bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of COVID - 19 Image Processing With X-Ray And CT Scan
Authors: Arora Amit Kumar , Parashar Jyoti , Upreti Kamal , Rao Balram
Published: May 2024

the SARS-COV2 (COVID-19) virus continues to spread over the world in the form of various mutant strains that are responsible for epidemic conditions. As a result, the clinical prognosis cannot be relied upon. Chest x-rays, computed tomography, and ultrasound imaging models supplement the analytical methods (for example, RT-PCR) to a certain degree, despite the fact that different clinical diagnostic approaches have been developed and used up to this point. The purpose of this work is to carry out the diagnosis of COVID-19 individuals utilizing the image padding technique, as well as to develop a Deep Covix-Net model for the identification of COVID-19, Pneumonia, and healthy individuals utilizing X-ray and CT scan images. Both of these objectives will be accomplished through this work. Using ultrasound pictures, create a model called Ultra Covix-Net for early diagnosis of COVID-19, pneumonia, and healthy persons; then, using CT scan images, estimate the severity of the COVID-19 infection. In order to complete the categorization process, machine learning and deep learning strategies are used.
Evaluación de las Alternativas de Uso de la Vinaza Utilizando el Método del Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP)
Authors: Giraud Portal Nicolle , Rodríguez Reyes María Alejandra
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación estudió el potencial de utilización de la vinaza, al evaluar su composición fisicoquímica, y  propiedades como: pH, porcentaje de humedad, sólidos totales (ST),  conductividad, Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO), acidez, dureza, contenido de grasa, proteína, carbohidratos, cenizas, fósforo, calcio, nitrógeno total, potasio, azufre, magnesio, manganeso, aluminio, boro, plomo, níquel y cadmio. Se destiló la vinaza con el fin de indagar la presencia de alcoholes pesados. En función a lo anterior, se evaluaron seis alternativas de uso de la vinaza: fertirriego, fertilizante en pellets, producción de biogás y biosólidos, extracción de alcoholes pesados o alimento de ganado (aves, bovino o porcino). Se consideraron como criterios de selección del producto final: su potencial de uso basado en la caracterización fisicoquímica, su contribución ambiental, la facilidad de producción y utilidad en el mercado del producto. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) de comparación a pares con la modalidad de medición relativa, recopilando los juicios de un grupo de expertos.
Elaboración de Etanol industrial de cáscara de banana (Musa paradisiaca)
Authors: Perez Hernandez Miguel Manuel , Lander Bautista Laura Gabriela , Taborda Nieto Daniela
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación se centró en la obtención de etanol de uso industrial a partir de la cáscara de banana. Para lograr esto, se diseñó una metodología que incluyó los siguientes procesos: obtención; selección y pretratamiento; hidrólisis alcalina y ácida; fermentación; filtración y destilación. Se seleccionaron tres variables de control mediante un diseño factorial 2k para optimizar el desarrollo del etanol: molaridad del ácido sulfúrico, cantidad de levadura y días de fermentación. La combinación óptima resultó ser 1,63 M de concentración del ácido, 0,57 g de levadura por cada 100 g de cáscara, y 10 días de fermentación. Las propiedades fisicoquímicas del destilado obtenido con mejor rendimiento de etanol fueron: grado alcohólico de 65 %v/v; índice de refracción de 1,362; porcentaje de etanol del 51 mL/g de cáscara; pH de 5,1. Además, mediante cromatografía de gases se caracterizó el destilado en: 5,4 % de metanol/100g de AA, 0.06% de furfural/100g de AA, 16,6% de ésteres/100g de AA, 11,5 % de aldehídos/100g de AA y 66,7% de alcoholes pesados/100g de AA. El destilado obtenido se encuentra en la categoría de alcohol crudo según lo establecido por la Norma COVENIN 3370-98 y se obtuvo un rendimiento del etanol por unidad de masa de cáscara de banana del 53%.
¿Cómo formular un área de investigación de la UCAB?: Calidad del Software
Authors: Ortega Dinarle , Pérez María , López María Isabel , Fernandes Ana Karina , Lara Rafael
Published: May 2024

La idea es formular una ruta a seguir para la creación de un área de investigación, usando como ejemplo la formulación del Área de Investigación: Calidad del Software de la Escuela de Ingeniería Informática de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Católica Andrés Bello. El propósito es orientar a los investigadores o grupos de investigación que aspiren a realizar esta tarea. Para tal fin se comparten los siguientes aspectos: (i) el contexto de trabajo conformado por: el plan estratégico institucional y sus ejes de acción, (ii) la estructura organizacional de la investigación en la UCAB conformada por las diversas instancias de regulación y de apoyo a la investigación, (iii) la organización jerárquica de la misma: Líneas matrices, potenciales y áreas de investigación, (iv) un modelo de dominio con sus relaciones respectivas, el cual  expresa la descripción del contexto de la investigación en la UCAB, resaltando los elementos ejecutores y de gestión más significativos y (v) algunas consideraciones sobre la gestión de conocimientos: su concepción y algunas orientaciones para su implementación en la institución. Además, la consolidación de calidad con sustentabilidad se enmarca en el aporte a profesores, estudiantes y egresados con formación integral en el área de la Ingeniería de Software, ya que la programación basada en tecnologías modernas debe atender requerimientos relacionados con las características de calidad que debe promover el propio software, las que, a su vez, pueden ser tan importantes como las funcionalidades del mismo. Se concluye que el área de investigación de la Calidad del Software está relacionada con el proceso de innovación, fortalece el trabajo en equipo a través de alianzas y la consolidación de redes intra-facultad de Ingeniería UCAB y amplía el alcance y la profundidad de los procesos de gestión de conocimiento, considerada una base indispensable en el desarrollo del mismo.
Palabras clave. Investigación, área de investigación, calidad de software, gestión de conocimiento
Metodología sensorial Napping para la descripción de bebidas de frutas formuladas con estabilizantes
Authors: Peña Yarenny , Pérez Suhey
Published: May 2024

En esta investigación se aplicó la metodología sensorial Napping combinado con el perfil ultra rápido (UFP) con el objetivo de evaluar las semejanzas y diferencias sensoriales generadas en bebidas de guanábana y piña por estabilizantes. Se utilizaron tres estabilizantes, goma xantana, carboximetilcelulosa (CMC) y mezcla de gomas a concentraciones de 0,1% y 0,5% en las formulaciones de las pulpas de guanábana y piña que sirvieron de producto base para la preparación de las 8 bebidas que fueron evaluadas por 23 panelistas no entrenados. Se evidenció que el uso de estabilizantes generó un efecto en los atributos sensoriales que describieron las semejanzas y diferencias de cada una de las muestras respecto a las muestras control (sin estabilizante). La interacción de las estructuras que forman los estabilizantes con las características morfológicas de cada fruta retrasaron los cambios físicos indeseables en estas bebidas. Sin embargo, las muestras con 0,1% de estabilizantes demostraron un mejor equilibrio entre el efecto estabilizante, la no alteración de los atributos sensoriales y la similitud a la muestra control. En ambos productos la mezcla de gomas fue más compatible debido a su ubicación cercana a la muestra control, pero esta característica y algunos atributos deseables en las bebidas también hicieron aceptable la goma xantana al 0,1% para la bebida de guanábana y el CMC al 0,1% para la bebida de piña.
Formulación de una compota a base de soya para la alimentación complementaria de adultos mayores
Authors: Calcurian Santiago , Wang Antsy , Soledad-Rodríguez Beatriz Elena
Published: May 2024

El trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar la formulación de una compota a base de soya mediante la aplicación de la metodología de diseño de mezclas, con la finalidad de promover el uso e investigación de este alimento funcional en el sector de las compotas nutricionales y naturales. se prepararon las formulaciones empleando tablas nutricionales y se tabularon los porcentajes o mediciones de cada una para que luego se seleccionaron las más adecuadas según las características nutricionales para así, se realizó un análisis sensorial de satisfacción para descarte de fórmulas; después, un análisis a nivel nutricional más profundo de las formulaciones donde finalmente, se obtuvo la fórmula óptima de la compota mediante optimización numérica, teniendo una composición de soya del 45%, de agua a un 17%, pulpa de manzana en un 28% y 10% de azúcar, a la cual se le realizó un análisis proximal para determinar sus características nutricionales. Fue posible desarrollar una compota de soya asequible en cuanto a costo, con un significativo contenido nutritivo, que puede ser aprovechada como alimento complementario para adultos mayores. Este alimento contiene un 79,63 ± 0,09% de humedad, 0,13 ± 0,05% de grasas, 2,49 ± 0,02% de cenizas, 6,42 ± 0,18% de fibra cruda, 10,88% de proteína y 0,45% de carbohidratos por porción. La compota obtenida puede ser aprovechada como alimento complementario para adultos mayores
PENGGUNAAN HISTORIOGRAFI TRADISIONAL JAWA UNTUK PENULISAN SEJARAH: Studi tentang Pengasingan Sunan Paku Buwana VI ke Ambon, 1830-1849
Authors: Puguh Dhanang Respati
Published: May 2024

This article explains the use of Javanese traditional historiography proposed by Sartono Kartodirdjo. This article was prepared using the literature study method. The literature used is in the form of undergraduate theses, dissertations, and books prepared using and discussing Javanese traditional historiography. Overall, the chronicle about the exile of Sunan Paku Buwana VI in Ambon has a historical picture. The strength of this text as a historical source lies in its description of the mental turmoil and experiences of a king who was removed from his throne and had to live in exile. The existence of candra sengkala written following important events described in the chronicles further proves that these chronicles contain strong historical elements. In addition, as a historical source, the chronicle about Sunan Paku Buwana VI's exile contains important material not found in colonial archives.
STUDY OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING A MIXTURE OF SILICOFLUORIDE AND SODIUM FLUORIDE FROM A BY-PRODUCT OF HYDROFLUORIC ACID PRODUCTION
Authors: Shokarimov Sirojiddin Mirzoevich , Naimov Nosir Abdurahmonovich , Ruziev Jura Rahimnazarovich , Rafiev Rustam Safaralievich , Aslonov Azim Abdulhusaynovich
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of research on the technology of processing and utilization of by-product of hydrofluoric acid production – a mixture of fluorosilicic and hydrofluoric acids using sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride (local mineral raw materials) to obtain fluoride salts – a mixture of silicofluoride and sodium fluoride. As a result of laboratory studies, the optimal parameters of the process of acid mixture processing using sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride to obtain a mixture of SSF and sodium fluoride were determined: temperature – 20-25 °C, duration – 10-20 min, concentration of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride – 20-25%; in this case the maximum degree of extraction of SSF and sodium fluoride is achieved. The product obtained when sodium hydroxide was used under these optimum conditions was chemically analyzed and found to consist of 67.8% Na2SiF6 and 31.5% NaF. In the case of sodium chloride, the resulting mixture contains 95.8% of Na2SiF6 and 3.5% of NaF. To confirm the reliability of the results of chemical analysis and the found optimal parameters, as well as to determine the mineralogical composition of the obtained fluoride salts, X-ray phase analysis was carried out using an upgraded Dron-2 unit. The obtained product can be used in electrolysis production for obtaining aluminosilicon alloy (silumin) and electrolyte melt, as well as for fluoridation of drinking water and in the production of acid-resistant cements. On the basis of the conducted laboratory studies, the basic technological scheme of processing of the mixture of FSA and hydrofluoric acid with the use of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride was developed.
MODIFICATION OF α, b,γ-AMINOBUTYRIC ACIDS WITH C60 FULLERENES AND THEIR STUDY
Authors: Kodirov Murod Zokirovich , Bobizoda Gulomkodir Mukkamal , Zafarov Sorbon Zafarovich
Published: May 2024

In nature, there are amino acids that are not found in protein hydrolysates. These amino acids include α, b, γ-aminobutyric acids. α-Aminobutyric acid, which is formed in living organisms during the metabolism of proteins, is a non-proteinogenic alpha amino acid. In the human body, it is involved, for example, in the biosynthesis of ophthalmic acid. β-Aminobutyric acid is an isomer of aminobutyric acid, which is found in plants, where it can play a role in signaling. β-Aminobutyric acid is able to increase the resistance of plants to diseases and have a direct effect on pathogens of plant diseases, activates the immune system of plants. γ-Aminobutyric acid plays a crucial role in the transmission of nerve excitation. In order to maintain stability and increase the effect of aminobutyric acid isomers on living organisms and plants, we decided to attach C60 fullerene to the NH2 - aminobutyric acid group and obtain N-fullero C60-aminobutyric acid for further study of biological properties. N-Fullero C60-aminobutyric acid was synthesized using the thermal method of binding amino acids to C60 fullerene. As is known, most amino compounds in the reaction with fullerene C60 by the nucleophilic attachment mechanism can join at position 1.2 of the benzene ring of fullerene-C60. Using this mechanism, 3 new compounds were synthesized: fullero C60-α-aminobutanate, fullero C60-b-aminobutanate, fullero C60-γ-aminobutanate. The identity and purity of the obtained substances was checked by thin-layer chromatography and IR spectroscopy. Chromatographic data and melting points of the obtained substances confirm the formation of fullero-C60-α-aminobutanate, fullero-C60-b-aminobutanate and fullero-C60-γ-aminobutanate.
USE OF BSC AFTER ACID SOLUTION TO DEVELOP THE EXPANSION PROPERTIES OF CEMENT
Authors: Rajabov Shukhrat Kholmurodovich
Published: May 2024

Formation of hydroxyl complexes in the Fe(0)-Fe(II)-glycine-water system from pH at I=0.5 mol/l, temperature 298.15 K, СFe(II)=1×10-4 and СGly=3×10-3 mol/l were studied by the Clark–Nikolsky oxidative potential method. Experimental curves of the dependence of the EMF of the system on the concentrations of hydrogen, iron(II) and glycine ions: рН, рСох, pCL, respectively, are obtained. They allowed us to establish that the processes of complexation in the studied system proceed stepwise in a wide pH range from 1.0 to 8.2. The type and number of coordinated ligands and the total composition of the complex compounds formed were determined. Chemical models of complex formation reactions and model parameters of coordination compounds have been compiled. The values of the angular coefficients, the domain of dominance and the constants of the formation of complexes are determined. The formation of the following coordination compounds is shown: [Fe(OH)(H2O)5]+; [FeHL(H2O)5]2+; [Fe(HL)(OH)(H2O)4]+; [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4]0 and [Fe2(HL)2(OH)2(H2O)8]2+.
SYNTHESIS OF 6,8-DINITRO-11H-INDENO[1,2-b]QUINOXALIN-11-ONE AND 1,3-DINITRO-6H-INDOLO[2,3-b]QUINOXALINE BASED ON 4,6-DINITRO-o- PHENYLENEDIAMINE
Authors: Mukhtorov Loik Gurgovich , Karimov Makhmadkul Boboevich , Shakhkeldyan I.V. , Atroshenko Y.M.
Published: May 2024

The primary tasks of organic chemistry include the production of new nitrogen-containing heterocyclic systems. Quinoxalin derivatives are fragments of many biologically active and pharmacologically important compounds [1]: agonists and antagonists of various receptors, drugs with high antibacterial or antiviral activity [2]. In addition, they are known to be used as dyes [3], effective electroluminescent materials [4], organic semiconductors [5], "building blocks" in the synthesis of anionic receptors [6] and DNA-binding agents [7]. As part of the study, syntheses of compounds not previously described in the literature - 6,8-dinitro-11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline-1-one and 1,3-dinitro-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline-1-one and 1,3-dinitro-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline- were carried out. 6,8-dinitro-11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-1-oh was obtained by the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dinitroaniline, ninhydrin and glacial acetic acid when the mixture was heated in a boiling water bath for 6 hours and the sediment matured overnight. After filtration of the precipitate on the Schott filter, it was washed with cold isopropanol, recrystallized from ethanol, the isolated precipitate was dried at room temperature and at 60°C. 1,3-dinitro-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalin was synthesized during the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dinitroaniline, isatin and glacial acetic acid. The mixture was heated in a boiling water bath for 9 hours. After the end of the reaction, the solution was left overnight to mature the precipitate. The next day, the sediment was filtered on a Schott filter, washed with cold isopropanol. Recrystallization was carried out from ethanol, and then the isolated precipitate was dried at room temperature and at 60°C. The structure of the obtained compounds was established using 1H, 13C NMR data and heteronuclear (HMBC, HSQC) correlation NMR spectroscopy, as well as data from elemental analysis, mass and IR spectroscopy. The developed synthesis methods are characterized by relative simplicity of execution, mild conditions, availability of reagents and allow obtaining target products with a yield of 75% (for 6,8-dinitro-11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline-11-one) and 92% (for 1,3-dinitro-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline).
EFFECT OF BARRIER DISCHARGE ON GERMINATION ENERGY AND GERMINATION OF "NAVRUZ" WHEAT SEEDS IN THE OPEN FIELD
Authors: Solihova Mahina Imomalievna , Kurzina Irina Aleksandrovna , Khojazoda Tohir Abdullo , Khojaev Abdullo Toirovich , Daybova Elena Borisovna
Published: May 2024

The paper presents the treatment of wheat seeds with barrier discharge for 4 and 6 minutes. Laying of treated seeds on research field was carried out with chilling at 48h and 72h after barrier discharge treatment. Treatment of plants with barrier discharge affects growth stimulation, germination energy, germination and, as a consequence, the increase in wheat yield and seed quality. In recent years, methods aimed at stimulating (accelerating growth, increasing yield, improving crop quality) electrophysical effects on plants and seeds of grain crops have been increasingly introduced into the practice of effective land management. Among various electrophysical methods used in crop production, a special place is an occupied by discharge treatment. Many scientists have confirmed high efficiency and exceptional environmental friendliness of pre-sowing treatment of agricultural seeds, including seeds of technical crops. The present task is to investigate new ways of seed treatment, for example, by physical factors. Characterization of the effects of energy discharges on germination vigor and germination of wheat is a reviewed. Some of the most important plasma parameters include the treatment time of the main tissues, which should be carefully, chosen, to optimize the efficiency. This experiment was, conducted under field condition. Results of field experiments showed that the barrier discharge treatment affected germination rate and had a positive effect on germination of wheat seeds. This paper presents the results of field experiment on the effect of barrier electric discharge on seed germination energy and total germination rate.
INFLUENCE OF SURFACTANT CONCENTRATION ON CHANGES IN THE PLANE OF POLARIZATION OF LIGHT WHEN PASSING THROUGH THE LCD MEDIUM
Authors: Makhsudov Barot Islomovich , Egamov Mukhtor Khasanovich , Rahimova Umedakhon Juraboevna
Published: May 2024

The effect of surfactants in the form of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) in nematic liquid crystal cells of type 5CB have been studied by the polarization-optical method. The relationship between the concentrations of the introduced surfactant and the angle of rotation of the polarization plane is established. The clear boundaries of the linear and elliptical polarization of the light transmitted through the cell are indicated, depending on the concentration of surface-active substances (surfactants). Possible applications of such materials in semiconductor and solid-state laser technology and display technologies are proposed.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA ĐIỀU KIỆN THỦY PHÂN ĐẾN KHẢ NĂNG TRÍCH LY CATECHIN TRONG VỎ LỤA HẠT ĐIỀU VỚI SỰ HỖ TRỢ CỦA CÁC CHẾ PHẨM ENZYME VISCOZYME L VÀ PECTINEX ULTRA-L
Authors: Thảnh Hoàng Văn , Hoàn Nguyễn Xuân , Đạt Nguyễn Huỳnh , Tùng La Thanh , Hùng Phạm Văn
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu này với mục tiêu tìm ra điều kiện thủy phân thích hợp để thu được hàm lượng catechin tổng có trong dịch chiết từ vỏ lụa hạt điều cao nhất bằng phương pháp trích ly có hỗ trợ enzyme (EAE: Enzyme-assisted extraction). Hai chế phẩm enzyme khác nhau là Viscozyme L và Pectinex ultra-L được sử dụng với các yếu tố khảo sát gồm: nồng độ enzyme, tỷ lệ nguyên liệu/dung môi, nhiệt độ và thời gian thủy phân. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy khi thủy phân bằng Viscozyme L với các điều kiện nồng độ enzyme 2%; tỷ lệ nguyên liệu/dung môi 1:30 (w/v); nhiệt độ 50oC; thời gian 60 phút, hàm lượng catechin tổng tương ứng là 16,09 ± 0,73 (g CE/100g chất khô mẫu). Đối với Pectinex ultra-L ở các điều kiện nồng độ enzyme 2%; tỷ lệ nguyên liệu/dung môi 1:20 (w/v); nhiệt độ 50oC; thời gian 60 phút hàm lượng catechin tổng đạt được là 19,98 ± 0,50 (g CE/100g chất khô mẫu). Ngoài ra, kết quả cũng chỉ ra rằng các hoạt chất sinh học như flavonoid, khả năng bắt gốc tự do 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) của mẫu dịch chiết sử dụng Pectinex ultra-L cao hơn so với khi sử dụng Viscozyme L hay mẫu đối chứng không sử dụng enzyme. Như vậy, kết quả của nghiên cứu này cho thấy phương pháp trích ly có hỗ trợ enzyme Pectinex ultra-L cho hiệu quả trích ly catechin từ vỏ lụa hạt điều cao hơn so với phương pháp có hỗ trợ Viscozyme L hoặc không có enzyme.
The Dynamics of Motivation, Satisfaction, Commitment, and Performance in Contemporary Workplaces
Authors: Baía Amândio Pereira , Santos Eliana Isabel Pinho
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the organizational landscape has witnessed significant changes, influencing the dynamics of motivation, job satisfaction, commitment, and performance among employees. The purpose of this study was to find the impact of motivation, commitment, and satisfaction, on performance. The study was conducted at a town hall and employed a quantitative method by a structured questionnaire to collect the data. Our findings reveal a positive and significant impact of job satisfaction on public workers' performance and that motivation and commitment strongly influence satisfaction. Furthermore, older workers, married, those with permanent contracts, lower occupational categories, individuals with lower educational qualifications, and those with longer tenure tend to report higher levels of job satisfaction.
Hydro-Priming Effects as A Seed Pretreatment Technique on Early Growth, Development and Yield of Amaranthus thunbergii Accessions
Authors: Moatshe-Mashiqa Onkgolotse G. , Mashiqa Patrick K. , Pholo-Tait Motlalepula , Nkoane Nametso
Published: May 2024

Two field experiment were carried out in Sebele (24o33’S, 25o54’E, 994 m above sea level) during summer 2021/2022. The treatments were two amaranthus accessions collected from South-Eastern region of Botswana as factor A while hydropriming (soaking in preheated water) for duration 0-control (no priming), 30 seconds, 60 seconds, and 90 seconds allocated as factor B. Hydro priming duration and accessions significantly (P < 0.05) influenced growth, phenological characteristics and development of amaranthus in both seasons of study. Amaranthus seed accessions and hydropriming significantly (P < 0.05) influenced the timing/duration of phenological stages. The time amaranthus seeds took from sowing to seedling emergence hastened with an increase in priming duration. This resulted with an average of  3-6.5 days to emerge from 90 seconds or control as the minimum or maximum days taken to reach emergence, respectively. However, when seeds were exposed to hydropriming for the longest time, days from sowing to branching, flowering and physiological maturity were significantly (P < 0.05) delayed. This means 90 seconds duration significantly (P < 0.05) resulted with the longest number of days from sowing to branching, flowering and physiological maturity whereas non primed seeds took the shortest time to mature.  There were many branches, largest leaf size, highest leaf fresh weight and seed yield when amaranthus seeds were primed for 90 seconds compared to control. In general, hydropriming for 90 seconds duration outperformed all other treatments producing total leaf fresh weight or seed yield of 10306 kgha-1 or 3763 kgha-1, respectively. Comparing accessions, the highest emergence percentage, growth and crop yield significantly (P < 0.05) resulted from accession 2 than 1. In conclusion, hydropriming had a significant role in improving phenology, early growth and yield of amaranthus accessions.
Relationship between Micro-Climatic Parameters and Atmospheric Pollutants at Selected Road Junctions in Port Harcourt. Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Aroh Rosemary N. , Numbere Aroloye O. , Emoyoma Udi O.
Published: May 2024

The increase in vehicular activities has led to the proliferation of atmospheric pollutants in industrialized cities worldwide. This study postulates that there will be a relationship between micro-climatic parameters and atmospheric pollutants. Samples were collected from five locations selected within Port Harcourt, namely Choba Junction, Rumuokoro Junction, Garrison Junction, Mile 3/UST roundabout, and Lagos Bus Stop. The measured parameters are air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and suspended particulate matter (SPM). The results showed that the mean concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) ranged between 13 ppm to 27.2 ppm. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen concentrations were below the detection limit. Choba has the highest SO2 (0.6 ppm) and NO2 (0.02 ppm) concentrations. Mornings had the highest concentration of pollutants compared to evenings. Similarly, the mean concentration of PM2.5 ranged between 71.4µg/m   to 162.6 6µg/m3. For the micro-climatic, the mean temperature ranged from 25.6°C to 33.7°C, mean relative humidity ranged from 50.6% to 87.3%, and wind speed ranged from 0.8m/s to 1.4m/s. Higher micro-climatic values were also recorded at Choba. The relationship between atmospheric pollutants and particulate matter with microclimatic parameters was not significant (P>0.05). But in contrast, there was a relationship between temperature and relative humidity with the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 (P<0.05). The result implies that locations with high micro-climatic parameters have the possibility of having higher concentrations of atmospheric pollutants. Thus, constant monitoring of the emission level of vehicles is essential.
Evaluating Perception of Ethics and Professionalism amongst Dental Students of Dental Teaching Institute
Authors: Iqbal Mahrukh , Faiz Rida , Khan Sobia , Khan Madiha , Faraz Aisha , Mustafa Kamal Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of undergraduates and graduates regarding professionalism and ethical guidelines and their application in clinical practices.
Methodology
A descriptive cross-sectional study design was opted. For dental undergraduates of clinical year 3rd and 4th and graduates who are either house officers or junior faculty members of public and private dental institutes a pre-validated questionnaire having a Cronbach's alpha value within 0.7 to 0.8 range in a pilot run amongst 15 participants that was then circulated via online media. The questionnaire was comprised of 15 items and a Likert scale was used in the survey with close-ended questions. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 21. For quantitative variables mean and standard deviations were determined.
Results:
According to the data collected and analyzed 50 % of the students and junior dental faculty or fresh dentist opinioned that they do learn ethics and professionalism from their peers and about 50 % of participants look forward to the inclusion of ethics as a subject at the undergraduate level. About 48 % of participants opinioned that after graduation their public speaking skills and ethics of patient handling should be polished through the inclusion of multiple workshops and continuing education programs from the institution.
Conclusion: This study suggests that a curriculum should be designed to develop psychological attributes with the use of effective teaching and learning.
Диагностика стеблевой нематоды картофеля Ditylenchus destructor в фитосанитарной практике
Authors: Сударикова С.В. , Худякова Е.А. , Лиманцева Л.А.
Published: May 2024

Среди более чем 90 видов нематод рода Ditylenchus стеблевая нематода лука Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936 и стеблевая нематода картофеля Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 имеют важное экономическое значение для сельскохозяйственных культур. Эти нематоды являются мигрирующими эндопаразитами и полифагами. Наиболее распространен и вредоносен для культуры картофеля на территории нашей страны вид D. destructor, который имеет карантинный статус для ряда стран – импортеров российской продукции. Поэтому быстрая и точная его диагностика имеет большое значение для фитосанитарной практики. В международных и региональных диагностических протоколах основное внимание уделяется стеблевой нематоде лука D. dipsaci, а для идентификации D. destructor представлены достаточно трудоемкие для лабораторий тесты. С целью оптимизации диагностики стеблевой нематоды картофеля D. destructor был выбран метод классической полимеразной цепной реакции, предложенный польскими учеными – Arnika Jeszke с соавторами (Jeszke et al., 2013), с универсальным и видоспецифическим праймерами DITuniF/DITdesR, разработанными к участку внутреннего транскрибируемого спейсера 1 (ITS1) и 5.8S рДНК. Тест был апробирован с отечественными коммерческими наборами для выделения ДНК и амплификации, также оптимизирован состав рабочей смеси для получения лучшего результата при работе с этими наборами. В процессе апробации протестированы отечественные картофельные популяции D. destructor различного географического происхождения, установлена их принадлежность к гаплотипу Е. Успешно проведена оценка применимости теста. Он рекомендован для проведения исследований в отечественных диагностических лабораториях в области фитосанитарии и карантина растений.
Обнаружение Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. в Пензенской области: история вопроса и оценка возможной натурализации вида в регионе
Authors: Сухолозова Е.А. , Сухолозов Е.А.
Published: May 2024

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. – североамериканское однолетнее ветроопыляемое растение короткого дня, сумевшее проникнуть в разные регионы России и непрерывно продолжающее свою экспансию. Вид входит в Единый перечень карантинных объектов Евразийского экономического союза. В статье приведена систематизированная и актуализированная информация из различных источников о присутствии вида на территории Пензенской области. Представлены данные о проведенном мониторинге амброзии полыннолистной в регионе за 2019–2022 гг. В результате обследования 78 посевов сельскохозяйственных культур (пшеница, лен, соя, сахарная свекла) общей площадью более 11,4 тыс. га Ambrosia artemisiifolia не выявлена. Флористические наблюдения по основным магистралям региона, проведенные в 2022 г., подтвердили обнаружение А.Н. Афониным и Ю.С. Ли (персональное сообщение) в 2021 г. ценопопуляции амброзии полыннолистной на обочине трассы М-5 в Кузнецком районе Пензенской области. Ценопопуляция вида занимала площадь не менее 0,6 га, была обильно представлена низкорослыми растениями в стадии бутонизации и начала пыления. В статье показаны данные о предполагаемых путях распространения вида по территории Пензенской области и возможных способах заноса новых семянок. Обсуждается вопрос о смещении общей границы распространения вида на север и возможности натурализации вида в новых условиях за счет отбора наиболее устойчивых генотипов и дальнейшего глобального изменения климата. В связи с этим представляется актуальным продолжение систематического мониторинга территории области для своевременного выявления очагов амброзии полыннолистной и предотвращения их дальнейшего распространения.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of ABSI and its Z-Score in Predicting the Prevalence of Dyslipidemia
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Shoaib
Published: May 2024

Dyslipidemia is an abnormality of any lipoprotein fractions (TC, TG, LDL, and HDL). It is important to study the population to monitor risk factors for dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, few population-based studies related to lipid levels were conducted in Pakistan. In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the local population (80 participants; 30 females and 50 males) was assessed. The studied population showed abnormalities in at least one lipid fraction including TC, LDL, TG, and HDL. According to abnormal lipid fractions, 89% of the participants were dyslipidemic with more prevalence in the rural population. The gender-wise comparison showed that males were more likely to have dyslipidemia than females due to their abnormal lipid profile. The most common form of dyslipidemia was low HDL (77%), followed by high TG (36%). Various traditionally introduced anthropometric and metabolic parameters were assessed to determine the severity of dyslipidemia, but they were not strong predictors of dyslipidemia due to their limitations. To overcome these limitations, newly introduced anthropometric parameters, namely LBSIZ and the Z-score of ABSI were applied. However, ABSI and its Z-score were also not strong predictors of dyslipidemia.
A Biochemical Analysis of Detrimental Effects of COVID-19 Severity on Multiple Organ Systems
Authors: Umar Muhammad , Tahir Maryam , Shabbir Chaudhry Ahmed
Published: May 2024

To understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on multiple organ system research and review is required. While the primary symptoms of COVID-19 are respiratory distress and lung injury. This study investigates liver and kidney involvement and blood parameter changes among different groups of patients. Understanding these changes is crucial because COVID-19-induced liver and renal injuries, can complicate medication dosing and increase the risk of severe drug reactions. Despite the abundance of literature on COVID-19, information is lacking regarding the prevalence and clinical significance of liver injury, renal injury, and CBC alterations in COVID-19 patients from regions with low mortality and severity rates. This study aims to report and characterize changes in these parameters during the disease, and assess the relationship between them in a cohort of 354 confirmed COVID-19 patients (198 males and 156 females) in Lahore. Chi-square and T-test were used to evaluate the hypothesis. Several parameters showed significant changes, including the RBC count in normal patients, PLT levels in normal patients, ALT levels in normal, moderate, and severe patients, AST level in moderate patients, and Creatinine amount in moderate COVID-19 patients. These results highlight COVID-19's systemic impact on these parameters, enhancing our understanding of disease severity and progression. Furthermore, this knowledge guides clinical management, aiding in the prevention of severe illness and the reduction of serious health issues like renal failure and liver damage.
La víctima en la protección penal del medio ambiente dentro del marco de las energías renovables
Authors: Colás Laguardia María Elena
Published: May 2024

La energía constituye una necesidad vital para todos los seres humanos, en casi todos los ámbitos de la vida. Por ello, deviene fundamental estudiar algunos de los principales problemas actuales, desde un punto de vista tan trascendental como el jurídico. Para clarificar algunas de las cuestiones planteadas respecto a dicha energía, y desde una perspectiva jurídica, nace esta obra del Grupo de Investigación ECONOMIUS-J. Se trata de ahondar en la investigación desarrollada con anterioridad, y expuesta en la primera obra del grupo de esta índole, titulada Visión sociojurídica de la energía eólica: una nueva realidad transformadora. Esta segunda obra permite trazar algunas líneas maestras respecto a lo que está sucediendo y lo que puede ocurrir en años venideros. El punto de partida de la obra se ha centrado en algunos de los aspectos claves que están afectando, desde hace un tiempo, a la población, como son las políticas públicas enfocadas a la implementación de las energías renovables. Esta obra ofrece reflexiones y planteamientos respecto a la situación actual de las energías renovables, sin descuidar su posible evolución. En definitiva, cuestiones que tanto el legislador como la propia sociedad deberán plantearse. De obras como esta podrán extraerse no solo análisis de los problemas actuales, sino también posibles soluciones aplicables para la reducción de emisiones y la obtención de una energía limpia, sin perjuicio de los derechos de las personas.
Visual aesthetics of narrative animation of 3D computer graphics: From both realist and expressive points of view
Authors: Wibowo Mars Caroline , Nugrhono Sarwo , Wibowo Agus
Published: May 2024

The field of animation is a unique realm for artistic creativity to convey stories. Animation is a technique in which images are manipulated to display moving visuals. In traditional animation, images are painstakingly hand-drawn or painted on transparent celluloid sheets, which are then photographed and showcased on film. The process of creating 3D animation is highly intricate and time-consuming. Animators must consider numerous factors to produce high-quality, visually stunning animation. The current study aligns with the ongoing development in computer graphics, which are influenced by the hyper-realist ethos. The study delves into animation aesthetics, computer graphics technology, and culture within the realm of 3D animation. For comparison, it also presents the findings of researchers and computer graphics experts, focusing on more expressive 3D narrative animations. This study merges research in art history, computer graphics, psychology, and expressive visual style, particularly their naturalistic attributes and emotional engagement. Regarding the potential for natural expression, this study draws upon two fundamental aspects of 3D technology: photorealistic rendering and one-point perspective. It is expected that future technological advancements will further enhance the evolution of expressive aesthetics in 3D animation. In conclusion. this study emphasizes that future 3D animation creation should prioritize aesthetic expressiveness.
Visual rhetoric: An alternative method of designing Luoshan shadow creative products
Authors: Xu Taotao , Shanat Musdi bin Hj.
Published: May 2024

The Luoshan shadow puppet, which has a long history in China, is a multifaceted art form incorporating carving, performance, and painting. This art has also resulted in the production of numerous creative products. In the digital information age, visual symbols play an increasingly important rhetorical role in the Luoshan shadow creative products. The Luoshan shadow creative products have been designed to combine traditional cultural elements with modern aesthetics practically and artistically. This paper aims to investigate how visual rhetoric influences design innovation in the Luoshan shadow creative products and explain how it is used to design these creative products. A thematic analysis of comments and suggestions from 16 designers and academics was carried out, and a framework of roles and strategies for visual rhetoric to influence the Luoshan shadow creative product was suggested. The proposed framework incorporates a visual rhetorical approach and shows how it influences creative product designs. The exploration in this study adheres to a visual rhetorical model, with these approaches classified into four levels of innovation: innovative visual thinking, new visual connections, form following emotion, and formal restructuring to improve visual appeal. The framework also shows how the connection and overlap of visual rhetorical approaches contribute to how these products innovate and create new visual meanings.
Factors influencing the Co-production in water management policies: A multi-case study in Nan province and Phayao province, Thailand
Authors: Nuamcharoen Suwida
Published: May 2024

The issue of sustainable development has garnered significant international attention, with the United Nations (UN) playing a central role in promoting this agenda through the establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The objectives of this study were twofold. Firstly, it aimed to investigate the factors that influence co-production and assess their impacts on sustainability. Secondly, this study aimed to provide suggestions for policymakers and implementers on how to enhance co-production factors to achieve greater sustainability outcomes. The research focused on two case studies in Thailand: water management in Ban Tun sub-district, Mueang district in Phayao province, and water management in Rong Ngae village in Worranakorn sub-district, Pua district in Nan province. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews, non-participatory observations, and focus group discussions. Triangulation was employed to ensure data validity, and semi-structured interviews were used as the data collection tool. Content analysis and qualitative data analysis software were employed for data analysis. The findings revealed co-production in both the formulation and implementation of water management policies relating to sustainable outcomes. These outcomes were influenced by societal norms, cultural factors, existing policies, and knowledge, which shaped the relationships among the communities, stakeholders, and agencies involved in water management. The factors affecting co-production and its sustainability in the multi-case study's sustainable development policy were identified as follows: 1) contextual factors, including societal standards, culture, and existing policies and knowledge; 2) inputs, comprising water management knowledge and collaboration involving resources, technology application, and legal regulations; and 3) outputs, encompassing the expansion of knowledge and the development of competencies. The study emphasizes the need to boost knowledge expansion and competency through collaborative knowledge-sharing and academic involvement. It suggests that promoting inclusive participation and equal collaboration among stakeholders enhances co-production and sustainable outcomes.
Characterization of Kappaphycus sp. and Padina sp. as biosorbents for heavy metal ions removal
Authors: Mingu Nazirah , Zakaria Nur Aini , Majid Mohd Hafiz Abd , Sarjadi Mohd Sani
Published: May 2024

The determination of iron, copper and zinc metal ions removal has been conducted using seaweeds (Kappaphycus sp. and Padina sp.) as biosorbents. The seaweed was dried using two different drying techniques: oven drying (60 °C, 80 °C and 100 °C) and sun drying. The main functional groups responsible for the metal bindings in seaweed were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It showed that carboxyl, ether, alcoholic, and amino groups participated in the ionic exchange by functional groups on the surface area of metal-treated and untreated seaweed. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to determine the total phenolic content of the samples, as polyphenols are well known for metal binding. In comparison to the other drying techniques, oven-dried (60 °C) for Padina sp. (0.2133±0.0125 mg GA/g DS) and Kappaphycus sp. (0.0882±0.0071 mg GA/g DS) had the highest phenolic content. Inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry was also used to measure the reduction of heavy metal concentration in the biosorption process. Sun drying for both biosorbents, Kappaphycus sp. (86.08%) and Padina sp. (72.75%), achieved high metal adsorption levels for copper ions. According to the results, the rank of metal adsorption abilities of the samples by drying method is oven-dried (60 °C) < oven-dried (80 °C) < oven-dried (100 °C) < sun-dried.
Biobased plastic films from cogon grass cellulose
Authors: Soloi Sabrina , Teng Ong Wan , Sarjadi Mohd Sani , Majid Mohd Hafiz Abd
Published: May 2024

The study of using natural resources such as cellulose as an alternative to synthetic polymers for manufacturing biobased plastic packaging is currently on going amongst numerous researchers to achieve sustainable goals as well as the need to replace petroleum feedstock that are getting depleted by years. Cogon grass is one of the most problematic grasses globally, and it has been observed that cogon grass grows abundantly along the roadside and open areas in Malaysia. Since the said grass is high in cellulose content (64%) it is a suitable candidate for raw material in manufacturing biobased plastics. Hence, the objective of this study was to produce a thin biobased film from cogon grass cellulose. In this study, cogon grass cellulose was extracted using sodium hydroxide before being acetylated to yield cellulose acetate (CA). Solvent casting with dichloromethane (DCM) was performed on the synthesized CA to produce a biobased thin film with different CA concentrations (1%–5%) to study the properties of the thin films. The film with 5% CA had the highest tensile strength (10 MPa). The surface morphology of the thin film was smooth, even and homogenous indicating that the acetylation process during cellulose acetate formation successfully occurred and that the DCM used can penetrate the cellulosic fibre very well.
Process formulation and utilization of fertilizer admixture on the reduction of petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil leachate
Authors: Ugbune Ufuoma , Okuo James Majebi , Edo Great Iruoghene , Anegbe Bala
Published: May 2024

Petroleum hydrocarbon leachate alters the physiochemical properties of ground water especially in areas with a higher water table. Failure to mitigate hydrocarbon polluted soils with the right fertilizer leads to ground water pollution. In this research, weathered crude oil was used as the soil polluter, and the biostimulants of pig manure (PM), pig manure biochar (PMB), inorganic fertilizer (IF) and their admixtures were used to examine their soil treatment capabilities. The effects of these biostimulants on pH, nitrate, phosphate and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) levels in petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil leachate were also investigated. The results obtained in this study indicate that as the percentage of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination increases, the pH, nitrate and phosphate contents of the soil leachate decreases. The results also revealed that there was a slight reduction in the levels of pH, nitrates, and phosphates as the incubating contact time increased. Furthermore, combined amendments, particularly PM+PMB application showed a remarkable reduction in the residual (<95%) TPH leachate levels. Therefore, this study has demonstrated that the biostimulant application of PM+PMB combinations is eco-friendly and more effective in the reduction of TPH, nitrates and phosphates in petroleum hydrocarbon soil leachate for agricultural and ground water security.