bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CYTOMORPHOLOGY PATTERN ON FNAC AND AFB POSITIVITY IN CASES OF TUBERCULAR LYMPHADENITIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: Ganvir Ruchi , Verma Deepshikha , Bhardwaj Mohit
Published: July 2023

Background- One of the most typical diagnoses at OPDs in a developing nation like India is tuberculous lymphadenitis. Anti-tubercular therapy, however, cannot be started based solely on clinical suspicion. Along with culture, cytomorphology with acid fast staining is an effective tool for diagnosing these cases. The purpose of the study was to examine the usefulness, limits, and relationships between Ziehl-Neelsen staining in tuberculous lymphadenitis and various cytomorphological presentations using ne needle aspiration cytology. At a tertiary care facility, the study was Materials and Methods- carried out over the course of a year with a total of 146 cases. Patients who had lymphadenopathy that was clinically suspected were chosen. There were 36.3% cases of tuberculous Resultlymphadenitis out of which 66.04% cases were overall AFB positive. The most frequent cytological nding was epithelioid cell granulomas with lymphocytes, and cases with granulomas and necrosis had the highest levels of AFB positivity. Most patients rst showed up in their third or fourth decade of life. Solitary lymphadenopathy, as opposed to matted lymph nodes as reported by others, was the most frequent presentation and the cervical area was the most frequently involved site. Fine needle as Conclusion- piration cytology is a highly sensitive method for diagnosing tuberculous lymphadenitis that is inexpensive, safe, and dependable. By adding acid fast staining and culture procedures to cytomorphology, the diagnostic index can be raised even higher. However, FNAC combined with methods like ELISA and PCR would improve the current landscape of diagnostic and therapeutic options
UNCOMMON MANIFESTATIONS OF A COMMON ENDOCRINE DISORDER
Authors: Vishwakarma Jaya , Maheshwari Ankita , Mulye Swati
Published: July 2023

One of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in children is hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism may be due to congenital or acquired causes; the latter is generally referred to as juvenile hypothyroidism (JH). In India, the incidence of congenital 1 hypothyroidism is estimated to be 1:2640 live births , and thyroid dysgenesis is the most common cause. In a hospital-based study of 100 hypothyroid children in a developing country, only 9% were acquired, 2 indicating that acquired hypothyroidism in children is less prevalent. Thyroid hormones are indispensable for fetal and postnatal growth, development, pubertal development and for neuropsychological 3 functioning ; thus explaining deleterious effects on growth, pubertal development, and school performance in children with hypothyroidism. Diagnosis of hypothyroidism in children requires a 4high index of suspicion as it can present as a spectrum of common and uncommon clinical features. We present three cases of a common condition presenting in unusual ways in different age groups.
A RARE CASE OF ANTERIOR CHEST WALL MASS PRESENTING AS STERNAL TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Afreen Summaya , Afreen Hina , Hidayath Hussain Mohammed , Bhavna Srivastav Rj
Published: July 2023

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis constitutes 15-20% of total tuberculosis (TB). Primary tuberculous sternal osteomyelitis is one form of extrapulmonary TB that is exceedingly rare throughout the world and falls under the differential diagnosis for chest wall masses. Afiction of the skeletal system is rare with still rarer presentation of sternal osteomyelitis even in endemic countries.
ASSESSMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS AND DOTS RELATED ATTITUDE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES AMONG INTERNS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JAMMU.
Authors: Khajuria Aakriti , Babber Sunny , K Gupta Ravinder , Jamwal Vinu
Published: July 2023

Background= Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health issue and India has the world's highest tuberculosis burden. There are
still challenges in eld of diagnosis, treatment strategy, social stigma and follow up of TB patients and for this World
Health Organisation (WHO) emphasises on wider sensitization of medical graduates towards National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme
(NTEP) and Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) for the treatment of TB patients. To access TB and DOTS related Objective=
Attitude, Knowledge and Practices among interns in tertiary care hospital. A Method= cross-sectional study was conducted among MBBS
Interns for a period of one year from 15th March'22 to 15th march' 23 in ASCOMS & Hospital using a pre tested, structured questionnaire which
was based on WHO Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Survey and was distributed to all the interns by the principal investigator (Medical
Ofcer I/C DOTS Centre ASCOMS). Out of the total 100 interns, 92 interns responded back with answers. Percentages of data collected were
analysed. Out of the 92 interns, majority of them had average knowledge with a me Result= an score of 77.95 ± 7.23 where maximum interns
(98.91%) had correct knowledge about etiology of tb while only 56.52% of interns had right knowledge regarding selecting the candidates for
tuberculosis prophylactic therapy (TPT). The mean Attitude score was 84.12 ± 10.32 with all interns (100%) having the correct attitude towards
the fact that DOTS effectively treats TB whereas only 66.30% had the right attitude that if drug sensitive case not treated can become a multi drug
resistant (MDR) case. The mean score of the practices was 71.3 ± 16.99 with all interns (100%) following practice of wearing N 95 mask while
examining presumptive TB case while only 53.3% interns followed the right practice of contact tracing. This study concludes that Conclusion=
majority of interns had average overall knowledge of TB, where as an acceptable attitude towards TB and few interns followed adequate
practices. However, some interns lacked knowledge regarding TB prophylactic therapy, MDR cases and contact tracing. Therefore, more effort
should be made to enhance knowledge and attitude by conducing wider sensitization sessions on NTEP during the MBBS course and improve
practices by conducting more training for interns in DOTS centre
DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA IN A CASE OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Authors: Shankar Satpute Yogita , Gynoba Pawar Anita
Published: July 2023

Following fertilization and fallopian tube transit, the
blastocyst normally implants in the endometrial lining of
the uterine cavity. Implantation elsewhere is considered
ectopic.
TRANSFUSION DEPENDENT ANEMIA IN A PATIENT OF SHEEHAN SYNDROME WITH COMPLETE RECOVERY AFTER HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY
Authors: Sharma Vishnu , Bagrodia Vansh , Mahajan Sidharth
Published: July 2023

Sheehan's syndrome is a state of postpartum hypopituitarism due to necrosis of the pituitary gland resulting from massive hemorrhage during or after delivery. Delayed diagnosis of Sheehan's syndrome is commonly seen. Here, we report a case of a female in her late forties, who was brought in by her daughter with complaints of severe weakness, fatigue and inability to carry out her own activities since last 10 years, which had started a few months after her delivery. She had been getting blood transfusions for a long time but no ascertainable cause for her anemia could be found despite many investigations spanning a variety of diagnoses. Transfusion-dependent anemia is a condition usually seen with conditions linked with hematological disorders and sheehan syndrome is an usually unseen cause,but one which should be considered in women with a history of excessive hemorrhage associated with delivery.
WILKIE'S SYNDROME: A RARE CAUSE OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION IN
A PATIENT WITH FEMALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM
Authors: P. Gayathre S. , Mugundhan D. , R. P. Viknesh K.
Published: July 2023

Wilkie's Syndrome, also known as Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS), is a rare clinical entity that presents
with symptoms of upper gastrointestinal obstruction. It occurs due to compression of the third part of the duodenum
between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta. In this article, we discuss the etiology, clinical presentation,
diagnosis, and management of Wilkie's Syndrome. We also explore its association with pseudohermaphroditism and
genetic abnormalities.
CHRONIC FOREIGN BODY CAUSING STRICTURE IN ILEUM
Authors: Nithya Kumar S. , Nedunchezian Prof. CAPT.S. , Chandrasekar G.
Published: July 2023

Swallowing of foreign bodies is most common in children
aged between 6 months and 6 years ,adults is accidental,
although it may be linked to physiological, anatomical,
mechanical, social1 and psychiatric2 factors, Most patients
who see the doctor due to foreign body are asymptomatic.
Initially the physician must observe and be alert to any
alarming signs. Only 1% of the patients that see the doctor
because of foreign body ingestion or related complications
require surgery. Here we present incidental finding of foreign
body in CT imaging associated inflammatory stricture in
ileum.
An Experimental Comparison of Anomaly Detection Methods for Collaborative Robot Manipulators
Authors: Graabæk Søren Goddiksen , Ancker Emil Vincent , Christensen Anders Lyhne , Fugl Andreas Rune
Published: July 2023

See abstract and datasets [10.5281/zenodo.5849300]

There exist a large number of methods that can be used for anomaly detection/fault detection in collaborative robots. However, studies on these methods tend to only focus on a single or a couple of such methods, which can make it challenging to gauge their relative merits in specific robot scenarios. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive comparison of 15 methods for anomaly detection, including methods based on principle component analysis, local outlier factor, and autoencoders. The methods are assessed in a typical pick-and-place application with respect to their capacity to detect a broad range of exogenous anomalies. The results of the study show that several methods perform well, but that their performance profiles differ across the studied anomalies. The results also give an indication of the application characteristics that have the potential to make anomaly detection challenging.
The Proof of P=NP
Authors: Han Yijie
Published: July 2023

We show that the 3-satisfiability problem can be solved in polynomial
time, thereby proving that P=NP.

The result of this paper is derived based on my matrix multiplication
paper titled “An $O(n^2\log^4 n
\log \log n)$ Time Matrix Multiplication
Algorithm” which has appeared in arXiv.org as paper arXiv:1612.04208.
Underactuated Base-to-Distal Hand Exoskeleton for Adaptive grasping Assistance
Authors: Chen Wenyuan
Published: July 2023

Hand exoskeletons are wearable devices that can provide outer kinematic coupling with human hands and thus assist movement of human fingers. However, conventional rigid hand exoskeletons are characterized by their bulky and complex structures, which are often incompatible with human finger joints and restrict finger’s natural motion. This paper reports an underactuated base-to-distal hand exoskeleton that provides adaptive grasping assistance. An underactuated 8-bar base-to-distal linkage driven by a cable is used to flex and extend fingers and it applies force only to the distal phalanges of fingers, which not only makes the hand exoskeleton adapt to different sizes of fingers but also allows all phalanges to naturally accommodate the geometry of the objects to be grasped. The kinematic model of the 8-bar linkage is derived in order to generate desired hand ges-tures. A five-finger hand exoskeleton with active flexion/extension (F/E) for all fingers and active abduction/adduction (Ab/Ad) for the thumb is assembled and then tested on a healthy subject and a stroke survivor. Experimental results show that the hand exoskeleton can generate sufficient fingertip force for regular tasks. The hand exoskeleton enables the healthy participant and the stroke survivor to achieve 90% and 52% of their passive range of F/E motions respectively. In addition, the stroke survivor can accomplish various training tasks, such as grasping, pinching and writing, with the assistance of the hand exoskeleton. These results demonstrate that the underactuated base-to-distal hand exoskeleton can be an effective device for rehabilitation training or daily-life assistance for patients with a hemiparetic hand.
Penetrating the Silence: Data Exfiltration in Maritime and Underwater Scenarios
Authors: Cantelli-Forti Alessandro , Colajanni Michele , Russo Silvio
Published: July 2023

The risk of data exfiltration remains a concern, even when the connectivity of the victim system is limited or the domain is physically isolated. This paper delves into the unique challenges associated with data exfiltration in surface and submarine naval scenarios in the absence of persistent data connections. It explores contexts where attacks through the supply chain can pose a serious risk even if the compromised hardware or software is not connected to any network or even (apparently) switched off. The attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in some components of the supply chain can serve as a conduit for data exfiltration. This study aims to enhance the overall security posture of maritime systems by identifying possible exposures and mitigating the risk of data exfiltration and covered channel attacks. 
Heavy – Fermion Semiconductor Behaviour and Phase Transition of CeCu2Si2 in the Single Site Impurity Anderson Model.
Authors: Enaroseha Omamoke , Igherighe Edwin
Published: July 2023

We investigate the electronic properties of CeCu2Si2 in the low temperature regime using the Exact-Diagonalization technique. This technique allows the study of the physics of strongly correlated electron systems. We show that when the hybridization term in the Single Site Impurity Anderson Model (SIAM) is increased: (1) there is a smooth phase transition from an antiferromagnetic phase to a ferromagnetic phase and (2) there is a semiconductor gap ∆ between the singlet state and triplet states energies as the lattice sites and dimensions is increasing. The basic features of this theory are in qualitative agreement with the experimentally observed heavy-fermion semiconductor of some rare-earth compounds.
Real-Time Mixed-Integer Energy Management Strategy for Multi-Motor Electric Vehicles
Authors: Ganesan Anand , Murgovski Nikolce , Yang Derong , gros sebastien
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a real-time capable energy management strategy for multi-motor electric vehicles, based on mixed-integer model predictive control (MI-MPC). In this strategy, torque allocation and clutch on-off are co-optimized to minimize both the energy consumption and the frequent changes in clutch engagement status. To be able to solve the mixed-integer (MI) problem in real time, we propose a bi-level programming approach in which the torque allocation subproblem is solved at the inner level using an explicit closed-form analytical solution, while the integer decisions are optimized at the outer level using implicit dynamic programming (i-DP). The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can achieve up to 11 % energy savings, depending on the load demand in a driving mission, compared to a rule-based controller typically used in production vehicles. In addition, the proposed approach is guaranteed to find the global optimum for the MI problem in each MPC update. With a mean time to solution of around 4.6 ms, the proposed strategy shows promising real-time capabilities for online implementation in multi-motor electric vehicles.
Lifelong Context Recognition via Online Deep Feature Clustering
Authors: Petrenko Sasha , Brna Andrew , Aguilar-Simon Mario , Wunsch Donald
Published: July 2023

Context recognition for lifelong learning (L2) agents is an open-ended problem whereby aggregate features in an environment are utilized to signal the active context in which the agent is operating. The ability to recognize context is necessary in L2 agents to engage modulatory signals to account for significant changes in the input state space associated with a given context or task, such as altering learning dynamics or shifting attention to more relevant features. Context recognition is itself an L2 problem due to the ever-increasing number of distinct contexts that an agent might encounter, requiring incrementally learning novel contexts while prescribing them to supervised task labels when available. This paper demonstrates an algorithm based on near clustering of deep-extracted features with adaptive resonance theory methods that satisfies these requirements on the behalf of an embodied L2 agent in a computer vision environment. The strength of this algorithm lies in its flexibility, being capable of online incremental learning in supervised, realistic semi-supervised, and unsupervised scenarios while demonstrating continual learning in its own right.
An autoencoder-based deep-learning method for augmenting the sensing capability of piezoelectric MEMS sensors in a fluid-dynamic system
Authors: Kazemzadeh Mohammadrahim , Mehdipour Iman , Vittorio Massimo De , Pisanello Ferruccio
Published: July 2023

In this work, we present a deep-learning architecture to augment the sensing capabilities of a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) for fluid mechanical applications. The MEMS sensor is composed of a polyvinylidene fluoride flexible piezoelectric flag and a bluff body, converting three-dimensional fluid mechanical energy flow into a timedependent voltage signals. The developed deep learning method allows for extracting accurate wind speed and classifying turbulences. The bluff body generates vortexes which are not only the functions of the bluff body’s geometry but also related to the fluid speed. These vortexes induce a mechanical vibration into the attached piezoelectric flag and hence generate charge displacement and an electrical voltage signal. By placing the mentioned setup in a wind tunnel, we excited the structure with various wind speeds while different combinations and geometries of the bluff body and piezoelectric flag were considered. An unsupervised autoencoder was used to extract the continuous manifold in Fourier spectra of time domain voltage generated by the piezoelectric sensor when the wind speed is continuously changed from 0 to 33 meters per second. We found that this manifold is highly correlated with wind speed. By adding another feed-forward network in parallel to the decoder network of the autoencoder we also incorporated the measured wind speed as the data’s label and could successfully use the system to extract the wind speed, despite the sensor was placed under the strong turbulence generated by the bluff body. We also investigated the ability of our deep learning method to classify different bluff bodies from the voltage harvested from the piezoelectric flag, finding that this unique cability is resilient to the wind speed in the range. Such a system can be turned into a system that fingerprints different turbulence and uniquely differs them for various applications.
Experiences of parents of children with intellectual disabilities in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Badu Eric
Published: July 2023

Parents of children with intellectual disabilities could experience difficulties associated with their care. Yet, insight into individual experiences is inadequate to guide effective responses to the needs of parents and their sons and daughters with intellectual disability. This study sought to explore the experiences of parents of children with intellectual disability with the aim of making these experiences visible to guide the design and provision of support services for the parents and their children. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 parents of children with intellectual disability between the ages of 4 and 15 years residing in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to explore themes that describe the experiences of the parents. The study found that parents of intellectually disabled children encounter challenges looking after their children due to the negative perceptions associated with having such children. Financial costs and managing behavioral challenges of intellectually disabled children were also major sources of stressors for parents. Although informal support and assurances from professionals alleviated parental stress and gave them some hope about the future of their children, these support services seem inadequate. A more structured support programme that includes financial empowerment of the parents and recognizes the importance of early detection and intervention practices is needed.
Interprofessional learning issues in postgraduate mental health education
Authors: Stewart Victoria , Crozier Michelle , Wheeler Amanda
Published: July 2023

Interprofessional care within many clinical and community mental health teams in Australia require staff to work collaboratively and outside their traditional scope. Whilst shared decision making and interprofessional collaboration are important approaches in supporting an individual’s recovery journey, working interprofessionally can create issues within teams when determining and defining ways to respond, care and support people with mental illness. The aim of this report is to examine workforce perspectives regarding an interprofessional postgraduate learning approach in mental health practice. Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with eight mental health stakeholders. Findings indicate that practitioner learning needs are dependent on practice setting (i.e. hospital/clinical vs. community) and professional background (i.e. social work, nursing). Learning needs were related to the application of practice frameworks (therapeutic relationship, recovery and professional identity) and the workforce issues for employers (qualifications and skills). Overall interprofessional understanding and collaboration were seen as an essential requirement in ensuring an evidence based response to improve quality of life and economic and social participation for consumers. Tension between professional identities and the need for mental health practitioners to operate successfully within interprofessional contexts provides a challenge for postgraduate higher education providers.
Incapacitated decision making power, over emphasized obedience and its exclusionary effects on children
Authors: Ullah Asad , Shah Mussawar
Published: July 2023

The objective of this paper is limited to determine the exclusionary effects of poor decisionmaking power of children and variation to their effects among children based on their gender, religion, family background and subjective poverty. A total of 500 children (12-18 years) were selected by systematic sampling technique from seven shopping streets and seven high schools of the District Peshawar, and interviewed. Likert scale was used as a measurement tool. Association of variables was ascertained by using Chi-square test and Kendall’s Tau-b tests, at bivariate and multivariate level. At bivariate level relationship of social exclusion was significant and negative with feeling one’s self influential in molding family level decision, having membership of any organization, liberty in choice of sport, liberty in choice of dress/shoes and people listen to child’s views. At multivariate level, the exclusionary effects of poor decision making power among children varied on the basis of their gender (male and female) and religious affiliations (Muslims and non-Muslims). Contrariwise, result of groups based on sufficiency of family income indicated a nonspurious relationship between power of making decision in children and their social exclusion. Likewise, result of groups based on joint and nuclear family affiliation indicated a non-spurious relationship between power of making decision in children and their social exclusion; conversely, single parent family group had a spurious relationship with above two groups. Ensuring child’s constructive social participation at family and community level activities, reintegration of family role in child’s physical, social and psychological care and socialization, and overcoming gender and religion based disparities in the society were some of the policy recommendations in light of the study.
Decade of Inclusive Education in Ghana: perspectives of educators
Authors: Opoku Maxwell Peprah , Agbenyega Joseph , F J , Mprah Wisdom Kwadwo , Mckenzie Judith , Badu Eric
Published: July 2023

Inclusive education systems reflect growing awareness of the imperatives of 21st-century societies to make quality education available to all students. The development of inclusive education in Ghana has been recognized as the process for orchestrating educational quality and equity for students with disabilities. This article contributes to the area of inclusive education from Ghanaian educators on its progress and achievements. The data in this paper emerged from a case study involving educators from two regions in Ghana. Findings show an uncoordinated attempt to pilot inclusive education across the country because of different agencies funding the project. The authors argue that there is the need for a holistic review of the program to ground the policy within the education system of Ghana.
Exploring the Influence of Institutionalisation on Beginning Teachers Thoughts about Inclusive Practices
Authors: Hamilton Carol
Published: July 2023

This article explores the possible influence of past practices of institutionalization on the attitudes and beliefs of groups of beginning teachers who are considering their professional responsibilities in relation to the inclusion of all children with a disability in regular classes in New Zealand. During principal lectures in 2015 and 2016 about social norms, educational inclusion and disability rights, beginning teachers were asked to provide responses to three questions about their knowledge of Tokanui Hospital, a large institution that served the Waikato Region between 1912 and 1997. Two thirds of those who responded, many under the age of 25, indicated no knowledge of the institution. However, one third responded that they knew at least something of Tokanui and how the institution operated. Some included comments about what they knew. These suggest that the legacy of past practices of institutional committal of people with a disability in this country may influence at least some beginning teachers’ beliefs about inclusive practices in ways that may need more consideration within initial teacher training programmers. While more information about this aspect of our history is now available, concerted efforts to find and disseminate a wider range of stories about these experiences are needed.
A Brief Foray into Social Inclusion- what does it mean for professional health practice?
Authors: Briggs Lynne , Harris Paul
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to stimulate debate around the concept of ‘social inclusion’ in the context of working in health care. A perusal of the literature shows the terms social inclusion, social capital and social participation are often used synonymously giving rise to questions as to what these terms actually mean. That is, are they all one and same thing, or are they different concepts, and how do they relate in the professional practice arena? To ensure there are core understandings about these terms initially some definitions of social inclusion and exclusion are offered. Some social issues are also briefly presented to illustrate how social, inclusion or exclusion, policies and practices can impact on individuals, families and communities.
Ili-based Community Organising: An Igorot Indigenous Peoples’ Concept for Grassroots Collaboration
Authors: Adonis Digna L. , Couch Jen
Published: July 2023

The growing demand for participatory community development approaches has greatly influenced the need to involve community people as active partners, rather than passive recipients of programs, projects and services. Participatory approaches operate on the premise that the local people are the ultimate change agents of their own communities and that their culture is an asset to their own development. For Indigenous communities, their Indigenous cultural and knowledge systems serve as tools for sustainable collaboration.This article discusses how the ili-based community organising concept was developed by non-government organisations while working with the Igorot Indigenous Peoples in Northern Philippines. Ili is an Igorot word for ‘home’ or ‘the land of one’s birth’, considered to be the Igorots’ source of identity, belonging and life direction. The ili-based concept uses traditional knowledge, values and practices to facilitate the formation of People Organisations (POs). The concept is part of a wider research project on community development amongst the Igorot Indigenous Peoples of Benguet Province, Philippines.
Belonging, connectedness and social exclusion
Authors: Crisp Beth R
Published: July 2023

Promoting connectedness and/or a sense of belonging are strategies used in addressing social exclusion. While belonging and connectedness are often used interchangeably, this paper demonstrates that while they may be co-existent, it is equally possible to have one without the other. Hence, this paper contends that these two concepts need to be carefully distinguished by those planning and delivering social work services. Furthermore, consideration of both connectedness and belonging enables a more nuanced understanding of social exclusion which challenges the assumption that inclusion and exclusion are binary opposites, and that it is possible to be both included and excluded at the same time.
Exploitation of disability and rehabilitation research participants – resolving to do better
Authors: Amsters Delena
Published: July 2023

N/A
Designing high-density neighbourhoods to promote social health in Australia
Authors: Hall Caitlin , Andrews Fiona
Published: July 2023

Australian urban environments are changing, as increasing numbers of people are moving into high-density dwellings. At the same time solo living is the fastest growing household type in the country. Given the relationship between social isolation, loneliness and health, this literature review aimed to investigate how high-density neighbourhoods can be designed to promote social health in Australia. Using a systematic approach, ten databases were searched for peer-reviewed research, published between 2008-2018, resulting in eleven articles that met the inclusion criteria. The articles were appraised using four evidence-based tools, and the findings suggested four major themes that relate to social health and the design of high-density neighbourhoods; ‘urban form’, ‘public facilities’, ‘third places’ and ‘green space’. Analysis of three national sets of guidelines relating to cities and urban planning revealed an overall absence of consideration of these four design elements in relation to social health. This review therefore recommends that social health considerations be embedded into current national planning policies and guidelines to assist in the development of more socially inclusive, new high-density neighbourhoods in Australia.
Access barriers encountered by persons with mobility disabilities in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Naami Augustina
Published: July 2023

The environment is a critical factor for participation for everyone. The need for accessible transportation and built environment for persons with disabilities to enjoy their basic human rights and fundamental freedoms cannot be overemphasized. This study sought to understand the daily experiences of persons with mobility disabilities with physical and transportation barriers in Accra-Ghana. Photovoice methodology was used to enable participants to tell their stories about access barriers that they encountered daily. A total of 153 pictures remained, out of 431, after the final selection of pictures that best communicated participants’ experiences with accessibility. These pictures were accompanied with 95 narratives corresponding to the content of the pictures as well as the messages that the participants sought to communicate. The pictures were taken from 11 different physical and transportation environments. Evidence from the study demonstrates the existence of barriers in the built environment and transportation, which impact negatively on the psychological and social lives of persons with mobility disabilities. The need for the removal of identified barriers to empower persons with disabilities for sustainable development cannot be overemphasized. The paper therefore, concludes with recommendations targeting the government, social workers, and disability activists about strategies to improve on access to participation for persons with mobility disabilities.
Social inclusion policy: Producing justice or retribution?
Authors: Macfarlane Kym
Published: July 2023

The notion of social inclusion has currently gained extraordinary credence in Australia. Policy incorporating social inclusion abounds across all discipline areas with the federal government for the first time instituting a government portfolio for this area, headed by the Deputy Prime Minister. Such a move indicates the importance of managing aspects of inclusion across all sectors, in a country where diversity abounds. However, this focus on inclusion can prove highly problematic, when it becomes such an integral part of policy formulation and of the assumptions, omissions and contradictions that policy produces. This paper examines how policy discourse produces ways of thinking about inclusion/exclusion. Using three vignettes, the author applies the theories of Michel Foucault to argue that the discursive production of such inclusive policy works to simultaneously exclude by categorising particular types of individuals and families as “proper” participants in society. The author contends that understandings of propriety relating to the inclusion/exclusion binary reinscribe each other, in ways that situate particular citizens outside of possibilities for “success” in social and systemic participation. Such understanding is highlighted by a conceptual examination of the ways in which discursively produced notions of propriety become normalised.
Insights into theorizing social exclusion and inequities: A perspective from the Arab World
Authors: Makhoul Jihad , Taket Ann , Khoury Michael , Kabakian-Khasholian Tamar
Published: July 2023

Objective: To explore the influence of the global structural determinants and theirpathways of action on health disparities and social exclusion, drawing on findings fromresearch with four different population groups in an Arab context. We use a socioecologicalframework to categorise these determinants into levels to allow an in-depthlook into their pathways of action on social exclusion and inequalities.Methods: We use findings from an ethnographic study on Palestinian and Iraqirefugees in Lebanon; a qualitative research study on women’s needs for labour supportin three public hospitals in Egypt, Lebanon and Syria; and counselling experiences withuniversity scholarship recipients in Lebanon. These findings were revisited using asocial exclusion lens.Results: Global forces, such as modernism, inequitable foreign policies of resettlementcountries, over-medicalization of health care, modern educational systems and armedconflicts fueled by global vested interests interact to cause and exacerbate socialexclusion. Palestinian refugees relate their experiences of discrimination in what isperceived to be a hostile society to policies reducing their education and employmentopportunities. Delays in processing resettlement applications of Iraqi refugees and thelack of power over the choice of resettlement countries are a source of reported stressand anxiety. Over-medicalization of maternity care disrupts the traditional ways ofgiving birth surrounded with family through policies and practices restricting labourcompanionship, resulting in the isolation and silencing of women during childbirth.Scholarship students reported inadvertent exclusion from their families, societies andcolleagues. Scrutiny of the findings and re-examination of the data reveals theimportance of global structural determinants in explaining the patterns of exclusionreported for the population groups observed.Conclusion: Expanding the ecological framework of determinants of social exclusion atthe level of wider social/structural determinants is necessary to improve ourunderstanding of social exclusion in impoverished and war affected places around theworld.
Music education as a means to enhance the perceived sense of social inclusion and to empower the young through increased employment in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Rinta Tettey Tiija
Published: July 2023

Uganda has a rich culture in music, with musical skills having traditionally been passed down orally from one generation to the next. In school, music as a subject is featured in the National Curriculum; however, its teaching varies widely from school to school. Yet, due to music playing a vital role in the culture, musical activities take place daily and musicians are regularly needed in events. Engaging in musical activities could potentially empower young Ugandans and help them with feeling socially included in their communities. The current study aimed to investigate whether music education could potentially be used as a tool to empower young people through an enhanced sense of social inclusion. In total, 125 locals in the Eastern part of Uganda participated in the study. In the first phase, 125 participants completed a survey and, in the second phase 30 participants were randomly chosen for in-depth interviews. A mixed-method approach was adapted. The findings provide evidence for a much needed enhanced musical training, consequently providing the young with employable skills. The findings further indicate that being musically active in one’s community can potentially enhance feelings of social inclusion and belonging amongst young Ugandans. In the long term, improved music education in schools could result in increased feelings of belonging and wellbeing amongst the young in rural parts of Uganda.
Social inclusion for women experiencing homelessness
Authors: Richards Jenna , Oudshoorn Abe , Misener Laura
Published: July 2023

Background: People experiencing homelessness have been described as one of the most socially excluded groups (Everett 2009; Labonte, 2004), particularly homeless women (Wesely & Wright, 2005). Exploring the barriers and facilitators to social inclusion for women experiencing homelessness, in addition to their experience of sports, may provide the information required to increase their access to community activities and result in increased inclusion.

Methods: Qualitative thematic analysis was used to explore women’s homelessness, social inclusion, and sports. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with eleven women residing in a shelter. The data were analyzed for themes relating to the research questions.

Findings: Four themes are proposed from the interviews: (a) poverty is exclusion, (b) housing is not (necessarily) a prerequisite for social inclusion, (c) women play sports, and (d) it’s just a piece of paper. These themes represent the barriers and facilitators of social inclusion that the participants experienced, as well as their experiences and interests in sports.

Conclusion: The findings revealed that while women may be interested in sports as an opportunity to experience inclusion, they faced many barriers in accessing sports as a service for people experiencing homelessness. The findings of this study may inform organizational and government policy, and future research. Further intersectional research is needed to understand how gendered experiences of homelessness intersects for Indigenous or racialized persons.
‘On the inside’: Research in partnership with a client reference group
Authors: Lopez Jessica , Lewis Ione , Abello Jan , Beattie Marie , Mapp Deborah , Prior Pat , Wood Glenda
Published: July 2023

This article presents the participation of a client reference group in a qualitative research study which explored clients’ experiences of counselling and natural therapies services in a women’s health centre. The article focuses on the development of working relationships between the reference group and researchers using a capacity building approach which facilitated a two-way exchange of skills, knowledge and experience. This ensured that the views of clients and community members were represented in the research design, thereby increasing its rigour and accountability and fostering social inclusion. Members’ reflections on their journey and the changes they experienced as outcomes of the research process are presented. Ethical issues in working with the reference group are explored. Some members experienced vicarious traumatisation as a result of their exposure to data on domestic violence. This analysis of the use of a reference group and its beneficial impact on research outcomes will be of interest to other researchers looking to work with a client reference or advisory group.
Challenges to social inclusion are being illuminated in the era of social distancing
Authors: Harris Paul , Sawrikar Pooja
Published: July 2023

The year 2020 is like no other. The Covid-19 pandemic spread across the world, and with it shone a spotlight on long entrenched social inequalities and associated differences in our abilities to ‘socially distance’ and prepare for and endure enforced ‘lockdowns’. As Xafis (2020) puts it, those most affected by the pandemic “are individuals and groups routinely disadvantaged by the social injustice created by the misdistribution of power, money, and resources” (p. 1). Differences in health and disability status, ability to access care, occupational status, wealth, education, housing, food security, and cultural background, have all been attributed to differences in coronavirus mortality and morbidity rates (Xafis, 2020).
‘We were already strong’ : Young Refugees, Challenges and Resilience during COVID-19
Authors: Couch Jen
Published: July 2023

This paper is an exploration of refugee young peoples’ narratives about their lives and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Melbourne.  Intersectionality is used as a method and analytical tool to interpret these experiences and show how young people have adapted during this time, taking on roles as navigators, carers, providers, and innovators.The article highlights that the roles young people adopted through the pandemic are very similar to those undertaken by young people in their pre arrival to Australia.The research points to the importance of involving refugee young people in settlement and public health initiatives. Finally, it is argued that we need to recognise refugee young people as experts in their own complex experience, valued partners in settlement, future leadership, and potential change makers.
Assessing Land-use Suitability of Existing Inclusionary Zoning Projects in the Australian Capital Territory
Authors: Zheng Shuangshuang , Sigler Thomas
Published: July 2023

Inclusionary Zoning (IZ) is a land-use planning initiative taken by governments that either mandates or provides voluntary incentives to achieve a proportion of affordable housing in a development project. This research aims to assess the land-use suitability of the current IZ projects in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) by comparing them with IZ land-use suitability study findings. A multi-criteria IZ land-use suitability analysis is conducted first to understand the desirable IZ land features while considering sustainable development objectives. Four criteria are selected, including socioeconomic integration, access to jobs, access to public transport, access to green space, and compliance with zoning rules. Results indicate that relatively low suitability of current IZ. We conclude that the assessed low suitability across different IZ projects is driven by the current market-based affordable housing provision approach, which highly relies on private sectors. Nevertheless, the research recognises the need for improving IZ in the ACT through greater collaboration between state government, the federal government, and the property sector.
Ageing of people with an intellectual disability: Effective training for frontline workers
Authors: McGhee Adrienne , Dorsett Pat
Published: July 2023

While the attainment of late life represents a significant achievement for people with an intellectual disability, increased life expectancy has resulted in growing concerns about the extent to which disability service providers are ready to meet the changing needs of increasing numbers of older people and facilitate their ongoing social inclusion. Training of frontline disability staff is widely accepted as an effective strategy for increasing organisational capacity to contribute to improved quality of life for people with an intellectual disability. The study identifies training needs analyses and ‘ready-to-deliver’ training programs for frontline disability services staff working with adults with an intellectual disability who are ageing, assesses whether the training programs contribute to improved quality of life outcomes for service users, and makes recommendations for future research and development of training for disability services staff who work with older people with intellectual disability.
Not Leaving ‘Lone Migrant Mothers’ Behind: The Role of Place-based Childcare Support in Australia’s Marginalised Neighbourhoods
Authors: Nagaddya Teddy , Stout Brian
Published: July 2023

In Australia, lone migrant mothers remain an invisible social category within the childcare-poverty discourse. There has been an increase in the population of lone mothers migrating to Australia in pursuit of a better economic life, though with no childcare support. Within the public and political spheres, they are homogenised as single mothers incognisant of how gender intersects with factors such as migration status, ethnicity, lone parenting, and class to induce poverty. Childcare support is not only a pillar to societal flourishment and advancement but also a strategy to settlement and integration. This study aimed at examining lone migrant mothers’ experiences with place-based childcare support within one of the marginalised neighbourhoods in the Liverpool LGA. While dominant narratives broadly associate childcare support to women’s labour participation and gender equality, there is limited knowledge on the role of place-based childcare support among lone migrant mothers. Drawing on Sen’s capabilities theoretical framework, the article demonstrates that place-based childcare support is not only a welfare service but a tool for building localism. Consequently, translating into a structure for creating healthy spaces, place-making and community cohesion, and building neighbourhood capacity – aspects considered core to socio-economic inclusion of women who migrate as lone parents.