bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Some Teachers Just Simply Care”: Respect in Urban Student-Teacher Relationships
Authors: Singer Alexandra F. , Audley Shannon
Published: March 2021

Teachers are ethically obligated to care for their students. One overlooked means of demonstrating care is through respect. However, because respectful behaviors are culturally dependent, exploring experiences of respect from students of color is needed to provide insight into student-teacher relationships. To understand students’ experiences of respect from teachers in the school setting, we interviewed 12 adolescents and emerging adults of color (M age = 17, SD age = 1.81) who attended Urban schools, about their experiences of respect from their teachers. We deductively and inductively coded the interviews separately for definitions of respect and experiences of respect from teachers using six themes of respect. Ultimately, youth often defined respect as the golden rule and politeness. However, when discussing instances of respect with teachers, youth described teachers demonstrating care for students’ personal lives and academic success. Our findings suggest that students identify behaviors associated with care as respectful, which diverge from decontextualized definitions of respect. Policy changes should focus on promoting student-teacher relationships, focusing on culturally sensitive teaching and caring for students. Specifically, policy should support classroom level changes, such as the co-construction of respect expectations between students and teachers.
'Don’t Worry, I Got You. You Can Do This': A Student-Centered Approach to Reimagining College Access
Authors: Bahl Tara
Published: March 2021

As high school college counselor caseloads increase, they have less time for consistent one-on-one counseling to support students with college planning. Thus, for many students – particularly those in large or under-resourced schools – the process is depersonalized, focused on simply distributing information. Drawing on narrative and ethnographic research, this paper explores a unique program that positions young people as paid college access professionals in their schools. Findings show that these students – Youth College Counselors (YCC) – make college planning a more student-centered, meaningful experience. Strategies YCCs engage with to support peers are examined to shine a light on how YCCs use their unique position inside schools to rethink college planning. YCCs resist a dominant narrative of young people, particularly those who live in marginalized communities, as objects onto which policy happens, and instead serve as school change actors. Findings suggest that high schools must create space in policy and practice to thoughtfully position students as agents of school change.
Queering Elementary Education: A Queer Curriculum for 4th Grade
Authors: Butensky Emma , Williams Brown Kimberly
Published: March 2021

This project explores the positioning of queer students and queer curriculum in schools with a specific focus on elementary education. Using intersectionality as a guiding framework along with queer theories, educational theories, and feminist theories, this project examines and critiques how queer subjectivities have (not) been included in schools via curriculum for elementary school children. In an effort to better understand how educators have been successfully incorporating queer topics into their classrooms, this study uses qualitative research methods, specifically semi-structured interviews with teachers in New York City. The findings from this study have been used to create a 23-lesson curriculum for 4th grade teachers that investigates bodies, puberty, sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation. Furthermore, the curriculum uses an intersectional lens to explore how various identities such as race, gender, ability, sexuality, and religion intersect to inform understandings of privilege and discrimination.
Sequencing Coding Region and in Silico Structural Analysis of Protein Hexon of HAdV-3 Causing Conjunctivitis in Vietnam
Authors: Sang Nguyen Van , Huyen Nguyen Thi Thu , Anh Le Tuan
Published: March 2021

Human adenovirus (HAdVs) are responsible for about 65-90% of viral conjunctivitis. Understandings of HAdVs bring promises in prevention, treatments, and biological preparations. However, thorough researches on structural proteins of HAdVs are still limited in Vietnam. In this study, we have sequenced the entire coding gene of protein hexon from HAdV-3 causing conjunctivitis in Vietnam and compared with the reference sequence in NCBI database. We detected 42 DNA variants, of which, 11 resulted in amino acid substitutions. Simulation of HAdV-3 hexon structure showed that all 11 substitutions located in crucial positions. This result revealed high risks from hexon gene variants of HAdV-3 enhancing its life span, virulence, and ability to avoid the host immune system.
Preparation of the Magnetic Composite Materials Fe3O4/ Hydroxyapatite and Its Application for Removal of 2,4-D and Chrysoidine Crystal
Authors: Linh Han Duy , Anh Cao Phuong , Viet Cao , Phong Le Thi Hong , Hoan Nguyen Xuan
Published: March 2021

In this study, magnetite nanoparticles (IONPs), hydroxyapatite (HAp), hybrid composite of magnetite/hydroxyapatite (IONPs-HAp) were prepared by the hydrothermal method. The prepared materials were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), and Zeta phoremeter. The obtained results show that the Fe3O4 have a cubic crystal structure and have a nanoparticle's size (< 100 nm), the nano Fe3O4 were well dispersed with the hydroxyapatite to form the composite IONPs-HAp materials. The adsorption capacity of these materials for 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and Chrysoidine crystal removal were also investigated in the same condition. The prepared IONPs-HAp composite materials have the ability to adsorb selectivity with 2,4-D and Chrysoidine. There results show the potential application of hybrid composite magnetite/hydroxyapatite in the field of environmental treatment.
The Isoelectric Point and the Surface Charge of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles/Graphene Oxide Determined Using the Electrophoretic Mobility Technique
Authors: Anh Vuong Thi Vy , Dung Nguyen Thi , Chai Chu Ngoc , Mai Phan Thi Tuyet , Hoan Nguyen Xuan
Published: March 2021

Barium titanate nanopowders, and composite materials of barium titanate/ graphene oxide (10 wt.% of graphene oxide according to the initial composite composition) were synthesized by hydrothermal method at the fixed reaction condition of 200 oC and 24 hours. The obtained powders were characterized by different techniques: X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, Particles size distribution, and Scanning electron microscopy. Zeta potential measurement under electrophoretic mobility technique was also employed to investigate the stability of the BaTiO3 nanoparticles and composite materials of barium titanate/graphene oxide. The results showed that the BaTiO3 present with the tetragonal crystal structure (P4mm, a = 4.0000 Å, c = 4.0109 Å) and has uniform morphology with the grain sizes are in the range of 70 - 140 nm. The BaTiO3 nanoparticles were well distribution and covered on a surface of graphene oxide. The BaTiO3 nanoparticles, and BaTiO3/graphene oxide are stable in alkali, neutral media, and acidic media up to pH ~ 5.
Economía capitalista y apropiación de recursos comunes. Algunas notas de estudio escritas desde el republicanismo democrático
Authors: Baez-Urbina Francisco Alberto
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo aborda el fenómeno de la privatización de las instituciones que coordinan y regulan las relaciones de producción y distribución entre agentes sociales y económicos. Haciendo un ejercicio acotado de historia y teoría política, el texto tiene por objetivo contribuir al análisis de la apropiación privada de recursos comunes. La metodología utilizada consiste en el análisis de fuentes históricas y la reflexión sociopolítica. Las conclusiones refuerzan el argumento esgrimido por la economía política republicana democrática que sostiene que la economía capitalista neoliberal sería la última etapa del proceso de apropiación privada de la propiedad colectiva
Muslim documents from the French archive of Alimardan Topchubashov
Authors: Babich Irina Leonidovna
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes the archival materials of France, which belonged to the Caucasian emigrants (after the October Revolution). Having immigrated to Europe, they took with them the archives, which contained the documents that covered various aspects of history of the Russian Empire. This is the first article in Russia that carries out an analysis of all the documents on the topic. The goal consists in examination of the documents from the archive of the prominent Azerbaijani figure Alimardan Topchubashov (Paris, France), which reflect life of the Russian Muslims prior to the 1917 Revolution. Before the Revolution, Topchubashov i (having a degree in Law) was one of the active supporters of modernization of Islamic life in the Caucasus; therefore, his archive contains the materials on this aspect of life of the citizens of the Russian Empire (deputy to the State Duma in 1906, initiator of creation of the Muslim faction in State Duma, initiator of the Muslim congresses in Russia). The aforementioned documents are analyzed in the Islamic context of the Russian history for the first time. The conclusion is made that the Muslim part of the archive of Alimardan Topchubashov is a unique compilation of primary sources, which give an general outlook on life of the Muslims in the Russian Empire, including Caucasus over the period from 1890 to 1917. The author unites these documents into three groups. The developed by Alimardan Topchubashov program of the fundamental changes in life of the Muslims is described in these documents.
National Association of Russian Explorers: brief history
Authors: Bulatov Ivan Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2021

The subject of this research is the history of development of the National Association of Russian Explorers (NORR) – one of the youth organizations of White émigré. NORR was founded in 1928, and in the 1930s became the largest emigrant youth organization. However, after the World War II it basically ceased its activity. The first members of NORR came from the Scout movement, founding their ideology on the criticism of parent organization. Nevertheless, it did not prevent them from borrowing the most effective methods of scouting and adapt them to their ideology. The ideology was based on the Russian nationalism of imperial type, patriotism and militarism. Peter the Great was selected as the symbol of all the ideas. Leaning on the wide variety of source, including the materials introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time, the article examines the phenomenon of national upbringing in extracurricular organizations. The main conclusion consists in the thesis that the burst in popularity and subsequent decline of the National Association of Russian Explorers were associated namely with the national-patriotic component of upbringing, which was of crucial in the conditions of emigration. The fact that the leader of this association P. N. Bogdanovich, was able to offer a system of Russian national upbringing to general emigrant community was the key factor of its initial success. After World War II, NORR has lost many of its active members and winded down its activity; and the Russian Scouts implemented more national elements into their work, attracting patriotic youth. This brought the activity of NORR to an end.
Evaluasi Kinerja Simpang Jl. Dr. Wahidin Sudiro Husodo – Jl. Mayjen Sungkono Terkait Pembangunan Underpass GKB Gresik
Authors: Cahyono Muhammad Shofwan Donny , Muhtadhi Adhi , Wibisono R. Endro
Published: March 2021

The high growth rate of vehicles gives direct effect on high road traffic. The capacity of Surabaya-Gresik Highway, which is designed with 2 lanes on each lane, is no longer able to accommodate the existing traffic load. This is proven by frequent long traffic jams on Jalan dr. Wahidin S.H. Therefore it is the right time to construct the underpass.The purpose of this research was to define the peak hours, the degree of saturation, and the level of service that occurred on the road section of Dr. Wahidin S.H to the intersection of Gresik Grand Mosque due to the construction of the underpass in GKB Gresik. The method used in this study was identification of traffic character, traffic survey, and analysis of traffic performance of signalized intersections using the Indonesia Highway Capacity Manual. The results of the study were morning and afternoon peak hours. In the existing condition in 2020 the value of Saturation Degree (DS) was 0.858 > 0.75 (LOS) E. In 2026 in which it is 5-year prediction by using management of traffic engineering the value of degree saturation (DS) was 0.744 < 0.75, level of service (LOS) C. Conditions after management of traffic engineering with adjustment of traffic light time cycle at the intersection of Jl. Dr. Wahidin S.H. – Jl. Gresik – Babat – Jl. Mayjen Sungkono, widening of intersection geometry and the operation of left and right side frontage and setting of Traffic Signaling Equipment (APILL) showed a level of service (LOS) C, stable flow, but limited speed.
Features of Formation of the Tobolsk Bukharians Group in the 16th – 19th Centuries
Authors: Tychinskykh Zaytuna A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. The article considers the process of formation of the Tobolsk Bukharians – one of the groups of immigrants from Central Asia, who lived in the Tobolsk area in the 17th – 19th centuries.
Results. The process of formation of a separate group of Bukharians is traced in a historical retrospective over a long period. It is shown that a significant Central Asian component entered the Siberian-Tatar community at an early stage of its formation. The main components were the Central Asian Muslim clergy and military service nobility, who became part of the upper stratum of the Siberian-Tatar community and disappeared into it, further adding to the category of service Tatars. This process was considered based on the example of a representative of the clergy, a native of Urgench, Seyyid Din-Ali Khodja, and the Central Asian people of the Kulmametevs. The initial stage of the process of resettlement and settling of immigrants from Central Asia in the territory around Isker (in the Russian period – Tobolsk) refers at least to the period of the Siberian Khanate. The system of settlement of the Tobolsk Bukharians during the 17th – 19th centuries is considered, data on the dynamics of the group’s size in the period under consideration are presented. It is shown that the Siberian Bukharians, as an ethnosocial group, were formed in the 17th century, and the status of Bukharians in the Moscow period was an ethnosocial one. The main Central Asian territories, from where they arrived in Tobolsk in the 17th century, have been identified.
Conclusion. The features of the group of Tobolsk Bukharians have been identified, which include: early penetration into Siberia, joining a significant number of Islamic clergy, including Seyyids, as well as military service nobility during the period of the Siberian Khanate; joint residence of the Tobolsk Bukharians with other groups of the Turkic-Tatar population.
Urbanization of the Indigenous Peoples of Altai in the 20th – Early 21st Century (Based on the Example of the Kumandins of Biysk)
Authors: Nikolaev Vasily V. , Nazarov Ivan I.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. The article discusses the urbanization of the indigenous peoples of Altai (Altaians, Kumandins, Telengits, Tubalars, Chelkans) based on the results of a sociological study among the Kumandins of Biysk.
Results. Kumandins moved to the city from the nearest villages most intensively during the 1960s and 1970s. The liquidation of unpromising villages, the relatively large generation of young people and their command of the Russian language, the geographical proximity of cities and the need for working hands became the reasons for the move. The exhaustion of the migration resource was associated with a small number of people. Intensive urbanization has been replaced by equally active assimilation and acculturation since the late 1980s. This was facilitated by the widespread adoption of second-generation mixed marriages, and the loss of family ties. Kumandins in Biysk live dispersed. In 2002, more than half of the Kumandins lived in cities. Kumandins are the most urbanized indigenous people of Altai. They moved to Gorno-Altaysk and the cities of the Kemerovo region also. At the turn of the centuries, the pace of urbanization of other indigenous peoples of Altai began: Altaians, Telengits, Tubalars and Chelkans. At first, they were concentrated in large villages because of the geographical remoteness of the territories of traditional residence from Gorno-Altaysk. In the second generation, they moved to the city.
Conclusions. Kumandins went through three stages of urbanization. Prior to the mid-1960s, a small number of Kumandins moved to the city. Most of the Kumandins migrated to the city in the mid-1960s – late 1980s. Then the process of assimilation began. The prospects of ethno-demographic development of the indigenous peoples of Altai were identified. In 20–30 years, Telengits, Tubalars and Chelkans will have problems characteristic of the Kumandins: assimilation and acculturation. The number of Kumandins will continue to decline. The demographic situation among Altaians will be the most stable due to their multiplicity. The number of urban Altaians will gradually increase.
Geophysical Prospection on the Ancient Tombs of Katartobe Burial Ground in Kazakhstan
Authors: Oh Hyundok , Kwon Moonhee , Stoyakin Maksim A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. In 2015–2017, geophysical prospection (GPR survey and aerial photography) was conducted on Saka tombs of Katartobe burial ground in southeastern Kazakhstan. Modern methods of studying mounds supported new information to reconstruct tomb characteristics and supplement archaeological research of ancient nomads in Kazakhstan.
Results. A GPR survey was carried out with mound and near-burial space at 27 tombs. On the radargrams, round, square, and oval shaped mounds covered with stones was traced. The centre of the mounds gave a weak reading, presumed to be the result of a wooden outer coffin. The boundary stones surrounding the mounds appear to be in two rows with disconnected sections on the east and west central sides. Occasionally, the role of the boundary stones was executed by a ditch enclosure. All the burial sites were damaged by robbers. Archaeological work as a whole confirmed the results of geophysical studies. Meanwhile, the GPR’s low wavelength depth is less effective to reveal inner structures of the large mounds. Aerial photography and photogrammetry methods compose an estimation model of all of Katartobe. This supplemented the accurate information regarding the amount of tombs on the site, due to the confirmed existence of eight additional mounds. It also provides data on the size and volume of each mound. According to the photo topographic analysis, ten small tombs of the Wusun period, represented by circular mounds were detected close to the big mounds.
Conclusion. The results of geophysical prospection showed information about construction of mounds covered by stone and boundary stone around mounds. It also offered information about new mounds not detected by traditional archaeological methods. GPR survey and aerial photography provides a new method to be an important part for archaeological studies of ancient culture.
Bronze Casting Complex of the Markovo-2 Settlement of Odino Culture
Authors: Molodin Vyacheslav I. , Durakov Igor A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Metalworking production of the Early Bronze Age in Western Siberia is discussed in this article.
Results. The first signs of local production can be traced to the beginning of the third millennium BC in Odino culture settlements occupying a vast area of the Ob-Irtysh forest-steppe. At present, foundry production has been identified at Stary Tartas-5, Tartas-1 and Markovo-2 settlements. The materials of the first two complexes have been published. This article is devoted to the introduction of the Markovo-2 bronze casting complex, examination of the archaeological context of finding materials, and description of the structure and objects inside it.
The traces of intensive foundry activity were found in only one dwelling at the settlement. This can be explained by specialization and concentration of production in the hands of certain groups within the settlement population. Planigraphic and stratigraphic analysis make it possible to reconstruct this dwelling as a surface structure with a slightly elongated oval shape. The production complex consisted of a smelter and a utility pit located in the central part of the dwelling. The finds from the filling are represented by fragments of at least five clay molds and two melting pots. For each bronze casting item, a complete description, data from binocular analysis of molding masses, analogies and reconstruction of the manufacturing method are provided.
Conclusion. Based on the research, it was concluded that the metalworking traditions, techniques, equipment and tools formed in Odin culture are spread over the vast territories of the Siberian forest-steppe zone and continue to exist within Krotovo culture. The Odino sites in the Baraba forest-steppe date to the first half of the third millennium BC. It is concluded that the evidence of the bronze casting industry found at Markovo-2 is the earliest in that region, and that its level in Odino culture was high.
History, Localization and Layout Plan of the Bergamaksky Ostrog
Authors: Gorokhov Sergey V.
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Bergamaksky Ostrog is the westernmost element in the chain of fortified points, designed to ensure safe and uninterrupted traffic along the section of the Moscow-Siberian Route from Tara to Tomsk. The history of this defensive fortification is presented in the works of several researchers, however the complete picture has not been presented in available literature so far. The reason for this is that different types of sources were looked at separately, and the most informative evidence of contemporaries has remained out of sight of the researchers. The source base is represented by archival documents on the history of the Bergamaksky Ostrog, published by various researchers, information from travel diaries of D. G. Messerschmidt (1721) and J. G. Gmelin (1741), materials from archaeological excavations of 1996 and 1998 (L. V. Tataurova and S. F. Tataurov), the results of dendrochronological dating of wooden structures selected during archaeological research.
Results. A comprehensive and interlinked consideration of all types of sources made it possible to form a complete picture of the history of the Bergamaksky Ostrog and identify a number of erroneous statements entrenched in scientific literature. It is established that before 1668, there were no Russian settlements on the site of the modern village of Bergamak in the Omsk Oblast. The records that report that the Bergamak settlement appeared in 1627 are false, since it belonged to the Tatar village of Bergamak. It has been established that the Ostrog was built in the settlement in 1670. By the turn of the 17th – 18th centuries it fell into complete disrepair and was not mentioned as a defensive fortification in the office administration.
Conclusion. As a result of the introduction of new sources (travel diaries of D. G. Messerschmidt and J. G. Gmelin), it was established that no earlier than 1721, a second Bergamaksky Ostrog was constructed in a new place. The article developed a hypothesis about its localization and a graphic and descriptive reconstruction of its layout plan was completed.
O impacto da disbiose na progressão do câncer de mama
Authors: De Castro Larissa Roque Monteiro , Silveira Gabriele Fialho , Fraga Isadora Assis Caiado , Santos Luiza Pimenta Lima , Ferreira Paula Andrade , De Castro Adirson Monteiro
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar e revisar a correlação imune da disbiose na progressão do câncer de mama (CM). Revisão bibliográfica: A flora bacteriana contribui positivamente para as funções nutritivas, imunomoduladoras e metabólicas do organismo, entretanto possui um equilíbrio que se interrompido pode resultar em consequências sistêmicas, incluindo efeitos pró-carcinogênicos. Existe relação comprovada do microbioma intestinal em equilíbrio e da manutenção da saúde do hospedeiro, não apenas por interações locais, mas por meio alterações metabólicas sistêmicas, com produção de metabólitos envolvidos na oncogênese ou na supressão tumoral, e por meio da modulação do sistema imune e dos processos inflamatórios. Os resultados sugerem uma ligação entre disbiose e CM, podendo influenciar em implicações diagnósticas e terapêuticas.   Considerações finais: Dessa forma, a disbiose presente em diferentes tecidos é passível de afetar outros órgãos, e cada perfil pode afetar o sistema imune distintamente - ou exacerbando-o, ou suprimindo-o. No entanto, ainda são necessários estudos com maior enfoque na pesquisa sobre o perfil de disbiose de cada paciente, para posteriormente, reconsiderar a análise no estadiamento do CM. Além disso, há associação da alteração da microbiota própria do tecido mamário com o risco do desenvolvimento do CM, apesar de não se saber ao certo o mecanismo.
Realidade virtual no controle da dor em pacientes pediátricos queimados
Authors: Marques Leticia Maues , Furtado Marcos Vinícius da Conceição , Da Costa Augusto Cezar Ferraz , Dos Prazeres Jhensela Silva , Amaral Amanda Gabrielle dos Santos , Da Silva Jaqueline Pinheiro , Alves Mycaeli Oliveira , Miranda Pedro Henrique de Sousa , De Vasconcelos Jeicyanne Holanda , Rodrigues Emille Amanda da Conceição
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Revisar estudos que relatam o uso da realidade virtual e sua relação com o controle da dor em pacientes pediátricos queimados. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. O levantamento foi feito no mês de outubro de 2020. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Phisiotherapy Evidence Database, Cochrane Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online e PubMed. Para rastreamento dos artigos indexados nas bases de dados foram utilizados os descritores burns, virtual reality, pain e children. Resultados: Foram incluídos na revisão sete estudos que utilizaram a realidade virtual como recurso não farmacológico no controle da dor de pacientes pediátricos queimados. Os estudos foram organizados em forma de quadro para apresentação dos principais achados, além dos objetivos e métodos de intervenção dos estudos. Considerações finais: A utilização da realidade virtual é um recurso indispensável no controle da dor em pacientes queimados, o qual precisa ser explorado, principalmente no público infantil, grupo em que a abordagem lúdica é bem aceita, resultando na redução da sensação dolorosa durante a realização de atividades e procedimentos terapêuticos necessários.
Aplicabilidade do uso de tecnologia móvel para registros em saúde durante a assistência pré-natal
Authors: Brito Alessandra do Rosário , Feio Ana Paula Silva , Andriolo Brenda Nazaré Gomes , Penha Elana Cristina da Silva , Santos Juliane Costa , Nobre Manuela Fernanda Medeiros de Andrade , Santis Matheus de Castro , Arruda Rafael Augusto Jesus , Feio Raphaela Thaís Santana Pinheiro , Ribeiro Samuel da Silva
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Desenvolver uma ferramenta utilizando tecnologia móvel em saúde a fim de testar a aplicabilidade do mesmo durante a assistência pré-natal. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo do tipo descritivo e transversal, com caráter quantitativo. Os participantes da pesquisa assistiram a um vídeo explicativo sobre o funcionamento do aplicativo e após disso foi aplicado um questionário adaptado a partir do Sistema Usabilyty Scala (SUS). Os dados colhidos foram analisados, através de métodos gráficos e/ou numéricos, disponíveis no software Microsoft® Word e Excel e ajudaram a aperfeiçoar o aplicativo. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 14 médicos com experiência na assistência pré-natal.  De acordo com os dados colhidos, 100% dos participantes afirmaram que usariam o aplicativo demonstrado e acreditam que ele seria útil na assistência pré-natal, 64% acreditam que o app é de uso fácil, e 36% acreditam que podem necessitar de ajuda durante o uso dele. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta digital para armazenamento das informações clínicas da consulta pré-natal parece ter importância para a equipe médica durante a assistência pré-natal.
Hyperperfusion and intracranial hemorrhage after burr hole surgery of chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Shimizu Yu , Tokuda Kazuhiko , Cheho Park
Published: March 2021

Background:

Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) mainly occur in elderly people and usually develop after minor head injuries. CSDH can be cured by a relatively simple burr hole surgery. Rarely reported, hemorrhagic postsurgical complications include subarachnoid, intracerebral, intraventricular, and remote cerebellar hemorrhages. The causes of such uncommon complications are difficult to explain and remain poorly understood.

Case Description:

We report the case study of an 89-year-old man with CSDH who presented with the right hemiparesis. He underwent burr hole surgery with a closed-drainage system. A computed tomography (CT) scan conducted the following day demonstrated an acute intraventricular hemorrhage and hyperperfusion of the ipsilateral hemisphere.

Conclusion:

This is a rare case of an acute hematoma in the ventricle following drainage of a CSDH. The likely mechanism of this intraventricular hemorrhage could be that the drainage of the hematoma produced a movement of the ventricle and hemisphere accompanied by hyperperfusion.
Surgical management of a rare myxopapillary ependymoma of the gluteal region: A case report
Authors: Lien Brian V. , Brown Nolan J. , Himstead Alexander S. , Ball Benjamin Z. , Guillen Aileen , Acharya Nischal , Yi Yang Chen , Sahyouni Ronald , Perez-Rosendahl Mari , Stitzlein Russell N. , Hsu Frank P. K.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Ependymomas are rare tumors originating from neuroepithelial cells lining the wall of the ventricles or central canal of the spinal cord. While these tumors mainly occur within the central nervous system (CNS), there are occasional reports in children and young adult patients with a primary tumor occurrence outside of the CNS. Ependymomas of the sacrococcygeal region have been infrequently described in the literature with no standard of care established. We present a case report and review of the literature regarding this rare entity.

Case Description:

A 24-year-old woman presented with right gluteal pain worsened by sitting and a palpable soft tissue mass of the sacrococcygeal region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3.7 cm cystic mass centered in the right gluteal region. She underwent a biopsy at an outside institution, with histology revealing myxopapillary ependymoma. The patient was referred to our hospital and underwent an interdisciplinary neurosurgical and orthopedic oncology en bloc resection of the ependymoma, which intraoperatively appeared to originate from the coccygeal nerve.

Conclusion:

In the present report, the authors demonstrate that a myxopapillary ependymoma may present as an isolated gluteal mass attached to the coccygeal nerve, without frank CNS involvement. Furthermore, an interdisciplinary approach to surgical resection of this lesion appears to represent an effective treatment modality.
Surgical management of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Case series and literature review
Authors: Alselisly Ahmed Mohamed , Al-Shami Hieder , Salah Ahmed Mohamed
Published: March 2021

Background:

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is not a common type of stroke (5%) but still hazardous to be misdiagnosed or mistreated. Aggressive medical treatment is usually failed to hinder increase intracranial tension. Therefore, decompressive craniectomy (DC) is the final measure to mitigate the deleterious effect of supratentorial herniation. The purpose of the study is to illustrate our experience with the surgical treatment of CVST and reviewing the previous works of literature.

Methods:

Forty-two patients were admitted to Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital from June 2019 to March 2020. The admission was either to the neurology department or intensive care unit or neurosurgery department. Every patient who was diagnosed with CVST received an emergency neurosurgery consultation. Seven patients were operated on with DC according to the criteria mentioned above. Therapeutic heparin was given in addition to intracranial pressure lowering measures.

Results:

The mean and standard deviation of the age was (25.14 ± 10.1) years. There were five females (71.45%) in our series. The mean and standard deviation of clinical manifestations are (8.5 ± 7.77) weeks with range (3– 14 weeks). Most of the cases were presented by a decreased level of consciousness (6/7) and anisocoria (6/7), followed by fits (3/7). Four cases out of seven had the previous history of oral contraceptive administration.

Conclusion:

DC provides an urgent last arm for intractable increased intracranial tension. Patients with CVST need urgent consultation for neurosurgical intervention.
Significance of endoscopic hematoma evacuation in elderly patients with spontaneous putaminal hemorrhage
Authors: Fujita Naohide , Ueno Hideaki , Watanabe Mitsuya , Nakao Yasuaki , Yamamoto Takuji
Published: March 2021

Background:

The efficacy of endoscopic surgery for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH) has been previously reported, but differences in the effect between early and late elderlies remain unclear.

Methods:

Ninety-seven patients diagnosed with putaminal hemorrhage (age, ≥65 years; hematoma volume, ≥30 mL) were included in this retrospective analysis and separated into three treatment groups: craniotomy surgery (CR), endoscopic surgery (EN), and non-surgical (NS) groups. The patients were additionally subdivided into two groups according to age: patients aged 65–74 years (“early elderlies”) and patients aged ≥75 years (“late elderlies”). Their clinical data and outcomes at discharge were compared using statistical analyses.

Results:

The CR and the EN groups were associated with lower mortality rates (P < 0.001), lower modified Rankin Scale (mRS; P = 0.007), and lower National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS; P = 0.029) compared to the NS group. Early elderlies in the CR and EN groups with ICH scores of 3 also had significantly better outcomes (P = 0.001). The proportion of patients with mRS ≤ 4 was highest in the early elderlies of the EN group (P = 0.553). Although significant differences in the change of NIHSS scores between the early and late elderlies was not observed, significantly improved NIHSS scores were observed in the EN group compared to the NS group, even in the late elderlies (P = 0.037).

Conclusion:

The evacuation of deep-seated intracranial hematomas using the endoscope might improve functional outcomes and mortality, regardless of age.
BOOK FUND OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN UKRAINIAN STUDIES OF THE VNLU AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE HISTORY OF MODERN UKRAINIAN LITERATURE (IHOR KOSTETSKY AND OLEKSANDRA CHERNENKO ABOUT VASYL STEFANYK)
Authors: Suproniuk Oksana
Published: March 2021

The basis for the study is the book fund of the Department of Foreign Ukrainian Studies of the VNLU, which has become an important information resource for source studies of works by scientists of the Ukrainian diaspora. It gives an opportunity to explore the history and evolution of creative interpretations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s cultural heritage. The article examines the “Stefanykiana” of the Ukrainians abroad, which puts the writer’s legacy in the global context. The works of I. Kostetsky, O. Chernenko, and M. Stekh present V. Stefanyk’s work for the first time against the background of processes that took place in European cultural and art life at the turn of the century, during the prime era of modernism. Stefanyk’s work was discovered by the Poles W. Moraczewski and S. Przybyszewski, who introduced him to their artistic environment and began to translate, print and promote his works. The chief theorist of modernism S. Przybyszewski considered him as a genius and put V. Stefanyk’s name next to the most prominent writers of Europe. The Polish critic H. Hescheles considered his work as more interesting than the work of the Nobel Laureate W. Reymont. However, the reception of Stefanyk’s works by the Ukrainian Galician community was adverse. There were objective and subjective processes of Stefanyk’s rejection from his native Ukrainian environment with its “folk” and “enlightenment” canon (i.e. the writer was to serve the people, write for the people, as well as awaken and develop the people). Stefanyk was an expressionist and a world-class writer who managed to get to the heart of things and phenomena, and portray life and people in a style inherent in European and world writers. The conflict with Ukrainian environment forced him to stop writing. He did not write for 15 years. As a result, the opportunity to bring his own people and literature to the international cultural space and to establish them in world culture was lost. I. Kostetsky believes that the fact that Stefanyk was unable to actualize himself under the pressure of his native Galician environment is one of the most burdensome points of the Ukrainian collective guilt.
UNITED KINGDOM MIGRATION POLICY AND MIGRATION FROM UKRAINE (1990–2020)
Authors: Boiko Nataliia
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the formation and evolution of migration policy of British governments at the present stage. It is noted that migration processes are one of the main features of globalization. It is also claimed that the UK has always attracted migrants from different parts of the world, especially from the post-colonial countries and Eastern Europe. As a migration project, it has always been characterized by a high standard of living and a high level of wages in the European Union. However, as a member of the European Community until 2019, Britain has always differed from its European partners in its autonomy and separateness, particularly in the field of immigration policy. The author analyzes the current migration laws passed by the British governments from 1990 to 2020. The active development of migration legislation began during the premiership of the conservative John Major (1990–1997). Therefore, the Conservative government has taken steps only in the direction of quota migration flows. It was determined that the basic purpose of the migration legislation of the United Kingdom was the governments’ ability to comprehensively address the migration problem as a threat to national security. It was officially recognized during the reign of Gordon Brown (2007–2010). It has been proven that the priorities in the UK’s migration policy have been the issues of restraining and controlling the flow of immigrants, in particular their consequences for immigrants from Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the migration component of the Labor government of Tony Blair (1997–2007) and the Conservative government of Theresa May (2016–2019) as the most loyal and hostile cabinet ministers on immigration. The competition between the party principles of controlled (Labor) and rigid (Conservative) migration under their rule has led to the adoption of new laws. In essence and content, they were designed to cope with the growing migration crisis in the country. The importance of the media and information propaganda in the reflection of immigration as a trend of British domestic policy and a key cause of Brexit (2016–2019) is emphasized.
UKRAINIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT IN MANCHURIA (based on Ivan Svit’s works)
Authors: Yoshihiko Okabe
Published: March 2021

In the Manchurian diplomatic journal “The Political Situation in East Asia”, we find a fairly detailed analysis of the situation in China, the Soviet Union, and the European countries, as well as an overview and analysis of these countries’ ties with Nazi Germany. In the fifth volume of the publication, one of the sections was entitled “Review of Ukrainian National Movements”. From the aforementioned facts, it is clear that the section provided reliable information about Ukraine and its diaspora, as well as gave an objective assessment of the situation in which the Ukrainian community found itself in Manchuria. The author has analyzed this work. With the beginning of the Sino-Japanese war, there were changes not only in the political course of Japan, but also in the bureaucracy of Manchuria. Most Japanese officials had left Manchuria. In 1937, the publication of the Ukrainian newspaper “Manchurian Herald” was stopped. For a long time, the Japanese authorities had greatly supported the editorial board of the “Manchurian Herald”, but suddenly changed their protectorate to censorship, and eventually banned the publication of the Ukrainian newspaper. Against the background of the then turbulent political situation worldwide, the Ukrainian community had lost a rather important channel of information dissemination. Consequently, there were fewer mentions and testimonies of Ukrainian national movements in Manchuria. The author describes the life of the famous Ukrainian journalist, historian, and public and political figure in the Far East Ivan Svit. His relations and contacts with the Japanese colleagues Kitagawa Shikazo and Horie Kazumasa were analyzed. On the basis of the processed source materials and literature, the peculiarities of the Ukrainian national movement in Manchuria, its successes, achievements, main failures, and the reasons of the decline are comprehensively covered. The author explains the role of the exile government of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in Ukrainian-Japanese relations.
FORMATION OF UKRAINIAN MEMORIAL AND MONUMENTAL SPACE IN CANADA
Authors: Temirova Nadiia
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of the Ukrainian memorial and monumental space in Canada. The study is based on written (information leaflets, programs of events, materials from the Government of Canada, documents of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine [CP(b)U]), pictorial (photo images of monuments), electronic (materials from the official websites of Ukrainian embassies in Canada and Canadian embassies in Ukraine, public associations of Ukrainians in Canada) sources. They showed that in Canada, more than twenty monuments are dedicated to the iconic subjects of the Ukrainian history. They are located in five provinces – Alberta, Quebec, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, which are places of compact residence of Ukrainians. It is shown that the monuments are dedicated to important events of national history, namely: emigration, the Holodomor, as well as prominent writers and poets. Six memorials commemorate the victims of the Famine of 1932–1933 in Ukraine, and four monuments honour the figure Taras Shevchenko. All, except one memorial, were installed in the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The culmination of the activity of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada took place at this time. The initiative to erect monuments in most cases belonged to the Ukrainian community. Funding was provided by private donations, which indicates the existence of an internal need to create their own symbolic space. The unveiling of each monument was accompanied by the mass of people, and Canadian high-ranking officials were often present, which demonstrates the organic fit of the Ukrainian memory into the all-Canadian one. It is noted that several monuments were donated to the Ukrainian Canadian community by the Soviet government on behalf of the Ukrainian people. Such actions testified to attempts to expand the Soviet Union’s influence on the Ukrainian diaspora. Thus, the community of millions of Ukrainians in Canada has not only preserved its language, religion, and traditions, but also outlined the visual space of its own history through the installation of monuments. This strengthened their self-identification with the Ukrainian people and their ethnic homeland.
ACTIVITIES OF THE UKRAINIAN AID SOCIETIES IN CANADA IN 1918–1939s
Authors: Dzyra Olesya
Published: March 2021

The article analyses and systematizes the information about the charitable work of Ukrainian public organizations in Canada in the interwar period, with the purpose to facilitate the complicated process of removal, departure and further settlement of compatriots overseas. In general, such aid societies were divided into three types, namely those that fulfilled their functions to simplify the immigration process, those who financially supported their members in case of illness, accident, or death, and those who were founded for social and political purposes, but also directly supported their supporters, built orphanages, shelters, and schools, as well as fed and provided clothing to the extremely impoverished countrymen. Thus, the first aid society gave as much help as possible to everybody willing to leave for Canada, the second engaged in mutual insurance of their membership, and the third donated funds for the benefit of the diaspora. Immigration aid societies were promoted by the Canadian authorities, funded by shipping and railway companies that were particularly interested in immigration from Eastern Europe after the 1925 railway agreement with the Canadian government, and received dividends from it. The organizations that provided the mutual insurance service operated at the expense of mandatory membership fees. In addition to membership fees, other public organizations received funds from voluntary donations from members, supporters, and sponsors. And finally, this type of activity was not the main one. These organizations were both local and dominion in nature, both working on a temporary and permanent basis. Despite of common goal, they could be divided by religious or political affiliation. And yet they combine representatives of the diaspora for a good mission – to make life easier for newly arrived Ukrainian immigrants.