bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying Distinct Neural Features between the Initial and Corrective Phases of Precise Reaching Using AutoLFADS
Authors: Lee Wei-Hsien , Karpowicz Brianna M. , Pandarinath Chethan , Rouse Adam G.
Published: March 2024

Many initial movements require subsequent corrective movements, but how the motor cortex transitions to make corrections and how similar the encoding is to initial movements is unclear. In our study, we explored how the brain's motor cortex signals both initial and corrective movements during a precision reaching task. We recorded a large population of neurons from two male rhesus macaques across multiple sessions to examine the neural firing rates during not only initial movements but also subsequent corrective movements. AutoLFADS, an autoencoder-based deep-learning model, was applied to provide a clearer picture of neurons’ activity on individual corrective movements across sessions. Decoding of reach velocity generalized poorly from initial to corrective submovements. Unlike initial movements, it was challenging to predict the velocity of corrective movements using traditional linear methods in a single, global neural space. We identified several locations in the neural space where corrective submovements originated after the initial reaches, signifying firing rates different than the baseline before initial movements. To improve corrective movement decoding, we demonstrate that a state-dependent decoder incorporating the population firing rates at the initiation of correction improved performance, highlighting the diverse neural features of corrective movements. In summary, we show neural differences between initial and corrective submovements and how the neural activity encodes specific combinations of velocity and position. These findings are inconsistent with assumptions that neural correlations with kinematic features are global and independent, emphasizing that traditional methods often fall short in describing these diverse neural processes for online corrective movements.
Encoding Manual Dexterity through Modulation of Intrinsic α Band Connectivity
Authors: Maddaluno Ottavia , Della Penna Stefania , Pizzuti Alessandra , Spezialetti Matteo , Corbetta Maurizio , de Pasquale Francesco , Betti Viviana
Published: March 2024

The human hand possesses both consolidated motor skills and remarkable flexibility in adapting to ongoing task demands. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the brain balances stability and flexibility remain unknown. In the absence of external input or behavior, spontaneous (intrinsic) brain connectivity is thought to represent a prior of stored memories. In this study, we investigated how manual dexterity modulates spontaneous functional connectivity in the motor cortex during hand movement. Using magnetoencephalography, in 47 human participants (both sexes), we examined connectivity modulations in the α and β frequency bands at rest and during two motor tasks (i.e., finger tapping or toe squeezing). The flexibility and stability of such modulations allowed us to identify two groups of participants with different levels of performance (high and low performers) on the nine-hole peg test, a test of manual dexterity. In the α band, participants with higher manual dexterity showed distributed decreases of connectivity, specifically in the motor cortex, increased segregation, and reduced nodal centrality. Participants with lower manual dexterity showed an opposite pattern. Notably, these patterns from the brain to behavior are mirrored by results from behavior to the brain. Indeed, when participants were divided using the median split of the dexterity score, we found the same connectivity patterns. In summary, this experiment shows that a long-term motor skill—manual dexterity—influences the way the motor systems respond during movements.
Calibrating Bayesian decoders of neural spiking activity
Authors: Wei(魏赣超) Ganchao , Tajik Mansouri(زینب تاجیک منصوری) Zeinab , Wang(王晓婧) Xiaojing , Stevenson Ian H.
Published: March 2024

Accurately decoding external variables from observations of neural activity is a major challenge in systems neuroscience. Bayesian decoders, that provide probabilistic estimates, are some of the most widely used. Here we show how, in many common settings, the probabilistic predictions made by traditional Bayesian decoders are overconfident. That is, the estimates for the decoded stimulus or movement variables are more certain than they should be. We then show how Bayesian decoding with latent variables, taking account of low-dimensional shared variability in the observations, can improve calibration, although additional correction for overconfidence is still needed. Using data from males, we examine: 1) decoding the direction of grating stimuli from spike recordings in primary visual cortex in monkeys, 2) decoding movement direction from recordings in primary motor cortex in monkeys, 3) decoding natural images from multi-region recordings in mice, and 4) decoding position from hippocampal recordings in rats. For each setting we characterize the overconfidence, and we describe a possible method to correct miscalibration post-hoc. Properly calibrated Bayesian decoders may alter theoretical results on probabilistic population coding and lead to brain machine interfaces that more accurately reflect confidence levels when identifying external variables.

Significance StatementBayesian decoding is a statistical technique for making probabilistic predictions about external stimuli or movements based on recordings of neural activity. These predictions may be useful for robust brain machine interfaces or for understanding perceptual or behavioral confidence. However, the probabilities produced by these models do not always match the observed outcomes. Just as a weather forecast predicting a 50% chance of rain may not accurately correspond to an outcome of rain 50% of the time, Bayesian decoders of neural activity can be miscalibrated as well. Here we identify and measure miscalibration of Bayesian decoders for neural spiking activity in a range of experimental settings. We compare multiple statistical models and demonstrate how overconfidence can be corrected.
Maternal and child health service disruptions due to COVID-19: A WHO health-care worker exposure response and outcomes survey in western Kenya
Authors: Sila Joseph , Odhiambo Ben , Abuna Felix , Ngumbau Nancy , Gómez Laurén , Oketch George , Sifuna Enock , John-Stewart Grace , Kinuthia John , Wagner Anjuli D. , Dettinger Julia C.
Published: March 2024

Background: COVID-19 has disrupted health-care services delivery globally. Limited data exists about personal protective equipment (PPE) availability for health-care workers (HCW) and perceptions of COVID-19 service disruption in low-resource settings. Methods: We used the Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) Registry Protective Equipment Survey to assess PPE availability and reuse. HCW reported perceptions of client volume changes and time spent on various activities using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from large decreases to large increases. Results: Of the 99 HCW enrolled who completed the HERO survey, 32% were nurses, 21% clinical officers, 16% facility in-charges, among others. Forty percent worked in both maternal and child health and family planning clinics and HCW had an average of 5.3 years (interquartile range: 3.5–10.4) providing care to peripartum women. HCW reported problems procuring multiple forms of PPE, including respiratory masks (71%), face shield/googles (60%), gowns (58%), surgical masks (54%), hand sanitizer (45%), disinfecting products (43%), gloves (40%), and soap (31%). Re-use of N95/KN95 masks was common with 56% of HCW reporting reusing a single mask when attending to all patients and 2% reporting having sufficient masks to use one per patient. HCW reported reduced volume of women seeking services due to COVID-19; nearly two-thirds reported decreases in antenatal (62%) and postnatal clients (66%), as well as decreases in the number of pregnant and postpartum women initiating or continuing pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention (60% and 57%, respectively). HCW reported changes in how their time was spent; 79% spent more time disinfecting spaces between clients and 49% reported increases in responsibilities related to providing psychosocial care. Conclusions: HCW reported a dual burden of PPE shortages and client psychosocial needs, limiting their own protection and adding to workload during the pandemic.
THE EXPERIENCES OF YOUTHS WHO LEFT CHILD AND YOUTH CARE CENTRES OF THE EKURHULENI METRO MUNICIPALITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Zingwe Fadzaishe Bridget , Lekganyane Maditobane Robert
Published: March 2024

Leaving a familiar environment can be daunting. Although previous studies investigated the experiences of youths who left care centres, few considered those who left during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this exploratory qualitative research study, we purposively recruited 12 African youths aged between 18 and 23, with least two years’ experience of life in the care centres of Ekurhuleni Metro Municipality to investigate their experiences when they left suchcentres during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data were collected through individual semistructured interviews, analysed according to Akinyonde and Khan’s thematic analysis method, and verified using Guba and Lincoln’s strategies. The findings revealed experiences that were clustered into three themes: preparing to leave, reflecting on life at the centre, and transiting from care during Covid-19. The recommendations proposed include the need to facilitate exitstrategies for these youths, clear follow-up plans to support them, and collaboration of practitioners in the field of child and youth care. Keywords: child and youth care centre, Covid-19, experiences, social work, youths
PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL WORK ASSOCIATIONS IN AFRICA: A MIRROR OF HARSH REALITIES OR BEACONS OF HOPE?
Authors: Engelbrecht Lambert K , Jongman Kgomotso
Published: March 2024

Professional social work associations offer opportunities to network with other social work professionals, provide access to training opportunities for professional development, and form part of a representative voice for the social work profession. In this editorial of the 60th volume of Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, we raise awareness of the Association of Schools of Social Work in Africa (ASSWA) and Social Work Month. Specifically, we reflect on whether professional associations of social workers should mirror scepticism, merely acknowledge existing realities, or foster positive endeavours for the future.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA DIORAMA KEBENCANAAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MITIGASI BENCANA ABRASI BAGI MASYARAKAT DI PANTAI NGEBUM KECAMATAN KALIWUNGU KABUPATEN KENDAL
Authors: Tjahjono Heri , Avonta Riza Arnellia
Published: March 2024

Abrasi memiliki dampak negatif bagi keadaan lingkungan, untuk mengurangi dampak abrasi masyarakat memerlukan pendidikan. Pendidikan mitigasi bencana perlu diberikan kepada masyarakat, guna upaya untuk meminimalisir risiko dan dampak bencana. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat di Pantai Ngebum, menganalisis efektivitas media diorama kebencanaan sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana abrasi di Pantai Ngebum Kecamatan Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kendal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Adanya peningkatan pengetahuan setelah diberikan pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan media diorama kebencanaan sebesar 23,31%. Penilaian masyarakat mengenai efektivitas media diorama kebencanaan diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 78% masuk kedalam kategori tinggi.Kata Kunci : Media, Diorama Kebencanaan, Mitigasi Bencana, Abrasi.
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN SISWA TERHADAP MITIGASI BENCANA BANJIR DI SMA NEGERI 2 ASERA KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: - Nasarudin - , Sirad La Ode
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keingintahuan mengenai tingkat pengetahaun siswa  terhadap mitigasi  bencana  banjir di SMA  Negeri 2 Asera Kabupaten Konawe Utara sehingga pada saat terjadi bencana banjir dapat meminimalisir dampak dan risiko yang diakibatkan bencana banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan siswa SMA Negeri  2  Asera  terhadap  bencana  banjir.  Penelitian  ini  menggunakan metode penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sumber data adalah data primer yaitu siswa  SMA  Negeri 2 Asera dengan sampel 99 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan  siswa   terhadap  bencana  banjir  untuk 9 parameter sebagai berikut : parameter  arti, tanda-tanda, pemicu atau sebab, pencegahan bencana banjir dengan persentase berturut-turut 84,04%; 82,72%; 89,09%; 86,67%. Pembuatan saluran drainase dengan persentase 83,43%. Kewaspadaan, pengurangan risiko, evakuasi dan pelatihan tentang kewaspadaan  bencana banjir dengan persentase berturut-turut 83,33%; 84,14%; 81,01%; dan 84,34%. Sehingga pengetahuan  siswa   terhadap  bencana  banjir  di  SMA  Negeri 2  Asera dikategorikan sangat baik dengan persentase secara  keseluruhan 84,42%.
PENGETAHUAN PENAMBANG PASIR DESA KALIURANG KECAMATAN SRUMBUNG KABUPATEN MAGELANG MENGENAI ANCAMAN LAHAR DINGIN DI KALI BEBENG GUNUNG MERAPI
Authors: Meiniyah Fatimah Nur , Suharini Erni
Published: March 2024

The threat of cold lava from Mount Merapi is a secondary hazard causing an increasing impact on the number of casualties. Knowledge of sand miners is the key to success in anticipating the threat of cold lava disaster. So that the sand miners are able to respond and determine the appropriate action based on the knowledge they have. The purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge of sand miners regarding the threat of cold lava in Bebeng River. The population in this study was taken using a total sampling technique with a sample of 63 respondents in the category of traditional sand miners and modern sand miners who live in Kaliurang Village. The results show that the knowledge of sand miners is included in the fairly good category with a knowledge index value of 72%. Based on the comparison of the categories of miners, it is known that modern sand miners have a 6% higher value than modern miners. Knowledge of distance, signs and causes of cold lahar threats has higher results than knowledge of triggers of lahar threats and elements of cold lahar threats. Experience, place of residence and participation in disaster organizations greatly affect the knowledge of sand miners regarding the threat of cold lava
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA NEGERI 12 SEMARANG
Authors: Puteri Gitsha Savera , Sriyanto Sriyanto
Published: March 2024

Pembelajaran e-learning merupakan pembelajaran yang diberlakukan oleh seluruh instansi pendidikan di Indonesia pada masa darurat pandemi COVID-19 termasuk di SMA Negeri 12 Semarang. Pembelajaran e-learning di SMA Negeri 12 Semarang yang digunakan adalah aplikasi “SIMPeL 12” atau Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pembelajaran SMA Negeri 12 Semarang, dilakukan secara jarak jauh memicu perubahan hasil belajar, termasuk hasil belajar afektif yaitu motivasi belajar peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pembelajaran e-learning geografi masa pandemi COVID-19 di SMA Negeri 12 Semarang, menganalisis motivasi belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran, menganalisis pengaruh pembelajaran e-learning terhadap motivasi belajar mata pelajaran geografi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di SMA Negeri 12 Semarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah statistik deksriptif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, dan kuesioner. Selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran e-learning geografi masa pandemi COVID-19 di SMA Negeri 12 Semarang memiliki kriteria kurang dengan persentase 51%, motivasi belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran tergolong rendah dengan persentase 59%, pembelajaran e-learning berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik.
Pengaruh Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga Sirkuler Terhadap Tingkat Pendidikan Anak di Desa Turirejo Kecamatan Demak
Authors: Geografi Nabilla , Budi Nursidiq Wahid Akhsin , Hardati Puji , Hayati Rahma
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran spasial aliran mobilitas sirkulasi dari Desa Turirejo, mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi dan pendidikan keluarga sirkuler, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mendasari melakukan mobilitas sirkulasi dan  rendahnya tingkat pendidikan sebagian keluarga sirkuler, serta menganalisis pengaruh kondisi sosial ekonomi keluarga sirkuler terhadap tingkat pendidikan Anak. Populasi penelitian adalah kepala keluarga di Desa Turirejo yang melakukan mobilitas sirkulasi. Sampel penelitian adalah kepala keluarga sirkuler berstatus aktif maupun tidak aktif sebanyak 83 KK, menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis spasial, statistik deskriptif dan regresi linier sederhana.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa Pulau Kalimantan menjadi tempat yang dominan, kondisi sosial kepala keluarga sirkuler tergolong masih rendah tetapi kondisi ekonomi tergolong tinggi, faktor internal yaitu kecilnya kesempatan mendapatkan pekerjaan dan rendahnya pendapatan di daerah asal serta faktor eksternal terjadi karena ketertarikan dengan tempat tujuan mobilitas yang dianggap dapat memberikan keuntungan, dan berdasarkan hasil uji regresi diketahui kondisi sosial ekonomi keluarga berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pendidikan anak.

Abstract

This study aims to map the spatial distribution of circulation mobility flows from Turirejo Village, to know the socio-economic conditions and education of circular families, to identify the factors underlying circulation mobility and the low level of education of some circular families, and to analyze the influence of the socio-economic conditions of circular families on the level of education of circular families. Children's education. The research population is the head of the family in Turirejo Village who performs circulation mobility. The research sample was the head of circular families with active or inactive status as many as 83 families, using purposive sampling technique. Methods of data collection using interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used spatial analysis, descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the island of Borneo became the dominant place, the social condition of the head of a circular family was still low but the economic condition was high, internal factors were the small opportunity to get a job and low income in the area of ​​origin and external factors occurred because of interest in the mobility destination. considered to be profitable, and based on the results of the regression test, it is known that the socio-economic conditions of the family have a positive effect on the level of education of children.
Tingkat Kesadaran Masyarakat Terhadap Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup Di Desa Gondang Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Anisah Siti , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Suharini Erni , Findayani Aprillia
Published: March 2024

Desa Gondang terletak di lereng barat Gunung Ungaran. Penduduk desa ini mayoritas bermata pencaharian sebagai petani karena sebagian besar lahannya merupakan lahan pertanian, sehingga kebutuhan hidup masyarakatnya mayoritas berasal dari pertanian. Luas total lahan pertanian di Desa Gondang yaitu 89.790 Ha (2016), sedangkan luas lahan pertanian pada tahun 2022 yaitu 76.704 Ha. Terjadinya penurunan tersebut dikarenakan adanya perubahan penggunaan lahan untuk permukiman dan pariwisata, sehingga berakibat pada kelestarian lingkungan hidup dan menurunnya hasil pertanian di Desa Gondang. Sejak adanya perubahan penggunaan lahan, maka desa melakukan upaya-upaya untuk melestarikan lingkungan hidupnya dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Desa Nomor 05 Tahun 2015 yang berisi penanaman pohon, membersihkan saluran mata air, dan menjaga lingkungan sekitar tempat tinggal. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1).Menganalisis kesadaran masyarakat Desa Gondang terhadap pelestarian lingkungan hidup, 2).Menganalisis upaya yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Gondang sebagai tindakan pelestarian lingkungan hidup, 3).Menganalisis hubungan antara kesadaran masyarakat dengan upaya pelestarian lingkungan hidup.

Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif, dilaksanakan di Desa Gondang Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal dengan populasi berjumlah 636 KK. Penentuan jumlah sampel yaitu 10% dari total populasi. Untuk memperoleh sampel perdusun dilakukan secara proporsional, sehingga jumlah sampelnya yaitu 64 KK dengan teknik sampling yaitu purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan yaitu instrumen tes, kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi rank spearman.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase rata-rata dari kesadaran yaitu 55% (sedang) karena mayoritas respondennya adalah tamatan SMP, berusia 30-54 tahun, dan bekerja sebagai petani. Upaya pelestarian lingkungan hidup yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat yaitu mengimplementasikan Peraturan Desa Nomor 05 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup. Hubungan antara kesadaran masyarakat dengan upaya pelestarian lingkungan hidup yaitu determinisme lingkungan hidup, karena masyarakat berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan hidupnya.

Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kesadaran terhadap pelestarian lingkungan hidup yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat Desa Gondang merupakan hasil dari pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku atau tindakan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakatnya. Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu meskipun Peraturan Desa Nomor 05 Tahun 2015 telah diterapkan dengan baik, namun perlu dilakukan sosialisasi secara continue agar masyarakat selalu mengingat dan mematuhi perdes yang ada.
Literasi Ekologi Masyarakat Terhadap Konservasi Mata Air Senjoyo di Desa Tegalwaton Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Pitayati Ayu , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Setyowati Dewi Liesnoor , Nugraha Satya Budi
Published: March 2024

Pitayati, Ayu. 2022, Community Ecological Literacy on Senjoyo Spring Conservation in Tegalwaton Village, Semarang Regency. Geography Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang. Advisor, Dr. Hariyanto, M.Si.

Keywords: Ecological Literacy, Conservation, Senjoyo Springs

Senjoyo Spring is one of the springs in Semarang Regency. Senjoyo Springs have a very important role. The various uses do not rule out the possibility of impacts on the sustainability of the existing ecosystems in the Senjoyo Springs Area. The condition of Senjoyo Springs is currently maintained and sustainable, but there are still some ecological problems such as there is still a lot of garbage found and the unavailability of waste water treatment before it is released. Research objectives 1.) to find out the efforts made by the Tegalwaton Village community for water conservation 2.) to analyze ecological literacy of the community's efforts to conserve Senjoyo Springs.

The location of this research is in Jubug Hamlet, Tegalwaton Village, Semarang Regency. The variables of this study are ecological literacy and conservation efforts. The population used in this study were heads of families in Jubug Hamlet with a total sample of 69 heads of families. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling technique. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, questionnaires, tests and documentation. Quantitative descriptive analysis technique and crosstab analysis technique (cross tabulation).

The results of this study indicate that the community's conservation efforts for Senjoyo Springs are also at very high criteria. Efforts made by the Tegalwaton Village community are by forming the POKDARWIS organization, carrying out reforestation, cleaning the spring area, not cutting down trees in the spring area, utilizing the flow of water from the spring for washing, bathing and not throwing garbage in the Senjoyo Spring area. Community ecological literacy consisting of environmental knowledge, attitudes towards the environment, cognitive skills and pro-environmental behavior is at very high criteria. When connected with the level of education, it is directly proportional to the level of public awareness, the higher the knowledge a person has, the more awareness a person has in protecting the environment from damage. Apart from the educational factor, this spring is a vital spring for the community, so that the community is aware of the importance of maintaining the existence of Senjoyo Spring.

The advice given to the community and stakeholders is to continue to increase conservation efforts for the Senjoyo Springs by preserving local wisdom (dawuhan ceremony) for the younger generation, reforestation, not cutting down trees, not throwing garbage into the Senjoyo Springs area and conducting socialization to all levels of society. regarding the conservation of Senjoyo Springs.
Pengaruh Tingkat Literasi Ekologi Terhadap Kepedulian Lingkungan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Primaditya Syahrul Januar , Kurniawan Edi
Published: March 2024

Literasi ekologi merupakan aktivitas memahami pentingnya menjaga dan memelihara kelestarian lingkungan. Dampak perubahan iklim yang semakin hari semakin parah menjadikan literasi ekologi menjadi salah satu upaya dalam mencegah dampak perubahan iklim. Dengan memiliki literasi ekologi, seseorang menjadi memiliki kesadaran dalam bersikap terhadap lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis tingkat literasi ekologi mahasiswa geografi tentang perubahan iklim, menganalisis sikap kepedulian lingkungan mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi Universitas Negeri Semarang, menganalisis pengaruh tingkat literasi ekologi mahasiswa geografi tentang perubahan terhadap kepedulian lingkungan Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan lokasi penelitian terletak di Universitas Negeri Semarang, dengan populasi mahasiswa pendidikan geografi aktif angkatan 2019, 2020, 2021, dan 2022. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data berupa deskriptif kuantitatif dan Teknik analisis data regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu untuk menganalisis perbedaan Tingkat Literasi Ekologi terhadap Kepedulian Lingkungan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi berdasarkan persebaran Provinsi. Tingkat literasi ekologi mahasiswa pendidikan geografi memiliki nilai rata-rata 80,40. Hasil ini termasuk kedalam kategori yang baik. kemudian sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa pendidikan geografi memiliki nilai rata-rata 72,83. Hasil tersebut termasuk kedalam kategori yang baik. Dari hasil tersebut tentunya ada beberapa pengaruh yang menyebabkan mahasiswa pendidikan geografi memiliki hasil tersebut seperti pendidikan yang sudah bagus, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, faktor kebiasaan sejak kecil dan faktor interaksi terhadap alam. Berdasarkan uji analisis regresi sederhana, pengaruh tingkat literasi ekologi terhadap kepedulian lingkungan memiliki hasil yang signifikan dan berpengaruh 61,4%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut memiliki kecenderungan tingkat literasi ekologi mahasiswa pendidikan geografi lebih tinggi daripada sikap kepedulian lingkungan yang dilakukan mahasiswa pendidikan geografi universitas negeri semarang Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini tingkat literasi ekologi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kepedulian lingkungan mahasiswa pendidikan geografi. Harapannya Universitas Negeri Semarang mampu meningkatkan lagi pendidikan lingkungan dan lebih berfokus kepada interaksi mahasiswa kepada lingkungan. sehingga mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan literasi ekologi dan memiliki sikap kepedulian lingkungan.
The Rationality of Weber's Actions and Changes in Community Behavior (Case Study of Behavior Change in the Arrangement of the Benoyo Spring Area)
Authors: Turnip Firda Tesalonika , Susanti Antik Tri , Sahainenia Royke Roberth
Published: March 2024

Before the City without Slums Program (Kotaku) arrangement and its community by the Department of Housing and Settlement, the Benoyo spring area was not well-preserved and poorly maintained. This study aims to discover what induced the behavior changes after implementing Kotaku. The researcher found it interesting as changing behavior is not something that could be easily accomplished. This research was conducted at the Benoyo spring in Ngentak Kutowinangun Lor Salatiga using qualitative methods with descriptive research. The results of this study reaffirm Max Weber’s statement that change can occur because it is based on value rationality. The value given in the Kotaku program is commensurate with the values already existing in society. It is synonymous with when Max Weber explained the growth of capitalism in Germany as the ethical values of Protestant religion (inner-worldly). The old (traditional) rationality has been replaced by value rationality, followed by objective and instrument rationality. This research thus shows the importance of value rationality in changing behavior.
Process, Integration, and Impact of Digital Public Service Policy Innovation on Public Sector Organizations
Authors: Sururi Ahmad , Hasanah Budi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to discuss the innovation of digital public service policies based on the process, integration, and impact on public sector organizations, namely village governments. The research locus was Kubang Jaya Village, Serang Regency. This research applied a qualitative case study approach. Data collection technique was interviews with eight informants consisting of units in village government officials and the community. Data analysis was carried out by proposing patterns, categories, and themes from the bottom up (inductive). The results point out that digital public service policy innovations in Kubang Jaya Village Government have been running quite effectively, especially in service policy innovation that is proven to have specific impacts. However, in the context of its integration, it is still not fully effective due to the community's inadequate response in accepting service changes, the low level of education, and the lack of public knowledge about technology. These findings encourage higher public participation in committing digital service innovations and adaptive policy to respond to citizens' low digital literacy.
Energy Transition Policy Analysis in Indonesia
Authors: Adiputro Arif , Martini Rina
Published: March 2024

This article aims to identify several aspects of the problem in Indonesian energy supply, describe the energy transition policy as a solution to overcome the problems, and study the energy transition in several other countries, especially in Asia, to be used as an example in formulating the right energy transition policy for this country. This problem is focused on the pattern of energy supply in Indonesia and why the energy transition policy has not been optimal. This study used the theoretical reference from Donald S. Van Meter and Carl E. Van Horn: policy target standards, resources, communication between organizations and strengthening activities, characteristics of implementing agents, and social, economic, and political conditions. The data used are studies in the form of reports, papers, or articles in a mass media news column. To encourage the energy transition policy, it is necessary to have a Renewable Energy Subsidy. The analysis was conducted qualitatively. This study's results show that the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia needs to finalize the regulations that are being drafted, namely the New and Renewable Energy Bill, which is then translated into the vision of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources into an integrated policy framework to overcome obstacles to the development of Renewable Energy. Renewable energy subsidies are needed to encourage energy transition policy to reduce the electricity bills generated from Renewable Energy technology.
Implementation of STAD Cooperative Learning to Improve Activeness and Learning Outcomes of Class VII B Students at SMPN 22 Semarang
Authors: Lestari Supeni Dwi
Published: March 2024

This study is classroom action research, proposing to reveal the possibility of Student Teams -Achievement Division (STAD) to improve the activeness and learning outcomes of Class VII B Students at SMPN 22 Semarang on Social Sciences. It was carried out in two cycles and involved 32 students of Class VIII-B from the second semester of the academic year 2021/2022. Data were collected using observation of students' activeness, as well as posttests of the cycle I and cycle II. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average percentage of student activity increased from 56.72% pre-cycle to 67.66% in cycle I and to 78.28% in cycle II. Student learning outcomes also experienced an increase in pre-cycle average scores from 71.56 to 76.25 in cycle I and 85.88 in cycle II. Students who completed the study were 13 students (40.63%) in the pre-cycle, 22 students (68.75%) in cycle I, and 30 students (93.75%) in cycle II. Based on the research results, the STAD model can improve learning outcomes and the activity of class VIII-B students of SMPN 22 Semarang through cooperative learning.
Implementation of Parking Retribution Policy: Increasing Original Regional Income in Baolan District, Tolitoli Regency
Authors: Lestari Ayu , Nur’aini Andi , Arsyad Daniati Hi
Published: March 2024

This research aims to implement the parking retribution policy to increase Regional Original Income in the Susumbolan Market, Baolan District, and Tolitoli Regency, which still needs improvement. The problem is due to the need for more facilities for parking attendants, such as vests usually used in parking attendants, ID cards, whistles, and hats. This research aims to know how to implement a parking retribution policy to increase local revenue (PAD) in the Susumbolan market. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The informants in this study were eight people, namely UPTD Pasar Susumbolan, the Market Coordinator, the Parking Attendant, and the people of the Baolan District. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews, and documentation. The research results regarding the Implementation of Parking Retribution Policies in Increasing Regional Original Income (PAD) in the Susumbolan Market, Baolan District, and Tolitoli Regency using the theory of policy implementation proposed by 0045 Edward III have not run optimally. 1. communication went well; in the implementation of the parking, levy briefings were carried out almost every Monday so that the parking attendants understood their responsibilities. 2. Human resources are adequate but still inadequate from the dimensions of facility resources. Because parking attendants lack parking facilities such as vests, whistles, and ID cards, this refers to the payment for parking services. 3. The bureaucratic structure has been running well because it has standard operating procedures SOPs such as technical instructions on the process flow and work procedures for implementing parking retribution policies. 4. The disposition and attitude of the parking attendants have supported the implementation of the parking retribution policy in the supplementary market. It can be seen from the parking attendants who have carried out all stages in implementing the Parking Retribution Policy, such as pursuing the annual targets determined by the region and serving the community well.
Pattern and Consequences of Examination Malpractice Among in School Adolescents in Kwara State: Study of Teacher’s Perception
Authors: Bolu-Steve Foluke Nike , Elizabeth Uyanne , David Kayode
Published: March 2024

This study examined the teachers’ perceptions of the pattern and consequences of examination malpractice among in-school adolescents in Kwara State. The descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. In each of the Senatorial districts in Kwara State, one hundred respondents took part in this study. Thus, a total of three hundred teachers participated in the study. A simple random technique was used in selecting the respondents. The researchers developed a questionnaire titled Pattern and Consequences of Examination Malpractice (PCEMQ) was administered to teachers. Six null hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test statistical tool at 0.05 alpha level. The outcome of the study revealed that all the hypotheses were accepted. However, a significant difference was found in the pattern of examination malpractices based on gender. It is therefore recommended that school administrators should clearly spell out the rules and regulations guiding the conduct of examinations in schools. A constant reminder of these rules is expected to further strengthen compliance.
Inovasi Bumbu Tabur Sambal Seruit: Aplikasinya pada Keripik Pisang khas Lampung
Authors: Kurniawati Dwi , Triatma Bambang , Kuswardinah Asih , Putri Meddiati Fajri
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : 1) Mengetahui tingkat kesukaan masyarakat terhadap produk inovasi bumbu tabur sambal seruit dengan perbandingan tempe dan ikan nila (100:0)% (80:20)% (60:40)%: aplikasinya pada keripik pisang ditinjau dari aspek warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa. 2) Mengetahui banyaknya kadar protein dan zat besi pada produk inovasi yaitu bumbu tabur sambal seruit tempe-ikan nila. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Pra-eksperimen. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data untuk ristet ini ialah kuisioner, dalam rangka mendapatkan data atas variabel yang diamati. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan: 1) Tingkat kesukaan pada masyarakat yang paling tinggi dalam keseluruhan indikator (aroma, warna, rasa serta tekstur) terdapat pada produk bumbu tabur sambal seruit subtitusi TP60NL40 dengan kriteria suka memiliki rerata persentase total sebesar 82,99%. Tingkat kedua dengan kriteria suka adalah subtitusi TP100NL0 memiliki rerata persentase total sebesar 82,41%. Tingkat ketiga dengan kriteria suka adalah subtitusi TP80NL20 memiliki rerata persentase total sebesar 77,46%. 2) Kadar kandungan protein pada bumbu tabur sambal seruit yang paling tinggi pada subtitusi TP60NL40 mengandung protein sebesar 26,3150%/100gram. 3)Kadar kandungan zat besi pada bumbu tabur sambal seruit yang paling tinggi pada subtitusi TP100NL0 mengandung zat besi sebesar 19,4751mg/100gram.
An Apparatus for Dynamic Compression Studies of Wet Paper Sheets
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Carlsson Gustav , Lindstrom Tom ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory
Published: March 2024

An apparatus for studying the dynamic compression of saturated paper sheets is described. The apparatus can generate various combinations of haversine and square wave press pulses. The dewatering during a full loading cycle is studied, that is in both the compression and expansion phases. The total applied load, the hydraulic pressure and the thickness of the sheet are simultaneously recorded during the pressing operation. A total pressure of 10 MPa can be applied in pulses of durations as low as 5 ms. The techniques for hydraulic pressure and thickness measurement are examined. The performance of the apparatus is demonstrated and results from press tests with sheets of different grammages and different degrees of beating are given.
The Influence of Drying Strategies on the Relationship between Drying Shrinkage and Strain to Failure of Paper
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Htun Myat , de Ruvo Alf ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory
Published: March 2024

The effects of different drying strategies on the development of the strain to failure of paper and its relationship with drying shrinkage is studied. It is postulated that the linear superposition principle can be applied to drying strategies. The general mathematical expressions to describe the strain to failure due to drying strategies are given. The linear relationship between the strain to failure and sheet shrinkage is not found. The relationship is entirely dependent upon the drying strategies. Using the linear superposition principle, a graph which can predict the strain to failure by different drying strategies is constructed.
Management of Research and Development in a German Paper Company
Authors:   Feldmuhle Aktiengesellschaft, Dusseldorf, West Germany, Scheuring Ludwig G.
Published: March 2024

The necessities and possibilities of companies to do research work essentially depend on the supply of raw material, on the market facts, on product grades and production structure, and on the financial means available. The implementation of research and development activities of Feldmuhle Aktiengesellschaft with its 8 paper and board mills in Germany, with a capacity of 1.2 million tons, is discussed. The paper refers to various aspects of the research organisation, including personnel and the scope of the different functions and their co-ordination within the enterprise. It emphasises the long-term planning of research and development projects, and describes how the costs involved are allocated to the various divisions of the company. Finally, some examples of successful research work are given.
Relation Between Handle and Bending Properties of Paper and Paperboard
Authors:   Hokuetsu Paper Mills, Ltd, Kazumori Yasuji , Kadoya Takashi ,   The University of Tokyo
Published: March 2024

he relationship between ‘handle’ and the bending properties of paper and paper-board is investigated statistically. The handle of Paperboard was recognised to be explained by bending stiffness. In contrast, the handle of paper is complicated by bending stiffness alone. The highest correlation coefficient is obtained for paper by applying the formula Sm²/d where Sm is the maximum bending moment at the curvature of 2.5cm⁻¹ and d is the thickness of the paper. A simple method of observing the liveliness of paper is also proposed.
The Surface Structure of Coated Paper and the Formation of Gloss
Authors:   The Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Oittinen Pirkko
Published: March 2024

The factors which are responsible for the surface reflection of coated paper at specular angles have been explored by means of models of specular reflection and of coating roughness. The model of specular reflection used is based upon the addition of the roughnesses which arise from independent sources, i.e. the roughness caused by the base paper on the one hand, and by the coating pigments on the other. Coating surface roughness is approached theoretically by the incorporation in a model of the influences of particle shape and size, size distribution and the hypothetical statistics of particle position at the surface. The theoretical predictions have been tested with the aid of experimental data, on specular reflection, Hunter gloss, profilometric roughness, and particle size. The samples studied were different types of coated paper, blade-coated on a pilot scale.
Coating Pore Structure Analysis by Fluid Penetration and Permeation
Authors:   Thames Board Limited, Ranger A. E.
Published: March 2024

A fluid penetration technique is described which enables measurements to be made of penetration rate into coatings, of total pore volume, and of the subsequent permeation rate of fluid through the film. From these measurements, the number of pores and their length and diameter can be calculated assuming a simple model of pore structure. The lengths of pores calculated in this way are shown to be unrealistically large and a more complex model structure is postulated involving large and small pores serially connected. In order to determine pore sizes for this model it is necessary to generate an additional equation and this is achieved by measuring air permeation through the film. Pore sizes determined in this way are comparable in magnitude with those measured by other techniques. Evidence is offered which suggests that air flow through coatings is molecular rather than viscous and that fluid pressures within the coating pore structure can be negative.
The Application of Image Analysis to Evaluate Small Scale Basis Weight Variations in Paper
Authors:   Empire State Paper Research Institute, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, Bergh Peter , Luner Philip ,   Empire State Paper Research Institute, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York
Published: March 2024

An image analysis technique was developed by means of which the mass distribution of paper was characterised by measurements of the light transmitted through it. To establish the ability of the image analyser to assess the mass distribution accurately, comparisons were made with the established method of beta-radiography. On the basis of these comparisons it was concluded that the small scale mass distribution can be assessed by image analysis of the light transmitted through paper. The remaining aspects of the study demonstrate applications of the image analysis technique which include: analysing the variation in the mean and variance of the optical densities of different commercial newsprint samples: investigating the relationship between the mass distribution of newsprint and machine type: and comparing this with other methods used to evaluate mass distribution and formation of paper.
FEX for Fundamental Research in Paper-Making
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Norman Bo , de Ruvo Alf ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Fälldin Gunnar ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Hallgren Hans ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Lilja Jonas ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Lindstrom Tom ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Roding Svante ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory
Published: March 2024

During the early 1970’s the old experimental paper machine at STFI was left too far behind by technical developments to be of any great use for basic process research. In the mid 1970’s, therefore, the planning began of new equipment at STFI. The aim was to design the experimental system required for a basic process research programme during the period 1980 – 2000. It has to include all process units involved in recirculating material flows. This means that stock preparation, wire section, press section and backwater system should be included, while drying can be performed off-line. The wire section should include the two basic twin-wire forming principles as well as a Fourdrinier section. In the wire section it should further be possible to form multi-ply products, either from a multi-ply headbox or from several headboxes. The roll width in the wire section will be 800 mm, which means that headboxes up to 500 mm width can be applied. The press section should avoid open draws and include double felted as well as single-felted nips. To simulate industrial processes running according to modern environmental standards, a filter should be used to recover suspended material from the excess back-water, which could then be re-used for showers, dilution, etc. The dynamic properties of the FEX System were calculated using computer simulations. As a result it was found that 2 tons of pulp will be needed to run the system into equilibrium. It was decided that the storage capacity in the stock preparation plant should allow the system to be run into equilibrium four times on one batch of pulp.