bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF BUILDING A COST MANAGEMENT MECHANISM AT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management Private Joint-Stock Company ", Poveshchenko Maksym ,   Higher education institution ",   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management"
Published: February 2024

With the development of digitalization in Ukraine, which has led to an increase in opportunities for foreign economic activity, interest in cost management as one of the factors of competitiveness of products and services has increased significantly. Cost management in competitive business conditions is one of the main components of managing the activities of enterprises, which allows to achieve effective functioning and has the ability to influence the vital activities of the enterprise. That is, costs are the main limiter of profit and, at the same time, the main factor of efficiency, the level of which is affected by the volume of supply and management decisions of the management of the enterprise in the economic system. In these languages, it is impossible to do without cost management and planning of their value for the future. The article examines the organizational and economic aspects of the household cost management mechanism, which begins with the cost management strategy at the enterprise. The strategy begins with the composition and structure of costs by operations and by functional divisions, then the carriers of costs and the method of distribution of costs, their accounting, analysis by divisions, types of activities and types of products (services) are determined. The next step is the selection of the cost calculation method and the organization of the accounting system, which takes into account: information support, technical support, personnel training, separation of rights and responsibilities, interaction of departments. Consolidation of responsibility: type of expenses, volume, type and size of responsibility, motivation. Then we conduct a cost analysis and, based on the results, leave the cost management system unchanged or take measures to reduce costs. After the measures, the result is evaluated. Cost measurement and analysis is the first step in a cost management system. This is a holistic analytical procedure that includes a set of interdependent stages and is the main element of the cost management mechanism. Also, the article describes two main approaches to the analysis and subsequent management decisions regarding cost optimization: analysis of the cost structure and reduction of critical types of costs and analysis of comparative indicators.
ДОБІР СУБСТРАТІВ ТА МІКРОБІОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ ДЛЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ВИРОЩУВАННЯ КАСЕТНОЇ РОЗСАДИ ЦИБУЛІ ПОРЕЙ В УМОВАХ ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Слободяник Галина Яківна , Тернавський Андрій Григорович
Published: February 2024

Внаслідок тривалого вегетаційного періоду цибулю порей в умовах Лісостепу України вирощують переважно розсадним способом. Врожайність цибулевих овочевих рослин буде вищою за касетного способу вирощування розсади. Перевагою касетної розсади є можливість механізованого висаджування розсадосадильними машинами. Для вирощування розсади овочевих рослин пропонуються субстрати різного складу, якості і вартості. Популярними в овочівництві, екологічно-безпечними та доступними за ціною є низка фізіологічно-активних препаратів різного механізму дії. Технологія вирощування касетної розсади цибулі порей потребує удосконалення щодо добору субстрату для малоємкісних чарунок та оптимізації умов живлення молодих рослин в обмеженому кореневмісному об’ємі. У статті наведено порівняльну характеристику впливу таких субстратів, як універсальний Щедра земля і торф’яний Klasmann TS1 (фактор А) на якість касетної розсади цибулі порей. Оцінювали також ефективність доповнення субстратів мікробіологічними препаратами Азотофіт (5 г/кг) і Мікофренд (5 г/кг) (фактор В). У польовому досліді визначено врожайність цибулі порей залежно від технології вирощування розсади. Поліпшення субстрату для наповнення касет мікробіологічними добавками Азотофіт і Мікофренд прискорює формування сходів цибулі порей на 2–3 доби. На підставі проведених досліджень встановлено, що вид субстрату і мікробіологічні препарати достовірно впливали на розвиток кореневої системи розсади, частка якої становила 29–35 % від загальної маси рослини. Найбільшу листкову поверхню (11,32 см2/рослину) та загальну масу (1,73 г/рослину) одержано за вирощування касетної розсади на торф’яному субстраті Klasmann TS1 з внесенням Азотофіт + Мікофренд. Але вид субстрату (фактор А) та взаємодія факторів А×В не мали достовірного впливу на такі показники, як сира маса сходів на 10‑ту добу, кількість листків, площу листкової поверхні розсади на період висаджування і товарну масу цибулі порей. Достовірно та істотно впливали на врожайність цибулі порей мікробіологічні добавки. Використання Мікофренду виявилося менш ефективним, порівняно до внесення у субстрат Азотофіту. У середньому за два роки варіювання рівня врожайності цибулі порей було незначним, коефіцієнт варіювання – 4 %. У підсумку, найвищу врожайність було одержано після сумісного застосування Азотофіт + Мікофренд – 38,3 т/га на субстраті Klasmann TS1 та 37,6 т/га на субстраті Щедра земля.
ГРАФІЧНА ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНОЇ МЕДІАЦІЇ СУБ’ЄКТИВНОГО ВПОРЯДКУВАННЯ ЧАСУ. НА ПРИКЛАДІ КЛІНІЧНОГО ВИПАДКУ З ПАЦІЄНТОМ ПСИХОТИЧНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ
Authors: Христенко Олег
Published: February 2024

У статті автор, спираючись на сучасних постлаканіанських психоаналітиків, розкриває етичні основи роботи з психозами, які лежать в основі клінічної практики. Автор підкреслює, що, як і в часи Лакана, сьогодні психоаналітик у роботі з психотропними субʼєктами повинен займати місце секретаря, але це не місце безініціативного консультанта, це місце також допускає певну активність у вигляді різного роду уточнень і прояснень. У рамках такого підходу автор, наводячи ілюстрацію з власної практики, пропонує використання модифікованої графічної інтерпретації для аналітичних процедур з деякими психотичними суб’єктами, яка початково була розроблена Хуаном-Давидом Назіо для роботи з аналізантами, які страждають невротичною депресією. Графічна інтерпретація, на думку автора, може бути засобом, який дає змогу, займаючи підкреслено неекспертну позицію, повернути відчуття часу, агентності та надію деяким пацієнтам. Цей засіб терапевтичної медіації полягає в малюванні лінії та позначення на ній подій життя в процесі сесії, поступове збагачення лінії новими подіями, а також їх емоційним наповненням, аналізант має змогу продовжити працювати з графічною інтерпретацією вдома. Цей засіб дає змогу встановити зв’язок зі спеціалістом, реінвестувати власне життя та відчути себе суб‘єктом власної біографії, а не її об’єктом. Модифікація засобу графічної інтерпретації для роботи із суб‘єктом психотичної структури полягає в меншій активності щодо наповнення сеансами намальованого, але в активній позиції в діалозі з аналізантом. Для роботи з психотичним суб’єктом також важливо не стільки шукати повторення, скільки просте формування наративу про себе та своє життя. Інша авторська модифікації, яка може застосовуватися не тільки для роботи з психотичними суб’єктами, полягає в пропозиції продовжити лінію в майбутнє, що, на думку автора, може стимулювати формування надії та слугувати додатковим інструментом для відчуття агентності. Це відчуття повʼязане зі структуруванням часу, з екрануванням того, що неможна символізувати – реальним регістром часу, за допомогою уявного часу – у вигляді певного розділу на етапи та події становлення власного Я; та символічного часу – у вигляді самого часосприйняття та розділу його на минуле, теперішнє та майбутнє. Побічний ефект такого впорядкування часу є те, що Грін називав субʼєкталізацією, тобто прийняття своєї історії, вибудовування своєї біографії та прийняття своїх відчуттів.
La política macroeconómica, 1988-2000
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Jaén Jiménez Bernardo
Published: February 2024

El análisis sobre las· ciudades se enfoca, principalmente, en la concentración de la población y las actividades económicas; sin embargo, durante las últimas décadas se observa una problemática cada vez más compleja y no es suficiente sólo analizar la concentración, aunque se mantenga ese proceso, sino también la nueva forma de urbanización que se está gestando, cuyos efectos presentan características completamente diferentes a las existentes durante la etapa de industrialización. Las aglomeraciones urbanas se han visto comúnmente como un polo de desarrollo en el cual se concentra la mano de obra, la infraestructura y el control del poder económico y político de una región o país. Sin embargo, esta tendencia se va modificando mediante la inserción de elementos que presentan diversas funciones como centros políticos, de negocios, arte y cultura, entre otros (Hall, 1998). Estos roles son cada vez más importantes, lo cual supone que la ciudad está entrando en una nueva etapa en la que seguirá manteniendo su hegemonía como el pivote de la economía mundial. Este cambio de funciones se vincula amplia- mente con las nuevas formas de relaciones comerciales, económicas y de producción que se iniciaron a principios de la década de 1970 y que todavía están en proceso de adaptación para algunas regiones y países. A todo esto se le ha denominado "globalización".
Research Progression in the Mechanism of Bone Metastasis and Bone-Targeted Drugs in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ahmad Sajjad
Published: February 2024

Prostate cancer is a particularly slow growing cancer, the early stage of the disease is not easy to detect, the some major clinical manifestations include low back pain, urgent and frequent urination, urinary pain, and other urethral symptoms. These symptoms are often experienced after surgical resection or drug castration treatment. Early-stage, prostate cancer is curable, and with disease progression many clinical symptoms become worse with high probability of metastasis. Bone is the most common site of advanced metastasis of prostate cancer. Bone metastasis is a continuous and complex pathological process regulated by tumor cells and bone microenvironment, in which epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, homing and dormancy, reactivation, and proliferation of tumor cells are closely related to its occurrence and development. Several cytokines such as Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANK-L) is overexpressed in bone microenvironment and prostate cancer. RANKL, chemokine family, and integrins are involved in bone metastasis of prostate cancer through complex interaction mechanisms. A variety of bone-targeting drugs such as bisphosphonates, RANKL inhibitors (denosumab) and radiotherapy drugs (radium-223, strontium-89, samarium-153), tyrosine kinase inhibitors, integrin-targeted drugs, etc. are approved for the prevention and treatment of skeletal related events caused by bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients. In this review, the biological mechanism of bone metastasis in prostate cancer and the research progress of bone-targeting drugs are reviewed.
Penyakit pada Tanaman Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris) beserta Teknik Pengendaliannya di CV. Reja Mayur
Authors: Aisah Frida Nur , Wuryandari Yenny
Published: February 2024

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are widely cultivated by farmers in several regions in Indonesia, one of which is in CV. Reja Mayur Pacet, Mojokerto. Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a type of legume that is usually used as a cooking ingredient.Obstacles that are often experienced in the cultivation process cause the quantity and quality of production to decrease, namely the attack of disease-causing pathogens on plants. The study was conducted in November-December 2022. The research used observation methods, literature studies, active participation, and interviews. The data collected are the type of disease in chickpea plants, symptoms of the disease, and the technique of controlling the disease. The results of the study found that there are 3 types of diseases that attack chickpea plants in CV. Reja Mayur, namely leaf rust, anthracnose, and mosaic. Some of the control techniques applied are the use of PGPR, crop rotation, mechanical control, and the use of vegetable pesticides.
Analisis Pemasaran dan Strategi Pemasaran Kompetitif di UMKM Asmaraloka, Surabaya
Authors: Fitriana Nisa Hafi Idhoh , Setiawan Risqi Firdaus
Published: February 2024

The main objective of this journal is to gain an understanding of how Asmaraloka MSMEs utilize marketing channels and margins as well as competitive marketing strategies to develop their business. The research method used is primary and secondary research methods. The results ofthe study show that the marketing channel for coffee products is included in the second level marketing channel which includes producers who refer to coffee farmers, suppliers and consumers. Asmaraloka is one of the marketing agencies that acts as a supplier that distributes coffee products from producers to consumers and is a marketing agency that has the largest margin share, amounting to IDR 718,000.00. Asmaraloka's marketing strategy is to build close relationships with large communities in the Surabaya area to expand their market share.
Analisis Kelayakan dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Usahatani Padi di Desa Ngasin Kecamatan Balongpanggang Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Widodo Pramudya Wisnu , Dianto Andri Krisna
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted deliberately to determine the feasibility and factors that influence rice farming, especially in Ngasin Village, Balongpanggang District, Gresik Regency, which is a rice-producing village that has the largest rice planting area (rice fields) in Balongpanggang District, Gresik Regency, East Java Province. and To find out the factors that affect rice farming in the region. This study used a quantitative approach with a population and research sample using 60 respondents from farming residents in Ngasin Village, Balongpanggang District, Gresik Regency. The data analysis method in this study uses Regression Ordinary Least Square (OLS) with SPSS Software. SPSS software is one of the Regression completion procedures that has a high degree of flexibility in research that links theory and data that can be carried out on variables in research. The results of the analysis show that partially the variables of land, seed, fertilizer, labour, business experience have an effect on agricultural output and simultaneously all variables have an effect on agricultural output. The fertilizer factor has the most significant effect with a value of 0.001 <0.05. Analysis of the R/C ratio obtained a result of 4.72 based on the eligibility criteria for rice farming with an R/C calculation > 1, so rice farming in the study area was said to be feasible and profitable.
Pengaruh Kredit Pertanian Terhadap Kesejahteraan Petani di Indonesia
Authors: Rozci Fatchur , Laily Dona Wahyuning
Published: February 2024

Agriculture is an important sector in a country's economy because it makes a major contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Indonesia. According to data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for 2021 the agricultural sector contributed 13.70% to GDP. Farmers in Indonesia are mostly located in rural areas and have less access, so the government must provide support such as providing capital by making agricultural credit policies to support the sustainability of agricultural businesses and improve the welfare of farmers. The agricultural credit policy is one of the government's efforts to facilitate farmers' access to capital to develop their agricultural businesses. This research 'The Influence of Agricultural Credit on the Welfare of Farmers in Indonesia' uses a literature review approach by collecting data or sources related to a particular topic from various sources, such as journals, books, the internet and other library sources. The results of this summary, analysis, and synthesis are then written descriptively in the form of scientific articles. The Influence of Agricultural Credit on Farmer Welfare in Indonesia aims to determine agricultural credit policies, farmer welfare, the application of agricultural credit and the influence of agricultural credit.
Analisis Kelayakan Usahatani Kunyit Petani Desa Petiken yang Tergabung Dalam Kelompok Tani BPP Driyorejo Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Harya Gyska Indah , Wahyuningrum Widya
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the turmeric farming of the BPP Driyorejo farmer group. The stages of this research began with identifying problems with the aim of collecting data and observing and then proceeding with analyzing production costs which then carried out acceptance calculations, R/C ratio analysis and BEP analysis to determine the feasibility of farming in the BPP Driyorejo farmer group. The R/C ratio test obtained a result of 2.6 > 1 so that the farming was said to be feasible, the revenue BEP was 656,598.227 with a total revenue of 7,368,103, of which 7,368,103 > 656,598.227 so that the turmeric farming made a profit. The production BEP calculation is 0.187128 kg where the total production of turmeric is 2105 kg > 0.187128 kg so that this turmeric farming is profitable and feasible to develop. Calculation of the price BEP is IDR 1,341, where the price of turmeric is 3,500 > 1,341 so that the turmeric farming is profitable and feasible to develop.
ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS WHO IMPROVE THEIR QUALIFICATIONS IN THE FIELD OF SANITARY PARASITOLOGY
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Aslanova M.M. , Rakova V.M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Gololobova T.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Gappoeva V.S. ,   FSBI “North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov”, Vladikavkaz, Zagainova A.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Androsov A.A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Rakitina D.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Nemtseva Yu.S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Rudneva O.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Shegurova A.F. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow
Published: February 2024

The presented scientific and analytical material presents the experience of training specialists who improve their qualifications in the field of sanitary parasitology for the subsequent application of the knowledge gained in practice in ensuring the epidemiological well-being of the state and the effective assessment of parasitic pollution of environmental objects.
Characteristics of Safety Personality
Authors: Vasvári Fanni , Juhász Márta
Published: February 2024

For high-risk organisations, it is essential that employees demonstrate safety-awareness behaviour, as a reflection of their safety personality, to avoid accidents. Several studies confirm that personality is the individual difference that is most associated with the likelihood of an accident occurring; it is therefore necessary to address the identification and expression of the characteristics of safety personality. This paper aims to present a personality questionnaire the authors have created, which was administered to employees of a large Hungarian company in the electricity supply business with altogether 1273 employees obligated to prioritise workplace safety. The final version of the questionnaire contained 59 items. Based on the statistical results, 58.08% of the variance of total variables was explained by 10 factors; the scales of the questionnaire developed are otherwise reliable. The paper also examines the validation of the scales using different psychological measures.
دراسة تحليلية بايوكينماتيكية ثلاثية الابعاد للسرعة الخطية القصوى المحصلة لأجزاء الجسم ومركز ثقله والمضرب والكرة عند أداء الضربة الخلفية (المستقيمة – القطرية) بالتنس
Authors: Prof. Dr. Hussein Mardan Omer  , Ass. L. Dhaha Tareq Shawkat
Published: February 2024

تتميز الضربة الخلفية في التنس بصعوبتها وبسببها تقل استخدامها وهي من المهارات الدفاعية والهجومية على حد سواء وتؤدى بنوعين هما المستقيم والقطري .
ان عدم وجود دراسات تحليلية ثلاثية الأبعاد ببرامج حديثه واكثر دقه لشمول كافة المتغيرات الخاصة بهذه الضربة أدت بنا على القيام بدراسة تستخدم التحليل الثلاثي الابعاد ببرنامج (APAS) العالمي كون التحليل بهذا البرنامج يكون أكثر صدقا و بشكل مقارب للحقيقة وتدرس الحركة في فضائها الحقيقي مما تساعد المدربين في تقنين أعمالهم ، هذا وان الابعاد الثلاثة تحدد جميع مسارات أجزاء الجسم او الكرة في الفضاء من حيث الاقتراب والارتفاع والابتعاد ويعطي المتغيرات قيمتها بشكل أكثر دقة ، وشملت أهداف الدراسة التعرف على السرعة الخطية المحصلة القصوى عند أداء الضربة الخلفية (المستقيمة - القطرية) في لعبة التنس والمقارنة بين النوعين ، واشتملت العينة على لاعبين اثنين من نادي الكوفة في محافظة النجف الاشرف وهما يمثلان المنتخب الوطني العراقي وتم اختيارهما بالطريقة العمدية وذلك لغرض تحقيق أهداف الدراسة ، واجري الاختبار والتصوير في ملعب التنس في كلية التربية الرياضية في الجامعة التقنية في محافظة النجف الاشرف ، توصلنا الى ان القدم اليسار هي القدم المتأخرة ويلاحظ ان السرعة التي بذلتها في النوع القطري كانت اكبر وذلك لان اللاعب يوجه الكرة بشكل يخالف اتجاهها الحقيقي مما يتطلب الدفع بهذه القدم بشكل اكبر، كذلك فان الورك اليمين هو الورك الذي سيدور عليه الجسم في النوع القطري لان القدم اليمين هي قدم الارتكاز، والسرعة اللحظية كانت اكبر في الضربة الخلفية القطرية وذلك لإيصال الكرة الى منطقة ابعد من منطقة دقة الضربة الخلفية المستقيمة
Bloqueo Nodal Sinoauricular: caso clínico
Authors: Bustamante Buenaño Mariana de Jesús , Mendoza Rivas Rodrigo José , Yunga Corte Aida Marlene
Published: February 2024

Introducción. Bloqueo Nodal Sinoauricular comprende una variedad de condiciones que involucran la disfunción del nódulo sinusal, se presenta la incapacidad del nódulo sinoauricular para producir una frecuencia cardíaca adecuada que satisfaga las necesidades fisiológicas del individuo. Objetivo. determinar el manejo de Bloqueo Nodal Sinoauricular para presentar aspectos nuevos e instructivos de la enfermedad en un caso clínico. Metodología. Análisis de caso clínico tipo descriptivo retrospectivo, para la recolección de información se realizó una revisión de historia clínica; para la descripción de la enfermedad se realizó una recopilación de información en bases de datos reconocidas como: Scopus, Pubmed, web of Science, Lilacs. Resultados. En el caso clínico expuesto se presenta a un paciente de 56 años de edad, sexo masculino Ritmo sinusal / F.C. 77 1 pm / PR 180 ms/ QRS 90 ms/ QT 360 ms I EJe del QRS -60° Trazo: Trastorno nodal sinoatrial, con diagnósticos: Cardiopatía hipertensiva no dilatada con función sistólica a estimar e hipertensión arterial no controlado Estadio II. Conclusión. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad del nodo sinoatrial puede ser complicado debido a su curso lento y errático, se deben correlacionar los datos de la historia clínica con hallazgos encontrados en el electrocardiograma de 12 derivaciones y monitoreo Holter de 24 horas. El diagnóstico y tratamiento de la disfunción sinoauricular, es un problema común en la práctica; está constituida por diversos trastornos del ritmo que pueden llevar a eventos cardiovasculares mayores. Área de estudio general: medicina. Área de estudio específica: cardiología. Tipo de estudio: Casos clínicos.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Uzman Öğretmenlik ve Başöğretmenlik Unvanlarına ve Sınavlarına İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: UYGUN Kamil , KARABULUT Şifa
Published: February 2024

İnsanlar saygınlık kazanabilmek, maaşlarında artış yaşayabilmek gibi bazı nedenlerden dolayı mesleklerinde yükselmek istemektedir ve bu da kariyer basamaklarını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Birçok meslekte olduğu gibi öğretmenlik mesleğinde de kariyer basamakları mevcuttur. Öğretmenler kariyerlerinde yükselmek için bazı sınavlara tabii olmaktadır. Bu araştırmada sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin uzman öğretmenlik ve başöğretmenlik unvanlarına ve sınavlarına ilişkin görüşlerini almak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır ve bu doğrultuda çalışma grubunu oluşturan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerine yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat formunda yer alan açık uçlu sorular yöneltilerek görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analizine tabii tutulmuştur. Araştırmada ulaşılan bulgular dahilinde uzman ve başöğretmenlik sınavları sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerin çoğunluğu tarafından gereksiz görüldüğü, unvanların verilmesinin amacı kariyer basamakları oluşturma amacıyla veya maaşlarda artış yapma gerekçesi ile böyle bir uygulamanın yapıldığı ve avantajının en çok maaş artışı olduğu gibi sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Kariyer basamaklarında kıdem yılının, akademik başarının dikkate alınması gibi de bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
Aile Danışmanlığının Aile İçi Sorunlar Özelinde İnşası ve Sürdürülebilirliği Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: YILDIRIM Sait
Published: February 2024

Aile, çiftlerin bir araya gelerek birbirlerinin ve toplumun ihtiyaçlarını karşıladığı maddi, manevi ve sosyal temelleri bulunan bir kurumdur. Bu kurumun sağlıklı bir şekilde sürdürülmesi için belli ölçüde şartlar ve çabalar gerekmektedir. Aile, evlilik öncesi, sonrası, çocuk yetiştirme süreci başta olmak üzere birçok aşama ile oluştuğu için bu süreçlerde birçok sorun yaşanmakta ve bu sorunların çözümlenmesinde çiftler kimi zaman yeterli olamamaktadır. Bu durumda geçmişten günümüze kadar, aracı, hakem, danışman gibi farklı isimlerle anılsa da üçüncü bir bakış ve müdahaleye ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Günümüzde bu ihtiyacı karşılayan sisteme aile danışmanlığı ismi verilmektedir. Bu çalışmada aile danışmanlığının aile içi sorunlara müdahale süreci ve aile yapılarında görülen temel sorunların ele alınması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, kuramsal olarak aile danışmanlığında kullanılan tekniklere değinilmiştir. Kuramsal pratikler, aile danışmanlığı alanında kullanılan çeşitli kuramların temellerini ve nasıl uygulandıklarını anlamak için kapsamlı bir kaynak sunmaktadır. Özellikle, aile dinamiklerini anlamak ve çözümlemek için kullanılan yöntemler, terapistlerin ve danışanların problemleri nasıl ele aldıkları ve çözüm yolları aradıkları konusunda bilgi vermektedir. Aynı zamanda aileye dair sosyal problemlerin kapsamı ele alınmıştır. Değerlendirme kısmında aile danışmanlığının problemleri çözme konusundaki katkısı değerlendirilmiştir. Bu süreçte, evlenme süreci, boşanma, sağlıklı iletişim ve aile yönetimi konusunda değerlendirmelere yer verilmiştir. Danışmanlık sürecinde ise aile içi ilişkiler, iletişim sorunları, bireysel ve grup terapisi uygulamaları gibi konular yer almaktadır. Aile danışmanı, ailelerin karşılaştığı çatışma, iletişim sorunları, rol anlaşmazlıkları gibi problemleri çözmeye odaklanır. Aile Danışmanlığı, bireylerin ve ailelerin daha sağlıklı ilişkiler kurmasına, çatışmaları etkili bir şekilde yönetmesine ve bireysel potansiyellerini maksimize etmesine yardımcı olmayı amaçlar. Mevcut probleme yönelik benimsenen her bir yaklaşım, aile yapısını, bireyler arası ilişkileri ve aile içi işlevselliği destekleyici özel teknikler ve müdahaleler sunar.
Elaboración y evaluación de un filtro purificador de agua casero con carbón activado previamente preparado y su reproducción por estudiantes avanzados del nivel secundario
Authors: Décima Santiago
Published: February 2024

Se preparó un filtro purificador de agua casero con materiales simples y con carbón activado, basado en carbón vegetal de quebracho blanco, obtenido mediante activación química con jugo de limón y agua. El mismo mostró eficiencia en cuanto a la filtración de agua contaminada con tierra, semillas, hojas, etc. También se hizo partícipe a estudiantes del nivel secundario en la reproducción del mismo diseño, alcanzando características semejantes en cuanto a la filtración de agua contaminada. Se destaca su interés, preocupación, responsabilidad y dedicación en la resolución de la problemática de contaminación en aguas a través del conocimiento científico y la producción tecnológica con materiales locales y de bajo costo. Se evaluó la capacidad adsortiva del carbón activado en la adsorción de 4,00 g de café sin azúcar, adsorbato, variando la cantidad de carbón, adsorbente. Se obtuvo una relación de proporción directa entre la cantidad adsorbida de café y la empleada de carbón activado a temperatura ambiente y se apreció una escala colorimétrica con la disminución en la tonalidad oscura del café. Finalmente, se obtuvieron algunas propiedades fisicoquímicas del carbón activado; las cuales son, una densidad de 0,30 g⁄cm3 , un calor específico de 0,308 cal⁄g°C y concentraciones de humedad (5,67 %), volátiles (26,87 %), cenizas (4,62 %) y carbono fijo (62,84 %).
Leadership Skills in Startups: A Quantitative Study on the Requirement Profile
Authors: Sandberg Berit
Published: February 2024

Startups are young companies designed to grow quickly. In a highly competitive environment, leadership is a prerequisite for startup survival and an investment criterion for venture capitalists. Although entrepreneurial leadership is considered to be distinct, there is little empirical evidence on the leadership requirements faced by founders and Chief Executive Officers in startups. Against this background, an online survey was conducted on the relevance of leadership tasks and skills. 188 leaders in German startups reported on their understanding of leadership and rated 18 skills on the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) scales. The data show that startup leaders prioritize vision, strategy, and decision making over human resources and team development. The need for strategic, interpersonal, and cognitive skills is consistently perceived as high. Requirements for business skills are moderate and vary widely. The results contribute to a leadership skills model for entrepreneurs and provide implications for entrepreneurship education and training.
Serat Kasar Kulit Buah dan Kapuk Randu (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn) Dari Malang dan Pasuruan
Authors: Anggraeni Agintha Silvya , Syauqi Ahmad , Ramadhan Majida
Published: February 2024

In kapok, especially in fruit organs, there are kapok fibers which have cellulose content of about 65-67% in it, and lignin which reaches 14-58%. The high potential of fiber in kapok fruit can be used as raw material for sugar hydrolysate products. Crude fiber consists of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. This study aims to determine the difference in crude fiber content of kapok fruit (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn) from Malang and Pasuruan. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with the design of the analysis of the difference between the two population means. Consists of two samples of kapok fiber peel, the first from Malang (A) with 9 replications and the second from Pasuruan (B) with 9 replications. Fiber analysis using the modified Wendee method. Data analysis is used, namely t-test. In sample A the average crude fiber contained minerals is 61.1%, while in sample B the average is 63.9%. Based on the analysis and t test, the two samples were not significantly different as shown at P> 0.05.
Keyword : Crude fiber, Ceiba pentandra Gaertn, proximate analysis, Wendee method.
 
ABSTRAK
Pada kapuk, khususnya pada organ buah terdapat serat kapuk yang memiliki kandungan selulosa sekitar 65-67 % didalamnya, serta lignin yang mencapai 14-58%. Potensi serat pada buah kapuk yang tinggi dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan baku produk hidrolisat gula. Serat kasar terdiriÂ  dari  selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan serat kasar buah kapuk randu (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn) dari Malang dan Pasuruan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rancangan analisis perbedaan dua rerata dua populasi. Terdiri dari dua sampel kulit buah serat kaspuk, yang pertama dari Malang (A) dengan 9 kali ulangan dan yang kedua dari Pasuruan (B) dengan 9 kali ulangan. Analisis serat menggunakan metode modifikasi Wendee. Analisis data yaitu digunakan yaitu Uji-t. Pada sampel A rata-rata serat kasar yang terkandung mineral yaitu 61,1%, sedangkan pada sampel B rata-rata 63,9%. Berdasarkan analisis dan uji t, dua sampel tidak berbeda nyata ditunjukan pada P>0,05.
Kata kunci : Serat kasar, Ceiba pentandra Gaertn, analisis proksimat, metode Wendee.
Pengaruh Pelayanan Jasa Keagenan Kapal Terhadap Kuantitas Kedatangan Kapal Pada PT. Sumber Wahana Maritim
Authors: Sumarwanto Sumarwanto , Pratama Zonna Rizky , Rustina Evada , Sri Sayekti Lestari , Vita Agustina
Published: February 2024

Tingginya tingkat persaingan antara perusahaan keagenan kapal menjadikan sebagai salah satu acuan bagi setiap perusahaan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan jasa yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pelayanan jasa keagenan pada kapal muatan curah cair terhadap kuantitas kedatangan kapal pada PT. Sumber Wahana Maritim di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan jasa keagenan pada kapal muatan curat cair berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kuantitas kedatangan kapal pada PT. Sumber Wahana Maritim di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang. Pada saat terjadi kenaikan nilai pada Pelayanan Jasa Keagenan Kapal sebesar 1 angka, akan menyebabkan kenaikan nilai sebesar 0,209 pada Kuantitas Kedatangan Kapal. Begitupun yang terjadi saat ada penurunan nilai 1 angka pada Pelayanan Jasa Keagenan Kapal, akan menurunkan nilai sebesar 0,209 pada Kuantitas Kedatangan Kapal. Pelayanan jasa keagenan memiliki kekuatan dalam memengaruhi kuantitas kedatangan kapal sebesar 99,7%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 0,3% merupakan pengaruh dari variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian.
Biomimetic design of building facades: an evolutionary-based computational approach inspired by elephant skin for cooling in hot and humid climates
Authors: Hays Nathan , Badarnah Lidia , Jain Anuj
Published: February 2024

The built environment faces significant challenges in managing energy demands amidst rising temperatures and increasing concerns linked to climate change. Meeting carbon emissions targets and resource management goals necessitates urgent innovation in more energy-efficient cooling solutions. Nature offers a large database of adaptive and efficient thermal solutions that can be harnessed through biomimetic methods in building design and systems. Emerging biomimetic and computational approaches hold promise in facilitating practical application efforts. This paper investigates the translation of morphological features from elephant skin to building facades, optimizing their inherent cooling capabilities through computational design using evolutionary algorithms. Through this exploration, we propose a set of generalized evolutionary principles, offering a foundational framework for the development of textured facade tiles with the aim of mitigating heat gain from solar radiation. This study provides an in-depth analysis of how assembly, texture depth, and orientation impact thermal performance, enabling the design of more effective passive cooling systems through an understanding of the relationship between morphological variations in textured surfaces and environmental performance. Future research may involve studying natural convection dynamics, optimizing capillary networks, evaluating materials for water adhesion and cleaning, assessing impacts on biological growth, and exploring biodiversity integration within textured facade panels.
Global trends in burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to physical inactivity across 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019
Authors: Yang Xinyue , Sun Jiayi , Zhang Wenjuan
Published: February 2024

Background

To promote a comprehensive understanding of global trends and burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to physical inactivity.

Methods

We utilized data regarding mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), as well as age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and DALYs rates (ASDR) derived from the global burden of disease study 2019 to evaluate the impact of physical inactivity on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in 204 countries and territories over the period from 1990 to 2019. This method facilitated the analysis of the diabetes burden across different ages, genders, and regions. To determine the long-term progression of type 2 diabetes prevalence, we computed the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in burden rates.

Results

Globally, the number of deaths and DALYs from type 2 diabetes due to physical inactivity more than doubled between 1990 and 2019. Concurrently, there was an increase in the ASMR and ASDR, with EAPC of 0.26 (95% CI: 0.13-0.39) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.78-0.89), respectively. As of 2019, the global ASMR and ASDR for physical inactivity stood at 1.6 (95% UI: 0.8-2.7) per 100 000 and 55.9 (95% UI: 27.2-97.6) per 100 000, respectively. Notable disparities were observed in the type 2 diabetes burden associated with physical inactivity worldwide, with higher sociodemographic index (SDI) countries experiencing lower ASDR and ASMR compared to lower SDI countries. Initially, females exhibited higher ASMR and ASDR than males, but this gender disparity in ASMR and ASDR has lessened in recent years. The mortality and DALYs rates associated with physical inactivity exhibit an inverted V-shaped pattern across various age groups, predominantly affecting the elderly population.

Conclusion

Between 1990 and 2019, there was a marked rise in the worldwide burden of type 2 diabetes associated with physical inactivity, underscoring the role of physical inactivity as a key changeable risk factor in the global landscape of this disease. This necessitates additional research to explore the variables contributing to the varying levels of disease burden across different countries and between sexes. Furthermore, it calls for the formulation of public health policies aimed at guiding prevention tactics, promoting early detection, and enhancing the management of type 2 diabetes.
Advances in the role and mechanism of fibroblasts in fracture healing
Authors: Wang Hui , Qi Li-li , Shema Clement , Jiang Kui-ying , Ren Ping , Wang He , Wang Lei
Published: February 2024

With the development of social population ageing, bone fracture has become a global public health problem due to its high morbidity, disability and mortality. Fracture healing is a complex phenomenon involving the coordinated participation of immigration, differentiation and proliferation of inflammatory cells, angioblasts, fibroblasts, chondroblasts and osteoblasts which synthesize and release bioactive substances of extracellular matrix components, Mortality caused by age-related bone fractures or osteoporosis is steadily increasing worldwide as the population ages. Fibroblasts play an important role in the process of fracture healing. However, it is not clear how the growth factors and extracellular matrix stiffness of the bone-regeneration microenvironment affects the function of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in healing process. Therefore, this article focuses on the role of fibroblasts in the process of fracture healing and mechanisms of research progress.
Interactive effects of bismuth exposure (water and diet) and temperature on snail fatty acid composition, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation
Authors: Fadhlaoui Mariem , Pearce Nolan J. T. , Lavoie Isabelle , Fortin Claude
Published: February 2024

Despite the growing prevalence of Bismuth (Bi), very little research has been carried to assess its potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms. This study aimed to address this gap by investigating the interactive effects of Bi exposure and elevated temperature on freshwater snails of the genus Lymnaea, specifically on their fatty acid (FA) profiles, oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST)) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA) content). Bismuth exposure was introduced through two distinct routes: i) food via Bi-exposed biofilm (grown under 2 μM Bi), and ii) water (2 μM Bi). Exposed snails were maintained at two temperatures, 19°C and 25°C, over a duration of 14 days. Bismuth bioaccumulation occurred in Bi-exposed biofilm concurrently with a pronounced increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), likely as a protective mechanism to preserve cell structure and integrity. Bismuth bioaccumulation also occurred in snails with their FA composition largely reflecting the composition of their dietary source highlighting the direct link between diet and snail FA profiles. Additionally, the antioxidant enzymes studied exhibited diverse responses under Bi exposure and thermal stress, suggesting the induction of oxidative stress in snails. SOD activity increased at 25°C, suggesting a thermal stress. CAT activity remained high under all conditions, unaffected by temperature or Bi exposure. GPx levels increased in snails fed with Bi-laden biofilm, particularly at 19°C. GST activity showed great variability with a significant three-way interaction. The observed elevation in MDA levels among Bi-exposed snails suggested a potential deficiency in their antioxidant enzyme systems, leading to an increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. This research highlights the complex interaction between Bi contamination, temperature, and the physiological responses of aquatic organisms, and reveals the need for future research into the environmental impact of Bi in aquatic ecosystems. We further highlight the importance of food for Bi transfer to higher consumers and the importance of considering dietborne exposures in ecotoxicological studies.
Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of systemic inflammation response index in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Sunhuan , Tang Zhining
Published: February 2024

Background

It is unclear whether the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) can predict the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Consequently, the present study focused on systematically identifying the relationship between SIRI and the prognosis of patients with HCC through a meta-analysis.

Methods

Systematic and comprehensive studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to August 10, 2023. The role of SIRI in predicting overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in HCC was determined using pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were pooled to analyze the correlations between SIRI and the clinicopathological features of HCC.

Results

Ten articles involving 2,439 patients were included. An elevated SIRI was significantly associated with dismal OS (HR=1.75, 95% CI=1.52–2.01, p<0.001) and inferior PFS (HR=1.66, 95% CI=1.34–2.05, p<0.001) in patients with HCC. Additionally, according to the combined results, the increased SIRI was significantly related to multiple tumor numbers (OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.09–1.85, p=0.009) and maximum tumor diameter >5 cm (OR=3.06, 95% CI=1.76–5.30, p<0.001). However, the SIRI did not show any significant relationship with sex, alpha-fetoprotein content, Child-Pugh class, or hepatitis B virus infection.

Conclusion

According to our results, elevated SIRI significantly predicted OS and PFS in patients with HCC. Moreover, the SIRI was significantly associated with tumor aggressiveness.

Systematic review registration

https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-9-0003/, identifier INPLASY202390003.
An unappreciated cell survival-independent role for BAFF initiating chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Ullah Md Ashik , Garcillán Beatriz , Whitlock Eden , Figgett William A. , Infantino Simona , Eslami Mahya , Yang SiLing , Rahman M. Arifur , Sheng Yong H. , Weber Nicholas , Schneider Pascal , Tam Constantine S. , Mackay Fabienne
Published: February 2024

Background

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the expansion of CD19+ CD5+ B cells but its origin remains debated. Mutated CLL may originate from post-germinal center B cells and unmutated CLL from CD5+ mature B cell precursors. Irrespective of precursor types, events initiating CLL remain unknown. The cytokines BAFF and APRIL each play a significant role in CLL cell survival and accumulation, but their involvement in disease initiation remains unclear.

Methods

We generated novel CLL models lacking BAFF or APRIL. In vivo experiments were conducted to explore the impact of BAFF or APRIL loss on leukemia initiation, progression, and dissemination. Additionally, RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to unveil the transcriptomic signature influenced by BAFF in CLL. The direct role of BAFF in controlling the expression of tumor-promoting genes was further assessed in patient-derived primary CLL cells ex-vivo.

Results

Our findings demonstrate a crucial role for BAFF, but not APRIL, in the initiation and dissemination of CLL cells. In the absence of BAFF or its receptor BAFF-R, the TCL1 transgene only increases CLL cell numbers in the peritoneal cavity, without dissemination into the periphery. While BAFF binding to BAFF-R is dispensable for peritoneal CLL cell survival, it is necessary to activate a tumor-promoting gene program, potentially linked to CLL initiation and progression. This direct role of BAFF in controlling the expression of tumor-promoting genes was confirmed in patient-derived primary CLL cells ex-vivo.

Conclusions

Our study, involving both mouse and human CLL cells, suggests that BAFF might initiate CLL through mechanisms independent of cell survival. Combining current CLL therapies with BAFF inhibition could offer a dual benefit by reducing peripheral tumor burden and suppressing transformed CLL cell output.