bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Defect Detection Method for Overhead Ground Wire
Authors: Xiao Yao , Xiong Lan , Zhang Zhanlong , Dan Yihua
Published: December 2023

Overhead ground wires typically have strong axial tension and are prone to structural defects caused by corrosion and lightning strikes, which could lead to serious safety hazards. Therefore, it is important to detect defects accurately and quickly to avoid those problems. Existing defect detection methods for overhead ground wires are mainly traditional metal defect detection methods, including eddy current detection, ultrasonic detection, and manual visual inspection. However, those methods have problems of low detection efficiency, high environmental requirements, and insufficient reliability. To solve the above problems, this paper studies a novel type of defect detection technology for overhead ground wire. Firstly, the magnetic leakage characteristics around the defects of overhead ground wires are analyzed, and the defect detection device is designed. Then, the influence of air gap, lift-off distance, defect width, and cross-sectional loss rate on the magnetic flux leakage signal is studied, a novel defect detection method for overhead ground wire is proposed, and experimental verification is carried out. The results show that the proposed method can accurately locate and quantify the defect, which has the advantages of good reliability and high efficiency and lays the foundation for preventing accidents caused by defective overhead ground wires.
Calculation Method of Material Accumulation Rate at the Front of Trunk Glaciers Based on Satellite Monitoring
Authors: Wang Zhang , Hu Kaiheng , Li Zhengzheng , Li Changhu , Li Yao
Published: December 2023

Glaciers continue to erode and transport material, forming an accumulation area at the front of the glacier. The trunk glacier, which has many tributary glaciers upstream and converges on the main channel, deposits vast amounts of material in the main channel. It blocks the main channel, forming barrier lakes, and eventually turns into mountain disasters, such as debris flows or outburst floods. Therefore, the accumulation rate of the material is a major parameter in such disasters and can determine the frequency of disasters. The material usually comes from bedrock erosion by glaciers, weathering of bedrock walls, and upstream landslides, and the material loss depends on river erosion. Based on this, we set up a method to calculate the material accumulation rate in the glacier front based on satellite images. Then, the Peilong catchment was taken as an example to validate the proposed method. The results indicate that climatic fluctuations may increase landslides, resulting in more actual accumulation than the calculated value according to the average rate of bedrock retreat. The material provided by the retreat of bedrock accounts for 92% of the total volume. Our method provides a practical reference for the mid- and long-term prediction of glacial catastrophic mass movement, as global warming seriously threatens glacier instability and downstream communities.
Modeling the Effect of Green Roofs for Building Energy Savings and Air Pollution Reduction in Shanghai
Authors: Zheng Yuanfan , Chen Liang
Published: December 2023

Building energy consumption is an essential source of greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollution. Green roofs can directly absorb ambient CO2 and remove air pollutants through their vegetation layers, but a limited number of studies have examined their effects on GHG and air pollutant reduction associated with building energy savings, especially in the context of climate change. This research examined the performance of green roofs on CO2 and air pollutant reduction, including SO2, PM2.5, and NOx, through building energy demand savings in Shanghai, China. Climate change mitigation effects were assessed based on the energy consumption of five types of buildings before and after the installation of green roofs under 2020 and 2050 climate conditions, respectively. EnergyPlus software 9.5.0 was applied to simulate hourly energy consumption for different building prototypes with and without green roofs. Green roofs on all building types exhibited positive energy savings on annual, monthly, and diurnal scales, and they can save more energy for most of the building types under the projected 2050 climate condition. Moreover, most of the building energy saved by green roofs came from the Heating, Ventilation, and Cooling (HVAC) systems. In addition, this study discovered that the energy-saving benefits of green roofs vary based on the type of building they were installed on. Green roofs were found to have the largest energy saving on the shopping mall, especially on extremely hot summer days. Finally, a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach was developed with the ability to quantify the amount of GHG and air pollutant reduction associated with building energy savings for existing buildings in the Huangpu District of Shanghai. This approach was also utilized to present the spatial distribution of buildings with different levels of suitability to install green roofs by considering their location attributes and air pollutant reduction potential together, which is the major innovation of this research. The purpose of this study is to provide valuable guidance to policy makers regarding the performance of green roofs in building energy-saving and air quality improvement in the urban environment when facing the challenge of climate change, which is essential for urban sustainability.
Probabilistic Planning for an Energy Storage System Considering the Uncertainties in Smart Distribution Networks
Authors: Alguhi Ahmed A. , Alotaibi Majed A. , Al-Ammar Essam A.
Published: December 2023

Today, many countries are focused on smart grids due to their positive effects on all sectors of a power system, including those of operators, utilities, and consumers. Furthermore, the usage of renewable energy sources for power production is quickly expanding due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the emissions caused by their use. Additionally, intermittent power generation from renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, necessitates the use of energy storage devices with which to ensure a continuous power supply to meet demand. This can be accomplished by employing an appropriate storage device with a sufficient storage capacity, thus enabling a grid-connected solar PV and wind system to have enhanced performance and to reduce adverse effects on the power quality of the grid. In this study, a probabilistic planning model that takes the intermittent natures of solar irradiances, wind speeds, and system demands into account is introduced. A novel criterion is also adopted to map the three-dimensional spaces of intermittency with the proposed model for optimizing BESS charging/discharging decisions. This planning model is intended to minimize the economic costs of investment and operation of a battery energy storage system (BESS) for a planning period. Moreover, the substation and feeder upgrade costs, as well as the overall system loss costs, are included in the proposed model. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilized to find the optimal sizing, location, and operation of energy storage systems. The proposed methodology was validated using a 69-bus distribution system.
Optimizing Water-Light Complementary Systems for the Complex Terrain of the Southwestern China Plateau Region: A Two-Layer Model Approach
Authors: Hu Zhikai , Luo Zhumei , Luo Na , Zhang Xiaoxv , Chao Haocheng , Dai Linsheng
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to optimize the real-time, short-term dispatch of water-light complementary systems in plateau areas. A two-layer nested improved particle swarm optimization-stepwise optimization algorithm trial (IPSO-SOAT) model was devised to address the challenges posed by the intermittent, volatile, and random characteristics of renewable energy, leading to difficulties in renewable energy consumption and severe power cuts. The model, was employed to optimize the load distribution of complementary system power stations. The outer layer of the model employs an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to introduce uncertainty and enhance prediction accuracy. Additionally, regional optimization and robust optimization were incorporated to improve prediction reliability. The objective function was aimed at minimizing the residual load variance. The inner layer of the model employs a stepwise optimization algorithm, coupled with a two-dimensional coding strategy for the hydropower unit, to optimize the operating status of the hydropower station unit. The objective function in this layer minimizes flow consumption. A water-light complementary system was comprehensively analyzed in the context of the southwestern plateau region, considering the complex terrain characteristics. By comparing three scenarios, the superiority and flexibility of the two-level nested model were visualized. The proposed double-layer nesting model minimizes energy and natural resource consumption while ensuring sustainability, resulting in a reduction of 15,644.265 tons of carbon dioxide emissions per year. This technological innovation makes a significant contribution to sustainable development.
Facing the Constraints to the Deep Energy Renovation Process of Residential Built Stock in European Markets
Authors: Lassandro Paola , Devitofrancesco Anna , Bellazzi Alice , Cascardi Alessio , De Aloysio Giulia , Laghi Luca , Malvezzi Roberto
Published: December 2023

In many countries, depending on climatic conditions and the energy performance of buildings, the built stock is highly energy-consuming and constitutes a main source of greenhouse gas emissions. This is particularly true for Europe, where most of the existing buildings were built before 2001. For this reason, EU policies have focused on the Deep Energy Renovation Process of the residential building stock as the mainstream way for its decarbonization strategy by 2050. Based on a broad investigation of seven EU local retrofitting markets carried out within the H2020 re-MODULEES project, this paper defines a holistic methodology for understanding and facing the complexity of the renovation market and its inner constraints. Thanks to systematic surveys and the activation of stakeholders’ core groups (re-LABs), the main market barriers (cultural, social, technical, processual, and financial) were explored. Through a bottom-up clustering approach and vote analysis, a relevance classification of constraints of each pilot market and a detailed scenario of the most relevant market constraints at the European level were provided. This scalable methodology offers the baseline necessary for shaping more effective, cooperative, and tailored-made policies aimed at overcoming the current limitations to the full deployment of the Deep Energy Renovation Process (DERP) across the European markets.
Sustainability via Extended Warranty Contracts: Design for a Consumer Electronics Retailer
Authors: Aksezer Sezgin Çağlar
Published: December 2023

Warranty is one of the most important attributes of any product, from both manufacturer and consumer points of view. Although the retailers connect manufacturers to customers by selling goods, traditionally, they have isolated themselves from warranty-related matters such as customer complaints and maintenance costs. However, recent trends in consumer behavior toward extended warranty contracts have changed this approach. While retailers have started to generate considerable revenue from the sale of these contracts, sustainability is also achieved by longer product life cycles. This study analyzed the failure behavior of different classes of cell phone products and their related costs through a chain of consumer electronics retailer operating in Türkiye. To compete on pricing and customer service, a novel policy was designed for the retailer to honor the contracts in house rather than underwriting to a third party insurer as the industry standard. The maintenance records of 328 previous failures were analyzed to plot a failure model. Failure mode and effects analysis was carried out to identify failure classes and the respective costs for extended warranty design for cell phones. The expected warranty costs for coverage of the third, fourth, and fifth years of operation were determined. The results show that the retailer may achieve the same level of profit by increasing customer satisfaction along with the sustainability of the product through repair actions.
Resource Disposal and Products of Fly Ash from Domestic Waste Incineration in Zhejiang Province, China: Migration and Change of Hazardous Heavy Metals
Authors: Pan Shuping , Li Jun , Gong Hongping , Zhu Zhanheng , Xu Shunan , Jiang Caiping , Cai Wenxiang
Published: December 2023

At present, domestic waste incineration fly ash is classified as hazardous waste. The technical hurdle of fly ash detoxification and resource usage must be overcome in order to effectively utilize fly ash resources. In this study, we investigate the migration and transformation of heavy metal contaminants in the course of utilizing domestic waste incineration fly ash resources through the technology pathway of low-temperature pyrolysis, cyclic rinsing, and evaporation crystallization. Firstly, a comparative analysis was conducted on the fly ash (FA), pyrolysis ash (PA), and water-washing ash (WA) resulting from domestic waste incineration, revealing 24 types of metals, 3 types of non-metals, and 8 types of oxides. We observed the variations in heavy metal concentrations as well as the acidity and alkalinity in three types of ash resulting from the regenerated salt (RS) and incineration processes. Moreover, we analyzed the changes in heavy metal levels and acidity and alkalinity of treated saline water (TSW) and industrial brine (IB), which originate from the fly ash treatment process. The study’s results have confirmed that the heavy metal content in RS was below the detection limit following resource treatment. In addition, the regenerated salt product is determined to be a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3 system, which enables the utilization of fly ash as a valuable resource. Notably, there were significant changes observed in heavy metal content in TSW and IB. Continued attention needs to be paid to the potential risk of environmental contamination from heavy metals and dioxins in FA infiltration. This research will prove beneficial in assessing resource utilization potential of products subjected to environmentally sound incineration fly ash treatment.
Towards Affordable Precision Irrigation: An Experimental Comparison of Weather-Based and Soil Water Potential-Based Irrigation Using Low-Cost IoT-Tensiometers on Drip Irrigated Lettuce
Authors: Abdelmoneim Ahmed A. , Khadra Roula , Elkamouh Angela , Derardja Bilal , Dragonetti Giovanna
Published: December 2023

Predictive weather-based models are widely used to schedule irrigation through the estimation of crop evapotranspiration. However, perceiving real-time crop water requirements remains a challenge. This research aims at field validating and exploiting a low-cost IoT soil moisture tensiometer prototype to consequently compare weather-based irrigation to soil water moisture-based irrigation in terms of yield and crop water productivity. The prototype is based on the ESP32 microcontroller and BMP180 barometric sensor. When compared to a mechanical tensiometer, the IoT prototype proved its accuracy, registering an average R2 equal to 0.8 and an RMSE range of 4.25–7.1 kPa. In a second step, the irrigation of a Romaine lettuce field (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated under a drip system was managed according to two different scenarios: (1) using the data feed from the IoT tensiometers, irrigation was performed to keep the soil water potential between −15 and −25 kPa; (2) using the data provided by the in-situ weather station to estimate the crop water requirements. When comparing the yield, no significant difference was registered between the two scenarios. However, the water productivity was significantly higher, registering a 36.44% increment in scenario 1. The experiment highlights the water-saving potential achievable through real-time monitoring of soil moisture conditions. Since it is a low-cost device (82.20 USD), the introduced prototype facilitates deploying and managing a fleet of sensors for soil water potential live mapping.
Spatial Identification and Hotspots of Ecological Risk from Heavy Metals in Urban Dust in the City of Cartagena, SE Spain
Authors: Marín-Sanleandro Pura , Delgado-Iniesta María José , Sáenz-Segovia Anthony Felipe , Sánchez-Navarro Antonio
Published: December 2023

In the present work, a study has been carried out on the contamination of heavy metals in urban dust deposited on the roads of the city of Cartagena (Spain) in order to know the content of metals such as Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu. Likewise, the possible relationship between the concentration of heavy metals and the color of the sample, level of magnetism and traffic density was studied. Contamination was evaluated using several indices such as contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollutant load index (PLI) and ecological risk index (RI). A total of 88 samples were taken in the urban area of Cartagena, and the metals were determined by acid digestion and measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The concentration of heavy metals in urban dust from Cartagena was Zn (672 mg kg−1) > Cu (248.9 mg kg−1) > Pb (227 mg kg−1) > Cr (82.7 mg kg−1) > Ni (47.7 mg kg−1) > Cd (4.1 mg kg−1). Contamination levels were high in Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu, according to environmental indices. A correlation was found between magnetism and metal concentration, which was repeated for all metals except Cd. Dark-colored samples contained higher metal concentrations than light-colored samples. Meanwhile, streets with medium and low traffic intensity were found to have higher concentrations of heavy metals. This study’s objective was to identify pollution hotspots caused by heavy metals in dust in the urban ecosystem of Cartagena city.
The Neutron Skin of 48Ca and 208Pb: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Sammarruca Francesca
Published: December 2023

We discuss the neutron skins of 48Ca and 208Pb. We review and critically examine modern predictions and empirical constraints, with special attention to the different interpretations of the findings from the PREX-II experiment and the recently reported value of the neutron skin in 48Ca extracted from the CREX experiment. We argue that, in the spirit of the ab initio philosophy, the path to understanding the behavior of dense neutron-rich matter must not circumvent fundamental nuclear forces. Based only on that argument, a thick neutron skin in 208Pb is highly unlikely.
The Algebra and Calculus of Stochastically Perturbed Spacetime with Classical and Quantum Applications
Authors: Pilipović Dragana
Published: December 2023

We consider an alternative to dark matter as a potential solution to various remaining problems in physics: the addition of stochastic perturbations to spacetime to effectively enforce a minimum length and establish a fundamental uncertainty at minimum length (ML) scale. To explore the symmetry of spacetime to such perturbations both in classical and quantum theories, we develop some new tools of stochastic calculus. We derive the generators of rotations and boosts, along with the connection, for stochastically perturbed, minimum length spacetime (“ML spacetime”). We find the metric, the directional derivative, and the canonical commutator preserved. ML spacetime follows the Lie algebra of the Poincare group, now expressed in terms of the two-point functions of the stochastic fields (per Ito’s lemma). With the fundamental uncertainty at ML scale a symmetry of spacetime, we require the translational invariance of any classical theory in classical spacetime to also include the stochastic spacetime perturbations. As an application of these ideas, we consider galaxy rotation curves for massive bodies to find that—under the Robertson–Walker minimum length theory—rotational velocity becomes constant as the distance to the center of the galaxy becomes very large. The new tools of stochastic calculus also set the stage to explore new frontiers at the quantum level. We consider a massless scalar field to derive the Ward-like identity for ML currents.
A High-Performance Multimodal Deep Learning Model for Detecting Minority Class Sample Attacks
Authors: Yu Li , Xu Liuquan , Jiang Xuefeng
Published: December 2023

A large amount of sensitive information is generated in today’s evolving network environment. Some hackers utilize low-frequency attacks to steal sensitive information from users. This generates minority attack samples in real network traffic. As a result, the data distribution in real network traffic is asymmetric, with a large number of normal traffic and a rare number of attack traffic. To address the data imbalance problem, intrusion detection systems mainly rely on machine-learning-based methods to detect minority attacks. Although this approach can detect minority attacks, the performance is not satisfactory. To solve the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes a novel high-performance multimodal deep learning method. The method is based on deep learning. It captures the features of minority class attacks based on generative adversarial networks, which in turn generate high-quality minority class sample attacks. Meanwhile, it uses the designed multimodal deep learning model to learn the features of minority attacks. The integrated classifier then utilizes the learned features for multi-class classification. This approach achieves 99.55% and 99.95% F-measure, 99.56% and 99.96% accuracy on the CICIDS2017 dataset and the NSL-KDD dataset, respectively, with the highest false positives at only 3.4%. This exceeds the performance of current state-of-the-art methods.
Cycle Embedding in Enhanced Hypercubes with Faulty Vertices
Authors: Liu Min
Published: December 2023

The enhanced hypercube is a well-known variant of the hypercube and can be constructed from a hypercube by adding an edge to every pair of vertices with complementary addresses. Let Fv denote the set of faulty vertices in an n-dimensional enhanced hypercube Qn,k(1≤k≤n−1). In this paper, we conclude that if n≥2, then every fault-free edge of Qn,k−Fv lies on a fault-free cycle of every even length from 4 to 2n−2|Fv|, and if n(≥2) and k have the different parity, then every fault-free edge of Qn,k−Fv lies on a fault-free cycle of every possible odd length from n−k+4 to 2n−2|Fv|−1, where |Fv|≤n−2.
Neutralization Capacity of Tissue Alterations Caused by the Venoms of the Most Dangerous Scorpions in North Africa Using a Selective Antivenom
Authors: Darkaoui Bouchra , Aksim Mohamed , Aarab Ayoub , Lafnoune Ayoub , Khourcha Soukaina , Cadi Rachida , Filali Ouafaa Aniq , Oukkache Naoual
Published: December 2023

In North Africa, scorpion stings pose an urgent public health problem, particularly for children with high morbidity and mortality rates. The main species implicated are the Androctonus mauretanicus (Am), Androctonus australis hector (Aah), and Buthus occitanus (Bo). Immunotherapy is the specific therapeutic approach aimed at directly neutralizing toxins, despite their severity and rapid diffusion. In the present study, we evaluate, histologically and immunohistologically, the neutralization potency of the selective antivenom produced against, among other species, the Am, Aah, and Bo at the level of the tissue alterations in Swiss mice, as experimental subjects. Firstly, the lethal doses 50 test was conducted to assess the venom’s toxic activity, and then the median effective dose of the antivenom was determined against each venom. The histological and immunohistological analyses were performed by injecting the sublethal dose of venom, the complex venom and antivenom, or the antivenom 2 h following inoculation of venom. Our study revealed the highest toxicity of the Am, followed by the Aah and then the Bo venom. The neutralizing ability and effectiveness of the antivenom to completely or partially neutralize the tissular damages were demonstrated in all organs studied: brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Our results highlighted the important cytoplasmic and membranous staining in the heart compared to the brain tissue for the three scorpion venoms. Therefore, the scorpionic antivenoms are able to reach their target even at the tissue level. Immunotherapy represents the specific and recommended treatment against the scorpionic stings in North Africa.
A Lac Repressor-Inducible Baculovirus Expression Vector for Controlling Adeno-Associated Virus Capsid Ratios
Authors: Slack Jeffrey , Nguyen Christopher , Ibe-Enwo Amanda
Published: December 2023

The baculovirus expression vector (BEV) system is an efficient, cost-effective, and scalable method to produce recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) gene therapy vectors. Most BEV designs emulate the wild-type AAV transcriptome and translate the AAV capsid proteins, VP1, VP2, and VP3, from a single mRNA transcript with three overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). Non-canonical translation initiation codons for VP1 and VP2 reduce their abundances relative to VP3. Changing capsid ratios to improve rAAV vector efficacy requires a theoretical modification of the translational context. We have developed a Lac repressor-inducible system to empirically regulate the expression of VP1 and VP2 proteins relative to VP3 in the context of the BEV. We demonstrate the use of this system to tune the abundance, titer, and potency of a neurospecific rAAV9 serotype derivative. VP1:VP2:VP3 ratios of 1:1:8 gave optimal potency for this rAAV. It was discovered that the ratios of capsid proteins expressed were different than the ratios that ultimately were in purified capsids. Overexpressed VP1 did not become incorporated into capsids, while overexpressed VP2 did. Overabundance of VP2 correlated with reduced rAAV titers. This work demonstrates a novel technology for controlling the production of rAAV in the BEV system and shows a new perspective on the biology of rAAV capsid assembly.
Ad5-nCoV Vaccination Could Induce HLA-E Restricted CD8+ T Cell Responses Specific for Epitopes on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein
Authors: Wang Yuling , Yang Lu , Tang Kang , Zhang Yusi , Zhang Chunmei , Zhang Yun , Jin Boquan , Zhang Yuan , Zhuang Ran , Ma Ying
Published: December 2023

We evaluated cellular immune responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in an immunized population based on HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cell epitope identification. HLA-E-restricted SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ T cell nonamer peptides were predicted with software. An HLA-E-transfected K562 cell binding assay was used to screen for high-affinity peptides. IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assays were used to identify HLA-E-restricted epitopes. An HLA-E/epitope tetramer was employed to detect the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells. Four CD8+ T cell epitopes on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 restricted by both HLA-E*0101 and E*0103 were identified. HLA-E-restricted epitope-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cell responses could be detected in individuals vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Importantly, the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells in Ad5-nCoV vaccinated individuals were higher than in individuals vaccinated with recombinant protein or inactivated vaccines. Moreover, the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells could be maintained for at least 120 days after only one dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine, while the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells decreased in individuals after two doses of Ad5-nCoV vaccine. These findings may contribute to a more comprehensive evaluation of the protective effects of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2; meanwhile, they may provide information to characterize HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Spatiotemporal Variability and Impact Factors of Domestic Water Prices in China
Authors: Xie Xing , Tu Xinjun , Zhu Jinglei , Singh Vijay P. , Chai Yuanyuan
Published: December 2023

Given China’s status as one of the most water-scarce countries globally, its rapid development of urbanization and sustained economic growth have led to increasing pressure on the urban water supply. Water pricing is also receiving increasing attention as an important tool for water resource management. This study analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of domestic water prices in China and their drivers. To this end, domestic water price data from 285 cities in China were collected. Spatial statistical analysis and geodetector were used to examine the spatial distribution and temporal patterns of domestic water prices from 2007 to 2020, as well as to identify the primary factors influencing these prices. The following results are noted: (1) The national average domestic water price has increased from 2 RMB/m3 to 3.12 RMB/m3, where the northeast and eastern regions have higher prices than the national average, while the central and western regions have lower prices. (2) The spatial distribution of urban domestic water prices presents clear differences characteristic of north–south and spatial agglomeration effects; the high-value area of domestic water prices is mainly concentrated in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei. (3) On a national and regional scale, the price of domestic water is closely related to economic development, water resources, and resident’s income level. Furthermore, this study revealed that the interaction between pairwise factors played a more significant role in influencing domestic water prices compared with the individual impact of each factor. This finding contributes to a deeper understanding of the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in domestic water pricing and offers valuable insights and guidance for water pricing reform in China.
Enterococcus Species and Their Antimicrobial Resistance in an Urban Watershed Affected by Different Anthropogenic Sources
Authors: Ibekwe Abasiofiok M. , Obayiuwana Amarachukwu C. , Murinda Shelton E.
Published: December 2023

Different anthropogenic sources can have a significant influence on bacterial populations and their antimicrobial activities. In this study, the impact of anthropogenic activities on Enterococcus species was studied in an urban watershed in southern California affected by concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), recreational activities, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), urban runoff, and control sites. Water samples were collected quarterly for two years for the enumeration of Enterococcus species based on the Enterolert most probable-number (MPN) assay. Concentrations of enterococci were higher in the sediment compared to surface water (4.5 × 106 CFU/g of sediment vs. 2.3 × 105 MPN/100 mL of water). The species diversity was dominated by E. mundtii (32%), E. faecalis (27%), and E. faecium (25%). E. faecium exhibited the highest antibiotic-resistant phenotype. Resistances were mostly to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Tetracycline and erythromycin resistance genes, encoded by tet (C, K, O, S) and ermB, respectively, were more common in isolates from sediment (42.9%) compared to water (12.7%). E. mundtii was sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and high levels of vancomycin. A significant percentage of E. faecalis were also resistant to these antibiotics. E. faecium and E. faecalis exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics. Our data suggest that resistant Enterococcus species within the watershed might provide some useful data to determine pollutant types and sources in that watershed. Therefore, the widespread occurrence and abundance of E. faecium and E. faecalis, and their resistance genes associated with multiple antibiotics may potentially pose risks to the local populations exposed to these water sources during recreational activities.
Novel Fenton-like Catalyst HKUST-1(Cu)/MoS2-3-C with Non-Equilibrium-State Surface for Selective Degradation of Phenolic Contaminants: Synergistic Effects of σ-Cu-Ligand and ≡Mo–OOSO3− Complex
Authors: Yin Xiaoze , Yin Huaqin , Wang Renjie , Wang Jinnan , Li Aimin
Published: December 2023

Novel Fenton-like catalyst HKUST-1(Cu)/MoS2-3-C with a non-equilibrium-state surface was constructed for selective degradation of phenolic contaminants. Electron-polarized distribution facilitated the formation of σ-Cu-ligand between electron-poor Cu centre and phenolic compounds, which not only enhanced radicals generation but also accelerated the Cu(I)/Cu(II) redox. Meanwhile, ≡Mo–OOSO3− complexes formed by the electron-rich Mo centre and peroxymonosulfate (PMS), could directly oxidize phenolic contaminants with the generation of SO4•−. The radical quenching experiments and EPR tests indicated that both SO4•− and •OH played a dominant role in the reaction. Additionally, O2 could be reduced to O2•− by OVs and subsequently converted into 1O2 over the Mo centre. DFT calculation, FT-IR, and in situ Raman spectra analysis results demonstrated that phenolic compounds and PMS were respectively adsorbed by electron-poor Cu centre and electron-rich Mo centre, favouring the electrons transfer from phenolic contaminants to Mo centre for PMS activation. With synergistic effects of σ-Cu-ligand and ≡Mo–OOSO3− complexes, HKUST-1(Cu)/MoS2-3-C achieved a high degradation rate of phenolic contaminants and utilization efficiency of PMS.
Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation among Pregnant Women in Gran Canaria
Authors: Santana-González María del Amor , Vázquez-Núñez María Granada , Miranda-Sánchez Mar , González-de la Torre Héctor , González-Martín Jesús María , Jeppesen-Gutiérrez Julia , Monagas-Agrelo Iraya
Published: December 2023

Suicidal ideation represents a significant predictor of completed suicide. Recent research indicates that it is the leading cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy in industrialized countries, as well as in the 12 months following childbirth, with prevalence rates among pregnant women ranging from 3% to 33%. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation among pregnant women in Gran Canaria. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study was conducted at the University Hospital Complex Insular Materno-Infantil of Gran Canaria (CHUIMI). Consecutive non-probabilistic sampling was employed among pregnant women in their 20th to 22nd week of pregnancy. Participants completed the PHQ-9 questionnaire, the Paykel Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire to assess associated risk factors. A total of 9.57% of pregnant women reported experiencing some level of suicidal ideation. Factors that increased the risk of suicidal ideation included employment status (p-value = 0.031), prior abortions/miscarriages (p-value < 0.001), educational level (p-value = 0.005), and having living children (p-value = 0.018). This study suggests that the prevalence of suicidal ideation among pregnant women in Gran Canaria may be higher than previously reported in the literature. Therefore, early identification of suicidal ideation is crucial for timely intervention.
INDIVIDUALIZATION OF LEARNING AS A DEVELOPMENT ACTUALITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Authors: SEMENOVSKA L. , VAZHENINA I. , FAZAN V.
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the formation of the idea of individualization of education in the works of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Johann Gottfried Herder, Helen Parkhurst, Maria Montessori, John Dewey, etc. On the basis of studying the works of foreign researchers, in particular, Ken Robinson, Diana Laurillard, Candace Thille, etc., the key theoretical aspects of the development of individualized learning are highlighted: diagnostics (collection and analysis of data about a person for understanding its needs, abilities and level of knowledge); personalization (development of educational programs, tasks and materials that meet the specific needs of each stu- dent); flexibility (providing opportunities for individual choice of learning method, pace and work schedule); self-regulation (instilling self-regulation skills and the ability to take responsibility for one’s own learning); feedback (constant monitoring and evaluation of learning achievements with the possibility of adjusting learning according to the results). The main mechanisms of practical implemen-tation of the idea of individualization of education in the American, British and Swiss education systems are revealed (personalizationof education by means of forming a digital educational environment; use of individual educational plans; dual education; variabilityof educational programs and courses; selection and processing of analytical data regarding the course of the educational process; co- operation teachers and parents in the educational process; development of creativity, independence and personal responsibility, etc.). The article proves that the individualization of learning as an actuality of scientific and educational progress in Ukraine and the world should be used with the latest pedagogical tools, aimed at creating a friendly atmosphere, mutual understanding and cooperation in theeducational institution. It is also important to develop mechanisms that provide, firstly, personal support and monitoring of individual development, level of education and upbringing, and secondly, clarification and resolution of pedagogical, psychological and social problems. It was established that the individualization of education in our time depends not only on the efforts of the education system, but also on the balanced joint work of all social institutions.
Forward-backward splitting algorithm with self-adaptive method for finite family of split minimization and fixed point problems in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Abbas Hammed Anuoluwapo , Aremu Kazeem , Oyewole Olawale , Mebawondu Akindele , Narain Ojen
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we introduce an inertial forward-backward splitting method together with a Halpern iterative algorithm for approximating a common solution of a finite family of split minimization problem involving two proper, lower semicontinuous and convex functions and fixed point problem of a nonexpansive mapping in real Hilbert spaces. Under suitable conditions, we proved that the sequence generated by our algorithm converges strongly to a solution of the aforementioned problems. The stepsizes studied in this paper are designed in such a way that they do not require the Lipschitz continuity condition on the gradient and prior knowledge of operator norm. Finally, we illustrate a numerical experiment to show the performance of the proposed method. The result discussed in this paper extends and complements many related results in literature.
Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlüklere Göre Azerbaycan ile Türkiye Arasındaki Rekabet Gücünün Analizi
Authors: ALASKAROV Atif , SANDALCILAR Ali Rıza
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı açıklanmış karşılaştırmalı üstünlüklere göre Azerbaycan’ın Türkiye ile ikili ticarette ürün grubu bazında rekabet gücünü analiz etmektir. Bu bağlamda Azerbaycan’ın hangi ürün gruplarında Türkiye’ye karşı avantajlı olduğu; hangi ürün gruplarında ise dezavantajlı durumda olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Analizlerde 2000-2020 dönemine ait SITC basamak 1 ve basamak 2 yıllık verileri kullanılarak Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler Endeksi (AKÜ) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Azerbaycan tüm yıllarda sadece 3 numaralı “Mineral yakıtlar, yağlar ve alkali ürünler” ürün grubunda Türkiye’ye karşı avantajlı durumda olduğu; 2 numaralı “Akaryakıt hariç yenilmeyen hammaddeler” ürün grubunda 2018 yılı sonrası avantajlı duruma geçtiği; diğer tüm ürün gruplarında ise dezavantajlı durumda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Crowdsourcing Geospatial Data for Earth and Human Observations: A Review
Authors: Huang Xiao , Wang Siqin , Yang Di , Hu Tao , Chen Meixu , Zhang Mengxi , Zhang Guiming , Biljecki Filip , Lu Tianjun , Zou Lei , Wu Connor Y. H. , Park Yoo Min , Li Xiao , Liu Yunzhe , Fan Hongchao , Mitchell Jessica , Li Zhenlong , Hohl Alexander
Published: December 2023

The transformation from authoritative to user-generated data landscapes has garnered considerable attention, notably with the proliferation of crowdsourced geospatial data. Facilitated by advancements in digital technology and high-speed communication, this paradigm shift has democratized data collection, obliterating traditional barriers between data producers and users. While previous literature has compartmentalized this subject into distinct platforms and application domains, this review offers a holistic examination of crowdsourced geospatial data. Employing a narrative review approach due to the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, we investigate both human and Earth observations through crowdsourced initiatives. This review categorizes the diverse applications of these data and rigorously examines specific platforms and paradigms pertinent to data collection. Furthermore, it addresses salient challenges, encompassing data quality, inherent biases, and ethical dimensions. We contend that this thorough analysis will serve as an invaluable scholarly resource, encapsulating the current state-of-the-art in crowdsourced geospatial data, and offering strategic directions for future interdisciplinary research and applications across various sectors.
СОЦІО-ГУМАНІТАРНА ПУБЛІЧНА ПОЛІТИКА ДЕРЖАВИ В УМОВАХ ВИКЛИКІВ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Титаренко Любов , Костенюк Наталя , Яценко Володимир
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто спрямування публічної політики в напрямку гуманітарно-орієнтованого  розвитку  держави в епоху викликів під час війни. Сучасний світовий порядок перебуває у стані інтенсивної трансформації, що передбачає перерозподіл важелів впливу і контролю над планетарними ресурсами,  глобалізованою  фінансово-економічною системою, енергетичною сферою, регуляцією й домінуванням  технологічних комунікацій, набуттям контролю над  механізмами міжнародної  системи безпеки.
Акцентуючи увагу на спрямованості політики держави в умовах викликів війни,  ми стали свідками, що іде війна цивілізації з антицивілізацією,  усвідомлюючи, що  зважена, відповідальна та  ефективно – функціонуюча політика  потребує  гуманітарного підґрунтя  з урахуванням кращого світового і  європейського досвіду. Звідси і постають питання, що зумовлюють ефективність використання державою людського потенціалу: а) що і в який спосіб суспільство, держава, влада можуть і спроможні дати людям, котрі попали в скрутні життєві обставини внаслідок втрати домівки, майна, рідних та близьких;  б) яким чином активізувати морально-етичний світогляд громадян, і, особливо молодого покоління, що активно залучене до відстоювання незалежності країни; в) питання зміни ціннісних орієнтирів громадськості  від суспільства споживання до   функціональних відносин підтримки людського життя.
Спрямованість політики держави розглядаємо в напрямку вітчизняного цивілізаційного  розвитку, захисту України від наявних небезпек війни, суспільних викликів  і змін, перспектив відновлення та підтримки громадськості  владними структурами.
УПРАВЛІННЯ РОЗВИТКОМ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ КРИЗИ: ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: Орел Оксана
Published: December 2023

Регіональна політика є основним інструментом ЄС для зменшення регіональних розбіжностей та інвестування в стале та інклюзивне соціально-економічне зростання. Він діє через «спільне управління» між Комісією та державами-членами ЄС. Реалізація згуртованості політики програми вимагає відповідного адміністративний місткість на програма на рівні проектів, створення систем надійного фінансового управління та контролю, а також виконання інших елементів acquis ЄС.  Прагнення України досягти європейських демократичних стандартів та зобов'язання в рамках Угоди про асоціацію між Україною та ЄС вимагають впровадження нових практик у взаємодії органів місцевого самоврядування. Ці нові практики мають включати інструменти місцевої демократії, які довели свою ефективність в інших країнах. Автор доводить, що регіональна політика охоплюється Угодою про асоціацію, згідно з якою ЄС та Україна зобов’язалися сприяти взаєморозумінню та двосторонній співпраці у сфері регіональної політики. Вони також скоєно просування вдосконалених методів формулювання та впровадження регіональної політики, зокрема багаторівневого управління та партнерства. Це включає налаштування створення ефективної нормативно-правової бази, розбудова потенціалу та заходи для посилення транскордонних і регіональних економічних і ділових мереж.
Розробка перспективних планів формування територій громад в регіонах України також є частиною державної підтримки. Новий адміністративно-територіальний устрій має слугувати територіальною основою для формування децентралізованої системи територіального управління, забезпечення найбільш ефективного використання соціальних ресурсів, сталого економічного зростання на основі принципів сталого розвитку та покращення умов життя людей.
First abnormalities investigation in Mullus barbatus (Mullidae) from the Eastern Coast of Algeria
Authors: Bensaada Asma , Ramdani Souhila , Ichalal Keltoum , Mouhoub-Sayah Chafika , Djoudad-Kadji Hafsa
Published: December 2023

Red mullet Mullus barbatus, Linnaeus, 1758, is a benthic marine fish. Because of its wide geographic distribution and close association with sediments, red mullet is commonly used as a sentinel species for pollution assessment along the Mediterranean coast. A total of 500 specimens were examined from the Gulf of Bejaia, eastern coast of Algeria, from June 2018 to June 2019 by X-ray radiography and histopathological examination. We observed for the first time in Algeria complex spinal column deformities (kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis), vertebral coalescence, vertebral fusion, missing of one pelvic fin, caudal fin abnormalities, congested cheek, lymphocystis, ovary malformation, and asymmetric testis. Additionally, fibrosis, inflammatory reaction, melano-macrophage centres, necrosis, atresia, and disturbance of normal tissue were detected by histopathology examination
Evaluating the impact of Well-being practice on Employee Resilience in Service Sectors
Authors: Jesrani Drishti Rupesh , Banu Ruksana
Published: December 2023

Objective - The radical changes in lifestyles and dynamic market conditions, employee well-being interventions, and employee resilience have started playing an important role in the workplace. This study aims to examine the impact of employee well-being practices on employee resilience in the context of Oman's service sectors.
Methodology/Technique - Using an explanatory quantitative method and data from a deductive literature review, the authors formulate key factors to explore the implications of well-being practices on employee resilience. An online questionnaire on Google Forms was designed and distributed among the service sectors of Oman. The inclusion criteria for the respondents of this online survey comprised employers, employees, and interns of the service sectors of Oman.
Findings –Using the employee well-being approaches (hedonic and eudaimonic), and the findings from correlation and multiple regression analysis. This study argues that employee well-being practices have a positive impact on employee resilience. This implies that enhanced employee well-being practices would lead to employee resilience, which in turn would bring improved employee performance and organizational productivity.
Novelty - Apart from employee resilience, organizational resilience and leaders should create an environment for well-being to retain and attract competent employees.

Type of Paper: Empirical
JEL Classification: H51, J1, J65.
Keywords: Employee well-being; Employee resilience; Psychological well-being; Social well-being; Flexible working arrangements; Oman.

Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Jesrani, D.R; Banu, R. (2023). Evaluating the impact of Well-being practice on Employee Resilience in Service Sectors, J. Mgt. Mkt. Review, 8(4), 129 – 136. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2023.8.4(3)