bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects for the Development of Renewable Energy in the Crimean Peninsula
Authors: Guryev V. V. , Kuvshinov V. V. , Yakimovich B. A.
Published: March 2020

Крымский полуостров сегодня – флагман развития возобновляемой энергетики, поскольку является не только активно развивающимся регионом, но и курортным центром. Энергетический комплекс Крымского полуострова за последние годы увеличился благодаря строительству новых электрических станций (Балаклавской ТЭС и Таврической ТЭС) суммарной мощностью 940 МВт, а также строительству новых ЛЭП 220 и 330 кВ, что обеспечило покрытие дефицита энергоснабжения полуострова. Произведен обзор регионального развития и использования возобновляемых источников энергии. На основании полученных данных проведен анализ проблем и перспектив развития возобновляемой энергетики в регионе.Развитие возобновляемых источников энергии (ВИЭ) для Крымского полуострова играет важную роль в целях достижения экологической безопасности и развития экономического потенциала региона. Обосновано приоритетное использования ВИЭ в регионе, а также решение возникающих проблем при увеличении доли ВИЭ в составе суммарной генерации. Появление избытка электроэнергии в энергосистеме и наличие возможности балансирования вырабатываемой мощности ВИЭ и тепловых электростанций ведет к снижению стоимости электроэнергии. Инвестиционная привлекательность и активный рост населения в регионе обусловливает увеличение генерирующей мощности и увеличение маневренности энергосистемы при существенном влиянии возобновляемых источников энергии. Эффективность работы ВИЭ в энергосистеме, мировой опыт управления генерацией ВИЭ, фактическое влияние ВИЭ на энергосистему в условиях дефицита электроэнергии, прогнозные графики работы солнечных электростанций (СЭС) ВЭС, предоставляемые субъектами электроэнергетики в установленном порядке, учитываются при формировании диспетчерского графика.Существующий опыт действующих СЭС в энергосистеме Республики Крым и г. Севастополя требует дополнительных исследований, в том числе путем проведения натурных испытаний генерирующего оборудования. Дальнейшие натурные испытания должны проводиться в условиях реального электроэнергетического режима работы энергосистемы, для чего требуется внедрение современных информационных технологий, обеспечивающих обмен технологической информацией и реализацию соответствующих управляющих воздействий. Ведется работа по созданию нормативной базы регулирования работы ВИЭ.
Research of ADG4XX Series Integrated Microcircuits Radiation Hardness Regarding Total Ionizing Dose Ef-fects
Authors: Ushakov P. A. , Maksimov K. O. , Dedyukhin A. A.
Published: March 2020

Современные требования к бортовой радиоэлектронной аппаратуре авиакосмического назначения в значительной степени актуализировали задачу оценки и прогнозирования уровней стойкости электронных компонентов и узлов к радиационным воздействиям. Особый интерес направлен на исследование воздействий полей ионизирующих излучений естественного и искусственного происхождений на интегральные КМОП-микросхемы (комплиментарные микросхемы на транзисторах металл – диэлектрик – полупроводник).Представлена последовательность подготовки и проведения радиационного эксперимента на аппарате «АГАТ-С» с закрытым радионуклидным источником гамма-излучения Со60, а также проанализированы результаты испытаний интегральных микросхем серии ADG4XX (компания Analog Devices) к воздействию ионизирующего излучения в части дозовых эффектов. Исследовано влияние гамма-излучения на функционирование и электрические параметры многоканальных аналоговых коммутаторов/мультиплексоров с учетом топологии кристаллов. В частности получены зависимости наиболее чувствительных параметров объектов исследования относительно фактического уровня накопленной дозы, а также проанализированы причины деградации контролируемых параметров: токов потреблений, токов утечек, пороговых логических напряжений и др.Кроме того, проведен разрушающий физический анализ образцов микросхем с целью установления наиболее чувствительных областей и локализации радиационных эффектов по топологии полупроводниковых кристаллов.Даны результаты расчетной оценки стойкости интегральных микросхем серии ADG4XX: по критериям параметрического отказа минимальный уровень стойкости к дозовым эффектам варьируется от 721 до 1057 рад, а по критериям функционального отказа – от 1088 до 7212 рад для различных микросхем. Полученные данные имеют прикладное значение в случае применения исследуемых изделий в радиационно-стойкой аппаратуре военного, космического и специального назначения.
Job crafting and turnover intention: The mediating role of work engagement and job satisfaction
Authors: Zhang Taotao , Li Bingxiang
Published: March 2020

The aims in this study were to examine the influence of job crafting, job satisfaction, and work engagement on employee turnover intention, and to investigate the role of work engagement and job satisfaction as mediators in the relationship between job crafting and employee turnover
intention. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data from 212 employees of a service company in China. The results of structural equation modeling showed that work engagement and job satisfaction partially mediated the job crafting–turnover intention relationship. These findings
extended prior research and confirmed that job crafting, job satisfaction, and work engagement were each a predictor of employee turnover intention. These findings suggest that the turnover intention of employees could be reduced through generating job-crafting behaviors, and by improving
job satisfaction and work engagement.
Pembatalan Qanun Aceh Melalui Executive Review Dan Judicial Review
Authors: Husna Asmaul , Purnama Eddy , Syahbandar Mahdi
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Qanun merupakan pengganti dari istilah peraturan daerah yang dikhususkan untuk Provinsi Aceh sebagai salah satu bentuk otonomi khusus. Di dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan, Qanun merupakan  salah satu peraturan perundang-undangan yang tata urutannya di bawah Undang-Undang. Oleh karena qanun merupakan peraturan perundang-undangan sejenis perda, maka pemerintah memiliki kewenangan untuk membatalkannya jika qanun tersebut bertentangan dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi. Pada pertengahan tahun 2016, Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Kemendagri) Republik Indonesia telah membatalkan 3.143 Perda karena dianggap menghambat pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dan memperpanjang jalur birokrasi. Selain itu, peraturan tersebut juga dianggap menghambat proses perizinan dan investasi serta menghambat kemudahan berusaha. Dari jumlah tersebut terdapat 65 qanun Aceh yang ikut dibatalkan, yang terdiri dari 6 Qanun Provinsi dan 59 Qanun Kabupaten/Kota. Mengenai kewenangan siapa yang sebenarnya berwenang menguji Perda/Qanun tidak ada sebuah kesepakatan pendapat diantara para pakar.  Abstract: Qanun is a substitute for the term regional regulation that is specific to Aceh Province as a form of special autonomy. In the hierarchy of statutory regulations, Qanun is one of the statutory regulations whose ordering is under the Law. Because the qanun is a kind of legislation, the government has the authority to cancel it if the qanun is contrary to the provisions of the higher statutory regulations. In mid-2016, the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) of the Republic of Indonesia canceled 3,143 regional regulations because they were considered to hamper regional economic growth and extend the bureaucratic path. In addition, the regulation is also seen as hampering the licensing and investment processes and hampering the ease of doing business. Of these, there were 65 Aceh qanuns that were canceled, consisting of 6 Provincial Qanun and 59 District / City Qanun. Regarding the authority of who actually has the authority to examine the Perda / Qanun there is no agreement of opinion among experts.
EKSPERIMEN SISTEM INTERLOCKING SELF-SUSTAINED PADA RECONFIGURABLE FLAT PACK FURNITURE
Authors: Noer Marwan , Sejati Mesah
Published: March 2020

Flat-Pack furniture and interlocking systems are two terms that have very close links in today's modern furniture manufacturing industry. Where the combination of these two elements can provide many solutions in the creation of a versatile furniture product which is the focus of attention at this time. The self-sustained interlocking system as one of the elements in making flat-pack furniture has an essential function and significant influence in making a flat-pack furniture product that is not only multifunctional and ergonomic but also has a major role in producing environmentally friendly products. Since the invention of CNC router machine and laser cutting technology and the development of digital engineering software, this self-sustained interlocking system is known to be complex has developed very rapidly, and has produced many reconfigurable, multi-functional flat-pack furniture products with environmentally friendly characteristics at production costs makes sense.The research aims to review modern types of interlocking joints and try to explore and explore and find new approaches in making interlocking systems that are appropriate for Reconfigurable Flat Pack Furniture applications.
IDENTITAS KOTA BANDUNG PADA BATIK KOMAR BERDASARKAN TEORI KEVIN LYNCH
Authors: Sylvia Nukke , Pradipta B Denta Mandra
Published: March 2020

Identity is a characteristic or to the repertoire of a place, which makes someone recall and wants to visit again where they are intended because it has differences with other places because it has character and uniqueness. Identity is a very important fundamental thing. This is because identity is something that is used to recognize, distinguish a place from another place Kevin Lynch, good city form (1984; 131). According to RI Minister of Home Affairs regulation No. 4 years old 1980, the City is a place that has administrative boundaries such as municipalities and administrative cities. The city also means an urban living environment that has non-agrarian characteristics, for example, the district capital, the capital of the sub-district which functions as the center of growth. One that has these characteristics is the city of Bandung, the city of Bandung is one place that has its own uniqueness and character, both in places of tourism, food, and other foods. One of the places visited by many local and foreign tourists in searching for souvenirs or souvenirs is Batik. One of the famous Batik venues in Bandung is Komar Batik, Batik Komar is one place that produces Batik with Bandung City motif. Therefore the author wants to examine the Bandung City motif made by Batik Komar with the theory of Kevin Linch so that the history of the Bandung Batik can be maintained. After producing the Bandung Batik analysis, it can be concluded that Batik Komar as a batik maker reflects the identity of Bandung City.
KOMPARASI IKON CABANG OLAH RAGA ASIAN GAMES 2018 JAKARTA-PALEMBANG DAN ASIAN PARA GAMES 2018
Authors: Andelina Ika Resmika
Published: March 2020

Along with the development of technology and the world economy, the use of icons is often found in the creative industries. Icon application can be of various uses, ranging from application icons for devices, sign systems, software, road markings, and others. According to Van Leeuwen, iconography means "writing pictures", often refers to the activity of describing and classifying images. One of the uses of icons in the industrial world can be seen at the Asian Games & Asian Para Games 2018. The icons used at these events are used to represent each sport that is contested. Although it is an icon with the same type of sport, there are different depictions on these icons. This study aims to compare and determine the differences in the 2018 Asian Games & Asian Para Games sports icons, and see which icons can better represent the sport branches they are competing against.
Chlorella, ¿un potencial biofertilizante?
Authors: Ortiz-Moreno Martha L. , Sandoval-Parra Karen X. , Solarte-Murillo Laura V.
Published: March 2020

Las microalgas son organismos fotoautótrofos con un rápido crecimiento y la habilidad de adaptarse a diversos ambientes. Convierten el dióxido de carbono en biomasa y debido a esto, se considera que tienen gran potencial biotecnológico. La biomasa algal puede usarse en la industria alimenticia y de compuestos bioactivos, en la producción de biocombustibles, en la bioremediación y biofertilización. Como biofertilizantes, las microalgas clorofitas y cianofitas, producen polisacáridos (mucílago) que pueden evitar la erosión, mejorar la estructura y el contenido de material orgánica de los suelos, y aumentar la concentración de iones en los cultivos. Reduciendo de esta forma la necesidad de fertilizantes químicos convencionales. El uso de estas microalgas como biofertilizantes se denomina algalización. Durante este proceso se usan principalmente clorofitas por su alta tasa de crecimiento, la facilidad de su cultivo a gran escala, y su adaptación a las condiciones del suelo. El género Chlorella es de gran interés porque diversos estudios han mostrado que puede ayudar en la fijación del nitrógeno, mejorar las propiedades físicas y químicas del suelo, y producir sustancias que promueven el desarrollo de la planta y el control de infecciones. Por esta razón, las microalgas del género Chlorella representan una alternativa viable para la biofertilización, generando beneficios no solo para la producción agrícola sino también para el medio ambiente.
Bone-anchored maxillary protraction in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate:
Authors: Elabbassy Eman H. , Sabet Noha E. , Hassan Islam T. , Elghoul Dina H. , Elkassaby Marwa A.
Published: March 2020

Objectives

To assess the effectiveness of bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and whether it was enhanced when preceded by maxillary expansion.

Materials and Methods

The sample consisted of 28 growing children (9–13 years old) with UCLP and Class III malocclusion. They were divided into two equal groups. In group I, patients were treated with BAMP not preceded by maxillary expansion. In group II, patients were treated with BAMP preceded by maxillary expansion. To assess treatment changes in three dimensions, Cone-beam computed tomography images were taken 1 week after surgical placement of the miniplates (T1) and after 9 months of treatment (T2).

Results

BAMP produced forward movement of the maxilla in both groups (3.17 mm) and (3.37 mm) respectively, without significant differences between the two groups except for clockwise rotation of the palatal plane in group I (1.60).

Conclusions

BAMP is an effective treatment modality for correcting midface deficiency in patients with UCLP whether or not maxillary expansion was carried out.
Global Disability Burdens of Diabetes-Related Lower-Extremity Complications in 1990 and 2016
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Lazzarini Peter A. , McPhail Steven M. , van Netten Jaap J. , Armstrong David G. , Pacella Rosana E.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

No study has reported global disability burden estimates for individual diabetes-related lower-extremity complications (DRLECs). The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study presents a robust opportunity to address this gap.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

GBD 2016 data, including prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs), for the DRLECs of diabetic neuropathy, foot ulcer, and amputation with and without prosthesis were used. The GBD estimated prevalence using data from systematic reviews and DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. YLDs were estimated as the product of prevalence estimates and disability weights for each DRLEC. We reported global and sex-, age-, region-, and country-specific estimates for each DRLEC for 1990 and 2016.

RESULTS

In 2016, an estimated 131 million people (1.8% of the global population) had DRLECs. An estimated 16.8 million YLDs (2.1% global YLDs) were caused by DRLECs, including 12.9 million (95% uncertainty interval 8.30–18.8) from neuropathy only, 2.5 million (1.7–3.6) from foot ulcers, 1.1 million (0.7–1.4) from amputation without prosthesis, and 0.4 million (0.3–0.5) from amputation with prosthesis. Age-standardized YLD rates of all DRLECs increased by between 14.6% and 31.0% from 1990 estimates. Male-to-female YLD ratios ranged from 0.96 for neuropathy only to 1.93 for foot ulcers. The 50- to 69-year-old age-group accounted for 47.8% of all YLDs from DRLECs.

CONCLUSIONS

These first-ever global estimates suggest that DRLECs are a large and growing contributor to the disability burden worldwide and disproportionately affect males and middle- to older-aged populations. These findings should facilitate policy makers worldwide to target strategies at populations disproportionately affected by DRLECs.
Diabetes, Cognitive Decline, and Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Diverse Hispanics/Latinos: Study of Latinos–Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging Results (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: González Hector M. , Tarraf Wassim , González Kevin A. , Fornage Myriam , Zeng Donglin , Gallo Linda C. , Talavera Gregory A. , Daviglus Martha L. , Lipton Richard B. , Kaplan Robert , Ramos Alberto R. , Lamar Melissa , Cai Jianwen , DeCarli Charles , Schneiderman Neil
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

Hispanics/Latinos are the largest ethnic/racial group in the U.S., have the highest prevalence of diabetes, and are at increased risk for neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, little is known about the relationship between diabetes and cognitive decline and disorders among diverse Hispanics/Latinos. The purpose of this study is to clarify these relationships in diverse middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The Study of Latinos–Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) is an ancillary study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). HCHS/SOL is a multisite (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA), probability-sampled (i.e., representative of targeted populations), and prospective cohort study. Between 2016 and 2018, SOL-INCA enrolled diverse Hispanics/Latinos aged ≥50 years (n = 6,377). Global cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were the primary outcomes.

RESULTS

Prevalent diabetes at visit 1, but not incident diabetes at visit 2, was associated with significantly steeper global cognitive decline (βGC = −0.16 [95% CI −0.25; −0.07]; P < 0.001), domain-specific cognitive decline, and higher odds of MCI (odds ratio 1.74 [95% CI 1.34; 2.26]; P < 0.001) compared with no diabetes in age- and sex-adjusted models.

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes was associated with cognitive decline and increased MCI prevalence among diverse Hispanics/Latinos, primarily among those with prevalent diabetes at visit 1. Our findings suggest that significant cognitive decline and MCI may be considered additional disease complications of diabetes among diverse middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.
Keisarimonumentit ja suhteet hallitsijaan
Authors: Viljo Eeva Maija
Published: March 2020

Arvio väitöskirjasta Sofia Aittomaa: Fyra kejserliga monument i Finland. Tillkomst, mottagande och bemötande (Åbo Akademi University), 2019.
Relationships of burnout with job attitudes and turnover intention among Koreans
Authors: Park HyungIn , Nam SukKyung , Yang Eunjoo
Published: March 2020

Two representative job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment) and turnover intention were meta-analytically examined in relation to burnout using articles published in Korean journals. In total, 11560 employees from 42 samples were included. The results showed that the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment) were negatively related with job satisfaction and affective commitment and positively related with turnover intention. Dimensions of job satisfaction (global versus overall facets), measurements of affective commitment, measurements of burnout, and job types were found as potential moderators. Taking steps to reduce burnout is recommended not only for individual health but also for organizations because it can promote job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Results also suggest that job types should be considered when dealing with burnout. This study summarized the status of the current research trend in the area and directed the future research orientation, although the exclusion of unpublished studies was a clear limitation. Overall, the results called for more empirical studies in the field.
Exploration of the structure of global mindset competency and development of global mindset index
Authors: Lee HyoMi , Kim MyoungSo , Han YoungSeok
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the present study was to (1) investigate the structure of global mindset competency, (2) develop a global mindset competency scale with index and (3) examine the validity of the scale. The list of 62 behavioral descriptions of global mindset extracted through FGI and literature review were administered to a sample of 380 incumbents of 16 companies and 372 students of 20 colleges in order to measure their level of each competency behavior. The results of 1st & 2nd exploratory factor analysis on the global mindset indicated that the competency model of global mindset consists of 2 dimensions(conceptualization, contextualization) and 7 factors(openness, strategic thinking, cosmo-convergence mind, diversity seeking, foreign understanding, self-directed adaptability, consideration), and this structure was confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. The final scale of global mindset competency was composed of 42 behavioral descriptions of global mindset. Most of the factors of global mindset competency were also shown to have criterion related validity (.07 ∼ .62) with various criteria such as experience of overseas residence, participation in the program for improving foreign language proficiency, relatives living abroad, global competency, global identity etc. Futhermore, the results of step-wise multiple regression analysis showed that 4 factors of cosmo-convergence mind, strategic thinking, diversity seeking, self-directed adaptability were significant predictors on the criterion of global identity, while foreign understanding, diversity seeking, and self-directed adaptability were the significant predictors on the global competency. The incremental validity of these 7 factors of the global mind scale on both global identity and global competency was significant, indicating the possibility of the use of the scale in the selection, training or performance appraisal process. Finally, the limitation and future direction of the present study were discussed.
The effect of subordinate motivation on performance
Authors: Kang Euijin , Chung EunKyoung , Sohn YoungWoo
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine whether subordinate attribution style on leader emotional (positive and negative) display moderates the relationship between subordinate achievement motivation/personal need for structure(PNS) and performance. 75 employees in the sales department of a pharmaceutical company participated in the survey. Results showed that subordinates using person-attribution style on leader negative emotional display performed better than those using performance-attribution style, though they had the same high level of explicit achievement motivation and PNS. That is, the moderating role of subordinate attributional style on leader negative emotional display was verified. On the contrary, subordinate attributional style on leader positive emotional display did not moderate the relationship between subordinate explicit achievement motivation/PNS and performance. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.
The influence of shared awareness of the need for change, clarity of vision, and empowerment on effective change
Authors: Lee Byungjoo , Chang JaeYoon
Published: March 2020

Organizational change does not cease at one point. Rather it is continuously going on so that the emotion which employees experience during the changing process should be treated as an important factor since it influences their consequential emotion, cognition, and behavior. This study focused on the collective characteristics of emotion. Data were collected from the employees of 47 government organizations for the contextual factors and for the positive and negative emotions at the time of one year passed from the start of intervention. The innovation performances of the organizations were measured by outside experts when the intervention was over. As a result, except just one relationship, we found that the collective positive and negative emotions partially mediate the relationships between the shared awareness of the need for change, the clarity of organizational vision, and employee empowerment and the innovation performance. It showed that the change agents should keep in mind that they have to take care of the emotional responses of employees which innovation brings in. Lastly the limitations of this study and several suggestions for the future study were discussed.
The Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Protocols for Removal of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication from Root Canal
Authors: Sanziana Scarlatescu , Irina-Maria Gheorghiu , Loredana Mitran , Mihai Mitran , Paula Perlea
Published: March 2020

Calcium hydroxide is the most used intracanalar medicament between apointments. It shoud be properly removed before root canal filling because its remnants could compromise the sealing of root obturation. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two type of irrigation solutions, EDTA and SmearClear in the removal of calcium hydroxide from root canals. Materials and method: twenty human single rooted teeth were prepared using ProTaper Universal instrumentation till F2, .06 taper. The canals were filled with Ca(OH)2 and after 7 days the Ca(OH)2 was removed using 3 rinses of 5 ml 15% EDTA and 5 ml 5.25% NaOCl alternately (group 1; n=10) or 3 rinses of 5 ml Smear Clear (SybronEndo) and 5 ml 5.25% NaOCl alternately (group 2; n=10). Results: On the final radiographs the best result was found in group 2 where the cleanliness of the total surface of the root canal wall when SmearClear was used obtained better results comparative to NaOCl – 15% EDTA (91.34% to 71.69%). Conclusions: under the limitation of this study, SmearClear was superior in removing Ca(OH)2 material compared to NaOCl and 15% EDTA irrigation solution.
A Non-Invasive Glucose Analysis Model with a Carbon Nanotube Sensor
Authors: Eracle Nicolescu Adrian , Lavinia Rusali , Monica Vasile
Published: March 2020

The development and studies related to carbon nanotubes, due to their physical properties and small sizes, are revealing new applications in the medical field. The present paper is proposing a non-invasive method of patient glycemia measurement by mean of carbon nanotubes based sensor. Due to their small sizes and elastic properties, carbon nanotubes are able to oscillate under the weight of small molecules capable of fixing on their body structure. After piezoelectric activation, the carbon nanotubes sensor based, is able to detect the variation of oscillations produced in nanotubes due to acetone molecules diffused through a selectively permeable membrane from the exhaled air, and attached to the nanotubes. The mathematical model taken into accont shows a linear dependence between the concentration of acetone in blood and glycemia, and makes the carbon nanotube sensor suitable for indirect estimation of the glycemia by noninvasive measurements made on the exhaled air sample, providing zero risk for the patient and absence of stress during the measurements.
The role of the pediatricians in dental caries prevention in Montenegro: The knowledge, attitude and practice
Authors: Golubović Ljiljana , Selimović-Dragaš Mediha , Kobašlija Sedin , Huseinbegović Amina
Published: March 2020

Background/Aim: Dental caries is the most common chronic disease affecting children worldwide today and represents a serious public health problem. Since pediatricians are the first health professionals whom children visit, they can be considered as a reliable source of information regarding the recognition of potential health problems and suggesting their solution, so they have a key role in primary health prevention. The aim of this study is to determine the position of pediatricians in the prevention of oral health of children in Montenegro through the assessment of their knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary professional preventive measures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among the 84 pediatricians employed in Montenegro Community health services. Self-addressed reply envelope survey consisted questionnaire of 60 questions divided into 5 modules, was used as an instrument for the research. Results: Response rate was 86%, while 68,3% pediatricians think that gender is a risk factor for dental caries. Fact that cavity-causing bacteria can be transmitted from the mother was confirmed by 69% of respondents. Only 45% of them practice the current guidelines on the recommendation of the first dental examination up to 12 months of life. Conclusions: It can be concluded that pediatricians in Montenegro have positive attitudes about prevention and believe they have the responsibility to prevent caries but have shown insufficient knowledge about caries and risk factors for the oral diseases.
Assessment of clinical examination validity in oral cancer risk patients
Authors: Nikolovski Bruno , Popovik-Monevska Danica , Popovska Mirjana , Radojkova-Nikolovska Vera , Minovska Ana
Published: March 2020

Background/Aim: Oral cancer is one of the ten most common cancers in the world, recently positioned as a sixth one, unfortunately with poor prognosis after treatment because of the late diagnostics in advanced stages of the disease. Aim of this study was to present the basic criteria in assessment the accuracy/efficacy, specificity and sensitivity, the positive and negative predicted values of the conventional oral examination (COE) as the easiest and most acceptable procedure in detection of the early changes of the suspicious oral tissue changes compared to the diagnostic gold standard - tissue biopsy in two different groups of examinees. Material and Methods: Sixty patients divided into two study groups (one with potentially malignant oral lesions and a second consisted of clinically suspicious oral cancer lesions) were examined with COE and subjected to histopathological confirmation - tissue biopsy. All examined patients underwent the diagnostic protocol by the American Joint Commission on Cancer, selected under certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Sensitivity of COE in the group of examinees with oral potentially malignant lesions is 83.33%, its specificity is 20.83%, the positive predictive value is 20.83% and the negative predictive value is 83.33%. The accuracy of the COE method is 33.33%. The sensitivity, in the group of patients with oral cancer is 96.43%, specificity is 0%, the positive predictive value is 93.10% and the negative predictive value is 0%. The accuracy of this method is 90%. Conclusions: The accuracy reaches a value over 90% for the group with lesions with highly suspected malignant potential - oral cancer, and sets the thesis that COE as screening method for oral cancer or premalignant tissue changes is more valuable for the patients with advanced oral epithelial changes, but is recommended to be combined with some other type of screening procedure in order to gain relevant results applicable in the everyday clinical practice.
The Total Efficiency of Teaching Activity of Polish Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Brzezicki Łukasz , Pietrzak Piotr , Cieciora Małgorzata
Published: March 2020

The aim of this article was to estimate the total efficiency of teaching activity carried out in Polish higher education institutions in 2015. The study used the EBM model belonging to the nonparametric DEA method. The output of the education process was measured by the number of graduates of the first-cycle and second-cycle studies and long-cycle studies, the number of doctoral degrees awarded, the number of postgraduate studies certificates issued, and the number of academic teachers and the total value of teaching activity revenue, the total value of state budget subsidies along with fees for educational services and fixed assets. Efficiency measurement was made for two variants: M1 and M2. The obtained research results indicate that on average, the difference between the indicators of the total efficiency of teaching activity under the two empirical models is 0.00. This is due to the fact that the share of budget subsidies and fees paid by students of part-time studies, in the revenues from teaching activity is at the level of 87%. There is also a positive but weak correlation between the total efficiency ratios and financial results obtained from teaching activities.
Obesity Factors (Physical Activity and Usual Dietary Pattern) and Breast Cancer in Korea
Authors: Kim Myeong Seong , Nam Young Hee
Published: March 2020

Introduction.
This study sought to evaluate the association between obesity factors (food consumption and physical activity) and breast cancer incidence in Korean women.

Material and methods.
The study included breast cancer patients (250 women) and normal participants undergoing medical checkups (250 women) who visited a specialized cancer research hospital between August 1, 2016 and February 15, 2017. Nutrient intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) covering 112 dishes and foods that Koreans often eat. Physical activity was assessed according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) guidelines and was quantified as metabolic equivalent (MET) scores.

Results.
The results for nutrient intake obtained using the FFQ showed that the control group had a higher consumption of dietary fiber (p < 0.004) and a lower intake of animal fat (p < 0.02) than the breast cancer group. Among breast cancer patients, pre-menopausal women consumed more animal fat (18.6 g ± 11.9 vs. 14.7 g ± 8.5, p < 0.03) than post-menopausal ones. An analysis of the MET scores with logistic regression revealed that lower physical activity among cancer patients was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and this association was greater among post-menopausal (OR = 2.11, p < 0.001) than pre-menopausal women (OR = 0.85, p < 0.02).

Conclusion.
Having a high-fat diet and doing less exercise increases the risk of breast cancer, so it is important to prevent the accumulation of fat and maintain proper weight through regular physical activity to lower the incidence of breast cancer.
Insulin resistance and testosterone level in Indonesian young adult males
Authors: Kurniawan Liong Boy , Adnan Endy , Windarwati  , Mulyono Budi
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Central obesity is characterized by the accumulation of abdominal fat which may lead to several diseases including insulin resistance. The prevalence of central obesity is higher in male and the incidence in young adult males is increased. Central obesity is also related to low testosterone levels. The research aimed to assess the relationship between the testosterone levels and insulin resistance of young adult males with central obesity.

Methods. This was a cross-sectional study, the subjects were young adult males of 18 to 25 years old. The central obesity consisted of 50 samples and non-central obesity comprised 70 samples. The examination of testosterone and insulin was performed by the ECLIA method, glucose used the enzymatic method, the insulin resistance was calculated by using the HOMA-IR index.

Results. The mean of the testosterone level in central obesity was lower than non-central obesity (5.24 + 1.17 vs 7.18 + 1.54 ng/mL, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR index in central obesity was higher than non-central obesity (4.29 + 2.23 vs 2.46 + 1.72, p < 0.001). Testosterone levels had negative correlation with HOMA-IR (r = –0.470, p < 0.001). There was significant difference in HOMA-IR among the quartiles of testosterone levels.

Conclusion. There is negative correlation between testosterone level with HOMA-IR, the lower the testosterone level the higher the insulin resistance in young adult males.
PENGARUH STRES KERJA, BEBAN KERJA, DAN KONFLIK PEKERJAAN KELUARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN SWISS BELINN HOTEL
Authors: Suartana I Putu , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Manuati
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study explains the effect of work stress, workload and work-family conflict on employee job satisfaction at Swiss Belinn Hotel Legian. This research was conducted at Swiss Belinn Hotel Legian with the research subject of employees involved directly serving consumers with 60 people as respondents. Data collection in this study uses a questionnaire. The analysis technique uses descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The results of this study show that work stress has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction of Swiss Belinn Hotel Legian employees, workload negatively and significantly influences the job satisfaction of Swiss Belinn Hotel Legian, work-family conflict has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction of Swiss employees Belinn Hotel Legian. Reducing employee job satisfaction which results in decreased employee performance. The hotel management should focus on finding solutions to increase employee job satisfaction.

Keywords: work stress, workload, work conflict, job satisfaction
PENGARUH INFLASI, RETURN ON ASSETS, DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Adikerta I Made Angga , Abundanti Nyoman
Published: March 2020

The stock price is important for the company because it reflects the value of the company. Stock prices can change because of the influence of various factors, including: inflation, Return on Assets (ROA) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). This study aims to determine the effect of inflation, ROA, and DER on stock prices. This research was conducted on companies listed in the LQ-45 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2016-2018. The number of samples used in this study amounted to 34 companies with a purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis in this study indicate that inflation has no effect on stock prices, ROA has a positive effect on stock prices, and DER has a positive effect on stock prices.

Keywords: Stock Prices, Inflation, Return on Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio.
KEPUASAN KERJA MEMEDIASI HUBUNGAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP RETENSI KARYAWAN
Authors: Kanaiya I Putu Chio , Mustanda I Ketut
Published: March 2020

Capital expenditure is component of direct expenditure on government budget that produces fixed assets. In utilizing the resulting fixed assets, in direct contact with public services or are used by the community and some are not directly utilized by the public. Capital expenditure allocation is based on regional own-source revenue, transfers from the central government in the form of general allocation funds and special allocation funds. This study aims to determine the significance of the effect of regional own-source revenue, general allocation funds and special allocation funds for local government capital expenditure in Bali. The sampling method used is saturation sampling. The data collection uses the observation method in the financial data during 2014 - 2018 with multiple linear regression. Local own revenues and special allocation funds have positive and significant impact on capital expenditure. General allocation funds have negative and significant impact on capital expenditure.

Keywords: regional own-source revenue, general allocation fund, special allocation fund,                capital expenditure.
BRAND IMAGE, PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE, DAN ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Saputra I Kadek Ary , Widagda K I Gusti Ngurah Jaya Agung
Published: March 2020

The competition for the sports shoes market in Indonesia is getting tougher, due to the large number of foreign and local producers competing to expand their market share. The importance of understanding consumer behavior has become an important concern of various industries, one of which is the futsal sport shoes industry. This study aims to explain the effect of brand image, product knowledge and electronic word of mouth on purchase intention on Specs shoe products. This research was conducted in Denpasar, using an online questionnaire, with 120 respondents. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the variable brand image, product knowledge, electronic word of mouth partially and simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. Specs shoe companies must increase brand image, product knowledge and electronic word of mouth so that consumer purchase intention increases.

Keywords: brand image, product knowledge, electronic word of mouth, purchase intention
O VALOR SOCIAL GERADO POR EMPRESAS SOCIAIS: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DE UMA META-SÍNTESE
Authors: Bezerra-de-Sousa Indira Gandhi , Morais-da-Silva Rodrigo Luiz , Takahashi Adriana Roseli Wunsch , Segatto Andréa Paula
Published: March 2020

As empresas sociais estão ganhando destaque no mercado e notoriedade no ambiente acadêmico por criarem produtos e serviços que geram valor social com foco na resolução de problemas da sociedade. No entanto, devido à contemporaneidade do tópico, ainda existem lacunas teóricas a serem abordadas. Uma delas está relacionada à forma como o valor social é gerado pelas empresas sociais. Esse ponto específico deu origem ao objetivo deste estudo que é analisar como as empresas sociais podem criar e potencializar o valor promovido à sociedade. No que se refere ao método empregado, utilizou-se a meta-síntese como estratégia de pesquisa, seguindo os passos de Hoon (2013), cujo objetivo é extrair, analisar e sintetizar evidências de estudos de casos qualitativos para construir teoria. A fim de cumprir os objetivos da pesquisa, inicialmente, foram analisados 44 artigos identificados nas bases de dados internacionais, Web of Science e Scopus, e nacionais, Spell e Scielo, sendo oito deles selecionados para comporem a análise do estudo. Os achados desta pesquisa podem ser sintetizados na proposta de cinco elementos que contribuem para a criação e a potencialização do valor social no contexto de empresas sociais, sendo eles: i) envolvimento com stakeholders; ii) mobilização de recursos; iii) cultura centrada na inovação; iv) planejamento estratégico aliado à missão social e ao valor econômico e; v) marketing – foco no beneficiário/consumidor. Assim, os resultados encontrados desvelam informações úteis sobre a relevância da criação de valor pelas empresas sociais, bem como apresentam cinco elementos que representam atitudes, comportamentos e estratégias latentes para o alcance do impacto social.
A comparison of bone mineral density in adolescent swimmers, pentathletes and figure skaters
Authors: Gümüş Ersin , Akgül Sinem , Kanbur Nuray , Derman Orhan
Published: March 2020

Physical activity accounts for up to 17% of the variance in bone mineral density (BMD). Specifically, weight bearing exercises are of critical importance in increasing BMD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of three different sports with different mechanical loading properties on BMD of young athletes. This was an observational retrospective cohort study. All available medical records of adolescent athletes who have been followed at the Division of Adolescent Medicine at Hacettepe University were reviewed. Bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD of lumbar spine (L1-L4) and left femoral region were compared between young athletes participating in swimming (n=50), pentathlon (n=18), and figure skating (n=7). Femur total and lumbar spine (L1-L4) BMC values of figure skaters (29.1±8.1 g and 51.5±19.0 g, respectively) were found to be higher than swimmers (21.5±6.6 g and 36.1±11.7 g, respectively) and pentathletes (21.6±6.2 g and 41.7±19.4 g, respectively). However, there were no significant differences between any of the groups in lumbar spine and left proximal femur measurements. Regarding BMD, figure skaters (1.1±0.2 g/cm2) had significantly higher femur total BMD values than pentathletes (0.9±0.1 g/cm2) and swimmers (0.9±0.1 g/cm2, p < 0.05). The type of sport has an impact on BMD. Weight bearing and high impact loading activities seem to be associated with a better bone density in a region specific manner. Recommendation of high impact loading exercises may be considered to improve bone health in young athletes especially participating in low impact and non-weight bearing sports.
Is antibiotic lock therapy effective for the implantable longterm catheter-related bloodstream infections in children?
Authors: Kara Tuğçe Tural , Çiftçi Ergin , Haskoloğlu Şule , İnce Elif , İleri Talia , Ünal Emel , Taçyıldız Nurdan , Aysev Ahmet Derya , Yahşi Aysun , Erat Tuğba , Özdemir Halil , İnce Erdal
Published: March 2020

Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are an important problem in pediatric patients with central venous catheters. This study aimed to determine the incidence of CRBSIs, responsible pathogens and outcomes of antibiotic lock treatment (ALT) in pediatric patients. Between January 2010 and November 2015 all hospitalized pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology patients diagnosed with CRBSIs were retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-eight CRBSI episodes were detected in 60 pediatric patients. The incidence of CRBSIs was 4.20/1000 catheter days. The most frequently detected pathogen was methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., and Escherichia coli were other commonly isolated microorganisms. ALT was administered in 42 patients. The success rate of ALT was 81% (34/42). Catheter was removed without ALT in 36 episodes. Common reasons for catheter removal were sepsis and causative microorganisms which had high probability of biofilm formation. CRBSIs are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients. ALT is safe and effective. It is possible to obtain satisfactory results when ALT is used with intravenous systemic antibiotics for CRBSIs, though in some cases catheter removal is necessary. ALT helps to prevent unnecessary catheter removal in pediatric patients.
Childhood sclerosing cholangitis associations in a Tunisian tertiary care hospital: a many-faceted disease
Authors: Tfifha Miniar , Kamoun Tarek , Mama Nadia , Mestiri Sarra , Hassayoun Saida , Zouari Noura , Jemni Hela , Abroug Saoussen
Published: March 2020

Sclerosing cholangitis (SC) is a liver disorder affecting children and adults, causing chronic cholestasis and secondary biliary cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to present different associated diseases to SC in a Tunisian tertiary care hospital. Six patients were identified with SC associated with other diseases, four males and two females. The first symptom was liver enlargement in all cases with abnormal liver biochemistry. A moderate increase in AST and ALT levels was registered in all cases with moderate cholestasis in 4 patients. Three of them presented an auto-immune condition. Two patients were diagnosed with auto-immune hepatitis prior to SC and Crohn disease in only one patient. One developed linear IgA bullous dermatosis. Three patients were diagnosed with Multisystemic Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH). The primary site of LCH was the liver associated secondary to insipidus diabetes (one case), mastoiditis (two cases) and chest localization (one case). The outcome of those patients was variable with poor prognosis especially for SC secondary to LCH. No patient underwent liver transplantation. SC is a rare disorder with variable clinical presentations. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this condition in Tunisian and North African children. Diagnosis and treatment of SC and its associations remains a challenge, especially because there is still no effective medical therapy aimed at preventing disease progression. Pediatric liver transplantation is the only life-extending therapeutic alternative for patients with end-stage liver failure. Liver transplantation has not been performed on young children in our country.