bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heavy metals in water and sediment of Cikijing River, Rancaekek District, West Java: Contamination distribution and ecological risk assessment
Authors: Marselina Mariana , Wijaya M.
Published: April 2024

The Cikijing River is one of the rivers of the Citarik River Basin, which empties into the Citarum River and crosses Bandung Regency and Sumedang Regency, Indonesia. One of the uses of the Cikijing River is as a source of irrigation for rice fields in the Rancaekek area, but the current condition of the water quality of the Cikijing river has decreased, mainly due to the disposal of wastewater from the Rancaekek industrial area which is dominated by industry in the textile and textile products sector. This study aims to determine the potential ecological risks and water quality of the Cikijing River based on the content of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn). Sampling was carried out twice, during the dry and rainy seasons at ten different locations. The selection of locations took into account the ease of sampling and distribution of land use. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the water quality of the Cikijing River was classified as good based on the content of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) with a Pollution Index 0.272 (rainy season) and 0.196 (dry season), while for the sediment compartment of the Cikijing River, according to the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) were categorized as unpolluted for heavy metals in rainy and dry seasons Cr (-3.16 and -6.97) < Cu (-0.59 and -1.05), and Pb (-1.68 and -1.91), heavily to very heavily polluted for heavy metals Zn (4.7 and 4.1) . The pollution load index (PLI) shows that the Cikijing River is classified as polluted by several heavy metals with the largest pollution being Zn> Cu > Pb > Cr. Furthermore, the results of the analysis using the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) concluded that the Cikijing River has a mild ecological risk potential in rainy season (93.94) and dry season (96.49). The correlation test results concluded that there was a strong and significant relationship between the concentrations of heavy metals Pb and Zn and total dissolved solids, salinity, and electrical conductivity in the water compartment.
Intra-horn insemination in the alpaca Vicugna pacos: Copulatory wounding and deep sperm deposition
Authors: Brennan Patricia L. R. , Purdy Stephen , Bacon Sarah J.
Published: April 2024

Alpacas (Vicugna pacos) are reported to be the rare mammal in which the penis enters the uterus in mating. To date, however, only circumstantial evidence supports this assertion. Using female alpacas culled for meat, we determined that the alpaca penis penetrates to the very tips of the uterine horns, abrading the tract and breaking fine blood vessels. All female alpacas sacrificed one hour or 24 hours after mating showed conspicuous bleeding in the epithelium of some region of their reproductive tract, including the hymen, cervix and the tips of each uterine horn, but typically not in the vagina. Unmated females showed no evidence of conspicuous bleeding. Histological examination of mated females revealed widespread abrasion of the cervical and endometrial epithelium, injuries absent in unmated females. Within one hour of mating, sperm were already present in the oviduct. The male alpaca’s cartilaginous penis tip with a hardened urethral process is likely responsible for the copulatory abrasion. The entire female reproductive tract interacts with the penis, functioning like a vagina. Alpacas are induced ovulators, and wounding may hasten delivery of the seminal ovulation-inducing factor beta-NGF into the female’s blood stream. There is no evidence of sexual conflict in copulation in alpaca, and thus wounding may also be one of a variety of mechanisms devised by mammals to induce a beneficial, short-term inflammatory response that stimulates blastocyst implantation, the uterine remodeling associated with placental development, and thus the success of early pregnancy.
Components related to ethical decision making in medical science students: A structural equation model
Authors: Parvari Soraya , Farajidana Hoorvash , Mahmoodi Zohreh , Mohamadi Farima , Kabir Kourosh , Boostanchi Mehrad , Mohammadian Khonsari Nami
Published: April 2024

Background

Evaluating moral principles in the Society of Medical Sciences and health care workers (HCWs) is imperative due to their direct contact with the community and the significant impact of their attitudes and decisions on people’s lives. This study aimed to determine the components related to ethical decisions in medical sciences students.

Methods

One thousand two hundred thirty-five eligible students in the Alborz University of Medical Sciences participated in this descriptive study. We gathered their socio-demographic information, assessed their moral reasoning, and used the ethical decisions questionnaire, Lutsen moral sensitivity questionnaire, and general health questionnaire (GHQ) for data gathering. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 25 and LISREL version 8.8.

Results

According to the path analysis test findings, ethical reasoning significantly correlated with ethical decision-making (B = 0.40). The number of clinical courses passed, moral sensation (moral sensitivity), and the total number of passed academic semesters had the greatest positive and negative association with ethical decision-making, respectively. (B = 0.54), (B = 0.524) and (B = -0.11).

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the moral reasoning test, the moral sensation was associated with ethical decision-making, which indicates the necessity of attending to ethical aspects, promoting moral reasoning, sensitivity, and students’ accuracy.
Literacy overrides effects of animacy: A picture-naming study with pre-literate German children and adult speakers of German and Arabic
Authors: Dolscheid Sarah , Schlenter Judith , Penke Martina
Published: April 2024

Animacy plays a key role for human cognition, which is also reflected in the way humans process language. However, while experiments on sentence processing show reliable effects of animacy on word order and grammatical function assignment, effects of animacy on conjoined noun phrases (e.g., fish and shoe vs. shoe and fish) have yielded inconsistent results. In the present study, we tested the possibility that effects of animacy are outranked by reading and writing habits. We examined adult speakers of German (left-to-right script) and speakers of Arabic (right-to-left script), as well as German preschool children who do not yet know how to read and write. Participants were tested in a picture naming task that presented an animate and an inanimate entity next to one another. On half of the trials, the animate entity was located on the left and, on the other half, it was located on the right side of the screen. We found that adult German and Arabic speakers differed in their order of naming. Whereas German speakers were much more likely to mention the animate entity first when it was presented on the left than on the right, a reverse tendency was observed for speakers of Arabic. Thus, in literate adults, the ordering of conjoined noun phrases was influenced by reading and writing habits rather than by the animacy status of an entity. By contrast, pre-literate children preferred to start their utterances with the animate entity regardless of position, suggesting that effects of animacy in adults have been overwritten by effects of literacy.
Evaluation of the mechanism of Gong Ying San activity on dairy cows mastitis by network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis
Authors: Gao Shuang , Tang Liyun , Ma Jiayi , Wang Kaiming , Yao Hua , Tong Jinjin , Zhang Hua
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The goal of this investigation was to identify the main compounds and the pharmacological mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine formulation, Gong Ying San (GYS), by infrared spectral absorption characteristics, metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular-docking analysis for mastitis. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities were determined in vitro.

Methods

The chemical constituents of GYS were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography Q-extractive mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS). Related compounds were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP, http://tcmspw.com/tcmsp.php) and the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM, http://www.tcmip.cn/ETCM/index.php/Home/) databases; genes associated with mastitis were identified in DisGENT. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated using STRING. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment screening was conducted using the R module. Molecular-docking analyses were performed with the AutoDockTools V1.5.6.

Results

Fifty-four possible compounds in GYS with forty likely targets were found. The compound-target-network analysis showed that five of the ingredients, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, and stigmasterol, had degree values >41.6, and the genes TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, ICAM1, CXCL8, CRP, IFNG, TP53, IL-2, and TGFB1 were core targets in the network. Enrichment analysis revealed that pathways associated with cancer, lipids, atherosclerosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways may be critical in the pharmacology network. Molecular-docking data supported the hypothesis that quercetin and luteolin interacted well with TNF-α and IL-6.

Conclusions

An integrative investigation based on a bioinformatics-network topology provided new insights into the synergistic, multicomponent mechanisms of GYS’s anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. It revealed novel possibilities for developing new combination medications for reducing mastitis and its complications.
Psychometric evaluation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire in Polish mothers
Authors: Kamza Anna , Luyten Patrick , Piotrowski Konrad
Published: April 2024

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) refers to a parent’s capacity to reflect on and understand the inner mental states of their child, their own mental states with regard to their child, and how these mental states may influence their behavior and interactions. This capacity has been shown to foster secure attachment in children and their socio-emotional development. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Polish translation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ), a brief screening measure of PRF, in a large community sample of Polish mothers of children aged 0–5 years (N = 979). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized three-factor structure of the PRFQ, which consists of three subscales: prementalizing modes, certainty about mental states, and interest and curiosity in mental states. However, item loadings suggested that the 15-item version fitted the data better than the original 18-item version. These three PRFQ subscales exhibited satisfactory and moderate six-month test–retest reliability. They also correlated in theoretically expected ways with several criterion measures such as maternal attachment, maternal parenting stress, parental role restriction, depression severity, and borderline symptoms. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the PRFQ as a measure of parental reflective functioning in Polish mothers.
Validation of SCORE2 on a sample from the Russian population and adaptation for the very high cardiovascular disease risk region
Authors: Svinin Gleb E. , Kutsenko Vladimir A. , Shalnova Svetlana A. , Yarovaya Elena B. , Imaeva Asiia E. , Balanova Yulia A. , Kapustina Anna V. , Muromtseva Galina A. , Drapkina Oxana M.
Published: April 2024

SCORE2 (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation 2) is a risk assessment scale for cardiovascular events, presented in 2021 by the European Society of Cardiology. Both for training and validation of the SCORE2 model, representative samples from the Russian population were not used. Therefore, we aimed to validate SCORE2 on a such sample. For this purpose, we used a sample from the ESSE-RF epidemiological study consisting of 7251 participants aged 40–69 years without history of CVDs. We performed the validation by comparing SCORE2 risk estimates for ESSE-RF participants with the observed incidence of cardiovascular events in the study, adjusted for event information losses. The validation demonstrated that SCORE2 risk estimates were accurate for Russian men and inaccurate for Russian women. Together with the quantitative assessment of risk, SCORE2 offers its interpretation in terms of 10-year CVD risk group: low-moderate, high, and very high. For Russian men we considered the original interpretation of the SCORE2 estimates to be questionable because almost none of the men would be categorized as having “low-to-moderate” 10-year CVD risk. This problem would be typical for all countries of the very high CVD risk region. Therefore, we proposed a new interpretation of the SCORE2 risk estimates for men from the very high risk region. According to the proposed interpretation, the fraction of men in ESSE-RF in “low-to-moderate” 10-year CVD risk increased from 2% to 18% and the fraction of men in “very high” CVD risk decreased from 63% to 20% as compared to the original interpretation. The proposed interpretation would allow a more personalized approach to CVD treatment and optimize the burden on primary healthcare in the very high risk region countries.
Production networks and resilience: How dense production networks shield economies in financial crisis
Authors: Caraiani Petre , Dima Alina Mihaela , Păun Cristian , Stamule Tănase , Vargas Madalina Vanesa
Published: April 2024

The research delves into the underexplored area of how production network structures influence the severity of economic downturns, particularly during the last financial crisis. Utilizing the RSTAN database from the OECD, we meticulously derived critical measures from the input-output matrices for 61 economies. Our methodology entailed a panel analysis spanning from 2008 to 2010, which is a period marked by significant recessionary pressures. This analysis aimed to correlate economic performance with various production network metrics, taking into account control factors such as interest rates and the prevalence of service sectors. The findings reveal a noteworthy positive correlation between the density of production networks and economic resilience during the crisis, which remained consistent across multiple model specifications. Conversely, as anticipated, higher interest rates were linked to poorer economic performance, highlighting the critical interplay between monetary policy and economic outcomes during periods of financial instability. Given these insights, we propose a policy recommendation emphasizing the strategic enhancement of production network density as a potential buffer against economic downturns. This approach suggests that policymakers should consider the structural aspects of production networks in designing economic stability and growth strategies, thus potentially mitigating the impacts of future financial crises.
An orchestra of machine learning methods reveals landmarks in single-cell data exemplified with aging fibroblasts
Authors: Rasbach Lauritz , Caliskan Aylin , Saderi Fatemeh , Dandekar Thomas , Breitenbach Tim
Published: April 2024

In this work, a Python framework for characteristic feature extraction is developed and applied to gene expression data of human fibroblasts. Unlabeled feature selection objectively determines groups and minimal gene sets separating groups. ML explainability methods transform the features correlating with phenotypic differences into causal reasoning, supported by further pipeline and visualization tools, allowing user knowledge to boost causal reasoning. The purpose of the framework is to identify characteristic features that are causally related to phenotypic differences of single cells. The pipeline consists of several data science methods enriched with purposeful visualization of the intermediate results in order to check them systematically and infuse the domain knowledge about the investigated process. A specific focus is to extract a small but meaningful set of genes to facilitate causal reasoning for the phenotypic differences. One application could be drug target identification. For this purpose, the framework follows different steps: feature reduction (PFA), low dimensional embedding (UMAP), clustering ((H)DBSCAN), feature correlation (chi-square, mutual information), ML validation and explainability (SHAP, tree explainer). The pipeline is validated by identifying and correctly separating signature genes associated with aging in fibroblasts from single-cell gene expression measurements: PLK3, polo-like protein kinase 3; CCDC88A, Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 88A; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3; ZNF7, Zinc Finger Protein 7; SLC24A2, solute carrier family 24 member 2 and lncRNA RP11-372K14.2. The code for the preprocessing step can be found in the GitHub repositoryhttps://github.com/AC-PHD/NoLabelPFA, along with the characteristic feature extractionhttps://github.com/LauritzR/characteristic-feature-extraction.
Can predictive factors determine the time to treatment initiation for oral and oropharyngeal cancer? A classification and regression tree analysis
Authors: Montagnoli Débora Rosana Alves Braga Silva , Leite Vitória Ferreira , Godoy Yasmim Silva , Lafetá Vitória Marçolla , Junior Edmilson Antônio Pereira , Chaurasia Akhilanand , Aguiar Maria Cássia Ferreira , Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães , Martins Renata Castro
Published: April 2024

This ecological study aimed to identify the factors with the greatest power to discriminate the proportion of oral and oropharyngeal cancer (OOC) records with time to treatment initiation (TTI) within 30 days of diagnosis in Brazilian municipalities. A descriptive analysis was performed on the variables grouped into five dimensions related to patient characteristics, access to health services, support for cancer diagnosis, human resources, and socioeconomic characteristics of 3,218 Brazilian municipalities that registered at least one case of OOC in 2019. The Classification and Regression Trees (CART) technique was adopted to identify the explanatory variables with greater discriminatory power for the TTI response variable. There was a higher median percentage of records in the age group of 60 years or older. The median percentage of records with stage III and IV of the disease was 46.97%, and of records with chemotherapy, radiation, or both as the first treatment was 50%. The median percentage of people with private dental and health insurance was low. Up to 75% had no cancer diagnostic support services, and up to 50% of the municipalities had no specialist dentists. Most municipalities (49.4%) started treatment after more than 30 days. In the CART analysis, treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both explained the highest TTI in all municipalities, and it was the most relevant for predicting TTI. The final model also included anatomical sites in the oral cavity and oropharynx and the number of computed tomography services per 100,000. There is a need to expand the availability of oncology services and human resources specialized in diagnosing and treating OOC in Brazilian municipalities for a timely TTI of OOC.
The non-template functions of helper virus RNAs create optimal replication conditions to enhance the proliferation of satellite RNAs
Authors: Qiao Zimu , Wang Jin , Huang Kaiyun , Hu Honghao , Gu Zhouhang , Liao Qiansheng , Du Zhiyou
Published: April 2024

As a type of parasitic agent, satellite RNAs (satRNAs) rely on cognate helper viruses to achieve their replication and transmission. During the infection of satRNAs, helper virus RNAs serve as templates for synthesizing viral proteins, including the replication proteins essential for satRNA replication. However, the role of non-template functions of helper virus RNAs in satRNA replication remains unexploited. Here we employed the well-studied model that is composed of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and its associated satRNA. In the experiments employing the CMV trans-replication system, we observed an unexpected phenomenon the replication proteins of the mild strain LS-CMV exhibited defective in supporting satRNA replication, unlike those of the severe strain Fny-CMV. Independent of translation products, all CMV genomic RNAs could enhance satRNA replication, when combined with the replication proteins of CMV. This enhancement is contingent upon the recruitment and complete replication of helper virus RNAs. Using the method developed for analyzing the satRNA recruitment, we observed a markedly distinct ability of the replication proteins from both CMV strains to recruit the positive-sense satRNA-harboring RNA3 mutant for replication. This is in agreement with the differential ability of both 1a proteins in binding satRNAs in plants. The discrepancies provide a convincing explanation for the variation of the replication proteins of both CMV strains in replicating satRNAs. Taken together, our work provides compelling evidence that the non-template functions of helper virus RNAs create an optimal replication environment to enhance satRNA proliferation.
Interwoven: Exploring Materials and Structure, Maarit Salolainen, Maija Fagerlund and Anna-Mari Leppisaari (2022)
Authors: Stephens Michelle
Published: April 2024

Review of: Interwoven: Exploring Materials and Structure, Maarit Salolainen, Maija Fagerlund and Anna-Mari Leppisaari (2022)

Espoo: Aalto Arts Books, 497 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-52640-638-1, h/bk, €45.00
Teaching on a damaged planet: Learning lessons from lockdown
Authors: Walters Victoria
Published: April 2024

During the UK COVID-19 lockdowns (2020–21), new approaches to online teaching and learning were developed in all fields of higher education. As we move, we must hope, out of the most critical phases of the pandemic, the question arises: what should be retained of this work? In some quarters, anxiety has been voiced that important potential lessons are being jettisoned in favour of a return to ‘business as usual’. Taking the first WoW Special Issue’s focus on experiments in teaching and learning in visual culture as my focus, and in particular those detailed in Rebecca Bell’s article ‘Untrammelled ways: Reflecting on the written text, nourishment and care in online teaching’, this article will argue that to fully learn from the pedagogical experiments undertaken during the UK lockdowns and to protect safe and caring spaces for critical thinking, the pandemic needs to be understood as linked to environmental and climate emergency.
Avatars, egregores and the writing of the self1
Authors: O’Sullivan Simon
Published: April 2024

My article is concerned with the investment in – and reality of – fictions. It looks at the magical idea of the egregore or of an entity, broadly understood, that is produced through collective investment and then speaks back to its authors as if it came from someplace else. At stake here is also an investigation into other kinds of agency – other ‘deep assignments’ – that are always already at work behind the fiction of the self. Important in this enquiry is an idea of writing – or re-writing – the self. Indeed, my claim is that various fields – from magickal practice to literary experimentation and from neuroscience to psychoanalysis and schizoanalysis – offer up important resources for this creative and pragmatic task.
Art writing as absorption into the world
Authors: Liston Kate
Published: April 2024

‘Art writing as absorption into the world’ is a collection of auto-theoretical writing that experiments with ways to make present the experience of a self that is producing and consuming a world made up of art, phenomenology and contemporary wellness trends. Distinctions between matter and knowledge are blurred within accounts of physical substances and bodily processes. The writing is taken from my 2017 practice-led Ph.D. ‘Link Zone’: an exploration of the sensation of knowledge through a practice of art and writing. It is framed by an introduction that reflects on its operation as writing-as-practice in an academic context, in which this is still uncommon, and on its publishing by performance as Oh-Link Zone (2018).
Muito mais que um jogo
Authors: Oliveira Gerson de Lima , Pereira Matheus Mazzilli , Fernandes Eduardo Georjão
Published: April 2024

Os recentes protestos das torcidas autodenominadas antifascistas têm ampliado a visibilidade das ações de caráter político promovidas por torcedores de futebol. Como definir conceitualmente tais ações de forma a diferenciá-las das demais atividades realizadas por torcidas de futebol? Nesse artigo, sugerimos que o conceito de “ativismo” definido como a defesa coletiva de causas contenciosas é uma chave analítica profícua para o estudo deste fenômeno. Em busca de evidências de ativismo junto a torcidas de futebol, realizamos uma revisão não sistemática da literatura sobre torcedores de futebol e política no Brasil e uma pesquisa empírica exploratória junto às torcidas a partir de um levantamento documental em mídias sociais e de entrevistas com seus membros. Os resultados indicaram a existência de tal fenômeno ao evidenciar que o futebol é um campo marcado por conflitos diversos em relação aos quais as “torcidas ativistas” têm agido coletivamente na defesa de causas contenciosas.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF SANCTIONS ON STOCK AND INDUSTRY INDICES OF COUNTRIES INITIATING SANCTIONS AND COUNTRIES UNDER SANCTIONS
Authors: Zinovyev A. G. , Dubina I. N. , Kuzmin P. I.
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the analysis and assessment of the impact on financial markets of the consequences of sanctions imposed at the initiative of the United States and the European Union in March 2014. One of the factors for sustainable economic development in the context of imposed sanctions is the stability of financial markets. To assess the consequences of the impact of sanctions on financial markets, we performed a correlation analysis of stock and industry indices of countries initiating sanctions and countries which are subject of sanctions, including Russia. The use of correlation analysis using current data made it possible to determine the presence, direction and strength of the relationship, and to assess the statistical significance of the obtained data in the context of leading stock and industry indices. For a detailed analysis of the impact of sanctions measures, calculations were carried out using a market model for assessing the returns of stock and industry indices, taking into account the leading factor. There is a close connection between the selected industry indices and the majority of industry indices of the countries initiating sanctions and, at the same time, there is a weak connection with the industry indices of countries subject to sanctions, including Russia. The study showed the insignificant effectiveness of the impact of sanctions measures on the Russian financial market. Based on the correlation analysis carried out, further research will allow to assess not only the impact of sanctions on the economies of the countries on which these sanctions are imposed, but also to analyze the reverse effect for the countries initiating the sanctions.
ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION ON THE INTRODUCTION OF “GREEN” TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT OF RUSSIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Panasenko S. V. , Osipova E. A. , Suray N. M. , Panasenko N. A.
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes information on the introduction of “green” technologies in the context of managing the sustainable development of Russian companies in the field of residential real estate. It was revealed that the aspects of information support for the use of “green” technologies in practice are insufficiently developed, there is no or insufficient information on these aspects on the official websites of real estate developers and their sales offices, there is not enough relevant information in the media field and expert reviews on this topic. There is not enough activity on sales forums Asignificant PR campaign developing one of the criteria of the “green” standard was the placement of eco-containers for collecting tires, clothing and equipment and other items on the territory of residential complexes. The objectives of the campaign were defined as increasing comfort and responsible attitude to the environment in modern residential complexes. During the research, the strengths and weaknesses of advertising and PR support for the introduction of “green” technologies in the construction of residential real estate in Moscow and the Moscow region of the Group of Companies “Airplane” were identified. Recommendations on the development of information support for the introduction of “green” technologies in construction and residential real estate sales in the context of sustainable development management of Russian companies have been formed.
O INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS E ESTUDOS AFRO-BRASILEIROS (IPEAFRO) COMO CASA DE MEMÓRIA DECOLONIAL
Authors: Reis Heverton , Neta Olívia
Published: April 2024

A memória é uma ferramenta importante para a construção de uma história mais equânime, que valoriza as contribuições desses grupos para a sociedade. O Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Afro-Brasileiros (Ipeafro) é uma instituição que atua como casa de memória decolonial para as relações étnico-raciais. Por tal, busca-se responder  a seguinte pergunta: como o acervo do Ipeafro constitui-se como lugar de memória à cultura afro-brasileira? Dialoga-se com os conceitos de memória e decolonialidade. O corpus da pesquisa abrange o material disponível no acervo entre textos, imagens e produção intelectual, destacando a trajetória e legado do Abdias Nascimento no processo de criação do Ipeafro. Por meio de suas pesquisas, estudos e documentos, o Ipeafro busca descolonizar o pensamento e construir uma história que vislumbre as perspectivas e experiências dos negros. Além disso, o Ipeafro promove ações de conscientização e formação sociorracial, objetivando combater o racismo e as desigualdades étnico-identitárias, ajudando, no que lhe concerne, para a construção de uma narrativa mais inclusiva sobre a história do negro no Brasil, ao tempo que valoriza a cultura e as contribuições dos afrodescendentes para a sociedade. Percebe-se, portanto, o Ipeafro como casa de memória decolonial de resistência e existência identitária negra, e possibilita narrativas contra coloniais sobre o negro.
O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS:
Authors: Meloni Reginaldo Alberto , Eloi Ana Paula Borges
Published: April 2024

A cultura material escolar participa do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, porém ainda não são comuns investigações que analisam as práticas escolares usando os artefatos como fontes de pesquisa. Quando os investigadores se propõem a estudar as práticas escolares são escassos os registros então, em diversas situações, só é possível localizar vestígios dessas práticas em objetos de ensino que, em muitas situações, ficam esquecidos nos armários e nos porões das escolas. As informações das práticas escolares têm se perdido com o passar do tempo e esse é um motivo da urgência de se ampliar as fontes de pesquisa sobre esse tema. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar as práticas do ensino de ciências para crianças da Escola Estadual Raul Saddi, localizada no município de Diadema/SP, no período de 1974-2012, usando a cultura material escolar, os relatos de memória e os diários de classe como fontes de pesquisa. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: a primeira foi a caracterização do acervo histórico dos objetos de ensino de ciências da escola e a escolha dos artefatos mais significativos para aquela comunidade; a segunda foi a análise direta dos objetos e a realização de entrevistas para compor as análises. A investigação mostrou que uma arcada dentária e um torso bissexual foram os objetos mais citados pelos sujeitos investigados na pesquisa. As marcas de uso dos materiais e as entrevistas mostraram as disputas pela significação dos objetos e do currículo de ciências, especialmente quando se tratava do ensino das características do corpo humano.
INTERFACES ENTRE PESQUISA, EXTENSÃO E INOVAÇÃO NO TRABALHO DO REPOSITÓRIO DIGITAL TATU
Authors: Bica Alessandro , Costa Monteiro Gervasio Simôni , Lamadril da Silva Silveira Raissa
Published: April 2024

As constituições técnicas e teóricas dos repositórios digitais são essenciais para o seu desenvolvimento e sucesso, no entanto, o seu potencial para a promoção do ensino, pesquisa e extensão é fundamental para a concepção de espaços colaborativos e formativos tanto para quem se utiliza dos acervos dos repositórios como fonte e objeto de pesquisa, como para quem atua no seu processo de constituição e ampliação e que tem nos repositórios e, a partir da articulação entre grupos de pesquisa e universidades, uma oportunidade de aproximação com o trabalho de organização, identificação e tratamento de documentos e materiais com potencial de interpretação e campo de pesquisa. Considerando tal perspectiva, este artigo buscará demonstrar o trabalho realizado pelo Repositório Digital Tatu, vinculado à Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), campus Bagé, por meio do Grupo de Pesquisa em História da Educação, Repositórios Digitais e Acervos Históricos (PHERA), em sua dimensão da força humana e produtiva que planeja e constrói os materiais disponibilizados pelo repositório e que tem sua origem nos bancos acadêmicos dos cursos de licenciatura da Unipampa. O objetivo é explorar o potencial dos repositórios digitais em sua concepção e processo de organização de modo a demonstrar a sua capacidade de fomento a iniciativas de pesquisa, extensão e inovação entre alunos da graduação, incentivados por bolsas de iniciação científica, que passam a vivenciar experiências complementares a sua formação acadêmica-profissional. Espera-se, então, que este artigo seja capaz de destacar a idealização do repositório e o trabalho realizado, amadurecido nas potencialidades de seus alunos.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL E TEMPORAL DOS CASOS CONFIRMADOS DE FEBRE CHIKUNGUNYA EM PERNAMBUCO ANTES E DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Santos Maiana Ranyelle dos Reis , Silva Amanda Priscila de Santana Cabral
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica espacial e temporal dos casos confirmados de febre de Chikungunya no estado de Pernambuco antes e durante o período pandêmico da Covid-19. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, com casos confirmados de febre de Chikungunya no período de 2018 a 2021. Foram calculadas as taxas brutas de incidência suavizadas pelo estimador Bayesiano empírico local, segundo município de residência e a dinâmica espacial apresentada por meio da Razão de Risco. A análise temporal foi desenvolvida pelo Joinpoint Regression, segundo trimestre de confirmação dos casos. Resultados: Foram confirmados 26.194 casos de Chikungunya em Pernambuco. A análise espacial destacou a Macrorregião de Saúde Agreste com concentração de municípios que apresentaram baixa incidência em ambos os períodos do estudo; A Macrorregião de Saúde Metropolitana agregou os municípios com as maiores incidências no período pandêmico e maiores Razões de Risco. A análise temporal identificou três tendências: duas de crescimento e uma de redução. Conclusão: Durante o período de pandemia de Covid-19 houve uma epidemia de Febre de Chikungunya em Pernambuco, despercebida devido aos esforços do Sistema de Saúde estarem voltados para o combate ao vírus SARS-Cov-2.
A escolarização urbana e as rupturas e ressignificações simbólicas na estrutura familiar camponesa
Authors: Silva Matheus Lucio dos Reis , Pietrafesa José Paulo
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no Projeto de Assentamento (PA) Salvador Allende, localizado no município de Porangatu-GO, Norte do estado, durante os anos de 2019 e 2020, que analisou os reflexos dos processos urbanos de escolarização de adolescentes e jovens residentes nos espaços rurais. Tendo como objetivo refletir como a escolarização urbana desses atores sociais, egressos das escolas, realizaram rupturas culturais nas produções de sentidos, em decorrência da vivência urbana. Tal ruptura, por sua vez, produziu um esvaziamento de adolescentes e jovens dos espaços rurais, interferindo nos sistemas de vivências do campesinato, substituindo-a por uma racionalidade urbana, impactando diretamente na reprodução social familiar destes assentados. Como herdeiros que se negam a herdar a terra, os adolescentes e jovens egressos, em sua grande maioria, não desejam viver no campo, ampliando o histórico êxodo do campo, impactando desde os sistemas de produção camponeses aos movimentos sociais de lutas do campo. Essa disjunção simbólica geracional tem na escolarização urbana, o seu locus de produção. A metodologia de pesquisa percorreu dois caminhos: revisão de literatura e aplicação de questionários com jovens egressos das escolas urbanas, que atende à população rural.
Inhabilidad derivada para contratar con el Estado: ¿una forma de responsabilidad penal corporativa en Colombia?
Authors: Hernández-Jiménez Norberto , Pantoja-Ruiz Juan Pablo
Published: April 2024

En Colombia no existe, en estricto sentido, un régimen de responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas. No obstante, en nuestro estatuto de contratación pública (literal j del artículo 8 de la Ley 80 de 1993) se consagra una inhabilidad intemporal para contratar con el Estado, cuando la persona natural ha sido condenada por delitos contra la administración pública, la cual se extiende a las personas jurídicas en las que aquella participe como administrador, representante legal, miembro de junta directiva o socio controlante. Esta inhabilidad, que ciertamente genera una afectación corporativa, carece de oportunidad dentro del rito procesal penal para que la persona jurídica pueda ejercer el derecho de defensa. Con base en lo anterior, utilizando una metodología basada en la hermenéutica, dogmática y coherencia del ordenamiento jurídico nacional en sus distintas especialidades, los autores debatENB tanto la naturaleza jurídica de la inhabilidad — en especial si es una sanción contra la persona jurídica o un mero mecanismo de prevención—, como la conveniencia y la constitucionalidad de esta medida, en el marco de la expansión punitivista y la fachada de tolerancia cero frente a cualquier acto de corrupción. Se concluye que la inhabilidad derivada o por extensión es efectivamente una sanción, que tiene como origen una condena en sede penal, y que por tanto debería respetar los principios de culpabilidad, presunción de inocencia y acceso a la administración de justicia, con los cuales colisiona irremediablemente.
Criterios éticos y de derecho internacional humanitario en el uso de sistemas militares dotados de inteligencia artificial
Authors: Cotino Hueso Lorenzo , Gómez de Ágreda Ángel
Published: April 2024

Los usos de inteligencia artificial (IA) y sistemas autónomos en defensa no cuentan con una regulación internacional específica y en las propuestas de regulación de IA son habituales las exclusiones normativas para defensa. Pese a ello, los sistemas militares dotados de IA deben cumplir con el derecho internacional. Su diseño debe respetar sus principios y los de la ética de la IA. Para ello, hay que tener en cuenta los elementos diferenciadores del ámbito militar, como la eficacia, criticidad de los resultados, protección y calidad de la información, así como los datos, su complejidad y dinamismo, el carácter dual de las tecnologías, y el potencial empleo por grupos u organizaciones terroristas o escalabilidad del uso. A partir de la experiencia comparada, se formulan los principios éticos de la inteligencia artificial en defensa, similares a los generales, pero con las particularidades del contexto militar. Se subraya especialmente la necesidad de control humano (transferencia limitada de autonomía, control humano significativo, responsabilidad en todo el ciclo de vida), ausencia de sesgos y robustez, especialmente frente a los unintended engagements, así como los principios de la fiabilidad, transparencia, trazabilidad y seguridad de los sistemas IA militares. Se exponen las especiales dificultades que se dan en el sector por la responsabilidad individual que rige el derecho internacional humanitario (DIH), o la dificultad de proyectar la “doctrina del doble efecto” a sistemas autónomos por la imprevisibilidad de estos.
Research on optimal design of pleated cheongsam based on Kano–HOQ–Pugh model
Authors: Jiang Runtian , Jin Peng , Xu Xubing
Published: April 2024

As a kind of dress combining traditional and modern design, pleated cheongsam is becoming increasingly popular among Chinese users. However, the current design of pleated cheongsam has the problem of mismatch with users’ modern aesthetics and demands, which causes serious homogenization of pleated cheongsam and low sales volume. Therefore, the optimal design of pleated cheongsam was discussed from three aspects:consumer demands, design features, and comprehensive evaluation. The Kano model was used to sort out 12 user demands in three aspects: functionality, usability, and emotion. The House Of Quality (HOQ) method was used to establish the mapping matrix of “user demand-design requirement,” and the priority of 11 design requirements was determined. Finally, the best optimization proposal was screened and evaluated by the Pugh matrix and the live streaming data of pleated cheongsam brand. The experimental results demonstrate that the Kano–HOQ–Pugh model provides a scientific and engineered attribute framework for improving the acceptability and attractiveness of pleated cheongsam and provides a theoretical basis for brands to develop pleated cheongsams with ethnicity, modernity, and differentiation.
Understanding the separation of trivalent lanthanides and actinides using multiple diglycolamide-containing ligands: a review
Authors: Bhattacharyya Arunasis , Mohapatra Prasanta K. , Verboom Willem
Published: April 2024

The complexation and separation behaviour of trivalent actinides and lanthanides with various multiple diglycolamide (DGA) group-containing ligands are compiled in the present review. The DGA arms are anchored on various scaffolds, viz., C- and N-pivot tripodal backbones, benzene-centred tripodal backbones, calix[4]arene, pillar[5]arene and azamacrocycle scaffolds. Dendrimers of different generations having DGA arms were also evaluated for the extraction and complexation studies of trivalent actinide and lanthanide ions. The extraction efficiency of the DGA units increases significantly when they are grouped together on a single backbone/scaffold. Furthermore, the selectivity was found to improve in many cases, particularly with respect to the UO2
2+ ion. This is very important for the development of suitable ligands for the extraction/separation of the actinide and lanthanide ions. Combined experimental, luminescence and DFT studies on the complexation of trivalent actinides and lanthanides with these DGA-based ligands are quite useful to understand their extraction and separation behaviour and this review article gives a critical analysis of the results available in the literature.
When Gorillas Strike: Constitutional Protection of Non-Market-Institutions in Labor Law
Authors: Hensel Isabell
Published: April 2024

The “wildcat strike” against the poor working conditions of the bike couriers of the delivery service Gorilla at the beginning of 2021 ended in numerous dismissals by the employer. The trade unions did not support the strike, so that participation in the work stoppage was deemed unlawful by the courts. Under German law, strikes are only permitted as a means of exerting pressure in collective bargaining. However, it must be asked whether, with the changes in forms of employment and the associated limits to trade union representation of interests, it is still justified to regard the right to strike exclusively as an appendage of collective bargaining autonomy. Not only the pressure of international law, but also Gunther Teubner’s concept of non-market institutions as necessarily resistant collective actors against economic profit pressures call for the further development of legal protection of collectivities. Alternative labor struggles for the often precarious conditions of increasing mobile, digitalized and transnational gainful employment would then have to be recognized under certain conditions.
Interacting with Legumes—Teaching About Pollination and Adaptations Using Functional Flower Models of Fabaceae
Authors: Hämmerle Linda , Hlavka Daniela , Kiehn Michael , Pany Peter , Lampert Peter
Published: April 2024

Especially within the light of the current loss of biodiversity, we want our students to gain a better understanding of the issues at stake in order to take action and support plants and their pollinators. Many educational approaches focus on honeybees, disregarding the vast diversity in the context of pollination systems and the complex (co-)adaptations on both plants and pollinators that evolved over time. This article tries to remedy this by providing scientific background and two practical teaching approaches including legumes (Fabaceae s. s., Faboideae) as one of the largest plant families worldwide, containing many well-known crop species. Legume flowers show specializations regarding pollination and are therefore excellent examples to teach not only about pollination and adaptations, but also conservation. The main elements of both teaching approaches are functional flower models. The first approach was developed for learners with little background knowledge on pollination, whereas the second approach is more elaborate.
Techniques and Resources for Teaching and Learning Bird Sounds
Authors: Beebe Caitlin , Robinson W. Douglas
Published: April 2024

The sounds of birds form the outdoor playlist of our lives. Birds appeal to the public, in part because of the wide variety of interesting sounds they make. This popularity has led to a long history of amateur participation in ornithology, which has recently produced rapid increases in freely available online databases with hundreds of thousands of bird sounds recorded by birdwatchers. These databases provide unique opportunities for teachers to guide students through processes to learn to identify bird species by their sounds. The techniques we summarize here include combining the auditory components of recognizing different types of sounds birds make with visual components of reading sonograms, widely available visual representations of sounds.