bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in Wardha Valley Coalfield, Maharashtra, Central India
Authors: KHAN Zadan , JAVED Akram
Published: October 2022

Global warming has emerged as one of humanity’s most pressing environmental issues and Land Surface Temperature (LST) is increasingly being used to assess increased warming in urban areas. The exploitation and usage of natural resources create significant environmental harm in mining, especially over land surface. The link between LST and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) is highly intriguing, and draws remote sensing specialists from all over the world. Present study makes an effort to retrieve the LST and its correlation with NDVI in parts of Wardha Valley Coalfield, which in central India. Four sets of Landsat-5 (TM) data of summer and winter have been used for 1991 and 2006, whereas two sets of Landsat-8 (OLI) data have been chosen for 2021. Mono-window algorithm was applied to retrieve LST from multi-temporal Landsat satellite sensors. Five LU/LC categories have been delineated viz. Vegetation/Forest, Mine/Industry, Overburden dumps/built-up, Waste land and Water body by using maximum likelihood classification algorithm. The study reveals that the mean LST of five LU/LC categories of both summer and winter seasons has increased during 1991-2006 period which suggests an example of Urban Heat Island (UHI). However, mean LST for five LU/LC categories has slightly decreased during 2006-2021 period which represents an example of Urban Cool Island (UCI). Moreover, over all mean LST of summer and winter seasons has increased by 7.39 °C and 4.51 °C respectively during 1991-2021 period. The study also examines NDVI-LST inverse relationship, which shows strong negative correlation in summer as well as in winter. Therefore, it can be concluded that surface temperature is highly controlled by surface land use type such as vegetation, built-up land, mining area etc. The presented results in this study will significantly help in future planning of the district and also provide a database for upcoming climate control goals.
Desain Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hybrid (Solar Cell dan Wind Turbine) untuk Beban Perumahan
Authors: Setia Giri Angga , Sutriyadi  , Winanti Naftalin , Haz Fauzia , Iskandar Handoko Rusiana
Published: October 2022

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hybrid (PLTH) merupakan pembangkit listrik yang terhubung dari beberapa jenis sumber pembangkit energi terbarukan atau dengan sumber energi tidak terbarukan. Terbatasnya sumber energi konvensional menjadi penyebab dikembangkannya pemanfaatan energi non konvensional atau energi terbarukan di Indonesia.  Salah satu energi yang potensial untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia adalah energi surya dan energi bayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan desain terhadap PLTH skala kecil, kemudian menganalisis daya keluaran (output) yang dihasilkan ketika pembangkit hybrid bekerja dengan menggunakan baterai sebagai indikator. Proses terjadinya pengontrolan dengan menggunakan display tegangan sebagai media untuk mengetahui tegangan pada masing masing pembangkit dan baterai. Metode pertama yang dilakukan adalah studi potensi kedua energi tersebut. Kemudian melakukan perhitungan kapasitas yang dibutukan oleh setiap komponen. Selanjutnya adalah menyusun desain pembangkit yang telah diperhitungkan kapasitasnya menjadi sebuah pembangkit hybrid. Langkah terakhir adalah mengimplementasikan desain pembangkit tersebut untuk diterapkan ke beban rumah tangga skala kecil 40 Watt diantaranya 2 buah lampu dan 1 buah kipas angin. Berdasarkan hasil desain yang dilakukan pada solar cell didapat kapasitas ukuran modul 40 Wp, fill factor sebesar 0.73 dan efisiensinya 13% sedangkan desain wind turbine didapat daya sebesar 1.169 Watt dengan kecepatan angin 3,5 m/s dan efisiensinya terbesar mencapai 64%. Kemudian kapasitas solar charge controller sebesar 2.32 A, kapasitas inverter 50 Watt, dan energi total baterai 3.33 Ah. Pengisian baterai untuk mencapai 20%-100% kapasitas membutuhkan waktu 6.6 jam saat cuaca cerah dan 8.3 jam saat cuaca mendung.
Studi Rekonfigurasi Sistem Distribusi Pada Jaringan 20 kV Dengan Metode Simple Branch Exchange Pada Penyulang Cempaka
Authors: Fathur Nureza Aksan  , Samsurizal
Published: October 2022

The increasing electric energy consumption must be balanced with good electricity network quality. To overcome this, we need a distribution network reconfiguration. Reconfiguration in power distribution network is done to improve power distribution network quality. Problem that exist in the radial distribution network is power losses. To minimize the power losses can be overcome by compensating capacitor. Done by determining the location of capacitors in distribution networks. With that the capacitor compensates the distribution network is more effective and efficient in distributing power. In this research discusses the network reconfiguration using simple branch exchange method to reduce power losses in radial distribution networks. The reconfiguration method was carried out with the help of the Electrical Transient Analysis Program (ETAP) 12.6.0 software and has been tested by PT REKAYASA INDUSTRI and PLN Area South Kalimantan on the 20 kV distribution system of Cempaka feeder, South Kalimantan. With this reconfiguration, the voltage drop that occurs on several buses, especially bus 37 and 44, has a voltage drop of up to 95.03% to 95.31% with an average drop voltage of 95.1%, which means the average voltage drop. each feeder is ableto send electricity to consumers properly.
BIÓPSIA RENAL VIDEOGUIADA EM CÃES SEM O USO DE PNEUMOPERITÔNIO
Authors: Coletti Gabriela Bertolucci
Published: October 2022

As doenças renais são muito comuns em cães e gatos e, por muitas vezes é necessário o uso de biópsias renais para estabelecer um diagnóstico definitivo, determinar a gravidade do quadro clínico, elaborar um plano de tratamento e estabelecer o prognóstico. Para que essas etapas sejam corretamente logradas, a biópsia renal pode ser necessária. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade da utilização de estruturas de arrimo para obtenção de campo visual durante a realização de biópsia renal videoguiada em cães sem o uso de pneumoperitônio. Para este fim foram utilizados três cadáveres de cães com peso inferior a 10 kg e testados às técnicas com fios de sutura de nylon, pinça Kocher e pinça Backhaus, envolvendo a pele, subcutâneo e musculatura abdominal, de modo a formar campo visual para realização de biópsias em diferentes localidades. Após, foram realizadas biópsia renal percutânea videoguiada para coleta de fragmentos. Foram coletadas duas amostras de cada rim, através de cânulas Tru-cut® 16 guage. Dificuldades advindas do campo visual por suspensão em comparação com a laparoscopia padrão foram devidamente obtidas. Através desse estudo foi possível estabelecer que há a opção de substituição da tradicional insuflação do abdome por estruturas de arrimo para obtenção de campo visual em procedimentos que envolvam biópsia videoguiada abdominal, especialmente com a pinça Backhaus sob o polo caudal do rim a ser biopsiado.
Application of augmented reality using neuro-navigation system for individualized brain tumor surgery
Authors:   Korea Skull Base Society, Kim Hyung Min , Lee Min Ho , Lee Tae-Kyu
Published: October 2022

Background : With the recent development of augmented reality (AR) systems, it has become possible to implement three-dimensional (3D) images directly with a microscope using a navigation system. The authors would like to show how this AR system is used in brain tumor surgery. Materials and Methods : From November 2020 to August 2021, consecutive patients who underwent brain tumor surgery were enrolled in this study. Preoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained using a 3-Tesla scanner. Surrounding significant structures were segmented from MRI. Segmented objects were stored as analyzed images and imported into the navigation system. During the operation, a neuro-navigation system and a microscope were linked and applied. Through the eyepiece of the microscope, segmented objects could be overlaid in AR format on the actual operative field. Results : Thirty-four cases were enrolled in the study. Patients comprised 19 male patients and 15 female patients. The median age was 60 years (range, 36-81 years); 11 cases were meningiomas, 10 cases were metastatic brain tumors, 8 cases were glioblastomas, 2 were hemangioblastomas, and there were 1 ependymoma, 1 giant pituitary adenoma, and 1 primary intracranial lymphoma. All cases were resected gross totally, except two cases (one glioblastoma, and one giant pituitary adenoma). There was no postoperative hemorrhage or infection. Conclusions : Brain tumor surgery using the AR system can increase the convenience of surgery by providing intuitive information to the surgeon. The AR system may become an invaluable tool in delivering safer care to brain tumor patients.
Valsalva Manoeuvre During the Second Stage of Labour?
Authors: Geraghty Dr Sadie , Gilsenan Sinead
Published: October 2022

During the second stage of labour, many midwives working in busy maternity units arbitrarily direct women on how to push. This usually occurs with involuntary uterine contractions, but also when the woman may not feel contractions due to epidural anaesthesia. Women are often instructed by midwives to engage the Valsalva manoeuvre, which involves the woman straining abdominal muscles and controlling and holding the breath, closing the glottis, while pushing through a contraction. The aim of this discussion paper is to explore whether there are any benefits to using the Valsalva manoeuvre during the second stage of labour.
Leaving No Woman Behind: Thinking about the continuity of carer model, black and minority ethnic women and Better Births
Authors: Gayle Elsie
Published: October 2022

England’s recent maternity review, Better births, recommended ‘continuity of midwife carer’ for inclusion into its provider choices for the childbearing continuum. Midwives may work this model, which is held for its excellence in achieving good all-round outcomes for mothers and babies; physically, mentally and emotionally. Some mothers, unable to have their needs met, have resorted to freebirthing. Lately, more black and minority ethnic (BME) women appear to be making this choice. Given the continued rise in the poorer outcomes for mothers and babies from BME communities, the time is now right for each woman in these communities to be listened to and suitably served during the childbearing year. Embracing the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (UN 2015) calls to action the relevant agencies in England to implement care which is culturally safe. We must endeavour to meet their needs and values, so that none of these mothers and babies are ‘left behind’.
Humanisation of Childbirth 3. Re-envisaging labour pain – a humanistic approach
Authors: Inga Karlsdottir Ass Prof Sigfríður , Sanders Ruth , Newnham Dr Elizabeth
Published: October 2022

In this third article of the 19th Midwifery basics series, the authors explore the topic of pain in labour. They address the ‘women’s paradigm of pain’, how this relates to midwifery support, and ways of approaching labour pain in practice, using pain theories. Humanising birth calls for re-imagining old ideas in new ways. Although there has been a long history of labour pain being medicalised, pathologised and seen as too much for women to bear, there has been an even longer history of women witnessing the power of birth and acknowledging the role of support – and now that midwives are also enaging in research, emerging evidence supports this.
Maternal Journal – Championing ‘Arts in Health’ Initiatives in Maternity
Authors: Godfrey-Isaacs Laura
Published: October 2022

On 1st May this year the Maternal Journal website was launched, with funding from Arts Council England, to democratise and make accessible free tools and resources to support maternal mental health through creative journaling.
Umbilical Cord Blood Sampling: Should it be Routine?
Authors: Moncrieff Gillian
Published: October 2022

Following birth, a sample of blood can be taken from the umbilical cord to assess the metabolic status of the infant at birth, and to determine whether any significant intrapartum oxygen deprivation may have occurred. These samples are most often taken following clamping of the umbilical cord, which necessitates that the cord be clamped shortly after birth in order to prevent time-dependent changes in cord blood gas values. However, cord bloods can be taken from an unclamped cord, allowing the infant the benefits of optimal cord clamping. In addition, whether these bloods are taken routinely or only where indicated varies depending on local guidelines.
Trauma Histories and Childbearing: What Maternity Care Workers Need to Know
Authors: Waddell Naomi
Published: October 2022

Significant numbers of children, worldwide, report experiencing forms of physical, emotional and sexual abuse and neglect (World Health Organization [WHO] 2017). However, it is suggested that child sex abuse is a trauma that may cause the greatest negative long-term effects among childbearing women (Lev-Wiesel et al 2009). This article presents some of the evidence to allow consideration of the importance of trauma histories to women, and why these must, in turn, be important for all maternity care workers.
Finding the Future Midwife: How the revised Standards of Proficiencies for Midwives support pre-registration midwifery programme admissions processes
Authors: Meegan Samantha
Published: October 2022

Pre-registration midwifery education programmes are quietly undergoing a revolution. In 2019, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) published an ambitious set of proficiencies for the future midwife, defining a framework of skills, knowledge and behaviours that midwives are required to demonstrate at the point of qualification and subsequent entry to the register.1 The revised Proficiencies for Midwives were required to reflect the demands of contemporary maternity services and were based on the framework produced by Renfrew et al. within the Lancet midwifery series.
From Birth to Health: Towards Sustainable Childbirth
Authors: Santos Mário JDS
Published: October 2022

Getting maternity care right for mothers and babies is vital for all countries. It is important to reduce avoidable deaths and ill health. However, it is also crucial that interventions designed to reduce risk for the few mothers and babies who develop complications are not used for those who are healthy. There has not been much research on what makes childbirth go well (as opposed to what makes it go wrong).
Orgasmic Birth
Authors: Finnerty Sophie
Published: October 2022

The same hormones are stimulated and released during birth as they are during orgasm, causing similar physical and emotional sensations. Some women describe their birth as euphoric and even pleasurable and some women experience orgasms while giving birth. There are many similarities between the facial expressions, body language and noises that women make during orgasm and birth. Midwives should be open to the possibility of an orgasmic birth and ensure women have the privacy, dignity and respect to fulfil their own unique and sensual birth experience.
The Medicalisation of Women’s Bodies
Authors: Feeley Claire
Published: October 2022

This article provides a brief overview of the historical, sociocultural issues regarding the of women’s childbearing bodies. Exploring both sides of the feminist debate, a humanised approach to childbearing is presented as a way forward to achieving meaningful woman-centred care. Rather than either ‘normal’ or ‘medical’ birth, maternity care needs to shift towards a ‘both/and’ attitude, where physiological childbirth can be supported, women’s experiences are pivotal to the care provided, while making the best use of medical care, as required. To achieve this, the implementation of the Better births (NHS England 2016) agenda is essential.
Assisted Housing Standard Models. Selected countries examples
Authors: Łuszczyńska Maria
Published: October 2022

Supported housing is a social service that is slowly making its way into the reality of Polish social welfare. It fits in with all changes of a de-institutionalization nature. Experts are looking for the Polish specificity of this service by creating its standards, as well as various pilot programs implementing assisted housing at the local government level. In search of inspiration, it is worth reaching for practices used in other countries. In some of them such systems have been functioning for over a dozen years and may become a model and good practice.
This article aims to provide a brief overview of selected assisted housing systems in Europe and beyond. It introduces the assumptions and understanding of assisted housing, as well as its addressees - including adults on the autism spectrum (ASD) - how it is organized and financed. The perspective of accompanying services and the scale of its dissemination are also shown. Introducing foreign practices, the article proves that assisted housing is not only a well-known idea in the world, but also has its social justification for benefiting its recipients, including people on the autism spectrum entering adulthood and independence.
From the sociology of social well-being and catastrophes towards the sociology of prosocial activities – a contemporary interpretation of Pitirim A. Sorokin’s selected works
Authors: Kanasz Tatiana
Published: October 2022

The aim of the article is to present the issue of social well-being and catastrophes in relation to the works of Pitirim A. Sorokin, the 20th-century American sociologist, political emigrant, one of the Presidents of the American Sociological Association, who contributed to the creation of the field, nowadays referred to as the sociology of positive actions or prosocial actions. The starting point is reflection on social well-being and happiness, cyclical social development with phases of crises and catastrophes. The law of positive and negative social polarisation is discussed as well as Sorokin’s proposal in promoting and strengthening the attitudes of creative altruism as a means of overcoming crisis situations. The theoretical reflection has been supplemented with the latest literature on the subject.
Effect of nasal septum deviation on choroidal thickness
Authors: Ugurlu Burak Numan
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the choroidal thickness in patients with nasal septum deviation using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Patients and Methods: The prospective case-control study included 106 eyes of 53 patients (29 males, 24 females; mean age: 31.2±10.6 years; range, 18 to 50 years) who were detected to have nasal septum deviation by anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopy between April 2020 and July 2020. Seventy-two eyes of 36 healthy participants (20 males, 16 females; mean age: 28.3±10.1 years; range, 18 to 50 years) were included in the control group. The degree of deviation of patients with septum deviation was graded with the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale. Choroidal thickness measurements were performed at subfoveal, temporal, and nasal regions using the EDI-OCT and compared in patients with and without deviation. In addition, the relationship between the severity of septal deviation and choroidal thickness measurements was examined. Results: The mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal choroidal thicknesses in the nasal septum deviation group were 361.0±99.4 μm, 334.5±101.1 μm, and 349.7±93.6 μm, respectively. The mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal choroidal thicknesses in the control group were 381.2±75.5 μm, 345.5±72.8 μm, and 368.6±79.2 μm, respectively. There was no significant difference in choroidal thickness measurements between the groups (p>0.05). However, it was observed that choroidal thickness decreased as the NOSE scale grade increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that choroidal thickness measurements are similar between patients with nasal septal deviation and healthy participants and demonstrates a negative correlation between the severity of septum deviation and choroidal thickness.
Anosmia/hyposmia differences between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants; objective olfactory function evaluation
Authors: Seden Nihal
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants cause more or less loss of smell than the wild type variant as a clinical finding that may guide physicians in addition to the increased mortality feature. Patients and Methods: In the prospective study, Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) odor testing was performed on patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between May 2021 and December 2021, and variants of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from patients were analyzed. A total of 51 patients (30 males and 21 females; mean age 59.3±14.2 years; range, 29 to 88 years) were included in the study. Age, sex, and COVID-19 vaccine status of the patients were recorded. The patients were asked whether they had new-onset odor or taste complaints and whether they differently perceived smells they knew. Results: The delta variant was detected in 14 patients, the alpha variant was detected in 20 patients, and no variant of concern was detected in 17 patients. Odor disorders were present in 79.4% of all patients (13.73% anosmia, 15.69% severe hyposmia, 13.7% moderate hyposmia, and 37.2% mild hyposmia). There was no statistically significant difference between sex, age, smoking habits, presence of parosmia, degree of smell disorder, and Vicks definition results according to the variants (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between alpha and delta variants in terms of patients' complaints of decreased smell and taste, mean olfactory threshold value, and mean olfactory score variables (p<0.05). There was no difference in terms of age and identification score. The complaints of smell and taste disorders, the mean threshold value of odor, and the mean odor score were found to be significantly lower in the delta variant than in the alpha variant. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 variants differ significantly in olfactory dysfunction. Future clinical and laboratory studies may show the diagnostic, clinical, and prognostic significance of olfactory nerve injury.
Parotidectomy in head-neck skin cancers: Our clinical experience
Authors: Erdim Ibrahim
Published: October 2022

Objectives: In this study, our experience on diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up processes of patients who underwent parotidectomy for head-neck skin cancer (HNSC) was presented. Patients and Methods: A total of 30 patients (20 male, 10 female; mean age: 76±9.8 year; range, 50 to 90 year) who underwent elective and therapeutic parotidectomy for HNSC between January 2012 and January 2020 were included this retrospective study. Results: Elective parotidectomy was performed on 11 (36.7%) patients, and therapeutic parotidectomy was performed on 19 (63.3%) patients. Primary tumor histopathology was squamous cell carcinoma in 23 patients, basal cell carcinoma in five patients, and malignant melanoma in two patients. The most frequent primary tumor localizations were auricula (n=9), temple region (n=7), and preauricular region (n=6), respectively. Neck dissection was performed on 25 (83.3%) patients. Postoperative radiotheraphy was applied to 12 (40%) patients. Mean follow-up time was 40.3±30.9 (range, 6 to 99) months. While the three-year survival rate was 90% (9/10) and the five-year survival rate was 77.8% (7/9) in patients who underwent elective parotidectomy, the three-year survival rate was 46.2% (6/13) and the five-year survival rate was 22.2% (2/9) in patients who underwent therapeutic parotidectomy. Both the three-year and five-year survival rates of elective parotidectomy patients were higher than those of therapeutic parotidectomy patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: If regional metastasis, particularly in the parotid gland, occurs in patients with HNSC, the survival rate decreases significantly. Therefore, we believe that elective parotidectomy should be performed on patients with high risk. Neck dissection should be performed when therapeutic parotidectomy is needed, and it must be kept in mind that radiotherapy might be required according to the postoperative pathology report.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE COMBATE AO INFANTICÍDIO: O DESAFIO DO RESPEITO AOS COSTUMES E AOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Bastos Veronica Azevedo Wander , De Araújo Priscilla Nóbrega Vieira
Published: October 2022

Introduzem-se os conceitos de direitos humanos e procura-se estabelecer uma relação entre os costumes e o direito. Investiga-se a prática cultural do infanticídio pela história e pelo mundo. Aborda-se a possibilidade de evolução cultural. Expõe-se as políticas públicas que se têm conhecimento. Conclui-se a importância da política pública como modo de evolução cultural e substituto da penalização.
History of Cotton Breeding and Genetics at the University of Arkansas
Authors: Bourland Freddie M.
Published: October 2022

Cotton breeding research was initiated at the University of Arkansas (UA) in early 1900’s. Early work focused on evaluating cultivars and on making plant selections out of established cultivars. J.O. Ware who began breeding cotton in the early 1920’s studied the genetics and interrelationships of several cotton traits, and released several cultivars. In 1935, he became Senior Agronomist at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD, then returned to UA in 1950. Several breeders followed Ware at UA. L.M. Humphrey and Ware were responsible for a series of Rowden cultivars. From 1948 until 1986, UA maintained two cotton breeding programs, one on the main campus and the other at the Cotton Branch Station, Marianna, AR. The Marianna program, directed by C.A. Moosberg (1948-1972) and C.W. Smith (1974-1986), was responsible for the release of several Rex cultivars, two stripper cultivars, and Arkot 518. Based on the main campus, B.A. Waddle (1951-1986) continued some of Ware work, and focused on early maturity, seedling vigor, host plant resistance (including the Frego bract trait), and naked and tufted seed. J.McD. Stewart filled the position held by Waddle from 1986 until his death in 2012. His work primarily focused on germplasm exploration and introgression, and cotton biotechnology. In 1988, the two traditional breeding programs were merged into one campus-based program. The program was subsequently moved to the Northeast Research and Extension Center, Keiser, AR, in 1997. F.M. Bourland has led the program since 1988, and has been responsible for almost 100 germplasm and cultivar releases and has established methods for evaluating and selecting several cotton traits. The cotton breeding program at UA continues to develop well-adapted lines and concepts that promote profitable cotton production in Arkansas.
History and Progress in Cotton Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics in New Mexico
Authors: Zhang Jinfa
Published: October 2022

The New Mexico Cotton Breeding Program was established in 1926 and has been led by five generations of breeders. The program has released 37 Acala 1517 and one short-staple Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars and numerous germplasm lines. Two Sea-Island G. barbadense L. cultivars have been released for production in the Mesilla Valley, NM. New Mexico germplasm has contributed to the development of 45% of the commercial cotton cultivars including almost all Acala cultivars in California, and has contributed to the improvement in fiber length and strength in U.S. cottons. Many Acala 1517 cultivars are tolerant or resistant to Verticillium wilt and bacterial blight. The recent releases include three transgenic Acala 1517 cultivars, one conventional and two glandless cultivars. The current research program focuses on fiber and seed quality (glandless) to develop elite germplasm with high yields and superior fiber quality and with resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium wilt, thrips, bacterial blight, leaf spot, cotton rust, and tolerance to drought and salinity. Upland × Pima introgression and development of the hybrid seed production system based on cytoplasmic male sterility and the haploid-producing system based on semigamy are also important aspects of the program. Extensive applications of genomic tools and approaches in the program include DNA marker and population development, linkage map construction, and quantitative trait locus mapping. In recent years, reduction in funding and lack of institutional support has hampered the program in delivering solutions to challenging issues such as Fusarium wilt race 4 faced by the cotton farmer.
Miniature Spinning: An Improved Cotton Research Tool
Authors: Manandhar Roji , Delhom Christopher D.
Published: October 2022

Cotton is a natural fiber and is highly variable. Researchers need to evaluate cotton fiber properties to aid in the development of improved varieties and to ensure that changes in agronomic practices do not harm fiber quality or processing propensity. There is a need for fiber quality evaluation beyond laboratory testing which has primarily been designed to assign a value to cotton for trade purposes. The amount of material available to researchers for evaluation is often limited. It is not possible to spin these small samples using conventional processing techniques and machinery. This limitation has led to the development of miniature-scale spinning systems. The objective of this study was to review previously developed miniature processing systems and to introduce an improved system that addresses the weaknesses of previous systems. Commercially available equipment was modified to develop a new miniature spinning system. The newly developed miniature scale processing system was used to convert fiber into quality ring spun yarn. Data were collected to verify the performance of the new system. Depending on the fiber quality, different yarn qualities were produced. The newly developed miniature spinning system processed small cotton samples more efficiently and produced better quality yarn than previous miniature-scale systems.
Effect of Rye Cover Crop Management Methods on Cotton Growth in a Conservation System
Authors: Kornecki Ted S.
Published: October 2022

In conservation agriculture, cover crops must produce sufficient biomass for effective soil coverage and managed appropriately to avoid planting problems. Producers have been inquiring about proper cover crop management including suitable rolling cover crop directions (with respect to planting cash crop) and row cleaner type to be successful in a conservation system. A field experiment evaluated the effects of different rolling directions of cereal rye relative to cotton planting. A no-till planter with commercial row cleaners and a custom residue pusher was evaluated based on cotton stand, emergence rate index (ERI), and cotton yield. Two Alabama locations were chosen to account for different climatic and soil conditions. Cereal rye was terminated with a roller/crimper and glyphosate. Parallel rolling to planting cotton and non-rolled residue using any of the tested row cleaners generated the highest cotton stand when compared to no row cleaner. The DawnTM row cleaner with pusher had a higher cotton stand, especially for non-rolled rye, by effectively pushing residue against the soil surface while planting. Stand was highly correlated with ERI (R2 = 0.99); the fastest ERI was obtained with the parallel rolling with all tested row cleaners. The slowest ERI was with perpendicular and diagonal directions with no row-cleaner. Cotton yield mostly depended on weather; however, row-cleaner treatments had an effect on yield with a lower yield for no row-cleaner. Higher rye accumulation on row cleaners was for standing rye and the Dawn row cleaner due to wrapping and required more time to clean from the planter.
Agronomic Performance and Crop Composition of Genetically Engineered Cotton Tolerant to HPPD Inhibiting Herbicides
Authors: Gottula John , Chapman Kelly , Gao Yutuan , Gillikin Nancy , Beale John , Dharmasri Cecil , Privalle Laura
Published: October 2022

Genetically engineered cotton tolerant to two herbicides with unique modes of action has been developed by Bayer CropScience. This cotton event, referred to as HPPDi cotton, was developed through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to express the modified 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase protein (2mEPSPS) and modified 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD W336) proteins, which respectively confer tolerance to glyphosate and HPPD inhibitor herbicides such as isoxaflutole. The objective of the study was to compare HPPDi cotton (genetic background Coker 312) with non-genetically engineered Coker 312 and commercial reference varieties. Agronomic parameters were collected at 15 field sites including plant population (i.e., stand counts), morphology (i.e., plant mapping) and yield. Lint was analyzed for lint quality via high volume instrument (HVI). Compositional parameters (proximates, anti-nutrients and other components) were analyzed in fuzzy seed produced from eight sites. Statistical analysis was performed to compare HPPDi cotton treated or not treated with isoxaflutole and glyphosate to Coker 312 (the non-genetically engineered conventional counterpart). The results of this comparative assessment indicate that HPPDi cotton is substantially equivalent to its non-genetically engineered conventional counterpart for agronomic parameters, lint quality, and composition as it does not exhibit unexpected agronomic, lint or compositional characteristics.
Influence of Irrigation Pattern on Effectiveness of Furrow Irrigation of Cotton
Authors: Vories Earl D. , Jones Andrea S.
Published: October 2022

Cotton is one of the major crops in the Mid-South growing region of the U.S. and producers there often farm numerous fields spread across a large area. Although sufficient groundwater is available for surface irrigation in many areas, the supply and cost of labor is always a concern. Producers commonly employ patterns such as every-other-furrow irrigation to allow them to irrigate fields in one set and thereby avoid the time and labor required to change sets. In many years there is sufficient rainfall that no obvious deleterious effect is observed from the non-irrigated furrows, however producers are concerned that yield could be reduced. A study was conducted at the University of Missouri Fisher Delta Research Center near Portageville during the 2014 through 2016 growing seasons to investigate the impact of different furrow irrigation patterns on cotton yield and canopy properties. Although yield loss due to waterlogging is a constant concern in the region, in 2014, with four irrigations followed by ≥ 25 mm of rain within the subsequent three days, all irrigated plots yielded significantly more seed cotton than the rainfed treatment. Canopy temperature, plant height, and normalized difference vegetation index were all effective in differentiating between the rainfed and irrigated treatments including differences among some of the irrigation pattern treatments.
Cotton Development and Yield Response to Irrigation, Planting Date, and Cultivar in North Carolina
Authors: Spivey Todd A. , Edmisten Keith L. , Wells Randy , Jordan David , Heitman Joshua L. , Wilkerson Gail G.
Published: October 2022

In 2012, only 2.7% of North Carolina’s cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was irrigated compared to the national average of 39%. The small size and nonuniform shape of most North Carolina fields are not conducive for a center pivot system. However, benefits to yield due to irrigation in North Carolina have been reported, specifically in years receiving below average or sporadic rainfall. The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) on growth and yield of early- and late-maturing cotton cultivars at varying planting dates in eastern North Carolina. In 2014, the site received more than 750 mm of rainfall and no differences were observed for any parameters between irrigated and non-irrigated plots. Total rainfall in 2015 and 2016 was lower with several extended periods without rain events. There was a greater plant height increase and dry weight accumulation throughout the growing season in response to SDI. Cotton yields were increased by SDI in 2015 and 2016. Cultivar only influenced lint yield in 2016 with the earlier-maturing ‘PHY 333 WRF’ having greater lint yield than ‘PHY 499 WRF’. Planting date did not influence yield under irrigated conditions, and the timing of rainfall played a role similar to previous reports in North Carolina. Irrigation applied via SDI will increase cotton plant stature, fruit retention, and yield in response to deficit moisture conditions, independent of planting date or cultivar.
Glufosinate Ammonium Suppresses Tetranychus urticae in Cotton
Authors: Brown Sebe , Kerns David , Yang Fei
Published: October 2022

Twospotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae, are an important agricultural pest of many field crops worldwide. Insecticides and acaricides play a primary role in controlling T. urticae populations on agricultural crops. Here, we used greenhouse and field applied foliar spray tests and leaf dip bioassays to examine the susceptibility of T. urticae to glufosinate ammonium in cotton. Leaf dip bioassay results indicated that T. urticae is highly susceptible to concentrations of formulated glufosinate ammonium. The LC50 value was determined to be 10.31 ppm. Field-applied glufosinate ammonium at 1.61 and 3.14 L ha−1 provided 48.9 and 80.2% control, while fenpyroximate provided 89.6% control five days after treatment in 2015. Greenhouse applications resulted in 55.4% control 14 days after treatment with 0.73 L ha−1, while 1.61 L ha−1 resulted in 72.9% control and 3.14 L ha−1 resulted in 91.9% control of T. urticae populations. Treatment with glufosinate ammonium resulted in significant phytotoxic effects to drought-stressed cotton in the 2015 field trial. These results suggest that glufosinate ammonium may be a useful tool for integrated pest management of weeds and spider mites in cotton. Due to the high cost associated with glufosinate ammonium and possibility of phytotoxic effects under certain conditions, this herbicide it is not considered a viable treatment targeting spider mites but may prove useful for managing mites when utilized for weed management.
NOTE: Does Overexpression of Tomato Fructokinase (LeFRK1) in Cotton Enhance Yield?
Authors: Mukherjee Thiya , Gitz III Dennis C. , Payton Paxton , Kanayama Yoshinori , Granot David , Holaday A. Scott
Published: October 2022

Efforts to identify and introduce single genes that could maintain or increase cotton production in water-limited production settings have resulted in extremely limited success. The primary objective of this investigation was to test whether overexpression of the tomato fructokinase gene, LeFRK1, in field-grown cotton could improve fiber yield under variable growth conditions and contrasting irrigation levels in warm semi-arid environments characteristic of the Southern High Plains. A secondary goal was to determine whether a larger field-scale experiment might be justified based upon the results of this exploratory work. Cotton overexpressing LeFRK1 was field grown in small plots for three years under irrigation, contrasting irrigation levels, or without irrigation. Increased yield was found when comparing all LeFRK1 lines relative to that of the control line, though seasonal and plant-to-plant variability limited confidence in the extension of results to production scale. We hypothesized that yield improvements resulted from a suite of responses arising from increased availability of photosynthate at the leaf to the whole-plant level to developing fruits. The results suggested that LeFRK1 overexpression might be a viable approach to improving cotton yield in warm, semi-arid environments characteristic of the southwestern U.S. However, field trials under agronomically relevant systems and at agronomically relevant scales are needed to confirm these findings.
SUCCESS AND FAILURE RATE OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY (ART) TREATMENT WITH DIFFERENT AGE GROUP OF INFERTILE WOMEN IN RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU
Authors: PRABA L. JEYA , RAJESWARI G. VEERA , ADDLINE D. , SAKTHI VIJI S. , BENNET BINDU
Published: October 2022

There is a mounting evidence regarding increase in female infertility during the last decades, particularly in developing country is like India. Infertility is a major problem that affect the women at an increased rate every year. The knowledge of infertility has a considerable effect on biological, psychological, and social factors for an individual or a couple. When infertility interferes with the progression as expected, people are forced to look for outside assistance in order to become pregnant. Assisted reproductive technologies can usually be used to help the couple. The present study focuses on infertility, primary involuntary infecundity, and the seeking of fertility treatment in a representative study population of women aged 18-44 years (n=510) living in the study area. The purpose of this study is to investigate and create awareness about the success and failure rate of Assisted Reproductive Technique (ART) among infertile women with support of the private infertility Centre, Ramanathapuram District. Tamil Nadu.
PENINGKATAN KETRAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI YANG EFEKTIF DALAM MENDUKUNG KEBERHASILAN PEMBELAJARAN DI ERA PANDEMI
Authors: Wahyudiyono Wahyudiyono , Budiningrum Endah Wening
Published: October 2022

Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di RT 7 Padukuhan  Gonjen, Tamantirto, Kasihan, Bantul D.I. Yogyakarta.  Pengabdian dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan berkomunikasi kepada bapak-bapak dan remaja yang telah terdaftar sebagai peserta pelatihan komunikasi efektif yaitu sejumlah 23 peserta. Metode yang digunakan adalah Tatap muka di dalam ruangan dengan pemberian materi oleh nara sumber dan dilanjutkan dengan diskusi / Tanya jawab / simulasi terkait komunikasi.  Komunikasi adalah proses pernyataan isi pikiran atau isi perasaan seseorang kepada orang lain dengan menggunakan medium bahasa. Komunikasi berati juga penyampaian pesan oleh komunikator kepada komunikan. Pesan tersebut terdiri dari isi pesan (the content of the massege) dan lambang (symbol). Isi pesan dimediasi oleh pikiran atau perasaan dan lambang dimediasi oleh bahasa. Komunikasi adalah salah satu sarana untuk terkoneksi dengan orang lain. Ada komunikasi yang bersifat verbal dan ada pula yang bersifat non verbal. Komunikasi verbal adalah komunikasi yang terjadi dengan berbicara pada orang lain sedangkan non verbal adalah komunikasi yang terjadi melalui perantara atau media. Dalam komunikasi verbal maka sangat penting untuk bisa menyusun kata-kata yang keluar dari mulut kita menjadi sebuah informasi yang dapat dimengerti, berguna dan menarik bagi   lain. Komunikasi yang jelas akan membuat orang lain memperhatikan dan menghargai apa yang kita bicarakan inilah yang dimaksud komunikasi efektik. Komukasi secara efektif perlu lebih diperhatikan terlebih pada pembelajaran Online. Internet dalam masa pandemi menjadi solusi ideal yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran.  Internet mampu memberikan dukungan bagi terselenggaranya proses komunikasi interaktif dalam pembelajaran sebagaimana yang dipersyaratkan dalam suatu kegiatan pembelajaran daring atau Online.
PENYULUHAN DAN SIMULASI DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN NOMER INDUK BERUSAHA (NIB) BAGI KELOMPOK WANITA TANI ANUGERAH GUWOSARI
Authors: Hapsari Cinthia Mutiara
Published: October 2022

Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah tentang bagaimana Pendaftaran Izin Usaha Mikro Kecil (IUMK) di Kelompok Wanita Tani Anugrah Guwosari melalui Sistem Online Peraturan Pemerintah Single Submission (OSS) berdasarkan Nomor 24 Tahun 2018 ini, berangkat dari kurangnya sosialisasi dan edukasi kepada pelaku UMKM. Tingkat antusiasme peserta cukup tinggi dimana peserta banyak mengajukan pertanyaan seputar legalitas usaha dan berminat untuk mengurus legalitas usahanya.Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran hukum pelaku UMKM untuk mengurus legalitas usahanya. Metode peningkatan kesadaran hukum dengan memberikan pendampingan. Adapun materi sosialisai meliputi UU No. 20 Tahun 2008 tentang UMKM dan Perpres No 98 Tahun 2014,Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelayanan Perizinan Berusaha Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik/Online Single Submission (OSS). Pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah sebagai salah satu pelaku pembangunan ekonomi di daerah perlu diberdayakan melalui pengembangan sumber daya manusia, dukungan permodalan, produksi dan produktifitas, perlindungan usaha, pengembangan kemitraan, jaringan usaha dan pemasaran serta legalitas usahanya melalui Online Single Submission (OSS). Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman dan kesadaran hukum UMKM untuk mengurus legalitas usahanya.
PENERAPAN DIGITAL MARKETING DALAM BUDIDAYA LELE DENGAN SISTEM SAUNA DI KARANG TARUNA TEKAD MANDIRI UNIT 5 SENDANGSARI MINGGIR SLEMAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Kuswanto Kuswanto , NAJIB KHOIRI , Fathoni Muhammad Isnaini , Subiyantoro Ary
Published: October 2022

People who have businesses should have expertise and knowledge in handling theirbusinesses, so they can develop their businesses easily without any problems. The purposeof this community service activity is to stabilize the state of agriculture to livestock. Withcultivation, breeders also indirectly create new jobs for the residents around thiscommunity service activity which is followed by community members. This activityinvolved a team of AMA Yogyakarta lecturers in an effort to collaborate with thecommunity in order to develop their business. Based on the data on the results of the fieldservice that the author carried out, that by holding this service the community has theability to develop the business they already have.
SOSIALISASI TENTANG DAGUSIBU OBAT DI LEDOK TIMOHO KOTAMADYA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Yulianto Danang , Rissa Mexsi Mutia , Wijaya Andi , Sofyan Octariana , Azzahra Fara
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAK

Permasalahan kesehatan diindonesia sangat kompleks khususnya terkait obat masih banyak ditemui di masyarakat. Permasalahan yang berhubungan dengan obat terjadi karena masyarakat kurang paham tentang penggunaan dan penanganan obat yang baik dan benar. Salah satu cara pengelolaan obat yang baik dan benar adalah dengan menerapkan program DAGUSIBU (DApatkan, GUnakan, SImpan, BUang) obat. Berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh, masyarakat di Ledok Timoho ini belum pernah mendapatkan informasi tentang DAGUSIBU obat,  sehingga perlu dilaksanakan sosialisasi tentang DAGUSIBU obat. Kegiatan ini dimaksudkan untuk dapat membagikan informasi tentang penggunaan dan penanganan obat yang benar kepada warga masyarakat di Kotamadya Yogyakarta khususnya warga Ledok Timoho. Metode sosialisasi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pengenalan masalah,  pelaksanaan sosialisasi DAGUSIBU obat dengan cara penyuluhan, diskusi interaktif, dan pambagian buku saku DAGUSIBU obat. Kegiatan sosialisasi tentang DAGUSIBU obat berjalan dengan lancar, dan tingkat kehadiran peserta sebanyak 85,6% dari seluruh undangan. Peserta yang hadir dalam sosialisasi sangat antusias dalam mendengarkan penjelasan dan aktif bertanya terkait penggunaan obat dan penanganannya, hal tersebut dapat menunjang terwujudnya program pemerintah dalam peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat sekitar Ledok Timoho. Sosialisasi ini mampu meningkatkan pemahaman peserta tentang pengelolaan obat dengan baik dan benar serta diharapkan dapat menerapkan pengetahuan tentang obat tersebut dalam lingkungan keluarga dan masyarakat.

Kata kunci : DAGUSIBU, Obat, Sosialisasi