bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os desafios para construção de cultura de compliance nas empresas estatais
Authors: Piffer Lizânea
Published: July 2023

Os escândalos de corrupção ocorridos no mundo se relacionam diretamente com a edição de leis, criação de normas e novas modelagens de governança corporativa, pois, seus desenvolvimentos foram respostas a esses escândalos. No Brasil, a corrupção envolvendo empresas estatais gerou na sociedade o sentimento de que tais casos resultam da má gestão e do aparelhamento político no âmbito dessas instituições e, em resposta a esse cenário, houve a promulgação da Lei 13.303/2016, também conhecida como Lei das Estatais. A referida Lei levantou questões quanto às práticas de gestão, seus mecanismos de controles internos, a nomeação de seus representantes e relacionamento com a Administração, bem como estipulou regras de governança corporativa. No intuito de se adequarem às normas vigentes e atenderem aos anseios da sociedade, as estatais se depararam com a necessidade de (re)definirem sua modelagem de governança, montarem programas de integridade, implantarem controles internos, gerirem seus riscos e construírem uma cultura passível de ser traduzida para todos os atores envolvidos, desde a alta administração aos empregados dos mais diversos níveis hierárquicos, moldando seus relacionamentos com fornecedores e terceirizados. Na corrida contra o tempo e frente à toda complexidade que envolve a estruturação e implantação de um programa de compliance, os operadores das estatais, imbuídos dessa tarefa, foram postos frente aos mais adversos cenários. Assim, por meio do método dedutivo, de caráter descritivo quanto aos fins e que envolve revisão bibliográfica quanto aos meios, o presente artigo propõe demonstrar quais seriam os desafios enfrentados pelas estatais para a construção de uma nova cultura. O estudo conclui que os empregados resistentes às mudanças; as divergências de seus valores pessoais dos valores da instituição, a falta de identificação dos gestores com as políticas internas e a descrença dos empregados nos setores responsáveis pela condução de procedimentos investigatórios internos, constituem algumas barreiras na construção da cultura de compliance.
Evaluation of Coffee Mistletoe Leaf Ethanol Extract on Burn Healing Activity on White Male Rat
Authors: Efendi M. Rifqi , Gusti Diah Riski , Syahrial Annisa Dhita , Rusdi Mesa Sukmadani
Published: July 2023

Luka bakar merupakan jenis luka yang dapat disebabkan oleh panas (api, cairan/lemak panas, uap panas), radiasi, listrik, atau bahan kimia. Daun benalu kopi (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb.) merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan yang mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunderpost-test-only, seperti flavonoid, tannin, saponin, alkaloid, dan fenolik, yang berperan dalam efek penyembuhan luka bakar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental dengan pendekatan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan post-test only control group design. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan, yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol positif (gel Bioplacenton), kelompok kontrol negative (vaseline flavum), serta tiga kelompok perlakuan yang diobati dengan ekstrak etanol daun benalu, yaitu 5% (P1), 10% (P2), dan 15% (P3). Aktivitas penyembuhan luka bakar dan kandungan hidroksiprolin diamati sebagai parameter hasil. Data disajikan sebagai rata-rata ± SD dan dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah. Selanjutnya, dilakukan uji peringkat berganda Duncan untuk menentukan perbedaan yang signifikan. Tingkat signifikansi p<0,05 digunakan untuk menentukan hasil yang signifikan secara statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun benalu kopi memiliki efek sebagai pengobatan luka bakar, dengan konsentrasi terbaik ditemukan pada konsentrasi 15%, yang memiliki persentase penyembuhan sebesar 62,5%, meskipun efektivitasnya tidak melebihi kelompok kontrol positif (72,48%). Kandungan hidroksiprolin pada kelompok ekstrak daun benalu kopi menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif, terutama pada kelompok P1 (53,62±6,52 μg/mL), dan secara statistik tidak berbeda dengan kontrol positif (64,34±6,02 μg/mL). Pada kelompok P2 dan P3, kandungan hidroksiprolin mengalami peningkatan namun tidak mencapai nilai yang signifikan. Aktivitas penyembuhan luka ini disebabkan oleh kandungan senyawa kimia yang efektif dalam ekstrak, seperti fenolik, saponin, flavonoid, dan alkaloid. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memahami komponen tambahan ini serta mekanisme aksinya dalam proses penyembuhan.
O INFINITO E O MÉTODO DA DIAGONAL DE CANTOR – TRADUÇÃO DE UEBER EINE ELEMENTARE FRAGE DER MANNIGFALTIGKEITSLEHRE (1890–91)
Authors: Bertato Fábio Maia
Published: July 2023

No presente artigo, apresentamos a tradução ao português e a transcrição alemã do artigo intitulado “Ueber eine elementare Frage der Mannigfaltigkeitslehre” (1890–91), no qual Cantor introduz o seu famoso “Método da Diagonal”. No ensaio introdutório, fazemos algumas considerações acerca do infinito e dos problemas correlatos, bem como apresentamos alguns elementos para colocar a história do infinito numa perspectiva cultural mais ampla.
Analysis of Financial Performance at PT Semen Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Junaedy J. , Pattiasina Victor
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the financial performance of PT Semen Indonesia (Persero), Tbk listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) based on profitability ratios during the 2020-2022 period. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data, namely data in the form of numbers or numbers. Quantitative data serves to determine the number or magnitude of an object to be studied. In this study, the quantitative data is the company's financial statements. The data source used in this research is secondary data, namely all data collected through library research and company data in the form of documents that can support writing. The analysis technique used to determine the company's financial performance in this study is the profitability ratio, namely Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Asset (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE). The results of this study indicate that in general the company's financial performance based on profitability analysis is not efficient and not good. This is because the level of profitability is not stable so that it has decreased in three consecutive years and is still below the industry average. Thus, the company has not been able to manage its capital efficiently in generating profits.
A CONVIVÊNCIA HARMÔNICA ENTRE O DIREITO AUTORAL E O DIREITO DE ACESSO À CULTURA E AO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Pequeno Joelson Gomes , Sichel Débora Lacs
Published: July 2023

O direito autoral, que protege o autor de ter suas criações intelectuais exploradas por terceiros sem sua prévia permissão, e o direito de acesso à cultura e ao conhecimento, essencial para a formação identitária de um povo, são complementares e interdependentes, ainda que à primeira vista possam parecer antagônicos. Considerando que ambos são direitos fundamentais, esse trabalho tem por objetivo analisar, através de pesquisa legislativa e jurisprudencial, baseada em uma metodologia qualitativa-exploratória, o tratamento previsto pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro para que estes direitos coexistam harmonicamente. Os resultados encontrados pela pesquisa sugerem que há suficiente previsão constitucional e em diplomas internacionais. Entretanto, a legislação doméstica volta-se mais à proteção dos direitos do autor, enquanto a garantia do acesso à cultura é apenas timidamente regulada, fenômeno que também se reflete na jurisprudência. Parece que o país carece de uma maior política de valorização da cultura para que o direito fundamental de acesso ao patrimônio cultural seja eficientemente regulamentado no território nacional.
A comparative overview of SSRI-sertraline and SNRI-desvenlafaxine
Authors: Sree Sudha T Y  , Hemasri Velmurugan
Published: July 2023

Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. The common features of all the depressive disorders are sadness, emptiness, or irritable mood, accompanied by somatic and cognitive changes that significantly affect the individual’s capacity to function. Depression is commonly treated in primary care, and SSRI drugs are frequently used as the first line of treatment. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) have the advantage of the ease of dosing and low toxicity in overdose. They are also the first-line medications for late-onset depression. Selective Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), which include venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, and levomilnacipran can be used as first-line agents, particularly in patients with significant fatigue or pain syndromes associated with the episode of depression. SNRIs also have an important role as second-line agents in patients who have not responded to SSRIs. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, uses, side effects, and contraindications of desvenlafaxine, an SNRI, and sertraline, an SSRI are compared in this article.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MASTERING MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Fina Tazkiya
Published: July 2023

Teachers realize that mathematics is often considered a subject that is less desirable, feared, and avoided by most students. Various alternatives are used by teachers in learning mathematics, both the mathematical approach and the methods used so that students can master mathematical concepts and can solve problem solving problems. The purpose of this article is to describe the importance of mastering mathematical concepts in solving elementary math problems. Mastery of mathematical concepts is the basis for being able to solve mathematical problems with higher order thinking. In basic education students are directed to have cognitive abilities, namely analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5) and even creating (C6). These abilities are closely related to many of the questions that lead to solving mathematical problems. So that the teacher trains students to be able to solve mathematical problems, where students must have the ability to master mathematical concepts.
The professional development of teachers through mentoring activities
Authors: Gogoi Elena
Published: July 2023

Given the dynamism of society, but also of the reforms in the educational system, the academic staff must adapt in record time to face their imperatives. The teaching process in which teachers are involved needs to be updated, accele-rated and strengthened. In this context, we find that learning partnerships are becoming more and more present in the academic environment, mentoring being recognized as one of the most widespread. Thus, mentoring, being anchored in professional training programs, becomes a tool oriented towards the development of the teaching career. The purpose of this study resides in the identification and configuration of the mentor’s behavioral framework in higher education. The identified model will contribute to strengthening professional skills and increasing the quality of the educational process.
Violencia contra el hombre como integrante del grupo familiar y su protección a través del derecho a la no discriminación en Lima 2020-2021
Authors:   , Reyes Vargas Natalia Estefania
Published: July 2023

La presente tesis, fue elaborada con el objetivo general de poder buscar la protección del hombre ante los casos de violencia familiar, tomando como referencia las medidas de proteccion que se le viene dando a las mujeres en la ciudad de Lima, es por ello que la presente, es buscar la equidad entre el hombre y la mujer ante los casos de violencia familiar generadas por parte de sus parejas, ex parejas, convivientes, etc. Esta investigación se genera producto de las respuestas a la problemática planteada respecto a la protección que se deberia dar a toda la familia que se encuentre atravesando problemas familiares, es por ello que uno de los objetivos principales es poder consientizar a la poblacion que un hombre tambien es victima de violencia familiar, y con ello implementar medidas certeras para la proteccion del hombre. En la presene tesis utilizamos la técnica de entrevista virtual a 130 hombres que se encuentran en la ciudad de Lima, con ella llegando a la conclusión, que, lamentablemente las medidas de protección que se brinda no se cumplen de la manera en la que esta estipula la Ley Nº 30364, Ley para prevenir, sancionar y erradicar la violencia contra las mujeres y los integrantes del grupo familiar, existe una falta de apoyo, capacitación, ejecución por parte del Poder Judicial, Policia Nacional del Perú, y las entidades respectivas que intervien en los casos de violencia familiar.
SPLASH: Nuevos sistemas de rehabilitación robótica autoadaptativos y multimodales en entornos de apo
Authors: Reig Lozano Asier , Garcia-Aracil Nicolas
Published: July 2023

El concepto SPLASH se basa en un concepto novedoso para investigar cómo realizar terapias de rehabilitación asistidas por dispositivos robóticos sumergidos en un tanque de agua en el que se controlan.
Integrability and entanglement in quantum systems
Authors: Ramos Reina Isaac , González López Artemio
Published: July 2023

Integrability, the Calogero model and its different versions and computation of the partition function of the PF spin chain via the "freezing trick". Entanglement and entanglement entropy. Application to a block of the XX spin chain.
Understanding Spanish University Students’ Monitoring Failures and Regulatory Actions When Reading in EFL
Authors: Calvo Valiente Juan José , Gómez López Ángela , Morón Olivares Eva
Published: July 2023

The present paper analyses the reasons for comprehension monitoring failure and the regulatory actions performed by Spanish university students when reading in English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Two different but connected empirical studies were conducted to obtain data about students’ behaviour during a reading task. In Study 1, comprehension monitoring was assessed following the Error Detection Paradigm. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted to analyse subjects’ regulatory actions. In Study 2, a questionnaire was proposed to classify subjects’ detection X regulation actions when reading in EFL. Results showed that participants’ comprehension monitoring level was not very high according to other literature findings. Moreover, the lack of language proficiency could imply additional processing and monitoring difficulties. The questionnaire accounted for a great percentage of participants’ behaviour: semantic obstacles, spurious detections, no re-reading, skip information or no detection. Knowing students’ reading obstacles is necessary for teachers and practitioners in order to help students become effective readers.
Reprogrammable Magnetic Soft Robots Based on Low Melting Alloys
Authors: Chen Gangsheng , Ma Biao , Zhang Jin , Chen Yi , Liu Hong
Published: July 2023

Magnetic soft robots featuring untethered actuation and high mechanical compliance have promising applications ranging from bionics to biomedicine. However, their fixed magnetization profiles pose a challenge for adaptive shape transformation in unpredictable environments and dynamic tasks. Herein, a reprogrammable magnetic soft composite is reported by encapsulating magnetic neodymium–iron–boron microparticles with low melting alloy (LMA) and embedding them into the elastomer. Utilizing the phase transition of the LMA, the magnetic microparticles can be reoriented under an external magnetic field and they can be immobilized through LMA solidification, allowing the robot to obtain a new magnetization profile corresponding to its temporary shape. By changing the LMA composition, the robot with multiple programming temperatures can be fabricated and its local magnetization profiles can be selectively programmed in different temperature ranges. A bioinspired crawler with multimode locomotion, a reconfigurable robotic gripper capable of adaptable grasping, and reconfigurable electronic circuits are also demonstrated. This work may pave the way for the next‐generation magnetic soft robots and reconfigurable devices.
Improving energy efficiency of ground thermal energy systems by reducing drag inside pipes
Authors: Saeki Takashi , Kaide Aya , Nagasaka Shigeyuki
Published: July 2023

At specified depths, ground temperature remains almost constant at 15°C, above atmospheric temperatures in winter and below those in summer. Ground thermal energy systems technology circulates water or brine through a heat‐collection tube buried underground and uses the ground thermal energy for air conditioning. However, depending on the facility, the total length of the heat‐collection tube can be several hundred meters. As a result, the pump can require significant electric power. In this study, we adopted a drag‐reduction technique using a cationic surfactant and a counter‐ion system. The optimal addition conditions of additives were investigated with a laboratory‐grade device. We also investigated corrosion inhibitors that do not interfere with the drag‐reduction effect. According to demonstration tests using practical ground thermal energy systems at two locations in Japan, we found that pump power consumption could be reduced by 10%–20% with suitable additive conditions.
A replication and extension of the augmented competing stimulus assessment
Authors: Frank‐Crawford Michelle A. , Hagopian Louis P. , Schmidt Jonathan D. , Kaur Jasmeen , Hanlin Courtney , Piersma Drew E.
Published: July 2023

Augmenting competing stimulus assessments by embedding tactics to increase stimulus engagement and disrupt challenging behavior can improve outcomes of treatments for automatically maintained self‐injurious behavior, even for treatment‐resistant subtypes. This study replicated and extended research on augmented competing stimulus assessments by reporting outcomes for 16 consecutively encountered cases with automatically maintained self‐injurious behavior (19 total applications); six participants had treatment‐responsive Subtype 1 and 10 had treatment‐resistant Subtypes 2 or 3. Fewer high‐competition stimuli were identified for individuals with treatment‐resistant subtypes. When response‐promotion and disruption tactics were applied and withdrawn, outcomes improved for six of eight applications. At least one high‐competition stimulus was still effective when maintenance probes were conducted for a subset of participants. Ultimately, at least one high‐competition stimulus was identified for each participant. Although augmenting tactics may not be necessary for all individuals, these findings provide additional support for their efficacy with treatment‐resistant self‐injurious behavior.
Optimization of reversed‐phase solid‐phase extraction for shotgun proteomics analysis
Authors: Bugyi Fanni , Turiák Lilla , Drahos László , Tóth Gábor
Published: July 2023

Reversed‐phase solid‐phase extraction (SPE) is the method of choice for the purification of proteomics samples. Even though the efficacy of SPE methods is sample type‐dependent, the manufacturers' protocols are used in most studies. Using an optimized SPE method can lead to a substantial gain in identification and recovery. In this tutorial, we give a brief introduction to the most important parameters influencing SPE performance, and we present a short workflow (16 measurements) for optimizing the SPE procedure. This is complemented by method performance assessment instructions and a short troubleshooting guide to help users further understand and investigate their SPE methods.
Long‐Term Perceived Benefit of Pediatric Cochlear Implant Users with Unilateral Hearing Loss
Authors: Hicks Kayla B. , Park Lisa R. , Brown Kevin D. , Dillon Margaret T.
Published: July 2023

Objective

To assess the perceived benefit of cochlear implant (CI) use for children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) and evaluate whether perceived abilities are associated with performance on measures of speech recognition and spatial hearing.

Method

Nineteen children with moderate‐to‐profound UHL underwent cochlear implantation. The Speech Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Questionnaire modified for children (SSQ‐C) were completed by parental proxy pre‐operatively and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months post‐activation. Linear mixed models evaluated perceived benefits over the study period. Pearson correlations assessed the association between subjective report and performance on measures of word recognition with the CI alone and spatial hearing (speech recognition in spatially‐separated noise and sound source localization) in the combined condition (CI plus contralateral ear).

Results

For the SSQ‐C, parents reported significant improvements with CI use as compared to pre‐operative perceptions (p < 0.001); improved perceptions were either maintained or continued to improve over the 2‐year post‐activation period. Perceived benefit did not significantly correlate with word recognition with the CI alone or spatial hearing outcomes in the combined condition.

Conclusion

Families of children with UHL observed benefits of CI use early after cochlear implantation that was maintained with long‐term device use. Responses to subjective measures may broaden our understanding of the experiences of pediatric CI users with UHL in addition to outcomes on typical measures of CI performance.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 134:919–925, 2024
Peptide‐Based Optical/Electronic Materials: Assembly and Recent Applications in Biomedicine, Sensing, and Energy Storage
Authors: Tian Yajie , Li Jieling , Wang Anhe , Li Qi , Jian Honglei , Bai Shuo
Published: July 2023

The unique optical and electronic properties of living systems are impressive. Peptide‐based supramolecular self‐assembly systems attempt to mimic these properties by preparation optical/electronic function materials with specific structure through simple building blocks, rational molecular design, and specific kinetic stimulation. From the perspective of building blocks and assembly strategies, the unique optical and electronic properties of peptide‐based nanostructures, including peptides self‐assembly and peptides regulate the assembly of external function subunits, are systematically reviewed. Additionally, their applications in biomedicine, sensing, and energy storage are also highlighted. This bioinspired peptide‐based function material is one of the hot candidates for the new generation of green intellect materials, with many advantages such as biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, and adjustable morphology.
Antithrombotic therapy with Transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Dobesh Paul P. , Goldsweig Andrew M.
Published: July 2023

Aortic valve replacement is a necessary management strategy for patients with severe aortic stenosis. The use of transaortic valve replacement (TAVR) has increased significantly over the last decade and now exceeds traditional surgical aortic valve replacement. Since the valve systems used in TAVR consist of bioprosthetic valve tissue encased in a metal stent frame, antithrombotic therapy recommendations cannot be extrapolated from prior data with differently constructed surgical bioprosthetic or mechanical valves. Data on the use of antithrombotic therapy with TAVR are a rapidly developing area of medicine. Choice of agents depends on several patient factors. Patients undergoing TAVR also have a relatively high incidence of subclinical valve thrombosis. The clinical impact of this phenomenon and the implications for antithrombotic therapy continue to evolve. It is critical for clinicians who treat patients undergoing TAVR to have a firm understanding of practice guidelines, the evolving evidence, and its implications for the use of antithrombotic therapy in these patients.
A novel mitochondria‐targeting compound exerts therapeutic effects against melanoma by inducing mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis and autophagy in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Bai Jun , Wang Hailan , Li Chenwen , Liu Li , Wang Jianv , Sun Changzhen , Zhang Qingbi
Published: July 2023

Melanoma is the most invasive skin cancer, with a high mortality rate. However, existing therapeutic drugs have side effects, low reactivity, and lead to drug resistance. As the power source in cells, mitochondria play an important role in the survival of cancer cells and are an important target for tumor therapy. This study aimed to develop a new anti‐melanoma compound that targets mitochondria, evaluate its effect on the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma cells, and explore its mechanism of action. The novel mitochondria‐targeting compound, SCZ0148, was synthesized by modifying the structure of cyanine. Then, A375 and B16 cells were incubated with different concentrations of SCZ0148, and different doses of SCZ0148 were administered to A375 and B16 xenograft zebrafish. The results showed that SCZ0148 targeted mitochondria, had dose‐ and time‐dependent effects on the proliferation of melanoma cell lines, and had no obvious side effects on normal cells. In addition, SCZ0148 induced melanoma cell apoptosis through the reactive oxygen species‐mediated mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and promoted autophagy. SCZ0148 significantly inhibited the migration of melanoma cells via a matrix metalloprotein 9‐mediated pathway. Similarly, SCZ0148 inhibited melanoma cell proliferation in a concentration‐dependent manner in vivo. In summary, SCZ0148 may be a novel anti‐melanoma compound that targets mitochondria.
Hydrogeochemical modelling of groundwater in a fractured Carboniferous sandstone aquifer
Authors: Jagert Felix , Immenhauser Adrian , Wohnlich Stefan
Published: July 2023

Deep groundwater monitoring in tight bedrock is not commonly performed and rarely documented. For a case study in Bochum, NRW, deep monitoring wells allow groundwater investigation in the outcropping Carboniferous down to a depth of 186 m. Groundwater monitoring was carried out by combining sampling of the monitoring wells and local springs at the site. Inverse models were developed using the hydrogeochemical code PHREEQC to understand the natural geochemical processes of deep groundwater in the coal-bearing sandstone. The identified hydrogeochemical processes are pyrite oxidation in shallow fracture systems and Na-Ca/Mg cation exchange in deep fracture systems. Core samples reveal fractures containing Fe-dolomite and calcite cements. A freshening process dominates the deep fractured rocks, where fresh water is flushing a saline aquifer. The data presented here support the planning of further monitoring wells and help to improve future modelling approaches.
An efficient way to calculate contact pattern movement coefficients
Authors: Fingerle Andreas , Otto Michael , Stahl Karsten
Published: July 2023

Planetary gearboxes are often used for their efficiency and high torque density. In large-scale wind turbine gearboxes with a rotating planet carrier, an effect called contact pattern movement was discovered where the contact pattern moves in the width direction of the mesh while the carrier rotates. A coefficient to evaluate this behavior was previously defined but its calculation requires a lot of computation time and accurate measurements can potentially be very expensive. Therefore in this publication an approach is developed to calculate an approximate contact pattern coefficient from a limited amount of data.
On the detection of lateral movement through supervised machine learning and an open-source tool to create turnkey datasets from Sysmon logs
Authors: Smiliotopoulos Christos , Kambourakis Georgios , Barbatsalou Konstantia
Published: July 2023

Lateral movement (LM) is a principal, increasingly common, tactic in the arsenal of advanced persistent threat (APT) groups and other less or more powerful threat actors. It concerns techniques that enable a cyberattacker, after establishing a foothold, to maintain ongoing access and penetrate further into a network in quest of prized booty. This is done by moving through the infiltrated network and gaining elevated privileges using an assortment of tools. Concentrating on the MS Windows platform, this work provides the first to our knowledge holistic methodology supported by an abundance of experimental results towards the detection of LM via supervised machine learning (ML) techniques. We specifically detail feature selection, data preprocessing, and feature importance processes, and elaborate on the configuration of the ML models used. A plethora of ML techniques are assessed, including 10 base estimators, one ensemble meta-estimator, and five deep learning models. Vis-à-vis the relevant literature, and by considering a highly unbalanced dataset and a multiclass classification problem, we report superior scores in terms of the F1 and AUC metrics, 99.41% and 99.84%, respectively. Last but not least, as a side contribution, we offer a publicly available, open-source tool, which can convert Windows system monitor logs to turnkey datasets, ready to be fed into ML models.
Hidden Hunger and Hidden Danger: Regional Gradients in Rice Grain Nutrient Elements, Vitamins B and E and Toxicants Arsenic and Cadmium Along a North–South Transect of Western Bangladesh
Authors: Meharg Andrew A. , Carey Manus , Ralphs Kathryn , McCreanor Coalain , Rahman Mukhlesur , Hussain Mahmud , Islam M. Rafiqul , Meharg Caroline
Published: July 2023

Here is presented a study to investigate the geographic variation in rice grain nutrients (trace and macro-elements and vitamins) and toxicants (arsenic species and cadmium) across a contiguous strip of 36 districts that constitute western Bangladesh. The survey collected ~ 500 market rice samples, averaging 15 samples and 10.7 cultivars per district. New LC-MS methods were developed for rice relevant, B and E complex compounds. Cadmium and zinc decreased southward, while copper, DMA, inorganic arsenic and oryzanols decreased northwards. There was a longitudinal gradient for iron, potassium, and vitamin B6. The greatest changes ~ twofold for cadmium and vitamin B6, and 1.5 for zinc across these gradients. The gradients may be driven by climate, geographical setting, soils, or cultivar, or a combination of all. The most obvious gradient was the transition from high to low altitude and from Pleistocene to Holocene soils as land transitioned from the upland plains of the north to sea-level in the south. Rice is a very important source of copper, phosphorus, vitamin B1, and zinc, and to a lesser extent iron, B3, B6, potassium. It is a poor source of vitamin E and calcium.
Hausdorff dimension of multidimensional multiplicative subshifts
Authors: BAN JUNG-CHAO , HU WEN-GUEI , LAI GUAN-YU
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, the Hausdorff dimension formula of the multidimensional multiplicative subshift (MMS) in
$\mathbb {N}^d$
is presented. This extends the earlier work of Kenyon et al [Hausdorff dimension for fractals invariant under multiplicative integers. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.32(5) (2012), 1567–1584] from
$\mathbb {N}$
to
$\mathbb {N}^d$
. In addition, the preceding work of the Minkowski dimension of the MMS in
$\mathbb {N}^d$
is applied to show that their Hausdorff dimension is strictly less than the Minkowski dimension. Second, the same technique allows us to investigate the multifractal analysis of multiple ergodic average in
$\mathbb {N}^d$
. Precisely, we extend the result of Fan et al, [Multifractal analysis of some multiple ergodic averages. Adv. Math.295 (2016), 271–333] of the multifractal analysis of multiple ergodic average from
$\mathbb {N}$
to
$\mathbb {N}^d$
.
Small-Scale Characterisation of Urea Hydrogen Peroxide Explosive Performance Using Heterodyne Velocimetry
Authors: Halleux F. , Stennett C. , Pons J.-F. , Wilson I. , Van Riet R. , Lefebvre M.
Published: July 2023

Urea Hydrogen Peroxide (UHP) is widely available in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. UHP exhibits the behaviour of a tertiary explosive and previous research from the same authors has highlighted its detonability at small-scale under heavy confinement. In this work, UHP performance parameters are further investigated by heterodyne velocimetry. A detonation pressure of 2.5 GPa for UHP at a mean density of 0.75 g/cm3 has been determined using the impedance window method, corresponding to a 13% TNT equivalence for brisance. This result is consistent with calculation from empirical correlations. An average 3200 m/s detonation velocity was recorded using contact probes, in excellent agreement with measurements from passive optical probes. This small-scale experimental campaign, which is complementary to and consistent with previous research, has proven useful to characterise the performances of non-ideal explosives for risk assessment purposes.
Experimental Observation and Modelling of Contained Detonations of PE4: What is the Influence of Afterburn?
Authors: Speak T. , Woolford S. , Farrimond D. , Christopher I. , Barr A. , Portius P. , Tyas A.
Published: July 2023

Accurate modelling of free-field detonations needs to account for both the initial energy release and gas generation, and the subsequent reaction of the initial detonation products with external oxygen. An upper limit for the extent of ‘afterburn’ can be ascertained from comparison of contained blasts in reactive (air) and inert (nitrogen) bath gases. The peak quasistatic pressures (QSP) and the gas phase products were determined in a 0.276 m3 blast chamber following detonations of the plastic explosive PE4. The experimental observations were compared to predictions based on standard models, CEA and EXPLO5. The best agreement between models and experiment, for both products and QSPs, was obtained from the Springall-Roberts treatment of detonation products in nitrogen, and complete combustion of these in air.
The Role of Pressure-Dependent Viscoplasticity and Volumetric Dilatation in Energetic Materials at Intermediate Strain Rates
Authors: Brown J. A. , Beckwith F. , Wolf K. T. , Cooper M. , Vignes C. , Long K.
Published: July 2023

The mechanical behavior of energetic aggregate materials (polymer bonded explosives, propellants, etc.) at low to intermediate strain rates is a complex function of the material constituents, manufacturing methods, and microstructure morphology. Shear-induced volumetric dilatation, similar to the characteristic behavior of granular materials and soils, can play a key role to open up porosity in the microstructure, particularly when the material is under some degree of confinement. We present a continuum modelling approach that accounts for this phenomena via a pressure-dependent viscoplastic extension to the classical ViscoSCRAM [1] constitutive model and use it to study the role of shear-induced dilatation in confined and unconfined material at a variety of strain rates. Modeling results are compared with intermediate strain rate Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar experiments and show good agreement between predicted and measured stresses.
Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Energetic Nitrobis(Pyrazolyl)Benzenes
Authors: Portius P. , Adams M. , Cross M. , Roseveare T.
Published: July 2023

Two new energetic nitroaromatic compounds, 1,4-bis(1H-pyrazol-4'-yl)-2,5-dinitrobenzene (H2dpzb(NO2)2) and 1,4-bis(1H-3',5'-dinitropyrazol-4'-yl)-2,5-dinitrobenzene (H2dpzb(NO2)6), were prepared by nitration of 1,4-bis(1H-pyrazol-4'-yl)benzene (H2dpzb) with mixed acid. H2dpzb(NO2)x were isolated as yellow powders in moderate yields. They are stable under ambient conditions, soluble in dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide, but poorly soluble in weakly coordinating solvents, and deflagrate in the heat. Both compounds have been characterised by 1H, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopies as well as by X-ray crystallography. H2dpzb(NO2)x crystallise readily as impact-insensitive dmso or thf solvates. Due to steric crowding at the (pyrazolyl group)–(benzene) bonds, H2dpzb(NO2)x adopt a twisted molecular geometry with extended (x = 2) or localised intermolecular hydrogen-bonding (x = 6) that involve the pyrazolyl H atoms and solvent of crystallisation. H2dpzb(NO2)6 reacts with base to form crystalline [B-H]2[dpzb(NO2)6], B = NEt3, which possesses remarkably high density ([B-H]2[dpzb(NO2)6]), or a powder consisting of Na2dpzb(NO2)6 (B = NaHCO3, crystallised as the coordination polymer Na(dmso)(dpzb(NO2)6). A mixture of H2dpzb(NO2)6, Zn(NO3)2, NEt3, dmso and water afforded the coordination compound [Zn(κ(O)-dmso)6]2[dpzb(NO2)6.
Impact and Friction Sensitivities of Petn During Manufacture
Authors: Lenz T. , Klapötke T. M. , Stierstorfer J. , Mühlemann M. , Lemarchand G. , Weber R.
Published: July 2023

The tetranitrate of pentaerythritol, PETN, is used as booster explosive, in detonation cords or detonators. Industrial production has been steadily optimized since the 1930’s, but accidents still occur on plants. In this work, the impact and friction sensitivity of PETN during manufacture is investigated. For this purpose, a laboratory reactor was developed together with BIAZZI S.A. and Austin Powder Technology GmbH. The conditions are kept as close as possible to the industrial standard. The content of dipentaerythritol in the starting material is varied from 0.1 to 1.3% as usual in the industry. BAM impact and friction instruments are used to analyze dry and wet (up to 35%) samples from the filter. The results will be used to assist in the design of new equipment and to help the equipment operator to be able to correctly assess the danger of the material.
Spatially Resolved Detonation Pressure Data From Rate Sticks
Authors: Thomas D. J. , Sutton B. D. , Ferguson J. W. , Price E.
Published: July 2023

Quantifying how, and if, the pressure varies across a propagating detonation wave front is a parameter of interest. To investigate this phenomenon three 30 mm diameter rate stick experiments were performed. These used a TATBbased explosive with a density of 1.903 ± 0.003 g cm-3. Rate sticks measure the velocity of detonation (VoD) and detonation wave shape of an explosive in the same experiment, typically using time of arrival diagnostics and a streak camera. In this work instead of using a streak camera to interrogate the shape of the detonation wave as it breaks out from the end of the cylinder, an array of 15 Heterodyne velocimetry (HetV) probes was fielded. Although HetV probes have lower spatiotemporal resolution than a streak camera, this setup meant it was possible to determine the VoD, wave shape and pressure in the same experiment. The pressure was inferred from the velocity measurements made by each of the probes through a Kel-F 800 window. The probe jump-off times were combined with the VoD, measured using electrical time of arrival diagnostics, to determine the wave shape. The data from these rate sticks will be presented and comparisons made to previous datasets.
Assessment of the Constant Shock-Velocity Assumption Used in the Analysis of One-Dimensional Overdriven Detonation Plate Impact Experiments
Authors: Scott T. W. , Whitworth N. J. , Lambourn B. D.
Published: July 2023

When a pressure higher than the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) pressure is generated in an explosive, an overdriven detonation state occurs with the wave having a velocity greater than the CJ detonation speed. Overdriven states in explosives are commonly studied via high-velocity plate impact gas-gun experiments. During their analysis, it is common practice to assume a constant shock velocity determined by the explosive length and the time for the overdriven wave to pass through it. However, this ignores any induction time for the non-reacted shock wave entering the explosive to rapidly react and reach the final overdriven detonation state. In this paper the validity of the constant shock-velocity assumption used in the interpretation of the overdriven experimental results is assessed. This is carried out by comparing measured overdriven data, for the HMX-based explosive PBX 9501 and the TATB-based explosive PBX 9502, with corresponding steady-state velocities obtained from modelling relevant gas-gun shots in a one-dimensional hydrocode with the CREST reactive burn model. The CREST models for PBX 9501 and PBX 9502 included overdriven detonation data in their respective calibrations. For both explosives, the CREST model predicts an initial non-linear shock velocity prior to stabilising at steady state. By comparing the CREST-calculated and experimentally measured overdriven Hugoniots, constant shock-velocity assumption is found to be valid except for low-pressure overdriven PBX 9502 data. Therefore, when calibrating models in the overdriven detonation regime, experimental data points require validation as to whether the recorded shock velocity accurately represents the steady-state condition, and to calibrate each point accordingly.
Maximum Likelihood Analysis of Critical Energy Initiation Criterion
Authors: Maisey M. P.
Published: July 2023

Critical initiation criteria, such as P2T, predict the response of high explosives undergoing limited duration shock loading, specifically if a shock to detonation transition (SDT) will occur. Determination of the fitting parameters required by critical initiation criteria is generally done by subject matter expert (SME) judgement, or occasionally, inappropriate application of least-squares fitting. Adopting a maximum likelihood estimation approach to the fitting of critical initiation criteria offers significant benefits over SME judgement or leastsquares fitting. Specific benefits include transforming the criteria from deterministic to probabilistic tools, robust accounting of outliers, and consistent and explicable generation of parameters.
BINOL and triazole-containing Janus rings and 29-8-29-membered tricyclic ladder-type hybridized siloxane: application in the fluorescence sensing of anions
Authors: Zheng Zhanjiang , Yagafarov Niyaz , Xu Zheng , Ouali Armelle , Takeda Nobuhiro , Liu Yujia , Unno Masafumi
Published: July 2023

A new BINOL and triazole containing 29-8-29-membered tricyclic ladder type siloxane was prepared.
CaZn(HPO3)2and Ba2Zn(HPO3)3: novel alkaline-earth zincophosphites with diversified anionic frameworks
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Xia , Liu Qian-Yan , Wang Jian-Hua , Hu Ting , Lin Yan-Mei , Zhang Jian-Han
Published: July 2023

Two novel alkaline-earth zincophosphites, CaZn(HPO3)2and Ba2Zn(HPO3)3, with diversified anionic frameworks were successfully synthesized. CaZn(HPO3)2represents the first example of an alkaline-earth zincophosphite with a 3D anionic structure.
Co-doping of Ho–Yb ion pairs modulating the up-conversion luminescence properties of fluoride phosphors under 1550 nm excitation
Authors: Lei Bohan , Lu Liping , Sun Haiying , Zhang Xiyan , Bai Zhaohui , Mi Xiaoyun
Published: July 2023

Upconversion energy level transition diagram on the Er3+-Ho3+-Yb3+ triple-doped system under 1550 nm excitation and Schematic diagram of energy transfer between Er3+-Ho3+-Yb3+ ions.
Visible-light-induced arylationviaan electron–donor–acceptor complex: a catalyst-free approach for the synthesis ofN-(hetero)aryl sulfonamides
Authors: Kamal Arsala , Srivastava Vandana , Singh Sundaram
Published: July 2023

A catalyst-free photocatalytic strategy has been reported forN-arylation of primary and secondary sulfonamidesviaan electron–donor–acceptor complex using aryl(hetero)diazonium salts.
Crystal structure and cytotoxic activity of Cu(ii) complexes with bis-benzoxazolylhydrazone of 2,6-diacetylpyridine
Authors: Tupolova Yulia P. , Popov Leonid D. , Vlasenko Valery G. , Gishko Konstantin B. , Kapustina Anna A. , Berejnaya Alexandra G. , Golubeva Yuliya A. , Klyushova Lyubov S. , Lider Elizaveta V. , Lazarenko Vladimir A. , Bachurin Stanislav S. , Shcherbakov Igor N.
Published: July 2023

A new bis-benzoxazolylhydrazone of 2,6-diacetylpyridine and mononuclear Cu(ii) complexes based on it have been synthesized. An in vitro study showed that all Cu(ii) complexes exhibit high cytotoxic activity against the HepG2 cancer cell line.
Evaluation of exogenous therapeutic protein activity under confinement and crowding effects
Authors: Dai Jie , Peng Zhiyi , Shen Shuwei , Huang Binbin , Ren Lili , Liu Jia , Chen Chia-Hung , Chen Guoguang
Published: July 2023

Dysfunction of intracellular proteins is frequently associated with various diseases, such as cancer.
Introducing transparent peer review to RSC Advances
Authors: Fisher Laura , Cox Russell J. , Faulds Karen
Published: July 2023

RSC Advances is introducing the option of transparent peer review for authors. Editors-in-Chief Russell J. Cox and Karen Faulds, and Executive Editor Laura C. Fisher offer more detail on how this will work.
Beckenbodentherapie nach radikaler Prostatektomie bei Harninkontinenz
und erektiler Dysfunktion
Authors: Schweitzer Anna
Published: July 2023

Harninkontinenz und erektile Dysfunktion treten häufig nach einer
radikalen Prostatektomie auf. Eine spezielle prä- und postoperative
physiotherapeutische Behandlung, insbesondere Beckenbodentraining zusammen mit
sexualtherapeutischer und alltagspraktischer Beratung, verbessern diese
Komplikationen. Wichtig ist, keine Scheu vor Fragen zur Sexualität zu
haben.
Engineering Interlayer Hybridization in Energy Space via Dipolar Overlayers
Authors: Shao Bin , Jiang Xiao , Berges Jan , Meng Sheng , Huang Bing
Published: July 2023

The interlayer hybridization (IH) of van der Waals (vdW) materials is thought to be mostly associated with the unignorable interlayer overlaps of wavefunctions (t) in real space. Here, we develop a more fundamental understanding of IH by introducing a new physical quantity, the IH admixture ratio α. Consequently, an exotic strategy of IH engineering in energy space can be proposed, i.e., instead of changing t as commonly used, α can be effectively tuned in energy space by changing the on-site energy difference (2Δ) between neighboring-layer states. In practice, this is feasible via reshaping the electrostatic potential of the surface by deposing a dipolar overlayer, e.g., crystalline ice. Our first-principles calculations unveil that IH engineering via adjusting 2Δ can greatly tune interlayer optical transitions in transition-metal dichalcogenide bilayers, switch different types of Dirac surface states in Bi2Se3 thin films, and control magnetic phase transition of charge density waves in 1H/1T-TaS2 bilayers, opening new opportunities to govern the fundamental optoelectronic, topological, and magnetic properties of vdW systems beyond the traditional interlayer distance or twisting engineering.
Precise visual positioning of agricultural mobile robots with a fiducial marker reprojection approach
Authors: Zhang Wei , Gong Liang , Sun Yefeng , Gao Bishu , Yu Chenrui , Liu Chengliang
Published: July 2023

Semi-structured greenhouse environment often features repetitive and weak texture, naturally bringing challenges to high-precision vision-based positioning techniques. This paper proposes a precise visual positioning method for agricultural mobile robots in the greenhouse, which improves their positioning accuracy via discriminatively minimizing fiducial marker reprojection errors. First, fiducial markers are used to enhance environment features, and a markers-based visual positioning task is formulated as a Perspective-n-Point (PnP) problem. The projection constraints of keypoints and the pose constraints of the coordinate systems provide a theoretical basis for robot positioning. Second, a reprojection error minimization approach is proposed by taking into account the markers’ distance and image noise. Far-away markers are more prone to greater observation errors than those close to the robots, the improved PnP algorithm considering distance weighting ensures higher positioning accuracy. Synthetic and field experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Synthetic experiments show that the rotation error and translation error of the proposed method are less than 0.7° and 0.5% within a range of 12 m. The mean absolute error and root mean square error of field dynamic positioning experiments are 8.57 cm and 8.59 cm, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method is significantly better than traditional methods in dealing with distance-related noise at keypoints.