bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages in Armenia
Authors: Avetyan Diana , Hakobyan Siras , Nikoghosyan Maria , Ghukasyan Lilit , Khachatryan Gisane , Sirunyan Tamara , Muradyan Nelli , Zakharyan Roksana , Chavushyan Andranik , Hayrapetyan Varduhi , Hovhannisyan Anahit , Mohamed Bakhash Shah A. , Jerome Keith R. , Roychoudhury Pavitra , Greninger Alexander L. , Niazyan Lyudmila , Davidyants Mher , Melik-Andreasyan Gayane , Sargsyan Shushan , Nersisyan Lilit , Arakelyan Arsen
Published: May 2022

The sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 provides essential information on viral evolution, transmission, and epidemiology. In this paper, we performed the whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 using nanopore and Illumina sequencing to describe the circulation of the virus lineages in Armenia. The analysis of 145 full genomes identified six clades (19A, 20A, 20B, 20I, 21J, and 21K) and considerable intra-clade PANGO lineage diversity. Phylodynamic and transmission analysis allowed to attribute specific clades as well as infer their importation routes. Thus, the first two waves of positive case increase were caused by the 20B clade, the third peak caused by the 20I (Alpha), while the last two peaks were caused by the 21J (Delta) and 21K (Omicron) variants. The functional analyses of mutations in sequences largely affected epitopes associated with protective HLA loci and did not cause the loss of the signal in PCR tests targeting ORF1ab and N genes as confirmed by RT-PCR. We also compared the performance of nanopore and Illumina short-read sequencing and showed the utility of nanopore sequencing as an efficient and affordable alternative for large-scale molecular epidemiology research. Thus, our paper describes new data on the genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Armenia in the global context of the virus molecular genomic surveillance.
SARS-CoV-2 in Environmental Samples of Quarantined Households
Authors: Döhla Manuel , Schulte Bianca , Wilbring Gero , Kümmerer Beate Mareike , Döhla Christin , Sib Esther , Richter Enrico , Ottensmeyer Patrick Frank , Haag Alexandra , Engelhart Steffen , Eis-Hübinger Anna Maria , Exner Martin , Mutters Nico Tom , Schmithausen Ricarda Maria , Streeck Hendrik
Published: May 2022

The role of environmental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether viral contamination of air, wastewater, and surfaces in quarantined households result in a higher risk for exposed persons. For this study, a source population of 21 households under quarantine conditions with at least one person who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA were randomly selected from a community in North Rhine-Westphalia in March 2020. All individuals living in these households participated in this study and provided throat swabs for analysis. Air and wastewater samples and surface swabs were obtained from each household and analysed using qRT-PCR. Positive swabs were further cultured to analyse for viral infectivity. Out of all the 43 tested adults, 26 (60.47%) tested positive using qRT-PCR. All 15 air samples were qRT-PCR-negative. In total, 10 out of 66 wastewater samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 (15.15%) and 4 out of 119 surface samples (3.36%). No statistically significant correlation between qRT-PCR-positive environmental samples and the extent of the spread of infection between household members was observed. No infectious virus could be propagated under cell culture conditions. Taken together, our study demonstrates a low likelihood of transmission via surfaces. However, to definitively assess the importance of hygienic behavioural measures in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, larger studies should be designed to determine the proportionate contribution of smear vs. droplet transmission.
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Morocco: Applying the Health Belief Model
Authors: Berni Imane , Menouni Aziza , Filali Zegzouti Younes , Kestemont Marie-Paule , Godderis Lode , El Jaafari Samir
Published: May 2022

To identify factors that influenced Moroccans’ intention to get a COVID-19 vaccine, a cross-sectional survey among a Moroccan sample was conducted based on Health Belief Model constructs. Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, cues to action, and intention to receive vaccine data were collected and analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM). The survey was completed by 3800 individuals; 57.2% were men, 44.5% were aged 30 to 44, and 44.6% were married. After controlling for confounders, being a woman and having a chronic disease were associated with higher acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. The strongest predictor for the intention of receiving a vaccine was participants who were married. Most of the HBM constructs were shown to be significantly associated with vaccine acceptance. Susceptibility and Benefits were the strongest predictors of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine (standardized path coefficient, SPC = 0.23), followed by Severity (SPC = 0.22). Conversely, given the negative correlation between barriers and intention (SPC = −0.08), it is necessary to maintain a high level of transparency regarding the vaccines’ safety. Our study provides guidance for an implementation of vaccination strategies, intending to bolster the overall COVID-19 immunization program.
Missed Opportunities for Vaccination and Associated Factors among Children Attending Primary Health Care Facilities in Cape Town, South Africa: A Pre-Intervention Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Nnaji Chukwudi A. , Wiysonge Charles S. , Adamu Abdu A. , Lesosky Maia , Mahomed Hassan , Ndwandwe Duduzile
Published: May 2022

Despite the substantial efforts at ensuring universal access to routine immunisation services among children in South Africa, major gaps in immunisation coverage remain. This study assessed the magnitude of missed opportunities for vaccination (MOV) and associated factors among children aged 0–23 months attending primary health care (PHC) facilities in Cape Town. We used multilevel binomial logistic regression models to explore individual and contextual factors associated with MOV, with children aged 0–23 months at Level 1, nested within PHC facilities (Level 2). A total of 674 children and their caregivers were enrolled. MOV prevalence was 14.1%, ranging from 9.1% to 18.9% across sub-districts. Dose-specific MOV prevalence was highest for the second dose of measles vaccine (9.5%) and lowest for the first dose of rotavirus vaccine (0.6%). The likelihood of a child experiencing MOV was significantly associated with caregivers’ low level of education (Odds ratio (OR) = 3.53, 95% credible interval (CrI): 1.13–11.03), recent receipt of immunisation messages (OR = 0.46, 95%CrI: 0.25–0.87), shared immunisation decision making by both parents (OR = 0.21, 95%CrI: 0.07–0.62) and health facility staff number (OR = 0.18, 95%CrI: 0.06–0.61). The burden of MOV among children in Cape Town is influenced by individual and contextual factors, which provide important opportunities for quality improvement and broader strategies to improve routine immunisation service delivery.
Chimeric Virus-like Particle-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Confers Strong Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Viremia in K18-hACE2 Mice
Authors: Kaewborisuth Challika , Wanitchang Asawin , Koonpaew Surapong , Srisutthisamphan Kanjana , Saenboonrueng Janya , Im-Erbsin Rawiwan , Inthawong Manutsanun , Sunyakumthorn Piyanate , Thaweerattanasinp Theeradej , Tanwattana Nathiphat , Jantraphakorn Yuparat , Reed Matthew C. , Lugo-Roman Luis A. , Hunsawong Taweewun , Klungthong Chonticha , Jones Anthony R. , Fernandez Stefan , Teeravechyan Samaporn , Lombardini Eric D. , Jongkaewwattana Anan
Published: May 2022

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are highly immunogenic and versatile subunit vaccines composed of multimeric viral proteins that mimic the whole virus but lack genetic material. Due to the lack of infectivity, VLPs are being developed as safe and effective vaccines against various infectious diseases. In this study, we generated a chimeric VLP-based COVID-19 vaccine stably produced by HEK293T cells. The chimeric VLPs contain the influenza virus A matrix (M1) proteins and the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain spike (S) proteins with a deletion of the polybasic furin cleavage motif and a replacement of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail with that of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA). These resulting chimeric S-M1 VLPs, displaying S and M1, were observed to be enveloped particles that are heterogeneous in shape and size. The intramuscular vaccination of BALB/c mice in a prime-boost regimen elicited high titers of S-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies. After immunization and a challenge with SARS-CoV-2 in K18-hACE2 mice, the S-M1 VLP vaccination resulted in a drastic reduction in viremia, as well as a decreased viral load in the lungs and improved survival rates compared to the control mice. Balanced Th1 and Th2 responses of activated S-specific T-cells were observed. Moderate degrees of inflammation and viral RNA in the lungs and brains were observed in the vaccinated group; however, brain lesion scores were less than in the PBS control. Overall, we demonstrate the immunogenicity of a chimeric VLP-based COVID-19 vaccine which confers strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 viremia in mice.
Identification of Naturally Processed Epitope Region Using Artificial APC Expressing a Single HLA Class I Allotype and mRNA of HCMV pp65 Antigen Fragments
Authors: Pyo Hong-Seon , Hong Cheol-Hwa , Choi Haeyoun , Baek In-Cheol , Kim Tai-Gyu
Published: May 2022

Recently, long synthetic peptides or in silico-predicted epitope peptides have been used to identify T cell epitopes, but these approaches may not be suitable for investigating naturally processed epitopes. Here, mRNAs, including fragments or predicted epitope sequences of HCMV pp65 antigen, were generated by in vitro transcription following transcriptionally active PCR. Then, artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) expressing a single HLA allotype were transfected with mRNAs to identify epitopes in donors with T cell responses that recognize pp65 antigen restricted to HLA-A*02:01, -A*02:06, or -B*07:02. T cells restricted to a particular HLA allotype showed positive responses in some of the 10 fragment antigens. Among predicted epitopes within these positive fragments, three epitopes of HLA-A*02:01, -A*02:06, and -B*07:02 were confirmed. In addition, T cells expanded by anti-CD3 stimulation for two weeks could also be effectively used for the identification of these T cell epitopes, although there were individual differences. These results demonstrated that fragment antigens and epitopes can be rapidly generated using mRNA, and naturally processed antigenic regions can be detected using aAPCs without a T cell cloning procedure. This method will help to identify novel T cell epitopes for developing immunotherapy and vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer.
Two-Tailed Dogs, Social Unrest and COVID-19 Vaccination: Politics, Hesitancy and Vaccine Choice in Hungary and Thailand
Authors: Goodwin Robin , Nguyen Luu Lan Anh , Wiwattanapantuwong Juthatip , Kovács Mónika , Suttiwan Panrapee , Levin Yafit
Published: May 2022

Background: A long tradition of research has shown an association between political orientation and vaccine uptake. However, we know little about political preferences and the choice of specific vaccines. Methods: We conducted two national surveys, in Hungary (Study 1, online, n = 1130) and Thailand (Study 2, on the street survey: n = 1052), testing associations between political allegiance, trust in government, vaccine willingness, and vaccine choice. Results: In Hungary, those supporting the government or on the political right were more willing to be vaccinated, with this association strongest for government approved vaccines. These respondents were also more likely to accept Chinese and Russian vaccines and reject the Moderna vaccine. In Thailand, vaccinated respondents reported greater trust in the government, with preference for AstraZeneca associated with support for pro-government political parties and preference for Pfizer with anti-government attitudes. Conclusions: Vaccine campaigns need to recognise the role of political loyalties not only in vaccine willingness, but in vaccine choice, especially given the mixing of vaccines across doses.
Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccines among Patients with Complex Non-Communicable Disease and Their Caregivers in Rural Malawi
Authors: Aron Moses Banda , Connolly Emilia , Vrkljan Kaylin , Zaniku Haules Robbins , Nyirongo Revelation , Mailosi Bright , Ruderman Todd , Barnhart Dale A ,   on behalf of the Partners In Health Cross-Site COVID-19 Cohort Research Network
Published: May 2022

Current low COVID-19 vaccination rates in low- and middle-income countries reflect an inequitable global vaccine distribution; however, local attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine are an important factor to meet vaccination benchmarks. We describe attitudes toward the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine and perceptions among patients with NCDs and their caregivers using cross-sectional data collected through telephone interviews in Neno, Malawi. Out of 126 survey respondents, 71% were patients, and 29% were caregivers. Twenty-two percent of respondents had received at least one dose at the interview (95% CI: 15–30%), with 19% being fully vaccinated. Only 24% (95% CI: 12–40%) of unvaccinated respondents reported that they would accept an approved vaccine if it were offered today. Vaccines were perceived as unsafe or designed to harm and commonly associated with death, severe disability, infertility, and evil. However, over two-thirds reported high levels of trust in health care workers (73%) and community health workers (72%) as sources of information for the COVID-19 vaccine. Although the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine in this vulnerable population was three times than the national average, a low intention to be vaccinated persists among the unvaccinated. Strong trust in health care workers suggests that community engagement could help increase vaccine acceptance.
Pelvic Endoprosthesis after Hemipelvectomy Using a 3D-Printed Osteotomy Guide for Infiltrative Osteoma in a Cat
Authors: Roh Yoonho , Jeong Jaemin , Jeon Youngjin , Kim Daehyun , Jeong Seongmok , Lee Haebeom
Published: May 2022

With the development of 3D printing and surgical techniques, various defect reconstruction methods after tumor resection have been applied not only in humans but also in veterinary medicine. This report describes a case of reconstruction after hemipelvectomy for an osteoma in a cat using a 3D-printed pelvic endoprosthesis and micro total hip replacement (mTHR). A 5-year-old spayed female Turkish Angora cat was referred for a 1-month history of constipation and intermittent weight-bearing lameness in the left hindlimb. An osteoma in the pelvis measuring 4.5 × 3 × 5.4 cm was identified based on diagnostic examinations. A left mid-to-caudal partial and right caudal partial hemipelvectomy, and a left femoral head and neck osteotomy, were planned to remove the mass. Reconstruction of the bone defect using 3D-printed metal endoprosthesis and mTHR in the left hindlimb was intended. During right caudal partial hemipelvectomy, right femoral head and neck osteotomy was performed because there was infiltration in the medial wall of the acetabulum. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an osteoma. Two weeks post-surgery, surgical debridement and femoral stem removal were performed because of delayed wound healing and sciatic neurapraxia, leading to femoral stem dislocation from the cup. The delayed wound healing and sciatic neurapraxia were appropriately addressed. The cat regained normal weight and defecation 4 weeks post-operatively. Two years post-surgery, the patient recovered with an almost normal gait. Hemipelvectomy with 3D-printed endoprosthesis provides a safe surgical option with favorable outcomes for neoplasms in the pelvis of cats.
Radial Peripapillary Capillary Plexus Perfusion and Endothelial Dysfunction in Early Post-SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Savastano Maria Cristina , Santoro Luca , Crincoli Emanuele , Fossataro Claudia , Gambini Gloria , Savastano Alfonso , De Vico Umberto , Santoliquido Angelo , Nesci Antonio , Landi Francesco , Rizzo Stanislao ,   on behalf of Gemelli against COVID-19 Post-Acute Care Study Group
Published: May 2022

Background: Endothelial cells damage and thromboinflammation are considered key elements in the generation of organ impairment in patients with COVID-19 disease. The endothelial function is evaluated by measuring flow-mediated dilation (FMD). We aimed to analyze the association between FMD impairment and retinal vascular parameters in early post-COVID-19 patients. 00118-00199Tomography (OCT), OCT Angiography (OCTA) and slit lamp examination were performed. FMD ≤ 7% was considered as pathological. Our primary outcome was to assess potential differences in the radial peripapillary capillary plexus flow index (RPCP-FI) and RPCP density (RPCP-D) values between post-COVID-19 patients with and without FMD impairment. The associations of other retinal vascular parameters with FMD impairment were assessed as secondary endpoints. Results: FMD impairment was detected in 31 patients (37.8%). RPCP-FI (p = 0.047), age (p = 0.048) and prevalence of diabetes (p = 0.046) significantly differed in patients with FMD ≤ 7% in regression analysis. RPCP-FI was linearly correlated with FMD values (R = 0.244, p =0.027). SCT was found to be lower in patients with impaired FMD (p = 0.004), although this difference was only a trend in binary logistic regression output (p = 0.07). Conclusions: Early post-COVID-19 patients showed a higher prevalence of FMD impairment compared to the general population. Age, diabetes and RPCP-FI were independently correlated with the presence of endothelial impairment in the early post-infective period.
Tetracycline Degradation by Peroxydisulfate Activated by Waste Pulp/Paper Mill Sludge Biochars Derived at Different Pyrolysis Temperature
Authors: Zhao Baowei , Zhang Juanxiang
Published: May 2022

The technique of using biochar-based catalysts in persulfate activation is a promising alternative to remov emerging and refractory pollutants (e.g., tetracycline-) in wastewater. However, the situation of biochars derived from waste pulp/paper mill sludge is still unclear. The pulp/paper mill sludge biochars (SBC300, SBC500, and SBC700) were obtained and characterized at pyrolysis temperatures of 300, 500, and 700 °C. Tetracycline degradation using peroxydisulfate activated by SBCs was investigated. The results demonstrated the removal efficiencies of tetracycline in SBC300-, SBC500- and SBC700-peroxydisulfate systems, which increased with the pyrolysis temperatures and were 4.3, 4.8, and 5.0 times that of a system with peroxydisulfate alone. The experiments of free radical quenching, singlet oxygen quenching, and electrochemistry indicated that the degradation of tetracycline in SBC-peroxydisulfate systems was mainly not a free radical pathway, but a non-radical pathway. Singlet oxygen (1O2) and electron transfer could play main roles in the degradation removal of tetracycline. The removal efficiencies of tetracycline in the SBC-peroxydisulfate systems could be up to 96.0% (SBC700-peroxydisulfate) under the optimum dosage of SBC, the molar ratio of peroxydisulfate to tetracycline and the solution pH value. The results indicate that a SBC700-peroxydisulfate system could be an effective “trash-to-treasure” treatment technique for wastewater containing antibiotics.
A Unified Hydrogeological Conceptual Model of the Mexico Basin Aquifer after a Century of Groundwater Exploitation
Authors: Palma Adriana , Rivera Alfonso , Carmona Rafael
Published: May 2022

The Mexico City Metropolitan Area, located within the Mexico Basin, is the most important economic center in Mexico. An ever-growing population, currently at 22 million with increasing water demands, has resulted in the overexploitation of groundwater with associated impacts to hydrological conditions for a century. Land subsidence due to chronic groundwater level declines has damaged infrastructure and increased water delivery and flood control challenges, causing loss of aquifer storage. An additional associated problem is groundwater quality deterioration, which reduces potable supplies due to increasing anthropogenic pollution and salinization. A new integrated conceptual model of the Mexico Basin Aquifer has been constructed based on a comprehensive compilation of existing and new hydrogeological knowledge. As a result, this conceptual model updates and improves the understanding of the characteristics of the aquifer and current hydrodynamic behavior of groundwater. Four hydrogeological units were identified, their heads and related flow system interdependencies were evaluated and their hydraulic properties associated; this allowed identifying local, intermediate and regional flow systems, aquifer transition from confined to unconfined conditions, changes to land subsidence and groundwater quality deterioration. This conceptual model could be the basis in building a numerical model, and as a powerful tool to test different management scenarios for decision-making.
Estimation of Scour Propagation Rates around Pipelines While Considering Simultaneous Effects of Waves and Currents Conditions
Authors: Najafzadeh Mohammad , Oliveto Giuseppe , Saberi-Movahed Farshad
Published: May 2022

Seabed offshore pipelines are widely applied to carry fluid over long distances of the seafloor. The design of offshore pipelines is conducted to bear quite a few environmental loading circumstances in order to provide a well-guarded and reliable fluid transition. Fluid leakage and pipeline vibration due to a failure of the pipeline are the prime causes of accidental catastrophes. Scour phenomena occur around offshore pipelines due to currents and/or wave conditions, consequently causing the susceptibility to pipeline failure. Then, scouring propagation rates require to be studied in three dimensions, namely beneath and normal to the offshore pipeline and the longitudinal direction of itself. In this research, Artificial Intelligent (AI) models are used to derive new regression equations based on the laboratory data for the estimation of 3D scour propagation patterns while seafloor offshore pipelines are exposed to simultaneous impacts of currents and waves. In this way, chiefly based on the experimental investigations conducted by Cheng and colleagues, seven sets of dimensional parameters were given in terms of the Shields’ parameter due to currents and waves, the Keulegan–Carpenter number, the ratio of embedment depth to pipeline diameter, the ratio of orbital velocity to current velocity, and the wave/current angle of attack. Dimensionless parameters were used to provide regression-based equations to evaluate scour propagation rates in three dimensions. The performance of AI models was evaluated by various statistical measures. The model based on our proposed equations performed better than the reported models in the literature. Even more importantly, we indicated that our model inherently has a reliable physical consistency for variations of dimensionless parameters against the scour propagation patterns.
Correction of ERA5 Wind for Regional Climate Projections of Sea Waves
Authors: Benetazzo Alvise , Davison Silvio , Barbariol Francesco , Mercogliano Paola , Favaretto Chiara , Sclavo Mauro
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes a method to infer the future change in the wind-wave climate using reanalysis wind corrected to statistically match data from a regional climate model (RCM). The method is applied to the sea surface wind speed of the reanalysis ERA5 from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The correction is determined from a quantile mapping between ERA5 and the RCM at any given point in the geographical space. The issues that need to be addressed to better understand and apply the method are discussed. Corrected ERA5 wind fields are eventually used to force a spectral wave numerical model to simulate the climate of significant wave height. The correction strategy is implemented over the Adriatic Sea (a semi-enclosed basin of the Mediterranean Sea) and includes the present-day period (1981–2010) and the near-future period (2021–2050) under the two IPCC RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 concentration scenarios. Evaluation against observations of wind and waves gives confidence in the reliability of the proposed approach. Results confirm the evolution toward an overall decrease in storm wave severity in the basin, especially under RCP8.5 and in its northern area. It is expected that the methodology may be applied to other reanalyses, RCMs (including multi-model ensembles), or seas with similar characteristics.
Response of Channel Morphology to Climate Change over the Past 2000 Years Using Vertical Boreholes Analysis in Lancang River Headwater in Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhou Yinjun , Gao Yu , Shen Qinjing , Yan Xia , Liu Xiaobin , Zhu Shuai , Lai Yuansen , Li Zhijing , Lai Zhongping
Published: May 2022

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, known as the world’s “third pole”, is home to several large rivers in Asia. Its geomorphology is exceptionally vulnerable to climate change, which has had a significant impact on historical riverbed development through runoff and sedimentation processes. However, there is limited research combining climate change, sedimentology, and chronology with river dynamics to investigate riverbed evolution patterns in geological-historical time scales and their changes in overland flow capacity. In the current study, the evolution of a representative portion of the river channel in the Nangqian basin in the Lancang River headwaters was investigated to explore the reaction of the riverbed to climatic change during the geological period via field surveys, riverbed drilling, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and bankfull channel geometry parameters. The generalized channel section of the historical period was obtained by linking sedimentary layers of the same age on the distribution map of borehole sections, and the bankfull area of the river was computed accordingly. The restored bankfull areas can effectively reflect the ability of historical river channels to transport water and sediment, thus reflecting the climate change at that time. The findings showed that river morphology in the mounded river section could be successfully reconstructed using OSL dating and sedimentary records and that the conceptual sections of the historical warm periods at 2000 years (2 ka) and 0.7 ka can be recovered. Based on the reconstruction, the calculated bankfull areas during the two warm events were larger than present by factors of 1.28 and 1.9, respectively, indicating a stronger capacity for transporting water and sediments. This is the first trial in the Lancang headwaters to investigate the response of river morphology to climate change on a geological time scale.
Analysis of Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Glacier Mass Balance on the Northern and Southern Slopes of the Central Tianshan Mountains, China
Authors: Liu Lin , Tian Hao , Zhang Xueying , Chen Hongjin , Zhang Zhengyong , Zhao Guining , Kang Ziwei , Wang Tongxia , Gao Yu , Yu Fengchen , Zhang Mingyu , Yi Xin , Cao Yu
Published: May 2022

Glacier mass balance can visually indicate the degree of glacier response to climate change. The mountain glaciers are an essential source of recharge for rivers in arid regions and play a vital role in maintaining regional ecological stability and production life. This paper drives a spatially distributed degree-day model using multi-source remote sensing data such as MOD11C3 and TRMM3B43 to simulate the mass balance in the Tianshan Mountains’ south and north slope basins. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the mass balance was compared and attributed using a Geographical detector. The results show that: (1) The glaciers in the north and south basins are mainly distributed at an altitude of 3900–4300 m, and the total glacier area accounts for 85.71%. The number of less than 1 km2 glaciers is the most in the whole region. (2) During the study period, the glaciers in the north and south basins were negative (−465.95 mm w.e.) an entire interannual change rate was −28.36 mm w.e./a. The overall trend of ablation can be divided into two stages: from 2000 to 2010a, the persistence increased, and from 2010 to 2016a, the volatility decreased. (3) In the attribution of mass balance, the factors affecting glacier mass balance can be divided into two parts: climate and topography. The cumulative contribution rate of climate factors in Kaidu is nearly 20% higher than that of topographic factors, but the contribution rate of climate factors in Manas is only 7.3% higher. Therefore, the change of glacier mass balance in the Kaidu river basin is more driven by climate factors, while the glacier mass balance in the Manas river basin is more affected by the combination of climate and topographic factors. (4) The climate accumulation is the dominant factor in the Manas river basin (69.55%); for the ablation area, the Kaidu river basin is dominated by climate (70.85%), and the Manas river basin is dominated by topographic factors (54.11%). Due to the driving force of climate and topographic factors and the different coupling modes, glacier mass balance’s spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the north and south slope basins is caused. This study contributes to analyzing the mechanism of regional changes in the glacier mass balance. It provides a scientific basis for investigating the characteristics of water resource changes and water resource regulation in the north and south slope basins of the Tianshan Mountains.
Optimal Operation of Nashe Hydropower Reservoir under Land Use Land Cover Change in Blue Nile River Basin
Authors: Leta Megersa Kebede , Demissie Tamene Adugna , Tränckner Jens
Published: May 2022

Changes in LULC (land use land cover), which significantly influence the spatial and temporal distribution of hydrological processes and water resources in general, have a substantial impact on hydropower generation. The utilization of an optimization approach in order to analyze the operation of reservoirs is an important concern in the planning and management of water resources. The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and the HEC-ResPRM (Hydrologic Engineering Center reservoir evaluation system Prescriptive Reservoir Model) were combined to model and optimize the Nashe hydropower reservoir operation in the Blue Nile River Basin (BNRB). The stream flow into the reservoir was determined using the SWAT model, considering the current and future impacts of LULC changes. The HEC-ResPRM model has been utilized in order to generate the optimal hydropower reservoir operation by using the results of the SWAT calibrated and validated stream flow as input data. This study proposes a method for integrating the HEC-ResPRM and SWAT models to examine the effects of historical and future land use land cover change on the watershed’s hydrological processes and reservoir operation. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the current and future optimal reservoir operation scenarios for water resources management concerning hydropower generation under the effect of LULC changes. The results reveal that both the 2035 and 2050 LULC change scenarios show the increased operation of hydropower reservoirs with increasing reservoir inflows, releases, storage, and reservoir elevation in the future. The effects of LULC change on the study area’s hydrological components reveal an increase in surface runoff until 2035, and its decrease from 2035 to 2050. The average annual reservoir storage and elevation in the 2050 LULC scenario increased by 7.25% and 2.27%, respectively, when compared to the current optimized scenario. Therefore, changes in LULC have a significant effect on hydropower development by changing the total annual and monthly reservoir inflow volumes and their seasonal distribution. Reservoir operating rule curves have been commonly implemented in the operation of hydropower reservoirs, since they help operators to make essential, optimal decisions with available stream flow. Moreover, the generated future reservoir rule curves can be utilized as a reference for the long-term prediction of hydropower generation capacity, and assist concerned authorities in the successful operation of the reservoir under the impact of LULC changes.
Policy Evolution and Intensity Evaluation of the Chinese New Energy Vehicle Industry Policy: The Angle of the Dual-Credit Policy
Authors: Peng Liangui , Li Ying
Published: May 2022

The dual-credit policy advances the process of vehicle electrification; however, few studies have reviewed the policy preferences and development trends of the Chinese new energy vehicle industrial policy at different stages from the development angle of the dual-credit policy. This article reviews the policy evolution of the Chinese new energy vehicle industrial policy based on the 2T model (time and types) and evaluates the policy intensity of different industrial policies by PI index. The results find that the Chinese new energy vehicle industry policy is divided into three development periods: 2004–2008—promotion policy and technological policy; 2009–2013—financial policy; and 2014–2020—charging infrastructure policy. The early policy preference for new energy vehicles was not found to be significant. Financial policies have significantly stimulated the development of the new energy vehicle industry, and the implementation of the charging infrastructure policy is late. The policy intensity of the promotion policy is the strongest, followed by the technological policy, and the policy intensity of the charging infrastructure is the weakest. The policy intensity of the financial policy will weaken in the later period. The promulgation of the dual-credit policy reflects the continuity and synergy of policy development.
Optimization of the treatment of the patient with acute coronary syndrome on the background the type 2-diabetes with concomitant hyperventilation
Authors:   Medical Institute of Derzhavin Tambov State University, Voronin Nikita Igorevich , Kuznetsov Sergei Ivanovich ,   Institute of Postgraduate Education of VSMU named after N.N. Burdenko, doctor-cardiologist, Voronezh City, Russian Federation, Kuznetsov Dmitry Sergeevich ,   Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital №1, Voronezh City, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

The article presents data from an original study on the implementation and empirical verification of the effectiveness of the developed therapeutic complex aimed at improving the intensive treatment of the nosological association «acute coronary syndrome (as the underlying disease) + type 2 diabetes mellitus (as a background pathology) + hyperventilation syndrome (as aconcomitant state)». The author’s therapeutic complex is based on a controlled change in auxiliary respiratory oxygenation «downward», provided that basic pharmacotherapy must be supplemented with a balanced combination of antihypoxic drugs and antiaggregant of new generation. Acomparative study of two groups of thematic patients was carried out — using the developed complex and using the traditional approach. The complex key parameters of the outcomes of the underlying disease in patients were studied using clinical assessment of functional classes of angina pectoris and veloergometric assessment of exercise tolerance. When using the developed therapeutic complex in comparison with the «traditional approach», a fundamental improvement in the outcomes of angina pectoris was established, which was confirmed by both the ratio of functional classes and the results of bicycle ergometry. The obtained data of intergroup differences have a high level of statistical significance. This proved the significant actual effectiveness of the developed therapeutic complex. The data presented in the article are distinguished by novelty and practical applicability, which makes it possible to recommend them for further implementation in the practice of the clinic of internal diseases.
Dynamics of the quality of life of patients with periimplantitis with complex use of laserotherapy and low-frequency electrostatic field
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution National Research Center Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Livshits V. I. , Nagornev S. N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks» of the Federal Biomedical Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of the quality of life of patients with peri-implantitis in the course of combined use of a low-frequency electrostatic field and low-intensity infrared laser therapy. It has been shown that in the initial state, the quality of life of patients with peri-implantitis is significantly reduced in comparison with the group of healthy individuals. The high sensitivity of the «Chewing food» domain in relation to disease progression was established, which allows considering this domain as the effectiveness of the treatment provided. The course combined use of an infrared laser and a low-frequency electrostatic field in the treatment of post-prosthetic inflammatory complications during dental implantation, along with high clinical efficacy, has a maximum corrective effect on the quality of life of patients. Additional evidence of the obtained data, objectifying the subjective opinion of patients in relation to their quality of life, is the results of correlation adaptometry. This technique, based on the parameters of the correlation matrix, makes it possible to distinguish a state of stable homeostatic equilibrium, in which changes in regressor factors (clinical-functional, biochemical, psychological, and other variables) are not reflected at the level of the resulting trait, the function of which was performed by the quality of life. The use of correlation adaptometry confirmed the high efficiency of combined physiotherapy in relation to the quality of life of patients with peri-implantitis, which indicates the formation of a high level of functional reserves and adaptive abilities of the body.
Regulatory requirements for intelligent production safety systems
Authors:   NIIPF TECHINTELL, Khalin E.V. , Pozdneev B. M. ,   MSTU "STANKIN"
Published: May 2022

NIIPF TECHINTELL developed and is being put into effect on February 1, 2022 the national standard “Information and Communication Technologies in Education. Intelligent production safety systems. General Provisions". The standard establishes requirements for intelligent production safety systems, including the structure, technology of construction, maintenance and development using information and expert technology tools and systems used in real production conditions that ensure the effective functioning of production safety services and the organization of high-quality training and retraining of personnel in interrelated digital learning processes for making error-free decisions to create safe production, accumulation, evaluation and authorized exchange of knowledge on production safety.
Application of shared-equity construction contracts in modern conditions
Authors:   Moscow State University of a name. M. V. Lomonosov (MSU), Alenkova I. A.
Published: May 2022

The author of the article generalize advantages and disadvantages of the individual share contracts in construction from the legal and economic point of view. Some changes in the legislation concerning shared-equity construction and transition to the application of escrow accounts are studied. According to the author, escrow accounts have helped to protect the interests of shareholders, however negative consequences of the innovation need to be considered as well.
Desain Animasi Sejarah Kapel Santa Maria dari Betlehem (Gereja Karmel Lembang)
Authors: Tonalou Paskalis Daniel , Albar Deni
Published: May 2022

Rumah Peribadatan yang dibangun pada masa penjajahan zaman dahulu sangatlah banyak di Bandung dan dari bangunan-bangunan itu memiliki sisi historis dan cerita dibaliknya. Banyak sejarah dari berdirinya sebuah rumah peribadatan yang tidak di publikasikan secara umum yang membuat banyak orang tidak mengetahuinya. Salah satunya adalah Kapel Santa Maria dari Betlehem atau disebut juga Gereja Karmel Lembang. Belum banyak orang terutama umat dari gereja ini yang mengetahui sejarah berdirinya gereja ini, walaupun sebelumnya sudah ada buku yang membahasnya. Hal ini disebabkan karena buku yang membahas tentang sejarah dari gereja ini bersifat eksklusif dan tidak semua orang memilikinya. Dengan umat mengetahui sejarah dari Gerejanya, diharapkan umat semakin cinta terhadap Gerejanya, dan timbul rasa memiliki, selain itu agar umat dapat mengetahui semangat apa yang dibawa oleh para perintis untuk membangun gereja dan biara. Sehingga dilakukan perancangan untuk memberitahukan sejarah dari Kapel St. Maria dari Betlehem (Gereja Karmel Lembang) dengan menyajikan visual yang unik yaitu Wayang Kulit agar umat tertarik mengetahuinya. Video Animasi adalah media utama pada perancangan ini, video animasi memuat gambar dan suara yang dipadu padankan untuk membuat media utama lebih menarik. Media utama dibagikan melalui platform Youtube sehingga diharapkan perancangan ini sampai kepada target khalayak dengan mudah.
Perancangan Media Promosi Wisata Taman Nasional Baluran Situbondo
Authors: Putra Fuzza Duwana , Aryani Dewi Isma
Published: May 2022

Taman nasional merupakan sebuah kawasan yang diperuntukkan melestarikan alam dengan bentukan ekosistem asli menggunakan sistem zonasi. Selain memiliki fungsi untuk konservasi, taman nasional dapat dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan wisata. Taman Nasional Baluran merupakan salah satu taman nasional yang ada di Indonesia. Nama Baluran berasal dari Gunung Baluran yang berada di wilayah Situbondo dan Wongsorejo, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Taman Nasional Baluran dianggap kurang populer para wisatawan karena lokasinya yang dekat dengan Pulau Bali dan Lombok sehingga kalah bersaing. Taman Nasional Baluran sangat berpotensi sebagai tempat wisata karena memiliki padang savana yang sangat luas dengan aneka satwa liar, serta lokasinya juga berdekatan dengan pantai. Oleh karena itu, perancangan media promosi diperlukan dengan tujuan memperkenalkan dan mampu meningkatkan minat masyarakat untuk berwisata ke Taman Nasional Baluran melalui media informasi yang tepat dan menarik. Metode penelitian dalam perancangan ini adalah kuantitatif disertai observasi dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh berupa solusi perancangan berupa desain video promosi serta media pendukung berupa desain iklan website, web banner, billboard, dan media sosial.
Desain Sendok Salad Kayu Menggunakan Metode ATUMICS
Authors: Suryadiraji Aksal , Taruna Ari Plega
Published: May 2022

Sejarah perkembangan kehidupan manusia tidak lepas dari budaya dan karya sastra yang mengandung nilai kehidupan dan juga ilmu pengetahuan hingga saat ini. Salah satu hasil budaya tersebut adalah peralatan makan. Sebagai makhluk omnivora, manusia berinovasi dan beradaptasi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya terutama menyangkut kebutuhan primer. Dalam kebutuhan primer untuk pangan, sendok merupakan piranti sehari-hari yang digunakan manusia. Dalam perkembangan sejarah peradaban manusia, sendok mengalami evolusi dan perkembangan variasi dari segi fungsi, salah satunya adalah sendok salad. Sendok salad adalah alat yang dibuat khusus dalam proses memindahkan dan atau mengkonsumsi salad, dan sangat populer di wilayah Skandinavia. Pemaparan tentang desain sendok salad ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan desain sendok salad dari awal penemuannya hingga masa yang akan datang. Metode ATUMICS digunakan untuk menganalisis dan menggali informasi lebih detail mengenai sendok salad.
Tinjauan Desain Gapura Jalan di Kota Bandung Menggunakan Metode ATUMICS
Authors: Paqih Rizqi Mohammad , Hanifah Theasara Ragilia
Published: May 2022

Bandung memiliki banyak peninggalan bersejarah yang tersebar di penjuru kota. Peninggalan bersejarah tersebut dapat berupa budaya, tradisi, bangunan, dan lain sebagainya. Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa gapura merupakan salah satu bentuk warisan budaya yang lestari hingga saat ini. Bentuk gapura yang unik dan kegunaannya dapat dijadikan bahan menganalisis dan referensi improvisasi karya arsitektur di masa depan. Analisis melalui metode ATUMICS membuat gapura dapat diketahui segi fungsi, bentuk, dan nilai estetikanya. Melalui penelitian ini, akan dipaparkan hal-hal dan unsur estetika gapura yang menghiasi jalan utama di kota Bandung karena selain sebagai hiasan jalan, juga memiliki makna sebagai penanda kota atau wilayah yang bersejarah. Keberadaan Jalan L.L.R.E. Martadinata di Kota Bandung memiliki kekhasan tersendiri, adanya gapura kota menjadi nilai tambah unsur estetika kota. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi terkait material yang mumpuni, desain estetis, serta nilai historis tentang keberadaan gapura kota yang ada di beberapa jalan raya Kota Bandung.
Buku Fotografi Tari Piring Maestro Syofyani
Authors: Jasmin Mega , Kurniawan Ivan
Published: May 2022

Globalisasi merupakan akselarasi yang mempengaruhi kehidupan. Arus globalisasi membawa masyarakat menuju budaya universal. Budaya universal merupakan seluruh peradaban budaya yang ada dimuka bumi. Permasalahan yang ditemukan yaitu, budaya universal dapat mengikis budaya tradisional serta rendahnya informasi bertema Tari Piring. Objek rancangan pada laporan tugas akhir ini yaitu Tari Piring serta remaja yang sedang menempuh pendidikan sekolah menengah. Solusi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan ini adalah mendokumentasikan kearifan lokal menganai pentingnya aset karya intelektual yang tidak terdokumentasikan. Caranya dengan memaanfaatkan media buku sebagai jendela ilmu pengetahuan. Dengan demikian, remaja bisa mendapatkan informasi pengetahuan mengenai Tari Piring Sumatra Barat dan dapat mewariskannya ke generasi penerus bangsa selanjutnya.
Perancangan Informasi Melalui Media Collectible Cards Hewan Purba Zaman Mesozoikum
Authors: Wiguna Mochamad Gunawan , Tarmawan Irwan
Published: May 2022

Zaman Mesozoikum merupakan salah satu zaman dimana bumi ditempati oleh berbagai macam hewan purba. Pada zaman Mesozoikum terdapat tiga zaman yaitu zaman Trias, Jura, dan ditutup dengan zaman Kapur dimana hewan purba pada zaman ini mulai punah. Saat ini pengetahuan masyarakat tentang zaman Mesozoikum masih terbilang kurang dan dominan masih mengidentifikasikan hewan purba pada zaman Mesozoikum hanyalah dinosaurus saja terutama T-Rex. Pada kenyataannya, terdapat berbagai jenis hewan lainnya yang hidup pada zaman ini termasuk berbagai jenis dinosaurus, mamalia, hewan laut, ataupun unggas. Tujuan dari perancangan ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan umum bahwa pada zaman Mesozoikum terdapat berbagai jenis hewan purba yang beragam dan unik yang merupakan nenek moyang dari kebanyakan hewan saat ini yang telah berevolusi. Media yang digunakan dalam perancangan ini adalah menggunakan media yang berbeda daripada media umum yang saat ini digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan media collectible cards yang disajikan dengan informasi yang lebih spesifik. Media pada perancangan ini juga didistribusikan melalui lembaga resmi yaitu museum Geologi Bandung agar informasi yang disajikan bisa menjangkau khalayak lebih luas dan masyarakat bisa lebih mudah untuk menerima informasi yang disajikan. Perancangan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi bagi masyarakat yang kesulitan dalam mengidentifikasikan hewan purba pada zaman Mesozoikum.