general. No obstante, la mayoría no están sujetas a procesos de regulación de calidad, y los instrumentos de evaluación disponibles pueden estar obsoletos. Esta revisión se ha realizado para conocer el estado del arte sobre procesos de diseño, construcción, validación y principales resultados obtenidos en estudios empíricos acerca de los instrumentos de evaluación de la calidad de dichas apps, todo ello a fin de identificar las principales dimensiones e indicadores comunes. Se han llevado a cabo búsquedas en cuatro bases de datos de alto impacto. Se concluye que es un tema de interés reciente y actual en la literatura científica. De 11 documentos incluidos, se han hallado 97 indicadores organizados en 17 dimensiones. Sólo en dos de ellos se incluyeron aspectos relacionados con la privacidad y la seguridad. En definitiva, se ha configurado una lista significativa y actualizada que podrá ser la base para construir un marco de evaluación que permita hacer un estudio integral de estas apps, pues muchos de los instrumentos de evaluación no han sido diseñados pensando en la población en general.
Cardiological Findings of Babies Born to Mothers with Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: SEL Kutay , ÇELİK Tolga , ERTUĞRUL İlker , AYKAN Hayrettin Hakan , ÖKTEM Ahmet , AKAL Can , YİĞİT Şule , ALEHAN Dursun , YURDAKÖK Murat , KARAGÖZ Tevfik
Published: May 2023

Objective: Cardiac conduction system is affected and heart blocks can be seen in newborns whose mothers have connective tissue disease, especially with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Anti-SS-A (Ro), anti-SS-B (La) antibodies in the mother's circulation are responsible for this situation. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical features and long-term follow-up results of babies born to mothers with connective tissue disease in our hospital.
Materials and methods: Patients who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2001 and January 2016 due to the diagnosis of SLE, SS or connective tissue disease in their mothers were retrospectively screened, and their demographic and clinical characteristics and electrocardiographic findings were recorded.
Results: A total of 49 babies from 48 mothers were included in the study. Mean age of mothers at birth was 30.8±5.0 years (28-41), mean gestational week of patients was 35.8±2.5 weeks (28-41), mean birth weight was 2614±680 g (730-3810 g). Ten newborns (20.4%) had 3rd degree atrioventricular (AV) block, and 1 baby had 1st degree AV block. Permanent pacemaker was implanted in five patients in the neonatal period, two of these patients died in the neonatal period. A pacemaker was inserted in a patient who was followed up with AV block in the 6th month. One baby who had no cardiac conduction problem died due to reasons related to prematurity. The mean follow-up period of 46 living babies was 4.6±3.1 (1.2-10.75) years, and the follow-up period of the patients with complete AV block and without a pacemaker was 5.6±2 years.
Conclusion: Complete AV block in the neonatal period is a serious cardiac problem that requires rapid intervention. Expectant mothers with known connective tissue disease should be followed in tertiary care centers and the fetus should be followed closely. It is possible for newborns in need to return to their normal lives by inserting pacemakers.
Effects of cold water immersion and protein intake combined recovery after eccentric exercise on exercise performance in elite soccer players
Authors: Kim Hyoung-Won , Joo Chang-Hwa
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the combined re-covery method of cold water immersion (CWI) and protein supplement intake after eccentric exercise that causes muscle fatigue in elite soc-cer players. Eleven semiprofessional soccer players participated in this study. Participants were divided into CWI group, combined protein and CWI group (PCWI), and passive resting group (CON). The participants completed the eccentric exercise for one hour and performed one of three recovery methods. The muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles significantly decreased at 48-hr postexercise com-pared to before exercise in all recovery groups (p<0.05), with no signifi-cantly different between the recovery groups. The time required to sprint 40 m was significantly longer in all groups at 24 hr and 48 hr after exercise than before exercise (p<0.05). The vertical jump height was significantly decreased at 48 hr after exercise compared to before ex-ercise in the CON and CWI groups (p<0.05). The muscle soreness val-ues were higher at 6 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr after exercise than before exer-cise in all groups (p<0.001). The perceived recovery quality was re-duced after exercise in the PCWI (p<0.01) and CON groups (p<0.001) compared to before exercise; it was unchanged in the CWI group. The recovery quality decreased at 6 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr after exercise in all recovery groups (p<0.01). In conclusion, the combined recovery meth-od was less effective than CWI alone for the recovery of exercise per-formance.
Mesothelioma palliative care needs: supporting patients and families with new research-based resources
Authors: Hargreaves Sarah , Gardiner Clare , Tod Angela , Darlison Liz
Published: May 2023

Background:

Mesothelioma is a rare cancer without cure. Clinical guidelines recommend the timely provision of palliative/supportive care; however, a new study identified barriers to achieving this ambition.

Objective:

The study aimed to explore palliative care needs and the role of Mesothelioma Clinical Nurse Specialists (MCNSs); and to develop resources to address study findings.

Methods:

The mixed-methods study included a literature review, focus groups, interviews and surveys.

Results:

The study highlighted the important role of the MCNSs in palliative care and the need to: address disjointed care; improve support for families; and explain the benefits of palliative care for patients/families. A co-production approach developed an animation for patients/families to demystify palliative care and explain the benefits of early-stage engagement; and an infographic targeted at community and primary care professionals. Recommendations for community nursing practice are described.
Consent: what do you need to know?
Authors: Innes-Taylor Dominic , McGuckin Bronagh
Published: May 2023

Dominic Innes-Taylor and Bronagh McGuckin outline the importance of consent within the dental team.

Aim

Understand the importance of consent.

Objectives

Understand the types of consent. Provide guidance on how nurses can assist in the process. Outline the consequences of poor consent.
The human side of management
Authors: Richardson Ben
Published: May 2023

Ben Richardson breaks down the psychology of leadership, and how you can implement it within your own career.
A sense of wellbeing
Authors: Russell Marisa
Published: May 2023

Marisa Russell sets out how Molar Mindset aims to inspire positivity and empower dental nurses.
Subscapularis Lengthening with Synthetic Augmentation for Reversal of Putti-Platt Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Fu Howell , Aboelmagd Tariq , Malhas Amar
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The Putti-Platt procedure is a historical technique for anterior shoulder stabilization, largely abandoned because it severely restricts movement, and causes arthritis and chronic pain. Patients continue to present with these sequelae, which can be difficult to manage. Here, we present the first published subscapularis re-lengthening for the reversal of Putti-Platt. Case Report: Patient: A 47-year-old Caucasian manual worker presented 25 years post-Putti-Platt, with chronic pain and movement restriction. External rotation was 0°, abduction was 60°, and forward flexion was 80°. He was unable to swim and struggled to work. Multiple arthroscopic capsular releases had provided no benefit. Technique: The shoulder was opened through the deltopectoral approach, and a coronal Z-incision lengthening tenotomy was made in subscapularis. The tendon was lengthened by 2 cm and the repair was reinforced using a synthetic cuff augment. Results: External rotation improved to 40°, and abduction and forward flexion to 170°. Pain resolved almost completely; Oxford Shoulder Score at 2-year follow-up was 43 (22 pre-operative). The patient returned to normal activity and reported complete satisfaction. Conclusion: This is the first application of subscapularis lengthening to Putti-Platt reversal. Two-year outcomes were excellent, demonstrating potential for significant benefit. Although presentations like this one are rare, our results support the potential of subscapularis lengthening (with synthetic augmentation) in the management of stiffness resistant to conventional treatment after Putti-Platt procedure. Keywords: Subscapularis lengthening, Putti-Platt, chronic shoulder pain, reversal.
Avascular Necrosis of Patella – A Rare Case Report
Authors: Moharana Siddharth Sekhar , De Indraneel , Panda Siddharth , Jeetendra Chekuri , Rana Rajesh
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of patella is a very rare condition and occurs in very few case. Although underlying etiology is still unknown, some expert suggest that its due to interruption of blood supply to patella which may be due to high velocity trauma or may be due to long term history of steroid intake. Here are the findings of our case AVN patella and reviews of earlier literature. Case Report: We present a case of a AVN patella in a 31-year-old male. The patient presented with pain in knee with stiffness and tenderness at knee followed by decrease range of movement of knee. Magnetic resonance imaging showed irregular cortical outline of patella with degenerative osteophytes-suggestive of osteonecrosis of patella. It was treated conservatively with physiotherapy for range of movement of knee. Conclusion: ORIF with extensive exploration and infection may compromise that the vascularity of patella may lead to AVN of patella. As the disease is non-progressive, it is better to manage such patients conservatively with range of movement brace so as to decrease the chance of complication associated with surgical intervention. Keywords: Avascular necrosis, patella, range of movement, non-progressive, physiotherapy.
Multilevel synergically controlling wavefront correction of a high-power slab laser system
Authors: Xu Yuan-Zhai , Zhang Lin , Shao Chong-Feng , Tan Qin-Wen , Zang Zhi-Gang , Lang Bing-Tian , Chen Zhong-Zheng , Song Yan-Jie , Wang Xiao-Jun , Peng Qin-Jun
Published: May 2023

We present a multilevel synergically controlling wavefront correction method that can apply in a slab laser system. To fully utilize the response frequency and the stroke of actuators of the single deformable mirror (DM), we design a set of multilevel wavefront correction devices to reduce the root-mean square of wavefront aberration before the DM. As the wavefront of slab geometry solid-state lasers mainly consists of fourth and longitudinally distributed aberration, such as 5th, 9th, and 14th orders of Legendre polynomials. We design a precompensating level of the aberration with a slow-drift mirror, fast-steer mirror, one-dimensional adjustable slab-aberration compensator, and beam-shaping system to reduce these orders of wavefront aberration with low spatial resolution and large stroke. As the controlling bandwidth of different devices is diverse, the coupling oscillation between the precompensating level and adaptive optics (AO) level occurs, then we develop the multilevel synergically control to address the coupling. With the precompensating level, the experimental result shows the residual wavefront aberration of the slab laser is compensated well by the AO level effectively within the compensating capability. We clean up a 9.8 kW slab laser system with the beam quality β of far-field focus spots improved from 17.71 to 2.24 times the diffraction limit.
Scattering under the Rayleigh–Debye–Gans condition for transparent glass ceramics
Authors: Whiteman Max , Jackson Stuart D.
Published: May 2023

We reviewed the various theoretical relations that quantify light scattering under the Rayleigh–Debye–Gans (RDG) approximation and applied these relations to calculate scattering within transparent glass ceramics (TGCs) composed of large nanocrystals within a glass matrix. For a more realistic picture of scattering, we included material dispersion of the crystals and glasses across the transparency range of these materials by way of the Sellmeier equation. We first selected a number of crystal–glass sets that are near-index-matched in the visible and near-IR to fulfill one of the RDG criterion. We found that the various forms of scattering under the RDG approximation differ significantly across the visible and near-IR. We also found that the inclusion of material dispersion significantly changes the trends in the calculated scattering cross section across the studied wavelength range. Overall, we found that calculation of the scattering cross section is highly dependent on the chosen theoretical relation and that the inclusion of material dispersion is vital to better understand scattering loss in this new class of optical materials.
Determinants of COVID-19 knowledge and self-action among African women: Evidence from Burkina Faso, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and Nigeria
Authors: Braimah Joseph A. , Kuuire Vincent Z. , Bisung Elijah , Pagra Mildred M. K. , Kansanga Moses M. , Stoner Bradley P.
Published: May 2023

Knowledge of infectious diseases and self-action are vital to disease control and prevention. Yet, little is known about the factors associated with knowledge of and self-action to prevent the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study accomplishes two objectives. Firstly, we examine the determinants of COVID-19 knowledge and preventive knowledge among women in four sub-Saharan African countries (Kenya, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Burkina Faso). Secondly, we explore the factors associated with self-action to prevent COVID-19 infections among these women. Data for the study are from the Performance for Monitoring Action COVID-19 Survey, conducted in June and July 2020 among women aged 15–49. Data were analysed using linear regression technique. The study found high COVID-19 knowledge, preventive knowledge, and self-action among women in these four countries. Additionally, we found that age, marital status, education, location, level of COVID-19 information, knowledge of COVID-19 call centre, receipt of COVID-19 information from authorities, trust in authorities, and trust in social media influence COVID-19 knowledge, preventive knowledge, and self-action. We discuss the policy implications of our findings.
Voxel based morphometry-detected white matter volume loss after multi-modality treatment in high grade glioma patients
Authors: de Groot Jesse D. , van Dijken Bart R. J. , van der Weide Hiska L. , Enting Roelien H. , van der Hoorn Anouk
Published: May 2023

Background

Radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy are components of standard multi-modality treatment of high grade gliomas (HGG) aimed at achieving local tumor control. Treatment is neurotoxic and RT plays an important role in this, inducing damage even distant to the RT target volume.

Purpose

This retrospective longitudinal study evaluated the effect of treatment on white matter and gray matter volume in the tumor-free hemisphere of HGG patients using voxel based morphometry (VBM).

Method

3D T1-weighted MR images of 12 HGG patients at multiple timepoints during standard treatment were analyzed using VBM. Segmentation of white matter and gray matter of the tumor-free hemisphere was performed. Multiple general linear models were used to asses white matter and gray matter volumetric differences between time points. A mean RT dose map was created and compared to the VBM results.

Results

Diffuse loss of white matter volume, mainly throughout the frontal and parietal lobe, was found, grossly overlapping regions that received the highest RT dose. Significant loss of white matter was first noticed after three cycles of chemotherapy and persisted after the completion of standard treatment. No significant loss of white matter volume was observed between pre-RT and the first post-RT follow-up timepoint, indicating a delayed effect.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated diffuse and early-delayed decreases in white matter volume of the tumor-free hemisphere in HGG patients after standard treatment. White matter volume changes occurred mainly throughout the frontal and parietal lobe and grossly overlapped with areas that received the highest RT dose.
Nutritional intake and metabolic parameters of Japanese university students with and without obesity: Sex-specific differences
Authors: Mehta Mausam , Izurieta Ricardo , Nishio Akihiro , Horita Ryo , Yamamoto Mayumi
Published: May 2023

Objective

To establish effective methods of obesity prevention among young adults, we analyzed the relationship between obesity-related food intake and metabolic factors in Japanese university students.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of nutrient intake information and metabolic parameters among 1,206 Gifu University students categorized by body mass index.

Results

The overweight/obesity rate was significantly higher in males. Additionally, among males, the intake of protein, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, all lipids/fats, and all metabolic parameters including blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and blood pressure significantly differed between the obese and non-obese groups. However, the same comparison among females revealed no significant differences in nutrient intake and significant differences in only half of the parameters. Among males, energy intake from protein and fat was significantly higher in the obese group, while the percentage of total energy intake from carbohydrates and fat was lower and higher, respectively, among females in the obese group.

Conclusions

Overeating of protein and fat in males and unbalanced nutrition in females are sex-specific characteristics of Japanese university students with obesity, and metabolic abnormalities in students with obesity are more remarkable in males than in females.
The elements of dramatic treatment and the effectiveness of historical TV drama
Authors: Adway Abdallah
Published: May 2023

This study sought to detect the relationship between the elements of dramatic treatment (i.e. characters, information accuracy, content, location and dramatic structure) and the effectiveness of historical drama in order to learn how dramatic treatment actualizes attraction, understanding and interaction. This study used a quantitative method by collecting quantifiable data, and also used the questionnaire as a data collection tool. The population sampled consisted of West Bank Palestinians, who watched one of the most successful historical TV drama series which was entitled . Subsequently, data were subjected to statistical analysis by SPSS. The researcher used correlation coefficient analysis that examines the relationships between variables in terms of strength and direction. The study found that there were statistically significant positive correlations between dramatic treatment elements and historical drama effectiveness factors, which ranged from medium to strong. There was a strong positive correlation between understanding drama and drama content. There was also a strong positive relationship between attraction and dramatic structure, accuracy and content. Additionally, there was a strong positive correlation between interacting with characters, informational accuracy and content. This study contributes to helping individuals in the field of drama production understand the effective elements of drama. This means that if the producer of historical drama wants to achieve an understanding of the subject, they should have an interest in the content. Furthermore, if they want to attract an audience to the drama, they should ensure interest in the dramatic structure, informational accuracy and the contents. Finally, if they want to achieve audience interaction, they should ensure interest in the characters, informational accuracy and content.
Resenha de Gonçalves, R. T. (tr.) Lucrécio. Sobre a natureza das coisas. (2021)
Authors: Cazarini de Freitas Renata , Tadeu Gonçalves Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

Resenha de Gonçalves, R. T. (tr.) Lucrécio. Sobre a natureza das coisas. (2021)