bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disaster Risk Management: The Exercise of Power, Legitimacy and Urgency in Stakeholder Role in Ghana
Authors: Owusu Esther , Antwi James , Kendie Stephen B.
Published: October 2021

Aim: Disasters continue to wreck both developed and developing countries, causing high mortality and suffering and damage to local economies and also impede development. Ghana is exposed to natural hazards, and the country’s susceptibility to these disasters has increased in both frequency and complexity over the years. This requires an understanding of disaster planning and resource allocation, legitimised in stakeholders who exercise power and urgency to manage and mitigate external uncertainties and internal complexities. The study aimed to examine the exercise of power, legitimacy, and urgency of stakeholders in disaster risk management in the Accra Metropolitan Area.
Study Design: Qualitative case study design involving respondents purposively selected from Accra Metropolitan Area and local communities was employed. We used in-depth interviews and desk reviews of policy documents to assess stakeholder role in disaster risk management. We analysed the data using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis technique based on three principles of the stakeholder theory; power, legitimacy, and urgency, to advance our discussions on stakeholder role in disaster risk management.
Results: The findings show that central government exercises high effective power, which serves as a strong basis for policy decisions but low precision and low urgency in responding to disaster risk management. At the local government level, the exercise of power and urgency to act appear ineffective despite a strong policy framework to guide disaster management. In addition, the exercise of power and legitimacy role appears low in the local communities. Conversely, urgency in addressing disaster risk management appears to be high among community members.
Conclusion: This study contributes to the existing literature by suggesting structural and administrative reforms to stakeholder role in the management of disasters; central government remains a dominant stakeholder; local government agencies restructured to have a definitive role and the communities maintain their demanding role to hold local government agencies accountable. These reforms will establish a sharp, clear roadmap for the future and set into motion scenario planning for unanticipated disasters.
Determination of Radiation Exposure and Heavy Metals Concentration in Agricultural Research Farm Federal Polytechnic Ile-Oluji and Environs
Authors: Awoleye G. O. , Olatunji O. , Agunbiade O. J.
Published: October 2021

Exposure level of radiation and heavy metal concentration were examined in Agricultural research farm, Federal Polytechnic Ile-Oluji and environs using a gamma scout survey meter and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy respectively. The exposure level was determined by placing a survey meter 1 m above the soil level in each sampling point. The mean value of exposure level was 0.5113 µSv hr-1which was higher than the recommended limit of 0.11µSv hr-1 [1]. For the heavy metal values, there is a general increase in the concentration from Zn metal to Pb in the order Zn>Fe>Cu>Cr>Cd>As>Pb. The highest concentration of heavy metals was recorded for Zn while Pb metal has the lowest heavy metal concentration for the soil samples. In the plant samples however, the trend of heavy metals is as Cu>Zn>Fe>Cr>Cd>As>Pb. The highest concentration of the metals is recorded for Cu metal while Pb has the lowest value.Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Zn and Fe were all above permissible levels in plant materials while only Pb and As have lower values than the safety limit.The transfer factor from soil to plant is greater than 0.5 in some of the areas indicating a high risk through the food chain to man. Similarly, most of the metals have transfer factors greater than 0.2 which is also an indication of contamination of the Cassava plant in the study area.
Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Uptake of Coloured Capsicum Hybrids (Capsicum annuum var. grossum L.) as Influenced by Different Irrigation Levels under Shade Net
Authors: Kiruthiga B. , Kumar K. Avil , Kumar K. Sreenivasa , Srinivas A.
Published: October 2021

Aim: The experiment was aimed at evaluating the influence of different irrigation levels on dry matter production and nutrient uptake of coloured capsicum hybrids.

Study Design:  Split plot design with three replications

Place and Duration of Study: Horticultural farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during rabi 2018-19.

Methodology: The experiment was laid out in split plot design and the treatments comprises of four irrigation levels viz., drip irrigation at 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 Epan as main treatments and three hybrids viz., Indra (green), Orobelle (yellow), Bomby (red) as sub treatments and replicated thrice. The recommended dose of nutrients were 100:80:60 N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1 and entire dose of P2O5 was applied as basal, N and K2O was applied through venturi meter as fertigation on three days interval from 9 to 153 DAT. The crop was transplanted at 45 cm × 40 cm spacing in September under a green shade net. Irrigation scheduling was done based on daily evaporation data recorded from USWB class ‘A’ pan evaporimeter. The cumulative daily evaporation during crop growth period was 737.5 mm. Quantity of water applied including special operations of 26 mm and effective rainfall during crop growth period were 245.3, 392.0, 546.5 and 698.5 mm and 58.6, 64.2, 74.6, 82.6 mm out of 127.4 mm of rainfall for 100, 80, 60 and 40 per cent irrigation treatments, respectively as per water balance method. Bed size was 7.6 m × 0.9 m.

Results: Significantly higher yield (47.50 t ha-1) was recorded with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan than rest of the treatments. Indra recorded significantly higher yield (40.27 t ha-1) than other two hybrids. The interaction effect between drip irrigation levels and hybrids was not significant on Dry Matter Production and N, P & K uptakes and economics of capsicum. DMP and nutrient uptake were significantly higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan than 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4 Epan throughout the crop growth over other drip irrigation levels. Among hybrids, Indra recorded significantly higher DMP and nutrient uptake than other two hybrids.
A Study on Influence of Different Weed Management Practices on Yield and Economics of Rabi Groundnut in Telangana State
Authors: Charitha N. , Madhavi M. , Pratibha G. , Ramprakash T.
Published: October 2021

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different high efficiency herbicides as pre and post-emergence application on the economics of groundnut at College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, during rabi 2020-21. The experiment consisted of ten treatments laid out in randomised block design (RBD) replicated thrice. Treatments are diclosulam 84% WDG 26 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS, imazethapyr 2% EC + pendimethalin 30% EC 960 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS, pyroxasulfone 85 % WDG 127.5 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS, propaquizafop 2.5% + imazethapyr 3.75% w/w ME 125 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, imazethapyr 35% +  imazamox 35% WG 70 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, sodium acifluorfen 16.5%  EC + clodinafop propargyl 8%  EC 250 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, imazethapyr 10% SL 100 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, intercultivation (20 and 40 DAS), intercultivation fb hand weeding (20 and 40 DAS) (Weed-free) and Unweeded control. The findings also conveys that, among all the weed management practices, higher gross returns were realized with intercultivation fb hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and among the herbicides, diclosulam 26 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS and imazethapyr + pendimethalin 960 g ha-1 PE of fb intercultivation at 20 DAS recorded higher returns. However the net returns and B: C ratio was significantly highest with diclosulam 26 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS and imazethapyr + pendimethalin at 960 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS.
Effect of Cutting Size on the Performance of Exogenous Auxin IBA in Vegetative Propagation of Rubus erythroclados Mart. ex Hook. f.
Authors: Tagliari Balestrin Júlio , Baroni Talissa , Marcia Rogalski Juliana
Published: October 2021

Aim: The climbing shrub Rubus erythroclados Mart. ex Hook. f. (amora-verde) has great food (fruits) and medicinal (leaves) potential. However, this species remains understudied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between cutting size and IBA concentration in the vegetative propagation of R. erythroclados by stem cuttings.

Study Design: The experimental design used was completely randomized in a 3x5 factorial combination. The cutting size factor was represented by three levels (10, 15 and 20 cm) and IBA concentration factor by five levels (0, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 and 4,000 mg L-1).

Results: There was an interaction between the factors in 13 of the 19 variables analyzed, being: live cuttings at 30 and 60 days, live cuttings with callus formation, sprouted cuttings at 30, 60 and 90 days, rooted cuttings, shoot number, shoot diameter, root number, root length, length of the largest root and root diameter. Size increase of the R. erythroclados cuttings caused a decrease in the phytotoxic effect of IBA in the development of the aerial part. The effect of IBA in response to rooting induction, in the larger size of R. erythroclados cuttings, required an increase in IBA concentration compared to the cuttings of shorter size.

Conclusion: Cuttings of 10 and 15 cm treated with 1,000 mg L-1 of IBA showed greater rooting (20.0%) compared to the other treatments, being, therefore, indicated for the vegetative propagation of R. erythroclados by stem cuttings.
Estimation of Chilling Accumulation for Blackberry (Rubus sp.) Using Mathematical Models
Authors: Carpenedo Silvia , Bassols Raseira Maria do Carmo , Cezar Franzon Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

As the climate change takes place, the cultivation of temperate climate crops in subtropical areas has become a challenge. The success of fruit crops, such as blackberry, in certain areas depends basically on its chilling requirement and the chilling accumulation in those areas. Usually the models used to predict those accumulations presents widely variable results being necessary to test the models in the location where the species is cultivated. The objective of this work was to estimate the chilling requirement for bud break of   blackberry cultivars Caingangue, BRS Cainguá, Guarani, Tupy, BRS Xavante, BRS Xingu, Brazos, Cherokee and Choctaw, using the models of Utah, Positive Utah, Low Chill, Taiwan, Chilling Hours ≤7.2°C, Chilling Hours ≤11°C, and Dynamic and both temperature and phenological data from 2010 to 2019. The results showed a high variability in cold accumulation for all studied cultivars in all tested models. None of the models performed perfectly to estimate chilling requirement however, the Taiwan and the Utah Positive models can be used to provide a rough estimate of this requirement. On the other hand, Utah and Low Chill      models are clearly not suitable for estimating blackberry chilling requirement. The estimated    chilling requirement showed that all the studied cultivars are well adapted to the climatic       conditions of the southern Rio Grande do Sul, which is emphasized by their good productivity in most of the years.
Immediate Effect of Muscle Energy Technique and Kalternborn Mobilisation Technique on Pain in Diabetic Patients with Periarthritis of Shoulder
Authors: Somaiya Kamya , Vardhan G. D. Vishnu , Bele Ashish
Published: October 2021

Background: Periarthritis Shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that results in tissue degeneration, thickening of the joint capsule, and a narrowing of the glenoid cavity. Diabetes mellitus is linked to many debilitating musculoskeletal disorders of the hand and shoulder. Prevalence of adhesive capsulitis or frozen shoulder is estimated to be 11-30 percent in people with diabetes. Various interventions have already been used to prevent pain and improve quality of life. Both Muscle Energy Technique and Kalternborn Mobilization Technique are thought to have a pain-relieving effect.

Aim & Objective: The study's aim is to compare the effects of both techniques on pain in diabetic patients.

Methods/Design: In this study experimental study, the participants will be divided into two groups: Kalternborn Mobilization Technique Group (A) and Muscle Energy Technique Group (B) based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both interventions include 30-45 min session which will be carried out for duration of four days. Outcome will be Pain and Quality of Life and outcome measures will be evaluated at beginning and at the end of intervention period.

Result: Successful Completion of trial of Muscle Energy Technique and Kalternborn Mobilisation Technique will provide evidence for best strategy targeting Pain and quality of life in diabetic patients with Periarthritis of Shoulder.

Conclusion: The study will be concluded with the significant effect of Muscle Energy Technique and Kalternborn Mobilisation Technique on Periarthritis shoulder of diabetic patients.
O DISCURSO SOBRE O AMOR NO BANQUETE, DE PLATÃO, E A PRESENÇA DE DIOTIMA DE MANTINEIA: MULHER/SACERDOTISA/HETAIRA
Authors: Dos Santos Yvisson Gomes , Matias Lima Walter
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre o discurso de Diotima de Mantineia no Banquete, de Platão (2016). Foi utilizada a fala da sacerdotisa e hetaira (prostituta) através da alocução de Sócrates para tratar sobre o Amor como entidade demiúrgica. Na dialética platônica observamos que o Eros é um intermediário entre os homens e os deuses: filho nascido de uma mãe pobre e de um pai com recursos. A questão hipotética levantada através do texto/tecido do aristocrata Platão foi a entrada, mesmo que em instância discursiva, de uma mulher, em recinto masculino, para fazer encômio ao Amor no diálogo platônico. É de nota que Diotima de Mantineia era uma sacerdotisa e hetaira (cortesã), e que, por esse motivo, sua presença era tolerada entre os convivas do Banquete, mesmo que, repetindo: em domínio eminentemente da discursividade. Concluímos que a presença de Diotima de Mantineia trouxe ao enredo filosófico do Banquete a oportunidade de reafirmar a metafisica platônica das Formas (mundo das Ideias) e da experiência (mundo sensível) que afetam a formação do ser filósofo, este, por sua vez, devedor da Episteme nascida da Doxa para ser um amante autêntico da sabedoria.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Banquete; Diotima de Mantineia; Hetaira; Eros.
“VIVER ATÉ O DIA DA SUA MORTE”: UMA DISCUSSÃO ACERCA DOS CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS COM CRIANÇAS A PARTIR DO FILME OPERAÇÃO BIG HERO
Authors: Nabozny Lurian Ruth , Silva Rosanna Rita
Published: October 2021

Este artigo discorre sobre o funcionamento pulsional nas toxicomanias. A toxicomania é um modo de existir em que a droga se torna central, funcionando como objeto privilegiado da pulsão. Por esse motivo, ela pode ser considerada uma das expressões mais claras da pulsão de morte desfusionada, conquanto não configure uma compulsão à repetição. O toxicômano, prescindindo da relação com os outros, manipula quimicamente as fontes pulsionais com o tóxico, regredindo ao autoerotismo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Toxicomania; Pulsão; Droga; Pulsão de Morte. 1 Acadêmica
BLIRIUM: MÚSICA E CLARÃO
Authors: Da Fonseca Seger Débora , De Sousa Edson Luiz André
Published: October 2021

A partir da peça Blirium, do compositor brasileiro Gilberto Mendes e, em especial de sua forma Blirium C-9, buscamos explorar, no presente artigo, alguns pontos de articulação entre o uso da indeterminação na música erudita experimental, a concepção de utopia tal qual elaborada pelo filósofo Ernst Bloch e o conceito psicanalítico de objeto a.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: música, indeterminação, utopia, psicanálise, objeto a.
ALLER À LA RENCONTRE D’HILDEGARD DE BINGEN…
Authors: Calvet Curbaille Corinne
Published: October 2021

Aller à la rencontre d’Hildegarde de Bingen, c’est aller à la découverte d’une singularité qui tente de se dire tout en s’extrayant par l’emploi d’une production, faisant oeuvre multiple, de ce qu’elle nous annonce comme une certaine vérité sur sa jouissance féminine. Il faudra revenir sur une production artistique peu commune brodée autour d’une rencontre avec un bout de réel. Elle va employer les éléments du savoir transmis et les mettre au service d’une cause divine, pour elle, et faire résonner pour nous ce qui de sa chair s’est épris de l’Autre dans cette lettre vivante et centrale au coeur de son écriture. L’hypothèse à ce travail se plait à interroger la jouissance féminine. « Cette jouissance qu’on éprouve et dont on ne sait rien, n’est-ce-pas ce qui nous met sur la voie de l’ex-sistence? Et, pourquoi ne pas interpréter une face de l’Autre, la face Dieu, comme supportée par la jouissance féminine? » (LACAN, 1975, p 71).MOTS-CLÉS: Féminin, jouissances, création, objet voix, sinthome.
O QUE SIGMUND FREUD NOS FALA SOBRE O ÓDIO?
Authors: Lemos Joelma Galvão de
Published: October 2021

O ódio e o amor aparecem na obra de Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) muitas vezes de maneira simultânea e ambivalente; ao falar de um, comenta-se ainda que brevemente do outro. Apesar de o teórico não ter definido o ódio como um conceito, esse afeto aparece em vários momentos da elaboração de sua teoria, desde os textos clínicos aos textos sociais, demonstrando sua importância no processo de formação do sujeito, das relações de identificação que este estabelece ao longo da vida e, consequentemente, dos vínculos afetivos que circulam pela sociedade. A leitura dos textos freudianos nos ajuda a compreender melhor porque é tão fácil ao homem fazer uso do discurso de ódio e até mesmo de ações agressivas e violentas no convívio com o outro.  Palavras-Chave: Ódio; Psicanálise; Identificação.
O ESTATUTO DA INTERPRETAÇÃO EM PSICANÁLISE
Authors: Junior Ricardo Brandel , Dal-Cól Denise Maria Lopes
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo examina o estatuto da interpretação em Psicanálise. Para tanto, utilizou-se alguns pontos da obra de Freud que tratam da interpretação dos sonhos. Tal escolha de percurso se justifica pela equivalência entre os sonhos e os sintomas. A partir desta leitura investigativa foi possível verificar que a interpretação em psicanálise não se desvincula de seus fundamentos conceituais e que o conceito de interpretação é corolário ao conceito que se faz de inconsciente – o que não é sem consequências para a direção de cura.Palavras-Chave: Inconsciente; Interpretação; Psicanálise; Sonhos; Sintoma.
O CORPO UMA PALAVRA AMORDAÇADA: DA CLÍNICA PSICANALÍTICA AO ÂMBITO DA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Moraes Camila de Freitas , Mendes Rudimar
Published: October 2021

O corpo uma palavra amordaçada: da clínica psicanalítica ao âmbito da saúde mental” tem como objetivo apontar, a partir dos ensinos de Foucault, Freud e Lacan a reflexão sobre o lugar representativo do corpo do louco que tende a ser emudecido - seja pela via do excesso de medicalização ou pela exclusão desse sujeito - e que, aparentemente, parece não pertencer a lugar nenhum, nem nos discursos da clínica psiquiátrica, tampouco, nos discursos sociais. Neste trabalho, será exposto o método psicanalítico para se pensar o papel do analista na apreensão do sofrimento psíquico, bem como o desafio na interlocução da psicanálise com o campo da saúde mental. Conclui-se que o corpo do louco, enquanto pertencente ao tecido social, dá ao psicanalista um papel fundante no campo da saúde mental, principalmente, de propiciar que essas palavras não ditas passem a ser ouvidas na cultura. Apostar em uma mudança da relação que o sujeito tem com o seu sintoma, permitindo a ele um espaço da invenção.Palavras-Chave: Saúde mental; Normatização do corpo; Corpo na Psicanálise; Poder psiquiátrico.
QUANDO O PONTO SURDO NÃO ENSURDECE E ALGUMAS NOTAS PSICANALÍTICAS E MUSICAIS
Authors: OLIVEIRA LUCAS EMMANOEL CARDOSO DE
Published: October 2021

VIVÈS, J.-M. Variações psicanalíticas sobre a voz e a pulsão invocante. Tradução: Vera Avellar Ribeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Contra Capa, 2018. 164 p.
Revista Completa, Ano 17 número 03 Edição de dezembro de 2019
Authors: Souza Joana
Published: October 2021

Com muita alegria, abrimos esta edição trazendo seção de artigos temáticos, que versa sobre a temática da memória, da voz, da música e das musicalidades em psicanálise, três instigantes artigos que abrangem com pertinência o cruzamento entre psicanálise e cultura. Em consonância com a Edição Especial de Psicanálise & Barroco em Revista sobre o tema “Psicanálise e Política: versões e reversões do mundo e do imundo” lançado no mês de Outubro deste ano, abrimos este número com um escrito do psicanalista Jean-Michel Vivès que é, ao mesmo tempo, uma reflexão profunda sobre a incidência da voz – em sua vertente superegóica – em diferentes correntes políticas autoritárias e, principalmente, um convite, um chamado, à criação de outras saídas e escolhas possíveis que confirmem a dimensão desejante dos sujeitos. Desejamos a todos uma excelente leitura!
IL N’Y AVAIT PAS D’AUTRE CHOIX POSSIBLE ": CONFORMISME, CONFORMITE ET CONFIRMATION - UNE APPROCHE PSYCHANALYTIQUE DU DEVENIR-DESISTANT OU DU DEVENIR-PERSISTANT.
Authors: Vivès Jean-Michel
Published: October 2021

À partir d’une différenciation précise du sens des termes de conformisme, conformité et confirmation, l’auteur s’attache à décrire les mécanismes psychiques en jeu dans le devenir-désistant (ce qui implique de céder sur son désir) et dans le devenir-persistant (qui aurait à voir avec la perlaboration du désir). Ce parcours du conformisme à la confirmation, permet de préciser l’aphorisme lacanien concernant l’éthique de la psychanalyse :  “As-tu agi en conformité avec ton désir ?”Mots-Clés: conformisme, conformité, confirmation, désir, éthique, surmoi, voix.
CONSONÂNCIAS E DISSONÂNCIAS NOS MODOS DE ESCUTA NA MÚSICA E NA PSICANÁLISE
Authors: Picún Olga , Caraballo Ana Maria Fernández
Published: October 2021

Na ampla história da música ocidental, cujo antecedente direto é geralmente localizado na Grécia Antiga, o ouvinte e a escuta experimentaram múltiplas mudanças. A lei que rege um modo de escutar não se encontra fora de determinações históricas, políticas, sociais que excedem o campo especificamente musical. Não obstante, as transformações musicais são inevitáveis para se aproximar de uma compreensão das mudanças que se produzem no ouvinte e no ato de escutar uma obra musical. De que maneira a música foi tratada por Freud e por Lacan? Qual interesse pode suscitar para a psicanálise as dimensões sonoras em seus diferentes tratamentos? De que modo se produzem as transformações sonoras no modernismo e como elas afetam a escuta? Que relações podem ser estabelecidas entre estas transformações e a psicanálise?Palavras Chave: Consonâncias; Dissonâncias; Música; Psicanálise.
AS INSTITUIÇÕES PSICANALÍTICAS E SUAS FORMAÇÕES SINTOMÁTICAS
Authors: Fuks Betty Bernardo
Published: October 2021

A autora aborda o tema do ensino e transmissão da psicanálise a partir da famosa frase, atribuída a Freud por ocasião de sua chegada aos Estados Unidos em 1909,  “Eles não sabem o que estamos lhes trazendo: a peste”, propõe refletir  sobre os impasses sintomáticos das instituições psicanalistas frente à realidade do inconsciente.
MUSICA, AFETO, PSICANALISE
Authors: Bernard David
Published: October 2021

A questão se encaminha sobre por que, e em que, a música pode afetar os seres falantes. Marcel Proust, em sua Busca, respondeu a isto da sua própria maneira. Igualmente tomaremos como apoio o que ele nos ensina para questionar o que a psicanálise, por sua vez, poderia dizer a este respeito. Por fim, gostaríamos, assim, de precisar as relações entre a música e a linguagem e as repercussões destas na clínica.
A PULSÃO EM FREUD E O BARROCO EPISTEMOLÓGICO
Authors: Cabral André Fernando Gil Alcon
Published: October 2021

A pulsão foi certamente o conceito que mais trouxe questões para Freud e a psicanálise. Os motivos são inúmeros, mas o principal é que, conforme a interpretação dada, acaba-se por determinar uma localização do discurso freudiano em um campo de saber predeterminado. Assim, rompe-se com a ambiguidade inerente ao próprio conceito, traindo a concepção freudiana que o caracteriza pelo seu caráter fronteiriço. Deste modo, recolocaremos em jogo a abordagem da pulsão pela literatura e pela ciência para em seguida demonstrar a necessidade de interpretar o conceito de pulsão segundo o barroquismo da psicanálise. Eis a necessidade de apresentarmos Freud como um Nome Próprio.
A CONSTITUIÇÃO DO PERSONAGEM A PARTIR DISCURSO DO EU ILUDIDO: IDENTIDADE, SOMBRA E VIOLÊNCIA INVISÍVEL
Authors: Da Silveira Rafael
Published: October 2021

O poder do discurso materno: Introdução à metodologia de construção da biografia humana. GUTMAN, Laura. Trad. Lizandra Magon de Almeida. 4. ed. São Paulo: Ágora, 2013
A PARANOIA DO NEGRO NO BRASIL, A ANÁLISE DE ARTHUR RAMOS: UMA RELAÇÃO ENTRE IDENTIFICAÇÃO, CRIME E PUNIÇÃO
Authors: Grecco João Ezequiel
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, propomos expor e discutir a construção teórica do médico e psiquiatra alagoano Arthur Ramos de Araújo Pereira (1903-1940), que estabeleceu relações entre os fatores de degenerescência e miscigenação na paranoia do Negro no Brasil, inter-relacionada com o processo da identificação, crime e punição. Em um primeiro momento seguidor da escola fundada pelo médico maranhense Raimundo Nina Rodrigues (1862-1906), professor da faculdade de medicina da Bahia, na qual o processo das anormalidades mentais residia no fator da miscigenação, isso é, a mistura consanguínea entre Negros, brancos e Índios, e a degenerescência. Seria atribuído fatores de violência e crime baseada em consequências na qual as condições da degenerescência, proposta teórica de Cesar Lombroso (1835-1909) e a teoria atávica de Tanzi e Riva, determinavam ao Negro um caráter de anormalidade mental paranoico onde as condições do crime e a violência seriam diretamente vinculados. Ao traçar nesse artigo os aspectos teóricos dados por Arthur Ramos no conceito de paranoia do Negro e sua relação com o crime e punição, de outra feita suas tentativas de enfatizar não só a singularidade do Negro, mas de formular o conceito do Inconsciente Folklórico. Uma pergunta fara parte desse trabalho; em que condição na contemporaneidade ainda seria possível levar em consideração as condições do Negro no Brasil e a relação da paranoia como catástrofe social, entre a constituição da paranoia como categoria clínica e a experiencia estética social de crise, isto é, da transformação.
Association Between Structural Change Over Eighteen Months and Subsequent Symptom Change in Middle‐Aged Patients Treated for Meniscal Tear
Authors: Katz Jeffrey N. , Collins Jamie E. , Jones Morgan , Spindler Kurt P. , Marx Robert G. , Mandl Lisa A. , Levy Bruce A. , Wright Rick , Jarraya Mohamed , Guermazi Ali , MacFarlane Lindsey A. , Losina Elena , Chang Yuchiao
Published: October 2021

Objective

Middle‐aged subjects with meniscal tear treated with arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) experience greater progression of damage to joint structures on imaging than subjects treated nonoperatively. It is unclear whether these changes are clinically relevant. The goal of this study was to assess whether worsening in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–assessed tissue damage over 18 months leads to subsequent worsening in knee pain over the subsequent 3.5 years.

Methods

We used data from the Meniscal Tear in Osteoarthritis Research (MeTeOR) trial of APM versus physical therapy for subjects ages ≥45 years with knee pain, cartilage damage, and meniscal tear. We assessed whether change in cartilage surface area damage score (and other structural measures) from baseline to 18 months, assessed on MRI with the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) system, was associated with change in Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) pain score (range 0–100; 100 = worst) from 18 to 60 months.

Results

The primary analysis included 168 subjects with complete MRI data at baseline and 18 months and KOOS data at 18 and 60 months. We did not observe clinically important associations between change in cartilage surface area score between baseline and 18 months and change in pain scores from 18 to 60 months. Pain scores in the worst tertile for cartilage surface area damage score progression worsened by 0.45 points more than in the best tertile (95% confidence interval –4.45, 5.35). Similarly, we did not observe clinically important associations between changes in bone marrow lesions, osteophytes, or synovitis and subsequent pain.

Conclusion

We did not observe clinically important associations between early changes in cartilage damage and other structural measures and worsening in pain over the subsequent 3.5 years. Further follow‐up is required to assess this association over a longer follow‐up period.
Interaction of Grain Boundaries and Particles in Uncooperative Migration
Authors: Bhuiyan M. Nabil , Jabir Najwa , Liao Yiliang , Mushongera Leslie T.
Published: October 2021

The ubiquitous motion of grain boundaries is responsible for determining the unique microstructural patterns and stability of polycrystalline materials. By employing the versatile multi‐phase field modeling methodology, the role of inert second‐phase particles on the dynamics of grain boundaries under conditions of uncooperative migration is analyzed. Systematic studies are carried out to understand the influence of various particle shapes on the motion of the grain boundaries with a particular attention put on the interfacial interactions. It is found that the motion of the grain boundaries is impeded by pinning effects exerted by these particles. The ability of the moving boundaries to pass through particles of distinct morphologies is different, with the simulation results showing a big influence of particle alignment and the aspect ratio on the pinning of grain boundaries. The results suggest that elongated and flat‐type spheroid particles are more likely to preserve the grain structure by reducing coarsening significantly.
Investigation of the Long‐Term Storage Stability of Shape Memory Epoxy Prepolymer
Authors: Wan Xue , He Yang , Leng Jinsong
Published: October 2021

Epoxy‐based shape memory polymers (ESMPs) are important types of thermoset shape memory polymers due to their unique thermomechanical properties, which have great potential in applications ranging from smart actuators to deformable structures. The long‐term storage stability is important for ESMPs, especially when pursuing the same batch of materials for alternatives. Stable storage of ESMP preplomyers in the long term and taking it out for curing when needed are of great benefit to engineering applications which highly require the same batch of materials for high production efficiency, such as in deployable space structures, semiconductor, and electronic packaging. However, this important storage stability of ESMP has not been studied so far. Herein, a series of ESMPs with tunable glass transition temperatures (Tgs) ranging from 100 to 170 °C is prepared. The effect of long‐term storage at low temperatures on rheological, thermal, thermomechanical, mechanical, and shape memory properties is systematically investigated. The ESMP after storage shows an improvement of crosslinking density, Tgs, and mechanical strength, while maintaining chemical structures and excellent shape memory properties. This feasible method of low‐temperature storage realizes overall long‐term stability and enhancement of strength in ESMPs, making it more promising for engineering applications.
Injectable Acylhydrazone‐Linked RAFT Polymer Hydrogels for Sustained Protein Release and Cell Encapsulation
Authors: Lin Fang‐Yi , Dimmitt Nathan H. , Moraes de Lima Perini Mariana , Li Jiliang , Lin Chien‐Chi
Published: October 2021

A new class of temperature responsive polymer, termed PADO, is synthesized by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization. Synthesized from copolymerization of diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), di(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether acrylate, and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate, PADO polymer phase separates at temperature above its lower critical solution temperature (36–42 °C) due to enhanced hydrophobic interactions between the short ethylene glycol side chains. Solution of PADO polymers exhibit injectable shear‐thinning properties and reach sol–gel transition rapidly (<5 min) at 37 °C. When the ketone moieties on DAAM are linked by adipic acid dihydrazdie, PADO polymers form crosslinked and injectable acylhydrazone hydrogels, which are hydrolytically degradable at a mild acidic environment owing to the pH sensitive acylhydrazone bonds. The pH‐responsive degradation kinetics can be controlled by tuning polymer contents and ketone/hydrazide ratio. Importantly, the injectable PADO hydrogels are highly cytocompatible and can be easily formulated for pH‐responsive sustained protein delivery.
Mechanical and rheological properties of recycled high‐density polyethylene and ronier palm leaf fiber based biocomposites
Authors: Diouf Papa Mbaye , Thiandoume Coumba , Abdulrahman Sajith T. , Ndour Ousmane , Jibin K. P. , Maria Hanna J. , Thomas Sabu , Tidjani Adams
Published: October 2021

Recycled plastic (rHDPE) was coupled with different weight percentage of ronier palm leaf fiber (RLFs) to prepare eco‐friendly polymer biocomposites. Fourier transform infrared analysis, tensile test, dynamic rheological test, hardness test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and density measurement were used to determine the structural, mechanical, morphological and physical properties of the biocomposites. The modulus showed excellent improvement with the addition of RLFs. G′ and G″ were found to increase with the increment of both the filler content and the angular frequency. At low frequencies, the loss factor was increased with the frequency and decreased with the RLFs content. However, at high frequencies, it was decreased with both the angular frequency and the RLFs content. The complex viscosity η* was found to be increasing and decreasing with the RLFs content and the angular frequency, respectively. SEM micrographs of tensile fractured surfaces of biocomposites show pulled out RLFs zones and voids due to the presence of agglomeration. Finally, the experimental Young's modulus data was compared with theoretical predictions. A good fit was obtained with Einstein Model.
Polyamide 6‐based thermoplastic vulcanizate for thermostability: An experimental and theoretical investigation
Authors: Jiang Chao , Ma Lifeng
Published: October 2021

In engineering cases, nonuniform temperature and pressure loads will cause greater thermal stress and deformation of the structure. The creep of materials will also accelerate with the increase of temperature, which greatly reduces the service life of parts. This study improves the vulcanization effect and two‐phase compatibility of polyamide 6‐based thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV), and the elastic modulus of the material was increased to resist deformation and creep. The compatibility and mechanical properties of the materials were analyzed by dynamic thermodynamic analysis. The temperature and stress of charge air pipe are numerically calculated by fluid‐thermal‐solid coupling. The results show that at 120°C, the strain of TPV is less than 3%, and no plastic deformation occurs. Based on the principle of time–temperature superposition, the long‐term creep behavior at reference temperature is predicted by stepped isothermal method through short‐term temperature rise creep experiment. The creep strain after 105 h at 60°C of TPV grafted by maleic anhydride (TPV‐g‐MAH) is only 2.8%, indicating that it has good durability in the application of charge air pipes.
Tetraphenylethene Functionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Fluorescent Probe for Rapid and Selective Trifluralin Sensing in Vegetables and Fruits
Authors: Hu Hongzhi , Hu Yufei , Xia Ling , Li Gongke
Published: October 2021

A novel fluorescent probe was designed and synthesized from tetraphenylethene (TPE) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) via Heck‐palladium catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction. The as‐synthesized TPE functionalized probe performed good solvent stability and selectively preconcentration capability towards target analyte due to its stable structure and the adsorption property. The morphology as well as the physical and chemical properties of the POSS@TPE were carefully characterized. The POSS@TPE was employed to develop an effective fluorescent probe for trifluralin, with a response range of 0.1‐80 mg/kg and a detection limit of 0.102 mg/kg. The mixed mechanisms of inner‐filter effect (IFE) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) explain the selectivity of POSS@TPE. Rapid detection for trifluralin in tomato and celery has been achieved with recoveries between 99.4–120.7% (RSD≤3.4%), and the results were verified compared with GC‐MS method.
Urinary tract infection due to Group B Streptococcus: A case series from Eastern India
Authors: Mohanty Srujana , Purohit Geetarani , Rath Sutapa , Seth Rajeev Kumar , Mohanty Rashmi Ranjan
Published: October 2021

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae is an uncommon causative agent of urinary tract infection (UTI). We present a series of seven cases of UTI due to GBS from a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India, highlighting its emerging role in a hitherto less commonly described clinical entity.
Cobalt‐based Nanoreactors in Combined Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis and Hydroprocessing: Effects on Methane and CO2 Selectivity
Authors: Straß‐Eifert Angela , Sheppard Thomas L. , Becker Henning , Friedland Jens , Zimina Anna , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk , Güttel Robert
Published: October 2021

The production of liquid hydrocarbons from syngas (CO and H2) via the combined Fischer‐Tropsch (FT) synthesis and hydroprocessing (HP) is a promising strategy to provide valuable chemicals and fuels based on renewable feedstocks. High yields of liquid products are essential for industrial implementation since short‐chain side products like methane and CO2 reduce the overall carbon efficiency, which holds true especially for bi‐functional Co/zeolite catalysts. In order to investigate the influence of the support material properties on the methane and CO2 selectivities in the combined FT and HP reaction, we synthesized four well‐defined catalyst materials with similar cobalt particle sizes. The active material is supported on either meso‐ or microporous silicates or aluminosilicates. The catalytic properties are investigated in FT experiments at industrially relevant conditions (20 bar, 200–260 °C) and correlated with in situ x‐ray absorption spectroscopy results to determine the chemical environment responsible for the selectivity observed. The origin of the high methane selectivity detected for crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicate was mainly traced back to the strong cobalt‐support interactions. The high CO2 selectivity, observed only for crystalline zeolite materials, is driven by the presence of oxidized cobalt species, while the acidic support in combination with micropores and possible overcracking leads to the observed drop in the C5+ selectivity.
Insertion Chemistry of Lutetacyclopropene toward Unsaturated C−O/C−N Bonds
Authors: Lv Ze‐Jie , Liu Wei , Zhu Miaomiao , Chai Zhengqi , Wei Junnian , Zhang Wen‐Xiong
Published: October 2021

Although the reaction chemistry of transition metallacyclopropenes has been well‐established in the last decades, the reactivity of rare‐earth metallacyclopropenes remains elusive. Herein, we report the reaction of lutetacyclopropene 1 toward a series of unsaturated molecules. The reaction of 1 with one equiv. of PhCOMe, Ar1CHO (Ar1=2,6‐Me2C6H3), W(CO)6, and PhCH=NPh provided oxalutetacyclopentenes, metallacyclic lutetoxycarbene, and azalutetacyclopentene via 1,2‐insertion of C=O, C≡O, or C=N bonds into Lu−Csp2 bond, respectively. However, the reaction between 1 and Ar2N=C=NAr2 (Ar2=4‐MeC6H4) gave an acyclic lutetium complex with a diamidinate ligand by the coupling of one molecule of 1 with two carbodiimides, irrespective of the amount of carbodiimide employed. More interestingly, when 1 was treated with two equiv. of Ar1CHO, the reductive coupling of two C=O bonds was discovered to give a lutetium pinacolate complex along with the release of tolan. Remarkably, the reactivity of 1 is significantly different from that of scandacyclopropenes; these metallacycles derived from 1 all represent the first cases in rare‐earth organometallic chemistry.
Management of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: Diagnostic consideration of sensitization to non‐frequent pollen allergens
Authors: Höflich Conny , Balakirski Galina , Hajdu Zuzanna , Baron Jens Malte , Fietkau Katharina , Merk Hans F. , Strassen Ulrich , Bier Henning , Dott Wolfgang , Mücke Hans‐Guido , Straff Wolfgang , Wurpts Gerda , Yazdi Amir S. , Chaker Adam , Röseler Stefani T. M.
Published: October 2021

Background

Diagnosis of pollen allergies is mainly based on test allergens for skin prick testing. In the minimum battery of test inhalant allergens recommended by the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network 10 pollen allergens are included. Complementary other pollen allergens may need to be considered; however, respective awareness may not always be granted. Furthermore, at least in Germany, the situation may be even more complicated by the fact that test allergens need regulatory approval. A decline in commercially available test allergens may result in a diagnostic gap regarding patients with non‐frequent allergies. How many patients with non‐frequent pollen allergies would be affected by this gap? The data presented here partly answer this question.

Methods

The study consisted of a descriptive and an analytical part. In the descriptive part, sensitization to frequent pollen allergens (alder, hazel, birch, sweet grasses; according to the German Therapy Allergen Ordinance) and to respective non‐frequent pollen allergens (cypress, Japanese cedar, ash, plane tree, olive, Bermuda grass, wall pellitory, plantain, goosefoot, mugwort, ragweed, and saltwort) was measured in adult patients with physician‐diagnosed allergic rhinitis from two German federal states, namely North‐Rhine Westphalia (n = 360) and Bavaria (n = 339), using skin prick testing and/or ISAC technology. Furthermore, respective regional pollen data were assessed. In the analytical part, sensitization data were correlated with each other and with anamnestic data on symptom periods.

Results

Sensitization to frequent pollen allergens ranged from 45% (sIgE to Aln g 1/Alder, NRW) to 72% (prick test reactivity to birch, NRW). Sensitization to non‐frequent pollen allergens ranged from 0% (sIgE to Amb a 1/ragweed, NRW) to 41% (prick test reactivity to olive, Bavaria). Sensitization data partly correlated with each other and in connection with symptom periods showed a partly similar seasonal pattern as pollen data.

Conclusions

Sensitization to non‐frequent pollen allergens have to be considered when examining patients with respective seasonal symptoms, and test (and respective therapy) allergens for non‐frequent pollen allergies need to be available. Further prerequisites for adequate patient management would be a nationwide pollen monitoring system giving continuous pollen data and a systematic sensitization monitoring at patient level.
Topoisomerase Assays
Authors: Nitiss John L. , Kiianitsa Kostantin , Sun Yilun , Nitiss Karin C. , Maizels Nancy
Published: October 2021

Topoisomerases are enzymes that play essential roles in DNA replication, transcription, chromosome segregation, and recombination. All cells have two major forms of DNA topoisomerases: type I enzymes, which make single‐stranded cuts in DNA, and type II enzymes, which cut and decatenate double‐stranded DNA. DNA topoisomerases are important targets of approved and experimental anti‐cancer agents. Provided in this article are protocols to assess activities of topoisomerases and their inhibitors. Included are an assay for topoisomerase I activity based on relaxation of supercoiled DNA; an assay for topoisomerase II based on the decatenation of double‐stranded DNA; and approaches for enriching and quantifying DNA‐protein covalent complexes formed as obligatory intermediates in the reactions of type I and II topoisomerases with DNA; and assays for measuring DNA cleavagein vitro. Topoisomerases are not the only proteins that form covalent adducts with DNA in living cells, and the approaches described here are likely to find use in characterizing other protein‐DNA adducts and exploring their utility as targets for therapy. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol 1: Assay of topoisomerase I activity

Basic Protocol 2: Assay of topoisomerase II activity

Basic Protocol 3:In vivodetermination of topoisomerase covalent complexes using thein vivocomplex of enzyme (ICE) assay

Support Protocol 1: Preparation of mouse tissue for determination of topoisomerase covalent complexes using the ICE assay

Support Protocol 2: Using recombinant topoisomerase standard for absolute quantification of cellular TOP2CC

Basic Protocol 4: Quantification of topoisomerase‐DNA covalent complexes by RADAR/ELISA: The rapid approach to DNA adduct recovery (RADAR) combined with the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Basic Protocol 5: Analysis of protein‐DNA covalent complexes by RADAR/Western

Support Protocol 3: Adduct‐Seq to characterize adducted DNA

Support Protocol 4: Nuclear fractionation and RNase treatment to reduce sample complexity

Basic Protocol 6: Determination of DNA cleavage by purified topoisomerase I

Basic Protocol 7: Determination of inhibitor effects on DNA cleavage by topoisomerase II using a plasmid linearization assay

Alternate Protocol: Gel electrophoresis determination of topoisomerase II cleavage
Sea surface temperature, rather than land mass or geographic distance, may drive genetic differentiation in a species complex of highly dispersive seabirds
Authors: Torres Lucas , Pante Eric , González‐Solís Jacob , Viricel Amélia , Ribout Cécile , Zino Francis , MacKin Will , Precheur Carine , Tourmetz Julie , Calabrese Licia , Militão Teresa , Zango Laura , Shirihai Hadoram , Bretagnolle Vincent
Published: October 2021

Seabirds, particularly Procellariiformes, are highly mobile organisms with a great capacity for long dispersal, though simultaneously showing high philopatry, two conflicting life‐history traits that may lead to contrasted patterns of genetic population structure. Landmasses were suggested to explain differentiation patterns observed in seabirds, but philopatry, isolation by distance, segregation between breeding and nonbreeding zones, and oceanographic conditions (sea surface temperatures) may also contribute to differentiation patterns. To our knowledge, no study has simultaneously contrasted the multiple factors contributing to the diversification of seabird species, especially in the gray zone of speciation. We conducted a multilocus phylogeographic study on a widespread seabird species complex, the little shearwater complex, showing highly homogeneous morphology, which led to considerable taxonomic debate. We sequenced three mitochondrial and six nuclear markers on all extant populations from the Atlantic (lherminieri) and Indian Oceans (bailloni), that is, five nominal lineages from 13 populations, along with one population from the eastern Pacific Ocean (representing thedichrouslineage). We found sharp differentiation among populations separated by the African continent with both mitochondrial and nuclear markers, while only mitochondrial markers allowed characterizing the five nominal lineages. No differentiation could be detected within these five lineages, questioning the strong level of philopatry showed by these shearwaters. Finally, we propose that Atlantic populations likely originated from the Indian Ocean. Within the Atlantic, a stepping‐stone process accounts for the current distribution. Based on our divergence time estimates, we suggest that the observed pattern of differentiation mostly resulted from historical and current variation in sea surface temperatures.