bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПОРУШЕНЬ ВУГЛЕВОДНОГО ТА ЛІПІДНОГО МЕТАБОЛІЗМУ У ХВОРИХ НА ГОСТРИЙ ІНФАРКТ МІОКАРДА З НОРМАЛЬНОЮ І ПІДВИЩЕНОЮ МАСОЮ ТІЛА
Authors: Швед М. І. , Ястремська І. О.
Published: December 2021

Вступ. За розповсюдженістю та несприятливими наслідками гострий інфаркт міокарда (ІМ) залишається однією з актуальних проблем кардіології протягом багатьох років.

Мета дослідження – провести порівняльний аналіз показників метаболізму вуглеводного та ліпідного обміну у хворих на інфаркт міокарда з нормальним і підвищеним індексом маси тіла та осіб з метаболічним синдромом.

Методи дослідження. У дослідження було включено 77 чоловіків, хворих на гострий ІМ з елевацією сегмента ST. У всіх пацієнтів визначали масу тіла (кг), зріст (м), індекс маси тіла (ІМТ, кг/м2), окружність талії (ОТ, см) і окружність стегон (ОС, см), відношення ОТ/ОС. За ІМТ хворих поділили на 3 групи: нормальна маса тіла (18,5<ІМТ<24,9 кг/м2) – 1-ша група (n=23); надлишкова маса тіла (25<ІМТ<29,9 кг/м2) – 2-га група (n=33); ожиріння (ІМТ>30 кг/м2) – 3-тя група (n=21). Під час біохімічного дослідження визначали рівні кардіальних тропонінів І та Т, МВ-фракції креатинфосфокінази (КФК-МВ), ліпідного спектра крові, глікемії і концентрації інсуліну у вихідному стані, натще після 8-годинного голодування та на 12-ту добу. Одночасно у хворих визначали також постпрандіальні рівні глікемії, а при необхідності проводили тест на толерантність до вуглеводів за загальноприйнятою методикою. Статистичну обробку отриманих результатів виконували за допомогою пакета статистичних програм Statistica 10.0 та програми Microsoft Exel-2013.

Результати й обговорення. У вихідному стані в більшості пацієнтів усіх досліджуваних груп показники ОТ і ОТ/ОС перевищували верхню межу гендерної норми: в 1-й групі – у 69,5 % (n=16), у 2-й – у 81,8 % (n=27), в 3-й – у 85,7 % (n=18) хворих (р<0,05), що свідчить про дисметаболічні порушення в організмі не лише хворих з надлишковою масою тіла та ожирінням, але й пацієнтів з нормальною масою тіла. Одночасно в цих пацієнтів діагностували гіперглікемію, гіперінсулінемію та атерогенну дисліпопротеїнемію.

Висновок. Розвиток інсулінорезистентності й метаболічного синдрому у хворих на ІМ супроводжується значущими порушеннями вуглеводного і ліпідного обміну, що проявляється гіперглікемією, гіперінсулінемією та атерогенною дисліпідемією в гострий і підгострий періоди хвороби у пацієнтів з вісцеральним ожирінням незалежно від маси тіла.
Treatment of fractures and other orthopedic problems in cats and dogs using versatile external fixator
Authors: Öztürk Yetkin , Özsoy Serhat
Published: December 2021

Many complicated bone fractures can be healed by different techniques including linear external fixation. New generation linear external fixators enhanced the scope of application for bone fractures by mechanical progress. Difficulties include implementing enough pins through fixation clamps to the comminuted fragments or clamp addition and fixing it properly to the rod with the correct pin insertion angle. Effective configurations may not always result. This study sought to reveal the clinical efficiency of modified clamps of a versatile external fixator (VEF) to fix different types of fractures and orthopedic problems according to the radiographic and clinical results. We used this fixator on 17 cats and 17 dogs of different ages and sizes, having different types of antebrachium, humerus, tibia, ulna fractures, and bone-muscle deformities. Clamps had different features to connect fixator pins. Many fixator configurations were created according to the fracture type and body weight of the animals. The most used ones were unilateral and bilateral configurations. The callus formation and visual gait analysis were observed after the operations, until the removal of the fixator. After fixator removal, the visual gait status of the limbs was excellent in 67% of the cases, good in 15%, fair in 12%, and poor in 6%. We found that rods and fixator pins were connected easily by semi-locked clamps. Also, the double pin holding clamps saved space on the fixation rod by the application of two pins through one clamp. We think that clamps of versatile external fixators can easily be constructed to limb fractures and save time during surgery.
Códigos da classificação internacional de doenças como rastreadores de eventos adversos a medicamentos
Authors: Arrais Paulo Sergio Dourado , Francelino Eudiana Vale , Pinheiro Eduardo Gabriel , Freitas Silvia Maria , Duarte Elisabeth Carmen , Melo Jose Romerio Rabelo
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Os Eventos Adversos a Medicamentos-EAM representam riscos à saúde e sua subnotificação representa um desafio para a saúde pública. A busca ativa de casos suspeitos de EAM nos bancos de dados de saúde utilizando a Classificação Internacional de Doenças-CID é uma das estratégias que pode reduzir as subnotificações desses eventos. Objetivo:O objetivo desse estudo é identificar os códigos da CID mais usados como rastreadores de EAM e avaliar a sua concordância entre os pesquisadores. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE e LILACS com os descritores “Classificação Internacional de Doenças”, “CID-10”, “Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos”, “Envenenamento”, “Erros de Medicação”. Os artigos incluídos tiveram seus códigos CID identificados, comparados e sua qualidade avaliada. A análise de concordância dos códigos foi feita usando o modelo de ensaios de Bernoulli, testes de proporções binomial exata e a técnica de false discovery rate para analisar as hipóteses postas. A análise estatística foi feita com o software R. O estudo está registrado no PROSPERO sob n.º CRD42019120694. Resultados: Foram identificados 5.167 artigos e após os critérios de seleção, 33 foram incluídos nessa revisão. Foram identificados 1.105 códigos da CID. O coeficiente de prevalência dos EAM variou entre 0,18% e 18,4% em internações hospitalares e a taxa de mortalidade variou entre 0,12 a 45,9 óbitos por 100 mil óbitos. Somente 195 (17,7%) códigos tiveram alta concordância entre os pesquisadores. Muitos códigos CID utilizados para detectar EAM possuem baixa concordância entre os pesquisadores e produziram diferentes taxas do evento. Conclusão: Os códigos rastreadores de EAM identificados representam um método simples e eficiente para captação de eventos adversos em grandes bancos de dados em saúde, contribuindo na redução da subnotificação nos tradicionais sistemas de notificações de EAM.
Sestre zdravstvene prosvjetiteljice – razvoj nastavnog programa zdravstvenog odgoja
Authors: Milojević Romanita
Published: December 2021

U radu se daje kratki prikaz javnozdravstvene djelatnosti medicinskih sestara i ističe njihova zdravstveno-prosvjetiteljska uloga. Osim skrbi za bolesne, sestre pomoćnice bile su zdravstvene učiteljice, voditeljice tečajeva, odlazile su u kućne posjete te su bile preteča socijalnih radnika kakve danas poznajemo. U drugom dijelu rada razmatraju se nastavni programi od 1921. godine do danas i prikazuje slijed razvoja nastavnog predmeta Metodika zdravstvenog odgoja. Prvi nastavni planovi i programi obuhvaćali su općemedicinsku naobrazbu. Naglasak se ipak stavljao na sadržaje o tuberkulozi što je razumljivo radi osnovne namjere o osnivanju Škole za sestre pomoćnice. Nastava se od samog osnutka Škole organizirala kao teorijska i praktična izobrazba. Praktični dio izobrazbe između ostaloga se sastojao od kuhanja u školskoj kuhinji, praktične nastave u školskoj poliklinici i provođenja higijensko-domaćinskih tečajeva. Izvanučionička nastava izvodila se posjetom različitim zdravstvenim i socijalnim ustanovama kao što su stanice za medikopedagoško savjetovanje, posjetom gradskim i seoskim higijenskim instalacijama, stanici za izbor zvanja, posjetom odgojnim zavodima, ustanovama za kolektivnu prehranu, tvornicama i dr. U sto godina obrazovanja medicinskih sestara u Hrvatskoj bilo je više reformi obrazovanja, mijenjala se zdravstvena politika, mijenjalo se trajanje obrazovanja, modernizirali su se i prilagođavali nastavni planovi i programi te pratile potrebe populacije za zdravstvenim stručnjacima. Aktualni nastavni plan i program u obrazovanju medicinske sestre / medicinskog tehničara opće njege također sadrži značajan udio socijalno-medicinskih sadržaja u skladu s današnjim izazovima koji ugrožavaju zdravlje pojedinca i zajednice. Metode poučavanja u zdravstvenom odgoju također su pratile suvremene spoznaje, a nastavna sredstva i pomagala modernizirala su se s vremenom do gotovo neslućenih razmjera u stogodišnjem periodu. Škola za medicinske sestre Mlinarska i danas pohranjuje te brižno čuva neka nastavna sredstva i pomagala koja su se koristila u predmetu Metodika zdravstvenog odgoja i u ostalim predmetima struke.
Sex-Related Differences in Atrial Remodeling in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Relationship to Ablation Outcomes
Authors: Wong Geoffrey R. , Nalliah Chrishan J. , Lee Geoffrey , Voskoboinik Aleksandr , Chieng David , Prabhu Sandeep , Parameswaran Ramanathan , Sugumar Hariharan , Al-Kaisey Ahmed , McLellan Alex , Ling Liang-Han , Sanders Prashanthan , Kistler Peter M. , Kalman Jonathan M.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Population studies have demonstrated a range of sex differences including a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in men and a higher risk of AF recurrence in women. However, the underlying reasons for this higher recurrence are unknown. This study evaluated whether sex-based electrophysiological substrate differences exist to account for worse AF ablation outcomes in women.

Methods:

High-density electroanatomic mapping of the left atrium was performed in 116 consecutive patients with AF. Regional analysis was performed across 6 left atrium segments. High-density maps were created using a multipolar catheter (Biosense Webster) during distal coronary sinus pacing at 600 and 300 ms. Mean voltage and conduction velocity was determined. Complex fractionated signals and double potentials were manually annotated.

Results:

Overall, 42 (36%) were female, mean age was 61±8 years and AF was persistent in 52%. Global mean voltage was significantly lower in females compared with males at 600 ms (1.46±0.17 versus 1.84±0.15 mV,
P
<0.001) and 300 ms (1.27±0.18 versus 1.57±0.18 mV,
P
=0.013) pacing. These differences were seen uniformly across the left atrium. Females demonstrated significant conduction velocity slowing (34.9±6.1 versus 44.1±6.9 cm/s,
P
=0.002) and greater proportion of complex fractionated signals (9.9±1.7% versus 6.0±1.7%,
P
=0.014). After a median follow-up of 22 months (Q1–Q3: 15–29), females had significantly lower single-procedure (22 [54%] versus 54 [75%],
P
=0.029) and multiprocedure (24 [59%] versus 60 [83%],
P
=0.005) arrhythmia-free survival. Female sex and persistent AF were independent predictors of single and multiprocedure arrhythmia recurrence.

Conclusions:

Female patients demonstrated more advanced atrial remodeling on high-density electroanatomic mapping and greater post-AF ablation arrhythmia recurrence compared with males. These changes may contribute to sex-based differences in the clinical course of females with AF and in part explain the higher risk of recurrence.

Graphic Abstract:

A graphic abstract is available for this article.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Symptomatic, Non–Limb-Threatening Peripheral Artery Disease: A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Rymer Jennifer A. , Narcisse Dennis , Cosiano Michael , Tanaka John , McDermott Mary M. , Treat-Jacobson Diane J. , Conte Michael S. , Tuttle Brandi , Patel Manesh R. , Smolderen Kim G.
Published: December 2021

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are health outcomes directly reported by the patient that can be used to measure the effect of disease and treatments on patient perceived well-being. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the validation of PROMs in people with symptomatic, nonlimb-threatening peripheral artery disease. A literature search was conducted to identify studies of symptomatic peripheral artery disease without limb-threatening ischemia that included PROMs and had sample sizes ≥25. PROMs were summarized along a continuum of validation using classical test theory framework and according to whether they fulfilled defined criteria for (1) content validity; (2) psychometric validation; and (3) further validation evidence base expansion. Of 2198 articles identified, 157 (7.1%) met inclusion criteria. Twenty-four PROMs in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease were reviewed. Among disease-specific PROMs, 8 of 15 had excellent reliability as measured by a Cronbach alpha ≥0.80. Based on established criteria for PROM responsiveness, 6 of 15 disease-specific PROMs demonstrated excellent sensitivity to change. Of these, the disease-specific peripheral artery questionnaire, vascular quality of life questionnaire, and walking impairment questionnaire met criteria for validation at each stage of the continuum. For generic (nondisease specific) PROMs, the European Quality of Life 5-Dimension and SF-36 had the most extensive evidence of validation. Evidence from this review can inform selection of PROMs aligned with scientific and clinical goals, given the variable degree of validation and potential complementary nature of the measures.
Microvascular Dysfunction in Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Hypoperfusion Within the Infarct Posttreatment Are Associated With Cerebral Edema
Authors: Ng Felix C. , Churilov Leonid , Yassi Nawaf , Kleinig Timothy J. , Thijs Vincent , Wu Teddy Y. , Shah Darshan G. , Dewey Helen M. , Sharma Gargan , Desmond Patricia M. , Yan Bernard , Parsons Mark W. , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Davis Stephen M. , Mitchell Peter J. , Leigh Richard , Campbell Bruce C.V. ,   on behalf of the EXTEND-IA TNK Part 1 and 2 Investigators
Published: December 2021

Background:

Factors contributing to cerebral edema in the post-hyperacute period of ischemic stroke (first 24–72 hours) are poorly understood. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and postischemic hyperperfusion reflect microvascular dysfunction and are associated with hemorrhagic transformation. We investigated the relationships between BBB integrity, cerebral blood flow, and space-occupying cerebral edema in patients who received acute reperfusion therapy.

Methods:

We performed a pooled analysis of patients treated for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion in the EXTEND-IA TNK and EXTEND-IA TNK part 2 trials who had MRI with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging 24 hours after treatment. We investigated the associations between BBB disruption and cerebral blood flow within the infarct with cerebral edema assessed using 2 metrics: first midline shift (MLS) trichotomized as an ordinal scale of negligible (<1 mm), mild (≥1 to <5 mm), or severe (≥5 mm), and second relative hemispheric volume (rHV), defined as the ratio of the 3-dimensional volume of the ischemic hemisphere relative to the contralateral hemisphere.

Results:

Of 238 patients analyzed, 133 (55.9%) had negligible, 93 (39.1%) mild, and 12 (5.0%) severe MLS at 24 hours. The associated median rHV was 1.01 (IQR, 1.00–1.028), 1.03 (IQR, 1.01–1.077), and 1.15 (IQR, 1.08–1.22), respectively. MLS and rHV were associated with poor functional outcome at 90 days (
P<0
.002). Increased BBB permeability was independently associated with more edema after adjusting for age, occlusion location, reperfusion, parenchymal hematoma, and thrombolytic agent used (MLS cOR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.03–1.20],
P
=0.005; rHV β, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.24–0.55],
P
<0.0001), as was reduced cerebral blood flow (MLS cOR, 0.25 [95% CI, 0.10–0.58],
P
=0.001; rHV β, −2.95 [95% CI, −4.61 to −11.29],
P
=0.0006). In subgroup analysis of patients with successful reperfusion (extended Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia 2b-3, n=200), reduced cerebral blood flow remained significantly associated with edema (MLS cOR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.14–0.98],
P
=0.045; rHV β, −2.59 [95% CI, −4.32 to −0.86],
P
=0.004).

Conclusions:

BBB disruption and persistent hypoperfusion in the infarct after reperfusion treatment is associated with space-occupying cerebral edema. Further studies evaluating microvascular dysfunction during the post-hyperacute period as biomarkers of poststroke edema and potential therapeutic targets are warranted.
The Neural Representation of Events Is Dominated by Elements that Are Most Reliably Present
Authors: Bromis Konstantinos , Raykov Petar P. , Wickens Leah , Roseboom Warrick , Bird Chris M.
Published: December 2021

An episodic memory is specific to an event that occurred at a particular time and place. However, the elements that constitute the event—the location, the people present, and their actions and goals—might be shared with numerous other similar events. Does the brain preferentially represent certain elements of a remembered event? If so, which elements dominate its neural representation: those that are shared across similar events, or the novel elements that define a specific event? We addressed these questions by using a novel experimental paradigm combined with fMRI. Multiple events were created involving conversations between two individuals using the format of a television chat show. Chat show “hosts” occurred repeatedly across multiple events, whereas the “guests” were unique to only one event. Before learning the conversations, participants were scanned while viewing images or names of the (famous) individuals to be used in the study to obtain person-specific activity patterns. After learning all the conversations over a week, participants were scanned for a second time while they recalled each event multiple times. We found that during recall, person-specific activity patterns within the posterior midline network were reinstated for the hosts of the shows but not the guests, and that reinstatement of the hosts was significantly stronger than the reinstatement of the guests. These findings demonstrate that it is the more generic, familiar, and predictable elements of an event that dominate its neural representation compared with the more idiosyncratic, event-defining, elements.
A Philological Study of the Reflexive-Possessive Use of Personal Pronouns in the Fourth Gospel
Authors: Tops Thomas
Published: December 2021

This study provides a philological analysis of all the occurrences of personal pronouns with reflexive-possessive meaning in the Gospel of John. Here, the author argues that the Gospel highly conforms to the rule of Classical Greek that the deictic force of the article suffices to identify the possessor when it is clear in the literary context who the possessor is. This high conformity enables the author to specify in which cases personal pronouns are strictly necessary to indicate the possessor and where they are redundant. Exegetical case studies (e.g., John 6:52) illustrate the implications of this study for the interpretation of the Gospel.
Crisis in the Tar Sands: Fossil Capitalism and the Future of the Alberta Hydrocarbon Economy
Authors: McCreary Tyler
Published: December 2021

Using a case study of Alberta, Canada, this paper demonstrates how a geographic critique of fossil capitalism helps elucidate the tensions shaping tar sands development. Conflicts over pipelines and Indigenous territorial claims are challenging development trajectories, as tar sands companies need to expand access to markets in order to expand production. While these conflicts are now well recognised, there are also broader dynamics shaping development. States face a rentier’s dilemma, relying on capital investments to realise resource value. Political responses to the emerging climate crisis undercut the profitability of hydrocarbon extraction. The automation of production undermines the industrial compromise between hydrocarbon labour and capital. Ultimately, the crises of fossil capitalism require a radical transformation within or beyond capital relations. To mobilise against the tar sands, organisers must recognise the tensions underpinning it, developing strategies that address ecological concerns and the economic plight of those dispossessed and abandoned by carbon extraction.
Kenya
Authors: Murithi Tim
Published: December 2021

On 4 March 2013, when Kenyans participated in national presidential and legislative elections, there was wide-spread concern that the underling grievances that erupted during the 2007 and 2008 post-election violence would remerge. However, the polls were relatively peaceful in comparison. This case study will interrogate how mass atrocities were prevented in 2013 in Kenya, despite the prevalence of risk factors which could spark tensions and fuel violence. This article interrogates the local sources of resilience and inhibitors of atrocity crimes and considers the preventive actions that were undertaken and by whom, with a view to understanding what they achieved. In addition, it will assess the outcomes that were achieved as a result of these preventive actions. Through an evaluation of the preventive actions the article will examine which actions proved to be most effective in affecting the risks dynamics of the country in the short, medium and long-term. Kenya’s history of violence and failure to uphold accountability and redress for victims, meant that in 2013, it was significantly prone to the scourge of atrocity crimes. This analysis will draw out a number of key lessons for enhancing the prevention of atrocity crimes in the future.
Shallow water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the 2002 NOWRAMP cruise to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Authors: CALDER DALE R. , FAUCCI ANUSCHKA
Published: December 2021

Forty-two species of hydroids, excluding stylasterids, are reported in the present collection from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Of these, four are anthoathecates and 38 are leptothecates. Among the latter, Sertularella affinicostata and Monotheca gibbosa are described as new species. The binomen Halopteris longibrachia is proposed as a new replacement name for Plumularia polymorpha var. sibogae Billard, 1913, an invalid junior primary homonym of P. sibogae Billard, 1911. Based largely on evidence from earlier molecular phylogenies, the genus Disertasia Neppi, 1917 is resurrected to accommodate species including Dynamena crisioides Lamouroux, 1824, Sertularia disticha Bosc, 1802, and Sia. moluccana Pictet, 1893. Sertularella robusta Coughtrey, 1876 is an invalid junior primary homonym of Sla. gayi var. robusta Allman, 1874a, and has been replaced here by the binomen Sla. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928, originally described as Sla. robusta var. quasiplana Trebilcock, 1928. Clytia hummelincki (Leloup, 1935) is referred to the synonymy of its senior subjective synonym, C. brevithecata (Thornely, 1900). Following Reversal of Precedence provisions in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to preserve prevailing usage of binomena, the familiar names Sia. disticha Bosc, 1802 (also known as Dynamena disticha) and Lytocarpia phyteuma (Stechow, 1919b) are designated nomena protecta and assigned precedence over their virtually unknown senior synonyms Hydra quinternana Bosc, 1797 and Aglaophenia clavicula Whitelegge, 1899, respectively, names now reduced to the status of nomena oblita. Twenty species are reported for the first time from Hawaii [Eudendrium merulum Watson, 1985, Phialellidae (undetermined), Hebella sp., Hebellopsis scandens (Bale, 1888), H. sibogae Billard, 1942, Clytia brevithecata, C. linearis (Thornely, 1900), C. cf. noliformis (McCrady, 1859), Halecium sp., Sla. affinicostata, Sla. angulosa Bale, 1894, Pasya heterodonta (Jarvis, 1922), Tridentata orthogonalis (Gibbons & Ryland, 1989), Pycnotheca producta (Bale, 1881), Monotheca gibbosa, H. longibrachia, A. postdentata Billard, 1913, A. suensonii Jäderholm, 1896, A. whiteleggei Bale, 1888, and L. flexuosa (Lamouroux, 1816)]. Sertularia orthogonalis, reported for only the third time worldwide, is assigned to the genus Tridentata Stechow, 1920. Hydroids of the NOWRAMP 2002 collection consisted largely of presumptive widespread species, with over 75% of them having been reported elsewhere in the tropical Indo-west Pacific region.
Incidental Findings of Appendiceal Diverticulitis Presenting as Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Souferi Benjamin , Sheppard Kristin , Onayemi Ayolola O. , Davis John M.
Published: December 2021

Diverticulosis of the appendix (DA) is a rare pathological finding that clinically imitates acute appendicitis and is most commonly found in adult males with chronic abdominal pain. It has a higher rate of perforation compared to acute appendicitis (84% vs 12%, P<0.01), and is consequently associated with a higher rate of mortality. Appendiceal diverticulitis has been found to have a significant association with incidental appendiceal neoplasms, therefore elective prophylactic appendectomy is recommended to prevent the risk of complications and to rule out the possibility of a coexisting neoplasm. Meticulous gross examination in addition to thorough histological examination of the entire appendectomy specimen by pathologists is essential in order to identify diverticula. We present two female patients with signs and symptoms consistent with acute appendicitis, they were found to have appendiceal diverticulitis on pathologic evaluation.
Research on automobile four-wheel steering control system based on yaw angular velocity and centroid cornering angle
Authors: Zhang Yifeng , Wang Zhiwen , Wang Yuhang , Zhang Canlong , Zhao Biao
Published: December 2021

In order to improve the handling stability of four-wheel steering (4WS) cars, a two-degree-of-freedom 4WS vehicle dynamics model is constructed here, and the motion differential equation of the system model is established. Based on the quadratic optimal control theory, the optimal control of 4WS system is proposed in this paper. When running at low speed and high speed, through yaw rate feedback control, state feedback control, and optimal control, the 4WS cars are controlled based on yaw rate and centroid cornering angle with MATLAB/Simulink simulation. The result indicates that 4WS control based on the optimal control can improve the displacement of the cars. And, the optimal control of 4WS proposed in this paper can eliminate centroid cornering angle completely compared with other two traditional optimal control methods. Besides, the optimal control enjoys faster response speed and no overshoot happens. In conclusion, the optimal control method proposed in the paper represents better stability, moving track and stability, thereby further enhancing the handling property of cars.
MRA improves sensitivity than MRI for the articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears
Authors: Li Lianxin , Dong Jinlei , Li Qinghu , Dong Jinye , Wang Bingzhi , Zhou Dongsheng , Liu Fanxiao
Published: December 2021

Background:

This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR arthrography (MRA) for the articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tear (PTRCT).

Methods:

Three electronic databases, PubMed/Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library, were utilized to retrieve articles comparing the diagnostic value of MRA and MRI for detecting articular-sided PTRCTs. The pooled statistical indexes included sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results:

Eleven studies involving 1703 patients and 1704 shoulders were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR and AUC and their 95% CIs of MRA to diagnose articular-sided PTRCTs were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.65–0.90), 0.96 (95% CI, 0.91–0.98), 68.14 (95% CI, 33.20–139.84) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94–0.97), respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR and AUC and their 95% CIs of MRI were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.65–0.87) and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.84–0.99), 47.82 (95% CI, 8.29–275.89) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86–0.92), respectively.

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis reveals that MRA has a better diagnostic value than that of MRI for the diagnosis of articular-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears because of an improvement of sensitivity.
Analysis of research on metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors using topic modeling and social network analysis
Authors: Kim Ji-Su , Kim Hyejin , Lee Eunkyung , Seo Yeji
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to identify the relationships between the keywords of research on metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors and the entire knowledge research structure, through topic extraction from a macro perspective. From six electronic databases, 918 studies published between 1996 and 2019 were identified and reviewed, and 365 were included. Keyword network analysis and topic modeling were applied to examine the studies. In keyword network analysis, “obesity,” “treatment,” “breast cancer,” “body mass index,” and “prostate cancer” were the major keywords, whereas “obesity” and “breast” were the dominant keywords and ranked high in frequency, degree centrality, and betweenness centrality. In topic modeling, five clustered topics emerged, namely metabolic syndrome component, post CTX(chemotherapy) sequence, prostate-specific antigen-sensitive plot, lifestyle formation, and insulin fluctuation. Topic 2, post CTX sequence, showed the highest salience in earlier studies, but this has decreased over time, and the themes of the studies have also broadened. This study may provide critical basic data for determining the changing trends of research on metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors and for predicting the direction of future research through the visualization of the effects and interactions between the major keywords in research on metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors.
Anti-microbial and methylene blue dye adsorption properties of cotton fabrics modified with TiO2, Fe, Ag-doped TiO2, and graphene oxide nanomaterials
Authors: Khairy M , Kamal R , Mousa MA
Published: December 2021

Nanoparticle materials have received increasing attention in the functional modification of textiles. In this work, pure TiO2, Ag-doped TiO2, Fe-doped TiO2, and graphene oxide nanoparticles were used to impart the anti-bacterial and adsorptive properties of nanoparticles to cotton fabric. The treated fabric materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The obtained treated fabrics were used as adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution. The functionalized cotton fabrics were tested for their anti-microbial capability against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans. All the functionalized fabrics have higher anti-microbial activity compared to untreated cotton, especially the fabrics containing silver and Fe-doped TiO2. The optimum conditions of the adsorption process are determined via the study of the effect of the initial concentration of dye, pH, and contact time on the removal efficiency. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms are applied for the equilibrium adsorption data. GO-Cot and Ag-Ti@GO-Cot samples showed the highest adsorption removal activity. The linear correlation coefficient ( R2) showed that the Temkin model well fitted the data of adsorption in the GO-Cot sample. The analysis of experimental data with different kinetic models showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well fitted the adsorption data better than the other kinetic models of the pseudo-first-order, Elovich, and intra-particle diffusion.
Novel models for photovoltaic output current prediction based on short and uncertain dataset by using deep learning machines
Authors: Khatib Tamer , Gharaba Ameera , Haj Hamad Zain , Masri Aladdin
Published: December 2021

This paper presents deep learning neural network models for photovoltaic output current prediction. The proposed models are long short-term memory and gated recurrent unit neural networks. The proposed models can predict photovoltaic output current for each second for a week time by using global solar radiation and ambient temperature values as inputs. These models can predict the output current of the photovoltaic system for the upcoming seven days after being trained by half-day data only. Python environment is used to develop the proposed models, and experimental data of a 1.4 kWp PV system are used to train, validate and test the proposed models. Highly uncertain data with steps in seconds are used in this research. Results show that the proposed models can accurately predict photovoltaic output current whereas the average values of the root mean square error of the predicted values by the proposed LSTM and GRU are 0.28 A and 0.27 A (the maximum current of the system is 7.91 A). In addition, results show that GRU is slightly more accurate than LSTM for this purpose and utilises less processor capacity. Finally, a comparison with other similar methods is conducted so as to show the significance of the proposed models.
Social Performance Feedback and Firm Communication Strategy
Authors: Wang Heli , Jia Ming , Xiang Yi , Lan Yang
Published: December 2021

Although corporate social performance has become an important measure of firm performance, there is little understanding about how firms respond to social performance feedback and how impression management may function as an important firm response to the feedback. Building upon and extending the literature on the behavioral theory of the firm and the strategic use of language, we examine how discrepancies between firms’ social performance and their aspiration levels affect how firms use visual expressions in their CSR reports. In addition, we argue that the relationship between social performance discrepancies and the use of visual expressions in CSR reports is moderated by the extent to which firms conduct socially responsible activities to enhance legitimacy (reflected in the level of state ownership) and the extent to which firms engage in social activities to improve financial performance (reflected in foreign exposure). Using a sample of Chinese firms issuing CSR reports from 2009 to 2017, our empirical results provide strong support for these arguments.
Disparate Safety Enforcement: Curvilinear Effects, Mechanisms, and Boundary Conditions of Supervisor-Rated Leader–Member Exchange
Authors: Perry Sara Jansen , Lorinkova Natalia M. , Madanoglu Melih
Published: December 2021

Across three studies, we integrate relational leadership theory with affective events theory to examine the leader perspective in dyadic relationships and how this perspective influences differential leader behaviors directed toward each subordinate in terms of safety enforcement. First, in two field studies with different high-risk contexts, we delineate a curvilinear relationship between supervisor-rated leader–member exchange (SLMX) and safety enforcement. In our second field study we also examine the moderating role of leaders’ safety commitment as well as the linkage between safety enforcement and accidents. Finally, in a fully randomized experiment, we explore three relational dynamics as mechanisms of the effect of SLMX on safety enforcement—trust, consideration, and liking. Through these efforts, we offer rare direct tests of the theoretical assertion that leader–member exchange includes differential treatment based on affective relationship cues within a leader-and-subordinate relationship. Our two field studies reveal that leaders are likely to monitor safety most closely for low- and high-SLMX subordinates, but mid-SLMX subordinates are most likely to be overlooked. This U-shaped relationship emerges only for less committed leaders, and safety enforcement translates these effects to actual accidents. Our experimental study reveals a similar U shape between liking and enforcement, but a positive relationship emerges between distrust and enforcement, as well as between consideration on enforcement. These results shed insight into theoretical and practical implications for how leaders can foster a safer workplace for all.
Organizing the Exploitation of Vulnerable People: A Qualitative Assessment of Human Trafficking
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Parida Vinit , Williams Trent , Wincent Joakim
Published: December 2021

Focusing on the organizing practices by which vulnerable individuals are exploited for their labor, we build a model that depicts how human traffickers systematically target impoverished girls and women and transform their autonomous objection into unquestioned compliance. Drawing from qualitative interviews with women forced into labor in the sex industry, human traffickers, brothel managers, and other sources (e.g., doctors, nongovernment organizations, and police officers fighting human trafficking), we inductively theorize that organizing of vulnerable individuals for human exploitation involves four interrelated practices—(1) deceptive recruiting of the vulnerable, (2) entrapping through isolation, (3) extinguishing alternatives by building barriers, and (4) converting the exploited into exploiters—that together erode and eventually eliminate workers’ autonomy. We conclude by discussing implications of our research for theory—specifically, the literature on human exploitation and loss of worker agency.
Experiences of Autonomy in Marriage and Divorce Within the Chinese Traditional System
Authors: Yan Wenhua , Huang Chengshi , Chen Lan , Dong Fengran , Wu Xuan , Hu Ting , Zhou Xingyue , Jin Ruoshui
Published: December 2021

The Chinese traditional system features a hierarchical familial culture. When confronted with individualization and autonomy in choices of marriage and divorce, the system remains resilient and intervenes in the lives of young families. To analyze the discourses of divorced urban young adults, 46 participants (23 women and 23 men) aged 24–39 years were recruited from various regions in China. Through an analysis of the stressors involved in marriage and divorce, the concrete values and the conceptions shared in a unitary system of traditions were elicited. The promise of stability in a marriage was the appeal of this system while the focus on offspring was the general interest with evolutionary elements that justify this system. The concept of the individual autonomy of divorce grew from marital experiences and would be confined to the traditional system if its appeal remains unchallenged.
Implications of the Rohingya Relocation from Cox’s Bazar to Bhasan Char, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Didarul , Siddika Ayesha
Published: December 2021

This IMR Dispatch attempts to elucidate the different concerns of human right groups and international communities over the relocation of the Rohingyas, a forcefully displaced ethnic minority of Myanmar, from the Cox's Bazar refugee camps, in mainland Bangladesh, to a newly developed island, Bhasan Char, in the Bay of Bengal. Of the nearly 1 million Rohingyas currently living in Cox's Bazar camps, the Bangladesh government has started relocating 100,000 Rohingyas to Bhasan Char. International organizations have expressed three concerns over this relocation strategy: first, that the Rohingyas have been relocated to Bhasan Char forcibly, second, that since Bhasan Char is a newly built island, there are potential environmental risks for the Rohingyas, and third, that this relocation does not ensure that the Rohingyas’ human rights will be respected on the island. The Bangladesh government, however, has dismissed these allegations, arguing that the relocation of 100,000 Rohingyas is voluntary and that the island provides them an opportunity for improved living. This IMR Dispatch reflects on those allegations concerning the relocation strategy, with the goal of drawing migration scholars’ attention to these developments. Since the Rohingyas are already a forcibly displaced community, migration scholars should pay close attention to this re-migration or onward migration of large numbers of Rohingyas to a new island and its implications for host-country approaches to forced migration.
A novel circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network reveals hsa-circ-0040039 as a biomarker for intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Tang Jianhua , Zhang Chenlin , Wang Shengru , Chen Jianfeng
Published: December 2021

Objective

Alterations in the structure and function of intervertebral discs by multifaceted chronic processes can result in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The mechanisms involved in IDD are still unknown.

Methods

We investigated the possible mechanisms underlying IDD using a bioinformatics analysis of publicly available microarray expression datasets and built a circular RNA–microRNA–mRNA (circRNA–miRNA–mRNA) network based on the results. Datasets GSE67566 and GSE116726 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using the limma package in R. The CircInteractome database was used to detect miRNAs related to circRNA, and TargetScan, miRDB, and miRTarBase were used to predict target mRNAs. Key target genes were annotated using Gene Ontology terms.

Results

The circRNA hsa-circ-0040039 was found to have the top log fold-change score. Analysis using Metascape showed that the associated genes were enriched mainly in the cell cycle. The Cytoscape plugin MCODE predicted that two members of the RAS oncogene family—RAB1A and RAB1B—and multiple coagulation factor deficiency (MCFD2) may play key roles in IDD.

Conclusion

Our results suggested that hsa-circ-0040039 and the related network may be potential biomarkers for IDD.
Predictive value of hemoglobin, platelets, and D-dimer for the survival of patients with stage IA1 to IIA2 cervical cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Bilan , Shou Yueyao , Zhu Haiyan
Published: December 2021

Objective

Coagulation indexes may be useful survival biomarkers for cervical cancer. This study evaluated the ability of hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, and D-dimer levels to predict post-hysterectomy survival outcomes in patients with stage IA1 to IIA2 cervical cancer.

Methods

In this retrospective study, coagulation-related indexes were compared between the anemia and non-anemia groups. Independent variables were analyzed by the Cox proportional hazards model. Survival was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test. Mortality predictions were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

Among this study’s 1088 enrolled patients, 152 had anemia. The 10-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were 90.8% and 86.5%, respectively. Hemoglobin, RBC, and the rate of abnormal platelet counts were significantly lower in the anemia group. Abnormal preoperative D-dimer was an independent factor for recurrence-free survival. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that D-dimer had area under the curve of 0.734 (cut-off value: 0.685, sensitivity: 85.7%, and specificity: 64.0%). Hemoglobin and platelets had areas under the curves of 0.487 and 0.462, respectively.

Conclusion

Preoperative D-dimer was the most effective prognostic predictor for patients with cervical cancer. The prognosis of patients with cervical cancer was poorer if their D-dimer levels were >0.685 mg/L.
1470 nm/980 nm dual-wavelength laser is safe and efficient for the en-bloc resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Fu Jianhan , Fu Fajun , Wang Yinhuai
Published: December 2021

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 1470 nm/980 nm dual-wavelength laser system used for the en-bloc resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) compared with transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT).

Methods

This retrospective study analysed the demographic and clinical data from patients diagnosed with NMIBC that were treated by either dual laser or TURBT. Intraoperative characteristics, postoperative characteristics and outcomes between the two groups were compared.

Results

This study analysed 64 patients, 32 in each group. No severe complications were identified in either group. After propensity score-matching, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the demographics, clinical and tumour characteristics. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of specimen quality. In the laser group, intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower and significantly fewer patients required continuous bladder irrigation after surgery, compared with the TURBT group. No significant differences were observed in the catheterization time, gross haematuria time and hospitalization time. Operation time in the laser group was significantly longer compared with the TURBT group. No significant difference was found in the recurrence and progression rates between the two groups.

Conclusions

The 1470 nm/980 nm dual-wavelength laser provides a safe and effective surgical treatment option for patients with NMIBC.
Vesselplasty versus vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with posterior wall rupture
Authors: Xu Kai , Li Ya-Ling , Xiao Song-Hua
Published: December 2021

Objective

This study was performed to compare the effectiveness and safety of vesselplasty versus vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures with posterior wall rupture.

Methods

Patients who underwent treatment of a single osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with posterior wall rupture from January 2016 to February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into a vesselplasty group (n = 17) and a vertebroplasty group (n = 43). Pain relief, radiographic outcomes, and bone cement leakage were compared between the two groups.

Results

There were no significant differences in the operation time, postoperative pain relief, vertebral compression recovery, or local Cobb angle improvement between the two groups. However, the overall bone cement leakage rate (29.4% vs. 67.4%) and spinal canal leakage rate (0.0% vs. 30.2%) were significantly lower in the vesselplasty group than vertebroplasty group.

Conclusions

Vesselplasty offers similar pain relief and vertebral compression recovery but lower spinal canal leakage compared with vertebroplasty. Vesselplasty is thus a better option than vertebroplasty for patients with osteoporotic compression fractures with posterior wall rupture.
Cardiorespiratory and metabolic fitness indicators in novice volleyball trainees: effect of 1-week antioxidant supplementation with N-acetyl-cysteine/zinc/vitamin C
Authors: Alduraywish Abdulrahman A.
Published: December 2021

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the effect of 7-day dietary supplementation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC)/zinc/vitamin C on the time-to-exhaustion (TTE), the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) index, and metabolic indicators.

Methods

This study enrolled volleyball student trainees (n = 18 men) who took NAC/zinc/vitamin C (750 mg/5 mg/100 mg) for 7 days at Jouf University, Saudi Arabia. The CRF index and TTE were determined. Serum concentrations of metabolic regulators (insulin, betatrophin, and hepatocyte growth factor), biomarkers of cellular damage/hypoxia, and indicators of lipid and glycemic control were measured.

Results

Supplementation improved the TTE and CRF index, and lowered cytochrome c, C-reactive protein, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), total cholesterol, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin values. Before and after supplementation, the CRF index was negatively correlated with body mass index and positively correlated with the TTE. Before supplementation, the CRF index was positively correlated with betatrophin concentrations, and hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were positively correlated with betatrophin concentrations and negatively correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index. After supplementation, the CRF index was negatively correlated with HIF-1α concentrations and metabolites. Additionally, the TTE was negatively correlated with HIF-1α, cytochrome c, and triacylglycerol concentrations.

Conclusion

Supplementation of NAC/zinc/vitamin C improves metabolic and CRF performance.