bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Venous Thromboembolic Complications in Patients with Acute Chemical Poisoning
Authors: Belova M. V. , Ilyashenko K. K. , Sukhodolova G. N. , Kungurtsev E. V. , Polunin A. V. , Potskhveriya M. M. , Simonova A. Yu.
Published: October 2024

RELEVANCE. Venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) occur in patients hospitalized with various pathologies, complicate treatment and increase mortality. This problem has not received enough attention in toxicology.

AIM OF THE STUDY. Conduct an analysis of VTEC in patients with acute chemical poisoning (AP).

MATERIAL AND METHODS. The hospital patient records and pathological examination reports of 670 patients of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine who died from VTEC in the period 2016–2022 were retrospectively analyzed. VTEC were confirmed by Doppler ultrasound during life or during pathological examination. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the IBM computer program SPSS Statistics 26.0.

RESULTS. VTEC were diagnosed in 245 patients. The proportion of VTEC increased from 20.2 to 46.7% over the years, and in cases of VTEC caused by psychopharmacological drugs, they were registered in 48.8% of cases. VTEC occurred twice more often in people over 60 years of age and 1.3-fold more often in women. Deep vein thrombosis of the right lower limb was predominant in all types of poisoning, and the prevalence of the lesion was mainly local. Concomitant cardiovascular diseases, oncological diseases, diabetes mellitus, and the development of pneumonia increased the risk of VTEC. Pulmonary embolism was observed in more than a third of cases of VTEC in patients with VTEC caused by psychopharmacological drugs, corrosive substances, and hypotensive and antiarrhythmic drugs.

CONCLUSIONS. The characteristics of venous thromboembolic complications in acute chemical poisoning in general is similar to the complications indicated that arise in other pathologies, but has some features caused by the effect of specific chemicals on the body.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart is a Robust Method for Diagnosing Myocardial Lesions with Low Availability in Emergency Cardiology Departments
Authors: Kononov S. K. , Solovev O. V.
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the problem of underuse, low availability of modern imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging of the heart (MRI). This technique is characterized by high accuracy and uniqueness in the diagnosis of myocardial lesions of various genesis. The widespread introduction of this technique in emergency cardiology departments can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of patient therapy. Despite the high costs of implementation and current use, modern diagnostic methods can save healthcare resources by reducing hospital stays and improving treatment outcomes.
Intensive Care for Anaphylaxis in Children: Current Trends
Authors: Bykov Yu. V. , Obedin A. N. , Fischer V. V. , Volkov E. V. , Zinchenko O. V.
Published: October 2024

Anaphylaxis is an acute allergic reaction with rapid clinical development and risk of death. This article provides an analysis of literary sources devoted to intensive care of anaphylaxis in childhood. It was revealed that the prevalence of anaphylaxis is increasing, in children and adolescents as well. The main triggers of anaphylaxis in pediatric practice include food products, insect bites and drugs. Anaphylaxis is an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction of type 1, characterized by the release of chemical mediators that lead to smooth muscle contraction, increased permeability and vasodilation and vagal activation. Clinically, anaphylaxis is manifested by allergic skin rash, angioedema, obstruction of the upper respiratory tract (URT), broncho-obstructive syndrome (BOS), arterial hypotension, tachycardia. Intensive care for anaphylaxis in children begins with stabilization of the condition: stopping the entry of a possible allergen into the body, hospitalization in the anesthesiology and intensive care unit, restoring patency of the URT, conducting oxygen therapy, monitoring vital functions. The first-line drug for the treatment of anaphylaxis in children is adrenaline at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg, which stops all the main pathophysiological links of anaphylaxis. Adrenaline autoinjectors are not used in the Russian Federation. Second-line drugs for intensive care for anaphylaxis in children include glucocorticosteroids (GCS), antihistamines, bronchodilators and infusion therapy. The effectiveness of GCS in anaphylaxis in children has not been proven, antihistamines can relieve skin manifestations of an allergic reaction, but do not affect vital disorders. Bronchodilators reduce BOS and are an additional treatment, while infusion therapy eliminates hypovolemia. Knowledge and timely implementation of modern care algorithms for anaphylaxis in children and adolescents will improve the quality of emergency care and reduce the risk of fatal outcomes in this pathology.
Burns, Sepsis and Procalcitonin
Authors: Spiridonova T. G. , Zhirkova E. A. , Sachkov A. V. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: October 2024

The basis of the pathogenesis of burn disease is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome with episodes of bacteremia and the development of sepsis. An analysis of the literature showed that the existing clinical diagnostic scales for sepsis do not allow a confident diagnosis. The interest in changes in the concentration of procalcitonin in the blood serum is justified by the fact that this prohormone is one of the proinflammatory mediators, the concentration of which quickly increases during local and systemic bacterial and fungal infections. It seems important to consider the possibilities of various scales for determining the criteria for sepsis, analyze the values of procalcitonin and its monitoring for more effective diagnosis and procalcitonin-controlled antibiotic therapy in patients with burns.

CONCLUSION. The problem of clinical diagnosis of sepsis in patients with burns has not yet been solved. Procalcitonin is an effective biomarker of bacterial infection, and its monitoring reflects the dynamics of the burn disease, predicts the outcome, indicates the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and allows for its correction.
Algorithm for Managing Patients Hospitalized in the Surgical Wards Due to COVID-19-Related Acute Abdominal Pathology
Authors: Buribayev D. G. , Tulyaganov D. B. , Anvarov Kh. E.
Published: October 2024

AIM OF THE STUDY. Was to improve the outcomes of treatment of patients with COVID-19-related acute abdominal pathology by developing and implementing an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of those patients.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 200 patients who were randomized into two groups. This research was retrospective, based on the analysis of the medical histories of patients hospitalized with clinical manifestations of acute abdominal pathology that developed against the background of COVID-19. All medical histories in emergency departments and centers of the Republic of Uzbekistan were analyzed in the period from the beginning of the declaration of the pandemic (March 2020) to July 2022 inclusive.

RESULTS. In the context of an infectious disease pandemic (COVID–19 as an example), it is very important to develop an algorithm for managing patients with acute surgical pathology. This algorithm should include a diagnostic component with the purpose of timely diagnosis of acute surgical pathology and hospitalization in the surgical department. The next step is to identify patients with a high risk of perioperative complications and adverse outcomes. The final component of the algorithm is the correction of possible risk factors for adverse outcomes.

CONCLUSION. The duration of hospitalization of patients who underwent surgery for acute abdominal pathology was significantly longer during the pandemic compared to that of in the post-pandemic period (10.35±7.01 vs. 5.83±3.85 days, p<0.001), which may be due to both changes in the structure of the pathology and a larger number of complicated forms. The application of the developed algorithm will optimize the management of patients with COVID-19-related acute surgical pathology, guarantee rapid decision-making while minimizing the risk of infection, reduce the risk of complications and adverse outcomes.
Impact of Sewage Discharge on The Community Structure and Gonad Maturity of Fish in The Way Awi River Bandar Lampung
Authors: Sa'diah Annisa Nurul , Tugiyono Tugiyono , Suratman Umar  , Gregorius Nugroho Susanto
Published: October 2024

Water pollution refers to the introduction of living organisms, substances, or other components by human activities that can degrade water quality or cause environmental harm. Gonad maturity level indicates the stage of readiness of prospective broodstock for the spawning process, assessed through visual and histological methods. This study aimed to assess water quality in the Way Awi River based on fish community structure and to evaluate the impact of sewage discharge on fish gonad maturity levels in Bandar Lampung's Way Awi River. Conducted between November and December 2023, this research sampled five points along the Way Awi River. Chemical analysis included pH, BOD, COD, and DO, while physical parameters such as temperature and TSS (Total Suspended Solids) were also analyzed. The findings indicate that the Way Awi River is moderately polluted, with no significant impact on the community structure, although there is a noticeable decrease in fish numbers from upstream to downstream. This study underscores the importance of understanding the risks associated with continuous disposal of waste into rivers.
Potential of Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) Extract as a Substitute for Eosin in Hematoxylin-Eosin Histological Staining
Authors: Nadifah Fitri , Prasetyaningsih Yuliana , Muhajir Nurlaili Farida , Murtiningrum Sri , Ohoiwutun Clara Shinta D.P , Puspita Elisabet Della
Published: October 2024

Staining is an important stage in preparing microscopic preparations so that the histological structure can be observed clearly. Hematoxylin-Eosin is the most widely used dye. Unfortunately, eosin is a synthetic chemical compound that is carcinogenic. To reduce the health and environmental impacts of eosin compounds, it is important to look for alternative dyes from natural ingredients. Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) is a plant known to contain anthocyanins which can be used as eosin substitutes. This study aims to determine the potential of hibiscus extract as a substitute for eosin in histological staining. In this study, unstained liver tissue preparations from mice (Mus musculus) were used. Hibiscus extract dye was compared with eosin as a control. The color quality of the tissue preparations was used as an experimental parameter. The results of the microscopic assessment showed that liver tissue stained with Hibiscus extract at concentrations of 60% and 80% was less good than eosin. However, because tissue can stain reddish, hibiscus extract has the potential to be used as an eosin substitute. The right extraction method may be able to produce intact anthocyanin so that it can color the tissue optimally.
Methods of Controlling Postoperative Complications after Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Bukin E. M. , Vasin A. B. , Goloshchapova N. S. , Roschin I. N. , Akimova A. E.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Reducing the aggressiveness of surgical tactics is currently considered a promising trend in medicine that is widely supported due to its better safety profile. However, a large percentage of patients need more intervention. In the treatment of breast cancer, the main difficulties in postoperative management are associated with lymphatic surgery. Aim. To perform a comparative analysis of techniques for intraoperative control of lymphorrhea in patients during lymph node dissection for breast cancer in Yaroslavl Regional Oncologic Hospital. Materials and methods. Case histories of 660 patients after axillary subclavian subscapular lymphadenectomy were analyzed. In the postoperative period, patients revealed prolonged lymphorrhea. Magnifying techniques (binocular lenses, microscope) were used during the interventions to detect and isolate lymphatic vessels in 108 patients. A double coagulation technique was used to ligate the lymphatic vessels. Sufficient coagulation surface was achieved by forming suture lines of an angle greater than 90°. When performing a mastectomy, the technique was supplemented by circular bandaging of the chest. Results and discussion. Analysis of case histories showed that lymphadenectomy proved to be the main significant factor influencing lymphorrhea. Sparing techniques reduced the risk of postmastectomy syndrome. Comparing the study group with the control group revealed a statistically significant reduction in the severity of lymphorrhea without an increase in the risk of other complications. Conclusion. The combination of these techniques demonstrated statistically significant advantages in controlling postoperative complications. The techniques are easy to perform, therefore, they can be introduced into practice with minimal costs. The economic benefits are associated with the absence of additional costs for surgery, as well as with a reduction in the duration of hospital stay for patients. All this significantly increases patient satisfaction with the treatment performed.
X-ray Endovascular Embolization for Splenic Artery Aneurysm Complicated by Intestinal Bleeding
Authors: Nartaylakov M. A. , Shakurov D. F. , Loginov M. O. , Fayzillin E. S. , Borzenkov Е. А. , Salimgareev I. Z.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Splenic artery aneurysms refer to the most common visceral artery aneurysms. However, they are diagnosed quite rarely, since about 80% of them appear asymptomatic. Clinically, splenic artery aneurysms manifest themselves through their complications, including hemorrhage into pancreatic cysts or intra­abdominal bleeding due to their rupture, leading to lethality up to 8.5%. Other complications of splenic artery aneurysms appear extremely rare. The gold standard for the diagnosis of splenic artery aneurysms refers to digital subtraction angiography that enables their exact localization to be determined and aneurysm embolization to be performed. Materials and methods. In the period from 2015 to 2023, we observed 51 patients who underwent endovascular interventions on the splenic artery for hypersplenism (n = 32) and aneurysms (n = 19). In most cases, the aneurysms were asymptomatic. The paper presents a rare clinical case of splenic artery aneurysm complicated by recurrent intestinal bleeding. Results and discussion. Examination (EGD, CS) did not detect the source of recurrent intestinal bleeding. Contrast CT revealed a splenic artery aneurysm. Celiac angiography detected a large aneurysm (52×41 mm) of the splenic artery, closely adjacent to the lower horizontal branch of the duodenum. Endovascular embolization of the splenic artery was performed proximal to the aneurysm, resulting in complete occlusion of blood flow through the splenic artery and aneurysm. No repeated episodes of intestinal bleeding were observed after the intervention, thereby indicating the effectiveness of hemostasis. No signs of splenic ischemization were detected by clinical and examination data due to the preservation of blood flow through short splenic vessels. Conclusion. Endovascular embolization of the splenic artery is found to be an effective treatment for its complicated aneurysms.
Role of Tumor Microenvironment in the Risk of Thromboembolic Complications in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Safonov A. S. , Zabelin M. V. , Uldashbaeva A. R. , Bashirova L. I. , Venidictov R. O.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Incidence of ovarian cancer remains high in the overall prevalence of oncological pathology. Adjuvant chemotherapy refers to its treatment options. Patients with oncological pathology are faced with a high risk of thrombosis and thromboembolism, with up to 30% lethal outcome within a month of its development. A number of cancer cells are known to induce platelet aggregation, contributing to thrombosis and metastasis as a result of this interaction. Accordingly, the paper is aimed at presenting a clinical case for demonstrating the role of P-selectin expression in the complications in a patient with ovarian cancer. Materials and methods. The present paper evaluates platelet activation marker in a patient undergoing chemotherapy courses after cytoreductive surgery. Following the case conference and in accordance with the clinical recommendations of the Russian Oncology Association (AOR) and Russian Society of Clinical Oncology (RUSSCO), cytoreduction (CC-0), radical hysterectomy, transverse colectomy, left hemicolectomy with rectum resection were performed. The interventions included ascendostomy, pelvic, lateral right-sided and left-sided peritonectomy, pelvic lymphoadenectomy, total omentectomy, Renape-French HIPEC (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy), abdominal and pelvic drainage. Expression of P-selectin on the platelet surface was measured as a marker of platelet activation. Results and discussion. At the time of admission, the patient had high CD62 expression activity compared to healthy volunteers (CD62 ADP- — 11.2%, CD62 ADP — 24.7% vs CD62 ADP- — 1.3%, CD62 ADP — 17.2%). During the complex treatment of ovarian cancer, the platelet activation increased (CD62 ADP- — 21.8 %, CD62 ADP+ — 30.1 %). At discharge, CD62 expression values reached the conditional norm, presumably indicating thrombosis development. Conclusion. Tumor microenvironment influences the hemostasis system. Detailed study into this issue obtains a high potential for the prevention of primary and secondary thromboembolic complications in oncologic patients.
Detachment of a Guidewire Tip as an Intraoperative Complication during Revascularization of Chronic Coronary Artery Occlusion: A Clinical Case
Authors: Karimov M. A. , Ibragimov T. R. , Galimov O. V. , Khanov V. O. , Blagodarov S. I.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases occupy a leading position in the structure of mortality in the world. In particular, coronary heart disease causes mortality in 48% of cases among cardiovascular diseases. Surgical treatment of patients with coronary heart disease is aimed at eliminating stenotic or occlusive lesions in the coronary arteries by heart bypass and/or percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting. The success rate of the procedure accounts for about 85%. In the remaining 15%, revascularization fails to achieve its goal, which may be caused, among other things, by a pronounced calcification of the occlusive segment of the coronary artery. Aim: to demonstrate the development of one of complications after revascularization of chronic coronary artery occlusion and a method for its elimination. Materials and methods. The paper demonstrates a clinical case of an 86­year­old patient with coronary heart disease treated in a non­emergency hospital. Coronary angiography revealed a multivessel lesion. Coronary artery bypass grafting was recommended after an intraoperative consultation with a cardiologist and a vascular surgeon. The next day, the patient underwent emergency coronary angiography in order to revascularize chronic occlusion. Results and discussion. The patient underwent attempted revascularization of chronic calcified occlusion, which resulted in such a complication as deformities and “detachment” of the distal tip of the guidewire. This complication was resolved with the help of a trifold snare and the creative and cold­blooded thinking of the operating surgeon. Conclusion. The clinical case shows that, despite any encouraging statistical success rate, the operating surgeon should be ready for possible intraoperative complications. The key to solving this problem lies in the availability of modern medical tools for coronary interventions, as well as in relevant experience of an operating surgeon and creativity in making certain decisions.
L2 SELF-CONFIDENCE: AN EXAMINATION OF INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN VARIOUS ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES CLASSES
Authors: Dewi Lusiana Puspita , Subekti Adaninggar Septi
Published: October 2024

The study aims to investigate second/foreign language (L2) confidence of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) learners. It employed a survey method. It involved 213 ESP learners from five different departments. Using descriptive statistics on SPSS, the study found a low-moderate level of L2 self-confidence among the participants. They reported interest in engaging in speaking activities in ESP classes. Nonetheless, they reported low L2 self-confidence regarding giving opinions and leading discussions in English and a low perception of their language competence in general. This low level of confidence could be attributed to the nature of ESP classes, which necessitate learners to study discipline-related vocabulary and language expressions, as well as several general aspects of L2 learning, such as pronunciation and grammar. Implications include encouraging ESP teachers to conduct more small-group-scale activities. That is to boost learners' confidence, increase learner-talk, and provide a safe environment for less confident learners to engage in the activities. This study contributes to the understanding of Indonesian ESP learners' self-confidence, and this could inform future studies involving ESP learners in Indonesia. Future quantitative studies on L2 confidence could use more representative samples. It is also strategic to conduct a mixed-methods study involving ESP teachers to allow triangulation.
Vision Care as A Strategy to Prevent Falls Among People with Moderate or Severe Intellectual Disability in the Hostel Setting in Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Phil Wai Shun , Leung Anthony Cheuk Hang , Chan Daphne Siu Ling , Tsang Carmen Sze Oi
Published: October 2024

Background: Factors contributing to the higher fall risk among people with intellectual disabilities (PIDs) are complex due to their discrete patterns of multimorbidity. Visual impairment, such as cataract, was common at old age and could be a crucial risk factor. Given the insufficient evidence regarding this relationship, the present study aimed at investigating this issue in a hostel setting in Hong Kong.
Methods: This study was conducted in four hostels which served people with moderate to severe intellectual disability. Health data of residents collected in the year of 2022-23 was utilized for the current analysis. Data included fall risk, assessed by Morse Fall Scale, as well as other health conditions (osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, cataract) and demographics (age and gender) among residents.
Results: The sample consisted of 199 residents (85 were males and 114 females), with an age range of 22 to 76 years. Around 40% (85; 42.7%) of them aged above 45 years old. Among the whole sample, cataract was the most common health condition and its prevalence reached 27.14%. Those who aged 45-year or above were 4.61 times (95%CI 2.09-11.07) more likely to have cataract. Bivariate analysis results showed that presence of fall risk was associated with older age (above 45 years old; OR 2.38; 95%CI 1.28-4.49), diagnosis of cataract (OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.71-6.33) and osteoarthritis (OR 12.68; 95%CI 1.70-564.75). Logistic regression analysis further illustrated that cataract (p = 0.04) remained as a significant predictor of fall risk after controlling age, gender, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in the model.
Conclusion: Our data showed that presence of cataract diagnosis was significantly associated with higher fall risk among PIDs in hostel setting. Given cataract was a prevalent condition especially among aging PIDs, early screening and intervention could be crucial components of fall prevention strategy in a hostel setting.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN METODE STORYTELLING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA SISWA
Authors: Azman Muhammad , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub
Published: October 2024

Storytelling  has become a significant approach in Indonesian language learning, focusing on developing students' speaking skills. In this context, research and literature analysis show that storytelling  is not just a tool for delivering stories but also an effective means of training students to communicate effectively. The various benefits of using storytelling  methods in the context of Indonesian language learning. These findings indicate that storytelling  methods can improve students' speaking abilities in various ways, including improving vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, increasing emotional engagement, dynamic interaction between teachers and students, developing critical and creative thinking, and boosting students' confidence. Therefore, implementing storytelling  methods in Indonesian language learning is an important and beneficial step in developing students' speaking skills comprehensively. This underscores the importance of innovative approaches and student-oriented experiences in improving language learning outcomes. Thus, further research and practice in using storytelling  methods in the context of Indonesian language learning are expected to make a meaningful contribution to enhancing the quality of language education in Indonesia.
Countering official corruption crimes in Russia
Authors: Balandin A.L.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The relevance of studying the problem of countering official corruption crimes in Russia lies in the absence of real actions on the part of the legislator in the direction of significant changes in criminal law norms. Purpose. To formulate the concept of “official corruption crime”, to study the forms of manifestation of this type of crime, as well as to propose options for measures to counter this criminalistic phenomenon. Methodology. Methods of analysis, synthesis, formal legal, comparative legal methods, method of interpretation of legal acts are used. Results. The opinions of legal experts on the topic of this article were studied. The article analyzes the criminal legislation in the field of the concept of “official corruption crime” and the norms regulating responsibility for this type of crimes. Special attention is paid to measures to counteract the development of corruption crimes. Conclusion. Based on the studied material, the author formulated conclusions regarding the concept of “official corruption crime” and proposed ways to solve the problem of the development of official corruption crime.
Private letter as an object of copyright
Authors: Bogustov A.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The development of intellectual property relations raises the question of its scope and its relationship with the institutions of other branches of law. In this connection, is a topical issue the possibility of recognizing letters as objects of copyright protection. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibility of applying copyright law to relationships concerning private letters. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study consists of general (method of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, etc.) and special methods of scientific knowledge (historical-legal, formal-legal, systemic). Results. The mechanism used in pre-revolutionary and Soviet legislation to regulate copyright in relations arising from private letters was analyzed; the presence of copyright features in private letters was investigated. Conclusion. Private letters, as literary texts, may be subject to copyright. The purpose of establishing a special legal regime for letters as copyrights should be to establish a special procedure for the exercise of the author's rights to publish a work.
Criminological Characteristics of Vehicle Thefts
Authors: Teokharov A.K. , Urusov A.A.
Published: October 2024

In 2022, 5,266 thefts of vehicles, including cars and trucks, were registered in the country, while there has been a steady downward trend in the number of such crimes in Russia over the past few years. The decrease in the activity of criminals is determined by the closure of borders in connection with the sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation, as well as a decrease in the activity of movement towards the south-eastern states. Meanwhile, the decrease in the number of crimes of the analyzed category does not at all demonstrate that this area of preventive activity has lost its relevance. Thefts of vehicles, regardless of their number, always negatively affect the situation in cities and other settlements of the Russian Federation, destroying public safety and the institution of property. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to form a holistic view of the features of the criminological characteristics of vehicle thefts. The conclusions formulated in the article will improve the effectiveness of the activities of the internal affairs bodies for the prevention of these crimes, and will also serve as a source material for its subsequent research. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research was the general philosophical dialectical method of scientific cognition, comparative analysis, systematization. Results. The study of the dynamics of registered thefts of vehicles in the period from 2010 to 2022 indicates a significant decrease in their number (almost 10 times). At the same time, their share in the total mass of crimes committed on the territory of the Russian Federation is decreasing - from 5.29 % in 2014 to 1 % in 2022. There is a trend towards an increasing predominance of the number of vehicle thefts compared to their theft and an increase in the proportion of thefts in the total number of crimes related to the illegal seizure of vehicles by means. More than half of the thefts of motor vehicles are committed by a group of persons by prior agreement, and 6 % of group thefts of motor vehicles are committed as part of an organized group of persons.
Modern Local History (Late 20th - Early 21st Century): Theoretical Aspects, Centers and Forms of Study
Authors: Keller L.I.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to characterize the state of the study of the history of Russian local history in the late 20th - early 21st century, with special attention to the historiographic situation in Omsk as one of the most important centers of the local history movement in Russia. The main groups of historiographic sources made up the texts of reports at local history conferences and seminars, scientific articles, dissertations and abstracts written in local material. Among the reasons for the rise of the local history movement since the mid-1980s, researchers name the democratization of public life, the spread of an interdisciplinary model of historical research, and the regionalization of humanitarian knowledge. The analysis of historiographic sources has shown that at the present stage, local history has a sufficient number of theoretical and methodological works that make it possible to determine its essence and place in the disciplinary field of science. The author cites various points of view of researchers on the definition of local history and its difference from other areas of historical science. The article examines the content of research on the history of modern Russian local history, which marks the main centers of regional study and forms of local history work. In research on the history of regional study, the characteristic features of the modern stage are given: the tendency to “personify” history, the expansion of research topics, the scientific nature of modern local history. During the study of the historiography of Omsk regional studies, it was noted that the heritage of Omsk local historians was addressed and popularized. Analysis of studies on the history of Russian local history showed that the authors mainly use an institutional approach. When it comes to local material within the boundaries of a city or region, a combination of institutional and anthropological approaches is used. The approach that studies the process of accumulating knowledge about the region is used in addition to describing the activities of local historians.
The Electoral Activity of Young People as Candidates for Deputies of the Omsk Region Legislative Assembly in 2007-2016
Authors: Sharapov A.V.
Published: October 2024

The number of research papers covering the subject of the article at the regional level is small. The publication presents the analysis of the peculiarities of recruiting young people for the Omsk Region Legislative Assembly. The Omsk Region is a border region with an average Russian rate of economic development. The political landscape has a regional peculiarity. The Communist Party enjoys strong support of the Omsk Region population. This party has significant organizational resources. The purpose of this paper is to study the electoral activity of young people as candidates for deputies to the Legislative Assembly of the Omsk Region during the period 2007-2016. An empirical research method is used to analyze the results of the elections presented on the official website of the Election Commission of the Omsk Region in the State Automated System “Elections” for various periods from 2007 to 2016. The data collected concern candidates under the age of 35. The study revealed the following regularities. The three electoral cycles (2007, 2011, 2016) demonstrated a steady increase in the number of youth representatives elected as deputies. Despite the attempts to recruit young people as candidates to the Legislative Assembly of the Omsk Region from several parliamentary parties (“United Russia”, LDPR, “Just Russia”, CPRF), young candidates from United Russia have the greatest chances of being elected. During three electoral cycles, the self-nomination procedure proved to be unpromising for young people. The lack of their own resources and the difficulties associated with collecting signatures and registration do not lead young candidates to victories.
History of Formation of the Archaeological Fund of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of OmSU in 1987-1989
Authors: Kildyusheva A.A.
Published: October 2024

An archaeological fund has been formed in the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Omsk State University, which includes hundreds of thousands of items obtained during expeditions of archaeologists. The collected archaeological collections are the basis for the creation of exposition and exhibition projects in the museum and at other sites, and also act as a source for the preparation of scientific works of researchers. The museum also has a scientific archive, including Fund II "Materials of field archaeological research" (scientific reports, field documentation, collection inventories). Such a set of subject and documentary materials based on the results of field work is of undoubted value, and is important for understanding the history of the museum, Omsk State University, West Siberian archaeological research in the last quarter of the 20th - 21st centuries and the fate of Siberian archaeologists. The lack of a full-fledged publication revealing the history of the formation of the museum's archaeological fund prompted to fill this gap. The article describes the formation of the archaeological fund of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Omsk State University in 1987-1989. The story is told about the discovered (mainly on the territory of the Omsk region) and studied archaeological sites, which gave an extensive collection of objects. Archaeological sites that are "promising" for research have been identified. The activity of a galaxy of Siberian archaeologists studying the ancient and medieval history of the Middle Irtysh region is shown. For the first time, archival information about the materials of field archaeological research from the museum fund was introduced into scientific circulation. All information about the investigated monuments, collections and documentary sources are summarized in tables.
Features of the Location of Archaeological Sites in the Bolsherechensky District of the Omsk Region (According to the Results of Monitoring in 2016-2018)
Authors: Tikhomirov K. N.
Published: October 2024

The article is the first to study the patterns of the location of archaeological complexes in the forest-steppe and north-forest-steppe zones on the left bank in the regions of the middle reaches of the Irtysh River. The work is based on the materials of monitoring of objects of archaeological heritage in the Bolsherechensky district of the Omsk region, located in the indicated natural zones. The author analyzes the location of burial mounds, settlements, hillforts of different cultural and chronological affiliation. As a result, a number of patterns in their placement are presented. It is concluded that the sites on this territory are localized on terraces or edges of lake basin, low ridge, isolated hill, confined to local water bodies and watercourses. Of the total number of sites, mounds and burial mounds prevail, to a lesser extent there are ancient hillforts and settlements, and ground burial grounds are rare. Burial mounds and mounds are found throughout the territory. Of these, most of those explored by excavations date from the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. Several hillforts of different times are also known here. Five of them are terraced semicircular (Krasnoozerskay culture of the transitional period from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age, Sargatskay culture of epochs of the Early Iron Age), one is a promontory (Early Iron Age). The settlements date from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. Such an arrangement of the monuments corresponded to the most efficient management of the economy of the population of these regions at the indicated time, with the methods of nature management applied at that time.
“To Cut Down by Half”: the Military-Personnel Policy of Russian State at the South-Eastern Border in 1691
Authors: Bagrin E. A.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the formation of military contingent necessary for defense of South-Eastern border of Russia, which had been established as a result of Nerchinsk Treaty in 1689. There were large number of warriors temporarily deployed in the garrisons of Transbaikal fortresses in 1689-1691, who were recruited mainly in Western Siberia. They asked to replace them with other people after had been serving for several years in Transbaikal. The state faced the problem of replacing these forces due to a lack of military personnel in Siberia and their funding. The problem of reorganization was taken up by Fyodor Golovin, the ambassador who led the confrontation between Russia and the troops of China and Mongol feudal lords in Transbaikal and Amur region (Dauria). He proposed to reduce Daurian army in a half. The remaining part should have been organized from volunteers and soldiers from closest to Transbaikal the fortresses, providing them with assistance in building and transporting their families to a new place. Siberian Order (the government body for administration of Siberia) prepared information on the number of all armed forces in Siberia and the funding required for them as well as data on the groups of people who could be moved to a new duty station. This information is summarized in tables and presented in the article. Having considered possible options for solving the problem, the government decided to halve the number of the temporary military contingent with the subsequent replacement of the warriors who stayed in Dauria with “children, brothers and nephews” of warriors. F. Golovin's flexible plan was not used. All warriors eligible for movement were mechanically divided into 2 groups. One of them went home and the second remained to serve in Transbaikal for several years. This incured the discontent of many soldiers who supported the revolt against the Irkutsk governor in 1696. The article is based on published and unpublished sources from the funds of Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts.
The Emergence of the Evangelical Movement in Belarus in the Late 19th - Early 20th Century
Authors: Lisovskaya T.V.
Published: October 2024

The end of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th century is a period of upsurge in the Evangelic movement: the number of supporters is gradually increasing, their activities are becoming more active and becoming institutionalized, at the beginning of the century new Protestant beliefs appear in America. Gradually, the rise of the Evangelic movement more and more covers European countries, and the Belarusian lands participate in the global process of the spread and development of late Protestantism. On the basis of documentary archival sources, the author analyzes the process of the emergence of Baptist, Evangelical Christians, Adventists and others Evangelicals in the context of the religious policy of the Russian Empire, as well as in the conditions of Soviet politics in the BSSR and Polish policy on the territory of Western Belarus. The article notes that the process of the emergence of new Evangelic denominations in the late 19th - early 20th century in the western regions of Belarus takes place later than in the eastern ones. The later development of Baptism and other late Protestant denominations in Western Belarus was primarily associated with the spread of Evangelicals through the Western Ukrainian, Polish and Baltic lands, in contrast to the eastern part of Belarus, which has close ties with Russian lands and experienced a stronger influence of Russian Protestantism at the end of the 19th century. Geopolitical and political changes that took place during the First World War and Russian revolutions, in particular the establishment of the Soviet regime and the conclusion of the Riga Peace Treaty, according to which the territories of Belarus were divided into two parts, became the main trigger and played a decisive role in the development of the Evangelical movement. Firstly, in connection with the division of Belarus into western and eastern parts, the annexation of Western Belarus to Poland, active anti-religious campaigns in Soviet Russia and the creation of the “Iron Curtain” in 1929, the organizational orientation of Western Belarusian communities to the West changed. Secondly, geopolitical transformations and differentiation of the strategy of religious policy in the BSSR and in Western Belarus, the development processes of the movement predetermined the formation of the modern landscape of the evangelical movement - a pronounced religiosity of the western region and the presence of a large number of religious communities and a gradual decrease in these indicators towards the eastern border of Belarus.
Comparative analysis of the ideological and programmatic positions of extreme right political parties in the Ninth European Parliament
Authors: Melnikova I. V. , Parfenov A. D.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to scientific research of the ideological and programmatic positions of the extreme right parties in the European Parliament of the ninth convocation (2019 - present). The growth in the number of extreme right political parties in the European Parliament has raised the question of how effectively they can use this institution to achieve their goals. A specific feature of extreme right parties is their Eurosceptic and radical nationalist positions, which run counter to the policies of the European Union. This creates special conditions for the functioning of these parties within the framework of modern political systems. This research based on political party programs, databases of political party positions presented in party manifestos, and public speeches by extreme right party leaders in the media.
“German issue” in Kazakhstan-German relations at the beginning of the 1990s
Authors: Volkova T. P.
Published: October 2024

In the article based on new archive data from Republic of Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs fund the factor of German diaspora in regards of Kazakhstan-German relations' establishment and development is considered.“German Issue” is considered as ethnical Germans' requirement to revive their national identity and to restore unfairly destroyed statehood. For this purpose, Germans' public organizations were established, e.g. “Wiedergeburt” (“Revival”). The failure to resolve the “German Issue” led since the late 1980s to Germans' massive migration from the USSR and later from post-Soviet countries. The largest outflow of German population was from Kazakhstan, where almost half of all soviet Germans lived. The FRG struggling from excessive number of entrants stopped the migration flow, at the same time German diaspora located in Kazakhstan could be useful for German entrepreneurs. Kazakhstan Government also wanted to stop Germans' massive departure; moreover, German diaspora could attract German investments to Kazakhstan. Both countries governments' interests coincided in regards of ethnical Germans holding back on their places of residence. After discussions the countries introduced the mutual concept that Kazakhstan government will ensure the revival of culture and language of German ethnos, at the same time help from Germany will be used also in favor of those “nationalities that live together with Germans”. Both countries' governments have chosen public organizations of Germans in Kazakhstan as intermedium. Separate “Wiedergeburt” communities formed in Republic in 1989, then in 1992 they were united. The consolidation of Kazakhstan Germans' public organizations was conducted with German politics' participation. On the February 11, 1992 the countries established diplomatic relations. DuringN.A. Nazarbayev's visit to FRG in September 1992 “German Issue” was discussed as one with the highest importance and was connected to Kazakhstan economic relations development. However, German national-administrative units were not created in Kazakhstan. Another side of the issue - Kazakhstan Germans' ethnical identity development - was realized by “Revival” organization with support of Germany and Kazakhstan. German side invested a lot of funds and efforts to help German ethnos. In November 1994 Kazakhstan Republic government adopted “Complex Program of Ethnical Revival of Germans residing in Kazakhstan”. In 1994 Intergovernmental Kazakhstan-German commission on the Germans' issues living in Kazakhstan was formed. However, on this stage the Germans did continue leaving Kazakhstan, slowing down although; at the same time German investments, as the whole German business, were poorly presented in Kazakhstan in 1990s. Nevertheless, the relations between Kazakhstan and Germany were established and were developing and “Revival” became a connecting link between two countries' governments and Kazakhstan Germans.
Ethnocultural dynamics of the Turkic peoples of Siberiain works of Russian scientists of the second half of the 20th - first decades of the 21st century
Authors: Tomilov N. A.
Published: October 2024

The article reveals the theme of the study by Russian scientists of ethnocultural processes among the Turkic peoples of Siberia since the 17th century to the present. The study was carried out on the basis of the developed periodization of the study of the ethnic history of the peoples of the Russian space, covering the periods of study from the second half of the 19th century to the present. A significant part of the work is a description of completed studies of ethnocultural processes among the peoples of Siberia by scientists from various scientific centers.