bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A serpent-type wave energy converter
Authors: Sorek Sebastian , Sulisz Wojciech
Published: August 2023

The problem of the interaction of waves with a serpent-type wave energy converter was investigated, and a novel 3D analytical solution was derived. The optimal parameters of the energy converter were derived for the first time from wave energy principles. The results show that the wave power captured by the device increases with increasing wave lengths until a maximum and then decreases. The efficiency increases with decreasing stiffness of the device in shallow and intermediate waters. In deep water, the efficiency increases with increasing stiffness until a local maximum and then decreases. Moreover, the efficiency increases with the increasing mass of the device in shallow and intermediate waters. In deep water, the efficiency of a converter decreases with the increasing mass of the device. An original approach to determine the optimal parameters of a device for given wave conditions was derived. The derived analytical formula shows that the top efficiency level of power capturing cannot exceed 50%. This is the theoretical maximum for this type of converter. The power take-off optimization analysis also identifies the spectrum of wave conditions for which the efficiency of the generator is close to the maximum. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted in a hydraulic laboratory to verify the model. The comparisons of the recorded data with the analytical solution show a very good agreement.
Surface quality and dry sliding wear behavior of AZ61Mg alloy using Abbott firestone technique
Authors: El-Shenawy Eman H. , Farahat Ahmed I. Z.
Published: August 2023

Currently, magnesium alloys are widely utilized in diverse sectors due to their unique properties. However, the AZ61Mg alloy, a commonly used magnesium alloy, is known to have poor wear resistance, which limits its applications. To address this issue, researchers have investigated various surface treatment techniques, including the Abbott Firestone method, to improve the wear resistance of this alloy. This study employs response surface methodology (RSM) to examine the effects of pressure and velocity on wear behavior and Abbott Firestone zones of AZ61Mg alloy. Three pressure (0.01, 0.015, and 0.02 MPa) and velocity (0.57, 0.76, and 0.95 m/s) levels are used to conduct dry sliding wear tests at room temperature using a pin-on-disc method with an experimental design technique (EDT). Analysis of variance ANOVA is employed to identify the relationship between the input parameters (pressure and velocity) and the responses (wear rate, Surface Roughness Parameter Rz, and Abbott Firestone zones) of the AZ61Mg alloy. The optimized models for wear rate and Abbott Firestone zones yielded accurate estimations, which can enhance cost-effectiveness and efficiency. The findings indicate that pressure and velocity significantly affect the wear behavior of the AZ61Mg alloy.
Therapeutic potential of pomegranate juice-derived nanovesicles in nude mouse benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) xenograft model
Authors: Sreekumar Amritha , Simmons Matthew N. , Lee Tae Jin , Sharma Ashok , Saini Sharanjot
Published: August 2023

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and associated lower urinary tract symptoms affect a large percentage of the male population and places a substantial burden on the world health system. Current therapies include 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and alpha-blockers that are only partially effective and pose a huge economic burden, emphasizing the urgent need for effective, economical therapies. We isolated nanovesicles from pomegranate juice (Punica Granatum) (referred to as ‘POM-NVs’) and report to our knowledge for the first time, that these vesicles possess therapeutic potential against BPH. Following extensive characterization of POM-NVs, we tested their therapeutic potential in vitro using BPH1 cell line and identified a potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect. We further tested these vesicles using a clinically relevant xenograft mouse BPH model derived from human BPH tissues. Remarkably, POM-NVs could reverse the BPH phenotype conferred by TGF-β mediated signaling and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) reversal, leading to the restoration of prostate epithelial states in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, these vesicles attenuated bone morphogenic protein 5 (BMP5) signaling, a cardinal alteration that is instrumental in driving BPH. Considering the large incidences of BPH and its associated economic burdens, our study has important implications and can potentially improve the clinical management of BPH.
A new green approach for Lavandula stoechas aroma recovery and stabilization coupling supercritical CO2 and natural deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Vladić Jelena , Kovačević Strahinja , Rebocho Silvia , Paiva Alexandre , Jokić Stela , Duarte Ana Rita , Jerković Igor
Published: August 2023

This work investigated a green approach to obtain and stabilize Lavandula stoechas L. volatile organic compounds with sensory aroma characteristics by using alternative solvents, namely supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) and deep eutectic solvents (DES). The CO2 extracts were dispersed in different DES mixtures (betaine:ethylene glycol (1:3), betaine:glycerol (1:2), and glycerol:glucose (4:1)) and their stability was monitored during 6 months of storage at room temperature by monitoring the headspace (HS) profile. The CO2 extract was used as the control. It was initially determined that there was a dominant presence of oxygenated monoterpenes (67.33–77.50%) in the extracts. During storage, significant changes occurred in the samples’ HS, such as the decrease in terpene hydrocarbons which also affected the presence of oxygenated terpenes, which increased in certain cases. Moreover, the highest formation of new components was recorded in the control which could be an indicator of decreased stability. The DESs-CO2 were more stable than the CO2 control and among them, betaine:ethylene glycol stood out as the most adequate systems for maintaining the stability of L. stoechas HS components. For the visual estimation of similarities and dissimilarities among the samples, chemometric pattern recognition approaches were applied including the hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and sum of ranking differences.
Terahertz-readable laser engraved marks as a novel solution for product traceability
Authors: Hoveida Pouria , Phoulady Adrian , Choi Hongbin , May Nicholas , Shahbazmohamadi Sina , Tavousi Pouya
Published: August 2023

Counterfeit products pose significant economic, security, and health risks. One approach to mitigate these risks involves establishing product provenance by tracing them back to their manufacturing origins. However, current identification methods, such as barcodes and RFIDs, have limitations that make them vulnerable to counterfeiting. Similarly, nonvolatile memories, physically unclonable functions, and emerging techniques like Diamond Unclonable Security Tag and DNA fingerprinting also have their own limitations and challenges. For a traceability solution to gain widespread adoption, it must meet certain criteria, including being inexpensive, unique, immutable, easily readable, standardized, and unclonable. In this paper, we propose a solution that utilizes ultrashort pulsed lasers to create unique, unclonable, and immutable physical tags. These tags can then be read nondestructively using far-field Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of our proposed approach. We aim to assess the ability to distinguish laser marks with varying depths, evaluate the sensitivity of THz reading to laser engraving parameters, examine the capacity to capture high-information-density marks, and explore the ability to capture subsurface tags. By addressing these aspects, our method holds the potential to serve as a universal solution for a wide range of traceability applications.
Effects of hydrothermal factors and human activities on the vegetation coverage of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Guo Jianxiao , Zhai Liang , Sang Huiyong , Cheng Siyuan , Li Hongwei
Published: August 2023

A systematic understanding of the spatio-temporal changes and driving factors in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau holds significant scientific reference value for the future of ecological sustainable development. This paper utilizes MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and meteorological data to investigate the spatio-temporal changes and driving factors of vegetation coverage in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2001 to 2020. Methods employed include the dimidiate pixel model, trend analysis, partial correlation analysis, and residual analysis. The results demonstrate a generally fluctuating upward trend in vegetation coverage across the Tibetan Plateau over the past two decades, with spatial expansion occurring from northwest to southeast. Vegetation coverage exhibits a positive correlation with climate factors. Approximately 60.7% of the area showed a positive correlation between vegetation fractional cover (FVC) and precipitation, with 8.66% of the area demonstrating extremely significant (p < 0.05) and significant (p < 0.01) positive correlation. Human activities, on the whole, have contributed to the enhancement of vegetation cover in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The areas where human activities have positively impacted vegetation cover are primarily situated in north-central Qinghai and north of Ngari, while areas experiencing degradation include certain grassland regions in central-eastern Yushu, Nagqu, and Lhasa.
Identification of INHBA as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer through a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Liu Fang , Liu Jiayi , Shi Xinrui , Hu Xiaojie , Wei Lai , Huo Bingjie , Chang Liang , Han Yaqing , Liu Guangjie , Yang Lei
Published: August 2023

Inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily that plays a fundamental role in various cancers. However, a systematic analysis of the exact role of INHBA in patients with gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been conducted. We evaluated the expression levels of INHBA and the correlation between INHBA and GC prognosis in GC. The relationship between INHBA expression, immune infiltration levels, and type markers of immune cells in GC was also explored. In addition, we studied INHBA mutations, promoter methylation, and functional enrichment analysis. Besides, high expression levels of INHBA in GC were significantly related to unfavorable prognosis. INHBA was negatively correlated with B cell infiltration, but positively correlated with macrophage and most anticancer immunity steps. INHBA expression was positively correlated with the type markers of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. INHBA has a weak significant methylation level change between tumor and normal tissues and mainly enriched in cancer-related signaling pathways. The present study implies that INHBA may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with GC. INHBA is a promising predictor of immunotherapy response, with higher levels of INHBA indicating greater sensitivity.
Small-polaron transport in perovskite nickelates
Authors: Tyunina M. , Savinov M. , Pacherova O. , Dejneka A.
Published: August 2023

Knowledge of the explicit mechanisms of charge transport is preeminent for a fundamental understanding of the metal-to-insulator transition in ABO3-type perovskite rare-earth nickelates and for potential applications of these technologically promising materials. Here we suggest that owing to intrinsic Jahn–Teller-driven carrier localization, small-polaron transport is innate in nickelates. We demonstrate experimental evidence for such transport by investigating AC conductivity over a broad range of temperatures and frequencies in epitaxial SmNiO3 films. We reveal the hopping mechanism of conductivity, Holstein-type activation energy for hopping, nonclassical relaxation behavior, and nonclassical consistency between activation and relaxation. By analyzing these observations, we validate small-polaron transport. We anticipate that our findings can lead to precise tailoring of the DC and AC conductivity in nickelates as requested for fruitful employment of these materials. We also believe that further investigations of self-trapped small polarons are essential for a comprehensive understanding of nickelates.
Coupled quantum vortex kinematics and Berry curvature in real space
Authors: Dominici Lorenzo , Rahmani Amir , Colas David , Ballarini Dario , De Giorgi Milena , Gigli Giuseppe , Sanvitto Daniele , Laussy Fabrice P. , Voronova Nina
Published: August 2023

The Berry curvature provides a powerful tool to unify several branches of science through their geometrical aspect: topology, energy bands, spin and vector fields. While quantum defects–phase vortices and skyrmions–have been in the spotlight, as rotational entities in condensates, superfluids and optics, their dynamics in multi-component fields remain little explored. Here we use two-component microcavity polaritons to imprint a dynamical pseudospin texture in the form of a double full Bloch beam, a conformal continuous vortex beyond unitary skyrmions. The Berry curvature plays a key role to link various quantum spaces available to describe such textures. It explains for instance the ultrafast spiraling in real space of two singular vortex cores, providing in particular a simple expression–also involving the complex Rabi frequency–for their intricate velocity. Such Berry connections open new perspectives for understanding and controlling highly-structured quantum objects, including strongly asymmetric cases or even higher multi-component fields.
Approximating the uncertainty of deep learning reconstruction predictions in single-pixel imaging
Authors: Shang Ruibo , O’Brien Mikaela A. , Wang Fei , Situ Guohai , Luke Geoffrey P.
Published: August 2023

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) has the advantages of high-speed acquisition over a broad wavelength range and system compactness. Deep learning (DL) is a powerful tool that can achieve higher image quality than conventional reconstruction approaches. Here, we propose a Bayesian convolutional neural network (BCNN) to approximate the uncertainty of the DL predictions in SPI. Each pixel in the predicted image represents a probability distribution rather than an image intensity value, indicating the uncertainty of the prediction. We show that the BCNN uncertainty predictions are correlated to the reconstruction errors. When the BCNN is trained and used in practical applications where the ground truths are unknown, the level of the predicted uncertainty can help to determine whether system, data, or network adjustments are needed. Overall, the proposed BCNN can provide a reliable tool to indicate the confidence levels of DL predictions as well as the quality of the model and dataset for many applications of SPI.
Gas phase multicomponent detection and analysis combining broadband dual-frequency comb absorption spectroscopy and deep learning
Authors: Tian Linbo , Xia Jinbao , Kolomenskii Alexandre A. , Schuessler Hans A. , Zhu Feng , Li Yanfeng , He Jingliang , Dong Qian , Zhang Sasa
Published: August 2023

In absorption spectroscopy, analysis of multicomponent gas mixtures becomes challenging when absorption features overlap (blended spectra). Here we propose a gas sensor which can accurately identify the species and retrieve the concentrations of components in a gaseous mixture in a broad spectrum. The sensor integrates a mid-infrared dual-frequency comb laser source for spectrum acquisition and a deep learning algorithm for spectral analysis. The sensor was tested on gas phase mixtures of methane, acetone and water vapor. A prototype sensor was assessed in realistic scenarios in real time. We also systematically analyzed and presented explicit visualizations to explain the underlying working mechanism of the algorithms.
Perfluoropentane/apatinib-encapsulated metal–organic framework nanoparticles enhanced the microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Dongyun , Zhang Yixuan , Luo Yanchun , Qi Erpeng , Yu Jie , Liang Ping
Published: August 2023

We designed an iron-based metal–organic framework nanomedicine (PFP-Apa-MOF) by loading perfluoropentane (PFP) and apatinib (Apa). The results showed that MWA combined with PFP-Apa-MOF clearly enhanced the ablation efficiency. PFP-Apa-MOF could play a valuable role in enhancing MWA of HCC.
Site-selective post-modification of short α/γ hybrid foldamers: a powerful approach for molecular diversification towards biomedical applications
Authors: Shah Syed Kabir Hussain , Modi Unnati , Patel Karma , James Anjima , N Sreerag , De Susmita , Vasita Rajesh , Prabhakaran Panchami
Published: August 2023

In this work, we illustrated site-selective post-functionalization as an effective approach to introduce different functional groups on short α/γ hybrid foldamers. The modified artificial peptides can be explored for various biomedical applications.
Dielectric response of high-κ hafnium oxide under finite electric field: nonlinearities from ab initio and experimental points of view
Authors: Khaldi Othmen , Ferhi Hanen , Larbi Tarek , Jomni Fethi , Ben Younes Rached
Published: August 2023

We evaluate dielectric non linearities in HfO2 oxide from ab initio and experimental points of views with the frequency range. The optical dielectric constant scales like the low frequency regime which is in agreement with DFT calculations.
The polarized electric field of CdTe/B4C3 heterostructure efficiently promotes its photocatalytic overall water splitting
Authors: Jia Minglei , Ren Fengzhu , Han Wenna , Liu Pengyu , Jin Chao , Chen Xuefeng , Peng Chengxiao , Wang Bing
Published: August 2023

Inspired by natural photosynthesis, two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are considered as promising photocatalysts for solar-driven water splitting and they attract ever-growing interest.
Structure and self-diffusivity of alkali-halide electrolytes in neutral and charged graphene nanochannels
Authors: Rezlerová Eliška , Moučka Filip , Předota Milan , Lísal Martin
Published: August 2023

Structure of aqueous NaCl electrolyte under graphene confinement and mobility of water molecules and ions in negatively-charged graphene nanochannels.
Reaction of human telomeric unit TTAGGG and a photoactivatable Pt(iv) anticancer prodrug
Authors: Lin Jiafan , Zhang Jishuai , Ma Ziqi , Wu Xiaoqin , Wang Fuyi , Zhao Yao , Wu Kui , Liu Yi
Published: August 2023

A photoactivatable diazido Pt(iv) anticancer prodrug upon light irradiation binds at A3, G4, and G6 on human telomeric unit T1T2A3G4G5G6 with a potential intrastrand crosslink at G4 and G6.
The function of human milk oligosaccharides and their substitute oligosaccharides as probiotics in gut inflammation
Authors: Zhao Kunyi , Pang Hao , Shao Kaidi , Yang Zizhen , Li Shangyong , He Ningning
Published: August 2023

The human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) can play a role as prebiotics in the treatment and prevention of gut inflammation.
From screening to the hectogram scale: sustainable electrochemical synthesis of mefenpyr-diethyl
Authors: Linden Martin , Hofmann Silja , Weber Felix N. , Bär Robin M. , Kaldas Sherif J. , Ford Mark J. , Waldvogel Siegfried R.
Published: August 2023

A solvent-controlled electrochemical method for the preparation of commercial herbicide safener mefenpyr-diethyl is established, demonstrating its application potential from screening to hectogram scale.
Measurement of transient temperature using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with the surface temperature effect
Authors: Yang Zefeng , Tang Bo , Qiu Yan , Wu Jian , Wei Wenfu , Huang Xuefei , Luo Xingmao , Wu Guangning
Published: August 2023

A method based on LIBS technology for measuring transient surface temperatures had been proposed with an ultra-high time resolution of several μs.
A tri-material trifecta: designing a high-performance electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors and an electrocatalyst for HER applications with Ni3(PO4)2–NbPO4/CNT nanocomposites
Authors: Hassan Haseebul , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Alharthi Sarah , Amin Mohammed A. , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Ansari Mohd Zahid
Published: August 2023

Developing novel energy storage technologies is critical for increasing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage systems.
Computational insights on the antioxidant, antinitrosant, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory capacities of neobavaisoflavone
Authors: Boulebd Houssem , Amine Khodja Imene , Carmena-Bargueño Miguel , Pérez-Sánchez Horacio
Published: August 2023

Neobavaisoflavone is a potent scavenger of free radicals in polar physiological media, with higher rate constants than common antioxidants such as BHT. It is also a potential inhibitor of xanthine oxidase and follows the same pathway as quercetin.
NIR spectroscopy as a PAT tool for the extraction process of Gegen Qinlian Decoction: end-point determination and fault detection
Authors: Wu Sijun , Zhou Guoming , Zhang Xiaoyang , Fang Guangpu , Qian Jiahe , Zhang Kun , Li Wenlong
Published: August 2023

Rapid and accurate methods have been developed to determine the extraction end-points of active components and monitor the operating status of the extraction process.
Development of phenazine-2,3-diol-based photosensitizers: effect of substitution of the cyano group for the nitro group on singlet oxygen generation
Authors: Ohira Kazuki , Yu Chih-Hsin , Imato Keiichi , Ooyama Yousuke
Published: August 2023

Cyano-substituted phenazine-2,3-diol-based photosensitizers (PSs) reduce the ΔEST between the S1 (ππ*) state and Tn state, leading to the efficient intersystem crossing for 1O2 generation, compared to nitro-substituted phenazine-2,3-diol-based PSs.
Advancements in artificial micro/nanomotors for nucleic acid biosensing: a review of recent progress
Authors: Liu Conghui , Chen Jingyu , Liang Jiahui , Xu Tailin , Zhang Xueji
Published: August 2023

We elucidate the advancement of micro/nanomotor-based nucleic acid biosensing over the past decade, including fluorescence recovery-based biosensing, velocity change-based biosensing, and aggregation-enhanced biosensing.
Ready-to-be-addressed oxo-clusters: individualized, periodically organized and separated from the substrate
Authors: Salhi Juba , Calupitan Jan Patrick , Mattera Michele , Montero David , Miche Antoine , Maruchenko Régina , Proust Anna , Izzet Guillaume , Kreher David , Arfaoui Imad , Volatron Florence
Published: August 2023

The first periodically organized individual polyoxometalates: from long-scale range to single-molecule level characterizations.
Synthesis of original polymeric hydroperoxides as innovative oxidizing agents for self-cure dental materials
Authors: Morandi Paul , Catel Yohann , Angermann Jörg , Fässler Pascal , Robin Jean-Jacques , Monge Sophie
Published: August 2023

Odorless poly(methyl methacrylate-st-(4-(2-hydroxyperoxypropyl)benzoate) 2-ethyl methacrylate) telomers were synthesized and evaluated as oxidizing agents in redox initiators systems in the context of the elaboration of dental composites.
Structural phase transition and dielectric responses in two novel cyano-bridged coordination polymers synthesized by sealing the incomplete cyano-bridged cage
Authors: Cai Zhuoer , Hua Xiu-Ni , Zhang Yinan , Chen Jian , Sun Kai , Wang Zining , Liu Xianmin , Zhang Xinyi , Xiao Shiyue , Sun Baiwang
Published: August 2023

Structural analysis of two novel cyano-bridged coordination polymers synthesized by sealing the incomplete cyano-bridged cage.
In situ fluorescence visualizing of a temperature-dependent photoreaction process of pyridazine N-oxide
Authors: Gong Jianye , Gong Junyi , He Yumao , Li Chunbin , Yang Bo , Liu Lingxiu , Jiang Guoyu , Wang Jianguo
Published: August 2023

The photoreaction processes of pyridazine N-oxide are monitored using photoluminescence spectra in a real-time and in situ manner, and the reaction mechanism is studied by theoretical calculations.
3D printable, thermo-responsive, self-healing, graphene oxide containing self-assembled hydrogels formed from block copolymer wormlike micelles
Authors: Yue Qi , Luo Zhidong , Li Xueyuan , Fielding Lee A.
Published: August 2023

3D printable, thermo-responsive, self-healing and adhesive nanocomposite hydrogels formed from wormlike miclelles are prepared byin situRAFT-mediated polymerisation-induced self-assembly in the presence of graphene oxide.
Is (002) the only one that's important? An overall consideration of the main exposed crystallographic planes on a Zn anode for obtaining dendrite-free long-life zinc ion batteries
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Songyao , Wang Haoqiang , Wang Yi , Liu Yani , Dou Shuming , Miao Xinrui , Deng Wenli , Lin Xi , Yuan Qunhui
Published: August 2023

A theoretically guided Zn2+confining–anchoring strategy is proposed based on the different strengths between alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) additives and various crystallographic planes of zinc to achieve dendrite-free aqueous ZIB.
High-performance ultra-low-voltage organic field-effect transistors based on anodized TiOx dielectric and solution-sheared organic single crystals
Authors: Geng Bowen , Zhang Feng , Ding Xiaohai , Liu Lei , Chen Yan , Duan Shuming , Ren Xiaochen , Hu Wenping
Published: August 2023

An optimal solution for achieving ultra-low-voltage (at 1 V) organic field-effect transistors using an anodized TiOx/PS hybrid dielectric combined with a solution-sheared organic single-crystal thin film is demonstrated.
Assessment of the potential cerebellar toxicity of gold nanoparticles on the structure and function of adult male albino rats
Authors: Yousof Shimaa Mohammad , Erfan Horeya , Shehata Shaimaa A. , Hosny Marwa M. , El-Sayed Karima
Published: August 2023

Background: The regular use of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) may increase the likelihood of human exposure to these nanoparticles (NPs) and raises concerns about toxicity. Aim: This study investigated the short-term impact of exposure to Au-NPs on inducing cerebellar pathology in rats, and whether the dose or duration of exposure was more important. Methodology: The study used two concentrations of Au-NPs (25 and 50 particles per million) and 18 rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Assessments of the animals were done via behavioral, gene expression, histological, and immunohistochemistry analyses. Results: Both concentrations of Au-NPs caused cerebellar pathology, as assessed through the investigation test battery. The Au-NPs50 group displayed more injury and decreased mobility compared with the control and the Au-NPs25 group. The Au-NPs25 group showed an increase in supported rearing and significant up-regulation of the Rgc32 gene compared with the control. The Trkb gene was insignificantly up-regulated in both Au-NPs groups compared with the control. Conclusion: The study indicates that exposure to Au-NPs can cause cerebellar pathology in rats and that the toxicity is more dependent on dose than the duration of exposure. These findings have significant implications for the safe use of Au-NPs in various applications.
Reactive power management: Comparison of expert‐based and optimization‐based approaches for dispatcher training
Authors: Kaushal Abhimanyu , Mirowski Artur , Skwarski Mateusz , Wasilewski Jacek , Ergun Hakan , Van Hertem Dirk
Published: August 2023

Reactive power management (RPM) in electric power systems is usually based on a rule‐based control derived from the transmission system operator's (TSO) experience. This approach faces challenges as the number of decisions and the complexity of the system operation is increasing. With the increasing generation from renewables and the evolution of electricity markets, the available resources must be optimally utilized. This paper compares the optimization‐based approach (OBA) and the experience‐based expert approach (EBA) for RPM. The OBA is based on security‐constrained optimization with minimum redispatch cost as the objective function for a reference contingency. In contrast, the EBA's actions are based on the system operator's experience. Comparison is made in terms of the generator redispatch cost, active and reactive power redispatch volume, active power losses, nodal voltages, and the number of actions to ensure secure operation. The analysis using a reduced model of an actual transmission system shows that OBA is more beneficial than EBA, with up to 22% and 42% reduction in redispatch cost and volume, respectively. Moreover, the control decisions from both approaches are seen to be similar. This study aims to show the usefulness of the OBA and motivate TSOs to move towards optimization‐based reactive power management.
A novel deinterleaving method for radar pulse trains using pulse descriptor word dot matrix images and cascade‐recurrent loop network
Authors: Chen Tao , Liu Yuning , Guo Limin , Lei Yu
Published: August 2023

Traditional signal deinterleaving methods depend on preset parameters, use complicated steps and have limitations in handling complex electromagnetic environments where signals overlap in the space, time and frequency domains. This paper presents a novel approach using a deep segmentation network for radar signal deinterleaving. The pulse descriptor word data is transformed into a dot matrix image, which is then processed by a Cascade‐Recurrent Loop Network (CRLN) for segmentation. The CRLN consists of a Type Segmentation Network, an Amount Decision Network and a Recurrent Individual Segmentation Network. By recursively segmenting each target and determining the number of sources, the CRLN overcomes the challenges posed by the discontinuity and high overlap of individuals in the dot matrix image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, surpassing traditional deinterleaving methods, achieving high accuracy, low omission rate and effectively mitigates the increasing batch problem in complex scenarios. The experiments conducted on a randomly generated dataset yielded impressive results: over 90% accuracy when dealing with pulses from 15 radars of different types, over 96% accuracy when deinterleaving pulses from 4 radar individuals of a same type and over 90% accuracy when handling 5 radars of different types with 10% pulse loss.
Restrike characteristics of vacuum circuit breaker in its opening process under DC voltage
Authors: Sun Jixing , Fan Yongzhi , Liu Jiyong , Huo Jindong , Song Sibo , Ding Yujian , Tian Yu , Wang Huili , Wu Nana
Published: August 2023

The restrike of vacuum circuit breaker during the breaking process causes overvoltage and intensifies the insulation deterioration of high‐voltage equipment. To solve this problem, the vacuum breaker aging test method and the restrike characteristics are researched. A withstand voltage test platform of 40.5‐kV vacuum circuit breaker was established to obtain the effects of the contact spacing and loop and inrush currents of vacuum circuit breaker on the number of restrike, the wavefront steepness of the breakdown voltage, and the breakdown duration. The number of restrike during the breaking of vacuum circuit breaker decreased and the duration of the repeated‐breakdown arc increased with the increased contact spacing of vacuum circuit breaker. As the loop current of the test system increased, the number of restrike during the breaking of vacuum circuit breaker, the wavefront steepness of the breakdown voltage, and the duration of the restrike arc increased. As the inrush current amplitude increased during the closing of vacuum circuit breaker, the number of restrike and the duration of the repeated‐breakdown arc during the breaking of vacuum circuit breaker increased. The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the preventive test of 40.5‐kV vacuum circuit breaker and the optimization of the withstand voltage test.
Simple low power‐delay‐product parallel signed multiplier design using radix‐8 structure with efficient partial product reduction
Authors: Boppana Naga Venkata Vijaya Krishna , Ren Saiyu
Published: August 2023

The continued quest for finding a low‐power and high‐performance hardware algorithm for signed number multiplication led to designing a simple and novel radix‐8 signed number multiplier with 3‐bit grouping and partial product reduction performed using magnitudes of the multiplicand and the multiplier. The pre‐computation stage constitutes magnitude calculation and non‐trivial computations required to generate partial products. A new partial product reduction strategy is deployed in the design to improve the speed with low cost. 8×8, 16×16, 32×32, and 64×64 designs are presented for the proposed architectures. Performance results include area, power, delay, and power‐delay‐product of synthesized and post‐layout designs using 32 nm CMOS technology with 1.05 V supply voltage.
Effects of the centrifugal force in stellar dynamo simulations
Authors: Navarrete Felipe H. , Käpylä Petri J. , Schleicher Dominik R. G. , Banerjee Robi
Published: August 2023

Context.The centrifugal force is often omitted from simulations of stellar convection either for numerical reasons or because it is assumed to be weak compared to the gravitational force. However, the centrifugal force might be an important factor in rapidly rotating stars, such as solar analogs, due to its Ω2scaling, where Ω is the rotation rate of the star.

Aims.We study the effects of the centrifugal force in a set of 21 semi-global stellar dynamo simulations with varying rotation rates. Included in the set are three control runs aimed at distinguishing the effects of the centrifugal force from the nonlinear evolution of the solutions.

Methods.We solved the 3D magnetohydrodynamic equations with the PENCILCODEin a solar-like convective zone in a spherical wedge setup with a 2πazimuthal extent. The rotation rate and the amplitude of the centrifugal force were varied. We decomposed the magnetic field into spherical harmonics and studied the migration of azimuthal dynamo waves (ADWs), the energy of different large-scale magnetic modes, and differential rotation.

Results.In the regime with the lowest rotation rates, Ω = 5 − 10 Ω⊙, where Ω⊙is the rotation rate of the Sun, we see no marked changes in either the differential rotation or the magnetic field properties. For intermediate rotation, Ω = 20 − 25 Ω⊙, we identify an increase in the differential rotation as a function of centrifugal force. The axisymmetric magnetic energy tends to decrease with centrifugal force, while the non-axisymmetric one increases. The ADWs are also affected, especially in the propagation direction. In the most rapidly rotating set with Ω = 30 Ω⊙, these changes are more pronounced, and in one case the propagation direction of the ADW changes from prograde to retrograde. The control runs suggest that the results are a consequence of the centrifugal force and not due to the details of the initial conditions or the history of the run.

Conclusions.We find that the differential rotation and properties of the ADWs only change as a function of the centrifugal force when rotation is rapid enough.
Asymmetries of frequency splittings of dipolar mixed modes: A window on the topology of deep magnetic fields
Authors: Mathis S. , Bugnet L.
Published: August 2023

Context. Space asteroseismology is revolutionizing our knowledge of the internal structure and dynamics of stars. A breakthrough is ongoing with the recent discoveries of signatures of strong magnetic fields in the core of red giant stars. The key signature for such a detection is the asymmetry these fields induce in the frequency splittings of observed dipolar mixed gravito-acoustic modes.

Aims. We investigate the ability of the observed asymmetries of the frequency splittings of dipolar mixed modes to constrain the geometrical properties of deep magnetic fields.

Methods. We used the powerful analytical Racah-Wigner algebra used in quantum mechanics to characterize the geometrical couplings of dipolar mixed oscillation modes with various realistically plausible topologies of fossil magnetic fields. We also computed the induced perturbation of their frequencies.

Results. First, in the case of an oblique magnetic dipole, we provide the exact analytical expression of the asymmetry as a function of the angle between the rotation and magnetic axes. Its value provides a direct measure of this angle. Second, considering a combination of axisymmetric dipolar and quadrupolar fields, we show how the asymmetry is blind to the unraveling of the relative strength and sign of each component. Finally, in the case of a given multipole, we show that a negative asymmetry is a signature of non-axisymmetric topologies.

Conclusions. Asymmetries of dipolar mixed modes provide a key bit of information on the geometrical topology of deep fossil magnetic fields, but this is insufficient on its own. Asteroseismic constraints should therefore be combined with spectropolarimetric observations and numerical simulations, which aim to predict the more probable stable large-scale geometries.
Resolved Kennicutt–Schmidt law in two strongly lensed star-forming galaxies at redshift 1
Authors: Nagy David , Dessauges-Zavadsky Miroslava , Messa Matteo , Richard Johan , Sun Jiayi , Combes Françoise , Eyholzer Yannick
Published: August 2023

We study the star formation rate (SFR) vs. molecular gas mass (Mmol) scaling relation from hundreds to thousands of parsec in two strongly lensed galaxies at redshift z ∼ 1, the Cosmic Snake and A521. We trace the SFR using extinction-corrected rest-frame UV observations with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and Mmol using detections of the CO(4–3) line with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The similar angular resolutions of our HST and ALMA observations of 0.15 − 0.2″ combined with magnifications reaching μ > 20 enable us to resolve structures in the galaxies of sizes lower than 100 pc. These resolutions are close to those of studies of nearby galaxies. This allows us to investigate for the first time the Kennicutt–Schmidt (KS) law (SFR–Mmol surface densities) at different spatial scales, from galactic scales to ∼100 pc scales, in galaxies at z ∼ 1. At integrated scales we find that both galaxies satisfy the KS law defined by galaxies at redshifts between 1 and 2.5. We test the resolved KS (rKS) law in cells of sizes down to 200 pc in the two galaxies. We observe that this relationship generally holds in these z ∼ 1 galaxies, although its scatter increases significantly with decreasing spatial scales. We check the scale dependence of the spatial correlation between the surface densities of SFR and Mmol by focusing on apertures centred on individual star-forming regions and molecular clouds. We conclude that star-forming regions and molecular clouds become spatially de-correlated at ≲1 kpc in the Cosmic Snake, whereas they appear de-correlated at all spatial scales (from 400 pc to 6 kpc) in A521.
Advancement of Project Management, Economics, and Social Effects and Risk Assessment in the Seventeenth ICMSEM Proceedings
Authors: Xu Jiuping
Published: August 2023

Management Science and Engineering Management (MSEM) has significantly contributed to socio-economic development, especially management and control processes. This paper first gives an introduction to the primary notions discussed in Volume II of the 17th ICMSEM Proceedings, which is followed by a brief review of engineering management (EM) research. The most widely discussed research areas have been project management, economic and social effects, and risk assessment. The final collection comprises scientific journal articles that were released between 1990 and 2023. Then, after an appraisal of the major research accomplishments in these three fields, the relevant research papers in Proceedings Volume II are summarized.
Is It Effective for Companies to Pretend to Care for the Environment? Research on the Impact of Corporate Environmental Claims on Word-of-mouth Recommendation
Authors: Ku Yi , Li Shan , Zhao Yichen
Published: August 2023

In the era of Internet business, online word-of-mouth recommendation has become a key factor affecting consumers’ decision-making. Enterprises increase consumers’ willingness to recommend their brands by word of mouth in various ways. This paper mainly studies the influence of corporate environmental claims on consumers’ intention of word-of-mouth recommendation, and explores the roles of different advertising appeals in such process. Independent sample T-test, regression analysis, and cross-test analysis were assumed to study the differences of consumers’ word-of-mouth recommendation intention in response to different environmental claims and the mediating effect of green trust in influencing the consumers. The results showed that: consumers are more willing to recommend a brand by word-of-mouth when facing substantive environmental claims than associative environmental claims, and in this process, green trust serves as a mediator between corporate environmental claims and consumers’word-of-mouth recommendation intention; environmental advertising by green value appeal can encourage more word-of-mouth recommendation intention than environmental advertising by fear appeal.
Railway Track and Vehicle Onboard Monitoring: A Review
Authors: Peinado Gonzalo Alfredo , Entezami Mani , Weston Paul , Roberts Clive , Pedro Garcia Marquez Fausto
Published: August 2023

Railway condition monitoring is the compound of activities aimed at the detection and mitigation of faults in both tracks and vehicles. This minimizes damage and disruption, and increases the usability and benefits of railways. Trackside monitoring provides frequent data, but is costly and ineffective for large segments of track. Onboard monitoring using dedicated vehicles provides deep knowledge of the track, but is infrequent and requires allocated resources and track availability. The use of sensors onboard passenger trains overcomes these issues by acquiring signals more frequently and with relatively inexpensive devices, hence the increasing use of these devices. This review presents the current techniques applied for track and train condition monitoring techniques using onboard sensors, as well as the use of trackside sensors.
The Influence of Tourists’ Brand Sensory Impression on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Tourism
Authors: Sha Sha , Zhao Yeqing , Xiong Zhihan , Lin Wei
Published: August 2023

Tourists’ good brand sensory image for Traditional Chinese Medicine health tourism (TCMHT) can improve the brand building of tourism destinations. This paper takes some tourists who enter the scenic spots of integrated TCMHT as the research object to investigate the sensory perception of the brand of the TCMHT destination of this group, aiming to further analyze the matching degree between the existing brand building of TCMHT destination and Tourists’ Brand Sensory Impression (TBSI). This paper uses Matlab software to carry out a visual word cloud analysis on the TCMHT keywords that tourists pay more attention to. Based on the word cloud data, the binary Logistic regression model is constructed by using Python and SPSS software, and the influencing factors of TBSI’s selection of TCM are analyzed from six dimensions. The results show that the richness of natural landscape, the quantity and type of cultural resources, ecological environment, professional service ability, healthy diet and supporting facilities, and market position have a significant positive impact on the choice of TCMHT destination. Meanwhile, the marketing publicity, forms and features of TCMHT destinations have a significant positive impact on tourists’ impression intention. Based on the research conclusions and the characteristics of TBSI, this paper proposes the development positioning of tourist destinations, and provides theoretical guidance for the brand building of tourist destinations by using tourists’ unique, specific and direct sensory experience.
Research on the Enterprise Collaborative Innovation Performance in the Economic Circle of Chengdu-Chongqing from the Perspective of Proximity
Authors: Zhang Zhiqun , Zhang Hui , Yang Xue , Ferdous Sharoyer Hossen
Published: August 2023

Based on the perspective of proximity, in the context of the Economic Circle of Chengdu-Chongqing of China, we use invention patent data provided by the China National Intellectual Property Administration and conduct negative binomial models to empirically test the impact of multidimensional proximity on enterprise collaborative innovation performance. We further examine the moderating effect of enterprise innovation capacity on the relationship between multidimensional proximity and enterprise collaborative innovation performance. The results show that technological proximity, geographical proximity, and institutional proximity all positively affect enterprise collaborative innovation performance. Enterprise innovation capability has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between institutional proximity and enterprise collaborative innovation performance, but it cannot negatively moderate the positive effects of technological proximity and geographical proximity on enterprise collaborative innovation performance.
Intelligent Exploration of Construction Accidents Based on Knowledge Graph
Authors: Xu Hui , Liao Huiming , Tan Yongtao , Xing Bin , Hou Bo
Published: August 2023

The construction industry is characterized by long production cycles, poor mobility of workers, various kinds of outdoor operations and complex construction processes, leading to frequent safety accidents. To explore the occurrence rule of the construction accidents in building construction, this paper applied knowledge graph technology in the field of artificial intelligence to analyze construction accidents. Firstly, defining the conceptual architecture of the domain knowledge graph. Secondly, extracting key knowledge elements from construction accident data. The knowledge graph of construction accidents has been established by using the Neo4j graph database. Further, a construction accident analysis process based on the knowledge graph has been proposed. The intelligent analysis, such as query, statistical analysis and correlation path analysis for accident information have been conducted. The results shows that based on knowledge graph technology, construction accidents in visual graphics or tables could be visualized. The accident information in the form of knowledge could be saved and queried quickly. The study can provide knowledge support for accident prevention and improve the efficiency of accident analysis. Besides, it can provide innovative ideas as well as decision support for safety management.
An Optimization of Airline Scheduling Systems Based on a New Airline Pilots’ Fatigue Assessment Algorithm
Authors: Yang Sophie Xin , Xu Bei , Wen Jiaqi , Dove Martin T.
Published: August 2023

Flight safety reports from different sources indicate that the proportion of accidents caused by flight fatigue accounts for 6-11% of all types of flight accidents. Current regulations in the civil aviation industry across the world generally emphasize the length of working hours rather than the influences of circadian rhythm disorders. Based on an analysis of the flight mission data of 567 pilots in 2019, which highlighted the associations between circadian rhythm disorders and flight fatigue, we have proposed a new algorithm to reflect pilots’ fatigue status to include five main indicators: actual working hours, circadian rhythm disorders, work rhythm disorder, altitude flight hours and flight crew composition. The results assessed by the new algorithm reported that about 70% of the airline pilots studied were under the threat of a high risk of fatigue in 2019. Subsequently, this research suggests the use of two algorithms to optimize pilot scheduling systems, and findings show that the percentage of pilots with a high level of fatigue can be largely reduced.