bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo de uma política de educação básica tendo como enfoque a pesquisa sobre o Programa Mais Educação em uma escola da cidade de Alegrete
Authors: Machado Gabriella Eldereti , Freitas Flávia M. de , Londero Janisse Vessozi , Ahmad Laila Azize Souto
Published: December 2014

O presente artigo tem origem em um trabalho proposto na disciplina de Políticas de Gestão e Organização da Educação Nacional durante o 6º semestre do curso de licenciatura em Química do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha - campus Alegrete. O objetivo do trabalho foi proporcionar a descrição do funcionamento e implantação do Programa Mais Educação e verificar a prática do funcionamento do programa em uma escola do município de Alegrete - RS. A educação integral está cada vez mais presente nas discussões sobre a educação no Brasil e essa possibilidade de melhoria da qualidade do ensino no país está inserida, tanto nos projetos políticos de governos, quanto em iniciativas propostas por outras entidades da sociedade. O Programa Mais Educação amplia a jornada escolar e a organização curricular na perspectiva da escola de tempo integral para a rede estadual e municipal de ensino.Palavras-chave: educação integral, formação docente, qualidade do ensino.
Eu não me dava muito bem com a escola: um estudo com jovens do ensino médio
Authors: Ramos Ethiana Sarachin da Silva , Salva Sueli
Published: December 2014

Neste artigo apresentam-se os resultados da pesquisa intitulada Culturas juvenis e formação educacional: um estudo com jovens estudantes de Santa Maria que se afastam dos processos formativos, pela qual se buscou compreender os motivos que levam muitos jovens a se afastarem dos processos formativos escolares. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se no paradigma qualitativo de cunho etnográfico. Foram utilizados instrumentos de produção de dados como observação, entrevista aberta e diário de campo. Os resultados evidenciaram que os processos de afastamento têm início ainda no ensino fundamental e que a fragilidade do vínculo entre a escola e o aluno está ligada a um processo de resistência, relacionada a fatores como metodologias inadequadas e problemas no processo de comunicação.Palavras-chave: políticas públicas, juventude, escola, ensino médio.
Percepções de adolescentes acerca da escola: relações entre as propostas das políticas públicas para o ensino profissionalizante e perspectivas de estudantes
Authors: Patias Naiana Dapieve
Published: December 2014

Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio da percepção de um grupo de adolescentes, quais as relações e significados atribuídos às propostas das políticas públicas relacionadas à escola profissionalizante. Foram entrevistados adolescentes que cursavam o último semestre de dois cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio de uma escola da cidade de Santa Maria, RS. Além de entrevistas individuais foi aplicado um questionário sóciodemográfico, com vistas a traçar um breve perfil dos estudantes. Para análise das entrevistas foram utilizadas análises de conteúdo. No geral, foi possível perceber que as expectativas dos estudantes em relação à escola são variáveis e que a experiência de escolarização tem diferentes significados para cada um deles.Palavras-chave: adolescência, escola, políticas públicas, ensino profissionalizante.
Apresentação
Authors: De Quadros Claudemir
Published: December 2014

Apresentação do v. 3, n. 6, jul.,/dez., 2014 da Regae.
Diálogos possíveis através do Projovem
Authors: Botao Maria da Luz Cavasotto
Published: December 2014

Pesquisou-se o Projovem, uma política de formação e inclusão para os jovens. Pla observação, análise qualitativa e pesquisa participante foi-se construindo textos que abordam os diversos discursos utilizados por este programa: que tipos de discursos se encontram entranhados desde a sua elaboração, passando por professores e alunos, de modo que, em tese, reafirmam o lugar de exclusão que os jovens ocupam na sociedade? Argumenta-se que devido à forma como está articulado o currículo, o modo de funcionamento e organização deste programa colabora para um alfabetismo funcional. As memórias escolares das séries iniciais, assim como as condições de vida dos alunos impregnam relatos colhidos nesta pesquisa. As trajetórias de repetências contínuas desses jovens nos fizeram indagar a construção do fracasso escolar. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas, observações na escola onde ocorreu o Projovem na cidade de Canoas.Palavras-chave: Projovem, exclusão, inclusão, alfabetismo funcional, fracasso escolar.
História da educação na Romênia com foco no processo de Bolonha
Authors: Iacob Mihaela
Published: December 2014

O sistema de ensino da Romênia foi marcado por grandes reformas educacionais que moldaram o seu curso e pode ser categorizado como tendo períodos distintos de convergência - final do século 18, pré-Segunda Guerra Mundial, 1968-1969, e 1989 ao presente - e divergência - maior parte do regime comunista e a partir da integração no sistema de ensino da Europa Ocidental. A partir de 1999 as reformas de Bolonha têm revolucionado o sistema de ensino na Romênia. A nova legislação da educação foi alterada para permitir o andamento do Processo de Bolonha e o sistema de ensino superior oscilou entre centralismo e autonomia. Este artigo analisa o sistema de ensino romeno com um foco particular sobre a autonomia institucional, garantia de qualidade e dimensão social.Palavras-chave: reformas educacionais, história da educação, processo de Bolonha, isomorfismo institucional, diversificação, homogeneidade institucional, mobilidade acadêmica, autonomia institucional.
Uma proposta metodológica para a leitura de textos em avaliação educacional
Authors: Borges Regilson Maciel , Rothen José Carlos
Published: December 2014

O texto resulta de pesquisa que procurou identificar os modelos e regras adotados para a construção do conhecimento, os problemas considerados legítimos, os princípios básicos não problematizados e aqueles sobre os quais se busca consenso em textos considerados paradigmáticos para o campo da avaliação educacional no Brasil, que se encontram organizados em coletânea publicada em 1982, que focaliza a avaliação de programas educacionais. Utilizou-se, enquanto procedimento metodológico, a epistemologia política formulada por Rothen (2004). Da análise realizada é possível constatar que a definição do que seja avaliação é o ponto primordial para a compreensão de questões relacionadas ao seu alcance, aos seus métodos e mesmo as suas limitações. Os principais problemas apontados pelos autores enfocam, necessariamente, a questões de cunho metodológico, que acabam por incidir sobre os momentos nos quais se busca obter consenso.Palavras-chave: avaliação educacional, textos paradigmáticos, epistemologia política.
Freqüência à escola por estudantes ensino médio: análises e percepções a partir de culturas juvenis
Authors: Romio Alexsandra Matos , Lima Andréia Lucimar Silva de , Colpo Iliane , Benetti Claudia Cisiane
Published: December 2014

Neste texto procura-se analisar as relações entre culturas juvenis e frequência à escola. Para tal, aborda-se a temática cultura juvenil, as diretrizes curriculares nacionais para o ensino médio e o projeto pedagógico de duas escolas de Santa Maria/RS. O objetivo geral do trabalho é compreender quais concepções e intenções jovens estudantes, de escolas de ensino médio de Santa Maria, manifestam em seus discursos acerca da instituição escolar. A metodologia de pesquisa centrou-se na perspectiva do estudo de caso e a coleta de dados envolveu a realização de entrevistas e a criação e manutenção de um perfil numa rede social denominada Facebook. O trabalho partiu do pressuposto de que há necessidade de conhecimento das culturas e comportamentos juvenis, em especial de quais as concepções que um grupo de jovens tem em relação ao ambiente escolar do qual participam, com vistas a promover maior envolvimento e mobilização para a aprendizagem. Após a realização do trabalho foi possível concluir que a escola apresenta distanciamento da vida social dos jovens e poucos atrativos em relação às tecnologias atuais e que, embora as diretrizes se fundamentem no pleno desenvolvimento do educando, algumas vezes os estudantes percebem a escola distante de suas expectativas.Palavras-chave: culturas juvenis, escolarização, Facebook, diretrizes curriculares, projeto pedagógico.
Apresentação
Authors: De Quadros Claudemir
Published: December 2014

Apresentado do v. 4, n. 7 da Regae.
Gestão e preconceito racial
Authors: Pinho Jacilda Siqueira de Siqueira
Published: December 2014

O presente artigo reflete a situação de crianças negras na Escola Estadual Irmã Lucinda Facchini, situada no Bairro da Ponte, município de Diamantino, Mato Grosso. Foram feitas entrevistas com diretores, coordenadores e alunos. As entrevistas evidenciaram que a escola procura priorizar o trabalho com a diversidade étnica. Os entrevistados concebem que existe a mistura de raça no Brasil, porém, concordam que o currículo escolar não discute este problema no planejamento pedagógico que se percebe um rápido enfoque em relação ao assunto. Percebe-se, ao longo deste trabalho, que os entrevistados sentem-se desconfortáveis ao tocar no assunto, demonstraram que existe uma névoa de insatisfação pairando sobre a escola. Por fim, sugere-se que os gestores programem ações como projetos pedagógicos e atividades que abordem francamente de forma desmascarada a discriminação racial.Palavras-chave: desigualdades, gestão, discriminação.
O ESPAÇO DA ÉTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Santin Silvino
Published: December 2014

Este estudo apresenta como tema central a ética, acompanhada das discussões sobre profissionalismo e produção do conhecimento. A abrangência do tema abre portas para muitos ingressos, seja para sublinhar diferentes aspectos, seja para desenvolver diferentes compreensões ou metodologias.  A opção, aqui apresentada, privilegiou o tema da ética inserido no espaço da educação física. O profissionalismo e a produção do conhecimento são partes fundamentais no espaço da educação física, evidentemente, descritos a partir da ética. A referência primeira para a apresentação dos temas é a filosofia, ou, melhor dito, um exercício de filosofar. Para isso, são tratadas duas questões principais: o que se entende quando se fala a palavra ética? E o que se precisa saber para que a ética possa ocupar um espaço na educação física?
EL JUEGO PALÍN COMO PARTE DEL CURRICULUM DE FORMACIÓN FUNDAMENTAL UNIVERSITARIA: REFLEXIONES DE JÓVENES FUTUROS PROFESIONALES EN LA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE VALPARAÍSO DE CHILE
Authors: Poblete Gálvez Carolina Alejandra
Published: December 2014

El siguiente artículo presenta la mirada investigativa que se le ha dado altrabajo de difusión y valoración del juego ancestral mapuches llamado Palín, al interior dela formación fundamental en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Se hará unbreve recorrido histórico y argumental, de la importancia de este juego originario desde laperspectiva histórica, luego se argumentará las decisiones metodológicas para el análisisde los discursos emitidos por los estudiantes universitarios, para concluir en el impacto quepara estos futuros profesionales implica recibir este tipo de conocimiento en su formaciónprofesional.
El entrenamiento de la fuerza y el mantenimiento de la salud de mujeres en edad menopáusica
Authors: Filippetto Marcia Cristina , Terés Xavier Peirau
Published: December 2014

Esta investigación cuasi experimental fue realizada con una muestra N=43 mujeres de edad intermedia de la ciudad de Lleida-España. Se ha basado en un marco ,teórico acerca de la importancia del ejercicio físico para el mantenimiento de la salud planteando la realización de dos programas de ejercicio físico: acondicionamiento físico acuático y estimulación neuromuscular mecánica. El objetivo general fue conocer y comparar ,la influencia de los programas sobre la fuerza, como componente de la condición física importante para las actividades de la vida diaria. Los programas tuvieran una duración de 12 semanas, con una frecuencia de dos entrenamientos a la semana. Se dispuso de un grupo control constituido por no practicantes de ejercicio físico y se ha aplicado el cuestionario IPAQ al inicio de la investigación para conocer la cantidad de actividad física realizada por la muestra. La fuerza fue evaluada mediante un test de pico máximo de fuerza isométrica realizado en tres momentos: basal, pre test y pos test. El análisis estadístico utilizó el método Anova para medidas repetidas y los resultados considerados significativos para p<0,05. Las practicantes de acondicionamiento físico acuático, estimulación neuromuscular mecánica y no practicantes de ejercicio físico (n=17, n=13, n=13) no presentaron cambios .(significativos para la fuerza (p=0,92, p=0,71, p=0,58
“O TEMPO ALÉM DA ESCOLA” O PAPEL DO PROFESSOR DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NO CONTRA TURNO ESCOLAR
Authors: Lima Luccas Gonçalves , Tschoke Aline , Drula Andréia Juliane , Rechia Simone
Published: December 2014

Este trabalho tematiza o lazer, o professor de educação física e aspossibilidades de atuação no contra turno escolar. Foram pesquisadas duas instituiçõeslocalizadas em Curitiba, uma pública e uma privada. A partir de uma análise qualitativa, comobservações sistemáticas, registradas em diário de campo e elaboração das categoriasde análise. Conclui-se que é possível a presença de elementos educacionais dentro daspráticas de lazer trabalhadas no contra turno, dentre eles destaca-se: a identificaçãoaluno e professor, o incentivo de discussões com enfoque educacional e crítico, formas deapresentar um conteúdo e as relações com suas vivências.
CONHECIMENTO TÁTICO DECLARATIVO EM JOGADORES DE FUTEBOL SUB-14 E SUB-15
Authors: Moreira Pedro Drumond , Soares Vinicius de Oliveira Viana , Praça Gibson Moreira , Matias Cristino Julio Alves da Silva , Greco Pablo Juan
Published: December 2014

Este artigo comparou o Conhecimento Tático Declarativo (CTD) de jogadoresde Futebol das categorias sub-14 e sub-15. Utilizou-se o teste de Mangas, com cenasde vídeo previamente validadas, aplicando-o em 26 atletas do sexo masculino (16 atletassub-15 e 10 atletas sub-14). Os dados foram analisados através do Median Test. Atletasda categoria sub-15 apresentaram CTD significativamente superior aos atletas sub-14,revelando que o tempo de prática apresenta-se como importante no desenvolvimento doCTD de jogadores de Futebol.
FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Magrin Natalia Papacídero , Simões Regina Maria Rovigati , Moreira Wagner Wey
Published: December 2014

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como está a produção literária na área daEducação Física (EF) e Esportes após a separação legal entre Licenciatura e Bacharelado.Metodologia: Estudo de revisão, do tipo estado da arte, o qual analisou qualitativamentea produção literária em EF. Resultados: Foram encontrados 28 artigos e divididos porassunto, estabelecendo-se três categorias: 1) Formação/Graduação, 16 artigos, 2) AtuaçãoProfissional, 10 artigos, 3) Área de Conhecimento, 2 artigos. Conclusão: Ficou evidenteum conflito entre os cursos de Formação Profissional em EF, não sendo possível verificarum padrão de formação para as diferentes habilitações da área.
Número Completo abr./jun. 2014 (PDF com Capa e Artigos)
Authors: Rural Extensão
Published: December 2014

Edição completa da Revista Extensão Rural abr./jun. 2014.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2318179616240
Número Completo jul./set. 2014 (PDF com Capa e Artigos)
Authors: Rural Extensão
Published: December 2014

Número Completo jul./set. 2014 (PDF com Capa e Artigos)http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2318179616622
Effects of short fiber tip geometry and inhomogeneous interphase on the stress distribution of rubber matrix sealing composites
Authors: Yu Xiaoming , Gu Boqin , Zhang Bin
Published: December 2014

The normal and interfacial shear stress distributions with flat fiber tip of short‐fiber‐reinforced rubber matrix sealing composites (SFRC) compared with the shear lag model were investigated by using the finite element method (FEM). The results indicate that stress values do not agree with those calculated by the shear lag model. The effect of different geometrical shapes of fiber tip on the stress distributions of SFRC was also investigated. The geometrical shapes of fiber tip under present investigation are flat, semi‐elliptical, hemispherical, and circular cone, respectively. The results show that the hemispherical fiber tip transfers the load with less stress concentration and is contributed to controlling the interface debonding failure more effectively than other shapes of fiber tip. Further study on the effect of the inhomogeneous interphase properties on the normal and interfacial shear stresses of hemispherical fiber tip was also conducted. The results indicate that the normal stress increases with the increase of the interphase thickness and interfacial shear stress remains unchanged, and the normal stress values of SFRC with interphase are higher than those without interphase. The interphase elastic modulus has no influence on the stress distributions along the direction to the fiber axis. The stress distributions along the radial direction in the interphase end are largely dependent on the interphase elastic modulus, and the interfacial shear stress is larger than the normal stress, which reveals that a significant part of the external load is transferred from the fiber to the matrix through shear stresses within the interphase. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41638.
New method for fabricating an α‐fetoprotein affinity monolithic polymer array
Authors: Li Li , Xia Li‐Ru , Wang He‐Ye , Bi Xiao‐Dong
Published: December 2014

Bisphenol A based epoxy acrylate (BABEA), a commercial UV‐curable material, was introduced as a crosslinker for the fabrication of an epoxy‐functionalized monolithic polymer array through UV‐initiated copolymerization with glycidyl methacrylate as the functional monomer and poly(ethylene glycol) 200 as the porogen. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the monolithic poly(bisphenol A based epoxy acrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) [poly(BABEA‐co‐GMA)] exhibited a well‐controlled skeletal and well‐distributed porous structure. The α‐fetoprotein (AFP) immunoaffinity monolithic polymer array prepared by the immobilization of AFP on epoxy‐functionalized monolithic arrays was used as an immunosensor for chemiluminescent AFP detection. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicate that the AFP antibody was successfully immobilized on the monolithic poly(BABEA‐co‐GMA) array. With a noncompetitive immune‐response format, the proposed AFP immunoaffinity array was demonstrated as a low‐cost, flexible, homogeneous, and stable array for AFP detection. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 41792.
Big data, bigger dilemmas: A critical review
Authors: Ekbia Hamid , Mattioli Michael , Kouper Inna , Arave G. , Ghazinejad Ali , Bowman Timothy , Suri Venkata Ratandeep , Tsou Andrew , Weingart Scott , Sugimoto Cassidy R.
Published: December 2014

The recent interest in Big Data has generated a broad range of new academic, corporate, and policy practices along with an evolving debate among its proponents, detractors, and skeptics. While the practices draw on a common set of tools, techniques, and technologies, most contributions to the debate come either from a particular disciplinary perspective or with a focus on a domain‐specific issue. A close examination of these contributions reveals a set of common problematics that arise in various guises and in different places. It also demonstrates the need for a critical synthesis of the conceptual and practical dilemmas surrounding Big Data. The purpose of this article is to provide such a synthesis by drawing on relevant writings in the sciences, humanities, policy, and trade literature. In bringing these diverse literatures together, we aim to shed light on the common underlying issues that concern and affect all of these areas. By contextualizing the phenomenon of Big Data within larger socioeconomic developments, we also seek to provide a broader understanding of its drivers, barriers, and challenges. This approach allows us to identify attributes of Big Data that require more attention—autonomy, opacity, generativity, disparity, and futurity—leading to questions and ideas for moving beyond dilemmas.
Screening and characterization of a thermostable lipase from marineStreptomycessp. strain W007
Authors: Yuan Dongjuan , Lan Dongming , Xin Ruipu , Yang Bo , Wang Yonghua
Published: December 2014

A screening method along with the combination of genome sequence of microorganism, pairwise alignment, and lipase classification was used to search the thermostable lipase. Then, a potential thermostable lipase (named MAS1) from marineStreptomycessp. strain W007 was expressed inPichia pastorisX‐33, and the biochemical properties were characterized. Lipase MAS1 belongs to the subfamily I.7, and it has 38% identity to the well‐characterizedBacillus subtilisthermostable lipases in the subfamily I.4. The purified enzyme was estimated to be 29 kDa. The enzyme showed optimal temperature at 40 °C, and retained more than 80% of initial activity after 1 H incubation at 60 °C, suggesting that MAS1 was a thermostable lipase. MAS1 was an alkaline enzyme with optimal pH value at 7.0 and had stable activity for 12 H of incubation at pH 6.0–9.0. It was stable and retained about 90% of initial activity in the presence of Cu2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, and Mg2+, whereas 89.05% of the initial activity was retained when ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid was added. MAS1 showed the tolerance to organic solvents, but was inhibited by various surfactants. MAS1 was verified to be a triglyceride lipase and could hydrolyze triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol. The result represents a good example for researchers to discover thermostable lipase for industrial application.
Chlamydomonas axonemal dynein assembly locus ODA8 encodes a conserved flagellar protein needed for cytoplasmic maturation of outer dynein arm complexes
Authors: Desai Paurav B. , Freshour Judy R. , Mitchell David R.
Published: December 2014

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii oda8 mutation blocks assembly of flagellar outer dynein arms (ODAs), and interacts genetically with ODA5 and ODA10, which encode axonemal proteins thought to aid dynein binding onto axonemal docking sites. We positionally cloned ODA8 and identified the gene product as the algal homolog of vertebrate LRRC56. Its flagellar localization depends on ODA5 and ODA10, consistent with genetic interaction studies, but phylogenomics suggests that LRRC56 homologs play a role in intraflagellar transport (IFT)‐dependent assembly of outer row dynein arms, not axonemal docking. ODA8 distribution between cytoplasm and flagella is similar to that of IFT proteins and about half of flagellar ODA8 is in the soluble matrix fraction. Dynein extracted in vitro from wild type axonemes will rebind efficiently to oda8 mutant axonemes, without re‐binding of ODA8, further supporting a role in dynein assembly or transport, not axonemal binding. Assays comparing preassembled ODA complexes from the cytoplasm of wild type and mutant strains show that dynein in oda8 mutant cytoplasm has not properly preassembled and cannot bind normally onto oda axonemes. We conclude that ODA8 plays an important role in formation and transport of mature dynein complexes during flagellar assembly. © 2014 The Authors. Cytoskeleton Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Minor differences in body condition and immune status between avian influenza virus‐infected and noninfected mallards: a sign of coevolution?
Authors: van Dijk Jacintha G. B. , Fouchier Ron A. M. , Klaassen Marcel , Matson Kevin D.
Published: December 2014

Wildlife pathogens can alter host fitness. Low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) infection is thought to have negligible impacts on wild birds; however, effects of infection in free‐living birds are largely unstudied. We investigated the extent to whichLPAIVinfection and shedding were associated with body condition and immune status in free‐living mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), a partially migratory keyLPAIVhost species. We sampled mallards throughout the species' annual autumnLPAIVinfection peak, and we classified individuals according to age, sex, and migratory strategy (based on stable hydrogen isotope analysis) when analyzing data on body mass and five indices of immune status. Body mass was similar forLPAIV‐infected and noninfected birds. The degree of virus shedding from the cloaca and oropharynx was not associated with body mass.LPAIVinfection and shedding were not associated with natural antibody (NAbs) and complement titers (first lines of defense against infections), concentrations of the acute phase protein haptoglobin (Hp), ratios of heterophils to lymphocytes (H:L ratio), and avian influenza virus (AIV)‐specific antibody concentrations.NAbs titers were higher inLPAIV‐infected males and local (i.e., short distance) migrants than in infected females and distant (i.e., long distance) migrants. Hp concentrations were higher inLPAIV‐infected juveniles and females compared to infected adults and males.NAbs, complement, and Hp levels were lower inLPAIV‐infected mallards in early autumn. Our study demonstrates weak associations between infection with and shedding ofLPAIVand the body condition and immune status of free‐living mallards. These results may support the role of mallards as asymptomatic carriers ofLPAIVand raise questions about possible coevolution between virus and host.
Clustering analyses in peptidomics revealed that peptide profiles of infant formulae are descriptive
Authors: Lambers Tim T. , Gloerich Jolein , van Hoffen Els , Alkema Wynand , Hondmann Dirk H. , van Tol Eric A.F.
Published: December 2014

Prompted by the accumulating evidence on bioactive moieties of milk‐derived peptides, novel methods were applied to compare the peptide composition among commercially available hydrolysate formulations and to determine batch‐to‐batch variations of protein hydrolysate products. Despite the availability of general methods to measure, for example, the degree of hydrolysis and peptide mass distribution at a high level, the objective of this study was to more qualitatively compare peptide sequences and composition. By a comprehensive approach combining peptidomics technologies and multivariate clustering analyses, the peptide profiles of different hydrolyzed milk protein formulations were compared. Moreover, peptide profiles of various hydrolysate batches that had been produced over a period of 5 years were included. Coupling of identified peptide sequences to the position in their corresponding milk proteins produced numerical datasets that subsequently were utilized for multivariate data analyses. These analyses revealed that batch‐to‐batch variation in the peptide profiles of a specific extensively hydrolyzed casein preparation was low. Moreover, extensive multivariate evaluations revealed that the peptide profiles of different commercially available hydrolyzed milk protein formulations provided a descriptive and distinct signature. Overall, the described methodology may contribute to the field of peptide research as observed dissimilarities in peptide profiles of similar products may be related to differences in their overall functionality.
Effect of storage and cooking on the fatty acid profile of omega‐3 enriched eggs and pork meat marketed in Belgium
Authors: Douny Caroline , El Khoury Rawad , Delmelle Julien , Brose François , Degand Guy , Moula Nassim , Farnir Frédéric , Clinquart Antoine , Maghuin‐Rogister Guy , Scippo Marie‐Louise
Published: December 2014

The fatty acids (FA) profile was determined in n‐3 enriched (Columbus™) Belgian eggs and pork in order to evaluate to what extent the n‐3 fatty acids, which are very sensitive to oxidation, are resistant to storage or cooking. In standard eggs or pork, no change of the fatty acid profile was observed after storage or cooking without culinary fat, as well as in Columbus™ eggs and pork after storage. Some cooking processes (eggs in custard and meat in oven) induced a slight significant loss of n‐3 fatty acids in Columbus™ eggs or pork (11.1% in fat from eggs cooked in custard vs. 15.3% in raw Columbus™ eggs and 11.0% in fat from oven cooked meat vs. 11.6% in raw Columbus™ meat). As expected, when Columbus™ pork is cooked with culinary fat, its fatty acid profile is modified according to the nature of the fat used.
Immune cell dynamics in the CNS: Learning from the zebrafish
Authors: Oosterhof Nynke , Boddeke Erik , van Ham Tjakko J.
Published: December 2014

A major question in research on immune responses in the brain is how the timing and nature of these responses influence physiology, pathogenesis or recovery from pathogenic processes. Proper understanding of the immune regulation of the human brain requires a detailed description of the function and activities of the immune cells in the brain. Zebrafish larvae allow long‐term, noninvasive imaging inside the brain at high‐spatiotemporal resolution using fluorescent transgenic reporters labeling specific cell populations. Together with recent additional technical advances this allows an unprecedented versatility and scope of future studies. Modeling of human physiology and pathology in zebrafish has already yielded relevant insights into cellular dynamics and function that can be translated to the human clinical situation. For instance, in vivo studies in the zebrafish have provided new insight into immune cell dynamics in granuloma formation in tuberculosis and the mechanisms involving treatment resistance. In this review, we highlight recent findings and novel tools paving the way for basic neuroimmunology research in the zebrafish. GLIA 2015;63:719–735
Gene delivery in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Authors: Fang Y. L. , Chen X. G. , W. T. Godbey
Published: December 2014

As a promising strategy to aid or replace tissue/organ transplantation, gene delivery has been used for regenerative medicine applications to create or restore normal function at the cell and tissue levels. Gene delivery has been successfully performed ex vivo and in vivo in these applications. Excellent proliferation capabilities and differentiation potentials render certain cells as excellent candidates for ex vivo gene delivery for regenerative medicine applications, which is why multipotent and pluripotent cells have been intensely studied in this vein. In this review, gene delivery is discussed in detail, along with its applications to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A definition of a stem cell is compared to a definition of a stem property, and both provide the foundation for an in‐depth look at gene delivery investigations from a germ lineage angle. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1679–1699, 2015.
Metacognitive Reflective and Insight Therapy for People in Early Phase of a Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Hillis Jaclyn D. , Leonhardt Bethany L. , Vohs Jenifer L. , Buck Kelly D. , Salvatore Giampaolo , Popolo Raffaele , Dimaggio Giancarlo , Lysaker Paul H.
Published: December 2014

Schizophrenia often involves a loss of metacognitive capacity, the ability to form complex and integrated representations of self and others. Independent of symptoms and neurocognition, deficits in synthetic metacognition are related to difficulties of engaging in goal‐directed activities in social and vocational settings. Within this backdrop, we provide a case report of the effects of Metacognitive Reflective Insight Therapy (MERIT) that assisted a patient suffering from first episode schizophrenia during 2 years of individual psychotherapy. A total of 8 elements of MERIT that stimulate and promote metacognitive capacity are presented. As illustrated in this report, these procedures helped the patient move from a state in which he had virtually no complex ideas about himself or others to one in which he had developed integrated and realistic ideas about his own identity and the identity of others. He then could use these representations to understand and effectively respond to life challenges.
A Mentalization‐Based Approach to the Development of the Therapeutic Alliance in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
Authors: Brent Benjamin K.
Published: December 2014

This article presents a clinical illustration of a mentalization‐based approach to the development of a therapeutic alliance in the treatment of schizophrenia. A clinically focused overview of the attachment‐based understanding of mentalization central to the mentalization‐based treatment model is first provided. This is followed by a brief summary of the theory and evidence supporting the possible link between attachment disturbances and deficits of mental state understanding in schizophrenia. A case presentation then illustrates the application of core mentalization‐based principles and interventions to enhance the therapeutic alliance by addressing disruptions of mentalization and reducing paranoia in the treatment of a patient with early course schizophrenia.
Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy for Co‐Occurrent Avoidant Personality Disorder and Substance Abuse
Authors: Dimaggio Giancarlo , D'Urzo Maddalena , Pasinetti Manuela , Salvatore Giampaolo , Lysaker Paul H. , Catania Dario , Popolo Raffaele
Published: December 2014

Many patients with substance abuse problems present with co‐occurrent cluster C personality disorders. Focusing on both disorders disrupts the maintenance mechanisms and the vicious cycle between the 2 conditions; however, treatment teams often neglect this issue. In this work, we describe the features of metacognitive interpersonal therapy as applied to a man with avoidant and depressive personality disorders and heroin, cocaine, and alcohol abuse. Psychotherapy proceeded through the following steps: (a) conducting drug therapy to deal with symptoms of abstinence from heroin; (b) forming a therapeutic bond to overcome the patient's severe emotional withdrawal; (c) fostering basic metacognitive capacities such as awareness of emotions and their triggers; (d) sharing formulations of maladaptive interpersonal schemas and descriptions of the associated states of mind; (e) conveying an understanding of the link between interpersonal events (recent ones and traumatic memories) and substance abuse; (f) facilitating the acquisition of critical distance from maladaptive schemas; and (g) promoting the use of adaptive coping skills instead of resorting to substance abuse. Implications for generalizing these procedures to the treatment of other patients with co‐occurrent personality disorders and substance abuse are described.
Delayed presentation of major complications in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy following hospital discharge
Authors: Bhagwandin Shanel B. , Naffouje Samer , Salti George
Published: December 2014

Introduction

Peritoneal surface malignancy is increasingly treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). This is associated with potentially high morbidity. We analyzed the incidence of delayed major complications following CRS plus HIPEC.

Methods

Delayed events were chosen as those which occurred after discharge from the hospital following CRS plus HIPEC and prior to 90 days. Major complications included any adverse event requiring intervention or intensive care unit admission.

Results

One hundred thirty six patients underwent 140 procedures. Eight patients (5.7%) developed delayed major complications. Complications were pancreatic pseudocyst/pancreatitis (n = 3), abdominal wall dehiscence (n = 2), gastric perforation (n = 1), and ureteral stricture with associated hydronephrosis (n = 2).

All of the patients had undergone multivisceral resections. Seven patients achieved complete cytoreduction (cc ≤ 1). Mean peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) was 15.25 ± 5.33 (6–22). Standard of care was met for the management of all the complications and all patients recovered following intervention without any further morbidity or mortality.

Conclusion

There is a lack of report of the delayed major complications in patients undergoing CRS plus HIPEC in the literature. Awareness should be raised among health care providers regarding possible occurrence of such late complications given that many patients undergo CRS plus HIPEC remotely from their localities. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:324–327. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of new silica‐based humic acid stationary phase for the separation of tocopherols in cold‐pressed oils by normal‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Ayyildiz Hamide Filiz
Published: December 2014

A new humic acid stationary phase was prepared by immobilizing humic acid onto aminopropyl silica via an amide linkage formation and used, for the first time, for the separation and quantification of the tocopherol compounds in cold‐pressed oil samples under normal‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography conditions. Parameters affecting the chromatographic separation such as mobile phase composition and flow rate were optimized. By evaluating the calculations of capacity factor, asymmetry factor, resolution, selectivity factor, and theoretical plate number, the best separation was obtained with isocratic elution of n‐hexane and isopropyl alcohol (99:1% v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The effluent was monitored by a fluorescence detector set at excitation and emission wavelengths 295 and 330 nm, respectively. All compounds were separated in 20 min. The method was validated according to international guidelines and found to be linear in a wide concentration range, also the mean recovery of the compounds ranged from 97.9 to 99.2%, with a CV less than 2.7% in all cases. The results showed that the developed stationary phase is suitable for the separation and quantification of the tocopherol compounds in real oil samples.
Clinical experience of seropositive ganglionic acetylcholine receptor antibody in a tertiary neurology referral center
Authors: Li Yuebing , Jammoul Adham , Mente Karin , Li Jianbo , Shields Robert W. , Vernino Steven , Rae‐Grant Alexander
Published: December 2014

Introduction: Antibody against the acetylcholine receptor of autonomic ganglia (gAChR‐Ab) is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) and several other disorders. Methods: This study was a retrospective evaluation of 95 patients positive for gAChR‐Ab. Results: Twenty‐one (22%) patients had AAG, with a greater median gAChR‐Ab level (0.21 nmol/L) and higher percentage (57%) of antibody levels >0.20 nmol/L when compared with the remaining 74 patients without autonomic manifestations (non‐AAG group, 0.10 nmol/L and 15%, respectively). Only 2 new cases of malignancy were diagnosed after gAChR‐Ab detection. The non‐AAG group was associated with high frequencies of neurological and non‐neurological autoimmunity, but also included 23 (31%) patients with mostly degenerative disorders. Conclusion: Detection of gAChR‐Ab, especially at a higher level, is helpful for the diagnosis of AAG in patients with corresponding autonomic symptoms. However, its value is limited for predicting cancer risk and for diagnosis and management of patients without autonomic symptoms. Muscle Nerve 52:386–391, 2015
Clinicopathologic analysis of spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Yasui Naoko , Yoshida Akihiko , Kawamoto Hiroshi , Yonemori Kan , Hosono Ako , Kawai Akira
Published: December 2014

Background

Clinical characteristics and optimal treatment strategies for spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (ssRMS) have not been well established because of its rarity.

Procedure

Retrospective re‐evaluation of sarcoma specimens (1997–2014) identified 16 ssRMSs (median age 20 years, range 7–39 years). Clinicopathological features, clinical course, and outcome were analyzed.

Results

Primary disease sites were the head and neck (10 cases) and other regions (6 cases). Nine cases were at Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study preoperative stage 3. The primary tumors were >5 cm in 13 cases. Two patients had lymph node metastases, but none had distant metastases at presentation. At follow‐up (median period 39 months, range 4.6–201), seven patients were alive without disease. Among nine patients treated with the vincristine, actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) regimen, five responded well, with four surviving free of disease. Among ten patients with recurrent or progressive disease, three experienced local recurrence, four had distant metastases, and three had both. None exhibited bone marrow invasion. Eight of the ten patients died in median time from relapse to death of 18 months (range 11–56).

Conclusions

Although most ssRMSs present as a bulky tumor, nodal or distant metastases are rare at presentation. ssRMSs initially show good response to VAC, but >50% of tumors recur or progress; these data suggest a worse prognosis of ssRMS compared to the pediatric embryonal variant. As relapse typically occurs as local or distant solitary lesion without bone marrow invasion, localized treatment combined with chemotherapy would contribute to improve the prognosis of recurrent ssRMS. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1011–1016. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Body composition parameters and adipokines levels in relation to bone mineral density in patients with malignant bone tumors after treatment
Authors: Ambroszkiewicz Jadwiga , Chelchowska Magdalena , Szamotulska Katarzyna , Rychlowska‐Pruszyńska Magdalena , Rowicka Grażyna , Gajewska Joanna
Published: December 2014

Background

Recent data support the concept that adipokines, which are secreted by fat cells, are important modulators of bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between body composition parameters, adipokines (leptin, adiponectin) and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with malignant bone tumors after anticancer therapy.

Procedure

The study included 35 patients (median age 14.8 years) with diagnosed malignant bone tumors treated according to obligatory protocols. Total fat mass, lean mass, bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD measurements were performed after treatment completion by dual energy‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum concentrations of leptin, leptin receptor and adiponectin were determined using immunoenzymatic assays. The control group consisted of 28 healthy children (median age 14.3 years).

Results

Patients with bone tumor after chemotherapy had significantly higher fat mass (P < 0.01), increased ratio of fat mass/lean mass (P < 0.001), and a decrease (P < 0.001) in total body and lumbar spine BMD compared with controls. We observed higher serum leptin concentration (P < 0.01) and lower soluble leptin receptor (P < 0.001) and adiponectin (P = 0.01) in patients than in controls. The ratios of leptin/leptin receptor and leptin/adiponectin were about three‐fold higher in patients compared with the control group (P = 0.001). We found a significant positive correlation between BMD and body composition and a negative correlation between BMD and adiponectin in the patients group.

Conclusions

Changes in body composition parameters coexisting with disturbed adipokine levels, especially higher levels of leptin and lower levels of adiponectin, might be associated with bone status in patients treated for malignant bone tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:988–993. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Xanthates designed for the preparation of N‐Vinyl pyrrolidone‐based linear and star architectures via RAFT polymerization
Authors: Johnson Iain J. , Khosravi Ezat , Musa Osama M. , Simnett Rose E. , Eissa Ahmed M.
Published: December 2014

Novel xanthate RAFT agents, RAFT1‐5, designed for the preparation of a range of novel N‐vinyl pyrrolidone‐based polymeric materials with linear and star architectures via RAFT polymerization are reported. Ethyl pyrrolidone moiety was included in the structures of the xanthates as a part of R (RAFT1‐3) or Z group (RAFT4) to evaluate their effect on the polymerization and to impart homogeneity in the resulting products. The xanthates were designed to fragment to give primary (RAFT1), secondary (RAFT2 and 4), and tertiary radicals (RAFT 3) allowing evaluation of their effect on polymerization. RAFT5 was designed to produce polymeric materials with four‐arm architectures. RAFT1 showed comparable characteristics as conventional radical polymerization. RAFT2 and RAFT4 exhibited living/controlled polymerizations, owing to the combination of stable secondary radical species and incorporation of ethyl pyrrolidone moiety as the R and Z group, respectively. RAFT2 and RAFT5 gave first examples of random copolymers of NVP and VAc with linear and four‐arm star architectures, all exhibiting monomodal distributions and narrow dispersity. The four‐arm PVAc star was used as a macroCTA to synthesize amphiphilic four‐arm star PVAc‐block‐PNVP. The TEM investigation showed the formation of spherical micelles with an average diameter of about 60 nm. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 775–786
Minimal Clinically Important Difference of Grip and Pinch Strength in Women With Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis When Compared to Healthy Subjects
Authors: Villafañe Jorge Hugo , Valdes Kristin , Bertozzi Lucia , Negrini Stefano
Published: December 2014

Purpose:

The primary objective of this study was to compare grip and pinch strength between women with carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA) between affected and unaffected sides of the body in patients or dominant and nondominant sides in healthy subjects. The secondary aim was to establish the cutoff value scores for the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for grip strength, tip, and tripod pinch.

Design:

A prospective case-control study.

Methods:

One hundred ten women participated in the study. The CMC OA group consisted of 57 patients, and the control group consisted of 53 healthy subjects. Grip strength, tip, and tripod pinch were assessed bilaterally. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the differences between sides of the body and between the groups.

Findings:

The post hoc analysis indicated that the patients in the CMC OA group indicated statistically significant lower scores on the grip and pinch strength (all, p < .001). The MCID from baseline score in this patient population was 0.84 kg for grip, 0.33 kg for tip, and 0.35 kg for tripod pinch for the affected right arm and 1.12 kg for grip, 0.23 kg for tip, and 0.30 kg for tripod pinch for the unaffected left side.

Conclusions:

Women with CMC OA have significantly decreased grip strength, tip, and tripod pinch as compared to their healthy counterparts and may experience functional consequences because of this limitation.

Clinical Relevance:

Our study established the MCID for grip and pinch strength for individuals with CMC OA and their healthy counterparts.