bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Fatigue Detection System Based on 3D CNNs and Ensemble Models
Authors: Sedik Ahmed , Marey Mohamed , Mostafa Hala
Published: June 2023

Due to the widespread issue of road accidents, researchers have been drawn to investigate strategies to prevent them. One major contributing factor to these accidents is driver fatigue resulting from exhaustion. Various approaches have been explored to address this issue, with machine and deep learning proving to be effective in processing images and videos to detect asymmetric signs of fatigue, such as yawning, facial characteristics, and eye closure. This study proposes a multistage system utilizing machine and deep learning techniques. The first stage is designed to detect asymmetric states, including tiredness and non-vigilance as well as yawning. The second stage is focused on detecting eye closure. The machine learning approach employs several algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF). Meanwhile, the deep learning approach utilizes 2D and 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The architectures of proposed deep learning models are designed after several trials, and their parameters have been selected to achieve optimal performance. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is evaluated using video and image datasets, where the video dataset is classified into three states: alert, tired, and non-vigilant, while the image dataset is classified based on four facial symptoms, including open or closed eyes and yawning. A more robust system is achieved by combining the image and video datasets, resulting in multiple classes for detection. Simulation results demonstrate that the 3D CNN proposed in this study outperforms the other methods, with detection accuracies of 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent for the image, video, and mixed datasets, respectively. Notably, this achievement surpasses the highest accuracy of 97 percent found in the literature, suggesting that the proposed methods for detecting drowsiness are indeed effective solutions.
Solving Fractional Order Differential Equations by Using Fractional Radial Basis Function Neural Network
Authors: Javadi Rana , Mesgarani Hamid , Nikan Omid , Avazzadeh Zakieh
Published: June 2023

Fractional differential equations (FDEs) arising in engineering and other sciences describe nature sufficiently in terms of symmetry properties. This paper proposes a numerical technique to approximate ordinary fractional initial value problems by applying fractional radial basis function neural network. The fractional derivative used in the method is considered Riemann-Liouville type. This method is simple to implement and approximates the solution of any arbitrary point inside or outside the domain after training the ANN model. Finally, three examples are presented to show the validity and applicability of the method.
An Extension of Sylvester’s Theorem on Arithmetic Progressions
Authors: Munagi Augustine O. , de Vega Francisco Javier de
Published: June 2023

Sylvester’s theorem states that every number can be decomposed into a sum of consecutive positive integers except powers of 2. In a way, this theorem characterizes the partitions of a number as a sum of consecutive integers. The first generalization we propose of the theorem characterizes the partitions of a number as a sum of arithmetic progressions with positive terms. In addition to synthesizing and rediscovering known results, the method we propose allows us to state a second generalization and characterize the partitions of a number into parts whose differences between consecutive parts form an arithmetic progression. To achieve this, we will analyze the set of divisors in arithmetics that modify the usual definition of the multiplication operation between two integers. As we will see, symmetries arise in the set of divisors based on two parameters: t1, being even or odd, and t2, congruent to 0, 1, or 2 (mod 3). This approach also leads to a unique representation result of the same nature as Sylvester’s theorem, i.e., a power of 3 cannot be represented as a sum of three or more terms of a positive integer sequence such that the differences between consecutive terms are consecutive integers.
The Discrete Exponentiated-Chen Model and Its Applications
Authors: Alotaibi Refah , Rezk Hoda , Park Chanseok , Elshahhat Ahmed
Published: June 2023

A novel discrete exponentiated Chen (DEC) distribution, which is a subset of the continuous exponentiated Chen distribution, is proposed. The offered model is more adaptable to analyzing a wide range of data than traditional and recently published models. Several important statistical and reliability characteristics of the DEC model are introduced. In the presence of Type-II censored data, the maximum likelihood and asymptotic confidence interval estimators of the model parameters are acquired. Two various bootstrapping estimators of the DEC parameters are also obtained. To examine the efficacy of the adopted methods, several simulations are implemented. To further clarify the offered model in the life scenario, the two applications, based on the number of vehicle fatalities in South Carolina in 2012 and the final exam marks in 2004 at the Indian Institute of Technology at Kanpur, are analyzed. The analysis findings showed that the DEC model is the most effective model for fitting the supplied data sets compared to eleven well-known models in literature, including: Poisson, geometric, negative binomial, discrete-Weibull, discrete Burr Type XII, discrete generalized exponential, discrete-gamma, discrete Burr Hatke, discrete Nadarajah-Haghighi, discrete modified-Weibull, and exponentiated discrete-Weibull models. Ultimately, the new model is recommended to be applied in many fields of real practice.
Pharmaceutical Communication in Spain around the COVID-19 Crisis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ibáñez-Hernández Ana , Papí-Gálvez Natalia , Carretón-Ballester Carmen
Published: June 2023

This paper addresses the scientific production of pharmaceutical communication in Spain around the COVID-19 crisis, in which information overload, amplified by the digital media, evidenced the relevance of communication in the digital society. The research observes the evolution and characteristics of such studies, identifying scientific fields and disciplines related to communication, thematic lines, agents and publics. To this end, it proposes an exploratory review study adjusted to the PRISMA protocol with a search strategy including three databases (Scopus, WOS and Dialnet) and whose filtration produced a final population of 56 publications on Spanish pharmaceutical communication between 2018 and 2022. The results point to a greater production of scientific papers around the year of the pandemic. These papers were published by university institutions in health sciences journals, although differences in authorship by gender were detected. Most of them are empirical papers, with a predominance of mixed content analyses. The field of public relations stands out, but terminological confusion was also detected. This leads to a reflection on its causes and solutions in favour of the transparency and accountability in pharmaceutical communication.
Training Impulse and Its Impact on Load Management in Collegiate and Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Gardner Clinton , Navalta James W. , Carrier Bryson , Aguilar Charli , Perdomo Rodriguez Jorge
Published: June 2023

Methods: Training impulse (TRIMP) is obtained through wearable technology and plays a direct role on the load management of soccer players. It is important to understand TRIMP to best prepare athletes for competition. A systematic search for articles was conducted using Google Scholar, with papers screened and extracted by five reviewers. The inclusion criteria were: the study was focused on collegiate or professional soccer, the use of training impulse (TRIMP), and the use of wearable technology to measure TRIMP. Of 10,100 papers, 10,090 articles were excluded through the systematic review process. Ten papers were selected for final review and grouped based on (1) training vs. match (N = 8/10), (2) preseason vs. in-season (N = 3/10), and (3) positional comparison (N = 3/10). Wearable technologies mainly track physical metrics (N = 10/10). Higher TRIMP data were noted in starters than reserves throughout the season in matches and slightly lower TRIMP for starters vs. reserves during training. TRIMP data change throughout the season, being higher in preseason phases compared to early-season, mid-season, and late-season phases. These findings help highlight the benefits of TRIMP in managing internal player load in soccer. Future research should focus on utilizing wearable-derived TRIMP and the impact on player performance metrics, and how TRIMP data vary across different positions in soccer.
The Pathogenesis of Cytomegalovirus and Other Viruses Associated with Hearing Loss: Recent Updates
Authors: Shi Xinyu , Liu Xiaozhou , Sun Yu
Published: June 2023

Virus infection is one of the most common etiologies of hearing loss. Hearing loss associated with viral infection can be unilateral or bilateral, mild or severe, sudden or progressive, and permanent or recoverable. Many viruses cause hearing loss in adults and children; however, the pathogenesis of hearing loss caused by viral infection is not fully understood. This review describes cytomegalovirus, the most common virus causing hearing loss, and other reported hearing loss-related viruses. We hope to provide a detailed description of pathogenic characteristics and research progress on pathology, hearing phenotypes, possible associated mechanisms, treatment, and prevention measures. This review aims to provide diagnostic and treatment assistance to clinical workers.
Viral Loads in Skin Samples of Patients with Monkeypox Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rani Isha , Satapathy Prakasini , Goyal Anmol , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Pal Amit , Squitti Rosanna , Goswami Kalyan , Pradhan Keerti Bhusan , Rustagi Sarvesh , Hermis Alaa Hamza , Barboza Joshuan J. , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Sah Ranjit , Padhi Bijaya K.
Published: June 2023

Despite monkeypox (mpox) being a public health emergency, there is limited knowledge about the risk of infectivity from skin viral loads during mpox infection. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate cutaneous viral loads among mpox patients globally. Several databases, including Cochrane, EBSCOHost, EMBASE, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and preprint servers were searched concerning skin mpox viral loads in confirmed mpox subjects. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 331 articles were initially screened after the removal of duplicate entries. A total of nine articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis for the overall estimation of viral loads (Ct) using a random-effect model. The pooled cutaneous mpox viral load (lower Ct) was 21.71 (95% CI: 20.68–22.75) with a majority of positivity rates being 100%, highlighting a higher infectivity risk from skin lesions. The current results strongly support that skin mpox viral loads may be a dominant source of rapid transmission during current multi-national outbreaks. This important finding can help in constructing useful measures in relevant health policy.
The Evolution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5) in Poultry in Nigeria, 2021–2022
Authors: Meseko Clement , Milani Adelaide , Inuwa Bitrus , Chinyere Chinonyerem , Shittu Ismaila , Ahmed James , Giussani Edoardo , Palumbo Elisa , Zecchin Bianca , Bonfante Francesco , Maniero Silvia , Angot Angélique , Niang Mamadou , Fusaro Alice , Gobbo Federica , Terregino Calogero , Olasoju Taiwo , Monne Isabella , Muhammad Maryam
Published: June 2023

In 2021, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and global food insecurity, the Nigerian poultry sector was exposed to the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and its economic challenges. Between 2021 and 2022, HPAI caused 467 outbreaks reported in 31 of the 37 administrative regions in Nigeria. In this study, we characterized the genomes of 97 influenza A viruses of the subtypes H5N1, H5N2, and H5N8, which were identified in different agro-ecological zones and farms during the 2021–2022 epidemic. The phylogenetic analysis of the HA genes showed a widespread distribution of the H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b and similarity with the HPAI H5Nx viruses that have been detected in Europe since late 2020. The topology of the phylogenetic trees indicated the occurrence of several independent introductions of the virus into the country, followed by a regional evolution of the virus that was most probably linked to its persistent circulation in West African territories. Additional evidence of the evolutionary potential of the HPAI viruses circulating in this region is the identification in this study of a putative H5N1/H9N2 reassortant virus in a mixed-species commercial poultry farm. Our data confirm Nigeria as a crucial hotspot for HPAI virus introduction from the Eurasian territories and reveal a dynamic pattern of avian influenza virus evolution within the Nigerian poultry population.
Conditional Cell Reprogramming and Air–Liquid Interface Modeling Life Cycle of Oncogenic Viruses (HPV and EBV) in Epithelial Cells and Virus-Associated Human Carcinomas
Authors: Rani Abdul Qawee , Nurmemet Dilber , Liffick Joseph , Khan Anam , Mitchell Darrion , Li Jenny , Zhao Bo , Liu Xuefeng
Published: June 2023

Several oncogenic viruses are associated with approximately 20% of human cancers. Experimental models are crucial for studying the pathogenicity and biological aspects of oncogenic viruses and their potential mechanisms in tumorigenesis. Current cell models have considerable limitations such as: their low yield, genetic and epigenetic modification, and reduction in tumor heterogeneity during long propagation. Cancer cell lines are limited and not appropriate for studying the viral life cycle, for example, natural viral life cycles of HPV and EBV, and their persistence and latency in epithelial cells are poorly understood, since these processes are highly related to epithelial differentiation. Therefore, there is an urgent need of reliable human physiological cell models to study viral life cycle and cancer initiation. Conditional cell reprogramming (CCR) is a rapid and robust cell culture system, where the cells can be established from minimally invasive or noninvasive specimens and their lineage functions preserved during the long-term culture. These CR cells retain their ability to differentiate at air–liquid interface (ALI). Here, we recapitulated the applications of CR and ALI approaches in modeling host–virus interactions and viral-mediated tumorigenesis.
Hepatitis E Virus Infections: Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity, and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Songtanin Busara , Molehin Adebayo J. , Brittan Kevin , Manatsathit Wuttiporn , Nugent Kenneth
Published: June 2023

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 20 million people worldwide are infected annually with the hepatitis E virus (HEV). There are four main genotypes of HEV. Genotype 1 and genotype 2 are common in developing countries and are transmitted by contaminated water from a fecal–oral route. Genotype 3 and genotype 4 are common in developed countries and can lead to occasional transmission to humans via undercooked meat. Hepatitis E virus 1 and HEV3 can lead to fulminant hepatitis, and HEV3 can lead to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients. The majority of patients with HEV infection are asymptomatic and usually have spontaneous viral clearance without treatment. However, infection in immunocompromised individuals can lead to chronic HEV infection. Both acute and chronic HEV infections can have extrahepatic manifestations. No specific treatment is required for acute HEV infection, no treatment has been approved in chronic infection, and no HEV vaccine has been approved by the (United States) Food and Drug Administration. This review focuses on the molecular virology (HEV life cycle, genotypes, model systems, zoonosis), pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and treatment of chronic HEV infection, especially in immunocompromised patients, to provide clinicians a better understanding of the global distribution of these infections and the significant effect they can have on immunocompromised patients.
Development of a Multiplex Quantitative PCR for Detecting Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus, and Porcine Deltacoronavirus Simultaneously in China
Authors: Chen Jianpeng , Liu Rongchao , Liu Huaicheng , Chen Jing , Li Xiaohan , Zhang Jianfeng , Zhou Bin
Published: June 2023

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) belong to the category of swine enteric coronavirus that cause acute diarrhea in piglets, which has resulted in massive losses to the pig husbandry. Therefore, a sensitive and rapid detection method which can differentially detect these viruses that lead to mixed infections in clinical cases, is urgently needed. According to the conserved regions of the PEDV M gene, TGEV S gene, and PDCoV N gene, and the reference gene of porcine (β-Actin), we designed new specific primers and probes for the multiplex qPCR assay capable of simultaneously detecting three RNA viruses. This method, with a great specificity, did not cross-react with the common porcine virus. Moreover, the limit of detection of the method we developed could reach 10 copies/μL ,and the intra- and inter-group coefficients of variation of it below 3%. Applying this assay to detect 462 clinical samples which were collected in 2022–2023, indicated that the discrete positive rates of PEDV, TGEV, and PDCoV were 19.70%, 0.87%, and 10.17%, respectively. The mixed infection rates of PEDV/TGEV, PEDV/PDCoV, TGEV/PDCoV, and PEDV/TGEV/PDCoV were 3.25%, 23.16%, 0.22%, and 11.90%, respectively. All in all, the multiplex qPCR assay we developed as a tool for differential and rapid diagnosing can be put on the active prevention and control of PEDV, TGEV, and PDCoV, , which can create great value in the diagnosis of swine diarrhea diseases.
Water Cycle Health Assessment Using the Combined Weights and Relative Preference Relationship VIKOR Model: A Case Study in the Zheng-Bian-Luo Region, Henan Province
Authors: Zhao Mengdie , Wei Jinhai , Han Yuping , Li Jinhang
Published: June 2023

Both the natural and social water cycles form part of the regional water cycle, and the assessment of the health of the social water cycle provides useful recommendations for resource allocation, urban planning, and development. The Zheng-Bian-Luo region (Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang city cluster in China) is used as an example in this study. The three-level “goal criterion index” is used to develop a water cycle index system based on deeper knowledge of the notion of the social water cycle. The system has four criterion layers that measure water quantity, utility, quality, and ecology, in addition to 22 index levels regarding the total water resources and drinking water compliance rate. By using this as a foundation, the minimum information entropy principle was applied to couple AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and EFAST (Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Analysis) in order to calculate the comprehensive weights of the evaluation indicators and build a VIKOR (Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-attribute Decision Making Method) model of the relative preference relationship of the fused weights. This model was then compared to the conventional VIKOR model and the FCE (Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method) method in order to reflect on the objectivity of the evaluation results. The primary barriers preventing the improvement of water cycle health in the Zheng-Bian-Luo region were determined in this study by using the barrier degree model. The findings demonstrate that over the past 11 years, the overall water cycle health in the Zheng-Bian-Luo region has developed toward a healthy trend and that the water cycle health level in the region has gradually improved from the initial sub-pathological state to a healthy state. The results also demonstrate compliance with domestic drinking water sources, comprehensive water consumption per capita, the water consumption of CNY 10,000 of industrial-added value, the water consumption of CNY 10,000 of GDP, and the water consumption of CNY 10,000 for water. The primary barrier to the Zheng-Bian-Luo region’s improvement in water health is the water consumption ratio. The findings of this study can serve as a scientific foundation for creating a balanced urban water cycle and achieving long-term development in the area.
Analysis of Water Quality and Habitat Suitability for Benthic Macro-Invertebrates in the Majiagou Urban River, China
Authors: Zhang Yongxin , Yu Hongxian , Liu Manhong , Liu Jiamin , Dong Wentao , Xu Tiantian , Wang Yunrui , Guo Yao
Published: June 2023

The macro-invertebrate is an important part of the aquatic food web of urban rivers, and it is of great significance in understanding its ecological suitability for the stability of river ecosystems. Previous studies, such as those that have conducted suitability index and canonical correspondence analyses (CCAs), have widely used a macro-invertebrate suitability analysis; however, these studies can only confirm a few coupling relationships between the environment and macro-invertebrates. In our study, one-way ANOVA, HCA, PCA and GAM models were used to explain the differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of environmental factors, as well as to reduce data redundancy. A response curve of the critical environmental factors and macro-invertebrates was constructed, and the nonlinear relationship between these factors and benthic animals was quantified to analyze the ecological threshold of the macro-invertebrates. The study area was the Majiagou River, Harbin, China. The results show that COD had significant seasonal differences due to complex hydrological conditions, and most of the water quality factors had spatial differences. The GAM model explained 60% of the Margalef diversity index (MDI) variance. The relationship between chlorophyll-a and MDI was unimodal, and MDI and NH4+-N essentially showed a negative correlation; when the total nitrogen (TN) value reached 5.8 mg/L, MDI reached its peak. When MDI was higher than the mean value, the chlorophyll-a range was 18.1 μg/L~83 μg/L. The NH4+-N was less than 1.8 mg/L, and TN was 1.8~6.8 mg/L. This study provides a reference for the comprehensive management of urban river ecosystems.
Identifying the Influencing Factors of Plastic Film Mulching on Improving the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato in the Northwest China
Authors: Xu Juzhen , Wang Yanbo , Chen Yuanquan , He Wenqing , Li Xiaojie , Cui Jixiao
Published: June 2023

Potato is an important crop in the Northwest China, however, its production is constrained by water scarcity. Plastic mulching film is an efficient technical measure to alleviate potato production restrictions. Therefore, studying the response of potato yield and water use efficiency to plastic mulching film is of great significance. The study conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of plastic film on potato yield and water use efficiency in the Northwest. The study then quantified the effects of different levels of natural conditions (mean annual precipitation, mean annual accumulated temperature ≥ 10 °C), fertilizer application (nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer), cultivation measures (planting density, cultivation method, mulching method), and mulching properties (mulching color, mulching thickness) through subgroups analysis. Finally, the random forest model was used to quantify the importance of factors. Plastic film mulching increased yield by 27.17% and water use efficiency by 27.16%, which had a better performance under relatively lower mean annual precipitation, low mean annual accumulated temperature ≥ 10 °C, relatively lower fertilizer application, planting density of 15,000–45,000 plants·ha−1, ridge, and black mulching. Natural conditions, fertilization measures were vital to improve productivity. The research results can provide reference for agricultural management strategies of potato cultivation using plastic film in the Northwest China and other potato-producing areas.
Changes in Water and Sediment Processes in the Yellow River and Their Responses to Ecological Protection during the Last Six Decades
Authors: Wang Suiji , Wang Xumin
Published: June 2023

The variation of river hydrologic process can reflect the impact of not only natural factors, but also human activities. The purpose of this study is to reveal the change in the hydrologic regime of the Yellow River and its response to ecological protection. Based on the daily water and sediment observation data of representative gauging stations of the Yellow River, we analyzed the variation of the annual and monthly runoff and suspended sediment load (SSL), as well as monthly mean runoff, suspended sediment transport rate (SSTR), sediment inflow coefficient, and hydrological regime in a decadal average of the gauging stations during the period of 1960–2019. The results showed that the variation of annual runoff and SSL, as well as the monthly mean runoff and SSTR in a decadal average, had a significant decreasing trend in the 1960s–1990s, which was mainly in response to the gradual implementation of ecological protection measures such as afforestation, terrace construction, check dam construction, etc., in the basin. In 2000s and 2010s, the annual runoff increased, while the SSL increased slightly. This was a response to the implementation of new river management measures such as ensuring the ecological water demand of the lower reaches and scouring the riverbed by manually regulated water discharged from the Xiaolangdi Reservoir. At the same time, the monthly mean runoff and SSTR for the flood season (July–October) decreased remarkably while the process curve of the monthly mean discharge and sediment concentration changed from a clockwise loop to a counterclockwise loop in the river reach below the Xiaolangdi dam. This was a comprehensive response to the environmental protection measures in the Yellow River basin, in which the construction and operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir played a key role. This study can provide reference for river basin management.
A Red Sea Style ? The Early Eighteenth Century Qur’an Manuscripts of Harar
Authors: Mirza Sana
Published: June 2023

L’important corpus de manuscrits coraniques produits dans la ville de Harar, dans l’actuelle Éthiopie orientale, fournit un riche matériel permettant d’étudier les circuits diachroniques d’échanges artistiques dans la mer Rouge. Centre majeur de production de manuscrits dans la Corne de l’Afrique, Harar a produit des centaines de codex entre la fin du XVIIe et le XIXe siècle. Les manuscrits du Coran et les textes poétiques religieux du début du XVIIIe siècle à Harar utilisent des styles décoratifs associés aux Mamelouks, qui ont régné sur l’Égypte, la Syrie et l’Arabie de 1250 à 1517. Les formes artistiques partagées des manuscrits égyptiens, arabes et harari suggèrent des relations artistiques complexes qui s’étendent de la fin du Moyen Âge au début de la période moderne. Cet essai vise à situer ces connexions esthétiques, qui témoignent de la mobilité des formes artistiques et de leur rôle dans la formation de cultures manuscrites interdépendantes. Il défend l’idée d’un style régional de manuscrits de la mer Rouge, défini par des répertoires ornementaux, des pratiques artistiques et des cadres organisationnels communs. Les érudits religieux ont potentiellement joué un rôle important dans la création et la diffusion de ces modes artistiques. Situés à un moment crucial, lors de la réémergence politique et économique de Harar au début du XVIIIe siècle, ces manuscrits révèlent le fonctionnement de réseaux artistiques multidirectionnels et nuancés qui, aussi paradoxal que cela puisse paraître, ont été cruciaux pour la construction d’une tradition manuscrite harari distincte.
Development and Evaluation of a Parent-Engagement Curriculum to Connect Latino Families and Schools
Authors: Hurtado Ghaffar , Olson Kathleen , Davila Silvia , Campoverde Victoria
Published: June 2023

Parent–school engagement is a contributor to student achievement, but few relevant programs exist for immigrant Latino families. This article describes the design, pilot implementation, and evaluation of a parent-engagement Extension program, developed and implemented in Spanish. The purpose of the program is to help parents develop and/or strengthen their relationships with school staff and teachers, build skills in navigating the U.S. school system, and increase their self-efficacy for supporting their children's success in school. Development of the program curriculum comprised a participatory approach that involved input from cultural guides and focus group sessions conducted in Spanish. Evaluation results indicate positive changes related to most program goals and increased parent–school engagement.
Using an Engaged Scholarship Symposium to Change Perceptions: Evaluation Results
Authors: Varkey Sapna , Smirnova Olga , Gallien Tara
Published: June 2023

Engaged scholarship (ES) entails a symbiotic relationship between the community and the university. This article reports results from an evaluation of an ES symposium Eastern Carolina University held to increase awareness of ES as a means for integrating research, teaching, and service and to potentially change unfavorable perceptions about ES through education and testimonials. After the symposium, participants were more likely to suggest that the university should put more weight on ES. On the basis of our findings, we believe that a symposium designed to encourage open dialogue among faculty, administrators, and Extension professionals can lead to increased awareness of and changes in attitudes toward ES.
4-S Positive Youth Development in Latin America: Professional Schools in Costa Rica
Authors: Lopes Sandro , Geldhof John , Bowers Edmond , Thogmartin Asia
Published: June 2023

As youth development programs established in the United States expand globally, researchers must evaluate their impacts in diverse contexts. The work described in this article established a baseline for assessing the impact of a 4-S youth program at professional technical high schools in Costa Rica. The 4-S program is equivalent to 4-H in English-speaking countries. Results indicate that members of the 4-S program exhibited significantly higher levels of positive youth development than youths in the comparison group (p < .001). We consider how these findings speak to the importance of promoting programs such as 4-S, and we conclude by discussing the implications of this work for practitioners.
Motivations for and Psychological Benefits of Participating in the Florida Master Naturalist Program
Authors: Newberry Milton , Israel Glenn
Published: June 2023

We explored the motivations for and psychological benefits gained from participating in the Florida Master Naturalist Program (FMNP). We surveyed 3,904 participants, and 1,983 participants responded with completed questionnaires, for a 50.79% response rate. Florida master naturalists participated to learn, help the environment, and act on altruistic values. The respondents indicated that their participation in the FMNP provides psychological benefits related to helping the environment, exploring, and being social. To foster support for master naturalist programs, program designers should attend to motivations and perceived benefits related to participation in such programming.
Extension Involvement in Collaborative Groups: An Alternative for Gathering Stakeholder Input
Authors: Ekins Jim
Published: June 2023

One alternative to focus group research for assessing community educational needs is participant observation research with collaborative stakeholder groups. Dialogue within collaboratives can provide an Extension professional with a robust assessment of community educational needs. In this article, I explore this concept and provide examples of published outputs resulting from my experience with collaborative group participation.
Using Dialogue to Engage Agricultural Audiences in Cooperative Learning About Climate Change: A Strategy with Broad Implications
Authors: Doll Julie , Eschbach Cheryl , DeDecker James
Published: June 2023

Dialogue with stakeholders has been recognized as an effective educational strategy for addressing complex topics such as climate change. We report here on the Carbon, Energy, and Climate fishbowl discussion series developed by Michigan State University Extension to assist the state's agricultural community in understanding and adapting to the changing climate. Facilitated dialogue reduced barriers to communication and promoted cooperative learning for target audiences and the project team, generating useful information on the current status of climate change adaptation within Michigan's agriculture sector and revealing needs to be addressed by future Extension programming. Using a dialogue-based approach such as the one we describe can highlight challenges and opportunities Extension faces in addressing various complex issues with diverse audiences.
Leukocyte-Specific Morrbid Promotes Leukocyte Differentiation and Atherogenesis
Authors: Xiang Di , Jiang Lei , Yuan Qiong , Yu Yang , Liu Ruiming , Chen Meiting , Kuai Zheng , Zhang Wendy , Yang Fan , Wu Tingting , He Zhiyu , Ke Zuhui , Hong Wanzi , He Pengcheng , Tan Ning , Sun Yeying , Shi Zhen , Wei Xuebiao , Luo Jianfang , Tan Xiaoqiu , Huo Yuqing , Qin Gangjian , Zhang Chunxiang
Published: June 2023

Monocyte-to-M0/M1 macrophage differentiation with unclear molecular mechanisms is a pivotal cellular event in many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of protein expression regulators; however, the roles of monocyte-lncRNAs in macrophage differentiation and its related vascular diseases are still unclear. The study aims to investigate whether the novel leukocyte-specific lncRNA Morrbid could regulate macrophage differentiation and atherogenesis. We identified that Morrbid was increased in monocytes and arterial walls from atherosclerotic mouse and from patients with atherosclerosis. In cultured monocytes, Morrbid expression was markedly increased during monocyte to M0 macrophage differentiation with an additional increase during M0 macrophage-to-M1 macrophage differentiation. The differentiation stimuli-induced monocyte–macrophage differentiation and the macrophage activity were inhibited by Morrbid knockdown. Moreover, overexpression of Morrbid alone was sufficient to elicit the monocyte–macrophage differentiation. The role of Morrbid in monocyte–macrophage differentiation was also identified in vivo in atherosclerotic mice and was verified in Morrbid knockout mice. We identified that PI3-kinase/Akt was involved in the up-regulation of Morrbid expression, whereas s100a10 was involved in Morrbid-mediated effect on macrophage differentiation. To provide a proof of concept of Morrbid in pathogenesis of monocyte/macrophage-related vascular disease, we applied an acute atherosclerosis model in mice. The results revealed that overexpression of Morrbid enhanced but monocyte/macrophage-specific Morrbid knockout inhibited the monocytes/macrophages recruitment and atherosclerotic lesion formation in mice. The results suggest that Morrbid is a novel biomarker and a modulator of monocyte–macrophage phenotypes, which is involved in atherogenesis.
Deferred Prosecution Agreement dalam Pemidanaan Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Antari Putu Eva Ditayani , Satriatama Adnyana I Kadek Budiadinata
Published: June 2023

Corruption is a persistent problem in Indonesia. The impact of corruption is very widespread which results in poverty and inhibits infrastructure development. Law enforcement for perpetrators of corruption in Indonesia still uses minimum and maximum imprisonment and in the form of fines. This resulted in the difficulty of recovering state financial losses due to corruption. So a new paradigm for criminalizing corruption is needed through the concept of the Deferred Prosecution Agreement (DPA). The aims of this study are 1) to find out the legal ratio of DPA application as an enforcement of corruption. 2) to find out the implementation of DPA in corruption crimes in Indonesia. Furthermore, this research method is a normative legal research method. This research method is used to examine studies in the form of books, journals, and regulations related to the author's research. The results of this study indicate that the correct basic concept used in criminal prosecution of corruption in Indonesia is the DPA concept from the UK, where the implementation is through negotiations between the prosecutor and the suspect and then the results of the negotiations are asked for the judge's opinion. Furthermore, after being approved by the judge, it will continue with the implementation of the contents of the DPA. So the concept of DPA is very appropriate to restore losses due to corruption.
Polish adaptation of The Love Attitudes Scale: Short Form
Authors: Janeczek Piotr
Published: June 2023

The present study was conducted to determine the psychometric properties of the Polish version of The Love Attitudes Scale: Short Form (Hendrick et al., 1998). The scale is used to measure the love styles Eros, Ludus, Storge, Pragma, Mania, Agape based on John Lee's theory. The mean age of the subjects was 23 years (SD = 4.09). To determine the psychometric properties of the scale, an exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA = 0.0425; CFI = 0.938; TLI = 0.928) was performed. The reliability of the Polish version of The Love Attitudes Scale: Short Form was measured using Cronbach's Alpha (0.67 for the total tool, for subscales 0.61 to 0.81) and McDonald's Omega (0.69 for the total tool, for subscales 0.66 to 0.82). An external validity analysis was also conducted using the Attachment Styles Questionnaire, the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Well-being Questionnaire. Based on the results, the Polish version of The Love Attitudes Scale: Short Form can be considered a tool with good psychometric properties recommended for use in scientific research.
How Teacher Leaders Think About Parents: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: BOLAT Özgür
Published: June 2023

The present study firstly explores teacher mental images and understandings of the concepts of ‘parent’ through metaphor analysis and secondly examines how teacher leaders differ in terms of perceptions about parents. The primary objective of this study is to uncover teacher leaders' implicit attitudes about ‘parents’ in order to contribute to parental involvement initiatives undertaken by teacher. The study adopts a mixed-design methodology. Teacher leaders were identified through Teacher Leadership Behavior Scale and the metaphors were evaluated using a content analysis method. The research was conducted with 89 teachers. The study presents several significant findings. Metaphor analysis revealed teachers perceive parents in different seven distinction roles, which imply positive, neutral and negative attitude: partner / nurturer (positive), supporter (positive), observer (neutral), student (neutral), mirror (neutral), inspector (negative), Machiavellist (negative) and antagonist (negative). These roles indicate three types of parental involvement, ranging from ‘active participation’ (positive) to ‘passive participation’ (neutral), and to ‘adversarial participation’ (negative). Statistical analysis revealed that teacher leaders, high scorers as identified by teacher leadership behavior scale, have a more positive attitude towards parents than low scorers. Overall, these findings can be utilized by teacher leaders, educational leaders and researchers working in similar domains, providing valuable insights into teachers’ view of parents and contributing to the enhancement of parental involvement practices.
Sistem informasi akuntansi pengelolaan umur piutang obat pada PT. Penta Valent
Authors: Delvia Wila
Published: June 2023

Piutang merupakan salah satu komponen dari kelompok aktiva lancar, piutang dagang memiliki tingkat kecairan nomor dua setelah kas/bank. Piutang yang muncul, apabila tidak dapat dibayarkan atau terjadi kemungkinan clien bangkrut atau menghilang, maka akan mengakibatkan munculnya piutang tak tertagih. Hal ini disebabkan karena dalam transaksi kredit ini ada tenggang waktu sebelum pelunasan hutang dari pihak debitur dan kondisi ini komponen piutang tak tertagih kemungkinan besar masih bisa terjadi. Untuk mengatasi hal ini maka diperlukan pengawasan yang ketat oleh manajemen perusahaan terhadap pengendalian piutang untuk menghindari kerugian yang cukup besar. Perusahaan dagang merupakan perusahaan yang kegiatannya membeli barang jadi dengan tujuan untuk dijual kembali dan mendapatkan laba tanpa mengubah sifat dan bentuk barang. Penjualan barang atau jasa merupakan sumber pendapatan perusahaan, dalam melaksanakan penjualan kepada para konsumen, perusahaan dapat melakukannya secara tunai atau secara kredit. Perusahaan lebih menyukai transaksi penjualan secara tunai karena perusahaan akan segera menerima kas yang akan dapat digunakan kembali untuk mendatangkan pendapatan selanjutnya. Dari sisi konsumen umumnya lebih menyukai bila perusahaan dapat melakukan penjualan secara kredit, karena pembayaran dapat ditunda, penjualan kredit menimbulkan adanya piutang atau tagihan.
Characteristics of endemicity by tick-borne infections (tick-borne encephalitis, ixodic tick-borne borrelioses) in the Ulyanovsk region
Authors:   Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Ulianovsk region», Nafeev Aleksandr Anatolevich , Vovkotech Pavel Grigorevich ,   Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Ulianovsk region»
Published: June 2023

The work presents the results of monitoring the incidence of the population and the lesion of ticks with the tick-borne encephalitis virus, borrelias of ixodic tick-borne borrelioses for 2002–2021. in the administrative territories of the Ulyanovsk region endemic to tick-borne encephalitis. The results of monitoring the number of Ixodes and Dermacentor mites, their species composition and their changes are presented. Keywords: monitoring, ticks, tick-borne encephalitis, ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, endemicity, Ulyanovsk region.
Data Identification in Current Population Accounting
Authors: Zhivitsa A. V.
Published: June 2023

The article considers issues related to the use of data identiﬁers in current population accounting. The author’s classiﬁcation of methods for identifying personal data a with an indication of their advantages and disadvantages  is  presented.  The  dangers  of  using  identiﬁcation  numbers  are  deﬁned.  Particular  attention  is  paid to the problem of repeated formation of identiﬁcation numbers and ways to prevent it and stop the consequences. Proposals on the use of identiﬁcation numbers in the created information resources are formed.
Probability prediction of solar irradiance in the tropic using ensemble forecasting
Authors: Harada Daiki , Moriai Naoki , Chinnavornrungsee Perawut , Kittisontirak Songkiate , Chollacoop Nuwong , Songtrai Sasiwimon , Sriprapha Kobsak , Yoshino Jun , Kobayashi Tomonao
Published: June 2023

As photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems become more widespread, the instability of electric power grids with PV connection is becoming an issue. For appropriate management of the grids, probability prediction of solar irradiance is proposed. The lagged average forecasting method is used for ensemble forecasting. The 72 h ahead forecasting of solar irradiance is operated in Thailand once a day, and it contains intraday, next-day, and 2-day ahead forecasts. Ensemble forecasting has three ensemble members. The accuracy of intraday forecasting is higher than that of the other members, and it is employed as the most probable value of the forecast. The relation between spreads and forecasting errors is analyzed. From the result, the confidence intervals of the predictions are derived for an arbitrary confidence level. The probability prediction is performed with the most probable value and the confidence intervals. The interval changes its width due to spread changes and captures the observation in it.
Synergistic effects of optimal negative bias-enhanced growth of quenched-produced diamond films on titanium substrates
Authors: Osman Lama , Zkria Abdelrahman , Ali Ali M. , Nagano Satoki , Naragino Hiroshi , Yoshitake Tsuyoshi
Published: June 2023

We report on negative bias-enhanced growth of quenched-produced diamond films on titanium using hybrid coaxial arc plasma deposition at room temperature. Optimizing the bias voltage to −40 V resulted in a spontaneous formation of a titanium carbide interfacial layer, which caused a significant increase in the adhesion strength from 16 to 48 N. Selective etching of undesired sp
2–C bonded atoms and ultrafast quenching of the energetic carbon ions (C+) promoted the growth of dense sp
3–C bonded atoms, achieving a superhardness of 96 GPa, comparable to natural diamond. These pioneering findings have the potential to revolutionize multifunctional materials for biomedical applications.
Switching of magnon parametric oscillation by magnetic field direction
Authors: Horibe Sohei , Shimizu Hiroki , Hoshi Koujiro , Makiuchi Takahiko , Hioki Tomosato , Saitoh Eiji
Published: June 2023

Parametric oscillation occurs when the resonance frequency of an oscillator is periodically modulated. Owing to time-reversal symmetry breaking in magnets, nonreciprocal magnons can be parametrically excited when spatial-inversion symmetry breaking is provided. This means that magnons with opposite propagation directions have different amplitudes. Here we demonstrate switching on and off the magnon parametric oscillation by reversing the external field direction applied to a Y3Fe5O12 micro-structured film. The result originates from the nonreciprocity of surface mode magnons, leading to field-direction dependence of the magnon accumulation under nonuniform microwave pumping. Our numerical calculation well reproduces the experimental result.
AKTIVITAS RE-EKSPOR OLEH IMPORTIR KOPI DUNIA DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI INDONESIA (World Coffee Re-Export Activities and the Implications for Indonesia)
Authors: IBNU MUHAMMAD , FIRDASARI FIRDASARI
Published: June 2023

Coffee is the most traded plantation commodity in the world. The data shows that currently there are more countries trading coffee than those producing it. In other words, many countries import coffee and then re-export it, such as France, Germany and the United States. This study aims to answer questions (1) How does the map of Indonesian coffee export destinations compare to the importing countries that carry out re-exports? (2) How is the quantity (volume) and value of Indonesian coffee exports compared to the importing countries that carry out re-exports? To answer these questions, this research utilizes secondary data for the last five years (2017-2021) from FAO (FAOSTAT). The data were processed quantitatively using the Microsoft Excel version 2021. The results showed that France, Germany and America have more export destinations than Indonesia. The re-exporting countries also seem to have started to outperform Indonesia in the coffee trade, both in quantity and value. Therefore, it is important for national coffee stakeholders to think about the sustainability of Indonesian coffee production and trade by creating various innovations that increase added value and seek new market opportunities.