bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Adult Population towards Blood Donation in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Melku Mulugeta , Terefe Betelihem , Asrie Fikir , Enawgaw Bamlaku , Melak Tadele , Tsegay Yakob Gebregziabher , Areba Mohamedamin , Shiferaw Elias
Published: July 2016

Background. Though World Health Organization recommends 100% voluntary blood donation, the percentage of blood collected from voluntary blood donors and the average annual blood collection rate are extremely low in Ethiopia. The role of adults is crucial to meet the demand of safe blood. Thus, this study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of adult population towards blood donation in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Method. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 768 adults. Multistage sampling technique together with simple random and systematic random sampling technique was employed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis and bivariate correlation analysis were done. Result. About 436 (56.8%), 630 (82%), and 141 (18.4%) study participants had adequate knowledge, good attitude, and experience of blood donation, respectively. Secondary and higher educational statuses were significantly associated with adequate knowledge towards blood donation. Participants who were protestant by religion were more likely to have good attitude towards blood donation. Age, self-perceived health status, and religion were significantly associated with blood donation practice. Conclusion. Knowledge and attitude towards blood donation are high. However, the level of practice is low. District and national blood banks and transfusion agency should design strategies that promote and motivate the communities to donate blood.
Dynamical Behavior of a Stochastic Delayed One-Predator and Two-Mutualistic-Prey Model with Markovian Switching and Different Functional Responses
Authors: He Rensheng , Xiong Zuoliang , Hong Desheng
Published: July 2016

We propose a stochastic delayed one-predator and two-mutualistic-prey model perturbed by white noise and telegraph noise. By theM-matrix analysis and Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions of stochastic permanence and extinction are established, respectively. These conditions are all dependent on the subsystems’ parameters and the stationary probability distribution of the Markov chain. We also investigate another asymptotic property and finally give two examples and numerical simulations to illustrate main results.
Carotid Space Mass Proximal to Vagus Nerve Causing Asystole and Syncope
Authors: Leviter Julie , Wiznia Daniel H.
Published: July 2016

Manipulation of vagal nerve rootlets, whether surgical or through mass effect of a neoplasm, can result in asystole and hypotension, accompanied by ST depression and right bundle branch block. There are few case reports of a neoplasm causing these effects, and this case describes a patient with such a mass presenting with syncopal episodes. A 43-year-old man with a past medical history of HIV, bipolar disorder, and epilepsy was admitted to the neurology service for a video electroencephalogram (vEEG) to characterize syncopal episodes that were felt to be epileptic in origin. During the study, he experienced symptoms of his typical aura, which correlated with a transient symptomatic high degree AV block on telemetry, and an absence of epileptic findings on vEEG. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain showed a mass in the left posterior carotid space at the skull base. The patient underwent permanent dual chamber MRI-compatible pacemaker placement for his heart block. His syncopal episodes resolved, but presyncopal symptoms persisted. We discuss the presentation and treatment of vagal neoplasms.
Decision-Making Approach to Selecting Optimal Platform of Service Variants
Authors: Modrak Vladimir , Bednar Slavomir , Semanco Pavol
Published: July 2016

Nowadays, it is anticipated that service sector companies will be inspired to follow mass customization trends of industrial sector. However, services are more abstract than products and therefore concepts for mass customization in manufacturing domain cannot be transformed without a methodical change. This paper is focused on the development of a methodological framework to support decisions in a selection of optimal platform of service variants when compatibility problems between service options occurred. The approach is based on mutual relations between waste and constrained design space entropy. For this purpose, software for quantification of constrained and waste design space is developed. Practicability of the methodology is presented on a realistic case.
Rapid Conversion of Mutant IDH1 from Driver to Passenger in a Model of Human Gliomagenesis
Authors: Johannessen Tor-Christian Aase , Mukherjee Joydeep , Viswanath Pavithra , Ohba Shigeo , Ronen Sabrina M. , Bjerkvig Rolf , Pieper Russell O.
Published: July 2016

Missense mutations in the active site of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) biologically and diagnostically distinguish low-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas from primary glioblastomas. IDH1 mutations lead to the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) from the reduction of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), which in turn facilitates tumorigenesis by modifying DNA and histone methylation as well blocking differentiation processes. Although mutant IDH1 expression is thought to drive the gliomagenesis process, the extent to which it remains a viable therapeutic target remains unknown. To address this question, we exposed immortalized (p53/pRb deficient), untransformed human astrocytes to the mutant IDH1 inhibitor AGI-5198 prior to, concomitant with, or at intervals after, introduction of transforming mutant IDH1, then measured effects on 2-HG levels, histone methylation (H3K4me3, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, or H3K27me3), and growth in soft agar. Addition of AGI-5198 prior to, or concomitant with, introduction of mutant IDH1 blocked all mutant IDH1-driven changes, including cellular transformation. Addition at time intervals as short as 4 days following introduction of mutant IDH1 also suppressed 2-HG levels, but had minimal effects on histone methylation, and lost the ability to suppress clonogenicity in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, in two different models of mutant IDH1–driven gliomagenesis, AGI-5198 exposures that abolished production of 2-HG also failed to decrease histone methylation, adherent cell growth, or anchorage-independent growth in soft agar over a prolonged period. These studies show although mutant IDH1 expression drives gliomagenesis, mutant IDH1 itself rapidly converts from driver to passenger.

Implications: Agents that target mutant IDH may be effective for a narrow time and may require further optimization or additional therapeutics in glioma. Mol Cancer Res; 14(10); 976–83. ©2016 AACR.
Celecoxib Alters the Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolome in Association with Reducing Polyp Burden
Authors: Montrose David C. , Zhou Xi Kathy , McNally Erin M. , Sue Erika , Yantiss Rhonda K. , Gross Steven S. , Leve Nitai D. , Karoly Edward D. , Suen Chen S. , Ling Lilan , Benezra Robert , Pamer Eric G. , Dannenberg Andrew J.
Published: July 2016

Treatment with celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, reduces formation of premalignant adenomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and mice. In addition to its chemopreventive activity, celecoxib can exhibit antimicrobial activity. Differing bacterial profiles have been found in feces from colon cancer patients compared with those of normal subjects. Moreover, preclinical studies suggest that bacteria can modulate intestinal tumorigenesis by secreting specific metabolites. In the current study, we determined whether celecoxib treatment altered the luminal microbiota and metabolome in association with reducing intestinal polyp burden in mice. Administration of celecoxib for 10 weeks markedly reduced intestinal polyp burden in APCMin/+ mice. Treatment with celecoxib also altered select luminal bacterial populations in both APCMin/+ and wild-type mice, including decreased Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae as well as increased Coriobacteriaceae. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that celecoxib caused a strong reduction in many fecal metabolites linked to carcinogenesis, including glucose, amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis suggested that these changes in metabolites may contribute to reduced cell proliferation. To this end, we showed that celecoxib reduced cell proliferation in the base of normal appearing ileal and colonic crypts of APCMin/+ mice. Consistent with this finding, lineage tracing indicated that celecoxib treatment reduced the rate at which Lgr5-positive stem cells gave rise to differentiated cell types in the crypts. Taken together, these results demonstrate that celecoxib alters the luminal microbiota and metabolome along with reducing epithelial cell proliferation in mice. We hypothesize that these actions contribute to its chemopreventive activity. Cancer Prev Res; 9(9); 721–31. ©2016 AACR.
Early Biomarkers of Renal Damage in Relation to Arterial Stiffness and Inflammation in Male Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Authors: Paapstel Kaido , Zilmer Mihkel , Eha Jaan , Tootsi Kaspar , Piir Anneli , Kals Jaak
Published: July 2016

Background/Aims: Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) and urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) have emerged as promising biomarkers for both acute and chronic kidney injury that also provide prognostic value for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to evaluate their relationships with arterial stiffness and inflammation in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and in clinically healthy controls. Methods: We studied 52 patients with CAD (age 63.2 ± 9.2 years) and 41 healthy controls (age 60.1 ± 7.2 years). Urinary L-FABP and KIM-1 as well as serum NGAL, adiponectin and resistin levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The technique of applanation tonometry was used for non-invasive pulse wave analysis and pulse wave velocity assessments. Results: Urinary L-FABP and KIM-1 were independent determinants of cf-PWV for the CAD patients (R2=0.584, P<0.001) but not for the controls. Adiponectin correlated with log-KIM-1 (r=0.31, P=0.028) only for the patients, while NGAL correlated with WBC count (rho=0.29, P=0.038; r=0.35, P=0.029) and resistin (rho=0.60, P<0.001; r=0.57, P<0.001) for both the CAD and control groups, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that urinary L-FABP and KIM-1 may be independently associated with aortic stiffness in individuals with CAD.
Photochemotherapy of Cutaneous Graft-versus-Host Disease May Reduce Concomitant Visceral Disease
Authors: Feldreich Nicolas , Ringden Olle , Emtestam Lennart , Omazic Brigitta
Published: July 2016

Background: Photochemotherapy may be used to treat cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Animal models show that in the days after photochemotherapy and antigen provocation, cells with an antigen-specific suppressive phenotype are elicited in the lymphoid organs. In GvHD, host antigens are present not only in the skin treated by photochemotherapy but also in the visceral tissues. Objective: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect on visceral acute GvHD (aGvHD) of photochemotherapy of the skin. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 33 patients with aGvHD of the skin, the liver, and/or the gastrointestinal tract treated with photochemotherapy for their aGvHD of the skin and did a long-term follow-up of 10 years on survival. Results: The complete response (CR) to photochemotherapy was 39%, the complete and partial response was 64% and the 6-month survival was 64%. Total body irradiation (TBI) before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation predisposed for CR of aGvHD of the liver and the gastrointestinal tract (p = 0.045). In the TBI group, the accumulated dose (numbers of treatments) for CR of visceral aGvHD increased with the body surface area affected by disease, from 8 (min-max: 5-14) for skin disease stage 1 to 10.5 (6-33) for stage 2 and 13 (11-21) for stage 3 (p = 0.04). Skin disease stage 1 showed a trend to be associated with CR in visceral disease at 28, 56, and 100 days (p = 0.07). Overall CR in visceral disease predicted a better 10-year overall survival (p = 0.0036). Finally, after TBI aGvHD of the gastrointestinal tract without anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), clearance of T cells and dendritic cells responded better than aGvHD of the liver and aGvHD of the gastrointestinal tract with ATG (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Photochemotherapy after ionizing irradiation regulates the cell-mediated immunity in the viscera, and the systemic efficacy increases when the skin itself is less affected by disease. ATG modulates the regulatory effect of the gastrointestinal tract.
A Risk Score for the Prediction of Neurocognitive Disorders among Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Rawtaer Iris , Feng Lei , Yuen Vanessa Hew Kuan , Li Jialiang , Chong Mei Sian , Lim Wee Shiong , Lee Tih-Shih , Qiu Chengxuan , Feng Liang , Kua Ee Heok , Ng Tze Pin
Published: July 2016

Background: Several risk scores have been developed for predicting cognitive impairment and dementia, but none have been validated in Asian samples. We aimed to produce a risk score that best predicts incident neurocognitive disorder (NCD) among Chinese elderly and to validate this score against the modified risk score derived from the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) study. Methods: Data from participants enrolled in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study (SLAS) 1 were analyzed. A total of 957 participants >55 years of age with normal cognition at baseline were included. Incident cases of NCD were measured using the global Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and determined by a consensus panel. Results: The best prediction model from SLAS included age, gender, education, depression, heart disease, social and productive activities and Mini-Mental State Examination score. This model predicted the short-term risk of incident NCD in elderly participants moderately well, with a C statistic (area under the curve) of 0.72. Modified CAIDE models applied to our sample had a C statistic of 0.71. Conclusion: Our risk score performs as well as other available risk scores. It is the only risk score formulated for ethnic Chinese, rendering it valuable for clinical use in Asia; at-risk individuals can be identified for early intervention.
Limits of and Complications after Embolization of the Hepatic Artery and Portal Vein to Induce Segmental Hypertrophy of the Liver: A Large Mini-Pig Study
Authors: Heits Nils , Mueller Lars , Koops Andreas , Koops Susan , Herrmann Jochen , Hendricks Alexander , Kabar Iyad , Arlt Alexander , Braun Felix , Becker Thomas , Wilms Christian
Published: July 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to compare arterial embolization (AE) with portal vein embolization (PVE) for the induction of segmental hypertrophy regarding procedural efficacy, safety and outcome. Methods: A total of 29 mini pigs were subjected to PVE, AE or assigned to the sham (SO) group. Correspondingly, 75% of the hepatic artery or portal vein branches were embolized. Growth and atrophy of the liver lobes, calculating the liver-to-body weight index (LBWI), laboratory data, arteriography, portography, Doppler ultrasound (US) and histopathology were analyzed. Results: After PVE, 2 animals had to be excluded due to technical problems. After AE, 4 animals had to be excluded because of technical problems and early sacrifice. Postprocedural US demonstrated effective AE and PVE of the respective lobes. Four weeks after PVE, portography showed a slow refilling of the embolized lobe by collateral portal venous vessels. Four weeks after AE, arteriography revealed a slight revascularization of the embolized lobes by arterial neovascularization. Segmental AE led to extensive necrotic and inflammatory alterations in the liver and bile duct parenchyma. Significant hypertrophy of the non-embolized lobe was only noted in the PVE group (LBWI: 0.91 ± 0.28%; p = 0.001). There was no increase in the non-embolized lobe in the AE (LBWI: 0.45 ± 0.087%) and SO group (LBWI: 0.45 ± 0.13%). Conclusion: PVE is safe and effective to induce segmental hypertrophy. Portal reperfusion by collateral vessels may limit hypertrophy. AE did not increase the segmental hepatic volume but carries the risk of extensive necrotic inflammatory damage.
A New Gender-Specific Formula to Estimate 24-Hour Urine Protein from Protein to Creatinine Ratio
Authors: Marco Mayayo Maria-Paz , Martinez Alonso Montserrat , Valdivielso Revilla Jose M. , Fernández-Giráldez Elvira
Published: July 2016

Background: The quantification of proteinuria with the protein to creatinine ratio (PCR) is influenced by the excretion of creatinine, which, in turn, varies according to muscle mass and hence, to gender. Aims: To assess the difference between urine PCR and 24-hour urine proteinuria in men and women and to provide a formula to overcome bias caused by gender. Methods: Four hundred and forty four CKD patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: 70% were used to develop the models, while the remaining 30% were reserved to validate the formula. Epidemiological data were analyzed with chi-square and Student's t tests. Association between 24-hour proteinuria and PCR was studied with Spearman coefficient in men and women separately. Multivariate analysis was used to find variables predictive of disagreement between the 24-hour urine protein and the PCR. Equations to predict 24-hour proteinuria from PCR for men and women were plotted and validated. Results: Disagreement between 24-hour proteinuria and PCR was more pronounced in men (2.16 and 1.64 g in mean, respectively) than in women (2.00 and 2.06 g in mean, respectively). Age and gender were independent predictors of disagreement. Gender-specific equations for predicting 24-hour proteinuria were: males: 24-hour proteinuria = 1.3350*exp0.9108*ln(PCR); females: 24-hour proteinuria = 1.0068*exp0.9030*ln(PCR). Conclusions: Estimation of proteinuria with the PCR improves accuracy if gender-specific equations are used. Use of the PCR without correction for gender leads to the underestimation of proteinuria in men and overestimation in women.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in Direct Puncture Technique: When, Why and How?
Authors: Schaefer Hartmut , Vivaldi Carlo , Herbold Till , Brinkmann Sebastian , Maus Martin , Bludau Marc , Töx Ulrich , Goeser Tobias , Hoelscher Arnulf H. , Leers Jessica M.
Published: July 2016

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placed in the pull through (PT) technique is a common procedure to restore enteral feeding in patients with swallowing disorders. Limitations of this technique are patients with obstruction of the pharynx or esophagus or with an esophageal stent. We report our experience with the direct puncture (DP) PEG device. Methods: We included 154 patients (55 women). One hundred forty patients had cancer. After passing the endoscope into the stomach, 4 gastropexies were performed with a gastropexy device and the PEG was placed with the introducer method. After 1 month, the sutures were removed and a constant gastrocutaneous fistula had been created and the new catheter could be placed safely. Results: The DP PEG was successfully placed in all patients. Overall complication rate was 11% (minor: 6%, major: 5%). The most common event was tube dislocation (40 cases). In 5 cases of dislocation, this resulted in a major complication with injuring the gastric wall and the necessity for surgical treatment. Conclusions: The DP PEG system is safe, and can be used in cases in which a standard PT PEG is not feasible. To avoid dislocation, strict adherence to a post-interventional protocol is highly recommended.
Primary Orbital Cystic Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Authors: Mudhar Hardeep Singh , Nuruddin Murtuza , Roy Soma
Published: July 2016

Purpose: To describe the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of a highly unusual primary orbital glioma. Procedures: A 6-year-old female presented with right-sided proptosis that revealed a well-defined intraconal mass on CT imaging with intact orbital bony walls. During the removal of the lesion, it dissected away freely from the muscles and was separated from the optic nerve and globe. There was no communication with the brain. Results: Histology showed histological features highly favouring a pilocytic astrocytoma enveloped by meninges. No non-neoplastic brain tissue was identified. Conclusion: This is the first documentation of a primary orbital pilocytic astrocytoma not anatomically connected with the brain. We speculate that the tumour had arisen from developmental brain heterotopia.
A melancolia: entre o somático e o psíquico
Authors: Naves José Otávio de Vasconcellos , Féres-Carneiro Terezinha
Published: July 2016

O artigo procura diferenciar, inicialmente, alguns aspectos mais evidentes da melancolia e o cerne de sua construção como sintoma. Vários autores acreditam que suas manifesta ções seriam mais variadas e extensas do que podem deixar transparecer em uma primeira abordagem. A melancolia, assim pensada, estaria situada entre o somático e o psíquico, no vértice da filog ênese que repete a ontogênese. Essa estreita passagem onde o melancólico se situa transforma sua clínica e dificulta- a, uma vez que favorece, na transferência, alguns aspectos complexos para o seu manejo.
Sobre o final da análise com crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Kupermann Daniel
Published: July 2016

Pretende-se, neste ensaio, uma reflexão acerca dos problemas concernentes ao final da análise com crianças e adolescentes. Através de um percurso histórico abordando algumas das principais contribuições para a psicanálise infanto-juvenil, com destaque para as idéias de D. W. Winnicott, sugere-se que tanto o brincar, compartilhado com a criança, quanto acompanhar, com humor, a luta do adolescente apontam na direção da “capacidade para estar só”.
O brincar como operação de escrita
Authors: Vorcaro Angela , Veras Viviane
Published: July 2016

Retomam-se as propriedades lingüísticas do brincar nas quais a criança destaca-se sujeito para abordar a singularidade da operação de transposição da experiência para o registro da encenação. Tal transposição permite apontar a operação de escrita, inscrita no brincar, por meio da análise das relações entre a noção freudiana de figurabilidade e a encenação lúdica. Formula-se então a hipótese de que a encenação do brincar é operação de escrita posto que seus traços se oferecem para ser lidos, mesmo que não sejam, de todo, legíveis. As conseqüências dessa constatação para a direção do tratamento de crianças legitimam a intervenção no brincar da criança como ato que pode restituir sua potência simbólica, nas graves psicopatologias.
Relações entre letra e escrita nas produções em psicanálise
Authors: Costa Ana
Published: July 2016

Este artigo situa as condições da transmissão da psicanálise no tema da letra, suas diferentes apresentações, segundo tempos e clínicas. Assim, para encontrar pontos que permitam seus enlaces, são percorridos alguns caminhos trilhados por Freud e Lacan. Essas diferentes circunscrições buscam sua articulação ao tema da escrita. Tanto a clínica freudiana, quanto a clínica lacaniana produziram seus fundamentos buscando suas bases nesses temas.
Considerações sobre a interpretação de escritas sintomáticas de crianças
Authors: Lier-De Vitto Maria Francisca , Andrade Lourdes
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho problematiza a concepção de escrita como representação da fala, posição teórica que prevalece no tratamento de crianças com problemas de leitura e escrita. Apresenta, também, uma abordagem alternativa que considera, na interpretação da relação criança-escrita, a incidência do funcionamento da linguagem. Discute, ainda, com base em materiais de sessões clínicas, implicações/ efeitos dessa mudança de paradigma na movimentação de algumas questões centrais para o atendimento na Clínica de Linguagem como, por exemplo, a relação oralidade- escrita.
A escrita do que se perde
Authors: Carvalho Jeanne D'Arc
Published: July 2016

O artigo aborda uma concepção do saber e do conhecimento extraída da teoria psicanalítica que afirma que a curiosidade intelectual deriva da curiosidade sexual. O saber que daí advém organiza-se em torno de uma falta que a estrutura de linguagem comporta, um 'saber em fracasso'. Considerando a inibição intelectual, um dos destinos do fracasso das pesquisas infantis, teoriza-se a escrita como uma operação que faz 'ato de separação' do Outro, assim como o efeito de uma perda.
TRÊS TEMPOS DE LEITURA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA EM FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO CONTEXTO DA INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Scherer Larissa Costa Beber
Published: July 2016

Diante dos (des)encontros entre o professor e os alunos da inclusão, apostamos em um caminho em que o fazer docente decanta de uma certa artesania de ler. A leitura realiza-se em três tempos e posições: encontra-se com a desarmonia imobilizante que conduz a uma leitura cientificista; transita pelo enfrentamento do estranho e chega à leitura desconstruída e descontínua, que permite a constituição de práticas pedagógicas. Este artigo aborda uma experiência realizada entre 2006 e 2012 com um grupo de professores, em que se analisou especialmente o enunciado de um professor em relação ao seu aluno.
A amamentação e o desmame no processo de tornar-se pai
Authors: Cherer Evandro De Quadros , Ferrari Andrea Gabriela , Piccinini Cesar Augusto
Published: July 2016

Este estudo investigou os aspectos subjetivos paternos frente à amamentação e o desmame. Para tanto, um pai primíparo foi entrevistado no 6 o e 20 o mês de vida da filha. Os relatos do pai revelaram que ele rivalizava com sua filha pelo desejo de sua esposa. Simultaneamente, havia uma rivalidade entre o pai e sua esposa pelo bebê, aspectos esses associados à história paterna. Os relatos sugerem que, no processo de tornar-se pai, a amamentação e o desmame também ganham destaque, pois a amamentação pode estar associada à relação corporal mãe-bebê e às dificuldades experienciadas pelo homem enquanto terceiro.
Relação ensino-aprendizagem e a impossibilidade da educação
Authors: Anacleto Julia Maria Borges
Published: July 2016

O artigo põe em questão o discurso pedagógico hegemônico e sua busca por uma adequação do ensino à "realidade do aluno" a fim de garantir a aprendizagem, realidade essa apresentada ora como cognitiva, ora como social, e, ainda, como afetiva. Visando sustentar a aprendizagem como efeito de um (des)encontro entre o mestre e o aprendiz, recorre-se à psicanálise como discurso capaz não de reiterar a ilusão de adequação (como se constata em diversas tentativas de aplicação da psicanálise à educação), mas no sentido de afirmar o caráter impossível do educar e, com isso, paradoxalmente, instigar o professor a não renunciar à educação.
O setting suficientemente bom e o manejo clínico na psicoterapia infantil: relato de caso
Authors: Höfig Julia Archangelo Guimarães , Zanetti Sandra Aparecida Serra
Published: July 2016

A técnica do atendimento infantil pode ser estudada a partir do pensamento de Winnicott e de sua forma peculiar de conduzir determinados casos nos quais percebeu que a interpretação encontrava-se ineficaz. Para esses casos, o autor propôs um novo tipo de manejo e condução das sessões e ressaltou a importância da estabilidade do setting para o desenvolvimento emocional. O principal objetivo deste artigo é ilustrar e ampliar a discussão do tema por meio da apresentação de um caso clínico infantil, no qual pudemos identificar a necessidade dessa postura diferenciada do terapeuta para o resultado do tratamento.
O caso Hans e a educação psicanaliticamente orientada: leitura crítica de uma experiência inaugural
Authors: Pinto Paula Julianna Chaves , Lima Maria Celina Peixoto
Published: July 2016

Este artigo consiste na releitura do caso clínico do pequeno Hans, problematizando acerca da dificuldade presente na tarefa de educar e tratar simultaneamente uma criança. Mesmo reconhecendo a importância desse estudo para o desenvolvimento da teoria freudiana sobre a sexualidade infantil, nossa discussão recairá sobre o que compreendemos como função "educativa" exercida por Max Graf. Considerando esse caso como uma experiência que inaugura a proposta freudiana de 1933 sobre uma educação psicanaliticamente orientada, conclui-se que, ocupado na função de analista/educador do próprio filho, Graf acaba permitindo o acesso absoluto de Hans à mãe, acentuando seu fracasso enquanto agente da castração.
Atender cuidar e prevenir: A creche, a educacao e a psicanalise
Authors: Mariotto Rosa Maria Marini
Published: July 2016

Este artigo procura estabelecer uma interlocução entre a psicanálise e a educação no contexto da creche, a partir da experiência de supervisão acadêmica e pesquisa. Tomando como eixo central a trilogia Atender-Cuidar-Prevenir, busca refletir sobre o ato educativo na perspectiva psicanalítica no que se refere à educação infantil.
Deficiêcias:Um novo olhar. Contribuições a partir da psicanálise winnicottiana
Authors: Amiralian Maria Lucia de Toledo Moraes
Published: July 2016

A deficiência é uma problemática que tem levado cada vez mais psicólogos a se interessar pela área e contribuído para importantes debates em relação ao tema. Compreender o desenvolvimento dessas pessoas a partir dos pressupostos winnicottianos tem propiciado importantes modificações em seu atendimento. Trabalhos realizados sob esse enfoque mostram elementos fundamentais a serem considerados: a) a compreensão da constituição do ser humano como uma interação recíproca entre um organismo biológico e o ambiente que o sustenta, b) o entendimento da deficiência como uma condição fundamental na constituição dos indivíduos que a têm, e não um acessório a ser corrigido, c) a percepção das vicissitudes a que estão expostas essas pessoas
Mídia comunitária e novas construções periféricas sociais no Brasil
Authors: Martins Rosana
Published: July 2016

O presente ensaio visa analisar a articulação teórica em torno dosconceitos de representação, esfera da visibilidade e reconhecimento social, afim de retratar o nomeado “cinema de periferia”, suas instâncias de produção edifusão. Procuro identificar a importância dada à conquista de espaços em termosde visibilidade e a postura dos coletivos periféricos, emergindo numa conjunturasocial cada vez mais atravessada por uma multifacetada gama de ambivalênciascircunscritas na metrópole como centro de difusão e consumo de imagináriosculturais, no contexto de uma sociedade marcada por rupturas no sentido daracionalidade humana embrutecida pelo capital.
Mídia, políticas públicas e identidades: guerras ontológicas e comércio cultural no universo quilombola
Authors: Cunha Ana Stela De Almeida
Published: July 2016

Neste texto discutirei de que forma a implementação de políticas públicas na área cultural têm transformado comunidades e associações, apontando algumas reflexões para as relações entre o mercado cultural e as comunidades que chamarei de ‘tradicionais’ (neste caso específico, as comunidades ‘quilombolas’) bem como o papel tanto do Estado quanto das empresas e da sociedade civil neste contexto. Vou abordar, portanto, o que chamarei de ‘guerra ontológica’ entre dois universos que, inicialmente são/estão antagónicos nesta arena que inclui produção cultural, património imaterial, movimentos sociais, mercado.
Internet e Redes Migratórias Transnacionais: Narrativas da Diáspora sobre o Brasil como país de Imigração
Authors: Cogo Denise
Published: July 2016

O texto tem como objetivo analisar o surgimento de iniciativas de apropriações e usos da internet por parte dos novos grupos migratórios, que, a partir de 2008, escolhem o Brasil como destino migratório. A partir do campo conceitual da comunicação, migrações transnacionais, redes e cidadania, analisamos as narrativas de dois grupos e um perfil do site de rede social Facebook - criados, administrados e frequentados por espanhóis, portugueses e haitianos – para refletir como esses imigrantes constituem espaços de interação para um “falar de si”, de suas experiências migratórias e de seus processos de cidadania. Evidenciamos, na análise, usos da internet orientados à mobilização de redes de sociabilidade e apoio para o planejamento dos projetos migratórios, o enfrentamento das políticas migratórias brasileiras e a recriação multiterritorial da experiência da diáspora.
Devoções
Authors: Rosa Jorge Martins
Published: July 2016

A Internet vive de paixões: aí pode encontrar-se de tudo porque há sempre quem esteja disposto, de forma voluntária e sem fins lucrativos, a partilhar hobbies e obsessões. Mesmo nos interesses mais obscuros, devido ao efeito de escala, pode encontrar-se um vasto conjunto de outros indivíduos com preferências coincidentes, ora transvasando fronteiras nacionais, ora mantendo a especificidade local. Nos grupos do Facebook também este fenómeno está presente, e o facto de ser a rede social dominante constitui-o como local privilegiado para uma análise (n)etnográfica. É a proposta deste texto, que toma como estudo de caso um grupo, predominantemente português, cujo nome poderia ser confundido com o de uma seita religiosa se não fosse óbvia a ironia, e onde os membros são incentivados, a partir de um tema que muda diariamente, a mostrar os seus conhecimentos da música rock-pop contemporânea.
Os elementos narrativos simbólicos dos contos de fadas nos jingles infantis
Authors: Vargas Herom , Polistchuk Danuza Pessoa
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo, buscou-se identificar os elementos narrativos simbólicos dos contos de fadas, com base naqueles estudados por V. Propp, nas letras e nos textos musicais de cinco jingles infantis. A análise musical observou se as emoções sugeridas pelo texto sonoro, conforme P.N. Juslin, reforçam a temática das letras. Outra teoria usada foi a Semiótica da Cultura, especificamente I. Lotman, no que se refere às funções do texto e à modelização como estratégia de inovação.
Circulação e Consumo da Telenovela Salve Jorge: O Caso de Maria Vanúbia no Twitter
Authors: Depexe Sandra
Published: July 2016

Com o objetivo de refletir sobre o consumo simultâneo de televisão e do Twitter, o texto articula a análise de discurso peuchetiana com a sociologia bourdiana para captar o funcionamento do imaginário: os modos pelos quais uma personagem é apresentada na telenovela e discursivisada pelo público/audiência no Twitter. Como elemento constitutivo do corpus de pesquisa selecionamos comentários sobre a telenovela Salve Jorge (Rede Globo 2012/2013) que mencionavam a personagem Maria Vanúbia, papel da atriz Roberta Rodrigues. Como resultado, avaliamos que o sucesso alcançado pela personagem no Twitter é atravessado pela distinção de classe.
Jogos de amor e de espectador
Authors: Amaral Carolina Oliveira do
Published: July 2016

A aproximação da ideia de narrativa e jogo proposta por Iser é referenciadapelo texto que tensiona outra relação já antiga: a de amor e jogo. O objetivo é aanálise de comédias românticas contemporâneas, um gênero popular que comfrequência se utiliza de triângulos amorosos como trama. Tendo a triangulaçãoautor-texto-leitor interconectada num jogo, é trazida a triangulação de narrativasromânticas que se coloca também em jogo com o leitor. Por fim, analisa-se o filmeCasa comigo (Leap Year, 2010) para entrelaçar as questões levantadas.
Construção Ficcional e Fendas Documentais em Ventos de Agosto
Authors: Sousa Eduardo Paschoal de
Published: July 2016

Este artigo reflete sobre os vários planos narrativos no longa Ventos de Agosto (Gabriel Mascaro, 2014) e como a diegése ficcional é interrompida por imagens sensivelmente documentais, representando uma ruptura em sua cadência narrativa. Para isso, analisa algumas operações necessárias à ficção clássica em um discurso cinematográfico - como a figurativização, o apagamento do suporte e a criação diegética - e de que forma elas não se concretizam em muitos momentos do filme, em que há uma aproximação às características que tendem ao documental. Por fim, busca compreender a obra como um discurso híbrido, resultado de um entremeio narrativo.
Apresentação - Volume 5 Nº 1
Authors: Vicente Eduardo
Published: July 2016

apresentação da edição V5/N1 da revista.
LNK/SH2B3 Loss of Function Promotes Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
Authors: Wang Wei , Tang Yang , Wang Ying , Tascau Liana , Balcerek Joanna , Tong Wei , Levine Ross L. , Welch Carrie , Tall Alan R. , Wang Nan
Published: July 2016

Rationale:

Human genome-wide association studies have revealed novel genetic loci that are associated with coronary heart disease. One such locus resides in
LNK/SH2B3
, which in mice is expressed in hematopoietic cells and suppresses thrombopoietin signaling via its receptor myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene. However, the mechanisms underlying the association of
LNK
single-nucleotide polymorphisms with coronary heart disease are poorly understood.

Objective:

To understand the functional effects of
LNK
single-nucleotide polymorphisms and explore the mechanisms whereby LNK loss of function impacts atherosclerosis and thrombosis.

Methods and Results:

Using human cord blood, we show that the common TT risk genotype (R262W) of
LNK
is associated with expansion of hematopoietic stem cells and enhanced megakaryopoiesis, demonstrating reduced LNK function and increased myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene signaling. In mice, hematopoietic
Lnk
deficiency leads to accelerated arterial thrombosis and atherosclerosis, but only in the setting of hypercholesterolemia. Hypercholesterolemia acts synergistically with LNK deficiency to increase interleukin 3/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor signaling in bone marrow myeloid progenitors, whereas in platelets cholesterol loading combines with Lnk deficiency to increase activation. Platelet LNK deficiency increases myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene signaling and AKT activation, whereas cholesterol loading decreases SHIP-1 phosphorylation, acting convergently to increase AKT and platelet activation. Together with increased myelopoiesis, platelet activation promotes prothrombotic and proatherogenic platelet/leukocyte aggregate formation.

Conclusions:

LNK (R262W) is a loss-of-function variant that promotes thrombopoietin/myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene signaling and platelet and leukocyte production. In mice, LNK deficiency is associated with both increased platelet production and activation. Hypercholesterolemia acts in platelets and hematopoietic progenitors to exacerbate thrombosis and atherosclerosis associated with LNK deficiency.
Higher Visit-to-Visit Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Variability Is Associated With Lower Cognitive Performance, Lower Cerebral Blood Flow, and Greater White Matter Hyperintensity Load in Older Subjects
Authors: Smit Roelof A.J. , Trompet Stella , Sabayan Behnam , le Cessie Saskia , van der Grond Jeroen , van Buchem Mark A. , de Craen Anton J.M. , Jukema J. Wouter
Published: July 2016

Background:

Recently, it was shown that intraindividual variation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) predicts both cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. We aimed to examine whether this extends to cognitive function and examined possible pathways using a magnetic resonance imaging substudy.

Methods:

We investigated the association between LDL-C variability and 4 cognitive domains at month 30 in 4428 participants of PROSPER (PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk). Additionally, we assessed the association of LDL-C variability with neuroimaging outcomes in a subset of 535 participants. LDL-C variability was defined as the intraindividual standard deviation over 4 postbaseline LDL-C measurements, and all analyses were adjusted for mean LDL-C levels and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results:

Higher LDL-C variability was associated with lower cognitive function in both the placebo and pravastatin treatment arms. Associations were present for selective attention (
P
=0.017 and
P
=0.11, respectively), processing speed (
P
=0.20 and
P
=0.029), and memory (immediate recall,
P
=0.002 and
P
=0.006; delayed recall,
P
=0.001 and
P
≤0.001). Furthermore, higher LDL-C variability was associated with lower cerebral blood flow in both trial arms (
P
=0.031 and
P
=0.050) and with greater white matter hyperintensity load in the pravastatin arm (
P
=0.046). No evidence was found for interaction between LDL-C variability and pravastatin treatment for both cognitive and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes.

Conclusions:

We found that higher visit-to-visit variability in LDL-C, independently of mean LDL-C levels and statin treatment, is associated with lower cognitive performance, lower cerebral blood flow, and greater white matter hyperintensity load.
CD28/B7 Deficiency Attenuates Systolic Overload-Induced Congestive Heart Failure, Myocardial and Pulmonary Inflammation, and Activated T Cell Accumulation in the Heart and Lungs
Authors: Wang Huan , Kwak Dongmin , Fassett John , Hou Lei , Xu Xin , Burbach Brandon J. , Thenappan Thenappan , Xu Yawei , Ge Jun-bo , Shimizu Yoji , Bache Robert J. , Chen Yingjie
Published: July 2016

The inflammatory response regulates congestive heart failure (CHF) development. T cell activation plays an important role in tissue inflammation. We postulate that CD28 or B7 deficiency inhibits T cell activation and attenuates CHF development by reducing systemic, cardiac, and pulmonary inflammation. We demonstrated that chronic pressure overload–induced end-stage CHF in mice is characterized by profound accumulation of activated effector T cells (CD3
+
CD44
high
cells) in the lungs and a mild but significant increase of these cells in the heart. In knockout mice lacking either CD28 or B7, there was a dramatic reduction in the accumulation of activated effector T cells in both hearts and lungs of mice under control conditions and after transverse aortic constriction. CD28 or B7 knockout significantly attenuated transverse aortic constriction–induced CHF development, as indicated by less increase of heart and lung weight and less reduction of left ventricle contractility. CD28 or B7 knockout also significantly reduced transverse aortic constriction–induced CD45
+
leukocyte, T cell, and macrophage infiltration in hearts and lungs, lowered proinflammatory cytokine expression (such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) in lungs. Furthermore, CD28/B7 blockade by CTLA4-Ig treatment (250 μg/mouse every 3 days) attenuated transverse aortic constriction–induced T cell activation, left ventricle hypertrophy, and left ventricle dysfunction. Our data indicate that CD28/B7 deficiency inhibits activated effector T cell accumulation, reduces myocardial and pulmonary inflammation, and attenuates the development of CHF. Our findings suggest that strategies targeting T cell activation may be useful in treating CHF.
Performance of Eleven Simplified Methods for the Identification of Elevated Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ma Chuanwei , Kelishadi Roya , Hong Young Mi , Bovet Pascal , Khadilkar Anuradha , Nawarycz Tadeusz , Krzywińska-Wiewiorowska Małgorzata , Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer , Zong Xin’nan , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Kim Hae Soon , Khadilkar Vaman , Krzyżaniak Alicja , Ben Romdhane Habiba , Heshmat Ramin , Chiplonkar Shashi , Stawińska-Witoszyńska Barbara , El Ati Jalila , Qorbani Mostafa , Kajale Neha , Traissac Pierre , Ostrowska-Nawarycz Lidia , Ardalan Gelayol , Parthasarathy Lavanya , Zhao Min , Xi Bo
Published: July 2016

The identification of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents relies on complex percentile tables. The present study compares the performance of 11 simplified methods for assessing elevated or high BP in children and adolescents using individual-level data from 7 countries. Data on BP were available for a total of 58 899 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years from 7 national surveys in China, India, Iran, Korea, Poland, Tunisia, and the United States. Performance of the simplified methods for screening elevated or high BP was assessed with receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. When pooling individual data from the 7 countries, all 11 simplified methods performed well in screening high BP, with high area under the curve values (0.84–0.98), high sensitivity (0.69–1.00), high specificity (0.87–1.00), and high negative predictive values (≥0.98). However, positive predictive value was low for most simplified methods, but reached ≈0.90 for each of the 3 methods, including sex- and age-specific BP references (at the 95th percentile of height), the formula for BP references (at the 95th percentile of height), and the simplified method relying on a child’s absolute height. These findings were found independently of sex, age, and geographical location. Similar results were found for simplified methods for screening elevated BP. In conclusion, all 11 simplified methods performed well for identifying high or elevated BP in children and adolescents, but 3 methods performed best and may be most useful for screening purposes.
Spironolactone Prevents Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Uncoupling and Vascular Dysfunction Induced by β-Adrenergic Overstimulation
Authors: Victorio Jamaira A. , Clerici Stefano P. , Palacios Roberto , Alonso María J. , Vassallo Dalton V. , Jaffe Iris Z. , Rossoni Luciana V. , Davel Ana P.
Published: July 2016

Sustained stimulation of β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) and activation of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system are common features of cardiovascular diseases with rising sympathetic activation, including essential hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. In this study, we investigated the role of AT1 receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the vascular alterations caused by β-AR overstimulation. β-AR overstimulation with associated cardiac hypertrophy and increased vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine in aorta were modeled in rats by 7-day isoproterenol treatment. The increased vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine in this model was blunted by the MR antagonist spironolactone, but not by the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, despite the blunting of cardiac hypertrophy with both drugs. Spironolactone, but not losartan, restored NO bioavailability in association with lower endothelial nitric oxide synthase–derived superoxide production, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase dimerization, and aortic HSP90 upregulation. MR genomic and nongenomic functions were activated in aortas from isoproterenol-treated rats. Isoproterenol did not modify plasma levels of MR ligands aldosterone and corticosterone but rather increased perivascular adipose tissue–derived corticosterone in association with increased expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. The anticontractile effect of aortic perivascular adipose tissue was impaired by β-AR overstimulation and restored by MR blockade. These results suggest that activation of vascular MR signaling contributes to the vascular dysfunction induced by β-AR overstimulation associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling. These findings reveal an additional explanation for the protective effects of MR antagonists in cardiovascular disorders with sympathetic activation.
Forecasting Conditional Probabilities of Binary Outcomes under Misspecification
Authors: Elliott Graham , Ghanem Dalia , Krüger Fabian
Published: July 2016

We consider constructing probability forecasts from a parametric binary choice model under a large family of loss functions (“scoring rules”). Scoring rules are weighted averages over the utilities that heterogeneous decision makers derive from a publicly announced forecast (Schervish, 1989). Using analytical and numerical examples, we illustrate howdifferent scoring rules yield asymptotically identical results if the model is correctly specified. Under misspecification, the choice of scoring rule may be inconsequential under restrictive symmetry conditions on the data-generating process. If these conditions are violated, typically the choice of a scoring rule favors some decision makers over others.