bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High light and temperature reduce photosynthetic efficiency through different mechanisms in the C4 model Setaria viridis
Authors: Anderson Cheyenne M. , Mattoon Erin M. , Zhang Ningning , Becker Eric , McHargue William , Yang Jiani , Patel Dhruv , Dautermann Oliver , McAdam Scott A. M. , Tarin Tonantzin , Pathak Sunita , Avenson Tom J. , Berry Jeffrey , Braud Maxwell , Niyogi Krishna K. , Wilson Margaret , Nusinow Dmitri A. , Vargas Rodrigo , Czymmek Kirk J. , Eveland Andrea L. , Zhang Ru
Published: September 2021

C4 plants frequently experience high light and high temperature conditions in the field, which reduce growth and yield. However, the mechanisms underlying these stress responses in C4 plants have been under-explored, especially the coordination between mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) cells. We investigated how the C4 model plant Setaria viridis responded to a four-hour high light or high temperature treatment at photosynthetic, transcriptomic, and ultrastructural levels. Although we observed a comparable reduction of photosynthetic efficiency in high light or high temperature treated leaves, detailed analysis of multi-level responses revealed important differences in key pathways and M/BS specificity responding to high light and high temperature. We provide a systematic analysis of high light and high temperature responses in S. viridis, reveal different acclimation strategies to these two stresses in C4 plants, discover unique light/temperature responses in C4 plants in comparison to C3 plants, and identify potential targets to improve abiotic stress tolerance in C4 crops.
Olive oil cake extract stabilizes the physiological condition of lipopolysaccharide-challenged piglets by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and modulating the ileal microbiome
Authors: Zhang Yu , Deng Zhao-Xi , He Mao-Long , Pastor Jose J. , Tedo Gemma , Liu Jian-Xin , Wang Hai-Feng
Published: September 2021

Olives are a rich source of compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Nanowire-based sensor electronics for chemical and biological applications
Authors: Zhang Guozhu , Zeng Hao , Liu Jiangyang , Nagashima Kazuki , Takahashi Tsunaki , Hosomi Takuro , Tanaka Wataru , Yanagida Takeshi
Published: September 2021

Detection and recognition of chemical and biological speciesviasensor electronics are important not only for various sensing applications but also for fundamental scientific understanding.
Genetic analysis with pyrosequencing using loop pipetting and a light dependent resistor
Authors: Iqbal Faisal , Shabbir Muhammad Imran
Published: September 2021

A DNA sequencer called LoopSeeq was developed using pyrosequencing chemistry where iterative addition of dNTPs was performed by contact dispensing through a loop pipette and detection of chemiluminescence with inexpensive light sensor LDR for point-of-care applications.
A novel electrochemical sensor for the determination of histidine based on a molecularly imprinted copolymer
Authors: Karazan Zahra Mirzaei , Roushani Mahmoud
Published: September 2021

The present study aimed to report a novel electrochemical sensor through electropolymerization of o-aminophenol and m-dihydroxy benzene as monomers on the surface of the GC electrode for the determination of histidine as a template molecule.
Aerogels as promising materials for antibacterial applications: a mini-review
Authors: Guzel Kaya Gulcihan , Aznar Elena , Deveci Huseyin , Martínez-Máñez Ramón
Published: September 2021

Aerogels with ultra-low density, high porosity, tunable sizes, and biocompatibility have been regarded as promising carriers for antibacterial applications. Different approaches can be followed to obtain such beneficial antibacterial activity.
Biomimetic controlled radical photopolymerization in a two-dimensional organized environment under visible light
Authors: Dergunov Sergey A.
Published: September 2021

The vesicle bilayer functions as a confined organized environment for the rapid photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) of methacrylates under benign aqueous conditions, where accommodation of the monomers plays an active role.
Modulation of liquid structure and controlling molecular diffusion using supramolecular constructs
Authors: Varshney Rohit , Agashe Chinmayee , Gill Arshdeep Kaur , Alam Mujeeb , Joseph Roymon , Patra Debabrata
Published: September 2021

The non-equilibrium liquid structure was achieved by interfacial jamming of pillar[5]arene carboxylic acid (P[5]AA) mediated by hydrogen bonding interactions.
Mass spectrometry guided surface modification of a tellurate ion templated 36-nucleus silver alkynyl nanocluster
Authors: Hou Lin-Lin , Li Hong-Jing , Yu Dong-Nan , Cheng Xun , Yao Zi-Xuan , Liu Kuan-Guan , Yan Xiao-Wei
Published: September 2021

Under the guidance of the ESI-MS result for [TeO6@Ag36(CCtBu)18(tfa)12] (1, tfa = trifluoroacetate), a new 36-nucleus silver-alkynyl cluster substituted by four pentafluorobenzoates, named as [TeO6@Ag36(CCtBu)18(tfa)8(F5PhCO2)4] (2), has been fabricated.
Localized surface plasmon resonance for enhanced electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhao Jian , Xue Song , Ji Rongrong , Li Bing , Li Jinghong
Published: September 2021

Incorporation of LSPR features into electrocatalysis shows unprecedented activities. This review summarizes the mechanisms, preparation and characterization strategies, as well as recent exciting progress in LSPR-mediated electrocatalysis.
Exposed (002) facets and controllable thickness of CdS nanobelts drive desirable hydrogen-adsorption free energy (ΔGH) for boosting visible-light photocatalytic performance
Authors: Yan Dejian , Xue Zhiyong , Chen Feng , Liu Xia , Yang Zhenhua , Pei Yong , Zhou Shaoxiong , Zhao Caixian
Published: September 2021

The strategies of exposed CdS (002) facets and controllable thickness lead to a desirable value for ΔGH, which can improve the CdS photocatalytic activity.
Atmospheric inputs of volcanic iron around Heard and McDonald Islands, Southern ocean
Authors: Perron Morgane M. G. , Proemse Bernadette C. , Strzelec Michal , Gault-Ringold Melanie , Bowie Andrew R.
Published: September 2021

Increased atmospheric Fe loading and solubility was attributed to emissions from Heard Island volcano (Kerguelen plateau), emphasizing the need for models to consider volcanoes as a source of aeolian Fe to remote oceanic regions.
Multi-length scale microstructural design of lithium-ion battery electrodes for improved discharge rate performance
Authors: Lu Xuekun , Zhang Xun , Tan Chun , Heenan Thomas M. M. , Lagnoni Marco , O'Regan Kieran , Daemi Sohrab , Bertei Antonio , Jones Helen G. , Hinds Gareth , Park Juyeon , Kendrick Emma , Brett Dan J. L. , Shearing Paul R.
Published: September 2021

Microstructural design strategies across multiple length scales for improved rate performance of automotive battery electrodes, assisted by physics-based microstructure-resolved model.
Technological learning for resource efficient terawatt scale photovoltaics
Authors: Goldschmidt Jan Christoph , Wagner Lukas , Pietzcker Robert , Friedrich Lorenz
Published: September 2021

Terawatt-scale photovoltaics necessary for cost-efficient climate change mitigation, is associated with massive resource consumptions. Continued technological learning enables large-scale deployment without hitting hard resource constraints.
Antioxidant activity of yeast mannans and their growth-promoting effect on Lactobacillus strains
Authors: Wang Yong , Shen Chongyu , Huo Kai , Cai Di , Zhao Guoqun
Published: September 2021

Different molecular-weight yeast mannans from S. cerevisiae were prepared and their antioxidant activity was evaluated.
Measurement of trace potassium hexachloroplatinate concentrations in carboplatin by HPLC-ICP-MS with valve switching
Authors: Bing-Ru Li , Cheng Li , Jing Liu , Zhao-ying He , Fang Zhao , Zhi-hong Ma
Published: September 2021

HPLC-ICP-MS method with a valve switching modality was developed for the determination of trace potassium hexachloroplatinate concentrations in carboplatin.
An amino acid-based supramolecular nanozyme by coordination self-assembly for cascade catalysis and enhanced chemodynamic therapy towards biomedical applications
Authors: Song Enhui , Li Yongxin , Chen Lili , Lan Xiaopeng , Hou Changshun , Liu Chunlei , Liu Chunzhao
Published: September 2021

We developed a supramolecular nanozyme through the strategy of multicomponent coordination self-assembly using a bio-derived amino acid, glucose oxidase and Fe2+ as building blocks, which exhibited great potential towards biomedical applications.
Preparation of p–p heterojunction and its photocatalytic performance by 3D NiS supported by 2D lamellar CuMn-LDO
Authors: Liu Ye , Xu Jing , Liu Zhenlu , Liu Xinyu , Xu Shengming , Hu Linying , Ma Lijun
Published: September 2021

CuMn-LDO and NiS form a p–p heterojunction, and the synergy between them provides a new hydrogen-producing active center for each.
Determination of sulfite in food and beverages using a reliable ratiometric AIE probe
Authors: Zhang Shasha , Mei Ju
Published: September 2021

The feasibility of using an “AIE + ICT” probe for a highly accurate and reliable determination of the sulfite level in food and beverages is demonstrated.
The metal doping strategy in all inorganic lead halide perovskites: synthesis, physicochemical properties, and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Gao Yue , Yan Cheng , Peng Xiaodong , Li Wen , Cao Jingjing , Wang Qungui , Zeng Xiankan , Fu Xuehai , Yang Weiqing
Published: September 2021

All inorganic perovskites CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I), rising stars of optical materials, have shown promising application prospects in optoelectronic and photovoltaic fields.
A nanomesh electrode for self-driven perovskite photodetectors with tunable asymmetric Schottky junctions
Authors: Zhang Meng , Hu Youdi , Wang Shuaiqi , Li Yaru , Wang Chunwu , Meng Ke , Chen Gang
Published: September 2021

We report a new device architecture for self-driven photodetectors with tunable asymmetric Schottky junctions based on a nanomesh electrode. It is composed of a hexagonally ordered nanoelectrode array fabricated via the nanosphere lithography technique.
Deuteration of terminal alkynes realizes simultaneous live cell Raman imaging of similar alkyne-tagged biomolecules
Authors: Egoshi Syusuke , Dodo Kosuke , Ohgane Kenji , Sodeoka Mikiko
Published: September 2021

Two-color Raman imaging of D-alkynes and H-alkynes makes it possible to distinguish and observe similar small molecules in live cells.
A highly hydrophilic cation exchange nonwoven with a further modifiable epoxy group prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization
Authors: Pan Xiao-han , Zu Jian-hua
Published: September 2021

Novel cation exchange nonwoven PP-g-SSS/GMA containing epoxy and sulfonic groups was successfully prepared via radiation-induced simultaneous grafting polymerization by attaching GMA and SSS monomers onto PP nonwoven.
Strained alkyne polymers capable of SPAAC via ring-opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Vasdev Rajeshwar , Luo Wilson , Classen Kyle , Anghel Michael , Novoa Samantha , Workentin Mark S. , Gilroy Joe B.
Published: September 2021

We present a strategy that combines the attractive traits of chain-growth polymerization and strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition chemistry for the production of functional polymers.
A microporous Ce-based MOF with the octahedron cage for highly selective adsorption towards xenon over krypton
Authors: Wu Xiaoling , Li Zi-Jian , Zhou He , Li Lin , Qian Zhenghua , Qian Nan , Chu Xinxin , Liu Wei
Published: September 2021

A high selectivity of Xe over Kr at 293 K was achieved by a 3D Ce-based organic framework due to the geometric features. Favorable thermal stability and ionizing radio-resistance render it a promising candidate for radioactive inert gases treatment.
Effect of different superfine grinding technologies on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of tartary buckwheat bran powder
Authors: Xu Qinglian , Huang Ruihan , Yang Ping , Wang Li , Xing Yage , Liu Hong , Wu Lin , Che Zhenming , Zhang Ping
Published: September 2021

The effect of shear crushing, airflow comminution, and wet grinding on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Tartary buckwheat bran (TBB) powder was compared.
Bis-indolylation of aldehydes and ketones using silica-supported FeCl3: molecular docking studies of bisindoles by targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding sites
Authors: Deb Barnali , Debnath Sudhan , Chakraborty Ankita , Majumdar Swapan
Published: September 2021

Silica supported FeCl3catalyzed simple protocol for the synthesis of bis-indolylmethanes was exploredviagrindstone chemistry. Synthesized compounds were screened virtually as inhibitor by targeting the binding site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease enzyme.
“Concentration-in-Control” self-assembly concept at the liquid–solid interface challenged
Authors: Velpula Gangamallaiah , Martin Cristina , Daelemans Brent , Hennrich Gunther , Van der Auweraer Mark , Mali Kunal S. , De Feyter Steven
Published: September 2021

Surprise! against expectations, increasing (decreasing) the solute concentration leads to the formation of a low-density (high-density) self-assembled molecular network at the liquid–solid interface.
An empirical model for solvation based on surface site interaction points
Authors: Reynolds Derek P. , Storer Maria Chiara , Hunter Christopher A.
Published: September 2021

A rule-based approach for assignment of Surface Site Interaction Points (SSIP) based on the chemical structure of a molecule provides a straightforward spreadsheet method for accurate calculation of solvation free energies.
Direct photo-induced reductive Heck cyclization of indoles for the efficient preparation of polycyclic indolinyl compounds
Authors: Yu Daohong , To Wai-Pong , Liu Yungen , Wu Liang-Liang , You Tingjie , Ling Jesse , Che Chi-Ming
Published: September 2021

Metal- and photocatalyst-free reductive Heck cyclization of indoles under light irradiation was developed and used to prepare polycyclic compounds and functionalize natural product analogues in moderate to good yields.
Coinage metal aluminyl complexes: probing regiochemistry and mechanism in the insertion and reduction of carbon dioxide
Authors: McManus Caitilín , Hicks Jamie , Cui Xianlu , Zhao Lili , Frenking Gernot , Goicoechea Jose M. , Aldridge Simon
Published: September 2021

The differential reactivity of copper, silver and gold aluminyl compounds towards CO2 and other heteroallenes are probed by experimental and quantum chemical methods.
A macroporous smart gel based on a pH-sensitive polyacrylic polymer for the development of large size artificial muscles with linear contraction
Authors: Mansard Vincent
Published: September 2021

A smart gel is vascularized with macroporosity to significantly accelerate the swelling and to use it in the development of large size artificial muscles.
Multi-responsive PNIPAM–PEGDA hydrogel composite
Authors: Wang Liqian , Liu Fengrui , Qian Jin , Wu Ziliang , Xiao Rui
Published: September 2021

PNIPAM–PEGDA hydrogels in response to temperature, solvent and magnetic fields.
Perpendicular alignment of the phase-separated boundary in adhered polymer droplets
Authors: Shinohara Eriko , Watanabe Chiho , Yanagisawa Miho
Published: September 2021

To minimize interfacial energy, the phase-separated boundaries of the partially wetting domains in the adhered polymer droplets are aligned perpendicular to the adhesive interface.
Surface reconstruction of AgPdF and AgPd nanoalloys under the formate oxidation reaction
Authors: Tang Quan , Chen Fuyi , Wang Qiao , Jin Tao , Guo Longfei , Wu Ying , Yu Shangjia , Li Zhen
Published: September 2021

The correlation between the surface reconstruction of AgPdF and AgPd nanoalloys and their catalytic activity and stability in FOR is examined. AgPdO is reconstructed to form AgPd, whilst AgPdF maintains a record retention time of up to 78 hours and a higher current density.
Fluorine-doping-assisted vacancy engineering for efficient electrocatalyst toward hydrogen production
Authors: Chen Xinhong , Wei Mengjiao , Zhou Jia
Published: September 2021

A novel F-doped Co2P nanomaterial was successfully prepared by a simple one-step electrodeposition method, showing excellent HER performance.
A CeO2 sprinkled graphitic novel packed bed anode-based single-chamber MFC for the treatment of high organic-loaded industrial effluent in upflow continuous mode
Authors: Pandey Komal , Gupta Priyanka , Verma Nishith , Singh Shiv
Published: September 2021

A CeO2 sprinkled graphitic novel packed bed anode-based single-chamber MFC and its performance in upflow continuous mode.
Ultrathin PTAA interlayer in conjunction with azulene derivatives for the fabrication of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Tzoganakis Nikolaos , Feng Boxu , Loizos Michalis , Krassas Miron , Tsikritzis Dimitris , Zhuang Xiaodong , Kymakis Emmanuel
Published: September 2021

A novel π-conjugated azulene molecule as an efficient hole-transport layer in inverted perovskite solar cells is reported.
Ligand-mediated synthesis of chemically tailored two-dimensional all-inorganic perovskite nanoplatelets under ambient conditions
Authors: Davis Andrew H. , Li Shuya , Lin Hanjie , Chu Chun , Franck John M. , Leem Gyu , Maye Mathew M. , Zheng Weiwei
Published: September 2021

An extremely facile ligand-mediated synthesis of 2D CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, or mixture thereof) nanoplatelets (NPLs) and Mn-doped NPLs was developed in an open vessel under ambient conditions, which is potentially scalable toward industrial applications.
In situ coupled electrical/mechanical investigations of graphene coated cationized cotton yarns with enhanced conductivity upon mechanical stretching
Authors: Maneval Léa , Atawa Bienvenu , Serghei Anatoli , Sintes-Zydowicz Nathalie , Beyou Emmanuel
Published: September 2021

Pre-stretching is an efficient treatment to irreversibly and permanently enhance the conductivity of graphene coated yarns.
Nature of the surface space charge layer on undoped SrTiO3(001)
Authors: Lim Hojoon , Song Chanyang , Seo Minsik , Kim Dongwoo , Jung Moonjung , Kang Habin , Kim Seunghwan , Lee Kyung-Jae , Yu Youngseok , Kim Geonhwa , Kim Ki-Jeong , Mun Bongjin Simon
Published: September 2021

Chemically stable SrO1+xsurface oxide with c(6×2) superstructure is formed, creating space charge layer and surface band bending effects on undoped SrTiO3(001), under elevated oxygen pressure and temperature conditions.
Thermo- and chemical-triggered overhand and reef knots based on liquid crystal gels
Authors: Liu Zongdai , Zeng Hao , Yang Kun-Lin , Luo Dan
Published: September 2021

A knot is a worldwide used complication and one of the most ancient technologies in human history.
Growth of a porous NiCoO2 nanowire network for transparent-to-brownish grey electrochromic smart windows with wide-band optical modulation
Authors: Lei Pengyang , Wang Jinhui , Zhang Ping , Liu Shiyou , Zhang Siyu , Gao Yuanhao , Tu Jiangping , Cai Guofa
Published: September 2021

A uniform porous NiCoO2 nanowire film was successfully grown on a transparent conductive substrate for transparent-to-brownish grey electrochromic smart windows with wide-band optical modulation.
Stress-induced activation of receptor signaling by protease-mediated cleavage
Authors: Hou Shuguo , Zhang Jie , He Ping
Published: September 2021

Plants encode a large number of proteases in activating intracellular signaling through proteolytic cleavages of various protein substrates. One type of the substrates is proligands, including peptide hormones, which are perceived by cell surface-resident receptors. The peptide hormones are usually first synthesized as propeptides, and then cleaved by specific proteases for activation. Accumulating evidence indicates that the protease-mediated cleavage of proligands can be triggered by environmental stresses and subsequently activates plant stress signaling. In this perspective, we highlight several recent publications and provide an update about stress-induced cleavage of propeptides and receptor-associated components by proteases in the activation of cell surface-resident receptor signaling in plants. We also discuss some questions and future challenges in the research of protease functions in plant stress response.
Distributed control of thermostatically controlled load aggregators in multi‐area power systems
Authors: Zeng Kaiwen , Wang Haizhu , Liu Jianing , Lin Bin , Du Bin , You Yi
Published: September 2021

In modern power systems, the high penetration of renewable energy challenges system frequency regulation and stability. In such conditions, the demand‐side loads can be aggregated and applied for power system frequency regulation. In this study, a dual‐level distributed control framework is proposed for thermostatically controlled load (TCL) aggregators in multi‐area load frequency control. In the higher control level, the leader of TCL aggregators in each control area is controlled by local and neighbouring area control errors. In the lower control level, multiple TCL aggregators are coupled via a leader‐follower consensus control protocol to track the power reference from the area leader. As a result, the dual‐level distributed controlled TCL aggregators can operate together with synchronous generators for frequency regulation in multi‐area power systems. The proposed method is validated in a three‐area power system under various cyber‐physical conditions, including contingency and normal operation conditions, as well as communication failure and delay conditions.
Hyperspectral image classification with deep 3D capsule network and Markov random field
Authors: Tan Xiong , Xue Zhixiang , Yu Xuchu , Sun Yifan , Gao Kuiliang
Published: September 2021

To address the existing problems of capsule networks in deep feature extraction and spatial‐spectral feature fusion of hyperspectral images, this paper proposes a hyperspectral image classification method that combines a deep residual 3D capsule network and Markov random field. Based on this method, the deep spatial‐spectral features of hyperspectral images are extracted using the deep residual 3D convolutional structure, the vector capsules of the features are obtained by the initial capsule layer and mapped into probability capsules via the 3D dynamic routing mechanism to construct the classification probability map, and the spatial structure of the classification results is regularised by the Markov random field to further improve the classification accuracy and performance of the images. Two sets of benchmark hyperspectral images, namely Indian Pines and Pavia University data sets, were used to conduct comparative experiments and ablation study. The experimental results showed that, compared with the conventional convolutional neural network and existing capsule network models, the proposed method not only improves the classification accuracy of the images but also partly eliminates the category noise and affords a more regular classification probability map.
Peculiarities of successional changes of xylotrophic basidiomycetes during decomposition of dominant tree species of forest formations of the Pitsunda-Myussera Reserve of the Republic of Abkhazia
Authors: Khacheva Sofia
Published: September 2021

The article is about the biodiversity of xylotrophic fungi of oak and hornbeam forests of Abkhazia and related destructive processes of the main forest-forming species (oak and hornbeam). The species composition of fungi subjected to phytopathogenic and saprotrophic methods of decomposition was determined. The species composition of mycobiota, causing wood xylolysis practically up to the last stages of decomposition, has been determined. Key words: biodiversity, xylotrophic fungi, succession, Republic of Abkhazia.
Forest ecosystems in the upper reaches of the Malka River (Central Caucasus): typology, floristic composition, current state
Authors: Shabatokov Marat , Tsepkova Nelli , Sablirova Yulia , Khanov Zalim
Published: September 2021

According to the results of the study, it found that in the upper reaches of the Malka River, the most common is the group of birch forests with tallgrass vegetation cover, includingBetuletum calamagrostioso-herbosum. Smaller areas occupied by group of complex herbaceous birch forests, represented byPineto-betuletum calamagrostioso-herbosumand a group of pine forests with herbrich vegetation cover, includingPinetum calamagrostioso-herbosum. Forest stands are mainly singlestorey, medium and low-density, bonitet classes II-IV. The floristic composition of the Malka River basin forests includes 101 species from 68 genera and 38 families. Forest ecosystems of the study area are home to four species of vascular plants included in the list of protected taxa of the KabardinoBalkarian Republic:Betula raddeanaTrautv,Vaccinium myrtillusL.,V. vitis-idaeaL.,Allium victorialisL. Among protected lichen species, we found –Leptogium burnetiaeC. W. Dodge,Letharia vulpina(L.) Hue,Lobaria pulmonaria(L.) Hoffm.),Lobarina scrobiculata(Scop.) Nyl.),Sticta sylvatica(Huds.) Ach. andUsnea florida(L.) Weber ex F. H. Wigg. The article analyzes the geographic spectrum of the forest flora of vascular plants and lichens, including 12 geographic elements, with the boreal geoelement predominating. The lichen flora dominated by boreal geoelements.
Forecast of seismic resistance of structures by the results of numerical simulation of deformation properties of soil bases
Authors: Sokolov Mikhail , Prostov Sergey , Pokatilov Andrey
Published: September 2021

The object of the research is the forecast of seismic resistance when strengthening the soil foundations of structures. The purpose of the work is to numerically estimate the total increment of seismic intensity during artificial transformation and strengthening of foundation soils based on the results of geomechanical modeling. The study is based on classical mathematical methods for modeling soil foundations in a flat nonlinear setting. A new approach to determining the total increment of seismic intensity is presented, based on determining the ratio of the values of subsidence of the foundations of buildings and structures before and after soil strengthening. The paper presents the results of predicting changes in seismic resistance for real objects, obtained from the data of engineering and geological surveys and numerical computer models. It was found that due to the transformation of soil foundations, seismic resistance can decrease by more than 0.5 points. This technique can be used both to adjust the scoring for individual objects and to clarify the boundaries of seismic zones on OCP maps.
Kuzbass adapting to the global energy transition
Authors: Fridman Yuri , Rechko Galina , Loginova Ekaterina , Pimonov Aleksandr
Published: September 2021

The world energy system has entered the so-called energy transition stage, with decarbonization and the fight against climate change as drivers for change. This event may pose many grave dangers for the Russian coal industry and commodity-rich regions of the country, whose economy is based on coal mining. The authors rely on the research into the strategic development of Kuzbass, Russia’s major coal center, and discuss whether the state should actively participate in ensuring that the region adjusts to the terms of the energy transition.
Management of environmental and economic risks of mining enterprises
Authors: Khoreshok Aleksey , Kudrevatyh Natalya , Koroleva Tatiana , Islamov Dmitriy
Published: September 2021

A methodology for assessing the environmental and economic risks of mining enterprises is proposed. The risk characteristics are determined. Proactive measures are proposed in accordance with the development strategy of Kuzbass.
Progressive failure and friction motion characteristics of contact surface of composite rock mass
Authors: Jinhai Zhao , Xinguo Zhang , Haiyang Pan , Juntao Chen
Published: September 2021

The structural planes existing in natural rock mass can control the failure process of rock mass. Based on the progressive response-stability failure process of a single fracture interface, the relationship between progressive response and material failure of composite rock mass is discussed. The method of friction contact plane analysis in PANDAS numerical analysis software is applied to explore the correlation between the movement and mechanical properties of composite rock mass under external forces. The motion index is mainly represented by the sliding speed and distance of the contact surface, while the mechanical properties are mainly explained by the normal contact force, the friction of the contact surface, the friction coefficient and the material damage. The relationship between these six variables illustrates the progressive response relationship during the movement of the composite rock mass. Based on the static and progressive characteristics of the progressive response process of deep rock mass engineering, the failure evolution law and energy dissipation law of composite rock mass loading process and the synergistic failure characteristics of composite rock mass are discussed. The scientific problems that need to be studied in the structure, deformation and failure of deep rock mass are put forward. The reference is provided for the failure law of fractured rock mass in water inrush process under the influence of mining, as well as fault plate material and the study of mechanical state of rock mass in fault fracture zone.
Recovery of valuable components from coal consumption waste
Authors: Cherkasova Tatiana , Cherkasova Elizaveta , Tikhomirova Anastasia , Golovachev Andrey , Papin Andrey
Published: September 2021

Today, more than 56% of all coal in Russia is mined in Kuzbass. As a result of its burning, about half a million ash and slag waste (ASW) is generated per year. Ash dumps with such waste are constantly dusting; mobile ions of inorganic substances are washed away by precipitation, polluting the environment. Burned coals, being natural sorbents, contain impurities of many valuable elements, including rare-earth and precious metals, while their content in ash increases several times and can reach payable concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for recovery of valuable components from ash and slag and using the remaining ash mass in construction and fertilizer industries. The efficiency of flotoextraction and chemical concentration methods for recovery of valuable components is assessed in the paper. The composition of the initial ash and slag samples and the resulting products of their processing were analyzed using infrared spectroscopic and optical emission methods.
Study of slurry dewatering in a horizontally placed shell filtering construction
Authors: Tyulenev Maxim , Markov Sergey , Kravchenko Sergey , Vöth Stefan
Published: September 2021

Dewatering of water-coal slurry or thickened product under conditions of operating SUEK-Kuzbass JSC enrichment plants is a promising direction of obtaining technogenic mineral resources. It should also be noted that the quality of the obtained product will be directly influenced by the quality of the initial raw materials. If the content of carbon particles is high and the average ash content of the solid phase is low, such a slurry will be of interest in terms of obtaining additional volumes of coal after dewatering. The object of this study is water-coal slurry obtained at the outlet of the radial thickener (thickened product). The subject of the research is technology of thickened product dewatering with the use of shell filter constructions. The aim of the work is to develop and substantiate parameters of low-cost technology of thickened product dewatering to ensure an increase in economic and environmental efficiency of mining operations. The idea of the work is to use the laws of mass transfer of suspended particles of water-coal slurry by filtering through specially made shell filter constructions (SFC).
Study of the swelling pressure of coals and coal charges in the coking process
Authors: Cherkasova Tatiana , Krasulin Nikita , Nevedrov Aleksandr , Papin Andrey , Subbotin Sergey
Published: September 2021

The maintenance of furnaces is one of the most important problems for by-product coke production. Swelling pressure is one of the least studied factors affecting the lining of coke furnace walls. The results of studies of the swelling pressure of PJSC “Koks” feedstock coal are presented in this paper. Research has been carried out to identify the dependence of the swelling pressure on the coal quality indicators, estimated during the incoming control of the central plant laboratory of PJSC “Koks”. The plastic properties of PJSC “Koks” feedstock coals were studied using Gieseler plastometer. The relationship between the swelling pressure and the maximum coal fluidity is revealed.
Study on proportioning of similar materials for overburden rock in underground gasification model experiment
Authors: Xin Lin , Han Limin , An Mingyu , Li Jian , Li Chao , Xu Min , Feng Mingze , Li Kaixuan
Published: September 2021

In order to provide an accurate theoretical basis for the underground gasification model test of coal, the similar materials ratio of underground gasification’s overburden rock was studied by orthogonal experiment according to the similarity theory. The results show: the fifth group material ratio meets the model test requirements, the mass ratio of sand, cement and gypsum is 6:1:1, and the compressive strength is 1.36MPa; the material strength is most sensitive to sand as compared to cement and gypsum; the compressive strength decreases as the aggregate–binder ratio increases. When the aggregate–binder ratio remains the same, the compressive strength decreases as the cement-gypsum ratio increases; the compressive strength-elastic modulus curve of the specimen increases linearly and conforms to the sandstone fitting curve in the coal-bearing strata; the failure mode of similar materials is mainly shear failure.
Synthesis of DHA (omega-3 fatty acid): FADS2 gene polymorphisms and regulation by PPARα
Authors: Majou Didier
Published: September 2021

In humans, in several biological systems, in particular the nervous system, the FADS2 gene transcribes Δ6-desaturase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme for converting α-linolenic acid into docosahexaenoic acid (an n-3 fatty acid). The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) modulates the transcription of FADS2 gene by interacting with a second transcription factor: the retinoid X receptor α (RXRα). These transcription factors take the form of a PPARα-RXRα heterodimer and are modulated by the ligands that modify their respective structures and enable them to bind to the peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE) located in the promoter region of the FADS2 gene. Free estradiol induces the activation of PPARα via two pathways (i) transcription through genomic action mediated by an estrogen receptor; (ii) a non-genomic effect that allows for phosphorylation and activates PPARα via the ERK1/2-MAPK pathway. Phosphorylation is an on/off switch for PPARα transcription activity. Since Δ6-desaturase expression is retro-inhibited by free intracellular DHA in a dose-dependent manner, this position paper proposes an original hypothesis: if DHA simultaneously binds to both phosphorylated PPARα and RXRα, the resulting DHA-PPARαP-RXRα-DHA heterodimer represses FADS2 gene via PPRE. The retinoic acids-RARα-RXRα-DHA heterodimer would not dissociate from corepressors and would prevent coactivators from binding to FADS2. We speculate that SNPs, which are mostly located on PPRE, modulate the binding affinities of DHA-PPARαP-RXRα-DHA heterodimer to PPRE. The DHA-PPARαP-RXRα-DHA heterodimer’s greater affinity for PPRE results in a decreased production of D6D and DHA. FADS2 promoter polymorphism would increase the competition between DHA and other ligands, in accordance with their concentrations and affinities.
Énergies bas carbone : l’empreinte matière comparée
Authors: Wales Marion , Thiollier Pierre-Louis , Concordel Adrien
Published: September 2021

La transition énergétique consiste à réduire drastiquement le recours aux énergies fossiles, grandes émettrices de CO2, en les remplaçant progressivement par des énergies dites bas carbone. Ce processus soulève depuis quelques années une question préoccupante : celle de l’empreinte matière, c’est-à-dire la consommation de matières premières nécessaires à cette transition.
Les différentes vies d’une mine d’uranium
Authors: Crampon Cécile
Published: September 2021

La « vie » d’une mine d’uranium est généralement très longue, de l’ordre de plusieurs dizaines d’années. Elle comprend les activités d’exploration, d’extraction, de traitement du minerai ainsi que son réaménagement et sa surveillance post-exploitation. Un exemple avec le groupe français Orano, qui fait partie des premiers producteurs mondiaux d’uranium.
Algorithm combining virtual chromoendoscopy features for colorectal polyp classification
Authors: Schreuder Ramon-Michel , van der Zander Qurine E.W. , Fonollà Roger , Gilissen Lennard P.L. , Stronkhorst Arnold , Klerkx Birgitt , de With Peter H.N. , Masclee Ad M. , van der Sommen Fons , Schoon Erik J.
Published: September 2021

Background and study aims Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for decreasing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps (CRPs) is an ongoing challenge in clinical colonoscopy and its accuracy among endoscopists varies widely. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for CRP characterization may help to improve this accuracy. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of a novel algorithm for polyp malignancy classification by exploiting the complementary information revealed by three specific modalities.

Methods We developed a CAD algorithm for CRP characterization based on high-definition, non-magnified white light (HDWL), Blue light imaging (BLI) and linked color imaging (LCI) still images from routine exams. All CRPs were collected prospectively and classified into benign or premalignant using histopathology as gold standard. Images and data were used to train the CAD algorithm using triplet network architecture. Our training dataset was validated using a threefold cross validation.

Results In total 609 colonoscopy images of 203 CRPs of 154 consecutive patients were collected. A total of 174 CRPs were found to be premalignant and 29 were benign. Combining the triplet network features with all three image enhancement modalities resulted in an accuracy of 90.6 %, 89.7 % sensitivity, 96.6 % specificity, a positive predictive value of 99.4 %, and a negative predictive value of 60.9 % for CRP malignancy classification. The classification time for our CAD algorithm was approximately 90 ms per image.

Conclusions Our novel approach and algorithm for CRP classification differentiates accurately between benign and premalignant polyps in non-magnified endoscopic images. This is the first algorithm combining three optical modalities (HDWL/BLI/LCI) exploiting the triplet network approach.
Changes in weight following peroral endoscopic myotomy: results from a North American center
Authors: Hew Simon , Motomura Douglas , Bechara Robert
Published: September 2021

Background and study aims Weight loss is a feature of untreated achalasia. While weight gain after achalasia treatment is expected, little data exist about the extent of it, particularly after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). We aimed to describe the changes in weight after POEM.

Patients and methods A retrospective analysis was performed of patients from March 2016 to March 2020 undergoing POEM by an experienced operator at an academic referral center in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Data examined included pre- and post-POEM body mass index (BMI), procedural characteristics, and Eckardt scores.

Results Ninety-two patients underwent POEM during the study period, for 77 of whom follow-up data were available including BMI. Prior to POEM, the median BMI was 26. Six patients (7.8 %) were considered to be underweight, 24 (31.2 %) were normal, 26 (33.8 %) were pre-obese, and 21 (27.2 %) were obese. At a median follow-up of 15 months, the clinical success rate was 95 %. Patients in the normal weight and pre-obesity categories had a significant increase in weight post-POEM. Of the underweight patients, two (33.3 %) moved up to a normal weight category and two (33.3 %) became pre-obese. In the normal BMI category, eight (37.5 %) became pre-obese and one patient (4.2 %) became obese. Ten of the 26 pre-obese patients (38.4 %) were obese post-POEM. Seven of the obese patients (33.3 %) reached Class III (morbid) obesity at follow-up. 

Conclusions Patients may experience a marked increase in BMI following POEM, with over one-third of patients becoming pre-obese, obese or morbidly obese at follow-up in our study in a North American population. Further study is required to analyze weight gain patterns post-POEM.
Co-existing inflammatory bowel disease and Barrett’s esophagus is associated with esophageal dysplasia: a propensity score-matched cohort
Authors: Fasullo Matthew , Sreenivasen Aditya , Holzwanger Erik , Lavender Charles , Patel Milan , Shah Tilak , Mutha Pritesh , Yacavone Robert F. , Sultan Keith , Trindade Arvind J. , Smallfield George
Published: September 2021

Background and study aims Barrettʼs esophagus (BE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) predispose to the development of dysplasia and cancer. It is unclear if the inflammatory cascade seen in IBD affects disease progression in BE. We aimed to determine if patients with BE who have co-existing IBD had a higher risk of dysplasia, nodular disease, or longer segments than BE patients without IBD.

Patients and methods This was a multicenter, retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study. We compared rates of dysplasia, nodular disease, and segment length in patients with BE and IBD (cases) to patients with BE who did not have IBD (controls). Controls were 1:1 propensity score matched with controls for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and hiatal hernia.

Results A total of 132 patients were included in the IBD + BE group and 132 patients in the BE group. Patients with IBD + BE had higher rates of esophageal dysplasia compared to controls (15.9 % vs. 6.1 % [adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.9, 95 % CI: 1.2–6.9]) and more nodules (9.8 % vs. 3.0 % [adjusted OR: 3.5, 95 % CI: 1.1–11.0]). IBD + BE group was also associated with longer BE segments (43.9 % vs. 12.1 % [OR: 5.7, 95 % CI: 3.0–10.6]).

Conclusions Co-existing IBD may increase the risk of dysplasia and esophageal nodules in patients with BE. Our findings may have implications for BE surveillance intervals in IBD patients. Prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Update on MicroRNA-based Treatment Strategies
Authors: Hesse Eric , Jakob Franz , Taipaleenmäki Hanna
Published: September 2021

The family of RNAs comprises several members, protein coding mRNAs and a larger
group of non-coding RNAs, which include small, approximately 21-25 nucleotides
long microRNAs (miRNAs). In addition to an evolving diagnostic use of RNAs,
RNA-based drugs are emerging very rapidly in medicine, which is not only -but
currently very prominently visible- due to the impressive success of the
first-in-class Covid-19 vaccines such as Comirnaty and Moderna (marketed by the
companies Biontech/Pfizer and Moderna, respectively). Although
administration of RNA-based drugs comes along with several technical obstacles
including delivery approaches, the technology is experiencing a breakthrough and
technical and conceptual hurdles that may still remain are very likely to be
overcome within the near future. It is therefore highly likely that RNA-based
pharmacotherapies may revolutionize medicine by improving vaccination concepts
but also by providing novel drugs to treat many other conditions like cancer,
metabolic- and degenerative diseases and beyond. It is fascinating to witness
the rise of such milestones in medicine and is tempting to elaborate which
additional accomplishments can be made using this technology towards
personalized medicine comprising diagnostic and therapeutic aspects as well as
individual drug design.

Although the most recent success with mRNA-based and therefore protein coding
vaccines currently takes center stage in media and people’s life, other
types of RNAs that are less prominent to the public, like non-coding miRNAs,
also develop very successfully towards diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
While the diagnostic use of miRNAs was reviewed in another article in this issue
(see article from Hackl et al., this issue), this brief review
will provide an update on the emerging therapeutic implications of miRNAs.
Despite the fact that no miRNA-based drug has yet reached clinical approval,
several compounds are in pre-clinical and clinical development for the treatment
of various diseases and great progress has been made during the recent years,
which also facilitated the establishment of several innovative biotech
companies.

Several obstacles associated with this novel approach including off-target
effects, tissue specificity and delivery systems exist. However, important
improvements have already been made and will continue to be made. It can
therefore be assumed that treatments using this class of RNA will also further
progress and stimulate additional stakeholders to enter the field to develop
novel drug candidates as first-in-class medicinal products to address highly
unmet clinical needs. This technology is still at its infancy given that miRNAs
were uncovered just about 20 years ago but the conditions are promising for the
development of next generation miRNA-based drugs.
Quantification of a New Antifungal Drug Based on 1,3,4-Thiadiazole by
HPLC-ESI/MS: Method Development, Validation and Pharmacokinetic
Application
Authors: Sipkina Nadezhda Yur'evna , Sipkin Denis Igorevich , Yakovlev Igor Pavlovich
Published: September 2021

The high sensitive HPLC-ESI/MS method for quantitative determination of a
new antifungal drug –
2-[(1Z)-1-(3,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3Н)-ylidene)methyl]-3,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-ium
chloride (TDZ) – was developed and fully validated. TDZ was separated
from plasma and urine samples by acetonitrile deproteinization and extraction
without time-consuming sample preparation. The reversed-phase high-performance
liquid chromatography on Kromasil 100–3.5 C8 column of TDZ in
isocratic elution mode using 0.03% trifluoroacetic acid : acetonitrile
(65:35, v/v) at a flow rate of
0.2 mL min−1 was performed. Determination
of TDZ was carried out by a positive electrospray ionization in a selected ion
monitoring mode for [M+]=489 m/z. The
method of absolute calibration was used for quantification of TDZ in two
concentrations ranges:
100–2500 pg mL−1 and
2500–30 000 pg mL−1. The
established method showed a good linearity (R=0.999 for both ranges),
the limits of determination and quantification were 50 and
100 pg mL−1, respectively. The Intra- and
Inter-day precision values were measured by t-Distribution and Fisher′s
Exact Test and were in accordance with the regulatory guidance. Low matrix
effects and good recovery were found for TDZ. The present method was
successfully applied to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of TDZ by means
of intravenous and oral administrations to rats at
5.0 mg kg−1 and
10.0 mg kg−1, respectively.
Biaryl Synthesis via Electrooxidative Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Activation
Authors: Zeng Zhongyi , Gooßen Lukas J. , Goebel Jonas F.
Published: September 2021

The use of electricity as an inexpensive and waste-free oxidant opens up new opportunities for the development of sustainable C–H functionalization reactions. Herein we summarize recent advances in the synthesis of biaryls through electrooxidative processes involving transition-metal-catalyzed ortho-directed C–H activation. A particular focus is set on electrooxidative C–H/C–M couplings and dehydrogenative couplings.

1 Introduction

2 Electrooxidative C–H/C–M Couplings

3 Electrooxidative C–H/C–H Couplings

4 Conclusion and Outlook