bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUESTIONS OF DYNAMICS, FORENSIC MEDICAL AND FORENSIC CHEMICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF METHADONE POISONING IN SAINT PETERSBURG IN 2009-2018
Authors: Zarafiants G. N. , Isakov V. D. , Gorbacheva T. V.
Published: February 2020

Acute poisonings occupy one of the leading places in the structure of mortality due to external causes in the Russian Federation. In Saint Petersburg, there are consistently high rates of drug poisonings (especially methadone poisoning). Reports, statistical maps and other information of the Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise for the period 2009 – 2018 were used for this study. The research methods were a selective copy of the data, including the results of a forensic chemical study, the calculation of statistical coefficients, descriptive. The analysis showed a decrease in mortality due to external causes in Saint Petersburg in 2009-2018, indicators (per 100 thousand of the population of Saint Petersburg) decreased gradually from 99,3 to 69,8. Acute poisoning of chemical etiology was in the 2nd place (24,9%) after mechanical injury. In the structure of acute poisoning of chemical etiology, the 1st place was occupied by fatal drug poisoning (45,1%). Their share was 28,7% in 2009-2011. It increased sharply up to 52,2% in the period 2012-2018 and began to change both qualitative and quantitative. In Saint Petersburg there were 19 fatal cases of methadone poisoning (0,04 per 100 thousand people) in 2009 and 599 cases (11,19 per 100 thousand people) in 2018. The number of forensic studies on the identification of methadone sharply increased (9 times). In almost half of the poisoning’s cases ethanol, other narcotic drugs (amphetamine derivatives, morphine, cocaine, etc.), as well as drugs and psychotropic substances (derivatives of barbituric acid, benzodiazepine, phenothiazine, etc.) were revealed along with methadone.

Forensic medical diagnostics of methadone poisoning are based on the results of chromatography-mass spectrometry, morphological features (macro- and microscopic), analysis of the clinical picture (from medical documents), and consideration of the circumstances of the poisoning. The combined reception of methadone, ethanol and other narcotic and / or psychotropic drugs has a potentiating deprimative effect, aggravates the clinical and morphological picture of poisoning, which must be taken into account when diagnosing them.
Biobibliographical guide “Researchers of Local Lore in the Odesa Region”: on the creation concepts
Authors: Saienko Liudmyla
Published: February 2020

The article presents the project of creation of a bibliographic guide “Regional studies of the Odesa region”. The contribution of contemporary regional ethnologists of the Odesa region to the development and historical life of the region is analyzed.
Historical atlas as a type of encyclopedias (monitoring and proposes)
Authors: Avramenko Anatoliy
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes types of historical atlases of the encyclopedic level. Particular attention is paid to the experience of creating historical atlases in the USSR, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Great Britain, and the USA. The idea to creating the encyclopedic atlas is proposed. This is "Ukrainians in Russia: Historical and Cultural Atlas".
On experience in the creation of “Berdiansk Encyclopedia”
Authors: Mykhailychenko Viktor
Published: February 2020

The study describes the appearance features of the “Berdiansk Encyclopedia”, the main directions of its preparation, the search for materials for articles, the involvement of authors, the assistance of local lore studies are showed. An attention is paid to changing the edition format from alphabetical encyclopedia (1-3 volumes) on thematic yearbook-encyclopedia.
Review of JASAL 2018 x SUTLF 5 and a Reflection on “Connection”
Authors: Shirakawa Tomoya
Published: February 2020

This is a short report where I reflect on my experience of attending the JASAL 2018 x SUTLF 5 conference. I joined the conference as a presenter and also a recipient of the student grant provided by the conference organizers. At the end of the paper, I will discuss a potential issue based on my experience which I personally consider important to explore.
Incidencia del trabajo en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Vargas Natalia
Published: February 2020

Con el propósito de investigar la posible incidencia que tiene el trabajo y el número de horas semanales de trabajo sobre el rendimiento académico de los alumnos, se estudió el rendimiento académico de 206 estudiantes de ambos sexos, pupilos y no pupilos, pertenecientes a la Universidad Adventista del Plata.

Con el objetivo de describir los datos demográficos se utilizaron distribuciones de frecuencias y porcentajes, se calcularon las medias, medianas, modas y los desvíos estándar. Para evaluar la incidencia del trabajo sobre el rendimiento académico fue aplicada la prueba t para muestras independientes. Para el análisis de la incidencia de las horas de trabajo sobre el rendimiento se aplicó la prueba de ANOVA de un factor y la prueba post hoc de Scheffé para determinar contrastes significativos.

Los resultados obtenidos revelan que los alumnos que trabajan presentan un rendimiento académico mayor que aquellos que no lo hacen; así también, los estudiantes que trabajan 20 horas semanales obtienen un rendimiento superior a aquellos estudiantes que no trabajan.
Alumnos superdotados y talentosos
Authors: Elizondo Smith Mar
Published: February 2020

Obra reseñada:

Valadez Sierra, M. de los D., Betancourt Morejón, J. y Zavala Berbena, M. A. (2006). Alumnos superdotados y talentosos: identificación, evaluación e intervención: una perspectiva para docentes. México: El Manual Moderno.
La regulación metacognitiva en el aprendizaje en línea
Authors: Trisca Jorge Omar
Published: February 2020

La regulación metacognitiva se ha convertido en un tema importante para los investigadores porque la regulación del estudio afecta a su vez al estudio en general. Varios autores consideran que los estudiantes autorregulados poseen un buen conocimiento de las habilidades metacognitivas y, cuando las usan apropiadamente, incrementan su aprendizaje.

Parece haber un acuerdo general que una definición de metacognición debería incluir al menos estas nociones: (a) conocimiento, por parte del sujeto, de su propio conocimiento, (b) procesos y estados cognoscitivos y afectivos y (c) capacidad de supervisarlos y regularlos deliberadamente. Sin embargo, estos procesos reguladores no siempre son conscientes en una situación de aprendizaje. En efecto, el conocimiento metacognitivo puede ser expresado fácilmente, pero la regulación, debido a su carácter procedimental, no siempre es consciente ni puede ser verbalizada. De todos modos, mediante la regulación metacognitiva se evalúa la eficacia de cualquier acción intentada, se revisan las estrategias utilizadas y ante las dificultades se intenta utilizar estrategias compensatorias. Específicamente en las tareas de aprendizaje, estos procesos ayudan a regularlas y a supervisarlas, de modo que es posible ir mejorando el rendimiento en el estudio conforme se adquiere experiencia en la supervisión de las tareas de aprendizaje.

El artículo discute también algunas connotaciones de la regulación metacognitiva del aprendizaje en línea.
Experiencia de la residencia pedagógica del Profesorado Universitario en Psicología
Authors: Leguizamón Yanina
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio describe la experiencia de la Residencia Pedagógica, requisito para acceder al título de Profesor Universitario en Psicología en una universidad privada argentina. Se planificaron clases expositivas y con métodos informáticos. Se realizó la Residencia pedagógica en las asignaturas Estadística Aplicada e Introducción a la Práctica Final Obligatoria, correspondientes a carreras del área de la salud. Se incorporaron técnicas grupales, técnicas dialógicas, mapas conceptuales, resolución de problemas y tutoría. La evaluación incorporó: examen, carpetas de trabajos prácticos, lista de cotejo, autoevaluación de un tema específico, encuesta sobre conocimientos, procedimientos y fomento de actitudes, encuesta sobre datos académicos y demográficos y la evaluación al docente. Se calcularon estadísticas descriptivas y se utilizó la t de Student para muestras independientes. En Estadística, los estudiantes obtuvieron una aprobación mínima en el examen y los trabajos prácticos, encontrándose diferencias entre sexo. Se observaron dificultades en atención, motivación y estudio independiente. La evaluación al docente, por parte de los alumnos de Estadística Aplicada fue muy buena. Los alumnos de Introducción a la Práctica Final Obligatoria obtuvieron muy buenas notas en el trabajo que realizaron, y al igual que los alumnos de Estadística Aplicada, obtuvieron puntajes menores en actitudes como motivación y atención carrera.
Formación profesional de los profesores universitarios y coincidencia entre los niveles del dominio cognoscitivo que evalúan y los que pretenden evaluar
Authors: Lavooy Vanina , Krumm de Nikolaus Gabriela
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio buscó comparar lo que los profesores de la Universidad Adventista del Plata pretenden evaluar con aquello que efectivamente demandan del alumno al diseñar una evaluación, según los niveles del dominio cognoscitivo de la taxonomía de Bloom (1974), así como cotejar si el grado de acuerdo entre lo que pretenden evaluar y lo que evalúan difiere si su formación profesional acredita o no una carrera docente. Los resultados mostraron que más de la mitad del grupo con título docente logró consistencia entre lo que dice evaluar y lo que realmente evalúa, en los niveles conocimiento, comprensión y síntesis. En el grupo sin título docente, obtuvo esta consistencia la totalidad de quienes pretendieron evaluar conocimiento y más de la mitad de quienes buscaban la comprensión. La prueba V de Cramer permite afirmar que existe una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre los niveles conocimiento y evaluación y la formación profesional. La diferencia de proporciones entre los grupos con y sin título docente para la variable “evalúa lo que pretende evaluar” existió únicamente para los niveles conocimiento y síntesis.
Seguimiento del desarrollo del perfil espiritual de los alumnos de una institución religiosa de educación superior
Authors: Grajales Guerra Tevni , León Vásquez Vicente
Published: February 2020

El desarrollo del perfil espiritual en la vida del estudiante en una institución confesional debe ser una preocupación constante, puesto que las creencias que sustenta la institución deben cobrar algún significado en la vida de éstos. No obstante, esto significa un reto de enormes dimensiones porque tiene que ver con el cambio interior de las personas. El presente trabaje pretendió establecer en qué medida se incrementa el desarrollo del perfil espiritual de los alumnos mientras cursan su carrera profesional en una universidad cristiana. Este estudio se inició en el año 2005 y concluyó en el 2009. Participaron 366 alumnos al inicio y concluyó con 131. Los resultados mostraron que las medias del perfil espiritual no se incrementaron mientras el alumno permanecía en la institución. El componente de participación del estudiante en actividades organizadas por la institución se incrementó notablemente y se relaciona significativamente con los componentes del perfil espiritual. Por otro lado, ciertas actividades de participación se correlacionan positivamente con los componentes del perfil espiritual del estudiante. Como conclusión general se puede señalar que el perfil espiritual del estudiante universitario no sufre cambios significativos durante los años de participación como alumno en una institución educativa cristiana. Sin embargo, dichas actividades impactan en la conservación del perfil espiritual del alumno.
Formación religiosa y desarrollo del pensamiento crítico
Authors: Krumm de Nikolaus Sonia
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo trata acerca de la educación para el pensamiento crítico en la formación religiosa y el papel del docente para elevar el nivel de pensamiento de los alumnos por medio del uso de preguntas en la clase. El estudio se pregunta cómo y en qué circunstancias de la clase de educación religiosa se logra elevar el nivel de pensamiento y se produce un legítimo ambiente de aprendizaje crítico natural. A fin de buscar respuestas se realizó una investigación sobre 68 casos constituidos por docentes a cargo de una clase de educación religiosa de nivel medio superior y universitario, observados y estudiados con una metodología mixta, cuantitativa-cualitativa. El diseño permitió comparar los niveles de pensamiento a que apelan las preguntas que realizan los docentes y, al mismo tiempo, observar sus acciones y los diferentes tipos de ambientes de aprendizaje que propician, así como las reacciones de los alumnos. Los resultados muestran que, aunque requiere de planificación anterior, es posible crear un ambiente de aprendizaje que desarrolle el pensamiento crítico en clases donde se estudia la Biblia y que dicho ambiente depende en gran medida de la habilidad del docente para generar preguntas de alto nivel cognitivo y motivar a los alumnos a pensar. También se encontró que, en la muestra observada, los tipos de clase predominante son las tradicionales y expositivas, y no el tipo de clase que desarrolla el pensamiento crítico.
Grado de satisfacción y niveles de desempeño de maestros de escuelas y colegios confesionales salvadoreños
Authors: Lazo Melgar Manuel Antonio , Meza Escobar Manuel Ramón
Published: February 2020

Este estudio tuvo el propósito de conocer la relación entre la autopercepción del grado de satisfacción laboral y la autopercepción del nivel de desempeño de los maestros de escuelas y colegios confesionales salvadoreños. La muestra estuvo constituida por 109 docentes de ocho instituciones educativas. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos elaborados por los autores, el primero para medir el grado de satisfacción laboral (24 ítems, α = .924) y el segundo para medir el nivel de desempeño (34 ítems, α = .884). La muestra representó el 90% del total de la población investigada. En general los docentes encuestados tuvieron una autopercepción entre buena y excelente del grado de satisfacción y nivel de desempeño. Se encontró que los niveles de satisfacción y desempeño tuvieron un grado de relación positiva y moderada. La edad y el tipo de empleo resultaron ser independientes de la autopercepción del grado de satisfacción y del nivel de desempeño.
Uso de estrategias del aprendizaje de idiomas en estudiantes rumanos y su relación con el género, la edad y la competencia lingüística
Authors: Macovei Loredana Petronela , Gómez Bastar Alicia
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio investigó la percepción de los estudiantes rumanos en el uso de estrategias de aprendizaje del inglés y su relación con el uso de las estrategias de aprendizaje, el género, la edad y la competencia lingüística. Fue administrado el Inventario de Aprendizaje del Inglés SILL (Oxford, 1990, versión 7.0), por sus siglas en inglés, a 305 estudiantes de una escuela secundaria de Bucarest. También los estudiantes informaron sobre su género, edad y nivel de estudios. El estudio indicó que los estudiantes rumanos de nivel secundario de inglés como lengua extranjera fueron moderados en el uso de estrategias, siendo las más frecuentes las estrategias metacognitivas y las menos frecuentes, las estrategias afectivas. No se encontró diferencia significativa en el uso de las estrategias entre hombres y mujeres. También, el estudio reveló que no hay relación entre cada una de las estrategias y la edad de los estudiantes. Finalmente, este estudio reveló que cuanto más alto es el nivel de competencia de inglés del estudiante, es más frecuente el uso de estrategias de aprendizaje de ese idioma. Los maestros rumanos de inglés como lengua extranjera deberían integrar la enseñanza de estrategias a sus salones de clases y deberían informar a sus estudiantes acerca de la importancia de las estrategias de aprendizaje de inglés y la forma en que pueden ser aplicadas en el proceso de aprendizaje.
Un modelo pedagógico de aprehensión de la realidad para desarrollar la expresión estética
Authors: Casas Rodríguez Martha María
Published: February 2020

En el presente artículo se presenta una reflexión acerca de la necesidad de un cambio conceptual en educación estética. Hace una breve síntesis de los conceptos estéticos a través de la historia hasta nuestros días. Se asevera que el conocimiento estético contribuye a lograr sentir, pensar y percibir equilibradamente.

Se parte de una concepción moderna del discurso pedagógico alineado con el aprendizaje significativo y de concepciones basadas en fundamentos psicológicos y antropológicos de la expresión estética.

Finalmente, se ofrecen nuevas relaciones para establecer un modelo pedagógico de aprehensión de la realidad que integra lo estético al aprendizaje y su metodología.
Model of adoption of Information and Communication Technologies of the Universities case of study Technical University of Cotopaxi Latacunga -Ecuador
Authors: Chancusig Chisag Juan Carlos , Cruzado Gamboa Javier
Published: February 2020

This investigation is part of a development model to adopt the information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to the teaching-learning process at the Technical University of Cotopaxi. Specifically, to improve the higher education, as a result of the steady advances in the field of digital knowledge and educational technology, for that reason, the Institutions must improve their academic organization and education processes. Through the use of technologies, educational institutions try to integrate information and innovation. In this context and reviewing the problem case through the application of the ICT new Acceptance Model, the student's teaching-learning process will improve. The investigation showed the expected results with the creation of the latest ICT adoption model. Using collaborative tools within a collaborative learning environment (CLE) to elaborate constructs Cronbach's alpha, variance, and correlations and the statistical software were used as the Minitab validated the hypotheses.
FUNERAL RITE OF THE POPULATION OF THE DNIEPER FOREST-STEPPE LEFT BANK OF THE EARLY SCYTHIAN TIME: VARIANT OF ANALYSIS
Authors: Grechko D. S.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the results of a cluster analysis of the burials of the Early Scythian time of the Dnieper forest-steppe Left Bank. Clusters and groups are distinguished which have local and ethno-cultural characteristics. The analysis made it possible to distinguish two large blocks of clusters: the «Posulian» and «Vorklinsky» clusters, which confirmed the previous conclusions of the researchers.

An analysis of the orientation of the burials has shown that the population of the Dnieper forest-steppe Left Bank of the Early Scythian time was dominated by the idea of placing the world of the dead in the south, both among farmers and nomads. Deviation from the basic orientation could be seasonal, or associated with the direction of the land of ancestors, or an important landmark (Greater Skorobir for the Belsk necropolis). A necropolis is located in the village. Kupewaha, which allows one to assume that it belongs to a fairly separate group of nomads.

In separate burial grounds there were recorded graves which belonged to different clusters. Burials of Vorskla’s ordinary farmers were represented by clusters 6, 8, 10, and burials, most likely, nomads — cluster 9 and groups 11B and 11B. Clusters 5, 7, 12 have an indeterminate nature. The burial grounds can be conditionally divided into necropolises of the local population, nomads and mixed ones.
AMAZONS IN VIKING AGE
Authors: Fialko O. Ye.
Published: February 2020

Amazons are usually associated with the period of the early Iron Age. However, a large number of graves of armed women of the early Middle Ages are known in the territory of Eurasia. In the Scandinavian countries, the period of the 9th — the first half of the 11th centuries was called the «Viking Age». This period is related to the military, commercial and demographic expansion of the Scandinavians. During the archaeological researches, burials of women with weapons were recorded in the cemeteries of Denmark, Norway and Southern Sweden. They constitute a small series of 16 funerary complexes.

Typically, the female warriors were buried in individual graves, and only occasionally they were accompanied by a woman or a child. Only in two cases armed man and woman of equal social level were placed in one grave. In the necropolis, the graves of the Amazons are usually localized among the military graves. On the territory of Western Europe, both rites of burial of warriors — inhumation and cremation are registered.

The age range of female warriors is quite wide — from 10 to 50—60 years, with the domination of young women. The material complex showed that women’s weapons were intended for both remote (bows and arrows, spears) and close combat (swords, knives, axes). And in this period preference was given to axes. Several graves of female warriors were accompanied by a horse or a set of horse ammunition. This means that women could also fight in the equestrian battles.

Based on the range and the number of weapons, the Amazons of the Viking Age mainly were part of the lightly armed units. These women took up arms on a par with men in moments of acute necessity — periods of seizing of new territories or defending their lands from an external enemy.
TURKISH FACTOR IN THE GEOGRAPHICAL SPACE OF UKRAINE (BY ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS)
Authors: Biliaieva S. O.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the participation of Turk’s factor in the civilization process on the territory of Ukraine from the middle of the first — in the second millennium AD.

The study of the relations between Turks and Slavs for the long time was under press of negative views on the role of nomads, especially events of Mongol and Tatar’s invasion on the Old Russ in the middle of the XIII cent. The records were limited by written sources, and first archaeological materials come under observation only from the second part of XIX century. The results of mass archaeological excavation become the base of the investigation till the end of XX — at the beginning of the XXI century. It was the time of transformation of methodological position also. Due to achievements in the study of Turks monuments in Ukraine, the new aspects of the problem can be investigated.

First of all, it is needed to stress the specific of natural environment of the Ukrainian lands, which provided the possibility of the development of the settled and nomadic mode of life. For the second one, the position on the crossroads of Asian and European worlds was one of the main reasons of the coming of Turk’s tribes into Ukraine, which became of the place of the obliged contacts and interrelations of Slav’s and Turk’s societies.

The great attention was done to the problem of social organization of different Turk’s societies on the way to civilization, its contacts with Slavs on the different stages of the historical development, ethno and cultural integration. In the results of the archaeological and anthropological investigations the assimilation of the great part of Turks population on the territory of the Ukrainian lands was established. Besides of it, genetic features of Turks not only registries, but increased in the population of the Middle Dnieper area of Late Medieval and Modern periods. But in spite of that, in the formation of the Ukrainian nation the Slav’s component dominated. The movement of population, especially Cossacks to the direction of the Azov and Black sea was fixed, as of the natural and historical frontiers of Ukrainian lands.
THE TERRITORY OF THE CENTRAL SCYTHIA (FROM SOLOKHA TO CHORTOMLYK)
Authors: Boltryk Yu. V. , Okatenko V. M. , Toscev G. M.
Published: February 2020

This article is devoted to the extensive description of the environment of the two largest settlement structures of the Eastern European steppes — the Kapuliv and Kamyanka which date V—III centuries BC. These two powerful settlements appeared on the opposite banks near the ancient crossings through the Dnipro. They formed the main core of the Scythian state, in which Kapuliv served as the capital and Kamyanka was its economic partner. Intense life here has arisen from the time of Ariapet’s rule to the life of the descendants of King Ateus.

The Scythians chose the best place in the Pontic steppe, where in the zone of floodplain meadows and forests there were numerous straits with lakes surrounded by magnificent pastures. Therefore, along with these two main settlements, on the banks and partly in the floodplain, there were many settlements of the second order.

The importance of this zone is emphasized by the accumulation of kurhans and graveyards placed almost symmetrically on different shores. In the immediate surrounding of the settlements there are almost equal in importance burial mounds of the ordinary population. Among them are the burial ground near the village Kut, the Nikopol mound field and the burial ground of Mamay-Gora. The last one is the largest in the Eastern Europe in terms of the number of excavated burials. This graveyard is unique due to five large kurhans, located in one line: three long kurhans and two round in plan. It is possible that there was a general Scythian cult center.

Further from the Dnipro there were burial memorials of representatives of the higher social stage, among which were the largest burial mounds of Scythia — Solokha and Chortomlyk. There is a noteworthy mound alley (1.6 km long), which retreated to the west of the Solokha kurhan and turned slightly to the north, where it probably connected with a part of another smaller kurhan alley.

Not far from a smaller alley there was the recently opened manufacturing settlement Sorokina Balka. The time of its existence (all IV BC) is recorded by the findings of the coins of the cities of the North Pontus, the Marmara Sea and Macedonia.
STONES, SEA AND BARROWS: SCYTHIAN TIME SITES IN THE LANDSCAPE OF NORTHERN AZOV COAST
Authors: Demina A. D.
Published: February 2020

Herodotus described the land to the north of the Maeotian lake as a place where the royal Scythian tribes lived. Today, the northern coast of the Azov sea is most commonly associated with this land. However, even though nomadic barrows have been excavated there for more than a century, this region remains the blind spot on the archaeological map of European Scythia, in the comparison to the neighboring sites in the Dnieper and Don basins. Only the «elite» Scythian burial sites, such as Melitopol kurgan, Bierdiansk kurgan and Dvohorba mohyla have been analyzed in the broader context of nomadic burial practices. To address this gap, I have made a closer examination of 117 barrows with 160 burials of Scythian time in this region. In particular, I focused on whether the distinctive features of the local landscape correlate to the burial construction patterns. The sites, included in this research, are located within the 60 km area to the north of coastline. The latitudinal extend of this area is approximately 380 km. In addition, several sites, such as Tokmak barrows and Perederieva mohyla, which are not located in the Azov littoral, but in the upstream basins of coastal rivers are surveyed as well. This territory is divided in several geographic zones, though the high-cliffed Donets ridge and Azov Upland along with flat lowlands of Black Sea and Azov sea occupy the largest part of it. Considering the size and diversity of the territory, the claim of studying some common landscape characteristics seems to be problematic. However, this study shows that land use strategies have reflected in (1) the pattern and frequency of stone constructions, (2) the use of marine eelgrass as architectural material and (3) the arrangement of sites in regard to the bronze age barrows. This analysis contributes to the understanding of regional differentiation of burial sites and land use characteristics in Scythian time.
THE ROADS OF MILITARY EVENTS: BUKOVINA, XIV—XVIII CENTURIES
Authors: Korzhyk V. P.
Published: February 2020

The presence of communication, their density, quality, parameters to a large extent determine the strategy, logistics, tactics and overall success of military conflict resolution. On the territory of Bukovina, which is marked by an intensely dissected topography and a high degree of afforestation, the road network adapted to these difficult conditions. It played a decisive role in the implementation of the historical-geographical process in its belligerative format. From this position military conflicts signifying for Bukovyna were analyzed.

The battle in the Kozmin forest (October 1497) between Poland (Jan Olbright) and Moldova (Stefan the Great) (Chernivtsi region, Glybotsky district) is very interesting for military history. Due to the high level of forestness of the territory and a small number of roads, the battle took place along the main road at a distance of 20—22 km. For those times it became a unique phenomenon. The tactics of the forest ambush allowed a much smaller Moldovian army (a maximum of 16—17 thousand people) to achieve significant success in a short time.

Was destroyed more than half of the living force of the enemy, captured several thousand Poles, seized all the siege technology, artillery, column, carriage of the king. As a result, from 50—60 thousand Polish troops returned home only a dozen of personal guards of the king.

In October 1685, fighting near the villages of Boyany — Raranche (Novoselytsya district) took place between the troops of the Polish crown hetman Jan Jablonowski (30000 soldiers) and the Turkish-Tatar-Moldovian coalition (about 140 thousand soldiers). The commander, who was pressed to the forested hills of Khotyn highland, had to look for ways to retreat by forest roads. Due to their small quantity and poor condition, carrying out rearguard battles, he managed to save the army from defeat. The author supposed 3 options for choosing a retreat path. Now is necessary to determine the actual road with additional research using a metal detector.

In November 1691, near the village of Ropcha (Storozhynets district), after leaving Moldova, the army of Jan Sobieski, on the only one old transit route here, fell on a three-day snow storm. Non combat losses was more than 50 % soldiers, 100 % ammunition, artillery, many horses and carts. The reason is in a small number of dwellings near this road and in the absence of feed.

In 1739, during the Russo-Turkish War, the Russian army under General von Münnich in the territory of the Khotyn Hill unexpectedly and illogically used the difficult path for maneuvering across forests between the villages Zhuchka and Raranche. As a result of the two subsequent battles, the Turkish Army was broken up.

Thus, the historical geographic analysis on the principle of reflection gives the excellent opportunity to identify the nature and course of military events, exploring the network of ancient routes.
TILE COMPOSITIONS FROM DECORATION OF STOVES IN BATURYN IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE 17th AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 18th CENTURIES
Authors: Myronenko L. V.
Published: February 2020

The tile compositions from decoration of Baturyn’s stoves are discussed. Based on the form, size and number of composite elements, the tile compositions are attributed to the tile panels and friezes. All finds had localized within two objects: hetman’s palace on the Citadel (two stoves) and a house of a Baturyn nobleman on the territory of Fortress (one stove).

In the decorative construction of the polychrome stove in the Hetman’s palace, there was a tile panel, which included the large heraldic tile and a frame from the belt tiles. The frame is presented in two variants, and it’s probable to determine which of them covered the central panel. Besides that, in the central part of this polychrome stove, the tile frieze was located. Its central elements were represented by small round heraldic tiles. From the tile panel in the decoration of the second stove in Hetman’s house, only fragments of a monochrome green frame were found.

The tiled panel from the stove of the dwelling on the territory of the fortress consisted of four square tiles which formed the heraldic image of the two-headed eagle. Graphic reconstructions of tile compositions can be used in future to reconstruct the decor of the stoves.
GLAZED POTTERY MANUFACTURING IN CRIMEA AT THE TIMES OF ULUG ULUS
Authors: Teslenko I. B.
Published: February 2020

Different questions related to the manufacturing of glazed pottery in Taurica during the Jochid state and the Genoese colonization are in the sphere of scientists’ interests for more than a century. Significant increase of the archeological collections in the last decades of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century, together with the more progressive approaches to the analysis of large volumes of ceramics, and the using of archeometrical methods, allow to reach a new level of study in this field.

Now on the territory of the Crimea are known at least 10 pottery workshops, which have appeared at different times in the period from the last quarter of the 13th (not earlier than the end of the 1260s) to the first quarter of the 15th century and 6 site with single evidence of such manufacturing. 9 workshops were located in five medieval town of the peninsula: 2 — in Kaffa (Theodosia), 2 — in Soldaya (Sudak), at least 2 — in Solhat (Staryi Krym), one in Lusta (Alushta) and in Chambalo (Balaklava). Two more workshops (the earliest ones among known) were found at the settlement of the potters Bokatash II in Solkhat vicinity. Visual, and in some cases archeometrical characteristics of their products were determined. So it became possible to estimate the volumes of the glazed pottery manufacturing of various regions of the peninsula (South-Eastern and South-Western Crimea), as well as the individual workshops, in particular in Alushta, Balaklava and Bokatash. In addition, it allowed to determine the geography, volume and dynamics of the trade by glazed pottery from Crimea. The last one began to form an appreciable part of the ceramic assemblages outside the peninsula from around the 1320s.

At the beginning of the glazed ceramics production in Taurica the distinction in cultural traditions among the workshops were well visible. Some of them presumably may indicate the origin of the craftsmen from the territory of Anatolia, Transcaucasia, the Eastern Mediterranean, the Balkans, and possibly Central Asia, and may be even Italy. Subsequently, around the last third of the 14th century, this individuality is gradually replaced by standardization of production. The leader in this craft became the Genoese trading posts, headed by Caffa.
GLASSWARE FROM THE EXCAVATIONS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE MEDZHYBOZH FORTRESS IN 2015
Authors: Tolkachov Yu. I. , Zhurukhina O. Yu.
Published: February 2020

Excavations conducted on the territory of the Medzhybozh Fortress in 2015, explored the cultural layer, in which among various archaeological material were found objects of glass. Finds are divided into three categories: vessels, jewelry, and decor elements. Most of them are jewelry: the bracelets and beads. The vessels, beads, and bracelets, according to their morphology and technology, have Ancient Rus’ origin. Some of the bracelets were produced in Byzantium. The fragments of the window glass belong, probably, to the later period.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEX WITH GLAZED POTTERY OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 15th — FIRST HALF OF THE 16th CENTURIES (based on materials of the Kyiv Old Arsenal excavations)
Authors: Onohda O. V.
Published: February 2020

The paper introduces further materials of the Old Arsenal archaeological research. Ceramics from the object 12B of dig II in Arsenal inner yard were chosen for analysis. The author examined the pottery set and concluded it to be quite typical for the second half of the 15th — first half of the 16th centuries, due to its morphological and technological characteristics. The majority of vessels are pots with rims of various types. Other forms are represented rarely; among them are lid and makitra fragments. A tile of an interesting type also comes from the object. However, ceramics collection of the considered complex differs from other Arsenal objects by the presence of pottery fragments with glaze traces and stains. All glaze was transparent and green of different shades. Massive thick layers of it are found on some of the pottery fragments surfaces. Such features are considered to be signs of production waste. It is assumed that a pottery production site might have been localized nearby Arsenal area. As far as there were no other evident traces of production activities, such assumption is a draft of conclusion.
Um testemunho do contemporâneo
Authors: Souza Camila
Published: February 2020

Estes escritos oferecem uma leitura do poema “Haste”, pertencente à coletânea A dolorosa raiz do Micondó (2006), da escritora e jornalista Conceição Lima, natural de São Tomé e Príncipe. Considerado um testemunho poético e crítico sobre o tempo em que se vive, “Haste” parece deixar exposta uma realidade — um contexto de existência — hostil. Essa realidade afeta dolorosamente a relação entre ser e mundo exterior. A poesia se mostra, pois, como lugar possível para o testemunho dessa experiência marcada pela intempérie, bem como para a resistência diante de seus efeitos.
A presença da portuguesa Guiomar Torresão em ‘A Mensageira’, revista literária dedicada à mulher brasileira: laços luso-brasileiros
Authors: Barp Guilherme , Albert Zinani Cecil Jeanine
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a presença de Guiomar Torresão em A Mensageira, a fim de contribuir para a reinserção da escritora na história da literatura e para um estudo das relações luso-brasileiras da segunda metade do século XIX. Para tanto, recorreu-se a aportes teóricos das teorias feministas (ginocrítica) e da história da imprensa. Evidenciou-se que Torresão, apesar de não ter sido uma colaboradora fixa, teve extensa participação na revista, sendo mencionada em artigos críticos e outros textos, além de ter tido um papel relevante na cultura luso-brasileira, sempre levando em conta a literatura desses dois países.
Translation Quality Assessment of TSE Standards Translated from English into Turkish: Examining the Effect of Commission in the Light of the Skopos Theory
Authors: KOÇER GÜLDAL Betül , ANTONOVA ÜNLÜ Elena
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to evaluate translation quality of the standards translated from English into Turkish before 2016 and after 2016 to determine whether there was an improvement in the translation quality of standards as a result of the introduction of a translation commission [auftrag]. For this purpose, corpus one (C1) consisting of ten randomly chosen standards in the field of construction translated before 2016, and corpus two (C2) consisting of ten randomly chosen standards in the field of construction translated after 2016 were evaluated according to the translation quality assessment model Multidimensional Quality Metrics(MQM) (Lommel, Burchardt,&Uszkoreit, 2014, 2015). The translation errors found in each corpus were classified according to seventeen error types and their severities. Then the results of the translation quality analysis of C1 and C2 were compared to find out whether there was any improvement in the translation quality of C2 after the introduction of the translation commission. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were utilized in the study. The data analysis revealed that the introduction of the translation commission improved the quality of translation: there was a significant decrease in error rates in C2. Moreover, the error patterns in C1 and C2 were found to differ significantly: the translation errors in C1 were distributed uniformly over the error categories, while the majority of the errors in C2 belonged to the category of Fluency. The study finally discussed the findings in relation to the availability of a translation commission in the translation process within the framework of Skopos theory.
Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Edebiyat Dergilerinde Çeviri, Eleştiri ve Polemik: Çeviri Tarihine ‘Tercüme Münakaşaları’ Işığında Bakmak
Authors: ARSLAN Devrim Ulaş
Published: February 2020

Türkiye odaklı çeviri tarihi çalışmalarında Tercüme, Metis Çeviri ve Yazko Çeviri gibi çeviri odaklı yayınlar dışında kalan süreli yayınlardaki çeviri eleştirilerinin genellikle göz ardı edildiği bulgusundan yola çıkan bu çalışmanın iki temel amacı bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki, 1935-1945 yılları arasında Yücel, Varlık, Oluş, Marmara, Harman ve Kalem gibi edebiyat dergilerinde yayımlanan eleştirel metinlerin geniş çeşitliliğine dikkat çekerek söz konusu metinlerin içerikleri ve biçimsel zenginlikleri sebebiyle çeviri eleştirisi, inceleme ya da tanıtım gibi kavramların akademik tanımlarıyla uyumsuz olduğunu göstermektir. Bu sebeple, mevcut çalışmada bu metinlerin daha kapsayıcı bir isimlendirmeyle “çeviri üzerine eleştirel metinler” olarak tanımlanması önerilmekte ve yeni bir sınıflandırmanın gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır. Çalışmanın ikinci amacı ise, yukarıda sözü geçen dergilerin 1935 ve 1945 yılları arasında taranması ile oluşturulmuş metinler derlemi içerisinde, Türkiye odaklı çeviri tarihi araştırmaları açısından dikkat çekici özellikler taşıyan iki büyük ‘tercüme münakaşasını’ eleştirilerin erek kültürde meydana getirdiği etki ile birlikte özgünlük, yazarlık, tercüme, intihal ve adaptasyon kavramları üzerinden sorunsallaştırmaktır. Çalışma sonucunda, çeviri üzerine eleştirel metinlerin erek kültürde büyük çapta tartışma ve sorgulamalara sebep olabildiği ve dönemin birçok yazar ve aydınının gizli çeviri veya adaptasyon gibi sınırdaki çeviri faaliyetleri karşısında sorgulayıcı ve eleştirel bir bakış açısı benimsediği gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmada, ayrıca, 1935-1945 yılları arasında edebiyat dergilerinde yayımlanmış olan çeviri üzerine eleştirel metinlerin incelenmesinin Türkiye odaklı çeviri, eleştiri ve edebiyat tarihine yeni veriler aracılığıyla katkıda bulunabileceği ve dönemin daha bütüncül temsiline olanak sağlayacağı görüşü savunulmaktadır.
Who is to blame for the Withdrawal of Roger Ackroyd Cinayeti from Circulation? The Critic or the Translator?
Authors: BOZKURT JOBANPUTRA Seyhan
Published: February 2020

Translation
criticism has been a controversial area in the field of Translation Studies in
Turkey, as it has been throughout the rest of the world. Many, if not most,
translation criticisms that have appeared so far have been little more than a
list of errors, the result of a strict comparison between the source text(s)
and target text(s). These comparisons often fail to take into consideration the
external factors that translators pay attention to in their translation
processes, such as the composition, knowledge, expectations and requirements,
etc. of the target culture and the target audience. In this paper, I will
analyze, within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, the discourse of
two criticisms of Gönül Suveren’s translation of Agatha Christie’s novel The
Murder of Roger Ackroyd. One is by the translator and editor Celal Üster,
and the other – a response to Üster’s – is by Çağlar Tanyeri, a translator and
scholar of Translation Studies. This particular incident may actually be
considered a singular case as Celal Üster’s criticism ultimately led to the
withdrawal of Gönül Suveren’s translation from circulation by the publishers,
Altın Kitaplar. This paper attempts to show how their discourses differ in
various aspects and also draws attention to how the power some agents may
possess in and over discourse may have catastrophic results, such as the one in
this case.
Çeviri Sosyolojisi Işığında Engelli Çevirmenler: Fenomenolojik Yaklaşım ile Görünmeyeni Görünür Kılmak
Authors: TAŞKIN Burcu , BOGENÇ DEMİREL Emine
Published: February 2020

Engelli bireylerin gelişen teknoloji ile geleneksel olarak istihdam edildikleri mesleklerden farklı alanlara yöneldikleri; ancak bu alanlarda ayrımcılıkla karşılaştıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Bu mesleklerden biri de çevirmenliktir. Engelli çevirmenlerin mesleki alanda nasıl konum aldıklarına vurgu yapan bu çalışma, Çeviri sosyolojisi ve Pierre Bourdieu’nün kavramlarından yararlanarak Fenomenolojik yaklaşımı araç edinmiştir. Çeviri sosyolojisi, çeviri pratiğine dahil olan bütün eyleyicileri ilişkisellik içinde inceler; Fenomenolojik yaklaşım ise bireylerin deneyimlerine ışık tutarak onları görünür kılar. Bunu gerçekleştirmek için de sahanın sesine kulak vermek gerekir. Bu araştırmada görme ve ortopedik engelli beş çevirmen ile derinlemesine yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmış; kaydedilen görüşmelerin çeviri yazıları incelendikten sonra iki tema öne çıkmıştır. Bu temalardan biri engelli çevirmenlere işverenlerinin ve akademik eğitimleri sırasında öğretim elemanlarının gösterdiği ön yargılı yaklaşımlardır. Bu ön yargı beraberinde ayrımcılığı getirerek engelli çevirmenlerin yeterli mesleki eğitimden yoksun kalmalarına sebep olmaktadır. Diğer tema ise başta Bilgisayar Destekli Çeviri (BDÇ) araçları ve ders materyalleri olmak üzere engelli çevirmenlerin önlerindeki erişilebilirlik engelidir. Erişilebilirliğin kamuya açık bütün kurumların yerine getirmesi gereken bir zorunluluk olmasına rağmen engelli çevirmenlerin hem eğitimleri hem de çalışma hayatları sırasında erişilebilirlik engeline takıldıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, engelli çevirmenlerin alandaki dezavantajlı konumları ve karşılaştıkları sorunları görünür kılarak akademi ve sektörde farkındalık yaratmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çevirmenlik eğitimi ve mesleği önündeki engellerin kaldırılmasıyla şimdiye kadar yalnızca belli başlı alanlarda istihdam edilen engelli bireylerin yetenekleri ve eğitimleri doğrultusunda istedikleri mesleklerde çalışmalarının da önü açılacaktır.
Fenomena ragam spiritualitas rumah Jawa
Authors: Wibowo Satrio Hasto Broto
Published: February 2020

Budaya spiritualitas masyarakat Jawa terwujud dalam beragam arsitektur rumah Jawa.Â  Spiritualitas dalam ragamÂ  rumah Jawa masih banyak yang belum terungkap menjadi ilmu pengetahuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap ragam spiritualitas yang mendasari keberadaan ragam rumah Jawa di berbagai wilayah Jawa. Riset lapangan (field research) menjadi metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaÂ  spiritualitas dalam rumah Jawa berupa keberadaan sumber spiritualitas di dalam dan di luarÂ  rumah Jawa yang berpengaruh terhadap penghuni maupun fisik arsitektural. Sumber spiritual yang berada di dalam rumah berupa Sunan Walisanga, Dewi Sri (mbokde Sri) dan Pasungdari. Keberadaan mereka termnifesatasikan pada ruang (senthong tengah dan pusat rumah) Â da pada Â rangka rumah. Sumber spiritual yang berada di luar rumah adalah Ratu Kidul di Laut Selatan dan Dewa-dewi di Keblat. Keberadaan mereka berimplikasi pada arah hadap rumah Jawa menghadap Selatan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa rumah Jawa memiliki ragam spiritualitas yang berbeda-beda dan Â mendasari terbentuknya arsitektural rumah Jawa.
PERLUASAN MAKNA LEKSEM ANAK DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Nugraha A. Danang Satria
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini membahas perluasan makna leksem anak dalam bahasa Indonesia (bI). Metode observasi digunakan selama penyediaan data dan metode padan digunakan selama analisis data. Data berwujud kalimat yang bersumber pada penggunaan bahasa Indonesia baik secara lisan maupun tertulis. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan perluasan makna leksem anak dapat dideskripsikan melalui tiga bagian pembahasan, yaitu (a) konstruksi idiomatis, (b) makna literal dan makna perluasan, dan (c) jejaring semantis leksem anak. Konstruksi idiomatis leksem anak terdiri atas enam tipe, yaitu [X + N], [X + Adj.], [X + V], [X + N + N], [X + N + V], dan [X + Num. + N]. Makna literal leksem anak adalah ‘keturunan yang keduaʼ. Makna perluasan leksem anak sekurang-kurangnya berjumlah tujuh, yaitu ‘urutan kelahiranʼ, ‘manusia yang masih kecilʼ, ‘binatang yang masih kecilʼ, ‘pohon kecil atau tanaman yang tumbuh pada tumbuh-tumbuhan yang lebih besarʼ, ‘orang yang berasal dari atau dilahirkan di suatu daerahʼ, ‘orang yang termasuk dalam suatu golonganʼ, dan ‘yang lebih kecil daripada yang lainʼ. Jejaring semantis leksem anak mengilustrasikan arus perluasan makna dari ranah literal ke ranah perluasan.