bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PETUALANGAN MATEMATIKA (PETAMATIKA) PADA MATERI KELILING DAN LUAS BANGUN DATAR UNTUK KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Karnen Dini Fitria Sari
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the development procedures and determine the feasibility of the Petulangan Matematika (Petamatika) media.. This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) used the Borg and Gall development model with the following stages: (1) research and information collecting, (2) planning, (3) develop preliminary form of product, (4) preliminary field testing, (5) main product revisions, (6) main field testing (small-scale), (7) operational product revisions and (8) operational field testing (large-scale). The trial subjects used were 27 students in IV grade and teachers in Muhammadiyah Tamantirto Elementary School. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and questionnaires. Data analysis includes quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis. The results showed that the validation of the media experts scored 78.33 in the "Good" category, the validation of the material experts scored 81.67 with the "Very Good" category and the validation of the learning expert scored 90 with the "Very Good" category. The results of small-scale field trials get a value of 87.16 with the category "Very Good" and the results of large-scale trials get a value of 94.91 with the category "Very Good". From all assessments of experts, students and teachers, the Petulangan Matematika (Petamatika) media scored an average score of 86.41 in the "Very Good" category and was declared eligible for use in the material of perimeter and areas of two dimensional shapes for grade IV elementary schools.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERCERITA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BONEKA TANGAN KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Purbasyafin Ajeng aprillia , Sukma Hanum Hanifa
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study was to improve storytelling skills through hand puppets and solve the steps to improve storytelling skills with puppets of grade IV students at SDN 05 Bojongbata. This type of research is classroom action research, with Kemmis and Mc. Taggart. The research subjects were grade IV students who participated in 35 students and the object of the study was the student learning outcomes. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, testing and documentation. The data analysis technique used descriptive quantitative data analysis techniques. The results showed an increase in the results of the research on storytelling skills in students. The results showed the first cycle to get an average of 73.56% learning outcomes with completeness, an increase in the second cycle to get an average of 85.71% learning outcomes with completeness. Based on the results of the study, using puppet media can improve the skills of students in grade IV SDN 05 Bojongbata.
PENANAMAN KARAKTER DISIPLIN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nugroho Agung
Published: April 2022

Curriculum 2013 which is currently applied in elementary schools is full of the values of character education. One of the 18 character values, which is felt to be the most needed to be developed, is discipline. Without reducing the urgency of other character values, discipline becomes one of the most important character values possessed by students, especially in primary schools so that later good character values emerge. Teachers and their staff as the front guard as well as agents in shaping the character of students in the school environment, absolutely must understand how to instill the value of character education in order to realize the objectives of the 2013 Curriculum. This article tries to elaborate and analyze the importance of the discipline character values possessed by students as well as what efforts can be done in order to instill the value of these characters especially for students in elementary school.
PENGGUNAAN WEBSITE QUIZIZZ UNTUK MENGEVALUASI HASIL BELAJAR CALON GURU SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Maulyda Mohammad Archi , Rosyidah Awal Nur Khalifatur , Apsari Ratih Ayu , Utama FR Aeko Fria , Witono A Hari
Published: April 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 memiliki dampak yang cukup berarti di dunia pendidikan Indonesia saat ini. Siswa baik dari tingkat usia dini hingga tinggi (universitas) harus mengalami perubahan dalam sistem dan model pembelajaran. Tuntutan perubahan tidak hanya dirasakan oleh siswa namun juga oleh guru. Guru harus memenuhi tuntutan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Hal in juga berimbas pada penggunaan sarana yang tepat dalam mengevaluasi hasil belajar siswa. Website Quizizz menjadi salah satu sarana guru dalam melakukan evaluasi. Meskipun begitu, belum diketahui apakah Quizizz merupakan sarana yang tepat untuk melakukan evaluasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemanfaatan Quizizz sebagai sarana evaluasi. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen semu. Terdapat kelas kontrol dan eksperimen yang masing-masing memiliki sampel sebanyak 37 mahasiswa PGSD. Data didapatkan dalam bentuk skor hasil tes yang akan dianalisis menggunakan independent t-testÂ  untuk mengetahui apakah kedua kelompok data memiliki perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan atau tidak. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan website Quizizz kurang efektif sebagai sarana evaluasi hasil belajar.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS STEM PADA MATERI IPA TEMA 7 SUBTEMA 1 KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Febriyanti Danie , Maryani Ika
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan; 1) untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah pengembangan LKPD berbasis STEM pada materi IPA tema 7 subtema 1 kelas V SD; 2) untuk mengetahui kualitas produk LKPD berbasis STEM pada materi IPA tema 7 subtema 1 kelas V SD. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan (RnD) menggunakan model ADDIE tetapi hanya tiga tahapan yaitu analyze, design, dan development. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu guru. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara, lembar observasi, dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data kualitatif untuk mengolah data berdasarkan komentar atau saran dari para ahli dan respon guru serta analisis data kuantitatif Â untuk mengetahui kualitas produk. Pada uji coba produk menggunakan angket para ahli dan respon guru. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Â nilai akhir dari uji validasi ahli materi mendapatkan nilai 79,00 dengan kategori â€œBaikâ€, ahli media mendapatkan nilai 83,00 dengan kategori â€œSangat Baikâ€, ahli pembelajaran mendapatkan nilai 78,00 dengan kategori â€œBaikâ€, ahli bahasa mendapatkan nilai 84,00 dengan kategori â€œSangat Baikâ€, dan respon guru mendapatkan nilai 86,00 dengan kategori â€œSangat Baikâ€. Apabila dianalisis data kuantitatif rata-rata nilai uji validasi ahli dan respon guru maka diperoleh nilai 82,00 termasuk dalam kategori â€œSangat Baikâ€. LKPD memuat materi IPA pada Perubahan Wujud Benda, Pembuatan alat penangkap kabut, penjelasan Fog Machine, teknik menghasilkan air dan teknik balon udara agar bisa terbang, serta kegiatan mengukur. LKPD juga berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan proses sains terhadap hasil belajar IPA lebih baik daripada LKPD konvensional.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA BUSY BOOK TEMA 1 DIRIKU SUBTEMA 2 TUBUHKU UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rizki Etie Novia , Fitrianawati Meita
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah pengembangan dan kualitas media busy book pada materi tema 1 diriku subtema 2 tubuhku. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dan menggunakan model pengembangan Borg and Gall dengan langkah-langkah 7 tahap, yaitu 1) Research and Information collecting, 2) Planning, 3) Develop Premilinary Form Product, 4) Preliminary Field Testing, 5) Main Product Revision, 6) Main Field Testing, 7) Operational Product Revision. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini adalah 6 peserta didik kelas I Sekolah Dasar dari sekolah yang berbeda-beda dan guru SD N Kejambon 2. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, angket, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Analisis data menggunakan analisis data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media busy book layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dengan hasil penilaian dari validasi ahli media mendapatkan skor 4,3 kategori sangat baik, validasi ahli materi mendapatkan skor 4 kategori baik, validasi ahli pembelajaran mendapatkan skor 4 kategori baik. Hasil respon peserta didik pada uji coba produk kelompok kecil mendapatkan skor 95% kategori sangat baik dan hasil respon guru mendapat skor 4,7 kategori sangat baik. Peserta didik dan guru memberikan respon bahwa media busy book menarik perhatian sehingga belajar menggunakan media busy book menyenangkan serta media busy book membantu guru dalam menyampaikan materi karena media tersebut sesuai dengan perkembangan anak.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGUATAN KARAKTER NILAI INTEGRITAS MELALUI BUKU KEGIATAN HARIAN SISWA SD MUHAMMADIYAH KADISOKA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nur Waskito Ardisa Pangestu , Suyitno Suyitno
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakter kejujuran dan tanggung jawab dari siswa melalui buku kegiatan harian dan upaya pihak sekolah dan orang tua dalam meningkatkan penguatan karakter jujur dan tanggung jawab melalui buku kegiatan harian. Jenis Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Muhammadiyah Kadisoka Yogyakarta dengan subjek penelitian kepala sekolah, wakil kurikulum, guru kelas, orang tua siswa, serta siswa kelas rendah yakni siswa kelas III dan siswa kelas tinggi yaitu siswa kelas V SD Muhammadiyah Kadisoka. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah implementasi penguatan karakter nilai integritas jujur dan tanggung jawab dilakukan dengan cara pengumpulan buku kegiatan harian di pagi hari kemudian guru kelas mengecek buku tersebut. Guru mengecek isi nya dan jumlah buku kegiatan harian yang dikumpulkan siswa. Guru memberi peraturan serta sanksi mengenai buku kegiatan harian yang disepakati bersama oleh siswa. Orang tua memantau aktivitas anak selama di rumah ketika menuliskan buku kegiatan harian. Untuk membuat siswa jujur dan bertanggung jawab akan buku kegiatan harian maka guru dan orang tua memiliki berbagai upaya/strategi untuk meningkatkan karakter tersebut dari yang memberi hadiah hingga sanksi tegas.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PALU BUNDAR (PAPAN LAJU BANGUN DATAR) PADA MATERI KELILING DAN LUAS BANGUN DATAR UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Lissa , Riana Desy Dwi , Agustina Dwi Kameluh
Published: April 2022

Adanya permasalahan dalam kesulitan belajar matematika untuk mengingat rumus khususnya keliling dan luas bangun datar serta penggunaan media pada pembelajaran yang belum optimal menyebabkan siswa kurang aktif dalam mengikuti proses belajar mengajar di kelas sehingga siswa kurang tertarik dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media palu bundar (papan laju bangun datar) pada materi keliling dan luas bangun datar untuk siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar yang layak digunakan. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian pengembangan atau disebut dengan Research and Development menurut Sugiyono yang meliputi: (1) potensi dan masalah; (2) pengumpulan data; (3) desain produk (4) validasi desain; (5) revisi desain; (6) uji coba produk; (7) revisi produk.Subyek uji coba keterbacaan adalah 5 siswa kelas V UPT SD Negeri Jambepawon 02 karena masih dalam masa pandemi covid-19 dan 5 guru kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penilaian ahli materi mendapatkan persentase 87% dengan kategori layak. Hasil penilaian ahli media mendapatkan persentase 86% dengan kategori layak. Hasil penilaian ahli bahasa mendapatkan persentase 91% dengan kategori sangat layak. Pada uji coba keterbacaan siswa mendapatkan persentase 98% dengan kategori sangat layak dan respon siswa yang sangat positif terhadap media palu bundar. Pada uji coba keterbacaan guru mendapatkan persentase 97% dengan kategori sangat layak sehingga media palu bundar dapat menjadi referensi guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran matematika bab keliling dan luas bangun datar kelas IV Sekolah Dasar.
PENGEMBANGAN RPS-FLIP BUILDER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN IPA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI MASA COVID-19
Authors: Yunianto Teguh
Published: April 2022

The research aims to describe the development of the School Development Plan (RPS-Flip builder) and to find out the validity of the RPS-Flip builder in learning natural science (IPA) during the Covid-19 period. This research method is a development research with the Borg and Gall model. Product trials are carried out on a limited scale by involving students. The results of this study describe the development of the RPS-Flip-builder including the analysis of potential problems, data collection, product design, design validation, product testing, and product revision. Furthermore, the product feasibility results show that the material expert's assessment is 83.25% with the "very valid" category, the media expert is 71.66% with the "feasible" criteria, field trials with an average value of 90% with the interpretation criteria "very high. practical". Finally, the semester learning plan (RPS) using the flip builder learning media on natural science (IPA) material is feasible and very practical to use to increase understanding.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN SBDP MATERI SITUS-SITUS BUDAYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR ALTERNATIF SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Latifah Laili Insani , Siswantari Heni
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah pengembangan dan kualitas modul pembelajaran SBdP materi situs-situs budaya sebagai bahan ajar alternatif siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar menurut para ahli. Pengembangan modul pembelajaran SBdP materi situs-situs budaya menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development dengan prosedur pengembangan model 4D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel. Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tahap define (pendefinisian), tahap design (perancangan), dan tahap develop (pengembangan) sampai pada uji kualitas produk yaitu penilaian oleh para ahli disertai dengan revisi. Analisis data menggunakan lembar penilaian validasi untuk para ahli. Jenis data yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kualitas pada penelitian pengembangan ini adalah jenis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Modul pembelajaran SBdP materi situs-situs budaya untuk peserta didik kelas IV Sekolah Dasar mendapat kategori baik dengan rata-rata nilai sebesar 3,14 dari nilai maksimal sebesar 4,00 dengan persentase 78,61%. Hasil penilaian dari ahli media diperoleh nilai 3,31 termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan persentase 82,81%. Hasil penilaian dari ahli materi diperoleh nilai 2,86 yang termasuk ke dalam kategori baik dengan persentase 71,66%. Hasil penilaian dari ahli pembelajaran diperoleh nilai 3,1 termasuk kategori baik dengan persentase 77,5%. Dan hasil penilaian dari ahli bahasa diperoleh nilai 3,3 yang termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat baik dengan persentase 82,5%.
Analisis kebutuhan instrumen penilaian sikap berbasis education for sustainable development di sekolah dasar
Authors: Amelia Firda Nisya , Hamdu Ghullam
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan instrumen penilaian sikap berbasis Education for Sustainable Development di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan guru kelas tinggi di sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Ciamis dan Kota Tasikmalaya sebanyak 6 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik wawancara dan studi dokumentasi untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan penilaian sikap serta format instrumen yang digunakan oleh guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Sebanyak 66,67% guru belum memahami konsep ESD. (2) Penilaian sikap tidak dapat dinilai dalam waktu yang singkat. (3) Sebanyak 50% guru belum menggunakan format instrumen dalam melaksanakan penilaian sikap. Kebutuhan format instrumen penilaian sikap dapat diatasi dengan penyusunan format instrumen penilaian sikap yang mengarah pada sikap berpikir kritis yang diintegrasikan dengan ESD yang terdiri dari tujuh sikap diantaranya Open Minded, Analytical, Systematic, Inquistive, Judicious, Truthseeking, dan Confident in Reasoning. Dalam penerapan pembelajaran ESD, peneliti mendapatkan penemuan bahwa sebenarnya pembelajaran ESD sudah dilakukan oleh guru, namun guru belum memahami konsep ESD secara utuh sehingga terdapat asumsi bahwa ESD belum dilaksanakan di sekolah dasar. Dalam kaitannya dengan pendidikan keberlanjutan, sebagian guru mengharapkan adanya format isian kepada orang tua siswa di rumah dalam mengawasi sikap yang dimiliki peserta didik sehingga konsep keberlanjutan akan dapat dilakukan. Dengan menerapkan konsep ESD dalam pembelajaran, dapat membentuk generasi muda yang peka terhadap lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi sehingga akan siap melawan tantangan global dimasa yang akan datang. Instrumen penilaian merupakan wadah untuk mengaktualisasikan peningkatan sikap peserta didik.
Pengembangan media video solfeggio terhadap kemampuan bernyanyi siswa sekolah dasar
Authors: Jelita Vania Stefani
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahapan yaitu analisis, desain, development, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kelayakan media video pembelajaran seni musik metode solfegio untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bernyanyi siswa kelas VI sekolah dasar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket uji validitas dan uji coba kelompok kecil. Hasil menunjukkan video pembelajaran seni musik sangat valid dan praktis digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca not dan bernyanyi siswa kelas VI SD
Analisis konsep sejarah masa penjajahan bangsa Eropa pada pembelajaran IPS di sekolah dasar
Authors: Lestari Yosi Mediana , Ramadia Gita , Arifin Muhammad Husen , Wahyuningsih Yona
Published: April 2022

Artikel ini membahas mengenai masalah analisis konsep materi sejarah masa penjajahan Bangsa Eropa pada pembelajaran IPS di SD. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep materi sejarah masa penjajahan Bangsa Eropa di SD yang sesuai dengan tingkatan pemahaman siswa tingkat dasar. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan melakukan studi literatur dari berbagai sumber penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan dan relevan dengan penelitian ini. Dari hasil temuan konsep materi sejarah masa penjajahan Bangsa Eropa pada siswa SD ini dimulai dari penjelajahan samudera untuk mencari dempah rempah hingga datangnya Bangsa Eropa ke Indonesia untuk mendapatkan rempah-rempah. Namun dengan seiring berjalannya waktu Bangsa Eropa ini mulai semena mena dan menduduki pemerintahan di Indonesa serta membuat rakyat Indonesia sengsara
Improving GP registration and access for migrants
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: April 2022

Migrants in the UK face social exclusion, discrimination and language barriers, resulting in difficulty accessing general practice services. How can migrant healthcare be more inclusive?
On Some Improved Classes of Estimators Under Stratified Sampling Using Attribute
Authors: Bhushan Shashi , Kumar Anoop , Tyagi Dushyant , Singh Saurabh
Published: April 2022

This article establishes some improved classes of difference and ratio type estimators of population mean of study variable using information on auxiliary attribute under stratified simple random sampling. The usual mean estimator, classical ratio estimator, classical product estimator and classical regression estimator are identified as particular cases of the proposed classes of estimators for different values of the characterising scalars. The expression of mean square error of the suggested classes of estimators has been studied up to first order of approximation and their effective performances are likened with respect to the conventional as well as lately existing estimators. Subsequently, an empirical study has been carried out using a real data set in support of theoretical results. The empirical results justify the proposition of the proposed classes of estimators in terms of percent relative efficiency over all discussed work till date. Suitable suggestions are forwarded to the survey practitioners.
Polímeros constituídos por carboidratos utilizados no processo de microencapsulação de bactérias: uma revisão
Authors: Paulo Elinalva Maciel , Assis Sandra Aparecida , Santos Vera Lucia Cancio Souza
Published: April 2022

The formation of microcapsules containing microorganisms with a high degree of dehydration is a great potential for the conservation of microorganisms. This packaging technique of dehydrated active element consists in one of the processes of microencapsulation. Currently there are different processes of microencapsulation with the use of various types of both natural and synthetic polymers. The purpose of this review was to study the polymers used in the process of immobilization and microencapsulation of compounds aimed at the choice of wall material more suitable for the microencapsulation of bacteria. The salts of alginates and their association with other organic polymers have been the most used in the papers surveyed.
Les règles françaises de catalogage à la croisée des chemins : quelles évolutions pour quels enjeux?
Authors: Leresche Françoise
Published: April 2022

Cet article présente la réflexion menée actuellement en France autour des normes françaises de catalogage confrontées à l'évolution internationale des règles de catalogage. À travers les trois grands chantiers de cette décennie, l'élaboration de nouveaux Principes internationaux de catalogage, la préparation de l'ISBD consolidé et le remplacement des AACR par RDA (Resource Description and Access), il montre comment la France a participé activement à cette évolution. La question se pose maintenant de sa mise en œuvre en France. Deux options sont possibles, privilégiant l'une l'ISBD consolidé, l'autre RDA. Les arguments pour ou contre chacune de ces options sont présentés, ainsi que l'organisation prévue pour prendre une décision face à un enjeu majeur : faire entrer les catalogues de bibliothèques dans le 21e siècle.
Visibilidad en la web de los Centros de Recursos para el Aprendizaje y la Investigación (CRAI) en las bibliotecas universitarias
Authors: Herrera Morillas José Luis
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Analizar la visibilidad en la web del grado de implantación del modelo de CRAI en bibliotecas universitarias.
 Metodología: Se lleva a cabo un análisis de contenido de sedes web de 69 bibliotecas universitarias españolas así como de sus planes estratégicos para extraer la información relacionada con los objetivos de la investigación. Se han podido analizar todas las sedes web pero sólo se ha podido acceder a 28 planes estratégicos.
 Resultados: Se muestra, con datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, que, pese a que no todas las bibliotecas se encuentran en el mismo nivel de desarrollo, la mayoría ha asumido el reto de adaptarse al espacio europeo de educación superior, de manera que se ha dado más protagonismo y más soporte al proceso de aprendizaje. El modelo de los CRAI, por lo tanto, se hace visible en las sedes web y los planes estratégicos de la mayoría de las bibliotecas universitarias españolas.
How libraries can promote reading through Internet-based activities
Authors: Hapel Rolf
Published: April 2022

This article describes ways to create user-oriented services aimed to promote reading and knowledge transfer by favouring cooperation between municipal funded public libraries in Denmark and setting up joint net libraries or subject portals under the supervision of library staff. The process of cooperation and the distribution and use of the products are made possible by the presence of a well-developed Internet infrastructure. A key element for promoting reading is the Internet portal litteratursiden.dk (the Literature site.dk which enables authors to meet readers on the web and promotes events in the physical space of the library such as Meet the Author, presentations, discussions, and literary cafés. By making access to physical books easier and more appealing through Internet-based self-service activities embedded in the library web site – e.g. holds and reservations, personalised recommendation services, ranking and tagging in the OPAC – users’ reading opportunities can be significantly increased. Here we describe experiences in making the choice of reading material more appealing through book presentations on the web and mobile phone portals and the possibilities of making user-based literature reading circles through the Internet. We also mention the potential of embracing web 2.0 ideologies and practices of peer-to-peer promotion and content creation, and briefly discuss the possibility of bringing together the web and the physical space of the library by creating brands or universes able to constitute a framework for inculcating the values of reading and literature among different audiences.
dilemas como herramienta pedagógica para el desarrollo de la capacidad de razonamiento en los alumnos del Grado en Derecho
Authors: Rojo Gallego-Burín Marina
Published: April 2022

En la actualidad entre los alumnos universitarios se aprecia la carencia de capacidad de comprensión y argumentación. Por tanto, el profesorado tiene la obligación de tratar de suplir estas carencias de los estudiantes, para que puedan alcanzar una formación completa.

Los docentes de la asignatura de Introducción al Derecho Mercantil se marcaron el objetivo de favorecer entre el alumnado el desarrollo de la capacidad de toma de decisiones. A través de una actividad de innovación docente se pretendió que los discentes adquieran la habilidad de conformar un pensamiento vinculado a los procesos, estrategias, y representaciones mentales. A los alumnos se le presentaba una situación, en la que se podían ver involucradas cuestiones técnicas, éticas, científicas, jurídicas, económicas, ecológicas… Una vez planteado el problema tienen que buscar información y decidir que decisión adoptan.
normalización de la educación superior en el Derecho económico y comercial internacional
Authors: León Guzmán Marlen
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo analiza las manifestaciones de la normalización en la educación superior costarricense, sin dejar de lado que ha sido un proceso desarrollado ampliamente en el Derecho económico y comercial internacional, teniendo una influencia sutil en el sector educativo. Se toman como elementos de referencia el recurso a la cultura de evaluación; la evaluación del desempeño y la calidad; así como la rendición de cuentas. En un segundo momento, se plantea un análisis del carácter voluntario; la integración de normas privadas mediante instrumentos públicos y la integración de instrumentos internacionales de la normalización.
Grinding of silicon carbide for optical surface fabrication, Part 1:
surface analysis
Authors: Shanmugam Prithiviraj , Lambropoulos John C. , Davies Matthew A,
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a study of the grinding of three different grades
of silicon carbide (SiC) under the same conditions. Surface topography
is analyzed using coherent scanning interferometry and scanning
electron microscopy. The study provides a baseline understanding of
the process mechanics and targets effective selection of process
parameters for grinding SiC optics with near optical level surface
roughness, thus reducing the need for post-polishing. Samples are
raster and spiral ground on conventional precision machines with metal
and copper-resin bonded wheels under rough, medium, and finish
grinding conditions. Material microstructure and grinding conditions
affect attainable surface roughness. Local surface roughness of less
than 3 nm RMS was attained in both chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and
chemical vapor composite (CVC) SiC. The tool footprint is suitable for
sub-aperture machining of a large freeform optics possibly without the
need for surface finish correction by post-polishing. Subsurface
damage will be assessed in Part 2 of this paper series.
SOI-based compact mode- and polarization-division multiplexer for on-chip optical interconnects: design and simulation
Authors: Nath Jyoti Prasad , Dhingra Nikhil , Saxena Geetika J. , Sharma Enakshi K.
Published: April 2022

A compact seven-channel hybrid mode- and polarization-division multiplexer based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide platform is proposed for on-chip optical interconnects. Three independent signals are coupled into the

T

E

0

,

T
M

0

, and

T
E

1

mode of a three moded waveguide using a taper, a polarization beam splitter, and an asymmetric directional coupler in the first coupler section. In the adiabatically connected second and third sections, two collocated asymmetric directional couplers are used to couple two TE modes (

T
E

2

,

T
E

3

) and two TM modes (

T
M

1

,

T
M

2

) to reduce the footprint of the device. A coupling length of

∼

44.29

µ

m

is achieved with low insertion loss

<

0.09

d
B

and crosstalk better than

−

30

d
B

at the designed wavelength of 1.55 µm.
Room-temperature plasmonic mid-infrared photodetector based on PtSi/p-Si low Schottky-barrier junction
Authors: Shiraishi Masahiko , Noda Daiji , Ohta Ryo , Kan Tetsuo
Published: April 2022

In this study, a low Schottky-barrier photodetector with a plasmonic assist using a two-dimensional (2D) nanohole array was demonstrated, which receives mid-infrared (MIR) light at room temperature. In the structural design, it was confirmed that the 2D nanohole-array photodetector has high absorbance in the MIR region using rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The result showed that the nanoholes formed in p-type silicon (p-Si), platinum silicide (PtSi), to form Schottky barriers, and gold (Au), for photocurrent extraction, had high absorbance in the MIR region along with the Fabry–Perot resonance mode toward the depth of the nanohole. The 2D nanohole array, with Au/PtSi/p-Si layers, has high absorbance for illuminating MIR light near 3.46 µm from the backside. The current–voltage characteristics indicated a low Schottky barrier of 0.32 eV, confirming the photoresponsive potential in the MIR photodetection. The photocurrent response to the modulation signal was obtained at room temperature. In addition, signal processing through transimpedance and lock-in amplifiers enabled us to obtain characteristics with high linearity for light intensities in milliwatts. Light acquisition for 2.5–3.8-µm-long MIR wavelength became possible, and applications in gas sensing, including vibrational absorption bands of alkane groups, are expected.
Optical-force-controlled red-blood-cell microlenses for subwavelength trapping and imaging
Authors: Chen Xixi , Li Heng , Wu Tianli , Gong Zhiyong , Guo Jinghui , Li Yuchao , Li Baojun , Ferraro Pietro , Zhang Yao
Published: April 2022

We demonstrate that red blood cells (RBCs), with an adjustable focusing
effect controlled by optical forces, can act as bio-microlenses for
trapping and imaging subwavelength objects. By varying the laser power
injected into a tapered fiber probe, the shape of a swelled RBC can be
changed from spherical to ellipsoidal by the optical forces, thus
adjusting the focal length of such bio-microlens in a range from 3.3
to 6.5 µm. An efficient optical trapping and a simultaneous
fluorescence detecting of a 500-nm polystyrene particle have been
realized using the RBC microlens. Assisted by the RBC microlens, a
subwavelength imaging has also been achieved, with a magnification
adjustable from 1.6× to 2×. The RBC bio-microlenses may
offer new opportunities for the development of fully biocompatible
light-driven devices in diagnosis of blood disease.
Evanescent waveguide lab-on-chip for optical biosensing in food quality control
Authors: Buzzin Alessio , Asquini Rita , Caputo Domenico , de Cesare Giampiero
Published: April 2022

Optical biosensing systems are commonly developed assembling a source, a light–sample interaction area, and a detector as distinct stand-alone elements. We present a compact, inexpensive, and easy-to-use glass chip that monolithically integrates both the interaction and detection elements in a

1
  

cm

2

overall surface. The device working principle is based on evanescent wavelight interaction with the complex refractive index of a liquid mixture, being the index influenced by the mixture’s physical and chemical features. We describe the manufacture of a prototype able to perform investigations on food quality and subsequent tests on the detection of fat content in milk. Theoretical investigations are reported as well as measurements performed on samples in the green spectrum. A sensitivity of about 139 fA/(g/dL) and a limit of detection of 14 ppm have been achieved, better than those of current commercial devices.
Majority of pediatric dengue virus infections in Kenya do not meet 2009 WHO criteria for dengue diagnosis
Authors: Khan Aslam , Ndenga Bryson , Mutuku Francis , Bosire Carren M. , Okuta Victoria , Ronga Charles O. , Mutai Noah K. , Musaki Sandra K. , Chebii Philip K. , Maina Priscilla W. , Jembe Zainab , Amugongo Jael S. , Malumbo Said L. , Ng’ang’a Charles M. , LaBeaud Desiree
Published: April 2022

From 1975–2009, the WHO guidelines classified symptomatic dengue virus infections as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. In 2009 the case definition was changed to a clinical classification after concern the original criteria was challenging to apply in resource-limited settings and not inclusive of a substantial proportion of severe dengue cases. Our goal was to examine how well the current WHO definition identified new dengue cases at our febrile surveillance sites in Kenya. Between 2014 and 2019 as part of a child cohort study of febrile illness in our four clinical study sites (Ukunda, Kisumu, Msambweni, Chulaimbo) we identified 369 dengue PCR positive symptomatic cases and characterized whether they met the 2009 revised WHO diagnostic criteria for dengue with and without warning signs and severe dengue. We found 62% of our PCR-confirmed dengue cases did not meet criteria per the guidelines. Our findings also correlate with our experience that dengue disease in children in Kenya is less severe as reported in other parts of the world. Although the 2009 clinical classification has recently been criticized for being overly inclusive and non-specific, our findings suggest the 2009 WHO dengue case definition may miss more than 50% of symptomatic infections in Kenya and may require further modification to include the African experience.
Evaluation of the Mexican warning label nutrient profile on food products marketed in Mexico in 2016 and 2017: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Contreras-Manzano Alejandra , Cruz-Casarrubias Carlos , Munguía Ana , Jáuregui Alejandra , Vargas-Meza Jorge , Nieto Claudia , Tolentino-Mayo Lizbeth , Barquera Simón
Published: April 2022

Background

Different nutrient profiles (NPs) have been developed in Latin America to assess the nutritional quality of packaged food products. Recently, the Mexican NP was developed as part of the new warning label regulation implemented in 2020, considering 5 warning octagons (calories, sugar, sodium, saturated fats, and trans fats) and 2 warning rectangles (caffeine and non-nutritive sweeteners). The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the Mexican NP and other NPs proposed or used in Latin America against the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) model.

Methods and findings

Nutrition content data of 38,872 packaged food products available in the Mexican market were collected in 2016 and 2017. The evaluation of the Mexican NP, including its 3 implementation phases of increasing stringency (2020, 2023, and 2025), was conducted by comparing the percentage of products classified as “healthy” (without warnings) or “less healthy” (with 1 or more warnings), as well as the number and type of warnings assigned to food products, against the PAHO NP. Using the calibration method, we compared the classifications produced by the PAHO model against those produced by the NP models of Ecuador, Chile (3 phases), Peru (2 phases), Uruguay, and Brazil. Kappa coefficients and Pearson correlations were estimated, and proportion tests were performed. We found that the 3 implementation phases of the Mexican NP had near to perfect agreement in the classification of healthy foods (Mexico NP models: 19.1% to 23.8%; PAHO model: 19.7%) and a strong correlation (>91.9%) with the PAHO model. Other NPs with high agreement with the PAHO model were the Ecuador (89.8%), Uruguay (82.5%), Chile Phase 3 (82.3%), and Peru Phase 2 (84.2%) NPs. In contrast, the Peru Phase 1, Brazil, and Chile Phase 1 NP models had the highest percentage of foods classified as healthy (49.2%, 47.1%, and 46.5%, respectively) and the lowest agreement with the PAHO model (69.9%, 69.3%, and 73%, respectively). Study limitations include that warnings considered by the Mexican NP models were evaluated as if all the warnings were octagon seals, while 2 out of the 7 were rectangular warnings (caffeine and non-nutritive sweeteners), and that our data are limited by the quality of the information reported in the list of ingredients and the nutrition facts table of the products.

Conclusions

The 3 implementation phases of the Mexican NP were useful to identify healthy food products. In contrast, the Peru Phase 1, Brazil, and Chile Phase 1 NP models may have limited usefulness for the classification of foods according to the content of ingredients of concern. The results of this study may inform countries seeking to adapt and evaluate existing NP models for use in population-specific applications.
Household access to non-communicable disease medicines during universal health care roll-out in Kenya: A time series analysis
Authors: Kiragu Zana Wangari , Rockers Peter C. , Onyango Monica A. , Mungai John , Mboya John , Laing Richard , Wirtz Veronika J.
Published: April 2022

Objectives

This study aims to describe trends and estimate impact of county-level universal health coverage expansion in Kenya on household availability of non-communicable disease medicines, medicine obtainment at public hospitals and proportion of medicines obtained free of charge.

Methods

Data from phone surveillance of households in eight Kenyan counties between December 2016 and September 2019 were used. Three primary outcomes related to access were assessed based on patient report: availability of non-communicable disease medicines at the household; non-communicable disease medicine obtainment at a public hospital versus a different outlet; and non-communicable disease medicine obtainment free of cost versus at a non-zero price. Mixed models adjusting for fixed and random effects were used to estimate associations between outcomes of interest and UHC exposure.

Results

The 197 respondents with universal health coverage were similar on all demographic factors to the 415 respondents with no universal health coverage. Private chemists were the most popular place of purchase throughout the study. Adjusting for demographic factors, county and time fixed effects, there was a significant increase in free medicines (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.73, 3.76), significant decrease in medicine obtainment at public hospitals (aOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.47, 0.97), and no impact on the availability of non-communicable disease medicines in households (aβ -0.004, 95% CI -0.058, 0.050) with universal health coverage.

Conclusions

Access to universal health coverage caused a significant increase in free non-communicable disease medicines, indicating financial risk protection. Interestingly, this is not accompanied with increases in public hospitals purchases or household availability of non-communicable disease medicines, with public health centers playing a greater role in supply of free medicines. This raises the question as to the status of supply-side investments at the public hospitals, to facilitate availability of quality-assured medicines.
Editorial: Traffickers
Authors: McAdam Marika , Gerasimov Borislav
Published: April 2022

This article introduces a Special Issue of Anti-Trafficking Review themed ‘Traffickers’. It describes how most of the knowledge about human trafficking is generated from the accounts of victims of trafficking and people working with them, while knowledge of perpetrators of human trafficking remains limited. It further summarises the articles contained in this special issue. These articles describe one or more aspects of traffickers’ characteristics, motivations, modus operandi, relationships with victims, and treatment in the criminal justice system. Overall, the issue shows that in many cases, traffickers’ profiles are similar to those of their victims. It suggests that measures to reduce racial, ethnic and other discrimination and improve socioeconomic and educational opportunities for all would help reduce people’s vulnerability to becoming victims of trafficking as well as perpetrators.
Identification of the molecular characteristics of Bacillus anthracis (1982-2020) isolates in East Indonesia using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis
Authors: Yudianingtyas D. W. , Sumiarto B. , Susetya H. , Salman Mo , Djatmikowati T. F. , Haeriah Haeriah , Rahman Abdul , Mangidi R.
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Anthrax is one of the endemic strategic diseases in East Indonesia, particularly in the provinces of South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, Gorontalo, East Nusa Tenggara, and West Nusa Tenggara. Anthrax is an important disease due to its zoonotic and economic impact on the livestock industry. This study aimed to identify the molecular characteristics of Bacillus anthracis in East Indonesia using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA). Materials and Methods: Isolates were obtained from an investigation of anthrax outbreaks in five provinces of East Indonesia from 1982 to 2020. Conventional polymerase chain reaction for B. anthracis was used to identify MLVA-8. Deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing analysis was based on MLVA-8 primers for VNTR identification of the phylogenetic relationship among 24 isolates of B. anthracis obtained from 17 distinct districts/cities in East Indonesia. Tandem Repeats Finder was used for VNTR identification, and Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis X was used to construct phylogenetic analysis. Results: In this study, 24 isolates were classified as genotype or lineage A. There were four subgroups of B. anthracis circulating in East Indonesia based on eight molecular marker loci sequence results. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that MLVA-8 typing might be useful as a subtyping tool for the epidemiological investigation of identical genotypes and low genetic diversity of B. anthracis. No other lineage of B. anthracis was circulating in East Indonesia. Other molecular methods are needed, such as extended MLVA, whole-genome sequencing, and canonical single-nucleotide polymorphism, for a more precise study of B. anthracis genetic diversity.
Complexes of Organyltellurium(IV) with Neutral [N,O] Donor Schiff Base
Derived from Substituted Furfuraldehyde and Toluidine: Synthesis, Structural
Characterization, Computational Studies and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Antil Nidhi , Kumar Manish , Verma K.K. , Garg Sapana
Published: April 2022

Organyltellurium(IV) complexes of Schiff base (MeFPT = 4-methyl-N-((5-methylfuran-2-
yl)methylene)aniline) derived from condensation reaction of 5-methyl furan-2-carboxaldehyde with
p-toluidine having formula of type MeFPT·RTeCl3 and MeFPT·R2TeCl2 (R = 4-hydroxy-phenyl,
4-methoxyphenyl or 3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) were reported. These complexes have been
characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-Vis, DFT, molecular modelling and
mass spectra. The experimental data demonstrated that formed Schiff base complexes behaved as
bidentate ligand with R1TeCl3 and R2TeCl2 chelated by neutral N and O atoms having distorted octahedral
stereochemistry in all organyltellurium(IV) complexes. Schiff base and its organyltellurium(IV)
complexes exhibited considerable biological activity. The antibacterial and antifungal activity have
been carried out and the results were compared with some known antibiotics.
Automatic extraction of 3d building meshes from LiDAR data
Authors: Voříšek Jan , Patzák Bořek , Rypl Daniel
Published: April 2022

Terrestrial laser scanning and drone-based scanning are often combined to gain a complete picture of the external envelopes of buildings. While the resulting data sets are easy to understand for humans, extracting any semantical information from the data is a challenging task. Creating a BIM model for large cities is desirable, especially for planning and inventory purposes. Nowadays, engineers manually separate buildings and draw corresponding floor plans or any other required entities, making creating such a model nearly impossible for the whole city.In this contribution, we present the design and concept of a C++ library that provides fundamental algorithmic tools for automated detection of the ground points, separation of buildings into individual point clouds, and segmentation of walls and roofs. The buildings’ 3D model (both volumetric and surface mesh) can be constructed using the data. Furthermore, the building area and volume calculation can be performed on such a model, which can then be compared with the existing city plan.
Релаксация остаточных напряжений в поверхностно упрочненном вращающемся цилиндре в условиях ползучести
Authors: Радченко Владимир Павлович , Radchenko Vladimir Pavlovich , Либерман Александр Евгеньевич , Liberman Aleksandr E. , Блохин Олег Леонидович , Blokhin Oleg L.
Published: April 2022

Разработана методика расчета релаксации остаточных напряжений в консольно закрепленном вращающемся цилиндре после процедуры поверхностно-пластического деформирования в условиях ползучести, учитывающая влияние ступенчатого изменения параметров температурно-силового нагружения (разгрузки).
Задача моделирует напряженно-деформированное состояние поверхностно упрочненного цилиндра (стержня), торцевое сечение которого жестко закреплено на диске, вращающегося с постоянной угловой скоростью.
Методика включает метод реконструкции полей остаточных напряжений и пластических деформаций и метод расчета релаксации остаточных напряжений в процессе ползучести вращающегося цилиндрического стержня.
Поскольку вызванные вращением растягивающие напряжения по длине стержня не изменяются во времени, в каждом поперечном сечении решается задача о релаксации остаточных напряжений для растягиваемого стержня при постоянном напряжении.
Выполнено детальное численное исследование влияния количества оборотов на скорость релаксации остаточных напряжений для упрочненного дробью цилиндрического образца радиусом 3.76 мм из сплава ЭИ698 при температуре
700 $^\circ$C.
Анализ результатов расчетов позволил установить нетривиальный эффект, заключающийся в том, что релаксация остаточных напряжений в сечениях, находящихся под действием осевых растягивающих напряжений вследствие вращения, происходит менее интенсивно, чем в «хвостовом» сечении, где осевая нагрузка от вращения равна нулю. Полученные в работе результаты могут быть полезными при оценке эффективности поверхностно-пластического упрочнения деталей в условиях высокотемпературной ползучести.