bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actitudes hacia las lenguas indígenas por estudiantes en León, Guanajuato, México
Authors: Canuto Castillo Felipe
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se analizan las actitudes de estudiantes de bachillerato y licenciatura hacia los idiomas en general y los indomexicanos en particular para conocer la percepción de este sector de la población en torno al tema. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se aplicó un cuestionario a 83 jóvenes, de ambos sexos, que acudían a la Biblioteca Pública Estatal. El análisis de los datos lingüísticos se centró en las unidades de información en relación con las valoraciones hacia los idiomas indígenas y las situaciones sociales que comunicaban las respuestas. Los resultados que se obtuvieron muestran que, probablemente, debido a la “sensibilización” que reciben en la escuela acerca de la diversidad cultural, estos jóvenes se muestran favorables hacia las lenguas indígenas, pero sus deseos de aprender alguna de ellas se desvanecía cuando se confrontaban con sus intereses.
Il commento linguistico come tradizione discorsiva nella stampa periodica di metà Settecento
Authors: Merida Raphael
Published: December 2020

La pratica del commento linguistico all’interno della stampa periodica comincia a diffondersi prevalentemente nell’Ottocento. Gli articoli di cronaca, le recensioni bibliografiche o le semplici novità, però, offrono uno spunto di riflessione linguistica già all’interno di molti periodici della metà del Settecento. In particolare, polemiche o apologie rivolte al conservatorismo dell’Accademia della Crusca, l’innovazione del lessico specialistico tramite nuove traduzioni di opere straniere e gli influssi dei francesismi nel lessico italiano, permettono ai compilatori delle varie riviste letterarie e delle gazzette di discutere, talvolta ampiamente, dei problemi linguistici dell’epoca. La ricerca quindi si propone di individuare una prima forma di commento linguistico all’interno di alcuni periodici a stampa di metà Settecento.
Sur quelques principes d’argumentation néolibérale dans l’enseignement du français en Acadie
Authors: Vernet Samuel
Published: December 2020

Cet article propose quelques réflexions sur l’influence d’un cadre idéologique néolibéral sur l’enseignement du français en Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick, région francophone minoritaire du Canada. Il s’appuie sur une enquête ethnographique menée en 2013-2014 au sein des cours de français à l’Université de Moncton. Après avoir présenté le terrain, la méthodologie d’analyse critique et problématisé la situation des cours de français universitaires, le texte s’arrête sur la notion de néolibéralisme et analyse le corpus en fonction de deux de ses figures types majeures : l’individu-entrepreneur et l’individu-manager.
(Trans-) grense, talighede, boeken bloedrefleksies
Authors: Liebenberg Ian
Published: December 2020

This contribution surveys recent works on the Border War /Angolan War (1960–1990). It contrasts writings by political theorists, media analysts and literary scholars with works written by soldiers who fought in the war and recollections by embedded journalists. The article’s main focus is on Gary Baines and Peter Vale’s collection of essays entitled Beyond the Border War: New Perspectives on Southern Africa’s Late Cold War Conflicts (Unisa Press, 2008).
Innovative infrastructure as a driver of regional development
Authors: Tronina Irina A. , Tatenko Galina I. , Grekova Alina E.
Published: December 2020

Importance. Innovation infrastructure is a special area of activity that provides support functions for the innovative development of the region. According to the concept of formation of innovation systems at the national and regional levels, innovation infrastructure should include two complex elements: “infrastructure of diffusion of innovations” and “innovative infrastructure of society”. Moreover, the first element pays serious attention not only to the spread of innovations, but also to cooperation and partnership of participants in the innovation process in the region. The second element, respectively, reflects the General conditions for the development of innovative potential for economic entities. A serious support function from the innovative infrastructure can become a driver of innovative development of the territory, a mechanism for the formation of an up-to-date innovative culture in the innovative environment of the region.Objectives. Study of issues of creating and maintaining elements of innovative infrastructure to solve the problem of innovative development of the region based on the existing theoretical and methodological background and practical experience.Methods. In the process of studying the issues of functioning and development of innovation infrastructure in Russian theory and practice, General scientific methods of knowledge, statistical research methods, as well as principles and methods of the system approach were used.Results. The article considers aspects of building a regional economy of an innovative type, tools and institutions that ensure the continuity of the innovation process. The analysis of the existing Russian experience in the formation of innovative infrastructure confirms the importance of the mechanism for supporting innovative projects. It is proved that innovative infrastructure is the driver of innovative development in the region. in this regard, the prospects for stimulating innovation and expanding network interaction are particularly important.Conclusions and Relevance. The regional economy of the innovation type implies an active transition to the knowledge economy, open innovation models, and a four-link spiral, which requires the formation of an integrated system for converting new knowledge into new technologies, products, and services in the regions. It is the regions that should become the activator of innovation at the national level. Therefore, to strengthen the regional aspect of innovative development, it is necessary to create favourable conditions provided with innovative infrastructure. Only by taking into account the tasks of developing the required level of innovation infrastructure can we talk about achieving the goals of implementing the innovation policy and innovation strategy of the region. The problem of coordinating the interests of participants in the innovation process, including through mechanisms for creating and maintaining elements of the innovation infrastructure, remains a complex issue.
Emperor Nicholas I Orenburg Women’s Institute in the Second Half of the 19th—Early 20th Century
Authors: Varavva Margarita
Published: December 2020

Reformation of female education in Russia in the mid‑19th century led, among other things, to further evolution of closed class-specific women’s institutes of the boarding school type that provided secondary, religious, and secular education of girls. Historical documents and archival sources are used in this article to describe the organization and content of learning in Emperor Nicholas I Orenburg Women’s Institute, the largest institution of secondary female education in the vast Orenburg Governorate at the end of the 19th century. Institute education had a considerable social value for girls from civil and military middle-class families in the cities and remote suburbs of Orenburg Governorate in that it allowed them not only to acquire general knowledge but also to develop teaching skills that they could use to make a living. Evidence is provided that, given the local settings, Emperor Nicholas I Orenburg Women’s Institute matched most of the criteria of the institute education model typical of pre-revolutionary Russia, which transformed in response to society’s demands concerning female education. Discontinuous interest, insufficient elaboration of the problem, and historical oblivion of valuable local history materials dictated the need to crane out a body of archival sources and reconstruct the process of creating a unique educational phenomenon, which Emperor Nicholas I Orenburg Women’s Institute came to be.
Kocaeli’ndeki Osmanlı Dönemi Taş Köprüler
Authors: ATAK Erkan , ACIOĞLU Yusuf
Published: December 2020

Kocaeli bölgesi stratejik konumuyla ilk çağlardan itibaren ana yol güzergâhlarının en önemli duraklarından birisi olmuştur. Bölgedeki yollar Bithynia Krallığı, Roma İmparatorluğu, Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti ve Doğu Roma (Bizans) dönemlerinde çok fazla değişikliğe uğramamıştır. Bu sürekliliğin ana etmeni Kocaeli’nin Avrupa ile Asya’yı bağlayan ana alterin üzerinde yer almasıdır. Osmanlı döneminde ise orduların, tacirlerin veyahut hacca gidenlerin bu yolları kullanmaya devam ettikleri görülmektedir. Söz konusu güzergâhın tamamlayıcı unsurlarından olan köprüler bu amaçlara hizmet etmek adına dere, nehir gibi su kaynaklarının üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Bu köprülerin çoğunluğunu ahşap köprüler oluşturmaktadır. Üsküdar-Gebze, Gebze-İzmit, İzmit-Sapanca ve İzmit-Gölcük arasında çok sayıda ahşap köprünün yer aldığı ve bu köprülerin kimi zaman vuku bulan su taşkınları neticesinde harap oldukları bölgeye yolu düşmüş gezginlerin verdikleri bilgiler arasındadır. Osmanlı döneminde kâgir olarak inşa edilmiş köprülerden ise beş tanesi günümüze ulaşmıştır. 16.-19. yüzyıllar arasında inşa edilen bu köprüler gerek konumları gerekse anıtsal mimarileri itibariyle oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir.
O evento da Covid-19 e seus impactos sobre o setor turismo: em busca de uma análise multi e trans-escalar
Authors: Da Cruz Rita de Cássia Ariza
Published: December 2020

Os impactos da pandemia da Covid 19 sobre o setor turismo são profundos e extensos e, sob uma perspectiva socioespacial, devem ser analisados considerando-se as distintas escalas geográficas envolvidas assim como as inter-relações entre elas. A análise contida neste artigo parte da escala mundo, buscando correlações entre esta e a escala da nação-Estado (Smith, 1988), assumindo o Brasil como um caso particular. Além disso, a escala local compõe este percurso analítico, contribuindo para revelar a multi e trans-escalaridade referidas no título acima. Aspectos econômicos compõem o espectro central a partir do qual busca-se revelar as dimensões social e espacial implícitas aos processos em curso.
ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR AMERICANA
Authors: Lima Daniel Meira Nóbrega de , Holanda Maurus Marques de Almeida
Published: December 2020

A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo protozoário do gênero Leishmania. Surtos dessa doença são desencadeados pela combinação de fatores biológicos, climáticos e sociais. O desequilíbrio de habitats naturais tem contribuído para o surgimento de novos focos de transmissão da LTA e para a modificação dos padrões epidemiológicos. Os padrões epidemiológicos da LTA, no Nordeste do Brasil, precisam ser melhores descritos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana, no Nordeste, no período de 2007 a 2018. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de caráter descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado através dos registros do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), e dos dados demográficos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). A partir de 77.030 fichas de notificação, observou-se que a maior parte dos casos ocorreu entre pessoas do sexo masculino (62,9%), de cor de pele parda (70,2%), de baixa escolaridade (86,5%) e faixa etária dos 20-59 anos (56,2%). A maior parte dos casos que evoluíram para cura (94,5%) era não-recidivantes (95,4%), autóctones do município de residência (92,7%), de forma clínica cutânea (96,6%) e foram diagnosticados a partir de exames laboratoriais (68,6%). As capitais corresponderam a apenas 1,303% das notificações e os estados da Bahia e Maranhão são responsáveis por 78,536% das fichas de notificação. De 2007 a 2018 houve redução de 39,6% na taxa de incidência de LTA na região Nordeste. A taxa de incidência média dos últimos anos foi de 11,65 casos por 100.000 habitantes.
INFECÇÃO POR COVID-19 DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO: AVALIAÇÃO DAS MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS E DESFECHO GESTACIONAL
Authors: Crispim Maria eduarda Serafim , Frade Alice Cabral , De Vasconcellos Camila Araújo , Ferreira Neto Jose Raimundo , De Brito Marina Brandão Ramalho
Published: December 2020

A pandemia do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) e sua doença respiratória (COVID-19) logo tornaram-se uma ameaça global. Por tratar-se de uma nova doença, a busca por evidências que indiquem a avaliação e o manejo adequados, principalmente para os grupos de risco, torna-se imprescindível. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva elucidar e analisar os conhecimentos atuais sobre o impacto da contaminação pelo vírus durante a gestação para seu devido enfrentamento. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática que teve como princípio norteador a análise das manifestações clínicas e complicações ocorridas nas gestantes infectadas por SARS-CoV-2. Para tal, foram utilizados os descritores: “Pregnancy” AND “Coronavirus”, através das bases MEDLINE e SciELO. A partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram selecionadas 15 produções. As manifestações mais comuns foram similares às das mulheres não-gestantes: febre, fadiga, dispneia, mialgia e tosse. Entre divergências, notou-se a ocorrência de agravamentos, como a pré-eclâmpsia. Apesar dessas contradições na literatura e limitações quantitativas das amostras, as complicações gestacionais mais relatadas foram sofrimento fetal, ruptura prematura de membranas, partos prematuros e até mesmo morte fetal. Todavia, achados de transmissão vertical não foram observados. Apesar de significativo aumento na realização de cesáreas, as escolhas devem ser individualizadas, uma vez que a infecção por COVID-19 não é isoladamente indicativo de intervenção cirúrgica. Pontua-se que a maioria dos estudos são provenientes de regiões bem distintas cultural e demograficamente, mas o conhecimento e análise da literatura são essenciais para entendimento da doença e delineamento das condutas adequadas.
INTERFAITH CONFRONTATION IN MODERN UKRAINE: FORMS OF MANIFESTATION AND WAYS OF COUNTERACTION
Authors: Kahamlyk Svitlana
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to clarify the essence of the main forms of inter-confessional confrontation in Ukraine among Christian churches and to find ways to counteract them in order to religiously and nationally consolidate Ukrainian society. Conflictogenic factors influencing the interfaith confrontation in modern Ukraine have been identified. There are two main groups of interfaith conflicts, each of which has special forms of interfaith confrontation and different phases of their severity: conflicts between Orthodoxy and other denominations; conflicts in the Orthodox environment.
It is substantiated that with the restoration of the Ukrainian Churches during the rise of Ukrainian independence in the 90s of the twentieth century. interfaith relations have become more acute, which is associated with both the split of Ukrainian Orthodoxy and the actualization of the long-standing conflict between Orthodoxy and the revived Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The reasons for the confrontation in the Orthodox environment were conflicts of corporate interests between individual Orthodox church institutions, different views of each of them on the principles of the unification process and a radically opposite understanding of canonicity. The formation of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine, although integrating the interests of the two Orthodox denominations (UOC KP and UAOC), at the same time did not eliminate inter-confessional contradictions with the UOC within the Moscow Patriarchate.
It is concluded that the realities of Ukrainian church life encourage an active search for ways to counteract interfaith confrontation, a key aspect of which should be the establishment of a new format of socio-religious communication in the coordinates "Church-Church", "Church-State", "Church-Society". In a practical sense, effective means of its implementation can be: interfaith dialogue, building the Orthodox Church of Ukraine, countering Russian ideological aggression, strengthening the role of the media in overcoming religious threats.
Los "Caractères de Botanique" de Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Authors: Calderón Quindós Fernando
Published: December 2020

El siglo XVIII fue pródigo en la elaboración de teorías sobre el origen del lenguaje. También en la fabricación de nomenclaturas científicas. Nuestra propuesta trata de poner en valor la contribución de Jean-Jaques Rousseau en el terreno del lenguaje botánico. El filósofo de Ginebra creó un sistema de transcripción universal basado en la fabricación de ideogramas de libre ideación, hasta un total aproximado de 1.000 caracteres. Ordenados en varias listas conservadas hoy en la Biblioteca Pública de Neuchâtel, esos caracteres apenas han merecido la atención de los estudiosos.
Estrategias de adaptación de los saberes científicos en "Principios de botánica en cartas a una Señora"
Authors: Łuczak Barbara
Published: December 2020

"Principios de botánica en cartas a una Señora" es un curso elemental de botánica que apareció en el "Semanario de Agricultura y Artes dirigido a los Párrocos" en el año 1802. Dirigido formalmente a un destinatario femenino, fue basado en la primera parte del tratado "Descripción de las plantas" de Antonio José Cavanilles (1802). En el artículo nos planteamos examinar las modificaciones que el redactor introdujo al contenido del curso a la hora de adaptarlo al lector no especializado. También comentamos la relación que existe entre los "Principios de botánica en cartas a una Señora " y las "Cartas elementales sobre botánica" de Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
De Montoya a Restivo. Apuntes para un estudio sistemático de los vocabularios castellano-guaraní en el Paraguay jesuítico (1640-1722)
Authors: Brignon Thomas
Published: December 2020

A pesar de su interés para la filología hispano-amerindia, los "Vocabularios" castellano-guaraní de Antonio Ruiz de Montoya (1640) y Pablo Restivo (1722) no se han estudiado de manera sistemática. Constituyen sin embargo testimonios privilegiados de la política lingüística del Paraguay jesuítico. Cotejando ambos diccionarios en clave diacrónica, ofrecemos un análisis a la vez cuantitativo y cualitativo de su contenido, mediante una base de datos relacional y un enfoque conceptual inspirado en la lingüística misionera. Se privilegia el examen de tres fenómenos lexicográficos emblemáticos del siglo XVIII: el progresivo reconocimiento de la autoridad oral y letrada de los locutores indígenas, la creciente hispanización del léxico asociado a la ganadería y la persistencia de taxonomías y ontologías animistas.
Novedad e interés de la aportación de Feijoo a la ética profesional
Authors: Urzainqui Inmaculada
Published: December 2020

Desde el importante libro que Gregorio Marañón consagró al estudio monográfico de las ideas biológicas de Feijoo, han sido muchos los trabajos que se han dedicado a analizar aspectos concretos de su pensamiento. El objetivo del presente, que toma como punto de partida la relevancia actual de la ética aplicada al campo de las profesiones, es analizar sus propuestas sobre las exigencias éticas de cuatro profesiones de gran repercusión social -- médicos, periodistas, juristas y hombres de letras -- mostrando su novedad e interés tanto en el plano de las ideas, por su inequívoco sesgo ilustrado, como en el de la historia y configuración de esa disciplina.
La intervención federal en los Estados Unidos de América
Authors: Simón Yarza Fernando
Published: December 2020

Aunque no existe en los Estados Unidos una cláusula similar a nuestro art. 155 o al art. 37 de la Ley Fundamental de Bonn, la intervención federal ha encontrado una fuente de legitimidad tanto en la Constitución de los Estados Unidos como en las leyes que la desarrollan. No obstante, el alcance de las normas referentes a la intervención federal solo puede comprenderse desde las narrativas que las sitúan y las dotan de sentido. El propósito de este trabajo es, precisamente, hacer un recorrido histórico por la regulación y la aplicación de la intervención federal en Estados Unidos, desde la aprobación de la Constitución hasta nuestros días. Como podrá verse, la coerción federal en momentos críticos ha sido decisiva para el desarrollo de una auténtica identidad nacional americana.
Consideraciones en torno al origen y evolución de la intervención federal en Argentina, Brasil y México
Authors: Corzo Sosa Edgar
Published: December 2020

La intervención federal lleva más de doscientos años de existencia desde su aparición en la Constitución norteamericana de 1787, la que ha tenido una clara influencia en su recepción en las constituciones de los países federales de Latinoamérica. Durante ese tiempo, en Argentina, Brasil y México se ha hecho uso y abuso de la institución, y ha trascendido de su vocación natural para procurar la unión en el interior de un Estado federal a cuestiones marcadamente de contienda política o que constituyen problemas de gobernabilidad, como puede ser una crisis económica, la seguridad pública cuestionada por la delincuencia organizada o bien la salud pública en riesgo. Los aspectos comunes en la regulación en cada país se analizan para tener elementos con los cuales se pueda buscar el mejor funcionamiento de la institución dentro de los sistemas federales y, también, se analice cuál podría ser su devenir.
Solving Juvenile Delinquency with Death Education Model
Authors: Rahmatullah Azam Syukur , Azhar Muhammad
Published: December 2020

This study discusses how to deal with juvenile delinquency in students in different ways, namely in a more spiritual way, rich in self-affection and mental enlightenment. The purpose of implementing this death education model is to bring naughty students to change for the better. The research subjects were troublesome students at SMK N 1 Mataram. In this case, 10 students followed this death education technique. This research was an applied research using the Research Development (RD) method. This study resulted in findings of the motivation for implementing death education, applying the death education model, and the death education model's advantages. There were weaknesses in the death education model. They are: (a) not all BK and PAI teachers can bring their students to a mental and spiritual phase, (b) it takes a lot of time because at least one week per phase, and there is no counseling phase (c) it cannot be applied to students below the SMK level.
IDB Group Selected Development Contributions 2016-2019
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: December 2020

This infographic shows selected IDB Group's contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reported through the Group's Corporate Results Framework between 2016 and 2019.
EL PRINCIPIO DE BALANCE: UN ENFOQUE AMBIENTAL DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE POLITICA PRIMARIA Y SECUNDARIA DE LA CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA
Authors: Romero Molina Cesar Augusto , Monterroza Luis Adrian Gómez
Published: December 2020

En este artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación sobre la reconstrucción teórica y conceptual del principio de balance en la contratación pública, específicamente en lo que respecta al enfoque medioambiental de los objetivos de política primaria y secundaria propios del referido principio, exponiendo la perspectiva OCDE y el contexto de los estándares de buena praxis medioambiental para la contratación pública, los cuales, han permitido la formulación de una serie de estándares para la aplicación, por lo menos teórica, del principio de balance contractual enfocado en criterios ambientalmente sostenibles. El estudio realizado permitió definir un estándar de Estándar de buenas prácticas con base al balance de los objetivos primarios y secundarios de la contratación del sector público, teniendo en cuenta la coherencia que los que debe guardarse en factores como: el criterio ambiental de selección de contratistas, la inclusión de pliegos tipo y cláusulas modelo amigables con el medio ambiente, las prohibiciones para contratar con personas inmersas en malas prácticas y delitos ambientales, las facultades y potestades unilaterales (exorbitantes) de la administración en materia de contratación para prevenir riesgos y mitigar impactos medio ambientales y la implementación de modelos de cumplimiento normativo en materia de contratación medioambiental.
LA UTILIZACIÓN DE INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN LA ACTIVIDAD REGULATORIA: UNA PROPUESTA EN FAVOR DEL DESARROLLO NACIONAL SOSTENIBLE
Authors: Gallo Aponte William Ivan , Lima López Valle Vivian Cristina , Fácio Rafaella Natály
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la función regulatoria a partir de la perspectiva del desarrollo nacional sostenible, entrelazando la noción de calidad regulatoria o “Smart regulation”, y sus instrumentos, específicamente el Análisis de Impacto Regulatorio (AIR) realizado con el apoyo de inteligencia artificial (IA). La metodología adoptada fue deductiva, descriptiva y comparativa, conjugada con la técnica de investigación de documentación indirecta de las referencias bibliográficas y normativas. Al final, se concluye que la utilización de inteligencia artificial en el ámbito del Análisis de Impacto Regulatorio es viable y deseable para incrementar las mejoras regulatorias y contribuir para el desarrollo nacional sostenible, considerando la compatibilidad entre ambas y su aptitud para proporcionar una decisión regulatoria más técnica y efectiva. Tal práctica, entre tanto, debe ser efectiva de acuerdo con los presupuestos de dos órdenes: (1) en primer lugar, en relación a la extensión de la posibilidad de utilización de inteligencia artificial en sustitución al agente público, en ese sentido se debe alertar y hacer seguimiento a la posibilidad de que la IA sustituya la decisión del agente público; (2) en segundo lugar, con relación al modo de implementación de la inteligencia artificial, (2.1) se debe dar publicidad a la secuencia de los pasos lógicos. De la decisión algorítmica; (2.2) se debe observar las disposiciones de la Ley General de Protección de Datos, especialmente en lo que atañe al tratamiento de datos personales por el Poder Público.
Public Health at the Public Library: Preventive Health Programs Implemented in Large Public Libraries
Authors: Patil Uday AJ
Published: December 2020

Amid the opioid epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic, the public sector is consumed with health promotion and disease prevention. Preventive programs serve a significant purpose in ensuring population health and reducing burden on the healthcare system (Cohen et al., 2008; Neumann & Cohen, 2009). People are increasingly turning to educational resources outside of the traditional healthcare sector to ward off diseases or alleviate pre-existing conditions (Eakin et al., 1980; Eng et al., 1998). Public library systems often carry such resources, in print and multimedia form, at no cost. Some libraries are providing health programming to supplement, contextualize, or incentivize the use of such resources (Murray, 2008; National Network of Libraries of Medicine, 2014). This study examines preventive health programming offered in the largest public library systems nationwide.
An empirical analysis of terrorism impact on public debt: A dynamic heterogeneous panel approach
Authors: Jaidane-Mazigh Lamia , Khefacha Islem , Chamakh Aymen
Published: December 2020

The increase in the frequency of terrorist attacks and the availability of data has enhanced the interest of economists in analysing this phenomenon and studying its impact on the economy. Besides the loss of lives, terrorism can seriously strain public finance. Indeed, these events promote the increase of national security expenditures which leads either to the reallocation of public resources with a fall in productive investment or to an increase in the sovereign debt. Furthermore, terrorist attacks affect financial markets and lead risk premium escalation, thus increasing government borrowing cost. This paper tries to examine the causal relationship between terrorism and public debt for 19 developed and developing economies, frequently affected by terrorism attacks, for the period of 2002â€“2017. Due to the presence of cross-sectional dependence in the panel, we employ the Pesaranâ€™s Cross-sectionally augmented Im-Pesaran-Shin test to ascertain unit root properties. The Westerlund cointegration test indicates the presence of a long-run association between terrorism and public debt estimated through the augmented mean group method. We show that an increase in the Global Terrorism Index can impact public debt more in MENA than in Western countries.

Keywords: Terrorism, public debt, cross-section dependence, heterogeneity panel cointegration.
COVID-19 Induced Transition from Classroom to Online Mid Semester: Case Study on Faculty and Students’ Preferences and Opinions
Authors: Roy Sudipta , Covelli Bonnie
Published: December 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate faculty and students’ reactions to the COVID-19 emergency move to online classes. The goal was to better inform instructional strategies to be used in similar circumstances and to inform best practices in online pedagogy. Method: Online surveys were administered to students and faculty near the end of the semester to evaluate different aspects of the transition. Classes included in the study were scheduled as full-semester, on-campus classes but made an emergency switch to online post-spring break, after eight weeks. Results: Students’ and faculty’s comfort levels at the time of the switch depended on the amount of prior experience they had in online teaching and learning. Individual students and faculty experienced varying degrees of ease of adjustment to the switch in format from in-class to online. Faculty had to adapt quickly to determine the best way to replicate the in-class experience. Many faculty would depend on familiarity with technology and creativity with its usage. To varying degrees, comfort level improved as the semester progressed for both faculty and students. Still, a majority of students expressed less interest than before in taking online classes. Conclusions: The level of preparedness of faculty and students determined the outcome of this natural experiment. The adjustment was easier for those with prior experience with the online format and/or for those who felt comfortable with the format. Implication for Practice: As faculty and students prepare to return to the classroom, consideration can be given to best practices in online pedagogy to support students and faculty. Our findings point to the need for institutional preparedness for unforeseen circumstances.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Perilaku Prososial Siswa Kelas VIII di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Bongkudai
Authors: Rumondor Prasetio , Mamonto Syamsul Bahri , Suryani Octri Amelia
Published: December 2020

Dalam interaksi sosial masyarakat Timur lebih mementingkan kebersamaan yang harmonis dan didasari dengan kasih sayang. Karenanya seringkali masyarakat melakukan penilaian terhadap orang lain dan menyimpulkan karakteristik kepribadiannya. Oleh karena itu, perilaku prososial mencakup segala bentuk tindakan yang menguntungkan dan dilakukan untuk menolong orang lain, tanpa memperdulikan motif-motif penolong. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Persepsi Masyarakat Bongkudai Terhadap Perilaku Prososial Siswa Kelas VIII Di MTs Negeri Bongkudai. Artikel ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hal ini dikarenakan data yang dikumpulkan adalah data yang di telaah secara sistematis mengenai fakta-fakta dan sifat populasi atau penelitian yang langsung dilakukan di lapangan (field research) sehingga peneliti mampu melihat bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap perilaku prososial siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat Bongkudai berdasarkan pengalaman dan kedekatan mereka dengan siswa yang ada. Dimana mereka melihat siswa di MTs Negeri Bongkudai terutama kelas VIII memiliki perilaku prososial namun harus selalu diarahkan serta diberikan motivasi agar perilaku mereka menjadi sebuah perilaku yang baik. Terutama pada Aspek berbagi, menolong, jujur, dermawan, kerjasama. Kelima perilaku ini masih mempunyai kekurangan. Oleh karena itu masyarakat, guru dan orang tua perlu saling berkoordinasi dalam rangka meningkatkan perilaku prososial siswa.(In social interaction, the East community emphasizes harmonious togetherness and is based on compassion. Therefore, people often make judgments about other people and infer their personality characteristics. Therefore, prosocial behavior includes all forms of action that are beneficial and done to help others, regardless of the motives of the helper. This article aims to describe the Perceptions of the Bongkudai Society against the Prosocial Behavior of Class VIII Students in MTs Negeri Bongkudai. This article uses a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This is because the data collected is data that is systematically examined about the facts and nature of the population or direct research conducted in the field (field research) so that researchers are able to see how people's perceptions of student prosocial behavior. The results showed that the perception of the Bongkudai community was based on their experience and closeness with existing students. Where they see students in MTs Negeri Bongkudai especially in class VIII have prosocial behavior but must always be directed and motivated so that their behavior becomes a good behavior. Especially in aspects of sharing, helping, honest, generous, cooperation. These five behaviors still have flaws. Therefore the community, teachers, and parents need to coordinate with each other in order to improve students' prosocial behavior).
BRICOLAGENS KHAÓTICA, MEMÓRIA SOCIAL E ENGAJAMENTOS EM SR. CLANDESTINO
Authors: Gargione Denisson Beretta , Graeff Lucas
Published: December 2020

Este ensaio propõe reflexões e ideias sobre o processo de criação do espetáculo Sr. Clandestino, da companhia Khaos Cênica. Nele, a dramaturgia foi produzida concomitantemente com o espetáculo com vistas a promover a mobilização e a participação do público na criação da peça. Em outras palavras, as proposições da encenação nas relações entre o artista e o público ditaram o espetáculo e as alterações necessárias ao texto, não o contrário. Para dar conta conceitualmente desse processo, foram trabalhados os conceitos de memória social, bricolagem e engajamento. Como conclusão, (re)afirma-se a importância da partilha do sensível e de espaços e tempos de mediações para a criação dramatúrgica e performática.
Dynamics of Russians’ Health Status in 2003–2018: The Relationship Between Objective and Subjective Characteristics
Authors: Karavay Anastasiya
Published: December 2020

The article uses data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) from 2003–2018 to analyze the dynamics of the health status of Russians, determined through subjective and objective characteristics. It is shown that, regardless of the chosen indicator, relatively few Russians currently have a good health, and the proportion of people without diagnosed diseases and those who assess their health as good does not differ much. Analysis of the dynamics of various health characteristics has shown that against the background of a decrease in the share of Russians without diagnosed health problems, the number of people with positive self-assessments of their health has increased. However, this growth appeared in the period of 2003–2013, and then stopped. Results of the multinomial regression model demonstrate that having diagnosed diseases leads to a downward bias in self-assessments of individual’s health, the degree of which depends on the nature of the disease. However, the complete absence of such diseases does not mean that an individual evaluates his health as good, since several socioeconomic and demographic factors, including psycho-emotional state, also have a significant impact on this self-assessment of health. The article also shows that objective and subjective health characteristics are associated with the self-care practices, which, although they have become somewhat more popular in the period of 2003–2018, still are used only by a minority of Russians, even among young people.
Social Diagnostics of the Housing Renovation Program
Authors: Merzlykov Andrey
Published: December 2020

The article presents the socio-diagnostic study results of the Moscow districts residents assessment of the housing renovation program implementation. Relations groups to the city program were identified, which can be divided into supporters, critics and hesitants. The predominance of neutral assessments is dictated by the fact that the program is only at the initial stage of its implementation, Muscovites are still finding it difficult to assess the progress of its implementation. Social expectations and concerns about the program were analyzed. It is noted that unreasonable fears and fears dominate the public consciousness. The reason for their creation is the low level of awareness of the residents of the districts both about the program itself and about the stages and activities for its implementation. The analysis of information channels for obtaining significant information shows a very high level of confidence of residents in sources organized by the authorities and the responsible executor (Renovation Fund), but dissatisfaction with the quality and completeness of the information provided makes residents of the districts cautious about assessing its implementation. The average level of readiness of residents to interact with the authorities to discuss planning projects and socially significant problems has been revealed, which in the future can increase significantly in cases of gross violation or failure to fully fulfill the promises and guarantees announced by the authorities. Possible strategies for the conduct of the population in asserting their civil rights are identified: complaints and appeals to the authorities; individual protest activity, organization of work of initiative groups and passive position. The results of the study were presented to the Customer – Renovation Fund and can be used in organizing sociological support for large-scale socially significant projects
Subjects of Agricultural Production in the Socio-Structural Processes of the Russian Village
Authors: Mukhanova Maria
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the subjects of agricultural production, agricultural organizations, agricultural Holdings, peasant farms, personal part-time farms and their participation in the sociostructural processes of the Russian village. Dynamics of changes in the agricultural labor market, based on data from several large-scale studies of Rosstat (2011–2018), covering all regions of Russia. Results of individual interviews of the rural population and surveys of their households, as well as the Results of the 2016 agricultural census. they show the specificity of the moment of the rural world, when institutional transformations caused by agrarian reforms and modernization of agriculture radically changed social, labor practices and everyday life of the villagers. For a quarter of a century, the socioeconomic situation and status of the majority of villagers has changed qualitatively. The decrease in the level of rural employment in agriculture and growth in non-agricultural sectors of the agriculture industry led to structural mobility (move), which had transformed the social structure of the village and the formation of the informal sector, with its own internal structure, constituting one-third of all employees. These processes have led to an increase in migration of the working-age population, which has led to a decrease in the quality of human capital and the prospects for its reproduction in rural areas.
Factors of emotional burnout in the educational activities of high school students
Authors: Ilyukhin Alexander G.
Published: December 2020

The work explores the factors of the development of emotional burnout in the educational activities of high school students (15–17 years old) and their resulting effect on success in it. Emotional burnout is a complex structure that includes three main components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization (cynicism), a sense of its own inadequacy and inefficiency. Researchers note the important role of emotional burnout in the appearance of negative symptoms of schoolchildren, which doesn't only lead to a deterioration in academic performance, but also in personal psychological problems. As a result of our study of burnout factors in educational activities, senior schoolchildren established a significant influence of both external (school life, social environment: family and peers) and internal (self-assessment of their appearance and estimated anxiety) factors. We established a complex connection between the components of burnout and the success of educational activities, expressed in the direct experience of their own inconsistency and inefficiency in school as the basis for reducing academic performance. We made conclusions about the possible reasons for the appearance of such relationships and about the possibility of studying this phenomenon in line with the development of the competent paradigm of education in Russia.
Probing students' higher order thinking skills using pictorial style questions
Authors: Habiddin Habiddin , Page Elizabeth Mary
Published: December 2020

The ability to use Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) plays a substantial role in determining students’ success in future studies. Therefore, it is important that students’ ability in this skill is continually refined by training and assessment. This paper explores the responses of first-year university students’ to a range of pictorial-style questions in chemical kinetics that require the use of HOTS. 80 food science and 57 chemistry students (137 in total) at The University of Reading (UoR) participated in the study. The results showed that many students demonstrated limited ability to answer HOTS questions. The implications for the teaching of chemical kinetics, particularly at the university level, are discussed.
Transición, transformación y latencia : las diferentes vidas del conjunto “Torres Vermelhas” = Transition, transformation and latency: the consecutive lives of the “Torres Vermelhas” complex
Authors: Noormahomed Patricia
Published: December 2020

Resumen En Maputo (Mozambique) numerosos programas de vivienda colectiva fueron desarrollados durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX siguiendo los principios del Movimiento Moderno y con­stituyéndose como columna vertebral de su actual paisaje urbano. En este contexto, el conjunto Torres Vermelhas destaca como caso paradigmático al quedar su construcción interrumpida por los acontecimientos que motivaron la independencia del país en 1975. Un cambio político que vino acompañado de un complejo proceso de resignificación cultural y funcional.  El presente artículo pretende explorar la vida arquitectónica de este conjunto en sus diferentes temporalidades mediante el estudio del potencial de sus innovadores mecanismos de adaptación y transformación. Se busca aquí, participar en la construcción de una historia alternativa al canon eurocéntrico a través de una metodología de proyecto disciplinar que considera los procesos de identidad y de reapropiación social como fundamentales para la comprensión y valoración crítica de este legado como patrimonio cultural.AbstractIn Maputo (Mozambique), a large number of collective housing programs were develo­ped during the second half of the twentieth century following the principles of the Modern Movement. This architectural production represents a significant part of the city’s current backbone where the Torres Vermelhas complex stands out as a paradigmatic case, as its construction was interrupted by the events that led to the country’s independence in 1975. A political change that was accompanied by a complex process of cultural and functional resignification.  Within this framework, this article seeks to explore the architectural life of these buil­dings in their different temporalities by studying the potential of their adaptation and trans­formation mechanisms. The aim, thus, is to participate in the construction of an alternative to the Eurocentric canon through a disciplinary project methodology that considers the pro­cesses of identity and social re-appropriation as fundamental to the critical evaluation of this legacy as cultural heritage.
UMA NOVA HUMANIDADE: O HORIZONTE MESSIÂNICO DE JESUS DE NAZARÉ NO EVANGELHO DE MATEUS
Authors: Vitorio Jaldemir
Published: December 2020

A epígrafe do Evangelho de Mateus baliza sua catequese. Propõe-se a escrever o “livro da origem de Jesus Cristo” (Mt 1,1), narrar Jesus em sua condição messiânica. Sua identidade vai sendo descrita ao longo da narração, desde a genealogia até o envio dos apóstolos pelo Ressuscitado. O presente texto tem o escopo de verificar o horizonte da ação messiânica de Jesus, ou seja, os objetivos visados. Servindo-se das intuições do método da análise narrativa, a catequese mateana será revisitada, na tentativa de sistematizar os elementos que permitem captar a pretensão do Messias Jesus, no sentido de fazer germinar a nova humanidade, querida pelo Pai dos Céus. E, afinal, esboçar, em grandes linhas, o rosto dessa nova humanidade, expressão do Reinado de Deus e parâmetro para o agir dos discípulos e das discípulas de Jesus de Nazaré, de todos os tempos.
“FAÇA-SE NA TERRA UM PEDAÇO DO CÉU”: PERSPECTIVAS MESSIÂNICAS NA PARTICIPAÇÃO DOS PENTECOSTAIS NA POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Rocha Daniel
Published: December 2020

Este artigo analisa as relações entre crenças escatológicas e práticas políticas no pentecostalismo brasileiro e procura demonstrar a presença de elementos messiânicos nos discursos das lideranças pentecostais brasileiras. O texto tem como ponto de partida um encontro entre onze líderes pentecostais brasileiros com o presidente da república, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, em 05 de junho de 2020. O evento foi noticiado pela mídia e transmitido ao vivo. Analisamos, ao longo do texto, diversas falas e orações realizadas naquele evento e procuramos demonstrar como elas transmitiam uma autoconsciência messiânica daqueles líderes pentecostais. No desenvolvimento do texto, procuramos apresentar as transformações ocorridas nas relações entre crenças escatológicas e práticas políticas no pentecostalismo brasileiro e como tais transformações devem ser compreendidas à luz dos fatores teológicos, políticos e sociais que afetaram os pentecostais no Brasil.
EL VATICANO II AL SERVICIO DE LA INTERCULTURALIDAD Y DE UN GIRO DECOLONIAL? UN PROYECTO INTERCONTINENTAL EN DESARROLLO
Authors: Schickendantz Carlos
Published: December 2020

Se encuentra en desarrollo un proyecto internacional conformado por grupos de investigación en los cinco continentes en torno al Vaticano II y sus procesos de recepción que culminará con la publicación de doce volúmenes. En debates recientes emergen cuestiones caracterizadas por las categorías de subalternidad, colonialidad, decolonialidad, geopolítica del conocimiento que suscita la pregunta acerca del significado de poner en el centro de un proyecto intercontinental al Vaticano II. En esta contribución se presta atención a la objeción que proviene de estas perspectivas y a las interpretaciones del Concilio que favorecen su lectura en clave de interculturalidad. Se ofrecen, también, consideraciones sobre el significado del Vaticano II en el marco del proceso continental de estas décadas que manifiestan una gran sintonía con varias de las demandas explicitadas en los planteos provenientes del llamado giro decolonial. El Concilio pertenece al discurso liberador y emancipador en América Latina y el Caribe.