bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemiluminescence of Glycated Human Serum Albumin: Comparison with Synthetic Polymer
Authors: Zoulík Robert , Pavlíček Zdeněk , Tykva Richard , Šenfeld Antonín
Published: July 2002

The mechanism of protein glycation (nonenzymatic glycosylation) is complicated by existence of a variety of factors which affect both the kinetics and specificity of protein modification. In order to eliminate some of these factors, we have used a synthetic copolymer on the basis of polymethacrylic acid amide. Human serum albumin and the copolymer were incubated with glycolaldehyde for a period up to 168 h. The products of glycation were oxidized by atmospheric oxygen in the presence of horse-radish peroxidase leading to species in electronically excited states. The behaviour of human serum albumin and synthetic copolymer during glycation was compared on the basis of chemiluminescent data. In both cases, the chemiluminescence curves had biphasic character. On this experimental basis, a scheme was proposed for the glycation mechanism.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (Trimethylsilyl)acetylide-Bridged Dimeric Titanocene
Authors: Gyepes Róbert , Štěpnička Petr , Thewalt Ulf , Polášek Miroslav , Čejka Jiří , Horáček Michal , Mach Karel
Published: July 2002

Dimeric titanocene [(μ-η5:η5-C10H8){(μ-H)(η5-C5H5)Ti}2] (1) reacts with one equivalent of (trimethylsilyl)acetylene (TMSA) to give a mixture of diamagnetic (trimethylsilyl)acetylide-bridged compounds [(μ-η5:η5-C10H8)(μ-H)(μ-η1:η2-C≡CSiMe3){(η5-C5H5)Ti}2] (2) and [(μ-η5:η5-C10H8){(μ-η1:η2-C≡CSiMe3)(η5-C5H5)Ti}2] (3), and some oligomers of TMSA. Compound 2 crystallizes from hexane in the triclinic space group P1 (No. 2; a = 9.385(4) Å, b = 14.487(6) Å, c = 18.085(6) Å, α = 110.34(2)°, β = 101.56(2)°, γ = 96.65(3)°, V = 2 212(2) Å3, Z = 2). A highly soluble compound 3 could not be isolated from a mixture with oligomers of TMSA.
Mass Transfer Limited Wet Oxidation in Trickle-Bed Reactor
Authors: Tukač Vratislav , Vokál Jiří , Hanika Jiří
Published: July 2002

Catalytic activity of CuO-supported catalyst in phenol oxidation, and the influence of reaction conditions, viz. temperature (125-170 °C), oxygen partial pressure (1-7 MPa) and liquid feed (30-760 ml h-1), in the continuous operation using 17.9 mm i.d. trickle-bed reactor is presented. The hydrodynamic impact on the three-phase trickle-bed reactor performance in an environmental application of catalytic wet oxidation was also investigated. The results of trickle-bed operation were strongly influenced by wetting efficiency. An insufficient catalyst wetting can be to compensated by filling the catalyst bed voids by fine glass spheres. In the case of the gas transfer limited reaction, a better wetting of the catalyst can lead to worse reactor performance due to lower reaction rates.
Poly(amide-imide)s Containing Polybutadiene Blocks
Authors: Marek Miroslav , Hlavatá Drahomíra , Kovářová Jana , Sufčák Miloslav , Pytela Jindřich
Published: July 2002

Poly(amide-imide)s containing polybutadiene blocks were prepared by reaction of 4,4'-methylenedi(phenyl isocyanate) with trimellitic anhydride and α,ω-diisocyanatopolybutadiene. The polymers were characterized by spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction. Incorporation of 5 wt.% of polybutadiene structures into polyimide decreases the temperature of 10% weight loss in nitrogen by 90 °C. Glass transition temperature of the polymer also decreases with the increasing content of soft polybutadiene segments, but the decrease is moderate for the contents higher than 20 wt.%. Broad amorphous halo dominates wide-angle X-ray diffractograms of all the samples, but sharper peaks of a more ordered structure were observed in definite concentration range of polybutadiene blocks. The copolymers are soluble in N-methylpyrrolidone.
Uniformity and Ordering of Inner Walls of (Al)MCM-41
Authors: Dědeček Jiří , Žilková Naděžda , Čejka Jiří
Published: July 2002

The uniformity and ordering of the surface of (Al)MCM-41 channel walls was investigated employing bare Co(II) ions as probes. VIS spectra of Co(II) ions evidenced the presence of two types of uniform cationic sites in dehydrated Co-(Al)MCM-41 in a wide range of Si/Al/Co chemical composition (Si/Al = 11-76, Co/Al = 0.08-0.44). These cationic sites represent centers of two types of uniform domains, containing in minimum 18 surface T atoms, present on the surface of the channel walls of (Al)MCM-41. These domains represent majority of the inner surface of the (Al)MCM-41 molecular sieve.
Deacetylation of Eucalyptus globulus Acetosolv Pulps in Aqueous Media: A Kinetic Study
Authors: Vila Carlos , Dapía Sonia , Santos Valentín , Parajó Juan Carlos
Published: July 2002

Pulps obtained from Eucalyptus globulus wood in HCl-acetic acid-water (Acetosolv processing) were subjected to aqueous processing at a liquor-to-solid ratio of 8 kg/kg and 160-190 °C, in order to explore the suitability of this kind of treatment for pulp purification. Both deacetylation and hemicellulose removal were caused by the treatment, whereas cellulose was not significantly affected. The concentration profiles of reaction products (glucose, xylose and acetic acid) were determined, and the experimental data were modelled using pseudohomogeneous, first-order kinetics. The dependence of kinetic coefficients on temperature was established by means of Arrhenius-type equations.
Identification of HL60 Proteins Affected by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Based Photodynamic Therapy Using Mass Spectrometric Approach
Authors: Halada Petr , Man Petr , Grebeňová Dana , Hrkal Zbyněk , Havlíček Vladimír
Published: July 2002

A combination of mass spectrometric techniques was used for identification of HL60 leukemia cell proteins affected by 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT). We compared two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) protein maps of ALA-treated non-irradiated and irradiated cells and found extensive changes in the proteome of HL60 cells. The silver-stained 2-DE pattern of HL60 proteins contained more than 1 350 spots. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry and microcapillary liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry have identified twelve proteins differing in their intensity or position following ALA-PDT. Several endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial, ribosomal and cytoplasmic proteins were determined showing the impact of ALA-PDT-mediated cytotoxicity on some cellular pathways.
Performance of population specific job exposure matrices (JEMs): European collaborative analyses on occupational risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with job exposure matrices (ECOJEM)
Authors: Le Moual N , Bakke P , Orlowski E , Heederik D , Kromhout H , Kennedy S M , Rijcken B , Kauffmann F
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVES

To compare the performance of population specific job exposure matrices (JEMs) and self reported occupational exposure with data on exposure and lung function from three European general populations.

METHODS

Self reported occupational exposure (yes or no) and present occupation were recorded in the three general population surveys conducted in France, The Netherlands, and Norway. Analysis was performed on subjects, aged 25–64, who provided good forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) tracings and whose occupations were performed by at least two people, in the French (6217 men and 5571 women), the Dutch (men from urban (854) and rural (780) areas), and the Norwegian (395 men) surveys. Two population specific JEMs, based on the percentage of subjects who reported themselves exposed in each job, were constructed for each survey and each sex. The first matrix classified jobs into three categories of exposure according to the proportion of subjects who reported themselves exposed in each job (P10–50 JEM, low < 10%, moderate 10–49%, high ⩾ 50%). For the second matrix, a dichotomous variable was constructed to have the same statistical power as the self reported exposure—that is, the exposure prevalence (p) was the same with both exposure assessment methods (Pp JEM). Relations between occupational exposure, as estimated by the two JEMs and self reported exposure, and age, height, city, and smoking adjusted FEV1score were compared.

RESULTS

Significant associations between occupational exposure estimated by the population specific JEM and lung function were found in the French and the rural Dutch surveys, whereas no significant relation was found with self reported exposure. In populations with few subjects in most jobs, exposure cannot be estimated with sufficient precision by a population specific JEM, which may explain the lack of relation in the Norwegian and the Dutch (urban area) surveys.

CONCLUSION

The population specific JEM, which was easy to construct and cost little, seemed to perform better than crude self reported exposures, in populations with sufficient numbers of subjects per job.
Exposure-response relations for self reported asthma and rhinitis in bakers
Authors: Brisman Jonas , Järvholm Bengt , Lillienberg Linnéa
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVES

To explore relations between two estimates of exposure to inhalable flour dust, and the incidence rates (IRs) of asthma and rhinitis in bakers.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study among 2923 bakers. A posted questionnaire registered the disease and work history. For every year, each baker was assigned an estimate of the exposure concentration to inhalable flour dust derived from reported job-tasks and dust measurements. Exposure at onset of disease was expressed as current dust exposure concentration, and as cumulative dose of exposure to dust. A multiple Poisson regression analysis assessed the impacts of the exposure estimates on the IRs of asthma and rhinitis.

RESULTS

IRs of asthma and rhinitis increased by dust concentration at onset of disease. The IR of asthma for the bakers with highest exposure (dough makers) was 7.3/1000 person-years in men and 6.5 in women and for rhinitis 43.4 and 38.5, respectively. There was a significant association between the dust concentration at onset of disease and the risk for asthma or rhinitis, but not of the cumulative exposure.

CONCLUSION

The risk of asthma seemed to be increased at inhalable dust concentrations ⩾3 mg/m3(dough making or bread forming), whereas the risk of rhinitis was increased at all concentrations ⩾1 mg/m3, indicating an increased risk in all bakery job-tasks. The risks seemed to be less dependent on the cumulative exposure dust than the inhalable dust concentrations.
Relation between immune variables and burnout in a sample of physicians
Authors: Bargellini Annalisa , Barbieri Alberto , Rovesti Sergio , Vivoli Roberto , Roncaglia Roberto , Borella Paola
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate in a group of physicians the relation between burnout, demographic or job characteristics, anxiety, and immune variables.

METHODS

Seventy one physicians of all grades were recruited among different departments to a cross sectional survey. The Maslach burnout inventory, scales of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and personal accomplishment, the trait scale of anxiety inventory (STAI-Y2), and a questionnaire on personal and professional characteristics were administered. The immune profile included quantitative (number (%) of lymphocytes and subsets) and functional (natural killer cytotoxicity) measures.

RESULTS

With a model of stepwise multiple regression analysis, emotional exhaustion was significantly affected by both personal (marital, sex) and job characteristics (qualification, working activity), whereas only patient contact explained a portion of variation in depersonalisation. Furthermore, trait anxiety was found to predict the Maslach burnout inventory scores. After correction for potential confounders, physicians who scored high levels of personal accomplishment showed significantly higher numbers of total lymphocytes, T cells (CD3), T helper cells (CD4), and T suppressor cells (CD8) than those who scored low levels. No other correlation was found between burnout and immune variables.

CONCLUSIONS

In our group of relatively young physicians a high degree of personal accomplishment was associated with an increase in the number of peripheral lymphocytes, particularly T subsets. The meaning of this is not clear, although it could be speculated that to evaluate oneself positively, particularly with regard to work with patients in the health services, might help to stimulate the immune system. By contrast, there is no evidence that to work hard, to feel tired from work, and to have a cynical reaction towards patient care is related to immunosuppression.
Modern approaches to blood pressure measurement
Authors: Staessen Jan A , O'Brien Eoin T , Thijs Lutgarde , Fagard Robert H
Published: July 2002

BACKGROUND

Blood pressure (BP) is usually measured by conventional sphygmomanometry. Although apparently simple, this procedure is fraught with many potential sources of error. This review focuses on two alternative techniques of BP measurement: ambulatory monitoring and self measurement.

REVIEW

BP values obtained by ambulatory monitoring or self measurement are characterised by high reproducibility, are not subject to digit preference or observer bias, and minimise the transient rise of the blood pressure in response to the surroundings of the clinic or the presence of the observer, the so called white coat effect. For ambulatory monitoring, the upper limits of systolic/diastolic normotension in adults include 130/80 mm Hg for the 24 hour BP and 135/85 and 120/70 mm Hg for the daytime BP and night time BP, respectively. For the the self measured BP these thresholds include 135/85 mm Hg. Automated BP measurement is most useful to identify patients with white coat hypertension. Whether or not white coat hypertension predisposes to sustained hypertension remains debated. However, outcome is better correlated with the ambulatory BP than with the conventional BP. In patients with white coat hypertension, antihypertensive drugs lower the BP in the clinic, but not the ambulatory BP, and also do not improve prognosis. Ambulatory BP monitoring is also better than conventional BP measurement in assessing the effects of treatment. Ambulatory BP monitoring is necessary to diagnose nocturnal hypertension and is especially indicated in patients with borderline hypertension, elderly patients, pregnant women, patients with treatment resistant hypertension, and also in patients with symptoms suggestive of hypotension.

CONCLUSIONS

The newer techniques of BP measurement are now well established in clinical research, for diagnosis in clinical practice, and will increasingly make their appearance in occupational and environmental medicine.
Leukaemia mortality in relation to magnetic field exposure: findings from a study of United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers, 1973–97
Authors: Harrington J M , Nichols L , Sorahan T , van Tongeren M
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether risks of leukaemia are related to occupational exposure to magnetic fields.

METHODS

The mortality experienced by a cohort of 83 997 employees of the former Central Electricity Generating Board of England and Wales was investigated for the period 1973–97. All employees were employed for at least 6 months with some employment in the period 1973–82. Computerised work histories were available for 79 972 study subjects for the period 1971–93. Detailed calculations were performed by others to enable a novel assessment to be made of exposures to magnetic fields. Two analytical approaches were used, indirect standardisation (n=83 997) and Poisson regression (n=79 972).

RESULTS

Based on serial mortalities for England and Wales, the standardised mortality ratio of 84 for all leukaemias (observed 111, expected 132.3) was similar to that of 83 for all causes (observed 14 845, expected 17 918). No significant positive trends were found for the risks of various types of leukaemia (chronic lymphatic leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia, all leukaemia) either with lifetime cumulative exposure to magnetic fields or with such exposures received in the most recent 5 years.

CONCLUSIONS

There are no discernible excess risks of leukaemia as a consequence of occupational exposure to magnetic fields in United Kingdom electricity generation and transmission workers.
Report of occupational asthma due to phytase and β-glucanase: Table 1
Authors: O'Connor T M , Bourke J F , Jones M , Brennan N
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVES

Occupational asthma is the principal cause of respiratory disease in the workplace. The enzymes phytase and β-glucanase are used in the agricultural industry to optimise the nutritional value of animal feeds. A relation between these enzymes and occupational asthma in a 43 year old man was suspected.

METHODS

Inhalation challenge tests were performed with the enzymes phytase, β-glucanase, and amylase. Skin prick tests were performed with the enzymes diluted to a concentration of 1 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml. Specific IgE to phytase and β-glucanase were measured with a radioallergosorbent test.

RESULTS

Baseline spirometry values were normal. A histamine challenge test showed bronchial hyperreactivity. Exposure to phytase and β-glucanase led to significant reductions in forced vital capacity and forced expired volume in 1 second. No significant differences were noted after exposure to amylase. Skin tests showed a positive reaction to β-glucanase (5 mm) at a concentration of 1 mg/ml and positive reactions to β-glucanase (7 mm) and phytase (5 mm) at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. Similarly specific IgE was present against both phytase and β-glucanase, at 2.5% and 9.3% binding respectively (2% binding is considered positive).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first description of occupational asthma due to the enzymes phytase and β-glucanase. Their addition to the ever increasing list of substances associated with occupational asthma will have notable implications for those exposed to these enzymes.
Unreliability of cardiothoracic ratio as a marker of left ventricular impairment: comparison with radionuclide ventriculography and echocardiography
Authors: Clark Andrew L , Coats Andrew J S
Published: July 2002

Background

The size of the heart assessed by cardiothoracic ratio on chest radiography is often used as a screening test for the presence of heart failure and for assessing its severity.

Methods

We compared cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from radionuclide ventriculography, and left ventricular dimensions from echocardiography in a population of 91 patients (aged 60.4 (SD 9.6) years) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure.

Results

There was a weak relation between CTR and LVEF (R=0.33) and fractional shortening from echocardiography (R=0.22). LVEF and fractional shortening correlated more closely (R=0.55). No measure of left ventricular function correlated with exercise capacity as measured by peak oxygen consumption. For the group of patients with a normal fractional shortening (n=17), the left ventricle was dilated in all but two (mean end diastolic dimension 5.9 (0.7) cm). The two with normal dimensions had a low ejection fraction. For the 12 patients with a CTR in the normal range, the left ventricular end diastolic dimension was only slightly smaller than for the rest (6.2 (0.9)v 6.9 (1.2); p=0.045).

Conclusions

Chest radiography is not a reliable indicator of the degree of left ventricular dysfunction. Echocardiography and radionuclide ventriculography are more appropriate investigations for assessing cardiac function.
Development of biological nutrient removal technology in western Canada
Authors: Oldham W K , Rabinowitz B
Published: July 2002

Biological nutrient removal (BNR) technology for wastewater treatment was originally imported from South Africa in the early 1980s to protect the water quality of Okanagan Lake in central British Columbia from the effects of eutrophication. Since that time, more than 10 BNR plants have been built in western Canada, with capacities ranging from 2000 to 500 000 m3/d. As a result of the interaction among university researchers, plant designers, and plant operators, considerable progress has been made in refining the understanding of process and adapting the technology for cold climates. Consulting engineers from western Canada are now successfully competing in the international marketplace in the application of BNR technology in the U.S.A., the U.K., Europe, Asia, and Australia. Key words: wastewater treatment, western Canada, biological nutrient removal, nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal, cold climate, technology development.
Simplified media for spiroplasmas associated with tabanid flies
Authors: Moulder Rebekah W , French Frank E , Chang C J
Published: July 2002

Traditionally, isolation, maintenance, and testing of Spiroplasma species (Mollicutes: Entomoplasmatales) from horse flies (Tabanus spp.) and deer flies (Chrysops spp.) (Diptera: Tabanidae) have been accomplished in the complex M1D medium. A relatively inexpensive, simplified medium for tabanid spiroplasmas could expedite procedures that require large quantities of growth medium. Nine strains of spiroplasmas, eight from tabanids and one from mosquitoes, were cultured in three simplified broth media, R2, R8-1, and C-3G, and in M1D. There was no significant difference in the rate of spiroplasma growth in M1D and the three simplified media. R2medium supported the growth of tabanid spiroplasmas more consistently and with better morphology through 10 subcultures than did the other simplified media. Primary isolations were made in R2medium from tabanids collected (i) in Georgia, U.S.A., with 10 isolations from 10 flies and (ii) in coastal Costa Rica, with isolation rates of 70% (28/40) and 73% (27/37), respectively, for R2and M1D. Of the seven group VIII field isolates from Costa Rica, four were capable of sustained growth in R2, and three were triply cloned in this simplified medium. These results suggest that the simplified medium R2is suitable for many procedures with tabanid spiroplasmas.Key words: simplified media, Mollicutes, spiroplasma, tabanid, horse fly.
Modulation of noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction in isolated perfused mesenteric arterial beds from obese Zucker rats in the presence and absence of insulin
Authors: He Yi , MacLeod Kathleen M
Published: July 2002

The genetically obese Zucker rat (fa/fa) is an insulin-resistant animal model with early-onset severe hyperinsulinemia that eventually develops mild hypertension. Thus, it represents a model in which the effect of hyperinsulinemia  insulin resistance associated with hypertension on vascular reactivity can be examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins to reactivity to noradrenaline (NA) in the presence and absence of insulin in mesenteric arterial beds (MAB) from 25-week-old obese Zucker rats and their lean, gender-matched littermates. In the absence of insulin, bolus injection of NA (0.990 nmol) produced a dose-dependent increase in perfusion pressure in MAB from both lean and obese rats. Although there was no significant difference in NA pD2(log ED50) values, the maximum response of MAB from obese rats to NA was slightly but significantly reduced compared with that of MAB from lean rats. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 300 µM) enhanced and indomethacin (20 µM) inhibited pressor responses to NA in MAB from both obese and lean rats. Perfusion with insulin (200 mU/L, a level similar to that in obese rats in vivo) potentiated only the responses of the obese MAB to the two lowest doses of NA tested (0.9 and 3 nmol). In the presence of L-NMMA, insulin further potentiated the NA response in MAB from obese rats. Indomethacin, the prostaglandin H2/thromboxane A2receptor antagonist SQ 29548 (0.3 µM), and the nonselective endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor antagonist bosentan (3 µM) all abolished insulin potentiation of the NA response in obese MAB. These data suggest that concurrent release of NO and vasoconstrictor cyclooxygenase product(s) in MAB from both obese and lean Zucker rats normally regulates NA-induced vasoconstrictor responses. Furthermore, insulin increases the release of contracting cyclooxygenase product(s) and enhances reactivity to low doses of NA in MAB from obese rats. The effects of insulin may be partially mediated by ET-1 via ET receptors and are buffered to some extent by concomitant NO release. This altered action of insulin may play a role in hypertension in this hyperinsulinemic  insulin-resistant model.Key words: hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hypertensive Zucker obese rat, mesenteric arterial bed, noradrenaline.
APPROXIMATING THE MAXIMUM ISOMORPHIC AGREEMENT SUBTREE IS HARD
Authors: Bonizzoni Paola , Vedova Gianluca Della , Mauri Giancarlo
Published: July 2002

The Maximum Isomorphic Agreement Subtree [Formula: see text] problem is one of the simplest versions of the Maximum Interval Weight Agreement Subtree method [Formula: see text] which is used to compare phylogenies. More precisely [Formula: see text] allows to provide a subset of the species such that the exact distances between species in such subset are preserved among all evolutionary trees considered. In this paper, the approximation complexity of the MIT problem is investigated, showing that it cannot be approximated in polynomial time within factor log δn for any δ > 0 unless NP ⊆ DTIME(2polylog n) for instances containing three trees. Moreover, we show that such result can be strengthened whenever instances of the [Formula: see text] problem can contain an arbitrary number of trees, since [Formula: see text] shares the same approximation lower bound of [Formula: see text].
AUTOMATIC RESULT VERIFICATION BY COMPLETE RUN-TIME CHECKING OF COMPUTATIONS
Authors: LEDERER EDGAR F. A. , DUMITRESCU ROMEO A.
Published: July 2002

Two-Stage Programming (2SP) is an experimental programming language, the first implementation of the Specification-Consistent Coordination Model (SCCM). The SCCM proposes a new, mixed-paradigm (functional/imperative) approach to developing reliable programs based on complete run-time checking of computations with respect to a given specification. A 2SP program consists of a functional specification and an imperative coordination tightly connected to the specification. The coordination maps the specification to an imperative and possibly parallel/distributed program. Normal termination of a 2SP program execution implies the correctness of the computed results with respect to the specification, for that execution. We present the basic feautures of the SCCM/2SP, a new message-spassing system of 2SP with integrated run-time checking, and a larger case study. We show that 2SP provides: functional specifications, specification-consistent imperative coordinations, automatic run-time result verification and error detection, enhanced debugging support, and good efficiency.
EFFICIENT PARALLEL JOB SCHEDULING USING GANG SERVICE
Authors: DA SILVA FABRICIO ALVES BARBOSA , SCHERSON ISAAC D.
Published: July 2002

Gang scheduling has been widely used as a practical solution to the dynamic parallel job scheduling problem. To overcome some of the limitations of traditional Gang scheduling algorithms, Concurrent Gang is proposed as a class of scheduling policies which allows the flexible and simultaneous scheduling of multiple parallel jobs. It hence improves the space sharing characteristics of Gang scheduling while preserving all other advantages. To provide a sound analysis of Concurrent Gang performance, a novel methodology based on the traditional concept of competitive ratio is also introduced. Dubbed dynamic competitive ratio, the new method is used to compare dynamic bin packing algorithms used in this paper. These packing algorithms apply to the Concurrent Gang scheduling of a workload generated by a statistical model. Moreover, dynamic competitive ratio is the figure of merit used to evaluate and compare packing strategies for job scheduling under multiple constraints. It will be shown that for the unidimensional case there is a small difference between the performance of best fit and first fit; first fit can hence be used without significant system degradation. For the multidimensional case, when memory is also considered, we concluded that the packing algorithm must try to balance the resource utilization in all dimensions simulataneously, instead of given priority to only one dimension of the problem.
SPIN SYSTEMS WITH LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS
Authors: ZEGARLINSKI BOGUSLAW
Published: July 2002

We present some results, open problems and conjectures concerning spin systems with slowly decaying possibly random two-point interactions.
An Explicit Large Versus Small Field Multiscale Cluster Expansion
Authors: Abdesselam A. , Rivasseau V.
Published: July 2002

We introduce a new type of cluster expansion which generalizes a previous formula of Brydges and Kennedy. The method is especially suited for performing a phase-space multiscale expansion in a just renormalizable theory, and allows the writing of explicit non-perturbative formulas for the Schwinger functions. The procedure is quite model independent, but for simplicity we chose the infrared [Formula: see text] model as a testing ground. We used also a large field versus small field expansion. The polymer amplitudes, corresponding to graphs without almost local two and four point functions, are shown to satisfy the polymer bound.
An Alternative Approach to Algebro-Geometric Solutions of the AKNS Hierarchy
Authors: Gesztesy F. , Ratnaseelan R.
Published: July 2002

We develop an alternative systematic approach to the AKNS hierarchy based on elementary algebraic methods. In particular, we recursively construct Lax pairs for the entire AKNS hierarchy by introducing a fundamental polynomial formalism and establish the basic algebro-geometric setting including associated Burchnall–Chaundy curves, Baker–Akhiezer functions, trace formulas, Dubrovin-type equations for analogs of Dirichlet and Neumann divisors, and theta function representations for algebro-geometric solutions.
The Two-Point Function and the Effective Fugacity in Diluted Ising Models on the Cayley Tree
Authors: Barata J. C. A. , Marchetti D. H. U.
Published: July 2002

Some results on the two-point function and on the analytic structure of the momenta of the effective fugacity at the origin for a class of diluted ferromagnetic Ising models on the Cayley tree are presented.
Global Bifurcations of Periodic Solutions of Hénon–Heiles System Via Degree for S1-Equivariant Orthogonal Maps
Authors: Maciejewski Andrzej , Rybicki Sławomir
Published: July 2002

In this article we investigate global bifurcations of non-stationary periodic solutions of autonomous Hamiltonian systems. As the main tool we use the degree theory for S 1-equivariant orthogonal maps (see [24]–[26]). In order to illustrate our abstract results, we study global bifurcations of periodic solutions of the famous Hénon–Heiles Hamiltonian system.
STRONG ORBIT EQUIVALENCE OF LOCALLY COMPACT CANTOR MINIMAL SYSTEMS
Authors: DANILENKO ALEXANDRE I.
Published: July 2002

We study minimal self-homeomorphisms of zero dimensional metrizable locally compact non-compact Hausdorff spaces. For this class of systems, we show that the ordered cohomology group is a complete invariant for strong orbit equivalence, i.e. topological orbit equivalence with continuous orbit cocycles. This is an "infinite" counterpart of a well known result of Giordano, Putnam and Skau about compact Cantor systems.
SPECTRA OF PRINCIPAL GRAPHS
Authors: KODIYALAM VIJAY , SUNDER V. S.
Published: July 2002

We show that if the adjacency matrices of the two principal graphs of a finite index subfactor are regarded as (necessarily bounded, self-adjoint) operators on the ℓ2 spaces over their vertex sets, then their spectral measures, when restricted to the complement of {0}, are mutually absolutely continuous. In particular, for a finite-depth subfactor, the two matrices have the same sets of non-zero eigenvalues.
ON OUTER AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF FREE PRODUCT FACTORS
Authors: HEO JAESEONG
Published: July 2002

In this paper, we answer the Dixmier's question for type II 1-factors with property T in the negative, that is, if G is a discrete i.c.c group with property T of Kazhdan, L(G) is not isomorphic to [Formula: see text] for any factor [Formula: see text] of type II 1. To prove this, we study outer automorphism groups on a free product of two finite von Neumann algebras with respect to tracial states.
ON THE KÄHLERITY OF COMPLEX SPACES HAVING THE HARTOGS EXTENSION PROPERTY
Authors: THAI DO DUC , HAI LE MAU , MAI NGUYEN THI TUYET
Published: July 2002

The main aim of this article is to show that there exists a non-Kählerian complex manifold Z such that every separately holomorphic mapping [Formula: see text] is jointly holomorphic, but Z does not have (HEP). This is an affirmative answer to the conjecture posed in [4, Remark 5.1(2)].
MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF NUCLEATION IN THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL POTTS MODEL
Authors: RUTKEVICH S. B.
Published: July 2002

Nucleation in the two-dimensional q-state Potts model has been studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations using the heat-bath dynamics. The initial metastable state has been prepared by magnetic quench of the ordered low-temperature phase. The magnetic field dependence of the nucleation time has been measured as the function of the magnetic field for different q and lattice sizes at T = 0.5Tc. A size-dependent crossover from the coalescence to nucleation region is observed at all q. The magnetic field dependence of the nucleation time is roughly described by the classical nucleation theory. Our data show increase of the anisotropy in the shape of the critical droplets with increase of q.
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT OF PHOTONS IN DOUBLED q-FOCK SPACE
Authors: SONG HE-SHAN , MI DONG , ZHOU LING , LI CHONG
Published: July 2002

A doubled q-Fock space is constructed by introducing an idle mode system dual to the physical one under consideration. The quantum entanglements of photons in the squeezed states and thermal states based on the doubled q-Fock space are discussed.
PERTURBATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TWO-BODY PROBLEM IN (2 + 1)-AdS GRAVITY
Authors: VALTANCOLI P.
Published: July 2002

We derive a perturbative scheme to treat the interaction between point sources and AdS-gravity. The interacting problem is equivalent to the search of a polydromic mapping XA = XA (xμ), endowed with O(2,2) monodromies, between the physical coordinate system and a Minkowskian four-dimensional coordinate system, which is however constrained to live on a hypersurface. The physical motion of point sources is therefore mapped to a geodesic motion on this hypersurface. We impose an instantaneous gauge which induces a set of equations defining such a polydromic mapping. Their consistency leads naturally to the Einstein equations in the same gauge. We explore the restriction of the monodromy group to O(2,1), and we obtain the solution of the fields perturbatively in the cosmological constant.
A GEOMETRIC BASIS FOR THE STANDARD-MODEL GAUGE GROUP
Authors: TRAYLING GREG , BAYLIS W. E.
Published: July 2002

A geometric approach to the standard model in terms of the Clifford algebra Cℓ7 is advanced. The gauge symmetries and charge assignments of the fundamental fermions and the higgs boson arise uniquely from a geometric model involving only four extra space-like dimensions. A key feature of the model is its use of double-sided operations on the algebraic spinors. The four added dimensions form a natural basis for the Higgs isodoublet field.
Status of the Radio Ice Čerenkov Experiment (RICE)
Authors:   On behalf of the RICE Collaboration, SEUNARINE SURUJHDEO
Published: July 2002

Ultra-high energy (Eν>1015 eV) neutrinos interacting with Antarctic ice produce energetic electrons. The RICE project is designed to detect coherent radio emission from the electromagnetic cascades initiated by these electrons.. We describe the current status and the future plans of this radio effort
Status of the D0 Detector Upgrade for Run II
Authors:   On behalf of the D0 Collaboration., BÜSCHER VOLKER
Published: July 2002

The status of the D0 upgrade project is summarized, including a discussion of all subdetectors, the trigger system as well as plans for further upgrades in view of the Tevatron high luminosity phase Run IIb.
THE ZEUS MICROVERTEX DETECTOR
Authors:   For the ZEUS Microvertex Detector Group., Petrucci Maria Carmela
Published: July 2002

A new silicon microvertex detector (MVD) will be installed in the ZEUS experiment during the 2000 HERA luminosity upgrade. Such a high precision detector will improve the global tracking system and allow to identity events with secondary vertices originating from the decays of long-lived states. It will be placed in the proximity to the beam pipe to surround the interaction region. The barrel part is a 60 cm long cylinder consisting of three double layers of single-sided silicon detectors, the forward part is made of four double shaped layers, called wheels, extending 42 cm along the beam. A test beam has been setup in order to characterize the performance of the detector modules and readout electronics (i.e. track position resolution, signal to noise ratio, detection efficiency). The detector layout and some selected test beam results are presented.
LATEST RESULTS ON DIAMOND PIXEL DETECTORS
Authors:   Representing the CERN RD42 Collaboration., ZOELLER MICHAEL M.
Published: July 2002

We present results on the performance of diamond pixel detectors using the highest quality available Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) diamond. CVD diamond has been discussed extensively as an alternate sensor material for use very close to the interaction region of the LHC where extreme radiation conditions exist. Devices with the pixel patterns of both the ATLAS and CMS experiments have been tested with their respective electronics. The results presented include pulse height spectra, spatial resolution, and plans for future studies.
SCINTILLATION COUNTERS FOR THE CDF MUON UPGRADE
Authors:   For the CDF collaboration., PAULETTA G.
Published: July 2002

The possibility of triggering on muons at higher luminosities and smaller bounch spacings has been preserved in the central region and ectended to the forward (η < 1.5) by constructing new scintillation counters and refurbishing existing ones. The new counters are made of polystyrene - based scintillator produced by Monokristall under JINR supervision and employ a readout technique which is based on the use of wavelength-shifting fiber coupled to a miniature photomultilier tube produced by Hamamatsu. The tecnique, which was developed at Pisa and JINR, was optimized for long transmission lengths. This makes it particularly suitable for use with the long (3.2m) counters needed to complete coverage of the central region. The counters are also very compact. The use of a similar technique to refurbish aging PVT-based muon counters affords a striking demonstration of how this method may be used to solve problems related to long transmission lengths and(or) poor transmission properties of scintillation counters.
The D0 Level 2 Trigger
Authors:   For the Dø Level 2 Trigger Group., Linnemann James T.
Published: July 2002

The D0 Level 2 trigger (L2), a subsystem of the three-stage D0 trigger, reduces event rates from 10 KHz to 1 KHz. The system is organized as a global processor and preprocessors for the calorimeter, muon, tracker, and preshower subsystems. Preprocessors digest information from a single detector system and produce a list of the objects. The global processor receives the object lists, matches across detectors, and applies selection criteria to the objects. The system can buffer 16 events. The L2 design has been guided by extensive queuing simulations. The system is presently being commissioned, with all components available as either pre-production or production boards.
THE TESLA LINEAR COLLIDER
Authors:   For the TESLA Collaboration, DECKING WINFRIED
Published: July 2002

The international TESLA collaboration proposes a 500-800 GeV center-of-mass linear collider based on super-conducting 1.3 GHz cavities. This technology promises a luminosity of 3.4×1034 cm-2 s-1. Results from the cavity R&D program at the TESLA test facility and details of the collider design will be presented.
ANOMALY AND NONPLANAR DIAGRAMS IN NONCOMMUTATIVE GAUGE THEORIES
Authors: ARDALAN FARHAD , SADOOGHI NÉDA
Published: July 2002

Anomalies arising from nonplanar triangle diagrams of noncommutative gauge theory are studied. Local chiral gauge anomalies for both noncommutative U(1) and U(N) gauge theories with adjoint matter fields are shown to vanish. For noncommutative QED with fundamental matters, due to UV/IR mixing a finite anomaly emerges from the nonplanar contributions. It involves a generalized ⋆-product of gauge fields.
CREATION OF THE NONCONFORMAL SCALAR PARTICLES IN NONSTATIONARY METRIC
Authors: PAVLOV YU. V.
Published: July 2002

The nonconformal scalar field is considered in N-dimensional space-time with metric which includes, in particular, the cases of nonhomogeneous spaces and anisotropic spaces of Bianchi type-I. The modified Hamiltonian is constructed. Under the diagonalization of it the energy of quasiparticles is equal to the oscillator frequency of the wave equation. The density of particles created by nonstationary metric is investigated. It is shown that the densities of conformal and nonconformal particles created in Friedmann radiative-dominant universe coincide.
THE BOLTZMANN EQUATION IS A RENORMALIZATION GROUP EQUATION
Authors: PASHKO O. , OONO Y.
Published: July 2002

It is known that renormalization group (RG) approaches to partial differential equations give reduced equations, e.g., amplitude equations, as renormalization group equations. Therefore, equations governing slow or global behaviors ought to be derived RG-theoretically. Kinetic equations are slow motion equations from the microscopic dynamics point of view. We demonstrate that kinetic equations are RG equations as expected.
ELECTRONIC PHASE DIAGRAM OF La1.875Ba0.125-xSrXCuO4
Authors: FUJITA M. , GOKA H. , YAMADA K.
Published: July 2002

We performed systematic measurements of magnetic susceptibility on single crystals of La 1.875 Ba 0.125-x Sr x CuO 4. The dependence of the superconducting transition temperature on Sr-concentration demonstrates a step-like pattern upon doping at x~0.08 as the crystal structure changes from low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) to low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) phase at low temperature. Upon cooling, an anomalous upturn in the susceptibility was observed at the structural phase transition between the LTT-LTO phases under the magnetic field parallel to c-axis.
ANISOTROPY IN THE COMPRESSIBLE QUANTUM HALL STATE
Authors: MAEDA NOBUKI
Published: July 2002

Using a mean field theory on the von Neumann lattice, we study compressible anisotropic states around ν=l+1/2 in the quantum Hall system. The Hartree-Fock energy of the unidirectional charge density wave (UCDW) are calculated self-consistently. In these states the UCDW seems to be the most plausible state. We show that the UCDW is regarded as a collection of the one-dimensional lattice fermion systems which extend to the uniform direction. The kinetic energy of this one-dimensional system is induced from the Coulomb interaction term and the self-consistent Fermi surface is obtained.
INTERATOMIC FORCES, PHONONS, THE FOREMAN–LOMER THEOREM AND THE BLACKMAN SUM RULE
Authors: STEWART A. M.
Published: July 2002

Foreman and Lomer proposed in 1957 a method of estimating the harmonic forces between parallel planes of atoms of primitive cubic crystals by Fourier transforming the squared frequencies of phonons propagating along principal directions. A generalized form of this theorem is derived in this paper and it is shown that it is more appropriate to apply the method to certain combinations of the phonon dispersion relations rather than to individual dispersion relations themselves. Further, it is also shown how the method may be extended to the hexagonal close packed and diamond lattices. Explicit, exact and general relations in terms of atomic force constants are found for deviations from the Blackman sum rule which itself is shown to be derived from the generalized Foreman–Lomer theorem.
DYNAMICS OF CREMONA MAPS FROM PHYSICAL MODELS
Authors: SCHWALM W. , MORITZ B. , SCHWALM M.
Published: July 2002

A Cremona transformation X=f(x, y), Y=g(x, y) is a rational mapping (meaning that f and g are ratios of polynomials) with rational inverse x=F(X, Y), y=G(X, Y). Discrete dynamical systems defined by such transformations are well studied. They include symmetries of the Yang-Baxter equations and their generalizations. In this paper we comment on two types of dynamical systems based on Cremona transformations. The first is the P1 case of Bellon et al. which pertains to the inversion relation for the matrix of Boltzmann weights of the 4-state chiral Potts model. The resulting dynamical system decouples completely to one in a single variable. The sub case z=x corresponds to the symmetric Ashkin-Teller model. We solve this case explicitly giving orbits as closed formulas in the number n of iterations. The second type of system treated is an extension from the famous example due to McMillan of invariant curves of area preserving maps in two dimensions to the case of invariant curves and surfaces of three dimensional Cremona maps that preserve volume. The trace map of the renormalization of transmission through a Fibonacci chain, first introduced by Kohmoto, Kadanoff and Tang, is considered as an example of such a system.
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF BIEXCITON IN ZnO EPITAXIAL THIN FILMS
Authors: MIYAJIMA KENSUKE , YAMAMOTO AISHI , GOTO TAKENARI , KO HANG JU , YAO TAKAFUMI
Published: July 2002

We have measured excitation dependence of photoluminescence (PL) spectra, excitation spectra of PL (PLE) and temporal dependence of the PL intensity in ZnO epitaxial thin films. The ZnO films were grown on a sapphire substrate with a GaN buffer layer to reduce a lattice mismatch. We succeeded in observing a PL due to biexciton for the first time in ZnO epitaxial thin films.
PHONON BROADENING OF EMISSION SPECTRA FOR STE AND AUGER-FREE LUMINESCENCE
Authors: MAKHOV V. N. , KOLOBANOV V. N. , KIRM M. , VIELHAUER S. , ZIMMERER G.
Published: July 2002

The temperature dependencies of the bandwidths for self-trapped exciton emission spectra in several alkali halide crystals with high temperature of thermal quenching for self-trapped exciton emission (NaBr, KI, CsI) have been studied and compared with a typical temperature behavior of Auger-free luminescence spectra. It was shown that different phonon modes are responsible for broadening of emission band for different types of self-trapped excitons as well as for different bands in the spectrum of Auger-free luminescence. The features found indicate that the lattice structure of emitting state for Auger-free luminescence has most probably the on-center character.
EFFECT OF HELIUM GAS ON THE DEPOSITION OF DIAMOND LIKE CARBON THIN FILMS BY PULSED LASER ABLATION
Authors: Rusop M. , Mominuzzaman S. M. , Soga T. , Jimbo T. , Umeno M.
Published: July 2002

We have studied the effects of ambient Helium gas pressure on the optical, structural and physical properties of the diamond like carbon thin films using a camphoric carbon (CC) soot target, deposited by pulsed laser ablation. Both the optical gap and electrical resistivity are found to increase with 2.6 Torr leads to a decre ase in optical gap and electrical resistivity. The films are further investigated by different spectroscopic techniques such as, Raman, XPS and FTIR spectroscopy, and surface morphological techniques like SEM and AFM. Improvement of the opto-electrical and structural properties of the diamondlike carbonaceous films deposited in helium environment using CC soot target reveal different behaviour than reported earlier.
AN ALGEBRAIC APPROACH TO THE EIGENSTATES OF THE CALOGERO MODEL
Authors: UJINO HIDEAKI
Published: July 2002

An algebraic treatment of the eigenstates of the (AN - 1-)Calogero model is presented, which provides an algebraic construction of the nonsymmetric orthogonal eigenvectors, symmetrization, antisymmetrization and calculation of square norms in a unified way.