bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Therapeutic and Militaristic Contexts in a Veteran Treatment Court
Authors: Vaughan Tyler J. , Bell Holleran Lisa , Brooks Rachel
Published: March 2016

Recently, the number of veteran treatment courts (VTCs) has greatly expanded. These courts, based on drug treatment court processes, attempt to handle the underlying causes of criminal conduct as well as the instant offense. There is, however, no research that addresses how the military manifests in VTC. We suggest that participants import military culture into VTC processes and that the military will have an influence on VTC proceedings. The purpose of this study is to examine how military and specialty court approaches appear in the VTC. Using results from field research in a VTC in Texas, we find the military has profound influences in VTC proceedings. Military references serve the purpose of structuring the court docket, helping develop rapport between court staff and participants, as well as creating a familiar context for participants. We highlight the value and potential problems of relying on military culture. Policy implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Place-Based Elicitation: Interviewing Graffiti Writers at the Scene of the Crime
Authors: Bloch Stefano
Published: March 2016

Interviews conducted in situ—literally at “the scene of the crime”1—can elicit more nuanced data than interviews conducted in locations removed from where the activity in question occurred. This is particularly true when conducting research on and with members of spatially conscious, “deviant,” and vulnerable communities who may for the sake of social and existential survival defer to rehearsed narratives and formula stories about their actions and perspectives when interviewed in “safe” spaces. In this article, which is based on participant observation and structured, semi-structured, and unstructured interviews with 108 graffiti writers, I contend that place-based elicitation can provide researchers with greater exposure to extradiscursive expression, reflection, and affective narratives about transgressive and illicit subcultural activity. The method of place-based elicitation has implications for where and how ethnographers and other qualitative researchers conduct interviews and seek to extract nuanced data from respondents.
Speaking Two Languages for the Price of One
Authors: Kleinman Daniel , Gollan Tamar H.
Published: March 2016

How do bilinguals switch easily between languages in everyday conversation, even though studies have consistently found that switching slows responses? In previous work, researchers have not considered that although switches may happen for different reasons, only some switches—including those typically studied in laboratory experiments—might be costly. Using a repeated picture-naming task, we found that bilinguals can maintain and use two languages as efficiently as a single language, switching between them frequently without any cost, if they switch only when a word is more accessible in the other language. These results suggest that language switch costs arise during lexical selection, that top-down language control mechanisms can be suspended, and that language-mixing efficiency can be strategically increased with instruction. Thus, bilinguals might switch languages spontaneously because doing so is not always costly, and there appears to be greater flexibility and efficiency in the cognitive mechanisms that enable switching than previously assumed.
Knowledge Distance, Cognitive-Search Processes, and Creativity
Authors: Acar Oguz Ali , van den Ende Jan
Published: March 2016

Prior research has provided conflicting arguments and evidence about whether people who are outsiders or insiders relative to a knowledge domain are more likely to demonstrate scientific creativity in that particular domain. We propose that the nature of the relationship between creativity and the distance of an individual’s expertise from a knowledge domain depends on his or her cognitive processes of problem solving (i.e., cognitive-search effort and cognitive-search variation). In an analysis of 230 solutions generated in a science contest platform, we found that distance was positively associated with creativity when problem solvers engaged in a focused search (i.e., low cognitive-search variation) and exerted a high level of cognitive effort. People whose expertise was close to a knowledge domain, however, were more likely to demonstrate creativity in that domain when they drew on a wide variety of different knowledge elements for recombination (i.e., high cognitive-search variation) and exerted substantial cognitive effort.
AP Music Theory Applied
Authors: Spieker Matthew H.
Published: March 2016

Some American high schools include Advanced Placement (AP) Music Theory within their course offerings. Students who pass the AP exam can receive college credit either as a music or humanities credit. An AP class, however, offers music students more than future college credit; it ultimately improves musicianship skills and promotes deeper engagement within their ensembles. A more appropriate name for music theory could be musicianship training, as students gain understanding and become better musicians. There are many ways to apply musicianship training. Composition may be considered as the obvious application of music theory, but when viewing the course as musicianship training, teachers can develop many creative ways to apply these skills.
The Effects of Centralized Government Authority on Black and Latino Political Empowerment
Authors: Morel Domingo
Published: March 2016

Studies on centralization and its effect on political empowerment among racial minorities suggest that decentralized arrangements are optimal for increasing empowerment. However, this article argues that the “decentralization-as-optimal” perspective ignores the complicated history that racial minorities have had with government. To assess the effects of centralized government on political empowerment among racial minorities, this article examines how state takeovers of local school districts have affected black and Latino descriptive representation on local school boards. Using an original dataset of state takeovers of local school districts from 1989 to 2013, as well as case study analysis of Newark, New Jersey, this article shows that centralization affects communities differently according to the level of political empowerment they have at the time of centralization.
Self-Management of Adherence to Prescribed Stimulants in College Students With ADD/ADHD
Authors: Gould Odette N. , Doucette Clara
Published: March 2016

Objective: We examined how college students manage ADHD medication and how beliefs regarding the medication and attitudes of friends and families influence adherence on weekdays and weekends during an academic semester. Method: Undergraduate students ( n = 53) responded to an online survey to report their adherence, their beliefs about the effects of the medication, and their perception of important others’ views of adherence. Results: Students chose to take more medication on weekdays than weekends. On weekdays, beliefs that the medications enhance academic performance and social skills influenced adherence, and on weekends, beliefs regarding negative side effects were important. The perception that medication leads to a loss of authentic self reduced adherence at both times. Generally, students believed that important others wanted them to take medication. Conclusion: Students were actively weighing the costs and benefits of taking their ADHD medication and consciously adjusting adherence levels from day to day.
Design strategies from sexual exploitation and sex work studies among women and girls: Methodological considerations in a hidden and vulnerable population
Authors: Gerassi Lara , Edmond Tonya , Nichols Andrea
Published: March 2016

The study of sex trafficking, prostitution, sex work, and sexual exploitation is associated with many methodological issues and challenges. Researchers’ study designs must consider the many safety issues related to this vulnerable and hidden population. Community advisory boards and key stakeholder involvement are essential to study design to increase safety of participants, usefulness of study aims, and meaningfulness of conclusions. Nonrandomized sampling strategies are most often utilized when studying exploited women and girls, which have the capacity to provide rich data and require complex sampling and recruitment methods. This article reviews the current methodological issues when studying this marginalized population as well as strategies to address challenges while working with the community in order to bring about social change. The authors also discuss their own experiences in collaborating with community organizations to conduct research in this field.
Collateral flow predicts outcome after basilar artery occlusion: The posterior circulation collateral score
Authors: van der Hoeven Erik JRJ , McVerry Ferghal , Vos Jan Albert , Algra Ale , Puetz Volker , Kappelle L Jaap , Schonewille Wouter J ,   on behalf of the BASICS registry investigators
Published: March 2016

Background and Aim

Our aim was to assess the prognostic value of a semiquantitative computed tomography angiography-based grading system, for the prediction of outcome in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion, based on the presence of potential collateral pathways on computed tomography angiography: the posterior circulation collateral score (PC-CS).

Methods

One hundred forty-nine patients with acute basilar artery occlusion from the Basilar Artery International Cooperation Study were included. We related poor outcome at one month, defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 4 or 5, or death to collateral flow with Poisson regression. We used a 10 points grading system to quantify the potential for collateral flow in the posterior communicating arteries and the cerebellar arteries. Additionally, the relation between the presence and size of posterior communicating arteries and outcome was analyzed.

Results

Thirty-six patients had poor (PC-CS: 0–3), 59 patients intermediate (PC-CS: 4–5), and 54 patients good (PC-CS: 6–10) collaterals. Multivariable analyses showed a statistically significant lower risk of poor outcome in patients with a good PC-CS than in patients with a poor PC-CS (risk ratio (RR): 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58–0.96), but not for patients with an intermediate PC-CS compared with patients with a poor PC-CS (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.78–1.15). Multivariable analyses showed a statistically significant lower risk of poor outcome for the presence of at least one posterior communicating artery and for larger caliber of posterior communicating arteries (RR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66–0.95 and 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61–0.96, respectively).

Conclusions

The PC-CS predicted poor outcome at one month. In a separate analysis, both the absence and smaller caliber of posterior communicating arteries predicted poor outcome.
Driving in stroke survivors aged 18–65 years: The Psychosocial Outcomes In StrokE (POISE) Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Sungwook , Muhunthan Janani , Lindley Richard , Glozier Nick , Jan Stephen , Anderson Craig , Li Qiang , Hackett Maree L
Published: March 2016

Background

There is limited information regarding return to driving after stroke.

Aims

To determine the frequency and predictors of return to driving within 1 month of acute stroke in younger (age 18–65 years) adults.

Methods

POISE (Psychosocial Outcomes In StrokE) was a cohort study conducted in Australia between October 2008 and June 2010. Consecutive patients (age 18–65 years) with a recent (≤28 days) acute stroke were recruited. Validated demographic, clinical, mental health, cognitive, and disability measures including return to driving were obtained. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with return to driving within 1 month of stroke.

Results

Among 359 participants who were legally able to drive before stroke, 96 (26.7%) returned to driving within 1 month. Compared to those without an early return to driving ( n = 263), drivers were more often male, the main income earner, in paid work before stroke and without symptoms of depression or fatigue. Independence in activities of daily living (odds ratio (OR) 30.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.85–234.45), not recalling receiving advice on driving cessation (OR 5.55, 95% CI 2.86–11.11), and having returned to paid work (OR 3.93, 95% CI 1.94–7.96) were associated with early return to driving.

Conclusions

One in four young adults resumed driving within a month, contrary to guideline recommendations. These data reinforce the importance of deciding who is responsible for determining fitness to drive after stroke, when, and whether it is reasonable to enforce driving restrictions on those with minimal disability who are fit to return to work.

Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ANZCTRN 12608000459325.
Logistical and financial obstacles for endovascular therapy of acute stroke implementation
Authors: Schellinger Peter D , Köhrmann Martin , Nogueira Raul G
Published: March 2016

After publication of the recent positive randomized clinical endovascular trials, several questions and obstacles for wide spread implementation remain. We address specific issues namely efficacy, safety, logistics, timing, sedation, numbers, imaging, manpower, centers, geographics, and economical aspects of endovascular therapy. As we move forward, a high degree of collaboration will be crucial to implement a therapy with established overwhelming treatment efficacy for severe acute stroke patients.
Decreased kidney function relates to progression of cerebral microbleeds in lacunar stroke patients
Authors: van Overbeek Ellen C , Staals Julie , van Oostenbrugge Robert J
Published: March 2016

Background

It is hypothesized that impaired kidney function and cerebral microbleeds represent microvascular damage in different organs. Several cross-sectional studies found impaired kidney function to be associated with the presence of cerebral microbleeds.

Aim

To further confirm the association between both small vessel diseases, we aimed to determine whether kidney function is related to progression of cerebral microbleeds in a longitudinal study design.

Methods

In 89 lacunar stroke patients, baseline brain magnetic resonance imaging (including gradient-echo images), baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood pressure measurements, and follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging after two years were available. Presence of cerebral microbleeds on baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging was scored visually. Cerebral microbleeds progression was defined as the presence of any new microbleed on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging. The association between cerebral microbleeds progression (dependent variable) and eGFR (independent variable) was assessed by logistic regression analysis.

Results

Cerebral microbleeds progression was present in 17 patients (19.1%). Lower eGFR was associated with cerebral microbleeds progression (OR 1.55 per 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 decrease, 95% CI 1.05–2.30, with correction for sex and age). After additional correction for baseline presence of cerebral microbleeds or correction for cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure, this result remained significant.

Conclusions

In this longitudinal study, we found an independent association between lower eGFR and cerebral microbleeds progression. Cerebral microbleeds and impaired kidney function are both seen as manifestations of microvascular organ damage and our findings further strengthen the association between both small vessel pathologies and also the assumption that small vessel disease could be considered a multisystem disorder.
Comparison of activities of daily living after proximal row carpectomy or wrist four-corner fusion
Authors: Brinkhorst M.E. , Singh H.P. , Dias J.J. , Feitz R. , Hovius S.E.R.
Published: March 2016

Proximal row carpectomy and four-corner fusion are commonly used in the patients with scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse or scapholunate advanced collapse. We compared activities of daily living of the 24 patients after proximal row carpectomy with 24 patients with four-corner fusion procedures using the modified Sollerman hand function test and Michigan Hand Questionnaire. Most tasks were performed significantly quicker by the patients after proximal row carpectomy. The patients after proximal row carpectomy reported better function during activities of daily living.

Level of Evidence: Level III, Therapeutic Study.
Barriers to Diabetes Self-Management Among Rural Individuals in the Workplace
Authors: Grant Joan S. , Steadman Laura A.
Published: March 2016

Higher rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are found in rural populations and barriers lessen the ability of these individuals to effectively manage diabetes. By lessening potential barriers to self-care management, health professionals, especially occupational health nurses, can assist individuals confidently manage T2DM. In this article, the authors provide an overview of diabetes self-management barriers for rural populations and implications for health professionals who assist individuals with T2DM in the workplace.
Teaching Innovation Through Empathy
Authors: Armstrong Craig E.
Published: March 2016

Innovation is a crucial component for the growth and competitive advantage of organizations. Organizations today require effective processes of idea generation and implementation to remain relevant and competitive and, as a result, now search less for workers with highly specialized knowledge and more so for the ability to innovate. Students, especially business students who will lead the next generation of organizations, need to be better prepared with innovation skills to meet these requirements and to sustain successful careers. One promising approach for realizing these goals is design thinking. This article shows how design thinking can be incorporated through an adaptation of a design project experience created by Stanford University’s “d.school” into the undergraduate business classroom. This 1-hour, in-class exercise allowed students to apply design thinking principles that can contribute to their fluency in the design process and their skills in innovative thinking.
Exemplary Exercises for Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: DeSimone Justin A.
Published: March 2016

As interest in entrepreneurship continues to rise, educators should attempt to engage students through the use of interactive exercises that demonstrate key concepts and provide opportunities to practice what they learn. This article aims to describe four ideas for projects and assignments relevant to entrepreneurship education. Each of these tasks can be used to introduce concepts, initiate discussion, and provide students with the opportunity to gain experience with certain entrepreneurial activities. These exercises may also be useful when teaching courses on related topics in management. Instructors should think critically about how to tie course concepts to each of the exercises, tailoring each to fit the needs of their specific class.
Novel phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives accumulate in circulation in hyperlipidemic ApoE−/− mice and activate platelets via TLR2
Authors: Biswas Sudipta , Xin Liang , Panigrahi Soumya , Zimman Alejandro , Wang Hua , Yakubenko Valentin P. , Byzova Tatiana V. , Salomon Robert G. , Podrez Eugene A.
Published: March 2016

Key Points

CAP-PEs, a novel type of oxidatively modified phospholipids, are present in vivo. CAP-PEs can activate platelets via TLRs by inducing a cross-talk between innate immunity and integrin activation signaling pathways.
Testing the social competition hypothesis of depression using a simple economic game
Authors: Kupferberg Aleksandra , Hager Oliver M. , Fischbacher Urs , Brändle Laura S. , Haynes Melanie , Hasler Gregor
Published: March 2016

Background

Price's social competition hypothesis interprets the depressive state as an unconscious, involuntary losing strategy, which enables individuals to yield and accept defeat in competitive situations.

Aims

We investigated whether patients who suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD) would avoid competition more often than either patients suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD) or healthy controls.

Method

In a simple paper-folding task healthy participants and patiens with MDD and BPD were matched with two opponents, one with an unknown diagnosis and one who shared their clinical diagnosis, and they had to choose either a competitive or cooperative payment scheme for task completion.

Results

When playing against an unknown opponent, but not the opponent with the same diagnosis, the patients with depression chose the competitive payment scheme statistically less often than healthy controls and patients diagnosed with BPD.

Conclusion

The competition avoidance against the unknown opponent is consistent with Price's social competition hypothesis.
Internet cognitive–behavioural treatment for panic disorder: randomised controlled trial and evidence of effectiveness in primary care
Authors: Allen Adrian R. , Newby Jill M. , Mackenzie Anna , Smith Jessica , Boulton Matthew , Loughnan Siobhan A. , Andrews Gavin
Published: March 2016

Background

Internet cognitive–behavioural therapy (iCBT) for panic disorder of up to 10 lessons is well established. The utility of briefer programmes is unknown.

Aims

To determine the efficacy and effectiveness of a five-lesson iCBT programme for panic disorder.

Method

Study 1 (efficacy): Randomised controlled trial comparing active iCBT (n=27) and waiting list control participants (n=36) on measures of panic severity and comorbid symptoms. Study 2 (effectiveness): 330 primary care patients completed the iCBT programme under the supervision of primary care practitioners.

Results

iCBT was significantly more effective than waiting list control in reducing panic (g=0.97, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.61), distress (g=0.92, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.55), disability (g=0.81, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.44) and depression (g=0.79, 95% CI 0.17 to 1.41), and gains were maintained at 3 months post-treatment (iCBT group). iCBT remained effective in primary care, but lower completion rates were found (56.1% in study 2 v. 63% in study 1). Adherence appeared to be related to therapist contact.

Conclusions

The five-lesson Panic Program has utility for treating panic disorder, which translates to primary care. Adherence may be enhanced with therapist contact.
Building character: A creative writing intervention to encourage clinician reflection on the social determinants of health
Authors: Saffran Lise , Teti Michelle , Long Michelle
Published: March 2016

Research into the power of literature to enhance empathy supports the inclusion of reflective reading and writing in medical humanities programmes around the world. Building on additional research into perspective-taking, investigators piloted an intervention using guided fiction writing to focus participant attention on risky health behaviours and the social determinants of health. A mix of clinical and nonclinical participants at a medical humanities workshop were asked to develop a fictional character engaging in a negative health behaviour and write about that individual in two prescribed scenes. The exercises were found to be valuable and feasible by participants and highlighted themes in effective practice, including cultural competence. Analysis of the participants’ writing and the session transcript indicated increases in awareness of the social and economic determinants of health and suggested that examining modifiable risk behaviours in non-clinical settings through fiction writing may be an important tool in enhancing provider empathy.
Community arts, creativity and positive mental health and well-being: A case study of the Support to Recovery art gallery
Authors: Holland Sarah
Published: March 2016

Arts and creativity are often inter-linked with positive mental health and well-being. This article explores the relationship between a community arts project and the health and well-being of different user groups. A case study of a community art gallery run by a Kirklees-based mental health charity, Support to Recovery (S2R), is used in order to identify and explain areas of impact. Quantitative and qualitative data are used to demonstrate the varied impact of a community art gallery on the health and well-being of key beneficiaries: artists, volunteers, participants in arts and crafts workshops, people with declared mental ill health and members of the public. The article argues the importance of qualitative data in a study of this nature, and that the impact of the multi-faceted nature of the project is closely interlinked with indicators of positive health and well-being. This evidence provides an insight into the integration of arts into mental health practice through a community arts project, with a discussion of the transferability of the model.
The artist’s experience: Art sessions with inpatients and staff at The Maudsley Hospital
Authors: Sidhu Manjinder
Published: March 2016

Art can humanize a clinical healthcare system and encourage us to see people as whole. The social and therapeutic benefits of art programmes in healthcare settings have been well documented, and evidence now exists to justify public spending. Such programmes, increasingly multi-disciplined collaborations, rely on effective partnerships that value mutual understanding and respect for the unique strengths of all partners. To date, the perspective of patients, health care staff, arts organizations and policy-makers is widely reported in literature. But the artist’s ‘voice’ is missing from the conversation. Countering health’s predominantly instrumental relationship with art, where projects are discussed solely in terms of health or social outcomes, I document my experience of facilitating art sessions with staff and inpatients at the Maudsley Hospital.
Women re-imagining life through art: A/r/tographical discoveries in a community expressive arts studio
Authors: Leake Jena
Published: March 2016

This article introduces an art-based research study reflecting on women’s individual/collective experiences of personal transformation as they engage in visual art-making, writing, storytelling and ritual in a community expressive arts studio. The author shares how she investigated her practice of studio expressive arts therapy, where individual and therapeutic artistic work took place in a relational context through intermodal arts classes. Artist/participants become a community of a/r/tographers, examining the relational aesthetic of studio practice through art-making and writing as well as the creation of an art exhibit and performance ritual. The researcher explores her contiguous roles as artist/researcher/teacher/therapist, disrupting traditional views of therapeutic practice while questioning the role of the arts in healing and community. These re-imaginings invite transdisciplinary considerations of a/r/tography while considering the therapeutic aesthetics of gifting a/r/tographical works to public audiences.
Live wind music within an acute ward for people with dementia
Authors: Richardson Geoffrey , Clare Amy , Stapleton Sally , Wintergold Lawrence
Published: March 2016

This project sought to examine the effects of live music as an intervention to improve the well-being of people with dementia who had been admitted to an acute dementia assessment ward following severe psychological and behavioural distress. The literature search revealed little into the use of a group of musicians, none using a wind quintet (flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and horn), and few studies involving a group of wind musicians and people with dementia experiencing severe distress. Measurements were taken using Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) and the Bradford well-being and ill-being profiles. Data collected from individuals with dementia, carers, staff and players provided evidence to show that intervention using live group music had a positive effect upon individuals’ well-being. The number of participants was restricted to twelve – the capacity of the assessment unit – and there was no control group. This pilot study could lead to a larger, controlled research study. The interesting findings were observations of well-being in favour of ill-being in responses to the live music interventions. The precise mechanisms responsible for these affects appear complex, relating to both the musical and socially therapeutic dimensions of the intervention. An important secondary finding related to the positive effect of the whole process on musicians’ development in person-centred skills appropriate for working with people with severe dementia. The project also extended ward staff’s facilitation skills encouraging individuals’ participation in a new situation with a group of players on the ward.
Engaging in creative activity
Authors: Dragon Susan , Madsen Wendy
Published: March 2016

Almost anyone working in arts-based interventions has an intuitive understanding of the health and social benefits associated with this work, attributing outcomes to the role of the facilitator, the creative space, the social element and the art-making process. Potential positive benefits can be achieved from the multitude of ways that opportunities are created for engagement in creative activities, in spite of the lack of resources and limited conventional methods. Creative programmes exist in abundance in health organizations, community centres, local neighbourhood houses, schools and learning centres providing opportunities for participation in creative activity. We have lost the historical belief of art as a healing tool and in the value of engaging local communities in creative activity if we do not give voice to the participants of these less publicized, smaller, local art programmes and explore their experiences of engaging in the art-making process.
Reviews
Authors: Bailey Sally , Donohue Kate T. , Herman Lisa , Maat Mercedes Ballbe ter
Published: March 2016

A Guide to Research Ethics for Arts Therapists and Arts & Health Practitioners, Camilla Farrant, Mercedes Pavlicevic and Giorgos Tsiris (2014) London and Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 157 pp., ISBN: 9781849054195, Paperback £15.99

The Writer’s Key – Introducing Creative Solutions for Life, Gillie Bolton (2014) London and Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishing, 168 pp., ISBN: 9781849054751, Paperback £14.99

Attunement in Expressive Arts Therapy – Towards an Understanding of Embodied Empathy, Mitchell Kossak (2015) Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers Ltd, 168 pp., ISBN: 9780398081362, p/bk, $28.95, ISBN: 9780398081379, e-book

Bridging Cultural Terrains: Expanding the Lens of Art Therapy – 2015 American Art Therapy Association 46th Annual Conference, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA , 8–12 July 2015
Evaluation of anti-oxidant status in-vitro and in-vivo in hydro-alcoholic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus
Authors: Ghai Roma , Nagarajan Kandasamy , Singh Jitendra , Swarup Shiwam , Keshari Minu
Published: March 2016

Free radicals mediated oxidative stress is the major risk factor for many chronic diseases like atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, cancer, ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. Therapy with anti-oxidants is gradually gaining lot of importance for treatment of such diseases. Hydro-alcoholic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus was studied for its in-vivo antioxidant activity using two different animal models viz. Triton induced hyperlipidemia and High fat diet induced hyperlipidemia. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content, DPPH assay was also carried out for in vitro anti-oxidant efficacy. Total protein, lipid peroxidation (MDA), reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were evaluated in the liver tissue in Triton induced hyperlipidemia and diet induced hyperlipidemia models. The study findings indicated significant in-vivo and in-vitro antioxidant property that may be related to the amount of polyphenols and flavonoids present in the extract. These results clearly indicate that Eugenia caryophyllus is effective against free radical mediated oxidative stress.
TRABAJOS PRÁCTICOS: UNA REFLEXIÓN DESDE SUS POTENCIALIDADES
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Wolfang Andres , Hernández Barbosa Rubinsten
Published: March 2016

Se hace una revisión teórica en torno a los Trabajos Prácticos, que incluye aspectos históricos, finalidades y referentes como línea de investigación en ascenso. Los autores consideran que la incorporación y uso de los Trabajos Prácticos en la escuela, y de manera particular como estrategia didáctica de trabajo escolar en ciencias naturales, favorece la construcción de conocimiento científico escolar. Por lo tanto, es fundamental reconocer y valorar sus potencialidades así como los posibles inconvenientes en la implementación en el aula.

Abstract

In this text a theoretical review about Practical Works, which include historical aspects, purposes and references as an emergent research line is made. The authors consider that the incorporation and usage of Practical Works at schools, and particularly as a didactic educational strategy in natural sciences teaching, promotes the construction of school scientific knowledge. Therefore, it is fundamental to recognize and value their potential as well as their possible problems in its implementation in the classroom.
LAS CIENCIAS NATURALES EN LA PRENSA ESCRITA
Authors: Zorrilla Erica Gabriela , Mazzitelli Claudia Alejandra
Published: March 2016

Al abordar el estudio de las representaciones sociales en relación con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las Ciencias, resulta relevante indagar en la prensa escrita de qué manera se presenta a las Ciencias Naturales. Atendiendo a esto trabajamos con las ediciones del año 2012 de periódicos de la provincia de San Juan, Argentina. Para su selección tuvimos en cuenta las respuestas dadas por docentes y alumnos a una encuesta en las que se les solicitó que señalaran los diarios de versión impresa que leen, así como si leen las noticias de Ciencia que se publican en los mismos. A partir del análisis realizado hemos inferido las posibles influencias de la prensa en la formación o el fortalecimiento de representaciones sociales, habiendo encontrado que algunas representaciones podrían favorecer tanto la enseñanza como el aprendizaje, mientras que otras podrían obstaculizar dichos procesos.

Abstract

In addressing the study of social representations relating to the teaching and learning of Science, we considered relevant to inquire how Natural Science is presented in the written press. To this end, we worked with the 2012 editions of newspapers published in the province of San Juan, Argentine. For the data collection we took into account the answers given by teachers and students in an initial questionnaire where they were asked to name the newspapers they used to read and to say if they read the science news published in them. From our analysis we have been able to infer the possible influences of the media in construing or strengthening the social representations, some of which could either favour both teaching and learning or hinder such processes.
Construcción del concepto de tecnología en una red virtual de aprendizaje
Authors: Molina Vásquez Ruth
Published: March 2016

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la tesis doctoral titulada “Construcción del concepto de tecnología en una red virtual de aprendizaje”. El objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar el proceso que realizan estudiantes de séptimo grado al construir el concepto de tecnología cuando interactúan en una red virtual de aprendizaje. Apoyado en elementos teóricos desde las redes de conocimiento en los procesos educativos, las concepciones sobre tecnología y los procesos de conceptualización, se diseña y desarrolla la Red virtual de aprendizaje en tecnología –REVATEC-. Con base en el desarrollo de las actividades propuestas allí, se realiza desde la metodología de teoría fundamentada, un análisis de los enfoques instrumental, cognitivo, sistémico y cultural que se construyen en torno a la tecnología, la forma como se relacionan y el proceso de construcción del concepto en los procesos de interacción de los estudiantes que participan en esta red.  
Escritura(s) y modos de subjetivación: del ciudadano moderno a la subjetividad juvenil contemporánea
Authors: Bermudez Grajales Monica Maria
Published: March 2016

El presente texto plantea el lugar preponderante que tuvo la escritura en la configuración política del ciudadano moderno. Prácticas escriturales concebidas para el desarrollo de la autonomía, el autocontrol y la domesticación de las pasiones fueron algunas de las aristas que promovieron la construcción de un sujeto racional que pudiera participar en la esfera pública y en las actividades propuestas por el Estado-nación. Hoy, el sentido de la escritura moderna ha variado: paralelamente a las transiciones económicas, sociales y tecnológicas están sugiriendo otros modos de escribir. De hecho no requerimos de aquel tipo de escritura como única condición para la participación política, pues hoy los movimientos sociales y las interacciones comunicativas-digitales de muchos jóvenes con sus narrativas hipertextuales nos muestran una reivindicación de lo oral, lo sonoro y lo icónico como trámite de una subjetividad política que no deviene racional en el sentido moderno, sino nómada, vernácula y sensible. 
Del paradigma alfabetizador a los lugares enunciativos sobre la alfabetización
Authors: Laiton Pérez Yeison Alberto
Published: March 2016

El propósito de esta reflexión es plantear que cualquier concepto de alfabetización juega un papel estratégico dentro de cada cultura al encargarse de potenciar o disminuir tanto los efectos sociales producidos por unos discursos como los recursos materiales sobre los cuales estos adquieren su significación. Se pretende analizar algunos elementos, que desde una mirada decolonial, permiten problematizar los enfoques contemporáneos sobre la escritura y la lectura en la educación. Según esta aproximación, en Occidente existe un monopolio sobre el saber acerca del alfabetismo, que dejaría la diversidad de posibilidades de lectura y escritura diversas en desventaja frente a un diálogo de saberes. La teoría del discurso multimodal y las reflexiones de la pedagogía de las multialfabetizaciones amplían la escritura centrada en el lenguaje gráfico-alfabético para dar cabida a otras posibilidades de significación. Teniendo en cuenta las demandas de equidad en nuestras sociedades, resultaría inadecuado referirse a la alfabetización como un concepto universalmente válido.
Seminario Taller Creativo, Danza. Historias de vida en el hacer de una maestra
Authors: Palacios Manyoma Martha Cecilia
Published: March 2016

Esta experiencia pedagógica da a conocer el deseo de una maestra que se pregunta por el devenir de sus prácticas artísticas como formadora de maestros en la Escuela Normal Superior Distrital María Montessori. La mueve una constante inquietud por saber de dónde deviene su interés por la historia de los cuerpos, de las corporeidades y la subjetividad que los constituyen. En esta búsqueda centra su atención en las huellas ancestrales de lo aprendido en el espacio de su hogar para reflexionar cómo los encuentros familiares marcaron su cuerpo-corporeidad. Asimismo, el pensar y sentir lo que la escuela de la década de los setenta dejó en ella como cuerpo negado. Es así como surgen diversos interrogantes por sus prácticas de corporeidad en su quehacer como formadora de  maestros normalistas.
Repensar la lectoescritura para nuevos tiempos: multimodalidad, multiliteracidades y nuevas alfabetizaciones
Authors: Rowsell Jenniffer , Walsh Maureen , Castañeda Harold
Published: March 2016

Este artículo presenta una revisión teórica de los nuevos campos de la investigación, la pedagogía y las prácticas en la educación lectoescritural. En un mundo digital, dominado por los medios y globalizado, los educadores se enfrentan al reto de mediar las nociones de lo que significa ser alfabetizado (por ejemplo, leer y escribir textos impresos) con habilidades nuevas y emergentes y los intereses en la tecnología y los medios digitales. Enfocándonos en un estudio piloto en Oakville (Ontario, Canadá) y en un estudio longitudinal realizado en Sídney (Australia), pedimos a los lectores pensar sobre las literacidades desde una nueva perspectiva. Sin apoyo para repensar la literacidad, los educares corren el riesgo de enseñar y aprender sobre el lenguaje y las habilidades de literacidad a partir de paradigmas y marcos asincrónicos. Como la investigación no ha establecido completamente el impacto de la comunicación multimodal, es esencial que los educadores aprendan a usar estos modos diferentes de comunicación para enseñar la literacidad.
La Multimodalidad del cómic: Una experiencia de lectura de imágenes en los primeros grados escolares
Authors: Chacón Méndez Adriana
Published: March 2016

El presente artículo es el resultado de la investigación “Lectores de cómics: constructores de sentido”, una experiencia de lectura de imágenes que desde la perspectiva semiótica favorece la construcción de sentido de lo que se lee y posibilita la producción escrita en el contexto escolar. Esta investigación se realizó con estudiantes de segundo de primaria, en clase de lenguaje, en una institución educativa pública de Bogotá. El proyecto se desarrolló a través del diseño metodológico de la sistematización de experiencias que correlaciona los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje a través de prácticas pedagógicas que responden a nuevos modos de leer nuevos lenguajes, nuevas formas de representar y configurar la cultura.
La imagen en las Artes Visuales. Nuevos modos de comunicación en la escuela
Authors: Gutiérrez Castro Flor Ángela
Published: March 2016

Resumen

Este artículo de reflexión tiene como objetivo explicar otras posibilidades y reconocimientos al uso de la imagen visual en los nuevos modos de comunicación en la escuela, mediante el desarrollo de algunas estrategias de acción referidas a la contemplación y la producción de la imagen: primero, sortear la tendencia a la transmisión de imágenes como reflejo transparente de realidades sugeridas; segundo, ir más allá de la interpretación de las imágenes en términos de lo negativo/positivo; y tercero, considerar en la escuela la importancia de las artes visuales en la construcción del sujeto. A partir de esta reflexión se desarrollan algunas claves conceptuales de la imagen como componente de la subjetividad desde rasgos distintivos que la revelan más desde su contenido que desde su definición. El artículo concluye esbozando la necesidad de construir nuevas prácticas, en las que más allá de favorecer el cumplimento de programas académicos instaurados se construyan otras condiciones para entender la imagen como acontecimiento comprensible mediante la relación cultural visual-artes visuales. 
La petición de la escritura en los escenarios educativos
Authors: Skliar Carlos , Brailovsky Daniel
Published: March 2016

Este texto intenta indagar sobre los diferentes sentidos del “pedido del escribir”, acerca del “pedir la escritura”: solicitar el deseo de escribir, y aspirar entonces a ese deslizamiento cálido que sin exigirse, se espera, se deja ver, se ampara en el vacío a ser llenado; o pedir una buena idea hecha texto, y constituirse entonces en espectador de las palabras pedidas, en crítico que aplaude o abuchea, en dominio de lo público representado en la lectura del maestro; o pedir técnicas bien aplicadas, pedir tareas bien hechas, pedir sinceridad a toda costa, pedir que algo nuevo para quien escribe se consolide en el terreno de dominio del que pide.
Anxiety levels in employees and students in psychiatric nursing
Authors: Bole Urban , Bregar Branko
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Several research finding indicate that nursing care professionals are often faced with situations which may lead to anxiety. The aim of the present research was to determine the prevalence and typical signs of anxiety among nursing employees and nursing students in psychiatric settings. Methods: The Burns Anxiety Inventory was used as an assessment tool to measure anxiety. The research sample consisted of 242 participants. The data collected were processed by the descriptive statistics, Leveneʹs test, the ANOVA statistical test, the Welchʹs t-test, and the post hoc analysis. Pearsonʹs correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of the association between the variables. Results: The results of the current study show that nearly half of the participants experience anxiety, but the differences were noted as regards their anxiety thoughts (p = 0.039). Anxiety feelings are more prevalent in female students (p = 0.046). Habitual smokers (p = 0.030) and casual smokers (p = 0.020) are more likely to develop anxious feelings and physical signs of anxiety. The anxiety signs are also more pronounced in the respondents with self-assessed lower economic status (p = 0.001) and poor self-rated health (p = 0.0001). Discussion and conclusion: The professionals and students in psychiatric nursing often encounter situations conducive to the development of anxiety. Further studies on the current topic are therefore recommended to design adequate educational programmes to timely recognise anxiety symptoms and to implement mutual and self-help measure.
Content validity and internal reliability of Slovene version of Medication Administration Error Survey
Authors: Vrbnjak Dominika , Pahor Dušica , Štiglic Gregor , Pajnkihar Majda
Published: March 2016

Introduction: In Slovenia there is a lack of valid and reliable instruments for measuring medication administration errors. The aim of research is to determine the content validity and internal reliability of the Slovenian version of the ''Medication Administration Error Survey''. Methods: We used the translation and back translation tested the questionnaire for its content validity on the basis of an agreement of eight experts. Content validity was quantified by the content validity index and a modified Cohen kappa index. A cross-sectional design, with a convenience sample of 91 caregivers working in internal or surgical wards in two health care institutions, was used to test the internal consistency by calculating Cronbach's α and corrected item-total correlations. Results: 64 items showed an excellent content validity index, ranging from 0.875 to 1.000, and modified kappa index over 0.740. Two items had a content validity index 0.750 and modified kappa index 0.560. The average content validity index for three main parts of the questionnaire ranged from 0.940 to 0.959. Cronbach's α for these three parts ranged from 0.832 to 0.989. The corrected item-total correlations reached a required criterion for all items, except one. Discussion and conclusion: Instrument has an acceptable content validity and internal reliability, however, due to some methodological shortcomings results should be interpreted with caution. Further psychometric testing is needed.