bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS EFISIENSI INPUT PRODUKSI GULA KELAPA DI KECAMATAN ROGOJAMPI KABUPATEN KECAMATAN ROGOJAMPIKABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Dyah Ayu Puspitaningrum
Published: November 2024

Analisis efisiensi input produksi gula kelapa di Kecamatan rogojampi Kabupaten Banyuwangi  bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan jumlah pohon, modal, dan tenaga kerja terhadap hasil produksi gula kelapa serta menganalisis efisiensi penggunaan masing-masing input produksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan rogojampi kabupaten Banyuwangi  dengan jumlah sampel 79 orang petani kelapa. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode clustered sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pohon, modal, dan tenaga kerja secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil produksi gula kelapa. Jumlah pohon dan tenaga kerja secara parsial memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil produksi gula kelapa. Modal memiliki pengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap hasil produksi gula kelapa. Analisis efisiensi input produksi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan jumlah pohon dan modal belum efisien, sedangkan penggunaan input tenaga kerja digunakan dengan tidak efisien. Peningkatan jumlah pohon dan modal, serta optimalisasi jam kerja tenaga kerja, dapat meningkatkan hasil produksi gula kelapa
Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights in EFL Classroom: Writing Skills Focus
Authors: Akter Mukta Rukaiya , Kabir Md. Shahjahan , Yeasmin Farhana
Published: November 2024

Integrating literature into language learning can prove to be a highly effective tool in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. This is because a literary text encompasses various features related to language and linguistics. The exploration and utilization of these features in a language classroom can significantly advance students’ language skills, as literature leaves a lasting impact on their minds. Literature serves the dual purpose of entertaining and educating learners. Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights is an excellent source of different sentence patterns, rhetorical devices, idiomatic expressions, anaphoric and cataphoric references, ellipses, etc. Delving into the teaching and learning of these aspects can effectively enhance students’ writing skills. Traditionally, literary texts are taught with a focus on thematic and philosophical aspects, often neglecting linguistic elements. This study addresses and deconstructs these overlooked linguistic aspects, examining the practicality of incorporating novels into the EFL classroom. The study specifically aims at unveiling the role of Emily Brontë’s novel, Wuthering Heights, in English language learning, with a focus on how the novel can be employed as a valuable tool to advance students’ writing skills. The findings of this article may pave the way for a reconsideration of EFL syllabi, advocating the inclusion of literary texts as potential resources for developing students’ writing proficiency.
The Analysis of Dangerous Face-Cream Cosmetic Product Threats and Preventive Strategies
Authors: Anggraini Shinta
Published: November 2024

Cosmetics have now transformed into one of the daily necessities and are consumed by all demographics, both young and old, men and women. The increase in demand and need for cosmetic products was initially only for beauty purposes, but it has since evolved to include health, body care, and hygiene needs, culminating in the current trend of smooth and flawless skin, commonly known as glass skin, using a series of specific facial cream cosmetic products. The increase in public demand for facial cream cosmetic products presents an opportunity for threats to human security, where cosmetics manufacturer seek maximum profit by adding several hazardous substances, thereby posing a risk to public health. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods with data collection techniques from interviews, observations, and library research. The research results indicate a serious threat from dangerous facial cream cosmetic products with various evolving modes that 'outsmart' regulations, actions carried out by individuals who possess facilities, capital, knowledge, and access related to these matters. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate appropriate strategies to prevent strategic surprises through scenario planning that outlines several intelligence strategies to prevent and anticipate them.
Benchmark Early and Red Team Often
Authors: Barrett Anthony , Jackson Krystal , Murphy Evan R. , Madkour Nada , Newman Jessica
Published: November 2024

A concern about cutting-edge or “frontier” AI foundation models is that an adversary may use the models for preparing chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear (CBRN), cyber, or other attacks. At least two methods can identify foundation models with potential dual-use capability; each method has advantages and disadvantages:
A. Open benchmarks (based on openly available questions and answers), which are low-cost but accuracy-limited by the need to omit security-sensitive details, and
B. Closed red team evaluations (based on private evaluation by CBRN and cyber experts), which are higher in cost but can achieve higher accuracy by incorporating sensitive details.
We propose a research and risk-management approach using a combination of methods including both open benchmarks and closed red team evaluations, in a way that leverages advantages of both methods.
We recommend that one or more groups of researchers with sufficient resources and access to a range of near-frontier and frontier foundation models:
1. Run a set of foundation models through dual-use capability evaluation benchmarks and red teamevaluations, then2. Analyze the resulting sets of models’ scores on benchmark and red team evaluations to see howcorrelated those are.
If, as we expect, there is substantial correlation between the dual-use potential benchmark scores and the red team evaluation scores, then implications include the following:
• The open benchmarks should be used frequently during foundation model development as a quick,low-cost measure of a model’s dual-use potential; and• If a particular model gets a high score on the dual-use potential benchmark, then more in-depth redteam assessments of that model’s dual-use capability should be performed.
We also discuss limitations and mitigations for our approach, e.g., if model developers try to game benchmarks by including a version of benchmark test data in a model’s training data.
Soft Nationalization: How the US Government Will Control AI Labs
Authors: Cheng Deric , Katzke Corin
Published: November 2024

We have yet to see anyone describe a critical element of effective AI safety planning: a realistic model of the upcoming role the US government will play in controlling frontier AI.The rapid development of AI will lead to increasing national security concerns, which will in turn pressure the US to progressively take action to control frontier AI development. This process has already begun1, and it will only escalate as frontier capabilities advance.However, we argue that existing descriptions of nationalization2 along the lines of a new Manhattan Project3 are unrealistic and reductive. The state of the frontier AI industry — with more than $1 trillion4 in private funding, tens of thousands of participants, and pervasive economic impacts — is unlike nuclear research or any previously nationalized industry. The traditional interpretation of nationalization, which entails bringing private assets under the ownership of a state government5, is not the only option available. Government consolidation of frontier AI development is legally, politically, and practically unlikely.We expect that AI nationalization won't look like a consolidated government-led “Project”, but rather like an evolving application of US government control over frontier AI labs. The US government can select from many different policy levers to gain influence over these labs, and will progressively pull these levers as geopolitical circumstances, particularly around national security, seem to demand it.Government control of AI labs will likely escalate as concerns over national security grow. The boundary between "regulation" and "nationalization" will become hazy. In particular, we believe the US government can and will satisfy its national security concerns in nearly all scenarios by combining sets of these policy levers, and would only turn to total nationalization as a last resort.We’re calling the process of progressively increasing government control over frontier AI labs via iterative policy levers soft nationalization.
AUTHOR’S NOTEIt’s important to clarify that we are not advocating for a national security approach to AI governance, nor yet supporting any individual policy actions. Instead, we are describing a model of US behavior that we believe is likely to be accurate to improve the effectiveness of AI safety agendas.
Barriers to VIA Screening in Underserved Populations of Rajshahi Division; A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: Shamim Dr. Tahasina
Published: November 2024

Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue, particularly in underserved populations. Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) screening is a cost-effective method for early detection. Still, its uptake in regions like Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh, has been hindered by various socio-cultural, economic, and healthcare-related factors. Objective: This qualitative investigation aimed to identify and understand the multifaceted barriers to VIA screening in the underserved populations of the Rajshahi Division. We sought to explore the demographic characteristics, educational backgrounds, and ages of patients in this region, their access to information, experiences with VIA screening, and cultural or social barriers. Methods: A total of 101 patients were included in the study, and data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was employed to categorize responses and identify recurring themes. Results: The male-female ratio in the study was 3:98, highlighting the gender disparity in healthcare-seeking behaviors. The study revealed that a lack of awareness about VIA screening was a predominant barrier, with 68.32% of respondents citing this as a hindrance. Additionally, 29.70% reported limited access to VIA screening facilities. Most patients were between the ages of 26-35 (42.57%) and had primary or secondary education (62.37%). A notable proportion of respondents encountered cultural and social barriers. Conclusions: Underserved populations in Rajshahi Division face significant barriers to VIA screening, including low awareness and limited access. Efforts to enhance education and awareness, improve access to screening facilities, and address cultural and social concerns are essential to promoting cervical cancer prevention in this region. Key interventions should focus on tailored educational campaigns and healthcare infrastructure improvements to ensure equitable access to VIA screening.
Assessment of Complications of Normal Delivery in A Selected District Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Mukta
Published: November 2024

Background: Vaginal delivery complications remain a significant concern for maternal and neonatal health. This study assesses these complications in a district hospital in Chandpur, aiming to provide insights for improving delivery outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the complications of vaginal delivery among women in a selected district hospital of Chandpur, focusing on the prevalence of various complications and their associations with demographic factors. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 135 women who underwent vaginal delivery. Data were collected on age, Religion, BMI, delivery duration, delivery location, and service provider. Complications such as abdominal pain, excessive vaginal bleeding, postpartum infection, perineal and cervical lacerations, postpartum hemorrhage, urinary incontinence, pelvic girdle pain, neonatal head injury, brachial plexus injuries, neonatal infection, and prolonged hospital stay were documented. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant associations. Results: The study found that most women were young, with a mean age of 23.74±4.50 years. The majority (95.6%) were Muslim, and 59.3% had a normal BMI. Most deliveries (98.5%) took longer than six hours, with 85.2% occurring in government hospitals. Nurses provided services in 88.1% of cases. Complications varied, with 15.6% experiencing excessive bleeding and 14.1% neonatal head injuries. A significant association was found between age and cervical lacerations (P=0.001). Conclusions: The study highlights the prevalence of various complications in vaginal deliveries and emphasizes the need for adequate precautions, expertise, and technology to ensure safe deliveries. These findings can guide interventions to prevent complications and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Nurse's Practice Regarding Nursing Documentation in Rangpur Medical College Hospital
Authors: Ali A.H.M Solaiman
Published: November 2024

Background: Nursing documentation ensures quality patient care and communication among healthcare providers. This study aimed to assess nursing documentation practices at Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Objective: The objective was to investigate the extent of adherence to nursing documentation standards among nurses working in different hospital wards. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2014 to March 2015, involving 50 nurses from the Medicine, Surgery, Gynae, and Pediatric wards. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering various aspects of nursing documentation practice. Demographic information and responses to documentation-related questions were analyzed descriptively, presenting percentages. Results: Most nurses (68%) were aged 31-40 years, with 78% holding SSC qualifications and 42% having a BSc in Nursing. Results revealed high compliance rates in nursing documentation practices, with 100% adherence reported in areas such as keeping patient admission and discharge records, maintaining treatment records, and documenting patient consent. Notably, 96% of nurses documented personnel performance, while 4% did not. Similar patterns were observed in other documentation aspects, indicating strong awareness and adherence to documentation protocols. Conclusions: The study highlights the conscientiousness of Senior Staff Nurses in maintaining nursing documentation standards at Rangpur Medical College Hospital. While the majority demonstrated commendable compliance, areas for improvement should be addressed, particularly in documenting personnel performance. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing training and reinforcement of documentation practices to ensure comprehensive and accurate patient records, thereby enhancing the quality of patient care and communication among healthcare providers.
EDITORIAL Education for sustainable futures: Comparative dialogues
Authors: Wright Tepora , Sanga Kabini
Published: November 2024

The 2023 OCIES Conference was held in beautiful Samoa, hosted by the National University of Samoa. The call for papers for the Special Issue following the conference attracted just under 30 abstract submissions. Following selections of abstracts and blind reviews, ten completed manuscripts were received within the 2024 Special Issue timeline. The papers explore and suggest insights on enacting education policy in the Oceania and Asia contexts relating to student and teacher well-being and success, teacher preparation and practice, learning program design, and the importance of culture and context to sustainable development in education.
ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ – ИНСТРУМЕНТ РАЗВИТИЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Жакупова С.К.
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена весьма актуальным вопросам, связанным с переходом системы социальной защиты на цифровую платформу и последующим применением искусственного интеллекта. Максимальная диджитализация национальной экономики является основным трендом, заданным поручением Главы государства. Цифровая трансформация социальной сферы позволит обеспечить адресность и транспарентность социальной поддержки. Внедрённые Цифровая карта семьи, Цифровая карта предприятия и их интеграция в Цифровую карту трудовых рисков создаёт предпосылки для формирования реальной цифровой экосистемы социальных отношений.
НАУКА И ПРОИЗВОДСТВО: ЕДИНСТВО ЦЕЛЕЙ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ИННОВАЦИЙ
Authors: Курманов А.М.
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются цели, задачи и основные направления интеграции науки, производства и образования. Современные крупнейшие мировые корпорации достигают конкурентного преимущества в основном благодаря внедрению инноваций, разработанных в исследовательских организациях и структурах. Центры инноваций традиционно сосредоточены на базе ведущих научно-образовательных университетских комплексах. Существенную долю финансовой поддержки оказывают крупные бизнес-структуры. Таким образом формируется научно-производственный кластер, обеспечивающий наиболее эффективный альянс науки, производства и образования.
The Rice Alms Movement in Strengthening Harmony Among Religious Communities in the Village of Tolerance
Authors: Achmad Faqihuddin  , Faisal Fauzan Ilyasa  , Abdillah Muflih  , Iif Syarifudin  , Sholachuddin Al-Ayyubi  , Fajar Romadhon
Published: November 2024

Research conducted by the Ministry of Religious Affairs' Research and Development Agency (Balitbang Kemenag) in 2020, the Indonesian Survey Institute in 2022, and the Indonesian National Counterterrorism Agency in 2023 indicates that radicalism continues to be a significant issue in Indonesia, necessitating a variety of solution proposals to achieve harmony among religious communities. This study examines the social dynamics and interactions among religious communities within the context of the Rice Alms Movement in Kampung Toleransi, Bandung, Indonesia. Employing an ethnographic approach, the research aims to understand how the rice alms movement contributes to the development of social harmony and solidarity in a pluralistic society. The study subjects include five key roles in the community: the Neighborhood Association Head (Ketua RW), Religious Leaders, Community Leaders, Youth Leaders, and Academics. Data collection methods involved in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document studies. Data analysis was performed using NVIVO 12 software. The findings indicate that the Rice Alms Movement has successfully strengthened solidarity and empathy among residents from diverse religious backgrounds, while also reducing economic disparities. The involvement of religious communities and the younger generation are key factors in the success of this movement. This research provides empirical evidence on the role of religious practices in promoting social harmony and tolerance among religious communities. Recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of the movement include developing a more organized management system, continuous educational programs, and collaboration with local government and non-governmental organizations. The findings of this study contribute to the academic understanding of the relationship between religion, social solidarity, and community development, and provide practical insights for similar initiatives in other pluralistic societies.
Berättelse om en Mineralogsik Resa i Syd-Grönland sommaren 1897.
Authors: Flink Gust.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Mosser fra Øst-Grønland.
Authors: Jensen C.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
De nova Specie Polytrichi, muscorum generis.
Authors: Hagen J.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Beskrivelse af Expeditionen til Sydvestgrønland 1893.
Authors: Garde T. V.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Opmaalingsexpedition til Julianehaabs-Distrikt 1894. Under Ledelse af C. Moltke.
Authors: Moltke C. , Jessen A.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Hydrografiske Undersøgelser.
Authors: Ryder C.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Øst-Grønlands Svampe.
Authors: Rostrup E.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
The Stratigraphy and Structure of the Ketilidian Rocks of Midternæs, South-West Greenland.
Authors: Higgins A. K.
Published: November 2024

The stratigraphy of the Ketilidian rocks of the Midternres area is described and an account given of the various structures which deform them. Correlations between the Midternres area and the Ketilidian type area of Grrenseland, situated immediately south of Midternres, are made on group and formation level; the Vallen Group and Sortis Group and their respective formations are each recognised. Lateral variations within the Sortis Group are described and a new formation not exposed in the type area is established. The total thickness of the Ketilidian strata exposed is about 5000 m. The early deposits of the mainly sedimentary Vallen Group were laid down in restricted basins and are of variable rock type, thickness and distribution. Later deposits were laid down in deeper water and are more uniform in character and have a more widespread distribution. The mainly volcanic Sortis Group comprises thick sequences of pillow lavas of tholeiitic basalt composition intruded by numerous gabbroic sills derived probably from the same parent magma. Pyroclastics and sediments occur at certain levels. Felsic volcanic breccias suggest that a vent was situated at the southern extremity of the Midternres area. A large-scale warping of the sub- Ketilidian surface may have preceded the mesoscopic folding. F 1 folding produced isoclinal, recumbent structures and was accompanied by low-angle thrusting. F 2 folding produced structures with NE-trending, steeply inclined axial planes and often an axial plane cleavage. The minor F 3 folds are of little significance. Kink folds and conjugate folds occur in Ketilidian and in pre-Ketilidian rocks and their development appears to have occurred under stress conditions comparable to those which produced faults. The principal faults are tear faults. A group of WNW faults have consistent sinistral displacements and a group of faults trending between ENE and NNE consistent dextral displacements. The chronology of the dykes which cut the Ketilidian rocks is briefly discussed. Some WNW dykes may be late Ketilidian, but the major dyke swarm trending between ENE and NNE is probably of Gardar age. It is considered that similar stress conditions influenced both Gardar dyke intrusion and Gardar faulting.
Fortegnelse over de indsamlede Insekter.
Authors: Lundbeck W.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Résumé des Communications sur le Grønland.
Authors: Bay E. , Posselt H. J. , Hansen H. J. , Wesenberg-Lund C. , Lundgren B. , Hartz N.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Geological Investigations in East Greenland. Part VIII.
Authors: Kempe D. R. C. , Deer W. A. , Wager L. R.
Published: November 2024

The Kangerdlugssuaq alkaline intrusion, of Tertiary age, intrudes the Precambrian metamorphic complex of East Greenland. It was originally overlain by basalts, now removed by erosion, but into which there was considerable stoping, resulting in the incorporation of large basalt xenoliths within the outer part of the intrusion. The syenite mass, 33 km in diameter, has the form of a pile of saucers, centripetally cooled, decreasing in size and silica content upwards and inwards. The lower outer mass is a quartz-nordmarkite which passes gradually with decreasing quartz content into nordmarkite and a quartz- and feldspathoid-free transitional pulaskite. This passes, with the incoming of nepheline and sodalite, into pulaskite and, finally, foyaite. The nordmarkites constitute some 90 per cent of the whole intrusion. The rocks of all the units are cut by a variety of veins and contain pegmatiticsegregations.
The chemistry of the main rocks is discussed with the aid of fourteen analyses; nine analyses of the veins, basalt inclusions and country rocks are also included. The normative compositions of the rocks of the intrusion all occur within the thermal valley of the system Qz - Ne - Ks at PH,O = 1000 bars, representing a transition from an over- to an undersaturated liquid. The original magma is calculated as a quartz-poor nordmarkite. The petrography of the rocks is described, and modal analyses are given. The main mineral in the intrusion is a low-albite - microcline microperthite with a composition of Or38 in the nordmarkites, Or36 in the transitional pulaskite, Or41 in the main pulaskite, and Or55 in the foyaite. The nordmarkites and transitional pulaskite contain phenocrysts of low-albite - orthoclase microperthite (Or29- 28); these are also present in the basalt xenoliths but have a composition of Or18, and are very rich in lime (up to An12). The perthites are rimmed with sodic plagioclase (An 4 ) and constitute up to 90 per cent of the nordmarkites and 50 per cent of the foyaite . Quartz is present in the nordmarkites, the main ferromagnesian mineral ofwhich is katophorite. In the pulaskites, aegirine (ea. Ac80) and biotite accompany arfvedsonite, both in part derived from the alteration of the amphibole. In the foyaite, nepheline and sodalite constitute up to 40 per cent of the rock, with consequentreduction in perthite content. Aegirine-augite (Ac 30) and melanite are the main ferromagnesian minerals of the foyaite and both amphibole and biotite are absent or present in very small amounts. Iron oxides (ilmenite in the outer, magnetite in the inner rocks), apatite and sphene are the chief accessory minerals, which include in addition some fluorite, analcite, zircon, perovskite, chevkinite and hiortdahlite; astrophyllite, eudialyte, lil.venite and catapleiite are present in the veins.
Plutonic nodules in lamprophyric carbonatite dykes near Frederikshåb, South-West Greenland.
Authors: Walton Brian J. , Arnold Allan R.
Published: November 2024

A swarm of thin NW-SE lamprophyric carbonatite dykes of Mesozoic age occurs south of Frederikshab associated with a contemporaneous, parallel swarm of thick dolerites. Apart from local country rock material, inclusions in the lamprophyric carbonatites are mainly of the following types: 1) Single crystals of olivine which were probably mainly derived from the uppermantle. 2) Relatively unmodified garnet- and pyroxene-granulite nodules brought up from a lower crustal level. 3) Nodules, and single crystals, consisting mainly of hornblende and salite which are considered to have formed by metasomatic reactionbetween the carbonatite magma and mainly acid to intermediate lower crustal rocks, possibly at relatively low levels in the dykes. Hornblende shows various stages of growth from initially small, iron-rich crystals to larger, iron-poor crystals which have commonly replaced pyroxenes. The pyroxenes show a similar but less pronounced development. li.) Alkaline nodules which are again thought to have developed by metasomatic reaction between the magma and country rock inclusions, but possibly at higher levels in the dykes. 5) Phlogopite megacrysts which may be partly xenocrystal but which are thought to have mainly crystallised from thecontaminated magma. Complete chemical analyses of lamprophyric carbonatites and partial analyses of individual minerals are presented.
Feeding Biology of Nysius groenlandicus (Zett.) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) in Greenland, with a Note on Oviposition in Relation to Food-Source and Dispersal of the Species.
Authors: Böcher Jens
Published: November 2024

The habitat of Nysius groenlandicus (ZETT.) and field observations of feeding indicated that seeds constitute the food. This was confirmed experimentally; the species is polyphagous, but some seeds are preferred to others, and some are unsuitable. In certain cases the purpose of flower visiting seems to be drinking of nectar. Field studies on the foraging on two species of Compositae demonstrated a cyclic change in the number of bugs attending the capitula. The number was at a minimum at noon and attained its maximum late in the afternoon or in the evening. Mainly females foraged in the capitula, and the percentage of nymphs was lower than on the ground surface. Because of a tendency for N. groenlandicus to oviposit on seeds and fruits, many of which are equipped with a parachute device, it is suggested that the eggs are frequently dispersed by the wind attached to airborne seeds and fruits. This might account for the ubiquity of the species in Greenland.
Fossil Picrodendroid Fruit from the Upper Danian of Nûgssuaq, West Greenland.
Authors: Koch B. Eske
Published: November 2024

Rosenkrantzia picrodendroides n.gen. et n.sp., based on 47 specimens of fossil fruit in very good preservation, is described. The fruit was a nut (or drupe), with a thick pericarp or primitive anatomy. It is l-locular, containing one fully developed seed; about half of the specimens also contain remnants of a second aborted seed. The seed is pendulous from an apical placenta, and has a long longitudinal raphe. Hilum is distal, chalaza basal. The original ovary can be reconstructed: l-locular with min. two ovules, pendulous from the distal placenta, anatropous. The fully developed seed consists mainly of two thick, interrolded cotyledons with no distinct endosperm. The taxonomical investigation includes a study or fruits or two or the recent Picrodendron species. A phylogenetic conclusion is advanced which supports the position of the Picrodendraceae in the order Juglandales. The taxonomic position of Rosenkrantzia appears to lie somewhere between the Cupuliferae (Quercus group) and Juglandales, or in palaeontological terms, between the Dryophyllum and Dewalquea groups.
Danian Foraminifera from Nûgssuaq, West Greenland, with special Reference to Species Occurring in Denmark.
Authors: Hansen Hans Jørgen
Published: November 2024

The stratigraphy of the Lower Danian Kangilia Formation and the Upper Danian Agatdal Formation cropping out on the north coast and in the central part of Nugssuaq is discussed. The local abundance of marine fossils in the Agatdal Formation is explained as due to redeposition and transportation before the shales of the Agatdal Formation were dehydrated and compressed. On the basis of planktonic foraminifera Piz. Globoconusa daubjergensis, Globigerina compressa, Subbotina triloculinoides and Subbotina pseudobulloides the age of the Agatdal Formation is assigned to Upper Danian. The foraminiferal fauna of the Agatdal Formation is composed of 57 species. The affinity of the fauna to European Paleocene faunas is stronger than to North American faunas. The biostratigraphical zonation of Danian deposits based on the occurrence of planktonic foraminifera is discussed. In the systematic part the fauna is described and illustrated. Atlanta primigenia RAVN, 1918, originally described as a heteropod, is shown to be a foraminifer belonging to the genus Cornuspiroides. By measurement of the proloculus diameter it is shown that the distribution of megalospheric proloculi of Bulimina midwayensis remains constant from the Upper Maastrichtian to the Middle Selandian. The same character is used to distinguish Bulimina rosenkrantzi from Bulimina trigonalis and Bulimina thanetensis. On the basis of studies of wall ultrastructures of Subbotina triloculinoides it is shown that the genus Subbotina is well distinguished from the genus Globigerina. The wall of Subbotina triloculinoides is bilamellar with an overlying laminated crust like the one found in Globorotalia menardii, which phenomenon is illustrated by transmission electron micrographs. The genera Allomorphina, Quadrimorphina and Pallaimorphina are discussed. The latter is shown to be a valid genus. Allomorphina is inhomogeneous with respect to species with and without tooth-plates. Allomorphina paleocenica is an allomorphinid without tooth-plate and should accordingly be referred to a genus other than Allomorphina. The author's limited material prevents the establishment of a new genus. In Alabamina rosenkrantzi n. sp. is found a secondary closure of the foramina. Lower Tertiary alabaminas show preferred sinistral coiling. Granulate monolamellar species earlier referred to the genus Eponides are placed in a new genus Paralabamina which belongs to the family Alabaminidae. The genera Gyroidina, Gyroidinoides and the group of species morphologically close to "Gyroidina" soldanii are shown to be well distinguished in apertural characters. The genus Gyroidinoides is transferred to the family Anomalinidae, in which also Gyroidina and "Gyroidina" soldanii belong. Eight new species are described. Two belong to the genus Lenticulina, two to Fissurina, one to Rosalina, one to Pallaimorphina, one to Alabamina and one to Ceratobulimina.
The Vegetation of the Mesters Vig District, Northeast Greenland. General Summary and Discussion.
Authors: Raup Hugh M.
Published: November 2024

Six generalized types of vegetation in the Mesters Vig district are described: moss-sedge meadow, heath tundra, heath-herb tundra, turf hummock vegetation, organic crust vegetation, and the vegetation of dry sites (ledges, talus, trap and till knolls, kames and emerged delta remnants). Lake and sea shore types have been described in an earlier paper, and are of minor significance in the landscape. The six types are analyzed with respect to habitat factors of ground coverage by vascular plants, moisture, and physical disturbance by frost and nonfrost geomorphic processes. Comparisons are made among the proportions of wide, intermediate and narrow tolerances to variations on these factor gradients exhibited by the species that compose the various types. It is proposed that with present knowledge of plant-site relationships the distribution of vascular species and vegetations can be rationalized for the most part in terms of the physical properties of the soil and the moisture supply. A key to the generalized types of vegetation is presented, based primarily on the interrelations of moisture, soil texture, and degree of ground coverage by vascular plants.
Microthermic Observations in Arctic Vegetation.
Authors: Hansen Kjeld
Published: November 2024

In July-August 1965 concurrent microthermic measurements were made at 4 stations in the low-arctic South Greenland (3 in the lowland and 1 in the mountains 610 m a. s. l.) on several biotopes varying in altitude a. s. I., exposure, and vegetation; a transportable thermistor and several stationary thermometers were used in the process. Measurements of daily maxima and minima on the surface of the ground show a close correlation with macroclimatic conditions, exposure, and type of vegetation. In various southward-facing types of scrubs in the lowland maxima up to 52°-57° C were measured in clear weather. Under overcast, possibly rainy conditions the maxima are much lower, especially on northward-facing biotopes (most frequently 20°-25°). Observations of microthermic gradients above ground and below ground (from -10 cm to + 200 cm) show, however, that these extreme maxima mainly occur in the lower layers of the vegetation (5-10 cm), where the vertical difference can be veryhigh (10°-20° C). Evidently, under favourable macroclimatic conditions approximately the same microthermic conditions can prevail in the mountain (610 m a. s. I.) as in the lowland (maximum up to 48° C), whereas when the weather is unfavourable the temperature in the mountain is distinctly lower (8° C).
Eisrandstudien, ausgehend von Sermeq, SW-Grönland.
Authors: Gripp ´Karl
Published: November 2024

Beobachtungen am Sermeq und der Vergleich mit weiteren grönländischen und spitzbergischen Eiszungen ergaben:I. Stauchmoränen, von der Stirn der Eiszunge erzeugta) Flachstauchung1. auf Felsuntergrund vordringendes Eis rollt Tundra-Boden und Schutt auf2. in Lockerboden bei geringer Tiefe vordringendes Eis preßt mit der Unterseite der aufgerichteten tiefsten Eislage steile, schmale Faltenbögen aufb) Tiefstauchungin Lockerboden mehrere 100 m tief eingesenkte Eiszungen pressen ihr Vorland weitreichend zu Dutzenden, eiswärts langsam ansteigender Faltenverwerfungen auf. Deren Köpfe können durch das Meer oder durch Schmelzwässer abgetragen oder übersandert werden. (Kerb-Stauchmoränen von den Flanken zweier Eiszungen erzeugt, wie auf Møn, Rügen und vermutlich im Lønstrup Klint, wurden rezent nicht beobachtet)II. Inglaciale EntwässerungDie inglaciale Entwässerung dürfte von der Eisoberfläche bis hin zur Mündung den kürzesten Weg benutzen. In Zungenbecken werden die Tunnel somit nicht bis auf den Grund des Eises hinabreichen. Da Eislagen am Rand der Zungenbecken aufwärts fliessen, steigen die Tunnel mit diesen empor. Die auf die Austrittsstelle ausgerichteten inglacialen Schmelzwässer behalten aber in einem neuen, tiefer gelegenen Tunnel ihre alte Lage bei.III. Mündung inglacialer TunnelAuf geneigtem Felsgrund gehen inglaciale Tunnel in subglaciale über. Diese enden in von Luft durchströmten Gletschertoren. Wässer inglacialer Tunnel, die bis an den Eisrand reichen, treten wie eine Karst-Quelle aus.IV. Verbreitung der OserSchuttmassen, die am Rande von Zungenbecken innerhalb des aufwärts fließenden Eises in Tunneln abgelagert wurden, gelangen auf die Oberfläche des Eises. Dort werden sie zerspült und ausgebreitet. Dies erklärt das geringe Vorkommen von Osern im Bereich von eisbedecktem Lockerboden.
Fossil Fishes from the Marine Late Palaeozoic of Holm-Amdrup Land, North-East Greenland.
Authors: Bendix-Almgreen Svend Erik
Published: November 2024

This paper presents morphological descriptions and comparisons of some late Palaeozoic fish remains, more precisely teeth, scales and a single fin-spine representing selachians (Ctenacanthus sp. and 'Cladodus' sp.), durophagous elasmobranchs (Lagarodus sp., Petalodus sp., 'Helodus'sp . and a cochliodontid or menaspid representative), and a single actinopterygian (Acrolepis? sp.). The material originates from Upper Carboniferous (Moscovian) and Lower Permian marine deposits constituting the socalled 'Lower Marine group' and 'Upper Marine group' of Holm Land and Amdrup Land (80°-81 °) in North-East Greenland. The collection comprises two faunal assemblages which, being the northernmost of their kind and age yet found, are biostratigraphically evaluated on the basis of comparisons with broadly contemporaneous fish faunal material from Europe (particularly the U.S.S.R.) and from North America. The palaeontological evidence presented, including certain aspects of the author's recent investigations of new Heliocoprion material from Arctic Canada, indicates rather conclusively a late Lower Permian (perhaps Roadian) age for the uppermost part of the 'Upper Marine group'. It is concluded that this part of the Holm Land - Amdrup Land marine sequencecan be broadly correlated with: 1) The Assistance Formation of Arctic Canada, 2) the Meade Peak Member of the middle Phosphoria Formation of western U.S.A., and 3) the Brachiopod Cherts of western Spitsbergen. On basis of chronostratigraphical evidence a broad correlation of the Holm Land - Amdrup Land marine sequence and the late Palaeozoic continental Mesters Vig Formation of central East Greenland is attempted. A final short comment concerns changes in composition between the elasmobranchassemblage from the late Lower Permian of Amdrup Land, as now known, and the richly varied fauna found in the Upper Permian (Araksian) Foldvik Creek Formation of central East Greenland.
Precambrian Ultramfic Rocks South of Sermilik, Frederikshåb District, South-West Greenland.
Authors: Mísař Zdeněk
Published: November 2024

The petrography and both whole rock and trace element chemistry of ultramafic bodies is described. The ultramafic bodies occur in large numbers in the Precambrian south of Sermilik and are associated with amphibolites. Their shapes are secondary, but in many cases the arrangement of both small lenses and major bodies suggests that they had a primary sheet-like form. The original contacts of the ultramafic rocks with the country rocks have not been preserved because they developed reaction zones with their host rocks during metamorphism under amphibolite facies conditions. The ultramafics have been divided into three main groups. The first group consists of primary serpentinized peridotites and serpentinites, which escaped amphibolization and form the cores of the bodies. The second group includes amphibolized primary ultramafics such as foliated tremolite/actinolite-bearing rocks, which formed at the outer part of the ultramafic bodies as internal reaction zones. The third group comprises biotite hornblende rocks which form the outer reaction zones of the ultramafic lenses and arose from amphibolites or hornblende gneisses and not from the primary ultramafics.
Appendix
Authors: Mattox William G.
Published: November 2024

Intet resumé.
Remains of Mosses and Freshwater Animals in some Holocene Lake and Bog Sediments from Greenland.
Authors: Fredskild Bent , Jacobsen Niels , Røen Ulrik
Published: November 2024

Core samples of South Greenland lake sediments have been investigated as regards macroscopical remains of mosses and freshwater animals. Besides many widespread species the deeper samples contained species now occurring only in North Greenland, e.g. Bryum neodamense ssp. ovatum and Lepidurus arcticus. During the hypsithermal, Cristatella mucedo lived in one of the lakes. The upper samples are poor in species, partly a result of an oligotrophication of the lakes. From Peary Land, North Greenland, remains from one lake and one bog have been determined. The species found all occur in present day Peary Land.
Investigations on the Ecology and Phenology of the Macromycetes in the Arctic.
Authors: Petersen Peter Milan
Published: November 2024

The macromycete flora at Godhavn, Disko, West Greenland (69°14.'N, 53°31'W) has been studied over a three year period, 1970-72. 170 permanent quadrates of 1 square meter each, distributed over 16 sites, were inspected four times a month throughout the growing season. The number of fruit bodies present, as well as the number produced since the last inspection, was recorded. On the basis of these data, the phenology of the macromycete flora in the area is described, and the differences in this respect between the three years are stated. In Godhavn, the fungus season may be divided into a vernal, an aestival and a seasonal aspect; the peak of the season occurred in the first half of August. During the growing season, several variable environmental factors have been measured (precipitation, solar radiation, soil moisture content, soil temperature, and the phenology of the deciduous mycorrhiza associates). An attempt has been made to correlate the fructification of the macromycetes with these factors. There was a high degree of accordance between fructification and solar irradiance as well as soil temperature. It is demonstrated that the soil temperature, as expressed by the daily temperature sum, is positively correlated with the daily solar irradiance. It seems evident that low soil temperatures may delay the growth and development of the macromycete mycelia so much that there is insufficienttime left for fructification before the definitive decrease of the soil temperature in the autumn. - Locally, the brevity of the frost free period, as well as a low soil water content may have been limiting in some of the years. A comparison is made between the macromycete flora in the Arctic and in the temperate forest zone, mainly on the basis of the present investigation and the paperof LANGE (1948a} on the Agarics of Maglemose (in Denmark). It is stated that in the Arctic, the number of species is lower, the individual species of a more sporadic occurrence, and the ratio of litter decomposers to mycorrhiza forming species lower than in the temperate forest zone. The causes of these differences are discussed.
Géologie et pétrographie des roches sédimentaires et volcaniques kétilidiennes (proterozoique inférieur) de la baignoire d'Arsuk, Groenland Meridional.
Authors: Muller Jacques
Published: November 2024

The Arsuk Ø area is situated along the north-western border of the Early Proterozoic (> 1750 m. y.) mobile belt of South Greenland. Around Arsuk Ø reactivated Archaean (> 2500 m. y.) basement is represented by gneiss, amphibolites and migmatites belonging to several lithological series. In the Arsuk basin Earl y Proterozoic ( Ketilidian) supracrustals consist of a group of sedimentary rocks which is overlain by a group of volcanic rocks. The sedimentary Ikerasârssuk Group, with a thickness between 1000 and 1500 m, consists of semi-pelites and pelites with several zones of pyrite-bearing graphite schists and dolomitic limestones. There are also numerous sills of basic rocks which have the same age as the overlying group of volcanic rocks. In some localities the basal member of the group consists of feldspathic quartzites. The volcanic Arsuk Group, the upper part of which is eroded away, has a measured thickness of 4200 m. It consists of pillow lavas, basic massive lavas, volcanic breccias, lapillis and tuflites. There are also some ultrabasic rocks and thin horizons of pyrite-bearing graphite schists with chert. These supracrustal rocks underwent intense deformation at the close of the Early Proterozoic. Three phases can be recognised. The first phase produced N-S to NNE-SSW recumbent folds and the regional schistosity. Refolding during the second phase resulted in folds with E-W to ESE-trending axial planes and a strain slip cleavage. The last phase produced N-S trending structures. The grade of metamorphism during the first phase of det'ormation corresponds to greenschist facies. In the supracrustals close to the basement recrystallisation in amphibolite facies took place between the first and third phases of folding. This shows the existence of a gradient towards still higher grade metamorphic conditions in the underlying Archaean basement undergoing therough reconstitution at the end of the Early Prol.erozoic. As a result of the deformation the stratigraphical unconformity between the Early Proterozoic ( Ketilidian) supracrustals and the Archaean basement has been destroyed. During the Gardar period (Middle Proterozoic: > 950 m.y.) and again during the Mesozoic faulting and dyking occurred.
Anthropometrical studies on greenlanders from two villages in the Upernavik area.
Authors: Balslev Jørgensen J. , Dahl Jens , Sangvichien Sanjai
Published: November 2024

The anthropometrical studies in Augpilagtoq and Kraulshavn, Upernavik Municipality, were carried out during two expeditions; in 1968 to Augpilagtoq and in 1969 to Kraulshavn. In 1968 the expedition included several human-biological aspects and was joined by scientists from the other Scandinavian countries. In 1969 the expedition included many biological aspects too, but this year all members were Danes. Both expeditions were financed by grants from Statens Lægevidenskabelige Forskningsråd (L 78/68 and 512-33/69). The ministry for Greenland granted free transportation for some of the members of the expeditions.
Anthropometrical and skinfold thickness measurements on the Polar Eskimos, Thule District, North Greenland.
Authors: Gilberg R. , Balslev Jørgensen J. , Laughlin William S.
Published: November 2024

Anthropometrical observations on 122 Polar Eskimos from the Thule area, North Greenland are referred and analyzed. Pure Polar Eskimos are compared with hybrids from the Thule District and with corresponding figures from Wainwright Alaska. The Wainwright Eskimos are taller and of heavier body build than the Polar Eskimos. In both places the hybrids are taller than the pure Eskimos. The body proportions are the same in all groups whereas the Wainwright Eskimos have definitely shorter heads than the Polar Eskimos.Skinfold thickness measurements on the Polar Eskimos reveal, that in males the amount of subcutaneus fat, after childhood, remains fairly constant through life. In females, fat is accumulated up to the age of 20, after which time it slowly disappears again through the ages. This investigation was supported by; WHO (G 2/379/1 1963), Statens Videnskabsfond (L 75/68), the Ministry of Greenland, the University of Wisconsin. Laboratory work was carried out in:Universitetets Anthropologiske LaboratoriumNørre Alle 63, Copenhagen Ø.
Grønlands Lichen-Flora
Authors: Branth J. S. Deichmann , Grønlund Chr.
Published: November 2024

Resumé findes ikke.
Oversigt over Grønlands Svampe
Authors: Rostrup E.
Published: November 2024

Resumé findes ikke.