bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune uveitis: risk factors and issues of immunopathogenesis
Authors: Shirinsky I. V. , Shirinsky V. S.
Published: January 2025

We present recent advances in studying the mechanisms of susceptibility to immune-mediated uveitis (IM) and its pathogenesis. Animal models of human uveitis are described in details. Those include the best characterized models of experimental anterior uveitis (endotoxin-induced uveitis and experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis). As a result of these studies, some relevant transcription factors were detected, such as STAT3, Interferon regulatory factor 4, 8; regulatory proteins, e.g., suppressors of cytokine signaling 1, 3 (SOCS1, SOCS3) and cytokine signaling pathways that regulate the development of IS and may serve as potential therapeutic targets for treatment. Environmental risk factors contributing to the development of IS are also characterized. The presented data concern the influence of physical activity, smoking, state of intestinal microbiome, and diet on the incidence of IS, as well as known and suspected contribution of the risk factors to the initiation and pathogenesis of the disease. In particular, we present results of studies which suggest two main options of intestinal microbiome involvement in the IS development: intestinal microbiome antigens act as triggers for activation of T cells specific for retinal antigens, and the microbiome modulates the balance of effector subpopulations of T lymphocytes (Th1 and Th17) and immunoregulatory subpopulations cells (Treg). It is reported that high levels of expression of ocular proteins (interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein – IRBP or S-antigen) in the thymus correlated with resistance to the development of EAU, while low IRBP levels correlated with susceptibility to uveitis. These seminal studies in pathogenesis of IU allowed explanation for selective susceptibility to autoimmune uveitis and suggested regulation tools of resistance to uveitis, at least, in part, due to ability of maintaining central tolerance to retinal autoantigens. Uveitogenic memory T cells have been described to move from retina and peripheral lymphoid tissues to the bone marrow, remaining there in a quiescent state until re-stimulation, then transforming into various subpopulations of effector cells. Analysis of immunological studies in murine models of uveitis and peripheral blood of patients with uveitis had revealed a pathogenetic role of Th17 lymphocytes and a transcription activator STAT3 in development of autoimmune uveitis, with STAT3 signaling protein being a potential therapeutic target for non-infectious uveitis.
Determination of t cell immune response to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus based on induced γ-interferon production by specific T cells upon their stimulation by viral antigen
Authors: Cherepovich B. S. , Kudryashova A. M. , Pankratieva L. L. , Bogolyubova A. V. , Manuilov V. A. , Gushchin V. A. , Pochtovyi A. A. , Borisova O. V. , Svitich O. A.
Published: January 2025

The aim of this work was to study the capacity of human T cells immune for SARS-CoV-2, to produce IFNγ, a marker of T cell immunity, in response to stimulation by a peptide pool in whole blood. Eighty samples of whole blood were received from the volunteers with known medical history in 2021, and 258 volunteers were examined in September-October 2022. In this study, 2 detection techniques were used, i.e.: (1) solid-phase enzyme immunoassay to determine antibodies of class G to RBD SARS-CoV-2; (2) IGRA test to determine IFNγ produced by antigen-specific lymphocytes in response to their stimulation by viral antigen. The parameters of the IGRA test were optimized with a sample of 80 specimens from the volunteers. The threshold value of the IFNγ level was determined (4.85 pg/mL), at the diagnostic specificity of 100% (80.6-100), and diagnostic sensitivity of 92.19% (83-96.6%), 95% CI. The study was further continued with a sample of 258 volunteers. Of them, 28.7%, did not exceed the threshold level of IFNγ after stimulation, according to results of the IGRA test. Meanwhile, all volunteers exhibited class G antibodies to RBB SARS-CoV-2. There was no correlation between the levels of antibodies and the level of interferon response in the entire group. When comparing IgG antibody levels and the amplitude of IFNγ (if exceeding the baseline level) in the groups differing in the time of the last vaccination, the median values of the parameters were slightly higher for the subgroup which was revaccinated 1-2 months before the study, while a significant difference between these subgroups was revealed only when evaluating IFNγ, pg/mL (Mann–Whitney criterion, p = 0.0321). According to the results of the study, it can be assumed that all the patients in the sample who were vaccinated and had COVID-19 infection, showed a humoral immune response. However, about a third of them lacked cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2. There was no correlation between the levels of antibodies and the level of interferon response (Spearman’s criterion). Revaccination within previous 1-2 months has been shown to promote the increased amplitude of interferon response.
Lietuvos Respublikos diplomatų JAV pirmasis susirinkimas Vašingtone 1924 metais
Authors: Skirius Juozas
Published: January 2025

Lietuvių istoriografijoje dar nebuvo aptartas Lietuvos atstovų JAV pirmasis suvažiavimas 1924 m. Vašingtone. Surastas Lietuvos generalinio konsulato Niujorke archyve Lietuvos pasiuntinio Kazio Bizausko, konsulų Juliaus J. Bielskio ir Povilo Žadeikio pasitarimo protokolo nuorašas, kuris atskleidė tokio susitikimo priežastis – kuo geriau atlikti konsulinį darbą ir atstovauti Lietuvai. Dokumente fiksuojamos konsulų darbe kilusios problemos, atkreipiamas dėmesys į didelę darbo apimtį, personalo trūkumą. Kaip visuomet keliamos finansinės problemos. Susirinkime buvo siekiama koordinuoti atstovų veiklas, susitarti darbų pasiskirstymo klausimais, teikti pasiūlymai Lietuvos Vyriausybei, siekiant palengvinti atstovų veiklą. Dokumentą ir jo nuorašus Lietuvos pasiuntinys siuntė ne tik Lietuvos konsulams į Niujorką ir Čikagą, bet ir Lietuvos užsienio reikalų ministerijai Kaune. Tokio pobūdžio susitikimai tapo tradicija.
The Phenomenon of NO in Fiction
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Vasiliev Igor E. , Vepreva Irina T. ,   Ural Federal University, Govorukhina Yulia A. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Dohnal Joseph ,   Masaryk University,   Cyril and Methodius University, Drozdova Anastasia O. ,   Tyumen State University, Kolesnikova Elena I. ,   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences, Kubasov Alexandr V. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University, Kulikov Vladimir B. ,   Ural Federal University, Kupina Natalia A. ,   Ural Federal University, Menschikova Anna M. ,   Ural Federal University, Mikhailova Olga A. ,   Ural Federal University, Pechal Zdenek ,   Palacký University Olomouc, Podchinenov Alexey V. ,   Ural Federal University, Ponomareva Elena V. ,   Moscow Center for Education Quality, Popovich Alexey I. ,   Ural Federal University, Prashcheruk Natalia V. ,   Ural Federal University, Prikazchikova Elena E. ,   Ural Federal University, Rogacheva Natalia A. ,   Tyumen State University, Rusina Yulia A. ,   Ural Federal University, Snigirev Alexey V. ,   Ural State Law University, Snigireva Tatyana A. ,   Ural Federal University, Turysheva Olga N. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: January 2025

This monograph, which continues a series of works on the phenomenology and psychology of artistic creation, for the first time presents an attempt to systematically describe the phenomenon NO in literature, sets the task of identifying at least the relative boundaries of its functionality, negative and creative potentials. The book is intended for specialists in humanities: literary scholars, philosophers, researchers in arts and culture studies, psychologists and literary critics.
Transgender outpatient clinics within the SUS: how can communication enhance service visibility?
Authors: Fleck Juliana Michelotti , Barbosa Salete Saionara Santos , Cavaca Aline Guio
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To map communication barriers within healthcare services for transgender people, and propose strategies to enhance the visibility of these outpatient clinics and improve access. Methods This was a mixed-methods study, employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. 44 online questionnaires were administered and two focus groups were conducted with transgender people and healthcare professionals in 2021. Results the primary barriers identified regarding access to healthcare services included a lack of knowledge about the free and specialized nature of services, alongside the stigma and discrimination faced by the transgender population. Based on this diagnosis, a communication plan was developed, tailored to the needs of each population. The strategy was launched on National Trans Day of Visibility and emphasized the message “TRANS Path. Respect, Dignity and True Identity”. Conclusion Developing communication strategies through a dialogical approach can increase the visibility of transgender clinics. This strategy includes the integration of users and professionals in collaborative practices, respecting gender identity and promoting more equitable access to services.
Perfil de atendimentos de crianças e adolescentes de um ambulatório de afirmação de gênero no Sistema Único de Saúde em São Paulo entre 2009 e 2020
Authors: Freitas Felipe Assunção de , Souza-Silva Josevan de , Soll Bianca Machado Borba , Novo Ana Carolina , Saavedra Maira Caricari , Lacroix Tainá , Saadeh Alexandre
Published: January 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o perfil de crianças e adolescentes transgêneros atendidos em um ambulatório de afirmação de gênero no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em São Paulo. Métodos Utilizou-se estudo descritivo, com 555 participantes, que foram atendidos entre 2009 e 2020, na atenção terciária do SUS. Os dados foram analisados por teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e desvio-padrão, considerando gênero, idade e procedência. Resultados Entre 2009 e 2020, ocorreu aumento no gênero masculino (2009, 0%; 2020, 83,3%) e a diminuição no gênero feminino (2009, 100%; 2020, 16,6%), com média de idade de 13,7 e 14,3 anos. A maioria (93,7%) dos atendimentos foi realizada na região Sudeste. Conclusão Nas duas décadas analisadas, houve aumento na procura por atendimento por crianças de adolescentes trans do gênero masculino, e proporcionalmente, redução no gênero feminino. Os atendimentos de crianças e adolescentes concentraram-se na região Sudeste.
Access pathways to the transsexualizing process in Brazil: a scoping review
Authors: Bender Mariluza Sott , Paz Ingre , Beranger Kethllen Stephanie , Garcia Edna Linhares
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the representation of access pathways to the transsexualizing process in Brazil and the main barriers faced by transgender people. Method A scoping review of the literature was conducted. Searches took place in January 2024, with articles and reviews that addressed access to the transsexualizing process being eligible, while books, chapters, conferences, editorial documents, and studies describing surgical procedures were excluded. Results A total of 776 articles were found, of which 9 were included. 66% of the studies analyzed were field research involving interviews. The findings highlight the 5 stages of the transsexualizing process: care at primary healthcare centers, referral, multidisciplinary follow-up, surgical procedure, and local care for individuals. Conclusion The studies focused on the barriers to accessing the transsexualizing process, rather than on the access pathways themselves, highlighting a gap in the understanding of the access itineraries to the process. rather than on the access pathways themselves, highlighting a gap in understanding the itineraries to the process.
Acesso de pessoas trans e travestis à profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV no Brasil: estudo descritivo, 2018-2023
Authors: Silva Aline Pilon Mauricio da , Pereira Isabela Ornelas , Alencar Tatianna Meireles D. , Kamiensky Beatriz Brittes , Moura Marihá Camelo Madeira de , França Francisco Álisson Paula de , Morelli Thiago Cherem , Pascom Ana Roberta Pati
Published: January 2025

RESUMO Objetivos Analisar o acesso à profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV (PrEP) no Brasil, comparando-o entre população trans e cis. Métodos Estudo descritivo com dados oriundos do Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (Siclom), referentes ao monitoramento da PrEP entre janeiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2023. Resultados No período analisado, 149.022 pessoas iniciaram PrEP, sendo 139.423 (94%) cis e 9.599 (6%) trans. Foram registradas 54% cis e 46% trans brancas/amarelas, 67% cis e 48% trans com 12 anos ou mais de escolaridade e 40% cis e 52% trans na faixa etária entre 15 e 29 anos. Conclusão Os dados revelaram disparidades no acesso à PrEP, com a população trans ainda subrepresentada. A ampliação de estratégias direcionadas pode mitigar barreiras específicas enfrentadas por essa população e promover maior equidade no acesso à profilaxia.
Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pessoas trans usuárias de serviço de saúde especializado em Manaus, 2023: um estudo transversal
Authors: Gualberto Júnior Erivan Clementino , Dall’Alba Açucena Amâncio , Neves André Luiz Machado das , Amaral David Câmara Gurgel do , Soares Aline Barreto , Herkrath Fernando José , Herkrath Ana Paula Corrêa de Queiroz
Published: January 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e fatores associados em pessoas trans. Métodos Estudo transversal em 2023. Empregou-se o instrumento 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey em mulheres trans, homens trans, travestis e não binários, usuários de um serviço de saúde em Manaus. Resultados Incluídos 71 participantes: 36 mulheres trans; 29, homens trans; 2, travestis; e 4, não binários, média de idade 30,1 anos. O componente físico apresentou escore 44,6 ±7,8, e o componente mental, 38,4±11,1. O aspecto emocional, escore 16,0±1,1, foi o domínio mais afetado. Associaram-se trabalho remunerado com melhor qualidade de vida mental e ter vivido em situação de rua com pior qualidade de vida física, diferenças médias de 4,4 (IC95% 2,3;6,9) e -3,3 (IC95% -7,7;-2,3) respectivamente. Conclusão Em pessoas trans, o componente mental foi mais afetado que o físico, com maior prejuízo no aspecto emocional. Características socioeconômicas associaram-se à qualidade de vida.
OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL CONCRETO MEDIANTE EL USO DE AGREGADOS RECICLADOS DE RESIDUOS DE DEMOLICIÓN Y CONSTRUCCIÓN EN PIURA, 2024
Authors: Jiménez Ruiz Diego Alonso , Soto Colona Danitza Noelia
Published: January 2025

Este estudio aborda la gestión de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) en Piura, Perú, y propone el uso de residuos reciclados en el hormigón como una solución sustentable. El principal objetivo es evaluar el impacto de los agregados reciclados en la resistencia y durabilidad del concreto en la región, en línea con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 11, 12 y 9, que promueven la sostenibilidad urbana, el consumo responsable y la innovación en infraestructura. Los objetivos específicos incluyen obtener residuos reciclados a partir de residuos locales, comparar las propiedades mecánicas de las aguas residuales con aguas residuales recicladas versus aguas residuales convencionales, y evaluar la absorción de agua y la gravedad específica de estas aguas residuales. El estudio utilizó un diseño experimental cuantitativo, realizándose pruebas de compresión durante 7, 14 y 28 días sobre un total de 27 sondas distribuidas en tres grupos. Los resultados a lo largo de 28 días demostraron que el diseño de concreto con árido reciclado de residuos de concreto logró resistencias comparables al concreto convencional, con valores de resistencia entre 268,8 kg/cm² y 281,5 kg/cm², que es el que se considera adecuado para aplicaciones estructurales. Sin embargo, el proyecto con un 50% de residuos de vidrio presentó una resistencia ligeramente inferior, alcanzando hasta 227,2 kg/cm². Estas conclusiones respaldan la factibilidad técnica y ambiental del uso de RCD en concreto, proponiendo una alternativa sustentable en la industria de la construcción en Piura.
Manipulating layer charge to regulate the hydration and swelling of montmorillonite
Authors: Ma Tiantian , Hao Fengfu , Yu Haiwen , Wei Changfu , Zhang Guoping
Published: January 2025

An experimental investigation was conducted to uncover how artificial manipulation of layer charge of montmorillonite regulates its swelling and hydration behavior and hence find its novel applications such as CO2 capture. Charge-reduced montmorillonites (CRMs) were prepared via the Li-fixation technique, followed by characterizing their diverse physical, chemical, hydration, and swelling properties, including Atterberg limits, cation exchange capacity, water adsorption isotherms, basal spacing variability, and the fraction of expandable layers. Results show that the number of expandable 2:1 layers in a CRM quasicrystal decreases with layer charge, primarily because of the migration of the interlayer Li+ cations into the empty octahedra and hence the reduction in the population of hydrated exchangeable interlayer cations. Also, Li-fixation leads to the conversion of the original expandable 2:1 smectite layers to the nonexpendable, hydrophobic pyrophyllite-like layers. Upon Li-fixation, the water retention and adsorption capability of the CRMs decrease gradually with layer charge, while the maximum water content and area of the wetting-drying hysteresis loop of adsorption/desorption isotherms exhibit the opposite. Furthermore, a facile method for determining the proportion of expandable layers is developed for the Li-fixed CRMs. The viable application of CRMs for enhanced CO2 capture or adsorption is envisioned in terms of the reduced layer charges and creaction of local hydrophobic microzones on the siloxane surfaces.
The institutional and legal framework of the water sector in Kosovo throughout different periods
Authors: Çadraku Hazir S. , Selimi Ferid , Xhafaj Jorida
Published: January 2025

Water resources have been and continue to be of vital significance to every nation and country. They have been the focus of institutional management and legal regulation for centuries. The purpose of this paper is to provide the local and international community with a summary of the institutional and legal framework of the water sector in the Republic of Kosovo. In this regard, the institutional and legal framework are required for good administration, water rights division, and other functions related to water preservation and rational use. Water administration is organized at two levels in the Republic of Kosovo: central and local, with jurisdiction based on the Constitution of Kosovo as the highest legal act and acts derived from the constitution for the regulation of specific areas, including the water sector. As a result, the paper is divided into two major sections that examine the regulation and its impact on well administration and the use of national water resources in Kosovo.
Eschatological concepts surfacing in a Ukrainian War-related psychological text: a case study
Authors: Krapivnyk Ganna
Published: January 2025

The study discusses the ways of surfacing eschatological concepts and their field based on a Ukrainian psychological collective monograph devoted to the ongoing war and children of war, in particular. The conveyed research enabled to identify the repertoire of the linguistic means that verbalise eschatology as a field in the above texts. The centre and the periphery of the outlined eschatological conceptual field were described, thus revealing the specific approachof psychology to existential issues related to the major eschatological concepts of DEATH, WAR and LOSS. It was noted that the singled out textual surfacing clearly showedthat these concepts, serving as semantic eschatology representatives, are regarded transformatively in psychology. By forming a detailed verbalised description of the past and present experience, they are understood not merely as the end of something but rather as a door, a transition to new situations, emphasizing the continuity of life under any circumstances. The completed conceptual and linguoculturological text analysis explored and clarified theverbalisation of the common existential eschatological problems faced by adults and children, especially those affected by the raging war in Ukraine. It was found out and demonstrated that the verbalization of the analysed concepts in the given texts could be observed at different language levels, from lexemes and phrases, predominantly nominative collocations, to longer descriptive contexts.
Estudantes universitários e pandemia por covid-19: impactos na saúde mental
Authors: Mendel Patricia , Cúnico Sabrina Daiana , Giongo Carmem Regina
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de investigar as repercussões da pandemia por Covid-19 na saúde mental de estudantes de universidades privadas, identificando o nível de sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, de delineamento quantitativo. Participaram do estudo 399 estudantes de graduação de universidades privadas do Brasil. O protocolo de coleta contou com dois instrumentos de pesquisa, a saber: um questionário sociodemográfico e a Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Estresse (DASS-21). Os resultados apontaram para dificuldades de adaptação dos estudantes ao ensino remoto, o que pode ter corroborado para o aumento do sofrimento psíquico no período da pandemia. Com relação aos sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, foi possível verificar que a média das escalas estava na faixa de severidade moderada. Concluiu-se que são necessárias ações que ampliem o acolhimento e a escuta desse público dentro das universidades de forma mais efetiva, contribuindo para a promoção da saúde mental.
Atuação em psicologia hospitalar na pandemia da covid-19: revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Telles Maria Laura de Freitas Andrade , Pegoraro Renata Fabiana
Published: January 2025

A pandemia da Covid-19 acarretou, além de mortes e hospitalizações, impactos psicológicos negativos para a população e comunidade da saúde. A alta transmissibilidade do vírus, ansiedade devido isolamento e medo da morte foram vivências experienciadas com maior intensidade por pacientes hospitalizados, familiares e trabalhadores da linha de frente do cuidado. Diante disso, os psicólogos que atuam na assistência hospitalar receberam uma larga demanda de cuidado e suas ferramentas de trabalho exigiram adaptação para o novo cenário, marcado pela redução de contato físico. O objetivo deste artigo foi mapear as estratégias utilizadas por psicóloga/os hospitalares durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Para isso, foi feita uma revisão integrativa de literatura, onde foram selecionados 14 artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2023, do tipo relato de experiência, a partir das bases de dados online BVS, Capes, PePSIC e Google Acadêmico, com os descritores “psicologia hospitalar”, “Covid-19” e “relato”. Os resultados destacam ações que envolvera comunicação remota e atividades presenciais, e dificuldades encontradas na prática da psicologia hospitalar, como a sobrecarga de trabalho e falta de conhecimento específico sobre o vírus. Observou-se que, apesar de as estratégias presenciais serem mantidas a partir dos protocolos de biossegurança, o uso de tecnologias foi utilizado com frequência para teleatendimentos, acolhimento online, plantões de atendimento psicológico remoto e visitas virtuais. Nota-se a importância de ações educativas e promoção de saúde mental aos profissionais de saúde afim de garantir desempenho eficaz. As estratégias adotadas durante a pandemia se mostraram valiosas, podendo desempenhar importante função enquanto medidas permanentes.
The Amenability of Kansas Clays to Alumina Extraction by Hydrochloric Acid Treatment
Authors: Waugh Wanda N.
Published: January 2025

Six kaolinitic clays from the Dakota Formation in north-central Kansas were leached with hydrochloric acid to remove alumina. The alumina was extracted from the leach solution, purified, and recovered as Al2O3. The extraction and recovery processes used gave yields ranging from 147 to 290 lbs/ton of alumina from clays calcined to 650°C. Residues from the leaching process were tested for possible ceramic utilization.
Gorham Oil Field, Russell County, Kansas
Authors: Walters Robert F.
Published: January 2025

The 1,397 oil wells in the Gorham oil field have produced nearly 100 million barrels of oil (BO) from 1926 to 1986. Wells were drilled on 10-acre (4-hectare) spacing 660 ft (198 m) apart, within the 50 mi2 (130 km2) oil field. The Arbuckle dolomite (Cambrian-Ordovician) and Reagan Sandstone (Cambrian), a unit reservoir with a strong water drive (original oil-water contact near subsea -1,440 ft), has produced 66% of the oil from porosity under the Pennsylvanian unconformity surface near 3,300 ft (9.90 m). The Lansing-Kansas City (Pennsylvanian) limestone reservoirs have produced 25% of the oil from structural and porosity traps by primary dissolved gas drive and secondary water flooding. A fracture zone in the Topeka limestones (Pennsylvanian) provided the reservoir(s) for spectacular oil recovery of 200,000 BO per well from 30 oil wells. A fourth pay zone yielded gassy, stratigraphically trapped oil from the Tarkio (Pennsylvanian) after fracturing. Precambrian granite and quartzite yield small amounts of oil in 15 wells.
The Gorham oil field is localized by a 10-mi (16-km)-long northwest-trending anticline with 400 ft (120 m) of faulting in the Precambrian granite on the southwest flank. Fault relief diminishes upward with 30 ft (9 m) of closure present in the near-surface Fence-post limestone (Cretaceous). The anticline was defined by the then-unique method of core drilling which provided the location for the discovery well in 1926.
In the 1920's, 1930's, and early 1940's, holes were drilled by the now-obsolete method of cable-tool drilling, providing excellent samples of well cuttings used by the author for acid insoluble residue studies, permitting subdivision of the Arbuckle dolomites into six mapped units. The drilling and development history and the changing role of the petroleum geologist are reviewed with illustrations of cable-tool rigs, derricks, and historic maps.
The adverse environmental effects of.this 60-year-old oil field (444 remaining active oil wells, December 31, 1986) include saline contamination of formerly useful freshwater aquifers and of limited agricultural areas plus slow, long-continued, costly subsidence affecting Interstate Highway 70 (I-70) in three areas. Subsidence rates are diminishing to only one-half foot per year, maximum, in 1986. Subsidence is caused by inadvertent dissolution of the Wellington salt (Permian) at depths of 1,300-1,550 ft (390-465 m) by improperly disposed waste oil-field brines that were unsaturated with regard to salt (halite, NaCl). Stringent regulation by the Kansas Corporation Commission of brine disposal and plugging of abandoned wells is minimizing additional adverse environmental impact.
Computer simulation of Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) carbonate-dominated cycles in western Kansas
Authors: Watney W. Lynn , Wong Jan-Chung , French John A., Jr.
Published: January 2025

We describe a personal computer-based one-dimensional process (forward) stratigraphic model that simulates Upper Pennsylvanian marine carbonate-dominated cycles on a ramp shelf in western Kansas. Here we describe the logic and methodology behind the model, key concepts and parameters used in modeling, and three examples. The model parameters include a glacial-eustatic curve, tectonic subsidence, and sedimentation rates. The Pleistocene sea-level curve serves as a proxy to Pennsylvanian sea level, as used in the present model. Pennsylvanian sedimentation is estimated according to potential accumulation rates of Recent sediments. Rapid sea-level rise leads to attenuation of carbonate sedimentation, and the associated increased productivity of organic matter often results in black shale accumulation, a hallmark of the Pennsylvanian cycles. Simulation of cycles could prove useful in predicting petroleum reservoir development as sophistication of the modeling and knowledge of the processes increase. Inverse techniques will be useful to this end so that parameters can be obtained that permit models to depict characteristics of individual cycles more precisely and accurately.
Computer simulation of carbonate platform and basin systems
Authors: Bice David M.
Published: January 2025

The carbonate platform depositional system is sensitive to many variables, a number of which are interrelated, making it difficult to clarify how each variable affects the growth pattern of a carbonate platform. A simple computer model that simulates the carbonate platform depositional system provides an efficient means of overcoming this problem. Individual variables, such as rates of sediment production and erosion, subsidence, and eustatic sea-level cycles, are changed progressively, whereas all other variables are held constant. Changes in relative sea level (a combination of oscillatory eustatic changes, tectonic subsidence, and sediment loading) appear to exert the strongest control on the growth of carbonate platforms by determining how much sediment can accumulate on the platform top, which to some degree (along with the rate of sediment removal) influences how much sediment is available for progradation of the platform. This quantitative forward-modeling approach provides a valuable learning tool and facilitates a precise understanding of a complicated system. A forward model, such as the one presented here, can provide a basis for creating an inverse model, which can be used to constrain the variables (sediment production rate, subsidence curve, and sea-level history) that led to the cross-sectional geometry observed in the field or in a seismic section.
Heat Flow in the Cretaceous of Northwestern Kansas and Implications for Regional Hydrology
Authors: Förster Andrea , Merriam Daniel F.
Published: January 2025

Temperature logs are interpreted to investigate the thermal structure of the units overlying the Kansas portion of the Cretaceous Dakota aquifer. The aim of this study is to determine if additional heat input by fluids exists and thus clarify whether the overall conductive heat flow from the basement through the sequence might be overprinted by heat advection. Although interval thermal gradients are determined for different lithologic (stratigraphic) units, the shale thermal gradients are preferred for heat-flow estimation. Shale thermal conductivity as measured in Mesozoic shales in Nebraska and South Dakota is extrapolated to the area because of the similar lithology. A few thermal-conductivity values are determined in sandstone samples of the Dakota Formation and also used in heat-flow estimation. In general, the noncalcareous, marine Cretaceous shales (Pierre, Carlile, Graneros, and Kiowa) show different thermal gradients. Gradients in the Pierre (average value 58.5°C/km) and Carlile (55.5°C/km) are slightly higher than the average gradient in the Graneros Shale (45.1°C/km) and Kiowa Formation (46.5°C/km). The higher thermal gradients are limited to the extreme northwestern corner of the study area where the Pierre and Carlile are present. The heat-flow density of 69-74 mW/m2 observed there is slightly higher than the average of 60 mW/m2 typical for central and eastern Kansas. The higher heat flow observed is in the range of data reported and mapped for northeastern Colorado and the Nebraska Panhandle on the western flank of the Chadron Arch, an area with geothermal overprint by warm fluids. Regional differences in heat flow in western Kansas seemingly are caused by the different composition, porosity, and permeability of the aquifer and the nearness to recharge areas.
Analyses of High-Calcium Chert-Free Beds in the Keokuk Limestone, Cherokee County, Kansas
Authors: Waugh Truman C.
Published: January 2025

Chemical and physical examination of the chert-free portions of the Keokuk Limestone (Mississippian) in Cherokee County, Kansas, showed it to be a high purity (mean 98.31% CaCO3), low silica (mean 0.24%), low iron (mean 0.12%) limestone of commercial quality. It is estimated that about 1 1/4 million tons of the high-calcium limestone are present. Analyses of the limestone are included. Loss on ignition rate was shown to increase when the samples were calcined under a nitrogen atmosphere.
Short Papers on Research in 1967
Authors: Zeller Doris E.
Published: January 2025

Nearly 200 batches of cellular concrete, foamed, were made of Kansas pozzolans with portland cement and were autoclaved. Volcanic ashes produced concretes having unusually high strength-density ratios. The desirable conditions of making such concretes were broadly determined. The compressive-strength-versus-dry-density relationships of the concretes that satisfied these conditions were about 1500 psi at 40 pcf to 3000 psi at 55 pcf. The moduli of elasticity agreed closely with those given by the 1963 ACI Code formula.
Technique for Determining Coccolith Abundance in Shaly Chalk of Greenhorn Limestone (Upper Cretaceous) of Kansas
Authors: Hattin Donald E. , Darko David A.
Published: January 2025

In samples of shaly chalk from the Greenhorn Limestone, coccolith abundance can be determined by means of a newly devised technique. A known volume of shaly chalk is disaggregated ultrasonically and the resulting sludge suspended in 2000 ml of water. A 0.001-ml aliquot of the suspension is then placed on a slide, dried, and covered. Using a polarizing microscope fitted with a mechanical stage, coccoliths are counted and the number on the slide is used to calculate total number in the suspension. Correction is made for portions of the original sample that did not disaggregate. Chief difficulty is in counting specimens that are clustered together on the slide. Duplicate counts were made for most samples, with results suggesting that the technique is valid.
Shaly chalk samples from a Mitchell County locality contain from 5 x 108 to 6 x 109 coccoliths per cubic centimeter. The lowest values are for samples adjacent to bentonite seams. Coccolith abundance in the Greenhorn samples compares favorably with estimates that have been made for Jurassic limestone of Dorset (England) and Franciscan limestone of California, and with some modern shelf deposits.
Modeling Discharge and Conservative Water Quality in the Lower Kansas River Basin
Authors: O'Brien Walter J. , MacRoberts Paul B. , Pogge Emest C. , Smith Robert L.
Published: January 2025

Daily discharge and conservative water quality predictions can be made for the lower Kansas River Basin with a relatively simple mathematical model suitable for use on a high speed digital computer. The model is based primarily on information available from the data acquisition network operated by the United States Geological Survey. The water quantity portion of the model has been tested for hydrologic accuracy by the reconstitution of eight observed discharge records each of 36 days duration. The water quality aspect of the model has been evaluated by comparing observed and predicted concentrations of individual dissolved ions at selected locations in the basin.
Potential uses for this type of model include evaluation of proposed reservoir operating policies on downstream water quality, investigation of the effects of irrigated agriculture on surface water resources of a region, and determination of the impact of industrial development on water quality.
Limitations and potential improvements to the model are discussed.
KEY WORDS: Water quality, Models, Hydrology, Geology.
A high-throughput ancient DNA extraction method for large-scale sample screening v1
Authors: Gilardet Alexandre , Lord Edana
Published: January 2025

Large-scale DNA screening of paleontological and archeological collections remains a limiting and costly factor for ancient DNA studies. Several DNA extraction protocols are routinely used in ancient DNA laboratories and have even been automated on robotic platforms. Robots offer a solution for high-throughput screening but the costs, as well as necessity for trained technicians and engineers, can be prohibitive for some laboratories. Here we present a high-throughput alternative to robot-based ancient DNA extraction using a 96-column plate. When compared to routine single MinElute columns, we retrieved highly similar endogenous DNA contents, an important metric in ancient DNA screening. Mitogenomes with a coverage depth greater than 0.1X could be generated and allowed for taxonomic assignment. However, average fragment lengths, DNA damage and library complexities significantly differed between methods but these differences became non-significant after modification of our library purification protocol. Our high-throughput extraction method allows generation of 96 extracts within approximately four hours of laboratory work while bringing the cost down by ~39% compared to using single columns. Additionally, we formally demonstrate that the addition of Tween-20 during the elution step results in higher complexity libraries, thereby enabling higher genome coverage for the same sequencing effort.
Comparative Evaluation of Individual and Pooled Sequencing for Population Genomics Assessment v1
Authors: Gillman Luciana , Condon Federico
Published: January 2025

This protocol evaluates individual sequencing (ind-seq) and pooled sequencing (pool-seq) datasets, comparing the results obtained with each method. It investigates the correlation between allele frequencies calculated using both approaches to compare their efficacy. Genetic diversity and population structure are also analyzed using both methods. These comparisons explicitly account for the potential effects of sample size, missing data, sequencing depth, and minor allele frequencies.
New evidence about malignant transformation of endometriosis - systematic review v1
Authors: Ioannidou Alexandra , Machairiotis Nikolaos
Published: January 2025

Background:Endometriosis is a disorder in which the presence of endometrial-like tissue is found outside the uterus and affects 5-15% of women. It may undergo malignant transformation, generally presenting with ovarian cancers of endometrioid and clear cell adenocarcinomas, in 0.5-1% of women. Genetic mutations lead to disruption in chromatin remodeling, particularly targeting ARID1A, and activation of oncogenic pathways, which include targets such as the mTOR pathway.Methods:Thesearch in PubMed, Europe PMC, and Google Scholar will be done comprehensively using the keywords "endometriosis," "malignant transformation," and "cancer" for articles ever published until December 2024.Only those studies will be included that provided information specifically on the malignant transformation of endometriosis. Studies with a random diagnosis of cancer among endometriosispatients will be excluded.Data will be extracted by two authors using predefined criteria.
La metodología jurídica de Savigny
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Mantilla Pineda Benigno
Published: January 2025

La metodología jurídica de Savigny
Expulsión de extranjeros: La aplicación de la Convención sobre los Derecho del Niño en la jurisprudencia chilena
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Díaz-Tolosa Regina Ingrid
Published: January 2025

Los tribunales de justicia como órganos del Estado están obligados a respetar y promover los derechos humanos. Chile es un Estado miembro de los sistemas internacionales de protección de estos derechos, por tanto, debiese aplicar las normas internacionales protectoras de los derechos de los migrantes en la revisión judicial de órdenes de expulsión. Este artículo revisa si la jurisprudencia chilena aplica normas internacionales en los juicios de amparos que tienen por objeto reclamar de órdenes de expulsión en el período 2008-18. El análisis muestra que no existe una tendencia mayoritaria a la aplicación directa del derecho internacional, quizás porque, si bien los tratados sobre derechos humanos han sido ratificados y puestos en vigencia interna, la vetusta legislación interna migratoria no incorpora expresamente estos estándares. Las cortes refieren expresamente a los tratados internacionales solo en un 10 % de la muestra. El tratado más utilizado ha sido la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño, seguido por la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. La protección de la familia o los principios de la unidad familiar y del interés superior del niño han sido identificados como parámetros relevantes a considerar antes de dar a lugar a la expulsión de un extranjero.Los tribunales de justicia como órganos del Estado están obligados a respetar y promover los derechos humanos. Chile es un Estado miembro de los sistemas internacionales de protección de estos derechos, por tanto, debiese aplicar las normas internacionales protectoras de los derechos de los migrantes en la revisión judicial de órdenes de expulsión. Este artículo revisa si la jurisprudencia chilena aplica normas internacionales en los juicios de amparos que tienen por objeto reclamar de órdenes de expulsión en el período 2008-18. El análisis muestra que no existe una tendencia mayoritaria a la aplicación directa del derecho internacional, quizás porque, si bien los tratados sobre derechos humanos han sido ratificados y puestos en vigencia interna, la vetusta legislación interna migratoria no incorpora expresamente estos estándares. Las cortes refieren expresamente a los tratados internacionales solo en un 10 % de la muestra. El tratado más utilizado ha sido la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño, seguido por la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. La protección de la familia o los principios de la unidad familiar y del interés superior del niño han sido identificados como parámetros relevantes a considerar antes de dar a lugar a la expulsión de un extranjero.
DIGITALISATION AND CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN DELIBERATIVE PROCESSES
Authors:   V.M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,  Ukraine, Marko Oleksiy
Published: January 2025

The article notes that digital technologies and resources are defining new institutional environments with more transparent and direct decision-making processes, e-governance enables more efficient management processes, and digital communication tools enhance political debate and participation through e-voting. These tools provide civil society with more effective tools to hold political elites accountable or access to new platforms or other infrastructures that enable deeper citizen engagement.
The main drawback of digitalisation is that these processes do not cover the entire population, leading to a growing digital divide and inequality. Unequal access to technology is caused by: the digital divide; digital exclusion; and digital ignorance. However, despite these shortcomings, digitalisation opens up new opportunities for the use of deliberative instruments. One of the main advantages of deliberative discourse is its ability to balance the positions of all participants, regardless of how many people they represent, as they are presented on an equal footing with equal voice.
The author analyses the practice and prospects of using such deliberative instruments using digitalisation opportunities in Ukraine as special applications («Diia», the Unified State Portal of Electronic Services, etc. ) and legislative support for public consultations, which must be held in electronic form on the development, formation and implementation of state policy in the relevant area, and on solving local issues through the preparation of draft policy documents and regulatory acts to reconcile public and private interests.
Why don’t transformers think like humans?
Authors: Khomyakov A. B.
Published: January 2025

Large language models in the form of chatbots very realistically imitate a dialogue as an omniscient interlocutor and therefore have become widespread. But even Google in its Gemini chatbot does not recommend trusting what the chatbot will write and asks to check its answers. In this review, various types of LLM errors such as the curse of inversion, number processing, etc. will be analyzed to identify their causes. Such an analysis led to the conclusion about the common causes of all errors, which is that transformers do not have deep analogy, hierarchy of schemes and selectivity of content taken into account in the inference. But the most important conclusion is that transformers, like other neural networks, are built on the concept of processing the input signal, which creates a strong dependence on superficial noise and irrelevant information that the transformer’s attention layer cannot compensate for. The concept of neural networks was laid down in the 1950s by the idea of F. Rosenblatt’s perceptron and did not take into account the achievements of cognitive psychology that appeared later. According to the constructivist paradigm, the input word (or perception) is only a way to check the correctness of the constructed predictive model for possible situations. This is the cause of the biggest problem of transformers, called hallucinations. And its elimination is possible only by changing the architecture of the neural network, but not by increasing the amount of data in training.
D-dimer as a predictor of severity and outcome in acute pancreatitis
Authors: A Joseph , CP Harikrishnan , AN Oommen , A Nair
Published: January 2025

This prospective observational study, conducted at Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, explored the role of D-dimer as a predictive marker for the severity and outcomes of acute pancreatitis. A total of 60 patients diagnosed through clinical, biochemical, and imaging criteria were included. The study demonstrated a significant correlation between elevated D-dimer levels and the severity of acute pancreatitis, classified according to the Atlanta criteria. Specifically, D-dimer levels ≥2528 ng/L were strongly associated with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), while levels ≤1871 ng/L were primarily linked to mild cases. The study identified a D-dimer cutoff value of 1871 ng/L as an effective predictor of complications, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, yielding 87.5% sensitivity, 83.3% specificity, a positive predictive value of 77.78%, a negative predictive value of 90.90%, and 85% overall accuracy. In addition to severity prediction, the study examined the association between D-dimer levels and the need for supportive interventions. These findings suggest that D-dimer is a valuable biomarker for early risk stratification and could aid in guiding therapeutic decisions in the management of acute pancreatitis. The study emphasizes the importance of conducting larger, multi-center trials to validate these findings and to better understand the prognostic value of D-dimer in diverse clinical settings, potentially enhancing early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies for patients with acute pancreatitis.