bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The needs and preferences of Eastern Canadian sex workers in mitigating occupational health and safety risks through the use of Information and Communication Technologies: A qualitative study
Authors: Bernier Thérèse , Shah Amika , Ross Lori E. , Logie Carmen H. , Seto Emily
Published: June 2022

Sex workers may use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as a means to mitigate occupational health and safety (OHS) risks by exchanging harm reduction techniques (e.g., screening) on blogs and social media. ICTs can also assist sex workers in creating online communities, where community members can act as each other’s safety check-ins, an additional harm reduction technique. In Canada, there is a paucity of research around ICT usage by sex workers for managing occupational health and safety. The objective of this study was to qualitatively examine the needs and preferences of Canadian sex workers when using ICTs in the delivery of strategies for occupational health and safety. Using a theoretical framework derived from a Social Ecological Model perspective, semi-structured interviews were conducted via phone, with a mixed gender sample (N = 22) of sex workers, between April and July 2020. OHS risks were found to be related to structural determinants, client behaviours, and lack of experience and knowledge when newly entering sex work. Participant accounts revealed a socially cohesive online community; however, sex workers reported difficulties in finding these communities, particularly when entering sex work. Such barriers to supportive communities were attributed to the criminalized, hidden nature of sex work that resulted in the fragmentation of harm reduction techniques across several online platforms, such as blogs, YouTube videos, closed electronic chat groups, and open online sex worker supportive communities. Moreover, these platforms and/or their content could potentially disappear without warning, either due to the platform provider seeking to evade possible prosecution, or because new legislation was introduced banning such content. Recommendations for further research include the co-design with sex workers of an innovative, secure, easily accessible, sex worker-only ICT OHS tool, utilizing a web hosting service located in a country where sex work has been either legalized or decriminalized.
¿Jueces sensibles? Una introducción al análisis del rol de las emociones en la decisión judicial
Authors: Ucín María Carlota
Published: June 2022

En el presente trabajo realizo un señalamiento de algunos de los problemas vinculados con el rol de las emociones en la decisión judicial. Se parte de la hipótesis de que existe una dimensión emocional en el fenómeno de la decisión judicial que ha venido siendo relativamente despreciada en los estudios propios de juristas y teóricos del Derecho. Entonces, luego de revisar el funcionamiento de las emociones y de la empatía, así como también las particularidades del Litigio de Interés Público, argumento la importancia de aquéllas a fin de lograr un adecuado juzgamiento de conflictos complejos. Finalmente, desde un punto de vista normativo, se revisitan las virtudes judiciales, buscando en ellas un enlace entre las emociones y el adecuado rol desempeñado por los jueces al decidir.
Argumentación y prueba en casos de femicidio
Authors: Ricaurte Catherine
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo versa sobre argumentación, prueba y femicidio. Su objetivo es ofrecer una contribución a las cuestiones vinculadas con la argumentación probatoria en casos de femicidio. En general se sostiene: (1) Para que la muerte de una mujer «Y» odiada por un agente «X» sea femicidio, la acción «X mató a Y» debe ser intencional. Y (2) Para que el homicidio de una mujer «Y» sea femicidio deben encontrarse razones suficientes que permitan inferir la motivación basada en el odio de género que tuvo un agente «X» para matar a la mujer.
Prueba sin convicción en su justa medida
Authors: Dei Vecchi Diego
Published: June 2022

El artículo apunta contra la concepción objetivista de los estándares de prueba defendida en la obra conjunta de Jordi Ferrer Beltrán. Se toma en consideración, como blanco principal de la crítica, su último trabajo: Prueba sin convicción. En primer lugar, se pone de manifiesto por qué el autor está comprometido con una visión objetivizada de los estándares de prueba y en qué sentido ha de entenderse ese objetivismo. Luego, se desarrollan varios argumentos para mostrar que esa visión está desencaminada. Algunos de esos argumentos apuntan contra réplicas que Ferrer Beltrán articula en Prueba sin convicción frente a objeciones más antiguas. Por último, luego de mostrar por qué la pretensión objetivista tiene que ser abandonada, se propone una relectura de las fórmulas que establecen supuestos estándares de prueba.
La distopía meritocrática y la utopía comunitarista de Michael Sandel
Authors: Misseri Lucas
Published: June 2022

El texto es un análisis crítico del libro La tiranía del mérito de Michael Sandel sobre la base del contraste conceptual distopía/utopía. En la primera sección se describen los tres elementos que constituirían la distopía meritocrática, que según Sandel, devino realidad en nuestro tiempo. En la segunda sección se da cuenta de dos alternativas que Sandel opone a la meritocracia: el neoliberalismo y el liberalismo igualitario, y se añade la alternativa socialista. Luego, se describen los aspectos constructivos de su libro. Finalmente, se subrayan algunas críticas a la propuesta sandeliana, especialmente algunos aspectos que parecen arbitrarios.
Violencia de género durante la pandemia de COVID-19: estándares interamericanos de derechos humanos para combatirla
Authors: Basaure Miranda Isaac Marcelo
Published: June 2022

La irrupción de la pandemia de COVID-19 supuso, a nivel global, una incesante serie de medidas estatales orientadas a asegurar el confinamiento y el distanciamiento social, con el objeto de prevenir la propagación del SARS-CoV-2. Del análisis de diversas fuentes informativas se extrae como resultado que la emergencia sanitaria ha evidenciado, dentro de América Latina, un efecto negativo, consistente en un incremento exponencial de episodios de violencia de género. Ante este contexto, se plantea como problema la grave situación de vulnerabilidad intrafamiliar que atraviesan las mujeres durante los estados de excepción declarados por los Estados miembro de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. Como respuesta a ello, se abordan e identifican los principales estándares de protección elaborados por el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos en la materia, con el objetivo de proponerlos, mediante fundamentos jurídicos, como una solución superadora, frente a aquella legislación nacional carente de perspectiva de género.
BaMtox, a Myotoxic Enzyme Isolated from the Venom of the Bothrops Alternatus
Authors: Alves Lívia Maria , Frare Bruno Tumang , Achê David Colares , de Melo Lamartine Lemos , Mendes Mirian Machado , Rodrigues Veridiana Melo , Izidoro Luiz Fernando Moreira
Published: June 2022

Snake envenomations are responsible for a high percentage of deaths, as these toxic proteins induce severe local and systemic effects. In Brazil, the Bothrops genus is responsible for a satisfactory fraction of accidents, including Bothropsalternatus, recognized as urutu, whose venom is capable of inducing severe myotoxicity. In this work, the BaMtox toxin was purified through a combination of three chromatographic steps, ion exchange in DEAE-Sepharose, affinity in Benzamidine Sepharose 6B columns and reversed-phase HPLC chromatography on a C18 column. The BaMtox toxin has a molecular mass of approximately 14kDa and did not show phospholipase activity or hemorrhage. On the other hand, it induced edema and a significant increase in plasma levels of the creatine kinase enzyme. Thus, the protein called BaMtox is able to induce myotoxicity.
The Implications of the Concept and Type of the Artistic model of Curriculum on the Elementary Integrated Curriculu
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Jeong-Min Seong
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study explores the implications of artistic model of curriculum for elementary integrated curriculum.
Methods: In this study, based on the concept and type of artistic model of curriculum, the concept and development process of elementary integrated curriculum, the implications of artistic model of curriculum are discussed.
Results: As a result of the study, the artistic model of curriculum has implications for the integrated curriculum in three aspects: first, the artistic model of curriculum can be applied as a base theory that can have conceptual uniqueness. Second, the role of teachers in the artistic model of curriculum is similar to that of teachers in the integrated curriculum. Third, as the diversity of instruction in the artistic model of curriculum is supplemented by teachers, the diversity and complexity of instruction in the integrated curriculum are supplemented by teachers. In addition, the evaluation of integrated curriculum increases the validity and suitability through the educational criticism of the artistic model of curriculum.
Conclusion: I hope this study will be the beginning of exploring the relationship between the artistic model of curriculum and the integrated curriculum.
KIRI ISLAM HASSAN HANAFI DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PERISTIWA PENINDASAN MUSLIM UGHIUR CHINA TAHUN 2019
Authors: Nafi'ah Rohmatun
Published: June 2022

This article discusses about Hasan Hanafi's Islamic Left Concept and its relevance to Muslim oppression in Uighur China. The Hasan Hanafi's Islamic Left Conceptarethe idea of a campaign of fight colonialism, retardation, and campaign of strive for independence, justice, and unite Muslims in one unit, al Jami’ah al-Islamiyyah or al- Jamiah Al- Syarqiyah. The Hasan Hanafi's Islamic Left Concept are interesting to study its relevance to Muslim oppression in Uighur China. In China there are regulations that prohibit the spread of Uighur Muslims. This article use qualitative and descriptive-analytical approaches with library data source. The finding of this article is thatthe relevance of Hasan Hanafi's Islamic Left to the events of China's Uighur Muslim oppression lies in the second pillar of the concept of Islamic Left, that is the urgency of challenging Western civilizationby re-actualizing Islamic thought using liberation theology.
KONSEP MAHABBAH JALALUDDIN RUMI
Authors: Octafany Assya
Published: June 2022

This article explores Rumi's mahabbah concept. Currently, in society, the concept of love is degrading in meaning, resulting in its constriction. This is because the concept of mahabbah, which we usually refer to as "love," is unfamiliar to the general population. In general, society equates love with liking the other sex. Spite of the fact ,  Rumi asserts that love is not confined to that. The notion of love will be addressed in this study via the lens of Jalaluddin Rumi, specifically the nature of love and its application in life. The findings of this study provide an outline of the type of love that people should possess: love powerful enough to cause someone to love their god.
KONSEP NEGARA DALAM FILSAFAT POLITIK AL-FARABI DAN KONTEKSTUALISASINYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Samsiyah Umi
Published: June 2022

This article describes the concept of the state promoted by al-Farabi and its contextualization with politics in Indonesia.This discussion is interesting because there are several values in al-Farabi's thought that can be contextualized with the political system in Indonesia.For this reason, this article carries two problem formulations, namely how is the concept of the state promoted by al-Farabi?How is the contextualization of al-Farabi's concept of state with the political system in Indonesia?By using a literature review, this article finds that al-Farabi's thoughts are a combination of his reading of Plato's and Aristotle's thoughts with Islamic religious doctrines.Al-Farabi constructs an ideal state form in which there are good people and leaders who aim to achieve happiness.The Indonesian state in al-Farabi's country classification can be equated with al-Farabi's democratic state,namely there are some similarities with the Pancasila democratic system which is the Indonesian state administration system.
ETIKA RELIGIUS IMAM GHAZALI
Authors: Isfaroh Isfaroh
Published: June 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan mengapa pemikiran etika al-Ghazali disebut sebagai etika religius, tulisan ini menggunakan metode interpretasi untuk menafsirkan pemikirannya tentang etika. Adapun yang ditemukan di dalam tulisan ini yaitu: pertama, pemikiran etika al-Ghazali disebut sebagai etika religius karena konsep etikanya mengacu pada keagamaa Islam dan menggunakan jalan sufistik yang menekankan pada pengalaman spiritual, kedua, tujuan dari etika religius yaitu mendapatkan kebahagiaan di akhirat, baik buruknya tindakan ditentukan oleh dampak dalam kehidupan di akhirat, dikatakan sebagai tindakan baik ketika mendukung untuk menuju kebahagiaan di akhirat dan dikatakan buruk ketika menghalanginya, ketiga, cara mendapatkan kebahagiaan di akhirat melalui ilmu dan amal.
Teologi Transformatif Pemikiran Moeslim Abdurrahman
Authors: Afandi Moh. Arif
Published: June 2022

This article explains transformative theology according to Moeslim Abdurrahman. In essence, theology is not only a problem with God but is closely related to social problems. The assumption that the scope of theology is only in the vertical realm requires a more serious review because this is a very narrow view. Theology should provide space to pay attention to social conditions in society, to see social inequality, injustice, and oppression. Then proceed to read the social structure critically, to find the cause of the social problem. The re-reading of Islamic theology is carried out so that it remains relevant to the times, able to solve existing social problems. This research is a literature study using qualitative methods, to analyze the data using an interpretation method, while the approach uses a social approach. The results of this research are the essence of transformative theology according to Moeslim Abdurrahman, the methods of transformative theology, and the goals of transformative theology.
Konsep Kebebasan Kehendak Manusia Sebagai Penentu Hidup Sosial: Studi Analisis Pemikiran Friedrich Nietzsche
Authors: Wafi Hasan Abdul , Firdausiyah Umi Wasilatul
Published: June 2022

The discourse of this research leads to social life, which in Friedrich Nietzsche's perspective is determined from the concept of freedom of human will. The purpose of this research is to examine how the concept of the free will of humans in Friedrich Nietzsche's perspective can be a determinant of human social life itself. The research method used by the author is in the form of philosophical hermeneutics, the type of data collection is documentation, and the data analysis is descriptive-philosophical. The results of this study are in the form of a benchmark for human life that depends on the freedom of human will, with Nietzsche's explanation that human life has a responsive structure that is hidden in the concept of freedom of will. This is what Nietzsche means in the influence of the support of human life. So that human social life will not be separated from human action and will, which is witnessed by consciousness, this also reflects the freedom of human will. In essence, the concept of freedom referred to by Nietzsche has the mission of forming human social life, both in terms of interaction and responsibility for humans themselves.
Artículos más citados en una revista transdisciplinar
Authors: Gómez Moreno Pedro Pablo
Published: June 2022

Estudios Artísticos: revista de investigación creadora, nace en el año 2015, en el contexto de la creación del Doctorado en Estudios Artísticos de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas.En consecuencia, es un medio de divulgación de los conocimientos producidos o creados por la comunidad académica ampliada de los estudios artísticos. Esta comunidad es emergente, y de ella forman parte líderes sociales y académicos de los campos de las artes, las ciencias sociales y las ciencias humanas, que aspiran a un diálogo más allá de las disciplinas, que traspase los espacios reducidos de sus objetos de estudio para converger en un lugar de encuentro de carácter inter y transdisciplinar. Por tal razón, los estudios artísticos no son un objeto de estudio, sino unespacio para la creación colaborativa y plural de conocimientos
Okul Yöneticisi Seçme Sürecini Deneyimleyen Yönetici Adaylarının Sözlü Sınav Yöntemine İlişkin Algıları
Authors: YOLCU Hüseyin , BAYRAM Arslan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul yöneticisi seçme sürecini deneyimleyen yönetici adaylarının sözlü sınav yöntemine ilişkin algılarını ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmada fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır.  Araştırmada maksimum çeşitlilik ve ölçüt örnekleme yöntemlerine uygun 10 kişilik bir çalışma grubu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri çalışma grubunda yer alan yönetici adaylarıyla yapılan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerin yanı sıra doküman toplama yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen nitel veriler içerik analizi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular yönetici adaylarının sözlü sınavda başarılı olmaları, kişisel faktörlerden daha çok çevresel faktörlere bağlı olduğu yönündedir. Yönetici adayları, yönetici seçme sınavının yalnızca sözlü sınava dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilmesinin, kendileri üzerinde olumsuz psikolojik etkilere yol açtığını düşünmektedir. Çalışma grubundan elde edilen veriler sözlü sınavın yönetici yeterliklerini ölçmede son derece yetersiz kaldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Yönetici seçme sınavında sözlü sınava göre daha nesnel, geçerlik ve güvenirliği daha yüksek olan yazılı sınavlara başvurulmalıdır.  Sözlü sınav, yazılı sınavların eksik bıraktığı yeterlik alanlarını ölçmede kullanılmalı ancak adayın yazılı sınavdaki başarı/başarısızlığının önüne geçmemelidir.
MODEL STEADY STATE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA ANGIN YANG BERBASIS PMSG UNTUK ANALISIS ALIRAN DAYA
Authors: Gianto Rudy
Published: June 2022

Akhir-akhir ini, kecenderungan penggunaan PLTAn (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin) kecepatan variabel yang berbasis PMSG (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator) telah mengalami peningkatan. Meningkatnya penetrasi PLTAn pada sistem tenaga akan memperumit analisis aliran daya sistem tersebut. Pada analisis aliran daya, generator-generator atau pembangkit-pembangkit daya konvensional umumnya dimodelkan sebagai pembangkit dengan daya aktif dan besar tegangan konstan (biasa disebut sebagai model PV). Akan tetapi, oleh karena PLTAn biasanya tidak menggunakan generator sinkron konvensional, ia tidak bisa lagi dinyatakan sebagai model PV. Oleh karenanya, pengembangan model keadaan tunak PLTAn dan modifikasi terhadap analisis aliran daya tersebut perlu dilakukan agar evaluasi terhadap performa keadaan tunak sistem dapat dilaksanakan. Makalah ini mengusulkan metode sederhana untuk mengikut-sertakan PLTAn yang berbasis PMSG pada analisis aliran daya sistem distribusi tenaga listrik. Usulan model tersebut diturunkan berdasarkan persamaan-persamaan yang menghitung: (i) tegangan dan arus pada rangkaian ekivalen PMSG, (ii) daya-daya PLTAn (yaitu: masukan daya mekanik turbin dan keluaran daya listrik PMSG), dan (iii) rugi-rugi daya PLTAn. Dengan demikian, kerumitan dalam hal memodelkan peralatan elektronika daya tidak ditemukan dalam metode yang diusulkan tersebut. Makalah ini juga membahas hasil-hasil dari penerapan metode yang diusulkan pada suatu sistem distribusi tenaga listrik.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN MATERIAL ALUMINIUM SEBAGAI BAHAN KERANGKA PENYUSUN MOTOR BRUSHLESS DIRECT CURRENT 3 PHASE AXIAL FLUX
Authors: Aqila Rista Nabilla , Hadi Widyono , Setiawan Andi
Published: June 2022

Salah satu bentuk dari perkembangan teknologi motor listrik yang banyak digunakan saat ini adalah motor brushless direct current 3 phase axial flux. Motor ini memiliki nilai efisiensi yang tinggi dan nilai torsi awal yang lebih besar karena menggunakan magnet permanen. Selain itu, motor brushless direct current juga tidak menimbulkan suara bising serta memerlukan proses pendinginan yang lebih mudah. Penelitian ini membandingkan pengaruh dari penggunaan bahan akrilik dengan bahan alumunium sebagai bahan pembuatan rotor. Dari hasil pengujian motor brushless direct current 3 phase axial flux diketahui bahwa penggunaan rotor aluminium memberikan hasil yang lebih baik daripada penggunaan rotor akrilik. Hal ini terjadi karena bahan aluminium dapat mengurungkan medan magnet pada sebuah motor. Medan magnet yang berputar pada porosnya dapat meningkatkan efisiensi motor, sehingga hasil yang diperoleh lebih maksimal.
IMPLEMENTASI FILTER GRAY LEVEL CO-OCCURANCE MATRIKS TERHADAP SISTEM KLASIFIKASI KANKER PAYUDARA DENGAN METODE CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Rohman Muhammad Ariefur , Mudjirahardjo Panca , Muslim M. Aziz
Published: June 2022

Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyakit dengan proyeksi kematian terbesar selama 10 tahun terakhir dengan indeks kematian mencapai rata-rata 5 juta per-tahun, dan diprediksi akan terus naik hingga 60% di seluruh dunia. Umumnya, banyak metode yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi penyakit ini, salah satunya dengan mengamati jaringan histopatology. Banyak dari para ilmuwan, yang menggunakan jaringan histopatology untuk menganalisa, mengamati dan membuat sistem klasifikasi kanker payudara dengan berbagai metode, seperti: convolutional neural network, deep learning, support vector machine. Penggunaan metode convolutional neural network terbukti paling unggul pada sistem klasifikasi kanker payudara, namun akurasi rata-rata yang dihasilkan relatif cukup rendah. Selain itu, penggunaan metode convolutional neural network, membutuhkan waktu komputasi yang relatif lama untuk mengklasifikasikan 7909 dataset ukuran 4 GB. Berdasarkan alasan tersebut, desain sebuah sistem klasifikasi dengan mengimplementasikan Gray Level Co-occurance Matrix pada saat prapengolahan data CNN di butuhkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penggunaan  metode  CNN  menghasilkan  waktu  komputasi  lebih  lama,  yaitu:  3300  detik  dibandingkan  dengan kombinasi metode GLCM Entropy dan CNN 2040 detik. Sedangkan rata-rata akurasi latih dan uji yang dihasilkan oleh metode kombinasi GLCM entropy dan CNN adalah  92,26% dan 94,16%, lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan metode CNN, yaitu: 88,41% untuk data latih, dan 87,68% untuk data uji.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF BUILDING BLOCKS OF A LOW-DROPOUT VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Authors: Wardhana Arief Wisnu , Nugraha Azis Wisnu Widhi , Atmojo Eko , Fadli Ari
Published: June 2022

Low dropout regulators (LDOs) are a simple and inexpensive way to regulate an output voltage that is powered from a higher voltage input [1]. An LDO regulator is a DC linear voltage regulator that can regulate the magnitude of the output voltage even when the supply voltage is very close to the output voltage. In this research paper, various building blocks of a CMOS-based low-dropout voltage regulator were designed and simulated using Multisim LIVE, an online circuit simulator. All of the building blocks were then combined to form the device. Based on the results of the simulation, several spesifications of the LDO were determined. Those are the LDO’s dropout voltage, its quiescent current, its load regulation, and its line regulation. At the end of the design process, during testing it can be shown that this LDO resulted in a dropout voltage of magnitude 200 mV at 200 mA load current which is quite a low dropout voltage. The design has a quiescent current of magnitude 300 , a load regulation of magnitude ,  and a line regulation of magnitude .
Thinking, a Diverse and Inclusive Process: An Epistemological Look
Authors: Tomé José Manuel Salum
Published: June 2022

Contemporary education has taken on the challenge of promoting different programs aimed at promoting inclusive teaching-learning processes that facilitate attention to diversity. It is evident that the integration of students with special needs in regular educational centers has caused significant changes in the curriculum, infrastructure and training among teachers. In the last ten years, educational inclusion has made significant progress, but much remains to be done to expand inclusive spaces.
Expression of Public Opinion and Sentiment of Online Gender Antagonism in China-- A Case Study of Yang Li and her Talk Show
Authors: Li Yazheng
Published: June 2022

In 2020, a Chinese stand-up comedy competition series ‘Rock & Roast’ went viral because of gender issues. Yang Li, one of the comedians, labeled men as "ordinary but confident men" by saying, "How can he be so average, yet so full of confidence?" in the show. In a December episode, she talked about telling a male comedian her new jokes. He replied that she was "testing men's limits." "Do men even have limits?" Yang sarcastically asked, triggering a fresh wave of criticism. Yang Li divides some common issues between men and women into gender, and his own bias will naturally lead to debate. It seems men and women almost "fight" with each other on the Internet. Because of this, this paper took Yang Li and her show as a typical case, mining the review data on Sina Weibo employing various methodological approaches, concluding the content analysis, word frequency analysis, semantic network, and sentimental analysis. In this paper, we objectively showed a trend of user attitude, distinguished different gender groups are negative emotions, presented the evolution of public opinion of each period, and further discussed the reasons for the formation of the "gender antithesis" event and the underlying social problems.
A Theory of Brain-Based Followership
Authors: Forbes Raymond
Published: June 2022

Studies and theories of followership have tended to take a back seat to their more prominent cousin, leadership research.  There does, however, seem to be considerable agreement among researchers about the integral role of the follower in co-determining organizational performance. Until relatively recently there has been little focus on the overall contriibution of the follower to organizational success. The intent of this paper is to shed new light on the current state of followership research, identify some of the critical issues that confound its findings, and to propose an alternate theoretical approach that is based in neuroscientific research.  The suggested brain-based theory is base on a synthesis of the current research on followership as well as recent findings in brain science.
Relationship Between Purpose, Types and Elements of Instruction and Assessment
Authors: Tarsilla Kibaara
Published: June 2022

Instruction and assessment are commonly used terms in teaching and learning processes. The meaning of these critical concepts in education  have been studied and documented by various scholars overtime. Curriculum is  a continuous reconstruction, moving from the learner’s present experience out  into that represented by the organized bodies of truth that disciplines.   Curriculum  is also all the learning experiences planned and directed by the school to attain its education goals ,aims and objectives. All scholars point to the  fact that curriculum consists of all that the school or  college may select and consciously organize for the purpose of developing the personality of learners and for making behavior change in them. A curriculum purpose is achieved through instruction. Instruction is defined as a process of   facilitating a learner to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes and values through organized schedules. The purpose of instruction is evaluated through assessment.  Assessment refers to a process by which information is obtained relative to some known objectives or goals. Assessments is a abroad term that includes testing. Assessments measure progress at the end of a programme. Assessment determine the extent to which a programme goal/goals have been achieved. The definitions of these educational terminologies denote a strong relationship instruction and assessment. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship among these concepts with a view of enabling an  effective alignment in teaching and learning process.  The major relationship between instruction and assessment lie in purpose, types and elements.
Edukacja jako zadanie otwarte. Edukacja do samodzielności. Warsztaty z dociekań filozoficznych. Teoria i metodyka Aldony Pobojewskiej wsparciem metodycznym w kryzysie edukacji
Authors: Skrzypczak Alicja
Published: June 2022

The publication of Aldona Pobojewska Edukacja do samodzielności. Warsztaty z dociekań filozoficznych. Teoria i metodyka is an important work, supporting educator’s theoretical workshop and practice, that offers an original method of “workshop in philosophical inquiry” (WDF) embedded in Matthew Lipman’s philosophy and in his project Philosophy for Children. The method targets education to specific current problems of the social world, including the ethical world, and indicates the need for the development of social competencies via discussion and for the shaping of autonomy attitude, both moral and intellectual. Interdisciplinary character of WDF method allows the reader and the person leading the class to accept various perspectives: philosophical, psychological and pedagogical. However, as the author claims, the philosophical perspective is the one exposed the most in the publication. WDF is used for initial reflection on general problems associated with a given discipline and for strengthening competencies that constitute the future intellectual capital. It is the answer for the question of a possibility of escaping the current education crisis, the encouragement to express opinions on the expectations towards contemporary education and the way of participating in decisionmaking process concerning its shape. Therefore, the aim of the method is responsibility founded on participation and mutual trust as well as on conscious development of key competencies in the process of self-determination.
La evolución del derecho agrario a 50 años de la “teoria della agrarietà”
Authors: Malanos Nancy L.
Published: June 2022

Durante años se discutió acerca de la existencia o no de principios generales propios y exclusivos del derecho agrario que permitieran justificar su autonomía. Ante la imposibilidad de identificarlos Antonio Carrozza propone cambiar de método. Buscará, entonces, el fundamento de la autonomía en el interior de los institutos jurídicos particulares factibles de agruparse sobre un común denominador de agrariedad. Surge así, en 1972, su teoría de la agrariedad basada en el ciclo biológico. Actualmente no discutimos la autonomía del derecho agrario. Desde hace años estudiamos su constante evolución y nos preguntamos, como lo hace el Profesor Roman Budzinowski: ¿qué es el Derecho agrario hoy en día?
Legal regime on food contracts in Spain: Freedom of agreements and mandatory contractual conditions
Authors: Amat Llombart Pablo
Published: June 2022

This article examines the main measures adopted by Spanish law 12/2013 on improving the functioning of the food chain, recently amended. The starting point of the deliberations was the correct determination of the type of commercial and legal relations between chain operators, to which the discussed legislation applies. Next, the legal regime on the food contract which is mandatory for most transactions between suppliers and buyers of agricultural and food products was analysed. This involved the examination of the concept, the nature and types of food contracts. The Spanish legislation is halfway between the recognition of the freedom of agreements concluded by parties and the imposition of certain mandatory requirements on parties entering into contracts. Food operators must be aware of the formal requirements imposed on them in private contracts (regarding both their content an form), the main aspects of which have been analysed in the article.
Z prawnej problematyki świadczenia usług opiekuńczych w gospodarstwach rolnych
Authors: Krzysztofik-Pelka Magdalena
Published: June 2022

Celem rozważań jest charakterystyka gospodarstw opiekuńczych i określenie ich statusu prawnego. W artykule zostało omówione pojęcie wielofunkcyjnego rozwoju gospodarstw rolnych i jego odniesienie do gospodarstw opiekuńczych. Konieczne było również umiejscowienie gospodarstwa opiekuńczego w systemie rolnictwa społecznego. W konkluzji autorka stwierdziła m.in., że omawiana problematyka łączy realizację celów polityki społecznej i rolnej. Gospodarstwo opiekuńcze wpisuje się w proces deinstytucjonalizacji pomocy społecznej w Polsce, jak również stanowi sposób na zagospodarowanie niewykorzystanych zasobów gospodarstw oraz wzmocnienie roli małych i średnich gospodarstw rolnych.
Pedagogika społeczna wobec wartości
Authors: Sroczyński Wojciech
Published: June 2022

Problem znaczenia aksjologicznych podstaw teorii i praktyki działania pedagogicznego stanowił i jest ważnym polem badawczym pedagogów. Problematyka wartości znajduje w nim istotne miejsce. Podejmowana jest głównie w ramach pedagogiki ogólnej. Teoretycy pedagogiki społecznej budując teoretyczne podstawy kształtowania środowiska wychowawczego, działania socjalno-pomocowego, opiekuńczego, kulturalnego, nieformalnej edukacji publicznej odnoszą się do problemu wartości od początków zaistnienia tej dyscypliny. Jak definiuje się wartości? Jak istnieją i jakie mają znaczenie w życiu człowieka? Jaką postawę wobec wartości przyjmują teoretycy pedagogiki społecznej w sytuacji wyemancypowania się z obszaru jej naukowych analiz węższych specjalności? Czy pedagogika społeczna może być wobec wąskich specjalności czymś w rodzaju meta-teorii? Tego typu zagadnienia stanowią zasadniczy wątek analiz prezentowanego artykułu.
Identifying ELF programs in Italian University websites: what gaps need to be filled
Authors: De Bartolo Anna Maria
Published: June 2022

The present paper stems from an awareness that English has become the most widely used means of intercultural communication on a global scale. Therefore, intercultural communication is more likely to occur through English used as a lingua franca than in any other language used as a lingua franca. English has transcended boundaries and has allowed people from distant cultures to come closer and find common grounds. If, on the one hand, the rise of English has been criticized as a threat to minority languages and cultures, on the other, English has been the means by which people are connected across national and international borders. European Universities and University Language Centres are known to be multicultural environments that provide students with opportunities to familiarise with diverse cultural backgrounds and experience non-native English speech. If therefore, university staff and professionals engage regularly with a multilingual population, they have to be prepared to deal with and respond to their different needs. Within this framework, University degree programs need to be able to cope with a changing cultural and linguistic environment where multilingual speakers increasingly interact in English with other non-native English speakers. In the light of these considerations, this small case study intends to raise awareness of the need to integrate academic degree programs with courses which specifically address Intercultural Communication and English as a Lingua Franca. A sample of Italian university websites has been analysed with a view to identifying the extent to which the aforementioned issues are incorporated within the course programs observed. Preliminary results will be described and considerations suggested.
General and specialist vocabulary knowledge as predictors of academic success in EMI university programs
Authors: Masrai Ahmed , Salam El-Dakhs Dina Abdel , Al Khawar Hisham
Published: June 2022

The current study aimed to examine the contribution of general and specialist vocabulary knowledge to undergraduate students’ academic achievement in university courses which are delivered in English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in non-English speaking countries. To this end, the scores of 106 Arab undergraduates on a general vocabulary test (GVT) and on a computer science specialist vocabulary test (CSSVT) were examined in comparison with their final grades on a university-level computer science course, which they studied in English. The results showed a significant and positive correlation between the students’ scores on the GVT and the CSSVT and their final course grades. Additionally, it was found that the combined scores of the two tests can explain 16.1% of the variance in the students’ final course grades. Hence, the general and specialist vocabulary knowledge can predict students’ academic achievement in EMI courses. The results are discussed in relation to the existing literature. Pedagogical implications are presented and directions for future research are recommended.
Developing a rating scale for integrated assessment of reading-into-writing skills
Authors: O’Grady Stefan , Taşkesen Özgür
Published: June 2022

An important aspect of language assessment development is to create tasks that engage the competencies required in the target situation. For this reason, English-medium university entrance tests increasingly feature integrated reading-into-writing tasks as a way of enhancing target domain representation. Despite increased use of this task type, studies outlining the development of rating scales designed specifically for integrated assessments are rare. To this end, the study reports on the development of a rating scale to assess performance on an integrated reading-into-writing task as part of an English-medium university entrance test in Turkey. The authors discuss an iterative process of rating scale development involving examiner feedback, a focus group and many-facet Rasch measurement to validate the rating scale. The results indicate that the scale represents the integrated construct appropriately and reliably separates test candidates into different levels of ability.
Vers une dynamique collaborative d’enseignement/apprentissage au sein de la démarche communic’actionnelle
Authors: Baquero Fanny , Dupont Pascal
Published: June 2022

This article presents the results of a study in which we favoured the communic’actionnelle approach in the context of the teaching/learning process of French as a Foreign Language FLE. The study was carried out within the two undergraduate language degrees in two Colombian universities. All the social actors involved in the process used their prior knowledge, their individual culture, their experiential experiences, and all the capacities they possess to reach the final task, namely, the project of collaborative writing of an online newspaper and animation of a radio show. The dynamic of integrated evaluation throughout the project played an important role in this study. We show the benefits of a cross-evaluation carried out as a continuum being a factor of awareness, motivation, and self-reflection among learners.
Fire performance of timber: review for use in wildland-urban interfaces
Authors: Winandy Jerrold E. , Wiesner Felix , Hassan Babar , Morrell Jeffrey J.
Published: June 2022

Wood is increasingly viewed as a more environmentally sustainable material owing to its low embodied energy, workability, and renewability, but its two major drawbacks are susceptibility to biological degradation and fire. Biodegradation is typically addressed through effective designs to exclude moisture or, where that is not possible, the use of either naturally durable or chemically protected timber. Naturally durable timbers are widely used globally while preservative treatments are increasingly used to protect less durable timbers. These practices have markedly extended the use and service life of timber in harsher environments. However, these treatments do not improve the fire performance of the timber and there is increasing interest in the use of fire resistive coatings or impregnation with fire retardants to allow use in bushfire prone areas. This review provides background on the problems associated with increased building and construction in the wildland-urban interface. It summarizes the codes, standards and state of the art practices needed for adequate fire safety in timber construction.
Traveling wave solutions of the generalized Rosenau–Kawahara-RLW equation via the sine–cosine method and a generalized auxiliary equation method
Authors: Sabi’u Jamilu , Rezazadeh Hadi , Cimpoiasu Rodica , Constantinescu Radu
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we have approached a complicated nonlinear wave equation which links the Rosenau–Kawahara equation to the regularized long wave (RLW) equation. Taking advantages from the sine–cosine method as well as from the generalized auxiliary equation method, we have successfully reached to three types of traveling wave solutions: periodic, hyperbolic and exponential ones. Our results do constitute themselves as a challenge to apply the mentioned techniques in order to solve other generalized dynamical models, for example, the ones which involve phenomena such as a fully nonlinear dispersion and a fully nonlinear convection.
Potential biomarkers for inflammatory response in acute lung injury
Authors: Zheng Lanzhi , Zhang Zhuoyi , Song Kang , Xu Xiaoyang , Tong Yixin , Wei Jinling , Jiang Lu
Published: June 2022

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe respiratory disorder occurring in critical care medicine, with high rates of mortality and morbidity. This study aims to screen the potential biomarkers for ALI.

Microarray data of lung tissues from lung-specific geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase large subunit 1 knockout and wild-type mice treated with lipopolysaccharide were downloaded. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ALI and wild-type mice were screened. Functional analysis and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) modules were analyzed. Finally, a miRNA-transcription factor (TF)-target regulation network was constructed.

Totally, 421 DEGs between ALI and wild-type mice were identified. The upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, and fatty acid metabolic process, while downregulated DEGs were related to cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and regulation of cytokine production. Cxcl5, Cxcl9, Ccr5, and Cxcr4 were key nodes in the PPI network. In addition, three miRNAs (miR505, miR23A, and miR23B) and three TFs (PU1, CEBPA, and CEBPB) were key molecules in the miRNA-TF-target network. Nine genes including ADRA2A, P2RY12, ADORA1, CXCR1, and CXCR4 were predicted as potential druggable genes.

As a conclusion, ADRA2A, P2RY12, ADORA1, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCR1, and CXCR4 might be novel markers and potential druggable genes in ALI by regulating inflammatory response.
Simplifying grammatical gender in inflectional languages: Odessa Russian and beyond
Authors: Madariaga Nerea , Romanova Olga
Published: June 2022

This work aims to contribute to the analysis of the morphosyntactic processes of gender assignment and gender agreement in inflectional languages, through the study of gender variation in Russian. We will focus on the data of a special contact variety, Odessa Russian (OdR), and compare it to standard, dialectal, child Russian, as well as other contact varieties of Russian. OdR is a linguistic variety slightly decomplexified by non-native acquisition, which arises from a special language contact situation; it originated as alingua franca, and was passed on later to successive generations of speakers as a native variety. Some of the most striking features of OdR are its divergences in gender assignment and agreement with respect to Standard Russian. The specific processes analysed in this paper are classified in three groups: (i) loss of a gender value (neuter gender), by virtue if a strategy of gender (re)assignment; (ii) transfer or ‘migration’ of gender according to the phonological shape of the words involved (masculine into feminine and feminine into masculine); interestingly, formal rules in this group of processes can sometimes prevail over semantic rules (i. e. over natural gender); and (iii) disruptions of gender agreement (associated with disruption of grammatical case), which can be interpreted as the simplification of the corresponding syntactic tree by eliminating uninterpretable gender features in the language. We will show that these processes go beyond mere substrata effects, and proceed according to more general processes that partially take place also in other (contact and non-contact) varieties of Russian. More specifically: (i) occasional changes in the assignment and agreement of gender are reminiscent of dialectal Russian, but are more widespread in OdR (closer to child language) than in those varieties; (ii) even if gender in OdR was not lost as a grammatical category, some productions point to a partial loss of gender features, reminding us of pidgins and heritage languages.
Semantic maps and temperature: Capturing the lexicon-grammar interface across languages
Authors: Koptjevskaja-Tamm Maria
Published: June 2022

Traditionally, lexical typology has to a large extent been interested inlexical categorizationof various cognitive domains (e. g.,colour,perception,body), i. e., in how these are cut up by the most important words in a language, and inlexical motivation, or formal relatedness, i. e., in whether words for certain concepts are completely unrelated or related to others via polysemy or derivation (e. g., intransitive vs. transitive verbs, words for ‘day’ and ‘sun’, etc.).Grammatical behaviorof words andmorphosyntactic patternsas encoding meanings traditionally belong to grammatical typology. In this paper, I consider the domain oftemperatureand show how the close interaction between lexicon and grammar in the encoding of the temperature domain across languages calls for an integrated lexico-grammatical approach to these phenomena. As a useful tool for such an enterprise I suggest an elaborated semantic map comprising three layers – the layer specifying the words with the information on their mutual formal relations (i. e., whether they are identical, completely unrelated or related via derivation or inflection), their morphosyntactic properties (e. g., their part-of-speech affiliation, inflectional potential, etc.), and the constructions they occur in.
Rentabilidad y producción del maíz VS-535 en respuesta a la fertilización química y biológica
Authors: Aguilar Carpio Cid , Arriaga Rubio Luz María , Cervantes Adame Yessica Flor , Arenas Julio Yasmani Rafael , Escalante Estrada José Alberto Salvador
Published: June 2022

El maíz es el cultivo más importante para los productores mexicanos, sin embargo, los bajos rendimientos y el alto costo generan una baja rentabilidad en el cultivo, por lo que productos biológicos pudieran mejorar la producción en el cultivo. Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la fertilización química y biológica sobre la rentabilidad, crecimiento y rendimiento del maíz VS-535, este estudio se llevó a cabo bajo condiciones de riego en el ejido de Cacahuatlan, municipio de Tlayacapan, Morelos, México. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar y cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron cinco tratamientos con aplicación de Rhizophagus irregularis en asociación con la fertilización química. Las variables bajo estudio se sometieron a un análisis de varianza, comparación de medias Tukey, análisis de regresión y rentabilidad. Los resultados muestran que el fertilizante químico al 100% en asociaciones con Rhizophagus irregularis promovió la mejor altura, área foliar, peso seco y rentabilidad. El mayor rendimiento y peso de granos se logró con la fertilización al 100% + Rhizophagus irregularis, así como con la fertilización química al 100%.