bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The geophysical implications of minimal Tertiary motion along Nares Strait
Authors: Keen Charlotte E. , Peel John S.
Published: November 2023

In the light of the geological evidence indicating less than 25 km of left-lateral offset along the Wegener Fault in Nares Strait, we examined three models for the formation of Baffin Bay which do not involve sea-floor spreading in that region. Our purpose was to investigate whether these models present realistic alternatives to sea-floor spreading and simultaneously remove the requirement for extensive lateral separation between Greenland and North America. These models are crustal extension, mantle upwelling and magmatic intrusion. Each model is constrained to match the observed subsidence and present width of the basin and, where possible, the observed crustal thickness. The crustal extension and magmatic intrusion models require extensive left-lateral motion between Greenland and North America, and thus they appear to be at odds with the geological observations. Furthermore, neither the mantle upwelling model nor the magmatic intrusion model can produce the required crustal thinning (85% of continental crust must be eliminated), and there are no analogous examples of such an extreme case of 'oceanization' elsewhere in the world. Thus none of the models can account for both the thin crust in central Baffin Bay and the apparent lack of offset along the Wegener Fault.

We suggest two possible solutions to the conflict between the available observations: 1) Tertiary left-lateral motion has reversed earlier right-lateral motion; or 2) left-lateral motion between Greenland and North America was accommodated elsewhere than along the Nares Strait waterway. The first is shown to be in conflict with geological evidence from the margins of Baffin Bay. There is at present no evidence to support the second, but we suggest that this possibility be critically evaluated in future studies of the geological history of the region. In this context, we suggest that minimal offset across the Nares Strait waterway need not be incompatible with major Tertiary left-lateral motion on the Wegener Fault if one accepts the concept of a fault zone rather than a single discrete offset. Future studies of the extent of horizontal deformation immediately north of Baffin Bay and within the Sverdrup Basin are also required.

A tectonic model, which includes elements of mantle upwelling and crustal extension at the margins and sea-floor spreading in central Baffin Bay, accounts for the observed subsidence and crustal thickness in the centre of the basin, and explains the uplift of eastern Baffin Island and western Greenland. It also satisfies the geometrical requirements of plate tectonic reconstructions for the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. However, it requires that an acceptable means of accommodating the opening of Baffin Bay be found before it can be considered valid.
Nares Strait and the petroleum explorer
Authors: McMillan Neil J.
Published: November 2023

It is important to be able to make intelligent guesses concerning the effect of lateral movement along Nares Strait on the resulting sedimentary section and the heat regime. A prognosis of the theoretical well - Lincoln No. 1 - would need to contain forecasts concerning the conditions of hydrocarbon generation in the sediments.

Case No. 1 for the postulated sedimentary section assumes 250 km of left-lateral movement along the Nares Strait lineament. Rocks are Lower Cretaceous to Pleistocene. Attendant heat is assumed to be high. Case No. 2 assumes very little movement along the lineament and, therefore, a relatively quiet tectonic history. Rocks are Cambrian to Pleistocene. Attendant heat is assumed to be average.

A simulated analysis of the geochemistry of the situation in Case No. I reveals that maximum expulsion of hydrocarbons occurs at 4000 metres' depth. In Case No. 2 the maximum expulsion would occur at 5000 metres. Therefore, it is tentatively concluded that Case No. I would provide the best conditions for hydrocarbon generation and entrapment at approximately 1000 metres shallower than Case No. 2.

Large-scale movement along the Nares Strait lineament and the attendant higher heat regime would be a beneficial circumstance for the petroleum explorer.
Análisis del impacto de los colores y logotipos en el recuerdo de la marca de los clientes paquistaníes
Authors: Abbas Syed  Ali
Published: November 2023

ObjetivoEl estudio investiga el efecto de colores y logotipos de marcas específicas en el reconocimiento de marca por parte de los clientes metropolitanos de la ciudad de Lahore.MetodologíaEl estudio es transversal por diseño y cuantitativo por metodología. Se empleó un muestreo intencional considerando la comprensión de las marcas por parte de los encuestados, ya que las marcas utilizadas en el estudio son mundialmente reconocidas y familiares en el día a díaResultadosLos resultados del análisis de regresión revelaron que existe una relación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre los colores y logotipos de las marcas y el reconocimiento de la marca.OriginalidadEl estudio con logotipos falsos diseñados expresamente para comprobar el color y el efecto del logotipo en la mente de los usuarios es una práctica poco común.Implicación prácticaLos resultados pueden ayudar aún más a las empresas a hacer hincapié en una combinación específica de elementos de marca destinados al nivel óptimo de revitalización de la marca o técnicas de refuerzo de la marca.
Toutes les formes d’abus en milieu de travail ont-elles les mêmes incidences sur la santé des travailleurs ?
Authors: Boudrias Jean-Sébastien , Roberge Vincent , Sénéchal Carole , Brunet Luc , Morin Denis
Published: November 2023

Les formes d’abus en milieu de travail sont multiples. Parmi elles, on retrouve l’incivilité, la discrimination, le harcèlement (en général), le harcèlement sexuel, l’intimidation, l’agression physique, le leadership abusif, ainsi que le climat organisationnel tolérant les abus. Sur la base des gestes impliqués, certaines formes d’abus sont qualifiées d’intensité faible (p. ex. l’incivilité), modérée (p. ex. l’intimidation) ou élevée (p. ex. l’agression physique). L’objectif de cette recension des écrits est de déterminer si ces différentes formes d’abus ont des incidences qui diffèrent en importance en ce qui a trait à la santé des travailleurs qui en sont victimes. Une recension des études quantitatives de synthèse ayant porté sur chacune de ces formes d’abus a été réalisée. Douze méta-analyses ont été répertoriées. L’analyse comparative des effets et de leurs intervalles de confiance montre qu’en général, les différentes formes d’abus ne se différencient pas quant aux liens observés sur la santé psychologique (p. ex. l'épuisement, la dépression, le stress, le bien-être, les émotions positives et négatives) et la santé physique (p. ex. les tensions physiques, les problèmes de sommeil). Les quelques différences relevées invalident l’hypothèse que l’intensité présumée des formes d’abus est associée à la taille des effets observés. Sur le plan pratique, les organisations et gestionnaires devraient ainsi porter attention à chacune de ces formes d’abus, qui semblent toutes préjudiciables pour les travailleurs. Sur le plan scientifique, l’analyse réalisée est originale dans la mesure où elle a permis de rassembler des travaux de synthèse sur huit formes d’abus qui proviennent de littératures distinctes et qui n’avaient jamais été comparées, à notre connaissance.
Runners. Una etnografía en una plataforma de entrenamiento de Nike, por Nemesia Hijós.
Authors: Medina-Vicent Maria
Published: November 2023

Ressenya / Reseña / Review
 
Hijós, Nemesia 2021, Runners. Una etnografía en una plataforma de entrenamiento de Nike, Buenos Aires: Editorial Gorla. ISBN 978-987-1444-66-3, 296 páginas
Introducción a las amenazas actuales sobre la democracia y posibles respuestas
Authors: Feenstra Ramón , Valdivielso Navarro Joaquín
Published: November 2023

Presentación del monográfico sobre amenazas actuales a la democracia y posibles respuestas
Good Anxiety: Harnessing the Power of the Most Misunderstood Emotion, by Wendy Suzuki
Authors: Lopes Eugénio
Published: November 2023

Ressenya / Reseña / Review
 
Suzuki, Wendy 2021, Good Anxiety: Harnessing the Power of the Most Misunderstood Emotion, New York: Atria Books. ISBN 978-1982170738, 304 pages
The Era of Hellenism in Russian school textbooks on the history of the Ancient World
Authors: Gabelko Oleg , Aleksandrova Olga
Published: November 2023

The subject of the study is the reflection of the history of the Hellenistic era in current school textbooks on the history of the ancient world (5th grade). The history of Hellenism is one of the most interesting and complex periods in the history of not only Ancient Greece, but also Eastern civilizations, as well as the entire ancient world as a whole. This is the time of the appearance of new states on the political map and the formation of a complex system of relations between the peoples who inhabited them. It is natural to believe that such an important period should have been appropriately reflected in the school course of the history of the ancient world and textbooks: familiarity with the history of Hellenism helps not only to better understand historical processes, but also to study more deeply the history of culture and science that flourished in this era. The analysis of the textbooks, which remain the main source of information for schoolchildren, gives, however, a very ambiguous picture. Analysis of the material of current school textbooks allows us to form an idea of the general trends in the display of the history of Hellenism in the framework of school education. As a result of the consideration of the relevant topics of textbooks, a general trend in the coverage of the history of the Hellenistic era in school textbooks was revealed. The authors of the manuals, as a rule, turn to the vivid example of Alexandria of Egypt, focusing on this city to a much greater extent than on the very fact of the synthesis of Greek and Oriental cultures. The names of the rulers, both the founders of Hellenistic dynasties and their descendants, are mentioned infrequently, much more attention is paid to the development of science and art. Textbooks are limited in the selection and presentation of material both by the cognitive abilities of fifth grade students, who are important not to overload with information, and by a large volume of historical events that need to be packed into a small volume. In light of this, the authors' decision to focus more on culture and art looks quite logical, but the choice of a specific material does not always seem fully justified.
Pharmacometric assessment of primaquine induced haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Pukrittayakamee Sasithon , Jittamala Podjanee , Watson James A , Hanboonkunupakarn Borimas , Leungsinsiri Pawanrat , Poovorawan Kittiyod , Chotivanich Kesinee , Bancone Germana , Chu Cindy S , Imwong Mallika , Day Nicholas PJ , Taylor Walter RJ , White Nicholas J
Published: November 2023

Primaquine is an 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial. It is the only widely available treatment to prevent relapses of
Plasmodium vivax
malaria. The 8-aminoquinolines cause dose dependent haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient (G6PDd) individuals. G6PDd is common in malaria endemic areas but testing is often not available. As a consequence primaquine is underused.We conducted a pharmacometric study to characterise the relationship between primaquine dose and haemolysis in G6PDd. The aim was to explore shorter and safer primaquine radical cure regimens compared to the currently recommended 8-weekly regimen (0.75 mg/kg once weekly), potentially obviating the need for G6PD testing. Hemizygous G6PDd healthy adult Thai and Burmese male volunteers were admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Bangkok. In Part 1, volunteers were given ascending dose primaquine regimens whereby daily doses were increased from 7.5 mg up to 45 mg over 15 to 20 days. In Part 2, a single primaquine 45 mg dose was given.24 volunteers were enrolled in Part 1, and 16 in Part 2 (13 participated in both studies). In three volunteers, the ascending dose regimen was stopped because of haemolysis (n=1) and asymptomatic increases in transaminases (n=2; one was hepatitis E positive). Otherwise the ascending regimens were well tolerated with no drug-related serious adverse events. In Part 1, the median haemoglobin concentration decline was 3.7 g/dL (range: 2.1 to 5.9; relative decline of 26% [range: 15 to 40%]). Primaquine doses up to 0.87 mg/kg/day were tolerated subsequently without clinically significant further falls in haemoglobin. In Part 2, the median haemoglobin concentration decline was 1.7 g/dL (range 0.9 to 4.1; relative fall of 12% [range: 7 to 30% decrease]). The ascending dose primaquine regimens gave 7 times more drug but resulted in only double the haemoglobin decline.In patients with Southeast Asian G6PDd variants full radical cure treatment can be given in under three weeks compared with the current 8 week regimen.
Evolutionary druggability: leveraging low-dimensional fitness landscapes towards new metrics for antimicrobial applications
Authors: Guerrero Rafael F. , Dorji Tandin , Harris Ra’Mal M. , Shoulders Matthew D. , Ogbunugafor C. Brandon
Published: November 2023

The term “druggability” describes the molecular properties of drugs or targets in pharmacological interventions and is commonly used in work involving drug development for clinical applications. There are no current analogues for this notion that quantify the drug-target interaction with respect to a given target variant’s sensitivity across a breadth of drugs in a panel, or a given drug’s range of effectiveness across alleles of a target protein. Using data from low-dimensional empirical fitness landscapes composed of 16
β
-lactamase alleles and seven
β
-lactam drugs, we introduce two metrics that capture (i) the average susceptibility of an allelic variant of a drug target to any available drug in a given panel (“
variant vulnerability
”), and (ii) the average applicability of a drug (or mixture) across allelic variants of a drug target (“
drug applicability
”). Finally, we (iii) disentangle the quality and magnitude of interactions between loci in the drug target and the seven drug environments in terms of their mutation by mutation by environment (G x G x E) interactions, offering mechanistic insight into the variant variability and drug applicability metrics. Summarizing, we propose that our framework can be applied to other datasets and pathogen-drug systems to understand which pathogen variants in a clinical setting are the most concerning (low variant vulnerability), and which drugs in a panel are most likely to be effective in an infection defined by standing genetic variation in the pathogen drug target (high drug applicability).
Natural genetic variation underlying the negative effect of elevated CO2 on ionome composition in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Cassan Océane , Pimparé Léa-Lou , Mozzanino Timothy , Fizames Cécile , Devidal Sébastien , Roux Fabrice , Milcu Alexandru , Lèbre Sophie , Gojon Alain , Martin Antoine
Published: November 2023

The elevation of atmospheric CO
2
leads to a decline in the plant mineral content, which poses a major threat to food security in the coming decades. To date, very few genes have been identified as having a role in the negative effect of elevated CO
2
on plant mineral composition. Yet, several studies have shown a certain degree of diversity in the ionome’s response to elevated CO
2
, associated with genotypic variation. This suggests the existence of genetic factors controlling the effect of CO
2
on ionome composition. However, no large-scale studies have been carried out to date to explore the genetic diversity of the ionome responses to elevated CO
2
. Here, we used six hundred
Arabidopsis thaliana
accessions, representing geographical distributions ranging from worldwide to regional and local environments, to analyze the natural genetic variation underlying the negative effect of elevated CO
2
on the ionome composition in plants. We show that the growth under elevated CO
2
leads to a global and important decrease of the ionome content whatever the geographic distribution of the population. We also observed a high range of genetic diversity in the response of the ionome composition to elevated CO
2
, and we identified sub-populations, showing effects on their ionome ranging from the most pronounced to resilience or even to a benefit in response to elevated CO
2
. Using genome-wide association mapping on the response of each mineral element to elevated CO
2
or on integrative traits, we identified a large set of QTLs and genes associated with the ionome response to elevated CO
2
. Finally, we demonstrate that manipulating the function of one of these genes can mitigate the negative effect of elevated CO
2
on the plant mineral composition. Therefore, this resource will contribute to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying the negative effect of elevated CO
2
on the mineral composition of plants, and to the development of biofortified crops adapted to a high-CO
2
world.
Scaling between cell cycle duration and wing growth is regulated by Fat-Dachsous signaling in Drosophila
Authors: Liu Andrew , O’Connell Jessica , Wall Farley , Carthew Richard W.
Published: November 2023

The atypical cadherins Fat and Dachsous (Ds) signal through the Hippo pathway to regulate growth of numerous organs, including the
Drosophila
wing. Here, we find that Ds-Fat signaling tunes a unique feature of cell proliferation found to control the rate of wing growth. The duration of the cell cycle increases in direct proportion to the size of the wing, leading to linear rather than exponential growth. Ds-Fat signaling enhances the rate at which the cell cycle lengthens with wing size, thus diminishing the linear rate of wing growth. We show that this results in a complex but stereotyped relative scaling of wing growth with body growth in
Drosophila
. Finally, we examine the dynamics of Fat and Ds protein distribution in the wing, observing graded distributions that change during growth. However, the significance of these dynamics is unclear since perturbations in expression have negligible impact on wing growth.
Interface resistance of biomolecular condensates
Authors: Zhang Yaojun , Pyo Andrew G.T. , Jiang Yoyo , Brangwynne Clifford P. , Stone Howard A. , Wingreen Ned S.
Published: November 2023

A hallmark of biomolecular condensates formed via liquid-liquid phase separation is that they dynamically exchange materials with their surroundings, and this can be crucial to condensate function. How is this rate of exchange controlled? Intuitively, the rate can be limited by the flux from the dilute phase or by the mixing speed in the dense phase. Surprisingly, recent experiments suggest that the exchange rate can instead be limited by the dynamics of molecules at the droplet interface, implying the existence of an “interface resistance”. We combine theory and simulation to show that interface resistance can arise when incident molecules transiently touch the interface without bonding to the dense phase, i.e., the molecules “bounce” from the interface. This occurs when the molecules can adopt conformations that limit the accessibility of their sticky regions. Our work highlights the underappreciated role of interface resistance, with implications for both natural and synthetic condensates.
Episciences overlay journals
Authors: Tournoy Raphaël
Published: November 2023

Watch VIDEO.
Episciences is a publishing platform for diamond open access overlay journals. The ambition is to provide scientific communities with the technical means to produce high-quality, cost-effective journals in line with FAIR principles. The process is based on open repositories (arXiv; Zenodo; HAL). All the published content of a journal is hosted on repositories. Episciences is therefore set up as a service layer for repositories, using them as input and output for open access publication. 
The platform was launched in 2013 as a peer review service for preprints hosted in open archives. Over the years, the list of services offered has grown and adapted to new trends in scientific publications. For example, peer review reports are now a new type of content that can be hosted in repositories, along with datasets and software code for publications. Support for these new objects in Episciences increases transparency and reproducibility of science. Support for datasets and software code also means that both data journals and software journals can be easily created on top of repositories.
The platform has implemented new protocols and workflows promoted by the Confederation of Open Access Repositories (COAR) Next Generation Working Group, such as COAR Notify and SignPosting. It has enabled us to build innovative new services for researchers on top of the HAL repository. We have also connected Episciences to other open science services such as OpenAIRE Graph, OpenCitations and Scholexplorer. This has allowed us to add new services at the same time for journals and the HAL repository. The presentation will explain how Episciences and overlay journals in general can be a bridge between publications, open repositories, data and software repositories - and more broadly with open science infrastructures.
The role of global open data infrastructure in a changing policy, technology, and research environment
Authors: Lippincott Sarah , Treadway Jon
Published: November 2023

Watch VIDEO.
The proliferation of open data sharing policies (such as the wide-reaching NIH policy and Nelson Memo in the United States) reflect a growing push for greater collaboration, transparency, and accountability in scientific research. They assert that the open sharing of data underpinning research is essential to achieving the benefits of open science, that researchers and the general public have a right to access that data, and that the value of shared data lies in its (re)usability. 
As the scientific community rallies to meet these new requirements, research data infrastructures like Dryad, an open data publishing platform and community, face myriad opportunities and challenges.
 In this talk, the presenters will

summarize the impact that new policies, evolving researcher and institutional needs, coordinated support for open infrastructure, and other changes in the landscape are having on the Open Data movement and those that support it;
provide insight into Dryad’s experience addressing challenges like increasing file size and complexity, and simplifying data deposition workflows;
explore the opportunities and challenges presented by emerging new technologies such as machine learning, automation, and distributed data storage;
outline the ongoing relevance of non-specialist data infrastructures in the rapidly evolving research landscape, and how their role will have to change through collaboration and partnerships.
Designing an infrastructural service to bridging the open science ecosystem and society
Authors: Smaniotto Alessia , Achenbach Kelly
Published: November 2023

Watch VIDEO.
The presentation will be centred around lessons learned and experiences from the European project COESO, a double-layer research project providing a framework in support of collaborative engagement on societal issues. COESO supports ten citizen science pilots implementing a participatory approach in several European countries: small scale and high intensity collaborations, starting with  the problem formulation and extending through the common analysis. The pilots include contributions from different disciplines of the social sciences and the humanities (history, philosophy, political science, sociology and anthropology) and involve artists, journalists, associative members, local authorities. The support provided to the pilots includes mutual learning sessions and accompaniment in the use of a research blogging platform: not only to share the projects’ results, but also to enhance the teams’ co-research activity. Furthermore, the COESO project develops a Virtual Ecosystem for Research Activation (the VERA platform), conceived as a "collaboratory", a common digital framework supporting the projects’ teams in finding partners, managing their project and finding funding. VERA is included among the "Research for Society" services of the OPERAS research infrastructure, whose mission is to support scholarly communication in the social sciences and the humanities (SSH) across Europe.
In the effort to build a sustainable framework to support participatory research in the SSH through a digital platform, the COESO project journey provided insights on the challenges and opportunities of participatory research with and within the SSH, including how a research infrastructure can effectively design a service to foster community engagement, bridging different research practices and systems of knowledge (ensemble of practices, methodologies, vocabularies, concepts, outputs), supporting innovation in output formats and setting the premise of an enhanced network of research data linking. 
Participatory research and citizen science practices are research approaches that challenge the prevailing research processes, and potentially lead to innovative practices that allow for new bridges between knowledge systems and infrastructures. The presentation will highlight two innovative digital formats explored by two COESO pilots to render their research: (1) a multimodal website proposing an interactive map that guides visitors from the broader public to explore the research findings, which were accomplished through a plurality of participatory research approaches. It also includes the "data" behind: the website spatializes a set of materials: interviews, archives, focus groups, and portraits are displayed in a geographical space, and (2) the digital tool, Memorekall, which starts from a video recording to develop a multi-document (including notes, documents, audio, or web links) to record and document the creative process.
Verbal Prefix do- in Russian and Ukrainian
Authors: Schledewitz David
Published: November 2023

Despite its frequent usage, the verbal prefix do- has received little attention in both Russian and Ukrainian research. The literature that is available describes the prefix as identical in both languages. This study aims at testing this claim by comparing translations of Russian and Ukrainian do-verbs into the other language using a parallel corpus. It is argued that in both languages do- can express REACH, ADDITION, and EXCESS. In Ukrainian, though, this prefix can additionally express CONVEY.
Potential of psychrotolerant rhizobacteria for the growth promotion of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad , Tariq Mohsin , Zahra Syeda Tahseen , Ahmad Azka , Zafar Marriam , Ali Shad
Published: November 2023

Wheat is the second most important staple crop grown and consumed worldwide. Temperature fluctuations especially the cold stress during the winter season reduces wheat growth and grain yield. Psychrotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) may improve plant stress-tolerance in addition to serve as biofertilizer. The present study aimed to isolate and identify PGPR, with the potential to tolerate cold stress for subsequent use in supporting wheat growth under cold stress. Ten psychrotolerant bacteria were isolated from the wheat rhizosphere at 4 °C and tested for their ability to grow at wide range of temperature ranging from −8 °C to 36 °C and multiple plant beneficial traits. All bacteria were able to grow at 4 °C to 32 °C temperature range and solubilized phosphorus except WR23 at 4 °C, whereas all the bacteria solubilized phosphorus at 28 °C. Seven bacteria produced indole-3-acetic acid at 4 °C, whereas all produced indole-3-acetic acid at 28 °C. Seven bacteria showed the ability to fix nitrogen at 4 °C, while all the bacteria fixed nitrogen at 28 °C. Only one bacterium showed the potential to produce cellulase at 4 °C, whereas four bacteria showed the potential to produce cellulase at 28 °C. Seven bacteria produced pectinase at 4 °C, while one bacterium produced pectinase at 28 °C. Only one bacterium solubilized the zinc at 4 °C, whereas six bacteria solubilized the zinc at 28 °C using ZnO as the primary zinc source. Five bacteria solubilized the zinc at 4 °C, while seven bacteria solubilized the zinc at 28 °C using ZnCO3 as the primary zinc source. All the bacteria produced biofilm at 4 °C and 28 °C. In general, we noticed behavior of higher production of plant growth-promoting substances at 28 °C, except pectinase assay. Overall, in vitro testing confirms that microbes perform their inherent properties efficiently at optimum temperatures rather than the low temperatures due to high metabolic rate. Five potential rhizobacteria were selected based on the in vitro testing and evaluated for plant growth-promoting potential on wheat under controlled conditions. WR22 and WR24 significantly improved wheat growth, specifically increasing plant dry weight by 42% and 58%, respectively. 16S rRNA sequence analysis of WR22 showed 99.78% similarity with Cupriavidus campinensis and WR24 showed 99.9% similarity with Enterobacter ludwigii. This is the first report highlighting the association of C. campinensis and E. ludwigii with wheat rhizosphere. These bacteria can serve as potential candidates for biofertilizer to mitigate the chilling effect and improve wheat production after field-testing.
Alveolar antral artery: cone beam computed tomography study and clinical context
Authors: Staněk Ján , Machálková Kateřina , Staňková Magdalena , Zapletalová Jana , Kocurová Tat’ána
Published: November 2023

Purpose

Anastomosis between posterior superior alveolar artery and infraorbital artery can go through bony canal in the lateral wall of the maxilla. This artery is called alveolar antral artery. It can complicate lateral sinus lift procedure by bleeding and hemosinus formation or bone graft wash out. The artery can also go in soft tissues where is not visible on cone beam computed tomography. In previous studies, the relation of this artery to sinus floor or alveolar process was measured. These structures are highly unstable during lifetime and after tooth loss. The aim of this study is to study presence and relations of bony canal in the lateral maxillary wall, to characterize the group of patients which is more likely to have bone canal in the lateral maxilla. The aim and the novelty of this study is the describing of the relationship of the bony canal to the more stable structure of hard palate and describing the relation of presence of bony canal on width of maxillary sinus, and to facilitate the prediction of presence of the alveolar antral artery.

Materials

The cone beam computed tomography scans of the patients (251 in number) of the university hospital were examined for presence of alveolar antral artery (148 was fulfilled inclusion criteria), patient were characterized by gender, age, and sinus type (wide, average, narrow). The diameter of the bony canal and its relation to the level of sinus floor and hard palate were measured.

Results

The cone beam computed tomography scans of 148 patients, out of it 55 man (37,2%) and 93 women (62,8%). Bony canal containing alveolar anastomosis was found in 69 cases (57,0%). Presence of the bony canal in the lateral wall of maxillae showed statistical probability depending on age with p = 0, 064 according to Mann-Whitney test. The older patients have more likely the bony canal. The presence of the alveolar antral artery was found more likely in the wide sinuses. The hard palate level can serve as a prediction point of alveolar antral artery only in first molar and second premolar region. In accordance with previous studies the width of bony canal is significantly higher in group of man (p = 0, 015). There was found a correlation between smaller distance of bony canal from sinus floor in the presence of teeth (p = 0, 067). After tooth loss the distance between sinus floor and bony canal increases, but the distance of bony canal to hard palate level stays constant. This can be explained hypothetically so that periodontal ligaments and root surface acts as a barrier for sinus pneumatization.

Conclusion

Lateral sinus lifting in some cases can be unenviable, the knowledge about alveolar antral artery anatomy can reduce the risk of arterial bleeding. The cone-beam computed tomography is a routine examination prior to augmentation surgery and therefore the data obtained from it has an impact on clinical practice.
Efficacy of Periotome Versus Conventional Forceps Extraction in Socket Preservation and Reduction of Postoperative Pain: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Contractor Murtaza Mohemadali , Bhate Kalyani , Londhe Uday , Awate Sayali , Chhatriwala Adnan , Samuel Sherwin
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Atraumatic extraction is necessary when a patient undergoes dental implant rehabilitation. Various tooth extraction systems are used and regularly upgraded. The periotome is a tool that severes the Periodontal Ligaments (PDL) and aids in atraumatic extraction while preserving the socket. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of conventional forceps versus periotome extractions of single-rooted maxillary teeth in terms of socket preservation, procedure duration, and postoperative pain. Materials and Methods: This was a single-blinded randomised clinical trial conducted at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharastra, India from December 2020 to March 2021 involved 42 patients aged 18-60 years who required extraction of maxillary single-rooted teeth that had failed endodontic treatment. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: a periotome group and a conventional forceps group. Clinical assessment was conducted to evaluate socket preservation, extraction time, postoperative pain, and any complications related to the extraction procedure. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and unpaired t-test. Results: The majority of patients were within the age group of 51-60 years, with 13 males and 29 females. The difference in extraction time between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.368). The periotome group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of buccal cortical plate fractures compared to the conventional forceps group (p=0.048). Regarding the severity of postoperative pain, the periotome group demonstrated a significantly lower value than the conventional forceps group (p=0.028). Conclusions: The periotome proved to be a more efficient choice for preserving the socket in endodontically non treatable teeth requiring extraction, as compared to conventional forceps.
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome: A Case Presenting in Accelerated Phase
Authors: Benchidmi Sara , Mimboe Yolande Salome , Lamghari Yasmine , Assila Saad , Lamalmi Najat , Jaabouti Ghizlane , Aminou Sara , Elqorchi Ouidad , EL. Hafidi Naima , Mahraoui Chafiq , Benchekroun Soumia
Published: November 2023

Chediak Higashi syndrome (CHS) is an autosomal recessive disorder, caused by biallelic mutations in the highly conserved LYST gene. It is characterized by partial oculocutaneous albinism and immunodeficiency. Approximately 500 cases are reported worldwide. Here we report a case of a twelve years old girl, hospitalized in children’s hospital of Rabat Morocco, who suffered from Chediak higashi syndrome presented in its accelerated phase, the diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical characteristics, hair analysis, and the presence of giant inclusions in peripheral blood smear and in the bone marrow. The only treatment reportedly leading to cure of CHS has been allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Without it, CHS is usually fatal before the age of 10 years because of “accelerated phase” HLH induced by infection. An early diagnosis can improve its prognosis by performing an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation before reaching the accelerated phase.
Gly56 in the synthetic site of isoleucyl‐tRNA synthetase confers specificity and maintains communication with the editing site
Authors: Dulic Morana , Krpan Nina , Gruic‐Sovulj Ita
Published: November 2023

Isoleucyl‐tRNA synthetase (IleRS) links isoleucine to cognate tRNA via the Ile‐AMP intermediate. Non‐cognate valine is often mistakenly recognized as the IleRS substrate; therefore, to maintain the accuracy of translation, IleRS hydrolyzes Val‐AMP within the synthetic site (pre‐transfer editing). As this activity is not efficient enough, Val‐tRNAIle is formed and hydrolyzed in the distant post‐transfer editing site. A strictly conserved synthetic site residue Gly56 was previously shown to safeguard Ile‐to‐Val discrimination during aminoacyl (aa)‐AMP formation. Here, we show that the Gly56Ala variant lost its specificity in pre‐transfer editing, confirming that this residue ensures the selectivity of all synthetic site reactions. Moreover, we found that the Gly56Ala mutation affects IleRS interaction with aa‐tRNA likely by disturbing tRNA‐dependent communication between the two active sites.
Exploring the role of simulator fidelity in the safety validation of learning‐enabled autonomous systems
Authors: Baheri Ali
Published: November 2023

This article presents key insights from the New Faculty Highlights talk given at AAAI 2023, focusing on the crucial role of fidelity simulators in the safety evaluation of learning‐enabled components (LECs) within safety‐critical systems. With the rising integration of LECs in safety‐critical systems, the imperative for rigorous safety and reliability verification has intensified. Safety assurance goes beyond mere compliance, forming a foundational element in the deployment of LECs to reduce risks and ensure robust operation. In this evolving field, simulations have become an indispensable tool, and fidelity's role as a critical parameter is increasingly recognized. By employing multifidelity simulations that balance the needs for accuracy and computational efficiency, new paths toward comprehensive safety validation are emerging. This article delves into our recent research, emphasizing the role of simulation fidelity in the validation of LECs in safety‐critical systems.
Transition Metal Selenides for Supercapacitors
Authors: Tang Guilin , Liang Jing , Wu Wei
Published: November 2023

The advancements in high‐performance flexible energy storage devices are crucial to realize the integration and multifunctionality of wearable devices. Transition metal selenides (TMSes), possess high theoretical capacity and electrical conductivity, which hold great promise for energy storage applications. This review provides a succinct summary of the progress of TMSes as high‐performance electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. First, the energy storage mechanism of TMSes and the effective strategies for achieving high‐performance TMSes are discussed. Subsequently, the recent process of TMSes‐based supercapacitors and other multifunctional applications is summarized. This paper aims to provide the superiority of TMSes as electrode materials and their recent advances for energy devices, to promote the development of high‐performance TMSes electrode materials in the fields of energy storage.
Additive Manufacturing of Shape Memory Thermoset Composites with Directional Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Hong Yinglun , Azcune Itxaso , Rekondo Alaitz , Jiang Tianhui , Zhou Shitong , Lowe Tristan , Saiz Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Shape memory epoxy vitrimers and their composites are candidate materials for multiple engineering applications due to the commercial availability of their precursors combined with their functionality, mechanical properties, and recyclability. However, the manufacturing of vitrimer composites through conventional mould‐casting limits the flexibility in the design of complex parts. In this work feedstock inks are formulated based on reduced graphene oxide and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to 3D‐print epoxy vitrimer‐based composites by direct ink writing (DIW). The introduction of hBN platelets (up to 22 vol.%) and their alignment during printing enhances the fracture resistance of the material and induces directional thermal transport. The in‐plane thermal conductivities (3 W m−1 K−1) are nearly one order of magnitude higher than the matrix material. The high conductivity results in faster actuation times and can be combined with the printing process to build structures designed to manage heat flow.
Natural Polyphenolic Nanodots for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment
Authors: Yang Peng , Huang Qianqian , Zhang Jianhua , Li Yiwen , Gao Huile , Gu Zhipeng
Published: November 2023

The abnormal amyloid‐β accumulation is essential and obbligato in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and natural polyphenols exhibit great potential as amyloid aggregation inhibitors. However, the poor metabolic stability, low bioavailability, and weak blood–brain barrier crossing ability of natural polyphenol molecules fail to meet clinical needs. Here, a universal protocol to prepare natural polyphenolic nanodots is developed by heating in aqueous solution without unacceptable additives. The nanodots are able to not only inhibit amyloid‐β fibrillization and trigger the fibril disaggregation, but mitigate the amyloid‐β‐plaque‐induced cascade impairments including normalizing oxidative microenvironment, altering microglial polarization, and rescuing neuronal death and synaptic loss, which results in significant improvements in recognition and cognition deficits in transgenic mice. More importantly, natural polyphenolic nanodots possess stronger antiamyloidogenic performance compared with small molecule, as well as penetrate the blood–brain barrier. The excellent biocompatibility further guarantees the potential of natural polyphenolic nanodots for clinical applications. It is expected that natural polyphenolic nanodots provide an attractive paradigm to support the development of the therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.
Rapid Synthesis of Trimetallic Nanozyme for Sustainable Cascaded Catalytic Therapy via Tumor Microenvironment Remodulation
Authors: Jia Xiuna , Wang, Jin , Wang Erkang
Published: November 2023

Tumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive nanozyme‐catalyzed cancer therapy shows great potential due to its specificity and efficiency. However, breaking the self‐adaption of tumors and improving the sustainable remodeling TME ability remains a major challenge for developing novel nanozymes. Here, a rapid method is developed first to synthesize unprecedented trimetalic nanozyme (AuMnCu, AMC) with a targeting peptide (AMCc), which exhibits excellent peroxidase‐like, catalase‐like, and glucose oxidase‐like activities. The released Cu and Mn ions in TME consume endogenous H2O2 and produce O2, while the AMCccatalyzes glucose oxidation reaction to generate H2O2 and gluconic acid, which achieves the starvation therapy by depleting the energy and enhances the chemodynamic therapy effect by lowering the pH of the TME and producing extra H2O2. Meanwhile, the reactive oxygen species damage is amplified, as AMCc can constantly oxidize intracellular reductive glutathione through the cyclic valence alternation of Cu and Mn ions, and the generated Cu+ elevate the production of ·OH from H2O2. Further studies depict that the well‐designed AMCc exhibits the excellent photothermal performance and achieves TME‐responsive sustainable starvation/photothermal‐enhanced chemodynamic synergistic effects in vitro and in vivo. Overall, a promising approach is demonstrated here to design “all‐in‐one” nanozyme for theranostics by remodeling the TME.
Shortwave Infrared Organic Photodiodes Realized by Polaron Engineering
Authors: Lee Sangjun , Lee Juhyeok , Sim Hye Ryun , So Chan , Chung Dae Sung
Published: November 2023

A novel approach for developing shortwave IR (SWIR) organic photodiodes (OPDs) using doped polymers is presented. SWIR OPDs are challenging to produce because of the limitations in extending the absorption of conjugated molecules and the high dark currents of SWIR‐absorbing materials. Herein, it is shown that the conversion of bound polarons to free polarons by light energy can be utilized as an SWIR photodetection mechanism. To maximize the bound‐polaron density and bound‐to‐free polaron ratio of the doped polymer film, the doping process is engineered and dopant molecules are diffused into the crystalline domain of the polymer matrix and a direct correlation between the bound‐to‐free polaron ratio and device performance is confirmed. The optimized double‐doped SWIR OPD exhibits a high external quantum efficiency of 77 100% and specific detectivity of 1.11 × 1011 Jones against SWIR. These findings demonstrate the application potential of polarons as alternatives for Frenkel excitons in SWIR OPDs.
Red Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Alkyl Chain Achieving Stable Electroluminescence via an In Situ Electric Excitation
Authors: Shen Jian , Zhang Tianyang , Shen Wan‐shan , Li Zenan , Yuan Weijie , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Liao Liang‐sheng , Kang Zhenhui
Published: November 2023

The energy barrier between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the emission layer (EML) and the hole transport layer material (HTL) restricts the development of carbon dots (CDs) based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, the fabrication of red fluorescent CDs (RCDs) by a one‐step solvothermal method is reported. These RCDs have a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 47.97% and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 26 nm. This study also shows the RCDs‐based LEDs fabrication with Poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐co‐N‐(4‐butylphenyl) diphenylamine (TFB) as HTL. In normal case, these devices are not able to work due to the large interfacial energy barrier between RCDs and TFB. While, the RCDs‐LEDs can overcome through interfacial energy barriers and achieve stable carrier injecting by a simple in situ electric excitation at the current of 50 mA cm−2. This work provides a new strategy to overcome the obstacle of mismatch of interfacial energy levels in the LEDs by an in situ electric excitation.
Green‐Emitting Oxonitridoberyllosilicate Ba[BeSiON2]:Eu2+ for Wide Gamut Displays
Authors: Giftthaler Tobias , Strobel Philipp , Weiler Volker , Haffner Arthur , Neuer Andreas , Steinadler Jennifer , Bräuniger Thomas , Kloß Simon D. , Rudel Stefan , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: November 2023

Light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) producing pure, highly saturated colors are the industry standard for efficient backlighting of high‐color gamut displays. Vivid color reproduction, matching the eye's perception of nature, is the central paradigm in the design of narrow‐band emitting phosphors. To cover a wide range of naturally occurring color tones, expansion of the color gamut in the green spectral region, and therefore an advanced applicable green phosphor, is highly desired. Herein, the oxonitridoberyllosilicate Ba[BeSiON2]:Eu2+ showing outstanding narrow‐band green emission (λmax ≈526 nm with FWHM ≈1600 cm−1 (≈45 nm), x = 0.212, y = 0.715) when excited with InGaN‐based blue LEDs is presented. High quantum efficiency and low thermal quenching (>90% rel. quantum efficiency at 100 °C) as well as excellent scalability make the material suitable for industrial application in high color‐gamut LED displays. A prototype phosphor‐converted‐LED (pc‐LED), with green‐emitting Ba[BeSiON2]:Eu2+ and K2SiF6:Mn4+ as red phosphor shows an extraordinary coverage in the CIE 1931 color space of 109% compared to the DCI‐P3 standard, topping the widely applied β‐SiAlON:Eu2+ phosphor (104%), making it suitable for use in phone displays, monitors, and television screens.