bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Offline Activism
Authors: Sehijpaul Vishaal
Published: June 2021

On April 23, 2021, Vishaal Sehijpaul presented at the 2021 CASIS Generation Z Congress on Offline Activism: Does It Take More than Online Social Justice Warriors? This presentation was followed by a group panel for questions and answers, whereby congress attendees were provided with an opportunity to engage in discussion with Mr. Sehijpaul. Primary discussion surrounded which types of safety were possibly more important, methods Generation Zs (Gen Zs) can adapt to potentially reduce their slacktivism, the role of government in addressing the gap between online and offline change, and whether slacktivism is relevant in current social issues, such the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement.
Poremećaji gutanja u neuroloških bolesnika
Authors: Čuš Nina , Vuletić Vladimira , Radobuljac Katarina , Maržić Diana , Šepić Tatjana
Published: June 2021

Poremećaji gutanja učestala su tegoba kod neuroloških bolesnika. Radi se o tegobama koje znatno narušavaju kvalitetu života, mogu uzrokovati poremećaje hranjenja, malnutriciju, dehidraciju, ali i dovesti do aspiracije i aspiracijske pneumonije. Dostupne dijagnostičke metode obuhvaćaju upitnike za probir i samoprocjenu simptoma, protokole logopedske dijagnostike te fiberendoskopiju i videofluoroskopiju, a važna je i procjena nutritivnog statusa bolesnika. Nakon postavljene dijagnoze disfagije poseže se za brojnim rehabilitacijskim postupcima koji omogućavaju ublažavanje simptoma i smanjenje rizika od aspiracije. Katkad se tegobe pokušava umanjiti i kirurškim metodama. U liječenju disfagije u oboljelih od Parkinsonove bolesti istražuje se i korist od duboke moždane stimulacije.
Pathophysiological association of catecholamine stress in a patient with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Vučić Domagoj , Miškić Blaženka , Leko Ninoslav , Knežević Praveček Marijana , Gabaldo Krešimir , Cvitkušić Lukenda Katica , Bosnić Zvonimir
Published: June 2021

Aim: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a transient dysfunction of the heart muscle that occurs in response to a stressful event. A working diagnosis is mostly made for acute ischemic heart disease due to similar clinical presentation and differential diagnostic doubts. Although it is a reversible disorder of cardiac contractility, mortality rate is similar to that of an acute coronary syndrome due to the development of complications. We report the case of a patient with chronic kidney disease and the consequent development of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, a possible pathophysiological link that has not been reported in the significant number in literature so far. Case report: An 83-year-old patient on a chronic hemodialysis program, due to the development of anginal symptoms specific for the acute coronary syndrome and with a significant increase in cardiospecific enzymes, was transferred to the Coronary care unit for the necessary invasive cardiac treatment. Echocardiographic and coronarographic findings confirmed the diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, which was the first case in a patient on chronic hemodialysis program in our institution. Conslusions: According to available data, about 30 cases of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy have been reported so far, indicating that transient myocardial dysfunction is a rare cardiomyopathy in patients with chronic kidney disease. A small number of literature-recorded cases do not support the similar pathophysiological basis of increased sympathetic activity present in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and chronic kidney disease.
Liječenje djece s patološkim sadržajem u prsištu
Authors: Lah Tomulić Kristina , Banac Srđan , Ovuka Aleksandar , Verbić Arijan , Milardović Ana , Butorac-Ahel Ivona , Šimunović Ana
Published: June 2021

Cilj: Utvrditi metode liječenja bolesnika koji su zaprimljeni na Odjel intenzivnog liječenja djece (OILD) zbog patološkog sadržaja u prsištu. Cilj je također utvrditi indikacije za postavljanje pleuralne drenaže, tehnike postavljanja, analizirati dodatne specifične terapijske postupke koji su se provodili tijekom pleuralne drenaže, trajanje liječenja te komplikacije. Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su sva djeca od rođenja do 18. godine života zaprimljena zbog patološkog sadržaja u prsištu na OILD Kliničkog bolničkog centra Rijeka, u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2014. do 31. prosinca 2018. Podatci su prikupljeni iz arhivirane medicinske dokumentacije, integriranog bolničkog informacijskog sustava i protokola za prijam bolesnika te zatim analizirani i statistički obrađeni. Rezultati: U ispitivanom su razdoblju na OILD zaprimljena 1044 djeteta – od toga je 114 bolesnika zaprimljeno zbog patološkog sadržaja u prsištu (10,9 %). Pleuralni dren postavljen je u 93 djeteta (95,6 %), 53 djevojčice i 40 dječaka. Indikacije za postavljanje pleuralnog drena bile su parapneumonični izljev (N=44, 47,3 %), pneumotoraks (N=37, 39,7 %), hilotoraks (N=11, 11,8 %) i maligni izljev (N=1, 1,1 %). Najčešća tehnika postavljanja pleuralnog drena u OILD-u bila je putem troakara, potom Seldingerova tehnika. U osmero djece s organiziranim izljevima provodila se fibrinolitička terapija. Nije bilo akutnih komplikacija tijekom postupka postavljanja pleuralnog drena. Najčešća kasnije utvrđena komplikacija, u 23 djeteta, bila je malpozicija drena. Zaključci: Većina djece zaprimljene na OILD zbog patološkog sadržaja u prsištu liječi se pleuralnom drenažom. Najčešća indikacija za postavljanje pleuralnog drena u našem je istraživanju parapneumonični izljev. Pleuralna je drenaža sigurna i učinkovita metoda liječenja patološkog sadržaja u prsištu djece, s niskim postotkom komplikacija.
Воспламенение топливной смеси с помощью многоточечного импульсного искрового разряда при различных начальных условиях
Authors: Булат П.В. , Волков К.Н. , Грачев Л.П. , Есаков И.И. , Лавров П.Б.
Published: June 2021

The development of efficient and reliable systems for the ignition of air/fuel mixtures is of interest for many practical applications associated with the use of combustion devices. To increase the total surface of the flame, ensure the reliability of ignition, increase the rate of combustion in the volume of the chamber and the completeness of combustion of the combustible mixture, multi-point ignition of the air/fuel mixture using several pulsed spark discharges is used. A comparison of the characteristics of combustion products in the working chamber when using different numbers of igniting spark discharges is made based on the data of a physical experiment. Measurements are carried out at various ignition points of the mixture, initial mixture pressures, and air/fuel ratios. The values of the air/fuel ratio used in the experiment are in the range, the boundaries of which are the lower and upper concentration limits of the ignition of the propane-air mixture.
Структурно-фазовое состояние металла рельса с внутренней трещиной после длительной эксплуатации
Authors: Атрошенко С.А. , Майер С.С. , Смирнов В.И.
Published: June 2021

During operation, under cyclic force action, various physical and mechanical processes occur over time in the rail metal: plastic deformation of the rolling surface, the formation of internal and surface cracks, a change in residual stresses, etc. As a result, the mechanical characteristics deteriorate and the performance of the rails decreases.
In this work, a microstructural analysis of the cross-sectional surface of two rails with internal cracks - longitudinal and transverse. Rail samples were taken out of service after many years of service. Fractographic analysis of the crack surface and the surrounding material indicates a significant degradation of the physical and mechanical properties of rail steel.
Методы переключения поляризации излучения в GaAs лазерных диодах
Authors: Дорохин М.В. , Звонков Б.Н. , Демина П.Б. , Дикарева Н.В. , Здоровейщев А.В. , Кудрин А.В. , Вихрова О.В. , Самарцев И.В. , Некоркин С.М.
Published: June 2021

Приведены результаты исследования режимов работы лазерных структур с управляемой поляризацией света, в том числе результаты измерения поляризационных характеристик. Показана возможность управления как линейной, так и циркулярной поляризацией света при соответствующей модификации конструкции лазера. В частности, осуществлена устойчивая лазерная генерация на двух ортогонально-поляризованных модах в ближнем ИК диапазоне с соотношением интенсивностей компонент излучения ITE/ITM~ 4.5. Реализована возможность генерации циркулярно-поляризованного излучения в торцевых лазерных диодах посредством намагничивания комбинированного полупрозрачного зеркала с ферромагнитным слоем CoPt, нанесенного на торец лазерного резонатора. В режиме насыщения намагниченности слоя CoPt значение степени поляризации составило ±1.25%. Ключевые слова: полупроводники, лазерный диод, квантовая яма, поляризация.
Исследование влияния добавки наночастиц гидрофобного оксида кремния на коллоидную устойчивость обратных эмульсий
Authors: Михиенкова Е.И. , Минаков А.В. , Лысаков С.В. , Неверов А.Л. , Пряжников М.И.
Published: June 2021

The results of experimental studies of the effect of the addition of silicon oxide nanoparticles on the stability of inverse emulsions based on mineral oils are presented. The concentration of nanoparticles in the emulsion was varied from 0.25 to 2 wt%. The following ratios of the volume fractions of the hydrocarbon phase and water were investigated: 70/30, 80/20, 90/10. Several types of emulsifiers have been considered. It has been shown that, even at low concentrations, hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles significantly improve the stability of inverse emulsions. Destabilization rate of the emulsion upon addition of 2 wt%. of nanoparticles decreases 1.7 times.
Conceptualizing Usability for the eHealth Context: Content Analysis of Usability Problems of eHealth Applications
Authors: Broekhuis Marijke , van Velsen Lex , Peute Linda , Halim Meilani , Hermens Hermie
Published: June 2021

Background

Usability tests can be either formative (where the aim is to detect usability problems) or summative (where the aim is to benchmark usability). There are ample formative methods that consider user characteristics and contexts (ie, cognitive walkthroughs, interviews, and verbal protocols). This is especially valuable for eHealth applications, as health conditions can influence user-system interactions. However, most summative usability tests do not consider eHealth-specific factors that could potentially affect the usability of a system. One of the reasons for this is the lack of fine-grained frameworks or models of usability factors that are unique to the eHealth domain.

Objective

In this study, we aim to develop an ontology of usability problems, specifically for eHealth applications, with patients as primary end users.

Methods

We analyzed 8 data sets containing the results of 8 formative usability tests for eHealth applications. These data sets contained 400 usability problems that could be used for analysis. Both inductive and deductive coding were used to create an ontology from 6 data sets, and 2 data sets were used to validate the framework by assessing the intercoder agreement.

Results

We identified 8 main categories of usability factors, including basic system performance, task-technology fit, accessibility, interface design, navigation and structure, information and terminology, guidance and support, and satisfaction. These 8 categories contained a total of 21 factors: 14 general usability factors and 7 eHealth-specific factors. Cohen κ was calculated for 2 data sets on both the category and factor levels, and all Cohen κ values were between 0.62 and 0.67, which is acceptable. Descriptive analysis revealed that approximately 69.5% (278/400) of the usability problems can be considered as general usability factors and 30.5% (122/400) as eHealth-specific usability factors.

Conclusions

Our ontology provides a detailed overview of the usability factors for eHealth applications. Current usability benchmarking instruments include only a subset of the factors that emerged from our study and are therefore not fully suited for summative evaluations of eHealth applications. Our findings support the development of new usability benchmarking tools for the eHealth domain.
Development and Evaluation of Acceptability and Feasibility of a Web-Based Intervention for Patients With Bipolar Disorder in Iran: Implementation Study
Authors: Ashrafi Agaah , Tabatabaee Maryam , Sharifi Vandad
Published: June 2021

Background

Psychoeducation for bipolar disorder has a significant impact on symptoms and treatment adherence. In Iran, as a low-resource setting, infrastructural barriers, such as inadequate mental health professionals, difficulties in transportation, and costs of care, may hinder optimum delivery of this evidence-based intervention to patients.

Objective

This study sought to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a web-based intervention for bipolar patients in Iran.

Methods

A website has been developed as a platform for providing psychoeducational content about bipolar disorder. Patients were chosen via a convenient sampling method in 2018-2019. The main component of the intervention included streaming 7 weekly video clips after attending a single in-person meeting, as well as a medication self-monitoring application. Information was collected about the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention.

Results

We invited 45 patients from the day center and the outpatient clinic of Roozbeh psychiatric hospital and some private clinics in Tehran. Of the 23 patients (51%) who attended the first in-person session and provided informed consent, 14 patients dropped out during the study. While 9 patients completed the course (attended 4 or more online sessions), only 5 watched all the video sessions. The rate of adherence to the intervention and frequency of exposure to the website were much higher for those recruited from the private and outpatient clinics.

Conclusions

This web-based intervention can be feasible and acceptable only for a subgroup of patients with specific educational status and socioeconomic level.
Pulmonary Screening Practices of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgeons Across Saudi Arabia in the Posttreatment Surveillance of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Alnefaie Majed , Alamri Abdullah , Saeedi Asalh , Althobaiti Awwadh , Alosaimi Shahad , Alqurashi Yousuf , Marzouki Hani , Merdad Mazin
Published: June 2021

Background

With respect to patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), posttreatment surveillance for distant disease has mostly focused on the lungs, as HNSCC distant metastasis occurs in this organ in 90% of HNSCC cases. Additionally, the incidence rate of primary tumors in the lungs is high due to the field cancerization of the entire upper aerodigestive tract.

Objective

Our cross-sectional survey study aims to evaluate the current beliefs and pulmonary screening practices of otolaryngology–head and neck surgeons across Saudi Arabia with respect to the posttreatment surveillance of HNSCC.

Methods

This nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among head and neck surgeon members of the Saudi Society of Otolaryngology from June 1 to June 30, 2020. A predesigned questionnaire was used for data collection, and a descriptive analysis was carried out.

Results

This study included 22 participants and had a 78% (22/28) response rate. This study found that the majority of participants (9/22, 41%) used lung radiography for routine lung screening during posttreatment follow-ups, whereas 32% (7/22) used low-dose computed tomography (CT; 7/22, 32%). With regard to the number of years for which participants perform lung screening during follow-ups, the majority of participants (17/22, 77%) reported 5 years, and only 9% (2/22) have performed lifelong lung screening. With regard to the frequency of lung screening, 77% (17/22) of participants conduct screening annually, 18% (4/22) conduct screening half-yearly, and 5% (1/22) conduct screening biennially. With regard to beliefs about the effectiveness of screening procedures in reducing lung cancer mortality rates during follow-ups, 36% (8/22) of participants believed them to be very effective or somewhat effective, 18% (4/22) did not know, and only 9% (2/22) believed that they were not effective.

Conclusions

The participants mainly used lung radiography (9/22, 41%), low-dose CT (7/22, 32%), or positron emission tomography/CT (6/22, 27%) as a routine lung screening method during the posttreatment follow-up of patients with head and neck cancer for 5 years (17/22, 77%) or 10 years (3/22, 14%), and only a small percentage of participants have performed lifelong lung screening (2/22, 9%). Lung screening was mostly conducted annually or half-yearly. Such screening was believed to be very effective or somewhat effective.
Decreasing COVID-19 Risk Factors for Older Adults by Using Digital Technology to Implement a Plant-Based-Diet: An Opinion
Authors: Benavides Heidi Lynn , Meireles Christiane Lumachi , Benavente Viola , Mays Mary Helen , Wang Jing
Published: June 2021

A disproportionate number of COVID-19 cases affect older, minority populations. Obese older adults are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 complications and lower survival rates, and minority older adults often experience higher rates of obesity. A plant-based diet intervention may improve COVID-19-related modifiable risk factors for obesity. Encouraging the consumption of plant-based diets comprising vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, seeds, and nuts by utilizing community outreach strategies and digital technology can contribute to improving COVID-19 risk factors among this population.
Improving Diabetes Self-management by Providing Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment to Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Exploratory Interview Study
Authors: Laursen Ditte Hjorth , Rom Gitte , Banghøj Anne Margareta , Tarnow Lise , Schou Lone
Published: June 2021

Background

There is a high prevalence of unexplained and unexplored obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among patients with type 2 diabetes. The daytime symptoms of OSA include severe fatigue, cognitive problems, a decreased quality of life, and the reduced motivation to perform self-care. These symptoms impair the management of both diabetes and daily life. OSA may therefore have negative implications for diabetes self-management. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is used to treat OSA. This treatment improves sleep quality, insulin resistance, and glycemic control. Although the benefits of using CPAP as a treatment for OSA are clear, the noncompliance rate is high, and the evidence for the perceived effect that CPAP treatment has on patients with type 2 diabetes and OSA is poor.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impacts that comorbid diabetes and OSA have on the daily lives of older adults and to investigate the perceived effect that CPAP treatment for OSA has on patients’ diabetes self-management.

Methods

A qualitative follow-up study that involved in-depth, semistructured dyad interviews with couples before and after CPAP treatment (N=22) was conducted. Patients were recruited from the Hilleroed Hospital in Denmark and were all diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, aged >18 years, and had an apnea-hypopnea index of ≥15. All interviews were coded and analyzed via thematic analysis.

Results

The results showed that patients and their partners did not consider OSA to be a serious disorder, as they believed that OSA symptoms were similar to those of the process of aging. Patients experienced poor nocturnal sleep, took frequent daytime naps, exhibited reduced cognitive function, and had low levels of physical activity and a high-calorie diet. These factors negatively influenced their diabetes self-management. Despite the immediate benefit of CPAP treatment, most patients (11/12, 92%) faced technical challenges when using the CPAP device. Only the patients with severe OSA symptoms that affected their daily lives overcame the challenges of using the CPAP device and thereby improved their diabetes self-management. Patients with less severe symptoms rated CPAP-related challenges as more burdensome than their symptoms.

Conclusions

If used correctly, CPAP has the potential to significantly improve OSA, resulting in better sleep quality; improved physical activity; improved diet; and, in the end, better diabetes self-management. However, there are many barriers to undergoing CPAP treatment, and only few patients manage to overcome these barriers and comply with correct treatment.
Health Care Professionals’ Experiences With the Use of Video Consultation: Qualitative Study
Authors: Primholdt Christensen Nina , Skou Karen Emilie , Boe Danbjørg Dorthe
Published: June 2021

Background

The number of remote video consultations between doctors and patients has increased during the last few years and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The health care service is faced with rising rates of chronic illness and many patients who are more confident in self-management of their illnesses. In addition, there is an improved long-term outlook for serious conditions, such as cancer, that might require flexibility in everyday life.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate how medical doctors in the outpatient clinic use and experience the use of video consultations with hematological patients, with a focus on relational and organizational aspects.

Methods

The study was designed as an explorative and qualitative study. Data were collected via participant observations and focus group interviews with medical doctors.

Results

The study identified possibilities and barriers in relation to adapting to the alternative way of meeting patients in the clinical setting. One of the main findings in this study is that the medical doctors were afraid that they missed important observations, as they were not able to perform a physical examination, if needed. They also emphasized that handshake and eye contact were important in order to get an overall impression of the patient’s situation. It also became clear that the medical doctors used body language a lot more during video consultation compared with consultation in a physical setting. The medical doctors found the contact with the patients via the screen to be good, and the fact that the technology was working well made them feel comfortable with the video consultation.

Conclusions

In this study, we found that the medical doctors were able to maintain good contact with the patients despite the screen and were able to assess the patients in a satisfying manner. However, there were still uncertainties among some doctors about the fact that they could not examine the patients physically. New knowledge about how to use gestures and body language during video consultation was obtained.
Medication Adherence Reminder System for Virtual Home Assistants: Mixed Methods Evaluation Study
Authors: Corbett Cynthia F , Combs Elizabeth M , Chandarana Peyton S , Stringfellow Isabel , Worthy Karen , Nguyen Thien , Wright Pamela J , O'Kane Jason M
Published: June 2021

Background

Medication nonadherence is a global public health challenge that results in suboptimal health outcomes and increases health care costs. Forgetting to take medicines is one of the most common reasons for unintentional medication nonadherence. Research findings indicate that voice-activated virtual home assistants, such as Amazon Echo and Google Home devices, may be useful in promoting medication adherence.

Objective

This study aims to create a medication adherence app (skill), MedBuddy, for Amazon Echo devices and measure the use, usability, and usefulness of this medication-taking reminder skill.

Methods

A single-group, mixed methods, cohort feasibility study was conducted with women who took oral contraceptives (N=25). Participants were undergraduate students (age: mean 21.8 years, SD 6.2) at an urban university in the Southeast United States. Participants were given an Amazon Echo Dot with MedBuddy—a new medication reminder skill for Echo devices created by our team—attached to their study account, which they used for 60 days. Participants self-reported their baseline and poststudy medication adherence. MedBuddy use was objectively evaluated by tracking participants’ interactions with MedBuddy through Amazon Alexa. The usability and usefulness of MedBuddy were evaluated through a poststudy interview in which participants responded to both quantitative and qualitative questions.

Results

Participants’ interactions with MedBuddy, as tracked through Amazon Alexa, only occurred on half of the study days (mean 50.97, SD 29.5). At study end, participants reported missing their medication less in the past 1 and 6 months compared with baseline (χ21=0.9 and χ21=0.4, respectively; McNemar test: P<.001 for both). However, there was no significant difference in participants’ reported adherence to consistently taking medication within the same 2-hour time frame every day in the past 1 or 6 months at the end of the study compared with baseline (χ21=3.5 and χ21=0.4, respectively; McNemar test: P=.63 and P=.07, respectively). Overall feedback about usability was positive, and participants provided constructive feedback about the skill’s features that could be improved. Participants’ evaluation of MedBuddy’s usefulness was overwhelmingly positive—most (15/23, 65%) said that they would continue using MedBuddy as a medication reminder if provided with the opportunity and that they would recommend it to others. MedBuddy features that participants enjoyed were an external prompt separate from their phone, the ability to hear the reminder prompt from a separate room, multiple reminders, and verbal responses to prompts.

Conclusions

The findings of this feasibility study indicate that the MedBuddy medication reminder skill may be useful in promoting medication adherence. However, the skill could benefit from further usability enhancements.
Early Identification of COVID-19 Infection Using Remote Cardiorespiratory Monitoring: Three Case Reports
Authors: Polsky Michael , Moraveji Neema
Published: June 2021

Background

The adoption of remote patient monitoring (RPM) in routine medical care requires increased understanding of the physiologic changes accompanying disease development and the proactive interventions that will improve outcomes.

Objective

The aim of this study is to present three case reports that highlight the capability of RPM to enable early identification of viral infection with COVID-19 in patients with chronic respiratory disease.

Methods

Patients at a large pulmonary practice who were enrolled in a respiratory RPM program and who had contracted COVID-19 were identified. The RPM system (Spire Health) contains three components: (1) Health Tags (Spire Health), undergarment waistband-adhered physiologic monitors that include a respiratory rate sensor; (2) an app on a smartphone; and (3) a web dashboard for use by respiratory therapists. The physiologic data of 9 patients with COVID out of 1000 patients who were enrolled for monitoring were retrospectively reviewed, and 3 instances were identified where the RPM system had notified clinicians of physiologic deviation due to the viral infection.

Results

Physiologic deviations from respective patient baselines occurred during infection onset and, although the infection manifested differently in each case, were identified by the RPM system. In the first case, the patient was symptomatic; in the second case, the patient was presymptomatic; and in the third case, the patient varied from asymptomatic to mildly symptomatic.

Conclusions

RPM systems intended for long-term use and that use patient-specific baselines can highlight physiologic changes early in the course of acute disease, such as COVID-19 infection. These cases demonstrate opportunities for earlier diagnosis, treatment, and isolation. This study supports the need for further research into how RPM can be effectively integrated into clinical practice.
PRAGMATIC FUNCTIONS OF QUESTIONS FOUND IN THE TV SERIES THE OFFICE
Authors: Baihaqi Tiffani Rizki Putri , Hardjanto Tofan Dwi
Published: June 2021

Questions are always present in people’s lives as they are used in daily conversation, not only as a tool to initiate a conversation but also to keep that conversation alive and at the same time to gain information from the interlocutor. This research aims to investigate the syntactic forms of questions and their pragmatic functions found in a TV series entitled The Office Season 1 as the data source. The data used in the research were interrogative utterances, their answers, and the context of the conversation. The results show that 409 questions were found, consisting of 214 (52%) yes/no questions and 195 (48%) WH questions. What outnumbers the other question words with a total of 117 (60%) questions. These questions were used to serve 27 pragmatics functions, seeking the most frequent function, amounting to 140 questions or 34% of the whole data. The dominant use of the questions word what and the function seeking information might be due to the setting of the place where the conversation is held, that is, The Office.
New Woman as Seen in Bram Stoker’s Dracula
Authors: Winandhini Rheavanya , Jatmiko Rahmawan
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses the influence of feminism in the classic Victorian novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. The New Woman is a feminist ideal that appeared in the 19th century, more specifically amidst the rise of the first wave of feminism. The method of research used in this study covers close reading of the source material and analyzing the characters of the novel through the perspective of the New Woman ideals. The female characters in Bram Stoker’s Dracula portrayed the New Woman characteristic to some degree. Women’s independence, intellect, hyperfemininity, and hypersexuality, are some of the aspects of the movement that go against the norm and values of women in Victorian Britain, such as Mina’s “man’s brain” and Lucy’s hyperfemininity, while the Brides of Dracula provide contrast as the oppressed women with their submissive and compliant attitude towards him. Without erasing their representation of these New Woman ideals, Mina and Lucy also portrayed the complexity and dimensionality of being a woman in the Victorian era; their beauty and appeal were praised while their more “unwomanly” aspects present some threats towards men.
The Violation of Conversational Maxims in The Divergent Series
Authors: Pradani Adelia Fatmawati , Sembodo Thomas Joko Priyo
Published: June 2021

This research focuses on identifying the types of conversational maxims violated by the characters in a feature film trilogy entitled The Divergent Series. This research also aims to explain the functions of the violation of conversational maxims in the series. The result shows that there are 100 violations of conversational maxim in Divergent series, and among those, there are 43 violations of maxim of relevance (43%), which is the most frequently occurred in the movie. The second violation identified is the violation of maxim of manner, which reaches 24 violations (24%), and the third frequently occurring violation is violations of maxim of quantity with 22 numbers of violation (22%)/. The least occurring violation found in the movie is violation of  maxim of quality, which reaches 11 numbers of violation (11%). There are several functions of the violation of conversational maxim found in the movie: keeping a secret, concealing half of the information, avoiding certain topic/question, and confusing the hearer.
Effect of Environmental Factors on the Accuracy of a Quality Inspection System Based on Transfer Learning
Authors: Najah Ahmed , Mustafa Faiz F. , Hacham Wisam S.
Published: June 2021

في هذا البحث، تم تقديم دراسة حول تأثير عدة  عوامل بيئية على أداء نظام فحص الجودة الذي تم إنشاؤه مسبقا، والذي تم تصميمه باستخدام نهج التعلم بالنقل القائم على الشبكات العصبية التلافيفية. يتألف النظام من مجموعتين من الطبقات، مجموعة طبقات منقولة من نموذج مدرب مسبقا (DenseNet121) ومجموعة طبقات تصنيف خاصه. تم تصميمه للتمييز بين التروس الحلزونية التالفة وغير التالفة، وأظهر النموذج أداءً جيداً يميز بين المنتجين في ظروف مثالية لصور عالية الدقة.

ان الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الدراسة هو اختبار أداء نظام الفحص في الظروف السيئة من الأضاءة والخلفية والمسافة ودقة الكاميرا. أظهرت النتائج التجريبية بأن النظام كان قادرًا على إظهار دقة عالية أعلى من 90٪ في إعدادات سيئة للغاية وحوالي 99٪ في إعدادات جيدة، مما يضمن إمكانية إنشاء نظام فحص بأداء رائع بتكاليف منخفضة.
TRANZICIJA I NESTAJANJE RADNIČKE KLASE SRBIJE
Authors: Novakovic Nada
Published: June 2021

Tranzicija srpskog društva od real-socijalističkog sistema ka kapitalizmu traje tri decenije. Veliki broj istraživača ove pojave razlikuju dva potperioda. Prvi je od 1990. do 2000. godine, a drugi traje do danas. Sam pojam „tranzicija“ je višeznačan i višeslojan i još nema opšte sociološke teorije tranzicije. Izučavali su je ekonomisti, sociolozi, demografi, istoričari, politikolozi i drugi, U ovom radu koriste se rezultati njihovih istraživanja i druga relevantna statistička i iskustvena građa. Sociološki pristup društvenim promenama i procesima dezintegracije radničke klase polazi od pretpostavke da su one sistemski, strukturno tj. klasno determinisane. To se nastoji dokazati analizom karakteristika društva u tranziciji i najvažnijim pravcima raslojavanja radničke klase. Na kraju se zaključuje da su primenjeni model razvoja i reformi doveli do stvaranja društva na periferiji Evrope i kapitalističke privrede (Immnuel Wollerstein). Autor polazi od pretpostavke da su za to najvažniji procesi privatizacije, kojima se menjala osnova društvene strukture. Posledice su: rast nejednakosti, siromaštva, nezaposlenosti i stvaranje razmrvljene radničke klase, konfuzne empirijske klasne svesti i bez autentičnih sindikalnih i partijskih organizacija. U radu se uz metod analize i sinteze koristi i komparativni metod, što omogućava poređenje navedenih pojava u dužem periodu.
Comercialização de alimentos em food trucksna cidade de Natal (RN) sob a ótica da qualidade higienicossanitária
Authors:   Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil, Dantas de Carvalho Vilar Mariana , Claro Nabas Roseane ,   Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil, Moura Rolim Priscilla ,   Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil, Medeiros da Cunha Hildeberto ,   Vigilância Sanitária, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Natal, RN, Brasil, Maria Soares Matias de Almeida Lêda ,   Vigilância Sanitária, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Natal, RN, Brasil, Mont’Alverne Jucá Seabra Larissa ,   Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A comercialização de alimentos em food trucks (FT) representa importante papel no consumo de alimentos fora de casa e a qualidade dos alimentos ofertados por esse segmento deve ser assegurada visando preservar a saúde do consumidor. Objetivo: Avaliar a comercialização de alimentos em FT da cidade de Natal (RN), sob a ótica da qualidade higienicossanitária. Método: Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada realizada com auxílio de um formulário contendo itens relacionados às condições higienicossanitárias, ambientais e dados sociodemográficos dos manipuladores. As entrevistas foram realizadas em 28 FT, com o responsável pela manipulação no momento da coleta. Resultados: Os alimentos mais ofertados nos FT foram pratos prontos para consumo, sanduíches e salgados, no entanto, apenas 29% possuía equipamento para manutenção à quente. Todos os entrevistados relataram manipular os alimentos em cozinha auxiliar. A inexistência de pia para lavagem de mãos foi verificada em grande parte dos FT. Dos FT avaliados, 75% possuía reservatório de água próprio e a maioria dos entrevistados relatou destinar a água residual da produção na rua. Observou-se predominância de mulheres na manipulação de alimentos nos FT na hora da coleta de dados e 36% dos entrevistados relataram nunca terem participado de capacitação em boas práticas de manipulação. O trabalho no FT era a única fonte de renda para 64% dos entrevistados. Conclusões: Os dados obtidos demonstram necessidade de melhorias nas condições de comercialização de alimentos nos FT da zona sul de Natal. Ações voltadas para promoção da segurança de alimentos nesse segmento devem ser incentivadas.
Novos requisitos técnicos para rotulagem nutricional nos alimentos embalados: overviewde revisões
Authors:   Programa de Evidências para Políticas e Tecnologias em Saúde, Gerência Regional de Brasília, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Brasília, DF, Brasil, Estevas da Silva Pereira Ana Carolina , Rocha Gonçalves Mônica ,   Mestrado Profissional em Políticas Públicas em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tatiane Silva Erica ,   Programa de Evidências para Políticas e Tecnologias em Saúde, Gerência Regional de Brasília, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tavares Silva Elias Flavia ,   Programa de Evidências para Políticas e Tecnologias em Saúde, Gerência Regional de Brasília, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Brasília, DF, Brasil
Published: June 2021

Introdução: As preferências alimentares pessoais, as decisões de compra e os comportamentos alimentares são moldados pelo preço, marketing, disponibilidade e acessibilidade, os quais são influenciados por políticas e regulamentações sanitárias. A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) publicou em 2009 uma consulta pública da proposta de Instrução Normativa que estabelece os requisitos técnicos para declaração da rotulagem nutricional nos alimentos embalados. No entanto, o percurso pelo qual uma proposta de legislação passa a ser implementada é permeado por diversas possibilidades, estando sujeita a disputas por parte de grupos de interesse, como consumidores e empresas alimentícias. Objetivo: Realizar uma comparação entre os novos requisitos técnicos para declaração da rotulagem nutricional nos alimentos embalados com a literatura sobre a padronização de rotulagens de alimentos e os efeitos sobre a influência nas escolhas alimentares da população. Método: Foi conduzida um overview de revisões sistemáticas para realização de um estudo comparativo entre as evidências científicas e os novos requisitos técnicos para declaração da rotulagem nutricional propostos pela Anvisa. Resultados: Dos 99 estudos identificados, foram incluídas seis revisões sistemáticas, publicadas de 2011 a 2018. As revisões reportaram resultados positivos na apresentação de informações nutricionais nos rótulos dos alimentos, principalmente se tratando de escolhas saudáveis por parte dos consumidores. Baseados nesse desfecho, a regulação da Anvisa segue os padrões de rotulagem internacionais para que assim os consumidores possam ter mais informações, o que favorece a promoção de escolhas alimentares saudáveis. Conclusões: As consultas públicas sobre rotulagem nutricional de alimentos estão fundamentadas nas intervenções estudadas e nas evidências atuais, o que assegura confiabilidade para a tomada de decisão do Ministério da Saúde e da Anvisa.
As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e a COVID-19
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Controle de  Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação  Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/Fiocruz), Rio  de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Simões Villas Bôas Maria Helena
Published: June 2021

Desde nosso último editorial, os números relacionados à COVID-19 no Brasil se aceleraram de forma descontrolada. O número de mortes praticamente dobrou, porém, a transmissão tem dado sinais de desaceleração, mesmo que ainda em níveis muito elevados. Vários pesquisadores têm alertado para os riscos associados da COVID-19 com as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (diabetes, câncer, obesidade, hipertensão etc.), o que levou Horton1 a argumentar que não estamos diante de uma pandemia, e sim uma sindemia. ...leia mais!
Modeling and mitigation of cross-talk effects in readout noise with applications to the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Maciejewski Filip B. , Baccari Flavio , Zimborás Zoltán , Oszmaniec Michał
Published: June 2021

Measurement noise is one of the main sources of errors in currently available quantum devices based on superconducting qubits. At the same time, the complexity of its characterization and mitigation often exhibits exponential scaling with the system size. In this work, we introduce a correlated measurement noise model that can be efficiently described and characterized, and which admits effective noise-mitigation on the level of marginal probability distributions. Noise mitigation can be performed up to some error for which we derive upper bounds. Characterization of the model is done efficiently using Diagonal Detector Overlapping Tomography – a generalization of the recently introduced Quantum Overlapping Tomography to the problem of reconstruction of readout noise with restricted locality. The procedure allows to characterizek-local measurement cross-talk onN-qubit device usingO(k2klog(N))circuits containing random combinations of X and identity gates. We perform experiments on 15 (23) qubits using IBM's (Rigetti's) devices to test both the noise model and the error-mitigation scheme, and obtain an average reduction of errors by a factor>22(>5.5) compared to no mitigation. Interestingly, we find that correlations in the measurement noise do not correspond to the physical layout of the device. Furthermore, we study numerically the effects of readout noise on the performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). We observe in simulations that for numerous objective Hamiltonians, including random MAX-2-SAT instances and the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, the noise-mitigation improves the quality of the optimization. Finally, we provide arguments why in the course of QAOA optimization the estimates of the local energy (or cost) terms often behave like uncorrelated variables, which greatly reduces sampling complexity of the energy estimation compared to the pessimistic error analysis. We also show that similar effects are expected for Haar-random quantum states and states generated by shallow-depth random circuits.
NAVEGANDO NUVENS: NOTAS SOBRE A PRÁTICA DRAMATÚRGICA E OS PROCEDIMENTOS DE PREPARAÇÃO PARA A ESCRITA
Authors: Silva Camila Damasceno
Published: June 2021

Este texto apresenta-se como um apanhado de reflexões e questionamentos no campo da dramaturgia, com ênfase nos processos de criação coletivos nas artes da cena e nos procedimentos de preparação para escrita dramatúrgica – tema raramente abordado em textos que se debruçam sobre tal prática. Dividido em onze fragmentos, passa pelo diálogo com Antônio Gonçalves Júnior (Duran), André Lepecki, Eleonora Fabião e Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, afim de traçar caminhos possíveis para a prática dramatúrgica que não se limita à criação textual. Considerando aspectos caros à performatividade, traça implicações em um fazer artístico que se contrapõe às ideias fetichizadas envolvidas em todo espectro de profissões que lidam com práticas de escrita. Serão, ainda, relatados processos e procedimentos experimentados pela autora em sua prática dramatúrgica. Resultado preliminar de projeto de pesquisa que propõe uma análise de práticas de dramaturgia no contexto contemporâneo, as notas se apresentam como propostas de outros modos de estar, produzir, trabalhar e se relacionar com as pessoas e com as materialidades como necessárias à prática de dramaturgia - que não necessite negar o texto ou a produção textual e que seja composta em processo coletivo. Palavras-chaveCena. Dramaturgia. Preparação para a Escrita. Processo de Criação.
DANÇAS DE UM TEMPO: PEDAGOGIAS DA AUSÊNCIA EM MEIO À PANDEMIA
Authors: De Andrade Carolina Romano , Dos Santos Renata Fernandes , Banov Luiza Romani Ferreira
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta um caminho de organização de processos artístico-pedagógicos em dança realizados durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Essa proposição surge a partir das trocas estabelecidas entre cinco artistas/educadoras da dança. A dança, em viés educacional, é uma área do conhecimento que se relaciona com as experiências corporais, artísticas e estéticas que, até a pandemia, eram realizadas prioritariamente de maneira presencial. Com o agravamento da situação sanitária, as práticas artístico-pedagógicas precisaram com emergência ser adaptadas ao ensino remoto. A partir desse cenário, este artigo se propõe a oferecer possibilidades de aprendizagem da dança em caráter remoto e apontar pistas sobre o retorno presencial. Na introdução apresentamos o contexto do ensino remoto emergencial em relação às práticas de dança. Em seguida apresentamos três aspectos relacionados a uma aprendizagem em dança: um tempo da escuta, uma poética da distância e uma permanência no presente. Na última parte tecemos sentidos sobre a presença da dança e suas contribuições neste processo de reformulação artístico-pedagógica que exigiu reinvenções de todas as partes envolvidas: crianças, educadores e famílias. Palavras-chaveDança. Arte. Educação. Pandemia. Distância.
ARE THERE THINGS ONLY ARTISTS CAN DO? ARCHIVING THROUGH A TREADMILL
Authors: Felice Bonfim Carolina
Published: June 2021

This article seeks to share the methods and strategies of the practice-based research project Ninety movements on TECHNOGYM G6508D. The research dissects the act of running in all its dimensions by fragmenting, archiving, incorporating, and highlighting what is unique and personal in each gesture and each way of moving. Ninety movements is a continuation of Carolina Bonfim’s recent artistic practice, which explores the relationship between the body and the archive through a visual-arts approach. KeywordsArchive. Body. Embodiment. Methodology. Practice-based Research.
ROBERT WILSON: MÉTODO DE WORKSHOP
Authors: , Trad. de Marcia Berselli Maria Shevtsova , Abegg Trad. de Fernanda
Published: June 2021

Na primeira parte do capítulo Métodos, elementos e princípios, nomeada Método de Workshop, Maria Shevtsova apresenta o método de criação desenvolvido por Robert Wilson, particularmente a partir da utilização dos livros visuais. A partir de entrevistas com Wilson, a autora destaca a base de pensamento do trabalho do encenador, indicando a importância da linguagem gestual e do movimento de todos os elementos em suas criações. Através da descrição do trabalho de mesa [workshop table] e dos workshops com atores, a autora apresenta a equalização de todos os elementos presentes na encenação, aspecto fundamental no trabalho de Robert Wilson.
"NÃO HÁ NINGUÉM": VIOLÊNCIAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS E LUGARES DE FALA NA CENA PERFORMÁTICA
Authors: Fazzioni Mateus Junior , Berselli Marcia , Pereira Diego De Medeiros
Published: June 2021

O presente texto trata das ações artísticas realizadas no projeto “Violências contemporâneas e Criação em Ciclos: investigações de processos Colaborativos”, do Grupo de Pesquisa Laboratório de Criação - LACRI (CNPq/UFSM). Unindo professores e estudantes de teatro, o projeto propunha a criação, em modo colaborativo, de um acontecimento cênico a partir da temática “violências”. Dos laboratórios semanais, em que se investigava a estratégia de criação Cycles Repère, emergiu o trabalho “Não há ninguém” (2018). As reflexões que seguem intentam discutir, à luz das teorias sobre a cena performática, a construção de um discurso poético permeado de cotidianidade, das violências camufladas e institucionalizadas.
O SITE-SPECIFIC COMO DRAMATURGIA DO ESPETÁCULO
Authors: Silva José Jackson
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma questão que parece bastante sugestiva quando se investiga o teatro contemporâneo: é possível consideramos o espaço cênico como dramaturgia no teatro site-specific? A fim de considerar tal indagação, nos detemos sobre a encenação do espetáculo Rebola, concebido pelo coletivo cênico Teatro da Queda, traçando um paralelo com os conceitos de site-specific e seus principais fundamentos que, via de regra, problematizam a gênese da encenação.