bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commuting Contrasts in Post-Industrial England: Mobility in the World's First Urban Industrial City Regions
Authors: Coombes Mike
Published: December 2019

This paper compares commuting behaviour in different regions of England, with the primary focus on a set of five northern city regions centred on Manchester whose built environment was forged by very early industrialization. Commuting flows are shaped by local geography, which in the
study area features many similarly sized, closely spaced towns with strongly localized identity, plus a central upland area of the Pennines. Recent policies to improve transport within and between these city regions aim to increase agglomeration economies through increased commuting, a strategy
supported by some research suggesting Pennine region people are unwilling to commute as far as workers elsewhere in England. Analysing data from two sources, Population Census and the National Travel Survey, provides diff ering evidence on regional commuting pa erns. Taking a historical perspective
makes it clear that the distances commuted in the Pennine region are less divergent from the national average than are the longer distances commuted in and near London. The key factors associated with either shorter- or longer-distance commuting in Britain help explain shorter-distance commuting
in the Pennine region and, in so doing, cast doubt on the potential of current policies either to increase longer-distance commuting or to enable many short-distance commuters to adopt a 'middling' distance commute. Labour demand deficiency is the key problem in the region: Pennine region
people could be expected to commute further if more, and more well-paid, jobs were available. The paper also provides an exploratory analysis which suggests that strong localized identity such as that in Pennine towns could be linked to a preference for working nearer to home.
Commuting between Rural and Urban Areas: Evidence from India
Authors: Sharma Ajay
Published: December 2019

This paper is an attempt to extend the dialogue on the nature of commuting between rural and urban areas and its implications for labour market outcomes in rural and urban India. We show that over the period 2004–2005 to 2011–2012, the magnitude of commuting workers has
not changed but the composition has changed with reduction in rural no fixed place workers and increase in urban-no fixed place workers. We further highlight that rural–urban commuting can be considered mobility for better opportunities on account of diversification of livelihood strategy
and underemployment in rural areas.
Influencia de la Disciplina Operativa durante el carguío en el rendimiento de la emulsión encartuchada 1 ¼ - acceso 575 Mina Ticlio 2018
Authors: Picoy Almerco Armando , Sosa Sánchez José Luis , Lazo Camposano Gladis Lida
Published: December 2019

Para iniciar el estudio se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los antecedentes relacionados a estudios de investigación sobre la influencia de la disciplina operativa durante el carguío y su rendimiento de las emulsiones encartuchadas, ante tal hecho históricamente se han realizado estudios experimentales sobre el comportamiento de los explosivos en base a nitrocarbonitratos (NCN) en la gama de emulsiones, estas mezclas explosivas presentan comportamientos variables en sus características técnicas principalmente en la velocidad de detonación influenciado por diferentes factores y condiciones de operación.Para nuestro caso se ha evaluado el rendimiento de la emulsión encartuchada en diámetro de 1 ¼”, trabajando en condiciones normales y rutinarias de operación; habiéndose evaluado en total 40 eventos - disparos en el Acceso 575 de la Mina Ticlio. Por cada evento se han tomado muestras de los procedimientos y conductas operacionales y al mismo tiempo se ha realizado la medición de la velocidad de detonación, utilizando un equipo hardware Microtrap de MREL y un sensor resistivo de 10 ohm/m probe-cable, obteniendo los resultados para cada evento.Finalmente, el estudio consistió en demostrar las diferencias entre los resultados en la velocidad de detonación de la emulsión encartuchada de diámetro 1 ¼” supeditados a los escenarios de procedimientos y conductas operacionales denominado disciplina operativa.
Metabolic risks of hyperuricemia
Authors: Dolgova L. N. , Krasivina I. G. , Dolgov N. V. , Lugovkina D. G.
Published: December 2019

Hyperuricemia (HU), traditionally considered as an important risk factor and therapeutic target for patients with gout, currently draws attention of many researchers from the perspective of its contribution to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-associated diseases. The study aimed to determine the frequency of detection of HU and its conjugation with burden of metabolic comorbidities in outpatients. HU was detected in 253 (27.1%) of 933 people referred to the determination of the uric acid (UA) level. The investigators took into account the presence of established diagnosis of gout, cardiovascular system diseases associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and urolithiasis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The study showed that patients with HU had four times higher metabolic comorbidity level than individuals with normal UA levels. Not only gout (6.25 times), but also urolithiasis with CKD (2.2 times) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1.9 times) were more common in people with elevated UA levels. Among patients with HU, women were 2.2 times more likely to have type 2 diabetes than men. Patients with type 2 diabetes and CVD, especially women, need to correct HU to reduce the risk of progression of metabolic disorders. The article presents a brief overview of modern drugs for the management of GU.
Community size, perception of health, depression and diabetes mellitus in Mexican adults
Authors: Ramírez-Girón Natalia , Gallegos-Cabriales Esther , Ortiz-Rodriguez Jeyle
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a public health problem. Theoretical approaches that include factors of the individual, environmental factors and the synergy of these variables in the development of T2D are necessary, to achieve a better understanding of the phenomenon. The research question was: What individual and environmental factors explain the presence of diabetes in a representative sample of the adult population of Mexico?             Method: Data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study were used. 13,186 observations were included corresponding to individuals over 50 years old living in Mexico. A linear hierarchical model with two levels (1. Individual, 2. Community) was performed.Results: Individuals who have a better perception of their health condition and do more exercise are less likely to have diabetes. Meanwhile, depression, sleep problems, having hypertension, and parents with diabetes are positively related to the likelihood of having diabetes. Individuals who live on large-sized localities are more likely to have diabetes than people who live in small communities. The effect of community size is greater as individuals have a better perception of their health condition and the effect of depression levels on the likelihood of having diabetes increases as individuals live in large communities. The probabilities of risk and association of an exposure with an event such as diabetes are evaluated.Discussion or Conclusion: Diabetes can be explained from individual factors and the size of the community where people reside, which interact with specific individual factors, which improves the understanding of the development of diabetes.
Experimental study on filter media using locally available materials in bioretention
Authors: Yang Feikai , Singh Rajendra Prasad , Fu Dangfang
Published: December 2019

Bioretention systems and selection of effective filter media are very important in implementation of sponge cities. The current study was carried out to find proper composition of filter media using locally available materials, which acclimate to the special/local climate, environmental and geographical conditions in Yangtze River Delta region. Results revealed that sand with discontinuous gradation and containing a certain amount of clay led to unsatisfactory hydraulic performance (hydraulic conductivity ranged from 423 mm/h to 1,054 mm/h, and 1,500 mm/h to 29 mm/h). In contrast, a mixture of locally available sand, which consisted of continuous gradation of coarse sand (40–70%, by mass), fine sand (0–40%, by mass), very fine sand (10–60%, by mass) and nutrient soil (0–3%, by mass), had a hydraulic conductivity ranging from 200 to 400 mm/h and relatively stable structure. During the 70 days' flooding test, the hydraulic conductivity changed in the first 20 days due to the migration of particles (mainly <0.6 mm) and then became stable; the stable value was close to the initial. Moreover, easy access and simple production processes made it easier to promote. Findings could be used as a guideline for implementation of bioretention systems and selection of locally available and effective filter material.
The blue-green path to urban flood resilience
Authors: O'Donnell Emily , Thorne Colin , Ahilan Sangaralingam , Arthur Scott , Birkinshaw Stephen , Butler David , Dawson David , Everett Glyn , Fenner Richard , Glenis Vassilis , Kapetas Leon , Kilsby Chris , Krivtsov Vladimir , Lamond Jessica , Maskrey Shaun , O'Donnell Greg , Potter Karen , Vercruysse Kim , Vilcan Tudorel , Wright Nigel
Published: December 2019

Achieving urban flood resilience at local, regional and national levels requires a transformative change in planning, design and implementation of urban water systems. Flood risk, wastewater and stormwater management should be re-envisaged and transformed to: ensure satisfactory service delivery under flood, normal and drought conditions, and enhance and extend the useful lives of ageing grey assets by supplementing them with multi-functional Blue-Green infrastructure. The aim of the multidisciplinary Urban Flood Resilience (UFR) research project, which launched in 2016 and comprises academics from nine UK institutions, is to investigate how transformative change may be possible through a whole systems approach. UFR research outputs to date are summarised under three themes. Theme 1 investigates how Blue-Green and Grey (BG + G) systems can be co-optimised to offer maximum flood risk reduction, continuous service delivery and multiple co-benefits. Theme 2 investigates the resource capacity of urban stormwater and evaluates the potential for interoperability. Theme 3 focuses on the interfaces between planners, developers, engineers and beneficiary communities and investigates citizens’ interactions with BG + G infrastructure. Focussing on retrofit and new build case studies, UFR research demonstrates how urban flood resilience may be achieved through changes in planning practice and policy to enable widespread uptake of BG + G infrastructure.
Proposição de uma escala de avaliação da qualidade de parques públicos verdes urbanos
Authors: Carvalho Ítalo Brener , Gosling Marlusa
Published: December 2019

Áreas verdes urbanas são comumente avaliadas por duas perspectivas: a primeira aponta dimensões relacionadas com benefícios para os indivíduos e consequentemente para a população local e na segunda perspectiva relacionada com a atratividade turística com dimensões focadas em atrair investimento e renda para a população e para a cidade. Por meio de um aporte teórico fundamentado em marketing de serviços, este estudo propõe um avanço das escalas existentes como, por exemplo, a SERVIQUAL, SERVICESCAPE e a IQAVU. Com o objetivo de desenvolver uma escala para a avaliação da qualidade percebida pelos visitantes de parques verdes urbanos, na cidade de Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil. Este trabalho aponta indicadores de qualidade em áreas verdes urbanas sinalizados por usuários locais e/ou por turistas. Para alcançar o objetivo foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, à 17 vistas sistemáticas aos parques na cidade de Belo Horizonte. Os dados obtidos, de caráter exploratório foram analisados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo, atingiram a saturação ao numero de 77 entrevistas e forneceram o subsidio necessário para a elaboração de um segundo método. Caracterizado por um estudo do tipo survey, com uma coleta de 737 questionários estruturados, analisados por Analise Fatorial Exploratórios (AFE) para confirmar que a qualidade percebida é um construto multidimensional, composto por (1) Aspectos Tangíveis, (2) Facilidade Avaliações de Acesso, (3) Avaliação Segurança, (4) Avaliação Beleza, (5) Avaliação Propensão a Integração.  A escala proposta é adequada para a avaliação da qualidade dos espaços verdes, contribuindo para ações que visem maior motivação de visita e satisfação de seus usuários.

Palavras-chave: Qualidade Percebida. Satisfação. Atitudes e Intenções. Comportamentais. Modelagem de Equações. Áreas Verdes Urbanas.
FTY720 (Fingolimod) Ameliorates Brain Injury through Multiple Mechanisms and is a Strong Candidate for Stroke Treatment
Authors: Wang Zifeng , Kawabori Masahito , Houkin Kiyohiro
Published: December 2019

FTY720 (Fingolimod) is a known sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist that exerts strong anti-inflammatory effects and was approved as the first oral drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2010. FTY720 is mainly associated with unique functional “antagonist” and “agonist” mechanisms. The functional antagonistic mechanism is mediated by the transient down-regulation and degradation of S1P receptors on lymphocytes, which prevents lymphocytes from entering the blood stream from the lymph node. This subsequently results in the development of lymphopenia and reduces lymphocytic inflammation. Functional agonistic mechanisms are executed through S1P receptors expressed on the surface of various cells including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and blood vessel endothelial cells. These functions might play important roles in regulating anti-apoptotic systems, modulating brain immune and phagocytic activities, preserving the Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB), and the proliferation of neural precursor cells. Recently, FTY720 have shown receptor-independent effects, including intracellular target bindings and epigenetic modulations. Many researchers have recognized the positive effects of FTY720 and launched basic and clinical experiments to test the use of this agent against stroke. Although the mechanism of FTY720 has not been fully elucidated, its efficacy against cerebral stroke is becoming clear, not only in animal models, but also in ischemic stroke patients through clinical trials. In this article, we review the data obtained from laboratory findings and preliminary clinical trials using FTY720 for stroke treatment.
Neuroprotection with Natural Antioxidants and Nutraceuticals in the Context of Brain Cell Degeneration: The Epigenetic Connection
Authors: Carrera Iván , Martínez Olaia , Cacabelos Ramón
Published: December 2019

:

Bioactive antioxidant agents present in selected plants are known to provide the first line of
biological defense against oxidative stress. In particular, soluble vitamin C, E, carotenoids and phenolic
compounds have demonstrated crucial biological effects in cells against oxidative damage, preventing
prevalent chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. The reported wide range
of effects that included anti-aging, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity were
studied against degenerative pathologies of the brain. Vitamins and different phytochemicals are important
epigenetic modifiers that prevent neurodegeneration. In order to explore the potential antioxidant
sources in functional foods and nutraceuticals against neurodegeneration, the present paper aims to show
a comprehensive assessment of antioxidant activity at chemical and cellular levels. The effects of the
different bioactive compounds available and their antioxidant activity through an epigenetic point of
view are also discussed.
Neurotransmitters and Behavioral Alterations Induced by Nickel Exposure
Authors: Martínez-Martínez María I. , Muñoz-Fambuena Isabel , Cauli Omar
Published: December 2019

Background::

Nickel ions (Ni2+) are a heavy metal with wide industrial uses. Environmental and occupational exposures to Ni are potential risk factors for brain dysfunction and behavioral and neurological symptoms in humans.

Methods:

We reviewed the current evidence about neurochemical and behavioral alterations associated with Ni exposure in laboratory animals and humans.

Results:

Ni2+ exposure can alter (both inhibition and stimulation) dopamine release and inhibit glutamate NMDA receptors. Few reports claim an effect of Ni2+at the level of GBA and serotonin neurotransmission. At behavioral levels, exposure to Ni2+in rodents alters motor activity, learning and memory as well as anxiety and depressive-like symptoms. However, no analysis of the dose-dependent relationship has been carried out regarding these effects and the levels of the Ni2+in the brain, in blood or urine.

Conclusion:

Further research is needed to correlate the concentration of Ni2+ in biological fluids with specific symptoms/deficits. Future studies addressing the impact of Ni2+ under environmental or occupational exposure should consider the administration protocols to find Ni2+levels similar in the general population or occupationally exposed workers.
Exploration and Application of Machine Learning Technology Based on Swarm Intelligence Optimization
Authors: Cai Rui-rui
Published: December 2019

Background:

In the agriculture development and growth, the intelligent machinery and equipment plays an important role. Various researchers are involved for implementing the research and patents to aid the smart agriculture and author reviewer that machine leaning technologies are providing the best support for this growth.

Method:

To explore machine learning technology and machine learning algorithms, mostly based on swarm intelligence optimization, and their applications are studied. An optimized V3CFOA-RF model is built through V3CFOA. The algorithm is tested in the data set collected concerning rice pests, later analysed and compared in detail with other existing algorithms.

Results:

The research result shows that the model and algorithm proposed are not only more accurate in recognition and prediction, but also solve the time lagging problem to a degree.

Conclusion:

The model and algorithm helped realise a higher accuracy in crop pest prediction, which ensures a more stable and higher output of rice. Thus they can be employed as an important decision-making instrument in the agricultural production sector.
Novosti u liječenju gestacijskog dijabetesa
Authors: Hlača Nika , Klobučar Majanović Sanja
Published: December 2019

Gestacijski dijabetes (GDM) najčešći je metabolički poremećaj u trudnica povezan s neželjenim ishodima trudnoće i dugoročnim zdravstvenim rizicima za majke i njihovo potomstvo. Prevalencija GDM-a u svijetu raste zbog epidemije debljine, sve starije dobi trudnica i strožih dijagnostičkih kriterija. Promjena životnog stila temeljena na uravnoteženoj prehrani i prirast tjelesne mase unutar poželjnih okvira imaju vodeću ulogu u liječenju GDM-a. Ako glikemijske ciljeve nije moguće ostvariti samo dijetom, indicirana je terapija inzulinom s obzirom na to da za oralne antihiperglikemike još nema dovoljno podataka o dugoročnoj sigurnosti. Budući da žene s GDM-om imaju doživotni rizik za razvoj šećerne bolesti tipa 2, potrebno je redovito praćenje i probir na šećernu bolest 4 do 12 tjedana nakon poroda te potom svake 1 do 3 godine. Cilj ovog članka je prikazati novosti u liječenju gestacijskog dijabetesa.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonija u imunokompromitiranog pacijenta neinficiranog virusom humane imunodeficijencije
Authors: Pospiš Klara , Pavić Ivica
Published: December 2019

Cilj: Analizirati dijagnostičke postupke kod sumnje na pneumoniju u imunokompromitiranih pacijenata s naglaskom na molekularnu dijagnostiku koja omogućuje brzo identificiranje uzročnika i sukladno tome primjenu učinkovite kauzalne terapije. Prikaz slučaja: Pacijentica stara 64 godine primljena je u Kliniku za infektivne bolesti zbog febriliteta do 39 °C u trajanju od devet dana te blagog kašlja. Laboratorijski parametri ukazivali su na akutnu infekciju. Radiogram pluća pokazao je patološki intersticijski crtež bilateralno. Dosada je pacijenticu kontrolirao hematolog, s obzirom na to da je podvrgnuta alogenoj transplantaciji hematopoetskih matičnih stanica zbog akutne mijeloične leukemije. Postavila se sumnja na pneumoniju. Promptno su ordinirane hemokulture i urinokultura te je uzorak sputuma poslan na analizu. Budući da su kulture bile sterilne, a sputum bakteriološki i mikološki negativan, pacijentica je bila upućena na bronhoskopiju s bronhoalveolarnom lavažom (BAL). Mikrobiološka i citološka analiza ispirka nije bila specifična za postavljanje etiološke dijagnoze, stoga je uzorak obrađen testovima lančane reakcije polimerazom (engl. polymerase chain reaction; PCR) na prisutnost najčešćih respiratornih patogena, kao i na Mycobacterium tuberculosis i Pneumocystis jirovecii. U međuvremenu je učinjena kompjutorizirana tomografija visoke rezolucije (engl. high resolution computerized tomography, HRCT) toraksa koja je potvrdila obrazac atipične pneumonije obostrano. Po dobivanju pozitivnog nalaza PCR-a na Pneumocystis jirovecii iz bronhoalveolarnog lavata pacijentica se liječila trimetoprim-sulfometoksazolom i prednisonom te je otpuštena dobrog općeg stanja. Zaključak: Budući da je bolest brzo dijagnosticirana te je i odgovarajuće liječenje na vrijeme započeto, pacijentica je ozdravila od Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonije (PJP), koja ima prosječnu smrtnost od 30 – 50 %.
Financial Governance After the Great Recession: What Changed and What Didn’t?
Authors: Kregel Jan
Published: December 2019

Finance in general, and banking in particular, are probably the only areas of the economic system where there is widespread agreement on the necessity of formal governance. Most governments reserve for themselves the right to issue debt in the form of coins and currency; in addition private providers of means of payment have failed so frequently to provide a safe and secure means of payment, with disastrous consequences for the operation of the real economy that governments have sought to regulate financial to prevent financial crisis. However, in an open global economy the regulations of national governments have little impact on the operation of global financial markets which are regulated by the governments of developed countries. Thus the regulations determined in developed country markets, in particular the US are of crucial importance to the governance of finance in developing countries. This paper considers the main innovations of developed country governance in the aftermath of the recent crisis, in p ticular capital requirements and macroprudential regulations and suggests that they are in fact not new regulatory provisions, but have been employed for some time with little succeeds and are thus not likely to shield developing countries for the financial instability caused by the failure of governance in developed country markets.Keywords: financial management, economic system, economic crisis, monetary policy, financial institution, regulation, governance
Energia e desenvolvimento sustentável no Brasil em comparação internacional
Authors: Schutte Giorgio Romano
Published: December 2019

Este artigo pretende abordar as potencialidades do Brasil no esforço global rumo a uma economia de baixo-carbono utilizando dados comparativos internacionais. Nesse campo, o país passou por uma trajetória muito diferenciada que o colocou, aparentemente, em grande vantagem em relação aos demais. Além de possuir uma matriz comparativamente mais limpa, demonstrou capacidade de provocar uma redução expressiva das emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE). Como país em desenvolvimento, o Brasil tem um duplo desafio: criar as condições para um desejado aumento do padrão de vida para sua população, o que exige disponibilidade de recursos energéticos, e, ao mesmo tempo, procurar uma eficiência energética, aumentando o rendimento da energia disponível. De outro lado, essas conquistas podem desestimular ulteriores avanços necessários.  Um dos grandes gargalos e desafios é o setor de transportes, em particular transporte rodoviário.
Responsividade democrática na democracia brasileira
Authors: Pederiva João Henrique , Pederiva Patrícia Lima Martins
Published: December 2019

A mensuração do quanto é necessário para alterar a realidade social – conexão orçamentária – e a avalição das correspondências entre agendas de escolhas efetuadas pelos agentes públicos e agendas de preferências populares – responsividade democrática – permitem inferências, sobre a qualidade dos sistemas políticos democráticos e a incidência de riscos regulatórios. O teste empírico desse modelo analítico utiliza dados, de gastos federais brasileiros, registros de atividades no Plenário do Senado Federal e indicações do principal problema nacional em pesquisas de opinião pública efetuadas pelo Latinobarômetro. Os resultados confirmam o maior risco regulatório associado a dívida pública e previdência social, além do descompasso entre as agendas da população e dos agentes públicos legislativos e executivos. Tal descompasso indica a necessidade de incentivar, mediante a regulação das prestações de contas governamentais, o maior alinhamento das expectativas reveladas nas agendas de preferências dos diversos integrantes do sistema político brasileiro.
Política e Administração
Authors: Pimentel A. Fonseca
Published: December 2019

Publicado originalmente em 1970, o artigo a seguir explora os termos “política” e “administração”. Primeiramente é feita uma análise sob uma perspectiva etimológica para em seguida explorar de que maneira os dois conceitos explicam a ação estatal e como se relacionam. O autor apresenta quais tipos de decisão são próprios da política e quais são próprios da administração e oferece um comparativo entre os três poderes ou funções clássicas do Estado no que se refere à predominância de política ou administração. Em tempos de uma acentuada proliferação de construtos para a representação de fenômenos organizacionais é necessária uma clara depuração e precisa definição terminológica, por exemplo, com o uso da análise conceitual. O artigo a seguir oferece um primeiro esforço nesse sentido e levanta algumas questões sobre como ocorrem as tomadas de decisão no âmbito da administração pública.
O estado da arte das discussões sobre migrações internacionais e políticas públicas
Authors: Coutinho Frederico de Morais Andrade , Bijos Danilo , Ribeiro Henrique Marques
Published: December 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o estado da arte da literatura a respeito de migrações internacionais e sua relação com políticas públicas. Para tanto, selecionaram-se artigos publicados nos últimos onze anos (2006 a 2016) nos principais periódicos nacionais segundo classificação Qualis da CAPES. Verificou-se predominância da discussão sobre políticas de integração em comparação ao controle migratório, demonstrando uma maior preocupação dos pesquisadores com as políticas de fixação e atenção às pessoas que migraram em detrimento dos mecanismos de entrada e saída. Identificaram-se majoritariamente estudos relativos às etapas de implementação e avaliação em comparação às etapas de formulação e agenda no âmbito do ciclo de políticas públicas. Observou-se ainda uma fragmentação muito grande dos estudos, com poucos autores tendo publicado mais de uma pesquisa nesse período. O volume de artigos encontrados também é baixo, com uma média de apenas 3,5 artigos por ano. Ante esses resultados, delineou-se uma agenda de pesquisa para futuras investigações.
Governança federativa nas políticas de saúde e assistência social: processo decisório nas Comissões Intergestores Tripartite (2009-2012)
Authors: Leandro José Geraldo , Menicucci Telma Maria Gonçalves
Published: December 2019

O artigo analisa a produção de decisões intergovernamentais no âmbito das Comissões Intergestores Tripartite das políticas de saúde e assistência social. O pano de fundo é a noção de governança federativa, como forma de governança pública, entendida como as interações intergovernamentais para a busca de melhores resultados das políticas. Foram analisadas atas das reuniões destas comissões no período 2009-2012, sendo comparadas as características das decisões produzidas, os temas e aspectos sobre as quais houve deliberação; tipos de participação por nível de governo; e resultado da deliberação. As conclusões indicam: os padrões da dinâmica intergovernamental são resultado da macro estrutura institucional do Brasil; embora tratem-se de comissões para produção de decisões intergovernamentais não há garantia que todos elementos constitutivos das políticas sejam debatidos e decididos; a garantia institucional de participação dos entes subnacionais não assegura igualdade decisória, embora seu poder de veto e sua influência não possa ser negligenciada.
Os desafios da governança em rede no âmbito do Circuito Liberdade
Authors: Senra Vinícius Henrique Campos , Oliveira Kamila Pagel
Published: December 2019

Inaugurado em 2010, o Circuito Liberdade é um projeto cultural composto por um conjunto amplo e diversificado de espaços culturais. Localizado na Praça da Liberdade, em Belo Horizonte, o Circuito Liberdade é formado por uma complexa rede de atores, públicos e privados, sendo um de seus principais desafios o gerenciamento desse conjunto de espaços, em uma perspectiva de governança em rede, de modo a conferir um caráter integrado ao projeto. Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as ações, estratégias e instrumentos de governança em rede adotados pelo Circuito, a partir da realização de pesquisa documental, observação participante e aplicação de questionário aos gestores dos espaços em funcionamento. Conclui-se que a gestão do Circuito já realiza ações para a articulação entre os seus espaços, mas que ainda se faz necessária a adoção de outras estratégias de governança em rede, tais como: a melhoria da comunicação interna, a disseminação do projeto para além do nível estratégico do Circuito e a maior participação da sociedade civil, ou a consolidação das existentes para garantir a unidade do Circuito, pois prevalecem ações particulares e isoladas dos espaços culturais.
Capacidade financeira dos municípios paulistas em atender às metas de educação infantil do Plano Nacional de Educação
Authors: Cruz Maria do Carmo Meirelles Toledo , Araújo Fátima Fernandes , Leite Carlos Corrêa , Montoro Fernando
Published: December 2019

O artigo apresenta estudo sobre a capacidade financeira dos municípios paulistas para atender as metas de educação infantil previstas no anteprojeto de lei do Plano Nacional de Educação para 2011-2020. A partir da base legal de finanças públicas, de projeções populacionais (2012-2020), gastos na educação infantil (2012) e receitas (2012), são analisados os gastos total e per capita em creche, pré-escola e educação infantil e as receitas de cada município. São realizadas projeções sobre o impacto financeiro em 2020 para que os municípios ofertem vagas em creche para 50% das crianças e em pré-escola para 100% das crianças. O trabalho identifica que, para atender as metas, os municípios paulistas terão que ampliar seus recursos em 47%, relativamente a 2012. Mostra também os diferentes graus de esforço para o cumprimento dessas metas: em 164 municípios, significará um incremento superior a 50% das receitas atuais, sendo que em 43 o incremento ultrapassa 90%.
A participação eletrônica no Uruguai, Chile e Colômbia a partir da teoria da ação comunicativa
Authors: Freitas Jorge Lheureux de , Macadar Marie Anne , Henriqson Eder
Published: December 2019

Baseado nos depoimentos de representantes de organizações não governamentais, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em estudar e comparar a participação eletrônica no Uruguai, Colômbia e Chile com fundamento na teoria da ação comunicativa (TAC). As evidências mostraram que Chile e Colômbia contam com lei específica que regula o tema e que a Colômbia é a única das três nações com um programa institucional de e-participação. As entrevistas indicaram que a presença da e-participação em todos os países é tímida e que, apesar da percepção de discurso governamental e vontade política favoráveis, os recursos disponíveis, nesse âmbito, estão aquém do necessário. Por final, as contribuições fizeram emergir uma discussão sobre a conveniência do modelo preconizado pela Open Government Partnership (OGP).
Método para cálculo de emolumentos de serviços públicos: uma aplicação ao transporte rodoviário internacional de cargas
Authors: Ribeiro Hugo Alves Silva , Netto Gizelle Coelho , Peixoto Nathane Eva Santos , Rocha Carlos Henrique
Published: December 2019

Para realizar determinados serviços algumas entidades públicas brasileiras realizam cobranças de valores. Esses montantes podem ser tratados como taxas, contribuições ou emolumentos. Em se tratando especificamente de emolumentos, o valor a ser cobrado deveria considerar o custo de utilização efetiva ou potencial do serviço público realizado, não podendo contemplar fatos geradores idênticos àqueles abarcados por impostos. Diante da dificuldade que algumas instituições têm para determinar os valores de cobrança dos emolumentos, este artigo tem por objetivo propor um método de cálculo capaz de facilitar e fundamentar a tomada de decisão dos gestores. O método desenvolvido adaptou conceitos inerentes ao Standard Cost Model, amostragem do trabalho e custeio baseado em atividades (ABC). Para analisar a viabilidade de implantação, essa técnica foi aplicada a uma das atividades da Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres que realiza a cobrança de emolumentos. Como resultado, o método se apresentou satisfatório para a finalidade proposta.
Analisis Kelayakkan Bisnis Kuliner dan Strategi Pemasaran pada Usaha Waroeng Spesial Sambal Yogyakarta
Authors: Afif Mufti , Arifa Isna
Published: December 2019

The process of business feasibility analysis is certainly closely related to the management of a business, which will analyze the prospects of market share, future prospects of the product especially to the appropriate marketing strategies to achieve the goals of a business. Waroeng SS is one of the culinary business unit known by the people in Yogyakarta area. This culinary business unit offers products that are different from other food stalls, sambal with various variants but still embed the characteristic of Javanese tongue. And now has earned billions of rupiah in turns per month, and outlets have reached 80 branches in the Java-Bali region. Therefore this paper should like to examine the business feasibility of SS owner in their begining and also to know about their product marketing strategy recently.

The type of research in this work uses a qualitative approach by digging data through direct interviews, both to the management of Waroeng SS and some of its customers.

The results conclude that business feasibility analysis is well planned; from the process of market determination, market segmentation, location, price and product have all been analyzed. While the marketing strategy which is done just make the customers trusty as their priority then they will certainly share the information to their colleagues.
Keywords: Business Feasibility, Strategy, Marketing, Waroeng SS
Implementasi Pembelajaran Tematik Berdasarkan Standar Proses Pendidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Studi Kasus di MIN 1 Bantul)
Authors: Badriah Laelatul
Published: December 2019

Education is an important pillar in creating a dignified nation's successor. Education in Indonesia has set a national education standard (SNP) that has long been applied in the education bureaucracy in Indonesia. MIN 1 Bantul is one of the Madarsah who has applied thematic learning based on the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum both in planning, implementation and evaluation. In addition, MIN 1 Bantul also includes madrasas that have implemented management in accordance with national education standards. Some important things in this study are the madrasa which tends to be the number two education, the implementation of educational standards that have not been maximized, and the fulfillment of process standards in the learning process at madrasah educational institutions.

Keywords: thematic learning, madrasah management, process standards
Meningkatkan Kualitas Waktu Pelayanan Administrasi Kantor Desa dengan Pemanfaatan Microsoft Access Berjaringan LAN (Local Area Network)
Authors: Winarno Agung , Isnaini Meisa
Published: December 2019

The application product for village office administration services using Microsoft Access with LAN networks is the result of research related to the need of excellent service for correspondences at the village office. Product development has ten stages, which are the analysis of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revisions, product trials, product revisions, product trials after revision, product revisions, and final production. The results of the product validation indicate that this application is feasible to use. The results of the use of the product indicate that the majority of respondents (village officials) stated that the application system of Microsoft Access-based village administration using LAN networks is very helpful in improving the quality of correspondence services in village offices, especially related to the writing of an inbox agenda book, an outgoing agenda book, letter making. and disposition.Keywords: service applications; service quality; village administration.
Investigation of Effecting Parameters in a Turning Operation
Authors: Khleif Ali Abbar , Elias Rasha R. , Kashkul Lujain Hussein
Published: December 2019

In this study multi objective optimization is utilized to optimize a turning operation to reveal the appropriate level of process features. The goal of this work is to evaluate the optimal combination of cutting parameters like feed, spindle speed, inclination angle and workpiece material to have a best surface quality Taguchi technique L9 mixed orthogonal array, has been adopted to optimize the roughness of surface. Three rods of length around (200 mm) for the three metals are used for this work. Each rod is divided into three parts with 50 mm length. For brass the optimum parametric mix for minimum Ra is A1, B1 and C3, i.e., at tool inclination angle (5), feedrate of 0.01, spindle speed of 1200 rpm. For copper the optimal parameters combination for best Ra is A1, B1 and C3, i.e., at tool inclination angle (5), feedrate of 0.01, spindle speed of 1200 rpm. For bronze the optimum parameters mix for minimum Ra is A1, B1and C3, i.e., at tool inclination angle (5), feedrate of 0.01, spindle speed of 1200 rpm.
Modeling of Bending Properties of Stainless Steel 304 Sheets Welded by Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Process
Authors: Alwan Ali Hussein
Published: December 2019

In this research, the effects of both current and argon gas pressure on the bending properties of welded joints were studied. Using the possible ranges of welding gas pressures and currents, Tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) of stainless steel (304) sheet was used to obtain their influence on the maximum bending force of the (TIG) welded joints. Design of experiment (DOE) ‘version 10' was used to determine the design matrix of experiments depending on the used levels of the input factors. Response surface methodology (RSM) technique was used to obtain an empirical mathematical model for the maximum bending force as a function of welding parameters (Current and Argon gas pressure). Also, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to verify the adequacy of the resulted model statistically.
Prevalencia de enfermedades asociadas al uso de agua contaminada en el Valle del Mezquital
Authors: Lara Figueroa Hugo Nathanael , García Salazar Edith Miriam
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de enfermedades gastrointestinales vinculadas al uso de aguas contaminadas en los hogares con carencia de acceso a agua potable y saneamiento en el Valle del Mezquital en Hidalgo, México.

Método: se utilizaron datos obtenidos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de 2012; se elaboró un modelo logístico binomial considerando variables sociodemográficas y otras relacionadas con las fuentes de abastecimiento de agua y saneamiento en los hogares.

Resultados: existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la probabilidad de presentar eventos de enfermedad en función al origen de la fuente del agua que llega a los hogares, la frecuencia de ésta, así como por la carencia de drenaje y de descarga directa en el sanitario.

Limitaciones: los resultados son representativos de la región, pero no de cada municipio que lo conforma.

Principales hallazgos: la falta de servicios básicos y de acceso a agua potable incrementa la probabilidad de eventos de enfermedad de tipo gastrointestinal en los hogares del Valle del Mezquital. Se recomienda implementar estrategias de política pública en términos de cobertura de servicios básicos, así como programas de tratamiento de agua que minimicen las afectaciones en la salud por el uso doméstico.
Ángel Israel Limón Enríquez, El Senado mexicano y las reformas a la Constitución a finales del siglo XIX
Authors: Marañón Hernández Pedro
Published: December 2019

Reseña sobre Ángel Israel Limón Enríquez, El Senado mexicano y las reformas a la Constitución a finales del siglo XIX, México, Tirant lo Blanch, 2019, 208 p. [Colección Historia del Derecho en América Latina].
Pelindungan Hak Paten atas Pengetahuan Obat Tradisional Melalui Pasal 26 UU No. 13 Tahun 2016 tentang Paten (Protection of Patent Rights on Traditional Medicine Knowledge Through Article 26 of Law No. 13 of 2016 Concerning Patents)
Authors: Kurnianingrum Trias Palupi
Published: December 2019

Patent as a branch of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) serves to protect inventions on the field of technology, one of them being medicine. The rise on the number of cases on the theft of genetic resources and traditional knowledge on the field of medicine for commercialization purposes shows that the protection of patent rights on traditional medicine knowledge is still not optimal. This article is the result of a normative juridical research which is supported by an empirical data, examines the protection of patent rights on traditional medicine knowledge and the implementation of Article 26 of Law No. 13 of 2016 on Patents (Patent Law year 2016). In the research results, it was mentioned that even though the TRIPs Agreement did not accommodate the traditional knowledge, the presence of Patent Law year 2016 complemented the Indonesian government's efforts to save the knowledge of traditional medicines from biopiracy and misappropriation. It is necessary to regulate the disclosure obligation in TRIPs agreement and further mechanism regarding benefit sharing and granting access to traditional medicines knowledge. AbstrakPaten merupakan salah satu cabang Hak Kekayaan Intelektual yang berfungsi untuk melindungi invensi di bidang teknologi, salah satunya obat-obatan. Maraknya kasus pencurian sumber daya genetik dan pengetahuan tradisional di bidang obat-obatan untuk tujuan komersialisasi menunjukkan bahwa pelindungan hak paten atas pengetahuan obat tradisional masih belum maksimal. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian yuridis normatif yang didukung dengan data empiris, membahas mengenai pelindungan hak paten atas pengetahuan obat tradisional dan implementasi Pasal 26 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2016 tentang Paten (UU Paten 2016). Di dalam hasil penelitian, disebutkan meskipun Perjanjian Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) belum mengakomodasi pengetahuan tradisional namun hadirnya UU Paten 2016 melengkapi usaha pemerintah Indonesia dalam menyelamatkan pengetahuan obat tradisional dari biopiracy dan misappropriation. Perlu pengaturan kewajiban disclosure di dalam Perjanjian TRIPs dan mekanisme lebih lanjut mengenai benefit sharing dan pemberian akses atas pengetahuan obat tradisional.
Augmented reality to facilitate students’ biology mastering concepts and digital literacy
Authors: Nurhasanah Zakia , Widodo Ari , Riandi R.
Published: December 2019

As one of abstract concepts, nervous system requires proper media which can represent the real condition. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of augmented reality (AR) on students’ mastering concept and digital literacy in biology. This quasi-experimental research was designed using non-equivalent control group design in which the instruments were test and questionnaire. The data were analyzed using independent samples t-test. The results indicated that AR gave significant positive effect on students’ mastering concept. However, as it has no the same effect to students’ digital literacy, the further observation to be done to ensure the undergirding reason behind the phenomena.
Time-delocalized quantum subsystems and operations: on the existence of processes with indefinite causal structure in quantum mechanics
Authors: Oreshkov Ognyan
Published: December 2019

It has been shown that it is theoretically possible for there to exist higher-order quantum processes in which the operations performed by separate parties cannot be ascribed a definite causal order. Some of these processes are believed to have a physical realization in standard quantum mechanics via coherent control of the times of the operations. A prominent example is the quantum SWITCH, which was recently demonstrated experimentally. However, the interpretation of such experiments as realizations of a process with indefinite causal structure as opposed to some form of simulation of such a process has remained controversial. Where exactly are the local operations of the parties in such an experiment? On what spaces do they act given that their times are indefinite? Can we probe them directly rather than assume what they ought to be based on heuristic considerations? How can we reconcile the claim that these operations really take place, each once as required, with the fact that the structure of the presumed process implies that they cannot be part of any acyclic circuit? Here, I offer a precise answer to these questions: the input and output systems of the operations in such a process are generally nontrivial subsystems of Hilbert spaces that are tensor products of Hilbert spaces associated with systems at different times---a fact that is directly experimentally verifiable. With respect to these time-delocalized subsystems, the structure of the process is one of a circuit with a causal cycle. This provides a rigorous sense in which processes with indefinite causal structure can be said to exist within the known quantum mechanics. I also identify a whole class of isometric processes, of which the quantum SWITCH is a special case, that admit a physical realization on time-delocalized subsystems. These results unveil a novel structure within quantum mechanics, which may have important implications for physics and information processing.