bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetics of Huntington’s disease and related disorders: beyond triplet repeats
Authors: Burgunder Jean-Marc
Published: March 2024

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder due to a triplet repeat expansion in the HTT gene. The identification of this gene variation was a lengthy process, but it has since provided an explanation of clinical observations including the variability in age at onset observed across generations (phenomenon of anticipation). Further molecular genetic investigations have allowed the discovery of genes modifying the phenotype presenting differences in terms of age at the onset and course of the disease. Pathogenic gene variations have also been found in other diseases with a similar presentation, such as HD, allowing precise genetic diagnosis. This narrative review examines these data in the context of their historical development. Their implication in our understanding of these disorders and treatment modalities is also highlighted.
Rigid-flexible coupling poly (phenylene sulfide) fiber membrane: a highly stable chemical and thermal material for energy and environmental applications
Authors: Zhu Qixuan , Zhang Tao , Zhu Xiaoqing , Zhang Jia , Shan Minghui , Hu Zexu , Xu Guiyin , Zhu Meifang
Published: March 2024

The poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS) fiber membrane is composed of interwoven fibers, with a three-dimensional porous structure. The three-dimensional porous structure makes PPS fiber membranes have high porosity and large specific surface area, which stands out in the field of membrane separation. A PPS fiber is a high-performance fiber with excellent chemical and thermal stability. These characteristics allow PPS fiber membranes to be used in harsh membrane separation environments such as strong acids, alkalis, and high temperatures. However, the corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability of PPS fibers also make the preparation of PPS fibers and their membranes challenging. In this paper, the preparation method is summarized, including two direct methods to make a PPS fiber membrane: melt-blown spinning and melt electrostatic spinning, and two indirect methods: wet papermaking and weaving. Additionally, the applications of PPS fiber membranes are summarized in detail in energy and environmental fields, such as lithium-ion batteries, alkaline water electrolysis, air filtrations, chemical catalyst substrates, and oil-water separations. This review provides an insightful understanding of PPS fiber membrane preparation methods and the interconnections between these preparation methods and specific applications, thus laying a solid foundation for further advancing the range of PPS fiber membrane applications.
Paradox of possibilities: the rare landscape in the Asia Pacific Region
Authors: Jain Ritu , Wang Chiuhui Mary , Foster Lisa , Li Eileen Yangyang , Nishimura Yukiko , Tsang Kin Ping
Published: March 2024

The Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, home to 60% of the global population, has the highest number of Persons Living with a rare disease (PLWRD). To promote more equitable societies, the Asia Pacific rare disease Organization (APARDO), established in 2015, has been developing its regional position to promote collaboration, increase awareness among stakeholders, explore equitable and affordable diagnosis and treatment, and improve health outcomes and quality of life for all PLWRD. The APAC region’s heterogeneous population and complex healthcare environment pose distinctive challenges in addressing rare diseases. Through conferences, webinars, and contributions to global initiatives, APARDO is fostering connectivity and providing a platform as a part of the global rare disease (RD) community to address shared challenges. The development of APARDO to strengthen its global presence as the representative of the APAC RD region is vital for a more equitable world.
Feminist Encounters: Special Issue on Slow Intimacy
Authors: Gouws Amanda , Kruger Lou-Marié
Published: March 2024

Editorial: Special Issue on Slow Intimacy
… Trans … Forming … M/othering …
Authors: Murray Sally Ann
Published: March 2024

Finding inspiration in embodied life writing methodologies, the essay explores the fraught slow intimacies of mothering a trans child, now a young adult. The essay engages an experiential familial, in the sense of ‘family’ relations, but in seeking to process the uneasy forms of m/othering through trans allyship, the paper turns to a range of intellectual repertoires, both old familiars and newer strangers, hoping to shape ways of responding that re-home family gender troubles within wider communities of scholarly and creative thought, and reading. Wanting comfort in ideas, the author grapples and drifts, trying deliberately to open her heartmind to unbecoming methods and messy, queerying adjacencies that elude polarities, even push me aside, and admit to never completely representing the subject. Alongside conflicted negations/negotiations of mastery, then, the essay tries muted moves into intimate geographies of mutter, martyr, mater, matter, meta, all in a lived struggle ‘to look for a way out of the usual traps and impasses of binary formulations’ (Halberstam, 2011: 2) in search of deliberately fugitive, blurred intimations that place m/othering in difficult, witnessing relation with a transmasculine life lived at assertive gender variance.
Intimate Selves: A Poetic Inquiry into Self-Knowledge
Authors: Byrne Deirdre
Published: March 2024

This article uses poetic inquiry to explore the author’s experiences of the global COVID-19 pandemic, which brought about a State of Disaster in South Africa from 26 March 2020 to 5 April 2022. The author had, before the pandemic, been used to going to an office and interacting with colleagues every day, and was not used to spending long periods of time alone. The poetry presented in this article was written during, and about, time the author spent alone during the pandemic and afterwards. The methodology of poetic inquiry, which was introduced as a scholarly approach in the 1970s (Davis, 2023), is used to reflect on the poems. Poetic inquiry typically fashions a poem from research data, instead of presenting the data according to the conventional schema for reporting (for example, with separate sections for ‘Findings’, ‘Data Analysis’, and ‘Conclusions’). Advocates of poetic inquiry find it an apt method for reducing data to a much more manageable corpus. In addition, it enables researchers to include affect, and to use evocative figurative language. The article uses the author’s subjective experiences as research data, presents the poems crafted from them, and comments on the poetry.
‘Do You Think I Can Kill You?’ Exploring Intimate Femicide in South Africa and Why Intimacy Hurts So Much
Authors: Smith Charla
Published: March 2024

This article draws on two South African books published recently dealing with violence against women, namely Nechama Brodie’s Femicide in South Africa (2020), and Kopano Ratele’s Why Men Hurt Women and Other Reflections on Love, Violence and Masculinity (2022). Both authors explore strategies for the prevention of violence against women and this article supplements their strategies with an idea put forth by Hannah Arendt in The Life of the Mind (1978). The article argues that intimate femicide persists in South Africa, to an extent as a result of the construction of a certain type of ‘hard’, ‘patriarchal’, ‘traditional’ masculinity that cannot admit its own frailty, dependence, impotence and powerlessness, and attempts to conceal its needs by becoming violent. Arendt argues that violence and power are opposites and that equating male violence with power is a lie that violence perpetuates about itself. Arendt proposes that the antidote to this false mastery and control is the activity of thinking, as distinguished from knowing. The article argues that the activity of thinking acts as a brake on the fantasy of masculine mastery and control and can perhaps minimise violence.
Intimate Things, Remembrance, Elegiac Remnants
Authors: Ellis Jeanne
Published: March 2024

The embodied afterlife of the slow intimacy between wearer and worn is what makes the left-behind clothing of the beloved dead the memory-scented remnants of their life that we hold on to, wear, and wrap around ourselves for solace in an attempt to bring them back to us. It is not surprising, then, that the poetry of mourning or elegy, which is the focus of this article, is often shaped around such a mnemonic and metonymic intimate thing. But, as the poems discussed here intimate, the clothing of the dead also stirs less straightforward emotions and the conundrum of what to do with these remains sometimes surfaces love’s hidden ambivalence. Tracing the afterlives of these remnants in examples from life and literature, this article offers a feminist reflection on the variable textures and textualities of slow intimacy as wearing, mourning, and reading practice.
Some Melancholic Musings About the Slow Intimacy of Grief: ‘(M)y Story Always Arrives Late’
Authors: Kruger Lou-Marié
Published: March 2024

In this article I argue that while intimacy has to do with getting to know the other and showing what you know, the acknowledgment of not knowing and the insistence on forever wondering about the other, their impact on you, and your connection with them, is crucial. Intimacy then is about continuous processes of paying attention and getting to know as there always is more to know. This knowing may be impossible to show. I argue that during the process of grieving the elegy is an example of showing the not-knowing. I discuss this argument by presenting three individual elegies. In a postscript, the work of Judith Butler and Diana Fuss is used to argue that as social scientists, our work is to write elegies for the so-called ungrievables, those who typically are not known and not shown.
Ideology, Subject and Gender: Undoing Representations in the Thought of Teresa De Lauretis and Judith Butler
Authors: Dişci Zeliha
Published: March 2024

In Louis Althusser’s conception of ideology, the subject is linked to gender rules. However, the answer to the question of why there is a collaboration between ideology, subject, and gender is not found in Althusser. Political subjectivity and political struggle therefore remain trapped in class debates for Althusser. Judith Butler and Teresa De Lauretis, similarly situated in their understanding of subject, gender, and politics, extend Althusser’s perspective on ideology and subject to the construction of gender and understand gender as a kind of ideology. By emphasising the outside of ideology, they disrupt the collaboration between ideology and subject. They extend the economic level, in which Althusser was trapped, to the whole of social life. In this way, they turn life and every encounter in life into a space of possibility for overcoming gender representations and political emancipation.
The Polycrisis and the Centaur: Hegemony, Masculinity and Racialisation
Authors: Greig Alan
Published: March 2024

The multiplicity of crises that mark the contemporary era, the polycrisis, also constitutes a crisis of hegemony. This article explores the functions of gendered racialisation in elite management of this hegemonic crisis, with reference to Gramsci’s use of the figure of the Centaur, a hybrid of humanity and animality. It discusses the ways in which this hybrid evokes racialising tropes of human bestiality to express the dynamic interplay of consent and coercion through which hegemony is maintained. Moral panics in relation to the threat of the racialised male Other, variously figured as migrant, terrorist and/or criminal, draw on a bestialised humanisation of racialised masculinities in order to elicit consent to the exercise of coercive authority. Such authority in turn invokes a plasticity of excess/deficiency of the racialised male Other to sanction exclusionary and exterminatory violence. To seize the political opportunity of the current moment to reimagine gender justice and social justice together requires a deeper engagement with the deployment of racialised masculinities in securing consent to coercive authority amid the deepening polycrisis.
Sexuality and the Rise of China: The Post-1990s Gay Generation in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Mainland China
Authors: Liu Wen
Published: March 2024

Review of the book Sexuality and the Rise of China: The Post-1990s Gay Generation in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Mainland China, by Travis S. K. Kong.
Birthing Black Mothers
Authors: Estivalet Anelise Gregis
Published: March 2024

Review of the book Birthing Black Mothers, by Jennifer C. Nash.
Knowledge, Power, and Young Sexualities. A Transnational Feminist Engagement
Authors: Sabelis Ida
Published: March 2024

Review of the book Knowledge, Power, and Young Sexualities. A Transnational Feminist Engagement, by Tamara Shefer and Jeff Hearn.
Keanekaragaman Biota Tanah pada Kebun Kakao di Desa Parenring Kecamatan Lilirilau Kabupaten Soppeng
Authors: Lias Syamsul Arifin , Rhamadani Naurha , Jayadi Muh.
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the diversity of soil fauna based on the landscape and soil depth in the cocoa plantation in Parenring Village, Lilirilau District, Soppeng Regency. This research was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021 located on a cocoa plantation in Parenring Village, Lilirilau District, Soppeng Regency. This research was conducted by taking soil samples using the Systematic Sampling (SYS) method, using monolithic soil sampling and disturbed soil samples. The observation of soil biota, hand sorting and microscopy were used. Based on the research results, soil samples in the back area had the highest soil biota diversity (H' = 1.32), followed by the valley area (H' = 1.29) and the middle area (H' = 1.18). Soil biota diversity is included in the medium criteria.
Karakteristik Fisik Lahan pada Kawasan Lindung DAS Cisangkuy
Authors: Kusumawardani Mawar , Sulastri Neng Wati Ana
Published: March 2024

Cisangkuy Watershed has a function as the water catchment area and the buffer area for environmental safety of Bandung Raya. It carrying capacity status is a restored watershed. One attempt to restore carrying capacity is with the forest and land rehabilitation program. Forming a precise forest and land rehabilitation progam should be supported by data. This study aimed to analyze land physical characteristics in protected area of Cisangkuy Watershed. The method used was overlay technique and descriptive anaysis from spatial data; watersed boundary, topography, soil type, protected area, and critical land; and  tabular data of soil characteristics. Texture characteristic of the soils in this area is dominated by clay texture. Soil type with the largest area are Typic Hapludolls - Andic Hapludolls - Oxic Dystropept (2.692,76 ha; 35,16 %) and Oxic Humitropepts - Typic Eutropepts (2.138,43 ha; 27,92 %). Hydrological Soil Group (HSG) classification of the soils varies into A class and B class. The topography characteristics of the area are Rather Steep (16-25 %) and Very Steep (>40%). Area with a slope > 40 % is about 92,96 % of the total protected area.
Pemetaan Kesesuaian Lahan Desa Tonasa Kecamatan Tombolo Pao untuk Tanaman Hortikultura
Authors: Safir Mujahidah , Jayadi Muh. , Neswati Risma
Published: March 2024

Lahan yang sesuai untuk usaha pertanian adalah lahan yang mempunyai kecocokan antara potensi lahandengan syarat tumbuh optimal suatu jenis tanaman pertanian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukandan memetakan kelas kesesuaian lahan sayur-sayuran (hortikultura) khususnya tanaman kentang, tomat,dan kubis di Desa Tonasa Kecamatan Tombolo Pao. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatifdengan menggunakan pendekatan faktor pembatas sederhana. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secarapurposive sampling berdasarkan peta unit lahan yang terdiri dari empat unit lahan, pada sistem lahan Barong Tongkok (BTK) dan Tanggamus (TGM). Kriteria kesesuaian lahan yang digunakan adalah kriteria menurut Djaenuddin et al. (2011). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual di lokasi penelitian untuk tanaman kentang tergolong sesuai marginal (S3) seluas 2.037 Ha (100%) dengan faktor pembatas retensi hara yaitu pH. Untuk tanaman tomat sebagian tergolong cukup sesuai (S2) seluas 1.778 Ha (87,29%) dengan faktor pembatas ketersediaan air yaitu curah hujan dan kelembaban; retensi hara yaitu kejenuhan basa dan pH; bahaya erosi yaitu lereng serta sebagian tergolong S3 seluas 259 Ha (12,71%) dengan faktor pembatas retensi hara yaitu pH. Untuk tanaman kubis tergolong S3 seluas 2.037 Ha (100 %) dengan faktor pembatas retensi hara yaitu kejenuhan basa dan pH. Desa Tonasa Kecamatan Tombolo Pao memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan tanaman hortikultura yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil analisis kesesuaian lahan aktual untuk tanaman kentang (S3), tomat (S2 dan S3), dan kubis (S3). Kelas kesesuaian lahan potensial tergolong S2 untuk tanaman kentang, tomat, dan kubis dengan faktor pembatas kelembaban.
EMERGENCES OF GULON INFORMAL SETTLEMENT IN SURAKARTA CITY: PERSPECTIVES ON THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE AND RHYTHMANALYSIS
Authors: Aguntar Yosua Wiba , Saputro Hikari Dwi
Published: March 2024

Increasing population growth and limited residential land occur in most urban areas in Indonesia. The government has well-observed regional spatial planning (RTRW) and regulations, but there are often deviations, such as the emergence of informal settlements. This study seeks to clarify the background of the establishment of informal settlement through the production of space theory and identify how society shapes the rhythm of life in producing space. Data collection is carried out by observation, interview, participatory mapping, and temporal imagery. This research uses progressive regressive methods with the production of space theory perspective and rhythmanalysis. Rhythmanalysis is used to complement the exposition of the production of space theory. It is known that the settlement space began to be formed in 2004. Residents interpret the Gulon informal settlement location as a strategic and effective cheap livelihood location. This choice of place to live is further strengthened by the similarity of the community's economic conditions which are increasingly deteriorating, made worse by the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. This situation encourages interaction in the rhythm of people's lives so that the concept of residential space is formed. Polyrhythmics strengthen the phenomenon of space utilization.
Kelayakan Hair Tonic Daun Pare (Momordica Charantia L) Untuk Perawatan Rambut Rontok
Authors: Safitri Mayang , Novelni Ringga
Published: March 2024

Daun pare (Momordica Charantia L) dapat digunakan sebagai bahan utama untuk membuat tonik rambut karena daun pare mengandung flavonoid dan vitamin C yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif untuk mengatasi kerontokan rambut. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah Untuk a) untuk mengetahui cara pembuatan daun pare sebagai hair tonic, b) untuk mengetahui kelayakan hair tonic daun pare dilihat dari kandungan kimia seperti flavonoid dan vitamin C, c) untuk mengetahui kelayakan hair tonic dilihat dari evaluasi sediaan seperti uji organoleptik dan pH, d) untuk mengetahui kelayakan hair tonic dilihat dari uji hedonik (kesukaan panelis terhadap hair tonic daun pare), e) untuk mengetahui kelayakan daun pare dijadikan hair tonic. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Tempat untuk melakukan uji kandungan flavonoid dan vitamin C dan pH, penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium FMIPA UNP dan Labor Farmasi Universitas Perintis Indonesia. Sasaran penelitiannya adalah daun pare yang diolah menjadi tonik rambut untuk mengatasi kerontokan rambut. Kelayakan Daun Pare sebagai hair tonic dinilai dari uji labor, uji organoleptic dan uji hedonic. Hingga 7 orang di ruang diskusi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan menunjukkan persentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, pada penelitian ini sediaan daun pare dibuat dalam bentuk cair, kandungan flavonoid daun pare sebesar 16 mg/100 g (1,63 %), dan Vitamin C sebesar (33,24 %). Berdasarkan uji organoleptik menunjukkan indikator bau memperoleh nilai 71% kategori berbau khas daun pare, indikator warna memperoleh nilai 71% kategori berwarna coklat tua, indikator daya serap memperoleh nilai 71% kategori cukup menyerap. Kelayakan hair tonic daun pare dilihat dari hasil uji hedonik (kesukaan panelis) memperoleh nilai 57% kategori suka. peneliti berharap  untuk jurusan tata rias dan kecantikan, hasil penelitian tentang kesesuaian tonik rambut daun pare untuk rambut rontok ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan untuk penelitian selanjutnya dan dapat disempurnakan.
Hubungan Fleksibilitas Bahu dengan Hasil Shooting pada Atlet Petanque DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Istikomah Nur , Pelana Ramdan , Yuliasih  , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep , Oktafiranda Nadya Dwi
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan fleksibilitas bahu dengan hasil shooting pada atlet petanque DKI Jakarta. Metode penelitian yaitu metode deskriptif dengan teknik korelasional pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran fleksibilitas bahu ROM (range of motion) pada bahu terdiri fleksi (X₁) dan ekstensi (X₂) dengan hasil shooting (Y) dalam tes shooting game jarak 7,5 m section 1. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet petanque DKI Jakarta sebanyak 129 atlet dan sampel sebanyak 24 atlet dengan menggunakan teknik Purpossive Sampling dengan kriteria tertentu. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan pengukuran. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan dalam hipotesis pertama, ttabel pada taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 dengan dk = 22 sebesar 2,074. Dari hasil perhitung diperoleh thitung 4.0396 > ttabel 2,074, maka koefisien korelasi signifikan. Dengan demikian terdapat hubungan variabel X₁ (Fleksi) dengan variabel Y (Hasil Shooting Petanque). Hipotesis kedua, ttabel pada taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 dengan dk = 22 sebesar 2,074. Dari hasil perhitung diperoleh thitung 2,141 > ttabel 2,074, maka koefisien korelasi signifikan. Dengan demikian terdapat hubungan  variabel X₂ (Ekstensi) dengan variabel Y (Hasil Shooting Petanque). Hipotesisi ketiga, ftabel pada taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 dengan df₁ = 2, df₂ = 21 sebesar 3,47. Dari hasil perhitung diperoleh fhitung 9,657 > 3,47 ftabel , maka koefisien korelasi signifikan. Dengan demikian terdapat hubungan variabel X₁ (Fleksi) dan X₂ (Ekstensi) dengan variabel Y (Hasil Shooting Petanque).
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 23 февраля по 1 марта 2024 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Гусева Наталья , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: March 2024

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 Omicron вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 23 февраля по 1 марта 2024 г
Pola Pertumbuhan dan Faktor Kondisi Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus japonicus) di Perairan Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung
Authors: Utami Endang Sri , Wijayanti Arlin , Qulubi M. Hadziq
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKIkan kurisi merupakan hasil tangkapan yang cukup melimpah di Pelabuhan Perikanan Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung Timur. Harga ikan kurisi relatif terjangkau bagi masyarakat lokal ataupun internasional. Beralihnya masyarakat dari konsumsi daging merah ke ikan menyebabkan tingginya permintaan akan ketersediaan ikan kurisi. Peningkatan penangkapan ikan kurisi di Labuhan Maringgai menyebabkan diperlukannya langkah lebih lanjut terkait informasi aspek biologi ikan sehingga terbentuk pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi ikan kurisi (Nemipterus japonicus) di Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung Timur. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Bulan November 2023 – Januari 2024 dengan tiga kali pengamatan. Sebaran frekuensi panjang total ikan kurisi di Labuhan Maringgai memiliki kisaran panjang dan berat masing-masing 115 – 230 mm dan 18 – 159 g. Ukuran panjang ikan terbanyak berada pada selang kelas 147 – 162 mm. Hasil analisis panjang berat menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan ikan kurisi memiliki sifat alometrik negatif dengan persamaan W = 0.004 L1.89. Fungsi fisiologis ikan kurisi di perairan Labuhan Maringgai berada pada kondisi yang baik berdasarkan nilai rata-rata faktor kondisi (Kn) sebesar 1.06. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa ekosistem perairan sebagai habitat ikan berada dalam keadaan baik yang dimungkinkan karena cukupnya ketersediaan makanan dan faktor abiotik lainnya. Kata Kunci: faktor kondisi, ikan kurisi, Labuhan Maringgai, pola pertumbuhanABSTRACTJapanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicus) is a fairly abundant catch at the Labuhan Maringgai Fishing Port, East Lampung. The species is relatively affordable for local and international community. Switching from red meat to fish consumption has led to a high demand for the availability of this species. The increase in threadfin bream fishing has required further steps related to information on biological aspects of species to ensure a sustainable fisheries management. This study aims to determine the growth patterns and condition factors of Japanese threadfin bream. Data were collected in November 2023 to January 2024 with three observations. The species frequency distribution has a length and weight range of 115 – 230 mm and 18 – 159 g, respectively. Most of the fish lengths were in 147 to 162 mm class interval. The results of length-weight analysis show the growth pattern of the species has a negative allometric (W = 0.004 L1.89). The physiological function of the species is in good condition based on the average condition factor (Kn) of 1.06. This explains the aquatic ecosystem as a fish habitat is in good condition, which is possible due to the sufficient availability of food and other abiotic factors.Key words: condition factor, growth pattern, Japanese threadfin bream, Labuhan Maringgai
Diversity and Abundance of Plankton From Peunaga, Cut Ujong Estuary, Meulaboh, West Aceh
Authors: Lisdayanti Eka , Hermawan Eko Perbowo Dian , Darmarini Ananingtyas S , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Najmi Nurul
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThe research aims to determine the structure of the plankton community in the waters of Gampong Peunaga Cut Ujong, Meureubo, Meulaboh, West Aceh. The study was conducted in September 2023. The collection point consisted of 3 stations, and sampling was carried out at high tide with three repetitions. The filtering process uses a plankton net with a mesh size of 30 µm. Phytoplankton at the research location consists of five classes, namely Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Dinophyceae. Meanwhile, zooplankton consists of 7 groups consisting of Protozoa, Rotifera, Crustacea, Polychaeta, Gastropoda, Pelecypoda, and Nematoda. Phytoplankton has the highest percentage in the Bacillariophyceae class, reaching 71.7%, and the lowest 1% (Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Chlorophyceae). The abundance of phytoplankton at station three during the study ranged between 2,025,600 cells/m3 - 6,710,400 cells/m3 and zooplankton in the range of 23,400 ind/m3 - 33,480 ind/m3. The average diversity index (H') for phytoplankton was 1.04, the uniformity index (E) was 0.40, and the dominance index (C) was 0.50. Meanwhile, zooplankton has values H' (1.42), E (0.65), and D (0.36). To maintain the Peunaga estuary area as an ideal buffer area, it is recommended to regularly monitor the community structure of aquatic biota (plankton, benthos, and fish).Keywords: buffer ecosystem, community structure, dominance index, Navicula sp.
Guest Editorial: The Difference Between CO2 EOR and CCS Injection Well Metallurgy
Authors: Craig Bruce , Rowe Adam
Published: March 2024

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The recent surge in development of CO2 carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects has brought focus on the requirements for corrosion resistance in the injection wells as required by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) permitting.

In some cases, the long successful history of various metallurgies in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) wells has been cited as sufficient to allow the same completions for CCS injection wells. The lack of actual data on the long-term performance of these alloys in EOR wells in combination with the more stringent requirements for Class VI wells suggests otherwise.

Introduction

The recent significant influx of large amounts of government incentives for a variety of green initiatives including CCS and CCUS has created a rush to drill and complete CO2 injection wells. However, the necessary corrosion data to make informed choices for corrosion resistance in these wells is minimal at best. Some oil and gas professionals have argued that there is no difference between the more than 40 years of petroleum experience with CO2 EOR and planned CCS wells.

This comparison is not a valid one and can be risky considering the need for very long-term containment of CO2 required by regulators. This article presents a comparison between CO2 EOR and CCS for injection well metallurgy and explains why this comparison is invalid.

Background and Comparisons

There is a 50-year successful history of CO2 EOR in petroleum production that has led to a consensus, largely without merit, that corrosion of injection-well equipment is manageable and does not result in long-term degradation of certain components such as casing.

The reason there is little or no merit to applying this experience to CO2 CCS wells is the lack of data specific to the long-term corrosion resistance of casing that remains in the EOR wells. Rather, the industry generally simply plugs these wells with cement, and in the majority of cases without examining the casing before abandoning. Furthermore, industry rarely returns to inspect them after years of abandonment.

In a few instances, logging and retrieval of cement cores and casing have been performed and analyzed. For example, analysis of cement and casing from the SACROC field that had been exposed to CO2 for over 30 years showed corrosion along the casing-cement interface (Carey et al. 2007). Laumb et al. (2016) reported substantial casing corrosion for a CO2 EOR well in the Weyburn field based on a series of logs over several years. Koplos et al. (2007) provided survey data from numerous CO2 EOR wells and found that 11.1% of the wells failed mechanical integrity tests and concluded that injection-well mechanical integrity is a concern for CO2 injection and storage due to the corrosivity of CO2 on downhole materials.
7 Industry Leaders Share Their Insights on the Past, Present, and Future of Artificial Lift
Authors: Presley Jennifer
Published: March 2024

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In the past 25 years, the artificial lift industry has seen incredible changes, making hydrocarbon production smarter and more efficient. In this Q&A article, JPT talks with seven industry leaders from this field about its past, present, and future.

This conversation showcases the technological progress such as materials, digital tools, and automation and the strategic leadership that has guided the industry to new heights. Join us as we dive into the world of artificial lift and discover the innovation and expertise shaping the future of energy.

This roundtable Q&A includes the following participants:

- Greg Stephenson, chief production engineer, Occidental Petroleum

- Michael Romer, principal artificial lift engineer, ExxonMobil

- Laura Labrador, senior production engineer, Ecopetrol, and 2023–2024 chairman of the SPE Artificial Lift and Gas Well Deliquification Technical Section

- Shauna Noonan, Oxy Fellow and senior director global supply chain initiatives, Occidental Petroleum

- Jose Ernesto Jaua, global product champion, SLB

- Kevin Leslie, vice president artificial lift solutions, Weatherford International

- Dana Meadows, global portfolio director, artificial lift systems, Baker Hughes

JPT: Can you recall an experience, technical paper, or mentor that significantly influenced your early career in artificial lift? How did it shape your approach?

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Stephenson:

Numerous individuals impact my early career, the most noteworthy being Herald Winkler, who was in the first class of SPE’s Legends of Artificial Lift awarded in 2014. I traveled to my first ATCE in New Orleans as a first-year petroleum engineering student. I distinctly remember walking the exhibit floor and seeing this little guy get mobbed by people asking him questions. I asked one of my fellow students, ‘Who is that guy? Tom Cruise?’ He told me, ‘No. That’s Wink.’

I then learned that Wink was one of the pioneers of gas-lift technology and wrote the first definitive book on the subject. At that moment, I realized that artificial lift might offer a viable career path for me. Eventually, I got to know him personally, first as a student and then as an artificial lift professional.

One of the most impactful conversations I had with him was one in which he told me, ‘I am not a gas-lift expert. You cannot be an expert in gas lift—the field is too complex. I’m still learning things, and I’ve been doing this for over 60 years!’ That encounter taught me to be humble in approaching my craft and never assume I knew everything.
Top Year for High-Impact Global Exploration in the Cards
Authors: Wright Blake
Published: March 2024

This year is being viewed as a bounce-back period for high-impact oil and gas drilling after a lackluster 2023, with Africa and Latin America pegged to lead the way. Researchers at Rystad Energy have identified 36 potential high-impact wells to be drilled or spud in 2024, the highest annual total since it started tracking the market in 2015.

This year’s slate would mark a sizable jump from the 27 high-impact wells drilled in 2023. Of the 36 potentially significant wells, 13 are in Africa and 10 in Latin America, accounting for almost 64% of the global total. Explorers will drill six of these in Asia, two each in the Middle East, Europe, and North America, and one in Oceania with TotalEnergies’ planned exploration in Papua New Guinea.

Rystad found only eight of the 27 high-impact wells drilled in 2023 resulted in commercially movable volumes, a success rate of less than 30%, well below the annual average of 42%. These wells discovered volumes of 1 billion BOE, a sharp decline from the 3.5 billion BOE found in 2022, and they accounted for 20% of the 5 billion BOE discovered by all exploration activities globally last year.

In addition, 2023 was an expensive year, with drilling costs rising due to a significantly tighter rig market than in prior years, worsening the blow of a low success rate.

Rystad Energy classifies high-impact wells through a combination of factors including the size of the prospect, whether they would unlock new hydrocarbon resources in frontier areas or emerging basins, and their significance to an operator’s strategy.

Of the high-impact wells planned this year, 14 will be drilled in frontier and emerging basins, with three opening new plays entirely. Eight planned high-impact wells target prospective offshore resources of more than 430 million BOE and considerable prospective onshore resources of more than 230 million BOE, according to the research firm.

The remaining 11 wells are strategically relevant for their respective operators, meaning exploration success would help them gain traction in the region or inform future operational decisions.

If all planned wells proceed as scheduled, 2024 would see the highest number of high-impact wells drilled in at least 10 years.

Oil majors like BP, Chevron, Eni, ExxonMobil, Shell, and TotalEnergies will dominate high-impact well drilling. About 16 (44%) of the total wells planned will be drilled by these companies, with TotalEnergies planning five, Shell three, and Chevron, Eni, and ExxonMobil targeting two each. Most drilling will be undertaken in the Atlantic margin and Asian waters. National oil companies and internationally focused NOCs will account for eight (22%) of this year’s planned wells, with upstream operators responsible for 17% and smaller operators for the remainder, according to Rystad.

Around 70% of African wells will be drilled in frontier and emerging basins or will open new plays. Important frontier wells include in the Red Sea offshore Egypt, in the Angoche Basin offshore Mozambique, and in the Namibe Basin offshore Angola.
Technology Focus: Production Monitoring (March 2024)
Authors: Araujo Mariela
Published: March 2024

The oil and gas industry is leveraging technology to increase competitiveness while addressing sustainability goals, supply-chain disruptions, and regulatory standards. During the past 3 years, over half a million patents were granted for production monitoring. This progress has led to a shift toward integrated work flows, cloud-based platforms, resilient sensors, process simplification, and automation.

These advancements aim to enhance reservoir understanding, simplify monitoring programs, and reduce costs. Next-generation technologies are being progressively implemented to automate processes, modernize operations, and boost efficiency and production while meeting sustainability requirements. Data-set integration is becoming the key for comprehensively understanding reservoir behavior, which, in combination with the use of artificial intelligence and hybrid modeling for production analysis, results in faster informed decision-making.

The following are some examples of advances in the past year:

- Increased use of cloud-based platforms providing real-time data access, data visualization, analysis, and modeling and enabling remote operations

- New sensors with improved reliability able to operate in previously inaccessible environments showcased with promising results (e.g., clap-on ultrasonic electromagnetic multiphase meter, sensor ball)

- Downhole monitoring with tracers used to support well-cleanup operations and increase zonal productivity

- Innovative solutions to gather flow-profile information in challenging areas, such as the use of distributed temperature and acoustic sensing with thermal modeling in high-temperature wells

- Crosswell strain and production-profile interference testing in the Permian region, offering a holistic approach to reservoir monitoring through insights into fracture network dynamics at low cost and low risk

- New rapid solutions for production analysis from multitransverse wells providing key fracture and reservoir properties

- Advanced logging tools, such as the flow array sensing tool, successfully used in complex wells with high gas-to-liquid ratios

Overall, these advancements have improved our understanding of reservoir behavior, optimized production efficiency, and contributed to the goal of achieving a sustainable energy future.
Enzyme-Based Cleanup Fluid Effective for High-Temperature Filter-Cake Removal
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 214628, “Enzyme-Based Cleanup Fluid for High-Temperature Filter-Cake-Removal Applications,” by Ali A. Al-Taq, SPE, Hussain A. Al-Ibrahim, SPE, and Ali A. Alsalem, SPE, Saudi Aramco, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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Enzyme-based cleanup fluids are preferred for filter-cake-removal applications, especially in horizontal wells, because of several advantages compared with conventional cleanup fluids, including low reactivity, less corrosivity, more-positive environmental impact, and, ultimately, homogeneous filter-cake-removal coverage. Most enzyme-based cleanup fluids are limited to low temperatures. In the complete paper, the authors describe extensive laboratory work conducted to evaluate an enzyme-based/in-situ generated organic acid cleanup fluid for a water-based mud at a temperature of 250°F.

Experimental Work

Before describing their experimental methods, the authors provide a literature review in the complete paper detailing cleanup or removal of filter-cake damage, natural cleanup, acids and oxidizers, enzymes, enzyme-breaker systems, and factors influencing performance of enzyme breakers.

The drill-in fluids used to perform the high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) filter press tests were laboratory and field samples. The field samples were obtained from Well A. XC-polymer, starch, and PAC-L polymers were used in the drilling-fluid formulation to control fluid loss and to increase its viscosity. Potassium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH of the drilling fluid. Potassium chloride (KCl) was used to mitigate fines migration and clay swelling. Fine and medium calcium carbonate particles were used as weighting materials. Equipment used in the experiments included HP/HT filter-press cells, see-through cells, and a pendant-drop instrument.

The inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique was used to measure the concentration of calcium in the spent acid samples. Filter-cake solids before and after the reaction took place were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The concentrations of spent acid samples were measured by acid/base titration using 0.5-M sodium hydroxide solution and phenolphthalein solution as an indicator. Iodine tests were conducted on the treated filter-cake solids to examine the presence of starch. The pH and density were measured for various solutions.

Coreflood experiments were conducted on sandstone core plugs. The coreflood-test procedure is provided in the complete paper.
Technology Focus: Geothermal Energy (March 2024)
Authors: Okoroafor Rita Esuru
Published: March 2024

As the world seeks transformative solutions to ensure a sustainable energy future, there is a growing interest in geothermal energy because of its versatility and evolving technologies that enable the application of low-enthalpy fluids. One area where the untapped potential of geothermal energy has been realized is in harnessing thermal energy from abandoned or inactive oil and gas wells. Such wells could be exploited for electricity generation or direct use through well repurposing. Three innovative papers elucidate the challenges, complexities, applicability, and key operational considerations associated with repurposing abandoned or idle oil and gas wells for geothermal energy.

The first paper offers a comprehensive overview of 20 case studies from various countries, including actual and simulated cases. Downhole and surface parameters, including production scenarios, heat exchangers, circulation fluids, and power-generation efficiency, are meticulously examined. The investigation concludes with a positive outlook, highlighting the potential of producing geothermal energy from underused oil and gas wells.

The second paper delves into the technical and economic feasibility of repurposing oil and gas wells specifically for community heating through geothermal energy. The multidisciplinary approach involves a thorough analysis of physical, technical, economic, and environmental aspects. The results showcase the potential benefits of repurposing low-temperature wells for community heating, emphasizing the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of this approach.

The third paper introduces a geothermal assessment project conducted in an operational high-pressure/high-temperature field on the UK Continental Shelf. This innovative project uses a novel integrated work flow to assess the geothermal energy potential of offshore oil and gas assets and provides insights into CO2 emission reduction.

The life of oil and gas wells can be extended through repurposing for geothermal energy production. The findings underscore the technical viability, economic feasibility, and environmental benefits of oil and gas well repurposing, providing a promising avenue for transforming existing oil and gas resources and infrastructure into contributors to a cleaner and greener energy future.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 213068 A Robust Screening Tool To Repurpose Hydrocarbon Wells to Geothermal Wells in Oklahoma by Esteban R. Ugarte, University of Oklahoma, et al.

SPE 215554 A Feasibility Study of Geothermal Energy Extraction in the Baram Basin, Sarawak, Using Numerical Reservoir Simulation Based on Analog Data by M. Bataee, Curtin University Malaysia, et al.

SPE 212075 Geothermal Energy in the Caspian Region: Study of Heat-Extraction Methods From Deep Wells by Dmitriy Abdrazakov, SLB
Study Explores Retrofitting Abandoned Petroleum Wells for Geothermal Production
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 210861, “An Overview of Retrofitting Abandoned Petroleum Wells for Geothermal Energy Production,” by Rahman Ashena, SPE, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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The complete paper presents a comprehensive overview and analysis of 20 global case studies in which abandoned petroleum wells were retrofit for geothermal applications, followed by important downhole and surface parameters. Good potential exists for producing geothermal energy from abandoned and nonactivated petroleum wells.

Introduction

In retrofitted geothermal projects, the bottomhole temperatures are usually much lower than conventional geothermal wells. Given the low temperatures of these projects, optimization should be achieved in all respects.

While the complete paper details the effect of the concepts investigated by the authors in the 20 case studies, this synopsis mainly offers a higher-level summary of these concepts rather than a discussion of the case studies themselves.

Overview

All case studies mentioned in the complete paper are simulation works except for one. Table 1 of the complete paper lists general information including the regional locations and investigators of these case studies, while Table 2 of the complete paper provides comprehensive design and production information about the cases provided.
Technical Framework Assesses Offshore Geothermal Opportunities in Existing Assets
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 215504, “An Integrated Technical Framework for Assessing Offshore Geothermal Opportunities in and Around Existing Oil and Gas Assets,” by Kirsten Pasturel, SPE, ZeGen Energy; Valerie Barres‑Montel, TotalEnergies; and William Harrar, Ross Offshore, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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The complete paper provides an overview of a geothermal assessment project (GAP) completed to assess the geothermal energy resource in and around an operational high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) field on the UK Continental Shelf. The authors demonstrate a new methodology to identify and determine the amount of electrical power that might be realized from the geothermal resource and associated field infrastructure and investigate both existing and future opportunities.

Methodology

At present, no single system exists for classifying offshore geothermal reserves and resources, so the described methodology was developed to allow measuring and benchmarking of these opportunities in a similar manner to an oil or gas prospect, which was deemed a relevant analog given the offshore context.

Geothermal Proven Reserve. The Geothermal Proven Reserve is that which is associated with the currently producing well stock. The reserve value can be calculated by assessing the thermal energy associated with the current production from a given field. These are reserves because they are currently produced to the surface and are equivalent to “Proved Developed Producing.”

Geothermal Contingent Resource. The Geothermal Contingent Resource is defined as the nonproducing resource that occurs within the existing well stock and which could be brought into production by way of capital investment in well recompletion or the perforation of additional intervals within an existing wellbore. This classification is similar to “Proved Undeveloped.”

Geothermal Prospective Resource. The Geothermal Prospective Resource is defined as the resource that occurs outside of the existing well stock and which would require activities such as the drilling of new wells from surface or the deepening and completion of existing wells in order to produce these resources.