bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body composition analysis in patients with Hashimoto’s disease and vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Rozwandowicz Aleksandra Maria , Stuss Michał , Michalska-Kasiczak Marta , Sewerynek Ewa
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common organ-specific autoimmune diseases. This autoimmune response disrupts thyroid function, affecting biochemical processes and metabolism, with symptoms often including weight gain and easy fatigue. Vitamin D has so far been considered only a key regulator of calcium-phosphate metabolism. However, it is now considered a pleiotropic substance and increasingly published data indicate that it also plays a role in immune modulation and metabolic health.
Aim. The study aimed to assess anthropometric measures, body composition, and muscle strength in patients with HT, correlate these parameters with serum 25(OH)D levels, and evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation.
Material and Methods. The study included 80 female patients, aged ≥18 years, divided into an HT group (n=51) and a Control Group with non-toxic diffuse or nodular goiter (n=29). Vitamin D supplementation was administered based on the initial 25(OH)D concentration, at a dose of 6000 IU or 4000 IU daily for 3 months to patients with 25(OH)D concentration < 20 ng/ml and ≥ 20 ng/ml, respectively. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, as well as blood tests for 25(OH)D, TSH were performed at baseline and after supplementation.
Results. Both groups showed significant increases in 25(OH)D levels post-supplementation. In the HT group, lean body mass and muscle strength improved significantly (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02, respectively). In the Control Group, muscle strength increased (p = 0.01) and hip circumference decreased slightly (p = 0.03). No significant differences were found in body composition between the groups, although women with HT had larger hip circumferences. Correlation analysis revealed a moderately strong inverse relationship between baseline 25(OH)D levels and BMI in the Control Group (R = -0.44; p = 0.04), with no other significant associations identified.
Conclusions. Vitamin D supplementation effectively increased serum 25(OH)D levels and improved muscle strength and lean body mass in women with HT. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms by which vitamin D may impact metabolic and immune health in HT patients.
Cardiac dimensions, intraventricular septum thickness in relation to the estimated glucose disposal rate individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of the PARADISE T1DM study
Authors: Kulecki Michał , Naskręt Dariusz , Kamiński Mikołaj , Kasprzak Dominika , Lachowski Paweł , Kulczycka Ania , Kozłowska Maria , Klause Daria , Flotyńska Justyna , Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz Dorota , Uruska Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

Aim. Insulin can stimulate the growth of various cells, including cardiomyocytes, through the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway. Insulin resistance (IR), characterized by elevated circulating insulin levels, complicates long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study investigates whether IR in T1DM is associated with cardiac remodeling.
Material and methods. IR was assessed using the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) in 84 adults with T1DM of at least 5 years. Participants with an eGDR at or below the median value were considered more insulin resistant. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to measure left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), intraventricular septal thickness (IVST), right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD), and left atrial diameter (LAD). Participants were divided into two groups based on the median eGDR value. Comparisons between groups were made using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results. The median age of the participants was 40.5 years (range: 34.0-51.0), with a T1DM duration of 21.0 years (range: 15.5-27.0) and eGDR of 7.4 (range: 5.1-9.5). Of the participants, 52 (61.9%) were men. Individuals with lower eGDR had larger cardiac diameters (all in cm): LVEDD (4.5 [4.3-4.8] vs 4.75 [4.5-5]; p=0.01), LVEDD(2.7 [2.5-2.8] vs 2.8 [2.6-2.9]; p=0.02), end-systolic LAD (3.5 [3.2-3.7] vs 3.8 [3.5-3.9]; p<0.01), and thicker IVS (0.9 [0.8-1] vs 1.1 [1-1.18]; p<0.01).
Conclusions. Individuals with T1DM and lower eGDR values exhibited more pronounced cardiac remodeling, with greater LVEDD, RVEDD, and LAD dilation and increased IVST. These findings suggest that people with T1DM at risk of IR have more commonly adverse cardiac structural changes, though causality remains uncertain.
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas di Pontianak Tentang Protokol Kesehatan COVID–19
Authors: Farhan M Rizki , Fradiato Ikbal , Mita  , Sukarni  , Herman
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang:Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan kebijakan terkait penerapan pembelajaran secara langsung di seluruh sekolah di Pontianak dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan COVID-19. Penggunaan masker, cuci tangan, dan menjaga jarak menjadi hal yang wajib dilakukan untuk memproteksi diri. Pemahaman tentang protokol kesehatan sangat penting, mengingat masih sering terjadi kelalaian yang dapat menyebabkan penularan COVID-19. Pengetahuan yang baik mengenai protokol kesehatan diharapkan mampu memutus rantai penularan dan menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang aman.
Tujuan:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan siswa SMAN di Pontianak tentang protokol kesehatan COVID-19.
Metode:Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 384 responden siswa SMA di Pontianak. Responden dipilih secara acak dengan mempertimbangkan distribusi gender, usia, dan tingkat pengetahuan tentang protokol kesehatan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis untuk menggambarkan tingkat pengetahuan responden terhadap protokol kesehatan COVID-19.
Hasil:Dari 384 responden, sebanyak 215 orang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup, 145 orang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik, dan 24 orang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah. Responden terdiri dari 194 perempuan dan 190 laki-laki. Berdasarkan usia, mayoritas responden berusia 17 tahun (156 orang), sedangkan jumlah responden terendah berusia 18 tahun (37 orang).
Simpulan:Sebagian besar siswa SMAN di Pontianak memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup tentang protokol kesehatan COVID-19, dengan total 215 responden. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar untuk mengevaluasi kebutuhan peningkatan pengetahuan siswa mengenai protokol kesehatan demi mencegah penularan COVID-19 di lingkungan sekolah.
Kata Kunci:Protokol Kesehatan COVID-19, Pengetahuan Siswa, Pembelajaran Langsung, Pencegahan COVID-19, Pontianak.
Hubungan pemahaman pemaknaan beneficence (kebajikan) dengan justice (keadilan)
Authors: Wujoso Hari
Published: February 2025

Latar belakang: Prinsip beneficence (kebajikan) dan justice (keadilan) saling terkait dalam sektor medis. Beneficence menekankan usaha untuk memberikan manfaat kepada pasien, sedangkan justice mengutamakan perlakuan yang sama dan adil pada semua orang. Praktek medis yang tidak adil, seperti ketidaksamaan akses perawatan, dapat menyebabkan diskriminasi dan merugikan kelompok tertentu.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pemahaman calon dokter mengenai kedua prinsip etika ini dalam konteks pelayanan kesehatan sehari-hari.
Metode: Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengukur pemahaman mahasiswa preklinik dan dokter muda tentang prinsip beneficence dan justice. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 76 orang, dan data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariate untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap kedua prinsip etika tersebut.
Hasil: Sebagian besar mahasiswa menunjukkan pemahaman yang baik mengenai prinsip beneficence dan justice. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap kedua prinsip etika tersebut, dengan nilai P < 0,05.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemahaman tentang prinsip beneficence (kebajikan) dan justice (keadilan) pada mahasiswa kedokteran.
Kata Kunci: Etika, Mahasiswa Kedokteran, Beneficence, Justice
Perioperative management strategies for genitourinary syndrome of menopause
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Orazov M.R. , Radzinsky V.E. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Dolgov E.D. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is one of the most relevant and common postmenopausal disorders. Atrophic changes associated with progressive estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal patients affect not only epithelial but also connective tissue and muscle compartments of the pelvic floor, which also often leads to the manifestation of various pelvic organ prolapse phenotypes requiring surgical correction. Therefore, the discussion of current perioperative strategies for the management of women with verified GSM that will improve long-term treatment outcomes and quality of life is of great
importance.
Key words: genitourinary syndrome of menopause, topical hormone therapy, estriol, biofeedback therapy, HIFEM therapy
The Capacity of Volunteers in The Reproductive Health Education Program For Adolescents in East Jakarta
Authors: Retnowati Elais , Lestari Retno Dwi , Sutisna Anan
Published: February 2025

The training management procedures for PMI volunteers have not been implemented continuously due to the limited resources of this non-profit organization. This study aims to explore the capacity of volunteers after one year of training and task placement in the Reproductive and Sexual Health Program for adolescents. A qualitative approach was used to analyze the volunteers' knowledge and skills, with data collected through interviews and questionnaires involving 26 respondents. The results indicate that the volunteers' overall capacity is adequate to fulfill their roles, supported by commitment, solidarity, and the ability to share experiences. However, competency in handling cases of sexual violence remains inconsistent among volunteers. Volunteers with less than five years of experience tend to provide brief responses when assisting victims of sexual violence. The study recommends implementing regular, continuous training schedules and establishing forums or communities for volunteer experience-sharing. The outcomes of these discussions can serve as the basis for developing case-based guidebooks and FAQ lists. These learning resources are expected to enhance the capacity of new volunteers, ensuring the program's sustainability.
BATU PADAS ARTIFISIAL SEBAGAI MATERIAL ORNAMEN PATUNG ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL BALI
Authors: Adi Parthama Kadek , Wahyudi I Gede Bambang
Published: February 2025

Arsitektur Tradisional Bali (ATB) mencerminkan keharmonisan antara manusia dan alam, yang diwujudkan dalam bangunan yang dihiasi dengan ornamen simbolis dan estetis. Batu padas, yang dikenal di Bali sebagai batu "paras," merupakan salah satu material utama yang digunakan dalam ornamen ini. Batu ini berasal dari ignimbrite, produk vulkanik dari letusan Gunung Batur purba sekitar 30.000 tahun yang lalu, yang tersebar luas di Bali, terutama di wilayah Gianyar. Dengan sifatnya yang ringan, mudah dibentuk, dan bertekstur halus, batu padas telah menjadi material pilihan untuk elemen arsitektur tradisional selama berabad-abad. Namun, industri ornamen batu padas mengalami penurunan sejak masa kejayaannya pada tahun 1970-2000 akibat sulitnya memperoleh balok batu padas berukuran besar. Sebagai respons, para pengrajin mulai memproduksi batu padas artifisial dengan campuran berbagai material, termasuk serbuk batu padas dari Gianyar dan Tabanan. Kualitas batu padas artifisial ini bervariasi tergantung pada komposisinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi campuran optimal dalam pembuatan balok batu padas artifisial berukuran besar yang cocok untuk digunakan dalam ornamen ATB. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi praktis untuk mempertahankan nilai estetika dan budaya arsitektur Bali melalui material yang lebih mudah diperoleh, tahan lama, dan berkualitas tinggi.
Aplikasi Teknologi Drone dan Pendekatan OBIA Dalam Studi Idenifikasi Habitat Perairan Dangkal
Authors: Sewiko Roni , Damayanti Sania Pareka , Sagala Herlina Adelina Meria Uli
Published: February 2025

ABSTRAKHabitat perairan dangkal memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem laut dan mendukung keberlanjutan sumber daya perikanan. Namun, pemahaman dan pemantauan yang efektif terhadap habitat ini menjadi semakin krusial dalam menghadapi tantangan lingkungan yang semakin kompleks. Artikel ini mengungkapkan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi habitat perairan dangkal dengan memanfaatkan teknologi drone dan pendekatan Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA). Inovasi utama dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan drone untuk pemetaan habitat perairan dangkal, yang menghadirkan metode yang lebih efisien dan akurat dibandingkan dengan survei konvensional. Metode OBIA digunakan dalam pengolahan data citra drone, dengan dukungan Ground Truth Habitat dan analisis algoritma SVM. Hasilnya, tingkat akurasi keseluruhan mencapai 77%, dengan tingkat akurasi tertinggi untuk Lamun sebesar 22,6% dan terendah untuk karang mati sebesar 4,1%. Penggunaan user's accuracy juga mencerminkan hasil yang bervariasi, dengan akurasi tertinggi untuk Lamun sebesar 91% dan terendah untuk karang mati sebesar 54%. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pemahaman lebih dalam tentang habitat perairan dangkal, memfasilitasi pemantauan yang lebih efektif, dan memberikan landasan untuk upaya konservasi lebih lanjut di ekosistem perairan dangkal.Kata Kunci: Drone, OBIA, penginderaan jauh, SIG, pesisirABSTRACTShallow water habitats play a crucial role in Maintaining marine ecosystem balance and supporting sustainable fisheries resources. However, effective understanding and monitoring of these habitats have become increasingly critical in the face of complex environmental challenges. This article unveils research aimed at identifying shallow water habitats using drone technology and an Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) approach. The primary innovation in this study lies in the utilization of drones for shallow water habitat mapping, presenting a more efficient and accurate method compared to conventional surveys. OBIA methods were employed in processing drone image data, supported by Ground Truth Habitat and SVM algorithm analysis. The overall accuracy reached 77%, with the highest accuracy rates for Seagrass at 22.6% and the lowest for Dead Coral at 4.1%. User's accuracy usage also reflected varied results, with the highest accuracy for Seagrass at 91% and the lowest for Dead Coral at 54%. This research makes a significant contribution to a deeper understanding of shallow water habitats, facilitating more effective monitoring and providing a foundation for further conservation efforts in shallow water ecosystems.Keywords: Drone, OBIA, remote sensing, GIS, coastal
Analisa Indeks Saprobitas di Perairan Padelegan Sebagai Air Baku Tambak Garam UTM
Authors: Asmarani Agil Silva , Indriyawati Novi , Dewi Kartika , Winata Dimas Chandra , Bachri Abdul Rozak , Lestari Dewi Ayu , Safitri Seliya
Published: February 2025

ABSTRAKPlankton merupakan organisme perairan yang keberadaannya dapat menjadi bioindikator perubahan kualitas biologi perairan. Plankton memiliki peran penting dalam mempengaruhi produktivitas primer perairan laut khususnya fitoplankton. Fitoplankton merupakan mikroorganisme authotroph sehingga dapat membuat makanannya sendiri dengan cara fotosintesis. Dengan demikian, fitoplankton di perairan dapat dijadikan sebagai petunjuk untuk mengetahui kondisi atau kualitas dan tingkat pencemaran suatu perairan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas dan tingkat pencemaran pada air laut sumber utama pembuatan garam di tambak garam UTM. Metode yang digunakan adalah menghitung kelimpahan dan indeks saprobitas sebagai acuan dalam menentukan tingkat pencemaran dengan waktu pengambilan sampel pada pagi, siang serta malam. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan kelimpahan fitoplankton pada setiap titik pengambilan sampel 15.000 ind/l yang tergolong eutrofik yaitu perairan memiliki tingkat kesuburan yang tinggi. Tingkat pencemar perairan sesuai dengan indeks saprobitas tergolong sedang β/α-mesosaprobik pada sampel siang hari dan ringan β -mesosaprobik pada sampel pagi dan malam hari.Kata kunci : Fitoplankton, Indeks saprobitas, Tambak Garam UTMABSTRACKPlankton are aquatic organisms whose presence can be a bioindicator of changes in the biological quality of waters. Plankton has an important role in influencing the primary productivity of marine waters, especially phytoplankton. Phytoplankton are autotroph microorganisms that can make their own food by photosynthesis. Thus, phytoplankton in the waters can be used as a guide to determine the condition or quality and level of pollution of a waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality and level of pollution in seawater, the main source of salt production in UTM salt ponds. The methodused is to calculate the abundanceof phytoplankton and saprobity index as a reference in determining the level of pollution by sampling time in the morning, afternoon and evening. Based on the calculation of the abundance of phytoplankton at each sampling point 15,000 ind/l which is classified as eutrophic, the waters have a high level of fertility. The water pollutant level according to the saprobity index was classified as moderate β /α-mesosaprobic in the daytime sample and light β -mesosaprobic in the morning and evening samples.Keyword: Phytoplankton, Saprobity Index, Salt Pond UTM
Estrategias En Telepsicología Y Telemedicina Durante Pandemia Por COVID 19. Revisión Sistemática.
Authors: Montoya Arenas David Andres , Bahamonde Olaya Santiago , Jaramillo Ramirez Sofia , Saldarriaga Gomez Juanita , Saldarriaga Gomez Juanita , Alvarez Arboleda Lina Mária , Isaza Valencia Laura
Published: February 2025

Since the year 2020, the necessity to provide remote healthcare services has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to slow down the spread of this disease. Although these efforts have been valued, they have implied different challenges and still are insufficient from a global perspective. A review of the literature was found pertinent to identify in retrospect the strategies adopted, enabling a synthesis of their results, allowing, among other things, that future projects can work from what has been learned. Therefore, the objective was: to identify strategies for the promotion, prevention, and mental health care during and after confinement by COVID-19 from the literature review. For this, a systematic review was carried out that included four databases: PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and Science Direct. Among the most contrasted results, these strategies were found as opportune means that facilitate the streamlining of processes, results, and communications. Among its difficulties, the following stood out: the quality of care, diagnostic limitations, treatment adherence, and the lack of training, both for health personnel and for users/patients.
Dinámicas territoriales del emprendimiento LEADER en Aragón (España) (periodo 2014-2020)
Authors: Hernández María Luz , Serrano Andrés Alberto , Suñén Lavilla Isabel
Published: February 2025

En el medio rural aragonés, el emprendimiento autónomo se consolida como una vía clave para la creación de empleo y actividad económica. El nuevo Programa LEADER 2023-2027, inmerso en un proceso de redefinición, busca superar las barreras que han dificultado la participación de colectivos como mujeres y jóvenes, además de seguir siendo una herramienta fundamental para apoyar el emprendimiento autónomo en estos territorios. Así, este trabajo plantea una serie de preguntas para contribuir en este proceso de redefinición del Programa LEADER: ¿Cómo influye el nivel de desarrollo de los municipios rurales en el reparto de los proyectos y de las inversiones protagonizadas por emprendedores autónomos? ¿Cuál es el rol que desempeñan los jóvenes y las mujeres dentro del grupo de los autónomos? Para responder a estas preguntas, se realiza un análisis cuantitativo a partir de la base de datos completa e interna del programa LEADER del Gobierno de Aragón en el periodo 2014-2020 y del Índice Sintético de Desarrollo Territorial (en adelante, ISDT) elaborado por el Gobierno de Aragón. Los resultados muestran una mayor concentración de las iniciativas e inversiones de emprendimiento autónomo en los municipios de mayor entidad y nivel de desarrollo, aunque existiendo importantes diferencias por sexo y edades.
Sistema urbano policéntrico, accesibilidad y “gradientes” demográficos en Extremadura (España)
Authors: Gurría Gascón José Luis , Sánchez Martín José Manuel , Ruiz Labrador Enrique Eugenio , Hernández Carretero Ana María
Published: February 2025

En las últimas décadas se han acelerado los fuertes desequilibrios territoriales, como consecuencia en buena medida del proceso de concentración económica y demográfica en las ciudades a escala planetaria. Frente a esta situación, las principales instituciones europeas e, incluso, la ONU proponen un modelo policéntrico de ciudades que deben descentralizar el desarrollo y estabilizar a la población rural. En este sentido, Extremadura es un caso paradigmático en España: es una región rural, de interior y fronteriza, que mantiene todavía a la mitad de su población en el medio rural y no tiene ningún municipio abandonado. Esto se debe a un poblamiento más concentrado y a su sistema policéntrico de ciudades, que lo explican básicamente. Sin embargo, tiene una amplia franja exterior con una despoblación importante. Se ha realizado un análisis de redes con SIG, delimitando una serie de rangos de accesibilidad que han permitido constatar “gradientes” regresivos, muy regulares, en todas las variables demográficas hasta los 40 minutos. Más allá de esta distancia, las pérdidas de población se aproximan al 65 %. Se plantea además la ampliación del sistema policéntrico con el impulso de cinco núcleos, tradicionales cabeceras comarcales en esas áreas periféricas, con las que el 85,6 % de la población estaría a menos de 30 minutos de ese sistema urbano y el 98 % a menos de 45.
“No han hecho nada” ante la “desaparición irreversible de asentamientos”: la percepción local de las políticas territoriales contra la despoblación en las sierras de Queixa y San Mamede (Galicia)
Authors: Paül Valerià , Rodríguez Rodríguez Manuel , Vila Vázquez José Ignacio
Published: February 2025

Desde inicios de los años 1980, se han diseñado políticas sucesivas destinadas a paliar la despoblación de las sierras de Queixa y San Mamede, situadas en el sureste de Galicia. Sin embargo, desde entonces, la demografía del área de estudio presenta una recesión marcada. El artículo pretende explorar esta incoherencia aparente a través de la realización y análisis de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 30 actores clave en el territorio. La interpretación de los resultados obtenidos apunta a que estos no perciben políticas explícitas para el macizo montañoso, aunque este trabajo demuestre que han existido planes de ordenación e incluso algunos están en vigor. Más allá de esta contradicción, determinados entrevistados detectan la incidencia en el área de políticas territoriales sectoriales (turismo y espacios naturales protegidos), que juzgan como inadecuadas. En este sentido, la investigación realizada aporta propuestas territoriales alternativas de la mano de los actores, en particular, en la línea de la promoción de la agricultura y la ganadería.
La segunda mejor opción de un territorio como desafío a la despoblación rural: aplicación al Pirineo Catalán
Authors: Vera Martín Ana , Tulla Pujol Antoni F.
Published: February 2025

El Alt Pirineu i Aran (APiA) se ha ido despoblando desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta la década de 1990 cuando ha recuperado población por la inmigración, básicamente extranjera, y un proceso de naturbanización, concentrándose en los pueblos del fondo de los valles mejor comunicados. Utilizando el método de la segunda mejor opción (SMO) se han podido identificar las actividades y usos del suelo (AyUS) más adecuados para una mejora económica de cada comarca del APiA y así recuperar población. La SMO permite delimitar que AyUS podrían ser los más adecuados para un territorio, aunque hubiera otros territorios más aptos para hacerlo mejor. Se utilizan grupos focales (metodología cualitativa) para aplicar el método de la SMO y datos secundarios (metodología cuantitativa) para el análisis de la población. Los resultados muestran un territorio diversificado entre los núcleos de población con distintos grados de funcionalidad, la mayor o menor importancia de las segundas residencias en cada comarca, y la existencia de proyectos de emprendedores alrededor de los espacios naturales protegidos. Los AyUS propuestos para cada una de las seis comarcas del APiA permiten plantear recomendaciones para un territorio viable económica, social y ambientalmente que facilite mantener o incluso mejorar su población.
Evaluación de la accesibilidad de las zonas rurales y remotas a los servicios prestados de forma digital: fundamentos e implicaciones analíticas
Authors: Parrilla Huertas Juan Antonio , Escalona Orcao Ana Isabel
Published: February 2025

El trabajo parte de la expectativa de que el declive demográfico seguirá afectando a las zonas rurales de Europa, especialmente a las más remotas, y que, para paliar sus efectos sobre la provisión de servicios, en un contexto de recursos decrecientes, podrían generalizarse fórmulas de prestación digital en la confianza de que, además de favorecerse el acceso de la población a más servicios, se ayudaría a mejorar el atractivo de las áreas rurales. Al reflexionar sobre cómo evaluar la nueva accesibilidad en un contexto digital, revisamos los factores que debieran tomarse en consideración, entre los cuales ya no está el factor “distancia”, y proponemos variables encaminadas a evaluar la accesibilidad digital, apreciando sin embargo que su aplicabilidad está muy comprometida por la inexistencia de datos a escala local. Concluimos instando a la continuación de la investigación y recomendando que los avances en la prestación digital de servicios vayan en paralelo a la generación de datos que permitan evaluar la calidad del acceso de la población de las áreas rurales a los servicios digitales, para verificar que se cumplen los supuestos respecto de una mejor prestación y del mayor atractivo de las zonas beneficiarias.
Plan de negocios para la implementación de tienda física y la venta de bisutería, en la provincia de Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas
Authors:   , Yahuarcani Tapayuri Jorge , Reategui Arbildo Alexandra , Ruiz Romero Fabiola , Farfan Cornejo Rocio del Carmen
Published: February 2025

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo la creación de una tienda física de bisutería en la provincia de Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, en respuesta a la escasa oferta de este tipo de productos en la región. La tienda se orientará a ofrecer a las mujeres mendocinas una amplia gama de accesorios, incluyendo pendientes, anillos, collares y pulseras, que les permitan realzar su estilo personal y belleza, cubriendo una demanda insatisfecha en el área. La propuesta de valor se centra en ser la primera tienda física en la provincia con un enfoque exclusivo en bisutería, asegurando un alcance suficiente para satisfacer al público objetivo en la región. Estudios realizados en el país indican que los artículos de belleza ocupan el cuarto lugar en preferencias de compra, y en Rodríguez de Mendoza, el 77.7% de los encuestados manifiesta interés en adquirir bisutería. Adicionalmente, las encuestas revelan que el 77.3% de los habitantes de la provincia percibe la falta de establecimientos que ofrezcan una oferta adecuada de este tipo de accesorios. Este análisis refleja una clara oportunidad de mercado para abrir una tienda que no solo cubra la demanda local, sino que también impulse el emprendimiento en la región y responda a las necesidades de estilo y belleza de la mujer mendocina.
El derecho sucesorio de los hijos: el trato diferenciado por estado de necesidad
Authors:   , Ccarhuacusma Bernardo Tatiana Isabel , Robledo Merino Jessenia Alely
Published: February 2025

Una de las disciplinas trascendentales del Derecho Peruano lo comprende el derecho sucesorio, en el cual los herederos forzosos son los principales protagonistas. Sin embargo, al referirnos a los herederos forzosos, específicamente a los hijos (matrimoniales, extramatrimoniales y adoptivos), se observa disparidad entre los mismos, debido a que no todos se encuentran en condiciones de igualdad ya sean económicas, físicas, intelectuales, etc; colocándolos en un estado de necesidad, es decir, en circunstancias económicas, físicas y/o intelectuales precarias o de extrema necesidad sea por caso fortuito o fuerza mayor, las mismas impiden que satisfagan sus necesidades básicas. Por su parte, la legislación peruana vigente evidencia vacíos jurídicos respecto de los hijos que se encuentran en estado de necesidad, lo que genera un punto de quiebre dentro del derecho sucesorio; debido a que, al no estar prevista en la ley, impactan significativa y negativamente en la salvaguarda de los derechos y la igualdad de los hijos. Por tales razones, se debe tomar en consideración la necesidad de establecer un trato diferenciado por estado de necesidad en relación al Código Civil, articulo 818, el cual regula sobre la distribución igualitaria para los hijos en una sucesión; a fin de salvaguardar los derechos de los menos favorecidos en relación al estado de necesidad en el que pudiera encontrarse, evitando tratar como iguales a los que se encuentran en situaciones de desigualdad.
Calculation of additional stresses in irregularly shaped foundation soils under non-uniform loading
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhang Zechu , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: February 2025

The classical calculation method of additional stresses in foundation soils was established based on the Flamant and Boussinesq solutions in elasticity theory. This method can only calculate the additional stresses in foundations with regular shapes and under regularly distributed base pressures. Based on the Gauss–Legendre numerical product formula, which is independent of the specific form of the product function, a suitable method for calculating the additional stresses in irregularly shaped foundation soils under non-uniform loads was established in this study. Using Simpson’s formula to perform integration over the domain, Gaussian summation calculation methods for the additional stresses in foundation soil under non-uniform loads in rectangular domains, under loads in non-rectangular domains, and under irregular loads and loads in irregular integration regions were derived. The combination of the complex product algorithm and a computer program further efficiently improved the calculation accuracy. Validation examples showed that the Gaussian product calculation method of additional stresses in foundation soil was completely consistent with classical elasticity theory, and the results of the Gaussian product calculation method converged to the classical elasticity theory prediction when the complex product formula was applied. Based on validation and application examples, the method has advantages over the finite element method in terms of modeling difficulty, computational accuracy, computational volume, and computational cost when calculating additional stresses in foundation soil. The research results provide a new method and idea for the calculation of additional stresses in irregularly shaped flexible foundation soils under non-uniform loads.
Nrf1 deficiency promotes tubular ferroptosis by regulating ACSL4 in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Ci Xinxin , Hu Jianqiang , Zhang yan , Zhang Yanmin
Published: February 2025

Nrf1 is a transcription factor that is highly conserved and reacts to oxidative, proteotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cells; nonetheless, its function in the context of acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. Using a model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, we found that the expression of Nrf1, which is expressed at high levels in renal tubular cells, was significantly downregulated after cisplatin treatment. Proximal tubule-specific Nrf1 knockout worsened and Nrf1 overexpression attenuated cisplatin-induced (CI)-AKI. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that Nrf1 overexpression decreased the number of transcripts involved in cell death, specifically those associated with ferroptosis, after cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, ferroptosis responses, characterized by increased lipid peroxidation and iron content and decreased FPN, XCT and glutathione peroxidase 4 levels, were attenuated in Nrf1-overexpressing HK-2 cells but worsened in Nrf1-knockout mice and Nrf1-knockdown HK-2 cells. Moreover, lipidomic and RNA sequencing results indicated that Nrf1 regulated the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and inhibited the expression of ACSL4. Additionally, ChIP experiments revealed that Nrf1 bound to the promoter region of ACSL4, thereby inhibiting its transcription. Furthermore, inhibitors of ACSL4 significantly reduced the sensitivity of HK-2 cells to ferroptosis induced by Nrf1 knockdown. Collectively, these findings suggest that Nrf1 is a novel target for inhibiting ferroptosis in renal tubule cells by suppressing the transcription and expression of ACSL4, thereby reducing PUFA levels. Consequently, activators developed for Nrf1 may hold therapeutic potential in the treatment of patients with CI-AKI.
Is There a Relationship Between EROT and MOXO D-CPT Tests?
Authors: DENİZ Serdal , GİRAY Açelya SİVRİKAYA
Published: February 2025

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that begins in childhood. ADHD is often accompanied by comorbid disorders and learning difficulties. It affects more boys than girls and is characterized by problems in the areas of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. This study was conducted to find out whether there is a relationship between children's behaviors observed during the EROT test and their low performance in listening comprehension skills from the EROT test results and the risk of ADHD. The study was conducted in a longitudinal model. Eight participants aged 5–7 years participated in the study. The data were obtained with EROT test and MOXO d-CPT test. The data were analyzed descriptively according to the results of EROT and MOXO d-CPT tests. As a result of the study, it was concluded that children's problem behaviors and low scores in the listening comprehension dimension during the EROT test may be related to ADHD and that it is important to follow up these children in the future in order to benefit from the MOXO d-CPT test in early detection and diagnosis in case of a possible ADHD risk.
Application of a Mixed Logit Model with Explicitly Correlated Coefficients for Best‒Worst Scaling Case 1 Data: A Case Study of Preferences for Job Opportunities in Rural Indonesia
Authors: Komatsu Satoru , Ohdoko Taro , Pongoliu Yayu Isyana D. , Sakakibara Masayuki
Published: February 2025

Best‒worst scaling (BWS), which is housed under the category of stated preference methods, elicits respondents to select their top choice and their least favorite choice from choice sets. Mixed logit models have been frequently applied for estimating preferences. This study starts with a discussion of the estimation procedures of BWS and shows the necessity of applying a mixed logit model with correlated parameters to account for taste correlation and scale heterogeneity. As a case study, this study investigates latent preferences for new job opportunities in Indonesia, where the release of mercury (Hg) and its components into the atmosphere has had serious impacts on human health. The estimation results indicate that the most highly valued attribute for job opportunities is the provision of employment opportunities for society, followed by the frequency of salary payments and improvements in the environmental quality of the region. The estimation results also reveal that there is a significant degree of preference uncertainty in the choice of options in the middle-evaluated options. The research emphasizes that careful explanations are required to determine whether the choice sets provide reasonable policy menus for respondents or whether the middle-ranked attributes can be guided by the presence of other attributes.
Acute Viral Infection Accelerates Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Model of ALS
Authors: Miller Matthew , Marzok Art , Mapletoft Jonathan , Cowbrough Braeden , Celeste Daniel , D'Agostino Michael , Ang Jann , Chen Andrew , Surendran Vithushan , Dvorkin-Gheva Anna , Zhang Ali , Stacey Hannah , Lam Mannie , Kollar Yasmine , Milnes Kevin , Afkhami Sam
Published: February 2025

While several viral infections have been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the mechanism(s) through which they promote disease has remained almost entirely elusive. This study investigated the impact of common, acute viral infections prior to disease onset on ALS progression in the SOD1G93A mouse model. A single sublethal infection prior to onset of ALS clinical signs was associated with markedly accelerated ALS disease progression characterized by rapid loss of hindlimb function. Prior infection resulted in gliosis in the lumbar spine and upregulation of transcriptional pathways involved in inflammatory responses, metabolic dysregulation, and muscular dysfunction. Therapeutic suppression of gliosis with an anti-inflammatory small molecule, or administration of a direct-acting antiviral, was associated with significantly improved ALS clinical signs, akin to what was observed in uninfected animals. This study provides causal and mechanistic evidence that the immune response elicited by acute viral infections may be an important etiological factor that alters ALS disease trajectory, and provides insight into novel therapeutic and preventative strategies for ALS.
Elevated serum uric acid level correlates with the severity of renal histopathology in IgA nephropathy and establishment of a nomogram model
Authors: Wang Huifang , Liu Jun , Jiang Chunhui , Liu Xuemei , Xu Yan
Published: February 2025

Background. IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is also a major cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). We aimed to explore the relationship between the levels of serum uric acidand the degree of renal histopathological damage in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and build a nomogram model.
Methods. It was a retrospective study. The clinical and histopathologicaldata of patients with primary IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy were collected. Risk factors of severe renal histopathologicaldamage in IgAN patients were identified by logistic regression analysis. A nomogram model was established based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The C-index and calibration plots were used for the evaluation of the discrimination and calibration performance, respectively.
Results. A total of 594 patients were retrospectively analyzedin the study. Compared with patients without hyperuricemia, patients with hyperuricemia had lower eGFR and higher body mass index, mean arterial pressure (MAP), hemoglobin, serum uric acid, triglycerides, IgA, complement 3, complement 4, proteinuria and severe renal histopathological damage ( p<0.05). Hemoglobin, serum uric acid, eGFR, IgA and proteinuria were identified and entered into the nomogram models. The C-index of this prediction model was 0.689 (95% CI 0.639–0.738). KM survival curve analysis showed that hyperuricemia and severe renal histopathological damage had a higher risk of progression to death or ESRD(p <0.001).
Conclusions. Serum uric acid levels are independently associated with severe renal histopathological damage and poor prognosis in IgAN patients.
The relationship between poor glycemic control and diaphragmatic thickness in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Açmaz Banu , Burcek Vasfiye Nihan , LACIN Mahmut Burak , BICER Serap , HOROZOGLU Hılal , SIMSEK Zuhal Ozer , KOC Ali , SIMSEK Yasın
Published: February 2025

Background/aim:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the diaphragm muscle.
Materials and methods
A total of 120 volunteers were divided into two groups: 60 healthy individuals and 60 diagnosed with diabetes. Both the healthy control group and the type 2 DM group were matched for diaphragm thickness, diaphragmatic excursion, diaphragmatic thickening fraction, and costophrenic angle. All diabetic patients underwent electromyography to assess possible diabetic neuropathy. These patients were then divided into subgroups based on their peripheral neuropathy status and whether their diabetes was poorly regulated.
Results
In DM patients with poorly regulated glucose levels, we found a significant decrease in both right and left diaphragm thickness during expiration and inspiration. However, no difference was recorded between the groups regarding diaphragm movements and the left costodiaphragmatic angle. There was no significant difference in the mean age or body mass index between the two groups, regardless of diabetes regulation status.
Conclusion
Sarcopenia is a known condition in diabetic patients, but its impact on the diaphragm muscle is not well understood. The potential respiratory comorbidities related to sarcopenia could contribute to the morbidity and poor quality of life associated with diabetes, in addition to the known vascular complications and end-organ damage. Previous studies have shown that lung conditions are more common in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This may require clinicians to assess respiratory functions in diabetic patients. We hypothesize that the diaphragm muscle, affected by sarcopenia, may contribute to the increased prevalence of respiratory diseases in this population.
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites with Pfhrp2 exon 2 gene deletion in symptomatic malaria patients across Ghana in 2021
Authors: Bredu Dorcas G. , Asamoah Alexander , Asumah George A. , Abban Bernice C. , Anang Sherik-fa , Peprah Nana Y. , Tey Prosper K. , Kwapong Sebastian S. , Chamai Martin , Amoako Eunice O. , Abuaku Benjamin , Amoah Linda E. , Malm Keziah L.
Published: February 2025

Background
Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2-based RDTs (PfHRP2-based RDTs) are the most widely used malaria RDTs across Africa. The emergence and spread of Pfhrp2 gene-deleted parasites has prompted nationwide surveillance to monitor trends and potential hotspots for mutant parasite clones. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of Pfhrp2 gene deletions in Ghana.
Methods
The First Response® HRP2 RDT (First Response RDT) and CareStart™ HRP2/panLDH Combo RDT (Combo kit) were used to screen suspected malaria individuals seeking care in 160 public healthcare facilities across all 16 regions of Ghana, between June and August 2021. DNA was extracted from the dry blood spots to confirm the presence of P. falciparum and subsequently, Pfhrp2 gene deletion by PCR.
Results
The overall malaria positivity for the two RDTs was similar: 72.3% (95% CI: 71.4–73.2) for the First Response RDT and 71.5% (95% CI: 70.6–72.4) for the HRP2/panLDH Combo kit (p = 0.215). Pfhrp2 exon 2 gene deletions were identified in 0.3% (19/5,611) of samples that tested positive for both the First Response RDT and the panLDH band of the Combo kit, and 9.1% (2/22) of the missed infections, leading to an overall Pfhrp2 exon 2 gene deletion of 0.4% (21/5,633).
Conclusion
The present work conducted in 2021, determined Pfhrp2 deletions in Ghana to be less than 1% with almost equal distribution across 16 regions. This finding offers assurance for the continued reliance on HRP2-based RDTs for screening in public health clinics in Ghana.
Relating household entomological measures to individual malaria risk
Authors: McClure Max , Arinaitwe Emmanuel , Kamya Moses R. , Rosenthal Philip J. , Nankabirwa Joaniter , Maxwell Kilama , Musiime Alex , Dorsey Grant , Greenhouse Bryan , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel
Published: February 2025

Background
The gold standard measure of malaria exposure is the entomological inoculation rate (EIR), or the number of infectious bites an individual receives over a given period. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether household EIR reflects heterogeneity in individual infection risk.
Methods
To investigate this relationship, we used data collected from a cohort of 439 children aged 0.5-5 years in 239 households from 2011–2017 in three Ugandan districts: low-EIR Jinja, intermediate-EIR Kanungu and high-EIR Tororo. Participants underwent passive and quarterly active surveillance for clinical malaria, defined as fever with positive thick blood smear. Monthly vector densities and sporozoite rates in participating households were estimated using CDC light traps. We assessed the association between spatiotemporally smoothed household log2-transformed EIR and individual malaria incidence using Poisson generalized additive mixed effects models.
Results
Comparison across sites suggested an increasing relationship between average EIR and malaria incidence. Within-site relationships, however, varied by site, with a positive association in Kanungu (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.09, 95% credible interval 1.04–1.14) but none in Jinja (1.02, 0.774–1.26) or Tororo (1.02, 0.986–1.06).
Conclusions
These results show the relationship between measured EIR and malaria incidence may depend on local transmission dynamics and be strongest at intermediate EIR, while underscoring the challenges of using household-level measures of exposure.
Clinical Features, Endoscopic Features, Histological Features and Outcomes of Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Loh Audrey Joe Chii , Chee Nicholas Ming Zher , Ong Leong Tung
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Despite a decrease in tuberculosis (TB) incidence worldwide, TB is still the second leading cause of infectious disease deaths. Diagnosing gastrointestinal TB is challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and often negative tests. Our study aims is to analyse the clinical presentations, endoscopic and features, treatment, and outcome of gastrointestinal TB among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV).
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect and Ovid SP from inception up until 31st January 2024 to identify relevant case reports. Descriptive statistics were summarized as percentages for categorical variables, and mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the predictors of mortality. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0.
Results
A total of 44 cases from 41 case reports were included in this systematic review. The mean age was 36.23 ± 9.13 where 81.8% were male. Common clinical presentations reported were fever (63.6%), abdominal pain (61.4%) and weight loss (54.5%). Ileum (31.8%) was the most common anatomic location for gastrointestinal TB. The most common endoscopic features was visualized were ulceration (76.7%) followed by polyps (26.7%). The common histological features were granuloma (50%), caseating or necrotizing granuloma (42.1%), and mucosal inflammation (31.6%). 41 cases received anti-tuberculosis therapy while 19 cases underwent surgery. The mortality rate reported was 24.4%.
Conclusion
The diagnosis of gastrointestinal TB should be considered in PLHIV presenting with constitutional and gastrointestinal symptoms. Subsequently, comprehensive workup should be performed to confirm the diagnosis followed by prompt treatment.