bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industries of Sanduru Taluk: A Historical Overview
Authors: H Thippeswamy , . Raddeppa
Published: April 2024

Sanduru and Sanduru Environment are located in the Ballari district, often known as the KarthikeyaTapovana. During the Krutayuga, Tretayuga, Dwaparayuga, and Kaliyuga, it went by the names Devagiri, Swarnagiri,Divayachala, and Lohachala. Swami Karthikeya is said to have prayed to Lord Brahmadi's gods for Tarakadi Asura'sdeath.1 Since then, it has served as a natural destination, a place of worship, and an industrial site. Due to the splendourof nature and its natural resources, several enterprises have existed since ancient times. The Ballari ParisaradaSamskrutika Parampare Volume I and the Gazetteer of the Bellary District were used to review all of those industries.
CURRICULUM DESIGN TO CONSECUTIVE INTERPRETATION ANALYTICAL PROGRAM
Authors: García Elizabeth Hierrezuelo , López Hortencia Cruz , Devesa Rafael Rodrríguez
Published: April 2024

The detection of insufficiencies in the teaching-learning process of Consecutive Interpretation in the English Language Major in the University of Holguin served as the starting point of a qualitative study to improve said process. This article presents the analytical program proposed by the authors for this subject as solution to the problematic situation, and the process followed to conceive it, which are the main results of the research. Its objective is to design an analytical program coherent with the skills and characteristics of the interpretation modality in question. This will serve as foundation for the rest of the modalities it contributes to and thus highlights the relevance of an upgraded preparation. For its elaboration, the authors followed Stringer’s Model of Action Research (2007): observed lessons and exams and interviewed a convenience sample of 10 students and five faculty members as empirical methods. The theoretical methods applied were analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction, transit from the abstract to the concrete. They allowed the critical appraisal of the collected data and the needed generalizations to arrive at the assessments provided. The proposed analytical program is coherent and updated in terms of aims, contents and pedagogy.
Effectiveness of William’s Flexion Exercises on Non-Specific Low Back Pain Among Nurses
Authors:   Associate Professor, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Sulaiman. I  , Bera Ananya ,   BPT Intern, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Sahana. S  ,   BPT Intern, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Kumar A. K. Vijay Krishna ,   Principal, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Published: April 2024

Background: Non-specific low back pain is a condition characterized by symptoms that lack a specific cause or identifiable origin. This type of back pain affects individuals of all ages and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. It is a component of an occupational ailment that poses a significant worldwide public health issue due to its high prevalence. Healthcare professionals are exposed to occupational risk factors that make them more susceptible to developing low back pain. The risk for developing low back pain is higher, in nursing. The William flexion exercises are specifically designed to enhance the flexion of the lumbar vertebrae while limiting lumbar extension. By performing these exercises, the goal is to strengthen the gluteus and abdominal muscles. The introduction of these exercises aims to educate patients on how to avoid lumbar extension, which can worsen low back pain. Regular performance of these exercises by patients leads to a reduction in pain, improved stability of the lower pelvis, and an increased range of motion. Methodology: The study employed an experimental design and included a sample of 40 nurses selected through convenient sampling from hospitals in and around Bangalore. The primary outcome measures assessed in this study were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Result: The study shows the statistically significant difference in pre and post-intervention of VAS and ODI with p<0.001. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a significant difference on Pain and disability among nurses with the help of Williams flexion exercises. KEYWORDS: Low Back Pain, William’s Flexion Exercises, Nurses.
AN EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS IN THE AFRICAN REGION
Authors: Baboolal Rashri , Louis Naude
Published: April 2024

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in Africa is growing and flourishing but the region is not a global leader in conflict resolution. The African region still has many challenges to overcome. The region has the potential to expand, grow and thrive with foreign direct investment to boost its economies and ensure stability for its infrastructure. The African region is rich in many natural resources, but, unfortunately, interstate conflict causes instability to social, political and economic rights. This article explores the weaknesses and challenges within the African region with a view to activating the potential of the region to become a global leader in alternative dispute resolution. The enforcement and implementation mechanisms of alternative dispute resolution require an evaluation of current systems to ensure that there is an animate thrust of dispute resolution. The African systems have their strengths, but an evaluation of any system always exposes weaknesses. Corruption within the African region is a common theme, since government does not play an active role in deterring corruption, and this causes the public to mistrust all initiatives that stem from government influence. The article discusses the situation in four African countries, showing that corruption, lack of education and a lack of skilled ADR practitioners cause a dysfunctional system that cannot embrace ADR. For an ADR system to function smoothly, numerous ADR practitioners are needed to resolve conflict competently. Furthermore, a selective system of favouring laws that support only the government as opposed to investors causes an imbalance, and discourages investors from investing in Africa. A way needs to be paved, not to negate international practices relating to investor disputes, but rather to work holistically with national laws, to harmonise laws and overcome any conflict of law within the region.
THE IMPACT OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN ELECTORAL SYSTEM ON LEGISLATIVE OVERSIGHT
Authors: Maganoe Shadi
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the relationship between the South African electoral system and its consequential effects on legislative oversight. Through an analysis of historical data, electoral structures, and parliamentary dynamics, this study aims to illuminate the various ways in which the chosen electoral system shapes the nature and efficacy of legislative oversight mechanisms. The study delves into the features of South Africa's electoral model, exploring how proportional representation and constituency-based elements influence the conduct of elected representatives in Parliament. In addition, this study assesses the implications of these electoral dynamics for the ability of parliamentary bodies to oversee effectively the conduct of the executive branch in order to ensure accountability and transparency in the governing process. By examining the impact of one-party dominance in Parliament as a consequence of the electoral system, this study provides insights into the intricate interplay between electoral systems and the crucial function of legislative oversight in fostering a robust democratic system.
AN APPRAISAL OF THE ROLE OF RITUALS AND THEIR WAIVER IN THE CONCLUSION OF A CUSTOMARY MARRIAGE
Authors: Aubrey Manthwa  , Perfect Lekolwana
Published: April 2024

The validity of customary marriages remains a topical issue in South Africa and the most litigated aspect of customary law. The problem is that courts often do not pay attention to the role that rituals play in the validity of a customary marriage. Courts do not always investigate the relevant living law to determine if indeed the traditional group involved allows for waiver of a ritual in conclusion of a customary marriage. Living law refers to the day-to-day norms of communities that base their lives on customary law. Living law is affected by different factors such as acculturation and urbanisation.1 The focus of this article is on some of the different traditional groups in South Africa and looks at case law in South Africa in terms of how traditional groups deal with the role of rituals in determining the conclusion of a customary marriage. The article argues that what is happening is problematic because customary law is not given the recognition it is afforded by the Constitution. The article argues that understanding rituals can play an important role in helping courts to determine whether a customary marriage has been concluded in a particular case. Rituals are also observed to integrate a bride into the groom’s family; however, there are rituals that may be waived without affecting the validity of a customary marriage. Integration of the bride is a broader term requiring scrutiny because this process includes different and varying rituals that are observed in the conclusion of a customary marriage. In customary law, rituals are significant because they are associated with legitimising certain occurrences, such as the change of a surname and the coronation of a king. This article argues that courts should appreciate the significance of rituals in the conclusion of a customary marriage. In addition, courts should understand which rituals are so important that they cannot be waived.
A “SIGN” OF THE TIMES: A BRIEF CONSIDERATION OF THE VALIDITY OF E-SIGNATURES IN AGREEMENTS AND AFFIDAVITS IN SOUTH AFRICAN LAW
Authors: Ciresh Singh
Published: April 2024

The evolution of technology has changed business practices all over the world. Owing to technological and e-commerce developments, businesses can now transact with each other instantaneously across borders. The digitalisation of commerce and other traditional working methods has created a new “digital age” in human history. Digitalisation has taken over many economic activities and industries and is slowly finding its way into the legal system. Several businesses are now concluding commercial transactions and contracts electronically. Electronic signatures have consequently become essential tools for concluding legal agreements and conducting other daily business and legal practices. These new innovations have brought into question the legal validly of these transactions, and in particular the legitimacy and security of electronically signed documents.
FACILITATING AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON BLOCKCHAIN: A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ruddy Kabwe  , Princess Thembelihle Ncube
Published: April 2024

Exchange of information is a mechanism that enables tax authorities to share tax information across borders. Exchange of information curtails harmful practices such as tax evasion and tax avoidance by promoting cooperation between tax authorities. Recent world events have seen unprecedented levels of globalisation and novel income-earning structures. Taxpayers earn income from streams that were previously unavailable. These developments have led tax authorities to implement policies that focus on improved financial transparency and better multilateral cooperation. This article argues for the implementation of blockchain technology to facilitate exchange of information in South Africa. Blockchain is a ledger that records and stores information on an online network. Blockchain’s features make it conducive for use in cross-border administration and exchange of tax information. Blockchain creates a platform for financial transparency because data stored on the blockchain is reliable and accurate. Tax information is exchanged in real time, thereby reducing tax authorities’ administrative burden and enhancing cooperation.
PROTECTION OF INFORMATIONAL PRIVACY IN THE WORKPLACE GIVEN THE ADVANCEMENT IN TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Unathi Nxokweni
Published: April 2024

The introduction of electronic communication in the workplace has changed how employers conduct their business and, in turn, the way that employees are expected to perform their duties. Increased electronic communication services in the workplace have infused the physical employment environment with electronic communication technology. The increase in this form of communication threatens the employee’s right to privacy in today’s workplace, which is characterised by reliance on information communication technology (ICT), and in particular, the use of emails and the Internet to conduct business. The purpose of this article is to suggest a frame of reference that could assist with the implementation of the Protection of Personal Information Act (4 of 2013) (POPIA) by organisations that process personal information in South Africa based on the conditions provided in POPIA.
IMPROVING AN EXISTING OR ERECTING A NEW OR ADDITIONAL STRUCTURE BY ESTA OCCUPIERS: AN ANALYSIS OF Daniels v Scribante 2017 (4) SA 341 (CC), Erasmus v Mtenje [2018] ZALCC 12, and De Jager v Mazibuko [2020] ZALCC 7
Authors: Lerato Rudolph Ngwenyama
Published: April 2024

The conduct of occupiers (i.e., occupiers in terms of the Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997 (ESTA)) was central in three court judgments in recent years. The first judgment in the matter of Daniels v Scribante (2017 (4) SA 341 (CC)) is widely regarded as a progressive and transformative judgment, and as having opened the door for ESTA occupiers to improve their dwellings. In Daniels v Scribante, the Constitutional Court considered whether an ESTA occupier has a right to make improvements to a dwelling to make it habitable. The court found that ESTA affords an occupier the right to make improvements to their dwelling without the consent of the owner. However, the court pointed out that meaningful engagement between an owner or person in charge and an ESTA occupier was still necessary, because the exercise of an occupier’s right to make improvements could potentially encroach on an owner’s right to property. Since the judgment in Daniels was delivered, some ESTA occupiers, without prior consent or engaging meaningfully with the owner or person in charge, have improved or erected new structures – both inside and outside the demarcated parcel of land where they reside.Despite the ESTA occupiers’ need to improve or erect new structures, Daniels is context-sensitive and is therefore not blanket authority to engage in building operations anywhere on private farmland without prior, meaningful engagement with the owner or person in charge. Furthermore, reliance on Daniels v Scribante must be clearly justified. It is in this context that the case note emphasises that, where the current dwellings of ESTA occupiers are not suitable for human habitation and it is necessary to improve them or erect new buildings, the improvement must be done after proper meaningful engagement between the ESTA occupier and the owner or person in charge in accordance with the general guidelines set out in Daniels v Scribante. This is because the principles established in Daniels v Scribante set the scene for the much-needed balancing of rights between ESTA occupiers and owners, by alluding to the fact that ESTA occupiers are obliged to engage meaningfully with owners or persons in charge prior to embarking on improving or building new structures.The first part of this case note sets out and analyses case law that has dealt with improving or building new structures. The next part explores the competing rights and interests of ESTA occupiers and owners in relation to improving or erecting new structures. The third and final part of the contribution highlights and emphasises the importance of meaningful engagement before an ESTA occupier improves or erects a new dwelling on property belonging to another.
Регулирование оборота цифровых валют: зарубежный опыт и позиции международных финансовых организаций
Authors: Беляев Александр Сергеевич , Беляев Даниил Александрович
Published: April 2024

Предмет: анализ правовых механизмов, применяемых на международном уровне для регулирования оборота цифровых валют, включая криптовалюты и токены. Особое внимание уделяется изучению позиций и взглядов международных финансовых организаций, таких как МВФ, Всемирный банк и ФАТФ, касательно цифровых валют. Цель: заключается в систематизации и анализе правовых подходов и рекомендаций международных организаций по вопросам регулирования оборота цифровых валют, с целью выявления существующих трендов, проблем и потенциала для гармонизации правовых режимов. Дизайн исследования: авторы провели сбор статистической информации об объеме транзакций цифровых валют, а также данных о числе и виде правовых актов, регулирующих данный сектор в различных странах, также был произведен качественный анализ, который включает изучение и сравнение национальных законов, нормативных актов и политик регулирования сферы цифровых валют, а также анализ позиций и рекомендаций международных организаций. Результат: исследование дает возможность лучше понять текущее состояние и перспективы правового регулирования цифровых валют на международном уровне, обозначая ключевые вызовы и возможные пути их решения.
First record of Damalinia caprae (Gurlt, 1843) and Linognathus africanus (Kelogg and Paine, 1911) (Insecta: Phthiraptera) in small ruminants from Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: Yaleidi Herrera-Rojas , Gabriela Alvarado-Rodríguez , Citlali Estefania Sollano-Mendieta , Mario Antonio Mendoza-Nuñez , Vicente Homero González-Álvarez
Published: April 2024

This study reports for the first time the lice species infesting small ruminants of three communities of Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero, Mexico. The lice were manually collected from sheep and goats, deposited in vials containing 70% alcohol, and transported to the Parasitology Laboratory at the Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia N° 2. For identification, the specimens were cleared in potassium hydroxide (KOH) at 10%, dried, and mounted on slides. A total of 789 lice were collected from goats and sheep. Two lice species, D. caprae and L. africanus were identified, making D. caprae the most prevalent. No other species were identified parasitizing the sampled animals. It is suggested to do more research to determine prevalence, incidence, and affections in the productive and reproductive parameters; as well as, to determine the possible role of the identified lice in the transmission of microorganisms with medical and veterinary importance.
A scoping review of the impact of acquired communication impairments on sexuality, intimacy, and sexual health v1
Authors: L Wolford Laura , Behn Nicholas
Published: April 2024

Background Communication is a crucial part of sexuality. Communication ability has been linked to ability to participate in consent-related discussions, sexual health and safety, sexual self-esteem and self-efficacy, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction. It therefore makes sense that people with acquired communication impairments would experience changes to their sexual wellbeing as a result of the communication impairment. Additionally, healthcare clinicians may perceive the communication impairment as reducing the client's ability to discuss sexuality and sexual health. This may make sexual wellness even more difficult to access for people with acquired communication impairments. Therefore, this scoping review will be undertaken to better understand the scope of the literature relating acquired communication impairments to sexuality and how these impacts are discussed in the literature. Methods We will use Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework for a scoping review. We will search CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. No date limits will be placed on the search. Additional hand searches of reference lists will be conducted. Data will be extracted relating to the context of the publication, disorder area and communication impairment studied, how communication was discussed in the article, explicitly stated effects of communication impairment on intimacy/sexuality, effects of communication impairment on ability to participate in the study, and any accommodations made for people with communication difficulties. Quantitative data will be explored with descriptive statistics, and qualitative data will be analyzed using a meta-qualitative approach with latent content analysis to interpret meaning and explore themes. The full search strategy and methods are available in the PDF attached.
Composition and diversity of culturable cyanobacteria in sediment samples from the upper layers of two tropical reservoirs
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Arismendi-González Lina , Arroyave Esteban ,   University of Texas Medical Branch, Orozco Luz Yaneth ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Arboleda-Baena Clara María ,   Universidade Federal, Sepúlveda-Sánchez Marisol ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Palacio-Betancur Hilda ,   Universidad Ces, Muskus-López Carlos Enrique ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Pohlon Elisabeth ,   Justus Liebig University, Flórez-Molina María Teresa ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: April 2024

Benthic cyanobacteria research in high mountain reservoirs remains limited, mainly due to their complexity and knowledge gaps that persist in relation to their ecology in tropical regions. This study aimed to explore the composition, diversity, and toxic potential of cyanobacterial in the upper sediment of two Colombian reservoirs. Our investigation involved multiple methodologies, such as germination experiments, that allowed us to assess the presence and viability of cyanobacteria in upper sediment samples, while the competitive ELISA assay allowed for the quantification of toxins within the cultures. The molecular analysis of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) from subsamples of sediment cultures focused on evaluating cyanobacterial diversity and richness among prokaryotic phyla, and the Phylogenetic analysis of culturable cyanobacteria. Chlorophyll-a measurements confirmed the presence of viable populations in sediment cultures, while microscopic identification demonstrated the growth capacity of cyanobacteria from the orders Nostocales, Chroococcales, Oscillatoriales, and Synechococcales under controlled laboratory conditions. Despite low microcystin levels in culture, the prior detection of mcy genes in direct sediment samples suggests a possible toxic potential of cyanobacterial inhabiting the upper sediments. Community analysis, based on the OTUs abundance, revealed a notably diverse microbial community in both reservoir sediments, with a higher relative abundance of cyanobacteria compared to other prokaryotic phyla. These findings support the hypothesis that surface sediments play a fundamental role as a repository for cyanobacteria that may pose inherent risks to ecosystem health. In conclusion, this research underscores the necessity of further studies to achieve a holistic comprehension of benthic cyanobacteria dynamics in high-mountain tropical reservoirs.
Priority and Weight Analysis of Factors for Selection of 3rd Party Logistics Companies by Manufacturing Companies: Focusing on Comparison between Efficient and Responsive Supply Chains
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Lee Yong-Gyu
Published: April 2024

Using AHP, it is to clearly analyze that there is a difference in the importance and weight of the selection criteria factors that should be applied first in the selection of a third-party logistics company depending on the characteristics of the product and supply chain from the viewpoint of Korean manufacturing companies. For this purpose, previous studies that presented factors for selecting third-party logistics companies were reviewed. As a method of integrating the presented selection criteria, 4 items of ‘logistics service’, 3 items of ‘logistics information (IT) system’, 4 items of ‘logistics price (cost)’, 5 selection criteria of 3 items of ‘Corporate Reputation’ and 6 items of ‘Capacity and Infrastructure’ and 20 application items were selected. And using these contents, a survey was conducted on manufacturing companies.
Survey results As a questionnaire that can be used for AHP analysis, 51 companies in the efficient supply chain group and 35 companies in the reactive supply chain group were collected. The priority and weight of the selection criteria and application items were determined by performing pairwise comparisons on Tier II selection criteria and Tier III application factors, and calculating overlapping weights.
The priority and importance of the Tier II selection criteria and the Tier III application factors were confirmed, and the weights for the selection criteria and application items that should be applied preferentially were calculated by synthesizing them. In the efficient supply chain group, the importance of stability, service price, image, cost reduction, accuracy, financial stability, and compatibility was high. In the reactive supply chain group, the importance of stability, accuracy, image, service price, information capability, compatibility, and incentives was high. Through these research results, by reflecting the characteristics of product manufacturing and supply chain, selection criteria and application items that should be applied first when manufacturers select third-party logistics companies are clearly presented.
A Study on the Effects of Logistics Platforms Utilization Factors of Logistics Firms on Logistics service Provision Capability, and Performance
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Oh Ye-Eun , Park Keun-Sik
Published: April 2024

Due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the logistics industry is developing based on Logistics 4.0. In particular, digital transformation of the logistics industry is required as a predictable way to reduce transportation and logistics costs, with many difficulties such as the recent surge in maritime freight and logistics disruptions since COVID-19. As such, logistics companies recognize that digital transformation of logistics is necessary for work, digitizing offline-oriented document management and preparing to change work methods through logistics platforms. However, due to the conservative and closed nature of the logistics industry, it is difficult to revitalize the logistics platform market. Therefore, this study examined the factors affecting the use of the logistics platforms by dividing them into technical, organizational and environmental factors, and examined the relationship between the logistics service provision capability and firm’s performance through the use of the logistics platforms. A survey of this study was conducted on workers of logistics companies using the logistics platforms, and empirical analysis was conducted through the PLS-SEM method. As a result, it was found that the greater the network effect, organizational flexibility, and competitive pressure of the logistics platforms, the more positive effect on the logistics service provision capability through the logistics platforms, of which competitive pressure had the greatest impact. It was found that the CEO’s investment support had no significant effect on logistics service provision capability. In addition, it was confirmed that the improvement of logistics service provision capability through logistics platforms affects the non-financial and financial performance of companies.
Enhancing the Relationship Performance of Supply Chain Participants: Perspective of Interactional Justice
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Lee Chang-Joon , Ha Young-Kyou
Published: April 2024

Given the dynamic reorganization observed in erstwhile supply chains, many scholars are developing optimal methods to efficiently operate supply chains. Against this background, this study assumed that the relationships of supply chain participants were a key element of supply chain performance and explored paths for relationship optimization. For the empirical analysis, a survey was conducted with employees working in supply chain-related jobs in South Korea. A total of 350 questionnaires were included in the analysis, and a structural equation model was used for hypothesis testing. The two dimensions of interactional justice, namely interpersonal justice and informational justice, were found to have a significant positive impact on the factors of the triangular theory of love. Hence, perceiving justice when transacting with counterparts within the supply chain is vital for enhancing levels of intimacy, passion, and commitment. While passion and commitment showed a significant positive influence on relationship performance, intimacy did not. These results reflect the current supply chain environment, indicating that an appropriate level of passion and commitment is necessary for members constructing a supply chain. This study demonstrates that behavioral science factors commonly observed in interpersonal relationships can also be explored in business relationships, thus highlighting its interdisciplinary relevance. The results have practical implications for companies considering supply chain relational dynamics.
Multi-sensor data fusion reconstruction method for vibration dynamic responses of aerospace structures
Authors: Ye Yumei , Chen Cheng , Ma Jinchao , Yu Zhangyong
Published: April 2024

The dynamic responses of key locations are important inputs for the life and reliability assessment of spacecraft structures. Due to the limited sensing resources, most critical responses are difficult to measure directly. A structural dynamic response reconstruction method is necessary.
The responses of target locations can be reconstructed based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) of measured signals and the modal superposition. However, the structural modal information contained in the measured signal of a single sensor is limited, affecting the reconstruction accuracy.
In this paper, a response reconstruction method based on multi-sensor data fusion is proposed. It is applied to a main load-bearing structure of a spacecraft and its typical components to verify its strain response reconstruction effect under random vibration loads. The experimental results
show that multi-sensor data fusion improves the strain reconstruction accuracy. The maximum reduction in reconstruction error is from 8.7% to 1.3%. The reconstruction accuracy is further improved with the increase in the number of sensors. The optimal weighted fusion strategy for this problem
is the weights defined by the Euclidean distance (EUC) or the dynamic time warping distance (DTW). The fusion results show a better performance with the increase in the power of the defined distance. The proposed multi-sensor fusion method improves the reconstruction accuracy via supplementing
structural information to each other and eliminating the instability of single measured signals. More accurate dynamic responses via reconstruction reduce the large input uncertainty in life prediction and lay the foundation for building structural digital twins and managing structural health
more effectively.
Object detection algorithm for indoor switchgear components in substations based on improved YOLOv5s
Authors: Changdong Wu , Rui Liu
Published: April 2024

With the continuous progress of science and technology, electric power equipment detection systems are developing in the direction of artificial intelligence. To achieve good automatic detection results, a high-quality and speedy algorithm is designed to intelligently detect indoor
switchgear components in substations. This proposed method can detect the status of components based on image processing technology, which belongs to the field of condition monitoring. In this paper, the targets to be detected include multi-colour buttons or lights and the ammeters or voltmeters
of the electrical switchgear. Two hybrid improved algorithms are used to optimise the you only look once v5s (YOLOv5s) network framework for increasing the detection speed and performance. Firstly, deeper feature map extraction is achieved using HorNet recursive gated convolution to replace
the original C3 module for more efficient results. Then, a bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) algorithm is used to achieve the bidirectional propagation of feature information in the feature pyramid. This method can promote better fusion of feature information at different levels
and help to convey feature and location information in the image. Finally, the improved YOLOv5s-BH model is used to detect the targets in substations. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides encouraging detection results for indoor switchgear components in substations.
A fault diagnosis method for variable speed planetary gearbox based on ADGADF and Swin Transformer
Authors: Wang Huihui , Wu Zhe , Li Qi , Cui Yanping , Cui Suxiao
Published: April 2024

The vibration signal of planetary gearboxes under variable speed conditions shows non-stationary characteristics, indicating that fault diagnosis has become more complex and challenging. In order to more accurately diagnose faults in planetary gearboxes under variable speed conditions,
a new method is proposed based on the angular domain Gramian angular difference field (ADGADF) and Swin Transformer. This method initially employs the chirplet path pursuit (CPP) algorithm to fit the speed curve of the original time-domain signal and then combines the speed curve with computed
order tracking (COT) to achieve equal angle resampling of the time-domain signal, obtaining a stationary signal in the angular domain. On the basis of the above, the angular domain signal is creatively encoded into the two-dimensional images using the Gramian angular field (GAF), which accurately
represents the fault characteristics of the original signal. Finally, the Swin Transformer network, with efficient global feature extraction capability, is used to learn advanced features from the images, achieving accurate fault recognition and classification. The proposed method is verified
by experiment on the planetary gearbox and its performance is compared with several common coding methods and intelligent diagnosis algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed method reaches an accuracy of up to 99.8%. In addition, its performance in accuracy, precision, recall,
F1-score and the confusion matrix is superior to traditional diagnostic methods. It also offers the advantage of strong robustness.
Traffic model in heterogeneous networks based on experimental data
Authors: Spirina E.A. , Kozlov S.V. , Bukharina A.A.
Published: April 2024

Almost all modern networks provide data transfer between different subscriber devices types using subnets operating in different standards. Therefore, they are heterogeneous. To obtain correct estimates of the load and throughput of heterogeneous networks, it is necessary to be able to simulate such networks traffic close to real. Therefore, the traffic model development in heterogeneous networks based on experimental data is relevant. To do this, the article conducted an experimental study of real traffic in the operator “New Technologies of the XXI Century” heterogeneous network, analyzed the traffic generation main models in wireless networks, mathematical models IPP, 4IPP, IDP and 2IRP were selected for generating traffic in heterogeneous networks and determined the necessary for them application settings. Subscribers are classified depending on the subscriber devices types, the traffic types they use, and the data transferred volume. Based on the experimental data obtained, subscribers are classified depending on the subscriber devices types, the traffic types they use, as well as the data volume they transmit. A list of the subscribers’ main classes has been generated, indicating the models used to generate their traffic, and their parameters have been determined. A traffic mathematical model in heterogeneous networks has been developed, the transmission simulation of real and generated according to the developed model traffic over a heterogeneous network has been carried out, on the basis of which the correctness of the developed model has been shown. The resulting model allows us to obtain correct estimates of heterogeneous networks main characteristics using the mathematical modeling method.
5G network model development in AnyLogic environment
Authors: Glushak E.V. , Klyuev D.S.
Published: April 2024

Problem statement. The development of mobile communication networks does not stop for a minute, new standards and various new technologies are emerging. The opportunities provided by mobile technologies have long gone beyond voice services. The sharp growth of Internet traffic in networks around the world is explained by the widespread use of devices connected to mobile networks. With the development of mobile networks, new and diverse requirements are being imposed on them. Technology development is aimed at increasing productivity and expanding opportunities. Therefore, it becomes necessary to study the influence of the characteristics of additional parameters (delays, station loads) on the quality of data packet processing in order to optimize the operation of 5G networks and ensure more efficient use of resources. Many scientists who conducted research on 5G networks using modeling did not take into account various variants of queue processing algorithms, did not consider how the values of data transmission delays and the number of lost packets would change with an increase or decrease in the number of base stations, models consisting of several base stations were not considered. Based on this, we will conclude that it is advisable to develop a 5G network model, with the help of which various studies can be carried out, which will take into account the above parameters. The goal is to investigate the resource model of data transmission in 5G networks, to analyze the operation of the 5G network model in the AnyLogic environment. Results. During the study of traffic maintenance in the 5G network, the optimal system parameters were determined, allowing the most efficient use of network resources. It turned out that the use of methods of dynamic resource allocation and automatic change of base station parameters reduces the load on the network and increases its performance. The developed model allows us to assess the reliability of the system and its ability to process user requests, because the probability of losing an application or non-fulfillment of an application is high, this can lead to user dissatisfaction and a decrease in the quality of service. Practical significance. The developed model can be used in practice to study and evaluate the parameters of the 5G network, as well as to analyze various characteristics that affect the quality of the network in order to improve it. This can help telecom operators optimize their networks and ensure more efficient use of resources.
A generalized indicator of the efficiency of the use of the spacecraft radar to solve the remote sensing of earth problems by synthesizing the aperture. Part 1. Methodological foundations
Authors: Gabrielyan D.D. , Demchenko V.I. , Kasyanov A.O. , Kosogor A.A.
Published: April 2024

The importance of the article is determined by the following factors: the increasing use of spacecraft radars and, at the same time, the extension of the range of tasks to be solved for remote sensing of the Earth; using a wide range of orbits for the output of remote sensing radars of the spacecraft; a large number of parameters of the remote sensing radar of the spacecraft, which determines the purposive characteristics in accordance with the tasks to be solved; conflicting requirements for parameter values when solving various remote sensing tasks. Under these conditions, the substantiation of the parameters of the onboard radar of the spacecraft, as well as any complex technical system, is impossible without a generalized indicator that takes into account heterogeneous and often contradictory requirements for their values. The methodological basis for the formation of a generalized indicator of the effectiveness of the use of space radar is to take into account the main objective characteristics of the remote sensing spacecraft, including: the area of the observed surface of the Earth per unit of time (productivity); spatial resolution along and across the path line; radiometric sensitivity, radiometric resolution. Using the specified objective characteristics and variable indicators of the degree to which each of them is built, a generalized indicator of the efficiency of the spacecraft is formed in the form of multipliers. The number of multipliers is equal to the number of objective characteristics. The first and second factors represent a weighted ratio (taking into account the corresponding exponents) of the first and second objective characteristics and determine the geometric component of the received volume of radar information. The third and fourth factors determine the possibility of radar discrimination of objects on the ground in terms of their reflectivity and represent a weighted ratio of radiometric sensitivity and radiometric resolution. On the basis of the radar equation, taking into account the relationship of the parameters of the spacecraft radar with the objective characteristics, analytical relations are obtained linking the parameters of the space radar and a generalized indicator of the effectiveness of the use of the space-based radar for remote sensing of Earth. This makes it possible to determine the requirements for the main resources of the on-board radar complex, namely, the radiated power and dimensions of the antenna system of the on-board radar.
Low-coherence interferometry with homodyne demodulation capabilities for distributed fiber-optical sensors
Authors: Volkov P.V. , Semikov D.A. , Vyazankin O.S. , Denisov I.V. , Larin Y.A.
Published: April 2024

Distributed fiber-optical sensors (DFOS) achieve the best results while interference registration schemes are used when controlled physical field lead to the fiber length and phase difference. DFOS based on fiber-optical phase-amplitude filters (FOPAF) have a simple and reliable design, consisting of distributed sensing elements (DSE) set. However, the main problem is the stabilization of its characteristics in different areas of DSE. On the other hand, the possibilities of low-coherence interferometry with homodyne light demodulation show the possibilities of stabilizing working points, but in the Michelson fiber-optical interferometric tandem scheme. The purpose is to substantiate the option of stabilizing the operation of DSE based on FOPAF, using low-coherence interferometry with homodyne demodulation in monitoring spatially distributed physical fields. The appropriate methods are considered. The analysis of the possible experimental setup based on the low-coherence interferometry with homodyne demodulation in the interferometric tandem scheme in comparison with the variants, based on the low-mode fiber-optical fibers is established. Promising scheme of the experimental installation is presented and the requirements for components are justified. The prospects of using low-coherence interferometry with homodyne demodulation for DFOS based on DSE with FOPAF are shown. The proposed low-coherence interferometry scheme with homodyne demodulation for DFPS on DSE with FOPAF has high sensitivity, is built on affordable equipment and, accordingly, has a low specific cost for the subsequent development of monitoring system.
Nonparametric assessment of two-dimensional density of nonlinear location signal distribution for object recognition despite background noise
Authors: Ivanov V.A. , Kryukov E.N. , Cherkovets A.V.
Published: April 2024

Problem statement Searching for objects in shelter environments is a challenge associated with the difficulty of obtaining and interpreting search results. Currently, within the statistical theory of detection and recognition, no models and methods have been developed that allow automatically identifying the detected object. This is due to the difficulty of describing signal and noise models in the form of known statistical distributions. The variety of signals leads to the inability to describe them by any universal law of distribution. Therefore, traditional detection and recognition criteria do not provide high reliability of object search and identification. The purpose of the study. To develop and test the method for nonparametric estimation of nonlinear location signals, assess the potential possibilities of applying the developed method for automatic (automated) signal detection (recognition) systems. Results. The model for recognizing nonlinear location signals based on nonparametric approximation of two-dimensional probability distribution densities is presented. The potential possibility of improving the efficiency of nonlinear locators is shown. Practical significance. For nonlinear location systems a toolkit for estimating the probability of the detected object belonging to a given class of objects is proposed.
Simulation model of compression of a signal on the basis of the Compressive Sensing method
Authors: Dvoiris L.I. , Kryukov I.N. , Tolmachev A.N.
Published: April 2024

Detection and recognition of signals in time and frequency domain at different protection of objects and boundaries, carried out on the basis of the geographically distributed systems of protection, is the important task solved with use of sensors on the basis of different the physical principles. Detection and recognition of signals the specified means comes down to processing of big arrays of digital data. Their high-speed performance, energy consumption, mass-dimensional and other characteristics depend on algorithms of processing of these data. In digital signal processing (Digital signal processing DSP) achieved great success in algorithm elaboration for collecting and information extraction from signals. Digitization allowed to create more reliable detection systems and data processings, flexible and cheaper, than analog. At the same time at digital signal processing there is a need of work with more and more high frequencies of sampling, processing, the analysis and storage of large volumes of resultants of data. If the problem of work with high frequencies of sampling could be partially solved at the hardware level using expensive architecture of ATsP consuming high power until recently, then processing and data analysis are even more often carried out on the basis of researches in the field of compression and reduction of dimension of the processed data on the basis of the Compressive Sensing method.
A methodology for detecting digitally morphed photographic portraits based on an artifact segmentation model
Authors: Khalin A.G.
Published: April 2024

Problem statement. Existing biometric systems (hereinafter - BS) are based on the measurement of physiological and anatomical distinguishing characteristics of people. The BS compares the presented biometric samples (photographs) and determines the degree of similarity, which is used to make a decision on admission to the object or to classified information. One of the types of attacks on biometric presentation, against which no system is fully protected, is the method of morphing. It is based on the creation of an artificial biometric sample from two original ones, which retains the characteristics of both at a level sufficient to pass the biometric algorithm with high degrees of similarity. The purpose of the study. To develop a methodology for detecting digital morphed photographic portraits based on the artifact segmentation model for solving biometric identification problems. Results. A methodology for detecting digital morphed photographic portraits based on an artefact segmentation model in RGB colour space is proposed. Practical significance. The obtained methodology can be used in the BS before the biometric algorithm in order to protect the system from the corresponding type of attacks on these systems.