bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Lawyer Office
Authors: Mrs. N. S. Gite  , Shubham Ambar Rahile  , Apurva Prabhakar Sarode  , Aditya Santosh Shinde
Published: May 2024

In the legal world, we have a big problem: The legal system currently uses an outdated file handling system, causing delays. This project proposes a new and reliable method to address this issue. The solution includes a device for data backup, access, manipulation, and document digitization. By implementing modern technology, the judicial system can better meet the changing needs of judges and the business sector. Digital Lawyer Office project introduces a transformative solution for the legal sector. It modernizes workflows, enhances security. The results underscore the project's success in providing a comprehensive digital platform that meets the changing needs of legal professionals and the business sector. Our project, The Digital Lawyer Office, is like a solution for the legal world's outdated file handling problems. We're creating a smart system with a Case Management Module to make legal work smoother, a secure data backup system, and a Document Management System. This project isn't just about using new technology; it's about making legal work much better and ready for the future. The Digital Lawyer Office is here to fix issues, improve efficiency, and gain to what legal professionals need.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP KESIAPSIAGAAN PALANG MERAH REMAJA PADA GEMPA BUMI DI SMK HAJI SUMATERA UTARA TAHUN 2022
Authors: Anwar Syahferi
Published: May 2024

Gempa bumi besar yang terjadi di Indonesia tercatat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir telah menyebabkan ribuan korban jiwa, keruntuhan dan kerusakan infrastruktur dan bangunan, serta dana trilyunan rupiah untuk rehabilitasi dan rekontruksi. Adanya dampak yang serius terkait bencana gempa bumi maka diperlukan upaya berupa kesiapsiagaan. Tingkat kesiapsiagaan dapat diukur dengan memperhatikan faktor yaitu pengetahuan dan sikap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap kesiapsiagaan Palang Merah Remaja pada gempa bumi di SMK Haji Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif korelasi dan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah populasi sampel sebanyak 20 orang. Teknik pengambilan sample menggunakan total sampling, sehingga jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 20 orang. Analisa data yang digunakan uji korelasi sphearman. Hasil penelitian menujukkan sebagian responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan cukup (60%) dan sikap kesiapsiagaan sedang (80%). Sehingga didapatkan hasil pengetahuan dengan sikap kesiapsiagaan pada gempa bumi diperoleh nilai p-value=0,01, dimana p<0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan sikap kesiapsiagaan Palang Merah Remaja pada gempa bumi di SMK Haji Sumatera Utara tahun 2022. Penelitian ini diharapkan agar pihak sekolah memberikan pelatihan-pelatihan dan kesiapsiagaan dalam kebencanaan seperti gempa bumi.
Jury trial in Kazakhstan and world experience
Authors: Майшекина Э.С. , Толысбаева А.Д.
Published: May 2024

В статье приводится краткая история становления суда присяжных, дается описание различных типов судов присяжных. Актуальность темы определяется местом судебной системы в уравновешивании трех ветвей власти, а также в восприятии гражданским обществом суда присяжных как проявление его открытости и демократичности. Целю исследования является анализ эффективности сложившейся в Казахстане системы суда присяжных в делах защиты прав и свобод населения. Научная значимость статьи состоит в критическом анализе казахстанской модели суда присяжных, десятилетнего опыта его становления, а также поиске решения проблемы повышения его эффективности. Авторы использовали сравнительно-исторический, статистический и специальные правовые методы исследования. Результаты исследования приводятся в кратком выводе о причинах низкой эфективности деятельности суда присяжных в Казахстане. Ценность данного исследования заключается в расширении круга работ на государственном языке и в попытках поиска путей решения данной проблемы. Рекомендации авторов заключаются в повышении эфективности работы суда присяжных и имеют практическое значение как для законотворческой работы так и в подготовке профессиональных юристов.

The article provides a brief history of the formation of the jury trial, provides a description of the various types of jury trials. The relevance of the topic is determined by the place of the judicial system in balancing the three branches of government, as well as in the perception by civil society of the jury trial as a manifestation of its openness and democracy. The aim of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of the jury system that has developed in Kazakhstan in protecting the rights of people. The scientific significance of the article lies in the critical analysis of the Kazakhstani model of the jury trial, the ten-year experience of its formation, the search for a solution to the problem of increasing its efficiency. The authors used comparative historical, statistical and special legal research methods. The results of the study are given in a brief conclusion about the reasons for the low efficiency of jury trials in Kazakhstan. The value of this study in expanding the range of such works in the state language and attempts to find ways to solve the problem. The recommendations of the authors to improve the efficiency of the jury trial are of practical importance both for legislative work and in the training of professional lawyers.
Theoretical foundations of economic relations for the procurement of material resources at the enterprise
Authors: Еркінова С.Е.
Published: May 2024

В настоящее время в условиях рыночной экономики в Казахстане хозяйственные связи по закупкам материальных ресурсов постоянно изменяются и корректируются. С расширением рынка сбыта, с налаживанием торговых отношений, с открытием границ появляются новые возможности для закупок материальных ресурсов для предприятия. Четкая организация и осуществление закупок материальных ресурсов и рациональное расширение хозяйственных связей по закупкам материальных ресурсов предусматривает наличие обширной информаций о рынках. Поэтому актуальным вопросом является организация хозяйственных связей на принципах западного маркетинга, менеджмента. Исследование хозяйственных связей по закупках материальных ресурсов на предприятие достаточное большое и можно изучить, и исследовать как теоретическую сторону, так и практическую сторону предприятия хозяйственных связей по закупкам материальных ресурсов. Целью данной работы является исследование теоретических основ по организации хозяйственных связей по закупкам материальных ресурсов предприятия и предложение практических рекомендаций по совершенствованию хозяйственных связей по закупкам материальных ресурсов

Currently, in the conditions of a market economy in Kazakhstan, economic relations for the procurement of material resources are constantly changing and being adjusted. With the expansion of the sales market, with the establishment of trade relations, with the opening of borders, new opportunities for the purchase of material resources for the enterprise appear. A clear organization and implementation of the procurement of material resources and the rational expansion of economic ties for the procurement of material resources provides for the availability of extensive information about the markets. Therefore, an urgent issue is the organization of economic relations based on the principles of Western marketing and management. The study of economic relations for the procurement of material resources for an enterprise is large enough and it is possible to study and investigate both the theoretical side and the practical side of the enterprise of economic relations for the procurement of material resources. The purpose of this work is to study the theoretical foundations for the organization of economic relations for the procurement of material resources of the enterprise and to offer practical recommendations for improving economic relations for the procurement of material resources.
Самоактивация студентов –основа личностно-профессионального развития
Authors: Табылдиева З.А. , Султанова Н.К.
Published: May 2024

Мақалада студенттердің өзін-өзі белсендіру мәселелері мен тұлғалық кәсіби дамуы мәселелері қарастырылған. Тұлғалық кәсіби іс-әрекетті қалыптастыру жолдары көрсетілген. Тұлғалық-кәсіби даму мәселесі психологияда бірнеше ғылыми бағыттары қарастырылды. Жоғары оқу орнындағы (ЖОО) білім беру субъектілерінің негізгілерінің бірі болып оқытушы саналатыны белгілі. Ал заманауи педагогтың білім беруді ізгілендіруде, білім алушыларды оқыту мен тәрбиелеу үрдісінде олардың әлеуметтік рөлінің басымдығы маңызды болып табылады. Осыған байланысты олардың құзыреттілігінен, шығармашылығынан және тұлғалық-кәсіби қасиеттерінің дамуынан білім беру сапасын артуы мен нәтижелігі талап етеді.Сондықтан да бұл мақаланың маңыздылығы жоғары.

В статье рассматриваются проблемы самореализации и личностного профессионального развития студентов. Показаны пути формирования профессиональной деятельности личности. Проблема личностно-профессионального развития рассматривалась в психологии с несколькими научными направлениями. Известно, что одним из основных субъектов образования в высшем учебном заведении (вузе) является преподаватель. Важным является приоритет социальной роли современного педагога в гуманизации образования, в процессе обучения и воспитания обучающихся. В связи с этим от их компетентности, творчества и развития личностно-профессиональных качеств требуется повышение качества и результативности образования. Поэтому эта статья имеет большое значение.

The article deals with the problems of self-realization and personal professional development of students. The ways of formation of professional activity of the individual are shown. The problem of personal and professional development was considered in psychology with several scientific directions. It is known that one of the main subjects of education in a higher educational institution (university) is a teacher. Important is the priority of the social role of the modern teacher in the humanization of education, in the process of teaching and educating students. In this regard, their competence, creativity and development of personal and professional qualities require improving the quality and effectiveness of education. Therefore, this article is of great importance.
Propuesta de metodología para la enseñanza del Dibujo de Figura Humana en la formación universitaria de Bellas Artes
Authors: Echevarria Aguirre Maitane , Berroya Elosua Alfonso
Published: May 2024

En la enseñanza universitaria del dibujo de figura humana actual se utilizan metodologías de aprendizaje y trabajos de estudios heredados de la formación clásica. Sin embargo, éstas no siempre conectan con el estudiantado actual, que está sujeto a una realidad compleja fruto de la sobreestimulación producida por las redes sociales, que, a su vez, afecta a sus capacidades de concentración, gestión de la frustración y continuidad en el aprendizaje.
Ante ello, el estudiantado puede encontrar dicha frustración a través de la repetición de ejercicios sin conocer los objetivos específicos de cada uno de ellos.
Dada esta realidad, creemos que es necesario replantear el modelo docente en la enseñanza del dibujo de la figura humana. Por ello, vamos a plantear un modelo docente organizando la aproximación al dibujo de la figura humana consistente en tres fases: profundización en los fundamentos del dibujo de figura humana, estudio de la anatomía humana, y dibujo de la figura humana desde la memoria.
Para ello utilizaremos ejemplos reales obtenidos en la Facultad de Bellas Artes de la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU).
Geological heritage sites assessment in the northern flank of the Calbuco volcano (Southern Andes, Chile)
Authors: Sánchez Florencia D. , Romero Jorge E. , Pereira Paulo , Schilling Manuel E.
Published: May 2024

Calbuco volcano (41.3° S, Southern Andes) ranks second in the Chilean volcanic risk ranking. The products of Calbuco’s last eruption (April 22-23, 2015) severely affected the surroundings of the volcano, particularly the Ensenada village (~1,500 inhab.), evidencing a growing need for effective volcanic risk management and mitigation. The geological study of volcanic deposits and landforms is a key step in reconstructing past volcanic eruptions and for the evaluation of volcanic hazards and associated risks. Additionally, well-preserved and easily accessible volcanic deposits can be considered as geological heritage sites (geosites) that could be used to educate communities and visitors about geological hazards and volcanic risk through different outreach, educational, and touristic activities. In the northern flank of Calbuco, a series of protected public and private areas (Llanquihue National Reserve, Valle Los Ulmos Park, and Volcanes Park) foster the conservation of natural heritage and facilitate the accessibility to volcanic deposits. Our contribution therefore assesses the geological heritage potential of the northern flank of the Calbuco volcano through literature review, geological mapping, and stratigraphic and petrographic studies of recent eruptive deposits. The identified geosites were scored and ranked through a quantitative procedure. The top three-ranked geosites hold high scientific value and good accessibility conditions. These sites may sustain a geoconservation strategy based on scientific, educational, and touristic activities, contributing thus to volcanic risk reduction in the area.
Moscow Conceptualism, 1975–1985
Authors: Nicholas Mary A.
Published: May 2024

As the last generation of underground artists in the Soviet Union and the first on the post-Soviet scene, Moscow conceptualists provide a unique point of view on the breakup of the USSR, the changing role of unofficial art in a repressive state, and the beginning of a new world order in both art and politics. Offering a counter-narrative to the tradition of Socialist Realism that dominates Soviet art history, this book provides insight into the production and activism of the experimental artists that worked in Moscow during this watershed moment in Russian history.

Based on extensive original research and in-depth interviews with the original artists, Nicholas demonstrates how the work of these radical, unconventional artists challenged the Soviet authorities, official doctrine, and even other colleagues in the nonconformist art world. They rebelled against political and artistic restraints alike, turning everyday texts and engaged performances into powerful statements of creative independence and unrestrained imagination.

Unlike many of their fellow dissenters, these artists rejected elitist notions about art for art’s sake in favor of a more open, democratic, and on-going dialogue about everyday concerns. Their embrace of humor, their focus on the real meaning of words, and their insistence on the importance of broad participation in the creation of art make these artists important models for the challenges of our own time. A crucial link between the revolutionary avant-garde and contemporary protest art, Moscow Conceptualism offers lessons for activists under pressure from authoritarian regimes around the world.

By highlighting the importance of laughter, imaginative outreach, and direct engagement with everyday citizens, this book presents fascinating evidence of the importance of individual protest and demonstrates that socially-engaged art can be a powerful weapon for change in building a better world.
Gender and Educational Leadership in Greece
Authors: Papanastasiou Emmy
Published: May 2024

Worldwide women constitute the majority of the teaching force, but men are more likely to achieve headship. Internationally a number of scholars working within sociology and the sociology of education have focused on the continued influence of gender on the shaping of identity and choices in relation to leadership, work and home. But in Greece the under-representation of women in educational leadership has received limited attention. Why are there so few women in educational leadership? How are leadership and gender constructed by men and women head teachers and teachers? Are the perceptions of men and women different and gendered? What is the future for women in leadership in Greece?

Papanastasiou uses qualitative data from interviews with men and women head teachers and teachers in Greece and analyzes them using a feminist social constructionist framework to provide some answers to these key questions. In doing so, the book sheds light on social, cultural and political factors that influence women’s potential advancement in educational leadership.
Encyclopedia of Rape
Authors: Smith Merril D.
Published: May 2024

Rape has been perpetrated throughout history and worldwide, and today ours has been called a rape culture, because sexual violence, mainly against women and children, is prevalent and tolerated to some extent. TheEncyclopedia of Rapeoffers 185 entries in an A-to-Z essay format covering the historical scope and magnitude of the issue in the United States and globally. Written by a host of scholars from diverse fields, it provides informed perspectives on the key dimensions of the topic, from concepts, social movements, offenders, high-profile cases, legislation, influential activists, landmark texts, and victimology to representations in literature and art. This solid, accessible ready-reference will allow students and the general reader to contextualize current events and reading and viewing in history, literature and the Bible, film, art history, gender studies, psychology, criminology, popular culture, and more.

Rape is a topic of perpetual relevance and remains deeply controversial, as it involves the sexual act. Although women are the primary targets of rape and thus the focus of discussion of it, the rape of men, children, and animals is also considered in the encyclopedia. Up to date, it contains insight on the manifestations of rape today, including as a tool of ethnic cleansing in Bosnia and genocide in Rwanda, the Catholic Church priest scandals, and drug-facilitated date rape. Added value comes from an abundance of statistics, suggested reading for further research per entry, chronology, resource guide, and appendix listing entries by topic.
Religion in the Age of Shakespeare
Authors: Baker Christopher
Published: May 2024

Shakespeare's plays were the product of his culture and reflect the daily life of Elizabethans. This book examines the religious background of his works and helps students use his plays to understand religion in Elizabethan England. The initial chapters survey the role of religion in Shakespeare's world. The volume then looks at religion in his plays and how productions from different periods have addressed the religious issues of his drama. A chapter then overviews criticism on Shakespeare and religion, while a selection of primary documents illuminates his religious milieu.

Students often find the Elizabethan world fascinating yet challenging. The same can be said of Shakespeare's plays, which reflect the daily life and concerns of Elizabethan England and grew out of his milieu. Written for students, this book illuminates the religious life of Elizabethan England, promotes a greater understanding of Shakespeare's plays, and uses Shakespeare's works to examine Early Modern religious culture.

The volume begins with a quick overview of the origins of Elizabethan religious traditions, followed by a more detailed consideration of the chief religious beliefs and concerns of Shakespeare's world. It then discusses the role of religion in Shakespeare's plays. This is followed by a look at how various productions have interpreted his religious concerns. A review of criticism on Shakespeare and religion follows, along with a selection of primary documents related to religion in his world. A glossary defines key terms and concepts, and a bibliography cites print and electronic resources for further study. Literature students will welcome this book as a guide to Shakespeare's plays, while history students will value it for using his plays to examine religion in the Early Modern era.
Ringside
Authors: Beekman Scott M.
Published: May 2024

Despite its status as one of the oldest and most enduringly popular sports in history, wrestling has been pushed to the background of the current American sports scene. Most people today would have a hard time even considering wrestling (with some of its modern theatrics) in the same terms as track and field or boxing. But until the 1920s, wrestling stood as a legitimate professional sport in this country, and a widely practiced amateur one as well. Its past respectability may not have endured, but the advent of cable television in the 1980s offered the sport a renewed opportunity to play a determining role in American popular culture. This opportunity was not wasted, and wrestlers now assume places in politics and film at the highest levels.Ringside, the first work to fully examine the history of professional wrestling in this country, provides an illuminating and colorful account of all of the various athletes, entertainers, businessmen, and national outlooks that have determined wrestling's erratic route through American history.

This chronological work begins with a brief account of wrestling's global history, and then proceeds to investigate the sport's growth as a specifically American institution. Wrestling has continued to survive in the face of technological developments, scandals, public ridicule, and a lack of centralized control, and today this supremely adaptable entertainment form represents, in sum, an international industry capable of attracting enormous television and pay-per-view audiences, along with massive amounts of advertising and merchandizing revenue.Ringsidefocuses on the business of wrestling as well as on the performers and their in-ring antics, and offers readers a fully nuanced examination of the development of professional wrestling in America.
Encyclopedia of Russian and Slavic Myth and Legend
Authors: Dixon-Kennedy Mike
Published: May 2024

This volume offers the first comprehensive guide in English to the myth and legend of the Russian Empire and other Slavic countries and peoples.
Security with Solvency
Authors: Clarfield Gerald
Published: May 2024

During World War II, General Dwight D. Eisenhower became convinced that the era of separate land, sea, and air operations was over and that future military operations would involve all three elements acting in concert. He foresaw that, once peace had been restored, the waste and duplication of effort which characterized America's military operations during the war would not be tolerated by an economy-minded Congress. A fiscal conservative, Eisenhower saw national security as dependent upon maintaining a healthy economy and a strong military. His goal, therefore, was the achievement of an efficient, properly balanced military establishment within the context of a healthy economy through the unification of the services into a single Cabinet level department.

As Army Chief of Staff, adviser to Secretaries of National Defense James Forrestal and Louis Johnson, and then as president, Eisenhower was a leader in the effort to achieve unification. The final result of these efforts, the Military Reorganization Act of 1958, did not encompass all of the changes that Eisenhower originally sought. However, he had been instrumental in transforming the unorganized military establishment of pre-war America into a highly centralized organization led by a powerful secretary of defense. This structure would remain unchanged for twenty-eight years.
Special Collections 2.0
Authors: Whittaker Beth , Thomas Lynne M.
Published: May 2024

A critical examination of Web 2.0 tools used in special collections, archives, and museums, with an emphasis on using interactive technology to create and preserve content.

Based on surveys and firsthand research across the archivist's profession,Special Collections 2.0: New Technologies for Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archival Collectionsoffers essential advice and practical ideas for creating, collecting, and preserving born-digital materials for optimal long-term access—using the best of what the new Web has to offer.

Special Collections 2.0surveys the web's new options for interconnectivity and interactivity tool by tool, exploring the benefits and shortcomings of applying each to the special collection and archives profession. It combines expert analysis of the pros and cons of Web 2.0 with numerous reports of how wikis, blogs, photosharing, social networks, and more are already being put to work in this essential field. Creators, researchers, and caretakers of the historic record—even those anxious about using the Internet—will understand the best ways to put Web 2.0 to work in the service of our cultural heritage.
Sport in Ancient Times
Authors: Crowther Nigel B.
Published: May 2024

Crowther offers a fascinating look at the role of sport as practiced in several important civilizations in the ancient world. He not only probes the games themselves, but explores the ways in which athletics figured into cultural arenas that extended beyond physical prowess to military associations, rituals, status, and politics. Sport in Ancient Times has four distinct parts: the Prehistoric Age, historic Greece, ancient Italy, and the Byzantine Empire. Beginning with the earliest civilizations, Crowther examines the military and recreational aspects of sports in prehistoric Egypt, with brief references to other river-valley cultures in Sumeria, Mesopotamia, and Persia. He looks at the rituals of Cretan bull-leaping and boxing in the Bronze Age, the high status of sports in Mycenaean Greece, and the funeral games in the Trojan War as described by the epic poet Homer.

In what he terms the historic period, Crowther examines the significance of the ancient Olympic Games, the events of Greek athletics, and the attitude of other civilizations (notably Rome) towards them. He attempts to discover to what extent the Romans believed in the famous ideal of Juvenal, a sound mind in a sound body, and discusses the significance of the famous Baths not only for sport, but also for culture and society. He likewise explores the Roman emphasis on spectator sports and the use of gladiatorial contests and chariot racing for political purposes (the concept of bread and games). The section on the Byzantine Empire focuses, notably, on chariot racing and the riots at sporting contests—riots reminiscent of crowd violence in modern sports such as soccer. Crowther closes with perspectives that bring to life some of the issues revealed in previous chapters. These include a comparison of the social status and significance of a famous Olympic athlete (Milo), a Roman gladiator (Hermes), and a Byzantine chariot racer (Porphyrius). He also addresses the changing role of women in sports in antiquity. Women were prominent in sport in Egypt, for example, but almost entirely absent from the ancient Olympic Games. The final chapter discusses team sports and ball games. Although these were comparatively rare in the ancient world, one may see in those that did exist the forerunners of modern football and hockey.
The Stock Market
Authors: Hein Scott E. , Hafer Rik W.
Published: May 2024

The stock market—the virtual place where corporations raise capital—has come to symbolize business more profoundly than any other entity or institution. This book provides a glimpse into the history, development, regulation, and increasing importance that the stock market plays in business and economic growth, as well as the investment strategies of individuals—in the U.S. and around the world, including Europe, Japan, Hong Kong, and emerging markets in the developing world that are rapidly integrating into the global economy.

To explore the roles and workings of the stock market, the authors trace its evolution from its origins on Wall Street in the 1700s to the present, and examine the varied ways in which it is used to generate economic value. From initial public offerings (IPOs) to hedge funds to American Depository Receipts (ADRs) to options and more, the authors go beyond basic stocks and bonds to highlight the development and current applications of a wide variety of financial instruments that are used to raise capital. Featuring examples, graphics, illustrations, glossary, index, and references and on-line resources, this volume offers an accessible and engaging introduction to the world of investment and corporate finance, while illuminating one of the icons of capitalism.
Taking the Stand
Authors: Konradi Amanda
Published: May 2024

Rape is one of the most under-reported crimes in the U.S., and yet it is one of the most vicious, devastating, and violent of all crimes. But getting justice for victims has not always been easy. Often the victim is criminalized, demonized, sexualized, or otherwise attacked for her own part in the rape. But over the years, laws have changed and prosecuting rapists has become more common.Taking the Standdescribes the criminal prosecution of rapists from the perspective of the women who survived their violence and explores if, when, and how the criminal justice process can work for them. Walking through the various responses rape victims have had to the criminal justice process, Konradi's vivid analysis provides new information to help raped women decide whether and how they should participate in prosecution, to help friends and family assist them, and to improve criminal justice practice for crime victims generally.

Taking the Standfollows 47 rape survivors of varied ages and ethnicities, from the terror and trauma of rape through reporting to law enforcement, police investigation and indictment, hearings for probable cause and trials, plea bargaining, and sentencing. It focuses on women's experiences throughout the process and demonstrates how every experience is different. The problems that rape survivors face in the criminal justice process are not simply the result of the adversarial nature of court, defense tactics, or their own emotional reactions to violent sexual domination. Problems emerge from: (1) the social networks in which survivors are situated, (2) their variable access to emotional and financial resources, (3) their lack of knowledge about the formal and informal practices of courtrooms, (4) their lack of structural power in the criminal justice process, and (5) standard procedures employed by prosecutors and police. By recognizing individual differences in rape survivors, and their rape experiences, criminal justice personnel can better serve victims, and by understanding the layers of criminal investigation and prosecution, survivors and their families can play a more active role on their own terms in an effort to bring about justice. A rape survivor herself, Konradi exposes in the raw language of the victims the very sensitive nature of the topic and the personal obstacles survivors face. By addressing each stage of the criminal justice process, she makes it easier for those who seek justice to make decisions and choose behaviors that will positively affect their outcomes and their personal experiences with the system.
Action Speaks Louder
Authors: Lichtenfeld Eric
Published: May 2024

For more than 30 years, the action movie has been the film genre that most represents Hollywood to the world, and represents the world to American audiences. Still, the action film has never received the critical attention it deserves. Studying its various trends and visual excesses,Action Speaks Louder: Violence, Spectacle, and the American Action Movietraces the genre's evolution and sources to reveal how it has come to assume its place of prominence in American identity and American life. With scores of in-depth case studies—including films such asDirty Harry,Death Wish,RoboCop,Die Hard,Lethal Weapon,Armageddon, andSpider-Man—author Eric Lichtenfeld draws on film analysis, production histories, critical responses, studio marketing, original filmmaker interviews, and considerations of the genre's weaponry itself.

No previous book has taken on this subject with such rigor, and few genre studies of any kind synthesize critical reaction, studio marketing and advertising, and filmmaker interviews. Moreover, the action genre has never been studied with the dedication that critics have devoted to other genres, such as the Western,film noir, and screwball and romantic comedies.Action Speaks Louderprovides a fresh perspective on the history and craft of a category of films that are among cinema's most popular, ones that certainly represent the movies' most primal form of fun.
African Market Women and Economic Power
Authors: House-Midamba Bessie , Ekechi Felix K.
Published: May 2024

An interdisciplinary study of market women from all parts of Africa shows how, from historical times to the present, African women have used the economic power they have derived from market activities and commercial enterprises to improve their social and political status in a man's world. They used their wealth in pre-colonial times to obtain titles and even chieftainship. Because of their involvement in trade, many women acquired considerable property, especially real estate. The authors stress the positive aspect of women's economic activities, but also point out the prevalent sexual division of labor in Africa as a limiting factor. They illustrate the concomitant struggle between men and women over certain market items traditionally associated with one or the other sex. They analyze the cultural, social, and economic barriers that restrict female involvement in some economic activities. Nevertheless, the overwhelming conclusion by all of the writers, who are Africans and Americans, is that women play a major role in the economic sector of all the regions of the continent.
Encyclopedia of American Indian Wars
Authors: Keenan Jerry
Published: May 2024

An insightful and valuable resource on the major conflicts between American Indian tribes and Euro-American settlers from the arrival of Columbus to the Battle of Wounded Knee.

Historians, writers, and students will welcome this extensively illustrated and well-organized volume. An important historical resource,Encyclopedia of American Indian Warscovers the major clashes between American Indian tribes and Euro-American settlers from the arrival of Columbus to the Battle of Wounded Knee, centered mainly within the geographical area that now comprises the contiguous United States. It provides essential information on major battles and military campaigns, treaties, significant sites, American Indian tribes, and notable military and political leaders, both Indian and white, presented in a handy, encyclopedic style.
American Women Writers, 1900-1945
Authors: Champion Laurie
Published: May 2024

Women writers have been traditionally excluded from literary canons and not until recently have scholars begun to rediscover or discover for the first time neglected women writers and their works. This reference includes alphabetically arranged entries on 58 American women authors who wrote between 1900 and 1945. Each entry is written by an expert contributor and discusses a particular author's biography, her major works and themes, and the critical response to her writings. The entries close with extensive primary and secondary bibliographies, and the volume concludes with a list of works for further reading.

The period surveyed by this reference is rich and diverse. Modernism and the Harlem Renaissance, two major artistic movements, occurred between 1900 and 1945, and the entries included here demonstrate the significant contributions women made to these movements. The volume as a whole strives to reflect the diversity of American culture and includes entries for African American, Native American, Mexican American, and Chinese American women. It includes well known writers such as Willa Cather and Eudora Welty, along with more neglected ones such as Anita Scott Coleman and Sui Sin Far.
Bleeding to Ease the Pain
Authors: Plante Lori G.
Published: May 2024

Parents, teachers, friends, and even many clinicians are both horrified and mystified upon discovering teenagers who intentionally cut, burn, and otherwise inflict pain upon themselves. Often causing permanent and extensive scarring, as well as infections, cutting is increasingly prevalent among today's youth. As many as 1 in 100 adolescents report cutting themselves, representing a growing epidemic of scarred and tormented youths, as we see in this revealing work. As author Plante discusses here, the threat of suicide must always be carefully evaluated, although the majority of cutters are not in fact suicidal. Instead, cutting represents a growing teenage method for easing emotional pain and suffering. Bleeding from self-inflicted wounds not only helps to numb and vent the despair, it can also be a dramatic means of communicating, controlling, and asking for help from others.

Parents, teachers, friends, and even many clinicians are both horrified and mystified upon discovering teenagers who intentionally cut, burn, and otherwise inflict pain on themselves. Often causing permanent and extensive scarring, as well as infections, cutting is increasingly prevalent among today's youth. As many as 1 in 100 adolescents report cutting themselves, representing a growing epidemic of scarred and tormented youth, as we see in this revealing work. Author Plante explains the threat of suicide must always be carefully evaluated, although the vast majority of cutters are not in fact suicidal. Instead, cutting represents a growing teenage method for easing emotional pain and suffering. Bleeding from self-inflicted wounds not only helps to numb and vent despair, it can also be a dramatic means of communicating, controlling, and asking for help from others.

In this book, Plante features the stories of self-injurers and helps the reader understand the meaning of the injuries, and how to help teens stop. This author, who is a psychologist, a parent, and a Stanford University Medical School faculty member, explains in clear detail how cutters and the adults who love them can heal the pain and stop self-injury. Plante describes the frightening developmental tasks teenagers and young adults face, and how the central challenges of the three I's (Independence, Intimacy, and Identity) compel them to cope through self-destructive acts. Readers will feel as if they are in the therapy room with Plante and these struggling teenagers as they seek to overcome their internal pain and that desperate need to cut and self-injure.
The Changing Dynamics of U.S. Defense Spending
Authors: Sigal Leon V.
Published: May 2024

A behind-the-scenes look at the environment for defense policy and budgeting—in Congress, the news media, and the defense industry—reveals that the appearance of stability is deceiving. Pressures are building for change. Defense spending has leveled off at about $265 billion a year in outlays. Current commitments to preserve the existing force while purchasing new weaponry are creating significant budget issues which must be addressed.

This book probes beneath the surface to show how the political base for defense spending is eroding. The economic benefits of defense spending and of foreign military sales are increasingly concentrated. A few well-placed members are now the main beneficiaries of add-ons to the budget. At the same time, mergers and acquisitions have left the defense industrial base largely intact, with new weapons filling every production line. Yet it will take sharp increases in the defense budget to fund these new weapons, increases that may not be politically viable. A provocative analysis by some of the leading scholars and researchers involved with defense and foreign policy issues, this will be of great interest to experts as well as general readers.
Choice of Law in International Commercial Arbitration
Authors: Chukwumerije Okezie
Published: May 2024

International commercial arbitration poses unique challenges to the choice of law. Laws relating to the arbitration agreement, arbitral procedure, and the merits of a dispute must all be applied in light of vital national interests and transnational public policy. State contracts pose additional problems. The legislative, judicial, and arbitral practices in major jurisdictions are analyzed to give the reader a view of the major trends in international commercial arbitration. Practitioners in international commercial arbitration, international lawyers interested in dispute resolution, and students of international commercial law and the conflict of laws will find this book of special interest.
Encyclopedia of Conflict Resolution
Authors: Burgess Heidi , Burgess Guy M.
Published: May 2024

In the past 20 years, conflict resolution—which includes such negotiation techniques as mediation and arbitration—has grown rapidly as a scholarly and professional field. More and more people are finding that these techniques provide an efficient and cost-effective means of settling personal, organizational, business, community, and international disputes.Encyclopedia of Conflict Resolutionis the first of its kind and presents all the concepts, techniques, information, and resources vital to this important field.

Topics covered include events, people, organizations, and training and academic programs. This is a useful reference work for students, parents, teachers, and business people, as well as mediators and other conflict resolution professionals.
Constitutional Interpretation
Authors: Shaman Jeffrey M.
Published: May 2024

This study analyzes the process of constitutional interpretation, that is, the methodology by which the Supreme Court goes about interpreting the Constitution, and offers a comprehensive view of constitutional law through the lens of history, political science, and jurisprudence. Shaman examines the practice of creating meaning for the Constitution, the dichotomy of legal formalism and realism, the levels of judicial scrutiny, the perception of reality, and the puzzle of legislative motive. While the book traces the historical development of constitutional law, its main focus is on modern jurisprudence, including analyses of the major themes of constitutional interpretation developed by the Warren, Burger, and Rehnquist Courts.

Shaman details the Warren Court's move to a more realistic jurisprudence and its development of a multi-level system of judicial review that has become increasingly more complex under the Burger and Rehnquist Courts. He critiques the Supreme Court's reversion in recent years to an old-fashioned formalistic jurisprudence and the growing tendency of the Court to look to the past rather than to future to interpret the Constitution. The book also includes discussion of recent major doctrinal developments such as constitutional theory underlying Supreme Court decisions on gender discrimination, discrimination on the basis of sexual preference, the right to die, abortion, and freedom of speech.
Culture and Customs of Cuba
Authors: Luis William
Published: May 2024

Cuba continues to loom large in U.S. consciousness and politics.Culture and Customs of Cubais a much-needed resource to give students and other readers an in-depth view of our important island neighbor. Luis, of Cuban descent, provides detailed, clear insight into Cuban culture in its historical context. Religion, customs, economy, media, performing and creative arts, and cinema are some of the many topics discussed. Included in this discussion are contributions of Cubans in exile which Luis considers an inherent part of Cuban culture.

Encouraging a wider understanding of Cuba, this volume describes and highlights the cultures and customs of the island. Cuba, as one will learn while reading this book, is an island of many cultural customs that have evolved out of a rich history. Presented in the context of three interrelated periods in Cuban history: the Colonial, the Republic, and Castro's Revolution, this book explores Cuba's dynamic culture. Luis also notes the spread of Cuban culture abroad, where a significant part of the Cuban population has lived since the earl 19th century. Students and others interested in this country will find this book to be extraordinarily helpful and informative.
Daily Life in Pre-Columbian Native America
Authors: Confer Clarissa W.
Published: May 2024

What was life like for native peoples in present-day North America before their lives were disrupted by European conquest? What was their day-to-day existence? How often did they wage war on other tribes? What did they use in religious ceremonies? Did they farm the land or hunt for food? What crops did they grow? How was it that certain civilizations died out while others created social structures that lasted thousands of years? Unocver the answers to these and other questions in this vibrant exploration of the material, social, political, religious, and economic structures of the diverse cultures of native North America. This volume presents the daily lives of Native Americans, from prehistoric migrants to the victims of European conquest, and demonstrates the ways in which they were as similar to modern peoples as they were different.

Learn how Iroquoian tribal politics operated democratically, with all key tribal elders nominated by women. Discover how the Thule tribe in the Artic hunted seal in 8-hour time stretches, in temperatures of fifty degrees below zero. Explore the lost village now known as Snaketown, in the Sonoran Desert, where a central plaza with a ballcourt was the center of village life. See how the communal ties of the Great Plains tribes supported a culture of bison hunting—on foot—to subsist for thousands of years. Supplemented by a chronology of events from 28,000 B.C. until 1470, a bibliography of print and nonprint sources, and revealing photos of tools, excavation sites, and artist renderings of scenes from daily life, this volume is a must-read for any student of American pre-history.
Daily Life in Stuart England
Authors: Forgeng Jeffrey L.
Published: May 2024

England witnessed an overall rising standard of living in the seventeenth century. Still very much an agrarian society, approximately 80% of the population lived in rural settlements, and even citydwellers were in walking distance of farmland. However, as the the century came to an end a growing proportion of the population was living in urban areas. London in particular grew from some 200,000 people in 1600 to 575,000 by 1700 and went from being the 3rd largest city in Europe to the largest. Homes were larger than previously and the wealth of a family could be determined by how many fireplaces were in the home. Clothing was another important facet of Stuart culture and not only protected the wearer against the elements but was a statement of their position in society. Clothing and homes weren't the only marker of social status, even sports and games were often divided along class lines - many in the lower classes played football while the upper-classes were consumed with billiards. Forgeng brings life in Stuart England alive for students and general readers alike. Chapters devoted to the course of life and cycles of time; the living environment; clothing and accoutrements; food and drink; and entertainments detail the day-to-day lives of those living in Stuart England; while the role of women; religion; science and technology; the military; and trade and economy are also explored.

Greenwood'sDaily Life through Historyseries looks at the everyday lives of common people. This book will illuminate the lives of those living in Stuart England and provide a basis for further research. Black and white photographs, maps and charts are interspersed throughout the text to assist readers. Reference features include a timeline of historic events, sources for further reading, glossary of terms, bibliography and index.