bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complicaciones y mortalidad en pacientes neurocríticos
Authors: Gómez Jorge , Cox Olga
Published: May 2024

Relacionar las complicaciones y el riesgo de muerte en pacientes neurocríticos admitidos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) del Hospital Universitario de Caracas durante un período de 5 meses. Métodos: investigación observacional, prospectiva, descriptiva. La muestra estuvo conformada por 65 pacientes neurocríticos, ≥ 18 años, con patologías médicas o quirúrgicas, ingresados en la UCI. El análisis estadístico incluyó la determinación de frecuencias, promedios, porcentajes y medias para descripción de variables y el T de Student. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 50,98 ± 16,66 años; la población masculina representó el 50,76%. Entre las complicaciones, la mayor incidencia correspondió a las no infecciosas (70,77 %) y los trastornos ácido básicos de tipo metabólico, la anemia y las alteraciones electrolíticas fueron las más frecuentes; el 29,23% de los pacientes presentaron complicaciones infecciosas, y la neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica fue la más frecuente (73,91 %). La comorbilidad con mayor incidencia fue hipertensión arterial sistémica (53,84%). El 90.70% requirió ventilación mecánica y el tiempo en VM fue 4.29 ± 6.43 días. La estancia en UCI fue 5.96 ± 7.72 días. El 29,23% presentó un puntaje en la escala APACHE II entre 5-9; el SAPS II presentó mayor incidencia entre los 6-21 y 22-37 puntos con (66,70%); el SOFA al ingreso se reportó < 15 puntos en 98,46% y >15 en 1,53%. La mortalidad del grupo fue 23,08 % (n=15). Conclusiones: Las complicaciones no infecciosas predominaron sobre las infecciosas las primeras íntimamente relacionadas con la mortalidad
The Multiple Additive Moderation Effects of Formal and Informal Communication on the Relationship between Job Insecurity and Organizational Change Resistance of Flight Attendants in M&A
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Seo Ree
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of job insecurity perceived by flight attendants on organizational change resistance in M&A and to examine the multiple additive moderation effect of formal and informal communication.
For this purpose, a total of 453 copies were used for analysis by conducting a survey on flight attendants. As a result of the analysis, it was verified that the lower the level of formal communication and the higher the level of informal communication of flight attendants who recognized job insecurity in M&A, the lower organizational change resistance.
Based on the above research results, the degree of communication formality was discussed as a way to reduce the organizational change resistance of flight attendants who recognized job insecurity in M&A, and suggestions were made for follow-up studies.
A Study on Application of the Artificial Intelligence-Based Pre-trained Language Model
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Bae Jae Kwon
Published: May 2024

Pre-trained Language Model(PLM) refers to a natural language processing(NLP) model that has been pre-trained using large amounts of text data. The PLM has the limitation of not being able to understand domain-specific terminology due to a lack of training data for terminology. Therefore, the need for a domain-specific language model modified through BERT- or GPT-based pre-trained learning has recently been emphasized. In this study, we analyze BERT's pre-training method and BERT-based transformation techniques (ALBERT, RoBERTa, ELECTRA) and propose a PLM that can be used in biomedical, financial, and legal domains. The biomedical-specific pre-trained learning model is designed to learn domain-specific language characteristics such as technical terminology, medical sentence structure, and medical entity name recognition in the biomedical field. It is mainly adjusted to be applied to biomedical tasks through transfer learning based on BERT's pre-training method and architecture. For this purpose, it is pre-trained with pre-trained biomedical text data, and this pre-training transfers domain-specific knowledge to the model through learning representations for biomedical-related texts. The finance-specific pre-trained learning model is a model that can understand and process financial terminology, financial market trends, and sentence structures and vocabulary related to financial products and services. It can be used to generate news articles about financial market trends and to extract key information by concisely summarizing long texts such as financial reports and corporate press releases. Additionally, finance-specific pre-trained models help financial analysts generate investment recommendations based on a company's financial condition, performance, and prospects. The legal-specific pre-trained model is a language model suitable for legal documents and is used for legal document classification, legal document summarization, and legal document similarity evaluation. The legal-specific pre-learning model was created by pre-training the BERT model on special texts in the legal field, and through this, it learns characteristics specialized for legal documents. The performance of the legal-specific pre-training model can be improved to solve legal-related tasks through scratch pre-training and additional pre-training using legal corpora.
Wet Field Bi-Polar Surgical Treatment for Retinopathy
Authors: Manikandan V. , Reddy Sai Kovuru , Ravindra Reddy Kancharla Ganga , Mohammed Musaib Shaik , Gari Indrasena Reddy Chamala Balanna
Published: May 2024

Retinopathy is a major cause due to high blood sugar and it affects the major nerves damage in the back of our eyes. This poor management of sugar levels in our daily intakes and it initiates major cause in human vision. Diabetic retinopathy rectification has most important favored for the every patient whose are affected by the diabetic mellitus. Surgery and surgical instrument based retinopathy has a most featured approach. Wet-field bi- polar cautery is an instrument to reduce the unwanted progressive tissue in our eyes. This device or temperature generated has controlled with the aid of sensor and microcontroller devices. This sensor based temperature optimization has increased the performance of the device. The current scenarios of the device and temperature level have explicated via various electronic devices and improve the surgical performance. Thus the efficiency and effectiveness of the system has most useful for the diabetic retinopathy patients.
Indications for Tube Thoracostomies and Factors Associated with Complications among Patients Admitted to Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
Authors: Jotham A. Seth , Mahalu William , Chalya Philipo , Mghanga Fabian , Amango Washington , Kachinde Felician , Giiti Geofrey
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Tube thoracostomy is the procedure used in management of traumatic and atraumatic chest conditions. Despite its relative safety, it can still lead to potentially severe complications during or post its insertion.  Objective: To determine the common indications and complications for tube thoracostomies with their associated factors.  Patients and methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study for a total duration of 6 months involving patients who underwent tube thoracostomy during the study period. Recruitment of the patients was done under Convenience sampling technique from all hospital wards and units. A standardized structured questionnaire with TT Complication Reporting Tool incorporated into it was used and all data were entered into an Excel sheet then transferred to STATA version 15.0 software for analysis.  Results: Tuberculous and malignant effusion were the commonest indication by 36.9% followed by thoracic empyema (10.81%) in atraumatic category. In trauma; 16.22% had hemo-pneumothorax followed by pneumothorax (13.5%). 15.3% underwent tube thoracostomy as a post thoracotomy requirement. The observed 33.3% complications rate was significantly associated with age and tube duration where by tube size and urgency showed significant association with the depicted individual complications.  Conclusions: The usefulness of tube thoracostomy cuts across both atraumatic and traumatic indications. Despite its usefulness, it is not without complications as factors like age and tube duration are highly associated with its occurrence. We therefore emphasize on the utilization of proper measures towards complication rates reduction whilst accommodating its desired management outcome.
Visual Results Following Surgery for Unilateral Congenital Cataract at a Tertiary Public Hospital in Maharashtra
Authors: Morkhade Mohan , Choudhary Kashinath , Vare Archana
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the visual outcomes of unilateral congenital cataract surgery in children.  Methods: A total of 204 eyes from 204 children, aged 2 to 12 months, undergoing unilateral congenital cataract surgery between December 2022 and March 2024, were included. The study analyzed data from a three-year follow-up and used chi-square tests to assess the relationship between visual outcomes and the age at surgery, considering P < 0.05 as statistically significant.  Results: Of 204 eyes, 64 (31.4%) underwent surgery at 2-3 months and 140 (68.6%) at 3-12 months. Visual acuity was measured postoperatively, revealing significantly poorer outcomes in children aged 3 months or older (P < 0.001) compared to those aged 2-3 months.  Conclusions: It is essential to detect and treat congenital cataracts early, followed by long-term postoperative rehabilitation, to improve visual outcomes in affected children, particularly in cases of unilateral cataract, which are more prone to developing amblyopia.
A Review on Analysis of Flavonoid and Isoflavonoids Derivatives as Anticancer Agent using Swiss ADME
Authors: Moriju Zinney , Bansal Yugam , . Abhishek , Shafi Beigh Wajid , Singh Jagroop , Bhauta Poonam
Published: May 2024

Cancer, generally characterized by uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells that metastasize to other parts of the body. It is a one of the leading concerned disease that affects the worldwide population. It can originate from almost any organ or tissue and are of various types; leukemia, lung cancer, lymphoma, stomach cancer, cervical cancer. Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids are naturally occurring polyphenolic secondary metabolites that possess numerous medicinal benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral properties. Potential agents derived from flavonoids and isoflavonoids for its anticancer activity have been studied. Due to recent technological advancement, the detailed study of any moiety and molecules is possible. A virtual screening of flavonoids was carried out using molecular docking, drug similarity, ADMET prediction, drug likeness, chemical and physicochemical properties to determine its potential anticancer activity with the use of Swiss ADME and Chem Draw software. In this review, analysis of drug likeness properties of flavonoids and isoflavonoids was thoroughly performed. Additionally, structures were examined and observed for better interaction of flavonoids scaffold with receptors. Due to their great stability, flavonoids are strongly recommended as anticancer medicines for various cancer stages.
Feed Friend: Fostering Community Involvement in Food Assistance
Authors: Priya D. Saravana , Surya Teja Vaddadhi , Ashok Kumar Bommalata , Sai Bhaskar Marrivada , Bhashirunnesa Shaik , Varshith Mohan Kocharla
Published: May 2024

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, approximately one-third of all food produced for human consumption worldwide is wasted annually. Food wastage occurs at various stages of the supply chain, including production, processing, distribution, and consumption. FeedFriend is an innovative website which was designed to combat food-wastage by fostering a vibrant community of donors and recipients. Donor Registration Individuals or Businesses can sign up as Donors on FeedFriend, providing details about the surplus food they have available for donation. This includes restaurants with excess inventory, grocery stores with perishable items nearing expiration, or individuals with leftover food from events or meals. Food Listings Donors can create listings within the website, specifying the type and quantity of food they wish to donate, include relevant details such as expiration dates etc. In Feed Friend, Users can filter the Donation requests based on their location. This type of service is used to match donors with nearby recipients in need. Recipients may include food banks, shelters, community centers, or individuals facing food insecurity. Feed Friend facilitates communication between donors and recipients, coordinates pickup or delivery logistics directly by providing donor’s contact details. So that it enables a better communication between Donors and Receivers.
High-contrast, High-angular-resolution Optical Speckle Imaging: Uncovering Hidden Stellar Companions
Authors: Howell Steve B. , Martinez Arturo O. , Hope Douglas A. , Ciardi David R. , Jefferies Stuart M. , Baron Fabien R. , Lund Michael B.
Published: May 2024

We explore the possibility of detecting very faint, very close-in stellar companions using large aperture ground-based telescopes and the technique of optical speckle imaging. We examine the state of high-angular-resolution speckle imaging and contrast levels being achieved using current speckle cameras on the Gemini 8 m telescope. We then explore the use of the modern image reconstruction technique—multiframe blind deconvolution (MFBD)—applied to speckle imaging from the Gemini 8 m telescope. We show that MFBD allows us to measure the flux ratio of the imaged stars to high accuracy and the reconstructed images yield higher precision astrometry. Both of these advances provide a large refinement in the derived astrophysical parameters compared with current Fourier techniques. MFBD image reconstructions reach contrast levels of ∼5 × 10−3, near the diffraction limit, to ∼10−4 about 1.″0 away. At these deep contrast levels with angular limits starting near the 8 m diffraction limit (∼20 mas), most stellar companions to a solar-like stars can be imaged in the optical to near-IR bandpass (320–1000 nm). “To Xanadu we go...”—adapted from S. T. Coleridge.
The Mass Dependence of Hα Emission and Stellar Spindown for Fully Convective M Dwarfs
Authors: Pass Emily K. , Charbonneau David , Latham David W. , Berlind Perry , Calkins Michael L. , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Mink Jessica
Published: May 2024

Fully convective M dwarfs typically remain rapidly rotating and magnetically active for billions of years, followed by an abrupt and mass-dependent transition to slow rotation and quiescence. A robust understanding of this process is complicated by difficulties in estimating M dwarf ages and potential dependencies on other variables such as birth environment or metallicity. To isolate the effect of mass, we consider M dwarfs in wide binaries. We identify 67 widely separated, fully convective (0.08–0.35 M
⊙) M dwarf binary systems using Gaia and measure the Hα feature for each component. We classify the pairs into three categories: systems where both components are active, systems where both are inactive, and candidate transition systems, where one component is active and the other inactive. We gather higher-resolution spectra of the candidate transition systems to verify that their behavior does not result from an unresolved third component, yielding one new triple with surprising activity levels. Neglecting this triple, we find 22 active, 36 inactive, and eight transition pairs. Our results are consistent with the epoch of spindown for these binaries being primarily determined by mass, with mild second-order effects; we place a 1σ upper limit of 0.5 Gyr or 25% on the dispersion in the mass-dependent spindown relation. Our findings suggest that the large dispersion in the spindown epoch previously observed for field stars of a given mass may stem from differences in birth environment, in addition to modest intrinsic stochasticity. We also see evidence that the wide binary population is dispersed over time due to dynamical processing.
Pressure Balance and Energy Budget of the Nuclear Superbubble of NGC 3079
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao , Sun Wei , Ji Li , Yang Yang
Published: May 2024

Superbubbles in the nuclear region of galaxies could be produced by active galactic nuclei (AGN) or nuclear starburst via different driving forces. We report analysis of the multiwavelength data of the kiloparsec-scale nuclear superbubble in NGC 3079 in order to probe the mechanisms driving the expansion of the superbubble. Based on the Chandra X-ray observations, we derive the hot-gas thermal pressure inside the bubble, which is about 1 order of magnitude higher than that of the warm ionized gas traced by optical lines. We derive a [C ii]-based star formation rate (SFR) of SFR ∼ 1.3 M
⊙ yr−1 from the nuclear region using the SOFIA/FIFI-LS observation. This SFR infers a radiation pressure toward the bubble shells much lower than the thermal pressure of the gases. The Very Large Array radio image infers that magnetic pressure at the northeast cap above the superbubble is less than the thermal pressure of the hot gas enclosed in the bubble but has a clearly larger extension. The magnetic field may thus still help to reconcile the expansion of the bubble. The observed thermal energy of the hot gas enclosed in the bubble requires an energy injection rate of ≳1042 erg s−1 within the bubble’s dynamical age, which is probably larger than the power provided by the current nuclear starburst and the parsec-scale jet. If this is true, stronger past AGN activity may provide an alternative energy source to drive the observed bubble expansion.
A Blueprint for the Milky Way’s Stellar Populations. V. 3D Local Dust Extinction
Authors: An Deokkeun , Beers Timothy C. , Chiti Anirudh
Published: May 2024

Using a grid of empirically calibrated synthetic spectra developed in our previous study, we construct an all-sky 3D extinction map from the large collection of low-resolution XP spectra in Gaia DR3. Along each line of sight, with an area ranging from 0.2 to 13.4 deg2, we determine both the reddening and metallicity of main-sequence stars and model the foreground extinction up to approximately 3 kpc from the Sun. Furthermore, we explore variations in the total-to-selective extinction ratio in our parameter search and identify its mean systematic change across diverse cloud environments in both hemispheres. In regions outside the densest parts of the clouds, our reddening estimates are validated through comparisons with previous reddening maps. However, a notable discrepancy arises in comparison to other independent work based on XP spectra, which can be attributed to systematic offsets in their metallicity estimates. On the other hand, our metallicity scale exhibits reasonable agreement with the high-resolution spectroscopic abundance scale. We also assess the accuracy of the XP spectra by applying our calibrated models, and we confirm an increasing trend of flux overestimation at shorter wavelengths below 400 nm.
Should we review our prophylaxis approach for increased antibiotic resistance in transrectal prostate biopsy?
Authors: Altunsoy Adalet , Coşer Şeref , Kemirtlek Nizamettin , Aykanat Ibrahim Can , Balci Melih , Bodur Hürrem , Tuncel Altuğ
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This study aims to show the bacteriologic picture of acute prostatitis and bacteremia caused by infective agent after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUSBx) and to determine the resistance rates of the infections in patients undergoing transrectal biopsy and to guide prophylaxis approach before biopsy.
Methodology: The retrospective data of 935 patients who underwent TRUSBx between January 2010 to January 2019 were reviewed. Pre-biopsy urine cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility were obtained. Subsequently, patients admitted to the hospital with any complaint after biopsy were examined for severe infection complications.
Results: Of the 430 (61.7%) patients who underwent urine culture before the procedure, 45 (10.5%) had growth; 30 (66.7%) of the growing microorganisms were Escherichia coli. Twenty (44.4%) of all Gram-negative agents in pre-biopsy urine culture were susceptible to quinolone. Post TRUSBx bacteremia was present in 18.2%, urinary system infection in 83.6%, and hospitalization in 61.8% of 55 patients who were admitted to the hospital. In the isolated gram-negative microorganisms, fluoroquinolones resistance in urinary system infections was seen in 40% and bacteremia was seen in 70% of the cases. ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria were determined in 40% of infections in blood and 38.5% of urinary system infections in the post biopsy period in the current study.
Conclusions: These high antibiotic resistance rates suggest that we better review our pre-procedure prophylaxis approaches.
Immediate and long-term effects of COVID-19 on antibiotic dispensing: increasing use of Watch antibiotics
Authors: Tomic Tanja , Henman Martin , Tadic Ivana , Antic Stankovic Jelena , Santric Milicevic Milena , Bukumiric Zoran , Lakic Dragana , Odalovic Marina
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected antibiotic usage worldwide. However, there is limited data from Serbia. Dispensing of oral antibiotics in Serbian pharmacies was analyzed to calculate monthly and yearly changes between 2018-2021, and to explore immediate and long-term effects of COVID-19 on antibiotic dispensing during this period.
Methodology: The number of antibiotic packages dispensed from pharmacies during the study period was analyzed with a Chi-square test to assess the average change in annual dispensing, and an interrupted time-series analysis was used to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on antibiotic dispensing. The data from 2018-2021 were retrieved from the database of a large community pharmacy chain in Serbia.
Results: The average number of antibiotic packages dispensed per day and per pharmacy was higher in 2021 compared to 2018 by one package. However, the dispensing of macrolides increased significantly; 17.7% (2018) vs. 22.5% (2021) (p < 0.05). In general, an increase in antibiotic dispensing was detected during COVID-19 for total antibiotics (16.4%), Watch antibiotics (44.8%), third-generation cephalosporins (80.4%), macrolides (45.5%) and azithromycin (83.7%). However, the immediate effect of COVID-19 was a decrease in the dispensing of Watch antibiotics, penicillin, and third-generation cephalosporins (p < 0.05); and a notable long-term COVID-19 effect was an increase in the dispensing of azithromycin (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: In spite of a relatively stable trend of total antibiotic dispensing before and during COVID-19 pandemic, the use of Watch antibiotics, third-generation cephalosporins, and macrolides (particularly azithromycin) showed an increasing trend in dispensing that should be optimized.
What is happening with frequency and occurrence of the maximum river discharges in Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Authors: Gnjato Slobodan , Leščešen Igor , Basarin Biljana , Popov Tatjana
Published: May 2024

In this study, we explored the frequency and occurrence rate of maximum river discharges in the Una and Sana rivers, to understand hydrological variations amidst climate change. We categorized maximum discharges into severe (Una River M1 > 98.2 m3/s; Sana River M1 > 118.2 m3/s) and extreme (Una River, M2, > 123.4 m3/s; Sana River M2 > 246.4 m3/s) events, and identified trends in these events, crucial for assessing environmental impacts. Our findings reveal a nuanced pattern: both rivers experience an increase in severe events from 58 to 55 and 56 to 54 days return period respectively, indicating complex hydrological dynamics. The trends underscore the significant shifts in annual event occurrences, the evolving nature of river systems and underscore the necessity for adaptive management strategies.
Diplomates espagnols et lieux stratégiques dans l’espace baltique au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Guiral Olivier
Published: May 2024

L’Espagne au XVIIIe siècle engagea un redéploiement inédit de son réseau de représentations permanentes en Europe et au-delà, sous l’impulsion des premiers Bourbons et de leurs ministres. Cette extension se concentre sur des zones stratégiques importantes pour ses intérêts politiques et économiques. L’espace baltique, zone économique très active centrée sur la mer éponyme, s’inscrit dans cette perspective. Cet article examine comment se met en place un réseau diplomatique espagnol à travers l’envoi et l’action des agents du roi d’Espagne dans trois États : le Danemark, la Suède et la Russie. Il dresse un portrait collectif de ces diplomates espagnols en dégageant des traits spécifiques en lien avec leurs parcours dans l’aire baltique. Enfin, il analyse leurs interactions dans les lieux de pouvoir que constituent les capitales et les cours des puissances du Nord.
L’œil de Stockholm - La correspondance du consul François Philippe Fölsch à Marseille, 1780-1807 - Entre gestion de l’information et construction d’un savoir sur les échanges en Méditerranée
Authors: Beaurepaire Pierre-Yves
Published: May 2024

Cet article présente une décennie de recherches collectives et d’édition critique de la correspondance de François Philippe Fölsch, consul de Suède à Marseille, premier port français à égalité avec Bordeaux à la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Dirigées par l’auteur avec Fredrik Thomasson et Silvia Marzagalli, elle a donné lieu à la publication en 2021 aux éditions Classiques Garnier, de L’œil de Stockholm. La correspondance du consul François Philippe Fölsch à Marseille, 1780-1807.
L’atelier d’Étienne-Maurice Falconet à Saint-Pétersbourg : lieu de rencontres dans la Russie de Catherine II
Authors: Tardy Hugo
Published: May 2024

L’atelier du sculpteur Étienne-Maurice Falconet à Saint-Pétersbourg est connu pour avoir été le lieu de création de la célèbre Statue équestre de Pierre le Grand, commandée par Catherine II. Réaliser une étude en passant par le lieu, comme lieu de rencontre, apporte, dans le cas de l’atelier, un nouveau regard sur un sujet qui reste encore à exploiter. Cela permet, entre autres, d’enrichir notre compréhension de la sociabilité d’un sculpteur parisien à Saint-Pétersbourg, ainsi que d’examiner l’émergence de l’intérêt des Russes pour l’art de la sculpture.
Le grand domaine agricole, un centre diffus mais symbolique du pouvoir en Prusse-Orientale (1815-1914)
Authors: Ferrebeuf Florian
Published: May 2024

Le grand domaine agricole constitue, en Prusse-Orientale, une cellule sociale fondamentale dans laquelle toutes les composantes de la société sont représentées. Le grand domaine agricole est avant tout un lieu de production agricole, où le seigneur propriétaire emploie des paysans de statuts différents pour travailler ses terres. La modernisation des domaines s’accélère au cours du siècle, pour accroître les rendements et permettre l’enrichissement de son propriétaire. Les paysans vivent parfois directement dans un domaine agricole au statut législatif particulier (Gutsbezirk), puisque le propriétaire a encore un pouvoir contraignant sur ses subalternes. La paysannerie essaie pourtant de surmonter la domination seigneuriale à travers des processus de singularisation. Ainsi, le grand domaine agricole est aussi un lieu de rencontre au niveau politique. Dans une province où près de 60 % de la population vit de l’agriculture dans les années 1890, le grand propriétaire possède effectivement une influence politique certaine.
L’espace éphémère de la performance incantatoire, lieu de rencontre entre les mondes
Authors: Moine Aleksi
Published: May 2024

Il était courant dans la Carélie du XIXe siècle d’utiliser des incantations pour assurer le bien-être des individus et de la communauté en communiquant avec des agents non humains. La performance incantatoire pouvait avoir lieu dans le sauna, notamment pour les rituels de guérison, ou dans la forêt, par exemple dans les rituels liés à la chasse ou à la protection du bétail. Si la plupart des incantations conservées le sont sous forme textuelle, l’énonciation a laissé dans les textes des traces du cadre spatio-temporel de la performance. J’étudie dans cet article la manière dont le sauna et la forêt sont construits comme espaces de la performance incantatoire. C’est à travers une perspective corporelle que les deux lieux se construisent et proposent une rencontre entre les dimensions humaine et non humaine de l’univers.
L’alimentation à Nuuk, miroir d’un « anti-Groenland » en quête de centralité culturelle
Authors: Parmantier Nina
Published: May 2024

Tandis que Nuuk est souvent considérée comme ne faisant pas partie du « vrai Groenland », l’article questionne l’identité groenlandaise sous le prisme de l’alimentation et de la possibilité pour Nuuk d’acquérir une centralité culturelle via des pratiques alimentaires communes aux Nuukois au-delà de leur origine. L’article dépasse l’opposition entre autochtonie et allochtonie et cherche à souligner au contraire le lien culturel que représentent les pratiques alimentaires à Nuuk. L’enjeu réside dans un premier temps à analyser les dynamiques propres à l’identité alimentaire nuukoise et le décalage qui peut exister entre la capitale et le reste du Groenland. Cette divergence est remise en question par les stratégies de transmission et d’adaptation du patrimoine alimentaire qui conduisent à la réaffirmation de la centralité culturelle de Nuuk au Groenland. L’émergence d’une identité inclusive dans la capitale multiculturelle favorise-t-elle alors la construction d’un vivre-ensemble qui dépasse les oppositions ethniques qui peuvent subsister au Groenland ?
Confusional Arousal: Two Case Reports
Authors: Fatma Farheen , Karia Sagar , Shah Nilesh , Desousa Avinash
Published: May 2024

Confusional arousal, classified under parasomnias, is a condition in which patients exhibit wakeful behaviors while still apparently asleep. It may be associated with shouting or sleepwalking and usually lasts for a few minutes to several hours. Patients tend to have no memory of the occurrence of such episodes. We report two cases of confusional arousals, the first, a 15-year-old boy suffering from autism spectrum disorder, and the second, a 10-year-old boy, with no other significant history.
Role of Expressed Emotions and Its Impact on Relapse in Bipolar Affective Disorder
Authors: Endreddy Ananda Reddy , Ch Lakshmi Rajesh , Veeramachaneni Harshitha
Published: May 2024

Background:

The role of expressed emotions (EEs) in relapse is poorly understood in bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Understanding the association between EE and relapse will be useful in predicting further relapse and improving the prognosis.

Aims and Objectives:

The present study was conducted with the objectives of assessing the relationship between EEs of caregivers and relapse of the illness in patients with BPAD on regular medication and to assess the relationship between severity of illness and EEs.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty consecutive bipolar disorder patients diagnosed as per the International Classification of Diseases-10 criteria, who were admitted into the department of psychiatry with relapse while on regular medication, and their caregivers were recruited into the study. Data were collected using a semi-structured pro forma designed for the study. Clinical details of illness were obtained from the informant and the records. The severity of the current episode was assessed with the rating scales (Young Mania Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). The Expressed emotions(EE) among the caregivers were assessed using the Family Attitude Scale, association between EE and relapses as well as the severity of illness was analyzed with appropriate tests.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 43.8 ± 15.4. Majority of them were male and married (68% and 68%). The mean age of the caregivers was 47.1 ± 10.5. The majority of the caregivers were female (60%). Sixty-four percent of the caregivers had high EEs. The mean age of onset of illness was 26.2 ± 4.6, and the number of previous episodes was 3.9 ± 2.5. The total duration of illness was 17.7 ± 13.4 years, and the number of previous admissions was 3.3 ± 2.2. Among clinical variables of patients and caregivers with high EEs, a significant association was found between duration of illness (Chi-square test: 11.82, P = 0.003), previous episodes (Chi-square test: 12.26, P < 0.01), and the number of previous admissions (Chi-square test: 9.79, P = 0.002).

Conclusion:

There was a significant association between high EE and relapse.
Sociodemographic Predictors of Care Burden and Psychological Distress in Schizophrenia
Authors: Singh Abhijeet
Published: May 2024

Background:

Caregiving is schizophrenia is challenging and burdensome.

Aim and Objectives:

The study aimed to know the sociodemographic predictors of care burden and psychological distress in schizophrenia.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. A total sample of 540 caregivers of persons with schizophrenia was selected, using purposive sampling from the outpatient Department of LGBRIMH, Tezpur, Assam. The study was approved by the IEC of LGBRIMH, Tezpur. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0.

Results:

The mean age of patients and their caregivers was 35.6 ± 13.4 and 37.7 ± 12.4 years, respectively. Moderate to severe level of care burden was present in male caregivers (55.6%). Severe level of stress, anxiety, and depression was present in majority of the male respondents (42.5%, 43.2%, and 49.0%, respectively) who were the primary caregivers (41.2%, 40.8%, and 48.9%, respectively), married (41.2%, 37.7%, and 48.1%, respectively), belonging to rural background (43.8%, 43.2%, and 48.5%, respectively), educated till primary level (42.6%, 44.6%, and 58.3%, respectively), mostly unemployed (49.2%, 47.5%, and 50.8%, respectively) belonging to lower socioeconomic background (46.6%, 49.2%, and 48.0%, respectively), and with a history of mental illness in the family (41.6%, 40.7%, and 48.0%, respectively). Extremely severe level of stress (57.1%), with severe level of anxiety and depression (41.7%, 52.8%), was present in majority of the caregivers having nuclear family type condition. Marital status, occupation, family income, and type of caregiving contribute significantly to the prediction of care burden (F [14,525] =11.6, P = 0.001), whereas, caregiver’s gender, education, and, patient’s onset of illness contribute significantly to the prediction of psychological distress among caregivers (F [14,525] =5.31, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Psychosocial intervention is the need of the hour.
Internalized Stigma among Persons with Schizophrenia: A Study from Tertiary Care Center in the Northeastern Part of India
Authors: Ali Arif , Islam Sabana Nasrin , Paul Fayaz Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Background:

Stigma relating to mental illness has mostly been studied in communities and families. Less research has been conducted in India to understand the current subjective experience of persons with mental illness in the tertiary care hospital setting in India.

Aim and Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the extent of internalized stigma among persons and to see the association between self-stigma, self-esteem, insight, and adherence.

Methodology:

The study used a cross-sectional design. The present study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam. For the present study, 200 persons with schizophrenia were selected. Participants of this study were persons with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research. Sociodemographic and clinical data sheet, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Morisky Adherence Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were administered. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 21 version.

Results:

The findings show that 45% of the participants were having moderate internalized stigma and 21% of the participants were having severe internalized stigma. Self-Esteem Scale (B = −341, t = −2.940, P = 005), medication adherence (B = −701, t = −9.832, P = 000), and insight (B = −711, t = −6.496, P = 000) contributed significantly to the prediction of internalized stigma among persons with schizophrenia (F [3,63] =58.712, P = 000) accounting for 85.8% variance.

Conclusion:

The findings confirm that self-esteem, medication adherence, and insight contributed significantly to the prediction of internalized stigma among persons with schizophrenia.
Molecular diagnostics of prostate cancer: impact of molecular tests
Authors: Azzalini Eros , Bonin Serena
Published: May 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is used in screening programs for early detection with a consequent reduction of PCa-specific mortality at the cost of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of the nonaggressive PCa. Recently, several assays have been commercially developed to implement PCa diagnosis, but they have not been included in both screening and diagnosis of PCa. This review aims to describe the actual and novel commercially available molecular biomarkers that can be used in PCa management to implement and tailor the screening and diagnosis of PCa.
Frequency of Transcription Factor 7-like 2 rs12255372 Mutation among Bangladeshi Adult Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Mahmood Syed Azmal , Fariduddin Mohammad , Banu Laila Anjuman , Hossain Shoaib , Masum Md Mohiuddin , Selim Shahjada
Published: May 2024

Background:

While the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex, genetic markers for T2DM are surfacing fast, and amidst such markers, the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene has been emerged as the most promising T2DM-causing gene. The intronic variant rs12255372 of the TCF7L2 gene has been found to be strongly associated with T2DM in different ethnic populations.

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of rs12255372 polymorphism in the TCF7L2 gene in Bangladeshi adult population with T2DM.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Eighty T2DM patients were recruited consecutively by nonrandom sampling, who signed the informed consent, history, and clinical features including height, weight, and waist circumferences were recorded. Blood samples were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted and single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs12255372 (G>T) were determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method.

Statistical Analysis:

RFLP results were analyzed by the gel electrophoresis to get the frequency of rs12255372 polymorphism. The independent segregation of alleles was tested for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium using the Chi-square test of goodness of fit. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The minor (T) allele frequencies (MAF) for rs12255372 (G>T) among T2DM was 28%. The observed genotype frequencies of rs12255372 (G>T) were different than those expected from the Hardy–Weinberg equation.

Conclusion:

The minor T allele frequency of rs12255372 (G>T) among T2DM participants was about one-fourth.
Autologous Concentrate Growth Factor for the Treatment of Endo-Perio Lesion – A Case Report
Authors: Aggarwal Priyanka , Singh Vandana
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

The success of a combined periodontal and endodontic lesion depends on the elimination of both these disease processes. In the case of a combined endo-perio lesion, endodontic therapy results in healing of the endodontic component of involvement, while the prognosis of teeth would finally depend on the healing of the periodontal structure.

Treatment:

This case report evaluates the efficacy of autologous fibrin glue and bone graft, that is, sticky bone in the management of bone defects associated with endo-perio lesion. The endo-perio lesion is first treated endodontically, followed by periodontal therapy. Conclusion: The patient was kept on follow-up for 9 months, and satisfactory results in terms of bone fill and reduction in pocket depth were obtained.

Take-away Lessons:

The sticky bone enhances regeneration in treatment of endo-perio lesions.
Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus, arising from lamina muscularis mucosae, in a combination with microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma—A case report
Authors: Bozhkova Desislava M. , Chapkanov Anastas P. , Koleva Maria S.
Published: May 2024

Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus is a very rare disease, accounting for less than 0.5% of malignant esophageal tumors. Esophageal leiomyosarcoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma is even rarer than solitary leiomyosarcoma. To our knowledge, there are less than ten cases of simultaneously diagnosed leiomyosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. A 66-year-old male was admitted to our hospital suffering from epigastric pain, asthenia, weight loss, and difficulties when feeding with solid food which had been present for 2 weeks. A computed tomography scan showed a large tumor tissue mass in the mid-to-distal part of the esophagus. The patient underwent robot-assisted surgery—an esophagectomy with esophagogastrostomy. Histologically, the tumor consisted of highly pleomorphic spindle cells with multiple atypical mitosis and necrotic areas. An immunohistochemical examination was performed to distinguish leiomyosarcoma from spindle cell squamous carcinoma or malignant GIST. Tumor cells stained diffusely positive for smooth muscle actin, but negative for p63, CD117, and CKAE1/AE3. Tumor invasion involved mucosa and submucosa, without tunica muscularis propria. Microinvasive well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was also noted in the mucosa at the borders between the tumor and the healthy part of the esophagus. The aim of the manuscript is to present an extremely rare case of combined polypoid leiomyosarcoma and microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, cured by robot-assisted surgical intervention and to emphasize that such cases should be examined carefully, including additional diagnostic tests such as Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in order to define the correct diagnosis.
Tumor necrosis serves as an important pathological characteristic of stage I–II colon cancer
Authors: Dong Shuhui , Xu Jin , Li Mingshan , Xiong Guangyi , Wang Ruilin
Published: May 2024

Background:

The long-term prognosis of colon cancer patients remains little changed with relatively high mortality and morbidity. Since the most widely used prognostic parameter TNM staging system is less satisfactory in predicting prognosis in early-stage cancers, numerous clinicopathological factors, including tumor necrosis, have been proposed for prognosis stratification, but substantial evidences are still lacking for early-stage colon cancer.

Materials and Methods:

In the retrospective study, a total of eligible 173 stage I–II colon cancer patients, who received tumor radical resection and lymphadenectomy in the local hospital between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, were enrolled for analyzing the prognostic role of tumor necrosis. The primary endpoints included 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results:

The median follow-up of enrolled early-stage colon cancer patients was 58.3 months. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates were 88.3% and 68.2%, respectively, and the 2-year and 5-year PFS rates were 85.6% and 62.7%, respectively. Seventy-eight patients (45.1%) were diagnosed with tumor necrosis by pathological examination. Demographic analysis revealed a significant association of tumor necrosis with larger tumor size and a marginal association with vascular invasion. Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated that tumor necrosis was associated with worse OS (log-rank P = 0.003) and PFS (log-rank P = 0.002). The independent unfavorable prognostic effect of tumor necrosis was further validated in univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio = 1.91 (1.52–2.40), P = 0.004).

Conclusions:

The current study confirmed the independent prognostic role of tumor necrosis from pathological review in early-stage colon cancer patients. This pathological criterion promises to help in identifying high-risk subgroup from early-stage colon cancer patients, who may benefit from strict follow-up and adjuvant therapy.
Minocycline-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) masquerading as acute leukemia
Authors: Gupta Devika , Singh Kanwaljeet , Dhaka Ankit , Sengupta Prasanta
Published: May 2024

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is an idiosyncratic drug reaction characterized by fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy associated with atypical lymphocytosis and eosinophilia. Visceral organ involvement is also seen and hence it often mimics hematolymphoid malignancies. A 19-year-old girl presented with generalized pruritic rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, and lymphocytosis. Subsequently, she developed respiratory distress with a fall in SpO2. Flow cytometry, bone marrow studies, and infectious workup were normal. Skin biopsy and clinical assessment criteria established the diagnosis of DRESS secondary to minocycline intake. Discontinuation of the offending drug is most important to abet the hypersensitivity reaction. Visceral organ involvement requires the use of steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Our patient responded well to treatment and is presently symptom-free and on follow-up for the last 6 months.
Assessment of Lung Health Status by Analyzing Cough Sound Using Swaasa Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Pavithra R , Sindhu B. M. , Kumbar Abhinandan S. , Balu P. S. , Sangolli Basavaraj , Rashmi B. M. , Gowda Nagendra , Vasudevareddy Savitha S.
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

The crucial function of the respiratory system is the facilitation of blood gas exchange process. Spirometry is the diagnostic tool to detect and differentiate obstructive and restrictive respiratory diseases that impair this vital function. The need for a clinical setup, technical expertise, and patient compliance are certain limitations for utilizing spirometry in remote areas. Swaasa® artificial intelligence (AI) platform, which has a Class B manufacturing license from India’s Central Drugs Standard Control Organization, is a validated “software as a medical device,” which aids in screening and diagnosis of respiratory diseases, unbounded by location, equipment and technical expertise.

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to determine the “lung health index” and the “pattern of lung health” conditions among nursing students.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the Swaasa® AI platform among students of a nursing college in Central Karnataka in June 2023. Based on audiometric analysis of cough sounds, parameters such as underlying respiratory condition, cough count values, and respiratory symptoms experienced, ‘Swaasa’ AI platform derives pattern of respiratory condition (normal/obstructive/restrictive/mixed), ‘Lung Health Index,’ and presence or absence of lung health risk. Data collected in the Swaasa app were downloaded and analyzed using SPSS.v. 20.

Results:

Lung health risk was present in 58.2% of participants. Abnormal lung pattern was noted in 21.3% of participants (obstructive: 14.8%, restrictive: 2.5%, and mixed pattern: 4.1%).

Conclusion:

The Swaasa AI platform was utilized in this study to self-test lung health in real time without the need for a clinical setting. A high lung health index was found among 18% of participants. Studies adopting such cough sound analysis involving a larger population from wider geographic areas have to be conducted to detect and monitor respiratory diseases to increase its usage among the medical community in everyday clinical practice and also in remote areas.