bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yield and yield components of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) selected by pedigree method in the lowlands, Bogor-Indonesia
Authors: Mawasid Fajar Prakoso , Syukur Muhamad , Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas , Wibisono Kunto
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Segregated populations can show the fluctuating performance of one generation to another. This can sometimes confuse plant breeders in interpreting the observed phenomena and determining the selection methods that need to be chosen. Objective. To analyze the performance and yield components of several tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) populations using the pedigree method in lowland environments, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Materials and methods. This study was conducted in December 2018–April 2019, at the Experimental Garden of Bogor Agricultural University, Tajur II (207 meters above sea level), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Four generations generated from 99D×Tora were used in the study, i.e. 200 plants of F2 generation and 100 plants of each of F3, F5, and F6 generations, respectively. Results. The results showed that the population variance in terms of yield and yield components and heritability were lower in the later generation compared with the earlier generation. Increase in the mean value was observed in F3 generation, but decreased in F5 and F6 generations in all observed characters. It could be caused by fixation as the result of the elimination of epistasis genes that played a role in the environmental stress. Conclusion. Pedigree selection at early generation was not suitable in the lowland. It is suggested to evaluate bulk or single seed descent methods, as those methods were able to maintain population variance up to later generations.
Mildiu de la quinua (Peronospora variabilis): Una revisión sobre respuesta y tratamiento de la enfermedad
Authors: Chávez-Centeno Víctor , Mancilla-Condor Juan Luis , Carbajal-Cuadros Leonor Neda
Published: January 2024

Introducción. El mildiu de la quinua es una enfermedad que ocasiona grandes pérdidas económicas y que ha sido poco estudiada, por lo que la investigación de la respuesta de la quinua a la enfermedad y las formas de tratamiento es un tema que debe investigarse con mayor profundidad. Objetivo. Describir cómo afecta la infección del mildiu velloso en la planta de la quinua y los métodos no tradicionales empleados en el control de esta enfermedad. Desarrollo. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática a fin de realizar una recopilación de los resultados asociados al P. variabilis en la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Wild.) en diversas condiciones. El análisis determinó que factores como la incidencia, la severidad y la tolerancia a la enfermedad del mildiu, dependieron en gran medida de la variedad de grano de quinua y la altitud (con sus condiciones climáticas). La altura de la planta y el rendimiento por hectárea estuvieron influenciados por las condiciones del suelo, el tratamiento empleado contra plagas y patógenos, y el día de siembra. Conclusiones. La incidencia y la severidad del mildiu velloso dependió de la variedad de la quinua con la que se trabajó. Otros factores como la altitud o la humedad también influyeron en el progreso de la enfermedad, causando una infección cercana al 90 % en ambientes con alta humedad. Los métodos no convencionales para tratar el mildiu fueron infusiones de plantas como la manzanilla y el ajo, con resultados positivos a corto plazo; no obstante, no superaron a los tratamientos convencionales con fungicidas químicos.
Efecto de omisión de macronutrientes sobre absorción de cadmio en plántulas de arroz
Authors: Carrillo Zenteno Manuel Danilo , Valarezo Juan Xavier , Peña Salazar Karina , Durango Wuellins , García-Orellana Yelitza
Published: January 2024

Introducción. Las condiciones edafoclimáticas del Ecuador son ideales para el cultivo del arroz, los rendimientos son mayores al promedio mundial, pero su manejo agronómico conlleva a un aumento de cadmio en el suelo, que puede llegar al grano por translocación, lo cual afectan su inocuidad. Objetivo. Evaluar la absorción de cadmio mediante la técnica la omisión de macronutrientes en seis suelos del Ecuador y su efecto sobre el desarrollo vegetativo del cultivo de arroz. Materiales y métodos. El ensayo se realizó en la Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Ecuador, durante el año 2018. Se estudiaron nueve tratamientos 1) Sin fertilización y sin Cd (testigo 1), 2) sin fertilización y con Cd (Testigo 2), 3) Fertilización completa y seis tratamientos de omisión de un nutriente a la vez, se usó un diseño de experimentos de bloques completamente al azar, parcelas divididas y tres repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron las relacionadas a la producción de materia seca en raíz y parte aérea. Para la comparación entre medias, se utilizó la prueba de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados. Las omisiones de los nutrientes (N y P) llevaron a la reducción de la absorción del Cd, que disminuyó la producción de materia seca, en particular en los suelos muy ácidos o alcalinos como en Sucumbíos (pH 4) y Guayas (pH 7,9), respectivamente. Conclusiones. La absorción de cadmio en plantas de arroz se redujo en mayor medida con la omisión de los macronutrientes N y P, principalmente en los suelos de Sucumbíos, Los Ríos, El Oro y Manabí, afectando también la técnica de omision de nutrientes a la producción de materia seca y los rendimientos, observándose además que un pH por debajo de 5 o superior a 7,9 afecta la absorción de cadmio en los suelos estudiados
Evaluación y estimación de curvas de calibración de dispositivos para medir humedad de suelo
Authors: Gonzalez de León Aquileo Daniel , Sandoval Mejía Luis Alberto , Arévalo-Valderrama Gloria Elizabeth , Gómez Oriana Michelle , Caro Brian Stiven
Published: January 2024

Introducción. Las medidas de adaptación al cambio climático requieren de la toma de decisiones informadas. Sin embargo, la agricultura de pequeña escala muestra bajas tasas de adopción de tecnologías por su costo y falta de conectividad. Objetivo. Evaluar tres prototipos de dispositivos para agricultura de pequeña escala y de bajo costo para medir humedad de suelo en diferentes texturas, determinar las respectivas ecuaciones de calibración y los efectos de conductividad eléctrica y temperatura en la medida de humedad. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron tres prototipos de dispositivos de medición y registro de humedad de suelo, en suelos con diferencial en contenido de arcilla/arena y conductividad eléctrica en parcelas productivas de la Universidad Zamorano, en Honduras; y Finca demostrativa en Popayán, Colombia, durante el primer trimestre de 2022. Se tomaron como referencia sensores comerciales para la comparación del desempeño de los prototipos, mediante análisis de regresión de las lecturas por hora de los sensores durante 90 días. Se recolectaron las variables de conductividad eléctrica (dS/m) y temperatura para determinar la influencia en la precisión de la lectura de humedad. Resultados. Los dispositivos de medición y registro de humedad presentaron un mejor desempeño en suelos con menor contenido de arena. La medición de los dispositivos sobrestimó entre 0,19 y 0,52 puntos porcentuales la lectura de humedad por cada grado adicional de temperatura del suelo, y que por cada dS/m adicional de conductividad eléctrica la lectura se debe ajustar entre 8 y 55 puntos porcentuales. Conclusiones. El prototipo A fue el dispositivo más exacto, mientras que el prototipo B fue el más preciso, con respecto a los sensores comerciales. Los dispositivos de humedad presentaron un mejor desempeño en suelos con menor contenido de arena. Los tres modelos evaluados obtuvieron el mejor desempeño en suelo franco con contenido medio de arcilla.
Fermentation of Trichoderma for biological control using local inputs in Costa Rica
Authors: Becker Patrick , Esker Paul , Umaña Rojas Gerardina
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Supply chain issues have driven up raw material costs and reduced the availability of materials for producing biological control agents. These delays in application could result in increased disease pressure and reduced farm yields. Objective. To determine the effect of different amounts of starch and the use of local ingredients for small and commercial-scale fermentation processes for Trichoderma harzianum. Materials and methods. All trials took place in San José, Costa Rica, between 2016 and 2018. Flask trials were executed to investigate the potential reduction or elimination of starch in commercial fermentation media. Additionally, fermentation vessel trials were conducted to assess the effectiveness of an alternative local medium, encompassing three treatments: 1) Commercial medium as a control, 2) 10% molasses medium, and 3) 10% molasses mediaum with 0.5% yeast extract. Viable spore counts were performed to determine colony forming units (CFU/mL). Results. Reducing starch to 10% of the original medium had no impact on CFU/mL. However, the absence of starch led to uneven growth during fermentation, resulting in solid mycelium accumulations. Molasses medium yielded roughly half the CFU/mL compared to the commercial medium, but it still exceeded the 107 CFU/mL threshold commonly used in studies for biological plant pathogen control. Results from a commercial-scale fermenter mirrored those from pilot-scale fermentation. Conclusion. While reducing starch content in the commercial medium didn't affect growth, the absence of starch caused solid mycelium accumulations, potentially posing issues in commercial production. Employing locally sourced molasses medium on a commercial scale appears feasible while maintaining a viable spore count meeting the minimum field-use specifications. Overall, these findings support the use of these media for Trichoderma production in biological control applications.
Reseña de libro: Herrero, Montserrat. Theopolitical Figures. Scripture, Prophecy, Oath, Charisma, Hospitality. Edinburgh University Press, Edimburgo, 2023, 290 pp.
Authors: Muller Felipe
Published: January 2024

Book Review
Iterative Tuning of Tree-Ensemble-Based Models' parameters Using Bayesian Optimization for Breast Cancer Prediction
Authors: Alsabry Ayman , Algabri Malek
Published: January 2024

The study presents a method for iterative parameter tuning of tree ensemble-based models using Bayesian hyperparameter tuning for states prediction, using breast cancer as an example. The proposed method utilizes three different datasets, including the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) breast cancer dataset, and the Breast Cancer Coimbra dataset (BCCD), and implements tree ensemble-based models, specifically AdaBoost, Gentle-Boost, LogitBoost, Bag, and RUSBoost, for breast cancer prediction. Bayesian optimization was used to tune the hyperparameters of the models iteratively, and the performance of the models was evaluated using several metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. Our results show that the proposed method significantly improves the performance of tree ensemble-based models, resulting in higher accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. Compared to other state-of-the-art models, the proposed method is more efficient. It achieved perfect scores of 100% for Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score on the WDBC dataset. On the SEER BC dataset, the method achieved an accuracy of 95.9%, a precision of 97.6%, a recall of 94.2%, and an F1-Score of 95.9%. For the BCCD dataset, the method achieved an accuracy of 94.7%, a precision of 90%, a recall of 100%, and an F1-Score of 94.7%. The outcomes of this study have important implications for medical professionals, as early detection of breast cancer can significantly increase the chances of survival. Overall, this study provides a valuable contribution to the field of breast cancer prediction using machine learning.
Generalized product-type operators between Bloch-type spaces
Authors: Nasresfahani Sepideh , Abbasi Ebrahim
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we consider generalized product type operators $D^n uC_\phi$ and $T^n_{u_1,u_2,\phi}$. Then we provide several characterizations, as equivalent statements, for the boundedness and compactness of these operators between Bloch type spaces $\mathcal{B}_\alpha(\mathbb{U})$, for all $0<\alpha<\infty$.
Deferred statistical order convergence in Riesz spaces
Authors: Küçükaslan Mehmet , Aydın Abdullah
Published: January 2024

In recent years, researchers have focused on exploring different forms of statistical convergence in Riesz spaces, such as statistical order convergence and statistical unbounded order convergence. This study aims to present the concept of deferred statistical convergence within Riesz spaces, specifically concerning its relationship with order convergence. Furthermore, we delve into the interconnections between deferred statistical order convergence and various other types of statistical convergence. Moreover, we explore in depth the intricate connections between deferred statistical order convergence and other notable forms of statistical convergence. We provide valuable insights into the broader framework of statistical convergence theory in Riesz spaces.
Inner-gMP and gMP-inner inverses
Authors: Stojanovic Dunja , Mosic Dijana
Published: January 2024

Solving some systems of operator equations, new kinds of generalized inverses are introduced. Since these new inverses can be expressed by inner and gMP inverses, they are called inner-gMP and gMP-inner inverses. In this way, the concepts of gMP, 1MP and MP1 inverses are generalized. Various representations and characterizations of inner-gMP and gMP-inner inverses are presented. Using the inner and *gMP inverse, we define the inner-*gMP and *gMP-inner inverses which are new extensions of 1MP, MP1 and *gMP inverses. We apply inner-gMP and gMP-inner inverses as well as inner-*gMP and *gMP-inner inverses to solve several kinds of linear equations. Consequently, we obtain solvability of the normal equation which is connected to the least-squares solution. Numerical examples are given to illustrate our results.
Correlação entre casos de covid19 e a opção eleitoral dos municípios na eleição presidencial no segundo turno em 2022
Authors: Lundgren Wellington Jorge Cavalcanti , Magalhães Jurandy Júnior Ferraz de
Published: January 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar se os municípios que votaram majoritariamente em Bolsonaro tiveram mais casos de COVID19 do que os que votaram majoritariamente em Lula. Foram coletados os dados oficiais para cada município brasileiro sobre o percentual de votos em Lula (%Lula) e de Bolsonaro (%Bolsonaro) na eleição de segundo turno de 2022. O número de casos totais de COVID19 (N.casos) e de mortes (Mortes) até o final do ano de 2022 e os dados do total da população (Pop) nos sites do IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), TSE (Tribunal Superior Eleitoral) e MS (Ministério da Saúde). Foi verificada a existência de correlação negativa e moderada (-53%) entre (%Lula) x (N.casos/Pop), positiva e fraca (5%) entre (%Lula) x (Mortes/N.casos) e negativa e moderada (-50%) entre (%Lula) x (Mortes/Pop), para (%Bolsonaro) os valores foram os mesmos com os sinais contrários. Duas populações diferentes foram comparadas, Lula = municípios em que o (%Lula) > 0,55 dos votos e Bolsonaro = municípios em que o (%Bolsonaro) > 0,55 dos votos. Foram verificados 3 índices, (N.casos/Pop), (Mortes/N.casos) e (Mortes/Pop). Ao nível de 99% foi descartada a hipótese de igualdade entre as médias. Para (%Lula) e (%Bolsonaro) respectivamente: Para (N.casos/Pop) = (0,98; 1,74); (mortes/pop) = (0,14; 0,24); (Mortes/N.casos) = (0,017; 0,016).
Finite Element Analysis: Connector Designs and Pontic Stress Distribution of Fixed Partial Denture Implant-Supported Metal Framework
Authors: Muhsin Saja Ali , Mohammed Enas Kareem , Bander Khalid
Published: January 2024

This virtual study was designed to evaluate the stress-deformation of a metal fixed partial dentures (FPDs) pontic under different loads using two different connectors. The STL file was generated for a RPD of two implant-supported restorations. The Co-Cr metal substructure was designed with two types of connector design. The pontic is connected to implant-supported crowns with square and round shape connectors. This study was designed for a cementless-retained implant-supported FPD. Finite element modeling (FEM) is used to assess the stress and deformation of the pontic within a metal substructure as the FEM might provide virtual values that could have laboratory and clinical relevance. The Co-Cr alloy mechanical properties like the Poisson ratio and modulus of elasticity were based on the parameters of the three-dimensional structure additive method. Nonparametric analyses (Mann-Whitney U test) was used. The use of square or round connectors often resulted in non-significant changes in stress, and deformation under either three or each loaded point on the occlusal surface of a pontic (P > 0.05). However, the deformation revealed distinct variations between loads of the three points compared to each loaded point (P ≤ 0.05). According to this study data, the pontic occlusal surface appears to be the same in stress and deformation under different loads depending on whether square or round connectors are used. While at the same connector designs, the pontic occlusal surface deformed significantly at three loaded points than it did at each point.
Influence of roots on the hydro-mechanical performance of a drainage geocomposite
Authors: Amato A. , Cafaro F. , Cazzuffi D. , Recalcati P.
Published: January 2024

Geosynthetics are increasingly used in geotechnical works in association with vegetation, whose function has been typically considered as an improvement for the works themselves, especially due to the mechanical and hydraulic effects the root system provides. Within this context, the paper presents an experimental study performed to evaluate the long-term performance of geosynthetics, specifically drainage geocomposites, exposed to the influence of roots. Two species of plant were selected for their fast-growing and pervasive roots, Vetiver and Bamboo, and planted in a thin layer of growing medium, which buried the geosynthetic specimens. After a period of plant growth, the specimens affected by roots (‘rooted specimens’) were exhumed, and submitted to tensile and drainage capacity laboratory tests, to determine their mechanical and hydraulic behaviour. The laboratory test results were compared with those obtained on virgin specimens of drainage geocomposite, under undisturbed conditions (‘reference specimens’). The results show a decrease in drainage capacity for rooted specimens, more pronounced in the case of the highest density of roots into the drainage core. Concerning the tensile behaviour, no significant variations emerged in rooted specimens, although a slight increase in tensile strength, together with a modest decrease in elongation at maximum load, could be observed.
Behavior of back-to-back mechanically stabilized earth walls as railway embankments
Authors: Yazdandoust M. , Daftari F.
Published: January 2024

Twelve physical model tests were carried out to investigate the role of the type and arrangement of reinforcements on the behavior of back-to-back mechanically stabilized earth walls (BBMSEWs) supporting railway tracks. Six metal-strip reinforced BBMSEW models and six geogrid reinforced models were prepared with different reinforcement arrangements and then were vertically loaded to failure using wooden railway sleepers. The findings indicated that the reinforcement stiffness played a more prominent role in improving the bearing capacity than the pull-out capacity. The connection of two opposing walls with continuous reinforcements and the complete separation of them from each other were found to be the best and worst reinforcement arrangements, respectively, for improving the bearing capacity and reducing wall deformation in BBMSEWs. The respective use of these two arrangements mobilized the maximum and minimum forces in the reinforcements. Moreover, the creation of a proper connection between the opposing walls using continuous inextensible reinforcements or those with a sufficient overlap length were found to be efficient solutions to preventing the propagation of a failure plane across the back-to-back MSE walls.
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Characterization of Acacia nilotica and Hibiscus sabdariffa
Authors: Sara BA Abdaldafi , Esraa MA Ahamed , Azza HA lsbaih , Howida D Abaas , Manal Ismaiel , Zhang Jibin , Osama A Omer
Published: January 2024

Antibiotic abuse has caused the emergence of an alarming number of resistant pathogens. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel agents. Most of the Sudanese people in rural areas rely on traditional medicine for the treatment of many infectious diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial antioxidant activities and phytochemical contents of Hibiscus sabdariffa fruits and Acacia nilotica pods. Antimicrobial assays of the ethanolic extracts of both plants showed that they exhibit diverse inhibitory activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, and three Gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli, and one fungi Candida albicans, with the zone of inhibition ranging from 16 to 20 mm in length. The antioxidant activity of A. nilotica was about 91 %; it was highly significant compared with the standard (Propyl gallate) which gave (94%). While the extract of H. sabdariffa showed weak antioxidant activity. Phytochemical screening of A. nilotica indicates the presence of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes, and saponins, while alkaloids were absent. The extract H. sabdariffa was rich in phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids, but no tannins, triterpenes, or saponins were detected. These findings provide scientific evidence to support the traditional medicinal uses of these extracts and indicate the promising potential of these plants for medicinal purposes.
Protocols from Kilfeather, Khoo et al., 2024 v1
Authors: Kilfeather Peter
Published: January 2024

This protocol collection includes immunohisto/chemical staining methods, DAT-TRAP methods and the protocol for the Fura-2 assay in Kilfeather, Khoo et al., 2024.
Microbiome DNA Enrichment for Fecal -seq using the the NEBNext Microbiome DNA Enrichment Kit manual (New England Biolabs cat. #E2612S) v1
Authors: not provided jbonnevie
Published: January 2024

This protocol is taken from the Scientific Report "Methylation-based enrichment facilitates low-cost, noninvasive genomic scale sequencing of populations from feces" Chiou, K.L., Bergey, C.M. Methylation-based enrichment facilitates low-cost, noninvasive genomic scale sequencing of populations from feces. Sci Rep 8, 1975 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20427-9 Portions of this protocol are modified from the NEBNext Microbiome DNA Enrichment Kit manual (New England Biolabs cat. #E2612S) Portions of Auxiliary Protocol A (Step 35) are modified from Pacific Biosciences protocol #001-252-177-03. This full protocol and other supplementary information can be found here: https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-018-20427-9/MediaObjects/41598_2018_20427_MOESM1_ESM.pdf
Reassessing "Serumpun" Concept in Malaysia-Indonesia Relations
Authors:   Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Harun Ruhanas
Published: January 2024

New dynamics have emerged to influence contemporary Malaysia-Indonesia relations, which at times created less harmonious relations between them. Both domestic and external regional developments are challenges affecting their relationship that had been built on the concept of “serumpun” or kinship. Today, this concept and its relevance in their bilateral relations are less understood. This article discusses the relevancy and challenges of kinship as the basis of Malaysia-Indonesia relations.
Mathematical Model of Impact Projectile Flight Dynamics as an Element of its Digital Twin
Authors: Popov A. M. , Muzhichek S. M. , Korzun M. A. , Maslova L. A. , Savenko A. K. , Khrulin S. V. , Skrynnikov A. A.
Published: January 2024

This paper gives the analysis of the structure and characteristics of the mathematical model of the impact projectile’s flight dynamics. The model is designed for being used as an element of the projectile’s digital twin. The model is based on differential motion equations of a gyro-stabilized solid with an axisymmetric mass distribution. Different types of angle variables were chosen for describing aerodynamics and formulating equations of motion. Non-linear (considering the nutation angle) dependences for aerodynamic coefficients are proposed. They are created by applying proven scientific concepts and research methods in aerodynamics of axisymmetric body and by comparing with known numerical and experimental results obtained in exterior ballistics of gyro-stabilized aviation and artillery projectiles. Special aspects of initial conditions for angles and angular velocity were also studied. Since the impact projectile is considered as an axially symmetric body, its self-rotation angle is not of practical inte rest. Using algebraic manipulations, the differential equation for this angle was eliminated from the set of equations. This has made it possible to significantly reduce stiff of the remaining system of differential equations. The Dormand-Prince method is recommended as a method of numerical integration. The method of the eight-order (with seventh-order uncertainty estimate) allows getting the high accurate solution of the differential equations set under relatively small computing costs. The model allows computing the projectile trajectory under various initial conditions, including the flight with high nutation angles up to 87°—89°. As a result, there is a possibility to determine the nature of the interaction between impact projectiles and typical targets (ricochet, surface effect, after-penetration effect) within a wide range of approach angles to the target’s surface (skin) unattainable during the full-scale tests. The possibility of solving similar problems allows to recommend the designed model as an element of the impact projectile’s digital twin intended for testing its exterior ballistics on the digital (virtual) test range. All testing calculations and final modeling were made by using the "GNU Octave" computational software package.
Strategies for Engaging and Outreaching NEETs in Italy: Insights From Active Labour Policies
Authors: Ellena Adriano Mauro , Marzana Daniela , Pozzi Maura
Published: January 2024

Outreaching and engaging young people who are not in education, employment, or training (i.e., NEETs) represents a significant challenge for public policies. They often belong to marginalized and disadvantaged categories and find themselves isolated with low levels of trust in the future, in their capacities of finding a job, and, above all, in institutions. Much research has emphasized how insufficient and unsuitable the strategies used so far have proved to be. However, there is a lack of clear mapping in the literature of what approaches have been suggested and addressed by the different guidelines. This study explores the strategies that a specific active labour policy uses to intercept and engage vulnerable youth and NEETs. This research employed a qualitative methodology that centres on the examination of official documents of the regional plans for the guaranteed employability of workers (Garanzia di Occupabilità dei Lavoratori). To conduct the analysis, the MAXQDA software package was utilized, and a content document analysis was implemented. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: capillarity of services, digitalization, and communication, each with its respective sub-themes. These themes provide valuable insights into the current strategies employed to engage vulnerable NEET youth, as well as other demographic categories, highlighting the potential strengths and weaknesses of these policies. The study holds the potential to contribute significantly to the development of more targeted and sustainable public policies, aiming to address the challenges faced by vulnerable NEET youth in Italy.
The Educated Christian: Erasmus’s Perspective of the Renaissance Man
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Moral Education, Yun Heui Rim
Published: January 2024

This study is to understand Erasmus’s view on free will and liberal education from the perspective of the Renaissance man.
In Erasmus’s view on free will, human being’s soul consists of both reason and free will which are considered to be inseparable and necessarily connected to each other, and free will could be cultivated in the process of improving reason through education. Erasmus accepts the concept of free choice which plays a role in arbitrarily choosing good or evil. Furthermore, he insists that the free choice is born from free will and reason. In his view, free will and reason exist as a form or a principle of the free choice. In other words, Erasmus presupposes the metaphysical dualism of the free choice and the free will. However, free will and reason corrupted by the Fall are not destroyed but restored through education.
From the standpoint of education at the present time, Erasmus’s educational theory shows that there exists a intimate the relation between knowledge and morality. More specifically, he tries to reconcile Hellenism with Hebraism and demonstrate that there exists a necessary connection between reason and free will.
Critical Ethics of Care and Moral Education
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Moral Education, Ko Mi-Suk
Published: January 2024

In this article, I examined what is the critical ethics of care and what is the necessity of it, and how we can do the education of critical ethics of care to solve the problems of existing ethics of caring and education of caring. Early care ethics mainly have been emphasized the care relation of private, intimate domain like the care relation of mother-child in home as ideal relation and caring of others. But we have been experienced the equalization and globalization of care in the contemporary period, therefore, we need beyond the existing ethics of caring and education of caring instead of the role assignment of care for women. Critical ethics of care understands care in the political, social, public, collective and global dimension as well as moral dimension. Critical ethics of care analyzes the care relation of oppression and exploitation through critical reflection and pursues the combination of care and justice, just caring, equalization and democratization of care. I dealt with key characteristics of critical ethics of care and the moral educational direction of critical ethics of care.
Moral Education and Happiness in the View of Educational Ethics
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Moral Education, Han Chan Hee
Published: January 2024

Ethics, to be genuinely meaningful, must thoroughly elucidate the intricate relationship between knowledge, virtue, and happiness. Educational ethics represents the perspective that this relationship can be justly addressed within a life dedicated to the pursuit of schola, or in simpler terms, a life devoted to education. An ethics that assumes virtue can be determined independently of, or prior to, the practice of moral education, a so-called philosophical ethics, leaves room for an understanding of the relationship between practice and virtue as a means―end relationship, and further imposes on life and education the covert but insistent demand that the realization of ends requires heroic effort. In philosophical ethics, happiness is a question that is always left unanswered. On the other hand, modern virtue ethics rejects the foundation assumed by philosophical ethics, thereby diminishing the significance of happiness to the level of ease and comfort that can be enjoyed in a life without that foundation. If so, the topic of happiness can be a good starting point for exploring the possibility of a genuine ethics that contrasts with philosophical ethics but does not deny the metaphysical foundation. According to Thomas Aquinas, the acquisition of virtue is not something that can be guaranteed by heroic efforts against nature. The highest virtue lies not in the human determination to ‘regulate’ nature, but in the divine determination to ‘let’ nature be the master. The life of teaching and learning knowledge is a journey into a life where nature is master.
Simulation of the Life Outstanding Scientific Mathematics Born in the 20th Century in the USSR and in the Countries of the World
Authors: Gerasimenko P.V. , Khodakovsky V.A.
Published: January 2024

Mathematical modeling was carried out and a comparative assessment of the life expectancy of famous mathematicians born in the 20th century in the USSR and the countries of the world. It was taken into account that their active life lasted only during the existence of the USSR. For modeling, a sample of statistical data has been formed, on the basis of which the frequency tables and the distribution of the probability of death of scientists-mathematicians born and worked in the USSR and in the countries of the world are built. Modeling was carried out using polynomial functions with the “regression” tool of the Excel PPP. A comparison of the distribution of the probability of the death of famous scientists-mathematicians of the USSR and mathematician scientists who lived in different countries of the world during the existence of the USSR was carried out.
The Effect Of Entrepreneurial Competency And Social Media Marketing On Competitive Advantage In The Coffe Shop In Bandung City
Authors: Samoedra Artarina D. A.
Published: January 2024

The coffee shop business is a business that has good prospects in the future. Now business people only need to innovate a unique coffee shop concept to attract consumers to compete in this business. This business growth competition is also supported by a variety of coffee shop offerings that are increasingly diverse. In wading through existing competition, a coffee shop must have advantages that are different from other coffee shops. In this study, the number of samples was 100 respondents, and the research design used was descriptive and verification, while the research method used multiple regression. The results showed that entrepreneurial competence influenced competitive advantage by 31.3% and social media marketing had an effect of 42.2%, while the rest was influenced by other variables not examined.
Innovative technologies in the development of high-speed ground transport
Authors: Kazanskaya Liliya F. , Batalova Natalia V.
Published: January 2024

Aim: is a comparative analysis of the technical and economic characteristics of various types of land rail transport.
Methods: comparative analysis, structuring of high-speed traffic processes, logical analysis of the cause-and-effect organization of the high-speed highways, made it possible to formalize the technical advantages of maglev transport technology in comparison with the construction of high-speed highways.
Results: A key trend has been identified to increase traffic speeds, requiring the convergence of various transport systems. The main criteria for innovative high-speed ground transport systems are classified. It is substantiated that increasing the level of technical characteristics of innovative technologies in the development of high-speed ground transport will allow maglev transport to become a key link in multimodal transport corridors. A comparison of the technical and economic characteristics of various types of land railway transport confirms that the introduction of MLTT into the transport complex will be able to significantly influence the matrix of the transport industry and accumulate both the passenger flow of air and rail traffic, as well as part of the containerized cargo, and become a key link in the multimodal transport corridors of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion: The conclusions are based on a representative sample of data on the innovative, technological and economic parameters of two high-speed rail construction technologies: wheel-rail and magnetic levitation.
Improvement of the calculation of ice crossings
Authors: Tryapitsyn Yuri V. , Tryapkin Dmitry A.
Published: January 2024

Background: In winter, ice crossings open in the north of the Far Eastern region. In most cases, they are organized due to the lack of capital bridges. Ice crossings are used to deliver goods and passengers to remote settlements where the road network is poorly developed and the navigation period is limited, because to get to settlements it is necessary to cross reservoirs. Ice crossings remain the only way to connect such settlements with cities with a large population. The most reliable way to increase the load-bearing capacity is to freeze the floating bridge of the articulated circuit into the ice cover. The advantage of such crossings is low sensitivity to climatic conditions and the nature of the water flow, small rolls and sediment. Currently, these crossings are used at cross-border crossings of the Far East, but there are no calculation methods.
Aim: Development of a methodology that would improve the calculation of ice crossings, taking into account the reinforcement in the form of metal pontoon structures consisting of articulated ferries on two supports.
Materials and Methods: The article provides a calculation model. Design scheme: a metal structure frozen in ice lying on water is a rigid stamp on a plate lying on the elastic base of the crossing. To confirm the accepted calculation model, an experiment of a real crossing in the form of static tests was carried out.
Results: The article presents the results of determining the crossing deflections according to the accepted calculation model and after the experiment. The carrying capacity of the reinforced ferry was also calculated by months.
Conclusion: This study will help to carry out calculations of combined crossings for a significant increase in load-bearing capacity.
Potensi ikan bleberan (Thryssa sp.) sebagai sumber zat gizi balita tengkes
Authors: Mahyuddin Meriwati , Witradharma Tetes Wahyu , Risdianto Eko
Published: January 2024

Permasalahan gangguan pertumbuhan balita secara langsung dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya asupan gizi dan adanya penyakit infeksi. Protein sebagai salah satu asupan penting sangat diperlukan dalam pertumbuhan balita. Indonesia merupakan negara maritim, kaya hasil laut, tetapi pemanfaatannya belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali potensi ikan lokal di Provinsi Bengkulu sebagai solusi sumber protein bagi balita stunting. Pada umumnya ikan hanya digoreng atau dimasak santan dalam keluarga, sehingga balita tidak pernah diberikan, hal ini mempertimbangkan duri ikan yang dapat membahayakan sistem pencernaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengetahui kebiasaan ibu balita memanfaatkan ikan yang ada di sekitar tempat tinggal. Setelah diperoleh gambaran jenis ikan lokal yang mudah diakses yaitu Thryssa sp., dilanjutkan analisis zat gizi secara laboratorium. Kandungan protein dan zat besi hanya dapat dipenuhi oleh makanan mahal ternyata tidak selalu benar. Setiap 100 g ikan Thryssa sp. giling mengandung energi 153 kkal, protein 18,75 g, lemak 1,13 g, karbohidrat 0,19 g, dan Fe 1,71 mg.
Isolasi heparin dari jeroan ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.)
Authors: Hardiningtyas Safrina Dyah , Kartika Hanin Bela , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: January 2024

Ikan tuna merupakan komoditas penting Indonesia dengan nilai produksi yang meningkat setiap tahun. Pengolahan ikan tuna menghasilkan limbah 50-70%. Jeroan merupakan limbah yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menghasilkan biomaterial baru, contohnya heparin. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan komponen heparin dari beberapa bagian jeroan ikan tuna, yaitu hati, lambung, usus dan sekum pilorus. Ekstraksi heparin dilakukan dengan metode enzimatis menggunakan enzim papain. Ekstrak kasar heparin dipurifikasi lebih lanjut dengan fraksinasi aseton. Gugus fungsi heparin murni dianalisis menggunakan FTIR spektrofotometer dan kandungan heparin ditentukan menggunakan sulfate GAG assay. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usus dan sekum pilorus menghasilkan rendemen ekstrak sebesar 0,66±0,06% dengan kandungan heparin 43%. Heparin murni dari jeroan ikan tuna memiliki gugus fungsi penciri senyawa heparin, yaitu karboksil, asetil, hidroksil, siklus ester, dan atom N tersulfasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jeroan ikan tuna dapat menjadi alternatif sumber heparin.
Optimasi formula nori like product dari Ulva spp., Gracilaria sp. dan gliserol menggunakan metode mixture design
Authors: Sihono Sihono , Sinurat Ellya , Fateha Fateha , Supriyanto Agus , Suryaningrum Theresia Dwi , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Fransiska Dina , Utomo Bagus Sediadi Bandol , Subaryono Subaryono , Sedayu Bakti Berlyanto , Waryanto Waryanto , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Ramadhan Wahyu , Fadillah Hafidz Maulana , Muzayyanah Alief Laily
Published: January 2024

Nori merupakan produk olahan rumput laut Phorphyra spp. yang berbentuk lembaran kering dan memiliki cita rasa khas. Nori kaya akan protein dan disukai konsumen. Tingkat konsumsi nori di Indonesia yang tinggi berdampak pada nilai impor nori yang meningkat tiap tahunnya. Rumput laut Phorphyra spp. sebagai bahan baku nori hanya tumbuh di perairan sub tropis. Pengembangan nori dari rumput laut lokal Indonesia perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan produk impor dan meningkatkan nilai tambah rumput laut local. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan formula terbaik nori like product dari Ulva spp, Gracilaria sp., dan gliserol menggunakan metode mixture design berdasarkan mutu fisik dan sensori. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 4 tahap, yaitu pembuatan rancangan formulasi nori dengan Design Expert 13® dan penentuan respon, pembuatan nori, analisis respon yang ditentukan, dan optimasi formula yang direkomendasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada respon sifat fisik, komposisi Ulva spp, Gracilaria sp., dan gliserol serta interaksi antar komponen tidak memengaruhi nilai ketebalan nori, namun secara signifikan memengaruhi nilai kuat tarik dan pemanjangan. Hasil respon terhadap nilai sensori, komposisi Ulva spp, Gracilaria sp., dan gliserol serta interaksi antar komponen tidak memengaruhi nilai warna, kenampakan, dan aroma, namun secara signifikan memengaruhi nilai tekstur dan rasa. Komposisi Ulva spp, Gracilaria sp., dan gliserol serta interaksi antar komponen tidak memengaruhi nilai warna kecerahan (L*), namun secara signifikan memengaruhi nilai redness (a*) dan yellowness (b*). Formula nori like product terbaik adalah Ulva spp 26,9%, Gracilaria sp. 4,9%, dan gliserol 2,2%.
Improvements to the Third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast ETAS Model (UCERF3-ETAS)
Authors: Field Edward H. , Milner Kevin R. , Page Morgan T. , Savran William H. , van der Elst Nicholas
Published: January 2024

We describe recent improvements to the Third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast ETAS Model (UCERF3-ETAS), which continues to represent our most advanced and complete earthquake forecast in terms of relaxing segmentation assumptions and representing multifault ruptures, elastic-rebound effects, and spatiotemporal clustering (the latter to represent aftershocks and otherwise triggered events). The two main improvements include adding aleatory variability in aftershock productivity and the option to represent off-fault events with finite-rupture surfaces. We also summarize the studies that led to these modifications, and reflect on how past and future uses of the model can improve our understanding of earthquake processes and the hazards and risks they pose.
Shallow Megathrust Rupture during the 10 February 2021 Mw 7.7 Southeast Loyalty Islands Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Ye Lingling , Gong Wenzheng , Lay Thorne , Kanamori Hiroo , Chen Xiaofei
Published: January 2024

On 10 February 2021, an Mw 7.7 thrust earthquake ruptured the megathrust along the southeast Loyalty Islands within the strong bend in the plate boundary between the Australian plate and the North Fiji basin. The mainshock involved rupture with ∼50 s duration, with pure thrust slip concentrated in an east–west-trending slip patch with up to 4.2 m of slip extending from 10 to 25 km depth. Slip at depths <10 km is negligible on the curved fault surface, which conforms to the SLAB2 interface model. Static stress-drop estimates are ∼5.5 MPa, and the radiated energy is 2.38×1015  J, with the moment-scaled value of 5.7×10−6. The relatively shallow rupture from 10 to 25 km was moderately efficient in generating tsunami, with waves amplitudes up to 20 cm recorded in New Caledonia, New Zealand, Kermadec, and Fiji. Numerous M5+ normal-faulting aftershocks occur south of the trench, indicating effective stress change transfer from the megathrust to the bending flange of the Australian plate that is negotiating the bend in the trench. Highly productive sequences involving paired thrust and normal faulting have repeatedly occurred westward along the northwest-trending portion of the Loyalty Islands region, also indicating unusually efficient stress communication.
Administrative Leadership and Teacher Morale During a time of Crisis
Authors:   , Nardiello Jarrad , Rasmussen Harriette
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the connection between administrative leadership and teacher morale during times of crises. A crisis is defined as, "a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger." (Oxford Languages, n.d.), one example being the COVID-19 pandemic. The study utilized a phenomenological design to identify how administrative leadership impacts morale in both positive and negative ways. These factors may be influential when creating the best possible work environment, particularly as the world becomes more complex and the likelihood of crises continues. The research questions that guided this study are, How does a school administrator's approach to crisis leadership impact teacher morale? a. How did teachers in a small suburban school district experience a school administrator's influence on their overall morale during the COVID-19 pandemic? b. How do school administrators in a small suburban school district describe their approach to crisis management during the COVID-19 pandemic? This research sought to provide a better understanding of the relationship between administrative leadership and teacher morale to positively influence teacher morale during a crisis.
Pilot testing the Youth Engaging Transition (YET)
Authors:   , Terhune Hilary D. , Chiarello Lisa A
Published: January 2024

Aim: This study aimed to investigate youths', parents', and school physical therapists' (PTs), perspectives of the Youth Engaging Transition (YET)'s feasibility, acceptability, and relevance. Methods: With adult support, nine youth completed the YET, then each triad member provided feedback about their experience (n=27). Results: Adults agreed that the YET's Section 1 (S1) and S2 were feasible. Three triads questioned the youth's understanding of the YET. Parents agreed that the YET's S1 and S2 were acceptable. Three school PTs disagreed that S2 was an appropriate scope/depth. Five triads questioned the YET's length and repetitiveness. More youth perceived the S2 of the YET as acceptable than feasible. School PTs and youth reported that the YET was relevant. Perhaps due to transition planning experience, some parents did not learn new information by completing the YET. Parents' and school PTs' ratings were aligned suggesting a common experience with the YET interview. Conclusions: Results of this pilot study suggest that the YET has promise as a feasible, acceptable, and relevant transition planning instrument. Larger studies investigating the validity and reliability of the YET should include modifications to the YET, involve other transition team members, and ascertain the team's previous level of involvement in the planning process.