bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining multi-marker metabarcoding and digital holography to describe eukaryotic plankton across the Newfoundland Shelf
Authors: MacNeil Liam , Desai Dhwani K. , Costa Maycira , LaRoche Julie
Published: July 2022

The planktonic diversity throughout the oceans is vital to ecosystem functioning and linked to environmental change. Plankton monitoring tools have advanced considerably with high-throughput in-situ digital cameras and genomic sequencing, opening new challenges for high-frequency observations of community composition, structure, and species discovery. Here, we combine multi-marker metabarcoding based on nuclear 18S (V4) and plastidial 16S (V4–V5) rRNA gene amplicons with a digital in-line holographic microscope to provide a synoptic diversity survey of eukaryotic plankton along the Newfoundland Shelf (Canada) during the winter transition phase of the North Atlantic bloom phenomenon. Metabarcoding revealed a rich eukaryotic diversity unidentifiable in the imaging samples, confirming the presence of ecologically important saprophytic protists which were unclassifiable in matching images, and detecting important groups unobserved or taxonomically unresolved during similar sequencing campaigns in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. In turn, imaging analysis provided quantitative observations of widely prevalent plankton from every trophic level. Despite contrasting plankton compositions portrayed by each sampling method, both capture broad spatial differences between the northern and southern sectors of the Newfoundland Shelf and suggest complementary estimations of important features in eukaryotic assemblages. Future tasks will involve standardizing digital imaging and metabarcoding for wider use and consistent, comparable ocean observations.
Valorization of avocado seeds with antioxidant capacity using pressurized hot water extraction
Authors: Ong Eng Shi , Low Janelle , Tan Joseph Choon Wee , Foo Su Yi , Leo Chen Huei
Published: July 2022

The pulp of avocado (Persea Americana) is widely consumed as the primary food source, while the seed is often discarded as food waste. Increased consumption of avocado would inevitably results in production of waste by-products such as avocado seeds, hence the ability to extract phytochemicals from such waste, and upcycling to potential nutraceutical products is of great interest. The overall aim of this study is to explore avocado seeds as potential functional food through the combined use of a green extraction method, chemical standardization and pattern recognition tools, and biological characterization assays. Specifically, this study utilized an organic solvent-free extraction method, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) to extract phytochemicals from avocado seeds and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) was used to identify the phytochemicals present in the avocado seeds. Our results demonstrated that avocado seed extracts have antioxidant activity and inhibited oxidative stress-induced metabolomics changes in endothelial cells, suggesting that avocado seed extracts have vasoprotective actions.
Validation and advantages of using novel RT-qPCR melting curve analysis assays for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Juul Sebastian , Spiegelhauer Malene Roed , Petersen Mette Neve , Flugt Katharina Kirkegaard , Hansen Nikolaj Vestergaard , Larsen Helene , Jensen Per Bo , Christensen Ulf Bech , Petersen Rasmus Koefoed , Friis-Hansen Lennart
Published: July 2022

Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays are gold standard in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection and play a major role in viral subtyping for rapid detection and monitoring of important mutations, containing the spread of new virus variants. We wanted to compare RT-qPCR melting curve analysis assays to Sanger Sequencing for detection of variants within the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and examined their sensitivity and specificity. Samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 663 + 82) were subtyped using both Sanger sequencing and five RT-qPCR melting curve analysis assays specific for the mutations N501Y, P681H, E484K, K417N/T, and N439K. The results of the two methods were compared. The training cohort and the clinical validation cohort showed equally, or significantly better sensitivity of the assays compared to the Sanger sequencing. The agreement of the Sanger sequencing and the assays ranged from 92.6 to 100% for the training cohort and 99.4–100% for the clinical validation. The sensitivity, specificity, and turn-around time of the RT-qPCR melting curve analysis assays are well-suited for clinical monitoring of VOCs, making the assays an important tool in contact tracing and risk stratification. Furthermore, the assays were able to indicate the presence of new mutations in the complementary sequence to the mutation-specific probes.
Association of hormone replacement therapy with risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jang Yeu-Chai , Leung Chi Yan , Huang Hsi-Lan
Published: July 2022

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is widely used to relieve menopausal symptoms; however, it remains unclear whether the use of HRT was associated with gastric cancer. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize available evidence. This study followed the PRISMA guideline to report meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched from conception through 23 February 2022. Eligible studies reporting risk of gastric cancer after HRT were screened and accessed by two independent reviewers. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled risk estimate as relative risk (RR, 95% CI). Pre-established review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021281260). Among the 1095 articles identified, we included 11 studies with 1,919,089 women in this meta-analysis. The combined risk estimate (RR, 0.72; 95% CI 0.64–0.81; I2 = 2%) indicated that the use of HRT was associated with a 28% reduction in risk of gastric cancer compared with those who had no HRT exposure. The narrow prediction interval (0.62–0.84) for gastric cancer risk suggested a low between-study variance. In subgroup analysis defined by HRT formulation, there were reduction in risks of gastric cancer after the use of estrogen-only therapy (Pooled RR, 0.63; 95% CI 0.51–0.77, I2 = 0%) and estrogen-progestin therapy (Pooled RR, 0.70; 95% CI 0.57–0.87; I2 = 0%), as compared with non-users. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the use of HRT was associated with a reduced gastric cancer risk regardless of HRT formulation. Further investigations are warranted to confirm underlying mechanisms.
Collagen-depletion strategies in dentin as alternatives to the hybrid layer concept and their effect on bond strength: a systematic review
Authors: H. S. Delgado António , Belmar Da Costa Madalena , Polido Mário Cruz , Mano Azul Ana , Sauro Salvatore
Published: July 2022

Strategies aiming to improve the longevity of resin–dentin adhesive interface developed so far have only been able to retard the problem. Different approaches are thus needed. The objective of this review was to determine whether the use of collagen-depletion strategies after acid-etching procedures may improve the bond strength of resin-based materials to dentin. A systematic review was planned following 2021 PRISMA statement guidelines, with a search strategy performed in five electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, SciELO and IADR Abstract Archive (last search: 17/01/2022). Inclusion criteria encompassed studies which evaluated a collagen-depletion strategy in acid-etched human dentin and tensile/shear bond strength tests. Risk of bias assessment was carried out by two reviewers, working independently on an adapted five-domain risk of bias (RoB) checklist for laboratory studies. Results were synthesized qualitatively, as a meta-analysis was not possible due to limited number of studies and their RoB. A total of eight studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review after inclusion/exclusion criteria application. Out of these, two evaluated the effect of using NaOCl followed by an antioxidant, and the remaining six evaluated different enzymatic treatments (bromelain, chondroitinase ABC, papain, and trypsin). None of the studies reported a decrease of bond strength when a collagen-depletion strategy was used, in comparison to traditional hybrid layers (control). All enzymatic treatment studies which respected the inclusion criteria improved the bond strength to dentin. Some specific collagen-depletion strategies seem to play a favorable role in improving immediate bond strengths to dentin. Further research with sound methodology is required to consolidate these findings, since limitations in RoB and a low number of studies were found. The assessment of further proteolytic agents and long-term outcomes is also required.
Brillouin light scattering in niobium doped lead zirconate single crystal
Authors: Kajewski D. , Oh S. H. , Ko J.-H. , Majchrowski A. , Bussmann-Holder A. , Sitko R. , Roleder K.
Published: July 2022

Brillouin light scattering experiments were performed for lead zirconate single crystals doped with niobium. Special attention was paid to the elastic mode softening near phase transition temperatures. The results are compared with data obtained by Raman light scattering experiments. We observed that the interaction between acoustic and optic modes is responsible for symmetry breaking far above TC, leading to polar regions' appearance. No changes in the acoustic mode frequency and its damping are observed at TC, where ε(T) exhibits a maximum value. The absence of these changes and the central peak observed in Raman experiments suggest that the phase transition at TC is mainly of the order–disorder type. The origin of other phase transitions is discussed as well.
The circulating 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSPA1A) level is a potential biomarker for breast carcinoma and its progression
Authors: de Freitas Gabriela Boufelli , Penteado Laura , Miranda Mila Meneguelli , Filassi José Roberto , Baracat Edmund Chada , Linhares Iara Moreno
Published: July 2022

The early diagnosis of breast cancer can improve treatment and prognosis. We sought to evaluate whether the serum concentration of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSPA1A) was elevated in Brazilian women with breast cancer, and if levels correlated with tumor characteristics. This was a cross-sectional, analytical, case–control exploratory study performed at The University of São Paulo School of Medicine. From September 2017 to December 2018, 68 women with breast cancer and 59 controls were recruited. The HSPA1A concentration in serum samples was determined by ELISA by individuals blinded to the clinical data. The mean ages in the study and control groups were 54.9 and 52.0 years, respectively. The median serum levels of HSPA1A were elevated in women with breast cancer (1037 pg/ml) compared with controls (300 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). Elevated HSPA1A levels were associated with advanced histological tumor grade (p < 0.001) and with the cell proliferation index (KI67) (p = 0.0418). The HSPA1A concentration was similar in women with different histological subtypes, nuclear grade, hormone receptor expression, HER2 status and the presence or absence of angiolymphatic invasion. Elevated serum HSPA1A in Brazilian women with advanced histological grade and proliferation index breast cancer supports the potential value of additional investigation on larger and more varied populations to verify the value of HSPA1A detection as a component of breast cancer diagnosis and progression.
The abundance of bifidobacterium in relation to visceral obesity and serum uric acid
Authors: Gong Hualan , Gao Hainv , Ren Qingye , He Jia
Published: July 2022

Gut microbiome has been shown to play a role in the development of obesity in recent studies. Most of these studies on obesity were based on the BMI classification criteria, which doesn't distinguish Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Some studies showed that VAT has a higher risk of inducing metabolic diseases than SAT. This study focused on the visceral obesity defined by increased visceral fat area. The present study was designed to investigate the association of visceral obesity with gut predominant microbiota and metabolic status. This study included 372 healthy individuals from medical examination center in Shulan Hangzhou Hospital. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) technique was used to detect ten kinds of gut predominant bacteria in fresh feces. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured by the bioimpedance analyzer (INBODY720, Korea). The abundance of Bifidobacterium significantly decreased in the visceral obesity group. Compared with the lean group, Visceral obesity group had significantly higher levels of LDL, TG, FBG, serum uric acid (SUA) and lower levels of HDL. SUA was an independent impact factor for Bifidobacterium. SUA was negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium and positively correlated with VFA. In the mediation analysis, SUA showed significant mediation effect. SUA may be a mediating factor between decreased Bifidobacterium and increased VAT.
Prevalence and predictors of difficult vascular anatomy in forearm artery access for coronary angiography and PCI
Authors: Roeschl Tobias , Jano Anas M. , Fochler Franziska , Grewe Mona M. , Wacker Marlis , Meier Kirstin , Schmidt Christian , Maier Lars , Grewe Peter H.
Published: July 2022

Transradial access has established as preferred access for cardiac catheterization. Difficult vascular anatomy (DVA) is a noticeable threat to procedural success. We retrospectively analyzed 1397 consecutive cardiac catheterizations to estimate prevalence and identify predictors of DVA. In the subclavian-innominate-aortic-region (SIAR), DVA was causing failure in 2.4% during right-sided vs. 0.7% in left-sided forearm-artery-access (FAA) attempts (χ2 = 5.1, p = 0.023). Independent predictors were advanced age [odds ratio (OR) 1.44 per 10-year increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15 to 1.80, p = 0.001] and right FAA (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.72 to 3.69, p < 0.001). In the radial-ulnar-brachial region (RUBR), DVA was causing failure in 2.5% during right-sided vs. 1.7% in left-sided FAA (χ2 = 0.77, p = 0.38). Independent predictors were age (OR 1.28 per 10-year increase, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.61, p = 0.04), lower height (OR 1.56 per 10-cm decrease, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.15, p = 0.008) and left FAA (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.18, p < 0.001). Bilateral DVA was causing procedural failure in 0.9% of patients. The prevalence of bilateral DVA was rare. Predictors in SIAR were right FAA and advanced age and in RUBR, left FAA, advanced age and lower height. Gender, arterial hypertension, body mass, STEMI and smoking were not associated with DVA.
Stochastic models of Mendelian and reverse transcriptional inheritance in state-structured cancer populations
Authors: Bukkuri Anuraag , Pienta Kenneth J. , Austin Robert H. , Hammarlund Emma U. , Amend Sarah R. , Brown Joel S.
Published: July 2022

Recent evidence suggests that a polyaneuploid cancer cell (PACC) state may play a key role in the adaptation of cancer cells to stressful environments and in promoting therapeutic resistance. The PACC state allows cancer cells to pause cell division and to avoid DNA damage and programmed cell death. Transition to the PACC state may also lead to an increase in the cancer cell’s ability to generate heritable variation (evolvability). One way this can occur is through evolutionary triage. Under this framework, cells gradually gain resistance by scaling hills on a fitness landscape through a process of mutation and selection. Another way this can happen is through self-genetic modification whereby cells in the PACC state find a viable solution to the stressor and then undergo depolyploidization, passing it on to their heritably resistant progeny. Here, we develop a stochastic model to simulate both of these evolutionary frameworks. We examine the impact of treatment dosage and extent of self-genetic modification on eco-evolutionary dynamics of cancer cells with aneuploid and PACC states. We find that under low doses of therapy, evolutionary triage performs better whereas under high doses of therapy, self-genetic modification is favored. This study generates predictions for teasing apart these biological hypotheses, examines the implications of each in the context of cancer, and provides a modeling framework to compare Mendelian and non-traditional forms of inheritance.
[18F]-Labeled PARP-1 PET imaging of PSMA targeted alpha particle radiotherapy response
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Abou Diane , Lu Peng , Hasson Abbie Meghan , Villmer Alexandria , Benabdallah Nadia , Jiang Wen , Ulmert David , Carlin Sean , Rogers Buck E. , Turtle Norman F. , McDevitt Michael R. , Baumann Brian , Simons Brian W. , Dehdashti Farrokh , Zhou Dong , Thorek Daniel L. J.
Published: July 2022

The growing interest and clinical translation of alpha particle (α) therapies brings with it new challenges to assess target cell engagement and to monitor therapeutic effect. Noninvasive imaging has great potential to guide α-treatment and to harness the potential of these agents in the complex environment of disseminated disease. Poly(ADP) ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is among the most abundantly expressed DNA repair enzymes with key roles in multiple repair pathways—such as those induced by irradiation. Here, we used a third-generation PARP1-specific radiotracer, [18F]-PARPZ, to delineate castrate resistant prostate cancer xenografts. Following treatment with the clinically applied [225Ac]-PSMA-617, positron emission tomography was performed and correlative autoradiography and histology acquired. [18F]-PARPZ was able to distinguish treated from control (saline) xenografts by increased uptake. Kinetic analysis of tracer accumulation also suggests that the localization of the agent to sites of increased PARP-1 expression is a consequence of DNA damage response. Together, these data support expanded investigation of [18F]-PARPZ to facilitate clinical translation in the ⍺-therapy space.
Dilatation of the bridging cerebral cortical veins in childhood hydrocephalus suggests a malfunction of venous impedance pumping
Authors: Bateman Grant A. , Bateman Alexander R. , Subramanian Gopinath M.
Published: July 2022

Dogs with a naturally occurring form of hydrocephalus have an elevated transmural venous pressure leading to cortical vein dilatation. The purpose of this study is to discover if there is vein dilatation in childhood hydrocephalus and to estimate the pressure required to maintain any enlargement found. Children with hydrocephalus between the ages of 4 and 15 years were compared with a control group. Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) and flow quantification were performed. The arterial inflow, sagittal sinus and straight sinus venous outflow were measured and the outflow percentages compared to the inflow were calculated. The cross-sectional area of the veins were measured. There were a total of 18 children with hydrocephalus, compared to 72 age and sex matched control MRV’s and 22 control flow quantification studies. In hydrocephalus, the sagittal sinus venous return was reduced by 12.9%, but the straight sinus flow was not significantly different. The superficial territory veins were 22% larger than the controls but the vein of Galen was unchanged. There is evidence of a significant increase in the superficial vein transmural pressure in childhood hydrocephalus estimated to be approximately 4 mmHg. An impedance pump model is suggested to explain these findings.
Silhouette images enable estimation of body fat distribution and associated cardiometabolic risk
Authors: Klarqvist Marcus D. R. , Agrawal Saaket , Diamant Nathaniel , Ellinor Patrick T. , Philippakis Anthony , Ng Kenney , Batra Puneet , Khera Amit V.
Published: July 2022

Inter-individual variation in fat distribution is increasingly recognized as clinically important but is not routinely assessed in clinical practice, in part because medical imaging has not been practical to deploy at scale for this task. Here, we report a deep learning model trained on an individual’s body shape outline—or “silhouette” —that enables accurate estimation of specific fat depots of interest, including visceral (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous (ASAT), and gluteofemoral (GFAT) adipose tissue volumes, and VAT/ASAT ratio. Two-dimensional coronal and sagittal silhouettes are constructed from whole-body magnetic resonance images in 40,032 participants of the UK Biobank and used as inputs for a convolutional neural network to predict each of these quantities. Mean age of the study participants is 65 years and 51% are female. A cross-validated deep learning model trained on silhouettes enables accurate estimation of VAT, ASAT, and GFAT volumes (R2: 0.88, 0.93, and 0.93, respectively), outperforming a comparator model combining anthropometric and bioimpedance measures (ΔR2 = 0.05–0.13). Next, we study VAT/ASAT ratio, a nearly body-mass index (BMI)—and waist circumference-independent marker of metabolically unhealthy fat distribution. While the comparator model poorly predicts VAT/ASAT ratio (R2: 0.17–0.26), a silhouette-based model enables significant improvement (R2: 0.50–0.55). Increased silhouette-predicted VAT/ASAT ratio is associated with increased risk of prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease independent of BMI and waist circumference. These results demonstrate that body silhouette images can estimate important measures of fat distribution, laying the scientific foundation for scalable population-based assessment.
DNA sequence-selective G-A cross-linking ADC payloads for use in solid tumour therapies
Authors: Procopiou George , Jackson Paul J. M. , di Mascio Daniella , Auer Jennifer L. , Pepper Chris , Rahman Khondaker Miraz , Fox Keith R. , Thurston David E.
Published: July 2022

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are growing in importance for the treatment of both solid and haematological malignancies. There is a demand for new payloads with novel mechanisms of action that may offer enhanced therapeutic efficacy, especially in patients who develop resistance. We report here a class of Cyclopropabenzindole-Pyridinobenzodiazepine (CBI-PDD) DNA cross-linking payloads that simultaneously alkylate guanine (G) and adenine (A) bases in the DNA minor groove with a defined sequence selectivity. The lead payload, FGX8-46 (6), produces sequence-selective G-A cross-links and affords cytotoxicity in the low picomolar region across a panel of 11 human tumour cell lines. When conjugated to the antibody cetuximab at an average Drug-Antibody Ratio (DAR) of 2, an ADC is produced with significant antitumour activity at 1 mg/kg in a target-relevant human tumour xenograft mouse model with an unexpectedly high tolerability (i.e., no weight loss observed at doses as high as 45 mg/kg i.v., single dose).
Gene networks under circadian control exhibit diurnal organization in primate organs
Authors: Li Jie , Nie Pengxing , Turck Christoph W. , Wang Guang-Zhong
Published: July 2022

Mammalian organs are individually controlled by autonomous circadian clocks. At the molecular level, this process is defined by the cyclical co-expression of both core transcription factors and their downstream targets across time. While interactions between these molecular clocks are necessary for proper homeostasis, these features remain undefined. Here, we utilize integrative analysis of a baboon diurnal transcriptome atlas to characterize the properties of gene networks under circadian control. We found that 53.4% (8120) of baboon genes are oscillating body-wide. Additionally, two basic network modes were observed at the systems level: daytime and nighttime mode. Daytime networks were enriched for genes involved in metabolism, while nighttime networks were enriched for genes associated with growth and cellular signaling. A substantial number of diseases only form significant disease modules at either daytime or nighttime. In addition, a majority of SARS-CoV-2-related genes and modules are rhythmically expressed, which have significant network proximities with circadian regulators. Our data suggest that synchronization amongst circadian gene networks is necessary for proper homeostatic functions and circadian regulators have close interactions with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Concurrence percolation threshold of large-scale quantum networks
Authors: Malik Omar , Meng Xiangyi , Havlin Shlomo , Korniss Gyorgy , Szymanski Boleslaw Karol , Gao Jianxi
Published: July 2022

Quantum networks describe communication networks that are based on quantum entanglement. A concurrence percolation theory has been recently developed to determine the required entanglement to enable communication between two distant stations in an arbitrary quantum network. Unfortunately, concurrence percolation has been calculated only for very small networks or large networks without loops. Here, we develop a set of mathematical tools for approximating the concurrence percolation threshold for unprecedented large-scale quantum networks by estimating the path-length distribution, under the assumption that all paths between a given pair of nodes have no overlap. We show that our approximate method agrees closely with analytical results from concurrence percolation theory. The numerical results we present include 2D square lattices of 2002 nodes and complex networks of up to 104 nodes. The entanglement percolation threshold of a quantum network is a crucial parameter for constructing a real-world communication network based on entanglement, and our method offers a significant speed-up for the intensive computations involved.
Time resolved growth of (N)-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in engine deposits uncovered with OrbiSIMS depth profiling
Authors: Edney Max K. , He Wenshi , Smith Emily F. , Wilmot Edward , Reid Jacqueline , Barker Jim , Griffiths Rian L. , Alexander Morgan R. , Snape Colin E. , Scurr David J.
Published: July 2022

Insoluble carbonaceous deposits were grown in internal combustion engine components and interrogated by OrbiSIMS depth profiling, and we uncovered the composition and proposed time resolved growth mechanisms of these materials.
Rhoifolin loaded in PLGA nanoparticles alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Al-Shalabi Eveen , Abusulieh Samah , Hammad Alaa M. , Sunoqrot Suhair
Published: July 2022

The bioactive plant flavonoid rhoifolin was encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles and evaluated as a potential anti-inflammatory nanomedicine.
Crosstalk between arterial components and bioresorbable, 3-D printed poly-l-lactic acid scaffolds
Authors: Wang Yang , Huang Yuhua , Du Ruolin , Ge Shuang , Li Yanhong , Wang Guixue , Wang Yazhou , Yin Tieying
Published: July 2022

The accumulation of mechanical changes influences the crosstalk between different vascular characteristics with BRSs behaviors. Elastic arteries are more suitable for the evaluation of BRS degradation and muscular arteries for neointima hyperplasia.
Mitigating RANKL-induced cholesterol overload in macrophages with β-cyclodextrin-threaded polyrotaxanes suppresses osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Zhu Hongfei , Tamura Atsushi , Zhang Shunyao , Terauchi Masahiko , Yoda Tetsuya , Yui Nobuhiko
Published: July 2022

Effects of cyclodextrins and polyrotaxanes (PRXs) on osteoclastogenesis were examined. PRXs suppressed RANKL-induced free cholesterol overload and osteoclastogenesis in macrophages.
Correction: Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits
Authors: Chizzini Mario , Crippa Luca , Zaccardi Luca , Macaluso Emilio , Carretta Stefano , Chiesa Alessandro , Santini Paolo
Published: July 2022

Correction for ‘Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits’ by Mario Chizzini et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP01228F.
Formic acid as H2storage system: hydrogenation of CO2and decomposition of formic acid by solid molecular phosphine catalysts
Authors: Kipshagen Anna , Baums Janine C. , Hartmann Heinrich , Besmehn Astrid , Hausoul Peter J. C. , Palkovits Regina
Published: July 2022

The synthesis and decomposition of formic acid (FA) in aqueous triethylamine (NEt3) with solid molecular phosphine catalysts is demonstrated.
Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrocyclohexane as an alternative pathway for the synthesis of value-added products
Authors: Kowalewski Emil , Śrębowata Anna
Published: July 2022

Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrocyclohexane could be an alternative source of various useful chemicals: cyclohexanone oxime, cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, cyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine.
Selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction by cobalt dicyanamide
Authors: Sadigh Akbari Sina , Karadas Ferdi
Published: July 2022

Cobalt dicyanamide exhibits a photocatalytic CO2-to-CO conversion activity of 254 μmol h−1 g−1 with a selectivity of 93%.
Pb3SBrI3: the first Pb-based chalcohalide with multiple halogens features a unique two-dimensional structure composed of diverse Pb-centered polyhedra
Authors: Yan Mei , Tang Ru-Ling , Zhou Wenfeng , Liu Wenlong , Guo Sheng-Ping
Published: July 2022

Pb3SBrI3containing multiple halogens is the first one featuring neutral [Pb3SBrI3]∞layers when compared with others with multiple halogens that show three-dimensional frameworks.
Sodium butyrate ameliorated diabetic nephropathy-associated tubulointerstitial inflammation by modulating the tight junctions of renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Yang Tingting , Li Lin , Heng Cai , Sha Pian , Wang Yiying , Shen Jiaming , Jiang Zhenzhou , Qian Sitong , Wei Chujing , Yang Hao , Zhu Xia , Wang Tao , Wu Mengying , Wang Jianyun , Lu Qian , Yin Xiaoxing
Published: July 2022

NaB treatment could ameliorate DN-associated TI by modulating the TJs of renal tubular epithelial cells via the S1PR1/AMPK signaling pathway, leading to the improvement of TIF.
Elucidation of the mechanism for maintaining ultrafast domain wall mobility over a wide temperature range
Authors: Ranjbar S. , Kambe S. , Sumi S. , Thach P. V. , Nakatani Y. , Tanabe K. , Awano H.
Published: July 2022

To achieve a 20 Gbps data rate using the upcoming 5G communication standard, it is crucial to recognize a domain wall (DW) velocity (vDW) of 1200 m s−1.
Competing phases in the room-temperature M2(2,6-ndc)2(dabco) metal–organic framework thin film synthesis
Authors: Hamon Lucile , Andrusenko Iryna , Borzì Aurelio , Stiefel Michael , Carl Stephan , Frison Ruggero , Cervellino Antonio , Gemmi Mauro , Santiso-Quinones Gustavo , Hovestreydt Eric , Neels Antonia , Collings Ines E.
Published: July 2022

Thin film layer-by-layer room-temperature synthesis of targeted DUT-8 MOFs from 2,6-ndc and dabco ligands give different crystalline framework growths depending on the metal cation used: Cu(2,6-ndc) and Zn(2,6-ndc)(H2O).
A tough fluorescent nanocomposite hydrogel probe based on graphene quantum dots for the selective detection of Fe3+ ions
Authors: Du Juan , Zhu Wenli , She Xiaohong , Yu Qiyu , Yang Qiaoling , Huang Huiping , Tsou Chihui , Manuel De Guzman
Published: July 2022

A tough fluorescent nanocomposite hydrogel probe crosslinked by graphene quantum dots for the selective detection of Fe3+ ions.
Hydroxypyrone derivatives in drug discovery: from chelation therapy to rational design of metalloenzyme inhibitors
Authors: Arshad Jahan Zaib , Hanif Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Hydroxypyrone derivatives comprise a versatile class of compounds with massive potential as therapeutic and imaging agents. Their excellent metal chelating properties have been exploited to inhibit metalloenzymes.
Designing a self-classifying smart device with sensor, display, and radiative cooling functions via spectrum-selective response
Authors: Lee Sang Yeop , Lim Hangyu , Bae Jung Ho , Chae Dongwoo , Paik Taejong , Lee Heon , Oh Soong Ju
Published: July 2022

The self-classifying device exhibits a spectrum-selective response which selectively absorbs/reflects/emits/radiates light in ultraviolet to mid-infrared wavelengths, enabling the integration of three functions without any interference and noise.
Phenothiazine and triphenylamine-based fluorescent Schiff bases for the dual application of white light generation and H2O2 sensing
Authors: Barot Yash B. , Anand Vivek , Mishra Roli
Published: July 2022

Two simple Schiff bases applied for white light emission in an ionic liquid medium and peroxide sensing with an exceptional LOD.
Visible light-promoted, photocatalyst-free decarboxylative alkylation of 2H-indazoles via electron donor–acceptor complex activation
Authors: Wang Jin , Song Qingyuan , He Xing , Ma Chunhua , Jiang Yuqin , Fan Jing
Published: July 2022

A transition metal-free, traditional dye-free, and visible light-promoted reaction to achieve the direct alkylation of 2H-indazoles.
Droplet-based microfluidic synthesis of nanogels for controlled drug delivery: tailoring nanomaterial properties via pneumatically actuated flow-focusing junction
Authors: Giannitelli Sara Maria , Limiti Emanuele , Mozetic Pamela , Pinelli Filippo , Han Xiaoyu , Abbruzzese Franca , Basoli Francesco , Del Rio Danila , Scialla Stefano , Rossi Filippo , Trombetta Marcella , Rosanò Laura , Gigli Giuseppe , Zhang Zhenyu Jason , Mauri Emanuele , Rainer Alberto
Published: July 2022

A droplet-based microfluidic process relying on an actuated flow-focusing device was used for the in-flow synthesis of hyaluronic acid-polyethyleneimine nanogels with improved drug delivery properties.
Scaling up ultrathin boat-graphane with the non-classical stiffness relation to macroscopic metamaterials
Authors: Li Yabing , Chen Binxiang , He Linghui , Huang Shiqing , Kuang Youdi
Published: July 2022

Scaling up ultrathin nanosheets with unusual mechanical properties to macroscopic metamaterials is an intriguing topic considering the significant gap of their characteristic scales.
Synergistic immunomodulatory effect in macrophages mediated by magnetic nanoparticles modified with miRNAs
Authors: Lafuente-Gómez Nuria , Wang Shiqi , Fontana Flavia , Dhanjani Mónica , García-Soriano David , Correia Alexandra , Castellanos Milagros , Rodriguez Diaz Ciro , Salas Gorka , Santos Hélder A. , Somoza Álvaro
Published: July 2022

The interactions of magnetic nanoparticles with blood components must be carefully assessed to select nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Remarkably, MNP's surface can be tuned to add and enhance immunomodulatory properties in macrophages.
GaAs/GaInP nanowire solar cell on Si with state-of-the-art Voc and quasi-Fermi level splitting
Authors: Tong Capucine , Delamarre Amaury , De Lépinau Romaric , Scaccabarozzi Andrea , Oehler Fabrice , Harmand Jean-Christophe , Collin Stéphane , Cattoni Andrea
Published: July 2022

GaAs/GaInP nanowire solar cells epitaxially grown on a patterned Si substrate feature state-of-the-art open circuit voltage (0.65 V) and quasi-Fermi level splitting (0.84 eV at 1 sun, 1.01 eV at 81 suns), indicating high optoelectronic quality.
Tuning the selectivity in iridium-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of primary alcohols
Authors: Tabasi Nihal S. , Genç Sertaç , Gülcemal Derya
Published: July 2022

A single NHC–Ir catalyst allowed for the selective synthesis of carboxylic acids/carboxylates, esters, and Guerbet alcoholsviathe ADC of primary alcohols.
Synthesis of poly(vinyl alcohol) by blue light bismuth oxide photocatalysed RAFT. Evaluation of the impact of freeze/thaw cycling on ice recrystallisation inhibition
Authors: Kontopoulou Ioanna , Congdon Thomas R. , Bassett Simon , Mair Ben , Gibson Matthew I.
Published: July 2022

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is synthesised using blue light bismuth oxide photo-RAFT, to high conversion. The ice recrystallisation inhibition activity of these polymers was shown to be retained over 100 freeze/thaw cycles.
Asymmetric cross Rauhut–Currier reactions of vinyl ketones with carbonylpara-quinone methidesviaphosphine catalysis
Authors: Lu Yue , He Ningtao , Miao Xiaohe , Wang De
Published: July 2022

Novel cross Rauhut–Currier reactions, involving chiral phosphine catalysis, between vinyl ketones and terminal-carbonyl-substitutedpara-quinone methides are presented.
Tuning through-space interactions via the secondary coordination sphere of an artificial metalloenzyme leads to enhanced Rh(iii)-catalysis
Authors: Hassan Isra S. , Fuller Jack T. , Dippon Vanessa N. , Ta Angeline N. , Danneman Michael W. , McNaughton Brian R. , Alexandrova Anastassia N. , Rovis Tomislav
Published: July 2022

We report computationally-guided protein engineering of monomeric streptavidin Rh(iii) artificial metalloenzyme to enhance catalysis of the enantioselective coupling of acrylamide hydroxamate esters and styrenes.
Interpenetration of fractal clusters drives elasticity in colloidal gels formed upon flow cessation
Authors: Dagès Noémie , Bouthier Louis V. , Matthews Lauren , Manneville Sébastien , Divoux Thibaut , Poulesquen Arnaud , Gibaud Thomas
Published: July 2022

Starting from a fluidized dispersion of carbon black colloids under shear, we used an abrupt flow cessation to trigger gelation and tune the mechanical and structural properties of the resulting gel as function of the shear applied before flow cessation.
Toroidal nuclei of columnar lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals coexisting with an isotropic phase
Authors: Koizumi Runa , Golovaty Dmitry , Alqarni Ali , Walker Shawn W. , Nastishin Yuriy A. , Calderer M. Carme , Lavrentovich Oleg D.
Published: July 2022

The observed shapes of faceted toroids of a columnar lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal depend on the concentration of mesogenic materialviaa balance between bend elasticity and interfacial surface tension.
A hydrophobic layer of amino acid enabling dendrite-free Zn anodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Wen Qing , Fu Hao , Wang Zhen-yu , Huang Ying-de , He Zhen-jiang , Yan Cheng , Mao Jing , Dai Kehua , Zhang Xia-hui , Zheng Jun-chao
Published: July 2022

The zincl-cysteine functional layer was constructed byin situetching Zn anode in 1 Ml-cysteine solution. This functional layer not only improves the hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance of zinc anode, but also guides uniform zinc deposition.
Novel mixed H+/e−/O2− conducting cathode material PrBa0.9K0.1Fe1.9Zn0.1O5+δ for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Liu Bo , Li Zongbao , Yang Xinwei , Yan Dong , Li Jian , Jia Lichao
Published: July 2022

This work introduces a significant Co-free cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H-SOFCs) and offers a deep understanding of the effect of K-doping on the ability of absorption and transportation of oxygen ions and protons.
Visual pressure interactive display of alternating current electroluminescent devices based on hydrogel microcapsules
Authors: Liu Yibin , Qiao Yun , Sun Zhicheng , Zhang Wenguan , Liu Chenyang , Wen Jinyue , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhang Qingqing , Zhou Yang , Chen Jie
Published: July 2022

In this study, microcapsules are combined with electroluminescent devices. When the microcapsules are subjected to a certain external force, the core material is crushed and overflows, so that the devices emit light at the corresponding position.
A facile route to fabricating a crack-free Mg0.99Cu0.01Ag0.97Sb0.99/graphene/PEDOT:PSS thermoelectric film on a flexible substrate
Authors: Wang Yanan , Chetty Raju , Liu Zihang , Wang Longquan , Ohsawa Takeo , Gao Weihong , Mori Takao
Published: July 2022

A facile route to fabricating a crack-free Mg0.99Cu0.01Ag0.97Sb0.99/graphene/PEDOT:PSS thermoelectric film on a flexible substrate.
Cs2VOF4(IO2F2): Rationally designing a noncentrosymmetric early-transition-metal fluoroiodate
Authors: Ding Mengmeng , Wu Hongping , Hu Zhanggui , Wang Jiyang , Wu Yicheng , Yu Hongwei
Published: July 2022

Cs2VOF4(IO2F2) exhibits a strong SHG response (5 × KH2PO4(KDP) at 1064 nm), a moderate birefringence (0.088@1064 nm), and a short UV cutoff edge (257 nm).
Distributed cooperative cruise control for high‐speed trains with multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Huang Zhiwu , Wang Pingping , Zhou Feng , Chen Bin , Wu Yue , Liu Yongjie , Li Fei , Wang Jing , Peng Jun
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a novel cooperative cruise control strategy to jointly optimize the energy consumption and ride comfort for multiple high‐speed trains. The cooperative control strategy is constructed by combining the consensus algorithm and potential function to achieve the synchronization of train speed and keep a safe tracking interval. A multi‐objective optimal function of multiple high‐speed trains is constituted of cruise following error, energy consumption and ride comfort. The non‐dominated quick sorting algorithm (NSGA‐II) is used to find the global Pareto‐optimal solutions to obtain the optimal cooperative control gains, which achieve the optimal trade‐offs between energy consumption and riding comfort for high‐speed trains. The asymptotic stability of the proposed control strategy is proved strictly. The simulation results verify that the proposed control strategy can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve the riding comfort simultaneously when compared with existing methods.
Segmentation of ten fetal heart components with coarse‐to‐fine cascading and dynamic feature powering
Authors: Yang Tingyang , Zhang Ye , Zhu Mengxiao , Wang Yan , An Shan , Gu Xiaoyan , Liu Xiaowei , Han Jiancheng , He Yihua , Zhu Haogang
Published: July 2022

Segmenting heart components in the apical four‐chamber view of fetal echocardiography is of critical significance in clinical practice. However, it is difficult to recognize these components due to small‐scale components and the imbalanced ventricular apex orientation. In this study, a novel segmentation framework is proposed to segment ten general fetal heart components for the first time. This framework consists of a multi‐directional fine‐density (MDFD) data augmentation method and a coarse‐to‐fine cascade network (CFCN). MDFD enhances the apex orientation diversity and balances the orientation distribution. CFCN has two stages including a coarse network and a fine network. These two stages have similar structures that consist of a feature extractor and a feature refined layer named as Element‐Wise Power with Dynamic Exponent layer (EWPDE). EWPDE which is a plug‐and‐play module for segmentation refines the features from the feature extractor to position small components accurately. By adopting EWPDE, the influence of each pixel is adjusted and hard pixels of small components are segmented precisely. Based on the dataset, the method is proved to be effective with the high mean intersection over union (mIoU) value and low missing ratio (MR). With MDFD and EWPDE, CFCN that adopts DeepLabV3+ as the feature extractor outperforms the best segmentation results (mIoU:0.480, MR:0.035). Compared to the original performance (mIoU:0.407, MR:0.085) of DeepLabV3+, the method improves the results significantly.
Ejection velocities, age, and formation process of SPE meteoroid cluster
Authors: Čapek David , Koten Pavel , Spurný Pavel , Shrbený Lukáš
Published: July 2022

Context. Meteoroid clusters represent a unique opportunity to study processes of meteoroid disruptions in interplanetary space. We follow our previous work about the September epsilon Perseid (SPE) meteoroid cluster from 2016 with a detailed analysis of the observed data and cluster formation conditions.

Aims. Our goal is to determine ejection velocities of the cluster members and SPE’s age, as well as to estimate the most probable formation process.

Methods. We precisely determined mutual positions and masses of all meteoroids including the errors. We assumed that the massdominated meteoroid is the parent body of the cluster and that the observed positions of meteoroids are controlled by the ejection velocities and the action of solar radiation pressure. A formula for the dependence of meteoroid ejection velocities on the mutual positions, masses, and cluster age was derived. It was assumed that the time at which the initial kinetic energy of all meteoroids reached a minimum value corresponds to the age of the cluster. Knowing values and directions of ejection velocities together with meteoroid masses then allowed us to determine the most likely process of cluster formation.

Results. The meteoroids occupy a volume of 66 × 67 × 50 km and are shifted in the antisolar direction by 27 km relative to the parent meteoroid. The age of the cluster is 2.28 ± 0.44 days. The ejection velocities range from 0.13 ± 0.05 m s−1 to 0.77 ± 0.34 m s−1 with a mean value of 0.35 m s−1. The ejection velocity directions are inside the cone with an apex angle of 101 ± 5°. The axis of the cone is ~45° away from the solar direction and ~34° away from the mean direction of the flux of small meteoroids’ incident on the parent meteoroid. Formation due to the separation of part of the surface due to very fast rotation is the least likely thing to occur. We estimate the rotation frequency to be about 2 Hz and the corresponding stress is several orders of magnitude lower than the predicted strength limit. It is also difficult to explain the formation of the cluster by an impact of a small meteoroid on the parent body. However, this possibility, although not very likely, cannot be completely ruled out. The most probable process is the exfoliation due to thermal stresses. Their estimated magnitude is sufficient and the derived ejection velocities are consistent with this process of formation.
Towards a consistent model of the hot quadruple system HD 93206 = QZ Carinæ
Authors: Brož M. , Harmanec P. , Zasche P. , Catalan-Hurtado R. , Barlow B. N. , Frondorf W. , Wolf M. , Drechsel H. , Chini R. , Nasseri A. , Labadie-Bartz J. , Christie G. W. , Walker W. S. G. , Blackford M. , Blane D. , Henden A. A. , Bohlsen T. , Božić H. , Jonák J.
Published: July 2022

Aims.HD 93206 is a massive early-type stellar system composed of components resolved by direct imaging (Ab, Ad, B, C, D) and a compact subsystem (Aa1, Aa2, Ac1, Ac2). Its geometry was already determined on the basis of extensive photometric, spectroscopic, and interferometric observations. However, the fundamental absolute parameters are still not known precisely enough.

Methods.We use an advancedN-body model to account for all mutual gravitational perturbations among the four close components, and all observational data types, including astrometry, radial velocities, eclipse timing variations, squared visibilities, closure phases, triple products, normalized spectra, and spectral energy distribution (SED). The model has 38 free parameters, grouped into three sets of orbital elements, component masses, and their basic radiative properties (T, logg,vrot).

Results.We revised the fundamental parameters of QZ Car as follows. For a model with the nominal extinction coefficientRV ≡ AV/E(B − V) = 3.1, the best-fit masses arem1 = 26.1 MS,m2 = 32.3 MS,m3 = 70.3 MS, andm4 = 8.8 MS, with uncertainties of the order of 2 MS, and the system distanced = (2800 ± 100) pc. In an alternative model, where we increased the weights of the radial velocity (RV) and transit timing variation (VTT) observations and relaxed the SED constraints, because extinction can be anomalous withRV ∼ 3.4, the distance is smaller:d = (2450 ± 100) pc. This corresponds to the distance of the Collinder 228 cluster. Independently, this is confirmed by dereddening the SED, which is only then consistent with the early-type classification (O9.7Ib for Aa1, O8III for Ac1). Future modelling should also account for an accretion disk around the Ac2 component.