bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Method of Production of Colloidal Chitin for Enumeration of Chitinase Producing Bacteria
Authors: Joe Shaun , Sarojini Suma
Published: June 2018

Chitin is a long-chain polymer of an N-acetyl glucosamine, a derivative of glucose, and is one of the most abundant natural polymer which has proved versatile for several medical, industrial and biotechnological purposes. Chitinase enzymes have received wide spread attention for its biotechnological applications mainly in the field of agriculture as a bio control agent against fungi and certain insects. An efficient way of obtaining colloidal chitin and the enumeration of chitinase producing bacteria with fungicidal properties were the main objectives of the current study. For this purpose two different species of fungi, Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. were isolated from infected vegetables. Chitinase can be used as a potential alternative to chemical fungicides. The current study elucidates an effective method of preparation of colloidal chitin to enumerate the chitanase producing bacteria.
Entrepreneurship and Indian Economy
Authors: D Vijayalcikshrni
Published: June 2018

Entrepreneurship introduces a critical element of dynamism into an economic system. A range of significant contributions by entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship include - creation of job opportunities, commercialisation of new innovations, products and political power in an economically positive manner, creation of new markets and expansion into international markets. In developing countries, entrepreneurship development has special significance for two reasons: increase in the pace of economic growth and the growth of small / tiny / tertiary sector generating more employment. An attempt has been made in this paper to briefly analyse the significance of entrepreneurship in India's economic development. It emphasises the changed scenario of entrepreneurship since 1991, the year of New Industrial Policy. The role of the Government in entrepreneurial development is highlighted. While emphasising the changed phase of entrepreneurial development, both through first generation entrepreneurs and diversified family business, the paper explicitly slates that India, with her people who are professionally talented, can prosper better when the leap is from labour to intellect. With tremendous intellectual capabilities, the challenge for India is to build, shape and market her advantage to the world. That India's economic development, to a great extent can be determined by the entrepreneurial growth is stated by way of conclusion.
"The Changing Perception of Young Newspaper Readers of Bangalore with the Changed Face of English Language Newspapers "
Authors: H. Rao Naresh
Published: June 2018

"The Changing Perception of Young Newspaper Readers of Bangalore with the Changed Face of English Language Newspapers "
"Swot Analysis for Career Planning "
Authors: Verma Shalini , Verma Shalini
Published: June 2018

Swot Analysis for Career Planning
"Panchayats and Ward Committees; Assessing India's Decentralised Institutions "
Authors: Roy A.S Ashwini
Published: June 2018

India adopted an ambitious reform policy of rural and urban decentralization in 1992, under which powers and finance are transferred to new local and regional bodies. These are governed by elected councils, in which women and members of disadvantaged groups/castes have a fixed quota of seats. While the legislation is still relatively new, some states have been able to make fast progress in decentralizing tasks, power and funds, while others have been much slower. This article presents an initial review of the decentralization efforts, exploring administrative, fiscal and political dimensions, and the implementation problems at central, state and local levels. Most emphasis is given to development at the local level: the panchayats in rural areas and the ward committees in urban areas, which is where the impact of decentralization should be felt. This article assesses whether increased proximity between citizens and government leads to increased transparency, accountability and participation.
" Rethinking Theory: The Question of Distributive Justice in Jurisprudence "
Authors: Radhakrishnan Arvind
Published: June 2018

In recent years, there has been a growing debate on the nature of Jurisprudence. Conventionally understood as the theory and philosophy of law, Jurisprudence in the modern era, has had to deal with issues manating from the more 'earthy' realms of political obligation and discourses on the 'nature of the state'. The great diversity of legal systems we see around the world, themselves pose a complex challenge when it comes to defining the 'province' of Jurisprudence. This paper seeks to examine certain basic questions like-What is the best legal system we can possibly hope for? Will these systems safeguard the basic rights of marginalized communities in conditions where there is an aggressive display of 'majoritarian will'? In order to answer these questions this paper will be looking at the contributions of various legal theorists, in particular those of Ronald Dworkin and John Rawls. Dworkin posits the idea of 'entrenching' certain rights, so that these rights are not undermined or destroyed through legislative prejudices. Rawls who in some senses represents the best traditions of the 'welfare liberals, elaborates on the idea of 'justice as fairness' and notions of distributive justice. The moot questions are —can these models be prescribed in the Indian context? Or is there a prospect of an indigenous theory which broadens the horizons of Jurisprudence?
"Activism as A Road to Peace: Perspectives from Noam Chomsky. "
Authors: B Ramesh
Published: June 2018

Activism as A Road to Peace: Perspectives from Noam Chomsky.
Role and Scope of Machine Learning in Different Media Verticals in India
Authors: Thomas Juby
Published: June 2018

The Internet is fast becoming a way of life for millions of people and also a way of living because of growing dependence and reliance of mankind on these machines. Today, the availability of information at a click is not so surprising. But it may be disappointing to find the important information from those 10 blue links. There is no doubt that everyone likes to receive the exact information that goes through the mind at a click.  Therefore expectation for a machine which can read the human mind and provide exactly what the user is looking for is highly in demand now. Teaching a machine to think like a human will open up a broad spectrum of possibilities. It has so much to do with communication in the current scenario especially in a country like India.
Status and Infrastructure of the Health Sector in Karnataka
Authors: H Siddu V , D Keshava Murthy K , Revankar R
Published: June 2018

Karnataka is closer to the average of India in case of health status and health facilities, but compared to the states like Kerala, it stands too low. The most striking problem, related to the health infrastructure and health status arises out of the regional imbalance. The study shows that the Gulbarga and Belgaum divisions of Karnataka show a poor status in health infrastructure and health status. Among these, the Gulbarga division (means Hyderabad Karnataka) lies in the lower position. It is well known that Hyderabad Karnataka is underdeveloped in most of the sectors compared to the rest of the regions. Lesser health infrastructure facilities in this region clearly indicate the neglect of the government intervention/ interest to develop basic infrastructure facilities in this region. For better health, health facilities should be improved. For better health facilities, public health expenditure is very important. At present, the Karnataka government is spending very less amount of money on health, which is about 2 per cent of the NSDP. This amount has to be increased. Increasing the public expenditure alone, cannot serve the purpose, unless it is properly used for delivering quality infrastructure and good service mechanization.Keywords: Health Sector, Health Infrastructure.
Women Widowed in the Disaster: A Psychosocial Perspective
Authors: Grace Carolyn Henry , Sekar K
Published: June 2018

This paper is an attempt to bring about the psychosocialaspects of women widowed in the Tsunami disaster inIndia. The research used a descriptive research design. Of214 widows, nearly 107 of them who lost their spouses inthe Tsunami (Study Group) and the women widowedprior to the Tsunami disaster for varied causes (ControlGroup) were interviewed for the study using simplerandom sample technique. Disability AssessmentSchedule (WHO DAS, 2001), Self Reporting Questionnaire(SRQ, WHO, 1994) were used along with semi structuredinterview schedule to gather socio demographic details.The results indicate that the psychological distress andthe disability of the women widowed in the disaster arehigher than the women who were widowed prior to theTsunami. These results guide us to provide psychosocialinterventions to the vulnerable groups of women amongother vulnerable groups in the disaster mental healthprogrammes.
Narratives of French Travelers’ and Adventurer’s of Indian Education System
Authors: Kundra Sakul
Published: June 2018

The French travelers and adventurers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries stated that Hindu philosophy, meteorology, Sanskrit language, literature, history and culture were taught by the Brahmans in schools. Indian education system has been a fascinating domain for the French voyager‟s observation who make compare and contrast with standard, knowledge and rationality of the Orient with Occidental world. Most of the travelers showed in their observations, a kind of superiority in terms of rationality and scientific knowledge of the west in comparison to east. These travelers highlighted a demeaning picture of Indian education system which according to them was based on sluggish, monotonous and irrational basis. The objective of this paper is to narrate the observations made by the French voyagers regarding Indian education system and its implications. Many firsthand French adventurers‟ records have been used in this paper in order to make an assessment of Indian education system by analyzing their records.Keywords: Education system, Vedas and Sanskrit language, Benaras sanctuary, Brahman role, Occident vs. Orient, Orthodox religious implications, Corruptness, Sluggishness, Astrologers
Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities: Effects of the Ban on Selected Commodities in India
Authors: Fernandez Cledwyn Primus Savio
Published: June 2018

The commodity market is one of the emerging markets in today‟s economy. Given that inflation is increasing alarmingly and the emergence of risk in all activities, the commodity market has a phenomenal contribution to the overall economy of India. The following paper – Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities: Effects of the ban on selected commodities in India shall focus on the impact of hedging (risk management) and price discovery, which are two major aspects under the agricultural commodity market. Secondary data from two main sources namely the Multi Commodity Exchange Market and National Commodity Derivatives Exchange were used for analysis. The ban on futures trading under agricultural commodities that was implemented by the Government of India shall be dealt with specifically taking seven commodities – Wheat, Rice, Sugar, Chickpea, Potato, Rubber and Guar Seeds. The common element between all these commodities is that they were all banned from futures trading at some point of time or the other. An analysis using econometric and statistical tools shall be performed to check whether there exists any sort of relationship between the ban and the prevailing inflation in the economy and also the correlation between the prices before and after ban. This is purely an explanatory study wherein the strategies for buyers and sellers in the futures market will also be discussed.Keywords: Hedging, ban, futures trading, inflation
Psychosocial Problems among Children in Difficult Circumstances
Authors: Sekar K , Kavitha P
Published: June 2018

Childhood is the most important phase in a person’s life. The conducive environment available during this stage of life determines positive psychosocial development of an individual. The current study was conducted among 338 children in difficult circumstances to assess the stress, behaviour problem, adjustment in the areas of home, school, teachers, general and peers and self esteem. The results of the study brought out that, children in difficult circumstances undergo moderate to high stress. These children also exhibited higher behaviour problems which is antisocial and neurotic in nature. The adjustment is poor, especially, in the areas of general adjustment, teacher and school. The self esteem is also found to be average to poor. The results highlight the need for psychosocial interventions which are curative, preventive and promotive in nature to address the problems experienced by the children.
Growth of Crop-output in Kerala–Is it Real or monetary?
Authors: N Karunakaran
Published: June 2018

The main feature of the development of agriculture in Kerala in the last five decades is the change in cropping pattern and shift in cultivation, that is, shift in the cultivated area under food grain crops to non-food grain crops and shift in the cultivated area under one non-food grain crop to another non-food grain crop. The growth of agricultural crop output and productivity has been affected by many factors. The sources of output growth like area effect, yield effect and cropping pattern effect have relevance in deciding the programmes of agricultural development and priorities of investment in it. The growth of agricultural output in the state like that of other parts of India is influenced by the gross cropped area, productivity and level of prices. The increase in the agricultural crop output is decomposed into real and monetary components. The real component includes area effect, yield effect, cropping pattern effect and interaction effect. The monetary elements consist of the pure price effect, price yield effect, price cropping pattern effect and total interaction effect. From the analysis of thedecomposition of output growth into real and monetary components of Kerala agriculture in the last five decades, the general conclusions arrived at are: price factor is the major element in determining the relative contribution of different elements to the growth of crop output and the overall growth in the Kerala agriculture is monetary growth in nature rather than real growth.
A Comparison of Maslow’s Theory of Hierarchy of Needs with the Pancha Kosha Theory of Upanishads
Authors: B Sathiyaseelan , Sathiyaseelan Anuradha
Published: June 2018

There is a growing recognition that reductionist and mechanistic worldview that we hold of human motivation needs to be revised and transformed. Many attempts have been made in this direction including a more humanistic approach. In the Western world, Maslow‟s needs hierarchy was a first such attempt.However, not many attempts have been made to expand further the concept of self-actualization proposed by Maslow. On the other hand, there was a criticism of his approach as not being rooted in research and the real world. In this article, the authors attempt to explore the similarities between the needs hierarchy as proposed by Maslow (1943, 1954) and the model of „Pancha Kosha‟ or„five sheaths‟ theory as presented in the Taittriya Upanishad
Risk Assessment and Strengths Based Case Management in Elderly Care– Scope of Social Work Practice
Authors: Minimol K
Published: June 2018

Social workers have a significant role in ensuring the wellbeing of older people. Social work brings a range of specialized skills and methods of interventions in improving the quality of life of older adults. Conducting proper assessment is an important task of social workers while engaging in the provision of support services. In contrast to the ubiquitous deficit-based assessments, strengths-based assessments provide social work practitioners with methods to assess strengths and abilities and thereby develop strengths-based interventions. Though risk-assessment is necessary to prevent problems occurring, understanding clients’ strengths is an integral resource in the helping process. Assessments giving equal importance to risks and strengths are inevitable in formulating and implementing specific activities to facilitate their independent living in the community. This paper highlights the significance of biopsychosocial assessment, risks/strengths assessment and strengths-based case management of older adults. This paper also presents an inventory of risks and strengths reported by older adults who attended case work and counselling sessions with the author during her role as a social worker in a multidisciplinary community health care setting in Australia.
Maritime Security Trilateralism: India, Sri Lanka and Maldives
Authors: Ghosh P K
Published: June 2018

India perceives the entire Indian Ocean region (IOR) as its strategic backyard and regards itself as a “security provider” in the region. This view, of course, is not shared by many, mainly by the Chinese who often state “the Indian Ocean is not India’s backyard.” To reinforce its own perceptions and stem its eroding influence in the region - India has stepped up its efforts in enhancing its relations in general and on maritime security in particular with its island neighbours, an aspect that is being extended to the entire South Asian neighbourhood incrementally. The importance of the Mahanian concept of utilising Sea Power for the achievement of national objectives has led to the realisation amongst a normally ‘sea blind’ Indian bureaucracy to become more proactive. This article explores the maritime policy of India with regard to its neighbouring littoral states in the Indian Ocean.
Unhealthy Eating Practices: Identification of Contributing Factors amongst the Youth in Shimla
Authors: Berry Karan
Published: June 2018

Eating habits have been a major concern amongst the youth as a determinant of health status.

There has been a major change in the eating habits of the young, with an increase in consumption of animal products, starchy food (fries and potato chips) and fats. Eating out is on the rise and is likely to be associated with a much higher intake of calories and fats. Working conditions often demand long, irregular hours in front of computers, with fast food and aerated soft drinks within easy reach. Peer pressure is significantly responsible for a dramatic rise in alcohol and smoking (India Today, 2013).

This qualitative study aims to assess the pattern of eating habits and its contributing factors along with defining the areas where prevention, intervention and education can play a vital role in guiding the youth towards healthy eating habits. Several unhealthy eating habits researched through available secondary resources and collection of contributing factors through interviews and questionnaire response of the youth form the methodology for this study.
Interaction Between Traditional and Modern System of Medicine in a Primitive Tribe of Rajasthan
Authors: Misra Pramod , Kapoor A K
Published: June 2018

The development of healing processes and techniques has come a long way form widely varying tribal pursuits in different communities spread over the globe. But in course of time they become over shadowed by and subordinated to the thrusts of western medical assumptions, injunctions and standards, with the progress of industrialization. No doubt the latter have proved immensely effective in dealing with many acute conditions of trauma caused by accidents or case of sudden onset of physiological disequilibrium.. Health and culture are very much connected with ecology. The traditional health care system and treatment are based on their deep observation and understanding of nature and environment. In the present paper an attempt has been made to study the interaction between traditional and modern system of medicine among Saharia - a primitive tribe of Rajasthan. Various approaches have been used to collect the data. It has been observed that in addition to the magico-religious method of treatment, the Saharia also follow allopathic system of medicines. In the past the Saharia used to consult only spiritual doctor (janteyar) for treatment of various illnesses. But now, with the advancement in science and technology faith in supernatural concept is on decline and the said tribe have developed faith in allopathic doctors also. Saharia who live in interior areas mainly practice the traditional medical system. It has been observed that in some villages different treatment (spiritual, herbal and allopathic) go side by side and tribal have equal faith in all the treatment. They don't give preference to any particular method of treatment. Few suggestions have also been made for improving the health status of the Saharia.
Reconstruction and Presentation of Reality on Television: An Analytical Study of Kannada Channels
Authors: Nayak Rajeshwari R
Published: June 2018

Television has altered the way news is constructed and delivered. Due to competition and TRP, television news channels are experimenting with different techniques to attract attention and reach audiences. Reconstruction with the help of graphics and animation along with docudramas has become quite common in various kinds of television programs. From hard to soft news story-telling television channels have adopted different patterns of visual construction to make an emotional appeal to the audience. Media theories have established the power of visual media in the common man’s life. The present study focuses on the trend related to visual reconstruction of reality in storytelling among Kannada channels. This qualitative study specifically evaluates the various techniques of visual construction, reasons for visual construction, program patterns which use these practices significantly and investigates the influence of visual construction in storytelling. The content of Kannada television programs is evaluated in order to gather primary data. The programs that use visual construction regularly and news items which depend on visual construction have been selected for analysis.
Images, Reality and Truth: Some Philosophical Considerations
Authors: Sia Santiago
Published: June 2018

Developments in technology and communications haveenhanced the status and role of imaging. They haveresulted not just in the excellent quality of images but alsoin the speed and ease of distributing or communicatingthem. But with the welcome advances have also comeundesirable and even threatening consequences for bothindividuals and society. These have presented challengesand issues which need to be addressed urgently. Focusingfirst on the tension between image and reality, it providesa philosophical background to the debate. It thendiscusses the question of truth and the related issues ofthe right to know, freedom of speech and privacy. Itprovides the foundation for these fundamental rights butalso examines the tensions or conflicts in their exercise. Italso discusses some guidelines to deal with thesechallenges and issues; namely, the criteria ofappropriateness and acceptability and the importance ofaccountability. It suggests that in addition, given thefrailty of human nature and the lessons of history, societyalso needs the support of laws and policies.
Ethical Wisdom of Asia
Authors: Menamparampil Thomas
Published: June 2018

In this paper I would like to suggest that we build a common ground between communities when there is a perceived sense of injustice between them. My plea is that it has become imperative to add an ethical dimension to our discussion in our debates on justice. This paper is an invitation that we tap the ethical wisdom of various communities, in this case particularly those of Asia, in order to build better relationship between communities.
Role of Philosophy of Education in India
Authors: Srivastava Kiran
Published: June 2018

One of the important aspects of educational philosophy is that it helps to construct a comprehensive system of education. During different periods, India has witnessed various stages of development. New priorities have emerged in education with the influences of monastic scholastic, realistic, idealistic and pragmatic trends. While education institutions have evolved, there remain several gaps between the philosophical ideals proposed by educational institutions and their everyday functioning. The paper brings forth the urgent need to bridge the gaps in order to attain a comprehensive philosophy of education, in principle and in action. The authors posit that the Indian philosophy of education, normatively speaking, could extend the culture and tradition of the philosophical positions of Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore, Sri Aurobindo and Swami Vivekananda. Such an approach could help in developing an integrated approach of teachers towards education and assist in strengthening their role in shaping the inner potential of a learner in a constructive manner.
Amartya Sen and His Morals of Economics: A Reading in Existential Ethics
Authors: Girdhar Anamika
Published: June 2018

The present paper discusses the views of Noble Laureate Amartya Sen with reerence o his book Resourses, Values and Development and in relation to his existential emphasis on moral foundation of policy-making. Sen deviates from traditional welfare econamics. He feels that utilitarianism is sensitive to total benefit of different persons; while maximin or leximin principle cares for the worst-off.
Gender Distinctions and Gender Neutrality: Towards a Gender Egalitarian Ethics
Authors: Islam Merina
Published: June 2018

The general mission of feminist philosophy is to correct whatever   male biases may exist in the mainstream philosophical     traditions   . Thus   western    feminist philosophers investigate and challenge the ways in which western traditions have so long been participating in subordinating     women    or in rationalizing     their subordination . By questioning the gender insensitivity of ethics and philosophy , feminism attempts to reveal various   forms of subjugation    of women   operating through laws , institutions , customs , social theories , and cultural values. Feminism aims at coming up with a better design for society , based on a thorough review and rethinking of gendered positioning of human beings.
The Future of Market Segmentation and Relationship Marketing in the Tourism and Hospitality Sectors
Authors: Horner Susan
Published: June 2018

There has been much written about the different methods of market segmentation in relation to the tourism and hospitality industry. Tourism and hospitality organisations have increasingly tried to devise ways of categorising consumers into discrete groups, understanding their behaviour in a variety of ways, and reflecting these findings in appropriate marketing strategies. This paper uses illustrative examples that have been researched to show that the new approach to market segmentation should be based on psychographic and behavioural characteristics, and considers the relevance of relationship marketing in the context of the post-modernist era and growing ethical debate. The paper concludes with a review of the future for branded tourism and hospitality organisations and suggests that an understanding of consumer behaviour should become the central focus for future commercial success
Niche Marketing In The Hospitality Industry
Authors: Beldona Srikanth , Cetron Marvin , DeMicco Frederick
Published: June 2018

Around the world, more and more travellers are using their vacations to visit places and partake of activities that fewer and fewer of them would be interested in. This is not a paradox; it's the latest thing in market segmentation: niche marketing to ever smaller groups of people who share specific, often unique, interests and values.
A Case Study on the Prospects of Customer-Brand Relationship in Tourism
Authors: N Sneha
Published: June 2018

The travel and tourism industry is struggling to gain markets' share and sustain profitability in today's fiercely competitive and economically demanding environment. The industry should develop new ways to manage their customer relationship to optimize customer loyalty and revenues. Customer retention is an integral aspect of sales planning. It is a known fact in the marketing circles that it costs companies three to four times more to find new customers than to retain existing ones. This research paper deals with a case study of the prospects of customer brand relationship scenario of some popular tour operators in Bangalore analysed with the help of qualitative interviews, Literature findings and through a constructive approach to understand Customer Brand Relationship in tourism
A Study on Changes in GDP due to its Relative Dependence on Tourism Receipts
Authors: Anson K J , Avin Thalia
Published: June 2018

Tourism is a social phenomenon, driven by the natural urge of human beings to experience new places, cuisines, and destinations. The tourism industry being an established industry is considered as a vehicle for economic development. It is amongst the top ten sectors in India as it attracts a high level of foreign direct investment (FDI).The tourism industry has contributed a lot to the economy by attracting a large number of both foreign and domestic tourists travelling for professional as well as holiday purposes. This results in increased foreign exchange income and greater employment opportunities that stimulate the growth of tourism industry as well the overall economic growth.This research is mainly directed towards finding out the contribution of tourism sector towards the GDP of the country and giving suggestions on ways to improve it further. The possibilities of improvement and increase of foreign cash inflow is a crucial part of tourism sector towards contributions to the economy. The researcher has used correlation and regression to establish the relationship as well as the influence of the tourism sector towards GDP and has found a positive impact, and this has been evident in all the countries. But if we compare the GDP contribution of the tourism sector from a world perspective, Indian tourism sector has not contributed enough to GDP. World average contribution from tourism sector towards GDP is 9.8%,but India’s contribution towards GDP is 6.7%. This shows that there is huge opportunity in Indian tourism sector, and this huge opportunity has to be capitalized through government policies and reforms.
Special Tourism Area - A Critical Study of Bekal
Authors: Joseph Sindhu
Published: June 2018

Bekal in Kerala has been identified as "Special Tourism Area" (STA) for integrated development, as per the National Action Plan of 1992, with the objective of intensive development of the destination in co­ordination with the state governments and the private sector. Bekal is one of the best potential beach resort destinations in South Asia. India has a very few comparable locations that offer the diversity of attractions to be found in Bekal. The area of Bekal beach is still virgin and pristine, offering the opportunity to set up a new planned resort destination. The Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC) Limited was set up by the Government of Kerala to develop Bekal as a tourist destination after the declaration of Bekal as a Special Tourism Area in 1992. BRDC focuses on planned, environmental friendly and geographically viable methods of development. This article is a critical analysis of the potential of Bekal as a beach resort and the present stage development.
Management of Eco-Tourism Sites: A Case Study of the Ajanta Caves
Authors: Ragde Rajesh , Swant Madhuri T
Published: June 2018

In the International tourism parlance India is perceived as a Cultural Destination and the foreign tourists visiting India for the first time find it so fascinating that quite a few of them come again and again to enjoy the "Indian Experience". No wonder India is one such destination in the world where international tourists spend maximum days once they arrive in the country. India is replete with heritage resources in the form of art, architecture and archaeology besides other cultural expressions like performing arts, dance, drama, fairs, festivals and the like. These cultural expressions constitute potential recreation resources. These resources, coupled with heritage, contribute to the richness of any landscape  which can attract innumerable tourists looking for the "cultural experience".The general conference of UNESCO adopted a resolution in 1972 creating thereby a convention concerning the protection of the world 's cultural and natural heritage. The main objective of this forum was to  define the world heritage, enlist sites and monuments from the member countries, the protection of which is the concern of mankind. The convention defined world heritage and drew a list of world heritage which included 378 cultural properties / sites. In India it has identified 28 sites, which are star attractions for intemational and domestic tourist. The paper makes introspection in various managerial aspects focusing mainly on the environmental impacts and problems in conservation and preservation of the World Heritage Site of Ajanta Caves, its paintings and environment in the vicinity of the cave.
Responsible Tourism: A Destination Perspective
Authors: Vinodan A
Published: June 2018

Responsible tourism is a sustainable tourism approach, which encompasses all forms of tourism and seeks to minimize negative economic, environment and social impacts. It generates economic benefit to local people and enhances the wellbeing of host communities. It also makes positive contributions to the conservations of natural and cultural resources. Implementation of responsible tourism among different tourism players is considered as a tiresome task before the policy makers. This article is an attempt to develop a mechanism for implementing responsible tourism from a destination oriented approach to tourism development. It also examines the role of different stakeholders for catering the basic concept of sustainable tourism development like conservation, local level resource management, equitable sharing of resource
An Over view of Tourism Disasters strategies to rstore fading out destinations
Authors: Varghese Bindi
Published: June 2018

Tourism can be vulnerable to disasters and, being fragmented its response is often difficult to initiate and coordinate. In an era of considerable disasters and uncertainly, many destinations have been made alarmingly aware of the fickle nature of tourism.  Peak industry bodies, academicians and professionals advocate the introduction of risk/crisis management strategies as a means to prepare against adverse and operational capacity of any destination. The healthy operation of tourism would relate to develop a knowledge management framework for tourism disaster management at various levels.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Tourism
Authors: Ghosh Jyotirmoy , Anjaneyaswamy G
Published: June 2018

Today in this world where corporations have assumed gigantic proportions in their use of all the resources for management, there is a clear threat of social exploitation. The social leaders as well as the business leaders are thus legally and morally obligated to sustain the society and also repay certain important ingredients which keep the society healthy and alive. This has given birth to the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The corporations are trying to make profit and at the same time discharge their social responsibilities. As a contemporary coincidence the tourism industry also has undergone similar transformation. Mass tourism which is marked as the main economic developer in the global business has also assumed diabolic proportions. It is tending to consume and destroy the very attractions and infrastructures on which the edifice of tourism industry stands. This situation has given birth to sustainable tourism. Sustainable Tourism has its roots in the concept of sustainable development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In this article an effort has been made to showcase the striking similarities of CSR and sustainable tourism. In the global business context the future generations should practice responsibility and a sustainable form of tourism to save their respective businesses and planet earth.
Destination Marketing Through Film Tourism: A Study on Western Orissa
Authors: Sahoo Shwetasaibal Samanta , Lenka Sarat Kumar
Published: June 2018

Film tourism is a growing phenomenon worldwide, fueled by both the growth of the entertainment industry and the increase in international travel model for exploiting film tourism marketing opportunities. Tourism destination marketing is now widely recognized as an essential component in the management of destinations. In harmony with the general marketing literature, which understands marketing as a management tool, some researchers understand destination marketing as a form of 'market-oriented strategic planning' and hence as a strategic approach to place development rather than a promotional tool.Tourists today are more experienced and looking for new destinations and new experience. In the tourism industry, there has been a growing phenomenon that tourists visit destinations featured through films which are not directly related to DMOs' tourism promotion. This is a new form of cultural tourism called film-induced tourism which still receives little attention from both academic and practitioners due to the lack ofknowledge and understanding on the benefits of film on tourism. Recent research suggests that films can have strong influence on tourist decision-making and films do not only provide short-term tourism revenue but long-term prosperify to the destination. The primary focus of this article is to provide a theoretical insight into the relationship between films induced tourism and destination imagery, which in turn can be used to market Western Orissa.
State service of the Russian Federation in the sphere of law enforcement: problems of theory and practice of administrative and legal regulation
Authors: Нагорных Роман , Nagornyh Roman
Published: June 2018

The monograph presents the characteristics of modern theoretical and methodological approaches to the understanding of the problems of administrative and legal regulation of the public service of the Russian Federation in the field of law enforcement, subjected to a detailed analysis of the current administrative legislation in the field of administrative and legal regulation and organization of public service in law enforcement agencies, justified the direction of further improvement Special attention is paid to the problems of development of the administrative law Institute of public service in law enforcement, the legal status of civil servants of law enforcement agencies in our country.
The book is intended for students, postgraduates, teachers and researchers of educational institutions and research institutions, as well as for all those interested in the problems of modern administrative law.
Comparative transcriptomics reveals shared gene expression changes during independent evolutionary origins of stem and hypocotyl/root tubers in Brassica (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Hearn David J. , O’Brien Patrick , Poulsen Sylvie M.
Published: June 2018

Plant succulence provides a classic example of evolutionary convergence in over 40 plant families. If evolutionary parallelism is in fact responsible for separate evolutionary origins of expanded storage tissues in stems, hypocotyls, and roots, we expect similar gene expression profiles in stem and hypocotyl / root tubers. We analyzed RNA-Seq transcript abundance patterns in stem and hypocotyl / root tubers of the Brassica crops kohlrabi (B. oleracea) and turnip (B. rapa) and compared their transcript expression profiles to those in the conspecific thin-stemmed and thin-rooted crops flowering kale and pak choi, respectively. Across these four cultivars, 38,192 expressed gene loci were identified. Of the 3,709 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in the turnip: pak choi comparison and the 6,521 DEGs in the kohlrabi: kale comparison, turnips and kohlrabies share a statistically disproportionate overlap of 841 DEG homologs in their tubers (p value < 1e-10). This overlapping set is statistically enriched in biochemical functions that are also associated with tuber induction in potatoes and sweet potatoes: sucrose metabolism, lipoxygenases, auxin metabolism, and meristem development. These shared expression profiles in tuberous stems and root / hypocotyls in Brassica suggest parallel employment of shared molecular genetic pathways during the evolution of tubers in stems, hypocotyls and roots of Brassica crops and more widely in other tuberous plants as well.
Why Can’t the Impassible God Suffer? Analytic Reflections on Divine Blessedness
Authors: Mullins R. T.
Published: June 2018

According to classical theism, impassibility is said to be systematically connected to divine attributes like timelessness, immutability, simplicity, aseity, and self-sufficiency. In some interesting way, these attributes are meant to explain why the impassible God cannot suffer. I shall argue that these attributes do not explain why the impassible God cannot suffer. In order to understand why the impassible God cannot suffer, one must examine the emotional life of the impassible God. I shall argue that the necessarily happy emotional life of the classical God explains why the impassible God cannot suffer.
On Counting Gods
Authors: Tuggy Dale
Published: June 2018

Our standard scheme for describing and classifying different sorts of religious belief, the trichotomy monotheism-polytheism-atheism, is confused and confusing. In this paper I display some of the confusions and work out a better conceptual scheme, analyzing the concepts deity, god, and ultimate. I then suggest a conservatively revised terminology, discuss historical precedents for this, and show how my suggestions clarify various problems of classification.
‘Upright, Whole, and Free’: Eschatological Union with God
Authors: Timpe Kevin
Published: June 2018

In the closing canto of the Purgatorio in his Divine Comedy, Dante Alighieri describes the souls preparing to enter heaven as “new, remade, reborn, … perfect, pure, and ready for the Stars [i.e., heaven].” But what exactly would it mean for a human soul to be morally perfect and in perfect union with the divine will? Furthermore, if the soul fit for heaven is perfectly united with God, what sense does it make to think that individual retains their free will? In this talk, I assume a number of Christian claims about the Beatific Vision and argue that not only do the souls fit for heaven retain their freedom, but that they are in sense ‘more free’ despite their inability to do certain actions.
Summer Climatic Moisture Balances for Yukon Xerophytic Grassland Slopes and Their Late-Wisconsinan Counterparts: Are Present-Day Grasslands Beringian Relicts?
Authors: Strong Wayne L
Published: June 2018

Summer climatic moisture balances (precipitation vs. potential evapotranspiration) for topographic slopes favored by present-day xerophytic boreal grasslands (SSW aspects with 61% – 65% gradients) in southwest Yukon were compared to their unglaciated late-Wisconsinan (14 000 – 12 000 cal yr BP) Beringian counterparts. The purpose was to determine whether present-day grasslands are ecologically plausible Beringian relicts or analogues. The Beringian climate was represented by meteorological stations with average July temperatures 4˚C colder than those of present-day grassland areas; all were from Arctic locations. The most commonly occupied grassland slopes received maximum local solar radiation and likely represented the warmest topographic positions in the landscape. Their summer evapotranspiration demands exceeded the 200 mm moisture supply by 189 mm. The same slopes had late-Wisconsinan summer moisture balances of −57 to −101 mm because of colder and shorter growing seasons. Moisture balances for late-Wisconsinan SSW slopes were similar to those of present-day WNW – NW aspects, which do not support grasslands. Differences in moisture deficits indicated present-day xerophytic grasslands were improbable Beringian in situ relicts or analogues. Alternatively, it was hypothesized that present-day Calamagrostis purpurascens communities developed during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (11 000 – 9000 cal yr BP), whereas Hesperostipa comata communities formed less than 3000 years ago after postglacial migration of the species from central North America.
A Paleoenvironmental Study Tracking Eutrophication, Mining Pollution, and Climate Change in Niven Lake, the First Sewage Lagoon of Yellowknife (Northwest Territories) + Supplementary Appendix 1 (See Article Tools)
Authors: Stewart Emily M. , Hargan Kathryn E. , Sivarajah Branaavan , Kimpe Linda E. , Blais Jules M. , Smol John P.
Published: June 2018

Niven Lake was the first wastewater disposal site for the City of Yellowknife (Northwest Territories, Canada), receiving domestic sewage for more than 30 years. Here, we used a high-resolution sediment core to track past sewage inputs to Niven Lake by comparing changes in sedimentary sterols and three diagnostic ratios for human fecal contamination, as well as biological assemblages and overall lake production, with the known history of sewage inputs to the lake from 1948 to 1981. Coprostanol, often considered the best indicator of human fecal contamination, increased by ~8% between depths of 7.5 cm and 5 cm (~1950 to 1981) and was more reliable in tracking sewage contamination than diagnostic sterol ratios. Muted responses in subfossil diatom and chironomid assemblages were noted during the time of sewage inputs, and similar responses have been reported in other eutrophic Arctic sites, as well as in many macrophyte-dominated shallow lakes in general. More marked shifts in diatoms and chironomids occurred a decade after the end of sewage inputs, in the 1990s, a time that closely aligned with the warmest years on record for Yellowknife. This post–sewage era response was indicative of anoxia and possibly of positive feedback from internal phosphorus loading. The response may have been facilitated by recent climate warming, resulting in a lagging recovery from eutrophication. Changes in the diatoms and chironomids of Niven Lake were also indicative of metal pollution, suggesting that the lake has experienced the compounding effects of arsenic contamination from nearby gold mining.
The effect of owned and earned social media activities towards purchase intention on Facebook
Authors: Rusdan Alriz Tsabit , Satria Arif , Yuliati Lilik Noor
Published: June 2018

With the growth of internet connection, the Indonesia people are getting more and more connected to each other with the rise of social media, especially facebook in which nowadays has become one of the mainstream channel for companies to inform their product and to share their brand value to the consumer. This research will oversee the technology acceptance aspect in which affected by the ease of use and joyfulness of the users, owned social media aspect or the channel that are owned and can be controlled by companies or brand alike whose the acceptance of the information are affected by usefulness, reputation, trust, and altruism. And the earned social media aspects which are affected by information acceptance and social connection. The research are conducted by sending questioners to facebook users who is a consumer of Stella air freshener products. The research shown that technology acceptance aspects are not significantly affected the perception of a product fanpage, in the contrary earned and owned social media aspects along with the factors that affecting it has shown as significantly affected the perception of the users in facebook toward the fanpage, who in the end will affecting their purchase intention to the product of the fanpage.