bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Sikap Salafi dalam Praktek Keagamaan: Studi Komparatif di Media Sosial
Authors: Maimanah Maimanah , Nor’ainah Nor’ainah , Khatimah Husnul , Basrian Basrian
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali konsep toleransi dalam kalangan jamaah Salafi, NU, dan Muhammadiyah untuk memahami dinamika hubungan antarumat beragama di Indonesia. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber terkait konsep toleransi dalam Islam, khususnya pada tiga kelompok tersebut. Analisis data menunjukkan perbedaan sikap toleransi: Salafi cenderung tegas dan terbatas, menekankan pemurnian ajaran Islam serta menolak praktek bid'ah. Sebaliknya, NU dan Muhammadiyah menunjukkan sikap lebih inklusif, fleksibel, dan moderat, menerima tradisi lokal dan mempromosikan pemahaman Islam yang inklusif serta berkemajuan. Perbedaan ini mencerminkan pendekatan yang berbeda dalam memahami dan mengamalkan ajaran Islam, mempengaruhi interaksi antarumat beragama di masyarakat. Kesimpulannya, Salafi, NU, dan Muhammadiyah memiliki sikap toleransi yang beragam, mencerminkan kompleksitas pemahaman dan penerapan konsep toleransi dalam Islam.
Pengembangan Model Bermain Musik Ritmis Lengdokber untuk Membangun Karakter Disiplin Peserta Didik
Authors: Nurwadi Nurwadi , Basukiyatno Basukiyatno , Maufur Maufur
Published: September 2024

Pembelajaran musik ritmis lengdokber merupakan salah satu media dalam upaya membangun karakter disiplin peserta didik yang terjadi di sekolah. Melalui Pendekatan kualitatif fakta-fakta diperoleh dan menjadi data yang dibutuhkan dengan melakukan observasi langsung , wawancara dengan nara sumber, dan observasi kelas, untuk mendapatkan laporan yang akurat dalam penelitian. Adapun implementasi pembelajaran musik ritmis lengdokber tersebut masih mengalami kendala-kendala dalam praktek langsung oleh peserta didik yang disebabkan kurangnya pemahaman tentang wawasan alat musik dan birama dalam teori musik yang dipelajari selama ini. Pada penelitian ini difokuskan dengan pengembangan karakter disiplin diri dalam pembelajaran seni musik di SD Negeri Capar Kecamatan Jatinegara Kabupaten Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024 , melalui kegiatan bermain musik ritmis lengdokber . Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif . Subyek penelitiannya adalah peserta didik yang masih duduk di kelas IV, V, dan VI yang belum disiplin. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Prosedur pengumpulan data melalui tahap persiapan dan pelaksanaan. Analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan analisi Nvivo. Kesimpulan penelitian ini , peserta didik yang terlibat dalam bermain musik ritmis lengdokber dalam pembelajaran seni musik menjadi lebih disiplin akibat dari kegiatan yang diikutinya. Disiplin yang didapatkan peserta didik ditingkatkan melalui komunikasi yang efektif, penegakan aturan sekolah dan peningkatan pemahaman tentang materi yang dipelajarinya.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) terhadap Hasil Belajar Dribble Bola Basket
Authors: Rahman Ali , Juniarisca Dwi Lorry , Kartiko Dwi Cahyo , Prakoso Bayu Budi
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui upaya dan seberapa besar pengaruh yang diperoleh siswa dari hasil belajar dribble bola basket dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe team games tournament (TGT). Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan eksperimen murni, desain penelitian randomized control group pretest-pottest. Instrumen penelitian adalah tes pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Penentuan sampel menggunakan cluster random sampling mengambil 2 kelas yaitu kelas VIII-D sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII-E sebagai kelas kontrol. Dari hasil uji nonparametrik pada uji wilcoxon kedua kelompok sama-sama mengalami peningkatan. Dari hasil uji mann-whitney terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar tes pengetahuan dan keterampilan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Pada hasil uji N-gain dapat dilihat peningkatan pada kelas eksperimen baik tes pengetahuan atau keterampilan adalah 17.56% dan 17.48%. Sedangkan pada kelas kontrol peningkatan yang didapat pada tes pengetahuan diperoleh 7.52% dan keterampilan 5.95%. Disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe team games tournament (TGT) terhadap hasil belajar dribble bola basket.
Upaya Ayah Tunggal dalam Memberikan Pendidikan Seks Untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Khoirunnisa Alifah , Romadona Nur Faizah
Published: September 2024

Seiring dengan meningkatnya kasus kekerasan dan pelecehan seksual terhadap anak, pendidikan seks seks sangat perlu diberikan sejak dini. Sebagai upaya agar tidak terjadinya kekerasan dan pelecehan seksual terhadap anak. Terdapat beberapa kondisi yang menjadikan seorang ayah harus bertanggung jawab dalam membesarkan anak. oleh karena itu ayah memiliki tanggung jawab untuk memberikan pendidikan seks untuk anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran ayah tunggal dalam memberikan pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini, bagaimana cara ayah tunggal memberikan pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini dan apa saja hambatan dan solusi yang dilakukan oleh ayah tunggal dalam memberikan pendidikan anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Sistematik Review, dimana peneliti mengumpulkan dan mengolah berbagai sumber dalam artikel, buku dan dokumen dalam berbagai format mengenai Upaya ayah tunggal dalam memberikan pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini.
Pemenuhan Hak Pendidikan AUD oleh Orang Tua Leles Minyak di Ranto Peureulak
Authors: Abda Maulizahra , Amelia Lina
Published: September 2024

Hak pendidikan anak menjadi bagian dari tanggung jawab orang tua yang wajib dipenuhi. Kondisi di Ranto Peureulak ditemukan ada orang tua leles minyak melibatkan anaknya untuk ikut mereka dalam kegiatan leles minyak dari pagi sampai sore. Ini menjadi indicator bahwa pemenuhan hak pendidikan anak belum terpenuhi secara maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran pemenuhan hak pendidikan anak oleh orang tua leles minyak di Ranto Peureulak serta mengetahui cara mereka memenuhi hak pendidikan anaknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik studi kasus. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling dengan syarat orang tua yang bekerja sebagai leles minyak dan memiliki anak usia 3-6 tahun. Populasinya terdiri dari 10 orang tua leles minyak. Sampel yang saya teliti sebanyak 5 orang tua leles minyak. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menggambarkan hak pendidikan anak usia dini yang telah dipenuhi oleh orang tua leles minyak di Ranto Peureulak itu masih sebatas pendidikan di rumah seperti mengaji, menghafal surah-surah pendek, dan mengenal bilangan dan huruf. Cara mereka memenuhi hak endidikan anak mereka dirumah dengan cara orang tua langsung mengajarkan anak mengaji, mengajarkan anak menghafal surah-surah pendek, mereka mengajarkan baca tulis pada anak dengan cara mengenalkan huruf dan bilangan, artinya orang tua belum maksimal dalam pemenuhan endidik sesuai dengan tuntutan Agama Islam maupun  tuntutan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak nomor 23 tahun 2002.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah orang tua leles minyak hanya baru mamu memenuhi kebutuhan endidikan anak dirumah dan baru sebatas endidikan informal dan belum mampu untuk memenuhi hak Pendidikan anaknya untuk jalur nonformal dan formal
Implementing Design Thinking for UI/UX Optimization: Insights from PT. Asuransi Simas Jiwa
Authors: Rahayu Vivi , Kurniawati Ika , Amsury Fachri , Heriyanto Heriyanto
Published: September 2024

PT Asuransi Simas Jiwa is one of the companies that has implemented a fairly good information system in carrying out business processes. Siji Sales Force is a website-based information system used by Sales Agents to create, design and manage digital marketing activities. Based on the data collection results, it is known that several problems with the Siji Sales Force Web include shortcomings in terms of the appearance and functionality of the website. Based on observations of the features in the report menu, errors often occur and there has been no evaluation from the relevant parties. This research aims to provide recommendations for UI/UX design on the Siji Sales Force Website based on the results of analysis using the Design Thinking method. Design Thinking is an approach or method of problem solving both cognitively, creatively and practically to answer human needs as users. Design recommendations are built in prototype form using the Figma application. The prototype that was built was tested for usability using the System Usability Scale (SUS), obtaining a score of category B or "Good" which indicates that the prototype design meets acceptable requirements or is declared acceptable by interested parties. Based on the test results, the design redesign was acceptable and considered effective, so it is hoped that the design created can become a recommendation for the system development team to improve the Siji Sales Force website.
Implementation Of Decision Tree Algorithm For Classification Of Eligibility In Social Assistance Fund Distribution
Authors: Mandasari Raden Deasy , Hartana Hartana
Published: September 2024

This study examined the use of decision tree algorithms, specifically C4.5, in classifying the eligibility for social assistance fund distribution in Kelurahan Bangka Belitung Laut, Kecamatan Pontianak Tenggara. Inaccuracies in distribution were caused by recipient selection based on village officials' recommendations, which only considered the type of occupation. To address this issue, this study developed a system based on the C4.5 algorithm to process economic census data. This research used a quantitative method with a descriptive analytical approach, collecting data through literature studies and economic census, and processing data using the Rapid Miner application. The classification model generated was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation to ensure high accuracy. The results showed that the C4.5 algorithm achieved 100% accuracy, precision, and recall. The decision tree model indicated that the main attributes determining eligibility were occupation and income. Some rules derived from this model, such as those who are unemployed with an income below Rp29,500 being eligible for assistance, provided clear guidelines for policymakers. The implementation of this algorithm is expected to improve fairness and effectiveness in the distribution of social assistance funds in Kelurahan Bangka Belitung Laut, reduce public dissatisfaction, and prevent potential social conflicts. This study recommended adopting the model in other areas with adjustments to local data to enhance broader fairness in aid distribution.
Consequences of Misclassification in Data Categorization for Tourism Attraction Recommendation DSS Using ARAS
Authors: Mahendra Gede Surya , Hendrayana I Gede
Published: September 2024

This research focuses on optimizing tourism attraction management in Bali using DSS and the ARAS method, emphasizing the importance of accurate data categorization. Bali’s tourism industry, faced significant challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for effective management strategies. This study addresses these challenges by utilizing the ARAS method to analyze and rank tourist attractions. The research methodology follows the CRISP-DM model. The study demonstrates that improper use of conversion scales for quantitative data can lead to inaccurate rankings, as seen when comparing converted and non-converted data rankings. Alter01, Alter03, and Alter02 occupy the top three ranks in the non-converted data, while Alter09, Alter06, and Alter15 rank highest in the converted data. These findings highlight the need to use precise numerical values for criteria whenever possible and to reserve conversion scales for qualitative data, to ensure accurate and reliable recommendations. ARAS has a simple and easy-to-understand computational procedure. However, the results from ARAS heavily depend on the weights assigned to the criteria. Inaccurate determination of these weights can lead to outcomes that do not reflect actual preferences. The research concludes that implementing more refined data categorization techniques can enhance tourism management, promoting sustainable growth and more informed decision-making.
AI in Dermatology: A Systematic Review on Skin Cancer Detection
Authors: Andromeda Safrian , Dwijaksara Ni Luh Bella
Published: September 2024

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide and poses a significant public health challenge. Its visible nature often leads individuals to seek medical attention, highlighting the importance of early detection for better patient outcomes. In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown promise in improving the detection and diagnosis of skin cancer, offering the potential to enhance clinical outcomes. A systematic review was conducted, involving a comprehensive literature search to identify studies focused on AI techniques in detecting, diagnosing, or treating skin cancer. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to assess the eligibility of scientific articles, resulting in the selection of nine relevant studies. These studies were analyzed to address predefined research questions about the effectiveness of AI in diagnosing skin cancer. The review found that AI-assisted clinicians achieved higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing skin cancer than those without assistance. Various AI algorithms demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting skin cancers, highlighting their potential to support primary care clinicians in evaluating suspicious lesions. The analysis also highlighted the effectiveness of smartphone applications designed for skin cancer risk assessment, which could facilitate self-examinations and enhance early detection rates. Despite these promising findings, the field of AI in skin cancer diagnosis is still in its early stages. Challenges remain, including developing robust algorithms, addressing data quality issues, and improving the interpretability of AI-generated results. Collaboration between AI developers and healthcare professionals is crucial to ensure these tools' clinical effectiveness and safety. The review emphasizes the need for continued validation of AI technologies and their integration into clinical practice to improve patient outcomes and alleviate the burden on healthcare systems.
Analysis of Project Delays in the Verification of Domestic Component Level Utilization in Goods and Services Procurement in Cilacap
Authors: Muhammad Herdikma , Nusraningrum Dewi
Published: September 2024

This research is designed to analyze the factors causing delays in the verification project of Domestic Component Level (TKDN) usage in goods and services procurement in Cilacap and to provide improvement suggestions to PT XYZ. According to data from PT XYZ, the TKDN Verification project in Cilacap was only 72% complete by the set deadline, with 28% of the contracts completed outside the specified timeframe. The method used in this study is DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, & Control), which involves analysis using fishbone diagrams, 5 why analysis, Pareto charts, and the 5W+1H technique. The main factors causing delays are the availability of documents, verifiers, technology systems, external factors, process documentation, and internal communication processes. Alternatives to resolve the delays in the TKDN Verification Project in Cilacap include adding manpower, a checklist for document requirements, using the system, upgrading outdated laptops for each personnel, and conducting regular coordination meetings for each verification activity.
National Programmes Related to Child Health
Authors: H.S Iyshwarya
Published: September 2024

There are many national health programmes which are been designed for new borns as well as childrens also in India, namely, PROMOTION OF ZINC AND ORS NSSK- NAVAJAAT SHISHU SURAKSHA KARYAKRAMA ICDS - INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES UPI - UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION PROGAMME JANANI SHISHU SURAKSHA KARYAKRAMA RBSK – RASHTRIYA BALA SWASTHYA KARYAKRAMA RKSK - RASHTRIYA KISHOR SWASTHYA KARYAKRAMA MISSION INDRADHANUSH JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA NATIONAL DEWORMING DAY, These schemes helps in promotion and safe guard the health of newborns, neonates, infants, toddlers, childrens and adolescents. These programmes also helps in uplifment of health of pregnant women and feeding mothers. If the nutrition level of the pregnant women is uplifted then there will be no severe acute malnutrition in the children. If there is no severe acute malnutrition in the children then the immunity of the children will be stable. If the immunity level is under stable then no diseases in children thus the nation will be healthy.
A Comparative Study to Appraise the Level of Behavioural Problems of Preschool Children with Employed and Unemployed Progenitor in the Selected Rural Area of Salem
Authors: T Hemalatha.
Published: September 2024

Background: Preschool children exhibit deviated behavior from the normal behavior as expressed by mothers was assessed by using Modified Lenore Behar Preschool Behavioural rating scale, which will be categorized in to Temper tantrum, Speech disorder, Sleep disorder, eating habits, Pollex sucking, Onychophagia, Bed-wetting, Encopresis, Emotional stability, School refusal, Self-care activities and Social behavior.  Method: The study was applied descriptive research design. The researcher decided on 60 samples through convenience sampling technique, in which 30 were work in female parent and 30 samples were workless in female parent of nursery kid. Modified Lenore Behar Preschool Behavioural rating scale were used to gather the data. The appliances consist of two portion, division I: demographic variables of mother, division II: Modified Lenore Behar Prekindergarten Behavioural rating scale which include speech problem, sleep problem, eating habit, temper tantrum, thumb sucking, nail biting, self- help, encopresis, encopresis, school refusal, and social factor. Inferential statistics and descriptive statistics were utilized to assemble data.  Result: The findings stated that, the level of behavioural among 30 samples of employed mothers, 3(10%) had preschool children with Mild behavioural problems, 23(77%) had nipper with Moderate behavioural problems and 4(13%) of the samples had nipper with Severe behavioural problems and among. The 30 samples of unemployed mothers, 22(73%) had preschool children with Mild behavioural problems, 6(20%) had nursery school with Moderate habitual problems and 2(7%) of the samples had crèche with Severe habitual problems.  Conclusion: This study examined the prevalence of behavioral issues in nipper of work in female parent versus workless in female parent. The results indicated that preschoolers with employed mothers exhibited more behavioural problem compared to those with unemployed mothers. The research topic is important issue in the society for identifying the behavioral problem, the preschool children are the future wellbeing of the world So, it is necessary to aware the parent to prevent the behavioural problem of preschool children by treatment, psychological counseling and health education.
The Effect of Helicobacter Pylori on Liver Function Using the New Urea Breath Test Technique
Authors: Sacheat H K , Esaa A A , Abdulhadi F S
Published: September 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a dangerous bacteria that is known to colonize the abdominal mucosa in humans. Infection with H. pylori is enormously conventional worldwide; the micro organism influences up to 90% of grownup populations in creating countries. Besides gastric problems, severa latest investigations have confirmed the correlation between H. pylori infection and different illnesses like hematologic, ophthalmologic, dermatologic, neurologic, and hepatobiliary. According to some indicators, the liver is one of the organs may additionally also be affected with the aid of H. pylori; however, it is but unknown how exactly the contamination impacts the liver and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The effects was once fantastically enormous lver features in serum of patient groups (P) in contrast to control group (C) (p<0.001), Meanwhile, there had been no giant differences located between male and girl in all studies groups. And Urea Breath Test in Breath in all groups is presented. Patients' groups shows highly significant increase when compared to control group (p<0.001).
Integrated Sequence Stratigraphic and Seismic Facies Analysis for Hydrocarbon Prospectivity of the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
Authors: B. I. Odoh, , C. V. Ahaneku, , O. G. Ozoemena, , M. Ochili, , D.O. Anomneze, , C.F. Ejeke, , K.I. Chima, , S. Nweze, , C.V. Ojinna, , E.K. Boma,
Published: September 2024

This study analyses the hydrocarbon potential and basin characteristics of the Taranaki Basin in New Zealand, the country's primary petroleum-producing region. The research, which uses a robust methodology involving 2D seismic data, well logs, and other geological information, examines the basin's stratigraphy, structural features, and petroleum systems. Key findings include the identification of two genetic sequences with associated system tracts, multiple reservoir and source rock units, and both structural and stratigraphic trapping mechanisms. Seismic facies analysis revealed eight distinct facies types which characterize the depositional environments. Play fairway mapping identified sweet spots where all petroleum system elements overlap. Risk assessment highlighted factors like gas chimneys and fault-compromised seals. The study concludes by presenting the geologic chance of success for three identified plays and one prospect in different stratigraphic intervals. This comprehensive analysis provides new insights into the under-explored portions of the Taranaki Basin and its hydrocarbon potential. By enhancing the understanding of the basin's stratigraphic architecture and depositional history, this study aims to improve reservoir distribution and quality predictability. Moreover, integrating seismic facies analysis with sequence stratigraphy offers a robust tool for delineating potential hydrocarbon-bearing zones, thereby reducing exploration risk and aiding the efficient reassessment of existing prospective zones and future exploration efforts.
Searching for Neutral Hydrogen Escape from the 120 Myr Old Sub-Neptune HIP94235b using HST
Authors: Morrissey Ava , Zhou George , Huang Chelsea X. , Wright Duncan , Auger Caitlin , Rockcliffe Keighley E. , Newton Elisabeth R. , Rogers James G. , Gibson Neale , Lowson Nataliea , Mayorga L. C. , Wittenmyer Robert A.
Published: September 2024

HIP94235 b, a 120 Myr old sub-Neptune, provides us the unique opportunity to study mass loss at a pivotal stage of the system’s evolution: the end of a 100 Myr old phase of intense XUV irradiation. We present two observations of HIP94235 b using the Hubble Space Telescope’s Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph in the Lyα wavelength region. We do not observe discernible differences across either the blue and red wings of the Lyα line profile in and out of transit, and report no significant detection of outflowing neutral hydrogen around the planet. We constrain the rate of neutral hydrogen escaping HIP94235 b to an upper limit of 1013 gs−1, which remains consistent with energy-limited model predictions of 1011 gs−1. The Lyα nondetection is likely due to the extremely short photoionization timescale of the neutral hydrogen escaping the planet’s atmosphere. This timescale, approximately 15 minutes, is significantly shorter than that of any other planets with STIS observations. Through energy-limited mass loss models, we anticipate that HIP94235 b will transition into a super-Earth within a timescale of 1 Gyr.
iSHELL K-band Survey of Class I and Flat Spectrum Sources: Magnetic Field Measurements in the Protostellar Phase
Authors: Flores C. , Connelley M. S. , Reipurth B. , Boogert A. , Doppmann G.
Published: September 2024

We perform the first magnetic field strength survey of Class I and Flat Spectrum (FS) sources using K-band observations with iSHELL. We obtained new observations of 42 Class I and FS sources and additionally included 10 sources from the archive. We detect photospheric lines in 44 of the sources, in addition to Brγ, H2, and CO emission in several objects. We model the photospheric absorption lines of 32 Class I and FS sources and measure their magnetic field strengths, K-band temperatures, gravities, projected rotational velocities, and infrared veiling values. We put the physical properties of Class I and FS sources in context by comparing them to the values derived for a sample of Class II sources. We find that (a) the average magnetic field strength of Class I and FS sources 〈B〉 = 2.0 ± 0.15 kG is consistent with the average magnetic field strength of Class II sources 〈B〉 = 1.8 ± 0.15 kG, and (b) the average gravity of Class I and FS objects

log
g
=
3.43
±
0.07

is lower than the average gravity of Class II sources

log
g
=
3.75
±
0.04

, although there is significant overlap between both gravity distributions. Furthermore, using stellar evolutionary models, we deduce that Class I and FS sources have a median age of ∼0.6 Myr, and are, as a group, younger than the Class II stars with a median age of ∼3 Myr. Our results confirm that Class I and FS sources host strong magnetic fields on their photospheres. Thus, it is likely that these sources accrete disk material through a magnetosphere similar to the more evolved T Tauri stars.
CloudFlex: A Flexible Parametric Model for the Small-scale Structure of the Circumgalactic Medium
Authors: Hummels Cameron B. , Rubin Kate H. R. , Schneider Evan E. , Fielding Drummond B.
Published: September 2024

We present CloudFlex, an open-source tool for predicting absorption-line signatures of cool gas in galaxy halos with small-scale structure. Motivated by analyses of ∼104 K material in hydrodynamical simulations of turbulent, multiphase media, we model cool gas structures as complexes of cloudlets sampled from a power-law distribution of mass

∝

m

cl

−
α

with velocities drawn from a turbulent velocity field. The user may specify α, the lower limit of the cloudlet mass distribution (

m

cl
,
min

), and several other parameters that set the mass, size, and velocity distribution of the complex. This permits investigation of the relation between these parameters and absorption-line observables. As a proof-of-concept, we calculate the Mg ii
λ2796 absorption induced by the cloudlets in background quasi-stellar object (QSO) spectra. We demonstrate that, at fixed metallicity, the covering fraction of sight lines with equivalent widths W
2796 < 0.3 Å increases significantly with decreasing

m

cl
,
min

, cloudlet number density (n
cl), and complex size. We then use this framework to predict the halo-scale W
2796 distribution around ∼L
* galaxies. We show that the observed incidences of W
2796 > 0.3 Å sight lines with impact parameters 10 kpc < R
⊥ < 50 kpc in projected QSO–galaxy studies are consistent with our model over much of parameter space. However, they are underpredicted by models with

m

cl
,
min

≥
100

M

⊙

and n
cl ≥ 0.03 cm−3, in keeping with a picture in which the inner cool circumgalactic medium (CGM) is dominated by numerous low-mass cloudlets (m
cl ≲ 100M
⊙) with a volume filling factor ≲1%. When used to model absorption-line data sets built from multi-sight line and/or spatially extended background probes, CloudFlex enables detailed constraints on the size and velocity distributions of structures comprising the photoionized CGM.
JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy of the Remarkable Bright Galaxy GHZ2/GLASS-z12 at Redshift 12.34
Authors: Castellano Marco , Napolitano Lorenzo , Fontana Adriano , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Treu Tommaso , Vanzella Eros , Zavala Jorge A. , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Calabrò Antonello , Llerena Mario , Mascia Sara , Merlin Emiliano , Paris Diego , Pentericci Laura , Santini Paola , Bakx Tom J. L. C. , Bergamini Pietro , Cupani Guido , Dickinson Mark , Filippenko Alexei V. , Glazebrook Karl , Grillo Claudio , Kelly Patrick L. , Malkan Matthew A. , Mason Charlotte A. , Morishita Takahiro , Nanayakkara Themiya , Rosati Piero , Sani Eleonora , Wang Xin , Yoon Ilsang
Published: September 2024

We spectroscopically confirm the M
UV = −20.5 mag galaxy GHZ2/GLASS-z12 to be at redshift z = 12.34. The source was selected via NIRCam photometry in GLASS-JWST Early Release Science data, providing the first evidence of a surprising abundance of bright galaxies at z ≳ 10. The NIRSpec PRISM spectrum shows detections of N iv, C iv, He ii, O iii, C iii, O ii, and Ne iii lines and the first detection at high redshift of the O iii Bowen fluorescence line at 3133 Å rest frame. The prominent C iv line with rest-frame equivalent width (EW) ≈ 46 Å puts GHZ2 in the category of extreme C iv emitters. GHZ2 displays UV lines with EWs that are only found in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) or composite objects at low/intermediate redshifts. The UV line-intensity ratios are compatible with both AGNs and star formation in a low-metallicity environment, with the low limit on the [Ne iv]/[N iv] ratio favoring a stellar origin of the ionizing photons. We discuss a possible scenario in which the high ionizing output is due to low-metallicity stars forming in a dense environment. We estimate a metallicity ≲0.1 Z/Z
⊙, a high ionization parameter log U > −2, a N/O abundance 4–5 times the solar value, and a subsolar C/O ratio similar to the recently discovered class of nitrogen-enhanced objects. Considering its abundance patterns and the high stellar mass density (104
M
⊙ pc−2), GHZ2 is an ideal formation site for the progenitors of today's globular clusters. The remarkable brightness of GHZ2 makes it a “Rosetta stone” for understanding the physics of galaxy formation within just 360 Myr after the Big Bang.
Nonideal Magnetohydrodynamic Instabilities in Protoplanetary Disks: Vertical Modes and Reflection Asymmetry
Authors: Wang Lile , Xu Sheng , Wang Zhenyu , Fang Min , Goodman Jeremy
Published: September 2024

Magnetized disk winds and wind-driven accretion are an essential and intensively studied dispersion mechanism of protoplanetary disks (PPDs). However, the stability of these mechanisms has yet to be adequately examined. This paper employs semi-analytic linear perturbation theories under nonideal magnetohydrodynamics, focusing on disk models whose magnetic diffusivities vary by a few orders of magnitude from the disk midplane to its surface. Linear modes are distinguished by their symmetry with respect to the midplane. These modes have qualitatively different growth rates: symmetric modes almost always decay, while at least one antisymmetric mode always has a positive growth rate. This growth rate decreases faster than the Keplerian angular velocity with cylindrical radius R in the disk and scales steeper than R
−5/2 in the fiducial disk model. The growth of antisymmetric modes breaks the reflection symmetry across the disk equatorial plane, and may occur even in the absence of the Hall effect. In the disk regions where fully developed antisymmetric modes occur, accretion flows appear only on one side of the disk, while disk winds occur only on the other. This may explain the asymmetry of some observed PPD outflows.
Ellipse-fitting in Mock Images of TNG50 Barred Galaxies
Authors: Gonçalves Gustavo F. , Machado Rubens E. G.
Published: September 2024

Recent studies have utilized the TNG50 simulation to explore barred galaxy morphology. The ellipse-fitting method is commonly used to assess properties of the isophotes in the central region of the disk. This work adapts the ellipse-fitting method to simulated images from TNG50, dealing with the issue of excessively pronounced ellipticities in central regions, whether in mass distribution maps or simulated radiative transfer images. To solve this problem, we introduce synthetic realism in the form of convolution with point spread functions, correcting the misbehavior in central ellipticities. These improvements simplify the application of ellipse-fitting to barred galaxies in the TNG50 simulation, enabling more accurate analysis of properties such as bar length and ellipticity, which would otherwise be more difficult to measure accurately. Thus, we conclude that when measuring shapes of simulated barred galaxies, one should apply realistic smoothing, otherwise the inner ellipticities will not be comparable to observations.
The natural diet of Prolatilus jugularis inhabiting Lessonia trabeculata kelp forests of south-central Chile
Authors: Gartenstein Simon , Fica-Rojas Eliseo , Pérez-Matus Alejandro , Godoy Natalio , Torres-Cañete Felipe , Valdivia Nelson
Published: September 2024

Kelp forests support species-rich food webs that predator-prey interactions may sustain. Here, we analyze prey availability and stomach contents of the predatory fish Prolatilus jugularis in an unexplored subtidal kelp forest of Lessonia trabeculata in south-central Chile. In the kelp forest, 42 invertebrate taxa and 1016 individuals were observed. In the diet of P. jugularis, 21 taxa and 130 individuals were identified. Crustacea, particularly amphipods, were the dominant and more frequent taxa in the kelp forest and stomach contents. Annelida and Mollusca were also present in the kelp forest and diets but were less abundant. We did not find a statistically significant correlation between kelp forest and stomach-content prey abundances and frequencies. Also, dominance structure significantly differed between kelps and stomach contents. Our results indicate that P. jugularis could feed in other habitats outside the survey area. Seven predatory fish were sampled in the kelp forest. Pinguipes chilensis was the dominant fish, with 65% of the total fish biomass, followed by P. jugularis with 20%.
An update on female sizes and body condition of nesting olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in La Escobilla Beach Sanctuary, Mexico
Authors: Buenrostro Silva Alejandra , Sánchez Nava Petra , García-Grajales Jesús , Ruiz Gómez María De Lourdes
Published: September 2024

Body condition (BC) can affect the reproductive output and hatchling survival of nesting olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea). However, little is known about the BC of nesting females during the arrival event at nesting sites. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the BC of females nesting in La Escobilla Beach Sanctuary (La Escobilla) during the 2021 nesting season. Nesting females were measured and weighed. The mean size for nesting L. olivacea was 60.41 ± 2.98 cm for straight carapace length, 52.69 ± 2.57 cm for straight carapace width, and 34.35 ± 3.94 kg for weight (n = 483). The mean (± standard deviation, SD) Fulton's/Bjorndal BC index estimated for nesting females was 1.54 ± 0.15, while the mean (± SD) of body mass index was 2.18 ± 0.23. Based on these indexes, 28 individuals were classified as in bad condition, 315 in good condition, and 19 in excellent condition. This first estimation of the olive ridley turtle body condition in a nesting colony showed that BC is a good body condition for most nesting females in La Escobilla. This study is a valuable baseline for nesting L. olivacea's health condition.
First report of Oreochromis niloticus in the Sonora River, Mexico
Authors: Castro-Longoria Reina , Martínez-Durazo Ángel , Minjarez-Osorio Christian , De la Re-Vega Enrique , Grijalva-Chon José Manuel
Published: September 2024

Commercial farming of tilapia species has been spread to many countries worldwide to meet the need for animal protein at an affordable price, which has led tilapias to invade natural areas. Consequently, tilapias have established wild populations, causing a great negative impact on native biodiversity. The Sonora River, located in northwest Mexico, has an approximate length of 400 km, and at least four native fish species inhabit it. Nevertheless, the Sonora River has been severely reduced and contaminated by open-pit mining. According to existing knowledge, the presence of tilapias is not reported in the Sonora River; hence, the present study is the first report of the presence of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in a site near the town of Baviácora, Sonora, Mexico. The presence of this invasive species may represent a severe threat to the biotic component of this ecosystem, which is already affected by mining pollution.
Les valeurs explicites et implicites dans la formation des enseignants
Authors: Simonneaux Jean
Published: September 2024

L’étude de la dimension affective des valeurs conduit à s’interroger sur les liens psychologiques existant entre les valeurs d’un sujet et ses motivations. Dépendant du contexte social comme on vient de le voir dans les chapitres précédents, les valeurs pourraient favoriser les motivations visant le développement psycho-logique ou au contraire activer des motivations pour le maintien du statu quo psychologique, ou pour régresser. L’explicitation des valeurs devient une étape incontournable pour pouvoir distinguer les motivations et les désirs qui permettent à un « sujet en devenir » de grandir de ceux qui s’y opposent. Cette distinction pourrait permettre au formateur d’identifier les valeurs véhiculées par le contexte social de la formation et de repérer celles qui servent les missions de l’École : former des citoyens autonomes et responsables (cf. B. O. de mai 1997 2 ) et celles qui s’opposent à la modification des pratiques nécessaires pour réaliser ce projet. La prise de recul qui s’ensuivrait pourrait permettre de voir dans les valeurs des facilitateurs ou bien des obstacles à l’évolution des pratiques pédagogiques.
Sphères privée et professionnelle
Authors: Visser Jelle
Published: September 2024

Résumé Dans ce chapitre, j’analyse le marché du travail aux Pays-Bas, sur le plan de l’aménagement du temps de travail et de la réglementation en matière de « flexicurité » à l’aide du concept de marchés du travail de transition (Schmid 1998 ; Schmid et Gazier, 2001). On peut considérer les marchés du travail de transition comme la réponse des institutions aux événements que connaissent les marchés du travail, à savoir l’entrée, la sortie, le changement d’emploi, le chômage et le non-emploi, dans le cadre d’activités et de responsabilités non rémunérées. Les « bons » marchés du travail de transition ou marchés d’intégration, nécessitent des aménagements institutionnels qui permettent ou soutiennent l’accès à l’emploi, la mobilité entre les emplois, la gestion quotidienne de l’emploi, y compris le cumul d’un emploi rémunéré sur le marché du travail officiel et d’autres activités d’utilité publique sur le plan social, dont l’éducation et les soins. Il a, en effet, été dit que l’aménagement du temps de travail pouvait jouer un rôle important pour faciliter ces transitions ou certaines étapes de la mobilité sur les marchés du travail actuels (Cebríán, Lallement et O’Reilly, 2000).
Interroger le médico-social
Authors: Sopadzhiyan Alis
Published: September 2024

Ce chapitre analyse les évolutions des politiques du champ de l’autonomie (grand âge et handicap) qui, face à la multiplication et à la diversité des organisations qui accompagnent les personnes, tentent de mettre en place de la coordination entre ces organisations, via de nouveaux dispositifs dédiés, et ce à différents niveaux. Si ces politiques de coordination ont d’abord été développées à l’intérieur de politiques sectorielles, plus récemment elles ont tenté de répondre à des enjeux transversaux à ces politiques. L’autrice décrypte ainsi, à partir d’une perspective d’analyse des politiques publiques, la complexité organisationnelle qui caractérise le médico-social, et les tentatives et actions pour réduire cette complexité, ou du moins, l’organiser. Elle nous donne des clés pour problématiser les notions d’organisation et de coordination, et pour analyser des dynamiques de structuration du secteur médico-social en lien avec les secteurs sanitaire et social.
Interroger le médico-social
Authors: Béliard Aude , Velpry Livia , Vidal-Naquet Pierre
Published: September 2024

Ce chapitre explore les pratiques développées dans les structures médico-sociales pour prendre soin des personnes. La qualification de ces pratiques, entre « social », « médico-social » ou « sanitaire », est variable selon les contextes et relativement indéterminée, y compris pour les acteurs eux-mêmes. Nous analysons alors le prendre-soin à partir des pratiques concrètes de travail, observées lors d’enquêtes sociologiques dans des structures accompagnant des personnes à domicile ou en établissement. S’y révèle une forte porosité des frontières entre soin médical et accompagnement social, ainsi que des tensions entre différents régimes (le régime thérapeutique, celui des libertés individuelles, celui de la justice sociale et celui des risques psychosociaux). L’articulation entre ces différents régimes et l’hybridation entre dimensions sociale et médicale dépendent du contexte de travail, notamment du type de coopération entre professionnelles et de son encadrement.
Introduction aux statistiques en sciences du langage
Authors: Perret Cyril , Solier Clara , Soum Christiane
Published: September 2024

Résumé L’analyse de régression linéaire consiste à mettre en relation une variable dépendante (VD) avec une ou plusieurs variable(s) indépendante(s), ou VI. Dans ce type d’analyse, la relation entre la VD quantitative et la ou les VI(s) est exprimée mathématiquement par une équation de droite (d’où le terme linéaire). Cette analyse est utilisée comme un modèle explicatif : c’est un outil permettant de tester l’influence d’une ou de plusieurs VI(s) sur la VD ; autrement dit, l’analyse de régression linéaire permet de tester des hypothèses sur la possibilité d’un lien entre une VI et une VD. Ce chapitre présentera les bases théoriques et les spécificités des modèles mixtes de régression linéaire : quelles hypothèses doivent être vérifiées pour l’utiliser, comment interpréter les résultats obtenus, comment évaluer la qualité du modèle obtenu. Nous proposerons une étape de prise en main de ce type de modèle à partir d’un exemple concret (Perret et Solier, 2022), nous décrirons pas à pas toutes les procédures pour pouvoir réaliser une régression linéaire sous R-software. Nous attirons l’attention du lecteur sur le fait que nous avons une position prescriptive sur les aspects les plus complexes. Des références seront toutefois incluses pour ceux qui souhaiteraient aller plus loin.
Introduction aux statistiques en sciences du langage
Authors: Camps Jean-François
Published: September 2024

Résumé Les méthodes de classification visent à regrouper des données similaires en fonction de caractéristiques communes, et à étiqueter ces données selon des schémas, des structures intrinsèques voire des tendances « cachées » dans les données analysées. Nous aborderons dans ce chapitre une technique de classification non supervisée : la classification hiérarchique ascendante. Ce chapitre se décomposera en deux parties. Une première partie théorique présentera les fondements mathématiques et les différentes étapes de cette méthode, les indicateurs calculés ainsi que des outils de validation des résultats obtenus. La deuxième partie sera consacrée à une analyse complète à partir d’un jeu de données. Chaque étape de l’analyse sera décrite et associée à un script sous R pour la réaliser.
La mort en questions
Authors: Lamblot Jean
Published: September 2024

L’islam témoigne donc, comme nous venons de le voir, d’un respect de la vie qui n’a rien à envier aux autres monothéismes et les médias se livrent à un jeu malsain en entretenant l’amalgame entre islam et islamisme, faisant du musulman un terroriste en puissance. Il est donc d’une importance extrême de rappeler les principes fondateurs du Coran et son universalisme. Les attentats-suicides ne sauraient trouver de justification dans la simple application des lois coraniques mais témoignent davantage d’une manipulation plus politique que religieuse. Nous avons vu également que la mort et les obsèques font l’objet d’une liturgie précise dans le monde musulman. C’est par ce biais que nous allons faire le lien avec le chapitre suivant, consacré à l’étude du rituel catholique, à son évolution dans l’histoire et à la place de l’Église aujourd’hui en France, dans l’accompagnement des défunts. C’est Jean Lamblot qui s’est chargé de cette étude. Après avoir commencé une carrière de chercheur au cnrs au sein de l’Institut de recherche sur l’économie de l’éducation de Dijon, Jean Lamblot est entré au séminaire universitaire de Lyon. Ordonné prêtre en 1980, il est actuellement curé de la paroisse d’Is-sur-Tille dans le diocèse de Dijon. Il est également enseignant en théologie au Centre universitaire catholique de Bourgogne et directeur de recherches à l’Institut de formation pour l’étude et l’enseignement des religions à Dijon. Il est l’auteur de plusieurs ouvrages en théologie comme en sciences de l’éducation 1 .
Le moment européen
Authors: Crignon Philippe
Published: September 2024

La stratégie de défense de l’Union européenne, face aux crises qu’elle subit, consiste à la reconduire à ses principes constitutifs (attribution, subsidiarité, proportionnalité, solidarité). Leur éluci-dation fait apparaître la coopération loyale comme son principe de fonctionnement et d’identité politique, or les échecs prévisibles de la coopération poussent à reconnaître que de simples principes ne fournissent pas les ressorts motivationnels suffisants. Ce chapitre soutient ainsi la légitimité d’un recours à des valeurs publiques (démocratie, liberté, égalité, État de droit), c’est-à-dire à un socle éthique, pour surmonter ces difficultés et opère une double critique du postnationalisme libéral et du nationalisme libéral, au profit d’un républicanisme critique.
Le Déméter 2019
Authors: Ansart-Le Run Céline , Lariven Jacqueline , Ruch Olivia
Published: September 2024

Porté jusqu’alors par le dynamisme des nouveaux pays consommateurs, le marché mondial de la bière – aujourd’hui globalement stable – connaît une révolution sans précédent : les bières artisanales apportent un renouveau total à une offre longtemps standardisée. Les microbrasseries, apparues aux États-Unis il y a une trentaine d’années, se multiplient en Europe et se généralisent désormais au monde entier. Ce chapitre revient sur cette révolution qui impacte toute la filière, de la production de matières premières à la distribution.
L’ingénieur pédagogique dans le supérieur
Authors: Lédé Stephen
Published: September 2024

Au sein d’une structure d’enseignement supérieur, l’ingénieur pédagogique se positionne comme un facilitateur entre l’ensemble des acteurs. Si la dimension d’accompagnement des enseignants semble bien connue, on ne saurait oublier l’accompagnement des autres acteurs d’un établissement parmi lesquels figure la gouvernance. Auprès de celle-ci, l’ingénieur pédagogique est à la fois un expert du domaine pédagogique et un personnel transversal qui intervient dans une logique de guidage ou d’accompagnement en fonction des projets dans lesquels il est impliqué. À travers l’exemple de l’École centrale de Marseille, nous allons montrer que l’ingénieur pédagogique agit comme un expert auprès de sa gouvernance pour lui permettre de réaliser les choix les plus opportuns dans le domaine pédagogique. Personnel transversal en prise avec les divers acteurs d’un établissement, l’ingénieur pédagogique accompagne et guide les organisations politiques de manière opérationnelle, stratégique, voire prospective. L’ensemble de ces interventions repose d’une part, sur l’expertise de l’ingénieur pédagogique et d’autre part, sur sa capacité à produire des indicateurs éclairant la gouvernance quant à la pertinence des actions proposées.