bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suporte Social e HIV: Relações Entre Características Clínicas, Sociodemográficas e Adesão ao Tratamento
Authors: Lenzi Luana , Tonin Fernanda Stumpf , Souza Vanessa Rodrigues de , Pontarolo Roberto
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Este estudo investigou a relação entre suporte social, características sociodemográficas, clínicas e adesão ao Tratamento Antirretroviral (TARV) utilizando o questionário Social Support Inventory for People who are HIV Positive or Have AIDS. Para isso, foram avaliados 119 usuários HIV-positivos - dos quais 53,8% eram homens. Em relação à disponibilidade e satisfação, os valores médios foram de 3,37 (DP=1,00) para o suporte instrumental e 3,48 (DP=1,06) para o suporte emocional. Observaram-se diferenças significativas na disponibilidade e satisfação do suporte social com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Verificou-se que, quanto maior a disponibilidade e a satisfação com o suporte social, maior o OR para a adesão ao tratamento. O desenvolvimento de estratégias de apoio social pode contribuir positivamente para o controle da doença e melhor qualidade de vida dos usuários.
Alternative to Avoid Tooth Discoloration after Regenerative Endodontic Procedure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Santos Luciane Geanini Pena dos , Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Springmann Camila Guerner , Souza Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes de , Pappen Fernanda Geraldo , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Felippe Mara Cristina Santos , Felippe Wilson Tadeu
Published: November 2018

Abstract This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether alternative materials to conventional triple antibiotic paste (TAP - metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) and grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA) could avoid tooth discoloration in teeth submitted to Regenerative Endodontic Procedure (REP). It was also investigated if dental bleaching is able to reverse the color of darkened teeth due to REP. The search was conducted in four databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and BVS - Virtual health library), following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The retrieved papers were uploaded in the software EndNoteTM and two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. Only studies in humans (case reports, case series, clinical trials) were included in the review. From 1,122 potentially eligible studies, 83 were selected for full-text analysis, and 38 were included in the review. The included studies were mainly case reports (76.3 %). The studies described a total of 189 teeth submitted to REP. From these, about 54% of teeth presented some degree of discoloration. Most teeth presenting color alteration were treated with TAP, especially when combined with GMTA. Only three studies performed dental bleaching to restore the color of teeth and neither bleaching technique was able to restore the original color of the crowns. The use of alternative materials to TAP and GMTA, such as double antibiotic paste or Ca(OH)2 pastes and white mineral trioxide aggregate or BiodentineTM, reduces the occurrence of tooth discoloration.
A antropologia contribui para a pesquisa em psicanálise? Sobre o perspectivismo e a experiência psicanalítica
Authors: Klein Thais , Verztman Julio Sergio , Pacheco-Ferreira Fernanda
Published: November 2018

Resumo O artigo visa discutir as implicações de certas questões colocadas pelo perspectivismo ameríndio para a experiência psicanalítica. Isso porque uma pergunta central do perspectivismo levantada por Viveiros de Castro pode ser deslocada para o campo psicanalítico, a saber: como criar condições para autodeterminação ontológica do outro quando todos nós temos nossos pressupostos ontológicos? Acompanhando a aposta do autor de que o antropólogo deve fazer uma descrição suficientemente boa, traça-se uma articulação com a experiência em psicanálise a partir de considerações suscitadas pela teoria winnicottiana. Por fim, para ilustrar as questões discutidas, apresenta-se um relato de experiência em pesquisa clínica a partir da psicanálise.
Contribuições teóricas sobre o envelhecimento na perspectiva dos estudos pessoa-ambiente
Authors: Albuquerque Dayse da Silva , Amancio Denise Aparecida Rodrigues , Günther Isolda de Araújo , Higuchi Maria Inês Gasparetto
Published: November 2018

Resumo A adaptação aos ambientes é primordial para fortalecer o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida. Os estudos pessoa-ambiente buscam, dentre outros interesses, aprofundar a compreensão de como se constrói maior congruência entre as necessidades individuais e as características do ambiente físico, a fim de reduzir os níveis de pressão e estresse ambientais decorrentes dessas adaptações. Essa reciprocidade humano-ambiental foi explorada por Lawton e colaboradores, a partir da década de 1970, no contexto institucional. O modelo teórico pressão-competência e o conceito envelhecimento no lugar (ageing in place), vislumbram-se como contribuições para o enriquecimento do diálogo com estudiosos, tendo como foco a congruência pessoa-ambiente, isto é, as inter-relações entre o indivíduo e os recursos ambientais. Logo, valorizar o papel e as ações de idosos no uso dos espaços públicos e possibilitar sua inclusão no planejamento das cidades é aprimorar o caráter ativo e relevante de suas conquistas, favorecendo o desabrochar de novos horizontes.
Expression analysis of genes involved in the synthesis of oleic and linoleic acids in Jatropha cinerea seeds from Northwestern Mexico
Authors: Lovio-Fragoso Jose Pablo , Medina-Juárez Luis Angel , Gamez-Meza Nohemi , Martínez Octavio , Hernández-Oñate Miguel Ángel , Hayano-Kanashiro Corina
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Plants belonging to genus Jatropha has arisen interest because of its high oil content that could be used to produce biodiesel. It is also widely reported that the main fatty acids in Jatropha oilseed are oleic and linoleic acids. However, there are scarce studies related to native species of Jatropha from Northwestern Mexico which are adapted to arid conditions, and the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis for these species is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the expression of five genes, ACP1, KASII, D9SD, FAD2-1 and FAD2-2, which are involved in the oleic and linoleic acids synthesis in mature wild-seeds of Jatropha cinerea, a native species from Sonoran Desert, using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The J. cinerea seeds were randomly collected in Bahía de Kino, Sonora (México) which is a region characterized by its harsh environments such as saline soils and extreme temperature changes and J. curcas mature seeds from a non-toxic variety from Veracruz, Mexico were used as a reference. The RT-PCR analysis of three biological replicates were considered to ensure data consistent. Our analysis showed a higher expression of KASII and FAD2-1 genes in J. cinerea seeds compared to J. curcas, meanwhile the expression of ACP1, D9SD and FAD2-2 were higher in J. curcas. Furthermore, Actin and FAD2-1 genes sequences here obtained are the first reported for J. cinerea, thus providing information to develop further studies.
Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento na Cadeia Produtiva de Frangos de Corte no Brasil
Authors: Schmidt Nádia Solange , Silva Christian Luiz da
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Nos últimos anos, a produção de carne de frango brasileira cresceu 112%. Esse desempenho posicionou o Brasil como o maior exportador e o terceiro maior produtor mundial. A cadeia produtiva de frangos de corte é representada por milhares de produtores, diversas empresas beneficiadoras e exportadoras. Sua organização, capacidade gerencial, inovações tecnológicas introduzidas e o uso de um sistema eficiente de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D)5 foram as razões desse sucesso. O presente artigo analisou o processo de P&D dessa cadeia, nas etapas de produção e industrialização, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com uso de questionários semiestruturados. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a maior parte das empresas pesquisadas têm estrutura própria de P&D e desenvolvem pesquisa mais fortemente direcionada para o desenvolvimento de produtos ou processos, algumas buscando inovações tecnológicas, outras apenas testando produtos já desenvolvidos. Um fato positivo é que as instituições públicas, como universidades e IPPs (Institutos Públicos de Pesquisa), são parceiros importantes nesse processo, o que demonstra confiança nessas instituições, além da preocupação em maximizar os recursos físicos, humanos e financeiros.
The moderating role of age and gender differences in the relation between subjective well-being, psychopathology and substance use in Uruguayan adolescents
Authors: Fernandez Maria Eugenia , Damme Lore Van , Pauw Sarah De , Costa-Ball Daniel , Daset Lilian , Vanderplasschen Wouter
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study is to explore the Subjective well-being (SWB) of school-going adolescents in Uruguay (N= 325; Mage= 14.67; SD= 1.62). We investigate age- and gender-specific relationships between psychopathology and substance use on the one hand, and subjective well-being on the other hand. Multivariate linear regression analyses, indicated five significant predictors of SWB: three psychopathology factors (depression-anxiety, social anxiety and dissocial behaviour), and age displayed a negative association, while one psychopathology factor (resilience) showed a positive association. When extending the multivariate linear regression analysis with interaction effects, significant interactions appeared regarding gender and resilience and age and substance use. Our study focuses on the necessity to have evidence-based results in order to plan appropriate preventive interventions with adolescents.
BODY MASS LOSS IN DRY SAUNA AND HEART RATE RESPONSE TO HEAT STRESS
Authors: Boraczyński Tomasz , Boraczyński Michał , Podstawski Robert , Borysławski Krzysztof , Jankowski Krzysztof
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of sauna-induced heat exposure on body mass loss (BML) and its relationships with basic anthropometric and physiological variables. Methods: The sample comprised 230 healthy adult males aged 21.0 ± 1.08 years (age range: 20.0–24.5 years). Body surface area (BSA) was determined and two groups of individuals with high BSA (BSAH; n = 58) and low BSA (BSAL; n = 74) were extracted. The intervention consisted of two 10-min dry sauna sessions separated by a 5-min interlude. Pre-, peri-, and post-sauna measures of nude body mass (BM) and heart rate (HR) were taken. Results: BML differed between BSA groups by 0.28 kg (74.81%). Absolute and relative BML most strongly correlated with BM and BSA (p < 0.001). Among the four considered height–weight indexes, the Quetelet I Index and Body Mass Index showed the strongest associations (p < 0.001) with BML whereas the weakest were with the Rohrer Index (p < 0.01) and Slenderness Index (p < 0.05). Compared with BML, differences in HR were relatively minor (from 9.90% to 18.07%) and a significant association was observed between BML and HR at rest (p < 0.01) and in 10th and 20th min of sauna bathing (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The magnitude of BML in healthy adult males after passive heat exposure was dependent on BM and concomitantly BSA. The physiological cost of dry sauna-induced thermal strain (as assessed by BML and HR) is greater in individuals with high BM and BSA. BM and HR monitoring is also recommended in order to minimize the risk of homeostatic imbalance and cardiovascular events and this cohort should more frequently cool the body and consume a greater volume of fluids during sauna bathing. Evidence Level II; Prospective comparative study.
Massive transfusion triggers in severe trauma: Scoping review
Authors: Estebaranz-Santamaría Cristina , Palmar-Santos Ana María , Pedraz-Marcos Azucena
Published: November 2018

Objective to identify the predictive variables or the massive transfusion triggers in severely traumatized patients through the existing scales. Method a review of the literature was carried out using the Scoping Review method across the electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, the Cochrane and IBECS libraries, and the Google Scholar search tool. Results in total, 578 articles were identified in the search and the 36 articles published in the last ten years were included, of which 29 were original articles and 7 review articles. From the analysis, scales for massive transfusion and their predictive triggers were examined. Conclusion the absence of universal criteria regarding the massive transfusion triggers in traumatized patients has led to the development of different scales, and the studies on their validation are considered relevant for the studies about when to initiate this strategy.
Adaptation and validation of the Instrumental Expressive Social Support Scale in Portuguese older individuals
Authors: Lima Lígia , Santos Célia , Bastos Celeste , Guerra Marina , Martins Maria Manuela , Costa Patrício
Published: November 2018

Objective to adapt and validate the Instrumental Expressive Social Support Scale (IESS) in a sample of older people. Method methodological study. The sample of 964 community-dwelling older people was randomly divided into two groups. The first group was used as a calibration sample to study the number of factors underlying social support through Principal Axis Factoring, and the second group as a validation sample to test the “best fit” model through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Results exploratory Factor Analysis suggested a three-factor solution, which was confirmed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The factors were similar to those in the pre-existing dimensions of the original instrument and were named as Sense of control (α = 0.900), Financial support (α = 0.802), Familiar and socio-affective support (α = 0.778). Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed acceptable fit. The model’s goodness-of-fit indexes were satisfactory (χ2/df = 5.418; CFI = 0.903; NFI = 0.884; RMSEA = 0.098). The convergent validity was supported by associations between social support and medication adherence and positive affect. The discriminant validity was evidenced by association with negative affect. The reliability analysis showed high values of internal consistency. Conclusion the instrument proved to be a valid measure for the assessment of social support in older people.
Safety of a formulation containing chitosan microparticles with chamomile: blind controlled clinical trial
Authors: Garbuio Danielle Cristina , Zamarioli Cristina Mara , Melo Maísa Oliveira de , Campos Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia , Carvalho Emília Campos de , Freitas Luis Alexandre Pedro de
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the safety of a topical formulation containing chamomile microparticles coated with chitosan in the skin of healthy participants. Method: phase I blind, controlled, non-randomized, single-dose clinical trial with control for skin, base formulation, and formulation with microparticles. The variables analyzed were irritation and hydration by the Wilcoxon and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results: the study started with 35 participants with a mean age of 26.3 years. Of these, 30 (85.71%) were female, 29 (82.90%) were white skinned and 32 (91.40%) had no previous pathologies. One participant was removed from the study reporting erythema at the site of application, and four other participants for not attending the last evaluation. In the 30 participants who completed the study, the tested formulation did not cause erythema, peeling, burning, pruritus or pain; there was an improvement in cutaneous hydration in the site of application of the formulation with microparticles. In the evaluation of the barrier function, there was an increase in transepidermal water loss in all sites. Conclusion: the formulation with chamomile microparticles is safe for topical use, not causing irritation and improving skin hydration over four weeks of use. Its effects on barrier function need further investigation. No. RBR-3h78kz in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC).
Influence of support surfaces on the distribution of body interface pressure in surgical positioning
Authors: Oliveira Karoline Faria de , Pires Patrícia da Silva , De-Mattia Ana Lúcia , Barichello Elizabeth , Galvão Cristina Maria , Araújo Cleudmar Amaral de , Barbosa Maria Helena
Published: November 2018

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the interface pressure (IP) of support surfaces (SSs) on bony prominences. Method: a quasi-experimental study with repeated measures on each SS. Twenty healthy adult volunteers participated in the study. The participants were placed in the supine position on a standard operating table for evaluation of IP on the bony prominences of the occipital, subscapular, sacral, and calcaneal regions using sensors. Seven evaluations were performed for each bony prominence: one on a standard operating table, and the others on tables containing SSs made of viscoelastic polymer, soft foam, or sealed foam. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: the mean IP was higher on the viscoelastic polymer-based SS compared to the other SSs (p<0.001). The mean IP was relatively lower on the density-33 sealed foam and density-18 soft foam. In addition, this variable was comparatively higher in the sacral region (42.90 mmHg) and the calcaneal region (15.35 mmHg). Conclusion: IP was relatively lower on foam-based SSs, especially on density-18 soft foam and density-33 sealed foam. Nonetheless, IP was not reduced on the viscoelastic polymer SS compared to the control SS.
Clinical trial for the control of water intake of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment
Authors: Oller Graziella Allana Serra Alves de Oliveira , Oliveira Marília Pilotto de , Cesarino Cláudia Bernardi , Teixeira Carla Regina de Souza , Costa José Abrão Cardeal da , Kusumota Luciana
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the impact of an educational and motivational intervention for patients with a chronic kidney disease, undergoing hemodialysis treatment, on the control of fluid intake during interdialytic periods. Method: a quasi-experimental, non-randomized clinical trial with patients from a Nephrological Unit of the State of São Paulo. Participants were included in two groups: Control Group with 106 patients and Intervention Group with 86 patients, totaling 192 participants. The used intervention was an educational and motivational video to control liquid intake, based on the Bandura’s Theory. The measure of control of water intake was the percentage of lost weight, also considered the variable outcome of the research. For the data analysis, descriptive analyses and regression analysis of the Inflated Beta Model were used. Results: patients who participated in the intervention had a decrease in the pattern of weight gain in interdialytic periods, with a 3.54 times more chance of reaching the goal of 100% of weight loss when compared to participants from the control group. Conclusion: the educational and motivational intervention was effective in reducing the percentage of weight loss in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC) under the opinion RBR-4XYTP6.
Prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis and potential associated factors in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Arrelias Clarissa Cordeiro Alves , Rodrigues Fernando Belissimo , Torquato Maria Teresa da Costa Gonçalves , Teixeira Carla Regina de Souza , Rodrigues Flávia Fernanda Luchetti , Zanetti Maria Lucia
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B and C in patients with diabetes mellitus and analyze potential associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional study with 255 patients with diabetes mellitus. Demographic, clinical, and risk behavior factors for hepatitis B and C were selected. The markers HBsAg, Anti-HBc IgG, Anti-HBc IgM, Anti-HBs, and Anti-HCV were investigated. A questionnaire and venous blood collection and inferential statistical analysis were used. Results: 16.8% of the patients had a total reactive Anti-HBc marker, 8.2% an isolated Anti-HBs, and 75% were non-reactive for all hepatitis B markers. No case of reactive HBsAg was found and 3.3% of the patients had a reactive anti-HCV marker. The prevalence of prior hepatitis B virus infection was directly associated with the time of diabetes mellitus and the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection was not associated with the investigated variables. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in patients with diabetes mellitus was higher when compared to the national, with values of 16.8% and 3.3%, respectively. Conclusion: the results suggest that patients with diabetes are a population of higher vulnerability to hepatitis B and C, leading to the adoption of preventive measures of their occurrence.
Association of preoperative anxiety and depression symptoms with postoperative complications of cardiac surgeries
Authors: Rodrigues Hélen Francine , Furuya Rejane Kiyoma , Dantas Rosana Aparecida Spadoti , Rodrigues Alfredo José , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti
Published: November 2018

Objective to investigate the associations of preoperative anxiety and depression symptoms with postoperative complications and with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients submitted to the first coronary artery bypass graft. Method observational, analytical and longitudinal study. A consecutive non-probabilistic sample consisted of patients submitted to coronary artery bypass graft. To evaluate the symptoms, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used. tracheal intubation for more than 48 hours, hemodynamic instability, sensorineural deficit, agitation, hyperglycemia, infection, nausea, vomiting, pain and death were classified as complications. The Mann-Whitney and Spearman Correlation tests were used, with a significance level of 0.05. Results a total of 75 patients participated. The group that presented hemodynamic instability in the postoperative period had a greater median for the anxiety symptoms (p = 0.012), as well as the women (p = 0.028). The median of the depression symptoms was higher in the group presenting nausea (p = 0.002), agitation (p <0.001), tracheal intubation for more than 48 hours (p = 0.018) and sensorineural deficit (p = 0.016). Conclusion there was association of the symptoms of preoperative anxiety with hemodynamic instability in the postoperative period and with the female gender, as well as association of depression symptoms with the following complications: nausea, agitation, time of intubation in the postoperative period and sensorineural deficit.
Frailty syndrome among elderly and associated factors: comparison of two cities
Authors: Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida Partezani , Fhon Jack Roberto Silva , Pontes Maria de Lourdes de Farias , Silva Antonia Oliveira , Haas Vanderlei José , Santos Jair Lício Ferreira
Published: November 2018

Objective to compare the frailty syndrome among elderly people living at home in two Brazilian cities and to identify factors related to sociodemographic and health-related variables. Method population-based cross-sectional study with 480 elderly individuals from the cities of Ribeirão Preto/SP and João Pessoa/PB, with application of the Mini Mental State Examination instruments and the Edmonton Frailty, Geriatric Depression and Lawton and Brody scales. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, Fisher’s test, Student’s t-test, Spermann’s correlation and Logistic regression were used. In all analyzes, the level of significance was set at p≤0.05. Results in relation to frailty, it was verified that living in Ribeirão Preto, presenting advanced age, low schooling, multiple chronic diseases, reduced cognitive status and functional capacity, besides depressive symptoms, are factors associated with the frailty syndrome, in both cities. Conclusion we identified that the frailty syndrome in the elderly of both cities has a relation with the place where the elderly person lives, age, schooling, number of diseases, reduction of cognitive status, functional capacity and presence of symptoms depressive.
Diet and trophic niche overlap of Boana bischoffi and Boana marginata (Anura: Hylidae) in southern Brazil
Authors: Moser Camila F. , Oliveira Mateus de , Avila Fernanda R. de , Dutra-Araújo Diogo , Farina Renata K. , Tozetti Alexandro M.
Published: November 2018

Abstract: The species Boana bischoffi and Boana marginata are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, where they often occur in sympatry. There is a large gap in the knowledge of natural history of both species. In this study, we aimed to describe and compare the diet composition of B. bischoffi and B. marginata in the southern domain of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We analyzed the gastrointestinal contents of 43 individuals of B. bischoffi and 30 individuals of B. marginata. Both showed a high trophic niche overlap (0.90 Ojk). The most important prey categories for both species belonged to the orders Araneae and Coleoptera. The species niche breadth (Bsta) varied from 0.35 to 0.42, suggesting a generalist feeding behavior for both species. Our data provide unprecedented information on these species' food composition, contributing to a better knowledge of the natural history of neotropical anurans.
Estágio reprodutivo, histologia e morfometria sazonal do testículo de Dermanura cinerea (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) em fragmento de Mata Atlântica no Litoral Sul de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Lima Junior Nivaldo B. de , Arandas Maria J. G. , Silva Fabricya R. da , Silva Diêgo V. da , Teixeira Álvaro A. C. , Aguiar Júnior Francisco C. A. de , Garcia José E. , Santos Katharine R. P. dos
Published: November 2018

RESUMO Esse estudo analisou o estágio reprodutivo, a histologia e a morfometria dos testículos de Dermanura cinerea (Gervais, 1856) em fragmento de Mata Atlântica no Litoral Sul de Pernambuco. Os espécimes foram capturados por redes de neblina e as coletas ocorreram mensalmente, ao longo de duas noites consecutivas, durante 18 meses. Os dados meteorológicos foram agrupados em meses chuvosos e secos. Foram utilizados 18 espécimes adultos, os quais foram classificados em machos com testículos descendentes e não descendentes. Para as análises histológicas, os testículos foram coletados, fixados e processados seguindo a técnica histológica de rotina. As lâminas obtidas foram coradas por Hematoxilina-Eosina. Nas análises morfométricas foram mensuradas a área de ocupação do compartimento tubular e intertubular, quantificados o número de células de Leydig, de Sertoli, de espermatócitos e de espermátides alongadas. Os dados morfométricos foram submetidos às análises estatísticas. Dermanura cinerea apresentou maior atividade de produção espermática em meses secos e maior produção hormonal em meses chuvosos. Essas informações estão relacionadas também com o padrão reprodutivo das fêmeas e com a elevação nos índices pluviométricos, já que é um fator determinante na mediação da disponibilidade alimentar das espécies frugívoras, como D. cinerea em área de Mata Atlântica de Pernambuco.
Cuatro especies nuevas del género Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) en las provincias de Pichincha, Napo y Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador
Authors: Llangarí-Arizo Luz M. , Rafael Violeta
Published: November 2018

RESUMEN Se describen cuatro especies nuevas del género Drosophila. Drosophila valenteae sp. nov., recolectada en un remanente de bosque andino de la provincia de Pichincha, pertenece al grupo D. guarani. Drosophila cumanda sp. nov., recolectada en los andes orientales de la provincia de Napo, pertenece al grupo D. annulimana. Las especies D. cruzloma sp. nov., recolectada en el páramo de la provincia de Pichincha, y D. tinalandia sp. nov., recolectadas en los andes occidentales de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, aunque pertenecen al subgénero Drosophila, no fueron asignadas a ningún grupo de especies. Sin embargo D. tinalandia sp. nov. fue capturada en inflorescencias de especies del género Xanthosoma spp. (Araceae), por lo tanto podría estar relacionada a un grupo antofílico.
Accidental poisoning by castor bean (Ricinus communis) cake in horses
Authors: Montão Daniele P. , Araújo Bruna T.S. , Santos Tiago F.S. , Lima Danielli B. , Gonçalves Fábio T. , Duarte Marcos D. , Riet-Correa Gabriela , Bezerra Júnior Pedro S.
Published: November 2018

Abstract: Ricinus communis is a shrub of the family Euphorbiaceae popularly known in Brazil as “mamona” or “carrapateira”. It is an oleaginous plant whose seeds have been used mainly in biodiesel production. Plant seed oil can be extracted mechanically or using solvents, generating castor bean cake and castor bean meal as by-products, respectively. Accidental ingestion of these by-products can cause poisoning in animals and humans, characterized by digestive signs resulting from the presence of a toxalbumin called ricin. Seed toxicity varies among animal species; in horses, the lethal dose of seeds is 0.1 g/kg of body weight. The literature presents plenty of studies addressing poisoning by R. communis in different animal species and in humans; however, reports are scarce and little information is available on the pathological aspects of poisoning regarding equines. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects observed in an outbreak of accidental poisoning with castor bean cake in horses. The equines were supplemented with palm kernel (Elaeis guianeesis) cake; however, in the purchase of a new batch, there was an error in the order, and castor bean cake was requested instead. Four horses that received castor bean cake presented clinical signs indicative of colic, which started about 21 hours after administration. Three of these horses died, with clinical evolution from 2 to 4.5 hours; the other animal was treated with intravenous fluid and antibiotic therapy and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and recovered after five days. In the necropsy of two of these horses, the main lesions were found in the small intestine, where mucosae with pronounced redness and covered with a thin layer of yellow fibrous material were observed. In the intestinal lumen, there was a large amount of bloody liquid. The stomach was full, and dark lumps similar to crushed castor bean seeds were observed in the contents. The adrenal glands of both horses presented congestion and hemorrhage in the cortex. In microscopy, the main lesion was an acute, diffuse and accentuated fibrin-necrotic enteropathy affecting the jejunum. The diagnosis of castor bean cake poisoning was based on the circumstantial evidence of by-product consumption supported by clinical and pathological aspects. The results indicate that castor bean cake commercially available as fertilizer is extremely toxic when ingested, and there is a need for appropriate detoxification or labeling informing of its toxicity.
Pathological features of 78 metastatic or multicentric neoplasms involving the central nervous system in dogs
Authors: Heck Lilian C. , Cony Fernanda G. , Bianchi Matheus V. , Driemeier David , Sonne Luciana , Pavarini Saulo P.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT: Secondary neoplasms affecting the central nervous system (CNS) may occur through blood flow or direct extension. This condition occurrence has increased both due to a longer life expectancy of dogs, as well as with the employment of chemotherapeutics, which may increase the survival period and, thus, the odds of the occurrence of metastasis. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological features, such as the age, breed and sex of the animals affected, as well as the gross and microscopic findings of the metastasis from neoplasms involving the CNS of 78 dogs, and, based on the data, estimate the occurrence and frequency of the metastatic or multicentric neoplasms. Females (71.79%) were most affected than males, with an average age of 9.5-years-old and a median of 10-years-old. Most of the cases had a multifocal distribution (73.07%), and epithelial neoplasms (50%) were the most common. Telencephalon was the most affected neuroanatomical region (61.1%). Mammary neoplasms were the most frequent (47.44%), followed by hemangiosarcoma (19.23%), lymphoma (10.26%) and melanoma (6.41%). Less common neoplasms included osteosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma and lung carcinoma (2.56%). Mammary neoplasms were mainly composed of anaplastic and micropapillary carcinomas, of which only multifocal microscopic lesions were observed.
Aplicações da teoria da informação à neurociência
Authors: Cordeiro Vinícius Lima , Pena Rodrigo Felipe de Oliveira , Ceballos Cesar Augusto Celis , Shimoura Renan Oliveira , Roque Antonio Carlos
Published: November 2018

Resumo Neurônios respondem a estímulos externos emitindo sequências de potenciais de ação (trens de disparos). Desse modo, pode-se dizer que o trem de disparos é a resposta neuronal a um estímulo de entrada. Potenciais de ação são fenômenos do tipo “tudo ou nada”, isto é, um trem de disparos pode ser representado por uma sequência de zeros e uns. No contexto da teoria da informação, pode-se então questionar: quanta informação acerca do estímulo externo o trem de disparos carrega? Ou ainda, quais aspectos do estímulo são codificados pela resposta neuronal? Neste artigo, faz-se uma introdução à teoria da informação em que são apresentados aspectos históricos, conceitos fundamentais da teoria e aplicações à neurociência. A conexão com a neurociência é feita com o uso de demonstrações e discussões de diferentes métodos da teoria da informação. Exemplos são fornecidos com o uso de simulações computacionais de dois modelos de neurônios, o neurônio Poisson e o neurônio integra-e-dispara, e um modelo de rede de autômatos celulares. No ultimo caso, demonstra-se como se pode utilizar medidas da teoria da informação para reconstruir a matriz de conectividade de uma rede. Todos os códigos utilizados para estas simulações foram disponibilizados publicamente na plataforma GitHub, acessíveis pelo url: github.com/ViniciusLima94/ticodigoneural.
Lumbar herniated disc treatment with percutaneous hydrodiscectomy
Authors: Silvinato Antonio , Simões Ricardo S. , Buzzini Renata F. , Bernardo Wanderley M.
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY Lumbar herniated disc are common manifestations of degenerative spine diseases, the main cause of radiated lower back pain. This guideline followed standard of a systematic review with recovery of evidence based on the movement of evidence-based medicine. We used the structured method for formulating the question synthesized by the acronym p.I.C.O., In which the p corresponds to the lumbar herniated disc, i to the treatment intervention with percutaneous hydrodiscectomy, c comparing with other treatment modalities, o the outcome of clinical evolution and complications. From the structured question, we identify the descriptors which constituted the evidence search base in the medline-pubmed databases (636 papers) and therefore, after the eligibility criteria (inclusion and exclusion), eight papers were selected to answer to clinical question. The details of the methodology and the results of this guideline are exposed in annex i.
Light chain cardiac amyloidosis - a rare cause of heart failure in a young adult
Authors: Domingues Kevin , Saraiva Mariana , Marta Liliana , Monteiro Isabel , Leal Margarida
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY Cardiac amyloidosis is an infiltrative cardiomyopathy, resulting from amyloid deposition within the myocardium. In primary systemic (AL-type) amyloidosis, the amyloid protein is composed of light chains resulting from plasma-cell dyscrasia, and cardiac involvement occurs in up to 50% of the patients We present a case of a 43-year-old man, with complaints of periodical swollen tongue and xerostomia, bleeding gums and haematuria for two months. His blood results showed normocytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and a high spontaneous INR, therefore he was referred to the Internal Medicine clinic. In the first visit, he showed signs and symptoms of overt congestive heart failure and was referred to the emergency department. The electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia and low voltage criteria. Echocardiography showed biventricular hypertrophy with preserved ejection fraction, restrictive physiology with elevated filling pressures, thickened interatrial septum and atrioventricular valves, small pericardial effusion and relative “apical sparing” on 2D longitudinal strain. Cardiac MRI showed diffuse subendocardial late enhancement. Serum protein electrophoresis was inconclusive, however urine analysis revealed nephrotic range proteinuria, positive Bence Jones protein and an immunofixation test with a monoclonal lambda protein band. Abdominal fat biopsy was negative for Congo red stain, nevertheless a bone marrow biopsy was performed, revealing lambda protein monoclonal plasmocytosis, confirming the diagnosis of primary systemic amyloidosis. This case represents a rare cause of heart failure in a young adult. Low-voltage QRS complexes and typical echocardiography features should raise the suspicion for cardiac amyloidosis. Prognosis is dictated by the level of cardiac involvement; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.
Epidemiological profile of Brazilian oncological patients seen by a reference oncology center of the public health system and who migrate in search of adequate health care
Authors: Cubero Daniel I.G. , Sette Cláudia Vaz de Melo , Piscopo Beatriz de Camargo Preto , Monteiro Camila Ribeiro de Arruda , Schoueri Jean Henri Maselli , Tavares Heloísa Duarte de Andrade , Argani Igor Luiz , Garcia Marília Arrais , Passarela Karoline , del Giglio Auro
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Structural disparities between different Brazilian regions in public health system cause patients to migrate in search of better conditions to treat their diseases. Besides patient’s discomfort, there is a concentration of care in large centres, causing overload to current capacity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate migratory flow and associated factors in a reference service in oncology. METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted at a referral oncology service in Great ABC region of São Paulo. Patients were interviewed, and clinical and demographic data collected. RESULTS Between March-July 2016, 217 patients were included. Analysis showed a divergence between the postal code registered in the medical record and that recorded during the interview in approximately 10% of cases. Of these, 42.9% were residents of other states. Search for treatment motivated most patients to seek service outside their city. CONCLUSION Results reflect the informal search for medical care outside the home area. Besides the direct impact on patients’ quality of life, migratory flow has an economic-social impact because these patients place a burden and impose costs on services of cities where they do not perform their responsibilities as citizens. Confirmation of the existence of a significant migratory flow demonstrates the need to discuss restructuring public health policies.
Home-based exercise therapy for treating non-specific chronic low back pain
Authors: Kanas Michel , Faria René Souza , Salles Lucas Gabriel , Sorpreso Isabel Cristina Esposito , Martins Délio Eulálio , Cunha Ronaldo Alves da , Wajchenberg Marcelo
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To evaluate pain, functional capacity, and quality of life of patients with non-specific chronic low back pain, after home-based exercise therapy with different kinds of supervision. METHOD Thirty individuals of both gender, between 18 and 65 years old, performed the proposed exercises three times a week, for eight weeks. Group A (N = 17) performed the exercises after a single supervised session. Group B (N = 13) was supervised once a week at the rehabilitation center. Both groups received a booklet with instructions, and questionnaires to evaluate pain, functional capacity and quality of life; during the initial evaluation, after four and eight weeks. RESULTS There was an improvement in pain and functional capacity between the initial evaluation and week 4, and the initial evaluation and week 8 in both groups (p <0.05). In the quality of life evaluation, the criteria for pain, functional capacity, and physical aspects had significant improvement after 8 weeks (p <0.05). There was no difference when comparing groups A and B (p >0,05). CONCLUSION Home-based exercise therapy, when performed in a period of eight weeks, using the booklet, was effective for improving level of pain, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain. The weekly supervision did not significantly influence the final outcome between the groups.
Palliative approach in acute neurological events: a five-year study
Authors: Monteiro Nuno Ferreira , Cipriano Patrícia , Freire Elga
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Acute neurological illness often results in severe disability. Five-year life expectancy is around 40%; half the survivors become completely dependent on outside help. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the symptoms of patients admitted to a Hospital ward with a diagnosis of stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage or subdural hematoma, and analyze the role of an In-Hospital Palliative Care Support Team. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective, observational study with a sample consisting of all patients admitted with acute neurological illness and with a guidance request made to the In-Hospital Palliative Care Support Team of a tertiary Hospital, over 5 years (2012-2016). RESULTS A total of 66 patients were evaluated, with an age median of 83 years old. Amongst them, there were 41 ischaemic strokes, 12 intracranial bleedings, 12 subdural hematomas, and 5 subarachnoid hemorrhages. The median of delay between admission and guidance request was 14 days. On the first evaluation by the team, the GCS score median was 6/15 and the Palliative Performance Scale (PPS) median 10%. Dysphagia (96.8%) and bronchorrhea (48.4%) were the most prevalent symptoms. A total of 56 patients had a feeding tube (84.8%), 33 had vital sign monitoring (50.0%), 24 were hypocoagulated (36.3%), 25 lacked opioid or anti-muscarinic therapy for symptom control (37,9%); 6 patients retained orotracheal intubation, which was removed. In-hospital mortality was 72.7% (n=48). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Patients were severely debilitated, in many cases futile interventions persisted, yet several were under-medicated for symptom control. The delay between admission and collaboration request was high. Due to the high morbidity associated with acute neurological illness, palliative care should always be timely provided.
Levels of shading and application of glyphosate and carfentrazone-ethyl in the control of Macroptilium atropurpureum
Authors: Costa Gustavo A. , Santos Leonardo D. T. , Ferreira Guilherme A. de P. , Cruz Leandro R. da , Machado Vitor D. , Rocha Leonardo M.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Variations in environmental conditions, such as the availability of light, can affect the efficacy of herbicides because they alter the biological characteristics of plants including those that are related to the plant’s sensitivity to herbicides. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the influence of environments with different light availabilities, and of the application of glyphosate and carfentrazone-ethyl (separately or in combination) on the morphophysiology and control of Macroptilium atropurpureum. An experimental design of randomized blocks with five replicates was used, with treatments arranged in a split-plot design. The plots were composed of three levels of shading (full sunlight, 50% shading, and 70% shading); within each plot there were sub-plots, one for each of the two herbicides (glyphosate and carfentrazone-ethyl), used either separately or in combination. The doses of glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl applied in the treatments were 0+40 g ha-1 of carfentrazone-ethyl, 1.440+0 g ha-1 of glyphosate, 1.080+30 g ha-1 of glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl, and there was an additional treatment that did not include the application of an herbicide. Plants of M. atropurpureum cultivated under shading exhibited higher sensitivity to the herbicides, greater leaflet area, and lower photosynthetic rates than plants cultivated under full sunlight conditions. Under shading, both herbicides applied separately or in combination were effective in controlling M. atropurpureum, which indicates a greater susceptibility of this species to these herbicides in environments with light restriction. The species was tolerant to the two tested herbicides, used either alone or in combination, when grown under full sunlight conditions.
Solid urban waste in the production of Aegiphila sellowiana Cham. seedlings
Authors: Caldeira Marcos V. W. , Santos Fernando E. V. , Kunz Sustanis H. , Klippel Valéria H. , Delarmelina William M. , Gonçalves Elzimar de O.
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT The use of organic wastes as primary source of nutrients can contribute to reducing the dependence on inputs, besides being a sustainable destination for these materials. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Aegiphila sellowiana seedlings grown in substrates composed of different proportions of sewage sludge, organic wastes and vermiculite. Twenty six substrates (treatments) were tested, formulated from the mixture of sewage sludge with vermiculite and the wastes coconut fiber, fresh coffee straw, organic compost (fresh bovine manure and fresh coffee straw), carbonized rice husk and fresh rice husk, at the proportions of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60 and 20:80 (sewage sludge:materials), and a control, composed of commercial substrate (Bioplant®). At 120 days after sowing, the following morphological characteristics were determined: collar diameter, shoot height, dry matter (shoots, roots and total) and Dickson quality index (DQI) of all plants. Substrates formulated with sewage sludge and organic compost led to higher growth of seedlings (40% SS:60% OC and 20% SS:80% OC). Proportions of 20 to 40% sewage sludge and 60 to 80% organic compost are recommended for the production of A. sellowiana seedlings.
Soil physical properties and yield of soybean and corn grown with wastewater
Authors: Almeida Alexsandro C. dos S. , Santos Higor H. O. , Bortolo Dhiego P. , Lourente Elaine R. P. , Cortez Jorge W. , Oliveira Fabricio C. de
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate soybean and corn yields and soil physical attributes of a Dystrophic Red Latosol fertilized with swine wastewater (SW). Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in randomized blocks to evaluate five treatments of fertilization in the 2014/2015 season (soybean in the summer and corn in the second season). The treatments were: T1 - control (fertilized exclusively with chemical fertilizers); T2 - fertilized with 1270 m3 ha-1 of SW; T3 - fertilized with 170 m3 ha-1 of SW; T4 - fertilized with 50 m3 ha-1 of SW; and T5 - fertilized with 50 m3 ha-1 of SW + chemical fertilization. Soil samplings and soil physical analyses were performed before soybean cultivation and after corn harvest. No significant alteration was observed in soil physical attributes during the evaluation period. The application of swine wastewater in the fertilization of soybean and corn, cultivated in Dystrophic Red Latosol with high clay contents, positively affected these crops, since it led to good yields in soybean (with an average of 2990.85 kg ha-1) and increased corn yields (with a maximum of 7126.5 kg ha-1). In addition, soil physical properties were not altered.