bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Role of Actors in Sustainable Tourism Village Management Using the Pentahelix Collaboration Model in Bandung Regency
Authors: Siti Alia  , Elisa Susanti  , Muhammad Andi Septiadi
Published: August 2024

The number of tourists coming to Indonesia has increased, referring to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) (2024), foreign tourist visits are still increasing, namely by 30.17% in 2022 and cumulatively at the end of 2023, the number of foreign tourist visits has reached 10. 41 million visits, an increase of 110.86 percent compared to the same period in 2022-2023. This shows that the recovery of the tourism sector in Indonesia is still continuing. Tourist villages have become an alternative travel experience for tourists after the cultural shift from mass tourism as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has seen crowds and massive numbers of immigrants shift to alternative tourism to enjoy rural nature and the social and cultural life of its people. Tourism villages are one of the priority programs of the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, the implementation of which requires cooperation from various parties. Petahelix Cooperation is an option in implementing this program. This research focuses on identifying the role of each actor involved in the Tourism Village ecosystem from each stakeholder who is part of the Penta Helix collaboration, namely the government as a facilitator and regulator, academics as a conceptor and tasked with sharing academic information, business which is a business actor who plays a role as an enabler for economic progress, community communities who serve as accelerators and drivers in tourism development and the media as information providers, entertainers and as social controls. Using a qualitative explanatory research method with a case study approach to describe the researcher's general view and try to reveal in depth the role of 5 actors in managing the Tourism Village in Alam Endah Village, Bandung Regency.
Digital Transformation in Hotel Management: Optimizing Guest Experience in the Industry 4.0 Era
Authors: Umar Abdul Jabbar  , Bayu Ade Prabowo  , Rafi Athallah Hanafi
Published: August 2024

The hotel industry is currently facing a digital transformation driven by technological advancements and changing consumer behavior. This research aims to explore how digital transformation in hotel management can optimize the guest experience in the industry 4.0 era. The research methodology primarily relies on a comprehensive literature review and analysis of industry documents to provide a robust and broad foundation for this study. The findings indicate that integrating technologies such as property management systems (PMS), Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics can enhance operational efficiency, service personalization, and data-driven decision-making in hotel management. However, the implementation of digital transformation also faces challenges, such as significant investments, cybersecurity, and resistance to change. Case studies of hotels that have successfully adopted digital technologies reveal best practices and valuable lessons, including the importance of top management support, strategic alignment, and stakeholder engagement. This article contributes to the literature by integrating the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory and the technology acceptance model (TAM) to develop a conceptual framework that explains the adoption and success of digital transformation in hotels. The research findings have practical implications for hotel managers in designing and implementing digital transformation initiatives. Although this research primarily relies on secondary data sources, future research can adopt a multi-method research design incorporating primary data to provide further insights into this phenomenon.
Bridging The Gap Between Tourism Science And Vocational Education: Strategies To Increase Industry Relevance In Indonesia
Authors: Aditya Hera Nurmoko  , Tri Suyud Nusanto
Published: August 2024

Indonesia's tourism industry is growing rapidly, but the gap between tourism science and vocational education continues to hinder the development of quality human resources. This journal examines strategies to bridge this gap and increase industry relevance, focusing on the Indonesian context. A comprehensive literature review identified several key strategies, including: Computational Social Science Integration, Industry-University Collaboration, Executive-in-Residence Models, and Industry Engagement in Curriculum Development. The effective implementation of these strategies can increase the relevance of tourism vocational education to the industry, producing a skilled and work-ready workforce that contributes to the growth and sustainability of Indonesia's tourism industry.
MADA–Marketing Analytic Digital Apps: A Business Dynamics Trajectory
Authors: I Gede Wiwin Suyasa  , Francisca Ratna Ardanari
Published: August 2024

The tourism industry is one of the leading service sectors, and it is crucial to gather data and conduct analysis to forecast market dynamics. Both academia and the industry require support in collecting data to conduct a comprehensive analysis, essential for mapping out the competition among tourism businesses, predicting trends, and making informed decisions. A digital platform is necessary to collect first-hand data from industry stakeholders across Indonesia. This platform would enable analysis based on various criteria such as region, pricing, hotel ratings, and profitability. Access to such data would significantly enhance research efforts, fostering sustainable partnerships between the industry and academia. A proposed Android app, "MADA," has been designed to meet a specific need. In order to assess the level of support for the project, a comprehensive digital survey comprising 17 questions was administered to General Managers via the Indonesian Hotel General Managers Association (IHGMA). Results from the survey indicate that MADA is widely embraced as a tool for market analysis, with an overwhelming 97.25% of respondents expressing strong approval.
Menu Engineering Analysis: An Industrial Reference For Tourism Students
Authors: Sarrah Jessica Hidayat  , I Gede Wiwin Suyasa
Published: August 2024

This research paper examines the classification of the menu items at Essier restaurant, located within The Vasini Boutique Hotel in Bali, Indonesia, using the Menu Engineering Analysis methodology. Through the use of Tables and Matrices, the study presents the findings derived from a qualitative approach of analyzing sales volume and contribution margin data of menu items from January to December of the corresponding year. The study identifies 31 menu items and their classification mapping, which shows that the majority of the items are classified as Dogs (35.48%), followed by Stars (32.26%), Plough Horses (22.58%), and Puzzles (9.68%). This study highlights the significance of periodic menu engineering analysis by the Essier Restaurant Management to improve sales and restaurant profitability. In conclusion, the menu engineering method is an effective tool for ensuring the popularity and profitability of the restaurant's menu offerings.
Machine Learning Approaches for Liver Disease Diagnosing
Authors: Khan Bilal , Naseem Rashid , Ali Mumtaz , Arshad Muhammad , Jan Nazir
Published: August 2024

In ongoing time liver disease that is any damage in the liver capacity, are exceptionally normal everywhere throughout the world. It has been found that liver disease is discovered more in youthful people as a contrast with other age people. At the point when liver capacity becomes end up, life endures just can be up to 1 or 2 days scarcely. Analysts or moving towards the arrangement of early forecasting of liver disease utilizing various data mining and machine learning approaches. However, this study proposes a new model based on CHIRP methods for the early finding of liver disease. This examination center around MAE, RAE, and Accuracy assessment measurements for the benchmarking of the proposed model with other existing models. The exploratory outcomes show a better consequence of applying CHIRP assessing on MAE and RAE while utilizing the Accuracy of the exhibition of RF and MLP is seldom productive than CHIRP. The outcomes acquired utilizing the proposed model are; MAE 0.2870, RAE 58.8765%, and Accuracy is 71.30%, which demonstrates that this method performs well as opposed to other people.
Understanding the Toxic and Lethal effects of New Psychoactive Substances from Social Media
Authors: Coombs Thomas
Published: August 2024

NPS or Novel Psychoactive Substances (legal highs) are compounds designed to mimic existing recreational drugs. The lethal and toxic effects associated from the use of these compounds on discussion forums, has not yet been explored. A total of 207 threads were analysed from eight discussion forums, which were then exported to NVivo software. The threads were read to categorise themes and sub themes for the study. Six NPS classes that contained six main themes were identified and explored during the study relating to NPS use: Popular derivatives, demography, route of administration, motivation for intake, toxicity and fatalities. This study shows in-depth information from discussion forums about NPS in regard to demography, ROA, MOI, toxicity and fatalities that is not found in literature. The results can provide a guidance to an in-depth education about NPS to possibly help those trying to assist in addiction or treatment.
COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE AS AN IMPORTANT CONDITION FOR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF THE FUTURE PSYCHOLOGIST
Authors: Dadaş-zadə Leyla
Published: August 2024

The scientific article reveals the content and essence of the culture of communication. The culture of communication is characterized as an important condition for the professional training of a future psychologist. The article notes that the culture of communication represents the unity of personally important worldviews that have become the value beliefs of a person, behavior in accordance with the requirements of both morality and etiquette. The formation of a culture of communication is understood as part of the process of moral education, where the main attention is paid to the formation of behavior and communication skills, but their ethical content is also important. The scientific article consistently examines the conditions for the formation of a communication culture.
TRANSITION METHOD FOR CONVOLUTION EQUATIONS FOR EXAMPLE
Authors:   Batken State University, Srashidinov A.
Published: August 2024

The essence of the so-called transition method for convolution equations [1] is that the integral equations of the first and second kind of Volterra convolution with the help of a special continuation of the kernel , solution and free term from the interval [0,1] to the interval [0,2] is reduced to equivalent to the Fredholm equations with a difference kernel of the first or second kind, which allows the well-known rich Hilbert-Schmitt theory of symmetric operators in a Hilbert space to be applied to the latter. All this is demonstrated on a private measurement. For the convenience of the reader, we present Theorem 1 with a proof proposed by the author in [1].
FEATURES OF THE APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev, Tokonbekova K. Ch. , Mukambetova N. T. ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev, Terdikbaev E. A. ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev
Published: August 2024

This article examines the features of the use of nuclear physics in agriculture as an important tool for improving production processes, increasing yields and quality of agricultural products, as well as for ensuring sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The application of nuclear physics in agriculture requires international cooperation and the exchange of experience between States, which contributes to the accelerated implementation of innovative solutions and technologies. The use of nuclear physics in agriculture in general has great potential to improve the living conditions of rural residents, ensure food security and sustainable development of the agricultural sector. In the context of continuous population growth, climate change and limited natural resources, agricultural producers are forced to seek innovative methods to increase the yield and quality of agricultural products.
USE OF FINANCIAL-ECONOMIC AND MATERIAL-TECHNICAL RESOURCES OF RECYCLING ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Osh State University, Imaraliev O. R.
Published: August 2024

This article provides an overview analysis of the main resources used in increasing the efficiency of processing enterprises, including the effective use of financial, economic and material and technical resources. Advantages of using financial, economic, material and technical resources in increasing the productivity of processing enterprises have been proven on a scientific and theoretical basis. And, in the article, it is aimed to reveal the place of use of financial, economic and material and technical resources in achieving high profitability and best efficiency for various processing enterprises. Comparison, analysis and hypothesis methods are used in the research, scientific and theoretical aspects are presented. As a result, we have shown that in the process of managing financial resources in enterprises, issues about sources of formation and directions of their use are solved. Economic indicators of developed countries include gross domestic product per capita, unemployment rate, human development index, inflation rate and other key aspects of the economy and society.
ASYMPTOTIC SOLUTION WITH RESPECT TO A SMALL PARAMETER OF THE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FORSECOND ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION UNSOLVED WITH RESPECT TO THE HIGHEST DERIVATIVE
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev, Alymbaev A. T. , Musaeva B. M. ,   Kyrgyz Aviation Institute named after I. Abdraimov, Bapa kyzy Ainura
Published: August 2024

Boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations is one of the sections of the general theory of differential equations. The difference between the boundary value problem and the Cauchy problem is that the solution of the differential equation must satisfy boundary conditions connecting the values of the desired function at more than one point. The most common boundary value problem refers to two-point boundary value problems for which boundary conditions are set at two points at the ends of the interval on which solutions are being sought. In addition, the special case of two-point boundary value problems also covers such an important section of the theory of differential equations as the theory of oscillations. In this article, the problem of constructing an asymptotic expansion in a small parameter for solving a boundary value problem for a second-order differential equation of an unresolved relative to the highest derivative of the desired solution is considered. The solution of the boundary value problem is found according to the algorithm of the collocation-asymptotic method. A numerical example of a boundary value problem is considered and an asymptotic decomposition is constructed for solving problems with a relatively small parameter, including the first two terms of the expansions.
Husserl, Kant y el enfoque crítico de la lógica
Authors: Hartimo Mirja , Canela Morales Luis
Published: August 2024

Este artículo busca aclarar las observaciones críticas de Husserl al enfoque de Kant sobre la lógica, comparando sus respectivas visiones de la misma. En su obra Lógica formal y lógica trascendental (1929, §100), Husserl critica a Kant no por plantear preguntas trascendentales sobre la lógica formal, sino por adscribirle una “aprioridad extraordinaria” (extraordinary apriority). Husserl considera que la razón de la actitud acrítica de Kant hacia la lógica se debe a su visión de la lógica en tanto dirigida hacia lo subjetivo, en lugar de estar interesada con un “mundo” de objetos ideales. Mientras que, para Kant, la lógica general trata de las leyes del razonamiento, Husserl piensa que la lógica formal debería describir las estructuras formales. Husserl sostiene que, si Kant hubiera tenido un concepto más integral de la lógica, habría planteado preguntas críticas sobre cómo es posible la lógica. Este tipo de crítica no puede usar formas de juicios o silogismos de la lógica, ni siquiera, de manera más general, el método “inferencial” (Schliessende), sino que debe ser de naturaleza descriptiva. La fenomenología trascendental de Husserl es el método para realizar dicha crítica. El artículo argumenta que esto conlleva una reflexión y posiblemente una revisión de los principios lógicos en relación con los objetivos normativos que rigen la investigación en cuestión.
Biomechanical Integration of an Active Prosthetic Ankle for Motorcycle Riding in Lower Limb Amputees
Authors: Husainy Avesahemad S. N. , Joshi Atharv R. , Kore Dhanashri S. , Jadhav Harshvardhan A. , Thomake Rohan M. , Chougule Vaibhav V. , Kamat Harshvardhan D.
Published: August 2024

There are over one million lower limb amputees in India alone. Due to societal stigmas, many individuals are unable to work or live independently, as they rely on insufficient prosthetic limbs that require much more effort to move and result in abnormal gait patterns. The high-performing prosthetic feet available for several thousand rupees in India are distinct from the low-cost, non-functional prosthetic legs mentioned above. Our mission addresses this discrepancy by developing an active ankle movement lower limb prosthetic leg, specifically designed for bike riding. Typically, riders apply forces between 100 and 200 Newtons (N) to the brake pedals and between 5 and 10 N to the gear shifters. This project utilizes a servo motor to control ankle movement, a microcontroller to process information, and EMG sensors to detect muscle movements. By replicating the rider’s ankle action, this system significantly improves control and safety without occupying additional space. In addition to enhancing ankle mobility, the technology provides users with real-time feedback through vibrations, offering a more accurate and quicker response in sync with the body’s movements while riding. Furthermore, the bike’s space-saving design and user-friendly operation are enabled by a remote-control system installed on the bike handle. This allows users to move with greater ease, independence, and the ability to engage in activities such as riding a motorcycle and living actively among others. Ultimately, it improves their quality of life and promotes a sense of social belonging.
Crash Risk Monitoring Method for Highways in Rain Conditions
Authors: Liu Minggang , He Jiuping , Liu Shiyu , Zou Feng
Published: August 2024

The slick road surface during rainy days necessitates an increased braking distance,
posing prominent safety hazards for driving. Consequently, this paper researched on the monitoring
method of collision risk posture of highway in rainy days. The impact of rain on the driving risk of
vehicles is mainly the braking distance. In this paper, the ratio μ, defined as the quotient of stopping
sight distance (St) and the spacing (Sr) between the front of a trailing vehicle and the rear of a
leading vehicle, was adopted as the collision risk assessment metric. Employing the Expressway
A-Rain segment from the Citysim dataset as the subject of investigation, traffic risk probability
statistics diagrams and heatmaps had been generated. The results showed that the ratio μ>1 has
accounted for nearly 10% of the roadway, the traffic risk of this roadway is high, and the risk is
mainly distributed on the middle lane of the freeway and entrance ramp.
Progress on the brewing process of mead and its flavour components
Authors: Deng Fangyuan , Han Delin , Zhao Jianghua , Liu Huiquan
Published: August 2024

Mead is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage made from yeast fermented through a
diluted honey mash. Due to the cost of production and the long lead time it takes to make it, it is
generally only produced in homes or small workshops, and can be differentiated according to the
degree of dilution of the honey mash and the type of fruits that are added to it during the
fermentation process. Due to the richness of honey's natural substances, it has become
increasingly popular in recent years, and as a result, the production of mead has increased. This
review discusses the problems encountered during mead fermentation and the corresponding
solutions in terms of brewing, process, and yeast selection.
Application and optimization of electro-Fenton technology in advanced treatment of petrochemical industry wastewater
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Zou Yulong , Jiao Yiyang , Yang Lei , Guo Jintao
Published: August 2024

Within this research endeavor, a refined electric-Fenton remediation protocol was put
forth for the enhanced reconditioning of intensely polluted organic effluents originating from the
petrochemical sector. Using DSA (Dimensionally Stable Anode) electrode material and ultraviolet
(UV) catalysis, the wastewater treatment efficiency and the ability to degrade refractory organic
compounds were significantly improved. By optimizing the reaction parameters, the mineralization
speed and treatment efficiency of organic matter are significantly improved, the use of H2O2 is
reduced, and the cost of chemicals and energy consumption are reduced. At the same time, the
technology avoids the use of a large number of harmful chemicals and mitigates the peril of
subsequent contamination, thus rendering it appropriate for a spectrum of petrochemical effluents.
Moreover, it exhibits efficacious abatement on diverse categories of organic contaminants.
Analysis and evaluation of development characteristics of debris flow in Longshougou
Authors: Li Hong , Cheng Hui , Jiang Ronghao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Chang , Guan Qiwen
Published: August 2024

Long Shougou is located at the exit of Hei he River in Zhang ye City, which is directly
facing the reservoir of Long Shougou Hydropower Station. Through site survey, UAV flight and
indoor simulation calculation, the development characteristics and risk of Long Shougou debris flow
were analyzed and evaluated. The results show that: Long Shougou debris flow is in the
"development period", belonging to "small", "easy" and "high frequency" debris flow; The length of
Long Shougou Channel is 1.70 km, the circumference is 3.76 km, the area is 0.72 km2 , the relative
height difference is nearly 584 m, the longitudinal gradient is 342.27 ‰, and the overall bending
coefficient is 1.14; Gully sediments are mainly gully bed deposits and slope collapse deposits, with
total reserves of 20.94 ×104 m3 and dynamic reserves of 7.76 ×104 m3 ; Calculated according to the
designed rainstorm frequency of 1%, the flow velocity of debris flow at the gully mouth is 2.64m /s,
the total amount of primary overflow is 17,296.41m3 , the primary outflow of solid matter is
7956.35m3 , and the overall impact pressure of debris flow is 16.32kPa. The maximum impact force
of a single stone is 2.56kN according to 0.5m; It is suggested to consider the impact of the annual
inflow of debris flow on the water quality of the Longshou hydropower station reservoir and the
impact on the power station switching station near the Gulou port, and do a good job in the relevant
sediment discharge measures.
Research on Emotional Recognition System of EEG Signals Based on CNN+LSTM
Authors: Lin Juan , Ma Guoqiang , Li Binhao , Yu Tianyang , Li Yanjun
Published: August 2024

We studied an emotion recognition system based on EEG signals, conducted MATLAB
simulation for EEG signal collection, and conducted experiments on EEG signal collection using
STM32 microcontroller. We proposed an EEG emotion recognition system based on convolutional
neural network (CNN) and short-term memory artificial neural network (LSTM) models. The model
used gradient descent algorithm and cross entropy loss function algorithm, and was used the DEAP
dataset to verify the accuracy of emotion recognition results, which reached 94.023%, The accuracy
of emotion recognition results which is achieved by running the Python trained model on Raspberry Pi
reached 98.98%. After compared the data collection information and tested the software and
hardware, the experimental results showed that the EEG signal collection system can achieve the
functions of EEG signal data collection and improve emotion recognition rate.
Analysis of the effect of probe structure on sampling accuracy in supersonic airflow
Authors: Chen Yingtao , Zhang Wanlin , Sha Pengpeng , Yang Xinlong
Published: August 2024

The accuracy of the sampling of the gas components has a significant impact on the measurement of various performance parameters in the combustion chamber of an aero-engine. This paper examines the accuracy of a six-point gas sampling probe when used in supersonic airflow. A numerical simulation method of component transport and fluid-solid coupling is employed to construct a three-dimensional probe multi-component gas flow characteristic solution model. Three kinds of probes with 28°, 30° and 32° angles and structure-modified conical probes were established, and the influence law of probe structure on gas sampling accuracy was analyzed. The results of the study demonstrate that the 28° and structurally modified conical probes yield a more effective improvement in sampling accuracy in comparison to the original 30° structure. The test data of the test bench are in good agreement with the simulation results, thereby demonstrating the reliability and accuracy of the sampling probe following structural modification.
On the occurrence of Chelonibia testudinaria(linnaeus, 1758) (cirripedia) on the crab Portunus segnis from the Iraqi coast
Authors: Naser Murtada , Yasser Amaal , Auda Nabaa
Published: August 2024

In January 2024, the symbiotic barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758) was collected from the Iraqi coast. This is the initial documentation of C. testudinaria on the carapace and cheliped of P. segnis from the Iraqi shore.
Antibody characterization is critical to enhance reproducibility in biomedical research
Authors: Kahn Richard A , Virk Harvinder , Laflamme Carl , Houston Douglas W , Polinski Nicole K , Meijers Rob , Levey Allan I , Saper Clifford B , Errington Timothy M , Turn Rachel E , Bandrowski Anita , Trimmer James S , Rego Meghan , Freedman Leonard P , Ferrara Fortunato , Bradbury Andrew RM , Cable Hannah , Longworth Skye
Published: August 2024

Antibodies are used in many areas of biomedical and clinical research, but many of these antibodies have not been adequately characterized, which casts doubt on the results reported in many scientific papers. This problem is compounded by a lack of suitable control experiments in many studies. In this article we review the history of the ‘antibody characterization crisis’, and we document efforts and initiatives to address the problem, notably for antibodies that target human proteins. We also present recommendations for a range of stakeholders – researchers, universities, journals, antibody vendors and repositories, scientific societies and funders – to increase the reproducibility of studies that rely on antibodies.
When and why does motor preparation arise in recurrent neural network models of motor control?
Authors: Schimel Marine , Kao Ta-Chu , Hennequin Guillaume
Published: August 2024

During delayed ballistic reaches, motor areas consistently display movement-specific activity patterns prior to movement onset. It is unclear why these patterns arise: while they have been proposed to seed an initial neural state from which the movement unfolds, recent experiments have uncovered the presence and necessity of ongoing inputs during movement, which may lessen the need for careful initialization. Here, we modelled the motor cortex as an input-driven dynamical system, and we asked what the optimal way to control this system to perform fast delayed reaches is. We find that delay-period inputs consistently arise in an optimally controlled model of M1. By studying a variety of network architectures, we could dissect and predict the situations in which it is beneficial for a network to prepare. Finally, we show that optimal input-driven control of neural dynamics gives rise to multiple phases of preparation during reach sequences, providing a novel explanation for experimentally observed features of monkey M1 activity in double reaching.
Epigenetic insights into GABAergic development in Dravet Syndrome iPSC and therapeutic implications
Authors: Schuster Jens , Lu Xi , Dang Yonglong , Klar Joakim , Wenz Amelie , Dahl Niklas , Chen Xingqi
Published: August 2024

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a devastating early onset refractory epilepsy syndrome caused by variants in the
SCN1A
gene. A disturbed GABAergic interneuron function is implicated in the progression to DS but the underlying developmental and pathophysiological mechanisms remain elusive, in particularly at the chromatin level. In this study, we utilized induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from DS cases and healthy donors to model disease- associated epigenetic abnormalities of GABAergic development. Employing the ATAC-Seq technique, we assessed chromatin accessibility at multiple time points (Day 0, Day 19, Day 35, and Day 65) of GABAergic differentiation. Additionally, we elucidated the effects of the commonly used anti-seizure drug valproic acid (VPA) on chromatin accessibility in GABAergic cells. The distinct dynamics in chromatin profile of DS iPSC predicted accelerated early GABAergic development, evident at D19, and diverged further from the pattern in control iPSC with continued differentiation, indicating a disrupted GABAergic maturation. Exposure to VPA at D65 reshaped the chromatin landscape at a variable extent in different iPSC-lines and rescued the observed dysfunctional development in some DS iPSC-GABA. This study provides the first comprehensive investigation on the chromatin landscape of GABAergic differentiation in DS-patient iPSC, offering valuable insights into the epigenetic dysregulations associated with interneuronal dysfunction in DS. Moreover, our detailed analysis of the chromatin changes induced by VPA in iPSC-GABA holds the potential to improve development of personalized and targeted anti-epileptic therapies.
High Frequency Terahertz Stimulation Alleviates Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting the Pyramidal Neuron Activity in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of mice
Authors: Peng Wenyu , Wang Pan , Tan Chaoyang , Zhao Han , Chen Kun , Si Huaxing , Tian Yuchen , Lou Anxin , Zhu Zhi , Yuan Yifang , Wu Kaijie , Chang Chao , Wu Yuanming , Chen Tao
Published: August 2024

Neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system and is characterized by abnormal hypersensitivity to stimuli and nociceptive responses to non-noxious stimuli, affecting approximately 7–10% of the general population. However, current first-line drugs like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opioids have limitations, including dose-limiting side effects, dependence, and tolerability issues. Therefore, developing new interventions for the management of NP is urgent. In this study, we discovered that the high-frequency terahertz stimulation (HFTS) at approximate 36 THz effectively alleviates NP symptoms in mice with spared nerve injury. Computational simulation suggests that the frequency resonates with the carbonyl group in the filter region of Kv1.2 channels, facilitating the translocation of potassium ions.
In vivo
and
in vitro
results demonstrate that HFTS reduces the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex through enhancing the voltage-gated K
+
and also the leak K
+
conductance. This research presents a novel optical intervention strategy with terahertz waves for the treatment of NP and holds promising application in other nervous system diseases.
Muscarinic receptors mediate motivation via preparatory neural activity in humans
Authors: Grogan John P , Raemaekers Matthias , Van Swieten Maaike HM , Green Alexander L , Gillies Martin J , Manohar Sanjay G
Published: August 2024

Motivation depends on dopamine, but might be modulated by acetylcholine which influences dopamine release in the striatum, and amplifies motivation in animal studies. A corresponding effect in humans would be important clinically, since anticholinergic drugs are frequently used in Parkinson’s disease, a condition that can also disrupt motivation. Reward and dopamine make us more ready to respond, as indexed by reaction times (RT), and move faster, sometimes termed vigour. These effects may be controlled by preparatory processes that can be tracked using EEG. We measured vigour in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded study of trihexyphenidyl (THP), a muscarinic antagonist, with an incentivised eye movement task and EEG. Participants responded faster and with greater vigour when incentives were high, but THP blunted these motivation effects, suggesting that muscarinic receptors facilitate invigoration by reward. Preparatory EEG build-up (contingent negative variation; CNV) was strengthened by high incentives and by muscarinic blockade, although THP reduced the incentive-effect. The amplitude of preparatory activity predicted both vigour and RT, although over distinct scalp regions; frontal activity predicted vigour, whereas a larger, earlier, central component predicted RT. The incentivisation of RT was partly mediated by the CNV, though vigour was not. Moreover, the CNV mediated the drug’s effect on dampening incentives, suggesting that muscarinic receptors underlie the motivational influence on this preparatory activity. Taken together, these findings show that a muscarinic blocker impairs motivated action in healthy people, and that medial frontal preparatory neural activity mediates this for RT.
Starvation and re-feeding of Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) co-cultured with glasswort (Salicornia europaea) in a polyculture aquaponic system
Authors: Mitsopoulos Ioannis , Kontou Iliana Gesthimani , Babouklis Konstantinos , Vlahos Nikolaos , Berillis Panagiotis , Levizou Efi , Mente Eleni
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of starvation and refeeding on the growth and food intake of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and on the growth and nitrogen uptake of glasswort (Salicornia europaea) in a polyculture aquaponic system under 12 ppt salinity for 75 days. Nine small-scale autonomous aquaponic systems were used, each containing 10 gilthead seabreams (average weight of 6.33 ± 0.73 g and average length of 5.73 ± 0.72 cm) and 10 seabasses (5.82 ± 0.77 g and 6.35 ± 0.45 cm), as well as five glasswort plants. Three fish feeding treatments were performed, a control (A), in which fish were fed daily until satiation, and two fasting treatments for 4 (B) and 7 days (C). Fish growth performance was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the C treatment for both species compared to treatments A and B. Food consumption (FC) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in treatment C. Glasswort growth performance was significantly higher in treatment C (p < 0.05). The results showed that the 4-day food-deprived fish were similar to the control fish by achieving partial compensatory growth. The more extended fasting period (7 days) resulted in significantly lower growth performance. The lipid and nitrogen retention levels in both species were significantly lower in food-deprived fish than in the control fish both before and during compensatory growth. The results suggest that a feeding schedule involving starvation–refeeding cycles is a promising feed management option for these species in polyculture aquaponic systems. The effect of food deprivation was also significantly beneficial (p < 0.05) for the growth performance of glasswort compared to the control treatment.
Lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus, distribution in the Gulf of Maine, USA: observations from fisheries independent and dependent catch data
Authors: Fairchild Elizabeth A. , Wulfing Sophie , White Easton R.
Published: August 2024

The Gulf of Maine (GoM) is one of the fastest-warming parts of the world’s oceans. Some species’ distributional shifts have already been documented, especially for commercially-important species. Less is known about species that are not currently exploited but may become so in the future. As a case study into these issues, we focus on lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) because of the recognized and timely need to understand wild lumpfish population dynamics to support sustainable fisheries and aquaculture developments. Using occurrence data from five different fisheries-dependent and independent surveys, we examined lumpfish distribution over time in the GoM. We found that lumpfish presence was more likely in Fall and correlated with deeper waters and colder bottom temperatures. Since 1980, lumpfish presence has increased over time and shifted north. Given a limited set of data, these findings should be interpreted with caution as additional work is needed to assess if the actual distribution of lumpfish is changing. Nevertheless, our work provides preliminary information for resource managers to ensure that lumpfish are harvested sustainably for use in emergent lumpfish aquaculture facilities.
Apoyo Pedagógico y compromiso público en distintas áreas disciplinares: una mirada hacia los territorios académicos
Authors:   , Penela Quinteros Fernanda Nicol
Published: August 2024

Fernanda Nicol Penela Quinteros Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Educación APOYO PEDAGÓGICO Y COMPROMISO PÚBLICO EN DISTINTAS ÁREAS DISCIPLINARES: Una mirada hacia los territorios académicos
Desarrollo de la agencia escolar por medio de cuestiones socio-científicas para promover el compromiso académico.
Authors:   , Oviedo Darma
Published: August 2024

Cuando hablamos de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias, el compromiso académico es un elemento fundamental para potenciar los aprendizajes. Se considera que las metodologías activas centradas en los estudiantes, como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP), permitirían a los estudiantes desarrollar su compromiso académico. Asimismo, se considera que fomentar la agencia en el aula y que los estudiantes asuman un rol activo es fundamental para el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento científico y ciudadanía responsable.El análisis preliminar evidenció que los estudiantes que aprenden mediante la metodología de ABP tienen un nivel intermedio de compromiso académico, siendo el compromiso de agencia el que se encuentra en un nivel más bajo. Esto indicaría que, a pesar de la metodología, faltan en la planificación de los proyectos de ciencias elementos que permitan a los estudiantes tener mayor agencia y potenciar su compromiso académico.Se propone como oportunidad de mejora una secuencia de enseñanza-aprendizaje que brinde a los estudiantes la posibilidad de identificar y elegir asuntos socio científicos locales para trabajar como problemáticas en sus proyectos. Este aumento en el grado de agencia de los estudiantes mostró un incremento en el nivel de compromiso académico, e incluso evidencia un potencial movilizador de estudiantes con un rendimiento académico intermedio. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que el aumento de la agencia en el aula es un factor relevante para mejorar el compromiso académico y, por ende, el aprendizaje.
Ciencia Abierta. Conocimiento y prácticas de ciencia abierta en los académicos de planta ordinaria de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
Authors:   , Anguita González José Antonio
Published: August 2024

A pesar del reconocimiento internacional de la ciencia abierta (OECD, 2021; UNESCO, 2021; Rico-Castro y Bonora, 2023; Unión Europea, 2012) y la reciente implementación de la Política de Acceso Abierto en Chile (ANID, 2022), el acceso a los datos de investigación sigue siendo un desafío global (Muñoz-Palma, 2024), especialmente entre los académicos de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Este estudio, basado en el reanálisis de datos del Diagnóstico Inicial del proyecto Innovación Superior (InES) ciencia abierta de la UC y en contraste con literatura actual, busca abordar la discrepancia entre el conocimiento y la aplicación de prácticas de ciencia abierta entre los académicos. Los resultados preliminares indican un conocimiento limitado y una práctica insuficiente en aspectos críticos como el acceso abierto y la gestión de datos abiertos. En concreto, se reveló que una alta proporción de académicos, con un 73%, que desconoce el concepto de ciencia abierta de la UNESCO (2021), además, no publica sus datos de investigación en formatos accesibles, con solo un 24.2% compartiendo los datos finales de sus investigaciones en repositorios abiertos y apenas un 6% utilizando planes de gestión de datos. Frente a este escenario, se proponen proyecciones de acción profesional que intensifique la capacitación y adapten a las políticas institucionales para promover una práctica más abierta y reproducible en la investigación. El objetivo es establecer un equilibrio conceptual que permita decisiones informadas y fortalezca el entendimiento y la adopción de la ciencia abierta entre los académicos, considerando el contexto global e institucional.
Tecnologia e inclusão digital na terceira idade
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo de Oliveira , Goulart Priscila Serra Pinto , Oliveira Cleomar Costa de , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Cunha Edileuza Lobato da , Lima Orlem Pinheiro de , Oliveira Júnior Nilson José de , Barbosa Lena Marina Moreira Puga , Oliveira Jorge Elias Costa de
Published: August 2024

Este artigo aborda a temática da tecnologia e inclusão digital voltada para idosos, em um contexto onde a sociedade enfrenta o desafio do envelhecimento populacional e da crescente digitalização das interações sociais e serviços. O objetivo geral é analisar como a inclusão digital pode beneficiar a qualidade de vida dos idosos, promovendo sua autonomia, socialização e acesso à informação. A pergunta problema que norteia a pesquisa é: quais são os principais benefícios da inclusão digital para a população idosa e como esses benefícios podem ser ampliados? Para responder a essa questão, foi adotada uma metodologia qualitativa, com revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas semiestruturadas com especialistas na área de geriatria e tecnologia. Os resultados esperados incluem a identificação de melhorias na saúde mental e física dos idosos, maior participação social e familiar, além do fortalecimento do empoderamento por meio do acesso à informação. Este estudo pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que promovam a inclusão digital entre os idosos, visando uma sociedade mais justa e acessível para todas as idades.
Cutaneous and Nodal Histiocytic Sarcoma: A Series of Five Cases
Authors: Yadav Geeta , Kumar Manish , Yadav Kusum , Bhalla Shalini , Kushwaha Rashmi
Published: August 2024

Histiocytic Sarcoma (HS) is an extremely rare haematolymphoid neoplasm that exhibits morphological and immunophenotypic features indicative of histiocytic differentiation. In most cases, it is misdiagnosed as Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) or anaplastic large cell lymphoma. HS is a diagnosis of exclusion, necessitating extensive immunophenotypic analysis to finalise the diagnosis. Hereby, authors present a case series of five cases diagnosed as HS based on histomorphology and an extensive Immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel. A total of five cases reported as HS over a five-year period (2018 to 2023) were diagnosed at the Department of Pathology. All demographic and clinical data, as well as treatment history, were collected from the patients and their family members. Paraffin-embedded blocks were retrieved from the archive, and routine Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and special stains like Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) were performed. Microscopy revealed sheets of round to oval tumour cells with small round nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli, and moderately microvacuolated cytoplasm. An extended IHC panel was applied to confirm the microscopic findings. All five cases exhibited intense immunoreactivity for Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA) and showed strong positivity for the histiocytic marker CD68, while CD163 demonstrated variable cytoplasmic positivity. Dako R antibody at a dilution of 1:100 was used for the IHC analysis. This case series aims to highlight the importance of clinical, radiological, histological, and immunohistochemical properties of this rare neoplasm for early diagnosis and proper management.
Leaf Area Influences Photosynthetic Activities, Raisin Yield and Quality in Manjari Kishmish Grape Variety
Authors: Somkuwar R. G. , Kakade P. B. , Dhemre J. K. , Gharate P. S. , Deshmukh N. A. , Nikumbhe P. H.
Published: August 2024

The ideal leaf area is essential for optimizing photosynthesis and resource distribution, which improves both yield and quality. Leaf retention is a cultural practice that involves maintaining definite number of leaves above the bunch to optimize photosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality. The experiment was conducted at the ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes with different treatments of number of leaves above the bunch (10, 12, 14, 16 and >16 leaves). The parameters measured included leaf area, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, bunch weight, berry quality and raisin recovery. The results revealed that retaining 14 leaves above bunch with leaf area of 1066.33 cm2 resulted in maximum bunch weight (365.00 g), 50-berry weight (123.31 g), yield/vine (23.72 kg) and raisin recovery (26.54 %) while, minimum bunch weight (300.00 g), 50-berry weight (103.48 g), yield/vine (19.20 kg) and raisin recovery (24.35 %) were observed in more than16 leaves above the bunch.  However, the leaf area/shoot (2888.00 cm2), leaf area/vine (69312.00 cm2), leaf area/bunch (1066.33 cm2) and leaf area/g berry weight (2.92 cm2/g) were found sufficient for high quality grape and raisin production in a vine spaced at 9 X 5 feet distance which was achieved through 14 leaves above the bunch in Manjari Kishmish grape. It is therefore recommended to maintain approximately 14 leaves above the bunch in Manjari Kishmish that will help to maximize photosynthetic efficiency, enhance leaf area distribution and support higher yield, raisin and better berry quality.