bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of building layout on pedestrian level wind comfort and gas pollutant diffusion
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhang Tianxiao , Xie Haiying , Wang Xiaoxiao
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The impacts of building layout on pedestrian level wind comfort and gas pollutant diffusion are simulated using computational fluid dynamics method.
Materials and methods: The control equations of flow and pollutant diffusion are solved by using ANSYS Fluent. The SIMPLE algorithm is selected for the pressure-velocity coupling. The data from wind tunnel experiment at Tokyo Polytechnic University is employed in the validation case.
Results: The velocity field and turbulence intensity at pedestrian level under different building layouts are obtained. The distribution and evaluation of wind comfort grade and pollutant concentration are given.
Conclusion: Building layouts have significant impacts on flow and pollutant diffusion at pedestrian level. The outward staggered layout of building group can improve both wind comfort grade and air quality, but the inward staggered layout has the adverse effect. Non-staggered layouts are the worst in terms of the wind comfort grade in this paper.
Risk and Vulnerability Assessment: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Arshad
Published: December 2021

Climate change has put the planet earth on high risk due to flash, riverine flooding and droughts. Unprecedented frequent flooding, hurricanes, droughts and heavy snowfalls can be witnessed in the past few decades. Now no country can declare itself safe from the negative impacts of changing climate. To reduce the risk of potential damages, vulnerability and risk assessment can give a clear picture of a particular region regarding a specific hazard. It will help the administration to address those areas which are highly at risk due to a certain hazard so as to minimize collateral damages in future.
In Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Nowshera was one of the most affected districts. It has destroyed building stock, livestock and crops in most parts of the district. To minimize these losses in future, this research has been carried out to assess the current condition of building stock in Nowshera Cantt and Nowshera City area. This research explores in detail the building stock vulnerability and associated risk. This research has found that the flood reoccurrence time period is 7 years for zone 1and 7. While other zones 2, 3,4,5,6,8 and 9 have 81 years of reoccurrence time period. Based on the physical vulnerability, this research found that there are five types of buildings in the study area. Vulnerability of Type 1 to 5 are varying  from strong to weak according to its  structures having RCC roof, strong walls, plain concrete / tiles floor. Flood risk map has been produced on the basis of flood frequency and typology of high frequency structures in that particular area. The research explicitly shows different areas in risk map according to the level of risk i.e. from low to high risk zones.  This research has found that binding material is the major factor in structural damages in the study area.
Massive Damage to Coastal Region of Bangladesh by the Cyclone Storm YASS
Authors: Islam Aminul , Hasan Mehedi , Ferdous Nahid , Hossain Rajib
Published: December 2021

Background: Tropical cyclones have significant destructive features like strong winds, heavy rainfall, and storms. It happens frequently in Bangladesh because of its geographical position. The southern parts of Bangladesh suffer most, especially the south-western region. Cyclone YASS hit the same parts of the country as cyclone Amphan did in 2020. These areas are still reeling from the effects of the prior tragedies.
Methods: Secondary data has used to full fill the objective of the study investigating the damages of cyclone YASS in Bangladesh.
Results: Wind and storm surge of the cyclone affected the south-western of Bangladesh. In Patuakhali and Jhalokathi districts, people were mostly affected and houses were mostly damaged in Patuakhali district. Paddy fields were mostly damaged and fish farms in Satkhira district were mostly damaged due their proximity to the cyclone track. Some places have been affected due to the storm surge.
Conclusion: Due to the lack of suitable embankments in the coastal region, these areas are flooded by the storm surge. Authorities and government has to take necessary steps to overcome the losses.
COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mental Health Impact on Elders
Authors: Moslehi Shandiz , Roshanravan Mostafa
Published: December 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Emergencia del derecho a la alimentación: Latinoamérica en la construcción del régimen internacional de los derechos humanos
Authors: Valbuena Latorre Paola , Badillo Sarmiento Reynell
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo reconstruye el origen y la trayectoria del derecho a la alimentación desde una perspectiva constructivista sobre la emergencia de las normas. Para ello, se hizo una revisión de prensa utilizando el archivo de Google News, se analizaron los discursos de las delegaciones durante los momentos de toma de decisión de la Declaración Universal sobre los Derechos del Hombre y se reconstruyó el proceso de inclusión del derecho a la alimentación dentro de ella. Los autores concluyen que el papel de las delegaciones latinoamericanas en la construcción del régimen internacional de los derechos humanos fue crucial y, por ende, cuestionan la idea de que su origen haya estado en la matriz de los países hegemónicos del sistema internacional. Asimismo, cuestionan la visión secuencial sobre las etapas de creación de una norma y la imposibilidad de observar su trayectoria luego del proceso de creación. En ese sentido, este artículo, a través de un estudio de caso, no solo contribuye al entendimiento sobre el derecho a la alimentación, sino que sirve para cuestionar la teoría dominante sobre la emergencia de las normas y las visiones tanto realistas como críticas sobre los derechos humanos.
Tacca starch: A review of its production, physiocochemical properties, modification and industrial uses
Authors:   Raw Materials Research and Development Council, Nigeria, Omojola MO
Published: December 2021

The quest for cheaper and higher quality starch from biological materials has necessitated research into lesser known plants which have better physicochemic al properties over the present commercial starch sources such as corn, cassava, potato, wheat and rice. Corn starch contributes about 80 % of the total global starch production, which is dominated by the developed countries, whereas cassava production wher e the developing nations have comparative advantage contributes only 7.5 %, because cassava products are heavily consumed as staple food. A viable option is to develop some of the unutilized starchy crops that grow wildly in the developing countries. One of such plants is the generic Tacca , which is native to tropical regions of the world where it grows in the wild and domesticated in some areas of the Pacific islands. In Nigeria alone, these plants grow in the wild as in other parts of Africa, virtually unutilized with an annual production estimated at over 20 million MT. The extracted starch (over 30 % wt/wt basis) and the modified derivative (citrate) have been found to be better disintegrants in drug formulations than corn starch , because of higher swelling power, and amylose content, almost zero fat and lower gelatinization temperature. It could also be used in the textile industry for stiffening fabrics. The African region does not have advantage in corn production because of high production cost arising from high requirements of fertilizer and pesticides coupled with severe drought. Investment in Tacca plantation and its industrial starch production can complement the cassava initiative revolution that is presently going on in Africa as a sustainable strategy to alleviate hunger and improve the economic growth of the continent. If the industrial potentials of Tacca plant are fully exploited for its starch production, it could make Africa significantly contribute to the global starch production. The available data on the industrial potentials of the plant and starch is adequate t o encourage the domestication and cultivation of this tropical plant in African countries.
The Different Dynamics of Femicide in a Small Nordic Welfare Society
Authors: Freysteinsdóttir Freydís Jóna
Published: December 2021

In this study, all cases of femicide in Iceland over a thirty-year period were explored. A total of sixteen women and girls were killed during the years 1986-2015. Femicide was defined in this study as the murder of a woman by a partner, former partner, or because of passion. According to this definition, eleven femicide cases occurred during this time period. The data analyzed were court verdicts and news reports of the incidents. Qualitative methods were used for analysis. Interestingly, there was a different dynamic related to femicide cases, which included 1) sex femicide, 2) former partners and 3) current partners. Alcohol consumption and the willingness of the victim to end sex appear to be a dangerous mixture, judging from the results of the sexually-related femicide cases. Alcohol consumption was a factor in all current partner femicide cases in addition to low SES status; empathy was lacking, and patriarchal views were prominent in some of them. In former partner femicide cases, jealousy and possessiveness were major themes, but not alcohol consumption. It is important to study such dynamics and contextual factors in greater detail in larger studies.
Factors that determine construction health and safety agent collaboration on construction projects: A Delphi study
Authors:   University of Johannesburg, Rantsatsi Ndaleni Phinias , Musonda Innocent , Agumba Justus
Published: December 2021

The construction industry (CI) continues to be the cause of injuries and illnesses to many workers worldwide. Collaboration between the construction health and safety agent (CHSA) and other built environment professionals may improve the impact of the CHSA on health and safety (H&S) performance. However, no study has identified the factors that determine CHSA collaboration on construction sites. A three rounds Delphi study was conducted to identify the factors that determine CHSA collaboration. A panel of 14 experts serving the CI were selected from four continents and were asked to identify additional factors and validate the factors identified from literature. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used to analyse the data; group medians were calculated to reach consensus, and open question responses were summarised qualitatively. The experts confirmed the existence of the factors identified in the literature. The factors that determine CHSA collaboration on construction projects include mutuality, trust, enabling environment, personal characteristics, common purpose, institutional support, and project context. Drawing from the findings, the study suggests that these seven factors can influence CHSA collaboration. The study is limited to 14 experts and more experts could have provided more information. The factors that determine CHSA collaboration identified in this study may not be exhaustive and another study may provide different factors. Further research could adopt other research methods such as the quantitative method, in order to determine the impact of these factors on CHSA collaboration. Factors that determine CHSA collaboration on construction projects should be identified, implemented, and monitored, in order to increase the influence of CHSA on H&S performance.
Canine and Feline Dirofilariasis Currently Spreads in Indonesia Damaging Pulmonary Arteries and Lungs: A Literature Review
Authors: Dayanti Marissa Divia , Batan I Wayan , Margaretha Aloysiana , Tama Kevin Tri
Published: December 2021

Dirofilariasis, caused by Dirofilaria immitis, mostly known as heartworm disease, is an important mosquito-borne nematode zoonosis that naturally infects canids and other species such as cats, ferrets, and humans. There have been reports of heartworm infection from many countries in worldwide. Researchers have reported D. immitis is widely distributed in Southeast Asia because this parasitic zoonosis disease lives in temperate, tropical, and subtropical areas and can be found in colder regions. Therefore, the authors intended to provide an overview of Dirofilariasis cases in Indonesia from a global perspective. The published articles of dirofilariasis were collected and retrieved by an electronic literature search of three databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. The literature presented is intended to enhance our current understanding of the overview of D. immitis infection and its prevalence in Indonesia from a global perspective. D. immitis infection can cause caval syndrome in dogs as well as a cardiopulmonary syndrome known as Heartworm-Associated Respiratory Diseases (HARD), which can become fatal as the number of worms infecting the host increases. Whereas in cats, although the number of worms in the host are very few (one to six worms) they can cause pathological changes in the pulmonary arteries which result in a more serious infection than in dogs and endanger life.
Czas jako sposób bycia istoty śmiertelnej — polemika Lévinasa z Heideggerem
Authors: Kozak Magdalena
Published: December 2021

The aim of my article is to juxtapose and compare the concept of man immersed in the ﬁnite (Heidegger) and on the other hand transcending towards the inﬁnite (Levinas). My task is to extract and analyse the fabulously contrasting moments in the thought of Heidegger and Levinas on the question of the connec-tion and interpenetration of time and death. Both philosophers grow out of the phenomenological tradition, but their analyses of the problem of the connection between time and death go in diﬀerent directions. The experiences of time and death are inextricably linked, but for Heidegger time is the ontological horizon of being, and for Levinas time is a way of being beyond being. For Heidegger, dying is about coming to the fullness of being. For Levinas, facing death is a struggle and even a war, a transcendence towards the inﬁnite. While for Heidegger death is the completion of the end, for Levinas death means an encounter with radical otherness, it is an opening and not a closing.
A pandemia e a educação na escola pública
Authors: Gracino Eliza Ribas , Silva Rosiane Machado da , Vaz Joana D Arc , Leal Sandra do Rocio Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo busca responder a questões referentes aos impactos do “ensino remoto” em uma escola pública de educação básica na cidade de Ponta Grossa, no Estado do Paraná. Utiliza-se da análise documental nos repositórios da instituição de ensino, levantando, a partir desses documentos, as principais dificuldades dessa nova modalidade de ensino para a educação básica decorrentes da pandemia causada pelo COVID-19. Para alcançar o objetivo traçado referente à análise das contradições existentes na proposta do “ensino remoto", discorre-se sobre questões relacionadas às políticas educacionais aplicadas às escolas para a validação do ano letivo no modelo remoto. Foram tratados alguns dos muitos  desafios impostos aos docentes e à comunidade escolar no processo de ensino e aprendizagens remoto.  Conclui-se que há um descompasso entre as propostas e a realidade emergente da escola para as classes populares em relação às elites sociais que, historicamente, se beneficiam dos serviços prestados pelo Estado, movidas  pelos ideais capitalistas, consolidando o ensino dual.
Mobile Application Purchase: Comparison of Utilitarian Features between Users and Non-users
Authors: Rahmanian Emad , Abomolouki Hassan
Published: December 2021

This study aims to understand how utilitarian features of a mobile application moderate purchase motivations and intentions among users and non-users. Taking a case of cinema ticket purchase in the Iranian context, this study has collected empirical data through a questionnaire from 240 respondents. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze data. Motivational variables were grouped into four groups: functional motivations, convenience-based functional motivations, product motivations, and service motivations. In addition, the gender issue of the consumer was also considered. This study finds that such motivational factors significantly affect consumers’ motivations, both male and female consumers. Analysis on gender shows no significant differences among male and female consumers. Therefore, these factors should be considered in formulating marketing communication strategy and media management, especially for non-users. Further research should consider other motivational factors, such as hedonic motivations, attitude, and situational factors, to understand consumer behaviors comprehensively. Keywords: marketing communication, mobile application, mobile purchase, utilitarian features, mobile marketing, cinema ticket.
Regional Differences in Control Operations During the 2019-2021 Desert Locust Upsurge
Authors: Retkute Renata , Hinton Rebekah G.K. , Cressman Keith , Gilligan Christopher A.
Published: December 2021

The desert locust remains a major threat to global food security. Control operations are a crucial tool to manage crisis; this research investigated the nature of control operations conducted between 2019-2021. Historical data on desert locust and control operations were obtained from the survey reports at the FAO Locust Hub and analysed with respect to survey reports, land cover types, cropland/rangeland extent and crop productivity data. We found that 16.1% of the grid cells with locust presence and 14.9% of the grid cells with control operations had a proportion of rangeland higher than 0.75; while 13.3% of the grid cells with locust presence and 13.2% of the grid cells with control operations had a proportion of croplands higher than 0.75, highlighting that locust presence and control operations were reported in both rangeland and cropland. Control operations continue to be used both to reduce overall locust numbers and to protect crops. Furthermore, through identifying which crops were most at risk, our analyses indicate that wheat production was under the highest strain during periods of increased locust infestations.
Cutting Force When Machining Hardened Steels
Authors: Osička Karel , Chladil Josef , Sliwková Petra , Zouhar Jan
Published: December 2021

This article deals primarily with the problem of determining the cutting force when machining hardened steels. Secondary issues are focused on the evaluation of surface quality on machined samples and the recommendation of cutting conditions. A wide variety of components are used in engineering, the final heat treatment of which is hardening. These components are usually critical in a particular product. The quality of these components determines the correct functioning of the entire technical equipment and ultimately its service life. In our case, these are the core parts of thrust bearings, specifically the rolling elements. The subject of the experiment is machining these components in the hardened state with cubic boron nitride tools and continuous measurement of the cutting force using a dynamometer. The following evaluation assesses the surface quality by both touch and non-touch methods. A structural equation with appropriate constant and exponents was then constructed from the data obtained using the dynamometer.
Genome Wide Identification of Key Components of RNA Silencing in Two Phaseolus vulgaris Genotypes of Contrasting Origin and Their Expression Analyses in Response to Fungal Infection
Authors: Alvarez-Diaz Juan Camilo , Richard Manon , Thareau Vincent , Teano Gianluca , Paysant-Le-Roux Christine , Rigaill Guillem , Pflieger Stéphanie , Gratias Ariane , Geffroy Valérie
Published: December 2021

RNA silencing serves key roles in a multitude of cellular processes, including development, stress responses, metabolism, and maintenance of genome integrity. Dicer, Argonaute (AGO), double-stranded RNA binding (DRB), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) and DNA-dependent RNA polymerases known as Pol IV and Pol V form core components to trigger RNA silencing. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is an important staple crop worldwide. In this study, we aimed to unravel the components of the RNA-guided silencing pathway in this non-model plant taking advantage of the availability of two genome assemblies of Andean and Meso-American origin. We identified six PvDCLs, thirteen PvAGOs, 10 PvDRB, 5 PvRDR, in both genotypes, suggesting no recent gene amplification or deletion after the gene pool separation. In addition, we identified one PvNRPD1 and one PvNRPE1 encoding the largest subunits of Pol IV and Pol V, respectively. These genes were categorized into subgroups based on phylogenetic analyses. Comprehensive analyses of gene structure, genomic localization and similarity among these genes were performed. Their expression patterns were investigated by means of expression models in different organs using online data and quantitative RT-PCR after pathogen infection. Several of the candidate genes were up-regulated after infection with the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum.
Prospective Evaluation of Circulating miR-126, mir-197 and mir-223 in Relation to Cardiometabolic Diseases
Authors: Gallo Widet Helene , Ottosson Filip , Kennbäck Cecilia , Jujic Amra , Esguerra Jonathan , Eliasson Lena , Melander Olle
Published: December 2021

We aim to investigate if serum levels of microRNAs: miR-126, mir-197 and mir-223, previously implicated in cardiometabolic disease, are reproducibly associated with incident-diabetes (inc-DM), incident-cardiovascular disease (inc-CVD) and with carotid atherosclerosis (measured for the maximum thickness of the intima-media of the carotid bulb (IMT)). The microRNAs were measured, one: in serum of 553 subjects from the baseline exam of the Swedish prospective cohort, Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDC-CC), with 169 subjects who developed CVD and 140 DM (16 years follow-up) and, two: in 1221 subjects from the Malmö Offspring Study (MOS), with 14 de-veloped CVD and 12 DM (3.7 years follow-up). Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship of serum-concentrations of the microRNAs and inc-DM, inc-CVD, IMT-bulb respectively. In MDC-CC, miR-126 showed significant positive association with inc-DM (p= 0.01) whereas in fully adjusted model, the association was borderline significant (p= 0.05). The results were not replicated in MOS. There was no consistent significant association between the microRNAs with IMT or inc-CVD in any cohort. Our results do not support previous reports on significant associations between these microRNAs and the risk of CMD, as they were not reproducible in our cohorts. In addition, the directionality of any associations found were not consistent with those previously reported.
Variations in Plant Growth Characteristics due to Oxygen Plasma Irradiation on Leaf and Seed
Authors: Hayashi Nobuya , Yamamoto Kyotaro
Published: December 2021

Gene expression variations of plant leaf are investigated by irradiating seed and leaf with oxygen or air plasmas. Enhancement of leaf growth is induced by oxygen plasma irradiation on seeds, which is supported by increased gene expression for protein synthesis, oxidative-reduction reactions and decreased gene expression concerning DNA methylation and histone modification. Suppression of leaf growth is observed by the oxygen plasma, which would be owing to increased gene expression concerning heat shock protein and redox reaction, and decreased expression of photosynthesis and glycoprotein. Also, gene expression variation due to air plasma irradiation is almost same as that of oxygen plasma. Active oxygen species are major factors in both oxygen and air plasmas for the variation of gene expressions in plant.
Exogenous Application of Methyl Jasmonate Increases Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds in Pyrenean Oak Trees, Quercus pyrenaica
Authors: Amo Luisa , Mrazova Anna , Saavedra Irene , Sam Katerina
Published: December 2021

The tri-trophic interactions between plants, insects, and insect predators and parasitoids are often mediated by chemical cues. The attraction to Herbivore-Infested Plant Volatiles (HIPVs) has been well documented for arthropod predators and parasitoids, and more recently for insectivorous birds. The attraction to plant volatiles induced by the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a phytohormone typically produced in response to an attack of chewing herbivores, have provided controversial results, both in arthropod and avian predators. In this study, we aimed to examine whether potential differences in the composition of bouquets of volatiles produced by Herbivore-infested and MeJA-treated Pyrenean oak trees (Quercus pyrenaica) were related to differential avian attraction, as results from a previous study suggested. Results showed that the overall emission of volatiles produced by MeJA-treated and Herbivore-infested trees did not differ, and were higher than emissions of Control trees, although MeJA treatment showed more significant reaction and released several specific compounds in contrast to Herbivore-induced trees. These slight differences in the volatile composition may explain why avian predators were not so attracted to MeJA-treated trees as observed in a previous study in this plant-herbivore system. Unfortunately, the lack of avian visits to the experimental trees in the current study does not allow us to confirm this result and points out the need to perform more robust predator studies.
Assessing Entomological and Epidemiological Efficacy of Pyriproxyfen-treated Ovitraps Using Saliva Samples
Authors: Ligsay Antonio D. , Tambio Kristan Jela M. , Aytona Michelle Joyce M. , Alejandro Grecebio Jonathan D. , Regencia Zypher Jude G. , Baja Emmanuel S. , Paul Richard Edward L.
Published: December 2021

Our study assessed the impact of using ovitraps with pyriproxyfen on mosquito populations and the feasibility of using human saliva samples to test for seroconversion to dengue virus (DENV). We used a quasi-experimental research design by forming the intervention (n=220) and the control (n=223) groups in neighboring Taguig City, Philippines, over four months. Socio-demographic data, entomological indices, and IgG antibodies against DENV were measured. Associations between the implementation of ovitraps dosed with pyriproxyfen and mosquito densities (percentage positive ovitraps and container indices) and DENV seroconversion were calculated post-intervention in Months 2, 3, and 4. Among participants recruited at baseline, 17 and 13 were seropositive for dengue (DENV) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Both entomological indices were lower in the treated area than the control site at months two, three, and four post-interventions but not earlier. Dengue seroconversions rates did decrease in the treated population but not significantly so. In conclusion, the use of PPF-treated ovitraps impacted the mosquito population but not the seroconversion rates. Compliance to provide saliva samples and the ability to detect IgG antibodies within these samples were encouraging and suggested that further studies on a larger population and longer duration are warranted.
Exploring the Efficacy of Aqueous Extracts of Malus domestica var Anna, Prunus persica, Ricinus Communis and Carica papaya Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
Authors: Bhattacharyya Malini , Semwal Sudeep , Thapliyal Jyoti , Patni Babita
Published: December 2021

Medicinal plants have antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. More or less all plants have medicinal properties. In this research article, we have selected four economically important plants (three fruit plants and an economically important plant), Malus domestica Borkh., Prunus persica L., Ricinus communis L., and Carica papaya L. found in several areas of Indian state Uttarakhand. Using the methanolic extract of leaves, we have screened those four plants against four human pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. For our experiment we have screened the methanolic leaf extracts of four plants against the above-mentioned bacteria. Statistical analysis was also performed for validation. Result revealed the said bacteria have potential antibacterial activities. So, these leaves can be used for clinical trial. These plants can also be used for making herbal medicines.
Keragaman Genetik Klon Lokal Kopi Robusta Asal Temanggung Berdasarkan Marka SSR
Authors: Sulistiyorini Indah , Izzah Nur Kholilatul , Dani Dani , Martono Budi
Published: December 2021

Temanggung is one of the centers of Robusta coffee production in Central Java, with a variety of potential local coffee clones. The exploration found that several numbers of local Robusta coffee clones had the potential to have high productivity and were resistant to pests/diseases. However, their level of genetic similarity to the superior clones that have been released has not been clearly identified. This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Temanggung local Robusta coffee clones based on SSR markers. The study was conducted at the Molecular Laboratory of the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute from February to December 2018. A total of 29 local coffee clones derived from Temanggung along with two control coffee clones (BP 42 and BP 358) were used. All the 14 SSR markers used in the present study were polymorphic and could cluster those local coffee clones into 5 major groups at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.57. Four local coffee clones (Putih Daun Lebar, Lokal, Tugusari Hijau and Tugusari Kuning) were in the same group with control clones in group I. One local clone (Tugusari Hijau) had a genetic similarity with the control clone BP 358 at 0.91. Meanwhile, the other 25 local clones were in different groups from the control clones. These local clones, which showed genetic distance far from the control clones, can be selected as candidates for local superior clones in coffee breeding program.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Sensoris Kopi Arabika Menoreh dengan Teknik Seduhan Cold Brew
Authors: Amri Aldicky Faizal , Taqiyuddin Muhammad , Atmaka Windi , Herawati Ervika Rahayu Novita
Published: December 2021

Coffee is one of the most widely distributed and consumed beverages in the world. In general, coffee is brewed using hot water, but as the coffee industry develops, cold water also can be used for the coffee brewing process. This brewing technique is known as cold brew. There is little information regarding the characteristics of cold brew coffee. Therefore it is necessary to study the characteristics of cold brew beverages, especially with local Indonesian coffee as its main ingredient. This research used Menoreh Arabica coffee as its main research object. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Menoreh Arabica coffee with cold brew brewing techniques. This research begins with roasting coffee into three types, which is light (T = 193 oC, t = 5 minute), medium (T = 208 oC, t = 7 minute), and dark (T = 223 oC, t = 13 minute). Furthermore, the coffee is grinded into two types grind size (medium and coarse). Samples of cold brew formulation were made with an extraction time of 8 hours. The sensory analysis is conducted based on the SCA method. Sensory data analysis was done to determine the three best formulations according to roast profiles, continued with the physicochemical analysis. The best cold brew sample obtained from this research was medium-coarse Arabica Menoreh coffee, with the highest sensory parameters values in aroma, acidity, aftertaste, and sweetness. The value of pH, chlorogenic acid, and some organic acids affect acidity. Lactic acid affects body value, and caffeine levels were relatively stable in each sample. This research result can be used as a reference for product diversification of Arabica Menoreh coffee.
HALAL COSMETICS REPURCHASE INTENTION: THE ROLE OF MARKETING ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Jalil Mohamad Isa Abd , Lada Suddin , Bakri Mohd Ashari , Hassan Zakiah
Published: December 2021

This research aims to study the effects of social media marketing strategies on the repurchase intention among suppliers of halal cosmetics in the context of Malaysia. The study, based on the theory of social media marketing, identifies these ties, and considers the mediating functions of word-of-mouth brand recognition and electronic word-of-mouth communication (e-WOM). The work takes a holistic view of brand recognition and e-WOM with reference to the two main relations, social media marketing strategy and repurchasing intention. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method was employed and data collected from 300 respondents (followers) via an online questionnaire. The results indicate that there is a significant influence of social media marketing (SMM) on repurchase intention, brand awareness, and e-WOM; the impact is higher on brand awareness, followed by repurchase intention and eWOM. These results demonstrate that efficient brand management of the use of social media platforms will help increase brand awareness among halal cosmetics buyers. When used correctly, SMM may assist the distribution and communication of the most up-to-date information on cosmetic products and brands, resulting in increased awareness and repurchase intent. At the same time, eWOM is a useful tool for their respective followers to disseminate information. The research has important implications for the halal cosmetics sector, as it contributes to the theoretical and management literature on social media marketing strategy.
Design Optimization of Secondary Element of Single-Sided Linear Induction Motors Using a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Prakht V. A. , Goman V. V. , Paramonov A. S.
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the use of genetic algorithms for the design of linear induction motors. Comparison of genetic algorithm with classical methods in the context of electrical machines designing has been carried out. The results of solving an optimization problem for two designs are presented, viz. a laboratory linear induction electric motor based on a three-phase SL-5-100 inductor and a traction single-sided linear induction electric motor of an urban transport system. The optimality criterion included maximizing the power factor and efficiency, as well as the rigidity of the mechanical characteristic while ensuring a starting traction force of at least a set value. The results of optimization of such parameters of the secondary element as the width and thickness of the conductive strip as well as the thickness of the magnetic circuit are described. The relevance of the problem of optimizing the parameters of the secondary element with unchanged parameters of the inductor is due to the fact that the same inductor can be used to build various structures, while the secondary element is created for each specific application and integrated directly into the working body of the mechanism or is a driven product. To calculate the traction and energy characteristics of linear induction electric motors, an electromagnetic model based on detailed equivalent circuits was used, taking into account longitudinal and transverse edge effects and providing a calculation time for one set of parameters of about 1 s. In accordance with this model, the electric motor is reduced to a set of three detailed equivalent circuits: a magnetic circuit, primary and secondary electrical circuits. The result of the optimization of these electric motors was an increase in the efficiency by 1.6 and 1.4 %, respectively, an increase in the power factor by 0.9 and 0.2 %, and an increase in the rigidity of traction characteristics and starting traction force.
Encoder Lipschitz Integers: The Lipschitz integers that have the ”division with small remainder” property
Authors: Duram Ramazan , Güzeltepe Murat
Published: December 2021

The residue class set of a Lipschitz integer is constructed by modulo function with primitive Lipschitz integer whose norm is a prime integer, i.e. prime Lipschitz integer. In this study, we consider primitive Lipschitz integer whose norm is both a prime integer and not a prime integer. If the norm of each element of the residue class set of a Lipschitz integer is less than the norm of the primitive Lipschitz integer used to construct the residue class set of the Lipschitz integer, then, the Euclid division algorithm works for this primitive Lipschitz integer. The Euclid division algorithm always works for prime Lipschitz integers. In other words, the prime Lipschitz integers have the ”division with small remainder” property. However, this property is ignored in some studies that have a constructed Lipschitz residue class set that lies on primitive Lipschitz integers whose norm is not a prime integer. In this study, we solve this problem by defining Lipschitz integers that have the ”division with small remainder” property, namely, encoder Lipschitz integers set. Therefore, we can define appropriate metrics for codes over Lipschitz integers. Also, we investigate the performances of Lipschitz signal constellations (the left residue class set) obtained by modulo function with Lipschitz integers, which have the ”division with small remainder” property, over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel by agency of the constellation figure of merit (CFM), average energy, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
A Simple and Efficient Protocol for Hairy Root Culture of Arabidopsis Thaliana
Authors: Paul Pijush , Majumdar Sukanya , Jha Sumita
Published: December 2021

Hairy root culture (HRC) is a valuable biotechnological tool for the production of plant secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolome study of Arabidopsis thaliana can be helpful in understanding the biological roles of various secondary metabolites present in it and HRC constructs the base of such study. The present work deals with the establishment of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains transformed HRC of A. thaliana with very high transformation frequency resulting in long term hairy root cultures grown in hormone free media. Optimization of culture medium and standardisation of co-cultivation period are the key role players in obtaining high frequency of hairy roots. Four days of preculture in CIM medium and five min of co-cultivation in the bacterial suspension were found to be optimal conditions for root induction. This protocol could become a powerful tool for transcriptomics and proteomics-based studies for different transgenic root lines of A. thaliana.
Neutrophil extracellular traps orchestrate formation of peritoneal adhesions
Authors: Boettcher Michael , Schönfeld Lavinia , Heuer Annika , Elrod Julia , Stiel Carolin , Raluy Laia Pagerols , Trochimiuk Magdalena , Appl Birgit , Saygi Ceren , Zlatar Leticija , Schoen Janina , Hosari Sami , Royzman Dmytro , Winkler Thomas , Grutzmann Robert , Schett Georg , Knopf Jasmin , Tomuschat Christian , Reinshagen Konrad , Herrmann Martin , Fuchs Tobias
Published: December 2021

Peritoneal adhesions are a poorly understood but highly prevalent condition that can lead to intestinal obstruction, pelvic pain, and infertility. While there is consensus that stress-induced inflammation triggers peritoneal adhesions, the process of their formation remained elusive to date. Herein, we show that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) serve as essential scaffold for adhesion formation and that DNases interfere with this process. Thus, peritoneal adhesions in murine models and in humans showed that these lesions are largely based on extracellular DNA derived from neutrophils. Furthermore, treatment with DNASE1 or a DNASE1L3 analog significantly reduced or even prevented peritoneal adhesions in experimental models. These data not only suggest that NET formation plays an essential role in peritoneal adhesions but also show that therapeutic application of DNases can prevent the formation of peritoneal adhesions.
Establishment and Functional Characterization of Immortalized Rabbit Dermal Papilla Cell Lines
Authors: Li Jiali , Zhao Bohao , Zhang Chen , Zhang Xiyu , Dai Yingying , Hu Shuaishuai , Yang Naisu , Chen Yang , Wu Xinsheng
Published: December 2021

Background
Hair follicle (HF) undergo periodic growth and development in mammals, which regulated by dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are reported to play an important role in the HF morphogenesis and development. However, primary DPCs have low proliferative activity, age quickly, and fresh cell isolation is both time-consuming and laborious.
Method
In this study, we introduced SV40LT into dissociated early passage rabbit vibrissae DPCs with lentiviral vectors and established seven immortalized DP cell lines (R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5, R-6 and R-7).
Result
These cell lines displayed early passage morphology and displayed high alkaline phosphatase activity. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that all the immortalized cell lines expressed the DPC markers (α-SMA ,IGF1, ALPL, FGF2, BMP2 and TGFβ2; α-SMA and VIM protein), but α-SMA was only expressed well in R-3, R-4, and R-7. Furthermore, it was found that R-7 was the only line to survive beyond 50 passages. Compared to melanoma cells, R-7 did not undergo malignant transformation. Karyotyping and cell growth viability analysis illustrated that the R-7 cell line preserved the basic characteristics of primary DPCs.
Conclusion
The R-7 DPCs established have potential application for future hair research. The study provides the theoretical basis in the cell research of HF growth and development.
Feature-guided Deep Subdomain Adaptation Network for Dataset Mismatch in Spatial Steganalysis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Hongxia , He Peisong , Abdullahi Sani M. , Li Bin
Published: December 2021

Steganalysis aims to detect covert communication established via steganography. In recent years, numerous deep learning-based image steganalysis methods with high performance have been proposed. However, these methods tend to suffer from distinct performance degradation when cover images in the train and test set are quite different, also known as cover source mismatch. To address this limitation, in this paper, a feature-guided deep subdomain adaptation network is proposed. Initially, the predictions of the pretrained model are used as pseudo labels to divide the unlabeled samples of the target domain into different subdomains, and the distributions of the relevant subdomains are aligned by subdomain adaptation. Afterwards, since the steganalysis model may assign incorrect predictions to samples in the target domain, we integrate guiding features to make the division of subdomains more precise. The experimental results show that the proposed network is significantly better than other three networks such as Steganalysis Residual Network (SRNet), deep adaptive network (J-Net) and Deep Subdomain Adaptation Network (DSAN), when it is used to detect three spatial steganographic algorithms with a wide variety of datasets and payloads. Especially, compared with SRNet, the average accuracy of our method is increased by 5.4% at 0.4bpp and 8.5% at 0.2bpp in the case of dataset mismatch.
Integration of Proteomics and Metabonomics in Exploring the Protecting Mechanism of Gushukang Capsule in Osteoporosis Rats
Authors: LIN Ruohui , XIE Bingying , XIE Lihua , GE Jirong , Li Shengqiang
Published: December 2021

Background

Gushukang (GSK) capsule is a Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP). It has been widely used in clinics. However, the specific mechanism and target of GSK in the treatment of osteoporosis is not clear, which needs further study.
Methods

Metabolomics (GC/MS) and proteomics (TMT-LC-MC/MC) together with bioinformatics (KEGG pathway enrichment), correlation analysis (pearson correlation matrix) and joint pathway analysis (Metabo Analyst) were employed to discover the underlying mechanisms of GSK.
Results

The regulations of differential proteins Cant1, Gstz1, Aldh3b1, Bid and Slc1a3 in the common metabolic pathway of differential proteins and metabolites between GSK/OP and OP/SHAM were corrected in GSK group. The regulations of 12 metabolites (Tyramine、Thymidine、Deoxycytidine、Cytosine、L-Aspartate and so on) were differential in the common enrichment metabolic pathway between GSK /OVX and OVX/SHAM. Differential proteins and metabolites jointly regulate 11 metabolic pathways, such as purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, histidine metabolism, beta-Alanine metabolism and so on.
Conclusion

GSK may protect bone metabolism in osteoporosis rats by affecting nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism and immune system.
Bibliometric study of ‘overviews of systematic reviews’ of health interventions: evaluation of prevalence, citation and impact factor
Authors: Lunny Carole , Neelakant Trish , Chen Alyssa , Shinger Gavindeep , Stevens Adrienne , Tasnim Sara , Sadeghipouya Shadi , Adams Stephen , Zheng Yi Wen , Lin Lester , Yang Pei Hsuan , Dosanjh Manpreet , Ngsee Peter , Ellis Ursula , Shea Beverley J. , Reid Emma K. , Wright James M.
Published: December 2021

Background: Overviews synthesising the results of multiple systematic reviews help inform evidence-based clinical practice. In this first of two companion papers, we evaluate the bibliometrics of overviews, including their prevalence and factors affecting citation rates and JIF (JIF).Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Epistemonikos and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR). We included overviews that: (a) synthesised reviews, (b) conducted a systematic search, (c) had a methods section, and (d) examined a healthcare intervention. Multivariable regression was conducted to determine the association between citation density, JIF and 6 predictor variables. Results: We found 1218 overviews published from 2000 to 2020; the majority (73%) were published in the most recent 5-year period. We extracted a selection of these overviews (n=541; 44%) dated from 2000 to 2018. The 541 overviews were published in 307 journals; CDSR (8%), PLOS ONE (3%) and Sao Paulo Medical Journal (2%) were the most prevalent. The majority (70%) were published in journals with impact factors between 0.05 and 3.97. We found a mean citation count of 10 overviews per year, published in journals with a mean JIF of 4.4. In multivariable analysis, overviews with a high number of citations and JIFs had more authors, larger sample sizes, were open access and reported the funding source. Conclusions: An 8-fold increase in the number of overviews was found between 2009 and 2020. We identified 332 overviews published in 2020, which is equivalent to 1 overview published per day. Overviews perform above average for the journals in which they publish.