bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Preeclampsia Using the Soluble fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1 to Placental Growth Factor Ratio
Authors: Sovio Ulla , Gaccioli Francesca , Cook Emma , Hund Martin , Charnock-Jones D. Stephen , Smith Gordon C.S.
Published: February 2017

We sought to assess the ratio of sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1) to PlGF (placental growth factor) in maternal serum as a screening test for preeclampsia in unselected nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy. We studied 4099 women recruited to the POP study (Pregnancy Outcome Prediction) (Cambridge, United Kingdom). The sFlt-1:PlGF ratio was measured using the Roche Cobas e411 platform at ≈20, ≈28, and ≈36 weeks of gestational age (wkGA). Screen positive was defined as an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio >38, but higher thresholds were also studied. At 28 wkGA, an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio >38 had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 32% for preeclampsia and preterm birth, and the PPV was similar comparing women with low and high prior risk of disease. At 36 wkGA, an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio >38 had a PPV for severe preeclampsia of 20% in high-risk women and 6.4% in low-risk women. At 36 wkGA, an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio >110 had a PPV of 30% for severe preeclampsia, and the PPV was similar comparing low- and high-risk women. Overall, at 36 wkGA, 195 (5.2%) women either had an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio of >110 or an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio >38 plus maternal risk factors: 43% of these women developed preeclampsia, about half with severe features. Among low-risk women at 36 wkGA, an sFlt-1:PlGF ratio ≤38 had a negative predictive value for severe preeclampsia of 99.2%. The sFlt-1:PlGF ratio provided clinically useful prediction of the risk of the most important manifestations of preeclampsia in a cohort of unselected nulliparous women.
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption and Efficiency in Aortic Valve Stenosis Patients With and Without Heart Failure
Authors: Hansson Nils Henrik Stubkjær , Sörensen Jens , Harms Hendrik Johannes , Kim Won Yong , Nielsen Roni , Tolbod Lars P. , Frøkiær Jørgen , Bouchelouche Kirsten , Dodt Karen Kaae , Sihm Inger , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt , Wiggers Henrik
Published: February 2017

Background

Myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO
2
) and its coupling to contractile work are fundamentals of cardiac function and may be involved causally in the transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to failure. Nevertheless, these processes have not been studied previously in patients with aortic valve stenosis (AS).

Methods and Results

Participants underwent
11
C‐acetate positron emission tomography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and echocardiography to measure MVO
2
and myocardial external efficiency (MEE) defined as the ratio of left ventricular stroke work and the energy equivalent of MVO
2
. We studied 10 healthy controls (group A), 37 asymptomatic AS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% (group B), 12 symptomatic AS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% (group C), and 9 symptomatic AS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (group D). MVO
2
did not differ among groups A, B, C, and D (0.105±0.02, 0.117±0.024, 0.129±0.032, and 0.104±0.026 mL/min per gram, respectively;
P
=0.07), whereas MEE was reduced in group D (21.0±1.6%, 22.3±3.3%, 22.1±4.2%, and 17.3±4.7%, respectively;
P
<0.05). Similarly, patients with global longitudinal strain greater than −12% and paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient AS had impaired MEE (
P
<0.05 versus controls). The ability to discriminate between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was superior for global longitudinal strain compared with MVO
2
and MEE (area under the curve 0.98, 0.48, and 0.61, respectively;
P
<0.05).

Conclusions

AS patients display a persistent ability to maintain normal MVO
2
and MEE (ie, the ability to convert energy into stroke work); however, patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50%; global longitudinal strain greater than −12%; or paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient AS demonstrate reduced MEE. These findings suggest that mitochondrial uncoupling contributes to the dismal prognosis in patients with reduced contractile function or paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient AS.
Searching for the GRAIL
Authors: Lopez-Lezcano Fernando
Published: February 2017

This article describes a quest for the GRAIL (Giant Radial Array for Immersive Listening), a large-scale loudspeaker system with related hardware and software control equipment. The GRAIL was developed at the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) at Stanford University, evolving from the need for optimal sound quality in our multichannel concerts. It is also used for teaching and research.

The current GRAIL is one step in an ongoing evolutionary process, characterized by the use of off-the-shelf hardware components and custom software–based on free software languages and libraries. While developing our software, we have, as much as possible, aimed to take advantage of existing programs and utilities.
Overcoming Empirical Challenges for an Extended Approach to Condition C
Authors: Nediger Will
Published: February 2017

Various empirical phenomena have been regarded as problematic for accounts of Condition C, including the behavior of epithets, focus constructions, and sentences where a bound R-expression can be used for the purpose of disambiguation. I argue that these problematic data can be accounted for within the competition-based framework proposed by Safir (2004) , with slight modifications, including the adoption of an explicit focus semantics and of Dubinsky and Hamilton’s (1998) analysis of epithets as antilogophoric pronouns. In particular, I argue that several phenomena claimed to be pragmatic by Schlenker (2005) can be accounted for syntactically.
Head Conjuncts: Evidence from Old Swedish
Authors: Petzell Erik M.
Published: February 2017

It is sometimes taken for granted that heads as well as phrases may form coordinate conjuncts. Still, what looks like a head may be a phrase with only the head visible. This loophole is shut, however, when we turn to Old Swedish stylistic fronting. In certain contexts, only single-word expressions are fronted, which leads to the conclusion that head fronting is indeed going on. When these heads originate in a coordinate structure, they must constitute the entire first conjunct, and cannot be part of an elliptic phrasal conjunct; otherwise, the ellipsis is not properly licensed.
A review of the Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus and Pseudomyrmex goeldii species groups: acacia-ants and relatives (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: WARD PHILIP S.
Published: February 2017

The Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus group contains the Mesoamerican acacia-ants, an assemblage of species that inhabit and protect swollen-thorn acacias (Vachellia spp.). Recent phylogenetic studies have confirmed the existence of two generalist (dead twig-inhabiting) species that are embedded within the P. ferrugineus group. They are described here as P. evitus sp. nov. (occurring from Mexico to Costa Rica) and P. feralis sp. nov. (Guatemala). The morphological definition of the P. ferrugineus group is revised to incorporate additional variability in the worker and queen castes. The previous diagnosis of the males, based largely on features of the genitalia, requires little revision. Closely related to the P. ferrugineus group is a clade of five predominantly South American species, here designated and diagnosed as the P. goeldii group. The five species, P. goeldii (Forel), P. laevifrons Ward, P. micans sp. nov., P. obtusus sp. nov., and P. parvulus sp. nov., are characterized and illustrated. P. laevifrons and P. micans are closely related and difficult to distinguish, possibly reflecting incomplete isolation. Keys are provided for the identification of the species in both groups.
Capitella ambonensis: a new polychaete species (Annelida: Capitellidae) collected from a mangrove habitat on Ambon Island, Indonesia
Authors: PAMUNGKAS JOKO
Published: February 2017

A new species Capitella ambonensis sp. nov. is described from loamy sand sediment of a mangrove habitat on Ambon Island, Indonesia. The species is described primarily based on the distribution of capillary chaetae and hooks. Methylene blue staining pattern was also used to examine the similarity between the material of this study and other species of Capitella. Capitella ambonensis sp. nov. differs from other Capitella species in the form of hooded hooks and the methylene blue staining pattern. A table that lists all Capitella species with their thoracic chaetal formulas is also provided.
Pachyprotasis kojimai sp. nov.—the “Pachyprotasis nigronotata” of Japanese authors (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)
Authors: TAEGER ANDREAS , SHINOHARA AKIHIKO , KRAMP KATJA
Published: February 2017

The species formerly known as Pachyprotasis nigronotata Kriechbaumer, 1874 in Japan is described as P. kojimai Taeger & Shinohara, sp. nov. Both taxa are not very closely related, but were hitherto mixed up because of their similar coloration. The new species is endemic to the mountains of central Honshu and P. nigronotata is to be deleted from the fauna of Japan.
First record of Cephenniini on Christmas Island, with updated checklist of world Cephennomicrus species and summary of their distribution (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: February 2017

The tribe Cephenniini is reported for the first time to occur on Christmas Island (external territory of the Commonwealth of Australia). Cephennomicrus lawrencei sp. n. is described and illustrated; the new species shows similarities to several Oriental and Japanese congeners, with the endophallic complex of long flagellum flanked by elongate sclerites especially similar to that of Indonesian C. fesumatranus Jałoszyński. The distribution of world Cephennomicrus species is summarized, ranging from southern and central-eastern Africa, Madagascar, Indian Ocean islands, through Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, south-eastern China and Taiwan, the Ryukyus and Tsushima Island, eastern Papua New Guinea to Australia and southern Pacific islands. An updated checklist of Cephennomicrus species is provided.
Revision of Family Megacalanidae (Copepoda: Calanoida)
Authors: BRADFORD-GRIEVE JANET M. , BLANCO-BERCIAL LEOCADIO , BOXSHALL GEOFFREY A.
Published: February 2017

The Megacalanidae were revised based on new and archived material. Taxonomic confusion that has existed in the family is discussed and a method is suggested for stabilising names. A detailed examination of the morphology of this family, using the light microscope, has added further useful characters that distinguish genera and species. The added, hitherto undescribed species include character states incompatible with aspects of previous generic definitions (e.g. presence or absence of setae on the maxillule coxal endite). Nevertheless, the cladistic and molecular analyses confirmed that there are at least four monophyletic clades mostly with high bootstrap support. These clades represent already defined genera, one of which [Elenacalanus nom. nov. (nomen novum)] replaces the preoccupied name Heterocalanus Wolfenden, 1906. Four previously described species have been re-assigned to Elenacalanus in new combinations: E. princeps (Brady, 1883), E. eltaninae (Björnberg, 1968), E. sverdrupi (Johnson, 1958) and E. inflatus (Björnberg, 1968). Eleven new species are described: three Megacalanus, one Bradycalanus, six Bathycalanus, and one Elenacalanus nom. nov. Bradycalanus pseudotypicus enormis Björnberg, 1968 has been raised to species status based on genetic data although it can be only be distinguished morphologically from Br. typicus by its large size. All four genera are differentially diagnosed and keys are provided to the genera and species. We confirm that all male right antennules are geniculate in the Megacalanidae. Thirteen males are known. Of these males, eight are newly described (M. frosti n. sp., M. ericae n. sp., M. ohmani n. sp., Bathycalanus bradyi (Wolfenden, 1905a), Ba. dentatus n. sp., Ba. milleri n. sp., Ba. unicornis Björnberg, 1968, and Elenacalanus tageae n. sp.). We cannot be absolutely certain that the correct males have been assigned to the appropriate female so our decisions await testing with new data. The cladistic analysis provides the first morphology-based phylogeny. This scheme served as a working hypothesis which was tested and corroborated using the newly gathered molecular data. Vertical and horizontal distributions are summarised.
The superficial ant: a revision of the Neotropical ant-mimicking spider genus Myrmecium Latreille, 1824 (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae)
Authors: CANDIANI DAVID F. , BONALDO ALEXANDRE B.
Published: February 2017

The ant-mimiking spider genus Myrmecium Latreille, 1824 is revised, including 38 species, all herein diagnosed, described and illustrated. The following synonymies are proposed: Myrmecium aurantiacum Mello-Leitão, 1941 syn. nov. with M. camponotoides Mello-Leitão, 1932; M. gounellei Simon, 1896 syn. nov. and M. obscurum Keyserling, 1891 syn. nov. with M. latreillei Lucas, 1857; M. itatiaiae Mello-Leitão, 1932 syn. nov. and M. vertebratum Walckenaer, 1837 syn. nov. with M. rufum Latreille, 1824. Myrmecium bonaerense Holmberg, 1881 is considered as species inquirenda. Males of M. dacetoniforme, Mello-Leitão, 1932, M. fuscum Dahl, 1907, M. latreillei Lucas, 1857, M. trifasciatum Caporiacco, 1947 and adults of M. viehmeyeri Dahl, 1907 and M. reticulatum Dahl, 1907 are described for the first time. Myrmecium bifasciatum Taczanowski, 1874, M. monacanthum Simon, 1897 and M. rufum Latreille, 1824 are also redescribed and illustrated. The following 28 new species are described, diagnosed and illustrated: M. amphora sp. nov. (female from Chichiriviche, Venezuela); M. bolivari sp. nov. (male and female from Caracas and Sucre, Venezuela and Colombia); M. carajas sp. nov. (male from Pará, Brazil); M. carvalhoi sp. nov. (female from Piauí, Tocantins and Goiás, Brazil); M. catuxy sp. nov. (female from Amazonas, Brazil and Puerto Lopez, Colombia); M. chikish sp. nov. (female from Huánuco, Peru); M. cizauskasi sp. nov. (male and female from Amazonas, Brazil); M. oliveirai sp. nov. (male from Amazonas, Brazil); M. deladanta sp. nov. (male from Sucúmbios, Ecuador); M. diasi sp. nov. (male and female from Amazonas, Brazil); M. erici sp. nov. (female from British Guiana); M. ferro sp. nov. (female from Paraiba, Brazil); M. indicatti sp. nov. (male and female from Pará, Brazil); M. nogueirai sp. nov. (female from Amazonas, Brazil and Madre de Dios, Peru); M. lomanhungae sp. nov. (male and female from Amazonas and Pará, Brazil); M. machetero sp. nov. (female from Beni, Bolivia); M. malleum sp. nov. (male and female from Aragua and Lara, Venezuela and Caldas, Colombia); M. oompaloompa sp. nov. (male and female from Bahia, Brazil and Kurupukari, Guyana); M. otti sp. nov. (male and female from Pará, Amazonas and Mato Grosso, Brazil and Madre de Dios in Peru); M. pakpaka sp. nov. (male and female from Huánuco, Peru); M. raveni sp. nov. (male and female from Amazonas and Pará, Brazil); M. ricettii sp. nov. (male and female from the states of Pará, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Goiás and Mato Grosso, Brazil and Puerto Lopez, Colombia); M. luepa sp. nov. (male from Bolívar, Venezuela); M. souzai sp. nov. (male from Amazonas, Brazil); M. tanguro sp. nov. (male and female from Rondonia, Mato Grosso, Brazil); M. tikuna sp. nov. (male from Amazonas, Brazil); M. urucu sp. nov. (female from Amazonas, Brazil); M. yamamotoi sp. nov. (male and female from Amapá, Amazonas and Pará, Brazil and Marowijne, Suriname).
Comments on “Multiscale Structure and Evolution of Hurricane Earl (2010) during Rapid Intensification”
Authors: Elsberry Russell L. , Park Myung-Sook
Published: February 2017

This comment addresses the Tropical Storm (TS) Earl upper-level vortex structure changes during a critical stage leading to the onset of rapid intensification as described by Rogers et al. Whereas the first NOAA WP-3D mission in TS Earl provided evidence of a shallow, broad vortex structure, the second WP-3D mission just 12 h later documented a deep, vertically stacked vortex undergoing rapid intensification. The authors attribute this vortex structure change to vertical alignment processes between the low-level Earl vortex and an upper-tropospheric mesoscale vortex about 50 km to the east in the mission 1 analyses.

An alternate environmental control explanation is proposed in which a special kind of upper-tropospheric vertical wind shear (VWS) associated with the outflow of Hurricane Danielle to the northwest of TS Earl is the primary factor. Two estimates of the vertical wind shear changes are interpreted relative to the diurnal convective maximum/minimum to explain how the shallow vortex during mission 1 may have been created. It is proposed that the vigorous convection over sea surface temperatures of about 30°C during the diurnal convective maximum period between mission 1 and mission 2 was able to offset the moderate VWS as Hurricane Danielle had moved farther away from Earl. Thus, an explanation for the vertically stacked TS Earl vortex observed during mission 2 in terms of an environmental VWS modulation of the diurnally varying convective processes is proposed as an alternative to a vortex realignment.
FGF Signaling Prevents the Terminal Differentiation of Odontoblasts
Authors: Sagomonyants K. , Kalajzic I. , Maye P. , Mina M.
Published: February 2017

Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family play essential and important roles in primary and reparative dentinogenesis, with conflicting results regarding their effects on odontoblast differentiation. Our recent studies showed that the effects of FGF2 on cells in odontoblast lineage were stage-specific and depended on the stage of cell maturity. Continuous exposure of pulp cells to FGF2 inhibited odontoblast differentiation, whereas early and limited exposure of pulp cells to FGF2 resulted in marked increases in odontoblast differentiation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating the inhibitory effects of FGF2 on odontoblast differentiation. To do so, we examined the effects of the addition of FGF2 during the differentiation/mineralization phase of the in vitro growth of pulp cultures derived from a series of green fluorescent protein reporter transgenic mice that display stage-specific activation of transgenes during odontoblast differentiation. Our results showed that this treatment first stimulated the differentiation of remaining progenitors in pulp cultures into functional odontoblasts but prevented their differentiation into mature odontoblasts. In addition, this treatment inhibited expression of markers of osteogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of FGF2 on odontoblast differentiation were mediated through activation of FGFR/MEK/Erk1/2 signaling and downregulation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling, with negative and positive roles in the expression of Dmp1 and Dspp, respectively, during the advanced stage of odontoblast differentiation.
Correlation of Objective Audiometric and Caloric Function in Ménière’s Disease
Authors: McMullen Kyle P. , Lin Chen , Harris Michael S. , Adunka Oliver F.
Published: February 2017

Objective

Ménière’s disease affects the vestibular and audiologic systems; however, little is known about the relationship between audiometric and caloric function with increasing duration of disease. We employed a novel methodology to understand the longitudinal correlation between audiometric and caloric function in Ménière’s patients.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Neuro‐otologic tertiary care practice.

Subjects and Methods

Charts of 19 patients with unilateral Ménière’s disease, as classified by the 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Foundation criteria, were examined. We included patients with ≥2 videonystagmograms and audiograms. We excluded those with bilateral Ménière’s, prior audiovestibular destruction, or symptoms suggesting concomitant vestibular pathology. Spearman’s rank correlation of audiometric status (pure tone average [PTA], low PTA, and word recognition score [WRS]) and vestibular function (bithermal calorics) was performed. The study was Institutional Review Board approved (protocol 2015H0266).

Results

A total of 112 audiograms and 42 videonystagmographies were performed. There was a decline in affected ear hearing PTA and WRS with duration of disease (r = 0.602, P <. 001, and r = −0.573, P <. 001, respectively). Similarly, there was a decline in vestibular function with increasing duration of disease (r = 0.709, P <. 001). There were moderate correlations between vestibular weakness and PTA, low PTA, and WRS (r = 0.464, P =. 002; r = 0.498, P =. 001; and r = −0.518, P =. 001, respectively).

Conclusions

There is a correlation between decline in objective hearing and horizontal semicircular canal function with time. As expected, this correlation is not 1:1, indicating differential involvement of both systems. Understanding this relationship may assist in counseling patients with regard to prognosis, natural history, and therapeutic interventions.
Cutaneous Sensibility Changes in Bell’s Palsy Patients
Authors: Cárdenas Palacio Carlos Andrés , Múnera Galarza Francisco Alejandro
Published: February 2017

Objective

Bell’s palsy is a cranial nerve VII dysfunction that renders the patient unable to control facial muscles from the affected side. Nevertheless, some patients have reported cutaneous changes in the paretic area. Therefore, cutaneous sensibility changes might be possible additional symptoms within the clinical presentation of this disorder. Accordingly, the aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between cutaneous sensibility and facial paralysis severity in these patients.

Study Design

Prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Settings

Tertiary care medical center.

Subjects and Methods

Twelve acute‐onset Bell’s palsy patients were enrolled from March to September 2009. In addition, 12 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy volunteers were tested. Cutaneous sensibility was evaluated with pressure threshold and 2‐point discrimination at 6 areas of the face. Facial paralysis severity was evaluated with the House‐Brackmann scale.

Results

Statistically significant correlations based on the Spearman’s test were found between facial paralysis severity and cutaneous sensitivity on forehead, eyelid, cheek, nose, and lip (P <. 05). Additionally, significant differences based on the Student’s t test were observed between both sides of the face in 2‐point discrimination on eyelid, cheek, and lip (P <. 05) in Bell’s palsy patients but not in healthy subjects.

Conclusion

Such results suggest a possible relationship between the loss of motor control of the face and changes in facial sensory information processing. Such findings are worth further research about the neurophysiologic changes associated with the cutaneous sensibility disturbances of these patients.
Risk of Nodal Metastasis in Major Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Megwalu Uchechukwu C. , Sirjani Davud
Published: February 2017

Objective

To determine the risk of nodal metastasis, examine risk factors for nodal metastasis, and evaluate the impact of nodal metastasis on survival in patients with major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study from a large population‐ based cancer database.

Methods

Data were extracted from the SEER 18 database (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) of the National Cancer Institute. The study cohort included 720 patients diagnosed with major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma between 1988 and 2013.

Results

The overall rate of lymph node metastasis was 17%. T3 disease (odds ratio, 4.74) and T4 disease (odds ratio, 9.24) were associated with increased risk of nodal metastasis. Age, sex, and site were not associated with nodal metastasis. Nodal metastasis was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.56) and disease‐specific survival (hazard ratio, 3.27), after adjusting for T stage, presence of distant metastasis, site, surgical resection, radiotherapy, neck dissection, age, sex, race, marital status, and year of diagnosis.

Conclusion

Major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma carries significant risk of nodal metastasis. Advanced T stage is associated with increased risk of nodal metastasis. Nodal metastasis is associated with worse survival.
Current Interview Trail Metrics in the Otolaryngology Match
Authors: Cabrera‐Muffly Cristina , Chang C. W. David , Puscas Liana
Published: February 2017

Objectives

To identify how applicants to otolaryngology residency determine how to apply to, interview with, and rank programs on the interview trail and to determine the extent of the financial burden of the otolaryngology interview trail.

Study Design

Web‐based survey distributed in March and April 2016.

Setting

Otolaryngology residency applicants throughout the United States.

Subjects and Methods

Applicants to otolaryngology residency during the 2016 match cycle and current otolaryngology residents were surveyed.

Results

Median number of applications, interview offers, interviews attended, and programs ranked was not different during the 2016 match and the previous 5 match years. The most important factor affecting the number of applications was the need to apply widely to ensure sufficient interview offers. The most common reason for declining an interview offer was scheduling conflict. Applicants during the 2016 match spent a median of $5400 applying and interviewing for otolaryngology residency.

Conclusions

Median number of applications, interview offers, interviews attended, and programs ranked has not changed. The most cited reason for applying to many programs was to increase the chances of matching, but this is not statistically likely to increase match success. We advocate for continued attempts to make the otolaryngology match process more transparent for both applicants and resident selection committees, but recognize that applicants are likely to continue to overapply for otolaryngology residency positions.
Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Studies Evaluating Functional Rhinoplasty Outcomes with the NOSE Score
Authors: Floyd Elizabeth Mia , Ho Sandra , Patel Prayag , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Gordin Eli
Published: February 2017

Objective

To provide aggregate data regarding the ability of functional rhinoplasty to improve nasal obstruction as measured by the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score.

Data Sources

PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane databases.

Review Methods

A search was performed with the terms “nasal obstruction” and “rhinoplasty.” Studies were included if they evaluated the effect of functional rhinoplasty on nasal obstruction with the NOSE score. Case reports, narratives, and articles that did not use the NOSE score were excluded. Functional rhinoplasty was defined as surgery on the nasal valve. This search resulted in 665 articles. After dual‐investigator independent screening, 16 articles remained. Study results were pooled with a random effects model of meta‐analysis. Change in NOSE score after surgery was assessed via the mean difference between baseline and postoperative results and the standardized mean difference. Heterogeneity was assessed and reported through the I2 statistic.

Results

Patients in the included studies had moderate to severe nasal obstructive symptoms at baseline. The NOSE scores were substantially improved at 3‐6, 6‐12, and ≥12 months, with absolute reductions of 50 points (95% CI, 45‐54), 43 points (95% CI, 36‐51), and 49 points (95% CI, 39‐58), respectively. All of these analyses showed high heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Nasal obstruction as measured by the NOSE survey is reduced by 43 to 50 points (out of 100 points) for 12 months after rhinoplasty. Our confidence in these results is limited by heterogeneity among studies, large variability in outcomes beyond 12 months, and the inherent potential for bias in observational studies.
Distinct roles for TET family proteins in regulating human erythropoiesis
Authors: Yan Hongxia , Wang Yaomei , Qu Xiaoli , Li Jie , Hale John , Huang Yumin , An Chao , Papoin Julien , Guo Xinhua , Chen Lixiang , Kang Qiaozhen , Li Wei , Schulz Vincent P. , Gallagher Patrick G. , Hillyer Christopher D. , Mohandas Narla , An Xiuli
Published: February 2017

Key Points

TET3 knockdown impairs terminal erythroid differentiation, whereas TET2 knockdown leads to accumulation of erythroid progenitors. Global levels of 5mC are not altered by knockdown of either TET2 or TET3.
Targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase with ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Noy Ariela , de Vos Sven , Thieblemont Catherine , Martin Peter , Flowers Christopher R. , Morschhauser Franck , Collins Graham P. , Ma Shuo , Coleman Morton , Peles Shachar , Smith Stephen , Barrientos Jacqueline C. , Smith Alina , Munneke Brian , Dimery Isaiah , Beaupre Darrin M. , Chen Robert
Published: February 2017

Key Points

Single-agent ibrutinib induced durable remissions (ORR 48%) with a favorable benefit–risk profile in patients with previously treated MZL. Inhibition of BCR signaling with ibrutinib provides a treatment option without chemotherapy for an MZL population with high unmet need.
How oblique extension and structural inheritance influence rift segment interaction: Insights from 4D analog models
Authors: Zwaan Frank , Schreurs Guido
Published: February 2017

Rifting of the continental lithosphere involves the initial formation of distinct rift segments, often along preexisting crustal heterogeneities resulting from preceding tectonic phases. Progressive extension, either orthogonal or oblique, causes these rift segments to interact and connect, ultimately leading to a full-scale rift system. We study continental rift interaction processes with the use of analog models to test the influence of a range of structural inheritance (seed) geometries and various degrees of oblique extension. The inherited geometry involves main seeds, offset in a right-stepping fashion, along which rift segments form as well as the presence or absence of secondary seeds connecting the main seeds. X-ray computer tomography techniques are used to analyze the 3D models through time, and results are compared with natural examples. Our experiments indicate that the extension direction exerts a key influence on rift segment interaction. Rift segments are more likely to connect through discrete fault structures under dextral oblique extension conditions because they generally propagate toward each other. In contrast, sinistral oblique extension commonly does not result in hard linkage because rift segment tend to grow apart. These findings also hold when the system is mirrored: left-stepping rift segments under sinistral and dextral oblique extension conditions, respectively. However, under specific conditions, when the right-stepping rift segments are laterally far apart, sinistral oblique extension can produce hard linkage in the shape of a strike-slip-dominated transfer zone. A secondary structural inheritance between rift segments might influence rift linkage, but only when the extension direction is favorable for activation. Otherwise, propagating rifts will simply align perpendicularly to the extension direction. When secondary structural grains do reactivate, the resulting transfer zone and the strike of internal faults follow their general orientation. However, these structures can be slightly oblique due to the influence of the extension direction. Several of the characteristic structures observed in our models are also present in natural rift settings such as the Rhine-Bresse Transfer Zone, the Rio Grande Rift, and the East African Rift System.
Retos para las intervenciones psicológicas y psicosociales en Colombia en el marco de la implementación de los acuerdos de paz entre el gobierno y las FARC-EP
Authors: Gutiérrez-Peláez Miguel
Published: February 2017

Editorial
Choosing the most appropriate cannula for dermal filler treatments
Authors: Landau Marina
Published: February 2017

Over the past few years, there has been a major shift from the use of sharp needles for dermal filler injections to blunt cannulas. Although cannulas are considered to be safe and to achieve effective cosmetic outcomes, there is a lack of clinical studies comparing different products. Marina Landau reviews the literature and shares her experience in choosing cannulas for this aesthetic procedure
Exploring the versatility of fillers: volumisation and stimulation
Authors: Zenker Sabine
Published: February 2017

Facial ageing is an ongoing, complex process affecting many different anatomical regions in various ways. Biodegradable dermal fillers are a well-known, effective treatment option to replace lost facial volume at different anatomical levels. Sabine Zenker outlines a practice-oriented, science-based approach for using fillers in versatile ways to meet patient needs
Ending abuse against women and girls
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: February 2017

A conference on domestic abuse examined the current situation facing women and girls, and revealed government efforts and public sector initiatives to help with prevention
How much do you know about changing models of care?
Authors: Pow Andrew
Published: February 2017

Special medical accountant Andrew Pow offers an essential guide for practice managers on how new care models could affect GP practices
Making tax digital for GP practices
Authors: Elliot David
Published: February 2017

HMRC are planning to make digital tax a reality by making radical changes to the way the UK's tax system works. What does this mean for your practice?
The hyperplanes of DW(5,F) arising from the Grassmann embedding
Authors: De Bruyn Bart , Kwiatkowski Mariusz
Published: February 2017

The hyperplanes of the symplectic dual polar space DW(5; F) that arise from the Grassmann embedding have been classied in [B.N. Cooperstein and B. De Bruyn. Points and hyperplanes of the universal embedding space of the dual polar space DW(5; q), q odd. Michigan Math. J., 58:195{212, 2009.] in case F is a finite field of odd characteristic, and in [B. De Bruyn. Hyperplanes of DW(5;K) with K a perfect eld of characteristic 2. J. Algebraic Combin., 30:567{584, 2009.] in case F is a perfect eld of characteristic 2. In the present paper, these classifications are extended to arbitrary fields. In the case of characteristic 2 however, it was not possible to provide a complete classification. The main tool in the proof is the classification of the quasi-Sp(V; f)-equivalence classes of trivectors of a 6-dimensional symplectic vector space (V; f) obtained in [B. De Bruyn and M. Kwiatkowski. A 14-dimensional module for the symplectic group: orbits on vectors. Comm. Algebra,43:4553{4569, 2015.
Prospective journalism redux: The new life of political magazines in the digital age
Authors: Pérez Francisco Seoane
Published: February 2017

Political magazines offer a vantage point for evaluating the present and future of in-depth journalism in the digital age. The death spiral of newsweeklies overshadows the increasing influence of political magazines in the national and global debates. Publications like The Atlantic or The Nation keep on advancing policy solutions and inoculating debates on other more mainstream media as they have done for more than a hundred years, but they are also being reshaped by the new digital environment: their online readers are more numerous but less loyal than their print subscribers, and their publics have become more international, with one-third of their audiences coming from outside their home country. This article reports on the views of journalists and editors from American political magazines regarding three issues: the role of their publications in the public sphere (inter-media agenda setting, prospective policy solutions), the differences between their print and digital versions (in terms of audience and content), and their economic sustainability (reflecting on the ethical conundrums of native advertising and sponsored events). Cases studied include The Atlantic, The Economist, The Nation, Bloomberg Businessweek and The New Republic.
Slovenian Puppet Base Jumping
Authors: Lazar Martina Maurič
Published: February 2017

The contribution provides a deliberation on the current state of affairs in the field of puppet art in Slovenia. The author of the article is a member of the Ljubljana Puppet Theatre and thus relates her understanding of the state of Slovene puppetry from the subjective viewpoint of a co-creator. The article focuses on understanding the structure of two professional puppet theatres in Slovenia (Ljubljana Puppet Theatre and Puppet Theatre Maribor), as well as independent freelance artists. She stresses the sensitivity in developments in puppetry and care for its comprehensive development.
The Museum of Puppetry a Ljubljana Castle
Authors: Teržan Vesna
Published: February 2017

The recent acquisition of space for the Museum of Puppetry at Ljubljana Castle (on the occasion of the centenary of puppet art in Slovenia) is one of the more important steps towards achieving the goal of finally granting puppet art its proper place among the performing arts as well as in the entire history of art in Slovenia. The greater part of the museum mission has been taken over by Ljubljana Puppet Theatre, wherein they prepared an excellent work project and brought to fruition one of the best museum presentations in Slovenia around. They present the history of Slovenian puppetry at a very high professional level (authors: Ajda Rooss and Nadja Ocepek) and, at the same time, have established that the collection must be studied carefully and properly preserved and restored (Zala Kalan). Thus, the new museum has achieved a perfect balance between fun, play, cultivation and education.
The Axe-Files
Authors: Ivanova-Brashinskaya Anna
Published: February 2017

The St. Petersburg-based AXE was founded in 1989 and describes itself as “Russian Engineering Theatre”. Their productions are not a ready-made stage performances but rather an interactive building process between actor and pace. Instead of the polished result of their work, AXE shares their raw and unfinished process with the audience. Due to the absence of an adequate vocabulary which would allow the author to describe and analyze their work, we present a lexicon, consisting of professional terms and images, thus enabling a discourse on this 27-year-old theatre phenomenon.
Financial aspects of community pharmacies in Slovakia (2009-2014) Finančné aspekty verejných lekární na Slovensku v rokoch 2009-2014
Authors: Komjathy Hajnalka
Published: February 2017

Community pharmacies play an important role in the process of ensuring public health. Pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care that includes acquiring, storing, preparing, reviewing and dispensing medicines, medical devices and dietary food to the inhabitants; providing them with information and advice; acquiring, storing and dispensing additional assortment; carrying out physical and biochemical testing for primary prevention and monitoring of drug efficacy and safety. At present, there are constant changes which have direct or potential and often negative impact on community pharmacies. For providing affordable and good quality pharmaceutical care, it is important to continuously monitor and analyse the developments in the financial data in community pharmacy business management. The data file from 2009-2014 on financial performance of selected community pharmacies were obtained from the Register of Financial Statements at Ministry of Finance Slovak Republic. A group of 194 community pharmacies were selected that represented more than 10 percent of all pharmacies. The selection criteria respected the territorial division of the Slovak Republic on districts, the size of municipalities (cities and villages) and location (at or near health centres, shopping centres, housing estates, etc.). The evaluation parameters were gross profit, net profit, revenue from sales of goods and services, operating expenses, total assets, inventory, short-term receivables, total receivables, financial assets, owner’s equity, total liabilities, current liabilities and their characteristics (25th, 50th, 75th percentile, minimum, maximum, mean). The financial parameters obtained and their characteristics presented the basic information on the management of community pharmacies. The data also provided information for further assessment on factors that might have an impact on their value and direction of evolution.
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases and Klinefelter syndrome Autoimunitné reumatické choroby a Klinefelterov syndróm
Authors: Lazúrová I. , Rovenský J. , Imrich R. , Blažíčková S. , Lazúrová Z. , Payer J.
Published: February 2017

The article summarizes data on the association of Klinefelter syndrome (KS) with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, that is rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis (SSc), mixed connective tissue diseases (MCTD), Sjogren’s syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Recently, a higher risk for RA, SLE and Sjogren’s syndrome in patients with KS has been clearly demonstrated. However, the association of other autoimmune rheumatic disorders such as dermatomyositis/polymyositis, SSc, MCTD and APS is reported only casually. Based on the hormonal changes in KS, there are suggestions that low androgen and higher estrogen levels might be a predisposing factor for the development of autoimmune diseases, but evidence for the association is poor. Epidemiologic studies on larger cohorts of patients are required.
The Potential Of The Soil For Stabilisation Of Organic Carbon In Soil Aggregates
Authors: Tobiašová Erika
Published: February 2017

Carbon stabilisation in soil is the result of interaction between the chemical and physical mechanisms of protection and the dominance of the mechanism depends not only on the long-term constant characteristics of soil but also on the properties, which can be partly influenced by human activities. In this study, the potential of the soil for stabilisation of carbon (Ps) in different soil types depending on soil properties was compared. Experiment included six soils (Eutric Fluvisol, Mollic Fluvisol, Haplic Chernozem, Haplic Luvisol, Eutric Cambisol, and Rendzic Leptosol) of different land uses (forest, meadow, urban, and agro-ecosystem) in Slovakia. Ps was determined with dependence on the ratio of labile and stable fractions of carbon in the soil macro-aggregates. Ps was in an exponential dependence (r = 0.942; P < 0.01) with production potential of the soil, and the fractions of dry-sieved aggregates larger than 3 mm play an important role in the first stages of the carbon stabilisation. The suitable parameter, which reflects the changes in carbon stability in the soil is the ratio of the labile carbon and non-labile carbon in the soil macro-aggregates (L/NL). Lower values of L/NL that indicate a higher stability of carbon were determined at a higher pH, at the higher content of carbonates and exchangeable basic cations, and at a higherportion of humic acids free and bound with mobile sesquioxides R2O3.
Effectiveness Of Soil Conservation To Erosion Control On Several Land Use Types
Authors: Satriawan Halus , Harahap Erwin Masrul ,   Rahmawaty, Karim Abubakar
Published: February 2017

The erosion plot method for direct evaluation in agriculture became necessary to (1) quantify soil erosion on cocoa, areca and oil palm, (2) determine the most effective soil conservation, and (3) calculate nutrient content in sediment. The experiment was treated with three conservation practices and the conventional treatment as control in a completely randomised block design. The results showed for the areca land use, that soil conservation with ridges + maize produced the lowest erosion (1.68 t/ha). For cocoa land use, the ridges + groundnut treatment produced the lowest erosion (8.2 t/ha). For oil palm land use, the cover crop of Mucuna bracteata had lowest erosion yield (12.2 t/ha). Soil conservation techniques significantly affected the levels of organic C and available P under the cocoa land use, where ridges + maize have the lowest content of organic C and available P in soil sediment (1.03% and 0.69 ppm). Soil conservation at areca land use also has a significant effect on the levels of organic C and available N, but it did not affect significantly the levels of available P and exchangeable K sediments, where ridges + groundnut have lowest organic C and available N in sediment (1.4% and 0.18%). Furthermore, soil conservation on the land use of oil palm showed a significant effect on the levels of available P, but did not significantly affect the levels of organic C, available N and exchangeable K sediments. Soil conservation with cover crops Mucuna bracteata showed the lowest available P in sediments (0.86 ppm).
The effects of soil management practices on soil organic matter changes within a productive vineyard in the Nitra viticulture area (Slovakia)
Authors: Šimanský Vladimír , Polláková Nora
Published: February 2017

Since understanding soil organic matter (SOM) content and quality is very important, in the present study we evaluated parameters of SOM including: carbon lability (LC), lability index (LI), carbon pool index (CPI) and carbon management index (CMI) in the soil as well as in the water-stable aggregates (WSA) under different soil management practices in a commercial vineyard (established on Rendzic Leptosol in the Nitra viticulture area, Slovakia). Soil samples were taken in spring during the years 2008–2015 from the following treatments: G (grass, control), T (tillage and intensive cultivation), T+FYM (tillage + farmyard manure), G+NPK3 (grass + 3rd intensity of fertilisation for vineyards), and G+NPK1 (grass + 1st intensity of fertilisation for vineyards). The highest LI values in soil were found for the G+NPK3 and T+FYM fertilised treatments and the lowest for the unfertilised intensively tilled treatments. The CPI in the soil increased as follows: T < G+NPK3 < T+FYM < G+NPK1. The highest accumulation of carbon as well as decomposable organic matter occurred in G+NPK1 compared to other fertilised treatments, while intensive tillage caused a decrease. On average, the values of LI in WSA increased in the sequence G+NPK1 < T+FYM < G+NPK3 < T. Our results showed that the greatest SOM vulnerability to degradation was observed in the WSA under T treatment, and the greatest values of CPI in WSA were detected as a result of fertiliser application in 3rd intensity for vineyards and farmyard manure application.
La production des récits dans les manifestations panarabes : l’exemple du colloque sur les styles contemporains des arts plastiques arabes (1972)
Authors: Nakhli Alia
Published: February 2017

À travers l’étude d’un événement scientifique et artistique, le colloque sur les styles contemporains des arts plastiques arabes qui s’est tenu en Tunisie en 1972 et qui a été organisé sous l’égide de l’Organisation des Nations unies pour l’éducation, la science et la culture (l’UNESCO) ainsi que l’Union Générale des Artistes Plasticiens Arabes (UGAPA) Al-itihâd al-‘âm li-l-fannânîn al-tashkîliyyn al-‘arab, nous avons voulu mettre en avant les circulations et les échanges artistiques entre le Machrek et le Maghreb qui ont marqué les années 1970. Aussi notre article met en lumière et interroge les discours produits et diffusés par les artistes à l’occasion de cette manifestation. D’autre part, nous voulons apporter quelques éclairages sur l’oubli dans l’historiographie de telles manifestations ; ainsi même si la participation de la Tunisie à ces événements panarabes était célébrée, dans ce début des années 1970, que ce soit par la presse ou par les acteurs eux-mêmes, ces événements sont complètement tombés dans l’oubli, à partir de la deuxième moitié des années 1980.