bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MECHANISMS OF INVESTIGATION OFTHE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE COMPANY WHEN CHOOSING A SUPPLIER
Authors: Degtereva M. R. , Tsybina Yu. A.
Published: September 2023

The article considers the need to analyze the most important factors of the external and internal environment. The article is devoted to the external and internal environment of the company when choosing a supplier. The main factors influencing the activity of enterprises are singled out. It is determined that the study of the external and internal environment of the company is a tool to identify possible threats to the organization. The study of the external and internal environment allows the company to predict possible situations in a timely manner, develop an action plan in case of negative moments, formulate a strategy that will allow the company to achieve its goals and prevent possible losses. The main definitions are considered and methods are proposed that can be used in the system of strategic analysis. The article focuses on the issues of enterprise research through SWOT and PEST analyzes, which are used to make a strategic decision, and also helps to determine the advantages and disadvantages, which will assess the need for these methods and highlight the points that require improvement of the company when choosing a supplier. It is concluded that there is a need for increased attention to the analysis of the external and internal environment, as well as the importance of internal analysis of all the main components of research mechanisms.
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN A MULTINATIONAL TEAM (verbal communication in russian and english languages)
Authors: Murinova E. E.
Published: September 2023

The paper addresses linguistic methods, techniques of linguodidactics relating the issues of conflict prevention, development of effective communication strategies, intercultural training, communicative competence building. Language training in cross-cultural environment requires adequate respond towards arising problems based on intercultural misunderstanding and disagreement. Certain aspects of communicative behaviour need mitigating, whereas integration of social, common cultural and other elements of communicative behaviour do not always sustain accordance in a team. The neutralization of communication environment should become a main approach in communication expressed in cliches. Standardized language environment is to resolve conflict factors, facilitate in adaptation of interlocuters, management and avoidance of conflicts.Existing cultural traditions of formal communication are important, yet impedimental in communication process. However, this process can be managed by the implementation of the program considering peculiarities of business cultures, their relevant communicative behaviour style and social hierarchy.
IMPROVING APPROACHES TO THE DIVERSIFICATION OF THE SECURITIES PORTFOLIO BY COUNTRY FOR RUSSIAN INVESTORS
Authors: Sevryugin Yu. V. , Chuvakorzin B. A.
Published: September 2023

The paper presents an approach to the formation of an investment portfolio that includes securities of various countries. The study is closely related to the portfolio theory of G. Markowitz, who believed that the created portfolio should consist only of optimally selected assets with the necessary risk-return ratio for the investor. Reducing the risk level of the securities portfolio is possible due to its diversification by country. The authors refer to the data of the authoritative analytical financial company MSCI, which for more than half a century has been compiling and publishing indices covering many stock markets of the world. The paper presented the classification of MSCI country indices for three types of markets, as well as calculated the risks for each of them. As a measure of risk, the authors use the standard deviation. The last stage of the study involves the construction of correlation matrices to determine the smallest relationship between the considered indices. Further, based on the correlation analysis, the authors identified 'friendly' countries for the formation of an investment portfolio with minimal risk. They form a portfolio with less risk than the risk of individual indices that make it up. The approach considered in the paper may become relevant in 2023 when the Central Bank of the Russian Federation expands the list of countries whose shares are available to Russian investors.
NEW SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRENDS OF THE MODERN WORLD
Authors: Zakharov N. L. , Polovnikova T. V.
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the main problems associated with the process of collecting information and evaluating it, from the point of view of truthfulness, representativeness, etc. So, due to the obtained sociological data, the most important economic and political decisions should be made at the level of the leadership of the country, region, organization. This article calls on sociologists and economists to analyze the existing domestic and foreign experience (including the Soviet period) of obtaining sociological information in new conditions and to propose effective mechanisms and methods of its processing in the new conditions of the modern world. The new conditions are understood as the processes of digitalization and the onset of a new socio-economic stage - the fourth industrial revolution, as a result of which previously effective tools and sources of statistical and sociological information do not allow obtaining reliable information. The authors believe that it is necessary to revise the theoretical and practical basis of sociological research, relying, first of all, on the modern perspective of the problem of the Durkheim method, which showed that the pure natural science method cannot be applied, because the subject-researcher influences the object of sociological research. In a new way in modern conditions, it is necessary to consider the principle of representativeness of Dr. George Gallup, developed by him in the middle of the last century, when he gave convincing results. But the world is changing, and scientific approaches to conducting research should also adapt, taking into account, in particular, when conducting sociological studies of electoral behavior. This article is the first in a series of a whole series of publications calling on sociologists, economists, marketers to jointly adapt sociological methods to the conditions of a changing world.
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEMS IN THE TRANSLATION OF MARKETING TEXTS
Authors: Oshanova E. S.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the efficiency of marketing texts’ translation from English into Russian by means of machine translation systems. The object of research is English-language marketing texts. The subject of the research is machine translation of English marketing texts. We point out the importance of marketing texts in translation as it is important to convey emotions, impressions and brand image while working with this material. So, the importance of complex analysis and detailed description of translation solutions in the translation of marketing texts determines the relevance present article’s theme. This article focuses on the major machine translation systems such as the domestic service PROMT.One, the American Google Translate and the German service DeepL. These online translators are considered to be some of the key services with multifaceted features which are currently universal tools for learning and working with foreign languages. The problems of adequacy of machine translation, current mistakes and distortions made by machine translation systems in translation are also highlighted in this article. During the analysis lexical-semantic, syntactic and stylistic errors have been identified and systematized in order to use correctly computer programs for translation. It should be noted that translating marketing texts, machine translation systems have not evolved to the point when checking the translation does not lead to post-editing.
Study on Script Independent Handwritten Document Analysis for Forensics
Authors: Patel Rakesh , Tiwari Kamlesh , Patel Mili
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Forensic investigations including document authenticity, forgery detection, and signature verification all heavily rely on handwritten papers. These papers are typically subject to subjective and time-consuming manual assessment by forensic experts as part of the analysis and examination process. The development of automated methods for script-independent handwritten document analysis has completely changed the area and made objective analysis possible. The development of script-independent handwritten document analysis for forensic purposes is explored in this research article. We go over the difficulties encountered in this field and provide several methods and approaches used to solve them. We also look at the advantages, drawbacks, and potential applications of script independent handwritten document analysis in forensic investigations
Software Based Tree Plantation and Live Tree Tracker
Authors: Bharti Shivam , Deokate Rahul , Borase Shubham , Yewale Deepali
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the 21St century everything is going online from ordering food to buying cloths for the function. So, in this modern era, its crucial to use these modern technologies to save our environment. In this project we have provided tree plantation service by using web development technology with charismatic user interface. Everyone wants system to be as transparent as possible that’s why we have provided ‘Track Your tree’ option in our web application which adds beauty of this application. Because of these features user will feel best involved in tree plantation process. By using this application anyone can contribute for the environment by planting trees with great user satisfaction. Our project is combination of software and hardware, in hardware part we have developed automatic plant watering system by using Arduino uno. The developed system is fully automatic without any human interaction, which supplies water to the plant in efficient manner. Automatic watering system starts working whenever there is requirement of water to the plant and stops working as soon as requirement fulfils.
Impact of Chronic Stress on Human Body, Immunity and Wellbeing
Authors: Mantoo Manisha
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Every internal or external stimulant which is concerned with natural bodily reaction is labeled as stress. Stress favors a broad variety of diseases including hypertension, diabetes, irregular sleep patterns, superior plasma cortisols, obesity, cardiac diseases, cancer and depression. Stress happens in three stages - alarming (initial stage when body encounters stress and asks for the adrenaline rush), resisting (body secretes stress hormones and elevates blood sugar level to handle the problem) and exhausting stage (final stage when body utilized all its resources to carry a prolonged fight or flight response).This paper studies the impact of acute and chronic stressors on the human body- immunity and well-being. The sample of the study consisted of 40 people of age group 25-55. Stress was measured through a self administered questionnaire while immunity and well-being of the person is assessed by the Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ) and the Core Questionnaire for Wellbeing (WEMWBS).
Drug Product and Drug Substance (CADIFA) Registration process in Brazil
Authors: Nerkar Pankaj , Patil Atul P. , Ahire Mayuri V. , Mahajan Suhas R. , Raysing Swati D.
Published: September 2023

There is a significant demand for improved healthcare and advanced pharmaceuticals in Brazil, presenting lucrative opportunities for foreign investors. However, engaging in business activities in Brazil can be challenging due to various factors. The process of registering pharmaceutical products in the country is time-consuming. Moreover, the highly regulated, complex, and fragmented Brazilian healthcare system, which is prone to corruption, can pose significant difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises lacking the necessary financial resources and market knowledge. To comply with regulations, companies must provide detailed information about their drug products, including specifications, leaflets/labels, precautions, and other crucial details, all of which must be submitted in Portuguese in a comprehensive dossier. It typically takes close to a year to complete the medical registration process. In Latin America, specifically Brazil, Argentina, and Chile, there is a push to promote the registration of generic products by reducing the associated costs. Despite the obstacles and issues faced, Brazil's population of nearly 200 million people, its strategic position within Latin America, and its growing economy collectively present an appealing and promising market for various pharmaceutical sectors, offering potential for profitability.
Exploring the Knowledge and Practices of Adverse Drug Reaction and Falsified Medicine Reporting Amongst the Community Pharmacists of India
Authors: Kaj Kanhai Hiren
Published: September 2023

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and falsified medicines (FMs) pose significant threat to patient safety and public health. Understanding the knowledge, experiences, and perspectives of community pharmacists in India regarding ADRs and FMs is crucial for effective intervention and prevention strategies.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, experiences, and perspectives of community pharmacists in India regarding ADRs and FMs. It sought to gather information on pharmacists' familiarity with the threats posed by ADRs and FMs, their understanding of relevant legislation, their personal encounters with ADRs and FMs, and their views on the distribution of FMs and the adequacy of existing legislation.

Method: A survey was conducted among community pharmacists in India, and data were collected using a questionnaire. The survey included questions related to knowledge, experiences, and perspectives on ADRs and FMs. The responses were analysed to identify trends and key findings.

Results: The analysis revealed that a significant majority of pharmacists demonstrated a fundamental understanding of ADRs and FMs. However, a relatively low percentage reported encountering ADRs as well as FMs in their practice, with an equally low proportion reporting these incidents to the appropriate authorities Majority of pharmacists believed that they plan an important role in reporting of ADRs but only half of the pharmacists’ surveyed things that they plan an important role in tackling the issue of FMs.

Conclusion: The research highlights that community pharmacists in India have a good understanding of Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting, although knowledge of Indian legislation needs improvement. Pharmacists demonstrate a positive attitude towards ADR reporting and promptly report encountered ADRs and FMs. Patient education, convenience of the reporting system, and strengthening FM legislation are areas that require attention. Major sources of FM distribution are online pharmacies and street hawkers. These findings contribute to enhancing pharmacovigilance practices and addressing FM distribution in India.
Phytopharmaceuticals Regulatory requirements and licensing process
Authors: Prajapati Pooja , Pathan Asmatbanu , Prajapati Denish
Published: September 2023

Since the ancient period, people have used herbal treatments for a wide variety of medical issues. In developing countries, most people utilize herbal remedies to cure a variety of diseases. India, the nation that produces the most medicinal plants, is referred to as the botanical garden of the world. Indian drug regulators are focused on quality in order to uphold the standards for herbal remedies, but manufacturers are struggling to satisfy the higher standards. There are difficulties with standardization, finished formulations, and industry-wide evidence-based practices for AYUSH medicines in India. Phytopharmaceuticals, a modern subclass of medications, contain an enriched fraction with at least four distinct chemical markers with one biomarker. The Central Drugs Standards Control Organization (CDSCO) oversees Phytopharmaceuticals. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has released a Gazette Notification GSR 918(E)-Schedule Y, Appendix I(B) regarding Phytopharmaceuticals. This new rule is anticipated to encourage new medication discoveries and evolution using botanicals in a scientific manner and would aid in the modern medical profession's acceptance of Phytopharmaceuticals as a significant alternative to allopathic modern medicine. Phytopharmaceuticals are a well-balanced approach that believes in everything but places emphasis on the revalidation of the plant material's specification, in contrast to conventional pharmaceuticals that suspect everything and AYUSH medicines that trust everything. The purpose of this article is to give specific detail and compiled knowledge about Phytopharmaceutical medicines, regulatory requirements, and regulatory processes.
A comparative evaluation of Regulatory requirements for Registration of Dietary Supplements in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa
Authors: Gajjar Kinjal , Patel Zuki , Movaliya Vinit , Kanaki Niranajan , Deshpande Shrikalp , Zaveri Maitreyi
Published: September 2023

Nutraceuticals are products that are rich in nutrients and provide health benefits, because of many factors like lifestyle changes and change in the dietary habits of people now a day, these products are widely used. Among all the other categories of Nutraceuticals Dietary supplement comprises huge part of Nutraceuticals. They are distinguishable from conventional food or drugs. They are intended to use to supplement the normal diet. The terms, nomenclature and definitions of the dietary supplements vary throughout the world. Different countries have their own regulation and legislative requirements. In regulated countries streamlined regulations are there, while well-structured and streamlined regulations for Nutraceuticals are lacking in other countries. In developing and emerging nations the regulation of dietary supplements are constantly evolving. It is necessary that the product complies all the regulatory requirements before they are placed on the market. The proposed study is based on the regulation and legislative requirements of dietary supplements in Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa.
Comparative study of Regulatory requirement for preparation of Dossier for Registration of Veterinary Drug in US, EU and Canada
Authors: Raysing Swati , Nerkar Pankaj , Siddhesh Sanghavi  , Jogdand Shewta , Patil Atul
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this article is to research the requirement of the veterinary drug dossier submission in the three countries is US, EU, and Canada and the procedure of all the three countries are different for the submission of the veterinary drug dossier and their rules and regulation are different but all the three countries follow the VICH guidelines in these articles all the information available like necessary documents timeline approval procedure are different for US, EU, and Canada.
Building Bridges: Harmonization efforts for enhanced collaboration between developed and developing countries
Authors: Raut Neha , Bajaj Komal , Matte Prathmesh , Vhora Muskan , Kale Vinita , Umekar Milind , Harane Suankit
Published: September 2023

The harmonization efforts among regulatory bodies and stakeholders from developed and developing countries in the global healthcare landscape specifically focus on initiatives taken by CDSCO in India, MHLW in Japan, the TGA in Australia, ASEAN countries, and the US. The objective is to examine the importance of building bridges between these regions and harmonizing regulatory frameworks in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. The challenges faced include disparities in resources, technological capabilities, cultural differences, and regulatory frameworks. However, collaboration offers benefits such as increased access to affordable medicines, knowledge sharing, regulatory convergence, and capacity-building programs. International organizations like ICH play a role in facilitating harmonization efforts. Aligning regulatory systems and collaboration can enhance patient safety, facilitate trade, attract investment, and foster innovation. This paper concludes that harmonization efforts among CDSCO, MHLW, TGA, ASEAN countries, and the US can create a more integrated and equitable global healthcare ecosystem, bridging the gap between developed and developing countries.
Nutraceutical Regulations in India: A comprehensive Review
Authors: Ramdasi Vaishnavi , Lingala Deepthi , Macharam Kaveri , Saxena Trapti , Prasanthi D.
Published: September 2023

The term "Nutraceutical" was coined from "nutrition" and "pharmaceutical" in 1989, a Nutraceutical is any substance considered as a food or its part which, in addition to its normal nutritional value provides health benefits including the prevention of disease or promotion of health. Due to the adverse effects of drugs, consumers are preferring food supplements to improve health. Nutraceutical demand will grow with increasing risk of diseases is expected to boost product demand over the forecast period. High cost associated with healthcare treatments has resulted in rising consumer interest in Nutraceuticals. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has been established, which consolidates various acts and orders that were in existence to handle food related issues in various Ministries and Departments. FSSAI has been created for laying down science-based standards for articles of food and to regulate their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption. The regulatory framework of Nutraceuticals in India needs attention from the relevant authorities. Globally, the regulatory authorities are aware of changing needs of consumers and proactively protect consumers by amending existing laws to accommodate changes but in India old laws such as Prevention of Food adulteration Act, 1954, which regulates packaged foods, still exist for manufacturers.
SPOR BİLİMLERİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SOSYAL MEDYADA GÖSTERİŞ TÜKETİMİ EĞİLİMİ İLE NARSİSTİK KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DOĞAN İsa , KARACAN DOĞAN Pınar , DURMUŞ Gamze
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı spor bilimleri öğrencilerinin sosyal medyada gösteriş tüketimi eğilimi ile narsistik kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmada tarama modellerinden ilişkisel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Karabük Üniversitesi Hasan Doğan Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu’nda okuyan 620 lisans öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Tüm evrene ulaşmak zaman açısından mümkün olmadığı için araştırmanın örneklemini bu öğrenciler içerisinden seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 138 erkek 68 kadın olmak üzere 206 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, Ames ve ark. (2006) tarafından geliştirilmiş Atay (2019) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanmış “Narsistik Kişilik Envanteri (NKE)” ve İlhan ve Uğurhan (2019) tarafından geliştirilen “Sosyal Medyada Gösteriş Tüketimi Eğilimi Ölçeği (SMGTE)” kullanılmıştır. SPSS-24 paket programı kullanılarak yapılan analizlerde verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi sonucunda tanımlayıcı istatistik analizlerin yanında, bağımsız gruplarda t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve farklılıkların test edilmesinde Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin SMGTE Ölçeğine verdikleri cevaplar sonucunda; cinsiyet değişkeni arasında farklılık bulunmazken lisanslı sporcu olma durumu, bölüm, sosyal medya kullanma sıklığı, sosyal medyada en sık yapılan paylaşım türü değişkenleri arasında ya toplamı ya da alt boyutları arasında anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin NKE’ne verdikleri cevaplar sonucunda; lisanslı sporcu olma durumu, sosyal medyada en sık yapılan paylaşım türüne göre farklılık bulunmazken cinsiyet, bölüm, sosyal medya kullanma sıklığı değişkenleri arasında ya toplamı ya da alt boyutları arasında anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin sosyal medya gösteriş tüketimi eğilimlerinin narsistik kişilik özellikleri arasında bir ilişkinin olduğu; sosyal medya uygulamalarını kullanımının, sıklığının narsistik kişilik özelliklerini ön plana çıkarmada önemli rol oynadığı, lisanslı spor yapan öğrencilerin sosyal medya gösteriş tüketimi eğilimin daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir.
INVESTIGATION OF CRITICAL THINKING DISPOSITION AND REFLECTIVE THINKING SKILLS TOWARDS PROBLEM-SOLVING OF SPORTS SCIENCES STUDENTS
Authors: UMAR Çiğdem Nilüfer
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the level of critical thinking disposition and reflective thinking skills towards problem-solving of sports science students, to examine the difference between reflective thinking and critical thinking disposition total score averages according to some demographic variables, and to examine critical thinking disposition as a predictor of reflective thinking. Among the scanning models, single and relational scanning were used together. The study was conducted with 259 volunteer students from a sports sciences faculty with 1041 students at a state university in Turkey. A self-report measure with three parts was administered: Demographic Data Form; Reflective Thinking Skill Scale towards Problem Solving, and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory. According to the assumption of normal distribution of the data set, frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used for the analysis. As a result of the analysis, the students studying in the sports management department had the highest mean critical thinking score. While the reflective thinking score of the participants who studied for 4-5 hours is significantly higher, the critical thinking scores of the participants who studied for more than 6 hours were significantly the highest. In addition, the reflective thinking scores of the participants who spent less than 1 hour for the activity were found to be significantly lower. The participants who saw the contribution of the education given at school to reflective thinking as good had the highest reflective thinking score. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was observed that there were statistically significant, low-level, and positive relationships between critical thinking and reflective thinking. There are positive correlations between critical thinking skills and all three sub-dimensions of reflective thinking. There are positive correlations between reflective thinking and four sub-dimensions of critical thinking. Regression analysis has shown that critical thinking predicts reflective thinking. Whether reflective thinking predicts critical thinking or vice versa, it has been concluded that the development of one will also affect the other.
A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY ON MOTIVATION SOURCES OF SPORT SCIENCES GRADUATES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: YÜCEL Ali Serdar , ARAS Gökşen , KORKMAZ Murat
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The motivational challenges faced by sport science graduates in foreign language learning are one of the focal points of research in this field. Foreign language learning is an important factor for sports science graduates. Because sport is an international field and requires communication, language skills are needed. However, lack of motivation affects the language learning process. Lack of motivation is an obstacle that sport sciences graduates face in foreign language learning. This situation leads to problems such as inattention, apathy and low level of success. The reasons for lack of motivation include difficulties in adapting to the requirements of language learning, lack of belief in language learning skills, lack of extrinsic motivation and difficulties in the language learning process. This is among the findings that sport science graduates are highly demotivated by the lack of knowledge to understand the advantages of language learning in their sport careers. Results: A supportive learning environment for sport sciences graduates should be provided and students are not given the opportunity to observe their progress in the language learning process. It is also among the results that the variety of learning materials and activities to increase motivation and the factors for interesting and interactive activities are not formed. It is among the results of the research that interactive methods that encourage active participation in language learning are not used. It is seen that participants in academic life do not work with real-life examples to improve their language skills. In addition, methods such as setting goals and tracking progress are not used by the participants for motivational purposes. Conclusion: It is a common problem that sport science graduates face a lack of motivation in foreign language learning. Various approaches such as awareness-raising activities, a supportive learning environment and interactive teaching strategies should be used to overcome this challenge. Increasing sport science graduates' motivation to learn a language has been shown to be a crucial factor for improving their language skills and expanding opportunities in their sport careers.
THE PREDICTOR OF MOTIVATION IN SPORTS: ENNEAGRAM PERSONALITY
Authors: KARA Nuriye Şeyma , DÖNMEZ Ahmet , KARA Mehmet
Published: September 2023

In this study, it was aimed to determine the predictive power of motivation in sports by the enneagram. The "relational screening model" was preferred in the research. A total of 404 ( age=24,19±8,11) active athletes, 185 females ( age=23,58±5,65), and 219 males ( age=24,70±8,11) selected by convenience sampling method, participated in the research. Pearson correlation and regression techniques were used in the statistical analysis of the data. Looking at the results of the research, it is seen that the personality types of perfectionist, helpful, successful, original, observant, adventurous, leader with internal motivation are at a moderate level in the positive direction; positive low-level significant relationships were detected with the questioning and the compromiser. Extrinsic motivation and non-motivation were positively correlated with perfectionist, helpful, successful, original, observant, questioning, adventurous, leader, and compromiser personality types. When the regression results are examined, it is seen that the adventurous personality type has on work motivation; It was determined that the helpful and observant personality type had a significant predictive power on extrinsic motivation and non-motivation. Regarding the results of the research, it can be said that personality types are effective on motivation in sports.
8 Haftalık Anaerobik Güç Antrenmanı ve İskemik Ön Koşullandırma Kombinasyonunun Anaerobik Güç Çıktıları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: TETİK DÜNDAR Sibel , TOKAT Fatma , GÖNÜLATEŞ Süleyman
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırma, 8 haftalık süreyle yapılan anaerobik güç antrenmanı ve iskemik ön koşullandırma uygulamasının anaerobik güç çıktıları üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmaya, spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim gören, rekreasyonel amaçlı spor yapan, 3 yıl içinde düzenli antrenman yapmamış ve belirgin bir egzersiz programına dahil olmamış 30 erkek gönüllü olarak katıldı. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 19.57±1.56, boy ortalaması 175.77±6.12, vücut kütle ortalaması 67.41±8.45 olarak belirlendi. Katılımcılar randomize 10’ar kişilik gruplara ayrıldı. 1. Grup (n=10): WAnT+IPC, 2. Grup (n=10): WAnT, 3. Grup (n=10): Kontrol olarak belirlendi. IPC: Pnömatik manşon (Flowtron dvt pnömatik kompresyon sistemi) yardımıyla, 220mmHg basınç ile bilateral arterden (bacak-kalça eklemine yakın olan kısımdan), 5dk iskemi, 5dk reperfüzyon, 3 tekrarlı olarak yapıldı. WAnT: Bisiklet ergometresinde (Monark 894E), 5dk ısınma, 3x30s maksimum bisiklet çevirme, tekrarlar arası 4dk dinlenme şeklinde uygulandı. Sonuç olarak, iskemik ön koşullandırma ile birlikte yapılan wingate anaerobik güç antrenmanının, tek başına uygulanan anaerobik güç antrenmanından daha etkili olmadığı belirlenmiştir (son testin kendi içinde karşılaştırma sonuçlarına göre). Fakat zaman etkisi dikkate alındığında, başlangıçtaki mevcut durumdan zaman içinde gelişim olduğu görülmüştür. Hem matematiksel hem de istatistiksel olarak görülen farklar her üç grupta da yaşandığı için hem anaerobik güç antrenmanı için hem de iskemik ön koşullandırma ile birlikte yapılan anaerobik güç antrenmanı için net bir etkiden bahsetmenin mümkün olmadığı söylenebilir.
Physical Activity Level and Quality of Life of Women aged 18-45
Authors: KAYA Cansel , YILDIRIM Selin , YAZICI Tuba , BULĞAY Celal , ÇAKIR Veli Ozan , CERİT Mesut
Published: September 2023

Maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial for maximizing the benefits of physical activity and avoiding the drawbacks of inactivity. Regular physical activity is a key factor in enhancing the quality of life. Having a high-quality life for women will positively impact the health of the current society and future generations. Additionally, women serve as role models for their children as they raise them. In this context, women play a significant role in shaping societal norms regarding participation in physical activity and people's quality of life. Regarding research on physical activity and quality of life, most studies focus on the elderly population. There are fewer studies examining women's quality of life and their physical activity levels. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity levels and the quality of life among women aged 18–45. Furthermore, the study aimed to compare the disparities in quality of life and physical activity levels between single and married individuals. A total of 200 women participated in this study. Significant differences were identified in various study variables between single and married women. Additionally, variations were observed in the correlations between dimensions of quality of life and levels of physical activity. Consequently, physical activity emerges as a vital tool for enhancing our quality of life. Hence, it should be integrated into daily routines to reap individual and societal health benefits. Moreover, physical activity interventions should be tailored to individuals' unique physical abilities and developmental stages.
History of St. Petersburg’s Pavements
Authors: Morozan Vladimir V.
Published: September 2023

Within the article, the author examines the history of everyday life of St. Petersburg through analyzing documents that have recorded the history of the city’s pavement replacement with various materials over a period of more than three hundred years. The study was mainly carried out on the basis of archival materials from the funds of the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg and the Russian State Historical Archive. It is evident that this work is the first comprehensive study of the history of the pavements of the Russian Empire capital as a theme, a topic which has not yet been adequately reflected in either domestic or foreign historiography. It has been established that it took the city authorities a considerable time to pave the capital's roads during the imperial period. The paving of the city roads developed from the use of raw stone to natural asphalt. In the end, it took almost a century to bring the streets of the main part of the city to the proper condition; they have been previously been covered with mainly stone. Whereas in the XVIII century the main task of the central and city authorities was to pave as many streets as possible, then in the XIX - early XX centuries the city government instead concentrated on a way find an inexpensive but durable material for this purpose.
Russian City in Manchuria through the Eyes of the Minister of War: A.N. Kuropatkin’s Visit to Harbin in 1903
Authors: Avilov Roman S.
Published: September 2023

The author considers the history of Russian Imperial Minister of War A.N. Kuropatkin’s visit to Harbin in 1903. The study is based on the Minister's diaries which he kept during the trip, a set of documents he built during the trip, as well as his official report written after the trip. The documents are stored in the Russian State Military Historical Archive (RGVIA) and have been used for the for the first time for historical research in this article. A. N. Kuropatkin visited the new Russian city which was under construction in Manchuria from 1898 as part of his trip to the Far East, and described in detail his inspection of the city, as well as its quay, military barracks, and civil facilities, as well as the maneuvers of the troops of the Harbin garrison and border guards. The study gives a description of the barracks accommodation of the troops in the city and the problems of organizing barracks construction at that time. It is noted that A.N. Kuropatkin considered Harbin as the most important commercial and strategic center of northern Manchuria. The article provides data on the number and national composition of the city population, as well as a description of the first time the Russian Minister of War negotiated with the Chinese governor-general of the Jilin province. The studied material illustrates A.N. Kuropatkin’s understanding of the impossibility of organizing the management of the non-Russian population of the region without preserving authority the Chinese local officials and therefore there was a need to establish close cooperation with them. It is also pointed out the Minister of War had hoped increase the coordination of representatives of the Russians at the local level including Russia’s local military, diplomatic, and financial departments. A.N. Kuropatkin’s in his conclusions shows his conviction of the relative ineffectiveness of exclusively peaceful penetration into Manchuria without support by military force, a discovery which prompted him to actively engage in the further development of Harbin’s military infrastructure.
Study of the Fuel Supply to Interior Cities in the Ivanovo and Vladimir Regions during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Tryakhov Ilya S.
Published: September 2023

Through their research, the author has studied the process of providing the population of the Ivanovo and Vladimir regions with fuel during the Great Patriotic War. With an analysis of regional archival materials, the author reveals the both the importance as well as the future potential of such fuel resources as peat and firewood located in the region, as well as the main ways of their procurement for the needs of the national economy. Special attention is paid to the working conditions of procurement officers as well as the radical changes in the age and gender composition of workers employed in peat extraction and firewood cutting across the War. It is shown that during the war years the role of women increased considerably, which was caused by the mass mobilization of able-bodied men. The consequence of this was a significant decline in labor productivity, especially from 1942 to 1943. The location of firewood and peat resources at a considerable distance from cities with enterprises and institutions made it difficult to deliver them in a timely manner. These logistical difficulties often led to shutdown of plants and factories, as well as public institutions. The author comes to the conclusion that it was not possible to fully solve the problem of supply until the end of the war, although according to the available data, there were still fuel resources in various places for procurement. The sources also show large number of complaints of the population about the lack of heating in for their homes and the failure to provide assistance with the delivery of firewood, as well as the broader difficulties with the food supply.
“We Created Ourselves and the city”: Women's Contribution to the Development of Magnitogorsk in the 1950-1960s
Authors: Pushkareva Natalya L. , Zhidchenko Alexander V.
Published: September 2023

The everyday life of Soviet women during the years of the Khrushchev thaw is one of the insufficiently studied issues of Soviet women's history. This article is devoted to its study using the methods of gender anthropology and multi-focal ethnography of urban life. Its analysis is based on: heterogeneous empirical material - published memoirs of contemporaries, their oral stories (recorded by the authors of the article), materials from periodicals, neglected works of fiction, and visual sources. Magnitogorsk was chosen as the main research locus due to it being a large non-administrative industrial center that had appeared even before the war, and in which demographic gender imbalance persisted even after 1945. After analyzing the features of the women’s contribution to the formation of a new image of the city, the authors completed the picture of the lifestyles of urban women, showing several social types that changed the face of the industrial giant: architects, housewives, social activists, workers of the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. The collected material showed the success of the Soviet Union’s new social policy, which was an innovative transition of the Soviet state from the harsh methods of management of the 1930s - early 1950s to Soviet democracy, including recognition of the importance of private life, including of Soviet women. However, everyday life of Soviet women from a half a century ago also revealed a number of issues such as: gender inequality and has the exposed the difficulties of organizing everyday women's domestic (family) and industrial life. By proving the importance of gender anthropology as an approach that expands the ability to analyze social idealism and hopes of the political thaw, this approach helps frame the period by showing how gender interacted with the shifting value-normative structures of Soviet thinking and the social image of the female builders of socialism.
Nutritional Hygiene of Preschoolers in Russian Metropolitan Noble Families of the Intelligentsia in the late XIX - early XX Centuries
Authors: Veremenko Valentina A. , Sutula Julia V.
Published: September 2023

Through their article, the authors have conducted research on the suggested requirements for the nutrition of preschoolers which were established at the turn of the XX century in Russia, as well as on their implementation within noble intelligentsia families. The source base of the article includes the works of hygienists and nutritionists, reports of sanitary and pedagogical organizations, journalism, home economics guidelines, as well as ego documents. It is shown within these text that the idea of the importance of a proper diet for children as a way for them to obtain the necessary vitamins and minerals for the “building” of their body, and maintaining health had the greatest resonance with intelligent metropolitan female residents who had both the opportunity and desire to get acquainted with the latest scientific achievements in this field. The authors provide a conclusion that not only parents’ willingness to apply ideas from the guidelines instrumental in this process, but also guided the extreme difficulty of implementing them in practice, even in “responsible” families. The abundance and inconsistency of the recommendations combined with the difficulties of their implementation and additional financial and labor costs often forced women to adapt the ideas of nutritionists to the available opportunities of the time and their own ideas. As a result, even in “responsible” noble intelligent families, there could be bizarrely combined various, sometimes mutually exclusive, nutritional practices for preschoolers.
Two adolescent cases of early use of Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System® for drug-induced fulminant hepatic failure
Authors: Kim Seo Yeon , Kim Beom Joon
Published: September 2023

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a rare but fatal disease with a 40%-80% mortality, often requiring liver transplantation, which is hard to perform in children. A therapeutic intervention alternative to liver transplantation is an extracorporeal artificial liver support system. Molecular Adsorbent Recirculation Systems® (MARS) has emerged as a bridge therapy for adult FHF, whereas in pediatric FHF, there have been a small number of cases of implementing MARS. Recently, we witnessed the recovery of 2 teenagers with FHFs caused by acetaminophen and a diet aid. Both patients were treated uneventfully, with early use of MARS. These cases suggest that early use of MARS may be a promising therapeutic intervention in pediatric drug-induced FHF.
CONTEMPLATION ON RELIGIOUS WORK ETHICS IN 'THE PURSUIT OF HAPPYNESS' AND 'DOA YANG MENGANCAM'
Authors: Dendri Endrian Ramadhan  , Danial Hidayatullah
Published: September 2023

The two films The Pursuit of Happyness (2006) and Doa yang Mengancam (2008) as the representations of Protestant and Muslim communities both demonstrate significant implications toward the dynamics of work ethics. The problem addressed by this comparison of two cinematic works is the influences of two different religious values on personal work ethics. The foundation of comparative literature paradigm is the idea that by studying literary works from various cultural and linguistic contexts, we can better understand how historical and cultural situations form human experiences--in this case, religious work ethics--occur. The aim of this research is to compare the representation of work ethics within the two main characters in the films as influenced by their respective religious values. The theory used for solving the case is Stuart Hall's (1997) representation theory by using the constructivism paradigm (symbolic, image, discursive, and myth function) with qualitative research method. The findings show that Chris, as a Protestant, has higher work ethics than Madrim, a young Muslim, according to Max Weber's Protestant Ethic principles. However, this situation has an impact on the Protestant’s attitude which is more materialistic than that of the Muslim which shows an equality between worldly wealth and good deeds in the afterlife.
A role for the ATP-dependent DNA ligase Lig E of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in biofilm formation
Authors: Williamson Adele , Pan Jolyn , Hicks Joanna
Published: September 2023

The ATP-dependent DNA ligase Lig E is present as an accessory DNA ligase
in numerous proteobacterial pathogen genomes, including many
disease-causing species. Here we have constructed a genomic Lig E
knock-out in the obligate human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae
and characterised its growth and infection characteristics. This
demonstrates that N. gonorrhoeae Lig E is a non-essential gene
and its deletion does not cause defects in replication or survival of
DNA-damaging stressors. Knock-out strains were partially defective in
biofilm formation on an artificial surface as well as adhesion to
epithelial cells which coupled with the predicted extracellular/
periplasmic location of Lig E indicates a role in extracellular DNA
joining. In addition to in vivo characterisation, we have
recombinantly expressed and assayed N. gonorrhoeae Lig E and
determined the crystal structure of the enzyme-adenylate engaged with
DNA substrate in an open non-catalytic conformation, providing insight
into the binding dynamics of these minimal DNA ligases.