bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La libertad como precondición del desarrollo económico
Authors: Fazzini Mauro
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo nos proponemos realizar un extenso recorrido historiográfico con vistas a dar cuenta de la visión tradicional relativa al desempeño económico de las corporaciones de artesanos, desde Adam Smith hasta la teoría de la protoindustrialización. Buscaremos dar cuenta de la evolución de la tesis según la cual estas instituciones suponen un obstáculo para el desarrollo económico, en oposición al espacio rural donde la libertad, entendida como ausencia de regulación, resulta condición suficiente para el florecimiento de la actividad comercial e industrial que conduce a procesos acumulativos.
“La escasez se convierte en hambruna”
Authors: Nueda Lozano Alba
Published: October 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo examinar el panorama de la investigación histórica en España en el contexto de los estudios sobre la escasez y el abastecimiento durante la Guerra Civil, dentro del marco más amplio de la investigación sobre hambrunas y mercados negros en la primera mitad del siglo. A pesar de la extensa investigación sobre la Guerra Civil, se hace evidente una brecha historiográfica en relación con el análisis de la vida cotidiana durante la guerra, especialmente en las zonas de retaguardia. Partiendo de una visión global de la historiografía de la vida cotidiana y el abastecimiento, explora los caminos seguidos por la Historia Social de la guerra. Concluye con una propuesta de investigación que ofrece nuevas perspectivas, conectando con el discurso internacional sobre políticas de abastecimiento, resistencia cotidiana y redefiniendo el concepto de la hambruna española.
The role of women during the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Orduña Prada Mónica , Moreno-Delgado Alicia
Published: October 2024

This study explores the multifaceted roles of women during the Spanish Civil War, examining the diverse perspectives delineated in academic literature. Leveraging scholarly articles sourced from Web of Science and Scopus spanning from 2013 to 2022, we analyse temporal trends, author demographics, scholarly impact, journal prominence, and thematic content. Our investigation culminates in the classification of contributions into six overarching themes: humanitarian aid and healthcare, biographical narratives, communication dynamics, experiences of exile and refugee communities, women’s mobilisation and ideological engagement, and the harrowing realities of repression and violence inflicted upon women. Furthermore, our findings reveal that research predominantly originates from Spain and is disseminated through Spanish-language journals. However, there exists a notable interconnection with the United States, evidenced by the participation of prominent North American authors and publication in non-Spanish journals. This research offers insights into the multifaceted roles of women during the Spanish Civil War and their academic representation.
La producción historiográfica en Colombia en torno a la revolución y las independencias en las dos últimas décadas (2004-2024)
Authors: Ortega Francisco A.
Published: October 2024

Colombia ha vivido, en la última década, dos ciclos conmemorativos en torno a la independencia (1810-2010; 1819-21-2019-21). La producción historiográfica sobre la Independencia y la revolución en Colombia ha pasado por un importante proceso de renovación, haciendo el salto desde la historia económica y social –que no tenía las herramientas para percibir y explicar la importancia de las vastas transformaciones políticas y culturales del periodo– a un abordaje más amplio en el que aparecen distintas estrategias novedosas que han replanteado nuestra comprensión del periodo.
Desarrollo económico con oferta ilimitada de mano de obra
Authors: Lewis W. Arthur
Published: October 2024

Este artículo retoma el esquema clásico respecto a los problemas de distribución, acumulación y crecimiento, primero en una economía cerrada, después en una abierta. Busca actualizar tal teoría a la luz del conocimiento moderno y ver hasta qué punto puede ayudar a comprender los problemas contemporáneos en distintos territorios geográficos del mundo, en particular respecto a los niveles de salarios de subsistencia en un escenario de oferta ilimitada de mano de obra.
Microunidades, ejército industrial de reserva y producción mercantil simple
Authors: Salas Carlos , Quintana Luis , Villagra Alberto
Published: October 2024

Este artículo discute una reinterpretación del papel que desempeñan las microunidades (esto es, el conjunto de trabajadores por cuenta propia, los trabajadores familiares no remunerados y los trabajadores asalariados en unidades de menos de cinco trabajadores) en el capitalismo contemporáneo, mediante el uso combinado de las nociones de “ejército industrial de reserva” y de “modo de producción mercantil simple”. Se utilizan estadísticas de México para mostrar que existen flujos entre este sector, las unidades medianas y grandes, el desempleo y la inactividad, de manera que se verifica su intersección con el ejército industrial de reserva.
Pengaruh Teknik Penanakan Beras Terhadap Evaluasi Sensori dan Tingkat Kepulenan Nasi Dari Beras Analog Berbahan Baku Tepung Sorgum, Mocaf, Glukomanan, dan Kelor
Authors: Sailendra Nova Veronika , Aji Arif Sabta , Saloko Satrijo , Aprilia Veriani , Djidin Radhiyya Tsabitah S. , Rahmawati Sri , Khoirunnisah Frisqi Meilany
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Pemasakan nasi merupakan proses pengolahan beras menjadi nasi dengan beberapa tahapan pemasakan menggunakan metode teknik penanakan seperti rice cooker dan kukusan. Inovasi beras analog ini dibuat untuk dapat meningkatkan nilai gizi dan keanekaragaman makanan yang bersifat pangan fungsional.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik penanakan beras terhadap uji sensori (warna, tekstur, aroma, keseluruhan) dan tingkat kepulenan anatara nasi dari beras analog dan beras padi merk C4.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pada beras analog hasil dari perlakuan terbaik penelitian sebelumnya (P2) dengan komposisi tambahan tepung kelor sebanyak 2 gram. Teknik penanakan yaitu rice cooker dan kukusandilakukan terhadap kelompok nasi dari beras analog dan beras padi C4 sebagai pembanding. Sebanyak 25 panelis agak terlatih dipilih untuk melihat uji sensori dan tingkat kepulenan produk tersebut. Data statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Mann Whitney menggunakan SPSS versi 23.0.
Hasil: Terdapat pengaruh teknik penanakan beras analog menggunakan rice cooker dan kukusan terhadap uji sensori (warna (p=0,004), tekstur (p=0,002), dan keseluruhan (p=0,006)) dan tingkat kepulenan nasi beras analog (p=0,004). Namun, tidak ada pengaruh antara teknik penanakan pada uji sensori rasa (p=0,396) dan aroma (p=0,058). Tidak ditemukan perbedaan uji sensori untuk warna (p=0,607), tekstur (p=0,578), keseluruhan (p=0,701), rasa (p=0,482), aroma (p=0,216) dan tingkat kepulenan (p=0,891) pada nasi dari beras padi C4.
Kesimpulan: Teknik penanakan kukusan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kesukaan dan tingkat kepulenan nasi beras analog. Pemasakan beras analog dengan metode kukusan sangat dianjurkan supaya meningkatkan daya terima konsumen.
Analisa Faktor Ibu dengan Kejadian Bayi BBLR di Puskesmas Situbondo: Studi Data Register Kohort Tahun 2020
Authors: Widowati Nurihza , Ningtyias Farida Wahyu , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang: Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) terutama pada masa perinatal disebabkan oleh kondisi bayi dengan Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR). Kondisi gizi dan kesehatan ibu hamil memiliki peran yang penting dalam menentukan status gizi bayi mulai saat masa kehamilan. Faktor maternal merupakan salah satu penyebab BBLR pada bayi.
Tujuan:  Menganalisis faktor ibu (paritas, kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) ibu saat hamil, usia ibu saat hamil, status gizi ibu saat hamil (kekurangan energi kronis = KEK) dan jarak antar kehamilan yang menyebabkan kejadian bayi BBLR di Puskesmas Situbondo Tahun 2020.
Metode: Metode case control digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan memanfaatkan data register kohort pada puskesmas Situbondo.  Pada Bulan Maret 2022, data dikumpulkan dari 82 ibu meliputi 41 ibu bayi dengan kondisi BBLR sebagai kelompok kasus dan 41 ibu kelompok kontrol yaitu ibu dengan bayi tidak BBLR.  Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square.
Hasil: Kadar Hemoglobin saat kehamilan berhubungan dengan kejadian bayi BBLR (p=0,026; OR=3,088; 95%; CI=1,240-7,692). Namun, variabel paritas, usia ibu saat hamil, status KEK ibu, dan jarak kehamilan tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian bayi BBLR.
Kesimpulan: Kadar Hb rendah pada ibu hamil berisiko lebih tinggi untuk melahirkan bayi BBLR. Dianjurkan pemeriksaan kehamilan dilakukan secara minimal 6 kali kunjungan ke layanan kesehatan dan disarankan untuk konsumsi tablet tambah darah secara teratur, mengonsumsi makanan yang sehat dan tidak percaya mitos yang merugikan kesehatan ibu hamil.
Pengaruh Determinan Tidak Langsung Stunting dengan Kejadian Stunting Balita di Papua New Guinea Tahun 2018
Authors: Khoiriyah Riza , Mahmudiono Trias , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Papua New Guinea memiliki prevalensi stunting tinggi mencapai 46,5% di tahun 2018.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor yang melekat pada anak (jenis kelamin, umur, dan kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan) dan faktor lingkungan rumah tangga yaitu pendidikan ibu balita, jumlah balita, sumber air minum dan jamban terhadap kejadian stunting di Papua New Guinea Tahun 2018.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional pada data sekunder “The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) di Papua New Guinea tahun 2018”. Dari 2.337 data balita, dilakukan proses ekstraksi dan cleaning data terhadap variabel diteliti, sehingga didapatkan 744 data balita siap dianalisis. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi square dan regresi logistik.
Hasil: Penelitian menemukan bahwa status ibu balita tidak pernah sekolah (p-value=0,012; OR=1,488; 95% CI [1,092; 2,028] dan kelompok umur balita 24-59 bulan (p-value=0,000; OR=1,770; 95% CI [1,301; 2,408]) lebih berisiko memiliki/mengalami kejadian stunting balita.
Kesimpulan: Penanganan stunting pada balita umur 24-59 bulan adalah fokus memberikan intervensi spesifik dan sensitif terutama intervensi pentingnya investasi pendidikan ibu balita di Papua New Guinea. Namun untuk pencegahan lebih dipentingkan intervensi tersebut diberikan sebelum balita berumur 24-59 bulan karena stunting merupakan manifestasi kekurangan gizi kronis.
The Potential Benefits and Mechanism of Action of Tropical Nuts Against Metabolic Syndrome: A Literature Review
Authors: Setyawati Amalia Rani , Anjani Gemala , Mahati Endang
Published: October 2024

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a significant risk factor for both type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, with a high prevalence in Asia Pacific, particularly in Indonesia. To reduce its prevalence, several studies have recommended the use of tropical nuts, which can be developed as functional foods and complementary treatment. In this context, the bioactivities of tropical nuts can largely be attributed to their rich content of monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, minerals, vitamins, phytosterols, and polyphenols.
Objectives: This literature review aims to evaluate the potential benefits and mechanism of action of tropical nuts against metabolic syndrome.
Methods: The study design was a literature review of several articles from 3 online databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.
Discussions: The results showed that tropical nuts (peanut, sacha inchi, cashew, tropical almond, and Brazil nut) had several biologically active components, such as arginine, fiber, fatty acid, mineral, vitamin, phenolic compounds, resveratrol, and phytosterol. The test samples were reported to have the ability to modulate Nrf2, SOD, MDA, GSH, GPx, and CAT due to their antioxidant activity. In inflammation, tropical nuts had a significant effect on NF-κB, NLRP3, TNF-ɑ, IL-8, IL-1ꞵ, IL-6, and IL-10. The results also showed their ability to enhance lipid synthesis, nitric oxide production, advanced glycation end-product, prostaglandin, SIRT3, homocysteine, protein kinase C, adhesion molecules, platelet aggregation, GLP-1, PYY, AGRP, PPARɑ/ꞵ/δ, GLUT4, and insulin receptor.
Conclusions: Tropical nuts had beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome due to their bioactivities, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-dyslipidemia, and cardioprotective.
DATA INVESTIGATION OF PK-LQP AIRPLANE VERTICAL DEVIATION USING CLASS 1 AND TIER 1 DATASETS
Authors: PASSARELLA Rossi , NURMAINI Siti , RACHMATULLAH Muhammad Naufal , VENY Harumi , UBAYA Huda , FIRDAUS Firdaus
Published: October 2024

The vertical deviation is one of the important stages in commercial aircraft flights because indications of malfunction can be detected faster by the pilot rather than in other flight phases. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the PK-LQP airplane experienced unusual altitude movements during the vertical deviation phase since the airplane taking off from Seattle (Boeing Manufacture's home base) until the airplane crash. The airplane, which is of the type B737 MAX8, had operated for 83 days, during which it completed 438 flights using a total of 107 flight codes, and it travelled to 36 airports. According to the findings of an investigation of the data, we found that only 69 (39%) were included in tier 1, which had an ADS-B data update interval message below 10 seconds, complying with ICAO and FAA-AVN standards. With this class 1 and tier 1 dataset, we conducted an EDA to find the data insight, which revealed that there was a disturbance in the speed and altitude indications on the airplane instrumentation, causing a misperception for the pilot and causing the airplane to drastically drop in altitude (more than 100 feet).
La regulación del espacio público en el planeamiento reciente
Authors:   , Hernández Aja Agustín
Published: October 2024

La Tesis del arquitecto Agustín Hernández Aja dirigida por Ramón López de Lucio, leída en 1992 en la ETSAM, se centra en un análisis disciplinar de los métodos e instrumentos aplicados o aplicables desde el planeamiento urbanístico en la definición y consecución de la calidad del " espacio público".
En ella se busca delimitar la capacidad del Planeamiento y en particular de las Normas Urbanísticas, para definir y controlar la calidad urbana. Para ello se realiza un triple análisis documental:
1.El estudio de ocho tejidos urbanos característicos, que van desde el Ensanche de Castro para Madrid a la Ciudad Lineal de Arturo Soria, incluyendo tejidos reales o nuevas propuestas como la actuación de Valdebernardo, tejidos todos ellos que poseen la característica común de referencia cultural y formal que se utiliza ampliamente en las discusiones y proyectos urbanísticos.
2.El análisis de las Normas Urbanísticas de seis Planes Generales españoles recientes redactados en la década de los ochenta y la mayoría de ellos Premio Nacional de Urbanismo: La Coruña, Gijón, Madrid, Málaga, Mollet del Vallés, Tarragona y Valladolid.
3.Para terminar con el análisis exhaustivo de la Normativa del Plan General de Madrid, haciendo especial hincapié en el análisis de las condiciones particulares de las zonas en suelo urbano.
ECONOMIC VALUE OF CRITICAL LAND IN SEMPAYANG VILLAGE, NORTH KALIMANTAN
Authors: Pratiwi Sulistya Rini , Nainggola Yohanna Thresia , Rahmawati Meylin
Published: October 2024

This research aims to identify the locations of vulnerable critical land areas and assess the economic value of mitigating agricultural land in critical conditions within Sempayang Village, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. The study employs Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze land distribution and the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to estimate the economic value. A purposive sampling method was used to select 51 respondents from local farmers, with a focus on their willingness to pay for land rehabilitation. The results of this research are the largest critical land area was found in Malinau District, covering 54,108 hectares. Farmers showed a willingness to pay between Rp. 26,000 and Rp. 30,000 for land rehabilitation efforts, with a total economic value of Rp. 45,360,000 annually for non-critical land. The study underscores the importance of community and government collaboration for effective land restoration programs.
THE IMPACT OF LAND, SEA, AND AIR TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN G7 COUNTRIES
Authors: Febriyanto Aryo Dwi , Sasana Hadi , Prakoso Jalu Aji , Satriagasa Muhammad Chrisna
Published: October 2024

This research analyzes the influence of road length, rail length, containers traffic, air freight, GFCF, and labor force on economic growth. This study uses quantitative methods with G7 countries as research objects during 2010-2021. Panel data consisting of 84 observations was analyzed with the help of Eviews12 software. The statistical analysis used in this research is the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method, with the Fixed Effect Model chosen as the best model for interpreting the research results. The findings show that the road length, container traffic, air freight, GFCF, and the labor force have a positive and significant influence. Meanwhile, only the rail length does not have a significant effect on economic growth. Based on the results of this research, the theoretical implication of this research is the development of transportation infrastructure, especially road length, containers, air freight, GFCF, and labor force can increase economic growth in a country. So countries must consider spending on developing transportation infrastructure. Meanwhile, practically, this research can be used as study material in considering infrastructure development because the negative impact caused by errors in infrastructure development can be a waste of budget.
THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN DISTRICTS / CITIES OF RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Aswanto Aswanto , Arif Emkhad , Suleman Hsb Mhd
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to see the data and then analyze how big the role of education is with its indicator Average Length of Schooling (RLS) in improving human development with its indicator Human Development Index (HDI) in the Districts/City of Riau Province. By using data sourced from the BPS of Riau Province, namely Secondary data. And using a descriptive analysis method then strengthened by simple regression testing using panel data, using the Eviews 13 Statistics application. So based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the role of Education plays a very important role in Human Development in the Districts/City of Riau Province. Proven in partial testing, education (RLS) has a positive and significant influence on human development (HDI) which is indicated by a Prob value of 0.0000 which is less than 0.05. Meanwhile, the magnitude of the influence can be seen from the value of the calculation results obtained by the Determination Coefficient (Adjusted R2) in this study, which is 93.97%. Of course, in this study there are still limitations in problems that are not discussed thoroughly. However, the results of this study can be a reference in government policy to increase the role of education in human development in Riau Province.
CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: DOES DATA SUPPORT “GREASE THE WHEELS” OR “SAND THE WHEELS”?
Authors: Ajayi Felix Odunayo , Oyelade Aduralere Opeyemi , Olanrewaju Gideon Olugbenga
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the relationship between corruption and economic growth in Nigeria using data from 1996 to 2020. The research employed the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method and Granger causality tests. The FMOLS results indicated that both gross fixed capital formation and urbanization significantly and positively influence economic growth in Nigeria, whereas the corruption index has a negative and significant effect, aligning with the "sand the wheels" theory. The Granger causality analysis showed a unidirectional relationship, where gross fixed capital formation Granger-causes GDP growth rate, and GDP growth rate Granger-causes both the corruption index and the relative corruption ranking in Nigeria. Based on these results, the study recommends that policymakers prioritise transparency and good governance by implementing e-governance initiatives to reduce bureaucratic hurdles and opportunities for corruption. Furthermore, there should be consistent monitoring and thorough evaluation of the impact of anti-corruption strategies on economic growth and development to ensure their effectiveness.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Komik Menggunakan Liveworksheets dengan Pendekatan Kontekstual pada Materi Aljabar Kelas VII SMP
Authors: Karimah Nabilah Nurul , Wijayanti Dwi Antari , Aziz Tian Abdul
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses mengembangkan E-LKPD berbasis komik menggunakan liveworksheets dengan pendekatan kontekstual pada materi aljabar kelas VII SMP yang layak digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Konsep model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap, yaitu tahap analisis (analyze), tahap perancangan (design), tahap pengembangan (development), tahap implementasi (implementation), dan tahap evaluasi (evaluation). Subjek uji coba lapangan adalah siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Cikarang Pusat. Kelayakan produk dinilai berdasarkan hasil penilaian oleh validasi ahli media, ahli materi dan bahasa, serta respon siswa dan guru terhadap uji coba penggunaan produk yang dikembangkan. Berdasarkan hasil validasi oleh ahli materi dan bahasa diperoleh persentase sebesar 88% dan validasi ahli media memperoleh hasil yang sama sebesar 88%. Penilaian evaluasi uji coba dalam kelompok kecil dan uji coba kelompok besar memperoleh persentase rata-rata masing-masing sebesar 88% dan 91%. Berdasarkan penilaian tersebut diperoleh persentase rata-rata secara keseluruhan sebesar 89% yang apabila diinterpretasikan memperoleh kategori sangat layak. Sehingga dapat dikatakan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan sangat layak untuk digunakan dan dimanfaatkan untuk siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Cikarang Pusat dalam mempelajari materi aljabar.
Nutrição e Inclusão
Authors:   Diretor da Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição, Borges Nuno
Published: October 2024

Realizou-se no passado mês de maio o XXIII Congresso de Nutrição e Alimentação, da Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição. Sob o tema “Nutrição: uma ciência para a inclusão”, procurou-se precisamente focar o papel da Nutrição como fator central para uma sociedade mais inclusiva. Não obstante as últimas décadas terem testemunhado uma redução muito significativa da pobreza global e dos malefícios a ela associados, continuam a verificar-se situações de exclusão em muitas franjas da população, cujo impacte na alimentação e nutrição constitui um dos principais determinantes da sua saúde presente e futura. As diversas comunicações feitas no referido congresso refletem os variadíssimos pontos de contacto entre esta Ciência e a capacidade de atenuar as disparidades que subsistem no mundo em que vivemos, seja a nível mais local ou global. Convidam-se assim os leitores para a leitura dos resumos de palestras e comunicações livres apresentadas neste número da Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição. Quando falamos de inclusão, não é difícil pensarmos que um dos grupos cuja situação de fragilidade e dependência é o dos doentes a necessitar de cuidados paliativos. No artigo de Pinho-Reis e colaboradores, também publicado na presente edição, os cuidados paliativos são definidos como cuidados ativos, coordenados e holísticos de indivíduos de todas as idades com sofrimento grave relacionado com a saúde devido a doenças graves, e especialmente daqueles que estão perto do fim da vida. Este artigo explora e descreve, através de uma revisão sistemática, a definição de um conjunto de competências profissionais dos Nutricionistas a trabalhar nesta área. Este conjunto envolve não só as necessárias competências técnicas, que resultam fundamentalmente do conhecimento científico mais atual, como as não menos relevantes competências éticas, e que aqui são adequadamente valorizadas, não só sob o ponto de vista da intervenção do Nutricionista como da integração desta com as dos restantes membros da equipa multidisciplinar responsável pelo acompanhamento destes doentes. A constante evolução da Medicina e o consequente aumento da longevidade média das populações propicia um aumento previsível do número de indivíduos a necessitar deste tipo de cuidados, num futuro próximo. Podemos, pois, antecipar que a necessidade de Nutricionistas dedicados aos cuidados paliativos possa também aumentar, pelo que a publicação deste tipo de artigos, como o de Pinho-Reis e colaboradores, se torna ainda mais pertinente e atual. A Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição, através da colaboração do número sempre crescente de revisores, continuará a procurar servir a comunidade científica com os níveis exigíveis à importante tarefa a que se propõe.
Length-weight relationship and exploitation of Macrobrachium species in the Burhi Gandak River, North Bihar, India
Authors: Sahu Omkar , Mogalekar H. S. , Sahil  , Sanjay  , Pravesh Kumar  , Ram R.K. , Nayak S.K. , Srivastava P.P. , Brahmchari R.K.
Published: October 2024

Three species of the Palaemonidae family, namely Macrobrachium dayanum (Henderson, 1893), Macrobrachium lamarrei (Milne Edw., 1837) and Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (H. Milne Edw., 1844) were investigated for their length-weight relationship and exploitation status in the Burhi Gandak River between July 2020 and June 2021. A total of 907 specimensof M. lamarrei, 942 M. dayanum and 962 M. malcolmsonii were collected using trap net (locally named Ghana Jal), Saalbhar Jal, Pelni, Dhonijal and Khorjal and traditional boats such as Nauka and Donga. M. lamarrei was found to be the dominant species among them in the catch composition. Peak landing was observed from June to August. The maximum length was recorded for M. malcolmsonii (16.8 cm) followed by M. dayanum (8.0 cm) and M. lamarrei (6.1 cm). The length-weight relationship of M. lamarrei, M. dayanum and M. malcolmsonii indicated negative allometric growth with slope (b) values of 2.7692, 2.6027 and 2.7513, respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters viz., asymptotic length (L∞), growth coefficient (K) and age at zero length (to) were 5.67 cm, 2.3 y-1 and -0.5913 y-1 for M. lamarrei ; 10.08 cm, 0.990 y-1 and 0.6684 y-1 for M. dayanum and 16.59 cm, 0.730 y-1and -0.7289 y-1 for M. malcolmsonii , respectively. Fishing mortality was lower than natural mortality which was estimated as 1.71 for M. lamarrei, 0.15 for M. dayanum and 0.18 for M. malcolmsonii. The present study revealed that the smaller length groups had higher natural mortality, whereas larger length groups had higher fishing mortality. The current exploitation rate was 0.26 for M. lamarrei, 0.06 for M. dayanum and 0.09 for M. malcolmsonii. The research fills a critical gap providing essential insights into the population dynamics and exploitation of the three prawn species in the Burhi Gandak River, revealing their underexploited status, highlighting opportunities for sustainable harvesting and informed fishery management to support biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods.
Keywords: Bihar, Burhi Gandak River, Length-weight relationship, Macrobrachium, Stock assessment
Impact of cyclone Tauktae on fishermen’s livelihoodin Karnataka: A climate change perspective analysis
Authors: Gills Reshma , Bindu Sulochanan  , Shelton Padua  , D. Ajay Nakhawa  , P. Abdul Azeez  , L. Loveson Edward  , Reeta Jayasankar  , Veena Shettigar  , Thakurdas  , Suresh Kumar Pilli  , T. V. Ambrose
Published: October 2024

The Arabian Sea, off India’s west coast, is undergoing significant changes due to global climate change driven by rising greenhouse gas emissions and warming waters. This is well evidenced by the increasing frequency of cyclonic events along the coast, with five of the eight cyclones recorded in India since 2019 impacting the west coast. Cyclone Tauktae of 2021 was one of the most severe, with extremely recent cyclonic storms wreaking havoc on India’s southern maritime states. This paper examines the extent of damage that happened to households and livelihood-supporting assets, the socio-economic impacts, the social security challenges faced and the preparedness status in Karnataka’s coastal districts. This study also highlights the socio-ecosystem changes that occurred, as well as the coping strategies used in the maritime state of Karnataka in the context of climate change and proposes strategic action plans aimed at effectively mitigating the impacts of tropical cyclones.
 
Keywords: Impact analysis, Socio-economic impact, Socio-ecosystem changes, Tropical cyclones
Exploring the prospects, challenges and need assessment of live fish marketing from aquaculture farms in Kerala
Authors: Vishnu R. Nair  , P. Dona  , U. Parvathy  , T. J. Jithin  , P. K. Binsi
Published: October 2024

The current study investigated the potential and challenges of live fish marketing in the aquaculture farms of Kerala, India. Surveys were conducted among farmers from six major aquaculture producing districts of Kerala to gather information regarding aquaculture practices, harvesting methods and marketing strategies followed. Freshwater aquaculture systems, particularly tilapia farming was dominant among the farmers. The respondents primarily sold their products to domestic market through dealers. The study revealed that approximately 20% of the farmers adopted live fish transportation methods, preferring tank systems and open-type transportation. The study emphasised the importance of addressing challenges related to culture, harvest as well as post-harvest operations and providing knowhow on effective marketing and distribution channels to promote the adoption of live fish marketing.
Keywords: Aquaculture, Kerala, Live fish transportation, Marketing, Need assessment, Price realisation
Nutritional properties of commercially important cephalopods from the south-west coast of India
Authors: Silpa Kunnappilly Paulose  , Chakraborty Kajal
Published: October 2024

Cephalopods are widely regarded as healthy and nutritionally rich seafood resources. This study focuses on analysing the nutritional composition of six commercially important edible cephalopod species viz., Cistopus indicus, Amphioctopus marginatus, Amphioctopus aegina, Sepia pharaonis, Sepia elliptica and Sepia aculeata, from the Malabar coast of the Indian peninsula. The selected cephalopods were determined to be a rich source of protein ranging from 12.41 to 19.02 g 100 g-1. The amino acid profile demonstrated a balanced ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids (0.93-1.63) with a higher concentration of essential amino acids, attributing enhanced biological value of proteins in these cephalopods. S. pharaonis recorded the highest arginine-to-lysine ratio (~1.77), indicating excellent cholesterolemic index. Notably, octopus species had the lowest total cholesterol content (~100 mg 100 g-1) compared to cuttlefish species which recorded higher cholesterol levels (~160 mg 100 g-1). A. marginatus recorded more significant quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (36.85% total fatty acids) among all the species studied. Octopus species exhibited significantly greater Σn-3/Σn-6 ratio than cuttlefish species. The ideal atherogenicity/thrombogenicity indices (<1.0) in the edible tissues of the studied cephalopods qualify these species as potentially healthy food. A. aegina was found to exhibit greater vitamin E (α-tocopherol) contents (17.84 IU), whereas ascorbic acid was pronounced more in A. marginatus (47.06 μg 100 g-1). The higher vitamin D3 content in A. aegina (96.23 μg 100 g-1) among the species studied, highlights its potential role in preventing osteoporosis in adults. Among microelements such as iron and zinc were found in significant quantities in the cephalopod species studied. The findings from the current study provide valuable insights into the nutritional benefits of these species, positioning them as promising candidates for the seafood industry as possible healthy dietary options.
 
Keywords: Amino acid composition, Atherogenicity index, Cephalopods, Fatty acid composition, Thrombogenicity index
Assessment of plankton diversity and physico-chemical characteristics for sustainable fish production in a tropical reservoir in South India
Authors: Panikkar Preetha , Khan Feroz , V. L. Ramya  , Saha Ajoy , M. E. Vijaykumar  , Sarkar U. K. , P. K. Jesna  , Das B. K.
Published: October 2024

Plankton forms an important component of the aquatic ecosystem and act as indicators of fish diversity, pollution levels and environmental disturbances. They form an important natural fish food resource and play a vital role in the trophic structure of the ecosystem. In the present study a systematic assessment of the community distribution and diversity of plankton was conducted in the Karapuzha Reservoir in South India. Thirty six genera of phytoplankton belonging to 4 classes viz, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae and Myxophyceae were identified. Eleven genera of zooplankton belonging to four classes; Protozoa, Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda were also recorded. The Jaccard index of similarity showed that pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons shared a similar plankton composition. Diversity indices revealed the highest values during monsoon, while the Dominance index indicated the highest species dominance during post-monsoon (0.199) followed by pre-monsoon (0.1445) and monsoon (0.1417). Water quality parameters were found to have a significant correlation with plankton abundance in the reservoir. ShannonWeiner index indicated that the Karapuzha Reservoir ecosystem is moderately polluted. Seasonal variations in plankton composition showed the highest species abundance during the pre-monsoon followed by post-monsoon and monsoon seasons.
 
Keywords: Diversity index, Plankton abundance, Planktivorous fish, Reservoir ecosystem, Seasonal variation
Parameters of a stepping device for mining of scattered minerals on the sea bed
Authors:   St. Petersburg Mining University, Yungmeyster Dmitry , Smolenskiy Maksim ,   St. Petersburg Mining University, Serzhan Sergei ,   St. Petersburg Mining University, Urazbakhtin Rustam ,   St. Petersburg Mining University
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the work is to analyze the aggregates of complexes for the extraction of marine minerals. In particular, the variants of complexes, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. The complex is analyzed, which uses robotic pickers/reclaimers of the walking type to perform mining operations of ferromanganese nodules (FMN) or cobalt-bearing manganese crusts (CMC). Results. The variants of complexes for mining of bottom deposits are analyzed, advantages and disadvantages of different variants are indicated. The device for collecting minerals on the bottom, developed in SPMU, is described, laboratory studies of the model of such a device are considered, the main parameters are presented, the dependence of productivity on the size and time of operations of the cycle of work is indicated. It is determined that for minimal impact on the seabed biota it is necessary to use walking submersibles with an actuator for extraction in the form of rarefaction chambers or a grapple with an impactor (depending on the type of solid minerals). It is shown that the productivity of the walking underwater vehicle varies with the diameter of the rarefaction chamber plates: the optimum plate diameter is 1.5 m. Experimental study of hydrodynamic resistance of “foot” models with different midships cross-section has been carried out. According to the experimental results, the conclusion about the preferred design of the “foot” was made: the cross-section should be a streamlined shape with the smallest drag coefficient cx and have a continuous surface without holes. Experimental studies of tine models movement in water have shown that it is reasonable to use as tine parts the structures without holes, streamlined ellipsoidal shape. Calculations of productivity of mining units when using rope hoisting from the bottom to the ship have shown the necessity of using four or more hoisting devices for realization of the required annual productivity of more than 1 million tons per year. The stages of creating a workable extraction unit including a vessel, vertical lifting device and a system of deep-water collectors require very significant material and monetary costs, so they should be carried out in accordance with the R&D plan and tasks of the relevant ministry and agency and require coordination of efforts of investors, scientists and machine builders.
Ethnocultural tourism in the system of recreational nature management of the North Eastern Caucasus
Authors:   Complex Institute of the Russian Academy  of Sciences after Kh. Ibragimov, Zaburaeva Khava , Zaburaev Chingizkhan ,   Complex Institute of the Russian Academy  of Sciences after Kh. Ibragimov, Sedieva Milana ,   Complex Institute of the Russian Academy  of Sciences after Kh. Ibragimov
Published: October 2024

The aim of the work is to study the problems and prospects of ethno-cultural tourism development in the North-Eastern Caucasus and to assess its role in recreational nature management. Research methods: geographical, comparative-historical, demographic and ethno-cultural analysis of the territory, method of statistical processing of information and geo-system approach. Research results. The structure of ethno-cultural tourism potential including objects of natural and historical-cultural heritage, pilgrimages and unique intangible cultural heritage (art, culture, traditions and customs) was substantiated. The geographical pattern of distribution of historical and cultural heritage objects has been studied, which consists in the following: in the plain part these objects are represented mainly by houses of famous scientists, architects, artists and poets, obelisks, etc., and in the mountain zone–by tower complexes, above-ground crypts, bas-reliefs and other structures. The main types of traditional folk crafts and handicrafts (carpet weaving, felt making, jewelry, gun smithing, metal carving on wood, etc.) preserved up to nowadays as the most important resource of ethno-cultural tourism are shown. The significant share of creative potential has been identified in the mountainous part of the North-Eastern Caucasus. Conclusion. The results of the study show that the potential of ethno-cultural tourism in the North-Eastern Caucasus is not fully utilized. And this is reflected in its weak role in the system of recreational nature management. It is proved that for more effective utilization of this potential it is necessary to develop science-based approaches. The complex of problems that hinder the development of ethno-cultural tourism in the region of study is identified (shortage of highly qualified personnel, low level of service, poorly developed infrastructure, especially in mountainous areas, weak promotion of tourism products, etc.). It is shown that their decision will allow to bring this type of tourism to a higher level of economic development. It is recommended to emphasize the combination of traditional and innovative approaches in the system of recreational nature management, including ethno-cultural branding of recreation objects. The results of the study can be applied in the development of regional strategies for tourism development in the North-Eastern Caucasus, in the formation of regional and interregional tourism and recreation clusters.
About one new scheme for the application of finite element method in mining sciences
Authors:   MISIS University of Science and Technology, Khalkechev Ruslan
Published: October 2024

At the moment a large number of research papers are being published in the field of mining sciences, utilizing FEM (finite element method) in one way or another. The vast majority of these papers are devoted to solving various engineering problems in mining using different software products such as ABAQUS, PLAXIS, etc. It has been determined that almost all existing works in this field follow the typical scheme for the application of FEM. Materials and methods. The analysis showed that the typical scheme for the application of FEM in mining sciences contains a fundamental error related to the inadequate consideration of the representative volume of rocks during the construction of a continuous medium model and the formation of a discrete model. This leads to a significant degree of inaccuracy in the modeling results. Results and discussion. To resolve the fundamental error, a new scheme for the application of FEM in mining sciences is proposed. It differs from the typical scheme by introducing a new intermediate model between the rock mass and the continuum model. This model, named ‘rock mass body’, represents a set of geoparticles. The sizes of the geoparticles are determined according to the representative volume of the structural or textural components of the rock mass. Comparative analysis has shown that, unlike the typical scheme for the application of FEM, the use of the proposed scheme allows to get solutions with a high degree of accuracy when researching rocks with coarse-grained and medium-grained structures. Conclusion. An analysis of the typical scheme for the application of FEM identified a fundamental error in its use for rock mass modeling tasks. A new scheme has been proposed to correct this error. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research. The research results can be used to improve the accuracy of finite element models of rock masses. Further research should focus on improving methods for determining the shape of finite elements in relation to the symmetry of the structural and textural components of the rock mass. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the fracturing of rocks.
Modeling the drought intensity in mountainous areas using meteorological parameters
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Tynchenko Yadwiga , Kukartsev Vladislav ,   Siberian Federal University, Xiaogang Wu ,   Hebei University of Technology, Kravtsov Kirill ,   Bauman Moscow State  Technical University
Published: October 2024

Studying the intensity of drought in mountainous areas is critical for water resource management, disaster forecasting and the development of sustainable development strategies. Meteorological parameters play a key role in the formation of arid conditions in the mountains, so their analysis is necessary to understand and predict drought. Research methods and materials. The study used data on meteorological parameters (temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed) from the NASA POWER project and data on drought intensity from the US Drought Monitoring (USDM). Machine learning algorithms “random forest” and “decision tree” were used to build models of drought intensity classification. The results of the research. The constructed models have demonstrated high accuracy in predicting the intensity of drought. The analysis of the importance of the signs revealed the importance of surface pressure (PS), specific humidity (QV2M) and wind speed (WS10M, WS10M_MAX, WS10M_MIN, WS10M_RANGE) for drought forecasting. Experiments with a reduced set of factors have confirmed the possibility of constructing accurate models based on a limited number of parameters. Discussion of research results. The high accuracy of the models indicates the effectiveness of using meteorological data and machine learning algorithms to predict the intensity of drought in mountainous areas. The resulting models can serve as a tool for assessing drought risks, developing mitigation measures and managing water resources in mountainous areas. Conclusion. The study confirmed the possibility of effective modeling of drought intensity in mountainous areas based on meteorological parameters. The key factors influencing the intensity of drought have been identified and the possibility of constructing accurate models using a limited data set has been demonstrated. Conclusions of the article. The use of meteorological data and machine learning algorithms makes it possible to create effective tools for predicting the intensity of drought in mountainous areas. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research. The obtained models can be used in drought monitoring and early warning systems, as well as to optimize water resources management in mountainous areas. Further research may be aimed at taking into account climatic zones in modeling the intensity of drought. Dividing the data into separate climatic zones can improve the accuracy of forecasting and improve understanding of the impact of meteorological factors on drought in different climatic conditions.
Seasonal aspects of macro, trace, and ultra trace element changes in soils with different anthropogenic loads
Authors:   National Polytechnic  University of Armenia, Sukiasyan Astghik , Kirakosyan Armen ,   National Polytechnic  University of Armenia
Published: October 2024

Studying seasonal changes in the concentrations of macro, trace and ultra trace elements in soil samples is important for solving a number of environmental problems in mountainous regions. An innovative technical approach, using a portable X-ray fluorescenceanalyzer, was used to detect changes in the concentrations of certain chemical elements in soil samples from different regions of Armenia during the four seasons. Based on the established Clark concentration for chemical elements, a pollution index was calculated. Regardless of the season, the significance of the pollution index for trace elements is greater than the value of the other elements of the group. Moderate direct and inverse correlations between macro and trace elements, as well as between trace and ultra trace elements were dominant throughout the experimental cycle in all soil samples. The results obtained are of practical importance for the development of mountain soils for agricultural use and can be useful for the preparation of geochemical maps of the distribution of macro, trace, and ultra trace elements to adjust the geochemical background of heavy metals in the soils of Armenia.
Exploring the Rich Diversity of Insect Pollinators in Cucumber, Cucumis sativus L.
Authors: Ayoub Liyaqat , HANIF RUKSHANDA , YAQOOB MUNAZAH , RASOOL JAMEELA , WAR WASEEM AHMAD
Published: October 2024

In India, an enormous and significant group of vegetables known as cucurbits are widely cultivated. Numerous vine crop species with a creeping growth habit, such as chow-chow, bitter gourd, ash gourd, cucumber, watermelon, and pumpkin, are members of the Cucurbitaceae family. Of the 20 cucurbits grown in India One of the earliest vegetables to be grown worldwide is the cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. (Family: Cucurbitaceae), which is grown in tropical and subtropical regions. It is indigenous to Asia and Africa and is commonly referred to as "Laerr" in Kashmir. Cucumbers are extensively cross-pollinated, with insects being the primary pollinators. The plant draws a wide variety of insect species, which makes pollination more successful. To investigate the diversity and abundance of pollinators involved in cucumber pollination, a study was conducted entitled as “Exploring the Rich Diversity of Insect Pollinators in Cucumber, Cucumis sativus L.’’ was carried out at Experimental Farm, of Division of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-K Wadura during the year, 2021. The study revealed presence of total 15 insect species under orders viz., Diptera (6), Hymenoptera (5), Lepidoptera (2), Odonata (1) and Coleoptera (1) on cucumber flowers. Among all pollinators/visitors, Eristalis arbustorum had maximum relative abundance (0.121), diversity indices in terms of Shannon-Weiner diversity index (0.256) and species evenness (0.094). Highest species richness was recorded in Diptera (0.979) which was followed by Hymenoptera (0.783), Lepidoptera (0.196), Odonata (0.000) and Coleoptera (0.000).