bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of the origin of corruption as a phenomenon and the degree of influence of the historical aspect on the formation of the modern concept of "corruption"
Authors: Bondarenko O.S.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to a retrospective analysis of the origin of corruption as a phenomenon and the degree of influence of the historical aspect on the formation of the modern term of "corruption. The author emphasizes that the approach proposed in scientific doctrine regarding the existence of two aspects (legal and doctrinal) to the construction of a concept is limited. It is suggested to take into account the historical aspect. It's important because in order to form a quality concept that will be clear, accessible and will not require constant updating and improvement. It is noted that initially the existence of the first states, corruption was assessed positively and acceptably. Only the Babylonian king of the city-state of Lagash, Urukagina, tried to change the government to stop the abuse of officials, judges and temple officials. In ancient Greece and Rome, the essence of corruption was interpreted in a unique and different way from the modern notion. Ancient Egyptian law differentiated liability for bribery based on the amount of illicit income. The experience of understanding and counteracting corruption on the territory of modern Ukraine in different historical periods is analyzed. It is emphasized that the process of historical development of the concept of "corruption" was quite complex and largely depended on the political regime, political will and the essence of perception and awareness of this phenomenon in a particular society, during a particular period of historical development. We are convinced that the current legislative definition of corruption in our country in no way reflects the historical heritage, because it is generally focused on international documents. It is concluded that a retrospective analysis of the development of corruption as a phenomenon shows that it is not always perceived as antisocial. Only gradually did mankind realize the nature and degree of its negative impact on the processes of social life. This awareness has forced the state to provide a definition of this phenomenon, which has been significantly transformed over the years. The modern definition of "corruption" should comply with international requirements, but taking into account historical heritage can greatly simplify the law enforcement process and make the law more understandable and accessible.
Study on thyroid function test in pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Nayak Ajit Kumar , Swain Manorama , Misra Sujata , Jain Manju Kumari
Published: August 2021

Thyroid disorder is a very common endocrine problem encountered by pregnant women. Maternal thyroid dysfunction is associated with adverse outcome both in mother and fetus.

The aim of the study: to find out the prevalence of various thyroid disorders in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic.

Materials and methods. This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, F.M. Medical College & Hospital, Balasore, Odisha from June 2020 to May 2021. 220 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancy were included. Serum Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3) were estimated by using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay technique.

Results. Out of 220 pregnant women screened for thyroid dysfunction, 68 were found to have thyroid disorders. 27.3 % of pregnant women had subclinical hypothyroidism, 1.4 % had overt hypothyroidism, 1.8 % had subclinical hyperthyroidism and 0.5 % had overt hyperthyroidism. Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 6.36 % when the upper reference limit of TSH level taken as 4 mIU/L. Prevalence of thyroid disorder among pregnant women in the age groups 18–25 years, 26–30 years and 31–40 years were 28.9 %, 32.1 % and 38.9 % respectively. There were 35.5 %, 28 % and 26 % pregnant women with thyroid disorders in the first, second and third trimester respectively. Prevalence of both subclinical and overt hypothyroidism were more in multigravida compared to primigravida.

Conclusion. Our study revealed high prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnant women and maternal subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common pattern.
Use of probiotics for formation of microflora of gastrointestinal tract of calves
Authors: Shkromada Oksana , Dudchenko Yuliia , Udovenko Yana
Published: August 2021

The results of the use of probiotic strains of microorganisms of the Bacillus family for the correction and formation of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract and the impact on metabolism in calves are presented.

The aim of the study. To analyze the effect of probiotics on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in calves and biochemical parameters of blood in calves up to one month.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted during 2020 in the conditions of Ukrainian farms for cattle breeding. Five experimental groups of five one-week-old calves were formed in each and one control group. Calves were kept separately in the same conditions on the same diet, but with feeding together with colostrum substitute probiotics of five grams per animal: Bacillus amyloliquefaciense, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus. The strains are deposited and produced by “Kronos Agro” Ukraine.

Results. It was found that as a result of studies when feeding calves B. coagulans, B. pumilus and B. mucilaginosus the number of Lactobacillus sp. was 80 % higher than in the control group. The level of opportunistic pathogens in the experimental group with B. coagulans had minimal values. Animals in the group where B. mucilaginosus was given had a higher amount of Candida - up to 300 CFU/g and Enterobacteriaceae – 200 CFU/g; which is 50 % less compared to control groups, but more than in the experiment with B. coagulans. According to the results of biochemical examination of blood serum in calves, the absence of toxic effects of probiotic strains: Bacillus amyloliquefaciense, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus on the internal organs of animals was established.

Conclusions. It was found that the maximum positive effect on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of calves up to 30 days of age had B. coagulans (1×109) when fed at a dose of 5 g per animal. The amount of Lactobacillus sp. was the maximum and reached 800 CFU/g, which is 80 % more than in the control group. At the same time, the level of opportunistic pathogens in the experimental group with B. coagulans had minimal indicators and was: Clostridium by 20 %, Escherichia coli – by 70 %, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus and Candida – 100 % less than the control.

In the study of biochemical parameters, it was found that the activity of enzymes, protein and glucose levels in the serum of experimental animals fed with B. coagulans were within the physiological norm, indicating a normal metabolic process and no toxic effects.
Pharmacopeial aspects of preparation of infusions and decoctions in pharmacies
Authors: Melnyk Halyna , Yarnykh Tatyana , Buryak Marina
Published: August 2021

An analytical review of pharmacopoeial aspects of preparation of infusions and decoctions in pharmacies is presented.

The aim of this work is to conduct a comparative analysis of pharmacopoeial requirements for the technology of infusions and decoctions in pharmacies.

Materials and methods of the research. Comparative analysis of pharmacopoeial requirements was performed using methods of systematic and structural-logical analysis.

Results and discussions. It was found that in many pharmacopoeias (European, British, Italian, French, Czech, Kazakh) there are no instructions on the pharmacy technology of these dosage forms. Only the pharmacopoeias of Japan, Austria, Belarus and Russia contain separate monographs on the extemporaneous preparation of infusions and decoctions.

 After analyzing these monographs, it was found that the definition of infusions and decoctions as a dosage form differs. It was found that the Japanese Pharmacopoeia regulates the preliminary preparation of medicinal plant raw materials (soaking for 5 minutes in water), in other pharmacopoeias there is no such requirement. When conducting a comparative analysis of the technology of preparation of infusions and decoctions, we observe that the ratio of medicinal plant raw materials (MPRM) and extractant and extraction modes differ.

Conclusions. An analytical review of pharmacopoeial aspects of preparation of infusions and decoctions in pharmacies is presented.

A comparative analysis of the requirements for technology and quality control of infusions and decoctions in accordance with pharmacopoeial articles revealed both different and similar information. The results of the research showed that despite the differences in the structures of articles and names, as well as approaches to the definition of this dosage form, some requirements are similar (particle size of MPRM). The differences that were found include the ratio of MPRM and extractant, extraction modes.

Taking into account the data of the analysis and the existing national requirements, the authors proposed a draft general pharmacopoeial article “Infusions and decoctions made in pharmacies”.
Application of the principles of international standards to ensure quality and safety in the development of technology of bakery products of increased nutritional value
Authors: Ibraimova Saniya , Uazhanova Raushangul , Serikbaeva Ayana , Mardar Maryna
Published: August 2021

In order to manage quality and safety in the development of technology for new types of bakery products of increased nutritional value, the HACCP system was used. Marketing research has shown that consumers would like to see more nutritious breads with natural additives on store shelves. Juniper (Juniperucommunis L) is one of the traditional crops growing in Kazakhstan and characterized by a high content of biologically active substances. In this regard, 3 % of crushed juniper fruits were added to the bread recipe. In the course of research, a HACCP plan was developed for a new type of bread with increased nutritional value with the inclusion of juniper. As a result of the analysis of the bread production process, hazardous factors were identified and safety management measures were determined. Three critical control points were identified – during preparation (cleaning and grinding) of juniper fruits, during dough fermentation, and during storage of finished products. Once risk factors were identified, critical limits were identified, a monitoring procedure was established, and corrective actions were developed. The developed HACCP plan was tested at an enterprise for the production of bakery products, which led to an increase in the safety of products, and, accordingly, to an increase in its competitiveness in the consumer market of Kazakhstan.
The Use of Microbial Inoculants in Crop Production for Food Security Sustainability
Authors: Agbowuro Gbenga Oluwayomi , Ayeyo Morolake Elizabeth , Emecho Tejiri Sophia
Published: August 2021

Increasing human population, war, climate change, herdsmen-farmers clashes, banditry, terrorism, political unrest affected crop production negatively. These factors widen the gap between food production supply and its demand. In an attempt to fill this gap, agrochemicals were used to increase crop yield to meet the food demand of the ever-increasing population. Agrochemical’s introduction was accepted initially due to their quick and nonspecific actions. Decades later, these agrochemicals begin to pose threats to human and livestock health, causing land degradation, ecosystem imbalance, reduction in soil fertility and productivity. To avert the negative effects of agrochemicals on food and feed products, soil, water quality, and the environment. The use of a safe and eco-friendly alternative was developed. Microbial inoculants serve to be the best substitute for agrochemicals with substantial benefits in sustainable crop production and environmental sustainability. This review aims at updating available information on the benefits of using microbial inoculants in boosting crop production and the strategies to adopt for its effectiveness.
Antioxidative Potential and Phytochemical Content of Detox Water
Authors: Ariyawansa Ganguli P , Ramanathan Rahini
Published: August 2021

Detox water is a fusion of different fruits immersed in water. It has been shown to possess many health benefits including toxin removal, increased immune function, weight loss and hydration. The following research aimed to extend previous investigation into the beneficial properties of detox water by determining the antioxidant potential and phytochemical content of water infused with a combination of Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) and Fuji apple (Malus domestica) in different ratios. The three trails studied were 25:75 (T1), 50:50 (T2) and 75:25 (T3) Apple: Orange ratios.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were assayed using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl- DPPH assay, the Folin Ciocalteu assay and the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay respectively. The assays were carried out on water samples taken at 0.5, 1,2,4,6 and 8 hours after infusion, and on the fruit residue. Vitamin C concentration of the water and fruit residue were determined by titration against potassium iodide at the eight- hour of infusion. The antioxidant, TPC and TFC values of water samples increased with infusion time. At the eight-hour, the antioxidant potential of the water samples ranged from 74.45% (T1) - 68.16% (T3). The TPC, TFC and Vitamin C values for all three trails were found to be significantly different (p<0.05), with TPC values of 189.01 µg GAE/ml sample (T1), 172.10 µg GAE/ml sample (T2) and 144.82 µg GAE/ml sample (T3); TFC values were 32.11 µg QE/ml sample (T1), 25.24 µg QE/ml sample (T2) and 17.62 µg QE/ml sample (T3). Vitamin C values were 237.76 µg vitamin C/ml sample (T1), 161.44 µg vitamin C/ml sample (T2) and 114.48 µg vitamin C/ml sample (T3). The fruit residues possessed very low antioxidant potential and phytochemical content. The study has proven that detox water possesses beneficial properties due to its high phytochemical content.
Effects of foreign direct investment on economic growth in Ghana: the role of institutions
Authors: Kulu Evans , Mensah Samuel , Mike Sena Prince
Published: August 2021

The role of institutions in both the inflow and the impact of foreign direct investment is of great im¬portance. The quality of institutions in a country can direct investment towards improving growth. This paper analyzes the individual and combined effect of foreign direct investment and institutions on economic growth in Ghana. The paper used the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) tech¬nique for secondary data obtained from 1995 to 2019. All data series, except for the quality institution index, were drawn from the World Bank Development Indicators. Institutional Quality Index data was obtained from the Heritage Foundation’s Economic Freedom Index website. The results of the ARDL model indicate that foreign direct investment and a quality institutional index together have a significantly positive effect on a country’s economic growth compared to their individual effects in both the short and long run. The study recommends that government policies should be aimed at attracting foreign direct investment while strengthening institutions and regulations to enhance output growth.
The reality and obstacles of implementing primary teachers with the engineering design in teaching science
Authors:   College of Education, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, Almuqbil Norah Saleh M.
Published: August 2021

The research aims to determine the science teachers' knowledge level in elementary schools about the engineering design concept. It determines the application level of engineering design among the science teachers at the elementary level in teaching science and highlights the obstacles faced in implementing these. The descriptive survey method was used to achieve the research aim by applying a questionnaire to a sample of 97 science teachers in primary schools in Riyadh city. The research was limited to the concepts of engineering design and engineering practices as mentioned in the next generation of NGSS science standards. It was found that science teachers were unaware of the importance of developing engineering design skills among students. It might be due to ineffective teachers' training in engineering design skills development. It is strongly suggested to educate supervisors about the importance of directing male and female teachers to apply engineering design in science teaching for the elementary stage. It is essential to provide appropriate educational laboratories and means for employing engineering design and teaching science for the elementary stage.
Контактные свойства градиентных материалов с высоким показателем градиентности
Authors: Ляшенко Я.А. , Попов В.Л.
Published: August 2021

An adhesive contact between an incompressible parabolic indenter and a half-space is investigated, the modulus of elasticity of which is a power-law function of depth. A diagram showing the areas corresponding to a stable solution of the contact problem for high gradientness indexes is shown. It is shown that the adhesive contact between materials with a high gradientness indexes is not destroyed when they are moved at any distance from each other.
Анализ пороговых параметров начала акустической кавитации жидкости в зависимости от частоты ультразвукового поля, гидростатического давления и температуры
Authors: Смирнов И.В. , Михайлова Н.В. , Якупов Б.А. , Волков Г.А.
Published: August 2021

Проведено сравнение критерия инкубационного времени кавитации и классического критерия нестабильной кавитации. Показано, что критерий инкубационного времени кавитации может быть универсальной основой для оценки пороговых значений отрицательного давления в широком диапазоне частот колебаний звукового поля, при различных температурах жидкости и значениях гидростатического давления. В отличие от классического критерия он не требует информации о микропараметрах дефектной структуры материала. С другой стороны, комбинация двух критериев позволяет определить частотную зависимость диапазона радиусов активных кавитационных зародышей. Кроме того, обсуждена физическая сущность макропараметров жидкости, используемых в критерии инкубационного времени кавитации. Показано, что инкубационное время кавитации может быть связано с числом Гиббса и скоростью нуклеации зародышей кавитации. Ключевые слова: акустическая кавитация, ультразвук, пороговая амплитуда, критерий инкубационного времени.
Разработка высокоразрешающих фотоматериалов НИЦ "Курчатовский институт" для ядерных исследований
Authors: Рябова Р.В. , Балыш А.Я. , Пономарев А.Н. , Сенченков Е.П.
Published: August 2021

В ходе программы разработки фотографических материалов высокого разрешения для исследований по физике нейтрино показана возможность получения ядерной эмульсии с разрешающей способностью, превосходящей известные материалы в 5 раз. Чувствительность в таких материалах сохраняется на высоком уровне, достаточном для регистрации ядерного излучения. При увеличении концентрации галоидного серебра до 80 wt.% ядерные фотоматериалы можно будет использовать для решения многих физических задач. Ключевые слова: фотографические материалы, разрешающая способность, ядерная фотоэмульсия, физика нейтрино, галоидное серебро.
Оптимизация масс-сепараторов
Authors: Лукашевич В.В.
Published: August 2021

The optimization of separator masses in this paper is based on the realization of the linearity of the system under study and the consequences of Liouville's theorem. The properties of several mass separators with an ion energy of 30 keV and a beam emittance of 4 mm*mrad are considered. Focusing is provided by an aberration-free lens and a magnetic corrector. Phase diagrams along the beam path are in the form of parallelograms, which indicates the absence of geometric aberrations. For each of the separators, the resolution calculated in the linear approximation coincides with the simulation results. It is shown that a mass separator based on a magnet with a rotation angle of 54.70 has a resolution of about 5000, and a separator based on two magnets with a rotation angle of 450 and 900, respectively, has a resolution of 14000-15000.
Высокочувствительная экспрессная нелинейно-оптическая диагностика кристаллического состояния гетероструктур типа сфалерита
Authors: Ступак М.Ф. , Михайлов Н.Н. , Дворецкий С.А. , Макаров С.Н. , Елесин А.Г. , Верхогляд А.Г.
Published: August 2021

Stupak M.F.1,3, Mikhailov N.N.2,3, Dvoretsky S.A.2,4, Makarov S.N.1, Yelesin A.G.1, Verhoglyad A.G.1

1 Technological Design Institute of Scientific Instrument Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (TDI SIE SB RAS), Novosibirsk, 630058, Russian, 41
2 The Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISP SB RAS), Novosibirsk, 630090, etc. Akad. Lavrentieva, 13
3 Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, 630090, Pirogov, 2
4 Tomsk State University (TSU), 634050, Tomsk, Etc. Lenin, 36
Tel: 7 913 948-9824, e. Mail: stupak@tdisie.nsc.ru

Annotation. The characteristics of a highly sensitive express stand of non-linear-optical diagnosis of crystalline structures such as sphalerite by generation of the second harmonica are presented. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative characterization capabilities was carried out using the stand of features of crystalline parameters of layers of heteroepitaxial structures cdhHg1-xTe on substralis from GaAs with orientation (013). The results were obtained by deviations of orientation in layers from the orientation of the substrate, which arose during the epitaxy, to determine the existence of stresses. The high sensitivity of the stand revealed the presence/absence of micro-particles with a disordered crystalline structure. Experimental results of reversible modification of the "in situ" crystalline state of CdxHg1-xTe structures with short-term local radiation exposure of high power laser radiation are given. New experimental data have been presented showing that the components of the nonlineaic susceptibility tensor cxyz(w) of the crystalline structure of CdxHg1-xTe depend on composition and are an order of magnitude larger than similar components of tensor in CdTe and GaAs.
A Digital Self-management Program (Help to Overcome Problems Effectively) for People Living With Cancer: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wright Hayley , Martin Faith , Clyne Wendy , Clark Cain C T , Matouskova Gabriela , McGillion Michael , Turner Andrew
Published: August 2021

Background

We present the results of a feasibility, randomized waitlist control group (CG) parallel design study with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants were randomized into an intervention group (IG) or a waitlist CG. The intervention was a 6-week digital self-management program, Help to Overcome Problems Effectively (HOPE), for people with cancer.

Objective

This study aims to test the feasibility of a digitally delivered self-management program for people with cancer. This will inform the design of a definitive randomized controlled trial. In addition, a preliminary assessment of the impact of the HOPE program via secondary outcomes will be used to assess signals of efficacy in a trial context.

Methods

Participants were drawn from an opportunity sample, referred by Macmillan Cancer Support, and were invited via email to participate in the study (N=61). Primary outcomes were rates of recruitment, retention, follow-up, completion and adherence, sample size and effect size estimation, and assessment of progression criteria for a definitive trial. Secondary outcomes were self-report measures of participants’ positive mental well-being, depression, anxiety, and patient activation (ie, confidence in managing their cancer). The intervention and data collection took place on the web.

Results

The recruitment rate was 77% (47/61). A total of 41 participants completed the baseline questionnaires and were randomized to either the IG (n=21) or the waitlist CG (n=20). The retention rate (attending all program sessions) was greater than 50% (all: 21/41, 51%, IG: 10/21, 48%; and CG: 11/20, 55%). The follow-up rate (completing all questionnaires) was greater than 80% (all: 33/41, 80%; IG: 16/21, 76%; and CG: 17/20, 85%). The completion rate (attending ≥3 sessions and completing all questionnaires) was greater than 60% (all: 25/41, 61%; IG: 13/21, 62%; and CG: 12/20, 60%). Engagement data showed that participants viewed between half (5.1/10, 51%) and three-quarters (12.2/16, 76%) of the pages in each session.

Conclusions

All progression criteria for a definitive trial were met, as supported by the primary outcome data. The IG showed improved postprogram scores on measures of positive mental well-being, depression, anxiety, and patient activation. A full-scale trial of the digital HOPE program for people with cancer will allow us to fully evaluate the efficacy of the intervention relative to a CG.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN79623250; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN79623250

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/24264
Privacy-Preserving Anonymity for Periodical Releases of Spontaneous Adverse Drug Event Reporting Data: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Wang Jie-Teng , Lin Wen-Yang
Published: August 2021

Background

Spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs) have been increasingly established to collect adverse drug events for fostering adverse drug reaction (ADR) detection and analysis research. SRS data contain personal information, and so their publication requires data anonymization to prevent the disclosure of individuals’ privacy. We have previously proposed a privacy model called MS(k, θ*)-bounding and the associated MS-Anonymization algorithm to fulfill the anonymization of SRS data. In the real world, the SRS data usually are released periodically (eg, FDA Adverse Event Reporting System [FAERS]) to accommodate newly collected adverse drug events. Different anonymized releases of SRS data available to the attacker may thwart our single-release-focus method, that is, MS(k, θ*)-bounding.

Objective

We investigate the privacy threat caused by periodical releases of SRS data and propose anonymization methods to prevent the disclosure of personal privacy information while maintaining the utility of published data.

Methods

We identify potential attacks on periodical releases of SRS data, namely, BFL-attacks, mainly caused by follow-up cases. We present a new privacy model called PPMS(k, θ*)-bounding, and propose the associated PPMS-Anonymization algorithm and 2 improvements: PPMS+-Anonymization and PPMS++-Anonymization. Empirical evaluations were performed using 32 selected FAERS quarter data sets from 2004Q1 to 2011Q4. The performance of the proposed versions of PPMS-Anonymization was inspected against MS-Anonymization from some aspects, including data distortion, measured by normalized information loss; privacy risk of anonymized data, measured by dangerous identity ratio and dangerous sensitivity ratio; and data utility, measured by the bias of signal counting and strength (proportional reporting ratio).

Results

The best version of PPMS-Anonymization, PPMS++-Anonymization, achieves nearly the same quality as MS-Anonymization in both privacy protection and data utility. Overall, PPMS++-Anonymization ensures zero privacy risk on record and attribute linkage, and exhibits 51%-78% and 59%-82% improvements on information loss over PPMS+-Anonymization and PPMS-Anonymization, respectively, and significantly reduces the bias of ADR signal.

Conclusions

The proposed PPMS(k, θ*)-bounding model and PPMS-Anonymization algorithm are effective in anonymizing SRS data sets in the periodical data publishing scenario, preventing the series of releases from disclosing personal sensitive information caused by BFL-attacks while maintaining the data utility for ADR signal detection.
A Moderated Mediation Analysis of Social Media Self-disclosure and Gender on the Relationship Between Attachment Anxiety and Cyberbullying Victimization in Chinese College Students: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Xixi , Huang Yitong
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Cyberbullying has become a growing public health concern that threatens the physical and mental health of young people worldwide. Despite a rising call for more research on victims of cyberbullying, there is still limited understanding of the psychological and behavioral mechanism underlying cyberbullying victimization (CV), especially among the Chinese population. However, such information is crucial for identifying potential victims and planning targeted educational and protective interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the relationship between attachment anxiety (AA), social media self-disclosure (SMSD) and CV among Chinese college students and to examine the moderating role of gender.

METHODS

A web-based questionnaire was constructed to assess AA, SMSD, and CV with validated scales. Mediation analysis, t-tests, moderation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis were performed and bootstrap method was used to estimate bias-corrected confidence interval.

RESULTS

The sample consisted of 845 Chinese college students who used social media (female=635, mean age =18.7 years old). AA had a weak but statistically significant positive effect on CV (β=.06, t=2.652, p=.008), partially mediated by SMSD (β=.008, p<.001, 95%CI=[0.001, 0.018]), 14.5% of total effect). Gender moderated the second stage of the mediation path, namely the SMSD-CV path (β=-.095, t=-2.195, p=.029) as well as the direct AA-CV path (β=.062, t=2.38, p=.018). Males displayed a stronger direct effect of AA on CV whereas females showed a stronger indirect effect of AA on CV mediated through SMSD.

CONCLUSIONS

High AA is associated with high CV in Chinese college students and hence should be attended to in interventions targeting cyberbullying victims. In females, after accounting for SMSD, the AA-CV relationship is no longer significant, which means educating females on risks of excessive and indiscreet SMSD may suffice to mitigate the increased risk of CV brought about by high AA. However, the mechanism underlying males’ AA-CV relationship warrants more research in the future. The model resulting from this research should be a starting point for developing more sophisticated tools for surveilling and protecting potential victims of cyberbullying.
Telemedicine acts as an Ambulatory Hospital during COVID-19 Crises: A cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan , Essa Rawand , Ahmad Paiman , Qadir Omed , Issa Issa A
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

In close touch with communication networks, telemedicine has often developed. The COVID-19 outbreak has changed how client care is delivered in the hospitals. In recent years, Telemedicine is more acceptable and more widely available in more than 100 countries.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness telemedicine services to reduce psychological problems, reduce infection spread with screening and management patients both those with and those without COVID-19

METHODS

This was cross-sectional (descriptive study) was conducted in Raparin district Kurdistan region-iraq, From 11 March 2020 to 11 April 2020

RESULTS

Nine hundred people participated in this study, mean age 39 years old. Hundred percent of them had heard about the word of quarantine for the first time. And 85% of populations have asked about the threats of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Approximately 75% of calls were questions about COVID-19; 72% of them had symptoms of cough and flu, 28% had fever. Above 98% participants have been reassured psychologically and 92% of them have gotten benefit from our team

CONCLUSIONS

Using telemedicine is more tolerable during health crisis particularly in developing countries.
Solar Simulation Model to Find Optimal Solution for Domestic Load
Authors: Magray Mujeeb Jeelani
Published: August 2021

Looking at the energy sector of India, it is the 3rd largest producer in the world and holds the largest grid in the world. Despite the presence of largest grid, still frequent power outage, delivery of low quality of power and unreliability of supply persistent in some areas. This unreliable power supply creates hindrance in the overall development of the region. On the other hand solar power is most widely used source of renewable energy, can be able to provide feasible solution. By installation of solar PV array in the premises of the load center the reliability will be increased. The power production from the PV is also cost competitive and environment friendly. As solar PV power is intermittent in nature, the most old and mature storage technology ,i.e. battery can be integrated to mitigate this intermittency nature. The present study examines the feasibility and optimizes the size of such system, while the cost competitiveness is kept at the center.
Influence of Mobile Phones on Visual Performance of Students
Authors: Yadav Priti
Published: August 2021

To analyze and describe the quantitative data of a especially designed well structured questionnaire to survey the influence of mobile phones on students eyes among the students of a senior secondary school. 1.2-Design-A prospective descriptive non comparative cross-section study. 1.3-Method-100 students are included in this study [50 boys and 50 girls]. After explanation of nature of the impact on eye sight to the students .they fulfilled a specially design form for survey which included 21 questions of high validity and reliability. 1.3-Results-the most remarkable result in this study was recording that 88% of the students sample was used to spend 5 hours or more on a daily basis. Thus, were complaining of one or more of manifestation. Dry eye, headache, blurred vision, eye strain, neck and shoulder pain, fatigue and eye redness were recorded in 30%,24%,33%,20%,23%,14% and 29% respectively. 1.4-Conclusion -This study proved that there are a number of factor that determine the amount of strain on your body feels as work on you work on a mobile phone or other digital devices, including lightening in the room, distance from the screen ,posture, and angle of your head -not to mention and existing vision problems you may have. This study recorded that dry eye, blurred vision, eye strain headache, were the most common symptoms while using smart phones.
Microcontroller based Automatic Power Factor Correction for Industrial Power use to Minimize Penalty
Authors: Varun Ch .
Published: August 2021

In this proposed system, two zero crossing detectors are used for detecting zero crossing of voltage and current. The project is meant to attenuate penalty for industrial units using automatic power factor correction unit. The microcontroller utilized during this project belongs to 8051 family. The interruption between the zero-voltage pulse and zero-current pulse is duly generated by suitable operational amplifier circuits in comparator mode is fed to 2 interrupt pins of a microcontroller. The program takes over to actuate appropriate number of relays from its output to bring shunt capacitors into load circuit to urge the facility factor till it reaches near unity. The capacitor bank and relays are interfaced to the microcontroller employing a relay driver. It displays delay between this and voltage on an LCD. Furthermore, the project is enhanced by using thyristor control switches rather than relay control to avoid contact pitting often encountered by switching of capacitors because of high in rush current.
RAKSHA 24x7: Women Protection Device Using Arduino
Authors: Joy Daliya
Published: August 2021

In the present scenario, women are keeping pace with men in every walk of their life but unfortunately at cost being subjected to abuse, harassment, violence in public, and even at their own houses. They cannot step out of their houses at any time of the day, cannot wear clothes as per their will, nor can they even go to work in peace. There is some kind of inhibition that women are always subjected to, which not only takes away their sense of freedom but also shatters their self-confidence and dreams. Women safety has always been an issue even in this modern society with advanced technologies. Women are not safe anywhere. The daily number of cases of abusing women is raising every day is an ideal illustration of the atrocities that the women experience. So, it is essential to ensure the safety and security of women. For this purpose, a women protection device using Arduino is proposed with technologies like IoT, GSM, and MEMS. This device is entirely controlled by an Arduino UNO microcontroller and it can be activated either manually by using a push-button or automatically by using the accelerometer. When an emergency occurs the accelerometer points to an abnormal value and the Arduino gets triggered and the entire system will be activated. By using GSM and GPS, an emergency message with the victim's current location will be sent to the predefined contacts. And the camera incorporated with the device will capture the images and uploaded on the webpage. This image can be also uploaded on the webpage which will be useful for further investigation. Moreover, for first hand safety, a shock unit also designed to attack the perpetrator.
The China Influence of COVID-19 and the Fiscal Policy Measures Riposte in India - An Analytical Global Study
Authors: Sanyal Dr. Rajib Kumar
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19’s) impact has gone far beyond its direct effect on morbidity and mortality. In addition to adversely impacting non-COVID health care utilization, the pandemic has resulted in a deep global economic contraction due to lockdown policies and declining demand and supply of goods and services. As a result, most countries are experiencing lower levels of gross domestic product (GDP), rising unemployment, higher levels of impoverishment, and increasing income inequality. Some countries are more vulnerable to the economic contagion resulting from COVID-19, including those implementing more stringent lockdowns and those that are more globally integrated due to their dependence on trade, tourism, and remittances. In addition, countries with pre-existing conditions of fiscal weakness due to higher dependence on external grant financing, low tax revenues, and large pre-crisis debt levels are struggling to implement countercyclical mitigative fiscal and monetary policies. In addition to declining economic activity, government revenues have declined, government borrowing is increasing, and public debt levels are projected to skyrocket globally.
National priorities and national projects in the housing sector of modern Russia
Authors: Ovsiannikova Tatiana , Rabtsevich Olga
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of implementation efficiency of the housing policy in Russia as the mostimportant direction of the state economic policy. It is noted that all countries rec-ognize the importance of housingsecurity for the health of the nation and economic growth. The studies have shown that problems of housingdevelopment, including the availability and ade-quacy of housing are among the national priorities in the stateeconomic policy and are imple-mented throughout a system of strategic documents and national projects thatdefine goals, ob-jectives, directions and target indicators of the state housing policy. The article shows a system oftarget indicators for the development of the housing sector, which allow us to assess the effec-tiveness of housingpolicy in Russia. The most important indicators are the volume of housing construction and the average housingavailability. Based on the official statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the Bankof Russia, the analysis of the dynamics of housing construction development is carried out and the main trendsin housing construction were identified, such as: increased spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of housinginvest-ments, a decrease in the volume of housing construction, an increase in demand for new housing, anda deterioration in the typological structure of built housing. The article shows the impact of project financing and thereduction of mortgage rates on the housing construction dynamics. Us-ing methods of correlation-regression andfactor analysis, as well as scenario approach a forecast of achievability of the target indicators for the developmentof the housing sector in Russia is made. It is concluded that it is essential to adjust the strategic target indicatorsof housing con-struction as well as the state housing policy. Measures to improve availability and adequacy ofhousing for the Russian population are proposed.

Acknowledgments. The reported research was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research and by theTomsk Region Government, grant No. 18-410-700013
A methodological approach to the evaluation of obsolescence of residential buildings
Authors: Mishchenko Valery , Matreninsky Sergey , Gorlin Kirill
Published: August 2021

The co-authors have proven that the analysis of values of obsolescence indicators applicable to buildings and other facilities in the urban environment allows to make resource-saving decisions in terms of their integrated renovation.At the same time, the need to develop a methodology for evaluating the functional obsolescence of a residential building is also substantiated, as it is the most important component of the concept of comfort of a residential building. A brief analysis of the concepts of “comfort” and “accessibility” in relation to residential buildings is performed. The characteristic of comfort is proposed to be defined using the consolidated indicator of functional obsolescence and physical deterioration of a building. A specific mathematical formula for calculating the parameters of comfort is provided, depending on the consolidated characteristics of indicators of physical deterioration and obsolescence of a building.The proposed analysis of principal obsolescence evaluation methods, applicable to residential buildings, allows toidentify the main weaknesses of currently used methods.As a methodological approach to evaluating the obsolescence of a residential building, a systematic approach is proposed that allows a comprehensive, structural and quantitative assessment of obsolescence indicators through the use of mathematical methods, including the method of expert assessments and a modified verbal-numerical scale, initially developed by Harrington.A systematic hierarchical relationship between general and specific indicators of obsolescence of a building is identified. A systematic approach is employed to develop a procedure for identifying the integral obsolescence of a building with regard taken of the hierarchical relationship between its specific and general indicators.Pie and bar charts are used to analyze alternative building obsolescence evaluation methodologies. A detailed description of the proposed option is provided in the form of specific examples.

Acknowledgement. This research was supported by Project No. 3.1.1.1 within the 2021–2023 Plan of Fundamental Research of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering and Ministry of Civil Engineering and Public Utilities of the Russian Federation.
Creation of new jobs and creativity of the urban space
Authors: Pavlova Liya , Belov Artem
Published: August 2021

Over the last decades industries, that affect human capital development, have stepped into the spotlight. Engineering companies, creative and service enterprises have assumed a crucial role in the urban economy and its potential. As for large urban agglomerations, new forms of production and creative class mobilization represent the key objectives due to the reduction or liquidation of the majority of industrial urban enterprises.

Urban planning as a science is responsive to economic changes. The paradigm of functional zoning has been replaced by theories based on land use intensity, business and cultural activities of population. Hence, the idea is to ensure the polyfunctional operation of industrial, high-tech research companies in residential areas and to relocate housing to areas occupied by old industrial enterprises.

In this work, the co-authors analyze the phenomenon of the location value in a modern city, regularities that govern the choice of locations for new enterprises; they also suggest approaches to the zoning of urban areas depending on their potential ability to develop new types of industrial production.
Improvement of organizational and technological design of low-rise residential buildings with consumption of fuel and energy resources
Authors: Korol’ Elena , Zhuravleva Аnastasia
Published: August 2021

In recent years, there has been an active growth in low-rise housing construction in Russia. This trend is explained by the state policy, which is aimed at developing this sector in order to increase accessibility for the population and provide comfortable housing. In addition, the relevance of low-rise housing construction is evidenced by the need of the population in the natural environment, as well as the possibility of living in separate houses. Along with individual construction, the most popular is low-rise housing development in the form of organized residential settlements (“cottage village”) with a developed communal, transport and social infrastructure. The regulations define the requirements to ensure the efficient and rational use of fuel and energy resources. This confirms the need to increase energy savings also in the sector of low-rise housing construction.

The article presents the classification of energy consumption by functional purpose in the construction of low-rise residential buildings, identifies the main groups of energy consumers “machines and mechanisms”, “temporary infrastructure of the construction site” for complex low-rise residential buildings and considers an algorithm for calculating the costs of fuel and energy resources for these groups. It is proposed to include forms of documents for calculation, accounting and control of fuel and energy resources in organizational and technological documentation. This approach will allow you to choose energy-efficient construction technologies at the design stage and keep track of energy consumption during the construction of buildings.
Investigation of nickel coatings obtained by laser processing on the surface of bronze
Authors: Gerashchenkova E. Yu. , Gerashchenkov D. A. , Belyakov A. N.
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the modes of laser processing during the formation of a coating on nickel-aluminum bronze using nickel powders. The coating was obtained in two stages. At the first stage, a precursor coating of the powder material was applied by cold spraying, at the second stage, its surface treatment with a laser was performed. The change in the composition and properties of the coating is shown depending on the processing modes and the thickness of the precursor coating, as well as the modes of laser processing.