bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AGAMA DJAWA SUNDA (ADS) RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT
Authors: Komarudin Didin
Published: May 2017

The study explains that the principles and purposes of the Agama Djawa Sunda - ADS is to serve by the Lord’s command and humanity. ADS believers view religion is not just as a belief, but rather as a measure of life. They also interpret religion as humans rule (rule of man in the act). They call the Lord the Lord as the Gusti Pengeran Si Kang Sawiji-wiji (the One and Only God), the way they pray to their God is not bound by time and place, it can be done anytime and anywhere because the important point is always rembering God. ADS has titis tulis verse called as “pikukuh tilu” (three powers) that becomes a guideline in everyday life, in relation with God and others.

Penelitian memberikan penjelasan bahwa asas dan tujuan Agama Djawa Sunda adalah mengabdi kepada perintah Tuhan dan kepada perikemanusiaan. Penganut ADS memandang agama bukan hanya sebagai kepercayaan saja, melainkan lebih sebagai ukuran hidup, mereka juga memaknai agama sebagai aturan gawe manusai (aturan manusia dalam berperilaku). Mereka menyebut Tuhannya dengan sebutan Gusti Pengeran Si Kang Sawiji-wiji, cara mereka menyembah Tuhannya tidak terikat oleh waktu dan tempat, bisa dilakukan kapanpun dan dimanapun karena yang penting adalah intinya yaitu selalu mengingat Tuhan. ADS memiliki ayat titis tulis yang disebut pikukuh tilu yang menjadi pedoman dan penduan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, dalam berketuhanan dan bereperikemanusiaan.
سبق الإسلام تأريخيًا وتفوقه في إرساء حقوق الإنسان (دراسة مقارنة بين التشريع الإسلامي والنظم الوضعية)
Authors: Mustafa Abdalrazeq Yousif Abdallah
Published: May 2017

هذه دراسة تدور محاورها حول التشريع الإسلامي والنظم الوضعية. هدفت الدراسة إلى إبراز دور الإسلام التأريخي في إرساء حقوق الإنسان، انتهجت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وتناولت الدراسة الموضوع بالبحث والتحليل معتمدةً في ذلك على التشريع الإسلامي وما جاءت به الحضارة الإسلامية التي سادت العالم، ذلك بأن التشريع الإسلامي إلهي المصدر وصالح لكل زمان ومكان، على عكس النظم الوضعية التي تتحدث عن قضية الساعة، وقد استشهدت الدراسة بمجموعة من أقوال رجال النظم الوضعية مقارنة في موضوع البحث التي ظهر من خلالها تفوق التشريع الإسلامي بصورة واضحة نالت إعجاب واعتراف كثير من العلماء والمفكرين في العالم.

This study covers Islamic law and positive law, which aims to show the role of Islam in the history of establishing human rights. It employs inductive analytic approach. Hence, it mainly refers to the law of Islam (Islamic tasyri') and what is brought by Islamic civilization leading the world. It is due to the fact that Islamic tasyri’ comes from Allah and is worth of all time and place. On the contrary, the positive law made by man deals with the problems related to time and conditions. This study is supported by legal experts to compare both laws. The finding shows the obvious advantage of Islamic tasyri' rather than other regulation or positive law. Its overwhelming advantage is also confirmed by world legal experts
معجزة القرآن الكريم خصائصها وأثرها على ثقافة الشعوب
Authors: Bkheet Bakri Mohamed
Published: May 2017

يتحدث هذا البحث عن معجزة القرآن الكريم وما حباها الله تعالى به من خصائص فريدة، جعلت لها التميز عن كل المعجزات، ولذلك كان لها الأثر الفعَّال في تغيير حياة كل الشعوب، وتعديل أنماط حياتهم إلى ما هو أفضل في الأخلاق والقِيم والسلوك الفردي والجماعي، ولم يقتصر دورها على شعب دون شعب أو أمة دون أمة، بل كان أثرها عاما كما هي معجزة لكل العالمِين.

This study explores the miracles of the Qur’an as well as its superiorities given by Allah that distinguish it from the other miracles. One of the miracles is its power to influence and change the life of a nation into a better living, both individually and socially. The notable miracle of the Qur’an is not limited to a particular nation or community, but its effect is general as the miracle for the whole universe
Nathan Rosenberg: historiador das revoluções tecnológicas e de suas interpretações econômicas
Authors: Albuquerque Eduardo da Motta e
Published: May 2017

Nathan Rosenberg (1927-2015) é um dos pilares da elaboração neoschumpeteriana e, ao lado de Christopher Freeman e Richard Nelson, um dos responsáveis pelo conjunto de obras que estabelecem pontos de partida para a abordagem evolucionista em meados dos anos 1970. Este artigo discute um elemento paradoxal na obra de Rosenberg: um autor cético quanto às ondas longas do desenvolvimento capitalista que gerou trabalhos decisivos para entender o impacto de longo prazo de revoluções tecnológicas. Parte de Schumpeter e do esquema invenção-inovaçãoimitação para demonstrar como o processo é mais complexo e multifacetado. O resultado é uma visão bem mais elaborada da propagação de revoluções tecnológicas, sistematizada no estudo da trajetória de diversas inovações radicais: motor a combustão, química, eletricidade e eletrônica. Essa contribuição teórica alimenta um diálogo com a elaboração das general purpose technologies (GPTs), que constituem uma abordagem que contém um diálogo com formulações neoschumpeterianas sobre as ondas longas do desenvolvimento capitalista.
Modelos teóricos e interesses de mensuração no surgimento da pesquisa de inovação brasileira (Pintec)
Authors: Silva Diego Rafael de Moraes , Furtado André Tosi
Published: May 2017

O surgimento da Pesquisa de Inovação (Pintec), em 2002, constituiu uma novidade radical em termos de mensuração da inovação no Brasil. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre quais foram as motivações para sua realização. Nosso objetivo é analisar a gênese da Pintec. Para retraçar suas origens, realizamos entrevistas abertas com uma amostra intencional dos atores-chave envolvidos na sua construção conceitual-metodológica e fizemos uma revisão bibliográfica acerca da trajetória histórica dos indicadores de inovação e de seus modelos teóricos e interesses de mensuração. Partindo das entrevistas e da revisão bibliográfica, evidenciou-se que a Pintec é fruto de uma direta e incisiva demanda do Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia (MCT), que a levou a adotar um modelo “híbrido” de survey de inovação, contemplando uma robusta seção acerca das atividades de P&D, algo incomum nesse tipo de pesquisa. Concluímos que este modelo possui limitações, embora sejam inegáveis as contribuições da pesquisa para o debate sobre inovação no Brasil.
Instituições e Políticas Moldando o Desenvolvimento Industrial: uma nota introdutória
Authors: Cimoli Mario , Dosi Giovanni , Nelson Richard R. , Stiglitz Joseph
Published: May 2017

Neste trabalho, elaborado como introdução às contribuições da força-tarefa sobre Políticas Industriais e Desenvolvimento, Iniciativa para o Diálogo sobre Políticas (Columbia University, Nova York), discutimos o papel das instituições e políticas no processo de desenvolvimento. Iniciamos argumentando sobre o quanto a terminologia das “falhas de mercado” pode ser enganosa para avaliar a necessidade de políticas públicas por fazer essa avaliação com base num padrão de medida que é raramente observado em qualquer mercado. Muito mais próximos da evidência empírica, nós argumentamos que mesmo quando o mercado prevalece como forma de governança de interações econômicas, estas se encontram entranhadas numa rica malha de instituições não-mercado. Isto se aplica de modo geral e particularmente à produção e uso de informação e conhecimento tecnológico. Neste trabalho nos baseamos nesse entranhamento institucional fundamental de processos de aprendizado tecnológico, tanto em países desenvolvidos quanto em países que buscam alcançar a fronteira tecnológica (catching-up), e tentamos identificar alguns ingredientes robustos de políticas que têm historicamente acompanhado a co-evolução de capacitações tecnológicas, formas de organização das empresas, e mecanismos de incentivos. Todas as experiências bem-sucedidas de catching-up e, às vezes, superação dos líderes econômicos prevalecentes – a começar pelos Estados Unidos em relação à Grã-Bretanha – envolveram “construção institucional” e medidas de políticas que afetam a imitação tecnológica, a organização de indústrias, padrões de comércio internacional, e direitos de propriedade intelectual. Argumentamos que isto certamente se aplica hoje também, mesmo no contexto de uma economia mundial “globalizada”.
Estratégia para Fundos Setoriais
Authors: Pacheco Carlos Américo
Published: May 2017

O documento apresentado a seguir foi elaborado em fins de 1999 para subsidiar a reunião com o Presidente da República, realizada em dezembro daquele ano, em que foi decidida a criação dos Fundos Setoriais. A idéia dos Fundos já havia amadurecido no âmbito do Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia, ao longo de 1999. Na elaboração do Plano Plurianual (PPA), o diagnóstico deixava clara a necessidade do que foi identificado como “a construção de um novo padrão de financiamento”. Uma das diretrizes do PPA afirmava ser preciso “consolidar um conjunto de fundos setoriais, especialmente aqueles vinculados a concessões públicas e com significativos impactos sobre o processo de geração e difusão de novas tecnologias”.
Adriano Batista Dias - Santos=Dumont: o inovador
Authors: Sicsú Abraham Benzaquen
Published: May 2017

Escrito no ano alusivo ao centenário do vôo do 14-BIS, o livro de Adriano Batista Dias traz um contributo significativo para a compreensão do papel de Santos Dumont na História da Aviação. Cabe destacar, a priori, que o autor é um apaixonado pelos avanços científicos na área, desde seus 15 anos de idade, quando ganhou um prêmio da Aeronáutica na comemoração do cinqüentenário do primeiro vôo de Santos Dumont com um equipamento de maior densidade que o ar. E esta paixão não está ausente ao livro. Em alguns trechos nota-se que seu fascínio podem ter levado a uma visão pessoal, a qual pode ser questionada por outras óticas, em nada diminuindo a importância da obra. É o caso, por exemplo, da ligação de Dumont com o Brasil e a influência de sua infância na visão de mundo e na busca do bem comum.
Inovações, Pequenas Empresas e Interações com Instituições de Ensino/Pesquisa em Arranjos Produtivos Locais de Setores de Tecnologia Avançada
Authors: Botelho Marisa dos Reis Azevedo , Carrijo Michelle de Castro , Kamasaki Gilsa Yumi
Published: May 2017

O trabalho analisa as especificidades da geração de inovações por empresas de pequeno porte, destacando-se, em especial, as possibilidades advindas das interações de pequenas empresas com instituições de ensino/pesquisa em arranjos produtivos locais. Apresenta-se, inicialmente, uma discussão teórico/conceitual fundamentada em desenvolvimentos recentes do enfoque neo-schumpeteriano. Na seqüência, são apresentados alguns dados de duas aglomerações presentes no estado de Minas Gerais, a saber, a aglomeração de empresas de eletrônica/telecomunicações de Santa Rita do Sapucaí e a de biotecnologia de Belo Horizonte. A pesquisa de campo obteve dados, nos quais as conclusões deste trabalho se baseiam, sobre a geração de inovações bem como sobre as fontes de informação utilizadas pelas empresas neste processo.
Identification of Anthocyanins Compositions and Functional Analysis of An Anthocyanin Activator in Solanum nigrum Fruits
Authors: Wang Shaoli , Chu Zhaohui , Ren Mingxing , Jia Ru , Zhao Changbao , Fei Dan , Su Hao , Fan Xiaoqi , Zhang Xiaotian , Li Yang , Wang Yingzi , Ding Xinhua
Published: May 2017

Solanum nigrum fruits have been conventionally available as a material of beverage due to its nutritional substances such as minerals, vitamins, amino acids, proteins, sugars, polyphenols and anthocyanins. Here has rarely reported on the characterizaton of the components and the regulatory mechanism of Anthocyanins in S. nigrum. In this study, we determined that the peel and flesh of S. nigrum fruits shared the similar HPLC profiles, but the different contents and total antioxidant activities for Anthocyanins. After an efficient purification method mainly including extraction with pH 1.0 distilled water and then desorption with pH 1.0 95% ethanol after a DM-130 resin adsorption step to obtain more pure anthocyanins extracts, the purity of anthocyanins extract from S. nigrum fruits reached to 56.1%. Moreover, eight anthocyanins from S. nigrum fruit were identified with HPLC-MS/MS for the first time. A typical R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene, SnMYB, was also cloned for the first time by RACE-PCR from S. nigrum. Moreover, the contents of anthocyanins was shown a good correlation (r = 0.93) with the expression levels of SnMYB  during the fruits developmental stages. Most significantly, SnMYB successfully produced high anthocyanins contents (1.03 mg/g) when SnMYB was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves. Taken together, S. nigrum fruits are a promising resource for anthocyanins extraction and SnMYB is an activator that positively regulates anthocyanins biosynthesis in S. nigrum.
Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO): Platelet-Rich Plasma and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Murray Iain R. , Geeslin Andrew G. , Goudie Ewan B. , Petrigliano Frank A. , LaPrade Robert F.
Published: May 2017

Background:

A comprehensive approach to the evaluation of biologic therapies for musculoskeletal conditions is required to guide appropriate future use. Clinical studies evaluating platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are limited by inadequate reporting of scientific details critical to outcome. We developed minimum reporting requirements for clinical studies evaluating PRP and MSCs using Delphi consensus methods.

Methods:

The need for consensus on the minimum reporting requirements for studies evaluating biologics was identified at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons/Orthopaedic Research Society (AAOS/ORS) Biologic Treatments for Orthopaedic Injuries Symposium in 2015 and the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) Biologic Treatments for Sports Injuries II Think Tank in 2015. A working group facilitated the development of 2 expert consensus statements for PRP and MSCs using Delphi techniques. Exhaustive lists of items that could be reported on by clinical studies evaluating PRP or MSCs were generated by searching the published literature and protocols. PRP and MSC expert groups, each made up of 24 invited speakers at the AAOS and AOSSM symposia, were surveyed on 3 occasions to establish consensus on the inclusion of each item within minimum reporting guidelines. In addition to rating their agreement, the experts were encouraged to propose further items or modifications. Predefined criteria were used to refine item lists after each survey. Final lists were compiled into checklist statements by the working group.

Results:

For PRP, the working group identified 93 experimental information items from the literature. Twenty-three experts (96%) completed 3 rounds of surveys. After 3 rounds, 58 items generated consensus with >75% agreement and <5% disagreement. These items were compiled into a 23-statement checklist. For MSCs, 103 items were identified from the published literature. Twenty-three experts (96%) completed 3 rounds of surveys. After 3 rounds, the 61 items for which consensus was reached were compiled into a 25-statement checklist.

Conclusions:

This study has established expert consensus on the minimum reporting requirements for clinical studies evaluating PRP and MSCs.

Clinical Relevance:

These checklists provide specifications for the minimum information that should be reported by clinical studies evaluating PRP or MSCs.
Fracture Prevention in the Orthopaedic Environment: Outcomes of a Coordinator-Based Fracture Liaison Service
Authors: Bogoch Earl R. , Elliot-Gibson Victoria , Beaton Dorcas , Sale Joanna , Josse Robert G.
Published: May 2017

Background:

Fracture liaison services focus on secondary fracture prevention by identifying patients at risk for future fracture and initiating appropriate evaluation, risk assessment, education, and therapeutic intervention. This study describes key clinical outcomes including bone mineral densitometry, physician assessment, and pharmacotherapy initiation in pharmacotherapy-naïve patients undergoing treatment for fragility fracture in a Canadian fracture liaison service.

Methods:

We determined rates of post-fracture investigation and treatment for inpatients and outpatients with a fragility fracture seen in a coordinator-based fracture liaison service at an urban university trauma hospital. The program identified distal radial, proximal femoral, proximal humeral, and vertebral fragility fractures in female patients ≥40 years of age and male patients ≥50 years of age and provided education, bone mineral densitometry, inpatient consultation or outpatient specialist or primary care physician referral for bone health management, and documented patient follow-up.

Results:

The 2,191 patients with a fragility fracture were not taking anti-osteoporosis pharmacotherapy at the time of identification (862 inpatients and 1,329 outpatients). Eighty-four percent of inpatients and 85% of outpatients completed a bone mineral densitometry as recommended. Fifty-two percent of patients with proximal femoral fracture, 29% of patients with vertebral fracture, 26% of patients with proximal humeral fracture, and 20% of patients with distal radial fracture had osteoporosis confirmed on the basis of a bone mineral densitometry T-score of ≤−2.5 at the femoral neck or L1 to L4. Eighty-five percent of inpatients and 79% of outpatients referred for bone health management were assessed by a specialist or primary care physician. Of the patients who attended their appointments, 73% of inpatients and 52% of outpatients received a prescription for anti-osteoporosis medication.

Conclusions:

A high rate of education, evaluation, and pharmacological treatment, if indicated, can be achieved through a coordinator-facilitated fracture liaison service program.

Clinical Relevance:

Fracture prevention programs are currently engaged in establishing and modifying fracture liaison services in a quest for practical and effective models. The program described in this article exemplifies a coordinator-based model that produced good outcomes.
Against the TEF: For Quality Learning
Authors: Moore J M
Published: May 2017

In this piece, I argue for reclaiming concepts like teaching excellence and quality and developing an alternative discourse to that of the fatally flawed Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF).
Evidence does not support the rationale of the TEF
Authors: Gibbs Graham
Published: May 2017

The Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) has evolved since it was first announced, and HEFCE guidance to institutions on its implementation reveals a number of significant concessions to evidence, common sense and fairness. Institutions may well implement useful teaching improvement mechanisms in response, as they have always done regardless of the nature of external quality assurance demands. However the rationale of the TEF remains – and it is deeply flawed. It is the rationale that this paper focuses on. It is argued here that its interpretation of evidence about educational quality, employability and value for money ratings, used to justify a TEF, are irrational and are not supported by evidence. Making fine judgments about institutional rankings (and hence fee levels) on the basis of metrics is likely to be thwarted by the very small differences in scores between institutions. Some of its proposed metrics are invalid. Its belief in the ability of a small panel of experts to make sound quality judgments is not well founded given the poor record of past attempts to make such judgments about teaching quality in higher education. The higher education market is very complex and perhaps only a minority of institutions will be able to benefit in the way the TEF intends. The TEF seems unlikely to be perceived, by most, as rewarding.
Students as consumers? There is a potential alternative…
Authors: Grogan Samuel
Published: May 2017

This paper offers a reconsideration of the student as consumer. Through playfully finding similarity between a university and a gym, students are recognised as creators, or co-creators, of their educational journey and therefore producers, rather than consumers.
Editorial Team
Authors: Keyms Gillian
Published: May 2017

Editorial Team TEF Special Edition
Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids within a Double Porosity Reservoir under Pseudosteady State Interporosity Transfer Conditions
Authors: Garcia-Pastrana J. R. , Valdes-Perez A. R. , Blasingame T. A.
Published: May 2017

Non-Newtonian fluids have been characterized over the decades, and such characterizations may be used to model a new approach in engineering disciplines. Non-Newtonian fluids are classified as non-time dependent and time-dependent fluids. This paper focuses on the non-time dependent classification, specifically pseudoplastic fluids. The ranges in these fluids allow the proposed model to be validated.

The new reservoir model accounts for non-Newtonian behavior within a double-porosity reservoir. This model demonstrates an interporosity transfer function for pseudosteady state, based on a new parameter: dimensionless matrix contribution (D). This parameter differentiates our method from previous efforts based on the pseudosteady state interporosity flow for Newtonian fluids introduced in the 1960's.

We derive the partial differential equation for a non-Newtonian flow within a double porosity reservoir under pseudosteady state interporosity transfer conditions. The solution presented is for an infinite acting reservoir (assuming the corresponding initial, inner and outer conditions).

The objective of this paper is to deliver and provide tools that may help to characterize double porosity reservoir under the condition that a non-Newtonian fluid is present, and the interporosity transfer conditions between a matrix system and a fracture system are in pseudosteady-state.
Probabilistic Approach of Advanced Decline Curve Analysis for Tight Gas Reserves Estimation Obtained from Public Data Base
Authors: Jiménez E. T. , Cervantes R. J. , Magnelli D. E. , Dabrowski A.
Published: May 2017

Tight gas reservoirs exhibit frequently long periods of transit flow regime and do not reach the Boundary Dominated Flow (BDF) across their production history. This is caused due to low matrix permeability, that creates the need of a pervasive fracture networks to maximize the well – reservoir contact and drainage area. This will unlock high initial flow rates and a sharp decline from the early years of production.

The development of new empirical equations approached to the understanding of tight gas reservoirs variability, through declination parameters. However, this produces uncertainties since the empirical models could have an analytical theory that has not been demonstrated at that time.

The role of uncertainty analysis is very crucial throughout the investigation of the reservoirs Tight Gas, especially when production profiles present an unknown behavior in later periods. In this case, the degree of uncertainty increases, so the need for a probabilistic analysis to forecast production is fundamental.

The paper proposes a methodology to define the statistical distribution of the declination parameters and predicts the behavior of gas reservoirs Tight, taking into account the uncertainties. The method also allows calculating a wide range of realization for each production well, sampling randomly the input parameters from the statistical distributions as in a Standard Monte Carlo Workflow.

We provide an Evaluation of the realibility of the methodology considering a wide range of predictions and an evaluation of the Results with an avaiable historical dataset.

To finally estimate reserves in terms of P10, P50 y P90 based on a combination of Advanced Decline curve [1] at specific time limit or abandonment rate.

This case study was developed on a sectorial block of the Lajas Formation of the Neuquen Basin, with wells in production, where the use the uncertainty assessed to define the development strategy for a new field and the project choices.

[1] Stretched Exponential Production Decline Model(SE), Doung Model(DNG), Power Law Exponential Method, Modified Hyperbolic and Modified Doung.
Handling Geological and Economic Uncertainties in Balancing Short-Term and Long-Term Objectives in Waterflooding Optimization
Authors: Mohsin Siraj M.. , Van den Hof Paul M. , Jansen Jan-Dirk
Published: May 2017

Model-based economic optimization of oil production has a significant scope to increase financial life-cycle performance. The net-present-value (NPV) objective in this optimization, because of its nature, focuses on long-term gains, whereas short-term production is not explicitly addressed. At the same time, the achievable NPV is highly uncertain because of strongly varying economic conditions and limited knowledge of the reservoir-model parameters. The prime focus of this work is to develop optimization strategies that balance both long-term and short-term economic objectives and also offer robustness to the long-term NPV. An earlier robust hierarchical optimization method honoring geological uncertainty with robust long-term and short-term NPV objectives serves as a starting base of this work. We address the issue of extending this approach to include economic uncertainty and aim to analyze how the optimal solution reduces the uncertainty in the achieved average NPV. An ensemble of varying oil prices is used to model economic uncertainty with average NPVs as robust objectives in the hierarchical approach. A weighted-sum approach is used with the same objectives to quantify the effect of uncertainty. To reduce uncertainty, a mean-variance-optimization (MVO) objective is then considered to maximize the mean and also minimize the variance. A reduced effect of uncertainty on the long-term NPV is obtained compared with the uncertainty in the mean-optimization (MO) objectives. Last, it is investigated whether, because of the better handling of uncertainty in MVO, a balance between short-term and long-term gains can be naturally obtained by solving a single-objective MVO. Simulation examples show that a faster NPV buildup is naturally achieved by choosing appropriate weighting of the variance term in the MVO objective.
A Robust Methodology To Simulate Water-Alternating-Gas Experiments at Different Scenarios Under Near-Miscible Conditions
Authors: Mahzari Pedram , Sohrabi Mehran
Published: May 2017

Three-phase flow in porous media during water-alternating-gas (WAG) injections and the associated cycle-dependent hysteresis have been subject of studies experimentally and theoretically. In spite of attempts to develop models and simulation methods for WAG injections and three-phase flow, current lack of a solid approach to handle hysteresis effects in simulating WAG-injection scenarios has resulted in misinterpretations of simulation outcomes in laboratory and field scales. In this work, by use of our improved methodology, the first cycle of the WAG experiments (first waterflood and the subsequent gasflood) was history matched to estimate the two-phase krs (oil/water and gas/oil). For subsequent cycles, pertinent parameters of the WAG hysteresis model are included in the automatic-history-matching process to reproduce all WAG cycles together. The results indicate that history matching the whole WAG experiment would lead to a significantly improved simulation outcome, which highlights the importance of two elements in evaluating WAG experiments: inclusion of the full WAG experiments in history matching and use of a more-representative set of two-phase krs, which was originated from our new methodology to estimate two-phase krs from the first cycle of a WAG experiment. Because WAG-related parameters should be able to model any three-phase flow irrespective of WAG scenarios, in another exercise, the tuned parameters obtained from a WAG experiment (starting with water) were used in a similar coreflood test (WAG starting with gas) to assess predictive capability for simulating three-phase flow in porous media. After identifying shortcomings of existing models, an improved methodology was used to history match multiple coreflood experiments simultaneously to estimate parameters that can reasonably capture processes taking place in WAG at different scenarios—that is, starting with water or gas. The comprehensive simulation study performed here would shed some light on a consolidated methodology to estimate saturation functions that can simulate WAG injections at different scenarios.
Corporate governance mechanisms and bank performance: evidence from the Greek banks during crisis period
Authors: G. Georgantopoulos Andreas , Filos Ioannis
Published: May 2017

This paper is the first research attempt that investigates the impact of a large number of corporate governance mechanisms on the performance of Greek banks,employing widely accepted in the literature of corporate governance econometric models. Results indicate that system GMM models are more suitable methodological tools than pooledOLS and fixed effects models to address well-known econometric problems, such as endogeneity, simultaneity and unobserved heterogeneity of individual banks. The findings, as derived from the application of GMM models, imply that increasing the board size and the number of independent directors can both have positive impact on the performance of Greek banks, but only up to a certain point. Thus, bank efficiency will increase as board size and the proportion of independent directors grow up to a point where these relationships hit a maximum from which bank performance decreases. Our multi-model estimations failed to trace any significant contribution of the number of female and foreign directors on the performance of Greek banks. Finally, the dual appointment of a CEO as Chairman appears to affect negatively two out of four proxies of bank performance. Overall, the results provide support for the positive impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the performance of Greek banks. The significance of these findings increases, considering that the period under study (2008-2014) is marked by high market volatility and uncertainty due to the well-known debt crisis that plagues Greece since the beginning of 2008.
Financial monitoring of the port industry companies on the basis of risk-oriented approach
Authors: Oneshko Svitlana , Ilchenko Svitlana
Published: May 2017

The paper determines that the need in financial monitoring of Ukrainian companies of the port sector is caused by financial consequences related to the need to protect the environment, the existence of a dominant part of payments in foreign currency (foreign exchange risk associated with currency fluctuations), the possibility of cash outflows into the shadow sector of the economy and the possibility to use transport for smuggling. In addition, in the recent years there is a tendency of diminished financial stability of the seaports of Ukraine, which is a signal to determine the factors that have an impact on this situation, the consequences of risky operations and the optimal structure of sources for the formation of assets. An important aspect of financial monitoring is the necessity to identify the data about the objecton the basis of insignificant and relevant information, which makes it possible to avoid non-essential features and parameters and to speed up the decision making process at the lowest cost of expenditures and time. The study offers a methodical approach to financial monitoring of the port industry companies on the basis of the risk-based approach that takes into account the conditions for the functioning of port companies and their business characteristics, making it possible to implement the appropriate measures to prevent and avoid risky financial transactions and, consequently, to increase/preserve the competitiveness of the port sector companies. Regarding the need in further studies of the practical realization of financial monitoring of the port sector companies, there is a choice and substantiation of aggregate indicators of the financial monitoring system, their listing with a view to specific features, types and scale of activities.
What is project finance?
Authors: M. Pinto João
Published: May 2017

Project finance is the process of financing a specific economic unit that the sponsors create, in which creditors share much of the venture’s business risk and funding is obtained strictly for the project itself. Project finance creates value by reducing the costs of funding, maintaining the sponsors financial flexibility, increasing the leverage ratios, avoiding contamination risk, reducing corporate taxes, improving risk management, and reducing the costs associated with market imperfections. However, project finance transactions are complex undertakings, they have higher costs of borrowing when compared to conventional financing and the negotiation of the financing and operating agreements is time-consuming. In addition to describing the economic motivation for the use of project finance, this paper provides details on project finance characteristics and players, presents the recent trends of the project finance market and provides some statistics in relation to project finance lending activity between 2000 and 2014. Statistical analysis shows that project finance loans arranged for U.S. borrowers have higher credit spreads and upfront fees, and have higher loan size to deal size ratios when compared with loans arranged for borrowers located in W.E. On the contrary, loans closed in the U.S. have a much shorter average maturity and are much less likely to be subject to currency risk and to be closed as term loans.
The development of the insurance market of Ukraine amid the global trends in insurance
Authors: Kurylo Volodymyr , Kurylo Lyudmyla , Zhovnirchyk Yaroslav , Kartashov Yevgen , Sokol Sergii
Published: May 2017

The insurance market of Ukraine is a part of the global economic environment, which brings together national insurance markets around the world. The paper studies the functioning of the insurance market of Ukraine taking into account the latest trends in the world economy. It notes an extremely small volume of premiums, insufficient coverage of the population and business entities. It is emphasized that the main attention of the experts of the insurance market of Ukraine is focused on its reaction to the annexation of the Crimea and the military conflict in Donbas. It identifies trends, conditions and development factors of the Ukrainian insurance market, as well as its prospects and the role of Ukraine on the global insurance market.
Experimental study on treating agate dyeing wastewater with sulfate-reducing bacteria strengthening peanut shells and scrap iron
Authors: Di Junzhen , Wang Mingxin
Published: May 2017

To solve the problems of high concentrations of Cr6+, SO42- and H+ in agate dyeing industrial wastewater and heavy pollution and high treating cost, single-factor and orthogonal experiments were conducted to determine the optimum particle size, the ratio of adsorbents dosing and hydraulic retention time based on peanut shells and scrap iron. Experiments, using five dynamic columns filled with the peanut shells, scrap iron and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), were also conducted to determine the effect and mechanism of treating the wastewater. The results show that the best treatment effect was obtained when the diameter of peanut shells was 3 mesh, scrap iron being 60 mesh size, scrap iron and peanut shells with a ratio of 1:2, and hydraulic retention time being 24 h. By the comprehensive comparison of five groups of columns, the treating effect of column 4 was best, in which the removal rate of SO42- and Cr6+ was 30.17% and 88.36% respectively before adding the microorganisms, and 25.34% and 99.31% respectively after adding the microorganisms. The average of chemical oxygen demand (COD) release quantity was 62.11 and 513.75 mg·L−1, and the average effluent pH was 7.09 and 7.93 before and after addition of microorganisms respectively. In conclusion, peanut shells, scrap iron and SRB had a certain synergistic effect on treating agate dyeing wastewater.
Fibroblast Transplantation Results to the Degenerated Rabbit Lumbar Intervertebral Discs
Authors: Ural Ibrahim Halil , Alptekin Kerem , Ketenci Aysegul , Solakoglu Seyhun , Alpak Hasan , Özyalçın Süleyman
Published: May 2017

Background:

Our study is an analysis of the histological and radiological changes in degenerated lumbar intervertebral discs, after transplantation of fibroblasts in rabbits. With that study we aimed to show the viability of the fibroblasts injected to the degenerated discs, and observe their potential for further studies.

Method:

The apoptosis of the cell is one of the factors at the disc degeneration process. Fibroblasts may act as mesenchymal stem cells at the tissue to which they are injected and they may replace the apoptotic cells. The nucleus pulposus of the discs from eight rabbits were aspirated under scopic guidance to induce disc degeneration.

Results:

One month later, cultured fibroblasts, which had been taken from the skin, were injected into the disc. The viability and the potential of the injected cells for reproduction were studied histologically and radiologically. Cellular formations and organizations indicating to the histological recovery were observed at the discs to which fibroblasts were transplanted. The histological findings of the discs to which no fibroblasts were transplanted, did not show any histological recovery. Radiologically, no finding of the improvement was found in both groups. The fibroblasts injected to the degenerated discs are viable.

Conclusion:

The findings of improvement, observed in this study, suggest that fibroblast transplantation could be an effective method of therapy for the prevention or for the retardation of the degenerative disease of the discs.
Extra-Articular Tenosynovial Chondromatosis of the Finger: A Case Series Study of Three Cases, One Including Excessive Osseous Invasion
Authors: Sakamoto Akio , Naka Takahiko , Shiba Eisuke , Hisaoka Masanori , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: May 2017

Background:

Synovial chondromatosis is characterized by cartilaginous metaplasia in synovial tissues. Extra-articular tenosynovial chondromatosis is considered to be an anatomical counterpart of articular synovial chondromatosis. Extra-articular tenosynovial chondromatosis occurs preferentially in the hand, although its frequency is low.

Results:

We report three cases of extra-articular tenosynovial chondromatosis. A 65-year-old female presented with a history of symptoms over 40 years related to the dorsum of her index finger (Case 1), A 46-year-old female presented with a 6-month history of symptoms at the volar surface of her middle finger (Case 2), and a 66-year-old male presented with a 3-month history of symptoms in a dorsal ring finger. Case 2 had evidence of ossification, which could be classified as osteochondromatosis. Interestingly, the index finger lesions (Case 1) were accompanied by excessive bone involvement. The signal intensity of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging varies from low to high, possibly reflecting histological variations, such as ossification and fatty tissue changes. All lesions were resected without complications.

Conclusion:

Variations in anatomical sites suggest that overuse or mechanical overloading was not causative. Extensive involvement of the nearby tendon and joint capsule, as well as the bone, would require attention during the resection. Preoperative analysis of images is important, not only for the diagnosis, but also to assess the extent of the lesion, particularly given the complex anatomy of the finger.
Efektivitas Latihan Birth Ball Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif pada Primigravida
Authors: Kurniawati Ade , Dasuki Djaswadi , Kartini Farida
Published: May 2017

Some problems may appear due to childbirth, such as discomfort, fear and pain. Particularly for pain in the first stage of labor, it can be severe and takes place a longer time, thus, pain management is necessary. Birth ball exercise is one of nonpharmacological methods to reduce labor pain.This was a quasi-experimental study to determine the effectiveness of birth ball exercise isone of nonpharmacological methodstowards the reduction of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage of labor in primigravida. Thirty eight women were recruited with consecutive sampling technique, divided into 2 groups, the treatment group given ball birth exercise in active phase of the first stage for 30 minutes for two times and the control group not given the exercise. The bivariable analysis was conducted with correlation and t-test, while the multivariable analysis used linear regression. The results showed that the mean labor pain in the group given birth ball exercise was lower 4.5 than that in the control group at 5.4 with a p-value of 0.01. The extraneous variables that influenced labor pain were anxiety, husband and family support with a p-value of <0.05. The multivariate analysis using Model 4 obtained an R² value of 0.49, which means that the birth ball exercise and husband and family support contributed to labor pain equal to 49%.There were significant differences in pain intensity in active phase of the first stage of labor between primigravida who practiced birth ball exercise and those who did not. The pain intensity was lower in women practicing birth ball exercise than that in those who did not.
Роль ендогенних антимікробних пептидів у виникненні пневмонії в дітей раннього віку
Authors: Lezhenko G.O. , Abaturov A.E. , Pashkova O.E. , Kraynya H.V.
Published: May 2017

Проведено комплексне обстеження 204 дітей віком від 2 місяців до 3 років із позалікарняною пневмонією. Установлено, що в дітей раннього віку, хворих на позалікарняну пневмонію, провідним етіологічним фактором є бактерії Streptococcus pneumoniae (36,8 %). Вміст ендогенних антимікробних пептидів визначено в сироватці крові 20 дітей раннього віку, хворих на позалікарняну пневмонію, та 17 дітей групи контролю. Доведено, що розвиток позалікарняної пневмонії в дітей раннього віку відбувається на фоні зниження вмісту в сироватці крові β1-дефензину та кателіцидину LL-37. Найбільш низькі значення LL-37 були встановлені в дітей, хворих на пневмонію, викликану Streptococcus pneumoniae. Проведений аналіз вмісту метаболітів вітаміну D у сироватці крові показав, що в дітей, хворих на позалікарняну пневмонію, концентрація 25-гідроксивітаміну D була в 1,4 раза нижчою порівняно зі здоровими дітьми (р < 0,05). Установлений дефіцит метаболітів вітаміну D у дітей раннього віку, хворих на позалікарняну пневмонію, є значущим патогенетичним фактором дефіциту кателіцидину LL-37 у сироватці крові, що підтверджувалося зниженням у даній когорті хворих в 3,7 раза процентного вмісту LL-37 щодо метаболітів вітаміну D.
Превентивна та лікувальна ефективність біофлавоноїдів у дітей з рекурентними респіраторними інфекціями
Authors: Mukvich O.M. , Kaminskaya T.M.
Published: May 2017

Мета роботи. Підвищення ефективності лікування та профілактики гострих рекурентних респіраторних інфекцій (ГРРІ) шляхом застосування сиропу Імунофлазід® у дітей молодшого шкільного віку. Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 50 дітей молодшого шкільного віку з ГРРІ. Ефективність застосування сиропу Імунофлазід® визначалась шляхом порівняння динаміки клінічних симптомів, особливостей мікрокристалізації слини, бактеріального складу фарингеального ексудату до дослідження та через рік проведення лікувально-профілактичних курсів. Висновки. Сироп Імунофлазід® при лікувально-профілактичному застосуванні сприяє покращанню загального стану здоров’я дітей, зменшенню проявів інтоксикаційного, астенічного синдромів, частоти та тяжкості перебігу гострих респіраторних інфекцій, кількості днів пропусків занять у школі, числа та тривалості госпіталізацій, нормалізації кристалоутворюючого потенціалу слини на тлі зменшення мікробіологічного навантаження ротової порожнини.
Особливості перебігу виразкового коліту в дітей на сучасному етапі
Authors: Denisova M.F. , Muzyka N.M. , Cherneha N.V. , Zadorozhna T.D. , Archakova T.M. , Bukulova N.Yu.
Published: May 2017

Актуальність. За тяжкістю перебігу, частотою ускладнень та летальністю виразковий коліт посідає одне з провідних місць у структурі хвороб шлунково-кишкового тракту в дітей. Мета дослідження: дати характеристику перебігу виразкового коліту в дітей на сучасному етапі. Матеріали та методи. Проведено ретроспективний аналіз 184 історій хвороби дітей, які перебували на обстеженні та лікуванні у відділенні проблем захворювань органів травлення ДУ «ІПАГ НАМН України» з 2004 по 2014 рік. Результати. Виразковий коліт зустрічається в дітей усіх вікових груп, серед яких групами ризику є діти дошкільного віку та підлітки. До факторів ризику захворювання відносяться як анте-, так і постнатальні фактори: гестози та загроза переривання вагітності, дефіцит маси тіла при народженні, штучне вигодовування, кишкові інфекції. Виразковий коліт характеризується хронічним рецидивуючим перебігом з повільним розвитком хвороби, має типові клінічні прояви — діарея, гемоколіт, больовий абдомінальний синдром, інтоксикаційний синдром, затримка фізичного розвитку. За локалізацією запального процесу переважає тотальне ураження товстої кишки (59,6 %), дещо рідше діагностується лівобічний коліт (28,5 %) і проктосигмоїдит (11,9 %). Інформативними критеріями активності виразкового коліту є педіатричний індекс активності (PUCAI), рівень фекального кальпротектину, ряд показників загального аналізу крові (гемоглобін, лейкоцити, тромбоцити, швидкість осідання еритроцитів) та біохімічних досліджень (С-реактивний білок, α-2-глобуліни). Сучасна комбінована базисна терапія, за даними катамнестичного спостереження, ефективна у 22 % хворих із тотальним колітом, у 42–58 % — з лівобічним колітом. Монотерапія препаратами 5-аміносаліцилової кислоти в 68 % випадків була ефективною в пацієнтів із сегментарним колітом мінімального ступеня активності та 100 % хворих із проктосигмоїдитом. Висновки. Проведений аналіз історій хвороби дітей з виразковим колітом показав сучасну вікову структуру захворювання, наявність гендерних розбіжностей залежно від локалізації та тяжкості запально-деструктивного процесу в кишечнику, відсутність збігу між клінічною та лабораторною активністю хвороби, ефективність лікувальних схем, рекомендованих ECCO та ESPGAN, доцільність використання нових критеріїв оцінки запального процесу (педіатричний індекс (PUCAI), фекальний кальпротектин). Отримані дані можуть бути використані для обґрунтування науково-практичної програми з проблеми виразкового коліту в дитячому віці, спрямованої на розробку таких актуальних напрямків, як епідеміологія, патогенез, вікові клінічні особливості, оптимізація протоколів діагностики та лікування.
Ефективність алергенспецифічної імунотерапії пилковими алергенами в дітей із позиції молекулярної алергології
Authors: Nedelska S.M. , Kuznietsova O.D.
Published: May 2017

Мета роботи — встановити можливі причини неефективності алергенспецифічної імунотерапії (АСІТ) пилковими алергенами (бур’янів) у дітей із сезонним алергічним ринітом і/або бронхіальною астмою на підставі вивчення гіперчутливості до алергенів, аналізу анамнестичних даних. Матеріали та методи. Проведено алерготестування 192 дітей. 52 пацієнтам проведене анамнестичне опитування з акцентом на перехресну алергію та супутню патологію верхніх дихальних шляхів, а також на ефективність АСІТ. Статистична обробка результатів проведена в програмі Statistica for Windows 6.0. Результати. Серед хворих на поліноз переважала гіперчутливість до амброзії (56 %), циклахени (46 %) та соняшника (58 %). До злакових рослин (райграс, грястиця, вівсяниця) чутливі 10—20 % пацієнтів. 23 % дітей мають сенсибілізацію до 5 та більше алергенів (в середньому до 3,3 ± 0,4). 52 % дітей мають супутню харчову алергію, 15 % — синдром оральної алергії, третина дітей — аденоїдні вегетації, гіпертрофію глоткових мигдалин, у 13 % алергічний риніт ускладнювався синуситом. Незадовільний клінічний ефект АСІТ пилковими алергенами асоціювався з наявністю поєднаної пилково-грибкової сенсибілізації, перехресної харчової та пилкової алергії, із сенсибілізацією до 4 та більше пилкових алергенів, з полівалентною алергією, а також спостерігався при поєднанні алергічного риніту із синуситом (р < 0,05). Висновки. Перед початком АСІТ дітям із полінозами необхідно визначити групу ризику стосовно можливої неефективності цього методу терапії та рекомендувати їм визначення специфічних імуноглобулінів класу Е до мажорних та мінорних алергенів для прогнозування ефективності АСІТ.