bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de la ansiedad matemática en la educación media costarricense
Authors: Agüero Calvo Evelyn , Meza Cascante Luis Gerardo , Suárez Valdés-Ayala Zuleyka , Schmidt Quesada Sandra
Published: April 2017

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un análisis del nivel de “ansiedad matemática”, entendida como la ausencia de comodidad que alguien podría experimentar cuando se le exige tomar clases de matemática, tal como lo muestran los estudiantes que cursan educación secundaria en Costa Rica. La investigación se realizó con una muestra de 3,725 estudiantes de educación secundaria pública en Costa Rica, en el año 2013. Los resultados revelan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el nivel de ansiedad matemática por género, teniendo las mujeres niveles moderadamente más altos de ansiedad. Las diferencias en los niveles de ansiedad también están determinadas por el nivel educativo que cursa el estudiante, se encontraron diferencias entre los estudiantes del tercer ciclo y los de educación diversificada, estos últimos mostraron niveles de ansiedad moderadamente más altos. Sin embargo, el estudio concluye que a pesar de las diferencias observadas, sólo un 22.4% de los estudiantes muestra niveles de ansiedad matemática altos o muy altos.
ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI DASAR DALAM PENENTUAN STRATEGI PENGADAAN BAHAN BAKU PADA PT. GLOBAL TROPICAL SEAFOOD KAPEDI SUMENEP
Authors: Widiyastuti Endang
Published: April 2017

Sektor pemasaran sebagai salah satu fungsi dalam perusahaan yang diharapkan mampu berperan banyak dalam upaya meningkatkan volume penjualan. Fungsi dari kegiatan pemasaran adalah menyakinkan konsumen agar bersedia membeli produk yang ditawarkan. Untuk menghindari kesalahan sasaran program pemasaran perlu adanya suatu strategi pemasaran yang tepat, yaitu strategi pemasaran yang berwawasan lingkungan pemasaran. Hal ini penting untuk menghadapi setiap perubahan lingkungan pemasaran yang semakin tidak menentu dan agar dapat bersaing serta bertahan dalam percaturan bisnis dan untuk mengantisipasi kecenderungan pemasaran karena sifat pasar yang selalu berubah dan tidak  pasti.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis lingkungan internal (kekuatan dan kelemahan) serta eksternal (peluang dan ancaman) perusahaan, serta untuk mengidentifikasi strategi yang tepat bagi perusahaan.Dari hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa strategi pemasaran yang diterapkan adalah strategi pertumbuhan internal perusahaan dengan cara pendekatan penetrasi pasar. Alasan yang mendasari pemutusan  strategi tersebut adalah pada analisis lingkungan eksternal EFAS (External Factor Analysis Strategy) yang meliputi kondisi demografi, teknologi yang menunjukkan beberapa peluang bagi perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang perikanan untuk tumbuh dan berkembang. Pada analisis lingkungan internal IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Strategy) perusahaan menunjukkan kondisi internal perusahaan masih perlu dibenahi karena kekuatan Sumber Daya Manusia merupakan potensi yang dapat dikembangkan dimasa yang akan datang.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi pemasaran dalam hal ini untuk mengantisipasi lingkungan internal.  Kata kunci: analisis lingkungan, penentuan strategi.
PRAKTEK RENTENIR PENGHAMBAT TERWUJUDNYA SISTEM HUKUM PERBANKAN SYARI’AH DI KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: ARIEF MOH ZAINOL , Sutrisni Sutrisni
Published: April 2017

Praktek rentenir disebut sebagai lintah darat karena kegiatannya yang menghsiab habis uang masyarakat demi mendapatkan profit dengan pemberlakuan bunga pada kredit yang dijalaninya.Dalam konteks hukum Islam, bunga dikatakan sebagai perbuatan riba yang haram hukumnya. Namun pada kenyataannya, Indonesia yang notabene penduduk beragama Islam kurang begitu memperhatikan esensi dari permasalahan ekonomi ini.Perbankan di Indonesia menganut dua aliran yaitu aliran konvensional dan syari’ah. Meskipun kini telah ada beberapa lembaga keuangan bank maupun bukan bank yang menganut prinsip syari’ah, aliran konvensional tetap bisa berdiri kokoh malah banyak nasabah yang lebih memilih bank konvensional daripada bank syari’ah karena keuntungannya yang cenderung lebih besar yang diperoleh dari pemberlakuan bunga.Konotasinya, Hukum positif Indonesia secara tegas memperbolehkan pemberlakuan bunga yang dilakukan dalam suatu perjanjian yang disepakati baik orang maupun badan yang terlukis dalam pasal 1754 dan 1765 BW.Pinjam meminjam uang pada rentenir dengan bunga yang cukup tinggi kerap digandrungi oleh masyarakat berekonomi lemah karena sistemnya yang sederhana dibandingkan meminjam uang pada bank maupun lembaga keuangan lainnya. Keberadaan rentenir inilah yang menghambat laju perkembangan pereokonomian syari’ah dalam mengentas perbuatan riba.Sosok rentenir yang tak jarang menyengsarakan hidup masyarakat tidak begitu mendapat perhatian pemerintah terlebih Hukum Perbankan dalam menyikapi masalah ini. Melihat pada kegiatannya meminjamkan uang yang termasuk dalam perikatan perjanjian, menurut hukum pidana maupun perdata tidak bertentangan dengan sistem hukum Indonesia. Jadi, penuntutan atau gugatan yang dilayangkan pada rentenir begitu sulit mengingat posisi rentenir sebagai kreditur yang berhak menuntut apabila debitur tidak memenuhi prestasinya. Dan bisa dikatakan pula rentenir tidak bisa dipidana kecuali terdapat unsur pidana didalamnya. Kata kunci : Rentenir, Perbankan, Syari’ah.
ANALISIS SIKAP FISHBEIN UNTUK PENGGUNA KARTU XL BEBAS DI KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Hermanto Bambang
Published: April 2017

Masalah  yang  diteliti  dalam  skripsi  ini  adalah  bagaimanakah   sikap  konsumen  terhadap  atribut  kartu  telepon  seluler XL  Bebas  di  Sumenep sedangkan  tujuan  untuk    menganalisis   sikap  konsumen  terhadap  atribut  kartu  telepon  seluler XL  Bebas  di  SumenepDalam  menjawab  permasalahan  tersebut, penelitian  menggunakan  penelitian  yang  bersifat  kuantitatif.  Dalam  hal  ini,  yang  menjadi  obyek  penelitian  adalah  sikap  fishbein  konsumen   dengan  indikator  1) keyakinan  sub  indikatornya  harga, tarif, sinyal dan fitur  dan  2)  evaluasi  sub  indikatornya  harga, tarif, sinyal dan fitur  menggunakan  populasi  tak  terhingga  sampel  100  responden.  Sesuai  dengan  masalah  tersebut,  data  yang  digunakan  berupa  indept  interview, observasi, dokumen dan kuisioner  yang  kemudian  dianalisis  dengan  validitas dan reliabilitas  isntrumen  menggunakan  cronbath’s  alpha,  analisis  sikap  fishbein dan  skala  intervalHasil  analisa  data  menunjukkan  instrument  keyakinan dan  evaluasi  semuanya  diatas  0,3  yang  berarti  valid. uji  reliabilitas  instrument  menggunakan  cronbach’s  alpha  (α) dari  keyakinan  0,2844  dan  r  tabel  0,195  yang  berarti  valid,  sedangkan  evaluasi  0,3781  dan  r  tabel  0,195  yang  berarti  valid,  dan analisis  fishbein  yang  diperoleh  dari  sikap  konsumen  secara  keseluruhan  dari  keyakinan  dan  evaluasi  menunjukkan  nilai  59,403  telah  masuk  pada  kategori  Netral,  dimana  nilai  tersebut  berada  pada  skala  interval  42,4 < Ao ≤  61,6.Dalam  penelitian  ini  disimpulkan  bahwa perilaku  fishbein  menunjukkan  posisi  netral  termasuk  juga  pada  skala  intervalnya  negatif  yang  berarti  netral.
KEBANGGAAN TERHADAP BATIK MADURA BAGI WARGA SUMENEP
Authors: Sayyida Sayyida , Zakki Nurdody
Published: April 2017

Diversity of Indonesian Batik hanging area. One of the very well-known Indonesian batik is Batik Madura. Batik Madura has become a pride for Indonesia, especially for Madura. The purpose of the study is to model the Sumenep pride to Batik Madura and to see the level of risk or tendency of batik madura pride for the community group Sumenep. This research method uses a non parametric regression used a non-parametric regression because the dependent variable in this study is the variable Y are variables not normally distributed. The results of this study states that the level of risk of the village in Sumenep proud of batik is almost 5 times higher than the islands while people in this city who live in the district town at risk Sumenep proud of Batik Madura 8-fold compared to the archipelago. So it can be concluded that the city is much more proud of batik than those who reside in rural areas especially those who reside in the islands. This study uses data from 100 questionnaires were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The conclusion of this study is the pride of the batik model as follows: Function logistic regression / logit function: g (x) = 0,074 + 1,568X4(1)+2,159X4(2 this is case the islands as a comparison, X4(1)  is the place to stay in the village and X4(2)  is the place to stay in town, so the Model Opportunities p(x) = EXP(g(x))/1+EXP(g(x)).  Hopes for further research is to conduct research on the development of batik in an integrated region, the need to be disseminated to potential areas of particular potential in Madura batik, especially for residents who reside in the Islands.Keywords: Pride, Batik, Sumenep.
PERANAN INSPEKTORAT KABUPATENSUMENEP DALAM MENCEGAH DAN MENDETEKSI FRAUD DI DINAS PENDIDIKAN SUMENEP
Authors: Furqani Astri , . Hafidhah
Published: April 2017

In this era, a lot of activities that can not be separated from the practice of cheating or fraud , no exception In the government . Inspektorat Sumenep is the leading institution of internal Local Government in preventing and detecting fraud in the Local Government appropiate Perbup Sumenep No. 29 of 2008 . Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep need attention on the issue . This is due to Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep an agency with the largest number of assets and managing large budgets . These conditions led to the formulation of the problem is How Inspektorat Sumenep role in preventing and detecting fraud in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep. This study used a qualitative approach in which the focus of this study is Inspektorat role in preventing and detecting fraud at Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep . Primary data obtained by direct interviews with the parties directly related to the determination of the source of research data in a qualitative study using nonprobability sampling . The sampling technique used was purposive sampling . The conclusion of this study, role of the Inspektorat Sumenep in the prevention of fraud in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep still not maximal . This is due to Inspektorat Sumenep not supervise from the planning / budgeting and not optimal in overseeing and assisting the implementation of the SPIP as an instrument of fraud prevention in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep . The role of Inspektorat Sumenep in the detection of fraud in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep done by conducting an audit of financial and asset management in each financial year.Keywords: fraud, government, inspektorat.
EVALUASI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA BANK MANDIRI KANTOR CABANG PEMBANTU (KCP) SUMENEP
Authors: Christiani Dewi , . Syahril
Published: April 2017

Perusahaan yang suskses adalah perusahaan yang dapat memenuhi peraturan yang berlaku juga bisa merencanakan aktivitas dengan baik pula.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) merupakan komitmen perusahaan dan media untuk memberikan manfaat serta membangun kualitas kehidupan yang lebik baik bersama dengan para pihak yang terkait utamanya masyarakat disekeliling dan lingkungan sosial dimana perusahaan tersebut berada, upaya untuk memperkuat kinerja perusahaan sekaligus pembangunan yang berkelanjutan.Bank Mandiri KCP Sumenep sebuah perusahaan yang mempunyai kebijakan program CSR dimana kebijakan tersebut merupakan kontribusi sebagai bentuk pelaksanaan CSR dari Bank Mandiri Kantor Pusat, sehingga Bank Mandiri KCP Sumenep tidak mempunyai wewenang sendiri untuk memberikan keputusan secara langsung atas bantuan dana CSR kepada masyarakat atau pihak-pihak yang terkait.Dari hasil penelitian data yang diperoleh menghasilkan bahwa Bank Mandiri KCP Sumenep telah melaksanakan program CSR dengan baik terhadap masyarakat sekeliling dan lingkungan sosial walaupun masih belum dikatakan maksimal sempurna sesuai peraturan yang berlaku, yaitu: berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Negara “Per-05/MBU/2007 Pasal 11 ayat 2(e)” tentang ruang lingkup bantuan program BL BUMN. Kata Kunci:Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).
PENGARUH KEMISKINAN TERHADAP MENINGKATNYA KRIMINALITAS DI KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: . Rusnani
Published: April 2017

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh kemiskinan terhadap meningkatnya kriminalitas yang terjadi di Kabupaten Sumenep. Faktor-faktor yang akan diungkap antara lain tingkat pengangguran dan terbatsnya lapangan pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan yang rendah, tingkat kesehatan yang rendah, dan kondisi terisolasi.Obyek yang diteliti adalah masyarakat di Kabupaten Sumenep yang tersebar di 27 kecamatan, sedangkan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 135 orang dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dimana tiap kecamatan diwakili oleh lima orang responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah quesioner atau angket yang disebar di tiap-tiap kecamatan. Dalam peneltian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan model  Y = a + b1x1 + b2x2 + b3x3 + b4x4 dimana x adalah variabel bebas yang terdiridari x1 adalah pendidikan rendah, x2 adalah kesehatan rendah, x3 lapangan pekerjaan terbatas, x4 adalah kondisi terisolasi, sedangkan y adalah variabel terikat, a adalah konstanta. Teknik analisa data menggunakan Linier berganda, pengujian hipotesa menggunakan uji F dan uji t untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan dan pengaruh secara parsial.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa msyarakat di Kabupaten Sumenep terdiri dari masyarakat petani yang berpenghasilan rendah dan masyarakat yang tidak punya penghasilan atau pengangguran sebanyak 22.896 orang, sedangkan masyarakat pencari kerja sebanyak 40.688 orang. Dari kondisi seperti iniakan memicu terjadinya kriminalitas yang disebabkan karena banyaknya masyarakat yang tidak punya pekerjaan.           Kata kunci : Kemiskinan, Kriminalitas.
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR KEIKATAN PADA ORGANISASI TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA DI DINAS TENAGA KERJA DAN TRANSMIGRASI KABUPATEN SUMANEP
Authors: Hermanto Bambang
Published: April 2017

Dalam organisasi, Sumber Daya Manusia merupakan factor yang sangat menentukan dan mempunyai andil yang cukup besar, karena merupakan modal  terpenting dalam menggerakkan aktivitas dalam organisasi. Selain itu, karyawan juga berfungsi sebagai alat utama untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan organisasi yang telah ditetapkan.Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, organisasi dan karyawan harus dapat bekerja sama secara efektif. Sedangkan untuk mencapai kerja sama yang efektif, organisasi harus dapat memikirkan bagaimana karyawan dapat bekerja dengan kemauan yang kuat dan semangat yang tinggi. Seperti halnya karyawan yang mempunyai keinginan-keinginan tertentu yang ingin dipenuhi oleh organisasi, maka sebaiknya organisasi juga mempunyai keinginan agar karyawan mau melakukan jenis perilaku tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tugas manajer untuk memotivasi (mengarahkan) karyawan agar mau melakukan pola perilaku tertentu yang dapat menunjang keberhasilan organisasi. Mengingat bahwa sumber daya manusia merupakan unsur yang sangat penting, maka pemeliharaan hubungan yang terus menerus dan serasi dengan para karyawan dalam setiap bentuk organisasi sangat berpengaruh.Berkaitan dengan fungsi manajemen sumber daya manusia, maka sumber daya yang diolah adalah sumber daya manusia yang menjadi sumber daya terpenting dalam organisasi. Aktivitas-aktivitas utama dari fungsi manajemen sumber daya manusia, menerapkan pelatihan, penentuan beban kerja berdasarkan deskripsi kerja, melakukan pendelegasian wewenang serta penetapan struktur organisasi, pemberian kompensasi dan melakukan evaluasi terhadap pekerjaan yang telah dilakukan oleh para karyawan.Keikatan karyawan terhadap organisasi ini yang mendapat perhatian dari manajer maupun ahli perilaku organisasi, berkembang dari studi awal mengenai loyalitas karyawan yang diharapkan ada pada setiap karyawan.Keikatan pada organisasi yang merupakan suatu kondisi yang dirasakan oleh karyawan yang dapat menimbulkan perilaku positif yang kuat terhadap organisasi kerja yang dimilikinya.Kata Kunci: Keikatan Pada Organisasi, Prestasi kerja.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP PENGALOKASIAN ANGGARAN BELANJA MODAL PADA PEMKAB SUMENEP (Periode 2009-2013)
Authors: Furqani Astri , , Titimmah
Published: April 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Pengalokasian Anggaran Belanja Modal pada Pemkab Sumenep. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan laporan Realisasi APBD dan  data pertumbuhan ekonomi (PDRB) Sumenep dari tahun 2009-2013. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitaif deskriptif dan model análisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipótesis adalah regresi linear berganda.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pada analisa secara simultan hasilnya variabel independen (pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pendapatan asli daerah) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel dependen (Belanja Modal). (2) analisa secara parsial pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap belanja modal, sedangkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap belanja modal. Keywords: tax compliance, education level, income levelPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah terhadap Pengalokasian Anggaran Belanja Modal pada Pemkab Sumenep. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan laporan Realisasi APBD dan  data pertumbuhan ekonomi (PDRB) Sumenep dari tahun 2009-2013. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitaif deskriptif dan model análisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipótesis adalah regresi linear berganda.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pada analisa secara simultan hasilnya variabel independen (pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pendapatan asli daerah) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel dependen (Belanja Modal). (2) analisa secara parsial pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap belanja modal, sedangkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap belanja modal. Keywords: tax compliance, education level, income level
PENGARUH INCOME SMOOTHING TERHADAP EARNING RESPONSE PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG LISTING DI BEI
Authors: , Alwiyah , Sholihin Charis
Published: April 2017

The value in the financial statements as net profit the company is regarded as a signal that indicates the value of the company. It makes the investor attention centered on profits of a company. Investors often focus only on the profit information, regardless of the procedures used to generate the earnings information. As such, the company does not cover possible will do the alignment.This research was conducted to find out the influence of Income Smoothing toward Earning Response on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange. To know the management actions influence profit Income Smoothing through financial reporting information to a market reaction if a financial report containing the information. The samples on this research there are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange during the period 2010-2014. Data collected through purposive sampling method in manufacturing company that detected doing Income Smoothing. Analysis of linear regression used is simple. Through simple regression analysis note that the variable income Smoothing is not significantly to influential variables Earning Response. This is demonstrated by the results of the regression i.e. the value significance of 0.137 greater than (α) 0.10. Rated R and square are very low i.e. 0.141.Keywords: perataan laba (Income Smoothing), reaksi pasar (Earning Responce)
PEMODELAN HARGA SAHAM BLUE CHIP MENGGUNAKAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE (VAR)
Authors: Suharsono Agus , Wibisono Aryo
Published: April 2017

In a stock exchange in the capital market, the most in demand by investors is stocks. Shares are securities which shows the ownership of the company, so that shareholders have the right to a dividend or other distribution of profit sharing as well as by the company to its shareholders. The capital market is an indicator of economic progress and support the economy of a country. In this decade, the stock market has experienced rapid development due to pressure from technological change, liberalization and globalization. These changes affect the behavior of the capital markets and cause long-term balance and improving the relations between the world's capital markets. Otherwise interconnected capital markets if the two separate markets have the same movement and the correlation between the movement of the index. Capital markets in the region are likely to have the same movement and the effects of contagion (contagion effect) is high (1). During the observation period, October 2015 to March 2016, there was a phenomenon in which IHSG is not always the same and has a correlation with the movement of world stock market indices. It is also supported by the differences found in the results of some previous studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between stocks bluechip : Astra International Tbk (ASII), Unilever Indonesia Tbk (UNVR), Astra Agro Lestari Tbk (AALI), Bank Rakyat Indonesia Agroniaga (AGRO) and Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI ). The analytical method used in this study is Multivariate Time Series, especially Vector Autoregression (VAR). The results of this study with the model produces the best model VAR (2), AGRO = 11.56 - 4.03*ASII(-1) - 4.40*ASII(-2) + 3.76*UNVR(-1) + 1.27*UNVR(-2) + 1.38*AALI(-1) + 2.54*AALI(-2) + 0.73*AGRO(-1) + 0.14*AGRO(-2) + 5.40*BRI(-1) - 1.34*BRI(-2). The value of AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) = 4.47 Keywords: BLUE CHIP, Stock Price, VAR.
ANALISIS KENAIKAN PTKP SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN PENERIMAAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN DI KPP PRATAMA PAMEKASAN
Authors: Malia Evi , , Qoyyimah
Published: April 2017

This research aims to determine whether the increase in taxable income were able to increase tax revenues and tax growth in KPP Pratama Pamekasan. By using quantitative descriptive method, through data collection documentation and interviews obtained by the results of research that changes in taxable income in 2013 (PTKP increased) is not able to increase the acceptance of personal income tax, while in 2014 to 2015 (PTKP fixed) able to increase tax revenues in KPP Pratama Pamekasan. This happens when a growing number of employees / workers who have income above taxable income, the increase in taxable income increasingly not lead to a reduction of the income PPh 21 in KPP pratama Pamekasan, but it also salary increases with the increase in UMK (District Minimum Wage), due to increased salaries and increase in UMK that happens nearly every year, while the increase in taxable income only occurs every few years.As for the required growth is the increase in taxable income Personal Income able to increase the growth of individual taxpayer on KPP Pratama Pamekasan, because the growth of the taxpayer beginning in 2011-2015 are likely to continue to rise although not so significant .taxpayers growth who register on KPP Pratama Pamekasan caused by people who want to get the benefit of having a NPWP. Key Word: PTKP, Personal Growth taxpayer, the individual taxpayer Revenue, Income PPh 21
Índice
Authors: Revista GAPP
Published: April 2017

Índice. Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas. Nueva Época. Número 1
Examinando las redes de actores en el análisis de las políticas públicas: debate teórico y técnicas cuantitativas
Authors: Jordana Jacint
Published: April 2017

Examinando las redes de actores en el análisis de las políticas públicas: debate teórico y técnicas cuantitativas. Presentación del coordinador del número. Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas. Nueva Época. Número 1
La ecología política de las asociaciones empresariales españolas en el sector de la información y las comunicaciones
Authors: Lang Achim
Published: April 2017

Este artículo analiza los procesos reforma y adaptación de las asociaciones empresariales españolas provocados por los cambios en el entorno político y económico. Las innovaciones tecnológicas, junto con un fuerte ritmo de crecimiento muy elevado, ha dado lugar al surgimiento de nuevos tipos de asociaciones empresariales en el sector de la información y comunicación. La incorporación de estas nuevas asociaciones en las estructuras de representación de intereses tradicionales se caracteriza, principalmente, por la escasa inclusión en las asociaciones nacionales más importantes. No obstante, en el caso de España, la CEOE ha adoptado una posición que favorece esta inclusión, facilitando así la consolidación de los mecanismos de representación de intereses más recientes.
Nuevo paradigma, nuevo contexto institucional: el caso de la política farmacéutica
Authors: Chaqués Bonafont Laura
Published: April 2017

El objetivo de este estudio es explicar cómo y por qué cambia la política farmacéutica española en la última década. En el se argumenta la relevancia de las instituciones como variables explicativa de la dinámica del cambio en las políticas siguiendo el esquema teórico planteado por el análisis de redes y la teoría del equilibrio interrumpido desarrollada por Baumgartner y Jones. La adopción de un nuevo paradigma en torno al medicamento –el uso racional del medicamento— no puede ser entendido únicamente como una respuesta a situaciones de crisis, cambios en el sistema político y/o la consolidación de ideas nuevas defendidas por activos emprendedores políticos. El análisis de la institucionalización de las relaciones de poder en torno a la política farmacéutica (o policy network) es importante para explicar por qué los cambios en la política farmacéutica se producen de forma gradual como resultado de una negociación entre el Estado con la industria farmacéutica y las farmacias. Asimismo, se argumenta cómo la adopción de un paradigma nuevo en la política farmacéutica, se produce de forma paralela a un cambio en la estructura institucional de la política. En 2008 la política farmacéutica se gestiona a través de una red más abierta y plural, en la que los expertos tienen mayor peso en la toma de decisiones.
Prevalence of Cardiovascular risk factors among the residents of urban community of Kathmandu municipality
Authors: Bogati Amrit , Manandhar Reeju , Sharma Deewakar , Baidhya Sajan G. , Prajapati Dipanker , Baniya Sebina , Bista Neha , Khanal Sagun , Ranabhat Sudha
Published: April 2017

Background and Aims: The prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is globally increasing leading to the increase in mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among the residents of urban community of Kathmandu municipality.Methods: By using simple random sampling method, we selected 130 participants aged 18 years or above, from the voters list of ward no.22 of Kathmandu. Male participants aged less than 45 and female participants aged less than 55 were grouped as young age group which included total of 80 (61.5%) participants and rest were grouped as old age group. All the participants gave the informed consent. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 20.Results: The mean age of the participants was 46.6 years with 53.8% male. Insufficient physical activity (68.5%), high waist circumference (67.7%) were the two most prevalent risk factors followed by obesity (59.2%), hypertension (37.7%), tobacco consumption (37.5%), dyslipidemia (22.3%) and diabetes (16.9%) in overall population. Tobacco consumption were more prevalent in male participants of both younger and older age groups whereas high waist circumference was prevalent in female participants of both age group.Conclusion: Our study showed high prevalence of insufficient physical activity, high waist circumference, obesity, hypertension and tobacco use among urban population of Kathmandu, suggesting possibility of higher incidence of cardiovascular disease in future, pointing towards the need of aggressive preventive strategy to prevent epidemic of cardiovascular disease.Nepalese Heart Journal 2017; 14(1): 3-7
Pattern of left main stenosis at a tertiary cardiac center of Nepal
Authors: Rauniyar Binay Kumar , Gautam Milan , Sharma Ranjit , Kansakar Subodh Bir Singh , Rajbhandari Rajib , Maskey Arun , Malla Rabi
Published: April 2017

Background and Aims: Left main stem stenosis is defined as a lesion occupying more than 50% of the lumen diameter. Various studies have shown that left main stem stenosis occurs in 4%-6% of all the patients undergoing coronary angiography. We aim to find out the pattern of Left main stem disease in cardiology department of a tertiary cardiac center of Nepal.Methods: This was a retrospective study and was conducted from the properly maintained record of 2 years (August 2011 to July 2013) from cardiaccatheterization labs of Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Bansbari, Kathmandu, Nepal.Results: During the study period 3290 coronary angiogram were done. Among them 102 (3.1%) patients had left main stem stenosis of more than 50%. Mean age of the patients with left main stem stenosis was 60.6±10.1yrs. Most of (73.5%) of patients with left main stem stenosis were of age more than 55 years. Most (80.3%) of them were male. Ostial left main stem stenosis was present in 32 (31.3%) patients whereas distal left main stem stenosis was present in 70 (68.6%) patients. In patients with Left main stem stenosis, single vessel disease was present in 12 (11.7%), double vessel disease in 33(32.3%) and triple vessel disease in 49 (48.0%) patients, whereas 8 (7.8%) patients with non-critical coronary artery disease.Conclusion: Left main stem disease is not an uncommon angiographic finding and is often associated with multivessel coronary artery disease. It commonly occurs in distal part of vessel and the patients were older males.Nepalese Heart Journal 2017; 14(1): 29-30
Multivessel primary PCI in patient with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: K.C. Bishal , Adhikari Chandra Mani , Rauniyar Binay Kumar , Limbu Deepak , Malla Rabi
Published: April 2017

Thrombosis of multiple coronary arteries is extremely rare finding in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. This often leads to cardiogenic shock and sudden cardiac death. We report a case of 61 years old gentleman who presented with complaints of sudden onset of chest pain of 4hours duration and dizziness with near syncope 2 hours prior to presentation and ST segment elevation in anterior and inferior leads with complete heart block. Coronary angiogram revealed total occlusion of left anterior descending (LAD) and right coronary arteries (RCA). After the PCI to RCA follwed by LAD, patient went into Pulse less electrical activity. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, immediate percutaneous coronary intervention of the LAD and RCA, temporary pacing, immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation was carried out. The patient was eventually discharged with a New York Heart Association functional class II heart failure.Nepalese Heart Journal 2017; 14(1): 35-38
Paradoxical cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes with nicardipine
Authors: Lahiri Shouri , Nezhad Mani , Schlick Konrad H. , Rinsky Brenda , Rosengart Axel , Mayer Stephan A. , Lyden Patrick D.
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVE

Intravenous nicardipine is commonly used for blood pressure reduction in patients with acute stroke. However, few studies have described its effects on cerebrovascular hemodynamics as measured by transcranial Doppler (TCD) waveform analysis and pulsatility index (PI). In this study, the authors report examples of a consistent but paradoxical finding associated with nicardipine that suggests intracranial vasoconstriction, contrary to what is expected from a vasodilator.

METHODS

The data presented are from a convenience sample of patients who underwent TCD monitoring before, after, or during nicardipine administration. In each case, TCD waveform morphologies and PIs were compared.

RESULTS

The TCD waveforms during nicardipine infusion are characterized by a prominent systolic peak and dicrotic notch. Systolic deceleration was more pronounced and PIs were significantly elevated in patients who were on nicardipine (p < 0.001). This finding was not evident when patients were not on nicardipine.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides the first evidence of paradoxical intracranial vasoconstriction associated with intravenous nicardipine. In the authors' experience, this finding is consistently encountered in the vast majority of patients who are treated with intravenous nicardipine, and is contradictory to what is expected from a vasodilator. Future studies are needed to confirm this finding in larger populations and diverse clinical settings and to examine mechanisms that explain this phenomenon.
Prognostic implications of the subcellular localization of survivin in glioblastomas treated with radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide
Authors: Saito Taiichi , Sugiyama Kazuhiko , Takeshima Yukio , Amatya Vishwa Jeet , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Takayasu Takeshi , Nosaka Ryo , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Kawamata Takakazu , Kurisu Kaoru
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVE

Currently, the standard treatment protocol for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) includes surgery, radiotherapy, and concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). Various prognostic biomarkers for GBM have been described, including survivin expression. The aim of this study was to determine whether the subcellular localization of survivin correlates with GBM prognosis in patients who received the standard treatment protocol.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively examined the subcellular localization of survivin (nuclear, cytoplasmic, or both) using immunohistochemistry in 50 patients with GBM who had received the standard treatment. The relationship between survivin localization and overall survival (OS) was assessed with uni- and multivariate analyses including other clinicopathological factors (age, sex, Karnofsky Performance Scale [KPS] score, extent of resection, the use of second-line bevacizumab, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase [MGMT] status, and MIB-1 labeling index).

RESULTS

Log-rank tests revealed that patient age, KPS score, extent of resection, MGMT status, and survivin localization (p < 0.0001) significantly correlated with OS. Multivariate analysis indicated that patient age, MGMT status, and survivin localization significantly correlated with OS. Patients with nuclear localization of survivin had a significantly shorter OS than those in whom survivin expression was exclusively cytoplasmic (median OS 19.5 vs 31.7 months, respectively, HR 5.690, 95% CI 2.068–17.612, p = 0.0006). There was no significant difference in OS between patents whose survivin expression was exclusively nuclear or nuclear/cytoplasmic.

CONCLUSIONS

Nuclear expression of survivin is a factor for a poor prognosis in GBM patients. Subcellular localization of survivin can help to predict OS in GBM patients treated with the standard protocol.
Spatial and Temporal Variations in Waterbird Communities and its Implications for Ecosystem Management in a Large Temperate Arid Wetland of Northwest P.R. China
Authors: Zhang Yamian , Jiao Shengwu , Jia Yifei , Zeng Qing , Feng Duoduo , Lei Guangchun
Published: April 2017

Wuliangsuhai Lake is one of the key wetlands in the vast arid region of northwest P.R. China, and provides critical breeding and staging habitats for waterbirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway and the Central Asian Flyway. It also provides livelihoods for local communities through fishing, reed harvesting and tourism. Balancing conservation and economic use of the lake requires a thorough understanding of the dynamics of waterbird communities. From April 2011 to March 2012, we conducted a monthly waterbird survey on the lake, and counted more than 165,900 individuals which belonged to 87 species, 14 families and six orders. There were significant temporal differences in species richness and abundance. The highest migration activities of the birds were recorded in May and August. Shallow water and open water areas were mostly used by waterbirds with over 50% of the species, and a population density of 1,000 individuals per km2 recorded. Human use of the wetland mainly consists of fishing, tourism and reed harvesting, which may have a significant impact on waterbirds. The most intensive human activities occurred in July and August, in open water and shallow water. An adaptive management plan to reduce the negative impact of fishing and tourism activities in summer and autumn, to rationalise reed harvesting in winter and to control eutrophication are critical management measures in addressing threats to the ecological characters of the site.
Phase IIb Study of Intranasal Glutathione in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Mischley Laurie K. , Lau Richard C. , Shankland Eric G. , Wilbur Timothy K. , Padowski Jeannie M.
Published: April 2017

Background: Reduced glutathione (GSH) is an endogenously synthesized tripeptide depleted early in the course of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and GSH augmentation has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in PD.

Objective: This Phase IIb study was designed to evaluate whether a Phase III study of intranasal GSH, (in)GSH, for symptomatic relief is warranted and to determine the most appropriate trial design for a disease-modification study.

Methods: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 45 individuals with Hoehn & Yahr Stage 1–3 PD. Participants were randomized to receive intranasal placebo (saline), 100 mg GSH, or 200 mg GSH thrice daily for three months, and were observed over a one-month washout period.

Results: All cohorts improved over the intervention period, including placebo. The high-dose group demonstrated improvement in total Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) (–4.6 (4.7), P = 0.0025) and UPDRS motor subscore (–2.2 (3.8), P = 0.0485) over baseline, although neither treatment group was superior to placebo. One participant in the high-dose GSH cohort developed cardiomyopathy.

Conclusions: Although predicted improvements in PD total and motor scores were observed, these data do not suggest (in)GSH is superior to placebo after a three month intervention. The symptomatic effects are sufficient to warrant a delayed-start or wash-out design study for disease-modification trials. Whether long-term use of (in)GSH leads to clinical improvements that are sustained and significantly different than placebo will require appropriately-powered longer-duration studies in larger cohorts. The improvement in the placebo arm was more robust than has been observed in previous PD studies and warrants further investigation.
Histology and Surface Ultra-Structure of the Gill of A Minor Carp, Labeo bata (Hamilton)
Authors: Samajdar I. , Mandal D. K.
Published: April 2017

The histology and surface ultra-structures of the gill epithelium of Labeo bata has been examined through light and electron microscopy. Gill arches bear double rows of primary lamellae and each primary lamella is provided with two rows of delicate rectangular secondary lamellae on its upper and lower surfaces. Gill arches and filaments are lined by thick stratified epithelium while the epithelium of secondary lamella is made up of thin single layered pavement cells. The thin epithelium is supported and kept apart from each other by the pillar cells. The pavement cells are polygonal with well-defined cell boundary and microridges on its apical surface. The epithelial cells are interspersed by large chloride cells located at the base of secondary lamellae and PAS positive mucous cells. Mucous cells are found abundant at the base and tip of the primary lamellae.  Taste buds are found on the concave anterior faces of gill arches. The short and soft gill rakers are covered with stratified epithelium. This finding demonstrated that the fish has well developed respiratory system matching to its active life.
Airborne Radioactivity in Hot Lab of Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Ferdous J. , Sharmin N. , Begum A. , Begum A.
Published: April 2017

In this study, identification and measurement of gamma emitting radionuclides contaminant in air inside the hot lab at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine have been carried out. Air particulate collection has been performed by suction of indoor air through filter paper using Staplex air sampler. The radioactivities of Pb-212, Pb-214, Ac-228, Bi-214, K-40, I-131 and Tc-99m captured by the filter paper were assessed using gamma-ray spectrometry. The observed activities of natural  radionuclides in air samples ranged from 0.59 to 295 mBq/m3 with average 143±0.003 mBq/m3 for Pb-212;  13.55 to 1911 mBq/m3 with average 402±0.007  mBq/m3 for Pb-214;  0.69 mBq/m3 to 571 mBq/m3 with average 57.33±0.009  mBq/m3 for Ac-228;  7.85 to 2192 mBq/m3 with average 543±0.014 mBq/m3 for Bi-214  and from 9.89 mBq/m3 to 256 mBq/m3 with average 92.9±0.052 mBq/m3 for K-40. The activities of artificial radionuclides in air filter ranged from 0.19 to 60.67 mBq/m3 with average 6.4±0.0 mBq/m3 for I-131; 0.25 to 40.27 mBq/m3 with average 4.17±0.0 mBq/m3 for Tc-99m. The activity of I-131 is compared with the reported values of other countries of the world. This demonstrated that the work place condition is satisfactory and the level of protection provided to the worker is sufficient.
Economic Viability of the Tista River Sand Deposits in Bangladesh An Overview
Authors: Rahman M. A. , Zaman M. N. , Biswas P. K. , Sultana M. S.
Published: April 2017

The Tista River originates from the Himalaya Mountain, flows through Bangladesh and makes itself as the largest tributary of the Brahmaputra-Jamuna River, having huge sand deposits with valuable minerals. The present work implies economic viability of the Tista River sand deposits measuring heavy mineral concentration and comparing with other established deposits and marking the cut-off grade and prices of these minerals. The study shows that the average content of heavy minerals is 8.26%, containing garnet, ilmenite, magnetite, rutile, zircon and micas. The selected valuable oxides in the form of minerals are SiO2, MgO, K2O and rare earth elements. The commendable amount of SiO2 71.72 wt% makes it feasible as raw material in the glass factory. Another valuable oxide is K2O amounted 2.53 wt% (price per ton in US$ 350-400) makes it praiseworthy. The valuable elements found in deserving quantities are Ba, Rb, Th, V, Cs, Cr, Ni and Co. The remarkable finding of this study is Thorium (Th) measured 28 gm/ton of bulk sand. According to Nobel laureate Carlo Rubbia, thorium (Th) can produce 200 times more electricity than uranium and more environment friendly. So it is economically feasible to take proper initiative to set up mining for sand processing.
Development and Characterization of Atorvastatin Calcium Sustained Release Tablet Using Carbomer-974 and Hypromellose-15000 cps
Authors: Akbar S. , Bhatta R. , Rahman M. A. , Hossain M. S. , Bhuiyan M. S. , Uddin M. G.
Published: April 2017

A new sustained release formulation of Atorvastatin Calcium tablet, exhibiting improved swelling property and compatibility to prolong the drug release was prepared. Sustained release tablets were formulated using varying concentration of Carbomer-974 and Hypromellose-15000 cps, by direct compression method. Physical characteristics, compactibility, swelling index and drug content uniformity of the prepared formulations were determined. The drug release studies was carried out in USP dissolution test apparatus II (paddle) using phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 as dissolution medium for 8 hours and documented the effects of polymers on the drug release profile. The release mechanism was explored and explained with Zero order & Higuchi kinetic models. Formulation F1 and F5 were best fitted in the Higuchi model, representing diffusion mechanism of drug release, while Formulations F2, F3 and F4 showed Zero order model of drug release profile. The drug release pattern, compactibility and swelling index property of the formulated preparations were concentration dependent of the polymers used. Further study is necessary to evaluate the in vitro-in vivo relationship, but this study will be helpful for future to exploit the potential of this drug delivery system for the benefit of the mankind.
Kinetics of Forward Extraction of V(V) in V(V)-NO3- (H+, Na+)-TOA-Kerosene System using Single Drop Technique
Authors: Biswas R. K. , Karmakar A. K. , Mottakin M.
Published: April 2017

The titled system has been investigated using a single drop technique and flux (F) method of data treatment. In calculating fluxes, the time for drop formation and coalescence (?t = 0.75 s) is considered. At lower concentration region of vanadium, V(V), the rate of V(V) transfer is directly proportional to its concentration. With the increase in [V(V)], slowly extractable V(V) species are formed gradually resulting in decrease in rate. Rate is directly proportional to the square root of [TOA]. It is reported that the most favorable extractable V(V) species exists in maximum amount at pH 2, and so, log F vs pH plots show a maximum at pH~2. The flux of V(V) transfer in most cases is found to be decreased with increasing [NO3-]. Reaction orders with respect to [V(V)], pH and [NO3-] have been attempted to be estimated, but in vein due to non-linearity of plots in most cases. Activation energies for the present system is ~ -12 kJ/mol. This is unexpected but explained. Due to irregular variation of the composition of extractable species with [V(V)], [H+]; as well as temperature; it is not possible to elucidate the value of rate constant (k) and mechanism in simple way.
Contrast Induced Nephropathy - CIN
Authors: Moniruzzaman -
Published: April 2017

Abstract not availableKYAMC Journal Vol. 4, No.-1, July 2013, Page 315
Welsh Politics after the EU Referendum
Authors: Osmond John
Published: April 2017

This paper examines the electoral and ideological contest that has taken place between Welsh Labour and Plaid Cymru in the five National Assembly elections that have been held between 1999 and 2016. Both parties have found success when they have managed to combine effective leadership with a coherent programme and a strong sense of Welsh identity. However, the Welsh vote to leave the EU in the June 2016 referendum has dealt both parties a poor hand in speaking up for Welsh interests. Can they find a common cause in working together and also with Scotland to take Wales forward in a progressive constitutional direction?
The Making of the President, 2016–17
Authors: Edwards Owen Dudley
Published: April 2017

This essay situates Donald Trump's victory in the 2016 US presidential election against a background of US political history. It considers the style and themes of the Presidential race and poses the question: to what extent did the gender of Donald Trump's opponent shape his victory?
Revised Gravitational Search Algorithms Based on Evolutionary-Fuzzy Systems
Authors: Pelusi Danilo , Mascella Raffaele , Tallini Luca
Published: April 2017

The choice of the best optimization algorithm is a hard issue, and it sometime depends on specific problem. The Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is a search algorithm based on the law of gravity, which states that each particle attracts every other particle with a force called gravitational force. Some revised versions of GSA have been proposed by using intelligent techniques. This work proposes some GSA versions based on fuzzy techniques powered by evolutionary methods, such as Genetic Algorithms (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE), to improve GSA. The designed algorithms tune a suitable parameter of GSA through a fuzzy controller whose membership functions are optimized by GA, PSO and DE. The results show that Fuzzy Gravitational Search Algorithm (FGSA) optimized by DE is optimal for unimodal functions, whereas FGSA optimized through GA is good for multimodal functions.