bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dopamine has no direct causal role in the formation of treatment expectations and placebo analgesia in humans
Authors: Kunkel Angelika , Asan Livia , Krüger Isabel , Erfurt Clara , Ruhnau Laura , Caliskan Elif Buse , Hackert Jana , Wiech Katja , Schmidt Katharina , Bingel Ulrike
Published: September 2024

Dopamine-based reward and learning mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to placebo effects. However, the exact role of dopaminergic neurotransmission in their generation and maintenance is still unclear. This study aimed to shed light on the causal role of dopamine in establishing positive treatment expectations, as well as on the magnitude and duration of their effect on pain. To this end, we used an established placebo analgesia paradigm in combination with 2 opposing pharmacological modulations of dopaminergic tone, i.e., the dopamine antagonist sulpiride and the dopamine precursor L-dopa which were both applied in an experimental, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a between-subject design in N = 168 healthy volunteers. The study medication successfully altered dopaminergic tone during the conditioning procedure. Contrary to our hypotheses, the medication did not modulate the formation of positive treatment expectation and placebo analgesia tested 1 day later. Placebo analgesia was no longer detectable on day 8 after conditioning. Using a combined frequentist and Bayesian approach, our data provide strong evidence against a direct dopaminergic influence on the generation and maintenance of placebo effects. Further exploration of the neurochemical mechanisms underlying placebo analgesia remains paramount in the quest to exploit these effects for optimal treatment outcomes.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov German Clinical Trials Register, ID: DRKS00029366, https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00029366.
Human brain state dynamics are highly reproducible and associated with neural and behavioral features
Authors: Lee Kangjoo , Ji Jie Lisa , Fonteneau Clara , Berkovitch Lucie , Rahmati Masih , Pan Lining , Repovš Grega , Krystal John H. , Murray John D. , Anticevic Alan
Published: September 2024

Neural activity and behavior vary within an individual (states) and between individuals (traits). However, the mapping of state-trait neural variation to behavior is not well understood. To address this gap, we quantify moment-to-moment changes in brain-wide co-activation patterns derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. In healthy young adults, we identify reproducible spatiotemporal features of co-activation patterns at the single-subject level. We demonstrate that a joint analysis of state-trait neural variations and feature reduction reveal general motifs of individual differences, encompassing state-specific and general neural features that exhibit day-to-day variability. The principal neural variations co-vary with the principal variations of behavioral phenotypes, highlighting cognitive function, emotion regulation, alcohol and substance use. Person-specific probability of occupying a particular co-activation pattern is reproducible and associated with neural and behavioral features. This combined analysis of state-trait variations holds promise for developing reproducible neuroimaging markers of individual life functional outcome.
Prevalence, treatment, and outcomes of hepatitis C in an MDR/RR-TB trial cohort
Authors: Jansen van Vuuren Jocelyn , Crocker-Buque Tim , Berry Catherine , Viatushka Dzmitry , Usmanova Ruzilya , Nyang’wa Bern-Thomas , Parpieva Nargiza , Liverko Irina , Solodovnikova Varvara , Sinha Animesh
Published: September 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) and chronic hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) remain significant global health challenges, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In Eastern Europe, a considerable percentage of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and rifampicin resistant (RR) TB populations show high HCV prevalence. Current WHO guidelines do not routinely advise HCV testing during MDR-TB treatment, despite HCV being a risk factor for drug-induced liver complications in TB patients. This study investigates the co-treatment of MDR/RR-TB and HCV, using data from the TB-PRACTECAL trial. Data were collected as part of the TB-PRACTECAL clinical trial. All participants were screened for HCV at baseline. Participants who were HCV antibody positive and those who were treated for hepatitis C with Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) were extracted and compared to overall cohort characteristics. The characteristics of participants concomitantly treated with direct-acting antivirals are described including hepatitis treatment outcomes and adverse events. Among 552 participants from Belarus, Uzbekistan, and South Africa, 24 (4.3%) were HCV antibody positive. Unfavourable TB treatment outcomes were noted in 106/523 (22%) of the HCV-negative, 8/18 (44%) of the HCV-seropositive, and 2/7 (29%) of HCV-confirmed participants treated with DAAs. Of the six participants who received concurrent HCV and MDR/RR TB treatment, three were cured of HCV and three had no post-treatment HCV RNA test, five completed TB treatment and one discontinued treatment due to a severe adverse reaction. Concurrent treatment of MDR-TB and HCV, including in HIV patients, showed promising outcomes with no significant adverse events. The findings support the potential benefits of integrating HCV care into MDR-TB management.
Demographic isolation and attitudes toward group work in student-selected lab groups
Authors: Asgari Mitra , Cardace Amy E. , Sarvary Mark A.
Published: September 2024

Small group work has been shown to improve students’ achievement, learning, engagement, and attitudes toward science. Previous studies that focused on different methods of group formation and their possible impacts mainly focused on measures of students’ academic ability, such as GPA, SAT scores, and previous familiarity with course content. However little attention has been given to other characteristics such as students’ social demographic identities in research about group formation and students’ experiences. Here, we studied the criteria students use to form lab groups, examined how the degree of demographic isolation varies between student-selected and randomly-formed groups, and tested whether demographic isolation is associated with group work attitudes. We used a pre-post survey research design to examine students’ responses in a large-enrollment biology laboratory course. Descriptive analyses showed that “students sitting next to me” (57%) followed by the combination of “students sitting next to me” and “friends” (22%) were the two most common criteria students reported that they considered when forming research groups. Notably, over 80 percent of students reported forming groups with those who sat nearby. We studied instances where students were isolated by being the only members of a historically marginalized population in their lab groups. The prevalence of demographic isolation in student-selected groups was found to be lower than in the simulated randomly assigned groups. We also used multilevel linear regression to examine whether being an isolated student was associated with attitudes about group work, yielding no consistent statistically significant effects. This study contributes to growing knowledge about the relationship between students’ demographic isolation in groups and group work attitudes.
Eleven internal fixations for young vertical femoral neck fractures: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Weiwei , Xue Yun , Shi Jie , Deng Xiaowen , Pu Zhongshu , Gao Qiuming
Published: September 2024

Background and objectives

Vertical femoral neck fractures (VFNFs) in young patients lead to significant biomechanical instability. Multitudinous internal fixation devices have been developed and utilized in clinical interventions. However, there has yet to be a consensus expert opinion regarding the optimal internal fixation configurations. This study aims to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of all currently recognized internal fixation procedures for the treatment of VFNFs in young individuals.

Methods

Comprehensive literature searches will be performed in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Wanfang Database, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, covering the entire database history up until May 21, 2024. Individual papers will be evaluated for possible bias using RoB 2.0, the most recent version of the randomized trial Cochrane risk-of-bias approach. Pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA) will be conducted for data analysis using STATA 15.0 and R 4.1.3. Inconsistency tests, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and assessments of publication bias will also be performed.

Conclusion

The study will provide evidence-based recommendations for the optimal internal fixation methods in treating young patients with VFNFs.

Trial registration

INPLASY202460017.
Evaluation of quadriceps muscle cross-sectional area using an ultrasonic diagnostic equipment with a wide field of view
Authors: Matsui Yasumoto , Takemura Marie , Suzuki Yasuo , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Maeda Keisuke , Satake Shosuke , Arai Hidenori
Published: September 2024

Skeletal muscle index measurement via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis is used to evaluate muscle mass when diagnosing sarcopenia. However, inherent challenges exist with these methods. We previously focused on muscle mass evaluation in the quadriceps femoris by using computed tomography (CT). In this observational study, we utilized a new ultrasound device with a wide field of view that can obtain CT-like images and investigated its usefulness. Reproducibility was investigated by calculating the intra- and inter-examiner intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) by using three examiners and performing five measurements in 12 participants. In 123 participants (48 men, 75 women, mean age 78.2 ± 8.1 years), we investigated the correlation between the quadriceps cross-sectional area measured with supine ultrasound and CT images as well as between supine and sitting ultrasound images. Unadjusted, age-adjusted, and age–sex-adjusted correlations were calculated. Reproducibility was excellent (intra-examiner ICC[1,1]: 0.978, 0.987, and 0.994; inter-examiner ICC[2,1]: 0.993). The unadjusted, age-adjusted, and age–sex-adjusted correlations between the quadriceps cross-sectional area measured using supine ultrasound and CT were 0.949, 0.940, and 0.894, respectively. For sitting ultrasound, the corresponding values were 0.958, 0.953, and 0.912, respectively. Correlations between the supine and sitting ultrasound measurements were also good, with corresponding values of 0.952, 0.945, and 0.904, respectively. The tested ultrasound device showed excellent measurement reproducibility and had good correlations with CT images. Further studies with an increased numbers of clinical cases and additional evaluations should allow the device to become a screening tool for diagnosing sarcopenia.
Populismo y derecho penal
Authors: Quintero Olivares Gonzalo
Published: September 2024

El populismo está presente en la vida política y en la utilización del derecho penal, operando como fundamento real de las leyes penales que, por ese vicio de origen, dejan de ser las propias de un Estado social y democrático de Derecho. Las conquistas políticas y jurídicas del derecho penal, su orientación a la protección de valores y bienes necesarios para la convivencia pasan a un segundo plano ante los intereses populistas, sectarios por naturaleza, y que fían en la represión como respuesta única y mejor a todo problema social o a las acciones que se decide incriminar para conseguir el aplauso popular. La reflexión jurídica sobre la función y los fines del derecho penal es tildada de argumentación antidemocrática. La invocación de las víctimas, como seres olvidados por el derecho penal, completa la perversión de la ideología populista.
La autonomía personal en el pensamiento ético de Kant
Authors: Iosa Juan
Published: September 2024

Es común pensar que nuestro moderno concepto de autonomía personal (AP) no ocupa un lugar importante en el pensamiento ético de Kant, si es que ocupa alguno. En contra de esta extendida idea, sostendré aquí que su rol no podría ser más destacado. Para ello, ofreceré primero un esbozo del significado del término. Analizaré luego la investigación de Waldron sobre la posibilidad de ubicar la AP dentro de las reflexiones kantianas sobre la búsqueda de la felicidad. En tercer lugar, revisaré la tesis de Taylor de que una AP propiamente kantiana debe ubicarse dentro del espacio de latitud que dejan los deberes imperfectos de la Doctrina de la Virtud. Pasaré luego a defender mi tesis: toda la filosofía moral kantiana, i.e., tanto el primer principio como los deberes de allí derivados, puede pensarse como una estructura normativa orientada a la defensa y promoción de la AP. Ello porque este concepto está inscrito en la idea misma de humanidad (la capacidad de fijarse a uno mismo fines, tanto morales como de otro tipo) contenida en la segunda fórmula del imperativo categórico.
La libertad entendida como cooperación social: desarrollando un nuevo enfoque
Authors: Spector Ezequiel
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo, argumento que las principales concepciones de la libertad (las diferentes variantes de la concepción negativa, positiva y republicana) no le han prestado la debida atención a un componente esencial de la libertad: la cooperación social. En este sentido, desarrollo una concepción de la libertad que le da a la cooperación social un papel protagónico: «libertad entendida como cooperación social» (LCS). Argumento que la actividad de elaborar y realizar planes de vida no puede comprenderse en ausencia de un entorno social donde las personas colaboran entre sí. De acuerdo con este enfoque, la cooperación social es constitutiva de la libertad. Sostengo, por otra parte, que LCS reúne elementos atractivos de concepciones previas de la libertad, pero sin dejar de ser una concepción autónoma que descansa en la idea de cooperación social.
Reglas, defeaters e intocables del derecho: Moreso en la búsqueda del equilibrio perdido
Authors: Chávez-Fernández Postigo José
Published: September 2024

Moreso se ha referido a «los intocables del derecho» para aludir –desde su original imagen del derecho– a cierto aspecto de la dimensión institucional de los sistemas jurídicos, por la que, precisamente debido a razones morales, algunas de sus decisiones institucionales no estarían sujetas a una lectura moral, ni ser directamente derrotadas por razones de carácter moral. El objetivo de este trabajo es esbozar la tesis de que Moreso acierta en plantear esta suerte de inmunidad institucional que clausura los sistemas a su permanente lectura moral, pero que ésta podría hallar no solo una mejor justificación sino ciertos matices, si estos «intocables institucionales» se complementasen con algunos «intocables morales» para el derecho –por así decirlo–, justificados en última instancia en una antropología algo más robusta pero no por ello incompatible con nuestros Estados Constitucionales de Derecho, y en una teoría de la acción moral humana que justifique la equidad no solo como un mecanismo o técnica, sino sobre todo como una virtud, tesis propias de la tradición aristotélica.
La preservación de la verdad bajo extensiones, semántica inexacta y teoría jurídica
Authors: Póvoa de Lima Flávio Manuel
Published: September 2024

Uno de los pilares del positivismo jurídico es la tesis del derecho como hecho. Esta tesis afirma que en cualquier sistema jurídico, S, las atribuciones jurídicas se basan, en última instancia, en la conformación descriptiva de S. Así, no es coincidencia que muchos de los argumentos contra el positivismo no son sino diferentes formas de «rehacer» la famosa ley de Hume: «ningún debe de un es». En este trabajo me ocupo de una explicación de la ley de Hume fundada en una especie de asimetría entre proposiciones descriptivas y normativas bajo extensiones. Relaciono esta explicación con un enfoque semántico de tipo «inexacto» y procuro extraer de eso algunas repercusiones para el debate relativo a la posibilidad del positivismo jurídico como proyecto teórico para el derecho.
Debilidades o incoherencias iusfilosóficas en la propuesta de Luigi Ferrajoli de una Constitución para la Tierra
Authors: Vigo Rodolfo Luis
Published: September 2024

El presente trabajo pretende analizar el proyecto de Luigi Ferrajoli de una Constitución para la Tierra y confrontarlo con su teoría jurídica que ha venido desarrollando desde los inicios de su vida académica. La conclusión es que dicha perspectiva teórica no es funcional al ambicioso proyecto y se proyecta sobre el mismo debilitándolo; aunque cabe una segunda conclusión que es entender que la propuesta se apoya en una nueva teoría ferrajoliana que cuenta con un aparato conceptual que no estaba en la que conocíamos del profesor italiano.
La facultad de juicio en la filosofía kantiana del derecho
Authors: Wieland Wolfgang , González García Marcos
Published: September 2024

En este breve ensayo, el profesor Wolfgang Wieland (1933-2015) realiza una incursión en la filosofía de Kant con la pretensión de señalar la existencia de un aspecto de su filosofía del derecho que habría pasado desapercibido para los estudios kantianos. Éstos han atendido fundamentalmente al «plano superior» de su pensamiento jurídico que, orientado por un espíritu iusnaturalista, tendría por objetivo determinar qué normas jurídicas a priori (y, por tanto, suprapositivas) habrá de cumplir cualquier Estado para poder ser considerado un Estado de Derecho y fundamentar tales normas en la naturaleza racional finita del ser humano. Sin embargo, Wieland plantea y desarrolla la hipótesis (que ha de entenderse atendiendo a su enraizamiento en el ámbito de la filosofía hermenéutica, pues el autor de este trabajo fue precisamente discípulo de Gadamer) de que en la filosofía kantiana del derecho existe también un «plano inferior» en el que se trata no ya de establecer normas, sino de pensar las dificultades y los problemas que entraña la aplicación de las normas jurídicas en casos concretos. Frente a lo que pudiera parecer por el tratamiento prioritario (por explícito y sistemático) que Kant dispensa a aquel «plano superior», éste no desconoció al decir de Wieland el hecho de que la resolución de problemas particulares mediante la aplicación de reglas generales resulta en ocasiones problemática. Para rescatar a este Kant interesado en las vicisitudes de la decisión judicial (que de gran interés podría ser en el debate iusfilosófico actual, mucho más propicio para el planteamiento explícito de esta cuestión) se hace necesario un trabajo de reconstrucción, que aquí inicia Wieland, a partir de una serie de textos dispersos en los que Kant pone en explícita conexión su reflexión en torno a la facultad de juicio con su pensamiento jurídico.
Populismo: ¿realización o mutación genética de la democracia?
Authors: Vitale Ermanno , Delgado Rojas Jesús Ignacio
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo se analizan algunos de los peligros con los que el populismo amenaza la democracia. Se argumenta acerca de si el populismo, que se presenta como la realización perfecta de la democracia, no es sino una forma regresiva de ese régimen político, su indeseable mutación genética. El artículo aborda la difícil y tensa relación entre democracia y elitismo; la condición carismática del líder populista, la desintermediación en su relación con el pueblo y la simplificación que hacen del discurso y asuntos públicos; la crítica que se dirige a los intelectuales y un cierto desprecio por la cultura y la educación de alto nivel; y, por último, se pone de manifiesto el desgaste que sufre el poder judicial y los mecanismos de garantía ante las continuas acusaciones populistas de falta de independencia o de elección directa de sus miembros.
Paul E. Brockway, Steve Sorrell, Gregor Semieniuk, Matthew Kuperus Heun, Victor Court: Az energiahatékonyság és annak gazdaságra visszaható következményei – Tanulmányok áttekintése és a következtetések levonása
Authors: Füredi Anita
Published: September 2024

Számos globális energiaszcenárió jelentős változást prognosztizál az energiafogyasztás és a bruttó hazai termék (GDP) közötti kapcsolat tekintetében. Ezen energiaszcenáriók alapján az energiafelhasználás csökkenésével párhuzamosan a GDP további növekedése várható, vagyis a GDP növekedés és az energiafogyasztási növekedés historikusan szoros összekapcsolódása elkezd lazulni és szétválni az energiahatékony megoldások elterjedése és alkalmazása révén. A jelenlegi globális trendek azonban éppen ennek az ellenkezőjét tanúsítják, ugyanis ezen trendek alapján a GDP növekedéssel párhuzamosan az energiafogyasztási mennyiség is nő. A kutatás célja, hogy az energiahatékonyság és a GDP kapcsolatának mozgatórugóit feltárja és rávilágítson arra, hogy mi az oka annak, hogy empirikusan nem valósult meg az energiahatékony megoldások bevetése ellenére sem a GDP és az energiafogyasztási növe- kedés közötti kapcsolódás lazulása, a növekedési trendvonalak szétválása.
Review of neuromuscular blocking agents
Authors: Singh Maneesh
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this poster is to provide a review of depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, train of four count and Sugammadex.
Development of a bioactive dressing for monitorization of diabetic foot wounds in early stages of development
Authors: Oliveira Nelson , Costa Cristiana , Genicio Núria , Sousa Ricardo , Rodrigues Juliana , Santos Liliana , Ferraz Maria , Jorge Fernando , Bañobre Manuel , Ferreira Sónia
Published: September 2024

.This work aims to design a bioactive dressing with incorporated chromic sensors to detect woundinfections and halt their advancement through controlled release of topical antimicrobial agentsand the management of the exudate

The bioactive dressing consists of:- a wound exudate collection hydrogel (capable of releasing compounds or nanoparticles);- a pressure-sensitive adhesive;- thermochromic and halochromic sensors
Role of Pesantren in Da'wah and Media Literacy
Authors: Rahma Zakiya
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the process of media literacy in the Karangasem Islamic Boarding School and Al-Ishlah Islamic Boarding School in Lamongan Regency, East Java, as an effort to mitigate the spread of Covid-19. In the context of the pandemic, pesantren plays an important role in increasing the awareness of students and the public about health protocols through the development of media literacy. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the two Islamic boarding schools have implemented an effective media literacy program, in which the Karangasem Islamic Boarding School through the INFOKOM program and the Al-Ishlah Islamic Boarding School with their journalistic activities, have succeeded in equipping students with critical skills in accessing and evaluating information. This study concludes that media literacy in Islamic boarding schools not only contributes to improving students' understanding of Covid-19, but also serves as a means to disseminate accurate information to the public, thus playing a role in mitigating the spread of the virus. This finding is expected to be a model for other Islamic boarding schools in developing media literacy in the digital era, especially in the context of public health.
TO THE USER WITH SETS OF END PLANE-PARALLEL MEASURES OF LENGTH
Authors: Fot A. P. , Shukhman A. E.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of the work of users with sets of end plane-parallel end measures of length when checking various tools of machine-building enterprises using automated calculation of characteristics and evaluating the effectiveness of sets, taking into account operational and economic criteria. The methods used are numerical experiments to determine the characteristics of sets of end measures, a comparative analysis of the characteristics of sets from different manufacturers. The relevance of the proposed approach is justified by the high complexity of determining the characteristics of sets without using a computer. Novelty – an original program is proposed for calculating the characteristics of sets of end measures and determining the required combination of measures in blocks of one to five measures for verified dimensions. Main results – recommendations are offered to the user with sets of gauge blocks. The results can be used by employees of metrological services of various enterprises, in the research activities of research institutes and universities (when conducting dissertation research, in the educational process in the training of specialists in engineering and technical specialties).
NEW DESIGN OF SPRING-HYDRAULIC SUSPENSION OF VEHICLE WHEELS
Authors: Liberman Ya. L. , Lepikhin E. V. , Gorbunova L. N.
Published: September 2024

The designs of independent suspensions of vehicle wheels (single-lever with levers of equal thickness, double-lever with levers of different lengths, lever-telescopic, double-lever with torsion bar) are considered. The complexity of suspension structures and their low reliability in conditions of poor cross-country is noted. The ensures stabile damping efficiency in any direction of movement and comfortable steering. The absence of a complex lever system in the suspension design increases its reliability.
GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF CYLINDRICAL NOVIKOV GEARING WITH LONGITUDINAL-CIRCULAR TEETH
Authors: Korotkin ( V. I.
Published: September 2024

The main geometric parameters of cylindrical Novikov gearing with longitudinally-circular (arched) teeth shape are considered. The equations of the lateral surfaces of the teeth and the lines of action are obtained. Some elements of the gearing quality are considered. Differences of characteristics for convex and concave sides of teeth are shown. The results obtained made it possible to develop a package of computational programs for evaluating the strength characteristics of this gearing.
THE DRIVE OF THE MOLDING MACHINE: THE POWER PARAMETERS OF THE SHAFTS AND THE CALCULATION OF GEARS
Authors: Sereda N. A.
Published: September 2024

The drive of the technological machine is considered. This is a cutlet forming machine. The drive of the machine has two stages. The power on the drive shafts is given as a function of the power on the motor shaft. The torques on the intermediate and slow-speed drive shafts are analyzed. They are represented as a function of power, speed and gear ratio. Examples of calculating the geometry of gears are given. These gears are included in the drive. The material is used in practical classes.
PUNCHING THIN DISCS. PART 1. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Authors: Vorontsov A. L.
Published: September 2024

Possible ways of obtaining large thin discs or discs of hard-to-deform materials by plastic deformation on existing equipment of relatively low power are considered. As a result of comparison with forging upsetting and straightening, as a more promising method that requires further in-depth research, the method of sectional forging was chosen, which provides for the shape change of the workpiece by sequential plastic deformation of its individual parts.
PUNCHING THIN DISCS. PART 3. INVESTIGATION OF THE FINAL STAGE OF THE INTRODUCTION OF CENTRAL PUNCH
Authors: Vorontsov A. L.
Published: September 2024

A mathematical description of the final stage of the introduction of the central punch in the course of obtaining large thin disks or disks from hard-to-deform materials by plastic deformation is obtained. The maximum penetration force of the central punch was found at the moment of completion of the deformation process.
HEAT RESISTANCE OF CORROSION-RESISTANT STAINLESS STEEL CRNI65MWU AFTER VARIOUS TYPES OF FULL ANNEALING
Authors: Gostev S. D. , Gotz I. Yu.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the influence of additional heat treatment of corrosion-resistant steel CrNi65MWU on increasing its heat resistance, as well as on changing the chemical composition of the protective oxide layer formed on the surface. The relationships between heat treatment modes and changes in the corrosion rate of selected steel under operating conditions in glass-forming production are shown. Research has also been carried out on the direct interaction of the melt of various types of glass with a heat-treated steel surface.
METHODOLOGY FOR PREDICTING THE MATERIALS ELASTIC MODULUS OF PRODUCTS PRODUCED BY LAYER-BY-LAYER CLADDING WORKING UNDER THREE-POINT BENDING CONDITIONS
Authors: Shalygin S. V. , Russkikh G. S.
Published: September 2024

The work is devoted to the investigation of the influence of technological filling density on the distribution of elastic modulus when printing functional parts by the layer-by-layer deposition modeling (FDM) method in terms of stiffness under three-point bending conditions, in an elastic isotropic setting. The structure of the product is considered as a set of the body of the outer shell formed during printing by the outer perimeters and the inner body, which is directly the technological filling. The data of experimental studies of elasticity modulus distribution for both the outer shell and the inner structure are given, the nomogram of elasticity modulus distribution is obtained, allowing in general to estimate the functionality of the part in the aspect of providing the required elasticity modulus in calculations.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALL-TERRAIN CHASSIS WITH COMBINED THRUSTERS
Authors: Liberman Ya. L. , Lepikhin E. V. , Gorbunova L. N.
Published: September 2024

Variants of propulsion systems for small-sized vehicles are considered; their advantages and disadvantages are noted. The modernize the all-terrain vehicle, a mover with motor wheels was taken, which has a small weigth and the least complexity of the design. The low weight of the motor wheels will significantly reduce the influence of dynamic loads on the elements of the propellers, which, in turn will significantly increase the life of the propeller. The absence of complex mechanisms in the design (transfer case, cardan gears and other rapidly wearing components) increases reliability and increases the durability of the all-terrain vehicle.
THE METHOD OF SELECTING THE MOST APPROPRIATE MODIFICATION OF THE MECHANISM USING COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Stepanov S. K. , Ivanov D. I. , Patrina T. A. , Petrunin Ya. , Georgieva L. S.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a method for identifying the most appropriate modification of the mechanism with the required output shaft rotation frequency by constructing various geometric models and calculation schemes. This technique based on the design and analysis of modification of the vibration stand mechanism for testing measuring equipment and products for vibration resistance and vibration resistance. The strength analysis of contact stresses and bending stresses in the engagement zone of the elements under various external and boundary conditions was performed using analytical and computer methods. A 3D geometric model of the parts is being created with the display of traces of operation on the surface of the parts, anticorrosion coatings, using materials of various heat treatment in the Compass 3D V.21 package. The most appropriate modification of the mechanism is identified by analyzing the distributions of maximum equivalent stresses according to Mises, the main stresses according to geometric models of parts. If these stresses exceed the limit values or the mechanism is underloaded, the geometric dimensions of the transmission parts should be changed, another material for the transmission parts should be selected and the strength calculations should be repeated.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFILE DEVIATION ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY BLADE PEN OF RESEARCH LOT USING COMPRESSION AND INFORMATION CONVERSION METHODS
Authors: Bezjazychnyj V. F. , Vinogradov K. A. , Vinogradova O. V.
Published: September 2024

As part of the implementation of the concept of the “digital twin” of the Gas Turbine development, a methodology for analyzing deviations in the profile of the fan blade using the example of a research batch using compression and information conversion methods has been proposed. This approach allows detecting incorrectly measured blades, comparing the coordinates of the manufactured profile with those specified in the drawing simultaneously for all controlled sections of the blade, conducting an operational analysis and deciding on the need to take into account the actual geometry of the blades in the calculation models “as manufactured” transmitting the results to the digital platform module for creating digital twins for virtual tests of the actual configuration of the assembly or GTE as a whole.
METHODOLOGY FOR CREATING A DESIGN DOCUMENT SPECIFICATION FOR ASSEMBLIES IN THE SOLIDWORKS SYSTEM
Authors: Khotina G. K. , Polunin N. A. , Shabunina V. A.
Published: September 2024

The article describes the methods of development of design documents in the geometric modeling environment SolidWorks. Special attention is paid to the main design document (DD) – Specification. For the proposed valve design, the creation of a specification for the entire product, as well as the specifications of the assembly units included in the product, is considered. Examples of specifications for drawings are given: assembly, general type, drawings with a loose part and for combined DD. The examples considered in the article contribute to the formation of students' practical skills in the image of products and their components using the SolidWorks modeling system, the development of the ability to read drawings, as well as the deepening of knowledge of the state standards of the Unified System of Design Documentation (USDD).
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DIVISION OF LABOR BETWEEN THE OPERATOR AND THE ADJUSTER OF CNC MACHINES DURING SINGLE-MACHINE MAINTENANCE
Authors: Zaitsev A. V. , Maretskaya V. V. , Lukyanets O. F.
Published: September 2024

An assessment was made of the area of effective application of the division of labor of operators and adjusters of CNC machines to increase the efficiency of the use of workers. First of all, the analysis was carried out for highly qualified workers. It is shown that a significant economic effect from the division of labor of operators and adjusters on CNC machines can be obtained in medium-scale and large-scale production. This is possible by forming groups of adjusters of 2...3 people serving the corresponding group of machines. Dependencies have been identified that make it possible to determine the minimum ratio of workers that provides a given economic effect for single-machine service.
ON THE QUESTION OF ENSURING THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF PRODUCTIVITY WHEN MANUFACTURING MACHINE PARTS
Authors: Bezyazychnyj V. F. , Terekhova A. S.
Published: September 2024

The expediency of automation in the implementation of the productivity level methodology is substantiated and the optimization objective function is formulated. An algorithm for optimizing the technological process of machining a part is proposed, which makes it possible to evaluate the technological processing operation at the cost of manufacture, taking into account the size of the batch of parts simultaneously put into production on the existing unchanged equipment base, taking into account its load.
IMPROVEMENT OF OIL STORAGE TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Marchenkova S. G. , Kulagina T. A.
Published: September 2024

The paper evaluates the possibility of using nanomaterials in the manufacture of containers intended for storing vegetable oils for various purposes. The oxidative resistance of oils under various conditions was studied. The main content of the study is the analysis of changes in the qualitative characteristics of vegetable oil depending on the type of container and the time of exposure to external UV radiation. The article presents the results of research on the main indicators of oil quality. The authors concluded that the proposed storage option is promising and research will continue.
MAGNETIC CONTROL SYSTEM WITH TWO-COMPONENT VIBRATION-INDUCTION MAGNETIC FIELD TRANSDUCER
Authors: Nikolaev Yu. L. , Samorukov A. A. , Borisenko A. A. , Chesalin A. N.
Published: September 2024

The features of identifying and evaluating the parameters of surface cracks by the amplitude and phase change of the spectral components of the signals of a magnetic control system with a two-component vibration-induction primary transducer (VIT) are considered. The structure of the magnetic control system and the device of a two-component VIT are given. Spectral diagnostic signs of the signal of measuring information on the normal and tangential control channels during the movement of the VIT over the crack are determined. Estimates of the threshold sensitivity to small cracks, the depth of occurrence of subsurface cracks, and the range of variation of the working gap are given. It is shown that it is possible to obtain approximate estimates of the depth and width of a rectangular surface crack by the lowering gradient method based on statistically constructed regression dependences of depth and width on the amplitude values of the main significant harmonics of the normal and tangential control channels.
FORMALIZATION OF THE PRINCIPLE, METHOD AND METHOD OF DEVELOPING A DIGITAL IMAGE OF THE LINEAR PART OF THE MAIN GAS PIPELINE
Authors: Kurkachev O. V. , Buklechev D. O.
Published: September 2024

Uninterrupted gas supply to consumers and ensuring the design volume of pumping provides for the absence of accidents and incidents. Accidents during the operation of main gas pipelines lead to significant social, environmental and material losses. Due to the long-term operation and expiration of the resource of sections of gas pipelines operated on the territory of the Russian Federation, an urgent task is to increase their reliability and reduce accidents. At the same time, one of the prevailing conditions is the reliability of the linear part, which is formed at the design stage, provided and maintained during operation. To ensure reliable and trouble-free operation of the main gas pipeline, many different measures are carried out, as well as the systems necessary to assess and maintain the specified technical condition parameters are used. In order to reduce the industrial operation of main gas pipelines by reliably assessing the technical condition of the linear part and identifying potentially dangerous sections, a digital model is being developed that allows to accurately assess the technical condition of the pipeline section under examination.
MULTILEVEL GRADIENT GENERATOR FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF HYPOMAGNETIC FIELDS ON BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS
Authors: Emelyanova M. S. , Murav’ev V. V.
Published: September 2024

A multilevel generator has been developed based on a gradient magnetic field source using square Helmholtz coils, which makes it possible to create changes in the level of the magnetic field in the horizontal plane with a constant vertical magnetic component. The error in setting the generated magnetic field can reach 4 %, which is comparable to natural fluctuations of the Earth's magnetic field. The generator provides experiments with biological objects in the working area of square Helmholtz coils with a volume of at least 0.25 m3, reducing the experiment time by more than five times. The developed design options for a multilevel generator make it possible to conduct a variety of magnetobiological experiments: in a uniform and gradient magnetic field, with magnetic field inversion and transition through the zero value, in combined magnetic fields.
METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF GAS WELL TUBING WITH CORRECTION BASED ON IN-LINE DIAGNOSTICS INFORMATION
Authors: Kitabov A. N. , Abutalipov U. M. , Buranshin A. R. , Ivanov A. V.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a methodology for monitoring and predicting the technical condition of the suspension of pump-compressor pipes (tubing) of gas wells exposed to carbon dioxide corrosion. The tubing suspension as an object of control and diagnostics is considered, the main loads acting on the object in question are determined, as well as the expression for the equivalent value of the loads. An expression has been obtained for determining the permissible reduction in the tubing wall thickness, provided that the facility remains operational, as well as an expression for determining the total and residual life of the tubing hanger.A comparative analysis of the main methods for determining the corrosion rate of a diagnostic object was carried out, and the optimal method was selected. A method for correcting the results of calculating the corrosion rate using tubing wall thickness values obtained during in-line diagnostics is described.
APPLICATION OF OPTICAL IMAGING METHODS FOR MONITORING VIBRATIONS OF BRIDGE ROAD STRUCTURES
Authors: Nurzai V. A. , Gubarev F. A. , Elugachev P. A. , Mostovshchikov A. V.
Published: September 2024

The paper discusses methods for non-contact optical diagnostics of the condition of span constructions of bridge structures. A comparison was made of the capabilities of visualizing vibrations using the laser speckle image correlation method and the photomodulation holographic method when conducting tests on a road bridge. The results of visualization of various traffic conditions of the bridge over the Burunduk channel on the Tomsk bypass road were obtained and analyzed. Relative movements were determined and frequency analysis of vibrations of the span of the bridge structure was carried out. Analysis of the results of the experiments confirmed the possibility and effectiveness of using the photomodulation holographic method for visualizing the movements and vibrations of road infrastructure construction objects.
INNOVATIVE HOSE GAMMA FLAW DETECTOR “RID 50W”
Authors: Dekopov A. S. , Lukyanov A. A. , Mikhailov S. V. , Maslennikov S. P. , Fedorov V. A.
Published: September 2024

An innovative model of a portable class hose gamma flaw detector “RID 50W” is presented, equipped with environmentally friendly tungsten components: a biological protection unit, a shutter assembly and a multi-link source holder for working with emitters based on 75Se and 192Ir. The design features of the radiation head model, the principles of release and shutdown of the radiation beam in the “RID 50W” apparatus, issues of optimization, synthesis, and computer engineering of critical components are considered, and a quantitative assessment of the technical parameters and characteristics of the equipment is presented. The exposure dose rate of the diffusion flux of penetrating gamma radiation from a working emitter based on 192Ir was calculated in the Geant4 software package, followed by practical verification using standard dosimetric monitoring tools. Conclusions based on the results of verification of the obtained data are presented. The design and operating principle of a patented laser sight designed to expand the functionality of a hose gamma flaw detector during operation, including in critical conditions of structural constraint, is also considered.
GRAPHICAL AND ANALYTICAL DEFINITION OF PARAMETRIC CURVES IN EXPLICIT FORM
Authors: Konopatskiy E. V. , Rotkov S. I. , Lagunova M. V. , Tyurina V. A.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the work is to establish the relationship between graphical and analytical methods of solving problems on the example of the definition of parametric curves in explicit form. The idea is to represent the system of parametric equations of a plane curve in the space of Otxy coordinate system as a system of two projections of the curve on a complex Monge drawing. Then the desired curve can be obtained explicitly as a discrete set of points on the profile plane of projections in the Otxy coordinate system. If we consider the system of curve projections as a single curve in three-dimensional space Otxy, then this curve can be flat and spatial. For planar curves located in a partial position plane, it is easy to make the transition from parametric setting of the curve to an explicit form due to the linear relationship between one of the variables (x or y) and the parameter t. If the curve in the Otxy coordinate system belongs to the general position plane, we can use the projection plane replacement method to transform it to a projecting position. This allows a linear relationship to be established between one of the variables and a parameter to obtain the equation of the curve in explicit form, followed by an inverse transformation of the planes of projections. Mathematically, replacing the plane of projections is equivalent to replacing the coordinate system and reduces it to a rotation around the origin of the coordinates. Formulas for transforming the coordinate system, taking into account the peculiarities of using Monge's complex drawing and for determining the angle of rotation of the coordinate system are given.
CUBIC B-SPLINES: PRACTICAL APPLICATION
Authors: Korotkiy V. A.
Published: September 2024

Two constructive algorithms for forming cubic B-splines passing through given points with tangents indicated at these points are proposed. The first algorithm provides a composite cubic B-spline curve passing through n reference points. The composite curve is formed by 3(n-1) elementary cubic segments. At the reference points, the curvature of all segments is zero. Controlling the shape of the curve (with given tangents at the reference points) is achieved by moving auxiliary control points along the given tangents. The second algorithm allows the formation of a cubic B-spline that passes only through two predefined points, but with the ability to control the shape of the spline by moving arbitrarily specified control points. The cubic B-spline equations are derived using two, three, and four control points. For the case of “two control points,” a wellknown result is obtained: the equation of the B-spline identically coincides with the equation of the cubic Bezier curve. For the case of “three control points,” the B-spline equation consisting of two segments is obtained. For the case of “four control points,” we obtain the equation of a cubic curve consisting of three segments. The proposed algorithms enable users to practically construct cubic B-spline curves using the equations derived in the article. The resulting equations allow, without using the Coxde Boer recurrent formula, the calculation and construction of cubic B-splines with three or four control points, respectively. The article presents the basic theoretical information about cubic B-spline curves necessary to solve these problems. Practical examples of constructing composite cubic B-spline curves are provided. The tasks considered in the article can be solved in any graphics editor using NURBS curves, which have become a standard tool for computer modeling. However, this graphical tool does not provide a mathematical model of the curve in the form of equations. On the contrary, the algorithms considered in the article ensure the derivation of the equations of the constructed curves.