bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Culture of violence in the sphere of family relations
Authors: Efimova M. P.
Published: April 2024

Is it possible to explain the phenomenon of human aggressiveness by the biological nature of a person (innate instinct), or is it an experience acquired (accumulated) in the course of an individual’s life necessary to achieve certain goals, which in some cases acts as one of the most accessible types of communication of individuals? Violence is a certain element of culture, manifested in its diversity in the form of rituals, customs, military and political tactics, following fashion, masochism/sadism in the relationship of the sexes, etc., firmly rooted in human consciousness, without which a person can no longer exist. Violence is an obligatory attribute of any society, from ancient to civilized ones.
Socio-demographic characteristics of persons who committed intentional cause of grevious harm to health (article 111 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation) on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Zhegusov Yu. I. , Koryakina Z. I.
Published: April 2024

The article presents some criminological features of persons who have committed grievous harm to health, qualified under Article 111 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). Thus, on the basis of empirical data, the distinctive features by gender, age, level of education and repetition of persons who committed the crime of this act were analyzed. The analysis of statistical data and scientific sources made it possible to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the personality of whom that committed intentional infliction of grievous harm to health.
The motif of the marriage of heroes in the epic tradition of the turkic-speaking peoples
Authors:   I. Arabaev Kyrgyz State University, Kamila TALIEVA
Published: April 2024

This article examines the motive of marriage in the heroic epics of the Turkic-speaking peoples with a special focus on the plot basis and compositional structure of the motif within the framework of the epics version, which is common to a number of Turkic ethnic groups. The novelty of the results obtained lies in the fact that we systematically investigated the issues of the place of the motive of marriage in the epic works of the Turkic-speaking peoples, the function performed by it, the internal plot and compositional structure of this motif in the evolutionary development of the general plot, issues of poetization, the presence of echoes. The purpose and tasks of the study are to analyze the prerequisites for the emergence of the motive of the hero's marriage in the epic tradition of the Turkic-speaking peoples, the use of various customs in it, to carry out a comparative analysis of the problems of plot and composition in the motive of marriage, the use of artistic means. In our work we used comparative typological, genealogical, problem-themed, historical and literary methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis are also used. As a result of the research, it was revealed that since ancient times our ancestors solved all the difficulties and hardships of nomadic existence, relying on the deep content of the national cultural heritage filled with nomadic philosophy, because it was in it that the traditions and customs of our people, the strength of their mind, the postulates of spiritual and moral behavior were enclosed. At the very core of folk customs and traditions are the problems of creating a family, choosing spouses, and getting married. The presence of mixed ancient religious concepts in the motive of marriage is also determined, the fact that these concepts complement each other to a certain extent indicates a rather significant parallelism in the prerequisites for the emergence and methods of poetization in the motive of marriage in the epic works of the Turkic-speaking peoples. The study found that the indigenous genetic affinity of the Turkic-speaking peoples is observed in the community of poetic artistic means. In addition, the semantic and symbolic aspects of the motive of marriage in the context of the epic tradition and the historical development of society were investigated and determined.
Euphemisms with meanings ‘to die’ and ‘to kill’ in the texts of Khakas heroic epics Altyn-Aryg and Ai-Khuuchin
Authors:   Khakas Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, Irina CHEBOCHAKOVA
Published: April 2024

The heroic epics of the Turkic peoples in Siberia are the brightest achievement of their authentic culture. Due to the processes of urbanization, the diverging from the traditional way of life that are actively taking place in the Republic of Khakassia today, the mass bilingualism among the native speakers of the Khakas language, the switch to Russian by the Khakas younger generation, the loss of traditions in intergenerational transmission of folklore works, especially heroic epic, it is very important to study the linguistic features of Khakas folklore. The purpose of the article is to describe the features of semantic models of verbal euphemisms with meanings ‘to die’ and ‘to kill’, presented in Khakas heroic epics Altyn-Aryg and Ai-Khuuchin. Nominative units with similar meanings have not been previously studied in Khakas language and folklore studies. To achieve this goal, the method of contextual analysis, component analysis, and word formation analysis were used. Phrases with euphemistic verbal nominations, included in thematic group ‘death’ were identified with the help of the method of contextual analysis. Using the method of component analysis, the presence of seme ‘death as cessation of vital activity’ was confirmed in the verb semes. By word-formation analysis, models of the formation of euphemisms with meanings ‘to die’ (8 models) and ‘to kill’ (5 models) were established. The notion “to die” is conveyed by euphemisms formed according to such semantic models as “to lie down > to die”; “to fall down > to die”; “to cross > to die”; “to pass over > to die”; “to break off > to die”; “to transform > to die”; “to part > to die”; “to break (about a saddle pommel) > to die”. The notion “to kill” in the analyzed texts is conveyed through euphemisms formed using semantic models “to make somebody lie down > to kill”, “to make somebody cross > to kill”, “to drop > to kill”, “to tear > to kill”, “to eat > to kill”. Most of euphemisms are formed by metaphorical transfer; one semantic model is based on metonymic transfer (“to break (about a saddle pommel) > to die”). The analyzed units reflect archaism of the ideas reflected in them about death as a transition to the world of the dead, as the result of the interruption of a thread–like substance – a soul ‘tyn’, as the transformation of the external appearance (khubul- literary ‘to change', ‘to transform'), as the parting with the light world ‘akh charykh’
Principles of creating the image of a fox in Russian fairy tales about animals recorded in Siberia and the Far East
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Maria KISELEVA , Alena KOZACHEK ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: April 2024

The article, based on an analysis of research literature, as well as a comparative method and cultural commentary, analyzes fairy tales about animals recorded in the 19th (collection of A. N. Afanasyev, 44 texts) and 20th (“Russian fairy tales of Siberia and the Far East: Magic. About Animals”, 13 texts) centuries, reveals the features of the creation of the image of a fox in the considered works. 45 plots with which this character is associated are analyzed, 9 of the most stable of them, preserved in the tales of Russian settlers to Siberia and the Far East, are identified: 15; 158+1+2+3+4; 155; 20A+21; 170+158; 103; 1+130; 61A; 61B, also in Russian fairy tales about animals, recorded in Siberia and the Far East, very rare plots for the Eastern Slavs are found: 31; 51A*; 56A; 6, which are also associated with the image of a fox. The principles of creating the image of a fox are characterized: 1) the name and addresses of other characters to her; 2) character; 3) speech; 4) characterization of the fox given by other characters; 5) features of the relationship between the fox and wild and domestic animals, as well as with humans; 6) actions and actions characteristic of a fox; 7) motives associated with the image of a fox. Modifications of these principles can be traced in later records made in Siberia and the Far East: a change in the nature of the interaction of the fox with humans and some animals (both wild and domestic); the emergence of a new motive for trade (in addition to such stable motives associated with the image of the fox as greed, gluttony, mischief, pretense, cunning, death of the fox through tearing/cutting). In addition to the atypical motif among the regional components in the records of the 20th century. The emergence of new characters interacting with the fox (milk mushroom, magpie, goat), a reflection of the natural features of a particular region, is noted. The good preservation in the texts of the settlers of what was discovered in the records of the 19th century is proven. a complex of archaic ideas about the fox, characteristic of the traditional picture of the world of the Eastern Slavs: the fox as a demon; fox as a female hypostasis; fox as a negative and positive image (trickster). Loss in 20th century texts The ancient idea of the connection between the image of a fox and fire is probably due to frequent observations of the habits of specific animals and the influence of everyday realities.
Folk names of animals and plants in the Yakut language, educated on the basis of “connection with mythological images, beliefs and totemism”
Authors:   M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Ninel MALYSHEVA
Published: April 2024

This article is devoted to the study of folk names of animals and plants in the Yakut language, formed on the basis of “connection with mythological images, beliefs and totemism”. The study uses descriptive analysis to identify the connection between language and culture and the main patterns of motivational features of the nomination of wildlife objects; component analysis aimed at considering the formal semantic structure of zoonyms and phytonyms to determine the role of their use. The research material was extracted by continuous sampling from the database of Yakut phytonyms and zoonyms, created over the course of about ten years as part of the preparation of a dissertation on the topic “Vocabulary of wildlife in the Yakut language: onomasiology and etymology”. The database is based on a large amount of linguistic material from various sources: explanatory and dialectal dictionaries, biological books, field definitions with reference material, archival documents, folklore and ethnographic materials. The purpose of this article is to show the dependence of the nomination, use and semiotic status of wildlife objects on their signs and properties. The tokens associated with traditional beliefs and legends have bright markings that reveal the peculiarities of the culture and worldview of the Sakha people. The study found that the names of mythological creatures are used in the composition of complex phytonyms and zoonyms: abaahy (demon), tangara (deity), kut (soul), oyuun (shaman), etc. The images of mythological creatures abaahy “demon, evil spirit” and tangara “deity” are used to denote the negative and positive properties of plants and animal signs: abaahy “demon, evil spirit” in plants expresses venom, in animals – ugliness; tangara “deity” in plants – benefit and beauty, in animals – deification and totemism; it is curious that the kut lexeme “soul” (mainly referring in these nominations to cattle and large wild ungulates) is used in the nomination of beetles and their larvae (in which the mandibles are the most striking morphological feature – apparently a parallel to the horns).
PROSES BERPIKIR MATEMATS SISWA DITINJAU DARI SELF-CONFIDENCE MATERI GARIS DAN SUDUT
Authors: Ranti Ruri , Yusmin Edy , Halini Halini
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine and describe the mathematical thinking process of students in terms of self confidence in the material of lines and angles. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. This research involved 20 students of class VII SMP Negeri 4 Sungai Raya. The results of this study indicate that students with mathematical thinking processes with high self-confidence when solving line and angle problems are able to identify and translate information into mathematical form, students also apply the concept of lines and angles, can identify elements of the concept then develop it into a procedure, re-examine answers and plan problem solving. Students whose mathematical thinking process with moderate self-confidence when solving line and angle problems are able to identify and translate information into mathematical form, able to apply the concept of line and angle, can identify elements of the concept then developed into procedures, but students answer only until explaining and checking back and cannot plan problem solving. Students whose mathematical thinking process with low self-confidence are only able to identify and translate information into mathematical form and apply the concept of lines and angles, but cannot identify elements of the concept, cannot develop it into a procedure and also cannot explain and check back each step and cannot plan problem solving.
Severe Spectrums of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infected Pediatric Cases
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Zhou Jianguo , Lu Guoping ,   Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Zhou Wenhao ,   Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Published: April 2024

Background: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant with so far the highest transmissible capability increases the risk of re-infection and vaccine breakthrough infections. Detection of what are the severe spectrums of SARSCoV- 2 Omicron variant-infected pediatric cases was essential in guiding clinical and public health strategies. Data Sources: Original research articles and literature reviews were collected from databases, mainly PubMed. Relevant articles about severe COVID-19 infected pediatric cases and Omicron variant were included. Results: Omicron infected pediatric cases were less severe than previous variant-infected cases, however, because of significantly increased cases, infants and children were hospitalized at a higher number. The severe spectrums of Omicron infected pediatric cases were slightly different from those in the pre- Omicron period. Seizure and croup were two major severe spectrums of SARSCoV- 2 Omicron variant-infected pediatric cases, while MIS-C was less frequent. Even though vaccine breakthrough infection was common, vaccination is effective in preventing hospitalization and critical cases. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-infected pediatric cases shared slightly different severe spectrums with previous variants. Vaccination is strongly recommended for eligible children for preventing hospitalization and critical Covid-19 cases.
Shoulder Erecta Dislocation
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology II, Mohamed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Morocco, A Zaizi , A Rachdi ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology II, Mohamed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Morocco, M Boussouga ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology II, Mohamed V Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Morocco
Published: April 2024

Dislocation of the shoulder is defined by a total loss of contact of the humeral head with the glenoid socket of the scapula. Inferior shoulder dislocation or luxatio erecta humeri is a rare type of glenohumeral dislocation that constitutes <1% of all shoulder dislocations, characterized by subglenoid displacement of the humeral head [1]. Irreducible abduction is pathognomonic attitude for shoulder erecta dislocation.It is a traumatological emergency, that should be early recognized and reduced to prevent neurovascular compromise with increased swelling [2].
Dental Assisting Role in Special Care Dentistry: Proposal of a Structured On-Job Training to Address Skills Lag
Authors:   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, M Al Shamrany , F Meshikhes ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, F Marzouki ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, H Abdrabinabi ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, L Al Zaymour ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, A Al Madani ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Z Saleh ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, MA Al Ghamdi ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, MY Al Ghamdi ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, M Al Wadi ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, B Al Dossari ,   Department of Dentistry, King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Published: April 2024

Dental assistants have a key role in Special Care Dentistry, despite this, there is a lack of necessary education and training in this area. Patients with special needs face significant barriers to access oral health services due to lack of knowledge of dental professionals in caring for vulnerable groups, inexperienced or unhelpful staff, or lack of help with communication. Some recommended curricular revisions to better prepare dental assistants to play a vital role in inter professional care models and hopefully to increase job satisfaction and practice longevity. However, until needed curricular changes are made to bridge the current skill lag; policy makers at work place can adopt the proposed on-job training in this article.
Clinical Relevance of Dental Parameters and Symptoms in Patients Suffering from TMD and Tinnitus and a Randomised Trial Measuring Symptom Relief after Using a Relaxation Device
Authors:   Specialist in Orofacial Pain and Function and Periodontology, Brahekliniken Stockholm, Sweden, Tullberg Marie , Billing Mattias ,   Specialist in Orofacial Pain and Function and Periodontology, Brahekliniken Stockholm, Sweden, Laurell Göran ,   Professor at the Department of Surgical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden
Published: April 2024

Aim: Tinnitus is a common symptom in dental patients presenting with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). In this study, 66 patients were examined and underlying variations in dental appearance, jaw position, jaw joint health, radiographic findings, and symptoms were recorded. The patients were randomly placed into either an intervention or a control group to assess the effectiveness of a relaxation device aiming to reduce tinnitus. Method: 100 patients referred for TMD problems and suffering from tinnitus were asked to participate in the study. 66 patients completed two questionnaires before the first consultation with a specialist in orofacial pain and function and 46 of them completed the randomised trial. Results: TMD patients most likely to be suffering from tinnitus had experienced stress, felt tension in the jaw or presented with neck problems. Clinical dental examinations revealed that these patients displayed a deep bite, had a click or scrape sound from their jaw joints and/or had parafunctional habits (grinding or clenching their teeth). Patients in the relaxation device group reported significant improvement at p<0.01 compared with control group after 4 months treatment. Conclusion: This study presents general clinical signs and criteria that also non-dental medical professionals can use as a guide for referring tinnitus patients for specialist dental care. Patients under stress who are clenching or grinding their teeth, have missing teeth, midline shift and experience sounds from their jaw joints could benefit from examination by a dental specialist and the use of a relaxation device.
Earthquake Precursors Cause Far More Devastating Damage Cost than Earthquakes
Authors:   PNT NDT Consultant, Tiruchi, Tamil Nadu, India, S Prakash Pillai , A Prakash Pillai ,   PNT NDT Consultant, Tiruchi, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: April 2024

Earthquake precursors and earthquake prediction not shrouded in mystery or Holy Grail. Seasonal and unseasonal weather hazards are due to the part of the generation process of earthquakes. Earthquake precursors are generated by the earthquake itself, but this vital basic scientific concept unable to understand by worldwide researchers. Weather hazards are the earthquake precursors they are the combination of several weather phenomena like extreme heat, forest fire, cyclone, hurricane (Atlantic Cyclone), typhoons (Pacific Cyclone), tornadoes, storm surge, heavy rain for days, landslides, flood, cold waves, avalanches, melting of ice and breaking of ice continent but earthquakes are single phenomenon. Each weather hazards because damage cost in Billion USD and a single earthquake of M>7 also cause damage cost in Billion USD. However, the overall destruction and damage cost of weather hazards are in Trillion USD as earthquake precursors are much more damage cost than earthquakes.
The One and Only Successful Earthquake Prediction Method, a Great Historic Solution to Earthquake Prediction
Authors:   PNT NDT Consultant, Mutharasanallur, Tiruchi-620101, Tamilnadu, India, S Prakash Pillai
Published: April 2024

This paper is original research, no other authors previously published papers referred. The most important parameter in earthquake prediction is earthquake precursors that have been successfully identified. During generation process of earthquakes weather anomalies are generated as precursors, in this way the earthquake precursors are earthquakes related. Based on atrocious weather anomalies and the corresponding devastating earthquakes can be verified even after 100 years. For the first time in the history of earthquake prediction, the satellite image of storm of East Pacific have been used to successfully predict earthquakes in California, the most significant in this observation study. As weather anomalies are generated by earthquake process, both individual and cluster of earthquakes are always preceded by weather anomalies, so, can be verified even after 100 years. In this paper, the deadly and devastating earthquakes of M7.8 killed over 55,000 people and cause damage cost over 100 USD, though predicted in time but ignored and satellite image of storm to predict California earthquakes are tabulated. Experts can use this data catalogue to warn impending earthquakes to mitigate loss of lives and properties with more improvements.
Covid-19 Pandemic and Diabetes - Pandemic Effects on Blood Glucose Regulation
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Vakif Universty, Bezmialem, Istanbul, Tunç Muhammed , Tunc Aslihan Türkmen ,   Department of Family Medicine, Plevne Family Health Center, Gaziosmanpasa, Istanbul, Erdem Fayzanur ,   Department of Family Medicine, Health Sciences Universty, Okmeydani Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul
Published: April 2024

Background: COVID-19 (Novel Coronavirus Disease) pandemic has led to quarantines and restrictions sometimes partly and sometimes throughout the country in Turkey and as well as many other countries. Many people remained inactive since they could not go out, and follow-up of chronic diseases has become difficult because of the inability to access hospital due to the pandemic. Aim: In this study we aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic, which occasionally causes lockdown and partial quarantine implementations, on blood glucose regulation in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Study Design: Single-center, Retrospective, Observational study Methods: The laboratory findings of type 2 DM patients who had been followed-up by our clinic for at least 2 years before the pandemic and who also came for control after the 3-months nationwide lockdown in Turkey (June 2020). Data were obtained from the hospital information system and examined. The values before pandemic and after lockdown were compared. Results: The study included a total of 169 patients. Of the participants 49.7% were female and 50.3% were male. The mean age was 57.7 years in female patients and 54.8 years in male patients. Triglyceride level was significantly increased after the lockdown compared to before the pandemic in all patients (p<0.005). The levels of Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly lower after the lockdown in the patients aged over 65 years, while these values were increased in the other age group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic led to statistically insignificant disruption in glucose regulation especially in young type 2 DM patients, while glucose regulation improved in the elderly population under quarantine conditions. Our study was conducted in a short-term and limited population and therefore, further studies with larger populations are needed.
Periodontal Treatment Reduces Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Levels in African American HIV+ Individuals with Virological Suppression
Authors:   Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences & Research in Biochemistry Meharry Medical College, School of Dentistry, USA, C Sampath , EP Harris ,   Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences & Research in Biochemistry Meharry Medical College, School of Dentistry, USA, V Berthaud ,   Meharry Community Wellness Center, USA, MA Tabatabai ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Graduate Studies and Research, USA, DM Wilus ,   School of Graduate Studies and Research, USA, MA Crayton ,   Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences & Research in Biochemistry Meharry Medical College, School of Dentistry, USA, K Moss ,   Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, USA, J Webster-Cyriaque ,   University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, USA, JH Southerland ,   University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA, JR Koethe ,   Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA, PR Gangula ,   Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences & Research in Biochemistry Meharry Medical College, School of Dentistry, USA
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Periodontal Disease (PD), a chronic inflammatory disease, is highly prevalent among Persons Living With HIV (PLWH) and is characterized by microbial symbiosis and oxidative stress. Our hypothesis stipulates that periodontal therapy attenuates systemic inflammatory and bacterial burden while improving periodontal status in PLWH. Methods: Sixteen African Americans (AA) with suppressed HIV viremia on long-term Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) were recruited to this study. Participants were placed into two groups, based on their dental care status: group 1 (In- Care, IC) and group 2 (Out of Care, OC). Periodontal health was investigated at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Cytokine/chemokines, microbial phyla, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA, a marker for endothelial cell dysfunction) levels were assessed in the serum. Statistical comparisons between groups and at different visits were performed using multiple comparison tests. Results: Across longitudinal visits, periodontal treatment significantly reduced the levels of several cytokines and chemokines. At baseline, the out of care group had significantly higher blood levels of ADMA and actinobacteria than the IC group. Periodontal treatment significantly altered the abundance of circulating genomic bacterial DNA for various phyla in out of care group. Conclusions: Periodontal treatment interventions effectively attenuated circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and altered microbial translocation, both critical drivers of systemic inflammation in PLWH.
Thermal Properties of Selected Group of Dental Materials
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Kosec Borut , Vodlan Mateja ,   LEK d.d., Verovskova 57, 1526 Ljubljana, Slovena, Nagode Aleš ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Pavlič Alenka ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia,, Kopač Igor ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia,, Zorc Matija ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Taubmann Hennry ,   C3 Prozess und Analysentechnik Gmbh, Peter Henlein Str. 20, Munich, Germany, Budak Igor ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty Technical Sciences, Trg D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Puškar Tatjana ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Hajduk Veljkova 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Karpe Blaž ,   University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: April 2024

The thermal properties of dentine and tooth enamel affects the rate of response of the tooth nervous system to the temperature changes to which the tooth is exposed on a daily basis. Today almost all manufacturers of dental materials in their certificates of material quality describe material chemical composition, mechanical properties, process ability and aesthetic characteristics, while information about thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal capacity and temperature diffusivity) are not available. Within the interdisciplinary teamwork, thermal properties of five selected dental materials were measured and analyzed by modern Transient Plane Source (TPS) method in accordance with the standard ISO 22007-2. Thermal properties were measured at temperature interval between 0°C and 50°C.
Recent Development of Laser Assisted Dentistry and Clinical Applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Samara Unversity, Ethiopia, Alemu Anshebo Getachew
Published: April 2024

Recent advancements in laser applications in clinical and dental medicine have the potential to play a critical role in patient comfort sectors, where laser technology is currently altering human existence. Laser drugs are used in dentistry and clinical therapy to counteract the negative effects of traditional methods, allowing for bloodless surgery with minimal postoperative discomfort and scarring. One of the key goals of laser dentistry is to provide the most comfortable care possible while minimizing risk. The advantages of laser therapy exceed the disadvantages, allowing for straight forward, modern, and safe clinical and dental procedures. This brief study’s main subjects present the current state of the laser in a variety of therapeutic and dental applications
Improving Skin Cancer and Sun Protective Counseling: Exploring Level of Knowledge and Risk Among Rural Patients
Authors:   Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA, ME Maloney , TJ Miller ,   Southern Family Medicine, Claxton, GA, USA
Published: April 2024

Skin cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the United States, affecting approximately 20% of Americans, with rates increasing annually [1]. By 2040, malignant melanoma is projected to be the second leading cancer [2]. While the majority of skin cancers have low morbidity and mortality, malignant melanoma causes significant morbidity and mortality, accounting for 80% of skin cancer related deaths [3]. Because early-stage melanomas have improved outcomes, early detection and treatment is imperative. However, the 2023 United States Preventative Task Force (USPTF) called for more research in order to determine skin cancer screening recommendations and made a grade B recommendation for counseling 6-month to 24-year-olds regarding minimizing exposure to Ultraviolet (UV) radiation with fair skin to prevent skin cancer [4].
Modifications of the Charge-Discharge Behaviour of Fe2(MoO4)3 in All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Kimura Yuta , Kobayashi Shintaro , Kawaguchi Shogo , Ohara Koji , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Iriyama Yasutoshi , Nakamura Takashi , Amezawa Koji
Published: April 2024

The solidification of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by replacing liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes enables the development of new-class LIBs, namely all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs), with improved safety and energy density. Such battery solidification can greatly influence the properties of battery components, as exemplified by a recent report suggesting that the (dis)charge behaviour of Fe2(MoO4)3 (FMO), a promising two-phase electrode material, differs on solid electrolytes compared to liquid electrolytes. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we examined the (de)lithiation behaviour of FMO thin films on solid electrolytes using operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) to gain insights into the influence of the solidification on the (dis)charge mechanism of electrode materials. The XRD results revealed that FMO on solid electrolytes exhibits a monotonic peak shift over a wide capacity range, accompanied by a temporary peak broadening. This suggests that FMO possesses an expanded solid-solution reaction region and a narrower two-phase reaction region in solidified batteries compared to liquid-based LIBs. The altered (dis)charge behavior was suggested to be thermodynamically driven, as it remained largely unchanged with varying rates and under open circuit conditions. Qualitative analysis considering stress-induced variations in Gibbs free energy curves demonstrated that external stress, potentially caused by the constraint of chemo-mechanical expansion, can thermodynamically narrow the two-phase region when the chemical expansion coefficients of the two phases of FMO differ. These findings highlight the significant impact of the battery solidification on electrode material properties, emphasizing the importance of considering these unique issues in the design of ASSLIBs.
Top-down Fabrication of PEG-NHC Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles Bearing Azides Functional Groups
Authors: Eisen Constantin , Keppler Bernhard K. , Chin Jia Min , Su Xiaodi , Reithofer Michael R.
Published: April 2024

Swift and accurate biochemical marker detection is crucial for medical diagnosis. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are promising for such diagnostic sensing due to their biocompatibility and unique physical properties. However, AuNPs bearing selective targeting vectors often lack prolonged stability in complex analytes. To enhance stability, (N)-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been explored due to their strong binding to AuNP surfaces. This study presents an optimization path towards the general top-down synthesis of highly stable, azide-terminal PEGylated NHC (PEG-NHC) functionalized AuNPs using well-defined oleylamine-protected AuNPs and masked PEGylated NHC precursors. Furthermore, the activation and attachment mechanism of masked NHCs was elucidated by the identification of intermediate AuNPs obtained by insufficient ligand exchange. PEG-NHC@AuNPs retain colloidal stability in a range of biologically relevant media, showing no significant aggregation or ripening over a prolonged period and show greater stability when compared to the same particles synthesized via a bottom-up approach. Azide-functionalized PEG-NHC@AuNPs were further conjugated using a copper-catalyzed click- and a biorthogonal strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The retained colloidal stability and the successful conjugation demonstrates the potential of azide-functionalized PEG-NHC@AuNP particles as a versatile platform for biomedical applications.
Boosting hydrogen production at room temperature by synergizing theory and experimentation
Authors: Thakkar Kavita , Bajpai Abhinav , Kumar Sushant , Joshi Kavita
Published: April 2024

Methane is a major constituent of natural gas and is widely used in hydrogen production. However, its high symmetry poses a challenge, as breaking the strong C-H bond requires substantial energy input. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop efficient catalysts for methane conversion. By synergizing theory and experimentation, the search for a better catalyst can be accelerated, potentially boosting methane con- version processes. In the present work, theoretical findings prompted the experiments, which revealed the spontaneous dissociation of CH4 on selected facets of β-Ga2O3. Additionally, the activation barrier for ethane formation was merely 0.1 eV. NTP-assisted conversion of methane in the presence of β-Ga2O3 confirmed these findings. The formation rate of hydrogen and ethane rises to 366 µmolg−1h−1 and 86.62 µmolg−1h−1, respectively, in the presence of β-Ga2O3 , in contrast to 281.4 µmolg−1h−1 and 66 µmolg−1h−1 without catalysts. For the CH4-H2O reaction in the presence of β-Ga2O3 , there is an increase of 74.42% in the CO formation rate compared to the reaction without the catalyst. An electronic structure analysis revealed that electrophilic oxygen species on the β-Ga2O3 (-202) surface play a vital role in the decomposition of methane, facilitating C-H bond cleavage.
Europium-rich ternary phases with noble metals Eu2M2X (M = Pd, Pt; X = Al, Ga, Ge, Cd), and their structural relationship to the Laves phase Ca2Pt3Al1–xAgx
Authors: Ponou Simeon , Mudring Anja-Verena
Published: April 2024

The combination of divalent Eu with high magnetic moment and strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on Pd or Pt atoms in a single substance, makes Eu-Pd/Pt-X ternary phases attractive for materials with exotic physical properties. For that reason, compositions according to Eu2M2X (M = Pd, Pt; X = Al, Ga, Ge, Cd) were explored. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the three Pd analogues Eu2Pd2X with X = Al, Ga, and Ge, crystallize isostructural to Ca2Pd2Ge, a ternary ordered variant of the Zr2Al3-type (orthorhombic Fdd2). In contrast, Eu2Pt2Al adopts the Ca2Ir2Si type rival structure (monoclinic C2/c). The two structure types are closely related as they both feature linear chains of the noble metals, with the X atoms bridging a the metal chains from adjacent layers. However, a striking difference is noticeable within the metal chains: The Pd linear chains consist of equidistant PdPd atoms (2.96 Å), whereas in the Pt chains are pairwise distorted with alternating shorter (Pt–Pt = 2.80 Å) and longer (2.98 Å) contacts. The pairwise distortion is, at first glance, is attributed to stronger relativistic influence on Pt atom. In addition, both Ca2Pd2Ge- and Ca2Ir2Si-type structures are also discussed as defect Laves phases in connection with the newly discovered phase Ca2Pt3Al1–xAgx (x = 0.13(1)) which adopts the TbFe2 type structure (space group R-3m). DFT first principles electronic band structure calculations, conducted on the Ag-free ordered model “Ca2Pt3Al”, suggested that Ag-inclusion is mainly due to geometric factors, while the chemical bonding picture is consistent with a polar intermetallic system. Finally, Eu2Pt2Cd, adopts the W2CoB2 type, suggesting that the valence electron count (vec) has strong influence in the structure selection.
Synthesis of Membrane Permeable Macrocyclic Peptides Via Imidazopyridinium Grafting
Authors: Li Bo , Parker Joshua , Tong Joel , Kodadek Thomas
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Macrocyclic peptides (MPs) are a class of compounds that have been shown to be particu-larly well suited for engaging difficult protein targets. However, their utility is limited by their generally poor cell permeability and bioavailability. Here we report an efficient solid-phase synthesis of novel MPs by trapping a reversible intramolecular imine linkage with a 2-formyl- or 2-keto-pyridine to create an im-idazopyridinium (IP+)-linked ring. This chemistry is useful for the creation of macrocycles of different sizes and geometries, including head-to-side and side-to-side chain configurations. Many of the IP+-linked MPs exhibit far better passive membrane permeability than expected for “beyond Rule of 5” mol-ecules, in some cases exceeding that of much lower molecular weight, traditional drug molecules. We demonstrate that this chemistry is suitable for the creation of libraries of IP+-linked MPs and show that these libraries can be mined for protein ligands.
Diseño de una metodología de minería de procesos para el desarrollo de proyectos de tipo empresarial y científico-académicos
Authors: Morales Ramírez Alejandra , García Lozano Rodolfo , Amador Reyes Juan de Jesús , Hidalgo Cortés Cuauhtémoc
Published: April 2024

La minería de procesos es una especialidad que permite a las organizaciones descubrir, analizar y mejorar sus procesos reales de negocio mediante la extracción de conocimiento de los registros de eventos que se encuentran en los sistemas de información actuales. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer una metodología de minería de procesos para el desarrollo de proyectos de tipo empresarial y científico-académico que consta de nueve fases: planeación y alcance, preprocesamiento de datos, procesamiento de datos, análisis de control de flujo, análisis de rendimiento, análisis de roles, presentación de resultados, publicación de resultados, y transferencia y seguimiento. La metodología propuesta es el resultado de la experiencia adquirida a través de la revisión de la literatura, del análisis de las metodologías publicadas y de los conocimientos y experiencias de los investigadores. Es conveniente resaltar que, en investigaciones futuras, se aplicará la metodología propuesta de minería de procesos a diversos casos de estudio, tanto del área empresarial como del ámbito científico-académico. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo de investigación está enfocado en analizar la eficiencia de la metodología, la facilidad y pertinencia de su aplicación, así como la congruencia entre las fases que la integran.
Outcomes of extracorporeal partial nephrectomy in patients with malignant tumors: a retrospective and prospective study
Authors: Matveev Vsevolod B. , Volkova Maria I. , Sinitsyna Ogulshat R. , Kuznetsov Konstantin P. , Perlin Dmitrii V.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To establish the criteria of selection for extracorporeal partial nephrectomy (EPN) among patients with malignant tumors involving renal parenchyma.
Materials and methods. The study included data of 34 patients undergone 36 EPNs (2 [5.8%] bilateral) for absolute indications in 32 (94.2%) and relative indications – in 2 (5.8%) cases. The median age of the patients was 49 (31–61) years, and 24 (70.6%) were males. 33 (97.1%) patients were diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma, 1 (2.9%) – with primary retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma involving a solitary kidney. No regional metastases were detected in any patients; 2 patients were diagnosed with solitary metastases in the adrenal gland. In all patients EPN was performed (2 [5.8%] – with adrenalectomy); the surgery was completed in 35 (97.2%) patients. No additional anti-tumor treatment was administered in any patient. The median follow-up was 65.6 months.
Results. The median surgery time was 674 (360–870) min, and the median blood loss was 2100 (500–7000) mL. The rate of postoperative complications of EPN was 82.9% (30/35), including 48.6% (17/35) of grade 1–4 and 8.6% (3/35) of grade 5 complications. Severe acute kidney injury was reported in 68.0% (25/33) of patients with completed EPN. Renal replacement therapy was required in 45.5% (15/33) of cases. The rate of postoperative autograft loss was 17.1% (7/35). One patient received intermittent hemodialysis (7 years after EPN). 5-year overall survival of 33 patients with completed EPN was 64.4%; the 5-year specific and disease-free survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma was 85.5% and 54.3%, respectively, and 5-year hemodialysis-free survival in patients discharged with autograft was 76.2%.
Conclusion. EPN is indicated only for carefully selected patients with absolute indications for organ-preserving treatment, with massive multifocal centrally located malignant tumors in the renal parenchyma, the radical removal of which in situ is technically impossible.
Communicative Ecology Model of Successful Aging: Theoretical Perspective and Empirical Testing in the Chinese Context
Authors: 匡 恺 , 刘 勇亮 , 王 雅靖
Published: April 2024

为丰富老龄化传播研究的理论视野,本研究引入“成功老龄化的传播生态模型”,并验证该模型在中国语境下的适用性。通过对304名45岁及以上的中老年人进行问卷调查,本研究发现同辈支持、老年人自我归类、乐观衰老态度表达、成功老龄化以及老龄化效能均得到支持。基于相关性分析和结构方程模型检验,本文确认了变量之间的路径关系和模型的适用性。本研究为中国老龄化传播研究提供了理论借鉴,也为成功老龄化提出了传播学视角的实践路径。
Research Frontiers and Trends of Social Media Use among the Elderly in Foreign Countries
Authors: 张 媛 , 张 盛颖
Published: April 2024

在各国推进积极老龄化的背景下,老年群体的社交媒体使用日益成为学界关注的热点议题。本文对Web of Science数据库收录的549篇关于老年群体社交媒体使用的文献进行知识图谱的可视化分析,研究发现:国外关于老年群体社交媒体使用的研究对象由单一群体研究转向多类别、跨地域群体研究;研究视角由单一学科研究步入多学科交互研究;研究内容由表象研究向数字接入、身心感知、社会支持等深度研究推进;研究方法由横向研究过渡到探索性、实验性的纵向研究。
Closed-form 2D modeling of sub-100 nm MOSFETs in the subthreshold regime
Authors: Østhaug Jarle , Fjeldly Tor A. , Iniguez Benjamin
Published: April 2024

Closed-form 2D modeling of deep-submicron and sub-100 nm MOSFETs is explored using a conformal mapping technique where the 2D Poisson equation in the depletion regions is separated into a 1D long-channel case and a 2D Laplace equation. The 1D solution defines the boundary potential values for the Laplacian, which in turn provides a 2D correction of the channel potential. The model has been tested for classical MOSFETs with gate lengths in the range 200-250 nm, and for a super-steep retrograde MOSFET with a gate length of 70 nm. With a minimal parameter set, the present modeling reproduces both qualitatively and quantitatively the experimental data obtained for such devices.
Ultrathin oxynitride films for CMOS technology
Authors: Beck Romuald B.
Published: April 2024

In this work, a review of possible methods of oxynitride film formation will be given. These are different combinations of methods applying high-temperature oxidation and nitridation, as well as ion implantation and deposition techniques. The layers obtained using these methods differ, among other aspects in: nitrogen content, its profile across the ultrathin layer, ... etc., which have considerable impact on device properties, such as leakage current, channel mobility, device stability and its reliability. Unlike high-temperature processes, which (understood as a single process step) usually do not allow the control of the nitrogen content at the silicon-oxynitride layer interface, different types of deposition techniques allow certain freedom in this respect. However, deposition techniques have been believed for many years not to be suitable for such a responsible task as the formation of gate dielectrics in MOS devices. Nowadays, this belief seems unjustified. On the contrary, these methods often allow the formation of the layers not only with a uniquely high content of nitrogen but also a very unusual nitrogen profile, both at exceptionally low temperatures. This advantage is invaluable in the times of tight restrictions imposed on the thermal budget (especially for high performance devices). Certain specific features of these methods also allow unique solutions in certain technologies (leading to simplifications of the manufacturing process and/or higher performance and reliability), such as dual gate technology for system-on-chip (SOC) manufacturing.
ASimJava: a Java-based library for distributed simulation
Authors: Niewiadomska-Szynkiewicz Ewa , Sikora Andrzej
Published: April 2024

The paper describes the design, performance and applications of ASimJava, a Java-based library for distributed simulation of large networks. The important issues associated with the implementation of parallel and distributed simulation are discussed. The focus is on the effectiveness of different synchronization protocols implemented in ASimJava. The practical example - computer network simulation - is provided to illustrate the operation of the presented software tool.