bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An elderly man with fecal materials in the Foley catheter
Authors: Fang Pin‐Hui , Lin Wei‐Yu , Chang Ying‐Hsin , Hsu Hsiang‐Chin , Lin Chih‐Hao
Published: July 2018

A 70‐year‐old man presented to the emergency department with a 2‐week history of watery diarrhea. Fecal materials were found in the Foley catheter. A computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis revealed chronic diverticulitis with enterovesical fistula. The patient was treated with broad‐spectrum antibiotics and underwent an urgent surgery with a transverse loop colostomy. The presence of fecaluria should raise the clinical suspicion of enterovesical fistula. Computed tomography is the choice of diagnostic modality.
The Game of Thrones Small Council and Doctoral Training in Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Vagle Mark D.
Published: July 2018

This article moves toward the continued creation of spaces and places to share, discuss, argue, challenge, and celebrate the profound number of theories and methodologies within qualitative inquiry. To do so, I take up some nuances and tensions in the television series, Game of Thrones, and work/think/play with them in relation to Deleuze and Guattari’s packs and masses configurations. I use this theorizing to briefly discuss doctoral training in qualitative inquiry and in particular how the experience of pack AND mass leadership have the potential to be lived out in ways that allow those with less power to work/think/play a bit. The aim is to take seriously how those seated at the table have a profound influence on what is stated and not stated; the direction a dissertation takes; what becomes thinkable and what remains unthinkable; and whether work/think/play can be realized.
In Need of an Attitude Adjustment? The Role of Data Visualization in Attitude Change and Evaluation Influence
Authors: Mason Sarah , Azzam Tarek
Published: July 2018

The connection between evaluation practice and its ultimate goal—social betterment—is indirect. With little or no direct control over social programs and policies, many evaluators rely on the actions of stakeholders to bridge the gap between evaluation practice and its purpose. Consequently, communicating with influence becomes key. The present empirical study tested the influence of evaluation findings on reader attitudes. It also extended current research on communication in evaluation by empirically testing whether visual data displays are related to evaluation influence. Findings suggested evaluators can shape reader attitudes through evaluation reports; however, readers responded differently based on the report’s consistency with their initial attitudes. Additionally, evaluators should be cautious about overestimating the effects of data visualization on readers’ attitudinal responses. Overall, findings provided a rationale for continued use of, and further research into, tailored evaluation reports.
Modeling Cumulative Biological Phenomena with Suppes-Bayes Causal Networks
Authors: Ramazzotti Daniele , Graudenzi Alex , Caravagna Giulio , Antoniotti Marco
Published: July 2018

Several diseases related to cell proliferation are characterized by the accumulation of somatic DNA changes, with respect to wild-type conditions. Cancer and HIV are 2 common examples of such diseases, where the mutational load in the cancerous/viral population increases over time. In these cases, selective pressures are often observed along with competition, co-operation, and parasitism among distinct cellular clones. Recently, we presented a mathematical framework to model these phenomena, based on a combination of Bayesian inference and Suppes’ theory of probabilistic causation, depicted in graphical structures dubbed Suppes-Bayes Causal Networks (SBCNs). The SBCNs are generative probabilistic graphical models that recapitulate the potential ordering of accumulation of such DNA changes during the progression of the disease. Such models can be inferred from data by exploiting likelihood-based model selection strategies with regularization. In this article, we discuss the theoretical foundations of our approach and we investigate in depth the influence on the model selection task of (1) the poset based on Suppes’ theory and (2) different regularization strategies. Furthermore, we provide an example of application of our framework to HIV genetic data highlighting the valuable insights provided by the inferred SBCN
Normal Ultrasound Doppler Parameters for Functioning AV Fistulas
Authors: von Stempel Conrad , Cloran Jeanette , Jeevaratnam Praveen , Metcalfe Matthew , Steiner Kate
Published: July 2018

Doppler ultrasound (DUS) is a highly sensitive and specific test for assessment of the morphology of stenoses and measure blood flow within arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). Retrospective review of 150 Doppler studies (121 patients) performed by a single radiologist were analyzed in conjunction with contemporaneous clinical dialysis function. Volume flow in the brachial artery, peak systolic velocity (PSV), and size of the anastomosis (diameter and intimal thickness) were recorded. Volume flow in the brachial artery of ≈>1000 mL/min is a predictor of good fistula function. Volume flow in the brachial artery negatively correlates with both the reduction in perianastomotic diameter and increased intimal thickness ( P = .02) and positively correlates with increased diameter of the perianastomotic vein (PAV) ( P < .0001). Measurements of PSV across the PAV do not correlate with fistula dysfunction or a significant stenosis. Volume flow of >1000 mL/min in the brachial artery and a PAV diameter of ≥3.5 mm are predictive of a well-functioning fistula. Intimal thickening at the anastomosis can be measured on ultrasound and may be another useful parameter in the assessment of a failing fistula. These parameters could be used to exclude a significant inflow stenosis.
Cerebral Mycotic Aneurysm and Infective Endocarditis: A Case Study
Authors: Wormely Leslie , Williams Arrin , Kilaru Sashi
Published: July 2018

Mycotic aneurysms resulting from endocarditis are uncommon, and patients having aneurysms in multiple locations are rare. We report on a case of a patient having both infrapopliteal and cerebral mycotic aneurysms as a result of endocarditis. A patient was referred to the vascular lab for a lower extremity venous duplex, which incidentally demonstrated an infrapopliteal aneurysm of the right tibio-peroneal trunk. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated two separate aneurysms: one at the origin of the anterior tibial artery and another involving the peroneal artery. The anterior tibial artery aneurysm was treated surgically. A transesophageal echocardiogram was performed on the patient and identified vegetation on the prosthetic aortic valve. The patient was then transferred to another facility for replacement of the prosthetic aortic valve. The patient suffered a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) postoperatively and subsequently had two cerebral mycotic aneurysms identified and treated.
Bilateral Motor Cortex Plasticity in Individuals With Chronic Stroke, Induced by Paired Associative Stimulation
Authors: Ferris Jennifer K. , Neva Jason L. , Francisco Beatrice A. , Boyd Lara A.
Published: July 2018

Background: In the chronic phase after stroke, cortical excitability differs between the cerebral hemispheres; the magnitude of this asymmetry depends on degree of motor impairment. It is unclear whether these asymmetries also affect capacity for plasticity in corticospinal tract excitability or whether hemispheric differences in plasticity are related to chronic sensorimotor impairment. Methods: Response to paired associative stimulation (PAS) was assessed bilaterally in 22 individuals with chronic hemiparesis. Corticospinal excitability was measured as the area under the motor-evoked potential (MEP) recruitment curve (AUC) at baseline, 5 minutes, and 30 minutes post-PAS. Percentage change in contralesional AUC was calculated and correlated with paretic motor and somatosensory impairment scores. Results: PAS induced a significant increase in AUC in the contralesional hemisphere ( P = .041); in the ipsilesional hemisphere, there was no significant effect of PAS ( P = .073). Contralesional AUC showed significantly greater change in individuals without an ipsilesional MEP ( P = .029). Percentage change in contralesional AUC between baseline and 5 m post-PAS correlated significantly with FM score ( r = −0.443; P = .039) and monofilament thresholds ( r = 0.444, P = .044). Discussion: There are differential responses to PAS within each cerebral hemisphere. Contralesional plasticity was increased in individuals with more severe hemiparesis, indicated by both the absence of an ipsilesional MEP and a greater degree of motor and somatosensory impairment. These data support a body of research showing compensatory changes in the contralesional hemisphere after stroke; new therapies for individuals with chronic stroke could exploit contralesional plasticity to help restore function.
Race and Racism: How Does an Aspiring Social Justice Principal Support Black Student Leaders for Racial Equity Among a Resistant White Staff
Authors: Lac Van T. , Baxley Gwendolyn S.
Published: July 2018

The leaders of the Black Student Union (BSU) at Liberty High School share their school climate and culture survey with Ms. Nguyen, their Asian American principal. Black youth leaders reveal a hostile and unwelcoming climate in the form of anti-blackness for Black students at a school staffed with primarily white teachers. BSU students request to share their findings with the entire school staff. The question remains how Ms. Nguyen, a principal who has the aspirations of a social justice leader and the desire to incorporate the voices of marginalized groups at her school, navigates a challenging context where white teaching staff exhibit resistance to creating social change at Liberty High.
Silencing Social Media on Suicidal Matters at a School Setting
Authors: LaRoe Holly , Corrales Antonio
Published: July 2018

Cyberbullying has become a real and occasionally lethal threat among adolescents during the past years. The act of cyberbullying is often untraceable, leaving victims tormented and routinely harassed on social media. This emerging problem causes depression and anxiety, psychologically affecting our adolescents. With an increase in adolescents’ suicides, cyberbullying should be examined as a risk factor. This case describes how the tragic suicide of a student at Heartsville High School immersed Principal Ivy La Fleur in the middle of a convoluted situation affecting students, parents, and staff. A series of events allowed the seasoned school principal to investigate the matter in depth, discover the struggles students were suffering in terms of cyberbullying, put a plan in place to manage a general crisis affecting the entire educational community, and promote changes to avoid similar situations in the near future.
The efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in patients with Fontan circulation: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Wuwan , Hu Xiankang , Liao Weitin , Rutahoile W.H. , Malenka David J. , Zeng Xiaofang , Yang Yunjing , Feng Panpan , Wen Li , Huang Wei
Published: July 2018

No previous meta‐analysis has evaluated the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in Fontan physiology. Recent relative trials have obtained conflicting results regarding improvements in peak oxygen consumption; the relatively small number of patients in each study may be a limiting factor. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in Fontan patients. Relevant studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Pooled outcomes were determined to assess the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in Fontan patients. Nine randomized controlled studies involving 381 patients with Fontan circulation were included. Pulmonary vasodilator therapy led to significant improvement (mean difference = −0.39, 95% CI: [−0.72, −0.05]) in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. The 6‐minute walking distance (6MWD) was significantly increased by 134 m (95% CI: [86.07, 181.94]), and the peak VO2 was also significantly improved (mean difference = 1.42 ml·(kg·min)‐1, 95% CI: [0.21, 2.63]). Additionally, the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was significantly reduced (mean difference = −2.25 mmHg, 95% CI: [−3.00, −1.50]). No significant change was found in mortality or in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N‐terminal pronatriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP). Four studies reported no side effects and good drug tolerance, and two studies reported mild adverse effects. The present meta‐analysis indicated that pulmonary vasodilators (primarily the PDE‐5 inhibitor and endothelin‐1 receptor antagonist) significantly improved the hemodynamics of Fontan patients, reduced the NYHA functional class and increased the 6MWD. The peak oxygen consumption was also improved. No significant change was observed in mortality or in the BNP or NT‐proBNP level. Overall, the pulmonary vasodilators were well tolerated. This finding needs to be confirmed in future studies.
Coeliac disease: factors affecting the transition and a practical tool for the transition to adult healthcare
Authors: Zingone Fabiana , Massa Serana , Malamisura Basilio , Pisano Pasquale , Ciacci Carolina
Published: July 2018

Background

As of now, no established model for the transition from childhood to adulthood in coeliac disease exists. We aim to describe the dietary compliance and the quality of life of a population of young coeliac disease patients around transition age and to develop a practical tool (TRANSIT‐CeD disk) which can be used during the transition process effectively to transmit young adults to the adult healthcare giver.

Methods

We consecutively recruited all coeliac disease patients with a paediatric diagnosis (≤16 years) and aged between 9 and 20 years at the time of the study. The patients were asked to answer some questions concerning their adherence to a gluten‐free diet, knowledge about coeliac disease, relationship with healthcare givers and quality of life.

Results

We included 58 subjects, mean age 14.5 ± 3.6 years, of which 62% were girls/young women. We observed that dietary compliance was independently and positively related to age at diagnosis and coeliac disease knowledge, while quality of life was only independently and positively related to coeliac disease knowledge.

Conclusion

A good coeliac disease knowledge is positively related to dietary compliance and quality of life. With the help of the TRANSIT‐CeD disk we proposed, paediatricians and adult gastroenterologists can follow the patients during the transition and identify some points to work on.
Friction in micromanufacturing
Authors: Dixit U. S. , Yadav V. , Ganesh Narayanan R. , Bhardwaj N.
Published: July 2018

Friction plays a vital role in several micromanufacturing processes. Since the eighteenth century, the phenomenon of friction has been widely investigated, but it is still one of the least understood subjects. In this article, a review of studies on friction in micromanufacturing is presented with a background of existing knowledge at the macro level. While there is a general recognition that force of friction is several times higher in micromanufacturing than that in conventional manufacturing, there is a dearth of robust and reliable models, especially suited for micromanufacturing. At present, a pocket model can be considered as the only friction model for micromanufacturing, which demonstrates how friction increases considerably with diminishing size under lubricated conditions. However, this model does not capture the physics of friction under dry conditions, which may be heavily dependent on the grain size as well. There are several contradictory results in the literature, particularly with regard to the roles of surface roughness and temperature. Thus, there is a need to carry out an in-depth investigation on the tribology of micromanufacturing processes.
New nanofluids, based on clay minerals, as promising heat carriers for energetics
Authors: Moraru Vasily
Published: July 2018

In an automated installation powered by direct current (DC), the boiling curves and heat-transfer-coefficient (HTC) dependencies on the superheat values (ΔT) under free convection conditions for the water nanodispersions of clay minerals – illite, montmorillonite, palygorskite and genetic mixtures of the latter two – were obtained. The effects of some factors on pool boiling heat transfer were also studied.

A significant influence of the shape and anisotropy of nanoparticles (NPs) on the heat-transfer parameters of nanofluids (NFs) was detected. A significant critical heat flux (CHF) enhancement (up to 200–300%) at boiling of the nanofluids studied was established, which is due to nanoparticle deposition on the heater surface during nanofluid boiling. The structure of the nanomaterials deposited is important in the enhancement of heat transfer at boiling of nanofluids and in avoiding boiling crises.

The present study showed the effectiveness of clay-mineral nanofluids for extra emergency cooling of overheated surfaces of powerful equipment in the event of the sudden onset of a boiling crisis.
A hibonite-spinel-corundum-hematite assemblage in plagioclase-clinopyroxene pyrometamorphic rocks, Hatrurim Basin, Israel: mineral chemistry, genesis and formation temperatures
Authors: Sharygin Victor V.
Published: July 2018

The intergrowths of Fe-rich corundum + Al-rich hematite + spinel + hibonite have been found as an assemblage in a plagioclase-clinopyroxene rock (paralava, former hornfels) at the Hatrurim Basin, Hatrurim combustion metamorphic Formation. Most spinels show oriented exsolution structures and vary from (Mg0.75${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 25}}^{2 +} $)(Al1.80${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 20}}^{3 +} $)O4(with exsolutions) to (Mg0.77${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 23}}^{2 +} $)(Al1.95${\rm Fe}_{{\rm 0}{\rm. 05}}^{3 +} $)O4(homogeneous) indicating a tendency towards magnesioferrite and magnetite, and enrichment in NiO (up to 1.9 wt.%) and ZnO (up to 1.4 wt.%). Hibonite is Ti rich (TiO2> 8 wt.%) and close to CaAl9Fe3+(Mg,Fe2+)TiO19. Corundum varies in Fe2O3(4.2–11.8 wt.%). Hematite is also inhomogeneous and contains oriented exsolution structures of corundum. It shows variable concentrations of TiO2(0.7–5.6 wt.%), Al2O3(0.7–8.6 wt.%), Cr2O3(0.2–1.5 wt.%), V2O3(0.1–1.0 wt.%) and MgO (0.3–2.0 wt.%). Crystallization of this specific assemblage is assumed to be at 1000–1200°C using evaluations for the corundum hematite pair with reference to published experimental data. The active role of superheated oxidised volatiles is suggested during both crystallisation of this corundum-bearing association and host-rock transformation (melting event for hornfels → paralava).
Risk factors for hospitalized patients with resistant or multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Raman Gowri , Avendano Esther E. , Chan Jeffrey , Merchant Sanjay , Puzniak Laura
Published: July 2018

Background

Identifying risk factors predicting acquisition of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa will aid surveillance and diagnostic initiatives and can be crucial in early and appropriate antibiotic therapy. We conducted a systematic review examining risk factors of acquisition of resistant P. aeruginosa among hospitalized patients.

Methods

MEDLINE®, EMBASE®, and Cochrane Central were searched between 2000 and 2016 for studies examining independent risk factors associated with acquisition of resistant P. aeruginosa, among hospitalized patients. Random effects model meta-analysis was conducted when at least three or more studies were sufficiently similar.

Results

Of the 54 eligible articles, 28 publications (31studies) examined multi-drug resistant (MDR) or extensively drug resistant (XDR) P. aeruginosa and 26 publications (29 studies) examined resistant P. aeruginosa. The acquisition of MDR P. aeruginosa, as compared with non-MDR P. aeruginosa, was significantly associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission (3 studies: summary adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.2) or use of quinolones (4 studies: summary adjusted OR 3.59). Acquisition of MDR or XDR compared with susceptible P. aeruginosa was significantly associated with prior hospital stay (4 studies: summary adjusted OR 1.90), use of quinolones (3 studies: summary adjusted OR 4.34), or use of carbapenems (3 studies: summary adjusted OR 13.68). The acquisition of MDR P. aeruginosa compared with non-P. aeruginosa was significantly associated with prior use of cephalosporins (3 studies: summary adjusted OR 3.96), quinolones (4 studies: summary adjusted OR 2.96), carbapenems (6 studies: summary adjusted OR 2.61), and prior hospital stay (4 studies: summary adjusted OR 1.74). The acquisition of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa compared with susceptible P. aeruginosa, was statistically significantly associated with prior use of piperacillin-tazobactam (3 studies: summary adjusted OR 2.64), vancomycin (3 studies: summary adjusted OR 1.76), and carbapenems (7 studies: summary adjusted OR 4.36).

Conclusions

Prior use of antibiotics and prior hospital or ICU stay was the most significant risk factors for acquisition of resistant P. aeruginosa. These findings provide guidance in identifying patients that may be at an elevated risk for a resistant infection and emphasize the importance of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control in hospitals.
Ultrasonographic findings of re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns
Authors: Kim Jong Dae , Oh Suk Joon , Kim Sun Gyu , Ahn Song Vogue , Jang Yu Jin , Yang Ban Seok , Jeong Ji Yun , Kim Kwang Jo
Published: July 2018

Background

This study aimed to investigate the difference between ultrasonographic findings of normal skin and those of re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns and to evaluate the relationship between these findings and clinical outcomes.

Methods

This study retrospectively analysed the ultrasound images of re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns and contralateral normal skin from January 2016 to December 2016. A total of 155 lesions from 148 patients were analysed with ultrasound images, and healing time was documented. The scar status of each lesion was evaluated through medical records and photographs. We analysed the difference in ultrasonographic findings between normal skin and re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns and statistically analysed the relationship between healing time, scar status and ultrasonographic findings.

Results

The re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns was significantly thicker than the contralateral normal skin, and the echogenicity was significantly lower. The ultrasound images of the re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns showed the characteristic findings of low-echogenic bands (LEB), and the proportion of LEB thickness is strongly correlated with healing time. In the multivariate analysis of scar status, only the proportion of LEB thickness was statistically significant.

Conclusion

In this study, we found that there were ultrasonographic differences between re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns and normal skin and that an LEB of varying thickness was formed after re-epithelialization. The thickness of the LEB in re-epithelialized skin after partial-thickness burns increased with healing time and was related to scar status.
The relationship between comorbidity medication adherence and health related quality of life among patients with cancer
Authors: Drzayich Antol Dana , Waldman Casebeer Adrianne , Khoury Raya , Michael Todd , Renda Andrew , Hopson Sari , Parikh Aparna , Stein Alisha , Costantino Mary , Stemkowski Stephen , Bunce Mikele
Published: July 2018

Background

Studies have demonstrated that comorbidities compound the adverse influence of cancer on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Comorbidities adversely impact adherence to cancer treatment. Additionally, adherence to medications for comorbidities is positively associated with HRQoL for various diseases. This study used the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Healthy Days measure of HRQoL to explore the association between HRQoL and adherence to comorbidity medication for elderly patients with cancer and at least one comorbid condition.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey combined with retrospective claims data. Patients with metastatic breast, lung or colorectal cancer were surveyed regarding their HRQoL, comorbidity medication adherence and cancer-related symptoms. Patients reported the number of physical, mental and total unhealthy days in the prior month. The Morisky Medication Adherence 8-point scale was differentiated into moderate/high (> 6) and low (≤ 6) comorbidity medication adherence.

Results

Of the 1847 respondents, the mean age was 69.2 years, most were female (66.8%) and the majority of the sample had Medicare coverage (88.2%). Low comorbidity medication adherence was associated with significantly more total, mental and physical unhealthy days. Low comorbidity medication adherence was associated with the presence of patient-reported cancer-related symptoms. Patients reporting low, as compared to moderate/high, comorbidity medication adherence had 23.4% more unhealthy days in adjusted analysis,P = 0.007.

Conclusion

The positive association between low comorbidity medication adherence and the number of unhealthy days suggests that addressing barriers to comorbidity medication adherence during cancer treatment may be an avenue for improving or maintaining HRQoL for older patients with cancer and comorbid conditions.
ΠΡΩΪΜΟΣ ΔΙΑΓΝΩΣΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΥΟΦΟΡΙΑΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΑΣ ΦΟΡΒΑΔΑΣ ΔΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΒΑΤΡΑΧΩΝ
Authors: ΒΛΑΧΟΣ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
LE ROLE DU VÉTÉRINAIRE DANS L'ECONOMIE MONDIALE
Authors: DALLING THOMAS
Published: July 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Crystal structures of a llama VHH antibody BCD090-M2 targeting human ErbB3 receptor
Authors: Eliseev Igor E. , Yudenko Anna N. , Vysochinskaya Vera V. , Svirina Anna A. , Evstratyeva Anna V. , Drozhzhachih Maria S. , Krendeleva Elena A. , Vladimirova Anna K. , Nemankin Timofey A. , Ekimova Viktoria M. , Ulitin Andrey B. , Lomovskaya Maria I. , Yakovlev Pavel A. , Bukatin Anton S. , Knyazev Nickolay A. , Moiseenko Fedor V. , Chakchir Oleg B.
Published: July 2018

Background: The ability of ErbB3 receptor to functionally complement ErbB1-2 and induce tumor resistance to their inhibitors makes it a unique target in cancer therapy by monoclonal antibodies. Here we report the expression, purification and structural analysis of a new anti-ErbB3 single-chain antibody.

Methods: The VHH fragment of the antibody was expressed in E. coli SHuffle cells as a SUMO fusion, cleaved by TEV protease and purified to homogeneity. Binding to the extracellular domain of ErbB3 was studied by surface plasmon resonance. For structural studies, the antibody was crystallized by hanging-drop vapor diffusion in two different forms.

Results: We developed a robust and efficient system for recombinant expression of single-domain antibodies. The purified antibody was functional and bound ErbB3 with KD=15±1 nM. The crystal structures of the VHH antibody in space groups C2 and P1 were solved by molecular replacement at 1.6 and 1.9 Å resolution. The high-quality electron density maps allowed us to build precise atomic models of the antibody and the putative paratope. Surprisingly, the CDR H2 existed in multiple distant conformations in different crystal forms, while the more complex CDR H3 had a low structural variability. The structures were deposited under PDB entry codes 6EZW and 6F0D.

Conclusions: Our results may facilitate further mechanistic studies of ErbB3 inhibition by single-chain antibodies. Besides, the solved structures will contribute to datasets required to develop new computational methods for antibody modeling and design.
Discovery and description of the first human Retro-Giant virus
Authors: Lusi Elena Angela , Caicci Federico
Published: July 2018

Background:Robert Gallo reported the first human retrovirus HLTV in 1980. What we report here is the first human giant virus, Mimivirus-like, with a retroviral core.

Methods:  The isolation of human giant viruses from human T cells  Leukaemia was performed on 25% sucrose gradient. The purified viral pellet was examined using electron microscopy (EM), after immunolabelling with anti-FeLV gag p27 moAb, used for its ability to bind conserved epitopes among different mammalian retroviruses. RNA extracted from the viral particles was amplified with the Pan Retrovirus PCR technique that targets the most conserved VLPQG and YMDD in the Pol region of different retroviruses. The amplified genes were sequenced and analyzed with molecular phylogenetic tests.

Results:EM showed the presence of ~400 nm giant viruses, mimivirus-like, specifically labelled by anti-FeLV gag p27 Ab. RNA extracted from the particles contained retroviral genes. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of 150 bp amplicon product, compared with the same size amplicons of the Pol gene of diverse retroviruses, showed that the retro-giant viruses are a distinct branch, missing from the current classification of retroviruses.

Conclusions:Although sharing some of the morphological features with Mimiviruses, this human giant virus differs substantially from environmental DNA-giant viruses isolated so far, in that it manifests a unique mammalian transforming retroviral core and T cell tropism. The virus should not be confused with a classic human retrovirus nor even a large human retrovirus, but an ancestral human giant virus, mimivirus-like, with a mammalian retroviral core. Certainly, the oncogenic potential of the viral particle and its T cell tropism is of concern and further studies are needed to clarify the role of this giant virus in human diseases and evolution of archetypal retroviruses.
Resilience in persons with affective and anxiety disorders and the experience of early trauma – pilot studies
Authors: Talaga Małgorzata , Sikorska Iwona , Jawor Mirosława
Published: July 2018

Cel pracy

Głównym celem badania było poznanie roli odporności ego jako czynnikapośredniczącego w relacji pomiędzy wczesną traumą a symptomami psychopatologicznymi w życiu dorosłym oraz próba identyfikacji związków między odpornością psychiczną i cechami osobowości a wczesnymi doświadczeniami traumatycznymi i psychopatologicznymi objawami w życiu dorosłym u osób cierpiących na zaburzenia afektywne i lękowe.

Metoda

W badaniu wzięło udział 30 pacjentów Oddziału Dziennego Leczenia Zaburzeń Emocji i Nastroju Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego w Krakowie, których poproszono o wypełnienie Inwentarza Wczesnej Traumy (IWT), Inwentarza Osobowości NEO-PI-R, SkaliResilience dla Dorosłych (RSA) i Skali Depresji Becka (BDI).

Wyniki

Osoby badane w większości (97%) doświadczyły traumy interpersonalnej w dzieciństwie – najczęściej traumy fizycznej (96,67%) i emocjonalnej (83,33%). Pod względem cech osobowości najwięcej osób badanych charakteryzuje się wysokim poziomem Ugodowości (50%), Neurotyczności (43,34%) i bardzo niskim Ekstrawertyczności (36,67%). W zakresie odporności psychicznej najwyższy średni wynik uzyskano dla czynnika Percepcja własnej przyszłości (24,80 pkt), a najniższy dla Siły osobistej (9,73 pkt). Średnie nasilenie objawów depresyjnych w badanej grupie odpowiada epizodowi depresji o łagodnym nasileniu (M = 22,83).

Wnioski

Uzyskane wyniki nie potwierdzają związku między depresyjnością i wczesną traumą oraz między depresyjnością i cechami osobowości. Wykonane analizy pozwalają natomiast na stwierdzenie, że wystąpienie zakłóceń zdrowia psychicznego zależy nie tyle od przeżytej w okresie dzieciństwa traumy, ile od poziomu odporności psychicznej. Odporność psychiczna może być predyktorem pozytywnego profilu osobowości i czynnikiem chroniącym przed dużym nasileniem objawów depresyjnych.
Coping styles and dispositional optimism as predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms intensity in paramedics
Authors: Kucmin Tomasz , Kucmin Adriana , Turska Dorota , Turski Andrzej , Nogalski Adam
Published: July 2018

Cel pracy

Celem badania było ustalenie związku pomiędzy nasileniem objawów zaburzenia stresowego pourazowego (PTSD),a takimi predyktorami jak styl radzenia sobie oraz dyspozycyjny optymizm w grupie zawodowej ratowników medycznych.

Metoda

W badaniu uczestniczyło 440 ratowników medycznych zatrudnionych w różnych jednostkach Systemu Państwowe Ratownictwo Medyczne w 5 województwach Polski. Ostatecznej analizie poddano zestawy badawcze uzyskane od 159 osób. Średnia wieku badanych wynosiła 34,14 lata (SD= 8,67), zaś średni staż pracy - 9,22 lat (SD =7,67). Większość stanowili mężczyźni (N= 139, 87,4%), co jest odzwierciedleniem proporcji płci w tej grupie zawodowej. Do oceny nasilenia objawów PTSD wykorzystano Zrewidowaną wersję Skali Wpływu Zdarzeń (IES-R). Dyspozycyjny optymizm badano Testem Orientacji Życiowej (LOT-R), a do oceny stylów radzenia sobie wykorzystano Wielowymiarowy Inwentarz do Pomiaru Radzenia Sobie ze Stresem (COPE).

Wyniki

Wyniki badań ukazały, że występowanie objawów PTSD można szacować u 28% badanych. Analiza regresji hierarchicznej ukazała, że ogólne ryzyko wystąpienia objawów PTSD powodowane jest preferowaniem stylu radzenia sobie opartego na emocjach (predyktor pozytywny). Ponadto wyniki analizy regresji z efektem interakcyjnym ukazały kolejno, że dyspozycyjny optymizm pełni rolę moderatora związku pomiędzy nasileniem wymiaru ogólnego PTSD a koncentracją na emocjach.

Wnioski

Ratownicy medyczni są bardziej narażeni na rozwój objawów PTSD, niż osoby w populacji ogólnej. Wskazuje to na potrzebę objęcia tej grupy zawodowej działaniami prewencyjnymi uwzględniającymi indywidualne preferencje w zakresie stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem oraz dyspozycyjnego optymizmu.
Risk and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized psychiatric patients. A review
Authors: Wilkowska Alina , Kujawska-Danecka Hanna , Hajduk Adam
Published: July 2018

Żylna Choroba Zakrzepowo-Zatorowa (ŻChZZ) jest częstym i niebezpiecznym powikłaniem występującym w trakcie leczenia szpitalnego o całkowitej rocznej zapadalności 70-200 na 100 000 mieszkańców. ŻCZZ może przebiegać w postaci Zakrzepicy Żył Głębokich (ZŻG) lub Zatorowości Płucnej (ZP). ZP jest przyczyną około 10% zgonów związanych z hospitalizacją i stanowi najczęstszą możliwą do uniknięcia przyczynę zgonów szpitalnych.
Pacjenci hospitalizowani psychiatrycznie są szczególnie narażeni na zwiększone ryzyko ŻChZZ w związku z ograniczeniem poruszania się, zastosowaniem unieruchomienia, katatonią, trudnościami w komunikacji oraz stosowaniem leków przeciwpsychotycznych. Jednocześnie chorzy cierpiący z powodu przewlekłych zaburzeń psychicznych, w szczególności obciążeni schizofrenią oraz nawracającymi zaburzeniami nastroju, wykazują istotnie wyższą współchorobowość somatyczną. Ta populacja chorych hospitalizowanych wymaga szczególnego podejścia w zakresie profilaktyki ŻChZZ.
Celem pracy jest przybliżenie tematyki żylnej choroby zakrzepowo-zatorowej, przedstawienie zwalidowanych narzędzi diagnostycznych oraz metod profilaktyki Żylnej Choroby Zakrzepowo-Zatorowej. W pracy zawarto przegląd dostępnych badań dotyczących ŻCZZ u pacjentów hospitalizowanych z powodu zaburzeń psychicznych.
W związku z niedostatkiem specyficznych badań w tej populacji należy odnosić się do wytycznych ogólnomedycznych w zakresie profilaktyki ŻChZZ.
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: July 2018

brak streszczenia
PHASE FORMATION IN NiTiAl10 POWDER MIXTURE DURING HEATING TO 1100 °C
Authors: Salvetr Pavel , Školáková Andrea , Novák Pavel , Vojtěch Dalibor
Published: July 2018

In this paper the comparison of NiTiAl10 wt. % with the binary NiTi46 wt. % prepared by powder metallurgy was researched. The method of combustion synthesis was carried out under following conditions: sintering temperature of 800 °C and 1100 °C and heating rate approx. 300 °C.min-1. The addition of aluminium to NiTi46 wt. % powder mixture completely changed the temperature of combustion synthesis and phase evolution during sintering. The reactions into Ni-Ti-Al powder mixture started below the melting temperature of aluminium and the new phases were formed in the material. The process of reactive sintering was studied by differential thermal analysis using the heating rate of 30 °C.min-1 and 100 °C.min-1. A combination of induction furnace and optical pyrometer. The addition of aluminium influenced microstructure significantly and increased the hardness of samples.
Managing chronic breathlessness in the community
Authors: Duncan Deborah , Ashby Abigail
Published: July 2018

Breathlessness or dyspnoea is a subjective experience that can be described as an unpleasant or uncomfortable awareness of breathing. It is a subjective experience for patients and often they learn to adapt to the limitations caused by their condition, which makes their breathlessness less apparent to others. Breathlessness can be subdivided in the context of chronic refractory breathlessness, such as acute breathlessness, which is either an episodic breathlessness or breathlessness crisis. Chronic refractory breathlessness is defined as breathlessness at rest or on minimal exertion that will persist chronically despite optimal treatment of the underlying causative factors. The role of the community nurse in managing the breathless patient should involve differentiating between different types of breathlessness and knowing how to effectively manage it in a holistic manner.
Fractures of the carpus
Authors: Woods Samantha , Perry Karen L
Published: July 2018

The carpus is a complex joint, consisting of seven bones arranged in two rows, with multiple ligamentous supports originating from, inserting on and connecting the bones. Individual fractures of the bones of the carpus are rare, and, due to the small size of some bones, repair may not be possible. For the larger carpal bones, repair is indicated where fragments are large enough and especially if the fracture is articular. Several methods of repair are suitable, although compression of the fragments using lag screws or headless, self-compressing cannulated screws is often ideal. Where the fragments are too small, removal may be advised and external coaptation is often used in conjunction. For non-repairable fractures of the articular surfaces, and other carpal injuries precluding primary repair, partial carpal arthrodesis or pancarpal arthrodesis may be considered as salvage procedures. The prognosis for recovery from carpal fractures depends on the type of injury, the bone affected, the method of repair and the desired performance of the patient.
More details emerge ahead of new inspection framework
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: July 2018

Curriculum, data, behaviour, school gradings – Ofsted chief reveals her vision for the new-look 2019 inspection framework
Food Industry Perceptions Survey Regarding the Standardization of Senior-Friendly Food
Authors: Yang Yoon Kyoung , Kim Leeseon , Kim Sowoon , Kim Jeong Seon , Kim Bum-Keun , Kim Ji Yeon
Published: July 2018

The objective of this study was to develop a standard for setting a legal system for senior-friendly food. We conducted a web-based survey on 95 food industry workers. Answers to 10 questions in the survey were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Important factors to consider when it comes to food for seniors are the supply of balanced nutrition, enhancement of functionality, and promotion of convenience. A total of 47 respondents (51.1%) felt the need for a legal system for senior food, and they thought that a certification for senior-friendly food would be advantageous for companies. They said that there should be texture standards to promote ease of chewing, standards for functionality, nutritional standards, and safety standards to certify senior-friendly foods. A total of 41 people (44.6%) said that it was reasonable to classify Japanese food into five levels of senior-friendly foods according to ease of chewing. Certification management received the highest score in implementing an activation plan for senior-friendly food.
Improving Preservation of Udong Fried-Balls by Using Broccoli Extract
Authors: Lee Young-Duck , Cho Seok-Cheol
Published: July 2018

This study investigated the effect of natural and chemical food additives on the oxidative quality and shelf life of fried-balls used in Udong. Specifically, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of hot water extracts from broccoli added to fried-balls. When treated with antioxidants, fried-balls exhibited lower acid and peroxide values than that of the control group (untreated fried-balls). In addition, the analysis of GC/MS revealed that the contents of unsaturated fatty acids in the fried balls treated with antioxidants were higher than that of the untreated fried-balls, suggesting that the antioxidants slowed the oxidation. Our results showed that broccoli extract was effective in inhibiting oxidation of fried balls used in Udong. Therefore, these antioxidants might be used as food additives to preserve fried balls and consequently extend the shelf-life.
Voice Control in Calorie Tracker Application using Levenshtein Distance Algorithm
Authors: Halim Daniel , Hansun Seng
Published: July 2018

Each food consumed by people contains a number of calories needed by the body to perform an activity. Calories can be described as fuel of engine to move and carry out tasks. Public’s indifference to the food consumed can cause some negative effects on health like, too skinny, obesity, and emergence of various diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to have an application which can provide some information about the calorie needs, so that user can control the calorie intake. This paper describes the development of an application to assist user in controlling calorie intake according to the calorie needs. This application supports voice control feature to improve user comfort in performing certain commands and inputting food consumed. In addition, this application also uses Levenshtein Distance algorithm to correct food recognition errors which is spoken by user. This application is developed using Java programming language for Android with SQLite database.
Who gets custody of the friends? Online narratives of changes in friendship networks following relationship breakdown
Authors: Aeby Gaëlle , van Hooff Jenny
Published: July 2018

This article explores online narratives of the loss or change of friendships following an intimate partner relationship breakdown. Drawing on internet forum discussions, we explore individuals’ transitions from coupled to single, and the multiple ways in which this affects their friendship ties. Forum users struggled to reconcile friends’ abandonment or distance with cultural representations of friendship as providing intense emotional support during critical life transitions. Users also reflect on the impact of their recent singlehood on friendships established and maintained while coupled, with relationship breakdown illuminating previously unacknowledged couple privilege. We argue that the loss of friendships exacerbated and became part of the break-up experience, illustrating the embedded nature of relationships (Smart, 2007). Relationship breakdown is perceived as acting as an ‘ordeal’ for friendship, revealing the depth and quality of existing ties, as users reflect on their own neglect of friendships while they were coupled.
Sovereign Credit Rating Mismatches
Authors: Afonso António , Albuquerque André
Published: July 2018

We study the factors behind ratings mismatches in sovereign credit ratings from different agencies, for the period 1980‑‑2015. Using random effects ordered and simple probit approaches, we find that structural balances and the existence of a default in the last ten years were the least significant variables. In addition, the level of net debt, budget balances, GDP per capita and the existence of a default in the last five years were found to be the most relevant variables for rating mismatches across agencies. For speculative‑‑grade ratings, a default in the last two or five years decreases the rating difference between S&P and Fitch. For the positive rating difference between S&P and Moody’s, and for investment‑‑grade ratings, an increase in external debt leads to a smaller rating gap between the two agencies.
The Business Plan in the Context of Corporate Entrepreneurship: A Literature Review
Authors: Cerdeira Sara
Published: July 2018

Planear um negócio é visto por muitos autores como um passo importante no processo empreendedor, apoiando as empresas no seu desenvolvimento. No entanto, não há unanimidade sobre a importância do plano de negócios, uma vez que do planeamento surgem tanto benefícios como custos. Este artigo pretende contribuir para este debate, analisando o plano de negócios no contexto do empreendedorismo corporativo através de uma revisão da literatura. Dado que planear o negócio requer o uso de recursos, mas ajuda a empresa a obter financiamento, a nossa análise leva à conclusão de que o plano de negócios assemelha‑‑se a um investimento: é necessário despender recursos para obter mais recursos e, portanto, a escolha da empresa em planear dependerá da sua avaliação de que o financiamento obtido ultrapassará os recursos gastos.
The WHAAM application: a tool to support the evidence-based practice in the functional behaviour assessment
Authors: Merlo Gianluca , Chiazzese Giuseppe , Sanches-Ferreira Manuela , Chifari Antonella , Seta Luciano , McGee Colin , Mirisola Alberto , Giammusso Isabella
Published: July 2018

Background

The most recent computing technologies can promote the application of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the field of applied behaviour analysis (ABA).

Objective

The study describes how the use of technology can simplify the application of EBPs in ABA.

Methods

The Web Health Application for ADHD Monitoring (WHAAM) application demonstrates this in the following two case studies. We are monitoring dysfunctional behaviours, collecting behavioural data, performing systematic direct observations, creating both visual baseline and intervention charts and evaluating the planned interventions using the TAU-U statistical index.

Results

Significant positive changes of children’s problem behaviours are observed and recorded. Both the duration of the previously identified behaviour ‘to get out of bed in time’ (r= −0.79, TAU-U = −0.58,p< 0.05) and the frequency of the behaviour ‘interrupting others’ (r= −0.96, TAU-U = −0.82,p< 0.01) decreased.

Conclusions

The WHAAM application is an effective tool to support functional behaviour assessments and it is an example of how technology can support practitioners by facilitating the application of EBPs and increasing the communication among clinical, educational and family environments.
LANÇANDO UM OLHAR RELACIONAL PARA A VULNERABILIDADE EDUCACIONAL E A EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR
Authors: Rodrigues Walace
Published: July 2018

Este escrito busca pensar sobre a educação popular freireana enquanto possibilidade para uma vida mais digna e com mais oportunidades. Neste sentido, podemos notar que há pelo Brasil afora (nas grandes metrópoles e no interior) bolsões de vulnerabilidades, entre eles a vulnerabilidade educacional. Os resultados deste texto nos mostram que há uma necessidade educação popular participativa e democrática nestas áreas vulneráveis, além de oferta educacional condizente com o número de estudantes, principalmente na educação infantil.
“BRASIL, PÁTRIA EDUCADORA”: O QUE APRENDEMOS COM ISSO?
Authors: Silva Isabela Dutra Corrêa da , Machado Roseli Belmonte , Freitas Débora Duarte
Published: July 2018

Imersa na perspectiva dos Estudos Foucaultianos em Educação, esta pesquisa problematiza os discursos proferidos pela presidenta Dilma Rousseff na ocasião da sua posse em janeiro do ano de 2011 e em janeiro do ano de 2015 quando institui como lema de seu Governo “Brasil, Pátria Educadora”. O lema do primeiro Governo Dilma, “País rico, é País sem pobreza” centrava-se numa estratégia de desenvolvimento social para eliminar a extrema pobreza até o ano de 2014. O discurso do ano de 2015 enfatiza a educação como uma estratégia de Governo que deve ser executada colaborativamente por todos os cidadãos. Ao nos debruçar sobre esses materiais, utilizando os conceito-ferramenta de governamento, governamentalidade e biopolítica, debatemos a centralidade que a educação toma no Brasil e quais os seus usos.