bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small molecule drugs to improve sarcomere function in those with acquired and inherited myopathies
Authors: Claassen Wout J. , Baelde Rianne J. , Galli Ricardo A. , de Winter Josine M. , Ottenheijm Coen A. C.
Published: May 2023

During the past decade, several small molecule drugs that improve the contractility of skeletal muscle fibers have been developed. In this review, we provide an overview of the available literature and the mechanisms of action of small molecule drugs that modulate the contractility of sarcomeres, the smallest contractile units in striated muscle, by acting on myosin and troponin.
EphrinB2 drives osteogenic fate of adult cardiac fibroblasts in a calcium influx dependent manner
Authors: Li Wudi , Su Sheng-an , Chen Jian , Shen Yimin , Ma Hong , Xiang Meixiang
Published: May 2023

In this study, we observed that adult cardiac fibroblasts but not neonatal cardiac fibroblasts exhibit the ability of osteogenic differentiation. EphrinB2 promoted osteogenic differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts through activating Ca2+-related S100/RAGE signaling. Inhibition of Ca2+ influx using L-type calcium channel blockers inhibited EphrinB2-mediated calcification of cardiac fibroblasts. Our data implied an unrecognized role of EphrinB2 in regulating cardiac calcification though Ca2+-related signaling, suggesting a potential therapeutic target of cardiovascular calcification.
Cholera Infection Risks and Cholera Vaccine Safety in Pregnancy
Authors: El Hayek Pamela , Boueri Myriam , Nasr Leah , Aoun Christine , Sayad Edouard , Jallad Karl
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Discuss the impact of cholera infection on pregnant women, fetus, and neonates and review the safety of cholera vaccines in pregnancy. Methods. This study was carried out as a narrative review during November 2022. A thorough literature review was conducted on the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. The following parameters were assessed from the included studies: type of cholera vaccine, cholera symptoms, cholera treatment, effect of cholera on pregnancy, effect of cholera treatment on pregnancy, effect of cholera vaccine on pregnancy, risk factors for fetuses and neonates, and prevention of cholera. The authors independently extracted data from the 24 included studies. Results. Cholera infection is a serious threat on pregnancy as it could lead to increased stillbirths and neonatal death. Fetal death was shown to occur mainly in the third trimester as most of the pregnant women infected with cholera had spontaneous abortions even after controlling for other confounding variables such as maternal age, dehydration level, and vomiting. Neonatal death was attributed mainly to congenital malformations and low Apgar scores with no improvements. Besides, cholera vaccines have shown to be safe in pregnancy and have proven to lower fetal and neonatal malformations among vaccinated compared to nonvaccinated pregnant women. Conclusion. This narrative summarizes the different complications due to cholera infection in pregnancy. It also reviews the safety of cholera vaccine administration in pregnant women.
A Lightweight Binarized Convolutional Neural Network Model for Small Memory and Low-Cost Mobile Devices
Authors: Qi Xuan , Sun Zegang , Mei Xue , Chellali Ryad
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the high cost of implementing deep neural networks due to their large model size and parameter complexity has made it a challenging problem to design lightweight models that reduce application costs. The existing binarized neural networks suffer from both the large memory occupancy and the big number of trainable params they use. We propose a lightweight binarized convolutional neural network (CBCNN) model to address the multiclass classification/identification problem. We use both binary weights and activation. We show experimentally that a model using only 0.59 M trainable params is sufficient to reach about 92.94% accuracy on the GTSRB dataset, and it has similar performances compared to other methods on MNIST and Fashion-MNIST datasets. Accordingly, most arithmetic operations with bitwise operations are simplified, thus both used memory size and memory accesses are reduced by 32 times. Moreover, the color information was removed, which also reduced drastically the training time. All these together allow our architecture to run effectively and in real time on simple CPUs (rather than GPUs). Through the results we obtained, we show that despite simplifications and color information removal, our network achieves similar performances compared to classical CNNs with lower costs in both in training and embedded deployment.
Attachment Style, Affective Temperament, and Psychological Distress among Mental Health Nurses during the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Elsayes Hala Ahmed , Zewiel Marwa Abdelfatah Ahmed , Wahba Amina Ahmed , Ibrahim Abass Ghoneim Nagwa , Saad Mohammed Amira Mohammed , Almadani Noura , Alharbi Jalal , Abdeldafie Selwa Y. , Hazza Alsharif Fatmah , Mosad Elrefaay Shaimaa
Published: May 2023

The nursing staff is more likely to experience drastic stress, which can compromise their physical and mental health and affect the quality of their work. This study aimed to assess the attachment type and affective temperament in connection to the psychological effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on psychiatric hospital nurses. We conducted a cross‐sectional online survey utilizing a convenience sample population of 100 nurses who served on the front lines during the COVID‐19 outbreak. The key findings showed that most nurses reported moderate attachment anxiety, moderate affective temperament, and mild psychological distress. It is crucial to offer nurses psychological support during COVID‐19 through various channels.
Supplementary Table S4 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Ritu , Slebos Robbert J.C. , Noel Leenil C. , Song Feifei , Poole Maria I. , Hoening Dirk S. , Hernandez-Prera Juan C. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Guevara-Patino Jose A. , Wang Xuefeng , Xie Mengyu , Tan Aik Choon , Chung Christine H.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table S4. TME across the Immune, Mixture and Hypoxia subgroups
Supplementary Table S3 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Ritu , Slebos Robbert J.C. , Noel Leenil C. , Song Feifei , Poole Maria I. , Hoening Dirk S. , Hernandez-Prera Juan C. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Guevara-Patino Jose A. , Wang Xuefeng , Xie Mengyu , Tan Aik Choon , Chung Christine H.
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table S3. 49-gene hypoxia-immune signature
Supplementary Figure S4 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Ritu , Slebos Robbert J.C. , Noel Leenil C. , Song Feifei , Poole Maria I. , Hoening Dirk S. , Hernandez-Prera Juan C. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Guevara-Patino Jose A. , Wang Xuefeng , Xie Mengyu , Tan Aik Choon , Chung Christine H.
Published: May 2023

(A-C) Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cohort. The gene expressions were compared for pathways enriched in: (A) Immune vs Hypoxia. Red: enriched in Immune, Blue: enriched in Hypoxia. (B) Immune vs Mixture. Red: enriched in Immune, Blue: enriched in Mixture. (C) Hypoxia vs Mixture. Red: enriched in Hypoxia, Blue: enriched in Mixture. Indicated are the top 10 most differentially expressed pathways in Cancer Hallmarks gene sets. NES: Normalized Enrichment Score
Supplementary Figure S3 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Ritu , Slebos Robbert J.C. , Noel Leenil C. , Song Feifei , Poole Maria I. , Hoening Dirk S. , Hernandez-Prera Juan C. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Guevara-Patino Jose A. , Wang Xuefeng , Xie Mengyu , Tan Aik Choon , Chung Christine H.
Published: May 2023

Heatmap of molecular subgroups in MCC18754 (n=48). RNA expression data was z-normalized, each row represents a single gene in the Hypoxia-Immune signature gene list, each column represents a patient sample. Samples were reordered according to its molecular subgroup: Immune (blue), Mixture (black) and Hypoxia (red).
Supplementary Figure S2 from EGFR Inhibition by Cetuximab Modulates Hypoxia and IFN Response Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Ritu , Slebos Robbert J.C. , Noel Leenil C. , Song Feifei , Poole Maria I. , Hoening Dirk S. , Hernandez-Prera Juan C. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Guevara-Patino Jose A. , Wang Xuefeng , Xie Mengyu , Tan Aik Choon , Chung Christine H.
Published: May 2023

(A, B) Representative mIHC images showing staining of nuclei (blue), tumor cell (orange - PCK) and selected immune checkpoint markers in each molecular subgroup. (A) Images show four lymphoid markers - CD3+ T-cells (Green), CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells (Yellow), CD69+ activated T-cells (Red) and CD103+ resident memory T-cells (Cyan). (B) Images show three myeloid markers – HLA-DR+ APCs (Green), MHCII+ APCs (Cyan) and CD163+ M2 macrophages (Yellow). (C) Linear model showing correlation between PD-L1 CPS and Immune, Mixture and Hypoxia subgroups. (D-E) Boxplots showing cell counts distribution of different immune markers among the primary (n = 63) and recurrent (n = 20) tumors in TMA mIHC cohort. Students t-tests were used to test for significant differences between the groups.
2023 Guideline for the Management of Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
Authors: Hoh Brian L. , Ko Nerissa U. , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh , Chou Sherry Hsiang-Yi , Cruz-Flores Salvador , Dangayach Neha S. , Derdeyn Colin P. , Du Rose , Hänggi Daniel , Hetts Steven W. , Ifejika Nneka L. , Johnson Regina , Keigher Kiffon M. , Leslie-Mazwi Thabele M. , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Rabinstein Alejandro A. , Robicsek Steven A. , Stapleton Christopher J. , Suarez Jose I. , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Welch Babu G.
Published: May 2023

Aim:

The “2023 Guideline for the Management of Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage” replaces the 2012 “Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.” The 2023 guideline is intended to provide patient-centric recommendations for clinicians to prevent, diagnose, and manage patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

METHODS:

A comprehensive search for literature published since the 2012 guideline, derived from research principally involving human subjects, published in English, and indexed in MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline, was conducted between March 2022 and June 2022. In addition, the guideline writing group reviewed documents on related subject matter previously published by the American Heart Association. Newer studies published between July 2022 and November 2022 that affected recommendation content, Class of Recommendation, or Level of Evidence were included if appropriate.

Structure:

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a significant global public health threat and a severely morbid and often deadly condition. The 2023 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage guideline provides recommendations based on current evidence for the treatment of these patients. The recommendations present an evidence-based approach to preventing, diagnosing, and managing patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients’ and their families’ and caregivers’ interests. Many recommendations from the previous aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage guidelines have been updated with new evidence, and new recommendations have been created when supported by published data.
Genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, association between fruit yield and yield components of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) accessions grown in two different years
Authors: Justina Komolafe Ronke , Johnson Ariyo Omolayo , Olusanya Alake Christopher , Adebayo Oduwaye Olusegun
Published: May 2023

Genetic improvement of okra for yield is significant because of the nutritional, economic and health benefits inherent in it and to overcome the low genetic potential of the existing varieties and environmental factors which are the major constraints to okra yield. Therefore, this study was carried out to understand the genetic nature of yield, its association with yield components on which selection can be made and to determine the effect of different years on genetic gain. The experiment involved the evaluation of twenty okra accessions in the rainy seasons of year 2019 and 2020 in a randomised complete block design. Data were collected on fourteen characters and analysed. Genotype × Year was highly significant for all the analysed characters. High heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean were recorded for most of the characters in both years indicating that these traits were less influenced by the environment and presence of additive gene action. Genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance were observed to be higher for some traits in 2019 but lower for those traits in 2020. Pod yield had positive correlation with only plant height at 50% flowering, pod length, number of seeds per pods and peduncle length in both years 2019 and 2020 while the remaining were negatively correlated with pod yield in both years except petiole length and number of pods per plant. Therefore, selection based on these traits could be highly rewarding and may not be considered based on different years.
Damping of Inertial Motions through the Radiation of Near-Inertial Waves in a Dipole Vortex in the Iceland Basin
Authors: Thomas Leif N. , Skyllingstad Eric D. , Rainville Luc , Hormann Verena , Centurioni Luca , Moum James N. , Asselin Olivier , Lee Craig M.
Published: May 2023

Along with boundary layer turbulence, downward radiation of near-inertial waves (NIWs) damps inertial oscillations (IOs) in the surface ocean; however, the latter can also energize abyssal mixing. Here we present observations made from a dipole vortex in the Iceland Basin where, after the period of direct wind forcing, IOs lost over half their kinetic energy (KE) in two inertial periods to radiation of NIWs with minimal turbulent dissipation of KE. The dipole’s vorticity gradient led to a rapid reduction in the NIW’s lateral wavelength via ζ refraction that was accompanied by isopycnal undulations below the surface mixed layer. Pressure anomalies associated with the undulations were correlated with the NIW’s velocity yielding an energy flux of 310 mW m−2 pointed antiparallel to the vorticity gradient and a downward flux of 1 mW m−2 capable of driving the observed drop in KE. The minimal role of turbulence in the energetics after the IOs had been generated by the winds was confirmed using a large-eddy simulation driven by the observed winds.

Significance Statement

We report direct observational estimates of the vector wave energy flux of a near-inertial wave. The energy flux points from high to low vorticity in the horizontal, consistent with the theory of ζ refraction. The downward energy flux dominates the observed damping of inertial motions over turbulent dissipation and mixing.
Belonging and Agrarian Labour Exchanges in Zimbabwe: Navigating Between Communal Areas and Fast Track Villagised Settlements
Authors: Marewo Malvern Kudakwashe
Published: May 2023

This article examines the nature of labour exchange between A1 farmers with people in communal areas of origin based on kinship and friendship relations. While agrarian labour in Zimbabwe has attracted considerable interest in land reform debates, limited attention has been paid to agrarian labour exchange and livelihoods based on belonging to communal areas of origin under the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP). Using a qualitative case study from Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe, I argue that belonging plays an important role in labour exchange and enabling livelihoods. This article illustrates that labour exchange in farm households still matter despite changes in land distribution and the economy. The article concludes that belonging-based labour exchange enhances agricultural production and livelihoods in a new land ownership and economic circumstances.
National Trends and Clinical Outcomes of Type B Aortic Dissection Management at Safety-Net Hospitals
Authors: Cho Nam Yong , Chervu Nikhil , Verma Arjun , Ebrahimian Shayan , Kim Shineui , Rollo Jonathan , Benharash Peyman
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD) are often underinsured and urgently admitted for open or thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). The present study evaluated the association of safety-net status with outcomes among patients with TBAD.

Methods

The 2012-2019 National Inpatient Sample was queried to identify all adults admitted with type B aortic dissection. Safety-net hospitals (SNHs) were defined as institutions in the top 33% for the annual proportion of uninsured or Medicaid patients. Multivariable regression models were utilized to assess the association of SNH with in-hospital mortality, perioperative complications, length of stay (LOS), hospitalization cost, and non-home discharge.

Results

Of an estimated 172 595 patients, 61 000 (35.3%) were managed at SNH. Compared to others, patients admitted to SNH were younger, more commonly non-white, and more frequently non-electively admitted. From 2012 to 2019, the annual incidence of type B aortic dissection increased in the overall cohort. Additionally, utilization of TEVAR at non-SNH increased significantly (2012: 6.5% vs 2019: 9.8%), while that of SNH remained similar (2012: 7.4% vs 2019: 7.9%). Patients undergoing open repair had higher mortality at both SNH (12.4 vs 7.8%, P < .001) and non-SNH (13.1 vs 6.1%, P < .001) compared to those receiving TEVAR. After risk adjustment, compared to non-SNH, SNH status was associated with greater odds of mortality, perioperative complications and non-home discharge.

Conclusions

Our finding suggests that SNH have inferior clinical outcomes for TBAD as well as reduced adoption of endovascular management strategies. Future studies to identify barriers to optimal aortic repair and ameliorate disparities at SNH are warranted.
Factors Associated With Early Amputation in Patients With Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia
Authors: Cho Nam Yong , Tran Zachary , Bakhtiyar Syed Shahyan , Orellana Manuel , Kronen Elsa , Bowens Nina , Benharash Peyman
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Despite advancements in revascularization procedures, early amputation (EA) among patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) are still common. The present study evaluated clinical outcomes of patients with CLTI and factors associated with EA.

Methods

The 2016-2019 Nationwide Readmission Database was queried to identify all adults (≥18 years) with CLTI of lower extremities undergoing limb salvage (LS) procedures. The primary outcome of the study was EA within 90 days of discharge. Secondary outcomes included infectious complication, length of stay (LOS), cumulative hospitalization cost and non-home discharge.

Results

Of 103,703 patients who initially underwent surgical or endovascular revascularization, 10,439 (10.1%) subsequently underwent major amputation within 90 days of discharge. Following risk adjustment, factors associated with higher odds of EA were male sex, low-income quartile, tissue loss due to ulceration or gangrene, end-stage renal disease, and diabetes. Compared to those undergoing open revascularization, patients with endovascular limb salvage had a higher likelihood of having early amputation (AOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.31-1.51). Patients undergoing EA had greater odd of infectious complication, incremental LOS, incremental cost and non-home discharge.

Conclusions

We identified several risk factors to be associated with EA in patients with CLTI. These findings may supplement the objective performance goals for limb-related outcomes and facilitate institutional limb salvage programs.
Design Thinking for Organizational Innovation at PepsiCo
Authors: Magistretti Stefano , Dell’Era Claudio , Cautela Cabirio , Kotlar Josip
Published: May 2023

While design thinking has gained popularity in product innovation, scholars argue that design thinking can also trigger and sustain organizational innovation. This study investigates the adoption of design thinking in the Design+Innovation unit at PepsiCo. It reveals nine design thinking practices that enable organizational innovation: valorizing personal attitudes and desires, engaging stakeholders in the design discourse, leveraging the design unit as an agent of change, fostering abductive reasoning, empowering decision making through prototypes, crafting proof points, absorbing external viewpoints, searching for co-conspirators, andaligning personal and organizational purposes.
Sliding mode control based on RBF neural network for a class of underactuated systems with input quantization and event-triggering
Authors: Ji Ning , Liu Jinkun
Published: May 2023

In network control, signal transmission between each system component is carried out through the communication network. Since the bandwidth of the network is limited, quantization is a vital and fundamental technology used to convert the continuous signal to an approximate signal with a finite number of discrete value levels. Furthermore, event-triggering is an effective method to reduce signal transmission frequency in network control. Input signal quantization and event-triggering are considered simultaneously in this study for a class of underactuated systems. First, the logarithmic quantizer is used to quantize the input signal, and then the quantized input signal is further processed by the event-triggered mechanism based on the fixed threshold strategy. Adopting the proposed adaptive control scheme with the aid of radial basis function (RBF) neural network-based sliding mode control, the states of the closed-loop system are guaranteed to be bounded, and the control goals can be achieved. Finally, the control effect is shown through the numerical simulations.
The presence of a social context increases support for redistribution: Inequality aversion and risk aversion
Authors: Kato Junko , Takesue Hirofumi
Published: May 2023

Social insurance motivations consider the welfare of others who are in potentially unfavorable situations. However, their role in increasing support for redistribution is not yet fully understood. The experiment reported here examined distributional decisions in which participants determined income distribution without being informed to which income class they would belong. This was contrasted with decisions made in lottery situations. Lottery decisions had the same risk for oneself, but they lacked a social context, namely the influence on the incomes of others. Less risky (more equal) decisions were observed in distributional decisions than in lottery decisions. Further, the selection of equality in distributional decisions (but not the risk aversion observed in lottery decisions) was positively correlated with support for welfare policies, which had been measured by a pre-experiment survey. This study observed the critical role of social context, which promotes the consideration of the welfare of others in fostering support for redistribution.
Comparison of complement consumption and platelet accumulation between membrane oxygenators coated with a polymer or heparin
Authors: Tagaya Masashi , Murataka Takuo , Okano Shinya , Handa Hiroki , Takahashi Shunsuke
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The membrane oxygenator in extracorporeal circulation circuits is coated with acrylate-copolymer (ACP) or immobilized heparin (IHP) to enhance hemocompatibility. To evaluate the relative features of both coatings, we compared blood components circulated in the circuits with ACP-and IHP-coated membranes in vitro using whole human blood.

Methods

Whole human blood was heparinized and circulated in two experimental circuits with an ACP-coated reservoir, tubes, and an ACP- or IHP-coated membrane. Platelet (PLT) counts and the amount of total protein (TP), complement component 3 (C3), and complement component 4 (C4) were measured at 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 h in each experiment ( n = 5).

Results

The PLT count at 0-h circulation was lower in the IHP-coated than in the ACP-coated circuits ( p = 0.034); however, no significant difference was observed at other time points. Reduction in TP at 8-h and 16-h circulation and in C3 at 32-h circulation was lesser in the ACP-coated than in the IHP-coated circuits ( p = 0.004, 0.034, and 0.027, respectively); reduction in TP and C3 at other time points and C4 at each time point was not significantly different. There were significant interactions between coating type and circulation duration in the PLT, TP, and C3 transitions ( p = 0.008, 0.020, and 0.043, respectively).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that ACP-coated membranes can prevent the initial drop in PLT count and C3 consumption over 32 h, whereas IHP-coated membranes could not prevent this drop in extracorporeal circulation. Therefore, ACP-coated membranes are suitable for short- and long-term extracorporeal life support.
Effectiveness of Moral Developmental Interventions for Youth Engaged in Delinquent Behavior: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Heynen Evelyn , Hoogsteder Larissa , van Vugt Eveline , Schalkwijk Frans , Stams Geert-Jan , Assink Mark
Published: May 2023

There is vast empirical evidence showing that juvenile delinquency is associated with delays in moral development, including moral judgment, empathy, and self-conscious emotions (guilt and shame). Consequently, interventions have been developed that target moral development of juvenile delinquents to reduce criminal offense recidivism. However, a comprehensive synthesis of studies examining the effectiveness of these interventions was not yet available. The present meta-analysis of (quasi-)experimental research therefore examined the effects of interventions that target moral development of youth engaged in delinquent behavior. Interventions that targeted moral judgment (11 studies and 17 effect sizes) showed a significant and small-to-medium effect on moral judgment ( d = 0.39), with intervention type as a significant moderator, but no significant effect on recidivism ( d = 0.03; 11 studies and 40 effect sizes). No (quasi-)experimental studies were found that targeted guilt and shame in juvenile offenders, and an insufficient number of studies (i.e., only two) were found to conduct a meta-analysis of interventions that target empathy. The discussion focuses on potential ways to improve moral development interventions for youth engaged in delinquent behavior, and provides suggestions for future research.
Keeping in touch: Looked after children and young people’s views on their contact arrangements
Authors: Selwyn Julie , Lewis Shirley
Published: May 2023

Research reviews of the contact arrangements for children in care have highlighted gaps in evidence. Using data from 9,316 looked after children in England and Wales aged four to 18 years, the analysis aimed to gain an understanding of children’s views of their contact arrangements. Data came from the Your Life, Your Care wellbeing surveys distributed by 42 English and Welsh local authorities between 2016 and 2020. The analysis confirmed some previous findings but challenged others. While previous UK research has emphasised that the quality of contact is more important than frequency, from the young people’s perspective frequency was equally important. Most children wanted more contact with specific individuals (and their pets) to understand why decisions had been made and wanted contact to be normalised and in the community at times to suit their and their family’s circumstances. Children in kinship placements more frequently had contact, but a quarter of the sample had no parental contact. Being in residential care, male and of an ethnic minority background were associated with dissatisfaction. Life satisfaction was not associated with whether parental contact was or was not occurring but was statistically associated with whether young people felt their contact arrangements were ‘Just right’. Recommendations for improving practice and a tool to help agencies audit their services have been developed.
The multiple geographies of constrained labour agency
Authors: Coe Neil M , Jordhus-Lier David C
Published: May 2023

This article critically evaluates the burgeoning work on labour agency in human geography over the past decade. We review efforts to distinguish varied forms of labour agency and locate them in different social contexts. In so doing, we identify certain disjunctures in the cross-case conceptualisation of labour agency and propose a morphogenetic approach to structure-agency dynamics in the world of work. In turn, we then address the lack of explicit reflection on the geographies inherent to labour agency. Four temporal moments are highlighted as central to the spatialities of worker actions, as well as to their structural constraints and outcomes.
Real-Time Framework to Predict Crash Likelihood and Cluster Crash Severity
Authors: Islam Md Rakibul , Abdel-Aty Mohamed , Islam Zubayer , Abdelraouf Amr
Published: May 2023

This study proposes a three-stage framework for real-time crash likelihood and severity prediction. Firstly, a real-time crash likelihood prediction model was developed. Secondly, a real-time crash severity clustering model was proposed to cluster the crashes into different severity levels. Thirdly, a severity clustering validation model was developed to assess the performance of the proposed severity clustering model. Extensive data processing techniques were employed to collect real-time features from State Road 408 in Orlando, Florida, and a total of 6,750,072 events (625 crash events and 6,749,447 non-crash events) along with 24 real-time features were used. To develop the crash likelihood prediction model, nine machine-learning techniques were attempted, and the convolutional neural network model was found to provide the best result with respect to the sensitivity (0.916), false alarm rate (0.111), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.967). Davies–Bouldin index criteria were used to find the detector location that generated the most accurate traffic information to cluster the crashes into severity levels, and based on this traffic information, k-means clustering was applied to develop the severity clustering model. Finally, a severity clustering validation model was developed after investigating nine machine-learning techniques to validate the developed severity clustering model, and the decision tree model provided the best results based on three levels of sensitivity and specificity values. The developed framework has the potential to help traffic management centers to warn road users or develop transportation systems management and operations strategies in real time to avoid crashes or minimize the severity and, thus, can significantly contribute to improving road safety.
Camrelizumab as adjuvant therapy in urothelial carcinomas after radical surgery in people living with HIV
Authors: Wu Menghua , Pang Yuefeng , Zheng Xin , Zhao Jimao
Published: May 2023

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective strategies for multiple cancers and may be safe in people living with HIV (PLWH). Camrelizumab is a monoclonal antibody against PD-1 activating T cells against tumor cells. Evidence of camrelizumab’s safety and activity in PLWH with urothelial carcinoma (UC) is lacking. Here, findings in a cohort of people living with HIV with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma are presented.

Methods

Patients who had locally advanced or metastatic disease after radical surgery were given camrelizumab (200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks). The primary endpoint was objective response per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. The second endpoint was adverse events after treatment.

Results

In total, nine patients were included in this study with a median follow-up of 6.2 months (4.1–20.5). The objective response rate achieved 55%. Tumor response comprised 2 (22%) complete responses and 3 (33%) partial responses. The median of progression-free survival was 6.2 months (95% CI, 9.83–20.63). Only two grade 3 adverse reactions were reported (no toxic deaths or immune-related deaths).

Conclusion

Camrelizumab showed potent antitumor activity and acceptable safety in PLWH with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
Adventures in Naming EBD Realities: How Words Matter for Special Education
Authors: Kauffman James M. , Anastasiou Dimitris , Burke Mack D. , Felder Marion , Hornby Garry , Lopes Joao , Wiley Andrew
Published: May 2023

General labels tend to obscure objective realities upon which disability rights are based and can deny individuals with disabilities their educational and civil rights. Undoubtedly, stigma can come from labels unnecessarily categorizing people into separate groups. However, stigma does not reside primarily in disability categories/terms but in what people think of words’ referents. The replacement of the old disability categories/terms with new ones is a case of what is called the “euphemism treadmill,” showing how concepts and mentally represented realities, not words, are the key issue. However, in the case of disabilities, scientific names are unavoidable for the purposes of research, education, advocacy, and social welfare. Some people try to avoid naming special education and its derivatives just as they do in the case of disability categories. We argue that scientifically validated disability and special education labels are necessary and legitimate classifications required for progress in disability research and practice. They provide the most direct route to legally protecting and serving individuals with educational disabilities.
Research Progress of Multiple Primary Malignancies Associated With Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Cui Yu , Ren Wenxia , Du Xue , Yang Lu , Tan Bangxian
Published: May 2023

With the improvement in survival of patients with tumors, and continuous advancement of diagnostic technology and treatment modalities, instances of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) are becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. The occurrence of esophageal-relevant MPMs increases the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment, and the overall prognosis is poor. Esophageal cancer related-MPMs tend to occur in areas such as the head, neck, stomach, and lungs. “Field cancerization” is one theoretical basis for the disease, and chemoradiotherapy, environmental life factors, and gene polymorphism are etiological factors. However, the influence of new therapeutic methods on MPM is still unclear, and the relationship between gene polymorphism and MPMs related to esophageal cancer needs further elucidation. Additionally, there is a lack of unified standards for diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to review the causes, clinical features, and prognostic factors of MPMs related to esophageal cancer.
Effects of Parental Involvement on Glycemic Control in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
Authors: Yamaguchi Miku , Honda Junko , Fukui Minae
Published: May 2023

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is typically diagnosed in pediatric patients. Transitioning from supported management in childhood to self-management in adolescence is an important step. Parental psychosocial influence is a possible factor in adolescents’ disease control. This review summarized the effects of parental involvement on glycemic control in adolescents with T1DM by focusing on hemoglobin A1c (HgbAIc). A scoping review per the Guidance for Systematic Scoping Reviews was conducted with the following inclusion criteria: (a) studies in English, (b) focused on adolescents with T1DM, (c) outcomes included HgbAIc, and (d) focused on parental influence of children with T1DM. Of 476 articles, 14 were included. The study outcomes were classified based on direct or indirect influence. “Parental support for adherence” and “parental conflict” significantly affected HgbAIc control. This study provides current evidence on parental influence on glycemic control in adolescents.
The dead pig's photo album: Affective visual rituals in collective identity formation
Authors: Kirby Daniel , Özkula Suay M.
Published: May 2023

Recent research on visually mediated activism has focused on visual practices as forms of political expression. Conversely, this article will demonstrate that visuality is not only used for protest mobilisation, but that it also plays a significant role in solidifying movement-internal collective identity through a set of distinct visual rituals that produce a shared understanding through affect. Based on an ethnography of everyday visual practices and social experiences of visuality (online and offline) in the Save Movement's ‘Pig Save’ protest events, we identify three forms of affective visual rituals: (1) witnessing; (2) mourning; and (3) semiotic rituals. We argue that these visual rituals are not only expressions of shared values, but construct collective political identity through backstage visual emotion work (affect).
Dynamic characteristics of asymmetrically supported cylindrical roller bearing–rotor coupled system considering variable compliance vibration
Authors: Hu Chunzheng , Song Haitao , Liu Yi , Liu Heng , Wang Fengtao
Published: May 2023

This article provides a dynamic model of a cylindrical roller bearing–rotor system by combining the finite element method of the rotor and the interaction between the components of the bearing to study the dynamic response of the rotor with asymmetric support mode. The shaft is discretized by beam elements with five degrees of freedom. The bearing inner ring is consolidated with the journal of the shaft. The simulation results show that variable compliance vibration can stimulate resonance of the rotor in the sub-critical speed region. The variable compliance vibration of the rolling bearings does not occur synchronously on both sides of the asymmetric supported rotor. The increase in radial load and clearance exacerbates variable compliance vibration, while rotor imbalance has a smaller impact on variable compliance vibration. Usually, the presented coupled model can be applied to the comprehensive analysis of the vibration characteristics of all components in any cylindrical roller bearing–rotor system.
Association of Comorbidity With Healthcare Utilization in People Living With Dementia, 2010–2019: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yingyang , Luo Hao , Lum Terry YS , Knapp Martin , Vetrano Davide L , Chui Celine CS , Wang Pengcheng , Wong Gloria HY
Published: May 2023

Evidence on the healthcare utilization associated with comorbidity in people with dementia is lacking in Chinese societies. This study aimed to quantify healthcare utilization associated with comorbidity that is common in people living with dementia. We conducted a cohort study using population-based data from Hong Kong public hospitals. Individuals aged 35+ with a dementia diagnosis between 2010 and 2019 were included. Among 88,151 participants, people with at least two comorbidities accounted for 81.2%. Estimates from negative binomial regressions showed that compared to those with one or no comorbid condition other than dementia, adjusted rate ratios of hospitalizations among individuals with six or seven and eight or more conditions were 1.97 [98.75% CI, 1.89–2.05] and 2.74 [2.63–2.86], respectively; adjusted rate ratios of Accident and Emergency department visits among individuals with six or seven and eight or more conditions were 1.53 [1.44–1.63] and 1.92 [1.80–2.05], respectively. Comorbid chronic kidney diseases were associated with the highest adjusted rate ratios of hospitalizations (1.81 [1.74–1.89]), whereas comorbid chronic ulcer of the skin was associated with the highest adjusted rate ratios of Accident and Emergency department visits (1.73 [1.61–1.85]). Healthcare utilization for individuals with dementia differed substantially by both the number of comorbid chronic conditions and the presence of some specific comorbid conditions. These findings further highlight the importance of taking account of multiple long-term conditions in tailoring the care approach and developing healthcare plans for people with dementia.
Stenting of the Common Carotid Artery Ostium: Balloon Catheter Lifting-Up Technique With a Gooseneck Snare
Authors: Terakado Toshitsugu , Matumaru Yuji , Ishikawa Eiichi
Published: May 2023

Endovascular revascularization of a stenotic lesion requires appropriate stent positioning. In particular, stenting of the common carotid artery (CCA) ostium makes it difficult to avoid proptosis into the aorta. Furthermore, the guiding catheter may become unstable during the stenting because of its position under the aortic arch. To resolve these problems, we performed antegrade stenting for a patient with a symptomatic stenotic left CCA ostium that was treated by lifting a balloon-guiding catheter with a gooseneck snare. Our patient was a 74-year-old man who presented to the hospital with main complaints of right hemiparesis and motor aphasia. A left cerebral infarction due to severe stenotic left CCA ostium was diagnosed. A CT perfusion study showed decreased cerebral blood flow in the left hemisphere. Stenting of the stenotic left CCA ostium was performed using an antegrade approach. A balloon-guiding catheter positioned under the aortic arch was inflated and lifted from the right brachiocephalic artery using a gooseneck snare. The guiding catheter was stabilized during stenting. This method is highly effective for stenting CCA ostium.
Exploring Campus Recreation Employees’ Work Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jang Incheol , Woo Mina , Hazzaa Rammi , Welty Peachey Jon
Published: May 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic made vulnerable work environments, and campus recreation departments could not avoid its influence. Previous studies focused on strategies and policies for reopening campus recreation facilities and the impacts of recreation programs on students and participants during the pandemic. Relatively little research has explored employees’ perceptions about campus recreation departments’ challenges and solutions, and employees’ work experience during the pandemic has not been fully explored. This study explored employees’ work experience related to burnout during the pandemic through semi-structured interviews with campus recreation employees ( N  =  10). The findings revealed stressors, including extra workload, and lack of interaction, and burnout symptoms, including exhaustion, and cynicism. The findings also revealed that employees utilized individual strategies to manage stressors, and the department made efforts to reduce employees’ stress. The findings of this study will provide campus recreation practitioners with a better understanding of employees’ experience related to burnout.
To sleep or not to sleep? No effect of sleep on contextual word learning in younger adults
Authors: Schimke Emma AE , Copland David A , Gomersall Sjaan R , Angwin Anthony J
Published: May 2023

This study investigated the effect of sleep on novel word learning through reading context. Seventy-four healthy young adults attended two testing sessions, with either overnight sleep (sleep group) or daytime wakefulness (wake group) occurring between the sessions. At the initial learning session, participants identified the hidden meanings of novel words embedded within sentence contexts and were subsequently tested on their recognition of the novel word meanings. A recognition test was also conducted at the delayed session. The analyses revealed comparable recognition of novel word meanings for the sleep and wake group at both the initial and the delayed session, indicating that there was no benefit of sleep compared with wakefulness for novel word learning through context. Overall, this study highlights the critical influence of encoding method on sleep-dependent learning, where not all forms of word learning appear to benefit from sleep for consolidation.
Rampant Abstraction as a Strategy of Singularization: Genre on Spotify
Authors: Krogh Mads
Published: May 2023

If processes of categorization are central to cultural sociology, then current developments as regards genre formation in the realm of music-streaming services call for attention. A double process of computerized genre analysis (producing a potentially infinite array of categories) and increasingly context-specific music recommendation (accommodating a vision of limitless personalization) challenges established, scene- and identity-based ideas about genre, as developed in popular-music studies. Drawing on Reckwitz’s (2020) theory of the society of singularities, this article argues for considering this double process as the intersection of the logics of, respectively, the general and the particular. These logics are mediated by a dynamic sense of abstraction, involved in processes of labelling, enabling levels of generality while manifesting a potential for concretion. The increased scope, acceleration, and dynamicity of such abstraction mark genre formation in digital times. The article makes this argument looking particularly at the case of Spotify – market leader and front runner in the noted developments – as a basis for engaging broader questions about musical genre theory in the context of digitized culture and current conditions of musical life.
Long-term patient-reported outcome measures of fingertip coverage with a homodigital unipedicle neurovascular island flap
Authors: Rob Edouard , Druel Thibault , Jalaguier Thomas , Walch Arnaud , Gazarian Aram
Published: May 2023

We report the long-term patient-reported outcomes and objective outcomes of a homodigital neurovascular island flap for distal phalangeal amputations in the fingers (with the thumb excluded) for 20 patients at a median follow-up of 4.4 years (IQR 2.2 to 12.3). We assessed the global subjective and aesthetic outcomes, range of motion, sensitivity and strength. The patient-reported median subjective global score was 7.5/10 points (IQR 7 to 9) and the aesthetic score was 8/10 points (IQR 8 to 9). Range of motion, sensitivity and strength were similar to the uninjured side. Stiffness was present in more than half of the cases; 14 patients had a hook nail deformity and seven patients reported symptomatic cold intolerance. At a long-term follow-up, the patient-reported outcome measures and objective outcomes of this flap are satisfactory and it is a safe and reliable flap.

Level of evidence: IV