bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PARA O CULTIVO DE CORPOS FORTES E SAUDÁVEIS: O FOOT BALL E A MODELAÇÃO DE CORPOS NO COLÉGIO DIOCESANO PIO X – JOÃO PESSOA - PARAÍBA (1910-1954)
Authors: Santos Alexandro dos
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como o foot ball esteve presente no programa de Educação Física e foi utilizado como instrumento modelador de corpos no Colégio Diocesano Pio X, no período de 1910 a 1954. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental qualitativa, privilegiando os discursos médicos e pedagógicos que circularam nas páginas de jornais e revistas produzidos na Paraíba, durante o recorte proposto pela pesquisa. Como aporte teórico-metodológico, fiz uso das contribuições de Michel Foucault através do conceito de Poder Disciplinar, a fim de refletir sobre a construção do projeto de educação do corpo do Colégio. Assim, dialogo com os campos da História da Saúde, Educação e Corpo, para lançar luz sobre esses objetos de estudo. Como conclusão, destaco que o foot ball e a Educação Física foram responsáveis por colocar em prática um projeto de educação que atuava sobre o corpo dos jovens, modelando-o, disciplinando-o, adestrando-o, medicalizando-o e pedagoziando-o.
Host blood meal identity modifies vector gene expression and competency
Authors: Ring Kacie , Couper Lisa , Sapiro Anne , Yarza Fauna , Yang Frank , Clay Keith , Mateusiak Chase , Chou Seemay , Swei Andrea
Published: July 2021

A vector’s susceptibility and ability to transmit a pathogen— termed
vector competency—determines disease outcomes, yet the ecological
factors influencing tick vector competency remain largely unknown.
Ixodes pacificus, the tick vector of Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) in the
western U.S., feeds on rodents, birds, and lizards. Unlike rodents and
birds which are reservoirs for Bb and infect juvenile ticks, lizards are
refractory to Bb and cannot infect feeding ticks. Additionally, the
lizard bloodmeal contains borreliacidal properties, clearing previously
infected feeding ticks of their Bb infection. Despite I. pacificus
feeding on a range of hosts, it is undetermined how the host identity of
the larval bloodmeal affects future nymphal vector competency. We
experimentally evaluate the influence of larval host bloodmeal on Bb
acquisition by nymphal I. pacificus. Larval I. pacificus were fed on
either lizards or mice and after molting, nymphs were fed on Bb-infected
mice. We found that lizard-fed larvae were significantly more likely to
become infected with Bb during their next bloodmeal than mouse-fed
larvae. We also conducted the first RNA-seq analysis on whole-bodied I.
pacificus and found significant upregulation of tick antioxidants and
antimicrobial peptides in the lizard-fed group. Our results indicate
that the lizard bloodmeal significantly alters vector competency and
gene regulation in ticks, highlighting the importance of host bloodmeal
identity in vector-borne disease transmission and upends prior notions
about the role of lizards in Lyme disease community ecology.
Does density-induced stress promote density-dependent reproduction in root voles? Two field experiments
Authors: shang guo-zhen , Du Shouyang , yang Yanbin , Wu Yan , Cao Yi-Fan , Bian Jianghui
Published: July 2021

Density dependence in reproduction plays an important role in
stabilising population dynamics via immediate negative feedback from
population density to reproductive output. Although previous studies
have shown that density dependence is associated with strong spacing
behaviour and social interaction between individuals, the proximal
mechanism for generating density-dependent reproduction remains unclear.
In this study, we investigated the effects of density-induced stress on
reproduction in root voles. Founder population enclosures were
established by introducing six (low density) and 30 (high density)
adults per sex into per enclosure (four enclosures per density in total)
during the breeding season from April to July 2012 and from May to
August 2015. Faecal corticosterone metabolite (FCM) levels, reproductive
traits (recruitment and the proportion of reproductive condition), and
founder population numbers were measured following repeated
live-trapping in both years. The number of founders was negatively
associated with recruitment rates and the proportion of reproductive
conditions, displaying a density-dependent reproduction. FCM level was
positively associated with the number of founders. The number of founder
females indirectly affected the proportion of reproductive females in
2012 and recruitment in 2015 through their FCM levels; the effect of the
number of male founders on the proportion of reproductive condition was
mediated by their FCM level in 2012, but the effect was not found in
2015. Our results showed that density-induced stress affected
density-dependent reproduction and that density-induced stress is one
ecological factor generating density-dependent reproduction.
Diagnostic Accuracy Of RIPASA Scoring System In Presumptive Accurate Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis : A case control study
Authors: Mooghal Mehwish , Khan Wajiha , Mehmood Shahid , Bux Lal , Ahmad Asrar , Rahim Kamran , Tahseen Hina , Gul Amna , Bhutta Mahwish Mahboob
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The RIPASA scoring system was established specifically for
Asians. Chong CF in his study consisting of 312 patients who had an
emergency appendectomy concluded that optimal cut-off threshold score
for negative appendectomy was 7.5. Objective: To determine the
diagnostic accuracy of RIPASA scoring system in presumptive accurate
diagnosis of acute appendicitis by taking histopathology as the gold
standard. Materials and methods: This Cross Sectional Study was carried
out at Surgery department at a tertiary care hospital, Karachi over a
period of 6 months, from 15th December 2019 to 15th June 2020. A total
of 141 patients of both gender of suspected cases of acute appendicitis
presenting with sign and symptoms were included in the study. Patients
underwent detailed history, general and physical examination and scoring
of patients according to RIPASA scoring scale and then decision of
appendectomy was taken on the basis of RIPASA score. Removed appendix
samples were sent for histopathology. Results: Age range in this study
was from 15 to 50 years with mean age of 30.191±6.09 years and mean
RIPASA score was 5.375±1.77. Majority of patients were males (58.9%).
RIPASA score diagnosed 28(19.9%) and histopathology diagnosed
27(19.1%) patients with acute appendicitis. RIPASA score showed
sensitivity of 85.2%, specificity 95.6%, diagnostic accuracy 94%, PPV
82.1% and NPV was 96.4%. Conclusion: We conclude that RIPASA scoring
system is the scoring system of choice in diagnosis of the acute
appendicitis with good sensitivity albeit a hit high and specificity
albeit a bit low profile.
Clinical observation of low-dose combination chemotherapy in refractory/recurrent paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patients: a single-centre retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Liyan , Liu Hui , Wang Honglei , Liu Zhaoyun , Chen Yingying , Liu Chunyan , Zhao Xiaoyu , Li Lijuan , Wang Huaquan , Shao Zonghong , Fu Rong
Published: July 2021

Objective We performed a retrospective analysis to investigate the
clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies of 20
refractory/recurrent PNH patients, including the clinical efficacy of
chemotherapy treatment and survival. Main Measures The clinical data of
20 classic PNH patients that were refractory/recurrent or had
glucocorticoid dependence in our hospital were analyzed, including
clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, treatment efficacy and
survival. Key Results Seventeen patients had a marked improvement in
anemia after chemotherapy, 14 patients acquired blood transfusion
independence, and the Hb of 3 patients increased to normal levels.
Although 6 patients still needed blood transfusion, the transfusion
interval was significantly prolonged. The percentages of LDH, TBIL and
RET, which are indicators of hemolysis, were significantly lower than
those before chemotherapy. The dosage of adrenal glucocorticoids was
reduced by more than half compared with that before chemotherapy.
Conclusions Chemotherapy can reduce PNH clones, promote normal
hematopoiesis, and control hemolytic attack. It is a promising and
widely used therapeutic method.
Surgical Resection of Atypical Metastatic Melanoma to the Atriocaval Junction: A Case Report
Authors: Osuji Vitalis , Alkhuziem Maha , Beckman Daniel
Published: July 2021

Metastatic tumors to the heart include lymphomas, sarcoma, leukemia, and
melanoma. Of these, metastatic melanoma is the most common, and are
usually hematogenous, where metastatic lesions can be present in the
left ventricle, right atrium, and/ or the right ventricle. We present an
atypical metastatic melanoma pattern, where cardiac metastasis
originated by direct extension from the adjacent gastric mesentery. We
also present our trans-cardiac resection approach, which was the safest
way to access the cardiac metastasis intra-operatively without
disrupting the tumor.
Epitope Screening Using Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS): An Optimized Workflow for Accelerated Evaluation of Lead Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Zhu Shaolong , Liuni Peter , Chen Tricia , Houy Camille , Wilson Derek , James Andrew
Published: July 2021

Background: Epitope mapping is an increasingly important aspect of
biotherapeutic and vaccine development. Recent advances in therapeutic
antibody design and production has enabled candidate mAbs to be
identified at a rapidly increasing rate resulting in a significant
bottleneck in the characterization of ‘structural’ epitopes, that are
challenging to determine using existing high throughput epitope mapping
tools. Here, Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS)
epitope screening workflow was introduced that is well suited for
accelerated characterization of epitopes with a common antigen. Main
methods and major results: The method is demonstrated on set of 6
candidate mAbs targeting Pertactin (PRN). Using this approach, five of
the six epitopes was unambiguously determined using two HDX mixing
timepoints in 24 hours total run time, corresponding to substantial
decrease in the instrument time required to map a single epitope using
conventional HDX workflows. Conclusion: An accelerated HDX-MS epitope
screening workflow was developed. The two-timepoint ‘screening’ workflow
mapped all six mAbs and generated high confidence epitopes for five of
the six mAbs assayed. The substantial improvement in the rate of data
collection can advance HDX-MS for higher throughput investigations
supporting the ability to evaluate a broader number of mAb candidates at
an earlier stage of vaccine development.
Alternativas para el control de antracnosis (Colletotrichum spp) en maracuyá (Passiflora edulis)
Authors: Niño Jiménez Fredy Alonso , Mogollón Ortiz Ángela Maria
Published: July 2021

La antracnosis en el maracuyá (Passiflora edulis) es uno de los problemas más limitantes en las zonas tropicales de Colombia causante de considerables pérdidas económicas. Este experimento fue realizado bajo condiciones de campo en un cultivo que estaba afectado por Colletotrichum spp (antracnosis) en un 50%. Con los resultados se demostró que existen alternativas diferentes al manejo químico convencional que reducen la dependencia de agroquímicos, con menor impacto negativo sobre el medio ambiente. Los ocho tratamientos evaluados para el control de antracnosis incluyeron productos biológicos y preparados con minerales, y fueron los siguientes: T1, Trichoderma spp (TR); T2, fosfito de potasio (FP); T3, caldo sulfocalcico (CS); T4, bacterias promotoras de crecimiento Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, licheniformes, Azobacter chroococcum y Pseudomonas fluorescens (BPC); T5, caldo bordelés (CB); T6, mezcla de: BPC, TR, CS y FP; T7, control químico con un producto que contiene N-(triclorometiltio) ciclohex-4-eno-1,2-dicarboximida (CQ) y T8, testigo absoluto (TA), los cuales fueron aplicados cada 15 días, una vez iniciada la floración. Se midió el porcentaje de incidencia, teniendo en cuenta ramas, hojas y botones que manifestaron la sintomatología la enfermedad. Se estableció un diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres repeticiones para cada periodo de floración, para lo cual se seleccionaron tres ramas; se aplicó un análisis de varianza y posteriormente prueba Tukey. Durante el tiempo de evaluación se presentaron dos periodos de floración en el cultivo de maracuyá, se destacó un mayor un control de la enfermedad con CB y FP con 55.1 y 56.2% de incidencia respectivamente, valores significativamente diferentes (P<0.05) a los demás tratamientos; en tercer lugar, se destacó TR con 61.8%, es de anotar que estos tres tratamientos lograron un mejor efecto que el control químico (67.6%). En general, el porcentaje de incidencia de antracnosis fue reducido con la aplicación de los tratamientos que incluyeron inductores de resistencia como fosfito de potasio, caldo Bordelés y Trichoderma spp, cuyo comportamiento fue similar o incluso mejor que el control químico. Por su bajo costo el caldo Bordelés constituye la mejor alternativa efectiva para disminuir la incidencia de este patógeno causante de pérdidas económicas en los cultivos de maracuyá.
Germinación de semillas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), papaya (Carica papaya L.) y maracuyá (Passiflora edulis) utilizando sustratos orgánicos
Authors: Reina García Jhusua David , Parra González Sergio David
Published: July 2021

La calidad de las plántulas es uno de los aspectos más importantes en el establecimiento del material vegetal proveniente del vivero, dentro de las problemáticas fitosanitarias que se presentan se encuentra el volcamiento, mal de talluelo o damping off causada por diferentes hongos. El biochar o biocarbón es considerado como alternativa para mejorar las condiciones físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo, mostrando potencial como sustrato de crecimiento. Este trabajo fue realizado bajo un diseño completamente al azar evaluando el crecimiento y desarrollo en vivero de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), papaya (Carica papaya L.) y maracuyá (Passiflora edulis). Los tratamientos fueron cinco sustratos de siembra: suelo, turba y tres mezclas de suelo con biocarbón al 10%, el cual fue obtenido a 450 °C utilizando como materia prima cáscaras de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis), plátano (Musa paradisiaca L.) y naranja (Citrus sinensis). Los diferentes sustratos de crecimiento no presentaron hongos patógenos asociados a enfermedades de interés como el mal de talluelo, que afecta las plántulas en vivero; esto se puede explicar por el aumento de la actividad biológica de los sustratos producida por la adición de biocarbón, que puede generar condiciones similares a las de los suelos supresivos. De acuerdo a los resultados el biocarbón de maracuyá y plátano tuvieron un efecto mortífero, las plantas sembradas en la mezcla de suelo con biocarbón de naranja presentaron un comportamiento estadísticamente similar (P>0.05) con respecto al tratamiento control (turba). El comportamiento de la papaya y el maracuyá fue similar (P>0.05), a pesar de esto, la germinación en los tres experimentos fue inferior a la de la prueba realizada en laboratorio. Se concluye que la materia prima usada como sustrato influye en el contenido de nutrientes que tiene el biocarbón, es así que la mezcla suelo con biocarbón de naranja al 10% es un óptimo sustrato para la producción de plántulas de tomate.
Extracción de taninos de cortezas de tres especies árboles de la región de la Orinoquia
Authors: Carreño Morales Alba Milena , Jiménez Forero Javier Alexander
Published: July 2021

La Orinoquia se caracteriza por su gran riqueza forestal nativa y comercial, a través del tiempo se han desarrollado investigaciones con el fin de fomentar su desarrollo y los diferentes usos de las especies vegetales. En esta investigación se evaluó la extracción de taninos a partir de la corteza de árboles que se encuentran en la región de la Orinoquia en Colombia, las especies evaluadas fueron pino (Pinus caribaea), acacia (Acacia mangium) y eucalipto (Eucalypto pellita). Se realizó una selección de las cortezas de los árboles mencionados para secarlas y luego molerlas, y así poder reducir sus partículas hasta un tamaño de 1 mm, se llevó a cabo una operación de lixiviación solido-líquido para evaluar los siguientes factores: concentración de NaOH: 1 y 5%, relación solido-líquido (S/L): 1/60, 1/90 y 1/120, y temperatura de extracción: 70 y 80°C, observándose el efecto sobre el porcentaje de rendimiento de extracción de taninos. Se realizó un análisis estadístico en el programa R-Project, mediante el test de Fisher con un 95% de confiabilidad. Se obtuvo como resultado que la corteza con mayor producción fue la de pino en condiciones de 5% NaOH, relación S/L de 1/90 y temperatura de 80°C, en eucalipto se obtuvieron mejores rendimientos con 5% NaOH, 1/120 y 80°C, por último, en acacia el mejor comportamiento se observó con 1% NaOH, 1/90 y 80°C (P<0.05). Se concluye que la temperatura no influye directamente en el rendimiento de la extracción, puesto que la diferencia entre los dos niveles no fue importante, caso contrario se observó con los factores de alcalinidad y la relación S/L, obteniéndose mayores rendimientos con 5% Vs 1% de NaOH y una relación ente soluto solvente 1/90 Vs 1/60 y 1/120.
Current State and Prospects for Use of Land Resources in Republic of Belarus
Authors: Kolmykov Andrey , Avdeev Alexey
Published: July 2021

All land of the Republic of Belarus can be classified by categories (7 categories), types of lands (14 types), land users, forms of ownership and types of rights to land plots.
The total area of land in the Republic of Belarus is 20760 thousand hectares, including agricultural land occupies 9103.0 thousand hectares (43.8%) of the total area of the republic; settlements, horticultural associations, dacha cooperatives - 849.0 thousand hectares (4.1%); industry, transport, communications, energy, defense and other purposes - 622.2 thousand hectares (3.0%); environmental, health, recreational, historical and cultural purposes - 868.7 thousand hectares (4.2%); forest fund - 8656.4 thousand hectares (41.7%); water fund - 37.3 thousand hectares (0.2%); reserve land - 623.4 thousand hectares (3.0%). The basis of the land resources used in the agro-industrial complex of the republic is arable land, meadows and land under permanent crops, which in general occupy 8387.1 thousand hectares, or 40.4% of the total area of land. The state owns 20683.6 thousand hectares (99.63%) of land, private property - 76.4 thousand hectares (0.37%) of the total area of all lands of the republic. In terms of environmental stability, the territory of the republic belongs to medium-stable territories, the coefficient of environmental stability is 0.63, and in terms of the degree of anthropogenic load - to territories with a relatively low anthropogenic load, the coefficient of anthropogenic load is 2.79.
Methodology of Application of Modern Technologies in Land Inventory of Territorial Communities
Authors: Koshkalda Iryna , Anopriienko Tetiana , Pilicheva Maryna , Maslii Lubov
Published: July 2021

The article defines that the land inventory allows to form land plots of state and communal property, to fill the State Land Cadastre with information about objects and subjects of land relations and to eliminate existing errors. The aim of the article is to improve the procedure of conducting the land inventory in Ukraine, taking into account modern technologies within the current regulatory framework. The methodology of land inventory using modern technologies has been developed, which includes the following components: surveying of the inventory object, topographic and geodetic works, vectorization of its territory using remote sensing data, project works, creation of a consolidated inventory plan, development of technical documentation, its state expertise, adjustment and approval, entering data into the State Land Cadastre. It is established that an effective method of implementation of topographic and geodetic works during updating of the cartographic materials is a combined method, which includes the use of aerial images with simultaneous geodetic surveying of complex areas. The use of geoinformation technologies and remote sensing data is allowed to optimize the duration and frequency of land inventory. In particular, the classification of land should be performed in the attribute tables. Ways to solve problems of protection and rational use of the lands of the inventory object have been developed. They include registration of land plots without cadastral numbers; control of compliance of land and environmental legislation, taking into account the results of land inventory for updating statistical cadastral information and making changes of the State Land Cadastre data.
Use of social media platforms to assess the socio-psychological characteristics of the arab world population
Authors: Samosvat Olga I. , Balakin Konstantin V.
Published: July 2021

The paper studies the socio-psychological characteristics of the population of Syria, Egypt, and the Arab world as a whole. The research methodology is based on the analysis of publicly available records in popular social network environments, in comparison with real facts and estimates contained in the modern scientific literature. Based on this analysis, socio-psychological portraits of representatives of individual ethno-social groups were compiled. Methods were also developed to identify the socio-psychological characteristics of the population of these countries. The results of the work can be used in systems for automatic monitoring and analysis of the information space of social media in Arab countries to assess public sentiment, track and study manifestations of extremism and terrorism, develop specialized recommendations for marketing, PR, information security, HR and business development services.
The research of lifestyle of individuals living in difficult living conditions
Authors: Kulik Anastasiya Andreevna , Shiryaeva Olga Sergeevna , Neyaskina Yulia Yurievna , Naumova Valentina Aleksandrovna , Frizen Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at exploring the lifestyle of people in difficult living conditions. The descriptive characteristics of the environment differentiated by several factors directly influencing the formation of an individual lifestyle are provided (based on the respondents’ self-reports) and the “core” and “peripheral” structures of the lifestyle of people living in deficient conditions are identified.
Criminalization of illegal remuneration in russian criminal law
Authors: Nikonov Pavel V.
Published: July 2021

A general description of illegal remuneration in Russian criminal law has been given and the range of encroachments associated with it has been determined. Historical-comparative, formal-logical, system-structural, statistical, and other methods have been used. A circle of socially dangerous acts related to corruption crimes related to giving and receiving bribes and other types of illegal remuneration has been identified. The author concludes that Russian criminal legislation in the field of combating corruption crimes is constantly being improved.
Xi Jinping’s new diplomacy with chinese characteristics
Authors: Boyarkina Anna Vladimirovna , Pecheritsa Vladimir Fedorovich , Vasileva Tatiana Alexandrovna , Nechay Ekaterina Evgenevna
Published: July 2021

The purpose of our study is to analyze the development of these theories aimed at China’s participation in reforming the mechanisms of global governance and promoting Chinese interests in Eurasia, Latin America, Africa, and other continents. The leading approach to the problem investigation is determined by the Non-Western ideology or non-Western theories of foreign relations, the Chinese national school in particular. The comparative method made it possible to establish the common and the differences in the main directions of the PRC’s foreign policy from the beginning of the 21st century up to the present day. The analysis shows the fifth generation of leaders has accomplished a conceptual shift in China’s foreign policy. Xi Jinping is establishing new institutions as an alternative to the Western-led global architecture to reflect its impact, ascendancy and normative power. As an example, the article examines the content of the term new type of relationship in modern Chinese foreign policy discourse and the problems of the One Belt, One Road megaproject development.
BOARD DIVERSITY AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Murhadi Werner Ria , Azaria Deliana , Silvia Sutedjo Bertha
Published: July 2021

Corporate governance has attracted many researchers to examine the relationship between board characteristics and financial performance. This study aims to determine the effect of board diversity, board size, and board independence on financial performance. This research is panel data with the number of observations reaching 1,355 years of observation. Financial performance is measured using accounting-based and market-based. It was found that the presence of female directors could not provide sound financial performance, even with a woman's prudence attitude would have an impact on decreasing the company's market value. The size of the board of directors does not affect financial performance, and the large size of the board of directors will have an impact on the decline in firm value. Independent directors are also not proven to be able to improve the company's financial performance; even the tendency of companies to carelessly fulfill the provisions of the rules regarding the existence of independent directors will bring a burden to the company so that it has an impact on the decline in company value.
Assistive Technology to Enhance Access to Information for Student with Disabilities: A Case Study in Surabaya
Authors: Mutia Fitri , Cahyani Indah Rachma
Published: July 2021

Access to information becomes an important means of achieving success in various aspects of life. Thus, it is considered the rights of every citizen without being impeded by physical or mental limitations. This study aims to analyze access to information that supports students with visual impairments (blind) in conducting learning activities at the university. This research was conducted at the Social and Political Sciences Faculty of Universitas Airlangga (Unair) Surabaya, involving 11 informants, three of whom are visually impaired students (blind) in the faculty. The results of this study indicate that according to three of the visually impaired informants the assistive technologies they used to support their learning processes, such as mobile phones, laptops, scanners, and recording devices, were provided independently. The technology is very helpful for them to obtain information validly and quickly, as well as to understand the contents of the information more easily and assist them to share the information with other colleagues. The supporting informants are 3 lecturers from the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of Universitas Airlangga who teach visually impaired students, 3 friends of the main informant, 1 university representative, and 1 faculty representative. This paper uses an interpretive paradigm, which aims to analyze a social reality and how that reality is formed. This research uses a qualitative type that seeks to understand social or human problems, based on the creation of a complete holistic picture that is formed with words, reports the views of informants in detail, and arranged in a natural setting.
Archives as Information Infrastructure and Their Urgency Towards Research
Authors: Nurdin L
Published: July 2021

This research was conducted to investigate archives as information infrastructure in research. This term is used because archives are seen as the primary source for research. Thus, it is very fundamental and urgent for researchers regarding the data to be used and their accuracy is reliable. The research used a qualitative descriptive method in the frame of a constructivist approach in reading the phenomena of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Archives. Data collection was carried out using three main techniques, namely interview, observation, and documentation. The results of the study found three important issues related to the existence of archives as information infrastructure on research, i.e. archives as a means of historical preservation, primary document, and research development capital. As a curator of history, it seems that its function is very important in historical research because its birth was not intended to produce historical materials, but was born by itself following the interaction of the people. As a primary document, archives are important because they were born simultaneously with events, not from the stories of social actors. As for the framework of research development capital, archives are a source that has a high degree of accuracy, so that its function in research is very important to produce qualified research.
School Librarians During the Covid-19
Authors: Umar Touku , Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the roles and obstacles of school librarians in providing services during the Covid-19. This descriptive study used a qualitative approach. The researchers selected 13 representatives of high schools, vocational high schools, and madrasah aliyah at the same level as public and private. The data were obtained through observations, interviews, and documentation. The study found that school librarians have provided certain library services during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely providing direct services by implementing health protocols, providing digital information sources or e-books, disseminating information via WhatsApp, improving and fixing library infrastructures. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced by school librarians were unpreparedness to face the pandemic, lack of technology facilities and internet access, lack of competency, and minimum library budget.
Role of Business Age, Scale & Risk in Debt Financing Choices for the Pakistani Textile & Apparel Industry
Authors: Bashir Zahid , Arshad Muhammad Usman , Asif Muhammad , Abbas Muhammad , Ali Hasnain
Published: July 2021

The motivation for this research enquiry is to identify the role of the business age, size and risk for the choice of debt financing in the textile and apparel sector of Pakistan along with other controlled factors. The textile and apparel sector of Pakistan comprises 464 listed entities as the targeted population while the study randomly finalized 60 firms as the sample after carefully analyzing the required information from the financial statements during the annual revenue streams of 2013-2019. The predicted variable for this research enquiry is measured by short, long and total-debt ratios while the predictor variables include the business age, firm’s scale and risk. In addition, the research includes tax shield, tangibility, liquidity, profitability, and growth as the controlling factors. The study estimated that the choice of total-debt ratio is strongly affected by business age, size and risk along-with tax shield, tangibility, liquidity and profitability while the choice of short-term debt ratio mainly depends upon the firm’s scale and age along with the tax shield. In addition, the choice of long-term debt ratio is strongly explained by the firm’s scale and age along with the tax shield, liquidity and profitability. The estimated evidence provides management with the implications for the textile and apparel sector of Pakistan to consider as significant factors in deciding the debt financing choice of this sector. The estimated evidence of this research enquiry applies to the non-financial textile sector only and cannot be generalized to the financial sector. Future research may enhance the financing choice towards the inclusion of equity financing with the same set of variables.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA MEMILIH MODA TRANSPORTASI SEPEDA MOTOR DI KAWASAN KUTA SELATAN
Authors: Sena I Made Aswin Ananta , Wijaya N.M.S. , Dewi N.G.A.S.
Published: July 2021

The study aims to analyze the factors that affect tourist in choosing a motorcycle as a mode of transportation in South Kuta area. Data were collected using survey online questionnaires. The number of respondents was 100 international tourists. The methodologies used were descriptive statistics, factor analysis using the IBM SPSS 26.0 for Windows application. The result of the study shows that there are two factors, which influence international tourists to choose the motorcycle as the transportation mode in South Kuta area. The two factors are external and internal factors. The external factor consists of the street width, the convenience of renting the transportation mode, availability of the parking area, the traffic density, the transportation cost, and the reliability. The internal factor are family recommendation, easy to used, own a driving license, budget, and driving range. Based on the result of factor analysis, the external factor as a dominant factor that influences international tourists to choose motorcycle as transportation mode in South Kuta Area.
MODEL PENGENDALIAN SOSIAL PREVENTIF DALAM MENANGANI PENYIMPANGAN PERILAKU WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Rhamadani Fitri Amalia , Suwena I Ketut , Dewi L.G.L.K.
Published: July 2021

Deviations in the behavior of foreign tourists often occur in Badung Regency. Forms of deviant behavior include aggressive behavior, behavior against authority, disrespectful behavior and stupid behavior. The need for a preventive social control effort in anticipating the occurrence of deviations in the behavior of foreign tourists in the future. Determination of informants using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using qualitative analysis with the creditability test and the dependability test. The discussion resulted in a model of the construction display framework of preventive social control in Badung Regency, which was formed based on facts or the phenomenon of behavior deviations that often occur. In the introduction of the forms of deviant behavior of foreign tourists there are 4 forms and have a total of 17 behaviors and the total forms of such deviations require social control with a preventive approach. In the preventive approach there are 10 ways that can control foreign tourists to deviate. The role of tourism stakeholders (local communities, government and tourism entrepreneurs) is needed to distribute Do's and Don't's in Bali brochures. The brochure will later contain supporting pictures or illustrations to attract the reader's interest, understand the meaning in each sentence. Preventive social control material by dividing 3 material is presented, namely: Do's in Bali, Do's in Bali, and Why in Bali. After the mechanism for distributing brochures is carried out by stakeholders and there is still a deviation of tourist behavior, the next stage of violators will be subject to sanctions.
Karakter morfologis dan molekular udang air tawar anggota Macrobrachium pilimanus species group di Sungai Opak, Winongo dan Sempor, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Silmi Malya Adzillina , Eprilurahman Rury , Trijoko Trijoko , Hakim Lukman
Published: July 2021

Macrobrachium merupakan genus dari subfilum Crustacea dengan keanekaragaman tertinggi. Identifikasi morfologi dari genus Macrobrachium sebagian besar sulit dilakukan karena karakter untuk identifikasi tingkat spesies yang rumit, sedangkan banyak karakter umum untuk semua spesies anggota Macrobrachium. Sulitnya identifikasi morfologi juga disebabkan oleh pengaruh dominansi sosial pada jantan. Diperlukan pendekatan lain untuk mengidentifikasi Macrobrachium secara akurat, salah satunya dengan DNA barcoding menggunakan gen mitokondria 16S. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan molekuler kelompok spesies Macrobrachium pilimanus berdasarkan gen mitokondria 16S dari sungai Opak, Winongo, dan Sempor di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel udang diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi, meristik, dan morfometri. Analisis molekuler menggunakan primer 16Sar sebagai primer forward dan 16Sbr sebagai primer reverse. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi morfologi, sampel udang yang diperoleh hanya dapat teridentifikasi hingga tingkat genus Macrobrachium. Sampel udang juga dapat dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok spesies Macrobrachium pilimanus berdasarkan karakter umum kelompok spesies tersebut. Sampel udang pada penelitian ini memiliki kemiripan karakter paling tinggi dengan spesies M. pilimanus dan M. empulipke yang tersebar di Jawa. Berdasarkan analisis molekuler, sampel dari Sungai Winongo (WNM1) memiliki similaritas 87,63% dengan M. forcipatum (JQ362454.1) dan 87,02% dengan M. dienbienphuense (JQ390474.1), yang berarti merupakan spesies yang berbeda dari spesies di GenBank. Macrobrachium forcipatum dan M. dienbienphuense merupakan anggota kelompok spesies M. pilimanus. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah semua sampel merupakan anggota kelompok spesies M. pilimanus.
Pertumbuhan planlet anggrek Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. pada tahap subkultur dengan variasi media
Authors: Pratama Fakhri Fadhlurrohman , Setiari Nintya , Nurchayati Yulita
Published: July 2021

Cymbidium bicolor merupakan salah satu anggrek di Indonesia yang memiliki bunga yang indah dan tahan lama, sehingga berpotensi menjadi tanaman hias. Bunga anggrek C. bicolor mulai banyak dieksploitasi dari alam karena memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode untuk perbanyakan yaitu kultur jaringan tumbuhan. Salah satu tahap pada kultur jaringan tumbuhan adalah subkultur. Jenis media yang digunakan pada tahap subkultur mempengaruhi pertumbuhan planlet. Media yang digunakan antara lain Murashige and Skoog (MS), Vacin and Went (VW), dan New Phalaenopsis (NP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis media berbeda pada tahap subkultur. Metode yang digunakan adalah kultur jaringan tumbuhan pada tahap subkultur planlet ke media perlakuan (MS, VW, dan NP). Planlet       C. bicolor disubkultur dalam media MS, VW, NP dan diamati selama 2 bulan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kemunculan daun, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar, dan jumlah tunas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggal yaitu Jenis Media dengan 15 ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA pada signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan jenis media berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Media MS merupakan media terbaik untuk kemunculan daun (11 hari), jumlah daun (4.92), panjang daun (1,56 cm), lebar daun (0,33 cm), jumlah akar (2,67), panjang akar (2,73 cm), dan jumlah tunas (4,00). Media MS merupakan media terbaik untuk pertumbuhan C. bicolor pada tahap subkultur.
Pengelolaan sampah anorganik pada Alila Villas Uluwatu, Bali
Authors: Ilmiyah Sulfa , Dalem A.A.G. Raka , Muksin I Ketut
Published: July 2021

Permasalahan lingkungan merupakan hal kompleks yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap semua komponen di dalam ekosistem. Masalah lingkungan salah satunya dapat diakibatkan oleh produksi sampah yang tidak dikelola dengan baik, misalnya pada industri perhotelan. Kegiatan perhotelan merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang menghasilkan berbagai macam sampah, baik yang mudah terurai atau tidak maupun yang beracun atau tidak. Produk yang tidak mudah terurai dan beracun dapat mencemari lingkungan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Alila Villas Uluwatu (AVU) merupakan salah satu hotel di Bali yang berkomitmen untuk menerapkan prinsip pariwisata ramah lingkungan dan upaya dalam menjaga lingkungan dengan menerapkan usaha meminimalisasi produksi sampahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi AVU di dalam menjaga lingkungan, khususnya dalam menangani sampah anorganik yang dihasilkan, seperti kaca, kertas dan plastik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan observasi langsung di lapangan serta pemeriksaan dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengelolaan sampah pada AVU meliputi usaha untuk meminimalisasi produksinya salah satu caranya dengan mendaur ulang sampah anorganik yang tersedia serta dengan menggunakan bahan yang lebih ramah lingkungan seperti sikat gigi dengan pegangan yang terbuat dari kayu, sedotan kertas serta sedotan bambu.
Infiltrasi Neutrofil Pada Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Gingiva Tikus Wistar Setelah Pemberian Vitamin D
Authors: Hervina Hervina , Syahriel Dwis , Prawira I Gusti Ngurah Gede Swarga
Published: July 2021

Latar belakang: Prevalensi periodontitis di Indonesia sebesar 74,1% lebih tinggi dibandingkan negara-negara lainnya di dunia. Perawatan periodontitis seperti tindakan bedah periodontal meliputi tindakan insisi akan menimbulkan luka pada gingiva. Penyembuhan luka pada rongga mulut harus diperhatikan agar tidak terjadi infeksi. Vitamin D memiliki efek antiinflamasi sebagai imunomodulator dalam mekanisme penyembuhan luka. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuktikan efek antiinflamasi vitamin D terhadap infiltrasi neutrofil pada luka insisi gingiva tikus wistar. Metode: Rancangan post test only control group design pada 24 sampel yang dilakukan insisi pada gingiva labial insisivus rahang bawah, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok: kontrol yaitu tanpa pemberian perawatan observasi hari ke-1 (K1) dan  hari ke-3 (K2); perlakuan 1 (pemberian vitamin D 1000 IU per-oral/perhari) observasi hari ke-1 (P1) dan hari ke-3 (P2), perlakuan 2 (pemberian vitamin D 1000 IU per-oral/hari dan Povidone iodin 1% secara topikal ) observasi hari ke-1 (P3) dan hari ke-3 (P4). Pembuatan preparat dari jaringan gingiva area insisi dengan pewarnaan HE dan perhitungan jumlah sel neutrofil menggunakan mikroskop pembesaran 400 kali. Analisis data dengan Uji One Way Anova kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Least Significant Difference. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan rerata jumlah neutrofil pada keenam kelompok nilai F = 12,03 dan p = 0,000. Perbedaan terdapat pada P1-K1 (p=0,000), P1-P3 (p=0,021), P1-P2 (p=0,047), P3-K1 (p=0,01), P2-K2 (p=0,002), P2-K4 (p=0,047). Simpulan: Infiltrasi neutrofil pada penyembuhan luka insisi gingiva tikus lebih tinggi pada pemberian vitamin D pada hari ke-1 dibanding kontrol, dan infiltrasi neutrofil hari ke-3 lebih rendah dibanding hari ke-1 setelah pemberian vitamin D.
Rekonstruksi Pasca Ablasi Tumor Kepala dan Leher dengan Teknik Chimeric Flap
Authors: Primasari Medisa , Rizaliyana Sitti
Published: July 2021

Keganasan pada kepala dan leher yang meliputi laring, kavitas oral dan orofaring, menempati urutan ke-enam jenis keganasan yang paling sering terjadi di dunia, di mana ?90% berasal dari sel skuamosa. Rekonstruksi pasca ablasi tumor menjadi hal yang menantang karena defek yang dihasilkan pasca ablasi tumor pada kepala-leher seringkali melibatkan struktur jaringan yang kompleks pada lokasi yang tidak berdekatan. Saat ini, chimeric flap menjadi pilihan dalam rekonstruksi defek pasca ablasi tumor karena flap ini mampu menyediakan variasi jaringan untuk defek multipel namun dengan satu tahap operasi. Beberapa pilihan chimeric flap yang dapat digunakan dalam rekonstruksi defek kepala dan leher adalah flap anterolateral thigh (ALT), flap sistem pembuluh darah subskapula, flap sistem pembuluh darah peroneal, flap temporoparietal, dan flap sistem pembuluh darah thoracoacromial.
ANALISA FRAMING PEMBERITAAN KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PENANGANAN COVID-19 DI MEDIA ONLINE
Authors: HERLINA OKTAFIANI
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus has caused social, economic, and phsychological effects all over the world. Thisvirus is easy to spread and can pose a risk of death. Indonesia is one of the countries most affected bythis virus. At the beginning of its appearance, the information about those overflowed in the massmedia. The media inform about Covid-19 and government policies in handling the virus. This textbased qualitative research was conducted by framing analysis. Robert Entmant's framing scheme isused to describe the reality of reporting on government policies related to handling of Covid-19 inonline media. The data collection techniques is through observation, documentation, and literaturestudy. The research process is carried out by interpreting the stage of defining the problem,estimating problems, making moral decisions and emphasizing the solution. As a result, the newsframing of the handling of Covid-19 was built in line with the policies conveyed by the government inthe mass media. Public communication carried out by the government can determine the direction ofthe news narrative in the media. The policies taken by the government always have a political,economic, and health narrative. These three things become a narrative that can not be separated inthe news. The media often criticize government policies which are often inappropriate anduncoordinated so they are fed up with those informations sooner. The media should be able to givehope to the public to be optimistic and enthusiastic in dealing with the pandemic situation.

Keywords: Covid-19, Coronavirus, Media, Framing
Crime Victims Protection in Indonesia: An Analysis of the Recent Victim Protection Acts
Authors: Mahfud Mahfud
Published: July 2021

The Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power (1985) ensures the protection of victims of crime. Basically, the implementation of this international declaration depends on the domestic law of each state.  Indonesia has promulgated Act No. 13 of 2006 concerning Witness and Victim Protection (Witness and Victim Protection Act) and its Amendment (Act No. 31 of 2014) to give protection of the victim, although not fully adopted the principles contained in the declaration. This article aims to analyze the protection of the victims under the recent Indonesian victim protection Acts and to examine to what extent the Acts in line with the declaration. It is a normative legal research that collects sources from libraries, databases, and archives. This research suggested that Witness and Victim Protection Act has provided the protection to the victim that is limited to victims of a grave violation of human rights, terrorism, trafficking, torture, sexual crime, and serious assaults in the form of compensation (only for a grave violation of human rights and terrorism), restitution and certain assistances under the auspices of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK). However, this Act is not yet fully in line with the Declaration, particularly with regard to the right of victims to be present in the criminal justice process to express their views when it comes to their personal interests.
Transformasi Kearifan Lokal Terkait Kasus Pertambangan Rakyat dalam Kebijakan Daerah
Authors: Rahayu Derita Prapti , Faisal Faisal , Darwance Darwance , Dedoe Amir
Published: July 2021

Secara umum sektor pertambangan selama ini memberikan kontribusi yang sangat besar bagi perekonomian Indonesia serta daerah-daerah yang menjadi lokasi pertambangan. Situasi khusus terjadi pada pertambangan rakyat di wilayah Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung yang justru menyisakan sejumlah kasus yang belum terselesaikan. Hanya saja, pemerintah daerah setempat nampaknya belum mangakomodir kearifan lokal untuk menyelesaikan kasus pertambangan rakyat dalam bentuk kebijakan daerah (baik peraturan ataupun penetapan). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kearifan lokal terkait pertambangan rakyat tertransformasi ke dalam kebijakan  daerah agar tetap lestari, berkembang, dan ditaati oleh masyarakat dengan penuh kesadaran. Artikel inimerupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan mengidentifikasi peraturan perundang-undangan terkait adakah peluang mentransformasi kearifan lokal ke dalam kebijakan daerah.Bahan hukum primer diperoleh dari peraturan perundang-undangan terkait danbahan hukum sekunder berupa sumber kepustakaan danartikel-artikel ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa kearifan lokal pada aktivitas pertambangan rakyat tidak terakomodir dalam kebijakan daerah sehubungan dengan keterbatasan kewenangan daerah dalam sektortersebut. Pintu masuk untuk mentransformasikan kearifan lokal ke dalam produk hukum daerah justru terdapat pada kewenangan pemerintah daerah baik provinsi maupun kabupaten/kota di bidang pengelolaan lingkungan hidup.