bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of hormonal regulation of the induced sexual cycle of ewes
Authors: Khristianovskiy Pavel , Aldyyarov Timur , Platonov Stanislav , Medetov Erlan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify patterns of changes in the content of progesterone, FSH, LH and free estriol under various options for inducing the reproductive cycle of ewes with hormonal drugs. Objectives: during the period of spring anaphrodisia, to stimulate sexual oestrus in ewes using a double injection of estrofan; during the same period, to stimulate sexual estrus in ewes according to the follimag-progestamag, surfagon scheme; to study the nature of changes in the content of sex hormones in the blood serum of ewes during the implementation of the specified schemes for stimulating sexual heat; to identify the pattern of dynamics of sex hormones in ewes during an induced sexual cycle. The study was conducted in the Orenburg Region in April 2022 on Romanov breed ewes. Three groups of ewes of 12 heads each were formed. The age of the sheep is 3–5 years, live weight is 30–35 kg. The experiment was carried out against the background of fortification of sheep with E-selenium. In groups I (control) and II, animals were administered E-selenium on the 1st and 11th days of the experiment, in group III – on the 1st and 8th days. Hormonal stimulants were not used in the control; in group II, sheep were administered estrofan on days 1 and 11 and surfagon on the 13th day of the experiment; in group III, follimag was used on the 1st day, progestamag and surfagon on the 8th day. To determine the hormone content, blood was taken from the jugular vein from all animals on the 1st, 8th, 11th, 13th, and 14th days of the experiment. When stimulating sexual heat in ewes during seasonal anaphrodisia, the most pronounced hormonal response was obtained using injections of follimag and progestamag with surfagon at weekly intervals. When using this regimen, the levels of free estriol and LH reached their maximum values by the 11th day from the start of stimulation, creating optimal conditions for ovulation. After stimulating sexual heat in ewes, it is advisable to begin mating or insemination on the 10th–11th day.
Temperature influence on thermoregulation and activity of sable (Martes zibellina L. 1758)
Authors: Buyanov Ivan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the dynamics of thermoregulation and activity of the sable in the process of changing environmental temperature. Objectives: assessment of the dynamics of changes in the temperature of sable fur at positive and negative air temperatures; studying the dynamics of physical thermoregulation of sable due to convection and heat radiation; the influence of low air temperatures on the activity of the sable and the body’s costs of supporting vital functions. During long-term observations of sable activity, data were collected on the length of the animals’ daily movement in the Turukhansk and Evenk Districts of the Krasnoyarsk Region under accompanying weather conditions. Data on the dynamics of sable body temperature depending on the ambient temperature were collected in the Krasnoyarsk Flora and Fauna Park “Roev Ruchey”. The temperature period of the surface layer of air is covered from –30 to 30 °C. The pyrometer Testo 830-T1 was used. These studies expand and clarify ideas about the influence of the temperature factor on aspects of sable activity at low air temperatures in natural habitats. Analysis of data on the dynamics of physical thermoregulation of sable due to convection and heat radiation revealed temperature ranges of optimum for sable. Temperature optimum – 0 °C. The range of favorable temperatures for moving sable is from –5 to –25 °C. The largest number of sable tracks was recorded at a tempe¬rature of –15 °C. The data obtained make it possible to estimate the costs of the animal’s body to support vital functions during the winter period. At an air temperature of –15 °C, a sable in a calm state loses 2.78 Kcal per hour. Under favorable conditions, the predator spends 3 to 4 hours searching for food, losing 33,400 calories at a time.
The hemostasis system evaluation in rabbits after lifetime experimental modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma
Authors: Dannikov Sergey , Antonova Irina , Kvochko Andrey
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the dynamics of the hemostasis system in rabbits after intravital experimental modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma. The object of the study was 50 male rabbits of the Gray Giant breed, from which experimental and control groups of 25 individuals each were formed. Animals of the experimental group under non-inhalation anesthesia underwent intravital modeling of a retroperitoneal hematoma using a method we developed, including taking blood from the ear artery with the addition of an anticoagulant and subsequent injection of autologous blood into the retroperitoneal space. Animals in the control group were subjected to non-inhalational anesthesia only. Intravital experimental modeling of retroperitoneal hematoma in rabbits led to a number of significant changes in the hemostatic system, which were most pronounced in the first 14 days after the experiment. The international norma-lized ratio (INR) in the experimental group of animals had significantly low values compared to the control group only on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days, and the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) – on the 1st, 3rd days , 7th and 14th days after the experiment. There were no significant differences in the level of fibrinogen in blood plasma between the animals of the experimental and control groups. Thrombin time (TT) in animals of the experimental group was significantly higher only on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days, and the D-dimer content was significantly higher in all studied periods after the experiment in comparison with the control group animals. The highest level of D-dimer in the blood plasma of animals in the experimental group was recorded on the 7th day and probably indicated that in retroperitoneal hematomas the most active processes of fibrinolysis occur at this time. Low values of INR in the first 7 days and aPTT in the first 14 days, as well as prolongation of TT in the first 14 days after the experiment, give reason to believe that with retroperitoneal hematomas, the threshold for the likelihood of thrombus formation increases during these periods.
Clinical and diagnostic manifestations of false gestation in goats
Authors: Shatsky Kirill , Dyul'ger Georgiy
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the clinical and diagnostic manifestations of false pregnancy in goats. The object of the study is replacement goats of breeding age (n = 6) and lactating goats (n = 37) of the Saanen breed, which were diagnosed with pseudopregnancy during a screening ultrasound examination for pregnancy and infertility. It has been established that anaphrodisia and hydrometra are obligatory symptoms of false gestation. Due to the accumulation of a significant amount of serous transudate in the uterine cavity, a pronounced bilateral symmetrical increase in abdominal volume was recorded in almost every third patient. Hydrometra was effectively recognized using ultrasound. During transabdominal scanning of pseudouterine goats, an accumulation of echo-negative fluid was visualized in the uterine cavity in the absence of the fetus (fetuses) and placentas. In the majority of sick goats (35 heads, or 81.4 %), the diagnosis was made on the hydrometer during the first ultrasound. Only 8, or 16.6 %, of the experimental goats required additional ultrasound to diagnose the hydrometer and differentiate it from a physiologically developing pregnancy. When analyzing the results of a study of the concentration of serum progesterone in pseudofetal goats, another characteristic feature of the pathology was revealed – moderate progesteronemia. It is interesting to note that the average progesterone values in pseudofetal goats were 3.5 times lower (P ≤ 0.01) than in clinically healthy goats with a gestation period of 50–90 days (4.50 ± 1.52 vs. 15.81 ± 1.32 ng/ml). Hematological and biochemical blood parameters in pseudopregnant goats did not have significant deviations from the norm and were comparable to those in clinically healthy goats with a physiologically developing pregnancy. Transabdominal visual echography is an informative method for diagnosing and differentially diagnosing false gestation from a physiologically developing pregnancy, which allows one-time (in 81.40 % of cases) or two-time examination of goats using the character¬ristic echo symptoms of hydrometers to make an accurate diagnosis of pseudo-pregnancy.
Obtaining tomato powder using infrared processing and drying
Authors: Bykova Svetlana , Ochirov Vadim , Altukhov Igor
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to obtain tomato powder using infrared processing and drying for use in the preparation of flour confectionery products. Objectives: analysis of the content of macro- and microelements in tomato powder obtained at different heating temperatures; determination of vitamin C content in tomato powder during storage. Infrared processing and drying of tomatoes crushed into a figure of eight shape is implemented in an oscillating mode. The content of mineral substances in tomato powder obtained from chopped tomatoes dried at heating temperatures of 50 and 60 °C by grinding in a centrifugal mill was studied. It was established that an increase in the heating temperature of tomatoes during infrared processing and drying from 50 to 60 °C leads to a loss of macro- and microelements from 21.1 to 86.5 %, and a 2-fold decrease in iron and copper. The results of the study showed that infrared-dried tomato powder contains large quantities of elements that are physiologically significant for humans and satisfy the daily requirement of an adult for magnesium, potassium, iron and manganese by 48.85, respectively; 28.84; 22.86 and 27.5 %. The degree of preservation of vitamin C in tomato powder during storage under optimal storage conditions was studied. It was revealed that in hermetically packaged infrared-dried tomato powder during nine months of storage there are no significant changes in organoleptic quality indicators, only a decrease in vitamin C content by 18–19 % from the initial state is observed. This circumstance suggests that removing moisture from tomatoes to moisture content below 12 % to obtain tomato powder makes it possible to preserve hermetically sealed products with a high content of useful substances under normal conditions for a long time.
FERTILE SOIL LAYER USE FOR RECLAMATION
Authors: Osintseva Maria , Burova Nadezhda
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study ways to use fertile soil layer for reclamation. Objectives: to study the requirements for the reclamation of lands disturbed during underground mining; to study ways to store fertile soil layer; to study methods of applying topsoil and potentially fertile rocks. The objects of this study were scientific publications and patents of Russian and foreign authors concerning the negative impact of the coal mining industry and ways to minimize this impact. Land reclamation includes preparatory, technical and biological stages. The preparatory stage includes surveying the territories and determining directions for reclamation. The technical stage includes the process of removing the fertile layer and forming a reclamation layer. The biological stage includes sowing herbs and planting trees and shrubs. The fertile layer of soil can be stored in piles for 20 years. Areas unsuitable for agriculture or unproductive land should be allocated for the piles, where flooding, salinization and pollution by industrial waste, solid objects, stone, crushed stone, pebbles, and construction waste are excluded. The application of a fertile or potentially fertile soil layer involves the use of hydraulic transport or other transportation methods with attachments that ensure the application of a soil layer of a given thickness without leveling work. The thickness of the applied fertile layer is differentiated depending on the degree of soil erosion. In order to return disturbed lands for use in various sectors of the national economy and eliminate their impact on the environment, it is necessary to carry out reclamation work by developing projects for reclamation work as part of land dumps for mining enterprises.
Studying the vitamin-synthesis and antioxidant activity of the microbial consortium
Authors: Zandanova Tuyana
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the dynamics of ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity during the fermentation of cow's milk by a microbial consortium. A study of the dynamics of ascorbic acid was carried out during the fermentation of milk by a microbial consortium and antioxidant activity during the ripening of the resulting product. The original combined starter (kefir starter + L. acidophilus + L. bulgaricus + L. helveticus in the ratio 1: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5, respectively) was used as control samples. To determine the vitamin C content, a titrimetric method was used, based on the interaction of ascorbic acid with sodium
2,6-dichlorophenolindophenolate. The antioxidant activity of the samples was assessed by the amperometric method using a Tsvet Yaruza-01-AA liquid chromatograph. Skim cow's milk was pre-pasteurized at 86 ± 2 °C for 10 min and cooled to a fermentation temperature of 30 ± 2 °C. 5 % starter was added to the prepared milk. In milk fermented by a microbial consortium, the accumulation of ascorbic acid continued during 24 hours of cultivation. In control samples, vitamin synthesizing activity decreased after 8 hours of cultivation. The study of antioxidant activity was carried out at a temperature of 30 ± 2 °C for 3 days of ripening. In the sample with the microbial consortium, an increase in antioxidant activity was observed within 72 hours against the background of its decrease in the control samples (kefir starter and combined initial starter). The pronounced antioxidant activity is probably due to the fact that the method of obtaining a microbial consortium develops mechanisms for maintaining a balance between the production of antioxidants and the development of oxidative processes that are independent of changes in cultivation temperature.
Study of the critical ambient temperatures impact on sweetened condensed milk
Authors: Turovskaya Svetlana , Kruchinin Alexandr , Illarionova Elena , Bolshakova Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the impact of critical high-positive and low-negative environmental temperatures on the thermodynamic parameters of sweetened condensed milk (SCM), packaged in cans placed in transport containers. Objectives: determination of the values of average volumetric temperatures of SCM depending on the type of thermal effect; establishing the influence of the location of the product in the transport package on the average heating/cooling rate of the food system; identification of moisture crystallization criteria values. The object of the study is SCM, packed in tin cans, which were placed in transport packaging. The average volume temperature was measured thermographically using a logger. 4 cycles of thermal exposure were used, °C: [+5↑+50↓+5], [+5↑+50↓–50↑+5], [+5↓–50↑+5], [+5↓– 50↑+50↓+5]. For the range of 100 °C, an almost 2-fold increase in the average speed
(1.6–2.6 °C/h) was established when heating [–50↑+50] relative to the average speed (0.8–1.3 °C/h) during cooling [+50↓–50], which is determined by the state of each component of the condensed milk-sugar system at a specific temperature point. At [+5↑+50↓+5] or [+5↓–50↑+5] for the central cans of the middle row, the duration of exposure was shorter (58 h 28 min 48 s and 115 h 19 min 12 s) than for the cans from the top row (78 hours 25 minutes 00 seconds and 124 hours 06 minutes 24 seconds). At [+5↑+50↓–50↑+5], the longest process duration was observed in the middle row consumer packaging. For the same tin, the shortest duration was revealed when exposed to temperatures in the opposite order. In the heating-freezing cycle, a decrease in the temperature of nucleation and phase transition was noted for the central and peripheral positions in consumer packaging and a decrease in the indicated thermodynamic characteristics in consumer packaging within the group for the top row, but an increase – for the middle. In the freeze-heat cycle in consumer packaging within a group package, a classical model of freezing was observed with a decrease in the temperature of nucleation and phase transition.
Ensuring carcinogenic safety of smoked fish products
Authors: kim Eduard , Zayats Evgeniy , Timchuk Egor , Glebova Elena , Lapteva Eugenia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for rational smoke generation parameters that ensure the quality and environmental safety of smoked fish products. Objectives: to establish the influence of smoke generation parameters on the assessment of the carcinogenicity of smoked products; to evaluate the quality and safety of smoked products produced under optimal smoke generation parameters; to develop recommendations to ensure the quality and safety of smoked fish products. Research was carried out at the department of Management of Technical Systems at the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Dalrybvtuz (Vladivostok, Primorsky Region). The object of the study is the process of smoke generation. Analytical, physical and chemical methods, and mathematical modeling methods were used. To prepare smoke-drying smoke samples, 10 kg of alder sawdust with a moisture content of 30–35 % was prepared. Hot smoked smelt samples were obtained under optimal smoke generation conditions. The overall organoleptic index was 5. The content of individual polyaromatic hydrocarbons was: chrysene – 71 ng/kg; benz(a)anthracene – 70 ng/kg; benz(b)fluoranthene – 602 ng/kg; benz(a)pyrene – 64 ng/kg; benz(e)pyrene – 667 ng/kg; dibenz(a,c)anthracene – 57 ng/kg; dibenz(a,h)anthracene – 69 ng/kg, which corresponds to a generalized quality index of 0.99 (very good). During the study, the influence of smoke generation parameters on the assessment of the carcinogenicity of smoked fish products was established, and the dependence of the content of individual polyaromatic hydrocarbons on the excess air coefficient in the smoke generation zone was confirmed. Optimal smoke generation modes: smoke generation temperature 475 °C, excess air coefficient – 0.4. Rational smoke generation parameters: smoke generation temperature 450–500 °C, excess air coefficient – 0.3–0.6.
Method for producing antler grain bread
Authors: Nevzorov Viktor , Koh Zhanna , Matskevich Igor' , Kokh Denis , Teplyashin Vasily
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop a new method for producing antler grain bread with increased nutritional value. Materials from patent studies of existing technologies and recipes for the production of grain bread using Russian and foreign information databases are presented. Antler grain bread production was developed based on these results, which increased its nutritional value. The copyright for the product is protected by RF patent № 2766692 “Method for producing antler grain bread". The scientific and technical problem of the invention to be solved is the development of a new technology for the production of antler grain bread, which includes the use of known methods for the production of grain bread using a solution of table salt, a suspension of pressed yeast and grain grinding; when solving the technical problem, wheat grain is additionally introduced into the component composition of the recipe bioactivated in a 1.5 % aqueous-alcoholic extract from reindeer antlers to shoots no more than 2.0 mm. The control and experimental samples of bread were prepared using the straight method using commercially produced technological equipment. Experimental studies of test samples of antler grain bread based on organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators showed that the developed antler grain bread meets the requirements of GOST 32677-2014 “Bakery Products. Terms and Definitions" and has the correct shape, the surface of the bread is slightly rough, the crumb has a developed structure, baked throughout the entire volume. The taste and smell of bread is characteristic of bread made from bioactivated wheat grain without any foreign taste or smell. The bread moisture content of all samples was 47.0 %, acidity – 4.5 %, porosity – from 55.0 to 56 %, specific volume – from 196.0 to 197.2 cm3/100 g.
INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SWEET PEPPER WITH FOLIAR FERTILIZATION WITH MICRO-FERTILIZATION KALBIT C
Authors: Bayrambekov Shamil , Nechaeva Svetlana
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the effect of microfertilizer Kalbit C on the formation of the productivity of sweet pepper variety Podarok Moldovy and to establish the optimal dose of the agrochemical for foliar feeding in the irrigated conditions of the Volga delta. The object of research is the liquid innovative calcium chelate complex Kalbit C – a microfertilizer based on calcium in combination with ammonium lingosulfanate (LSA) containing calcium in a form that is easily accessible for consumption by plants. The choice of agrochemical was based on the importance of calcium in providing pepper plants during the frui¬ting phase. Data are presented on the study of the influence of microfertilizer Kalbit C on the growth and development of sweet pepper plants, the formation of the structure and size of the crop, the biochemical composition of fruits when grown in the Volga delta under drip irrigation. The main biometric indicators of sweet pepper plants with three times foliar feeding were determined and significant differences in plant height, increase in the number of leaves and leaf surface were noted. In the variants with fertilizing, the height of the plants exceeded the control by 7.3–15.8 %; by the number of leaves – by 17.3–22.6; by leaf area – by 16.6–25.3 %. The most optimal was the use of microfertilizer Kalbit C by three times foliar fee¬ding with a consumption of 1050 ml/ha, which increased the yield by 23.2 %; average fetal weight – by 11.2; the number of fruits set – by 10.2 %. Based on the results of the biochemical composition, it was revealed that the fruits of the sweet pepper variety Podarok Moldovy accumulated dry matter on average 8.08–8.24 %, total sugars – 5.48–5.79 %, ascorbic acid – 35.9–39.2 mg%, nitrates – 74.7–83.8 mg/kg (MPC – 200 mg/kg).
Change in grain size of promising lines and varieties of spring soft wheat
Authors: Taranova Tatyana , Demina Elena , Romenskaya Svetlana , Kincharov Alexander
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the varietal variability of the grain size trait of spring soft wheat and to identify new promising lines of wheat with stable 1000 grain weight indicators. The studies were carried out in 2018–2022 on the basis of the Volga NIISS – a branch of the SamSRC RAS. The location of the field research is the forest-steppe conditions of the Samara Region. The object of research is 4 zoned varieties and 13 new promising lines of spring soft wheat of the competitive variety testing (CVT) of the Volga NIISS. The growing seasons of plants for the 2018–2022 studies took place in arid and at times severely arid conditions. The weight of 1000 grains of spring soft wheat varied on average over the years from 31.4 to 38.5 g. In 2019 and 2022 larger grains were formed compared to other years studied. Weather conditions 2019 and 2022 had a positive effect on grain filling and, accordingly, on the weight of 1000 grains. The largest grains were distinguished by: variety Kinelskaya 59 – 38.5 g; line Erythrospermum 4144 – 36.2; Erythrospermum 6517/24-1 – 36.0 g. The highest homeostaticity and the lowest intravarietal variability were observed in the Erythrospermum 6635/3 line (104.1 and 2.89 %, respectively); this line was less sensitive to changes in soil and climatic conditions. Also, high homeostaticity and low intravarietal variabi¬lity in terms of “weight of 1000 seeds” were observed in the following varieties: Kinelskaya Niva, Kinelskaya 2010, Kinelskaya Yubileinyaya and line Erythrospermum 4144. Selected samples based on the trait “weight of 1000 grains” are recommended for inclusion in breeding crossbreeding programs.
Efficacy of pyroxasulfone in soybean crops
Authors: Golubev Artem
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the effect of the herbicide Karitori, WSG (850 g/kg), based on the new active ingredient pyroxasulfone, on the weed component in soybean crops in the conditions of the Russian Federation. Objectives: to evaluate the biological effectiveness of the herbicide Karitori, WSG, against a complex of weeds; to assess the safety of using the drug for soybean plants; to carry out crop harvest accounting. The experiments were carried out during two growing seasons, 2018 and 2019. In the Altai Region, experiments were carried out on soybean crops of the Altom variety, in the Astrakhan Region – on soybean crops of the Vilana variety, in the Krasnodar Region - on soybean crops of the Bara variety (in 2018) and Arleta variety (in 2019). Spraying the soil with herbicide was carried out before crop germination. The assessment of weediness was carried out using the quantitative-weight method in accordance with the “Guidelines for registration testing of herbicides in agriculture”. The greatest reduction in the overall infestation of soybean crops was noted in the Altai Region under conditions of severe infestation by common barnyard grass. Application 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 kg/ha of the drug in this region provided an efficiency of 76.3; 88.7 and 92.3 % respectively. The reduction in overall weed infestation in other regions was smaller – the use of 0.3 kg/ha of the drug provided an efficiency of 66.4–67.4 %. In all regions, the effectiveness of the minimum application rate of the herbicide Karitori, WSG (0.1 kg/ha), exceeded the efficiency of 0.1 kg/ha of the standard Pledge, WP. The noted trend was supported by data on the mass of cereal weeds. The treatments had a positive effect on the amount of soybean yield obtained in the experiments. In all experiments conducted (except for the 2018 experiment in the Astrakhan region), the increase in crop yield due to reduced competition from weeds after the application of herbicides was significant. The most significant increases (from 8.2 to 10.1 c/ha) were obtained in 2019 in an experiment on soybean crops of the Arleta variety in the conditions of the KrasnodarRegion.
Comparative biochemical composition of garden strawberry fruits of the Asia variety under natural and artificial lighting
Authors: Zakharov Vyacheslav , Gulidova Valentina , Dyatlova Marina , Mamontova Yulia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the effect of artificial ultraviolet lighting on the content of biolo-gically active substances in strawberry fruits using the example of the Asia variety, which is widely used in production. The study was conducted in 2019–2021 in the Lipetsk Region. Transplantation of strawberries under conditions of a growing season was carried out by already rooted adult bushes with a clod of earth. The water-air regime of the soil under artificial lighting conditions was similar to open ground. Under artificial lighting, garden strawberry plants of the Asia variety bloomed 10 days later, had a smaller fruit weight, and had a lower content of organic acids and dry soluble substances than under the sun. Plants accumulated the same amount of water-soluble pectin substances regardless of the nature of the lighting. The content of yellow coloring substances from the vitamin P group – flavonols, as well as binders from the same group – catechins in strawberry fruits did not depend on the nature of the lighting. Strawberry plants under ultraviolet light accumulated the same amount of ascorbic acid as under sunlight. Compared to sunlight under artificial ultraviolet, strawberry fruits contained the least amount of pigments, including carotenoids and β-carotene. A significantly higher level of pectin substances, anthocyanins, tannins and coloring substances, including tannin, in strawberries under sunlight was established in comparison with artificial ultraviolet. Regardless of the nature of lighting, strawberry plants had the same water content and pH of the fruits and accumulated the same amount of ascorbic acid, flavonols, catechins and water-soluble pectin substances.
Vegetation period of spring soft wheat varieties of different ripeness groups in agricultural zones of the Krasnoyarsk Region
Authors: Nikitina Vera , Kolichenko Alexandr
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of cultivation point and meteorological factors on the duration of the growing season of spring wheat varieties of different ripeness groups. We used data from the State Variety Commission of the Krasnoyarsk Region on the yield and duration of the growing season of spring soft wheat varieties for 1999–2020. Statistical data processing was performed for varieties of four ripeness groups: early ripening, mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late, undergoing variety testing in 6 natural zones of the Krasnoyarsk Region at 10 state variety plots: Zone III (lowland subtaiga, Kazachinsky state cultivating plot), IV (foothill subtaiga, Dzerzhinsky, Sayansky) , V (Kansk-Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe, Sukhobuzimsky, Uyarsky), VI (forest-steppe of the Chulym District, Nazarovsky, Uzhursky), VII (southern forest-steppe, Karatuzsky), VIII (foothill steppe on ordinary and southern chernozems, Krasnoturansky, Minusinsky). A significant range of variability in the studied period between variety plots was revealed for mid-ripening varieties (22 days), early-ripening (20 days), mid-early (17 days), mid-ripening varieties (12 days). A shorter growing season for all ripeness groups is shown by varieties in the Kazachinsky variety plot, a longer one – in the Sayansky and Uyarsky variety plots. A significant amplitude of variability in the duration of the growing season for all ripeness groups is observed in the Nazarovsky, Karatuzsky, and in mid-ripening and mid-late varieties – Uyarsky, Uzhursky, Minusinsky variety plots. The phenotypic varia-bility of the period under study is determined primarily by the contribution of the factor “varietal plots” (34.0–48.1 %) and the interaction “years × varietal plots” (36.0–53.2 %). The variety plots are located in different natural and climatic zones of the region and have their own characteristics according to the complex of natural conditions, which is shown by different correlations between the duration of the growing season and meteorological factors. They differ in variety areas, which represent the natural zones of the region. It has been proven that to form the duration of the growing season of mid-late varieties at the Dzerzhinsky, Sayansky, Uyarsky and Nazarovsky variety plots, average daily air temperatures are more ne¬cessary; Sayansky, Dzerzhinsky, Sukhobuzimsky – precipitation; Sayan, Dzerzhinsky, Sukhobuzimsky, Uyarsky, Nazarovsky, Uzhursky variety plots – relative air humidity than for varieties of other ripeness groups. Reliable correlations between average daily air temperature, precipitation and relative air humidity with the duration of the growing season were obtained for all ripeness groups at the Karatuz and Krasnoturan variety plots.
Analysis of the bois noir and flavescence dorée phytoplasmas distribution in vineyards of the Krasnodar Region
Authors: Makarkina Marina , Ilnitskaya Elena , Kozhevnikov Evgeny , Kozina Tatyana
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study the spread of phytoplasma infection in the vineyards of the Krasnodar Region using the PCR method. The object of the study is grape plants of various varieties with external symptoms of phytoplasma infection. The material for total DNA extraction was symptomatic leaves (their veins and petioles) collected from plantings of Shiraz, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi, Mizar, Moldova, Augustine, Pinot Blanc, Riesling, and Aligote varieties. DNA extraction was carried out using a buffer based on the cationic detergent CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), according to the protocol recommended by EPPO (European plant protection organization) for the isolation of phytoplasmas from grape plant material. Sampling was carried out in industrial vineyards of the Krasnodar Region in 9 different geographical locations of the Novorossiysk, Temryuk and Anapa Regions. DNA was isolated from symptomatic leaves according to the protocol recommended by EPPO (European plant protection organization). Determination of the presence of phytoplasma infection was carried out by real-time PCR on a Quant Studio 5 amplifier using a commercial kit designed to detect phytoplasmas – Candidatus Phytoplasma solani and Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis (Synthol) and a test system recommended by EPPO. Using a kit produced by Synthol, 239 samples were analyzed, including 12 rechecked with markers recommended by EPPO. As a result of the analysis, it was found that DNA of Candidatus Phytoplasma solani was present in 113 samples studied. DNA from the phytoplasma Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis, which causes golden yellowing of leaves, was not detected in any of the analyzed samples.
PERSONNEL ASSESSMENT TOOLS AT THE RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION STAGE USING THE EXAMPLE OF JSC VKUSVILL
Authors: Safronova Anastasia , Kurenkov Petr , Volov Vyacheslav , Kakhrimanova Diana
Published: May 2024

The purpose of research is to study methods of recruitment and selection of personnel; to analyze staff turnover; to evaluate the effectiveness of methods for selecting sales personnel at JSC Vkusvill. Objectives of the study: to determine the main tasks in the selection of sales personnel; to explore an automated personnel search system; to consider methods for assessing candidates; to assess the competencies of applicants using the case study method; to estimate the costs and profits of recruiting and selecting sales personnel at JSC VkusVill. The article discusses methods of personnel assessment at the selection stage, identifies the main tasks of selecting sales personnel, and examines the advantages and disadvantages of the ATS Potok information system. It is noted that one of the most important problems at JSC VkusVill is staff turnover. The model for selecting candidates for the personnel reserve of JSC VkusVill has been studied and it has been determined that the most rational way to evaluate a candidate at the interview stage is the case interview method. The stages of developing a case for assessing sales personnel and a methodology for compiling cases for a situational interview at the stage of admission to JSC VkusVill are proposed. An assessment of the effectiveness of methods for selecting sales personnel at JSC VkusVill was carried out. According to the authors, the effect of the proposed measures is that JSC VkusVill needs to introduce a more diverse system of methods for assessing sales personnel at the selection stage, for example, introduce the case interview method, which will allow assessing not only the presence and severity of the skills demonstrated by the candidate, but will also provide an opportunity to measure his personal qualities. To select candidates for the personnel reserve of the company JSC VkusVill, a questionnaire method was used, comparative analysis was used to study the advantages and disadvantages of case interviews, and the costs of searching, selecting and hiring personnel were assessed using methods of economic analysis.
ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE VOLGA-CASPIAN BASIN FISHING INDUSTRY AS A FACTOR OF ATTRACTING LABOR MIGRANTS IN THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH
Authors: Vinogradov Sergei , Eshchenko Yulia
Published: May 2024

The creation of a free labor market in the post-reform period contributed to the intensification of entrepreneurial activity and the growth of industrial enterprises in all sectors of the economy of the Russian Empire. The development of rich natural resources in the outlying and sparsely populated regions of the country was impossible without a significant number of free labor. In the Volga-Caspian fishing Region, the development of entrepreneurial activity in the post-reform period coincides with the increase in the number of labor migrants who came here for seasonal work and moved to permanent residence. The territorial scope of the study is the Volga-Caspian fishing Region, most of which was administratively part of the Astrakhan Province. The purpose of the study is to analyze entrepreneurial activity in the fishing industry of the Volga-Caspian Region as a factor for attracting labor migrants to the region in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Achieving the goal includes solving its constituent tasks: to characterize the demographic dynamics in the Astrakhan Province in the post-reform period; to analyze the state package of measures to stimulate small business and its effectiveness; show the development of large capital in the Volga-Caspian fishing Region; to identify the main types of migration flows to the Volga-Caspian fishing Region. The methodological apparatus of the study is represented by the theory of modernization, as well as a complex of special historical and general scientific methods. The paper, based on statistical data and office documentation, shows that the development of entrepreneurial activity in the fishing industry contributed to the growth in the number of migrants from other regions of the country; the contribution of labor migrants to the work of fisheries and the processes of colonization of the outlying region is characterized; shows the difficulties faced by the fishing population in the post-reform period, and the effectiveness of government measures to support it.
'THE RADICAL CHANGES' ESSAY IN THE TSARIST GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL POLICY AND THE ATTEMPT TO CREATE A CENTRAL BANK IN RUSSIA DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Authors: Voronov Ivan , Panteleev Vladimir
Published: May 2024

The paper, in the context of the Stolypin agrarian reform, examines the issue of appointing P.L. Bark Minister of Finance. The most important reason for the influential statesman, president of land management and agriculture A.V. Krivoshein, who was directly responsible for the implementation of agrarian policy, to promote P.L. Bark in every possible way was his desire to expand lending to the agricultural sector of the economy. At the same time, it is seen that the relationship between these state dignitaries could have hidden personal selfish motives. It is shown that the leaders of the world banking community of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, represented primarily by the Rothschild clan, paid commissions to representatives of the tsarist government when issuing loans to Russia. The authors do not exclude that similar practices took place during the First World War. The country's debt dependence on world bankers increased significantly, thanks to the “radical changes” of financial policy undertaken by P.L. Bark as Minister of Finance and supported by Nicholas II. Prohibition, which was implemented by P.L. Bark became one of the reasons for the emergence and significant increase in the state budget deficit. At the beginning of the 20th century Russia was the only one of the most developed countries in the world where there was no full-fledged Central Bank, as a formally national institution, but actually acting as a “bank of banks”, a conductor of the interests of bankers in monetary policy. This was one of the reasons for the emergence of the P.L. Bark’s project to transform the State Bank into the Central Bank. The revolution of 1917 prevented the implementation of this plan and the inclusion of Russia in the system of central banks of the world.
Xiazhui: The Real Person Slash Novel That Triggers The Blockage of AO3 in China
Authors: Wang Aiqing
Published: May 2024

Owing to its dual correlation with homosexuality and eroticism, danmei (Boys Love) in China is subject to state censorship, so in a hit online serial The Untamed adapted from a popular danmei novel, the male-male relationship between protagonists has been expurgated. Obsessed with the romance in the original narrative yet dissatisfied with the officially sanctioned adaptation, fangirls create fanfiction, including real person slash (RPS) based on the leading actor Xiao Zhan and his co-star from the The Untamed. Xiao’s fans reported a piece of RPS titled Xiazhui and Archaic of Our Own (AO3) that hosted it, causing AO3 to be blocked in China on 29th February 2020. Since Xiazhui features real celebrities, it concerns moral debates. Furthermore, Xiazhui pertains to Xiao’s fanbase whose acts are interconnected with toxic fandom and the so-called ‘heresy-style star worship’. More significantly, the contentious aspect of Xiazhui also lies in its homoerotic depictions that are regarded as indecent in a contemporary Chinese context.
Identificación de actividades económicas en restructuración. Un estudio de trayectorias económicas en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara de 1998 al 2018
Authors: Luna Plascencia Noé René
Published: May 2024

En este trabajo se analizaron las ramas económicas relacionadas con el diseño, bajo el supuesto de que el diseño puede ayudar a la competitividad de los productos, esto se hace por los hechos  derivados de las crisis económicas que surgieron en el 2004 y en el 2008, y que apenas en el 2016 se pudo observar una recuperación a nivel agregado de la economía estatal. Con el objetivo de resaltar  el dinamismo industrial, los hallazgos/resultados destacan que algunas ramas relacionadas con las industrias tradicionales y de tecnología presentan una reestructuración económica hacia la expansión, mientras que otras están sufriendo un retroceso, esto bajo el escenario de los efectos causados por la aperturas económica y los nuevos acuerdos con China, que dieron como resultado una confrontación competitiva entre los productos chinos y los productos de México y aunado a esto solo  sobrevivirán aquellas industrias que logren ser más flexibles al cambio y logren reestructurar su empresas.
PRACTICE OF FORMING A SYSTEM OF MOTIVATION OF STAFF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Golovin Ruslan B. ,   Institute of Public Service and Management, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the factors of formation and development of the system of motivation for the professional activity of personnel, considers the features of the institutional development of the system of motivation for the professional activity of personnel of the Center for Public Services “My Documents” in the Cheryomushki district of Moscow. An analysis of the practice of the system for managing the motivation of professional activity of personnel of the Center for Public Services “My Documents” in the Cheryomushki district of Moscow, and the factors of its deprofessionalization are presented. A set of measures has been determined to level out key problems in the formation and development of a system of motivation for the professional activities of personnel of the Center for Public Services “My Documents” in the Cheryomushki district of Moscow.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT OF THE BANK
Authors:   GGNTU named after academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Magamadova Tabarik S. , Yanova Olga Yu. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Bataeva Patimat S. ,   Institute of Economics and Finance, Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov
Published: May 2024

With the development of information technologies, financial innovations largely depend on financial technologies, and banking and financial technologies are also closely linked. Outsourcing of information technology has gradually become inevitable for the application and development of banking IT. Due to the advantages of outsourcing banking services in strategic planning, cost control, risk transfer and increasing core competitiveness, the volume and scale of its outsourcing services has reached unprecedented development. This article analyzes in detail the characteristics of IT outsourcing banking services and puts forward a number of proposals to banks on the implementation of IT outsourcing services.
AUTOMATION EFFICIENCY IN REDUCING PRODUCTION COSTS
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Kazan, Russian Federation, Markova Svetlana V. , Potapov Andrey A. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Vorobyov Pavel A. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

The article examines the essence and history of automation in production, focused on reducing the role of man in technological processes through the use of special devices and mechanisms. The main goals of automation are discussed from the point of view of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of the enterprise.
INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY INTO SMALL BUSINESS
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Potapov Andrey A. , Shipshova Olga A ,   Kazan Cooperative Institute (branch) of the Russian University of Cooperation, Kazan, Russian Federation, Satlykov Shamil M. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

This study examines the impact of digital technologies on the business processes of medium and small companies. The main areas in which digital solutions can bring significant benefits have been identified, such as customer relationship management, automation of procurement and sales processes, and data analysis. The study also highlights the importance of selecting appropriate tools and integrating them with the company’s existing systems.
ECONOMIC TRENDS IN ELECTRONICS DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Semennikov Anton V. , Baturin Valery A. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation, Berdin Demid S. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

This article provides an overview of the strategic goals and objectives established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade (Minpromtorg) of Russia for the development of the domestic radio-electronic industry. The main directions of the strategy are described, such as increasing the share of domestic radio electronics in the domestic and world markets, expanding production capacity and stimulating exports. Factors limiting the development of the industry and proposed measures to overcome them are discussed.