bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HSP60-regulated Mitochondrial Proteostasis and Protein Translation Promote Tumor Growth of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Guo Jianying , Li Xiao , Zhang Wenhao , Chen Yuling , Zhu Songbiao , Chen Liang , Xu Renhua , Lv Yang , Wu Di , Guo Mingzhou , Liu Xiaohui , Lu Weiguo , Deng Haiteng
Published: September 2019

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological carcinoma due to the lack of diagnostic markers and effective drug targets. Discovery of new therapeutic targets in OC to improve the treatment outcome is urgently needed. We performed proteomic analysis of OC specimens and the paired normal tissues and revealed that proteins associated with mitochondrial proteostasis and protein translation were highly expressed in ovarian tumor tissues, indicating that mitochondria are required for tumor progression of OC. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), an important mitochondrial chaperone, was upregulated in ovarian tumors. HSP60 silencing significantly attenuated growth of OC cells in both cells and mice xenografts. Proteomic analysis revealed that HSP60 silencing downregulated proteins involved in mitochondrial functions and protein synthesis. Metabolomic analysis revealed that HSP60 silencing resulted in a more than 100-fold increase in cellular adenine levels, leading to increased adenosine monophosphate and an activated AMPK pathway, and consequently reduced mTORC1-mediated S6K and 4EBP1 phosphorylation to inhibit protein synthesis that suppressed the proliferation of OC cells. These results suggest that HSP60 knockdown breaks mitochondrial proteostasis, and inactivates the mTOR pathway to inhibit OC progression, suggesting that HSP60 is a potential therapeutic target for OC treatment.
Optimisation of robust singleplex and multiplex droplet digital PCR assays for high confidence mutation detection in circulating tumour DNA
Authors: Rowlands Vicky , Rutkowski Andrzej J. , Meuser Elena , Carr T. Hedley , Harrington Elizabeth A. , Barrett J. Carl
Published: September 2019

Liquid biopsies offer the potential to monitor cancer response and resistance to therapeutics in near real-time. However, the plasma cell free DNA (cfDNA) level can be low and the fraction of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) bearing a mutation – lower still. Detection of tumour-derived mutations in ctDNA is thus challenging and requires highly sensitive and specific assays. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a technique that enables exquisitely sensitive detection and quantification of DNA/RNA markers from very limiting clinical samples, including plasma. The Bio-Rad QX200 ddPCR system provides absolute quantitation of target DNA molecules using fluorescent dual-labelled probes. Critical to accurate sample analysis are validated assays that are highly specific, reproducible, and with known performance characteristics, especially with respect to false positives. We present a systematic approach to the development and optimisation of singleplex and multiplex ddPCR assays for the detection of point mutations with a focus on ensuring extremely low false positives whilst retaining high sensitivity. We also present a refined method to determine cfDNA extraction efficiency allowing for more accurate extrapolation of mutational levels in source samples. We have applied these approaches to successfully analyse many ctDNA samples from multiple clinical studies and generated exploratory data of high quality.
Performance of novel MgS doped cellulose nanofibres for Cd(II) removal from industrial effluent – mechanism and optimization
Authors: Sankararamakrishnan Nalini , Singh Rishabh , Srivastava Ila
Published: September 2019

Green environment friendly and novel nano MgS decorated cellulose nanofibres (MgS@CNF) were prepared, characterized and evaluated towards the removal of heavy metal namely, cadmium from aqueous solutions. Cellulose nanofibres acted as a template for effective dispersion of MgS nanoparticles and also aid in the complexation of cadmium ions. In depth X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR) studies revealed that doped MgS on mild acidification yields insitu production of H2S which effectively complexes cadmium ion to form cadmium sulfide. The reaction followed pseudo first order kinetics with regression coefficient in the order of 0.98. A very high Langmuir adsorption capacity in the order of 333.33 mg/g was obtained for MgS@CNF. Finally, MgS@CNF was applied towards the removal of cadmium from organic and TDS rich tannery waste water. MgS@CNF was effective in bringing down the concentration from ppm to ppb levels.
Modeling the Interplay between Photosynthesis, CO2 Fixation, and the Quinone Pool in a Purple Non-Sulfur Bacterium
Authors: Alsiyabi Adil , Immethun Cheryl M. , Saha Rajib
Published: September 2019

Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 is a purple non-sulfur bacterium that can fix carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen or break down organic compounds for its carbon and nitrogen requirements. Light, inorganic, and organic compounds can all be used for its source of energy. Excess electrons produced during its metabolic processes can be exploited to produce hydrogen gas or biodegradable polyesters. A genome-scale metabolic model of the bacterium was reconstructed to study the interactions between photosynthesis, CO2 fixation, and the redox state of the quinone pool. A comparison of model-predicted flux values with available Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA) fluxes yielded predicted errors of 5–19% across four different growth substrates. The model predicted the presence of an unidentified sink responsible for the oxidation of excess quinols generated by the TCA cycle. Furthermore, light-dependent energy production was found to be highly dependent on the quinol oxidation rate. Finally, the extent of CO2 fixation was predicted to be dependent on the amount of ATP generated through the electron transport chain, with excess ATP going toward the energy-demanding Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) pathway. Based on this analysis, it is hypothesized that the quinone redox state acts as a feed-forward controller of the CBB pathway, signaling the amount of ATP available.
Effects of Preservative-free 3% Diquafosol in Patients with Pre-existing Dry Eye Disease after Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jun Ikhyun , Choi Seonghee , Lee Geun Young , Choi Young Joon , Lee Hyung Keun , Kim Eung Kweon , Seo Kyoung Yul , Kim Tae-im
Published: September 2019

Dry eye disease (DED) after cataract surgery has become a critical concern, and various therapeutic options have been developed. Recently, preservative-free diquafosol ophthalmic solution has been introduced; however, its therapeutic effect on DED after cataract surgery has not been reported. We investigated the efficacy of preservative-free diquafosol in patients with pre-existing DED after cataract surgery. We divided subjects who were diagnosed with DED and scheduled to undergo cataract surgery, into 3 groups (preservative-free diquafosol, group 1; preservative-containing diquafosol, group 2; preservative-free hyaluronate, group 3), and each eye drops was administered 6 times daily after surgery. Tear break up time (TBUT), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), corneal staining score, lid margin abnormality, and meibum quality improved over time in group 1. Groups 1 and 2 had significantly superior TBUT, meibomian gland dysfunction grade, and meibomian gland expressibility throughout the study period than group 3. Meibum quality of group 1 was significantly better than group 2 at 1 and 3 months after surgery. Preservative-free diquafosol showed better efficacy in treating DED after cataract surgery than preservative-containing diquafosol or preservative-free hyaluronate. Preservative-free diquafosol may serve as a reliable option for the management of patients with pre-existing DED after phacoemulsification.
Silkworms as a factory of functional wearable energy storage fabrics
Authors: Ali Basant A. , Allam Nageh K.
Published: September 2019

Feeding Bombyx mori larvae with chemically-modified diets affects the structure and properties of the resulted silk. Herein, we provide a road map for the use of silkworms as a factory to produce semiconducting/metallic natural silk that can be used in many technological applications such as supercapacitor electrodes. The silkworms were fed with four different types of chemicals; carbon material (graphite), sulfide (MoS2), oxide (TiO2 nanotubes), and a mixture of reactive chemicals (KMnO4/MnCl2). All the fed materials were successfully integrated into the resulted silk. The capacitive performance of the resulted silk was evaluated as self-standing fabric electrodes as well as on glassy carbon substrates. The self-standing silk and the silk@glassy carbon substrate showed a great enhancement in the capacitive performance over that of the unmodified counterparts. The specific capacitance of the self-standing blank silk negative and positive electrodes was enhanced 4 and 5 folds at 10 mV/s, respectively upon the modification with KMnO4/MnCl2 compared to that of the plain silk electrodes.
Author Correction: mPEG-PLA and PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles as new carriers for delivery of recombinant human Growth Hormone (rhGH)
Authors: Ghasemi Rohollah , Abdollahi Mahdi , Emamgholi Zadeh Elaheh , Khodabakhshi Khosrow , Badeli Ali , Bagheri Hamed , Hosseinkhani Saman
Published: September 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Community Detection on Networks with Ricci Flow
Authors: Ni Chien-Chun , Lin Yu-Yao , Luo Feng , Gao Jie
Published: September 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Construction of a DNA-AuNP-based satellite network for exosome analysis
Authors: Gao Mei-Ling , Yin Bin-Cheng , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: September 2019

As exosomes have been playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diseases, the analysis of exosome contents becomes more crucial.
Capillary introduction mass spectrometry coupled with selective cryotrapping for analysis of volatile compounds in water
Authors: Xu Siyu , Shi Wenyan , Yu Quan , Wang Xiaohao
Published: September 2019

This study aims to improve sampling efficiency by coupling capillary introduction (CI) with cryotrapping to implement selective removal of water.
The catalytic and radical mechanism for ethanol oxidation to acetic acid
Authors: Mostrou Sotiria , Nagl Andreas , Ranocchiari Marco , Föttinger Karin , van Bokhoven Jeroen A.
Published: September 2019

Liquid-phase ethanol oxidation to acetic acid proceeds in two steps: catalytic ethanol oxidation and non-catalytic acetaldehyde autoxidation. The balance between the two-steps coincides in the acetic acid formation and provides information for designing selective catalysts.
A metal-catalyzed thermal polymerization strategy toward atomically dispersed catalysts
Authors: Chen Lin-Wei , Wu Zhen-Yu , Nan Hang , Wang Lei , Chu Sheng-Qi , Liang Hai-Wei
Published: September 2019

Isolated metal atom catalysts hosted by a polymer-like carrier containing phenanthroline substructure are prepared by a metal-catalyzed thermal polymerization strategy.
Correction: Quantification of CYFRA 21-1 and a CYFRA 21-1–anti-CYFRA 21-1 autoantibody immune complex for detection of early stage lung cancer
Authors: Song Keum-Soo , Nimse Satish Balasaheb , Warkad Shrikant Dashrath , Oh Ae-Chin , Kim Taisun , Hong Young Jun
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘Quantification of CYFRA 21-1 and a CYFRA 21-1–anti-CYFRA 21-1 autoantibody immune complex for detection of early stage lung cancer’ by Keum-Soo Song et al., Chem. Commun., 2019, 55, 10060–10063.
Enhanced narrow-band green-emission and thermal stability via the introduction of Mg2+ in ZnB2O4:Mn2+ phosphor
Authors: Dong Quan , Cui Jun , Tian Yabin , Jia Junjie , Yang Fengli , Du Fu , Peng Jiaqing , Ye Xinyu , Yang Shaohua
Published: September 2019

The introduction of Mg2+ in ZnB2O4:Mn2+ may reduce the impurity phase, and increase the emission intensity and thermal stability by 100% and 9%, respectively. The mechanism is considered to be the ion-size compensation effect of Mg2+ to Mn2+.
Isolating the role of hydrogen bonding in hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquids by means of vaporization enthalpies, infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Zaitsau Dzmitry H. , Neumann Jan , Niemann Thomas , Strate Anne , Paschek Dietmar , Verevkin Sergey P. , Ludwig Ralf
Published: September 2019

Hydrogen bonding in hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquids (right) prevents favourable dispersion interaction between cation and anion (left). We analyze this subtle balance of interactions by combining calorimetry, IR spectroscopy and MD simulations.
Synthesis of dibenzocycloketones by acyl radical cyclization from aromatic carboxylic acids using methylene blue as a photocatalyst
Authors: Jiang Hongshuo , Mao Guijie , Wu Hongfeng , An Qi , Zuo Minghui , Guo Weihao , Xu Chunzhao , Sun Zhizhong , Chu Wenyi
Published: September 2019

An efficient intramolecular radical cyclization reaction via photoredox catalysis was developed for the synthesis of dibenzocycloketone derivatives using methylene blue as a photosensitizer.
Continuous focusing, fractionation and extraction of anionic analytes in a microfluidic chip
Authors: Papadimitriou Vasileios A. , Segerink Loes I. , Eijkel Jan C. T.
Published: September 2019

Selective extraction of concentrated anionic analytes focused via ion concentration polarization focusing.
Wireless colorimetric readout to enable resource-limited point-of-care
Authors: Smith Suzanne , Oberholzer Adelaide , Korvink Jan G. , Mager Dario , Land Kevin
Published: September 2019

A low-cost, automated wireless result readout device for point-of-care diagnostics in resource-limited clinics in Southern Africa.
Integrating nanofibers with biochemical gradients to investigate physiologically-relevant fibroblast chemotaxis
Authors: Morrow Carmen M. , Mukherjee Apratim , Traore Mahama A. , Leaman Eric J. , Kim AhRam , Smith Evan M. , Nain Amrinder S. , Behkam Bahareh
Published: September 2019

Integrating ECM-mimicking nanofibers with biochemical gradients reveals that fiber spacing-driven cell shape broadens chemotaxis sensitivity in fibroblasts compared to 2D flat substrata.
Rhodamine functionalized mesoporous silica as a chemosensor for the efficient sensing of Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions and their removal from aqueous media
Authors: Singha Debdas , Das Trisha , Satyanarayana Lanka , Roy Partha , Nandi Mahasweta
Published: September 2019

Rhodamine incorporated mesoporous silica acts as a selective chemosensor for Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions and it is used for their separation from an aqueous medium.
Zn(ii)-cyclen complex-based liposomes for gene delivery: the advantage of Zn coordination
Authors: Guo Yu , Yu Qing-Ying , Zhang Ji , Yang Hui-Zhen , Huang Zheng , Yu Xiao-Qi
Published: September 2019

Zn-Coordination significantly improves the gene transfection efficiency and reduces the cytotoxicity of cyclen-based cationic liposomes.
Applied evolution: phylogeny-based approaches in natural products research
Authors: Adamek Martina , Alanjary Mohammad , Ziemert Nadine
Published: September 2019

Here we highlight how phylogenetic analyses can be used to facilitate natural product discovery and structure elucidation.
Towards efficient use of noble metals via exsolution exemplified for CO oxidation
Authors: Tang Chenyang , Kousi Kalliopi , Neagu Dragos , Portolés José , Papaioannou Evangelos I. , Metcalfe Ian S.
Published: September 2019

Towards controlled nanostructures and efficient use of noble metals via exsolution exemplified for CO oxidation.
Effective plasmon coupling in conical cavities for sensitive surface enhanced Raman scattering with quantitative analysis ability
Authors: Zuo Zewen , Zhang Sheng , Wang Yongwei , Guo Yongbin , Sun Lianye , Li Kuanguo , Cui Guanglei
Published: September 2019

Effective plasmon coupling in conical cavities generates a highly enhanced local electric field near metal surfaces for highly sensitive SERS substrates.
Dispersible SmCo5 nanoparticles with huge coercivity
Authors: Dong Ying , Zhang Tianli , Xia Zhengcai , Wang Hui , Ma Zhenhui , Liu Xin , Xia Wei , Coey John Michael David , Jiang Chengbao
Published: September 2019

By co-precipitating a nanoscale blocking agent, SmCo5 nanoparticles around 300 nm were synthesized and room-temperature coercivity of 7.2 T was obtained.
Probing the morphology evolution of chemically anisotropic colloids prepared by homopolymerization- and copolymerization-induced phase separation
Authors: Hamilton Heather S. C. , Bradley Laura C.
Published: September 2019

Chemically anisotropic colloids prepared by polymerization-induced phase separation during seeded emulsion polymerization with non-crosslinked seeds reveals tunability in both surface and interior properties based on the morphology evolution.
Different directional energy dissipation of heterogeneous polymers in bimodal atomic force microscopy
Authors: Tan Xinfeng , Guo Dan , Luo Jianbin
Published: September 2019

Dynamic force microscopy (DFM) has become a multifunctional and powerful technique for the study of the micro–nanoscale imaging and force detection, especially in the compositional and nanomechanical properties of polymers.
Evaluation of the molecular inclusion process of β-hexachlorocyclohexane in cyclodextrins
Authors: Ferino-Pérez Anthuan , Gamboa-Carballo Juan José , Ranguin Ronald , Levalois-Grützmacher Joëlle , Bercion Yves , Gaspard Sarra , Miranda-Quintana Ramón Alain , Arias Melvin , Jáuregui-Haza Ulises J.
Published: September 2019

The present work aimed to study the guest–host complexes of β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), a pesticide with high environmental stability that can cause severe health problems, with the most common cyclodextrins (α-, β-, and γ-CDs).
Effect of particle sizes and mass ratios of a phosphor on light color performance of a green phosphor thin film and a laminated white light-emitting diode
Authors: Zhuo Ningze , Zhang Na , Jiang Teng , Chen Peng , Wang Haibo
Published: September 2019

Green phosphor thin films with different silica resin/phosphor mass ratios and phosphor particle sizes were prepared by the hot pressing method.
Dual recognition of Al3+ and Zn2+ ions by a novel probe based on diarylethene and its application
Authors: Zhang Yaping , Li Hui , Gao Wendan , Pu Shouzhi
Published: September 2019

We synthesized a new fluorescent probe 1O by attaching a diarylethene molecule to a functional group.
Characterization of antioxidant and antibacterial gelatin films incorporated with Ginkgo biloba extract
Authors: Hu Xiaona , Yuan Li , Han Lijun , Li Shujing , Song Liya
Published: September 2019

The incorporation of gelatin films with GBE increased the UV-visible shielding performance of films.
Correction: Synergistic formal ring contraction for the enantioselective synthesis of spiropyrazolones
Authors: Meazza Marta , Kamlar Martin , Jašíková Lucie , Formánek Bedřich , Mazzanti Andrea , Roithová Jana , Veselý Jan , Rios Ramon
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘Synergistic formal ring contraction for the enantioselective synthesis of spiropyrazolones’ by Marta Meazza et al., Chem. Sci., 2018, 9, 6368–6373.
An experimental and theoretical study of the erosion of semi-crystalline polymers and the subsequent generation of microparticles
Authors: Gaillard Thibaut , George Matthieu , Gastaldi Emmanuelle , Nallet Frédéric , Fabre Pascale
Published: September 2019

Degradation of a semi-crystalline polymer,viaan enzymatic erosion experiment, evidences microstructure dependent surface patterns and microparticles release. A generic geometric model accounts for the mass loss and predicts a critical release size.
Correction: Implicit-solvent coarse-grained modeling for polymer solutions via Mori–Zwanzig formalism
Authors: Wang Shu , Li Zhen , Pan Wenxiao
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘Implicit-solvent coarse-grained modeling for polymer solutions via Mori–Zwanzig formalism’ by Shu Wang et al., Soft Matter, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01211g.
Self-supported copper-based gas diffusion electrodes for CO2 electrochemical reduction
Authors: Zhang Jie , Luo Wen , Züttel Andreas
Published: September 2019

Nanostructured copper materials that are selective to C1 products in H-cell show much better C2 products selectivity under the flow-cell conditions.
A self-reconstructed (oxy)hydroxide@nanoporous metal phosphide electrode for high-performance rechargeable zinc batteries
Authors: Jiang Yao , Peng Ming , Lan Jiao , Zhao Yang , Lu Ying-Rui , Chan Ting-Shan , Liu Ji , Tan Yongwen
Published: September 2019

A binder-free self-reconstructed (oxy)hydroxide@nanoporous Ni3P hybrid electrode is fabricated for rechargeable Zn battery with high capacity, excellent rate performance and cycling stability.
Embedded 3D Li+ channels in a water-in-salt electrolyte to develop flexible supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Dai Lixin , Arcelus Oier , Sun Lu , Wang Haixiao , Carrasco Javier , Zhang Hengbin , Zhang Wei , Tang Jun
Published: September 2019

Hydrogels construct 3D ion channels in water-in-salt electrolytes to fully integrate ionic conductivity, rate performance, capacity, safety and multifunctionality.
Expanding the scope of chemiluminescence in bioanalysis with functional nanomaterials
Authors: Zhong Yihong , Li Juan , Lambert Alexander , Yang Zhanjun , Cheng Quan
Published: September 2019

The development of nanomaterial-based CL detection strategies and their applications in bioanalysis are reviewed. It highlights recent advances and organizes them into three sections: sensing platform, signal probe, and applications in homogeneous systems.
Pyrazinyl-functionalized Zr(iv)-MOF for ultrasensitive detection of tyrosine/TNP and efficient CO2/N2 separation
Authors: Liu Jin-Min , Hou Jin-Xin , Liu Jie , Jing Xu , Li Li-Jun , Du Jian-Long
Published: September 2019

A pyrazinyl-functionalized Zr(iv)-MOF shows ultrasensitive fluorescence sensing of Tyr/TNP and efficient CO2/N2 separation.
Elastic sheath–liquid crystal core fibres achieved by microfluidic wet spinning
Authors: Honaker Lawrence W. , Vats Shameek , Anyfantakis Manos , Lagerwall Jan P. F.
Published: September 2019

Highly stretchable liquid crystal core–elastomer sheath fibres are spun using a microfluidic wet spinning approach.
Barium acetate as an additive for high performance perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wang Yueming , Wu Yulei , Fu Sheng , Song Changjian , Wan Li , Zhang Wenxiao , Li Xiaodong , Yang Weiguang , Song Weijie , Fang Junfeng
Published: September 2019

Defects within the halide perovskite films limit the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
MiR-128 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation in osteoporosis by down-regulating SIRT6 expression
Authors: Zhao Jindong , Liu Shaohui , Zhang Wenhui , Ni Linying , Hu Zhenming , Sheng Zhigang , Yin Bo
Published: September 2019

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation and chondrification in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential mechanism of miR-128 in osteoporosis (OP).

Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expression of miR-128 in femoral neck trabecular bones of OP patients (n=40) and non-OP patients (n=40). C2C12 cells were transfected with miR-128 mimic or inhibitor to determine the effect of miR-128 on osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter genes were used to determine the molecular mechanism of miR-128 in osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 cells.

Results: The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of miR-128 in bone samples of OP patients was significantly higher than that of non-OP patients, while miR-128 was significantly down-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. In addition, the results showed that overexpression of miR-128 significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression levels of osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen I type-α1 (COL1A1) in C2C12 cells, while miR-128 inhibitor could reverse this effect. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay found that silencing information regulatory protein 6 (SIRT6) was a direct target of miR-128. The qRT-PCR and Western Blot results found that miR-128 significantly down-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT6. Furthermore, silencing SIRT6 significantly inhibited the promoting effect of the miR-128 inhibitor on the expression of osteoblast markers.

Conclusion: The above results confirmed that miR-128 inhibited osteoblast differentiation in OP by down-regulating SIRT6 expression, thus accelerating the development of OP.
CD8+CD28− T cells: key cytotoxic players impacting disease pathogenesis in chronic HBV infection
Authors: Nandi Madhuparna , Pal Sourina , Ghosh Sumantra , Chakraborty Bidhan Chandra , Dey Debangana , Baidya Ayana , Shil Achintya , Chattopadhyaya Saran , Banerjee Soma , Santra Amal , Chowdhury Abhijit , Datta Simanti
Published: September 2019

During chronic hepatitis B (CHB), CD8+ T cells down-regulate CD28, the primary co-stimulation molecule for T-cell activation. Diverse functional attributes of CD8+CD28− T cells are suggested in various disease contexts. The present study aimed to characterize CD8+CD28− T cells in different phases of chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHI)- Immune-tolerance (IT), Hepatitis B e-antigen-positive CHB (EP-CHB), Inactive carriers (IC) and Hepatitis B e-antigen-negative CHB (EN-CHB), to appraise their contribution in HBV-related disease pathophysiology. Flow cytometry analysis of T cells in peripheral blood of study subjects revealed enhanced CD8+CD28− T-cell accumulation in EP-/EN-CHB, compared with IT/IC and they expanded equivalently in HBV-specific and non-specific CD8+ T-cell compartments. Profound increase in CD8+CD28− T cells expressing perforin/granzyme-B/CD57/IFN-γ/TNF-α and markers of terminal differentiation were observed exclusively in EP-/EN-CHB. Further, activation with anti-NKG2D resulted in heightened IFN-γ/TNF-α production selectively from CD8+CD28− T cells, suggesting NKG2D-mediated alternative co-stimulation. CD8+CD28− T cells sorted from CHB patients induced enhanced apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), including CD4+ T cells. However, NKG2D-ligand (major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related molecule A/B (MICA/B)) was preferentially expressed by HBV-specific CD4+ T cells of CHB patients, making these cells a potential target to NKG2D-dependent CD8+CD28− T-cell killing. Both CD28+ and CD28− T cells in CHB expressed CXCR3 at similar levels and thus capable of homing to the liver. A positive correlation was seen between CD8+CD28− T-cell frequency and serum-alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and CHB-derived CD8+CD28− T cells caused pronounced cell death in HBV-transfected Huh7 cells. Immunofluorescence staining identified greater intrahepatic incidence of CD8+CD28− T cells but decline in CD4+ T cells in CHB than IC. Collectively, CD8+CD28− T cells demonstrated differential distribution and phenotypic/functional skewing in different CHI phases and contribute to disease progression by Perforin-Granzyme- or IFN-γ-TNF-α-mediated cytotoxicity while restraining antiviral immunity through NKG2D-dependent HBV-specific CD4+ T-cell depletion.
App-titude: Apps for High Schoolers With Autism
Authors: Sweeney Sean
Published: September 2019

Bolster curriculum access, organizational skills and social learning among older students.
Bottom Line: A Back-pocket Boon When Insurers Balk
Authors: McCarty Janet
Published: September 2019

ASHA documents can help you help clients win insurance coverage for certain voice treatments.
E-luminations: Why I Am an SLP
Authors: Putnam Nita
Published: September 2019

A thank-you letter from a graduating student was just what this school-based SLP needed at the end of a long busy year.
Bottom Line: Document It Correctly With This Glossary
Authors: Satterfield Lisa , Johnson Gennith
Published: September 2019

If your required Medicare paperwork has any errors, your payment may be in jeopardy. Understanding this list of terms will help you minimize mistakes and avoid rejected claims.
On-The-Job Cross Pollination
Authors: Fagan Ellen , Knoepfel Erin , Panther Kathy , Grames Lynn
Published: September 2019

How are you supposed to learn about interprofessional teaming if your graduate program didn't model it? Never fear. More employers are offering ways for staff to learn about one another's disciplines—together. Here's a first-hand look at some of them.
Gearing Up for Reality
Authors: Wiley Pamela
Published: September 2019

When their children with special needs are young, parents are guided and supported through most of their child's education, often starting when their child is 18 months old. But what happens after high school is over? What supports will be needed or even available? Here are some ideas on how SLPs can help these young adults find their way.
Make It Work: Conquer Your Caseload
Authors: Kinder Renee
Published: September 2019

If you work in a skilled nursing facility, you're likely dealing with a dizzying number of cases. Here's how to manage the load.
Make It Work: Steps to Save Our Sanity
Authors: Clapsaddle Kathy , Palafox Phuong
Published: September 2019

We've all heard the benefits of moving services into the classroom. But how, practically, do we do it?
On the Pulse: No Teeth, No Dentures: Is a Regular Diet Possible?
Authors: Matloff Amanda
Published: September 2019

In an evaluation of the least restrictive diet for a patient without teeth, bedside and instrumental exams don't always tell the whole story.
On the Pulse: Audit-Proof Your Documentation
Authors: Sampson Monica , Johnson Gennith , Brown Janet
Published: September 2019

Inadequate documentation can make a skilled service appear unskilled. Avoid denials by showing why and how your services are “skilled."
Overheard: Partnering to Make AAC Work Better for Kids With ASDs
Authors: Ogletree Billy
Published: September 2019

Last June, autism expert Billy T. Ogletree chatted with participants from an ASHA online conference on partner instruction in alternative and augmentative communication. Here's what they said.
School Matters: Thinking Beyond Caseload
Authors: Karr Susan , Clausen Roseanne
Published: September 2019

Even though the workload approach is a preferred way to think about structuring a work day, many SLPs still aren't using it. Here are some ways to help get the ball rolling.
SIGnatures: Widening the Treatment Circle
Authors: Coleman Craig
Published: September 2019

Involving parents enhances treatment for children who stutter. So why not include the child's siblings, friends, teachers and other communication partners?
SIGnatures: Undergrad Today, CSD PhD Tomorrow
Authors: Friberg Jennifer , Folkins John , Harten Ana , Pershey Monica
Published: September 2019

What can we do to develop more undergraduate students as researchers? Expand our models of undergraduate research and send the students to our meetings, such as ASHA's annual convention.
State Spotlight: New Mexico Speech-Language and Hearing Association
Authors: Tierney Bryan
Published: September 2019

Spotlight on the New Mexico Speech-Language and Hearing Association
State Spotlight: Iowa Speech-Language Hearing Association
Authors: Zeimetz-Mehmert Kelli
Published: September 2019

A talk with Melissa Primus, president of the Iowa Speech-Language Hearing Association
The WISSH quasars project
Authors: Bruni G. , Piconcelli E. , Misawa T. , Zappacosta L. , Saturni F. G. , Vietri G. , Vignali C. , Bongiorno A. , Duras F. , Feruglio C. , Tombesi F. , Fiore F.
Published: September 2019

Context.The WISSH quasars project aims at studying the nuclear and host galaxy properties of the most luminous quasars (Lbol >  1047erg s−1, 1.8 <  z <  4.6), with special emphasis on the occurrence and physical parameters of winds at different scales.

Aims.Nuclear winds are manifested as UV-broad (≥2000 km s−1) absorption lines (BAL) in about 15% of quasars. We aim at studying the incidence and properties of such winds in the WISSH sample to investigate possible differences to active galactic nucleus regimes with lower luminosity.

Methods.We collected optical spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 12, and identified those showing absorption troughs in the region between the Si IVand C IVemission lines. We used three different indices for BAL absorption: the classic balnicity index (BI), the absorption index (AI), and the intermediate AI1000.

Results.We find a higher observed fraction of C IVBAL quasars in the WISSH sample (24%) than in previous catalogues (10−15%). These WISSH BAL quasars are also characterised by a higher average BI (∼4000 km s−1) and maximum velocity (∼17 000 km s−1). Moreover, for two objects we discovered BAL features bluewards of the Si IVpeak, which can be associated with C IVabsorption with a velocity of 0.15c. We also updated previous studies on the dependence of maximum outflow velocity upon bolometric luminosity, showing that BAL winds have intermediate properties compared to molecular or ionised winds and ultra-fast outflows. Finally, the radio properties of the WISSH BAL quasars as a whole are in line with those of samples at lower luminosities from previous studies.

Conclusions.Our results suggest that the higherLbolof the WISSH quasars likely favours the acceleration of BAL outflows and that their most likely driving mechanism is radiation pressure. Furthermore, we estimate that the kinetic power associated with these winds in hyperluminous quasars for the highest column density and fastest winds is sufficient to provide efficient feedback onto the host galaxy.
The Solar Orbiter SPICE instrument
Authors:   SPICE Consortium, Anderson M. , Appourchaux T. , Auchère F. , Aznar Cuadrado R. , Barbay J. , Baudin F. , Beardsley S. , Bocchialini K. , Borgo B. , Bruzzi D. , Buchlin E. , Burton G. , Büchel V. , Caldwell M. , Caminade S. , Carlsson M. , Curdt W. , Davenne J. , Davila J. , DeForest C. E. , Del Zanna G. , Drummond D. , Dubau J. , Dumesnil C. , Dunn G. , Eccleston P. , Fludra A. , Fredvik T. , Gabriel A. , Giunta A. , Gottwald A. , Griffin D. , Grundy T. , Guest S. , Gyo M. , Haberreiter M. , Hansteen V. , Harrison R. , Hassler D. M. , Haugan S. V. H. , Howe C. , Janvier M. , Klein R. , Koller S. , Kucera T. A. , Kouliche D. , Marsch E. , Marshall A. , Marshall G. , Matthews S. A. , McQuirk C. , Meining S. , Mercier C. , Morris N. , Morse T. , Munro G. , Parenti S. , Pastor-Santos C. , Peter H. , Pfiffner D. , Phelan P. , Philippon A. , Richards A. , Rogers K. , Sawyer C. , Schlatter P. , Schmutz W. , Schühle U. , Shaughnessy B. , Sidher S. , Solanki S. K. , Speight R. , Spescha M. , Szwec N. , Tamiatto C. , Teriaca L. , Thompson W. , Tosh I. , Tustain S. , Vial J.-C. , Walls B. , Waltham N. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. , Woodward S. , Young P. , De Groof A. , Pacros A. , Williams D. , Müller D.
Published: September 2019

Aims.The Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument is a high-resolution imaging spectrometer operating at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. In this paper, we present the concept, design, and pre-launch performance of this facility instrument on the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission.

Methods.The goal of this paper is to give prospective users a better understanding of the possible types of observations, the data acquisition, and the sources that contribute to the instrument’s signal.

Results.The paper discusses the science objectives, with a focus on the SPICE-specific aspects, before presenting the instrument’s design, including optical, mechanical, thermal, and electronics aspects. This is followed by a characterisation and calibration of the instrument’s performance. The paper concludes with descriptions of the operations concept and data processing.

Conclusions.The performance measurements of the various instrument parameters meet the requirements derived from the mission’s science objectives. The SPICE instrument is ready to perform measurements that will provide vital contributions to the scientific success of the Solar Orbiter mission.
Selection of Optimal Variant of Hybrid System under Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors: Misho Matsankov , Mihaela Ivanova
Published: September 2019

The aim of the study is to select an optimal variant of a hybrid system under conditions of uncertainty according to selected criteria. The problems of the study are the different options for building the hybrid system and choosing an adequate criterion for choosing the optimal variant. The study covers analysis of three variants of building up a hybrid system for supplying of autonomous electric load. The three variants are: introduction of an active user for equalizing the load schedule; introduction of additional generating source for covering the peak portion of the load schedule; covering the peak portion of the load by using an additional generating source and diesel generator. An optimal variant is selected under the conditions of uncertainty according to two criteria: minimum discounted expenses and loss of power. To this effect, the method of Mathematical hierarchical game theory analysis is applied. As a result of the study, the appropriate criteria for choosing an optimal variant for building a hybrid system are obtained. The results obtained allow to set a different degree of significance of the formulated basic criteria in the computational algorithm for decision making for the construction of the hybrid system.
Kinetic Energy Harvesting from Human Hand Movement by Mounting micro Electromagnetic Generator
Authors: Pathan F. R.
Published: September 2019

A comprehensive review of design and experimentation is presented in this research paper on sustainable renewable energy scavenging from Human body movement using Micro electromagnetic kinetic energy harvester to powering wearable, portable electronics, implantable medical devices etc. The body location which is chosen as the harvester is human hand between elbow and shoulder. Human body harvest energy in two ways i,e, mechanical energy and thermal energy. Mechanical energy is of two kinds one is static energy and the other one is kinetic energy. Due to motion or displacement or enforcement excitation the kinetic energy is extracted. The electric charges which remains imbalance on the surface or within a material is static energy. Thermal energy is extracted from the dissipation of heat from human body. Human body parts and organs generate energy through two types of activities are voluntary and involuntary. The energy which are produced by voluntary activities are high as people intentionally does work by body motion, walk, run. The generated energy by involuntary organs like heart, breathing, artery are smaller compare to voluntary energy harvesting. One process of energy harvesting is by use of micro electromagnetic generator, flexible and stretchable piezoelectric, triboelectric, electromagnetic induction, PVDF cantilever mounting on human body. The harvester prototype is cylindrical magnet L40xD10 mm size which is mounted on human hand for energy harvesting. While in movement of hand the produced wave forms by magnetic generator are measured and recorded for calculation. Analyzing the received data it has been found that the generated power by micro electromagnetic vibration generator from movement of human hand are 319 RMS μW and 2.48 RMS mV with a frequency of 0.25 Hz and power density of about 2.48μW/cm³.
Non-linear analysis of a model for yeast cell communication
Authors: Calvez Vincent , Lepoutre Thomas , Meunier Nicolas , Muller Nicolas
Published: September 2019

We study the non-linear stability of a coupled system of two non-linear transport-diffusion equations set in two opposite half-lines. This system describes some aspects of yeast pairwise cellular communication, through the concentration of some protein in the cell bulk and at the cell boundary. We show that it is of bistable type, provided that the intensity of active molecular transport is large enough. We prove the non-linear stability of the most concentrated steady state, for large initial data, by entropy and comparison techniques. For small initial data we prove the self-similar decay of the molecular concentration towards zero. Informally speaking, the rise of a dialog between yeast cells requires enough active molecular transport in this model. Besides, if the cells do not invest enough in the communication with their partner, they do not respond to each other; but a sufficient initial input from each cell in the dialog leads to the establishment of a stable activated state in both cells.
Dossier : Le groupe des Dix, des précurseurs de l'interdisciplinarité – L’économie au prisme du Groupe des Dix : d’une bioéconomie l’autre
Authors: Vivien Franck-Dominique
Published: September 2019

De nombreux écrits des membres du Groupe des Dix portent sur des questions économiques. L’un des principaux thèmes de réflexion de ce collectif attaché à l’interdisciplinarité a été de repenser la notion de développement en l’inscrivant dans le prolongement de l’évolution biologique, en mettant en évidence sa multidimensionnalité ainsi que la nécessité de lier cet objectif avec celui de la sauvegarde de l’environnement. Certains de ces auteurs, comme René Passet et Joël de Rosnay, sont allés plus loin encore en proposant de redéfinir la discipline économique à la lumière des enseignements des sciences du vivant. S’ils appellent tous les deux de leurs vœux l’émergence d’une bioéconomie, nous montrons que celle-ci revêt des sens assez différents.
European Academy of Neurology
Authors: Heim Thomas M.
Published: September 2019

Der thematische Schwerpunkt des 5. Kongresses der European Academy of Neurology in Oslo im Juni war Neuroinflammation. Aktuelle Studien weisen darauf hin, dass entzündliche Prozesse bei einigen neurologischen Erkrankungen möglicherweise eine größere Rolle spielen als bislang angenommen. Dazu zählen beispielsweise Epilepsie, M. Parkinson und zerebrale Ischämien.
Allometric Scale Corrects Performance Outcomes in Special Judo Fitness Test
Authors: Franco-Alvarenga Paulo Estevão , Ferreira Guilherme Assunção , Lima-Silva Adriano Eduardo , Bertuzzi Rômulo , Pires Flávio Oliveira , De Oliveira Fernando Roberto
Published: September 2019

We compared results of Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) performance of young athletes of two different age categories after correcting body mass (BM) variations by allometric scales. Thirty young judokas (14.2±3.6 years) belonging to two age categories underwent an SJFT: under 15 (U15) years old (12.1±2.4 years; 46.5±15.6 kg; 152.4±11.2 cm) and under 21 years old (U21) (18.2±0.8 years; 77.1±23.5 kg; 174.2±8.9 cm). Allometric exponents of −0.33 and 0.67 were used to correct the influence of BM variations on SJFT performance results. After correction using the –0.33 exponent, U21 showed a higher number of throws (TNT) than U15 (85.5±9.9 and 68.8±12.0, p<0.05, respectively), although the SJFT index had been similar between these groups (67.3±10.1 and 61.7±8.1, p>0.05, respectively). In contrast, TNT normalized by the 0.67 exponent was higher in U15 than U21 (1.55±0.29 and 1.17 ± 0.25, p<0.05, respectively). Likewise, the SJFT index was higher in U15 than in U21 when using the same exponent (1.55±0.29 and 1.17±0.25, p<0.05, respectively). In conclusion, the −0.33 exponent may be useful to remove the influence of BM variations, thus discriminating SJFT performance results in U15 and U21 judokas. Moreover, the 0.67 exponent may overestimate SJFT indices in low-age judokas.
TENS – transkutane elektronische Nervenstimulation zur Schmerzbewältigung während der Geburt
Authors: Hultsch Anna
Published: September 2019

Hebammen in Deutschland kennen TENS oft nur vom Hörensagen. Aber wie funktioniert die Methode genau? Und was wünschen sich Frauen von Hebammen in der Aufklärung und Anwendung? Der folgende Beitrag erörtert Hintergrund, Wirkungsprinzip und Nutzen mithilfe wissenschaftlicher Evidenz. Erfahrungen aus dem britischen Hebammenalltag geben Einblick in die Arbeit mit TENS.
Terminüberschreitung – Einleiten oder Abwarten?
Authors: Müller Kerstin , Leinweber Julia
Published: September 2019

Mehr als ein Drittel der Kinder kommen in Deutschland nach Schwangerschaftswoche 40 + 0 auf die Welt. Der folgende Beitrag wägt das Vorgehen bei Terminüberschreitung auf Basis eines integrativen Literaturreviews ab, erläutert Ursachen und Risiken und zeigt auf, warum abwartendes Verhalten eine sinnvolle Alternative zur steigenden Zahl an Geburtseinleitungen sein kann.
Concurrent Training and Detraining: brief Review on the Effect of Exercise Intensities
Authors: Sousa António C. , Neiva Henrique Pereira , Izquierdo Mikel , Cadore Eduardo Lusa , Alves Ana R. , Marinho Daniel Almeida
Published: September 2019

Concurrent resistance and aerobic training (CT) has been applied to optimize both strength and aerobic performance. However, it should be carefully prescribed, as there are some factors, as the training intensity, which have strong influence on training adaptations. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to analyze the scientific evidence regarding aerobic and resistance exercise intensities during CT and their effect on performance outcomes. The effects of exercise intensity on a subsequent detraining period were also assessed. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, the risk of bias was assessed, and the percentage of changes and effect sizes were quantified. CT improved running times (10 m, 30 m and 10 km) and strength performance (one-repetition maximum, countermovement jump) regardless of exercise intensity used (4–47%, ES=0.4–2.8). Nevertheless, higher aerobic training intensities (≥ lactate threshold intensity) resulted in higher aerobic gains (5–10%, ES=0.3–0.6), and greater neuromuscular adaptations were found when higher resistance loads (≥ 70% of maximal strength) were used (10–14%, ES=0.4–1.3). Most training-induced gains were reversed after 2–4 weeks of detraining. Although further research is needed, it seems that higher intensities of aerobic or resistance training induce greater aerobic or neuromuscular gains, respectively. Nevertheless, it seems that higher resistance training loads should be combined with lower aerobic training intensities for increased strength gains and minimal losses after detraining.
Digitalisierung in der Medizin – Diagnose YouTube: Berühmt,
glücklich und gesund
Authors: Brechtel Thomas , Baumann Anke
Published: September 2019

„Diagnose YouTube“ beschäftigt sich mit den Themen Gesundheit, Medizin, Social
Media, Internet und den damit einhergehenden positiven wie auch negativen
Aspekten. Unter Verwendung einschlägiger Suchbegriffe wie etwa
(Internet-)Gesundheit, Medizin, Infotainment, Influencer sowie Fitness und
Ernährung werden die darunter zugeordneten Inhalte in den Blick genommen.
Neben der Analyse der Videos werden auch die YouTuber der Gesundheitsszene
vorgestellt. Die Beschäftigung mit diesem Thema führt zu überraschenden
Erkenntnissen, die im Fazit unterschiedliche Bewertungen aus mehreren
Perspektiven erlauben.