bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A LINGUAGEM E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO REAL PELA CRIANÇA: CONTRAPONTOS ENTRE LEV S. VYGOTSKY E JEAN PIAGET
Authors: Souza Mériti de , Carvalho Diana Carvalho de
Published: January 2021

As teorias formuladas por Piaget e Vygotsky exerceram grande influência na formação de professores e debates sobre alfabetização, no Brasil, ao longo do século XX. Os contrapontos entre esses autores sobre a relação entre linguagem e construção do real pela criança é o foco do presente artigo, especialmente, no que diz respeito às diferenças entre desenvolvimento e aprendizagem e pensamento e linguagem. Compreende-se que a linguagem possibilita a comunicação com o outro e consigo mesmo, na medida em que viabiliza a materialização da nossa sensibilidade e a codificação e sistematização da realidade; a sua codificação passa, não só pelo domínio, mas, sobretudo, pela apreensão e recriação desse código linguístico.
ESCOLAS CHARTER, CONTRATOS DE GESTÃO E AVALIAÇÃO EXTERNA: O IDEB COMO CLÁUSULA CONTRATUAL
Authors: Nazareth Henrique
Published: January 2021

O artigo analisa uma proposta para educação goiana inspirada nas charter schools. O modelo charter, criado nos Estados Unidos da América, assume diferentes desenhos, tendo como características comuns a gestão privada com financiamento público. O Brasil, há décadas convive com políticas semelhantes de privatização, porém, recentemente o movimento pró-charter ganhou força, apresentando o modelo como inovador e exemplo a ser adotado. A proposta goiana se apresenta como capaz de melhorar o IDEB por meio da desburocratização e privatização da gestão, por isso o objetivo do artigo é analisar o papel da avaliação externa no programa. A avaliação externa tem sido um pilar importante nas políticas públicas educacionais recentes. Mais do que avaliar redes de ensino para subsidiar a formulação de políticas, os indicadores de resultados são ferramentas estratégicas do discurso que relaciona qualidade da educação aos resultados dos exames. No caso dos contratos de gestão, os índices de proficiência transformam-se em cláusulas contratuais, aprofundam a responsabilização e servem de justificativa para a adoção do programa. A principal questão que conduziu os caminhos da pesquisa foi: de que maneiras a associação entre avaliação externa e contratos de gestão podem contribuir para o aprofundamento da responsabilização das escolas por seus resultados? Partindo da pergunta foi realizada uma análise documental dos editais e minutas de contratos, que apontam que o programa poderia representar um aprofundamento da responsabilização via avaliação externa, com a gestão escolar e o trabalho docente mais orientados para resultados.

Palavras-chave: Escola charter; Público e privado na educação; Avaliação externa; Organizações sociais e educação; responsabilização.
APROXIMAÇÕES E REFLEXÕES DIANTE DA “PEDAGOGIA DO VÍRUS”
Authors: Lopes Isabela Pereira
Published: January 2021

RESENHA DO LIVRO “A CRUEL PEDAGOGIA DO VÍRUS”. PORTUGAL: EDIÇÕES ALMEDINA, 2020, DE BOAVENTURA DE SOUSA SANTOS.
REFLEXÕES PEDAGÓGICAS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: ANÁLISE DO PARECER 05/2020
Authors: Mascarenhas Aline Daiane Nunes , Franco Amelia do Rosário Santoro
Published: January 2021

O contexto da pandemia no cenário atual e a recente recomendação do Parecer CNE 05/2020 realiza um convite à Pedagogia enquanto campo de conhecimento dos fenômenos educativos a uma importante reflexão: que intencionalidades pedagógicas estão presentes no parecer CNE 05/2020 ao regulamentar a atividade não presencial em tempos de pandemia? Esse estudo realiza uma análise do cenário atual, a partir de uma investigação documental do Parecer CNE 05/2020 aprovado como uma diretriz legal que reorganiza o calendário escolar mediante o ensino remoto com atividades não presenciais, em razão da Pandemia da COVID-19. Após análise crítico-interpretativa constata-se que o parecer está alicerçado num princípio educativo formal-tecnicista de cumprimento das 800 horas curriculares; desconsidera as desigualdades sociais e tecnológicas presentes no território brasileiro, comete uma injustiça cognitiva, constituindo-se como uma proposta elitista, discriminatória e perversa aos alunos da escola pública.
Palavras-chave: prática pedagógica; ensino remoto; Parecer 05/2020
EDUCAÇÃO NO ENSINO SUPERIOR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Rafael Santos de Cerqueira Bruno
Published: January 2021

Em meio à pandemia de COVID-19, as universidades federais brasileiras vêm buscando uma solução para o ensino não presencial. A Universidade Federal do ABC foi uma das primeiras instituições a implementar um regime remoto de ensino. O objetivo desse relato de experiência é refletir sobre esse processo de implementação, enquanto docente do ensino superior. Durante a disciplina, ministrada de forma não presencial, três elementos surgiram como obstáculos: a baixa interação, o tempo, e as questões socioemocionais. Esses aspectos tiveram grande influencia no andamento do trabalho, de modo que fizeram emergir aspectos que pontuo como aprendizados para as propostas de ensino que estão sendo elaboradas em tempos de pandemia, são eles: a garantia de inclusão dos alunos, o suporte psicológico à comunidade universitária, a expansão das disciplinas para além dos conteúdos conceituais e o oferecimento de tempo suficiente para a elaboração de propostas que garantam a qualidade de ensino para todos.
IMPLICAÇÕES DAS AVALIAÇÕES EM LARGA ESCALA NAS ESCOLAS DE EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Professor Olhar de , Machado Cristiane , Pereira Aline Gabriele
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados de estudo de revisão bibliográfica que teve o objetivo de analisar as implicações das avaliações em larga escala nas escolas de educação básica. Foram selecionados 12 artigos em um levantamento, realizado no Portal de Periódicos da Capes, que localizou 118 artigos. Concluiu-se que evidências da centralidade da avaliação em larga escala no cotidiano escolar podem ser notadas, dentre outras, por iniciativas pedagógicas de treino dos alunos para as provas, pela intensificação do trabalho docente e imposição às escolas de responsabilização dos seus resultados, pela ocultação das desigualdades educacionais produzidas pelos contrastes econômicos e sociais próprios da histórica ocupação territorial desordenada dos municípios brasileiros e pelo processos de exclusão de alunos de inclusão.
QUAIS OS REFLEXOS DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 SOBRE OS HÁBITOS DE LIMPEZA E HIGIENIZAÇÃO?
Authors: Moura Nery Gleydson Kleyton , Silva Lopes Wilza , de Araujo Souza Luize Frances , França Nery Janiele
Published: January 2021

RESUMO: Com a emergência do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) e seu enorme potencial de contaminação tão como a inexistência medicamentos eficientes, recomendações foram adotadas pela população mundial (ex. distanciamento e isolamento social, uso de máscara e práticas de higiene rigorosas). A pandemia ofereceu inúmeros desafios com impactos diretos e indiretos não só a saúde como também ao meio ambiente, sendo necessário analisar as mudanças e consequências dos novos hábitos nesta nova realidade. Desta forma, nosso estudo visa avaliar a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 nas práticas de limpeza e higiene da população da cidade de Campina Grande, assim como discutir os principais impactos sobre o meio ambiente. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Campina Grande, polo tecnológico do estado da Paraíba, no período de junho a julho de 2020 com uso de formulário digital da plataforma Google Forms (Alphabet Co., Mountain View, CA) buscando identificar o perfil socioespacial e mudanças nos hábitos de limpeza e higiene. Com isso, um total de 217 pessoas distribuídos em 77% dos bairros participação da pesquisa, onde identificamos mudanças abruptas nos hábitos de limpeza como o uso excessivo e incorreto de saneantes e a adição de novos hábitos higiene como o aumento na frequência do uso de álcool, aumento na frequência de lavagem das mãos e adoção de máscaras faciais e outros EPI’s. Também foi possível identificar que mesmo diante o isolamento social a população consegue perceber que há efeitos deletérios ao meio ambiente, principalmente no que se diz ao uso excessivo de produtos de limpeza. Em resumo, podemos afirmar que ainda que haja medidas de combate e prevenção veiculadas por especialistas é possível observar incongruências nas ações de limpeza do ambiente tão como na higiene pessoal, promovendo inúmeros riscos à saúde física e psicológica da população e respectivos impactos ao meio ambiente durante o surto de COVID-19.
POLÍTICAS HABITACIONAIS EM GOIÁS
Authors: Neves Pinto Lucélia , Oliveira de Lima Leandro , Borges Ronan Eustáquio
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho apresenta elementos para a compreensão do desenvolvimento da política habitacional em Goiás, aspecto relevante da realidade urbana e social, visto que o morar é algo tão imprescindível quanto aqueles relacionados, por exemplo, com as questões de saúde. Deste ângulo, a moradia é um produto eminentemente social. Por outro lado, mesmo com a diversidade de tipos de habitação, sempre é preciso morar, dado que ninguém vive sem ocupar espaço, sobretudo este espaço que carrega em si a representação da segurança diária.  Por esse viés, a moradia assume aspecto relacionado às políticas do desenvolvimento urbano. A política pública para a habitação em Goiás sempre esteve atrelada aos condicionantes da política nacional, mesmo quando, na década de 1980, foram desenvolvidos programas estaduais de habitação, uma vez que estes nasceram na esteira da crise da política pública habitacional nacional, expressa pelo programa do Banco Nacional da Habitação (BNH), extinto em 1986. Até a década de 1970, as iniciativas foram muito pontuais, restringindo mais à Goiânia, com iniciativas dos IAPs e FCP ou de particulares com a construção de casas operárias. Em 1974, com a implantação do PLANHAP em Goiás, há um alinhamento com a política nacional para a habitação, o que levou à construção de conjuntos habitacionais pelo estado, seguindo o modelo do BNH. No início da década de 1980, o Programa Mutirão da Moradia surge como uma alternativa para a política habitacional goiana, em face da crise vivenciada pelo BNH. Este programa de governo iniciou um período no qual o protagonismo estadual se destacou até 2003, quando o governo federal lançou a Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Urbano (PNDU), com a instituição do Conselho das Cidades (ConCidades), criando a Política Nacional de Habitação (PNH), que passou a operar pelo Sistema Nacional de Habitação (SNH). Deste modo, o governo estadual procurou se alinhar à política nacional, passando os programas da política habitacional de Goiás a serem executados em parceria com os novos programas federais.
PERFIL DOS USUÁRIOS DE UM SERVIÇO DE ATENDIMENTO ESPECIALIZADO EM HIV/AIDS
Authors: Lemos Cristiane , Nunes Maria de Fátima , Martins Silveira Jane
Published: January 2021

Resumo: O Serviço de Atenção Especializada (SAE) é uma importante estratégia do Ministério da Saúde para o tratamento das pessoas que vivem com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana - HIV/ Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida - Aids  visa a redução da morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas à Aids no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer e descrever o perfil dos usuários com o diagnóstico para HIV/Aids, que deram entrada no SAE/Goiânia, no ano de 2016. Método: No total de sujeitos do estudo, 168 (92,3%) eram do sexo masculino 126(69,3%) tinham entre 20 a 34 anos de idade; 55 (30,2%) possuíam ensino médio completo. Um pouco mais da metade dos usuários 92 (50,5%) declararam a relação sexual como via de contágio do HIV. A taxa  de usuários em tratamento com terapia antirretroviral (TARV) foi de 161 (88,5%) . Concluiu-se que a maioria dos usuários do SAE/ Goiânia com HIV/Aids, em 2016, eram homens, com ensino médio completo, adultos jovens e que tiveram a via sexual como principal via de contágio do HIV. A taxa de usuários em tratamento com terapia antirretroviral foi de 95,6% (174) houve abandono de 4,7% (8 usuários) A diferença mais significativa apresentada foi na variável sexo onde a supressão viral atingiu 92,3%, entre as mulheres em tratamento com a TARV e apenas 57,4% dos homens tiveram sua carga viral indetectável. O perfil dos usuários do SAE/Goiânia, apresentou dados similares aos do município, estado e país. As informações obtidas contribuem para identificar a necessidade de implantar um sistema de monitoramento permanente l para o atendimento dos usuários do SAE com vistas a aperfeiçoar a assistência as PVHA. Este estudo visa contribuir com o planejamento das ações assistenciais desenvolvidas pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde para o monitoramento  e embasar as futuras intervenções.
“A Seething Cauldron”
Authors: Ennis Ron W.
Published: January 2021

Are macroeconomic indicators a predictive measure for union organizing? The year 2021 marks the eightieth anniversary of the 1941 Bethlehem Steel strike and its steelworker history suggests that declining unemployment rates and rising stock markets have little correlation to labor organizing. Sixty years of shop floor protests leading up to 1941 demonstrated that local factors, such as unjust dismissals, excessive hours, or the company's defiance of labor board rulings, drove union campaigns at the South Bethlehem plant. Finally, the success of the campaigns grew in proportion to government support for labor. Steelworker history of one of the twentieth century's most powerful corporations sheds light on organized labor's prospects heading into the mid-twenty-first century.
Read All Over
Authors: Gavigan Ian Noah
Published: January 2021

“Read All Over” offers fresh insights into the history of the Socialist Party movement in Pennsylvania by focusing on the Labor Advocate, the major socialist-labor newspaper based in Reading. Its news coverage and behind-the-scenes operations are examined, showing how the weekly shaped the most vibrant period of SP activity in Pennsylvania. From 1927 to 1936, the Labor Advocate helped socialists organize and sustain a viable party, both in Reading and beyond city limits, even as the national party waned. Also analyzed are the Advocate's never-before-studied organizational documents. This approach reveals numerous insights into the paper's social and political importance as a source of news, a community hub, and an institution that grounded an ambitious labor movement.
¿Es el bienestar subjetivo hedónico y eudamónico una distinción válida para Chile?
Authors: Baquedano-Rodríguez Marjorie Andrea , Rosas-Muñoz Juan
Published: January 2021

Los estudios sobre bienestar subjetivo (BS) en Chile se han focalizado principalmente en la dimensión hedónica, asumiendo que declararse satisfecho y feliz con la vida son indicadores suficientes de bienestar personal. No obstante, la dimensión eudamónica, asociada a un bienestar psicológico global, necesita mayor exploración. Además, los estudios carecen de un análisis temporal del BS. Utilizando la Encuesta Mundial de Valores desde 1990 a 2014, en este artículo se evalúa si ambas dimensiones son constructos diferenciados y correlacionados del BS en Chile y sus variaciones en el tiempo. Mediante el método de ecuación estructural, dos modelos son desarrollados. Primero, el BS como constructo multidimensional explicado por cuatro indicadores: satisfacción con la vida (SATISF), felicidad (FELIZ), libertad para escoger y controlar la vida (LIBERT), y tener un propósito y significado en la vida (PROP). Luego, se examina la existencia de la dimensión hedónica (SATISF y FELIZ) y eudamónica (LIBERT y PROP) como componentes diferenciados y correlacionados del BS. Se encontró que los cuatro indicadores explican significativamente el BS como constructo multidimensional. Lo hedónico y eudamónico son dimensiones correlacionadas y diferenciadas del BS, sin embargo lo eudamónico es más importante para comprender el BS y es más estable en el tiempo que lo hedónico.
Diferencias fenotípicas ante la devaluación y omisión de una recompensa esperada
Authors: Serafini Matias , Ifran María Celeste , Kamenetzky Giselle , Cuenya Lucas
Published: January 2021

La frustración es una respuesta comportamental, emocional y neurobiológica concomitante a la discrepancia negativa entre el refuerzo esperado y el obtenido, ya sea por la devaluación u omisión del incentivo. Los modelos animales y la comparación de cepas endocriadas han permitido estudiar la contribución de los factores genéticos a la expresión de diferencias fenotípicas en tales situaciones. El objetivo consistió en comparar cepas que difieren en su comportamiento emocional ante la devaluación (Exp 1) y omisión (Exp 2) de un refuerzo: las ratas espontáneamente hipertensas (SHR) y normotensas Wistar Kyoto (WKY). En ambos experimentos se halló que las SHR realizaron significativamente más respuestas de ingesta durante la fase de adquisición. En la fase de prueba del Exp 1, se observó una recuperación enlentecida de su respuesta. En el Exp 2 no se observaron diferencias entre cepas. La cepa emocionalmente más reactiva (SHR) no difirió con respecto a su control (WKY) en la reacción inicial ante la devaluación del refuerzo, pero mostró una recuperación enlentecida. Estos datos son congruentes con la literatura que sugiere que, ante la devaluación del incentivo, las diferencias fenotípicas se expresan con mayor facilidad en la recuperación de la respuesta (frustración secundaria).
Preferencias aculturativas y su relación con la sensibilidad intercultural y el bienestar
Authors: Martínez-Zelaya Gonzalo Pedro , Mera-Lemp María José , Bilbao Marian
Published: January 2021

La migración, desde una perspectiva psicosocial, es concebida como un proceso que moviliza cambios sociocognitivos y culturales bidireccionales, tanto desde procesos de ajuste de la sociedad receptora como de la población extranjera. De acuerdo con el Modelo Interactivo de Aculturación de Bourhis y colaboradores (1997), las preferencias de aculturación de los miembros de las comunidades receptoras determinan en gran medida la calidad de las relaciones e intercambios que se establecen con los grupos migrantes, delimitando el grado y tipo de participación que se les permite dentro de la sociedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar la variabilidad de cada una de las preferencias aculturativas de miembros de la sociedad receptora mediante dimensiones del bienestar y la sensibilidad intercultural. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 255 estudiantes universitarios y sus familias que habitan en Santiago, donde el porcentaje de mujeres y de 68,2% y de hombres de 31,8%. Las edades fluctuaron entre los 18 y 75 años. Los resultados muestran relaciones entre las distintas preferencias aculturativas, el bienestar y las dimensiones de la sensibilidad intercultural. Finalmente, las preferencias aculturativas de la sociedad receptora están influidas por variables individuales que pueden ser entrenadas como la sensibilidad intercultural y distintas dimensiones del bienestar.
Mapping Global Research on International Financial Reporting Standards: A Scientometric Review
Authors: Pasko Oleh , Hordiyenko Mykola , Chen Fuli , Tkal Yarmila , Abraham Yulia
Published: January 2021

For the purpose to provide scholars with a more quantifiable and visualized snapshot of the realm of IFRS research (lingua franca in global business today) we conducted a scientometric review of 973 articles related to the issue published during the period from 2009 to 2020 and indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection. The findings show that the number of related articles has been increasing year by year. The global research on IFRS has been produced chiefly in the USA, England, Australia, China and Germany which not only generated majority of the high-yielding research institutions as well as productive authors but also countries of origins most of the prolific journals. Among the innumerable subject matters debated in these selected papers key are earnings management, information disclosure quality, accounting standards, the impact of IFRS, value relevance, and IFRS adoption. Since 2009, IFRS research bursts can be divided into three stages: 1) the period from 2009 to 2011 - mainly focused on the discussion of the concepts of IAS and IFRS; 2) the period from 2012 to 2014 turned to the theoretical level, and 3) from 2016 to 2020 when the research focused on the practical level. This scientometric review would complement and enrich existing literature by incorporating a quantitative perspective into it.
Five Years of Inflation Targeting Without Economic Growth: What Should Be Changed? The Case of Russia
Authors: Gasanov Oscar
Published: January 2021

The article provides a review of approaches to assessing and analyzing the effectiveness of the interest rate and exchange rate policy of the Bank of Russia in the period 2015-2019. Despite the decrease in the rate of price growth, inflationary expectations of economic agents remain at a high level. Monetary policy continues to be tight. The stability of the exchange rate to external shocks, expected from the introduction of inflation targeting and a free floating rate, did not happen. The complex of conditions that have developed due to geopolitical factors, low growth rates and the global economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic require the search for new targets, such as economic growth and exchange rate stability. To maintain the stability of the ruble exchange rate, it is recommended to sell foreign exchange reserves accumulated according to the "Budget rule" in an equivalent amount; to support the liquidity of banks during periods of an attack on the ruble, it should through foreign exchange REPO, and develop a derivatives market.
The Effect of Net Income and Other Comprehensive Income on Future’s Comprehensive Income With Attribution of Comprehensive Income as Moderating Variable
Authors: Kusuma Marhaendra , Zuhroh Diana , Assih Prihat , Chandrarin Grahita
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of net income and other comprehensive income on the total of future’s comprehensive income with attribution of earning as a moderating variable. It also tests whether comprehensive income is more persistent than Net Income and whether re-measurement of the defined program is the highest predictive power for future CIs. The dependent variable was Comprehensive Incomet+1, and the independent variables were Net Income and Other Comprehensive Income. Data sources were financial statements 2014-2018 of 367 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The empirical evidence were 1).Net income and other comprehensive income can predict future comprehensive income, 2). The CI attribution can improve the ability of NI and OCI in predicting future CI. 3). Net income is more persistent than other comprehensive income, 4). The defined program is the highest predictive power for future CIs.
mHealth and Health Care Service Delivery in Africa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Egede Austin Eze , Ikechukwu Ilo Cajetan , Ikechukwu-Nwobodo Maryjane , Amaka Nnaji Tessy , Anaba Rita Ihuoma , Nwimo Ignatius Obilor , Elom Nwamaka A. , Ezugwu Uchenna A. , Ezugwu Lazarus Eneje , Nkwoka Ifeanyi Jude
Published: January 2021

We conducted a systematic review of studies on mHealth and health care services delivery that were carried out within Africa. Our search process was through MEDLINE, and then on PubMed, we searched key terms based on various keywords: “Whatsapp, health, Africa, Text messages, health impact, Africa, mHealth tools, Africa”. This was done in December of 2018. Only English written articles from journals indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Science Citation Index were incorporated in this review. In line with our inclusion criteria, only a total of 19 out of 155 studies were relevant. Inferences from these studies showed that mHealth tools are speedy and quality means for health care delivery in Africa. We also found out that there is less usage of internet devices in Africa as suspected. There is a serious need for improvement in the use of other online based mHealth tools as it was found that the use of Short Messaging Service (SMS) has been the nearly the sole mHealth intervention utilized in Africa. This, it is believed would foster better wider intervention and implementation of quality health outcomes in Africa, and other low and middle-income regions of the world.
Alcohol Consumption Behavior among Undergraduate Students in Thailand: Development of a New Causal Relationship Model
Authors: Boonchuaythanasit Karuntharat , Ponrachom Chakkrit , Cardinal Bradley J.
Published: January 2021

Alcohol consumption among undergraduate students in Thailand is problematic. The aim of this study was to deepen our understanding of this problem by developing a causal relationship model for the alcohol consumption behavior of undergraduate students in Thailand, and to verify the model’s concordance with empirical data. Four latent variables were considered: alcohol consumption behavior, alcohol expectancy, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and health literacy. Participants included representative 1st – 5th year undergraduate students at the Thailand National Sports University, with 600 students being selected using stratified random sampling procedures. The descriptive statistics and the causal relationship model were analyzed using LISREL 8.80. The model developed was in good agreement with the empirical data (c2=228.66, df = 79, p > 0.05 , c2/df=2.894, SRMR =0.07, RMSEA =0.06, CFI =0.99, and RFI =0.98), with all computed indices passing the stipulated criteria. On the basis of the coefficients of determination in the structural equation model, alcohol expectancy, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and health literacy together accounted for 80% of the variance in the student’s alcohol consumption behavior. These theoretically based causal factors provide new directions for future intervention work aimed at modifying the alcohol consumption behaviors of undergraduate students at the Thailand National Sports University. This can be accomplished by developing activities that are suitable and contextually sensitive to their needs.
Naar een nieuwe invulling van de kringenleer in de jaarrekeningprocedure
Authors: Hanegraaf C.E.J.M.
Published: January 2021

Naar een nieuwe invulling van de kringenleer in de jaarrekeningprocedure

De wetgever heeft de invulling van het begrip ‘belanghebbende’ in de jaarrekeningprocedure aan de rechtspraak overgelaten. Datzelfde geldt voor andere verzoekschriftprocedures waarbij rechtspersonen betrokken zijn. In de rechtspraak is het onderscheid ontwikkeld tussen twee kringen van belanghebbenden. A-G Timmerman stelt in een recente conclusie voor aan de kringenleer in de jaarrekeningprocedure dezelfde invulling te geven als aan de kringenleer zoals die ontwikkeld is buiten de jaarrekeningprocedure. De auteur gaat in op het voorstel van Timmerman.
Development of Air Pollutants Emission Inventories for Ships around Japan on a High Geographical Resolution
Authors: Sakurai Tatsuya , Ito Miu , Hanayama Shinichi
Published: January 2021

This study developed a database of emission inventories from ships around Japan using the activity data in the 2015 Japanese fiscal year. The emission of air pollutants from ships was estimated for fuel combustion in main engine, auxiliary engines, and boilers onboard. The ships’ operations for the emission estimation in the exhaust gas consist of ships in navigation, ships at anchor, and fishing boats. For the emission estimation regarding navigation ships, data from Automatic Identification System (AIS) received at the stationary stations on land in Japan were used in this study to calculate the activity. The emission amounts were compared between the sea (Seto Inland Sea (SIS) and Tokyo Bay) and prefectures surrounding those ocean areas. The ship emission ratios in total anthropogenic emissions including the land part reached SO2: 29%, PM: 40%, and NOx: 22% for the SIS area. In Tokyo Bay, the ship emission ratios in total reached SO2: 36%, PM: 28%, and NOx: 13%, and the emission intensities per unit area for SO2 and PM2.5 are approximately three times higher than those in the other regions, respectively. Therefore, the shipping traffic density is relatively higher compared to transportation on land, and the emission is condensed locally. Assuming that the 2020 global sulphur limit switched to a sulphur content of 0.50% m/m, SO2 emissions could be reduced to 24% in SIS and 22% in Tokyo Bay, sulphate emissions could be reduced to 23% in SIS and 21% in Tokyo Bay, and PM emissions could be reduced to 39% in SIS and 36% in Tokyo Bay. Therefore, the 2020 global sulphur limit should reduce the emission from ships around the Japan coastal area and improve the air quality in congested water areas such as SIS and Tokyo Bay.
Problematyka projektowania budynków przedszkoli ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów ekologiczno-energetycznych.
Projekt energoefektywnego przedszkola
w Michałowicach Cz. 1.
Authors: Starzyk Agnieszka , Marchwiński Janusz
Published: January 2021

Współczesna architektura przedszkolna jest wynikiem blisko dwuwiecznej ewolucji założeń funkcjonalno-przestrzennych oraz zmiennych trendów architektonicznych. Celem badawczym było określenie możliwości synergicznego kształtowania architektury przedszkolnej z uwzględnieniem zarówno współczesnych oczekiwań formalnych i funkcjonalnych oraz wymagań techniczno-budowlanych, jak i szeroko rozumianych rozwiązań proekologicznych. Podstawą wniosków były badania przeprowadzone w oparciu o projekt architektoniczno-koncepcyjny energoefektywnego przedszkola
w Michałowicach. Wyniki badań pozwo-
liły na wyciągnięcie wniosku: wymagania formalne, funkcjonalno-przestrzenne i techniczno-budowlane budynków o tym przeznaczeniu nie stoją zasadniczo w opozycji do zasad kształtowania architektury proekologicznej
i energooszczędnej.
Okresowe oceny stanu technicznego elewacji budynków
Cz. 8. Elewacje wentylowane
z płyt włóknisto-cementowych
Authors: Runkiewicz Leonard , Kopyłow Ołeksij , Sieczkowski Jan
Published: January 2021

Elewacje wentylowane z płyt
włóknisto-cementowych należą do najczęściej
spotykanych rozwiązań wśród elewacji
wentylowanych. Podobnie jak inne elewacje
wentylowane, omawiany typ składa się
z podkonstrukcji (rusztu), izolacji termicznej,
szczeliny wentylacyjnej i okładziny z płyt
włóknisto-cementowych. Elewacje wentylowane
z okładzinami z włóknocementu są bardzo
wrażliwe na błędy projektowe oraz wykonawcze.
Poza tym wymagają przeprowadzania
kontroli okresowych stanu technicznego
w celu wykrycia na wczesnych etapach
wszystkich anomalii oraz uszkodzeń, które
mogą spowodować przyspieszone degradacje
systemów elewacyjnych.
W artykule przedstawiono zasady przeprowadzania
ocen okresowych elewacji wentylowanych
z okładzinami włóknisto-cementowymi,
a także podstawowy zakres czynności pozwalających określić ich stan techniczny. Opisano
również metody eksperckie pozwalające
na diagnozowanie omawianych systemów
elewacyjnych.
Ekonomia cyrkularna jako zrównoważony, odpowiedzialny proces wyrażony
w architekturze i projektowaniu produktu cz. 2.
Authors: Lorens Anna
Published: January 2021

Artykuł jest drugą częścią serii esejów poświęconych różnym sposobom wdrażania idei gospodarki obiegu zamkniętego w architekturze i projektowaniu, pojmowanych jako dziedziny interdyscyplinarne, które współcześnie mogą się przenikać. Filozofia ekonomii obiegu zamkniętego ma głębokie korzenie historyczne i filozoficzne. Trwałe, fundamentalne powiązanie architektury ze środowiskiem naturalnym istniało odwiecznie, od Stonehenge przez antyczne świątynie po współczesne budynki działające jak systemy współgrające z naturą. Od momentu,
w którym architekci zaczęli projektować w oderwaniu od środowiska naturalnego i bez względu
na jego uwarunkowania, pojawiła się też jednak
destrukcyjna dla krajobrazu rola architektury.
Celem artykułu jest zarysowanie aktualnych
trendów we wdrażaniu idei gospodarki
o obiegu zamkniętym w obliczu globalnych
zmian i inicjatyw obecnie, w oparciu o debatę
(London Design Festival, 10.2020, Circular
Economy in Design) i myślenie we współczesnym
projektowaniu. Dziś bardziej niż kiedykolwiek
krajobraz stanowi wartościowe oraz najcenniejsze
dziedzictwo, które architektura i design
powinny wzmacniać, tak, żeby ochronić je
w szerszej perspektywie dla dobra przyszłych
pokoleń. Cykl funkcjonowania obiektu powinien
być w myśl takiego podejścia przewidziany w
zależności od trwałości surowca, a jego struktura
powinna być opracowana tak, by miała swoje
odniesienie do uwarunkowań lokalizacji. Architekturę
kształtować powinien już nie tyle kontekst,
co uwarunkowania.
The Case of the Missing Anastasis. An iconographical conundrum in the presbytery of S. Maria Antiqua
Authors: Nordhagen Per Jonas , Folgerø Per Olav
Published: January 2021

In the present contribution, two authors approach a limited part of the iconography in the sanctuary of Santa Maria Antiqua in Rome, painted during the pontificate of John VII (705-707 AD). Two different hypotheses will try to come closer to a solution of a problem concerning the Christ cycle on the sanctuary side walls, where Christ’s appearance to the Disciples on the Road to Emmaus is the concluding motif. This rather reasonable solution stands, however, in huge contrast to John’s Christ cycle in his oratory in Old Saint Peter’s Basilica which concludes with the ʽHarrowing of Hellʼ or Christ’s descent into Hades. Being a novelty, this, so called Anastasis-scene, where Christ liberates the prisoners of Hades, has a strong soteriological, or salvation historical, meaning. Anastasis, which, in fact, appears in two different locations in John’s rich assembly of motifs in S. Maria Antiqua, is wholly absent from the highly ʽcerebralʼ sanctuary iconography. Our two alternative solutions to this absence both include an Anastasis, either as a free hanging icon (Nordhagen), or as a motif included in the vast Adoration scene on the triumphal arch, here located below the Crucifixion on the steep Cliff of Golgotha (Folgerø).
Morpho-Physiological Mechanisms of Maize for Drought Tolerance
Authors: Sayeed Md. Hasibuzzaman Abu , Akter Farzana , Ara Bagum Shamim , Hossain Nilima , Akter Tahmina , Uddin M. Shalim
Published: January 2021

Maize is one of the mostly consumed grains in the world. It possesses a greater potentiality of being an alternative to rice and wheat in the near future. In field condition, maize encounters abiotic stresses like salinity, drought, water logging, cold, heat, etc. Physiology and production of maize are largely affected by drought. Drought has become a prime cause of agricultural disaster because of the major occurrence records of the last few decades. It leads to immense losses in plant growth (plant height and stem), water relations (relative water content), gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate), and nutrient levels in maize. To mitigate the effect of stress, plant retreats by using multiple morphological, molecular, and physiological mechanisms. Maize alters its physiological processes like photosynthesis, oxidoreductase activities, carbohydrate metabolism, nutrient metabolism, and other drought-responsive pathways in response to drought. Synthesis of some chemicals like proline, abscisic acid (ABA), different phenolic compounds, etc. helps to fight against stress. Inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can result to the gene expression involved in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid which also helps to resist drought. Moreover, adaptation to drought and heat stress is positively influenced by the activity of chaperone proteins and proteases, protein that responds to ethylene and ripening. Some modifications generated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 are able to improve maize yield in drought. Forward and reverse genetics and functional and comparative genomics are being implemented now to overcome stress conditions like drought. Maize response to drought is a multifarious physiological and biochemical process. Applying data synthesis approach, this study aims toward better demonstration of its consequences to provide critical information on maize tolerance along with minimizing yield loss.
The Impact of Changing Climate on the Cambial Activity during Radial Growth in Some Citrus Species
Authors: Ahmad Khan Moin , Badruzzaman Siddiqui M.
Published: January 2021

This study on radial growth in the stem of Citrus was carried out with an aim to notice the behavior of vascular cambium with respect to climatic and age effects. The fusiform initials vary in length from 137 to 363 μm in C. limon, 100 to 463 μm in C. paradisi, 137 to 413 μm in C. reticulata var. kinnow, and 137 to 375 μm in C. sinensis. The length rises with age, followed by decline and then again increase in C. limon. In C. paradisi, there is increase up to maximum and after decline is soon followed by constancy. In C. reticulata var. kinnow, increase in length from top to base in C. sinensis, increase up to maximum followed by a decline. Swelling of cambial cells occurs in the third week of March in C. limon, last week of March in C. paradisi, third week of April in C. reticulata var. kinnow, and second week of April in C. sinensis. The cambium turns dormant in early October in C. limon, late December in C. paradisi, early December in C. reticulata var. kinnow, and early November in C. sinensis. Thus, the cambium remains active for about 6 months in C. limon and C. sinensis, 9 months in C. paradisi, and 7 months in C. reticulata var. kinnow.
Synthesis and Applications of Organic-Based Fluorescent Carbon Dots: Technical Review
Authors: Yahaya Pudza Musa , Z. Abidin Zurina
Published: January 2021

New ways of synthesizing organic-based fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are required in environmental application. This is crucial for mitigation and control of pollutants without increasing the risk of releasing byproduct pollutants as the case with non-organic (metallic) quantum based substrate. Notably, this study provides current research on sustainable synthesis of CDs and their applications through analytical concept of recent and advance techniques for efficient and optimized processes. New scrutinized methods of synthesis and applications of CDs are beneficial and essential to optimize the state-of-art practices. The value distilled in this study adds to the field of sustainable production and application of CDs.
Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae Serotype 61:k:1:5:(7) a Host Adapted to Sheep
Authors: Rubira Inés , Pedro Figueras Luis , Calasanz Jiménez José , Ruiz de Arcaute Marta , Ruiz Héctor , Antonio Ventura José , Lacasta Delia
Published: January 2021

Salmonella genus is widely distributed in nature and causes a spectrum of diseases in man and animals. Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae serotype 61: k: 1,5, (7) (SED) is a host adapted to sheep and its presence as saprophytic bacteria in sheep has been described in different countries. Several studies performed in abattoirs reported the presence of SED in healthy sheep in the intestinal content and also in the respiratory tract. In addition, this microorganism has also been isolated from nostril and faecal samples in healthy live animals. For this reason, this microorganism is considered well adapted to sheep, behaving normally these animals as asymptomatic carriers. However, SED has also been reported causing health disorders such as chronic proliferative rhinitis in adult sheep, abortions, testicular lesions in rams or alimentary tract disorders in young animals. The zoonotic potential of this microorganism is also discussed.
Identifying Migrants in Medieval England: The Possibilities and Limitations of Place-name Evidence
Authors: Carroll Jayne
Published: January 2021

This chapter asks what enquiries might reasonably be made of the place-name record in order to further our understanding (1) of movements to England in the medieval millennium, and (2) of the process by which incoming communities negotiated the process of acculturation, retaining or giving up identity traits—including language—which marked these groups as distinctive or coherent. A response to these broad questions is attempted through detailed methodological discussion and a focus on the place-names of Old Norse origin which arose as a result of Scandinavian activities in England, from the late ninth to eleventh centuries.
The Migrant in English Art: Perspectives on Influence and Agency
Authors: Luxford Julian
Published: January 2021

This chapter addresses English medieval art and architecture in the long term and is of a basically methodological character. It argues for a view of immigrancy rooted in stylistic and (less urgently) iconographic influence, in favour of an approach through case studies of individual immigrant artists or particular works. In an extended introduction, the traditional, formalist nature of art history is presented as a justification of this point of view. This is followed by an object-focused section in which some of the main practical functions and ambiguities of the concept of influence are exposed, and the problems of ignoring these ambiguities suggested. A case study focused on English church architecture is then presented in order to clarify the theoretical points. The chapter concludes with a brief, essentially sceptical review of the usefulness of medieval documentation as a basis for understanding stylistic influence in art.
Conclusion: ‘Half-baked if you like’—modernist afterlives in Britain, 1945–1951
Authors: Moore Daniel
Published: January 2021

This chapter concludes Insane Acquaintances, reflecting on some of the legacies of the pre-War modernist activity in Britain. It argues that while, ultimately, the revolution in taste that so many of the mediators of modernism in Britain wished to enact did not take place, the legacies of their activities continued to be felt after the War. Indeed, the kinds of activity that Fry, Read and others agitated for before the War – an engagement with continental non-representational art amongst the public, the fostering of state activity to encourage experimental art, and the development of an institutional apparatus to support and scaffold such art – reached their apotheosis in the first years of the post-War consensus. This chapter explores some of these afterlives of the modernist moment in Britain.
Perfil de los violadores seriales: un análisis de casos
Authors: Pintado Alcázar Alberto
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación comprende un estudio empírico sobre los violadores seriales, en el que se tiene en cuenta el análisis de diversos sucesos ocurridos en España, a partir de diferentes sentencias judiciales. El objetivo de este trabajo radica en la creación de un perfil criminal, comparando diferentes variables que nos permiten obtener características comunes a esta tipología delictiva.The present research includes an empirical study of serial rapists, taking in to account the analysis of several events that occurred in Spain, based on judicial sentences. This work goals to create a criminal profile, comparing different variables allowing us to obtain characteristics, which are common to this criminal typology.
A novel subdermal anchoring technique for the effective treatment of congenital melanocytic nevus using de-epithelialized dermal flaps
Authors: Han Jin Woo , Sun Hook , Kim Jin Woo , Yun Ji Young , Chung Eui Han , Oh Min Jun
Published: January 2021

Background In patients with congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN), single-stage removal of large lesions can be difficult because the high tension created by excising and repairing a large lesion may result in scar widening. Herein, we introduce a method to effectively excise lesions while minimizing scarring and compare its outcomes to those of existing surgical methods.

Methods We compared patients who underwent surgery using the anchoring technique (n=42) or the conventional elliptical technique (n=36). One side of the lesion was removed via en bloc resection up to the superficial fascia. The other side of the lesion was removed via de-epithelialization. The de-epithelialized dermal flap was then fixed by suturing it to the superficial fascia on the opposite side. The length of the lesion’s long axis and amount of scar widening were measured immediately after surgery and at 2, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. At 12 months, patients were assessed using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale.

Results The lesion locations included the face, arms, legs, back, and abdomen. The anchoring method resulted in shorter and smaller scars than the conventional method. There were no cases of postoperative hematoma or wound dehiscence. Significant differences in postoperative scar widening were found in the arm and leg areas (P<0.05).

Conclusions The anchoring method introduced in this study can provide much better outcomes than the conventional method. The anchoring method is particularly useful for the removal of CMN around the joints or extremities, where the surgical site is subjected to high tension.
Long V-Y advancement technique for large nipple reconstruction in Asian women
Authors: Jang Nam , Kim Junekyu , Shin Hyun Woo , Suk Sang Woo
Published: January 2021

Previously reported nipple-areolar complex reconstruction (NAR) methods involve multiple incisions and wide skin redraping, which increase retraction forces and heighten the risk of nipple-areolar complex (NAC) flattening. We introduce a NAR method using the long V-Y advancement technique that can overcome these disadvantages. A V-shaped flap is designed with the width of the flap base 4–5 mm larger than the diameter of the normal nipple. The flap length is designed to be at least 2.5 times its width. Dissection is performed to the top of the artificial dermal matrix or muscle layer. The nipple is constructed with the same projection as the contralateral side by folding the elevated flap. The tip of the elevated flap is apposed in the middle of the donor defect to minimize the deformity during donor site closure. A 3-point skin suture is applied to the upper third of the folded flap to mold its shape. Using this long V-Y advancement technique, we successfully decreased skin tension in NAC flaps and improved the maintenance of reconstructed nipple projection. The long V-Y advancement technique provides an easy, simple NAR method, effectively maintaining longer nipple projections and reducing breast deformities, especially in Asian women with relatively large nipples.
Comparison of irradiated and non-irradiated acellular dermal matrices in breast reconstruction under radiotherapy
Authors: Woo Soo Jin , Ha Jeong Hyun , Jin Ung Sik
Published: January 2021

Background Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have become an essential material for implant-based breast reconstruction. No previous studies have evaluated the effects of sterility of ADM under conditions of radiation. This study compared sterile (irradiated) and aseptic (non-irradiated) ADMs to determine which would better endure radiotherapy.

Methods Eighteen male Balb/C mice were assigned to the control group with no irradiation (group 1) or one of two other groups with a radiation intensity of 10 Gy (group 2) or 20 Gy (group 3). Both sterile and aseptic ADMs were inserted into the back of each mouse. The residual volume of the ADM (measured using three-dimensional photography), cell incorporation, α-smooth muscle actin expression, and connective tissue growth factor expression were evaluated. The thickness and CD3 expression of the skin were measured 4 and 8 weeks after radiation.

Results In groups 2 and 3, irradiated ADMs had a significantly larger residual volume than the non-irradiated ADMs after 8 weeks (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in cell incorporation and the amount of fibrosis between irradiated and non-irradiated ADMs. The skin was significantly thicker in the non-irradiated ADMs than in the irradiated ADMs in group 3 (P<0.05). CD3 staining showed significantly fewer inflammatory cells in the skin of irradiated ADMs than in non-irradiated ADMs in all three groups after 4 and 8 weeks (P<0.05).

Conclusions Under radiation exposure, irradiated ADMs were more durable, with less volume decrease and less deposition of collagen fibers and inflammatory reactions in the skin than in non-irradiated ADMs.