bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Profile, Antioxidant Capacity, and Heavy Metal Analysis of Dune Fruit (Balanites aegyptiaca) as a Traditional Food Source in Kebbi State
Authors: B Yusuf A. , S Abdulrauf M. , A Ibrahim G. , F Shehu , R Garba A.
Published: January 2025

Dune fruit (Balanites aegyptiaca) is a widely consumed traditional food source in many parts of Kebbi State, Nigeria. Despite its wide consumption, there is limited information on the nutritional profile, antioxidant capacity, and heavy metal contamination of Dune fruit. Therefore, this study evaluated the nutritional profile, antioxidant capacity, and heavy metal content of Dune fruit (Balanites aegyptiaca) as a traditional food source in Kebbi State, Nigeria. The proximate composition, antioxidant capacity, and heavy metal content of the fruit were determined using standard analytical methods. The results showed that Dune fruit is rich in nutrients, including Vitamins B1, B2, B3, C and E, potassium, and fiber, with mean values of (0.05 ± 0.01mg/100g), (0.03 ± 0.01mg/100g), (0.52 ± 0.03mg/100g), (31.00 ± 1.00 mg/100g), (0.52 ± 0.03mg/100g), (370.00 ± 1.50mg/100g) and (8.10 ± 0.10mg/100g, respectively. The fruit also exhibited high antioxidant capacity, with a mean total phenolic content of (255.10 ± 5.10mgGAE/100g) and a mean antioxidant activity of DPPH (76.83 ± 1.65%) and ABTS (66.30 ± 1.20%). However, the fruit was found to contain high levels of heavy metals, including lead (0.053 ± 0.005mg/kg), cadmium (0.023 ± 0.005mg/kg), and chromium (0.11 ± 0.01mg/kg). The results of this study suggest that Dune fruit is a nutritious and antioxidant-rich food source, but its consumption should be done with caution due to its heavy metal contamination. Therefore, there is a need for proper handling, processing, and storage of the fruit to minimize its heavy metal content and ensure its safe consumption.
Effectiveness of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Application of Lamtoro Leaves and Quail Manure Fertilizer on Melon Plants (Cucumis melo L) Growth and Production
Authors: Parna Yudi Dali , Marisa Julia , Riah Ate Tarigan Ruth
Published: January 2025

The melon crop commodity has great potential to meet public demand. One way to improve melon quality is using organic fertilizer, which enhances soil properties and provides plant nutrients. This study utilized a factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was the POC of Lamtoro leaves (L) with 4 levels: 0 ml/1L water/plot, 200 ml/1L water/plot, and 400 ml/1L water/plot. The second factor was quail manure with 4 levels: 0 kg/plot, 1 kg/plot, 2 kg/plot, and 3 kg/plot. Parameters measured included plant height, number of leaves, flowering time, stem diameter, fruit diameter per sample, fruit weight per sample plant, and fruit weight per plot. The results showed that applying POC fertilizer from Lamtoro leaves and quail manure had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, flowering time, and stem diameter. However, it had a significant effect on fruit weight per sample plant, a very significant effect on fruit diameter per sample, and fruit weight per plot.
Pengembangan Wisata Pesisir Berbasis Ekowisata Di Pantai Sadranan Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Fahmi Fadholi Ramadhan  , I Made Adhi Gunadi  , Meizar Rusli
Published: January 2025

The importance of developing ecotourism is so that tourist attractions can be sustainable and have a positive impact on the community's economic sector, ecological sustainability and social benefits in the form of community empowerment. Ecotourism has five principles, namely nature-based, ecological sustainability, environmental education, benefits to the surrounding community and visitor satisfaction. This research aims to identify the application of ecotourism principles in the development of coastal tourism and analyze the development of coastal ecotourism at Sadranan Beach. The data obtained was analyzed using SWOT analysis to determine internal factors, namely strengths and weaknesses, as well as external factors, namely opportunities and threats. The research results show that of the five principles of ecotourism, Sadranan Beach tourism management has implemented four principles of ecotourism, namely nature-based, environmental education, benefits to the surrounding community and visitor satisfaction. There is one principle that has not been implemented optimally, namely ecological sustainability. According to the results of the SWOT analysis, the development of Sadranan Beach can be carried out with a (S-O) strategy, namely using strengths by taking advantage of opportunities. The (S-O) strategy includes ecotourism-based development, maintaining biodiversity and optimizing the role of the community in tourism development.
The role of surfactant protein SP-D in the functioning of innate and adaptive immunity in children with bronchial obstruction
Authors: Vlasova A. N. , Fefelova E. V. , Tsybikov N. N. , Potapova N. L.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Bronchial obstruction syndrome remains a significant issue in pediatrics. One of the non-invasive diagnostic methods in children is the determination of local nonspecific immune defense indicators. Aim. To study the role of surfactant protein SP-D in the functioning of the innate and adaptive immunity in children with bronchial obstruction. Materials and methods. A total of 183 children were examined: Group 1 consisted of patients with SP-D protein concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 ng/mL (n=21), Group 2 with less than 100 ng/mL (n=92), and a control group of healthy children with SP-D levels above 500 ng/mL (n=70). All children underwent enzyme-linked immunoassay to determine the concentrations of surfactant protein SP-D in exhaled breath condensate, and levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE, and α-defensins 1-3 in serum. Results. The content of IgA was found to be 44.4% and 33.3% lower in the first and second groups, respectively, compared to the control group. Higher levels of IgE were detected in Groups 1 and 2 compared to healthy children. No differences were observed in IgM and IgG levels among the study groups. The concentration of α-defensins 1-3 was 6.8 times lower in Group 1 compared to the control group, and 1.7 times lower in Group 2. Conclusion. Reduced levels of SP-D affect both innate and adaptive immunity indicators. Low SP-D protein values were associated with decreased IgA and α-defensins levels, as well as high IgE concentrations.
Long-term health-related quality of life issues associated with the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Perelman N. L.
Published: January 2025

The factors shaping the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are more pronounced, more widespread, and longer lasting than just the somatic effects of infection, with serious deterioration in people's actual and perceived quality of life (QoL). The COVID-19 pandemic has shown great potential to directly impact on the QoL of the general population, causing psychological distress, disrupting full participation in daily life and reducing the sense of connection to society. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of Long-COVID and related factors on the population's QoL, its physical, emotional and social aspects. High levels of fatigue after COVID-19 reduce work capacity, account for the loss of social ties, and increase depressive symptoms and lead to lower long-term QoL. Studies have shown that QoL is significantly lower in women than in men, and male gender is one of the risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19. Deterioration in health-related CV throughout the pandemic was noted in children and adolescents, who were particularly vulnerable to social distancing. Vaccination against COVID-19 was a significant predictor of higher physical QoL. The majority of those who underwent medical rehabilitation also have a high level of physical functioning, although some patients continue to report some functional problems. Published scientific papers demonstrate a number of unresolved methodological and methodological issues in assessing changes in health-related QoL as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the high heterogeneity of studies, there is a need to develop approaches to reduce heterogeneity, use validated assessment tools, widely accepted questionnaires and specific follow-up timeframes. Standardized and long-term COVID-19 studies will undoubtedly be invaluable in understanding the epidemiology and impact of the burden of Long-COVID on health-related QoL.
Types of immune response in patients with asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and hypoosmolar stimuli
Authors: Pirogov A. B. , Prikhodko A. G. , Pirogova N. A. , Gassan D. A. , Naumov D. E. , Kolosov V. P. , Perelman J. M.
Published: January 2025

The pathogenesis of asthma may involve allergic inflammation of the "low Th2" subtype, which differs from the "high Th2" subtype by the dominant profile of intercellular signaling molecules. Aim. To study the types of immune response in patients with asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and osmotic stimuli by analyzing the levels of interleukins (IL)-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, IL-6, IL-4, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-γ, and patterns of bronchial inflammation. Materials and methods. Sixty-five patients with mild persistent asthma were examined. Induced sputum collection, blood sampling for biochemical studies, spirometry, bronchial provocation tests with isocapnic hyperventilation of cold (-20 °C) air (IHCA), and ultrasonic inhalation of distilled water (UIDW) were performed. The cellular composition of sputum (in percentages) was analyzed, and cytokine profiles in peripheral blood serum (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, IL-6, IL-4, IL-13, IFN-γ, in pg/mL) were determined. Results. Group 1 (n=18) included patients with bronchial hyperresponsiveness to the IHCA; Group 2 (n=18) comprised patients with airway hyperresponsiveness to the UIDW; Group 3 (n=29) consisted of non-responders to the triggers. Patients in Groups 1 and 2 had lower baseline bronchial patency indicators. In the sputum of patients in Group 1, higher numbers of neutrophils and proportions of desquamated epithelial cells were recorded, with a correlation observed between the cell content and the airway response to the IHCA. These patients exhibited higher serum concentrations of IL-17A, IL-22, IL-6, IL-4, and IFN-γ. Correlation analysis showed an association between IL-17A levels and airway response to the IHCA: ΔFEV1IHCA (Rs=-0.33; p=0.049); ΔMEF50IHCA (Rs=-0.50; p=0.030); between IL-17F levels and ΔFEF25-75IHCA (Rs=-0.38; p=0.037); ΔMEF50IHCA (Rs=-0.40; p=0.029). IL-17A levels correlated with IL-17F levels (Rs=0.53; p=0.022), and IL-4 concentrations correlated with IFN-γ levels (Rs=0.53; p=0.0004). Conclusion. Patients with asthma and cold airway hyperresponsiveness are characterized by more pronounced impairments in airway patency, increased neutrophil counts in sputum, and elevated serum levels of IL-17A, IL-22, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-4. The immune response in these patients is associated with Th2/Th17 and/or Th1/Th17 types, whereas in individuals with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness, it is more associated with the Th2 type of inflammation.
PENDAMPINGAN BELAJAR MURATTAL AL-QUR’AN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TALAQQI DI TAMAN PENDIDIKAN AL-QUR’AN JABAL RAHMAH SEMEN PADANG
Authors: Rahman Khalilur , Kustati Martin , Amelia Rezki , Gusmirawati Gusmirawati
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari kegiatan  pendampingan ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan murattal Al-Quran kepada santri yang belajar membaca Al-Quran Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an Jabal Rahmah Semen Padang merupakan sebuah Lembaga Pendidikan Informal yang berada di Kelurahan Indarung, Kecamatan Lubuk Kilangan, Kota Padang. Merupakan tempat belajar bagi anak-anak setingkat Sekolah Dasar yang ingin belajar membaca Al-Qur’an. Namun beberapa masalah yang menjadi persoalan dalam hal membaca Al-Qur’an yaitu masih kurangnya pengetahuan santri mengenai ilmu murattal dalam membaca Al-Qur’an ini serta penerapan murattal dalam membaca Al-Qur’an secara baik dan benar. santri yang belajar membaca Al-Quran hanya menerapkan pelafalan huruf hijaiyah tanpa menerapkan murattal. Perlunya dilakukan pembelajaran secara berlanjut kepada peserta didik tersebut, untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai murattal Al-Quran. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah Participatory Action Research (PAR). Dalam prosesnya metode ini melalui tiga tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam pendampingan ini adalah metode pembelajaran tatap muka secara talaqqi, metode talaqqi merupakan metode belajar Al-Qur’an yang mensyaratkan perjumpaan secara lansung antara peserta didik dengan guru yang memberikan pengajaran murattal ini. Hasil pengabdian ini ialah santri mengenal murattal dan peningkatan kemampuan santri membaca Al-Qur’an menggunakan irama sesuai dengan kaedah murattal. Sehingga santri yang belajar murattal juga bisa mengikuti perlombaan seperti Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran.
SOSIALISASI MAKANAN SEHAT MELALUI COOKING CLASS PADA SISWA DI SDN JATIJEJER TRAWAS MOJOKERTO
Authors: Dewi Anggra Lita Sandra , Dewi Galuh Kartika , Rahmawati Ery
Published: January 2025

Tujuan utama dari cooking class murid Sekolah Dasar adalah untuk mengajarkan anak-anak teknik dasar memasak dan memberikan pemahaman tentang makanan yang sehat dan bergizi. Program dimulai dengan tahap persiapan, di mana tim pengabdian berkoordinasi dengan pihak sekolah untuk menentukan jadwal dan peserta kegiatan. Selama pelaksanaan sosialisasi, siswa diberikan presentasi interaktif mengenai pentingnya makanan sehat dan gizi seimbang. Efektivitas Metode Pengabdian penggunaan metode cooking class terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang gizi seimbang dan makanan sehat. Dengan pemahaman dan keterampilan yang diperoleh, siswa dapat menerapkan pola makan sehat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.  Kegiatan sosialisasi makanan sehat melalui cooking class pada siswa di SDN Jatijejer Trawas Mojokerto terlaksana dengan baik dan lancar. Observasi selama kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa siswa terlibat aktif dan antusias dalam setiap tahap cooking class. Partisipasi aktif ini tidak hanya meningkatkan keterampilan praktis mereka, tetapi juga membangun rasa percaya diri dan kemampuan bekerja sama dalam kelompok. Siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan berjumlah 52, kelas 1, kelas 2, dan kelas 3 SD. Siswa mengikuti kegiatan dengan antusias dan aktif. Kegiatan diawali dengan sosialisasi makanan sehat dari tim PGSD Univirsitas PGRI Delta, siswa menyimak dengan seksama dan dilanjutkan dengan tanya jawab, siswa antusias dengan aktif bertanya. Kegiatan selanjutnya cooking class siswa mengikuti kegiatan dengan semangat dan ditutup dengan kegiatan makan bersama. Setelah kegiatan ini diharapkan siswa dapat memulai hidup sehat dengan terbiasa untuk makan makanan sehat.
PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN STUDI KELAYAKAN PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PADA IKM ROTI
Authors: Mubin Ahmad , Mekarsari Suci P
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pendampingan penyusunan studi kelayakan pengembangan usaha ini dilakukan pada IKM RA yang bergerak dibidang usaha pembuatan roti. Perusahaan ingin melakukan pengembangan usaha melalui penambahan varian roti baru berupa roti kering. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan studi kelayakan yang meliputi ekonomi, teknis, sosial dan lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi kelayakan meliputi peramalan dan analisis pakar untuk aspek pasar, menghitung efisiensi pada aspek teknis, menghitung nilai NPV, IRR, dan Profitability Index (PI) pada aspek keuangan, serta melakukan uji nilai baku mutu limbah untuk aspek lingkungan. Hasil studi menunjukknan bahwa pengembangan usaha pada IKM RA adalah layak baik secara ekonomi, teknis, sosial maupun lingkungan.
PELATIHAN TATA KELOLA KEUANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUM Desa) DALAM KAIDAH GOVERNANCE
Authors: Handayani Sri , Wibowo Doni Teguh , Jonsa Alimas
Published: January 2025

Badan Usaha Milik Desa yang selanjutnya disebut BUM Desa adalah badan hukum yang didirikan oleh desa  dan/atau bersama desa-desa guna mengelola usaha, memanfaatkan aset, mengembangkan investasi dan produktivitas, menyediakan jasa pelayanan, dan/atau menyediakan jenis usaha lainnya untuk sebesar-besarnya kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa. Usaha BUM Desa adalah kegiatan di bidang ekonomi dan/atau pelayanan umum yang dikelola secara mandiri oleh BUM Desa. Pada BUM Desa yang diakui oleh kebijakan pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 tahun 2021 tentang Badan Usaha Milik Desa dan Peraturan Menteri Desa dan PDTT Nomor 3 tahun 2021 tentang Pendaftaran, Pendataan dan Pemeringkatan, Pembinaan dan Pengembangan, dan Pengadaan Barang dan/atau Jasa BUM Desa/ BUM Desa Bersama adalah BUM Desa yang telah memiliki badan hukum dengan wajib melaksanakan laporan tahunan. Pelatihan tata kelola keuangan BUM Desa dalam memenuhi tuntutan pertanggungjawaban penggunaan keuangan menjadi bagian penting dalam membentuk kesadaran kolektif. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada pengurus BUM Desa agar memiliki pengetahuan substantif sesuai dengan kaidah Governance yang dapat menjadi arah subtantif dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan BUM Des yang berada di kecamatan Ampelgading Kabupaten Malang. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah pengurus BUM Des di kecamatan Ampelgading memiliki kesadaran bahwa BUM Des yang mereka kelola telah memiliki potensi besar untuk berkembang karena telah berbadan hukum dengan syarat dapat memenuhi laporan tahunan yang proporsional sesuai dengan kebijakan yang berlaku.
Leadership Styles and Employee Motivation: A Comparative Study in Multinational Corporations
Authors: Anuvansh Kaushik
Published: January 2025

Leadership styles significantly impact employee motivation and organizational performance, especially within multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in diverse cultural contexts. This study conducts a comparative analysis of leadership styles prevalent in MNCs, examining their influence on employee motivation across different regions and organizational levels. The research integrates theoretical frameworks on leadership, motivation theories, and cross-cultural management to explore how various leadership approaches—such as transformational, transactional, and participative—shape employee engagement and productivity. the adaptation of leadership styles to cultural nuances, the effectiveness of motivational strategies in enhancing job satisfaction and commitment, and the role of leadership in fostering a conducive work environment amidst cultural diversity. Drawing on empirical data and case studies from MNCs, this study provides insights into best practices for aligning leadership styles with organizational goals to optimize employee motivation and performance in a globalized business environment.
NEW ROAD MAP FOR CURRICULUM AND PEDAGOGY WITH THE VALUE OF INCLUSIVENESS: AN INSIGHT FROM NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2020
Authors: Nilakshi Adhikari
Published: January 2025

Curriculum is one of the essential components of education. It is a roadmap for educational programs, including curricular and co-curricular activities. The National Education Policy 2020 represents a transformative shift in the field of education, particularly in the realm of inclusive education. As the first policy to explicitly endorse the principles of equity and inclusive education, it holds the potential to reshape our educational landscape significantly. In this paper, the researcher aims to underscore the various recommendations for inclusive education's curriculum and pedagogical development and the diverse curriculum adaptation programs for Children with Special Needs (CwSN), focusing on intellectual disabilities, visual impairment, and hearing impairment. Curriculum adaptation, the process of altering teaching and assessment methods, is crucial to this transformation. Adaptations, which encompass accommodations and modifications, bring about changes in the learning environment, pedagogical strategies, and resources. Modifications specifically refer to changes in content and learning outcomes.
KEYWORDS: Curriculum, Pedagogy, Value, Inclusiveness, National Education Policy 2020
Analisis Prediksi Kenaikan Harga Daging Sapi Dan Daging Ayam Di Bandung
Authors: Nordiansah Yossi , Sukmaningtyas Yanuarini Nur
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini meneliti perbandingan harga daging ayam dan daging sapi di Indonesia dalam rentang waktu 2017 hingga 2021. Data yang diperoleh dari repositori GitHub dianalisis menggunakan metode Least Trimmed Squares (LTS) untuk mengatasi pengaruh outlier dan memastikan hasil yang lebih robust. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa harga daging sapi secara konsisten lebih tinggi daripada harga daging ayam. Selain itu, harga daging sapi juga menunjukkan stabilitas yang lebih tinggi dengan fluktuasi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan harga daging ayam yang cenderung lebih bergejolak. Proses analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Python, yang mempermudah pemrosesan data dan penerapan metode LTS. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi berbagai pemangku kepentingan dalam rantai pasokan daging, seperti produsen, distributor, dan konsumen, dalam hal perencanaan dan pengambilan keputusan yang lebih baik. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian nilai MAE untuk rediksi untuk daging sapi yaitu 1120.99 lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan prediksi untuk daging ayam dengan nilai MAE 2216.88.
RESEARCH ON IMPROVING THE SECURITY OF COMPUTER NETWORKS USING DATA ENCRYPTION TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Mamaeva Milana M. , Namaev Sharani M. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: January 2025

Сurrently, computer networks play an important role in the transmission and storage of information. However, due to the open nature of the network, they are vulnerable to attacks when transmitting and storing information, which leads to damage or loss of information. The main reason is that criminals have the opportunity to take advantage of this. Therefore, with the development of computer networks, certain attention must be paid to network security. Among them, the use of data encryption technology to a certain extent solved the problem of computer network security and effectively guaranteed the confidentiality of user’s personal data. This article discusses the security of computer networks using data encryption technology.
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION: EVOLUTION OF THEORETICAL APPROACHES
Authors:   Donetsk Academy of Management and Public Service, Kuzmenko Marina Igorevna
Published: January 2025

The article examines the evolution of foreign and domestic theories of spatial development, which made it possible to determine the main components of the spatial development of the region. The factors influencing the introduction and change of concepts of spatial development of the region are identified, which are: industrialization of industry, changes in the structure of the world economy, urbanization and demographic shifts, digitalization, etc. Based on the analysis of the authors’ approaches to the concept of «spatial development of the region», this concept has been improved, under which it is proposed to understand the complex, structural process of transformation and optimization of the territorial structure of the region in the context of global challenges and the digital age, in order to improve the quality of life of the population, sustainable economic growth and optimal use of natural and human resources, while taking into account both natural conditions, as well as social, economic and cultural aspects.
PRINCIPLES AND APPROACHES TO QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF IT SPECIALIST TRAINING
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Girfanova Elena Y.
Published: January 2025

At present, a highly qualified specialist must be able to configure and freely use software and hardware of computing and information systems, develop basic program documents, make organizational and managerial calculations, organize and technically equip workplaces. In addition, the specialist must be able to evaluate the parameters of technical equipment of departments, laboratories and offices with computer and network equipment, select, complete and operate software and hardware in the created computing and information systems and network structures. In addition, a qualified IT specialist must have the skills to work with various operating systems and their administration, comprehensive automation of the process of commissioning software and systems, work as an advanced user and programming in various operating environments, formalize application tasks, etc.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF DIGITALIZATION WITH THE PROCESSES OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "National Research Technological University "MISIS", Eliseeva Evgeniya N.
Published: January 2025

The development of industrial enterprises, increasing the economic efficiency of their functioning, and increasing competitiveness at the present stage are largely due to the introduction of digitalization. Digitalization consists in the use of digital technologies in organiz-ing the process of ensuring the company's activities and integrating them into the management system. The author of the article examines the concept of digitalization from the point of view of the influence of technology development and sustainable development processes on it. The author concludes that digitalization is evolutionarily related to these processes and is conditioned by them. In turn, digitalization changes the key characteristics of companies' activities and affects the company's management structure, resource management, data and information manage-ment, innovation, quality of goods and services, ensuring the security of infrastructure and data, profitability and return on investment. The change in key characteristics is also influenced by the involvement of personnel in this process.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT OF SMEs BASED ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF CORE BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors:   Moscow, Russia, Lisovskaya Ekaterina G. , Smelov Alexander Yu. ,   Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Moscow, Russia, Eleneva Yuliya Ya. ,   Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article is dedicated to the study of sustainable development management of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through the lens of digital transformation of core business processes. In the context of a constantly changing economic landscape and increasing competition, digitalization becomes a key factor contributing to the efficiency and sustainability of SMEs.
The paper analyzes the impact of digital technologies on core business processes such as production management, finance, marketing, and customer relationships. It discusses methods for assessing the current level of digitalization of SMEs and provides practical recommendations for implementing digital tools to optimize operational activities.
The authors also emphasize the importance of integrating digital solutions with sustainable development goals, including social and environmental responsibility in business. The findings of the study highlight that successful digital transformation of SMEs not only enhances compet-itiveness but also ensures long-term sustainability, which is essential for the development of the economic environment as a whole.
The work aims at providing a theoretical foundation and practical implementation of a sustainable development management strategy for SMEs in the context of the digital economy, as well as underscores the necessity for a systematic approach to integrating digital and envi-ronmental strategies into everyday business practices.
ESG REPORTING AS A TOOL FOR ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
Authors:   State University of Management, Moscow, Russia, Korzovatykh Zhanna M.
Published: January 2025

In today's world, where issues of sustainable development are becoming increas-ingly relevant, companies are increasingly striving to demonstrate their responsibility to society for the environmental and human impacts as a result of their activities. This is reflected in the growing popularity of non-financial reporting that discloses ESG factors. The analysis of statis-tical data revealed the observed global trend in the formation of non-financial reporting in Russia. The article substantiates the need to develop unified standards for the formation of reports that disclose the non-financial component of the activity of an economic entity, taking into account the peculiarities of national financial reporting systems, providing for the use of common con-ceptual principles and methodological approaches, metrics and indicators for evaluating perfor-mance, which should be guided by economic entities. At the same time, special attention should be paid to taking into account the specifics of various industries and the individual characteris-tics of the activities of economic entities. In the process of writing the article, traditional methods of studying the problem were used: comparative analysis, monographic, abstract-logical and others, allowing the realization of the research goal. The methodological basis of the study was the work of leading economists and analysts involved in integrated reporting.
STATE SUPPORT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   GGNTU named after academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Elgukayeva Luisa A. , Khadzhieva Leila M.-B. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov
Published: January 2025

In the context of modern economic development, state support of entrepreneur-ship plays a key role in creating a favorable business environment and stimulating economic growth. This article examines the main forms and mechanisms of state support aimed at devel-oping small and medium-sized businesses, and analyzes their effectiveness and impact on the country's business ecosystem.
MODERN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY
Authors:   FGBOU VPO KGEU (Kazan State Energy University), Nikolaeva Svetlana Glebovna , Saralinova Jamila Saidulayevna ,   Kadyrov Chechen State University, Dadashova Amina Srazdievna ,   GGNTU named after academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to analyzing the impact of modern innovative technologies on the tourism industry. The aim of the study is to identify and systematize the key technological trends transforming the tourism business. The paper addresses the following tasks: description of the main innovative technologies used in tourism (artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, blockchain); analysis of their impact on various aspects of tourism activities (travel plan-ning, booking, customer service, marketing); assessment of development prospects and potential risks of these technologies. The obtained results demonstrate that modern IT provides personal-ization of tourist services, increases the efficiency of business processes and forms new models of interaction with customers. The practical significance of the study lies in providing relevant information for travel companies and developers of IT solutions. Scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive analysis of the synergistic effect of various innovative technologies in the tourism sector and assessment of their long-term impact on the development of the industry.
TECHNICAL FEATURES OF BUILDING A LI-FI NETWORK USING SDN MANAGEMENT METHODS
Authors:   North Caucasian State Academy, Cherkessk, Semenova Aishat N. , Chegemlieva Aisha M. ,   North Caucasian State Academy, Cherkessk, Sebaeva Zarema Sh. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Grozny State Oil Technical University named after Academician M.D. Millionshchikov”, Grozny
Published: January 2025

Building LI-FI wireless access networks using open-source platforms opens up prospects for telecom operators. At the same time, it is necessary to develop models of systems and describe management methods. For this purpose, the document proposes to use a central-ized management system based on SDN principles. Having complete information about the sta-tus of network elements allows you to ensure optimal use of network resources, increase throughput and quality of service. An analysis of the principles of building an office LI-FI network using the management level based on SDN principles was carried out, measures were taken to reduce interference in cellular networks, increase bandwidth and quality of service. Building an access network based on Li-Fi technology is a very promising direction to solve the problems of existing wireless access networks based on radio frequency technologies. To manage such a net-work, it is advisable to use open source SDN platforms and, in particular, the ONOS operating system. The proposed solutions require the development of mathematical models and methods for the optimal solution of control problems in various operating conditions.
DIGITAL TWINS IN PRACTICE: THE USE OF MODELS IN HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Romanova Irina V. , Igishev Alexander V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the practical aspects of the use of digital twins in organi-zations of high-tech industries. The analysis is devoted to various sectors of the economy where digital twins can be used, and also focuses on the features of the fields of application, advantages and limitations. Practical application cases are considered, as well as the risks and challenges faced by enterprises when creating and operating digital twins.
SPECIALTIES SALARY OFFERS FROM EMPLOYERS IN REGIONS WITH HIGH DEMAND FOR ENGINEERING SPECIALTIES
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Garafiev Ilshat Z. , Garafieva Gulshat I. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: January 2025

The article presents an analysis of engineering vacancies in 22 regions of Russia with high demand for these professions for the period from 2018 to 2021. The study identifies salary growth trends, analyzes the influence of various factors, such as work experience, type of employment and industry, on the level of offered salaries. Particular attention is paid to the distribution of average and median values of maximum and minimum wages.
A prospective multicenter, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial of bovine pericardial versus polyurethane patching in carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Chen Yanfei , Feng Yao , Tang Xiao , Huang Yabo , Zhou Peng , Zhang Liyong , Hao Jiheng , Li Zhen , Hua Zhaohui , Gao Daqiao , Jiao Liqun
Published: January 2025

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the first-line treatment for internal carotid artery stenosis that can lead to stroke. This study aimed to compare the incidence of early adverse clinical events and restenosis between patient groups receiving the newly developed bovine pericardial (BP) and polyurethane patches during CEA. We conducted a multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority trial at five tertiary centers in China. Participants were assigned to either the BP patch or polyurethane patch group. The primary outcome was freedom from restenosis at 1 year after surgery. Restenosis was defined as a narrowing of >50% in the target artery on duplex ultrasound or computed tomography angiography examination. The total number of participants was 120, including 60 each randomized to the BP patch and polyurethane patch groups. Demographics were similar in both groups. Death or significant disability was comparable between the two groups (3:1, p = 0.619) during the perioperative period. At the 12-month assessment (n = 112), three patients had severe restenosis: two in the BP patch group (n = 57) and one in the polyurethane patch group (n = 55). There was no significant statistical difference in restenosis, morbidity, or mortality between the two groups (p > 0.4), indicating that the BP patch was non-inferior to the polyurethane patch (p = 0.013 for the full analysis set; p = 0.016 for the per-protocol set). The two groups of patches had similar safety and effectiveness, and the BP patch was non-inferior to the mature polyurethane patch available on the market.
Health impacts and detection challenges of human exposure to microplastics
Authors: Bodke Vishal , Tekade Bharat , Mali Akash
Published: January 2025

The widespread use of plastic has led to growing concerns about the release and impact of microplastics and nanoplastics (MPNPs) on both the environment and human health. The surge in plastic production during the COVID-19 pandemic increased the potential for human exposure through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption. MPNPs pose significant health risks due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, primarily through DNA damage and the adsorption of toxic contaminants. Their small size and large surface area-to-volume ratio increase their reactivity with biological tissues. Despite these potential hazards, limited technologies are currently available for detecting MPNPs in humans. This review provides a comprehensive overview of MPNPs, focusing on their origins, chemical compositions, and the mechanisms by which they contribute to carcinogenesis. In addition, it explores various types of cancers linked to microplastic exposure and outlines current methodologies for detecting microplastics in human tissues.
Pre-clinical studies for oral enzyme replacement therapy in Pompe disease knockout mice with tobacco seeds expressing human GAA
Authors: Martiniuk Frank , Mack Adra , Martiniuk Justin , O. Voronin Gregory , Miller Shoreh , Reimer David , Rossi Nancy , Sheppard Bird Leslie , Saleh Sussan , Gupta Ruby , Nigro Mariel , Meinke Peter , Schoser Benedikt , Wu Feng , Kambitsis Angelo , Arvanitopoulos John , Arvanitopoulos Elena , Arvanitopoulos Pavlos , Demetriades Alexander , Tchou-Wong Kam-Meng
Published: January 2025

Genetic deficiency of acid a-glucosidase (GAA) results in Pompe disease (PD) encompassing four clinical subtypes of varying severity. Our objective is to develop an innovative and affordable approach for enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) through oral administration (Oral-ERT) to maintain a sustained therapeutic level of enzyme daily to improve treatment efficacy. Tobacco seeds contain the metabolic machinery compatible with mammalian glycosylation-phosphorylation. We have shown that transgenic tobacco seeds expressing human GAA (tobrhGAA) were enzymatically active and can correct the enzyme deficiency in cultured cells and in GAA knockout (GAAKO) mice administered IP. We have extended these studies in PD KO mice with ground tobrhGAA seeds. Briefly, in PD knockout mice, Oral-ERT with ground tobrhGAA seeds showed a significant reversal of fore-limb and hind-limb muscle weakness, increased motor coordination/balance/strength/mobility, improved spontaneous learning, increased GAA activity in tissues, reduced glycogen in tissues and negligible serum titers to GAA. Pharmacokinetics showed maximum serum GAA concentration at 8 – 10 h and peak urine excretion at 10 – 12 h post-administration. The tobrhGAA was taken up in PD fibroblast, lymphoid, and myoblast cells. Enzyme kinetics compared favorably to hGAA, plus alglucosidase alfa or other recombinant human GAAs for Km, Vmax, pH optima, thermal heat stability, and IC50 for inhibitors. The tobrhGAA in seeds was stable for 15 years at room temperature. Thus, Oral-ERT with ground tobrhGAA seeds is an innovative approach that overcomes some of the challenges of alglucosidase alfa-ERT and provides a more effective, safe, and significantly less expensive treatment.
Evaluation of galactomannan and 1,3-β-d-glucan assays as diagnostic tools for intracranial fungal infection: A case series
Authors: Kumar Suneel , Rehman Zuhaa , Akhlaq Anabia , Khan Taha Bin Ajaz , Bullo Naeemullah , Afzal Munir
Published: January 2025

Fungal infections of the central nervous system have dramatically surged over the past decade, particularly in semitropical regions such as Karachi. Herein, we retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic potential of galactomannan (GM) and 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG) assays for intracranial fungal infections (IFI) at a tertiary care facility in Karachi. A total of 12 patients (3 immunocompromised and 9 immunocompetent) aged 18 – 60 years underwent serum fungal biomarker testing, imaging studies, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Suboptimal GM and high BDG titers indicated invasive mycoses. Computed tomography scan revealed fungal sinusitis, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed brain parenchyma involvement. Fungal biomarkers helped rule out a neoplastic etiology. Normal GM and high BDG titers negated the probability of aspergillosis. Further, culture tests helped identify the causative organisms and tailor the treatment. Our findings emphasize the diagnostic value of GM and BDG assays in IFIs. Furthermore, we recommend the use of CSF specimens for fungal biomarker assays in future diagnostic protocols.
In vitro evaluation of Hyphaene thebaica honey as a multitarget therapeutic product
Authors: Abu-Farich Basheer , Masalha Mahmud , Hamarshi Hadeel , El Ghouizi Asmae , Aboulghazi Abderrazak , El Ouassete Mohammed , Weldali Doha , Lyoussi Badiaa , Saad Bashar
Published: January 2025

Hyphaene thebaica honey, commonly known as doum honey (DH), is widely utilized in the Mediterranean region due to its putative health benefits. However, the precise mechanisms underpinning these benefits remain obscure. This study sought to assess the anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties of DH, and analyze its polyphenolic composition. The antibacterial effects of DH were tested against a range of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. In addition, we investigated the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of DH in the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. The phenolic compounds in DH were evaluated using quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The model used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties was lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. HPLC analysis revealed nine phenolic compounds in DH: Gallic acid, caffeic acid, carvacrol, p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, kaempferol, pinobanksin, pinocembrin, and galangin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for DH varied between 0.19% and 0.78% w/w for the three Gram-positive strains tested and between 0.024% and 0.39% w/w for the four Gram-negative strains tested. Among all the bacterial strains tested, Escherichia coli was found to be the most susceptible, with an MIC of 0.024% w/w. Upon treating LPS-activated THP-1-derived macrophages with DH, the levels of nitric oxide were significantly diminished. Moreover, DH displayed a modest but significant cytostatic effect on the MDA-MB-231 cells. The most noticeable cytostatic impacts were observed at concentrations of 4 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, resulting in a decrease in cell viability by 25% and 20%, respectively, compared to untreated control cells. A significant decline in the migration rate of MDA-MB-231 cells was observed following DH treatment compared to control cells (P < 0.05). Our findings not only corroborate the well-established antibacterial properties of DH but also imply that its recognized anticancer advantages may be partially attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytostatic, and antimigration effects.
Modelling and Simulation of the Effect of Irradiance Related Temperature on Microalgae Cell Growth in an Outdoor Culture for a Horizontal Loop Tubular Photobioreactor
Authors: Chowdury Md. Kamrul Hasan , Islam Md. Rashedul , Nahar Nurun , Monir Mohammad Iftekhar , Deb Ujjwal Kumar
Published: January 2025

Microalgae growth is influenced by numerous culture parameters, and temperature is considered one of the vital growth factors among them. In this study, a computational growth model related for a microalgae cell growth to irradiance related temperature for an outdoor operated Horizontal Loop Tubular Photobioreactor (HLTP) is developed. The effects of direct and diffuse solar radiation on the Photobioreactor (PBR) temperature are considered in this model. An HLTP measuring length 20.5 m and radius 0.025 m has been assumed for the simulation model. The simulation is carried out on a specific date where the sunlight is considered available. Thus, the meteorological data associated with a geographic location has been collected for the simulation while the species of microalgae is Chlorella vulgaris. The present model is simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics version 4.2 and a temperature fluctuation between 24.85 °C and 38.45 °C is observed throughout the PBR domain. The velocity profile of the suspension flow is also analysed in this study. The present study suggests that necessary measures are needed to control the temperature to reduce cell damage.
Indecomposable modules, relative projectivity and radical subgroups in finite groups
Authors: Mpono Zwelethemba
Published: January 2025

In the various blocks of a finite group G, irreducible characters sit with the indecomposable modules which afford them and such indecomposable modules in those blocks have got vertices and sources and in fact, every p-subgroup of G is a vertex of some indecomposable FG-module. For any finite group G and a field F of characteristic p, where p is a prime that divides the order |G| of G, every indecomposable FG-module possesses a vertex and a source. Furthermore for a finite group G, kernels of the irreducible FG-modules, vertices of the irreducible FG-modules and defect groups of blocks of G all contain Op(G). Furthermore, the kernels of blocks of G are normal p′-subgroups of G which are contained in Op′(G), where Op′(G) is the kernel of the principal block of G. The kernels of blocks of G are related to the kernels of the indecomposable FG-modules in those blocks. The object in this paper is to study characteristics and/or properties of vertices of indecomposable FG-modules in relation to irreducible ordinary characters that they afford and sit with in blocks of G and furthermore study characteristics and/or properties that exist between kernels of irreducible FG-modules, vertices of irreducible FG-modules and defect groups of blocks of G and even establish as to when and how any and/or all of these would (if at all possible) coincide.
The Application of ICT in Safeguarding the Rights of Suspects during the Police Interview in Tanzania; Law and Practice
Authors: Ngogo Luka
Published: January 2025

This paper examines on law and practice of the application of ICT in protecting the rights of suspects during the police interview. The study is conducted with the assumption that the legal framework in Tanzania does not effectively accommodate the application of ICT during police interviews with suspects and thus the police officers do not apply ICT in conducting interviews with suspects. This study makes an in-depth analysis of the role of ICT devices during the police interview in protecting the rights of suspects. The study makes a critical analysis of the existing legal framework, identifies gaps or shortcomings in the said laws and analyses how the same contribute to the problem.  The researcher applied doctrinal research methodology and the same was complemented by an empirical research methodology. The researcher collected primary data through a review of various laws, the same was complemented by interviews from sampled respondents. Secondary data were also collected through documentary reviews of books, articles, journal papers, and reports from both physical and online sources