bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability and dynamics of patriotic attitudes of Russians in the context of Special military operation
Authors: Kuznetsov Igor
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the features of socio-political dispositions characteristic of moderate and convinced types of patriotic attitudes. Additionally, an analysis of the dynamics of changes in the ratio of the shares of both types of patriotism in 2024 in the context of SMO in comparison with the situation in 2020 was carried out. The empirical basis of the study was data from a mass survey of the population of the Russian Federation conducted by the Institute of Sociology of FCTAS in February-March 2024 on a representative all-Russian sample. The sample size is 2000 respondents. For comparison, data from a similar survey in 2020 were used. The criterion for typologizing different variants of patriotism is the quantitative difference in the degree of support for judgments of a civil and protective nature, forming a space of patriotic meanings of emotional, cognitive and behavioral aspects of attitude towards Russia. Based on the results of the analysis of data on the assessment of the degree of agreement with judgments of civil and protective meaning, moderate and convinced types of patriotism were identified, which together make up the system of patriotic attitudes of Russians. An analysis of the interrelationships of each type of patriotism with a wide range of socio-political dispositions has shown that the selected types represent integral symptom complexes of views on the country, its current state and development prospects, significantly differing in their stable trends over time. Such a trend for convinced patriots is a focus on traditionalism, and for moderate patriots – on modernism. A comparison of data on the prevalence of a particular type of patriotism in 2020 with similar data in 2024 allowed us to conclude that if in 2020 the system of patriotic attitudes of Russians was in a stable state with the dominance of modernist trends, then in 2024 there was a “shift” of the entire system of patriotic beliefs to a different quality, but equally stable a state, but already dominated by traditionalist tendencies. In general, it is concluded that the system of patriotic attitudes of Russians is very mobile in terms of activating both civil and protective meanings, which in different socio-political contexts leads either to an increase or decrease in the proportion of supporters of one or another of the studied types in the system as a whole.
Dynamics of Russians’ perception of the situation in various spheres of life: from assessments to requests for social policy
Authors: Sushko Pavel
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the dynamics and specifics of Russians’ assessments of the ongoing changes in various spheres of life. Based on the data of studies conducted by the Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS in different years, it is shown that the most significant improvements have occurred over the past almost two decades in terms of the level and quality of life of the population, as well as education and health care. In particular, the share of positive perception of the situation with unemployment and expansion of opportunities for earning, with the availability of housing and pre-school institutions is growing. “Cautious” positivity is noted with regard to the situation with social justice, living standards, as well as secondary and higher education. However, the dominance of positive assessments is not recorded in any of the spheres. This signals the persistence of separate problems in them, relevant for different groups of the population. Assessments of the situation in the spheres related to collective security deserve special attention, in respect of which a sharp increase in negative assessments is recorded. The groups with relatively homogeneous views on the dynamics of the situation in different spheres of life in society were considered. Among them, Russians with pessimistic and moderately optimistic views of the ongoing changes are approximately equal in number. It has been noted that the key differences between these groups, and, accordingly, their requests for changes in certain spheres, are formed under the influence of factors mainly of a subjective nature. They are related to the perception of their own well-being, the number and nature of problems experienced in the last year, as well as some “we-identities”. In particular, it is shown that the request for qualitative changes for pessimists is formed largely spontaneously and under the effect of the cumulative negative impact of many factors on their lives. Requests for further improvements in key areas of life are more differentiated among moderate optimists and “stability-oriented” part of society.
Urban family with minor children: resources, moral guidelines and social adaptation of working parents. Part two
Authors: Bessokirnaya Galina , Bolshakova Olga , Karakhanova Tatiana
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of studying the daily activities of working parents in the field of caring for minor children and their upbringing. Data from monitoring studies of the daily activities and time budget of urban residents carried out during 1986–2020 were used. The composition of families with children is considered and the resource characteristics of parents are analyzed, which turned out to be very similar for fathers and mothers. The relationship of parents’ time spent on caring for children and their upbringing with parents’ belonging to fathers and mothers, with their age, level of education, religious identity and income level in parents’ families, as well as with some value orientations of fathers and mothers, is investigated. The analysis showed that the objective picture of working parents using time resources for activities with children does not agree with their subjective opinion that “activities with their children, their upbringing is the most important thing in the life of both spouses”. At the same time, most working fathers and mothers are satisfied with the time spent both on caring for children and on their upbringing as time resources. The characteristics of the provision of fathers and mothers with other resources do not affect their satisfaction with time spent. There is a direct relationship between satisfaction with the time spent on raising children and parents’ satisfaction with life in general. An analysis of the moral guidelines of parents, which are the moral basis for the process of socialization of minor children in the family, has shown that more than half of the moral qualities related to virtues are the norm for the vast majority of fathers and to a somewhat lesser extent for mothers. At the same time, there is a tendency to blur parents’ ideas about qualities-v irtues andanti- virtues as a norm and deviation from it. In addition, a trend is emerging in which, judging by estimates, a considerable part of parents do not see a positive life prospect for their children, in terms of their social adaptation, if children in life are guided by the same virtues as the parents themselves. The first part in the article analyzed the composition and resource potential and the use of time resources of parents for child care and upbringing. The second part is about the moral guidelines and the results of social adaptation of working parents. The numbering of tables and figures is continuous in both parts.
EXPERIENCE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF A FRACTURE OF THE DISTAL TIBIA IN CONDITIONS OF AN INCORRECTLY FUSED FRACTURE AND DEFORMATION OF THE PROXIMAL TIBIA
Authors:   Kotovsk City Clinical Hospital, Yamshikov Oleg N. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: December 2024

Fractures of the bones of the lower extremities can occur under any circumstances, including everyday life, especially in age patients, and require urgent treatment. Untimely referral of patients to a medical institution leads to impaired statodynamic function of the limb and creates the risk of refractories. The purpose of this publication is to demonstrate the experience of treating a patient with a fracture of the lower third of the tibia against the background of an irregular fused fracture of the proximal leg bones, as well as to assess the effectiveness of the chosen surgical treatment strategy. Materials and methods . We carried out the search in the open electronic scientific databases PubMed and eLibrary for keywords and phrases: shin bones, osteosynthesis, clinical case. Results . The patient underwent open reduction of the fracture of the lower third of the right tibia and osteosynthesis with a clover leaf plate, after which an osteotomy of the fracture of the proximal part of the bones of the right lower leg was performed with correction of the axis of the limb and osseous fixation. Analyzing the results of surgical treatment in the described clinical case, we can conclude that the method of osseous osteosynthesis is highly effective in post-traumatic deformation of the limb. Conclusion . For highly effective treatment of fractures and deformations of the bones of the lower leg, it is imperative to accurately compare the fragments and ensure complete immobilization of the damaged areas with subsequent complex therapy. Treatment with the method of submerged osseous osteosynthesis with a titanium plate and screws is effective and helps to restore the support function of the limb.
ULTRASOUND-GUIDED CATHETERIZATION OF CENTRAL VEINS
Authors:   Ministry of Health of the Tambov Region, Yunkova Ekaterina S.
Published: December 2024

The widespread introduction of ultrasound diagnostics into the clinical practice of medical institutions, the emergence of new ultrasound diagnostic devices of the middle and high class allowed doctors without direct relation to ultrasound diagnostics to use sonoscopy in interventional treatment methods. Before the era of ultrasound in medicine doctors performed vascular central access, the injection of a local anesthetic to nerve trunks and plexuses always “blindly” according to anatomical landmarks, which complications associated with mechanical exposure to the puncture needle (pneumothorax, injury to blood vessels and nerves) accompanied. Thanks to ultrasound assistance for catheterization of central veins online, it became possible to accurately locate the desired vessel and other anatomical structures, as well as constantly monitor the position of the needle as it moves towards the vessel and its cannulation. This technology avoids mechanical needle damage to vessels, pleura, lung and nerves with a needle, making it safe and effective. Healthcare managers, anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians are faced with the task of mastering ultrasound-guided interventional methods and their widespread introduction into clinical practice in all hospitals. The education of doctors in the field of ultrasound diagnostics and navigation and their initiative and desire to master ultrasound-guided interventional methods are of great importance.
MULTIPLE PREGNANCY, FEATURES OF ANESTHETIC SUPPORT DURING SURGICAL DELIVERY. CLINICAL DEMONSTRATION
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Zakurnaeva Elena I. ,   Dolgushin City Clinical Hospital no. 3, Marchenko Alexander P. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University; Kotovsk City Clinical Hospital, Pominova Irina V. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University; Tambov Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.D. Babenko
Published: December 2024

Recently, there has been an increase in cases of multiple pregnancies in our country, which also corresponds to the global trend. In this connection, the problem of anesthesia and the treatment of complicated multiple pregnancies is becoming more and more urgent. Successful prolongation of pregnancy during multiple births and timely delivery avoids adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes and contributes to the birth of healthy babies. The article provides a clinical demonstration of anesthesia, intensive care and rehabilitation in a patient with a multiple pregnancy during operative delivery. The purpose of the study : to describe and analyze the features of anesthesia during surgical delivery of multiple pregnancies.

Materials and methods. We carried out the search in the open electronic scientific databases PubMed and eLibrary. We obtained the results using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment of Derzhavin Tambov State University.

Results. A patient with trichoric triamniotic triplets and first fetal presentation was admitted for operative delivery. A decision was made on early delivery and epidural anesthesia. At the end of the operation, the patient's condition was assessed as follows: clear consciousness, independent breathing, satisfactory muscle tone. The patient was transferred from the intensive care unit on the 4th day of the postoperative period.

Conclusion. The use of an anesthetic aid in the form of neuroaxial (epidural) anesthesia made it possible to safely perform surgical delivery of multiple pregnancies with trichoric triamnoitic triplets.
METHODS OF RADIATION DIAGNOSTICS IN DISEASES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Emelyanova Natalia V. ,   Tambov Regional Oncology Clinical Dispensary, Khazov Leonid A. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Chumakov Roman V. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: December 2024

We devoted this article to an overview of the possibilities of diagnosing diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in modern radiology. Diagnosis and confirmation of diseases bases on the use of a radiation research method, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. Today, the possibilities of the method of radiation diagnostics for gastrointestinal diseases have expanded significantly due to the evolution of high technologies. But with all the advantages of advanced research methods, the basic ways of detecting pathology do not lose their relevance. The research purpose is to assess the current state of the issue of radiation diagnostics of gastrointestinal diseases. Materials and methods . We carried out the search in the PubMed electronic scientific database and the database of the Russian scientific electronic library eLibrary for keywords and phrases: radiography, fluoroscopy, gastrointestinal computed tomography, gastrointestinal magnetic resonance imaging, gastrointestinal ultrasound. Results . Various methods of radiation diagnostics have their advantages and disadvantages. Radiography is one of the most accessible diagnostic methods, but tissue density limits the accuracy of the study. Fluoroscopy has the possibility of polypositional examination using a contrast agent, but can be limited in the accuracy of the results, has a high radiation load, requires trained personnel, and requires high qualifications for image interpretation. Magnetic resonance imaging is dynamically developing thanks to the use of artificial intelligence, which improves three-dimensional image visualization, has high diagnostic accuracy, but requires highly technological equipment. Computed tomography has a high radiation load and requires complex equipment, but is indispensable in urgent cases. Ultrasound does not pose a risk to the patient's health, but may be limited in its use for imaging the structure of parenchymal organs. Conclusion . The vector of development of modern radiation diagnostics creates all the conditions for the natural development and active growth of the possibilities of diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Fisika Terintegrasi Local Wisdom Wonosobo Pada Materi Suhu Dan Kalor Untuk Mengatasi Miskonsepsi Siswa
Authors: Nurjannah Farah Afika
Published: December 2024

This study aims to: (1) Determine the validity level of the Wonosobo local wisdom integrated learning module so that it is suitable for use to overcome students' misconceptions. (2) Knowing the level of practicality of Wonosobo local wisdom integrated learning modules to overcome students' misconceptions. (3) Knowing the level of effectiveness of the Wonosobo local wisdom integrated learning module to overcome students' misconceptions. The subjects in this study were 20 students of SMA Takhassus Al Qur'an class XI MIPA 5. Research uses the R & D method with the Borg & Gall development model. The data analysis technique used is quantitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the development of this learning module show that the results of the validity of the material obtain an average score of 3.39 on a scale of 4 or 85.1% while the results of the validity of the media obtain an average score of 3.69 on a scale of 4 or 93.35% so that the developed module this is included in the valid category. The results of the analysis produce t count > from t table where t count is under the acceptance area of ​​Ha. The results of an increase of 0.4 or 8% increase is not enough, but it is effective enough to overcome misconceptions. The results of the student assessment obtained an average score of 14.7 or 90.7% so that it is in the very practical category.
It Keeps Seeing You
Authors: Davidova Eva
Published: December 2024

In It Keeps Seeing You, red and black interlinked virtual scenes are composed from drawings acting as portals, photographs and 3D scans by Eva Davidova. Inspired by a poem by Zhivka Baltadzhieva, and sound by Matthew D. Gantt.
Introduction: Blanket Forts and Other Assemblages
Authors: Lichtman Daniel , Alvarez Catalina Jordan , Huang Sue , Tusman Lee
Published: December 2024

An introduction to Blanket Forts and Other Assemblages, a special issue of Hyperrhiz.
ЛИВАРНІ ТА МЕХАНІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ВИСОКОЕНТРОПІЙНОГО СПЛАВУ Al-Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe
Authors: Верховлюк А.М. , Лютий Р.В. , Матковський Д.Ю.
Published: December 2024

Високоентропійні сплави (ВЕС) – це новий клас матеріалів із багатокомпонентним складом, що характеризуються високою ентропією змішування та унікальними властивостями. У статті досліджено сплав системи Al-Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe, отриманий ливарними методами. Вивчено його фазовий склад, термічні перетворення, механічні та ливарні властивості. Сплав демонструє високу міцність (450–550 МПа), твердість (320–340 НВ), задовільну пластичність (2 % видовження) і добру рідкотекучість. Отримані результати вказують на перспективність застосування ВЕС у виробництві конструкційних матеріалів.
Model Evaluasi Kurikulum Sekolah Pra-Nikah Berbasis Digital Terintegrasi Kesetaraan Gender Perspektif Filosofi Timur
Authors: Josua Dian Pertiwi , Nuridayanti  , Anan Sutrisna  , Yeti Supriyati  , Awaludin Tjalla  , Soeprijanto
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi model kurikulum Sekolah Pra-Nikah berbasis digital yang mengintegrasikan nilai kesetaraan gender dalam perspektif filsafat Timur. Pendekatan campuran dengan desain eksplanatori sekuensial digunakan untuk mengukur efektivitas kurikulum melalui indikator CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product). Data kuantitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif-inferensial, sementara data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan teknik tematik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum memiliki tingkat relevansi tinggi dengan kebutuhan generasi milenial, dengan skor rata-rata dimensi Context sebesar 4,25 (85%), Input sebesar 4,00 (80%), Process sebesar 3,90 (78%), dan Product sebesar 4,10 (82%). Materi terkait seksualitas memperoleh pemahaman tertinggi (95%), diikuti pengelolaan konflik (90%), dan pengambilan keputusan (85%). Hasil kualitatif menunjukkan peserta merasa kurikulum mampu mengubah perspektif tradisional patriarki menjadi lebih inklusif. Pendekatan ini efektif dalam mengintegrasikan prinsip budaya Timur melalui pembelajaran digital. Kontribusi penelitian mencakup pengembangan teori desain kurikulum inovatif dan pendidikan pranikah berbasis digital yang relevan dengan dinamika sosial modern.
Integrasi Teknologi Dalam Evaluasi Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Syarif Jamal , Huda Nuril , Hermina Dina
Published: December 2024

This study examines the role of technology, such as e-assessment, online platforms, and big data, in supporting the evaluation process in Islamic education in the digital era. Using a systematic literature review method, the research identifies key challenges, including digital gaps and resource limitations in schools and madrasas. The findings reveal that e-assessment and online platforms enhance evaluation efficiency and accessibility, while big data analysis provides in-depth insights into students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor development. However, significant challenges persist, particularly in aligning these technologies with Islamic educational principles and addressing digital disparities. To overcome these obstacles, the study proposes solutions, such as capacity-building programs for educators, developing inclusive technology infrastructure, and creating guidelines to ensure Islamic values are embedded in evaluation practices. This research contributes to advancing Islamic education by integrating technology while maintaining its spiritual and ethical dimensions.
Assessing a Semi-Empirical Model Performance to Predict the Wetting Patterns in Subsurface Drip Irrigation
Authors: Zamani Saeid , Nafchi Rouhollah Fatahi , Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh , Provenzano Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Due to the complexity of soil water distribution, proposed models in the literature can not provide accurate predictions of wetting patterns beneath Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) laterals. In this study, a semi-empirical model using easily accessible data of the SDI system and soil hydrodynamic properties is proposed to predict the wetting patterns in both distribution and redistribution phases. The aforementioned model has been developed based on a novel approach that integrates the governing equations of lateral hydraulics with empirical equations obtained through dimensional analysis. To develop the model and evaluate its performance, three 16-mm drip line pipes with 0.2, 0.4, and 0.5 m emitter spacing, and 2–5 l/h discharge were placed at 0.20 m depth in a soil box filled with clay loam soil. Water was applied for 3 hours at 50, 100, and 150 kPa operating pressures, and the wetting pattern’s geometries were measured in each lateral after 1, 2, 3, and 24 h. Subsequently, the model’s performance was assessed and compared with that of three other models. RMSE, MAE, NSE and RSR statistical indexes of the wetting depth were 0.001–0.002 m, 0.004–0.009 m, 0.816–0.961 and 0.195–0.429, respectively, whereas those associated with the wetting width were 0.001–0.003 m, 0.005–0.016 m, 0.632–0.959 and 0.202–0.607, respectively. These values yielded the lowest error when compared with the corresponding obtained from other well-known models. Consequently, our specialized model was successful in wetting pattern prediction beneath the lateral as a line source.
Effect of heterogeneity due to inappropriate tillage on water advance and recession in furrow irrigation
Authors: Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh , Raeisi-Vanani Hamid
Published: December 2024

In surface irrigation, uniformity of longitudinal slope and depth of tillage are very important factors in advance duration time. Inappropriate tillage and land preparation can cause uneven surfaces and non-uniform slopes in fields which is especially important in furrow irrigation due to their influence on advance times. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of non-uniform longitudinal slope due to inappropriate tillage on advance and recession phases in furrow irrigation system, which plays an important role in irrigation uniformity and application efficiency. For this purpose 12 furrows, each 42 m long were made with different longitudinal slopes and a width of 0.6 meter. The number of irrigation was 5 with irrigation interval of 4 days and input discharge of 0.8 lit/s. Results showed that advance times are very different in furrows especially in the first irrigation and varied from 19min up to 50min. The values for recession time were 9 to 29 min. The results of these five irrigation events indicate that non-uniform slope has significant effect on advance and recession time. Therefore with attention to the water crisis and the need to increase efficiency and uniformity of water distribution in surface irrigation, using modern machinery and paying more attention to accurate preparation of land are necessary in order to obtain uniform furrows in fields.
Clinicopathologic and metabolic variables from 18F-FDG PET/CT in the prediction of recurrence pattern in stage I-III non-small-cell lung cancer after curative surgery.
Authors: Jimenez-Londoño German Andres , Pérez-Beteta Julian , Amo-Salas Mariano , Honguero-Martinez Antonio F , Pérez-García Victor M , Lucas Cristina Lucas , Castrejón Angel M Soriano , Vicente Ana M García
Published: December 2024

Aim.
This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathologic and metabolic parameters derived from staging 18F-FDG PET/CT that can predict recurrence patterns in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after curative surgery.
Material and methods.
Retrospective study including stage I-III NSCLC patients with a baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT scan. Relapse patterns were analyzed based on location, lesion and organ-specific recurrence. Clinicopathologic variables were recorded. Three distinct categories of variables were obtained: standardized uptake value (SUV)-based metrics, heterogeneity parameters, and morphological features. The relation of relapse patterns with clinicopathologic and metabolic parameters was analyzed using the uni-multivariate logistic regression.
Results
Out of 173 patients, 104 experienced recurrences, with 66% presenting distant involvement and 56.7% exhibiting polymetastatic disease at initial recurrence. Patient age, pathologic lymphovascular invasion and normalized SUVmax perimeter distance (nSPD) were considered as risk factors for early recurrence. Adenocarcinoma histology was identified as an independent variable for distant recurrence. Patient age, number of metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes at staging (nN), sphericity, normalized SUVpeak to centroid distance (nSCD), entropy, low gray-level run emphasis, and high gray-level run emphasis were independent variables for polymetastatic disease. Certain variables were correlated with organ-speciﬁc recurrence. Bone recurrence was related to nN and SUVmean. Brain recurrence was related to adenocarcinoma histology. Lung recurrence was associated with coefficient of variation and nSPD.
Conclusion:
The metabolic profile of lung primary tumors obtained from 18F-FDG PET/CT seems to be predictive of recurrence patterns that are closely linked to the overall survival of NSCLC patients. These findings could help in the development of personalized follow-up strategies based on an individual's recurrence pattern.
What Is the Preferred Management of Lower Ureteral Stones? SWL or URS - A Critical Evaluation With an Emphasis on the Changes in Patient’s Quality of Life
Authors: ERDOĞAN¹ Erhan , AŞIK Alper , YAŞAR Hikmet , SARICA Göksu , SARICA¹ Kemal , Erdoğan Erhan
Published: December 2024

Aim
To compare the efficacy and safety of two treatment methods for lower ureteral stones: shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopic treatment (URS), with a focus on the impact on patients' quality of life.
Patients and Methods:
A total of 174 patients with solitary radiopaque lower ureteral stones (5–10 mm) between July 2023 and October 2024 were treated with SWL (78 patients) or URS (96 patients). Stone-free (SF) status was evaluated at 3 months using Non-Contrast Computed Tomography (NCCT). Data included age, gender, stone size, and post-procedural analgesic requirement. Quality of life was measured using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) index.
Results
Although SF rates were higher in the URS group (96.9% vs. 84.6%), comparable SF rates for stones < 10 mm and symptom-free status during long-term follow-up suggest that SWL remains a valuable alternative. Additionally, 96.2% of patients expressed willingness to choose SWL again, highlighting patient satisfaction. SWL produced similar results to URS in physical functioning and general health, but URS showed better outcomes in pain and emotional well-being, possibly due to residual stone fragments.
Conclusions
SWL offers advantages such as shorter recovery times, reduced need for pain medication, and no requirement for general anesthesia, making it a preferred option for patients seeking non-invasive treatment. Both methods showed similar outcomes in quality of life, particularly in physical functioning and general health, demonstrating that SWL is an effective non-invasive treatment for lower ureteric stones.
Relationship Between Klotho, Neurotrophic Factors (Bdnf, Ngf, Gdnf) and Cognitive Functions in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Çelebi Zeynep , Yazici Esra , Erdoğan Derya Güzel , Davutoglu Onur , Yazıcı Ahmet Bulent
Published: December 2024

Background
Klotho and neurotrophic factors (BDNF, GDNF, NGF) are shown have role in cognitive functions but these molecules has not been investigated in bipolar disorder simultaneously to assess the interactions among these molecules and their relationship with cognitive functions. This study investigates the relationship between cognitive functions, klotho, and neurotrophic factors in patients with bipolar disorder in remission period.
Methods
Male, bipolar disorder dignosed patients (patient group, n = 48) in remission period and healthy volunteers (control group, n = 48) were included to the study. Stroop test and Wechsler Memory Scale – Visual Production Subtest was applied and Klotho, BDNF, GDNF, NGF serum levels were identified by ELISA reader.
Results
The klotho protein level (0,12 ± 0,15 and 0,17 ± 0,16) and NGF level (34,36 ± 41,99 and 48,54 ± 41,06) in the patient group were significantly lower compared to the control group (Z=-3.071, p = 0.002 and Z=-2.217, p = 0.027, respectively). In the patient group, there was a positive correlation between klotho and NGF levels (p = 0.003, rs=0.413) and a negative correlation was between NGF and GDNF levels (p = 0.013, rs=-0.355). Klotho and NGF were predictors of Weshler 40 minute test(Adjusted R2 = 0.467) and Klotho and BDNF were predictos of Stroop test colour word reading time (Adjusted R2 = 0.391)with other variables.
Conclusion
In BD, klotho, BDNF, GDNF and NGF are associated with cognitive functions and exhibit different characteristics from the control group. Nevertheless, the differences related to these molecules seem to be associated with a regulation system rather than merely indicating an increase or decrease in serum levels.
Crystalline phases induced in amorphous TiO2 matrix by crown ethers
Authors: Aragon Patricia Vergara , Flores Miriam Estrada , Fonseca Monica Rosalia Jaime
Published: December 2024

An amorphous titania matrix was synthesized using a Sol-gel method at room temperature. A slight crystallization, without a previous calcination process, was produced by adding the crown ethers 12C4, 15C5, and 18C6 during the synthesis of the amorphous TiO2. The presence of anatase and rutile nanocrystals was detected by high-resolution transmission electron (HRTEM) microscopy and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The objective of the present work is to study the crystallization effect of the amorphous TiO2 synthesized by the sol-gel method by adding three crown ethers: 12C4, 15C5, and 18C6. Crystallization was detected and analyzed by IR, UV-Vis, and HRTEM. In all samples containing crown ethers, a slight crystallization without heat treatments was detected. The importance of this method of nanoparticle synthesis using crown ether, lies in the one-step synthesis of crystalline samples by sol-gel method without any additional treatments, and its potential use as an antibacterial agent, and multiple uses in the medical area, especially as a drug carrier encapsulated dopamine 15C5 may be used as a longer alternative treatment for patients with depression or Parkinson's disease. The characteristics of 15C5 crown ethers (e.g., their flexible and twisted geometry) probably affect its complexation ratio. In the area of ​​materials science, excellent interactions would be achieved between the synthesized material and the functionalized agents, giving rise to countless applications as batteries, solar cells, adsorbent materials, capacitors and catalysts.
An observational study of pleiotropy and penetrance of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with CAG-repeat expansion of ATXN2
Authors: Cooper-Knock Johnathan , Demaegd Koen , Kernan Aoife , Vugt Joke van , Harvey Calum , Moll Tobias , O'Brien David , Gornall Sarah , Drury Luke , Farhan Sali , Dion Patrick , Rouleau Guy , Western Andrea , Parsons Paul , Mclean Benjamin , Benatar Michael , Berg Leonard van den , Damme Philip Van , Dankbaar Jan Willem , Hendrikse Jeroen , Koole Wouter , de Bie Charlotte , Hobson Esther , Veldink Jan , de Warenburg Bart van , Pasterkamp R Jeroen , Rheenen Wouter van , Kirby Janine , Shaw Pamela , Es Michael van
Published: December 2024

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are both associated with a CAG-repeat expansion in ATXN2 and with TDP-43-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions. The two disorders have been viewed as distinct entities, where an intermediate length expansion of 31–33 CAG-repeats is associated with sporadic ALS and a full length expansion of ≧ 34 CAG-repeats is associated with SCA2. We report the clinical phenotype of ATXN2-positive patients and their relatives, identified in three specialist ALS clinics, which force a reconsideration of this dichotomy. We also report the frequency of ATXN2 expansions in two large cohorts of ALS patients and in a population-matched cohort of controls. We report ten cases of familial ALS in which disease is associated with either an intermediate or a full-length ATXN2 CAG-repeat expansion. Pedigrees and patients feature additional phenotypes including parkinsonism, dementia and essential tremor (ET). We conclude that CAG-repeat expansions in ATXN2 exhibit pleiotropy and are associated with a disease spectrum that includes ALS, SCA2, and parkinsonism; to recognise this complexity we propose the new term ‘ATXN2 spectrum disorder’. We also observed sporadic ALS associated with full-length expansions. We conclude that ATXN2 CAG-repeat expansions, irrespective of length, should be considered a risk factor for both familial and sporadic ALS. Interrupted CAG-repeats were not perfectly aligned with an ALS phenotype in our data. Our findings have relevance for researchers, patients and families linked to CAG-repeat expansions in ATXN2.
A comparison of short-term outcomes of total laparoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted, and open total gastrectomies for patients with advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Xiaopeng , Yuan Jia , Li Ziyang , Mei Xianghuang , Huang Guoqiang , Ji Gang , Liu Gang , Guo Xin , Song Yanyang , Wei Jiangpeng
Published: December 2024

Objective
To evaluate the short-term safety and efficacy of total laparoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted, and open total gastrectomies for patients with gastric cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.
Methods
This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect clinical data from 289 patients who underwent total radical gastrectomy after neoadjuvant therapy at six centers. The patients were divided into three groups according to the surgical method they received: total laparoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted, and open groups. The general baseline data, intraoperative and postoperative conditions, postoperative histopathological results, and related complications of the three groups were compared.
Results
The total laparoscopic group had a longer operation time and more intraoperative blood loss than the laparoscopic-assisted and open groups. However, the first postoperative bowel movement, first postoperative defecation, first postoperative meal, and removal of the postoperative drainage tube occurred earlier, and the total number of lymph node dissections was higher in total laparoscopic group. The intraoperative blood transfusion rate, postoperative intensive care unit admission rate, maximum tumor diameter, positive lymph node dissection number, TNM staging, and hospitalization time did not differ significantly among the three groups, nor did the total incidence of postoperative complications, Clavien-Dindo classification, and 30- and 90-day readmission rates (all p > 0.05).
Conclusion
For patients with gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy, there is no significant difference in overall safety and short-term effectiveness among the three surgical methods employed. Although total laparoscopic total gastrectomy has a longer operation time, it has the advantages of faster postoperative recovery and earlier food intake.
Frailty Indices in Genitourinary Prosthetic Surgeries: An ACS-NSQIP Cohort Analysis
Authors: Ghaffar Umar , Abbasi Behzad , Hakam Nizar , Fernandez Adrian , Carlisle Marvin , Pearce Robert , Patel Hiren , Li Kevin , Venishetty Nikit , Breyer Benjamin
Published: December 2024

Objectives To evaluate the association between frailty and surgical outcomes using frailty indices and to assess tool performance. Genitourinary prosthetics, including artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), urethral sling, and penile prosthesis, are standard therapeutic interventions but are susceptible to complications. These procedures are often performed on older, frail patients, necessitating a deeper understanding of the relationship between frailty and postoperative morbidity Methods We utilized data from the NSQIP database (2011-2020) to identify patients undergoing urologic prosthetic procedures, including artificial urinary sphincter, sling, and penile prosthesis. Frailty was assessed using the modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5), the Risk Analysis Index (RAI-A) and ASA Class. Primary outcomes focused on 30-day postoperative morbidity, with secondary outcomes including mortality, length of stay, discharge disposition, readmissions, and reoperations. Logistic and linear regression models were constructed, adjusting for relevant clinical variables, and ROC curve plotted to compare the predictive abilities of mFI-5, RAI-A, and ASA classification.
Results We identified 4,734 patients who underwent AUS, sling, or penile prosthesis surgeries. Frailty, as measured by RAI-A (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.59-2.65, p<0.001) and ASA Class (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.19-2.01, p=0.001), was significantly associated with postoperative morbidity, while mFI-5 was not. Cardiovascular complications and discharge to continued care were associated with all tools. ROC curve analysis showed that RAI-A had significantly greater predictive ability for postoperative morbidity than mFI-5 (p=0.023).
Conclusions RAI-A and ASA are more effective than the mFI-5 in predicting postoperative morbidity, mortality, and other adverse outcomes in patients undergoing urologic prosthetic surgeries.
Factors Associated with Clinically Significant Extrinsic Compression on Gastroduodenal Endoscopy
Authors: Yoon Jin Young , Bae Jin Kyung , Park Su Bee , Park Jae Jun , Jeon Jung Won , Cha Jae Myung
Published: December 2024

Background
Although clinicians frequently encounter incidentally detected gastroduodenal extrinsic compressive lesion (GDECL) on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE), optimal management approach for GDECL has not been fully established. This study aimed to stratify and identify important factors associated with clinically significant GDECLs that require regular follow-up or further treatment.
Methods
Between June 2011 and December 2015, a total of 73 patients with suspected GDECL on UGE at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong were identified and studied retrospectively. After the final diagnosis, patients were divided into the following two groups: clinically significant GDECL, which requires regular follow-up or further treatment, and clinically non-significant GDECL.
Results
Among 73 GDECLs, 23 (31.5%) lesions were classified as clinically significant GDECLs and 50 (68.5%) as clinically non-significant GDECLs. Clinical and endoscopic parameters that were associated with clinically significant GDECLs included older age (≥ 60 years) (odds ratio [OR] = 7.73, p < 0.05), large size (≥ 4 cm) of extrinsic compression (OR = 7.77, p < 0.05), previous history of intra-abdominal malignancy (OR = 17.55, p < 0.05), and symptoms of abdominal distension (OR = 51.34, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Several clinical and endoscopic parameters showed significant association with the development of clinically significant GDECLs on endoscopy. These predictive factors might be useful in determining whether to perform further diagnostic work-up in patients with GDECLs.
Diagnostic performance of serum mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer as a fibrosis biomarker in non-obese and obese patients with MASLD
Authors: Ananchuensook Prooksa , Moonlisarn Kamonchanok , Boonkaew Bootsakorn , Bunchorntavakul Chalermarat , Tangkijvanich Pisit
Published: December 2024

Aim
Serum mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) is a new biomarker for liver fibrosis. However, its performance in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), particularly in obese patients, remains to be explored.
Methods
This study evaluated the role of M2BPGi in predicting liver fibrosis in 205 patients with MASLD using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a reference. The performance of M2BPGi was compared to vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), FIB-4, APRI, and NFS. The PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and HSD17B13 polymorphisms were assessed by allelic discrimination assays.
Results
The area under the ROC curves for VCTE, M2BPGi FIB-4, APRI, and NFS in differentiating significant fibrosis were 0.95 (95% CI; 0.91–0.98), 0.85 (0.79–0.92), 0.81 (0.74–0.89), 0.79 (0.71–0.87) and 0.80 (0.72–0.87) (all P < 0.001), respectively. The optimal cut-off values of M2BPGi in predicting significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis were 0.82, 0.95, and 1.23 cut-off index (COI), yielding satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy. The performance of M2BPGi was consistent among subgroups according to BMI, while the AUROCs of FIB-4, APRI, and NFS were remarkably declined in patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Patients with the PNPLA3 GG genotype had significantly higher M2BPGi than those with the CC/CG genotypes. In multivariate analysis, the independent factors associated with significant liver fibrosis were VCTE, M2BPGi, and PNPLA3 rs738409.
Conclusion
Our data demonstrated that serum M2BPGi accurately assessed liver fibrosis across different BMI, indicating that this biomarker could apply to non-obese and obese patients with MASLD in clinical settings.
High Resolution Reverse-Offset Printed Wearable Textile Capacitive Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Dai Huanghao , Todorov Alexandar R. , Yong Sheng , Torah Russel , Ardern-Jones Michael , Beeby Steve
Published: December 2024

Reverse-offset printing (ROP) is an emerging approach for achieving microscale patterns, particularly in the development of electronic devices on flexible substrates, such as interdigital capacitive (IDC) sensors. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin condition affecting millions globally, with prevalence rates ranging from 15–30% in children and 2–10% in adults. It leads to significant skin dryness and irritation, making effective diagnosis and treatment crucial. Accurate monitoring can help optimize clinical management and improve patient outcomes. IDC sensors fabricated on textiles offer a promising solution for comfortable user-friendly continuous monitoring and quantification of AD. A key requirement for this application is controlling the depth of the electromagnetic field produced by the sensor, defined by the IDC electrode gaps, to be the most sensitive to the stratum corneum (SC) layer of the skin. IDC gaps of 30 to 50 µm would result in a field depth within the SC but these small gaps are difficult to achieve using standard screen-printing techniques. Using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1 and reverse-offset printing (ROP) techniques, this paper examines how variations in feature sizes and encapsulation layer thicknesses impact the sensor’s performance. The simulations modelled the electric field distribution and capacitance changes in response to different skin hydration levels, represented by varying the relative permittivity of the SC layer, and the influence of the encapsulation layer. Simulation results have been validated by IDC sensors fabricated with a range of feature sizes and encapsulation layer thicknesses. The results indicated that encapsulation layers with thickness below 10 µm for a sensor with finger width and finger gap of 50 µm improves the reliability and consistency of the sensor’s performance and minimises the reduction in monitoring sensitivity. This study highlights the critical balance between encapsulation thickness and sensor performance, offering valuable insights for the design of reliable and effective IDC sensors for skin hydration monitoring. The findings pave the way for further advancements in wearable skin sensors, enhancing their application in personalized healthcare and dermatological diagnostics.
Development of an Automated Method for In-House Production of Sodium 18F-fluoride for Injection: Process Validation as a Step Toward Routine Clinical Application
Authors: Lazareva Marija Atanasova , Chochevska Maja , Kolevska Katerina , Velickovska Maja , Jolevski Filip , Apostolova Paulina , Ugrinska Ana , Janevik-Ivanovska Emilija
Published: December 2024

Background
Sodium 18F-fluoride for injection can be easily cyclotron-produced and purified, as a simple inorganic salt, by adsorption/desorption onto an anion-exchange cartridge and then dispensed for clinical use. Since the clinical demand for this radiopharmaceutical is constantly increasing, this study aimed to design and develop a simple, fully automated method for the in-house, rapid, and efficient processing and dispensing of injectable solutions of Sodium 18F-fluoride without the need of a synthesis module and disposable kit, but using only the dispensing unit.
Results
A new simple method for the efficient routine production of injectable solutions of [18F]NaF was developed through a straightforward modification of the commercial dispenser Clio (Comecer S.p.A., Italy) and without the need of a synthesis module. The full production, processing and dispensing of [18F]NaF were entirely carried out on the same batch using only the dispensing module. Process validation was carried according to GMP guidelines to ensure consistency of [18F]NaF quality with international standards. The final radiopharmaceutical met all quality criteria specified by Ph. Eur. and chemical, radionuclidic and radiochemical impurities were significantly below the required limits..
Conclusion
A new simple and reliable procedure developed for the preparation and dispensing of injectable [18F]NaF in less than 10 minutes with a radiochemical yield > 97% (decay corrected) has been successfully developed. Notably, the proposed method also allows the preparation of [18F]NaF using the residual fluorine-18 activity remaining after a [18F]FDG production run, thus making it immediately accessible to patients for further PET imaging investigations.
Kew words:
GMP Production, [18F]NaF, cost-effective method, residual activity, validation.