bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPME-GCMS combined AMDIS and KOVÁTS retention index to analyze the volatile organic compounds in Russula rubra (Krombh.) Bres. essential oil
Authors: Zhao Chao , Quan Wenxuan , Ding Guijie
Published: February 2022

Volatile components in Russula rubra (Krombh.) Bres. were determined with the use of a solid-phase microextraction (SPME)/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The compounds were identified by the automatic mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS) and Kováts retention index (RI). Under the optimized conditions of GC-MS, 52 volatile components were identified in Russula rubra, with the relative percentage accounting for 80.2% of the total ion peak. Notably, aristolone (20.4%), benzaldehyde (20.2%), geranyl acetone (11.0%), and 3-octanone (10.7%) were all at higher levels in samples. The main identified compounds were aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, ethers, and alkanes.
Range of color changes of beech wood in the steaming process
Authors: Dzurenda Ladislav
Published: February 2022

Changes in color were evaluated for beech wood Fagus sylvatica L., caused by a steaming process using either a mixture of saturated steam and air or saturated water steam in the temperature range: t = 95 °C to 125 °C for a duration of T = 3 h to 12 h. The initially light white-gray color of beech wood with a yellow tint darkened during the thermal treatment process. It changed to a pale pink-brown and then to dark brown color. According to the visible changes in the color of beech wood obtained by the thermal treatment process with the human eye, , a color scale was proposed as a means to categorize the severity of treatment. The color ranged from a pale pink-brown color to a dark brown-red color depending on the value of the total color difference ∆E*.
Application of multi-camera digital image correlation in the stability study of the long timber column with the circular cross-section under axial compression
Authors: Li Hongmin , Dai Yuntong , Qiu Hongxing , He Xiaoyuan
Published: February 2022

Displacement meter synthesis (DMS), as a traditional method, is widely used to capture the local deformation of a specimen. However, for axis-symmetrical circular columns, the axial compression instability cannot be accurately evaluated using the DMS method due to the uncertain bending direction. To address this problem, a 360° full-surface digital image correlation (DIC) system composed of eight cameras is proposed to capture the full-field deformation information of the column surfaces under axial compression. The objective of this study was to experimentally validate the efficiency of the proposed novel measurement in tracking the full-filled compressive deformation of a long wooden column with the circular cross-section. The test results showed that the columns experience instable failure. The multi-camera DIC system can completely reconstruct the three-dimensional shape of the circular column and obtain the whole process deformation state at any position on the surface of the timber column. The DIC method also can capture the uncertain lateral deformation direction and obtain the data of lateral deflection at the mid-span of timber columns. The multi-camera DIC provides an intuitive and comprehensive new test method for the test and analysis of the stability of axisymmetric long timber columns.
A high-performance electrode based on reduced graphene oxide/lignosulfonate/carbon microspheres film for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Ren Ruquan , Zhong Yan , Fan Yongming
Published: February 2022

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) flexible film pillared with lignosulfonate (LS) and carbon microspheres (CM) was fabricated via a facile vacuum-filtration process to serve as a high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors. Composite electrodes comprising graphene and biomass materials have the advantages of being flexible, lightweight, cheap, and environmentally friendly. The addition of LS and CM between the RGO layers mitigated the self-restacking of reduced graphene oxide flakes. Composite film electrode displayed a high specific capacitance of 641 mF cm-2 at 0.2 mA cm-2, which was much higher than that of the RGO film (117.9 mF cm-2). The present findings indicate a great potential of the graphene films composited with biomass materials in fabricating flexible supercapacitor electrodes.
Effects of annual ring number and width on ultrasonic waves in some softwood species
Authors: Aydın Murat
Published: February 2022

The effect of annual ring number and width on the longitudinal (P) and transverse (S) ultrasonic wave velocities in the radial direction of black pine, Scots pine, Turkish red pine, and cedar softwoods was evaluated in this study. Annual rings were evaluated using high-resolution images captured with a Lumix camera. The 2.25 MHz P and 1 MHz S wave frequencies were propagated through the radial direction of small clear samples. An increase in ring number caused different changes in the P and S wave velocities. Only Scots pine and cedar presented continuous decreases in P and S wave velocities with the increase in annual rings. On the contrary, VR of Red pine slightly decreased and surpassed the initial value when the ring numbers increased from 5 to 10 and 15, respectively. Furthermore, the greatest decrease (4%) in the velocities was observed for VRL of Red pine. According to one-way ANOVA results, significant relations were only observed for VR vs. ring number of Black pine and cedar. R2 values ranged from 0.0001 (Red pine VR) to 0.18 (Cedar VR) for ring number and 0.0002 (Cedar VR) to 0.44 (Scots pine VR) for ring width. Furthermore, ANOVA results for linear regression analysis showed that VR of Scots pine and VR, VRL, VRT of Red pine can be statistically significantly predicted by the ring widths.
Alkaloids from tobacco leaves: Isolation, alkaloid contents, and potential application as a natural pesticide against Bactrocera dorsalis
Authors: Wang Wenda , Yao Jianhua , Cao Xiufang
Published: February 2022

The essential oils from three different kinds of discarded tobacco leaves (flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, and sun-cured yellow tobacco) were extracted and isolated, and their isolation method, alkaloid contents, and potential application as a natural pesticide against Bactrocera dorsalis were investigated. The yields of the crude extracts were ranked as follows: sun-cured yellow tobacco was greater than flue-cured tobacco, which was greater than burley tobacco; all their alkaloid contents were analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The total contents of the 4 primary alkaloids (nicotine, anatabine, nornicotine, and anabasine) in the extracts were as follows: flue-cured tobacco (62.1%) was greater than sun-cured yellow tobacco (58.2%), which was greater than burley tobacco (50.7%). The insecticidal activities of the extracts against Bactrocera dorsalis were evaluated via the stomach poisoning method, and the results indicated that sex had no considerable effect on the activity. Surprisingly, the activity of burley tobacco, which contained the lowest nicotine content, showed the best toxicity against Bactrocera dorsalis.
Activated carbon prepared from corn biomass by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide
Authors: Doczekalska Beata , Bartkowiak Monika , Łopatka Hubert , Zborowska Magdalena
Published: February 2022

With the depletion of fossil fuel feedstocks, the lignocellulosic biomass, including the agro-wastes, can serve as the best alternative source to produce activated carbons (ACs). Corn biomass (corn leaves, stalks, cobs without kernels, silk, and kernels) were used to produce ACs in a two-step process. Crushed plant material was carbonized at 600 °C and then the obtained carbon was activated using potassium hydroxide at 750 °C. The content and type of surface oxygen functional groups were determined by the Boehm method and infrared spectroscopy. The porous structure of the obtained AC was determined by the nitrogen adsorption/desorption method at -196 °C, and the thermal resistance by the thermogravimetric method. The iodine number was also determined. The ACs derived from corn biomass were characterized with surfaces rich in chemical groups and revealed a highly developed porous structure. The specific BET surface area ranged from 1600 m2/g to 1965 m2/g. High values of iodine number approx. 1300 mg/g, indicated an extensive system of pores and their good adsorption properties.
Flexural properties of visually graded southern pine 2×4 and 2×6 structural lumber
Authors: França Tamara S. F. A. , França Frederico F. N. , Seale R. Daniel , Ross Robert J. , Shmulsky Rubin
Published: February 2022

Flexural properties of visually graded southern pine structural lumber were evaluated. Several grade controlling characteristics were considered relative to bending properties and compared with current design values. A total of 751 southern pine lumber specimens were obtained from a broad spectrum of regions in the southeastern United States. Visually graded No. 2, nominally two inch thick specimens, in four and six inch widths, were obtained from commercial sawmills. All specimens were evaluated by a certified grader in the laboratory. Actual dimensions, weight, and moisture content (MC) were measured. Growth and manufacturing related characteristics were identified and classified into two categories: strength reducing characteristics (SRC) and grade reducing characteristics (GRC). Specific gravity (SG), bending modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR), were determined for each specimen. The presence of knots was identified as the most significant SRC; their presence had the most significant impact on SG, MOE and MOR. For GRC, specimens with knots, warp and specimens that fell into the category none, were significantly lower in SG, MOE and MOR. MOE and the allowable design bending strength values yielded in this study met the current design value criteria for both widths tested.
Production and detoxification of inhibitors during the destruction of lignocellulose spatial structure
Authors: Luo Xingxing , Zeng Baiquan , Zhong Yanan , Chen Jienan
Published: February 2022

Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable resource that is widely abundant and can be used to produce biofuels such as methanol and ethanol. Because biofuels have the potential to alleviate shortages of energy in today’s world, they have attracted much research attention. The pretreatment of lignocellulose is an important step in the conversion of biomass products. The pretreatment can destroy the crosslinking effect of lignin and hemicellulose on cellulose, remove lignin, degrade hemicellulose, and change the crystal structure of cellulose. The reaction area between the enzyme and the substrate is enlarged, and the yield of subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation products is significantly increased. Conventional pretreatment methods help convert lignocellulosic material to sugars, but the treatments also produce some inhibitors, which are mainly organic acids, aldehydes, phenols, and other substances. They may affect the subsequent saccharification and growth of fermentation microorganisms, thereby reducing the bioconversion of the lignocellulose. It is therefore necessary to take effective means of detoxification. This paper reviews lignocellulose pretreatment methods, with an emphasis on inhibitors and their management. A summary is provided of detoxification methods, and the future use of lignocellulosic biomass for fuels prospects.
Prospects, Opportunities and Difficulties of Creating Digital Dostoevsky in Traditional Russian Orthography
Authors: Skulkin Artyom
Published: February 2022

The article considers the need to republish the texts of classical Russian literature in general, as well as the creative heritage of F. M. Dostoevsky in particular, in the author's orthography. The author analyzes the key cultural and technological obstacles on the path to drawing the attention of the public and the scientific community to the problem of insufficient number of books published in traditional orthography. A set of practices and solutions that contribute to changing the current situation in the long and short term is proposed. Based on historical experience, as well as the work of modern researchers in the field of textual studies, the socio-cultural functioning of traditional spelling in Russia at the present time is highlighted. This is the language in which the Russian classics were created. Rehabilitation and functioning of traditional spelling involves the capacity to write and publish your texts in scientific and business communication. It is necessary to encourage the use of traditional orthography in professional literary-critical and linguistic activities. Technical issues need to be addressed, in particular, the introduction of a new standard for the Russian keyboard layout, the development of information and reference services on the history of the Russian language, tools and technologies for creating electronic texts. Creating the digital Dostoevsky can help solve the problems of the variable use of traditional Russian writing.
National-civil values: regional dimension in the All-Ukrainian context
Authors:   I.F. Kuras Institute of Political and Ethnic Studies National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 8, General Almazova Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Kotygorenko V. O.
Published: February 2022

Unlike the scientific terms and concepts, which help to learn about reality, the terms and concepts of legislation affect the formation of this reality. In 2019, the Parliament of Ukraine adopted the law “Onto Ensuring the Functioning of the Ukrainian Language as the State Language”. In this act, there is an immanently contradictory postulate, according to which two Ukrainian nations form the Ukrainian society: ethnic and civil, where the former is a systemic component of the latter. Since then, all branches of state power, politicians, scientists, and the general public should understand which values of Ukrainians should be considered national and be protected and cultivated: Ukrainian national-ethnic or Ukrainian national-civic. To prevent such potentially conflicting contradictions, the article uses the phrase “national-civil values” as a synonym for the term “national values”. Both are derived from the idea and understanding of the modern Ukrainian nation as citizens of Ukrainian and all other ethnic identities, united by values mutual compatible with the ethno-Ukrainian majority in a community within which individual and group ethnic, cultural, linguistic, religious, regional, political and other differences persist. As reasoned in the article, this is how the Ukrainian nation is perceived by the majority of the country’s population. This position is consistent with the recommendation of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) 1735 (2006) dated January 26, 2006, entitled “The Concept of “Nation”. Sources of information on the research problem were the results of mass surveys that represent the entire population of Ukraine and its regions, conducted by respectful sociological institutions. Based on these materials’ analytical and synthetic processing, an array of facts has been formed that show the trends and specifics of the All-Ukrainian and regional dynamics of national-civil values with the most significant integrative potential. It shows Ukrainian nation as a multifaceted civil society with an ethno-Ukrainian core, Ukrainian citizenship, a sense of patriotism and pride in belonging to the community of Ukrainian citizens, and the Independence of the Ukrainian state.
Variability of the structure of winter microbial communities in Chelyabinsk lakes
Authors: Andreeva S. V. , Filippova Y. Y. , Devyatova E. V. , Nokhrin D. Y.
Published: February 2022

Microorganisms form complex and dynamic communities that play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles of lakes. A high level of urbanization is currently a serious threat to bacterial communities and the ecosystem of freshwater bodies. To assess the contribution of anthropogenic load to variations in the structure of winter microbial communities in lakes, microorganisms of four water bodies of Chelyabinsk region were studied for the first time. We used cultural, chromatography-mass spectrometric, and modern methods of statistical data processing (particularly, multivariate exploratory analysis and canonical analysis of correspondences). The research showed that the composition of winter microbial communities in lakes Chebarkul’, Smolino, Pervoye, and Shershenevskoye Reservoir did not differ significantly between the main phyla of microorganisms. The dominant microorganisms were found to be of the Firmicutes phylum and Actinobacteria phylum. The structure of bacterial communities had special features depending on the characteristics of the water body and the sampling depths. Thus, in the lakes Smolino, Pervoye, and Shershenevskoye Reservoir, an important role was played by associations between microorganisms – indicators of fecal contamination: coliform bacteria and Enterococcus. On the contrary, in Chebarkul’ Lake, members of the genus Bacillus, which are natural bioremediators, formed stable winter associations. However, the differences between water bodies and sampling depths reflected 28.1% and 9.8% of the variability of the winter microbial communities, respectively. The largest contribution (about 60%) to the variability of the structure was made by intra-water processes, which determined the high heterogeneity of samples from different water areas. We assume that an important role in this variability was played by the high anthropogenic impact in a large industrial metropolis. In our opinion, this line of research is very promising for addressing key environmental issues.
Seasonal variation in the diet and the morphometric parameters of the genus Pseudo-phoxinus sp. (Cyprinidae) in Eastern Algeria
Authors: Salhi S. , Chaibi R. , Badache H. , Hamidouche M. , Laouar R.
Published: February 2022

The diet and the morphometric parameters of the Pseudophoxinus sp. (Cyprinidae) in the El Mellah ravine (M’sila, Algeria) were studied by determining body measurements and analyzing the contents of digestive tracts of 320 fish from December 2018 to November 2019. The obtained results show marked diversity within the fish species diets, which can be grouped into three main fractions: (i) a plant fraction; (ii) an animal fraction composed mainly of invertebrate prey; and (iii) fraction consisting of fish eggs (digested by males during the breeding season). The plant fraction was present in all the analyzed digestive tracts, mainly being composed of phytoplankton (algae), namely, Spirogyra sp., Melosira sp. and Navicula sp. with the total relative abundances of 38.7%, 34.4% and 4.1%, respectively. On the other hand, the animal fraction was represented by the Chironomus sp., Austrosimulium sp., and Ecdyonurus sp. dipterans with a total relative abundance of 7.3%, 6.7% and 5.9%, respectively. Pseudophoxinus sp. eggs can also be considered as part of this fraction with the total relative abundance of 2.9%. The age of the fish seems to have an influence on their feeding behaviour. The juveniles of Pseudophoxinus sp. in the study area had a purely phytophagous diet, while adults showed a phytophagous behaviour with an omnivorous tendency. The present study shows that not only the age of the fish but also the seasonal changes (climatic conditions and entry into the breeding season) may have a significant influence on the diet and morphometric parameters of Pseudophoxinus sp. in El Mellah ravine.
Endoparasitoses of the Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) on the northern Black Sea coast of Ukraine
Authors: Bogach M. , Paliy A. , Liulin P. , Bohach O. , Palii A.
Published: February 2022

One of the main tasks of ecological parasitology at the present stage is to determine patterns of spread of invasive diseases of poultry in the environment through a thorough epidemiological examination, as well as to determine the main directions and factors of spread of parasites in Ukraine. Some pigeon health problems can affect their populations, but parasitic infections play an important role. Our research found that 83.3% of Eurasian collared doves examined (Streptopelia decaocto) were affected by endoparasites. The commonest helminths were Raillietina spp. with the average invasion intensity of 4.9 ± 1.3 specimens/ind., Baruscapillaria spp. and Ascaridia columbae with an invasion intensity of 4.6 ± 1.5 and 3.7 ± 2.1 specimens/ind., respectively. The commonest cestodes were Raillietina spp. with the extent of invasion of 52.2% and Davainea proglottina – 6.7%. The Amoebotaenia cuneata cestodes were recorded in 3 (3.3%) doves, and Echinolepis carioca – only in 2 (2.2%) doves. Six doves (6.7%) were infected with the nematode Ascaridia columbae and 5 (5.6%) – Baruscapillaria spp. Eimerian oocysts were found in 9 (10%) collared doves, and Trichomonas gallinae was recorded in 15 (16.7%) birds. According to the results of helminthological autopsy and identification of the isolated pathogens, 8 varieties of mixinvasions were identified. In association with the Rayetins, there were the protozoa Eimeria spp. and Trichomonas gallinae and the nematode Ascaridia columbae. Two-component invasions were registered in 78.6% of doves, three-component infestations in 14.3% and four-component infestations in 7.1% of birds. Mixed infection with Raillietina spp. + Ascaridia columbae was found in the small intestine of Streptopelia decaocto, which was also pathomorphologically observed to have catarrhal-hemorrhagic enteritis, which was accompanied by the formation of a large number of spotted hemorrhages on the mucous membrane, and in the places of attachment of cestodes - necrotic-caseous areas. Temperature and other weather conditions such as humidity, precipitation, etc. of the northern Black Sea coast affect the population size of intermediate host cestodes. Continuous monitoring of invasive diseases of pigeons of different species will help to take the necessary preventive measures against endoparasitoses of birds.
Ecology of Laridae under conditions of unstable hydrological regime: colony sizes and synchronization of reproduction
Authors: Melnikov Y. I.
Published: February 2022

The problem of criteria for distinguishing colonies from similar socio-demographic structures (mainly in terms of nesting density) is highly relevant and has remained in the focus of attention of ornithologists for a long time. The synchronization of reproduction in a colony is one of the criteria which require special development. Based on particular works (1972–2005), I present synchronization of the reproduction of gulls in colonies of different sizes. In contrast to previous studies, this paper uses a specially developed Index of Synchronization of Bird Breeding (Isr) to study this phenomenon, making it relatively easy to determine its level. The index distinguishes between different species of birds of this group: 75.7% (white-winged black tern) and 97.6% (black-headed gull) of the total variability of synchronization of breeding birds in colonies. Frequent failure of nesting attempts often causes repeated (compensatory) reproduction, which in the case of a mass manifestation significantly reduces the synchronization of the nesting period in colonies and thus significantly reduces this indicator. It is proved that a higher synchronization of reproduction characterizes small colonies (up to 50 nests). In all species of gulls, the beginning of reproduction in different colonies differs in terms of the appearance of the first eggs by 1–10 days and at the beginning of mass egg-laying – by 1–18 days. To the same extent, they differ in the timing of the hatching of eggs. In small colonies, the total egg-laying period is shorter by 34.9–49.7% compared to larger colonies. My observations show that large colonies are formed by the nesting of several small colonies on one plot. This phenomenon is noticeable during periods of mass re-nesting of birds after a high loss of nests (up to 69.5% or more) because of severe flooding. Differences in the breeding periods of colonies that differ in size appear when several small colonies with different breeding periods of birds are combined into one larger colony. This phenomenon is well detected in the formation of several sub-colonies and in the differences in the timing of reproduction of different parts of a large colony.
Application of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques in
supporting the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases
Authors:   Katedra i Zakład Farmakologii,
            Uniwersytet Medyczny we Wrocławiu, Wrocław, Polska, Belowska-Bień Kinga , Bień Bartosz ,   SPIN Software, Wrocław,
            Polska
Published: February 2022

The first two decades of the 21st century have seen great advances in artificial
intelligence and machine learning. The techniques have found their way into everyday
life, for example in smartphones, search engines, digital customer assistants, motion
control systems, and biomedical devices. The aims of this paper are to outline the
possibilities for using artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques in
supporting the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases, and to discuss selected
applications of these techniques based on the most recent published reports. First,
contemporary definitions of artificial intelligence and machine learning are presented.
This is followed by a review of the most important techniques for intelligent data
processing: search methods, mathematical logic, probabilistic methods, classifiers, and
artificial neural networks (including deep and convolutional networks). Areas of
application of these techniques in medicine are identified, including disease diagnosis
and support of treatment as well as monitoring and prediction of changes in health
status. The role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in neuroscience is
presented, together with examples of diagnostic applications based on anatomical,
morphological and functional brain connectivity data. Sample applications of intelligent
techniques in supporting the treatment (including surgical management) of nervous system
diseases are also described. Ambient smart devices monitoring the health status of
patients with chronic neurological conditions are discussed, and selected projects based
on smart techniques to support early detection of symptoms of neurodegenerative
disorders are described. The conclusions highlight the potential of the techniques, as
well as the challenges and risks associated with them. A possible synergy between
intelligent systems and actions taken by medical staff is outlined as a way to improve
the safety and quality of life of patients with acute and chronic neurological
diseases.
Transcutaneous B-mode ultrasound (TUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)
pattern of mediastinal tumors: a pictorial essay
Authors:   Interdisciplinary Centre of
            Ultrasound Diagnostics, Zadeh Ehsan Safai ,   Gastroenterology,
            Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Giessen and
            Marburg, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstraße Marburg, Germany, Dietrich Christoph Frank ,   Department Allgemeine Innere
            Medizin (DAIM), Kliniken Hirslanden Bern, Beau Site, Salem und Permanence,
            Switzerland, Trenker Corinna ,   Haematology, Oncology and
            Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg,
            Germany, Alhayri Amjad ,   Interdisciplinary Centre of
            Ultrasound Diagnostics; Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical
            Infectiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg,
            Baldingerstraße Marburg, Germany, Görg Christian ,   Interdisciplinary Centre of
            Ultrasound Diagnostics; Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical
            Infectiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University Marburg,
            Baldingerstraße Marburg, Germany
Published: February 2022

Sound reflection from bony structures and from air-filled lung parenchyma limits
transcutaneous B-mode thoracic ultrasound of the mediastinum. Computed tomography and
magnetic resonance imaging of the thorax are the primary overview imaging modalities for
mediastinal pathologies. However, pathological processes originating from the
mediastinum can be sonographically visualized and evaluated in the presence of
displacing or infiltrative growth. The aim of this pictorial essay is to demonstrate
contrast-enhanced ultrasound as a method complementing B-mode ultrasound, computed
tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of mediastinal tumors,
taking into account the clinical background. The characteristic perfusion patterns of
mediastinal pathology are presented.
Palsy of the posterior interosseous nerve treated by targeted ultrasound-guided perineural hydrodissection
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, Japan, Tsujino Shohei , Seki Yasuhiro ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, Japan, Maehara Manabu ,   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, Japan, Shirasawa Shinichi ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, Japan
Published: February 2022

Perineural hydrodissection is a minimally invasive technique using an injection of fluid to dissect the perineural plane and tissue space. This report describes a case of palsy of the descending branch of the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) which was recovered by targeted ultrasound-guided perineural hydrodissection. Ultrasonographic examination was performed, and multiple stenotic lesions interrupted by hyperechoic bands within the fascicles of the PIN were found. Using ultrasonography, perineural hydrodissection was performed four times every other week. Fifteen weeks after the first hydrodissection, there was no restriction in the patient’s thumb and fingers movement, and ultrasonography revealed that multiple stenotic lesions had improved. Today, surgical treatment is recommended for patients with complete nerve constriction. However, there is no standardized approach for patients with incomplete or without nerve constriction. Ultrasound-guided perineural hydrodissection is a noninvasive and easy method. This procedure could be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic modality for the management of the disease.
Axillary adenopathy after COVID-19 vaccine in patients undergoing breast ultrasound
Authors:   Radiology Section, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132 Genoa, Italy, De Giorgis Sara , Garlaschi Alessandro ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Brunetti Nicole ,   Radiology Section, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Tosto Simona ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Rescinito Giuseppe ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Monetti Francesco ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Oddone Claudio ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Massa Barbara ,   Cyto-Histopathological Unit, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Pitto Francesca ,   Cyto-Histopathological Unit, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Calabrese Massimo ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy, Tagliafico Alberto Stefano ,   Radiology Section, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132 Genoa, Italy,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS – Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Published: February 2022

After COVID-19 vaccination, a spectrum of axillary lymphadenopathy were observed in patients undergoing routine breast ultrasound. Malignancy remains the most serious differential in cases of unilateral axillary adenopathy. Knowledge of axillary ultrasound findings after COVID-19 vaccination is essential to prevent unnecessary biopsy or change in therapy in oncological patients. From March to May 2021, 10 female patients underwent breast ultrasound in our Department for the evaluation of axillary lumps. All the patients received their first or second dose of COVID-19 vaccine 20–30 days before the exam in the same extremity of the ultrasound evaluation where lymphadenopathy was found. Five patients had a personal history of previous breast cancer, and the radiologist decided to perform a core biopsy (the histology was negative for malignancy). The other five patients with no personal history of cancer underwent ultrasound and returned after a short-term follow-up. Regression of the enlarged lymph nodes was found.
Hamilton Triangle of a Triangle in the Isotropic Plane
Authors: Kolar-Begović Zdenka , Volenec Vladimir
Published: February 2022

In this paper we introduce the concept of the Hamilton triangle of a given triangle in an isotropic plane and investigate a number of important properties of this concept. We prove that the Hamilton triangle is homological with the observed triangle and with its contact and complementary triangles. We also consider some interesting statements about the relationships between the Hamilton triangle and some other significant elements of the triangle, like e.g. the Euler and the Feuerbach line, the Steiner ellipse and the tangential triangle.
On the Mean Value of Arithmetic Error Terms
Authors: Pintz János
Published: February 2022

In the 1980’s the author proved lower bounds for the mean value of the modulus of the error term of the prime number theorem and other important number theoretic functions whose oscillation is in connection with the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. In the present work a general theorem is shown in a simple way which gives a lower bound for the mentioned mean value as a function of a hypothetical pole of the Mellin transform of the function. The conditions are amply satisfied for the Riemann zeta function. In such a way the results recover the earlier ones (even in a slightly sharper form). The obtained estimates are often optimal apart from a constant factor, at least under reasonable conditions as the Riemann Hypothesis. This is the case, in particular, for the error term of the prime number theorem.
Correlation between physical characteristics of the indoor environment toward the concentration of fungi in the inpatient rooms of dr. Soebandi Regional Hospital Jember, East Java
Authors: Hamzah Salsabilla Maula Zalfa El , Setyawardani Astuti , Semita I Nyoman , Agustina Dini
Published: February 2022

Background and purpose: Air quality is an important determinant of a healthy life. One indicator of air pollutants in the room is fungi, which in hospital setting may cause nosocomial infection. This research aims to find out a correlation between physical characteristics of the indoor environment Â toward the concentration of fungi in the inpatient rooms of dr. Soebandi Regional Hospital Jember, East Java.Methods: This research uses a cross-sectional method with a total of four inpatient rooms. We measured physical room characteristics including room temperature, humidity, light intensity, and room density. The concentration of fungi was measured by collecting air sample using passive air sampling method with a potato dextrose agar as the media to optimize the fungal growth. The data was processed with Saphiro-Wilk and Pearson correlation analysis using SPSS 25.0.Results: The ranges of room temperature and humidity were 29.6-32.2Â°C and 41-59%, respectively; while the light intensity and room density were 10-30 and 1.88-2.38 person/10 m2. The bivariate analysis showed a correlation between two components of physical characteristic of the indoor environment, room temperature and room density, with the concentration Â of fungi.Conclusion: There is a correlation between room temperature and room density with the concentration of fungi in the inpatient rooms of dr. Soebandi Regional Hospital Jember. The management of hospitals should take measures to improve the air quality within inpatient rooms.
Factors affecting tuberculosis cadres’ motivation in the detection of tuberculosis cases in Kediri City, Indonesia
Authors: Prihanti Gita Sekar , Herwanto Eko Setyo , Prakoso Galih Bayu , Pandya Gusti Gandha , Ghesa Cha Cha Astrid , Oktavin Hiolda Lubvianda , Fitriana Yulanda
Published: February 2022

Background and purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The high incidence of TB acquires the active role of TB cadres in TB case finding. Motivation is an important factor that support the performance of TB cadres. This study aims to explore factors that affect the motivation of TB cadres case detection rate of TB.Methods: This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional study design, conducted in Kediri City. A total sampling technique was applied with a total of 59 TB cadres in the working area of Sukorame Public Health Center, in Kediri City. TB cadres filled in a questionnaire containing questions about sociodemographic, attitudes, knowledge, and motivation with a total of 39 questions. Data were analyzed with univariate descriptive statistics, bivariate test by Fisher and Chi Square tests and followed by multivariate analysis using logistic regression.Results: Of the 59 cadres, 37 (67.2%) have a good motivation on TB case findings. The results of multivariate analysis showed that there were four independent variables which have a significant association with the motivation of TB cadres, including age, education, jobs and incentive. Cadres who are 41-60 years have better motivation compared to 25-40 years (OR=31.49; 95%CI: 2.373-417.907; p=0.009), cadres who have higher education (university/college) have better motivation (OR=36.957; 95%CI: 2.389-571.805; p=0.010). While those who not getting incentives (OR=0.100; 95%CI: 0.013-0.758; p=0.026) and having a job (OR=0.120; 95%CI: 0.021-0.670; p=0.016) were less likely to have a good motivation.Conclusion: Motivation of TB cadres in Kediri City is influenced by intrinsic factors (age, education and employment) and extrinsic factor (incentive). Providing appropriate incentive will significantly boost cadre motivation and relevant stakeholders should consider making this strategy sustainable.
The relationship between inter-pregnancy interval and gestational age with labor complications at the Sele Be Solu Regional Public Hospital of Sorong City, West Papua
Authors: Pajala Fegita Beatrix , Suwangto Erfen Gustiawan , Astiarani Yunisa , Padang Astrid Fransisca
Published: February 2022

Background and purpose: Labor complications are conditions during or after labor that can threaten life of the mother and the baby to be born. Some factors have been associated with labor complications, including inter-pregnancy interval and gestational age. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between inter-pregnancy interval and gestational age with labor complications at the Sele Be Solu Regional Public Hospital of Sorong City.Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The samples of this study were pregnant women who gave birth at the Sele Be Solu Regional Public Hospital of Sorong City in 2016-2018 and met the inclusion criteria. We used secondary data from the medical records retrieved in July to August 2019. We retrieved mothers’ identities (age, education, employment status), inter-pregnancy interval, gestational age and labor complications. A number of 261 samples (121 with labor complications and 140 without labor complications) were selected using convenience sampling technique. Descriptive analysis and Chi-Square test with SPSS 25.0 were performed.Results: Most of the mothers (85.8%) were in the non-high-risk age group, graduated from senior high school or above (82%), were not employed/housewives (68.6%), the majority (67.8%) of inter-pregnancy interval was in the non-high-risk group, more than half (52.5%) of gestational age was in the high-risk group and the most common type of complications (17.2%) was the premature rupture of membranes. There were significant relationship between age (p<0.001; OR=5.201; 95%CI: 2.275-11.889), inter-pregnancy interval (p<0.001; OR=2.955; 95%CI: 1.722-5.070) and gestational age (p<0.001; OR=4.606; 95%CI: 2.722-7.794) with labor complications. There were no relationship between education (p=0.166; OR=0.599; 95%CI: 0.312-1.151) and employment status (p=0.230; OR=1.428; 95%CI: 0.845-2.412) with labor complications.Conclusions: There are significant relationship between inter-pregnancy interval and gestational age with labor complications. Health offices and health workers have an essential role in minimizing the risk of labor complications by providing early detection of possible labor complications and active counseling to the community especially women of childbearing age.
How Does Islamic Organizations Respond to COVID-19 in Indonesia? A Case Study
Authors: Rahvy Aisyah Putri , Ridlo Ilham Akhsanu
Published: February 2022

Background and purpose: Indonesia has made several regulations to tackle the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including large scale social limitation (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB)). This regulation is related to physical distancing in all sectors and activities, including religious activities. But efforts made by government and other organizations are not enough to ensure society that these regulations will not affect their religiosity. To strengthen this policy, majelis ulama Indonesia (MUI) and other Islamic organizations have made fatwa and official statement about how worships, especially those which are done in groups should be conducted during this pandemic. This paper aims to provide report and analysis of Islamic organizations response during pandemic in relation to Islamic worships during COVID-19 pandemic in IndonesiaMethods: This is a case study of Islamic organizations response during pandemic. It includes Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Muhammadiyah, and Nahdlatul Ulama responses (fatwa and official statement) to this issue and public responses as well. COVID-19 case also compared to vaccine hesitancy case, due to similarities of Islamic organization response between them.Results: Some fatwas had been made by MUI as response to Islamic worships performance during pandemic. But still there were cases like Banjarbaru and Solo case, indicating that fatwas could not guarantee the success of COVID-19 prevention in religious worships.Conclusion: Religious and community leaders are needed to strengthen government move by helping government promote and educate people about health issues from religious perspectives. Moreover, some kinds of punishment made by government are needed to strengthen fatwas and rulings, as most of these religious opinions do not have legal enforcement.
Association between Stress, Depression and Anxiety with Body Fat Percentage among Medical Students of Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of Atma Jaya Catholic University
Authors: Dewi Sheilla , Tenggara Riki , Hasan Surilena
Published: February 2022

Background and purpose: Medical students have higher rate of stress, depression and anxiety compared to the general population of the same age and are at risk of having high level of body fat percentage. The objective of this study is to determine the association between stress, depression and anxiety with body fat percentage among medical students.Methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out among 90 undergraduate medical students of Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of Atma Jaya Catholic University, North Jakarta, from January to March 2019. Sampling was performed by using the stratified proportional random sampling method. Stress, depression and anxiety were measured with Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 and body fat percentage was measured with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. Data analysis was performed by using Spearman correlation.Results: Based on sociodemographic characteristics, the respondents were mostly 19 years old, female and 1st year students. This study shows that 34.4% of respondents had stress, 22.2% had depression and 48.9% had anxiety. This study shows that 62.1% of the male respondents and 32.8% of the female respondents had high body fat percentage. Spearman analysis showed moderate positive correlation between stress (r=0.505), depression (r=0,403) and anxiety (r=0,485) with body fat percentage among the respondents.Conclusion: There is a significant association between stress, depression and anxiety with body fat percentage among medical students. This study intends to be an input for educational institutions to screen for mental health problems (stress, depression and anxiety) as well as body fat percentage in students that may affect their well-being and learning process so that they can be diagnosed and intervened as early as possible.
Efficacy of sport and slow stroke back massage as a non-pharmacological therapy to lower blood pressure in elderly with chronic hypertension
Authors: Azmy Liza Ulil , Subrata I Made , Suariyani Ni Luh Putu
Published: February 2022

Background and purpose: The prevalence of hypertension has been increasing along with the increasing elderly population. Non-pharmacological therapies such as sports and slow stroke back massage offer a potential adjuvant therapy for elderly patient with chronic hypertension. This study aims to determine the efficacy of sports and slow stroke back massage as non-pharmacological therapies to lower blood pressure in this age group.Methods: This study was a Parallel Group Randomized Controlled Trial, conducted in Patrang, Jember, East Java. The study involved a total of 72 elderly aged between 60 to 79 years old who had blood pressure of ≥140/90mmHg, and not taking antihypertensive drugs. The study participants were assigned randomly into three groups namely, the sports massage, slow stroke back massage, and control groups. Subject characteristics, stress level, physical activity level and eating habit were collected through structured interview using standardized questionnaires (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, Food Frequency Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21)). Blood pressure measurements were done twice, before and after treatment. Before and after comparison was conducted with Wilcoxon test, between group comparison was conducted with Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test.Results: The average systolic blood pressures before and after sports massage were 168.96±SD 16.02 mmHg and 147.50±SD 15.95 mmHg, respectively. For the slow stroke back massage was 165.42±12.50 mmHg before treatment and 154.58±16.15 mmHg after treatment. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures before and after treatment in the treatment groups (sports massage and slow stroke back massage) were statistically different from the control group (p <0.05). Further, the Mann Whitney results indicated that slow stroke back massage was more effective than sports massage in lowering blood pressure in elderly with hypertension.Conclusions: Sport massage and slow stroke back massage are effective as a non-pharmacological therapy in lowering blood pressure in elderly with hypertension. These non-pharmacological therapies should be considered for controlling blood pressure in elderly.