bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La fabrique de la confiance : l’impression des billets la construction technique d’une crédibilité monétaire (1800-1945)
Authors: Bidaux Mathieu
Published: March 2023

Depuis sa fondation, la Banque de France est confrontée au problème de la nécessité de susciter, pour ses billets, la confiance de la population. Pour y parvenir, elle doit mettre en œuvre une stratégie de défense contre les faussaires. Elle doit construire les conditions techniques de la confiance monétaire. Elle s’appuie alors sur un personnel qualifié (ouvriers imprimeurs, graveurs, photographes, ingénieurs, chimistes, mécaniciens), du matériel (machines à imprimer) et des usines, tous chargés de fabriquer la monnaie fiduciaire issue de choix techniques parmi les méthodes d’impression. L’imprimerie de la Banque de France fait partie de son appareil industriel chargé de concevoir et de produire des billets suffisamment solides et sûrs pour échanger sans risques et assurer la circulation fiduciaire, autrement dit, le bon fonctionnement du système de paiement. Le billet obtient alors une crédibilité. La confiance est ainsi suscitée, notamment, par la matérialité de l’objet, le billet de banque. Elle s’incarne dans une double matérialité : l’objet et les usines qui le fabrique.
Quand le liquide tarit ou la crédibilité maintenue du billet de banque dans un monde de paiements scripturaux
Authors: de Coustin François
Published: March 2023

L’évolution de l’usage des moyens de paiement semble aller vers une société « sans cash » que certains appellent de leurs vœux. Pourtant, plusieurs exemples de crises au siècle dernier montrent que l’hypothèse d’une raréfaction des billets provoque des réflexes de « peur de manquer ». Qu’il s’agisse des institutions ou des particuliers, des réflexes de thésaurisation – semblables à l’accumulation de paquets de nouilles ou de papier toilette qu’on a pu voir récemment – montrent que l’usage de la monnaie fiduciaire s’apparente à un ultime recours. La difficulté, réelle ou fantasmée, de s’en procurer provoque des réactions d’inquiétude fortes. Nous analysons cette situation au travers de plusieurs crises de natures différentes, toutes causées par des acteurs de ce qu’on appelle la filière fiduciaire, qu’il s’agisse de la Banque de France – lors des événements de mai 68, de la grande grève de décembre 1987 ou d’une grève plus limitée en décembre 1997 – ou des transporteurs de fonds en mai 2000, à la veille du passage à l’euro. La question qui se pose dans tous ces cas reste toujours celle de l’accès aux billets de banque alors que l’usage de la carte bancaire s’est banalisé pour les transactions de tous montants.
Imposteurs ou demi-dieux ? Les médecins dans la littérature
Authors: Wenger Alexandre
Published: March 2023

Capable de caricatures acerbes aussi bien que de considération élogieuse, la littérature entretient avec la profession médicale une relation assez mouvementée. Historiquement parlant, elle porte trace des débats spécialisés et de l’évolution du statut du médecin. Pour autant, elle n’en constitue pas un miroir passif. Au contraire, les romans ont été des agents – et parfois des armes culturelles efficaces – dans la perception générale attachée aux qualités et aux défauts du bon et du mauvais médecin.
Symbolisation et médiations corporelles : du corps en jeu à l’instauration du corps
Authors: Lesage Benoît
Published: March 2023

La notion de médiation corporelle recouvre un champ varié de pratiques. Si l’on se réfère à la définition habituelle de la médiation en psychomotricité, à savoir un dispositif de symbolisation, on constate que certaines pratiques répondent bien à cette conception. Ainsi des techniques telles que la danse, le cirque, le judo, qui mettent en jeu un corps construit. D’autres approches telles que l’eutonie, la méthode Feldenkrais, et autres techniques dites « somatiques » doivent s’envisager autrement. Elles travaillent en effet sur la construction du corps et aussi de catégories de pensée. En se référant aux notions de conscience corporelle et d’explicitation, on examine ici en quoi et comment cette seconde catégorie de pratiques corporelles entre bien dans le champ des médiations.
On a fuzzy bipolar metric setting with a triangular property and an application on integral equations
Authors: Mani Gunaseelan , Gnanaprakasam Arul Joseph , Javed Khalil , Ameer Eskandar , Mansour Saber , Aydi Hassen , Kallel Wajdi
Published: March 2023

In this manuscript, fixed point results without continuity via triangular notion on fuzzy bipolar metric spaces are established. The paper includes tangible examples which display the motivation for such investigations as those presented here. We solve an integral equation in this setting. The present work is a generalization of some published works.
Stabilization of discrete-time positive switched T-S fuzzy systems subject to actuator saturation
Authors: Yang Gengjiao , Hao Fei , Zhang Lin , Gao Lixin
Published: March 2023

The stabilization of discrete-time positive switched Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with actuator saturation is investigated in this paper. It is assumed that the switched subsystems are partially stabilizable. Based on the convex hull technique (CHT) and parallel distribution compensation (PDC) algorithm, a saturated fuzzy controller and slow-fast combined mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) switching signal are co-designed and sufficient conditions for the positivity and stability of closed-loop positive switched T-S fuzzy systems (PSTSFSs) are developed, which can be reduced to the ones under the case where all switched subsystems are stabilizable. Moreover, the largest attraction domain estimation (ADE) is given for PSTSFSs by formulating an optimization problem. Finally, the designed control scheme is applied to two illustrative examples to verify its availability and superiority.
Modelling the impact of vaccination and environmental transmission on the dynamics of monkeypox virus under Caputo operator
Authors: Addai Emmanuel , Ngungu Mercy , Omoloye Musibau Abayomi , Marinda Edmore
Published: March 2023

In this study, we examine the impact of vaccination and environmental transmission on the dynamics of the monkeypox. We formulate and analyze a mathematical model for the dynamics of monkeypox virus transmission under Caputo fractional order. We obtain the basic reproduction number, the conditions for the local and global asymptotic stability for the disease-free equilibrium of the model. Under the Caputo fractional order, existence and uniqueness solutions have been determined using fixed point theorem. Numerical trajectories are obtained. Furthermore, we explored some of the sensitive parameters impact. Based on the trajectories, we hypothesised that the memory index or fractional order could use to control the Monkeypox virus transmission dynamics. We observed that if the proper vaccination is administrated, public health education is given, and practice like personal hygiene and proper disinfection spray, the infected individuals decreases.
Adaptive step size controllers based on Runge-Kutta and linear-neighbor methods for solving the non-stationary heat conduction equation
Authors: Saleh Mahmoud , Kovács Endre , Kallur Nagaraja
Published: March 2023

We systematically test families of explicit adaptive step size controllers for solving the diffusion or heat equation. After discretizing the space variables as in the conventional method of lines, we are left with a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Different methods for estimating the local error and techniques for changing the step size when solving a system of ODEs were suggested previously by researchers. In this paper, those local error estimators and techniques are used to generate different types of adaptive step size controllers. Those controllers are applied to a system of ODEs resulting from discretizing diffusion equations. The performances of the controllers were compared in the cases of three different experiments. The first and the second system are heat conduction in homogeneous and inhomogeneous media, while the third one contains a moving heat source that can correspond to a welding process.
Computational Optical Microscopy Using Algorithm
Authors: BARG Jiseong , LEE Chanseok , JANG Mooseok
Published: March 2023

Like a mobile phone camera, optical microscopy typically relies on optical lenses that convert a plane wave to a spherical wave or vice versa. In such conventional imaging scheme, light from an object point propagates through a set of lenses and creates a tight focus on a camera, resulting in 1 to 1 relation between the object point and the camera pixel. Recently, this conventional imaging paradigm has been challenged by a new paradigm where computational algorithms replace the role of lenses. Here, I will introduce the concept of computational optics and some novel microscopy techniques based on algorithms.
Développement professionnel d’un chercheur dans une recherche-action participative. Récit et analyse
Authors: Matteï-Mieusset Claire , Boudreau Pierre
Published: March 2023

Cet article est le récit (narrative, en anglais) du processus de développement professionnel d’un chercheur engagé dans une recherche-action participative internationale sur la formation d’enseignants associés. Nous présentons dans un premier temps les cadres théoriques qui sous-tendent l’analyse des données qualitatives issues essentiellement du récit réflexif du chercheur. Dans un second temps, des moments d’analyse alternent avec des passages du récit, relatifs aux apprentissages identifiés. Le récit éclairé de l’analyse met en évidence la singularité du processus de développement de compétences à la fois de chercheur, de formateur et de chercheur-formateur. Ce travail ouvre une perspective de réflexion sur les conditions de développement professionnel des chercheurs en dehors des pratiques courantes de communication et publication.
Criteria for Revaluating the Propensity of Metals to Corrosion Cracking during Accelerated Testing in an Environment with Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Shvetsov Oleg V. , Kondratev Sergey , Kharkov Aleksandr , Alkhimenko Alexey Alexandrovich , Davydov Artem D.
Published: March 2023

The paper proposes and justifies criteria for assessing the propensity of a metal to corrosion cracking in an environment with gas saturation with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide when the loading speed and test temperature change. Various mechanisms of corrosion destruction of several groups of metals used in the oil and gas industry are analyzed.
Surface Alloying of Tool Steels with Ytterbium Pulse Fiber Laser
Authors: Lupsanov Andrey , Lysykh Stepan , Bronnikova Sofia , Dasheev Dorzho , Mishigdorzhiyn Undrakh , Nomoev Andrey V. , Ulakhanov Nikolay , Yuzhakov Ilya
Published: March 2023

The present research shows the possibility of using an ytterbium nanosecond pulsed fiber laser for wear resistance improvement of carbon and alloy steels. The wear test was performed in accordance with the block-on-ring scheme with dry sliding friction on a friction machine. Surface dispersing/alloying was carried out from a boron carbide paste. This leads to a significant wear resistance improvement of steels. It was revealed that the mass loss during wear test reduced by several times after laser treatment compared to the non-treated samples. The wear mechanism differs depending on the type of steel and largely refers to their microstructure and composition. The tribo-oxide layer forms during the wear test.
Comparative Evaluation of the Protection Performance of Admixed Tea Tree and Grapefruit Essential Oil Extracts on Mild Steel and Alloy Steel 3310
Authors: Osamudiame Omoregie , Nissi Anthony Chisom , Oluwakayode Odukomaiya Oluwademiladeogo , Oghoho Uriewhu Victory , Daniel Okeke Chukwuemeka , Smart Ifon Princewill , Lemuel Peter Arome Chosen , Nwabeze Osondu Raymond , Loto Roland Tolulope
Published: March 2023

Analysis and description of inhibition efficiency results for tea tree and grapefruit essential oil extracts (TTGP) on mild steel (MS) and alloy steel 3310 (AS3310) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was done. The results show TTGP performed effectively on MS at 2% to 3.5% TTGP concentration with final inhibition values of 71.70%, 79.25%, 83.58% and 92.45% at 240 h of exposure. Inhibition efficiency generally increased with TTGP concentration and exposure time, although inhibition efficiency at 2.5% 3% TTGP concentration decreased with exposure time. Effective TTGP inhibition performance on AS3310 occurred at 3% and 3.5% TTGP concentration only with final values of 72.50% and 73.25%. Inhibition efficiency of TTGP on AS3310 varied non-proportionately with its concentration. With respect to exposure time, inhibition efficiency of TTGP on AS3310 at all concentrations decreased. Results from ANOVA analysis shows TTGP concentration significantly influenced the performance output of TTGP extract with statistically significant factor of 85.73% and 84.78% (MS and AS3310). The corresponding values for exposure time, though determined to be statistically relevant is overwhelmingly far below the influence of exposure time at values of 4.63 and 14.27. Standard deviation data shows inhibition efficiency of TTGP on MS varied minimally from mean values at all concentrations (excluding 1.5% and 2% TTGP concentration). The corresponding values for TTGP on AS3310 were also generally low at all concentrations signifying stable inhibition performance. Data showed 48% and 18% of MS and AS3310 inhibition efficiency results are greater than 80% effective inhibition performance threshold at margins of error of 12.64% and 10%
Analysis of the Effect of Zea Mays Husk Particulate Reinforcement on 1170 Aluminium Corrosion in a Simulated Industrial Environment
Authors: Ajuwaeze Williams Joseph , Loto Roland Tolulope , Babalola Philip , Okeniyi Joshua
Published: March 2023

The worldwide need for lightweight, high-quality, high-performance, and low-cost materials is prompting a change in emphasis from unreinforced materials to reinforced/composite materials. The mechanical properties of the MHP reinforced aluminum composite are compared to those of the unreinforced metal using the data on the corrosion performance of maize husk particulate reinforcement on high 1170 Aluminium alloy in 0.00625 M H2SO4, 3.5 wt.% NaCl and a mixture of both solutions was studied using weight loss technique to determine the corrosion rates of the specimens. Optical microscopic analysis was also carried out on the specimens to determine the effect of the reinforcement on the microstructural properties of the material before and after corrosion. The corrosion rates calculated from the weight loss study revealed differences in the corrosion characteristics of the specimens in the various solutions when compared to the control specimen. The presence of reinforcement in the matrix was discovered to positively impact the corrosion behavior of composite materials via the production of corrosion resistant oxides. The electrochemical properties of maize husk enhances the corrosion resistance of the composite due to its ability to form a protective oxide film and chemically resistant inclusions on the surface of the material.
Features of Crevice Corrosion of Different Grades of Duplex Stainless Steels
Authors: Fedorov Aleksandr Sergeevich , Karasev Vladimir , Kovalev Pavel
Published: March 2023

Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are being increasingly employed in the oil and gas and chemical industries, which, despite their high alloying degree and high resistance to general corrosion, are subject to pitting and crevice corrosion. According to their resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, steels are ranked according to the PREN. However, nowadays there are many grades of DSSs, in which the content of Cr, Mo and N varies in different quantities, therefore the selection of the grade must be carried out with great care, considering not only PREN, but also the production technology, operating conditions, and the geometry of products. The crevice corrosion behaviors of three grades of duplex stainless steels quenched from 1050, 1100 and 1200 °C were studied in FeCl3 solution at 50°C. It is shown that PREN allows to rank only different grades in terms of corrosion resistance. With a constant PREN value, but with different contents of ferrite and austenite in steel, completely different values of the corrosion rate can be obtained, therefore, PREN must be used with great care. It was found that in the studied steels, the optimal ferrite content, at which the lowest crevice corrosion rate is achieved, is at 65 vol.%.
The Influence of the Tool Concave Shoulder Angle on Heat Generation in the Stir Friction Welding Process with AA6061-T651 Materials
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Pramono Agus Sigit , Wahjudi Arif , Batan I Made Londen , Pontjonoto Niko Adrisenna
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the concave shoulder angle of the FSW tool on heat generation rate and temperature simulation results. The FSW tool used in this study is the FSW tool with straight cylindrical geometry, tapered cylinder, hexagonal, and tapered square. Calculation of heat generation rate is carried out for all FSW tools, then the optimal one is selected and then simulated. The process of calculating heat generation rate and simulation using the Taguchi method has 4 factors, each of which has 4 levels. The factors used in this study are tool rotation speed, welding speed, concave shoulder angle, and tool tilt angle with temperature response. on the weld joint. The results of this study indicate that the influence of the concave shoulder angle on the heat generation rate and temperature simulation is very influential. Based on the results of the heat generation rate calculation, the FSW tool with hexagonal pin geometry was chosen to be simulated. The simulation results show that the selected process parameters are tool rotation speed of 1208 rpm, welding speed of 90 mm/s, concave shoulder angle of 5°, and tool tilt angle of 3°. From the selected parameters, it was experimented with to produce a fairly good connection even though there were still surface defects.
Reproducibility of Properties of AsxSe1-x Glasses on the Synthesis Temperature
Authors: Samigullin Marsel E. , Belykh Anna V. , Krylov Nikolay I. , Mikhailov Mikhail D. , Semencha Aleksander V.
Published: March 2023

AsxSe1-x glasses with x from 0,05 to 0,55 were prepared at two melting temperatures, 700 and 850 °C. Batch materials from several suppliers were used for glass synthesis. Density and IR transmittance of glasses were measured. It was found that data for density of glasses prepared at 700 °C have sufficient scatter, so dependence of molar volume on composition is not smooth. Data for glasses synthesized at 850 °C are in good agreement with reference ones. According to data of IR spectroscopy the main impurity in glasses is oxygen in several molecular forms. Oxygen gets in glass together with arsenic. Its content can be noticeably decreased by the heat treatment of As at from 300 to 350 °C and Se at 310 °C before weighting and by the heat treatment of batch at 200 °C before the sealing of silica ampoule. Optical quality of glass samples is good enough for the use them as IR transparent material for lens manufacturing.
Preparation, Structure, and Photophysical Behavior of Europium (III) Complexes of Decyl Alanine and Lauryl Alanine
Authors: Han Jakang , Naren Gerile , Zhang Ying , Shi Yi Feng , Bolag Altan , Tegus Ojiyed
Published: March 2023

Two Ligands (H (dec-ala) and H (dod-ala)) prepared from decyl chloride, lauroyl chloride, and amino acids (DL-alanine), reacted with Europium chloride in methanol solution, leading to two Europium (III) complexes of Eu (dec-ala)3 and Eu (dod-ala)3.Elemental analysis, NMR, and FT-IR spectra proved the elemental content, structural information of the synthesized Europium (III) complexes. The light absorption and luminescence properties were characterized by UV-vis and PL spectra analysis. Both complexes have excellent absorption capacity in the range of 200 nm-300 nm. The ideal excitation wavelengths of these complexes are at 394 nm, and the principal emission peaks are at 590 nm, 610 nm, 650 nm, and 698 nm, which correspond to 5D0 → 7F1, 5D0 →7F2, 5D0→7F3, 5D0→7F4, respectively.
Influence of the Type and Concentration of the Dopant on the Photocatalytic Activity of Strontium Bismuthate Sr2Bi2O5
Authors: Shtarev Dmitry Sergeevich , Kirichenko Evgeny Alexandrovich , Shtareva Anna Vladimirovna , Petrova Anna Jur`evna , Krutikova Valeria Olegovna , Astapov Ivan Alexandrovich
Published: March 2023

The paper investigates the optical and photocatalytic properties of strontium bismuthate doped with various rare earth elements. The data presented indicate that the type and concentration of the dopant have different effects on such parameters of a given semiconductor photocatalyst, such as the optical bandgap, absorption in the intrinsic area, and photocatalytic activity. On the basis of the studies carried out, the most promising rare earth elements have been identified and their optimal concentrations have been established for doping alkaline earth metal bismuthates.
Technological Support for Evaluation of Hydrogen Compatibility of Materials in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Tsvetkov Anton S. , Shaposhnikov N.O. , Yakhimovich Valery A. , Kurakin Maksim K. , Lapechenkov Andrey A.
Published: March 2023

Materials selection for hydrogen service is needed to support the deployment of hydrogen as a fuel as well as the development of codes and standards for stationary hydrogen use, hydrogen vehicles, refueling stations, and hydrogen transportation. Hydrogen energy infrastructure is currently in the process of development and in preparation for mass transportation of hydrogen gas and methane-hydrogen media involves significant use of the existing network of gas pipelines and formation of a network of hydrogen pipelines. Materials property measurement is needed on deformation, fracture and fatigue in hydrogen-containing media. Determination of steel properties such as strength, crack and fatigue resistance are priority to ensure safe design of pipelines transporting hydrogen gas or methane-hydrogen mixture. At the same time, there is a problem in technological support for evaluation of hydrogen compatibility of materials in laboratory conditions for evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement, depending on hydrogen concentration, methods and modes of loading, temperature, pressure and actual properties of materials.
Characterization and Strength Activity Index of Eggshell Powder and Silica Fume as Partial Cement Replacement
Authors: Rizalman Ahmad Nurfaidhi , Sibin Broneca
Published: March 2023

The rapid construction activity in Malaysia has increased the demand of concrete. One of the key ingredients in concrete is cement. The production of cement emits carbon dioxide (CO2) which is harmful to the environment. To overcome this issue, waste materials such as eggshell powder (ESP) and silica fume (SF) are incorporated in concrete as partial replacement to cement. In this research, the characterization and strength activity index (SAI) of ESP and SF as partial cement replacement were performed. The results showed that only SF was classified as pozzolanic materials of Class F, as specified in ASTM C618. Meanwhile, ESP had higher loss on ignition (LOI) than SF, hence contained higher amount of unburnt carbon. SF mortar had the highest SAI and compressive strength due to the small size of SF particles. Although ESP mortar fulfilled the minimum requirement of SAI as specified in ASTM C618, its compressive strength was lower than the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) mortar because the LOI content of ESP was more than 20%.
Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Rizalman Ahmad Nurfaidhi , Bisi Mohd Khairulizzat Mohd , Razak Sk. Muiz Sk Abd , Mohamad Mazizah Ezdiani
Published: March 2023

Palm fuel ash (POFA) and rice husk ash (RHA) are usually disposed to open areas and landfills without treatment, resulting in environmental problems. Both materials fulfilled the criteria as pozzolanic material, thus can be used as substitutes to cement. This paper presents the comparison in the fresh and hardened properties between self-compacting concrete (SCC) containing POFA and RHA. The SCC mixtures were produced based on water/binder ratio of 0.6. Both POFA and RHA were introduced in concrete replacing 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of cement by weight. The fresh SCC was tested for three (3) fresh properties including filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance. Meanwhile, the hardened properties of concrete were tested for its compressive strength. The fresh properties of SCC incorporating POFA and RHA fulfilled all the requirements of SCC which include the filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance. Meanwhile, SCC containing RHA had higher compressive strength than the SCC containing POFA for all different replacement level. This is because RHA had higher SiO2 content than POFA, thus promote more pozzolanic reaction to improve the strength of concrete. Furthermore, the optimum replacement level of POFA and RHA in SCC are 10% and 20%, respectively. However, the compressive strength of both SCC containing POFA and RHA were still lower than the control SCC. It is suggested that the SCC containing POFA and RHA to be cured for longer period to achieve better or equivalent strength to the control SCC.
Enhancement of Autogenous Healing on Pre-Cracked PFA Concrete Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Md Jaafar Mohd Faizal , Ghazali Norhaiza , Shahid Khairul Anuar , Zailan Roziah , Muthusamy Khairunisa , Yahaya Fadzil Mat
Published: March 2023

Concrete is used as a construction material because of its superior mechanical and durability performance and comparably inexpensive cost when compared to other building materials. However, because of its innate heterogeneity, low tensile strength, and unfavourable service environment, concrete is vulnerable to progression and coalescence in micro-cracks production. This study looked into the self-healing assessment of pre-cracked PFA concrete. PFA cement was utilized to replace 10, 20, and 30% of the weight of cement used. To investigate the strength development of PFA concrete, compressive strength was determined. An ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test was performed to monitor the self-healing progress of the concrete to assess the impact of PFA on autogenous healing concrete. The tests were conducted at 7, 28, 60, and 90 days after being cured in water. The result shows that concrete integrated with 10% of PFA as a cement replacement recorded the highest compressive strength compared to those mixes. It is also revealed that UPV readings increased significantly with the increased curing ages for concrete mixes. The results also revealed that the autogenous healing ability of pre-cracked and PFA concrete progressively improved. Based on RSM analysis, the inclusion of PFA in concrete has a strong relationship with strength and autogenous healing progression. Considering all these test results, it was attained that 10% of PFA in concrete exhibits excellent compressive strength and autogenous healing concrete.
Macrostructure and Shear Strength Analysis on Cu-Al Joint of Micro Friction Stir Spot Welding
Authors: Muzakki Hakam , Millaily Ikrom , Ahmadi Ahmadi , Suwarsono Suwarsono , Bale Jefri S.
Published: March 2023

Efficiency energy is an importance goal in transportation device development. Reducing weight of device is a way to reduce fuel consumption from transportation device, using thin plat in a device or construction could reduce the weight. The originality of this study was Micro Dissimilar Friction Stir Spot welding used to join Cu and Al plate with copper sheet on top the aluminum sheet. Micro welding is a joining thin plat less than 1 mm welded by Friction Stir Spot welding which has been called a Micro Friction Stir Spot welding, using a Pin on the Shoulder. Peak load average, macrostructure and shear strength of a copper and aluminum sheet joint welded by Micro Friction Stir Spot welding were discussed in this study. Copper and Aluminum 0.5 mm could be successfully joined. Shoulder diameter 6 mm effected to the highest peak load, and welding force 50 kgf significantly increased the peak load. Mixing Cu and Al formed in a weld joint. Friction was not complete occurred in shoulder interface and deflection copper sheet formed in around weld nugget because of Pin and Shoulder. A Pin on Shoulder affect to form a joint only around Pin, shear strength could not conclude because the weld joint areas developing tend to an incomplete joining.
Fatty Liver & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2009 to 2017
Authors: Han Eugene , Han Kyung-Do , Lee Yong-ho , Kim Kyung-Soo , Hong Sangmo , Park Jung Hwan , Park Cheol-Young ,   on Behalf of Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
Published: March 2023

Background: This study investigated the changes of fatty liver disease prevalence in general Korean population.Methods: This study analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2017 that included individuals aged 20 years or older who had undergone a medical health examination. Fatty liver disease was assessed using the fatty liver index (FLI). The disease severity was defined by FLI cutoff, ≥30 as moderate, and ≥60 as severe fatty liver disease.Results: The prevalence of Korean adults aged 20 years or over with fatty liver disease (FLI ≥60) increased from 13.3% in 2009 to 15.5% in 2017 (P for trend <0.001). The increase in fatty liver disease prevalence was prominent in men (from 20.5% to 24.2%) and the young age (20 to 39 years) group (from 12.8% to 16.4%) (P for interaction <0.001). The prevalence of fatty liver disease was the highest in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, 29.6%) population compared to that of prediabetes or normoglycemia (10.0% and 21.8%) in 2017. The prevalence of fatty liver disease had statistically increased in individuals with T2DM and prediabetes (P for trend <0.001). Its prevalence increased more steeply in the young-aged population with T2DM, from 42.2% in 2009 to 60.1% in 2017. When applying a lower FLI cutoff (≥30) similar results were observed.Conclusion: The prevalence of fatty liver disease in the Korean population has increased. Individuals who are young, male, and have T2DM are vulnerable to fatty liver disease.
Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Patient Profile Evaluated in the Electromyography Laboratory
Authors: Kaya Irem Ilgezdi , Inci Meltem , Sirin Nermin Gorkem , Baslo Mehmet Baris , Orhan Elif Kocasoy
Published: March 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate how the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic affected the profile of patients admitted to the electromyography (EMG) laboratory and the types of neurophysiologic evaluations.

Methods:

We included patients who were admitted to our EMG laboratory in the first 6 months of the pandemic period (Period 1) and the same 6 months of the previous year (Period 2). In view of changes in health-care strategies, lockdown, and disease awareness during the pandemic, each group was divided into 3-month periods (early and late). Demographic and clinical characteristics and electrophysiologic data were evaluated retrospectively and compared between the groups.

Results:

In Period 1, there were 1872 studies of 1829 patients, and in Period 2, there were 625 studies of 607 patients. Electrodiagnoses for cranial neuropathies were more frequent during the pandemic when compared with before the pandemic (P = 0.018). The subgroup analysis revealed that the ratio of segmental anterior horn involvement decreased in the early pandemic period (P = 0.003), myopathies decreased in the late pandemic period (P = 0.001), and cranial neuropathies increased in the late pandemic period (P = 0.005) compared with the same periods in the previous year.

Conclusion:

During the pandemic, there have been changes in clinical practice approaches in the electrophysiology laboratory. More cranial neuropathies seemed to be diagnosed in the EMG laboratory during the pandemic, including new-onset facial neuropathies, which was the most significant finding of our study.
Predictors of Retitration in the Sleep Laboratory
Authors: Akyildiz Utku Ogan , Gurses Asli Akyol
Published: March 2023

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a serious public health problem that causes a significant economic burden worldwide. Apart from several treatment approaches, positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy remains the gold standard. Performing an optimal manual titration study to explore the beneficial and comfortable pressure for patients is essential, but the process is troublous sometimes, requiring multiple attempts. The objective of this study was to present our single-center experience regarding PAP titration studies in OSAS and identify the clinical and laboratory parameters that might predict repeat titration.

Materials and Methods:

Medical charts of 248 patients with OSAS who were eligible for PAP therapy were retrospectively reviewed. Age, sex, body mass index, modified Mallampati scores, presence of positive Muller maneuvers, and polysomnographic parameters yielded from diagnostic studies were recorded and compared between patients with single versus repeat titrations.

Results:

The mean age, the proportion of males, and the rate of patients with positive Muller maneuvers were significantly increased in the retitration group (P = 0.015, P = 0.022, and P = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age and positive Muller maneuvers were independent associates of repeat titration (P = 0.036 and P = 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that both aging and the presence of a positive Muller maneuver may predict a troublous titration study, raising the need for recurrent attempts. The final common pathway could contribute to a vulnerable and more collapsible airway during sleep. Recognizing the potential need for retitration at the beginning is favorable regarding adjustment of the laboratory conditions and increases the patients' adherence during the management course. The results also confirm the capability of manual titration in terms of exploring proper PAP pressures in the majority of patients with OSAS.
Impact of Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Patients' Quality of Life in the Western Region, Saudi Arabia 2022
Authors: Albouq Nisreen Ghazi , Albeladi Majid A. , Alyahyawi Layal Bakor , Albalawi Raghad Meteb , Almutairi Hajer Awadah , Aljohani Ma'ad Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Background:

Rhinosinusitis is distinguished by the simultaneous inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been demonstrated to have a negative influence on people's quality of life (QoL), as measured by a variety of standardized outcome instruments. We conducted this study to explore the impact of CRS on patients' QoL in the Western Region, Saudi Arabia.

Subjects and Methods:

This was an observational cross-sectional study carried out among population of the Western Region in Saudi Arabia in 2022. All males and females above the age of 18 years old were invited for participation. The data were collected by using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire which was distributed via social media. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data analysis.

Results:

A total number of participants were 468. Most of them were females (76.9%), with males representing 23.1%. More than half of the respondents were from age between 18 and 28 years. In addition, our results revealed that during the past 8 weeks, a 1–2 week period was the most commonly reported duration of symptoms. Furthermore, the most commonly affected domain of rhinosinusitis disability index was the physical domain, followed by the emotional domain and functional domain.

Conclusion:

Our results suggested that CRS reduced QoL among people from the Western Region, Saudi Arabia. Further evaluation and research are needed to minimize the disability caused by CRS.
Olfactory Dysfunction during the COVID-19 Era
Authors: AlYahya Khalid , Alarfaj Abdullah Ahmed , AlZahir Batool Zahar , Alhelal Fatema Mohammed , Al Sultan Waroud Abdulaziz , Almulhim Ibrahim Mohammed , Alhamam Abdullah Khalid
Published: March 2023

Objective:

There is a strong association between the onset of COVID-19 and olfactory dysfunction (OD) during infection or postinfection as a complication. This study is dedicated to measuring the prevalence of olfactory impairment and its clinical course among patients after COVID-19 infection.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was performed on patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. All participants had completed a validated questionnaire to evaluate the clinical course of OD.

Results:

Among the 305 participants, 138 reported sudden loss of smell. The mean time between the confirmation of COVID-19 and the onset of OD was 3.59 days. Olfactory impairment, accompanied by other symptoms prior to loss of smell, was reported in 67 participants and as an isolated disorder in 21 participants. Those affected reported nasal obstruction before loss of smell. A total of 138 participants complained of persistence of loss of smell even after the resolution of other symptoms. There is not a statistically significant relationship between the time of loss of smell relative to the confirmation of COVID-19 and the time of resolution of OD. In terms of gender, the prevalence of OD is equal among males and females, and results showed no significant relationship between them.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of OD is considered a complication among patients with COVID-19. The prognosis for spontaneous recovery from OD is favorable. Due to the lack of an objective measure for olfactory testing, further studies are needed to objectively measure the alteration of the smell.
A Brief Analysis of “ChatGPT” – A Revolutionary Tool Designed by OpenAI
Authors: Haque Md. Asraful
Published: March 2023

The ChatGPT, a powerful conversational tool trained by OpenAI is considered to be a revolutionary model in the field of artificial intelligence and natural language processing. It has received a lot of attention because of its potential to automate a variety of tasks and possibly have an impact on sectors like translation, customer service, and content creation. It uses GPT-3 (Generative Pre-training Transformer 3) language model to process user queries. GPT-3 has been trained on a very large dataset, which includes a wide range of texts from the internet and other sources. This has given it a broad knowledge base and has allowed it to generate responses to a wide range of prompts that are coherent and human-like. GPT-3 is one of the largest and most powerful language models to date, and it has the ability to perform a wide range of natural language processing tasks. After its release, ChatGPT has become a trending tool for the public to experiment and explore what it is capable of. In this article, we want to clarify what ChatGPT is. How does it work? What makes it different from other chatbots or search engines like Google? What are the major challenges and future prospects for it?
Predicting Breast Cancer with Ensemble Methods on Cloud
Authors: Pham Au , Tran Tu , Tran Phuc , Huynh Hiep
Published: March 2023

There are many dangerous diseases and high mortality rates for women (including breast cancer). If the disease is detected early, correctly diagnosed and treated at the right time, the likelihood of illness and death is reduced. Previous disease prediction models have mainly focused on methods for building individual models. However, these predictive models do not yet have high accuracy and high generalization performance. In this paper, we focus on combining these individual models together to create a combined model, which is more generalizable than the individual models. Three ensemble techniques used in the experiment are: Bagging; Boosting and Stacking (Stacking include three models: Gradient Boost, Random Forest, Logistic Regression) to deploy and apply to breast cancer prediction problem. The experimental results show the combined model with the ensemble methods based on the Breast Cancer Wisconsin dataset; this combined model has a higher predictive performance than the commonly used individual prediction models.
AgFAB - A Farmer-centered Agricultural Bower
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Azhar , Posadas Brianna B. , Qin Fudi , Liu Bohan , Siddique Ali
Published: March 2023

Digital Agriculture aims to raise agricultural productivity while empowering the farming stakeholders (especially the farmers) with the availability of ICT-based applications on smart devices. However, despite putting in much effort, smallholder farmers’ willingness for adopting digital technologies is low in developing countries. In this study, following the principles of the human-design process, we investigated the smallholder farmers’ core demands from mobile/computing application(s). Considering these core demands of the farming community, the developed prototypical interfaces were evaluated by farmers using the System Usability Scale (SUS) to check the acceptability of a proposed farmer-centered solution named AgFAB. The AgFAB prototypical interface design received an average SUS score of 72.37, which is an indication of an acceptable design. Moreover, the results of Paired T-test seem promising for the strong adoptability of AgFAB by farmers with reference to their aspect of usability in the agricultural context.
Lightweight Cryptographic Simulation of Power IoT Fused with Bayesian Network Algorithms
Authors: Zhu Xueqiong , Hu Chengbo , Lu Yongling , Wang Zhen , Xue Hai
Published: March 2023

In the power system, the transmission and processing of information is a very important link, and the core part of it is electronic data, and the transmission and processing of electronic data is the most important link in the power system. Because information is continuously passed between network nodes, the security requirements for information are high. With the development of Internet technology, its application field has been widely expanded to various industries. Therefore, to better ensure power quality and improve network operation efficiency, it is necessary to rationally and effectively manage the entire communication system. Power Internet of Things technology combines information transmission and processing links and realizes data sharing between various communication nodes in the entire network system through intelligent management, thereby improving overall information security. This paper first introduces the research of Bayesian network algorithm, then studies the process of lightweight encryption implementation of power Internet of Things, and then simulates and compares various encryption algorithms to obtain the best encryption scheme, and finally verifies through simulation that the algorithm can effectively ensure the safe transmission of information and improve the efficiency of network operation.
Короткие $\mathrm{SL}_2$-структуры на простых алгебрах Ли
Authors: Stasenko Roman Olegovich
Published: March 2023

В работах Э. Б. Винберга были введены и исследованы некоторые неабелевы градуировки простых алгебр Ли, а именно короткие $\mathrm{SO}_3$- и $\mathrm{SL}_3$-структуры. Мы изучаем другой их вид - короткие $\mathrm{SL}_2$-структуры. Основные результаты относятся к взаимно однозначному соответствию между такими структурами и некоторыми специальными йордановыми алгебрами.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Регуляризация обобщенных функций
Authors: Pavlov Aleksandr Leonidovich
Published: March 2023

Приведены достаточные условия для построения регуляризации обобщенной функции вида $a(\sigma)f$, где $f$ - обобщенная функция, $a(\sigma)$ - бесконечно дифференцируемая функция вне замкнутого множества $N$ и имеющая степенные особенности производных на $N$. Рассмотрено применение указанных регуляризаций для конструктивного построения решений уравнения $Pu=f$, где $P(\sigma)$ - многочлен.
Библиография: 14 названий.
Controle de fungos com óleo de eucalipto e transmissão de Fusarium sp. em sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia
Authors: Farias Otília Ricardo de , Cruz José Manoel Ferreira de Lima , Duarte Ingrid Gomes , Veloso Josiene Silva , Nascimento Luciana Cordeiro do
Published: March 2023

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil on the health and physiological quality of seeds of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. and the transmission of Fusarium sp. associated with seeds. The seeds were immersed in four concentrations of E. globulus essential oil (0.25%; 0.50%; 0.75% and 1.0%). The seeds were also treated with Captana fungicide (240g for 100 kg of seeds) and immersed in sterile distilled water (control). After being treated, the seeds were evaluated by the health test, using the filter paper method (blotter test) and by the physiological quality through germination, first count, germination speed index and seedling length. The transmission of Fusarium sp. via seeds was also assessed, as it is considered potentially pathogenic. The identified fungi were: Cladosporium sp. (16.5%), Aspergillus sp. (15.5%), Fusarium sp. (7.5%), Penicillium sp. (4.0%), Rhizopus sp. (2.5%) and Periconia sp. (0.5%). The essential oil of E. globulus, in any concentration, reduced efficiently the incidence of fungi associated with M. caesalpiniifolia seeds and did not affect the physiological quality of the treated seeds. Fusarium sp. was transmitted via seeds and caused root rot and hypocotyl necrosis.
Phenotypic variations among okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) genetic resources in Sudan
Authors: El Tahir Ibrahim Mohamed
Published: March 2023

A total of 366 accessions of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) obtained from the Agricultural Plant Genetic Resources Conservation and Research Centre (APGRC) in Sudan were characterized for a number of morphological characters using a descriptor list derived from the list published by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources in 1984. Those accessions, which were collected from different regions of Sudan, were grown in the APGRC research farm in Wad Medani town in central Sudan during ten different seasons within the period between 2000 and 2019. Phenotypic variations were observed among and within the different accessions for plant, stem, leaf, inflorescence and fruit characters. Up to 59% of accessions were found to be heterogeneous for different traits. The descriptor states observed ranged from very rare in 5%or less of the accessions, to abundant in more than 90% of the accessions. Substantial phenotypic variation was observed for okra fresh fruits, the main organs used for food, in terms of shape, colour, pubescence and number of ridges. Accessions carrying fruits preferred in local or foreign markets were identified making them good candidates for further breeding to produce new cultivars for both markets. The cluster analysis resulted in 13 subclusters at a similarity level of 60%. When comparing the subclusters with collection sites, no direct relation was detected indicating that okra germplasm has been spreading all over the country resulting in diversified materials across different regions.
Underwater Acoustic Positioning for Close Sources Using Time Division and Code Division Multiplexing
Authors: Yoshizawa Shingo , Wada Atsushi , Sugimoto Hideki
Published: March 2023

Underwater acoustic positioning system (UAPS) is used to know the positions of underwater robots and underwater structures. In ultra-short baseline (USBL) acoustic positioning systems, the three-dimensional position is determined by measuring the time difference of arrival (TDOA). In this paper, we investigate the acoustic positioning system targeting multiple sound sources and propose a simultaneous multi-point measurement method using time division and code division multiplexing (TD-CDM). TD-CDM provides higher position accuracy than code division multiplexing (CDM) and has a much shorter positioning time than time division and multiplexing (TDM). The effectiveness of TD-CDM has been proven by the results of the water tank experiment and simulation.