bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La construction d’une sanction
Authors: Deschamps Marc , Pénin Julien
Published: November 2016

Cet article s’intéresse au processus de construction d’une sanction n’induisant pas un effet d’éviction motivationnel en présentant une situation de politique économique locale où une commune française a décidé de sanctionner financièrement les parents venant chercher leurs enfants avec retard dans les centres de loisirs communaux. Après cinq mois de mise en œuvre de ce dispositif, contrairement aux conclusions obtenues par Gneezy et Rustichini [2000a], il est constaté une diminution significative du nombre de retards. Nous attribuons cette différence à trois caractéristiques spécifiques du dispositif de sanction français : i) il n’a pas été imposé de manière brutale mais construit après consultation des différentes parties prenantes, y compris les parents (impliqués dans un groupe de travail) ; ii) la communication auprès des parents pour justifier l’introduction de cette sanction a été centrée sur les motivations non financières, c’est-à-dire sur les nuisances que les retards induisaient pour le personnel plutôt que sur le coût financier des retards ; iii) la sanction financière est proportionnelle à la durée du retard et au revenu des parents et, en dernier ressort, existe la possibilité d’exclure les enfants.
Cliométrie du chômage et des salaires en France
Authors: Chélini Michel-Pierre , Prat Georges
Published: November 2016

Une spécification standard du modèle WS-PS de négociation entre employés et employeurs permet de comprendre les grands traits des évolutions macroéconomiques de long terme du chômage et des salaires en France. Trois hypothèses auxiliaires ont été faites pour estimer dans ce cadre théorique le taux de chômage d’équilibre et le taux de salaire négocié qui lui correspond, ce dernier s’exprimant par une moyenne pondérée des salaires désirés par les salariés (équation WS) et ceux offerts par les entreprises (équation PS) : i) l’évolution du degré de rigidité du marché du travail est représentée par une variable d’état stochastique estimée suivant la méthode du filtre de Kalman ; ii) le salaire de réserve moyen est ancré par excès ou par défaut sur le Smic ; iii) les « autres facteurs », non spécifiés a priori par la théorie et pouvant aussi conditionner la fixation des salaires et des prix, sont résumés par la marge de production disponible. Les résultats montrent que le chômage observé s’ajuste progressivement sur le chômage d’équilibre, lequel comprend une composante chronique traduisant les facteurs sous-jacents à la répartition de la valeur ajoutée (salaire réel de réserve, cotisations sociales, productivité, taux de marge), une composante conjoncturelle résultant d’un niveau de production inférieur à sa valeur potentielle et une composante frictionnelle attribuable à la mobilité imparfaite de la main-d’œuvre et aux facteurs technologiques. Le taux de salaire négocié, sur lequel s’ajuste le salaire observé, est apparu dépendre du salaire de réserve, des cotisations sociales, du niveau des prix, de la productivité, du taux de marge des entreprises, du taux de syndicalisation et enfin du taux de chômage dont l’influence varie au cours du temps. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que le rapport de force est en moyenne en faveur des employeurs.
Examen de la portée des connaissances sur les concepts du toucher et du massage et de leurs effets sur l’agitation et le stress des personnes âgées hospitalisées atteintes de démence
Authors: Schaub Corinne , von Gunten Armin , Morin Diane
Published: November 2016

Cet examen de la portée des connaissances étudie les effets du toucher/massage sur l’agitation et le stress des patients hospitalisés âgés atteints de démence. Il s’agit d’une approche multidimensionnelle, se trouvant aux confins des neurosciences médicales, des sciences infirmières, et des sciences humaines. Pour cette raison, cet examen est d’abord soutenu par un modèle biologique des relations sociales, décrivant l’interconnexion entre la cognition, l’affect, les aspects endocriniens et les modes d’attachement. Il est aussi guidé par des conceptualisations infirmières qui inscrivent le toucher/massage au cœur de la pratique soignante. L’importance du toucher et de sa capacité de régulation émotionnelle y sont abordés. Les besoins en contact des patients hospitalisés âgés atteints de démence sont aussi examinés en regard de leurs pertes sensorielles et de leur manque de contacts affectifs et sociaux. L’évidence des bienfaits du toucher/massage est synthétisée en relevant le fait que le toucher/massage est parfois difficile à prodiguer aux patients agités. En conclusion, des propositions sont faites pour qu’un agenda scientifique soit développé dans les milieux cliniques afin de poursuivre le développement de l’évidence et de contribuer ainsi à mieux éclairer la pratique des soins infirmiers
Les activités des infirmières œuvrant en soins de première ligne auprès des personnes atteintes de maladies chroniques : une revue systématique de la littérature
Authors: Poitras Marie-Ève , Chouinard Maud-Christine , Fortin Martin , Girard Ariane , Gallagher Frances
Published: November 2016

Introduction : les infirmières en soins de première ligne assurent le suivi des patients atteints de maladies chroniques (MC), en collaboration avec le médecin traitant. Les activités effectuées varient d’un milieu à l’autre. Contexte : l’absence de données probantes sur les activités des infirmières des soins de première ligne nuit au développement de la pratique infirmière. Objectif : décrire les activités des infirmières en soins de première ligne auprès des personnes atteintes de MC et les éléments qui influencent ces activités. Devis : revue systématique de la littérature. Méthode : consultation des banques de données MEDLINE, CINAHL et SCOPUS. Mots-clés : Primary health care, Primary nursing and Chronic disease. Résultats : dix-huit articles ont été retenus. Quatre domaines d’activités décrivent les activités des infirmières : 1) Évaluation de la condition globale de la personne atteinte de MC ; 2) Gestion des soins ; 3) Promotion de la santé ; 4) Collaboration infirmière-médecin. Des éléments reliés à l’environnement, à l’infirmière ou à la personne atteinte de MC influencent les activités. Discussion : les activités des infirmières en soins de première ligne sont peu décrites. Certaines activités comme la gestion de cas et la collaboration interprofessionnelle sont absentes. Conclusion : des études descriptives sont nécessaires pour mieux décrire l’éventail des activités.
Analyse des « pratiques effectives » des formateurs en éducation thérapeutique du patient
Authors: Ballet Delphine
Published: November 2016

Introduction : le développement de l’Éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) incite aujourd’hui les professionnels de santé à revisiter leurs pratiques en y intégrant une dimension éducative. Objectif : existant peu de travaux sur les pratiques « effectives » des formateurs en ETP, cette recherche exploratoire vise à apporter un éclairage sur ce qui peut caractériser leurs pratiques en situation d’apprentissage. Méthode : en prenant appui sur les travaux en sciences de l’éducation sur l’observation des pratiques enseignantes, plusieurs séances d’ETP ont été observées, enregistrées et analysées en se focalisant sur les formes et les contenus des interactions verbales du côté des formateurs. Résultats : les résultats soulignent des variations intra et interindividuelles sur le mode de guidance des formateurs. Discussion : ces résultats sont à mettre en lien avec la conception des séances, la formation des professionnels et le public reçu. Conclusion : l’observation des pratiques effectives, complémentée avec l’analyse des pratiques déclarées, est un outil d’analyse susceptible de renseigner de la posture pédagogique du formateur et ce, dans une visée de connaissance et de professionnalisation. Abréviations : ETP : éducation thérapeutique du patient, SEA : situation d’enseignement-apprentissage, F : formateur.
Ananda Devi, Indian Tango
Authors: Vallée Jest Cécile
Published: November 2016

Avec Indian tango, Ananda Devi a élaboré une construction narrative des plus complexes : deux voix narratives de nature différente alternent pour finalement se rejoindre au-delà des frontières de la réalité et de la fiction. En effet, le personnage fictif rencontre la narratrice hétérodiégétique qui est également la diariste des autres chapitres. Les biographèmes parsemés dans tout le roman ajoutent une dimension supplémentaire à ce labyrinthe narratif dans lequel l’auteure plonge le lecteur. Il s’agira d’analyser ce jeu de piste entre référentialité et fictionnalité, propre à l’autofiction, qui permet d’interroger le rapport du romancier à ses créatures mais aussi au monde qui l’entoure et d’entraîner le lecteur dans cette quête de sens.
Introduction à l’œuvre du Mauricien Léoville L’Homme à partir des notes introductives au poème Le Rock de Cirné
Authors: Furlong Robert
Published: November 2016

Léoville L’Homme est une figure emblématique de la littérature mauricienne et sa contribution à l’évolution de cette production littéraire est remarquable tant en qualité qu’en volume. Il a été rédacteur en chef d’importants quotidiens qu’il a créés pour certains d’entre eux, journaliste militant en faveur de réformes constitutionnelles, chroniqueur dans plusieurs quotidiens, conteur régulièrement publié dans les revues littéraires locales et poète adulé : son apport a laissé une forte empreinte, lui-même devenant un modèle et ce, même si un de ses projets poétiques majeurs, Le Rock de Cirné, a été un échec.
Les médiations numériques du patrimoine
Authors: Natale Enrico
Published: November 2016

Basé sur un corpus de 145 sites web consacrés au Centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale, cette contribution analyse le rôle des médias numériques dans la reconfiguration des modes de constitution et de transmission du patrimoine. L’article définit les notions de patrimoine et de commémoration au sein du cadre de recherche, propose une analyse du corpus basée sur les producteurs de sites et identifie quelques caractéristiques de la mise en valeur du patrimoine sur les réseaux numériques.
Vers des lieux de mémoire réticulaires ?
Authors: Paloque-Berges Camille
Published: November 2016

À l’occasion d’une étude historique sur les débuts de l’Internet en France (1983-1993), cet article revient sur les problématiques associées à la reconnaissance et à la construction d’un patrimoine de la communication entre acteurs des sciences et techniques des réseaux numériques, à partir d’archives nativement numériques. La notion de lieux de mémoire réticulaires est analysée à travers deux conceptions du patrimoine : l’une communautaire, l’autre institutionnelle. Je présente d’abord l’émergence de la valorisation pratique, dans et par les communautés parties prenantes, d’un patrimoine de la communication médiée par ordinateur. Ensuite, je reviens de manière réflexive sur la construction d’un corpus rassemblant des archives de listes et groupes de discussion, dans le but d’expérimenter l’institutionnalisation de ce patrimoine. Ce corpus est encadré par les recommandations normatives des humanités numériques à but de manipuler les données de la recherche en ligne, ce qui me donne l’occasion de mettre en perspective les contraintes éthiques et documentaires avec les problématiques méthodologiques associées à cette expérience.
La patrimonialisation numérique des mémoires de l’immigration maghrébine en France dans les années 2000
Authors: Gebeil Sophie
Published: November 2016

Alors que se déploient les projets d’archivage du Web dans les années 2000, la Toile est elle-même mobilisée comme outil et espace de patrimonialisation, en particulier pour des mémoires minoritaires. À partir de l’exemple des mémoires l’immigration maghrébine en France, il s’agit de retracer une histoire sociale et qualitative de l’appropriation, par le Musée d’histoire de l’immigration (MHI), les associations Génériques (Paris), Ancrages (Marseille) et Anonymal (Aix-en-Provence), des outils de publication pour créer des dispositifs patrimoniaux en ligne. Dans cette perspective, les archives du Web françaises collectées par l’Institut national de l’audiovisuel (INA) et la Bibliothèque nationale de France (BNF) offrent à l’historien du temps présent, un gisement de sources inédites concernant la fabrique numérique du passé, non sans lui imposer un défi méthodologique. Il apparaît que, par leurs pratiques numériques, le MHI, Génériques, Ancrages et Anonymal contribuent au renouvellement des modes de mise en récit du passé à travers des dispositifs spécifiques, mais aussi à l’éparpillement de ces mémoires sur la Toile.
Credibility and Crisis in Pseudonymous Communities
Authors: Lefkowith Sarah
Published: November 2016

Information credibility is difficult to ascertain online, especially when identity is obscured. Yet increasingly, individuals ascertain credibility of emerging information in such contexts, including in the midst of crises. The authors, using data from reddit, examine the influence of potentially credibility cues in a pseudonymous context, investigating not both general effects and whether cues affecting credibility perceptions maintain their effects during crises. Findings include a positive relationship between commenter reputation and perceived credibility in non-crises; a positive relationship between perceived credibility and the use of persuasive appeals relating to one's character or experiences during crisis; and a positive relationship between perceived credibility and the use of a link during crisis. The authors explore how reddit's structure impacts credibility perception, describe how persuasion is operationalized, and elaborate a typology of highly credible comments. Through this study, the authors contribute to both credibility research and crisis informatics.
Towards a Framework for Integrating Social Media, Customer Relationship, and Knowledge Management
Authors: Bello Olayiwola W. , Folarin Modupe , Faruk Nasir
Published: November 2016

Academic concepts such as customer relationship management (CRM) and knowledge management (KM) are well established concepts today. Integration between these two concepts has been established with the term customer knowledge management. Social media (SM) is now fast growing and has an intrinsic nature hence reducing barriers of varying concepts. It has been integrated with CRM through the term social CRM (SCRM). From the above it appears that there is interdependency between the concepts. It is on this basis that this work proposes a process model integrating SM, SCRM and KM. Through data collected from expert interview and extensive literature review, this study explored the possibility of interdependency between these concepts to make a case for the process framework for business organisations. The framework, leaning on the CKM model was able to identify strategy, mindset and engagement management, including knowledge context as crucial additions to the existing model towards integrating the three concepts.
Enhancing the 21st Century Learning Experience
Authors: Patel Fay , Saipul Fadhliyansah , Chan Regina
Published: November 2016

Higher education institutions have made considerable effort to develop generic centrally based and course integrated learning skills intervention programs to enhance student learning. Various student learning skills development interventions have been implemented in the global learning space to respond to the diverse learning needs of undergraduate and postgraduate learners. The existing learning skills development framework was expanded to include the newly introduced Peer Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) to enable learners to learn effectively. The authors present an overview of the PASS program as a student centric learning initiative to enable student driven learning. The chapter highlights the challenges and benefits of promoting PASS as an integrated learning skills development approach. A reflective review of the different perspectives on learning skills development suggests that learners benefit from a number of effective strategies within a peer assisted study session to enable them to take responsibility for their learning.
Teaching Law
Authors: Jayabalan Sheela
Published: November 2016

Traditional methods of teaching law such as the lecture method, Socratic method or the case method has become the predominant teaching pedagogies in most law schools. Emphasis is on teaching law students the blackletter law. However, when law students complete their formal undergraduate studies and move on to practice law, they face the crisis of being unable to cerebral the black letter law to real life situations. Applying doctrinal analysis and the observation of law teaching in Malaysia from the authors own experience as a law lecturer, the author explicates in this chapter that the reason behind this crisis is because the traditional methods merely imparts the knowledge of law to students but does not stimulate and ignite the cognitive skills which should be the ultimatum of teaching law students. Traditional methods of teaching law should be reformed. Law students should be taught to apprehend the law to real life situations or problems using the cognitive apprenticeship method. In other words, putting the learner in the driver's seat.
STAT6 Regulates the Development of Eosinophilic versus Neutrophilic Asthma in Response to Alternaria alternata
Authors: Valladao Andrea C. , Frevert Charles W. , Koch Lisa K. , Campbell Daniel J. , Ziegler Steven F.
Published: November 2016

Human asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the expression of both Th2 and Th17 cytokines. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown a reciprocal regulation between Th2 and Th17 pathways, suggesting a potential induction of neutrophil-promoting Th17 inflammation in the absence of a Th2 response. Alternaria alternata is a clinically relevant allergen that is associated with severe and fatal asthma exacerbations. Exposure to A. alternata is characterized by a predominant Th2 response, but can also induce the production of factors associated with Th17 responses (e.g., CXCL8) from epithelial cells. Using a mouse model, we found that wild-type mice develop an eosinophilic Th2 airway disease in response to A. alternata exposure, whereas IL-4–, IL-13–, and STAT6-deficient mice exhibit a primarily neutrophilic response. Neutrophilic asthma in STAT6−/− mice was accompanied by elevated lung levels of TNF-α, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL5, and was steroid resistant. Neutralization of Th17 signaling only partially reduced neutrophil numbers and total airway inflammation. Airway neutrophilia developed in RAG-deficient and CD4-depleted BALB/c mice, suggesting that the suppression of neutrophil responses is dependent on Th2 cytokine production by T cells and that airway neutrophilia is primarily an innate response to allergen. These results highlight the importance of combination therapies for treatment of asthma and establish a role for factors other than IL-17 as targets for neutrophilic asthma.
GATA1-Deficient Dendritic Cells Display Impaired CCL21-Dependent Migration toward Lymph Nodes Due to Reduced Levels of Polysialic Acid
Authors: Scheenstra Maaike R. , De Cuyper Iris M. , Branco-Madeira Filipe , de Bleser Pieter , Kool Mirjam , Meinders Marjolein , Hoogenboezem Mark , Mul Erik , Wolkers Monika C. , Salerno Fiamma , Nota Benjamin , Saeys Yvan , Klarenbeek Sjoerd , van IJcken Wilfred F. J. , Hammad Hamida , Philipsen Sjaak , van den Berg Timo K. , Kuijpers Taco W. , Lambrecht Bart N. , Gutiérrez Laura
Published: November 2016

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the regulation of the immune response. DC development and activation is finely orchestrated through transcriptional programs. GATA1 transcription factor is required for murine DC development, and data suggest that it might be involved in the fine-tuning of the life span and function of activated DCs. We generated DC-specific Gata1 knockout mice (Gata1-KODC), which presented a 20% reduction of splenic DCs, partially explained by enhanced apoptosis. RNA sequencing analysis revealed a number of deregulated genes involved in cell survival, migration, and function. DC migration toward peripheral lymph nodes was impaired in Gata1-KODC mice. Migration assays performed in vitro showed that this defect was selective for CCL21, but not CCL19. Interestingly, we show that Gata1-KODC DCs have reduced polysialic acid levels on their surface, which is a known determinant for the proper migration of DCs toward CCL21.
Mucosal and Systemic γδ+ T Cells Associated with Control of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Tuero Iskra , Venzon David , Robert-Guroff Marjorie
Published: November 2016

γδ T cells act as a first line of defense against invading pathogens. However, despite their abundance in mucosal tissue, little information is available about their functionality in this compartment in the context of HIV/SIV infection. In this study, we evaluated the frequency, phenotype, and functionality of Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells from blood, rectum, and the female reproductive tract (FRT) of rhesus macaques to determine whether these cells contribute to control of SIV infection. No alteration in the peripheral Vδ1/Vδ2 ratio in SIV-infected macaques was observed. However, CD8+ and CD4+CD8+ Vδ1 T cells were expanded along with upregulation of NKG2D, CD107, and granzyme B, suggesting cytotoxic function. In contrast, Vδ2 T cells showed a reduced ability to produce the inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ. In the FRT of SIV+ macaques, Vδ1 and Vδ2 showed comparable levels across vaginal, ectocervical, and endocervical tissues; however, endocervical Vδ2 T cells showed higher inflammatory profiles than the two other regions. No sex difference was seen in the rectal Vδ1/Vδ2 ratio. Several peripheral Vδ1 and/or Vδ2 T cell subpopulations expressing IFN-γ and/or NKG2D were positively correlated with decreased plasma viremia. Notably, Vδ2 CD8+ T cells of the endocervix were negatively correlated with chronic viremia. Overall, our results suggest that a robust Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cell response in blood and the FRT of SIV-infected macaques contribute to control of viremia.
Zebrafish foxo3b Negatively Regulates Antiviral Response through Suppressing the Transactivity of irf3 and irf7
Authors: Liu Xing , Cai Xiaolian , Zhang Dawei , Xu Chenxi , Xiao Wuhan
Published: November 2016

Forkhead box O (FOXO)3, a member of the FOXO family of transcription factors, plays key roles in various cellular processes, including development, longevity, reproduction, and metabolism. Recently, FOXO3 has also been shown to be involved in modulating the immune response. However, how FOXO3 regulates immunity and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this study, we show that zebrafish (Danio rerio) foxo3b, an ortholog of mammalian FOXO3, is induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stimulation and spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection. We found that foxo3b interacted with irf3 and irf7 to inhibit ifr3/irf7 transcriptional activity, thus resulting in suppression of SVCV or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid–induced IFN activation. By suppressing expression of key antiviral genes, foxo3b negatively regulated the cellular antiviral response. Furthermore, upon SVCV infection, the expression of the key antiviral genes was significantly enhanced in foxo3b-null zebrafish larvae compared with wild-type larvae. Additionally, the replication of SVCV was inhibited in foxo3b-null zebrafish larvae, leading to a higher survival rate. Our findings suggest that by suppressing irf3/irf7 activity, zebrafish foxo3b negatively regulates the antiviral response, implicating the vital role of the FOXO gene family in innate immunity.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and infiltrative cardiomyopathy
Authors: Schofield Rebecca , Manacho Katia , Castelletti Silvia , Moon James C.
Published: November 2016

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease. Cardiac imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis and management, with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) an important modality. CMR provides a number of different techniques in one examination: structure and function, flow imaging and tissue characterisation particularly with the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique. Other techniques include vasodilator perfusion, mapping (especially T1 mapping and extracellular volume quantification [ECV]) and diffusion-weighted imaging with its potential to detect disarray. Clinically, the uses of CMR are diverse. The imaging must be considered within the context of work-up, particularly the personal and family history, Electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram findings. Subtle markers of possible HCM can be identified in genotype positive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)-negative subjects. CMR has particular advantages for assessment of the left ventricle (LV) apex and is able to detect both missed LVH (apical and basal antero-septum), when the echocardiography is normal but the ECG abnormal. CMR is important in distinguishing HCM from both common phenocopies (hypertensive heart disease, athletic adaptation, ageing related changes) and rarer pheno and/or genocopies such as Fabry disease and amyloidosis. For these, in particular the LGE technique and T1 mapping are very useful with a low T1 in Fabry’s, and high T1 and very high ECV in amyloidosis. Moreover, the tissue characterisation that is possible using CMR offers a potential role in patient risk stratification, as scar is a very strong predictor of future heart failure. Scar may also play a role in the prediction of sudden death. CMR is helpful in follow-up assessment, especially after septal alcohol ablation and myomectomy.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in valvular heart disease
Authors: Durand Miranda
Published: November 2016

The superb spatial and temporal resolution of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), as well as its reproducibility and independence from patient body habitus and acoustic window, make it an excellent tool for not only diagnostic assessment but also follow-up of valvular heart disease (VHD) patients to determine the optimal time for intervention. This article reviews the anatomy and pulse sequences used to assess these patients and provides an approach for CMR valvular assessment. In addition, it reviews the role of CMR in the assessment of patients with VHD.
The Classical N-body Problem in the Context of Curved Space
Authors: Diacu Florin
Published: November 2016

We provide the differential equations that generalize the Newtonian N-body problem of celestial mechanics to spaces of constant Gaussian curvature κ, for all κ ∊ ℝ. In previous studies, the equations of motion made sense only for κ ≠ 0. The system derived here does more than just include the Euclidean case in the limit κ → 0; it recovers the classical equations for κ = 0. This new expression of the laws of motion allows the study of the N-body problem in the context of constant curvature spaces and thus oòers a natural generalization of the Newtonian equations that includes the classical case. We end the paper with remarks about the bifurcations of the first integrals.
El consumo millennial de información política en televisión y redes sociales. Análisis de la campaña Elecciones Generales en España 2015
Authors: Lago-Vázquez Diana , Direito-Rebollal Sabela , Rodríguez-Vázquez Ana-Isabel , López-García Xosé
Published: November 2016

Los medios de comunicación y sus audiencias se encuentran  actualmente inmersos en una fase de adaptación al universo 2.0, en el que son las generaciones educadas plenamente en un entorno digital las que desarrollan nuevos modelos de conducta frente al consumo de información. Objetivo y metodología. Con el fin de analizar las pautas de comportamiento de los millennials, se ha diseñado una metodología cualitativa basada en el seguimiento diario de un grupo de Facebook y en la realización de encuestas sobre su consumo durante las elecciones generales del 20 de diciembre de 2015. Resultados. Aunque la televisión prevalece como medio de información durante el periodo preelectoral, se constata la utilización de otros dispositivos electrónicos y la influencia de los social media. Discusión y conclusiones. Las redes sociales complementan la experiencia informativa de los jóvenes, marcando una posible pauta de lo que será el consumo informativo en los próximos años.
Evaluation of Omeprazole in the Treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: A Single Center, Prospective and Randomized Study
Authors: Doshi Kartik , Varghese Ashish , Badyal Dinesh K
Published: November 2016

Aims

To assess efficacy and safety of omeprazole in laryngitis due to laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD).

Materials and methods

It was a prospective, randomized, open label study conducted in 90 patients with laryngitis due to LPRD. Group A (n = 45) received omeprazole and advice about life style modification, group B (n = 45) received only advice about life style modification. Reflux symptom index (RSI), reflux finding score (RFS), quality of life (QoL) and voice handicap index (VHI) were evaluated at 0, 4 and 8 weeks.

Results

P ercentage r eduction i n R SI a nd R FS w as s ignificantly higher in group A after 8 weeks (37 vs 29%, 18 vs 13% respectively). Excess throat mucus, clearing of throat and erythema of posterior larynx improved considerably in group A compared to group B.

Conclusion

Omeprazole could be a significant addition to life style modification in LPRD patients particularly for signs and symptoms, such as excess throat mucus, clearing of throat and erythema of posterior larynx.

How to cite this article

Doshi K, Varghese A, Badyal DK. Evaluation of Omeprazole in the Treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: A Single Center, Prospective and Randomized Study. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):45-50.
Nail Gun Injury: An Unusual Presentation as Tracheal Foreign Body
Authors: Arora Nikhil , Jain Kirti , Bansal Ramanuj
Published: November 2016

Foreign bodies in trachea usually result from accidental slippage of an oral object while external penetrating injuries arising from high velocity projectile from a nail gun are rare. Here, we report a case in which a high velocity nail from a nail gun penetrated the sternum during the nailing and benignly presented to us as a foreign body in the trachea.

How to cite this article

Arora N, Jain K, Malhotra V, Bansal R. Nail Gun Injury: An Unusual Presentation as Tracheal Foreign Body. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):57-59.
A Case of Hidden Foreign Body: How We did It?
Authors: Mathews Miria , Mathew George Ani , Albert Rita Ruby
Published: November 2016

Pediatric age groups commonly present with history of fish or chicken bone getting stuck in throat while eating. They usually present early due to odynophagia and the usual site is the cricopharynx. This is a case of chicken bone getting stuck in the posterior pharyngeal wall of a child which presented late and caused quite a dilemma to remove it. This report is to highlight the unusual site of foreign body and the use of fluoroscopy to remove it.

How to cite this article

Mathews M, Paul RR, Mathew GA, Albert RR. A Case of Hidden Foreign Body: How We did It? Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):75-77.
Subcutaneous Emphysema Secondary to Tonsillectomy
Authors: Sasindran Vivek , Stephen Vijay , Deve Lakshana
Published: November 2016

Background

Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide. However, it can potentially be associated with several complications. One of the very rare complications post-tonsillectomy in adults is subcutaneous emphysema, as in our case here. Although, most reported cases are resolved spontaneously, it may lead to fatal complications, like tension pneumothorax.

Case report

Tonsillectomy was performed on an adult patient with history of frequent tonsillitis. The patient developed facial subcutaneous emphysema 48 hours after the surgery (evident by clinical and radiological examination) that resolved within 2 days without further complications.

Conclusion

Tonsil should be removed along with tonsilar capsule. If tonsillectomy causes deeper than usual mucosal tear up to the level of the muscles, then air might pass into the subcutaneous tissue through the tonsillar fossa and superior constrictor muscle into fascial layers of neck. Emphysema can then spread to parapharyngeal, retropharyngeal spaces and mediastinum with its related morbidity. Though a rare complication, all otorhinolaryngologists must be aware of this complication and its management.

How to cite this article

Abraham SS, Stephen V, Deve L, Kurien M. Subcutaneous Emphysema Secondary to Tonsillectomy. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):78-80.
Retropharyngeal Abscess related to Hematogenous Dissemination
Authors: Chalkiadakis Vasilios , Roukis George , Androulakis Michael
Published: November 2016

A retropharyngeal abscess is an infection in the deep space of the neck and it is a potentially life-threatening condition, because of severe complications. Today, it is rare in adults, but it is still present in immunosuppressed patients or after local trauma by foreign body. Diagnosis is challenging due to the variety of the symptoms and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the area is required. Its management requires highly specialized care, based on antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage of the abscess.

We report a case of a retropharyngeal abscess in a diabetic patient, with renal nephropathy and end-stage renal failure. Interestingly, the abscess was inside the thoracic cavity and surgical procedure included also thoracotomy.

How to cite this article

Chalkiadakis V, Roukis G, Karatzias G, Androulakis M. Retropharyngeal Abscess related to Hematogenous Dissemination. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):85-87
Lymphangiomatous Polyp of the Tonsil: An Unusual Cause of Snoring
Authors: Bhat Shubha P , Patla Shrinath D Kamath , Rent Natasha Hilda , Shetty Kishore Chandra
Published: November 2016

Benign vascular tumors and hamartomatous malformations of the palatine tonsils are less common than malignancies and are infrequently encountered. Lymphangiomatous polyp (LAP) is a rare hamartomatous lesion, arising from the surface of tonsil in children and young adults. They usually present with sore throat and dysphagia. Tonsillectomy with excision of polyp is the curative treatment. Histopathological examination will aid in the final diagnosis. We report a case of an adult male with LAP of left tonsil, who presented with snoring, sore throat, and change of voice.

How to cite this article

Bhat SP, P Kamath SD, Rent NH, Shetty KC. Lymphangiomatous Polyp of the Tonsil: An Unusual Cause of Snoring. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):88-90.
Congenital Supraglottic Cyst with Stridor Immediately after Birth
Authors: Das Deepanava Jyoti , Bhatia Abhijeet , Debbarma Ripan , Sarma Kalyan
Published: November 2016

Congenital laryngeal cysts are rare with an estimated incidence of < 2 per 100,000 live births. We present here a case report of congenital supraglottic cyst arising from the glossoepiglottic fold that presented with respiratory distress immediately after birth. Direct laryngoscopic examination revealed a cyst in the left supraglottic area. Surgical resection was carried out and stridor disappeared following surgery. Congenital supraglottic cyst presenting with stridor immediately after birth is rarely documented but should be born in mind as a differential diagnosis.

How to cite this article

Das DJ, Bhatia A, Debbarma R, Sarma K. Congenital Supraglottic Cyst with Stridor Immediately after Birth. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):91-92.
Lipoid Proteinosis—A Pediatric Otolaryngologist's Perspective: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Varghese Ajoy Mathew , Syed Kamran Asif , Sivaranjini R
Published: November 2016

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal-recessive hereditary disorder with multisystemic involvement manifesting in infancy and early childhood. These children may present to a pediatric otolaryngologist with hoarse voice. Here, we report a case of a child with LP with a pediatric otolaryngologist's perspective.

How to cite this article

Trupthi MC, Syed KA, Sivaranjini R, Mukhopadhyay S, Varghese AM. Lipoid Proteinosis—A Pediatric Otolaryngologist's Perspective: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):97-99.
A Radiological Study of Anatomical Variations of Uncinate Process
Authors: Patla Shrinath D Kamath , Rathnakar Pretty , Bhat Vadisha S , LNU Jayaramesh
Published: November 2016

Aim

(a) To study the variations in the superior attachment of uncinate process. (b) Incidence of pneumatization of uncinate process was also studied.

Materials and methods

A total 200 sides of 100 CT scans of paranasal sinuses coronal section were studied for variations in the superior insertion of uncinate process using Landsberg and Friedman classification. Incidence of pneumatization of uncinate process was also studied.

Results

In our study out of 200 sides, type 6 attachment was commonest (41%) followed by types 1 and 2. Pneumatization of the uncinate was seen in very small percentage of cases.

Conclusion

Lateral insertion of uncinate (lamina papyracea + aggar nassi) is the commonest variant followed by the insertion into the skulbase. Pneumatization of uncinate is rare.

Clinical significance

Though the inferior attachment of the uncinate is almost constant the superior attachment has several variations, the knowledge of which is very important for the endoscopic surgeon to avoid intraoperative complications.

How to cite this article

Patla SDK, Rathnakar P, Bhat VS, Jayaramesh. A Radiological Study of Anatomical Variations of Uncinate Process. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):59-61.
Study of Predisposing Factor, Clinical Profile, and Complications of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Agarwal Vinish Kumar , Goyal Mamta
Published: November 2016

Introduction

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that significantly alters patients’ social life and affects learning at school and work productivity.

Materials and methods

A total of 150 patients suggestive of a history of AR were included in this study. The patients underwent a thorough history, clinical examination, diagnostic nasal endoscopic evaluation, and radiological imaging.

Results

Out of 150 patients, 65% were male, whereas 35% were female ranging from age 14 to 70 years; 30% of both male and female were between 21 and 25 years; and 85% belonged to urban area, whereas 15% were rural inhabitants. The most significant complaints of patients were mainly paroxysmal sneezing, nasal obstruction, and watery nasal discharge. In the present study, 21% of patients had first-degree relatives with a complaint of AR; 72% of male patients and 75% of female patients had swollen turbinate; 59% of male patients and 62% of female patients had pale edematous nasal mucosa; 68% of male patients and 56% of female patients had granular pharyngitis; and 25% of male patients and 40% of female patients had complications of AR.

Conclusion

Allergic rhinitis is a disease of youth that affects mostly people in the age group of 21 to 25 years, and it is paroxysmal sneezing that concerns most of the patients and brings them to hospital. About 60% of the patients have a history of contact with the AR patients.

Clinical significance

Allergic rhinitis involves nearly 600 million people all over the world. Our study suggests three cardinal signs of AR, viz., swollen turbinate, pale and edematous nasal mucosa, and granular pharyngitis. This study also signifies female preponderance for complications of AR.

How to cite this article

Agarwal VK, Goyal M, Bist SS. Study of Predisposing Factor, Clinical Profile, and Complications of Allergic Rhinitis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):74-76.
Sinonasal Polyposis and Its Effect on Eustachian Tube Function
Authors: Mane Santosh B , Dasgupta Kalpana S
Published: November 2016

Objective/hypothesis

Nasal and paranasal sinus disease can cause Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction leading to middle ear (ME) hypoventilation. Persistent ME hypoventilation can result in ME conditions like retraction of tympanic membrane, otitis media with effusion, and chronic ME disease.

Aim

Aim of this study was to evaluate the ET function in cases of sinonasal polyposis. Evaluation was done by doing tympanometry.

Materials and methods

This was a hospital-based prospective study consisting of 42 patients (84 ears) of nasal polyposis, of which 27 patients had antrochoanal (AC) polyp and 15 patients had ethmoidal polypi. After thorough history and detail clinical examination, tympanometry was done in all patients 1 day prior to surgery and 4 to 6 weeks after surgery.

Results

Preoperatively in 30 ears (15 patients) of ethmoidal polypi had normal tympanogram (A type) in 40% ears and abnormal tympanogram (B and C) in 60% ears. Postoperatively 80% had A tympanograms and 20% had abnormal tympanogram. There was significant improvement on removal of polypi (p = 0.004). Preoperatively 54 ears (27 patients) of AC polyp had normal tympanogram (type A) in 55.56% ears and abnormal tympanogram (B and C) in 44.44% ears. Postoperatively normal tympanogram was seen in 81.48% and abnormal tympanogram in 18.52% ears, so there was significant improvement after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (p = 0.007).

Conclusion

Eustachian tube dysfunction was present preoperatively in 60 and 44.44% in ethmoidal and AC polypi respectively, while in postoperative period dysfunction was 20 and 18.52%. So function improves on removal of polyp.

How to cite this article

Mane SB, Dasgupta KS. Sinonasal Polyposis and Its Effect on Eustachian Tube Function. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):77-80.
Role of Hyaluronidase in Orbital Mass Excision
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Gupta Suruchi , Poredi Amit , Zadeng Zoramthara
Published: November 2016

Background

Hyaluronidase belongs to a family of enzymes that degrades hyaluronic acid, which is a constituent of the extracellular matrix. The property of hyaluronidase to help relieve tissue adhesions has found implications in epidural neuroplasty, failed back surgery syndrome, abdominal adhesions, and in prevention of formation of adhesions postoperatively in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. There is no previous study supporting the role of hyaluronidase in relieving the adhesions around the orbital masses and aiding in their delivery. This article intends to discuss the utility of hyaluronidase in orbital mass excision by relieving adhesions around the mass.

Aim

The purpose of this article is to describe the successful use of hyaluronidase intraoperatively for excision of orbital cavernous hemangioma. This patient had an orbital cavernous hemangioma of 8 years’ duration.

Materials and methods

This report describes a patient who presented with unilateral proptosis of long-standing duration and visual diminution of 6 months’ duration. Radiological imaging showed presence of intraconal cavernous hemangioma in the right orbit. The patient underwent transconjunctival orbitotomy for orbital mass excision. Intraoperatively, 5 mL of injection hyaluronidase 300 IU/mL diluted in balanced salt solution was injected around the mass for adhesiolysis using a 25-gauge cannula.

Conclusion

The intraoperative use of hyaluronidase helped in relieving the adhesions around the mass and helped in its easy delivery without undue manipulation.

Clinical significance

Hyaluronidase is helpful in adhesiolysis around the orbital masses and promotes their easy delivery. This helps in early recovery and decreased postoperative tissue edema. This is first such report implicating the role of hyaluronidase in orbital mass excision.

How to cite this article

Gupta P, Gupta S, Poredi A, Zadeng Z. Role of Hyaluronidase in Orbital Mass Excision. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):81-83.
Idiopathic Cerebrospinal Fluid Oculorrhea: An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Soni Arvind , Duggal Anchal
Published: November 2016

A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is an escape of the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Any tear or hole in the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord (dura) can allow the fluid that surrounds those organs to leak. Most commonly, the leak is known to occur from the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) or through the ears (CSF otorrhea). Also, etiology is posttraumatic in majority. However, idiopathic CSF leakage from the eyes is extremely uncommon.

How to cite this article

Soni A, Duggal A. Idiopathic Cerebrospinal Fluid Oculorrhea: An Unusual Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):87-89.
Lacrimal Gland Abscess leading to Frontal Bone Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Varshney Saurabh , Gairola Priyanka , Malhotra Manu
Published: November 2016

We report a case of a 15-year-old girl presenting with left lacrimal abscess with chronic osteomyelitis of frontal bone, a rare sequelae, that of lacrimal adenitis. If lacrimal adenitis is left untreated, abscess formation can occur and can also lead to osteomyelitis. If lacrimal adenitis/abscess is diagnosed early in the disease process by understanding typical signs, conservative management can accomplish resolution without the complications and need for surgical exploration and the cosmetic implications of facial surgery.

How to cite this article

Varshney S, Malhotra M, Kaur N, Gairola P. Lacrimal Gland Abscess leading to Frontal Bone Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Rare Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):102-104.
A Study of the Impact of Informational Complexity, Transparency and Stewardship on Decision Usefulness: The Users Perspective
Authors: Brearey Chester
Published: November 2016

“Arguably, accounting is as much about communication as it is to do with measurement. No matter how effective the process of accounting quantification, its resultant data will be less than useful unless they are communicated adequately”. Raymond John Chambers Calls for the reformation of financial reporting have exacerbated in recent years in light of a rapidly changing global investment climate and in the wake of a battered financial system. This study explored the interrelationships between informational complexity, transparency and stewardship on the usefulness of financial reporting. Empirical analyses was based on a survey of more than 650 executives to test hypotheses that informational complexity impairs judgment through decision-makers’ strategy selection; that transparency captures the timeliness, interpretation, and dissemination of financial reporting that leads to a more informed market; and that there is a stewardship demand to report on the control and use of resources by those accountable for their control and use. The most interesting finding of this study was the lack of support for the connection between complexity, transparency and value relevance, even though prior research has found strong support for a relationship between these three constructs. However, it is clear that although considerable complexity can originate from the intricacy of commercial transactions and events themselves. The accounting for such transactions, by their very nature is complicated and is therefore beyond the control of standard setters. It is therefore imperative that we acknowledge and distinguish between two types of complexity in financial reporting, from the outset: that which is inescapable, due to the inherent complexity of certain transactions, and that which could be avoidable, having been brought about by accounting standards themselves. Additionally, the impact of regulatory trust on decision usefulness was found to be significant, but negative. Can it be postulated that rapid changes in the economy, inadequacy of accounting regulation and other institutions creates a negative effect on the usefulness of accounting information?