bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Properties of Momordica charantia Methanolic Extract Against Selected Bacterial Strains
Authors: Hassan Cheong Nur Dayana , Zakaria Latifah Amalina , Yusof Hartini
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The persistent development of bacterial resistance against currently available antibacterial drugs necessitates the search for new antimicrobial agents. The major part of this research is to overcome drug resistance in infectious agents by utilizing medicinal plants as the main natural source in the production of new pharmaceuticals. As 25-50% of contemporary medications are derived from plants, this sparked renewed interest in therapeutic plants. Due to the largely diverse phytochemical compounds found in crude extracts of medicinal plants, they could be used as an alternative source of antimicrobial agents. This study aims to screen the phytochemical compounds and evaluate the antibacterial effect of Momordica charantia fruit extract, obtained by maceration in 100% absolute methanol. Method: Disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods were performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of M. charantia fruit extract on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. Results: The phytochemical tests conducted revealed that the fruit extracts tested positive for alkaloids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. The methanolic extract of M. charantia fruit demonstrated antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a mean inhibition zone of (17mm±0.82), but not against E. coli or S. typhimurium. For S. aureus, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were 125mg/ml and 500mg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the current study offers insight into the therapeutic potential of M. charantia where the methanolic fruit extract of the fruit has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and has the potential to be exploited as an antimicrobial agent.
Effects Of Eye Cosmetics Usage, Knowledge, Hygiene And Management Towards Dry Eye Symptoms Among University Students
Authors: Ahmad Najmee Nur Aresya , Abdul Hayy Sarah Hannah , Wan Mahmood Wan M. Asyraf
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Appropriate management and knowledge are essential while using eye cosmetics as poor hygiene can cause ocular inflammation and disrupt the tear film. This study has investigated the effects of eye cosmetic usage, knowledge on the ingredients, hygiene, and management towards dry eyes symptoms. Methods: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and eye cosmetic questionnaires were distributed using a google form to 165 eligible universities’ students in Malaysia. The demographic data, eye cosmetic usage, hygiene, management, knowledge and dry eye symptoms were recorded and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U- test, with the significant value, which was set at p<0.05. Results: There was no statistically significance of OSDI score between light and regular users using cosmetics products except for the pencil eyeliner, which was statistically significant, p<0.05. Additionally, there was no significant difference of dry eye symptoms (OSDI score) between good and bad management p=0.730 and good and bad hygiene p=0.229 of eye cosmetics usage. Nonetheless, many cosmetic users have adequate knowledge regarding eye cosmetics ingredients. Conclusion: Discomfort is primarily caused by applying eye cosmetics close to the ocular surface, such as pencil eyeliner, which increases dry eyes’ symptoms by contaminating the tear film. Although users had sufficient knowledge of eye cosmetic ingredients, negligence towards reading labels was high. Eye cosmetics should be used with proper hygiene and management due to the proximity of application to the ocular region, as contaminated cosmetics could cause more severe symptoms of ocular discomfort and dry eyes.
Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Fatigue and Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients with Chronic Illness: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdul Mulud Zamzaliza , Mohamad Norfidah , Sanusi Nur Farhanah , Johari Siti Najiah , Hashim Noraini
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Chronic illnesses such as coronary heart disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the main causes of death worldwide. Additionally, previous research has discovered that fatigue commonly associated with chronic illness impairs this population’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and self-efficacy is critical for self-management. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between fatigue and self-efficacy with HRQoL in patients with chronic illness. Methods: We conducted quantitative cross-sectional research using a sample of 160 patients from a public hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Self-efficacy, fatigue, and HRQoL were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue Scale (FACIT-F), respectively. Results: The mean overall score for HRQoL is 79.91 (SD=13.67), fatigue is 35.28 (SD=7.44), whereas the mean self-efficacy score is 37.93 (SD=9.17). There is a positive correlation between HRQoL with fatigue (r = 0.810, p<0.001) and self-efficacy (r = 0.66, p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis found that sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, income levels and living area), fatigue and self-efficacy explained 69.5% of variances in HRQoL. Meanwhile, income levels, fatigue and self-efficacy were significant predictors for HRQoL. Conclusion: Fatigue and self-efficacy are among the factors that influence HRQoL among patients with chronic illness. The findings indicated that health practitioners should develop a systematic intervention to prevent fatigue, promote patients’ self-efficacy and HRQoL.
An Analysis of Visual Outcomes in the Community-Based Vision Screening Programs
Authors: Buari Noor Halilah , A. Rahman Nur Erra Syuhada
Published: March 2023

Introduction: A community vision screening is a quick eye examination that searches for potential vision problems. Screening helps to detect visual disorders early. This study intended to determine the outcomes of the vision screening. The association between demographic variables, vision testing, and vision screening outcomes was also investigated. Methods: Vision screening data conducted from 2017 to 2020 were obtained. Demographic data (age, gender, and location) and optometric findings (distance visual acuity (DVA), near visual acuity (NVA), refractive errors, intraocular pressure (IOP), and retina abnormalities) were extracted and analyzed. The pass or fail vision screening and causes were determined. Results: Thirty-five percent (35%) were failed the vision screening. The elderly was the most likely to fail (17%). The females and males showed an equal proportion of failure rate. Those who failed screening in urban areas (27%) were greater than in rural areas (8%). Reduced DVA was the most common reason for failed vision screening, followed by reduced NVA. Age (p<0.001) and location (p<0.001) was significantly linked with the outcome of vision screening. DVA (p<0.001), NVA (p<0.001), IOP measurement (p=0.006) and ophthalmoscopy findings (p<0.001) demonstrated significant association with vision screening results. Conclusion: The failure rate in community vision screening was high. Age, location, DVA, NVA, IOP measurement, and fundus evaluation were associated with vision screening outcomes. Outreach initiatives help identify potential vision problems in the community. This evidence is vital for determining the need for treatment and management of optometry services and planning for targeted vision screening programs, thereby preventing vision loss.
Epidemiological Profile of Patients Attending Physiotherapy Unit at Klinik Kesihatan Bagan Serai, Perak
Authors: Mirza Fatim Tahirah , Hariri Sarah , Noor Nadhirah
Published: March 2023

Introduction: As the front line of the health service and the provider of 90% of formal health care services, Klinik Kesihatan plays key role in developing an equitable health service and responding to the needs of different population groups. Thus, it is important to know the epidemiological profile of the people attending Physiotherapy Unit at Klinik Kesihatan in order to understand the role, responsibilities and challenges of physiotherapist working in Klinik Kesihatan. Methods: This is a retrospective study where the clinical records of patients attended Physiotherapy Unit at Klinik Kesihatan Bagan Serai between November 2017 and November 2019 were retrieved. Three categories of information were defined prospectively (i) sociodemographic, (ii) physiotherapy services and (iii) defaulter. Results: Of the 380 evaluation cards selected via random sampling, 350 met the study criteria. Most of the patients who attended Physiotherapy Unit were female (57%), 25-59 years (65%), Malay (69%), married (70%), unemployed (34%) and from the B40 household income (86%). Among the unemployed, majority (73%) of patients who attended the physiotherapy unit are housewife. Main cases referred to physiotherapy were musculoskeletal (90%) with the problem mostly on knee (25%), shoulder (21%) and back (19%). The most common physiotherapy treatment given was therapeutic exercise (56%). As high as 40% default rates were identified within this sample. Conclusion: Understanding the epidemiological profile of patients attending Klinik Kesihatan is important to maximize the benefits of physiotherapy treatment and prevent defaulters.
Factors that Influence Obesogenic Infant Feeding Practices: Findings from an Urban Community in Malaysia
Authors: Muniandy Naleena Devi , binti Ibrahim Dhiya Nurfatimah
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Feeding practices in the first year of life is crucial for an optimum physical and mental development of a child. Early feeding practices that include breastfeeding practices and complementary feeding practices mold a lifetime eating habit that is linked with future obesity. However, these feeding practices are influenced by many factors. This study explored the factors influencing obesogenic feeding practices during the first year of life. This study reports the qualitative findings from a larger study that was conducted in two health clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Methods: An in depth interview using a grounded theory approach was used to obtain findings that involved ten mothers. Interviews were coded and arranged in themes to generate a model that explains the factors that influence obesogenic feeding practices among the infants in the study population. Results: Practices linked to obesogenic feeding practices in the study participants were early termination of breastfeeding, early introduction to complementary food and introduction to sugar. Themes that emerged from this finding include, infants’ influence such as: refusal to breastfeed, maternal influence such as ; perceived milk insufficiency, maternal knowledge and perception, religious practice and external influences such as: influence of family and friends and lack of family support. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of inclusion of family members and public in intervention programs that target to promote healthy and appropriate infant feeding.
Nursing Intervention on Discharge Planning for Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Rashidah , Abdul Mulud Zamzaliza , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: March 2023

Aim: This literature review aims to conduct an extensive systematic literature review of the nursing interventions on discharge planning among geriatric patients with hip fractures. Design: The review applied multiple research designs, and the literature search was based on PRISMA’s publication standard. Data Sources: The articles were selected from three primary online databases: Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science and one supporting database, Google Scholar. Review Method: After searching the eligible articles, 15 articles were selected for thematic analysis. Results: The systematic review came out with five central themes 1) assessments of the patient’s and family member’s needs: 2) diagnosis of an individual discharge planning: 3) prescription of the appropriate nursing interventions; 4) implementation of the nursing interventions and 5) follow -up after the patients have been discharged from hospital. Conclusion: The review’s findings explained the nursing intervention implemented and its effectiveness on elderly patients with hip fractures. Apart from that, this review also highlighted the methodology approach and health outcomes measured, which will help the scholars better understand the study area. Impact: The review contributes needed information for future nursing research and practice of the elderly with hip fractures.
Psychological Distress and Quality of Life Among Childless Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment: A Narrative Review
Authors: Hamzah Farrahdilla , Abdul Mulud Zamzaliza
Published: March 2023

Childless couples who are struggling to conceive face the risk of mental health issues, due to increased psychological distress in the form of stress, anxiety, and depression. This would adversely impact their quality of life in terms of mind-body (physical, psychological, and behavioural), emotional (tension, frustration, anger, and guilt), sociological (stigmatization, self-isolation, and social withdrawal) and relational (marital and sexual relationship) aspects. The aim of this review is to learn more about psychological distress and the quality of life among childless couples undergoing infertility treatment. The literature search was conducted using SCOPUS, EBSCOHOST, ProQuest, Ovid, and Science Direct databases for the period from 2016 to 2022, with a total of 6,001 articles retrieved. However, only six articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria applied in this review. The search was limited to studies published in the English language with cross-sectional study design only. The following medical subject heading terms were used: infertility, childless couple, psychological distress, and quality of life, with (“AND,” and “OR,”) used to narrow and widen the search. Overall, the findings show that childless couples do experience psychological distress in the form of depression, stress, anxiety, stigmatisation, low self-esteem, and social isolation; they also face psychosocial problems and thus their quality of life are impacted. Further research should focus on psychosocial aspects, such as developing effective care programs that can contribute towards the effective management of psychological and social issues faced by couples struggling with infertility.
The Impact of Integrating Multi-Microgrid System with FACTS Devices for Voltage Profile Enhancement and Real Power Loss Reduction in Power System: A Review
Authors: Zubidi Ainna Nadirah , Ismail Bazilah , Ali Al Hamrounni Ibrahim Mohamed , Abd Rahman Nadia Hanis , Mohd Rozlan Mohd Helmy Hakimie
Published: March 2023

Renewable energy is crucial for reducing emissions and meeting future energy demands. However, due to concerns regarding intermittent supply, integrating RE into a multi-microgrid system might pose various power system problems, for instance, unstable electrical power output. As a result, increased load reactive power demands result in voltage losses during peak load demand. Therefore, it can be minimized by utilizing Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices in electrical networks, which are designed to strengthen the stability and control of power transfer and act as a controller for the AC transmission specification, which also provides speed and flexibility for certain applications. By identifying the need to implement solutions that can sustain the electric power quality of a microgrid, this paper presents a review of various method approaches which could be used to evaluate the impact of integrating the multi-microgrid systems with FACTS devices for voltage profile improvement and real power loss reduction in power system. In this paper, a comprehensive study is carried out for optimum multi-microgrid placement, considering the minimization of power losses, enhancement of voltage stability, and improvement of the voltage profile. An attempt has been made to summarize the existing approaches and present a detailed discussion that can help the energy planners decide which objective and planning factors need more attention for optimum locations and capacity for multi-microgrid and FACTS devices.
Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Authentication Detection of Organic Soybean Flour
Authors: Masithoh Rudiati Evi , Reza Pahlawan Muhammad Fahri , Surya Saputri Devi Alicia , Rakhmat Abadi Farid
Published: March 2023

Organic and non-organic soybean flours, although visually indifferent, have a significant difference in price and nutrition content. Therefore, the accurate authentication detection of organic soybean flour is necessary. Visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods is a non-destructive technique applied to detect authentic or adulterated organic soybean flour. The spectra of organic, adulterated organic, and non-organic soybean flours were captured using a Vis-NIR spectrometer at 350–1000 nm. The spectra were analyzed using partial least squares (PLS), principal component analysis (PCA), and the combination of these two with discriminant analysis (DA). The results showed that PCA using PC1 and PC2 could differentiate organic and non-organic soybean flours, whereas PC1 and PC4 can detect pure and adulterated organic soybean flours. The PCA–linear DA models showed 98.5% accuracy (Acc) for predicting pure organic and adulterated soybean flours and 100% Acc for predicting organic and non-organic flours. Moreover, PLS regression models resulted in a high R² of >95% for predicting organic and non-organic flours and pure and adulterated soybean flours. In addition, the PLS-DA models can differentiate organic from non-organic soybean flour and distinguish pure and adulterated soybean flours with 100% Acc and reliability.
Potential of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as Diesel Blends Produced from Free Fatty Acid in Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by Montmorillonite-Sulfonated Carbon
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Asri Wan Ryan , Putri Firda Rahmania , Riyanti Fahma , Fanani Zainal , Rachmat Addy , Novia Novia , Agustina Tuty Emilia
Published: March 2023

This research, biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO), was conducted using a montmorillonite-sulfonated carbon catalyst from molasses. The biodiesel product would be blended with diesel fuel with various volume variations to see its fuel properties. The catalyst was assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, and acidity analysis using the titration method. The effect of the weight ratio of montmorillonite to sulfonated carbon was also evaluated. The process of esterification reaction was optimized using the response surface methodology with a central composite design (RSM-CCD). The study showed that the weight ratio of montmorillonite to sulfonated carbon of 1:3 generated the highest acidity of 9.79 mmol/g with a prominent enhanced surface area and was further employed to optimize the esterification reaction. The optimum condition was obtained at a reaction temperature of 78.12°C, catalyst weight of 2.98 g, and reaction time of 118.27 with an FFA conversion of 74.101%. The optimum condition for the mixture of FAME and diesel fuel was achieved at the composition of the B20 blend, which met the FAME standard. The reusability study revealed that the catalyst had adequate stability at three consecutive runs, with a reduced performance was 18.60%. The reduction of FFA conversion was due to the leaching of the catalyst’s active site. This study disclosed that the FAME generated from the esterification of FFA on WCO-catalyzed montmorillonite-sulfonated carbon had a promising option as biodiesel blends for increasing the quality of commercial diesel.
Efficient Frequency-Dependent Coefficients of Explicit Improved Two-Derivative Runge-Kutta Type Methods for Solving Third-Order IVPs
Authors: Chien Lee Khai , Senu Norazak , Ahmadian Ali , Ibrahim Siti Nur Iqmal
Published: March 2023

This study aims to propose sixth-order two-derivative improved Runge-Kutta type methods adopted with exponentially-fitting and trigonometrically-fitting techniques for integrating a special type of third-order ordinary differential equation in the form u^''' (t)=f(t,u(t),u^' (t)). The procedure of constructing order conditions comprised of a few previous steps, k-i for third-order two-derivative Runge-Kutta-type methods, has been outlined. These methods are developed through the idea of integrating initial value problems exactly with a numerical solution in the form of linear composition of the set functions e^ѡt and e^(-ѡt)for exponentially fitted and e^iѡt and e^(-iѡt) for trigonometrically-fitted with ѡ ϵ R. Parameters of two-derivative Runge-Kutta type method are adapted into principle frequency of exponential and oscillatory problems to construct the proposed methods. Error analysis of proposed methods is analysed, and the computational efficiency of proposed methods is demonstrated in numerical experiments compared to other existing numerical methods for integrating third-order ordinary differential equations with an exponential and periodic solution.
The Impact of Calcium Chloride in Cementation Solution on Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Awdah Saad Aljohani Waad , Mohd Anas Siti Norathirah , Seminin Nor Safiqah , Naim Putri Nur Suhaina , Abdulaziz Dardau , Go Rusea , Abdul Aziz Nor Azwady , Mohamed Ghazali Mona Fatin Syazwanee , Mustafa Muskhazli
Published: March 2023

This review aims to quantify the impact of calcium chloride in cementation solutions on Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP). Specific soil strength properties, such as the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test, permeability (k) and calcium carbonate content of the soil, form the basis of quantifying the test results. Relevant articles from various online databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (PQDT), Mendeley and Google Scholar are obtained with search strings of suitable keywords. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were used to screen and select related articles based on exclusion and inclusion characteristics. This review shows a positive correlation between calcium concentrations and soil strength properties, where higher concentrations of calcium solutions induce stronger bonding between soil particles due to better calcite precipitation. However, we also note a reversed correlation when the concentration of calcium solutions is higher than 1 M. This review also verifies that the MICP process enhances soil strength using optimum calcium chloride concentration to avoid soil brittleness. This result benefits other fields, such as agricultural and soil engineering.
Heat Stress and Noise Exposure Levels in a Manufacturing Plant
Authors: Kwong Qi Jie , Terbizi Nursyifaasahirah , Nordin Normaisarah , Ahmad Zawawi Emma Marinie , Abd Razak Azli , Abdullah Jamalunlaili
Published: March 2023

This paper analyses skilled workers’ heat stress and noise exposure levels at a pressure vessel manufacturing plant. Measurements were conducted at three partially enclosed workspaces of the plant where hot work and metal fabrications were conducted using a multi-function thermal environment data logger and a sound level recorder. A survey was developed to obtain the field workers’ perceptions of their immediate heat and noise environments. The findings suggested that the heat and noise conditions were generally acceptable. The calculated mean Wet-bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) indicated that there was only minimal risk of heat stress for the workers. It was also identified that the noise intensities in the sections studied were within the permissible exposure limit for an 8-hour duration specified in the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) guideline. Besides, questionnaire survey results showed that the thermal and noise conditions at the workplace were acceptable. The workers perceived their work environment as warm with sensible air movement, moderately humid, free from heat and noise-related injuries, and able to have clear conversations with their co-workers while working.
Influencing Physical Characteristics of Landslides in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Zulkafli Syaidatul Azwani , Abd Majid Nuriah , Syed Zakaria Sharifah Zarina , Razman Muhammad Rizal , Ahmed Minhaz Farid
Published: March 2023

Landslide is one of the natural disasters that commonly occurs in terrestrial environments with slopes throughout the world. Located among countries with tropical climates, the hot and humid conditions expose Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, to the risk of landslides. This paper aims to delineate the influencing physical characteristics of landslide occurrences in Kuala Lumpur. In this study, a 100 landslides historical data set and eight landslide factors were obtained from proper field validation and maps provided by those concerned in the government, such as distance to roads, distance to streams, elevation, slope angle, curvature, slope aspect, land use, and lithology. These factors were processed using GIS as geospatial analysis provides a useful tool for planning, disaster management, and hazard mitigation. By using ArcMap 10.8.2, a GIS software, different spatial analyses in which maps for each physical factor were layered with landslide events distribution. The weights for each factor were determined using the ANN approach resulting in the slope angle having the highest relative importance with a 100.0% value. In comparison, 8.3% represents the slope aspect as the most insignificant factor out of the eight selected characteristics for this study area. Therefore, a proper perspective and a thorough understanding of the certain slope condition have to be established for future mitigation action to support the agenda of SDG 15.
Heterogeneous Ensemble Approaches for Robust Face Mask Detection in Crowd Scenes
Authors: Hu Xufeng , Jeon Younghoon , Gwak Jeonghwan
Published: March 2023

Face masks are one of the effective tools to slow the spread of disease and reduce medical overload by protecting people from infectious diseases including COVID-19. To prevent infection from respiratory droplets, it is imperative to wear a mask that covers the nose and mouth completely. However, it is difficult to make it mandatory for crowds to wear masks in public places where many people gather. For example, detecting incorrect mask-wearing in crowded scenes is a tedious and attention-grabbing task. Therefore, the success of deep learning in computer vision motivates automated monitoring systems. However, deep learning-based detection models are unstable if the domain task is changed and may have different strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, in this study, we propose a heterogeneous ensemble-based detection model for robust face mask detection in crowd scenes. First, independent detection models such as You look Only Ones (YOLO) v6, YOLO v7, and Faster R-CNN are employed for the model ensemble. Second, the prediction results obtained from the detection models are post-processed such as merging, non-maximum suppression, and weighted box fusion. The experimental results show that the classification performance of our proposed model has an F1 score of about 90.5% and that the improvement of the generalization ability due to the ensemble strategy contributed to the improvement of the classification performance.
 
Received: 21 October 2022 | Revised: 7 February 2023 | Accepted: 12 February 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG (STUDI KASUS DI PASAR PETERONGAN JOMBANG)
Authors: Sa’adah Lailatus , Umam Khothibul , Umam Khothibul
Published: March 2023

Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini yaitu apakah dampak yang dirasakan para pedagang terutama pendapatan pedagang selama terjadi covid 19. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak covid 19 tehadap pendapatan pedagang saat sebelum terjadinya covid 19, dimasa pandemi covid 19 dan di new normal, sekaligus memberikan manfaat bagi pemerintah dan pedagang supaya dapat menyelesaikan suatu masalah yang sama apabila terjadi dikemudian hari. Jenis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data yang dugunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara. Populasi penelitian yang juga merupakan sampel penelitian ialah para pedagang pasar peterongan Jombang, dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin sehingga sampel yang diperoleh adalah 100 responden. Dan teknik analisis data secara derkriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan model Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, Pendapatan pedagang pasar tradisional Peterongan cukup meningkat dan stabil sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari dan menopang perekonomian para pedagang dan pendapatan pedagang juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain semakin banyak pelanggan tetap dan juga senakin ramainya konsumen yang berbelanja di pasar Peterongan. Pandemi covid 19 memberikan dampak yang sangat serius, pendapatan pedagang pasar tradisional Peterongan Jombang mengalami penurunan yang sangat drastis hingga mencapai 70%-80% dari 65 responden yang di alami oleh pedagang dan membuat penutupan pasar. Adanya peningkatan pendapatan di era new normal yang di alami oleh 65 pedagang mencapai 40% dibandingkan masa pandemi covid 19.
Assessment of Natural Fruit Ripening and Fruit Quality of Three Elite Durian Cultivars for Overland Export
Authors: Wiangsamut Bancha , Wiangsamut Maria Evangeline Loyola
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to assess the natural fruit ripening duration, fruit quality, and consumer preference of 3 elite durian cultivars-‘Monthong’, ‘Musang King’, and ‘Ocee’-after harvest. From the day of harvest at maturity stage until the second day of the fresh fruits emitted aroma; ‘Monthong’ took 9 days for full ripening measured by the natural fruit ripening duration value significantly (p < 0.05) longer by 4 days than of ‘Musang King’ and ‘Ocee’. This value indicated that the longer ripening duration, the longer storage life was. The flesh weight, percentage of flesh weight, and flesh thickness most significantly influenced fruit quality. ‘Monthong’ had significantly higher flesh weight, percentage of flesh weight, and thicker flesh (p < 0.05) than ‘Musang King’ and ‘Ocee’. A questionnaire and interview guide were used to compare the sensory qualities (flesh smell and flesh taste) of the durian cultivars by 50 Thai consumers through smelling (mild, moderate, strong) and eating the flesh. Consumer preference was determined by eating the flesh and smelling each cultivar by the same 50 consumers and then chose the durian cultivar they mostly prefer. Consequently, consumers mostly preferred ‘Monthong’ (54 %) over ‘Musang King’ (28 %) and ‘Ocee’ (18 %) due to its mild aroma, mildly sweet taste, crispy but soft golden-yellow flesh. In conclusion, the significantly longer natural fruit ripening duration (or long storage life) of ‘Monthong’ plus its higher flesh weight, higher percentage of flesh weight, more flesh thickness, and consumers’ high preference are good indicators of its export quality-suitable for shipping fresh overland especially to China, top importer of Thailand. ‘Musang King’ and ‘Ocee’ had short ripening duration (or short storage life); ergo, poor export quality. Shipping by land, sea, and air, including packaging technology development, should then be studied further for the benefit of export market.
HIGHLIGHTS

The natural fruit ripening duration of ‘Monthong’ cultivar was significantly longer than ‘Musang King’ and ‘Ocee’
The longer storage life of ‘Monthong’ cultivar, due to its higher flesh weight, percentage of flesh weight, and flesh thickness, is a good indicator of an export quality suitable for shipping fresh fruit overland
By means of smelling and eating the durian flesh by 50 Thai consumers, ‘Monthong’ was recorded to be the most preferred cultivar due to its mild aroma, mildly sweet taste, crispy outer but soft inner and golden-yellow colored flesh

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Decision Making for Business Growth
Authors: Vidya Chandgude  , Bharati Kawade
Published: March 2023

Necessity is the mother of invention. Artificial Intelligence is playing key role in the decision making of business growth. The paper discusses about the impacts of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in the business decision making. Due to rapid change and advancement in the technology, there is impact of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on businesses and global economy. Companies are using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning by taking more interest in their respective sector. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are helping them to make their products and services more intelligent for the business growth. Literature review of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning related research paper is done that discussed the impact of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for business growth and improvement. Various applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in different domains are discussed. The literature review shows that Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning have impacted human life quality and business growth. If decision makers wish to make benefits of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for their businesses, they have to understand different Artificial Intelligence techniques and Machine Learning tools. They must focus on careful analysis of the risks and initial investment to avoid some common problems. It will help them to create value for their businesses.
Anais do I EnCUCA: I Simpósio Internacional de Pesquisa e XVI Encontro de Iniciação Científica do UniCEUB
Authors: Brasília UniCEUB
Published: March 2023

O I EnCUCA, que reúne o I Simpósio Internacional de Pesquisa e o XVI Encontro de Iniciação Científica do UniCEUB, foi promovido pela Pró-Reitoria Acadêmica e pela Diretoria Acadêmica do UniCEUB com apoio financeiro da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa - FAP/DF. As atividades foram realizadas nos dias 4, 5 e 6 de outubro de 2018, nos três turnos, em auditórios e espaços do campus da Asa Norte e do campus II de Taguatinga, do UniCEUB, no Distrito Federal.
Dizer a verdade patológica de si. A injunção ontológica dirigida aos sem-abrigo
Authors: Aldeia João
Published: March 2023

Partindo da leitura da obra seminal de Michel Foucault, Du gouvernement des vivants, este texto discute o modo como, no modelo societal moderno ocidental, as práticas de intervenção sobre a vida na rua exigem que cada sujeito sem-abrigo enuncie, de forma repetida, a falha ontológica (e.g., doença ou deficiência mental, preguiça, alcoolismo, toxicodependência) que, supostamente, o faz viver na rua e mostre a sua disposição para a corrigir, transformando o seu íntimo errado sob a orientação de outrem. No modelo dominante de intervenção sobre a vida na rua, a ressubjetivação é considerada como a única solução possível para a saída da rua e esta transformação íntima é indissociável da exigência de que cada sujeito sem-abrigo diga a verdade de si. Contudo, na vida na rua, estas enunciações de si mesmo não assumem a forma de injunções biográficas pois, em rigor, o acesso a uma biografia consequente é negado aos sem-abrigo. Antes, ao ser-lhe exigido que exponha seu íntimo, cada sem-abrigo recebe uma injunção ontológica para enunciar a verdade do seu erro íntimo elementar, erro esse que nunca poderá superar totalmente, mas que deve se mostrar disposto a, resilientemente e sem uma possibilidade significativa de sucesso, corrigir.
Como se faz uma tese... descolonizada
Authors: Mendonça André Luis Oliveira , Figueiredo Nilcéia Nascimento
Published: March 2023

Partindo da constatação de que mesmo as dissertações e teses defendidas nos programas de pós-graduação em ciências sociais e humanas em geral, bem como especificamente na subárea de ciências sociais e humanas dos programas de saúde coletiva, são cada vez mais padronizadas de acordo com o modelo IMRaD (Introdução, Materiais ou Métodos, Resultados e Discussão) e com os “bons conselhos” de Umberto Eco dados no seu livro Como se faz uma tese, nós aqui defendemos a tese da diversidade e pluralidade das formas de escrita acadêmica/científica, procurando resgatar aquelas que caíram em desuso (e.g.: cartas e diálogos) e incentivar a proliferação daquelas que estão em pleno florescimento (e.g.: escrevivências e relatos de si). Visando a sermos coerentes com a nossa própria proposta, nós nos valemos de um amálgama de gêneros ao longo das seções do texto, dialogando criticamente com a literatura dita especializada sobre a temática. Para realizar esse intento a contento, a premissa que nos guiará será a da interdisciplinaridade entre ciências sociais, humanidades e literatura.
Modernidade eurocêntrica idealizada no crivo da crítica Pós-Colonial
Authors: Zimmermann Clóvis Roberto
Published: March 2023

Esse artigo tece reflexões sobre o uso do conceito "moderno" na América Latina, que comumente está associado à evolução espacial e temporal da Europa Ocidental e América do Norte. Em virtude disso essa interpretação envolve uma concepção idealizada e evolucionista da modernidade, que se encontra fora da região ou, se dentro da América Latina, em algum momento no futuro. A consequência disso é que o conceito de modernidade tende a ser útil na descrição e prescrição de um possível futuro da América Latina, não o seu presente. O objetivo desse artigo é problematizar o conceito de modernidade, importado e associado ao paradigma evolucionista, destacando as perspectivas críticas e alternativas do debate latino-americano, cuja contribuição traz novas e instigantes descobertas. Ao final traz a sugestão de utilizar tipos ideais de modernidade na América Latina, visando transgredir a ideia de singularidade e de uniformidades.
ANALISIS NUTRISI NUGGET AYAM HASIL SUBSTANSI TEPUNG AMPAS TAHU KELURAHAN ASAM KUMBANG
Authors: Dalimunthe Nur Asyiah , Karima Wardani Dwika , Ade Sahfitra Angga
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian Analisis Nutrisi Nugget Ayam Hasil Substansi Tepung Ampas Tahu Kelurahan Asam Kumbang adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan % nutrisi nugget ayam hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu yaitu kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar air, kadar abu dna kadar karbohidrat. Ampas tahu yang digunakan unuk dijadikan tepung berasal dari usaha rumahan pembuatan tahu dan tempe di Kelurahan Asam Kumbang Kelurahan. Substansi Tepung Ampas Tahu yang digunakan yaitu 0%, 10%, 30%, 50% dan 70%.

Kadar protein pada nugget ayam hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu kelurahan Asam Kumbang 0% , 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% adalah 6,12%, 9,51%, 11,09%, 12,78%, 1402%. Kadar lemak pada nugget ayam hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu kelurahan Asam Kumbang 0% , 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% adalah 15,12%, 12,15%, 9,35%, 7,71%, 5,79%. Kadar air pada nugget ayam hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu kelurahan Asam Kumbang 0% , 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% adalah 5.07%, 7,49%, 9,02%, 10,88%, 12,55%. Kadar abu pada nugget ayam hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu kelurahan Asam Kumbang 0% , 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% adalah 1,77%, 1,67%, 1,31%, 1,10%, 0,90%. Kadar karbohidrat pada nugget ayam hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu kelurahan Asam Kumbang 0% , 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% adalah 25,54%, 28,67%, 33,75%, 37,11%, 40,51%.

Penggunaan hasil substansi tepung ampas tahu sebagai bahan utama pembuatan nugget ayam pada substansi 30 % dan 50% memiliki kandungan nutrisi berupa kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar air, kadar abu dan kadar protein sesuai dengan SNI 01-6683 2022 Syarat Mutu Nugget Ayam dalam 100 g sampel dan layak dan baik unuk dikonsumsi sebagai bahan makanan cemilan ang memiliki gizi ang cukup
Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening Practices in the United States and Mexico
Authors: Maria F Valdez  , Jessica R. Stewart  , Ruth Crutchfield  , Wan-Lin Chang  , Ralph Carlson
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore screening practices for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Mexico and the United States (U.S.).

Methods: Data from a larger study exploring the knowledge, screening, and diagnostic practices of healthcare practitioners from Mexico and the U.S. was used for the current study. The original survey was created by experts in ASD and consisted of 63 questions: 15 demographic questions, 20 questions relating to knowledge of ASD, 11 questions relating to screening practices, and 17 questions relating to diagnostic practices. All surveys were completed by professionals engaging in the screening and diagnosis of ASD. For this study, a total of thirty- five survey responses for the screening portion of the survey (30 from the U.S. and 5 from Mexico) were explored. Qualitative data and descriptive statistics were utilized.

Results: Many of the responses relating to screening practices from professionals practicing in Mexico and the U.S. were consistent with best practice guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Mexican Public Health Guide. Furthermore, many similarities were found in the screening practices of professionals from both countries. Differences in screening practices reported by professionals from Mexico and the U.S. were found in the type of professional involved in the screening process and professional referrals after a failed ASD screening. Additionally, some professionals from both the U.S. and Mexico reported the use of inappropriate screening tools, and the average age reportedly screened was much higher than the current recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics (Hyman et al., 2020).

Conclusion: An understanding of the screening practices currently being used in Mexico and the U.S. provides both researchers and clinicians with a better understanding of what is being implemented by different professionals. This study identified areas of strength and areas of weaknesses in the screening process for ASD in both countries. These results can now be used in future studies and programs targeting improved screening processes in Mexico in the U.S. Improved screening processes are important because of the potential to result in an earlier age of diagnosis of ASD and provision of services at a younger age. The latter of which is associated with better outcomes for children with ASD.

Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, screening, Mexico, United States.
Capsanthin supplementation modulates the immune response in broiler chickens underEscherichia colilipopolysaccharide challenge
Authors: Csernus Brigitta , Szabó Csaba , Knop Renáta , Kidane Reda Gebrehaweria , Ndunguru Sawadi Fransisco , Gulyás Gabriella , Ozsváth Xénia Erika , Czeglédi Levente
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Due to the legislation of antibiotic usage, natural substances are required for application in the poultry industry. Because of their potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, carotenoids are great sources. Capsanthin, a major carotenoid giving the red color of pepper, is a promising feed additive, as it can reduce chronic inflammation. This study was conducted to determine the effects of capsanthin supplementation at 80 mg kg−1 in feed on the immune response of broiler chickens under Escherichia coli O55:B5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Ross 308 male broilers were divided into treatments: control (basal diet) and feed-supplemented groups. At 42 d of age, chickens were weighed and then challenged with 1 mg LPS per kilogram of body weight intraperitoneally. Four hours after injection, birds were euthanized, and then spleen and blood samples were collected. Capsanthin supplement at 80 mg kg−1 did not change the growth parameters and the relative spleen weight. LPS immunization resulted in higher splenic interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA expressions. Capsanthin addition reached lower gene expression levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ compared to the LPS-injected birds. At plasma level, dietary capsanthin resulted in lower IL-1β and IL-6 levels. These results may indicate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of capsanthin supplementation in broiler chickens.
Introducing a Comprehensive Set of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Strategies
Authors: Zhang Yan , MacMartin Douglas G. , Visioni Daniele , Bednarz Ewa , Kravitz Ben
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) comes with a wide range of possible design choices, such as the location and timing of the injection. Different injection strategies can yield different climate responses; therefore, making informed future decisions on SAI requires an understanding of the range of possible climate outcomes. Yet to date, there has been no systematic exploration of a comprehensive set of SAI strategies. This limits the ability to determine which effects are robust across different strategies and which depend on specific injection choices, or to determine if there are underlying trade-offs between different climate goals. This study systematically explores how the choice of SAI strategy affects climate responses. Here, we introduce four hemispherically-symmetric injection strategies, all of which are designed to maintain the same global mean surface temperature: an annual injection at the equator (EQ), an annual injection of equal amounts of SO2 at 15° N and 15° S (15N+15S), an annual injection of equal amounts of SO2 at 30° N and 30° S (30N+30S), and a polar injection strategy that injects equal amounts of SO2 at 60° N and 60° S only during spring in each hemisphere (60N+60S). We compare these four hemispherically-symmetric SAI strategies with a more complex injection strategy that injects different quantities of SO2 at 30° N, 15° N, 15° S, and 30° S in order to maintain not only the global mean surface temperature but also its large scale horizontal gradients. We find that the choice of SAI strategy notably affects the spatial distribution of aerosol optical depths, injection efficiency, and various surface climate responses. Among other findings, we show that injecting in subtropics produces more global cooling per unit injection, with the EQ and the 60N+60S cases requiring, respectively, 59 % and 50 % more injection than the 30N+30S case to meet the same global mean temperature target. Injecting at higher latitudes results in larger equator-to-pole temperature gradients. While all five strategies restore September Arctic sea ice, the high-latitude injection one is more effective due to the SAI-induced cooling occurring preferentially at higher latitudes.
MALARIA VACCINE: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: OPHORI E. A. , OKOJIE R. O. , OGBIMI A. O.
Published: March 2023

Malaria over the years has been a great scourge to mankind. It is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan of the genus Plasmodium which is transmitted by several species of Anopheles mosquitoes. It is basically a disease of the tropics and is endemic in Nigeria. Drugs are available for treatment but the risk of malaria is worsened by drug resistance developed by these parasites and this has become a source of serious concern and has led to the development of new drugs and treatment regimens. An effective malaria vaccine would be a valuable tool to reduce the disease burden and could contribute to the elimination of malaria in some regions of the world. Current malaria vaccine candidates are directed against human and mosquito stages of the parasite lifecycle, but thus far, relatively few proteins have been studied for potential vaccine development. The most advanced vaccine candidate RTS/SAS01 conferred partial protection against malaria in phase II clinical trials and is currently being evaluated in a phase III in Africa. A better understanding of the mechanisms of naturally acquired immunity to malaria may lead to the insights for vaccine development.