bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of curcumin on the expression of NOD2 receptor and pro-inflammatory cytokines in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients
Authors: Akbari-Papkiadehi Fereshteh , Saboor-Yaraghi Ali Akbar , Farhadi Elham , Tahmasebi Mohammad Naghi , Sharafat Vaziri Arash , Aghaghazvini Leila , Asgari Marzieh , Poursani Shiva , Mansouri Fatemeh , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Mahmoudi Mahdi
Published: June 2023

Background

Previous studies has shown that nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) is expressed in Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients which is stimulated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP) present in the joint environment and induces inflammation via the NF-κB pathway. Also, other studies have shown that curcumin inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion, and Inflammation and on the other hand increases the apoptosis of RA FLSs. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of curcumin, a natural anti-inflammatory micronutrient, on the expression of NOD2 and inflammatory cytokines.

Methods

Synovial membranes were collected from ten patients diagnosed with RA and ten individuals with traumatic injuries scheduled for knee surgery. The FLSs were isolated and treated with 40 μM curcumin alone or in combination with 20.3 μM MDP for 24 h. mRNA was extracted, and real-time PCR was performed to quantitatively measure gene expression levels of NOD2, p65, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β.

Results

The study findings indicate that administering MDP alone can significantly increase the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the trauma group and TNF-α in the RA group. Conversely, administering curcumin alone or in combination whit MDP can significantly reduce mRNA expression levels of P65 and IL-6 in FLSs of both groups. Moreover, in FLSs of RA patients, a single curcumin treatment leads to a significant reduction in NOD2 gene expression.

Conclusion

This study provides preliminary in vitro evidence of the potential benefits of curcumin as a nutritional supplement for RA patients. Despite the limitations of the study being an investigation of the FLSs of RA patients, the results demonstrate that curcumin has an anti-inflammatory effect on NOD2 and NF-κB genes. These findings suggest that curcumin could be a promising approach to relieve symptoms of RA.
Clinical Nomogram Using Novel Computed Tomography–Based Radiomics Predicts Survival in Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Authors: Somasundaram Eashwar , Wadhwa Raoul R. , Litzler Adam , Barker-Clarke Rowan , Qi Peng , Videtic Gregory , Stephans Kevin , Pennell Nathan A. , Raymond Daniel , Yang Kailin , Kattan Michael W. , Scott Jacob G.
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE

Improved survival prediction and risk stratification in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) would lead to better prognosis counseling, adjuvant therapy selection, and clinical trial design. We propose the persistent homology (PHOM) score, the radiomic quantification of solid tumor topology, as a solution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Patients diagnosed with stage I or II NSCLC primarily treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) were selected (N = 554). The PHOM score was calculated for each patient's pretreatment computed tomography scan (October 2008-November 2019). PHOM score, age, sex, stage, Karnofsky Performance Status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and post-SBRT chemotherapy were predictors in the Cox proportional hazards models for OS and cancer-specific survival. Patients were split into high– and low–PHOM score groups and compared using Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (OS) and cumulative incidence curves for cause-specific death. Finally, we generated a validated nomogram to predict OS, which is publicly available at Eashwarsoma.Shinyapps.

RESULTS

PHOM score was a significant predictor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.28) and was the only significant predictor for cancer-specific survival (1.31; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.56) in the multivariable Cox model. The median survival for the high-PHOM group was 29.2 months (95% CI, 23.6 to 34.3), which was significantly worse compared with the low-PHOM group (45.4 months; 95% CI, 40.1 to 51.8; P < .001). The high-PHOM group had a significantly greater chance of cancer-specific death at post-treatment month 65 (0.244; 95% CI, 0.192 to 0.296) compared with the low-PHOM group (0.171; 95% CI, 0.123 to 0.218; P = .029).

CONCLUSION

The PHOM score is associated with cancer-specific survival and predictive of OS. Our developed nomogram can be used to inform clinical prognosis and assist in making post-SBRT treatment considerations.
(Common) Data Elements in Radiation Oncology: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dennstädt Fabio , Putora Paul Martin , Cihoric Nikola
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE

Structured medical data documentation is highly relevant in a data-driven discipline such as radiation oncology. Defined (common) data elements (CDEs) can be used to record data in clinical trials, health records, or computer systems for improved standardization and data exchange. The International Society for Radiation Oncology Informatics initiated a project for a scientific literature analysis of defined data elements for structured documentation in radiation oncology.

METHODS

We performed a systematic literature review on both PubMed and Scopus to analyze publications relevant to the utilization of specified data elements for the documentation of radiation therapy (RT)–related information. Relevant publications were retrieved as full-text and searched for published data elements. Finally, the extracted data elements were quantitatively analyzed and classified.

RESULTS

We found a total of 452 publications, of which 46 were considered relevant for structured data documentation. Twenty-nine publications addressed defined RT-specific data elements, of which 12 publications provided data elements. Only two publications focused on data elements in radiation oncology. The 29 analyzed publications were heterogeneous regarding the subject and usage of the defined data elements, and different concepts/terms for defined data elements were used.

CONCLUSION

The literature about structured data documentation in radiation oncology using defined data elements is scarce. There is a need for a comprehensive list of RT-specific CDEs the radio-oncologic community can rely on. As it has been done in other medical fields, establishing such a list would be of great value for clinical practice and research as it would promote interoperability and standardization.
New Signaling Kid on the Block in the Endocrine System: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Xiong Jiali , Fan Yaotian , Wang Yuxuan , Luo Junyi , Chen Ting , Sun Jiajie , Xi Qianyun , Zhang Yongliang
Published: June 2023

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in both normal and pathological physiology. These natural nanoparticles are now recognized as a novel mechanism for intercellular communication, allowing cells to exchange biologically active molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs). As is well acknowledged, the endocrine system regulates bodily operations through the emission of various hormones. The discovery of EVs took place approximately 80 years after that of hormones; circulating EVs have attracted considerable interest and are expected to be a frontier in the endocrine system. Interestingly, the interplay between hormones and EVs is a complex phenomenon that involves both synergistic and antagonistic effects. Moreover, EVs facilitate communication between endocrine cells and contain miRNAs that may serve as valuable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. This review aims to provide an overview of current research on physiological and pathological secretion of EVs from endocrine organs or tissues. Additionally, we examine the essential relationship between hormones and EVs in the endocrine system.
Development of a Modified Bayonet Forceps for Improving Steerability of Paddle Lead Electrodes During Spinal Cord Stimulator Surgery: A Technical Note
Authors: Zhang Justin K. , Alimadadi Alborz , Abolfotoh Mohammad , Mercier Philippe , Mattei Tobias A.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Despite recent advancements in spinal cord stimulation (SCS) technology, the surgical instrumentation for placement of SCS paddle leads remains suboptimal. Therefore, we developed a novel instrument to improve the steerability of SCS paddle leads during surgical placement.

METHODS:

A review of existing literature was performed to analyze workflow deficiencies in the standard instrumentation of SCS paddle lead placement. After a period of adaptation and iterative feedback with a medical instrument company, a new instrument was developed, tested at benchtop, and successfully incorporated into the surgical routine.

RESULTS:

A standard bayonet forceps was modified to include hooked ends and a ribbed surface, providing the surgeon with greater control over the paddle lead. The new instrument also included bilateral metal tubes starting approximately 4 cm proximal from the edge of the forceps. The bilateral metal tubes, through which the SCS paddle lead wires are passed, serve as anchors to keep the wires away from the incision site. In addition, it permitted the paddle lead to assume a bent configuration, reducing its overall size and allowing it to be placed through a smaller incision and laminectomy. The modified bayonet forceps was successfully used intraoperatively for placement of SCS paddle lead electrodes in several surgeries.

CONCLUSION:

The proposed modified bayonet forceps increased steerability of the paddle lead, facilitating optimal midline placement. The bent configuration of the device facilitated a more minimally invasive surgical approach. Future studies are needed to validate our single-provider experience and evaluate the impact of this new instrument on operating room efficiency.
Ac/Ds transposition for CRISPR/dCas9-SID4x epigenome modulation in zebrafish
Authors: Chong-Morrison Vanessa , Mayes Sarah , Simões Filipa C. , Senanayake Upeka , Carroll Dervla S. , Riley Paul R. , Wilson Stephen W. , Sauka-Spengler Tatjana
Published: June 2023

Due to its genetic amenability coupled with advances in genome editing, zebrafish is an excellent model to examine the function of (epi)genomic elements. Here, we repurposed the Ac/Ds maize transposition system to efficiently characterise zebrafish cis-regulated elements, also known as enhancers, in F0-microinjected embryos. We further used the system to stably express guide RNAs enabling CRISPR/dCas9-interference (CRISPRi) perturbation of enhancers without disrupting the underlying genetic sequence. In addition, we probed the phenomenon of antisense transcription at two neural crest gene loci. Our study highlights the utility of Ac/Ds transposition as a new tool for transient epigenome modulation in zebrafish.
Processing and decay of 6S-1 and 6S-2 RNAs inBacillus subtilis
Authors: Wiegard Jana Christin , Damm Katrin , Lechner Marcus , Thölken Clemens , Ngo Saravuth , Putzer Harald , Hartmann Roland K.
Published: June 2023

Noncoding 6S RNAs regulate transcription by binding to the active site of bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzymes. Processing and decay of 6S-1 and 6S-2 RNA were investigated inBacillus subtilisby northern blot and RNA-seq analyses using different RNase knockout strains, as well as by in vitro processing assays. For both 6S RNA paralogs, we identified a key—but mechanistically different—role of RNase J1. RNase J1 catalyzes 5′-end maturation of 6S-1 RNA, yet relatively inefficient and possibly via the enzyme's “sliding endonuclease” activity. 5′-end maturation has no detectable effect on 6S-1 RNA function, but rather regulates its decay: The generated 5′-monophosphate on matured 6S-1 RNA propels endonucleolytic cleavage in its apical loop region. The major 6S-2 RNA degradation pathway is initiated by endonucleolytic cleavage in the 5′-central bubble to trigger 5′-to-3′-exoribonucleolytic degradation of the downstream fragment by RNase J1. The four 3′-exonucleases ofB. subtilis—RNase R, PNPase, YhaM, and particularly RNase PH—are involved in 3′-end trimming of both 6S RNAs, degradation of 6S-1 RNA fragments, and decay of abortive transcripts (so-called product RNAs, ∼14 nt in length) synthesized on 6S-1 RNA during outgrowth from stationary phase. In the case of the growth-retarded RNase Y deletion strain, we were unable to infer a specific role of RNase Y in 6S RNA decay. Yet, a participation of RNase Y in 6S RNA decay still remains possible, as evidence for such a function may have been obscured by overlapping substrate specificities of RNase Y, RNase J1, and RNase J2.
Policy Brief 11: Fighting corruption in West African coastal states: how Collective Action can help
Authors: Young Liza
Published: June 2023

Africa is estimated to lose an unbelievable USD 88.6 billion (3.7% of Africa’s GDP) each year to illicit financial flows, of which corruption is a major component. Rooting out corruption is a collective effort, and the private sector has a major role to play in laying down the foundations for clean business environments and sustainable development.

That is why anti-corruption Collective Action  has got so much to offer Africa, and in particular West African coastal states keen to maximise their clear economic potential. As the spectrum of Collective Action initiatives is quite large, it allows for innovative measures where governments, companies and civil society organisations (CSOs) can join forces toward a common objective, despite their different perspectives. This collaborative approach therefore provides a fertile ground for constructive dialogue between like-minded stakeholders, as well as an opportunity to understand the private sector’s language and reality. 

CSOs have an important part to play in bringing Collective Action to the fight against corruption in West Africa. They must continue to initiate, facilitate and engage in Collective Action initiatives to help raise awareness and build bridges. Their presence can bring credibility, independent oversight and accountability to the initiatives.

This Policy Brief is based on conversations held with CSOs based in Benin (Social Watch Benin), Ghana (Ghana Integrity Initiative), Ivory Coast (Ivorian Youth Leaders’ Network) and Togo (The Togolese National Agency for Consumers and the Environment). It aims to capture their experiences, challenges and outlook on what the future for Collective Action could hold in the region.

Despite their different backgrounds, they are united on one point: fighting corruption collectively by raising the voice of the private sector is an important step to pave the way for sustainable economic growth.
Cut-off points for low skeletal muscle mass in older adults: Colombia versus other populations
Authors: Pineda-Zuluaga Maria Camila , González-Correa Clara Helena , Sepulveda-Gallego Luz Elena
Published: June 2023

Background: The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in the Elderly defined sarcopenia as a geriatric syndrome with a diagnostic criteria of low skeletal muscle mass (LMM). Various sarcopenia consensuses recommend as cut-offs for LMM, the use of below 2 SDs from the mean skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) of a young reference group. Given the contrast between reported cut-offs, the objective of this study was to establish cut-offs for LMM from older adults in Manizales and compare them with those published in the literature.

Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional analytical study in 237 healthy elderly patients from the city of Manizales, Colombia. Anthropometric measurements of weight, height and body mass index were estimated. The SMI was estimated with the Xitron Technologies bioimpedance meter using the Janssen formula. For the comparison of SMI cut-offs, studies that evaluated this parameter with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were taken into account, in addition to being obtained from the −2 SD from the sex-specific mean of a young reference group.

Results: The cut-off points for SMI were 8.0 kg/m2 for men and 6.1 kg/m2 for women. There was a statistically significant difference when evaluating LMM from the cut-offs of the present study and those reported in Spain, Turkey, and Finland. The cut-off points of SMI derived from this sample of Colombian men and women may be adequate for the diagnosis in the Colombian geriatric population. However, we did not find significant differences when comparing the cut-offs for SMI from a population of older adults and young adults from the same city.

Conclusions: The cut-off points of SMI by BIA derived from a sample of Colombian men and women may be adequate for the diagnosis of LMM in the Colombian geriatric population or populations with similar characteristics to those of the sample evaluated here.
The genome sequence of the Loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta Linnaeus 1758
Authors: Chang Glenn , Jones Samantha , Leelakumari Sreeja , Ashkani Jahanshah , Culibrk Luka , O'Neill Kieran , Tse Kane , Cheng Dean , Chuah Eric , McDonald Helen , Kirk Heather , Pandoh Pawan , Pari Sauro , Angelini Valeria , Kyle Christopher , Bertorelle Giorgio , Zhao Yongjun , Mungall Andrew , Moore Richard , Vilaça Sibelle , Jones Steven
Published: June 2023

We present a genome assembly of Caretta caretta (the Loggerhead sea turtle; Chordata, Testudines, Cheloniidae), generated from genomic data from two unrelated females. The genome sequence is 2.13 gigabases in size. The assembly has a busco completion score of 96.1% and N50 of 130.95 Mb. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 28 chromosomal representations with a remaining 2% of the assembly being excluded from these.
Advancing posaconazole quantification analysis with a new reverse-phase HPLC method in its bulk and marketed dosage form
Authors: Rama Annamalai , Govindan Induja , Hebbar Srinivas , Chaturvedi Abhishek , Rani Usha , Naha Anup
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Posaconazole is a widely used antifungal drug, and its accurate quantification is essential for quality control and assessment of its pharmaceutical products. This study aimed to develop and validate a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method for quantifying Posaconazole in bulk and dosage form.

Methods: The HPLC method was developed and validated based on International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The developed method was then applied to quantify Posaconazole in a marketed tablet formulation. The method's specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and stability were evaluated.

Results: The developed HPLC method showed good linearity over a 2-20 μg/mL concentration range. The percentage recovery of Posaconazole from the bulk and marketed formulations was found to be 99.01% and 99.05%, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 1%, and the method was stable under different conditions. The HPLC method was successfully applied to quantify Posaconazole in the marketed formulation.

Conclusion: The developed and validated HPLC method is reliable and efficient for analyzing Posaconazole in bulk and dosage forms. The method's accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, robustness, and stability demonstrate its effectiveness. The method can be used for the quality control and assessment of Posaconazole-containing pharmaceutical products.
Use of strain elastography in comparative evaluation of elasticity of masseter muscle in complete denture as against implant supported overdenture.
Authors: Agarwal Pragati , Sathe Seema
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The masticatory muscles play an important role in natural function and functional disorders of craniomandibular system. Occlusal variables have an impact on the masticatory muscles' action and strength. The masticatory muscles cannot contract as forcefully as they do when natural teeth are present, which is caused by pathological ageing and tooth loss. Consequently, it can be demonstrated that edentulous patients have lower masticatory cycle amplitude, efficiency, and masticatory force than dentulous individuals.

Objectives

Using strain elastography, evaluate and compare the elasticity of the masseter muscle in complete edentulous individuals and have undergone rehabilitation with complete dentures against those who have undergone rehabilitation with implant-supported dentures.

Methodology

Two groups of totally edentulous patients would be chosen. The rehabilitation of one group would involve complete dentures, whereas the rehabilitation of the other group would use implant-supported dentures. At the moment of denture insertion and three months later, strain elastography will be used to scan both sides of the masseter muscle. Both groups' values would be compared.

Expected results

The study's anticipated result is that patients who receive rehabilitation with implant-supported overdentures have greater masseter muscle elasticity than patients who receive rehabilitation with complete dentures.

Conclusion

The study would give dental professionals a way to efficiently assess the masseter muscle's elasticity in patients who are completely edentulous. Also, it would compare the flexibility of the masseter muscle between a denture supported by implants and a complete denture.
Changing the method of consent to increase the numbers of cadaveric donors in Saudi Arabia: the autonomy paradox
Authors: AL Shawan Deema , Albagmi Faisal , AlNujaidi Heba
Published: June 2023

Background: In Saudi Arabia, the gap between the demand and availability of organs persists, with a total of 13,731 patients who remain on the waiting list in 2019. Family refusal is a major obstacle limiting donation since their consent must be obtained prior to the retrieval of organs. The cause of family refusal is mainly due to the unknown wishes of their loved one to become a donor. This analysis aimed to compare three systems of obtaining consent in terms of effectiveness, respect for personal autonomy, and the cultural role of families in Saudi Arabia to ensure feasibility and effectiveness in increasing the number of donors.

Policy alternatives and implications: The consent systems include opt-in (explicit consent), opt-out (presumed consent), and mandated choice systems. The mandated choice policy might be the optimal solution to investigate since it could balance the respect for individual autonomy and the cultural role of families in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusions and recommendations: Mandated choice could be an option that ensures the respect of personal autonomy while influencing the next of kin's decision to donate the organs. Nevertheless, more research should be conducted to support adopting this policy in the Saudi context. Additionally, a recommendation to decision makers is to utilize the Tawakkalna app to send alerts to the next of kin when a user registers as a donor with the user's consent.
The missing piece. The perceived marginalization of CSOs and HRGs in SOSTs’ decision-making processes: a review
Authors: De Sabbata Lorenzo , Laterza Riccardo , Del Bianco Daniele , Ferrari Olivia , Benedetti Ezio
Published: June 2023

This review represents the first contribution of a research diptych which stems from the activities implemented in the framework of the H2020 ARESIBO project (Augmented Reality Enriched Situation awareness for Border security). The general objective of ARESIBO is to improve the efficiency of border surveillance systems by providing the operational teams, as well as the tactical command and control level with accurate and comprehensive information related to border control considering different issues and perspectives. These perspectives also include the analysis of the level of engagement and the (possible) enhancement of citizens’ involvement in the development and decision making related to border surveillance.

The principal human rights and migration International Organisations (IOs), as well as EU institutions dealing with security and external borders (i.e., Frontex), agree and state that human rights groups (HRGs) and civil society organisations (CSOs) should be more involved and integrated in border surveillance. That stated, the main goal of this paper is to analyse this perceived marginalisation of CSOs and HRGs, as it emerges from several HRGs’ and CSOs’ statements on that regard in order to explore the reasons of this perceived marginalisation, as well as the elements that on the contrary seem to make this marginalisation less sustantial. The results of this systematic review in the framework of ARESIBO led to the elaboration of an innovative participatory model that will be analysed in detail in the second article of this research diptych, entitled “Towards the engagement of citizens in SOSTs decision-making: participatory models setting a common ground for border surveillance and respect of fundamental rights. The case of ARESIBO H2020 project”.
The genome sequence of the hoverfly, Epistrophella euchroma (Kowarz, 1885)
Authors: Falk Steven , Woodcock Katie J. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: June 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Epistrophella euchroma (hoverfly, Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Syrphidae). The genome sequence is 523.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.24 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the Dark Spectacle, Abrostola triplasia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Lewis Owen T. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: June 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Abrostola triplasia (the Dark Spectacle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 362.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.34 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 11,532 protein coding genes.
Tax administration
Authors: Advokatova Alena , Artemenko Dmitriy , Goncharenko Mihail , Gurnak Aleksandr , Zhuravleva Irina , Kostin Aleksey , Kosenkova Yuliya , Moroz Viktor , Novoselov Konstantin , Smirnova Elena
Published: June 2023

The textbook highlights the current state of tax administration in the Russian Federation. The main range of issues is considered: theoretical foundations, participants in tax legal relations, the composition and structure of tax authorities, regulation and forecasting of tax payments, improving the efficiency of tax administration, control over the performance of duties to pay taxes. The impact on the tax administration system of a large-scale tax reform aimed at reducing the administrative burden, unification of certain norms of tax legislation is analyzed.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students and university teachers, including as a basic training course.
Multi-criteria choice in logistics research
Authors: Brodeckiy Gennadiy , Gusev Denis , Shidlovskiy Ivan
Published: June 2023

Methods and models of optimization of solutions under many criteria are considered, which are conditioned by modern tasks to improve the operation of supply chains and logistics systems. Attention is paid to their specifics in relation to the tasks of organizing transport supply support. The anomalous phenomena of "blindness" to the indicators of individual particular criteria and the phenomena of "blocking" the choice of alternatives when optimizing such systems are analyzed. Special modifications of traditional selection criteria for optimization are presented, allowing to eliminate these phenomena in order to more effectively adapt the selected best solution to the preferences of the decision-maker. The analysis of filtering possibilities of the initially specified alternatives is given so that optimization procedures can be implemented in real time.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of institutions of higher education. It can be useful for graduate students, logisticians and entrepreneurs who want to organize their business more efficiently.
Damage to the musculoskeletal system from overload in ballet and sports medicine
Authors: Vasil'ev Oleg , Achkasov Evgeniy , Levushkin Sergey
Published: June 2023

The monograph, based on a long-term interdisciplinary study, outlines the features of the diagnosis and rehabilitation of injuries from overload of the lower limb on movement patterns unnatural for normal life, but typical for types of motor activity associated with the art of movement (choreography, classical dance, rhythmic gymnastics, etc.). It is shown that not so much professional requirements, as a lack of constitutional conditioned abilities are the cause of overload damage, the main predictor of which is muscle hypertonicity.
The main X-ray morphological types of the structure of hip joints in this contingent of persons are given. The clinical significance of evaluating the performance of basic choreographic elements and the availability of professional abilities for diagnostic purposes is shown. A professionally oriented algorithm for diagnosing overload damage has been proposed, unique clinical-functional and clinical-biomechanical diagnostic methods have been developed. Reference indicators of dosing and assessment of the adequacy of local physical activity on the restored link of the musculoskeletal system are proposed, a mathematical model of their application is developed.
Professionally oriented methods and features of using physical activity with a training effect for rehabilitation purposes using sports training tools and natural and geographical factors, as well as features of the use of Chinese Taijiquan gymnastics are described. The algorithm of multilevel rehabilitation based on N.A. Bernstein's theory of motion construction is described.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of medical universities. It will be of interest to sports medicine doctors, orthopedic traumatologists, rehabilitologists and other specialists in the field of medical and biological support of choreography and sports.
Perbandingan Sifat Mie Instan, Mie Kering, dan Mie Basah yang Disubstitusi dengan Tepung Tulang Ayam
Authors: Satrio Wicaksono Dani , Putri Prisma Indah Adinda , Nisrina Hastri Arinta , Noviantikasari Dini , Muflihati Iffah , Suhendriani Sari , Nurdyansyah Fafa , Muliani Dwi Ujianti Rizky , Umiyati Rini
Published: June 2023

Tulang ayam merupakan salah satu hasil produk sampingan yang dianggap sebagai limbah yang tidak berguna. Tulang ayam dapat diolah menjadi tepung tulang ayam dan selanjutnya dapat digunakan dalam pengolahan makanan. Salah satu olahan pangan yang bisa disubstitusikan dengan tepung tulang ayam adalah pembuatan mie, baik mie kering, mie basah, ataupun mie instan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan limbah tulang ayam serta meningkatkan nilai gizi pada produk mie basah, mi kering, dan mi instan dengan dilakukan penambahan tepung tulang ayam pada proses pembuatannya. Pembuatan mie diawali dengan menimbang bahan yaitu tepung terigu, tepung tulang ayam, telur, air, dan garam. Semua bahan kering dicampurkan terlebih dahulu dalam baskom lalu ditambahkan telur yang telah dicampur air selanjutnya uleni hingga kalis. Adonan selanjutnya dibentuk lembaran kemudian dipotong dengan alat pencetak mie untuk membentuk untaian mie. Analisis yang dilakukan diantaranya daya serap, cooking loss, uji warna, kadar air. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan daya serap air tertinggi terdapat pada mi basah kontrol sebesar 87,85%. Hasil analisis cooking loss tertinggi yaitu 87,85 yang ditunjukkan oleh mi basah tulang ayam. Hasil uji warna L tertinggi yaitu mie basah kontrol sebesar 67,52%. Hasil uji warna a tertinggi terdapat pada mie kering tulang ayam sebesar 5,06%. Hasil uji warna b tertinggi terdapat pada mi kering kontrol yaitu sebesar 17,47%. Hasil analisis kadar air tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh mie basah kontrol sebesar 62,77%.
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: a case series and brief review
Authors: Fligelstone S , Ashworth D
Published: June 2023

We report three varied presentations of peripheral giant cell granuloma and provide an up-to-date summary on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this everyday swelling, including lessons learned.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE WITTGENSTEIN PARA O DEBATE SOBRE O CETICISMO
Authors: Armendane Geraldo das Dôres de
Published: June 2023

RESUMO: Este artigo discute a contribuição do segundo Wittgenstein para o debate sobre o ceticismo metodológico de Descartes. Esse tipo de ceticismo é formado por um conjunto de argumentos céticos, a saber: os argumentos da Ilusão dos sentido, do Sonho, do Deus enganador ou do Gênio maligno, presentes na primeira meditação das Meditações Metafísicas. Demostraremos que o projeto terapêutico da filosofia do segundo Wittgenstein constitui uma proposta interessante para o enfrentamento do ceticismo na filosofia contemporânea. Para isso, em primeiro lugar, abordaremos as críticas de Wittgenstein ao ceticismo filosófico em suas três obras, a saber, Tractatus Logico-philosophicus, Investigações Filosóficas e Da Certeza; em seguida, mostraremos que a proposta terapêutica do segundo Wittgenstein é relevante para o enfretamento do ceticismo na filosofia contemporânea; e, por fim, apresentaremos a conclusão que chegamos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ceticismo metodológico, Descartes, terapia da linguagem, segundo Wittgenstein.
A FIGURA DO TESTADURA EM DANTO E A NOÇÃO WITTGENSTEINIANA DE CEGUEIRA PARA ASPECTO
Authors: Gobatto da Silva Marco Aurélio , Donat Mirian
Published: June 2023

Resumo: As divergências entre a filosofia de Arthur Danto em relação ao pensamento wittgensteiniano, especificamente em sua aplicação no campo da filosofia da arte, são profundas, marcadamente na oposição entre o essencialismo do primeiro e o antiessencialismo do segundo. Entretanto, apesar dessas divergências, há também pontos de convergência entre os dois autores, sobretudo no que diz respeito a uma epistemologia da arte, onde esta confluência se mostra mais nítida. Neste artigo, mostramos que esta convergência pode ser explicitada a partir da figura do Testadura de Danto e da noção de cegueira para aspectos de Wittgenstein.  

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Arte; Epistemologia; Danto; Wittgenstein.  

ABSTRACT: The divergences between Arthur Danto's philosophy in relation to Wittgensteinian thought, specifically in its application in the field of philosophy of art, are profound, markedly in the opposition between the essentialism of the first and the anti-essentialism of the second. However, despite these divergences, there are also points of convergence between the two authors, especially with regard to an epistemology of art, where this confluence is clearer. In this article, we show that this convergence can be explained from the figure of Danto's Testadura and Wittgenstein's notion of blindness to aspects.

KEYWORDS: Art; Epistemology; Danto; Wittgenstein.
Inteligencia artificial y administración de justicia: desafíos derivados del contexto latinoamericano
Authors: Segura Romina
Published: June 2023

El surgimiento de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA), en el marco de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial, obliga a reflexionar acerca de su impacto en la administración de justicia desde la óptica plural, interdisciplinaria y social que caracteriza a la bioética. Esto se torna imprescindible no sólo para garantizar una aplicación ética de la IA en la administración de justicia; sino, además, para asegurar el respeto de la persona humana y sus manifestaciones culturales -como el derecho- frente a las innovaciones tecnológicas. Por consiguiente, para lograr ese objetivo resulta clave, por un lado, entender cómo funcionan los sistemas de IA en el campo del derecho, y cuáles son las dificultades que se plantean desde las diversas aristas (ética, de razonamiento y jurídica). Y, por otro lado, mirar con atención las particularidades presenta el contexto latinoamericano signado por la desigualdad; la volatilidad social, política e institucional; y una atávica caracterización de la justicia. La justicia impartida con IA tiene la potencialidad de hacer realidad valores tan preciados como la celeridad y la seguridad jurídica. Y, al mismo tiempo, de amenazar la libertad, la privacidad y la igualdad de los individuos, sobre todo en sociedades atravesadas por diferencias estructurales como la latinoamericana.
Scheme to eliminate the time shift of code edges based on the optimal transmission point of a DP-MZM
Authors: Guo Pengfei , Lai Zhi , Zhang Zhenjiang , Fang Xinkuo , Shang Yajie
Published: June 2023

To eliminate the time shift of code edges on a single-sideband (SSB) modulation signal transmission in a radio-over-fiber (RoF) system, a new, to the best of our knowledge, SSB modulation scheme based on an optimal transmission point for a double-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DP-MZM) is proposed. The scheme is based on DP-MZM to realize the separation of the carrier and the +1st-order sideband at the optimal transmission point, and the baseband signal modulates the 2.5 Gb/s data signal to the +1st-order sideband of the SSB signal; then, the carrier and the +1st-order sideband are transmitted with a carrier-to-sideband ratio of 0 dB. Theoretical analysis shows that compared to the traditional SSB-modulated optical millimeter-wave signal generation scheme this scheme completely solves the problem of the time shift of code edges caused by dispersion. The simulation results show that the improved SSB modulation scheme has a Q factor of 23.362, the minimum bit error rate is 4.207×10−127 at 73.453 km, and the eye diagram is still very clear. Under the premise of meeting the basic requirements of communications, the maximum communications distance can reach 135 km, which is 270% of the transmission distance of a traditional SSB modulation model. Thus, the system performance has been greatly improved.
Broadband frequency modulation signal downconversion using a monolithic integrated mutual injection laser
Authors: Chen Shilin , Pu Tao , Zheng Jilin , Wang Li , Wu Gengze , Li Jin , Zhang Xin
Published: June 2023

We propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, broadband signal
downconversion scheme implemented by a monolithic integrated mutual
injection laser. A mathematical derivation, simulation, and
experimental verification are carried out. Because the period-one
oscillation frequency can be selectively operated on a large scale by
controlling the current on the integrated laser, the tuning
downconversion range is realized without changing the experimental
equipment. The experiment verifies that the downconversion of the
linear frequency modulation signal with a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz
from the center frequency of 18.75 to 0.85 GHz, and the
spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) has reached 71.7dB/Hz2/3. Compared with the scheme based on
discrete components, the system has no electric local oscillator or
external modulator, which provides a method for radar signal
downconversion.
Effect of phosphorus doping on the luminescence intensity of Si-NC in SiO/Si multilayers
Authors: Luo Y. , Yang X. , Yue L , Ren D. S. , Chen J. R.
Published: June 2023

The application of silicon nanocrystals (Si-NC) is somewhat limited due to their low luminescence intensity. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate methods for enhancing the luminescence intensity of Si-NC. In this study, phosphorus (P)-doped Si-NC with two different doping methods were prepared by electron beam thermal evaporation: in-situ doping (during synthesis) and ex-situ doping (after synthesis). The photoluminescence (PL) intensity and crystallinity of Si-NC can be enhanced through phosphorus doping. Moreover, a comparison between two different methods of Si-NC doping reveals that the luminescence intensity of in-situ P-doped Si-NC is superior to that of ex-situ P-doped Si-NC, which is increased by an order of magnitude compared to the PL intensity of undoped Si-NC.
Amplitude-phase modulated composite waves in coupled nonlocal system with self-induced PT symmetric potential
Authors: Yang Rongcao , Chen Jing , Bai Xiaoqin , Jia Heping , Bai Juan
Published: June 2023

We consider a coupled nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation (nNLSE) with self-induced parity-time (PT) symmetric potential and investigate abundant amplitude-phase modulated composite waves manifesting diverse evolution patterns. It is found that the coupled nonlocal model can be decoupled into nNLSEs with self-induced PT symmetric potential under certain constraints through a general linear transformation with amplitude and phase modulation. Based on the exact solutions of the nNLSEs with self-induced PT potential, we study various composite waves superposed by bright and/or dark soliton solutions, rogue waves, bright/dark soliton and periodic soliton, and present the abundant evolution patterns under amplitude-phase modulation. The results here only demonstrate the characteristics of limited superposed composite waves. In fact, there exist infinite possible evolution patterns of composite waves due to the arbitrary amplitude-phase modulation in coupled nonlocal nonlinear system with self-induced PT symmetric potential.
Structured illumination microscopy with a phase-modulated spinning disk for optical sectioning
Authors: Zhang Youchang , Asghari Parisa , Scriven David R. L. , Moore Edwin D. W. , Chou Keng C.
Published: June 2023

Among various super-resolution microscopic techniques, structured illumination microscopy (SIM) stands out for live-cell imaging because of its higher imaging speed. However, conventional SIM lacks optical sectioning capability. Here we demonstrate a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach using a phase-modulated spinning disk (PMSD) that enhances the optical sectioning capability of SIM. The PMSD consists of a pinhole array for confocal imaging and a transparent polymer layer for light phase modulation. The light phase modulation was designed to cancel the zeroth-order diffracted beam and create a sharp lattice illumination pattern using the interference of four first-order diffracted beams. In the detection optical path, the PMSD serves as a spatial filter to physically reject about 80% of the out-of-focus signals, an approach that allows for real-time optical reconstruction of super-resolved images with enhanced contrast. Furthermore, the simplicity of the design makes it easy to upgrade a conventional fluorescence microscope to a PMSD SIM system.
Depth-of-field expansion method based on multidimensional structure and edge-guided correction
Authors: Xiong Pengbo , Wang Weibo , Ye Shujiao , Zhou Xuyang , Fang Yubo , Xu Xining
Published: June 2023

Multi-focus image fusion is a method to extend the depth of field to generate fully focused images. The effective detection of image focusing pixels and the optimization of image regions are the key to it. A method based on multidimensional structure and edge-guided correction (MSEGC) is proposed. The pixel-level focusing evaluation function is redesigned to preserve image details and non-texture regions. Edge-guided decision correction is used to suppress edge artifacts. With public data and semiconductor detection images for verification, the results show that compared with other methods, the objective evaluation is improved by 22–50%, providing better vision.
Square-root higher-order topological insulators in a photonic decorated SSH lattice
Authors: Yan Wenchao , Cheng Weizhao , Liu Weijie , Liu Quancheng , Chen Feng
Published: June 2023

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in square-root higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) due to their unique topological properties inherited from their squared Hamiltonian. Different from conventional HOTIs, square-root HOTIs support paired corner states that exist in different bandgaps. In this work, we experimentally establish a series of two-dimensional photonic decorated Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) lattices by using the femtosecond-laser writing technique and thereby directly observe paired topological corner states. Interestingly, the higher-order topological properties of such square-root HOTIs are inherited from the parent Hamiltonian, which contains the celebrated 2D SSH lattice. The dynamic evolution of square-root corner states indicates that they exist in different bandgaps. This work not only provides a new platform to study higher-order topology in optics, it also brings about new possibilities for future studies of other novel HOTIs.
A novel silicon forward-biased PIN Mach-Zehnder modulator with two operating states
Authors: Yu Hang , tu donghe , Huang Xingrui , Yin Yuxiang , Yu Zhi Guo , guan huan , jiang lei , Li Zhi-Yong
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we demonstrated a silicon forward-biased positive intrinsic negative (PIN) Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), which has two operating states of high efficiency and high speed. The two operating states are switched by changing the position where the electric signal is loaded. The modulator incorporates a PIN phase shifter integrated with the passive resistance and capacitance (RC) equalizer (PIN-RC), which expands the electro-optic (E-O) bandwidth by equalizing it with modulation efficiency. The fabricated modulator exhibited a low insertion loss of 1.29 dB in two operating states, and a compact design with a phase shifter length of 500 μm. The modulation efficiencies are 0.0088 V·cm and 1.43 V·cm, and the corresponding 3 dB E-O bandwidths are 200 MHz and 7 GHz, respectively. The high-speed modulation performance of the modulator was confirmed by non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation with a data rate of 15 Gbps without any pre-emphasis or post-processing. The presented modulator has great potential in optical computing, high-speed data transmission, and high-performance optical switch arrays.
Advancing oncology drug therapies for sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Sharma Kirthana , Mayer Tina , Li Sharon , Qureshi Sadaf , Farooq Faheem , Vuylsteke Peter , Ralefala Tlotlo , Marlink Richard
Published: June 2023

Cancer incidence is rising across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and is often characterized by late-stage presentation, early age of onset and poor survival. While a number of oncology drugs are now improving the length and quality of life for cancer patients in high-income countries, significant disparities in access to a range of oncology therapeutics exist for SSA. A number of challenges to drug access such as drug costs, lack of infrastructure and trained personnel must be urgently addressed to advance oncology therapies for SSA. We present a review of selected oncology drug therapies that are likely to benefit cancer patients with a focus on common malignancies in SSA. We collate available data from seminal clinical trials in high-income countries to highlight the potential for these therapeutics to improve cancer outcomes. In addition, we discuss the need to ensure access to drugs within the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and highlight therapeutics that require consideration. Available and active oncology clinical trials in the region is tabulated, demonstrating the significant gaps in access to oncology drug trials across much of the region. We issue an urgent call to action to address drug access due to the predicted rise in cancer burden in the region in coming years.