bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WRAPPING OF THE MODERATELY DILATED ASCENDING AORTA BY FRESH AUTOLOGOUS PERICARDIUM
Authors: Calafiore Antonio , Prapas Sotirios , katsavrias Kostas , Mauro Michele Di , Zografos Panayiotis , Guarracini Stefano , Papandreopoulou Stella
Published: December 2021

Background and aim of the study. Wrapping of the ascending
aorta (AA), isolated or associated with aortoplasty, has never been
completely accepted. Some complications, as folding of the aortic wall,
compression of the vasa vasorum and changes in the flow pattern, with
consequent dilatation of the proximal arch, have been described. We used
fresh autologous pericardium (FAP), so far never reported, to wrap the
AA, with the aim to stabilize its size when moderately dilated,
maintaining the preoperative dimension or limiting the reduction to a
few mm. Material and Methods. From 2015 to 2019, 10 patients,
who were operated on for valve or coronary surgery or both, underwent
wrapping of the AA with FAP. Mean age was 69±7 years and ESII 3.5±1.7.
Four patients had moderately impaired ejection fraction (35-49%).
Results. There was no early or late mortality. One patient was
reoperated on after 48 months for severe mitral regurgitation. At a
follow up of 53±14 months, a transthoracic echocardiogram showed that
the AA size reduced slightly but significantly, from 45.2±2.0 to
42.5±4.1 mm, p=0.03. The diameter of the proximal arch remained
unchanged, from 37.1±1.6 to 36.3±2.9 mm, p=0.20. Conclusions.
In presence of moderately dilated AA wrapping can be a reasonable
option. The use of FAP stabilizes the size of the aorta after a follow
up of 53 months. Maintaining a size similar to the preoperative one
avoids the complications related to the procedure.
Long evolutionary history of an emerging fungal pathogen of diverse tree species in eastern Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands
Authors: Kozhar Olga , Kim Mee-Sook , Caballero Jorge Ibarra , Klopfenstein Ned , Cannon Phil , Stewart Jane
Published: December 2021

Emerging plant pathogens have been increasing exponentially over the
last century. To address this issue, it is critical to determine whether
these pathogens are native to ecosystems or have been recently
introduced. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes
fostering emergence can help to manage their spread and predict
epidemics/epiphytotics. Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing
data, we studied genetic relationships, pathways of spread, and
evolutionary history of Phellinus noxius, an emerging
root-rotting fungus of unknown origin, in eastern Asia, Australia, and
the Pacific Islands. We analyzed patterns of genetic variation using
Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood phylogeny, populations splits and
mixtures measuring correlations in allele frequencies and genetic drift,
and finally applied coalescent based theory using Approximate Bayesian
computation (ABC) with supervised machine learning. Population structure
analyses revealed five genetic groups with signatures of complex recent
and ancient migration histories. The most probable scenario of ancient
pathogen spread is movement from ghost population to Malaysia and the
Pacific Islands, with subsequent spread to Taiwan and Australia.
Furthermore, ABC analyses indicate that P. noxius spread occurred
thousands of generations ago, contradicting previous assumptions that
this pathogen was recently introduced to multiple geographic regions.
Our results suggest that recent emergence of P. noxius in eastern
Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands is likely driven by
anthropogenic and natural disturbances, such as deforestation, land-use
change, severe weather events, and/or introduction of exotic plants.
This study provides a novel example of applying genome-wide allele
frequency data to unravel dynamics of pathogen emergence under changing
ecosystem conditions.
The feasibility evaluation of transapical saddle-shaped valved stent for transcatheter mitral valve implantation
Authors: Wu Kaiqin , Gu Shaorui , Lu Tiancheng , Dong Shengting , Dong Chenglai , Huang Haitao , Liu Zhenchuan , Zhang Xin , Zhou Yongxin
Published: December 2021

Background: Transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) is a
promising and minimally invasive treatment for high-risk mitral
regurgitation (MR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the
feasibility of a novel self-expanding valved stent for transcatheter
mitral valve implantation via apical access. Methods: A novel
self-expanding mitral valved stent system was designed and fabricated
for the in vivo evaluation. It is consists of an atrial flange and a
saddle-shaped ventricular body connected by two opposing anchors and two
opposing extensions. During the valve deployment, each anchor is
controlled by a recurrent string. TMVI was performed in ten pigs using
the valve prosthesis through the apical access to verify technical
feasibility. Echocardiography and ventricular angiography were used to
assess hemodynamic data and valve function. The surviving pigs were
sacrificed four weeks later to confirm stent deployment.
Results: Ten animals underwent transapical mitral valve
implantation with the novel mitral valved stent. Optimal valve
deployment and accurate anatomical adjustment were obtained in nine
animals. Implantation failed in one case, and the animal died one day
later due to stent mismatch. After stent implantation, the hemodynamic
parameter of other animals was stable and valve function was normal. The
mean pressure across the mitral valve and left ventricular outflow tract
(LVOT) were 2.98±0.91mmHg and 3.42±0.66 mmHg, respectively. The
macroscopic evaluation confirmed the stable and secure positioning of
the stents in the mitral valve. No obvious valve displacement, embolism,
and paravalvular leakage were observed four weeks after valve
implantation. Conclusions: This study proved that the novel
mitral valved valve stent is technically feasible in animals. This
device features opposing anchors, opposing recurrent strings, and
saddle-like ventricular portions, providing structural design details
for reducing TMVI complications. However, the long-term feasibility and
durability of this valved stent need to be improved and verified.
Physiological roles and pathological involvement of protease activated receptors in renal diseases: Therapeutic advances and challenges
Authors: Bagang Newly , Gupta Kirti , Mehan Sidharth , Singh Gaaminepreet
Published: December 2021

Studies have demonstrated that protease activated receptors (PARs) with
four subtypes (PAR1-4) are mainly expressed in the renal epithelial,
endothelial and podocyte cells. Evidently, the PAR-1 and PAR-2 have
shown differential therapeutic outcomes in rodent models of type-1 and
type-2 diabetic kidney diseases due to distinct etiological basis of
each disease type. Both PAR-1 and PAR-2 blockers/knock-out have
abolished the drug-induced nephrotoxicity in rodents by suppression of
tubular inflammation and fibrosis. Notably, PAR-2 inhibition was found
to improve autophagy in the urethral obstruction model. Only the PAR-1/4
subtypes have emerged as a therapeutic target for the treatment of
experimentally induced nephrotic syndrome where their respective
antibodies attenuated the podocyte apoptosis. So far the PAR-2/PAR-4
subtypes involvement has been tested in sepsis acute kidney injury and
renal ischemia-reperfusion model. This review discusses the existing
gaps, therapeutic advances and future perspectives related to the roles
of different PARs in kidney diseases.
Autoatención y automedicación: reflexiones y retos desde la ontología del ser social
Authors: Molina-Aguilar Jorge
Published: December 2021

La autoatención, aunque la mayor parte del tiempo se considera como un problema de salud públi­ca, también puede ser considerada un acto de empoderamiento y contrahegemonía; sobretodo, si se toma en consideración la autonomía de los individuos para aliviar y comprender una enfermedad o padecimiento. En el contexto institucional de la atención de la salud, la autoatención se convierte en un espacio donde conviven diversos tipos de instituciones, saberes y representaciones. Por lo ante­rior, los actores sociales que practican autoatención resignifican y descentralizan la práctica médica y el conocimiento científico. Una parte de esas prácticas es la automedicación. El objetivo de este artículo es explicar cómo la autoatención y la automedicación son parte de la vida cotidiana de los individuos, y cómo esta práctica no se limita a un ámbito médico; en cambio, propone ubicar la prác­tica de autoatención como parte de una discusión más amplia que tiene base en la ontología del ser social expresada en categorías como el hogar y lo cotidiano. Se plantean retos que requieren pensar en la autoatención y la automedicación desde un pluralismo disciplinar que va desde la antropología y la sociología médica, hasta la economía de la salud, la psicología y la farmacología. Se reflexiona en el hogar como primer espacio real de atención, donde se expresan prácticas laicas y tácticas mi­crosubersivas; el cotidiano como un reflejo de aspectos históricos, sociales, coyunturales, políticos, ambientales, entre otros. Se plantea un modelo atención más allá del consultorio, lo vestal o privado, trasciende la idea del antiguo consultorio.
Aplicación y evaluación de la eficacia del Protocolo Unificado transdiagnóstico con estudiantes universitarios españoles
Authors: Arrigoni Flavia , Marchena-Consejero Esperanza , Navarro-Guzmán José
Published: December 2021

Se presenta aplicación y evaluación del Protocolo Unificado Transdiagnóstico para los trastornosemocionales grupal, online sincrónico a estudiantes universitarios que solicitaron atención alServicio de Atención Psicológica de la Universidad de Cádiz. Se implementó el Protocolo Unificadode ocho módulos desarrollado en 12 sesiones semanales con el objetivo de examinar su eficacia enun formato grupal online. Los objetivos específi cos fueron los siguientes: Incrementar la calidad devida, el optimismo y el afecto positivo y disminuir la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa, el afectonegativo, las conductas rumiativas, el malestar psicológico y la evitación experiencial. La investigacióntuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo e interactivo, con un diseño cuasi-experimental,pre–post test para muestras pareadas. Los instrumentos de evaluación fueron los siguientes:OASIS, ODSIS, QLI-Sp, COP, PANAS, RRS, CORE-OM, BEAQ, ficha sociodemográfica ad hoc yuna Escala de satisfacción/opinión. Participaron nueve estudiantes con una edad promedio de 21.11.Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las mediciones pre y pos test en afectonegativo (t = 3.250; p < .012) y en la escala Riesgo del CORE OM (t = 2.401; p < .043). La aplicacióndel PU en formato grupal online resultó eficaz en el contexto no clínico aplicado: los participantesevidenciaron un progreso en el tratamiento y mejoras en las variables en estudio.
Cuerpo, género e identidades. (Re)visiones a partir de la Psicología institucional
Authors: Velázquez María E.
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se revisan las significaciones imaginarias sociales centrales de género, cuerpo e identidad a partir de la metodología característica de la psicología institucional. Esta es considerada un campo profesional y una perspectiva de construcción de conocimiento aplicable a cualquier ámbito, lo que la convierte en especialmente apropiada para visibilizar la forma en que funciona la construcción colectiva de las significaciones imaginarias sociales, que influyen sobre los modos de hacer y entender la realidad. Se realiza un breve recorrido histórico sobre los conceptos tradicionales de género, cuerpo e identidad y también se intenta dar cuenta de algunas posibles derivas, que se plantean en la actualidad, a partir de su cuestionamiento y deconstrucción. Se trata de visibilizar cómo funcionan estos sentidos y las transformaciones que han sufrido a lo largo del tiempo. Al ser significaciones de primer orden, los sentidos asociados al género, cuerpo e identidad condicionan los modos de hacer en las prácticas profesionales y en la vida corriente. Si estos se sostienen sobre categorías sociales heteronormativas, binarias y cis-sexuales, se entiende cómo han influido en los modos particulares de concebir las conceptualizaciones básicas de la Psicología al patologizar la diferencia y vulnerar los derechos humanos de las disidencias sexuales. Es urgente la revisión de la disciplina desde una perspectiva de género. Este trabajo da el puntapié inicial e invita a que se continúe con otras conceptualizaciones básicas.
DESIGN DE APLICAÇÕES DIGITAIS ORIENTADAS PELO USO DE HUMAN-CENTERED MACHINE LEARNING (HCML): CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A EXPERIÊNCIA DO USUÁRIO EM PLATAFORMAS DE STREAMING DE JOGOS A PARTIR DO PROCESSO DE REDESIGN DA TWITCH
Authors: Mulling Tobias Tessmann , Garcia Paulo Ricardo Quevedo
Published: December 2021

O uso de Aprendizado de Máquina (Machine Learning - ML) tem sido cada vez mais presente em diversas aplicações, especialmente em recomendação de conteúdo em plataformas de streaming. No entanto, por vezes a automatização proporcionada pelo aprendizado de máquina pode vir a impactar negativamente a experiência do usuário, fazendo com que este não tenha mais um controle sobre qual conteúdo deseja ter acesso, gerado a partir de um ciclo vicioso de recomendações baseadas em preferências de uso. O Human-Centered Machine Learning (HCML) visa prover alternativas para que o aprendizado de máquina (ML) possa permitir um controle explícito ao usuário, em contraposição a um aprendizado implícito. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar o potencial da aplicabilidade do HCML e otimização da navegação no redesign da Twitch, uma plataforma de streaming de jogos eletrônicos. Deste modo, realizou-se uma análise da interface da plataforma tendo como base o design de navegação, identificando possíveis alternativas adaptadas a partir da premissa estabelecida pelo HCML.
COMUNIDADES DE PRÁTICA LOCAIS DO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: PROPOSIÇÃO DE UMA FERRAMENTA DE ANÁLISE
Authors: Valois Raquel Sousa , Sasseron Lúcia Helena
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo teórico apresentamos uma ferramenta analítica construída a partir de referenciais que defendem a aprendizagem a partir da constituição de comunidades de prática (Lave & Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 2016; Wenger, McDermot, & Snyder, 2016) e do desenvolvimento de práticas científicas (Duschl, 2008; Stroupe, 2014). A elaboração da ferramenta aconteceu por processo de estudos bibliográficos e proposição de relações entre eles considerando o contexto de formação inicial de professores que ensinarão Ciências. A ferramenta “Comunidades de Práticas Locais do Ensino de Ciências” (CoPLEC) foi proposta a partir de questões que perpassam elementos importantes destacados nos estudos sobre comunidades de prática e sobre ensino de ciências como prática social. Estas questões tratam das finalidades das atividades de estágio expressas pelos estudantes; do envolvimento coletivo, compartilhamento e legitimação de práticas e normas sociais ocorridas em estágio; dos conhecimentos considerados, partilhados e legitimados no desenvolvimento das atividades; e dos recursos utilizados durante planejamento e realização do estágio. A partir da proposição da ferramenta deve ser possível caracterizar e analisar o envolvimento de licenciandos em comunidades de prática durante o estágio em ensino de ciências.
Conceptual Fields and Magnetic Field: a theoretical model for epistemological classification of tasks in magnetostatics
Authors: Pantoja Glauco Cohen Ferreira
Published: December 2021

This work presents a theoretical model for epistemological classification of tasks in magnetostatics aimed at High School and Higher Education. The approach is based on the theory of conceptual fields and includes classification in terms of thought operations necessary to solve the tasks and in these situations’ parameters. Four primary classes of situations are proposed, namely, description of magnetic interactions, analogic symbolization of magnetic fields, non-analogic symbolization of magnetic fields and calculation of magnetic fields. These classes cannot be reduced one to another, however they can occur simultaneously in the same task. Each one was subdivided in secondary classes of situations based on parameters they can assume and ordered by epistemological complexity. As contributions for physics teaching research this work offers a theoretical-methodological model for analyzing students’ progression in the conceptual field of magnetostatics, a conceptual structure for building situations based on predicative and operational competences for understanding the concept of magnetic field, and a practical example of epistemological classification of situations that can be adapted for other areas of Science like Quantum Mechanics, for example.
Zachowania i preferencje turystów biznesowych odwiedzających Warszawę
Authors: Zawadka Jan , Tomaszek Karolina
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie istoty turystyki biznesowej, a także scharakteryzowanie zachowań i preferencji turystów biznesowych odwiedzających Warszawę. Wykorzystanymi metodami badawczymi były analiza literatury oraz sondaż diagnostyczny. Badania ankietowe przeprowadzono w lutym 2020 roku na próbie 90 osób odwiedzających Warszawę w celach biznesowych. Na podstawie wyników badań wywnioskowano, iż przyjazdy biznesowe respondentów do Warszawy odbywają się w większości kilkukrotnie w ciągu roku, a średnia długość pobytu wynosi zazwyczaj dwa dni. Zależność między porą roku a częstotliwością przyjazdów służbowych do Warszawy jest znikoma. Przeważająca część badanych postrzega stolicę Polski jako atrakcyjną destynację turystyki biznesowej, która posiada odpowiednią infrastrukturę do organizacji spotkań biznesowych.
Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie poziomu przedsiębiorczości w gminach wiejskich województwa łódzkiego
Authors: Dziemdziela Paweł , Krzyżanowska Krystyna
Published: December 2021

Celem opracowania było rozpoznanie poziomu przedsiębiorczości w gminach wiejskich województwa łódzkiego, a także wskazanie zależności między wskaźnikiem przedsiębiorczości a odległością jednostek przestrzennych od ośrodków gospodarczych. Przyjęto, że głównymi ośrodkami gospodarczymi województwa łódzkiego są miasta powiatowe: Bełchatów, Brzeziny, Kutno, Łask, Łęczyca, Łowicz, Łódź, Opoczno, Pabianice, Pajęczno, Piotrków Trybunalski, Poddębice, Radomsko, Rawa Mazowiecka, Sieradz, Skierniewice, Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Wieluń, Wieruszów, Zduńska Wola i Zgierz. Wskaźnik przedsiębiorczości został określony jako liczba podmiotów gospodarczych zarejestrowanych w systemie REGON w przeliczeniu na 10 tys. ludności w wieku produkcyjnym. Przyjęta odległość gmin wiejskich od ośrodków gospodarczych została wyrażona jako najkrótsze odległości drogowe. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, że istnieje statystycznie istotna zależność między poziomem przedsiębiorczości w badanych gminach wiejskich województwa łódzkiego a ich oddaleniem od głównego ośrodka gospodarczego – wraz ze wzrostem odległości maleje liczba podmiotów gospodarczych.
Kierunki aktywności kół gospodyń wiejskich
Authors: Olejniczak Wioletta
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu było poznanie głównych działań podejmowanych przez Koła Gospodyń Wiejskich (KGW), a także ich wkładu w rozwój lokalny. W pracy wykorzystano pierwotne oraz wtórne materiały źródłowe. Źródła wtórne to literatura naukowa w zakresie rozwoju lokalnego oraz ustawy, które odnoszą się do poruszanego problemu. Źródła pierwotne to wyniki badań jakościowych przeprowadzonych z użyciem techniki wywiadu swobodnego z członkiniami oraz przewodniczącymi KGW. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań można stwierdzić, że KGW spełniają tradycyjne role, takie jak podtrzymanie tradycji ludowych i folklorystycznych, ale również podejmują nowe wyzwania: organizację imprez sportowych, sesji fotograficznych, czy sprzątanie swoich miejscowości. Wszystkie te działania mają wspólny cel, którym jest aktywizacja społeczności lokalnej oraz poprawa jakości ich życia.
Advancing Financial Reporting in the Age of Technology: An Interview with Robert H. Herz
Authors: Herz Robert H , Pei Duo
Published: December 2021

This paper is based on an interview on January 9, 2020, with Robert H. (Bob) Herz, the former two-term chairman of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, on how the environment for business reporting has evolved and how it may continue to evolve. Bob Herz has also held decision-making positions as a part-time member of the IASB and on the board of the SASB. In this interview, we discuss a pragmatic reporting model suited to the era of Big Data and technology. We also explain the different interests of the reporting process, including the standard-setters, preparers, auditors, and users. The main idea of this paper focuses on how to incorporate Big Data and technology into reporting models working within the current framework and needs of the stakeholders. We then outline several use cases that illustrate a refined reporting model using Big Data and technology.
9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022
Authors:   American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee
Published: December 2021

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Kehamilan Ektopik
Authors: Widiasari Kadek Resa , Dewi Lestari Ni Made Sri
Published: December 2021

Kehamilan ektopik merupakan suatu kehamilan yang terjadi di luar endometrium kavum uteri. Tujuan pembuatan artikel ini untuk mengetahui definisi, faktor risiko, tanda dan gejala, cara mendiagnosis, dan tatalaksana dari kehamilan ektopik sehingga dapat menghindari komplikasi yang mungkin terjadi. Berbagai faktor risiko kehamilan ektopik yaitu pernah mengalami kehamilan ektopik sebelumnya, operasi panggul sebelumnya, penggunaan alat kontrasepsi, riwayat penyakit radang panggul, dan merokok pada saat pembuahan. Kehamilan ektopik ini dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tempatnya menempel dan paling sering terjadi di tuba fallopi khususnya bagian ampula dan diikuti oleh isthmus. Biasanya penderita tidak mengalami gejala yang khas, mirip seperti ibu hamil muda normal, tetapi terdapat trias gejala klinis kehamilan ektopik yaitu amenorea, nyeri abdomen, dan perdarahan pervaginam. Untuk mendiagnosis kehamilan ektopik diperlukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang yang tepat. Tatalaksana yang dapat diberikan yaitu terapi medis dengan methotrexate, terapi expectant, dan terapi pembedahan yang terdiri atas laparoskopi, laparotomi, salpingotomi, dan salpingektomi yang dilakukan sesuai dengan indikasinya masing-masing dan yang paling sering dilakukan adalah laparotomi. Kehamilan ektopik tidak dapat dicegah tetapi komplikasi serius dapat dihindari dengan diagnosis dan perawatan dini serta faktor risikonya dapat dikurangi. Kata kunci: kehamilah ektopik, laparotomi, terapi expectant, methotrexate
The Overview of Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Dinata I Gede Surya , Yasa Anak Agung Gede Wira Pratama
Published: December 2021

Spinal cord injury (SCI) atau cedera medula spinalis adalah suatu kondisi gangguan pada medula spinalis atau sumsum tulang belakang dengan gejala fungsi neurologis mulai dari fungsi motorik, sensorik, dan otonomik, yang dapat berujung menjadi kecacatan menetap hingga kematian. Menurut WHO, SCI diperkirakan terjadi sebanyak 40-80 kasus per 1 juta penduduk dalam setahun. Kasus traumatis menjadi faktor tersering penyebab SCI (90%) mulai dari kecelakaan lalu lintas, jatuh, rekreasi, dan pekerjaan. Sehingga pasien yang mengalami trauma multipel patut dicurigai terkena SCI. Gejala dapat bervariasi tergantung tingkat lokasi dan keparahan lesi cedera yang dapat berupa gejala neurologis seperti nyeri pada bagian tengah dari punggung, parasthesia, hingga penurunan kesadaran pada pasien. Mekanisme terjadinya SCI dapat terjadi secara langsung atau cedera primer dan apabila pasien tidak diberikan penanganan segera dan adekuat, cedera primer akan berlanjut menjadi cedera sekunder. Informasi yang didapatkan sebelum pasien masuk ke unit gawat darurat penting untuk didapatkan seperti mekanisme dari terjadinya cedera, dan penanganan pre-hospital. Penanganan pasien SCI dapat menggunakan teknik ABCD dan dapat dilakukan tindakan pembedahan darurat apabila pasien memiliki faktor risiko tertentu. Bila pasien tidak mendapat penanganan intensif dan segera, maka cedera dapat berlanjut menjadi defisit neurologis serta kecacatan yang menetap hingga akhir hayat pasien. Maka dari itu, penting bagi kita sebagai seorang klinisi untuk mengetahui dari struktur anatomi dan fisiologi medula spinalis, epidemiologi, etiologi, patogenesis, gejala klinis, diagnosis, tatalaksana, serta prognosis dari SCI, sehingga dapat melakukan pengamatan dan penanganan awal pada pasien yang terindikasi SCI.
Investigation of ultrasonic flowmeter error in distorted flow using two-peak Salami functions
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Matiko Fedir , Roman Vitalii , Matiko Halyna , Yalinskyi Dmytro
Published: December 2021

Results of investigating the additional error of ultrasonic flowmeters caused by the distortion of the flow are presented in the article. The location coordinates of acoustic paths were calculated for their number from 1 to 6 according to the different numerical integrating methods: Gauss (Gauss-Legendre, Gauss-Jacobi), Chebyshev (equidistant location of acoustic paths), Westinghouse method, method of OWICS (Optimal Weighted Integration for Circular Sections). This made it possible to realize the flowrate equation for multi-path ultrasonic flowmeters and to determine their additional error for different location of the acoustic paths. The average flow velocity along each path is calculated based on the flow velocity profile in the pipe cross section. Four two-peak Salami functions of velocity are used to calculate the velocity profile of the distorted flow caused by typical local resistances. According to the research results the recommendations were developed for choosing the number of the acoustic paths of the ultrasonic flowmeters and for using the methods for determining the location coordinates of the acoustic paths.
Tourism in Cold Water Islands: A Matter of Contract? Experiences from Destination Development in the Polar North.
Authors: Åke Nilsson Per
Published: December 2021

Lack of local understanding and low preparedness for tourism characterise many remote communities of the Polar North, thus undermining positive attitudes towards tourism even if tourism is seen as a development force. The relatively new interest in Arctic regions as a tourist destination combined with different exogenous forces like globalization and climate change make the situation even more complex. The peripheral and insular location often renders cruise tourism as the only option. Under these circumstances, the readiness to accept tourism as a development tool varies from destination to destination, ranging from being seen as a passport to development to a threat to local culture and traditional life. In order to bridge these perception gaps, the idea of a mental or written contract between tourists and local residents is discussed.
Analysis of the features of the course of HIV/AIDS in the Chernivtsi region
Authors: V. D. Moskaliuk  , K. I. Vozna
Published: December 2021

The research presents data about the clinical features and the spectrum of opportunistic infections in HIVinfected persons of the Chernivtsi region. An active involvement of the population into the epidemic process, a rapid clinical manifestation of asymptomatic HIV infection through the development of opportunistic infections are observed in the region. In most clinical cases a high rate of lesions of the skin, mucous membranes, the lymphatic, respiratory and central nervous systems was observed. A high percentage of co-infection of viral hepatites and HIV was fixed.
Two-dimentional Stokes-polarimetry of cervical tissue laser images
Authors: Ye. G. Makhrova
Published: December 2021

Stokes-polarimetry of the cervical tissue images can be used for а classification and diagnosis of the opticogeometrical structure of its physiologically normal and pathologically changed architectonic networks. This method makes it possible to obtain exhaustive information about the polarizational structure of laser radiation fields transformed by the cervical tissue.
Master class as a new form of professional training doctors
Authors: N. M. Haliuk
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a methodology of holding a sitting of the interdepartmental student scientific society in internal medicine for IVth-VIth year students at a higher educational medical institution. A sitting of the scientific circle in internal medicine after the master class type allows a direct participation of a student in the cognitive process, analyzing the main points of proper medical practice, promotes in-depth understanding and effective mastering of theoretical knowledge of students. A demonstration of a thematic patient and a technology of functional methods of examination, followed by a discussion of the diagnosis after the type of a dialogue between a lecturer – the head of the master-class and a student is the most effective method of mastering practical skills necessary for future appropriate medical practice.
Modern innovative technology of medical interns training in the cycle of "Neurology" in the specialty «General practice - family medicine"
Authors: V. A. Hryb
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the current trends and features of innovative technologies and interactive teaching methods of medical interns training in the cycle of “Neurology ” in the specialty «General Practice - Family Medicine" in compliance with the medical education reform in Ukraine at the Department of Neurology at IFNMU. The basic directions of optimizing the education and introducing of innovative, interactive modern forms have been defined. These include problematic lectures with video presentations, situational learning technology (case-situations), a testing system for a knowledge evaluation; the organization of practical training by mastering the neurological techniques in the interdepartment training stimulator gym and working directly with patients under the supervision of an instructor with mastering skills, abilities of professional manipulations to provide emergency care to patients with neurological disorders at the prehospital phase.
An appraisal of a possibility of closing an operating wound with stepped sanations of the abdominal cavity
Authors: V. V. Tarabanchuk
Published: December 2021

The results of monitoring of the optical density of the venous blood plasma during preplanned repeated lavage of the abdominal cavity in 32 patients with generalized peritonitis are presented. It has been found out that the parameters of the optical density with continuing peritonitis increase over 0,58 points and decrease if it regresses, and after closing the abdominal cavity hermetically. It is proposed to use this index with determining indications for closing the abdominal cavity.
Specific characteristics of the vaginal microbiocenosis in girls, suffering from salpingo-oophoritis
Authors: O. A. Andriiets'  , K. Yu. Humenna  , O. I. Bodnariuk
Published: December 2021

The paper presents and analyzes the composition of the vaginal microbiota in girls, suffering from salpingooophoritis. The authors have established some specific features of the microbicenosis of the vulva and vagina in case of inflammatory diseases of the organs of the small pelvis, the role of pathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms in the development of salpingo-oophorites in girls of the pubertal age and during the period of the forming of the reproductive function.
Adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system of the students’ organism in the process of studying at a higher educational establishment
Authors: Ye. O. Glazkov
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of a research of the hemodynamic indices and their changes in the process of students’ adaptation to learning at a higher school. The adaptive possibilities of the cardiovascular system and the level of the students’ physical condition of the first-year of studies have been determined. The physical working ability with a determination of the index of the level of the general work capacity of the organism has been evaluated. Certain changes of the indices, characterizing the functional condition and adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system of the students’ organism have been established on the basis of the research established on the basis of the research findings. Essential differences of the hemodynamic indices have been found out in case of a disturbance of students’ adaptation in the process of studies.
Cytokine cascade and biomarkers of myocardiocytes damage in the continuum of acute heart failure and myocardial infarction
Authors: T. O. Ilashchuk
Published: December 2021

For the purpose of studying the clinical specific characteristics of the course of acute myocardial infarction complicated by acute left ventricular failure of diverse degrees of severity 368 patients have been examined. A number of features of the disease course in formed groups of patients have been singled out.
Upsets of the gastrointenestinal tract in victims with a combined trauma in case of polytrauma
Authors: V. O. Kryliuk  , A. H. Iftodii  , V. K. Hrodets'kyi
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of a retrospective research of victims with a severe combined trauma of the organs of the abdominal cavity for the purpose of developing in them of the signs of gastrointestinal insufficiency. The case fatality rate among 365 victims made up 36,5 %. The most common manifestation of the gastrointestinal insufficiency in victims with a combined trauma of the organs of the abdominal cavity is the absence of peristalsis – 56,4 % and the signs of intraabdominal hypertension – 43,2 %.
The condition of the microcirculatory channel of the nail bed of the upper extremities and changes of central venous pressure in patients with the second stage of essential hypertension depending on the structure of the diurnal rhythm of arterial pressure
Authors: I. A. Plesh  , L. I. Haidych
Published: December 2021

The peculiarities of changes of the microcirculation of the nail-bed and central venous pressure (CVP) have been presented in the poper in patients the with 2nd stage of essential hypertension depending on different variants of the circadian rhythm of arterial pressure. An inverse interdependence has been established between the level and a decrease of the specific gravity of the functioning capillaries in the patients with a low (non-dipper) and negative (night-picker) diurnal index of arterial pressure that con be used as diagnostic criteria of a high risk of possible complications of essential hypertension.
Morphologic preconditions of the onset of congenital defects of the common bile duct in prenatal ontogenesis
Authors: S. I. Riabyi
Published: December 2021

The peculiarities of prenatal morphogenesis of the common bile duct has been studied on 68 series of sequential histologic sections of human embryos and prefetuses and 50 cadavers of human fetuses by means of the methods of microscopy, morphometry, macroscopic and microscopic preparation. It has been established that the stage of embryonal occlusion during the 6th -8th weeks and the diverticulum-like dilatation at the beginning of the 4th month of the intrauterine development can be morphologic preconditions of the onset of congenital atresia and cysts of the common bile duct.
The level of the soluble molecule of adhesion of vascular cells-1 and L-selectin in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: a relationship with the disease activity, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis
Authors: Yu. S. Seheda  , S. V. Shevchuk
Published: December 2021

A significant increase of the indices of the molecule of adhesion of vascular cells-1 (sVCAM-1) and Lselectin was demonstrated in the course of the research in the blood of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome as compared with healthy persons. The levels of the substances under study were associated with the markers of the activity of an inflammatory process (ESR, TNF-α, IL-1, CRP), disturbances of the lipid metabolism, the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and concomitant arterial hypertension, however, they practically did not depend on the age, gender, the duration of the disease, tobacco smoking, obesity and hypodynamia. Close correlations have also been established between an elevated concentration of sVCAM-1 and L-selectin and structural functional changes of the vascular endothelium, enabling to regard them to be circulating markers of an early development of atherosclerosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.
The influence of lipid-lowering therapy on the atherosclerotic process in patients with the second degree of essential hypertension combined with ischemic heart disease
Authors: N. M. Serediuk  , M. V. Fedorchenko  , N. M. Haliuk
Published: December 2021

For the purpose of studying the effect of lipid-reducing therapy on the course of the atherosclerotic process in the coronary arteries the authors have examined 30 people, undergoing a course of treatment at the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Cardiological Dispensary (RCCD). The patients were randomized into three subgroups based on an evaluation of a risk of cardiovascular events according to the coronary calcium index, a control group of 10 persons was also formed. The concentration of total cholesterol (TCS), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol of lipoproteins of high and low density (CS LPHD and CS LPLD) as well as the index of coronary calcium were evaluated. All the patients were prescribed rosuvastatin in a single dose of 20 mg every evening during four weeks. Upon completing a full course of therapy by all the patients the experiment was repeated. It was established hereat that against a background of a decrease of the levels of TCS, TG, CS LPLD, an increase of the level of the nonatherogenic fraction of CS LPHD an elevation of the index of coronary calcium was observed.
Listeriosis - a little-known opportunistic infection
Authors: Yu. O. Randiuk  , V. D. Moskaliuk  , A. M. Sokol  , A. S. Sydorchuk
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with the etiopathogenetic, clinical and epidemiological aspects of listeriosis with due regard for the latest advances in medical science. Current approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this infection have been analysed.
The role of the metabolic syndrome in the development of chronic pancreatitis
Authors: K. V. Ferfetska  , O. I. Fediv
Published: December 2021

A bibliographical review deals with modern concepts of the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis combined with the metabolic syndrome whose knowledge and generalization is an indispensable component for etiopathogenetic treatment of this particular pathology.
The chronorhythmical changes of the functional activity of the kidneys in pathology
Authors: V. G. Khomenko
Published: December 2021

At the present moment a study of a combined action of different pathogenic factors, in particular, the effects of metal salts under the conditions of the stress action remains topical. Hence, at the present stage of the development of medicine a chronobiological approach towards developing methods of prophylaxis and correction of the consequences of influensing on the organism of different damaging factors of the environment assumes an especially topical significance. The chronostructure of rhythms of many physiological processes in man is an important criterion of diagnostics and treatment efficiency.
The informational content of the method of the Muller-matrix analysis with a view of studying the myosin networks of the myocardium
Authors: V. T. Bachynskyi  , O. Ya. Wanchuliak  , M. R. Tymchuk  , Yu. V. Liubelia  , O. V. Myroniak
Published: December 2021

The paper has ascertained the data, dealing with the initial rearrangements of the human cardiac muscle in case of ischemic damage. From the positions of evidential medicine, the author has established statistically reliable criteria with a view of diagnosing acute coronary insufficiency by using the method of the Muller-matrix analysis of laser digital microscopic images of the human myocardium.
Possibility of detecting “middle-mass molecules” in the pulmonary tissue of fatally injured persons
Authors: A. M. Biliakov
Published: December 2021

In order to solve the problem whether it is possible to use “middle-mass molecules” for the purposes of forensic medicine, their content has been measured in a lung tissue extract of persons who died at an early stage of the antemortem period. It has been found out that “middle-mass molecules” are detected in an extract of the lung tissue of persons who died immediately after an injury, within a short period of time (from several minutes to some tens of minutes) and in 1 to 2 hours after being injured. Moreover, their quantitative content in those who died 1 to 2 hours after the injury is statistically different from other groups of injured persons (р<0,05).
Analysis of mortality owing to cardiomyopathies based on the materials of Lviv regional bureau of forensic medical examination in 2008-2012
Authors: V. I. Hryhoriychuk
Published: December 2021

A research of cardiomyopathies as one of the most prevalent diseases of the cardiovascular system is of considerable scientific interest to medicolegists of the Lviv region, since this pathology in the past 5 years, taking into consideration the results of our study, tends to increase and has made up over this period almost 10 % of the total non-violent death in general and 13,8 % of the pathology of the cardiovascular system, in particular.
Problem questions of medicolegal examination of traumas of the organs of the respiratory system in live persons
Authors: N. V. Gubin
Published: December 2021

On the basis of studying archival medicolegal materials, a content-analysis of medicolegal expert examinations has been carried out by determining the severity level of the physical injuries connected with traumas of the organs of the respiratory system. Problem questions of medico-legal diagnostics of this particular kind of trauma have been detected. Ways of improving a forensic-medical examination of traumas of the organs of the respiratory system of live persons have been determined.
Issues of forensic medicine teaching to students-jurists
Authors: V. M. Zozulia
Published: December 2021

The paper raises the question about the specific characteristics of teaching forensic medicine in higher legal educational institutions and its solution through a close collaboration between the medical higher schools, the bureou of forensic medical examination and juridical educational institutions.
Examination of craniocerebral injury against a background of prior diseases
Authors: V. L. Kolesnikov
Published: December 2021

A craniocerebral injury (CCI) that arose against a background of chronic pathology has specific characteristics, complicating the performance of forensic-medical examinations and may result in an erroneous expert’s conclusion.
An evolution of the results of determining the age of adults according to the stomatological status based on updated procedures
Authors: Ye. Ya. Kostenko
Published: December 2021

An updated technique of evaluating the biological age on the basis of a mathematical analysis, taking into account changes of the hard tooth tissues, the pulp with pathological abrasion has been elaborated, employing a retrospective calculation of new standardized coefficients of the technique according to Kvaal et al. A comparison of the results of using the technique according to Kvaal et al with proposed coefficients, taking into account relative and absolute errors, has been made.
Prospects of using computer technology in dermatoglyphics investigations
Authors: Yu. Z. Kotsiubyns’ka  , N. M. Kozan
Published: December 2021

Possibilities and trends of using advanced computer technologies in the identification of an unknown person have been dealt with in the paper. A classification of modern electronic devices for a dermatoglific research in the practice of a forensic medical examination and prospects of their using has been submitted.
Morphological signs of gunshot injuries of the flat bones that allow you to establish the direction of the rotation of a firearms projectile
Authors: S. V. Leonov  , A. V. Mikhaylenko
Published: December 2021

It has been established that the morphological signs in firearm fractures of the flat bones coincide according to its topography and the degree of a marked character with separate elements of the fields of power voltages in the mathematical model.
The specific characteristics and the mechanism of the formation of bruises in case of an injury by elastic projectiles
Authors: S. V. Leonov  , A. V. Mikhaylenko  , A. V. Slautinskaya
Published: December 2021

А study of the morphology of contour bruises during practical observations which were formed from the action of elastic projectiles in case of shots from traumatic weapon has been carried out. It is established that the morphological signs of contour bruises are stipulated by the special features of the mechanics of destructing tissues. The metric data of the morphological special features of contour bruises and an elastic projectile coincide with the dimensional relationship in the model of the said interaction – the action of a dull an obtuse indentor on the elastic plastic half-space.
Features of contact stains of the hair of the head soaked with blood
Authors: Ye. N. Leonova  , M. N. Nagornov  , Ye. N. Kosheleva
Published: December 2021

The authors of the paper on the basis of pilot studies have revealed morphological signs of imprints of blood-stained hair, determined a zone of the maximum contact of an imprint-forming object an imprint-receiving surface.
The properties and a classification of traumatizing objects from the positions of the mechanics of deformable bodies
Authors: A. V. Mikhaylenko  , A. V. Nikitayev
Published: December 2021

A possibility of classifying traumatic objects from the standpoint of the mechanics of deformable bodies has been considered. Two groups of traumatizing objects (indenters) based on the geometry of the contact surface – acute and obtuse have been singled out. A possibility and a need to apply theoretical principles of destructive mechanics in forensic medicine has been established.
Acute disorders of metabolism of cardiomyocyte in cardiac contusion
Authors: V. P. Novoselov  , S. V. Savchenko  , A. N. Porvin  , D. A. Koshlyak
Published: December 2021

New data on ultrastructural changes in cardiomyocytes in cardiac contusion in an experiment are submitted. The authors have identified the development of acute myocardial contractile failure that is associated with a statistically significant decrease in the content of ribosomes and glycogen in cardiomyocytes involved in the plastic and energy metabolism of the myocardium.