bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of an Efficient Transient Gene Expression Assay Based on Tobacco ((Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi) Male Gametophytes
Authors: Akhond M. A. Y. , Machray G. C.
Published: July 2010

Optimization of direct DNA delivery into tobacco ((Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi) male gametophytes was devised together with development of an efficient transient expression system to study gene expression under controlled conditions. Use of a GFP gene driven by strong promoter and enhancer sequences allowed an efficient non-lethal transient gene expression assay with an overall transient gene expression frequency of > 4% for uninucleate microspores and between 10 and 20% for binucleate pollen. The technique demonstrated its suitability for analysis of developmental stage-specific gene expression. The assay allowed observation of real-time transgene expression during microspore maturation proving useful for in vitro pollen selection. We have also used this protocol to determine the recombination potential of tobacco male gametic cells by assessing the frequency of extra-chromosomal homologous recombination events after co-delivery of two loss-of-function GFP genes. No increase of extrachromosomal recombination was observed in assays for transient transformation.

Key words: Biolistic, GFP, Microspore, Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, Transformation

D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4078

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 9-23, 2009 (June)
In vitro Propagation of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) from Nodal and Root Segments
Authors: Munsur M.A.Z. Al , Haque M.S. , Nasiruddin K.M. , Hossain M.S.
Published: July 2010

Explants of nodal and root segments of bitter gourd were cultured on MS supplemented with various concentrations of BAP in combination with either 2,4-D or NAA. Nodal segments produced the highest percentage (93.75) of callus in MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP whereas, root segments produced the highest (85.00%) callus in 0.6 mg/l NAA and 2.5 mg/l BAP combination. A combination of 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP exhibited 75.00% shoot regeneration from nodal segments. The highest shoot length (5.15 cm) was recorded with 2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l IAA from nodal segments. No sign of regeneration of shoot was found from root segments in any of the combinations. However, some combinations produced only roots.  Key words: In vitro propagation, bitter gourd, nodal segments, Root segments D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4916 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 45-52, 2009 (June)
Clonal Propagation Through Nodal Explant Culture of Boerhaavia diffusa L. - A Rare Medicinal Plant
Authors: Biswas A. , Bari M. A. , Roy M. , Bhadra S. K.
Published: July 2010

Multiple shoots were induced on MS fortified with 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l NAA within 30 days of culture. Maximum (93%) explants produced multiple shoots with an average 12 shoots per culture after two successive subcultures at 14 days interval in the same medium. Cent per cent rooting was achieved in half strength of MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA. Following 21 days in vitro rooting period and seven days of ex vitro acclimatization, plantlets were successfully established in natural condition. The survival rate of regenerated plants was 90 per cent.  Key words: Clonal propagation, Boerhaavia diffusa, Rare medicinal plant, Nodal culture D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4917 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 53-59, 2009 (June)
In vitro Clonal Propagation of Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum L.) Using Callus Culture
Authors: Jahan M.T. , Islam M.R. , Khan Ruseli , Mamun A.N.K. , Ahmed G. , Hakim L.
Published: July 2010

High frequency of calli was obtained from leaf and spadix segments of Anthurium andraeanum L. when cultured on N6 medium containing 2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D in dark condition. The calli were maintained in dark condition on the same medium containing same hormonal supplements by sub-culturing up to three months but no shoot formation occurred during this period. Leaf and spadix segments derived calli were then tried for multiple shoot regeneration by culturing onto MS fortified with BAP and Kn singly or in combination with NAA in light condition. Best response towards multiple shoot regeneration was observed from both leaf and spadix segments derived calli on MS  fortified with 1.0 mg/l BAP. In this combination an average of 18 shoot buds  regenerated from leaf segment derived callus while 14 shoot buds  regenerated from spadix segment derived callus. The number of shoot buds increased three to four-folds after subculturing in the same medium. Regenerated multiple shoots were excised and cultured onto half strength of MS with different concentrations of IBA and IAA for root induction. Best root development was obtained in half strength MS containing 1.0 mg/l IBA. About 85 per cent of the regenerated plantlets survived in natural conditions. Key words:  Clonal propagation, In vitro, Anthurium andraeanum D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4961 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 61-69, 2009 (June)
Plant Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Plumbago
Authors: Gopalakrishnan M. , Janarthananm B. , Lakshmi Sai G. , Sekar T.
Published: July 2010

Leaf explants of Plumbago rosea L. an important medicinal plant inoculated on MS supplemented with 6.66 mM BAP and 2.69 mM NAA  produced numerous (105 ± 0.3) shootlets with an average length of 3.1 ± 0.0 cm. Small shootlets were transferred to shoot elongation medium supplemented with 1.11 mM BAP plus 1.44 mM GA3. The elongated shootlets transferred to half strength MS basal medium without any plant growth regulator produced 4.3 ± 0.2 rootlets per plants with average root length of 4.0 ± 0.0 cm after 25 days of culture. Rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening showed 80 - 90 per cent of plantlets success-fully established in the field. Potentially more than 50,000 plantlets could be produced within five subcultures from without callus phase obtained from leaf explant. Maximum root differentiation from leaf explants was obtained on MS supplemented with 5.38 mM IBA. The roots developed by the above method is an alternative for the controlled production of secondary metabolites. Key words:  In vitro culture, leaf explants, mass propagation, Plumbago rosea D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4989 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 79-87, 2009 (June)
Establishment of Morphogenic and Regeneration Ability in two Indica Rice Cell Suspension Cultures after Exposure to NaCl
Authors: Aditya T.L.
Published: July 2010

An efficient protocol was developed for in vitro morphogenic ability along with plantlet regeneration of two Bangladeshi indica rice varieties (BR24 and BR26) via somatic embryogenesis by applying 50 mM NaCl stress in callus induction and suspension initiation media. Osmotic stress was induced by NaCl (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) on the cell growth in suspension maintenance media. In viability test stress adapted cells showed 85 - 95% viability up to 200 mM NaCl compared with stress shocked (MS1-50) and control (MS1-0) treatments. Higher stress adapted cells showed growth retardation and the induction of plasmolysis. For both genotypes somatic embryos were obtained in both MS based liquid and semisolid media with or without 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Cell suspension-derived micro-calli were partially desiccated (6 - 12 hr) and subsequently maintained in MS1 callus induction media supplemented with proline (12 mM), ABA (2 mg/l) and 0.6% phytagel in the presence or absence of 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Subsequently, desiccated somatic embryos were transferred in MS based regeneration media with or without 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Proline mediated callus was found to be more effective in embryo differentiation than ABA. Partial desiccation dramatically enhanced callus growth and partially increased regeneration percentage. BR24 showed a better regeneration response producing plantlets in presence of proline in control media while BR26 restored regeneration potential in the presence of ABA and 100 mM NaCl. Plantlets regenerated from salt stressed callus cultures were then grown in compost in a glasshouse and produced normal, fertile plants.  Key words: Indica rice, Cell suspension, Morphogenic, Regeneration D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5436 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 185-197, 2009 (December)
Sequence Specific Dihedral Angle Distribution: Application in Protein Structure Prediction and Evaluation
Authors: Minhaz Ud-Dean S. M. , Moosa Mahdi Muhammad
Published: July 2010

Protein structure prediction and evaluation is one of the major fields of computational biology. Estimation of dihedral angle can provide information about the acceptability of both theoretically predicted and experimentally determined structures. Here we report on the sequence specific dihedral angle distribution of high resolution protein structures available in PDB and have developed Sasichandran, a tool for sequence specific dihedral angle prediction and structure evaluation. This tool will allow evaluation of a protein structure in pdb format from the sequence specific distribution of Ramachandran angles. Additionally, it will allow retrieval of the most probable Ramachandran angles for a given sequence along with the sequence specific data. Key words: Torsion angle, φ-ψ distribution, sequence specific ramachandran plot, Ramasekharan, protein structure appraisal D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5439 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 217-226, 2009 (December)
Precise Incubation Period for the Agrobacterium- mediated Transformation Efficiency in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cvs. Cardinal and Atlas
Authors: Sarker S. R. , Hossain M. , Shirin F.
Published: July 2010

Precise incubation period facilitates significant response to Agrobacterium- mediated genetic transformation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cvs. Atlas and Cardinal. The protocol yielded an average transformation rate of 58.4% for internodal explants compared to 38% for leaf explants in Atlas while 47.6% for intenodal explants as against 7.6% for leaf explants in Cardinal. Highest survival rate and transient GUS activity were shown by Atlas and Cardinal at 45 min of incubation with Agrobacterium. The plants were analyzed histochemically for GUS activity in their leaves and internodes. All these analysis indicated that each independently selected and regenerated plants of Atlas and Cardinal were GUS positive and transient.  Key words:  Transformation, Incubation period, Potato cultivars D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5440 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 227-235, 2009 (December)
Effect of Bavistin and Adenine Sulphate on In vitro Shoot Multiplication of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora
Authors: Bantawa Pranay , Roy Olivia Saha , Ghosh Parthadeb , Mondal Tapan Kumar
Published: July 2010

An alternative protocol for in vitro propagation of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora is described using bavistin and adenine sulphate. The explants differentiated into multiple shoot buds on MS supplemented with various concentrations of bavistin and adenine sulphate ranging from 0 - 400 mg/l either alone or in combination. Maximum number of multiple shoots were obtained on MS containing the combination of bavistin (100 mg/l) and adenine sulphate (100 mg/l). In this combination as high as 28 shoots per explant was achieved and also vetrification of the cultures were not recorded. This study also demonstrates that the bavistin has stronger cytokinin-like activity than adenine sulphate. For instance, it was observed that bavistin alone in the concentration of 300 mg/l produced as high as 24 shoots per explant, however, adenine sulphate (100 mg/l) could produce a maximum of 18 shoots per explant. Moreover, higher or lower concentration did not improve the shoot multiplication. The microshoots were separated from the multiple shoots and transferred to MS containing various concentrations of auxins. Among them, NAA (1 mg/l) produced as high as 6 roots per explant. The regenerated plantlets were hardened in plastic cups (6 x 8 cm) containing 9 : 1 virgin soil and soil at Kyongnosla nursery and acclimated for four weeks. A 90% survival rate of the plants was recorded after 60 days. D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5441 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 237-245, 2009 (December)
Rapid In vitro Root Induction in Transgenic
Authors: Rashid Bushra , Husnain Tayyab , Riazuddin S.
Published: July 2010

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum, Rooting, Transgenic cotton D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5442 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 247-251, 2009 (December)    - Short communication
Neural Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer: The Past, Present and Future
Authors: Demir Ihsan Ekin , Ceyhan Güralp O. , Liebl Florian , D’Haese Jan G. , Maak Matthias , Friess Helmut
Published: July 2010

In the past 15 years, invasion of nerves by cancer cells has escaped from its role as a mere bystander in cancer biology and turned into an attractive niche to study the heterotypic interaction between cancer cells and neurons. Today, neural invasion (NI) in pancreatic cancer (PCa) stands out due to the recent demonstration of its association with tumor progression, local recurrence and neuropathic pain. Accordingly, recent research on NI in PCa revealed the critical involvement of numerous nerve- or cancer cell-derived molecules in several novel in vitro and in vivo models of NI, which, however, still need further major improvement.
Biosecurity on Poultry Farms from On-Farm Fluidized Bed Combustion and Energy Recovery from Poultry Litter
Authors: Bowen Barry , Lynch Declan , Lynch Deirdre , Henihan Anne Marie , Leahy James J. , McDonnell Kevin
Published: July 2010

The spreading of poultry litter in recent years has led to a serious increase in levels of eutrophication, nitrate leaching, high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia toxicity, high chlorine concentrations and pathogen contamination. The review presented here details the optimum standards that should be met when storing litter for On-Farm Fluidized Bed Combustion. Storage conditions are paramount to a fuel combusting to its highest possible potential. Safety measures such as the prevention of leaching and spontaneous combustion must be adhered to, so too should the prevention and containment of possible diseases and pathogens to minimize the effects of contamination.
Drought, Sustainability, and the Law
Authors: Adler Robert W.
Published: July 2010

Researchers and responsible officials have made considerable progress in recent years in efforts to anticipate, plan for, and respond to drought. Some of those efforts are beginning to shift from purely reactive, relief-oriented measures to programs designed to prevent or to mitigate drought impacts. Considerably less attention has been given to laws that may affect practices and policies that either increase or decrease drought vulnerability. Water law regimes, drought response and relief legislation, and laws governing broader but related issues of economic policy—especially agricultural policy—should be evaluated more comprehensively to enhance incentives for more ―water sustainable‖ practices in agriculture and other sectors of the economy. Those changes will be increasingly important if current climate change models are correct in their prediction that many parts of the world can expect more frequent and more severe conditions of meteorological drought in the ensuing decades.
Efficacy of the Monoclonal Antibody EGFR Inhibitors for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Fakih Marwan , Wong R.
Published: July 2010

Two anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) have been approved in Canada for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)—cetuximab, a mouse-human chimeric MoAb, and panitumumab, a fully human MoAb. This paper reviews the efficacy of the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab—both as monotherapy and in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy—in the treatment of mCRC. Both cetuximab and panitumumab have demonstrated clinical efficacy in monotherapy in patients with mCRC, an advantage that has recently been found to be limited largely to those with wild-type KRAS tumors. Advantages of using these agents in monotherapy include reduced cost and toxicity. While the addition of cetuximab to irinotecan has shown superior progression-free survival and response compared with cetuximab monotherapy, there is currently no evidence for a benefit of panitumumab in combination with irinotecan.
Recent advances in carbocupration of α-heterosubstituted alkynes
Authors: Basheer Ahmad , Marek Ilan
Published: July 2010

Carbocupration of α-heterosubstituted alkynes leads to the formation of stereodefined functionalized vinyl copper species as single isomer. Recent advances in the field show that a simple pre-association of the organometallic derivative with an additional polar functional group in the vicinity of the reaction center may completely change the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. Representative examples are given in this mini-review.
THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL, PETROL AND RAPESEED OIL BLENDS ON DIRECT INJECTION DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS
Authors: Labeckas Gvidonas , Slavinskas Stasys
Published: July 2010

The article deals with the testing results of a four stroke four cylinder, DI diesel engine operating on pure rapeseed oil (RO) and its 2.5vol%, 5vol% and 7.5vol% blends with ethanol (ERO) and petrol (PRO). The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of ethanol and petrol addition to RO on blend viscosity, percentage changes in brake mean effective pressure (bmep), brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc), the brake thermal efficiency (çe) of a diesel engine and its emission composition, including NO, NO2, NOX, CO, CO2, HC and the smoke opacity of exhausts. The addition of 2.5, 5 and 7.5vol% of ethanol and the same percentage of petrol into RO, at a temperature of 20 °C, diminish the viscosity of the blends by 9.2%, 21.3%, 28.3% and 14.1%, 24.8%, 31.7% respectively. Heating biofuels up to a temperature of 60 °C, diminishes the kinematic viscosity of RO, blends ERO2.5–7.5 and PRO2.5–7.5 4.2, 3.9–3.8 and 3.9–3.7 times accordingly. At a speed of 1400–1800 min‐1, bmep higher by 1.3% if compared with that of RO (0.772–0.770 MPa) ensures blend PRO2.5, whereas at a rated speed of 2200 min‐1 , bmep higher by 5.6–2.7% can be obtained when fuelling the loaded engine, ë = 1.6, with both PRO2.5–5 blends. The bsfc of the engine operating on blend PRO2.5 at maximum torque and rated power is respectively 3.0% and 5.5% lower. The highest brake thermal efficiency at maximum torque (0.400) and rated power (0.415) compared to that of RO (0.394) also suggests blend PRO2.5. The largest increase in NOXemissions making 1907 ppm (24.8%) and 1811 ppm (19.6%) compared to that of RO was measured from a more calorific blend PRO7.5 (9.99% oxygen) at low (1400 min‐1) and rated (2200 min‐1) speeds. The emission of carbon monoxide from blends ERO2.5–5 throughout the whole speed range runs lower from 6.1% to 32.9% and the smoke opacity of the fully loaded engine changes from 5.1% which is a higher to 46.4% which is a lower level if compared to the corresponding data obtained using pure RO. The CO2 emissions of carbon monoxide and the temperature of the exhausts generated by the engine running at a speed of 2200 min‐1 diminish from 7.8 vol% to 6.3vol% and from 500 °C to 465 °C due to the addition of 7.5vol% of ethanol to RO.
A PROPOSAL FOR THE MODELS AND MEASURES OF SEARCH AND RESCUE ON INLAND WATERWAYS
Authors: Vidan Pero , Kasum Josip , Jolić Natalija
Published: July 2010

Search and rescue on inland waterways are considered to be insufficiently developed. The methods of search and rescue have been developed only for sea waterways. Despite the possibilities of comparison, the specific characteristics of inland waterways are the reason why it is seriously considered to develop proposals for search and rescue models on inland waterways. The authors of this paper suggest a search and rescue model for rivers, lakes and channels regarding configuration and the current safety conditions on inland waterways. The model allows a successful quest for reduced search time. In addition, the model predicts the performance of the search.
Field layout of a tiltmeter array to monitor micro‐deformation induced by pumping through a horizontal collector well
Authors: Chen H.C. , Kümpel H.‐J. , Krawczyk C.M.
Published: July 2010

Pump‐induced tilt deformation in the subsurface has repeatedly been observed as a hydromechanical, poroelastic response to changes in pump rates in the vicinity of fluid‐producing wells. Within the Fuhrberg waterworks area, north of Hannover, Germany, groundwater is withdrawn from 22 m depth through a system of horizontal wells out of a sandy, unconfined aquifer. To measure the pump‐induced tilt, a specific field layout was designed and a unique data set recorded. The monitoring experiment was set in place by installing 12 borehole tiltmeters at depths of approximately 2 m below surface. We monitored micro‐deformation signals in situ for up to two years, so that long‐term, short‐term and event‐type tilt signals could be identified. During the study, the pump rate of the producing well system varied from 50–400 m3/h in an irregular but controlled manner. The field layout of the tiltmeter array allowed to trace both the overall signature of the induced micro‐deformations around the well system as well as the tilt responses at individual tiltmeter positions. For a variation of the pump rate by 100 m3/h we found the average amplitude of the induced signal to be around . There is a general trend for the induced tilt signals to build up in a concentric way around the central pit. Nevertheless, there are significant deviations from the expected tilt response, namely of order ±10° in azimuth or in amplitude per 100 m3/h change in pump rate for roughly half of all the 42 tiltmeter sites monitored. The deviating tilt azimuths are believed to reflect the presence of heterogeneities in the glacio‐fluviatile sediments at this location. While influence of the local topography is of minor importance, as well as noise from meteorological and hydrological causes, effects due to the nearby vegetation can mask the pump‐induced tilt signal by up to 30%. Here, the distance of the observation points away from larger trees is essential, rather than the overall amount of vegetation.
A Note on Discounting: The Case for Annuity Prices & the PBGC Methodology
Authors: Borzilleri Thomas C.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
A Valuation of a Generic Child: The Investment Approach
Authors: Prinzinger Joseph M.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990: New Opportunities for Forensic Economists
Authors: Frasca Ralph R. , Winger Bernard J.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
The Meaning of “Hedonic Damages” in Tort Litigation
Authors: Ireland Thomas R.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Losses in Commercial Litigation
Authors: Foster Carroll B. , Trout Robert R. , Gaughan Patrick A.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
A Due Diligence Process for Highly Leveraged Transactions
Authors: Gaughan Patrick A.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Compensatory Damages and the Appropriate Discount Rate: A Comment
Authors: Albrecht Gary R.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Determining Goodwill Valuation in the Small Firm: An Illustration of the Excess Earnings Approach
Authors: King Roger T. , Sackley William H.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Intra-Year Discounting Assumptions and Bias in Lost Earnings Analysis: A Comment
Authors: Ciecka James E.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
On Testing for the Stability of the Net Discount Rate
Authors: Gamber Edward N. , Sorensen Robert L.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Dedicated Portfolios And The Present Value Of Lost Earnings: A Comment
Authors: Houldsworth Mark A. , McKinnon Tom D.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
The Questionable Reasonableness Of Trout And Foster's Method Of Estimating A Decedent's Consumption In Wrongful Death Cases: A Comment
Authors: Landsea William
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
An Analysis Of Alternative Methods Of Calculating Tax-Adjusted Awards
Authors: Bell Edward B. , Taub Allan J.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Tax-Induced Errors In The Calculation Of Lump-Sum Awards
Authors: Harris William G.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Life Insurance As An Offset To Economic Losses In Wrongful Death Cases: A Comment
Authors: Ciecka James E.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Statistical Methodology In Employment Discrimination Litigation: Reply To Piette
Authors: Hawley Clifford B.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Get Real! A Comment On The Need For “Adjustments” In Discounting Future Periodic Damage Amounts
Authors: Landsea William F.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Savings Offsets In Future Care Costs For The Severely Injured: New Thoughts On An Unsettled Issue
Authors: Feldman Roger , Egge Karl A.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Valuing The Lost Leisure Involved In Household Services In Personal Injury Cases
Authors: Mason Paul M. , Fabritius Michael M.
Published: July 2010

No abstract available.
Does service learning promote adult development? Theoretical perspectives and directions for research
Authors: Smith M. Cecil
Published: July 2010

Within the context of adult development, theories are highlighted that suggest research on the impact of service learning on adults.
Developing professional values: Campus and community perspectives on a social work partnership
Authors: Richter‐Hauk Rachael , Arias Julie
Published: July 2010

Core professional values were fostered among adult social work students through structured reflection on their community based learning experiences.
Community colleges and adult service learners: Evaluating a first‐year program to improve implementation
Authors: Largent Liz , Horinek Jon B.
Published: July 2010

A new service learning program at a community college uses evaluation results to improve the experience for adult students.
Educator as designer: Balancing multiple teaching perspectives in the design of community based learning for adults
Authors: Marienau Catherine , Reed Susan C.
Published: July 2010

Complex choices may confront educators in designing community based learning opportunities for adults; decisions will be influenced by their perspectives on teaching and learning.
Developing habits of reflection for meaningful learning
Authors: Fiddler Morris , Marienau Catherine
Published: July 2010

Students' formation of meaningful learning through community based activities varies with the nature and quality of reflective skills they develop and apply.
Strengthening democracy and personal development through community engagement
Authors: Chickering Arthur W.
Published: July 2010

Community based learning among adults is needed to help fuel civic engagement to rebuild and sustain our nation's democracy.
EPSAC‐controlled anesthesia with online gain adaptation
Authors: Niño J. , De Keyser R. , Syafiie S. , Ionescu C. , Struys M.
Published: July 2010

This paper presents the application of predictive control to drug dosing during anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery. A single‐input (propofol) single‐output (bispectral index (BIS)) model of the patient has been assumed for prediction. The performance of our previous strategy in drug dosing control has been improved to tackle inter‐patient variability. A set of 12 patient models was studied and, in order to ensure the applicability of the proposed controller, gain adaptation in the controller is proposed. Preliminary studies have shown that due to static nonlinearity in the sigmoid curve of the patient model, feedback control is not feasible in the first part of the induction phase. Therefore, the control strategy applied in this study consists of controlling the effect site concentration (Ce) during the first phase and controlling BIS once the relation BIS/Cehas been identified. The policy of switching and adapting the control strategies shows a good performance during the induction phase in simulation studies. Clinical tests have been scheduled at the Ghent University Hospital for the coming months. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemisorption of hydrogen sulfide on halloysite‐based porous clay heterostructures modified with potassium permanganate
Authors: Lu Zhenxiang , Huang Zheng‐Hong , Kang Feiyu
Published: July 2010

Hydrogen sulfide gas is harmful to human health and causes corrosion of electronic devices, when it is present in indoor air. Porous clay heterostructures (PCHs) provide a new type of material for catalysis, adsorptive separations and as H2S sensors because their large pores allow access to their active interiors. PCHs posses a large adsorptive surface area (400–900 m2 g−1) and a unique combination of micro‐ and mesoporosity. In this work, PCHs were synthesized by the polymerization of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the micelles, which were assembled by mixing tubular halloysite powders and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB). Both as‐synthesized PCHs and pristine halloysite were impregnated with KMnO4 by equal‐volume mixing to obtain chemosorbents. The mass percentages of KMnO4 ranged from 5 to 30 wt%. The samples were characterized by using N2 adsorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and infrared spectroscopy. The dynamic adsorption of the chemosorbents for hydrogen sulfide was evaluated with a fixed bed. The results show that the PCH‐based chemosorbents exhibit better H2S breakthrough performance due to their rich porous structure, the samples with 15–20 wt% KMnO4 possessing the highest activity. This study shows that the KMnO4/PCH chemosorbents can effectively remove H2S from indoor air at room temperature. © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Construct biomimetic giant vesicles via self‐assembly of poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐block‐poly(D,L‐lactide)
Authors: Liu Gongyan , Hu Xiaofen , Chen Chaojian , Ji Jian
Published: July 2010

The poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)‐block‐poly(D,L‐lactide) (PMPC‐b‐PLA) was specially designed to develop biomimetic giant vesicles (GVs) and giant large compound vesicles via a simple spontaneous assemble in aqueous solution. The weight fraction of the hydrophilic PMPC block (fPC) was proved to play an important role in the size and morphology control of the self‐assembled aggregates. The GVs with controlled micrometer size and biomimetic PMPC corona have great potential as artificial cell models. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Effect of prepolyurethane on the performances of poly(acrylates‐co‐urethane) copolymer
Authors: Li Minrui , Zheng Zhen , Liu Shujuan , Wei Wei , Wang Xinling
Published: July 2010

Poly(acrylates‐co‐urethane) copolymers were synthesized by the polymerization of acrylates and 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate terminated polyurethane (prepolyurethane) at room temperature. The polymerization was initiated by the radicals, which were produced by the oxidation of tri‐n‐butylborane (TBB) from the mixing of TBB/hexamethylene diamine complex and diisocyanate decomplexer. The effects of prepolyurethane on the performances of copolymers were discussed. The results indicated that the damping property and flexibility of copolymers were obviously higher than that of pure polyacrylates. Dynamic mechanical analysis and transmission electron microscope results showed that PU was dispersed in polyacrylates phase very well. The copolymers were found to bond well to low surface energy materials because of introduction of PU. The lap shearing strength of copolymer bonding polypropylene or polyethylene both had the trend of first increase followed by decrease with the prepolyurethane content increase. The copolymers as adhesives were also shown to have a long working life and be suitable for utilization at low temperature especially at room temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Infrared spectra and conformation of monodisperse Oligo‐γ‐Benzyl‐L‐Glutamates in solution
Authors: Imae Toyoko , Ikeda Shoichi
Published: July 2010

The ir spectra of σ–nitrophenylthio‐tetra‐ and hexa‐γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate ethylamides were measured at different concentrations in chloroform and ethylene dichloride. The molar extinction coefficients of two bands, each for the amide I and A modes, were observed as indicating the content of β structure and the fraction of hydrogen bonds; they were analyzed for elucidating the hydrogen‐bonded state of peptide residues in the σ and β conformations of oligopeptides. While the content of β structure of the tetra‐peptide increases with increasing concentration, the hexapeptide is in the β conformation above the critical concentration only. The fraction of hydrogen bonds remains finite even at infinite dilution or below the critical concentration, indicating the intramolecular hydrogen‐bonding in the σ—form. As the fundamental structure of folded forms having only intramolecular hydrogen bonds, the 27 ribbon is most likely. With increasing concentration or above the critical concentration, the extended forms are stabilized by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between residues of the β‐form. The β‐form is present only when intermolecular hydrogen bonds link two residues in an antiparallel way. Possible structures of the oligopeptides in the σ– and β conformations in the two solvents are described briefly.
The Resolution of nucleic acid‐ligand binding sites by CD first‐neighbor analysis
Authors: Allen Fritz S. , Gray Donald M.
Published: July 2010

The first‐neighbor approximation for representation of double‐stranded polynucleotide CD has been used to determine which first‐neighbor units are favorable binding sites for a ligand. Here, we refine the process to yield a more definitive answer. The binding at the first‐neighbor units, ApA:TpT and CpC:GpG, may be unequivocally resolved, and when fewer than six of the remaining eight base‐paired first‐neighbor units are bound by the ligand, they too can be resolved. If this condition is not met, then the binding can be characterized as nonspecific.
Highway design software as support of a project‐based learning course
Authors: Castro Maria
Published: July 2010

Traditionally, practical training of students in highway design has been based on solving geometric problems without using professional highway design software. In a degree of the Technical University of Madrid (UPM), teaching of this subject has been redesigned using a project‐based learning approach. Along the course, the students make a complete project of a highway using professional software and procedures. The highway design software chosen includes a simulator that makes a virtual journey along the highway from the point of view of a driver traveling on it. A detailed description of the course program and the software used is provided. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 468–473, 2012
Ureterocalicostomy to Salvage a Renal Allograft with Pyeloureteral Necrosis
Authors: Pais Vernon M. , Clark Curtis J. , Lucas Bruce A.
Published: July 2010

Necrosis of an allograft's renal pelvis and ureter is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of renal transplantation. Although its occurrence may result in significant morbidity—including graft loss—or mortality, reconstruction of the collecting system may save the transplanted kidney. We present a case of successful renal allograft salvage despite necrosis of the renal pelvis and ureter, utilizing a modified ureterocalicostomy.
Erläuterungen zur “DIBt‐Richtlinie zur Anwendung von DIN V ENV 1994‐1‐2 in Verbindung mit DIN 18800‐5”
Authors: Hothan S.
Published: July 2010

Auf der 169. Sitzung der Fachkommission Bautechnik am 28.02. und 01.03.2007 in Berlin wurde die Aufnahme von DIN 18800‐5:2007‐03 in die Muster‐Liste der Technischen Baubestimmungen beschlossen. Diese Verbundbaunorm ersetzt die Vornorm DIN V 18800‐5:2004‐11. Als Grundlage für die brandschutztechnische Bemessung und Klassifizierung von Verbundbauteilen wird in DIN 18800‐5:2007‐03 auf die “DIBt‐Richtlinie zur Anwendung von DIN V ENV 1994‐1‐2 in Verbindung mit DIN 18800‐5” verwiesen. Diese Richtlinie ermöglicht anhand von DIN V ENV 1994‐1‐2:1997‐07 in Verbindung mit dem zugehörigen Nationalen Anwendungsdokument (DIN‐Fachbericht 94) die brandschutztechnische Einstufung von Verbundbauteilen, deren Bemessung bei Normaltemperatur nach DIN 18800‐5:2007‐03 durchgeführt wurde.
Sfrp1, Sfrp2, and Sfrp5 regulate the Wnt/β‐catenin and the planar cell polarity pathways during early trunk formation in mouse
Authors: Satoh Wataru , Matsuyama Makoto , Takemura Hiromasa , Aizawa Shinichi , Shimono Akihiko
Published: July 2010

The secreted frizzled‐related protein gene family encodes proteins that regulate Wnt signaling. Msx1 in situ hybridization of 9.5 days post coitus mouse embryos showing normal neural tube development in an Sfrp1; Sfrp2 double mutant (left) but severe neural tube defects in a Looptail (Lp/+); Sfrp1; Sfrp2 triple mutant (right). These findings suggest that Sfrps regulate the Wnt planar cell polarity pathway. See Satoh et al. in this issue.
Pramipexole in the treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome
Authors: Schapira Anthony HV
Published: July 2010

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) was first described by Sir Thomas Willis, an English physician, in London in 1672, but has only recently become recognised as a specific disease entity. Although epidemiological studies suggest that it is one of the most common neurological disorders, awareness of the syndrome remains relatively low among both patients and physicians. As a result, diagnosis can often be delayed, or even missed. What is apparent is that RLS can cause substantial morbidity and that, with symptomatic relief now available, there is an increased need to identify and diagnose those patients who require therapy. This article considers and summarises the evidence for treatment with pramipexole (Mirapexin), recently licensed for use in RLS. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Interface Ltd
Advances in office‐based diagnosis and treatment in laryngology
Authors: Rosen Clark A. , Amin Milan R. , Sulica Lucian , Simpson C. Blake , Merati Albert L. , Courey Mark S. , Johns Michael M. , Postma Gregory N.
Published: July 2010

No abtracts.
Hemerobiiden aus Bulgarien (Neuroptera)
Authors: Popov Alexi
Published: July 2010

Hemerobiidae from Bulgaria (Neuroptera)

New localities for the total of 28 species of Hemerobiidae occurring in Bulgaria are reported. Out of these Hemerobius zernyi is new for the fauna of continental Europe and Wesmaelius fassnidgei, Wesmaelius mortoni, Hemerobius atrifrons, Hemerobius schedli, Hemerobius marginatus, Psectra diptera, and Sympherobius klapaleki are new for the Balkan Peninsula. The finds in Bulgaria offer a major contribution to our knowledge on the distribution of Wesmaelius fassnidgei, Hemerobius schedli, and Hemerobius zernyi as well as of Hemerobius atrifrons and Sympherobius klapaleki; 8 other species have a range further south. Species of northern origin prevail in Bulgarian fauna (71%). Zoogeographically they are oreotundral (with alpine, oreal origin) – 1 species and arboreal – the remaining species, namely: Holarctic – 3, Siberian – 11, Siberian‐Mediterranean – 2, Middle European – 3, Holomediterranean – 7 and Pontomediterranean – 1.
Nonisothermal cocuring behavior and kinetics of epoxy resin/3‐glycidyloxypropyl‐POSS with MeTHPA
Authors: Gao Jungang , Kong Dejuan , Li Shurong
Published: July 2010

3‐Glycidyloxypropyl‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (G‐POSS) was prepared from 3‐glycidyloxypropyl‐trimethoxysilane (GTMS) by hydrolytic condensation. The cocuring behavior and kinetics of G‐POSS with bisphenol‐A epoxy resin (BPAER) using 3‐methyl‐tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MeTHPA) as curing agent were investigated by nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and torsional braid analysis (TBA). The face distribution of silicon in the cured products was characterized by energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (EDS). The results show that the compatibility of G‐POSS with BPAER is very well and can cocure. The curing mechanism was proposed. The relationship of Ea and conversion α can be obtained by the isoconversional method of Kissinger. These curing reactions can be described by the Šesták–Berggren (S–B) equation and can be depicted by the following equation:
$ \font\abc=cmmib10\def\bi#1{\hbox{\abc #1}}{\bi d\alpha \over \bi dt} {=} A\ {\bf exp} (-{E_a \over RT}) {{\alpha}}^m ({\bf 1}-a)^n $. TBA analysis indicated that Tg was decreased when the contents of G‐POSS is over to 30 wt%. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Microstructure and field mapping of AlInN‐based heterostructures and devices
Authors: Zhou Lin , Cullen David A , McCartney Martha R. , Leach Jacob H. , Fan Qian , Morkoç Hadis , Smith David J.
Published: July 2010

The microstructure, composition and electrostatic fields of near‐lattice‐matched Al1‐xInxN/AlN/GaN heterostructures and devices have been characterized using a variety of electron microscopy techniques. A thin parastic Ga‐rich layer was often observed immediately above the AlN spacer and was attributed to GaN nucleation during specimen cooling. Mapping of electrostatic potential profiles across a GaN/Al0.85In0.15N/AlN/ GaN heterostructure using off‐axis electron holography showed polarization‐induced fields of 7.5MV/cm within the AlN layer, and 2.2MV/cm within the Ga‐rich layer. A two‐dimensional electron gas with a density of ∼9.8×1012 cm–2 was observed in the underlying GaN layer located very close to the AlN/GaN interface. Contact inclusions were observed extending into the AlInN and GaN layers along mixed‐type threading dislocations under the source and drain regions of HFET devices. The density and size of the contact inclusions was determined by the annealing temperature (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Content distribution in trail-aware environments
Authors: Silva Jader M. , Rosa João H. , Barbosa Jorge L. V. , Barbosa Débora N. F. , Palazzo Luiz A. M.
Published: July 2010

In mobile computing environments, the tracking of users allows applications to adapt to the contexts visited by users (Context Awareness). In recent years, the use of context information and users’ profiles has been considered an opportunity for context-aware content management. The improvement and the wide adoption of location systems are stimulating the tracking of users, allowing the use of Trails. A trail is the history of the contexts visited by a user during a period. This article proposes a model for trails management and its application in the content management. In this text, we consider that Trail-Aware is an evolution of the simple use of contexts and profiles. The text presents a prototype and its application in an educational environment for distribution of learning objects using trail-aware.
High frequency of childhood ADHD history in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Reyero F. , Ponce G. , Rodriguez-Jimenez R. , Fernandez-Dapica P. , Taboada D. , Martin V. , Navio M. , Jimenez-Arriero M.A. , Hoenicka J. , Palomo T.
Published: July 2010

Fibromyalgia and ADHD share some clinical features, and a reduced dopamine function has been proposed for both disorders. Here we found, in a large sample of fibromyalgia female patients, a higher frequency of childhood ADHD antecedent when compared with healthy women. Our data suggest that Fibromyalgia and ADHD have some common etiopathological mechanism.
Assessing the infrequent oral supplementation of olanzapine long-acting injection in the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: Ascher-Svanum H. , Peng X. , Montgomery W. , Faries D.E. , Lawson A.H. , Witte M.M. , Novick D. , Jemiai N. , Perrin E. , McDonnell D.P.
Published: July 2010

Objective

Adding another antipsychotic to a treatment regimen was previously used in evaluating the medication's efficacy. Supplementation of depot antipsychotics with oral antipsychotics is particularly meaningful because depot formulations are typically chosen for patients struggling with adherence to oral antipsychotics. This post-hoc analysis assessed supplementation of olanzapine long-acting injection (olanzapine-LAI) with oral olanzapine.

Subjects and methods

We used 12 months of data from an open-label, single-arm extension study of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (N = 931) treated with olanzapine-LAI. The prevalence, duration, time to first supplementation, and best predictors of oral supplementation were assessed.

Results

Oral supplementation occurred in 21% of patients for a median of 31 days with mean modal dose of 10.8 mg/day. Mean time to first supplementation was shorter for patients who were at least moderately ill at baseline compared to less ill patients (47 vs. 97 days, p < 0.001). Best predictors of oral supplementation included a more severe illness profile at baseline, lower olanzapine-LAI dose prior to oral supplementation, supervised living arrangements, and being African-American.

Conclusion

Supplementation of olanzapine-LAI appears to be infrequent, of relatively short duration, and reserved for more severely ill patients who may require a targeted rescue medication due to signs of impending relapse.
A prospective, observational study of the safety and effectiveness of intramuscular psychotropic treatment in acutely agitated patients with schizophrenia and bipolar mania
Authors: Perrin E. , Anand E. , Dyachkova Y. , Wagner T. , Frediani S. , Ballerini A. ,   the OBS-IM investigators group
Published: July 2010

This naturalistic, observational pan-European study assessed the safety and early effectiveness of intramuscular (IM) psychotropic treatments in patients with acute agitation suffering from schizophrenia or bipolar mania. One thousand nine hundred and forty of 1945 patients completed the 24-hour observation period after initial IM treatment. Patients from 12 European countries were included (mean age 39 years; 58% male, 66% schizophrenia). IM treatment was at the physician's discretion. The primary objective was to describe the acute tolerability of IM psychotropic therapies in clinical practice, with particular emphasis on EPS. At baseline, 68% of the patients received IM monotherapy, with IM olanzapine most commonly prescribed (36%). During the first 24hours, 190 (9.8%) patients experienced EPS. The occurrence of EPS was statistically significantly lower in patients treated with IM olanzapine compared to those treated with other IM psychotropic medications (mainly typical antipsychotics and benzodiazepines): acute dystonia: 1.1%, 95% CI 0.5–2.3 and 2.9%, CI 2.0–4.0; akathisia: 2.3%, CI 1.3–3.7 and 5.5%, CI 4.3–6.9; Parkinsonism: 2.9%, CI 1.8–4.4 and 7.8%, CI 6.4–9.4, respectively. Anticholinergic treatment was given to 12% IM olanzapine versus 31% non-olanzapine treated patients. Acute agitation after 24hours was reduced by 1.68 (95% CI 1.46–1.91) points on the Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) in IM olanzapine patients and 1.51 (95% CI 1.30–1.73) points in non-olanzapine patients. Additional psychotropic medication was required for 90% of the patients during the first 24hours of treatment. Results provide naturalistic evidence for low EPS rates and improvement of agitation with IM psychotropic medications during acute states of patients suffering from acute mania or schizophrenia.
Firearm Suicides And Availability Of Firearms: The Swiss Experience
Authors: Ajdacic-Gross V. , Killias M. , Hepp U. , Haymoz S. , Bopp M. , Gutzwiller F. , Rössler W.
Published: July 2010

This study aimed to examine the association between the availability of firearms at home, and the proportion of firearm suicides in Switzerland in an ecological analysis. The data series were analysed by canton and yielded a fairly high correlation (Spearman's rho = 0.60). Thus, the association holds also at a sub-national level.