bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of neural stem/progenitor cells in the subventricular zone of the naked mole-rat brain
Authors: Yamamura Yuki , Kawamura Yoshimi , Oiwa Yuki , Oka Kaori , Onishi Nobuyuki , Saya Hideyuki , Miura Kyoko
Published: November 2021

Background

The naked mole-rat (NMR) is the longest-lived rodent with a maximum lifespan of more than 37 years and shows a negligible senescence phenotype, suggesting that tissue stem cells of NMRs are highly capable of maintaining homeostasis. However, the properties of NMR tissue stem cells, including neural stem cells (NSCs), are largely unclear.

Methods

Neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) were isolated from the subventricular zone of the neonate NMR brain (NMR-NS/PCs) and cultured in neurosphere and adherent culture conditions. Expression of NSC markers and markers of neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes was analyzed by immunocytochemistry. In adherent culture conditions, the proliferation rate and cell cycle of NMR-NS/PCs were assessed and compared with those of NS/PCs from mice (mouse-NS/PCs). The DNA damage response to γ-irradiation was analyzed by immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.

Results

NMR-NS/PCs expressed several NSC markers and differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. NMR-NS/PCs proliferated markedly slower than mouse-NS/PCs, and a higher percentage of NMR-NS/PCs than mouse-NS/PCs was in G0/G1 phase. Notably, upon γ-irradiation, NMR-NS/PCs exhibited a faster initiation of the DNA damage response and were less prone to dying than mouse-NS/PCs.

Conclusions

NMR-NS/PCs were successfully isolated and cultured. The slow proliferation of NMR-NS/PCs and their resistance to DNA damage may help to prevent stem cell exhaustion in the brain during the long lifespan of NMRs. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanism underlying delayed aging of NMRs. Further analysis of NMR tissue stem cells may lead to the development of new strategies that can prevent aging in humans.
Transparency order versus confusion coefficient: a case study of NIST lightweight cryptography S-Boxes
Authors: Li Huizhong , Yang Guang , Ming Jingdian , Zhou Yongbin , Jin Chengbin
Published: November 2021

Side-channel resistance is nowadays widely accepted as a crucial factor in deciding the security assurance level of cryptographic implementations. In most cases, non-linear components (e.g. S-Boxes) of cryptographic algorithms will be chosen as primary targets of side-channel attacks (SCAs). In order to measure side-channel resistance of S-Boxes, three theoretical metrics are proposed and they are reVisited transparency order (VTO), confusion coefficients variance (CCV), and minimum confusion coefficient (MCC), respectively. However, the practical effectiveness of these metrics remains still unclear. Taking the 4-bit and 8-bit S-Boxes used in NIST Lightweight Cryptography candidates as concrete examples, this paper takes a comprehensive study of the applicability of these metrics. First of all, we empirically investigate the relations among three metrics for targeted S-boxes, and find that CCV is almost linearly correlated with VTO, while MCC is inconsistent with the other two. Furthermore, in order to verify which metric is more effective in which scenarios, we perform simulated and practical experiments on nine 4-bit S-Boxes under the non-profiled attacks and profiled attacks, respectively. The experiments show that for quantifying side-channel resistance of S-Boxes under non-profiled attacks, VTO and CCV are more reliable while MCC fails. We also obtain an interesting observation that none of these three metrics is suitable for measuring the resistance of S-Boxes against profiled SCAs. Finally, we try to verify whether these metrics can be applied to compare the resistance of S-Boxes with different sizes. Unfortunately, all of them are invalid in this scenario.
Are we creating a new phenotype? Physiological barriers and ethical considerations in the treatment of hereditary transthyretin-amyloidosis
Authors: Dohrn Maike F. , Medina Jessica , Olaciregui Dague Karmele R. , Hund Ernst
Published: November 2021

Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant, systemic disease transmitted by amyloidogenic mutations in theTTRgene. To prevent the otherwise fatal disease course, TTR stabilizers and mRNA silencing antisense drugs are currently approved treatment options. With 90% of the amyloidogenic protein produced by the liver, disease progression including polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy, the two most prominent manifestations, can successfully be halted by hepatic drug targeting or—formerly—liver transplantation. CertainTTRvariants, however, favor disease manifestations in the central nervous system (CNS) or eyes, which is mostly associated with TTR production in the choroid plexus and retina. These compartments cannot be sufficiently reached by any of the approved medications. From liver-transplanted patients, we have learned that with longer lifespans, such CNS manifestations become more relevant over time, even if the underlyingTTRmutation is not primarily associated with such. Are we therefore creating a new phenotype? Prolonging life will most likely lead to a shift in the phenotypic spectrum, enabling manifestations like blindness, dementia, and cerebral hemorrhage to come out of the disease background. To overcome the first therapeutic limitation, the blood–brain barrier, we might be able to learn from other antisense drugs currently being used in research or even being approved for primary neurodegenerative CNS diseases like spinal muscular atrophy or Alzheimer’s disease. But what effects will unselective CNS TTR knock-down have considering its role in neuroprotection? A potential approach to overcome this second limitiation might be allele-specific targeting, which is, however, still far from clinical trials. Ethical standpoints underline the need for seamless data collection to enable more evidence-based decisions and for thoughtful consenting in research and clinical practice. We conclude that the current advances in treating ATTRv amyloidosis have become a meaningful example for mechanism-based treatment. With its great success in improving patient life spans, we will still have to face new challenges including shifts in the phenotype spectrum and the ongoing need for improved treatment precision. Further investigation is needed to address these closed barriers and open questions.
The nighttime ionospheric response and occurrence of equatorial plasma irregularities during geomagnetic storms: a case study
Authors: Wan Xin , Xiong Chao , Gao Shunzu , Huang Fuqing , Liu Yiwen , Aa Ercha , Yin Fan , Cai Hongtao
Published: November 2021

Recent studies revealed that the long-lasting daytime ionospheric enhancements of Total Electron Content (TEC) were sometimes observed in the Asian sector during the recovery phase of geomagnetic storms (e.g., Lei (J Geophys Res Space Phys 123: 3217–3232, 2018), Li (J Geophys Res Space Phys 125: e2020JA028238, 2020). However, they focused only on the dayside ionosphere, and no dedicated studies have been performed to investigate the nighttime ionospheric behavior during such kinds of storm recovery phases. In this study, we focused on two geomagnetic storms that happened on 7–8 September 2017 and 25–26 August 2018, which showed the prominent daytime TEC enhancements in the Asian sector during their recovery phases, to explore the nighttime large-scale ionospheric responses as well as the small-scale Equatorial Plasma Irregularities (EPIs). It is found that during the September 2017 storm recovery phase, the nighttime ionosphere in the American sector is largely depressed, which is similar to the daytime ionospheric response in the same longitude sector; while in the Asian sector, only a small TEC increase is observed at nighttime, which is much weaker than the prominent daytime TEC enhancement in this longitude sector. During the recovery phase of the August 2018 storm, a slight TEC increase is observed on the night side at all longitudes, which is also weaker than the prominent daytime TEC enhancement. For the small-scale EPIs, they are enhanced and extended to higher latitudes during the main phase of both storms. However, during the recovery phases of the first storm, the EPIs are largely enhanced and suppressed in the Asian and American sectors, respectively, while no prominent nighttime EPIs are observed during the second storm recovery phase. The clear north–south asymmetry of equatorial ionization anomaly crests during the second storm should be responsible for the suppression of EPIs during this storm. In addition, our results also suggest that the dusk side ionospheric response could be affected by the daytime ionospheric plasma density/TEC variations during the recovery phase of geomagnetic storms, which further modulates the vertical plasma drift and plasma gradient. As a result, the growth rate of post-sunset EPIs will be enhanced or inhibited.
N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD): presence and association with symptom profile
Authors: Elshahawi Heba Hamed , Taha Ghada Refaat Amin , Azzam Hanan Mohamed Ezzeldin , El Ghamry Reem H. , Abdelgawad Ahmed Adel Mohammad , Elshiekh Mohammad Abdullah Ahmad Abdullah
Published: November 2021

Background

Several studies pointed to immune dysregulation abnormalities linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Of those, several autoantibodies had been identified. Recent findings of N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis suggested that it caused symptoms like autistic regression. Thus, the purpose of the study was to test for the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies in the ASD disorder population and to correlate this with the clinical findings.

Results

Eighty-seven autistic children, 4–12 years old, were enrolled in the study and were matched with sixty typically developing children used as controls. The diagnosis of cases was confirmed by ADOS-2 and clinical evaluation. None of the control children had positive anti-NMDAR antibodies, while 26.4% (23 children) of the patients’ group were positive for serum anti-NMDA receptor antibodies (> 200 pg/ml, p = 0.0157). The positive anti-NMDAR antibody was statistically correlated with better speech stage (p = 0.017), more severe stereotyped behavior (p ≤ 0.001), and abnormal EEG findings (p = 0.025).

Conclusions

There is a possibility of the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies in the autism spectrum disorder population with certain characteristics, especially the severity of the stereotyped behaviors.
The impact of magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of iron overload in heart and liver in transfusion-dependent thalassemic children: Minia experience
Authors: El Sherif Ashraf M. , Ibrahim Ahmed S. , Elsayed Mohamed A. , Abdelhakim Ahmed S. , Ismail Ahlam M.
Published: November 2021

Background

Thalassemia is the most prevalent single-gene disorder. Myocardial and hepatic iron depositions lead to complications and eventually death. We aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging T2* (MRI T2*) in quantifying iron overload in liver and heart in transfusion-dependent B-thalassemia major (TDT) children.

Methods

Prospective clinical study was carried on sixty children diagnosed with TDT. All of them underwent laboratory investigations, including CBC, serum iron, and ferritin levels. MRI T2* of the heart and liver was carried out to measure the iron overload and estimate the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Results

Thirty-eight males and 22 females with TDT with a mean age of 13.23 years were included. Twenty cases (33.3%) had severe liver iron overload, while 36 (60%) had normal cardiac iron. There was a moderate significant negative association between hepatic and cardiac iron deposition (P = 0.03). All cases with severe cardiac iron overload had impaired LVEF below 56%. A non-significant positive association was noticed between cardiac iron deposition and LVEF in T2* (P = 0.08). A moderate negative significant association was detected between hepatic iron deposition and serum ferritin, while a fair negative significant association was found between serum ferritin and cardiac iron deposition with P values of 0.04 and 0.02, respectively.

Conclusion

MRI T2* is the gold standard for monitoring and follow-up of iron overload in the heart and liver. It should be routinely performed in all TDT children as liver iron, and serum ferritin do not reflect cardiac iron overload.
Price and volatility persistence of the US REITs market
Authors: Adekoya Oluwasegun B. , Oduyemi Gabriel O. , Oliyide Johnson A.
Published: November 2021

This study revisits the issue of REITs market efficiency for the US having discovered two notable gaps. Noting the complexities, structural changes and nonlinearities in modern financial markets, we employ the fractional integration technique which performs better than other commonly used techniques in the presence of structural breaks, fractional integration, trend-stationarity and regime switching in time series. Summarizing our results, we find that the US REITs market is efficient in the overall sample. However, when the data are splitted, market efficiency only occurs in the pre-crisis period, but becomes less so during the crisis and post-crisis periods. In addition, evidence of mean reverting long-memory behavior is established for REITs volatility, although mean reversion is slower during and after the crisis. These results are robust to different data measurement and have crucial policy implications for potential investors and relevant policy makers.
Cervicothoracic lipoblastoma: three case reports and review of literature
Authors: Ghallab Alaa , Elmahmoud Mohamed , Alhadad Majed , Albatniji Khalil , Alsaggaf Ameen , Elhendy A. Gawad , Alshafi Alam , Aljubab Abdulwahab S.
Published: November 2021

Background

Lipoblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of embryonal fat affecting mainly children below 3 years of age. It presents usually as a painless rapidly growing soft lobular mass in the extremities, trunk, and less frequently in the head-neck region. Preoperative imaging is used to assess the extent of disease and aid surgical planning. Complete surgical excision without injury to surrounding vital structures is the treatment of choice.

Case presentation

We report three interesting lipoblastoma cases: mediastinal lipoblastoma with airway compression and ipsilateral diaphragmatic eventration, neck lipoblastoma with intrathoracic extension, and huge thoracic inlet lipoblastoma with compression of common carotid and Lt subclavian arteries, brachial plexus, and ipsilateral diaphragmatic eventration. Complete excision of lipoblastoma mass was done via neck incision in two cases, and the third case required thoracoscopic excision of intrathoracic remnant 6 months later. All three patients had an excellent outcome.

Conclusions

Management of cervicothoracic lipoblastoma is a surgical challenge due to the potential for rapid growth and extension to different fascial planes; however, successful excision can be achieved via a neck approach. Complete surgical excision is essential to prevent local recurrence and improve the outcome.
Seismic Soundoff: The value and benefits of simplicity
Authors: Geary Andrew
Published: November 2021

In this episode, Jack Dvorkin highlights his upcoming Honorary Lecture, “Modern rock physics — Challenges and solutions.” Dvorkin shares why some scientists have embraced unnecessary complexity, the first step to embrace simplicity, possible consequences if rock physics continues to trend toward complexity, and more. Hear the full episode at https://seg.org/podcast/post/13574 .
Real-time Monitoring of Temperature and Relative Humidity and Visualization of Pest Survey Data for Integrated Pest Management in Collection Storage Area
Authors: Im Ik-Gyun , Lim Seong-Duk , Han Gyu-Seong
Published: November 2021

Temperature and humidity data collection using real-time sensors and data loggers was conducted for integrated pest management in the collection storage and exhibition space of the Jeongnimsaji Museum, Buyeo. The real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system collected measurement data every 30 minutes and enabled real-time confirmation of the data through a linked application. If the temperature and humidity data measured in the real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system exceeds the set range, a push notification was sent to the mobile phone of the person in charge to provide status information to establish a continuous management system. Through this, it was possible to immediately recognize and take action when the temperature range exceeded the recommended relic temperature in August. We performed data visualization on the concentration of airborne fungus in the storage area and the inflow path and density of insects. Based on the recommended criteria presented by the National Institute of Cultural Heritage, The data on the spatial and temporal concentration of airborne fungus inside the collection storage were found to be maintained at a value below the standard recommended by the National Institute of Cultural Heritage (80 CFU/m3). Also, as a result of the insect inflow survey, no insects were captured inside the storage area, and in the case of the exhibition space, insects such as Scutigera coleoptrata, Loxoblemmus arietulus, Diestrammena asynamora, Koreoniscus racovitzai were captured. Based on this, as a result of visualization according to the individual density of captured insects by area, it was confirmed that the main inflow paths of insects were the external entrance and the toilet area.
An Analysis of Material Property on Eartherwares Excavated at Auraji site in Jeongseon
Authors: Lee Byeong Hoon
Published: November 2021

In this study, we aimed to elucidate the materialistic characteristics of 11 pieces of earthenware belonging to the Neolithic and Bronze Age excavated from Jeongseon Auraji, South Korea. As a result, the chemical composition of earthenwares belonging to the early Bronze Age was distributed in the intermediate area between the Neolithic and Bronze Age earthenwares, but no significant difference was confirmed based on their manufacturing period. Upon comparison, the earthenwares excavated from Jeongseon Auraji site were found to comprise less acidic components than those excavated from Yeongdong, and are characterized by the alkaline components depending on the excavated site. In the rare earth elements distribution pattern, all the analyzed earthenwares exhibited similar pattern, confirming that the raw materials present in the clay were the same. As a result of microstructure analysis, the clay particles and voids were found to be irregularly distributed in the analyzed earthenwares. Neolithic earthenwares exhibited many irregular voids, and an arrangement of aluminosilicate, including feldspar, was observed along with the clay substrate. Furthermore, we confirmed that the empty space in early Bronze Age earthenwares was filled with fine particles and cube crystals. Moreover, the main mineral phase of earthenwares excavated from Jeongseon Auraji exhibited similar composition, and therefore, there was no significant difference in the firing temperature of these earthenwares. The firing temperature of the earthenwares ranged from 750 to 850°C.
Properties Change of Korean Traditional Animal Glue Depending on The Parts of Cattle Hide and Extraction Conditions
Authors: Cho Gyu Hyuk , Choi Ji Sun , Park Dea Woo , Lee Han Hyoung , Chung Yong Jea
Published: November 2021

We investigated the properties of Korean traditional animal glue which are associated with the use of different parts of cattle hide and extraction conditions. Both average molecular weight(Mw, Mz) and polydispersity (PDI) of the animal glue increased with extraction time, whereas only PDI decreased after 48h. There were no differences in the average molecular weight and PDI for the different cattle hide parts used, although a individual difference was observed with regard to total molecular weight. Differences in extracts over time were compared by investigating the amide regions representing the gelatien component of the animal glue. The triple helix structure of the belly skin deteriorated in a manner proportional to the extraction time, and differences were observed for each cattle hide part. The yellowness increased with the extraction time; however, the viscosity was not proportional to the average change in molecular weight. This study has some limitations because of difficulties in the quality control of cases where small amounts of glue were extracted as small differences might impact the overall results considerably. Further research exploring various extraction conditions is required to ensure the prodiction of traditional animal glue with optimum qualities.
An Experimental Reproduction Study on Characteristics of Woodblock Printing on Traditional Korean Paper (Hanji)
Authors: Yoo Woo Sik , Kim Jung Gon , Ahn Eun-Ju
Published: November 2021

The history of printing technology in Korea is studied by investigating existing ancient documents and records and comparing accumulated data and knowledge. Cultural property research requires non-destructive testing and observation with the naked eye or aided by a microscope. Researchers’ experience and knowledge are required even though they cannot guarantee the outcome. For ancient documents and records that are presumed to consist of woodblock printing, wood type printing, metal type printing, or their combinations, each researcher draws various opinions and conclusions. This often causes confusion and divides the opinions of ordinary citizens and field specialists. Among them, the criteria for judging ancient documents or books printed using woodblock and metal movable material are ambiguous. Academic research on the development history of printing technology in ancient Korea has been stagnant, and conflicts among researchers have also erupted. Involvement of national investigative agencies not specialized in cultural properties has exacerbated the situation. In this study, we investigated printing characteristics that are likely to serve as more objective judgment criteria by quantitatively analyzing the experiments of retrieving several sheets of Korean paper (Hanji) using a replicated Hunminjeongeum (訓民正音) woodblock and quantitatively analyzing the images of the printed papers. In addition, the validity and questions for the typical phenomena presented as a method for distinguishing between woodblock and metal print are reviewed. We investigated the possibility of developing new objective judgement criteria through quantitative analysis using image analysis and investigating the printing characteristics of Korean paper through a reproduction experiment of woodblock printing.
Orientalism and the Gothic
Authors: Τορτομάνη Κωνσταντίνα
Published: November 2021

Η παρούσα διατριβή φιλοδοξεί να ερευνήσει τις θεωρητικές πτυχές της σχέσης ιστορίας και λογοτεχνίας μέσα από την λειτουργία και σημασία του Γοτθικού μυθιστορήματος στο μακρύ 19ο αιώνα καθώς και να αναλύσει τις στερεοτυπικές εικόνες της διαφορετικότητας της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης όπως κατασκευάστηκαν, αναπαράχθηκαν και κυκλοφόρησαν στη βρετανική δημοφιλή κουλτούρα κατά τον μακρύ 19ο αιώνα. Το κύριο μέρος της αποτελείται από την ανάλυση τεσσάρων δημοφιλών γοτθικών μυθιστορημάτων: The Vampyre: A Tale (1819) του John William Polidori, το Carmilla (1872) του Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, το Dracula (1897) και το Lady of the Shroud (1909) του Bram Stoker. Η διατριβή μελετά την απήχηση των μυθιστορημάτων αυτών ως φορέων διαμόρφωσης των αντιλήψεων σχετικά με την Βρετανική ταυτότητα, την αυτοκρατορία και την πολιτισμική της σημασία. Φωτίζει επίσης την ταυτότητα του βάρβαρου «άλλου», τις αντιλήψεις για το φύλο, ακόμα και τη γεωπολιτική της αυτοκρατορίας και τον πολιτιστικό ιμπεριαλισμό μέσω της διάδοσης στερεοτύπων. Τέλος, η παρούσα διατριβή επιχειρεί να τοποθετήσει τη Βρετανική ρητορική για την ετερότητα της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης σε ένα ευρύτερο πλαίσιο, εξετάζοντάς την και συγκρίνοντάς την με άλλους «κατώτερους» λαούς, βγαίνοντας έτσι από τα στενά πλαίσια του Οριενταλισμού και του Βαλκανισμού.
Production and circulation of the Late Neolithic Pottery from Makrygialos (Phase II), Macedonia, Northern Greece
Authors: Χίτσιου Ελισσάβετ
Published: November 2021

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ερευνά την τεχνολογία παραγωγής και τη μεταξύ οικισμών διακίνηση σε μεγάλες αποστάσεις ενός μεγάλου και ποικιλόμορφου κεραμικού συνόλου της Νεώτερης Νεολιθικής Περιόδου από την πρόσφατα ανασκαμμένη, επίπεδη-εκτεταμένη θέση του Μακρύγιαλου Πιερίας, στη Βόρεια Ελλάδα. Επιχειρηματολογεί υπέρ της μεθοδολογικά ενσωματωμένης χρήσης μακροσκοπικής και πετρογραφικής ανάλυσης ενός μεγάλου αριθμού δειγμάτων κεραμικής της Φάσης ΙΙ του Μακρύγιαλου. Για συγκριτικούς λόγους, στην έρευνα περιλαμβάνονται επίσης δείγματα κεραμικής από τις σύγχρονες νεολιθικές θέσεις του Διμηνίου, στη Θεσσαλία, καθώς και την Αγροσυκιά Α και Γιαννιτσά Β, στη Δυτική Μακεδονία.Μέσα από τη λεπτομερή μελέτη της τεχνολογίας παραγωγής διακριτών κατηγοριών της κεραμικής, η διατριβή παρουσιάζει έναν μεγάλο όγκο νέων δεδομένων που ρίχνουν φως στους τρόπους που οι αρχαίοι κεραμείς χειρίζονταν τις πρώτες ύλες, με στόχο την καλύτερη κατανόηση του ρόλου των τεχνολογικών τους επιλογών στην παραγωγή του τελικού προϊόντος. Ως αποτέλεσμα, ντόπιες και εισαγμένες κατηγορίες κεραμικής συνυπάρχουν στο υπό μελέτη υλικό. Τούτο ερμηνεύεται να σηματοδοτεί την παραγωγή από διαφορετικές ομάδες ή μεμονωμένα άτομα με διαφοροποιημένο επίπεδο τεχνολογικής γνώσης και δεξιότητας, που είναι δυνατόν να παράγονταν σε διαφορετικές περιοχές ή να συμβόλιζαν διακριτές κεραμικές παραδόσεις. Το σημαντικότερο, η πετρογραφική ανάλυση παρέχει θετικά αποδεικτικά στοιχεία που υποστηρίζουν τη διακίνηση της κεραμικής σε μεγάλες αποστάσεις, αντικρούοντας έτσι καθιερωμένες απόψεις του παρελθόντος που αφορούσαν στην διακίνηση της κεραμικής αυτής της περιόδου. Αυτά τα στοιχεία αποτυπώνουν το υψηλό επίπεδο πολυπλοκότητας στην κοινωνική οργάνωση της υπό μελέτη κοινωνίας, που μέχρι πρόσφατα είχε υποτιμηθεί. Η εικόνα που αναδύεται υποστηρίζει σθεναρά την ιδέα μιας δυναμικής Νεολιθικής κοινωνίας που χαρακτηρίζεται από κινητικότητα και επικοινωνία-αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ των ανθρώπων, όπως αποκαλύπτεται μέσα από τη μελέτη μιας κατηγορίας του υλικού της πολιτισμού.
Impact of nurses' emotional intelligence on the implementation of a professional practice model in cancer care
Authors: Al-Ruzzieh Majeda A , Ayaad Omar
Published: November 2021

Aim:

To examine the impact of emotional intelligence on the effective implementation of a professional practice model in a specialised cancer centre.

Methods:

The study used a cross-sectional design with 580 frontline nurses at King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan. The sample was selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using two self-administered questionnaires to measure emotional intelligence and professional practice.

Results:

The overall mean value of emotional intelligence was 5.60 out of 6 (SD=0.78), while the overall mean value for the implementation of the professional practice model was 4.76/5 (SD=0.59). The results showed that the overall mean value of emotional intelligence had a significant positive correlation with the effective implementation of the professional practice model (r=0.580, P<0.001), even after adjusting for the participants' demographics (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

Emotional intelligence can be considered a predictor for the effective implementation of a professional practice model.
Questioning the validity of an advanced decision to refuse treatment
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: November 2021

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers an NHS Foundation Trust's challenge to the validity of a woman's advance decision to refuse treatment in the Court of Protection
Pharmacoinformatics Profiling and Dynamic Studies of Selected Compounds Acting as Potential Inhibitors against DPP4 Enzyme
Authors: Roy Shubham , Bhowmik Ratul , Sengupta Sounok , Sharma Sameer , Vyas Bharti , A Khan Imran
Published: November 2021

DPP-IV rapidly degrades glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptides. Delaying the breakdown of endogenous incretin hormones with DPP-IV inhibitors may help correct the physiologic deficit. The purpose of this work is to identify new compounds that inhibit the DPP-IV enzyme. The anticipated compounds were potent anti-diabetic candidates in this investigation. Two 2d QSAR models were created using 179 different substances from diverse sources. QSAR models were created using two methods. The first technique included docking score as an additional descriptor, while the second did not. Docking-based QSAR considered 74 compounds out of 179. Another approach used 40 molecules from 179 compounds. Each method had a precise strategy. Descriptors were computed using DRAGON for both training and test sets. Using DRAGON data, SYSTAT generated regression curves. The docking-based QSAR model produced R2=0.7098 (training set) and R2=0.9987 (test set), whereas the other technique produced R2=0.7644 (training set) and R2=0.9857 (test set).
An Internal Standard High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Candesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Combined Formulations
Authors: Algethami Faisal K.
Published: November 2021

The internal standard method is a versatile procedure that avoids misleading results caused by the instability of the chromatographic system or inexperienced workers. It is an effective way to judge the accuracy of any obtained data. As the detector responses of chlorzoxazone (CZN) resemble those of candesartan (CDZN) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), CZN was employed as an internal standard. Herein, a simple chromatographic method was established for quantification of CDZN and HCTZ. Isocratic elution was conducted using 1% premixed acetonitrile/formic acid (7:3 v/v) at a 0.8 mL/min flowrate. The separation of the three components was maintained using the universal 20 µL loop, and for further simplicity in application, the analysis was optimized at 25 °C. CDZN, HCTZ, and CZN were simultaneously monitored and quantified at 270 nm. The method developed here complies with all the validation limits according to the British Pharmacopoeia (BP), United States Pharmacopoeia (USP), and the guidelines of the International Council ForHarmonisation (ICH). The method proved to be linear in the range of 6.4 to 25.6 µg/mL and 5.0–20 µg/mL for CDZN and HCTZ, respectively, while the quantitation detection limits were less than 1.0µg/mL for both.
Density and Viscosity of LiCl, LiBr, LiI and Kcl in Aqueous Methanol at 313.15K
Authors: Kadam V. V. , Nikumbh A. B. , Pawar T. B. , Adole V. A.
Published: November 2021

The densities and viscosities of electrolytes are essential to understand many physicochemical processes that are taking place in the solution. In the present research, the densities and viscosities of lithium halides, LiX (X = Cl, Br, I ) and KCl in (0, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100) mass % of methanol + water at 313.15K were calculated employing experimental densities (ρ), the apparent molar volumes( ϕv) and limiting apparent molar volumes (0v) of the electrolytes. The (0v) of electrolyte offer insights into solute-solution interactions. In terms of the Jones-Dole equation for strong electrolyte solution, the experimental data of viscosity were explored. Viscosity coefficients A and B have been interpreted and discussed. The B-coefficient values in these systems increase with increase of methanol in the solvents mixtures. This implied that when the dielectric constant of the solvent decreases, so do the solvent-solvent interactions in these systems.
Lattice Dynamical Study and Elastic Property of Europium Telluride (Eute) Crystal
Authors: Singh Shyamendra Pratap , Srivastava U C
Published: November 2021

In the present work authors are reporting complete lattice dynamical properties of Europium telluride (EuTe). The present model works on three body rigid ion model & three body rigid shell model (TRIM & TRSM). The short-range overlap repulsion is operative up to the second neighboring ions. An excellent agreement has been obtained between theory and experiment for their all-phonon properties of (EuTe) like phonon dispersion curves, Debye temperature variations, two-phonon IR/Raman spectra, third-fourth order lattice constant, pressure derivative and anharmonic elastic properties.
Sorption Capacity of Toxic Heavy Metal Cr (VI) Ion on bentonite clay from Aqueous Solution by Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Rathore Priyanka , Verma Rashmi
Published: November 2021

The present study removal of toxic heavy metal Cr (VI) ion on bentonite clay from aqueous solution under different experimental conditions and also study sorption capacity are effect different pH, concentration, temperature and contact time of shaking.My study focused on use of bentonite clay as a best adsorbent for the removal of toxic heavy metal Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solution. Initial metal ions concentration increases 50 to 250mgL-1 the % removal Cr (VI) ion decreases from 66.64 % to 53.94 % but amount of sorption increases from 0.833 to 3.371mgg-1, The particle size of bentonite clay increase from 45 to 150μ by amount of adsorption of Cr (VI) decreasing from1.589 mgg-1 to 1.153mgg-1 , pH increasing from 2.0 to 10.0 the amount of sorption decrease from 2.018 to 1.161 mgg-1, temperature increasing from 303K to 313K adsorption is also increases from 1.589 to 1.822mgg-1. Kinetic study for value of rate constant k1 and k2 is favour concentration increases the amounts of the metals sorbent qcal also increases. Q and kf sorption capacity related to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm constant. Value of both is favour sorption is temperature dependent. Thermodynamic study the value of ΔG0 increase -1.402 to -2.655it is best evidence temperature increases from 303K to 323K the adsorption of Cr (VI) ion increases because value of ΔG0 is negative favour the adsorption. My investigation best evidence the value of kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic parameter also favours the Sorption of Cr (VI) ion on bentonite clay from aqueous solution.
Functional outcome of routine versus on-demand removal of the syndesmotic screw: a multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sanders Fay R. K. , Birnie Merel F. , Dingemans Siem A. , van den Bekerom Michel P. J. , Parkkinen Markus , van Veen Ruben N. ,   RODEO collaborator group, Goslings J. Carel , Schepers Tim
Published: November 2021

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate whether on-demand removal (ODR) is noninferior to routine removal (RR) of syndesmotic screws regarding functional outcome.

Methods

Adult patients (aged above 17 years) with traumatic syndesmotic injury, surgically treated within 14 days of trauma using one or two syndesmotic screws, were eligible (n = 490) for inclusion in this randomized controlled noninferiority trial. A total of 197 patients were randomized for either ODR (retaining the syndesmotic screw unless there were complaints warranting removal) or RR (screw removed at eight to 12 weeks after syndesmotic fixation), of whom 152 completed the study. The primary outcome was functional outcome at 12 months after screw placement, measured by the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS).

Results

There were 152 patients included in final analysis (RR = 73; ODR = 79). Of these, 59.2% were male (n = 90), and the mean age was 46.9 years (SD 14.6). Median OMAS at 12 months after syndesmotic fixation was 85 (interquartile range (IQR) 60 to 95) for RR and 80 (IQR 65 to 100) for ODR. The noninferiority test indicated that the observed effect size was significantly within the equivalent bounds of -10 and 10 scale points (p < 0.001) for both the intention-to-treat and per-protocol, meaning that ODR was not inferior to RR. There were significantly more complications in the RR group (12/73) than in the ODR group (1/79) (p = 0.007).

Conclusion

ODR of the syndesmotic screw is not inferior to routine removal when it comes to functional outcome. Combined with the high complication rate of screw removal, this offers a strong argument to adopt on demand removal as standard practice of care after syndesmotic screw fixation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1709–1716.
Variation of Indigofera tinctoria’s Immersion Time on Dye Solution and its effect on DSSC efficiency
Authors: Nurosyid Fahru , Faqih Parahita , Dewangga Zulaldi Yahya , Prasetya Nurdiyantoro Putra
Published: November 2021

The utilization of Indigo tinctoria as a DSSC sensitizer has been done to study the effect of I. tinctoria’s immersion time on DSSC efficiency. One of the most essential components in DSSC is a sensitizer or dye. In this work, the dye has been used in DSSC is the natural indigo dye from I. tinctoria leaves. The extraction was done by dissolving 50 grams of I. tinctoria leaves in 500 mililiters aquades and soaking in various time: 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. The optical properties of dye solution was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the current-voltage of DSSC was characterized by Keithley I-V Meter. The highest absorbance is 2.7 of 48h dye solution, but the best efficiency of DSSC is 5.39 x 10-3 % that owned 24 h cell.
Study of First Principles of Mg-Si Binary Systems as Precipitates from T6 Heat Treatment of AL-MG-SI ALLOYS
Authors: Haryadi Deni , Rudianto Haris
Published: November 2021

One of the purposes adding the two main alloying elements Si and Mg in small quantities (≈ 1%) on Aluminum is to form strengthening precipitates in aluminium alloy, which typically contribute with a fivefold strength increase from pure aluminum. In the last decades, the investigation has begun to understand the structure and formation of the different phases during heat treatment. An important precipitate in Al-Mg-Si Alloy is β" and β.  when the Precipitate β is created after β" is that the strength suddenly drops and the alloy is said to be overaged. By means of a first-principles supercell approach and density functional theory calculations, this research studied precipitate energy and interface energy of precipitate β" and β. Results show that precipitate β have precipitate energy higher then β" but have interface energy lowers then β". And each low energy interface was found possesses interface with the Al matrix is fully incoherent. The final result of calculation and simulation values for the interfacial energies, precipitate energies and strain energies that can be used in future predictions of the characteristic precipitate.
Pengaruh Trial Focal Depth terhadap Kedalaman Sumber Gempa Menggunakan Hypo71pc (Studi Kasus Kegempaan di Sulawesi Utara)
Authors: Huda A.M. Miftahul , El-Ridlo Nuruddin Kafy
Published: November 2021

Pemodelan hiposenter kejadian gempa telah dilakukan di wilayah Sulawesi utara menggunakan perangkat HYPO71PC. Proses penentuan posisi hiposenter memperhatikan berbagai aspek referensi, salah satunya adalah penggunaan kedalaman fokal uji. Penelitian ini akan membahas pengaruh elemen tersebut dalam memberikan hasil iterasi. Data kegempaan berasal dari stasiun Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika dari tahun 2008-2018 dengan ketentuan magnitudo lebih dari 6. Metode pengujian dilakukan secara random dengan memperhatikan data kedalaman terlapor. Hasil pengujian didapatkan pengaruh yang relatif besar terhadap data yang memberikan luaran dan kesesuaian dengan posisi kejadian gempa serta kedalamannya. Efek yang ditimbulkan oleh kedalaman fokal uji mempengaruhi proses iterasi secara kuantitas pemrosesan data. Berdasarkan nilai kesalahan root mean square dan keunikan luaran didapatkan 5 buah kejadian dengan kondisi terbaik.
Temperatur Curie dan Medan Koersivitas Material Co0,8Ni0,2 dalam Struktur Random Alloy dan Double Layers
Authors: Rohman Lutfi , Novitasari Suci , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: November 2021

Material Kobalt Nikel (CoNi) merupakan paduan penting karena memiliki sifat kemagnetan yang baik diantaranya yaitu temperatur curie dan koersivitas yang tinggi. komposisi, struktur alloy dan ukuran sisi kubus bahan berpengaruh terhadap temperatur Curie dan koersivitas. Simulasi mikromagnetik dilakukan pada material Co0,8Ni0,2 dengan struktur random alloy dan double layers untuk menentukan nilai temperatur Curie dan analisis kurva histerisis. Simulasi material Co0,8Ni0,2 dilakukan menggunakan software Vampire dengan variasi ukuran sisi kubus yang digunakan yaitu 5 nm, 8 nm, 10 nm, 12 nm, dan 15 nm. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan nilai temperatur Curie semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya ukuran sisi kubus. Pada material Co0,8Ni0,2 double layers diperoleh nilai temperatur Curie lebih tinggi dari pada material Co0,8Ni0,2 random alloy. Karakteristik kurva histerisis pada material Co0,8Ni0,2 random alloy dan double layers menunjukkan bahwa nilai koersivitas meningkat seiring bertambahnya ukuran sisi kubus. Namun pada material Co0,8Ni0,2 random alloy ketika ukuran bahan yang diberikan 12 nm dan 15 nm nilai medan koersivitasnya semakin menurun, dibandingkan saat ukuran 10 nm. Pada ukuran sisi kubus 10 nm dikatakan sebagai ukuran terbaik dari material Co0,8Ni0,2 random alloy ditinjau dari nilai medan koersivitas yang besar.
Effect of CaCO3 Particles Size and Content on Impact Strenght of Kenaf/CaCO3/Epoxy Resin Hybrid Composites
Authors: Sosiati Harini , Utomo Cahyo Trisedyo , Setiono Iwan , Budiyantoro Cahyo
Published: November 2021

Thermoplastic and thermoset polymer composites reinforced with kenaf fiber or CaCO3 have been extensively investigated. However, the study on the combination of kenaf fiber and CaCO3 reinforced epoxy resin is rare. This research discussed the effect of CaCO3 particle size and the ratio of kenaf to CaCO3 content on the impact strength of alkali-treated kenaf/ CaCO3/epoxy resin hybrid composites. Thirty % of the hybrid kenaf fibers and CaCO3 particles reinforced epoxy resin composites were fabricated by hand lay-up technique followed by cold press. Impact test of the composite specimens was conducted using a Charpy Impact test according to ASTM D 6110. The morphology of impact fracture surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the impact strength of the hybrid composite increased with the decrease of CaCO3 particle size, and increasing the ratio of kenaf to CaCO3. Interfacial bonding between the reinforcement (kenaf and CaCO3) and epoxy resin matrix, the uniform dispersion of kenaf and CaCO3 within the epoxy resin matrix are two crucial factors influencing the impact strength of the composite.
Konfigurasi Cekungan Barito Kalimantan Selatan Berdasarkan Analisis Data Gayaberat
Authors: Mirnanda Eddy
Published: November 2021

Cekungan Barito agak lonjong dengan poros utama berarah Timurlaut - Baratdaya. Penampang cekungan tidak simetris, sayap bagian timur terjal sedang sayap barat relatip datar. Tepat di bagian poros utama cekungan dengan nilai anomali sekitar -25 mGal, batuan dasar Granit sebagai batuan dasar berumur pra-Tersier mencapai kedalaman kurang lebih 11 km di bawah permukaan. Di bagian cekungan ini, diisi batuan sedimen Tersier Tua setebal 5 km dan sedimen Tersier Muda diatasnya setebal 6 km. Ke arah timur sedimen Tersier Muda makin menipis dan diakhiri oleh kemunculan sedimen Tersier Tua akibat seretan intrusi batuan beku. Ke arah barat, nilai anomali gayaberat Bouguer naik secara perlahan mencapai +40 mGal, kemungkinan batuan dasar Granit makin mendekati permukaan sekitar 6 sampai 7 km, diatasnya ditindih oleh sedimen Tersier Tua dengan tebal 5 km yang tertutup oleh sedimen Tersier Muda setebal 1 sampai 2 km.

Berdasarkan analisis model rapat massa bawah permukaan diperoleh bahwa sedimen berumur Tersier dan pra-Tersier dengan rapatmassa masing-masing 2,20 gr/cm3 dan 2,40 gr/cm3 merupakan lapisan paling atas, kemudian disusul oleh batuan dengan rapatmassa 2,68 gr/cm3 sebagai cerminan batuan dasar Granitik dan 3,10 gr/cm3 mewakili Mantel Atas. Selain itu batuan Ultrabasa yang tersingkap di bagian pegunungan Meratus yang memiliki rapatmassa 2,90 gr/cm3 yang menumpang di atas batuan Granitik dan diterobos oleh batuan intrusi Granit dengan rapatmassa 2,72 gr/cm3.
Modeling electromagnetic resonators using quasinormal modes: Erratum
Authors: Trøst Kristensen Philip , Herrmann Kathrin , Intravaia Francesco , Busch Kurt
Published: November 2021

We present a correction to Eq. (42) in Adv. Opt. Photon.
12, 612 (2020)AOPAC71943-820610.1364/AOP.377940.
Two-photon pumped dual-beam lasing: tristable operation
Authors: Zhang Feng-Dong , Wang Xing-Sheng , Cai Peng-Cheng , Tan Yong , Cai Hong-Xing , Jin Guang-Yong , Lin Jing-Quan , He Guang S.
Published: November 2021

Using two focused 1064 nm pump beams with an intensity ratio 3:1 and a small crossing angle

θ
≈

3.1

∘

, two-photon pumped (2PP) tristable lasing behavior has been observed in a dye (AMSPT) solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). When each pump beam is incident alone, the measured pump energy threshold for 2PP lasing is

∼

3.8

m
J

. However, when the two pump beams are incident together, the energy of the strong pump beam varies from 4 to 10 mJ and the energy of the weak pump beam varies from 1.3 to 3.3 mJ. We then observe two simultaneous output lasing beams. However, when the strong pump beam is blocked, the weak pump beam is unable to create its own lasing output. This observed dual-beam lasing behavior can be well explained by a physical model of energy transfer between these two pump beams via the reflection of an induced Bragg grating. This observed dual-beam and tristable lasing behavior may be useful for future applications in an optical logical circuit or an optical computing system.
Violating Bell inequality using weak coherent states
Authors: Mahdavifar M. , Hashemi Rafsanjani S. M.
Published: November 2021

We present an experimental investigation of two-photon interference using a continuous-wave laser. We demonstrate the violation of the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt (CHSH) inequality using the phase-randomized weak coherent states from a continuous-wave laser. Our implementation serves as an approach to reveal the quantum nature of a state that is considered to be a classical state.
Origami: Single-cell 3D shape dynamics oriented along the apico-basal axis of folding epithelia from fluorescence microscopy data
Authors: Mendonca Tania , Jones Ana A. , Pozo Jose M. , Baxendale Sarah , Whitfield Tanya T. , Frangi Alejandro F.
Published: November 2021

A common feature of morphogenesis is the formation of three-dimensional structures from the folding of two-dimensional epithelial sheets, aided by cell shape changes at the cellular-level. Changes in cell shape must be studied in the context of cell-polarised biomechanical processes within the epithelial sheet. In epithelia with highly curved surfaces, finding single-cell alignment along a biological axis can be difficult to automate in silico. We present ‘Origami’, a MATLAB-based image analysis pipeline to compute direction-variant cell shape features along the epithelial apico-basal axis. Our automated method accurately computed direction vectors denoting the apico-basal axis in regions with opposing curvature in synthetic epithelia and fluorescence images of zebrafish embryos. As proof of concept, we identified different cell shape signatures in the developing zebrafish inner ear, where the epithelium deforms in opposite orientations to form different structures. Origami is designed to be user-friendly and is generally applicable to fluorescence images of curved epithelia.