bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeito da manipulação térmica durante a incubação sobre as variáveis hematológicas, bioquímica sérica e morfometria da bolsa cloacal de codornas japonesas submetidas ao estresse crônico por calor
Authors: Porto M.L. , Fontenele-Neto J.D.
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da manipulação da temperatura de incubação sobre a resposta imune de codornas desafiadas termicamente após eclosão. Para isso, foram utilizados 540 ovos, distribuídos em três incubadoras, com temperatura de 37,8°C e umidade de 60%. A partir do sexto dia de incubação até a eclosão, as temperaturas foram ajustadas em 37,8°C (padrão), 38,5°C (intermediária) e 39,5°C (alta). Após a eclosão as codornas foram pesadas e distribuídas, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com três temperaturas de incubação (37,8, 38,5 e 39,5°C) e duas temperaturas de ambiente (estresse e termoneutro). Aos 10, 20, 30 e 40 dias, quatro codornas por tratamento foram eutanasiadas para coleta da bolsa cloacal, do fígado e do coração, para se determinar o peso absoluto (g), o peso relativo (%) e a área dos folículos bursais. Sangue foi coletado para realização do hemograma, do leucograma e da bioquímica sérica. Os dados foram analisados e as diferenças entre as médias foram determinadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. O estresse térmico por calor, a partir dos 20 dias, promove redução no peso absoluto do fígado, do coração, da bolsa cloacal e na área dos folículos bursais, além de heterofilia, linfopenia e aumento da relação heterófilo/linfócito. Em conclusão, o estresse térmico por calor após 10 dias de idade pode causar imunossupressão.
Perfil hematológico e bioquímico sérico de capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) de vida livre nos biomas Mata Atlântica e Caatinga
Authors: Souza D.S. , Yang S.G.N.S. , Alves A.C.A. , Pontes R.M. , Carvalho C.C.D. , Soares P.C. , Oliveira J.B.
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Devido à ausência de estudos sobre capivaras na região Nordeste do Brasil, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a sanidade desses roedores de vida livre em três áreas dos biomas Mata Atlântica (2) e Caatinga (1) do estado de Pernambuco, por meio da determinação de parâmetros da hematologia e bioquímica sérica. De novembro de 2016 a dezembro de 2017, foram capturados 21 animais, dos quais foram coletadas amostras de sangue para avaliação hematológica (eritrograma, leucograma e plaquetometria) e bioquímica sérica (atividade enzimática, perfil proteico, energético e mineral). A maioria dos parâmetros esteve dentro dos valores de normalidade para a espécie, embora alguns apresentassem diferenças estatisticamente significativas de acordo com a área de estudo (hemoglobina, hematócrito, VCM, CHCM, eosinófilos, fosfatase alcalina, proteína total, albumina, ácido úrico, creatinina, lactato, sódio e magnésio) e o sexo dos animais (ácido úrico). Os parâmetros obtidos são apresentados como referência e atestam a sanidade e o bom estado nutricional de populações de capivaras nos biomas Mata Atlântica e Caatinga da região Nordeste do Brasil. As informações aportadas neste estudo pioneiro na região Nordeste contribuem para aumentar o conhecimento sobre a ecofisiologia e a conservação in situ de capivaras.
Influência da adiposidade durante a gestação de éguas da raça Crioula sobre o acúmulo de gordura em seus potros
Authors: Kasinger S. , Brasil C.L. , Santos A.C. , Vieira P.S. , Torres A.J. , Nogueira C.E.W. , Roll V.F.B.
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Este trabalho investigou a influência da adiposidade em éguas Crioulas gestantes sobre o peso e o acúmulo de gordura de seus potros do nascimento aos quatro meses de vida. Foram avaliadas 28 éguas Crioulas no terço final de gestação, divididas em dois grupos (normais e obesas) quanto ao peso, à circunferência de pescoço, à altura da crista do pescoço e à gordura subcutânea na base da cauda, bem como quanto à relação dessas medidas com as de seus potros, do parto aos 120 dias de idade. Os filhos de éguas obesas apresentaram maior deposição de gordura na base da cauda, no segundo mês (P<0,05), e na crista do pescoço (P=0,0022), no quarto mês de idade. Houve correlação positiva da altura da crista do pescoço da égua com o peso dos potros ao nascer (P=0,01; r= 0,54) e do peso corporal das éguas com gordura na base da cauda dos potros ao nascimento (P=0,03; r=0,49), além de forte associação entre gordura na base da cauda das éguas obesas com essa medida nos seus potros aos quatro meses (P=0,01; r=0,71). Essa diferença entre os grupos de potros quanto à adiposidade sugere que filhos de éguas obesas são mais propensos a acumular mais gordura já nos primeiros meses de vida.
Medidas lineares e angulares não influenciam o tipo de marcha em cavalos Campeiros
Authors: Pereira L.M.A. , Souza A.F. , Silva A.D. , Costa D. , Fonteque J.H.
Published: May 2020

RESUMO A marcha é um andamento natural de algumas raças de equinos, o qual resulta de movimentos coordenados, e é o andamento característico dos cavalos Campeiros. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar relações entre medidas lineares e angulares com o tipo de marcha dos cavalos da raça Campeiro. Foram avaliados 113 equinos adultos, sendo realizadas 12 medidas lineares e 11 angulares de cada animal. Para obtenção das medidas lineares, utilizou-se hipômetro e fita métrica, e, para as medidas angulares, artrogoniômetro e podogoniômetro. Para avaliar e classificar a marcha, os animais foram montados e filmados por vista lateral. Dos 113 animais, 36 (32%) apresentaram marcha incompleta, 74 (65%) marcha completa, e três (3%) a guinilha. Dos equinos com marcha completa, 20 (27%) apresentaram marcha batida, 14 (19%) marcha de centro e 40 (54%) marcha picada. Apenas a medida linear, altura da garupa, apresentou diferença entre os tipos de andamentos (P<0,011). Pode-se concluir que as medidas lineares e angulares dos equinos Campeiros apresentam valores similares entre as variações da marcha, demonstrando equivalente morfologia independentemente da categoria da marcha.
cDNA Cloning of a Bovine Insulin-like growth factor-1 from Egyptian Buffalos and Expression of its Recombinant Protein in Escherichia coli
Authors: Aboul-Soud Mourad A.M.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is regarded as a crucial clinically significant therapeutic agent against several pathological conditions. Recently, recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology has enabled the production of many drugs of rDNA-origin including IGF-1. Securing a readily available supply of IGF-1 is invaluable to clinical research and biotechnological domains. In this work, the cloning of a full-length bovine IGF-1 cDNA and the successful expression of its cognate recombinant IGF-1 protein is reported. Single-strand cDNA was prepared from liver tissues, through the specific reverse transcription (RT) of IGF-1 mRNA. Subsequently, a PCR amplicon of ~543bp was successfully amplified. Recombinant pTARGET™ vector harboring IGF-1 insert was successfully cloned into competent E. coli JM109 cells. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the recombinant IGF-1 has been expressed at the expected size of 7.6kDa. The outcome provides a robust basis for transecting the recombinant pTARGETTM vector, harboring the IGF-1 cDNA insert, into mammalian cells. Optimal initial glucose concentration was found to be 10g/l with corresponding protein concentration of 6.2g/l. The proliferative biological activity crude recombinant IGF-1 protein was verified on HeLa cell lines. This is envisaged to facilitate large-scale production of recombinant IGF-1 protein, thereby enabling thorough investigation of its clinical and pharmaceutical effects.
Nutritional profile of sugar-sweetened beverages destined to the youngsters marketed in Brazil and Portugal
Authors: SCRAFIDE Nathalia Nunes Lopes , PIANO GANEN Aline de
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze and compare the sugar content in sugar sweetened beverages in Brazil and Portugal, according to the Pan American Health Organization nutritional profile model. Methods One hundred six equivalent sugary beverages were selected in the markets of São Paulo, Brazil and Porto, Portugal. Nutritional information reported on the labels was reviewed, according to the Pan American Health Organization nutritional profile model, regarding the critical content of free sugars, salt, total saturated fats and trans fatty acids. Results The Brazilian nectars presented higher amounts of sugar and vitamin C compared to Portuguese nectars that contained more protein. The juices in Portugal contained a higher content of vitamin C and Portuguese dairy beverages had higher levels of protein and sodium, while the Brazilian ones had more total fats. According to the critical nutrients proposed by the Pan American Health Organization, Brazil had excess sodium in dairy beverages and soft drinks, while in Portugal excess sodium was found in nectars and dairy beverages. In both countries, excess free sugars were present in all beverages. Conclusion The amount of sugar in the beverages represents an important contribution of added sugar, especially in the Brazilian nectars. The identification of this component in sugary beverages is fundamental for the adoption of strategies of food education to control obesity.
Fatores Associados à Ocorrência da Síndrome de Burnout entre Estudantes de Residências Multiprofissionais
Authors: Oliveira Rosângela Fernandes de , Pereira Maria Amélia Dias , Silva Matheus Lopes da , Costa Matheus Leão Tavares , Quirino Érika Carvalho , Naghettini Alessandra Vitorino
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Multiprofessional health residents deal with high stress daily, harming patient care, which can cause emotional and interpersonal reactions that contribute to the development of Burnout Syndrome, thus disclosing the importance of identifying the at-risk conditions for the syndrome and possible protection. The objectives of this study were to describe the occurrence of burnout, its impairment dimensions and the association with sociodemographic characteristics in multiprofessional residency professionals. Method: This is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach, conducted with multiprofessional health residents from public hospitals located in a capital of the Midwest region of Brazil. The ISB - Burnout Syndrome Inventory - was employed, using six indices (Positive Organizational Conditions, Negative Organizational Conditions, Emotional Exhaustion, Emotional Distancing, Dehumanization and Professional Achievement), associated with the assessment of sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, marital status, profession, previous work, change of city, living alone, having children, getting another degree, enjoying what you do in your free time, practicing physical activity, having a religion, undergoing a therapeutic process. The logistic regression method was used to verify the association between these characteristics and the diagnosis of burnout syndrome. A total of 134 residents participated in the survey. Results: The results showed that Emotional Exhaustion is present in 91% of participants; Emotional Distance in 89.6%; Dehumanization, in 61.9%; Professional Achievement in 11.2%; Positive Organizational Conditions, in 85.1%; and Negative Organizational Conditions, n 82.1%. A positive association was observed between taking simultaneous courses, male gender and living alone. Conclusion: It is observed that the practice of therapy can reduce the chance of developing the syndrome and it is concluded that there is a high prevalence of burnout syndrome in the assessed group, with it being a response to stress defined by the presence of exhaustion, distancing and dehumanization. Despite these results, the perception of professional achievement remains independent of stress.
Barriers and Facilitators of the Teaching-Learning Process of Medical Students in Primary Care in the City of São Paulo
Authors: Silva Moniquelly Barbosa da , Rios Izabel , Vital Júnior Pedro Félix , Silva Andréa Tenório Correia da
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Although Primary Health Care (PHC) is essential for medical students’ training, the perceptions of primary care workers about the teaching-learning process have been overlooked, particularly in municipalities where PHC management is performed by a private organization instead of the government, such as in the city of São Paulo. Objective: to analyze the perceptions of primary care workers about barriers and facilitators of medical students’ teaching-learning process in PHC in the city of São Paulo. Method: we conducted a qualitative research. We performed in-depth interviews with 12 primary care workers from the family health teams (four physicians, four nurses and four community health workers), who worked in primary care clinics in the east region of the city and received medical students, from 1st-year to internship students. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and afterwards, they were repeatedly read. We identified thematic units following the content analysis principles. Results: the barriers to medical students’ teaching-learning process in PHC were the following: (1) excessive number of scheduled patients and scarcity of time for discussion; (2) inadequate infrastructure of primary care clinics; (3) lack of training; and (4) ineffective integration among faculty, healthcare workers, managers and the assisted population. The facilitating factors of the teaching-learning process were: (1) high quality of healthcare services; (2) integration among primary care teams, interdisciplinary teams, and students; and (3) well-trained medical preceptors. Conclusions: our results have implications for PHC professionals, educational institutions, and managers. The improvement of the integration among educational institutions, health services managers, primary care workers, and the population is a condition to reach the effectiveness in the teaching-learning process, and to ensure the development of essential competencies for PHC assistance quality. Thus, the training of health professionals, improving the primary care clinic infrastructure, and creating strategies to ensure enough time for discussion and feedback could contribute to mitigate barriers to medical students’ teaching-learning process in PHC.
Percepção dos Acadêmicos de Medicina sobre o Teste de Progresso
Authors: Sartor Laís Büttner , Rosa Luana Lanzarini da , Madeira Kristian , Uggioni Maria Laura Rodrigues , Ferreira Filho Olavo Franco , Rosa Maria Inês da
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Introduction: The Progress Test was created to address the necessity of measuring the level of knowledge consolidation along the years of Medical school. The test is administered periodically to all students in a curriculum, assessing the student’s cognitive growth throughout their journey at undergraduate level. In addition to assessing the student individually, the test evaluates the institution, showing in which areas its curriculum base should be improved. The aim is to assess the Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense student’s perception of the Progress Test. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. Data was collected through questionnaires created by the researchers and applied to medical students - the ones who took the Progress Test at least once - from October 15th to November 30th, 2018. The statistical analysis was performed with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A response rate of 70.41% was obtained, with a total of 424 questionnaires being included in the research. Demographic data showed a predominance of female gender (60,4%) and white ethnicity (96,2%) in the population and a mean age of 23 years. In all semesters (early, intermediate and final ones) the participants knew the goal of the progress test, and most students consider it important. It was also observed that the majority of the students considered clinical surgery and collective health as their worst performance in the test. In clinical medicine, pediatrics, and gynecology-obstetrics, the students of the intermediate and final semesters were satisfied with their level of knowledge. “To evaluate the student’s progress/performance” was highlighted as the most positive point. Among the negative ones “decrease the number of questions so the test is not as extensive” was emphasized. Conclusion: The students of the sample consider the Progress Test important and know about its purpose. The final third of the Medical School is the one who feels most prepared to face the test. The main fields to which the students attributed their worst performance were clinical surgery and collective health. Regarding clinical medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, and obstetrics the students were satisfied with their knowledge.
Uma proposta de conceituação e tipologia de reformas tributárias com aplicação ao caso da América Latina
Authors: Almeida Aloisio Flávio Ferreira de , Paes Nelson Leitão
Published: May 2020

Resumo Ainda não existe uma definição consolidada de reforma tributária na literatura de finanças públicas. Este artigo se propõe a apresentar um conceito próprio de reforma tributária. Juntamente com a definição de reforma tributária, apresenta-se uma tipologia para a classificação destas reformas. Para aplicação do conceito e tipologia propostos, construiu-se uma base de dados de alterações e reformas tributárias na América Latina entre 1990 e 2004 com informações do Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento. Verificou-se que as reformas tributárias promovidas na América Latina se caracterizaram por se concentrarem em tributos relevantes sobre o consumo e a renda, com o objetivo de aumentar a arrecadação, implantadas de maneira gradual e de incidência geral. A experiência latino-americana pode ser útil para o caso brasileiro, que há vários anos vem tentando reformar o seu sistema tributário. Assim, reformas graduais, direcionadas para grandes tributos e de incidência ampla parecem ter mais chance de aprovação junto ao legislativo.
A dinâmica inflacionária no Brasil de 2000 a 2009: uma abordagem multissetorial
Authors: Gomes Leandro , Freitas Fabio
Published: May 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, de uma perspectiva multissetorial, o processo inflacionário brasileiro no período 2000-2009. Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma metodologia de decomposição estrutural a ser aplicada ao modelo de preços associado à Matriz Insumo-Produto. Os resultados são analisados com base na hipótese de que em condições normais de funcionamento de uma economia de mercado, a inflação é predominantemente causada pela majoração dos custos de produção. A análise do período 2001-2009 é dividida em três subperíodos. No primeiro, 2001-2003, a variável central para explicar a inflação brasileira é a taxa nominal de câmbio. No segundo, 2004-2005, aumenta a importância do preço das commodities e a influência da dinâmica salarial. No terceiro, 2006-2009, a principal causa do processo inflacionário passa a ser o custo unitário do trabalho. Associada à mudança na trajetória das variáveis distributivas, a importância do setor de serviços na explicação da inflação brasileira aumenta.
ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH THE ISOLATED AND SIMULTANEOUS PRESENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND ABDOMINAL OBESITY IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Lima Tiago Rodrigues de , Moraes Mikael Seabra , Andrade Joaquim Huaina Cintra , Farias Joni Márcio de , Silva Diego Augusto Santos
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with excessive weight (EW), abdominal obesity (AO) and the simultaneous presence of EW and AO in adolescents from Southern Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 583 adolescents (11 to 17 years old) of Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil. EW was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and AO by waist circumference (WC). The independent variables analyzed were gender, age, maternal schooling, balanced diet, physical activity, cigarette use, excessive alcohol use and screen time. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Boys had 58% higher likelihood of having EW (OR 1.58; 95%CI 1.08-2.29; p<0.05). Younger age group (11 to 14 years) was directly associated with higher likelihood of EW (OR 6.07; 95%CI 4.05-9.11; p<0.05). Adolescents whose mothers had higher education had 75% more likelihood of having AO (OR 1.75; 95%CI 1.01-3.00; p<0.05). Higher likelihood for EW and AO (OR 1.84; 95%CI 1.01-3.34; p<0.05) was identified in younger adolescents (11 to 14 years). Conclusions: Boys and younger age (11 to 14 years) were associated with a higher likelihood of EW. Adolescents whose mothers studied nine years or more were more likely to have AO. The younger age group (11 to 14 years) was associated with greater chances for the simultaneous presence of EW and AO.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT COMORBIDITIES HOSPITALIZED WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
Authors: Aurilio Rafaela Baroni , Sant’Anna Clemax Couto , March Maria de Fátima Bazhuni Pombo
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical profile of children and adolescents hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). They were divided into two groups: those with and those without comorbidities. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study with prospective data collection, was carried out in a cohort of patients aged zero to 11, who were hospitalized with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia, from January 2010 to January 2012. As an exploratory study, the two groups were compared through logistic regression for possible risk factors associated with community-acquired pneumonia. Relative risk (RR) was used with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The process of selection for independent variables was stepwise forward, with a significance level of 5%. Results: There were 121 cases of community-acquired pneumonia evaluated, and 47.9% had comorbidities. In the bivariate analysis, patients with comorbidities demonstrated higher chances for: age >60 months (p=0.005), malnutrition (p=0.002), previous use of antibiotics (p=0.008) and previous hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia in the last 24 months (p=0.004). In the multivariate analysis, these variables were independent predictors of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with the comorbidities: age >60 months (p=0.002; RR=5.39; 95%CI 1.89-15.40); malnutrition (p=0.008; RR=1.75; 95%CI 1.75-44.60); previous use of antibiotics (p=0.0013; RR=3.03; 95%CI 1.27-7.20); and previous hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia (p=0.035; RR=2.91; 95%CI 1.08-7.90). Conclusions: Most patients with community-acquired pneumonia and comorbidities were aged >60 months, were malnourished, had used antibiotics and had been hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia. Comorbidities were associated with a higher chance of malnutrition and hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia in an older age group, compared to children without comorbidities. Knowledge of this clinical profile may contribute to better assist pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia hospitalized in referral centers.
PARA ALÉM DE PUTNAM Cultura, capital social e liberdades, no sul do Brasil*
Authors: Mueller Airton Adelar
Published: May 2020

Nos debates sobre desenvolvimento territorial, a versão culturalista de Capital Social (Robert Putnam) e a Abordagem das Capacidades (Amartya Sen) destacaram-se a partir dos anos 1990. O artigo escrutina a pertinência da tese putnamiana, a partir da noção de desenvolvimento elaborada por Sen, no sentido de verificar o quanto o capital social é capaz de ampliar capacidades, desviando-se, assim, o foco do crescimento, para o bem-estar. Tomam-se como base empírica os 496 municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, estado rico e diverso, em termos étnicos e culturais. Contrariando o cerne da argumentação putnamiana, os resultados mostram que o capital social não é relevante para explicar a realidade dos municípios quanto a emprego e renda, mas sim para explicar desempenhos em saúde e educação, o que relativiza e complexifica a hipótese culturalista, bem como evidencia outros elementos e mecanismos subjacentes às disparidades territoriais.
PARA ALÉM DO ‘TRÂNSFUGA DE CLASSE’ A socialização plural em narrativas da primeira geração de formados no ensino superior
Authors: Lima Raquel Guilherme de
Published: May 2020

Trajetórias educacionais longevas de pessoas oriundas das camadas populares são objetos frequentes de reflexão sociológica. Pesquisas relevantes permitiram o avanço do conhecimento quanto às práticas que favorecem a emergência de alguns desses casos improváveis. O presente artigo aborda esta temática a partir de dados obtidos através de entrevistas em profundidade realizadas com 25 pessoas de origem popular, que representam a primeira geração de suas famílias a cursar o ensino superior. O objetivo é problematizar a imagem comumente atribuída a estas trajetórias, a qual usualmente ressalta o sofrimento, o sentimento de não pertencimento e a ruptura cultural com o meio de origem. Argumenta-se, aqui, que a construção de tal imagem é influenciada pela mobilização do conceito de trânsfuga de classe. Por meio da análise empírica, questiona-se a aplicação de tal conceito em favor de interpretações que considerem não apenas as diversas referências culturais a que estes indivíduos estão potencialmente sujeitos, mas também aquelas que os considerem atores sociais competentes para a leitura de diferentes contextos sociais.
OUTLET OBSTRUCTED CONSTIPATION AND FECAL INCONTINENCE: IS REHABILITATION TREATMENT THE WAY? MYTH OR REALITY
Authors: BRUSCIANO Luigi , GAMBARDELLA Claudio , DEL GENIO Gianmattia , TOLONE Salvatore , LUCIDO Francesco Saverio , TERRACCIANO Gianmattia , GUALTIERI Giorgia , DOCIMO Ludovico
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Pelvic floor rehabilitation aims to address perineal functional and anatomic alterations as well as thoraco-abdominal mechanic dysfunctions leading to procto-urologic diseases like constipation, fecal and urinary incontinence, and pelvic pain. They require a multidimensional approach, with a significant impact on patients quality of life. An exhaustive clinical and instrumental protocol to assess defecation disorders should include clinical and instrumental evaluation as well as several clinical/physiatric parameters. All these parameters must be considered in order to recognize and define any potential factor playing a role in the functional aspects of incontinence, constipation and pelvic pain. After such evaluation, having precisely identified any thoraco-abdomino-perineal anatomic and functional alterations, a pelvi-perineal rehabilitation program can be carried out to correct the abovementioned alterations and to obtain clinical improvement. The success of the rehabilitative process is linked to several factors such as a careful evaluation of the patient, aimed to select the most appropriate and specific targeted rehabilitative therapy, the therapist’s scrupulous hard work, especially as regards the patient’s emotional and psychic state, and finally the patient’s compliance in undertaking the therapy itself, especially at home. These factors may deeply influence the overall outcomes of the rehabilitative therapies, ranging from “real” success to illusion “myth”.
Cuidado y responsabilidad
Authors: BORGEAUD-GARCIANDÍA NATACHA
Published: May 2020

resumen El articulo ofrece una lectura interpretativa sobre la responsabilidad en el trabajo de cuidado a partir del cuidado realizado por mujeres migrantes que trabajan sin retiro con personas mayores muy dependientes en la capital argentina. En particular, se centra en la responsabilidad como asunción de la obligación moral para con el otro vulnerable. Tras dar información sobre el terreno de estudio y la perspectiva de índole más teórica que se pretender enriquecer, se analizan sucesivamente las relaciones entre responsabilidad y división del trabajo, entre responsabilidad y trabajo de cuidado y, finalmente, entre cuidado, responsabilidad, poder y dominación. Se destaca el papel que cumple la responsabilidad como parte intrínseca del trabajo de cuidado, y en la complejidad de las tramas de explotación de quienes se dedican a este trabajo, en el marco de relaciones desiguales de poder.
Trabalho e cuidado no Direito: perspectivas de sindicatos e movimentos feministas
Authors: VIEIRA REGINA STELA CORRÊA
Published: May 2020

resumo O tratamento jurídico do cuidado no Brasil e as políticas públicas voltadas à socialização das atividades de reprodução social ficam aquém das demandas sociais. O Direito do Trabalho, que historicamente ignora ou negligencia o trabalho doméstico, remunerado ou não, teve avanços como a Emenda Constitucional 72/2013 e a ratificação da Convenção 189 da OIT, mas sofre atualmente com reforma trabalhista que ameaça os direitos conquistados arduamente pelas trabalhadoras domésticas. As vozes das integrantes de movimentos feministas e organizações de trabalhadoras domésticas revelam a segmentação entre luta por direitos para as mulheres e luta por direitos trabalhistas e a necessidade de repensar as divisões disciplinares no Direito. Ao mesmo tempo, evidenciam a preocupação com retrocessos jurídicos, que exige posturas efusivas em defesa dos direitos sociais.
Murilo Mendes,leitor de Romano Guardini1
Authors: SIMPSON PABLO
Published: May 2020

resumo Este texto apresenta e contextualiza a publicação de um artigo de Murilo Mendes em 1948 com o título “Um livro revolucionário”, dedicado ao livro O Senhor (Der Herr, 1937) do teólogo ítalo-alemão Romano Guardini. Partindo do estudo das bibliotecas pessoais de escritores religiosos, pretende-se situar o artigo de Murilo Mendes no contexto das disputas estéticas e teológicas no pensamento católico brasileiro, tanto quanto compreender os desdobramentos da leitura de Guardini para a sua poética.
Espelhos do mal: arquivo e corrupção em Sade
Authors: BARBOSA ALINE LEAL FERNANDES
Published: May 2020

resumo Neste artigo, o objetivo é pôr a obra e a vida do Marquês de Sade - em que impera a ideia de transgressão e de destruição - em contato com diversas noções de arquivo, sobretudo a de Jacques Derrida em Mal de arquivo, em que a pulsão de morte repousa no que é da ordem da conservação. Se a renovação com base em novas consignações é a condição de posteridade do arquivo, de que modo podemos ler Sade no século XXI?
O programa Reuni e o desempenho das Ifes brasileiras
Authors: Paula Camila Henriques de , Almeida Fernanda Maria de
Published: May 2020

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis diferenças e influências do Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (Reuni) sobre a evolução dos indicadores de desempenho das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (Ifes) brasileiras. Assim, pretende-se contribuir com a análise dos efeitos do Reuni sobre o comportamento intertemporal dos indicadores de desempenho, a fim de potencializar as ações de monitoramento e controle social da política pública implementada. Para isso, realizou-se o teste de hipóteses de diferenças entre médias para verificar se, estatisticamente, o programa influenciou os indicadores de desempenho nas Ifes. Os resultados demonstraram a elevação dos gastos para manter as novas e reformadas estruturas universitárias, melhorias no nível de envolvimento na Pós-graduação e na qualificação do corpo docente, que refletiram no aumento do conceito médio dos cursos avaliados pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes).
Youth leadership and global citizenship: alternatives for peacebuilding in Brazilian public schools
Authors: Caliman Geraldo , Guimaraes-Iosif Ranilce , Lucena Jose Ivaldo A. de , Santos Vanildes Gonçalves dos
Published: May 2020

Abstract Peace is a social construct that demands a process of individual and collective awareness and commitment for the construction of a fairer and more inclusive world. The University and the school, as formal educational spaces, have a great potential as peacebuilders. This article discusses these two arguments from fragments of an experience held in two public schools from Distrito Federal. It was conducted by the Unesco Chair on Youth, Education, and Society (Catholic University of Brasília – UCB) from 2015 to the present. The first part discusses the current context of young people from the theoretical lens of global citizenship and the centrality of youth leadership and empowerment in the process of peace building. The second part emphasizes the role of the university and the public school in the construction of networks that act proactively in the citizenship education of young people, preparing them for facing situations of violence and intolerance. The final part of the article looks at the experiences of the last three years, examples of successful educational practices that have the potential to act in the prevention of school violence and in the construction of an inclusive and emancipatory global citizenship. The study shows that Unesco’s principles of education for peace and global citizenship are important alternatives for the promotion and building of peace.
Strengthening and weakening factors for breastfeeding from the perspective of the nursing mother and her family
Authors: Wagner Lívia Perissé Baroni , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Souza Silvana Regina Rossi Kissula , Chiesa Anna , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro , Soares Larissa
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objective: To describe the strengthening and weakening factors for breastfeeding. Method: This is a descriptive multiple case qualitative study, conducted in Curitiba, Parana, with members of 17 families with children between 6 and 12 months old, through semi-structured interview and construction of genograms, analyzed by the strategy of cross case synthesis. Results: 28 people participated in the study. Strengthening factors for breastfeeding were: the desire to breastfeed; child with facility for breastfeeding; mother with time available to the child; previous breastfeeding experience and family history of breastfeeding; the support and encouragement to breastfeed. Weakening factors were: negative expectations; the myth of weak milk; child’s disease; maternal illness; negative experiences of the mother; the absence of family history of breastfeeding; lack of a support network. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is a family and social phenomenon. Therefore, practices that go beyond the mother-baby dyad are necessary. The care process should include the social and subjective dimension, strengthening the support network of nursing mothers, in order to obtain more satisfactory professional practices that promote breastfeeding.
Eficácia da máscara facial (TNT) na população para prevenção de infecções por coronavírus: Revisão sistemática
Authors: Lima Adeânio , Camargo Maria Cristina de , Martinez-Silveira Martha Sílvia , Bastos Bruno Pires , Santos Diana Lima dos , Mota Sara Emanuela de Carvalho , Silva Roberta Borges , Toledo Isabela Porto de
Published: May 2020

Objetivos: avaliar a eficácia das máscaras padrão de tecido (TNT) para a prevenção de doenças respiratórias (MERS CoV, SARS-CoV e SARS-CoV-2) na população. Métodos: busca nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, Cinahl, The Cochrane Library, Trip. Também busca complementar no Google Acadêmico, Rayyan e medRxiv. Não foram aplicados filtros relacionados a dados, idioma ou status de publicação. Títulos e resumos foram rastreados, e posteriormente textos completos foram usados. Resultados: foram incluídos três estudos: um ensaio clínico randomizado tipo cluster e duas análises sistemáticas. O ensaio clínico indica o benefício potencial de máscaras médicas para o controle da fonte de infecção, para a doença respiratória clínica.Em uma das revisões sistemáticas, não foi possível definir uma relação conclusiva entre o uso da Máscara e proteção contra a infecção respiratória. Por fim, outra revisão sistemática demonstrou que máscaras são usadas na prevenção da propagação de vírus respiratórios. Conclusão: Como indicado para o benefício potencial das máscaras padrão TNT. Para o cenário atual de pandemia por COVID 19, recomenda-se a educação sobre o uso adequado de máscaras, relacionadas a medidas individuais de proteção.
Prediction of tensile strength of sawn timber: definitions and performance of indicating properties based on surface laser scanning and dynamic excitation
Authors: Briggert Andreas , Olsson Anders , Oscarsson Jan
Published: May 2020

The presence of wood irregularities such as knots are decisive for the mechanical properties of sawn timber, and efficient utilisation of timber requires methods by which grade determining properties can be predicted with high accuracy. In the glulam and sawmilling industries today, there is a potential and a need for more accurate prediction methods. This paper concerns the performance of a set of indicating properties calculated by means of data from surface laser scanning, dynamic excitation and X-ray scanning, the latter used to obtain boards’ average density. A total number of 967 boards of Norway spruce originating from Finland, Norway and Sweden were used to determine statistical relationships between the indicating properties and the grade determining properties used to grade sawn timber into T-classes. Results show that the indicating properties give coefficients of determination to tensile strength as high as 0.70. Furthermore, results also show that laser scanning of boards with sawn surface finish give basis for almost as accurate grading as what scanning of planed boards do. The results imply that more accurate grading of timber into T-classes is possible by application of a new set of indicating properties. This paper is part one of a series of two papers. In the second paper, two models to derive settings and calculate yield in different strength classes using the indicating properties presented herein are compared and discussed.
Factors Impacting Differential Outcomes in the Definitive Radiation Treatment of Anal Cancer Between HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients
Authors: Susko Matthew , Wang Chia-Ching Jackie , Lazar Ann A. , Kim Stephanie , Laffan Angela , Feng Mary , Ko Andrew , Venook Alan P. , Atreya Chloe E. , Van Loon Katherine , Anwar Mekhail
Published: May 2020

Background

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is uncommon, yet seen more frequently in the setting of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Chemoradiotherapy is the definitive modality of treatment for patients with ASCC; this study examines factors impacting clinical outcomes in a large cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.

Methods

A retrospective review was conducted of patients treated for nonmetastatic ASCC at a single institution between 2005 and 2018. Freedom from local recurrence (FFLR), freedom from distant metastasis, and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

During the study period, 111 patients initiated definitive treatment for ASCC. Median age of the entire cohort was 56.7 years (interquartile range, 51.5–63.5), with 52 patients (46.8%) being HIV-positive. At median follow-up of 28.0 months, the 2- and 5-year FFLR were 78.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70.4–87.0) and 74.6% (95% CI, 65.8–84.5), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed time from diagnosis to treatment initiation (median, 8 weeks; hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03–1.10) to be significantly associated with worse FFLR and OS. HIV-positive patients had a trend toward worse FFLR (log-ranked p = .06). For HIV-positive patients with post-treatment CD4 less than 150 cells per mm3, there was significantly worse OS (log-ranked p = .015).

Conclusion

A trend toward worse FFLR was seen in HIV-positive patients, despite similar baseline disease characteristics as HIV-negative patients. Worse FFLR and OS was significantly associated with increased time from diagnosis to treatment initiation. Poorer OS was seen in HIV-positive patients with a post-treatment CD4 count less than 150 cells per mm3.

Implications for Practice

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma can represent a difficult clinical scenario. Definitive radiation with concurrent chemotherapy is highly effective but can result in significant toxicity and a decrease in CD4 count that could predispose to HIV-related complications. As HIV-positive patients have largely been excluded from prospective clinical trials, this study seeks to provide greater understanding of their outcomes with radiation therapy, potential predictors of worse local control and overall survival, and those most at risk after completion of treatment.
Manisa ili kekik (Origanum onites) alanlarında görülen yabancı ot türleri, yoğunlukları, rastlanma sıklıkları
Authors: SOKAT Yildiz
Published: May 2020

Çalışmada, Manisa İli kekik (Origanum spp.) üretim alanlarında bulunan yabancı ot türleri,
yoğunlukları ve rastlanma sıklıkları araştırılmıştır. Surveyler; 2013 yılında,
tesadüfü olarak seçilen 21 tarlada 705 dekar alanda, iki farklı dönemde
yürütülmüştür. Yabancı ot sayımlarında tarla büyüklüğüne göre, 1/4 m2’lik
çerçeveler atılarak yabancı otların tür bazında sayımları gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Sayımlarda geniş yapraklı yabancı otlar tüm bitki olarak, dar yapraklıların ise
sapları sayılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerden m2’deki
yabancı ot yoğunluğu ve rastlanma sıklığı belirlenmiştir. Surveyler sonucunda 25 familyaya ait 46 farklı yabancı ot türü saptanmıştır. Söz konusu türler içerisinde
ikisinin parazit (Cuscuta campestris
L., Orabanche gracilis sm.) tür,
dördünün dar yapraklı, diğerlerinin geniş yapraklı yabancı ot türlerinden
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Geniş
yapraklı yabancı otlar içerisinde en yoğun Convolvulus arvensis L.(1,15 adet/m2), bunu sırasıyla
Lactuca serriola (1,03 adet/m2), Lactuca saligna L. (0,75 adet/m2), Soncus asper  (0,62 adet/m2
), Portulaca oleracea L. (0,58 adet/m2)
türlerinin takip ettiği; dar yapraklı yabancı otlarda ise en yoğun Cyperus rotundus L. (2,67 adet/m2)
türünün olduğu, bunu Cynedon dactylon
(0,39 adet/m2) ve Sorghum
halapense L., (0,13 adet/m2)’nin takip ettiği belirlenmiştir.
Yabancı otlardan en sık Convolvulus
arvensis L. (% 99), Lactuca serriola
(% 63), Cypeus rotundus L. (% 49), Sonchus asper L. (% 36) türlerine saptanmıştır.
Analisa Kebutuhan Make Up Water Cooling Tower RSG-GAS pada Daya 30 MW Setelah Revitalisasi
Authors: Busono Pranto , Pujiarta Santosa
Published: May 2020

Akibat kondisi dan usia dari cooling tower RSG-GAS maka telah dilakukan revitalisasi pada cooling tower tersebut. Cooling tower yang baru mempunyai tipe sama dengan tipe sebelumnya, yaitu tipe Mechanical induced draft, counter flow, Inline, Closed end. Akibat penggantian/revitalisasi cooling tower RSG-GAS maka perlu dilakukan kajian yang berkaitan dengan besarnya kehilangan air. Kehilangan air pada cooling tower terdiri atas: evaporation loss (We), Drift loss (Wd) dan blowdown (Wb). Besarnya kehilangan air berdasarkan desain 93,8074 m3/h, hasil perhitungan 53,1286 m3/h dan hasil pengamatan adalah sebesarnya 39,4548 m3/h. Kehilangan air pada cooling tower perlu dilakukan perhitungan karena berkaitan dengan kemampuan pompa PA-04 dalam mengkompensasi kehilangan air tersebut. Dengan kemampuan pompa PA-04 yang mempunyai kapasitas 100 m3/h, maka dapat dipastikan bahwa pompa PA-04 masih mampu untuk mengkompensasi kehilangan air di cooling tower.   Kata kunci : make up water, revitalisasi cooling tower, kehilangan air
CALCULATION OF PROBABILITY OF TRISO PARTICLE FAILURE USING TIMCOAT AND PEBBED CODE
Authors: Wijaya Rokhmadi , Wahid Nuryadin Bebeh , Maulani Khotib , Setiadipura Topan
Published: May 2020

CALCULATION OF PROBABILITY OF TRISO PARTICLE FAILURE USING TIMCOAT AND PEBBED CODE. The calculation of the failure probability for fuel particles (TRISO) in the HTGR type reactor has been successfully carried out. This study aimed to estimate the failure probability of the fuel particles in the HTR-10 and HTR-PM, as well as to analyze the fuels of those reactors by varying the SiC thickness. The initial layer thickness of SiC in the HTR-10 and HTR-PM is 35 µm. The PEBBED code was used to simulate calculations resulting in the power distribution data, which is then compared with the results from the TIMCOAT simulation process. The TIMCOAT simulation calculation results, which are based on the SiC thickness variation, showed that the thickness failure is smaller if applied to the HTR-10 and HTR-PM. Based on the comparison between the two reactors, the failure probability of HTR-PM fuel particle has the value smaller than that of the HTR-10 with the difference of 10-5 .Keywords: failure particle, HTR-10, HTR-PM, TRISO, TIMCOAT.
ANALISIS NILAI REAKTIVITAS BATANG KENDALI TERAS RSG-GAS SETELAH 30 TAHUN BEROPERASI
Authors: Purwadi Purwadi , Pardi Pardi
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK ANALISIS NILAI REAKTIVITAS BATANG KENDALI TERAS RSG-GAS SETELAH 30 TAHUN BEROPERASI. Reaktor RSG-GAS telah beroperasi lebih dari 30 tahun untuk berbagai keperluan seperti produksi radioisotop dan penelitian dalam bidang nuklir, industri, kesehatan, material dll.  Setelah beroperasi 30 tahun telah banyak komponen, sistem dan struktur reaktor yang telah menurun unjuk kerjanya sehingga perlu untuk diganti. Setelah mengalami pergantian maka perlu dilakukan analisis sistem batang kendali teras RSG-GAS yang merupakan satu-satu sistem kendali reaktor. Nilai reaktivitas batang kendali teras RSG-GAS diperoleh dari hasil eksperimen. Nilai ini akan dibandingkan dengan hasil perhitungan. Perhitungan nilai reaktivitas batang kendali reaktor RSG-GAS dilakukan dengan metode difusi menggunakan program komputer WIMSD-5B dan Batan-3DIFF. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa batang kendali teras RSG-GAS masih layak digunakan untuk mengoperasikan reaktor. Hasil perhitungan dan eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa nilai reaktivitas tidak jauh berbeda dan perbedaan rerata sekitar 10 %. Kata kunci: reaktor RSG-GAS, nilai reaktivitas, batang kendali, komputer Batan-3DIFF .
Ensuring access to water for food production by emerging farmers in South Africa: What are the missing ingredients?
Authors: C Chikozho  , R Managa  , T Dabata
Published: May 2020

One of the key components essential to the productivity of small-scale farmers who secured farms through the land redistribution programme in South Africa is access to reliable sources of water for irrigation. In this study, we deployed a stakeholder-oriented qualitative research methodology to understand the extent to which land reform farming schemes in Bela-Bela and Greater Sekhukhune have been able to access water and use it to enhance their agricultural production. We were keen to identify and articulate the water-related challenges and missing ingredients for successful agricultural production on the new farming schemes. The study found that access to water for irrigated agriculture is not guaranteed for most of the emerging farmers and they do not have the finance needed to invest in sustainable water supply systems for irrigation. As a result, the majority of the farmers in our study sample have not been able to realize any meaningful agricultural production, with their farming schemes being either underutilized or not functioning at all. Other key challenges include lack of finance, high costs of electricity, and lack of farming knowledge among the emerging farmers. The paper concludes that there is need for key actors in the development sector to provide more substantive post–land transfer support and ensure better access to water for the emerging farmers. This will enhance the farmers’ chances of realizing more meaningful agricultural production while improving their livelihoods.