bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of dexamethasone gargle, intravenous dexamethasone, and their combination on postoperative sore throat: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ki Seunghee , Myoung Inwook , Cheong Soonho , Lim Sehun , Cho Kwangrae , Kim Myoung-hun , Han Yongjae , Oh Minkyung , Park Yohan , Kim Kwanghee , Lee Jeonghan
Published: October 2020

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a complication that decreases patient satisfaction and increases postoperative complaints. The present study was conducted to investigate effects of gargling with dexamethasone, intravenous dexamethasone injection and the combination of the two on the incidence and severity of POST.Methods: Study participants were 96 patients who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, randomly allocated into three groups. Group G gargled with 0.05% dexamethasone solution and were infused intravenous 0.9% normal saline before general anesthesia; group I gargled with 0.9% normal saline and were infused intravenous 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone; group GI gargled with 0.05% dexamethasone solution and were infused intravenous 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone. The incidence and severity of POST, hoarseness and cough were evaluated and recorded at 1, 6, and 24 h after the surgery.Results: There were no significant differences in the total incidence of POST up to 24 postoperative hours among Group G, Group I and Group GI (P = 0.367, Group G incidence = 34.38%, [95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 17.92–50.83], Group I incidence = 18.75%, [95% CI = 5.23–32.27], Group GI incidence = 28.13%, [95% CI = 12.55–43.70]). The other outcomes were comparable among the groups.Conclusions: In patients who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gargling with 0.05% dexamethasone solution demonstrated the same POST prevention effect as intravenous injection of 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone. The incidence and severity of POST were not significantly different between the combination of gargling with 0.05% dexamethasone solution and intravenous injection of 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone and use of each of the preventive methods alone.
Domino living donor liver transplantation of familial amyloid polyneuropathy patient - A case report -
Authors: Cha Sungrok , Kim Jiwon , Choi Soo Joo , Kim Gaab-Soo
Published: October 2020

Background: Familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) is caused by mutation in a gene transcribing transport protein produced mainly by the liver. Liver transplantation is required to stop FAP progression, but the pathology causes anesthetic management challenges.Case: We report a case of domino living donor liver transplantation in an FAP patient. No intraoperative events occurred; however, during postoperative day 1 in the intensive care unit (ICU), the FAP patient underwent multiple cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) sessions due to pulseless electrical activity following a sudden drop in blood pressure and ventricular tachycardia. Despite ICU management, the patient died after the third CPR session.Conclusions: Various anesthetic management techniques should be considered for FAP patients. Anesthetic management was carefully assessed with the use of isoflurane, isoproterenol, and an external patch. The cause of deterioration in the ICU is unclear, but further investigation is needed to prevent and better manage postoperative morbidity and mortality.
Illumina double-stranded DNA dual indexing for ancient DNA v1
Authors: Stahl Raphaela , Warinner Christina , Velsko Irina , Orfanou Eleftheria , Aron Franziska , Brandt Guido
Published: October 2020

This protocol converts partially completed double-stranded DNA libraries e.g. from: Non-UDG treated double-stranded ancient DNA library preparation for Illumina sequencing (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bakricv6) into dual-indexed Illumina libraries ready for sequencing on an Illumina platform. Other variants of the above protocol can also be used. This protocol includes steps for indexing PCR, clean-up, and post-indexing qPCR. This protocol is modified after Kircher, M., Sawyer, S. & Meyer, M., 2012. Double indexing overcomes inaccuracies in multiplex sequencing on the Illumina platform. Nucleic acids research, 40(1), p.e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr771.
Metabolic and Electrolyte profile in Birth Asphyxia
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Singh Dr. Abhishek Kumar , Sharma Dr. Bhoopendra ,   Professor, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Mehta Dr. Anita ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Gandhi Dr. Karm Chand ,   Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Tiwari Dr. Harish Chandra ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, BRD Medical College Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The definition of birth asphyxia is given by the ACOG, AAP includes the existence of 3factors: Metabolic or mixed acidemia (pH<7) which is determined by umbilical cord arterial bloodsamples. The major causes of neonatal seizures are Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), whichrepresents about 50% of the causes of neonatal seizures. Metabolic abnormalities, infection,intracranial hemorrhage, developmental anomalies, and other like inborn errors of metabolism areother causes of neonatal seizures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study. This is ahospital-based prospective study conducted at Nehru Hospital, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur (UP)in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the pediatric department. This study was conducted from July2018 to July 2019. Result: Prevalence of Hypocalcemia was 7.6%, Prevalence of hypernatremia was1.3%, Out of 315 patients 32 (10.2%) patients expired and 283 (89.8%) was successfullydischarged. Conclusion: No association between Hypocalcemia and Hypomagnesemia Prevalence ofhyponatremia was 6.3% and no association between hyponatremia and Hypomagnesemia. Theprevalence of hypernatremia was 1.3% and there was no association between hypernatremia andHypomagnesemia.
Formación para el liderazgo escolar: impacto del plan de formación de directores en Chile.
Authors: Parra Robledo Richar , Ruiz Bueno Carmen
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la formación de directores, desarrollado en el marco del Plan de formación en Chile desde el 2011 hasta la actualidad. La investigación es no experimental, ex post facto, con un muestro no probabilístico por conveniencia de 290 participantes de las acciones formativas realizadas a nivel de país. Para la recogida de la información, se diseñó un cuestionario, el cual presenta un índice elevado de consistencia interna global (α=0,980) entregado por el programa SPSS Statistics 25. Entre los resultados, se identifica un alto impacto de la formación en el ámbito profesional, principalmente en las mujeres, en los niveles de aumento de la seguridad profesional y en la mejora de sus competencias directivas potenciando el impacto de la calidad y rendimiento de su trabajo en la organización escolar. Además, en este grupo, se aprecia un alto impacto en el ámbito organizacional, especialmente, en la promoción de una cultura de trabajo en equipo y en el aumento de las innovaciones educativas. Finalmente, se concluye que el mayor impacto de los programas formativos es en el propio aprendizaje y en el desarrollo profesional de las formadas y los formados.
School Principal Support in Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Karacabey Mehmet Fatih
Published: October 2020

Turkish education system has enacted a vision of 2023 which emphasizes that school principals create and organize professional learning activities based on the needs of students and teachers. This research aimed to evaluate this vision by determining the level of support provided by school principals in teachers' professional development. It was based on a cross-sectional survey design of the quantitative method. The data collected from the 4,729 teachers working in Sanliurfa province in Turkey were analyzed. The results suggested that the school principals supported the professional development of the teachers occasionally and only 25.5% of principals supported teachers' professional development sufficiently. School principals mostly followed relevant resources to support teachers' professional development and inform teachers about innovations related to education. In addition, school principals did not adequately perform activities that may support teacher professional development such as determining individual and group development programs, organizing a professional development monitoring form for teachers, organizing educational activities outside the seminar period, receiving enough help from the experts in the area, and giving enough individual reading and research tasks. The results also indicated that the principals of high school teachers supported their professional development more than the principals working in primary and secondary schools, the principals of the classroom teachers and the principals of male teachers supported the professional development of the teachers more than the principals of the female and branch teachers and teachers’ level of education did not create any difference in the perceptions of the teachers.
Power and Cultures of the World. Developing New Social Architectures of Influence in the UN: A Network Analysis
Authors: García-Faroldi Livia , Bello Valeria
Published: October 2020

The most important sociologists have discussed whether it is the social structure that produces individual behaviours or the latters are only the results of individuals’ will. In the literature of international relations, as well, a similar debate about the structure-agency problem has developed: in this context, the central question is whether or not there exist external sources of influences for the decisions that states take in international politics. This article, by sharing an integrative and post-structural approach (Archer, 1995; Foucault, 1970) proposes an empirical analysis of the formation of power architectures within the UN-SC surrounding the question of Intercultural Dialogue. A Social Network Analysis checks whether the way actors exercise power is concurrently the result of individual wills whose contents follows both institutional and cultural conditioning. Findings show that there is not a fixed structure of power relations which can be given for granted but it is continuously negotiated through both practices and social interactions. However, both institutional and, above all, cultural factors shape power relations.
Design of an Enterprise Level Architecture Based on Microservices
Authors: CEBECİ Kenan , KORÇAK Ömer
Published: October 2020

Building or transformation of an enterprise software system is an onerous process which requires a precise definition of business demands. Then to enable the satisfaction of business requirements, the well-thought-of and convenient software architecture must be determined and designed. According to common sense, there are two methods to be followed in order to find the right solution for a problem. One is to handle the problem as a whole; like the traditional monolith architecture. The second method is to divide the problem into easily understandable and soluble fine-grains. If the second path is chosen in the software world, microservices architecture can be shown. When the entire enterprise-level system design is considered, to the best of our knowledge, there is no any leading empirical research on the evaluation of software architectures, selection of communication protocol, data formats, and database. In this paper, an easily scalable, maintainable, highly-available, reliable and observable software system is designed by comparing variant architectures, communication methods, and data models that would help to choose the most appropriate architecture or model for the right purpose. All the paper is about designing a backend API system. The client types or technologies are out of scope.
Model of degradation of InGaN/GaN LED during current tests taking into account the inhomogeneous distribution of temperature and current density in the heterostructure
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ulyanovsk Branch, Sergeev Vyacheslav A. , Hodakov Alexander M. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ulyanovsk Branch, Frolov Ilya V. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ulyanovsk Branch
Published: October 2020

A diffusion kinetic model of the optical power degradation of an LED based on a double InGaN/GaN heterostructure during direct current tests is presented. According to the model, the main process causing a decrease in the optical power of the LED is the diffusion of Mg impurity atoms from the p-layer barrier of the heterostructure into the active region. The model takes into account the effect of non-uniform current distribution due to non-uniform heating of the chip by high-density current and can be used to predict the lifetime of the LED when operating in continuous and pulsed mode.
Aluminum nanostructures obtained at the interface of two immiscible liquid
Authors:   Institute of Phytotechnology, National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Murzabekova Elmira T. , Sulaymankulova Saadat K. ,   Institute of Phytotechnology, National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Abdullaeva Zhypargul D. ,   Osh State University, Toktobaev Kutman K. ,   Company KAZ Minerals Bozymchak, Kelgenbaeva Zhazgul K. ,   Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Mayorov Vitaly Yu. ,   Institute of Chemistry, Far East branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2020

Expanding range of nanostructured materials applications based on aluminum initiates the search for new methods for their preparation. A promising method for the synthesis of aluminum nanostructures using the total energy of pulsed plasma and the energy of the interface is proposed in this article. Aluminum nanostructures have been synthesized by dispersing aluminum electrodes in a microemulsion (water-benzene), in benzene and distilled water, using the energy of a pulsed plasma. Obtained nanostructures of aluminum were subjected to X-ray phase and electron microscopic analyzes. Particle sizes are calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula. The specific surface area (BET method) and porosity (BJH method) of nanostructures synthesized in microemulsion (water-benzene) were determined by the method of physical nitrogen adsorption.
The Decoding Algorithms For Error-Correcting Product Codes Based On Project Geometry Low-Density Parity-Check Codes
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino Branch, Nazarov Lev E.
Published: October 2020

The focus of this paper is directed towards the investigation of the characteristics of symbol-by-symbol iterative decoding algorithms for error-correcting block product-codes (block turbo-codes) which enable to reliable information transfer at relatively low received signal/noise and provide high power efficiency. Specific feature of investigated product codes is construction with usage of low-density parity-check codes (LDPC) and these code constructions are in the class of LDPC too. According to this fact the considered code constructions have symbol-by-symbol decoding algorithms developed for total class LDPC codes, namely BP (belief propagation) and its modification MIN_SUM_BP. The BP decoding algorithm is iterative and for implementation the signal/noise is required, for implementation of MIN_SUM_BP decoding algorithm the signal/noise is not required. The resulted characteristics of product codes constructed with usage of LDPC based on project geometry (length of code words, information volume, code rate, error performances) are presented in this paper. These component LDPC codes are cyclic and have encoding and decoding algorithms with low complexity implementation. The computer simulations for encoding and iterative symbol-by-symbol decoding algorithms for the number of turbo-codes with different code rate and information volumes are performed. The results of computer simulations have shown that MIN_SUM_BP decoding algorithm is more effective than BP decoding algorithm for channel with additive white gaussian noise concerning error-performances.
Investigation of distribution laws of the phase difference of the envelopes of electromyograms of antagonist muscles in Parkinson's disease and essential tremor patients
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Sushkova Olga S. , Morozov Alexei A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Kershner Ivan A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Petrova Nadezhda G. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Gabova Alexandra V. ,   Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, Chigaleychik Larisa A. ,   FSBI Rearch Center of Neurology, Karabanov Alexei V. ,   FSBI Rearch Center of Neurology
Published: October 2020

An investigation of surface electromyogram (EMG) of antagonist muscles in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) was carried out. A comparison was made between two methods for calculating instantaneous phases of envelopes of EMG signals. The first method is based on calculating the ridges of wavelet spectrograms of envelopes of EMG signals. The second method is based on using the Hilbert transform. Statistically significant difference between the mean values of the phase difference of the EMG signal envelopes was found in the antagonist muscles in PD and ET patients.
Legal Regulation of Cryptocurrency Emission and Allocation: Trends and Prospects
Authors: Egorova M. A. , Belitskaya A. V.
Published: October 2020

Recently, the legislation on cryptocurrencies has been rapidly developing both in foreign countries and in the Russian Federation. The paper analyses trends and prospects of legal regulation of cryptocurrency emission and allocation, represents various approaches to this issue in the international arena. The author provides us with a thorough analysis of recent trends in the development of legislation on the emission and allocation of cryptocurrencies in the world, substantiates the theses that states are constantly seeking to settle the digital realm. By defining the legal nature of cryptocurrencies and referring them to a particular object of legal regulation, the state streamlines and systematizes the rules that will be applied to mining and ICO. Whether the market is interested in such regulation is a philosophical question, but the state as a sovereign cannot afford to recognize (the lack of regulation should be treated as a tacit recognition in this case) the existence of cryptocurrency as an alternative to the national payment unit.
Entrepreneurial Activity of the Bank of Russia
Authors: Tarasenko O. A.
Published: October 2020

The paper is focused on the possibility for the Bank of Russia to enter into the market of banking services, their legitimation and influence on the state of competition and supervision in the Russian banking and national payment systems. The author highlights that an entrepreneurial component in the activity of the Bank of Russia is strengthening, which has taken place due to implementation of tasks on digitalization of the Russian banking system. It is concluded that the accepted model of fintech admission to the market of banking services is, to a certain extent, limited, which will not allow it to develop in the conditions of free competition. The author also investigates the negative aspects of the presence of the Bank of Russia in the market of banking services. The presence of the Bank of Russia in the market entails a conflict of interests accompanied by the adoption of extraordinary acts and acts that restrict competition, which makes the development of the market inert and inhibits the digital economy. The paper provides for regulatory novelties stimulating clear restrictions on the implementation of business activity of the Bank of Russia.
The Experience of Nature Mathematization in Criminal Proceedings Digitalization
Authors: Przhilenskiy V. I.
Published: October 2020

The paper explores the problem of theoretical knowledge transformation, the implementation of which is conditioned by the digitalization of legal proceedings. In the context of this problem, the experience of mathematizing nature and society, its similarity and difference with the task of digitalization through the introduction of computer technology in the functioning of the justice system is analyzed. The ontological assumptions and methodological consequences of preparing theoretical knowledge for the processes of mathematization and digitalization are examined in detail. The inclusion and experience of constructing natural and social reality in the task of constructing digital reality is revealed and described. Digitalization itself is being studied both as a kind of cognitive and intellectual technology, and as the improvement of social technology. This action is also considered from the point of view of the correspondence of the experimental and theoretical and conceptual knowledge in the field of criminal proceedings. Heuristic and cognitive capabilities of computer modeling of actions of individuals are revealed on the basis of teleological and causal types of explanation. Cases of the introduction of computer technology in the investigation of crimes and other types of law enforcement practice are considered.
Virtual Image as an Object of Legal Protection
Authors: Grin E. S.
Published: October 2020

The paper discusses the issues that arise when creating a virtual image in multimedia products, including computer games, using the image of a citizen. As a rule, such images are used without the consent of a citizen, and therefore disputes have begun to arise regarding the legitimacy of using real images of artists in computer games, social networks. The author analyzes the legal nature of the right to an image of a citizen and the possibility of using such an image in virtual and augmented reality. In connection with the development of digital technologies, the images of citizens are now actively being used in creation of various works, such as holograms. The dance moves are being used to create digital results of creative work. The author notes that when getting results of creative work in virtual reality, it is necessary to observe the rights of citizens, whose images are used to create digital objects. When considering these issues, an analysis of foreign experience is provided, as well as mechanisms for legal regulation of relations arising in the cases under consideration.
Fraud: Theory and Practice of Qualification
Authors: Kochoi S. M.
Published: October 2020

The paper continues a multi-year author’s research devoted to topical issues of application of norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on stealing other people’s property. On the basis of the analysis of a specific criminal case, on which the author drafted a scientific advisory opinion, the author describes the deficiencies of the qualification of fraud typical for enforcement practice. Attention is paid to the stereotypes of the prosecution authorities and courts in determining the amount of damage caused by stealing, as well as errors in applying criminal law competing rules containing different definitions of fraud. It is stated that two different in nature and degree of danger acts are factitiously unified in Part 5 of Article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, namely: a theft of other people’s property and deliberate failure to perform contractual commitments in the field of entrepreneurship. The author regrets that the legislator missed the opportunity to transfer to Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the norm on crime in the field of economic activity—deliberate failure to perform contractual obligations in the field of business activity—that has caused damage (significant, large or particularly large) to interests protected by law. The author draws the conclusion on inadmissibility of substituting civil legal disputes by criminal prosecution.
Conducting Research on Handwriting Objects in Signature Sheets as Part of Election Campaigns: “Error Correction”
Authors: Zhizhina M. V.
Published: October 2020

During the election campaign last summer, the author of this article was engaged by the management of the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation to verify the correctness of activities associated with the expert study of voters’ signature sheets in support of the nomination of candidates for the Moscow City Duma. This participation was caused by numerous complaints of candidates for deputies who were refused registration because of insufficient number of reliable signatures of voters. Falsification of signature sheets was revealed by handwriting experts. Moreover, there has been a wave of rallies and demonstrations in support of unregistered candidates around the country, where doubts about the correctness of the expert checks and distrust to their results have been actively proclaimed. It was declared mainly by people doing little (if anything) with judicial graphology. In the paper we decided to address this problem in order to competently analyse the current situation, as well as to develop optimal ways to overcome possible negative consequences related to checking signature sheets by expert graphologists.
Issues of Distribution of Rights to Results of Intellectual Activity within "Megascience" Projects
Authors: Zaplatina T. S.
Published: October 2020

The concept of intellectual property rights (IP) within the framework of "megascience" projects is based on common international, supranational and national norms in the field of IP. The problem of the distribution of the results of intellectual activity (IA), created within the framework of a "megascience" project, is due to the collective nature of their creation. The IA belongs to both the project participants (team) and the megascience center. Often, the norms of a specific agreement on the creation of intellectual property (IP) solve the issues of distribution of the results of a collective IA. In the case of megascience projects, the norms of the research centers themselves are important, like an agreement between individuals that form the basic principles for the distribution of IA. The form of organization of the research center also affects the distribution of IA results within the framework of megascience projects. Thus, the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), which is a national legal entity, makes a distinction in the division of IAs depending on the characteristics of the project and the level of access to research objects, without highlighting the concept of the underlying IP for the ILL. The European Split Source (ESS), an integrated mega-science framework, provides the core IP of the center for research. Such a primary IP can be used under the right of a non-exclusive license by a participant to the project in which the primary IP is used.
Comparative Legal Analysis of the Systems of Executive Power in Russia and Japan
Authors: Vayno A. A.
Published: October 2020

The paper is devoted to the comparative legal aspects of the study of executive power systems in Russia and Japan. These states, despite the significant difference in both the political and legal historical path and modern forms of government and state structure, have a number of common constitutional and legal features. Both countries have chosen a legal strategy aimed at the full-fledged building of a democratic rule of law. Comparison of executive-power systems reveals both serious similarities and significant differences in the statics and dynamics of their daily functioning. If in Russia ministers perform rather an administrative and managerial function and are actually deprived of many of their own political prerogatives, in Japan the top officials of ministries are, as a rule, public politicians. The difference also lies in the procedure for appointing heads of executive departments — in Russia in this process, the primary role is assigned to the personal will of the elected head of state, in Japan — to the collective will of the elite, self-organizing and legitimized through parliamentary elections. At the same time, a number of common features correspond to the governments of these countries, both in terms of their legal nature and in terms of their functions. These circumstances indicate the need to intensify comparative legal research in this direction in order to clarify questions about the further expediency of the mutual reception of norms and institutions related to the corresponding public law orders.
On the application of the theory of dissociation of Arrhenius electrolyte solutions to electrophysiology
Authors: Chagovets V.
Published: October 2020

Some 150 years passed since the time when the idea was first expressed that the source of nervous power is electricity (Gausen, 1743). So much noise was overtaken in the past century by Mesmer's statements, which also explained how the special manifestation of electrical and magnetic forces, even more strengthened the faith, if not into identity, then) at least, into a close kinship of the energetic beginning of electricity. But, apart from abstract considerations, there was no direct evidence in support of these views in science. Only half a century later, after Gausen Galvani made his famous discovery that the muscles of a dissected frog's leg contract if the sciatic nerve and the lower part of it are connected with a metal conducting arc. Galvani, as is known, attributed this phenomenon to the presence of electrical forces generated in itself by the living tissue itself. But soon Volta arose against this view, who believed in this case the source of electricity not in the very tissues of the frog, but in the place of contact of the metal of the conducting arc with the liquid of living tissue. It was here that the beginning of that endless dispute was laid, which has been going on for a whole century and has not yet received a final solution, and which can be formulated as follows: does living protoplasm have independent sources of electric motor force, or does the electric phenomenon observed in living tissues only secondary results of the chemical or physical conditions that this tissue represents at a given moment, and do not have any direct connection with its functional activity? This question of enormous theoretical and practical interest, despite the mass of works of many outstanding scientists, has not yet received a satisfactory answer. Professor Biderman, in his extensive work on electrophysiology, which appeared last year, expresses himself on this matter as follows: the results of individual experiments and an almost complete lack of knowledge of the scope of their significance for the function of the underlying tissues. " (W. Biedermann. Elektrophysiologie. I. Abtheil. S. 273. Jena 1895).
S. Ramon Cajal. Nouvelles contributions à l’étude histologique de la rétine. Journal de l’Anatomie et de la Physiologie. XXXII année, 1896, № 5. Septembre—octobre. P. p. 481—543
Authors: Smirnov A. E.
Published: October 2020

In the development of rods and cones, the author notes 4 common and other main periods: the embryonic period, the period of unipolarity, the period of bipolarity and the period of the young state. The first period corresponds to the period of the germinal bodies of His and, to some extent, the period of mitosis, described, for example, by Koganeem and Shevich. The shape of the visual cells at this time is irregular, spherical. In newborn cats, rabbits and dogs, all these cells, apparently, have already passed this period, at least it is impossible to see mitosis at this time. In the second period, located in the beginning along the neighborhood with m. limit. externa, the cell stretches out and gives a long outgrowth, the end of which is the cell itself, gradually descending downward to the point at which it should be in adulthood. The body is ellipsoidal with a vertically standing long axis; but sometimes this form is changed through compression by the neighboring elements.
Catatonia
Authors: Chizh V. F.
Published: October 2020

I think that the above ten stories of the disease are quite enough to create a picture of the disease; I could add another twelve stories of illness, but this would be completely unnecessary and would increase the volume of work, which, as you know, only spoils the heart. The history of illness not given here would be an unnecessary repetition of what has already been described in sufficient detail in the ten cases described.
Bilateral periodically aggravated paralysis of the eye muscles with peculiar fluctuations in the control of the movement of the upper eyelids
Authors: Bekhterev V.
Published: October 2020

Cases of periodical eye paralysis are far from frequent occurrence and have been described so far only in a small number. In addition, many aspects of this interesting painful defeat are still not sufficiently clarified. In view of this, I will focus on one of the cases presented to my observation of periodically aggravating paralysis of the optic nerves, which at the same time represented extremely peculiar fluctuations in the control of the movements of the upper arms.
Dr. Brauer. Der Einfluss des Quecksilbers auf das Nervensystem des Kaninchens. (Deutsch. Zeitschr, f. Nervenheilkunde. XII Band, Heft.)
Authors: Tsvetaev A. A.
Published: October 2020

The motivation for the work of Dr. Brauer was the observed nervous diseases in syphilitics with their specific treatment of Hg. For the clinician, it is very difficult to solve the question of their dependence on Hg. Making a reservation that experiments on animals cannot always be transferred to humans, the author considers them, but not least, to add usefulness to observation at the patient's bedside, in addition to the principled solution of the issue.
Prof. Goldscheider und D-r Flatau. Normale und pathologische Anatomie der Nervenzellen auf Grund der neueren Forschungen. Berlin, 1898. (Mit 8 Abbildungen im Text und 7 Tafeln)
Authors: Tsvetaev A. A.
Published: October 2020

The question of the normal and pathological histology of nerve cells is increasingly occupying the minds of specialists-researchers of different countries. Despite the fact that the results obtained do not yet make it possible to talk about them, as about the last word in this area of ​​knowledge, the work on combining the accumulated material is not the same. So Nissl gives in his work about hypotheses of the functions of nerve cells; In such a form, a particular question appears about the recovery of sick motor cells (after cutting the nerve fiber, in case of poisoning with poison), etc. Some authors ask themselves the question of facilitating further work, carefully collecting the existing literature. The last one includes, by the way, the work of Dr. Muravyov (Russian Archives of Pathology, etc. 1897. December), as well as the work written out above by Prof. Goldscheider and Dr. Flatau.
Chronicle and mix
Authors: Nikolaev V. V.
Published: October 2020

In February month s. Mr. G.A.Klyachkin opened a hydrotherapy clinic in Kazan. There is an office for treatment with electricity and massage at the Healing Center. The hospital is supplied with all the aids necessary for hydrotherapy and treatment with electricity and massage, according to modern science guidelines. The massage is supervised by a special doctor and a midwife-masseuse. Patients in the hospital use common baths (ordinary, mineral, electric, steam), wipes, wrapped in simple, local baths. In the soul department there is a common soul (Charcot soul, circular, etc.) and various local souls. The free, in need of treatment with water, electricity and massage, are used on an outpatient basis. In addition, according to the statute of the hospital, patients can also be admitted for inpatient treatment. For this, the number of beds for the first time is limited to two, while the number of them is supposed to be increased in the present.
О. Schmidt. Ist die progressive Paralyse ans der mikroskopischen Befunden an der Grosshirnrinde pathologisch-anatomisch diagnosticirbar? Eine literarische und anatomische Studie. Allg. Zeitschr. für Psychiatrie, Bd. 54
Authors: Idelson G.
Published: October 2020

The work embraces all the literature on this issue and visually compares the changes found in the vascular system, connective and basic tissue, melin and other fibers. The author comes to the following conclusions.
Navigating Hyperrealities: Tamil Film (Kollywood) Choreography as Screen Dance
Authors: Kalyanasundaram Sandhiya
Published: October 2020

This essay discusses the choreographic ethos that integrates technology and dance as an evolving mode of storytelling in South Indian (Tamil-Kollywood) movies by tracing the work of director Shankar Shanmugam. Through analyses of song-dance sequences, I identify three key principles for using screendance techniques, and reflect on how these innovations contribute to cultivating and shaping the audience imagination. The audience is challenged to further engage at multiple levels and grapple with the relationships between human and more than human worlds. In the Kollywood scene, there is a constant quest for new techniques that can embrace inner realities.
Screendance Narratives from around the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Mikou Ariadne
Published: October 2020

The European Mediterranean appears to be an active key player for the production and circulation of screendance. Focusing this research on the pre-pandemic state of screendance in Italy, France, Greece and Spain and employing a methodology of one-to-one interviews, this text examines the art policies that have been in place for potentially supporting the production of screendance, the ways that spectatorship and social engagement kept on growing and the predictions for the yet-to-come evolution of the form in a context disassociated from, yet applicable to the on-going pandemic. Although screendance is understood differently among the interviewees – curators of major festivals such as DAN. CIN. LAB., Festival International De Vidéo Danse De Bourgogne, COORPI/La Danza in 1 minuto, Cinematica Festival, Stories We Dance International Videodance Contest, Choreoscope - The International Dance Film Festival of Barcelona and the formerly known Athens Video Dance Project – International Dance Film Festival – the aim of this research is to create knowledge regarding the heterogeneous landscape of screendance in the European Mediterranean as well as a broader understanding of the shifting Mediterranean culture.
An In Vitro Study Determining the anti-inflammatory activities of sinapinic acid-containing extracts generated from Irish rapeseed meal
Authors: Quinn Leah , Scott Kenneth , Finn Stephen , Hayes Maria , Gray Steven
Published: October 2020

Sinapinic acid (SA) has been shown to possess various bioactive properties including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and histone deacetylase inhibitory activities. However, the amount obtained from our diet is insufficient to produce beneficial effects on health. Therefore, isolating this bioactive phenolic from a natural source, such as rapeseed meal, could generate extracts containing concentrated amounts of SA which could be consumed as a functional food ingredient to prevent health-related disease, particularly inflammation. Inflammation is a multi-faceted pathology, which plays a role in numerous diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, arthritis and cancer. Current therapies such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) are associated with various adverse side effects, with the result being an increase in research aiming to identify natural compounds which possess anti-inflammatory activity. In this work, an in vitro study assessed the anti-inflammatory activities of two sinapinic acid-containing extracts on human-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Both extracts were found to significantly reduce the levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha, IL-12 and IL-6. Importantly, these extracts were found to be more potent than commercial SA in terms of their anti-inflammatory activities. Results demonstrate the potential of these extracts as anti-inflammatory agents.
Acute life-threatening respiratory distress syndrome in an infant due to a bronchogenic cyst
Authors: Rupprecht Holger , Holger Marx , Jens Klinge , Gaab Katharina
Published: October 2020

An 8-week-old infant was admitted to the hospital after an initially normal postpartum course with pronounced shortness of breath. Progressive hypoxia and a loss of consciousness occurred during the computer tomography examination, whereby the massively increased airway resistance hardly allowed ventilation. During a emergency thoracotomy, a bronchogenic cyst which had compressed the left main bronchus, was successfully extirpated.
A clinical perspective on food-relatA Clinical Perspective on Food-Related Diseases in the First Year of Lifeed diseases in the first year of life
Authors: Hopp Russell
Published: October 2020

Food-related disease processes can have a wide presentation picture. We present here a review of their clinical patterns in infants to allow a prompt diagnosis and appropriate management. Included in the discussion in infants from birth to 12 months includes IgE-mediated food allergy, food protein–induced allergic proctocolitis , food protein enterocolitis syndrome, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease. The bibliography is updated to the past two years unless the latest guideline pre-dated 2018, or the reference was of a classic nature.
Epidemiology of Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) and HCL-Like Disorders
Authors: Troussard Xavier
Published: October 2020

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a very rare and well-defined entity that is characterized by the presence of hairy cells expressing the characteristic markers CD11c, CD25, CD103 and CD123 and in most cases by the presence of the BRAFV600E mutation. The incidence rate, directly adjusted to the 2000 United States standard population is estimated at 0.62 per 100 000 person-years (PA) in white men, 0.21 in black men, 0.20 in Asian men and 0.06 American Indian or Alaska native men. Based on the estimated 2019 leukemia incidence, of 61,780 in the United States, approximately 1,240 new HCL cases are expected per year, with only 60–75 new patients having a variant form of HCL each year. In France, the median age of patients at diagnosis is 63 years in men and 59 years in women. There is a strong male predominance, with a sex ratio of 5:1. HCL is a malignant disorder with a good prognosis, with a standardized average survival at 1 year and 5 years of 95% (95% CI: 91-97 for both). The etiology of HCL remains unknown. The risk of secondary cancers is high, especially that of another malignant hematologic disorder. This high risk justifies the need for prolonged hematological monitoring. HCL must be distinguished from other HCL-like disorders, including the variant form of HCL (HCL-V) or splenic diffuse red pulp lymphoma (SDRPL), warranting the development of international epidemiologic studies.
Potential Links Between YB-1 and Fatty Acid Synthesis in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma
Authors: MCauley Carter , Anang Vasthy , Cole Breanna , Simmons Glenn
Published: October 2020

According to the National Institutes of Health, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), making up approximately 75% of total renal carcinoma cases. Clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma is characterized by a significant accumulation of lipids in the cytoplasm, which allows light from microscopes to pass through giving them a “clear” phenotype. Many of these lipids are in the form of fatty acids, both free and incorporated into lipid droplets. RCC is typically associated with a poor prognosis due to the lack of specific symptoms. Some symptoms include blood in urine, fever, lump on the side, weight loss, fatigue, to name a few; all of which can be associated with non-specific, non-cancerous, health conditions that contribute to difficult diagnosis. Treatment of RCC has typically been centered around radical nephrectomy as the standard of care, but due to the potentially small size of lesions and the possibility of causing surgically induced chronic kidney disease, treatments have shifted to more cautious, less invasive approaches. These approaches include active surveillance, nephron-sparing surgery, and other minimally invasive techniques like cryotherapy and renal ablation. Although these techniques have had the desired effect of reducing the number of surgeries, there is still considerable potential for renal impairment and the chance that tumors can grow out of control without surgery. With the difficulty that surrounds the treatment of ccRCC and its considerably high mortality rate amongst urological cancers, it is important to look for novel approaches to improve patient outcomes. This review looks at available literature and our data that suggests the lipogenic enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase may be more beneficial to patient survival than once thought. As our understanding of the importance of lipids in cell metabolism and longevity matures, it is important to present new perspectives that present a new understanding of ccRCC and the role of lipids in survival mechanisms engaged by transformed cells during cancer progression. In this review, we provide evidence that pharmacological inhibition of lipid desaturation in renal cancer patients is not without risk, and that the presence of unsaturated fatty acids may be a beneficial factor in patient outcomes. Although more direct experimental evidence is needed to make definitive conclusions, it is clear that the work reviewed herein should challenge our current understanding of cancer biology and may inform novel approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC.
OPTIMIZATION OF BROADBAND MICROWAVE ABSORBER USING GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Pham Van Hai , Vu Minh Tu , Mai Ngoc Van , Pham Van Dien , Tran Manh Cuong
Published: October 2020

In recent years, scientists have been focusing on coding metamaterials absorbers to take full advantage of digital technology. This technology is mostly based on the fact that the absorption spectrum of a full-sized metamaterial varies with the different number and position of the defect elements in conventional unit cells (UCs) in it. However, both of their traditional methods namely simple random sample and combination of fundamental meta-block struggle with the enormous number of possible configurations especially when the number of UCs increases. In this article, we represent 5 configurations with different numbers of UCs, 2x2, 3x3, 4x4, 5x5, and 6x6 UCs, all of which maintain average absorption higher than 90% over a 10 GHz wide frequency range of interest between 17 GHz and 27 GHz. These results are obtained by using a genetic algorithm to generate configurations with higher optical loss through the process. Comparing to the conventional methods' result, our approach has achieved a significant improvement in the absorption spectrum. Furthermore, our methods could be applied to more structures with different sizes and numbers of UCs, thus provided a reliable tool to design practical metamaterials that serve the real work demands.
Measures for developing career orientation capacity for high school students
Authors: Le Thi Duyen
Published: October 2020

The paper proposes measures to develop career-oriented competencies for high school students as following: building a process of developing career-oriented competencies; developing career-oriented competencies for students through organizing career experiences; developing career-oriented competencies for students through organizing career counseling and counseling; developing career-oriented competencies for high school students through a teaching organization that integrates career contents in school curricula. The proposed measures are consistent with the theoretical and practical basis for developing career-oriented competencies for high school students.