bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Multimedia-Based Education on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Hypertension Patients in Stroke Prevention
Authors: Manurung Santa , Suratun Suratun , Wartonah Wartonah , Ekarini Ni Luh Putu , Maryam Raden Siti
Published: January 2023

The prevalence of hypertension continues to increase, and various epidemiological studies revealed an increase in the incidence of hypertension in different parts of the world. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), The number of Americans over the age of 20 who suffer from hypertension has risen to 74.5 million, while nearly 90% of cases have no identified cause. If not treated effectively, hypertension may cause damage to blood vessels throughout the body, the most prominent of which is the danger of damage to the brain, eyes, heart, and kidneys. An introduction to stroke is essential for reducing the risk of stroke in people with hypertension. Multimedia is one of the developments in health education media, which is in accordance with the advancement of digital technology, incorporating stroke prevention. This study aims to examine the impact of multimedia-based education on hypertension patients' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward stroke prevention. This research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-posttest with a control group design. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling, and the sample size determination utilized a hypothesis test of the average difference in two independent groups of 60 respondents. Data analysis in this study administered paired t-test and independent t-test. The results unveiled that there were significant differences in knowledge (p=0.022), attitudes (p=0.001), and behavior (p=0.008) of hypertension patients in preventing stroke after intervention in the form of multimedia-based education. Therefore, it is recommended that the community can perform hypertension treatment independently frequently, and the implementation of the prolanis program can be enhanced so that people can receive services easily and regularly to prevent stroke.
The Effect of Using Endorphin Massage for Decreasing Pain at First Stage in Normal Labor
Authors: Astuti Siti Choirul Dwi , Sari Riana Trinovita
Published: January 2023

Labor pain is a subjective experience of physical sensations associated with uterine contractions, dilation, thinning cervix and fetal descent during labor. To resolve the pain of labor, it has been implemented in a nonpharmacological method which is endorphin massage, in understanding endorphin massage for pressing pain in the first stage, in an active phase of normal multiparous mothers' deliveries. This research aims to research endorphin massage's influence on suppressing pain during the active phase of normal labor of multiparous mothers. This study is quasi-experimental with a cross-sectional approach. The study population of all women giving birth administered the purposive sampling data capture techniques, and it was obtained 132 multiparous mothers with normal labor in the observation sheet. Data were examined by administering a T-test. The majority of the pain intensity in the first stage of active phase multiparous mothers with normal labor, before the breath relaxation, is severe, with up to 49% experiencing severe pain. The majority of the percentage of moderate pain in the first stage of active phase multiparous mothers with normal labor, after breath relaxation, is as high as 42%. Meanwhile, the pain intensity of the first stage in active phase multiparous mothers with normal labor, prior to endorphin massage, is as high as 73.3%. Pain intensity of the first stage in active phase multiparous mothers normal labor after endorphin massage, the majority of the percentage is moderate pain up to 53.3%. Statistical test results obtained p-value is 0.004 endorphin massage. In conclusion, there is an effect of breath relaxation on the intensity of pain during normal labor in multiparous mothers. Furthermore, researchers can do a combination of endorpine massage with other treatments to treat pain during the I active phase of labor and pain intensity checks can be done by testing cortisol levels.
Effectiveness of Purple Sweet Potato Extract and Disclosing Substance for Plaque Identification
Authors: Yenti Aflinda , Sukanti Eka , Damhuji  , Ayatullah M. Ibraar
Published: January 2023

Oral hygiene is an indicator of oral and dental health which can be assessed based on the presence or absence of organic deposits, such as pellicle, materia alba (dental deposit), food residue, calculus, and dental plaque. Plaque is the cause of tooth decay among the world's population. Plaque on the tooth surface can be used as an indicator of oral hygiene. Poor cleaning can lead to stickier plaque and tartar after calcification. The thin plaque is almost the same as the color of the teeth, so that plaque cannot be seen with the naked eye. The presence of plaque that is formed from contact with oral fluids can be detected by using certain dye. This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of Purple Sweet Potato Extract and Disclosing substance for Plaque Identification among the children in Aisyah Orphanage, Tilatang Kamang Sub-District, Agam District. This was a quasi-experimental study with a post-test-only design. The samples of this study were 30 children at Aisyah Orphanage, Tilatang Kamang Sub-District, Agam District, with the inclusion criteria of children with permanent teeth and index teeth. The samples were selected through total sampling technique. The results showed that after applying purple sweet potato extract to the children at Aisyah Orphanage in Bukittinggi City, most of them had the Patient Hygiene Performance index (PHP) in the moderate criteria (50%). Furthermore, after applying disclosing substances to the children at Aisyah Orphanage in Bukittinggi City, most of them had the PHP index in the poor criteria (56.7%). The t-test independent statistical test results obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.005), indicating a significant difference between sweet potato extract and disclosing substance. Disclosing substance was more effective than purple sweet potato extract in identifying plaque on the tooth surface. Further study is recommended to apply purple sweet potato extract with different concentrations as an alternative ingredient to identify plaque on the tooth surface.
Relations of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with microalbuminuria as a useful predictor of cardiovascular risk among type 1 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Hassan Abeer J.
Published: January 2023

Background: Inflammation and more specifically inflammatory cytokines are determinant in the development of microvascular diabetic complications, including neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy.Objective: The aim of present study is to evaluate the relationships between high sensitive C-reactive protein, microalbuminuria and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Subjects and methods: the study involved (30) patients with type 1 diabetic mellitus compared to (30) healthy control. A fasting blood sample was drawn from all subjects after an overnight fasting to measure the biochemical parameters which including glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, atherogenic index of plasma and high sensitive C-reactive protein concentration in blood of all subjects, also evaluating microalbuminuria, creatinine, urea level in urine of type 1 diabetic mellitus patients and healthy control.Results: results revealed a significant increase in the level of glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, high sensitive C-reactive protein, microalbuminuria, urea and atherogenic index of plasma. While a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein level in patients group compared with control group. Also, there were a highly significant positive correlation between high sensitive C-reactive protein and glycated hemoglobin, atherogenic index of plasma and microalbuminuria.Conclusions: the results of this study suggests that high sensitive C-reactive protein can be use with microalbuminuria as a biochemical marker to predict the early stage of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetic mellitus.
Preface to the mediastudies.press edition
Authors: Gross Larry
Published: January 2023

Nearly sixty years ago, in the summer of 1963, I embarked on an ambitious project that would comprise my senior honors thesis in psychology at Brandeis University. I had entered Brandeis as a psychology major, drawn there by the presence of Abraham Maslow, whose work I had encountered in my father’s library. As it turned out, Abe Maslow ended up being my adviser and mentor, until his untimely death at the age of 62, in 1970.

My primary interests as an undergraduate were psychology and art history, although I was also able to take advantage of the remarkable faculty then assembled at Brandeis across a wide range of fields. The psychology department, which Maslow had built and chaired for many years, was unusual for the period in not adhering to the then-dominant behaviorist school and I was exposed to theories of child development, personality, and perception, as well as the still controversial area of cognitive psychology.
ANALISA NIAT MITRA PENJUAL UNTUK MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI PENGIRIMAN MAKANAN SECARA DARING
Authors: Fahlevi Renza
Published: January 2023

The presence of new variant of the covid 19 Omicron virus will certainly leads to the public alert. In order to prevent transmission, the government recommends that people should reduce direct interactions between individuals. This condition is an opportunity for companies providing Online Food Delivery Applications (OFDA) to take benefit from increased transactions which occur during COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, research on OFDA is still focused on OFDA consumers as a research’s Objects. On the other hand, the OFDA provider companies benefit from the profit sharing provided by food and beverage sellers who sell their products at APMSD. The results of this research are believed to be able to help APMSD companies in developing effective marketing strategies in order to attract sales partners to continue using OFDA. This research uses five independent variables, namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, trust and price value. Data processing using SPSS application involving sample size of 158 respondents. This study reveals that social influence, trust and price value have a positive significant effect on intention to use OFDA. While two other independent namely Performance expectancy, Effort expectancy does not have significant influence to the dependent variable.
Tourism with Energy Production and Consumption in the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Thuy Duyen Dang Thi , Thu Huyen Giang Thi
Published: January 2023

Tourism development is always the leading development orientation in Vietnam and many countries. Has tourism developed sustainably and how can tourism develop sustainably? In the development process, tourism consumes more energy due to various tourism activities such as hotel accommodation and transportation. How does energy production affect tourism growth? This question is asked of any country and economic region. This study investigates the long-term cointegration relationship between tourism growth and primary energy consumption. This study aims to examine the factors affecting tourism growth in the Red River Delta, Vietnam such as the energy production, gasoline consumption, tourism labor, tourism investment capital and gross domestic product. The study uses a model with secondary data of 11 provinces from 2010-2020. The experimental results demonstrate that the independent variables explain 51% of the variation of the dependent variable and the rest (49%) can be explained by other causes. Research results show that 2 factors, labor (L), investment capital (IN), have a positive impact on tourism growth. Energy production (EN) has a negative impact on tourism growth in the Red River Delta. From there, the author will propose possible solutions that can ensure labor, investment capital and rational use of energy for tourism development.
É Possível Evitar a Biópsia do Linfonodo Sentinela em Pacientes com Câncer de Mama e Linfonodo Axilar Positivo com Resposta Patológica Completa à Quimioterapia Neoadjuvante?
Authors: Souza Helano de Paula Gonçalves , Medeiros Francisco das Chagas , Lima Marcos Venício Alves
Published: January 2023

Introdução: O câncer de mama representa 24,5% dos novos casos de neoplasias em mulheres no mundo. A quimioterapia neoadjuvante é uma importante ferramenta no tratamento dessa patologia, possibilita cirurgias menos agressivas na mama e axila, além de minimizar sequelas. Objetivo: Analisar a possibilidade de se evitar a realização da biópsia do linfonodo sentinela em pacientes com câncer de mama submetidas à quimioterapia neoadjuvante que apresentem resposta patológica completa no tumor primário e na axila, tratadas em uma instituição de referência no Nordeste brasileiro. Método: Estudo prospectivo, observacional, de coorte em pacientes com câncer de mama submetidas à quimioterapia neoadjuvante e operadas no Hospital Haroldo Juaçaba, no período de março de 2019 a julho de 2021. Resultados: Foram incluídas no estudo 45 pacientes, com média de idade de 52,6 anos, sendo todas do sexo feminino. Após quimioterapia neoadjuvante, nove pacientes (21,4%) apresentaram resposta patológica completa na mama e 17 (40,5%), resposta patológica completa nos linfonodos. Os pacientes com resposta completa na mama apresentaram uma prevalência de resposta completa em linfonodo 20,44 vezes superior aos pacientes que não tiveram a mesma resposta. Conclusão: A resposta patológica completa na mama à quimioterapia neoadjuvante mostra uma tendência em predizer uma resposta patológica nos linfonodos axilares, reforçando que, com essa condição, a biópsia do linfonodo sentinela poderia ser evitada sem causar prejuízos ao controle local do câncer de mama.
La Educación para la paz en la educación media básica. Un punto de vista psicosocial en educación.
Authors:   Universidad Pedagogica Nacional, Hernandez Aguilar Carla
Published: January 2023

El objetivo del presente escrito es reflexionar acerca de la educación para la paz en la educación media básica e identificar algunos aspectos que requieren problematizarse: su alcance, sus distintas concepciones y su incidencia en el espacio escolar. Para ello, se propone una mirada psicosocial que ayude a comprender el conflicto en el contexto educativo con el objetivo de resignificar la educación.
Ülkelerin Turizm Potansiyellerine Göre K-Ortalamalar Yöntemi Kullanılarak Kümelenmesi
Authors: GÜRLER Cem
Published: January 2023

Turizm sektörü, ülkeler için ekonomik olarak ciddi bir önem arz etmektedir. Koronavirüs pandemisinden sonra seyahat ve turizm sektörünün büyüklüğü yaklaşık %50 azalarak 4,671 Trilyon $’a gerilemiştir. Uçuş ve sokağa çıkma kısıtlamalarının kaldırılmasıyla birlikte, ilgili sektörün büyüklüğünün yakın zamanda tekrar pandemi öncesini yakalayacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda ülkeler, pandeminin bıraktığı hasarı azaltmak ve ekonomik büyümelerini devam ettirebilmek için seyahat ve turizm sektöründen daha fazla pay almak istemektedirler. Turizm sektöründe farklı stratejiler mevcuttur ve ülkeler daha fazla ziyaretçi çekebilmek için farklı politikalar izlemektedir. Mevcut çalışmanın amacı seyahat ve turizm sektöründe birbirine benzer ülkelerin, kümeleme analizi ile tespit edilmesidir. Bu bağlamda ilk olarak GAP istatistiği kullanılarak küme sayısı 4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Küme sayısının belirlenmesinden sonra ise k-ortalamalar yöntemi kullanılarak kümeleme analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kümeleme analizinden sonra her bir küme için ortalama endeks skoru hesaplanmış ve kümeler hesaplanan bu skora göre sıralanmış ve kıyaslanmıştır.
Yiyecek İçecek Hizmet Kalitesi ile Marka Sadakati ve Marka İmajı Arasında Müşteri Memnuniyetinin Rolü
Authors: BAYRAM Metin , BURGAZOĞLU Hüseyin , HIZAL Selman , GÜLDEN Ali
Published: January 2023

Hizmet kalitesi literatüründe; hizmet kalitesi, marka sadakati, marka imajı ve müşteri memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkileri bir arada inceleyen sınırlı ampirik çalışma bulunmaktadır. Diğer taraftan gelişen refah düzeyine bağlı olarak yiyecek hizmet sektöründe yaşanan hızlı büyüme sektörde çok yoğun bir rekabeti de beraberinde getirmiştir. Sektöre yönelik yapılan literatür araştırması bu dört yapı arasındaki ilişkide müşteri memnuniyetinin köprü rolü oynadığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada yiyecek içecek hizmet kalitesi ile marka sadakati ve marka imajı arasındaki ilişkide müşteri memnuniyetinin rolü araştırılmaktadır. Araştırma yiyecek içecek hizmeti sunan bir uluslararası franchise firmanın müşterileri üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veriler kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle anket tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bu amaçla literatürle uyumlu bir yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) kurulmuştur. Veriler Kısmi En Küçük Kareler-Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (KEKK-YEM) yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular yiyecek içecek sektöründe hizmet kalitesi ile marka sadakati ve marka imajı arasındaki ilişkide müşteri memnuniyetinin dolaylı ve anlamlı güçlü bir etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak rekabetin çok yoğun yaşandığı hizmet sektöründe varlığını ve kârlılığını devam ettirmek isteyen işletmelerin müşteri memnuniyeti üzerine odaklanmaları gerektiği görülmüştür.
Las voces que cuentan
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Astudillo Juan Carlos
Published: January 2023

Las voces que cuentan nace como un proyecto que quiso, sin más, anclar encuentros con personajes a quienes admiro o por quienes siento alguna irracional fascinación, por diversas razones. Los encuentros fueron regalos que me permitieron aprendizajes que acompañan la inefable construcción de una idea, de un rizoma de formas de ver el mundo y los reflejos que lo complejizan. Escritores, docentes, críticos de arte, historiadores, semiólogos, antropólogos, buscadores/líderes espirituales y pensadores que han marcado en sus quehaceres espacios de este valle milenario, que lo cobija todo (hipos atemporales para acompañar la vorágine). 166 páginas ISBN: 978-9942-822-46-8 e-ISBN: 978-9942-822-47-5
Estadística descriptiva e inferencial
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Proaño-Rivera Wazhingnon Bladimir
Published: January 2023

La estadística está alrededor de nosotros todo el tiempo, como sustento de un estudio de factibilidad, como herramienta para tabular datos de una encuesta, como insumo imprescindible para interpretar información que nos facilite tomar una decisión y como una gran instrumento para la toma de decisiones, por ejemplo: el INEC informa mensualmente que los precios han subido 0.15%; el BCE nos dice que en el 2006 el ecuatoriano en promedio ganó $300 mensuales; etc. Estos números (estadísticas) toman protagonismo tanto para un estudiante de economía, como para un sociólogo, un investigador, o cualquier otro profesional que pretenda interpretar los datos que se le presentan y a partir de ellos concluir un fenómeno para una población mayor, con lo cuales ya no hace falta conocer toda la información para entender qué es lo que está pasando. La estadística ayuda a la toma de decisiones que afectan la vida misma o el bienestar colectivo, a través de su gran aplicación en ciencias como la economía, la mercadotecnia, o en general en las ciencias sociales. Por la importancia que reviste esta ciencia dedicaremos en la primera sección de esta nota a estudiar los conceptos básicos que rodean a la estadística descriptiva, para luego entender la inferencia estadística. 186 páginas e- ISBN: 978-9942-822-69-7
La casa del hornero: Belleza, verdad y lección alada de arquitectura
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Jaramillo Carlos
Published: January 2023

trás quedaron las tierras fragosas de las estribaciones de la cordillera andina ecuatoriana, del paisaje del eucalipto y del indio de la serranía; y ceden al dilatado y ondulante territorio montubio, de las sicadacias y las aves multicolores. Cierto es, las estribaciones de Mindo, pertenecientes al macizo de la cordillera Occidental de la provincia serrana de Pichincha, han descendido en silencio y cadenciosamente hasta llegar a La Abundancia, un macondiano paraje situado a 380 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Más abajo, a 20 kilómetros de distancia, la perspectiva se abrirá como un gigante texto verde; es la llanura de Esmeraldas, donde fluyen y confluyen los flujos de los ríos Blanco, Silanchi y Caoní. 9 páginas e-ISBN 978-9942-822-65-9
El tiempo semejante
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Astudillo Juan Carlos
Published: January 2023

Nuestro querido Tuga se siente unimismado con el paisaje, que le ofrece los motivos para una hermosa colección de fotos, en la que con su delicado arte de fijación de imágenes- opta audazmente por el blanco y negro. Esto nos lleva a pensar que nunca habla directamente del entorno, por bello que pueda ser, si no de la resonancia que este tiene en el interior del alma humana; esos ecos milenarios que resuenan secretamente en nuestro interior, aunque no todos estemos en capacidad de percibirlos. Por eso, el tiempo es semejante a sí mismo, a la mente y la sensibilidad del hombre, del poeta, y particularmente de Astudillo, en esa sutil relación en que entran él poeta, naturalmente, y el todo: las vivencias, las percepciones del mundo y del yo, la mujer, las hijas, los seres más próximos, los más amados, aquellos en los que la enigmática tempestad de lo temporal, tan pronto pasa como se detiene eternamente. 182 páginas ISBN: 978-9942-822-48-2 e-ISBN: 978-9942-822-37-6
Machine-Learning Analysis of Single-Cell RNA-Seq Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer Caused By Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Li Eric , Kouznetsova Valentina L , Kesari Santosh , Tsigelny Igor F
Published: January 2023

Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers in the world. One of the biggest factors for this disease is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), infecting roughly half of the world’s population. However, there is a limited understanding of the H. pylori infection at single-cell level. In this study, single-cell RNA-Seq datasets from intestinal metaplasia samples were analyzed. Using bioinformatics methods, the cells were clustered and cell types were identified with cell type specific marker genes. For each cell type, H. pylori infected cells were compared with control cells using statistical analysis in order to find significant genes and pathways. Then, machine-learning (ML) approaches were used to build models to distinguish H. pylori positive and negative cells, and the severity of infection. It is found that H. pylori infection is linked to an increase in enterocytes and a decrease in pit mucous cells (PMCs). These changes may promote disease progression from gastritis to gastric cancer. Significantly differentially expressed genes and several pathways such as the MHC class II antigen presentation pathway and the PD-1 pathway were identified. The random forest-based models achieved an accuracy of higher than 97% for detecting positivity and severity. We identified the specific type of the host cells along with signaling pathways related to H. pylori infection and signaling pathways leading to gastric cancer. We demonstrated that ML methods are useful in detection of the affected by H. pylori PMC cells.
Vzdelávacia politika
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Konečný Stanislav
Published: January 2023

Monografia je syntetickou interdisciplinárnou autorskou prácou, podávajúcou pohľad na vzdelávaciu politiku zo zorného uhla všetkých relevantných vedných odborov. Nekladie si za cieľ byť koncepčným materiálom pre reformy vzdelávania, aj keď nevylučujeme možnosť, že môže byť inšpiráciou aj pre inštitúcie, zodpovedné za vzdelávaciu politiku. Monografia napriek tomuto svojmu často polemickému zameraniu (a vlastne práve vďaka nemu) je však určená širokej odbornej verejnosti, ktorá sa zaoberá vzdelávaním v rôznych súvislostiach svojho teoretického i praktického záujmu.
Chronic Kidney Disease and Endothelium
Authors: Rebić Damir , Hadžović-Džuvo Almira , Valjevac Amina
Published: January 2023

The endothelial cell layer is responsible for molecular traffic between the blood and surrounding tissue, and endothelial integrity plays a pivotal role in many aspects of vascular function. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its incidence and severity increase in direct proportion with kidney function decline. Non-traditional risk factors for CVDs, including endothelial dysfunction (ED), are highly prevalent in this population and play an important role in cardiovascular (CV) events. ED is the first step in the development of atherosclerosis and its severity has prognostic value for CV events. Several risk markers have been associated with ED. Reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide plays a central role, linking kidney disease to ED, atherosclerosis, and CV events. Inflammation, loss of residual renal function, and insulin resistance are closely related to ED in CKD. ED may be followed by structural damage and remodelling that can precipitate both bleeding and thrombotic events. The endothelium plays a main role in vascular tone and metabolic pathways. ED is the first, yet potentially reversible step in the development of atherosclerosis and its severity has prognostic value for CV events. Therefore, evaluation of ED may have major clinical diagnostic and therapeutic implications. In patients with CKD, many risk factors are strongly interrelated and play a major role in the initiation and progression of vascular complications that lead to the high mortality rate due to CVD.
The Internal Impermeant Anion, Its Mean Valence and Osmolarity-Charge Asymmetry
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston (IL), USA, Dmitriev Andrey , Linsenmeier Robert ,   Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston (IL), USA
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims: For many years experimental and theoretical studies of the processes controlling the transmembrane potential of living cells and their volume were focused on ions, first of all Na+, K+, and Cl-, that can be moved in and out of the cell by various active and passive mechanisms. But recently more and more attention has been directed toward the internal impermeant anion (Xz-) – a complex entity that is comprised of many very different molecules. The most intriguing feature of the internal impermeant anion is that its amount and, importantly, its mean valence can be changed during the metabolic activity of the cell. The aim of this paper is to computationally investigate how changes in the amount and the mean valence of the internalimpermeant anion influence the concentration of the main ions, the membrane potential, and the cell volume. Methods: The computational analyses were performed using our charge-difference model describe earlier. Results and Conclusion: The results of computational simulations confirm previous results that changes in the amount of Xz- influence nothing but the cell volume if z remains constant, although transient disturbances of concentrations and Em happen and their extent depends on the speed of Xz- changes. Changes of z have more serious consequences. A decrease of |z| leads to a decrease of concentrations of cations ([K+]i and [Na+]i), to an increase of the concentrations of anions ([Cl-]I and [Xz-]i), and to depolarization of the cell membrane; an increase of |z| leads to changes in the opposite directions. Interestingly, even in conditions when Xz- remains unchanged, the normal electrophysiological activity expressed in changes of Em will affect [Cl-]i and consequently [Xz-]i (due to volume changes), inducing feedback effects on the cation concentrations and Em. Accordingly, Xz- is viewed as an important but not the only component of a broader concept of osmolarity-charge asymmetry. The basic physical reasons that determine the interrelations between Xz- on one hand and ionic concentrations, Em, and the cell volume on the other hand are discussed.
Metagenomic analysis of viromes in honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera; Hymenoptera: Apidae) after mass disappearance in Korea
Authors: Kwon Minhyeok , Jung Chuleui , Kil Eui-Joon
Published: January 2023

After the nationwide, massive winter losses of honey bees in Korea during the winter of 2021, samplings were conducted from live honey bees in colonies and dead honey bees nearby colonies in the same bee-farms in six regions in Korea. Each sample was subjected to virome analysis using high-throughput sequencing technology. The number of viral reads was the lowest in the live honey bee group sample with 370,503 reads and the highest in the dead honey bee group sample with 42,659,622 reads. Viral contigs were matched with the viral genomes of the black queen cell virus, deformed wing virus, Israeli acute paralysis virus, and sacbrood virus, all of which have been previously reported in Korea. However, Apis rhabdovirus 5, bee macula-like virus, Varroa orthomyxovirus-1, Hubei partiti-like virus 34, Lake Sinai virus 2, 3, and 4, and the Ditton virus, were also discovered in this study, which are the first records in Korea. Plant viral sequences resembling those of Arabidopsis latent virus 1, and a novel viral sequence was also discovered. In the present study 55 complete viral genome sequences were identified. This study is the first virome analysis of domestic honey bees and provides the latest information on the diversity of honey bee viruses in Korea.
A qualitative inquiry in understanding trusted media sources to reduce vaccine hesitancy among Kenyans
Authors: Fesshaye Berhaun , Lee Clarice , Paul Alicia M. , Zavala Eleonor , Singh Prachi , Karron Ruth A. , Limaye Rupali J.
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Kenya has been challenged by both the supply of and demand for vaccines. With a third of the adult population classifying as vaccine hesitant, reaching vaccination targets requires an understanding of how people make decisions regarding vaccines. Globally, pregnant and lactating women have especially low uptake rates, which could be attributed to the “infodemic,” or constant rush of new information, as this group is vulnerable to misinformation and uncertainty. While presentation of COVID-19 vaccines in the media allows for easy access, these sources are also susceptible to misinformation. Negative and unfounded claims surrounding SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines contribute to vaccine hesitancy. Given the influence that the media may have on people's attitudes toward vaccines, this study examines the relationship between the media and the vaccine decision-making process among pregnant and lactating women, healthcare workers, community members (male relatives, male neighbors, and gatekeepers), and policymakers in Kenya. Data were collected through in-depth interviews in urban and rural counties in Kenya to understand how media information was utilized and consumed. While healthcare workers were the most frequently cited information source for pregnant and lactating women, other healthcare workers, and community members, findings also show that the media (traditional, social, and Internet) is an important source for obtaining COVID-19 information for these groups. Policymakers obtained their information most frequently from traditional media. Ensuring that information circulating throughout these media channels is accurate and accessible is vital to reduce vaccine hesitancy and ultimately, meet COVID-19 vaccination goals in Kenya.
The Cell-Penetrating Peptide Tat Facilitates Effective Internalization of PSD-95 Inhibitors Into Blood–Brain Barrier Endothelial Cells but less Efficient Permeation Across the Blood–Brain Barrier In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Al Humaidan Emma Lisa , Pedersen Sidse Lund , Burkhart Annette , Rasmussen Charlotte Laurfelt Munch , Moos Torben , Fuchs Peter , Fernandes Eduardo Filipe Alves , Ozgür Burak , Strømgaard Kristian , Bach Anders , Brodin Birger , Kristensen Mie
Published: January 2023

Inhibition of the interaction between the scaffolding protein PSD-95 and the NMDA receptor has been shown to obstruct ischemic stroke-triggered excitotoxic reactions, leading to neuronal death. The peptides NR2B9c and N-dimer are inhibitors of this interaction. Delivery of the peptides to the brain is challenging due to the general low blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. NR2B9c and N-dimer have therefore been conjugated to the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) Tat, to facilitate blood–brain barrier permeation. However, the BBB permeation of Tat-NR2B9c and Tat-N-dimer has not been fully elucidated. We recently demonstrated that the BBB permeation in vitro and in vivo was lowered upon conjugation of NR2B9c or N-dimer to Tat. In the present study, we aimed to further understand the impact of cargo conjugation to Tat with respect to interaction with and permeation across the BBB in vitro and in vivo. The peptides were labeled with the fluorophore TAMRA (T) and demonstrated efficient Tat-mediated uptake into BBB endothelial cells but differed in their degree of plasma membrane interaction and embedding (T-Tat-NR2B9c = T-Tat > T-Tat-N-dimer) as well as in their chemical stability (T-Tat-N-dimer = T-Tat > T-Tat-NR2B9c). The Tat conjugates all displayed a similar degree of self-association and/or plasma protein adsorption. T-Tat-NR2B9c and T-Tat affected the BBB integrity but not the permeation of the paracellular marker C14-mannitol. T-Tat-NR2B9c and T-Tat-N-dimer displayed less efficient permeation across an in vitro model representing the healthy BBB, when compared to T-Tat, and low BBB permeation in healthy rats.
Overcoming Blood-Brain Barrier Resistance: Implications for Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Drug Brain Delivery
Authors: Dardet Jean Paul , Serrano Nelson , András Ibolya Edit , Toborek Michal
Published: January 2023

Drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) has several challenges, especially toward targeting neurological diseases, due to tight and selective barrier function of the BBB. Several structural and functional components of this barrier contribute to restricting drug entry, such as interendothelial tight junctions (TJs), efflux transporters, drug-metabolizing enzymes, and crosstalk between the cells of the neurovascular unit. Among different strategies to overcome BBB resistance to therapeutic drug delivery, the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) gained attention in recent years. This review discusses the BBB structural and functional resistance, as well as potential avenues to overcome this challenge using EVs as drug delivery vehicles into the brain.
Insight into the critical morphological characteristics of earthquake-induced sequential rock avalanches in weathered-fractured rock cliffs
Authors: Guo Shuangfeng , Liu Yajing , Zhang Peng , Zhu Rui , Qian Youkai
Published: January 2023

Rock avalanches are a significant threat to transportation or hydraulic infrastructure, as they can also cause catastrophic secondary destruction in large practical engineering or to nearby residents. Earthquake-induced rock avalanches have been the most common and prominent natural hazard phenomena among geological hazards in recent years. Earthquake-induced rock avalanche events usually begin when a massive rock mass or multiple rock masses separate from a rock slope, progressively fragmenting and transforming into fast-moving, cohesionless rock falls. Earthquake-induced sequential collapse often occurs on weathered and fractured rock cliffs in horizontal strata, and its kinematic dynamics and destabilization mechanism are significantly different from those of isolated collapse due to weathering. In this study, the failure characteristics of the initiation and movement process of the avalanche are revealed in detail, through physical model experiments and analytical solutions, thereby obtaining an earthquake-controlled mechanical model equation. Our methods use the inflection points of the displacement time curve at the top of the rock wall and the digital images acquired by the shaking test bench to quantify the critical damage time point and to characterize the critical morphology of continuous collapse. A mathematical model of analytical solution is proposed, which aims to address the kinematic mechanics mechanism of sequential collapse under translational and rotational motion models. The comparative analysis results of the experiment and analytical solutions reveal that the transformed motion pattern is controlled by the ratio between the model stacking height, the rock block size, and the seismic acceleration. Whereas the rotational motion pattern is mainly influenced by the nodal dip angle, model stacking height, and seismic acceleration. The results of the study are of great scientific importance to elucidate the destruction mechanism of the earthquake-induced sequential collapse of rock avalanches and to determine the evolution characteristic of subsequent rockfalls motion of dangerous rocks. The proposed framework for the analysis of rock avalanches can be applied to understand the critical topographic features and mechanical mechanism behavior of analogous geological hazards.
Is the optical conductivity of heavy fermion strange metals Planckian?
Authors: Li Xinwei , Kono Junichiro , Si Qimiao , Paschen Silke
Published: January 2023

Strange metal behavior appears across a variety of condensed matter settings and beyond, and achieving a universal understanding is an exciting prospect. The beyond-Landau quantum criticality of Kondo destruction has had considerable success in describing the behavior of strange metal heavy fermion compounds, and there is some evidence that the associated partial localization-delocalization nature can be generalized to diverse materials classes. Other potential overarching principles at play are also being explored. An intriguing proposal is that Planckian scattering, with a rate of kBT/ℏ, leads to the linear temperature dependence of the (dc) electrical resistivity, which is a hallmark of strange metal behavior. Here we extend a previously introduced analysis scheme based on the Drude description of the dc resistivity to optical conductivity data. When they are well described by a simple (ac) Drude model, the scattering rate can be directly extracted. This avoids the need to determine the ratio of charge carrier concentration to effective mass, which has complicated previous analyses based on the dc resistivity. However, we point out that strange metals typically exhibit strong deviations from Drude behavior, as exemplified by the “extreme” strange metal YbRh2Si2. This calls for alternative approaches, and we point to the power of strange metal dynamical (energy-over-temperature) scaling analyses for the inelastic part of the optical conductivity. If such scaling extends to the low-frequency limit, a strange metal relaxation rate can be estimated, and may ultimately be used to test whether strange metals relax in a Planckian manner.
Cisplatin causes erectile dysfunction by decreasing endothelial and smooth muscle content and inducing cavernosal nerve senescence in rats
Authors: Yin Yinghao , Zhou Yihong , Zhou Jun , Zhao Liangyu , Hu Hongji , Xiao Ming , Niu Bin , Peng Jingxuan , Dai Yingbo , Tang Yuxin
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Cisplatin (cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP), a drug widely used for cancer worldwide, may affect erectile function, but its side effects have not received enough attention. To investigate the effect of CDDP on erectile function and its possible mechanism.

Methods

Sprague−Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered CDDP (CDDP group) or the same volume of normal saline (control group). Erectile function was evaluated after a one-week washout. Then, histologic changes in the corpus cavernosum and cavernous nerve (CN) were measured. Other Sprague-Dawley rats were used to isolate the major pelvic ganglion and cavernous nerve (MPG/CN). RSC96 cells were then treated with CDDP. SA-β-gal staining was used to identify senescent cells, and qPCR was used to detect the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Finally, the supernatant of RSC96 cells was used to culture MPG/CN. Erectile function was measured after administration of CDDP. The cavernosum levels of α-SMA, CD31, eNOS, and γ-H2AX, the apoptosis rate and the expression of p16, p21 and p53 in CN were also assayed. The senescent phenotype of RSC96 cells treated with CDDP was identified, and neurite growth from the MPG/CN was photographed and measured.

Results

The CDDP group had a significantly lower ICP/MAP ratio than the control group. Compared to the control group, the CDDP group exhibited significantly lower α-SMA, CD31 and eNOS levels and significantly higher γ-H2AX and apoptosis rates in corpus cavernosum. In addition, CDDP increased some senescence markers p16, p21 and p53 in CN. In vitro, CDDP induced RSC96 senescence and SASP, and the supernatant of senescent cells slowed neurite outgrowth of MPG/CN.

Discussions

CDDP treatment could induce erectile dysfunction, by affecting the content of endothelial and smooth muscle and causing SASP in CN. The results indicate that CDDP treatment should be considered as a risk factor for ED. Clinicians should pay more attention to the erectile function of cancer patients who receive CDDP treatment.
Nanomaterials for diabetic wound healing: Visualization and bibliometric analysis from 2011 to 2021
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liu Hongyan , Che Tingting , Zheng Yin , Nan Xixi , Wu Zhongming
Published: January 2023

Background

Nanomaterials have recently been shown to have a considerable advantage in promoting wound healing in diabetic patients or animal models. However, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted to evaluate global scientific production. Herein, this study aimed to summarize the current characteristics, explore research trends, and clarify the direction of nanomaterials and diabetic wound healing in the future.

Methods

Relevant publications from 2011 to 2021 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection on October 3, 2022. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, bibliometrix-R package, Origin 2021, and Microsoft Excel 2019 were used for bibliometric and visualization analyses.

Results

We identified 409 publications relating to nanomaterials and diabetic wound healing. The number of annual productions remarkably increased from 2011 to 2021, with China and Shanghai Jiao Tong University being the most productive. The most prolific authors were Hasan Anwarul. The leading journal was the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, with 22 publications. The most popular keywords were “nanoparticles,” “delivery,” “in vitro,” “electrospinning,” “angiogenesis,” and “antibacterial.” Keyword burst analysis showed “cerium oxide,” “matrix metalloproteinase 9,” “composite nanofiber,” “hif 1 alpha,” and “oxide nanoparticle” were emerging research hotspots.

Conclusion

We found there has been a great progress in the application of nanomaterials in diabetic wound healing from 2011 to 2021. Although many researchers and institutions from different countries or regions contributed contributed to publications, it will be helpful or the development of this field if the degree of international cooperation can be enhanced. In the future, nanomaterials with powerful antioxidant and antibacterial qualities and promoting angiogenesis are the research hotspots.
Design of single neuron super-twisting sliding mode controller for permanent magnet synchronous servo motor
Authors: Yuan Lei , Chen Hu , Wang Pan , Liu Yi , Xu Anfei
Published: January 2023

Aiming at the control system of permanent magnet synchronous servo motor which is easily affected by external disturbance and parameter uncertainty, a single neuron sliding mode combining single neuron adaptive algorithm and super-twisting sliding mode (STSM) control is proposed. The STSM control is used to overcome the chattering problem in the traditional sliding mode control, and the proportional control and the STSM control are combined to enhance the robustness of the control system. In order to improve the dynamic performance of the system and enhance the anti-disturbance ability of the system, the single neuron adaptive control adopted can adjust the relevant parameters of the designed sliding mode controller online. The simulation and experimental results show that the designed improved sliding mode controller can effectively suppress the chattering of the control system, realize the fast following and no overshoot of the control system, and enhance the robustness of the system.
A novel Vision Zero leadership training model to support collaboration and strategic action planning
Authors: Naumann Rebecca B. , LaJeunesse Seth , Keefe Elyse , Heiny Stephen , Hassmiller Lich Kristen , Jones Ki’yonna , Evenson Kelly R.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: While collaboration and cooperation are regarded as foundational to Vision Zero (VZ) and Safe Systems initiatives, there is little guidance on structuring VZ collaboration, conducting collaborative goal setting, and aligning tangible action across organizations. As part of a larger VZ mutual learning model, we developed a VZ Leadership Team Institute to support communities in collaborative VZ strategic planning and goal setting. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and evaluation of the Institute, which can serve as a foundation for other initiatives seeking to move VZ planning and implementation forward in a collaborative, systems-aware manner.

Methods: In June 2021, eight multi-disciplinary teams of 3–6 persons each (n = 42 participants) attended the Institute, representing leaders from communities of various sizes. Surveys were administered pre, immediately post, and 6 months following the Institute. We measured confidence in a range of skills (on a 5-point scale, 1: not confident to 5: very confident). Surveys also measured coalition collaboration pre-Institute and 6 months post-Institute (on a 4-point scale, 1: strongly disagree to 4: strongly agree).

Results: The largest increases in confidence from pre- to immediately post-Institute were for collaboratively drafting objectives and actions for VZ goals (pre-mean: 2.6, SD: 0.9 to post-mean: 3.8, SD: 0.9); incorporating equity into goals (pre-mean: 2.8, SD: 1.0 to post-mean: 3.9, SD: 0.8); and knowing how to keep VZ planning and implementation efforts on track (pre-mean: 2.6, SD: 1.0 to post-mean: 3.7, SD: 0.7). For all measures, average confidence in skills decreased from immediately post-Institute to 6 months post-Institute, but remained greater than average scores pre-Institute. Several measures of coalition collaboration maintained high agreement across time, and mean agreement increased for reporting that the future direction of the coalition was clearly communicated to everyone (pre-mean: .6, SD: 0.8; 6 months post-mean: 3.1, SD: 0.4). However, average scores decreased for feeling like the coalition had adequate staffing (pre-mean: 3.0, SD: 0.6; 6 months post-mean: 2.3, SD: 0.5).

Discussion: The Institute utilized innovative content, tools, and examples to support VZ coalitions’ collaborative and systems-aware planning and implementation processes. As communities work toward zero transportation deaths and serious injuries, providing effective support models to aid multidisciplinary planning and action around a Safe Systems approach will be important to accelerate progress toward a safer transportation system.