bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan dan Pandemik Covid-19 (Pengalaman dari Arab Saudi dalam Perspektif Soft Sytem Methodology (SSM))
Authors: Trisnawati Trisnawati , Fitriati Rachma
Published: May 2021

Information communication technology (ICT) continues to increase human activities. Higher Education Institutions around the world have used this technology to enhance learning experiences and overcome geographic barriers in the creation and delivery of educational knowledge. In this context, online distance education (PJJ) has become popular in Higher Education as an educational process that can help them achieve international prestige as well as increase their student numbers through ICT-based learning. Including in the current Covid-19 pandemic era, the PJJ method is the only solution in this pandemic. However, the successful implementation of PJJ using ICT presents a number of challenges. This paper explores institutional, technological, cultural and learner challenges, the manifestation of which can vary from country to country using Checkland's Soft System Methodology (SSM) as a learning methodology. We present an empirical examination of the challenges of PJJ in the context of Saudi culture during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Ciudades sostenibles. Un enfoque diferenciado del desarrollo de las ciudades
Authors: Acurero Luzardo Marilú , Pérez Prieto María Elena
Published: May 2021

La innovación se ha posicionado como el motor que impulsa el desarrollo de las naciones. Desde las grandes economías de las potencias mundiales hasta economías emergentes propias de países en desarrollo, han implementado Innovación en sus procesos productivos, logrando con ello posicionar sus economías regional y mundialmente. La innovación se apoya en la I+D, y esta, a su vez, se fortalece con los recursos destinados por las naciones. En el caso de Colombia, es grande el reto en materia de investigación, es necesario la concientización de que, a mayor inversión, más número de investigadores realizando estudio, más modernizadas las empresas y un mayor crecimiento económico regional.
Critical Reflections on Fraser: What Equality Are We Seeking?
Authors: Lawrence Sonia
Published: May 2021

In this brief comment, I contextualise and complicate the conventional reading of Fraser v Canada as a victory for equality seeking groups.1 Instead, or at least alongside that reading, I want to suggest some other stories about the trajectory of equality in Canada since the Charter2 era began, and about what future doctrinal developments Fraser might lead us to predict.

1 Fraser v Canada (Attorney General), 2020 SCC 28 [Fraser]. 2 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (UK), 1982, c 11.
RADIACTIVE EQUILIBRIUM IN THE MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Gay C. , Thomas G. E.
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se describe un estudio teórico del estado de equilibrio Radiativo de la Atmósfera media; nuestro enfoque es básicamente analítico. Se introduce un nuevo método general de solución basado en las dunciones radiativas características (modos naturales de decaimiento de perturbaciones de temperatura en la atmósfera). Los resultados del método son comparados con otros obtenidos por métos puramente numéricos, mostrando excelente precisión además de la conveniencia del uso de los métodos analíticos.
MODERN RECRUITMENT TECHNOLOGIES AND METHODS OF MOTIVATION IN THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Authors:   State University of Humanities and Technology, GUZHINA G.N. , EZHKOVA V.G. ,   State University of Humanities and Technology
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the properties of personnel technologies in the field of recruiting personnel, to search for key trends based on modern technologies. It is modern personnel technologies that will create a close-knit, professional team of innovative-minded employees who are able to creatively solve emerging problems and make the organization successful in modern conditions. Analyzing the unstable conditions of the external environment of the problem under consideration, we have the opportunity to state that in the modern period in which economic relations are developing, staffing of any enterprise is an essential element of its functioning and competitiveness. Since the environment for the functioning of enterprises is constantly changing, accordingly, the issues under consideration are in a state of transformation, which in turn dictates the need to search for modern tools to regulate this issue. Heads of enterprises, personnel departments, recruiting agencies are primarily interested in finding innovative, proactive, highly professional employees, and this is possible only by gradually improving the existing personnel selection system and adjusting measures for effective personnel development As a result of the research, the authors came to the conclusion that the designated process will be effective only when its main purpose is to increase the potential of the enterprise itself, as well as to increase its competitive position in the market.
AN INTERPRETING ANALYSIS OF IU’S HIT SONGS THAT ACHIEVE PERFECT ALL-KILL
Authors: Pramudita Gita Tiara Putri Quraisyma
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, all about K-Pop (Korean Pop) widely known in the world, South Korea’s music industry is known to have a music chart system that is very influential on the career and achievement of a singer. The system is to measure the success of a group or solo singer when they release a song. Some of the terms that are known by most K-Pop fans are real-time all-kill (RAK) certificates, certified all-kill (CAK), and perfect all-kill (PAK). Songs that receive RAK, CAK, or PAK certificates, can be interpreted as best-selling songs played on digital music services in Korea. This is an interpreting analysis of IU’s hit songs taken from 2011 until 2020, aimed to see what linguistic factors that makes them hit and achieve PAK. This research used a qualitative method. This research concluded 8 from 15 of IU songs make it achieve PAK because of numerous factors such as: the music, the instrument, the singing style, and the lyric with figurative languages. In academic environments, teacher may teach the students how to analyze song lyric because it is useful to teach vocabulary, idiom, and also elements of poetry. Keywords:  Analysis, Interpreting, Music, IU
As disputas no campo da política da educação infantil no contexto da pandemia
Authors: Pereira Eugênia da Silva , Silva Elenice de Brito Teixeira , Prado Jany Rodrigues
Published: May 2021

A Educação Infantil se situa nas encruzilhadas postas pela situação de distanciamento social provocada pela Covid-19: esta pandemia tornou pública sua centralidade como política de promoção do desenvolvimento da primeira infância e, ao mesmo tempo, colocou a pesquisa e a Pedagogia em estado de mobilização nacional pelos direitos dos bebês e crianças sem ferir os princípios basilares conquistados com a luta dos movimentos de mulheres nos últimos cinquenta anos. Ao completarmos um ano desde o fechamento dos prédios escolares, é necessário avaliar quais articulações foram possíveis para construir uma política de Educação Infantil inteiramente singular com vistas a reposicionar as relações entre famílias e escolas no compartilhamento do cuidado e educação dos bebês e crianças. É a partir desses objetivos que dialogamos neste texto sobre as disputas e embates que permeiam a gestão da política de Educação Infantil nos Territórios de Identidade Sertão Produtivo e Velho Chico, na Bahia, a partir de estudo realizado pelo Observatório da Infância e Educação Infantil (ObEI), da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB). As disputas no campo das políticas públicas apresentam convergências e divergências na implementação e proposição de ações após o fechamento das escolas e a adesão ao funcionamento remoto.
Caminhos da política estadual cearense, entre ações e intenções: professor diretor de uma turma em questão
Authors: Batista José Wandsson do Nascimento , Freire Vitória Chérida Costa , Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza , Brandenburg Cristine
Published: May 2021

O artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a Política Educacional do Estado do Ceará e seu alinhamento à ideologia neoliberal, que acarretou modificações no contexto educacional, especificamente com o Projeto Professor Diretor de Turma (PPDT), objeto desta investigação. Nosso objetivo é descrever o processo de implementação do Projeto Professor Diretor de Turma no Ceará. A pesquisa adota abordagem qualitativa e desenvolve estudo de cunho teórico, crítico e reflexivo acerca do PPDT. Considera-se que o PPDT é uma política educacional que impõe corresponsabilização do professor à frente do projeto com questões inerentes à gestão da escola, além de precarizar a atuação reflexiva em sala de aula, priorizar a obtenção de resultados e sobrecarregar o ofício docente.
Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Responses of Fiber Metal Nanocomposite Laminates with Double-Edged Cracks
Authors: Jen Ming-Hwa , Hsu Li-Jen , Liang Yu-Cheng , Wu Ying-Hui
Published: May 2021

The fiber metal laminates (FMLs) of both Ti/APC-2 neat and nanocomposite
laminates were fabricated. The double-edged cracks of both symmetry and
anti-symmetry were cut in FMLs. From tensile tests we received the load
vs. displacement curves and mechanical properties. From cyclic tests the
load vs. cycles (P-N) curves, residual life, and failure mechanisms were
obtained. The mechanical properties of symmetrically cracked specimens
were slightly lower than those of anti-symmetrically cracked
counterparts. As the crack length increasing and inclined angle
decreasing, the fatigue life decreased. The enhancement of nano-powder
improved the ultimate load and fatigue life. The local stress intensity
at the crack tip dominates the fatigue responses. The piece of
elliptical part was observed from cyclic tests at failure. Although the
attraction of two crack tips accelerated the crack growth rate, however,
the delay to failure was caused by forming a small piece of ellipse
centrally.
Impact of a One-Stop Rapid Access Venous Ulcer Clinic on Inpatient Admissions
Authors: Keohane Colum , Alagha Momhammed , O'Shaughnessy Marie , Joyce Doireann , Tawfick Wael , Tubassam Muhammad , WALSH STEWART
Published: May 2021

Abstract Objective To determine whether the introduction of a one-stop
see and treat clinic offering early reflux ablation for Venous Leg Ulcer
(VLU) patients in July 2016 has affected rates of unplanned inpatient
admissions due to venous ulceration. Design Review of inpatient
admission data and analysis of related costs. Materials The Hospital
Inpatient Enquiry collects data from acute public hospitals in Ireland
on admissions and discharges, coded by diagnosis and acuity. This was
the primary source of all data relating to admissions and length of
stay. Costs were calculated from data published by the Health Service
Executive in Ireland on average costs per inpatient stay for given
diagnosis codes. Methods Data were collected on admission rates, length
of stay, overall bed day usage, and costs across a four-year period; the
two years since the introduction of the rapid access clinic, and the two
years immediately prior as a control. Results 218 patients admitted with
VLUs accounted for a total of 2,529 inpatient bed-days, with 4.5(2-6)
unplanned admissions, and a median hospital stay of 7(4-13) days per
month. Median unplanned admissions per month decreased from 6(2.5-8.5)
in the control period, to 3.5(2-5) after introduction of the clinic
p=.040. Bed-day usage was significantly reduced from median
62.5(27-92.5), to 36.5(21-44) bed-days per month (p=.035), though length
of stay remained unchanged (p=.57). Cost of unplanned inpatient
admissions fell from median
\euro33,336.25(\euro14,401.26-\euro49,337.65)
per month to
\euro19,468.37(\euro11,200.98-\euro22,401.96)
(p=.03). Conclusions Admissions for inpatient management of VLUs have
fallen after beginning aggressive endovenous treatment of venous reflux
in a dedicated one-stop see-and-treat clinic for these patients. As a
result, bed-day usage has also fallen, leading to cost savings.
Novel treatments in Epilepsy guided by Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: Marini Carla , Giardino Maria
Published: May 2021

Identifying the optimal treatment based on specific aetiology of each
patient is the main promise of precision medicine. In order to realize
this promise researches and physicians must first identify the
underlying cause; over the last 10 years, advances in genetics have made
this possible for several monogenic epilepsies. At present through next
generation techniques we can reach the precise genetic aetiology in 30
to 50% of genetic epilepsies beginning in the paediatric age. While
committed in such gene hunting, progresses in the study of experimental
models of epilepsy have also provided a better understanding of the
mechanisms underlying the condition. Such impressive advances is already
being translated into improving care, management and treatment of some
patients. Identification of a precise genetic etiology can already
direct physicians to prescribe treatments correcting specific metabolic
defects avoid antiseizure medicines that can aggravate the pathogenic
defect or select the drug that counteract the functional disturbance
caused by the gene mutation. Personalized, tailored treatments should
not just focus on how to stop seizures but possibly preventing their
onset and cure the disorder often consisting of epilepsy and its
comorbidities including cognitive, motor and behavior deficiencies. This
review discusses the therapeutic implications following a specific
genetic diagnosis and the correlation between genetic findings,
pathophysiological mechanism and tailored seizure treatment emphasizing
the impact on current clinical practice.
Main Directions of Pedagogical Research into Video Resources and Technologies for Foreign Language Learning
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Popova Nina , Dashkina Alexandra ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Odinokaya Maria ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Kuzmina Anna ,   St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications named after Prof. M. A. Bonch-Bruevich
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the paper is to study the use of video resources and video application technologies in teaching foreign languages to technical university students. Regional studies and cross-cultural communication of native speakers in video, as well as the socially significant pedagogical content of educational video materials, are most popular among teachers, whereas professionally oriented video is underestimated. The following directions of pedagogical research into the methodology of using video in foreign language studies were revealed and analysed: (1) comparison of the results of learning lexical material in groups of students listening to the same content in the “audio only” and “audio + video” modes with a clear advantage of the second group; (2) the analysis of video modes without subtitles and with bimodal captions revealing a significant advantage of the second mode; (3) review of four examples of existing technologies for classroom mode contrasting them with the proposed flipped classroom technology of independent student work with video resources using VideoAnt and MindMeister programs. In conclusion, an assumption is made about the advantage of using video materials in students’ independent work. Keeping in mind technical university objectives, the most promising video research direction is technology development for enhancing the efficiency of professionally-oriented documentary video.
Exploring Brand Personality in Higher Education
Authors:   Riga Technical University, Roskosa Antra , Stukalina Yulia ,   Transport and Telecommunication Institute
Published: May 2021

The increasing role of branding in the higher education sector is closely associated with the enhanced marketing orientation of a modern university. This, in turn, is determined by intensified competition between higher education institutions for students, staff, sponsors and research funding. A strong university’s brand related to excellent academic reputation can become a means for gaining competitive advantage in the global education marketplace. Brand is regarded as a complex concept comprising different constituents, brand image being an essential branding facet. Brand image is linked to customers’ perceptions of a brand that are echoed by a set of brand associations – usage situations, product attributes and brand personality. The aim of the paper is to explore brand personality in higher education based on the data collected in two tertiary education institutions – RTU (Riga Technical University) and TSI (Transport and Telecommunication Institute). The study makes use of the conceptual customer-based brand equity model (CBBE) created by K.L. Keller, which assumes that brand equity is closely related to strong positive and exclusive brand associations that can be expressed as brand benefits, attitudes and attributes, brand personality attributes being an essential aspect of brand equity. For exploring brand personality, the paper also applies the brand personality framework, including brand personality dimensions and associated attributes, developed by J.L. Aaker. The paper reports the results of a survey used to collect information about RTU and TSI students’ perceptions of different brand personality attributes. The results of the empirical study demonstrate that every university is recommended to be tolerant, open-minded and respected. The base of it lies on the same ground – the respect towards the personality. Moreover, every university is also recommended to become a “modern brand”, innovation, creativity and thinking “out of the box” being essential characteristics of the brand. The results of the study would contribute to overall understanding of brand personality in higher education, and how it may influence preference for a brand in educational settings.
The Independence of Primary School Students in Learning Music at a Distance during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   University of Latvia, Stramkale Ligita
Published: May 2021

As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, the primary school students were forced to study at a distance of two and a half months starting from mid-March 2020. There was a situation where students had to learn music independently more than they had done so far. The study aims to determine 2nd and 3rd grade students’ perspectives on independent distance learning of music during the Covid-19 pandemic. To achieve the aim of the study, previous researches on this issue were analysed, as well as an empirical study was carried out. The study involved 105 (N=105) primary school students in grades 2-3 and occurred in the second term of the 2019/2020 school year in a public primary school located in Riga. A questionnaire consisting of 20 statements was conducted to determine students’ perspectives on music distance learning independently. The twenty statements were divided into four groups: students’ independence, provision of technical aids, difficulties and attitude. The study revealed that the students’ skills to find and complete the tasks that are given by the teacher in the E-class are at a middle level. The students assessed their ability to learn to sing songs and perform music listening tasks independently at a high level. The students mostly used computers or mobile phones when they learned music at a distance. However, the majority of students faced a lack of technical aids. The study found out that complete music listening task was the easiest for the students, but a little harder was learning to sing songs. The most difficult part of learning for students was to complete a writing task because the possibility of printing it was limited. The students rated their attitude towards music distance learning independently at a middle level. Many students missed the presence of their teachers and longed for social activities in the classroom. The study concluded that there is a significant difference between 2nd and 3rd grade students’ skills to find independently the tasks sent by the teacher. Moreover, the 3rd grade students wanted to learn music independently at a distance more than the 2nd grade students did. The study provides evidence-based data on primary school students’ readiness to learn music independently at a distance.
Το εορτολόγιο της εκκλησίας ως κύριος παράγων στην εικονογράφηση βυζαντινών ναών
Authors: Arhim. Kukijaris Silas
Published: May 2021

This article deals with some groups of saints in the iconographic programs of
Byzantine churches. The main criterion for their presentation is the church
calendar, more specifically, the fact that they are commemorated
collectively in the liturgy. This iconographic practice seems to have first
come into use in the churches of Constantinople, where the collective
celebration (synaxis) of multiple saints took place. The largest group of
saints commemorated in this way is the Seventy Apostles.
Associations of Microvascular Complications With the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Gubitosi-Klug Rose , Gao Xiaoyu , Pop-Busui Rodica , Boer Ian H de , White Neill , Aiello Lloyd P , Miller Ryan , Palmer Jerry , Tamborlane William , Wallia Amisha , Kosiborod Mikhail , Lachin John M , Bebu Ionut , Group DCCT/EDIC Research
Published: May 2021

Objective: We examined whether the presence of
microvascular complications was associated with increased subsequent risk of cardiovascular
disease (CVD) among participants with type 1 diabetes in the Diabetes Control
and Complications Trial and Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and
Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study followed for over 35 years.

Research
Design and Methods: Standardized longitudinal
data collection included: 1) stereoscopic seven-field retinal fundus
photography centrally-graded for retinopathy stage and clinically significant
macular edema; 2) urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) and estimated glomerular
filtration rate (eGFR);
3) cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy
(CAN) reflex testing; and 4) adjudicated CVD events, including death from cardiovascular disease,
nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, subclinical myocardial infarction on
ECG, confirmed angina, or coronary artery revascularization. Cox
proportional hazard models assessed the association of microvascular
complications with subsequent risk of CVD.

Results: 239 participants developed CVD, including 120
participants who suffered major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as
non-fatal myocardial
infarction, non-fatal stroke or cardiovascular death. The
presence of microvascular disease (diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease, or CAN)
was associated with increased risk of subsequent CVD and MACE (hazard ratios 1.86 to 3.18 and 2.09
to 3.63, respectively); associations that remained significant after adjusting
for age and HbA1c. After adjustment for
traditional CVD risk factors, however, only sustained AER≥30 mg/24hr occurring alone and/or with
eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m, and the presence
of both retinal and kidney disease remained associated with CVD.

Conclusions: Advanced microvascular disease, especially moderate
to severe albuminuria or eGFR<60
ml/min/1.73m2, conveyed an
increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease in the DCCT/EDIC cohort.
Kombinasi Metode Logical Binary Pattern dan K-Nearest Neighbor untuk Identifikasi Lubang pada Jalan Aspal
Authors: Arhandi Putra Prima , Mentari Mustika , Romadhon Fathur
Published: May 2021

Kondisi jalan yang baik akan memudahkan segala aktivitas masyarakat. Terjadinya kerusakan pada jalan akan berakibat bukan hanya terhalangnya kegiatan ekonomi dan sosial namun akan berpengaruh pada keamanan dan kenyamanan pemakai jalan. Salah satu kendala utama yang menyebabkan lamanya perbaikan kerusakan jalan yaitu proses pendeteksian dan pencatatan kerusakan. Proses tersebut saat ini dilakukan secara manual dengan bantuan tenaga manusia. Karena proses pendeteksian dan pendataan masih dilakukan secara manual dengan tenaga manusia, waktu yang dibutuhkan relatif lama dan tingkat keakuratannya rendah. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dikembangkan sebuah sistem yang dapat menjadi alternatif Dinas Pembangunan Umum untuk mengidentifikasi lubang pada aspal sehingga dapat mempercepat proses perbaikan jalan. Sistem yang dikembangkan berhasil mengidentifikasi lubang pada jalan aspal menggunakan kombinasi metode Local Binary Pattern (LBP) dan K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN).Local Binary Pattern (LBP) untuk transformasi sebagai tahap awal ekstraksi ciri. Metode K- Nearest Neighbor (KNN) digunakan untuk klasifikasi citra jalan aspal berlubang atau tidak.Proses pengujian pada penelitian ini terdiri dari dua pengujian utama, yaitu pengujian unit dan pengujian akurasi. Pengujian unit dilakukan dengan black box testing. Pada pengujian akurasi diperoleh akurasi sebesar 96% dengan FAR sebesar 0% dan FRR sebesar 4,16%. Pada proses perhitungan lubang pada aspal diperoleh akurasi yang sangat baik yaitu sebesar 97,74%.
SISTEM IDENTIFIKASI PLAT NOMOR KENDARAAN DALAM PENERAPAN REGULASI PAJAK BERBASIS CITRA DIGITAL
Authors: Kharisma Oktaf Brillian
Published: May 2021

Sistem identifikasi pajak kendaraan berdasarkan plat nomor untuk memudahkan pendataan dalam penerapan regulasi pemutasian kendaraan disuatu wilayah sangatlah penting. Kasus di provinsi Riau, kendaraan yang beroperasi melebihi 3 bulan di luar wilayah diwajibkan segera memutasi pajak kendaraannya. Identifikasi masih dilakukan secara manual dengan melibatkan orang untuk melakukan pendataan. Sehingga, kurang efektif dan efisien. Tujuan penelitian untuk menghasilkan sistem yang memudahkan dalam mengidentifikasi dan mengumpulkan data plat nomor kendaraan untuk pajak daerah menggunakan algoritma canny edge detection dan template matching. Sistem dibuat menggunakan aplikasi GUI Matlab dan hasil langsung dikirim ke aplikasi website. Data video yang di proses beresolusi 1280x720 pixel dengan menghasilkan akurasi identifikasi plat nomor kendaraan mencapai 87,5%.
Surgical debridement and primary closure of the oral mucosa for repair of open mandibular pars incisiva fractures in three neonatal calves
Authors: Locher Iwan , Nuss Karl , Rediger David , Schmid Tanja , Devaux David , Steiner Adrian , Marchionatti Emma
Published: May 2021

CASE DESCRIPTION

3 neonatal female calves (ages, < 1 to 4 days) were examined because of mandibular trauma.

CLINICAL FINDINGS

Physical examination indicated that each calf had an open fracture of the mandibular pars incisiva (rostral mandibular fracture) with ventral displacement of the incisors at the affected region. Oral radiographs were obtained for 1 calf and revealed that 5 incisors were fractured at the level of the apical dental buds.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME

Each calf was anesthetized. The fracture site and surrounding tissues were surgically debrided and flushed with sterile 0.05% chlorhexidine solution. The laceration in the oral mucosa was closed with absorbable suture in an interrupted horizontal mattress pattern. Additionally, a Penrose drain was placed during primary closure and removed 4 days later in 1 calf. The fractured incisors were removed during primary debridement in another calf. All calves received perioperative antimicrobials and analgesics. One calf developed mild osteomyelitis of the rostral mandible, which resolved with additional surgical debridement and antimicrobial treatment. That calf and another developed mild brachygnathia. At the time of last follow-up (3 to 13 months after hospital discharge), all 3 calves were eating and growing as expected.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

3 calves with open rostral mandibular fractures were successfully managed by surgical debridement and primary closure of the oral laceration. The procedure was easy to perform, did not require specialized equipment, and was less expensive than other repair methods. This procedure may be an effective and economic on-farm treatment alternative for calves with rostral mandibular fractures.
Perioperative Management of Pulmonary Hypertension. A Review
Authors: Wood Christopher , Balciunas Mindaugas , Lordan Jim , Mellor Adrian
Published: May 2021

Pulmonary hypertension is a rare and progressive pathology defined by abnormally high pulmonary artery pressure mediated by a diverse range of aetiologies. It affects up to twenty-six individuals per one million patients currently living in the United Kingdom (UK), with a median life expectancy of 2.8 years in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is often delayed due to the presentation of non-specific symptoms, leading to a delay in referral to specialists services. The complexity of treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, underpinned by a diverse disease aetiology from managing the underlying disease process to novel specialist treatments. This has led to the formation of dedicated specialist treatment centres within centralised UK cities. The article aimed to provide a concise overview of pulmonary hypertension’s clinical perioperative management, including key definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and risk stratification.
Influence of Microbiologically Enriched Mineral Fertilizers on Selected Groups of Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere of Strawberry Plants
Authors: Sas-Paszt Lidia , Smolińska Urszula , Kowalska Beata , Szczech Magdalena , Lisek Anna , Trzciński Paweł , Głuszek Sławomir , Górnik Krzysztof , Derkowska Edyta , Sumorok Beata
Published: May 2021

In recent years, the use of bio-fertilizers enriched with specially selected microorganisms has been used more and more often. The beneficial effects of bio-fertilizers enriched with consortia of microorganisms on strawberry plants have been reported previously. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of bio-fertilizers containing selected fungal and bacterial strains on the microorganisms living in the rhizosphere of strawberry plants. In the experiments described in this paper, synthetic mineral fertilizers were enriched with selected microorganisms. The fertilizer urea was enriched with the fungi Aspergillus niger and Purpureocillium lilacinum, while the fertilizers Polifoska 6 and Super Fos Dar 40 with strains of the bacteria Bacillus sp., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Paenibacillus polymyxa. Bacteria and fungi belonging to these species can exert a positive effect on the growth of many plants. The results obtained in this study showed that the application of fertilizers enriched with microorganisms had different effects on the analyzed populations of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere of strawberry plants. There were evidences of both, an adverse effect of the applied fertilizer and/or microorganisms, but more often, the beneficial effect was found on the abundance of the microorganisms in the rhizosphere of the strawberry. The most effective for the population of Pseudomonas bacteria was application of urea and fungi and Polifoska and bacteria. The highest number of phosphorus utilizing bacteria B was scored in the treatments containing NPK, NPK + fungi and urea 60% + fungi. The application of NPK + fungi and urea 100% + fungi as well as Super Fos Dar with bacteria was most beneficial for population of actinomycetes.
Threats to biodiversity in Natura 2000 sites on the example of the Region of Warmia and Mazury
Authors: Gotkiewicz Wojciech , Wiśniewska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

The article describes threats to habitat and species conservation areas in the Region of Warmia and Mazury, which are part of the Natura 2000 network. Standard Data Forms were analysed to reveal the presence of the highest level threats in two-thirds of the evaluated sites. Most of the identified threats were associated with forest management, agriculture and hydrological conditions.
Dynamics of mercury content changes in snow in the heating season on the example of the city of Siedlce
Authors: Jabłońska Joanna , Kluska Mariusz
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the results of research on the content of mercury in snow samples with the use of isotachophoresis. Snow samples were collected in December 2017 as well as in January and February 2018. Samples were collected in Siedlce in places where the individual heating of houses, mainly by hard coal, was visible. The highest mean content of mercury amounting to 0.36 μg/dm3 of water was determined in the snow samples collected in January 2018 in the Żwirowa housing development, and the lowest – 0.25 μg/dm3 in two housing developments: Nowe Siedlce and Topolowa, also collected in January. The snow samples collected in the Żwirowa housing development were characterised by the highest contamination with mercury compared to all the other samples collected for the analysis. The research is a continuation of pollution monitoring in the town of Siedlce in connection with the European Union recommendations on environmental protection and the ‘clean air’ programme implemented in Poland.
Herpetofauna of the Pieprzowe Mountains Nature Reserve and adjacent areas
Authors: Wojdan Dariusz , Żeber-Dzikowska Ilona , Gworek Barbara , Sadowski Maciej , Chmielewski Jarosław
Published: May 2021

The study was focused on determining the sites of amphibian and reptile occurrence in the Pieprzowe Mountains Nature Reserve (area 18.01 ha) and adjacent areas (total area 58.81 ha). The investigations also involved the biology of breeding in the selected species, as well as determining threats and protection measures.

Situated in the eastern part of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, the steppe-like Pieprzowe (Pepper) Mountains Nature Reserve was established in 1979. Its aim is to protect xerothermic assemblages inhabited by many species of rare plants including the largest European aggregation of roses growing wild. The area is located on a steep, sometimes rugged escarpment, which is part of the Vistula River erosional margin. The escarpment exposes Cambrian black pepper-like shales. The slope base is overgrown by a narrow belt of willow thickets. Above occur assemblages of xerothermic thickets with a few trees. The highest parts of the nature reserve are overgrown with xerothermic grasslands with the prevalence of feathergrass steppe (Festuco-Stipion class). The reserve is surrounded by riparian forests, waterlogged meadows and reservoirs of the Vistula former riverbed, the largest of which is an oxbow lake (5.16 ha).

The following species were documented in 2016-2017: smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris L., great crested newt Triturus cristatus Laur., European fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina L., common toad Bufo bufo L., European green toad Bufotes viridis Laur., European tree frog Hyla arborea L., edible frog Pelophylax esculentus L., pool frog Pelophylax lessonae Cam., marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus Laur., moor frog Rana arvalis Nilss., common frog Rana temporaria L., sand lizard Lacerta agilis L., grass snake Natrix natrix L. and common European adder Vipera berus L. The studies were focused on biology of breeding and phenology in common toad and common frog.

The main threats posed on herpetofauna include: human presence, littering, fire raising and changes of water balance.

© IOŚ-PIB
Regulation of the food waste measuring in the EU in the light of the need of counteracting the food wastage
Authors: Łaba Sylwia , Niedek Mikołaj , Szczepański Krystian , Łaba Robert , Kamińska-Dwórznicka Anna
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the analysis of the guidelines of the European Union, adopted in May, 2019, on the common methodology and quality requirements for the uniform system of measuring the food waste levels in the EU Member States. The Waste Framework Directive obliges the Member States to monitor the generation of food waste and to take measures to limit their production; however, a lack of uniform, reliable method for measuring the food waste levels in the EU causes that it is difficult to evaluate the scale of the problem, its sources and the related tendencies in time. The food waste is generated across the whole food supply chain; so, it is especially troublesome to determine the level of the discussed waste. The food waste with different characteristics, different source and different reasons for its generation is produced in each stage of the chain. The current data on the food wastes do not specify their quantities. In connection with this fact, a separate legal act was developed, that is, the Commission Delegated Decision (EU) dated 3 May 2019, focusing on the measuring of food waste, which is harmonized with the existing systems of data collection and provides a framework for further measures of the Member States in respect of the quantitative determination of the food waste that is generated.
Comparison of financial and external costs related to the use of selected electric and conventional passenger cars – the example of Poland
Authors: Trela Mariusz
Published: May 2021

Since the early 1990s, more and more restrictive car emission standards have been successively introduced, and since 2015, targets of CO2 emission have also been in force. Even though these measures are effective in decreasing the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) and also CO2 in recent years in the European Union (EU), the European Commission more and more emphatically stresses the necessity of evolution of the conventional road transport towards electromobility.

The paper presents the financial and environmental aspects related to the use of selected passenger cars in Poland. External effects were calculated taking into account emission from the wear and tear of tyres and braking systems (conventional and electric cars), fuel combustion (conventional cars) and emission related to the production of the energy needed for propelling vehicles in the Polish energy sector (electric cars).

The external costs were calculated in terms of emission for all the vehicles in the analysis. On this basis, conclusions were drawn with regard to the economic justification for the purchase and use of vehicles in Poland.
Floristic diversity in selected city parks in southern Poland
Authors: Rahmonov Oimahmad , Pukowiec-Kurda Katarzyna , Banaszek Jarosław , Brom Krzysztof
Published: May 2021

Ecosystems of city parks are one of the most important refuges of biodiversity in urbanized areas. Recently, naturalists have had an increased interest in floristic diversity in regions that have been drastically modified by human activity, particularly in urban spaces. Investigations were conducted at various levels of the biological organization, to protect the environment and to promote floristic diversity. The aim of this study is to present floristic diversity in urban parks in southern Poland. The research was conducted in 10 parks located in 3 cities (Dąbrowa Górnicza, Sosnowiec and Będzin). These parks have been formed at different times, on various parent rocks. They are both natural and anthropogenic in origin and have different sizes (the smallest being 6 ha and the largest 67 ha). Their common features are way of use and management. The results of this investigation have confirmed 426 vascular plants belonging to 83 families and 247 genera. The highest number of species belongs to Asteraceae and Poaceae. Grabek Park is the most species rich (288) in comparison to the other parks investigated. Research on urban parks shows important links between floral diversity and biodiversity within highly urbanized areas in city centres and in urban spaces in general. This variety includes both native species and alien species, which are often called ‘park species’ with a decorative origin.
The modification of an epoxy resin by natural plant materials
Authors: Masiewicz Joanna , Roszowska-Jarosz Martyna , Kostrzewa Marcin , Jasik Aleksandra , Krawczyk Paulina
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of research on the modification of Epidian 5 epoxy resin by introducing natural modifiers. It's easy accessibility and biodegradability has a positive effect on environmental protection, cost-effectiveness of the process, useful and strength properties of composites. Still looking for the best solutions in the production of epoxy composites combining these features, we have attempted to compare and select the most optimal natural modifier. The epoxy resin was modified with collagen, hemp fibres, cellulose from pepper extraction residues. The amount of amine hardener suggested by the manufacturer was added to the composition. Each composition was cured at room temperature for 24 hours and then cured at 80°C for 3 hours. The prepared composites were subjected to impact assessment additions for mechanical properties, impact strength, three-point bending strength, critical stress intensity factor and gel time.
Dynamics of changes in the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in selected Polish surface water
Authors: Kluska Mariusz
Published: May 2021

The paper presents results of research on the dynamics of changes in the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in selected lotic water bodies. Samples were collected in four time frames. The research involved surface water samples collected from three rivers in Poland: the Liwiec, the Muchawka and the Bug. The largest of them is the Bug River, which comprises the Liwiec River. The Liwiec River, in turn, encompasses the Muchawka River. The research was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest mean total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration of 184.4 ± 58.3 ng dm−3 was obtained in January in water samples collected from the Bug River, while the lowest concentration was recorded in September in water collected from the Muchawka River and was 46.5 ± 18.1 ng dm−3. The obtained values do not exceed the permissible limits for surface water used as a source of drinking water for human consumption in accordance with the regulation of the Minister of Maritime Economy and Inland Navigation of 29 August 2019.
Pengungkapan CSR pada Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Narayana I Putu Laksmana , Wirakusuma Made Gede
Published: May 2021

Firm value is a market-based value that can be observed in accounting through stock prices. One of the factors that influence firm value is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure. This study aimed to obtain empirical evidence regarding CSR disclosure on firm value by using the moderating variables of profitability and firm size to overcome the inconsistencies of previous studies. The theory used in this research is legitimacy theory and stakeholder theory. This research was conducted at SRI-KEHATI indexed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 financial reporting year. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling method; the number obtained was 75 observations. The analysis technique used is pure moderator regression analysis. The results showed that the higher the CSR disclosure, the higher the firm value, especially in companies with high profitability and large company sizes.

Keywords: CSR Disclosure; Firm Value; Profitability; Firm Size.
External Debt Sustainability in Selected ASEAN Countries: Do Macroeconomic Data and Institutions Matter?
Authors: Cahyadin Malik
Published: May 2021

Studi ini akan mengukur indikator hutang luar negeri yang berkelanjutan di tujuh negara ASEAN selama 1996-2017 menggunakan indicator-based model. Uji kointegrasi panel diterapkan untuk mengestimasi dampak indikator makroekonomi dan kelembagaan terhadap hutang luar negeri yang berkelanjutan. Terdapat dua indikator hutang luar negeri yang berkelanjutan, yaitu: (a) EDS1 – yang menunjukkan tingkat pertumbuhan hutang luar negeri lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan GDP, dan (b) EDS2 – yang menunjukkan pertumbuahn GDP lebih besar dibandingkan dengan tingkat bunga riil. Temuan-temuan studi menunjukkan bahwa indikator makroekonomi dan beberapa indikator kelembagaan berdampak signifikan terhadap EDS1 sedangkan makroekonomi indikator – seperti pertumbuhan GDP, inflasi dan FDI inflows – dan satu indikator kelembagaan – seperti efektivitas pemerintah – berdampak signifikan terhadap EDS2 dalam jangka pendek. Speed of adjustment berdampak signifikan terhadap hutang luar negeri yang berkelanjutan dalam jangka pendek. Lebih lanjut, kointegrasi panel menjelaskan bahwa dalam jangka panjang indikator makroekonomi (kecuali nilai tukar) dan kelembagaan berdampak signifikan terhadap hutang luar negeri yang berkelanjutan. Hasil studi berkontribusi terhadap kebijakan pemerintah seperti kebijakan pengelolaan hutang luar negeri, pro-pertumbuhan, pro-investasi, stabilitas harga dan peningkatan kualitas kelembagaan baik pada tingkat sebuah negara dan tingkat ASEAN.
El Acueducto, Gaceta del Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua
Published: May 2021

La problemática de la contaminación y del deterioro de la calidad del agua se manifiesta en todo tipo de actividad humana. En la Coordinación de Tratamiento y Calidad del Agua, a través de sus cuatro subcoordinaciones, abordamos esta problemática mediante la conjunción de soluciones tecnológicas que sean adecuadas para las necesidades actuales de cada región, con el fin de contribuir a la preservación de un medio ambiente sano.
Między geografią a polityką. O pewnym międzywojennym dyskursie krajoznawczym
Authors: Chomiuk Aleksandra
Published: May 2021

DOI 10.24917/20837275.10.2.5Tematem artykułu jest opis geograficzno-politycznego dyskursu wpisanego w międzywojenną krajoznawczą serię wydawniczą „Cuda Polski”. Zawarte w poszczególnych tomach opisy regionów przedwojennej Rzeczypospolitej zostały poddane przez autorów zabiegom symbolicznej polonizacji, sprowadzającej narodowościowe zróżnicowanie polskiego państwa do wymiaru etnograficznej barwności. Ujawnieniu tych ideologicznych mechanizmów posłużyły w artykule odwołania do badawczych założeń geografii wyobrażonej, polityki miejsca i polityki pamięci.Between geography and politics. About a certain interwar touring discourseThe subject of the article is a description of the geographical-political discourse entered in the interwar tourist series “The Wonders of Poland”. The descriptions of regions of the prewar Republic of Poland included in the individual volumes were subjected by the authors to the symbolic polonization, which reduced the national diversity of the Polish state to the ethnographic patchwork dimension. The disclosure of these ideological mechanisms was enabled in this article by references to the research assumptions of imaginative geography, politics of place and politics of memory.
Miocardiopatia periparto em gestante jovem do terceiro trimestre: um relato de caso com desfecho favorável
Authors: Malheiro Nathalia Pestana , Carvalho Vitória de Barros , Ribeiro Leonora Alves , Teixeira Eduardo Migani
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de Miocardiopatia Periparto em paciente jovem e previamente hígida para atentar os profissionais ao diagnóstico precoce desta patologia ainda muito subdiagnosticada. Detalhamento de caso: Gestante BFS, 23 anos, G3P1A1C1, previamente hígida, com idade gestacional de 37 semanas, admitida no Pronto Socorro da Santa Casa de Franca com queixa de mal estar e sensação de pré-sincope, com relatos prévios de dispneia progressiva, chegando à apresentar dispneia de repouso e ortopneia. Evoluiu com quadro de insuficiência cardíaca (fração de ejeção < 29%), choque cardiogênico, edema agudo de pulmão e complicações fetais como a bradicardia fetal. Após estabilização, foi realizado a resolução da gestação, tratamento adequado e acompanhamento cardiológico no puerpério, recuperando a função do ventrículo esquerdo alguns meses após o quadro. Considerações finais: Apesar da patologia ser rara, devido sua alta morbimortalidade, deve ser lembrada como diagnóstico diferencial em gestante com sintomas como dispneia, comum também em uma evolução normal de gestação.