bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Improving the Naming of a Patient with Apraxia: A Single Case Study
Authors: AR Khatoonabadi
Published: April 2022

Aim: Studies have shown that transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) can modulate cortical activity and performance of both healthy and brain - damaged people. In the present study, we investigated the effect of tDCS on the recovery of naming in one patient with apraxia of speech. Methods: After establishing a baseline in 3 weeks, the participant received regular speech therapy for 3 weeks alongside with tDCS. The participant received anodic stimulation over the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s ar ea) while he performed the repetition task. Results: The results showed that the participant improved in the naming task after language treatment combined with tDCS in the treatment phase in comparison to the baseline phase, and this difference was clinica lly significant (RCI=2.652). Discussion: This study showed that associating the language therapy with noninvasive brain stimulation (e.g. tDCS) can have a positive effect on rehabilitation outcomes in patients with acquired apraxia of speech.
Breaking the Rules of Respiratory Diseases: Reviewing the Current Perspectives Regarding Thrombotic Conditions Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: King Ben
Published: April 2022

Many epidemiologic parameters of the viral infection are still being determined with precision, as the disease continues to spread - from the transmissibility, to the latent and infectious period, to the symptomatic case rate, to the case fatality proportion. Meanwhile, this virus has already broken many of the rules thought to apply to coronavirus-associated respiratory infection. The thrombotic pathology of COVID-19 and associated ischemic stroke risk is one of the most curious examples of this rule-breaking. In this editorial, we summarize the early findings of the COVID-19 pandemic with regard to thrombotic conditions and ischemic stroke in particular, and how these may be explained by the interwoven inflammatory mechanisms and coagulopathic cascade of viral infection. Questions have surfaced about the potential mechanisms and the degree to which thrombotic events like ischemic stroke have resulted from the COVID-19 disease. Unique features of the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and its cellular receptor protein Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 may illustrate why COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms experience large vessel occlusions. In lieu of a debate, there is a possible middle path that ties these mechanisms all together. Coagulation and inflammation reactions of the immune system are complementary and interrelated, but may also operate independently. Hypothetically, these two systems (inflammatory and coagulopathic) are not just overlapping, but synergistic in their biochemical pathways and therefore in their influence on clinical outcomes of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
A Short Article on the Superiority of Women
Authors: JF Welles
Published: April 2022

Women have been universally and eternally victimized by stereotyping to the degree those 400 years ago, no less of an expert on females than Cardinal de Richelieu concluded that “Intellect in a woman is unbecoming”.
An Update on Current and Emerging Therapies for Brain Metastases
Authors: Kanodia Avinash Kumar
Published: April 2022

Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common cause of brain malignancy, occurring 10 times more often than intracranial neoplasms. BMs most frequently arise from non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and breast carcinoma. The overall survival after BM diagnosis remains poor, but depends on patient age, performance status, type of primary tumour, time of diagnosis from the primary, as well as many other factors. The incidence of BMs may be due to the fact that some therapies control growth of the primary tumour, but such agents has a limited role in BM treatment, as they cannot or only partially penetrate the BBB. The brain therefore acts as a ‘sanctuary site’ for cancers which have successfully invaded the brain and escaped the effects of systemic cancer therapies. A reduced effect of classical systemic therapies on BMs can also be explained by other resistance mechanisms that only occur in the brain such as the astrocytic protection of extravagated cancer cells. Alternative approaches include surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery or whole brain radiotherapy. This review looks at the benefits and risks of different approaches to treatment of BMs and highlights areas of research in both current and prospective BM therapies.
CONSTRUÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO DE UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA SOBRE ÁCIDOS INORGÂNICOS PARA ALUNOS DO CAMPO
Authors: Virgens Almeida Ricardo das , Jesus Santos Ariane Cerqueira de , Pereira de Lima Mendes Maricleide
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as contribuições de uma Sequência Didática no processo de aprendizagem do conteúdo ácidos inorgânicos para estudantes do campo. Ocorreu a partir da construção e da aplicação de uma sequência de ensino realizada com 25 discentes de uma turma do 1º ano do Ensino Médio, em uma escola do campo, no segundo semestre do ano de 2019. Nosso trabalho se classifica como uma pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. O desenvolvimento desta atividade pedagógica articulada com a experimentação e com a ação dialogada facilitou progressivamente a aprendizagem dos estudantes em relação ao conteúdo, resultando em um maior engajamento entre os estudantes. Inferimos, ainda, que a vivência da sequência possibilitou avaliar níveis diferenciados de compreensão dos conceitos. Como conclusão, pontuamos que a utilização dessa prática demonstra ser uma ação pedagógica que pode ser trabalhada em diferentes contextos de ensino.
Abbé d’Aubignac : prétendant au trône du goût
Authors: Bourque Bernard J.
Published: April 2022

L’abbé d’Aubignac déclare comme maxime incontestable « que jamais personne ne sera savant dans la Poésie Dramatique, que par le secours des Anciens, et que dans le seul examen de leurs Pièces »1. Les nombreuses citations des auteurs antiques dans La Pratique du théâtre constituent une tentative de la part de d’Aubignac de démontrer ses vastes connaissances dans sa quête de s’imposer comme l’autorité du monde théâtral de son temps. Comme l’affirme Hélène Baby, « l’abbé réserve une place d’honneur à la pratique antique »2. Plaute, Sophocle, Euripide, Térence, Eschyle et Aristophane sont cités plus de trois cents fois dans La Pratique. Des dramaturges contemporains, seul Pierre Corneille attire une attention particulière dans la version non corrigée de l’ouvrage3. À l’égard des théoriciens, les auteurs qui sont le plus souvent cités sont Horace et Aristote. Clairement épris de ce dernier, l’abbé se place toutefois moins comme un disciple que comme une version évoluée de l’auteur de La Poétique. La présente étude vise à examiner l’attitude ambivalente de d’Aubignac à l’égard de l’Antiquité et à démontrer comment l’abbé essaie de s’imposer comme monarque incontesté sur le trône du goût.
Jean Piaget no ensino superior? O uso das atividades operatórias piagetianas nos últimos 50 anos
Authors: Marcondes Renato , Rutz da Silva Silvio Luiz
Published: April 2022

O ensino superior requer dos estudantes diversas estratégias e mecanismos que o tornam complexo, e a teoria do desenvolvimento cognitivo de Jean Piaget atua de forma basilar em tal compreensão, sendo um dos principais meios de investigação as atividades operatórias piagetianas (AOP). Portanto, objetiva-se apresentar uma revisão sistemática (RS) sobre pesquisas que investiguem aspectos cognitivos em discentes do ensino superior, por meio das AOP. Adotou-se o Protocolo Prisma para realização da RS em cinco bases de dados, obtendo-se um total de 38 documentos em aproximadamente 50 anos. Os resultados apontam para o surgimento de quatro tendências principais de pesquisas, bem como para um desenvolvimento cognitivo não condizente com o esperado em teoria, mostrando-se uma importante fragilidade no contexto do ensino superior, carente de ações afirmativas e educativas para elucidação. Por fim, apesar de meio século de pesquisas, essa temática se mostra atual e necessária, pois o conhecimento específico não pode, nem deve, ser desvinculado dos aspectos cognitivos no ambiente universitário.
The impact of the banking sector on economic growth in Poland ? an econometric analysis
Authors: Bukowski Sławomir Ireneusz , Kraczkowski Maks
Published: April 2022

The paper analyses the impact of the banking sector on economic growth in Poland. The aim of the paper was to analyse if the banking sector has a significant effect on economic growth in the case of Poland. Hence, the following hypothesis was formulated: there is  a statistically significant relation between the development of the banking sector and economic growth in Poland. On the basis of the applied econometric methods, it has been possible to demonstrate that the banking sector?s development has an economically and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Poland.
An analysis of the relationships among NASDAQ Baltic stock exchanges: VAR approach
Authors: Zięba Łukasz
Published: April 2022

The author examines the relationships among three stock exchanges of selected Baltic countries: Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. The respective stock exchange indexes are used as variables, OMXR for Latvia, OMXT for Estonia, and OMXV for Lithuania. The regression equations are estimated with the use of Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. The author employs 80 observations for the sample period from2002 Q1 to 2021 Q4. After determining the optimal lag order, the impulse response function is calculated. The variance decomposition is carried out subsequently. A causality among the stock exchanges in question is determined.
Alfabetización en información de docentes de escuelas rurales multigrado municipales de la provincia del Ranco, Chile
Authors: Ortiz-Herrera Armin , Cuevas-Manzano Roberto , Peters-Hott Evelyn , Salazar-Röling Evangelina , Basoalto-Rojas Angelica
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar factores influyentes en la aceptación y uso de TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, de los docentes encargados de escuelas rurales multigrado municipales de la provincia del Ranco, Chile. La metodología es cuantitativa, diseño no experimental, alcance descriptivo, correlacional y corte transversal de muestreo conglomerado monoetápico, correspondiente a 28 docentes encargados cada uno representante de una escuela. Se utilizó como base el Modelo de Aceptación Tecnológica (Technology Acceptance Model - TAM). El análisis basado en regresión de mínimos cuadrados parciales a través del Software Smart PLS, permitió identificar que uno de los principales hallazgos es la relevancia de la alfabetización en información, expresada a través de las variables Habilidades Informacionales y Entrenamiento en TIC, en el comportamiento de uso de las TIC en ambientes rurales.
Pedagogía informacional de Oscar Picardo Joao: una revisión y actualización de sus fundamentos en relación con la alfabetización en información
Authors: Oliveros Castro Sergio , Valenzuela Urra Cristian , Nuñez Chaufleur Claudia
Published: April 2022

Este artículo busca vincular y actualizar la pedagogía informacional de Oscar Picardo Joao, como teoría del aprendizaje alternativa centrada en la información y en las TIC, con los planteamientos de la alfabetización en información y sus competencias internas dentro del contexto educativo actual. El análisis conceptual de los elementos que unen, potencia y reestructuran a nivel interno al planteamiento estudiado se realizaron usando una metodología del análisis hermenéutico, en base a una revisión de documentos recuperados y compilados de las bases de datos Scielo.org, Redalyc y Dialnet, que permitieron generar un corpus de ideas complementadas sobre ambos enfoques. Este análisis muestra los elementos complementarios y coincidentes entre la pedagogía informacional y la alfabetización en información y su impacto en los contextos educativos.
Makerspace e biblioterapia em hospitais: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Silva Rafaela Carolina , Souza Leonardo Pereira Pinheiro , Mello Mariana Rodrigues Gomes , Santos Fernanda Bochi , Moraes Cássia Regina Bassan
Published: April 2022

No mundo contemporâneo, pressões de ordem informacional, social, econômica, entre outras, incidem sobre os indivíduos em sociedade, propiciando a proliferação de doenças mentais. Nesse cenário, estratégias de complemento às terapias psicológicas/psiquiátricas convencionais passaram a ser levadas em conta no trabalho com a saúde mental em hospitais. Dentre elas, duas contam com a participação do profissional de informação, ou seja, a biblioterapia, que proporciona uma auto-reflexão por meio de livros; e o espaço maker, no qual o sujeito pode criar objetos, expressando-se e exercitando a sua criatividade. Isto posto, esta pesquisa objetivou verificar o volume do corpus de artigos que tratam da interação entre ciência da informação, espaço maker e biblioterapia em hospitais que trabalham com saúde mental, destacando como as palavras-chave utilizadas ajudam a entender essa relação. Ademais, buscou-se verificar como se dá a prática da biblioterapia e do espaço maker em bibliotecas brasileiras. Como procedimentos metodológicos, usou-se a análise de co-ocorrência de palavras-chave, além do emprego de questionário online com bibliotecários de diversos estados brasileiros. Apurou-se que o corpus de trabalhos é ainda incipiente, com oito grupos de artigos, constando 105 palavras-chave. O estudo empírico demonstrou que ainda não está consolidada a prática do makerspace em bibliotecas. Contudo, essas instituições contribuem para a saúde mental dos seus usuários, por meio de seus acervos e do encaminhamento de indivíduos a profissionais especializados.
Reflexiones sobre la inteligencia artificial y la bibliotecología
Authors: Temesio Vizoso Silvana Grazia
Published: April 2022

La inteligencia artificial (IA) se manifiesta en algoritmos cuyo desempeño es difícil de predecir o explicar. Estos algoritmos se aplican a cuestiones de la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos, como por ejemplo el otorgamiento de un préstamo bancario, y han empezado a utilizarse por parte del gobierno electrónico. Actualmente se investiga la aplicación de IA a todos los campos del conocimiento. En este trabajo se refieren brevemente algunos desarrollos en las ciencias de la información y se presentan algunos de los desafíos que plantea la aplicación de IA, como el sesgo y la opacidad. Frente a estos desafíos hay opiniones de la ética de la información, el movimiento de software libre e investigaciones académicas para mejorar la explicabilidad de IA (XAI). Por último, se detalla sucintamente la estrategia de gobierno electrónico en Uruguay. Queda abierta la reflexión y, en particular, se recomienda la inclusión en la formación académica de estos temas en las carreras de bibliotecología.
THE INTEGRATION OF CHESS AND MATHEMATICS AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION
Authors: Hovhannisyan Knarik , Misakyan Samvel , Sargsyan Vahan , Muradyan Rima
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

 Numerous studies have proven that chess indicates a player's mental skills and ability to think. The goal of our study is to explore the process of learning chess in elementary school in the context of the integration of mathematics and chess, as well as to develop and offer methodological suggestions that will improve the efficiency of understanding mathematics. By solving non-standard "chess" problems in math classes and extracurricular math lessons, the link between chess and the development of spatial thinking can help to foster the development of a unique capacity to operate in the mind.
गीता मनोविज्ञान एक समालोचनात्मक दृष्टि
Authors:   अध्यक्ष, योग-षट्कर्म चिकित्सा एवं अनुसंधान केन्द्र, पतंजलि आयुर्वेद हाॅस्पिटल, हरिद्वार, उत्तराखंड, भारत।, Kumar Sachin
Published: April 2022

मनीषियों, दार्षनिको, सन्तों और गुरुओं ने इस संसार को दुःख रूप माना है। सामान्य दृष्टि से देखने पर ऐसा प्रतीत नहीं होता किन्तु महर्षि पतंजलि ने इसका समाधान करते हुए अपने ग्रन्थ योगसू़त्र में “दुःख मेव सर्वं विवेकिनः” कहकर बताया है कि- संसार में विवेकी मनुष्य को ही दुःख दिखाई देता है। सांसारिक मनुष्य इस संसार में संघर्ष करता हुआ सुख प्राप्त करने का प्रयास करता रहता है। इसका कारण उसका संषयात्मक मन है। गीता मन की संषयात्मक स्थिति का निवारण आसानी से कर देती है। गीता में मन के विज्ञान को व्यवहारिक मनोविज्ञान के रूप में वर्णित किया है। गीता में मन के विषय में गवेषणात्मक तथ्यों को देखकर सिद्ध होता है कि- गीता एक मनोवैज्ञानिक शास्त्र है। गीता में जिन तथ्यों की आधुनिक विवेचना की गई है वे आधुनिक मनोविज्ञान में प्राप्त नही होते हैं। गीता मनोविज्ञान में अभिक्रम की अनष्वरता को माना गया है। अर्थात कर्म का संस्कार आगे के जन्मों मे भी बना रहता है गीता का मानना है कि- यदि संसार से या दुःखों से दूर होना है तो मन को निस्त्रैगुण्य करना पड़ेगा गीता कर्म से बुद्धि की श्रेष्ठता को स्वीकार करती है। साथ ही केवल शास्त्राभ्यास करना निरर्थक मानती है। गीता में साधना पक्ष के ऊपर बल दिया गया है। किन्तु वहाँ भी वह संसार का त्याग करना स्वीकार नहीं करती बल्कि “युक्त आहार विहार” का पालन करते हुए कर्म करते हुए मन से ऊपर उठने की बात कहती है।
Development of Graphene-based Glass Fiber Composite for the Improvement of Material Characteristics
Authors:   Department  of  Mechanical  Engineering,  Marudhar  Engineering  College,  Bikaner, Rajasthan, India., Mali Yogita
Published: April 2022

Composite materials are widely used in fields of automobile, aerospace and naval industries due to their high strength to weight ratio, light weight, high stiffness. The achievement of weight reduction with adequate improvement of mechanical properties has made a composite a good replacement material for other conventional materials. Glass fiber reinforced composite materials have higher strength and stiffness ratio unlike metal materials, because the strength can be increased by fiber orienting in different directions. The cost of production can also be decreased because of its high productivity. Its application can be seen in structures of aeroplane, cars and can be used for pipes. In present work composite laminate plate is prepared by mixing Graphene powder in glass fiber reinforced composite plate. The hand lay-up process has been adopted for preparing the composite plates. The composite laminated plates are considered for analysis. The tensile strength of the composite plate is to be tested on Universal Testing Machine. The hardness test on composite plate is to be carried out on Brinell’s hardness tester. The flexural test on composite plate is also carried on Flexural Testing Machine.
Think like a Bayesian and avoid pitfalls from our frequentist past
Authors: Doll Jason , Feiner Zachary
Published: April 2022

Bayesian inference is a powerful tool that is increasingly being used by ecologists. This is largely due to the flexibility in model specification and improvements in software that makes this tool easier to use. However, with increasing ease of use comes a risk of misuse or abuse. We review four major issues we have identified in the use of Bayesian methods and offer reminders and suggestions that will improve the application and reporting of Bayesian inference while at the same time, hopefully, avoiding the pitfalls that have plagued null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST). These issues include; 1) understanding software and model specification; 2) use of prior probability distributions; 3) maximizing utility of posterior probability distributions; and 4) avoiding dichotomous thinking (i.e., the NHST pitfall). We suggest ecologists should strive for openness in their use of statistical software by understanding their model and providing the full computer code used, develop reasonable and informative priors, and make full use of posterior information that Bayesian methods provide. At the same time, ecologists should avoid dichotomizing results into significant/ non-significant boxes, eliminate null hypothesis tests (including probability intervals for hypothesis testing), and use clear language when describing results. Finally, quantitative training should be expanded in undergraduate curricula to provide students with a larger suite of foundational core concepts that extend beyond NHST.
Pap smear and cervical cancer perceptional study in Saudi Arabia - a cross sectional study
Authors: Alrashidi Aishah , Almousa Ilham
Published: April 2022

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the third spread gynecological cancer for Saudi females with an expected rate of 1.9 cases per 100,000 females/year. Thus, this study aimed to determine the awareness of CC and Pap smear as a screening tool among females in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried on Saudi females between 18 and 40 years old in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire translated into Arabic was distributed to females using google online form. It consisted of socio demographic characteristics, assessment of the knowledge toward CC, assessment of the knowledge toward Pap smear, and perception toward CC screening.
Results: Nearly half of the women (49.5%) reported low knowledge toward CC (mean score 4.98 ± 2.91 SD, out of 13 points). For the knowledge toward Pap smear, an overwhelming proportion of women (78.2%) had low knowledge level (mean score 1.33 ± 1.39 SD, out of 5 points). Some of the most notable factors that were associated with both; knowledge toward CC and Pap smear test were those who had undergone cervical screening and those who received an offer about Pap smear from health care workers.
Conclusion: The knowledge regarding CC and Pap smear test were inadequate. Educated women had better outlook toward CC. Being experienced of cervical screening and having received an offer to undergo Pap smear were likely to have better outlook in both CC and Pap smear test.
Prevalence of stroke among menopausal females of Taif city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Erfan Ola , Alsherbi Raghad , Alsufyani Mashael , Aljuaid Hanun , Alharthi Rawan , Alzahrani Nawal
Published: April 2022

Background: Women have a higher risk of developing stroke, more chance to have a recurrent stroke, and severe stroke. The association between stroke and menopause is more likely due to sex hormones. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of stroke among menopausal females in Taif city, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey study was conducted involving 303 menopausal females. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data about the participants' demographic characteristics, their medicalhistory, practicing physical activity, and onset and details on the complication of stroke. Data were analyzed in percentages, and chi-squared test (χ2) was applied to test the relationship between variables. Qualitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation, and the Mann-Whitney test was applied for non-parametric variables. A p-value was considered to be significant if 6 hours.
Conclusion: This study found a prevalence of stroke of 4% among the studied Saudi females. The study calls for the implementation of effective health education programs about methods of prevention and risk factors of stroke.
Preparation of the 5-(4-((4-[18F] fluorobenzyl) oxy)- 3-methoxybenzyl) pyrimidine-2, -diamine as a radioligand for positron emission tomography scanning of the tyrosine kinase b/C receptor
Authors: Hassanpour Seyyed , Doroudi Alireza , Karami Seyyedeh
Published: April 2022

Objective: The present research describes a new radiosynthesis of 5-(4-((4-[18F]fluorobenzyl)oxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)pyrimidine- 2,4-diamine as a potential radioligand for colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) and tyrosine kinase B/C (TrkB/C) neuroreceptors.
Methods: Radiofluorination of a boronic acid precursor followed by thermal deprotection of Boc-protecting groups avoided acidcatalyzed protodeboronation in 8.7 ± 2.8% radiochemical yield.
Results: Competitive autoradiographic binding research indicated a high unspecific binding, and that binding to TrkB/C could be blocked while binding to CSF-1R was not. In a rat model, a positron emission tomography (PET) scan indicated a moderate brain uptake and slow clearance rate.
Conclusion: Moreover, the poor pharmacokinetic features of 5-(4-((4-[18F]fluorobenzyl)oxy)-3-methoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4- diamine prevented its utilization as a PET radioligand in brain scanning, but 1-pot synthesis (which is a strategy to improve the effectiveness of the chemical reaction occurring by the use of copper, 18F-fluorination, and Boc deprotection) is an approach to the radio-synthesis of PET tracers (which are sensitive to acid).
Tratamento de pacientes pediátricos com paralisia do plexo braquial: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Velano Silvério Afonso Coelho , Reis Bruno Cezario Costa
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o padrão terapêutico do tratamento de Paralisia Braquial de Origem Obstétrica, relacionando com a idade e gênero. Métodos: A abordagem metodológica deste trabalho se propõe a um compilado de pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa e caráter descritivo por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Directory of Open Access Journals. Os descritores utilizados foram “Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy” e “treatment”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de newspaper article, randomized controlled trial, clinical study, clinical trial, estudos de caso-controle, estudo de coorte, livre acesso, publicados em inglês, português, espanhol e no intervalo de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: Foram avaliados o tratamento cirúrgico, a aplicação de toxina, procedimento de oberlin, ressonância magnética tridimensional, o tratamento conservador, construção do plexo braquial, terapia de espelho de realidade virtual e órtese de cotovelo dinâmica. Considerações Finais: Dessa forma, foi observada que o tratamento cirúrgico e a aplicação de toxina botulínica do tipo a, foram as principais escolhas no tratamento de melhores resultados. Além disso, a faixa etária de tratamento varia de 1 mês a 20 anos e o sexo prevalente da lesão é o sexo feminino.
Fatores gestacionais de ocorrência de apendicite e complicações no pós-operatório: revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Araújo Amanda Batista , Oliveira Carla Resende Vaz , Reis Bruno Cezario Costa
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar, através de revisão integrativa da literatura, os principais fatores gestacionais de ocorrência de apendicite e complicações no pós-operatório. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura. A pergunta norteadora do estudo foi: “Quais os principais fatores gestacionais de ocorrência de apendicite e complicações no pós-operatório?”. Resultados: A partir da estratégia de busca adotada neste estudo, critérios de inclusão e exclusão predefinidos foram relacionados 45 artigos e foram escolhidos 30 artigos para compor a amostra. Considerações finais: Percebeu-se que quando se trata de apendicite durante a gestação o tratamento se torna um grande desafio. Quando as gestantes apresentam dor abdominal aguda decorrentes a apendicectomia tardia a precisão do diagnóstico é muito importante, pois os diagnósticos falso-positivos podem trazer um risco desnecessário para as grávidas quando são necessárias cirurgias, apesar da apendicectomia laparoscópica ser relativamente segura. O desenho e a realização de estudos futuros devem nortear nessa direção, de acordo com todos os demais fatores que delineariam a superioridade da abordagem laparoscópica.
Abordagem atualizada da Lesão Renal Aguda (LRA): uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Pacheco Livio Pereira , Pereira Ana Clara Verônica , Silva Ana Dávila Carneiro da , Brock Diana Pádua Prates , Abreu Fabricia Mendes dos Santos , Silva Laís Eunice de Assis , Andrade Letícia Macedo Nicácio , Tissi Lígia Soares , Carneiro Yan Vasconcelos , Miura Felipe Kazuyoshi
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Esclarecer informações sobre Lesão Renal Aguda (LRA) e contribuir com a literatura médica. Revisão bibliográfica: A LRA é um declínio rápido da função renal ao longo de dias a semanas, resultando no acúmulo de produtos nitrogenados no sangue (azotemia), com ou sem diminuição do débito urinário. Geralmente é causada por hipoperfusão dos rins devido a trauma grave, doença ou cirurgia, mas em alguns casos é causada por doença renal intrínseca rapidamente progressiva. Os sintomas podem incluir anorexia, náuseas e vômitos. Se não for tratada, convulsões e coma podem ocorrer. Desequilíbrios de fluidos, eletrólitos e ácido-base se desenvolvem rapidamente. O diagnóstico é baseado em exames laboratoriais de função renal, incluindo creatinina sérica. Marcadores de urina, teste de sedimento urinário, exames de imagem e outros são necessários para determinar a causa. O tratamento é específico para a causa, mas também pode ser realizado pela restauração do equilíbrio hídrico e eletrolítico e, às vezes, pela diálise.  Considerações finais: A LRA tem etiofisiopatologia ligada à doença base do paciente e sempre foi um desafio para os médicos devido à variedade de suas etiologias, apresentações clínicas e complicações, devendo ser precisamente identificada para conduta precoce.
Pathology of the visual organ in children as a symptom of connective tissue dysplasia
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Markova E.Y. , Avakyants G.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Aminulla L.V. ,   St. Vladimir Children’s City Clinical Hospital of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow Moscow, Russian Federation, Ciganov A.Z. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

A clinical case of keratoconus in a 10-year-old child is presented as a variant of dysplastic-dependent and connective tissue dysplasia-associated pathology of the visual organ. The clinical picture and diagnostic methods necessary for the verification of the diagnosis are reflected. Key words: connective tissue dysplasia, keratoconus, keratoconus in children, corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL)
Pathogenetic links of the mechanisms of scleral reinforcement surgical procedures in progressive myopia
Authors:   Medical Center «Family Clinic» (Sesana LLC), Ruza, Russian Federation, Uchaeva N. S. , Abdullah Bukair A.M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Obrubov S. A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

The presented materials concentrate mainly on the pathogenetic mechanism of scleral reinforcement surgical procedures in progressive myopia. There are three main pathogenetic links which are considered: the mechanical strengthening of the sclera, the revascularization and reinforcement or increasing of the hemodynamic parameters in the membranes or layers of the eye, as well as the bio-stimulating effect of the transplanted graft. The possibility of regulation of reparative processes was assessed to improve the efficiency of surgical treatment of progressive myopia. Key words: scleroplasty, progressive myopia, biomechanical properties of the sclera, revascularization, reparative regeneration
Peran Pemerintah Tentang Pembinaan Dan Peningkatan Prestasi Olahraga Pelajar Pada Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Riau
Authors: Suyono Joko , Monalisa Monalisa
Published: April 2022

Pada hasil perolehan medali yang disumbangkan atlit - atlit pelajar Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Provinsi Riau berdasarkan cabang olahraga yang telah di ikuti pada even olahraga pelajar masih terdapat beberapa cabang olahraga yang belum mampu menyumbangkan medali. Hal ini menunjukkan masih perlu adanya suatu pembinaan untuk lebih meningkatkan prestasi olahraga. Pada tesis ini akan dijelaskan Peran Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Provinsi Riau dalam menunjang program pembinaan dan peningkatan prestasi olahraga pelajar di Provinsi Riau. Peran Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Provinsi Riau dalam menunjang program pembinaan dan peningkatan prestasi olahraga pelajar di Provinsi Riau melalui Seksi Pembibitan dan pembinaan atlit pelajar berpengaruh pada pembinaan dan peningkatan prestasi olahraga pelajar di Provinsi Riau. Peran ini dilaksanakan dengan melakukan tugas dan fungsi antara lain mengelola Pusat Pendidikan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) yang saat ini telah dikelola sebanyak 19 cabang olahraga, melakukan indentifikasi data atlet pelajar yang potensial dan berprestasi dengan menjaring even-even olahraga yang membina pertandingan sehingga diperoleh data hasil pertandingan yang menjadi bibit-bibit atlet pelajar berprestasi yang nantinya akan direkrut untuk mengikuti seleksi atlet pelajar PPLP, melaksanakan pengembangan dan pemberdayaan klub olahraga junior yang sampai saat masih belum terlaksanakan dengan baik ditenggarai belum terdatanya klub-klub olahraga junior, melaksanakan pengendalian pengelolaan pembibitan dan pembinaan atlet pelajar dengan mengirim pengiriman atlet-atlet PPLP ke even-even pertandingan baik tingkat nasional maupun internasional. Dalam melaksanakan Peran Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Provinsi Riau dalam menunjang program pembinaan dan peningkatan prestasi olahraga pelajar di Provinsi Riau ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor pendorong dan faktor penghambat. Faktor pendorong diantaranya adalah dengan telah diterbitkannya aturan undang – undang tentang otonomi daerah dan tentang Sistem Keolahragaan Nasional, Kordinasi yang baik antara para pejabat yang berada di lingkungan Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Provinsi Riau, Masih adanya masyarakat atau pemerhati olahraga yang perduli pada Bidang Keolahragaan, Prestasi atlet pelajar yang terus meningkat, Telah tersedianya sekolah keberbakatan olahraga. Sedangkan faktor penghambat diantaranya Dalam melaksanakan pembinaan masih memerlukan dana yang sangat besar, hanya mengandalkan dana APBD Provinsi dan sebagian kecil dari dana APBN, Keterbatasan kuota atlet yang dibina, Belum terdatanya klub-klub olahraga junior secara baik, Belum seluruh pelatih mantan atlet berprestasi Nasional, Perlunya sarana alat – alat olahraga yang bagus dan berkualitas, Belum memasyarakatnya  pemahaman tentang PPLP yang ada di bawah naungan Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Provinsi Riau.
Functionalization Studies of C₆₀ and Synthetic Approaches to Endohedral Metallofullerenes
Authors: Rubin Yves
Published: April 2022

Two strategies aimed at the synthesis of endohedral metallofullerenes are presented. They have required the exploration of the surface chemistry of C60 as well as the development of efficient syntheses of highly unsaturated acetylenic cyclophanes. These studies have led to the formation of the largest orifice on the framework of C60 in the form of a cobalt(III) complex having the metal sitting on top of the opening. Further exploitation of the mechanisms involved in the formation of this cavity are discussed. In the second approach to metallofullerenes, highly unsaturated acetylenic cyclophanes have been designed to fold to fullerenes in a series of cascade reactions, either in the gas phase (mass spectroscopy, flash vacuum pyrolysis), or in solution (metal catalysis, radical-anion rearrangements). The origin of this second approach lies in the mechanism of gas-phase coalescence of polyynes during fullerene formation in the graphite evaporation method. Endohedral metal complexes of C60 are expected to have interesting and diverse properties perhaps as rich as those of C60 and other empty fullerenes.
Versalzung und Korrosion von Spritzbeton (Sicherheitsstollen des Gotthard-Strassentunnels)
Authors: Romer Michael , Lienemann Peter
Published: April 2022

The corrosion behavior of shotcrete in the safety gallery of the motorway tunnel Gotthard was investigated. The tunnel was built in 1972/73, sections with waterleading rocks show various signs of concrete degradation. Samples of corroded concrete were investigated in the laboratory
for their chemical and mineralogical compositions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and methods to determine acid-soluble silicon compounds and insoluble contents were used to characterize the samples.Comparisons of original concrete with corroded samples show the existence
of discrete interaction mechanisms. These mechanisms lead either to harmless efflorescence, to detachments of concrete from the rock or to more or less complete degradation of the cement paste. Delamination or deterioration of concrete are related to the amount and kind of transformation products
formed due to action of specific ionic species of the interacting water. Special attention is drawn to the formation of thaumasite, which may be formed under special conditions, even when sulfate-resistant cements have been used.Physical and chemical properties of the cement paste as well
as the composition of interacting water are important for the service life of a concrete structure. The potential of concrete degradation due to interaction with aggressive water may be lowered by preventing its contact or by draining the water not to force it to penetrate the concrete structure.
Oberflächenschutzmassnahmen und Korrosionsinhibitoren für bewitterte Stahlbetonkonstruktionen
Authors: Dietrich Matthias
Published: April 2022

Reinforced concrete structures exposed to weathering can suffer damage in different ways. Weathering and frost can, for instance, degrade the surface of the concrete or cause spalling. The consequences of rebar corrosion are very serious due to the fact that the load bearing capacity of structures may well be adversely affected. Corrosion of reinforcing steel takes place when the passivated shield of the steel surface has been destroyed by carbonation and/or chlorides.Surface protection measures for concrete façades reduce the water absorption of concrete, thus decreasing its electrolytic conductivity, which in turn reduces or stops the corrosion process. Organic silicon compounds (silanes, siloxanes), applied to saturation onto the concrete surface, are most often used to this end. This kind of water repellents are not film-forming and do not alter the concrete's aspect.Appropriate film-forming coatings do not only reduce the absorption of water, but can also prevent carbonation of the concrete. Acrylic dispersions, which have to be applied in a continuous and sufficiently thick and pore-free coat, are frequently used for this purpose. When using crack-bridging façade coatings, the necessary dry film thickness leads to a considerable loss of the concrete's original texture. Good water-vapour diffusion capacity is vital for all kinds of coatings.Corrosion inhibitors for the protection of existing concrete structures are available since recently only. Inhibitors penetrate through the concrete and fix themselves onto the steel surface. The protective film formed in this way reduces access of oxygen to the surface of the steel and slows down the speed of the corrosion process.Corrosion inhibitors do not alter the concrete's aspect, cannot be affected by any mechanical action on the concrete's surface and have an excellent price/performance ratio.
Bioactive Compounds from Marine Microalgae
Authors: Yasumoto Takeshi , Satake Masayuki
Published: April 2022

Marine microalgae are relatively unexploited but rich resources for bioactive compounds. Toxins initially isolated from fish or shellfish were found to originate from microalgae, especially dinoflagellates. These toxins are useful tools to investigate the structure and function of ion
channels on cell membranes or to elucidate the mechanism of tumor promotion based on their specific inhibitory action against protein phosphatases. The number of antifungal or antitumoral substances of microalgal origin is rapidly increasing. More importantly, structural similarities have
been found between many bioactives found in marine invertebrates and those in freshwater blue-green algae. The similarities point to a great potential of marine blue-greens, the least explored resource, for producing bioactive compounds of medicinal value.
IR Spectra Simulation and Information Processing on the WWW
Authors: Selzer Paul
Published: April 2022

Substance identification by IR-spectroscopic methods generally is performed by comparing the measured spectrum with a reference spectrum from a database. If the desired spectrum is not contained in the database, another method of substance identification has to be found.Based on neural network techniques, we have developed a method which provides rapid access to simulated reference spectra. Within the scope of the 'TeleSpec-Telecooperation in Spectroscopy'-Project, this algorithm has been made available through a WWW interface. With a JAVA-enabled Web browser, interactive spectra prediction experiments can be performed.
What's in an Attribute? Consequences for the Least Common Subsumer
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Küsters Ralf , Borgida Alex
Published: April 2022

Functional relationships between objects, called 'attributes', are of considerable importance in knowledge representation languages, including Description Logics (DLs). A study of the literature indicates that papers have made, often implicity, different assumptions about the nature of attributes: whether they are always required to have a value, or whether they can be partial functions. The work presented here is the first explicit study of this difference for (sub-)classes of the CLASSIC DL, involving the same-as concept constructor. It is shown that although determining subsumption between concept descriptions has the same complexity (though requiring different algorithms), the story is different in the case of determining the least common subsumer (lcs). For attributes interpreted as partial functions, the lcs exists and can be computed relatively easily; even in this case our results correct and extend three previous papers about the lcs of DLs. In the case where attributes must have a value, the lcs may not exist, and even if it exists it may be of exponential size. Interestingly, it is possible to decide in polynomial time if the lcs exists.
TheComplexity of Reasoning with Concrete Domains (Revised Version)
Authors:   RWTH Aachen, LuFg Theoretical Computer Science, Lutz Carsten
Published: April 2022

Description logics are knowledge representation and reasoning formalisms which represent conceptual knowledge on an abstract logical level. Concrete domains are a theoretically well-founded approach to the integration of description logic reasoning with reasoning about concrete objects such as numbers, time intervals or spatial regions. In this paper, the complexity of combined reasoning with description logcis and on concrete domains is investigated. We extend ALC(D), which is the basic description logic for reasoning with concrete domains, by the operators 'feature agreement' and 'feature disagreement'. For the extended logic,called ALCF(D), an algorithm for deciding the ABox consistency problem is devised. The strategy employed by this algorithm is vital for the efficient implementation of reasoners for description logics incorporating concrete domains. Based on the algorithm, it is proved that the standard reasoning problems for both logics ALC(D) and ALCF(D) are PSpace-complete - provided that the satisfiability test of the concrete domain used is in PSpace.
Representing and Reasoning on Conceptual Queries Over Image Databases
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Rigotti Christophe , Hacid Mohand-Saïd
Published: April 2022

The problem of content management of multimedia data types (e.g., image, video, graphics) is becoming increasingly important with the development of advanced multimedia applications. Traditional database management systems are inadequate for the handling of such data types. They require new techniques for query formulation, retrieval, evaluation, and navigation. In this paper we develop a knowledge-based framework for modeling and retrieving image data by content. To represent the various aspects of an image object's characteristics, we propose a model which consists of three layers: (1) Feature and Content Layer, intended to contain image visual features such as contours, shapes,etc.; (2) Object Layer, which provides the (conceptual) content dimension of images; and (3) Schema Layer, which contains the structured abstractions of images, i.e., a general schema about the classes of objects represented in the object layer. We propose two abstract languages on the basis of description logics: one for describing knowledge of the object and schema layers, and the other, more expressive, for making queries. Queries can refer to the form dimension (i.e., information of the Feature and Content Layer) or to the content dimension (i.e., information of the Object Layer). These languages employ a variable free notation, and they are well suited for the design, verification and complexity analysis of algorithms. As the amount of information contained in the previous layers may be huge and operations performed at the Feature and Content Layer are time-consuming, resorting to the use of materialized views to process and optimize queries may be extremely useful. For that, we propose a formal framework for testing containment of a query in a view expressed in our query language. The algorithm we propose is sound and complete and relatively efficient.
A NExpTime-Complete Description Logic Strictly Contained in C²
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Tobies Stephan
Published: April 2022

We examine the complexity and expressivity of the combination of the Description Logic ALCQI with a terminological formalism based on cardinality restrictions on concepts. This combination can naturally be embedded into C², the two variable fragment of predicate logic with counting quantifiers. We prove that ALCQI has the same complexity as C² but does not reach its expressive power.
A PSpace-algorithm for ALCQI-satisfiability
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Tobies Stephan
Published: April 2022

The description logic ALCQI extends the 'standard' description logic ALC by qualifying number restrictions and converse roles. We show that concept satisfiability for this DL is still decidable in polynomial space. The presented algorithm combines techniques from [Tob99] to deal with qualifying number restrictions and from [HST99] to deal with converse roles.
PSpace Reasoning for DLs with Qualifying Number Restrictions
Authors:   Aachen University of Technology, Tobies Stephan
Published: April 2022

The description logic ALCQI extends the 'standard' description logic ALC by qualifying number restrictions and converse roles. We show that conept satisfiability for this DL is still decidable in polynomial space. The presented algorithm combines techniques from [Tob99a] to deal with qualifying number restrictions and from [HST99] to deal with converse roles. Additionally, we extend the result to ALCQIR, which extends ALCQI by role intersections. This solves an open problem from [DLNN97]. The result for ALCQI has already been presented in the seperate technical report [Tob99b]. In this report we use the same techniques to obtain the stronger result for ALCQIR.