bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neonatal Frequency-Following Responses: A Methodological Framework for Clinical Applications
Authors: Gorina-Careta Natàlia , Ribas-Prats Teresa , Arenillas-Alcón Sonia , Puertollano Marta , Gómez-Roig M Dolores , Escera Carles
Published: October 2022

The frequency-following response (FFR) to periodic complex sounds is a noninvasive scalp-recorded auditory evoked potential that reflects synchronous phase-locked neural activity to the spectrotemporal components of the acoustic signal along the ascending auditory hierarchy. The FFR has gained recent interest in the fields of audiology and auditory cognitive neuroscience, as it has great potential to answer both basic and applied questions about processes involved in sound encoding, language development, and communication. Specifically, it has become a promising tool in neonates, as its study may allow both early identification of future language disorders and the opportunity to leverage brain plasticity during the first 2 years of life, as well as enable early interventions to prevent and/or ameliorate sound and language encoding disorders. Throughout the present review, we summarize the state of the art of the neonatal FFR and, based on our own extensive experience, present methodological approaches to record it in a clinical environment. Overall, the present review is the first one that comprehensively focuses on the neonatal FFRs applications, thus supporting the feasibility to record the FFR during the first days of life and the predictive potential of the neonatal FFR on detecting short- and long-term language abilities and disruptions.
A Home-Based Approach to Auditory Brainstem Response Measurement: Proof-of-Concept and Practical Guidelines
Authors: Parker Ashley , Skoe Erika , Tecoulesco Lee , Naigles Letitia
Published: October 2022

Broad-scale neuroscientific investigations of diverse human populations are difficult to implement. This is because the primary neuroimaging methods (magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography [EEG]) historically have not been portable, and participants may be unable or unwilling to travel to test sites. Miniaturization of EEG technologies has now opened the door to neuroscientific fieldwork, allowing for easier access to under-represented populations. Recent efforts to conduct auditory neuroscience outside a laboratory setting are reviewed and then an in-home technique for recording auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and frequency-following responses (FFRs) in a home setting is introduced. As a proof of concept, we have conducted two in-home electrophysiological studies: one in 27 children aged 6 to 16 years (13 with autism spectrum disorder) and another in 12 young adults aged 18 to 27 years, using portable electrophysiological equipment to record ABRs and FFRs to click and speech stimuli, spanning rural and urban and multiple homes and testers. We validate our fieldwork approach by presenting waveforms and data on latencies and signal-to-noise ratio. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and utility of home-based ABR/FFR techniques, paving the course for larger fieldwork investigations of populations that are difficult to test or recruit. We conclude this tutorial with practical tips and guidelines for recording ABRs and FFRs in the field and discuss possible clinical and research applications of this approach.
Examining the Profile of Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy Using iPhone Health App Data and Cochlear and Brainstem Electrophysiological Responses to Fast Clicks Rates
Authors: Kaf Wafaa A. , Turntine Madison , Jamos Abdullah , Smurzynski Jacek
Published: October 2022

Little is known about objective classifying of noise exposure risk levels in personal listening device (PLD) users and electrophysiologic evidence of cochlear synaptopathy at very fast click rates. The aim of the study was to objectively classify noise exposure risk using iPhone Health app and identify signs of cochlear synaptopathy using behavioral and electrophysiologic measures. Thirty normal-hearing females (aged 18–26 years) were grouped based on their iPhone Health app's 6-month listening level and noise exposure data into low-risk and high-risk groups. They were assessed using a questionnaire, extended high-frequency (EHF) audiometry, QuickSIN test, distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), and simultaneous recording of electrocochleography (ECochG) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) at three click rates (19.5/s, 97.7/s, 234.4/s). A series of ANOVAs and independent samples t-test were conducted for group comparison. Both groups had within-normal EHF hearing thresholds and DPOAEs. However, the high-risk participants were over twice as likely to suffer from tinnitus, had abnormally large summating potential to action potential amplitude and area ratios at fast rates, and had slightly smaller waves I and V amplitudes. The high-risk group demonstrated a profile of behavioral and objective signs of cochlear synaptopathy based on ECochG and ABR recordings at fast click rates. The findings in this study suggest that the iPhone Health app may be a useful tool for further investigation into cochlear synaptopathy in PLD users.
Translational Applications of Machine Learning in Auditory Electrophysiology
Authors: Smith Spencer
Published: October 2022

Machine learning (ML) is transforming nearly every aspect of modern life including medicine and its subfields, such as hearing science. This article presents a brief conceptual overview of selected ML approaches and describes how these techniques are being applied to outstanding problems in hearing science, with a particular focus on auditory evoked potentials (AEPs). Two vignettes are presented in which ML is used to analyze subcortical AEP data. The first vignette demonstrates how ML can be used to determine if auditory learning has influenced auditory neurophysiologic function. The second vignette demonstrates how ML analysis of AEPs may be useful in determining whether hearing devices are optimized for discriminating speech sounds.
Implementation of Machine Learning on Human Frequency-Following Responses: A Tutorial
Authors: Jeng Fuh-Cherng , Jeng Yu-Shiang
Published: October 2022

The frequency-following response (FFR) provides enriched information on how acoustic stimuli are processed in the human brain. Based on recent studies, machine learning techniques have demonstrated great utility in modeling human FFRs. This tutorial focuses on the fundamental principles, algorithmic designs, and custom implementations of several supervised models (linear regression, logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines) and an unsupervised model (k-means clustering). Other useful machine learning tools (Markov chains, dimensionality reduction, principal components analysis, nonnegative matrix factorization, and neural networks) are discussed as well. Each model's applicability and its pros and cons are explained. The choice of a suitable model is highly dependent on the research question, FFR recordings, target variables, extracted features, and their data types. To promote understanding, an example project implemented in Python is provided, which demonstrates practical usage of several of the discussed models on a sample dataset of six FFR features and a target response label.
Can Pelvic Orientation Be Accurately Predicted Using One Radiographic View Alone?
Authors: Vigdorchik Jonathan M. , Bieganowski Thomas , Christensen Thomas H. , O'Sullivan Michael , Buckland Aaron J. , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: October 2022

Pelvic positioning during total hip arthroplasty (THA) can affect the functional position of the acetabular component. A comprehensive understanding of pelvic orientation before THA is necessary to allow for proper cup positioning and mitigate the risks of postoperative complications. Measurements using anteroposterior (AP) radiographs have been described as an effective means of accurately predicting pelvic functional orientation. The purpose of our study was to describe the accuracy of assessing pelvic tilt using AP radiographs alone. An online survey was created and sent to a cohort of fellowship-trained adult reconstruction (AR) surgeons. The survey consisted of 65 standing AP pelvis radiographs. Participants were asked to score each radiograph as (1) anterior pelvic tilt more than 10 degrees, (2) posterior pelvic tilt more than 10 degrees, or (3) neutral. Responses were then compared with measurements of pelvic tilt made on lateral standing pelvic radiographs. Demographic data, such as country of practice, surgical volume, surgical approach, familiarity with spinopelvic mobility, and planning with spinopelvic mobility were evaluated. Categorical variables were compared using chi-squared analysis and analysis of variance. Continuous variables were assessed using unpaired, two-tailed Student's t-tests. A total of 45 surgeons completed the survey. The average correct predictive value of pelvic tilt between all surgeons was 53.2%. Of the responding surgeons, 51.2% performed greater than 100 cases per year. Fifty percent of surgeons reported that they were “not so familiar” or “somewhat familiar” with the principles of spinopelvic mobility. Also, 43.5% of surgeons reported that they did not routinely use spinopelvic mobility principles in THA planning. Pelvic orientation before THA is poorly predicted in our cohort of surveyed fellowship-trained AR surgeons with standing AP pelvis radiographs alone. Given the limited understanding of these principles within our cohort, preoperative evaluation of spinopelvic parameters with AP radiographs may require supplementation with lateral pelvic views to ensure detailed assessment and accurate preoperative planning. This is a prospective survey study and reflects level of evidence II.
Building Research Initiatives by Developing Group Effort (BRIDGE): Patient-Partners in Aphasia Research
Authors: Brice Alejandro , Hinckley Jacqueline
Published: October 2022

Researcher-initiated research often has little or no input from the groups who will be affected by the results of the research. The aim of this project was to describe practices of embracing patient-partners (i.e., individuals with aphasia and spouses/family members) in research. Six webinars were developed for both researchers and patient-partners that were required prior to participating in a joint conference that focused on collaborative research teams. The conference was designed based on an appreciative inquiry approach. Including patient-partners into research priorities and planning has been accomplished across various health domains in the United States, but this was the first organized national effort, in the United States, to support the inclusion of people with aphasia and their families as active partners in the research process. Consequently, it is hoped that future aphasia researchers also include patient-partner teams into their research process for more ecologically valid outcomes.
Urinary Nephrin is a Sensitive Marker to Predict Early Onset of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Veluri Ganesh , Mannangatti Murugan
Published: October 2022

Objective The present study has been designed to evaluate urinary nephrin that best predicts the occurrence of renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its correlation with clinical parameters of nephropathy.

Materials and Methods A total of 80 type 2 diabetes mellitus and 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. Biochemical and clinical parameters were analyzed in all the study participants. Analysis of variance was performed to compare the differences between the groups. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the association of nephrin with clinical parameters of nephropathy. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to study the diagnostic accuracy of markers to identify diabetic nephropathy.

Results The levels of nephrin were significantly elevated in both groups of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients when compared with healthy individuals (p = 0.0001). The urinary nephrin was positively correlated with hemoglobin A1c and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (r = 0.520, 0.657, p < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = –0.539, p < 0.0001). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of nephrin for nephropathy were 100 and 88%, respectively, and urinary albumin creatinine ratio was 43 and 76%, respectively.

Conclusion The study findings suggest that nephrin levels are strongly and positively associated with nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and it has a greater potential to be an early predictable marker of nephropathy than urinary albumin creatinine ratio.
Novel microcrystal formulation could help treat common cause of blindness
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: October 2022

Developing a treatment with novel biomaterials for patients with chronic uveitis
ITER collective Thomson scattering—Preparing to diagnose fusion-born alpha particles (invited)
Authors: Korsholm S. B. , Chambon A. , Gonçalves B. , Infante V. , Jensen T. , Jessen M. , Klinkby E. B. , Larsen A. W. , Luis R. , Nietiadi Y. , Nonbøl E. , Rasmussen J. , Rechena D. , Salewski M. , Taormina A. , Vale A. , Varela P. , Sanchez L. , Ballester R. M. , Udintsev V. , Liu Y.
Published: October 2022

The ITER Collective Thomson scattering (CTS) diagnostic will measure the dynamics of fusion-born alpha particles in the burning ITER plasma by scattering a 1 MW 60 GHz gyrotron beam off fast-ion induced fluctuations in the plasma. The diagnostic will have seven measurement volumes across the ITER cross section and will resolve the alpha particle energies in the range from 300 keV to 3.5 MeV; importantly, the CTS diagnostic is the only diagnostic capable of measuring confined alpha particles for energies below ∼1.7 MeV and will also be sensitive to the other fast-ion populations. The temporal resolution is 100 ms, allowing the capture of dynamics on that timescale, and the typical spatial resolution is 10–50 cm. The development and design of the in-vessel and primary parts of the CTS diagnostic has been completed. This marks the beginning of a new phase of preparation to maximize the scientific benefit of the diagnostic, e.g., by investigating the capability to contribute to the determination of the fuel-ion ratio and the bulk ion temperature as well as integrating data analysis with other fast-ion and bulk-ion diagnostics.
The giant orbital Hall effect in Cr/Au/Co/Ti multilayers
Authors: Zhang Jianrong , Xie Hongfei , Zhang Xu , Yan Ze , Zhai Yongbo , Chi Junhong , Xu Hengyi , Zuo Yalu , Xi Li
Published: October 2022

The spin–orbit torques originating from the spin Hall effect of heavy metals are of vital importance for applications in spintronics due to its low consumption of energy. Theoretical calculations have predicted that 3d and 4d light metals can produce a similar amount of torques to heavy metals via the strong orbital Hall effect (OHE). However, few experiments have been conducted since it is technically challenging to directly detect the orbital current from the OHE. Here, we report an effective approach to demonstrate the strong orbital torques in the light metal Cr with the aid of a conversion process from the orbital current to the spin current by introducing an Au interfacial layer in the Cr/ferromagnet structures. A rather large orbital torque efficiency and an increase with the increasing thickness of the Cr-layer are attained in the perpendicularly magnetized Cr/Au/Co/Ti multilayers. Moreover, an energy efficient magnetization switching and the domain wall motion in Cr/Au/Co/Ti multilayers induced by the OHE have also been observed. Our findings confirm the existence of the orbital Hall torques in Cr and provide an effective way to investigate the OHE.
Improved thermoelectric performance of Ag2–xAlxSe through formation of AgAl phase
Authors: Ahmad Sajid , Sarkar Pritam , Bhatt Pramod , Bhattacharya Shovit , Navaneethan M. , Basu Ranita , Bhatt Ranu , Bohra Anil , Debnath A. K. , Muthe K. P. , Vitta Satish , Singh Ajay
Published: October 2022

Mixed ion–electron conductor Ag2Se is an n-type semiconductor owing to the intrinsic Se vacancies. By reducing Se vacancies, Ag2Se has been demonstrated as a potential environment-friendly thermoelectric material for near room temperature application. In the present work, Al addition was found to be highly beneficial for improving the thermoelectric properties of Ag2Se. In Ag1.95Al0.05Se, a large enhancement in the charge carrier mobility (1127 cm2/V s) is witnessed due to the formation of Se-rich Ag2Se1.02 phase with improved grain connectivity through in situ formed AgAl phase. The synergetic effect of low carrier concentration and enhanced mobility in Al doped samples resulted in a high Seebeck coefficient and high electrical conductivity, leading to a high power factor of 3039 μW/m K2 at 300 K. The figure-of-merit of Ag1.95Al0.05Se was found to be 1.1 at 300 K i.e., 57% higher than for pure Ag2Se. The uni-leg device fabricated using Ag1.95Al0.05Se with electroplated Ni/Ag contacts showed a conversion efficiency of ∼3.2% for a temperature difference of 93 K, i.e., comparable to the best reported value for conventional bismuth telluride.
Analysis of the momentum recovery in the wake of aligned axial-flow hydrokinetic turbines
Authors: Posa A. , Broglia R.
Published: October 2022

Large-Eddy Simulations are reported, dealing with an axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine operating in the wake of an upstream one. Computations were conducted on a cylindrical grid consisting of 3.8 × 109 points, using an Immersed-Boundary methodology. The performance of the downstream turbine was negatively affected by the wake of the upstream one and substantially dependent on its distance. Results demonstrated a faster wake development, compared to the case of the same turbine operating in isolated conditions within a uniform flow, due to the faster instability of the tip vortices, induced by the perturbation of the inflow conditions by the wake of the upstream turbine. In contrast with the turbine performance, the process of wake recovery was found rather insensitive to the distance from the upstream turbine. In comparison with the case of the isolated turbine, the role of radial turbulent transport just downstream of the instability of the tip vortices was found especially important in accelerating the process of wake recovery at the outer radii, providing a significant contribution together with radial advection. Further downstream, the contribution by turbulent transport was verified reinforced also within the wake core, where instead momentum replenishment by radial advection was rather limited.
Structural stability of
β
-Ga2O3 under ion irradiation
Authors: Petkov Alexander , Cherns David , Chen Wei-Ying , Liu Junliang , Blevins John , Gambin Vincent , Li Meimei , Liu Dong , Kuball Martin
Published: October 2022

β-Ga2O3 was suggested to have excellent irradiation hardness which makes β-Ga2O3-based devices extremely attractive for nuclear and space applications. To discern the fundamental nano-scale structural changes with irradiation, an in situ irradiation experiment in a transmission electron microscope was carried out using 400 keV Ar ions of fluences up to 8 × 1015 cm−2 (equivalent to four displacements per atom). Contrary to previous works, which indicate a phase transition of β-Ga2O3 into the κ polymorph, the β-Ga2O3 structure was found to remain intact throughout except for (i) anisotropic lattice distortions, which are most significant at low levels of irradiation, and (ii) the appearance of additional weak reflections above 2 dpa irradiation. The origin of the extra reflections is discussed.
Impact of conjugated polymer addition on the properties of paraffin–asphaltene blends for heat storage applications: Insight from computer modeling and experiment
Authors: Larin S. V. , Makarova V. V. , Gorbacheva S. N. , Yakubov M. R. , Antonov S. V. , Borzdun N. I. , Glova A. D. , Nazarychev V. M. , Gurtovenko A. A. , Lyulin S. V.
Published: October 2022

Adding carbon nanoparticles into organic phase change materials (PCMs) such as paraffin is a common way to enhance their thermal conductivity and to improve the efficiency of heat storage devices. However, the sedimentation stability of such blends can be low due to aggregation of aromatic carbon nanoparticles in the aliphatic paraffin environment. In this paper, we explore whether this important issue can be resolved by the introduction of a polymer agent such as poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) into the paraffin–nanoparticle blends: P3HT could ensure the compatibility of aromatic carbon nanoparticles with aliphatic paraffin chains. We employed a combination of experimental and computational approaches to determine the impact of P3HT addition on the properties of organic PCMs composed of paraffin and carbon nanoparticles (asphaltenes). Our findings clearly show an increase in the sedimentation stability of paraffin–asphaltene blends, when P3HT is added, through a decrease in average size of asphaltene aggregates as well as in an increase of the blends’ viscosity. We also witness the appearance of the yield strength and gel-like behavior of the mixtures. At the same time, the presence of P3HT in the blends has almost no effect on their thermophysical properties. This implies that all properties of the blends, which are critical for heat storage applications, are well preserved. Thus, we demonstrated that adding polyalkylthiophenes to paraffin–asphaltene mixtures led to significant improvement in the performance characteristics of these systems. Therefore, the polymer additives can serve as promising compatibilizers for organic PCMs composed of paraffins and asphaltenes and other types of carbon nanoparticles.
Staircase formation in unstably stratified double diffusive finger convection
Authors: Rosenthal A. , Lüdemann K. , Tilgner A.
Published: October 2022

Double diffusive staircases are experimentally investigated in a fluid layer with a stabilizing temperature gradient and a destabilizing gradient of ion concentration. Gradients of temperature and ion concentration are maintained in a steady state within an electrochemical system. Staircases are observed even if the density stratification is unstable. None of the previously proposed mechanisms for staircase formation can be recognized in the experiments. Ion transport through fingers that are part of a staircase is not the same as the transport through fingers extending through the entire cell. Fingers cease to exist if the diffusive heat transport between neighboring fingers is insufficient.
Connection between the time distribution and length scale of dynamic heterogeneity explored by probe reorientations of different sizes
Authors: Kim Kimyung , Lee Soohyun , Kim Taegeun , Chung You Kyoung , Huh Joonsuk , Yang Jaesung , Lee Anna , Paeng Keewook
Published: October 2022

The rotational dynamics of fluorescent probes of different sizes in glass-forming materials were examined to correlate the time distribution and length scale of the dynamic heterogeneity (ξhet). As the size of the probe increased, the temperature dependence of the rotation correlation time (τc) shifted to longer times, and from this shift, the length scale associated with the glass transition (ξα) was estimated through the Debye–Stokes–Einstein (DSE) relationship and the length scale of the probe (ξsDFT) estimated from quantum mechanical calculations. The estimated ξα values roughly matched with ξhet obtained from calorimetric analysis but were considerably smaller than those deduced from 4D NMR, boson peak, and four-point dynamic susceptibility measurements but with a similar trend of decrease in the length scale upon the increase in the stretching exponent (β) of the system. Because β of the glass formers represents the time distribution of the system, and τc is related to the weighted average of the distribution, the length-scale distribution of the glass transition can be deduced by adopting the DSE relationship and assuming ξα is the weighted average of this distribution at the glass transition temperature. In such a case, the upper bound of the length scale and trend matches the experimentally obtained ξhet from 4D NMR, boson peak, and four-point dynamic susceptibility measurements. Furthermore, at a given temperature, as the probe size increased, the β value reported by the probe increased, whereas the temperature dependence of β, which strongly correlates with the fragility of the system, was independent of the probe size.
Up-regulation of BTN3A1 on CD14
+
cells promotes Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation in psoriasis
Authors: Zhou Jiaqing , Zhang Jingjing , Tao Lu , Peng Kexin , Zhang Qiaoan , Yan Kexiang , Luan Jing , Pan Jiewen , Su Xiaohui , Sun Jiping , Zhang Zhenghua , Shen Lei
Published: October 2022

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells play an important role in the development and progression of psoriasis vulgaris (PV), but how they promote skin inflammation and the molecular mechanisms underlying Vγ9Vδ2 T cell dysfunction are poorly understood. Here, we show that circulating Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are decreased and exhibit enhanced proliferation and increased production of IFN-γ and TNF-α in PV patients. Monocytes from PV patients express higher levels of the phosphoantigen sensor butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) than monocytes from healthy controls. Blockade of BTN3A1 suppresses Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation and abolishes the difference in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation between PV patients and healthy controls. The CD14
+
cells in PV skin lesions highly express BTN3A1 and juxtapose to Vδ2 T cells. In addition, IFN-γ induces the up-regulation of BTN3A1 on monocytes. Collectively, our results demonstrate a crucial role of BTN3A1 on monocytes in regulating Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation and highlight BTN3A1 as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.
Mapping secretome-mediated interaction between paired neuron–macrophage single cells
Authors: Deng Jiu , Ji Yahui , Zhu Fengjiao , Liu Lina , Li Linmei , Bai Xue , Li Huibing , Liu Xianming , Luo Yong , Lin Bingcheng , Lu Yao
Published: October 2022

Neuron-immune interaction through secreted factors contributes significantly to the complex microenvironment in the central nervous system that could alter cell functionalities and fates in both physiological and pathological conditions, which remains poorly characterized at the single-cell level. Herein, using a spatially patterned antibody barcode microchip, we realized the mapping of 12 different secretomes, covering cytokines, neurotrophic factors (NFs), and neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) from high-throughput, paired single cells (≥ 600) simultaneously under normal conditions and an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model induced with amyloid beta protein 1-42 (Aβ
1–42
). We applied the platform to analyze the secretion profiles from paired neuron–macrophage and neuron–microglia single cells with human cell lines. We found that pairwise neuron–macrophage interaction would trigger immune responses and attenuate neuron cells’ secretion, while neuron–microglia interaction generally results in opposite outcomes in secretion. When neuron cells are induced with Aβ
1–42
protein into the AD model, both neuron–macrophage and neuron–microglia interactions lead to increased cytokines and NDEs and decreased NFs. Further analysis of AD patients’ serum showed that NDEs were significantly higher in patients’ samples than in the control group, validating our observation from the interaction assay. Furthermore, we resolved previously undifferentiated heterogeneity underlying the secretions from single-neuron cells. We found that the NDE and NF secretion was less dependent on the paracrine signaling between one another and that secretions from neuron cells would attenuate after differentiation with Aβ
1–42
. This study demonstrates the mapping of the different secretomes from paired neuron-immune single cells, providing avenues for understanding how neurons and immune cells interact through the complex secretome network.
CFD Applied to the Analysis of the Operation of a Solar Still Pyramidal-type
Authors: Terres H , Chávez S , Lizardi A , Lara A , Morales J , Rodríguez R , Ruiz C
Published: October 2022

This work shows the results obtained for the temperature distributions of the component elements of a pyramidal type solar still. The results of the air velocity and density distributions inside the still are also shown. The results indicate which are and where the maximum values of temperature, density, and airspeed are located. These results are useful because they help to establish how the geometry of the still influences its operating process. The study by the CFD technique turns out to be very useful because it allows the formulation of design criteria regarding the geometry of the still and how they could make improvements in the use of solar energy in solar stills.
Study of Evaporative Heat and Mass Transfer in Solar Distillation
Authors: Chávez S , Terres H , Lizardi A , Lara A , Reyes M , Andrade E
Published: October 2022

In this work, the assessment of 3 experimental tests on a solar still is presented, where 4, 5 and 6 L of brine were utilized. Data of temperature in several parts of the device and of solar radiation were obtained, besides, the outlet volume water was measured every 5 minutes during a timelapse from 10:00 am to 18:00 pm, which is compared through a study of heat and mass transfer due to evaporation, with the aim of predicting de amount of distilled volume.

Experimental results show that 2.7, 2.2 and 1.8 L are distilled for the initial volumes of 4, 5 and 6 L, respectively. However, when Dunkle’s thermal model is applied, the resulting distilled volumes are 2.2 2 and 1.7 L for the initial volumes of 4,5 and 6 L, respectively. This analysis indicates that the chosen thermal model has an error of approximately 4% compared with experiments. However, this model can be used to estimate accurately the outlet volume of distilled fluid.
Bidimensional uncertainty product associated with two specific Gyrator domains
Authors: Vilardy Juan M , Perez Ronal , Torres Cesar O
Published: October 2022

The uncertainty principle for a two-dimensional signal, giving us a lower bound for the product of the spreads (uncertainty product) of the signal representations in two specific Gyrator domains (GDs), is developed and presented. The GDs are defined by the Gyrator transform (GT), which is a new mathematical tool for analysis and processing of two-dimensional signals belonging to the linear canonical transforms. The obtained lower bound for the uncertainty principle depends on the two rotation angles that define the two GDs of the two-dimensional signal. The resulting uncertainty principle could be used in image processing and applications based on the GT. Finally, we show that the uncertainty principle for the antisymmetric Fourier transform with a rotation of the coordinates at π/2 is a special case of the bidimensional uncertainty product associated with two specific GDs.
Thin films of titanium dioxide modified with MoO3 nanostructures for photocatalytic applications
Authors: Rodríguez Nava C E , Solis Casados D A , Romero S , Escobar Alarcón L
Published: October 2022

TiO2 thin films modified with MoO3 nanostructures were obtained by the spin coating technique. The precursors solutions were prepared by the sol-gel technique adding colloids of Mo-based nanostructures prepared by laser irradiation of powders suspended in liquid media. It was found that MoO3 layered nanostructures form the prepared colloidal solutions. The obtained films were characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron, Raman, Ultraviolet– Visible and PL Spectroscopies, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. XPS reveal the presence of TiO2 and MoO3 in the films. Raman results show that crystalline TiO2 in its anatase phase is obtained. These results indicate that the films are forming composites in which nanostructures of molybdenum trioxide are incorporated in the titania film. Optical measurements show that the band gap energy for all samples vary from 3.3 to 3.5 eV.
Analysis of the thermoluminescent glow curve of alumina matrices obtained under different sintering and cerium doped conditions
Authors: Rojas J , Cogollo R , Gutiérrez O
Published: October 2022

This work presents the deconvolution of thermoluminescent (TL) glow curves, by using logistic asymmetric functions, of sintered pure alumina matrices under two different conditions: 1000 °C/3h (NALO) and 1000 °C/6h (ALO), and also, of cerium-doped matrix with 0.1 wt.% sintered at 1000 °C/3h (NALOCe0.1). Sintering treatments induced a remarkable change in the TL kinetics and consequently in the glow curve shape, in terms of the number of traps and initially trapped charge carriers. Structural analysis revealed α-alumina phase in NALO and ALO matrices, and its distortion for NALOCe0.1, achieving a generation of new electronic traps energetically more stable for doped matrix. This result offers a possible solution in order to reduce the notable fading for TL characteristic peak in alumina matrix, expanding its field of applications.
Analytical calculation of τ(q) for multifractals
Authors: del Río Correa J L , López García J , Álvarez Ballesteros Y A
Published: October 2022

To find the Hausdorff dimensional spectrum that characterizes a multifractal, it is required to find the mass function τ(q), which is implicitly defined by the Halsey equation, which in general can only be solved numerically, however there are particular cases in which it is possible to find analytically τ(q) as a parametrically defined function. In this paper we present and discuss the Piña’s method to find analytically τ(q), the Hausdorff dimension spectrum of the multifractal is found.
Multifractal decomposition of Moran Fractals
Authors: del Río Correa J L , López García J , Álvarez Ballesteros Y A
Published: October 2022

We analyze the multifractal decomposition of Moran fractals using the Olsen Multifractal Measure (OMM). We show that this measure is non-singular when the Halsey’s partition function takes the value 1, this result has two consequences, one of them defines the mass function τ(q), the other is that it also defines a statistical measure ν in terms of a probability vector
P
(q). The Hausdorff dimension f(q) of the concentration set of the measure ν is equal with the Holder exponent evaluated with the measure ν, this equality implies that f(q) = q
α(q) – τ(q). Finally, using the results of Cawley and Mauldin it is shown that D(α) = DimH
(J
α) is the Legendre Transform of τ(q), where

J

α

=

{
x
∈
M
∣

lim

r
→
0

ln
⁡
μ
(
B
(
x
,
r
)
)

ln
⁡
r

=
α
}

, i.e. D(α) = qα(q) – τ(q).
Unmonitored Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging of rats at 7 T
Authors: Marrufo O , Solis Najera S E , Vazquez F , Martin R , Rodriguez A O
Published: October 2022

Unmonitored cardiac images of a rat were acquired using a standard gradient echo sequences to study the artefact ghosting mainly caused by heart and respiration motion. All imaging experiments were performed using a transceiver circular-shaped coil and a preclinical magnetic resonance imager at 7 T. Heart images showed the ghosting artefact along the frequency encoding direction. However the image quality was not drastically affected by this type of ghosting. These results showed that standard acquisition parameters may serve to establish a reference to study this unwanted artefact without ECG and respiratory gating and using a single-channel transceiver coil.
Design of a child restraint system embedded in a sedan vehicle
Authors: Guerrero Hernández L A , Flores Campos C R C , SanMiguel Torres
Published: October 2022

The accident data referring to deceased infants, who do not have a child restraint system that complies with safety devices, are alarming. Although the current child restraint systems present a good level of protection, it is possible to design systems that improve the performance of the current ones, the improvement in safety being the main motivation for this study. This child restraint system will be incorporated into a sedan car, taking into account the characteristics of the positioning and folding in the rear seat of a sedan vehicle. This research is organized in two phases: the first corresponds to the design of a folding infant carrier system prototype, and the second stage shows the operation of this mechanism through its verification focused on the kinematic study.
Study of the molecular dynamics of p-NIPAM in electrolytic media
Authors: Jiménez-Montiel Antonio , Pérez-Ramírez Hector Allan , Odriozola Gerardo
Published: October 2022

In order to study the distribution of ions around a thermo-responsive charged nanogel particle in an electrolyte media we use coarse-grained in Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations the creation of a new model was needed, so that we created a new model and the model works but there are many things that we might consider in it. We are just getting the same radius of gyration that others models are getting to.
TL response evaluation for UVA and UVC of LaAlO3:Pr3+ powder
Authors: Barrera-Angeles A A , Barrera Hernández D , Gutiérrez-Márquez J G , López Valencia Alberto , Morales-Hernández A , Rivera-Montalvo T
Published: October 2022

Thermoluminescence properties of lanthanum aluminum oxide (LaAlO3) doped with optically active rare earth ions have been investigated for ultraviolet dosimetry purposes. LaAlO3:Pr3+ powder samples were doped with 2% of Pr3+, for the first research they show two thermoluminescent (TL) peaks at 215±5 °C and 340±4 °C which can be sensitized after 1 min to 12 min of UVA exposure. The material shows TL output and linear response for UVA lamp in 365 nm wavelength light. On the other hand, the powder samples that were irradiated with a UVC lamp at 254 nm, it also shows one peak and a shoulder, the maximum peak in a range that goes from 195 °C to 220 °C, in which the exposure time was varied from 5 to 30 seconds and the shoulder remains stable at 345± 8 ° C. The experiments demonstrates that LaAlO3: Pr3+ powders are very attractive to be investigated as UVA and UVC dosimeters.
A study of seismicity on the Pacific coast of the Mexican Republic using statistical and fractal methods
Authors: Sosa-Gonzalez A G , Carrizales-Velazquez C , Angulo-Brown F
Published: October 2022

Digitization of information has allowed to scientists understand diverse dynamics of complex systems. In particular, earthquake catalogs are one of the main subject of study in geo-statistical science. Main contributions are characterization and classification of seismic regions, evidence of self-organized criticality of seismicity, seismic quiescences, dynamics of aftershocks, apparently precursor behaviors of great earthquakes, and more. This is a study of the seismicity in the Pacific’s coast of the Mexican Republic. Calculation of the parameters a and b of the Gutenberg-Richter law and computation of the fractal dimension by box counting method are presented. The analyses and calculations are divided into two types of study: spatial and temporal. The spatial study is carried out over the entire Mexican Republic and for five regions delimited on the Pacific coast in the time interval between 1975 and 2019. On the other hand, the temporal study is carried out among diverse time periods defined according to all possible pairs of years between 1975 and 2019, giving a total of 1035 time intervals. We obtained b-value ≈ 1 for all cases of study. Also a strong linear correlation between a and b parameters is found. Finally, we obtained fractal dimension values D between 1.3-1.9 for the five regions. We conclude that there is a positive correlation between coefficients a and b, values of D agree with the spatial density of the epicenters of each region, and considerable changes in the coefficient b with respect to time periods.
Comparison of synthesis methods of Tb MOF: microwave and metathesis
Authors: Sánchez-Moreno Diana L , Loera-Serna Sandra , Garduño-Wilches Ismael A , Aguilar Frutis Miguel A , Alarcón-Flores Gilberto
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the synthesis of the metal-organic structure of terbium Tb2(BDC)3 (BDC: 1,4-benzendicarboxylic acid) obtained by stirring at room temperature (SRT) and by means of the microwave-assisted synthesis method (MW) at 150 °C during 15 min. A comparison was made between the physicochemical properties of the MOF obtained by each of the methods as they were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), observing crystalline materials with crystal size 66.42 and 26.57 nm for SRT and MW, respectively. The luminescent properties were determined by photoluminescent spectroscopy (FL) and finally the morphology presented by MW synthesis.
Effect of V3+ Doping on the Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Na3MnTi(PO4)3 Cathode Material
Authors: Lu Lu , Hu Pu , Xia Yan , Tang Ao
Published: October 2022

The polyanionic compound Na3MnTi(PO4)3 with the NASICON framework has gotten a lot of attention as a cathode material for Na+ cells. The stable structure of Na3MnTi(PO4)3 can bring good cycling stability, but it has a low theoretical specific capacity and bad rate capability, which hinders the practical application of the material. In this paper, the sol-gel technique with high-temperature annealing was used to make Na3MnTi(PO4)3 and Na3.7MnTi0.3V0.7(PO4)3. It investigates how V3+ doping affected the structure and electrochemical characteristics of the Na3MnTi(PO4)3 cathode material. The result displays that the Na3MnTi(PO4)3 and Na3.7MnTi0.3V0.7(PO4)3 synthesized phases are pure phases. The electrochemical performance result shows that a high discharge-specific capacity of 50.47 mAh/g may still be attained at 5 C. The discharge-specific capacity of Na3.7MnTi0.3V0.7(PO4)3 is still as great as 86.59 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. At 2 C, Na3.7MnTi0.3V0.7(PO4)3 has an ultra-high discharge specific capacity of 90.64 mAh/g and outstanding capacity retention of 84.77% after 300 cycles. The sample of Na3.7MnTi0.3V0.7(PO4)3 exhibits outstanding cycling performance and rate capability.
Research on rational development mode of gas cap marginal water reservoir
Authors: Peng Xuefei , Liu Rumin , Liu Haitao , Cai Yina , Xiao Sa
Published: October 2022

In this paper, based on the 3D physical simulation experiment of gas cap marginal water reservoirs, a reasonable development method for gas cap marginal water reservoirs is studied. The results show that the ultimate recovery rate of exhausted development is 32.24%, and that of flooding water flooding development is 51.17%, which is 18.93% higher than that of exhausted development. In different permeability layers, there is an amount of residual oil, which is distributed in the oil ring and gas cap. At the same time, the injection time and productivity of flooding water flooding were compared and analyzed by numerical simulation. The one-year recovery rate of exhausted development is the highest, and when the injection ratio is 1.2, the recovery rate is the highest. The research in this paper is of great significance to the formulation of production parameters and the implementation of later reformation measures for the depleted gas cap marginal water reservoirs.
Research on Power Converter System (PCS) Control for Energy Storage in Local Area Network (LAN) Projects Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG)
Authors: Chang Xuejian , Liu Xiaoxin , Yan Xiong
Published: October 2022

Since the LAN is not supported by large power grids, energy storage systems usually serve as voltage sources during their normal operation to maintain stable frequency and voltage. In this paper, we first studied PCS control technologies for energy storage systems applicable to the LAN project and determined a VSG technical route through technical comparison. Then, we analyzed the influence of key parameters on the operating characteristics of VSG. Finally, we focused our research on VSG-based control strategy with virtual impedance, power allocation strategy based on multi-parallel VSGs, and VSG-based control strategy for unbalanced voltage. The results show that these strategies are easy to implement, with stable and reliable system operation, and can be widely promoted, offering insights for the future development of LAN projects.
Research on grid-connected interoperability technology of battery storage power station
Authors: Zhang Shujun , Qian Xiao , Tao Yibin , Zhou Chen
Published: October 2022

In the context of the large-scale application of energy storage, the PCS and BMS systems of the battery energy storage system need to be connected to the communication network, the communication interaction efficiency is low, and the process is complicated. In order to solve this problem, this paper researches the information exchange mechanism of grid connection to the common problems existing in the information flow level of battery storage power stations connected to the regional power grid. Through the analysis of the function of the battery storage power station, the self-discovery technology and the interoperability technology of the information interface device are mainly studied to solve the technical problem of the plug-and-play information level of the battery storage power station. As a result, the battery storage power station can directly jump from restricted access to orderly access, and the adaptability of battery storage power stations in different application scenarios can be improved.
Research on Control Strategy of Transient Disturbance Based on the Three-level Hybrid Energy Storage Converter
Authors: Chen Jinyu , Dai Liyu , Li Zhicheng , Deng Chaoping
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a control strategy of transient disturbance based on the three-level hybrid energy storage converter. The hybrid energy storage control strategy switches to the supercapacitor when the voltage sag occurs. Its characteristics of high power density can provide rapid and smooth voltage support for the distribution network so that the distribution network system will not be greatly affected by the impact. In the case of long-term voltage sag or power failure, it is important to switch to the energy storage battery and use its characteristics of high energy density to provide an emergency power supply to support the continuous operation of essential equipment. The control strategy proposed in this paper can realize the coordinated working between supercapacitor and energy storage battery and the fast and stable switching between two different working states of the energy storage system, which effectively solves voltage sag in the main power grid. Finally, a prototype is built, and the simulation and experimental results both verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
Application of multistage acid fracturing technology in deep carbonate thermal reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Lv Xiaolan , Ma Feng , Wei Kai , Li Kai
Published: October 2022

As the most common stimulation treatment in carbonate reservoirs, acid fracturing is also frequently used in carbonate geothermal wells, but it has not been applied in deep carbonate thermal reservoirs. The application of a multi-stage acid fracturing technology in Xiong’an deep carbonate thermal reservoir is introduced in this paper. The field application of technology has achieved a good stimulation effect. Multistage acid fracturing technology can effectively communicate the aquifer of carbonate thermal reservoir, improve the length of acid corrosion fracture, increase the conductivity of thermal reservoir and improve the water yield of a geothermal well. The technology is worthy to be popularized.