bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetically Aligned and Enriched Pathways of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 8 in Matrimid Mixed Matrix Membranes for Enhanced CO2 Permeability
Authors: van Essen Machiel , Montrée Esther , Houben Menno , Borneman Zandrie , Nijmeijer Kitty
Published: July 2020

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as additives in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for gas separation have gained significant attention over the past decades. Many design parameters have been investigated for MOF based MMMs, but the spatial distribution of the MOF throughout MMMs lacks investigation. Therefore, magnetically aligned and enriched pathways of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF−8) in Matrimid MMMs were synthesized and investigated by means of their N2 and CO2 permeability. Magnetic ZIF−8 (m–ZIF−8) was synthesized by incorporating Fe3O4 in the ZIF−8 structure. The presence of Fe3O4 in m–ZIF−8 showed a decrease in surface area and N2 and CO2 uptake, with respect to pure ZIF−8. Alignment of m–ZIF−8 in Matrimid showed the presence of enriched pathways of m–ZIF−8 through the MMMs. At 10 wt.% m–ZIF−8 incorporation, no effect of alignment was observed for the N2 and CO2 permeability, which was ascribed anon-ideal tortuous alignment. However, alignment of 20 wt.% m–ZIF−8 in Matrimid showed to increase the CO2 diffusivity and permeability (19%) at 7 bar, while no loss in ideal selectivity was observed, with respect to homogeneously dispersed m–ZIF−8 membranes. Thus, the alignment of MOF particles throughout the matrix was shown to enhance the CO2 permeability at a certain weight content of MOF.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Germanium Refining via Fractional Crystallization Based Innovative Rotary Cooling Device
Authors: Curtolo Danilo C. , Friedrich Semiramis , Noack Michael , Friedrich Bernd
Published: July 2020

This paper focuses on the principle study and application of a fractional crystallization methodology using a rotating and internally gas cooled crystallizer (so called cooled finger, developed at IME/RWTH Aachen) first applied to the refining of germanium. For this purpose, a series of experimental trials were performed using a model metal—Aluminum—to gather the temperature profile needed for the numerical simulation that provides an initial process window used for the purification of germanium in a vacuum resistance furnace. The results of the simulation showed good agreement with the experimental results and the conducted trials based on that process window enabled the single step purification of germanium from an initial purity of 98.8% up to 99.9%.
Microstructural Characterization of Friction-Stir Processed Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Mironov Sergey , Sato Yutaka S. , Kokawa Hiroyuki , Hirano Satoshi , Pilchak Adam L. , Semiatin Sheldon Lee
Published: July 2020

The present work was undertaken to shed additional light on the globular-α microstructure produced during FSP of Ti-6Al-4V. To this end, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique was employed to characterize the crystallographic aspects of such microstructure. In contrast to the previous reports in the literature, neither the texture nor the misorientation distribution in the α phase were random. Although the texture was weak, it showed a clear prevalence of the P1 and C-fiber simple-shear orientations, thus providing evidence for an increased activity of the prism- and pyramidal  slip systems. In addition, the misorientation distribution exhibited a crystallographic preference of 60° and 90° boundaries. This observation was attributed to a partial α→β→α phase transformation during/following high-temperature deformation and the possible activation of mechanical twinning.
Contribution to the Mineral Chemistry of the Proterozoic Aravalli Mafic Meta-Volcanic Rocks from Rajasthan, NW India
Authors: Wiszniewska Janina , Grabarczyk Anna , Krzemińska Ewa , Ahmad Talat
Published: July 2020

Field, petrological and mineral chemistry for meta-volcanic rocks from the Aravalli sequence (Aravalli Craton, India) are presented. Field evidence such as volcanic flows and suspect pillow lava structures, dominant Fe-tholeiite lava flows intercalated with quartzites and argillaceous sediments, indicate rift tectonic environment. Primary mineralogy was obliterated during post-magmatic processes such as metamorphism corresponding to the greenschist to lower amphibolite facies conditions. The rock’s mineral composition was overprinted by plagioclase–chlorite–amphibole–epidote assemblage. The relicts of clinopyroxene were observed. The P-T estimation indicates a temperature of 550–600 °C for the pressure ranging from 3.0 to 7.0 kbar for the majority of amphiboles and 8.0–10.7 kbar for the minority. Geochemically, these rocks are komatiitic (picritic) and high-Fe tholeiitic basalts with 45.06−59.2 wt.% SiO2 and MgO content from 5 to 22.4 wt.% and Mg# of 17 to 71. They show large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare-earth elements (LREE) enrichment. Chondrite normalized rare-earth elements (REE) patterns for the Aravalli lava are moderately enriched with (La/Sm)N = 1.1−3.85, (La/Yb)N from 1.49 (komatiites) to 14.91 (komatiitic basalts). The trace element systematics with the negative Nb, P and Zr anomalies reflect their derivation from enriched sub-continental lithospheric sources, although minor crustal contamination cannot be ruled out. Aravalli rocks are considered to represent the transition from continental rift magmatism to shallow submarine eruption.
Comparison of Detrital Zircon U-Pb and Muscovite 40Ar/39Ar Ages in the Yangtze Sediment: Implications for Provenance Studies
Authors: Sun Xilin , Kuiper Klaudia F. , Tian Yuntao , Li Chang’an , Zhang Zengjie , Wijbrans Jan R.
Published: July 2020

Detrital zircon U-Pb and muscovite 40Ar/39Ar dating are useful tools for investigating sediment provenance and regional tectonic histories. However, the two types of data from same sample do not necessarily give consistent results. Here, we compare published detrital muscovite 40Ar/39Ar and zircon U-Pb ages of modern sands from the Yangtze River to reveal potential factors controlling differences in their provenance age signals. Detrital muscovite 40Ar/39Ar ages of the major tributaries and main trunk suggest that the Dadu River is a dominant sediment contributor to the lower Yangtze. However, detrital zircon data suggest that the Yalong, Dadu, and Min rivers are the most important sediment suppliers. This difference could be caused by combined effects of lower reaches dilution, laser spot location on zircons and difference in closure temperature and durability between muscovite and zircon. The bias caused by sediment laser spot targeting a core or rim of zircon and zircon reworking should be considered in provenance studies.
Multiplex Cell Fate Tracking by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez Marta , Hills Stephanie A. , Diffley John F. X. , Svejstrup Jesper Q.
Published: July 2020

Measuring differences in cell cycle progression is often essential to understand cell behavior under different conditions, treatments and environmental changes. Cell synchronization is widely used for this purpose, but unfortunately, there are many cases where synchronization is not an option. Many cell lines, patient samples or primary cells cannot be synchronized, and most synchronization methods involve exposing the cells to stress, which makes the method incompatible with the study of stress responses such as DNA damage. The use of dual-pulse labelling using EdU and BrdU can potentially overcome these problems, but the need for individual sample processing may introduce a great variability in the results and their interpretation. Here, we describe a method to analyze cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by double staining with thymidine analogues in combination with fluorescent cell barcoding, which allows one to multiplex the study and reduces the variability due to individual sample staining, reducing also the cost of the experiment.
Highly Sensitive and Tunable Plasmonic Sensor Based on a Nanoring Resonator with Silver Nanorods
Authors: Chou Chao Chung-Ting , Chou Chau Yuan-Fong , Huang Hung Ji , Kumara N. T. R. N. , Kooh Muhammad Raziq Rahimi , Lim Chee Ming , Chiang Hai-Pang
Published: July 2020

We numerically and theoretically investigate a highly sensitive and tunable plasmonic refractive index sensor that is composed of a metal-insulator-metal waveguide with a side-coupled nanoring, containing silver nanorods using the finite element method. Results reveal that the presence of silver nanorods in the nanoring has a significant impact on sensitivity and tunability performance. It gives a flexible way to tune the system response in the proposed structure. Our designed sensor has a sensitivity of 2080 nm/RIU (RIU is the refractive index unit) along with a figure of merit and a quality factor of 29.92 and 29.67, respectively. The adequate refractive index sensitivity can increase by adding the silver nanorods in a nanoring, which can induce new surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) modes that cannot be found by a regular nanoring. For a practical application, a valid introduction of silver nanorods in the nanoring can dramatically reduce the dimension of the proposed structure without sacrificing performance.
Carbonate Micromotors for Treatment of Construction Effluents
Authors: Chattopadhyay Purnesh , Sharan Priyanka , Berndt Andrej , Simmchen Juliane
Published: July 2020

Concrete in construction has recently gained media coverage for its negative CO2 footprint, but this is not the only problem associated with its use. Due to its chemical composition, freshly poured concrete changes the pH of water coming in contact with the surface to very alkaline values, requiring neutralization treatment before disposal. Conventional methods include the use of mineral acid or CO2 pumps, causing high costs to building companies. In this paper, we present a micromotor based remediation strategy, which consists of carbonate particles half-coated with citric acid. To achieve this half coverage spray coating is used for the first time to design Janus structures. The motors propel diffusiophoretically due to a self-generated gradient formed as the acid coverage dissolves. The locally lower pH contributes to the dissolution of the carbonate body. These motors have been employed to study neutralization of diluted concrete wash water (CWW) at microscopic scale and we achieve visualization of the pH changes occurring in the vicinity of motors using anthocyanine as pH indicator dye. The effect of citric acid-carbonates hybrid on neutralization of real CWW on macroscopic scale has also been studied. In addition, all employed chemicals are cheap, non-toxic and do not leave any solid residues behind.
Emerging Nanotechnology in Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Animal Models: A Systematic Review
Authors: Brun Adrian , Moignot Nicolas , Colombier Marie-Laure , Dursun Elisabeth
Published: July 2020

Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent inflammatory diseases. Its treatment, mostly mechanical and non-surgical, shows limitations. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of nanoparticles as a treatment alone in non-surgical periodontal therapy in animal models. A systematic search was conducted in Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and Science Direct. The eligibility criteria were: studies (i) using nanoparticles as chemotherapeutic agent or as delivery system; (ii) including preclinical controlled animal model (experimental periodontitis); (iii) reporting alveolar bone loss; (iv) written in English; and (v) published up to June 2019. Risk of bias was evaluated according to the SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation. On the 1324 eligible studies, 11 were included. All reported advantages in using nanoparticles for the treatment of periodontitis, highlighted by a reduction in bone loss. Agents modulating inflammation seem to be more relevant than antibiotics, in terms of efficiency and risk of antibiotic resistance. In addition, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) or drugs used as their own carrier appear to be the most interesting nanoparticles in terms of biocompatibility. Risk of bias assessment highlighted many criteria scored as unclear. There are encouraging preclinical data of using nanoparticles as a contribution to the treatment of periodontitis.
West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and “One Health” Implications
Authors: Habarugira Gervais , Suen Willy W. , Hobson-Peters Jody , Hall Roy A. , Bielefeldt-Ohmann Helle
Published: July 2020

West Nile virus (WNV) is an important zoonotic flavivirus responsible for mild fever to severe, lethal neuroinvasive disease in humans, horses, birds, and other wildlife species. Since its discovery, WNV has caused multiple human and animal disease outbreaks in all continents, except Antarctica. Infections are associated with economic losses, mainly due to the cost of treatment of infected patients, control programmes, and loss of animals and animal products. The pathogenesis of WNV has been extensively investigated in natural hosts as well as in several animal models, including rodents, lagomorphs, birds, and reptiles. However, most of the proposed pathogenesis hypotheses remain contentious, and much remains to be elucidated. At the same time, the unavailability of specific antiviral treatment or effective and safe vaccines contribute to the perpetuation of the disease and regular occurrence of outbreaks in both endemic and non-endemic areas. Moreover, globalisation and climate change are also important drivers of the emergence and re-emergence of the virus and disease. Here, we give an update of the pathobiology, epidemiology, diagnostics, control, and “One Health” implications of WNV infection and disease.
Novel High-Resolution Lateral Dual-Axis Quad-Beam Optical MEMS Accelerometer Using Waveguide Bragg Gratings
Authors: Malayappan Balasubramanian , Krishnaswamy Narayan , Pattnaik Prasant Kumar
Published: July 2020

A novel lateral dual-axis a-Si/SiO2 waveguide Bragg grating based quad-beam accelerometer with high-resolution and large linear range has been presented in this paper. The sensor consists of silicon bulk micromachined proof mass suspended by silica beams. Three ridge gratings are positioned on the suspending beam and proof mass to maximize sensitivity and reduce noise. Impact of external acceleration in the sensing direction on the Bragg wavelength of gratings and MEMS structure has been modelled including the effects of strain, stress and temperature variation. Acceleration induces stress in the beam thus modifying the grating period and introducing chirp. The differential wavelength shift with respect to reference grating on the proof mass is the measure of acceleration. To compensate for the effect of the weight of the proof mass and increase the sensitivity of the sensor, electrostatic force of repulsion is applied to the proof mass. For the chosen parameters, the designed sensor has a linear response over a large range and a sensitivity of 30 pm/g. The temperature of surroundings, which acts as noise in sensor performance is compensated by taking differential wavelength shift with respect to reference grating. By design and choice of material, low cross-axis sensitivity is achieved. The proposed design enables a high-resolution well below 1 μ g/ Hz and is suitable for inertial navigation and seismometry applications.
Rethinking the Disappearance of Microblade Technology in the Terminal Pleistocene of Hokkaido, Northern Japan: Looking at Archaeological and Palaeoenvironmental Evidence
Authors: Takakura Jun
Published: July 2020

Archaeological research, for several decades, has shown that various microblade technologies using obsidian and hard shale appeared and developed from the Last Glacial Maximum to the terminal Pleistocene (Bølling–Allerød–Younger Dryas) in Hokkaido, Northern Japan. It is well accepted that microblade technology was closely related to the high mobility of foragers to adapt to harsh environments. Recent archaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence from Hokkaido demonstrates that the disappearance of microblade technology occurred during the terminal Pleistocene, influenced by a wide range of factors, including changes in landscape, climate, subsistence and human populations. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of research on the process and background of the disappearance of microblade technology and to discuss prospects for future research. This paper will (1) review palaeoenvironmental research in Hokkaido on changes in climate and biological composition from the terminal Pleistocene to the initial Holocene; (2) survey changes in the technological adaptations and resource use of humans based on the archaeological evidence; and (3) discuss how the abrupt fluctuations of climate that occurred in the terminal Pleistocene affected human behaviour and demographics in Hokkaido.
The Image of Violence and the Study of Material Religion, an Introduction
Authors: van Liere Lucien
Published: July 2020

This article studies the intersection of religion, materiality and violence. I will argue that pictures of violated bodies can contribute substantially to imageries of religious bonding. By directing attention towards the relation between pictures of violence, religious imagery and materiality, this article contributes to current research on religion-related violence and on material religion, two disciplinary fields that have not yet been clearly related. By focusing on the picturing of (violated) bodies as both sacred and communal objects, I will make clear how pictures of violence relate to social imageries of (religious) communities. Two short case-studies show how pictures of violence are recreated in the imagery of communities, causing new episodes of violence against anonymous representatives of the perpetrators. This article develops a perspective on the role pictures play in framing religious conflicts, which is often neglected in studies of religion-related violence. The study of religious matter, on the other hand, could explore more deeply the possibilities of studying the medialization of contentious pictures of human bodies in the understanding of conflicts as ‘religious’.
Possible Life Saver: A Review on Human Fall Detection Technology
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Ramamoorthy Vignesh , Gal Udi , Guez Allon
Published: July 2020

Among humans, falls are a serious health problem causing severe injuries and even death for the elderly population. Besides, falls are also a major safety threat to bikers, skiers, construction workers, and others. Fortunately, with the advancements of technologies, the number of proposed fall detection systems and devices has increased dramatically and some of them are already in the market. Fall detection devices/systems can be categorized based on their architectures as wearable devices, ambient systems, image processing-based systems, and hybrid systems, which employ a combination of two or more of these methodologies. In this review paper, a comparison is made among these major fall detection systems, devices, and algorithms in terms of their proposed approaches and measure of performance. Issues with the current systems such as lack of portability and reliability are presented as well. Development trends such as the use of smartphones, machine learning, and EEG are recognized. Challenges with privacy issues, limited real fall data, and ergonomic design deficiency are also discussed.
Observation Model for Indoor Positioning
Authors: Horn Berthold K. P.
Published: July 2020

The IEEE 802.11mc WiFi standard provides a protocol for a cellphone to measure its distance from WiFi access points (APs). The position of the cellphone can then be estimated from the reported distances using known positions of the APs. There are several “multilateration” methods that work in relatively open environments. The problem is harder in a typical residence where signals pass through walls and floors. There, Bayesian cell update has shown particular promise. The Bayesian grid update method requires an “observation model” which gives the conditional probability of observing a reported distance given a known actual distance. The parameters of an observation model may be fitted using scattergrams of reported distances versus actual distance. We show here that the problem of fitting an observation model can be reduced from two dimensions to one. We further show that, perhaps surprisingly, a “double exponential” observation model fits real data well. Generating the test data involves knowing not only the positions of the APs but also that of the cellphone. Manual determination of positions can limit the scale of test data collection. We show here that “boot strapping,” using results of a Bayesian grid update method as a proxy for the actual position, can provide an accurate observation model, and a good observation model can nearly double the accuracy of indoor positioning. Finally, indoors, reported distance measurements are biased to be mostly longer than the actual distances. An attempt is made here to detect this bias and compensate for it.
Overheating in Schools: Factors Determining Children’s Perceptions of Overall Comfort Indoors
Authors: Domínguez-Amarillo Samuel , Fernández-Agüera Jesica , González Maella Minaksi , Cuerdo-Vilches Teresa
Published: July 2020

Climate change is raising the length and intensity of the warm season in the academic year, with a very significant impact on indoor classroom conditions. Increasingly frequent episodes of extreme heat are having an adverse effect on school activities, whose duration may have to be shortened or pace slackened. Fitting facilities with air conditioning does not always solve the problem and may even contribute to discomfort or worsen health conditions, often as a result of insufficient ventilation. Users have traditionally adopted measures to adapt to these situations, particularly in warm climates where mechanical refrigeration is absent or unavailable. Implementation of such measures or of natural ventilation is not always possible or their efficacy is limited in school environments, however. Such constraints, especially in a context where reasonable energy use and operating costs are a primary concern, inform the need to identify the factors that contribute to users’ perceptions of comfort. This study deploys a post-occupancy strategy combined with participatory action to empower occupants as agents actively engaging in their own comfort. It addresses user-identified classroom comfort parameters potentially applicable in the design and layout of thermally suitable spaces meriting occupant acceptance.
Somatoform disorders: diseases of the civilization
Authors: Kukhtevich I.
Published: July 2020

Functional autonomic disorders occupy a significant part in the practice of neurologists and professionals of other specialties as well. However, there is no generally accepted classification of such disorders. In this paper the authors tried to show that functional autonomic pathology corresponds to the concept of somatoform disorders combining syndromes manifested by visceral, borderline psychopathological, neurological symptoms that do not have an organic basis. The relevance of the problem of somatoform disorders is that on the one hand many health professionals are not familiar enough with manifestations of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, often forming functional autonomic disorders, and on the other hand they overestimate somatoform symptoms that are similar to somatic diseases.
Assessment of the impact of the steady state level of microRNA hsa-miR-370-3p concentration on the efficacy and safety profile of fluvoxamine in patients with depressive disorders disorder comorbid with alcohol use disorders
Authors: Zastrozhin Mikhail , Skryabin Valentin , Ryzhikova Kristina , Sychev Dmitriy
Published: July 2020

Fluvoxamine is used in therapy for patients with depressive spectrum disorders comorbid with alcohol addiction. At the same time, a large proportion of such patients do not respond properly to fluvoxamine therapy and many of them show dose-dependent adverse reactions. Previous studies have demonstrated that CYP2D6 participates in the fluvoxamine biotransformation and its activity depends on polymorphism of the encoding gene. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on the efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine using data on CYP2D6 activity evaluated by the 6M-THBC/pinoline metabolic ratio, as well as data on CYP2D6 expression level obtained by measuring plasma concentration of hsa-miR-370-3p in patients with depressive disorders comorbid with alcohol use disorder. A group of 83 patients with depressive spectrum disorders comorbid with alcohol addiction demonstrated the effect of the 1846G > A polymorphism of the CYP2D6 gene (rs3892097) on the efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine. Unfortunately, hsa-miR-370-3p turned out to be not a valid marker for assessing the level of CYP2D6 expression, since its plasma concentration did not differ in carriers of different genotypes by 1846G > A polymorphic marker.
Dynamics of non-psychotic mental disorders and suicidal intentions in a patient with epilepsy before and after VNS therapy (clinical observation)
Authors: Shova Natalya , Mikhailov Vladimir , Svetlana Korovina , Alekseeva Diana , Platunov Anton
Published: July 2020

Epilepsy affects millions of people around the world. Stimulation of the left vagus nerve (VNS) has proven to be effective in reducing the frequency of seizures for over 30 years, and some authors have noted the positive dynamics of the effect of stimulation on the emotional status of patients. In this clinical observation, we describe changes in the pathopsychological condition before and after VNS therapy in a patient with a drug-resistant form of epilepsy and suicidal intentions.
Artificial human hibernation: from hypothermia to pharmacological hypobiosis. Part I. History of hypothermia
Authors: Cheboksarov Dmitriy , Artyukov Oleg , Muntyan Marina
Published: July 2020

This article is review of literature on the development of human hibernation, it highlights historical aspects of the formation of hypothermia as a method for controlling human metabolism and neuroprotection of the brain in critical conditions.
To the question of operation of an outpatient unit when providing specialized psychiatric care to patients
Authors: Grishina Natalya , Ter-Israelyan Aleksey , Evdokimova Tatyana , Belokrylov Igor
Published: July 2020

The article presents results of the operation of cluster and modular system of psychiatric care in Moscow for the studied period (2017), operating on the basis of one of the psychiatric institutions — Psychiatric clinical hospital №13 of the Moscow Healthcare Department. Advantages of this organizational form in comparison with hospital treatment are determined: reduced treatment period, proximity, relatively fast adaptation of the patients. Attention is drawn to the need to improve interaction between units of the cluster and modular system, ensuring continuity in their work.
Prognostic value of results of the neuro-ophthalmological examination in mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yrysov Keneshbek , Medvedev Mikhail , Toktobaeva Asel
Published: July 2020

Object of the study consisted in 110 patients with mild brain injury. Age of the injured persons was from 17 to 82 years old. Males accounted for 77 people (77,0%), females — 23 (23,0%). The aim of the study was to consider clinical and functional disorders of the ocular fundus and visual analyzer and to develop and substantiate pathogenetic direction in the prevention of optic nerve atrophy with estimation of its efficiency in the acute period of mild brain injury. Obtained results and their novelty. Decrease in visual acuity due to retinal damage was observed in 5,5% of patients with mild head injury in combination with eye contusion. Narrowing of borders of the indirect vision according to the bitemporal pattern in 7 cases of mild brain injury was accompanied by decrease in visual acuity within the range 0,4–0,7 and optic disc blanching with its distinct borders.
Informativeness of the scales for assessing cognitive functions and psychometric questionnaires for moderate cognitive impairment and vascular genesis dementia
Authors: Kudukhova K. , Ivanova L. , Khaikin V. , Mkrtchyan V.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is assessing informative capability of the most frequently used scales and neuropsychological tests evaluating cognitive function for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and vascular dementia (VD). A total of 104 patients with cerebrovascular disorder including 39 male and 65 female were divided into two subgroups depending on severity of the cognitive impairment. The first group consisted of 51 patients with MCI and the second one consisted of 53 patients with VD confirmed by MMSE and MoCA-test. The obtained correlation analysis data testifies to difficulties in the interpretation of these routinely used scales not only because of the differences between investigated parameters of the patients with MCI and VD, but also because of the main goal of their creation. Most of the scales were created for patients with dementia and now their sensitivity for MCI is doubtful. The MoCA test, Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and ADAS-cog subscale are more sensitive and has greatest informative capability for patients with MCI and dementia, while MMSE is more informative mostly for patients with dementia. Neuropsychological tests DAD and NPI remain informative in varying degrees of cognitive impairment. In the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the degree of cognitive impairment of vascular genesis, one should use not only a complex of scales and neuropsychological tests, but also methods that comprehensively reflect the vascular genesis of the process of formation of cognitive impairment.
State of neuromuscular transmission in vibration disease, according to electroneuromyographic test
Authors: Babanov Sergey
Published: July 2020

The article covers the particular features of the neuro-muscular system in vibration disease of various types and severity by electroneuromyographical tests at the Department of Occupational Disorders, Regional Center for Occupational Disorders, Samara Medical and Sanitary Unit № 5 of the Kirov Region (State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Samara Region). Changes in excitability and functional mobility of the sensorimotor system, development of vegetative-sensory polyneuropathy depending on the vibration disease type, severity, and the length of exposure to vibration at work are found in vibration disease patients.
Surgical treatment of gastric cancer complicated by perforation
Authors: Filatov A. , Glukhov E. , Komarov I. , Budurova M. , Shogenov M.
Published: July 2020

The article presents modern views on the tactics and methods of surgical treatment for gastric cancer complicated by perforation and the authors own experience in the treatment of this pathology.
Problems of pathology related to the dermatovenerology field in the emergency hospital
Authors: Barsukova I. , Bagretsova I.
Published: July 2020

Development of a system for the delivery of emergency care in a hospital inevitably raises questions of its availability and quality. And, if the leading pathological syndrome which is a reason for hospitalization and posing a threat to the patient's life deserves priority attention, then the accompanying pathology often stays in the background. At the same time the accompanying pathology related to the field of dermatovenerology poses epidemiological threat. The aim of the study was to improve the organization of health care for patients with concomitant pathology related to dermatovenerology in an emergency hospital. Development of new models and principles of the organization of medical and diagnostic process, introduction of methods of express diagnostics is required; importance of a dermatovenerologist becomes obvious, it will increase the availability and quality of care for patients with dermatovenereological pathology in an emergency hospital.
Dynamics of the detection rate for infectious diseases during blood collection from donors in Russia and factors affecting it
Authors: Grozin E. , Devlikamov R.
Published: July 2020

A study on the detection of infectious diseases during blood donation in Russia was carried out with the aim of explaining the actual problems of blood collection, its safety and benefits, statistical data and implementation of research systems. The authors reviewed the literature from modern domestic and foreign sources. Characteristic of the detection rate for infectious diseases is presented on the basis of their analysis. Causes of such diseases during blood transfusion are determined, preventive measures, methods of working with donors are described.
Bleeding in the practice of emergency paramedics
Authors: Zabolotskikh I. , Kursov S.
Published: July 2020

The lecture covers mechanisms of damage to the body in severe blood loss, issues of classification of blood loss, methods for determining its volume and modern views on conducting fluid resuscitation and hemostatic therapy in patients with severe blood loss.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ruzibaev Dilmurod , Asilova Saodat , Nurimov Gairat
Published: July 2020

The quality of life of patients after total knee replacement is significantly improved. Endoprosthetics of the knee joint leads to the elimination of pain, improving the physical and functional capabilities of the body, which contributes to the re-adaptation of a person to an active social life. We proposed an integrated approach to rehabilitation measures, both medical, social and psychological to achieve this.
Correlation analysis of the x-ray and functional parameters from the results of chevron (Austin) osteotomy for hallux valgus
Authors: Khairutdinov Ruslan , Minasov Timur , Yakupova Ekaterina , Mukhametzyanova Elvina
Published: July 2020

Hallux valgus is characterized by the appearance and growth of a painful “lump” in the region of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, the development of forefoot corns, and inability to choose the right shoes, which leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life of these patients. Corrective osteotomies that preserve the metatarsophalangeal joint, for example Austin (Chevron) osteotomy, are usually used for hallux valgus deformity of the I, II degrees. Radiography with the study of the hallux valgus angle (HVA), the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) is a research method that shows the true correlation between bone structures. The correlation between the radiological and functional indicators of osteotomy allows us to determine possible recommendations for indications for surgical treatment of Hallux valgus. Correlation shows that the largest correction of hallux valgus in older patients occurs due to a small adjustment of the angle of DMMA and HVA. IMA had the best correction after Austin osteotomy among patients of a younger age, then the HVA, and the DMMA had minimum correction according to the AOFAS rating scale (Kitaoka). The revealed correlations allow us to determine the correct tactics for the treatment of hallux valgus by identifying the benefits of Austin osteotomy.
Analysis of vitamin D deficiency in patients of different age groups
Authors: Minasov Timur , Nurlygayanov Radik , Vershinina Angela , Soboleva Yulia , Akhmeldinov Damir , Bilalov Fanil , Khairutdinov Ruslan , Ginoyan Akop , Saubanov Radmir
Published: July 2020

The results of a study of the concentration of vitamin D in blood serum of 3455 residents of Ufa are presented. Physiological values of 25(OH)D were observed in 34.9 % (274) of men and 31.7 % (847) of women, which is 32.4 % (1121) of all examined. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 67.1 % of the examined. The level of 25(OH)D in the blood serum of residents is on average 75 nmol/L, which is the upper limit of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is extremely common among residents of this region of the Russian Federation (67.1 %).
Use of transdermal therapeutic systems for endocrine diseases
Authors: Uzdenova Indira , Musaeva Camila
Published: July 2020

Transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) is a new generation of dosage forms when a drug substance enters the body through the skin, and then gets into the bloodstream. The advantages and disadvantages of this dosage form are known. Transdermal drug delivery has great prospects, is easy to prescribe, convenient for elderly patients. TTSs came out on top among highly effective systems of drug delivery through the skin. To date, this dosage form is not widespread in Russia.
Tactics of emergency care for patients with pancreatic necrosis
Authors: Stepchenkov Roman
Published: July 2020

Pancreatic necrosis is a destructive lesion of the pancreas, often leading to the development of multiple organ failure. The basis of pathogenesis is a violation of the mechanism of counteraction to proteolytic enzymes produced by the pancreas. Pancreatic necrosis is a formidable complication of pancreatitis, with mortality ranging from 30 to 70%. To date, the frequency of occurrence of this pathology in surgical practice takes second place after acute appendicitis. The leading role in prevention of pancreatic necrosis and the prevention of lethal outcome is played by early detection, timely hospitalization and the quickest possible start of therapeutic measures [3].
Caroli syndrome: a clinical case
Authors: Shindina T. , Aleksandrova E. , Minushkin O. , Kropova O. , Maksimov Maksim
Published: July 2020

This article covers a case of the rare, hereditarily caused disease, "Caroli Syndrome". The publication of this case is important because it shows that rare diseases occur, should be diagnosed and treated at all stages of patient care. It is important to know that this pathology is diagnosed and treated according to the state program — "Rare diseases".
Possibilities of evaluation of functional activity and mineral metabolism during the period of a maximum of bone mass
Authors: Minasov Timur , Yakupova Ekaterina , Mukhametzyanova Elvina
Published: July 2020

In the modern world in conditions of changing the importance of physical and mental activity issues of keeping physical health remain relevant, with the great impact of scientific and technical progress. One of the determinants of bone mass reduction is the restriction of physical activity. Patients being studied with a lower body mass index are more subjected to disorders of mineral metabolism of bone tissue. Only 9 % of women and 6 % of men receive proper age-appropriate calcium, and the daily requirements of calcium are satisfied only in 50 % or less of cases. Increasing the alimentary calcium in the diet is one of the approaches to prevent osteoporotic status. However in conditions when sufficient absorption of calcium with food is not possible for any reason, calcium supplements in the form of pharmacological drugs should be used.
Medical and Sociological Study of the Opinion of the Population as Justification for the Implementation of the Principles of Lean Production in the Work of Medical Organizations of the Nizhniy Novgorod Region
Authors: Romanova Tatiyana , Mishanov Sergey
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the need of implementation of lean healthcare technologies in the activities of medical organizations. The article gives a brief overview of the concept of lean technologies, stages of their implementation, prospects. The article presents the experience of the participation of the territorial fund of compulsory medical insurance of the Nizhniy Novgorod region and insurance medical organizations in assessing the effectiveness of measures to implement the principles of lean production in the work of medical organizations that provide primary health care to the population of the region. The authors analyzed the survey of the population about their interest in improving the organization of medical care and the social effectiveness of the implementation of lean healthcare technologies in the work of a large number of hospitals and clinics of the region. The pivotal conclusion from the experience of implementing lean technologies in healthcare is the need to search for and widespread use of innovative communication technologies.
Exosomes of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Prospects for Clinical Application
Authors: Meshcheryakova N. , Kuzmenko V. , Stanishevskiy Ya.
Published: July 2020

Exosomes are considered to be a population of extracellular vesicles, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells as a population of stem cells. Studies on the clinical use of exosomes of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells were analyzed. Transplantation of exosomes of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells is promising in the treatment of various diseases.
Experience of organizing work in the system of continuous medical education on the example of a multidisciplinary healthcare organization
Authors: Murygina Mariya , Abaeva Olga
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of changing the Russian system of professional development for doctors and nurses. The author describes the experience of organizing such work in a multidisciplinary healthcare organization by the HR service, and indicates the problems and prospects of transition to a new system of continuous medical education.
Hygiene assessment of training in the “Sechenov Medical Pre-University” resource center
Authors: Tikashkina Olga
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was a hygiene assessment of training technology in the Sechenov Medical Pre-University Resource Center. 136 students from the Resource Center participated in this study. Sanitary and hygiene, as well as physiological examinations were carried out. Weekly academic load is exceeding the norm, the biggest load is on Thursdays, but at the same time load on Mondays and Fridays remains lighter, there are no alternating training sessions according to the difficulty of the subject. Critical flicker-fusion frequency (CFF) and reaction to a moving object in students before and after the lessons throughout the week was quite stable, which reflects stable functional state of nervous system, its activity, readiness for action, balance of excitation and inhibition processes.
Post-mortem and living donation: ethical and legal issues
Authors: Petrov Gennadiy , Erugina Marina , Krom Irina
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to ethical and legal issues of organ donation. The authors analyze the main concepts of the Russian legislation concerning health care in relation to living and postmortem organ donors. The results indicate the need to specify legal norms for this type of health care and assess complex issues of organ donation on the basis of sociological approaches.
Some results of the implementation of the priority project «creating a new model of a medical organization that provides primary health care»: problems and prospects
Authors: Smyshlyaev Alexey , Sadovskaya Maria
Published: July 2020

Optimization of the activities of medical organizations providing primary health care requires the development of new organizational and functional models. The introduction of new approaches to organizing the activities of medical organizations is primarily a step towards patients. The new model is a patient-oriented medical organization, the management of which is based on the use of a process-oriented approach and «lean» technologies. Since 2019, within the framework of the federal project «Development of a primary health care system,» a project has been launched to introduce the «New Model of a Medical Organization Providing Primary Health Care». The implementation of the project is scheduled for 2019-2024 inclusive. The creation and replication of the «new model» is planned for the participation of all subjects of the Russian Federation. The introduction of lean technology methods in the work of medical organizations has reduced the waiting time for doctors, optimized the burden on doctors, reduced the time for obtaining research results, streamlining the process of moving a patient within a medical organization. The creation of an effective quality management system in medical organizations is achieved through the phased implementation of lean-technology.
Сomparative analysis of the font design effect of electronic texts, presented on a laptop and tablet, on the visual analyzer of schoolchildren of basic General education
Authors: Sankov S.
Published: July 2020

The problem of increasing the prevalence of visual impairment in schoolchildren is becoming especially urgent at the present time, when e-learning programs and new e-learning contents are being implemented in schools. It seems relevant to search for optimal characteristics of presenting information on screens, taking into account the specifics of the electronic devices and age-related physiological features of the users’ visual system. It was shown that the initial indicators of the visual analyzer in schoolchildren of basic general education are near the lower limit of the norm. Pupilsof this age are highly sensitive to visual load. Reading texts in 16- and 14-point font of 200 and 400 signs was carried out at the stable functioning of the visual system and the improvement of the critical flicker fusion frequency indicators of schoolchildren regardless of the used electronic device.Reading texts in 16- and 14-point font of 600 signs and in 12-point font of 400 signs led to a decrease in the lability of the visual analyzer, which became significant only using a laptop. The screens of tablets provides create more favorable visual working conditions than laptops and can increase the resistance to visual and general fatigue among schoolchildren. The development of visual fatigue was observed after reading texts typed in 12-point font of 600 signs and in 10-point font of 200 signs, both from a laptop and tablet. The obtained results provide justification for creating hygienic requirements for the font design of electronic educational publications for schoolchildren of this age category.
Review of research in the field of hygiene safety of recreational and drinking water use of the population of the Top Don basin
Authors: Mekhantiev Igor
Published: July 2020

The article provides an overview of regional studies addressing the hygienic safety of recreational and drinking water use of the population of the Upper Don basin, conducted on the territory of the Voronezh region. The results of dissertation research for 1997–2019 and materials of modern scientific publications on the studied problem for 2015–2019, showing priority regional problems of water use of the population of the Upper Don Basin are considered. The data of scientific and practical work and state monitoring on the inconsistency of water quality with current standards in places of recreation at water bodies and drinking water of centralized water supply systems for sanitary and chemical indicators and microbiological safety indicators are presented. A description of the current system for monitoring the state of water resources is presented and attention is drawn to the need for its improvement.