bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus with QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube among highly TB exposed gold miners in South Africa
Authors: Ntshiqa Thobani , Chihota Violet , Mansukhani Raoul , Nhlangulela Lindiwe , Velen Kavindhran , Charalambous Salome , Maenetje Pholo , Hawn Thomas R. , Wallis Robert , Grant Alison D. , Fielding Katherine , Churchyard Gavin
Published: April 2022

Background: QuantiFERON-TB-Gold-in-tube (QFT-GIT) is an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) used to diagnose latent tuberculosis infection. Limited data exists on performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold-Plus (QFT-Plus), a next generation of IGRA that includes an additional antigen tube 2 (TB2) while excluding TB7.7 from antigen tube 1 (TB1), to measure TB specific CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes responses. We compared the performance of QFT-Plus with QFT-GIT among highly TB exposed goldminers in South Africa.

Methods: We enrolled HIV-negative goldminers in South Africa, aged ≥33 years with no prior history of TB disease or evidence of silicosis. Blood samples were collected for QFT-GIT and QFT-Plus. QFT-GIT was considered positive if TB1 tested positive; while QFT-Plus was positive if both or either TB1 or TB2 tested positive, as per manufacturer's recommendations. We compared the performance of QFT-Plus with QFT-GIT using Cohen’s Kappa. To assess the specific contribution of CD8+ T-cells, we used TB2−TB1 differential values as an indirect estimate. A cut-off value was set at 0.6. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with having TB2-TB1>0.6 difference on QFT-Plus.

Results: Of 349 enrolled participants, 304 had QFT-Plus and QFT-GIT results: 205 (68%) were positive on both assays; 83 (27%) were negative on both assays while 16 (5%) had discordant results. Overall, there was 94.7% (288/304) agreement between QFT-Plus and QFT-GIT (Kappa = 0.87). 214 had positive QFT-Plus result, of whom 202 [94.4%, median interquartile range (IQR): 3.06 (1.31, 7.00)] were positive on TB1 and 205 [95.8%, median (IQR): 3.25 (1.53, 8.02)] were positive on TB2. A TB2-TB1>0.6 difference was observed in 16.4% (35/214), with some evidence of a difference by BMI; 14.9% (7/47), 9.8% (9/92) and 25.3% (19/75) for BMI of 18.5-24.9, 18.5-25 and >30 kg/m2, respectively (P=0.03).

Conclusion: In a population of HIV-negative goldminers, QFT-Plus showed high agreement with QFT-GIT, suggesting similar performance.
The role of intermediaries in connecting community-dwelling adults to local physical activity and sport: A scoping review protocol
Authors: O'Grady Megan , Barrett Emer , Broderick Julie , Connolly Deirdre
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Physical inactivity is a major global issue affecting health. Promoting, supporting and encouraging physical activity amongst community-dwelling adults is essential, especially in primary care services where the majority of healthcare contacts take place. An intermediary, a professional who supports individuals to connect with appropriate community and voluntary services with the goal of improving health and wellbeing, may be a promising method to establish a connection to local physical activity; however the process has been poorly described to date.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review will be to identify and summarise the literature describing the process of connecting community-dwelling adults to an intermediary, the processes (role, practice and procedure) of an intermediary in connecting these adults to local physical activity and sport opportunities, and to map these processes of connection to outcomes.

Methods: This scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the scoping review methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. A comprehensive search strategy will identify relevant studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science and CINAHL, along with a structured grey literature search. Studies which describe an intermediary connecting community-dwelling adults (aged ≥18 years) to a local physical activity and/or sport opportunity or other similar resource will be included. Data will be charted and narratively summarised. Intermediary processes will be mapped to outcomes related to physical activity, and the PAGER (patterns, advances, gaps, evidence for practice and research recommendations) framework will be used to identify evidence gaps and research recommendations.

Conclusions: This scoping review will be the first to describe the process of an intermediary connecting community dwelling adults to local physical activity. This review will identify, map and summarise the existing research on the processes and outcomes. The results will also identify any evidence gaps and will guide future research.
Mathematical model of radiation energy absorption by multilayer structure and solution by grid method
Authors: Chubur K. , Strukov I. , Evdokimova Svetlana , Volkov Vladimir , Platonov Aleksey , Cherkasov Oleg , Chevychelov Yu.
Published: April 2022

When studying the radiation effect on microcircuits, the problem arises of calculating the absorbed energy. Often it comes down to determining the radiation resistance of microcircuits. However, in some cases it is necessary to determine the distribution of temperature and voltage in the chip housings. To do this, it is necessary to get an accurate picture of how the radiation energy was absorbed in each layer, depending on the coordinate. The paper considers the solution of this problem by the grid method, which allows us to calculate the energy absorption at each point of the multilayer structure. To do this, the placement of the chip in a three-dimensional coordinate system is considered, its multilayer structure is divided into nodes, in each of which the absorbed dose is calculated. The presented mathematical model describes the processes of absorption and attenuation of the intensity of the energy flow of -quanta. The model takes into account the processes associated with the transfer of energy between the regions for the photoelectric effect and the Compton effect. The proposed method is implemented programmatically, and the paper presents the results of calculating the absorbed dose in each layer of a multilayer structure. The advantage of the developed model and the method of its solution is to obtain the dose value at each point of the multilayer structure depending on the coordinates.
New Problems of Descriptive Geometry. Continuation
Authors: Girsh A.
Published: April 2022

Complex geometry is a synthesis of Euclidean E-geometry (circle geometry) and pseudo-Euclidean M-geometry (hyperbola geometry). Each of them individually defines a non-closed system in which a correctly posed problem may not give a solution. Analytical geometry represents a closed system. In it, a correctly posed problem always gives solutions in the form of complex numbers, for each of which, one of the parts may be equal to zero. Finding imaginary solutions and imaginary figures formed by a set of such solutions is a new problem in descriptive geometry. Degenerated conics and quadrics, or curves and surfaces of higher orders, constitute a new class of figures and a new class of problems in descriptive geometry. For example, null-circle, null-sphere, null-cylinder, null-torus. In this paper the problem for studying the shape of second (conics, quadrics), third (conoid), and fourth (torus) order figures is posed. The latest suggest a meeting with new geometric properties of figures. Geometric operations are still immersed in the complex space E + M or real - imaginary. The examples under consideration continue a series of degenerated figures in which the null-circle splits into isotropic lines. Isotropic lines are taken as generators of surfaces. They form a cone of revolution and a hyperbolic paraboloid (an oblique plane).
Renewable energy sources in transnational cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region
Authors: Studzieniecki Tomasz , Palmowski Tadeusz
Published: April 2022

The implementation of the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region has made the use of renewable energy sources a priority. The Region has always been economically and ecologically very diverse. The development of transnational cooperation became an opportunity to bridge the existing disparities and support renewable energy development. The aim of the article is to answer the question how the transnational cooperation implemented under the EU Cohesion Policy could contribute to BSR energy transition. The authors elaborated a research model, which presents a sequence of activities. The research used secondary sources, including KEEP data. EU. EUROSTAT, EUSBSR. The article examined the cooperation carried out within 41 projects financed under seven territorial cooperation programs in the BSR in the period 2000-2020. The research results are presented in terms of the subject, subject and space with the visualization made on the basis of NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 units
An Incentive Mechanism for Private Parking-Sharing Programs in an Imperfect Information Setting
Authors: Yan Pengyu , Cai Xiaoqiang , Chu Feng , Ni Debing , He Heng
Published: April 2022

This paper proposes a matching-and-pricing mechanism for a drivers’ demand-reporting problem in parking-sharing programs in which owners share their private parking slots with drivers. We generate a driver-slot matching solution by a centralized assignment procedure according to the demand and supply information reported by drivers and owners, respectively, and determine truth-telling pricing by the Vickrey-Clark-Grove mechanism. We show that under the assumption that drivers do not know with certainty whether other drivers will show up to compete for the parking slots, the mechanism proposed in this paper induces drivers to truthfully report their private information of the travel plans and guarantees three other desirable properties: participation of drivers and slot owners, optimal system efficiency, and balance of the system’s budget. We further extend these results to two dynamic situations. Finally, the results of the numerical experiments based on real-world data demonstrate the performance of the mechanism.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science Special Issue on Innovation in Transportation-Enabled Urban Services.

Funding: This work was partially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71972026, 72192805, and 71971044], the Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China [Grant 20&ZD084], and the Leading Talent Program of Guangdong Province [Grant 2016LJ06D703].

Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2022.0303 .
Livro dos trabalhos completos: encontro conjunto Pibid e RP do Estado do Rio Janeiro
Authors: Machado Alan Freitas , de Souza Marcele Câmara , Petito Priscila Cardoso
Published: April 2022

Este livro reúne as pesquisas e relatos de experiências, bem como os resumos dos produtos educacionais, apresentados no II Encontro Conjunto Pibid e RP do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (II EC Pibid-RP RJ), na perspectiva de dar visibilidade e socializar as discussões e ações desenvolvidas no âmbito do Pibid e do RP no Rio de Janeiro, permitindo que as trocas realizadas durante o evento sejam estendidas e as ideias multiplicadas.
How the COVID-19 pandemic has affected obesity levels and how liraglutide may play a role in its control
Authors: Fromage Gemma
Published: April 2022

In March 2020, the UK Government introduced formal social lockdown measures to restrict the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Both the lockdowns and the pandemic have had considerable social and health consequences beyond the direct death toll attributable to COVID-19. One of the secondary effects of COVID-19 and lockdown is increased levels of obesity. The most common and convenient measurement of obesity that is currently used is body mass index (BMI), with a BMI over 30 being classed as obese.

Excess weight is one of the few modifiable factors for COVID-19 and, as such, achieving a healthier weight is crucial to keep the nation fit and well as we move forward. There are many ways in which weight may be controlled or managed, from exercise, diet and nutrition, to surgery to medication. Liraglutide is the drug that is commonly known as Saxenda®. It may be prescribed for individuals with a BMI of 30kg/m2 or more or those with a BMI of 27kg/m2 who have another weight-related illness, such as high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes or dyslipidemia. It has a number of cautions and contraindications, and the side effects experienced are generally gastrointestinal-related. As with many weight management programmes, Saxenda works in conjunction with a reduced calorie diet and an increase in physical activity.
A qualitative study exploring clinicians’ views on clinical trials in thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Dean Benjamin J. F. , Srikesavan Cynthia , Horton Robin , Toye Francine
Published: April 2022

Aims

Osteoarthritis (OA) affecting the thumb carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) is a common painful condition. In this study, we aimed to explore clinicians’ approach to management with a particular focus on the role of specific interventions that will inform the design of future clinical trials.

Methods

We interviewed a purposive sample of 24 clinicians, consisting of 12 surgeons and 12 therapists (four occupational therapists and eight physiotherapists) who managed patients with CMCJ OA. This is a qualitative study using semi-structured, online interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

A total of 14 themes were developed, six of which were developed relating to the clinical management of CMCJ OA: 1) A flexible ‘ladder’ approach starting with conservative treatment first; 2) The malleable role of steroid injection; 3) Surgery as an invasive and risky last resort; 4) A shared and collaborative approach; 5) Treating the whole person; and 6) Severity of life impact influences treatment. The remaining eight themes were developed relating to clinical trial barriers and facilitators: 1) We need to embrace uncertainty; 2) You are not losing out by taking part; 3) It is difficult to be neutral about certain treatments; 4) Difficult to recruit to ‘no treatment’ ; 5) Difficult to recruit to a trial comparing no surgery to surgery; 6) Patients are keen to participate in research; 7) Burden on staff and participants; and 8) A enthusiasm for a variety of potential trial arms.

Conclusion

Our findings contribute to a better understanding of how clinicians manage thumb CMCJ OA in their practice settings. Our study also provides useful insights informing the design of randomized clinical trials involving steroid injections and surgery in people with thumb CMCJ OA. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(4):321–331.
The impact of direct democracy on policy change: insights from European citizens’ initiatives
Authors: Tosun Jale , Béland Daniel , Papadopoulos Yannis
Published: April 2022

Scholarship about both politics and policy tends to represent tools of direct democracy as veto points that are used to prevent policy change. In this study, we move beyond this unidimensional view and explain the conditions under which instruments of direct democracy can be conducive to policy change. We investigate both the direct and indirect effects of citizens’ initiatives to show that, under certain conditions, these can provide an opportunity for incremental yet potentially transformative policy change. We offer a systematic and comparative assessment of the policy effects generated by a set of European Citizens’ Initiatives (ECIs). ECIs provide an ideal setting for uncovering the potential indirect policy effects since they are not legally binding. Interestingly, some ECIs had tangible effects on EU policies, and these effects materialised over time and at different levels of the EU’s political system, and can be regarded as building blocks for potentially transformative policy change.
The life experience of leprosy families in maintaining interaction patterns in the family to support healing in leprosy patients in Indonesian society. A phenomenological qualitative study
Authors: Nasir Abd , Yusuf Ah , Listiawan Muhammad Yulianto , Makhfudli Makhfudli
Published: April 2022

Background

Family involvement in overcoming the severity of leprosy is very important in the life of leprosy sufferers in communities who experience the clinical and, psychological, social and behavioral consequences of the disease. However, this need, psychosocial, is felt to be not optimal. This study is to identify how the experiences of family members as caregivers provide assistance to individuals with leprosy in improving healing and maintaining patterns of interaction in the family.

Methods

The design uses qualitative research with in-depth, face-to-face interviews with family members in a semi-structured manner with the hope of obtaining complete data. Using purposive sampling with Participatory Interpretative Phenomenology analysis, there are 12 families with 15 family members consisting of 4 men and 11 women.

Results

This study produced a family theme that tried to follow what would happen to individuals with leprosy, with four sub-categories: 1) Using various coping alternatives to recognize the disease, 2) Family members in the shadow of leprosy, 3) Trying to empathize with other family members. sick, 4) Caring for the emotional response of the family and seeking support.

Conclusions

This analysis shows that deficiency in cognitive aspects can be closed by maintaining a lifestyle in the family through efforts to understand, support, establish communication, increase maximum involvement in restoring self-confidence, especially in individuals with leprosy with psychosocial problems in the family. The results of this study can be used as psychosocial support in maintaining communication between family members to support treatment programs and accelerate the recovery of leprosy.
Explainable death toll motion modeling: COVID-19 data-driven narratives
Authors: Veloso Adriano , Ziviani Nivio
Published: April 2022

Models have gained the spotlight in many discussions surrounding COVID-19. The urgency for timely decisions resulted in a multitude of models as informed policy actions must be made even when so many uncertainties about the pandemic still remain. In this paper, we use machine learning algorithms to build intuitive country-level COVID-19 motion models described by death toll velocity and acceleration. Model explainability techniques provide insightful data-driven narratives about COVID-19 death toll motion models—while velocity is explained by factors that are increasing/reducing death toll pace now, acceleration anticipates the effects of public health measures on slowing the death toll pace. This allows policymakers and epidemiologists to understand factors driving the outbreak and to evaluate the impacts of different public health measures.
Efficacy and cost of acoustic-informed and wind speed-only turbine curtailment to reduce bat fatalities at a wind energy facility in Wisconsin
Authors: Rabie Paul A. , Welch-Acosta Brandi , Nasman Kristen , Schumacher Susan , Schueller Steve , Gruver Jeffery
Published: April 2022

Current research estimates hundreds of thousands of turbine-related bat fatalities in North America annually. In an effort to reduce impacts of wind energy production on bat populations, many facilities implement operational curtailment strategies that limit turbine blade rotation during conditions when nighttime wind speeds are low. Incorporating real-time bat activity data into wind speed-only curtailment (WOC) strategies may increase operational flexibility by allowing turbines to operate normally when bats are not present near turbines. We evaluated costs and benefits of implementing the Turbine Integrated Mortality Reduction (TIMR) system, an approach that informs a curtailment-triggering algorithm based on wind speed and real-time bat acoustic data, compared to a WOC strategy in which turbines were curtailed below 4.5 meters per second (m/s) at a wind energy facility in Fond Du Lac County, Wisconsin. TIMR is a proprietary system and we had no access to the acoustic data or bat call analysis software. Operational parameters for the TIMR system were set to allow curtailment at all wind speeds below 8.0 m/s during the study period when bats were acoustically detected. Overall, the TIMR system reduced fatalities by 75% compared to control turbines, while the WOC strategy reduced fatalities by 47%. An earlier analysis of the same TIMR data neglected to account for carcasses occurring outside the plot boundary and estimated an 84.5% fatality reduction due to the TIMR system. Over the study period, bat activity led to curtailment of TIMR turbines during 39.4% of nighttime hours compared to 31.0% of nighttime hours for WOC turbines, and revenue losses were approximately 280% as great for TIMR turbines as for turbines operated under the WOC strategy. The large cost difference between WOC and TIMR was driven by the 4.5 m/s versus 8.0 m/s wind speed thresholds for curtailment, but our study site has a relatively low average wind speed, which may also have contributed; other wind operators considering the TIMR system will need to consider their ability to absorb production losses in relation to their need to reduce bat fatality rates.
INTERVENÇÕES FARMACÊUTICAS PARA A PROMOÇÃO DO USO RACIONAL DE MEDICAMENTOS EM HOSPITAIS: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Andrade Almeida Jullye Christye , Freitas de Andrade Kaio Vinicius
Published: April 2022

A prática da farmácia clínica é de extrema importância no âmbito hospitalar, tendo em vista a alta demanda de prescrição de medicamentos nesse cenário. Deste modo, intervenções farmacêuticas (IF) podem efetivamente contribuir para otimização da farmacoterapia e uso racional dos medicamentos (URM). O objetivo foi analisar intervenções farmacêuticas em hospitais brasileiros, por meio de revisão integrativa. Buscas foram realizadas no Google Acadêmico durante os meses de setembro a outubro de 2021. Foram incluídos 27 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2001 a 2021. As IF de maior frequência foram: ajuste de dose; a mudança da via de administração; substituição do medicamento; a mudança de horário ou aprazamento; manejo de interações medicamentosas; ajuste na técnica de preparo de medicamentos. Verifi cou-se aceitabilidade das IF superior a 70% em mais de 60% dos estudos revisados. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a importância do farmacêutico clínico inserido de forma ativa em uma equipe multiprofi ssional. Para isso, é necessária constante atualização profissional visando a obtenção de resultados que contribuam para a melhora da farmacoterapia em hospitais.
FARMACOTERAPIA DA COVID-19: APLICAÇÃO DO REMDESIVIR IN VITRO E IN VIVO
Authors: Rezende Mariana de Almeida Rosa , Cordeiro Alice Ferreira , Sousa Andrey Paradela de , Silveira Isadora Valério da
Published: April 2022

O novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) é um patógeno causador da síndrome respiratória aguda grave em humanos (COVID-19). Sua eclosão envolveu o mundo de maneira repentina, levando a uma crise pandêmica global. Este artigo de revisão foi desenvolvido para avaliar as evidências e experiências existentes relacionadas a um agente farmacológico já aprovado, chamado remdesivir. As plataformas PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and SciELO foram utilizadas para pesquisar por combinações de palavras, como “COVID-19 AND Remdesivir” ou “SARS-CoV-2 AND Remdesivir”. Quatro revisores buscaram resultados de maneira independente e extraíram os dados dos estudos selecionados até março de 2021. O remdesivir demonstrou inibir o SARS-CoV-2 in vitro e in vivo, apresentando potencial terapêutico no tratamento de  pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19, embora tenha sido associado ao desenvolvimento de efeitos adversos.
Asymptotic mean-value formulas for solutions of general second-order elliptic equations
Authors: Blanc Pablo , Charro Fernando , Manfredi Juan J. , Rossi Julio D.
Published: April 2022

We obtain asymptotic mean-value formulas for solutions of second-order elliptic equations. Our approach is very flexible and allows us to consider several families of operators obtained as an infimum, a supremum, or a combination of both infimum and supremum, of linear operators. The families of equations that we consider include well-known operators such as Pucci, Issacs, and k-Hessian operators.
Das Bibliothekswesen im höchstgelegenen Staat der Welt – ein Überblick über Nepals Bibliothekslandschaft
Authors: Scheler Luisa
Published: April 2022

Über Nepals Bibliothekswesen ist im Allgemeinen recht wenig bekannt, die Informationslage schwierig. Im nachfolgenden Artikel soll das Bibliothekswesen eines der ärmsten Länder der Welt schlaglichthaft in den Bereichen der Öffentlichen und Wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken sowie der Bibliothekarischen Ausbildung und ausgewählter Akteure näher beleuchtet werden. Die Ausführungen sollen hierbei als Überblick dienen und sind keineswegs als vollständig anzusehen.
Impact of subspecialty consultations on diagnosis in the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Ramesh Sonali , Ayres Brennan , Eyck Patrick Ten , Dawson Jeffrey D. , Reisinger Heather Schacht , Singh Hardeep , Herwaldt Loreen A. , Cifra Christina L.
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Intensivists and subspecialists often collaborate in diagnosing patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Our objectives were to characterize critically ill children for whom subspecialty consultations were requested, describe consultation characteristics, and determine consultations’ impact on PICU diagnosis.

Methods

We performed a retrospective study using chart review in a single tertiary referral PICU including children admitted for acute illness. We collected data on patients with and without subspecialty consultations within the first three days of PICU admission and determined changes in PICU clinicians’ diagnostic evaluation or treatment after consultations.

Results

PICU clinicians requested 152 subspecialty consultations for 87 of 101 (86%) patients. Consultations were requested equally for assistance in diagnosis (65%) and treatment (66%). Eighteen of 87 (21%) patients with consultations had a change in diagnosis from PICU admission to discharge, 11 (61%) attributed to subspecialty input. Thirty-nine (45%) patients with consultations had additional imaging and/or laboratory testing and 48 (55%) had medication changes and/or a procedure performed immediately after consultation.

Conclusions

Subspecialty consultations were requested during a majority of PICU admissions. Consultations can influence the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill children. Future research should investigate PICU interdisciplinary collaborations, which are essential for teamwork in diagnosis.
Preparation and applications of hydrophilic quaternary ammonium salt type polymeric antistatic agents
Authors: Zhang Chenming , Cui Yihua , Lin Shiping , Guo Jianwei
Published: April 2022

A novel ammonium salt type polymeric antistatic agent (PDSH) was synthesized from methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, styrene, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate via radical polymerization. Antistatic poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene) (ABS)/PDSH composites were prepared by blending PDSH with ABS resin. The results showed that the surface resistivity of ABS/PDSH composites with PDSH addition decreased significantly. The surface resistivity of ABS/PDSH composites containing 20 wt% PDSH was around 109–1010 Ω, which was about 106 times lower than that of neat ABS. At the same time, ABS/PDSH composites had good thermal stability and hydrophilicity. The PDSH was more uniformly dispersed within the ABS resin and had less influence on the mechanical properties of the composites. With the demonstrated properties, the prepared copolymer PDSH can serve as a well-integrated antistatic agent and display potential for the antistatic treatment of ABS.
Foreign language ideology and American Sign Language in US public education
Authors: Rosen Russell Scott
Published: April 2022

American Sign Language has been used at schools and programs for signing deaf and hard of hearing students in US history. Recently, American Sign Language (ASL) was offered as a foreign language to students who speak and hear for foreign language credit at American secondary schools. The movement of the language from its place in deaf education to one of the foreign languages taught in public general education is due to changing ideologies about ASL as a language and as a foreign language. Studies in spoken foreign language ideologies in education presumed ties between languages and national and sub-national ethnic and migrant language groups. No national and sub-national ethnic and migrant language groups have sign language as their mother tongue or are dominated by a signing populace. It raises theoretical issues in foreign language ideology, education, and sign language. Theoretical implications of this study for foreign language ideologies in education are discussed.
General complex Lp
projection bodies and complex Lp
mixed projection bodies
Authors: Cheng Manli , Yang Wenjing , Zhou Yanping
Published: April 2022

Abardia and Bernig proposed the notions of complex projection body and complex mixed projection body. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of the general complex

L

p

{L}_{p}

projection body and complex

L

p

{L}_{p}

mixed projection body. Furthermore, we establish the Brunn-Minkowski-type inequalities for the general complex

L

p

{L}_{p}

projection bodies and the Aleksandrov-Fenchel-type inequalities for the general complex

L

p

{L}_{p}

mixed projection bodies.
Ghost Children: Delayed Personhood and Culture-specific Models of Infancy in Western Anatolia
Authors: Cveček Sabina , Schwall Christoph
Published: April 2022

Most societies view infants and partially children, up to a certain age, as not fully human beings and/or persons. This paper takes a longue durée perspective to examine built spaces shared by the living and dead infants during the four millennia (seventh to third millennium BC) in Anatolia. Evidence of infant burials within and around houses in several prehistoric periods and sites is analysed through a child-centred approach to mortuary remains, which does not equate adults with subadults or fully human with not fully human beings. This allows us to gain new perspectives of how age, age groups and infancy or childhood were perceived in prehistory. By perceiving houses as social spaces where ritual and non-ritual mimesis is embodied in shared practices and beliefs, where the material and social collide, rather than simply as signifiers of social units, we are better able to grasp subadult identities and decipher the personhood of infants and children through mortuary practices. Through our Anatolian case study, we provide socio-anthropological explanations for keeping the ‘ghost children’, buried close to houses, due to delayed personhood. We argue for constructing culture-specific models of infancy based on the archaeological evidence in Anatolia and beyond.
KŪČIŲ VAKARIENĖ: VIZUALINĖ ETNOGRAFIJA IR PERFORMATYVUMAS MUZIEJINĖJE EDUKACIJOJE
Authors: Rakaitytė Vaida
Published: April 2022

The article analyses the role of museums in today’s society, in order to discuss features of the live reconstruction of Christmas Eve customs in Lithuanian museums. The main tasks are to analyse the visual ethnography of the Christmas Eve table, and to show how performativity in museums helps to implement the concept of the new museology in Lithuania. Empirical data were collected during participatory observations in six Lithuanian museums in 2017 and 2018. The comparative, interpretative and analytical methods were applied in the research. The result allows us to shape the museum as a space for changing and renewing the dynamic process, where a rich field of interpretations is constantly being constructed, thanks to the interaction between the educator and the participants, or to the participants alone. The museum is seen as an unpredictable space, a space for strengthening community, a play space.
(Mis)counting Catastrophe in Aeschylus’ Persae
Authors: Radcliffe Ben
Published: April 2022

This article considers how mourning is configured as a site of political and aesthetic conflict in Aeschylus’ Persae. Aeschylus represents the Persian defeat at Salamis as a catastrophe that unsettles the Persians’ habitual modes of visualizing and quantifying the empire’s population as an ordered whole. Drawing on the work of Jacques Rancière and Alain Badiou, I show how characters in Persae construct novel representations of the war dead as social collectivities that do not fit into the hierarchical structures of dynastic rule. I focus on two passages that stage this work in granular detail: the Messenger’s list of dead commanders recited soon after he reports the defeat (302–330) and a second list of the dead sung by the Chorus in dialogue with Xerxes (955–1001). Each passage advances a polemical recount of the dead, at once reevaluating the scale of the disaster and reframing how individuals and collectivities destroyed in the war should be mourned and memorialized. The Messenger and Chorus thereby contest the efforts of the royal family to count the losses at Salamis according to the circumscribed terms of imperial administration. By tracing how the memorialization of the dead galvanizes conflicting efforts to count (or miscount) the community as a whole, Persae raises larger questions about the political affordances of aesthetic form.
Asignación femenina al cuido en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Jiménez Argüello Brenda
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo indaga el impacto que ha tenido en las mujeres la situación pandémica en Costa Rica. Se realizó un estudio bibliográfico para considerar aportes conceptuales de la teoría de género, que permitieron abarcar categorías capaces de mostrar cómo la asignación del cuido sigue estando en manos de las mujeres y esto ha repercutido en su salud tanto física como emocional. Esta asignación se reproduce a través de una cultura patriarcal con rasgos católicos, la cual justifica creencias, roles y acciones violentas hacia las mujeres, así como a través de la incidencia que tiene lo religioso en nuestro contexto costarricense. Además, la situación pandémica conllevó una ruptura con rituales de vida y muerte que han tenido consecuencias en la sociedad.
PALEOGEOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE SRIBNENSKA DEPRESSION IN THE LOW CARBON TIME ASSOCIATED WITH OIL AND GAS
Authors: Naumenko O.D. , Korzhnev P.M. , Gusinina T.V. , Naumenko U.Z.
Published: April 2022

The work is devoted to the study of geomorphological features of the marine paleobasin and adjacent territories in the Lower Carboniferous time. The object of the study was the Upper Cretaceous terrigenous-domanitic-clay complex deposits of the Dnieper­Donets avalanche. This complex is located within the Sribnenska Depression and its bordering areas. The geological study of this area, borehole data and the results of geophysical survey methods contributed to the possibility of paleogeomorphological modeling of the sedimentary basin. This made it possible to determine the basic criteria and regularities of hydrocarbon trap genesis. Based on the results of well core studies, lithological features of silty-sandy sediments and clayey rocks were established. The Upper Terrigenous-Domanicoid Clayey Complex is predominantly represented by dark-colored flichoidal clayey sediments of the depressive type. Sandstones comprising the terrigenous portion of the complex are characterized by a massive texture and multidirectional layering. Cement in the sandstones is represented by flake monoclinic kaolinite; admixture of degraded hydromica, less frequently calcite, ankerite, and siderite is also observed. Sediments of this type are typical of fluvial outcrops in a depressive, stagnant marine basin. sediments were deposited by submarine delta and turbid currents and contour currents. Paleogeological models reflecting the facies distribution patterns of the paleobasin during the Upper Thaw time have been created on the basis of the logging data. It is shown that structural relations in summer play the role of traps for hydrocarbons. The sedimentation and paleogeomorphological preconditions of oil and gas deposits formation in the terrigenous-domanicoid-clay complex are analyzed on the examples of the known fields and the areas favorable for formation of hydrocarbon deposits are singled out.
PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGICAL MODELS OF HETEROGENEOUS LAYERED BOTTOM
Authors: Shundel O.I. , Fedoseienkov S.H. , Nevierova S.I.
Published: April 2022

The article describes the developed and implemented analytical and numerical methods for modeling layered geological structures with cavities of simple and complex shape. The developed author’s analytical and numerical methods of mathematical modeling of the structure and spatial distribution of acoustic properties of marine sediments, presented as a layered inhomogeneous medium, which allow to create discrete, continuous or mixed structural-acoustic models of inhomogeneous seabed taking into account stratification, the presence of cavities and inclusions of various shapes and properties. Models of geological layered environment implemented according to these algorithms are necessary for modeling panoramic survey (SSS), SSS with interferometric channel, multibeam sounder, three-dimensional profiling, construction of isobathic maps based on sounder measurements.
Structure of News Text on the Arrest of the Head of Front Pembela Islam in Online Media
Authors: Putriyanti Lina
Published: April 2022

The study was to find and describe the structure of the news text on the arrest of the Front Pem-bela Islam chairman in cases of violating health protocols in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic on BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com online media. The research was a descriptive qualitative by utilizing van Dijk's model with a social cognition approach focusing on the text schemes which included macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. The research data were the fragments of discourse of articles on online media BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com which contained news of healt protocals violations. The re-search applied listening technique and a note-taking technique as a follow-up. To check the re-search data, triangulation and interactive analysis techniques were needed to analyze the data. This study foud out that the online media BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com had a macro structure regarding the arrest of Rizieq Shihab for violating one of the Covid 19 health protocols, that was gathering crowds. the superstructure was found in the introduction, content, and clos-ing; the microstructure section was found in semantics (background and intent), syntax (sentence forms and pronouns), lexicon, and graphics. The study concluded that according to the Teun A van Dijk scheme, the news on Rizieq Shihab's health protocol violations during the Covid 19 pandemic of BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com had a macro text structure, superstructure, and micro structure.
The Negative Impact of Monodisciplinary Tradition in Arabic Language and Literature Studies
Authors: Kamil Sukron
Published: April 2022

As the title suggests, this paper discussed the monodisciplinary tradition of studying Arabic language and literature which became an obstacle for scientific publications or other dissemina-tion activities. The qualitative study made a library research design whose primary data sourced from journal articles, books, research proposals/thesis, and online sources. Careful reading and analysis were applied to get the intended data useful in answering the problems being investigated. The collect-ed data and relevant information were qualitatively analyzed using Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics. The found out many negative consequences of the using of a monodisciplinary study. In general, the study of Arabic language and literature had lack of research significance, depth of analysis, and criticism. It was neither lack of originality nor creativity. In addition to the mono-disciplinary study tradition factor, the teaching university paradigm and poor learning traditions became an-other contributing factor. A mono-disciplinary in studying Arabic language and literature did not contribute significantly to its development. It was necessary to use multidisciplinary intra/interdisciplinary paradigm as a trend in the teaching and studying of Arabic language and literature in the world by which various shortcomings lessened.
Educación Ambiental y Educación Intercultural: hacia una construcción de puentes desde un pensamiento ambiental y latinoamericano crítico
Authors: Corbetta Silvina
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo se propone realizar un aporte desde el Sur, al pensar puentes que, desde una perspectiva crítica y latinoamericana, transversalicen doblemente a los sistemas educativos desde los enfoques de la educación ambiental y la educación intercultural. A partir de un abordaje cualitativo, se revisaron y analizaron fuentes secundarias que hacen eje en ambos campos de la educación, cuyas sistematizaciones dieron como resultado diez atributos y/o requerimientos teóricos en la propuesta de la doble transversalización del sistema educativo. En términos prácticos, los cumplimientos de estos atributos permitirían dar cuenta de cuán cerca o cuán lejos están nuestros de sistemas educativos de transversalizarse o ser transversalizados en el doble reto propuesto. Estos atributos aplican como condiciones a ser revisadas con base en lo existente y/o como requerimientos para diseñar futuras políticas que piensen en prospectiva nuestros sistemas educativos. Se cierra el artículo con un interrogante que, lejos de concluir, interpela sobre por qué preferimos una educación que promueve un modo de vida tan contrario a la vida misma.
Gobernanza del aire: estrategia para el mejoramiento de la calidad del aire en ciudades
Authors: Quirama-Aguilar Miguel , García Aguirre Daniela , Gaona Quiroga Luisa
Published: April 2022

La contaminación atmosférica en las grandes ciudades es una problemática ampliamente estudiada debido a su impacto en la vida y la salud de los ciudadanos. Se reconoce que los gobiernos han avanzado en soluciones de política pública para mitigar y reducir la contaminación; sin embargo, sus esfuerzos no han tenido aún resultados convincentes, y la contaminación atmosférica continúa siendo un asunto ambiental crítico y creciente dentro de las ciudades. La gobernanza del aire es un modelo que implica la cogestión del aire bajo el liderazgo de la ciudadanía; específicamente es una estrategia de base planteada como una nueva forma de organización para facilitar la coordinación e interacción de actores de diferentes orígenes, en pos del diseño y aplicación de políticas que mejoren la calidad del aire y protejan la salud de la población. La presente investigación parte del caso de estudio de la Mesa Técnica, Académica y Ciudadana por la Calidad de Aire de Bogotá (MeCAB), logra definir las interacciones y elementos necesarios para el funcionamiento de un esquema de gobernanza del aire y pone de relieve la forma en que este se convierte en una estrategia para mejorar la calidad del aire en las grandes ciudades.
Diversidad de empresas agroindustriales rurales: tipologías de producción de panela en Huila, Colombia
Authors: Polo-Murcia Sonia Mercedes , Rodríguez-Borray Gonzalo Alfredo , Cruz-Castiblanco Ginna Natalia , Tauta-Muñoz José Luis , Huertas-Carranza Bellanid
Published: April 2022

Introducción. Las tipologías se pueden utilizar como un mecanismo para abordar la heterogeneidad de los sistemas agrícolas. La panela o azúcar de caña no centrifugado, es un edulcorante tradicional de gran importancia económica y cultural en Colombia, genera 236 000 empleos directos al año y se produce en 47 % de los municipios del país. Objetivo. Identificar tipologías de unidades de producción agroindustrial (UPA) de panela con base en características técnicas y socioeconómicas en el departamento de Huila, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó la técnica estadística multivariada de análisis factorial de datos mezclados (AFDM) con datos de 94 UPA, tomados de una encuesta representativa de corte transversal del año 2019 realizada en el marco del presente estudio. La encuesta proporcionó información sobre variables del ciclo productivo, socioeconómicas y de manejo ambiental de sub-productos. Resultados. Se identificaron tres tipos diferenciados de UPA: tipo 1(6 UPA- 6,38 %), compuesto por unidades orientadas a la diversificación productiva y transición tecnológica; tipo 2 (63 UPA-67,02 %): compuesto por unidades con manejo tradicional del cultivo, el proceso y el uso de subproductos; y tipo 3 (25 UPA-26,6 %): integrado por unidades especializadas en la producción de panela, con mayor tecnificación en cultivo y procesamiento de la caña de azúcar. Conclusiones. Se identificaron grupos heterogéneos de unidades de producción agroindustrial de panela en el departamento de Huila, Colombia, donde se desarrolla un modelo operativo de pequeña escala de carácter tradicional. La exploración empírica de esta investigación permitió delinear el potencial de adopción de tecnologías en los grupos identificados. Los programas de transferencia de tecnología deben considerar las características técnicas y socioeconómicas de las UPA.
Optimization of functional compounds extraction from Ginkgo biloba seeds using response surface methodology
Authors: Xu Hao-Rui , Zhang Yu-Qi , Wang Shuai , Wang Wei-Dong , Yu Nan-Nan , Gong Hao , Ni Zai-Zhong
Published: April 2022

Ginkgo biloba seeds are important raw material for foods and medicines. A response surface method was used to obtain the following optimized extraction conditions for Ginkgo biloba seed extracts (GBSE) with the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability: 0.08 g/mL material-to-liquid ratio, 70% ethanol concentration, 47°C extraction temperature and extraction time of 22 min. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the polysaccharide structure of GBSE from three varieties of Ginkgo biloba seeds (Fozhi, Maling and Yuanling seed varieties). The extract yield, polysaccharides, total phenolics and total flavonoids in the three varieties were 5.77–6.11%, 11.45–364.69 mg/g, 22.34–25.54 mg/g and 14.87–16.47 mg/g, respectively. The GBSE has good antioxidant ability, including DPPH-reducing activity (1842.73–2616.00 micromol [mmol] Trolox Equivalents [TE]/gram [g]), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); 185.03–217.63 mmol TE/g) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP; 220.46–230.77 mmol TE/g). This study provides a method for preparing GBSE with high antioxidant activity and improving the utilization value of Ginkgo biloba seeds.
To the memory of Ludmila M. Sukhareva
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2022

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A new methodology to assess the structural capacity of bridge portfolios: application in Northeastern Brazilian bridges
Authors: Cavalcante Gustavo Henrique Ferreira , Pereira Eduardo Marques Vieira , Rodrigues Isabela Durci , Vieira Júnior Luiz Carlos Marcos , Siqueira Gustavo Henrique
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT This article presents a new proposal to estimate structural capacity models for bridge portfolios. A common approach is the use of ductility-based capacity models. Herein, a ductility replacement for curvature or drift as engineering demand parameters is conducted, as variability within the bridge’s classes is considered in the results and multidirectional pushover analyses are performed to assess a bi-directional load scenario. Application of the methodology is exemplified for an inventory of Northeastern Brazilian bridges. Parametric analyses are performed by varying the reinforcement ratios to estimate the capacity limit states within the range of values used. These results from probabilistic models define the capacity limit state that can be used to perform vulnerability assessment of bridges to different hazard sources, such as earthquakes.