bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying Seamful Design in Location-Based Mobile Museum Applications
Authors: Nilsson Tommy , Hogsden Carl , Perera Charith , Aghaee Saeed , Scruton David J. , Lund Andreas , Blackwell Alan F.
Published: August 2016

The application of mobile computing is currently altering patterns of our behavior to a greater degree than perhaps any other invention. In combination with the introduction of power-efficient wireless communication technologies, such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), designers are today increasingly empowered to shape the way we interact with our physical surroundings and thus build entirely new experiences. However, our evaluations of BLE and its abilities to facilitate mobile location-based experiences in public environments revealed a number of potential problems. Most notably, the position and orientation of the user in combination with various environmental factors, such as crowds of people traversing the space, were found to cause major fluctuations of the received BLE signal strength. These issues are rendering a seamless functioning of any location-based application practically impossible. Instead of achieving seamlessness by eliminating these technical issues, we thus choose to advocate the use of a seamful approach, that is, to reveal and exploit these problems and turn them into a part of the actual experience. In order to demonstrate the viability of this approach, we designed, implemented, and evaluated the
Ghost Detector
—an educational location-based museum game for children. By presenting a qualitative evaluation of this game and by motivating our design decisions, this article provides insight into some of the challenges and possible solutions connected to the process of developing location-based BLE-enabled experiences for public cultural spaces.
Hierarchical Program Paths
Authors: Yang Chunbai , Wu Shangru , Chan W. K.
Published: August 2016

Complete dynamic control flow
is a fundamental kind of execution profile about program executions with a wide range of applications. Tracing the dynamic control flow of program executions for a brief period easily generates a trace consisting of billions of control flow events. The number of events in such a trace is large, making both path tracing and path querying to incur significant slowdowns. A major class of path tracing techniques is to design novel trace representations that can be generated efficiently, and encode the inputted sequences of such events so that the inputted sequences are still derivable from the encoded and smaller representations. The control flow semantics in such representations have, however, become obscure, which makes implementing path queries on such a representation inefficient and the design of such queries complicated. We propose a novel two-phase path tracing framework—
Hierarchical Program Path
(HPP)—to model the
complete
dynamic control flow of an arbitrary number of executions of a program. In Phase 1, HPP monitors each execution, and efficiently generates a stream of events, namely HPPTree, representing a novel tree-based representation of control flow for each thread of control in the execution. In Phase 2, given a set of such event streams, HPP identifies all the equivalent instances of the same exercised
interprocedural
path in all the corresponding HPPTree instances, and represents each such equivalent set of paths with a single subgraph, resulting in our compositional graph-based trace representation, namely, HPPDAG. Thus, an HPPDAG instance has the potential to be significantly smaller in size than the corresponding HPPTree instances, and still completely preserves the control flow semantics of the traced executions. Control flow queries over all the traced executions can also be directly performed on the single HPPDAG instance instead of separately processing the trace representation of each execution followed by aggregating their results. We validate HPP using the SPLASH2 and SPECint 2006 benchmarks. Compared to the existing technique, named BLPT (Ball-Larus-based Path Tracing), HPP generates significantly smaller trace representations and incurs fewer slowdowns to the native executions in online tracing of Phase 1. The HPPDAG instances generated in Phase 2 are significantly smaller than their corresponding BLPT and HPPTree traces. We show that HPPDAG supports efficient backtrace querying, which is a representative path query based on complete control flow trace. Finally, we illustrate the ease of use of HPPDAG by building a novel and highly efficient path profiling technique to demonstrate the applicability of HPPDAG.
Image Quality under Chromatic Impairments
Authors: Bernardo Marco V. , Pinheiro António M. G. , Fiadeiro Paulo T. , Pereira Manuela
Published: August 2016

The influence of chromatic impairments on the perceived image quality is studied in this article. Under the D65 standard illuminant, a set of hyperspectral images were represented into the CIELAB color space, and the corresponding chromatic coordinates were subdivided into clusters with the
k
-means algorithm. Each color cluster was shifted by a predefined chromatic impairment Δ
E
*

ab

with random direction in
a
*
b
*
chromatic coordinates only. Applying impairments of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 in
a
*
b
*
coordinates to five hyperspectral images a set of modified images was generated. Those images were shown to subjects that were asked to rank their quality based on their naturalness. The Mean Opinion Score of the subjective evaluations was computed to quantify the sensitivity to the chromatic variations. This article is also complemented with an objective evaluation of the quality using several state-of-the-art metrics and using the CIEDE2000 color difference among others. Analyzing the correlations between subjective and objective quality evaluation helps us to conclude that the proposed quality estimators based on the CIEDE2000 provide the best representation. Moreover, it was concluded that the established quality metrics only become reliable by averaging their results on each color component.
Lack of Attention to Singular (or Atomic) Requirements Despite Benefits for Quality, Metrics and Management
Authors: Honig William L. , Noda Natsuko , Takada Shingo
Published: August 2016

There are seemingly many advantages to being able to identify, document, test, and trace single or "atomic" requirements. Why then has there been little attention to the topic and no widely used definition or process on how to define atomic requirements? Definitions of requirements and standards focus on user needs, system capabilities or functions; some definitions include making individual requirements singular or without the use of conjunctions. In a few cases there has been a description of atomic system events or requirements. This work is surveyed here although there is no well accepted and used best practice for generating atomic requirements. Due to their importance in software engineering, quality and metrics for requirements have received considerable attention. In the seminal paper on software requirements quality, Davis et al. proposed specific metrics including the "unambiguous quality factor" and the "verifiable quality factor"; these and other metrics work best with a clearly enumerable list of single requirements. Atomic requirements are defined here as a natural language statement that completely describes a single system function, feature, need, or capability, including all information, details, limits, and characteristics. A typical user login screen is used as an example of an atomic requirement which can include both functional and nonfunctional requirements. Individual atomic requirements are supported by a system glossary, references to applicable industry standards, mock ups of the user interface, etc. One way to identify such atomic requirements is from use case or system event analysis. This definition of atomic requirements is still a work in progress and offered to prompt discussion. Atomic requirements allow clear naming or numbering of requirements for traceability, change management, and importance ranking. Further, atomic requirements defined in this manner are suitable for rapid implementation approaches (implementing one requirement at a time), enable good test planning (testing can clearly indicate pass or fail of the whole requirement), and offer other management advantages in project control.
No easy answers in the fight over iPhone decryption
Authors: Wu Felix
Published: August 2016

A look at the legal background and future possibilities for an issue that is likely to reoccur.
"For all" in "computer science for all"
Authors: Ladner Richard E. , Israel Maya
Published: August 2016

Seeking to expand inclusiveness in computer science education.
Enriching visions of sustainability through informal public pedagogies
Authors: Nathan Lisa P. , Meyers Eric M.
Published: August 2016

In this forum we highlight innovative thought, design, and research in the area of interaction design and sustainability, illustrating the diversity of approaches across HCI communities.
--- Lisa Nathan and Samuel Mann, Editors
10 optimizations on linear search
Authors: Limoncelli Thomas A.
Published: August 2016

The operations side of the story.
Fleshing out the generalized Lambert
W
function
Authors: Maignan Aude , Scott Tony C.
Published: August 2016

Herein, we use Hardy's notion of the "false derivative" to obtain exact multiple roots in closed form of the transcendental-algebraic equations representing the generalized Lambert
W
function. In this fashion, we flesh out the generalized Lambert
W
function by complementing previous developments to produce a more complete and integrated body of work. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of this special function with some applications.
The conference "computer algebra" in Moscow
Authors: Abramov Sergei A. , Sevastianov Leonid A.
Published: August 2016

The International Conference "Computer Algebra" was held in Moscow, Russia from June 29 till July 2, 2016. The conference web-site is http://www.ccas.ru/ca/conference. Co-organized by the Dorodnicyn Computing Centre (Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control") of Russian Academy of Sciences and the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. It was devoted to computer algebra and related topics. The conference was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant No. 16-01-20379.
Effects of suplatast tosilate on acutely dissociated sensory and paratracheal ganglia neurons
Authors: Zhou Jian-Rong , Shirasaki Tetsuya , Soeda Fumio , Takahama Kazuo
Published: August 2016

In this study, we investigated the effects of suplatast on acutely dissociated single neurons of sensory and paratracheal ganglia using a patch-clamp technique. Suplatast had little effect on various responses caused by capsaicin, acid, bradykinin, serotonin, and adenosine 5′-triphosphate in rat sensory neurons. Suplatast, even at 10−3M, also did not induce any current at various membrane potentials in rat and guinea pig paratracheal ganglia neurons. Furthermore, acetylcholine- and bradykinin-induced depolarizations were not affected by suplatast. On the other hand, in rat paratracheal ganglia neurons, 10−5M nicotine-induced current were inhibited by suplatast in a concentration-dependent manner with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 9.86 × 10−5M. The effect was noncompetitive and voltage dependent. Furthermore, the effect was use independent and not affected by the pretreatment time of suplatast. The results suggested that suplatast may inhibit neurotransmission at the paratracheal ganglia via the inhibition of nicotinic current. Thus suplatast may attenuate cough production through the improvement of pathological conditions of the lower airway via suppressed acetylcholine release from the postganglionic nerve terminal.
Mast cell degranulation and de novo histamine formation contribute to sustained postexercise vasodilation in humans
Authors: Romero Steven A. , McCord Jennifer L. , Ely Matthew R. , Sieck Dylan C. , Buck Tahisha M. , Luttrell Meredith J. , MacLean David A. , Halliwill John R.
Published: August 2016

In humans, acute aerobic exercise elicits a sustained postexercise vasodilation within previously active skeletal muscle. This response is dependent on activation of histamine H1and H2receptors, but the source of intramuscular histamine remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that interstitial histamine in skeletal muscle would be increased with exercise and would be dependent on de novo formation via the inducible enzyme histidine decarboxylase and/or mast cell degranulation. Subjects performed 1 h of unilateral dynamic knee-extension exercise or sham (seated rest). We measured the interstitial histamine concentration and local blood flow (ethanol washout) via skeletal muscle microdialysis of the vastus lateralis. In some probes, we infused either α-fluoromethylhistidine hydrochloride (α-FMH), a potent inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, or histamine H1/H2-receptor blockers. We also measured interstitial tryptase concentrations, a biomarker of mast cell degranulation. Compared with preexercise, histamine was increased after exercise by a change (Δ) of 4.2 ± 1.8 ng/ml ( P < 0.05), but not when α-FMH was administered (Δ−0.3 ± 1.3 ng/ml, P = 0.9). Likewise, local blood flow after exercise was reduced to preexercise levels by both α-FMH and H1/H2blockade. In addition, tryptase was elevated during exercise by Δ6.8 ± 1.1 ng/ml ( P < 0.05). Taken together, these data suggest that interstitial histamine in skeletal muscle increases with exercise and results from both de novo formation and mast cell degranulation. This suggests that exercise produces an anaphylactoid signal, which affects recovery, and may influence skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Blood flow to previously active skeletal muscle remains elevated following an acute bout of aerobic exercise and is dependent on activation of histamine H1and H2receptors. The intramuscular source of histamine that drives this response to exercise has not been identified. Using intramuscular microdialysis in exercising humans, we show both mast cell degranulation and formation of histamine by histidine decarboxylase contributes to the histamine-mediated vasodilation that occurs following a bout of aerobic exercise.
Serum response factor induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition in glomerular endothelial cells to aggravate proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Zhao Long , Zhao Jun , Wang Xueling , Chen Zhixin , Peng Kexin , Lu Xiaohan , Meng Linghang , Liu Gang , Guan Guangju , Wang Fei
Published: August 2016

We investigated the expression and function of serum response factor (SRF) in endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs) of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The expression of SRF, endothelial markers (VE-cadherin, CD31), and mesenchymal markers (α-SMA, FSP-1, fibronectin) was examined in GEnCs following high glucose or in renal cortex tissues of DN rats. SRF was upregulated by SRF plasmids and downregulated by CCG-1423 (a small molecule inhibitor of SRF) to investigate how SRF influenced EndMT in GEnCs of DN. Streptozocin (STZ) was used to generate diabetes mellitus DM in rats. In GEnCs after high glucose treatment and in renal cortex tissues of diabetic rats, SRF, α-SMA, FSP-1, and fibronectin increased, while VE-cadherin and CD31 declined. SRF overexpression in GEnCs induced expression of Snail, an important transcription factor mediating EndMT. Blockade of SRF reduced Snail induction, protected GEnCs from EndMT, and ameliorated proteinuria. Together, increased SRF activity provokes EndMT and barrier dysfunction of GEnCs in DN. Targeting SRF by small molecule inhibitor may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for DN.
A Pilot Study of Preoperative Single-Dose Ipilimumab and/or Cryoablation in Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer with Comprehensive Immune Profiling
Authors: McArthur Heather L. , Diab Adi , Page David B. , Yuan Jianda , Solomon Stephen B. , Sacchini Virgilio , Comstock Christopher , Durack Jeremy C. , Maybody Majid , Sung Janice , Ginsberg Arielle , Wong Phillip , Barlas Afsar , Dong Zhiwan , Zhao Chunjun , Blum Brian , Patil Sujata , Neville Deirdre , Comen Elizabeth A. , Morris Elizabeth A. , Kotin Alan , Brogi Edi , Wen Y. Hannah , Morrow Monica , Lacouture Mario E. , Sharma Padmanee , Allison James P. , Hudis Clifford A. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Norton Larry
Published: August 2016

Purpose: To assess the safety and tolerability of preoperative cryoablation-mediated tumor antigen presentation and/or ipilimumab-mediated immune modulation in women with operable breast cancer.

Experimental Design: In this pilot study, 19 women with breast cancer for whom mastectomy was planned were treated with preoperative tumor cryoablation (n = 7), single-dose ipilimumab at 10 mg/kg (n = 6), or both (n = 6). The primary outcome for this pilot study was safety/tolerability as defined as freedom from delays in pre-planned, curative-intent mastectomy. Exploratory studies of immune activation were performed on peripheral blood and tumor.

Results: Preoperative cryoablation and/or ipilimumab were safe and tolerable, with no delays in pre-planned surgery. Grade III toxicity was seen in 1 of 19 (unrelated rash after ipilimumab). Combination therapy was associated with sustained peripheral elevations in: Th1-type cytokines, activated (ICOS+) and proliferating (Ki67+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and posttreatment proliferative T-effector cells relative to T-regulatory cells within tumor.

Conclusions: Preoperative cryoablation and single-dose ipilimumab are safe alone or in combination with no surgical delays incurred. Potentially favorable intratumoral and systemic immunologic effects were observed with the combination, suggesting the possibility for induced and synergistic antitumor immunity with this strategy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5729–37. ©2016 AACR.
Cooperative Dynamics of AR and ER Activity in Breast Cancer
Authors: D'Amato Nicholas C. , Gordon Michael A. , Babbs Beatrice , Spoelstra Nicole S. , Carson Butterfield Kiel T. , Torkko Kathleen C. , Phan Vernon T. , Barton Valerie N. , Rogers Thomas J. , Sartorius Carol A. , Elias Anthony , Gertz Jason , Jacobsen Britta M. , Richer Jennifer K.
Published: August 2016

Androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in 90% of estrogen receptor alpha–positive (ER+) breast tumors, but its role in tumor growth and progression remains controversial. Use of two anti-androgens that inhibit AR nuclear localization, enzalutamide and MJC13, revealed that AR is required for maximum ER genomic binding. Here, a novel global examination of AR chromatin binding found that estradiol induced AR binding at unique sites compared with dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Estradiol-induced AR-binding sites were enriched for estrogen response elements and had significant overlap with ER-binding sites. Furthermore, AR inhibition reduced baseline and estradiol-mediated proliferation in multiple ER+/AR+ breast cancer cell lines, and synergized with tamoxifen and fulvestrant. In vivo, enzalutamide significantly reduced viability of tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 xenograft tumors and an ER+/AR+ patient-derived model. Enzalutamide also reduced metastatic burden following cardiac injection. Finally, in a comparison of ER+/AR+ primary tumors versus patient-matched local recurrences or distant metastases, AR expression was often maintained even when ER was reduced or absent. These data provide preclinical evidence that anti-androgens that inhibit AR nuclear localization affect both AR and ER, and are effective in combination with current breast cancer therapies. In addition, single-agent efficacy may be possible in tumors resistant to traditional endocrine therapy, as clinical specimens of recurrent disease demonstrate AR expression in tumors with absent or refractory ER.

Implications: This study suggests that AR plays a previously unrecognized role in supporting E2-mediated ER activity in ER+/AR+ breast cancer cells, and that enzalutamide may be an effective therapeutic in ER+/AR+ breast cancers. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1054–67. ©2016 AACR.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Kidney and Pregnancy Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Liu Youxia , Ma Xinxin , Zheng Jie , Liu Xiangchun , Yan Tiekun
Published: August 2016

Background: The outcomes of pregnancy in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) remain controversial. We sought to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on the progression of IgAN as well as the impact of IgAN on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase for cohort or case-control studies. OR reductions were calculated with a random-effects model, and kidney outcomes and adverse pregnancy events were analyzed. Results: Our literature search returned 652 relevant articles; 4 studies were included, providing data of 376 pregnancies in 273 patients with IgAN and that of 241 IgAN who did not become pregnant. Four hundred sixty seven patients with chronic kidney disease stages 1-2 were included. Pregnancy in patients with IgAN did not increase the risk of adverse renal events including doubling of serum creatinine, 50% decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and end-stage kidney disease (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.55-1.70; p = 0.90; I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.79). There was no significant difference in the change in estimated GFR at the end of follow-up in the pregnant and non-pregnant groups (weighted mean difference 0.1 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI -4.85 to 5.04 ml/min/1.73 m2), p = 0.97; I2 = 0%, p = 0.95). Women with IgAN had high rates of infant loss (12.2, 7.4-19.4%), preterm delivery (8.5, 5.9-12.1%), low birth weight (9.5, 6.7-13.3%), and preeclampsia/severe preeclampsia (7.3, 4.9-10.6%). Conclusions: Pregnancy in IgAN patients with preserved kidney function did not accelerate deterioration of renal function. But pregnant women with IgAN are at higher risk of pregnancy complications.
Interventional Therapy of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Mao Aiwu
Published: August 2016

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in China. Despite a lot of advances in diagnosis and therapy, the survival rate of patients with EC is low. There is urgent need for a variety of methods and techniques to improve the survival time and alleviate the lesions of EC. Nowadays, alternative and less invasive approaches to the treatment of ECs are being identified. Here, we review several main interventional methods at different stages of EC, including endoscopic resection, stent placement, arterial infusion, photodynamic therapy, and radiofrequency ablation. This review will focus on the indications, methods, clinical outcomes, and complications of these methods, which may help guide the way forward.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Increased Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis Levels Are Independent Predictors of Dyslipidemia in Youth
Authors: Erkenekli Kudret , Oztas Efser , Kuscu Elif , Keskin Uğur , Kurt Yasemin Gulcan , Tas Ahmet , Yilmaz Nafiye
Published: August 2016

Background/Aims: Dyslipidemia is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) irrespective of age. Our aim was to investigate soluble tumor necrosis factor like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK), a cardiovascular risk marker in PCOS, and to determine if it is associated with dyslipidemia in youth. Methods: A prospective-observational study was carried out including 35 PCOS patients and 35 healthy controls. Serum sTWEAK levels were measured using commercially available kits. Multiple logistic regression analysis was then performed to verify the statistically significant differences in the possible predictors of dyslipidemia. Results: Serum sTWEAK levels and the percentage of women with dyslipidemia were significantly higher in the PCOS group (p = 0.024 and p < 0.001, respectively). Participants were further divided into 2 subgroups based on the presence of dyslipidemia. The percentage of women with PCOS was significantly higher in the dyslipidemic group when compared with controls; 70.7 vs. 20.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that both the presence of PCOS (OR 7.924, 95% CI 2.117-29.657, p = 0.002) and increased levels of sTWEAK (>693 pg/ml; OR 3.810, 95% CI 1.075-13.501, p = 0.038) were independently associated with dyslipidemia. Conclusions: Increased levels of both sTWEAK and PCOS were found to be independently associated with dyslipidemia in youth.
Bortezomib Effects on Human Microvascular Endothelium in vitro
Authors: Sahni Abha , Thomasson Erica D. , Shah Riya , Sahni Sanjeev K.
Published: August 2016

Cellular oxidative stress in the endothelium of blood vessels leads to several pathophysiological sequelae, including vascular damage and dysfunction, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) provides protection against oxidative stress-induced cell death and plays a crucial role in the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in endothelial cells. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of bortezomib, a clinically used proteasome inhibitor, on the regulation of HO-1 and COX-2 in cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs). Bortezomib treatment of HMECS induced dose- and time-dependent expression of HO-1 and COX-2 mRNA and protein, and triggered nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related transcription factor (Nrf2). These findings suggest that HO-1/COX-2-mediated induction of antioxidant mechanisms via Nrf2 activation may contribute to the cytoprotective effects of bortezomib in microvascular endothelium.
Cerebellar Infarction and Factors Associated with Delayed Presentation and Misdiagnosis
Authors: Calic Zeljka , Cappelen-Smith Cecilia , Anderson Craig S. , Xuan Wei , Cordato Dennis J.
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose: The diagnosis of cerebellar infarction (CBI) is often challenging due to non-specific or subtle presenting symptoms and signs. We aimed to determine whether a common syndromic cluster of symptoms, signs or vascular risk factors were associated with delayed presentation or misdiagnosis to an Emergency Department (ED). The degree of misdiagnosis between ED and neurology physicians and the influence of delayed presentation or misdiagnosis on outcome were also investigated. Methods: A prospective study of CBI patients at a large tertiary-referral hospital with a comprehensive stroke service. Data are reported with OR and 95% CIs. Results: Of 115 consecutive CBI patients (mean age ± SD 66 ± 14 years, 51% male), infarction was isolated to the cerebellum in 46%; the remainder had additional vascular territory involvement (‘mixed CBI'). Most patients (n = 79, 69%) had a mild stroke (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score ≤4), and tended to present late to ED (>4.5 h; p = 0.05). Dysarthria (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.6-9.6, p = 0.003) and prior history of atrial fibrillation (AF; OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.02-9.1, p = 0.047) predicted early presentation (<4.5 h; in 52%). Neurological signs (as determined by neurology physicians) were more commonly absent in patients with isolated CBI (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.2-13.3, p = 0.03) who were also less likely to receive acute stroke therapy (p = 0.03). ED physicians detected fewer neurological signs than neurology physicians (mean 1 vs. 2 signs, p < 0.001), and 34% of CBI patients were misdiagnosed, with peripheral vestibulopathy being the most common alternative diagnosis. Nausea and vomiting (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.01-5.5, p = 0.046), absence of neurological signs as determined by ED physicians (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.5-8.0, p = 0.003) and isolated CBI (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.01-4.8, p = 0.047) correlated with misdiagnosis. Vascular territory involvement did not correlate with time to presentation or misdiagnosis. At 3 months, 65% of patients were functionally independent (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0-2). History of hypertension (p = 0.008), AF (p = 0.012), mixed CBI (p = 0.004) and in-hospital stroke-related complications (p < 0.001) were associated with patients having a poor outcome (mRS ≥3). At 3 months, mortality was 16%, and AF was the only predictor of death (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.1-8.9, p = 0.03). Late presentation to ED and misdiagnosis did not significantly influence 3-month functional outcome. Conclusions: Late ED presentation and misdiagnosis are common for CBI. Timely diagnosis of CBI may increase opportunity for acute stroke therapies and reduce risk of stroke-related complications.
Kidney Blow Out Due to Inguinal Herniation of the Ureter in an Infant
Authors: Bosschieter Judith , van Roij Kris , Ahmadi N. , Bokenkamp A. , van der Horst H.J.R.
Published: August 2016

Ureteroinguinal herniation is a rare event, usually diagnosed during the surgical repair of inguinal hernias. Here, we describe the first case of a kidney blow out due to this condition in a male infant.
Antropologia e Comunicação para o fortalecimento de novos campos
Authors: Dias Luciene Oliveira , Freire Ralyanara Moreira
Published: August 2016

A partir das teorias antropológicas e comunicacionais, propomos diálogos e distanciamentos entre Antropologia e Comunicação com o objetivo de fortalecer um campo de conhecimento, em termos epistemológicos e metodológicos. As inquietações surgem de nossas atuações como antropólogas e jornalistas em cursos de graduação e mestrado em Comunicação Social/Jornalismo e os trabalhos são realizados no Núcleo de Pesquisa em Comunicação e Diferença, da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Considerando a chamada inter-poli-transdisciplinaridade, mas sem negligenciar a etnografia como proposta teórica e metodológica, abordamos cultura na contemporaneidade como elemento constitutivo do campo comunicacional, lido a partir da Antropologia. Metodologias de investigação e interpretação da Comunicação e da cultura, na perspectiva antropológica, também são exploradas neste trabalho com o objetivo de ampliar campos e construir saberes.
Marcelo Engel Bronosky - O Jornalista da Resistência
Authors: Maluly Luciano Victor Barros
Published: August 2016

Ele é considerado um “lutador” em defesa dos cursos de formação em jornalismo, tanto que é um dos fundadores do Curso de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Jornalismo da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), no Paraná (Brasil), onde atua desde os tempos de graduação. Debates polêmicos em torno do Jornalismo de Resistência, dos Manuais de Redação, dos Jornais-Laboratório, da qualidade dos cursos de jornalismo e da divulgação científica integram os estudos do professor e pesquisador Marcelo Engel Bronosky, doutor em Ciências da Comunicação (UNISINOS) e coordenador do Grupo de Pesquisa em Lógicas de Produção e Consumo do Jornalismo.Palavras-chave: Jornalismo de Resistência; Jornal-Laboratório; Manuais de Redação; Qualidade da formação do jornalista
Mujeres y tecnologías digitales. Antecedentes del campo de los estudios de género para el análisis de esta confluencia
Authors: Ficoseco Veronica Sofia
Published: August 2016

Este artigo apresenta e sistematiza linhas de pesquisa com perspectiva de gênero que abordam a questão das relações sociais e a tecnologia a partir de enfoques que tornam visíveis e problematizam o lugar e a situação das mulheres em cada área, bem como a manifestação que as relações de gênero adquirem – como relações de poder - quando são analisadas do ponto de vista da tecnologia. Nos concentramos em tecnologias digitais específicamente, considerando por um lado sua materialidade e, por outro lado, o espaço de relações mediado que criam. As linhas de pesquisa são apresentadas sistematicamente e agrupadas em três pontos de análise de acordo com a forma como a relação entre tecnologia e sociedade é concebida em cada uma delas.
Espaços urbanos, segregação social e consumo simbólico: um estudo sobre a cobertura dos rolezinhos em Teresina/PI
Authors: Lima Flora Fernades , Sousa Leila Lima de
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo propõe analisar a cobertura do site noticioso CidadeVerde.com sobre rolezinhos realizados em Teresina-PI, nos meses de março e abril de 2014. Ao todo, seis matérias foram analisadas através da técnica de análise de conteúdo categorial (BARDIN, 2011). Tendo como aporte teórico temas como representação, subjetividade, identidades, segregação e medo, fazemos uso de autores como Moscovici (2010), Arguello (2005), Foucault (2012), entre outros, para explicar como as instituições e a organização social atuam na fabricação de representações e segregação de determinados grupos, excluindo-os de espaços até mesmo simbólicos de pertencimento. Como conclusão, acreditamos que os meios de comunicação, validados por representações naturalizadas no imaginário social, fabricam e reforçam estereótipos que representam, de uma maneira generalista, o medo e a violência.
A reterritorialização da Marchinha: O carnaval “caipira" de São Luís do Paraitinga
Authors: Guimarães Antonio Carlos M. , Barja Paulo Roxo
Published: August 2016

Desde a composição “Ó Abre Alas”, de Chiquinha Gonzaga, há mais de 100 anos as marchinhas são presença maciça no carnaval em todo o Brasil, tanto nos salões como na rua. No presente trabalho avaliamos possíveis explicações para a prevalência das marchinhas no carnaval brasileiro, enfocando a produção carioca (berço por excelência da marchinha) e o festival de marchinhas de São Luiz do Paraitinga, no interior de SP.
What is fundamental for the maintenance of excellence in scientific periodicals?
Authors: Parrish II Richard K.
Published: August 2016

I am honored to contribute to this centenary edition of what will mark a landmark in the publication of medical science for the Revista de Medicina from the University of Sao Paulo Medical School. In response to the question, “What is fundamental for the maintenance of excellence in scientific periodicals?”, as an author, clinician scientist, and the Editor in Chief of the American Journal of Ophthalmology, my answer has remained the same. The criteria for meaningful scientific contributions in clinical medicine are threefold. [...]
Innovation and integration at the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Authors: Wing Edward J. , Dollase Richard , Dumenco Luba , George Paul
Published: August 2016

As Dean of Medicine and Biological Sciences for Brown University from 2008-2013, I oversaw a curriculum that reflects the core of what I believe are the essential components of a medical student’s education. This article describes the philosophy and content of that curriculum.[...]
Stimulating undergraduate medical students’ scientific careers: the Groningen concept
Authors: Van der Wouden Johanna M. , Schönrock-Adema Johanna , Jaarsma A. Debbie C.
Published: August 2016

For many medical students entering medical school, becoming a physician-scientist is not the first career opportunity they depicted for themselves. Most students start medical school with the idea of becoming a professional medical doctor using scientific knowledge in direct patient care and in the development of protocols and guidelines. With the rapid growth of scientific knowledge and the fast development of new medical techniques and treatment options, the need for more physician-scientists is more urging then ever.[...]
The Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMUSP) Internationalization Strategy
Authors: Almeida Talita de
Published: August 2016

Well established as one of the most prestigious public universities in Brazil, the University of São Paulo (USP) was in 2015, ranked first in the Latin American rankings, 9th in the BRICS ranking and 132nd in the QS World University Rankings 2014/15. With a large community of around 90,000 students, the University of São Paulo is located in São Paulo, Brazil’s most populous city, and has campi placed in seven towns spread throughout the state of São Paulo.[...]
Internationalization at the University of São Paulo
Authors: Machado Neto Raul
Published: August 2016

The University of São Paulo, founded in 1934, started under the influence of important foreigners academicians in our campuses. The beginning of our university was the result of a fusion of the already existing colleges – Law School, School of Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Dentistry, College of Agriculture, Medical School, and School of Veterinary Medicine. In addition, in 1934, the School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters was created being responsible for human sciences – Philosophy, History, Geography, Sociology – and hard sciences – Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry – that academically amalgamated the professional existing colleges. In the thirties, we benefited from the instabilities in Europe and important professors came to the University of São Paulo contributing remarkably to our successful trajectory.[...]
Políticas públicas e ações de incentivo à leitura promovidas por organizações empresariais sob a ótica da responsabilidade social
Authors: Ferreira Adam Felipe , Sardelari Íris Marques Tavares , Castro Filho Claudio Marcondes de
Published: August 2016

A descoberta da imprensa possibilitou o acesso a obras literárias e à informação, antes restritas aos detentores do poder, como ordens religiosas, reis ou nobres. Entretanto, os altos índices de analfabetismo ainda eram uma barreira para que cada vez mais pessoas tivessem acesso à informação. Até meados do século XX, metade da população brasileira ainda era analfabeta, mas o estabelecimento de políticas públicas e ações da iniciativa privada contribuíram para mudar esta realidade. Diante desse contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo discorrer sobre políticas públicas e ações de incentivo à leitura promovidas por organizações empresariais, no âmbito de suas estratégias de responsabilidade social, que contribuíram para a mudança dessa realidade. Para isso, por meio de uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória e qualitativa, elaboramos uma revisão da literatura com o objetivo de apresentar as políticas públicas voltadas ao incentivo à leitura, bem como, com base no ranking da Revista Fortune das maiores empresas, escolhemos as 7 empresas brasileiras constantes desse ranking para demonstrar o que elas têm feito para incentivar a leitura no Brasil. Como conclusão apontamos as ações de incentivo à leitura da iniciativa privada juntamente com as políticas públicas desenvolvidas e implementadas no Brasil e que ainda acontecem de forma muito tímida, comparadas com a realidade desta sociedade, que possui em sua grande maioria indivíduos com dificuldades e limitações para a escrita, leitura e reflexão.
Editorial
Authors: Sabbag Deise Maria Antonio
Published: August 2016

Biblioteca Escolar em Revista, Ribeirão Preto, v. 5, n. 1, 2016.
Indigenous ornamental freshwater ichthyofauna of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India: status and prospects
Authors: Gupta Sandipan , Dubey Sourabh Kumar , Trivedi Raman Kumar , Chand Bimal Kinkar , Banerjee Samir
Published: August 2016

Ornamental fishes are the most popular pet throughout the world and high demand for these fishes has made them an important component of the world fish trade. India contributes a very meager percentage to the world ornamental fish trade; but considering the high ichthyofaunal diversity it has the potential to compete with the world’s leading ornamental fish producers in the near future. Sundarban Biosphere Reserve has abundant waterbodies with rich fish diversity. Although some research has been carried out on ichthyofaunal resources of the Sundarban; detailed documentation on freshwater indigenous ornamental ichthyofaunal resources of this region is still not available. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study has been conducted to list the indigenous ornamental ichthyofaunal resources of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve along with their conservation status and their prospective utilization for improved livelihood of local communities. Eighty four species belonging to 11 orders, 28 families and 59 genera were collected from the study area with species representing the order Cypriniformes dominating the ichthyofauna. Nine species have been listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™. Indigenous fish species of the Sundarban having great potential to support domestic as well as the international ornamental fish trade from India in near future. The ornamental fish species would also be able to generate alternate livelihood options for the impecunious communities of the Sundarban. However, serious concern must also be paid to the conservation of these fish species as some of them are under near threatened categories of IUCN Red list.
Habitat preference and roosting behaviour of the Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus (Aves: Galliformes: Phasianidae) in Deva Vatala National Park, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
Authors: Akrim Faraz , Mahmood Tariq , Awan Muhammad Siddique , Butt Siddiqa Qasim , . Durr-e-Shawar , Asadi Muhammad Arslan , Zangi Imad-ul-din
Published: August 2016

In Pakistan the Red Junglefowl is reported only from Deva Vatala National Park.  The present study investigated the habitat preference and roosting behavior of the Red Junglefowl in three different habitat types which included a wild area, cultivated lands and a human settlement area.  Habitat preference during the summer season comprised 87.50% wild area, 2.5% cultivated area and 10% human settlement area; during the winter season, the preference was 90% wild area and 10% human settlement area.  More numbers of female birds (22) were seen during both the seasons as compared to males (17).  The birds preferred old trees for roosting.  A total of 16 roost sites were explored on five different tree species; including Acacia nilotica (25%), Acacia modesta (12.5%), Olea ferruginea (18.75%), Magnifera indica (25%) and Dalbergia sissoo (18.75%).  The species roosted in groups of 4-8 birds and the duration of the average roosting time was about eight and half hours.  We propose that similar studies on the ecology of Red Junglefowl should be conducted to get a better understanding of the species in the study area which is perquisite for its conservation.
The decline of the interspecific agonistic displays in an adult female Indian Eagle Owl Bubo bengalensis (Aves: Strigiformes: Strigidae): a case of habituation to human approach
Authors: Ramanujam M. Eric
Published: August 2016

Habituation to humans was observed in a single breeding female Bubo bengalensis and the responses documented.  It was observed that owls recognize threats, and differentiate between people.  The data shows how ‘familiarity’ can result in reduced flight range and agonistic displays.  It was found that the most familiar observers elucidated the least response to human intrusion whereas the role of unfamiliar intrusion had an adverse affect which prevented further studies of the subject.
Metabolic Reprogramming Regulates the Proliferative and Inflammatory Phenotype of Adventitial Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Hypertension Through the Transcriptional Corepressor C-Terminal Binding Protein-1
Authors: Li Min , Riddle Suzette , Zhang Hui , D’Alessandro Angelo , Flockton Amanda , Serkova Natalie J. , Hansen Kirk C. , Moldovan Radu , McKeon B. Alexandre , Frid Maria , Kumar Sushil , Li Hong , Liu Hongbing , Caánovas Angela , Medrano Juan F. , Thomas Milton G. , Iloska Dijana , Plecitá-Hlavatá Lydie , Ježek Petr , Pullamsetti Soni , Fini Mehdi A. , El Kasmi Karim C. , Zhang QingHong , Stenmark Kurt R.
Published: August 2016

Background:

Changes in metabolism have been suggested to contribute to the aberrant phenotype of vascular wall cells, including fibroblasts, in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Here, we test the hypothesis that metabolic reprogramming to aerobic glycolysis is a critical adaptation of fibroblasts in the hypertensive vessel wall that drives proliferative and proinflammatory activation through a mechanism involving increased activity of the NADH-sensitive transcriptional corepressor C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1).

Methods:

RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction,
13
C–nuclear magnetic resonance, fluorescence-lifetime imaging, mass spectrometry–based metabolomics, and tracing experiments with U-
13
C-glucose were used to assess glycolytic reprogramming and to measure the NADH/NAD
+
ratio in bovine and human adventitial fibroblasts and mouse lung tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess CtBP1 expression in the whole-lung tissues. CtBP1 siRNA and the pharmacological inhibitor 4-methylthio-2-oxobutyric acid (MTOB) were used to abrogate CtBP1 activity in cells and hypoxic mice.

Results:

We found that adventitial fibroblasts from calves with severe hypoxia-induced PH and humans with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH-Fibs) displayed aerobic glycolysis when cultured under normoxia, accompanied by increased free NADH and NADH/NAD
+
ratios. Expression of the NADH sensor CtBP1 was increased in vivo and in vitro in fibroblasts within the pulmonary adventitia of humans with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and animals with PH and cultured PH-Fibs, respectively. Decreasing NADH pharmacologically with MTOB or genetically blocking CtBP1 with siRNA upregulated the cyclin-dependent genes (p15 and p21) and proapoptotic regulators (NOXA and PERP), attenuated proliferation, corrected the glycolytic reprogramming phenotype of PH-Fibs, and augmented transcription of the anti-inflammatory gene
HMOX1
. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that CtBP1 directly binds the
HMOX1
promoter. Treatment of hypoxic mice with MTOB decreased glycolysis and expression of inflammatory genes, attenuated proliferation, and suppressed macrophage numbers and remodeling in the distal pulmonary vasculature.

Conclusions:

CtBP1 is a critical factor linking changes in cell metabolism to cell phenotype in hypoxic and other forms of PH and a therapeutic target.
Atrial Fibrillation in Transient Ischemic Attack Versus Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Buchwald Fredrik , Norrving Bo , Petersson Jesper
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose—

Compared with ischemic stroke (IS), the association of atrial fibrillation (AF) with transient ischemic attack (TIA) is less well established. We aimed to assess the proportion of AF in patients with TIA, and these patients’ characteristics and secondary preventive treatment in comparison to patients with IS.

Methods—

Hospital-based data on TIA and IS events, registered from July 2011 to June 2013, were obtained from the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke). A time-based TIA definition (duration of symptoms <24 hours) was applied. AF was registered as present when previously known or diagnosed at the time of assessment.

Results—

AF was present in 2779 of 14 980 (18.6%) patients with TIA and 13 258 of 44 173 (30.0%) patients with IS. The proportion of AF increased with age, reaching 32.9% in TIA and 46.6% in IS patients ≥85 years. Both in TIA and IS, age, hypertension, a history of stroke, and TIA, and being a nonsmoker were associated with the presence of AF. In contrast to IS, AF was less common in female than in male patients with TIA. At discharge, 64.2% of TIA and 50.0% of IS patients with AF were treated with oral anticoagulants. Proportions of AF patients treated with oral anticoagulants decreased substantially with increasing age.

Conclusions—

AF is highly prevalent not only in IS but also in TIA patients, with proportions steeply increasing with age. In both TIA and IS, a substantial proportion of patients with AF were discharged without anticoagulant therapy.
Counting counts: revised estimates of numbers of accepted species of flowering plants, seed plants, vascular plants and land plants with a review of other recent estimates
Authors: LUGHADHA EIMEAR NIC , GOVAERTS RAFAËL , BELYAEVA IRINA , BLACK NICHOLAS , LINDON HEATHER , ALLKIN ROBERT , MAGILL ROBERT E. , NICOLSON NICKY
Published: August 2016

We present revised estimates of the numbers of accepted species of flowering plants (369,434), seed plants (370,492), vascular plants (383,671) and land plants (403,911) based on a recently de-duplicated version of the International Plant Names Index and rates of synonymy calculated from the seed plant families published in the World checklist of selected plant families. Alternative approaches to estimating or calculating the number of accepted plant species are discussed and differences between results are highlighted and interpreted.