bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theologica Paradoxa
Authors: Mjaaland Marius Timmann
Published: June 2021

In der Heidelberger Disputation (1518) lehnt Luther die aristotelische Anthropologie und den scholastischen Gottesbegriff ab. Stattdessen behauptet er die Einheit der Verborgenheit Gottes am Kreuz und der paradoxalen Liebe Gottes zu den Menschen. Nicht nur in diesem Fall, sondern dauerhaft und durchgehend scheint die polemische und zugespitzte Form der Disputation die evangelische Theologie geprägt zu haben – im Guten wie im Schlechten. Ich gehe daher der Frage nach, wie die Sprachformen der Disputation und des Dialogs dieses Denken diskursiv formatiert haben. Die sokratische Wahrheitssuche einerseits und die scholastische Polemik andererseits haben m. E. diese Denkform tiefgehend beeinflusst. Mit seiner Schrifthermeneutik spitzt aber Luther die theologische Wahrheitsbehauptung noch einmal zu. Theodor Dieter lehnt aber Luthers Disjunktion zwischen Selbstliebe und Kreuzesliebe als weder schlüssig noch besonders überzeugend ab. Gegen Dieter schlage ich vor, dieses Denken anders zu interpretieren, und zwar vom Paradox her. Dadurch komme ich zu einer neuen Antwort auf die alte Frage nach dem Schibboleth, dem Grundprinzip und der Erkennbarkeit einer „evangelischen“ Sprache.
3D Reconstructions as Research Hubs: Geospatial Interfaces for Real-Time Data Exploration of Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam Domestic Interiors
Authors: Huurdeman Hugo , Piccoli Chiara
Published: June 2021

This paper presents our ongoing work in the Virtual Interiors project, which aims to develop 3D reconstructions as geospatial interfaces to structure and explore historical data of seventeenth-century Amsterdam. We take the reconstruction of the entrance hall of the house of the patrician Pieter de Graeff (1638–1707) as our case study and use it to illustrate the iterative process of knowledge creation, sharing, and discovery that unfolds while creating, exploring and experiencing the 3D models in a prototype research environment. During this work, an interdisciplinary dataset was collected, various metadata and paradata were created to document both the sources and the reasoning process, and rich contextual links were added. These data were used as the basis for creating a user interface for an online research environment, taking design principles and previous user studies into account. Knowledge is shared by visualizing the 3D reconstructions along with the related complexities and uncertainties, while the integration of various underlying data and Linked Data makes it possible to discover contextual knowledge by exploring associated resources. Moreover, we outline how users of the research environment can add annotations and rearrange objects in the scene, facilitating further knowledge discovery and creation.
Future directions of environmental chemistry
Authors: Jiang Xuefeng
Published: June 2021

The Earth’s environment is mainly composed of the aerosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, which constitute a large interactive system. Once entering the environment, chemical pollutants will migrate and transform through the atmosphere, water, soil, rock, and organisms, and thus retain in all layers. For example, heavy metal pollutants can be found not only in the hydrosphere, pedosphere, lithosphere, but also in organisms via food chain and air in the form of solid dust. Therefore, it is not reasonable to study a certain pollutant restricted to a single layer.
Future directions of catalytic chemistry
Authors: Chen Hui , Liu Yipu , Zhang Bo , Zou Xiaoxin
Published: June 2021

The philosophy of sustainable development is prevailing worldwide, and will probably bring about a society revolution trend in the future. Catalytic chemistry will play a crucial role in sustainable economic development since at least a catalytic process is involved in almost all-important areas of chemical industry, such as synthesis of chemicals and materials, energy production and conversion as well as pollution abatement and environmental protection. In this paper, we attempt to summarize three common critical directions for catalysis research, in order to meet future needs for sustainable economic development. (i) The discovery of high-performance catalysts will evolve from trial-and-error to rational design. This is due to the maturing theory-experiment joint research schemes and the increasing abilities to explore dynamic nature of catalysts under reaction conditions. (ii) The catalysis for the transition of energy and chemicals generation from oil and coal to more renewable sources will be highly pursued. (iii) The catalysis for cleaner chemical processes will be another active research direction. In Sections “Sustainable catalysis for renewable fuels and chemicals” and “Ecologically clean catalytic process”, some important examples are discussed especially.
Hitzeextreme als Risiko für Frühgeburten und Totgeburten
Authors: Niebuhr Dea , Henny Annette Grewe
Published: June 2021

Schwangere werden selten als gefährdete Gruppe der hitzebedingten Exzessmortalität erkannt. Fünf systematische Reviews zwischen 2011 und 2020 zeigen deutliche Hinweise, dass Hitzeextreme sich negativ auf die Gesundheit von Ungeborenen und Neugeborenen auswirken können. Wenn auch steigende Früh- und Totgeburtenraten nicht kausal auf extreme Hitze zurückgeführt werden können, sind die Hinweise ausreichend, um den Schutz von Schwangeren in regionalen Hitzeaktionsplänen zu fordern.
Versorgung von Frauen mit Behinderungen in der Geburtshilfe
Authors: Schildberger Barbara , Zenzmaier Christoph , König-Bachmann Martina
Published: June 2021

Eine Schwangerschaft stellt im Leben von Frauen eine besondere Zeit dar, welche begleitet von unterschiedlichen psychischen und körperlichen Veränderungen einer guten Betreuung bedarf. In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojektes vorgestellt, das die Versorgung von Frauen mit sensorischen oder körperlichen Behinderungen während Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett analysierte. Ziel war unterstützende aber auch diskriminierende Versorgungsstrukturen und Betreuungsstandards zu identifizieren. Entstigmatisierung, Optimierung der baulichen Gegebenheiten sowie Aufbau einer adäquaten Handlungs- und Kommunikationskompetenz bei den betreuenden Personen gelten demnach als Eckpfeiler einer qualitativ hochwertigen Versorgung von Frauen mit Behinderungen.
Emotionale Objekte und die Last der Vergangenheit
Authors: Jandl Ingeborg
Published: June 2021

In many literary texts the haptic symbolism of transgenerational trauma is illustrated by objects. Inherited artefacts are in this understanding symbolic as well as indexical: e. g. when amulets, that are worn around the neck, illustrate a burden inherited from earlier generations. Such a meaning becomes often evident already in the symbolic act of passing down an object to a successor. The paper lays its focus especially on motifs of interaction between characters and objects that illustrate their coping with the emotional charge of the past. This is to shed light on the emotional value of different objects and on the mimesis of the physiologically perceived burdens of trauma.
Literatization vs. Civilization: A Preliminary Comparison of the Development of Sport in China and the West with a Focus on Violence
Authors: Tang Chih-Chieh
Published: June 2021

This article highlights the differences in the civilizing process in China by examining the development of sport. Focusing on the problem of violence, it shows how the evolution of forms of differentiation caused the decline of the violent gamejijuand the rise of the elegant gamechuiwanas China transformed from a strictly stratifiedmendirank society to an open gentry society of greater functional differentiation. The development of the entertainment industry of cuju rather than a function system of sport documented an idiosyncratic literatization. This resulted from the structure of the first post-aristocratic society as a meritocratic commoner society. The unique yin/yang dual structure as a compromise of functional differentiation with hierarchical order brought about a paradoxical domestication of violence.
Kartellrechtliche Erfahrungssätze – Erfahrungssatzbasierte Anscheinsbeweise und tatsächliche Vermutungen
Authors: Dreher Meinrad , Vollkammer Jan
Published: June 2021

Europäische und nationale Kartellbehörden sowie Gerichte berufen sich immer häufiger auf Erfahrungssätze oder auf sonstige erfahrungsbasierte Beweiserleichterungen. In der Rechtspraxis erfolgt die erfahrungssatzbasierte Beweisführung regelmäßig ohne ausreichende Herleitung, inhaltliche Fundierung und begriffliche Differenzierung. Dem Beitrag geht es vor dem Hintergrund und der bisher weitgehend fehlenden literarischen Aufarbeitung dieser Entwicklungen um eine Bestandsaufnahme, eine systematische Einordnung und daraus abzuleitende Folgerungen für das Kartell(verfahrens)recht.
Relative Marktmacht im D-A-CH-Rechtsraum: Rechtsvergleichung, Ökonomie und Digitalisierung
Authors: Bueren Eckart , Wolf-Posch Anna , Picht Peter Georg
Published: June 2021

Die deutschen, österreichischen und schweizerischen Verhaltenskontrollregeln für relativ marktmächtige Unternehmen basieren auf einem ähnlichen Grundkonzept der relativen Marktmacht, das auf bilaterale Abhängigkeiten infolge fehlender Ausweichoptionen abstellt und rechtsökonomisch betrachtet zwischen Vertragstheorie und Wettbewerbspolitik steht. Rechtspolitischer Hintergrund, (zu erwartende) Durchsetzungsintensität sowie Struktur und Dogmatik der Missbrauchstatbestände weisen hingegen Unterschiede auf, wie etwa die Flankierung des Missbrauchs relativer Marktmacht durch ergänzende Gesetze oder das schweizspezifische Vorgehen gegen hohe Inlandspreise. In allen drei Rechtsordnungen bringt die digitale Transformation von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft neue Wettbewerbsgefährdungen (z. B. Tipping), möglicherweise eine Anwendungsintensivierung für das Konzept der relativen Marktmacht und sogar dessen freundlichere Bewertung aus der traditionell eher skeptischen ökonomischen Perspektive. Die herkömmliche Mittelstandsorientierung tritt dahinter zurück. Deutschland hat für den Digitalbereich schon neue Regeln gesetzt, in Österreich werden solche diskutiert. Zugleich zeigt der EU Digital Markets Act Parallelen zum Konzept der relativen Marktmacht, sodass sich diese beiden Rechtsinstrumente zu einem Wettbewerbsschutzrahmen unterhalb der Marktbeherrschungsschwelle zusammenfügen könnten. Ihre Abstimmung mit nicht-wettbewerbsrechtlichen Regelsystemen bleibt eine Aufgabe für die Zukunft.
Mercury porosimetry and x-ray microtomography for 3-dimensional characterization of multilayered paper: Nanofibrillated cellulose, thermomechanical pulp, and a layered structure involving both
Authors: Charfeddine Mohamed Ali , Bloch Jean-Francis , Mangin Patrice
Published: June 2021

Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) is an inexpensive and common technique to characterize porous structures like paper. One major limitation of MIP is the lack of information about the arrangement of pores in the structure, information that is particularly relevant for multilayer structures such as thickness-structured paper. In this article, results from Synchrotron X-ray 3D microtomography are combined with MIP data to provide in-depth and improved information about the structures.
Pseudo-lignin retarded bioconversion of sugarcane bagasse holocellulose after liquid hot water and acid pretreatments
Authors: Yang Haiyan , Zhu Yuanchen , Jin Yan , Lei Fuhou , Shi Zhengjun , Yang Jing
Published: June 2021

Pseudo-lignin derived from the condensation of carbohydrate degradation products can retard the bioconversion of lignocellulose. In this work, liquid hot water (150 to 190 °C) and 1% H2SO4 pretreatments (130 to 190 °C) were used on sugarcane bagasse holocellulose for 3 h to generate pseudo-lignin. The effects of pseudo-lignin generation on structural characteristics and bioconversion of substrates were evaluated. The results showed that the formation of pseudo-lignin increased the hydrophobicity of the substrates. After LHW pretreatments and acid pretreatments at low temperatures (<150 °C), most of the xylans were removed, yielding 2.1 to 5.4% pseudo-lignin. Increasing acid pretreatment temperature to 170 and 190 °C yielded 34.3% and 93.6% pseudo-lignin, respectively. After pretreatment, the accessibilities and bioconversions of substrates were enhanced by degradation of xylans, increasing glucose conversions and bioethanol productions of substrates from 53.2 to 85.3%, and 9.9 to 13.1 g/L, respectively. However, large amounts of pseudo-lignin were generated during acid pretreatments at 170 °C, reducing glucose conversion and bioethanol yield to 45.6% and 6.3 g/L, respectively.
UV SPECTROSCOPY AND KINETIC RESEARCH OF PHOTODEGRADATION OF METHYL ORANGE IN THE PRESENCE OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND β-CYCLODEXTRIN OR ITS DERIVATIVES
Authors:   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Bardadym Yu.V. , Kobylinskyi S.M. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Kobrina L.V. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Riabov S.V. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The research is devoted to the study of the effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives on the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange in aqueous solutions in the presence of titanium dioxide. It has been shown that the kinetics of photodegradation of methyl orange is more accurately described by the pseudo first order equation for all investigated pH values. In the presence of cyclodextrins β-CD and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, acceleration of photodegradation was observed only after 30 min of irradiation. As a result, the oxidation of hydroxyl groups of cyclodextrin occurred. A significant slowdown in photodestruction in the TiO2-β-CD sample during the first 45 min is explained by the formation of inclusion complexes of cyclodextrin with methyl orange, which prevented the destruction of dye. The use of the β-cyclodextrin, its derivatives and increasing the acidity of the medium accelerates the processes of photodestruction of methyl orange in distilled and natural waters. Methyl orange was decolorized for 20 – 25 min in solutions of all investigated cyclodextrin derivatives at pH 2.5. The destruction of methyl orange was most effective with the use of sulfobutyl ether β-CD. The bactericidal lamp (λ = 254 nm) allows to increase the rate of destruction during the irradiation process. Methyl orange discolored much faster under the action of a bactericidal lamp than using only ultraviolet lamps with λ = 365 nm. A slight slowdown in the decomposition process is observed after several irradiation cycles. This may be due to the influence of the formed products of destruction. However, under such conditions, the by-products of reactions decompose much faster. The use of cyclodextrins is possible without significant loss of efficiency up to 8 cycles.
YUCA: PAN Y CARNE, UNA ALTERNATIVA POTENCIAL PARA HACER FRENTE AL HAMBRE OCULTA
Authors: Diaz Tatis Paula , López Carrascal Camilo Ernesto
Published: June 2021

Uno de los retos que encara la humanidad es asegurar la alimentación y la adecuada nutrición para los cerca de ocho billones de habitantes del planeta. Las raíces de yuca constituyen la cuarta fuente más importante de calorías para la población humana siendo uno de los pilares de la seguridad alimentaria. Las raíces de yuca no poseen atributos nutricionales adecuados. Aunque existen variedades con valores relativamente altos de estos compuestos, sus valores están lejos de los necesarios para asegurar los requerimientos mínimos de la población humana. Las hojas de yuca poseen valores altos de contenido proteico, minerales y vitaminas, por lo que representan una fuente nutricional alternativa. Sin embargo, el consumo de hojas de yuca en América Latina es escaso o nulo como consecuencia de los altos niveles de cianuro que poseen. En algunos países de África y Asia las hojas se consumen a través de diversas recetas que incluye su cocción, eliminando así una gran cantidad del contenido cianógeno. En esta revisión se presenta un panorama general de la importancia nutricional de la yuca, las diferentes estrategias de mejoramiento genético clásico y no convencional destinados a incrementar los contenidos nutricionales de raíces y la importancia de la explotación de la variabilidad intrínseca de la yuca como una fuente de variedades y genes que puedan contribuir a la implementación de estrategias encaminadas a desarrollar materiales con los requerimientos nutricionales adecuados. Finalmente, se presenta el potencial que tienen las hojas de yuca para ser empleadas dentro de programas complementarios destinados a mejorar la calidad nutricional de la población humana.
TOXICIDAD AGUDA DEL HERBICIDA PARAQUAT EN Oreochromis niloticus (CICHLIDAE) Y Macrobrachium olfersii (PALAEMONIDAE).
Authors: Gil Díaz David , Navarrete Rodríguez Gabycarmen , Castañeda Chávez María del Refugio , Galaviz Villa Itzel , Sosa Villalobos Cinthya Alejandra
Published: June 2021

El Paraquat es un herbicida utilizado en la actividad agropecuaria para controlar hierbas, su modo de acción es por medio de contacto y no selectivo. Debido a su alta solubilidad en agua y baja volatilidad representa un riesgo potencial para organismos acuáticos, principalmente los que son cultivados con aguas superficiales que reciben impacto de la actividad agrícola. La tilapia Oreochromis niloticusy el langostino Macrobrachium olfersiison organismos de importancia comercial para la industria acuícola del estado de Veracruz, México.El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la Concentración Letal Media (CL50) del herbicida Dasurquat® (ingrediente activo Paraquat) a través de un bioensayo de toxicidad aguda (96 horas). Se utilizaron como especímenes de prueba a juveniles de tilapia O. niloticus(peso promedio = 10 mg, longitud total= 8,75 mm) y otro el ensayo fue con poslarvas de langostino M. olfersii(peso promedio = 5 mg, longitud total= 5,72 mm). Se emplearon cinco concentraciones (5, 10, 20, 40 y 80 µl L-1para el bioensayo con juveniles de tilapia; para el bioensayo con poslarvas de langostino las concentraciones fueron  0,1, 0,2, 0,5, 0,7 y 1 µl L-1). El diseño experimental consideró un control negativo, con dos repeticiones y dos réplicas por cada tratamiento. El análisis de datos se realizó con el método Probit para determinar la CL50a 96 horas, se obtuvo un valor para juveniles de O. niloticusde 17,49 µl L-1con intervalo de confianza (95 %) con límite inferior de 13,75 µl L-1y límite superior 22,25 µl L-1, para las larvas de M. olfersiise obtuvo un valor de 0,31 µl L-1con intervalo de confianza (95 %) con límite inferior de 0,26 µl L-1y límite superior 0,35 µl L-1. El análisis de varianza demostró que no existió diferencia estadística significativa (p > 0.05) entre las réplicas de los tratamientos. Se concluye que es necesario continuar con estudios para evaluar su toxicidad en organismos acuáticos debido al amplio uso de este herbicida en la actividad agropecuaria, y determinar su riesgo para otras actividades productivas además de la acuicola.
Juó Bananére, um escritor íntalo-brasiliano
Authors: Antunes Benedito
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como finalidade analisar a linguagem de Juó Bananére, pseudônimo de Alexandre Ribeiro Marcondes Machado (1892-1933), procurando compreender suas implicações literárias e históricas no contexto brasileiro do início do século XX. Baseando-se no linguajar do imigrante italiano, que misturava o português com o italiano, o autor criou a representação cômica desse imigrante, que enfrenta dificuldades para se inserir na sociedade brasileira. Destaca-se nessa figura o estilo macarrônico por meio do qual foram abordados diversos temas de ordem social, política, histórica e cultural, em especial a literária. Propõe-se aqui examinar especificamente a face de escritor dessa personagem, que se declarava poeta, barbeiro e jornalista, a fim de se observar de que maneira ela representa, mais do que a situação do imigrante italiano, a condição do Brasil como país colonizado que vive as contradições resultantes desse processo. A abordagem da figura de Juó Bananére dialoga com estudos específicos sobre o autor, enquanto as questões relacionadas à condição colonial brasileira inspiram-se em sugestões de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda.
A memória como recurso narrativo e como resistência ao patriarcado em “A velha da sacola” e “Uma fantasia para Sofia”, de Henriette Effenberger
Authors: Bonifácio Junior Sebastião
Published: June 2021

No presente trabalho, existe a preocupação de abordar uma característica bastante peculiar de determinados textos literários contemporâneos: a narrativa motivada pela memória. Tal mecanismo funciona, nos contos A velha da sacola e Uma fantasia para Sofia – ambos presentes na coletânea Fissuras (2018), de Henriette Effenberger –, como a rememoração de problemas relacionados ao patriarcado, tendo como consequência a quebra da construção hegemônica dos papeis femininos exercidos pelas protagonistas. Para embasar nossa discussão, utilizamos, primordialmente, os livros Tempo passado: cultura da memória e guinada subjetiva (2007), de Beatriz Sarlo, e Memória e identidade (2012), de Joël Candau, bem como outras reflexões teóricas relacionadas ao assunto.
Tempo passado e tempo presente
Authors: Kohlrausch Regina
Published: June 2021

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Diagnosed changes of bone mineral density and level of calciotropic hormones in children with juvenile hyperthyroidism
Authors:   Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Endocrinology named after academician Ya.Kh.Turakulov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Muratova S.T.
Published: June 2021

The development of the skeletal system occur during childhood. Thyroid hormones play an important role in the skeleton's maturation and maintenance of the structure and mass of bones. Juvenile hyperthyroidism affects bone metabolism. This study aimed to identify abnormalities in bone mineral density and the level of calciotropic hormones in juvenile hyperthyroidism to further improve the diagnosis of complications of juvenile hyperthyroidism. Materials and methods. The study was conducted by 21 health controls and 71 children and adolescents with juvenile hyperthyroidism. Anthropometric indicators were calculated using the WHO Anthro Plus personal computer software. Thyroid status and thyroid antibodies, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase were determined using a closed-type immunochemistry analyzer Cobas e 411 Hitachi company Hoffman Le Roche (Switzerland) and its reagents. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy absorptiometry on a Stratos X-ray densitometer from Diagnostic Medical Systems, France. Results. In juvenile hypertrichosis, in comparison with the control, significantly low values of vitamin D and calcium in the blood serum were noted, the mean values of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase were substantially higher. There was no significant difference in the levels of parathyroid hormone and phosphorus in the blood serum in the compared groups. In 45.1% of patients, a decrease in bone mass was diagnosed compared to the age norm. A reliable direct correlation of vitamin D and calcium with bone density was revealed in all X-ray densitometry parameters and a reliable inverse correlation of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density. Osteocalcin had a stronger inverse correlation with all dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry parameters and became a better biomarker than alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions. There is a decrease in bone mineral density in children with juvenile hyperthyroidism. Changes in the level of calciotropic hormones indicate a deranged bone metabolism. Serum osteocalcin can be used as a biomarker of bone metabolism in children with juvenile hyperthyroidism. It is recommended to assess the bones' condition during the initial examination of children with juvenile hyperthyroidism. The study was carried out following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the parents of the children was obtained for the research. The author declares no conflicts of interest. Key words: juvenile hyperthyroidism, children, adolescents, bone mineral density; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, osteocalcin, vitamin D.
Use of alpha-casozepine (Lactium®) and vitamin B6 in clinical practice (literature review)
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Marushko Yu.V. , Hyshchak T.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The article summarizes the literature data on the use of alpha-casozepine and its combination with vitamin B6 in clinical practice. It has been found that the properties of alpha-casozepine are similar to those of the benzodiazepine family of drugs, with the exception of such concomitant side effects of these drugs as addiction or sedation. Therefore, today alpha-casozepine has been increasingly used as a dietary supplement to improve sleep and to relieve stress disorders. The anxiolytic effects of alpha-casozepine have been confirmed in many experimental models over the past 20 years. It has been found that alpha-casozepin affects sleep by modulating its architecture, but has almost no sedative effect, which makes it similar to melatonin since both facilitate, rather than induce, sleep. The effect of alpha-casozepine on sleep is associated with GABA receptors. It was found that with transport of the peptide across the blood-brain barrier, the C-terminal residue of tryptophan, a precursor of serotonin, is released, which is an important neurotransmitter in the regulation of mood and satiety. Direct modulation of GABA receptors by alpha-casozepin, including in the neurons of the hypothalamus, has been proven. According to the results of clinical trials, alpha-casozepine has a positive effect on both physical and psychological symptoms of anxiety. It has been shown that the use of alpha-casozepine promotes faster recovery after a stress response, which is manifested by lower blood pressure and heart rate during the relaxation period (after stress) compared with the rest period (before stress induction). Studies show that anxiolytic peptides derived from milk are promising for use in a wide range of functional disorders of the nervous system, sleep disorders, anxiety, in the treatment of patients with arterial dystonia, including in childhood. It is worth noting the use of a combination of alpha-casozepine (Lactium®) and vitamin B6, including in children, because such a combination promotes good absorption of the drug and a positive effect on the nervous system. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: alpha(casozepine, lactium, anxiety, sleep.
MODEL OF INFORMATION INTERACTION BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF MULTILEVEL SYSTEM OF DIGITAL TWINS
Authors: Vorobeva Gulnara , Vorobev Andrei
Published: June 2021

One of the solutions to the problem of spatio-temporal data anisotropy is the use of a multilevel system of digital twins based on the corresponding industry models and the updated archive data base. The application of this approach has successfully proved itself in information systems for monitoring the parameters of the geomagnetic field and its variations, providing spatio-temporal interpolation of geomagnetic data with an accuracy of 0.81 nT in magnetically quiet periods. At the same time, the problem of information interaction between the levels of the system of digital twins remained unresolved, which is greatly aggravated by the constantly growing volume of data and their heterogeneous nature. The paper proposes a solution to the indicated problem by means of a formalized mechanism for packaging space-time information, in which the identification of data sources is performed on the basis of a hierarchical binary tokenization system. In addition, the proposed software implementation of such an approach is considered, a distinctive feature of which is the combination of traditional clientserver and innovative serverless architectures to implement a highly loaded reactive web application for working with analyzed data. The main stages of the implementation of information interaction are highlighted and programmatically formalized - from obtaining initial information from its sources to verifying data, analyzing them, processing and forming the output information flow of the system. The results of the computational experiments carried out on the example of the problem of monitoring the parameters of the Earth's magnetic field and its variations confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, expressed both in increasing the reactivity of web-based applications and in increasing the computational speed of formation and filling of information storages that aggregate information from distributed heterogeneous sources.
Democratic Backsliding in Poland on Example Drafts Amendments in Electoral Code During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (Poland), Skrzypek Maciej
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic occurred in Poland during the campaign before the presidential election scheduled for May 10. This non-military threat changed the election campaign’s dynamics, leading to an unprecedented failure to hold elections and postponing them. Around the changes in the election procedure, many constitutionalists and political scientists voiced their inconsistency with the law and the provisions of the Constitutional Tribunal. Both the proposed provisions and the manner of their organization raised objections. The article classifies these changes as manifestations of democratic backsliding, weakening democratic institutions and leading to a decline in the quality of democracy. The research goal is to analyze the records in the selected source material and relate them to the selected theoretical category (democratic backsliding). In the course of the research, the following hypothesis is verified: in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland, attempts by the ruling elite to change the provisions related to organizing the presidential elections scheduled for May 10 are an example of democratic backsliding, which, by weakening democratic institutions, has threatened the constitutional provisions and the essence of the democratic system.
Peculiar velocities of supernovae Ia in clusters of galaxies
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Balakina E. A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Pruzhinskaya M. V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sternberg Astronomical Institute
Published: June 2021

Observations of supernovae Ia make it possible to estimate the values of cosmological parameters using the Hubble diagram. First of all, such observations give us a value of the Hubble constant, which is one of the most important cosmological parameters. Improving the accuracy of measurements of this parameter is a priority for modern cosmological analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the influence of the peculiar velocities of supernovae Ia on the measurement of the redshift, which is used in constructing the Hubble diagram. We study the contribution of peculiar velocities due to the motion of host galaxies in the gravitational field of galaxy clusters for a cosmological sample of supernovae Pantheon.
Analysis of photometric observations of the variable HS 2231+2441
Authors:   Kazan Federal University
Published: June 2021

The paper analyzes photometric observations and determines the parameters of a young precataclesmic variable with the subdwarf B, HS 2231+2441. During differential processing of observations, the light curves of the object in the V and R bands were constructed. Their model analysis was carried using models of irradiated stellar atmospheres with the combined consideration of the effects of reflection and nonsphericity of the components. As a result of the optimal description of the observed light curves, some of the parameters of the system were redefined: the inclination angle and semi-major axis of the orbit, the radii and masses of the components of HS 2231+2441. The resulting set of parameters is in good agreement with modern ideas about the characteristics of such systems.
Identification of extragalactic star forming complexes
Authors:   Moscow State University, Lisitsin D. D. , Kuzin A. V. ,   Moscow State University
Published: June 2021

We developed a technique for selecting star forming complexes in external galaxies based on an analysis of radiation maps in various spectral bands. Using this method, we identified star formation complex candidates in 17 nearby galaxies applying three criteria. These criteria are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission, dust emission, and ultraviolet young star emission. Relating the information derived from these criteria, we made a sample of star forming regions suitable for revealing correlations between various star formation tracers.
Photometric calibration of 28-cm telecsope of NCAS KFU by jointly modeling equations of transformations and the extinction
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Nikonorov I. N. , Zhuchkov Ya. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University
Published: June 2021

This work is devoted to study of transformations equations between Binstr, Ginstr, Rinstr photometric system of 28-cm Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope mounted in NCAS KFU to standard Johnson—Cousins BJ , VJ , RC using modern numerical methods. Observations of Landold Standards at the SA110 region were performed. Absolute photometry of selected stars was obtained with estimatiuon of observational errors. To transform the observational data into the standart system numerical model was built with the use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling. So, we found average parameters of transformations between systems (color reduction coefficients are 0.165, −0.120, −0.378 for B0 J , V 0 J , R0C in dependence of (B − G)0 instr, (G − R)0 instr, (G − R)0 instr respectievely) and medium extinction at the observational period (0.276, 0.205, 0.159 for Binstr, Ginstr, Rinstr respectievely).
Determination of the parameters of polar V379 Vir components, magnetic field and accretion
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Suslikov M. V. , Kolbin A. I. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University,   Special Astrophysical Observatory of RAS
Published: June 2021

In this work we performed a photometric and spectral study of the polar V379 Vir. We used the modeling of the IR light curves based on a simple model of cyclotrone radiation source, the method of synthetic photometry to fit the observed spectral distribution of the energy, as well as the modeling of the magnetic curve obtained from Zeeman splitting of the Hβ line to determine the parameters of the system. We managed to estimate the temperature of the white dwarf Teff = 11 450 K, the masses and radii of the primary and secondary components: M1 = 0.696 M , R1 = 0.011 R , M2 = 0.105 M , R2 = 0.14 R . The separation of the components was about 0.6 AU, and the inclination i lies in the range 47—60◦.
Estimates of non-thermal atmospheric loss of exoplanet GJ 436b due to dissociation processes H2
Authors:   Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Avtaeva A. A. ,   SAI MSU, Shematovich V. I. ,   Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2021

The contribution of the processes of dissociation of molecular hydrogen by hard ultraviolet (UV) radiation and the accompanying flux of photoelectrons to the formation of the fraction of suprathermal atomic hydrogen in the transition H2 −→ H region and the formation of the non-thermal escape flux from the extended upper atmosphere of the exoplanet — hot neptune GJ 436b — is estimated. The rate of formation and the energy spectrum of hydrogen atoms formed with an excess of kinetic energy during the dissociation of H2 are calculated.
Inverse Compton scattering of radiation of the central source as a mechanism for the formation of X-Ray radiation from kiloparsec jets of quasars
Authors:   Crimean Astrophysical Observatory RAS, Nazarov S. V. , Butuzova M. S. ,   Crimean Astrophysical Observatory RAS, Pushkarev A. B. ,   Crimean Astrophysical Observatory RAS
Published: June 2021

For the interpretation of X-ray radiation from kiloparsec jets of quasars, the inverse Compton scattering of the cosmic microwave background has been widely used for almost 20 years. A recent analysis of the Fermi-LAT observational data showed that this assumption is inapplicable for jets of several quasars. In this paper, we consider the inverse Compton scattering of photons from a central source as a possible mechanism for the formation of X-ray radiation from kiloparsec jets of the quasars PKS 0637–752, 3C 273, PKS 1510–089, and PKS 1045–188. Estimates of the angle between the line of sight and the velocity of kiloparsec jets are obtained. The predicted gamma-ray flux for all objects turned out to be below the upper limit on the flux from a kiloparsec jet obtained from the Fermi-LAT data. It is shown that our assumption about the mechanism of X-ray radiation from kiloparsec jets is consistent with all data of multiwavelength observations available to date.
Physical parameters of molecular clumps in the S254—S258 star formation region
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Popova E. A. , Ladeyschikov D. A. ,   Ural Federal University, Kirsanova M. S. ,   Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sobolev A. M. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: June 2021

This research is focusing on studying of physical parameters in the S254—S258 star-formation complex. The following parameters were derived: column densities, clump masses, and highdensity tracers optical depth, including CS and HCO+ molecules. Different gas and dust tracers maps were used, including CO molecular lines, Bolocam 1.1 mm continuum emission and near-infrared extinction map. We also used the available CS and HCO+ data, which cover part of the S254-S258 region to make conclusions regarding the distribution of highdensity gas. The resulted values of physical parameters obtained through different tracers are slightly different. The discussion about the possible reason for the difference is provided.
Estimation of the Yarkovsky effect on the example of the asteroid 1685 Toro (1948 OA)
Authors:   Crimean Astrophysical Observatory of RAS, Sannikova T. N.
Published: June 2021

On the example of 1685 Toro, secular drifts of orbital elements and the displacement from the unperturbed position were obtained using the analytical solution of the averaged equations of motion of the asteroid in the central gravitational field and additional perturbing acceleration, inversely proportional to the square of the distance to the Sun, in the frame of reference associated with the radius vector. The components of this acceleration are calculated based on the thermophysical characteristics of 1685 Toro within the framework of the Yarkovsky acceleration linear model for spherical asteroids.
Searching for close approaches of the stars pairs in the galactic disk with Gaia EDR3 data
Authors:   Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sizova M. D. , Vereshchagin S. V. ,   Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2021

Using calculations of the orbital motion around the Galactic center we searched for approaching stars on 5 Myr in the past and the future. We provide stars that approached up to 1 pc to each other. Considered process is important for researching the interstellar small bodies origin.
Mental health interventions implemented in the COVID-19 pandemic: what is the evidence?
Authors: Moreira Wanderson Carneiro , Sousa Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Santana Thiago da Silva , Zeitoune Regina Célia Gollner , Nóbrega Maria do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the evidence on mental health interventions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this scoping review was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Science Direct databases and in the medRxiv, bioRxiv, and PsyArXiv preprints servers using the descriptors “Covid-19”, “coronavirus infection”, “coronavirus”, “2019-nCoV”, “2019 novel coronavirus disease”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “health personnel”, “general public”, and “mental health”. Results: eight articles were selected and categorized into mental health interventions for the population, among which mental health interventions were for people diagnosed with suspicion/confirmed COVID-19 and mental health interventions for health professionals. Conclusion: telemonitoring, virtual games and strategies focused on social support and muscle relaxation techniques, characterized as non-pharmacological and low-cost, were shown as interventions, which, since they are effective, need to be encouraged and included in mental health care practices.
Care management in coping with COVID-19 at a teaching hospital
Authors: Bernardino Elizabeth , Nascimento Jaqueline Dias do , Raboni Sonia Mara , Sousa Solange Meira de
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the experience of implementing care management strategies in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic in a teaching hospital. Method: this is an experience report of the managers who work at the largest public hospital in Paraná with functions as Head of the Care Management Division, Head of the Care Lines Management Sector, Head of the Infectiology Unit and support team. Results: care management strategies were structured based on the service dynamics; physical structure; human Resources; professional and user safety. Final considerations: preparing for a pandemic involves measures that include modifying infrastructure and processes, managing employees and users, infection prevention strategies, and clinical recommendations. These measures are necessary to optimize the quality of care provided to users with COVID-19 and to reduce the risk of viral transmission to other users or health professionals.
Educational technology on COVID-19 for families of children and adolescents with sickle cell disease
Authors: Oliveira Patrícia Peres de , Gesteira Elaine Cristina Rodrigues , Souza Rhillary Lorraine de , Paula Nayara Cristine Protte de , Santos Letícia Camilo , Santos Walquíria Jesusmara dos , Silveira Edilene Aparecida Araújo da
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate educational technology on COVID-19 and essential care for families of children/adolescents with sickle cell disease. Methods: this is a methodological study, in three stages: 1) elaborated educational technology, using the Doak, Doak and Root theoretical-methodological model; 2) content and appearance validation by the content validity coefficient. Delphi technique was applied in two rounds (Delphi I [12 judges]/Delphi II [11 judges]); 3) conducting a pilot test with six families. Results: “Sickle cell disease and COVID-19: essential care” included: consequences of COVID-19 in sickle cell disease, guidelines for reducing the risks of contracting the virus and having complications, signs and symptoms of COVID-19, guidelines in case of child/adolescent with suspicion or symptoms of COVID-19. Global content validity coefficient (Delphi II): 0.98. Conclusion: educational technology presented content and appearance validity for families of children/adolescents with sickle cell disease, related to COVID-19.
O juízo da fama: moralidades e emoções nas narrativas testemunhais de conversão no mundo artístico evangélico
Authors: Bispo Raphael
Published: June 2021

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é investigar como se efetivam as relações das religiosidades evangélicas com os meios de comunicação na contemporaneidade com base em testemunhos de conversão de pessoas consideradas famosas e componentes do mundo artístico no Brasil. Tendo como apoio teórico-metodológico a antropologia das emoções e das moralidades, busca-se discorrer ao longo do texto acerca dos estilos discursivos dessas narrativas testemunhais. Os juízos da fama, isto é, as avaliações e os julgamentos morais das experiências vivenciadas no show business brasileiro pelas artistas evangélicas aqui estudadas versam sobre o bem e o mal, o renome e o esquecimento, as alegrias e os sofrimentos, interpretações que acompanham os movimentos típicos de carreiras instáveis construídas no contexto da indústria cultural.
Avaliação da gestão municipal na promoção do uso racional de medicamentos em municípios de médio e grande porte de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Monteiro Elis Roberta , Lacerda Josimari Telino de , Natal Sônia
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Este artigo teve o objetivo de avaliar a gestão municipal na promoção do uso racional de medicamentos nos municípios com população igual ou superior a 100 mil habitantes, em Santa Catarina, Brasil. A pesquisa iniciou com a adaptação de um modelo avaliativo composto por 28 indicadores, que analisa o desenvolvimento das ações de promoção do uso racional de medicamentos por meio das dimensões educacional, estrutural, gerencial e operacionalização da assistência farmacêutica. A coleta de dados foi realizada por intermédio de questionário online, testado e validado, por meio de uma plataforma virtual com o envio de link para o endereço de e-mail do respondente. A atribuição de juízo de valor considerou as categorias pré-definidas na matriz de julgamento, orientadas por parâmetros normativos, revisão de literatura e acordos firmados entre especialistas. Dos 11 municípios avaliados, quatro foram classificados como “regulares” e os demais como “ruins”, apresentando deficiências nas quatro dimensões de análise. O melhor resultado foi observado na dimensão gerencial e o pior na dimensão estrutural. Um cenário crítico com relação à promoção do uso racional de medicamentos foi evidenciado, com destaque para deficiências na capacitação dos profissionais de saúde, estruturas físicas inadequadas, carência de recursos humanos, falhas na gestão da segurança dos pacientes e dificuldades para a execução da assistência farmacêutica. Conclui-se que importantes desafios precisam ser superados para a garantia de uma prescrição medicamentosa apropriada, do acesso oportuno, da dispensação adequada dos fármacos e o uso correto dos medicamentos pela população.
Análise da Variabilidade Espaço-Temporal do SPI: Um Estudo de Caso para a Sub-Bacia Choró, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Silva Greicy Kelly da , Marcos Júnior Antônio Duarte , Lima Carlos Eduardo Sousa , Silva Marx Vinicius Maciel da , Silveira Cleiton da Silva , Silva Emerson Mariano da , Lima Ilma Ribeiro de
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade espaço-temporal do índice Padronizado de Precipitação (SPI), de forma a identificar períodos de escassez/excesso hídrica (o) na Sub-Bacia Choró no Estado do Ceará. Para tanto, trabalhou-se com uma série histórica de dados pluviométricos para o período de 1974 a 2018 e com o SPI nas escalas de 3, 6, 12 e 24 meses. Uma acentuada variabilidade interanual foi observada, apontando de 2012-2018 a maior ocorrência de eventos secos, sendo estes melhor representados, nas escalas interanuais, em intensidade e duração quando comparado com as escalas (intras)sazonais. Também constatou-se que os períodos contendo os eventos secos (chuvosos) de maior intensidade, apresentados nas escalas 3, 6 e 12 meses do SPI, coincidiram, na maioria dos casos, com períodos de El Niño Oscilação Sul e La Niña. Em suma, o SPI se mostrou uma ferramenta poderosa ao quantificar os eventos secos e chuvosos na Sub-Bacia Choró, podendo ser útil no monitoramento do déficit hídrico em escalas temporais de curto, médio e longo prazo.