bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELAÇÕES FAMILIARES NA OBRA A CASA, DE NATÉRCIA CAMPOS
Authors: Silva Luciana Bessa , Câmara Yls Rabelo
Published: February 2025

Ser mulher-escritora e não nascer e/ou frequentar o eixo Sul-Sudeste pressupõe que sua obra fique em segundo lugar no cânone literário brasileiro. Foi isso o que aconteceu com várias beletristas nordestinas, dentre elas destaque para Natércia Campos, que estreou na literatura com uma obra de contos, Iluminuras (1988), prêmio na 4ª Bienal Nestlé de Literatura Brasileira. Em seguida, outras obras e premiações: Camões e Cervantes (1998), Noite das Fogueiras (1998), A Casa (1999) e Caminho das Águas (2001). Único romance da escritora, prêmio Osmundo Pontes, A Casa é uma narrativa em primeira pessoa que narra desde seu nascimento até sua morte, debaixo das águas. A um só tempo, A casa assume a condição de espaço, narradora e personagem, que fala de si e das relações familiares dos moradores que a habitam. Sendo tais relações essenciais para compreender a história de cada um dos que habitaram o espaço da casa, nosso foco se destina a refletir sobre tais relações marcadas por encontros/desencontros; alegrias/tristezas; barulhos/silêncios. Trata-se de um trabalho bibliográfico-descritivo baseado nos seguintes autores: Almeida (1987), Ariès (1987), Soares Neto (2007), Priori (2002), Cavalcante (2007), entre outros. As relações familiares em A Casa são marcadas por feridas e silenciamentos na vã tentativa de “apagar” manchas, ou simplesmente, porque os envolvidos não sabem lidar com situações conflitantes.
NATÉRCIA CAMPOS
Authors: Souza Gisele da Silva , Câmara Yls Rabelo , Dias Laura Lucy
Published: February 2025

Natércia Campos, escritora cearense premiada – apesar de sua relativamente curta carreira literária –, a despeito de seu berço privilegiado, é ainda bastante desconhecida pelo grande público leitor – inclusive no Ceará. Utilizando-se de uma maneira muito própria de narrar, ela imprimiu sua marca indelével em contos, em algumas obras ficcionais com teor viagístico e em um romance: A Casa (1999) – que é o nosso corpus nesta pesquisa básica, qualitativa e exploratória. O levantamento bibliográfico que fizemos teve por intuito responder à pergunta de pesquisa: Por que, com tantas credenciais e méritos, Natércia Campos não é amplamente conhecida por leitoras e leitores Brasil adentro e Brasil afora, como outras conterrâneas e contemporâneas suas? No afã de respondê-la, neste artigo, baseamo-nos em Cavalcante (2012), Lima (2009) e Freire (2022), dentre outras/os pesquisadoras/es. Concluímos que, entre os fatores que levaram ao seu ofuscamento, estão o fato de ela ter sido filha do ilustre escritor Moreira Campos, de haver-se iniciado tardiamente como escritora, de havê-lo feito utilizando-se do fantástico e enaltecendo o Nordeste, uma região subestimada em termos políticos, sociais e econômicos.
ESCRITORAS NORDESTINAS NO MOVIMENTO ABOLICIONISTA BRASILEIRO
Authors: Silva Ana Lúcia Santos , Rodrigues Inara de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Abordamos as experiências de escritoras nordestinas, que tiveram algum envolvimento com o movimento abolicionista no século XIX, principalmente aquelas que discorreram sobre essa temática nos seus escritos literários, veiculados tanto em livros quanto em textos publicados na imprensa da época. Emília Freitas, Francisca Clotilde, Maria Ignez Sabino Pinho Maia, Maria Amélia de Queirós Sodré da Mata e Maria Firmina dos Reis são as escritoras elencadas neste estudo, sendo que esta última recebeu maior destaque, por ter sido uma mulher negra, descendente de mulheres alforriadas. A análise do que foi produzido por essas autoras, bem como de aspectos de suas vidas nos levam a entender melhor a participação das mulheres nos movimentos de abolição, ações essas que foram tantas vezes excluídas e/ou marginalizadas dentro da historiografia oficial. Como principais resultados, apontamos que as experiências de mulheres escritoras não foram exceções no movimento abolicionista, mas sim fruto de uma organização na luta por direitos, inclusive pelo acesso à educação e ainda refletir sobre o processo de apagamento e marginalização de suas atuações.
“NEM SILENCIOSAS, NEM SILENCIADAS” A NARRATIVA LITERÁRIA FEMININA NO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Soares Maria Leticia Ferreira , Alencar Manoel Carlos Fonseca de
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo, nos propomos analisar e compreender a trajetória intelectual e a produção literária da beletrista Maria Firmina dos Reis, bem como perceber e discutir as relações de gênero e as diversas formas de violência presentes no romance Úrsula–seu Magnum Opus –, pensando, sobretudo, como são representadas na narrativa. Publicado em 1859, ele pode ser considerado o primeiro romance de autoria negra feminina do Brasil, além de contemplar outros vanguardismos que demonstramos aqui. A narrativa aborda questões viscerais em um Brasil oitocentista, elitista e construído sobre o genocídio indígena e a escravização de povos africanos. A autora, com essa obra, nos mostra os bastidores da escravidão no Brasil a partir do ponto de vista das/dos escravizadas/os. Esta revisão de literatura apoia-se em teóricas e teóricos como Barros (2010), Candido (2011) e Ferreira (2011). Conclui-se que ler e reler Maria Firmina dos Reis nunca foi tão necessário como nos dias atuais, quando as dores do povo preto seguem muito parecidas à de outrora e com agravantes adicionados. Precisamos debater sobre elas, eliminando-as e quitando as onerosas dívidas históricas que temos para com os descendentes do enorme contingente africano que para o Brasil veio traficado por mais de trezentos anos.
HELONEIDA STUDART
Authors: Santos Enedir Silva
Published: February 2025

A escrita de autoria feminina há tempos vem ocupando espaços que outrora lhe foi negado. Nomes ignorados, desimportantizados e marginalizados como uma estratégia de silenciar as mulheres sobre seus viveres, suas experiências e identidades – dessa forma, contribuindo para o estabelecimento e manutenção dos padrões patriarcais e misóginos em que se baseia a sociedade brasileira. Escritoras como Heloneida Studart ocupam porque não pedem permissão para existir e, existindo, ampliam as discussões acerca dessa sociedade e sua atuação sobre as mulheres. Em seu Selo das despedidas, de 2000, o romance evidencia, a partir das vivências das personagens do clã das Nogueira Alencar, o adestramento ao que as mulheres estão sujeitas e a necessidade de ruptura desse adestramento. Assim, o intuito deste trabalho é evidenciar a relevância da produção dessa importante autora nordestina como voz dissonante, promotora de reflexões essenciais para o público leitor. Este artigo é, portanto, fruto de uma pesquisa básica, de abordagem qualitativa e objetivo exploratório e baseia-se em investigadoras e investigadores basilares para a área como Coelho (2002), Xavier (1991) e Zolin (2021). Esta nossa contribuição para a Academia soma-se às outras que analisam a fortuna crítica de Studart, servindo como objeto denunciante, como o é a escrita studartiana.
Musical echoes of a trauma: Listening to phantasms in the dark fantasy Pan’s Labyrinth (2006)
Authors: Buljancevic Rastko
Published: February 2025

This article examines how music in the film Pan?s Labyrinth [El laberinto del
fauno] conceptually generates opposing phantasms. Reflecting the trauma of
early Francoism, specifically the Spanish Civil War, the soundtrack
oscillates between the disquieting chronological reality and the fascinating
yet terrifying fairytale world. A special space is devoted to the musical
redistribution of the sensible, mirroring the strong affective, aesthetic,
emancipatory, and phantasmatic potential of Foley sounds. Such musical
resistance undermines phallic authority, fostering a phantasmatic conflict
that blurs the boundaries between imaginable and unimaginable reality.
Comparative efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for cardiovascular outcomes in Asian versus White persons: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized trials with and without type 2 diabetes and/or overweight/obesity
Authors: M. Y. Lee Matthew , Ghouri Nazim , Misra Anoop , Mi Kang Yu , K. Rutter Martin , C. Gerstein Hertzel , K. McGuire Darren , Sattar Naveed
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) suggest glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may provide greater cardiovascular (CV) benefits in Asians compared to Whites.

PURPOSE

Compare CV efficacy of GLP-1RAs in Asians versus Whites.

DATA SOURCES

Systematic review of PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov (January 1, 2015-November 1, 2024). PROSPERO: CRD42024493010.

STUDY SELECTION

Randomized placebo-controlled CVOTs of GLP-1RAs. Risk of bias was assessed (RoB 2).

DATA EXTRACTION

Ethnicity-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

DATA SYNTHESIS

Random-effects meta-analyses per PRISMA guidelines included eight trials (5,909 Asians, 55,855 Whites). GLP-1RA-associated MACE HR was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.83) in Asians and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.91) in Whites (pinteraction=0.045). Absolute MACE risk reduction was 2.9% (95% CI: 1.5, 4.2) in Asians versus 1.4% (0.9, 1.9) in Whites.

LIMITATIONS

Lack of individual patient-level data precluded detailed sub-classification of the Asian group.

CONCLUSIONS

GLP-1RAs may offer greater MACE reductions in Asians compared to Whites.
CD40 INDUCES UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE, UPREGULATION OF VEGF AND VASCULAR LEAKAGE IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Vos Sarah , C. Portillo Jose-Andres , Hubal Alyssa , Bapputty Reena , Pfaff Amelia , Aaron Rachel , Weng Matthew , Sun Da , Lu Zheng-Rong , Yu Jin-Sang , S. Subauste Carlos
Published: February 2025

The unfolded protein response (UPR) drives events that promote diabetic retinopathy including VEGF upregulation in Müller cells. How UPR is activated in vivo in the diabetic retina is not well understood. CD40 is required for development of diabetic retinopathy but whether CD40 mediates activation of UPR sensors is unknown. CD40 ligation in Müller cells caused phospholipase Cg1 (PLCg1)-dependent activation of UPR sensors (PERK, IRE1a and ATF6a), and VEGF production dependent on PLCg1 and UPR sensors. Diabetic Cd40-/- mice did not exhibit UPR activation and VEGF upregulation in the retina. These responses were restored in diabetic Cd40-/- mice rescued to express WT CD40 in Müller cells but not in mice rescued to express a CD40 mutant unable to recruit TRAF2,3. Intravitreal administration of a cell-permeable CD40-TRAF2,3 disrupting peptide reduced UPR activation, VEGF upregulation and vascular leakage in diabetic mice. CD40 and TRAF2 in Müller cells from patients with diabetic retinopathy co-localized with activated UPR sensors and VEGF. Our studies indicate that CD40 (via TRAF2,3 signaling) is an inducer of UPR activation that triggers VEGF production in Müller cells. This work uncovered inhibition of CD40-TRAF2,3 signaling as a potential approach to impair UPR activation, VEGF upregulation and vascular leakage in diabetic retinopathy.
Experiences With Shared Reading for Promoting Reading Engagement in a Swedish Upper-Secondary School
Authors: Ohlsson Anders , Gustafsson Anna W. , Malmström Martin
Published: February 2025

This article considers students’ and teachers’ perceptions of shared reading (SR) in promoting reading engagement. It provides a thematic analysis of focus groups with students and teachers at a Swedish upper-secondary school who participated in an intervention consisting of SR sessions. The findings are triangulated with a student pre-intervention questionnaire that included reading habits.
The study is theoretically informed by research about aspects of the multidimensional concept of reading engagement, by aesthetic theories about interpretation’s interrelation with presence and by psychological theories of joint attention and its effects on social cohesion, reflective reasoning and perspective-taking.
The students’ and teachers’ descriptions of their SR experiences show that they conceive of SR as a reading practice that may promote reading engagement. Reading engagement is found to have several dimensions, ranging from the behavioural and cognitive to the social and affective, which in turn are intertwined and reinforce one another.
Long-Term Environmental Stability of Hybrid Organic Matrix Composite Driveshafts and their Non-Corrosion Resistant Steel Interface
Authors:   , Jarrett William
Published: February 2025

In the aerospace industry, the drive towards more efficient gas turbine engines has led to the exploration of hybrid material systems, blending the resilience of metals with the composite lightness. Organic Matrix Composites are pivotal in this regard, offering weight reductions over traditional all-metal components. Integrating these composites into engine designs, however, and particularly in regions experiencing variable hygrothermal conditions, introduces complex challenges associated with material degradation, especially at the interfaces where dissimilar materials meet. Corrosion at these interfaces, catalysed by moisture ingress and fluctuating temperatures, poses a significant threat to the structural integrity and operational efficiency of engine components. The interface between the organic composite and metal fixings is particularly vulnerable, as the differing material properties can lead to stress concentrations, accelerated wear, and eventual mechanical failure under operational loads. This degradation process is exacerbated in the cooler, humid sections of the engine where condensation is more prevalent, creating ideal conditions for corrosive processes to initiate and propagate. This thesis investigates the specific mechanisms of failure associated with these hybrid driveshafts and develops testing methods to quantify the effects of corrosion on the interface. Utilising sinusoidal and microsplined driveshaft samples provided by Rolls Royce plc, this study aims to compare the interfacial resilience across different shaft designs under similar operational conditions. Recognising the slow nature of environmental degradation under normal conditions, the study employs accelerated moisture uptake and thermal/pressure testing to simulate extended operational life within a condensed timeframe. These accelerated tests aim to mimic harsh conditions, providing vital insights into the long- term durability and reliability of the hybrid material systems. By examining distilled and saltwater uptake into the driveshaft composite, the research shows how different environmental conditions influence corrosion pathways to the interface. Furthermore, thermal testing under elevated pressures is conducted to replicate potential end-of-life scenarios, revealing significant microcracking and delamination at the composite interfaces. These findings lay a crucial foundation for enhancing the lifecycle management of composite driveshafts, with implications for designing more robust and durable hybrid material systems for future aerospace applications.
Conservation Challenges for Endangered Mammals: Research Gaps and Collaboration Needs Based on Stakeholder Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Novriyanti  , Buchori Damayanti , Masy'ud Burhanuddin , Soekmadi Rinekso
Published: February 2025

The global focus on endangered mammals highlights urgent, effective conservation strategies addressing habitat destruction, land-use changes, poaching, agricultural expansion, and encroachment. This study aims to identify research gaps in stakeholder engagement, map research trends and assess leading contributors of endangered mammal conservation, and explore opportunities for international collaboration for biodiversity conservation. This study was done using bibliometric analysis of 716 initial documents that were further selected to 85 publications based on PRISMA guidelines in R-Studio tools. This review highlights the fact that there is a limited focus on stakeholder engagement within mammal conservation research. Countries with high biodiversity, such as Indonesia, Mexico, and Brazil, contribute less to the scientific literature than high-income countries. This imbalance suggests the need for equitable research funding and expanded collaboration. Strengthening partnerships with research-intensive countries could increase publication output and knowledge sharing. Furthermore, regional cooperation with other original countries with similarly endangered species, like Malaysia and Thailand, is essential for improving research quality and optimizing resource exchange. The findings further highlight the importance of sustainable conservation practices and stakeholder engagement in effectively fostering the protection of endangered mammal species.
Keywords: conservation governance, endangered species, research partnership, stakeholder engagement, systematic literature review
Book review: Žižek and the others. Ideology in a post-ideological age
Authors: Lietava Ľuboš
Published: February 2025

Takáč, P.: Žižek a tí druhí. Ideológia v postideologickej dobe [Žižek and the Others. Ideology in a Post-Ideological Age]. Bratislava: Horská lucerna, 2023. 114 s. ISBN 978-80-9744-056-5.
Pattern of Students’ (Akhlak) Character Building through Student Organization Activity: A Study of Nature Lover Student (MAPALA) in Islamic University
Authors: Oviyanti Fitri , Rochmiyatun Siti , Fauzi Muhamad , Bujuri Dian Andesta
Published: February 2025

This research aims to reveal good practices in (akhlak) character building pattern through the activities of the Student Organization for Nature Lover (MAPALA) at an Islamic University in Palembang, South Sumatra. This research uses a qualitative case study type method. Research data was obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. There were 14 informants involved in this research. They are Vice Chancellor 3 for student affairs, Deputy Dean 3 (MAPALA coordinator), Chair of MAPALA, Deputy Chair of MAPALA, alumni (seniors) of MAPALA, 6 student members of MAPALA, and 3 lecturers. Research data was analyzed using an interactive model of three techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that the development of student character through the first extracurricular activities of the Student Activity Unit (UKM) for Nature Lovers Student (MAPALA), cognitive development activities, which include public discussions, up-greading, seminars, wildlife crime investigation training, and get-to-know interviews. Medan. Second, affective coaching activities, which include Capital Care Fundraising, Mosque Cleaning, Tiger Day Commemoration, and recital. Third, psychomotor development activities, which include Camping, Mountain Expeditions, Adventure with MAPALA, Young Member Adventures, Exercise and Rock Climbing. These activities have a positive impact on developing student character. Through these activities, students are taught to be religious, honest, communicative, environmentally conscious, socially caring and love nature.
Analysis of the Implementation of National Education Standards by Principals of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri
Authors: Fakhri Jamal , Yetri Yetri , Saputra Muhammad Indra , Hasanah Uswatun , Sugiharta Iip
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the competencies of Madrasah Principals in implementing the National Education Standards (NES at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) in Bandar Lampung. The study adopts a qualitative approach using data collection methods such as interviews, documentation, observations, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The research focuses on assessing the principals' competency in managing the eight components of the SNP, including Graduate Competency Standards, Content Standards, Process Standards, and Assessment Standards. The findings reveal that MAN 1 has fully complied with the SNP criteria for the majority of the standards, with the principal’s competency categorized as "highly competent." Meanwhile, MAN 2 is approaching compliance, with competency levels rated as "competent" in most standards. The study identifies key areas for improvement, particularly in the management of infrastructure and financial standards, and recommends targeted strategies for enhancing principal competencies. Overall, effective leadership and strategic management by madrasah principals are critical for improving the quality of education and ensuring that madrasahs meet national education standards.
Enhancing Institutional Reputation and Student Excellence: The Management of Superior Class Programs in Islamic Education
Authors: Sada Heru Juabdin , Anzanni Aulia Adhitiya , Mustofa Muhammad
Published: February 2025

This study explores the management of the superior class program at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 (MIN 1) West Lampung, focusing on its role in enhancing student achievement and institutional reputation. The program integrates Islamic values with modern educational practices, structured around four key management components: planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document reviews, with a triangulation method ensuring reliability. The findings highlight the program's significant achievements in both academic and non-academic domains, including improved Qur'anic memorization, competitive successes, and strengthened community trust. The management framework emphasizes strategic planning aligned with institutional goals, resource allocation, innovative teaching methods, and rigorous evaluation involving parents and supervisors. The study concludes that the superior class program effectively enhances the institution’s image while providing a holistic education that nurtures students’ cognitive, spiritual, and social development. This study contributes to the discourse on Islamic education by demonstrating the potential of integrating traditional values with modern management practices. The insights gained offer a model for other institutions to adopt similar initiatives, ensuring their relevance and competitiveness in a contemporary educational landscape.
Geneticheskij polimorfizm oblasti processinga r105/r50 NF-kB1 pri tuberkuleze legkih
Authors: Мейер А. В. , Тхоренко Б. А. , Имекина Д. О. , Дутченко А. П. , Пьянзова Т. В. , Карабчуков К. Б. , Лавряшина М. Б.
Published: February 2025

Tuberkulez legkih (TB) — social'no znachimoe zabolevanie, obshchemirovaya problema zdravoohraneniya. NF-kB-signal'nyj put' vovlechen v differencial'nuyu ekspressiyu genov, zadejstvovannyh v immunnyh reakciyah i reguliruyushchih vospalenie v otvet na inficirovanie. Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo izuchit' associacii s TB allel'nyh variantov gena NFKB1 po paneli SNP (rs4648050, rs4648051, rs4648055, rs4648058, rs4648068, rs1609993), lokalizovannyh v zone processinga NF-kB1 r105→r50. Total'nuyu DNK vydelyali iz obrazcov krovi (metod fenol-hloroformnoj ekstrakcii) pacientov, bol'nyh TB (n = 93), i gruppy populyacionnogo kontrolya (n = 96) zhitelej Kemerovskoj oblasti. Genotipirovanie provodili metodom PCR v rezhime real'nogo vremeni, obrabotku rezul'tatov — s ispol'zovaniem resursov programm Statictica, SNPStats, Arlequin. Prodemonstrirovany etnicheskie osobennosti (p < 0,05) russkogo naseleniya Sibiri (gruppa populyacionnogo kontrolya) po chastotam allelej rs4648050 i rs4648051. Otmecheno otlichie (p < 0,05) geneticheskogo profilya vyborki pacientov s tuberkulezom legkih ot obshchemirovoj i evropejskoj populyacij po vsemu kompleksu SNP, za isklyucheniem rs1609993. Pokazano razlichie (p < 0,05) allel'nyh chastot rs4648068 mezhdu vyborkoj populyacionnogo kontrolya i pacientov s tuberkulezom legkih. Ustanovlena associaciya s podverzhennost'yu tuberkulezu legkih dlya genotipov AA*rs4648055 (OR = 2,51; p = 0,05) i GG*rs4648068 (OR = 2,16; p = 0,03). Poluchennye rezul'taty kosvenno svidetel'stvuyut o modificiruyushchem vliyanii SNP, lokalizovannyh v zone processinga, v gene NFKB1 i ego vozmozhnom vklade v balans belkov NF-kB1 r105/r50 i immunnyj otvet na mikobakterial'nuyu infekciyu.
Optic nerve ultrasonic evaluation in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Fomina S.V. , Samoylova Yu.G. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Kudlay D.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,   National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Moscow, Russia, Koshmeleva M.V. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Kachanov D.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Trifonova Ye.I. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Zorkaltsev M.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Yun V.E. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia, Gasparyan A.O. ,   Siberian State Medical University (SSMU), Tomsk, Russia
Published: February 2025

Changes in the optic nerve lead to decreased vision with a risk of complete loss in up to 20% of cases. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is a key cause for the development of diabetic retinopathy and optic neuropathy. Insufficient attention is paid to the diagnosis of the optic nerve in children and adolescents, which leads to the development of pronounced structural changes and loss of time for reversible changes. Ultrasound is a safe, accessible method for assessing the optic nerve. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of the optic nerve in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with healthy individuals in childhood and adolescence depending on the anthropometric, laboratory data and the duration of the disease. Methods used: there was a single-center, prospective cohort study performed that involved 223 children aged 7 to 18 y/o (113 boys/110 girls), of which 173 had type 1 diabetes mellitus (92 boys/81 girls) and 50 represented the control group (21 boys/29 girls). All of the children had undergone the ophthalmological examination with the assessment of the fundus. Ultrasonic examination of the eyeball and orbit included the assessment of the anterior and posterior sections of the eyeball, optic nerve using B-mode and Doppler modes. Results: an increase in the thickness of the optic nerves with involvement of the membranes (р<0,05) in the groups “7 to 12 y/o” and “13 to 17 y/o” and without involvement of the membranes (р<0,05) in the group “13 to 17 y/o” were revealed in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in comparison with healthy children. Correlation analysis did not determine any significant connection between ultrasonic characteristics of the optic nerves and age, weight, height, lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin level (p<0.05). Conclusion: ultrasonic method allows characterization of the optic nerve, assessment of its structure and the condition of the membranes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Russia twenty-first century challenges: how do we increase the frequency and the duration of breastfeeding?
Authors:   Academician B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Scientific Surgery Center of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Belyaeva I.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Bombardirova E.P. ,   Academician B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Scientific Surgery Center of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Namazova-Baranova L.S. ,   Academician B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Scientific Surgery Center of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Volodin N.N. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

Authors present an analysis of the prevalence of the best type of infant nutrition, breastfeeding, both Worldwide and in Russia. In spite of over 40 years of implementation of breastfeeding support measures developed by the WHO/UNICEF, the provision of infants with breastfeeding remains unsatisfactory in many countries of the World including Russia. Authors outline possible reasons for this situation, substantiate promising strategies for increasing the effectiveness of measures aimed at increasing the frequency and the duration of infant breastfeeding and propose a few specific directions for increasing the effectiveness of breastfeeding support strategies for further discussion by the medical community opinion leaders, decision-makers.
The Problem of Verification of Scientific Data (Ethical Issues)
Authors:   Volga Region Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Igonin Gleb S.
Published: February 2025

The aim of this article is to provide a philosophical analysis of ethical problems in the current situation of the problem of effective verification of scientific data. As a field of research, it is proposed to comprehend the trends of digital opportunities of the modern world, aspects of bio- and cyber-ethics formulated by the demands of today. The modern world faces new challenges related to the development of information technologies and their impact on scientific research. One of the key problems becomes the need to ensure the validity and reliability of scientific data in the context of the growing volume of information and its accessibility. In this context, ethical issues are emphasized, as data verification processes are becoming increasingly complex and require consideration of moral and ethical aspects. The article concludes with conclusions about the nature of emerging trends and ways of solving ethical problems on the example of application of artificial intelligence technologies in the space of modern science and education.
Phenomenon of Monasticism in the Religious World of Russia in the Second Half of the XIX and Early XX Centuries
Authors:   Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Gryaznova Elena V. , Verin Denis N. ,   Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2025

Many phenomena of Russian religious culture are studied quite actively by the entire spectrum of social and humanitarian knowledge. However, there are still some of them that have yet to be solved. One of them can rightfully be called the problems of studying the phenomenon of “monasticism”. Monkhood, women who took a vow of celibacy and lived in the villages of pre-revolutionary Russia, as a special phenomenon in religious life, still do not find significant reflection in religious literature. The article provides an overview of information about monkhood that performed special religious and educational functions mainly in pre-revolutionary Russia, when the phenomenon was widespread, and in Soviet times, when religious phenomena acquired special functions in an atheistic state, adapting to the circumstances and needs of the religious world. The authors conclude that monasticism marked the beginning of the formation of such a social institution in Russia as the women's ministry of the church. Today, this phenomenon continues to evolve at at the modern civilizational level, where the status of women in the ecclesiastical realm acquires new meaning and becomes one of the crucial pathways for the spiritual revival of Russia.
The Role of Social Synergy in the Modern World Cognition
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Nenasheva Marina V. , Makulin Artem V. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Terebikhin Nikolai M. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Demyashina Vera V. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov,   Ministry of Education and Science of the Murmansk Region
Published: February 2025

This article delves into the concept of social synergetics, within which the general principles of the development of human-centered systems are examined. The relevance of addressing social synergetics is underscored by the increasing number of new challenges that plunge individuals and the global community as a whole into a state of uncertainty regarding not only the distant future but also the immediate one. The work conducts a philosophical analysis of social synergetics, delineating its subject matter, methodology, and its role in the cognition of social processes. It is shown that synergetic reveals patterns of self-organization and evolution of complex systems, as well as the behavior of elements within these systems under the influence of internal and external factors. Characterizing the conditions and ways of generating order out of chaos, synergetics is considered as one of the methodologies for understanding social reality and developing ways of sustainable development of society in the face of global challenges.
Cultural Analysis of the Phenomenon of Video Game Creative Techniques as a Component of Cognitive Activities
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Ruzanov Ilias V. , Bakulov Viktor D. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: February 2025

The presented study aims to determine the potential for using creative techniques in cognitive activities, which are preliminarily tested and implemented through video game experiences. In the context of examining these techniques, the authors investigate the creative act, delineating its components (goal-setting, super-task, motivation, procedure) and the conditions for its realization (the manifestation of freedom experienced during gameplay sessions). The article traces how video games provide subjects with a flexible perception of new worlds, influenced by the nature of virtual content emergence. Within the realm of video game experiences, the authors identify the resource potential of factors related to the sensory-emotional spectrum, in-game motivation, and a sense of involvement. The findings of the study conclude that modern video games can be utilized as a qualitatively new form of activity aimed at fostering creative thinking among individuals and applying it within cognitive endeavors.
Moral Devaluation of Social Norms as a Concept of Modern Philosophy of Nihilism
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Firsova Anna M. , Kochetkova Elena A. ,   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: February 2025

The article presents a philosophical-anthropological analysis of socio-ethical issues in the current situation of moral devaluation of societal and ethical norms. It examines the philosophical-ethical content of the concept of “devaluation” as a projection of modern interpretations of nihilism onto ethics, identifying the mechanisms and role models of its implementation in the context of one of the anthropological crises of modern society. As a field for research, it is proposed to understand the tendencies of launching the implementation of the mechanism of the concept of “devaluation” in the social and personal space of an individual as a subject of a moral norm. Conclusions are drawn about the nature of emerging trends, including the conviction in the moral and ethical degradation of contemporaries and the rejection of acknowledging the objectivity of the cognitive process. The article investigates the causes of philosophical-anthropological problems through examples of role models of subjects who implement the mechanism of the “devaluation” concept in society and in the communication of individuals.
EFFICIENCY OF MICROORGANISM IN YARDLONG BEAN (Vigna sesquipedalis (L.) Fruw.) PRODUCTION IN NORTHERN THAILAND
Authors: Dechjirarattanasiri Chatprawee , Inthasan Jiraporn
Published: February 2025

Biofertilizer is one of the substances that consist of living microorganismssuch as bacterial, actinomyces and fungi. These could be helped plants increasing essential elements and encourage growth. Rhizobium are a type of bacteria that conformation a symbiotic relationship with legume plant. This bacteria not only fix nitrogen but also are involved in increasing nutrient availability and regulating plant growth hormones. Mycorrhiza fungi are help plant by enhancing absorption and increasing uptake of nutrients. These beneficial of rhizobium and mycorrhiza bring this study to chose for checking the influence of yardlong bean production in Chiangmai, Thailand from June to November 2022. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments 4 replications as followed treatment 1) the control (without biofertilizer), treatment 2) rhizobium (R), treatment 3) mycorrhiza (M), and treatment 4) rhizobium + mycorrhiza (R + M) was laid out in this experiment. The data indicated that combining between rhizobium and mycorrhiza caused the highest average weight per pod (23.1 g) and pod length (53.4 cm), yardlong bean quality as well as vitamin C, total Chlorophyll and total dietary fiber at 20.2 mg 100g-1, 0.20 μg g-1 and 2.7 mg 100g-1 respectively. This biofertilizer management methods provided the higher nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium iron and zinc contents of bean comparing with control treatment. Remarkably, mixed rhizobium and mycorrhiza elevated the highest yield of yardlong bean (369 kg ha-1)
Intercultural communication in the methodology of teaching Polish to Ukrainians: an experimental approach
Authors: Biławicz Maria
Published: February 2025

W artykule badane są problemy komunikacji międzykulturowej w trakcie procesu uczenia się języka polskiego przez Ukraińców. Ankieta przeprowadzona ze studentami z Ukrainy na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim wykazała trudności wynikające z różnic kulturowych między obydwoma językami. Najtrudniejsze dla ukraińskich studentów okazały się polskie jednostki językowe (tzw. kulturemy), które są ściśle związane ze specyfiką polskiego obrazu świata, historią narodową i tradycjami.
Advancements in Offensive Language Detection: A Comprehensive Review and Experimental Analysis
Authors: Nalini C. , Shanthakumari R. , Maria Y. Agashia , Janarthanan T. , Manibharathi M.
Published: February 2025

The proliferation of offensive language in digital communication has become a significant challenge in the internet era, prompting the urgent need for advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques for its identification and mitigation. With a particular focus on NLP techniques, machine learning, deep learning, and transformer models, this study presents a thorough review of the shifting landscape of offensive language identification from the years 2020 through 2023. The datasets utilized in prior research have been scrutinized, specifically those of Dravidian languages such as Tamil, Malayalam, etc. Preprocessing techniques encompass a range of data cleansing and word embedding methodologies, including TF-IDF and Word2Vec, which are employed to train and optimize the model. We reviewed past work to compare the standard supervised learning models like Support Vector Machine and Naive Bayes to emergent transformer models like BERT, identifying the superior approach that would improve a model’s accuracy and effectiveness.
Journalistic Translation. Lessons Taught and Learned on Ever-Shifting Grounds
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Badenes Guillermo
Published: February 2025

Today more than ever, journalistic translation has become a necessity all over the world, in every language. Globalization, the intertwined economic fabric, reduced U. S. relevance in world matters, new players, and emerging economies and associations, among others, have made the translation of news imperative. The world needs journalistic translation to keep up with the times. To a large extent, journalism and translation have long shared the same cloak of invisibility of their makers’ attempts to veil their subjective positioning. What happens when the veil is gone? This article discusses our experience in teaching journalistic translation at Universidad de Córdoba, Argentina: our best practices; the strategies that have contributed to our adaptation to changing times, and an ad hoc methodology for our students. Additionally, it will focus on our pedagogic ideas on genre, textual analysis, translation techniques, and translation-as-product development: Our lessons learned, and our lessons taught.
Language Teaching: Implementation of the Ideas of Intermediality in the Context of Digitalization of Educational Process
Authors:   Bryansk State University named after Academician I.G.Petrovsky, Sleptsova L. , Klimenko M. ,   Bryansk State University named after Academician I.G.Petrovsky
Published: February 2025

This research is devoted to the consideration of the principles of intermediality as the basis for the organization of lan­guage education in university teaching practice. The purpose of the study is to systematize the existing approaches to understanding the phenomenon of intermediality, to identify the po­tential for its practical implementation. The use of general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization made it possible to formulate some practice-oriented conclusions defining intermediality as a driving force of innovative educational practices. The implementation of the ideas of intermediality is multi-purpose: it contributes to intellectual and cultural development, creative potential, improvement of speaking and writing skills in a foreign language, development of critical thinking, etc. The results of the research are revealed in the descrip­tion of the local experience of implementing the ideas of inter­mediality while delivering the course “English Speech Practice” in I.G.Petrovsky Bryansk State University.
Evaluation of Micronutrients in the Soil and Leaves of Theobroma Cacao
Authors: Daniel Maria Andreza Silva , Monteiro Débora Bernardes Mouzinho , Lobato Elaine Maria Silva Guedes , Rodrigues Alessandra Epifanio , Oliveira Aneska Silva de , Pamplona Vanessa Mayara Souza , Daniel Rossini , Vanessa Izabelle Pereira Andrade
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability of micronutrients and soil acidity at different depths and to check the levels of these nutrients in leaves of Theobroma cacao grown in SAF (Agroforestry System) and in full sun, in order to understand the effects of micronutrients and soil acidity on cacao growing.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is based on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, which seeks to promote sustainable agriculture, and SDG 15, to promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems.
 
Method: Soil samples were taken from three depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) at the Esperança farm in Paragominas, Pará. The soil's physical and chemical characteristics were analyzed. For leaf sampling, the position of the leaf on the plant and freedom from any damage was taken into account. The statistical design used was entirely randomized (DIC), in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme. When significant differences were found, comparisons of means were made using the Tukey test at 5% probability.
 
Results and Discussion: The shaded management area presented better boron levels in the soil, which suggests direct interference from the plant. The other micronutrients were not affected by the types of management or depths analyzed. The leaf analyses showed normality for all the micronutrients and elements used to check soil acidity.
 
Research Implications: This research provides practical information on the management of micronutrients in cocoa cultivation, which enables extension to increase productivity in the Northern Region of Brazil.
 
Originality/Value: This study provided important information on agroforestry management in cocoa, with emphasis on its productivity based on its micronutrient levels.
Upgrading SME’s Marketing Performance: Adaptive, Innovative Capability, and Isolating Mechanism
Authors: Riptiono Sulis , Sulis Riptiono
Published: February 2025

Business competition requires companies always to behave adaptively, but not all adaptations carried out by companies can improve performance. Because of that, this research aims to examine the role of adaptive capability, isolating mechanism product advantage, and product innovation capability on marketing performance in a research model. This research was conducted using a sample of 271 owners of Batik Tulis business in Barlingmascakeb, Central Java. Sampling was done using a purposive sampling technique, and the research method used was SEM-AMOS. The research results show that adaptive capability, isolating mechanism product advantage, and product innovation capability have proven to improve marketing performance in Batik Tulis SMEs. However, the relationship between adaptive capability cannot be proven to influence product innovation capability. Adaptive capability also plays a key role in improving marketing performance because it has the most significant influence compared to other variables used in this research.
Gram-negative bacilli from the Enterobacteriaceae family. β-Lactamases with extended substrate spectrum (ESBL) – characteristics, selected molecular aspects of antibiotic resistance, diagnostics – short literature review
Authors: Likus Paulina , Magdalena Greczek-Stachura  , Anna Macieja
Published: February 2025

The Enterobacteriaceae family includes various types of Gram-negative bacteria.  Microorganisms treated with antibiotics modify “resistance mechanisms”. An example is selected bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family, strains of which can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). β-lactamases are enzymes that can hydrolyse penicillins, cephalosporins (including third- and fourth-generation, C3G and C4G) and aztreonam, resulting in the development of infection, and fewer therapeutic options. Diagnosis is impeded by the presence of different phenotypes of ESBL resistance to β-lactamases. It leads to detailed substrate preferences of specific ESBL types, designated inhibitor sensitivity, and degree of enzymatic activity and expression, providing the basis for several identification steps. A single mutation in the active site of the enzyme led to the formation of known ESBLs (TEM-1, TEM-2 and SHV-1). Newer enzymes (CTX-M) are derived from cephalosporinases produced by certain plant bacterial strains (e.g. Kluyvera ascorbata), which are then inserted into mobile genetic elements. To date, more than 350 different ESBL enzymes have been identified.
Assessment of the value of grasslands in Olszówka (Mszana Dolna Commune, Southern Poland)
Authors: Traczyk Monika , Kucab Anna
Published: February 2025

The botanical composition of meadows and pastures and their value in use should determine the activities undertaken on grasslands in order to maximise their yields. The aim of the study was to analyse the floristic composition of meadows and pastures in the area of Olszówka village (Southern Poland), their characteristics and determination of the value in use and agricultural suitability. In the meadows and pastures, 50 plots, each with an area of 25 m2, were marked out and floristic lists were made on them according to the Klapp method. In the analysed area, the presence of five groups of similar plots was determined: I – pasture with Lolium perenne, II – meadow with Dactylis glomerata, III – meadow/pasture with Phleum pratense and Poa pratensis, IV – meadow with Arrhenatherum elatius, V – weeded meadow/pasture with Plantago lanceolata. Usage studies have shown that most of the plots have medium and good forage values. In order to improve the quality of meadows and pastures, undesirable species should be limited and appropriately selected care treatments should be intensified.