bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconciliation Processes In Rwanda. The Importance of Tradition and Culture for Transitional Justice
Authors: Myl Małgorzata
Published: October 2021

In 1994, Rwanda suffered one of the worst genocides in history. It is estimated that up to 1,000,000 people were killed in the 100 days of mass slaughter. In 2019, 25 years after the atrocities, Rwanda and Rwandans are still involved in transitional processes aimed at rebuilding the country, handling the past crimes and, ultimately, achieving reconciliation. In the first part of the paper the significance of the reconciliation is elaborated. Reconciliation is often presumed to be one of the main goals for transitional justice and an essential element for rebuilding peace and security in post-conflict countries. It is also the process during which victims and perpetrators attain or restore a relationship and heal their trauma. In the second part of the paper, the importance of local tradition and cultures for transitional justice is discussed. The attention is paid to gacaca courts, reconciliation villages and umuganda, and to their roles in achieving reconciliation in Rwanda.
Regionalisation or Regionalism? The Contemporary Legal Status of Cooperation in the South Pacific
Authors: Siekiera Joanna
Published: October 2021

This article aims to analyse the legal status of regional cooperation among the South Pacific countries and territories, as not every entity in the Pacific Basin possesses International law features of a state. Regionalisation, as well as regionalism, as illustrated by the example of the South Pacific region, is a new topic to examine, especially in the Polish and European literature. Therefore, this topic does need further and deeper analysis. First of all, both regionalism and regionalisation are international phenomena that were set against the process of globalisation only in the last two decades of the 20th century. Secondly, the Pacific Ocean became more dominant in geopolitics than the Atlantic Community at the beginning of 21st century. There are many publications regarding local cooperation mechanisms worldwide. Most of them, though, concern political and/or economic integration, and neglect the legal aspects of regional integration. The outcome of this article is nonetheless to present the contemporary legal statusof the South Pacific cooperation, though it is at the stage of regionalisation, while not yet regionalism – fully formalised and structuralised just as it is on the other continents.
European Court of Human Rights Case Law on Genetic Information in the Scope of International Biomedical Law
Authors: Kwiatkowski Paweł
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study is to analyze the case law of the European Court of Human Rights on genetic information in the scope of international biomedical law, as expressed in the International Declaration on Human Genetic Data and the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Human Dignity in the Field of Application of Biology and Medicine. The Court held that the genetic information is protected under the law of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The model of the right to respect for private life is reflected in its shape, as the Court noted in the Van der Velden v. The Netherlands and S. and Marper v. The United Kingdom cases. It leads to the conclusion that the provision of Article 8 of the Convention provides the protection of genetic information, subject to certain restrictions that are “in accordance with law” and “necessary in a democratic society”. Such conclusion is in compliance with art. 12, art. 17 (b) art. 21 (c) of the International Declaration on Human Genetic Data, and art. 11 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine.
Mining the EU Global Strategy of 2016
Authors: Szoszkiewicz Łukasz
Published: October 2021

This study proposes to apply an automated lexical analysis to the European Security Strategy of 2003, entitled “A Secure Europe in a Better World”, and the European Union Global Strategy of 2016, entitled “Shared Vision, Common Acton: A Stronger Europe”. The findings are not limited to supporting the predominant interpretations of scholars and experts, but aim at exploring the usefulness of text mining techniques in the interpretation of EU documents. Furthermore, the conclusions drawn from the lexical analysis are discussed in the light of complex systems theory, which may be beneficial for the proper understanding of the concept of resilience (mainly its multidimensional nature) and its subsequent operationalization. The last part of the paper includes an in-depth analysis of the EU rhetoric on the UN fora (period: 2014–2019) regarding the concept of resilience, in particular its linkages with human rights.
On partially Schur-constant models and their associated copulas
Authors: Lefèvre Claude
Published: October 2021

Schur-constant vectors are used to model duration phenomena in various areas of economics and statistics. They form a particular class of exchangeable vectors and, as such, rely on a strong property of symmetry. To broaden the field of applications, partially Schur-constant vectors are introduced which correspond to partially exchangeable vectors. First, their copulas of survival, said to be partially Archimedean, are explicitly obtained and analyzed. Next, much attention is devoted to the construction of different partially Schur-constant models with two groups of exchangeable variables. Finally, partial Schur-constancy is briefly extended to the modeling of nested and multi-level dependencies.
STEAM Practices to Explore Ancient Architectures Using Augmented Reality and 3D Printing with GeoGebra
Authors: Bedewy Shereen El , Choi Kyeongsik , Lavicza Zsolt , Fenyvesi Kristof , Houghton Tony
Published: October 2021

In this study, we develop mathematical educational practices for students to explore ancient buildings using GeoGebra, Augmented Reality and 3D printing. It is an interdisciplinary approach, intertwining history, culture, mathematics, and engineering. For example, the 3D modelling of Cheomseongdae in Korea and the Temple of Dendera in Egypt can enable students to practice a multimodal set of traditional and innovative learning approaches. Students might use their mathematical knowledge to reflect on architectural and cultural history in a modeling task.
Allocation of risk factors for geodetic tasks in construction schedules
Authors: Kowacka Magdalena , Skorupka Dariusz , Duchaczek Artur , Waniewska Agnieszka , Dudziak-Gajowiak Dominika
Published: October 2021

Road construction projects are characterized by multitasking and the influence of the correct implementation of one task on another. In the subject literature, we can encounter the analysis of risk factors throughout the project, and yet, we rarely find the distinction and characteristics of the impact of risk factors resulting from the implementation of planning and measurement tasks, the correctness and timeliness that have a huge impact on the performance of subsequent tasks, and the success of the project. Additionally, attention should be paid on the distinction between design work and the implementation of construction. During the implementation of construction works, we are more capable of detecting errors faster at the initial stage than at the stage of performing measurements, which suggests the need to focus on minimizing the occurrence of risk factors at the initial stage. Therefore, two questions have been asked. How to quantify the risk factors of geodetic works in road construction projects? How to allocate quantified risk factors of geodetic works in the schedule? The following article presents the description and the example of the practical use of the risk assessment procedure of geodetic works and risk allocation in the schedule based on the MORAG method (Method of Risk Analysis for Geodesy), which is the original method of risk analysis of geodetic works in road construction projects. As a result of these works, the risk values for the i-th risk factor and i-th geodetic task were determined, considering the increase in the duration of the work, the increase in the costs of the work, and all evaluation criteria. Then, the extension was described and calculated based on the data obtained from the actual implementation of the road construction project, the value, which in this case is 11.05 days, was entered into the modified schedule. The results of this study may help to better understand the scale of the impact of the correctness of the implementation of geodesy tasks on the implementation of construction tasks. Additionally, they may serve to increase the awareness of the scale of consequences of incorrectly performed measurement tasks (demolition is necessary) and greater attention on the cooperation between the entities implementing these activities.
The use of numerical analysis of the injection process to select the material for the injection molding
Authors: Jachowicz Tomasz , Gajdoš Ivan , Cech Vlastimil , Krasinskyi Volodymyr
Published: October 2021

The article presents the methodology of using the results of computer simulation of the injection process to assess the suitability of the material for the injection molding. Computer simulation of the basic phenomena occurring during the filling phase, packing, and cooling phase of the injection molding provides a number of different results, containing typical information both on the suggested technological parameters of the process and on the dimensional accuracy of the molded part, but also allows obtaining data on the production efficiency and energy demand of the processing machine. On the basis of this information, it is possible to assess the suitability of the polymer materials used in the simulation, intended for the production of products from a specific industry, taking into account various criteria, mainly of an economic or qualitative nature.
Design and performance improvements of solar based efficient hybrid electric vehicle
Authors: Baghel Rahul , Ghritlahre Harish Kumar , Patel Ram Narayan , Sahu Ankit , Patel Ashish , Verma Mukesh Kumar
Published: October 2021

Hybrid energy in electric vehicles has been globally accepted as the fossil fuels will be exhausted by the middle or end of 21st century. The hybrid vehicles have emerged as a major source of clean and renewable energy to support the never-ending demand of vehicles. The main idea of the paper is the use of hybrid energy in working of e-rickshaw, which has become the most favorite area of research in automobile industry, recently. The proposed model is powered by lead-acid battery and this battery is charged by either using electric plug or solar panel. In the present study, hardware model has been analyzed e-rickshaw in terms of different parameters like mileage, charging and discharging time of battery, charging current, discharging current from the performance as well as security point of view. The hardware model has been developed with Photovoltaic (PV) module, capacitor bank, and Arduino circuit. Here, a modified e-rickshaw has been developed which has improved vehicle performance as compared to existing conventional e-rickshaw. The mileage has improved from 80 to 120.61 km and starting current has been reduced from 57 to 41 A on full load conditions. This has enhanced the battery life and Arduino circuit was implemented to enhance security features. The proposed model of e-rickshaw has improved vehicle performance as compared to existing conventional e-rickshaw in terms of mileage, starting current, battery life, and security feature of the vehicle.
Finden ohne Suchen: Automatische Benachrichtigungen über relevante wissenschaftliche Publikationen mit regelbasierter KI
Authors: Bense Hermann
Published: October 2021

Jeden Tag erscheint eine Flut neuer wissenschaftlichen Publikationen. Für Forscher ist es schwierig, dabei den Überblick zu behalten. Aktualität und Relevanz der Ergebnislisten von Suchmaschinen wie Google, scholar.google.com und wissenschaftlichen Suchportalen entsprechen oft nicht den Erwartungen der Forscher. Vorgestellt wird eine Methode, die als Finden ohne Suchen (FwS = finding without searching) bezeichnet wird. Diese Methode nutzt künstliche Intelligenz in Kombination mit ausdrucksstarken benutzerdefinierten Regeln für Benachrichtigungen über neue Publikationen über eine App.
Computability of finite quotients of finitely generated groups
Authors: Rauzy Emmanuel
Published: October 2021

We systematically study groups whose marked finite quotients form a recursive set.
We give several definitions, and prove basic properties of this class of groups, and in particular emphasize the link between the growth of the depth function and solvability of the word problem.
We give examples of infinitely presented groups whose finite quotients can be effectively enumerated.
Finally, our main result is that a residually finite group can fail to be recursively presented and still have computable finite quotients, and that, on the other hand, it can have solvable word problem but not have computable finite quotients.
Fiber Bragg grating-based monitoring system for fiber to the home (FTTH) passive optical network
Authors: Hammadi Yousif I.
Published: October 2021

Fiber to the home (FTTH) passive optical network is one of the cost effective and effortlessly planning systems in the current era of communication systems. However, one of the substantial limitations of this optical communication network is the monitoring operation. It is essential to locate the fault branch in the network in order to take the required action to overcome the problem. Unfortunately, since the network is all passive, it is necessary to introduce a technique that should be passive and has the capacity to locate the fault location inside the network. In this paper, a methodology to localize the fault line was introduced, where a combination of Fiber Bragg Gratings was suggested, using this approach, the fault location can be easily determined among 36-branch, distributed in eight groups. Simulation results show that the broken line can be determined through monitoring the reflected signals from all the branches in the Central Office without paying any power to locate the leakage. In other words, it is easy to recognize the fault location by monitoring the power of the reflected signals, where after comprehensive simulations and power calculations, it was possible to put a threshold for that reflected power, hence, the fault branch, for any reason, may reflect power of less than that threshold, otherwise, the branch is not considered as broken.
The designing of ocean threat comics by elementary students
Authors: Pantaleo Sylvia
Published: October 2021

A paucity of research has been conducted with learners in elementary classrooms on both the use of and the student creation of science comics. During the classroom-based research featured in this article, Grade 4 students designed ocean threat comics for the culminating activity of an interdisciplinary Ocean Literacy unit, one component of a larger study. Throughout the research, the students were afforded with opportunities to develop their visual meaning-making skills and competences, as well as their aesthetic understanding of and critical thinking about multimodal ensembles through participation in activities that focused on various elements of visual art and design, and conventions of the medium of comics. The visual and descriptive analysis of one student’s ocean threat comics, which includes excerpts from the interview about her work, reveals her motivations for selecting and orchestrating specific semiotic resources to represent and express particular meanings that realized her objectives as a sign-maker. Overall, the descriptions of the pedagogy featured during the research and the student’s ocean threat comics demonstrate how the development of student knowledge about elements of visual art and design, and conventions of the medium of comics can inform and deepen students’ semiotic work of comprehending, interpreting and designing science comics.
X-ray crystal structures of carbonate and hydroxide bridged MnII/MgII heterobimetallic complexes formed by reduction of CO2 or H2O by a Mn0–MgII bonded compound
Authors: Hicks Jamie , Juckel Martin , Jones Cameron
Published: October 2021

The previously reported Mn0–MgII bonded heterobimetallic compound [L†Mn–Mg(MesNacnac)] (L† = −N(Ar†)(SiPri
3), Ar† = C6H2{C(H)Ph2}2Pri-2,6,4; MesNacnac = [(MesNCMe)2CH]−; Mes = mesityl) forms an adduct complex, [L†Mn–Mg(THF)(MesNacnac)], when dissolved in THF. Adventitious water is shown to be reduced by [L†Mn–Mg(MesNacnac)] to give the hydroxide bridged heterobimetallic, [L†Mn(μ-OH)2Mg(MesNacnac)]. The Mn0–MgII bonded heterobimtallic reductively disproportionates CO2, affording the carbonate bridged species, [{L†Mn(μ-CO3)Mg(THF) (MesNacnac)}2], in the presence of THF. The three new compounds have been crystallographically characterized.
A mixture-density-based tandem optimization network for on-demand inverse design of thin-film high reflectors
Authors: Unni Rohit , Yao Kan , Han Xizewen , Zhou Mingyuan , Zheng Yuebing
Published: October 2021

Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a promising tool for photonic inverse design. Nevertheless, despite the initial success in retrieving spectra of modest complexity with nearly instantaneous readout, DL-assisted design methods often underperform in accuracy compared with advanced optimization techniques and have not proven competitive in handling spectra of practical usefulness. Here, we introduce a tandem optimization model that combines a mixture density network (MDN) and a fully connected (FC) network to inversely design practical thin-film high reflectors. The multimodal nature of the MDN gives access to infinite candidate designs described by probability distributions, which are iteratively sampled and evaluated by the FC network to allow for rapid optimization. We show that the proposed model can retrieve the reflectance spectra of 20-layer thin-film structures. More interestingly, it reproduces with high precision the periodic structures of high reflectors derived from physical principles, even though no such information is included in the training data. Improved designs with extended high-reflectance zones are also demonstrated. Our approach combines the high-efficiency advantage of DL with the optimization-enabled performance improvement, enabling efficient and on-demand inverse design for practical applications.
Research on vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on internet of things technology
Authors: Zhang Xiaoran , Rane Kantilal Pitambar , Kakaravada Ismail , Shabaz Mohammad
Published: October 2021

Recently, researchers are investing more fervently in fault diagnosis area of electrical machines. The users and manufacturers of these various efforts are strong to contain diagnostic features in software for improving reliability and scalability. Internet of Things (IoT) has grown immensely and contributing for the development of recent technological advancements in industries, medical and various environmental applications. It provides efficient processing power through cloud, and presents various new opportunities for industrial automation by implementing IoT and industrial wireless sensor networks. The process of regular monitoring enables early detection of machine faults and hence beneficial for Industrial automation by providing efficient process control. The performance of fault detection and its classification by implementing machine-learning algorithms highly dependent on the amount of features involved. The accuracy of classification will adversely affect by the dimensionality features increment. To address these problems, the proposed work presents the extraction of relevant features based on oriented sport vector machine (FO-SVM). The proposed algorithm is capable for extracting the most relevant feature set and hence presenting the accurate classification of faults accordingly. The extraction of most relevant features before the process of classification results in higher classification accuracy. Moreover it is observed that the lesser dimensionality of propose process consumes less time and more suitable for cloud. The experimental analysis based on the implementation of proposed approach provides and solution for the monitoring of machine condition and prediction of fault accurately based on cloud platform using industrial wireless sensor networks and IoT service.
Mechanical properties and structural health monitoring performance of carbon nanotube-modified FRP composites: A review
Authors: Li Jianbin , Zhang Zhifang , Fu Jiyang , Liang Zhihong , Ramakrishnan Karthik Ram
Published: October 2021

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are high-performance materials used extensively in aerospace and defense industries. Researchers have added various nanoscale materials to FRPs for improving their mechanical properties and to prepare multifunctional composites. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with their high strength, high modulus, and large aspect ratio have emerged as a frontrunner in the nano-reinforcements, and there is a large volume of published research on this topic. This article provides an extensive review of key publications covering topics of fabrication methods, enhancement of mechanical properties, and applications of CNT-modified FRP materials in structural health monitoring. A description of the main methods of adding CNTs into FRP materials, including dispersion in the resin and film lay-up, is presented. A key focus of the review is the effect of CNTs on the mechanical properties of FRP composites, including interlaminar fracture toughness, impact resistance, and fatigue properties. Since CNTs have self-sensing properties, there is potential to use CNTs for nondestructive identification (NDI) and structural health monitoring (SHM) of composite structures. Finally, a discussion of the problems that might be encountered during the use of CNTs as nano-reinforcements in FRP, and the future application potential of CNT-modified FRP materials is reported.
Multimodal practices for negative assessments as delicate matters: Incomplete syntax, facial expressions, and head movements
Authors: Li Xiaoting
Published: October 2021

This paper contributes to the discussion of fuzzy boundaries by investigating negative assessments of the recipient and non-present parties that are syntactically incomplete. Particularly, it explores how the speaker uses syntax and bodily visual conduct to accomplish the delicate action of negatively assessing others and to solicit the recipient to collaboratively complete negative assessments. Based on an examination of approximately 5 h of everyday Mandarin face-to-face conversations, the study shows that incomplete syntax, facial expressions, and head shakes constitute multimodal practices in making negative assessments of the recipient and a non-present third party. Leaving assessments syntactically incomplete and displaying negative evaluative stance through facial expressions such as lip-pursing and eyebrow furrows and head shakes show the speaker’s orientation to the negative assessments as a delicate action. The facial expressions after incomplete syntax demonstrate that participants orient to the hesitation in the delivery of a TCU/turn-in-progress not asproductionproblem, but rather aninteractionalproblem. This study shows that the boundaries of assessment turns may be blurry, and that one assessment may be collaboratively produced by two participants, which exemplifies a specific aspect of weak cesuras and fuzzy boundaries of units and actions in interaction.
Knocking characteristics of a high pressure direct injection natural gas engine operating in stratified combustion mode
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Yang Yubo , Jia Demin , Li Menghan
Published: October 2021

Knocking becomes an increasingly important issue in direct injection natural gas engines with the application of new combustion modes. In this article, the knocking characteristics of natural gas engine operating in stratified combustion mode were studied with the aid of cylinder pressure oscillations and combustion parameters. The results indicated that knocking tendency will be stronger when operating in stratified combustion mode. The first to the fourth circumferential modes and the first radial mode are the featured modes for knocking behavior, while knocking is more serious when the duration of 10–50% of total energy released is shorter.
Recent progress in decontamination system against chemical and biological materials: challenges and future perspectives
Authors: Bhatti Saeed Akhtar , Memon Fida Hussain , Rehman Faisal , Bhatti Zubeda , Naqvi Tehsin , Thebo Khalid Hussain
Published: October 2021

Environmental contamination is one of the key issues of developing countries in recent days, and several types of methods and technologies have been developed to overcome these issues. This paper highlights the importance of decontamination in a contaminated environment that normally precedes protection, detection and identification followed by medical support. Further, this paper especially focuses on individual and collective NBC decontamination required on navy ships and correspondingly presents solutions (viable and economical) through the use of indigenously developed decontamination equipment. The paper also highlights the integration of various decontamination technologies with pre-existing ship decontamination systems, indicating the need for various decontaminants. Finally, we will also focus on new decontamination systems based on nanomaterials and enzymes and their utilization.
ÇEVRESEL İZLEME PROGRAMI: GIDA ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MİKROBİYOLOJİK GÜVENLİĞİ DESTEKLEYEN ERKEN UYARI SİSTEMİ
Authors: ONBAŞI Elif , ÇINAR Aycan
Published: October 2021

Günümüzde, birçok ülkede gıda güvenliği sistemleri ve yasal zorunluluklar uygulanmasına rağmen gıda kaynaklı hastalık ve salgınlar milyonlarca insanı etkilemeye ve binlercesinin ölümüne sebep olmaya devam etmektedir. Gıda kaynaklı hastalıklar ayrıca büyük ölçekli geri çağırmalara, pazar talebinin azalmasına ve tüketicilerin gıda ürünlerine olan güveninin kaybolmasına neden olmaktadır. Gıda güvenliği, üretim ortamında bulunan çeşitli patojenik ve bozulmaya sebep olan mikroorganizmaların gıdaya kontaminasyonu yoluyla tehlikeye girmektedir. Mikroorganizmalar genellikle gıda ortamına hammadde, hava, su, çalışan personel ve zararlılar yoluyla girmekte ve gıda işleme ortamında hayatta kalıp çoğalabilmektedirler. Hem gıda ürünlerini hem de üretim ortamını mikrobiyolojik olarak izleme kombinasyonu, gıda güvenliğini ve kalitesini sağlamak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Çevresel izleme programı (ÇİP), bir tesisteki genel hijyen uygulamalarının ve kontrol programlarının etkinliğini değerlendirerek, gıda ürünlerinin olası mikrobiyel kontaminasyonunu önlemeyi sağlayan bir izleme programıdır. Bu derlemede ÇİP kurulum metodolojisi ve literatürde yer alan mevcut araştırma çalışmaları harmanlanarak gıda sektörü için bilimsel modeller sunulmaktadır.
Caza de vicuñas en un refugio de las Tierras Altas de la Puna meridional de Chile (26° s)
Authors: LÓPEZ MENDOZA PATRICIO , CARRASCO GONZÁLEZ CARLOS , LOYOLA MUÑOZ RODRIGO , SANTANA-SAGREDO FRANCISCA , FLORES-AQUEVEQUE VALENTINA , MALDONADO CASTRO ANTONIO , DÍAZ-JARUFE PABLO
Published: October 2021

Se presentan los resultados del análisis zooarqueológico del sitio Pedernales-1, emplazado a 3.379 m.s.n.m. en el salar de Pedernales (Región de Atacama, Chile), datado en 2.964-3.206 años cal. AP para el componente más temprano y en 539-634 años cal. AP para el más tardío. El registro faunístico se compone principalmente por restos de vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) complementado con escasos restos de Lama sp., roedores, aves y carnívoros. De acuer- do con una serie de expectativas para sitios de altura, el registro es propio de bases residenciales ocupadas estivalmente, aunque también, se asocian a un tipo de paisaje configurado para la caza de vicuñas complejizando los modelos de caza, procesamiento, consumo y descarte de presas en base a una serie de escenarios discutidos en este y otros trabajos.
medieval fisheries of Galicia (Northwestern Iberia): A preliminary archaeozoological overview
Authors: ROSELLÓ-IZQUIERDO EUFRASIA , GONZÁLEZ-GÓMEZ DE AGÜERO EDUARDO , FERNÁNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ CARLOS , LLORENTE-RODRÍGUEZ LAURA , MORALES-MUÑIZ ARTURO
Published: October 2021

The origin and development of the Iberian Medieval fisheries is a poorly documented phenomenon both from the standpoint of historical (documentary) and material (archaeological) evidence. Such dearth of knowledge can be explained in terms of proximal (i.e., a deficient retrieval of fish remains) and ultimate causes. Among the latter, the Muslim invasion, that lasted ca. 800 years of the “medieval millennium” in the Iberian Peninsula, needs to be taken into account as it probably delayed the development of fishing fleets within the Christian kingdoms for a substantial period of time. Be it as it may, the lack of knowledge does not allow one to explore a range of critical issues of Spanish and Portuguese history, such as the role played by the ever-expanding fishing fleets of Portugal and Castilla in the process of maritime discovery and colonization that these two kingdoms fostered by the end of the Middle Ages. In this paper, the results from a comparative analysis of selected fish assemblages from primary (i.e. coastal) deposits of the northern Iberian shores are presented. The aim is to check whether changes can be documented both at the level of (1) the range of species occurring in sites from the late Iron Age (Castreña culture, IV-I BC) to the Late Middle Ages (XV AD), and (2) the skeletal spectra of certain species that could reveal a differential processing of taxa meant for local consumption and those that appear in inland sites.
faunal assemblage from the manufacturing district at Spolverino: from the Roman Imperial period to Late Antiquity
Authors: ANICETI VERONICA , ALBARELLA UMBERTO , SEBASTIANI ALESSANDRO
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a zooarchaeological analysis from the site of Spolverino (southern Tuscany, Italy). Archaeological excavations have uncovered a complex stratigraphy dated from the Roman Imperial period to Late Antiquity (late 1st- early 6th centuries AD). The industrial function of the site in Imperial times is partially reflected in the nature of the faunal assemblage. In Late Antiquity, Spolverino lost its original manufacturing functions, as many of the workshops were abandoned; our evidence, however, suggests that some livestock was kept, probably managed by a restricted group of people still living in that area. Some hunting was practiced throughout the occupation but it increased in the later periods. Remarkable, in Late Antiquity, is the occurrence of the fallow deer, an introduced species, rare in Roman contexts.
Review of Sorina Chiper’s Book “Discourse Studies In Practice”
Authors: Linkevičiūtė Vilma
Published: October 2021

The book “Discourse Studies In Practice” is a compilation of articles on discourse, written by S. Chiper over fifteen years and published in Romania and abroad. The research of different topics has been done in the methodological framework of critical discourse analysis (CDA). This book aims at discourse researchers and students, and anyone interested in discourse and intercultural studies.
FLUORITE INLAID BY BASNÄSITE FROM SYENITES OF THE VELYKOVYSKA MASSIF (UKRAINIAN SHIELD) AS EVIDENCE OF THE EXISTENCE OF A CARBONATE-FLUORIDE MELT
Authors: Kulchytska H.O. , Vyshnevskyi O.A. , Belskyi V.M. , Kryvdik S.G.
Published: October 2021

A millimeter-sized fluorite crystal found in leucocratic syenite of the Velykovyska massif on the Ukrainian Shield became the object of study. This is a crystal of irregular shape with smoothed corners, broken by a system of contraction cracks inlaid with basnäsite-(Ce). The latter is characterized by a REE content of 57± 5 wt. %, CaO - of 3.3 ± 0.25 wt. % and Ce2O3 : La2O3 : Nd2O3 ratio of 6 : 4 : 1. A detailed study using microprobe JXA-733 and an electron microscope JSM-6700F, equipped with EDS JED-2300, showed the presence of other mineral phases in the inlays. The middle of the cracks is filled with ferrous aluminosilicate without REE. On the opposite side, a siderite rim was found around the basnäsite and single crystals of calcite were found nearby in the fluorite. Fluorite inlaid with basnäsite is considered as a product of crystallization of the carbonate-fluoride melt drop that separated from silicate melt due to their immiscibility. Subsequent stratification of the melt inside the drop led to formation of fluorite rimmed by carbonates of REE and Fe and displaced to the cracks of Fe-aluminosilicate. Crystallization of the separated carbonate-fluoride melt took place in an isolated volume without any exchange of components with the surrounding Na-K-feldspar. Fluorite, as well as carbonates and mica are less common in the Velykovyska massif than other similar syenite massifs on the Ukrainian Shield. It is assumed that this is caused by the high temperature of the syenite melt, which contributed to evaporation of volatile components (F2, CO2, H2O), and by processes of liquation. The immiscibility between salt and silicate melts contributed to formation of drops of carbonate-fluoride melt and their movement to the apical parts of the massif and outside. The discovery of inlaid fluorite increases the prospects of the Velykovyska massif for the detection of REE ore occurrences in syenites and surrounding rocks. In addition, the finding confirms the existence of carbonate-fluoride melts in nature. These melts are paternal for fluorite-carbonate veins with REE mineralization.
Labour Mobilization of the Collective Farm Peasantry Temnikovsky District of the Mordovian ASSR in the Post-War Period
Authors: Pershin Sergey V. , Yekaterinin Evgeny D. , Lavrushkina Alina O.
Published: October 2021

Introduction and Methods. In the post-war period, the mobilization of the collective farm village and the strengthening of control over the workers began to be considered again as one of the main means of raising agriculture. The authors of the article have undertaken research on the problem of organizational and economic strengthening of collective farms in the second half of the 40s – early 50s of the XX century by analyzing the specifics of the implementation of the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) of September 19, 1946 “On measures to eliminate violations of the Charter of the agricultural artel in collective farms”. The source base of the study was archival materials on the Temnikovsky district of the Mordovian ASSR. During the research, the following methods were used: comparative-historical, problem-chronological, system analysis and structural. Results and Discussion. Having received a directive from the center, responsible employees urgently began to identify violations noted in the resolution of the party and the government in the collective farms of the Temnikovsky district. Already in the autumn of 1946 as a result of the audit of the land fund, a lot of violations of the “Charter” were revealed, which consisted in unauthorized cutting of arable land to personal farms, as well as in the use of hayfields and pastures. More significant areas of land were illegally withdrawn from collective farm turnover by various institutions and organizations. The audits also revealed fictitious sections of households in order to acquire additional areas of household plots and vegetable gardens, increase the number of livestock and poultry. The reports prepared by officials based on the results of the inspections carried out indicate that the payment system, introduced even in wartime conditions, began to fail without the systematic use of repressive measures. Another characteristic feature of the development of the village in the late 1940s–early 1950s was the numerous violations of the principles of “collective farm democracy”. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the stages of implementation of the resolution of September 19, 1946, the nature and effectiveness of the event were determined.
Gyorsreagálás a pandémiára, ellátásbiztonság
Authors: Greiner István
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. A tavalyi évben kitört COVID–19 pandémia jelentős
kihívások elé állította a világot. Nem pusztán a kormányok és az egészségügyi
rendszerek szembesültek új, békeidőben eddig még nem gyakorolt feladatokkal, de
a tudományos világnak is át kellett tekinteni mind a régi, mind a legmodernebb
eszközöket ahhoz, hogy a vírus terjedésének, a betegek szenvedéseinek, a tömeges
halálozásoknak végre véget lehessen vetni. Habár a járványnak még messze nincsen
vége, és egyre újabb és újabb mutánsok ütik fel a fejüket a világ legkülönbözőbb
részein, mégis azokat a tanulságokat, melyek már összegyűltek a gyógyszeripar
területén, érdemes összefoglalni. Talán még ennél is fontosabb azonban, hogy
azokat a hiányokat, amelyeket még be kell pótolni, szintén megemlítsük, hogy
ezzel is segítsük az újabb hullámok vagy járványok leküzdését.

Summary. During the last 12 months the most serious issue was the
SARS-CoV-2 virus generated pandemia around the world. There is no country which
could be more or less intact and a huge amount of resources was sacrificed to
rescue people from the fatal outcome of this disease. When it started a year ago
or more, there were doubts about its future but later it was realised that this
is an epidemic occurring worldwide, crossing international boundaries, and
affecting a large number of people. According to the WHO, today the number of
confirmed cases is about 157.8 million, confirmed deaths are 3.3 million and 1.2
billion vaccine doses have been administered. These numbers clearly show how
important it is to elaborate the reaction of the pharma industry and investigate
how to ensure safe drug supply for patients in every country. The topics
discussed below are the basic and unique features of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the
pandemia generated by it, and the role of the Hungarian pharma industry,
especially Gedeon Richter plc, during this critical period. On one hand the
author explains how the spread of virus can be decreased in general and at a
production facility like Richter, and on the other hand R&D activity of the
Company aiming to cure patients suffering from COVID-19 infection. Consortia
including universities, academia and industrial entities made a substantial
impact on handling this terrible epidemic. Gedeon Richter plc, the biggest and
only independent Hungarian pharma company, in keeping with its roots started
small molecule R&D to make favipiravir and remdesivir available to clinics.
The latter production is a very difficult one but using its background in
chemistry Richter was able to manage all R&D and industrial scale up
activities in six months. Moreover, it has filed two patent applications about
its new, more feasible and economical process steps justifying its innovative
attitude. As a final conclusion it is stated that for the safe supply of
necessary medication one critical step is missing from the capabilities of the
Hungarian pharma industry, the vaccine R&D and production.
On Zero Determinant Matrices that are Full
Authors: Călugăreanu Grigore , Pop Horia F.
Published: October 2021

Column-row products have zero determinant over any commutative ring. In this paper we discuss the converse. For domains, we show that this yields a characterization of pre-Schreier rings, and for rings with zero divisors we show that reduced pre-Schreier rings have this property.

Finally, for the rings of integers modulo n, we determine the 2x2 matrices which are (or not) full and their numbers.
Jobb kamrai adaptáció pulmonalis artériás hypertoniában
Authors: Csósza Györgyi , Lázár Zsófia , Rozgonyi Zsolt , Vágó Hajnalka , Losonczy György , Müller Veronika , Karlócai Kristóf
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. Pulmonalis artériás hypertoniában (PAH) a tüdőartériák
falának átépülése az elsődleges patofiziológiai eltérés, amely a pulmonalis
vascularis rezisztencia (PVR) és a pulmonalis nyomás progresszív emelkedéséhez
vezet. Ez a nyomásemelkedés a jobb szívfélben az afterload fokozódásához vezet,
ami hosszú távon jobbkamra-diszfunkciót és jobbszívfél-elégtelenséget okoz. Az
egyre növekvő PVR mellett kialakuló cardialis adaptáció pontos patomechanizmusa
nem ismert, de egyes betegek esetén nagyon eltérő lehet az adaptáció mértéke és
kialakulásának üteme. A kialakuló myocardium-hypertrophia és -dilatáció mértéke
nagyban függ a PAH etiológiájától, de emellett egyéb tényezők – mint az életkor,
a neurohumoralis aktiváció mértéke, genetikai és epigenetikai faktorok – is
jelentősen befolyásolják. Minél kevésbé képes a jobb kamra megtartani funkcióját
az egyre növekvő ellenállással szemben, annál gyorsabban alakul ki a
jobbszívfél-elégtelenség, és annál rosszabbak a beteg életkilátásai. Ezen
folyamatok jobb megismerése klinikai jelentőséggel bír, mivel a jobb kamrai
adaptáció elősegítése javíthatja a betegség kimenetelét. Orv Hetil. 2021;
162(37): 1485–1493.

Summary. Remodeling of the pulmonary artery wall is the primary
pathophysiological abnormality in pulmonary arterial hypertension leading to a
progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary
arterial pressure. The elevation of pressure increases the afterload in the
right heart, causing right ventricular dysfunction and right heart failure in
the long term. The exact pathomechanism of cardiac adaptation with increasing
PVR is unknown, but the degree and rate of adaptation may be very different in
patients suffering from pulmonary hypertension. The development of myocardial
hypertrophy and dilatation is highly dependent on the etiology of pulmonary
hypertension, but is also significantly influenced by other factors such as age,
degree of neurohumoral activation, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Right
heart failure develops and life expectancy shortens if the right ventricle is
unable to maintain its function in the face of increasing resistance. Orv Hetil.
2021; 162(37): 1485–1493.
KEGIATAN PENYULUHAN PERIKANAN DI KECAMATAN GEBANG KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Mustaqim Nurhadi Ali , Nuraini Yenni
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK Kecamatan Gebang merupakan salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Cirebon yang memiliki potensi perikanan yang cukup tinggi. Hal tersebut di dukung oleh sumber daya alam yang sangat mendukung kegiatan perikanan dengan adanya pesisir laut pantura menjadikan kecamatan ini sebagai lokasi agrowisata dan agribisnis perikanan. Besarnya potensi perikanan di daerah ini menjadikan penyuluhan tentang perikanan menjadi salah satu aspek penting yang dapat menunjang peningkatan pemberdayaan potensi perikanan seperti kelompok budidaya garam, kelompok nelayan, kelompok pembudidaya ikan di Kecamatan Gebang Kabupaten Cirebon. Penyuluhan perikanan memiliki peran strategis dalam pembangunan kelautan dan perikanan yang berkelanjutan, sebagai sistem pendidikan non formal berperan dalam transformasi perilaku pelaku utama dan pelaku usaha dalam pengembangan usaha kelautan dan perikanan yang lebih baik. Kegiatan penelitian yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Gebang antara lain perencanaan, pelaksanaan (aksi penyuluhan), dan evaluasi. Kegiatan perencanaan meliputi pengumpulan data potensi perikanan dan penyusunan program kerja yang akan dilakukan. Pelaksanaan (aksi penyuluhan) yang dilakukan meliputi pertemuan kelompok, kunjungan kelompok, pendataan kartu kusuka, pendampingan program bantuan dari dinas, dan demonstrasi cara pengolahan hasil perikanan. Kegiatan evaluasi dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan aksi penyuluhan, aspek yang dinilai meliputi aspek sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan dengan instrument evaluasi berupa kuisioner. Kata kunci: Penyuluhan perikanan, Kegiatan penyuluhan
PERFORMANSI KINERJA PRODUKSI NENER BANDENG DI PT ESAPUTLII PRAKARSA UTAMA, KABUPATEN BARRU, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Ramadhani Hesti , Rahardjo Sinung , Soebjakto Slamet
Published: October 2021

Kebutuhan benih ikan bandeng berkualitas meningkat pesat di Indoensia, namun ketersediaannya terbatas dan tidak mencukupi kebutuhan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan perbaikan melalui teknologi budidaya dalam usaha pembenihan untuk menjamin kesinambungan dan kualitas nener bandeng. Pengamatan ini dilaksanakan di PT Esaputlii Prakarsa Utama (PT EPU) pada tanggal 4 Maret sampai dengan 31 Mei 2019. Tujuan pengamatan adalah mengevaluasi aspek teknis dan performansi kinerja produksi nener bandeng. Metode observasi dan wawancara digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data primer maupun sekunder. Aspek teknis dan performansi kinerja produksi nener bandeng di PT EPU sudah baik dan sesuai standar yang berlaku yaitu rata-rata produktivitas 16.410.357 ekor/bulan, FR 93,26%, HR 89,25%, dan SR 56,97%.
Nutrient Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Ulva prolifera O. F. Müller
Authors: Arguelles Eldrin De Los Reyes , B. Sapin Arsenia
Published: October 2021

Seaweeds are marine organisms capable of producing diverse kinds of chemical compounds with promising pharmacological use. The study evaluated the proximate and elemental composition and the potential antioxidant (using CUPRAC, ABTS+, and DPPH assays) and antibacterial activities (using microtiter plate dilution assay) of Ulva prolifera O. F. Müller. The seaweed has a total phenolic content of 829 ± 2.00 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant efficiency of U. prolifera exerted high ability of reducing copper ions, potent ABTS+ and DPPH scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 value of 24.7 mg GAE/mL, 43.52 mg GAE/mL, and 54.1 mg GAE/mL, respectively, more effective than ascorbic acid. In vitro antibacterial activity assay showed that U. prolifera exhibited inhibitory activity against bacterial pathogens such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 125 mg/mL), S. epidermidis (MIC = 125 mg/mL), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (MIC = 500 mg/mL). This investigation is the first documented report regarding antibacterial activity of U. prolifera against P. fluorescens. In addition, results showed elemental composition to be in decreasing order of Ca K Mg Na Mn Fe Zn Cu Pb Cd Cr. Proximate composition of U. prolifera showed high carbohydrate and protein content with a percentage composition of 36.20 ± 0.27% and 23.72 ± 0.31% (dry weight), respectively. This study is the first report in the Philippines that shows the potential of U. prolifera as an excellent candidate organism as source of chemical compounds with relevant application to the pharmacological industry.