bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Merdeka Curriculum Implementation in Indonesia: A Case Study of Facilitating Students’ Transformation
Authors: Zendrato Juniriang , Agatha Dorothy Christabelle
Published: November 2023

Merdeka Curriculum for the academic year 2022-2024 has been issued by the Indonesian government to overcome the learning loss at schools due to Pandemic-Covid 19. There are some challenges in the implementation, one of which is teachers’ lack of understanding of the meaning and purpose of the Merdeka curriculum. It causes students’ boredom with learning in the classroom. Therefore, the research, which applies the qualitative approach with case study procedures, aims to offer interactive teaching as a solution to apply the Merdeka curriculum after analyzing its implementation. The result is Merdeka Curriculum gives freedom to the students in learning. In running the curriculum, Christian teachers base their philosophy on the Bible. Christian teaching will bring the students to experience life transformation. Therefore, interactive teaching is chosen to be implemented, because it gives freedom to teachers to design the learning based on the Biblical Christian Worldview and to students to learn in the Shalom class community. In conclusion, teaching learning that is done biblically will facilitate students’ transformation. For future researchers, they can research on how Christian teachers respond to the Merdeka Curriculum based on their school contexts and ground their teaching on the Bible to facilitate students’ life transformation.
Strategi Penguatan Integritas Akademik dalam Pendidikan Kristen di Era Digital
Authors: Simanjuntak Erwin Sudarmono , Tatang Josep , Sianipar Desi , Telaumbanua Sozanolo , Boiliu Esti Regina
Published: November 2023

As the world of education continues to develop in the digital era, academic integrity has become an important aspect, especially in the context of Christian education. This research examines the challenges and opportunities that arise in maintaining academic integrity amidst the rapid development of technology and information. The background to this research details the transformation of Christian education faced by digitalization, highlighting its impact on academic integrity. The aim of this research is to identify strategies that can strengthen academic integrity in the context of Christian education in the digital era. This research method involves an in-depth literature study, examining relevant theories and related research to unearth the necessary information. The research results show that academic integrity in Christian education in the digital era can be improved through a holistic approach involving educational institutions, educators, students, parents and all other stakeholders. In this context, digital literacy, ethical learning, and the development of policies that support academic integrity are key steps. In addition, collaboration between Christian educational institutions, churches, parents, and all other stakeholders plays an important role in strengthening academic integrity. The conclusion of this research is that by implementing a holistic approach, academic integrity in Christian education can be maintained and strengthened in the digital era, and ensure that moral and spiritual values remain the main foundation in the educational process.
A Study on the Historical Transition Process of Bass Drum Pedal
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Jihyun
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to study the historical transformation process of the base drum pedal, which can be considered to have played a key role in the birth of the drum set. The invention of the base drum pedal changed from a form in which several players played one percussion instrument to a form in which one player could play multiple percussion instruments, and later, with the development of set drums, new types and mechanisms such as twin pedals and direct pedals emerged. The study of bass drum pedals is very closely related to the history of jazz music development. In the end, it can be judged that the development of bass drum pedals had a very great influence on the birth of modern popular music. We hope this study will help researchers and students in jazz music history, pop music history, instrumental theory and practical music understand the development and development process of bass drum pedals.
Interdisciplinary Research of the Effects on Music in Non-invasive Intervention: Focused on the Trend of Digital Therapeutics
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Choi Suvin
Published: November 2023

As society and technology develop, the importance of interdisciplinary research becomes more apparent. The purpose of this study is to present the convergence of music and digital therapeutics(hereafter “DTx”) in the research and development of the medical system and ICT. This study was conducted by separating DTx and music intervention and analyzing their separate trends and results of convergence. The current Dtx exists mostly in the form of mobile applications that provide cognitive behavioral intervention for mental health such as insomnia, anxiety, and depression. The current applications are developed with the importance of medication, symptom management as well as improvement in mind. Through the cases of DTx provided in this study, the fact that the effects of and technology for musical intervention can be enhanced by interdisciplinary convergence can be seen. Music holds value as part of a healthy lifestyle and as part of the digital health setting. For further development of the interdisciplinary convergence of music and DTx, we should seek out the knowledge of professional musicians and encourage their participation in the convergence research and development.
Aspects of Exploring Applications of K-Pop Popular Dance in Primary Dance Education
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Han Aejin
Published: November 2023

This study explores the potential applications of K-pop popular dance in the ‘subject expression’ component of primary dance education, specifically targeting sixth-grade students. The research proposes an approach to primary dance education that incorporates key elements derived from K-pop idols, including point choreography, group dancing and dance challenge. To explore the integration of K-pop popular dance into primary school dance education, the study employs a two-fold method. First, it conducts a textual analysis of Unit Four from eight primary school physical education textbooks specifically designed for sixth-grade students, with a particular focus on the ‘Subject Expression’ section. Second, it examines K-pop idol music videos from a semiotic perspective. Through these investigations, the study seeks to elucidate the rationale behind incorporating K-pop popular dance into primary school dance education, the methodology for applying K-pop popular dance to cultivate the desired human qualities for future societal needs, and the educational benefits that primary school students can derive from engaging with K-pop popular dance.
The Characteristics of the Function and Performance of Yeungnam Gyobang
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Yanng Jiseon
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to study the functions of Gyobang and the characteristics of Gyobang in performance patterns in places where Gyobang dance is currently handed down in Yeongnam. Jinju Gyobang was a building attached to the guesthouse in the 17th century, and was located within the pastor's workplace in the 19th century. Hwangchangmu, Pogorak, and Cheoyongmu were performed at Jinju Gyobang. Gyobang in Daegu played a necessary function for the ceremonial event of Gyeongsang Gamyeong. The performance activities of Daegu Gyobang were drum dance, Jango, and Hwangchangmu. In Dongnae Gyobang, the diplomatic role with Japan and the function of providing song and dance to the direction of Joseon Tongsinsa were great. In Dongnae Gyobang, they performed sword dance, Ipchoom, and dances such as Hwangchang, Cheoyong, and Cheondo. Tongjeyeong performed the necessary functions for vy Headquarters of Three Provinces. There were sword dances and drum dances in Gyobang's performances.
Concept and Significance of Social Engaged Arts Education: Engaged Arts Education as Expanded Art
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Park Hosang , Kim Myoun
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of participation that appears in modern cultural arts education and to examine the understanding and significance of arts education by relating this concept to solving social problems. In this study, we looked into what artistic elements are important in participatory art education. Looking at Joseph Beuys's view of art and the characteristics of socially engaged art from a cross-pedagogical perspective, it was emphasized that this series of processes in modern art is ultimately a dialogic and educational performance that recognizes others. It is predicted that the flexible expansion of these creative activities and trans-pedagogical understanding of the arts will be the significance of participatory arts education in terms of problem solving in the future.
The Representation of the Death of Modern Popular Songs and Their Formative Methods
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ha Seongwoon
Published: November 2023

This paper attempts to extract death-related thoughts, images, and motifs from Korean classical poetry to find out how they are shaped, and to try to categorize them. Among them, the genres to be reviewed are New folk song, Short poetry, New song in the modern transition period. This study aims to explore the values and directions of life pursued by the people of the day through the representation of death implied in the popular song text. The perception of death that we could see in the modern popular song text is the emotions, reactions, and countermeasures that human figures feel in the disconnected worldview of life and death. Death is expressed differently depending on the times, situations, and genres, but it is basically an object that cannot be overcome, and the adaptive life that accepts it accounted for most of the work. Of course, the feeling of disappointment, regret, and loneliness about it were also included in the work. Under these realistic conditions, there was an expression of willingness to enjoy the present, an effort to find the meaning of life, and an attitude to preserve the value of a finite life, accepting that there was nothing to do about “how to live”.
Analyzing and Reflecting on Generational Issue Changes in K-POP Idol Groups: Focusing on News Big Data
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Yeon Kyeong , Kim Taejong
Published: November 2023

This study aims to identify the major issues in the news big data related to generational idols formed by the growth and development of idols amid the current global spread of K-pop, and to suggest ways to strengthen the competitiveness of the Korean music industry by identifying the major issues that are being formed through the media for each generation of K-pop idols and how they have changed. For this purpose, news big data LDA technique was used as a topic modeling analysis method for 55,660 cases, and as a result of the topic modeling analysis, common issue types of six dimensions were derived. The main issue types are activity dimension, marketing dimension, global dimension, social contribution dimension, dispute dimension, and fandom dimension, and policy, industrial, and academic implications are proposed based on the results of this study.
The Narrative and Music of the “Chinese-Western Integration” through “The Banquet”
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Choi Myungsook
Published: November 2023

The objective of this research focuses on discussing the relationship between the integration of Eastern and Western narrative and music. This research It examines what traditional aesthetic ideas director Xiaogang Feng pursued, what music themes Dun Tan created according to the color stories of the main characters, and how the narrative and musical elements they highlighted were integrated and embodied across the boundaries of the East and the West. The movie The Banquet reborn as a Chinese Martial Arts story by the way of adapting Shakespeare's play Hamlet. Xiaogang Feng conveyed the emotions, desires, and psychological changes of the characters through the emphasis of three colors in the film: red, white, and black. Tandun's main music theme of “The Yue Folk's Song” with piano as the main instrument also led to the ethnic elements of Chinese tradition. He worked closely to recreate the desire for power, the solitude of characters in the film about unachievable love, and loneliness to the audience.
A Study on the New Direction of Public Art in Everyday Life: Focusing on Antony Gormley’s Public Artwork, Event Horizon,
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Sung Hyojin
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to explore a new direction for public art through Antony Gormley's “Event Horizon”, a public art work introduced into urban life. Therefore, Chapter 2 deals with how Antony Gormley's representative public art works harmonized with the local community. Chapter 3 sheds light on the fact that “Event Horizon” expanded the gallery into an urban space and established itself as a public art encompassing the cultural topography of the city. In Chapter 4, the meaning and implications of public art were identified through the “Event Horizon” that led to New York. Through this, it was confirmed that public art is a new direction to become the lives of urban people and to create a better tomorrow by illuminating the various lives of the city.
A Study on the Characteristics and Constructive Plans of ‘Quiet Firing(Cutting)’
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeon Jonghee
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics and constructive improvement plans of 'Quiet Firing(Cutting)'. This is a concept that emerged following ‘Quiet Quitting’, and is known to be used as an organization strategy in the post-Covid era as employees’ tendency to ‘Quiet Quitting’ has been strengthened by working from home in the Covid era. In this trend, this study comprehensively examined the contents that can be identified by the keyword of ‘Quiet Firing’ and suggested the concept, characteristics, and improvement plans. To this end, from 2022 to September 2023, related data were surveyed online in consideration of the time when ‘Quiet Firing’ issue was publicized. This study suggested that it is necessary to approach and respond carefully while seeking the characteristics and effective improvement plans for ‘Quiet Firing’ along with ‘Quiet Quitting’, which has been recently discussed socially. Through this study, it will be able to possible to identify the current trend of ‘Quiet Firing’ and discuss desirable directions for both members and organizations.
A Study on the Perception Types Regarding Difficulties in Interpersonal Relationships of Enneagram Type 2
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Jeeyoung , Lee Songyi
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate how Enneagram Type 2 perceives difficulties in interpersonal relationships. To achieve this goal, the Q-methodology, which is suitable for examining individual subjectivity, was used with a sample of 28 adults in their 20s to 60s who identify as Enneagram Type 2. Prior to conducting Q-sorting, a literature review and a preliminary survey were conducted to study the difficulties in interpersonal relationships experienced by Enneagram Type 2. The results were then analyzed using the Ken-Q Analysis Program. Five perception types were identified: Type I “I am not calculative, I just hope we understand each other's hearts well”, Type II “I'd rather suffer silently than express myself”, Type III “I hope we can all be happy while maintaining an appropriate distance”, Type IV “I might say things occasionally, but I feel embarrassed to reveal my innermost thoughts”, and Type V “I'll try to accommodate as much as possible, but I'm not sure if it's the best approach”. This study can provide foundational data that may contribute to the formation of healthy interpersonal relationships for individuals of Enneagram Type 2.
A Study on the Body Type for Avatar Modeling of Middle-Age Obese Women
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Yoon Jiwon , Hong Eunhee
Published: November 2023

This study categorized and analyzed the body types of middle-aged obese women, aged 40-59, based on the characteristics of their shapes for the purpose of 3D avatar modeling. Data from 149 middle-aged obese women were utilized, as provided by the 'Size Korea 8th Body Measurement Survey,' consisting of 3D measurement data. Eleven body type factors were extracted. The data was analyzed through factor analysis and classified into four body types.Type 1 represents a curved body shape with pronounced curves, Type 2 is characterized by well-developed lower body and a stooped posture, Type 3 exhibits a straight body shape with minimal curves, and Type 4 features long legs and development of upper body with a leaning posture.
Sexual Health: A Comparative Study of Contraceptive Knowledge, Attitudes, and Self-Efficacy in College Students - A Comparison between Health Sciences and Non-Health Sciences Majors
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Joo kyungsook , Kim YoungJoo , Bae soonja
Published: November 2023

This study examines the correlation between knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy regarding contraception in university students' sexual health. It also compares health-related and non-health-related majors. The participants' general characteristics, such as gender, age, year in school, and major, were analyzed. The results showed that health-related major students had higher contraceptive knowledge, while non-health-related major students had more positive attitudes toward contraception. Health-related major students also displayed higher self-efficacy regarding contraception. There were significant differences in contraceptive knowledge between health-related and non-health-related major students, and a significant correlation was found between contraceptive knowledge and self-efficacy. Based on these results, further research is needed, including variables that were not considered in this study, such as 'sexual experience' and 'level of sexual education.'
A Study on the Error Patterns of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Translation in Modern Poetry: Focusing on the Translation Results of Kim So-wol's Poem Using Chat GPT-3.5
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Yujeong
Published: November 2023

This study examined the possibility of using AI translators in literary translation. First, 'Missing words' rarely occurred. The AI translation algorithm has a method of translating all source text. Second, 'Typo' often appears. This means that natural language processing is difficult. Third, the 'Native word' translation cannot process words that AI has not learned. Fourth, AI understands the poetic meaning and enables creative translation. This study is the first to develop evaluation indicators for literary translation and examine the possibility of AI's use of modern poetry translation. In addition the vulnerability of the artificial intelligence translator investigated in this study can predict the cause of the error.
The Development and Validation of Korean Infant Teacher Burnout Inventory
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Seoyoung , Ha Moonsun
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted to develop and validate the burnout inventory of Korean infant teachers. First, through the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on the final 80 preliminary questions, 25 items of the Korean infant teacher Burnout inventory (K-ITBI) were finally derived. In addition, as a result of conducting a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the final item, it was found that the fit was good even for a new sample, so the K-ITBI consisting of 4 factors and 25 items was Validated. Second, the reliability verification (Cronbach's α) of this inventory was found to be good. Finally, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and concurrent validity were secured through the correlation analysis of early childhood teacher burnout, job enthusiasm, job satisfaction, and job stress. The K-ITBI developed and validated in this study is an economical and practical scale that can easily measure the burnout of infant teachers in a short time based on stable reliability and validity.
Scottish Northerners in Alba Amicorum, c. 1540–c. 1720
Authors: Brochard Thomas
Published: November 2023

The present article draws together two seemingly irreconcilable threads: firstly, the perceived and stereotyped violent, retrograde and inward-looking northern Scot and, secondly, the lettered world of humanist Europeans on the move as encapsulated in the tradition of alba amicorum (friendship albums).

By reconciling these seemingly antinomic worlds of northern Scotland and humanist, scholarly culture, alba help redefine and nuance these Highlanders' and northern Scots' identity, culture, and character, which are more in line with these qualities associated with the world of alba, attesting to this group of Scottish northerners' integration into the intellectual and humanist networks then present in Europe.

For these individuals, theirs was a Gaelic and/or Scots culture and its appreciation which was complemented with an awareness of and a thirst for a Latinate and Classical culture and an openness to a European and word culture, by playing tourist on the Continent and being receptive to this new and foreign environment. Far from being impervious to other cultures, they opened themselves to these and welcomed foreign visitors. The roles were reversed and, in turn, they acted as guides to these tourists visiting Scotland and their communities. Through alba, it is possible to gain a better understanding of early tourism in Scotland and of tourist sites in northern Scotland, putting them not only in a national context but also an international framework.
Bursa's Hisar Region Through the Eyes of Western Travelers in the 19th Century
Authors: KUTLU DİLBAZ Burcu
Published: November 2023

The territories once occupied by the Ottoman Empire, replete with cultural abundance, have perennially captivated the attention of explorers. Bursa stands as a quintessential city, epitomizing the cultural opulence of the Ottoman heritage. With this value, Bursa has attracted the attention of foreign travelers for centuriesand travelers have visited this city for various reasons. Visits began in the 15th century, increased in the 19th centuryand many diplomats, merchantsand scientists came to the city. Most of the travelers who came also explored and researched the Hisar District, the historical center of Bursa.

When looking at the 19th century, it becomes evident that, just as in previous centuries, the Hisar District, in addition to the city's overall social life and cultural wealth, has garnered the interest of travelers. Within the societal urban structure of Hisar, historical edifices, its architectural fabric, monumental structures, the fort's layout, religious establishmentsand other social constructs have amplified this interest. For this reason, the district is deemed significant by these travelers. They have articulated their perspectives about the Hisar District in their travelogues. Furthermore, travelers have elaborated on the Hisar District's physical structures, its history, architectureand artistic attributes in their writings.
GESTÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Vicente Claudinei Sérgio , Silva Ariovaldo Francisco , Souza Mariana Aranha
Published: November 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar quais os principais desafios da gestão pública escolar, na ótica dos diretores das escolas estaduais da regional de Varginha-MG, considerando suas fraquezas e fortalezas. Participaram deste estudo, de natureza qualitativa, 72 diretores de escola, dos 105 convidados, que responderam a um questionário online, cujo objetivo foi o de analisar o perfil sociodemográfico dos diretores das escolas; compreender os processos de formação inicial e continuada; bem como as trajetórias profissionais, sua compreensão sobre o conceito de gestão escolar e sobre a prática gestora. Os dados foram tratados inicialmente pelo software SPSS e, em seguida, empregou-se técnica da análise de conteúdo, considerando o referencial teórico e o contexto da pesquisa. Os resultados apontaram que os diretores entendem que a gestão financeira, administrativa e de gestão de pessoas ocupa grande parte do tempo destinado à gestão escolar e que, se não houver planejamento, a gestão pedagógica pode ficar em segundo plano. Os diretores apontaram que o exercício da profissão requer uma multiplicidade de competências, relacionadas ao trabalho em equipe e à mediação de conflitos, além de calma, paciência, resiliência e dedicação, o que sugere que exista uma certa precarização dessa atribuição.
Ekstrak Daun Sereh dan Daun Cengkeh Efektif Memberikan Daya Tolak Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti
Authors: Sawitri Rahma , Sunuh Herlina Susanto , Arianty Ros
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang: Demam berdarah dengue adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dan ditularkan ke manusia dengan gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti . Penderita demam berdarah sebanyak 53.075 jiwa dan yang meninggal sebanyak 344 jiwa, sedangkan pada awal tahun 2019 penderita demam berdarah 13.683 jiwa dan meninggal 113 jiwa.  Pengendalian kimiawi sebagai salah satu pengendalian yang aman terhadap kesehatan dan ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan daya tolak alami. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian adalah diketahuinya efektivitas ekstrak daun sereh dan daun cengkeh dalam memberikan daya tolak terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60%. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen murni dengan pendekatan post-test only with control group design, besar sampel yang digunakan pada 6 kelompok perlakuan dengan 5 kali pengulangan, dan 1 kelompok kontrol, di mana tiap kelompok dialokasikan 20 ekor nyamuk, yaitu 620 ekor nyamuk. Hasil: Ekstrak daun sereh dan ekstrak daun cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60% masing-masing memberikan daya tolak terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebesar 95%. Dikatakan efektif memberi daya tolak jika ≥90% nyamuk, sebagai serangga uji, tidak kontak dengan manusia sesudah 5 menit dalam waktu 1 jam, selama 6 jam pengujian didalam kolonisasi uji dari total nyamuk yang diuji. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun sereh dan ekstrak daun cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60% efektif memberikan daya tolak terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Hasil temuan penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan oleh peneliti-peneliti lain untuk menggunakan ekstrak daun sereh dan daun cengkeh sebagai repellent nyamuk Aedes aegypti.
Detection of low-level animal-to-animal transmission in BALB/c mouse models of melioidosis
Authors: Klimko Christopher P. , Barnes Kay B. , Rill Nathaniel O. , Shoe Jennifer L. , Dankmeyer Jennifer L. , Hunter Melissa , Welkos Susan L. , DeShazer David , Biryukov Sergei S. , Harding Sarah V. , Cote Christopher K.
Published: November 2023

Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, has two phases of infection. The acute phase occurs shortly after infection and is associated with bacterial sepsis, potentially leading to death, whilst the chronic phase occurs when infection persists for longer periods or is asymptomatic for months or years. BALB/c mice are more susceptible to melioidosis compared to C57BL/6 mice and are routinely models for the acute phase of infection. However, in some instances when medical countermeasures are being evaluated, mice continue to succumb to disease throughout the course of the experimental infection. Whilst B. pseudomallei is not known to be transmitted from mouse-to-mouse, we hypothesized that mice that have recovered from infection after medical countermeasure intervention may become reinfected from chronically infected mice. We tested this hypothesis by cohousing naïve mice with mice exposed to B. pseudomallei by the inhalational or intraperitoneal routes in either static or ventilated caging. Mice that were exposed to aerosolized B. pseudomallei transmitted the bacterium to approximately 4% of their naïve cagemates, whereas mice that were infected by the intraperitoneal route transmitted to approximately 8% of their naïve cagemates. Whilst the exact route of transmission remains to be determined, the results of this study showed that low levels of mouse-to-mouse transmission of B. pseudomallei are possible. We conclude that although the chance of reinfection is low amongst mice housed in the same cage, this possible scenario should be considered when interpreting data from the BALB/c mouse model of melioidosis in lengthy studies.
Single-cell analysis reveals specific neuronal transition during mouse corticogenesis
Authors: Zhou Ziheng , Pan Yueyang , Zhou Si , Wang Shuguang , Zhang Dengwei , Cao Ye , Jiang Xiaosen , Li Jie , Zhu Linnan , Zhao Lijian , Gu Shen , Lin Ge , Dong Zirui , Sun Hai-Xi
Published: November 2023

Background: Currently, the mechanism(s) underlying corticogenesis is still under characterization.

Methods: We curated the most comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets from mouse and human fetal cortexes for data analysis and confirmed the findings with co-immunostaining experiments.

Results: By analyzing the developmental trajectories with scRNA-seq datasets in mice, we identified a specific developmental sub-path contributed by a cell-population expressing both deep- and upper-layer neurons (DLNs and ULNs) specific markers, which occurred on E13.5 but was absent in adults. In this cell-population, the percentages of cells expressing DLN and ULN markers decreased and increased, respectively, during the development suggesting direct neuronal transition (namely D-T-U). Whilst genes significantly highly/uniquely expressed in D-T-U cell population were significantly enriched in PTN/MDK signaling pathways related to cell migration. Both findings were further confirmed by co-immunostaining with DLNs, ULNs and D-T-U specific markers across different timepoints. Furthermore, six genes (co-expressed with D-T-U specific markers in mice) showing a potential opposite temporal expression between human and mouse during fetal cortical development were associated with neuronal migration and cognitive functions. In adult prefrontal cortexes (PFC), D-T-U specific genes were expressed in neurons from different layers between humans and mice.

Conclusion: Our study characterizes a specific cell population D-T-U showing direct DLNs to ULNs neuronal transition and migration during fetal cortical development in mice. It is potentially associated with the difference of cortical development in humans and mice.
The spatial dissimilarities and connections of the microbiota in the upper and lower respiratory tract of beef cattle
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Zhang Chengqian , Zhong Yikai , Yang Shuli , Deng Feilong , Li Ying , Chai Jianmin
Published: November 2023

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes morbidity and mortality in cattle. The critical roles of the respiratory microbiota in BRD have been widely studied. The nasopharynx was the most popular sampling niche for BRD pathogen studies. The oral cavity and other niches within the respiratory tract, such as nostrils and lung, are less assessed. In this study, oropharyngeal swabs (OS), nasal swabs (NS), nasopharyngeal swabs (NP), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were collected from calves located in four countries and analyzed for investigation of the dissimilarities and connections of the respiratory microbiota. The results showed that the microbial diversity, structure, and composition in the upper and lower respiratory tract in beef cattle from China, the USA, Canada, and Italy were significantly different. The microbial taxa for each sampling niche were specific and associated with their local physiology and geography. The signature microbiota for OS, NS, NP, and BAL were identified using the LEfSe algorithm. Although the spatial dissimilarities among the respiratory niches existed, the microbial connections were observed in beef cattle regardless of geography. Notably, the nostril and nasopharynx had more similar microbiomes compared to lung communities. The major bacterial immigration patterns in the bovine respiratory tract were estimated and some of them were associated with geography. In addition, the contribution of oral microbiota to the nasal and lung ecosystems was confirmed. Lastly, microbial interactions were characterized to reveal the correlation between the commercial microbiota and BRD-associated pathogens. In conclusion, shared airway microbiota among niches and geography provides the possibility to investigate the common knowledge for bovine respiratory health and diseases. In spite of the dissimilarities of the respiratory microbiota in cattle, the spatial connections among these sampling niches not only allow us to deeply understand the airway ecosystem but also benefit the research and development of probiotics for BRD.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis focusing on the number needed to treat
Authors: Geng Chang , Mao Yu-Cheng , Qi Su-fen , Song Kai , Wang Hong-Fei , Zhang Zi-yan , Tian Qing-Bao
Published: November 2023

Aims

Recent studies have shown that mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) can decrease mortality in patients with heart failure; however, the application of MRAs in current clinical practice is limited because of adverse effects such as hyperkalemia that occur with treatment. Therefore, this meta-analysis used the number needed to treat (NNT) to assess the efficacy and safety of MRAs in patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods

We meta-analysed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which contrasted the impacts of MRAs with placebo. As of March 2023, all articles are published in English. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and adverse events.

Results

We incorporated seven studies with a total of 9,056 patients, 4,512 of whom received MRAs and 4,544 of whom received a placebo, with a mean follow-up period of 2.1 years. MACE, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality were all reduced by MRAs, with corresponding numbers needed to treat for benefit (NNTB) of 37, 28, and 34; as well as no impact on MI or stroke. MRAs increased the incidence of hyperkalemia and gynecomastia, with the corresponding mean number needed to treat for harm (NNTH) of 18 and 52.

Conclusions

This study showed that enabling one patient with HF to avoid MACE required treating 37 patients with MRAs for 2.1 years. MRAs reduce MACE, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular death; however, they increase the risk of hyperkalemia and gynecomastia.
Comparison of perventricular and percutaneous ultrasound-guided device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects
Authors: Huang Liu Liu , Chen Mai , Zeng De Cai , Su Chun Xiao , Jiang Chun Lan , Zheng Bao Shi , Wu Ji , Li Shi Kang
Published: November 2023

Background

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (PmVSD) is a minimally invasive recent treatment approach. Perventricular PmVSD device closure is an emerging radiation-free intervention, yet it comes with certain limitations. No studies compared both of these treatment approaches.

Methods

We performed a retrospective institutional data comparison of percutaneous (PCP Group, n = 138) and perventricular (PVP Group, n = 67) ultrasound-guided device closure procedures in 205 patients with PmVSD between March 2017 and December 2022.

Results

Patients of the PCP and PVP groups had a median age of 4.9 years (IQR, 3.1–14.0) and 5.3 years (IQR, 3.4–13.1) respectively. The median PmVSD diameter in the PCP Group was 4.0 mm (IQR, 3.3–5.3) and 5.2 mm (IQR, 4.0–7.0) in the PVP Group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in success rates between the PCP and PVP Groups (intention-to-treat population, 88.4% vs. 92.5%, p = 0.36; as-treated population, 88.4% vs. 89.3%, p = 0.84). 5/8 failed percutaneous cases that were shifted to the perventricular approach were successful. Compared to the PVP Group, patients of the PCP group experienced a significant decrease in ventilation time, drainage volume, and postoperative hospital stay (p < 0.001). The median follow-up period was 24 months (IQR, 6–42) for the PCP group and 61 months (IQR, 53–65) for the PVP group. The overall severe adverse event rate was 0% in the PCP group and 3.0% in the PVP group.

Conclusions

Perventricular and percutaneous ultrasound-guided device closure of PmVSD are both effective and safe treatment options. The percutaneous approach offers less trauma and faster recovery and may be the preferred approach in selected patients.
PitNETs and the gut microbiota: potential connections, future directions
Authors: Nie Ding , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo
Published: November 2023

The role of the gut microbiome has been widely discussed in numerous works of literature. The biggest concern is the association of the gut microbiome with the central nervous system through the microbiome-brain-gut axis in the past ten years. As more and more research has been done on the relationship between the disease of the central nervous system and gut microbes. This fact is being revealed that gut microbes seem to play an important role from the onset and progression of the disease to clinical symptoms, and new treatments. As a special tumor of the central nervous system, pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs)are closely related to metabolism, endocrinology, and immunity. These factors are the vectors through which intestinal microbes interact with the central nervous system. However, little is known about the effects of gut microbes on the PitNET. In this review, the relationship of gut microbiota in PitNETs is introduced, the potential effects of the gut-brain axis in this relationship are analyzed, and future research directions are presented.
Effects of altered streamflow on macroinvertebrate taxonomic richness and composition in the Goulburn River, Australia
Authors: Banad Sudeep , Wei Yongping , Dhanya C. T. , Johnstone Ron
Published: November 2023

River systems have been stressed by the construction of dams and regulation structures which influence aquatic ecosystem integrity. Previous studies considered the general significance of regional streamflow regimes for aquatic communities, but they did not investigate the influence of specific components of flow regimes on aquatic ecosystems under the combined impact of regulation and extreme drought events, limiting our ability to design and implement precise environmental flow management strategies. This study aims to quantify the relationship between macroinvertebrate biotic indices and ecologically important streamflow characteristics derived from five natural flow regime components by investigating the spatiotemporal variation in the macroinvertebrate assemblage in regulated and unregulated reaches and identifying specific flow indices that have a direct impact on macroinvertebrates in the Goulburn basin in Victoria, Australia during the Millennium Drought period. The relationship between dominant flow metrics and macroinvertebrates indices was investigated using boosted regression trees (BRT). The results revealed a significant difference in hydrological variability between regulated and unregulated reaches. The regulated reaches demonstrated reduced hydrological variability during low flow periods, and rapid increase in discharge during high flow periods when compared to unregulated reach. Unregulated reach had 38% more taxa richness than regulated reach impacted by hydropeaking. Eight indicator taxa were identified in the unregulated reach, and they exhibited a higher Stream Invertebrate Grade Number Average Level (SIGNAL 2) score, indicating that they were highly sensitive species. The maximum flow in June was the most important flow parameter that influences the macroinvertebrate indices as per the BRT model. Better management of environmental flows will benefit from identifying which aspects of the natural flow regime impact stream ecosystems and predicting the consequences of altered flow regimes on aquatic ecosystems.
Environmental conditions predetermine quality, germination, and innate antioxidants pool in sea oat (Uniola paniculata L.) seeds
Authors: Egesa Andrew Ogolla , Pérez Héctor E. , Begcy Kevin
Published: November 2023

Secondary metabolites such as antioxidants are critical components that protect seeds from stress damage during seed development, desiccation, and ex-situ storage. Antioxidants are essential determinants of seed quality, longevity, and persistence. Understanding the environmental factors that regulate the accumulation, content, and function of antioxidant pools in sea oat seeds is critical for gene banking and understanding the environmental impacts on seed quality. Germination, viability, and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) were analyzed on seeds from 18 sea oat populations from the US Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts. We first assessed baseline TEAC, followed by TEAC performed on imbibed seeds for 36 h at 35/25°C during the day and night, respectively. Then, we analyzed the relationship of the antioxidant pools from these 18 sea oat populations to sampling site environmental classifications. Higher baseline antioxidants were common in regions with extreme environmental conditions corresponding to sea oat populations growing at latitudinal extremes characterized by warmer and colder temperatures. Baseline antioxidants did not correlate with prevailing seed germination. However, higher concentrations of antioxidants following imbibition were associated with poor seed germination in warmer conditions. Our results indicate that climatic conditions and environmental components associated with temperatures and precipitation may largely influence the innate pool of antioxidants in sea oat seeds. Also, a high amount of antioxidants following sea oat seed imbibition suggest seed damage or poor viability influenced by environmental stress conditions during seed development.
A review on resilient cities research from the perspective of territorial spatial planning: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yang Guiling , Zhang Ping , Yu Fang , Zhu Xinyu
Published: November 2023

With the rapid progression of urbanization, cities are increasingly confronted with multifaceted challenges encompassing climate change, population expansion, and resource constraints. Consequently, fostering the development of resilient cities has emerged as a pivotal imperative within future territorial spatial planning. In this paper, we searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for data related to resilient cities in the perspective of territorial spatial planning from 2004 to 2022, and conducted a bibliometric analysis using the Bibliometrix R software package. The results show that: (1) From 2004 to 2022, the number of papers in the field of resilient cities research in the perspective of land spatial planning totaled 933, with a fluctuating upward trend of annual publications. The top three journals in terms of publication are Sustainability, Cities and Landscape and Urban Planning. (2) There are 2,651 researchers from 71 countries or regions contributing to the field,with the top three authors being SHARIFI A, BRUNETTA G, and BARTHEL S, but most of the authors (90.49%) have published only one paper. In addition, developed countries have strong research strength in this field. (3) The top ten keywords in the field of resilient cities research from the perspective of territorial spatial planning are Cities/City, Resilience, Management, Ecosystem services, Climate-change, Urban, Framework, Adaptation, Governance and Space. These keywords reflect the fact that topics related to resilience management and sustainable development of urban areas are hot topics in the field. Water, Health, Geography, Demand, Decision-Making and Built Environment are the research directions of resilient cities from the perspective of future territorial spatial planning.
Heterosis in horticultural crop breeding: combining old theoretical bases with modern genomic views
Authors: Farinati Silvia , Scariolo Francesco , Palumbo Fabio , Vannozzi Alessandro , Barcaccia Gianni , Lucchin Margherita
Published: November 2023

Heterosis in plants has been among the challenging topics for plant scientists worldwide. The production of F1 hybrid varieties of seed-propagated horticultural species is one of the most successful applications of plant breeding techniques. The exploitation of the heterosis phenomenon promotes homogeneity and maximizes crop yields and is a way for breeders to legally control and protect their commercial products. In the past heterosis has been largely studied and explored in cereal crop systems, considering maize as a model for understanding the genetic bases of this phenomenon. To date, crossbreeding in horticultural vegetables has also rapidly progressed. F1 hybrid varieties are available for many horticultural crops, including both allogamous and autogamous species. Several genetic and nongenetic mechanisms have been applied to facilitate the large-scale production of F1 hybrid seeds in vegetable crops to prevent undesirable selfing. Although the development and commercialization of F1 hybrids is currently common in agriculture, this phenomenon is still being investigated at different levels. With the rapid accumulation of knowledge on plant genome structures and gene activities and the advancement of new genomics platforms and methodologies, significant progress has been achieved in recent years in the study of the genetic and molecular bases of heterosis. This paper provides a brief overview of current theoretical advances and practical predictions of the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis in plants. The aim is to carefully summarize the fundamental mechanisms of heterosis in plants, focusing on horticultural plant breeding, to improve the existing knowledge in this research area. We describe the quantitative genetic model of phenotypic variation and combine evolutionary, phenotypic and molecular genetic views to explain the origin and manifestation of heterosis and its significance for breeding F1 hybrid varieties in horticultural crops. The principles of genomic prediction and its applications in genomic selection are then covered.
Internet perceptions among older adults in Sweden
Authors: Bergström Annika
Published: November 2023

Introduction

The digital inequality is still present after decades of development and diffusion of digital media. Age is one of the most important factors predicting access, use, skills, and outcomes, which is somewhat paradoxical as information and communication technologies can create opportunities for older adults to sustain independent living. To increase understanding of older adults' online engagement, this study focuses on perceptions of the internet usage and how it can be a useful tool in everyday life.

Method

A representative survey (n = 841).

Results

Analyses point to decreasing support for the internet with increasing age - also within the group of 66 to 85 years old. There are significant correlations between perceptions and internet experience, whereas sociodemographic factors have weak explanatory power. Interestingly, large shares of older adults do not have any opinion of the internet, which could partly explain the persistence of the digital divide and difficulties to increase digital literacy.

Discussion

Online experience and level of anxiety overrule socio-demographics in explanatory power to perceptions. The internet is perceived useful, but also interferes with common habits, the view of digital technology in everyday life and computer anxiety. The findings could affect policy implementation, where it would be useful to implement the idea of the Internet and create an awareness that might precede an intention to advance one's use.