bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Concentration of the Electrolyte on the Thermoelectric Properties of Electrodeposited Bi2Te3 Thin Films
Authors: Khairnar Vinod , Kulkarni Anil , Lonikar Vishal , Jadhav Nilesh , Patil Dipak , Gite Anil , Kumar Mirtunjay
Published: April 2024

The current thread of study focuses on tuning the properties of nanostructured Bi2Te3 films for thermoelectric applications, by optimizing electrodeposition conditions such as the deposition potential, pH of the electrolyte, temperature and concentration of the precursors in the solvent. In this paper, small coagulated masses of Bi2Te3 dendritic nanostructures were electrodeposited on a stainless-steel substrate at previously optimized deposition potential and pH conditions while changing the concentration of Bi3+ ions in the electrolyte (varied from 2.5 mM to 15 mM). Cyclic voltammetry studies revealed that the material was deposited irreversibly at all concentrations. The effect of varying the concentration is indicated by a shift in the current peaks for oxidation and reduction. A series of scanning electron micrographs revealed the evolution of beautiful small coagulated masses of dendritic structures as a function of the concentration of electrolyte. Thermoelectric properties such as a Seebeck coefficient up to -45.81 μV/K and power factor up to 311 μW/cmK2 have been achieved for the deposited films. The results reveal significant variation in the thermoelectric properties as a function of the concentration of Bi3+ in the electrolyte through changes in the surface morphology and stoichiometry of the films. The analysis also revealed ideal concentrations of precursor ions to obtain Bi2Te3 as the dominant phase.
Performance optimization of GaAs NCFET with a complex oxide ferroelectric gate ​
Authors: Jia Tingting , Li Henghui , Yu Ziwei , Zhang Chong , Zhao Hongyang , Guo Quansheng
Published: April 2024

In this work, we try to design a high-performance GaAs NCFET with ferroelectric 0.85BiTi0.1Fe0.8Mg0.1O3-0.15CaTiO3 (BTFM-CTO) gate dielectric. A detailed simulation was first made on GaAs NCFET to clarify the influence of key structural factors on the performance of NCFET. Simulation results indicate these factors have effects on capacitances match. Moreover, key factors will also affect the device performance and result in the variation of some effects such as negative differential resistance (NDR), gate voltage amplification (GVA), short channel effect (SCE), and saturation of carrier mobility (SCM). These effects influence and constraint each other. The competition between these effects makes the performance not monotonously vary with factors and highly depends on other parameters or voltage bias. Mobility, band energy diagram, electric potential along channel surface, and substrate capacitance are then investigated to make detailed analyses of simulation results. These simulation results and analysis are valuable to optimize NCFET and adjust the drive strength of NCFET with a given ferroelectric film, which would benefit the further application of NCFET. Finally, optimization of the NCFET with BTFM-CTO has been done. A steep SS value of 44.9 mV/dec and a high ION/ IOFF value of 1.2×109 is achieved with a low supply voltage of 0.6 V, demonstrating that the BTFM-CTO film is a competitive candidate for a ferroelectric layer applied in GaAs NCFET. The current work may generate new insights into advanced NCFET based on GaAs with high ION/ IOFF.
Application of Bio-slurry and Chemical Fertilizers nexus Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Food Safety of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Grain
Authors: Kebede Tsehay , Keneni Yadessa , Senbeta Abate , Sime Getachew
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nexus of bio-slurry (BS) and chemical fertilizer (CF) application, soil physico-chemical properties, and food safety of maize (Zea mays L.) grain. A field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University Research Farm, in Sidama Region, Ethiopia, under rain-fed conditions. The experiment consisted of three treatments, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were 100% BS (5 ton BS ha-1), 100% CF (90 kg N ha-1 + 30 kg P ha-1 + 13 kg S ha-1) and control. Soil samples were taken from 0–20 cm depth for the physicochemical analysis. Maize grain samples were also collected at harvest for the analysis of heavy metal concentration. Results show that the pre-experiment soil had a loam texture, moderately acidic pH, moderate OC and TN, high P, K and CEC. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in pre-experiment soil was below the permissible limit for arable land except Cd. Applying CF and BS increased soil pH, OC, TN, and K over the control. In contrast, applying BS and CF increased the concentrations of Ni (11.29) and Ni (12.71) and Co (5.87) in maize grain, respectively, which exceeded the FAO/WHO 2001 standards. Attributing to heavy metal concentration, this result signifies a potential health concern of applying BS and CF in maize cultivation for human consumption in the study sites. Therefore, pretreatment of BS and CF is important for the safe food quality of maize grains for human consumption.
Establishment of a Risk Prediction Model for Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION) in the contralateral eye in unilateral AION patients
Authors: Ma Feiyan , Sun Huameng , Nan Kaihui , Guo Congrong
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To explore the risk factors for contralateral eye involvement in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and construct a clinical prediction model based on these factors.
Methods
This study included 151 NAION patients who were hospitalized at the Eye Center of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from October 2018 to December 2021. Clinical data were collected and patients were followed up until December 2022 to determine whether the contralateral eye was affected. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and K-fold (10-fold in this study) cross-validation were used to screen for predictive factors, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to establish the prediction model. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the predictive model and its clinical utility.
Results
Through LASSO regression analysis, 9 predictive factors were selected from 23 variables: age, visual acuity at admission, acute ischemic stroke (AIS), diabetes mellitus (DM), fasting blood glucose (FBG), high blood pressure (HBP), total cholesterol (TC), optic disc drusen (ODD) in the contralateral eye, and cup/disc ratio (c/d). The model constructed with these 9 predictive factors showed good predictive ability with an ROC area under the curve of 0.85 and a non-significant H-L test result (P = 0.2386). The DCA curve indicated that the model had high clinical utility within a patient's risk threshold range of 5–94%.
Conclusion
Diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, total cholesterol, optic disc drusen, and small cup/disc ratio are independent risk factors for contralateral eye involvement in NAION patients. Age, visual acuity at admission, acute ischemic stroke, and fasting blood glucose are closely related to the contralateral eye involvement in NAION. The constructed prediction model based on these factors has good predictive performance.
Age and gender differences in the mechanical properties of the upper trapezius muscle among patients with chronic neck pain: a pilot study
Authors: Shen Xingxing , Chen Jiahao , Xiang Ruian , Li Congcong , Li Junyi , Wang Shuai , Xu Xuemeng
Published: April 2024

The impact of age and gender on the characteristics of the upper trapezius muscle in patients with chronic neck pain(CNP) has not been previously documented. Age- and sex-related alterations in upper trapezius(UT) muscle characteristics may play a important role in the development of CNP. To investigate the relationship between muscle characteristics of the UT on both sides (unaffected and affected) and age and gender in patients with CNP and analyzed the correlation between muscular imbalance and VAS scores as well as BMI index in patients. A total of 160 unilateral CNP patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected according to age and gender. They were divided into 8 groups according to age and gender: 20 to 29 years old, 30 to 39 years old, 40 to 49 years old, and 50 to 59 years old. There were 20 male and 20 female in each age group. Muscle tone and stiffness of the UT on the unaffected and affected sides were assessed using MyotonPRO in all participants. Age - and sex-related factors had significant effects on both unaffected and affected UT muscle tone and stiffness in patients with unilateral CNP, with greater prominence observed on the affected side compared to the unaffected side, but no interaction between age and gender was observed. Regarding the unaffected UT, the muscle tone and stiffness of middle-aged and elderly group༈MEG༉ participants were significantly higher than those of middle-aged group ༈MG༉participants ( P < 0.01 ), and MG participants were significantly higher than those of middle-young participants group (MYG) participants ( P < 0.05 ), but no significant difference in muscle tone and stiffness between MYG participants and young group (YG) participants ( P > 0.05 ). There were no significant differences in muscle tone and stiffness between males and females in the YG ( P > 0.05 ), but there were significant differences among MYG, MG and MEG. The UT of the affected side exhibited significant variations in muscle tension and stiffness across all groups, with a consistent trend observed: MEG > MG > MYG > YG. Furthermore, it was found that males in all groups displayed significantly higher levels of muscle tone and stiffness compared to females (P < 0.05). In addition, the UT muscle tone asymmetry index and stiffness asymmetry index of all groups exhibited a significant positive correlation with VAS scores, but not significantly correlated with BMI. These findings provide a valuable dataset for understanding muscle tone and stiffness in the UT among CNP patients aged 20–59 years, offering insights for prevention and treatment strategies for CNP.
Universal insights into the origin of ferroelectricity in doped hafnia
Authors: Tang Minghua , Li Gang , Yan Shaoan , Liu Yulin , Zhang Wanli , Xiao Yongguang , Yang Qiong , Li Jiangyu , Long Zhilin
Published: April 2024

Although doping stands out as a crucial method for inducing ferroelectricity in hafnia films, the mechanisms behind it remains controversial. Notably, the carriers introduced by heterovalent dopants have been largely overlooked. Here, through first-principles studies, we elucidate the key role played by the rich phase transition mechanism under carrier doping in understanding the origin of hafnia ferroelectricity. Electron doping orchestrates a metastable polar phase to stable antipolar phase transformation, driven by strong screening effects and the decay of nonpolar covalent bonds, resulting in the rarity of n-type dopants. Conversely, a delicate balanced interplay of weak screening effects and strengthened polar covalent bonds drives hole maintains robust ferroelectricity. However, the hole distribution pattern markedly affects the total energy difference across phases, culminating in a striking ground-state phase transition from nonpolar monoclinic phase to polar orthorhombic phase to nonpolar cube phase as the hole concentration increases. This phase transition is consistent with the variation trend of the highest phase fraction in hafnia films with the p-type dopants concentration. In addition, the thickness of hafnia ferroelectric films is easily stabilized on the 1 nm, unlike perovskite ferroelectrics, due to the hole enhanced polar distortion. Our theoretical analyses seamlessly align with experimental measurements, offering innovative perspectives for the preparation of robust hafnia-based ferroelectricity films through doping or interface engineering.
The therapeutic effect and mechanism of CXCL9-overexpressed umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on liver fibrosis
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Xueqian , Liu Guiyu , Wen Junye , Zhang Haiqiang , Tang Tianci , Cai Ziqi , Ye Xueshuai , Cai jianhui
Published: April 2024

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) transplantation has become a promising treatment for liver fibrosis. However, UC-MSC have limited anti-fibrosis ability for various reasons. In this study, we aimed to determine if the overexpression of CXCL9 in UC-MSC (CXCL9-UC-MSCs) could have synergistic anti-fibrosis effects and explore the possible mechanism. We analyzed the expression of α-SMA and Collagen-III in rats and LX-2 cells, as well as the inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, approched by staining HE staining, immunohistochemistry staining, and western-blot. After the cell therapy, pathological staining and liver function indicated that the area of liver fibrosis in the rats were reduced, the hepatocellular necrosis and liver function damage were improved, and the improvement was more significant in the CXCL9-UC-MSC intervention group. Furthermore, the expression levels of α-SMA, Collagen-III, TGF-β1 and pSmad3 in the liver and LX-2 cells were decreased more obviously atfer the CXCL9 intervention. Meanwhile, the abilities of proliferation, viability and invasiveness of LX-2 cells were also significantly inhibited with the intervention of CXCL9. In conclusion, CXCL9 overexpression of UC-MSC inhibited the activation of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway, and reduced the expressions of α-SMA and Collagen-III in liver and LX-2 cells, thus playing a more significant anti-fibrosis effect.
Artificial lightweight aggregate made from alternative and waste raw materials, hardened using the hybrid method
Authors: Stempkowska Agata , Gawenda Tomasz
Published: April 2024

Lightweight aggregates are a material used in many industries. A huge amount of this material is used in construction and architecture. For the most part, lightweight construction aggregates are obtained from natural resources such as clay raw materials that have the ability to swell at high temperatures. Resources of these clays are limited and not available everywhere. Therefore, opportunities are being sought to produce lightweight artificial aggregates that have interesting performance characteristics due to their properties. For example, special preparation techniques can reduce or increase the water absorption of such an aggregate depending on the needs and application. The production of artificial lightweight aggregate using various types of waste materials is environmentally friendly as it reduces the depletion of natural resources. Therefore, this article proposes a method of obtaining artificial lightweight aggregate consolidated using two methods: drum and dynamic granulation. Hardening was achieved using combined methods: sintering and hydration, trying to maintain the highest possible porosity. Waste materials were used, such as dust from construction rubble and residues from the processing of PET bottles, as well as clay from the Bełchatów mine as a raw material accompanying the lignite overburden. High open porosity of the aggregates was achieved, above 30%, low apparent density of 1.23 g/cm3, low leachability of approximately 250 µS. The produced lightweight aggregates could ultimately be used in green roofs.
Access to Primary Care Physicians for Lesbian and Gay Patients
Authors: Tinkler Sarah , Walker Brigham , Mazziotti Julianna , Sharma Rajiv
Published: April 2024

Access to primary care is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality and lower lifetime healthcare costs but lesbian and gay individuals are disadvantaged in accessing healthcare since they are less likely to have insurance coverage than heterosexual individuals and face social stigma in medical settings. Research that examines the ways in which physician attitudes towards lesbian and gay individuals influence access to primary care is limited. Also unknown is the way that race/ethnicity, sex, age and social class intersect with lesbian and gay identity in influencing access to primary care. Using a field experiment, trained research assistants called a nationwide sample of primary care physicians’ offices in 2022 and 2023 to request new patient appointments on behalf of 133 simulated patients identified as lesbian (~ 50%) and gay (~ 50%). The call script referenced lesbian and gay identity; and employed racially and ethnically distinctive first and last names; and indicated the patient’s insurance type. Calls were made to a control group consisting of 589 simulated patients for whom sexual orientation was not signaled in otherwise identical call scripts. Overall, there is no evidence that lesbian or gay potential patients face barriers to access in primary care. Black lesbians were offered more appointments (31.1 percentage points (95% CI: 0.033 to 0.590; p = 0.03)) but with significantly longer wait times (45.3 days (95% CI: 4.9 to 85.7; p = 0.03)). Female physicians had less overall availability, but offered longer appointments to gay and lesbian patients (17.2 minutes, 95% CI: 5.4 to 29.1, p = 0.005).
ZmHMA3 enhances Zn stress tolerance and mediates Zn transport in Maize
Authors: Lv Guihua , Li Youqiang , Chen Jianjian , Wu Zhenxing , Wu Wenmei , Wu Xiaohong , Lin Haijian , Wang Tingzhen
Published: April 2024

Excessive levels of Zn have the potential to be detrimental to plant health. ZmHMA3, a member of the heavy metal ATPase (HMA) family, is responsible for the transport of Zn2+ and Cd2+ across cellular membranes. In order to investigate the role of the ZmHMA3 gene in response to Zn stress, ZmHMA3 knockout mutants were created using the CRISPR-Cas9 technique. Subsequently, gene specific expression, as well as agronomic traits, root morphology indicators, relative conductivity, antioxidant indicators, and Zn content in the leaf, root, and their subcellular components were assessed. The results demonstrated a significant accumulation of ZmHMA3 in both the leaf and root after 48 hours of Zn stress compared to the control group. The Zmhma3 knockout line exhibited decreased tolerance to toxic levels of Zn as compared to the wild type, resulting in a reduction in maize plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, water content, root morphology indicators (Length, SurfArea, AvgDiam, Rootvolume, Tips and Forks) and antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, POD, SOD, and MDA), while also leading to an increase in membrane permeability and zinc accumulation. In conclusion, it can be inferred that ZmHMA3 likely functions as a crucial positive regulator in the response to Zn stress in maize.
Contrastive learning enhances the links between functional signatures and antidepressant treatment
Authors: Chen Badong , Zheng Kaizhong , Zheng Xinhu , Shi Hongyu , Wang Huaning , Li Bao-Juan
Published: April 2024

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly heterogeneous in terms of responses to treatment, which hinders the improvement in treatment effectiveness and outcomes for MDD. Identifying MDD subtypes associated with treatment responses could inform interventions and facilitate personalized treatment. Here, we sought to identify reproducible MDD subtypes characterized by distinct neurofunctional (i.e., neuroimaging) patterns to delineate heterogeneity in MDD and explored the relationship between subtypes and antidepressant treatment response. We used contrastive variational autoencoders (CVAEs) to identify two distinct MDD subtypes with the REST-meta-MDD II dataset (1660 MDD participants, 1340 HCs). Subtype 1 exhibited increased functional activity in occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal areas, while subtype 2 showed decreased functional activity in these areas. The number and patterns of MDD subtypes were validated in a further large multi-center dataset (1276 MDD participants, 1104 HCs). Notably, patients with subtype 1 could be considered the "treatment-sensitive" group, with a response rate of over 50% to all antidepressants and a better response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) compared to patients with subtype 2. In contrast, patients with subtype 2 could be characterized as the "treatment-resistant" group, with a response rate of below 50% for most medications. The ensuing MDD-specific features from CVAEs may serve as a neuroimaging biomarker for predicting treatment outcomes for both medication and rTMS treatments. Our study shows that contrastive learning can be used to establish the predictive validity of functional brain signatures — in terms of responses to antidepressant treatment — offering potential new targets for optimizing treatment strategies for treatment-resistant depression, and further lay a path toward higher treatment outcomes.
Spatio-temporal pattern change of LULC and its response to climate in the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Yang Liangyan , Shi Lei , Li Juan , Kong Hui
Published: April 2024

Exploring LULC change is essential for the sustainable development of ecologically fragile areas. This study is based on the transfer matrix and land use dynamicity, combined with the land use data and meteorological data of the LP from 1980 to 2020, to explore the spatio-temporal change characteristics of LULC and its response to climate in the LP. The results indicated that the overall change of LULC on the LP was characterized by a decrease in the area of cropland, grassland and bare land, and an increase in the area of woodland and build-up land, and the change trend had obvious stage change characteristics around 2000. The LULC change of the LP from 2000 to 2020 is more drastic than that from 1980 to 2020, and the comprehensive utilization degree increases. The impacts of climate change and human activities on LUCC on the Loess Plateau have regional differences. In the southeast agricultural region, LULC change is mainly affected by human activities, and the spatial distribution of LULC types is constantly adjusted by population growth and economic development. In the central region, the project of returning cropland to woodland and grassland has a great impact on LULC. In the northwest arid region, vegetation is sensitive to temperature and precipitation, and the LULC change impact of climate is significantly higher than that in the humid region.
Image Generation using Generative Adversarial Network and Stable Diffusion
Authors: Wagh Kunal , Raul Omkar , Chandgadkar Sejal , Belanekar Shreya , Varma Satishkumar
Published: April 2024

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) and Stable Diffusion represent two un- supervised techniques within the field of Deep Learning, utilized for discerning the underlying structure within multimodal imaging data. It is challenging to train GANs with stable dif- fusion because of two main issues: mode collapse and non-convergence. A workable way to tackle these two problems using GAN and Stable Diffusion is to rework the network archi- tecture to obtain a more powerful model. In this project, GANs and Stable Diffusion-based systems are designed and implemented for image generation and analysis. The different frameworks of GANs and Stable Diffusion are used for the interpretation of the images, such as stable-diffusion-2-base, stable-diffusion-2-1, GAN and unsupervised text to image translation models. The performance analysis is carried out by incorporating additional hy- brid architecture. The CLIP scores and Real/Fake scores metrics to evaluate Stable Diffusion and GAN performance respectively. The proposed GAN model achieved the accuracy of 81% and 91% on FFHQ dataset and Flicker dataset respectively. The proposed Stable Diffusion model achived 31.98 CLIP score on Flicker dataset. The Stable Diffusion models outper- forming GANs by generating more realistic images. Such systems are useful for Criminal images generation on the basis of few available images of the criminal, Image Datasets, Medical Image Generation, Art Generation, Data Augmentation, Forensics and Simulations, Text-to-Image Translation, Super Resolution, etc.
Arthroscopic delayed repair of residual triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) peripheral tears from distal radial fractures
Authors: Zheng Wen , Zhao Ling Long , Li Peng , Yu Xue Jun , Xiang Sheng Tao , An Wei , Teng Yun Sheng
Published: April 2024

Objective Residual triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) peripheral tears is one of causes of chronic persistent ulnar wrist pain following distal radius fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of diagnostic wrist arthroscopy in this condition and to access the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic delayed repair of residual TFCC peripheral tears from distal radial fractures. Methods Eight patients who underwent arthroscopic delayed repair of residual TFCC peripheral tears from distal radial fractures were retrospectively analyzed. The torn TFCC of all patients was repaired with arthroscopic trans-osseous or trans-capsular outside-in technique. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated using wrist range of motion (ROM), grip, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for pain in activity, Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and surgery-related complications. Results The mean duration from injury to TFCC repair was 11.6 months. The mean follow-up was 25.5 months. At arthroscopy, TFCC dorsal capsule attachment tear was found in 3 patients, Atzei class 1 disruption in 2 patients and Atzei class 2 avulsion in 3 patients. TFCC Palmer 1D injury was found in Atzei 1 class tear case and Atzei 2 class tear case. At the final follow-up, all outcomes were significantly improved except the radial and ulnar deviation. All patients had negative ballottement test and no surgery-related complications were found. Conclusion Arthroscopic delayed repair of residual TFCC peripheral tears from distal radial fractures is effective for those shown no evidence of degeneration and ulnar impaction arthroscopically and their preoperative time less than 16 months.
Study on the price mechanism and quantitative calculation of water supply for water network projects oriented to green development
Authors: zhang chunling , yan denghua
Published: April 2024

To accelerate the construction of the national water network and improve the efficiency of project operation and management, and focus on the reform of innovative water pricing mechanism, we put forward the mechanism of water price formation for water network projects and an integrated water price measurement model that promotes the optimal allocation of water sources. Based on the characteristics of the water network project and the experience gained from the pricing mechanism of large-scale infrastructures such as power grids etc., it is proposed that the formation mechanisms of water supply price at the distribution point of the water network project based on the analysis of the water source and the water delivery process,which should be formed in the form of "WSP + WDP", taking into account the loss of the delivery process. The WDP is determined in accordance with the pricing concept of "permitted cost + reasonable return". Taking water supply through the backbone water network of Shandong province for Qingdao city water diversion points as an example to carry out the water network project integrated water price measurement and analysis, and put forward the proposal to promote the water network project multi-integrated water prices.
Public Health Nutrition and Sustainable Development Goals in Developing Countries: An Analytical Review of Study
Authors: Ali Hina , Iftikar Maria , Rasool Nauman
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the intersection of public health nutrition and sustainable development goals in developing countries using World Development Indicators (WDI) data spanning from 2007 to 2021. Employing panel data analysis, the study aims to identify nutritional factors influencing the development of sustainability goal 3 good health and well-being. The analysis reveals that factors such as current health expenditure, public spending on education, access to safely managed drinking water, and sanitation services exhibit a significant and negative impact on maternal mortality rates while showing a positive impact on life expectancy at birth. Additionally, the prevalence of hypertension and undernourishment is found to have a significant negative impact on life expectancy, indicating their importance as key indicators for measuring public health nutrition in developing nations. The study offers policy recommendations and innovative solutions aimed at enhancing health systems, advocating for the implementation of effective policies and cultivating a knowledgeable workforce to raise awareness among populations, promote healthy behaviors, and safeguard communities against environmental hazards.
The role of S100A9 in the progression of tuberculosis
Authors: Liu Ruichao , Duan Shujuan , Tong Jing , Yao Siyu , Liu Qiuyue , Li Liang
Published: April 2024

Objective: Elevated plasma levels of S100A9 have been observed in patients with severe tuberculosis, with further increases in patients with poor prognosis, suggesting that S100A9 is a potential biomarker for disease progression and prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its potential remains unclear, highlighting the importance of exploring its function.
Methods: To further investigate the role of S100A9 in severe tuberculosis, we constructed S100A9 gene knockout or overexpression models and analyzed the transcriptome changes in THP-1 cells following S100A9 overexpression or shRNA silencing using next-generation sequencing. Through the analysis of transcriptome sequencing results, we identified eight genes that may be involved in the regulation of S100A9 expression. We also detected the expression of the S100A9 gene and related differentially expressed genes after Mycobacterium tuberculosisinfection, as well as their enrichment and related pathways. It was inferred that S100A9 may be involved in the mechanism by which tuberculosis progresses to severe tuberculosis.
Results: FOSB and IL17c are potentially related to the IL-17 signaling pathway, while calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta (CAMK2B) may be related to the ErbB signaling pathway. These findings indicate that these genes may promote the progression of tuberculosis through different mechanisms.
Conclusion: Our study explored the potential role and mechanism of S100A9 in the development of tuberculosis, providing a new perspective for the development of treatment strategies for this disease.
Contribution of platelet-derived circFAM13B to the antiplatelet effectiveness of ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Zou Yuting , Wang Yuyan , Yao Yanzhu , Wu Yangxun , Lv Chao , Yin Tong
Published: April 2024

Background:
Platelet is enriched with Circular RNAs (circRNAs), with circFAM13B rank among the 10 most abundant circRNAs in platelets. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of platelet-derived circFAM13B for the antiplatelet responsiveness and efficacy of ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods:
Consecutive ACS patients treated with ticagrelor were enrolled, and the antiplatelet responsiveness of 3 days of ticagrelor maintenance treatment was assessed by measuring the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet inhibition rate (ADP%) using thromboelastography. The expression of circFAM13B in the patients' platelets was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between circFAM13B expression and ticagrelor antiplatelet responsiveness, as well as the independent contribution of circFAM13B to the composite of adverse ischemic events during a follow-up period of at least 12 months was evaluated.
Results:
A total of 129 eligible ACS patients treated with ticagrelor were enrolled in the study. A negative correlation was found between the expression of circFAM13B and the ADP% value (r = -0.41, P < 0.001). Patients with ADP% ≥ 76% had a significantly lower level of circFAM13B compared to those with ADP% < 76% (adjusted P = 0.009). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that combining circFAM13B expression > 1.05 with clinical risk factors could effectively predict the risk of adverse ischemic events (AUC = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.92, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with circFAM13B > 1.05 had a significantly higher risk of adverse ischemic events compared to those with circFAM13B ≤ 1.05 (P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic hazard analysis identified circFAM13B > 1.05 as an independent risk factor for adverse ischemic events in in ticagrelor-treated ACS patients (adjusted OR: 5.60, 95% CI: 1.69–18.50; P = 0.005).
Conclusions:
Platelet-derived circFAM13B could be utilized for predicting the antiplatelet responsiveness and efficacy of ticagrelor in patients with ACS.
Accurate subpixel center determination for overlapping spots
Authors: Tao Dang Khoa , Nguyen Thi Phuong Anh , Nguyen Duc Duong , Bui Manh Toan , Nguyen Thi Kim Cuc , Cao Xuan Binh
Published: April 2024

Precisely detecting laser beam locations is crucial in maximizing the performance of optical systems in manufacturing and measurement applications. There are numerous methods dealing with a single spot, but identifying overlapping spot centers is still challenging. To address this issue, we present an innovative approach that uses convolutional neural networks and image processing techniques to localize overlapping spot centers. Our method begins by utilizing the convolutional neural network to extract two crucial features: the ratio of minor to major axes and the orientation of the spots. Then, the Euclidean distance transform is employed to identify the approximate centers of the spots, which are the positions with the highest intensity in the transformed images. Finally, the gradient descent algorithm is applied to determine the precise center locations. In addition, noise was added to examine the ability to work in actual systems. The results indicate that our method performs well in noisy environments, accurately pinpointing overlapping spot centers in real-time with a 92% success rate. Furthermore, our approach strikes an excellent balance between accuracy and computational efficiency, making it suitable for use in actual laser manufacturing systems.
An analytical model for prediction of turbine tip clearance and their optimal parametric relationship to its thermal control
Authors: Abdollahi Azita , Abdollahi Anita
Published: April 2024

Turbine tip clearance has a significant importance on the generated gas turbine power due to its effect on the undesirable blade tip leakage flows. So, the control of this parameter, has attracted the attention of many researches of this field. This paper, has focused on the estimation and prediction of the mentioned distance analytically. This radial distance is estimated by modeling the thermal and mechanical effects on the turbine components that can be used to facilitate research on the development of the tip clearance control systems. Finally, this paper addresses to the thermal control by using jet impingement on the external case wall by manifolds attached to the outside of the turbine and the required mass flow rate is calculated by adjusting the velocity of the jet impingement to achieve the desired tip clearance.
Adopting a strategic approach to dormant seeding and initial soil water management for rainfed lentil agroecosystems
Authors: Amiri Seyedreza , Rahimi-Moghaddam Sajjad , Eyni-Nargeseh Hamed
Published: April 2024

The initial soil water (ISW) content and dormant seeding management (DSM) also resulted in better use of precipitation and escape from the heat and drought stresses in late spring and early summer. However, the effect of initial soil water content under DSM as an adaptation option on crop yield has not been fully evaluated, especially in developing countries. We aimed to assess sowing date and ISW on yield of lentil cultivars in 37 selected locations representing six arid and semi-arid agro-climates in Iran. We utilized the SSM-Legume model to quantify the sensitivity of lentil production to ISW and sowing date. Our results showed that the ISW creates the early appearance of stress on late-sown lentil, while DSM1(dormant seeding around 20 December) of lentil conserved higher soil water throughout the crop growth period. On the other hand, DSM1 and short cycle cultivar explored a higher amount of soil water and thus increasing the productivity. Hence, to minimize the effect of soil water stress in lentil rainfed agroecosystems, the best management combination of a short-cycle cultivar, DSM1, and an ISW ranges from 32 up to 52 mm produced the highest grain yield over all studied agro-climate types (779 − 605 kg ha− 1) due to lower plant water stress. Improving total production can be especially effective in arid and semi-arid areas. These results can offer advice to farmers and decision-makers in enhancing rainfed lentil production in arid and semi-arid agroecosystems by managing soil water and DSM.
In vitro anti-cancer activity of Tetraponera rufonigra extract on breast cancer cell line MB-231
Authors: Ramakrishnan Yamuna , K Zahra Ahsan Kabeer V.
Published: April 2024

This study explores the medicinal value of Tetraponera rufonigra, a unique ant species found in Asia and Africa. Specifically, we investigate its potential in producing anticancer drugs within the fascinating realm of ethnoentomology. Tetraponera ants produce neurotoxic substances called tetraponerines, which have demonstrated cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, including MCF-7 breast carcinoma and colon HT29 cells. Our findings suggest that these ants could be a valuable source of new anticancer drugs, shedding light on the rich ethnoentomological relationship between humans and insects. The methodology involved ethnoentomological data collection, material selection, authentication, extract preparation, and biochemical screening. We used the MB231 breast cancer cell line for in vitro testing. The results revealed significant cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 760 µg/ml. Further research is needed to validate its efficacy and identify the active compounds. This study not only contributes to the field of cancer research but also emphasizes the importance of ethnoentomological knowledge in understanding the potential of insect-derived compounds for cancer treatment.
Flexible Terrain Erosion - A Fluid Simulation-Independent Approach Compatible with Multiple Representations
Authors: HARTLEY Marc , Mellado Nicolas , Fiorio Christophe , Faraj Noura
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we present a novel particle-based method for simulating erosion on various terrain representations, including height fields, voxel grids, material layers, and implicit terrains. Our approach breaks down erosion into two key processes - terrain alteration and material transport - allowing for flexibility in simulation. We utilize independent particles governed by basic particle physics principles, enabling efficient parallel computation. For increased precision, a vector field can adjust particle speed, adaptable for realistic fluid simulations or user-defined control. We address material alteration in 3D terrains with a set of equations applicable across diverse models, requiring only per-particle specifications for size, density, coefficient of restitution, and sediment capacity. Our modular algorithm is versatile for real-time and offline use, suitable for both 2.5D and 3D terrains.
Study on the Dynamics of mechanism with joint clearance based on nonlinear friction model
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Chen Zhilong , HU Haobin , Zhao Jingchao , Ye Liuzeng , Ye Guiming
Published: April 2024

Friction in joints significantly impacts the performance of mechanisms, and the friction coefficient varies with environment conditions. Accurately characterizing the friction coefficient has always been a challenge. In order to investigate the influence of friction coefficient on the dynamic properties of mechanisms, a dynamic model of crank-slider mechanism was constructed considering features such as joint clearance and time-varying nonlinear friction coefficient changing with pressure and speed. The dynamic response and wear prediction of the joint under the influence of nonlinear friction coefficient were analyzed. The results demonstrate that, the axis trajectories exhibit greatly changes on horizontal direction. At the same clearance, under conditions of nonlinear friction coefficients, the contact force is larger compared to that under constant friction coefficients, and the friction force increases with the increase in contact force. Both the contact force and friction force increase with the enlargement of the clearance, and as the clearance increases, the magnitude of the increase in contact force and friction force also increases. Additionally, the collision between the bushing and the pin leads to non-uniform wear on the inner surface of the bushing, with two wear peaks present corresponding to the two positions of highest contact force. Under conditions of nonlinear friction coefficients, the wear amount of the bushing significantly decreases, and the locations of the most severe wear locations of severe wear also change.
Factors affecting precipitation use efficiency of dryland wheat and barley genotypes
Authors: khodashenas alireza
Published: April 2024

Available water and its efficient use are the main determinants of yield in dryland agricultural systems. In this study, the results from two-year experiments in dryland condition of Mashhad, used to evaluate of rainfall use efficiency of wheat and barley. The results showed that under the same environmental conditions, the precipitation use efficiency (efficiency) of wheat and barley genotypes had a significant difference, and the highest and lowest efficiency in wheat genotypes belonged to Karim and Line 14 with the rate of 9.6 and 4.3 kg of grain for each mm of rainfall, respectively. The highest and lowest efficiency in barley genotypes was recorded for Mahoor and Ansar cultivars at 17.7 and 7.9 kg of grains per mm of rainfall, respectively. The difference between the two crops, in terms of efficiency, was considerable and the highest efficiency of barley genotypes compared to the wheat cultivar of Karim (the highest efficiency for wheat cultivars) was greater than 84.3%. Based on results, temperature is one of the most influential factors in improving efficiency, and on average, for 1 ˚C decrease in mean air temperature, the efficiency of wheat and barley genotypes increases by 0.83 and 1.06 kg/ha per millimeter of rainfall, respectively. The Karim wheat cultivar and Mahoor barley cultivar started spring growth faster. The biomass growth rate of wheat genotypes was in the range of 84–106 kg/ha per day, and the biomass growth rate of barley genotypes was in the range of 136–166 kg/ha per day. The highest growth rate of wheat and barley grain genotypes belonged to the Aftab wheat cultivar and Khorram barley cultivar at 78.6 and 122 kg/ha per day, respectively. The time of pollination and the harvest index also played an important role in improving the efficiency of wheat and barley genotypes. So that, every day of delay in pollination, according to the average rate of grain production in wheat and barley genotypes, means a reduction of 52.9 and 90.8 kg of grain per hectare, respectively. Despite the effective role of each trait, advantage in one trait did not play a significant role in reaching high efficiency, and the Mahoor cultivar with the highest efficiency had a favorable status in terms of all characteristics. It seems that by improving the effective traits, the efficiency of spring and winter wheat cultivars, as well as winter and spring barley, can be enhanced, according to a pattern similar to the Mahoor cultivar and even more than it. This situation only for wheat will mean an increase in grain yield potential by about 61.5% compared to the current status of the best wheat cultivar in this dryland conditions.
Assessment of the oral health knowledge, behavior and attitude of spreading oral health to patients among non-dental professionals: A cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China
Authors: Qin Weifei , Liu Nanshu , Wang Qian , Dong Yanling , Jiang Lin
Published: April 2024

Background
Non-dental professionals (NDPs) should understand oral health-related knowledge to help patients maintain oral and general health. We investigated the oral health knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of NDPs regarding patient education and multidisciplinary collaborations for oral health.
Materials and methods
For this cross-sectional study, a web-based questionnaire of 34 questions was designed from the characteristics, oral health knowledge and access, and behavior and attitude of spreading oral health knowledge. A total of 406 NDPs at selected hospitals in the Chongqing region of China were included. Data were collected electronically and statistically analyzed using the chi-square test.
Results
Only 35.96% and 39.41% of respondents disagreed with “extraction can cause loosening of the adjacent tooth” and “tooth loss is a natural part of aging,” respectively. The correct answer rates to the other nine basic oral health knowledge areas ranged from 70.94–100%. The rates of complete correct answers among different education, professional titles, and working years groups exhibited significant differences (P˂0.05). 92.12% were aware of the oral healthcare needs before pregnancy, 67.48% agreed with cleaning the gum before the eruption of children's teeth. 26.60% and 15.27% of the participants were not aware of hazards of long-term lying drinking milk and mouth breathing, respectively. Only 57.14% and 56.16% knew the start time of dental cleaning for children and the relatively safe period of dental treatment for pregnant women, respectively. 73.40% were interested in oral health knowledge, and their favorite way was to consult dental professionals. 95.56% of respondents agree with multidisciplinary collaborations for oral health, while only 27.09% often carry out oral health education and guidance to the patients. 68.47% thought they would carry out oral health education in the future.
Conclusion
NDPs knew about common oral health knowledge, but knowledge of oral health care for special groups was insufficient. NDPs should improve their ability to educate the public on oral health and establish multidisciplinary collaborations.
Application of Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network in Removal of Methylene Blue with Olive Pits Activated Carbon
Authors: Ozcelik Tijen Over , Altintig Esra , Cetinkaya Mehmet , Bozdag Dilay , Sarici Birsen , Ates Asude
Published: April 2024

Activated carbon produced from olive pits (OPAC) is a low-cost adsorbent that removes methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. OPAC was characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis. The response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) approaches have been combined to optimize and model the adsorption MB. To assess the optimal conditions for MB adsorption, RSM was initially applied using four controllable operating parameters. Throughout the optimization process, varying levels of independent variables were employed, including initial dye concentration ranging from 25 to 125 mg/L, adsorbent dosage ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 g/L, pH values spanning from 1 to 9, and contact times ranging from 15 to 75 min. Moreover, the R2 value (R2 = 0.9804) indicates that the regression can effectively forecast the response within the examined range of the adsorption process. This research showcases the capability of optimizing and predicting the colour removal process through the combined RSM-ANN approach. It highlights the effectiveness of adsorption on OPAC as a viable primary treatment method for the removal of colour from wastewater containing dyes.