bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feminisms of the Spanish‐speaking Caribbean1
Authors: Rivera Berruz Stephanie
Published: September 2021

This essay explores the philosophical productions of women from the Spanish speaking Caribbean. Here the Caribbean is understood as a multiplicitous and polyphonic space that exists amidst modernities engendered by colonization. I present the intellectual contributions of Luisa Capetillo, Ofelia Rodríguez Acosta, Petronila Angélica Gómez, Ochy Curiel, Yuderkys Espinosa Miñoso, and Yomaira Figueroa as fertile philosophical starting points from which to frame a feminist tradition of the Spanish‐speaking Caribbean that appreciates the multiple and often conflicting body of ideas that emerge from within a sea of islands.
Extending the determinants of currency substitution in Nigeria: Any role for financial innovation?
Authors: Ujunwa Angela Ifeanyi , Ujunwa Augustine , Onah Emmanuel , Nwonye Nnenna Georgina , Chukwunwike Onyedikachi David
Published: September 2021

Existing literature suggests that macroeconomic and institutional factors are the drivers of currency substitution. The persistent and significant incidence of currency substitution during the period of mixed performance of macroeconomic variables suggests the existence of a knowledge gap on the drivers of currency substitution during the era of rapid technological innovation. To contribute to this literature, we augmented the traditional money demand model of the determinants of currency substitution to introduce financial innovation. We use Nigerian data from 2005Q1 to 2019Q4 and Pesaran et al. (2001, https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.616) autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test approach to cointegration to estimate the models. The results confirm the presence of short‐run and long‐run relationships between financial technology and currency substitution in Nigeria. In effect, the deployment of financial technology in developing payment system infrastructure creates additional incentives for economic agents to hold foreign currency deposit. Economic managers must, therefore, mainstream credible monetary and fiscal policies to moderate the effect of financial innovation on currency substitution.
Prevalence of bruxism in adults with cerebral palsy institutionalized in Lisbon
Authors: Cabrita Joana P. , Quaresma Maria Carlos , Bizarra Maria de Fátima
Published: September 2021

Objective

To determine the prevalence of bruxism in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and evaluating the various factors associated

Methods

One hundred and ten adults diagnosed with CP were selected from six institutions for people with special needs. Data were collected through oral examinations using the diagnostic criteria proposed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the modified scale of Asworth

Results

Of the total sample, spastic tetraplegia was the most common type and half of the population presents severe intellectual disability. The prevalence of bruxism was 74,5%. Wear facets were observed in 67.9% of the sample, 59.1% of which were brilliant. There was a positive association between mixed bruxism (MB) and the spasticity classification. Through a logistic regression it was found that the risk of having MB and general bruxism (GB) is greater in individuals who have shiny wear facets.

Conclusions

In the present study the high prevalence of GB indicates there is an urgent need for treatment options in people with CP. More studies are needed with standardized diagnostic protocols and representative samples to evaluate the factors that influence the presence of bruxism in this population and to establish an appropriate treatment planning.
Large spatial data modeling and analysis: A Krylov subspace approach
Authors: Liu Jialuo , Chu Tingjin , Zhu Jun , Wang Haonan
Published: September 2021

Estimating the parameters of spatial models for large spatial datasets can be computationally challenging, as it involves repeated evaluation of sizable spatial covariance matrices. In this paper, we aim to develop Krylov subspace‐based methods that are computationally efficient for large spatial data. Specifically, we approximate the inverse and the log‐determinant of the spatial covariance matrix in the log‐likelihood function via conjugate gradient and stochastic Lanczos on a Krylov subspace. These methods reduce the computational complexity from to and for dense and sparse matrices, respectively. Moreover, we quantify the difference between the approximated log‐likelihood function and the original log‐likelihood function and establish the consistency of parameter estimates. Simulation studies are conducted to examine the computational efficiency as well as the finite‐sample properties. For illustration, our methodology is applied to analyze a large dataset comprising LiDAR estimates of forest canopy height in western Alaska.
Defending the Decolonization Trope in Philosophy: A Reply to Olúfẹ́mi Táíwò
Authors: Emmanuel Abímbọ́lá Olúwafẹ́mi
Published: September 2021

This essay attempts a critical defense of Kwasi Wiredu’s decolonization program in response to criticisms raised against it by Olúfẹ́mi Táíwò in his paper, “Rethinking the Decolonization Trope in Philosophy” (Spindel Supplement 2019). Táíwò claims that decolonization has lost its way as a trope of scholarly discourse owing to some fundamental misconceptions on the part of its pioneering advocates, notably Kwasi Wiredu and Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o. I limit myself to Wiredu in this essay and argue that Táíwò’s criticisms are misdirected and generally lose their potency because they are based on a less than accurate picture of Wiredu’s decolonization program. Nevertheless, Táíwò’s critique underscores the importance of identifying and separating Wiredu’s decolonization approach, which is pragmatic, from afrocentric decolonization, which is preoccupied with pedigree and hostile to anything of foreign provenance as a result.
The novel HLA‐A*24 allele, HLA‐A*24:487, identified in three unrelated bone marrow donors in Colombia
Authors: Hernández David Guillermo , Ramírez Nathalie Camacho , Martínez Melissa Mosquera , Cendales Paola Andrea , Camacho Bernardo Armando
Published: September 2021

Identification of the novel HLA‐A*24:487 allele, which differs from HLA‐A*24:02:01:01 at one position.
Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2‐independent immunoregulatory activity of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma
Authors: Brox Regine , Achenbach Susanne , Hackstein Holger
Published: September 2021

Background

Convalescent plasma has emerged as a potential specific treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), since it contains severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibodies. Several studies are currently investigating the efficacy of convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID‐19, with a focus on neutralizing antibodies. However, there is little information on whether convalescent plasma may contain additional immunoregulatory constituents produced by the blood donor during convalescence. Therefore, using a standardized whole blood assay employing synthetic toll‐like receptor (TLR) ligands, we have investigated the immunoregulatory capacity of convalescent plasma in direct comparison to ABO‐matched allogeneic control plasma.

Study design and methods

Whole blood samples from healthy blood donors were collected, and autologous plasma was replaced by convalescent plasma or ABO‐matched control plasma. Standardized innate immune triggering and monitoring was performed by adding different TLR ligands (Pam3CsK4 [TLR1/2], HKLM [TLR2], LPS [TLR4], flagellin [TLR5], ssRNA40 [TLR8], imiquimod [TLR7], and FSL‐1 [TLR2/6]) and subsequent quantitative analysis of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines (IP‐10, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, MCP‐1, IL‐6, IL‐10, and IFN‐γ) by cytometric bead array. Negative controls included unstimulated samples as well as samples spiked with autologous plasma.

Results

COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) significantly decreased pro‐inflammatory cytokines production triggered by different TLR ligands in healthy donors as compared with healthy control plasma. IL‐6, MCP‐1, and IFN‐γ represented the cytokines that are most frequently downregulated by convalescent plasma.

Conclusion

Our experiments reveal a potential novel, SARS‐CoV‐2‐independent immunomodulatory activity of CCP, which may be beneficial for COVID‐19 patients.
Comparison of selected serum biochemistry measurements between the Nova Prime Plus VET, Nova pHOx Ultra, and Beckman Coulter AU680 analyzers in dogs
Authors: Nelson Courtney , Constable Peter D. , Connolly Sara L.
Published: September 2021

Background

Blood gas chemistry analyzers typically produce results faster and use smaller sample volumes than reference chemistry analyzers. However, results may not be comparable between blood gas chemistry analyzers and reference chemistry analyzers or between different models of blood gas chemistry analyzers. This could suggest the use of separate reference intervals and, thus, has implications when making clinical decisions.

Objective

We aimed to perform method comparison studies to evaluate selected canine serum biochemical values obtained using the Nova Stat Profile Prime Plus VET (Prime Plus VET), Stat Profile Nova pHOx Ultra (Ultra), and Beckman Coulter AU680 (Beckman) analyzers. We hypothesized that the three analyzers would be identical within inherent imprecision.

Methods

Jugular venous blood samples were collected from 103 endurance‐trained sled dogs, and serum was harvested and stored for analysis. Results for serum chloride, potassium, sodium, creatinine, and urea nitrogen concentrations obtained from the Prime Plus VET and Ultra analyzers were compared with results from the Beckman analyzer, which was considered to be a reference method. Results for serum chloride, potassium, sodium, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and L‐lactate concentrations obtained from the Prime Plus VET and Ultra analyzers were compared. Passing‐Bablok regression and Bland‐Altman plots were used for method comparison.

Results

Significant (P < 0.05) constant or proportional bias was found for many analytes for all three method comparison studies.

Conclusions

Due to the presence of statistically significant differences between all three analyzers that may be clinically relevant, it is recommended that reference intervals be created for new blood gas analyzers, even when similar methodologies are used.
Agreement between hematocrits measured with electrical conductivity on the i‐STAT analyzer and manual packed cell volume measurements in 148 chelonian patients
Authors: Wong Shanna , Di Girolamo Nicola
Published: September 2021

Background

Point‐of‐care (POC) analyzers are increasingly used for diagnostic testing in exotic animals. A few studies with small sample sizes, evaluating agreement between hematocrit (Hct) and packed cell volume (PCV) measurements in chelonians, showed conflicting results.

Objective

We aimed to assess the agreement between Hct values measured with a POC analyzer and manual PCV measurements in venous samples from 148 chelonians.

Methods

All chelonians that underwent bloodwork for clinical reasons had Hct measured with an analyzer employing electrical conductivity (i‐STAT, Abbott), PCVs measured using centrifugation, and total solids (TS) measured with refractometry. Bland‐Altman plots were built to assess agreement between the measurements. Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine the effect of different variables on the difference between Hct and PCV.

Results

Of 192 chelonians sampled during this period, 148 had Hct, PCV, and TS results. Hct significantly underestimated PCV, with a mean difference between the techniques of −3.8% (95% CI: −4.5 to −3.2; LoA: −11.5 to 3.8). There was a negative correlation between the value of TS and the difference between the methods. Controlling for other factors, the magnitude of the disagreement was not affected by the sex of the chelonian but was smaller in red‐eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans).

Conclusions

Hct values measured with electrical conductivity in chelonians significantly underestimated manual PCVs by about 4%. This difference should be considered whenever an Hct measured on a POC analyzer using electrical conductance is used in chelonian patient assessments.
The wound healing effect of local leukocyte platelet‐rich plasma after total hip arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Capion Susanne Clemen , Jørgensen Henrietta B. L. , Ågren Magnus S. , Daugaard Henrik , Ribel‐Madsen Søren , Marando Debora , Johansson Pär Ingemar , Salado José , Halschou‐Jensen Peter Max , Borgwardt Arne , Andersen Jens Rikardt
Published: September 2021

Rapid wound closure is important after arthroplasty procedures to prevent postoperative complications. Platelets are rich in growth factors and leukocytes contribute to innate immunity. We hypothesized that topical leukocyte platelet‐rich plasma (L‐PRP) derived from the blood of patients would be beneficial to wound healing. In this randomized controlled trial, patients subjected to elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) were assigned by concealed allocation either L‐PRP application onto the sutured fascia or no application (control) after the THA intervention. In addition, all patients received 1.5 g protein/kg, 5 g L‐arginine, 500 mg vitamin C and 44 mg zinc daily over the 4‐week postoperative period to obtain optimal nutrition. The primary endpoint was complete healing of the skin incision. The secondary endpoints were blood transfusions, length of hospital stay, pain and wound infections. Sixteen patients in the L‐PRP group and 17 patients in the control group completed the trial. L‐PRP treatment accelerated complete wound healing after 3 weeks (seven in the L‐PRP group vs. zero in the control group, p = 0.003) and after 4 weeks (12 in the L‐PRP group vs. six in the control group, p = 0.037). No postoperative superficial wound infections occurred within 4 weeks, and there were no significant differences in the other secondary outcomes. L‐PRP generated in 10 sex‐matched healthy volunteers revealed increased concentrations of platelets (5.8‐fold) and leukocytes (2.3‐fold) compared with those in whole blood. Furthermore, the concentration of keratinocyte mitogen epidermal growth factor in L‐PRP (380 ± 130 pg/ml, mean ± SD) was higher (p < 0.001) than that in serum (130 ± 26 pg/ml). In conclusion, a single intraoperative local application of L‐PRP promoted wound healing after THA, possibly mediated by EGF receptor agonists.
Turbo/Supercharger Compressors and Turbines for Aircraft Propulsion in WWII: Theory, History and Practice—Guidance from the Past for Modern Engineers and Students
Authors: Kollmann Karl , Douglas Calum E. , Gülen S. Can
Published: September 2021

This book is a unique blend of history, technology review, theoretical fundamentals, and design guide. The subject matter is primarily piston aeroengine superchargers – developed in Germany during the Second World War (WWII) – which are centrifugal compressors driven either by the main engine crankshaft or by an exhaust gas turbine. The core of the book is an unpublished manuscript by Karl Kollmann, who was a prominent engineer at Daimler-Benz before and during the war.

Dr. Kollmann’s manuscript was discovered by Calum Douglas during his extensive research for his earlier book on piston aeroengine development in WWII. It contains a wealth of information on aerothermodynamic and mechanical design of centrifugal compressors in the form of formulae, charts, pictures, and rules of thumb, which, even 75 years later, constitute a valuable resource for engineering professionals and students.

In addition to the translation of the original manuscript from German, the authors have completely overhauled the chapters on the aerothermodynamics of centrifugal compressors so that the idiosyncratic coverage (characteristic of German scientific literature at that time) is familiar to a modern reader. Furthermore, the authors added chapters on exhaust gas turbines (for turbo-superchargers), piston aeroengines utilizing them, and turbojet gas turbines.

Drawing upon previously unpublished material from the archived German documents, those chapters provide a concise but technically precise and informative look into those technologies, where great strides were made in Germany during the war. In summary, the coverage is intended to be useful not only to history buffs with a technical bent but also to the practicing engineers and engineering students to help with their day-to-day activities in this particular field of turbomachinery.
Head-wave correlations in layered seabed: Theory and modeling
Authors: Li Jie , Siderius Martin , Gerstoft Peter , Fan Jun , Muzi Lanfranco
Published: September 2021

This paper derives travel times and arrival angles of head-wave correlations from ocean ambient noise in shallow water over a layered seabed. The upcoming and surface reflected head-wave noise signal received at two receivers from the same interface are correlated, and their travel time differences give the travel times of the head-wave correlations. The arrival angle of head-wave correlations from an interface depends on sound speeds in the layers above and just below. The predictions of head-wave correlations from a seabed with two layers and the corresponding inversion results are verified with simulations.
Dissecting the biology of mTORC1 beyond rapamycin
Authors: Yang Guang , Francis Deanne , Krycer James R. , Larance Mark , Zhang Ziyang , Novotny Chris J. , Diaz-Vegas Alexis , Shokat Kevan M. , James David E.
Published: September 2021

RapaLink1 enables differentiation between functions mediated by the closely related mTORC1 and mTORC2.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Hijacks Flotillin and NPC1 Complex To Acquire Intracellular Cholesterol for Proliferation, Which Can Be Inhibited with Ezetimibe
Authors: Huang Weiyan , Xiong Qingming , Lin Mingqun , Rikihisa Yasuko
Published: September 2021

Cholesterol influences membrane fluidity and forms membrane microdomains called lipid rafts that serve as organizing centers for the assembly of signaling molecules. Flotillin (FLOT) is a cholesterol-binding lipid-raft protein.
The use of artwork to document geologic systems in The Geology of Russia (1845)
Authors: Diemer John , Diemer Lydia
Published: September 2021

Artwork in The Geology of Russia (1845) documents the extent and fossil content of several Paleozoic systems in Europe and large tracts of Russia. That artwork conveys a sense of landscape, portrays the distribution of strata both at and below the surface, and documents the fossil evidence for identifying several Paleozoic geologic systems. The artwork includes wood engravings, lithographs, zincographs, and copper plate engravings. The choice of technique was governed by the content and desired character of the images and the logistics of printing. Roderick Murchison was a master of organization who commissioned, assembled, and oversaw the production of artwork that was crucial to presenting the evidence for the Paleozoic systems documented in The Geology of Russia (1845).
A quest for perfection in science and art: The paleontological legacy of Manfred Reichel (1896–1984)
Authors: Wannier Mario M.A.
Published: September 2021

Professor of paleontology at the University of Basel, Switzerland, Manfred Reichel was as much an accomplished scientist as a talented artist. Skilled in mental 3-D-visualization, aided by a sharp memory, and with a fine hand for illustration, he introduced comparative anatomy to the study of foraminifera, which is masterly illustrated in his analysis of Alveolinids, and used his knowledge of locomotion in modern birds as an actualistic method for portraying flying reptiles. Teaching was his motivation, and to aid his classes, beyond multiple drawings, he created a large number of scaled structural models of foraminifera and a life-size wooden replica of the Pteranodon with mobile articulations. Manfred Reichel was a perfectionist who left a large part of his studies and drawings unpublished.
Parent crater for Australasian tektites beneath the sands of the Alashan Desert, Northwest China: Best candidate ever?
Authors: Mizera Jiří , Řanda Zdeněk , Suchý Václav , Strunga Vladimír , Klokočník Jaroslav , Kostelecký Jan , Bezděk Aleš , Moravec Zdeněk
Published: September 2021

Australasian tektites represent the largest group of tektites on Earth, and their strewn field covers up to one sixth of Earth’s surface. After several decades of fruitless quest for a parent crater for Australasian tektites, mostly in the main part of the strewn field in Indochina, the crater remains undiscovered. We elaborate upon a recently suggested original hypothesis for the impact in the Alashan Desert in Northwest China. Evidence from geochemical and isotopic compositions of potential source materials, gravity data, and geographic, paleoenvironmental, and ballistic considerations support a possible impact site in the Badain Jaran part of the Alashan Desert. In further support of an impact location in China, glassy microspherules recovered from Chinese loess may be the right age to relate to the Australasian tektite event, perhaps as part of the impacting body. The most serious shortcomings of the commonly accepted Indochina impact location include signs of little chemical weathering of source materials of Australasian tektites, unlike highly weathered sedimentary targets in Indochina, and questionable assumptions about transport of distal ejecta.
Supplemental Material: Multiple sources and magmatic evolution of the Late Triassic Daocheng batholith in the Yidun Terrane: Implications for evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the eastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Dong Pengsheng , Dong Guochen
Published: September 2021

Table S1: Mineral association of samples from the Daocheng batholith; Table S2: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic data for zircons from the Daocheng batholith; Table S3: Hf isotopic data for zircons from the Daocheng batholith; Table S4: Trace elements data for zircons from the Daocheng batholith; Table S5: Major and trace elements data for the Daocheng batholith; Table S6: Whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopic data of the Daocheng batholith; Table S7: Representative microprobe analyses of amphibole from the Daocheng batholith; Table S8: Partition coefficient for minerals used in geochemical modeling.
Supplemental Material: Major reorganization of the Snake River modulated by passage of the Yellowstone Hotspot
Authors: Staisch Lydia M. , al. et
Published: September 2021

Figure S1: Detrital zircon age spectra from modern rivers.; Figure S2: Detrital zircon age spectra from fluvial and lacustrine sandstones; Figure S3: Shepard plots from Multi-Dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis comparing distance and disparity for four metrics of detrital zircon similarity; Figure S4: DZmix results for three hypothesized river networks; Figure S5: SRP sample location map and detrital unmixing results; Table S1: Modern and ancestral river detrital zircon sample locations, ages, and references; Table S2: U-Pb zircon age results for new modern and ancestral river sands; Table S3: Intercomparison results between modern and ancestral river sediments; Table S4: Best-fit DZmix results estimating the relative contribution of hypothesized sources to measured detrital zircon age spectra of ancestral river sands; Table S5: Best-fit DZMix results that estimate the relative contribution of Snake River Plain tributaries to Miocene-Pliocene Lake Idaho strata.
Supplemental Material: Siliciclastic provenance of the Cenozoic stratigraphic succession in the southern Gulf of Mexico: Insights from U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and heavy minerals analysis
Authors: Beltrán-Triviño Alejandro , al. et
Published: September 2021

Extended geological framework, methodology, and analytical data
Supplemental Material: Late Cretaceous–Paleocene transition from calcareous platform to basinal deposition in western Chiapas, Mexico: Opening of the Chiapanecan embayment
Authors: Martens U.C. , al. et
Published: September 2021

Database of previously studied sections and wells consulted in this work, including locations, geologic unit names, thicknesses, lithofacies, interpreted depositional environments, and lower and upper contacts, organized by epoch or age
Novel bleeding prediction model in atrial fibrillation patients on new oral anticoagulants
Authors: Barnett-Griness Ofra , Stein Nili , Kotler Antonio , Saliba Walid , Gronich Naomi
Published: September 2021

Objective

Clinical models such as the HAS-BLED (standing for Hypertension, Abnormal liver/renal function, Stroke history, Bleeding history or predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drug/alcohol usage) were developed to predict risk of major bleeding on vitamin K antagonists/antiplatelet therapy. We aimed to develop a model that will improve the ability to predict major bleeding events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with new oral anticoagulants (NOACs).

Methods

Clalit Health Services is the largest of four integrated healthcare organisations in Israel, which insures 4.7 million patients (53% of the population). We identified in Clalit Health Services all patients with AF, new users of an NOAC (2013–2017), and followed them until first occurrence of a major bleeding event, death, switch to another oral anticoagulant, 30 days after discontinuation of NOAC or end of follow-up (31 December 2019). Importance of the candidate model variables was estimated by inclusion frequencies across forward selection algorithm applied to 50 bootstrap samples. Then, backward selection algorithm using the modified Bayesian Information Criterion for competing risks was applied to select predictors for the final model.

Results

47 623 patients with AF prescribed NOAC were studied. 28 055 patients with AF, initiators of apixaban (mean age 78.7, SD 9.0), were included in the first phase and had 662 major bleeding events. Nine variables were selected for inclusion in a final points-based risk-scoring system: male sex, anaemia, thrombocytopaenia (<99×103/µL), concurrent antiplatelet therapy, hypertension, prior major bleeding, risk factors for a fall, low cholesterol level and low estimated glomerular filtration rate, with apparent area-under-curve (AUC) of 0.6546. Applicability of the model was then shown for 14 118 and 5450 patients with AF, initiators of dabigatran and rivaroxaban, where the score achieved c indices of 0.62 and 0.61, respectively.

Conclusions

We present a novel and simple risk score for prediction of major bleeding in patients with non-valvular AF treated with NOACs. Validation in additional cohorts is warranted.
Space Complexity of Stack Automata Models
Authors: Ibarra Oscar H. , Jirásek Jozef , McQuillan Ian , Prigioniero Luca
Published: September 2021

This paper examines several measures of space complexity of variants of stack automata: non-erasing stack automata and checking stack automata. These measures capture the minimum stack size required to accept every word in the language of the automaton (weak measure), the maximum stack size used in any accepting computation on any accepted word (accept measure), and the maximum stack size used in any computation (strong measure). We give a detailed characterization of the accept and strong space complexity measures for checking stack automata. Exactly one of three cases can occur: the complexity is either bounded by a constant, behaves like a linear function, or it can not be bounded by any function of the length of the input word (and it is decidable which case occurs). However, this result does not hold for non-erasing stack automata; we provide an example where the space complexity grows proportionally to the square root of the length of the input. Furthermore, we study the complexity bounds of machines which accept a given language, and decidability of space complexity properties.
Modification of a silicon surface visible light reflectivity by the carbon nanofilm
Authors: Dabaghyan Grigor
Published: September 2021

Crystalline silicon substrate visible light reflectivity is finely modified by a discrete growth of carbon nanofilm (CNF) on it by nanosecond pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. It is established that 71 nm thick CNF effectively reduces the high reflection of the substrate on average to 5% in the visible light wave range. The exact values of the thickness and refractive index of the carbon nanofilm are also determined via an analysis of reflection spectra.
AnIn-SilicoApproach to Evaluate the Inhibitory Potency of Selected Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives on Zinc-Dependent Histone Deacetylase Enzyme
Authors: Dushanan R. , Weerasinghe S. , Dissanayake D. P. , Senthilnithy R.
Published: September 2021

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes modify the histone by removing the acetyl group from the lysine residues, known as histone deacetylation. HDACs have been involved in altering gene expressions, resulting in cancer cells in the body. This study focuses on HDAC inhibitors’ impact on histone deacetylase-like protein (HDLP) stability through computational techniques. Molecular dynamics (MD) analyses were used to examine the atomic-level description of drug binding sites and how the HDAC inhibitors change the HDLP enzyme environment. In this study, two hydroxamic acid-derived inhibitors, such as [Formula: see text]-Carboxycinnamic acid bis-hydroxamide (CBHA) and scriptaid (GCK1026), were selected to examine the inhibition ability in terms with suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA) as a reference drug. The crystal structure of the HDLP was downloaded from the Protein Data Bank. The structures of inhibitors were optimized using the G09W package. Docking studies were done by AutoDock-Vina, and the resultant complex was used to initiate MD studies. The trajectories obtained from MD simulation were used to perform the structural analysis. Root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration, hydrogen bond, binding free energy and interaction energy studies revealed that the stability of HDLP-SAHA and HDLP-CBHA is higher than the free HDLP enzyme. The HDLP-CBHA complex shows an increased number of hydrogen bonds (5), high MM-PBSA binding free energy ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kJ/mol), high interaction energy ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kJ/mol), and an increased number of alpha-helical amino acids (130) compared with HDLP-SAHA. It concluded that the CBHA has the relatively same potential as SAHA to inhibit the HDLP. Consequently, the use of CBHA in clinical application is recommended through this in-silico method.
Assessing the mental health of college students by leveraging social media data
Authors: Saha Koustuv , De Choudhury Munmun
Published: September 2021

The mental health of college students is a growing concern and gauging the mental health needs of this group is difficult to assess in real-time and in scale. The ubiquity and widespread use of social media, particularly among young adults, provides opportunities for various stakeholders to proactively assess the mental health of college students and provide timely and tailored support.
Interleukin-6 versus Common Inflammatory Biomarkers for Diagnosing Fracture-Related Infection: Utility and Potential Influencing Factors
Authors: Zhao Xing-qi , Wan Hao-yang , Qin Han-jun , Jiang Nan , Yu Bin
Published: September 2021

Currently, the utility of white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), for diagnosis of fracture-related infection (FRI), is still controversial, and potential efficiency of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a novel cytokine in assisted diagnosis of FRI remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the utility and potential influencing factors of IL-6 and the common biomarkers for diagnosing FRI. Preoperative serological levels of IL-6 and the three biomarkers were compared between 407 FRI patients and 195 fracture-healed (FH) patients. Diagnostic efficiency of the indicators was evaluated using the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and their potential influencing factors were also analyzed. Outcomes showed that the median levels of all of the four biomarkers were significantly higher among the FRI patients than those among the FH patients (

P
<
0.01

). The areas below the ROC curves of ESR, CRP, and IL-6 were 76.5%, 76.4%, and 71.8%, respectively, with WBC of only 56.9%. Compared with ESR and CRP, IL-6 displayed a lower sensitivity (ESR vs. CRP vs.

IL
−
6
=
72.7
%

vs. 65.6% vs. 57.5%) but a higher specificity (ESR vs. CRP vs.

IL
−
6
=
70.3
%

vs. 75.4% vs. 83.6%). Serological IL-6 level was influenced by pathogen culture result and pathogen number; nonetheless, bacteria type appeared to have no influence on the levels of the four biomarkers. In short, this study displayed similar value of IL-6 with that of ESR and CRP in assisted diagnosis of FRI. Whether IL-6 can be regarded as a promising diagnostic indicator requires more studies.
Presence of Two Separate Hairy Polyps with Meningothelial Elements in a 15-Month-Old Child
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmad Saeed A. , Almutairi Nasser , Alokby Ghassan
Published: September 2021

Hairy polyps are benign embryological tumors of the head and neck region that are derived from two germinal layers, the ectoderm and mesoderm. At an incidence of 1 : 40000, hairy polyps are considered rare growths. Presenting symptoms of hairy polyps can vary greatly depending on the size and location of the tumor. To the best of our knowledge, our reported case is the first in the literature to highlight an extremely rare occurrence of two separate hairy polyps being simultaneously present in one patient, in the clivus and the nasion, with the presence of meningothelial cells within both tumors, histopathologically. With surgical resection as the management of choice, the approach of surgery differs greatly depending on many factors. Since the patient in our reported case had a cleft palate, we used a combined transnasal and transoral approach to fully release the clival mass and a direct skin incision for the nasion mass. Recurrence after complete surgical resection is rare, and if happens, it should rise suspicion of histopathologically misdiagnosed tumor. We amplified the importance of advanced radiological investigations along with proper multidisciplinary teamwork to exclude CNS connections and other histologically malignant tumors and to early pick up a possible simultaneous lesion.
Effects of Reducing the South and Reinforcing the North Method on Inflammatory Injury Induced by Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Wu Hongjin , Dai Weiwei , Wang Libo , Zhang Jie , Wang Chenglong
Published: September 2021

Inflammation is the pathophysiological basis of hyperlipidemia-related disease (HRD). Reducing the south and reinforcing the north method (RSRN) has a positive effect on HRD. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of RSRN are still unclear in the treatment of HRD. We obtained RSRN compounds from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and identified potential targets of these compounds through target fishing based on the TCMSP databases. Next, we identified the HRD targets by using multiple databases. Then, the overlapping genes between the RSRN potential targets and the HRD targets were used to establish a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and we further analyzed their interactions and identified the major hub genes in this network. Subsequently, the Metascape database was utilized to conduct the enrichment of Gene Ontology biological processes (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. A total of 187 potential active components and 106 related core targets were obtained and identified overall. Then after the Metascape enrichment analysis, a total of 148 KEGG pathways were screened, which were mainly associated with AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Furthermore, 34 hub genes, such as AKT1, NF-κBp65(RELA), IκBα(CHUK), MAPK8, and MAPK14, CCND1, were considered potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, evaluations of protein levels of NF-κBp65, IκBα, TNF-α, IL-1 ß, and IL-6 were performed for experimental validation. RSRN can reduce the expression of NF-κBp65 protein, increase the level of IκBα protein, and reduce the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in ovariectomized rats. The results indicate that the mechanism of RSRN against inflammation may be related to AKT1, NF-κBp65, IκBα, MAPK8, and MAPK14, as well as TNF, NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.
Ghrelin Immunoreactive Cell Amounts in the Abomasum in 4-Month-Old Calves by Feeding Different Amounts of Prebiotics and New Synbiotics
Authors: Arne Astra , Ilgaza Aija , Kalnina Liga Astra
Published: September 2021

The study aim was to determine prebiotic (inulin) and new synbiotic (inulin and Enterococcus faecium) varied dosage effects, during food breakdown-abomasum immunoreactive (IR) cell amount and cold carcass weight. Ghrelin is synthesized in the fundus region of the stomach. In the gastrointestinal system, ghrelin affects multiple functions, including secretion of gastric acid, gastric motility, and pancreatic protein output. The study consisted of 49 Holstein male calves (23 ± 5 days old, 50 ± 5 kg). Control and experimental groups were differentiated only with the additive amount added to the morning food source. Three prebiotic groups were fed Jerusalem artichoke flour (inulin content increased by 50%) in three amounts: 6 g (lowest) PreG6, 12 g (medium) PreG12, and 24 g (highest) PreG24. Three synbiotic groups were added 0.25 g of prebiotic Enterococcus faecium (2

∗

109 CFU/g) to the respective prebiotic, obtaining a new synbiotic (SynG6, SynG12, and SynG24). Calves were slaughtered after 56 days to obtain abomasum samples for ghrelin IR cell examination, and carcass weight was determined. It shows that ghrelin IR cell count in the abomasum was (

p
<
0.05

) reduced in 6g and 12g inulin dosage, but carcass weight was significantly (

p
<
0.05

) higher for PreG12 and PreG24 (

p
<
0.05

) and then for CoG (CoG 42.6 kg; PreG12 51.4 kg; and PreG24 54.0 kg) and (

p
<
0.05

) for SynG12 and SynG24 (SynG12 52.3 kg and SynG24 49.6 kg), which indicates longer satiety and more wholesome breakdown of the food uptake. It was concluded that ghrelin IR cells in 12-week-old calves are more abundant in the fundus region. Medium- and high-dosage prebiotic inulin feeding to the calves improves overall food digestion, allowing for longer satiety and higher cold carcass weight without increasing food amount. Adding synbiotic 0.25 g Enterococcus faecium (2

∗

109 CFU/g (Protexin, UK)) to inulin (produced in Latvia LTD „Herbe”) does not improve the results of this prebiotic.
The Metallogeny of the Tieling Cu-Mo Porphyry Deposit in Eastern Tianshan, NW China: New Insights from Zircon U-Pb, Fluid Inclusion, and H-O-S Stable Isotope Analyses
Authors: Li Ping , Liang Ting , Huang Fan , Zhao Tongyang , Zhu Zhixin , Li Yong , Feng Jing , He Lei
Published: September 2021

The eastern Tianshan metallogenic belt is an important molybdenum resource base in Xinjiang and is characterized by large-scale porphyry Mo deposits formed during the Triassic. The Tieling Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, which is situated in the western part of the eastern Tianshan metallogenic belt, was recently recognized as being related to Carboniferous granite porphyry. Three stages of hydrothermal mineralization were identified, including quartz+K-feldspar+pyrite±molybdenite±magnetite (stage I), quartz+molybdenite+pyrite+chalcopyrite (stage II), and quartz+pyrite±molybdenite±epidote (stage III). Fluid inclusion petrography and microthermometry analyses indicate the presence of gas-liquid inclusions with a H2O-NaCl composition. The ore-forming fluids have a characteristic temperature ranging from 157 to 262°C under stage II and 135 to 173°C under stage III, which correspond to salinities of 7.2-17.2 wt% NaCl equiv. and 5.9 to 9.6 wt% NaCl equiv., respectively. The hydrogen and oxygen isotope data indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the Tieling deposit were originally derived from magmatic hydrothermal fluids and then mixed with meteoric water. The sulfur isotope compositions indicate that the ore-forming materials were mainly derived from the Late Carboniferous felsic magma. Furthermore, zircon U-Pb analysis of ore-bearing granite porphyry yields a concordant age of298.4±0.7 Ma, indicating that the Tieling Cu-Mo deposit formed during the Late Carboniferous and differed from that processed under pre-Early Carboniferous and Triassic mineralization in the eastern Tianshan metallogenic belt. These results also indicate that the Tieling porphyry deposit was formed in the transition condition between subduction-related accretion and postcollisional orogeny, and it should be given more attention in prospect evaluations.
Characterization of Lagrangian Submanifolds by Geometric Inequalities in Complex Space Forms
Authors: Alqahtani Lamia Saeed
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we give an estimate of the first eigenvalue of the Laplace operator on a Lagrangian submanifold

M

n

minimally immersed in a complex space form. We provide sufficient conditions for a Lagrangian minimal submanifold in a complex space form with Ricci curvature bound to be isometric to a standard sphere

S

n

. We also obtain Simons-type inequality for same ambient space form.
Analysis of the Effect of Emergency Ventilators on the Treatment of Critical Illness Based on Smart Medical Big Data
Authors: Sha Haiwang , He Fen
Published: September 2021

Respiratory failure refers to pulmonary ventilation and ventilatory dysfunction caused by various reasons, which makes the patient unable to maintain the gas exchange required for stillness and causes a series of pathophysiological changes and corresponding clinical manifestations. In order to solve the problem of respiratory failure in critically ill patients, it is of great significance to analyze the role of microprocessor-based emergency ventilator in the treatment of critically ill patients. This article aims to study the role of microprocessor-based emergency ventilator in the treatment of critically ill patients. This paper presents the key technology based on the ARM11 processor. A breathing motion model is detected and established through a ventilator. The research objects are mainly divided into group A and group B. By comparing the two groups of emergency ventilator ventilation, it can effectively prevent the increase in respiratory muscle fatigue, reduce oxygen consumption, improve the patient's ventilation function and oxygen balance, quickly correct hypoxia and carbon dioxide storage, cooperate with drug treatment, and quickly take out the ventilator after relief. Good treatment results were achieved. The results show that the emergency ventilator controlled by a microcomputer is effective. The total effective rate of the control group was 71.11%, which was significantly lower than that of the observation group (86.67%).
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Happiness Index of Nine Cities in Pearl River Delta Based on AHP
Authors: Xie Aili , Liu Lianhua , Qin Longyi
Published: September 2021

With the development of China’s economy and the improvement of national income level, people’s living demands have shifted from food and clothing to happiness, so happiness has become an important indicator to measure the performance of government performance. Scientific measure of residents’ happiness is an important research topic for scholars, but the academic quantitative research on Chinese residents’ happiness is less. A few quantitative studies often focus on the happiness of a single study subject at some time, and this paper uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to measure the nine cities in 2011–2018, not only the comparative happiness between horizontal cities and cities, and the study data longitudinal span from 2011 to 2018. A comparative study of multiple objects across space-time was conducted. Empirical results show that the happiness level of urban residents in the Pearl River Delta has three characteristics: regional structure differentiation, urban group aggregation, and siphon effect in central cities, and the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward according to the results of the empirical research.
Higher Education, Technological Innovation, and Regional Sustainable Development: Insights from a VAR Model
Authors: Li Huajun , Liu Si
Published: September 2021

Sustainable development has increasingly become a primary concern of governments in the stage of high-quality economic development. Taking as an example Guangdong Province, China, where development and polarization coexist, this study uses a Vector Autoregressive(VAR) model to examine the relationship between higher education, technological innovation, and economic growth, and then uses the Coupling Coordination (CC) model to evaluate the developing coordination of subsystems where the above three elements are located; furthermore, it summarizes the mechanisms and corresponding paths of higher education on the quantity and quality of economic growth and illustrates the interactive relationships, the dynamic mechanisms, and the influencing factors. The results show that there is a dynamic interaction mechanism between higher education, technological innovation, and regional economy. The effect of this mechanism is enhanced in developed areas and with an obvious circle cumulative effect, while partly inhibited in undeveloped areas and with less or no circle cumulative effect. Therefore, on the path towards high-quality development, endogenous development models should be formulated and strengthened by developing higher education and constructing an innovation system, especially in the undeveloped areas. Higher education should be more in the regional development framework and targeted at the interaction and synergy in the regional socioeconomic system.
Global Dynamics of an SIS Model on Metapopulation Networks with Demographics
Authors: Liu Maoxing , Fu Xinjie , Zhang Jie , Zhao Donghua
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we propose a susceptible‐infected‐susceptible (SIS) epidemic model with demographics on heterogeneous metapopulation networks. We analytically derive the basic reproduction number, which determines not only the existence of endemic equilibrium but also the global dynamics of the model. The model always has the disease‐free equilibrium, which is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than unity and otherwise unstable. We also provide sufficient conditions on the global stability of the unique endemic equilibrium. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the theoretical results and the effects of the connectivity and diffusion. Furthermore, we find that diffusion rates play an active role in controlling the spread of infectious diseases.