bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of simultaneous laparoscopic, hybrid, and open resection in colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Lim Han-Ki , Kim Minjung , Park Ji Won , Ryoo Seung-Bum , Park Kyu Joo , Yi Nam-Joon , Lee Kwang-Woong , Suh Kyung-Suk , Oh Heung-Kwon , Kim Duck-Woo , Kang Sung-Bum , Cho Jai Young , Lee Dong-Woon , Park Sung Chan , Oh Jae Hwan , Shin Aesun , Jeong Seung-Yong
Published: May 2022

We aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of simultaneous laparoscopic, hybrid, and open resection for colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 647 patients with simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and liver metastases between January 2006 and December 2018 at three tertiary referral hospitals. Patient’s baseline characteristics, perioperative outcomes, pathological examination results, liver-specific recurrence rate and survivals were compared between the propensity score-matched groups. Forty-two and 81 patients were selected for the laparoscopic vs. hybrid groups, and 48 and 136 patients for laparoscopic vs. open groups, respectively. The laparoscopic group had fewer wound complications (2.1 vs. 13.2%; p = 0.028) than the open group, and a shorter postoperative hospital stay than the hybrid and open groups (8 vs. 11 days, p < 0.001 for both). The 5-year liver-specific recurrence rates were 38.7% and 46.0% in the laparoscopic and hybrid groups, respectively (p = 0.270), and 34.0% and 37.0% in the laparoscopic and open groups, respectively (p = 0.391). Simultaneous laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer and liver metastases can be performed safely with significantly enhanced postoperative recovery and comparable long-term outcomes compared to hybrid and open resection.
An exposome-wide association study on body mass index in adolescents using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 and 2013–2014 data
Authors: Haddad Nadine , Andrianou Xanthi , Parrish Christa , Oikonomou Stavros , Makris Konstantinos C.
Published: May 2022

Excess weight is a public health challenge affecting millions worldwide, including younger age groups. The human exposome concept presents a novel opportunity to comprehensively characterize all non-genetic disease determinants at susceptible time windows. This study aimed to describe the association between multiple lifestyle and clinical exposures and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents using the exposome framework. We conducted an exposome-wide association (ExWAS) study using U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 wave for discovery of associations between study population characteristics and zBMI, and used the 2013–2014 wave to replicate analysis. We included non-diabetic and non-pregnant adolescents aged 12–18 years. We performed univariable and multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, household smoking, and income to poverty ratio, and corrected for false-discovery rate (FDR). A total of 1899 and 1224 participants were eligible from 2003–2004 and 2013–2014 survey waves. Weighted proportions of overweight were 18.4% and 18.5% whereas those for obese were 18.1% and 20.6% in 2003–2004 and 2013–2014, respectively. Retained exposure agents included 75 laboratory (clinical and biomarkers of environmental chemical exposures) and 64 lifestyle (63 dietary and 1 physical activity) variables. After FDR correction, univariable regression identified 27 and 12 predictors in discovery and replication datasets, respectively, while multivariable regression identified 22 and 9 predictors in discovery and replication datasets, respectively. Six were significant in both datasets: alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, segmented neutrophils number, triglycerides; uric acid and white blood cell count. In this ExWAS study using NHANES data, we described associations between zBMI, nutritional, clinical and environmental factors in adolescents. Future studies are warranted to investigate the role of the identified predictors as early-stage biomarkers of increased BMI and associated pathologies among adolescents and to replicate findings to other populations.
Heat transfer analysis of Cu and Al2O3 dispersed in ethylene glycol as a base fluid over a stretchable permeable sheet of MHD thin-film flow
Authors: Zeeshan  , Khan Ilyas , Weera Wajaree , Mohamed Abdullah
Published: May 2022

The process of thin films is commonly utilized to improve the surface characteristics of materials. A thin film helps to improve the absorption, depreciation, flexibility, lighting, transport, and electromagnetic efficiency of a bulk material medium. Thin-film treatment can be especially helpful in nanotechnology. As a result, the current study investigates the computational process of heat relocation analysis in a thin-film MHD flow embedded in hybrid nanoparticles, which combines the spherical copper and alumina dispersed in ethylene glycol as the conventional heat transfer Newtonian fluid model over a stretching sheet. Important elements such as thermophoresis and Brownian movement are used to explain the characteristics of heat and mass transfer analysis. Nonlinear higher differential equations (ODEs) were attained by transforming partial differential equations (PDEs) into governing equations when implementing the similarity transformation technique. The resulting nonlinear ODEs have been utilized by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The natures of the thin-film flow and heat transfer through the various values of the pertinent parameters: unsteadiness, nanoparticle volume fraction, thin-film thickness, magnetic interaction, and intensity suction/injection are deliberated. The approximate consequences for flow rate and temperature distributions and physical quantities in terms of local skin friction and Nusselt number were obtained and analyzed via graphs and tables. As a consequence, the suction has a more prodigious effect on the hybrid nanofluid than on the injection fluid for all the investigated parameters. It is worth acknowledging that the existence of the nanoparticles and MHD in the viscous hybrid nanofluid tends to enhance the temperature profile but decays the particle movement in the thin-film flow. It is perceived that the velocity and temperature fields decline with increasing unsteadiness, thin-film thickness, and suction/injection parameters. The novel part of the present work is to investigate the hybrid nanofluid including Cu–Al2O3 dispersed in Ethylene glycol as a base fluid in the presence of a magnetic field, which has not been investigated yet. So, in limiting cases the present work is validated with published work and found in excellent agreement as shown in Table 3.
Radiomics utilization to differentiate nonfunctional adenoma in essential hypertension and functional adenoma in primary aldosteronism
Authors: Chen Po-Ting , Chang Dawei , Liu Kao-Lang , Liao Wei-Chih , Wang Weichung , Chang Chin-Chen , Wu Vin-Cent , Lin Yen-Hung
Published: May 2022

We performed the present study to investigate the role of computed tomography (CT) radiomics in differentiating nonfunctional adenoma and aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and outcome prediction in patients with clinically suspected primary aldosteronism (PA). This study included 60 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension (EH) with nonfunctional adenoma on CT and 91 patients with unilateral surgically proven APA. Each whole nodule on unenhanced and venous phase CT images was segmented manually and randomly split into training and test sets at a ratio of 8:2. Radiomic models for nodule discrimination and outcome prediction of APA after adrenalectomy were established separately using the training set by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, and the performance was evaluated on test sets. The model can differentiate adrenal nodules in EH and PA with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 83.3%, 78.9% and 80.6% (AUC = 0.91 [0.72, 0.97]) in unenhanced CT and 81.2%, 100% and 87.5% (AUC = 0.98 [0.77, 1.00]) in venous phase CT, respectively. In the outcome after adrenalectomy, the models showed a favorable ability to predict biochemical success (Unenhanced/venous CT: AUC = 0.67 [0.52, 0.79]/0.62 [0.46, 0.76]) and clinical success (Unenhanced/venous CT: AUC = 0.59 [0.47, 0.70]/0.64 [0.51, 0.74]). The results showed that CT-based radiomic models hold promise to discriminate APA and nonfunctional adenoma when an adrenal incidentaloma was detected on CT images of hypertensive patients in clinical practice, while the role of radiomic analysis in outcome prediction after adrenalectomy needs further investigation.
Predicting the quality of soybean seeds stored in different environments and packaging using machine learning
Authors: da Silva André Geovane , Coradi Paulo Carteri , Teodoro Larissa Pereira Ribeiro , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo
Published: May 2022

The monitoring and evaluating the physical and physiological quality of seeds throughout storage requires technical and financial resources and is subject to sampling and laboratory errors. Therefore, machine learning (ML) techniques could help optimize the processes and obtain accurate results for decision-making in the seed storage process. This study aimed to analyze the performance of ML algorithms from variables monitored during seed conditioning (temperature and packaging) and storage time to predict the physical and physiological quality of stored soybean seeds. Data analysis was performed using the Artificial Neural Networks, decision tree algorithms REPTree and M5P, Random Forest, and Linear Regression. In predicting seed quality, the combination of the input variables temperature and storage time for REPTree and Random Forest algorithms outperformed the linear regression, providing higher accuracy indices. Among the most important results, it was observed for apparent specific mass that T + P + ST, T + ST, P + ST, and ST had the highest r means and the lowest MAE means, however, Person's r coefficient for these inputs was 0.63 and the MAE between 9.59 to 10.47. The germination results for inputs T + P + ST and T + ST had the best results (r = 0.65 and r = 0.67, respectively) in the ANN, REPTree, M5P and RF models. Using computational intelligence algorithms is an excellent alternative to predict the quality of soybean seeds from the information of easy-to-measure variables.
Fabrication of benzoyl chloride treated tiger-nut fiber reinforced insect repellent hybrid composite
Authors: Babayo Hajara , Musa Haruna , Garba Mustapha D.
Published: May 2022

An insect repellent composite containing tiger nut particulate fibre, waste low density polyethene (LDPE) and castor oil alkyd resin was fabricated. Canarium schweinfurthii gum was used as insect repellent compound and maleic anhydride as compatibilizer. The tiger nut chaff was subjected to benzoylation using benzoyl chloride to increase the fibre-matrix interaction. The compound and composition was then moulded with LDPE as dual matrices for excellent physico-mechanical properties (pressed for 5 min, 130 °C and 25 bar and cured). The 10 wt.% treated composite exhibited a minimum water absorption of ~ 0.085%, optimal chemical resistance for both acids (HCl and H2SO4) and bases (NaOH and KOH) and no effect on thickness. Density measurement showed the lowest value of ~ 0.0096 g/cm3 for the treated fibre composite. However, the tensile strength, flexural stress, hardness and impact load were improved up to 35.08 Mpa, 456.3 Mpa, 95 and 730 J/m respectively with treated composites. Insect repellent tests against termites and cockroaches show repellent activity with time intervals. FTIR and SEM analysis showed fibre modification achieved.
Compound specific stable carbon isotope analysis of aromatic organic contaminants in water using gas chromatography coupled to mid-infrared laser spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Jiyun , Shi Zhe , Zhu Di , Wang Qiang , Zhang Gan , Jin Biao
Published: May 2022

A mid-infrared laser based analytical approach is newly developed in this study for gas chromatography (GC) separation and carbon compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of aromatic organic pollutants in water.
Separation of intact proteins by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Meyer Sarah , Clases David , Gonzalez de Vega Raquel , Padula Matthew P. , Doble Philip A.
Published: May 2022

This work presents novel methods of intact protein analysis using surfactant coated neutral dimethyl polysiloxane capillaries for rapid and targeted selection of appropriate background electrolytesviaconsideration of protein isoelectric points.
An indirect method for the analysis of bisphenol A, as a Mn(iii)–chelate complex, in milk samples by ultrasound assisted-cloud point extraction/flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Kartal Temel Nuket , Gürkan Ramazan
Published: May 2022

A new indirect method was developed for the selective determination of bisphenol A. The reproducibility was improved using polyvinyl alcohol. A detection limit of 0.23 μg L−1 was obtained in a linear range of 0.8–130 μg L−1.
A Pax-5a gene analysis approach enabled by selective digestion with lambda exonuclease
Authors: Xu LianLian , Zhao Weihua , Pu Jiamei , Wang Suqin , Liu Shiwen , Li Hongbo , Yu Ruqin
Published: May 2022

Owing to the rapid increase in acute leukemia patients, the detection of Pax-5a, which is a tumor marker, is very important for the early diagnosis of patients.
Enabling high-performance all-solid-state hybrid-ion batteries with a PEO-based electrolyte
Authors: Yu Meng-Xuan , Gu Zhen-Yi , Guo Jin-Zhi , Wang Chun-Gang , Wu Xing-Long
Published: May 2022

For the first time, we have devised an all-solid-state hybrid Li/Na-ion battery, which offers a new and profound way to develop high-safety and low-cost hybrid batteries.
Chromium-catalyzed couplings of C(aryl)–SMe bonds for accessing arylated and alkylated benzaldehyde derivatives
Authors: Zeng Haohao , Yang Shangru , Li Chao , Fan Fei , Ling Liang , Luo Meiming , Zeng Xiaoming
Published: May 2022

The catalytic cleavage of C(aryl)–SMe bonds using chromium was reported, achieving coupling with organomagnesium to form C–C bonds under mild conditions.
Photochemistry in a capsule: controlling excited state dynamicsviaconfinement
Authors: Ramamurthy Vaidhyanathan
Published: May 2022

The free space within an organic capsule following the occupation by the guest can be exploited to control the dynamics of molecules on excited state surfaces. The extent and shape decide the observed selectivity.
The rhombic honeycomb – a new mode of self-assembly in liquid crystalline soft matter
Authors: Saeed Azhar , Poppe Marco , Wagner Matthias B. , Hauche Sebastian , Anders Christian , Cao Yu , Zhang Lei , Tschierske Carsten , Liu Feng
Published: May 2022

Self-assembly of rod-like molecules with sticky ends (blue) and lateral chains (red) depending on chain volume and strength of core-chain segregation, forms honeycombs with triangular (p6mm), rectangular (c2mm), and square (p4mm) cells.
A persistent radical anion derived from a propeller-shaped perylene bisimide-carbazole pentad
Authors: Wang Zhaolong , Gou Xinyu , Wang Gang , Chang Xingmao , Liu Ke , Liu Taihong , He Gang , Fang Yu
Published: May 2022

The synergy between charge-sharing and structural-shielding endows the radical anion of a specially designed perylene bisimide derivative with surprisingly high stability.
A high areal capacity sodium-ion battery anode enabled by a free-standing red phosphorus@N-doped graphene/CNTs aerogel
Authors: Sun Yi , Wu Qiujie , Zhang Kuanxin , Liu Yongchao , Liang Xin , Xiang Hongfa
Published: May 2022

Illustration of the structure of the free-standing P@NGCA electrode and its sodium storage performance.
Redox- and metal-directed structural diversification in designed metalloprotein assemblies
Authors: Kakkis Albert , Golub Eyal , Choi Tae Su , Tezcan F. Akif
Published: May 2022

Herein we describe a designed protein building block whose self-assembly behaviour is dually gated by the redox state of disulphide bonds and the identity of exogenous metal ions.
A doxorubicin–peptide–gold nanoparticle conjugate as a functionalized drug delivery system: exploring the limits
Authors: Exner Kai S. , Ivanova Anela
Published: May 2022

We model by classical MD and DFT a drug delivery system component for the cytostatic doxorubicin. The prototype DDS is a gold nanoparticle, surface-grafted with a drug-binding peptide and guidelines are provided for enhancing its delivery efficiency.
Single-photoelectron collection efficiency in 4D ultrafast electron microscopy
Authors: Curtis Wyatt A. , Willis Simon A. , Flannigan David J.
Published: May 2022

With particle tracing simulations, 4D ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) beam current is found to strongly depend upon basic laser properties and simple electron-gun elements, including laser spot size, photon energy, and Wehnelt aperture diameter.
Quantum molecular simulations of micro-hydrated halogen anions
Authors: Rodríguez-Segundo Raúl , Gijón Alfonso , Prosmiti Rita
Published: May 2022

Single-ion solvation energetics of halide–water clusters from quantum simulations.
Investigation on the photoinduced chemical reaction between p-benzoquinone and tryptophan in homogeneous solution
Authors: Yang Cheng , Yang Jiangxue , Gong Xianling , Wei Yaxiong , Xu Xinsheng
Published: May 2022

The reaction mechanisms of p-benzoquinone (PBQ) and tryptophan (Trp) were investigated and clarified, and the quenching rate constant was determined as 6.8 × 108 M−1 s−1, which close to the diffusion-controlled rate.
Generation of singlet oxygen catalyzed by the room-temperature-stable anthraquinone anion radical
Authors: Duan Xiaowei , Zhou Zhongjun , Huang Xuri , Qu Zexing
Published: May 2022

The anthraquinone anion radical catalyzes triplet oxygen to generate open-shell singlet oxygen at room temperature without light.
Mechanically interlocked molecules in metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Saura-Sanmartin Adrian , Pastor Aurelia , Martinez-Cuezva Alberto , Cutillas-Font Guillermo , Alajarin Mateo , Berna Jose
Published: May 2022

MIM-based MOFs have a promising future in the preparation of smart materials. The vast number of structural possibilities which offer their design are disclosed in this review.
Development of a multistep, electrochemical flow platform for automated catalyst screening
Authors: Schotten Christiane , Manson Jamie , Chamberlain Thomas W. , Bourne Richard A. , Nguyen Bao N. , Kapur Nik , Willans Charlotte E.
Published: May 2022

An integrated flow platform enables the electrochemical synthesis of base-metal catalysts with high-throughput screening and rapid data generation.
A metal–organic framework with rich accessible nitrogen sites for rapid dye adsorption and highly efficient dehydrogenation of formic acid
Authors: Ding Run-Dong , Li Dan-Dan , Leng Feng , Yu Jie-Hui , Jia Ming-Jun , Xu Ji-Qing
Published: May 2022

The schematic representation of the application of 1′ in dye adsorption and formic dehydrogenation is presented.
Enzymatic amide bond formation: synthesis of aminooxo-acids through a Mycobacterium smegmatis acyltransferase
Authors: Christodoulou Michael S. , Contente Martina Letizia , Dallavalle Sabrina , Pinto Andrea
Published: May 2022

Starting from anilines and anhydrides a range of aminooxo-acids were prepared with excellent yields and reaction times using an acyltransferase from M. smegmatis (MsAcT) in water. Applying this process a key intermediate of SAHA was synthesized.
Sustainable synthesis of bio-based PTMEG and methane beyond the Reppe method
Authors: Zhu Yue , Li Bolong , Fang Yuan , Zhao Chen
Published: May 2022

An economically feasible green route for the synthesis of poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMEG) and methane from furfural (FA).
Electrochemical triamination of alkynes: controllable synthesis of functionalized indolines and indoles
Authors: Meng Xiangtai , Xu Hehua , Liu Rui , Zheng Yu , Huang Shenlin
Published: May 2022

The electrochemical triamination of alkynes has been developed, affording a variety of 2,3-diimino indolines and 2,3-diamino indoles.
Catalyst-free and oxidant-free tandem aza-Mannich/cyclization/aromatization of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines with enamides: facile synthesis of 5,6-dihydropyrazolo[5,1-a]isoquinolines
Authors: Dong Hao , Zhang Yongxing , Tian Xiaochen , Pang Ruochen , Ren Weiwu , Wang Yang
Published: May 2022

A novel and efficient catalyst-free and oxidant-free tandem aza-Mannich/cyclization/aromatization reaction of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines with enamides has been developed for the synthesis of 5,6-dihydropyrazolo[5,1-a]isoquinolines.
Nanoparticulates reduce tumor cell migration through affinity interactions with extracellular migrasomes and retraction fibers
Authors: Cheng Yuxi , Ren Junji , Fan Shumin , Wu Peiyao , Cong Wenshu , Lin Yuxing , Lan Shaojie , Song Siyang , Shao Bin , Dai Wenbing , Wang Xueqing , Zhang Hua , Xu Bo , Li Wenzhe , Yuan Xia , He Bing , Zhang Qiang
Published: May 2022

NPs bind to retraction fibers and migrasomes during tumor cell migration. Such Nano–ECM interactions could alter cell morphology, limit cell motion range, change cell adhesion and inhibit tumor cell metastasisin vitroandin vivo.
Highly electrochemically and thermally stable donor–π–acceptor triphenylamine-based hole-transporting homopolymersviaoxidative polymerization
Authors: Luponosov Yuriy N. , Solodukhin Alexander N. , Chuyko Irina A. , Peregudova Svetlana M. , Ponomarenko Sergey A.
Published: May 2022

Polymers combining high electrochemical and thermal stability, good solubility, highTgand high coke residue with low-lying HOMO levels and reasonable hole mobilities in thin films are reported in this study.
Interstitially O-doped CdxZn1−xS solid solution derived from chalcogenide molecular clusters for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Weijie , Wang Xiang , Wang Zhiqiang , Sun Peipei , Tang Jiaqi , Li Juan , Li Dong-Sheng , Wu Tao
Published: May 2022

An Oi-doped CdxZn1−xS solid solution with rich VS can trap holes and electrons for carrier separation to enhance photocatalytic activity.
The photocatalytic selective 1,2-hydroxyacylmethylation of 1,3-dienes with sulfur ylides as the source of alkyl radicals
Authors: Xu Shuang-Hua , Yan Dong-Mei , Rao Li , Jiang Min , Wu Ya-Li , Xiao Wen-Jing , Chen Jia-Rong
Published: May 2022

Highly selective 1,2-hydroxyacylmethylation between 1,3-dienes, sulfur ylides, and water involving photoredox catalysis is described.
Finding the bulk periodicity of lamellar and cylindrical structures using the pressure tensor
Authors: Feng Yuan , Li Baohui , Wang Qiang
Published: May 2022

Bulk periodicity of lamellar and cylindrical structures can be found with the pressure tensor P regardless of their orientation n in cuboid simulation boxes. Variation of P with n is explained by coordinate system rotation with the rotation matrix R.
Cyclodextrin-catalyzed self-assembly of a coordinating fluorescent molecule into microflowers
Authors: Gu Ting , Huang Jianbin , Yan Yun
Published: May 2022

Acting as a catassembler, γ-cyclodextrin catalyzes the coordinating self-assembly of pyrenebutyrate and Zn2+ to form fluorescent microflowers.
Heterogeneous Ni-MOF/V2CTx–MXene hierarchically-porous nanorods for robust and high energy density hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Xifeng , Tian Yuhui , Li Shuang , Wu Ya-Pan , Zhang Qichun , Li Dong-Sheng , Zhang Shanqing
Published: May 2022

Morphology and interfacial engineering of heterogeneous MOF/MXene hierarchically-porous nanorods on Ni foam deliver exceptional robust stability and energy density in hybrid supercapacitor application.
Interfacial effects in an inorganic/organic composite based on Bi2Te3inducing decoupled transport properties and enhanced thermoelectric performance
Authors: Kim Cham , Cho Jaehun , Kim Taewook , Lopez David Humberto
Published: May 2022

Conducting polymer fillers are added to a Bi2Te3matrix to develop an inorganic/organic composite including the interface, where an energy filtering effect occurs along with phonon scattering, resulting in greatly enhanced thermoelectric performance.
RNA-binding proteins and their role in translational regulation in plants
Authors: Duarte-Conde José Antonio , Sans-Coll Gemma , Merchante Catharina
Published: May 2022

Translation is a fundamental process for life that needs to be finely adapted to the energetical, developmental and environmental conditions; however, the molecular mechanisms behind such adaptation are not yet fully understood. By directly recognizing and binding to cis-elements present in their target mRNAs, RBPs govern all post-transcriptional regulatory processes. They orchestrate the balance between mRNA stability, storage, decay, and translation of their client mRNAs, playing a crucial role in the modulation of gene expression. In the last years exciting discoveries have been made regarding the roles of RBPs in fine-tuning translation. In this review, we focus on how these RBPs recognize their targets and modulate their translation, highlighting the complex and diverse molecular mechanisms implicated. Since the repertoire of RBPs keeps growing, future research promises to uncover new fascinating means of translational modulation, and thus, of gene expression.
Evolution of resistance (R) gene specificity
Authors: Märkle Hanna , Saur Isabel M.L. , Stam Remco
Published: May 2022

Plant resistance (R) genes are members of large gene families with significant within and between species variation. It has been hypothesised that a variety of processes have shaped R gene evolution and the evolution of R gene specificity. In this review, we illustrate the main mechanisms that generate R gene diversity and provide examples of how they can change R gene specificity. Next, we explain which evolutionary mechanisms are at play and how they determine the fate of new R gene alleles and R genes. Finally, we place this in a larger context by comparing the diversity and evolution of R gene specificity within and between species scales.
Plant immunity by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)
Authors: De Lorenzo Giulia , Cervone Felice
Published: May 2022

Recognition by plant receptors of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and pathogenicity effectors activates immunity. However, before evolving the capacity of perceiving and responding to MAMPs and pathogenicity factors, plants, like animals, must have faced the necessity to protect and repair the mechanical wounds used by pathogens as an easy passage into their tissue. Consequently, plants evolved the capacity to react to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) with responses capable of functioning also in the absence of pathogens. DAMPs include not only primarily cell wall (CW) fragments but also extracellular peptides, nucleotides and amino acids that activate both local and long-distance systemic responses and, in some cases, prime the subsequent responses to MAMPs. It is conceivable that DAMPs and MAMPs act in synergy to activate a stronger plant immunity and that MAMPs exploit the mechanisms and transduction pathways traced by DAMPs. The interest for the biology and mechanism of action of DAMPs, either in the plant or animal kingdom, is expected to substantially increase in the next future. This review focuses on the most recent advances in DAMPs biology, particularly in the field of CW-derived DAMPs.
Coordinative regulation of ERAD and selective autophagy in plants
Authors: Chen Qian , Wu Yaorong , Yu Feifei , Xie Qi
Published: May 2022

Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) plays important roles in plant development, hormone signaling, and plant-environment stress interactions by promoting the clearance of certain proteins or soluble misfolded proteins through the ubiquitin–proteasome system. Selective autophagy is involved in the autophagic degradation of protein aggregates mediated by specific selective autophagy receptors. These two major degradation routes co-operate with each other to relieve the cytotoxicity caused by ER stress. In this review, we analyze ERAD and different types of autophagy, including nonselective macroautophagy and ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent selective autophagy in plants, and specifically summarize the selective autophagy receptors characterized in plants. In addition to being a part of selective autophagy, ERAD components also serve as their cargos. Moreover, an ubiquitinated substrate can be delivered to two distinguishable degradation systems, while the underlying determinants remain elusive. These excellent findings suggest an interdependent but complicated relationship between ERAD and selective autophagy. According to this point, we propose several key issues that need to be addressed in the future.
Completing a Voice-Specialized Clinical Fellowship
Authors: Morton Mariah E.
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this short essay was to provide a perspective as an early career speech-language pathologist, who recently completed a voice- and upper airway–specific Clinical Fellowship.

Conclusions:

Reminding myself of my “why” as I faced roadblocks along the journey, finding community, and leaning into the identities/experiences that made me a unique candidate and clinician within the world of voice were valuable lessons learned in my pursuit to enter the profession. I hope the field of voice science and medicine will acknowledge the need to seek out clinicians of diverse backgrounds in our efforts to make voice care accessible for all.
Design of dynamic active‐passive beamforming for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces assisted hybrid VLC/RF communications
Authors: Han Yufeng , Xiao Yue , Zhang Xiaonan , Gao Yulan , Zhu Qiaonan , Dong Binhong
Published: May 2022

The hybrid visible light communication (VLC)/radio frequency (RF) communications are investigated with the aid of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in dynamic wireless networks, where the RIS access selection processes of VLC/RF users are updated depending on the channel quality dynamically. Specifically, a dynamic optimization problem due to the mobility of users and time‐varying selection strategy is formulated. Under the constraints of the average minimum rate for VLC/RF users and the maximum transmit power constraints for VLC/RF access points (APs), the target is to minimize the average long‐term power consumption, by jointly considering the active beamforming at APs and the passive beamforming at RISs. Based on the Lyapunov optimization framework and the drift‐plus‐penalty (DPP) algorithm, the original optimization problem is transformed into corresponding short‐term problems at each frame. Furthermore, the closed form solutions with active‐passive beamforming are derived using the fractional programming method based on the Lagrangian dual theory. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the convergence and effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.
W‐band layered waveguide filters based on CNC‐milling technology
Authors: Zhao Yun , Yan Yu‐Tao , Ye Fan , Ding Jiang‐Qiao , Li Sheng
Published: May 2022

The development of multi‐pixel receivers on the millimetre‐wave and terahertz bands demands on the integration of key waveguide devices. In this paper, two waveguide bandpass filters operating at the W‐band are developed based on the layered integration architecture. First, the traditional fourth‐order waveguide filter is perpendicularly folded to realise dual‐layered arrangement, meanwhile a cross‐coupling between layers is introduced to obtain the standard quasi‐elliptical response. Then, two layered approaches including 5‐layer and 3‐layer are proposed to fabricate filter prototypes integrating with 90° curved waveguides based on the computer numerical control (CNC) technology. Finally, the measurement exhibits that both filters have achieved the 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 14.8% from 85 to 98.5 GHz, low insertion loss of 0.6 dB (5‐layer) and 0.4 dB (3‐layer), the return loss with better than 20 dB, as well as two obvious transmission zeros in the out‐of‐band. Besides, the layering error analysis and performance comparison of both filters are discussed, which verify the feasibility of the layered integration for CNC‐machined W‐band waveguide filters.
Graphene antidot nanoribbon tunnel field‐effect transistor
Authors: Xiao Zhixing
Published: May 2022

A graphene nanoribbon tunnel field‐effect transistor (TFET) model is proposed, in which the antidot pattern is used to generate the heterojunction (HJ) band structure. The intrinsic strain at the HJ interface is absent naturally, greatly avoiding the tunnelling blocking effect of the interface states. The energy gap (Eg) of the graphene antidot nanoribbon (GANR) can be flexibly modulated through the antidot morphology, resulting in highly tunable device performance. Moreover, the stability of the TFET behaviours considering the patterning technology issue is studied. Simulation results indicate that the GANR is suitable for the TFET design in different application scenarios.
Surface code design for asymmetric error channels
Authors: Azad Utkarsh , Lipińska Aleksandra , Mahato Shilpa , Sachdeva Rijul , Bhoumik Debasmita , Majumdar Ritajit
Published: May 2022

Surface codes are quantum error correcting codes typically defined on a 2D array of qubits. A [dx, dz] surface code design is being introduced, where dx(dz) represents the distance of the code for bit (phase) error correction, motivated by the fact that the severity of bit flip and phase flip errors in the physical quantum system is asymmetric. We present pseudo‐threshold and threshold values for the proposed surface code design for asymmetric error channels in the presence of various degrees of asymmetry of , errors in a depolarisation channel. We demonstrate that compared to symmetric surface codes, our asymmetric surface codes can provide almost double the pseudo‐threshold rates while requiring less than half the number of physical qubits in the presence of increasing asymmetry in the error channel. Our results show that for low degree of asymmetry, it is advantageous to increase dx along with dz. However, as the asymmetry of the channel increases, higher pseudo‐threshold is obtained with increasing dz when dx is kept constant at a low value. Additionally, we also show that the advantage in the pseudo‐threshold rates begins to saturate for any possible degree of asymmetry in the error channel as the surface code asymmetry is continued to be increased.
Regularized 3D spectroscopy with CubeFit: Method and application to the Galactic Center circumnuclear disk
Authors: Paumard Thibaut , Ciurlo Anna , Morris Mark R. , Do Tuan , Ghez Andrea M.
Published: May 2022

Context. The Galactic Center black hole and the nuclear star cluster are surrounded by a clumpy ring of gas and dust, the circumnuclear disk (CND), that rotates about them at a standoff distance of ≃1.5 pc. The mass and density of individual clumps in the CND are disputed.

Aims. We seek to use H2 to characterize the clump size distribution and to investigate the morphology and dynamics of the interface between the ionized interior layer of the CND and the molecular reservoir lying farther out (corresponding to the inner rim of the CND, illuminated in ultraviolet light by the central star cluster).

Methods. We have observed two fields of approximately 20″ × 20″ in the CND at near-infrared wavelengths with the OSIRIS spectro-imager at the Keck Observatory. These two fields, located at the approaching and receding nodes of the CND, best display this interface. Our data cover two H2 lines as well as the Brγ line (tracing H II). We have developed the tool CubeFit, an original method for extracting maps of continuous physical parameters (such as the velocity field and velocity dispersion) from integral-field spectroscopy data, using regularization to largely preserve spatial resolution in regions of low signal-to-noise ratio.

Results. This original method enables us to isolate compact, bright features in the interstellar medium of the CND. Several clumps in the southwestern field assume the appearance of filaments, many of which are parallel to one another. We conclude that these clumps cannot be self-gravitating.
Revisiting Ulysses electron data with a triple fit of velocity distributions
Authors: Scherer K. , Husidic E. , Lazar M. , Fichtner H.
Published: May 2022

Context. Given their uniqueness, the Ulysses data can still provide us with valuable new clues about the properties of plasma populations in the solar wind, and especially about their variations with heliographic coordinates. In the context of kinetic waves and instabilities in the solar wind plasma, the electron temperature anisotropy plays a crucial role. To date, two electron populations (the core and the halo) have been surveyed using anisotropic fitting models, limited in general to the ecliptic observations.

Aims. We revisit the electron data reported by the SWOOPS instrument on board the Ulysses spacecraft between 1990 and early 2008. These observations reveal velocity distributions out of thermal equilibrium, with anisotropies (e.g., parallel drifts and/or different temperatures, parallel and perpendicular to the background magnetic field), and quasi-thermal and suprathermal populations with different properties.

Methods. We apply a 2D non-linear least squares fitting procedure, using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, to simultaneously fit the velocity electron data (up to a few keV) with a triple model combining three distinct populations: the more central quasi-thermal core, the suprathermal halo, and a second suprathermal population consisting mainly of the electron strahl (or beaming population with a major field-aligned drift). The recently introduced κ-cookbook is used to describe each component with the following anisotropic distribution functions (recipes): Maxwellian distribution, regularized κ-distribution, and generalized κ-distribution. Most relevant are triple combinations selected as best fits (BFs) with minimum relative errors and standard deviations.

Results. The number of BFs obtained for each fitting combination is 80.6% of the total number of events (70.7% in the absence of coronal mass ejections). Showing the distribution of the BFs for the entire data set, during the whole interval of time, enables us to identify the most representative fitting combinations associated with either fast or slow winds, and different phases of solar activity. The temperature anisotropy quantified by the best fits is considered a case study of the main parameters characterizing electron populations. By comparison to the core, both suprathermal populations exhibit higher temperature anisotropies, which slightly increase with the energy of electrons. Moreover, these anisotropies manifest different dependences on the solar wind speed and heliographic coordinates, and are highly conditioned by the fitting model.

Conclusions. These results demonstrate that the characterization of plasma particles is highly dependent on the fitting models and their combinations, and this method must be considered with caution. However, the multi-distribution function fitting of velocity distributions has a significant potential to advance our understanding of solar wind kinetics and deserves further quantitative analyses.
Implementation paradigm for supervised flare forecasting studies: A deep learning application with video data
Authors: Guastavino Sabrina , Marchetti Francesco , Benvenuto Federico , Campi Cristina , Piana Michele
Published: May 2022

Aims. In this study, we introduce a general paradigm for generating independent and well-balanced training, validation, and test sets for use in supervised machine and deep learning flare forecasting, to determine the extent to which video-based deep learning can predict solar flares.

Methods. We use this implementation paradigm in the case of a deep neural network, which takes videos of magnetograms recorded by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/HMI) as input.

Results. The way the training and validation sets are prepared for network optimization has a significant impact on the prediction performances. Furthermore, deep learning is able to realize flare video classification with prediction performances that are in line with those obtained by machine learning approaches that require an a priori extraction of features from the HMI magnetograms.

Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the solar flare forecasting problem is addressed by means of a deep neural network for video classification, which does not require any a priori extraction of features from the HMI magnetograms.
Research on Multi-modal Teaching of Graduate Students Academic English Writing Based on Information Technology
Authors: Chen Meiyi
Published: May 2022

In the process of innovating the English teaching system, multi-modal teaching is very representative and promotes the digital and three-dimensional development of English teaching. The teaching of academic English writing is of great practical significance for graduate students to carry out academic research and express their academic views independently. In the traditional teaching of graduate students' Academic English writing, the content of the teaching is relatively single, and the teaching process lacks interaction, which affects the continuous improvement of graduate students' Academic English writing. Taking the application of information technology as the research background, this paper puts forward the teaching strategy of multi-modal academic English writing for graduate students.
Research on the Influence of Marketing Information Quality on Consumer Behavior — Taking Wechat Marketing as an Example
Authors: Zhang Zhuoye , He Sixue
Published: May 2022

With the continuous prosperity and development of Internet technology, the amount of information generated is increasing day by day, which inevitably leads to a series of problems such as marketing information surplus and user perception disorder. How to improve the quality of information and reduce the information disturbance to users has become an urgent problem for social media. This paper takes wechat marketing as an example, through literature research, questionnaire collection, SPSS statistical analysis and Amos structural equation fitting, based on previous research and the development status at home and abroad, summarizes various dimensions of marketing information quality, and combines drive theory and relationship marketing theory to identify three levels that affect user satisfaction and behavior: information content, utility and carrier quality. After reliability and validity test and structural equation fitting analysis, it is found that in three levels, there are five dimensions (authenticity, integrity, incentive, security, system performance) with user satisfaction as the intermediary variable, which positively affect user consumer behavior, and the influence coefficients of each dimension on user satisfaction are obtained. Among them, the influence coefficient of incentive on user satisfaction is the largest Suggestions on strengthening users' interest perception, improving the richness of media, optimizing the system layout and improving the information security mechanism.
The Research of Network Ideology Education in Hainan Higher Vocational Colleges under the New Media Vision
Authors: Ning Yulan , Pang Qiyue
Published: May 2022

In the view of new media, when Hainan higher vocational colleges carry out the education of network ideology, they should actively hold high the banner of the main melody, carry out in-depth the great action of Hainan civilization, and strengthen the mainstream ideological public opinion by consolidating, we should carry forward the main theme, dare to respond to the wrong trend of thought and the public opinion that confuses right and wrong, study the changes of the public opinion on the Internet, improve the control ability of the public opinion, seize the new highland of the propaganda thought, and improve the quality of the education of the network ideology in an all-round way. Based on the new media field of vision, this paper makes a systematic study on the network ideology education in Hainan higher vocational colleges.
Fashion Design and Aesthetic Embodiment Based on Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Shi Jiayi
Published: May 2022

With the continuous development and improvement of virtual reality technology, the technology has been widely used to improve the overall level of fashion design, vivid aesthetics to create a good foundation. By giving full play to the advantages of virtual reality technology application, innovating fashion design scheme, optimizing fashion design concept, annotating aesthetic space, enriching aesthetic embodiment, helping fashion design to realize overall innovation. Based on the application of virtual reality technology, this paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions on fashion design and aesthetic embodiment.
Research on online teaching problems and countermeasures
Authors: Wu Min
Published: May 2022

Through the online teaching survey of polytechnic, it is found that there are few mature high-quality online courses in polytechnic at this stage, teachers’ teaching ability and teaching methods cannot meet the teaching needs, and students’ learning initiative and enthusiasm are not high. In response to the above problems, it is proposed to use information technology to explore how to promote the reform of vocational education in the aspects of quality curriculum construction, teaching model innovation, assessment and evaluation methods, and new forms of integrated teaching materials.
“Planning” and “construction” of the renovation of the open-air swimming pool
Authors: Chen Lingling , Huang Bingzhang , Huang Weiwei , Liang Xiaohui
Published: May 2022

The paper combined with the actual situation of setting up outdoor swimming pool facilities in the school analyzes and studies the design content of the preliminary positioning, engineering design, construction design and operation use from the positioning, design, cost, energy saving, management, operation and other aspects of the transformation concept of “planning” and “construction”, and provides a reference for the design of the outdoor swimming pool in the school.
Water–fertilizer coupling effect on the growth traits of winter wheat under conditions of light and small sprinklers
Authors: Fan Yongshen , Ma Chunya , li Peng , Cao Hua , Cao Yinbo
Published: May 2022

Light and small sprinklers were used to irrigate winter wheat fields. The distribution and migration of water and nitrogen in soil during winter wheat growth period were analyzed. Moreover, the growth traits of winter wheat were monitored. It is demonstrated that water–fertilizer coupling effect had a significant impact on the migration of water and nitrogen in soil and the growth traits of winter wheat under conditions of light and small sprinklers. Under the same condition of irrigation quota, although the content of moisture in soil was slightly reduced with the increase of the amount of fertilizer, the impact of the amount of fertilizer on the content of moisture in soil is much more insignificant than that of irrigation quota. The content of nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in soil was increased with an increasing amount of fertilizer, especially when the value of irrigation quota was low. On the other hand, under the same condition of amount of fertilizer, the content of nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in soil was decreased with an increasing value of irrigation quota, especially when the value of irrigation quota was high. Hence, an ultra-high value of irrigation quota will aggravate the leach of nitrate nitrogen in soil. The water–fertilizer coupling effect and yield of winter wheat could be optimized by improving irrigation scheme, optimizing irrigation quota, and optimizing the amount of fertilizer.