bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strong mechanical squeezing in an electromechanical system
Authors: Feng Ling-Juan , Lin Gong-Wei , Deng Li , Niu Yue-Ping , Gong Shang-Qing
Published: February 2018

The mechanical squeezing can be used to explore quantum behavior in macroscopic system and realize precision measurement. Here we present a potentially practical method for generating strong squeezing of the mechanical oscillator in an electromechanical system. Through the Coulomb interaction between a charged mechanical oscillator and two fixed charged bodies, we engineer a quadratic electromechanical Hamiltonian for the vibration mode of mechanical oscillator. We show that the strong position squeezing would be obtained on the currently available experimental technologies.
Skin gland concentrations adapted to different evolutionary pressures in the head and posterior regions of the caecilian Siphonops annulatus
Authors: Jared Carlos , Mailho-Fontana Pedro Luiz , Marques-Porto Rafael , Sciani Juliana Mozer , Pimenta Daniel Carvalho , Brodie Edmund D. , Antoniazzi Marta Maria
Published: February 2018

Amphibian skin is rich in mucous glands and poison glands, secreting substances important for gas exchange and playing a fundamental role in chemical defense against predators and microorganisms. In the caecilianSiphonops annulatus(Mikan, 1920) we observed a concentration of enlarged mucous glands in the head region. In the posterior region of the body a similar concentration is made up of enlarged poison glands. These accumulations of glands structurally resemble the macroglands previously reported in anurans and salamanders. The skin glands in these regions are each surrounded by collagen walls forming a honeycomb-like structure. The collagen network in the head region firmly attaches to tiny pits in the bones of the skull. The two extremities of the body produce different secretions, containing exclusive molecules. Considering the fossorial lifestyle of caecilians, it seems evident that the secretions of the head and caudal region serve different functions. The anterior macrogland of mucous glands, rich in mucous/lipid secretion, in conjunction with the funnel-shaped head, may act to lubricate the body and penetrate the soil, thus facilitating locomotion underground. The blunt posterior end bearing an internalized macrogland of poison glands in the dermis may act in chemical defense and/or by blocking invasion of tunnels.
Adsorption and HPLC of carbohydrates and related hydroxy compounds on zeolites
Authors: Wach Wolfgang , Fornefett Iris , Buttersack Christoph , Buchholz Klaus
Published: February 2018

Carbohydrates, sugar alcohols, and other hydroxy compounds were separated on a HPLC column filled with a hydrophobic zeolite and water as eluent.
Development of a novel voltammetric sensor for the determination of quercetin on an electrochemically pretreated carbon-paste electrode
Authors: Pliuta Konstantin , Chebotarev Alexander , Koicheva Anastasiya , Bevziuk Kateryna , Snigur Denys
Published: February 2018

In this work, a simple, cheap and sensitive sensor for quercetin voltammetric determination was developed.
Artificial molecular and nanostructures for advanced nanomachinery
Authors: Ellis Elizabeth , Moorthy Suresh , Chio Weng-I Katherine , Lee Tung-Chun
Published: February 2018

This Feature Article overviews major types of nanoscale machines to reveal common structural features and design rules across different length scales and material systems.
Facile meltPEGylation of flame-made luminescent Tb3+-doped yttrium oxide particles: hemocompatibility, cellular uptake and comparison to silica
Authors: Keevend Kerda , Panzarasa Guido , Starsich Fabian H. L. , Zeltner Martin , Spyrogianni Anastasia , Tsolaki Elena , Fortunato Giuseppino , Pratsinis Sotiris E. , Bertazzo Sergio , Herrmann Inge K.
Published: February 2018

MeltPEGylation constitutes an elegant one-pot route for the efficient PEGylation of metal oxide nanoparticles with improved hemo- and cytocompatibility.
Spatially resolved coding of λ-orthogonal hydrogels by laser lithography
Authors: Batchelor Rhiannon R. , Blasco Eva , Wuest Kilian N. R. , Lu Hongxu , Wegener Martin , Barner-Kowollik Christopher , Stenzel Martina H.
Published: February 2018

A λ-orthogonal reaction system is introduced, where visible light induced radical thiol–ene and UV light induced NITEC (Nitrile-Imine mediated Tetrazole–Ene Conjugation) ligations are consecutively employed to fabricate and functionalize PEG-based hydrogels.
The effects of osmolytes and crowding on the pressure-induced dissociation and inactivation of dimeric LADH
Authors: Julius Karin , Al-Ayoubi Samy R. , Paulus Michael , Tolan Metin , Winter Roland
Published: February 2018

Compatible osmolytes are able to efficiently modulate the oligomeric state, stability and activity of enzymes at high pressures.
Virtually imprinted polymers (VIPs): understanding molecularly templated materialsviamolecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Zink S. , Moura F. A. , Autreto P. Alves da Silva , Galvão D. S. , Mizaikoff B.
Published: February 2018

Theoretical model of molecularly imprinted polymers based on molecular dynamics simulations.
Electronic and optical properties of hydrogenated group-IV multilayer materials
Authors: Pontes Renato Borges , Mançano Rosana Rabelo , da Silva Rafael , Cótica Luiz Fernando , Miwa Roberto Hiroki , Padilha José Eduardo
Published: February 2018

Hydrogenated group-IV layered materials are semiconducting forms of silicene, germanene and stanene.
Study of the layer-dependent properties of MoS2 nanosheets with different crystal structures by DFT calculations
Authors: Zhao Zong-Yan , Liu Qing-Lu
Published: February 2018

The main features of the electronic structure of MoS2 nanosheets are contributed by the intra-layer interaction, and the inter-layer interaction only induces slight perturbation. But the latter has an important influence on the electronic structure of MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets, especially the monolayer.
Understanding the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethyl lactate to ethyl pyruvate over vanadia/titania
Authors: Zhang Wei , Innocenti Giada , Ferbinteanu Marilena , Ramos-Fernandez Enrique V. , Sepulveda-Escribano Antonio , Wu Haihong , Cavani Fabrizio , Rothenberg Gadi , Shiju N. Raveendran
Published: February 2018

We studied the vapour-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of ethyl lactate to ethyl pyruvate over V2O5/TiO2 catalysts in a fixed-bed reactor.
Bimetallic Ni–Co catalysts supported on Mn–Al oxide for selective catalytic CO hydrogenation to higher alcohols
Authors: Zhao Lu , Mu Xiaoliang , Liu Tianshuo , Fang Kegong
Published: February 2018

A sol–gel synthesis provides a facile method for preparing Ni–Co catalysts which contributed to the high selectivity for higher alcohols.
Synthesis and characterization of thallium–salen derivatives for use as underground fluid flow tracers
Authors: Boyle Timothy J. , Perales Diana , Rimsza Jessica M. , Alam Todd M. , Boye Daniel M. , Sears Jeremiah M. , Greathouse Jeffery A. , Kemp Richard A.
Published: February 2018

[Tl2(salo-But)] (1, shown) and [Tl2(saloPh-But)] (2) were synthesized and characterized for use as monitors for deep subterranean fluid flows.
Exploiting the benefit of S0 → T1 excitation in triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion to attain large anti-stokes shifts: tuning the triplet state lifetime of a tris(2,2′-bipyridine) osmium(ii) complex
Authors: Liu Dongyi , Zhao Yingjie , Wang Zhijia , Xu Kejing , Zhao Jianzhang
Published: February 2018

The triplet state lifetime of an Os(bpy)3 complex showing strong S0 → T1 absorption was prolonged 30-fold by attaching Bodipy chromophores.
Retention of selenium by calcium aluminate hydrate (AFm) phases under strongly-reducing radioactive waste repository conditions
Authors: Rojo H. , Scheinost A. C. , Lothenbach B. , Laube A. , Wieland E. , Tits J.
Published: February 2018

Strong Se(-ii) sorption mainly in the interlayer of hemicarbonate (AFm-HC). Weak Se(-ii) sorption restricted to sorption sites on the surface of monocarbonate (AFm-MC).
Different antitumor effects of quercetin, quercetin-3′-sulfate and quercetin-3-glucuronide in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells
Authors: Wu Qiu , Needs Paul W. , Lu Yalong , Kroon Paul A. , Ren Daoyuan , Yang Xingbin
Published: February 2018

This study was designed to investigate the tumor-inhibitory effects of quercetin (Que) and its water-soluble metabolites, quercetin-3′-sulfate (Q3′S) and quercetin-3-glucuronide (Q3G), as well as to make the molecular mechanism and structure-antitumor relationship clear.
One-step hydrothermal synthesis of a novel 3D BiFeWOx/Bi2WO6 composite with superior visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wang Yanan , Zeng Yiqing , Chen Xuanyu , Wang Qiuyang , Guo Lina , Zhang Shule , Zhong Qin
Published: February 2018

A novel 3D BiFeWOx/Bi2WO6 (BFW/BWO) composite has been synthesized via a facile one-pot hydrothermal process.
Catalyst-free nucleophilic addition reactions of silyl glyoxylates in water
Authors: Han Man-Yi , Lin Jing , Li Wei , Luan Wen-Yu , Mai Pei-Lin , Zhang Yong
Published: February 2018

A novel catalyst-free addition reaction of thiols to silyl glyoxylates is developed in water, providing an efficient route for the synthesis of α-hydroxysilanes.
One-step esterification of nanocellulose in a Brønsted acid ionic liquid for delivery to glioblastoma cancer cells
Authors: Cellante L. , Costa R. , Monaco I. , Cenacchi G. , Locatelli E.
Published: February 2018

A Brønsted acid ionic liquid used as a solvent and a catalyst allows easy and mild esterification of nanocellulose with a chlorotoxin peptide.
Structural preferences in strong anion–π and halogen-bonded complexes: π- and σ-holes vs. frontier orbitals interaction
Authors: Grounds Olivia , Zeller Matthias , Rosokha Sergiy V.
Published: February 2018

Intermolecular contacts in strong anion–π and halogen-bonded complexes follow frontier orbitals (instead of most positive or negative surface potentials) of reactants.
Efficient entrapment and catalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides on hollow metal oxide submicro-spheres as lithium–sulfur battery cathodes
Authors: Ma Feng , Liang Jiashun , Wang Tanyuan , Chen Xian , Fan Yining , Hultman Benjamin , Xie Huan , Han Jiantao , Wu Gang , Li Qing
Published: February 2018

Hollow structured metal oxide (Co3O4, Mn2O3, and NiO) submicro-spheres are prepared by a novel method and employed as efficient LiPS immobilizers.
Recent developments of truly stretchable thin film electronic and optoelectronic devices
Authors: Zhao Juan , Chi Zhihe , Yang Zhan , Chen Xiaojie , Arnold Michael S. , Zhang Yi , Xu Jiarui , Chi Zhenguo , Aldred Matthew P.
Published: February 2018

A panoramic review of the latest progress regarding truly stretchable electronic devices with all components themselves permitting elastic deformation.
Coalescence between Au nanoparticles as induced by nanocurvature effect and electron beam athermal activation effect
Authors: Cheng Liang , Zhu Xianfang , Su Jiangbin
Published: February 2018

The coalescence of two single-crystalline Au nanoparticles on surface of amorphous SiOxnanowire, as induced by electron beam irradiation, wasin situstudied at room temperature in a transmission electron microscope.
Isolation, structural elucidation, and synthetic study of salviyunnanone A, an abietane derived diterpenoid with a 7/5/6/3 ring system from Salvia yunnanensis
Authors: Xia Fan , Zhang Da-Wei , Wu Chun-Yan , Geng Hui-Chun , Xu Wen-Dan , Zhang Yu , Yang Xing-Wei , Qin Hong-Bo , Xu Gang
Published: February 2018

Salviyunnanone A (1), a cytotoxic diterpenoid possessing an unprecedented architecture was characterized, and its 6-epi-isomer was synthetic achieved in 9 steps.
One millimeter per minute growth rates for single wall carbon nanotube forests enabled by porous metal substrates
Authors: Matsumoto Naoyuki , Oshima Azusa , Ishizawa Sachiko , Chen Guohai , Hata Kenji , Futaba Don N.
Published: February 2018

We report an exceptionally high-efficiency synthesis of long single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) forests using a porous substrate (metal meshes) in place of nonporous flat substrates.
Materials with low dielectric constant and loss and good thermal properties prepared by introducing perfluorononenyl pendant groups onto poly(ether ether ketone)
Authors: Sun Handong , Lv Yunxia , Zhang Chongyang , Zuo Xiaodan , Li Mengzhu , Yue Xigui , Jiang Zhenhua
Published: February 2018

Introducing long carbon–fluorine bonds into the polymer chain produced comb-shaped PEEK possessing a low dielectric constant (2.73) and low dielectric loss (3.00 × 10−3).
Compact TiO2 films with sandwiched Ag nanoparticles as electron-collecting layer in planar type perovskite solar cells: improvement in efficiency and stability
Authors: Abate Seid Yimer , Wu Wen-Ti , Pola Someshwar , Tao Yu-Tai
Published: February 2018

Embedding silver nanoparticles in the compact TiO2 layer effectively improves the efficiency and stability of a perovskite solar cell.
Analysing the impact of a discussion-oriented curriculum on first-year general chemistry students' conceptions of relative acidity
Authors: Shah Lisa , Rodriguez Christian A. , Bartoli Monica , Rushton Gregory T.
Published: February 2018

Instructional strategies that support meaningful student learning of complex chemical topics are an important aspect of improving chemistry education. Adequately assessing the success of these approaches can be supported with the use of aligned instruments with established psychometrics. Here, we report the implementation and assessment of one such curriculum,Chemical Thinking, on first-year general chemistry students' conceptions of relative acidity using the recently-developed concept inventory,ACIDI. Our results reveal that, overall, students performed significantly better onACIDIfollowing instruction, with scores consistent with those previously reported for students who had completed one semester of organic chemistry. Students performed equally well on a delayed post-test administered ten weeks after final instruction, which suggests that instruction promoted a stable conceptual reprioritisation. Item analysis ofACIDIrevealed that students generally made conceptual gains on items where inductive effects were the primary determinants of conjugate base stability and relative acidity. However, students overwhelmingly struggled on items where resonance was the primary determinant. Analysis of student–student arguments in active learning settings provided evidence for how the quality of student arguments impacted their conceptions. Overall, these findings suggest that students were able to avoid several superficial misconceptions cited in the literature about relative acidity, and that this topic, traditionally taught exclusively in organic chemistry, may be introduced earlier in the sequence of curricular topics. Implications for future studies on the role of argumentational aspects of student–student conversations and facilitation strategies in promoting or hindering meaningful learning are discussed.
Understanding the charge transport properties of redox active metal–organic conjugated wires
Authors: Bu Donglei , Xiong Yingqi , Tan Ying Ning , Meng Miao , Low Paul J. , Kuang Dai-Bin , Liu Chun Y.
Published: February 2018

For Rh2-organic molecular wires, we found that weaker coupling systems built using longer bridging ligands exhibit better electrical conductance.
Triplet state homoaromaticity: concept, computational validation and experimental relevance
Authors: Jorner Kjell , Jahn Burkhard O. , Bultinck Patrick , Ottosson Henrik
Published: February 2018

Conjugation through space can give rise to aromaticity in the lowest excited triplet state, with impact for photochemistry.
Copper-catalyzed synthesis of allenylboronic acids. Access to sterically encumbered homopropargylic alcohols and amines by propargylboration
Authors: Zhao Jian , Jonker Sybrand J. T. , Meyer Denise N. , Schulz Göran , Tran C. Duc , Eriksson Lars , Szabó Kálmán J.
Published: February 2018

Synthesis and application of allenylboronic acids is presented. The successful synthetic applications are based on the possibility of the versatile transformations of the unprotected B(OH)2 group in situ under the propargylboration conditions.
Liquid crystalline behaviour of self-assembled LAPONITE®/PLL–PEG nanocomposites
Authors: Xu P. , Lan Y. , Xing Z. , Eiser E.
Published: February 2018

By coating the flat faces of LAPONITE® disks with the comb-like polymer PLL–PEG we can fully suppress their aging in water and access their liquid-crystalline phases.
Solution-processable flexible thermoelectric composite films based on conductive polymer/SnSe0.8S0.2 nanosheets/carbon nanotubes for wearable electronic applications
Authors: Ju Hyun , Park Dabin , Kim Jooheon
Published: February 2018

Flexible thermoelectric composite films with a high thermoelectric power factor are achieved via a solution processing procedure.
Thermoresponsive double network cryogels from dendronized copolymers showing tunable encapsulation and release of proteins
Authors: Feng Xiaoqing , Liu Jie , Xu Gang , Zhang Xiacong , Su Xinyan , Li Wen , Zhang Afang
Published: February 2018

Thermoresponsive double network cryogels were prepared from OEG-based dendronized copolymers with PVA, which can reversibly capture and release proteins.
Electrocatalytic performance of a zinc sulphide nanoparticles-modified carbon paste electrode for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen, guanine and adenine
Authors: Mahanthappa Mallappa , Kottam Nagaraju , Yellappa Shivaraj
Published: February 2018

The simultaneous electroanalysis of acetaminophen (AC), guanine (G) and adenine (A) was successfully achieved on the zinc sulphide nanoparticles-modified carbon paste electrode (ZnS NPs/CPE) in phosphate buffer solution (PBS).
Deep eutectic solvent-based extraction coupled with green two-dimensional HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS for the determination of anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. fruit
Authors: Sang Jun , Li Bing , Huang Ya-ya , Ma Qun , Liu Kang , Li Cui-qin
Published: February 2018

This study aimed to extract and separate total anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. by combining deep eutectic solvents (DES) with macroporous resin chromatography and to develop green analytical methods for the determination of anthocyanins.
One-dimensional MoO2–Co2Mo3O8@C nanorods: a novel and highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction catalyst derived from metal–organic framework composites
Authors: Li Yanqiang , Xu Haibin , Huang Huiyong , Wang Chao , Gao Liguo , Ma Tingli
Published: February 2018

One dimensional MoO2–Co2Mo3O8@C nanorods were synthesized by using MoO3@ZIF-67 composites as a precursor and the catalyst Co2Mo3O8 shows excellent OER activity.
Design of bifunctional chiral phenanthroline ligand with Lewis basic site for palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution
Authors: Naganawa Yuki , Abe Hiroki , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: February 2018

Conceptually new bifunctional chiral ligands with Lewis basic site were developed for Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution.
Uncovering reaction sequences on surfaces through graphical methods
Authors: Jafari Mina , Zimmerman Paul M.
Published: February 2018

ZStruct is a graph-based model that generates an ensemble of plausible reaction pathways starting from a given initial state, without requiring prior knowledge of reaction intermediates.
Water molecule induced reversible single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation between two trinuclear Fe(ii) complexes with different spin crossover behaviour
Authors: Chen Wen-Bin , Chen Yan-Cong , Yang Meng , Tong Ming-Liang , Dong Wen
Published: February 2018

Water molecule induced reversible single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation between two trinuclear Fe(ii) complexes with different spin crossover behaviour.
Trapping of transient, heavy pnictogen-centred biradicals
Authors: Bresien J. , Hinz A. , Schulz A. , Villinger A.
Published: February 2018

The heavy biradicals [E(μ-NTer)]2 (E = Sb, Bi) were generated in situ and trapped by a formal [2 + 2] addition reaction with tolan (Ph–CC–Ph).
Mercury behaviour and C, N, and P biogeochemical cycles during ecological restoration processes of old mining sites in French Guiana
Authors: Couic Ewan , Grimaldi Michel , Alphonse Vanessa , Balland-Bolou-Bi Clarisse , Livet Alexandre , Giusti-Miller Stéphanie , Sarrazin Max , Bousserrhine Noureddine
Published: February 2018

Restoration processes affect positively microbial activities and decrease mercury mobility.
Pyrene–cyanine conjugates as multipurpose fluorescent probes for non-covalent recognition of ds-DNA, RNA and proteins
Authors: Šmidlehner T. , Badovinac M. , Piantanida I.
Published: February 2018

One molecule-dual fluorescence response: pyrene emission highly selective for BSA protein and “switch-on” of cyanine fluorescence selective for DNA.
Hemisynthesis, computational and molecular docking studies of novel nitrogen containing steroidal aromatase inhibitors: testolactam and testololactam
Authors: Lone Shabir H. , Bhat Muzzaffar A. , Lone Rayees A. , Jameel Salman , Lone Javeed A. , Bhat Khursheed A.
Published: February 2018

Combined DFT and molecular docking studies of synthesized steroidal lactams reveal their potential as aromatase inhibitors.
Insight into fast ion migration kinetics of a new hybrid single Li-ion conductor based on aluminate complexes for solid-state Li-ion batteries
Authors: Feng Yancong , Tan Rui , Zhao Yan , Gao Rongtan , Yang Luyi , Yang Jinlong , Li Hao , Zhou Guofu , Chen Haibiao , Pan Feng
Published: February 2018

A novel hybrid single Li-ion conductor with high ion migration kinetics was prepared by mixing aluminate complexes–polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide. The new hopping transport mechanism was proposed.
A fast response fluorescence probe specific for hypochlorous acid detection and its applications in bioimaging
Authors: Jia Hongmin , Xia Shuhe , Feng Huan , Meng Qingtao , Duan Chengchen , Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhang Run
Published: February 2018

The features ofDNPH-NA, including its high sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability at physiological pH, together with a rapid response, enable its successful application in the detection of endogenous HOClin vitroandin vivo.
A general strategy to simulate osmotic energy conversion in multi-pore nanofluidic systems
Authors: Xiao Feilong , Ji Danyan , Li Hao , Tang Jialiang , Feng Yaping , Ding Liping , Cao Liuxuan , Li Ning , Jiang Lei , Guo Wei
Published: February 2018

To get precise simulation for ion transport in porous nanofluidic systems, the influence of neighbouring nanopores should be seriously considered.
Enhancement of the photocatalytic performance and thermal stability of an iron based metal–organic-framework functionalised by Ag/Ag3PO4
Authors: Sofi Feroz Ahmad , Majid Kowsar
Published: February 2018

Ag/Ag3PO4 functionalised MIL-53(Fe) composite structures with superior visible light photocatalytic activity and thermal stability for the degradation of organic pollutants.
Diastereo- and enantioselective construction of chiral cyclopenta[b]indole framework via a catalytic asymmetric tandem cyclization of 2-indolymethanols with 2-naphthols
Authors: Wu Jia-Le , Wang Jing-Yi , Wu Ping , Wang Jin-Rong , Mei Guang-Jian , Shi Feng
Published: February 2018

The title reaction has been established in the presence of chiral phosphoric acids, which constructed chiral cyclopenta[b]indole frameworks in high stereoselectivities.
An unusual stereoretentive 1,3-quaternary carbon shift resulting in an enantioselective RhII-catalyzed formal [4+1]-cycloaddition between diazo compounds and vinyl ketenes
Authors: Rodriguez Kevin X. , Pilato Tara C. , Ashfeld Brandon L.
Published: February 2018

A Rh2(S-TCPTTL)4-catalyzed cyclopropanation of a vinyl ketene with a disubstituted diazo compound initiates a stereorententive, accelerated ring expansion to provide the cycloadduct in good to excellent yields and enantioselectivity.
Highly-organized stacked multilayers via layer-by-layer assembly of lipid-like surfactants and polyelectrolytes. Stratified supramolecular structures for (bio)electrochemical nanoarchitectonics
Authors: Cortez M. Lorena , Lorenzo Agustín , Marmisollé Waldemar A. , von Bilderling Catalina , Maza Eliana , Pietrasanta Lía , Battaglini Fernando , Ceolín Marcelo , Azzaroni Omar
Published: February 2018

Redox-active and (bio)functional hosts can be deliberately located in self-assembled stratified domains.
Super strong dopamine hydrogels with shape memory and bioinspired actuating behaviours modulated by solvent exchange
Authors: Huang Jiahe , Liao Jiexin , Wang Tao , Sun Weixiang , Tong Zhen
Published: February 2018

Dopamine-containing strong hydrogels with shape memory, actuating, painting and multiple shape change capabilities were realized based on solvent exchange induced reversible crosslinking between H2O and DMSO.
Dendritic fibrous nano-silica supported gold nanoparticles as an artificial enzyme
Authors: Singh Rustam , Belgamwar Rajesh , Dhiman Mahak , Polshettiwar Vivek
Published: February 2018

We report a dendritic fibrous nano-silica supported gold nanoparticles (DFNS/Au) as peroxidase like artificial enzyme. This study indicates the unique role of fibrous morphology of DFNS for enhancement in enzymatic activity. A solvent dependent selectivity towards a two-electron oxidation product, TMB-diamine, has also been observed.
Broadband hybrid organic/CuInSe2 quantum dot photodetectors
Authors: Guo Ruiqi , Shen Ting , Tian Jianjun
Published: February 2018

A broadband hybrid photodetector was obtained by combining the ultraviolet detection of spiro-OMeTAD and near-infrared detection of CuInSe2 QDs.
Radiatively driven relativistic jets in Schwarzschild space-time
Authors: Vyas Mukesh K. , Chattopadhyay Indranil
Published: February 2018

Context. Aims. We carry out a general relativistic study of radiatively driven conical fluid jets around non-rotating black holes and investigate the effects and significance of radiative acceleration, as well as radiation drag.

Methods. We apply relativistic equations of motion in curved space-time around a Schwarzschild black hole for axis-symmetric one-dimensional jet in steady state, plying through the radiation field of the accretion disc. Radiative moments are computed using information of curved space-time. Slopes of physical variables at the sonic points are found using L’Hôpital’s rule and employing Runge-Kutta’s fourth order method to solve equations of motion. The analysis is carried out using the relativistic equation of state of the jet fluid.

Results. The terminal speed of the jet depends on how much thermal energy is converted into jet momentum and how much radiation momentum is deposited onto the jet. Many classes of jet solutions with single sonic points, multiple sonic points, as well as those having radiation driven internal shocks are obtained. Variation of all flow variables along the jet-axis has been studied. Highly energetic electron-proton jets can be accelerated by intense radiation to terminal Lorentz factors γT ~ 3. Moderate terminal speed vT ~ 0.5 is obtained for moderately luminous discs. Lepton dominated jets may achieve γT ~ 10.

Conclusions. Thermal driving of the jet itself and radiation driving by accretion disc photons produce a wide-ranging jet solutions starting from moderately strong jets to the relativistic ones. Interplay of intensity, the nature of the radiation field, and the energetics of the jet result in a variety of jet solutions. We show that radiation field is able to induce steady shocks in jets, one of the criteria to explain high-energy power-law emission observed in spectra of some of the astrophysical objects.
Asteroseismology of ZZ Ceti stars with full evolutionary white dwarf models
Authors: De Gerónimo F. C. , Althaus L. G. , Córsico A. H. , Romero A. D. , Kepler S. O.
Published: February 2018

Context. The thermally pulsing phase on the asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) is the last nuclear burning phase experienced by most low- and intermediate-mass stars. During this phase, the outer chemical stratification above the C/O core of the emerging white dwarf (WD) is built up. The chemical structure resulting from progenitor evolution strongly impacts the whole pulsation spectrum exhibited by ZZ Ceti stars, which are pulsating C/O core white dwarfs located on a narrow instability strip at Teff ~ 12 000 K. Several physical processes occurring during progenitor evolution strongly affect the chemical structure of these stars; those found during the TP-AGB phase are the most relevant for the pulsational properties of ZZ Ceti stars.

Aims. We present a study of the impact of the chemical structure built up during the TP-AGB evolution on the stellar parameters inferred from asteroseismological fits of ZZ Ceti stars.

Methods. Our analysis is based on a set of carbon–oxygen core white dwarf models with masses from 0.534 to 0.6463 M⊙ derived from full evolutionary computations from the ZAMS to the ZZ Ceti domain. We computed evolutionary sequences that experience different number of thermal pulses (TP).

Results. We find that the occurrence or not of thermal pulses during AGB evolution implies an average deviation in the asteroseimological effective temperature of ZZ Ceti stars of at most 8% and on the order of ≲5% in the stellar mass. For the mass of the hydrogen envelope, however, we find deviations up to 2 orders of magnitude in the case of cool ZZ Ceti stars. Hot and intermediate temperature ZZ Ceti stars show no differences in the hydrogen envelope mass in most cases.

Conclusions. Our results show that, in general, the impact of the occurrence or not of thermal pulses in the progenitor stars is not negligible and must be taken into account in asteroseismological studies of ZZ Ceti stars.
Juger la pertinence de la régulation des comportements déviants en Éducation Physique et Sportive : une comparaison entre enseignants titulaires et stagiaires
Authors: Fruchart Éric , Rulence-Pâques Patricia
Published: February 2018

L’objectif de cette étude était de mettre en évidence les différences entre 30 enseignants titulaires et 24 enseignants stagiaires pour juger la pertinence de la régulation de comportements déviants au cours d’une leçon en Éducation Physique et Sportive. Les participants ont indiqué leur jugement de pertinence dans 48 scénarios construits à partir du croisement de cinq informations contextuelles : la stratégie de régulation mise en place, le comportement déviant auquel l’enseignant est confronté, le niveau de la classe de l’élève, l’habitude de l’élève à adopter ce type de comportement, le comportement habituel de l’équipe d’Éducation Physique et Sportive de l’enseignant. Les résultats montrent que les stagiaires se sont distingués des titulaires dans la combinaison des informations contextuelles prises en compte dans leurs jugements.
Towards the Total Synthesis of Schisandrene: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignan Core
Authors: Babu K. , Venkanna Arramshetti , Poornima Borra , Siva Bandi , Babu B.
Published: February 2018

A stereoselective synthesis of the dibenzocyclooctadiene ­lignan core of the natural product schisandrene is described. Starting from readily available gallic acid, the synthetic strategy involves Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling, Stille reaction, and ring-closing metathesis (RCM) in the reaction sequence. The required asymmetric center at C-7′ was established by an asymmetric reduction of a keto compound using the Corey–Bakshi–Shibata (CBS) catalyst. In our approach, the eight-membered ring was achieved by RCM for the first time.
Biomimetic Approaches: Synthesis of (±)-Homodimericin A
Authors: Wang Zhang , Ma Donghui
Published: February 2018

A brief history of biomimetic total synthesis is reviewed. The molecules covered in this SynPact account include tropinone (Robinson, 1917), usnic acid (Barton, 1956), progesterone (Johnson, 1971), endiandric acids (Nicolaou, 1982), methyl homosecodaphniphyllate (Heathcock, 1988), glabrescol (Corey, 2000), FR182877 (Sorensen, 2002 and Evans, 2002), and intricarene (Pattenden, 2006 and Trauner, 2006). Key biomimetic transformations of the syntheses are highlighted. Our recent biomimetic synthesis of homodimericin A is also discussed. Our study validates the key steps of the biosynthesis proposed by Clardy et al.
Arenophile-Mediated Dearomative Functionalization Strategies
Authors: Sarlah David , Okumura Mikiko
Published: February 2018

The dearomatization of arenes is a fundamental synthetic strategy, providing a direct connection between simple hydrocarbons and valuable, more complex intermediates. While several strategies exist, the functionalization with concurrent introduction of functionality (i.e., dearomative functionalization) is still a largely underdeveloped field. This Synpacts article provides an overview and insights from our recent work in this area using small molecules—arenophiles.

1 Introduction

2 Arenophiles

3 Olefin-Like Dearomative Functionalizations

4 Arenophiles and Transition-Metal Catalysis

5 Applications in Natural Product Synthesis

6 Conclusion
Endoscopic Endonasal Transtuberculum Sellae Approach for the Resection of Suprasellar Intrainfundibular Epidermoid Cyst
Authors: Montaser Alaa , Revuelta Barbero Juan , Shahein Mostafa , Todeschini Alexandre , Otto Bradley , Carrau Ricardo , Prevedello Daniel
Published: February 2018

A 49-year-old female presented with intense headaches of 3 months duration. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed and showed a sellar–suprasellar lesion extending into the third ventricle. A presumptive diagnosis of a craniopharyngioma was made. Since the patient did not have any visual deficits, she opted for conservative management. Four months later, she started to have progressive deterioration of vision; thus, surgery was indicated.

The patient underwent endoscopic endonasal resection of the lesion through a transtuberculum sellae approach. The patient was positioned supine with the head slightly extended and the face turned to the right side. Following the essence of a binostril four-hand technique, a total gross resection of the lesion was achieved and multilayer skull base reconstruction was performed utilizing collagen matrix and nasoseptal flap; with no intraoperative complications.

The patient's postoperative course was uneventful with the improvement in her vision, and she was discharged on postoperative day 4 with no new neurological deficits. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst. Postoperative pituitary gland function was within normal limits except for mild diabetes insipidus for which she is on DDAVP 0.1 mg twice daily. At 4 years follow-up, the patient was doing well, her vision was normalized, and brain MRI revealed no evidence of residual or recurrent lesion.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/OqDFpa_Xq78.
Institution of a Comprehensive Postpartum Hemorrhage Bundle at a Large Academic Center does not Immediately Reduce Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Wang Eileen , O'Rourke Kathleen , Romanos April , Srinivas Sindhu , Hamm Rebecca
Published: February 2018

Objective Obstetric hemorrhage is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. We sought to assess whether institution of a postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) bundle could improve maternal morbidity in our population.

Study Design Preintervention data (PRE) was collected on all deliveries at Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania between October 15, 2013 and December 15, 2013. A two-pronged, multidisciplinary educational and procedural intervention related to PPH was instituted from March 2015 to June 2015. Postintervention data (POST) was collected on all deliveries from October 20, 2015 to December 20, 2015.

Results Note that 592 of 626 (95%) PRE and 583 of 613 (95%) POST deliveries were included. The rates of PPH by estimated blood loss (EBL) ≥ 1,000 mL and by 3 g hemoglobin drop were not significantly different from PRE to POST (9.0% versus 12.2%, p = 0.07 and 10.5% versus 13.5%, p = 0.10, respectively). There was no significant change in transfusion rate (3.4% versus 5.1%, p = 0.13). Use of uterotonics was reduced from 9.8 to 6.3% from PRE to POST (p = 0.03).

Conclusion While institution of a PPH bundle is designed to improve the morbidity of PPH, our data demonstrate that it cannot be expected to do so within 6 months of implementation. Further studies will need to assess the long-term effects of such a resource-intensive protocol, including perceptions of improved safety by all providers, nurses, and staff.
Factors Associated with Placental Vascularization Measured by 3D Power Doppler Ultrasonographic Sphere Biopsy between 11 and 14 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Boutin Amelie , Dembickaja Regina , Campanero Mercedes , Nicolaides Kypros , Demers Suzanne
Published: February 2018

Objective Preeclampsia is associated with placental vascularization disorders. Ultrasonographic sphere biopsy (USSB) of the placenta can estimate the vascularization of the placenta and potentially the risk of preeclampsia. We aimed to explore the factors related to placental vascularization measured with USSB in the first trimester.

Study Design A prospective cohort was conducted in women recruited at 11 to 14 weeks. Three-dimensional acquisition of the placenta with power Doppler was undertaken along with crown-rump length (CRL). Using USSB of the full placental thickness at its center, vascularization index, flow index, and vascular flow index were measured. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariate linear regression were used to correlate the vascularization indices with CRL and maternal characteristics.

Results A total of 5,612 women were recruited at a mean gestational age of 12.8 ± 0.6 weeks. We observed that vascularization indices increase with CRL. After adjustment, we observed that maternal age, ethnicity other than Caucasian, and body mass index were associated with lower vascularization indices, while diabetes, smoking, and assisted reproduction technology were not. We observed that parous women without history of preeclampsia had greater vascularization indices compared with nulliparous women.

Conclusion Placental vascularization indices assessed by USSB fluctuate with gestational age, ethnicity, maternal age, body mass index, and previous pregnancy history.
Efficacy of Epidural Analgesia after Laparotomy in Children
Authors: Keyzer-Dekker Claudia , van Dijk Monique , Staals Lonneke , Leeuw Tom , Wijnen Rene , Bravenboer-Monster Klarieke
Published: February 2018

Background Epidural analgesia (EDA) is used as postoperative pain treatment in children, but little is known about its efficacy after laparotomy in children. This retrospective study investigated the efficacy of postoperative EDA after laparotomy in children and the frequencies of adverse effects and complications.

Materials and Methods Data of all children aged 0 to 18 years undergoing laparotomy and treated with EDA in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were collected. EDA was classified as successful either if the catheter was removed when there was no further need, and the patient was comfortable with oral/rectal analgesics or when EDA was continued after intervention.

Results Ninety children with a median age of 3.7 years were included in the study. In 65% (59/90), EDA was classified as successful. In 34% (20/59) of all successful cases, an additional intervention was needed. In 35% (31/90), the catheter was removed earlier than planned, in half of these cases after an intervention. The primary reason for earlier removal was inadequate analgesia and technical failure. Adverse effects occurred in 18% and complications in 1% of cases. The successful group was significantly younger than the unsuccessful (p = 0.003).

Conclusion EDA after laparotomy positively contributed to postoperative pain treatment in two-thirds of children. Numbers of adverse effects and complications were low. It is important to optimize pain management after laparotomy in children; thus, further prospective studies should focus on optimizing EDA and comparing EDA with other techniques of analgesia.
A New Two-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography for Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Serra Carla , Grasso Valentina , Conti Fabio , Felicani Cristina , Mazzotta Elena , Lenzi Marco , Verucchi Gabriella , D'errico Antonietta , Andreone Pietro
Published: February 2018

Purpose To assess the performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) on the GE LOGIQ E9 ultrasound system in a cohort of healthy subjects and to investigate its accuracy in the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) using liver biopsy as a reference standard.

Materials and Methods From October 2014 to June 2016, 54 healthy subjects and 174 patients with CLD were consecutively enrolled. Liver fibrosis stage was assessed by the METAVIR scoring system. 18 (10.3 %) and 17 (9.8 %) patients had advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, respectively. The correlation of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and continuous variable was assessed using the Spearman rank correlation. The accuracy of 2D-SWE was evaluated with areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROC).

Results Reliable LSMs were obtained in all subjects. The interobserver agreement ICC was excellent: 0.847. In healthy subjects, gender, but not anthropometric and biochemical data, were correlated with LSM. In patients with CLD, LSM had a strong positive correlation with fibrosis stage (rho = 0.628; p > 0.001). The AUROC was 0.724 for mild fibrosis (F≥ 1), 0.857 for moderate fibrosis (F≥ 2), 0.946 for severe fibrosis (F≥ 3), and 0.935 for cirrhosis (F4). Likewise, good accuracy was observed in the HCV subgroup. The optimal cut-off value in differentiating healthy subjects from CLD patients with any fibrosis was 5.47 kPa with an AUROC of 0.875.

Conclusion 2D-SWE is a reliable and reproducible method to assess LSM with good diagnostic accuracy to assess liver fibrosis in patients with CLD.
Das Lübecker Hochschulmodell der Physiotherapie
Authors: Bretin Annette , Großmann Kirsten , Schulz ArndtPeter
Published: February 2018

Ziel dieses Artikels ist, die Konzeptionierung eines primärqualifizierenden Bachelorstudiengangs Physiotherapie darzustellen, der aufgrund seiner Angliederung an die Hochschulmedizin sowie durch seinen innovativen Ansatz als Novum in der physiotherapeutischen Akademisierung in Deutschland gelten kann. Hierbei wurde die bisherige Ausbildung in der Physiotherapie durch eine Adaption der Qualifikationsziele novelliert. Heraus kam ein Modell, das wissenschaftliches und berufspraktisches Wissen von Beginn an verzahnt. Dabei fördern einige Lehrveranstaltungen gezielt Interprofessionalität. Die Praktika sind vollständig in das Curriculum integriert. Das modellhafte Konzept wird durch ein umfangreiches Qualitätsmanagement überwacht. Der Ansatz entspricht allgemeinen Expertenempfehlungen und kann als Modell für andere Hochschulen genutzt werden.
Help-seeking Following Termination of Pregnancy after Diagnosis of Fetal Anomaly: Womenʼs Intentions and Experiences 1 to 7 Years after the Event
Authors: Hanschmidt Franz , Hoffmann Rahel , Klingner Johanna , Kersting Anette , Stepan Holger
Published: February 2018

Introduction Diagnosis of fetal anomaly and the difficult circumstances involved in the decision to terminate an affected pregnancy can go along with severe psychological distress. However, little is known about womenʼs help-seeking for emotional problems following an abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly.

Methods 148 women who had been treated for abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly at the University Hospital Leipzig responded to self-report questionnaires 1 to 7 years after the event. Main outcomes were help-seeking intentions and actual help-seeking behavior. Logistic regression was used to explore the associations between participantsʼ sociodemographic characteristics and help-seeking intentions.

Results Most women reported that they would seek help from their partner (91.7%), friends/family (82.8%) or the internet (62.2%). With regard to health services, 50.0% of women would seek help from gynecologists and between 43.8 and 47.9% from counseling services and mental health professionals. Intentions to seek help from support groups were lowest (21.7%). Age, income, region, and religion were associated with help-seeking intentions. Among participants with elevated levels of current psychological distress, 23.8% indicated that they had not discussed their emotional problems with a health service ever.

Conclusion Gynecologists are among the most preferred health professionals for women to discuss psychological problems in the aftermath of an abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly. They should be actively involved in screening, diagnostic assessment, and referral of affected women.
Schistosomiasis bei Flüchtlingen und Migranten
Authors: Hennigs Annette , Hennigs Jan K. , Schmiedel Stefan
Published: February 2018

Bilharziose / Schistosomiasis ist eine bei Flüchtlingen (insbesondere aus Afrika) häufig auftretende, meist asymptomatische Infektionskrankheit mit möglicherweise schwerwiegenden Komplikationen. Ein serologisches Screening bei allen Menschen aus Endemieregionen und ein Versuch des Einachweises in Stuhl oder Urin bei positiver Screeningserologie sollte durchgeführt werden. Eine positive Serologie rechtfertigt auch bei negativem direkten Parasitennachweis eine einmalige probatorische Therapie 1.
Verleihung der Salomon-Neumann-Medaille 2017 – Rede des Preisträgers Prof. Bernt-Peter Robra am 5. September 2017 in der St.-Petri-Kirche zu Lübeck
Authors: Robra Bernt-Peter
Published: February 2018

Die Salomon Neumann-Medaille 2017 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP) wurde an Bernt-Peter Robra, Institut für Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitsökonomie (ISMG) der Otto von Guericke Universität Magdeburg verliehen. Neben einer Würdigung der Person und der wissenschaftlichen Leistung von Manfred Pflanz werden auch aktuelle Punkte des Masterplan2020-Prozesses beleuchtet, die für Medizin und Public Health Entwicklungschancen darstellen.
Deutliche Qualitätsverbesserung durch Lehrgangsevaluation des Seeärztlichen Dienstes
Authors: Ewen Annelie
Published: February 2018

Seit 2013 ist der Seeärztliche Dienst der BG Verkehr für die Zulassung und Qualitätssicherung von medizinischen Wiederholungslehrgängen für Nautiker verantwortlich. Seitdem ist jeder Kursteilnehmer verpflichtet, die Qualität des von ihm besuchten Lehrgangs zu beurteilen. Der Seeärztliche Dienst hat die Bewertungsbögen aus dem letzten Jahr ausgewertet – mit sehr guten Ergebnissen für die Kursanbieter.
A comparison of the US National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) with recorded fire occurrence and final fire size
Authors: Walding Nicholas G. , Williams Hywel T. P. , McGarvie Scott , Belcher Claire M.
Published: February 2018

Most previous research has assessed the ability of the National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) to portray fire activity at either single sites or on small spatial scales, despite it being a nation-wide system. This study seeks to examine the relationships between a set of NFDRS fire danger indices (Fire Danger Ratings, Staffing Level and the Ignition Component) and measures of fire activity (fire occurrence and final fire size) across the entire conterminous US over an 8-year period. We reveal that different regions of the US display different levels of correspondence between each of the fire danger indices and recorded fire activity. Areas in the Southern and Eastern Geographic Area Coordination Centers (GACCs) exhibit weaker correlations than those in the Northwest, Northern Rockies, Great Basin and Northern California GACCs. Peaks in fire occurrence are shown to occur at mid–low values of fire danger whereas final fire sizes increase monotonically with each fire danger index. Our findings appear to align with perceived shifts in management practices currently employed across the US and indicate that the ability of the NFDRS to apportion the resources required to combat large fires is in general well developed.