bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personalized tourniquet pressure may be a better choice than uniform tourniquet pressure during total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomized- controlled trials.
Authors: Sun Changjiao , Yang Xin , Ma Qi , Yu Peng , Cai Xu , Zhou Yonggang
Published: April 2021

Background: Pneumatic tourniquets are widely used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Some surgeons prefer a uniform tourniquet inflation pressure (UTIP)for all patients; others use personalized tourniquet inflation pressures (PTIP) based on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and limb occlusion pressure(LOP). However, no consensus exists regarding the optimal mode of inflation pressure during TKA. This review aimed to appraise if personalized tourniquet inflation pressures are better than uniform tourniquet inflation. Methods: The databases (Web of Science，Embase，PubMed，Cochrane Controlled Trials Register,、Cochrane Library、Highwire、CBM、CNKI、VIP、Wanfang) were searched on March 2021 to systematically identify and screen the literature for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving PTIP and UTIP during total knee arthroplasty.Results: Thirteen randomized controlled trials, involving 1204 TKAs (1201 patients) were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis identified a trend toward less Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score at rest with PTIP group at one day（P=0.002），2-3day（P=0.01）, and less VAS score at activity 1day (P＜0.0001 ),2-3 days after the operation (P＜0.00001 )and discharge (P＜0.0001). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of VAS score at rest when discharge (P=1.0). We also found no significant difference in terms of intraoperative blood loss（P=0.48）, total blood loss（P=0.15）, lower limb vein thrombosis （P=0.42）and thigh bullae（P=0.17）. However, in the PTIP group, we found a significant higher Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score （P=0.007）,broader knee Range of motion(ROM)（P=0.02）,less rate of thigh ecchymosis（P=0.00001）and shorter thigh circumference at one day(P=0.006), 2-3day (P=0.0005), and discharge(P=0.02).Conclusion: PTIP provides a similar bloodless surgical field compared with the conventional UTIP. Furthermore, PTIP provides less pain intensity, thigh circumference, rate of thigh ecchymosis, higher HSS and better initial recovery of knee flexion in total knee arthroplasty. Therefore, we recommend using a PTIP method during TKA. More adequately powered and better-designed randomized controlled trials （RCTs）studies with long-term follow-up are required to produce evidence-based guidelines regarding the PTIP method.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) Are Potentially Valuable Tests for Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Wu Hao , Pan Liping , Meng Zhichao , Liu Heng , Yang Xin , Cao Yongping
Published: April 2021

Background

Diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is challenging for clinicians, and the most commonly used methods are too complicated and expensive for many clinical practices. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and platelet–to-mean platelet volume ratio (PVR), are simple biomarkers of infection and can be easily determined from routine blood tests. The aim of our study is to determine the value of these three parameters for the diagnosis of PJI.
Methods

One hundred and sixty-four patients who received revision surgery after total knee or total hip replacements were enrolled, 47 in a PJI group and 117 in an aseptic failure group. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to compare the performance of NLR, PLR, PVR, C reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) for the diagnosis of PJI.
Results

The levels of NLR, PLR, and PVR were significantly higher in patients with PJI (all P < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) values of NLR (0.740), PLR (0.721), and PVR (0.668) were lower than those for CRP (0.896) and ESR (0.829). PLR had the highest sensitivity (85.11%) among all tested biomarkers, and NLR improved the diagnostic performance when used with CRP.
Conclusion

NLR and PLR are potentially valuable tests for the diagnosis of PJI, but PVR only has limited diagnostic value.
Spatial-Temporal Rainfall Models Based On Poisson Cluster Processes
Authors: Aryal Nanda R , Jones Owen D
Published: April 2021

We fit stochastic spatial-temporal models to high-resolution rainfall radar data using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). As a baseline we fit a model of Cox, Isham and Northrop, which we then generalise in a variety of ways. Of central importance is the use of ABC, as it is not possible to fit models of this complexity using previous approaches. We also introduce the use of Simulated Method of Moments (SMM) to initialise the ABC fit.
Identification of potential key genes in anaplastic thyroid cancer using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Chaoliang Xiong , Wei Jin , Chen Ping , Zhang Yanping , Zhu Huange , Zhao Yuqi , Lu Wei , He Qian , Geng Yan , Zhu Jianhong
Published: April 2021

Background

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) has a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Its incidence accounts for approximately 10–15% of all thyroid cancers. The purpose of this study was to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ATC through biometric analysis technology, clarify the potential interactions between them, and screen genes related to the prognosis of ATC.
Methods

The GSE29265, GSE65144, GSE33630, and GSE85457 expression profiles downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) contained a total of 117 tissue samples (81 normal thyroid tissue samples and 36 ATC samples). The four datasets were integrated and analyzed by the limma packages to obtain DEGs. With these DEGs, we performed gene ontology functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis using Cytoscape, and survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter.
Results.

After R integration analysis of the four datasets, 764 DEGs were obtained, i.e., 314 upregulated and 450 downregulated genes. Among the hub DEGs obtained in the PPI network, the expression levels of thymidylate synthase (TYMS), fibronectin 1, chordin-like 1, syndecan 2, integrin alpha 2, collagen type I alpha 1 chain, collagen type IX alpha 3 chain (COL9A3), and collagen type XXIII alpha 1 chain (COL23A1) were associated with ATC prognosis. These results showed that the overall survival and recurrence-free survival of TYMS, COL9A3, and COL23A1 were statistically significant in our KM plotter survival analysis; thus, these DEGs may be used as potential biomarkers of ATC.
Conclusion

This study identified several potential target genes and pathways that may affect the development of ATC. These findings provide new insights for the detection of novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for ATC.
Value of Maximum Standard Uptake Value as a Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Index in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Kairui , Wang Baozhen , Zhao Qian , Guo Li , Liang Yongfeng , Zhao Duowen , Chen Jing , Li Tao
Published: April 2021

Background: To study the application value of standard uptake value (SUVmax), a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) index in the diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer who have not received any treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the patients who were diagnosed to have gastric cancer at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and received a PET/CT examination prior to treatment. According to different factors like sex, pathological stage, and survival time, the SUVmax in the results of 18F-labelled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT examination was statistically compared and analysed. Results: A total of 110 newly diagnosed patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. Pathological results confirmed that there were 78 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma, 30 cases of primary gastric lymphoma and two cases of chronic atrophic gastritis. The difference between the primary gastric lymphoma group and gastric adenocarcinoma groups was statistically significant (t = 4.13, P < 0.05). In the postoperative pathological report of patients with gastric cancer, the SUVmax of stage I, stage II, stage III and stage IV were 2.89 ± 1.36, 14.09 ± 9.32, 7.36 ± 3.72, and 10.20 ± 1.91, respectively, the difference between each group was statistically significant (F = 16.10, P < 0.05).The univariate survival analysis showed that there was a significant difference in survival time between the low SUVmax and high SUVmax groups (X2 = 5.08, P < 0.05). Cox multivariate survival analysis showed that SUVmax was an independent factor affecting postoperative survival time of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). Compared with the low SUVmax group, patients in the high SUVmax group had a higher postoperative death risk than those in the low SUVmax group, hazard ration (HR) = 3.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-14.01). Conclusion: The index of SUVmax in PET/CT can provide a reliable semi-quantitative diagnostic value for pathological staging after gastric cancer surgery. Furthermore, SUVmax has an important reference value for the survival time of patients after gastric cancer surgery, which can better guide clinical treatment.
Propranolol Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines Through Notch1 and Hes1 Signaling System
Authors: Kim Hyun Sik , Park Young Han , Kwon Mi Jung , Song Joon Ho , Chang In Bok
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe anti-tumor effect of the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol in breast cancer is well known; however, its activity in glioblastoma is not well-evaluated. The Notch-Hes pathway is known to regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. We investigated the effect of propranolol to human glioblastoma cell lines, and the role of Notch and Hes signaling in this process.MethodsWe performed immunohistochemical staining on 31 surgically resected primary human glioblastoma tissues. We also used glioblastoma cell lines of U87-MG, LN229, and neuroblastoma cell line of SH-SY5Y in this study. The effect of propranolol and isoproterenol on cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay (absorbance 570nm). The impact of propranolol on gene expression (Notch and Hes) was evaluated using real-time (RT) PCR, whereas protein levels of Notch1 and Hes1 were measured using western blotting (WB), simultaneously. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to suppress the Notch gene to investigate its role in the proliferation of glioblastoma.ResultsPropranolol and isoproterenol caused a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation (MTT assay). RT-PCR showed an increase in Notch1 and Hes1 expression by propranolol, whereas WB demonstrated increase in Notch1 protein, but a decrease in Hes1 by propranolol. The proliferation of U87-MG and LN229 was not significantly suppressed after transfection with Notch siRNA.ConclusionThese results demonstrated that propranolol suppressed the proliferation of glioblastoma cell lines and neuroblastoma cell line, and Hes1 was more closely involved than Notch1 was in glioblastoma proliferation.
Association Between Gestational Weight Gain in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shi Ping , Liu Aimin , Yin Xiaoyan
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To examine the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs).Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled women with GDM and singleton live birth pregnancies who delivered between January 2010 and December 2020. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between GWG outside the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines and APOs.Results: Overall, 1606 women with GDM fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After adjusting for confounders, total GWG above IOM guidelines in pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of caesarean delivery [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.72], hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (aOR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.28-3.12), preeclampsia (aOR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.01-3.12), macrosomia (aOR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.13-2.13) and LGA (aOR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.43-2.10), and a decreased risk of premature rupture of membrane (PROM) (aOR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.36-0.60) and preterm birth (aOR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.26-0.44); total GWG below IOM guidelines in pregnancy was associated with an increased relative risk of preterm birth (aOR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.44-2.66) and SGA (aOR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.11-1.50) and a decreased relative risk of macrosomia (aOR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.23-0.53). Further, in both second and third trimesters of pregnancy, GWG above IOM guidelines was found to be associated with a high risk of HDP (aOR=2.55, 95% CI: 1.86-3.38; aOR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.08-2.98), preeclampsia (aOR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.21-3.81; aOR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.35-4.37), macrosomia (aOR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.02-1.82; aOR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.51-2.64) and LGA (aOR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.36-2.04; aOR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.62-2.18). GWG above IOM guidelines in the third trimester of pregnancy also increased the risk of caesarean delivery (aOR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.16-2.34). While GWG below IOM guidelines in both second and third trimesters of pregnancy was associated with a decreased relative risk of macrosomia (aOR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.52-0.78; aOR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.39-0.63). In addition, GWG below IOM guidelines in the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased relative risk of preterm birth (aOR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.12-2.05) and SGA (aOR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.10-1.69).Conclusion: GWG, outside the IOM guidelines has increased risks of APOs among women with GDM, implying that careful surveillance for GWG during different stages of pregnancy is warranted.
Robust valley polarized states beyond topology
Authors: Bisharat Dia'aaldin J. , Sievenpiper Daniel F.
Published: April 2021

Valley-contrast physics has gained considerable attention, particularly for realizing photonic topological insulators (PTIs) that support reflection-free valley-polarized edge modes (VPEMs) in the absence of inter-valley scattering. It is an open question whether similar robust states can exist in the absence of topological order. We propose a new approach to VPEMs based on a line defect in a topologically-trivial, C6υ-symmetric photonic crystal (PhC). The VPEMs result from opposing orbital angular momenta (OAM) due to a local valley Hall effect (LVHE), where the valley polarization is locally defined as opposed to being fixed throughout the bulk of the PhC. We fabricate our device on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) slab and characterize it at near-infrared frequencies showing robust transmission through sharp bends. Our results present a new perspective to the existence of gapless chiral edge (kink) states and outlines a new waveguiding mechanism applicable to the electromagnetic spectrum as well as other wave systems including plasmonics, mechanics and acoustics.
70-year anthropogenic uranium imprints of nuclear activities in Baltic Sea sediments
Authors: Lin Mu , Qiao Jixin , Hou Xiaolin , Dellwig Olaf , Steier Peter , Hain Karin , Golser Robin , Zhu Liuchao
Published: April 2021

Strongly stratified water structure and densely populated catchment make the Baltic Sea one of the most polluted seas. Understanding its circulation pattern and time scale is essential to predict the dynamics of hypoxia, eutrophication, and pollutants. Anthropogenic 236U and 233U have been demonstrated as excellent transient tracers in oceanic studies, but unclear input history and inadequate long-term monitoring records limit their application in the Baltic Sea. From two dated Baltic sediment cores, we obtained high-resolution records of anthropogenic uranium imprints originated from three major human nuclear activities throughout the Atomic Era. Using the novel 233U/236U signature, we distinguished and quantified 236U inputs from global fallout (43.3%-50.5%), Chernobyl accident (< 0.9%), and discharges of civil nuclear industry (48.6%-56.7%) to the Baltic Sea. We estimated the total release of 233U (7-15kg) from the atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, and pinpointed 233U peak signal in the mid-to-late 1950s as a potential time marker for the onset of the Anthropocene Epoch. This work also provides fundamental 236U data for Chernobyl accident and early discharges from civil nuclear facilities, prompting worldwide 233U-236U tracer studies. We anticipate our data to be a broader application in model-observation interdisciplinary research on water circulation and pollutant dynamics in the Baltic Sea.
Fillet Yield and Length-Weight Relationship of Five Fish Species From Lower River Benue, Makurdi, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forestry and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Makurdi, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria, Tosin Okomoda Victor ,   Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries Research (AQUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Gabriel Solomon Shola ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forestry and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Makurdi, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria, Wukatda Songbe S. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forestry and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Makurdi, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria, Simon I Ikape ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forestry and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Makurdi, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria,   Agricultural Department, National Biotechnology Development Agency (NABDA), Abuja, Nigeria, Mhd Ikhwanuddin ,   Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries Research (AQUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi ,   Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries Research (AQUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: April 2021

The body characteristics and yield indices of Clarias gariepinus, Bagrus bajad, Synodontis nigrita, Labeo senegalensis and Mormyrus rume from lower Benue River in Nigeria were determined in this study using 60 samples each for the fish species. Length, weight and fillet correlations were also determined during the study. Results obtained showed that M. rume, L. senegalensis and C. gariepinus had the highest percentage of edible parts (≥ 55%) compared to the other species (≤ 39%). Concerning correlations of the fillet with the morphological variables, results obtained suggest that fillet yield is independent of fish size (except for C. gariepinus which was positively correlated). Also, only samples of L. senegalensis showed isometric growth pattern; the other fish species had either positive (C. gariepinus and B. bajad) or negative (S. nigrita and M. rume) allometric growth. While the difference in fillet yield and body characteristics was attributed to the structural anatomy and other biological dynamics of the fishes, this study could not establish a connection between fillet yield and the length-weight relationship. It was concluded that M. rume, L. senegalensis and C. gariepinus would be better export products because of their higher fillet yields.
A Consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichoderma harzianum for Improving Growth and Induced Biochemical Changes in Fusarium Wilt Infected Bananas
Authors: Clement Kiing Fook Wong  , Dzarifah Zulperi  , Noor Baity Saidi  , Ganesan Vadamalai
Published: April 2021

Fusarium wilt of banana cannot be effectively controlled by current control strategies. The most virulent form that caused major losses in the banana production is Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc-TR4). Biocontrol of Foc-TR4 using microbial antagonists offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative. A consortium of biocontrol agents (BCAs), Pseudomonas aeruginosa DRB1 and Trichoderma harzianum CBF2 was formulated into pesta granules, talc powder, alginate beads and liquid bioformulations. Previous study indicated bioformulations containing both BCAs successfully reduced the disease severity of Foc-TR4. To date, the biocontrol mechanism and plant growth promoting traits of a consortium of BCAs on infected bananas have not been explored. Therefore, the study was undertaken to investigate the effect of a consortium of DRB1 and CBF2 in the growth and biochemical changes of Foc-TR4 infected bananas. Results indicated pesta granules formulation produced bananas with higher biomass (fresh weight – 388.67 g), taller plants (80.95 cm) and larger leaves (length – 39.40 cm, width – 17.70 cm) than other bioformulations. Applying bioformulations generally produced plants with higher chlorophyll (392.59 – 699.88 ?g/g FW) and carotenoid contents (81.30 – 120.01 ?g/g FW) compared to pathogen treatment (chlorophyll – 325.96 ?g/g FW, carotenoid – 71.98 ?g/g FW) which indicated improved vegetative growth. Bioformulation-treated plants showed higher phenolic (49.58 – 93.85 ?g/g FW) and proline contents (54.63 ?g/g FW – 89.61 ?g/g FW) than Foc-TR4 treatment (phenolic – 46.45 ?g/g FW, proline – 28.65 ?g/g FW). The malondialdehylde (MDA) content was lower in bioformulation treatments (0.49 – 1.19 Nm/g FW) than Foc-TR4 treatment (3.66 Nm/g FW). The biochemical changes revealed that applying bioformulations has induced host defense response by increasing phenolic and proline contents which reduced root damage caused by Foc-TR4 resulting in lower MDA content. In conclusion, applying bioformulations containing microbial consortium is a promising method to improve growth and induce significant biochemical changes in bananas leading to the suppression of Foc-TR4.
MULLER CYST IN A YOUNG PATIENT
Authors:   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Khalid Ouatar , Mohammed Benamar ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Mustapha Ahssaini ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Soufiane Mellas ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Mohamed Fadl Tazi ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Ammari Jalal Eddine El ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Jamal El Fassi Mohammed ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes., Moulay Hassan Farih ,   Urology Department, Chu Hassan Ii Fes.
Published: April 2021

Muller cyst is very rare. It is found in about 5% of azoosperm patients. It is a residual embryological vestige of the female genital organ in men. It is a collection developed in the residual uterine cavity of man called the prostatic utricle. [1] it is a benign lesion, most often congenital, rarely acquired. This lesion may be asymptomatic or symptomatic, and may in rare cases be associated with renal agenesis. [2] various means of treatment, treatment is compulsory for cysts that are symptomatic and / or complicated by subfertility. We report here a case of mullers cyst in a young patient treated by puncture and evacuation.
IMPROVING STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION OF LEARNING IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE USING 7ES INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL
Authors:   Pasig City Science High School, Division of Pasig City, Department of Education., M. Villacrusis Ephraim , Teresa R. Beloy Maria ,   Pasig City Science High School, Division of Pasig City, Department of Education.
Published: April 2021

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of 7Es Instructional Model in the achievement of students in Environmental Science. It is anchored in the belief that between the two, the Traditional Approach and the use of 7Es Instructional Model in teaching Environmental Science, the latter leads to a positive effect on science achievement and retention of previously gained concepts in the Environmental Science Strand in K to 12 Science Curriculum. This study used the Quasi-Experimental Design, particularly Two Ã¢Â€Â“ Factor Mixed Design. The experimental group was subjected to the use of 7Es Learning Model for teaching environmental science while the control group was taught with the Traditional Approach.The participants of the study were 38, 7th graders from each group. The experimental and the control groups of participants were given pre-test, underwent different treatments and were given the post-test. Three weeks, later the same post Ã¢Â€Â“ test was re-administered to assess the retention level of the participants. The instrument used in the study were the Lesson plan, and Teacher-made Achievement Test. The instruments were validated by the pool of experts and were rated very good.Resultsshows that there is no significant difference between the posttest scores of the experimental and control groups. It also revealed that there is a significant difference between the posttest and pretest mean scores of the experimental and control groups while retention of previously gained concept in science was significant in the lag test scores of the experimental group. Analysis of Test Items and Lesson plans (7Es Instructional Model) shows that the category Explore, Explain, Elaborate and Extends promote high scores in the Science Achievement Test. Thus, teachers may use the 7Es instructional Model in making Daily Lesson Plan in teaching science subjects to improve the achievement and enhance retention of previously gained concepts of students.
DEVELOPMENT NEED ASSESSMENT AND EVOLVING PLAN FOR BOGALUR BLOCK, RAMANATHPURAM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU
Authors: Bhatt Gulshan , Rajalakshmi S.
Published: April 2021

This study has done to find the minimum needs to the people of Bogalur block, Ramanathpuram district of Tamil Nadu. Needs assessment is a process for determining an organizations needs. It usually consists of three main parts:Initiation, Data Collection & Analysis and Final Production.A needs assessment can be implemented within the organization and within the community to categorize an arising need. Any training needs assessment depends on the condition& situation of the place to implement. This research helps to understand the problem faced by the people and what kind of need they have. The methodology used for this study iscollection of secondary data, collection of primary data through PRAs and personal interview. And After identifying the need of poor community people, a plan has been developed for the block along with community participation.
THE APPLICATION OF GOOGLE CLASSROOM TO MOTIVATE ENGLISH NON-MAJORED STUDENTS
Authors:   Van Lang University, Vietnam., Phuoc Khai M.A. Tong , Thi Nam Thi M.A. Nguyen ,   Van Lang University, Vietnam.
Published: April 2021

This research aims to report the overall view of Google Classroom application on teaching and learning English of teachers/researchers and learnersin an effort to improve their performance.To achieve the objectives, the studywas done over one semester with two classes of Commerce students at Van Lang University. In-depth interviews with the students and the teachers, and questionnaires were used as main toolsfor data collection which served as a basis for assessing the innovation of using Google Classroomeffects. The analysis of the questionnairessummarizes the results of the study as follows: In overall, both the teachers/researchers and the students considered learning using Google Classroom as a blended tool more interesting and effective than traditional ones, and the study presents some evidence on the potential of Google Classroom in teaching. Nonetheless, there still existed some problems at the end of the semester. The paper will further highlight the benefits of Google Classroom activitiesand their impacts on students motivation.
ASPECT PSEUDOTUMORAL DUN ABCES TUBO-OVARIEN
Authors:   Service De Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., El Hilali Fouzia , Karam Saoud Mohamed ,   Service De Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Mamouni Nissrine ,   Service De Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Errarhay Sanaa ,   Service De Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Bouchikhi Chahrazed ,   Service De Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Banani Abdelaziz ,   Service De Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes.
Published: April 2021

Les abces tubo-ovariens sont une complication tardive des infections genitales hautes. Ils regroupent les pyosalpinx, les abces de lovaire, les abces tubo-ovariens proprement dits et les collections abcedees du Douglas dorigine genitale. Leur diagnostic repose sur un trepied clinique, biologique et radiologique. Le traitement associe une antibioterapie parentherale probabiliste avec une ponction drainage de labces echoguidee ou par voie coelioscopique. Le recours Ã la chirurgie est reserve en cas dechec de traitement medical ou en cas de risque vital. Nous rapportons un cas particulier dune patiente Ã¢gee de 28 ans, qui a presente un tableau typique dabces tubo-ovarien mais dont lexploration chirurgicale a mis en evidence une masse annexielle gauche daspect pseudo tumoral suspect avec des adherences au tube digestif, liberees soigneusement, et un epanchement peritoneal de moyenne abondance serohematique, une annexectomie gauche a ete realisee, letude anatomopathologique a conclu au diagnostic dabces tubo-ovarien sans visualisation de lesion tumorale associee.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF TRIPLE ASSESSMENT IN EVALUATION OF BREAST LUMP
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, IMS and Sum Hospital, SOA deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Vishnuteja M. , Saurav Rout Suman ,   Department of General Surgery, IMS and Sum Hospital, SOA deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Kumar Sahoo Prakash ,   Department of General Surgery, IMS and Sum Hospital, SOA deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Published: April 2021

Breast masses have a variety of etiologies, benign and malignant. Most masses are benign, but breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. The Study is done with an aim of assessing the added and singular dependability of modified triple testing in making a pre-procedural diagnosis of a breast lump. A random sample of 150 patients attending the surgery outpatient department was taken. Of the 150 patients presenting with breast lumps most of the lumps were painless 81.3%(n=122),10% (n=16)of the lumps were associated with pain and 8%(n=12) were associated with nipple discharge. A fine collaboration between experienced radiologists, cytologist and the Clinician is required.Ultrasound when replacing mammography serves as effective an imaging modality in palpable breast lumps and is more comprehensive.Ultrasound breast aids biopsy techniques by guidance to the representative area than increasing yield. CNB is a suitable alternative when FNA is inconclusive and may offer additional information. Thus the use of Modified Triple Test( MTT) to complement findings in differential diagnosis of a lesion in a symptomatic women seeking medical care deserves acceptance and further evolution. This may lead to less delay in treatment when malignancy is suspected and to avoidance of surgical exploration when a benign nature of lesion is suspected.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SERUM TOTAL CHOLESTEROL IN PRE AND POST-CHOLECYSTECTOMY PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai - 206130, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India., Jawad Kalbe , Rahman Adil ,   Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai - 206130, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India., Pal Singh Somendra ,   Department of Surgery, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai - 206130, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India., Sharma Pradeep ,   Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai - 206130, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India., Gupta Kalpesh ,   Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai - 206130, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: April 2021

Background:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has many advantages over laparotomy like smaller incisions, reduced surgical trauma, less post-operative pain, faster recovery time, shorter hospital stay, and faster return to normal activities or routine work. So, it is considered as the gold standard for surgical treatment of benign gallbladder disease like cholelithiasis.The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of serum total cholesterol with cholelithiasis patients and effect of cholecystectomy on the same by laparoscopic procedure. Methodology: This study was conducted prospectively on 109 patients in a tertiary care hospital in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. From January 2019 to December 2019, patients admitted for cholecystectomy in General surgery ward of this hospital were included in this study. Fasting blood samples of the patients were collected firstbefore surgery and then 12-24 hours after surgery and were analyzed in the biochemistry laboratory of the institute after proper control and calibration, meeting the quality standard of the laboratory. Values of serum total cholesterol thus obtained were compared with each other. Results: In our study, 84.4% patients were females with mean age of 43.1 years and 15.6% patients were males with mean age of 40.8 years. A reduction in mean value of serum total cholesterol was noted pre-operatively from 221.1 mg/dL to 203.5 mg/dL post-operatively. Conclusion: From our study, we concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is beneficial in lowering down the serum total cholesterol and hence reduces the risk factors for associated diseases.
CHANGING FACE OF ELECTORAL BEHAVIOUR: ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA -GENERAL ELECTIONS 2019
Authors:   Associate Professor, Aditi Mahavidyalaya University of Delhi., Sawshilya Archana
Published: April 2021

The 2019 election witnessed a society that was consuming digital technology .For the first time in the history of Indiaâ€™s political platform the national elections were fought both on the streets and by using the smart phones and social media platforms using the digital technology .The digital media teams of the political parties in the 2019 elections played a very crucial role in trying to tip the scales in the favor of their party .The NaMo app had nearly 10 million downloads while the Shakti app of the Congress had around 70-80 lakh users. But the critics raised the question what if the party that mis-adopted the technology during 2019 is also the majority party in the house that would be responsible for designing the control mechanisms?
Protective properties of the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and methods of their activation
Authors: Radtsig E. Yu. , Radtsig A. N. , Varavina M. A.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the issues of the protective mechanisms of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract: mucociliary clearance, production of protective proteins and the mucosal immunity system. The data on the significance and relationship of lymphoid structures associated with mucous membranes of various anatomical localization are presented. The mechanisms of action of topical bacterial lysates are considered, their effectiveness in the treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases and their complications is described.
Geno-phenotypic﻿ characteristics﻿ of﻿ Ehlers–Danlos﻿ syndrome:﻿ difficulties﻿ of﻿ disease﻿ type﻿ identification﻿ and﻿ approaches﻿ to﻿ pathogenetic ﻿treatment
Authors: Nikolaeva E. A. , Semyachkina A. N.
Published: April 2021

Veltischev Researchand Clinical Institutefor Pediatricsofthe Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia The article presents modern data on the most common monogenic connective tissue disease – Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. The authors describe two previous classifications of the syndrome: Berlin (1988) classification, which distinguishes 11 types of the disease, and Beyton (1998) classification, which includes 6 types of the syndrome and takes into account the results of molecular genetic studies. Particular attention is paid to a new classification, proposed by the International Consortium in 2017. This classification is based on the clinical and molecular genetic data and unites 13 types of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, divided in 7 groups (A–G), depending on the main molecular defect. This defect determines the violation of various collagen structures (primary, spatial, cross-linking) and others constituents of the connective tissue (myomatrix, glycosaminoglycans, complement component, etc.). The classification provides general clinical symptoms for all types of the disease and comprehensive information on the specific signs of each of the 13 types of the syndrome.

The authors discuss approaches to the pathogenetic therapy of the syndrome, the possibilities of symptomatic treatment, including both medications of different spectrum of action, and physiotherapeutic measures, exercise therapy. The complex of the listed therapeutic measures is aimed at stabilizing the main pathological process, preventing complications, improving the patient’s quality of life and social adaptation. The authors emphasize that correct patient management, targeted medical supervision and medical genetic counseling requires molecular genetic verification of the diagnosis.
Renal oligohydramnios and Potter sequence with cystic kidney disease
Authors: Andreeva E. F. , Savenkova N. D.
Published: April 2021

For the first time in 1946 E.L. Potter (1901–1993) described the characteristic appearance of stillborns and deceased newborns with bilateral renal agenesis. Due to the further observations Potter distinguished the syndrome (Q60.6) – a set of characteristic external signs that are formed due to the extreme degree of oligohydramnios and intrauterine compression of the fetus. Classical Potter syndrome is diagnosed by the disfunction of both kidneys in the fetus (for example, bilateral agenesis), which leads to death. The term «Potter sequence» or oligohydramnios sequence with diverse causes has received the wide clinical use. The term «renal oligohydramnios» (ROH) is used to describe oligohydramnios resulting from a decrease or absence of fetal kidney function. The authors state that renal oligohydramnios and Potter sequence often develop in the fetus with cystic kidney disease with the formation of cysts in the parenchyma of both kidneys (autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, glomerulocystic kidney disease associated with HNF1ß/TCF2 gene mutations, renal-coloboma syndrome, cystic renal hypoplasia, cystic renal dysplasia with mutations of the CEP55 gene).
Clinical features of the TORCH syndrome in newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection depending on birth body weight
Authors: Kirilochev O. K. , Sergienko D. F. , Kibirova A. I.
Published: April 2021

Objective: to study the clinical features of TORCH syndrome in newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection depending on body weight at birth

Characteristics of children and research methods. The study included 70 patients (43 premature, 27 full-term) with with congenital acute cytomegalovirus infection, manifested form. Patient characteristics: Group 1: 21 premature children with extremely and very low body weight at birth; Group 2: 22 premature children with very low body weight; Group 3: 27 full-term children with body weight more than 2,500 g. The congenital cytomegalovirus infection was diagnosed on the presence of TORCH syndrome and etiological verification in the first 3 weeks of life.

Results. The authors found that children with extremely and very low body weight significantly more often (p<0.05) had hydrocephalus and interstitial pneumonia than children with low body weight. The full-term patients weighing more than 2,500 g suffered from hemolytic anemia, brain calcifications and congenital heart defects (p<0.05) statistically significantly more often than preterm patients. Reduced duration of pregnancy in preterm labor contributes to the rare occurrence of hemolytic anemia and calcifications in the brain of premature babies. Periventricular localization of calcifications is characteristic of full-term infants. It is necessary to exclude congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborns with congenital heart defects and other clinical manifestations of TORCH syndrome.

Conclusion. The results of the study can be used to diagnose cytomegalovirus infection in children, depending on the birth weight.
Lipids methabolism and antioxidant status in exogenous constitutional obesity in girls of Buryatia
Authors: Kolesnikova L. I. , Darenskaya M. A. , Rychkova L. V. , Grebenkina L. A. , Semenova N. V. , Kolesnikov S. I.
Published: April 2021

The study of adolescent obesity and pathogenic factors of its development is getting more and more important as the disease aggravates in adulthood. The serious progress in the study of the pathogenesis of this process can be achieved by analyzing the molecular mechanisms of the obesity development in childhood and adolescence. An individual approach to the diagnosis and treatment of obesity includes various factors, including the patient’s nationality. In recent decades there is an increase in the incidence of obesity among the representatives of the Mongoloid race, which is not characteristic of this racial group. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyze the state of lipid metabolism and the level of antioxidant components in the Buryat girls with exogenous constitutional obesity of the 1st degree. The authors examined 44 girls with exogenous constitutional obesity of the 1st degree and 48 practically healthy adolescent girls (comparison group) of the same age. All the girls belonged to the Buryat ethnic group. They used spectrophotometric and fluorometric research methods. The study revealed that exogenous constitutional obesity in adolescent girls is accompanied by the development of dyslipidemia (increased concentrations of total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, an increase in the atherogenic coefficient, a decreased level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol), as well as a deficiency of antioxidant defense components (decreased levels α-tocopherol, retinol, activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase). These results expand the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of adolescent obesity and develop individual approaches to the treatment of this condition.
Business environment of regions in Ukraine: Peculiarities of structural-institutional changes
Authors: Melnyk Mariana , Syniura-Rostun Nadia , Lysiak Nataliia , Dzyubina Andriy
Published: April 2021

The development and efficient functioning of entrepreneurship is the basis of a market economy, as well as the key to the country’s innovative socio-economic development and growing competitiveness on an international scale. The formation of a transparent and qualitative business climate is an incentive for the efficient entrepreneurship development. The paper is aimed at identifying structural-institutional transformations in the business environment and their impact on the development of small businesses. The analysis of socio-economic parameters of the business environment is based on the elasticity method and the system approach, which have been tested on the example of cities in the Western region of Ukraine. Outlining the features of setting up the business environment and its functioning has provided the grounds for detecting major problems hampering efficient business development. The comparative analysis has confirmed a close relationship between socio-economic transportation processes and conditions created for businesses. The evaluation of institutional environment has confirmed that cities striving to improve transparency in climate regulation and urban environment management achieve the growing investment activity and positive dynamics of small businesses development. The calculated elasticity coefficients prove that the growing investment activity positively impacts the number of small businesses and the volume of products sold by them. However, the expected growth in employment was not achieved due to the high level of shadow activity on the labor market and migration activity of the population.
A Produção Orgânica no Brasil sob a Ótica do Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Weber Josiane , Silva Tania Nunes da
Published: April 2021

Frente à temática socioambiental e o número crescente de consumidores preocupados com a qualidade dos alimentos, muitos países têm dedicado esforços em ações voltadas à produção orgânica para atendimento destas demandas. No Brasil várias políticas públicas foram implementadas para fomentar e regulamentar a produção orgânica e agroecológica. E, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o impacto do Política Nacional de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica – PNAPO na produção orgânica no país, bem como sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento sustentável e para a agricultura familiar. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar os avanços ocorridos nesta área, a partir da análise de dados do Censo Agropecuário dos anos de 2006 e 2017. Os resultados evidenciam que a PNAPO se propõe à atender as dimensões social, econômica e ambiental da sustentabilidade, com menor ênfase no pilar econômico. Contudo, a análise comparativa dos dados do Censo Agropecuário evidenciaram a redução do pessoal ocupado e do número de estabelecimentos, que atrelados ao aumento do uso de agrotóxicos, compactuam com estudos anteriores quanto aos desafios enfrentados pela agricultura familiar e as formas sustentáveis de produção. No entanto, é inegável a contribuição da política, pois mesmo frente às barreiras e pressões existentes, a produção orgânica apresentou crescimento ao longo do período.
Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ditinjau Dari Self-Efficacy
Authors: Purwanti Kristi Liani , Mujiasih Mujiasih
Published: April 2021

Abstrak Bahasa Indonesia: Literasi matematika sangat diperlukan oleh siswa agar ia mampu menggunakan matematika untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang dihadapinya di kehidupan nyata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan literasi matematika siswa kelas 5 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah ditinjau dari self efficacy dengan menerapkan discovery learning berorientasi HOTS. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen. Hasil uji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig.=0.000=00,05=5 %, artinya rata-rata kemampuan literasi matematika siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran discovery learning berorientasi HOTS ditinjau dari self-efficacy lebih baik dari siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran discovery learning. Peningkatan self-efficacy siswa sebelum dan setelah pembelajaran discovery learning berorientasi HOTS mempunyai rata-rata uji gain 0,639, artinya berada dalam kriteria sedang.Abstract in English: Mathematical literacy is needed by students so that they can use mathematics to solve problems they face in real life. This study aims to determine the mathematical literacy skills of 5th-grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah reviewed from self-efficacy by applying HOTS-oriented discovery learning. The research method used was experimental. The results of hypothesis testing in this study indicate that the value of sig. = 0.000 = 0 0.05 = 5%, it is that the average mathematical literacy ability of students who get HOTS-oriented discovery learning in terms of self-efficacy is better than students who get discovery learning. The increase in student self-efficacy before and after HOTS-oriented discovery learning has an average gain test of 0.639, it is in the medium criteria.