bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field on the course of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Authors: Byalovsky Yuri Yu. , Ivanov Aleksey  V. , Rakitina Irina  S.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy is non-invasive, pain-relieving and preventing bone loss in osteoporosis. This study analyzes the effects of rehabilitation of postmenopausal women after spinal fracture after treatment with a pulsed electromagnetic field.
AIM: is to analyze the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on fractures and osteoporosis after spinal fracture surgery.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted, respectively, in the pulsed electromagnetic field treatment group (40 cases) and the control group (42 cases), respectively. The results of the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), back pain, body function, hip bone density at 1 month and 3 months after surgery were studied.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the pulsed electromagnetic field treatment group can significantly improve the psychological score, the 6-minute walk test, and the sitting position in a chair one month after surgery. And 3 months after surgery, the pulsed electromagnetic field treatment group can significantly improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL), back pain, and body function scores.
CONCLUSION: Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy has a positive effect on pain relief, functional changes in the body and bone loss after spinal fracture surgery.
La virtualización de la libertad. La nueva pandemia
Authors: Barrera Muñoz Andrés Felipe
Published: August 2022

La entrada de la pandemia, la revolución 4.0 y los estilos de vida adoptados por los países latinoamericanos influenciados por países europeos y orientales han traído consigo una modificación en las prácticas que definen nuestro estilo de vida, proponiendo diferentes retos en el ámbito legal, cuya responsabilidad primigenia corresponde al Estado.
De esta manera, se le dará desarrollo al derecho a la desconexión o el derecho al descanso, donde se evalúan diferentes posturas y el alcance que este recibe, pues, ante la evidente problemática identificada por el Estado colombiano y sus repercusiones tanto físicas, mentales y sociales para el trabajador, se practica el recorrido integral ante la regulación que ha establecido el país, cuáles son las políticas que se dispersan, disminuyendo el impacto negativo y las propuestas que son posibles elevar, siempre y cuando el empleador y el trabajador dispongan de manera autónoma las condiciones que favorecerán como derecho innato al empleado que esté vinculado mediante un contrato de trabajo.
Feminismo indígena comunitario: de la teoría a la acción en las comunidades
Authors: Cogua González Laura Valentina
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo de reflexión pretende visibilizar la situación de las mujeres indígenas dentro del feminismo comunitario indígena (FIC), abordando las epistemologías del Sur y tomando como referencia una serie de autoras feministas comunitarias de origen indígena, quienes desarrollan elementos propios de esta corriente, a través de las diferentes vivencias de estas mujeres dentro de sus comunidades indígenas. Hecho que les permite establecer la importancia del rol que ocupa la mujer en la comunidad y la incidencia del colonialismo en las mujeres y en los pueblos indígenas, así como las consecuencias del sistema patriarcal.
De esta manera, se evidencia la decolonialidad como respuesta a un feminismo hegemónico y cuya aplicación se refleja en la propuesta de una construcción teórica que pretende erradicar la interseccionalidad de discriminaciones que sobre las mujeres indígenas convergen, mediante la interpretación sistemática basada en un pluralismo, con enfoque de género, que permita dar una solución no solo formal, sino material.
Estabilidad laboral reforzada en los contratos de prestación de servicios del Estado
Authors: Moreno González Fernando Antonio
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo busca resaltar y clarificar el tratamiento que se le ha dado a la garantía constitucional de la estabilidad laboral reforzada a aquellas personas que se vinculan con el Estado a través de un contrato de prestación de servicios profesionales o de apoyo a la gestión y que cuentan con condiciones especiales de vulnerabilidad. Se hacen necesarias este tipo de cuestiones, debido a la excepcionalidad de la contratación por prestación de servicios, ante la vinculación para el desempeño de las labores públicas y por la aplicación de una figura de origen laboral a una relación que no genera vínculos ni obligaciones laborales.
The key role of the regulatory 19S subunit in changes in the brain proteasome subproteome induced by the neuroprotector isatin
Authors: Buneeva O.A. , Kopylov A.T. , Medvedev A.E.
Published: August 2022

Isatin (indole-2,3-dione) is an endogenous regulator exhibiting various effects mediated by numerous isatin-binding proteins localized in different compartments of cells of the brain and peripheral tissues. It attenuates manifestations of experimental parkinsonism induced by administration of the MPTP neurotoxin and reduces the movement disorders characteristic of this disease. The molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of isatin include its direct interaction with proteasomes, intracellular supramolecular complexes responsible for the targeted elimination of proteins. Incubation of fractions of 26S and 20S rabbit brain proteasomes, containing the whole spectrum of proteasomal subunits, as well as a number of proteasome-associated proteins, with isatin (100 μM) had a significant impact on the profile of released proteins. In the case of 26S proteasomes containing, in addition to the core part (20S proteasome), 19S regulatory subparticles, incubation with isatin resulted in a more than threefold increase in the number of dissociated proteins. In the case of 20S proteasomes (containing only the 20S core particle), incubation with isatin resulted in a significant decrease in the number of dissociated proteins compared to the control. Our results indicate an important role of the regulatory 19S subunit components in the formation of the proteasome subproteome and the sensitivity of these supramolecular complexes to isatin.
Relationship between oral cinacalcet therapy with CRP and anemia in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Hoseininia Saeed , Kebar Sousan Mohammadi , Matin Somaieh , Sadeghieh-Ahari Saeed , Salemi Helia
Published: August 2022

Background: Cinacalcet is one of the newest calcium mimetic drugs in the treatment of patients with parathyroid cancer, secondary hyperparathyroidism in adults with chronic kidney disease. Due to the possible association between the effect of Cinacalcet on C-reactive protein and the pathophysiology of anemia in end-stage renal disease patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral Cinacalcet on rate of CRP and anemia in ESRD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on all 40 hemodialysis patients over 18 years of age underwent hemodialysis for at least 6 months. The levels of C-reactive protein, phosphorus, calcium, parathyroid hormone, ferritin, Total iron binding capacity, iron, hemoglobin before the start of treatment and based on the routine dialysis ward were repeated once every three months and recorded in the, in the checklist. Also, age, sex, weight, underlying disease, duration of dialysis and duration of use and dose of Cinacalcet were entered. The results of these experiments were reviewed and analyzed before and after treatment with Cinacalcet.Results: In these patients, after treatment with Cinacalcet, the amount of hemoglobin increased and the amount of inflammation decreased and these changes were significant in hemoglobin rate but not significant in CRP rate. The relationship between patients' weight and inflammation was significant.Conclusions: Treatment with Cinacalcet in hemodialysis patients, at least in this study, could be increased hemoglobin and decreased CRP rate and can be a hypothesis for large analytical studies.
A study of prescribing pattern of micronutrients in dermatology outpatient department at tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Shah Anjali , Pillai Ajita
Published: August 2022

Background: Skin is the first line of defence for protecting our bodies against external perturbations, including ultraviolet (UV) irradiation mechanical/chemical stress, and bacterial infection. Different vitamins and trace elements are vital for skin health. The present study was planned to define the prescription pattern of micronutrients in the different skin diseases.Methods: An observational and cross-sectional conducted in the out-patient department of dermatology at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Rajkot, Gujarat over a period of two months. Prescriptions of 200 patients were analysed.Results: In our study, 200 prescriptions were evaluated. The average number of micronutrients per prescription was 1.95. In male average number of micronutrients per prescriptions was 2.01 while in female it was 1.91. Multivitamin B complex was the most commonly prescribed micronutrient.Conclusions: We observed that multivitamin B complex was the most commonly prescribed micronutrients followed by vitamin C in skin diseases. Though micronutrients play an important role in the body for healthy skin, it is overprescribed.
Determination of the drug utilization patterns of antimicrobial agents used in the department of ear, nose and throat at a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Ingle Satyashil A. , Divhare Sujeet A. , Hiray Rajesh S. , Shingare Sujata
Published: August 2022

Background: Pharmacoepidemiology deals with the epidemiological aspects of clinical use of and effects of drugs over a large population with intentions to have a rationalised prescription practices while using various drugs preferably anti-microbial agents. Objective of the research was to study the prescribing patterns of drugs in ear, nose and throat (ENT) department and to evaluate prescriptions according to World Health Organization (WHO) drug use indicators.Methods: A cross sectional, observational study was conducted in the department of ENT. Data was collected from the prescriptions of patients in outpatient (OPD) and inpatient department (IPD) both.Results: Total number of 250 prescriptions were analysed in which 1038 drugs were prescribed, with average number of drugs prescribed per prescription were 3.6 and 4.6 drugs among OPD and IPD group respectively. Anti-histaminic class of drugs were most prescribed drugs in OPD while in IPD, all anti-microbial agents were most prescribed class of drugs. There was a statistically significant difference between drugs prescribed by generic and branded names. When compared statistically, it was found that 1%, 59% and 40% prescribed drugs in OPD were from desirable, essential and vital class respectively. While 3%, 62% and 36% of prescribed drugs in IPD were from desirable, essential and vital class respectively.Conclusions: It is vital to aware prescribers about the importance of rationalised prescribing and avoid polypharmacy. A need for the development of prescribing guidelines and educational initiatives to encourage the rational and appropriate use of drugs, in order to give the inputs to the prescribing doctors.
Comparative study between effectiveness of low molecular weight heparin injection and unfractionated heparin in terms of morbidity and outcome in COVID-19 cases
Authors: Bhuta Meet S. , Gupta Sapna D.
Published: August 2022

Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 presented a variety of disease spectrums that range from asymptomatic to sepsis with multi-organ dysfunction and death. One of the mechanisms being a hypercoagulable state with micro and macro-circulatory thrombosis is found in critically ill COVID-19 patient with ARDS with pathology consistent with a vascular occlusive aetiology of respiratory failure rather than more classic finding of ARDS. Venous thromboembolism, MI, acute peripheral arterial thrombosis is seen in COVID-19. Endothelial cells dysfunction induced by infection causing excess thrombin generation, fibrinolysins shutdown, hypoxia inducible transcription factor dependent signalling pathways, increasing blood viscosity leading to Hypercoagulable state. Early application of anticoagulant therapy in severe COVID-19 was suggested for improving outcome in patients with elevated d-dimer. Aim of study was comparing effectiveness of LMWH with unfractionated heparin in outcome of COVID-19.Methods: This retrospective observational study including 400 patients meeting inclusion criteria were divided 2 groups out of which 200 patients were treated with inj. LMWH and other 200 were treated with injection heparin and various parameters were compared. A probability value (p value) of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Death rate is seen lower with LMWH in critically ill patients with high discharge rate with minimal lab parameter derangement and high efficacy to lower down inflammatory markers (LDH, ferritin, CRP, D-dimer, ESR) in comparison to unfractionated heparin.Conclusions: Early use of LMWH may be beneficial for the outcome.
A case report on Kawasaki disease
Authors: P. Muhammed Nishad , S. S. Mohamed Ashik Ali , Priya A. , Chander K. Arun
Published: August 2022

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of children that leads to coronary artery aneurysms in ≈ 25 of untreated cases. It has been reported worldwide and is the leading cause of acquired heart disorder in children in developed countries. The diagnosis of KD is made on basis on the clinical findings. Atypical KD includes patients who don't meet all the criteria for opinion. The main complication of Kawasaki complaint is coronary aneurysm, and the treatment is intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin. Another dose of immunoglobulin is given if the patient doesn't ameliorate, and several other treatment options have been proposed over the last many years as alternate and third line options. The AHA criteria, which incorporate suggestions for laboratory tests and early echocardiography, are helpful for diagnosing incomplete KD. Diagnosis is based on the presence of fever lasting longer than 5 days and four of five specific clinical criteria. In Japan, at least five of six criteria (fever and five other clinical criteria) should be fulfilled for the determination of KD. From the Japanese circulation society joint working groups criteria (JCS 2008, Guidelines for diagnosis and management of cardiovascular sequela in KD), KD can be diagnosed indeed when fever lasts lesser than 5 days. Though, according to the American heart association (AHA) criteria, fever lasting more than 5 days is essential for KD diagnosis. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin is well established in KD. Aspirin has been used in KD for anti-inflammatory effect, and low-dose aspirin is recommended to reduce the risk of thrombosis.
Challenges of incorporating e-learning in medical education-a review
Authors: P. Anitha , Krishnappa Narayana , Dhar Ruchi
Published: August 2022

In this modern era of electronic gadgets learning is made easy and more effective using the electronic media. E-learning is it really a boon or a burden for medical education and the educators? E-learning is defined as learning mediated by technology, such as the world wide web, internet, and multi-media, based computer applications. All peer reviewed journals articles from 2009 to 2022 that reported the challenges of implementation of the e- learning were included in the study. The search was completed by three researchers over a period of 1 month from databases like Scopus, Medline, biomedical central and Google scholar. Term used for online search was “e-learning” in medical education. The common challenges in e-learning are lack of skills, inadequate time, poor infrastructure, poor communication and negative attitude of the educators. These challenges can be overcome by developing necessary skills, adopting new tools, and by better communication and having a positive attitude. E-learning in medicine is a relatively new concept. Hence it becomes imperative that the national medical council at the policy making and enforcing level become more vigilant on the fact that whether the respective Institutions are effectively using the e-learning platform for the benefit of the students or not. Whether the institutions are effectively providing all the technologies, teacher training, teaching aids for the medical teachers or not. Finally, whether the medical teachers are receptive of the new changes and willing to make better use of e-learning for the benefit of students.
A novel intervention altering disease course in children with dengue: an observational study
Authors: Myathari Ramakrishna , Gupta Anand
Published: August 2022

Background: Dengue fever has emerged as a global public health problem in recent decade, clinical spectrum of disease ranges from mild fever to life threatening dengue shock syndrome. The disease is characterized by thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and increased capillary permeability leading to third space fluid loss viz ascites, pleural effusion pericardial effusion. This study aims to show that therapeutic intervention (viz albumin transfusion under supervised diuretic cover) during onset of critical phase significantly reduces progression of disease, morbidity and mortality.Methods: In this observational study enrolled confirmed dengue cases, requiring hospitalization. Basic lab parameters viz complete blood count, liver functions, renal functions, C-reactive proteins, chest X-ray were obtained. Pre requisites prior to albumin infusion were; urine output >0.8 ml/kg/hour, normal renal functions and no shock/hypotension.Results: We found improved outcomes using this intervention in dengue patients early identification of onset of critical phase and intervening during that phase significantly reduced the morbidity/mortality. Out of remaining 78 cases, 24 children developed critical phase, they were managed and transfused albumin infusion under diuretic cover. None of children who received albumin transfusion had mortality.Conclusions: Early identification of onset of critical phase and intervening during that phase significantly reduced the morbidity/mortality as well duration of ICU/hospital stay. We believe albumin transfusion under supervised diuretic cover, also preventing development of major life-threatening complications viz dengue shock syndrome.
Evaluation of serum vitamin D levels in diabetic children and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control (Hba1C) in vitamin D deficient diabetic children
Authors: Shetty Srinivas Chandana Nanjaiah , Mysore Ramaraj Savitha
Published: August 2022

Background: It has been estimated that around 96,000 children under 15 years are found to develop type 1 diabetes annually all over the world. Vitamin D deficiency is more common in paediatric diabetic population and vitamin D supplementation is known to improve glycemic control in Diabetic children. The objectives of the study being, to compare serum vitamin D levels of diabetic children aged less than 18 years with non-diabetic children aged <18 years and to study the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in vitamin D deficient diabetic children.Methods: Present study was a cross sectional study conducted in Cheluvamba hospital, Mysuru. 60 diabetic children and 60 healthy (control) children were enrolled for the study. Serum 25(OH)D was assessed by ELISA in both groups. HbA1c levels were assessed by HPLC among vitamin D deficient diabetic children before and after supplementation of Vitamin D.Results: In current study, study group (diabetic children) mean vitamin D levels were found to be 21.667±7.9 ng/ml which were statistically significant compared to control group that is 25.90±10.06 ng/ml (p=0.012) but there was no clinical significance. Among diabetic children the mean HbA1c before and after supplementation of vitamin D among vitamin D insufficient children was 11.78±2.22% vs. 11.73±0.141% (p=0.141) respectively and in vitamin D deficient children was 11.74±1.18% vs 11.72±1.17% (p=0.662). Conclusions: Mean serum vitamin D levels were comparable among diabetic children and control group. The mean HbA1c levels were comparable before and after supplementation of vitamin D among vitamin D deficient diabetic children thus indicating that there is no role of vitamin D in glycemic control among diabetic children.
Cirrhosis-related ascites with right heart failure and pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Putra Agus Dody Pranata Suadi , Dewi Dewa Ayu Rina Wiana , Wirawan I. Made Suma
Published: August 2022

Ascites is defined as an excess of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. Causes of ascites may be classified into two pathophysiologic categories: associated with the normal peritoneum and occur due to a diseased peritoneum. Ascites is clinically apparent when the patient presents either symptomatically with abdominal distension, thus leading to further testing, or asymptomatically when radiological imaging shows unexpected peritoneal fluid accumulation. The serum ascites-albumin gradient (SAAG) and total protein levels from ascitic fluid are useful to distinguish the etiology of ascites. We report a case of a 30-years-old man with shortness of breath, the stomach has been getting bigger, nausea, and cough which was subsequently diagnosed with cirrhosis-related ascites accompanied with right heart failure and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Cholestatic drug induced liver injury in active pulmonary tuberculosis patient: a case report
Authors: Theodora Agnes , Suryana Ketut
Published: August 2022

Drug induced liver injury (DILI) has been a long-standing concern in the treatment of tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT) is known to have hepatotoxicity effect. DILI is diagnosed clinically using liver biochemical test, such as alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin. Calculating ratio (R) of ALT over ALP, is useful to classify types of injury pattern in DILI. Roussel Uclaf causality assessment method (RUCAM) scale serves as a method to assess the causality agents for DILI. Here we report a case of 59 years old male who developed cholestatic DILI on fourth weeks of ATT. Patient came in with loss of consciousness, jaundice, nausea, pruritus, and abdominal tenderness. Patient’s ALT level was normal, but ALP and total bilirubin was significantly elevated, with R values less than 2, indicating a cholestatic type of injury. Patient sputum was positive for tuberculosis bacteria, showing an active infection. Patient was admitted and ATT was discontinued. Patient showed improvement, but eventually fall into sepsis and developed respiratory distress on sixth day of admission despite adequate treatment and close monitoring. Despite most of the cases resolves spontaneously upon cessation of the toxic agents, in the severe form, it may fall into chronic liver injury, acute liver failure, and eventually death. Preventing DILI is readily important by educating, screening for risk factors, and routine evaluation of liver enzymes in patient under ATT. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are needed to avoid poor prognosis in the course of the disease.
An acute case of herpes zoster ophthalmicus with post-herpetic neuralgia and cranial nerve neuropathies
Authors: Dadu Fahad , Kumar Sathish , R. Sadhana , M. Ramkumar , Kumar Magesh
Published: August 2022

Herpes zoster is a common diagnosis in the emergency department which is caused by reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV). Reactivation in ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve causes Herpes zoster ophthalmicus. It is associated with a rash in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve dermatomes especially in ophthalmic and maxillary divisions. The most often complications of HZO are episcleritis, keratitis, glaucoma, and cataracts. HZO with cranial neuropathy is a very rare condition. So herewith we report a case 51 years old female with swelling, redness in right eye and drooping of eyelids on the right side. She had tearing and double vision. She was diagnosed with herpes zoster ophthalmicus with neuropathy of 3rd, 4th and 6th cranial nerves. The patient was treated and discharged in a healthy condition. Timely diagnosis and treatment can decrease morbidity and prevent the complication.
Adrenomyeloneuropathy in a subacute combined degeneration suspect: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Saxena Sumanyu , Khalid Atahar
Published: August 2022

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is a variant of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) which is a peroxisomal disorder of beta-oxidation that results in accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in plasma, central and peripheral nervous systems, adrenal glands and testes leading to their dysfunction. These conditions are known as the ALD/AMN complex. In this article we discuss a case of AMN with respect to clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment.
A rare case report on rheumatoid arthritis with pleuro-parenchymal fibroelastosis
Authors: Siva Kumar K. , Lakshmi B. , Abarna Lakshmi R. , Jain Ashish
Published: August 2022

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a recently characterised type of interstitial lung disease that begins in the upper lung zones and extends to the entire lung. To date, the aetiology is unknown. However, the cause of PPFE in the current case report is rheumatoid arthritis. The symptoms are dyspnoea and dry cough. Pneumothorax is a common complication that occurs at the time of presentation or subsequently in the progression of the disease. It usually occurs in > 40% of ex-smokers with restrictive patterns in the pulmonary function test. Interstitial fibrosis appears pathologically as a thick consolidation in some preserved alveolar septal outlines and a markedly abrupt contact with the normal residual lung. Undiagnosed PPFE case scan be misdiagnosed as sarcoidosis, atypical idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or other unclassifiable interstitial pneumonia. The current case report will address the rare outline of Rheumatoid arthritis with PPFE.
A rare case of primary disseminated multi-drug resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Vinod Sushmita , G. Prasanth , V. Gangadharan
Published: August 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest cause of infection-related death globally.  Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is a life-threatening disease which results from the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) is usually caused as a result of the hematogenous spread of the mycobacteria during the initial infection. The patient's clinical presentation may vary from asymptomatic to non-specific symptoms related to the organ involved and may also overlap with urinary tract infections caused by other pathogens hence delaying the diagnosis. Here we report one such case where the vague symptoms of the patient and absence of respiratory symptoms delayed the diagnosis of primary disseminated multi-drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae as a causative agent in children having community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Thomas Nisha Mariam , Mahajan Shital
Published: August 2022

This article deals with understanding the basis of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae by studying and understanding its functional modalities. The history along with cellular biology has been looked at for having a broader understanding. Even though the exact pathogenesis that causes these various symptoms are underway, it has been found that the constant rise in cases by this agent especially in children has raised a concern for more data regarding it for sufficient understanding of its incidence and target of more susceptible population. The epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae affecting children having community acquired pneumonia is poorly understood and there is a dire need for its in-depth evaluation. Due to all these factors the need to study about this agent has become all the more crucial and this article looks at the rapidity and rising nature of M. pneumoniae as a causative agent and what makes the young school going population of children a susceptibility. The aim of the study was to have an insight into the complex pathogenesis it elucidates along with the features seen in children affected. The understanding of its prevalence in children is also looked at so that various treatment options that are available can be established and can provide for the most appropriate remedy.
Retroperitoneal schwannoma: case report
Authors: Muneer Javaria , Shamsi Ghina Shamim
Published: August 2022

Retroperitoneal space is a rare location for schwannomas accounting for about 1-3% of all schwannomas with wide variety of symptoms on presentation. We herein report a case of retroperitoneal schwannoma in an adult who suffered from left lower abdominal pain for 1 year. We also highlight the chain of investigations, surgical management that was undertaken and the postoperative complication that the patient developed.
Racionalidad y razonabilidad en la lucha contra el terrorismo internacional
Authors: Cardona-Restrepo Porfirio , Patiño Aristizábal Luis Guillermo , Toro Londoño Juan Gabriel
Published: August 2022

Enfrentar al terrorismo internacional sin menoscabar los principios de convivencia y pacto social entre los pueblos ha sido uno de los retos de los Estados contemporáneos. Esta problemática demanda, independientemente de la cultura, tradición política o religiosa, atención porque, si bien el escenario de las políticas de seguridad cambió significativamente dentro y fuera de los Estados después de los atentados terroristas en 2001 a las Torres Gemelas del World Trade Center en Nueva York, dicho fenómeno sigue afectando la relación pacífica entre los Estados sin importar sus sistemas políticos, sus medios de ordenamiento y estructura interna, convirtiéndose además en una de las principales causas por las cuales Occidente se ha escindido sin lograr un consenso universal para enfrentarlo. De acuerdo con el enfoque de la teoría política normativa aquí seguido, se hace necesaria una aproximación al fenómeno entendiéndolo como un hecho social y político de alcance global que exige a todos analizarlo y enfrentarlo según su naturaleza, elementos que lo definen, objetivos, alcances y efectos. Se concluye que el terrorismo, pese a su complejidad, debe ser enfrentado desde la conjunción entre lo racional y lo razonable para encontrar así puntos comunes y nuevas perspectivas de coexistencia pacífica entre los pueblos.
Desarrollo sostenible, ocupación y ciudades. El caso de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Miguel Velasco Andrés Enrique , Martínez Sánchez Luz Astrid , García Cruz Lizbeth Fabiola , Hernández López Ana Patricia
Published: August 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza la relación existente entre la ocupación laboral y el desarrollo sostenible de las ciudades de Oaxaca, México, durante 2000-2019, para visualizar algunas oportunidades de ocupación en las ciudades que permitan enfrentar la crisis económica derivada de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Se utiliza la metodología del análisis estadístico de correlación y de la teoría de redes para el análisis de los datos. Se concluye que existe una alta correlación entre el nivel de ocupación y el desarrollo sostenible de las ciudades oaxaqueñas. Estos resultados muestran que las ciudades analizadas, a pesar de la vulnerabilidad económica que aún persiste en ellas, poseen fortalezas y oportunidades en sus actividades e infraestructura, lo que resulta favorable para impulsar en ellas la ocupación ligada al desarrollo sostenible.
CULTURAL-INDEPENDENT VILLAGE: TOWARDS VILLAGE AUTONOMY IN A CULTURAL AND TOURISM VILLAGE IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Supardal  , Triputro Widodo , Pribudi Anggarani
Published: August 2022

In the context of implementing the privileges of Yogyakarta, Governor Regulation 93 of 2020 concerning Cultural-Independent Villages is stipulated in village development. The concept of a cultural-independent village is described as a village with the characteristics of independence/freedom, sovereignty, integrity, and innovation. The cultural-independent village is a complete and independent model or the political language of an autonomous village. Cultural-independent villages are supported by 4 pillars of independence in the fields of cultural villages, tourism villages, preneur villages, and women's empowering roles. Thus, it is hoped that the culturally independent village will experience economic growth and independence, so that community members can develop their potential, without intervention by the supra-village government. In practice, culturally independent villages are not yet fully independent, because managing the village economy must follow the provisions of the Regional Government Organization (OPD) 4 fields, as well as the budget also depends on privileged funds, the management is facilitated by 2 assistants from the cultural service of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The problem is that such a development process eliminates a culturally independent village's principle of sovereignty and independence. For this reason, this research will examine the implementation of the principles of a culturally independent village related to developing cultural and tourism villages.

To examine these problems, a qualitative approach was used, to obtain an in-depth picture of the data obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) with all culturally independent village stakeholders. For this reason, this research will be located in one of the villages with the title of a culturally independent village. The data is collected, then reduced, and interpreted various phenomena found in-depth so that comprehensive knowledge is obtained on the problems studied.

The results of the study indicate that village autonomy in the context of a culturally independent village within the framework of privileges has not been appropriately implemented, meaning that a culturally independent village has not met the requirements of an autonomous village. This can be seen from the principles of a culturally independent village, namely: sovereignty, freedom, integrity, and innovation which have not been appropriately implemented. In the implementation of the pillars of independent villages, namely cultural villages, tourism villages, preneur villages, and gender roles, the role of the related OPD and cultural village assistants is very dominant, both in budget management and program management. Thus, culturally independent villages do not have the freedom to manage cultural and tourist villages for the community's welfare, because everything has been scheduled by each OPD, especially Kundho Kabudayan in The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY).
The Accelerative of Speaking Progress on the Information Implemented
Authors: Khalid Muhammad , Wariyati
Published: August 2022

This study focused on the effect of using Information Gap. The students must use the target language to share that information. The contextual and situational could be drawn as follow; one student has the directions to a party and must give them to a classmate. With information gap give each student has an opportunity to speak in the target language and students naturally produce more speech than they would otherwise and in this activity the students must make what they are saying comprehensible to others. As a result, Information Gap can improve students’ speaking. The research methodology used was Qualitative through Class Action Research Design. The Population and sample were taken from the first grade students of MTs. Al Washliyah. The Data showed that the implementation of information gap significantly affect the improvement and progress of students speaking willingness and competency. The challenging in thinking accelerated the students’ motivation in speaking English critically. The speaking phenomenon could be an interested research topic which were super challenging on the forming of English Teaching strategy and communicative technique.
El dolor en pacientes hospitalizados en una institución de alta complejidad
Authors: Colina Vargas Yerlin Andrés , Vallejo Agudelo Esteban , Rodríguez Polo Ayda , Escobar Restrepo Jerónimo , Posada Giraldo Cristina , Joaqui Tapia William Henry
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: el dolor se define como “una experiencia sensorial y emocional desagradable asociada o similar a la asociada con daño tisular real o potencial”. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la prevalencia, evaluación y manejo del dolor, en pacientes hospitalizados en una institución de alta complejidad. Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo longitudinal. Se incluyeron adultos hospitalizados en una institución de alta complejidad durante tres meses; excluyendo pacientes con <48h de hospitalización, alteración del estado de conciencia, diálisis extrainstitucional o historias clínicas incompletas para cumplir los objetivos. El análisis de la información se realizó aplicando métodos descriptivos. Los análisis fueron llevados a cabo en el paquete estadístico SPSSv.26(Inc, Chicago, IL). Resultados: se incluyeron 655 pacientes hospitalizados que cumplieron criterios de elegibilidad, con una edad promedio de 53.9 años. La mediana de días de estancia hospitalaria fue de 5 (RIQ 2–8). El número de tomas del dolor en relación con el número de tomas de signos vitales es de 1:4. Los pacientes recibieron entre 2 y 6 medicamentos diferentes para el control del dolor, siendo la dipirona, con el 68.5%, la más utilizada. Al egreso casi la totalidad de los pacientes presentó un adecuado control del dolor. Conclusiones: persiste una deficiencia en las tomas de la eva cada vez que se toman los signos vitales del paciente hospitalizado. La implementación de la política institucional “clínica que alivia el dolor” busca que se logre un adecuado control del dolor durante la hospitalización.
Uso de emulsiones lipídicas en el tratamiento exitoso de un caso de intoxicación por difenhidramina
Authors: Angulo Nancy Y. , Castaño Arias Paula A. , Parada Pérez Ana María
Published: August 2022

La difenhidramina tiene efectos antihistamínico anti-H1 específico y antimuscarínico que pueden ocasionar un desenlace fatal según la dosis total ingerida. Se reporta un caso de intoxicación por difenhidramina tratado de forma exitosa con emulsiones lipídicas a pesar de ingesta de dosis letal. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 19 años que ingresó por intoxicación por difenhidramina a dosis de 25 mg/kg (1.5 g) después del tiempo de descontaminación, con toxidrome anticolinérgico, con neurotoxicidad, cardiotoxicidad (QRS y QT prolongados) y sin respuesta al enfoque inicial, se iniciaron emulsiones lipídicas y, a su vez, se logró alta temprana por evolución clínica favorable y resolución de la prolongación del intervalo QTc y del cuadro anticolinérgico. La emulsión lipídica es una opción terapéutica para disminuir la morbimortalidad y la estancia hospitalaria por contrarrestar la cardiotoxicidad y neurotoxicidad producidas por moléculas lipofílicas como la difenhidramina.
Outcomes of Democratic Innovations: Horizontalism as Inclusive Participation Spillover, but Fragile under Hierarchical Attacks
Authors: Olariu Oana
Published: August 2022

Anti-austerity protests revived anti- and post-hegemonic sociopolitical imaginary, around the word. In Spain, 15M movement built the premises for political projects based on direct democracy and horizontal models of social organization, as defining features of the new muncipalists who won 2015 elections in several cities. The case of Madrid has revelatory value in the debate regarding outcomes of participatory innovations, as the alliance which pioneered digital democracy and multi-actor multi-level local governance lost elections of 2019. Although a relatively large body of research investigated the feasibility of democratic innovations by contrasting their designs and implementation processes onto the matrix of their objectives and underlying ideological principles, the literature explaining their outcomes is scarce. Few studies focus on factors modeling the sustainability of participatory democracy as city regime, and the most common approach stresses out neoliberal inhibitors, as structural breaks which limit the depth and quality of participation. The present study aims to contribute to filling this gap by extending the analytical framework to encompass factors related to horizontalism, as enablers of democracy innovations. It is concluded that while horizontal governance works as a spillover of inclusive participation, it is highly vulnerable to attacks designed to vertically restructure its working processes.
Book Review Susskind, J. (2019). Politica viitorului. Tehnologia digitală şi societatea [Future Politics: Living Together in a World Transformed by Tech]. Bucureşti: Corint Books
Authors: Costea Ana-Cristina
Published: August 2022

This book includes analysis to help understand how digital technologies will influence our political system. “Future Politics: Living Together in a World Transformed by Tech” [Politica viitorului. Tehnologia digitală şi societatea] covers the theoretical methodology for addressing the future of political ideas, the concepts of power, freedom, democracy, justice, transparency, and postpolitics. The book presents the impact of digital technologies on the relationship between the individual and the state. We strongly recommend the book to anyone interested in political science.
Universities and smart specialisation in less developed European regions: an evidence-based overview
Authors: Wibisono Eristian
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to review the evidence demonstrating the role of universities in the knowledge diffusion function for Smart Specialisation strategies. It is not new if many experts question whether Smart Specialisation will apply equally in all regions, plus the reason that the study of the role of universities in Smart Specialisation still needs much attention. Through this evidence-based literature review, I have identified three main points that support the role of universities for Smart Specialisation in less developed regions of Europe, including resources in regional innovation systems, public sector investment support for RandD, and strong bonds of the Triple Helix actors.
Odnowa przestrzeni publicznych w polskich miastach: od programów rewitalizacji do gentryfikacji
Authors: Jadach-Sepioło Aleksandra
Published: August 2022

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie wzajemnych relacji pomiędzy rewitalizacją i gentryfikacją na podstawie analizy polskich programów rewitalizacyjnych z lat 2004-2011. Charakterystyczną cechą polskich programów rewitalizacji jest to, że wyrosły z potrzeby odnowy bądź odtworzenia obszaru śródmiejskiego, głównie ze względu na jakość zasobów mieszkaniowych tam zlokalizowanych. Zakres programów rewitalizacyjnych rozszerzał się znacznie dopiero po wejściu Polski do Unii Europejskiej w 2004 r. Autorka analizuje realizowane programy w latach 2004-2006, w których z uwagi na konieczność szybkiej absorbcji środków unijnych narzucone były krótkie terminy realizacji podjętych działań oraz inwestycje z lat 2007–2011, gdzie można obserwować znakomitą poprawę jakości działań rewitalizacyjnych.
Przestrzeń publiczna miast w dokumentach planistycznych
Authors: Fogel Piotr , Pawlak Karolina
Published: August 2022

Niniejsze opracowanie powstało na podstawie doświadczeń wynikających z praktyki projektowej autorów oraz badań polityki przestrzennej prowadzonych w Zespole Podstaw Planowania Przestrzennego i Geoinformatyki w Instytucie Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Mieszkalnictwa w Warszawie. Celem badania była próba odpowiedzi na pytanie: Czy przestrzenie publiczne mają odzwierciedlenie w polityce przestrzennej miast? W ramach badania analizowane były następujące zagadnienia: 1) dostępność materiałów, 2) charakterystyka studium według skali opracowania części graficznej oraz kompletności dokumentu, 3) fakt wskazania (bądź nie) przestrzeni publicznych w studium, 4) sposób określenia przestrzeni publicznych.
University of British Columbia w Vancouver (Kanada) jako przestrzeń publiczna szczególnego rodzaju
Authors: Parysek Jerzy J.
Published: August 2022

Celem niniejszego opracowania był opis terenów uniwersyteckich oraz wskazanie na ich ogólnospołecznych funkcji. Był nim także opis obiektów leżących na tych terenach, które służyły nie tylko studentom, ale także mieszkańcom 2,5-milionowej aglomeracji University of British Columbia oraz osobom odwiedzającym.
Problemy zagospodarowania i kształtowania przestrzeni publicznej na obszarze Lasu Łagiewnickiego w Łodzi
Authors: Leśniewska Katarzyna , Drzewiecki Piotr
Published: August 2022

Głównym celem autorów niniejszego opracowania jest ukazanie problemów związanych z zagospodarowaniem i kształtowaniem przestrzeni publicznej kompleksu leśnego w granicach miasta oraz zaprezentowanie perspektyw rozwoju zagospodarowania Lasu Łagiewnickiego w Łodzi.
Strefy ruchu pieszego w przestrzeni wybranych miast Dolnego Śląska i ich percepcja na przykładzie Wrocławia
Authors: Kajdanek Katarzyna , Szmytkie Robert
Published: August 2022

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest zaprezentowanie w ujęciu geograficznym i socjologicznym stref ruchu pieszego w wybranych miastach Dolnego Śląska, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Wrocławia. Z perspektywy geograficznej zostaną ukazane przestrzenne uwarunkowania funkcjonowania tych stref oraz ich wyposażenia infrastrukturalnego, zaś ujęcie socjologiczne posłuży do zrekonstruowania społecznej percepcji stref ruchu pieszego, które są tu rozumiane jako szczególny przykład przestrzeni publicznej. Jednocześnie Autorzy podejmą próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie elementy decydują o powodzeniu stref ruchu pieszego jako przestrzeni publicznych, a jakie o ich społecznej porażce i odrzuceniu.
Pomnik jako element przestrzeni miejskiej – zmienność formy w czasie – przykład Torunia
Authors: Cudny Waldemar
Published: August 2022

Autor w niniejszej pracy koncentruje się na roli/funkcji pomnika w przestrzeni miejskiej. Dokonuje analizy liczby, rodzaju i lokalizacji pomników na przykładzie miasta Torunia, w którym to widoczny jest ciągły wzrost pomników miejskich od lat 50. XX wieku.
„Drapacze chmur” jako jeden z rodzajów budowli reprezentacyjnych we współczesnej przestrzeni miejskiej
Authors: Sokołowski Dariusz
Published: August 2022

Celem opracowania jest usystematyzowanie informacji na temat wysokościowych budynków we współczesnym świecie w tym geograficzno-statystyczna charakterystyka grupy budowli odgrywającej szczególną rolę w przestrzeni niektórych miast i zajmującej wyjątkowe miejsce w świadomości społecznej, a także próba ustalenia współczesnej hierarchii miast rozpatrywanych z punktu widzenia liczby i wysokości najwyższych budowli.
Przestrzeń publiczna szpitali w wybranych miastach południowej Polski
Authors: Kretowicz Paweł
Published: August 2022

Szpital w przestrzeni miasta odgrywa istotną rolę. Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie go jako obiektu współwystępowania rożnych przestrzeni, w tym elementów towarzyszących pobytowi pacjenta w tej instytucji. Autor opracowania opisuje wybrane placówki z Polski południowej, uwzględniając usługi komercyjne, które coraz częściej wkraczają do obiektów opieki zdrowotnej.
COVID-19 in chronic liver patients; great danger for cirrhosis patiens
Authors: EBİK Berat , EKİN Nazım , BACAKSIZ Ferhat , KILIC Jihat
Published: August 2022

Aim: The aim of this study; to investigate the clinical course and mortality of COVID-19 in chronic liver patients with and without cirrhosis and to determine decompensation rates during COVID'19 in cirrhotic patients.

Materials and Methods: 96 patients with chronic liver disease (30 of them cirrhosis) and 153 patients without any comorbid disease were included in this study. It was examined whether there was a difference among these patient groups in terms of severity and mortality of COVID-19.

Results: Severe COVID-19 developed in 46.6% (14/30) cirrhotic patients, in 15.1% (10/66) non-cirrhotic patients, and in 12.4% (19/153) patients with no chronic liver disease (p