bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension
Authors: Liu Xiaoxuan , Cruz Rivera Samantha , Moher David , Calvert Melanie J. , Denniston Alastair K. ,   The SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Working Group,   SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Steering Group, Chan An-Wen , Darzi Ara , Holmes Christopher , Yau Christopher , Ashrafian Hutan , Deeks Jonathan J. , Ferrante di Ruffano Lavinia , Faes Livia , Keane Pearse A. , Vollmer Sebastian J. ,   SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI Consensus Group, Lee Aaron Y. , Jonas Adrian , Esteva Andre , Beam Andrew L. , Chan An-Wen , Panico Maria Beatrice , Lee Cecilia S. , Haug Charlotte , Kelly Christopher J. , Yau Christopher , Mulrow Cynthia , Espinoza Cyrus , Fletcher John , Paltoo Dina , Manna Elaine , Price Gary , Collins Gary S. , Harvey Hugh , Matcham James , Monteiro Joao , ElZarrad M. Khair , Ferrante di Ruffano Lavinia , Oakden-Rayner Luke , McCradden Melissa , Keane Pearse A. , Savage Richard , Golub Robert , Sarkar Rupa , Rowley Samuel
Published: September 2020

The CONSORT 2010 statement provides minimum guidelines for reporting randomized trials. Its widespread use has been instrumental in ensuring transparency in the evaluation of new interventions. More recently, there has been a growing recognition that interventions involving artificial intelligence (AI) need to undergo rigorous, prospective evaluation to demonstrate impact on health outcomes. The CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials–Artificial Intelligence) extension is a new reporting guideline for clinical trials evaluating interventions with an AI component. It was developed in parallel with its companion statement for clinical trial protocols: SPIRIT-AI (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials–Artificial Intelligence). Both guidelines were developed through a staged consensus process involving literature review and expert consultation to generate 29 candidate items, which were assessed by an international multi-stakeholder group in a two-stage Delphi survey (103 stakeholders), agreed upon in a two-day consensus meeting (31 stakeholders) and refined through a checklist pilot (34 participants). The CONSORT-AI extension includes 14 new items that were considered sufficiently important for AI interventions that they should be routinely reported in addition to the core CONSORT 2010 items. CONSORT-AI recommends that investigators provide clear descriptions of the AI intervention, including instructions and skills required for use, the setting in which the AI intervention is integrated, the handling of inputs and outputs of the AI intervention, the human–AI interaction and provision of an analysis of error cases. CONSORT-AI will help promote transparency and completeness in reporting clinical trials for AI interventions. It will assist editors and peer reviewers, as well as the general readership, to understand, interpret and critically appraise the quality of clinical trial design and risk of bias in the reported outcomes.
Regulatory effects of the Uty/Ddx3y locus on neighboring chromosome Y genes and autosomal mRNA transcripts in adult mouse non-reproductive cells
Authors: Deschepper Christian F.
Published: September 2020

In addition to sperm-related genes, the male-specific chromosome Y (chrY) contains a class of ubiquitously expressed and evolutionary conserved dosage-sensitive regulator genes that include the neighboring Uty, Ddx3y and (in mice) Eif2s3y genes. However, no study to date has investigated the functional impact of targeted mutations of any of these genes within adult non-reproductive somatic cells. We thus compared adult male mice carrying a gene trap within their Uty gene (UtyGT) to their wild-type (WT) isogenic controls, and performed deep sequencing of RNA and genome-wide profiling of chromatin features in extracts from either cardiac tissue, cardiomyocyte-specific nuclei or purified cardiomyocytes. The apparent impact of UtyGT on gene transcription concentrated mostly on chrY genes surrounding the locus of insertion, i.e. Uty, Ddx3y, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contained within their introns and Eif2s3y, in addition to possible effects on the autosomal Malat1 lncRNA. Notwithstanding, UtyGT also caused coordinate changes in the abundance of hundreds of mRNA transcripts related to coherent cell functions, including RNA processing and translation. The results altogether indicated that tightly co-regulated chrY genes had nonetheless more widespread effects on the autosomal transcriptome in adult somatic cells, most likely due to mechanisms other than just transcriptional regulation of corresponding protein-coding genes.
A pan-cancer assessment of alterations of the kinase domain of ULK1, an upstream regulator of autophagy
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Papaleo Elena
Published: September 2020

Autophagy is a key clearance process to recycle damaged cellular components. One important upstream regulator of autophagy is ULK1 kinase. Several three-dimensional structures of the ULK1 catalytic domain are available, but a comprehensive study, including molecular dynamics, is missing. Also, an exhaustive description of ULK1 alterations found in cancer samples is presently lacking. We here applied a framework which links -omics data to structural protein ensembles to study ULK1 alterations from genomics data available for more than 30 cancer types. We predicted the effects of mutations on ULK1 function and structural stability, accounting for protein dynamics, and the different layers of changes that a mutation can induce in a protein at the functional and structural level. ULK1 is down-regulated in gynecological tumors. In other cancer types, ULK2 could compensate for ULK1 downregulation and, in the majority of the cases, no marked changes in expression have been found. 36 missense mutations of ULK1, not limited to the catalytic domain, are co-occurring with mutations in a large number of ULK1 interactors or substrates, suggesting a pronounced effect of the upstream steps of autophagy in many cancer types. Moreover, our results pinpoint that more than 50% of the mutations in the kinase domain of ULK1, here investigated, are predicted to affect protein stability. Three mutations (S184F, D102N, and A28V) are predicted with only impact on kinase activity, either modifying the functional dynamics or the capability to exert effects from distal sites to the functional and catalytic regions. The framework here applied could be extended to other protein targets to aid the classification of missense mutations from cancer genomics studies, as well as to prioritize variants for experimental validation, or to select the appropriate biological readouts for experiments.
Administration of cardiac mesenchymal cells modulates innate immunity in the acute phase of myocardial infarction in mice
Authors: Kang Yi , Nasr Marjan , Guo Yiru , Uchida Shizuka , Weirick Tyler , Li Hong , Kim Jae , Moore Joseph B. , Muthusamy Senthilkumar , Bolli Roberto , Wysoczynski Marcin
Published: September 2020

Although cardiac mesenchymal cell (CMC) therapy mitigates post-infarct cardiac dysfunction, the underlying mechanisms remain unidentified. It is acknowledged that donor cells are neither appreciably retained nor meaningfully contribute to tissue regeneration—suggesting a paracrine-mediated mechanism of action. As the immune system is inextricably linked to wound healing/remodeling in the ischemically injured heart, the reparative actions of CMCs may be attributed to their immunoregulatory properties. The current study evaluated the consequences of CMC administration on post myocardial infarction (MI) immune responses in vivo and paracrine-mediated immune cell function in vitro. CMC administration preferentially elicited the recruitment of cell types associated with innate immunity (e.g., monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils). CMC paracrine signaling assays revealed enhancement in innate immune cell chemoattraction, survival, and phagocytosis, and diminished pro-inflammatory immune cell activation; data that identifies and catalogues fundamental immunomodulatory properties of CMCs, which have broad implications regarding the mechanism of action of CMCs in cardiac repair.
Author Correction: Salidroside promotes peripheral nerve regeneration based on tissue engineering strategy using Schwann cells and PLGA: in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Liu Hui , Lv Peizhen , Zhu Yongjia , Wu Huayu , Zhang Kun , Xu Fuben , Zheng Li , Zhao Jinmin
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Pre-symptomatic modified phytohormone profile is associated with lower phytoplasma titres in an Arabidopsis seor1ko line
Authors: Bernardini Chiara , Pagliari Laura , De Rosa Valeria , Almeida-Trapp Marilia , Santi Simonetta , Martini Marta , Buoso Sara , Loschi Alberto , Loi Nazia , Chiesa Fiorella , Mithöfer Axel , van Bel Aart J. E. , Musetti Rita
Published: September 2020

The proteins AtSEOR1 and AtSEOR2 occur as conjugates in the form of filaments in sieve elements ofArabidopsis thaliana. A reduced phytoplasma titre found in infected defective-mutantAtseor1koplants in previous work raised the speculation that non-conjugated SEOR2 is involved in the phytohormone-mediated suppression of Chrysanthemum Yellows (CY)-phytoplasma infection transmitted byEuscelidius variegatus(Ev). This early and long-lasting SEOR2 impact was revealed inAtseor1koplants by the lack of detectable phytoplasmas at an early stage of infection (symptomless plants) and a lower phytoplasma titre at a later stage (fully symptomatic plants). The high insect survival rate onAtseor1koline and the proof of phytoplasma infection at the end of the acquisition access period confirmed the high transmission efficiency of CY-phytoplasma by the vectors. Transmission electron microscopy analysis ruled out a direct role of SE filament proteins in physical phytoplasma containment. Time-correlated HPLC–MS/MS-based phytohormone analyses revealed increased jasmonate levels in midribs ofAtseor1koplants at an early stage of infection and appreciably enhanced levels of indole acetic acid and abscisic acid at the early and late stages. Effects of Ev-probing on phytohormone levels was not found. The results suggest that SEOR2 interferes with phytohormonal pathways in Arabidopsis midrib tissues in order to establish early defensive responses to phytoplasma infection.
Spatial variance-mass allometry of population density in felids from camera-trapping studies worldwide
Authors: Anile Stefano , Devillard Sébastien
Published: September 2020

Power laws are cornerstone relationships in ecology and evolutionary biology. The density-mass allometry (DMA), which predicts an allometric scaling of population abundance, and Taylor’s law (TL), which predicts a decrease in the population abundance variation along with a decrease in population density, have enhanced our knowledge of inter- and intra-specific variation in population abundance. When combined, these two power laws led to the variance-mass allometry (VMA), which states that larger species have lower spatial variation in population density than smaller species. The VMA has been predicted through theoretical models, however few studies have investigated if this law is also supported by empirical data. Here, to formally test the VMA, we have used the population density estimates obtained through worldwide camera trapping studies for an emblematic and ecologically important carnivorous taxa, the Felidae family. Our results showed that the VMA law hold in felids, as well as the TL and the DMA laws; bigger cat species showed less variation for the population density than smaller species. These results have important implications for the conservation of wildlife population and confirm the validity of important ecological concepts, like the allometric scaling of population growth rate and the slow-fast continuum of life history strategies.
An early gall-inducing parasitic wasp adversely affects the fitness of its host Ficus tree but not the pollinator
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Wei , Li Liang-Heng
Published: September 2020

The fig tree-fig pollinator mutualism is one of the most tightly knit symbiotic systems. The research on the ecology of non-pollinators which exploit the mutualism without providing services to the host is very limited and conclusions about the role they play in the maintenance of this mutualism are full of contradictions. The non-pollinating fig wasps species are highly diverse in their feeding habit and ecological function, which may result in different consequences on the mutualism. Sycophaga testacea is an early-ovipositing galler hosted by Ficus racemosa, which is a potencial competitor to the pollinators as they use the same female flowers in the fig as their ovipositing sites. In this study, we investigate the effect of S. testacea on the production of both pollinator and fig tree with a field control experiment. Seed production is decreased significantly when the figs were parasitized, while the offspring production of the pollinator is not significantly affected, which indicates that this galler species has a harmful effect on the fitness of its host fig tree but not the pollinator. The overall development ratio of the galls is decreased significantly when the figs were parasitized, and we found that the intrinsic low development ratio of S. testacea is responsible for the decrease in the overall development ratio.
Study on the effect of heat treatment on amethyst color and the cause of coloration
Authors: Cheng Renping , Guo Ying
Published: September 2020

The effect of heat treatment on amethyst color was studied from a new perspective of chromaticity of gemstones and the cause of amethyst coloration was discussed based on the results of X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The results show that the amethyst color has no significant relationship with cell parameters but the crystallinity index decreases as temperature rises. The absorption band at 545 nm in the UV–visible spectrum can be related to a charge-transfer transition of Fe3+ and O2−, which has a significant relationship with amethyst lightness and chroma. The color at different temperatures can be divided into three stages: The amethyst stage with temperature below 420 °C, the prasiolite stage with temperature between 420 and 440 °C where the color center is the most unstable, the citrine stage with temperature above 440 °C. The color change degree of heated amethyst is related to its initial color. When the initial color is darker, the color difference of heated amethyst is larger, and the easier it is to change the color after heat treatment. A more appropriate heating temperature to obtain citrine by heating amethyst is about 560 °C.
Author Correction: Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Kernia and Acaulium
Authors: Su Lei , Zhu Hua , Niu Yongchun , Guo Yaxi , Du Xiaopeng , Guo Jianguo , Zhang Ling , Qin Chuan
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Inhibition of purinergic P2X receptor 7 (P2X7R) decreases granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in U251 glioblastoma cells
Authors: Drill Matthew , Powell Kim L. , Kan Liyen Katrina , Jones Nigel C. , O’Brien Terence J. , Hamilton John A. , Monif Mastura
Published: September 2020

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer, with a median survival of 12–15 months. The P2X receptor 7 (P2X7R) is upregulated in glioblastoma and is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation. The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is also upregulated in glioblastoma and has been shown to have both pro- and anti-tumor functions. This study investigates the potential mechanism linking P2X7R and GM-CSF in the U251 glioblastoma cell line and the therapeutic potential of P2X7R antagonism in this setting. P2X7R protein and mRNA was demonstrated to be expressed in the U251 cell line as assessed by immunocytochemistry and qPCR. Its channel function was intact as demonstrated by live cell confocal imaging using a calcium indicator Fluo-4 AM. Inhibition of P2X7R using antagonist AZ10606120, decreased both GM-CSF mRNA (P < 0.05) and protein (P < 0.01) measured by qPCR and ELISA respectively. Neutralization of GM-CSF with an anti-GM-CSF antibody did not alter U251 cell proliferation, however, P2X7R antagonism with AZ10606120 significantly reduced U251 glioblastoma cell numbers (P < 0.01). This study describes a novel link between P2X7R activity and GM-CSF expression in a human glioblastoma cell line and highlights the potential therapeutic benefit of P2X7R inhibition with AZ10606120 in glioblastoma.
Complement protein levels and MBL2 polymorphisms are associated with dengue and disease severity
Authors: Giang Ngo Truong , van Tong Hoang , Quyet Do , Hoan Nghiem Xuan , Nghia Trinh Huu , Nam Nguyen Minh , Hung Hoang Vu , Anh Do Tuan , Van Mao Can , Son Ho Anh , Meyer Christian G. , Velavan Thirumalaisamy P. , Toan Nguyen Linh
Published: September 2020

The complement system may be crucial during dengue virus infection and progression to severe dengue. This study investigates the role of MBL2 genetic variants and levels of MBL in serum and complement proteins in Vietnamese dengue patients. MBL2 genotypes (− 550L/H, MBL2 codon 54), MBL2 diplotypes (XA/XO, YA/XO) and MBL2 haplotypes (LXPB, HXPA, XO) were associated with dengue in the study population. The levels of complement factors C2, C5, and C5a were higher in dengue and dengue with warning signs (DWS) patients compared to those in healthy controls, while factor D levels were decreased in dengue and DWS patients compared to the levels determined in healthy controls. C2 and C5a levels were associated with the levels of AST and ALT and with WBC counts. C9 levels were negatively correlated with ALT levels and WBC counts, and factor D levels were associated with AST and ALT levels and with platelet counts. In conclusions, MBL2 polymorphisms are associated with dengue in the Vietnamese study population. The levels of the complement proteins C2, C4b, C5, C5a, C9, factor D and factor I are modulated in dengue patients during the clinical course of dengue.
Fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment in eyes with subretinal hemorrhage secondary to neovascular AMD or PCV: a morphologic predictor associated with poor treatment outcomes
Authors: Kim Jae Hui , Kim Joo Yeon , Lee Dong Won , Kim Chul Gu , Kim Jong Woo
Published: September 2020

To evaluate the influence of fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment (FVPED) on treatment outcomes in eyes with subretinal hemorrhage secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). This retrospective study included 83 eyes diagnosed with fovea-involving submacular hemorrhage secondary to neovascular AMD or PCV. All the patients were treated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. Eyes showing definite FVPED, which involves the subfoveal region, were included in the FVPED group. Eyes without subfoveal PED, shallow irregular PEDs, or serous/hemorrhagic PED were stratified to the non-FVPED group. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at diagnosis, at 3 months, at 12 months, and lesion re-activation after initial treatment were compared between the two groups. The mean size of hemorrhage was 8.6 ± 7.6 disc diameter areas. In the FVPED group, the mean logarithm of minimal angle of resolution BCVA was 1.11 ± 0.49 at diagnosis, 0.89 ± 0.58 at 3 months, and 1.05 ± 0.63 at 12 months. In the non-FVPED group, the values were 0.97 ± 0.56, 0.56 ± 0.55, and 0.45 ± 0.50, respectively. The BCVA at 3 months (P = 0.036) and at 12 months (P < 0.001) was significantly worse in the FVPED group than in the non-FVPED group. In addition, the incidence of lesion reactivation was greater in the FVPED group (83.3%) than in the non-FVPED group (38.5%) (P < 0.001). The presence of subfoveal FVPED was associated with a high incidence of lesion re-activation and poor treatment outcomes in eyes with subretinal hemorrhage. This result suggests that different treatment strategies are needed between eyes with and without FVPED.
Towards a minimal EEG channel array for a biometric system using resting-state and a genetic algorithm for channel selection
Authors: Moctezuma Luis Alfredo , Molinas Marta
Published: September 2020

We present a new approach for a biometric system based on electroencephalographic (EEG) signals of resting-state, that can identify a subject and reject intruders with a minimal subset of EEG channels. To select features, we first use the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) or empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to decompose the EEG signals into a set of sub-bands, for which we compute the instantaneous and Teager energy and the Higuchi and Petrosian fractal dimensions for each sub-band. The obtained features are used as input for the local outlier factor (LOF) algorithm to create a model for each subject, with the aim of learning from it and rejecting instances not related to the subject in the model. In search of a minimal subset of EEG channels, we used a channel-selection method based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA)-III, designed with the objectives of minimizing the required number EEG channels and increasing the true acceptance rate (TAR) and true rejection rate (TRR). This method was tested on EEG signals from 109 subjects of the public motor movement/imagery dataset (EEGMMIDB) using the resting-state with the eyes-open and the resting-state with the eyes-closed. We were able to obtain a TAR of $$1.000 \pm 0.000$$

1.000
±
0.000

and TRR of $$0.998 \pm 0.001$$

0.998
±
0.001

using 64 EEG channels. More importantly, with only three channels, we were able to obtain a TAR of up to $$0.993 \pm 0.01$$

0.993
±
0.01

and a TRR of up to $$0.941 \pm 0.002$$

0.941
±
0.002

for the Pareto-front, using NSGA-III and DWT-based features in the resting-state with the eyes-open. In the resting-state with the eyes-closed, the TAR was $$0.997 \pm 0.02$$

0.997
±
0.02

and the TRR $$0.950 \pm 0.05,$$

0.950
±
0.05
,

also using DWT-based features from three channels. These results show that our approach makes it possible to create a model for each subject using EEG signals from a reduced number of channels and reject most instances of the other 108 subjects, who are intruders in the model of the subject under evaluation. Furthermore, the candidates obtained throughout the optimization process of NSGA-III showed that it is possible to obtain TARs and TRRs above 0.900 using LOF and DWT- or EMD-based features with only one to three EEG channels, opening the way to testing this approach on bigger datasets to develop a more realistic and usable EEG-based biometric system.
Author Correction: Root growth in light of changing magnesium distribution and transport between source and sink tissues in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Koch Mirjam , Winkelmann Merle Katharina , Hasler Mario , Pawelzik Elke , Naumann Marcel
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Feasibility and first reports of the MATCH-R repeated biopsy trial at Gustave Roussy
Authors: Recondo Gonzalo , Mahjoubi Linda , Maillard Aline , Loriot Yohann , Bigot Ludovic , Facchinetti Francesco , Bahleda Rastislav , Gazzah Anas , Hollebecque Antoine , Mezquita Laura , Planchard David , Naltet Charles , Lavaud Pernelle , Lacroix Ludovic , Richon Catherine , Lovergne Aurelie Abou , De Baere Thierry , Tselikas Lambros , Deas Olivier , Nicotra Claudio , Ngo-Camus Maud , Frias Rosa L. , Solary Eric , Angevin Eric , Eggermont Alexander , Olaussen Ken A. , Vassal Gilles , Michiels Stefan , Andre Fabrice , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Massard Christophe , Soria Jean-Charles , Besse Benjamin , Friboulet Luc
Published: September 2020

Unravelling the biological processes driving tumour resistance is necessary to support the development of innovative treatment strategies. We report the design and feasibility of the MATCH-R prospective trial led by Gustave Roussy with the primary objective of characterizing the molecular mechanisms of resistance to cancer treatments. The primary clinical endpoints consist of analyzing the type and frequency of molecular alterations in resistant tumours and compare these to samples prior to treatment. Patients experiencing disease progression after an initial partial response or stable disease for at least 24 weeks underwent a tumour biopsy guided by CT or ultrasound. Molecular profiling of tumours was performed using whole exome sequencing, RNA sequencing and panel sequencing. At data cut-off for feasibility analysis, out of 333 inclusions, tumour biopsies were obtained in 303 cases (91%). From these biopsies, 278 (83%) had sufficient quality for analysis by high-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS). All 278 samples underwent targeted NGS, 215 (70.9%) RNA sequencing and 222 (73.2%) whole exome sequencing. In total, 163 tumours were implanted in NOD scid gamma (NSG) or nude mice and 54 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were established, with a success rate of 33%. Adverse events secondary to invasive tumour sampling occurred in 24 patients (7.6%). Study recruitment is still ongoing. Systematic molecular profiling of tumours and the development of patient-derived models of acquired resistance to targeted agents and immunotherapy is feasible and can drive the selection of the next therapeutic strategy.
Floral transcriptomes reveal gene networks in pineapple floral growth and fruit development
Authors: Wang Lulu , Li Yi , Jin Xingyue , Liu Liping , Dai Xiaozhuan , Liu Yanhui , Zhao Lihua , Zheng Ping , Wang Xiaomei , Liu Yeqiang , Lin Deshu , Qin Yuan
Published: September 2020

Proper flower development is essential for sexual reproductive success and the setting of fruits and seeds. The availability of a high quality genome sequence for pineapple makes it an excellent model for studying fruit and floral organ development. In this study, we sequenced 27 different pineapple floral samples and integrated nine published RNA-seq datasets to generate tissue- and stage-specific transcriptomic profiles. Pairwise comparisons and weighted gene co-expression network analysis successfully identified ovule-, stamen-, petal- and fruit-specific modules as well as hub genes involved in ovule, fruit and petal development. In situ hybridization confirmed the enriched expression of six genes in developing ovules and stamens. Mutant characterization and complementation analysis revealed the important role of the subtilase gene AcSBT1.8 in petal development. This work provides an important genomic resource for functional analysis of pineapple floral organ growth and fruit development and sheds light on molecular networks underlying pineapple reproductive organ growth.
A new chemosensor for cyanide in blood based on the Pd complex of 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-[N-n-propyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)amino]phenol
Authors: Morikawa Yasuhiro , Nishiwaki Keiji , Suzuki Shigeo , Yasaka Naoyuki , Okada Yuto , Nakanishi Isao
Published: September 2020

A chemosensor for cyanide in blood that can be analyzed at low cost and in the field was developed.
Photoinduced electron transfer in nanotube⊃C70 inclusion complexes: phenine vs. nanographene nanotubes
Authors: Stasyuk Anton J. , Stasyuk Olga A. , Solà Miquel , Voityuk Alexander A.
Published: September 2020

The six-atom vacancy defects regularly located throughout the nanotubes change the electronic properties of their inclusion complexes with fullerene and prevent the photoinduced electron transfer between host and guest molecules.
A benzothiadiazole-based covalent organic framework for highly efficient visible-light driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Guang-Bo , Li Sha , Yan Cai-Xin , Lin Qian-Qian , Zhu Fu-Cheng , Geng Yan , Dong Yu-Bin
Published: September 2020

A benzothiadiazole-based covalent organic framework, which can be a high-performance platform for efficient visible-light driven hydrogen evolution, is reported.
Hybridizing physical and data-driven prediction methods for physicochemical properties
Authors: Jirasek Fabian , Bamler Robert , Mandt Stephan
Published: September 2020

We present a generic, highly effective approach to combine physical and data-driven prediction methods for physicochemical properties based on Bayesian machine learning and model distillation.
PtX as the limit of high oxidation states in oxide–nitride species
Authors: Wolański Łukasz , Domański Mateusz A. , Grochala Wojciech , Szarek Paweł
Published: September 2020

Neutral PtO2N2 and PtNO3+ and PtN3O− ions are theoretically predicted to be sufficiently metastable to be prepared by a skillful experimenter in cryogenic conditions. PtNO3+ has a longer lifetime than the previously claimed PtO42+.
A novel cadmium metal–organic framework-based multiresponsive fluorescent sensor demonstrating outstanding sensitivities and selectivities for detecting NB, Fe3+ ions and Cr2O72− anions
Authors: Wang Xiuli , Liu Yu , Lin Hongyan , Xu Na , Liu Guocheng , Wang Xiang , Chang Zhihan , Li Jianrong
Published: September 2020

A Cd(ii) metal–organic framework (MOF) [Cd3(L)(NTB)2(DMA)2]·2DMA was solvothermal prepared in the presence of ligand L (L = (E)-4,4′-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis[(N-pyridin-3-yl)benzamide]) and ligand H3NTB (H3NTB = 4,4′,4′′-nitrilotribenzoic acid).
Solvent oligomerization pathways facilitated by electrolyte additives during solid-electrolyte interphase formation
Authors: Gibson Luke D. , Pfaendtner Jim
Published: September 2020

This work elucidates the roles of fluoroethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate in the context of oligomerization in the solid–electrolyte interphase.
Towards commercialization: the operational stability of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Li Nengxu , Niu Xiuxiu , Chen Qi , Zhou Huanping
Published: September 2020

This review gives insight into the operational stability of perovskite solar cells and provides possible research direction for further improvement.
Steel analysis by atomic emission spectrometry using a two-jet arc plasmatron with spark ablation
Authors: A. V. Kuptsov , A. V. Volzhenin , V. A. Labusov , A. I. Saprykin
Published: September 2020

The analytical capabilities of the atomic emission spectrometry method with a two-jet arc plasmatron (TJP-OES) using spark ablation are estimated.
Surface specificity and mechanistic pathway of de-fluorination of C60F48 on coinage metals
Authors: Palacios-Rivera Rogger , Malaspina David C. , Tessler Nir , Solomeshch Olga , Faraudo Jordi , Barrena Esther , Ocal Carmen
Published: September 2020

Depending on the metal, C60F48 molecules lose all the fluorine atoms and transform to C60 at room temperature. Molecular dynamics simulations with ReaxFF reactive force field provide a detailed mechanistic picture of the surface-induced de-fluorination.
One-pot synthesis of 1-butylpyrrolidine and its derivatives from aqueous ammonia and 1,4-butandiol over CuNiPd/ZSM-5 catalysts
Authors: Long Yan , Liu Shimin , Ma Xiangyuan , Lu Liujin , He Yude , Deng Youquan
Published: September 2020

A straightforward and economical route for 1-butylpyrrolidine over CuNiPd/ZSM-5 catalysts.
Correction: Transient coarsening and the motility of optically heated Janus colloids in a binary liquid mixture
Authors: Gomez-Solano Juan Ruben , Roy Sutapa , Araki Takeaki , Dietrich S. , Maciołek Anna
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘Transient coarsening and the motility of optically heated Janus colloids in a binary liquid mixture’ by Juan Ruben Gomez-Solano et al., Soft Matter, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00964d.
New insights on the interaction mechanism of rhTNFα with its antagonists Adalimumab and Etanercept
Authors: Contreras María Angélica , Macaya Luis , Neira Pedro , Camacho Frank , González Alaín , Acosta Jannel , Montesino Raquel , Toledo Jorge Roberto , Sánchez Oliberto
Published: September 2020

TNFα is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is a therapeutic target for inflammatory autoimmune disorders. Thus, TNFα antagonists are successfully used for the treatment of these disorders. Here, new association patterns of rhTNFα and its antagonists Adalimumab and Etanercept are disclosed. Active rhTNFα was purified by IMAC from the soluble fraction of transformed Escherichia coli. Protein detection was assessed by SDS–PAGE and Western blot. The KD values for rhTNFα interactions with their antagonists were obtained by non-competitive ELISA and by microscale thermophoresis (MST). Molecular sizes of the complexes were evaluated by size-exclusion chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC). Surprisingly, both antagonists recognized the monomeric form of rhTNFα under reducing and non-reducing conditions, indicating unexpected bindings of the antagonists to linear epitopes and to rhTNFα monomers. For the first time, the interactions of rhTNFα with Adalimumab and Etanercept were assessed by MST, which allows evaluating molecular interactions in solution with a wide range of concentrations. Biphasic binding curves with low and high KD values (<10−9 M and >10−8 M) were observed during thermophoresis experiments, suggesting the generation of complexes with different stoichiometry, which were confirmed by SEC-HPLC. Our results demonstrated the binding of TNFα-antagonists with rhTNFα monomers and linear epitopes. Also, complexes of high molecular mass were observed. This pioneer investigation constitutes valuable data for future approaches into the study of the interaction mechanism of TNFα and its antagonists.
Predicting Response to Vocabulary Intervention Using Dynamic Assessment
Authors: Gellert Anna S. , Arnbak Elisabeth
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine how well students' response to a morphological vocabulary intervention can be predicted before the start of the intervention from traditional static assessments and to determine whether a dynamic assessment with graduated prompts improves the prediction.

Method

A planned secondary analysis of a randomized trial of a morphological vocabulary intervention for fifth-grade students with limited vocabulary was conducted. Response to this intervention was examined for 111 participants based on their development in definitions of morphologically transparent words from pretest to posttest. Traditional static measures of vocabulary, knowledge of morphology, and morphological analysis as well as a dynamic assessment of morphological analysis were evaluated as predictors of students' response to intervention.

Results

The static pretest measures predicted more than half of the overall variance in students' response to intervention and provided a good classification of students with subsequent poor or good response to intervention. The single best static predictor was the static assessment of morphological analysis. Furthermore, the dynamic assessment added significantly to the prediction of the overall variance in students' response to intervention and to the correct early classification of students as poor or good responders.

Conclusions

The results suggest that an acceptable level of prediction of students' response to morphological vocabulary intervention can be obtained by means of a couple of static morphological measures. This study also provides evidence for the added predictive value of a dynamic assessment of morphological analysis.
Recent advances in robot‐assisted echography: combining perception, control and cognition
Authors: Lu Zhenyu , Li Miao , Annamalai Andy , Yang Chenguang
Published: September 2020

Echography imaging is an important technique frequently used in medical diagnostics due to low‐cost, non‐ionising characteristics, and pragmatic convenience. Due to the shortage of skilful technicians and injuries of physicians sustained from diagnosing several patients, robot‐assisted echography (RAE) system is gaining great attention in recent decades. A thorough study of the recent research advances in the field of perception, control and cognition techniques used in RAE systems is presented in this study. This survey introduces the representative system structure, applications and projects, and products. Challenges and key technological issues faced by the traditional RAE system and how the current artificial intelligence and cobots attempt to overcome these issues are summarised. Furthermore, significant future research directions in this field have been identified by this study as cognitive computing, operational skills transfer, and commercially feasible system design.
Multi‐physics and multi‐objective optimisation design of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles
Authors: Song Tengfei , Liu Huijuan , Zhang Qian , Zhang Zhenyang
Published: September 2020

The electrical machine design method plays a decisive role in electric vehicles (EVs). However, only a few designs consider the coupling of multiple fields simultaneously. This study proposes an improved multi‐physics and multi‐objective optimisation design approach for designing a 75 kW interior permanent‐magnet synchronous machine dedicated to EVs. Five optimal objectives including power density, temperature rise, price, torque ripple, and cogging torque are selected, and the first three objectives are optimised based on the sensitivity analysis of design parameters, where an improved thermal resistance network combining with finite‐element analysis model is developed. Meanwhile, the torque ripple and cogging torque are involved in subsequent design optimisation. The temperature rise and structural strength are recalculated by using commercial finite‐element model software, respectively, for validating the accuracy of optimisation design. Finally, a prototype motor is manufactured; both simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed optimisation design method.
Tensile strength of dust-ice mixtures and their relevance as cometary analog material
Authors: Haack David , Otto Katharina , Gundlach Bastian , Kreuzig Christopher , Bischoff Dorothea , Kührt Ekkehard , Blum Jürgen
Published: September 2020

Aims. The tensile strength of granular matter is of great importance to our understanding of the evolution of comets and to our attempts to reproduce processes on cometary surfaces in laboratory experiments. In this work, we investigate the tensile strength of three different materials and their mixtures, which can be used as cometary analog materials in the laboratory.

Methods. We used two types of siliceous dusts and granular water ice whose polydisperse particles were either angular or spherical. Our samples were cooled to below 150 K to better simulate the conditions of a cometary surface and to avoid thermal alteration of the material. We used the Brazilian disk test method to exert stress on the cooled samples and determine the tensile strength at the moment the samples broke.

Results. We find that the tensile strength of two component mixtures is strongly dominated by the component with the higher tensile strength. The materials made of mostly angular dust particles have a lower filling fraction, but a higher tensile strength compared to materials made of spherical particles. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the cooled components is substantially lower than the tensile strength of the same components at room temperature. This implies that the surface energy of the investigated materials at low temperatures is significantly lower than previously assumed.
Identifying preventive maintenance guideline for a combine harvester with application of failure mode and effect analysis technique
Authors: Wattanajitsiri Voraya , Kanchana Rapee , Triwanapong Surat , Kimapong Kittipong
Published: September 2020

The objective of this research was to study a risk assessment of the rice combine harvester using FMEA technique implementation and suggested the procedures to maintain the parts of the rice combine harvester by analyzing the causes of risk assessment of FMEA. The FMEA was also applied to specify failure causes and effects that occurred in the rice harvester. The obtained data were calculated for a risk priority number (RPN) and then sorted to be a descending order. The high RPN part was analyzed for the causes and effects and then suggested a preventive maintenance in near future. The results revealed that the highest RPN of 576 was found when a chain surface was considered and also showed the maximum risk among the considered parts in the rice combine harvester. While, the lowest RPN of 144 was found when a rice sieve part was considered but this RPN was still higher than that of 100 RPN which was required to specify the preventive maintenance.
Numerical investigation of prediction method for spudcan settlement in normally consolidated kaolin clay
Authors: Qiu Z Z , Yi J T
Published: September 2020

The post-installation consolidation settlement of spudcan foundations is an issue of concern for the offshore jack-up industry, especially when jack-up rigs operate for a long period such as those serving as production units. Although many centrifuge tests or numerical calculations have been conducted for spudcan behaviour after consolidation, there are no guidelines available to predict the consolidation settlement development. This paper reports a study dedicated to this subject. The spudcan installation and consolidation under operational load was continually simulated through the dual-stage Eulerian-Lagrangian analyses incorporating the modified Cam-clay model. Its feasibility and reliability were verified by comparison with other experimental results in literature. Parametric studies were carried out for spudcans under various soil parameters and geometrical conditions. A suitable method, Hyperbolic method, is proposed to predict spudcan settlement during consolidation with observed data.
Analysis of Fatigue Performance of U-Rib to Deck Connections in Orthotropic Steel Bridge Structures
Authors: Yang Haibo , Wang Ping , Qian Hongliang
Published: September 2020

The stress condition of the transverse rib, bridge deck, and crossbeam in orthotropic steel bridge decks (OSBD) is complicated. Existing fatigue test specimens and the fatigue performance of components in OSBD differ significantly. In this paper, the numerical analysis method using traction structural stress is validated by the comparison with fatigue test results. The evaluation results of the fatigue behavior using the traction structural stress method are proven to be accurate. The comparative results give the fatigue performance of various types of typical test specimens in terms of the equivalent structural stress and initiation locations.
A Review of Carbonated Reactive MgO-stabilized Soil
Authors: Shang Zhiheng , Du Guangyin , Zhang Dingwen , Liu Songyu , Guo Qian , Xia Han , Qian Xingchen
Published: September 2020

The application of new reactive magnesium oxide (MgO) binder in ground improvement has become a research hotspot. This paper summarized the latest research about the mechanical property potential of carbonated reactive MgO-stabilized Soil, described the electrical characteristics and permeability characteristics of solidified soil research results, analyzed the durability and corrosion resistance of solidified soil research, introduced the exploration of new curing agent engineering application measures. In view of the existing studies, further research about the relationship between the indicators of carbonation and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were suggested, comprehensively study the corrosion resistance of the solidified soil, systematically study the reaction mechanism of fly ash with reactive MgO, and improve the field test of reactive MgO-carbonized mixing piles have been suggested.
Effects of anti-clay agents on fresh and hardened properties of concrete containing clay
Authors: Li Yue , Hejazi S.M.Ali S. , Kun Han
Published: September 2020

In this paper, four kinds of agents (2000 polyethylene glycol (pg2000), aminosalicylicacid (ASA), saodium alginate (SA), sodium metasilicate anhydrous (SMA)) were investigated as potential anti-clay agents combined with polycarboxylate water reducer (PCE), and the fluidity, compress strength, and flexural strength of cement paste, mortar, and concrete containing aforementioned anti-clay agents were tested. It found that among the tested potential anti-clay agents, PG2000 have performed well. The fluidity of the concrete with PG2000 increased 16mm compared to the control sample. In order to understand the mechanisms underlying this improvement, X-ray Diffraction(XRD) of cement paste was carried. The results show PG2000 has the highest interlayer spacing(d=2.865142nm) compare with control sample(d=2.828410nm) (not added PG2000), which make it more effective on the fluidity of concrete.
Research on application of high performance alkali-free liquid accelerator in shotcrete support
Authors: Zhang Luchen , Jia Xuena , Yang Guanjie , Sun Chaoqun
Published: September 2020

At present, sprayed concrete has problems such as low strength, large rebound amount, and high dust concentration. Developed a new type of alkali-free liquid accelerator, which can effectively improve the performance of shotcrete. The alkali-free liquid accelerator is mainly composed of aluminum sulfate, active aluminum hydroxide, alcohol amine, amide, and stabilizer. Through laboratory tests and field tests, when the alkali-free liquid accelerator admixture is 5% to 7%, the initial setting time is within 5 minutes, and the final setting time is within 10 minutes. The strength of shotcrete reaches 12.8MPa in one day, and the compressive strength ratio of 28d is more than 95.3%, and the rebound amount is within 10%. Compared with ordinary alkali-free liquid accelerator and alkaline liquid accelerator, the strength of sprayed concrete mixed with the alkali-free liquid accelerator is greatly improved, which is more conducive to the support of the sprayed layer, reduced rebound and dust, effectively improve the construction environment and increase construction efficiency.
Doubled haploids of interspecific hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica rapa for canola production with valuable breeding traits
Authors: Daurova Ainash , Daurov Dias , Volkov Dmitriy , Zhapar Kuanysh , Raimbek Daniyar , Shamekova Malika , Zhambakin Kabyl
Published: September 2020

Doubled haploids (DH) were obtained from two interspecific hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica rapa. Seeds of doubled haploid plants differed in colour and size. The hybridity of the obtained doubled haploid is shown using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis. Evaluation of drought tolerance during seed germination on PEG-6000 showed the advantage of doubled haploid plants of interspecific hybrids over the parent cultivars. The oil from seeds of doubled haploid plants showed good nutritional value.
Symptomadaptierte Ernährungstherapie bei Operationen am oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt
Authors: Schnurr Anna , Kluthe Bertil
Published: September 2020

Vor und nach Operationen an Speiseröhre und Magen profitieren Betroffene von einer individuellen Ernährungsberatung und -therapie, um Gewichtsverluste, Nährstoffdefizite und Verdauungsbeschwerden zu verstehen und zu bewältigen. Insbesondere müssen neue Ernährungsgewohnheiten eingeübt und ein neuer Mahlzeitenrhythmus in den Alltag integriert werden.