bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNFINISHED BUSINESS: REMEMBERING THE GREAT WAR BETWEEN TRUTH AND REENACTMENT
Authors: Winter Jay
Published: November 2020

This paper analyses the phenomenon of historical reenactment of Great War battles as an effort to create what is termed ‘living history’. Thousands of people all over the world have participated in such reenactments, and their number increased significantly during the period surrounding the centenary of the outbreak of the Great War. Through a comparison with representations of war in historical writing, in museums and in the performing arts, I examine the claim of reenactors that they can enter into historical experience. I criticise this claim, and show how distant it is from those who do not claim to relive history but (more modestly) to represent it. In their search for ‘living history’, reenactors make two major errors. They strip war of its political content, and they sanitise and trivialise combat.
A Novel Locus and Candidate Gene for Familial Developmental Dyslexia on Chromosome 4q
Authors: Grimm Tiemo , Garshasbi Masoud , Puettmann Lucia , Chen Wei , Ullmann Reinhard , Müller-Myhsok Bertram , Klopocki Eva , Herbst Lina , Haug Janina , Jensen Lars R. , Fischer Christine , Nöthen Markus , Ludwig Kerstin , Warnke Andreas , Ott Jürg , Schulte-Körne Gerd , Ropers Hans-Hilger , Kuss Andreas W.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Objective: Developmental dyslexia is a highly heritable specific reading and writing disability. To identify a possible new locus and candidate gene for this disability, we investigated a four-generation pedigree where transmission of dyslexia is consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Methods: We performed genome wide array-based SNP genotyping and parametric linkage analysis and sequencing analysis of protein-coding exons, exon-intron boundaries and conserved extragenic regions within the haplotype cosegregating with dyslexia in DNA from one affected and one unaffected family member. Cosegregation was confirmed by sequencing all available family members. Additionally, we analyzed 96 dyslexic individuals who had previously shown positive LOD scores on chromosome 4q28 as well as an even larger sample ( n = 2591). Results: We found a single prominent linkage interval on chromosome 4q, where sequence analysis revealed a nucleotide variant in the 3’ UTR of brain expressed SPRY1 in the dyslexic family member that cosegregated with dyslexia. This sequence alteration might affect the binding efficiency of the IGF2BP1 RNA-binding protein and thus influence the expression level of the SPRY1 gene product. An analysis of 96 individuals from a cohort of dyslexic individuals revealed a second heterozygous variant in this gene, which was absent in the unaffected sister of the proband. An investigation of the region in a much larger sample further found a nominal p-value of 0.0016 for verbal short-term memory (digit span) in 2,591 individuals for a neighboring SNV. After correcting for the local number of analyzed SNVs, and after taking into account linkage disequilibrium, we found this corresponds to a p-value of 0.0678 for this phenotype. Conclusions: We describe a new locus for familial dyslexia and discuss the possibility that SPRY1 might play a role in the etiology of a monogenic form of dyslexia.
Plant resistome profiling in evolutionary old bog vegetation provides new clues to understand emergence of multi-resistance
Authors: Obermeier Melanie Maria , Wicaksono Wisnu Adi , Taffner Julian , Bergna Alessandro , Poehlein Anja , Cernava Tomislav , Lindstaedt Stefanie , Lovric Mario , Müller Bogotá Christina Andrea , Berg Gabriele
Published: November 2020

The expanding antibiotic resistance crisis calls for a more in depth understanding of the importance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in pristine environments. We, therefore, studied the microbiome associated with Sphagnum moss forming the main vegetation in undomesticated, evolutionary old bog ecosystems. In our complementary analysis of culture collections, metagenomic data and a fosmid library from different geographic sites in Europe, we identified a low abundant but highly diverse pool of resistance determinants, which targets an unexpectedly broad range of 29 antibiotics including natural and synthetic compounds. This derives both, from the extraordinarily high abundance of efflux pumps (up to 96%), and the unexpectedly versatile set of ARGs underlying all major resistance mechanisms. Multi-resistance was frequently observed among bacterial isolates, e.g. in Serratia, Rouxiella, Pandoraea, Paraburkholderia and Pseudomonas. In a search for novel ARGs, we identified the new class A β-lactamase Mm3. The native Sphagnum resistome comprising a highly diversified and partially novel set of ARGs contributes to the bog ecosystem´s plasticity. Our results reinforce the ecological link between natural and clinically relevant resistomes and thereby shed light onto this link from the aspect of pristine plants. Moreover, they underline that diverse resistomes are an intrinsic characteristic of plant-associated microbial communities, they naturally harbour many resistances including genes with potential clinical relevance.
The RNA polymerase I transcription inhibitor CX-5461 cooperates with topoisomerase 1 inhibition by enhancing the DNA damage response in homologous recombination-proficient high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Yan Shunfei , Xuan Jiachen , Brajanovski Natalie , Tancock Madeleine R. C. , Madhamshettiwar Piyush B. , Simpson Kaylene J. , Ellis Sarah , Kang Jian , Cullinane Carleen , Sheppard Karen E. , Hannan Katherine M. , Hannan Ross D. , Sanij Elaine , Pearson Richard B. , Chan Keefe T.
Published: November 2020

Background

Intrinsic and acquired drug resistance represent fundamental barriers to the cure of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), the most common histological subtype accounting for the majority of ovarian cancer deaths. Defects in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair are key determinants of sensitivity to chemotherapy and poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors. Restoration of HR is a common mechanism of acquired resistance that results in patient mortality, highlighting the need to identify new therapies targeting HR-proficient disease. We have shown promise for CX-5461, a cancer therapeutic in early phase clinical trials, in treating HR-deficient HGSC.

Methods

Herein, we screen the whole protein-coding genome to identify potential targets whose depletion cooperates with CX-5461 in HR-proficient HGSC.

Results

We demonstrate robust proliferation inhibition in cells depleted of DNA topoisomerase 1 (TOP1). Combining the clinically used TOP1 inhibitor topotecan with CX-5461 potentiates a G2/M cell cycle checkpoint arrest in multiple HR-proficient HGSC cell lines. The combination enhances a nucleolar DNA damage response and global replication stress without increasing DNA strand breakage, significantly reducing clonogenic survival and tumour growth in vivo.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the possibility of exploiting TOP1 inhibition to be combined with CX-5461 as a non-genotoxic approach in targeting HR-proficient HGSC.
Efferocytosis potentiates the expression of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) in alternatively activated human macrophages through LXR activation
Authors: Snodgrass Ryan G. , Benatzy Yvonne , Schmid Tobias , Namgaladze Dmitry , Mainka Malwina , Schebb Nils Helge , Lütjohann Dieter , Brüne Bernhard
Published: November 2020

Macrophages acquire anti-inflammatory and proresolving functions to facilitate resolution of inflammation and promote tissue repair. While alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs), also referred to as M2 macrophages, polarized by type 2 (Th2) cytokines IL-4 or IL-13 contribute to the suppression of inflammatory responses and play a pivotal role in wound healing, contemporaneous exposure to apoptotic cells (ACs) potentiates the expression of anti-inflammatory and tissue repair genes. Given that liver X receptors (LXRs), which coordinate sterol metabolism and immune cell function, play an essential role in the clearance of ACs, we investigated whether LXR activation following engulfment of ACs selectively potentiates the expression of Th2 cytokine-dependent genes in primary human AAMs. We show that AC uptake simultaneously upregulates LXR-dependent, but suppresses SREBP-2-dependent gene expression in macrophages, which are both prevented by inhibiting Niemann–Pick C1 (NPC1)-mediated sterol transport from lysosomes. Concurrently, macrophages accumulate sterol biosynthetic intermediates desmosterol, lathosterol, lanosterol, and dihydrolanosterol but not cholesterol-derived oxysterols. Using global transcriptome analysis, we identify anti-inflammatory and proresolving genes including interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) whose expression are selectively potentiated in macrophages upon concomitant exposure to ACs or LXR agonist T0901317 (T09) and Th2 cytokines. We show priming macrophages via LXR activation enhances the cellular capacity to synthesize inflammation-suppressing specialized proresolving mediator (SPM) precursors 15-HETE and 17-HDHA as well as resolvin D5. Silencing LXRα and LXRβ in macrophages attenuates the potentiation of ALOX15 expression by concomitant stimulation of ACs or T09 and IL-13. Collectively, we identify a previously unrecognized mechanism of regulation whereby LXR integrates AC uptake to selectively shape Th2-dependent gene expression in AAMs.
An fMRI dataset in response to “The Grand Budapest Hotel”, a socially-rich, naturalistic movie
Authors: Visconti di Oleggio Castello Matteo , Chauhan Vassiki , Jiahui Guo , Gobbini M. Ida
Published: November 2020

Naturalistic stimuli evoke strong, consistent, and information-rich patterns of brain activity, and engage large extents of the human brain. They allow researchers to compare highly similar brain responses across subjects, and to study how complex representations are encoded in brain activity. Here, we describe and share a dataset where 25 subjects watched part of the feature film “The Grand Budapest Hotel” by Wes Anderson. The movie has a large cast with many famous actors. Throughout the story, the camera shots highlight faces and expressions, which are fundamental to understand the complex narrative of the movie. This movie was chosen to sample brain activity specifically related to social interactions and face processing. This dataset provides researchers with fMRI data that can be used to explore social cognitive processes and face processing, adding to the existing neuroimaging datasets that sample brain activity with naturalistic movies.
PPARα agonist and metformin co-treatment ameliorates NASH in mice induced by a choline-deficient, amino acid-defined diet with 45% fat
Authors: Okishio Shinya , Yamaguchi Kanji , Ishiba Hiroshi , Tochiki Nozomi , Yano Kota , Takahashi Aya , Kataoka Seita , Okuda Keiichiroh , Seko Yuya , Liu Yu , Fujii Hideki , Takahashi Daiki , Ito Yusuke , Kamon Junji , Umemura Atsushi , Moriguchi Michihisa , Yasui Kohichiroh , Okanoue Takeshi , Itoh Yoshito
Published: November 2020

We explored the beneficial effects of GW7647, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist, and metformin, an anti-diabetic drug on an advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model in rodents and investigated the possible mechanisms involved. Mice were fed control chow or a choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined diet containing 45% fat (HF-CDAA). The mice fed HF-CDAA diets for 16 weeks were divided into four groups: the no treatment (HF-CDAA), HF-CDAA containing 1000 mg/kg metformin, HF-CDAA containing 10 mg/kg GW7647, and HF-CDAA with both metformin and GW7647 groups. Metformin alone slightly deteriorated the aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) values, whereas co-treatment with GW7647 and metformin greatly suppressed liver injury and fibrosis via activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Further study revealed that co-treatment decreased the expression of inflammatory-, fibrogenesis-, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes and increased the oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) ratio, suggesting the superiority of co-treatment due to restoration of mitochondrial function. The additive benefits of a PPARα agonist and metformin in a HF-CDAA diet-induced advanced NASH model was firstly demonstrated, possibly through restoration of mitochondrial function and AMPK activation, which finally resulted in suppression of hepatic inflammation, ER stress, then, fibrosis.
Vimentin protects differentiating stem cells from stress
Authors: Pattabiraman Sundararaghavan , Azad Gajendra Kumar , Amen Triana , Brielle Shlomi , Park Jung Eun , Sze Siu Kwan , Meshorer Eran , Kaganovich Daniel
Published: November 2020

Vimentin is one of the first cytoplasmic intermediate filaments to be expressed in mammalian cells during embryogenesis, but its role in cellular fitness has long been a mystery. Vimentin is acknowledged to play a role in cell stiffness, cell motility, and cytoplasmic organization, yet it is widely considered to be dispensable for cellular function and organismal development. Here, we show that Vimentin plays a role in cellular stress response in differentiating cells, by recruiting aggregates, stress granules, and RNA-binding proteins, directing their elimination and asymmetric partitioning. In the absence of Vimentin, pluripotent embryonic stem cells fail to differentiate properly, with a pronounced deficiency in neuronal differentiation. Our results uncover a novel function for Vimentin, with important implications for development, tissue homeostasis, and in particular, stress response.
Concordance in detecting amyloid positivity between 18F-florbetaben and 18F-flutemetamol amyloid PET using quantitative and qualitative assessments
Authors: Cho Soo Hyun , Choe Yeong Sim , Kim Young Ju , Lee Byungju , Kim Hee Jin , Jang Hyemin , Kim Jun Pyo , Jung Young Hee , Kim Soo-Jong , Kim Byeong C. , Farrar Gill , Na Duk L. , Moon Seung Hwan , Seo Sang Won
Published: November 2020

We aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively assess whether there is a discrepancy in detecting amyloid beta (Aβ) positivity between 18F-florbetaben (FBB) and 18F-flutemetamol (FMM) positron emission tomography (PET). We obtained paired FBB and FMM PET images from 107 participants. Three experts visually quantified the Aβ deposition as positive or negative. Quantitative assessment was performed using global cortical standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) with the whole cerebellum as the reference region. Inter-rater agreement was excellent for FBB and FMM. The concordance rates between FBB and FMM were 94.4% (101/107) for visual assessment and 98.1% (105/107) for SUVR cut-off categorization. Both FBB and FMM showed high agreement rates between visual assessment and SUVR positive or negative categorization (93.5% in FBB and 91.2% in FMM). When the two ligands were compared based on SUVR cut-off categorization as standard of truth, although not statistically significant, the false-positive rate was higher in FMM (9.1%) than in FBB (1.8%) (p = 0.13). Our findings suggested that both FBB and FMM had excellent agreement when used to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate Aβ deposits, thus, combining amyloid PET data associated with the use of different ligands from multi-centers is feasible.
The gut microbiome drives inter- and intra-individual differences in metabolism of bioactive small molecules
Authors: Kerimi Asimina , Kraut Nicolai U. , da Encarnacao Joana Amarante , Williamson Gary
Published: November 2020

The origin of inter-individual variability in the action of bioactive small molecules from the diet is poorly understood and poses a substantial obstacle to harnessing their potential for attenuating disease risk. Epidemiological studies show that coffee lowers the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, independently of caffeine, but since coffee is a complex matrix, consumption gives rise to different classes of metabolites in vivo which in turn can affect multiple related pathways in disease development. We quantified key urinary coffee phenolic acid metabolites repeated three times in 36 volunteers, and observed the highest inter- and intra-individual variation for metabolites produced by the colonic microbiome. Notably, a urinary phenolic metabolite not requiring the action of the microbiota was positively correlated with fasting plasma insulin. These data highlight the role of the gut microbiota as the main driver of both intra- and inter-individual variation in metabolism of dietary bioactive small molecules.
Trait convergence and trait divergence in lake phytoplankton reflect community assembly rules
Authors: Borics Gábor , B-Béres Viktória , Bácsi István , Lukács Balázs A. , T-Krasznai E. , Botta-Dukát Zoltán , Várbíró Gábor
Published: November 2020

Environmental filtering and limiting similarity are those locally acting processes that influence community structure. These mechanisms acting on the traits of species result in trait convergence or divergence within the communities. The role of these processes might change along environmental gradients, and it has been conceptualised in the stress-dominance hypothesis, which predicts that the relative importance of environmental filtering increases and competition decreases with increasing environmental stress. Analysing trait convergence and divergence in lake phytoplankton assemblages, we studied how the concepts of ‘limiting similarity’ versus ‘environmental filtering’ can be applied to these microscopic aquatic communities, and how they support or contradict the stress-dominance hypothesis. Using a null model approach, we investigated the divergence and convergence of phytoplankton traits along environmental gradients represented by canonical axes of an RDA. We used Rao’s quadratic entropy as a measure of functional diversity and calculated effect size (ES) values for each sample. Negative ES values refer to trait convergence, i.e., to the higher probability of the environmental filtering in community assembly, while positive values indicate trait divergence, stressing the importance of limiting similarity (niche partitioning), that is, the competition between the phytoplankters. Our results revealed that limiting similarity and environmental filtering may operate simultaneously in phytoplankton communities, but these assembly mechanisms influenced the distribution of phytoplankton traits differently, and the effects show considerable changes along with the studied scales. Studying the changes of ES values along with the various scales, our results partly supported the stress-dominance hypothesis, which predicts that the relative importance of environmental filtering increases and competition decreases with increasing environmental stress.
Author Correction: Co-targeting PIM and PI3K/mTOR using multikinase inhibitor AUM302 and a combination of AZD-1208 and BEZ235 in prostate cancer
Authors: Luszczak Sabina , Simpson Benjamin S. , Stopka-Farooqui Urszula , Sathyadevan Vignesh Krishna , Echeverria Lina M. Carmona , Kumar Christopher , Costa Helena , Haider Aiman , Freeman Alex , Jameson Charles , Ratynska Marzena , Ben-Salha Imen , Sridhar Ashwin , Shaw Greg , Kelly John D. , Pye Hayley , Gately Kathy A. , Whitaker Hayley C. , Heavey Susan
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: High-throughput microCT scanning of small specimens: preparation, packing, parameters and post-processing
Authors: Hipsley Christy A. , Aguilar Rocio , Black Jay R. , Hocknull Scott A.
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Co-activation of Akt, Nrf2, and NF-κB signals under UPRER in torpid Myotis ricketti bats for survival
Authors: Huang Wenjie , Liao Chen-Chung , Han Yijie , Lv Junyan , Lei Ming , Li Yangyang , Lv Qingyun , Dong Dong , Zhang Shuyi , Pan Yi-Husan , Luo Jian
Published: November 2020

Bats hibernate to survive stressful conditions. Examination of whole cell and mitochondrial proteomes of the liver of Myotis ricketti revealed that torpid bats had endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRER), global reduction in glycolysis, enhancement of lipolysis, and selective amino acid metabolism. Compared to active bats, torpid bats had higher amounts of phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (p-Akt) and UPRER markers such as PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Torpid bats also had lower amounts of the complex of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) (p65)/I-κBα. Cellular redistribution of 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and reduced binding between PERK and GRP78 were also seen in torpid bats. Evidence of such was not observed in fasted, cold-treated, or normal mice. These data indicated that bats activate Akt, Nrf2, and NF-κB via the PERK-ATF4 regulatory axis against endoplasmic reticulum stresses during hibernation.
Structural characterisation of molecular conformation and the incorporation of adatoms in an on-surface Ullmann-type reaction
Authors: Judd Chris J. , Junqueira Filipe L. Q. , Haddow Sarah L. , Champness Neil R. , Duncan David A. , Jones Robert G. , Saywell Alex
Published: November 2020

The on-surface synthesis of covalently bonded materials differs from solution-phase synthesis in several respects. The transition from a three-dimensional reaction volume to quasi-two-dimensional confinement, as is the case for on-surface synthesis, has the potential to facilitate alternative reaction pathways to those available in solution. Ullmann-type reactions, where the surface plays a role in the coupling of aryl-halide functionalised species, has been shown to facilitate extended one- and two-dimensional structures. Here we employ a combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray standing wave (XSW) analysis to perform a chemical and structural characterisation of the Ullmann-type coupling of two iodine functionalised species on a Ag(111) surface held under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions. Our results allow characterisation of molecular conformations and adsorption geometries within an on-surface reaction and provide insight into the incorporation of metal adatoms within the intermediate structures of the reaction.
The progress in corneal translational medicine
Authors: Hancox Zoe , Heidari Keshel Saeed , Yousaf Safiyya , Saeinasab Morvarid , Shahbazi Mohammad-Ali , Sefat Farshid
Published: November 2020

Cornea tissue is in high demand by tissue donation centres globally, and thus tissue engineering cornea, which is the main topic of corneal translational medicine, can serve as a limitless alternative to a donated human cornea tissue.
Green synthesis of methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymer using zinc proline as a biocompatible initiator for irinotecan delivery to colon cancer in vivo
Authors: Giram Prabhanjan S. , Wang Julie Tzu-Wen , Walters Adam A. , Rade Priyanka P. , Akhtar Muhammad , Han Shunping , Faruqu Farid N. , Abdel-Bar Hend M. , Garnaik Baijayantimala , Al-Jamal Khuloud T.
Published: November 2020

Green synthesis of mPEG–PLGA and nanoformulation for delivery of irinotecan to colon cancer.
Nickel-catalysed chemoselective C-3 alkylation of indoles with alcohols through a borrowing hydrogen method
Authors: Bains Amreen K. , Biswas Ayanangshu , Adhikari Debashis
Published: November 2020

A nickel catalysed chemoselective C3-alkylation of indole is reported that follows a borrowing hydrogen method promoted by a radical.
Novel silver(i) cluster-based coordination polymers as efficient luminescent thermometers
Authors: Xue Zhen-Zhen , Li Xin-Yu , Xu Lei , Han Song-De , Pan Jie , Wang Guo-Ming
Published: November 2020

Two original Ag-based clusters with a multidentate N-containing organic linker have been constructed featuring temperature-dependent luminescence behavior.
Nuclear quadrupole resonance supported by periodic quantum calculations: a sensitive tool for precise structural characterization of short hydrogen bonds
Authors: Stare Jernej , Gradišek Anton , Seliger Janez
Published: November 2020

A combined use of nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy and periodic DFT calculations delivers accurate structural characterization of short hydrogen bonds, in particular the precise location of the proton.
Effects of electrostatic drag on the velocity of hydrogen migration – pre- and post-transition state enthalpy/entropy compensation
Authors: Xing Yang-Yang , Chen Shu-Sen , Chen De-Zhan , Tantillo Dean J.
Published: November 2020

Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations were used to explore the underlying factors that modulate the velocity of hydrogen migration for 1,2 hydrogen shifts in carbocations in which different groups interact noncovalently with the migrating hydrogen.
Formic acid catalyzed isomerization and adduct formation of an isoprene-derived Criegee intermediate: experiment and theory
Authors: Vansco Michael F. , Caravan Rebecca L. , Pandit Shubhrangshu , Zuraski Kristen , Winiberg Frank A. F. , Au Kendrew , Bhagde Trisha , Trongsiriwat Nisalak , Walsh Patrick J. , Osborn David L. , Percival Carl J. , Klippenstein Stephen J. , Taatjes Craig A. , Lester Marsha I.
Published: November 2020

Investigation of key reaction pathways for an isoprene-derived Criegee intermediate with formic acid: acid catalyzed isomerization and adduct formation.
Modelling interactions of cationic dimers in He droplets: microsolvation trends in HenK2+ clusters
Authors: Alharzali Nissrin , Rodríguez-Segundo Raúl , Prosmiti Rita
Published: November 2020

Energetics and structural stability of small Hen= 1–6K2+ clusters.
Revisiting imidazolium receptors for the recognition of anions: highlighted research during 2010–2019
Authors: Hu Ying , Long Shuangshuang , Fu Haiyan , She Yuanbin , Xu Zhaochao , Yoon Juyoung
Published: November 2020

Research developments of imidazolium receptors for anions (such as DNA, RNA, ATP, etc.) during 2010–2019 are comprehensively discussed.
Canting angle dependence of single-chain magnet behaviour in chirality-introduced antiferromagnetic chains of acetate-bridged manganese(iii) salen-type complexes
Authors: Huang Po-Jung , Miyasaka Hitoshi
Published: November 2020

An acetate-bridged Mn(iii) salen-type alternating chain exhibits slow relaxation of the magnetization categolized to single-chain magnet behavior. The canting motif of the Jahn–Teller axis on the Mn(iii) center is the key to obtain this behavior.
Impacts of nitrogen-containing coagulants on the nitritation/denitrification of anaerobic digester centrate
Authors: Wang Zhiyue , Yao Yinuo , Steiner Nick , Cheng Hai-Hsuan , Wu Yi-ju , Woo Sung-Geun , Criddle Craig S.
Published: November 2020

Heterotrophic nitrification is linked to the use of nitrogen-containing coagulants added to enhance centrifugablity of biosolids.
Observing quantum trapping on MoS2 through the lifetimes of resonant electrons: revealing the Pauli exclusion principle
Authors: Su Wei-Bin , Lu Shin-Ming , Jeng Horng-Tay , Chan Wen-Yuan , Chang Ho-Hsiang , Pai Woei Wu , Liu Hsiang-Lin , Chang Chia-Seng
Published: November 2020

Quantum trapping, different from quantum confinement and scattering, is revealed through a linewidth modulation of field emission resonances on MoS2.
Dual-emissive dye@MOF composite for ratiometric detection and discrimination of two isomers of tetrachlorobenzenediol
Authors: Du Xiao-Meng , Zhao Bo , Yang Qi , Wang Jia-Si , Xie Feng-Yang , Yu Hong-Yi , Li Yue , Ma Yu-Xin , Ruan Wen-Juan
Published: November 2020

A dye@MOF composite was screened out for the ratiometric fluorescent detection and discrimination of the two isomers of tetrachlorobenzenediol.
An organocatalytic C–C bond cleavage approach: a metal-free and peroxide-free facile method for the synthesis of amide derivatives
Authors: Vodnala Nagaraju , Gujjarappa Raghuram , Polina Saibabu , Satheesh Vanaparthi , Kaldhi Dhananjaya , Kabi Arup K. , Malakar Chandi C.
Published: November 2020

An organocatalyzed C–C bond cleavage approach has been envisioned towards the synthesis of amide derivatives from their corresponding amines and 1,3-dicarbonyls.
Highly sensitive determination of DNA via a new type of electrochemical zirconium signaling probe
Authors: Han Yan , An Fengxia , Liu Jingliang , Kong Jinming , Zhang Xueji
Published: November 2020

Exploiting Zr(iv) as a redox probe for the detection of DNA has great potential in clinical analysis.
Nanohybrids of shuttle-like α-Fe2O3nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped graphene for simultaneous voltammetric detection of dopamine and uric acid
Authors: Liu Hongmi , Xiong Rujie , Zhong Peng , Li Guangli , Liu Jun , Wu Jingtao , Liu Ying , He Quanguo
Published: November 2020

Shuttle-like α-Fe2O3nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposites as a low cost and efficient electrocatalyst for detecting dopamine and uric acid.
Refining the model to design α-chymotrypsin superactivators: the role of the binding mode of quaternary ammonium salts
Authors: Gabriele Francesco , Goracci Laura , Germani Raimondo , Spreti Nicoletta
Published: November 2020

Modelling, synthesis and kinetic studies were combined to investigate the interactions responsible for the superactivation of α-chymotrypsin by ammonium-based additives.
Employing chemical synthesis to study the structure and function of colibactin, a “dark matter” metabolite
Authors: Williams Peyton C. , Wernke Kevin M. , Tirla Alina , Herzon Seth B.
Published: November 2020

This review recounts the chemical journey from 2015 to 2020 that culminated in the structure elucidation of the elusive bacterial metabolite, colibactin.
Fibroblast activation protein-α-adaptive micelles deliver anti-cancer drugs and reprogram stroma fibrosis
Authors: Teng Chao , Zhang Beiyuan , Yuan Zhongyue , Kuang Zheng , Chai Zhuodong , Ren Lianjie , Qin Chao , Yang Lei , Han Xiaopeng , Yin Lifang
Published: November 2020

Schematic representation of fibroblast activation protein-α-adaptive micelle (DOX/PFHC) and reshaping tumor microenvironment to facilitate apoptosis of tumor cell.
Layer-by-layer coated nanoliposomes for oral delivery of insulin
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Xiong Gordon Minru , Ali Yusuf , Boehm Bernhard O. , Huang Ying Ying , Venkatraman Subbu
Published: November 2020

Nanosulin – a highly stable multilayer insulin-coated nanoliposome, enhanced insulin permeation across the intestinal epithelium and maintained bioactivityviaoral administrationin vivo.
CoP and Ni2P implanted in a hollow porous N-doped carbon polyhedron for pH universal hydrogen evolution reaction and alkaline overall water splitting
Authors: Zhang Run , Zhu Ruolin , Li Ye , Hui Zhi , Song Yuyan , Cheng Yongliang , Lu Jinjun
Published: November 2020

The formation of a hollow structure and a synergistic effect between CoP and Ni2P can obviously enhance the electrocatalytic performance of CoP/Ni2P@HPNCP.
The key role of microscopic structure and graphene sheet-high homogenization in the high rate capability and cycling stability of Ni–Co LDH
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Li Jing , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Meiri , Cui Hongtao
Published: November 2020

A multifunctional nanostructure, rigid nanosheet-interlaced structure of Ni–Co LDH/graphene is designed to obtain a high-performance electrode material.
The dual-defect passivation role of lithium bromide doping in reducing the nonradiative loss in CsPbX3 (X = Br and I) quantum dots
Authors: Wu Hao , Qiu Jianbei , Wang Jing , Wen Yugeng , Wang Qi , Long Zhangwen , Zhou Dacheng , Yang Yong , Wang Dazhao
Published: November 2020

Lithium bromide as a new duel-defect passivation agent can effectively enhance luminescence properties by reducing the non-radiative loss.
Thermoresponsive and antifouling hydrogels as a radiative energy driven water harvesting system
Authors: Combita Diego , Ahmed Marya
Published: November 2020

Radiative energy fuelled water harvesting hydrogels.
Solid phase synthesis in the development of magnetic resonance imaging probes
Authors: Connah Liam , Angelovski Goran
Published: November 2020

We review the use of the solid phase synthesis methodology for the preparation of diverse and potent MRI probes.
Mechanism for hydrogen evolution from water splitting based on a MoS2/WSe2 heterojunction photocatalyst: a first-principle study
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Liu Tong , Tian Weizhi , Zhang Ying , Shan Pengyue , Chen Yunjian , Wei Wanhang , Yuan Hongkuan , Cui Hong
Published: November 2020

The mechanism of heterojunction photocatalytic splitting of water for hydrogen evolution.
Correction: Exploring the antifouling effect of elastic deformation by DEM–CFD coupling simulation
Authors: Tian Limei , Jin E. , Wang Jianfu , Wang Xiaoming , Bing Wei , Jin Huichao , Zhao Jie , Ren Luquan
Published: November 2020

Correction for ‘Exploring the antifouling effect of elastic deformation by DEM–CFD coupling simulation’ by Limei Tian et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 40855–40862, DOI: 10.1039/C9RA06761B.
A self-humidifying proton exchange membrane embedded with phosphonic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles that has excellent dispersion and water retention
Authors: Huang Henghui , Xu Shaoyi , Zhang Li , Fan Jiantao , Li Hui , Wang Haijiang
Published: November 2020

Nanomaterials with a uniform size, large surface area, high adsorption capacity, and excellent dispersion are critical to proton conduction and cell performance when functionalized and incorporated into a proton exchange membrane.
Thermoelectric all-carbon heterostructures for a flexible thermoelectric generator
Authors: Hwang Hyeonseok , Jang Kwang-Suk
Published: November 2020

High-performance thermoelectric all-carbon heterostructures are investigated. The carbon nanoparticle barrier between carbon nanotubes can enhance the thermoelectric performance due to the energy filtering effect.
Bubble dynamics in thin liquid films and breakup at drop impact
Authors: Gatapova Elizaveta Ya. , Gatapova Kyunney B.
Published: November 2020

A bubble layer forms in a thin liquid film at drop impact on a hot surface. Bubble coalescence and instability generated by a wave are the reason for irreversible bubble bursting, leading to film breakup at contact boiling.
A high throughput search for efficient thermoelectric half-Heusler compounds
Authors: Raghuvanshi Parul R. , Mondal Suman , Bhattacharya Amrita
Published: November 2020

Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of half Heusler through isovalent compositional tailoring.
A general method for selectively coating photothermal materials on 3D porous substrate surfaces towards cost-effective and highly efficient solar steam generation
Authors: Shao Bo , Wu Xuan , Wang Yida , Gao Ting , Liu Zhao-Qing , Owens Gary , Xu Haolan
Published: November 2020

An interfacial gelation coating method is developed to selectively coat photothermal materials on 3D substrate surfaces which dramatically reduces the consumption of photothermal materials while delivering superior performance in solar evaporation.
Research progress of using micro/nanomotors in the detection and therapy of diseases related to the blood environment
Authors: Wang Qi , Shi Tao , Wan Mimi , Wei Jia , Wang Fenghe , Mao Chun
Published: November 2020

Micro/nanomotors bring great progress to the detection and therapy of diseases related to the blood environment.
Properties of PDMS-divinylbenzene based pre-concentrators for nitroaromatic vapors
Authors: Poliquit Beta Zenia , Burn Paul L. , Shaw Paul E.
Published: November 2020

The mode of DVB incorporation into PDMS strongly influences the structure and pre-concentration properties of the resulting film.
Phase transition and multiferroic properties of Zr-doped BiFeO3thin films
Authors: Ma Zhibiao , Liu Huiying , Wang Lingxu , Zhang Fengqing , Zhu Luyi , Fan Suhua
Published: November 2020

Multiferroic properties of BiFe1−xZrxO3films can be regulated by controlling the doping amount of Zr, and the influence of phase transition on the properties of the films is systematically studied.
Sevoflurane protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reperfusion injury via LINC01133/miR-30a-5p axis
Authors: Yu Zhenyi , Ren Qiusheng , Yu Shenghui , Gao Xiang
Published: November 2020

Previous studies failed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of anesthetic preconditioning as a protective approach against ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury in cells. The present study mainly centered on discovering the mechanisms of Sevoflurane (Sev) in preventing cardiomyocytes against I/R injury. Human cardiomyocyte AC16 cell line was used to simulate I/R injury based on a hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) model. After Sev treatment, cell viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content was measured using an LDH Detection Kit. Relative mRNA and protein expressions of LINC01133, miR-30a-5p and apoptosis-related proteins were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot as needed. Target gene of miR-30a-5p and their potential binding sites were predicted using Starbase and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell behaviors were assessed again after miR-30a-5p and LINC01133 transfection. Sev could improve cell viability, reduce LDH leakage, and down-regulate the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9) and LINC01133 as well as up-regulate miR-30a-5p and Bcl-2 expressions in H/R cells. MiR-30a-5p was the target of LINC01133, and up-regulating miR-30a-5p enhanced the effects of Sev in H/R cells, with a suppression on H/R-induced activation of the p53 signaling pathway. However, up-regulating LINC01133 reversed the enhancing effects of miR-30a-5p on Sev pretreatment in H/R cells. Sev could protect cardiomyocytes against H/R injury through the miR-30a-5p/LINC01133 axis, which may provide a possible therapeutic method for curing cardiovascular I/R injury.
Muscle Tension Dysphagia Evaluation and Treatment
Authors: Kang Christina H. , Lott David G.
Published: November 2020

Purpose

This clinical focus article introduces primary and secondary muscle tension dysphagia (MTDg) as a functional idiopathic dysphagia that is often encountered in the otolaryngology clinic setting. Critical aspects of clinical assessment and treatment approaches will be discussed. The presented case study will describe a multidisciplinary evaluation and efficacy of therapy.

Conclusions

MTDg is a diagnosis of exclusion for a functional idiopathic swallowing disorder associated with abnormal laryngeal muscle tension. Abnormal laryngeal muscle tension is often associated with disorders of laryngeal hyperresponsiveness such as muscle tension dysphonia, chronic cough, globus pharyngeus, and paradoxical vocal fold motion. MTDg patients may exhibit concurrent disorders of laryngeal hyperresponsiveness. Proper dysphagia and gastroesophageal screening are critical in diagnosis of MTDg and must not be omitted. Our studies have shown high treatment efficacy with unloading of laryngeal muscle tension with the use of voice therapy technique utilized in treatment of muscle tension dysphonia.
Design of highly sensitive complementary metamaterial‐based microwave sensor for characterisation of dielectric materials
Authors: Samad Abdul , Hu Wei Dong , Shahzad Waseem , Raza Hamid , Ligthart Leo P.
Published: November 2020

Metamaterial‐based double‐slit complementary split rectangular resonator sensor is proposed for the characterisation of dielectric properties of the materials under test (MUTs). The proposed sensor is designed and simulated on the CST microwave studio software using a low‐cost substrate FR4. An array of three identical resonators is etched in the ground plane of the sensor to achieve a single and deep notch of −58.7 dB in the transmission coefficient (S21) at the resonant frequency of 7.01 GHz, which is the novelty of the proposed sensor. A deep and single resonant frequency band has a significant role in the precise measurement of the dielectric properties of the MUTs. The effective constitutive parameters are extracted from the S‐parameters. An equivalent circuit model is suggested that describes the overall behaviour of the sensor. The sensor is fabricated on the FR4 substrate and measured through the vector network analyser (N5224B) by placing the standard materials. The parabolic equation for the proposed sensor is formulated to approximate the permittivity of the MUTs. A very small percentage of error, 0.77, is found which shows high accuracy of the sensor. This methodology is efficient, simple in fabrication, and reduces cost and computational time also.
Long‐duration acceptance test for an operating integrated solar combined cycle solar field
Authors: E.L. Weteedy Ahmed , Elmaihy Ali
Published: November 2020

The commercial concern in performance testing validation increases due to the enlargement of the concentrating solar power production. Unfortunately, no common approach or test code exists worldwide for this principle. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers and others are currently developing standards for concentrated solar power plants that have not come to fruition yet. In this study, the long‐duration performance acceptance test was carried out for the integrated solar combined cycle solar field of Kurymat, Egypt. The work included measurement of meteorological and operational data, calculation of the thermal energy output, and auxiliary energy consumption of parabolic trough (PT) solar field during consecutive 14 days with 88 total operating hours, to verify the predicted performance metrics under specified test conditions. The testing procedures, model formulation and measured data uncertainties of the solar field were conducted. The model predictions and measured results with their uncertainties were compared. The study can be potentially advantageous for the current developing international performance testing codes to validate the proposed acceptance test guidelines of PT solar field.
Dynamic evaluation of large‐scale rooftop photovoltaic penetration into the power distribution system
Authors: Han Dong , Li Mengtong , Yan Zheng
Published: November 2020

The integration of distributed renewable energy with high penetration is a trend in future power and energy systems. Exploring the impacts of the retail‐side pricing mechanism on renewable energy consumption is of great significance for sustainable generation development. Considering the diffusion process of distributed renewable energy in the power system, the authors introduce the logistic innovation diffusion model and propose a dynamic evaluation method to quantify the user‐side rooftop photovoltaic diffusion capability with the retail pricing mechanism. First, a decision model with Ramsey pricing theory is improved to address the energy transactions between retailers and consumers, in which the ladder price with a two‐part structure tariff model is applied. The market positive feedback model of rooftop photovoltaic installation capacity and electricity price level are analysed using a system dynamics methodology. Also, the system evolution model considering dynamic diffusion of rooftop photovoltaic affected by the tariff is established. Finally, the criterion for rooftop photovoltaic stable diffusion based on Lyapunov functions is developed and the installation capacity of rooftop photovoltaics in the studied system is determined. The case studies show the impacts of retail electricity prices on the stability and sensitivity of rooftop photovoltaic diffusion in the power system from the medium‐to‐long‐term perspective.
Extensive frequency response and inertia analysis under high renewable energy source integration scenarios: application to the European interconnected power system
Authors: Fernández‐Guillamón Ana , Gómez‐Lázaro Emilio , Molina‐García Ángel
Published: November 2020

Traditionally, power system's inertia has been estimated according to the rotating masses directly connected to the grid. Due to the significant penetration of renewable generation units, the conventional grid inertia is decreasing, subsequently affecting both reliability analysis and grid stability. As a result, concepts such as ‘synthetic inertia’, ‘hidden inertia’ or ‘virtual inertia’, together with alternative spinning reserves, are currently under discussion. Under this new framework, an algorithm to estimate the minimum inertia needed to fulfil the European network of transmission system operators for electricity requirements for rate of change of frequency values is proposed and assessed. Both inertia and additional active power can come from different sources, such as storage solutions, renewable sources decoupled from the grid, interconnections, or a combination of them. The power system under consideration includes thermal, hydro‐power plants, and renewable generation units, in line with the most current and future European power systems. More than 700 generation mix scenarios are simulated, varying the renewable integration, the power imbalance, and the inertia constant of conventional power plants. The solutions studied here provide important information to ease the massive integration of renewable resources, without reducing the grid capacity in terms of stability and response to contingencies.
Effect of heat treating process on phase transformation and photocatalytic activity of Zn‐doped nano‐titania
Authors: Bao Tana , Tian Xiao , Naren Gerile , Ojiyed Tegus
Published: November 2020

The undoped titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc‐doped TiO2 gels were prepared by sol–gel method. The nano‐TiO2 powders were prepared by controlling the sintering temperature. The phase compositions of the sintered samples were analysed by powder X‐ray diffraction; the microstructure was analysed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscope; the photocatalytic activity was analysed by photochemical reactions instrument. The combined action of Zn2+ doping and heat treatment on phase transformation and photocatalytic performance of TiO2 were analysed. The results show that, when the Zn ion doping amount is within 1–5 mol%, it promotes the conversion of anatase to rutile transition as the presence of ZnTiO3. The photocatalytic performance of TiO2 sintered at 700°C is better than sintered at 400°C.
Microwave‐assisted synthesis of mesoporous γ‐Fe2O3 for dye removal
Authors: Roy Arup
Published: November 2020

The synthesis of mesoporous γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles by eco‐friendly one‐step microwave irradiation method in ambient atmospheres without surfactants as described in this Letter. Characterisation of synthesised nanoparticles was performed by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area & pore volume analyser, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and superconducting quantum interference device. The adsorption behaviour of nanoparticles towards methyl orange, an azo dye, was examined in aqueous solutions under various operational conditions like pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent weight. Results suggest that as‐synthesised γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles are mesoporous and superparamagnetic at room temperature. Some characteristics of γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles, for example, saturation magnetisation, pore diameters, specific surface areas, and pore volumes are 72.0 emu g−1, 7.11 nm, 189.35 m2 g−1, and 0.52 cm3 g−1, respectively. The experimental data of adsorption study fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and maximum adsorption capacity is 403.23 mg g−1. The reusability of the γ‐Fe2O3 nanomaterials was examined, and it can be recycled for ten cycles. In sum, this simple eco‐friendly synthesis method of magnetic mesoporous adsorbent is suitable for large scale production without any template or surfactant or inert atmosphere.