bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complete pathological response of hormone receptor positive invasive breast cancer in a patient with multiple myeloma treated with ixazomib
Authors: Dameri Martina , Garlaschi Alessandro , Cuccarolo Paola , Ceccardi Andrea , Stabile Mario , Valente Irene , Gristina Licia , Calabrese Massimo , Ballestrero Alberto , Tagliafico Alberto , Zoppoli Gabriele
Published: June 2023

Multiple myeloma is a hematological cancer characterized by relapse after treatment and poor prognosis. Ixazomib, a second-generation protease inhibitor, is one of the most recently available treatments for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, while it has also shown good potential as antitumoral agent in preclinical solid tumor models such as breast cancer cell lines. Here we report the case of a 68-year-old female with multiple myeloma and an incidental cT1b (9 mm) hormone receptor positive breast cancer lesion that showed a complete pathological response to a three-month combination therapy with Ixazomib, bendamustine and dexamethasone and no signs of disease relapse during the later follow-up. This is the first case report describing such clinical outcome in breast cancer following Ixazomib, bendamustine and dexamethasone combination therapy. To investigate the potential antitumoral activity of Ixazomib in breast cancer, we performed in vitro experiments using two hormone receptor positive breast cancer cell lines. We assessed the synergism between Ixazomib and bendamustine and the antiproliferative effect of Ixazomib. We found no synergistic interaction between the two drugs, while Ixazomib alone showed an antiproliferative effect against tumoral cells, suggesting that this drug has been responsible for tumor regression in our case.
Coelomic fluid of asteroid echinoderms: Current knowledge and future perspectives on its utility for disease and mortality investigations
Authors: Wahltinez Sarah J. , Byrne Maria , Stacy Nicole I.
Published: June 2023

Coelomic fluid surrounds the internal organs of asteroid echinoderms (asteroids, otherwise known as sea stars or starfish) and plays an essential role in the immune system, as well as in the transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, waste products, and reproductive mediators. Due to its importance in physiology and accessibility for nonlethal diagnostic sampling, coelomic fluid of asteroids provides an excellent sample matrix for health evaluations and can be particularly useful in disease and mortality investigations. This is especially important in light of recent increases in the number of affected individuals and species, larger geographic scope, and increased observed frequency of sea star wasting events compared with historic accounts of wasting. This review summarizes the current knowledge about coelomocytes, the effector cell of the asteroid immune system; coelomic fluid electrolytes, osmolality, acid–base status and respiratory gases, and microbiota; and genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic investigations of coelomic fluid. The utility of coelomic fluid analysis for assessing stressor responses, diseases, and mortality investigations is considered with knowledge gaps and future directions identified. This complex body fluid provides an exciting opportunity to increase our understanding of this unique and ecologically important group of animals.
Towards relational geographies of gambling harm: Orientation, affective atmosphere, and intimacy
Authors: Waitt Gordon , Gordon Ross , Harada Theresa , Gurrieri Lauren , Reith Gerda , Cioriari Joseph
Published: June 2023

This paper reviews the progress of geographical research on the gambling industry and presents a framework to comprehend the role of space in gambling consumption and harm. It covers two themes: the casino’s place in urban governance and the agency of gamblers, and how space impacts gambling consumption and harm. The paper introduces a conceptual framework of orientation, affective atmosphere, and intimacy to better comprehend how gambling practices can increase or decrease risk. Finally, the paper suggests that this framework can help to better understand online sports gambling consumption and harm in the context of market growth.
The short-term effects of CGRP monoclonal antibodies on bone turnover: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Ray Jason C. , Sztal-Mazer Shoshana , Baker Josephine , Matharu Manjit S. , Hutton Elspeth J.
Published: June 2023

Background

Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAb) are an effective treatment of migraine however may have possible off-target effects. Pre-clinical studies implicate CGRP in several aspects of bone turnover and homeostasis. The clinical effect of CGRP mAb on bone turnover is not known, however.

Methods

Between June 2021 and July 2022, a multi-centre prospective cohort study was undertaken with eligible patients undergoing paired testing of the validated bone turnover markers procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) prior to and at least three months following administration of a CGRP mAb.

Results

A total of 45 patients with a mean age of 41.8 (SD 11.9) were included in the final analysis, all of whom received a ligand-targeting CGRP mAb. Administration of a CGRP mAb was associated with a statistically significant increase in P1NP from 44.5 microg/L to 51.5 microg/L (p = 0.004), but no significant change in CTX.

Conclusion

In otherwise homeostatic conditions, short-term administration of a CGRP mAb is associated with increased P1NP, a bone formation marker but not with increased CTX, a bone resorption marker. Further study is required to validate these findings over longer time periods, in a larger cohort, and in pre-existing states of increased calcium stress and bone-turnover.
Barriers and Facilitators of Diet, Physical Activity Levels, and Sleep Among Nursing Undergraduates and Early-Career Nurses: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Wirth Michael D. , Meyer Jaclyn , Jessup Angela , Dawson Robin M.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Mechanisms leading to burnout, associated with high turnover in nursing, may start as early as in nursing school. Given health habits (e.g., diet, physical activity, and sleep) can exacerbate or lessen the impact of burnout, this study examined current barriers and facilitators to healthy diet, physical activity levels, and sleep among nursing undergraduates (UGs) and early-career nurses (ECNs).

Research Design

Qualitative descriptive study.

Sample

25 nursing UGs and 25 ECNs (within 3 years of graduation) from a Southeastern college of nursing.

Data Collection and Analysis

After development of theory-informed interview guides, participants conducted interviews either in-person or by phone, which were audio-recorded and transcribed. Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcripts.

Results

All but one (aged 54) UG was in their early 20s and ECNs were in their early to mid-20s. Most participants were white, females. Time and stress were the strongest barriers among UGs and ECNs for adherence to healthy diet, physical activity, although stress did act as a facilitator for physical activity in a subset of both UGs and ECNs. Shiftwork was a common barrier to healthy behaviors among ECNs.

Conclusion

The fact that the more common and stronger barriers to healthier behaviors among UGs and ECNs were the same give credence to the idea that processes associated with burnout begin during or before nursing education and are persistent.
A new look at environmental sustainability from the lens of green policies, eco-digitalization, affluence, and urbanization: Empirical insights from BRICS economies
Authors: Wang Ao , Shan Shan , Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre , Omokanmi Olatunde Julius
Published: June 2023

The unwavering adverse effects of global warming continue to threaten the sustainability of the ecosystem and peaceful human coexistence. Efforts to resolve this ecological matter promulgate the interest in green policies, which the extant studies are yet to explore fully. Consequently, this study provides the first empirical evidence on the roles of green policies vectoring, green energy, green finance, and green innovation amidst eco-digitalization and urbanization on environmental sustainability captured by CO2 emissions, ecological footprint, and PM2.5 air pollutions in BRICS countries from 1995 to 2019. The study relies on the STIRPAT framework alongside second-generation estimators in providing the empirical evidence. Findings indicate that green energy, green finance, green innovation, and eco-digitalization promote environmental sustainability by reducing CO2 emissions, ecological footprint, and PM2.5 air pollutions. Conversely, urbanization and affluence deter environmental sustainability due to their inducing effects the highlighted pollutants. The distributional analysis based on quantile regression and country-level estimation based on fully modified ordinary least squares technique accentuates the empirical regularity of the main findings. Besides, the Granger causality reveals the presence of bidirectional and unidirectional causality relationships in the estimated model. Based on the findings, feasible policies that enhance sustainability of the BRICS environment are formulated.
An experimental study on mechanical properties of a magnetorheological fluid under slow compression
Authors: Wang Hongyun , Bi Cheng , Ji Axiang , Liu Xu , Qu Bo , Zhang Guang
Published: June 2023

Mechanical properties of magnetorheological (MR) fluids have been investigated in slow compression under different magnetic fields. The compressive stress of the MR fluid has been deduced by assuming that it was a continuous shear flow in Bingham model and has been calculated. The compressive stress has also measured in different magnetic fields and initial gap distances. The compressive stress of the MR fluid in a high magnetic flux density and/or a small initial gap distance was much higher than that predicted by the traditional continuous media theory. Compressive experimental results were also compared with the continuous media theory by a normalized logarithmic form. The achieved experimental result seems to deviate from the prediction by the continuous media theory at a high magnetic flux density and a small initial gap distance. The MR fluid had a high compressive modulus when the compressive strain was lower than 0.042. The compressive modulus had an exponential relationship with the compressive strain higher than 0.042. Frictions between particles, which contribute to the high structure factor, were thought to play an important role in the large deviations in squeeze mode.
Emotional Regulation and Language in Young Children With and Without Autism Traits
Authors: Cibralic Sara , Kohlhoff Jane , Wallace Nancy , McMahon Catherine , Eapen Valsamma
Published: June 2023

Language ability has been associated with emotion regulation (ER) ability. Children on the autism spectrum have greater rates of language delays and lower ER ability. Despite this, autism traits have not been considered or controlled for in past research. This study therefore examined the association between language ability and ER in young children with and without autism traits. An exploratory analysis was also conducted to examine the types of ER strategies used by young children with autism traits compared with young children without such traits. Ninety mother–toddler dyads participated in the study. Results showed greater receptive language ability was significantly associated with greater parent-reported ER ability both when children with, and children without, autism traits were included in the sample. Furthermore, greater expressive language ability was significantly associated with greater observed ER but only when children with autism traits were excluded from the analysis. These findings have clinical implications for early intervention development for both children with and without autism traits.
Motherhood Experiences of Women With Multiple Sclerosis: A Thematic Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Özkan İlknur , Polat Dünya Cansu
Published: June 2023

The nature and unpredictable prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) make pregnancy and motherhood challenging experiences for women with the disease. Using the thematic synthesis method, we aimed to systematically interpret and synthesize data from qualitative research examining the motherhood experiences of women with MS. The analyses revealed three analytical themes: “Deciding to become a mother,” “The journey during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period,” and “Surviving as a mother with multiple sclerosis.” For women with MS, being a mother, pregnancy, and the postpartum period were complex and challenging issues. During this period, most women felt lonely, thought that they were contradictory and inadequately informed by healthcare professionals and that they could not get enough social support. Despite all the difficulties, being a mother was a source of motivation for them. This meta-synthesis study provides healthcare professionals with an in-depth understanding of the experiences of women with MS with pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum period, and motherhood from their perspectives.
“Doing Distance”: The Role of Managers’ Enactment of Psychological Distance in Leader–Follower Relationships
Authors: Anisman-Razin Moran , Kark Ronit , Ashforth Blake E.
Published: June 2023

While many aspects of the leader–follower relationship have been studied, we know very little about the role of leader–follower distance in relationships and organizations. In particular, we propose to go beyond the current definition and examine distance as malleable and enacted by leaders. We explore this as acts of “doing distance” via two studies. In the first, we utilized the Critical Incident Technique to collect events of enacted distance from 97 managers working in diverse sectors and organizations. Drawing on the qualitative findings, we develop a conceptual model of the context, goals, and behavioral practices of enacted distance. In the second study ( N = 543), we tested the proposed model using an experimental manipulation to examine the role of identity processes and levels (individual, relational, and collective) in leaders’ doing distance. We identify specific managerial practices of doing distance and their related antecedents in terms of individuals’ experiences and relationships, and discuss implications for theory and practice regarding distance in leader–follower relationships.
The Art of Data Analysis: Disturbing Knowledge and Performing Critical Inquiry
Authors: Carranza Mirna
Published: June 2023

Using theater and performance, the building of “We are not the Others” brought into discussion—How does the researcher ethically “code” data to re-present the stories of Women Immigrants who are understood as the Other to achieve the social justice goals? This article explores these questions and asks, “What is the purpose and politics of an embodied performance of/by the Other for White audiences?” These questions framed the processes of creating the re-telling of stories and were integral to the ethical engagement of audiences in a way that drew them in, to understand their own implications.
The Impact of Measurement-Based Care in Psychiatry: An Integrative Review
Authors: DeSimone Janine , Hansen Bryan R.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

The quality of mental health treatment has not progressed to the same extent as physical health treatment. Suboptimal mental health outcomes may be attributed to the lack of a systematic approach to tracking and measuring patient progress. In psychiatry, Measurement-Based Care (MBC) offers an objective, systematic approach to monitor clinical progress, evaluate treatment efficacy, and inform clinical decisions, yet remains seldom used in daily practice.

AIMS:

To identify the clinical impact of using MBC in psychiatry.

METHODS:

Using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model as a guideline, this integrative review focused on the research query, “What is the clinical impact of Measurement-Based Care when treating patients with mental illness?”

RESULTS:

A total of nine articles met the inclusion criteria for this integrative review. The articles ranged from 2008 to 2021. The following themes were identified from the analysis of these articles: (1) the clinical impact of MBC, (2) provider attitudes about MBC, and (3) barriers to MBC implementation.

CONCLUSIONS:

MBC, augmenting usual standard care, provides an objective, systematic approach using quantifiable data to monitor symptom severity and treatment effectiveness. This review highlights the clinical benefits of MBC, including increased remission rates, lower risk of relapse, improved medication adherence, and strengthening the therapeutic alliance. Although this review provides an overview of the benefits of MBC in psychiatry, there remains a substantial practice gap warranting further investigation. Strategies must be developed to address barriers at the individual and organizational levels which impede the successful adoption of MBC.
Effects of the Good Behavior Game on Students’ Academic Engagement in Remote Classrooms During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hier Bridget O. , MacKenzie Connor K. , Ash Tory L. , Maguire Samantha C. , Nelson Kaytlin A. , Helminen Emily C. , Watts Emily A. , Matsuba Erin S. M. , Masters Ellen C. , Finelli Carly C. , Circe Joshua J. , Hitchings Taylor J. , Goldstein Alec R. , Sullivan William E.
Published: June 2023

This multiple-baseline design study examined the effects of the Good Behavior Game (GBG) on class-wide academic engagement in online general education classrooms. Teachers in three third- through fifth-grade classrooms in the state of New York implemented the GBG remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Treatment integrity was supported using aspects of implementation planning and by providing emailed performance feedback. Teachers’ perceived usability and students’ perceived acceptability of the GBG were assessed. Visual analysis results indicated two clear demonstrations of an effect, but experimental control was limited by smaller and delayed effects in one classroom. Statistical analyses of the data suggest that implementing the GBG was associated with moderate to strong, statistically significant improvements in students’ academic engagement in all three classrooms. Teachers reported that the GBG was usable in their online classrooms, and students reported finding the intervention acceptable to participate in remotely. These results provide initial support for further examining the effectiveness and social validity of using the GBG to improve elementary students’ academic engagement during remote instruction.
Use of Behavior Function and Teacher Practices to Intensify Tier II Intervention: A Comparison of Check-In, Check-Out Adaptations
Authors: Chauvin Casey B. , Wehby Joseph H. , Kern Lee
Published: June 2023

Within the context of a multi-tiered framework for behavior support, intervention intensification is warranted when a Tier II intervention fails to adequately address a targeted behavior. A traditional approach to intensification is to shift from standardized supports at Tier II to individualized and more resource-intensive supports at Tier III. Recent conceptualizations, however, reflect the use of a process-oriented, adaptive approach in which a continuum of responsive intensifications connects the framework’s tiers. Adaptive intervention design relies on the identification of critical factors to inform responsive adaptations to a standard treatment protocol. This study examined the distinct and relative influence of adaptations to Check-In/Check-Out (CICO), a targeted intervention, informed by two critical factors—behavioral function and teachers’ use of behavior-specific praise. Results indicated that, relative to traditional CICO, CICO adapted to address behavioral function was less effective in producing differentiated levels of disruptive behavior. However, CICO adapted to strengthen a teaching practice—the delivery of behavior-specific praise—was effective in producing differentiated levels of disruptive behavior relative to the standard treatment protocol. Additional research on treatment adaptations informed by behavioral function and evidence-based teacher practices is needed to evaluate whether the variables may serve as critical factors within an adaptive approach to building treatment intensity at Tier II.
Effects of parameters on postbuckling failure of composite sandwich panels loaded axially: Function form and applications
Authors: Li Yuan , Li Dong , Huang Bao-Zong
Published: June 2023

Based on the refined first-order shear theory (simplified zig-zag model), using quasi-conforming finite element method with path-following and switching approach, the postbuckling behaviors and postbuckling bearing capacity (PBC) of composite sandwich panels (CSPs) axially loaded were studied and discussed in detail. To utilize the carrying potential of CSPs in postbuckling, the effects of the key parameters on postbuckling behaviors of the CSPs were analyzed by finite element method. The numerical results show that the PBC of CSPs increases with the increase of face sheets thickness, core thickness and core shear modulus, but it is insensitive to the change of the side length ratio. The enhancement of core shear strength can increase the PBC of CSPs and change the failure mode, but it is found there is a threshold value, beyond which, the PBC will no longer or slightly increases with the increase of core shear strength. The failure of CSPs is mainly determined by the tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. Finally, a parameter selection optimization approach is proposed to effectively improve the PBC of CSPs under axial compression.
Implementation of a Customized Tertiary Analysis Platform for the Reporting of Somatic Variants
Authors: Schilter Kala F , Dubay Sarah , Stachowiak Matt , Kaplan Alysia , Stauffenger Abby , Reddi Honey V
Published: June 2023

Precision medicine for oncology requires the evaluation of variants identified in molecular profiling of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. This includes evaluation of pre-analytical and postanalytical quality metrics, variant interpretation, classification, and tiering as outlined in established guidelines, association with clinical significance such as FDA approved drugs and clinical trials, and finally comprehensive reporting. This study documents our experience with the customization and implementation of a software platform that facilitates these requirements for effective reporting of somatic variants.
Numerical analysis of the effect of texture on the steady-state characteristics of tilting pad journal bearings
Authors: Wei Bin , Jiao Yinghou
Published: June 2023

This work aims to study the effect of semi-ellipsoid texture on the bearing load capacity and maximum oil film temperature of tilting pad journal bearings. It has been shown that surface texture can improve the steady-state performance of bearings, but there are few studies on tilting pad journal bearings. A thermal elastohydrodynamic model of tilting pad journal bearings have been developed to support the analysis and solved by the finite difference method. The calculation results of the model are in good agreement with the simulation results of MADYN 2000 software, which proves the validity of the model. The effects of texture distribution, depth, radius, and density on the characteristics of tilting pad journal bearings were studied and compared with those of untextured tilting pad journal bearings. The results show that texture can significantly enhance or weaken the steady-state characteristics of tilting pad journal bearings, which is related to the texture parameters. This work provides a reference for the design of tilting pad journal bearings.
Participatory conspiracy culture: Believing, doubting and playing with conspiracy theories on Reddit
Authors: de Wildt Lars , Aupers Stef
Published: June 2023

The popularization and normalization of conspiracy theories over the last decade are accompanied by concerns over conspiracy theories as irrational beliefs, on the one hand; and their advocates as radical and extremist believers on the other hand. Building on studies emphasizing that such accounts are one-sided at best, and pars pro toto stigmatizations at worst; we propose to study what we call “ participatory conspiracy culture”—the everyday, mundane online debates about conspiracy theories. Based on a 6-month ethnography on Reddit’s r/conspiracy subreddit, an analysis of 242 selected discussions, and supported by digital methods tool 4CAT, this article addresses the question of how people participate in online conspiracy culture. It shows that among the plethora of conspiracy theories discussed online, discussions are heterogeneous, and their participants relate to each other primarily through conflict. Three epistemological positions occur: belief (particularly leading to constant discreditation of others’ beliefs), doubt (particularly as opposed to belief), and play (particularly with the fun of entertaining conspiracy theories without taking them too seriously). We conclude that the participatory conspiracy culture of r/conspiracy is not a homogenous echo chamber of radical belief, but a heterogeneous participatory culture in which belief is fundamentally contested, rather than embraced.
The exposition of rape in Cyprus: From the crime scene to the court room
Authors: Constantinou Angelo
Published: June 2023

This paper constitutes the first attempt to explore the act of rape in Cyprus. It delineates the nexus between victims of rape and offenders, as well as the circumstances in which the two converge. Also, it explores the legal backdrop against which rape court cases are dealt with by the local judiciary. For achieving this, 58 court cases (spanning from 2000 to 2020) are analysed. Findings underpin that female rapes in Cyprus do not markedly diverge from rapes occurring in offshore milieus. Also, although domestic statutory law on rape has long set aside the element of force, case law still carries remnants of judicial bias to that end.
Design and execution of welded connections on high-strength steels
Authors: Stroetmann Richard Maria , Kästner Thoralf , Rust Brian
Published: June 2023

As the strength of steels increases, it becomes more and more difficult to produce welded connections whose mechanical-technological properties correspond to those of the base material. The choice of welding process, filler materials and temperature control are of great importance for the connection properties. This concerns not only the weld seam itself but also the heat-affected zone. Especially in the case of high-strength fine-grain steels with low carbon content, where the strength properties are specifically adjusted by a combination of alloying concepts and heat treatment, and if necessary, rolling at defined temperatures, the importance of softening the heat-affected zone (HAZ) increases. This article gives an overview about current manufacturing processes of high-strength fine-grained structural steels and summarizes normative and manufacturer-related specifications for their welding processing. The influence of the cooling time on the mechanical properties of the HAZ and the weld metal is clarified, and possible failure modes of welded connections with softening of the HAZ are described. Finally, the future European design rules for welded connections are explained and a newly developed design model is presented.
Effects of the COVID-19-induced lockdown period on general well-being, perceived stress and activity levels in the Faroe Islands
Authors: Honnudóttir Vár , Veyhe Anna Sofía , Mohr Monika , Strøm Marin , Mohr Magni
Published: June 2023

Aims:

Detrimental effects on health and well-being were reported during the COVID-19-induced lockdown periods in several countries, but these associations have not been studied in small-scale island societies. This study aimed to examine the lockdown period’s impact on general well-being, perceived stress and activity levels in the Faroe Islands.

Methods:

We used cross-sectional data from two extensive population-based surveys of the general health conducted in November 2019 (the pre-COVID survey; n=2906), and four to six weeks into the first national lockdown (the lockdown survey; n=1204).

Results:

A larger proportion of participants in the lockdown survey versus pre-COVID survey displayed excellent/very good self-rated health (68.1% vs. 62.0%; p<0.001), and the same pattern was observed for reporting good quality of life (85.7% vs. 82.7%; p<0.05). These associations remained statistically significant in a logistic regression model after adjusting for characteristics for which varying impact of the pandemic has been shown. Indicators of health behaviour showed that larger proportions of participants kept active during the lockdown survey versus pre-COVID survey, and these differences were statistically significant for physical, mental and spiritual activities ( p<0.001). On the other hand, similar stress levels in the pre-COVID/lockdown periods were observed, but stratified analysis showed that participants with a high-stress level displayed better self-rated health in the lockdown period compared to the pre-COVID period ( p=0.001).

Conclusions:

Findings indicate that self-reported health and quality of life improved during the early phase of the COVID lockdown, and individuals reported higher activity levels associated with good mental health during the COVID-19-induced lockdown period.
An Integrated Behavioral-Neuropsychiatric Treatment Plan Reduces Severe Challenging Behavior in an Adolescent With Neurobehavioral Complications of Neonatal Brain Injury
Authors: Langone Serra , Dever Kristen , Ricciardi Joseph N. , Sherak Donald L.
Published: June 2023

We present the case of a 15-year-old adolescent boy with a neurobehavioral disorder who experienced a brain injury during the first month of life. The forms of challenging behaviors were severe and included aggression, property destruction, volitional incontinence, and suicidal statements, and had resulted in two psychiatric hospitalizations and multiple emergency evaluations prior to intervention. The intervention was preceded by a functional behavior assessment suggesting that a differential reinforcement intervention could be designed to minimize reinforcement of challenging behaviors while maximizing reinforcement of adaptive, positive behaviors. The intervention was introduced following the baseline phase and there was an immediate decrease in the rate of challenging behaviors and in the utilization of emergency psychiatric services. Improvements continued for 6 weeks, after which a medication was added to promote sleep onset (to decrease sleep onset latency) along with behavioral guidelines, which led to further improvements for an additional 12 weeks. A follow-up phase of 3 months showed sustained results. The study illustrates the value of an integrated approach utilizing applied behavior analysis and sequenced neuropsychiatry, and a neurobehavioral formulation where components of the participant’s brain injury history are integrated with an operant formulation as circumstances that explain the problem behavior while effectively suggesting strategies for behavioral treatment. Because the intervention was implemented by support staff in a group home, it illustrates the ability of support staff to work therapeutically with severe behavior presentations using structured behavioral interventions.
Preparation, crystal structure, time-dependent density theory and properties of a novel organic-inorganic hybrid up-conversion luminescence tetranuclear complex
Authors: Zeng Wen-Quan , Huang Wei , He Chuan-Hui , Zou Rong , Jin Wei-Kang , Yi Xiu-Guang , Yang Kun-Zhong
Published: June 2023

A novel up-conversion luminescence tetranuclear sodium complex [Na4(5-(carboxymethyl 2-oxo-propyl) amino isophthalic acid)(H2O)9] is synthesized by a solvothermal reaction, and its crystal structure is determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title complex crystallizes as a triclinic system with the P [Formula: see text] space group and exists as an isolated tetranuclear complex. Numerous intermolecular hydrogen bonds and van der waals forces form a three-dimensional supramolecular network. Solid-state diffuse reflectance data show that there is a wide optical band gap of 2.91 eV. The solid-state photoluminescence spectrum reveals that the complex shows an up-conversion emission in the blue region of the light spectrum. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations reveal that this emission can be attributed to ligand-to-ligand charge transfer.
Relative energy deficiency in sport and the role of ultrarunning coaches according to two female ultrarunners
Authors: Stewart Douglas G , Allen Justine B , Kirkland Andrew
Published: June 2023

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) is a complex syndrome that occurs as a result of prolonged Low Energy Availability (LEA) leading to health and performance impairments. However, whilst the coach plays an important role when working with athletes with RED-S, no research exists specifically exploring their role. Therefore, this study investigates the role of the coach from the athletes’ perspective within an ultrarunning context. Ultrarunners are at risk of LEA due to large training volumes and record high incidences of psychological and physiological conditions linked to RED-S, such as disordered eating and bone stress injuries. Two female ultrarunners who had experience with RED-S each participated in three semi-structured interviews. The findings highlight the multifaceted role of the coach which changes depending on the stage of the athletes’ RED-S Journey. Of primary importance was that the coach should be educated on RED-S in order to provide value throughout. Secondly, for effective recovery, the coach should embrace working with a multidisciplinary support team of experts. Thirdly, the coach should actively work on establishing strong relationships with the athlete and their support network. This will propagate trust and honest conversations, a key requirement for recovery from, and ongoing training post, RED-S.
Comparison of Return-to-Sports Rates Between Male and Female Australian Athletes After ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Klemm Haydn J. , Feller Julian A. , Webster Kate E.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Return to sports (RTS) is a goal for most patients who undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Although it has been reported that women RTS at a significantly lower rate compared with men, demographic and contextual factors that may be associated with this have not been investigated.

Purpose:

To compare RTS rates between men and women and investigate factors that may be associated with different rates of RTS in an Australian context.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 1338 patients who underwent primary ACLR between January 2014 and December 2017 were invited to complete a detailed sports participation questionnaire 2 to 7 years after surgery. RTS rates were calculated and compared between men and women overall and after stratifying by age at surgery (<20, 20-29, 30-39, or ≥40 years) and geographical location (metropolitan or rural). Contingency analysis was performed to compare factors associated with rates of RTS.

Results:

The survey completion rate was 81% (1080/1338). Overall, women had a significantly lower RTS rate compared with men (65.4% vs 74.9%; P = .001). However, when patients were grouped by age, the lower rate of RTS for women was significant only in the 20- to 29-year age group ( P = .01). For athletes who returned to sports, there was no sex-based difference when comparing the levels of RTS. When grouping patients based on geographical location, there was a significantly lower rate of RTS in metropolitan-based women compared with metropolitan-based men ( P < .001) and rural-based women ( P = .042).

Conclusion:

Although women returned to sports at a lower rate than men overall, this difference was predominantly seen in the 20- to 29-year age bracket and in those who lived in metropolitan areas. There was no difference between men and women regarding the RTS level.
Landing Posture in Elite Female Athletes During a Drop Vertical Jump Before and After a High-Intensity Ergometer Fatigue Protocol: A Study of 20 Japanese Women’s Soccer League Players
Authors: Kamitani Aguri , Hara Kunio , Fujii Yuta , Yoshida Shohei
Published: June 2023

Background:

Even elite athletes, who usually show stable postural control, sometimes cannot control their posture after high-load training. This instability may contribute to anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the landing posture of elite female soccer players before and after a novel high-intensity fatigue-inducing exercise protocol. We hypothesized that the landing posture will change before versus after the fatigue protocol.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Method:

The study participants were 20 female elite soccer players. All athletes performed 3 drop vertical jumps (DVJs), pedaled an ergometer 8 times with full force for 10 seconds each (fatigue protocol), and then repeated the 3 DVJs. We measured and compared the athletes’ blood lactate levels before and after the fatigue protocol, as well as the hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion angles and final landing posture during the DJVs.

Results:

Blood lactate levels increased significantly pre- to postprotocol (from 2.7 ± 1.9 to 15.0 ± 3.6 mmol/L; P < .001), while there were decreases in hip flexion angle (from 35.0° ± 11.2° to 22.4° ± 8.8°; P < .001) and ankle dorsiflexion angle (from 26.4° ± 3.9° to 20.0° ± 3.7°; P < .001). The number of athletes who could not maintain a stable DVJ final landing posture increased from 10% before the fatigue protocol to 70% after.

Conclusion:

The elite female athletes in our study showed significant decreases in hip flexion and ankle dorsiflexion angles in the DVJ landing after a fatigue-inducing protocol. Most elite athletes were unable to maintain a stable posture on the DVJ landing after the fatigue protocol.

Clinical Relevance:

This study advances our understanding of how elite athletes land in a fatigued state.
Understanding the Challenges Faced by Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer Survivors
Authors: McGillivray Erin , Jain Rishi , Ramamurthy Chethan , Sheng Jennifer Y. , Granina Evgenia , Yu Daohai , Lu Xiaoning , Abbas Abbas E. , Dotan Efrat , Meyer Joshua E. , Fang Carolyn Y. , Denlinger Crystal S.
Published: June 2023

The primary aim of this study is to characterize long-term quality of life (QOL) in patients with esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (EGEJ) cancers who underwent curative intent treatment. EGEJ survivors were recruited to participate in a one-time cross-sectional survey study using validated questionnaires assessing QOL. Chart review was conducted for patient demographics and clinical characteristics. Spearman correlation coefficients, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Fisher's exact test were used to assess relationships between patient characteristics and long-term outcomes. QOL was relatively high in this sample, as evidenced by high median scores on the functional scales and low median scores in the symptom domains of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)-C30, with an overall median global health score of 75.0 (range 66.7-83.3). Patients using opiates at the time of survey reported lower role functioning ( P  =  .004), social functioning ( P  =  .052), and overall global health ( P  =  .041). Younger patients had significantly higher rates of reflux ( P  =  .019), odynophagia ( P  =  .045), choking ( P  =  .005), and cough ( P  =  .007). Patients using opiates or of younger age had lower QOL and higher symptoms in this cohort of long-term EGEJ survivors.
A Longitudinal Pilot Study of Stress and Sleep in First-Year Osteopathic Medical Students
Authors: Pattanaik Sambit , Fastring Danielle , Bateman Robert C.
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE

Poor sleep quality is thought to be a contributor to medical student stress. The authors evaluated the effect of high and low periods of academic stress on sleep quality and quantity in first-year medical students.

METHODS

A group of 25 students in their first year of medical school were provided Fitbit Charge 3 activity trackers for continual use and were surveyed at 4 intervals to assess stress level, sleep quantity, and sleep quality. Fitbit data were collected through the Fitbit mobile app and uploaded to the Fitabase (Small Steps Labs, LLC) server. Data collection times were scheduled around the academic exam schedule. Weeks in which testing occurred were identified as high-stress periods. Results from assessments were compared to nontesting periods of low stress.

RESULTS

During stressful periods, students slept an average of one hour less per 24-h period, took more naps, and reported poorer sleep quality than during the low-stress periods. No significant change was seen in the 4 surveyed intervals in sleep efficiency or sleep stages.

CONCLUSION

Students slept less and had poorer quality sleep in their main sleep event during stressful periods but attempted to compensate with increased napping and weekend catchup sleep. The objective Fitbit activity tracker data were consistent with and validated the self-reported survey data. Activity trackers could potentially be used to optimize the efficiency and quality of both student napping and main sleep events as one component of a stress reduction program for medical students.
Analytical study for the selection of mask size and shape for obtaining high machining quality of complex features
Authors: Singh Gaganpreet , Sharma Bhawandeep , Kumar Raj , Ramkumar J. , Ramakrishna S. A.
Published: June 2023

In this article, an analytical study of the effect of the shape and size of the mask on the machining quality of complex shapes has been carried out. For this study, we considered square and circular masks of varying sizes with varying overlap for the machining of square, inclined, and circular features. Mask size varied from 1 to 20 mm, while overlap varied from 10% to 90%. The machining quality of the aforementioned features was evaluated by studying the unmachined area “An” (in the machining zone) and the machining time “Tm.” For machining a similar feature, it was observed that the square mask performed much better than the circular mask in minimizing the machining time. However, the circular mask is much more suitable for minimizing the unmachined area. For validation, the experiment was conducted to machine the inclined lines with square and circular shape masks with varying overlap percentages. The experimental results were found to be in good agreement with the analytically obtained results, with an error of 2.5%. This study is relevant for the industrial-scale manufacturing of complicated features using the mask projection approach in laser machining.
Perceived Risk Factors and Preventive Measures for Suicide in Lesbian and Gay Youth
Authors: Saha Apurba , Marbaniang Mona Alice , Kakoty Monikornika , Barooah Samhita
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Suicide is a major public health issue. The WHO included the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations among the vulnerable groups of highest risk of suicide. This study, therefore, seeks to bring out the risk factors and preventive measures of suicide among the lesbian and gay youth.

Methods:

The study used descriptive study design with a quantitative method. The inclusion criteria include lesbian and gay youth between the age group of 22 and 25 years and pursuing Master’s degree. Through purposive sampling technique, 40 participants were selected. A structured interview schedule was constructed for this study. It was administered to understand the perceptions of participants on the risk factors and preventive measures.

Results:

The analysis revealed that majority of the participants agreed that lack of support, societal stigma, etc, are risks factors that may lead to suicide amongst the lesbian and gay youth, and majority participants also agree that certain preventive measures can be adopted to reduce the risk of suicide.

Conclusions:

Findings of the analysis highlighted differences in the characteristics of suicide among the lesbian and gay youth. Suicide prevention efforts and actions must be taken sensitively and culturally for the sexual minority populations.
Leader group prototypicality and supervisor's organizational embodiment: A response to critique
Authors: van Knippenberg Daan , Lee Diana
Published: June 2023

In a recent study, van Knippenberg and Lee concluded that supervisor's organizational embodiment (SOE) is another name for leader group prototypicality (LGP) and that given LGP's primacy in time and research presence, the field should forego the SOE label and refer to the construct as LGP. In a commentary on that study, Gonzales-Morales, Stinglhamber, Neves, and Becker criticized our conclusions. In this essay, we respond to their criticism. We agree that more evidence allows for stronger conclusions (one of their points of critique). Most of their critique, however, is grounded in misrepresentation of the social identity theory of leadership, the research concerning the theory, and the publication history of LGP and SOE. We conclude that the van Knippenberg and Lee conclusions stand as strong as before.
Backbone curve variations on steel building seismic response
Authors: Maison Bruce , Speicher Matthew S. , Lignos Dimitrios
Published: June 2023

A 4-story steel moment-frame building designed according to ASCE 7 was used in a numerical parameter study to assess the effects of modeling features on peak drift demands. Features studied included strength, stiffness, ductility, and degradation along with several hysteretic models. Attention was given to ASCE 41-type backbone curves. Of particular interest was exploring the effects of degradation, in which an adaptive backbone curve was used to capture both in-cycle and cyclic degradations. Incremental dynamic analyses (IDAs) were performed using a suite of earthquake records to assess the response over a range of shaking intensities. It was found that in-cycle degradation had more influence on the response compared to cyclic degradation for the set of ground motion records that were employed. Moreover, use of the monotonic backbone alone, with its in-cycle degradation, was sufficient. In addition, it was found that increasing strength, stiffness, and/or ductility resulted in decreased peak drift demands, whereas modifying the hysteretic type (elasto-plastic, stiffness-degrading, and pinching) had little effect on peak drifts. These findings indicate that using backbone curves based on envelopes of first-cycle test data, as done in ASCE 41, can result in overly conservative seismic response predictions.