bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF XBRL ADOPTION IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Dangote Business School, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria, Nuruddeen Abba Abdullahi
Published: July 2022

The information technology revolution has profound implications on financial reporting, financial information preparers and users. Today, speed, quality, accuracy and transparency are components for timely and useful corporate reports. This study explores the concepts, potential benefits and challenges of implementing eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) in Nigeria. The study uses both primary data and secondary data sources towards achieving its stated objectives. It reviews, existing literature in the context of developing countries, to analyze the prospects of XBRL adoption in Nigeria. Whereas interviews were conducted with stakeholders relevant to the process of XBRL adoption in Nigeria. Also, the study reports XBRL adoption effort in Nigeria. Findings indicate that there is a lack of awareness about XBRL among key stakeholders, including professional accountants. It was also found that there are inter-stakeholders’ rivalry which hampered the formation of XBRL Provisional Nigerian Jurisdiction thus the drive for the implementation of XBRL requires greater cooperation and collaboration of the major stakeholders, including government regulators, professional accountancy organizations, public entities, technology experts, educators, investors and other users of financial reports. The study concludes that XBRL could benefit stakeholders across the supply chain in corporate reporting, and there were options to address the challenges. It recommends that the authorities should consider persuasion for voluntary regulatory compliance with XBRL reporting system by large entities rather than mandatory compliance. The initiative for the establishment of XBRL Nigeria Provisional Jurisdiction should be accelerated and sustained towards fast XBRL adoption in Nigeria.
STAFF TRAINING AND MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT AS PARAMETERS FOR PERSONAL EFFICIENCY IN THE CIVIL SERVICES: A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, OYO STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan Nigeria, DADA Oludolapo Omolara , OJO Adeshina Akinwumi ,   Faculty of Social Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan Nigeria
Published: July 2022

Despite the recognition of the importance of training by management experts and government as expressed in white papers on various reforms in Nigeria, the experience of manpower training and development in the Nigeria public service has been more of ruse and waste which informed this study which examined the perception and relevance of influence of training and manpower development on employee performance, using civil servants in Oyo State, Nigeria as reference. Descriptive research design was adopted and data was gathered from 50 respondents. Simple frequencies and percentages were utilized to analyze the gathered data. Findings revealed that 49.8% of those that had training and those exposed to manpower development had high job performance as against 21.2% for their counterparts with no training and manpower development. Also, it was discovered that the primary aim of training and manpower development was rather to meet statutory requirements (60%), as against improvement on the job (31.2%) and has policy implications for training and manpower development relevant to organizational need or goal to be provided to employees. Based on the findings, policy implications suggest that, training and manpower development relevant to organizational goals should be provided to employees and recipients provided with an enabling environment to perform tasks (the enabling environment includes opportunity to put into practice the new skill and competence they acquired; commensurate monetary reward to, perhaps, compensate them for the rigors experienced in acquiring the new skill and competence. In conclusion, this report has underscored that the aim of training and manpower development might not directly gear towards job performance. Further study is required to ascertain the conditions within which training and manpower development could improve job performance amongst civil servant
Análisis comparativo de la percepción corporal sobre el entrenamiento entre individuos omnívoros y vegetarianos
Authors: Beer Gabriel , Pinto de Castro Juliana Brandão , Barros dos Santos Andressa Oliveira , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo
Published: July 2022

Las dietas vegetarianas se adoptan cada vez más en el mundo. Por lo tanto, existe una preocupación por la adecuación nutricional y el aumento del rendimiento deportivo entre los profesionales de la salud y los entrenadores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la percepción corporal del entrenamiento físico entre individuos omnívoros y vegetarianos y, en segundo lugar, comparar la percepción de diferentes dietas vegetarianas sobre el rendimiento deportivo. La muestra tuvo un total de 189 participantes (47 hombres y 142 mujeres), siendo 91 omnívoros (31 hombres y 60 mujeres) y 98 vegetarianos (17 hombres y 81 mujeres). Se utilizó el cuestionario de Percepción del Cuerpo en el Rendimiento Deportivo (Pecopes), que consta de dos dimensiones: dimensión 1 = percepción del cuerpo en el rendimiento deportivo; dimensión 2 = percepción corporal en el entrenamiento técnico y táctico. Los resultados mostraron una diferencia significativa en la dimensión 1 favorable a los vegetarianos en comparación con los omnívoros. El subgrupo ovolactovegetariano también tuvo un resultado significativamente mayor que los omnívoros en la dimensión 1. Así, fue posible concluir que los participantes vegetarianos en el presente estudio tenían una mejor percepción del cuerpo en el rendimiento deportivo en comparación con los omnívoros, pero no hubo diferencias. que se encuentran en la percepción del cuerpo con respecto al entrenamiento técnico y táctico.
Educational Data Mining Using Cluster Analysis Methods and Decision Trees based on Log Mining
Authors: Safitri Safira Nuri , Haryono Setiadi  , Suryani Esti
Published: July 2022

Educational Data Mining (EDM) often appears to be applied in big data processing in the education sector. One of the educational data that can be further processed with EDM is activity log data from an e-learning system used in teaching and learning activities. The log activity can be further processed more specifically by using log mining. The purpose of this study was to process log data from the Sebelas Maret University Online Learning System (SPADA UNS) to determine student learning behavior patterns and their relationship to the final results obtained. The data mining method applied in this research is cluster analysis with the K-means Clustering and Decision Tree algorithms. The clustering process is used to find groups of students who have similar learning patterns. While the decision tree is used to model the results of the clustering in order to enable the analysis and decision-making processes. Processing of 11,139 SPADA UNS log data resulted in 3 clusters with a Davies Bouldin Index (DBI) value of 0.229. The results of these three clusters are modeled by using a Decision Tree. The decision tree model in cluster 0 represents a group of students who have a low tendency of learning behavior patterns with the highest frequency of access to course viewing activities obtained accuracy of 74.42% . In cluster 1, which contains groups of students with high learning behavior patterns, have a high frequency of access to viewing discussion activities obtained accuracy of 76.47%. While cluster 2 is a group of students who have a pattern of learning behavior that is having a high frequency of access to the activity of sending assignments obtained accuracy of 90.00%.
Frequency of Pulmonary Embolism (PE) in Suspected Cases using Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA).
Authors: Ayesha Zafar  , Hira Bushra  , Riffat Kamal
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of pulmonary embolism in suspected patients through Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Study Design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Radiology, Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan. Period: 25 October 2019 to 25 October 2020. Material & Methods: The study contained 152 patients who were referred to the Department of radiology for diagnosis of PE through computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Demographic characteristics of all the included subjects were also noted. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography was done in all subjects and results were analyzed for absence or presence of PE by expert radiologists. Results: The mean age of included subjects was 49.36±10.34 years. The number of female patients was 95 while the number of the male was 57. The mean duration of the symptoms was 3.86 ±1.7days. 126 patients (82.89%) did not have pulmonary embolism while 26 (17.11%) were diagnosed with PE. Duration of symptoms, gender, and age stratification was done. The Association of these factors with pulmonary embolism was not found to be significant. Conclusion: The study showed that the frequency of PE diagnosed in suspected patients through Computed tomography pulmonary angiography was17.11%.
Acculturation in the Integration Course for Immigrants in Germany: A Study from the Cultural Bridge Approach
Authors: Tovar-Gálvez Julio César
Published: July 2022

Acculturation processes as inclusive cultural interactions may or may not be motivated by educational contexts. This paper studies the acculturation process in the integration course that the German government offers to hundreds of thousands of immigrants. The framework is the Cultural Bridge (CB) that happens when individuals or communities participate in diverse cultures while preserving their own culture. The method is the content analysis of semi-structured interviews. Six immigrants provide information about their experience in the integration course. The results show approaches to and limitations for cultural inclusion. Finally, the discussion interprets the findings from the CB, compares this study with other results and presents some implications. In conclusion, the integration course leads to partially inclusive acculturation processes.
Life cycle assessment and economical valuation of a natural convection solar greenhouse dryer in Western Maharashtra, India
Authors: Yadav Aditya Arvind , Prabhu Pravin A. , Bagi Jaydeep S.
Published: July 2022

The current study focuses on the life cycle assessment and an economic valuation of a natural convection solar greenhouse dryer in Western Maharashtra, India. The Solar Greenhouse Dryer is an active device that gains solar radiation incident on to the surface of the dryer and along with wind energy, it removes moisture from agricultural yield. The combination of solar energy and wind energy removes moisture from agricultural yield. The Solar Greenhouse Dryer is primarily used in rural settings; hence, it is very important to analyse the environmental and economic aspects associated with the dryer to obtain the maximum benefit from the dryer with less investment possible. The experiment involving a natural convection solar dryer was conducted at Bahe, Borgaon, Tal-Walwa, Dist- Sangli, Maharashtra, India located at 17.115o N and 74.33o E. The environmental parameters taken into considerations during the analysis covered energy, energy payback time and CO2 emissions, mitigation and carbon credits earned by the dryer. The economic analysis of the solar dryer consists of the annual cost of the dryer, the salvage value, the annual saving obtained and the payback period respectively.
The Effects of BIST Manufacturing Industry Companies' Dollarization Propensity on Business Finance Policies
Authors: YALÇINER Kürşat , TOPCU Murat
Published: July 2022

Türkiye’de finansal ve finansal olmayan sektör firmaları ile hane halkının varlık ve yükümlülük dolarizasyonu önemli ölçüde artmış ve dolarizasyon işletmelerin finansman kararlarında dikkate alınan önemli bir değişken haline gelmiştir. Çalışmada Borsa İstanbul’da (BİST) işlem gören imalat sanayi işletmelerinin dolarizasyon eğilimlerinin finansman tercihleri üzerine etkisine odaklanılmakta, işletmelerin varlık ve yükümlülük dolarizasyon seviyelerinin işletme finansmanında tercih edilen kaynağın çeşidini, vadesini ve temel finansman kurallarına uyumunu etkileyip etkilemediği hipotezleri test edilmektedir. Panel veri analizinden elde edilen sonuçlar, işletmelerin yükümlülük dolarizasyonu arttıkça finansman politika tercihinde uzun vadeli finansal borç kullanımına yöneldiği, varlık dolarizasyonu artan işletmelerin ise borçlanmadan ziyade öz sermaye ile finansmanı tercih ettiklerini göstermektedir. Çalışmanın tali sonuçlarında ise firma piyasa değeri değişkeni (FPD) borçlanma ile ilgili tüm değişkenleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif, öz sermaye ile ilgili değişkeni ise anlamlı pozitif etkilemektedir. FPD değerindeki artışın işletmelerin öz kaynakla finansman eğilimine pozitif katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Firma büyüklüğü değişkeni ise tam tersi şekilde borçlanma ile ilgili değişkenleri anlamlı pozitif özsermaye ile ilgili değişkenleri ise anlamlı negatif etkilemektedir. Firma büyüklüğü borçlanma ile finansman tercihini uyarmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonuçları yükümlülük dolarizasyonunun varlık dolarizasyonuna göre finansman politika tercihleri üzerindeki etkisinin daha güçlü olduğu yönündeki kısıtlı literatürü desteklemektedir.
MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF ISLAMIC SCHOOL (MADRASAH) PRINCIPAL IN IMPROVING TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM AT MADRASAH ALIYAH SWASTA YAYASAN MADRASAH PENDIDIKAN ISLAM IN SEI TUALANG RASO, TANJUNGBALAI
Authors: Panjaitan Elbiana
Published: July 2022

This study aims to see the development of teacher professionalism skills, strategies implemented by Madrasah (Islamic school) principals in improving teacher professionalism, and the effectiveness of management strategies used by Madrasah principals in improving teacher professionalism at MAS YMPI ST. Raso Tanjung Balai. The study follows a descriptive field method and a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate the development of teacher professionalism at MAS YMPI ST. Raso Tanjung Balai. This can be seen that of  31 teachers, there are 30 people teachers whose education level is undergraduate (S1), and 1 teacher whose education level is still diploma. About 96.7% of teachers have met teacher competency standards. This study shows that the principal's policy on increasing the professionalism of teachers at MAS YMPI ST Raso Tanjung Balai in terms of is quite good. This can be seen from the documents made by the teacher in the form of annual programs, semester programs, syllabi, and lesson plans. The policy of the head of the Madrasa in terms of micro is quite good. This can be seen from the policies set by the school principal for teachers, such as attending educational seminars, holding discussions, conducting meetings, group studies among teachers, using laptops/ learning media during the learning process, and evaluating student learning outcomes in the middle of the semester. Regarding the effectiveness of the Madrasa principal's policy, based on the results of this study, it is considered successful but still needs to be improved in the future.
Formative Assessment of Students’ Extracurricular Activities in the Context of Implementation of A Posteriori Model of Professional Training
Authors: Pisarenko Danila Andreevich
Published: July 2022

The paper discusses the experience of introducing formative assessment of future teachers’ extracurricular activities in the process of professional training at university. The study aims to substantiate and carry out a practical evaluation of the methodology for formative assessment of teacher trainees’ extracurricular activities in the practice of higher education. The work provides detailed insight into the content, organisational and practical components of the developed methodology for formative assessment of higher education students’ extracurricular activities. Experimental work on a practical evaluation of the methodology took place at Togliatti State University and made it possible to assess the level of personal and professional development of students of a pedagogical brigade, to give recommendations for further improvement of teacher trainees’ extracurricular activities. Scientific novelty of the study lies in using the case method as a tool for formative assessment of the results of higher education students’ extracurricular activities. As a result of the study, it has been proved that the introduction of the formative assessment procedure into the process of students’ professional training has a positive impact on the development of self-assessment of personal achievements, helps to find “educational deficits”, to outline ways to eliminate them, which ensures students’ professional formation.
ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO ORÇAMENTÁRIO DA PREVENÇÃO DE LESÃO POR PRESSÃO EM IDOSOS ACAMADOS
Authors: Castro Dayane Ferreira de , Silva Roberto Carlos Lyra da , Portela Alessandra Santos , Hora Kenia Oliveira Barbosa da , Furtado Monique de Sousa , Sodré Sarah Lopes Silva , Nogueira Glycia de Almeida , Conceição Thyago Bernardo da , Costa Bruna Dutra da , Cristino Graziele Feliciano , Ferreira Fábio Gonçalves , Abreu Alcione Matos de , Silva Roberto Carlos Lyra da
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto orçamentário e o incremento de custos da incorporação de superfícies especiais para o manejo da pressão para prevenção de lesão por pressão em pacientes idosos acamados. Método: Análise de impacto orçamentário, seguindo as recomendações da diretriz metodológica análise de impacto orçamentário. Delinearam-se dois possíveis cenários (referência e alternativo 1, 2 e 3). Resultados: O custo em cinco anos no cenário de referência, adotando apenas a estratégia de mudança de decúbito, foi estimado em R$ 253.86,2542,81. Os custos nos cenários alternativos 1, 2 e 3 foram respectivamente, no mesmo período e com os ajustes econômicos, R$ 250.422.191,73, R$ 249.223.263,19 e R$ 248.029.130,37. Conclusão: A utilização de altas tecnologias nem sempre será o diferencial para o melhor desfecho clínico do paciente e poderá acarretar mais custo ao sistema.
Descomposición y conflicto en el circuito mercantil de la ciudad de Resistencia, Chaco en el marco la cuarentena frente a la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Graciosi Marcelo
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo aborda el impacto de la cuarentena por la pandemia COVID-19 en el sector del comercio en la provincia del Chaco y en particular en la ciudad de Resistencia  (Argentina). El objeto particular es observar la conflictividad social que se desató. Lo que vamos a tener es un escenario marcado por la caída abrupta de ventas por el cierre de los comercios y por las restricciones para circular que afectaron a toda la población. La situación inmediata que surgió es que comerciantes de todos los rubros y tamaños comienzan a tener pérdidas que afectan la posibilidad de que sus unidades económicas se sostengan. Frente a este contexto van a emerger sujetos en lucha; comerciantes que van a organizarse de manera independiente a la Cámara de Comercio de la Ciudad de Resistencia, los denominados comerciantes Autoconvocados. Esta nueva organización de
comercios que pertenecen a diferentes fracciones sociales desarrollaron una serie de protestas con el objetivo de lograr la apertura de sus comercios, obtener subsidios y rebajas de alquileres, todo ello como medidas excepcionales que permita la supervivencia de su actividad comercial. El proceso de lucha que tuvo lugar no solo implico tomar distancia y enfrentar el peso corporativo de la Cámara de Comercio local, sino también una clara confrontación con el estado provincial; confrontación que estará conducida por las fracciones de burguesía más consolidadas.
Políticas públicas y capacidad institucional para la gestión de los derechos humanos en los municipios del departamento del César, Colombia
Authors: Martínez Ubárnez Simón , Pedroza Estrada Antonio Yesid , De La Hoz Mercado Javier Enrique
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo, es resultado de una investigación que tuvo como propósito el de evaluar el estado de las políticas públicas locales y la capacidad instalada de los municipios del departamento del Cesar, Colombia, para afrontar una realidad exigente, como es la de construir cultura de paz a partir de los derechos humanos, en un momento en el cual el país se avoca al escenario siguiente a los acuerdos de paz con los grupos insurgentes que han combatido a la institucionalidad del Estado, afectando notablemente a la sociedad civil. La investigación se desarrolló con un diseño cualitativo de orientación fenomenológica, aplicando las técnicas de la entrevista estructurada y el grupo focal, con una cobertura en los 25 municipios del departamento del César, localizado al nororiente colombiano, cuyos personeros –en su condición de representantes del Ministerio Público y base del Sistema Nacional de los Derechos Humanos-, fueron entrevistados en desarrollo del trabajo de campo; y también, se tuvieron en cuenta líderes sociales destacados, para realizar con ellos un grupo focal. Los resultados obtenidos y conclusiones derivadas del estudio, logrados con aplicación del sistema Atlas-Ti, aportan una visión de la situación institucional de la gestión local, en cuanto a que la percepción de los actores delata una problemática en la gestión de los derechos humanos en el departamento del Cesar.
La responsabilidad social corporativa y su papel para la competitividad de las empresas latinoamericanas
Authors: Da Costa Pimenta Clayson Cosme
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo explora la potencialidad del paradigma de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) y su impacto en la competitividad de las empresas de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC). En primer lugar, se define el concepto, analizando cómo ha evolucionado desde los años 70, para, posteriormente, trazar un cuadro general acerca de las perspectivas que la RSC abre una región como la latinoamericana. Se reserva un apartado específico para examinar el papel de la RSC en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes). Por último, se bosquejan varias líneas de investigación prospectivas alrededor del problema de la RSC y la competitividad empresarial.
Recurrent toxoplasma chorioretinitis in a patient with a selective deficiency of NKT cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes associated with a genetic deficiency of the folate cycle. Case report
Authors: Maltsev D. V. , Hurzhii O. O.
Published: July 2022

This article describes a case study of recurrent Toxoplasma chorioretinitis in a young patient with cell immunodeficiency. Patient K., 37 years old, was admitted to ophthalmologist with complaints of decreased visual acuity and discomfort in the left eye. The history of the disease evidenced  that he had suffered at least 2 episodes of acute posterior uveitis in the past without finding out the etiological factor. Ophthalmological examination revealed an old scar on the retina of the right eye and signs of acute vitreous and chorioretinitis around the old scar on the retina of the left eye. By applying the method of paired sera, it was possible to establish the etiological factor of ophthalmic lesions — Toxoplasma gondii. Assessment of immune status demonstrated selective deficiency of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NKT cells. Obvious causes of secondary immunosuppression, including HIV, were ruled out. The Genetic Panel «Primary Immunodeficiencies» with sequencing of more than 400 genes of known primary human immunodeficiencies did not reveal pathology. However, persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was noted, and a genetic test for folate deficiency was performed. MTHFR A1298C in the heterozygous state and MTRR A66G in the homozygous state were detected, which was associated with the detected cell immunodeficiency, taking into account the results of studies on immune status in folic acid metabolism disorders and reports of severe opportunistic infections in humans with genetic deficiency of folate cycle.
Treatment included spiramycin at a dose of 3 million IU orally three times a day for 14 consecutive days (to inhibit Toxoplasma), recombinant human a2b interferon at a dose of 3 million IU i/m every other day at night №15 (to compensate for the deficiency of NKT cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes), oxodihydroacridinylacetate sodium 2 mL i/m every other day at night №15, alternating with interferon (to compensate for the deficiency of NKT cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes) and local peribulbar injections of betamethasone № 3 (to eliminate the inflammation in the left eye). Improvement in visual acuity was observed on day 8 of treatment, and recovery of left eye function was observed at the end of the month of therapy. Due to the additional three‑month courses of recombinant human alpha2b‑interferon to compensate cell immunodeficiency, which were carried out during the next 2 years of  follow‑up, it was possible to prevent further recurrence of toxoplasma invasion.
Profil self-efficacy peserta didik dan implikasinya dalam pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah
Authors: Azis Joni Abdul , Rufaidah Anna , Mardiana Nina
Published: July 2022

the purpose of this research is to see the level of self-efficacy of students. The research was conducted by survey method. The population in this study was class VIII students of SMP Negeri 2 Cisarua in Bogor Regency with a sample size of 40 students. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The research instrument used is the self-efficacy questionnaire, which has been validated and has a reliability of 0.91. Data analysis in this study was carried out using the ordinal or level categorization method based on the normal distribution. The results of the study concluded that Class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Cisarua had a level of self-efficacy in the medium category. The results of this study are expected to be useful as a reference for guidance counseling teachers in helping students to be able to improve self-efficacy.
A Review of the Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Solid Waste Materials
Authors: Alasadi Ghazwan , Ali Sura
Published: July 2022

Landfill and incineration are the most common and widely used methods to dispose of solid wastes; both of these techniques are considered the main sources of pollution in the world due to the harmful toxic emissions that are considered an environmental problem. Because of the large areas used by landfills, they are not always considered an economical method. With the increase in the production of solid materials, solid wastes increase the pressure on incinerators and landfills, making the environmental pollution hazard more serious. Instead, these waste materials can be used in some other applications. One of the most important of these applications is asphalt pavements, which are the most used types of pavements in the world. This study is to review the properties and performance of asphalt mixtures that contain different ratios of recycled PET and glass waste as a filler, partial replacement of fine aggregate, and binder modifier. These mixtures showed positive and accepted results for standard specifications.
Influence of Stone Powder on the Mechanical Properties of Clayey Soil
Authors: Ibrahim Mais
Published: July 2022

In this experimental study, the use of stone powder as a stabilizer to the clayey soil studied. Tests of Atterberg limits, compaction, fall cone (FCT), Laboratory vane shear (LVT), and expansion index (EI) were carried out on soil-stone powder mixtures with fixed ratios of stone powder (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) by the dry weight. Results indicated that the undrained shear strength obtained from FCT and LVT increased at all the admixture ratios, and the expansion index reduced with the increase of the stone powder.
Government funding and quality of education in Nigeria: the imperative role of non-governmental organizations
Authors: Ugbudu Martin Iorgbir , Ashir Esther Nguamo
Published: July 2022

The imperative for sound and quality education cannot be overemphasized. Education is fundamental to the construction of a knowledge economy and society in all nations. It provides the needed manpower for the overall turn- around of a nation. In Nigeria, the educational system is bedevilled by poor funding characterized by incessant strikes, closures of schools and decay in infrastructure. This study examines the issue of government playing a dominant role in financing public schools vis-a-vis the quality of education in Nigeria. The fundamental questioned that is posed is, in a nation where educational policies, infrastructure, personnel and programs are provided mainly by the government, can education develop beyond what the government can provide?  Using a descriptive approach, the study, which relies on secondary data and adopts the systems theory as its frame of the analysis found out that government funding of the educational sector has eroded the quality of education in Nigeria. Based on this, it recommends a funding strategy where Non-Governmental Organizations will complement government efforts to fund education in the country.
The impact of social cleavages on women’s political participation in Nigeria
Authors: Ozden Kemal , Kerry Happiness P. , Manafa Agatha C.
Published: July 2022

Women in Northern Nigeria are secluded in political positions following ethnic differences and religious backgrounds than women in Southern Nigeria, who participate more in public life. The basis for this disparity is the value placed on women in both spheres of interest. The African tradition relegates women to the background and gives the men a voice. The paper looks at the impact of social cleavages and factors responsible for the low participation of women in politics. The research used both a qualitative and quantitative method through face-to-face interviews with five female respondents. The study focused on women participation in politics making Inferences from data collected through interviews. The fear factor, economic and cultural beliefs were among the reasons for the low turnout of women in political participation. The paper concluded that women should support women and create awareness in enlightenment programmes for women in rural areas.
Blended learning and technological pedagogical knowledge
Authors: Ohazuruike Kennedy
Published: July 2022

Information technology has converted the entire teaching pedagogy to a learner-centred pedagogy; this has led to the acquisition of tools of learning technology as a basic requirement on the part of both the teachers and the learners. Blended learning and pedagogical technology are veritable means of transmitting knowledge in the 21st Century.  That is why the teachers and students alike are encouraged to embrace this form of learning to successfully migrate into this millennium. While we understand that this method has its unique limitations and difficulties, it is our hope that when fully explored, the potentials for tech crazy generation of learners are enormous. This research aims at exploring both patterns of learning and investigates their relevance and importance towards improving the learning experience and giving qualitative education.
The effects of teachers' factor on students performance in the final examinations in Abuja (FCT), Nigeria
Authors: Umar Bello
Published: July 2022

The performances of students in final year examinations in recent times have been very low and this may have been as a result of teacher effect. The study is an evaluation of effect of teachers' factor on students' performance in final examinations in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), a case study of Secondary Schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council to determine teachers' influence on students. The Literature review provided a framework for the study and focused on effect of teachers on students' performance in areas of teacher characteristics related to teacher effectiveness and student's evaluation of instructional effectiveness in order to ensure proper understanding of the topic. Survey method was used for the study using a Questionnaire for gathering of primary data. A sample was taken using stratified random sampling for selected Schools, simple random sampling to select respondents out of which 105 responses was received for analysis. Analysis revealed that teachers positively affect students' performance, but teaching methodology is not adequate. In conclusion students are not concerned with the race, gender, ethnicity and other characteristics of their teachers; however, the students have raised concerns on teachers teaching methodology.
The importance of statistical analysis in accounting research
Authors: Rashid Chnar Abdullah
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the use of statistical analysis in academia and enterprises has been developing. Generally, students, professors, workers, and users are usually exposed to statistical analysis at some point. Sometimes, it is difficult to perform this type of analysis. Few people have theoretical knowledge to understand statistical analysis clearly, sometimes even the results given. Often, academic institutions or companies require users to provide reports but do not have time to explore or understand the results or tasks required for optimal data preparation. The statistical methods involved in conducting a study include planning, designing, collecting data, analyzing, deriving meaningful explanations and reporting the study results. The statistical analysis gives meaning to meaningless numbers, thus making life lifeless. Only by using appropriate statistical tests can the results and inferences be accurate. In this work, we provide a statistical overview of some accounting research conducted in various countries to reveal the importance of statistical analysis in completing accounting and finance research.
Electoral fraud and democratic election: a comparison of Nigeria 2019 elections and United States 2020 elections
Authors: Kerry Happiness P.
Published: July 2022

The 2020 elections in the United States’ 2020 elections were full of controversies despite recording the highest voters turnout since 1900. These electoral disputes are due to claims made by the then President, Donald Trump. Though the supreme court dismissed the claims of electoral fraud, the impact has left the American citizens more polarised at the national, state, and congressional levels. Scholars have argued that electoral fraud has existed since modern democratic development in the mid and late 19th century and is still occasionally an issue in some well-established democracies, while other scholars are not in support of such claims.  Compared to the 2019 elections conducted in Nigeria, reports of electoral frauds have been on the front burner right from 1999. Its impact had made citizens have voters apathy and no trust in the democratic system in Nigeria.  This paper used the qualitative research method to analyse the United States 2020 election cases of electoral fraud in an advanced democracy and diagnosed Nigeria’s 2019 and the United States 2020 elections. First, the study looked at the issues and challenges that have affected elections in both countries. Second, the paper used Game theory and the Conspiracy theory to assess the impact of a more proximate determinant of Election Day fraud; it examines Nigeria’s strategic efforts to combat electoral fraud using card reader technology. Finally, the paper concluded that there is no basis for comparison regarding elections in Nigeria and United States despite the hitches observed by the world in the United States elections. Electoral fraud will be inevitable regardless of how democratic a country claims to be if certain democratic tenets are not in place.
A research on the Russian language in the history of Turkish people
Authors: Unal Kerami
Published: July 2022

In the article, information is given about when foreign language education started in Turkish people. The primary, secondary and high school curricula of the Russian language are researched in tables. It was determined when and where the Russian language was first systematically taught in Turks. The reasons for teaching were researched. The events of the Republican period were listed with dates and focused on the tendency to the Russian language both in the private sector and in government institutions. Information was given on the situation and development of the Russian language in higher education.
Roles of social media in empowering micro scale women entrepreneurs in Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Aishatu Mohammed , Salisu Isyaka Mohammed , Bappa-yaya Adama
Published: July 2022

Despite various efforts aimed at inclusive development both at the national and international levels, gender inequality is still prevalent in many developing countries especially in the field of entrepreneurship. This is particularly evident patriarchal societies such as north eastern Nigeria where women micro entrepreneurs face several socio-cultural and institutional challenges. The aim of this study was to assess the role social media plays in empowering micro scale women entrepreneurs in Gombe State Nigeria. A random sample of 92 women entrepreneurs operating in both old and new markets of Gombe metropolis were chosen for the study. A structured questionnaire was designed using to collect data from the respondents. The study found that social media is empowering women entrepreneurs in Gombe metropolis by increasing their social capital and self-efficacy. This study recommends that the government should further educate the women entrepreneurs especially micro scale entrepreneurs on the prospects of social media in enhancing business purposes, and hence their ability to contribute actively to community and national development whilst also training them on how to overcome  potential risks on social media platforms. The study further recommends that, the government should liaise with the telecommunication companies to provide a good quality internet connectivity to their customers in order to enhance business activities.
Kazakhstan’s multi-vector foreign policy and its implications for the energy sector
Authors: Ussenova Tumaris
Published: July 2022

This work reveals Kazakhstan's foreign policy strategies, successes, and failures, which are essential to the country's energy industry. Literature review shows that the multi-vector policy allows the government to receive investments from various countries to develop its industry and energy sector. However, a foreign policy problem can lead to fierce competition between the Great Powers and have consequences for the country's energy diversification.
The relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance: a case study of Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Karem Lanja Esmael , Osman Alla Barzan , Xwarahm Awen Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Intellectual capital is primarily based on knowledge and useful information. Intellectual capital plays a vital role in creating value through a combination of tangible and intangible assets to improve organizational performance. This study provides further insight into the role of IC in organizational performance, especially financial performance through a descriptive analysis of the questionnaire that have distributed among employees of Halabja Co. in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRG)/ Sulaimani city. Findings from this study indicate that the relationships between intellectual capital and financial performance is significant for achieving the company’s competitive advantages and maximizing profits. The findings suggest that the performance of a company’s intellectual capital can explain profitability and productivity.
Modeling of optimal parameters of 3D-printing
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Nefelov I. S. , Baurova N. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: July 2022

Algorithms of the program for determining the optimal parameters of 3D-printing are described. To confirm the effectiveness of the developed algorithms and mathematical model, the tensile strength of an ABS plastic part was calculated at the specified printing parameters. It is concluded that the use of the developed program will allow one to assign optimal printing parameters and obtain products with a given margin of safety.
Urban fragmentation and COVID-19 in the Gauteng City Region – diverging vulnerabilities, infections and policies
Authors: Haferburg Christoph , Ahovi Philipp , Oßenbrügge Jürgen
Published: July 2022

Urban spatial analyses of the COVID-19 pandemic try to relate the patterns of the spread of the virus to other factors, e.g. vulnerability, as supported by research on health risks of marginalized neighbourhoods. Focussing on the Gauteng City Region in South Africa, we assess whether there is a match between the effects of the pandemic, the strategies to combat the disease, and predicted vulnerabilities. While documented infection patterns are not indicating peripheral areas as most affected, disease control interventions can increase related inequalities. Reflections on South African government challenges provide the context for these concepts and strategies, suggesting that the spatial framing of health and vulnerabilities needs to be adapted.
Urban-rural disparities in travel during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case study of Serbia
Authors: Zeljković Marija
Published: July 2022

In the past two years, the spread of the COVID-19 has affected large parts of economic and social life globally, especially the tourism industry, due to the restrictions on mobility. The pandemic caused uneven regional consequences. In addition to the differences in the number of infected persons, the mortality rate, and the number of vaccinated between individual countries, disparities between rural and urban areas are particularly evident. Fundamental differences in transport infrastructure and mobility behavior between urban and rural populations suggest differences in risk perception and future travel behavior. However, urban-rural disparities in travel behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic have hardly been explored so far, and this study aims to help fill this gap. The aim of this paper is to investigate the changes and differences in travel risk perceptions and travel behavior of urban and rural residents under the influence of the pandemic. Analyses were conducted based on an online survey data collection in June 2021 among 399 urban and 260 rural residents of Serbia. The results showed differences in travel intentions, travel frequency, and destination choice between urban and rural residents, as well as a preference for domestic tourism and short-haul travel. This study can serve as a guideline for future research on the urban-rural dichotomy regarding travel during the COVID-19 pandemic and as a reference point for comparative studies on urban-rural differences and tourism in different countries and geographical regions.
الفهم القرائي وعلاقته بتنمية مهارتي الاستماع والتحدث عند طالبات الصف الرابع الاعدادي
Authors: هدى حامد مصطفى الخزرجي م.د.
Published: July 2022

هدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على الفهم القرائي وعلاقته بتنمية مهارتي الاستماع والتحدث عند طالبات الصف الرابع الاعدادي وتحدد البحث بطالبات الصف الرابع الاعدادي في المدارس الصباحية التابعة للمديرية العامة لتربية بغداد الرصافة الاولى البالغ عددهن (120) طالبة تم اختيارهن بالطريقة العشوائية ولتحقيق هدف البحث قامت الباحثة باعتماد اختبار (أبو حمره ،2015) والذي يتألف بصورته النهائية من (50) فقرة من نوع الاختيار من متعدد تحصل الطالبة على درجة واحدة لكلِّ إجابة صحيحة عن السؤال، وتنال درجة الصفر في حالة الإجابة الخاطئة. وبعد التأكد من صدقه وثباته طبق على عينة البحث وجمعت البيانات وتم معالجتها احصائيا وباستعمال الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة ،حيث اسفرت نتائج البحث عن وجود علاقة بدلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) للفهم القرائي بتنمية مهارتي الاستماع والتحدث عند طالبات العينة، وتبين ان الطالبات الاتي شملهن البحث الحالي اتسمن بمهارة تحدث تتجه نحو الوسط أو تزيد عنه بقليل، وهذا يدل على وجود علاقة ارتباطية قوية بين المتغيرات الثلاثة التي تناولها البحث الحالي وتم صياغة عدد من التوصيات والمقترحات منها تدريب الطلبة على مهارات التحدث والاستماع بما يتناسب مع قدراتهم العقلية، وتطوير اختبار لقياس الفنون اللغوية الاربعة ( الاستماع، والتحدُّث، والقراءة، والكتابة).
النثر المقفى كوسيلة لأيضاح العلاقات بين تيارات المجتمع اليهودي في أوربا القرن الثامن عشر.. كتاب "وثيقة النظم" ليهودا هوربيتس إنموذجا.
Authors: اسماء عبد الكريم عبد الرحمن ا.م.
Published: July 2022

انواع النثر المقفى والمقامة بأنواعها, والتي ازدهرت كتيار أدبي في فترة العصور الوسطى في أسبانيا وإيطاليا والتي تطورت بشكل زاخر أيضا في القرن الثامن عشر, وكذلك بالقرن التاسع عشر في إطار أدب الهسكالاه.
   نتاجات حاييم نحمان بياليق, شموئيل يوسف عجنون ويهودا بورلا تضمنت أيضا هذا النوع من الأدب.
   النثر المقفى صيغ في الفترة الحديثة بشكل جميل جدا, حيث التنوع بالنتاجات المكتوبة بهذه الطريقة, وأيضا العلاقة بين تنوع النتاجات المختلفة وبين التحديدات الثابتة والتركيز بالأهداف الفعلية للمقامات, مجسدا ومعززا جيدا بتقارير موضوعية عن محتوى وصور النتاجات نفسها والتي تبلورت في الأدب العبري في فترة العصور الوسطى.
   لقد تجلت تلك الصور بأحدى النتاجات المهمة والتي نشرت في القرن الثامن عشر. كتاب "وثيقة النظم" للأديب يهودا هوربيتس والمعروف بتاريخ الادب العبري كأحد من مبشري حركة التنوير المعتدلين في شرق أوربا ومركزها. هذا الكتاب يعرض لنا الجدل بين الحسيديين ومعارضيهم, بطريقة قصصية وبأسلوب لطيف.
   ولقد قدم هوربيتس بكتابه هذا أدق التفاصيل عن علاقة التيارات الدينية والروحية في المجتمع اليهودي في الحقبة الزمنية أعلاه, وبطريقة سهلة وممتعة للقارىء.
 
במחקר זה התענינתי בנושא כל כך חשוב שהוא: הפרוזה המחורזת בספרות העברית. הז'אנר הזה שהיה שייך למקאמה העברית שהופעה כז'אנר ספרותי בימי הביניים בספרד בהשפעתה של המקאמה הערבית, וביחוד במאה ה-י''ב, ב''מחברת'' של שלמה אבן צקבל שנקראה ''נאום אשר בן יהודה''. יהודה אלחריזי לרוב היה החלוץ בתחום זה, וביחוד בספרו ''תחכמוני''. ספרו של עמנואל הרומי ''מחברות'' כתוב בפרוזה מחורזת.
   בתקופת ההשכלה, הפרוזה המחורזת היתה שולטת בכמה מיצירותיהם של הסופרים היהודים, למשל: ארטר בספרו ''הצופה לבית ישראל''. ובתקופה החדשה היתה כמה יצירות שנכתבו בפרוזה המחורזת: ביאליק כתב ''אלוף בצלות ואלוף שם''.
    יהודה הורוויץ, הרופא והסופר היהודי יליד העיר וילנה שבליטא, ולמד רפואה בפדופה שבאיטליה, בבואו לברלין נתוודע למשה מנדלסון, שאף כתב לו דברי שבח ועידוד לספרו ''עמודי בית יהודה'', שפורסם באמשטרדם בשנת 1765. לימים שימש כרופא בעירו וילנה, משם עבר לעיר ז'אגור, ימים רבים ישב במיטוי, בירת קורלנד, ובסוף ימיו בעיר גרודנו שבליטא, שם אף נפטר בשנת 1797.
    ב''מגילת סדרים'' העביר הורוויץ רעיונותיו שמסתובבות על המאבק שבין החסידים לבין מתנגדיהם דרך הפרוזה המחורזת, שהיתה אמצע פשוט ונעים להצגת הרעיונות האלה לקורא, ולשכנע אותו.
المونولوج في النص الروائي العراقي الحدیث
Authors: عباس يداللهي فارساني ا. م. د , زينب صباح جاسم الباحثة
Published: July 2022

يعدّ الحوار إحدی العناصر السردية الأساسية التي يرتكز عليها الراوي في إبراز مجريات الأحداث، والكشف عن مستوى الوعي لدى الشخصيات في روايته. كما يعدّ إحدی التقنيات الجمالية التي تسهم في بلورة شعرية، وأدبية النص السردي على العموم، والنص الروائي على الخصوص. يمكن هنا أن نميز بين المستويين من الحوار؛ الحوار الديالوجي، والحوار المونولوجي. هذا الأخير الذي خصصناه كموضوع للدراسة في ورقة هذا البحث، حيث نقف عنده في نصّ "فضل الليل على النهار"، من خلال التطرق إلى مفهوم الحوار المونولوجي؛ كتقنية سردية ذات أهمية تواصلية بالغة، والدواعي المؤدية إلى توظيفه كاختيار دون سواه. كما نتطرق من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد صياغته ضمن المستويات اللغوية المختلفة، وإظهار تأثيرها في تموضع شخصيات النصّ. أخیرًا خلص البحث إلی أنَّ الراوي في الرواية أبان عن الغاية من توظیف المونولوج بوصفه واحدًا من الأسالیب التعبیرية ضمن النص الروائي المبدع، خاصة فیما یخصّ المونولوج المباشر الذي تجلّی من خلال استخدام الضمیر (أنا). یتضح لنا من خلال إمعان النظر في الرواية أنَّ الروائي خلق من المونولج المباشر وسیلة لإزاحة الستار عن شخصیاته الروائية، ورغباتها، ومیولها، واضطراباتها النفسية التي لم یتحدث عنها ضمن الرواية ولم یکشف عنها علانية. یدلّ هذا علی مدی انسجام الشخصیات الروائية مع الواقع المعیش، وما ینتابها من التصورات وتضارب المواقف عن الحیاة الیومية.