bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen diffusion along the layer boundaries after nitriding of multilayer materials
Authors: Polikevich K. B. , Petelin A. L. , Plokhikh A. I. , Fomina L. P.
Published: June 2024

Diffusion processes play a key role in formation of the structures of new materials and technological processes of strengthening heat treatments, since diffusion is the reason for redistribution of substances in solids. An urgent task is to develop technologically advanced and effective methods for strengthening materials in order to improve their performance properties. There is an increasing need to improve chemical heat treatment methods, which directly affects the wear resistance of working surfaces, and, consequently, the product service life. Near-surface volumes experience increased loads, so the formation of high-strength layers becomes an important task. Quite a few methods of surface hardening are known, among which carburization, nitriding, nitrocarburization and others are widely used. The most interesting is nitriding, since it increases hardness, strength, fatigue limit, and heat resistance. However, despite the proper advantages, nitriding has a number of disadvantages, including the holding duration and small thickness of diffusion layers. The solution is related to intensification of the technological process by increasing the nitriding temperature, activating the nitriding media or directly the parts surface. All these solutions are aimed at accelerating diffusion processes, both in grain volume and along grain boundaries, the velocity along which is many times higher than the velocity of volumetric diffusion. It may be effective to use a new type of structural metal materials with a multilayer structure of hundreds of layers, with thicknesses in the micron and submicron ranges separated by large angular boundaries. The results of metallographic studies showed the effect of the steel layers interchange in the multilayer metal material on diffusion depth after chemical heat treatment. The authors proposed an accelerate diffusion model of diffusible element along the layer boundaries.
Kinetics of deformation fronts during serrated Lüders deformation in α-iron at high temperature
Authors: Orlova D. V. , Danilov V. I. , Gorbatenko V. V. , Danilova L. V. , Bochkareva A. V.
Published: June 2024

At room temperature, the deformation of most bcc metals, which contain a small amount of interstitial elements, is accompanied by the formation of a Lüders band and its monotonic propagation over the tensile yield area. Within the framework of the autowave concept, front of the Lüders band is a switching autowave, which realizes the transition from a metastable elastically deformable state to a stable plastically deformable state. However, in the temperature range of blue brittleness of mild steels of 423 – 510 K, when the interaction of atoms of the dissolved substance with mobile dislocations takes place, propagation of the Lüders band is accompanied by a discrete flow. The patterns of propagation of the Chernov-Lüders fronts in ARMCO iron in the temperature range from 296 to 503 K and strain rates from 6.67·10–6 to 3.7·10–2 s–1 are considered in this paper. It was established that under these conditions both monotonic and discrete kinetics of front movement can be realized. Regardless of the movement nature, the Lüders deformation and width of the front remain unchanged throughout the entire process. The local strain rate at the front depends on magnitude of the effective stress, and with monotonic kinetics it increases with stress according to an exponential law, and with discrete kinetics it increases according to a linear law. This difference is due to different autowave modes that are formed in this case. The autowave of localized plasticity switching corresponds to monotonic kinetics, and the autowave of excitation – to discrete kinetics.
Thermodynamic modeling of interphase distribution of chromium and boron in slags of AOD reduction period
Authors: Babenko A. A. , Zhuchkov V. I. , Kel’ N. I. , Upolovnikova A. G. , Shartdinov R. R.
Published: June 2024

The paper presents the results of a thermodynamic modeling of the chromium and boron reduction from slags of reduction period of argon-oxygen decarburization (AOD) by a complex reducing agent containing silicon and aluminum. Using the simplex lattice method, an experiment planning matrix is constructed containing 16 compositions of the oxide system СаО – SiO2 – (3 – 6 %) В2О3 – 12 % Cr2O3 – 3 % Al2O3 – 8 % MgO of variable basicity 1.0 – 2.5. The results of thermodynamic modeling are graphically presented in form of dependence of equilibrium distribution of chromium and boron on the slag composition at temperatures of 1600 and 1700 °C. The constructed diagrams make it possible to quantify the influence of the temperature, basicity and B2O3 in the slag on equilibrium interphase distribution of chromium and boron. It is established that increasing the slag basicity from 1.0 to 2.5 improves the process of chromium reduction, but restores the boron stability. With an increase in B2O3 content in the slag, a slight deterioration of chromium reduction process occurs, while the boron content in the metal increases. With a simultaneous increase in basicity up to 2.5 and a decrease in boron oxide in the slag from 5 to 3 %, the interphase distribution coefficient of chromium is reduced to 1.5·10–3. Changing the process temperature from 1600 to 1700 °C does not have a negative effect on the process of chromium reduction, but worsens the boron reduction conditions. Based on analysis of the formed slag phases and thermodynamics of the reactions of their formation, it is established that chromium is mainly reduced by aliminum with only partial development of silicothermy. The residual silicon content reduces boron, thereby limiting its concentration in the metal. The results of high-temperature experiments showed high correspondence with the results of thermodynamic studies.
Mathematical modeling of slab heating in a furnace with walking beams due to their curvature
Authors: Vargin A. V. , Levitskii I. A.
Published: June 2024

Slab heating before hot rolling process is necessary for obtaining required metal ductility. The most effective for this purpose are furnaces with walking beams that provide heat supply to all sides of the slab. However, the places of slabs lower surfaces, contacting with water-cooled beams, are shielded from the radiation of the furnace lower heating zones and take the heat from the beams. Previously, the authors developed and programmatically implemented a mathematical model of slab heating in a furnace with walking beams, based on the numerical solution by finite difference method of the three-dimensional heat conduction problem with piecewise defined boundary conditions on the slab bottom surface. In this model, for the open zones of the slab bottom surface, boundary conditions were similar to those on the top surface, and for the zones of contact with the beams were set effective boundary conditions assuming duration of this contact. In this paper, the model was modified to take into account the curvature of the beams and to recalculate the configuration of zones with different boundary conditions on the slab bottom surface for each position of the slab along the furnace. By variant calculations at different values of heat transfer intensity from the slab bottom surfaces to the beams it was determined that curvature of a single beam can significantly change the characteristic of the corresponding “cold” spot, but it practically does not affect the general characteristic of the slab heating non-uniformity. If all fixed beams are subjected to curvature, the final drop across the slab is significantly reduced due to an increase in its minimum temperature. It was found that the influence of beam curvature on the temperature field at the end of heating process is higher the more intensive the heat transfer to the beams is.
Egy reformkori író-celeb: Nagy Ignác
Authors: Mátay Mónika
Published: June 2024

A tanulmány egy reformkori celebritás, Nagy Ignác írói működését mutatja be az éppen alakuló magyarországi nyilvánosságban a 19. század közepén. Nagy tudatosan tért át a németről a magyar nyelv használatára, a korban divatos műfajokban, a színházban, újságírásban, lapszerkesztésben és a szépirodalomban egyaránt tevékenykedett. Megmutatta a valódi fővárossá váló Pest-Buda mindennapjait egy, a korban közkedvelt műfajban, az életképben. Megírta az 1840-es évek egyik bestseller regényét, amit folytatásokban közölt – ez újításnak számított. Valóságos celebbé vált a korabeli nyilvánosságban, tudta, hogy a hírnév egyik feltétele a folyamatos és intenzív jelenlét.
A Figyelmező és a magyar konzervatívok viszonya a szabadságharc leverése után
Authors: Krizsán Bálint
Published: June 2024

Az 1848 júliusától 1850 januárjáig megjelenő Figyelmező című lap életciklusa összesen négy szakaszra osztható. Az 1848-1849-es forradalom és szabadságharc leverése után az egyedüli legitim politikai erőként működő, a forradalommal mindvégig szembe helyezkedő, ám egységesnek korántsem nevezhető magyarországi konzervatív tábort szoros kötelék fűzte az újsághoz, mely lassan a konzervatív mozgalom szócsövévé vált. Az 1849. március 4-i birodalmi alkotmány kiadása után a Bécsben csalódó konzervatívok a császári fővárosban működő birodalmi elittel szembe fordulva sem hagytak fel elveikkel, azaz, hogy az ő elképzelésük szerint menjen végbe a politikai konszolidáció Magyarországon. A tanulmány célja bemutatni, pontosan miként érhető tetten a magyar konzervatívok és a lap elvrokonsága, illetve a Figyelmező hogyan próbálta támogatni a birodalmi értelemben ellenzékivé váló politikai csoportosulás tevékenységét, és az milyen következményekkel járt saját sorsára nézve.
Apponyi György mint lapalapító
Authors: Czinege Szilvia
Published: June 2024

Apponyi György a 19. század második felében a számára fontos politikai célkitűzések megvitatására lapo(ka)t alapított. A dualizmust előkészítendő indította útjára Bécsben Die Debatte című német nyelvű napilapját, ahol Ludassy Mórral együtt dolgozva teremtettek szócsövet nézeteiknek. Az 1865. évi országgyűlés megnyitását követően pedig Pesten megvásárolta a Magyar Világ című lapot, amelyben szintén a létrehozandó kiegyezéssel kapcsolatos nézeteket fejtettek ki. Míg előbbi lapban maga Apponyi Von der Theiß néven publikált, utóbbiban nem jelentkezett publicistaként. 1872-ben pedig konzervatív katolikus pártot akart alapítani, a megfelelő szellemi közeg és társadalmi bázis kialakításához indította útjára Der Katholik (1874-től Das Recht) című hetilapját, amelyben saját néven maga is publikált az őt leginkább érdeklő kérdések kapcsán. Apponyi lapalapítóként sikereket könyvelhetett el a Die Debatte és a Magyar Világ című lapokkal, mind a példányszám, mind pedig a kitűzött célok megvalósítása ezt mutatják. Viszont a Der Katholik kapcsán ez kevésbé mondható el, az olvasóközönség ekkor még kevésbé volt fogékony az egyházpolitikai témák iránt.
Mátyás dicsősége a főváros fénye
Authors: Fabó Edit
Published: June 2024

A korszak emlékezetpolitikájában meghatározó volt a magyar reneszánsz kultúra megidézésének igénye, ami leglátványosabban a budai várbeli környezet kiépítésében, illetve a főváros historizáló épületeinek és városképének kialakításában érvényesült. 1874-ben indult meg a Mátyás-templom rekonstrukciója, majd az 1880-as évek közepén nekifogtak a budai Királyi Palota bővítéséhez, amelynél elvárásként fogalmazódott meg, szebb legyen annál, mint amilyen Mátyás királyé volt. A nagy király tehát mértékadóvá vált erre az időszakra. Mivel a Vasárnapi Ujság hűen tükrözte a köztudatot, ezért a hetilapban fel lehet tárni a Mátyás királyt övező emlékezet élénkségét. A művészi megjelenítések bátrabban és előszeretettel törekedtek Mátyás király személyének ábrázolására, míg a tudományos kutatások és az azokat ismertető írások inkább a hozzá fűződő eseményekre, körülményekre és személyekre koncentráltak. A rövid recepciótörténeti áttekintés mindenképp arra utal, hogy Mátyás király a mércét képviselte Magyarországon, hiszen az egykor volt fénykor a király személyes adottságainak és képességeinek köszönhető, aki egyúttal az uralkodó mintaképévé vált az utókor számára. A hetilap rovataiból nem lehet kiemelni egyet sem a tekintetben, hogy melyik biztosított nagyobb teret Mátyás emlékének, mert a korabeli közélet legkülönbözőbb területein rendkívül sokszor tettek említést róla akár közvetlenül, akár áttételesen. A hivatkozások gyakorisága arról árulkodik, hogy eleven Mátyás-emlékezet jellemezte a dualizmus idejét.
Assessing the Effect of Traditional Games on Manipulative Movements in Elementary School Students Based on Gender
Authors: Santoso Nugroho Puji , Subagyo  , Santoso Nurhadi , Prabowo Trisnar Adi , Yulianto Wahyu Dwi
Published: June 2024

Background. Manipulative movements are essential for children’s development, which can be found in traditional games, representing manifestation of local wisdom that has been passed down from generation to generation.
Objectives. This study aimed to examine the effect of traditional games on the manipulative movements of elementary school students based on gender.
Materials and methods. This experimental study comprised two pretest-posttest groups without control variables. Data collection on pretest and posttest was carried out using three types of tests, namely throwing, catching, and kicking. A total of 60 students aged between 9 and 12 years were selected to participate in this study. The sample consisted of 30 male students (height 140.21±6.2 cm, and weight 35.77±5.6 kg), and 30 female students (height 138.4±6.8 cm and weight 34±4.1 kg).
Results. The t-test analysis showed that the test results for male students were as follows: throwing 0.011<0.05, catching 0.007<0.05, and kicking 0.003<0.05. Then, the test results for the female students were: throwing 0.013<0.05, catching 0.017<0.05, and kicking 0.012<0.05. The results of the independent t-test indicated that the throwing, catching, and kicking tests revealed a statistical significance (p < 0.05) in both male and female students.
Conclusions. The implementation of traditional games has been found to enhance the manipulative movements of elementary school students, as evidenced by positive changes observed in the pretest and posttest results. The improvement was achieved, among others, through the adaptation of traditional games following the characteristics of students’ development. Therefore, the conceptualization of physical learning within the framework of traditional games proved to be applicable and practical.
Readiness for Learner Autonomy in Online Environments: The Case of Thai University Students
Authors: Channuan Paweena , Sriwantaneeyakul Suttawan , Pratumtong Rungkarn
Published: June 2024

In Thailand, learner autonomy has been introduced to enable students to manage their learning and engage with the abundant resources available, particularly for English language learning. This study examines the extent of learner autonomy and online language learning behaviors outside the classroom among Thai university students, as well as the factors influencing their autonomy. Quantitative data was collected through a questionnaire from 378 freshmen representing eight faculties: Allied Health Sciences, Medical Science, Public Health, Sciences, Agriculture, Law, Business, and Humanities. The findings revealed a relatively high level of learner autonomy among Thai university students. They were able to establish learning goals, select learning strategies and resources, and be aware of their weaknesses. However, the overall level of online language learning outside the classroom was moderate. Listening to English music was the most popular activity reported. Additionally, gender and English proficiency were identified as significant factors influencing the level of learner autonomy. These findings underscore the effectiveness of introducing learner autonomy but also highlight the need for teacher support in scaffolding online language learning outside the classroom.
An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis of Syllable Structure in Najdi Arabic
Authors: Ruthan Mohammed Q.
Published: June 2024

This paper provides a constraint-based analysis of the syllable structure of onset consonant sequences in Najdi Arabic, spoken in central Saudi Arabia. Unlike Classical or Standard Arabic, Najdi is believed to allow consonant clusters in the onset. The study tested two assumptions. The first is that Najdi onset clusters result from a vowel deletion process, leading to different kinds of clusters with distinct sonority hierarchies and that these form complex onsets. The second is that Najdi inputs are different from Classical or Standard Arabic, in which there is no vowel in the underlying representation and hence no deletion occurs, resulting in simplex onsets. The paper adopted optimality theory to analyze the data, considering a phenomenon that occurs in the speech of Najdi speakers. Following this framework, constraints were utilized to demonstrate the syllable structure of the onset clusters in Najdi according to the above assumptions. The results revealed consonant sequences rather than consonant clusters, meaning the consonants were not parsed in the same syllable, agreeing with previous acoustic research.
Euphemism in Saudi Slang: An Attitudinal Survey Study
Authors: Alqahtani Hijab M.
Published: June 2024

This study explores some euphemistic expressions in common usage in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It evaluates the degree to which Saudis are familiar with these expressions and how frequently they use them. The KSA covers a large area with a variety of dialects: thus, any socio-linguistic research which deals with slang should be meticulous. One enabling factor for this study is that Saudis are comparatively religious and avoidant of linguistic taboos, and consequently employ euphemisms often. Several research papers have tackled taboos in the KSA, but most of these have been contrastive to or comparative with British English or American English, while others have explored standard euphemistic expressions in classical Arabic. This study is unique in dealing with selective euphemisms used in Saudi slang through a survey devised to measure peoples' degree of knowledge as well as their usage of such expressions. After analyzing the results of the questionnaires, it is possible to derive several attitudinal results, the most important of which include the findings that present-day Saudis are generally well-acquainted with euphemism in their language and that they are inclined to employ it in everyday situations wherever appropriate. The population selected for this study is resident within the Al Riyadh region, or what can be called “Najid”. As the heart of the KSA, this region has Saudis from various regions and with a range of linguistic differences. However, it is recommended that similar studies be taken up in different parts of the KSA so as to pinpoint regional variations.
ESTABLISHMENT OF PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY AND CORRELATIONS OF SEED YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS IN ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) CLONAL PROGENIES
Authors: Marinova Diana , Stoyanova Svetlana
Published: June 2024

The aim of present study was to evaluate phenotypic variability of seed yield and yield-related traits and to establish the relationships among them at eleven alfalfa clonal progenies. The study was conducted in experimental field at Institute of Agriculture and Seed Science Obraztsov chiflik - Ruse under conditions of open pollination (polycross), from 2014 to 2016. The traits plant seed yield, plant height, generative stem number, inflorescence number, pod number, seed number and 1000-seed weight were evaluated. The factors year, genotype and year x genotype interaction had a significant influence on all morphological and generative traits. There was wide range of variability for all analized traits between progenies and over study period. PM30 progeny showed superior scores regarding all traits studied and four progenies distinguished with high phenotypic expression of seed yield, pod number, seed number and 1000-seed weight. These progenies are valuable germplasm source to be used in further breeding to develop a new synthetic alfalfa variety with stable seed yield. It was found seed yield strongly and positively correlated with plant height, seed number per pod and pod number per inflorescence, wtich suggest that selection for improving alfalfa seed yield may be performed directly through selection on these three traits.
THE NUTRITIONAL AND CHEMICAL CONTENT OF Atriplex nitens SEEDS GROWN UNDER WATER AND NUTRIENT STRESS
Authors: Temel Süleyman , Keskin Bilal , Akbay Tohumcu Seda
Published: June 2024

Atriplex nitens Schkuhr plant, which can grow under rainfall conditions without any fertilizer application and can produce high amounts of seeds, have been seen as an alternative feed resource in animal nutrition. However, no previous studies have been found revealing the feed quality content of the seeds with and without bracteole. For this purpose, a 3-replication study was established according to factorial experimental design in randomized blocks in Igdir (Turkey) arid conditions for two years (2021-2022). In the study, crude protein (CP), dry matter (DM), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude ash (RA), dry matter digastiblity (DMD), metabolize enery (ME), dry matter intake (DMI) ve relative feed values (RFV) of seeds with and without bracteole were determined and compared. Additionally, the effect of different row spacings (22.5, 45.0 and 67.5 cm) on the quality of the seeds with and without bracteole was also tested. As a result of the study, all feed quality characteristics examined were found to be important in terms of seed types and it was determined that the desired feed quality values (the highest DMD, DMI, CP, ME, RFV and the lowest ADF, DM, NDF, RA and ADL) were more suitable in seed without bracteole. Only CP, NDF and ADL were found to be important in terms of inter-row spacing, and these values increased with increasing inter-row spacing. These results showed that seeds with and without bracteole can be used as a good alternative roughage and concentrated feed source, respectively.
Evacuation of a Paediatric Hospital Ward in Italy: Lessons Learnt From an Announced Evacuation Drill
Authors: De Cet Giulia , Mancin Fabio , Vianello Chiara , Mocellin Paolo , Murer Giancarlo , Benedetti Susanna , Mattè Marianna , Ronchi Enrico
Published: June 2024

The process of evacuating a hospital ward is a complex task that involves several challenges related to emergency protocols, such as the need for assisted evacuation, the staff/patient ratio, and the functional limitations of patients. The purpose of this work is to present a possible sequence of events that can take place during an evacuation drill in a paediatric hospital ward. This is deemed to provide guidance in performing such type of drills and investigate assisted evacuation timelines. The drill was conducted inside a paediatric ward in Italy, at that time closed for maintenance, with the help of figurants emulating paediatric patients. The medical personnel were the ones normally working inside the facility. The activity was video recorded and summarised in a written report. This allowed the analysis of the drill and the reconstruction of typical set of events and timelines that take place in such type of evacuation drill scenarios.
Screening the antimicrobial, cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of skin-parotoid gland secretions of 13 taxa from six species and one hybrid population of Anatolian endemic Lycian salamanders (Genus: Lyciasalamandra)
Authors: Kariş Mert , Yalçin H. Tansel , Göçmen Bayram , Nalbantsoy Ayşe
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose: The diverse bioactive content in the skin and parotoid glands of amphibians makes them unique and highly potential sources for pharmacological developments. The main aim of the study is to determine the total protein amounts, in vitro cytotoxicities, antimicrobial activities and hemolytic effects of skin-parotoid secretions of these endemic Lycian salamanders (Genus: Lyciasalamandra).
Materials and methods: Lycian salamander specimens of 13 taxa from six species and one hybrid population are collected from southwestern Anatolia. Skin-parotoid secretions were obtained, clarified, supernatants snapfrozen then lyophilized. Total protein amounts were determined by BCA assay kit. The cytotoxicity was determined on eight different cell lines (one healthy and seven cancerous) using MTT assay. The antimicrobial activity was assesed using 11 different microorganisms (nine bacteria and two yeast) from six genus by MIC method. Hemolytic effects were measured on rabbit red blood cells.
Results: Lycian salamanders’ skin-parotoid gland secretions showed variable cytotoxic effects on all cell lines with IC50 values from 5.41 ± 0.17 μg/ml to ineffective. MIC results of antimicrobial activity tests were also variable and from 3.9 μg/mL to non-effective. Studied skin-parotoid secretions have no hemolytic activities on rabbit red blood cells at concentrations of 0.5, 5 and 50 μg/mL.
Conclusions: Skin-parotoid gland secretions of Anatolian endemic Lycian salamanders have sufficient and remarkable therapeutic potential to be candidate sources of natural and biologically active substances for novel drug discoveries.
Metabolic reasons of diabetes mellitus: An update
Authors: Saxena Rahul , Saxena Suyash , Singh Ajit Pal , Maurya Neelesh Kumar
Published: June 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) goes beyond just a lack of insulin. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is heavily influenced by insulin resistance. Cells become less responsive to insulin’s signal to absorb glucose, leading to high blood sugar levels. Excess body fat, particularly around the abdomen, and a sedentary lifestyle are ley culprits for this resistance. The pancreas struggles to keep up with the demand for insulin in T2DM. Initially, it compensates by producing more, but over time, this ability declines due to factors like genetics and high blood sugar levels. Glucagon, normally working opposite insulin becomes imbalanced in T2DM. Its levels rise, further promoting glucose production and worsening hyperglycemia. The contributing factors include fasting, high protein diet, and pancreatic issues. The liver’s ability to regulate glucose production is impaired in T2DM. This dysregulation leads to the excessive release of glucose into the bloodstream, contributing to chronic hyperglycemia. Certain genetic disorders affecting carbohydrate metabolism can increase the risk of diabetes. These disorders can lead to changes that mimic pre-diabetes, further contributing to insulin resistance. In T2DM, increased lipolysis releases excessive free fatty acids (FFAs) into the blood stream. These FFAs worsen insulin resistance and damage insulin-producing cells, further exacerbating hyperglycemia. Obesity, with its high fat stores and increased lipolysis, is a major risk factor. The kidneys play a crucial role in reabsorbing filtered glucose from the urine. In T2DM, this reabsorption might be heightened contributing to hyperglycemia. Additionally, chronic kidney disease can impair glucose metabolism, potentially impacting diabetes management. While insulin deficiency plays a role, diabetes is a complex interplay of factors. Unravelling the intricate dance between insulin, glucagon, the liver and cellular responses is crucial for effective management and prevention of diabetes-related complications. This review delves into the intricate metabolic reasons behind this condition, focusing in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Hypovitaminosis D among type 2 diabetes patients and non-diabetics at Libreville
Authors: Ndong Rosalie Nikiema , Mbang Bengone Aude Syntia  , Lendoye Elisabeth Oswald SImouen , Marie Lauraine Singui Eyeng , Felix Ovono Abessolo , Batou Alvine Sibylle
Published: June 2024

: Type 2 diabetes is resulting from insulin resistance and/or progressively reduced insulin secretion. Vitamin D nuclear receptor present on the β cells of the pancreas promotes the growth, synthesis and secretion of insulin. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with numerous disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension, cancer, multiple sclerosis, depression, psychiatric diseases.

Determine the frequency of hypovitaminosis D among type 2 diabetes patients and those without diabetes in Libreville.

The study population was composed of 92 type 2 diabetes patients (cases) and 100 non-diabetics (controls). The vitamin D and glycated hemoglobin were performed using 25 OH Vitamin D total kit and FIA8000 kit respectively. The blood glucose, calcemia and phosphorus were performed using standard spectrophotometric assay.

Insufficient vitamin D (<30ng/mL) was found among 55.2% of the study population that was 57.0% of insufficient vitamin D in cases and 53.3% in controls. In the general population vitamin D was not correlated to blood glucose (r= -0.0270). Thus, with glycated hemoglobin, no correlation was found with vitamin D among cases. However, a weak negative correlation of vitamin D with blood glucose has been found in control group (r= -0.2798).

High hypovitaminosis D was found among cases and controls. Therefore and in regards of studies based on vitamin D supplementation, with an appropriate concentration of vitamin D or calcitriol, glucose homeostasis may be maintained. Moreover, implementation of preventive measures should be done to avoid disastrous consequences of vitamin D insufficiency.
Locos y degenerados: Una genealogía de la psiquiatría ampliada
Authors: Caponi Sandra
Published: June 2024

En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX comienza a articularse un nuevo modo de entender las enfermedades mentales que ya no se restringe exclusivamente a la preocupación por los delirios, las alucinaciones, los actos violentos o las pasiones irrefrenables, hechos que hasta ese momento concentraban el interés de alienistas y psiquiatras. Ese desplazamiento permite clasificar un conjunto cada vez mayor de conductas y comportamientos cotidianos como patologías psíquicas que requieren intervenciones terapéuticas. Emerge así un nuevo campo de saber que posibilita que hechos simples, como la tristeza profunda, la sexualidad en la infancia, el alcoholismo y los más diversos desvíos de comportamiento pasen a ser, poco a poco, objeto de discursos e intervenciones médicas. Asistimos, así, a la creciente consolidación de ese espacio de saber y de intervención que Michel Foucault denominó medicina de lo no patológico. Se delinean, en ese momento, los contornos de una psiquiatría ampliada que permanece hasta hoy interesada en definir y clasificar las enfermedades del hombre normal. Deberemos indagar, por ejemplo, cómo surge, cómo se valida y cómo se difunde ese saber médico relacionado a lo no patológico. Analizar a partir de qué espacio epistemológico, de qué saberes y de qué estrategias discursivas se consolidó esa psiquiatría ampliada que aparece en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y que hoy parece haber renacido con fuerza inesperada. Sandra Caponi Fragmentos de la Introducción
Para estar vivos no alcanza con nacer: Vulnerabilidad y cuidados en tiempos pandémicos
Authors: Ferro Silvia Lilian
Published: June 2024

Este artículo ofrece una reflexión sistematizada vinculando significantes colectivos emergentes de la experiencia pandémica con la cuestión del cuidado desde el enfoque de género y en perspectiva histórica. Para ello se realizó revisión bibliográfica con métodos cualitativos. Se evidencia la oportunidad para repensar binarios jerárquicos como racionalidad versus corporalidad, masculinidad/femineidad y sociedad versus naturaleza problematizándose, además, la contradicción de ser especie dominante debido a la capacidad humana de producir tecnología y cultura y a la vez los más dependientes de cuidados.
Análise dos pareceres legislativos sobre os julgamentos desfavoráveis pelo TCE das contas dos municípios metropolitanos de Curitiba e Porto Alegre
Authors: Ferraresi de Araujo Geraldo Jose , Morais André Almeida
Published: June 2024

O controle da administração pública é de fundamental para o aperfeiçoamento da democracia brasileira e para a construção de um estado de bem estar social, nesse sentido, o poder legislativo, como também as cortes de contas tem um papel de destaque. Todavia, vários desafios são observados no legislativo brasileiro: fragilidade ante ao executivo e letargia na fiscalização da administração pública, especialmente nos municípios. Logo, o objetivo deste artigo é investigar o papel do poder legislativo municipal e sua relação com os pareceres emitidos pelos TCE RS e PR entre os anos de 2010 e 2019 especificamente em relação as cidade que compõem as regiões metropolitanas de Porto Alegre e Curitiba. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa descritiva, executada a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica e documental, submetidas a análise de conteúdo. Como resultado dos 28 pareces desfavoráveis a aprovação de contas, elaborados TCE RS, apenas seis foram acatados pelas câmaras municipais das cidades da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre e dos 22 pareces desfavoráveis a aprovação de contas, elaborados TCE PR, apenas um foi acatado. O presente resultado aponta para ausência de espírito republicanista dos legisladores, a cooptação da elite e ausência da sociedade convergem para o poder legislativo fraco, omisso e descompromissado tanto com elaboração de projetos de lei em consonância com todos espectros de interesses da sociedade, como também controle da administração pública brasileira.
Temas transversais na formação de professores de matemática: uma ação formativa
Authors: Torisu Edmilson Minoru , Frreira Wenderson Marques
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho aborda os Temas Transversais na formação de professores e apresenta uma ação formativa de inserção de componentes curriculares com temática transversal em um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática de uma Universidade pública brasileira. Também é feita uma análise das impressões dos participantes sobre a ação desenvolvida, com resultados que indicam que a formação em temas transversais nos cursos de licenciatura pode impactar não apenas na formação pessoal e cidadã de cada licenciando, mas também na formação de seus futuros alunos.
Meta-avaliação do SINAES: a visão dos avaliadores ad hoc
Authors: Lopes Costa Barbara Regina , Araújo Richard Medeiros de , El Hajj Zaina Said , Do Nascimento Leide Albergoni
Published: June 2024

O estudo objetiva realizar uma meta-avaliação do SINAES enquanto política pública de avaliação do ensino superior sob a ótica dos avaliadores ad hoc do INEP/MEC. A metodologia se desenha como estudo exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa, tendo uma amostra estratificada por região de 369 avaliadores. Os dados foram coletados por meio desurvey e tratados em Excel® por meio de estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostram a predominância de avaliadores doutores (66%) com menos de 10 anos (51%) de participação no BASis. A análise demonstra a necessidade de diferenciar instrumentos de avaliação entre atos, modalidade e tipos de IES, aperfeiçoamento o sistema para dar maior celeridade aos processos, além de revisão da metodologia do ENADE e os indicadores de qualidade dele derivados.
Saúde Mental e qualidade de vida de universitários em etapa inicial do ensino remoto
Authors: Dias Marcela Doescher , Silva Nilson Rogério da , SILVA Meire Luci da
Published: June 2024

A pandemia do COVID-19 resultou na imposição do isolamento social e na adoção das atividades remotas de ensino, fatores que podem acarretar no comprometimento da saúde mental e da qualidade de vida dos universitários. Objetivo: Investigar indicadores de transtornos mentais e condições da qualidade de vida de universitários de cursos da área da saúde e humanas em regime de ensino remoto durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Pesquisa descritiva, de caráter quantitativo e de corte transversal. Amostra composta por estudantes de uma universidade pública brasileira. Foram utilizados três instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico e de vivências durante a pandemia, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale e World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument – bref. Análise de dados foi realizada utilizando dados de estatística descritiva e protocolos dos instrumentos. Resultados: Participaram 206 universitários, com média de idade de 22,8 anos, sendo maioria do gênero feminino, solteiros, com religião, que não trabalhavam e eram da área da saúde. As principais dificuldades relacionadas ao ensino remoto foram prejuízos na saúde mental (87,9%), desconforto físico (68,6%), dificuldade de concentração e atenção (78,0%) e instabilidade da internet (41,7%). A depressão e estresse foram as variáveis mais prevalentes no que se refere à ocorrência e, quanto à gravidade, ansiedade e estresse. A condição geral da qualidade de vida foi considerada regular, porém 65,5% percebiam sua saúde como ruim ou necessitava melhorar. Os domínios mais comprometidos foram: psicológico (82,5%), físico (81,1%) e ambiental (77,2%). Conclusão: Faz-se necessário a implementação de programas e ações de promoção em saúde mental pelas instituições de ensino visando melhorar a qualidade da saúde, de vida e de desempenho acadêmico, além de garantias de acesso e de qualificação para o uso de tecnologias de comunicação digitais.
Violência de gênero e lei maria da penha: uma análise dos critérios jurisprudenciais do TJRS para determinação de competência
Authors: Azeredo Caroline Machado de Oliveira
Published: June 2024

O objetivo principal desse trabalho é identificar os critérios para incidência da Lei Maria da Penha em matéria criminal, a partir de decisões proferidas pelo TJRS em conflitos de competência e em recursos em sentido estrito, bem como compreender os significados destas decisões.
Consumo de álcool e outras substâncias psicoativas por adultos
Authors: Batista Nayanne Victória Sousa , Felix Francisco Edilanio Gomes , Nascimento Ellany Gurgel Cosme do
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o uso de álcool e de outras substâncias psicoativas dos moradores maiores de 18 anos da zona urbana de Pau dos Ferros-RN.Métodos: A pesquisa tem um desenho transversal, descritivo, em formato de amostra domiciliar com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra teve um total de 396 habitantes.Resultados: Os adultos mais jovens são os que mais fazem uso de álcool e à medida que vão ficando mais velhos esse uso tende a diminuir. Os homens são os que mais consumem álcool e estes são os que afirmam a maio necessidade de reduzir tal uso, o consumo entre as mulheres vêm aumentando, podendo ser justificado pela independência feminina. Há atualmente um enorme crescimento do uso de substâncias psicoativas de forma expansiva e os adultos na faixa etária de 40 a 59 anos fazem maior uso dessas substâncias.Conclusão: Os adultos mais jovens tendem a fazer maior uso de álcool e se diferem quando se trata ao uso de outras substâncias psicoativas. É necessária a busca cada vez maior por medidas preventivas para diminuição do consumo de álcool e outras substâncias psicoativas. No cenário atual essas medidas vêm sendo largamente discutidas nas esferas sociais e políticas e ainda por autoridades e instituições de saúde.
Avaliação da mobilidade funcional e equilíbrio de adolescentes com Síndrome de Down atendidos na Equoterapia e Fisioterapia
Authors: Bevilacqua Junior Domingos Emanuel , Ribeiro Mariane Fernandes , Lage Janaine Brandão , Mello Edneia Corrêa de , Teixeira Vicente de Paula Antunes , Espindula Ana Paula
Published: June 2024

Introdução: A hipotonia muscular, característica da Síndrome de Down compromete a mobilidade funcional, o desempenho muscular e consequentemente interfere nas atividades da vida diária.Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos da Equoterapia e da Fisioterapia sobre a mobilidade funcional  e equilíbrio de adolescentes com síndrome de Down.Materiais e Métodos: O estudo incluiu 14 sujeitos com síndrome de Down divididos em dois grupos: nove (seis masculinos e três femininos) no grupo Equoterapia e cinco (três masculinos e dois femininos) no grupo Fisioterapia, idade média 13,2 ±2,2 e 14,2 ±3,1 anos, respectivamente. Foram realizados 30 atendimentos, com duração de 30 minutos cada, uma vez por semana, de acordo com os tipos de intervenções para cada grupo, Equoterapia e Fisioterapia. A mobilidade funcional  e equilíbrio foi avaliada no pré e pós intervenções por meio do teste TimedUpand Go.Resultados: Analisando o teste TimedUpand Go, foi possível observar diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p=0,006) no grupo Equoterapia, comparando-se o pré e pós intervenção (1º e 30º atendimentos).Conclusão: A Equoterapia foi capaz de proporcionar melhora na mobilidade funcional e no equilíbrio dinâmico quando comparada à Fisioterapia. No entanto, ambas as intervenções são práticas seguras para a reabilitação de indivíduos com síndrome de Down.
Comportamento do consumidor de medicamentos e serviços farmacêuticos: desafios atuais e horizontes pós-Covid-19
Authors: Borba Helena Hiemisch Lobo , Carvalho Denise Maria Woranovicz
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Entender o comportamento do consumidor de medicamentos e serviços farmacêuticos na época da pandemia de Covid-19.Materiais e métodos: Fez-se uma survey quantitativa por meio de questionário elaborado no Google Forms e disseminado por meios eletrônicos. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e acerca da compra de medicamentos e uso de serviços farmacêuticos em farmácias comunitárias. Os dados foram analisados com os softwares Microsoft Excel 365 e SPSS v. 22.Resultados: Obteve-se 250 respostas, predominantemente de indivíduos do estado do Paraná e com alto grau de escolaridade e renda. Não houve redução importante na compra de medicamentos na pandemia e certos medicamentos (e.g. analgésicos, antigripais) foram adquiridos em volume maior neste período. Houve aumento da compra de álcool gel, máscaras e na procura por vitaminas, além do aumento da compra on-line de medicamentos. Constatou-se a necessidade de atuação mais categórica do farmacêutico como provedor de orientações acerca de medicamentos, sobretudo aqueles potencialmente destinados ao tratamento da Covid-19.Conclusões: No cenário atual de infodemia e desinformação, esta pesquisa revela a importância de mais ações do farmacêutico, especialmente quanto à educação em saúde, além da potencialidade de explorar a interação virtual do paciente com este profissional.
Assessment of Soil Contamination with Heavy Metals and Arsenic in the City of Komsomolsk-on-Amure
Authors: Arkhipov E.A. , Koshelkov A.M. , Gladun I.V.
Published: June 2024

Research and assessment of soil contamination with heavy metals and arsenic in Komsomolsk-on-Amur have been carried out. High levels of soil contamination with heavy metals have been found — toxicants of hazard classes 1 and 2, among which the largest participation of zinc, lead, copper and cadmium has been recorded. It has been noted that the high content of arsenic in soils may be due to both technogenic influence and natural features of the area under study. A comparison has been made of the contents of heavy metals and arsenic in the soils of the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur with the local natural background and technogenic background concentrations of other industrial cities in Russia and China. Two main technogenic geochemical anomalies (zones of increased pollution levels) associated with the main industrial hubs of the city have been identified.
Composition and Transformation of Halogenated Products Contained in Drinking Water Transported through the Urban Water Distribution Network
Authors: Vozhdaeva M.Yu. , Khokhlova A.R. , Melnitsky I.A. , Serebriakov P.V. , Perminova I.V. , Konstantinov A.I. , Malkova M.A. , Kantor E.A.
Published: June 2024

Analysis of the composition and transformation of organic compounds in water obtained at a surface water intake of a large urban agglomeration (by the example of the city of Ufa) and used to arrange water supply for the population and the industrial sector has been carried out. Using gas and liquid chromatography with various types of detection, more than 250 organic compounds in the supplied water have been determined. It has been revealed that when transporting water, the concentration of organic compounds of technogenic nature (phthalates, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, alkylbenzenes, etc.) does not change. It has been concluded that in remote, dead-end and stagnant zones of the urban water distribution network, the presence of additional organic pollutants not identified in drinking water leaving water treatment facilities, has not been detected.
Russophilism and Misunderstanding Ukraine
Authors: Kuzio Taras
Published: June 2024

Russophilism and Misunderstanding Ukraine (Review: Olga Onuch and Henry Hale. The Zelensky Effect. London: Hurst and Co., 2023; Dominique Arel and Jesse Driscoll. Ukraine’s Unnamed War. Before the Russian Invasion of 2022. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2023)
The Demographic Factor in Shaping State Policy for Higher Education of Ukraine
Authors: Zaichenko Iryna
Published: June 2024

The article examines key indicators of the demographic crisis in Ukraine, highlighting manifestations of the nation’s aging and natural population decline.It’s determined that understanding and analyzing the demographic situation allows for predicting changes in the size and structure of the student population, which is crucial for the effective development of higher education in Ukraine. Considering the trends of declining birth rates and an aging population, it is important to adapt admission strategies for students and educational programs accordingly. The examination of the demographic crisis helps identify key challenges, such as a decrease in the number of high school graduates, which can impact competition within the higher education environment.The trends examined in the article, including the decline in the birth rate of the Ukrainian population, the aging of the nation, the level of migration, and the loss of the civilian population due to the war, enable us to characterize the situation in Ukraine as depopulation. Notable changes in the demographic landscape and shifts in the population structure occurred after February 24, 2022, including irreversible human losses, population emigration (over 10 million people), and a decline in the average birth rate. A correlation was identified between the number of births each year and the dynamics of educational services’ capacity. It was observed that higher education in Ukraine will confront significant demographic challenges in the next 17 years. In the context of the strategic goal to restore Ukraine’s human capital, the article suggests viewing higher education as an effective instrument of state policy in a cyclical process: attaining higher education, integrating graduates into the national economy, ensuring financial stability, fostering active citizenship, and promoting loyalty to the state—all contributing to an improvement in the demographic situation.
Presentación
Authors: Rosado-Villaverde Cecilia
Published: June 2024

El principio de independencia judicial es una cuestión que se aborda con frecuencia en la doctrina constitucional y procesal. Nuestra historia constitucional demuestra que este fue un asunto ampliamente debatido durante los diversos procesos constituyentes del siglo XIX y XX, con posiciones antagónicas. A pesar de ser una constante en el estudio de los juristas, en la actualidad resulta especialmente relevante. El bloqueo en la renovación del Consejo General del Poder Judicial durante los últimos cinco años nos lleva a replantearnos qué significa realmente la independencia judicial, si su configuración constitucional y legal es suficiente y si los mecanismos existentes en nuestro estado de derecho garantizan su adecuada aplicación. La creciente preocupación por el cumplimiento de este importante principio se extiende por toda Europa. La Comisión de Venecia y el Consejo de Europa han expresado esta inquietud en sus informes y publicaciones a lo largo de los últimos años. En este contexto, el proyecto de investigación «Unidad e independencia del poder judicial en el constitucionalismo actual», cuyo título no deja lugar a dudas, busca reflexionar sobre las problemáticas y las dificultades que rodean al poder judicial y a su independencia.