bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographical distribution of at fault drivers involved in fatal traffic collisions in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Kavousi Amir , Moradi Ali , Rahmani Khaled , Zeini Salahdin , Ameri Pegah
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES: According to Traffic Police, about 35% of deaths and more than 50% of injuries caused by traffic collision in the roads of Tehran are among drivers and car occupants. This study was conducted to determine areas with the highest number of traffic collisions and perform spatial analysis of traffic collisions involving drivers in Tehran during April 2014 to March 2017.METHODS: The present study was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic research. In this study, all traffic collision that driver was accounted (100 percent or less) for crash occurrence which resulted in the death of at least one person (driver, pedestrian or passenger) were included in the analyses. Geographic information system software was used to show spatial distribution of events from zoning maps. Moran index was used in the mathematical analysis in order to determine the distribution pattern of the events from and Getis-Ord G statistics was applied to analyze the hot spots (high risk points).RESULTS: A total number of 519 traffic collisions were investigated in this study. Moreover, 283 cases (54.5%) of the incidents took place in direct routes and 236 cases (45.5%) occurred at intersections. The most frequent events were in the region 4 (57 cases) and the least frequent events were reported in the region 10 (6 cases). Moran statistics show that the distribution of the studied events significantly follows the cluster pattern (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The northeastern and northwest margins of Tehran are the most prone areas for drivers involved with traffic collisions leading to death. Most traffic collisions leading to death take place at highways located at the entrance and exit points of Tehran and highways in regions 2 and 5.
Trends of Ambient Concentrations of Gaseous Air Pollutants in Almadinah Al Menawwarah, Central Area, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hesham A. Al-Jeelani Hesham A. Al-Jeelani
Published: January 2020

Nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) were measured in Almadinah Al Menawwarah, Saudi Arabia. From Ramadan to Hajj season (October, 2005 - January, 2006) daily average concentrations of NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, O3, CO, CH4 and NMHCs, were 0.055, 0.040, 0.095, 0.011, 0.009, 2.82, 3.83 and 1.12 ppm, respectively. The SO2/NOx and SO2/NO2 concentration ratios were 0.12 and 0.28, respectively, suggesting that the mobile emissions are the predominant sources within the study area. The diurnal variations of NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, NMHCs concentrations were similar and showed two daily peaks, in the morning and late evening. These peaks concentrations are linked to traffic density, boundary layer mixing processes and chemical processes in the atmosphere. The diurnal cycles of O3 concentrations revealed a uni-modal peak in the mid-day time. The highest concentrations of the measured pollutants were found in Ramadan and Hajj seasons, due to increasing human activities. Significant positive correlation coefficients (p<0.05) were found between NO, NO2, NOx, NMHCs and CO, and also between SO2 and NO, NO2, NOx, NMHCs and CH4. Significant negative correlation coefficients were found between O3 concentrations and NO2. These results indicate that an increase in O3 level is associated with a drop in the concentration of NO2, CO and NMHCs.
A Study on the Urban Heat Island of the City of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Ilham S. M. Elsayed Ilham S. M. Elsayed
Published: January 2020

The study focuses on the Urban Heat Island (UHI) occurring at metropolitan regions through a case study done on the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Malaysia has 14 metropolitan regions with a popu-lation of 75,000 persons. Kuala Lumpur city is the capital city of Ma-laysia with a population of 1504300 persons, recognized as the greatest metropolitan area within the country. The study measures the intensity of the UHI of the city, number and location of cool and heat islands, and location of the nucleus of such UHI. Moreover, it compares the intensity and the location of UHI and the latest previous similar study done in 1985. Two methodologies combined to study the urban heat island of the city; weather station networks method and traverses survey method. The study used the Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to establish the colored contour maps showing the intensity of the urban heat island of the city. The study finds that, the temperature clearly varies from a weekday to weekend. The working days are relatively hot compared to non-working days (weekend). Furthermore, the location of the nucleus of the UHI is shifted from Chow Kit area to Puduraya area. In addition to this, it shows that, there is an increase in the intensity of the UHI of the city of Kuala Lumpur since last similar studies done in 1985 as compared to this study done in December 2004. It finds that, the increase in the intensity of the UHI of the city is 1.5o C, which is a recognized value whenever the human health and comfort are the concern.
The MATS satellite mission – gravity wave studies by Mesospheric Airglow/Aerosol Tomography and Spectroscopy
Authors: Gumbel Jörg , Megner Linda , Christensen Ole Martin , Ivchenko Nickolay , Murtagh Donal P. , Chang Seunghyuk , Dillner Joachim , Ekebrand Terese , Giono Gabriel , Hammar Arvid , Hedin Jonas , Karlsson Bodil , Krus Mikael , Li Anqi , McCallion Steven , Olentšenko Georgi , Pak Soojong , Park Woojin , Rouse Jordan , Stegman Jacek , Witt Georg
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Global three-dimensional data are a key to understanding
gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. MATS (Mesospheric
Airglow/Aerosol Tomography and Spectroscopy) is a new Swedish satellite
mission that addresses this need. It applies space-borne limb imaging in
combination with tomographic and spectroscopic analysis to obtain gravity
wave data on relevant spatial scales. Primary measurement targets are
O2 atmospheric band dayglow and nightglow in the near infrared, and
sunlight scattered from noctilucent clouds in the ultraviolet. While
tomography provides horizontally and vertically resolved data, spectroscopy
allows analysis in terms of mesospheric temperature, composition, and cloud
properties. Based on these dynamical tracers, MATS will produce a
climatology on wave spectra during a 2-year mission. Major scientific
objectives include a characterization of gravity waves and their interaction with larger-scale waves and mean flow in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, as well as their relationship to dynamical conditions in the lower and upper atmosphere. MATS is currently being prepared to be ready for a launch in 2020. This paper provides an overview of scientific goals, measurement concepts, instruments, and analysis ideas.
Validation of satellite formaldehyde (HCHO) retrievals using observations from 12 aircraft campaigns
Authors: Zhu Lei , González Abad Gonzalo , Nowlan Caroline R. , Chan Miller Christopher , Chance Kelly , Apel Eric C. , DiGangi Joshua P. , Fried Alan , Hanisco Thomas F. , Hornbrook Rebecca S. , Hu Lu , Kaiser Jennifer , Keutsch Frank N. , Permar Wade , St. Clair Jason M. , Wolfe Glenn M.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Formaldehyde (HCHO) has been measured from space for more than two decades. Owing to its short atmospheric lifetime, satellite HCHO data are used widely as a proxy of volatile organic compounds (VOCs; please refer to Appendix A for abbreviations and acronyms), providing constraints on underlying emissions and chemistry. However, satellite HCHO products from different satellite sensors using different algorithms have received little validation so far. The accuracy and consistency of HCHO retrievals remain largely unclear. Here we develop a global validation platform for satellite HCHO retrievals using in situ observations from 12 aircraft campaigns with a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) as the intercomparison method. Application to the NASA operational OMI HCHO product indicates slight biases (−30.9 % to +16.0 %) under high-HCHO conditions partially caused by a priori shape factors used in the retrievals, while high biases (+113.9 % to +194.6 %) under low-HCHO conditions due mainly to slant column fitting and radiance reference sector correction. By providing quick assessment to systematic biases in satellite products over large domains, the platform facilitates, in an iterative process, optimization of retrieval settings and the minimization of retrieval biases. It is also complementary to localized validation efforts based on ground observations and aircraft spirals.
Investigation of adsorption and desorption behavior of small-volume cylinders and its relevance for atmospheric trace gas analysis
Authors: Satar Ece , Nyfeler Peter , Bereiter Bernhard , Pascale Céline , Niederhauser Bernhard , Leuenberger Markus
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Atmospheric trace gas measurements of greenhouse gases are critical in their precision and accuracy. In the past 5 years, atmospheric measurement and gas metrology communities have turned their attention to possible surface effects due to pressure and temperature variations during a standard cylinder's lifetime. This study concentrates on this issue by introducing newly built small-volume aluminum and steel cylinders which enable the investigation of trace gases and their affinity for adsorption and desorption on various surfaces over a set of temperature and pressure ranges. The presented experiments are designed to test the filling pressure dependencies up to 30 bar and temperature dependencies from −10 ∘C up to 180 ∘C for these prototype cylinders. We present measurements of CO2, CH4, CO and H2O using a cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyzer under these conditions. Moreover, we investigated CO2 amount fractions using a novel quantum cascade laser spectrometer system enabling measurements at pressures as a low as 5 mbar. This extensive dataset revealed that for absolute pressures down to 150 mbar the enhancement in the amount fraction of CO2 relative to its initial value (at 1200 mbar absolute) is limited to 0.12 µmol mol−1 for the prototype aluminum cylinder. Up to 80 ∘C, the aluminum cylinder showed superior results and less response to varying temperature compared to the steel cylinder. For CO2, these changes were insignificant at 80 ∘C for the aluminum cylinder, whereas a 0.11 µmol mol−1 enhancement for the steel cylinder was observed. High-temperature experiments showed that for both cylinders irreversible temperature effects occur especially above 130 ∘C.
Towards an understanding of surface effects: testing of various materials in a small volume measurement chamber and its relevance for atmospheric trace gas analysis
Authors: Satar Ece , Nyfeler Peter , Pascale Céline , Niederhauser Bernhard , Leuenberger Markus
Published: January 2020

Abstract. A critical issue for the long-term monitoring of atmospheric trace gases is precision and accuracy of the measurement systems employed. Both measuring and preparing reference gas mixtures for trace gases are challenging due to, for example, adsorption and desorption of the substances of interest on surfaces; this is particularly critical at low amount fractions and/or for reactive gases. Therefore, to ensure the best preparation and measurement conditions for trace gases in very low amount fractions, usage of coated materials is in demand in gas metrology and atmospheric measurement communities. This study focuses on testing potential adsorption and desorption effects for different materials or coatings that are currently used or that may be relevant in the future for the measurements of greenhouse gases. For this study we used small volume chambers designed to be used for adsorption studies. Various materials with or without coatings were loaded into the small cylinder to test their adsorption and desorption behavior. We used the aluminum cylinder as the measurement chamber and glass, aluminum, copper, brass, steel and three different commercially available coatings as test materials. Inserting the test materials into the measurement chamber doubles the available geometric area for the surface processes. The presented experiments were designed to investigate the pressure dependency of adsorption up to 15 bar and its temperature dependency up to 80 ∘C for the test materials placed in the measurement chamber. Here, we focused on the species CO2, CH4, CO and H2O measured by a cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyzer. Our results show that the materials currently used in atmospheric measurements are well suited. The investigated coatings were not superior to untreated aluminum or to stainless steel at the tested pressure ranges, whereas under changing temperature aluminum showed better performance for CO2 (<0.05 µmol mol−1 change in measured amount fractions) than stainless steel (>0.1 µmol mol−1). To our knowledge, this study is one of the first attempts to investigate surface effects of different materials in such a setup for the abovementioned gases.
First data set of H2O/HDO columns from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI)
Authors: Schneider Andreas , Borsdorff Tobias , aan de Brugh Joost , Aemisegger Franziska , Feist Dietrich G. , Kivi Rigel , Hase Frank , Schneider Matthias , Landgraf Jochen
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Global measurements of atmospheric water vapour isotopologues aid to better understand the hydrological cycle and improve global circulation models.
This paper presents a new data set of vertical column densities of H2O and HDO retrieved from short-wave infrared (2.3 µm) reflectance measurements by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. TROPOMI features daily global coverage with a spatial resolution of up to 7 km×7 km. The retrieval utilises a profile-scaling approach. The forward model neglects scattering, and strict cloud filtering is therefore necessary. For validation, recent ground-based water vapour isotopologue measurements by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) are employed. A comparison of TCCON δD with ground-based measurements by the Multi-platform remote Sensing of Isotopologues for investigating the Cycle of Atmospheric water (MUSICA) project for data prior to 2014 (where MUSICA data are available) shows a bias in TCCON δD estimates. As TCCON HDO is currently not validated, an overall correction of recent TCCON HDO data is derived based on this finding. The agreement between the corrected TCCON measurements and co-located TROPOMI observations is good with an average bias of (-0.2±3)×1021 molec cm−2 ((1.1±7.2) %) in H2O and (-2±7)×1017 molec cm−2 ((-1.1±7.3) %) in HDO, which corresponds to a mean bias of (-14±17) ‰ in a posteriori δD. The bias is lower at low- and mid-latitude stations and higher at high-latitude stations. The use of the data set is demonstrated with a case study of a blocking anticyclone in northwestern Europe in July 2018 using single-overpass data.
On the relationship between total differential phase and pathintegrated attenuation at X-band in an Alpine environment
Authors: Delrieu Guy , Khanal Anil Kumar , Yu Nan , Cazenave Frédéric , Boudevillain Brice , Gaussiat Nicolas
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The RadAlp experiment aims at developing advanced methods for rain and snow estimation using weather radar remote sensing techniques in high mountain regions for improved water resource assessment and hydrological risk mitigation. A unique observation system has been deployed since 2016 in the Grenoble region, France. It is composed of a X-band radar operated by Météo-France on top of the Mt Moucherotte (1970 m asl; MOUC radar hereinafter). In the Grenoble valley (220 m asl), we operate a research X-band radar called XPORT and in situ sensors (weather station, rain gauge, disdrometer). We present in this article a methodology for studying the relationship between the total differential phase (ψdp) and path-integrated attenuation (PIA) at X-Band, a relationship critical for the implementation of attenuation corrections based on polarimetry. We use the Mountain Reference Technique for direct PIA estimations associated with the decrease of returns from mountain targets during precipitation events. The polarimetric PIA estimations are based on the regularization of the ψdp radial profiles and their derivation in terms of specific differential phase (Kdp) profiles, followed by the application of relationships between the specific attenuation and the specific differential phase. Such k – Kdp relationships are estimated for rain by using available DSD measurements, empirical oblateness models for raindrops and a scattering model. Two contrasted precipitation events are considered in this preliminary study: (i) a convective case with strong rainrates allows us to study the ϕdp-PIA relationship in rain; (ii) during a stratiform case with moderate rainrates, for which the melting layer (ML) rose up from about 1000 m asl up to 2500 m asl, we were able to perform a horizontal scanning of the ML with the MOUC radar and a detailed analysis of the ϕdp-PIA relationship in the various parts of the ML. The rain case study indicates that the relationship between MRT-derived PIAs and polarimetry-derived PIAs presents a considerable dispersion (explained variance of 0.72) in rain. Interestingly, the non-linear k – Kdp relationship derived from independent DSD measurements allows obtaining almost unbiased PIA estimates. For the stratiform case, the averaged PIA/ψdp ratio peaks within the melting layer at the level of the co-polar correlation coefficient (ρhv) peak, just below the reflectivity peak, with a value of about 0.4 dB°−1. Its value in rain below the ML is 0.27 dB°−1, in very good agreement with the slope of the linear k – Kdp relationship derived from DSD measurements at ground level. The PIA/ψdp ratio remains quite strong in the upper part of the ML, between 0.32 and 0.38 dB°−1, before tending towards 0 above the ML.
Diversity and distribution of Nitrogen Fixation Genes in the Oxygen Minimum Zones of the World Oceans
Authors: Jayakumar Amal , Ward Bess B.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Diversity and community composition of nitrogen fixing microbes in the three main oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) of the world ocean were investigated using operational taxonomic unit (OTU) analysis of nifH clone libraries. Representatives of the all four main clusters of nifH genes were detected. Cluster I sequences were most diverse in the surface waters and the most abundant OTUs were affiliated with Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. Cluster II, III, IV assemblages were most diverse at oxygen depleted depths and none of the sequences were closely related to sequences from cultivated organisms. The OTUs were biogeographically distinct for the most part – there was little overlap among regions, between depths or between cDNA and DNA. Only a few cyanobacterial sequences were detected. The prevalence and diversity of microbes that harbour nifH genes in the OMZ regions, where low rates of N fixation are reported, remains an enigma.
Patterns in data of extreme droughts/floods and harvest grades derived from historical documents in eastern China during 801–1910
Authors: Hao Zhixin , Wu Maowei , Zheng Jingyun , Chen Jiewei , Zhang Xuezhen , Luo Shiwei
Published: January 2020

Abstract. In China, historical documents record a large quantity of
information related to climate change and grain harvest. This information
can help to explore the impacts of extreme drought or flood on crop
production, which can provide implications for the adaptation of agriculture
to higher-probability extreme climate in the context of global warming. In
this paper, reported extreme drought/flood chronologies and reconstructed
grain harvest series derived from historical documents were adopted in
order to investigate the association between the reported frequency of
extreme drought/flood in eastern China and reconstructed poor harvests
during 801–1910. The results show that extreme droughts were reported more
often in 801–870, 1031–1230, 1481–1530, and 1581–1650 over the whole of
eastern China. On a regional scale, extreme droughts were reported more often
in 1031–1100, 1441–1490, 1601–1650, and 1831–1880 in the North China Plain,
801–870, 1031–1120, 1161–1220, and 1471–1530 in Jianghuai, and 991–1040,
1091–1150, 1171–1230, 1411–1470, and 1481–1530 in Jiangnan. The grain
harvest was reconstructed to be generally poor in 801–940, 1251–1650, and
1841–1910, but the reconstructed harvests were bumper in 951–1250 and 1651–1840, approximately. During the
entire period from 801 to 1910, the frequency of reporting of extreme droughts
in any subregion of eastern China was significantly associated over the
long term with lower reconstructed harvests. The association between
reported frequency of extreme floods and reconstructed low harvests appeared
to be much weaker, while reconstructed harvest was much worse when extreme
drought and extreme flood in different subregions were reported in the same
year. The association between reconstructed poor harvests and reported
frequency of regional extreme droughts was weak during the warm epoch of
920–1300 but strong during the cold epoch of 1310–1880, which could imply
that a warm climate could weaken the impact of extreme drought on poor
harvests; yet other historical factors may also contribute to these
different patterns extracted from the two datasets.
Stable isotopes in cave ice suggest summer temperatures in East-Central Europe are linked to AMO variability
Authors: Bădăluță Carmen-Andreea , Perșoiu Aurel , Ionita Monica , Piotrowska Natalia
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The climate of East-Central Europe (ECE) is the result of the combination of influences originating in the wider North Atlantic realm, the Mediterranean Sea and Western Asia/Siberia. Climate models suggest that these competing influences will result in difficult to predict responses to the ongoing climatic changes, thus making mitigation and adaptation strategies challenging to devise and implement. Previous studies have shown that the complex interplay between the large-scale atmospheric patterns across the region result in strongly dissimilar summer and winter conditions on time scales ranging from decades to millennia. To put these into a wider context, long term climate reconstructions are required, but, largely due to historical reasons, these are lacking in ECE. We address these issues by presenting a high resolution, precisely dated record of summer temperature variations during the last millennium in ECE, based on stable isotopic analysis performed on a 4.84 m long ice core extracted from Focul Viu Ice Cave (Western Carpathians, Romania). The data shows little summer temperature differences between the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age on centennial scales, but with well-expressed minima and maxima occurred synchronously with periods of low and high solar activity. Further, summer temperatures fluctuated with a periodicity similar to that of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, suggesting that solar variability-induced climatic changes were transferred locally by atmospheric processes. Contrary to summer temperatures, winter ones show stronger contrast between the MWP and LIA, thus suggesting that the later were likely an expression of winter climatic conditions.
Importance of snowmelt contribution to seasonal runoff and summer low flows in Czechia
Authors: Jenicek Michal , Ledvinka Ondrej
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The streamflow seasonality in mountain catchments is largely influenced by snow. However, a shift from snowfall to rain is expected in the future. Consequently, a decrease in snow storage and earlier snowmelt is predicted, which will cause changes in spring and summer runoff. The objectives of this study were to quantify 1) how inter-annual variations in snow storages affect spring and summer runoff, including summer low flows and 2) the importance of snowmelt in generating runoff compared to rainfall. The snow storage, groundwater recharge and streamflow were simulated for 59 mountain catchments in Czechia in the period 1980–2014 using a bucket-type catchment model. The model performance was evaluated against observed daily runoff and snow water equivalent. Hypothetical simulations were performed, which allowed us to analyse the effect of inter-annual variations in snow storage on seasonal runoff separately from other components of the water balance. The results showed that 17–42 % (26 % on average) of the total runoff in study catchments originates as snowmelt, despite the fact that only 12–37 % (20 % on average) of the precipitation falls as snow. This means that snow is more effective in generating catchment runoff compared to liquid precipitation. This was documented by modelling experiments which showed that total annual runoff and groundwater recharge decreases in the case of a precipitation shift from snow to rain. In general, snow-poor years are clearly characterized by a lower snowmelt runoff contribution compared to snow-rich years in the analysed period. Additionally, snowmelt started earlier in these snow-poor years and caused lower groundwater recharge. This also affected summer baseflow. For most of the catchments, the lowest summer baseflow was reached in years with both relatively low summer precipitation and snow storage. This showed that summer low flows (directly related to baseflow) in our study catchments are not only a function of low precipitation and high evapotranspiration, but they are significantly affected by previous winter snowpack. This effect might intensify the summer low flows in the future when generally less snow is expected.
Processes governing snow ablation in alpine terrain – detailed measurements from the Canadian Rockies
Authors: Schirmer Michael , Pomeroy John W.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The spatial distribution of snow water equivalent (SWE) and melt are
important for estimating areal melt rates and snow-cover depletion (SCD) dynamics
but are rarely measured in detail during the late ablation period. This
study contributes results from high-resolution observations made using large numbers of sequential aerial photographs taken from an unmanned aerial vehicle on an alpine ridge in the Fortress Mountain Snow Laboratory in the Canadian Rocky Mountains from May to July in 2015. Using structure-from-motion and thresholding techniques, spatial maps of snow depth, snow cover and differences in snow depth (dHS) during ablation were generated in very high resolution as proxies for spatial SWE, spatial ablation rates and SCD. The results indicate that the initial distribution of snow depth was highly variable due to overwinter snow redistribution; thus, the subsequent distribution of dHS was also variable due to albedo, slope/aspect and other unaccountable differences. However, the initial distribution of snow depth was 5 times more variable than that of the subsequent dHS values, which varied by a factor of 2 between the north and south aspects. dHS patterns were somewhat spatially persistent over time but had an insubstantial impact on SCD curves, which were overwhelmingly governed by the initial distribution of snow depth. The reason for this is that only a weak spatial correlation developed between the initial snow depth and dHS. Previous research has shown that spatial correlations between SWE and ablation rates can strongly influence SCD curves. Reasons for the lack of a correlation in this study area were analysed and a generalisation to other regions was discussed. The following questions were posed: what is needed for a large spatial correlation between initial snow depth and dHS? When should snow depth and dHS be taken into account to correctly model SCD? The findings of this study suggest that hydrological and atmospheric models need to incorporate realistic distributions of SWE, melt energy and cold content; therefore, they must account for realistic correlations (i.e. not too large or too small) between SWE and melt in order to accurately model SCD.
Integrated sea storm management strategy: the 29 October 2018 event in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Ferrarin Christian , Valentini Andrea , Vodopivec Martin , Klaric Dijana , Massaro Giovanni , Bajo Marco , De Pascalis Francesca , Fadini Amedeo , Ghezzo Michol , Menegon Stefano , Bressan Lidia , Unguendoli Silvia , Fettich Anja , Jerman Jure , Ličer Matjaz̆ , Fustar Lidija , Papa Alvise , Carraro Enrico
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Addressing coastal risks related to sea storms requires an integrative approach
which combines monitoring stations, forecasting models, early warning systems,
and coastal management and planning. Such great effort is sometimes possible
only through transnational cooperation, which becomes thus vital to face,
effectively and promptly, the marine events which are responsible for
damage impacting the environment and citizens' life. Here we present a
shared and interoperable system to allow a better exchange of and elaboration on
information related to sea storms among countries. The proposed integrated web
system (IWS) is a combination of a common data system for sharing ocean
observations and forecasts, a multi-model ensemble system, a geoportal, and
interactive geo-visualisation tools to make results available to the general
public. The multi-model ensemble mean and spread for sea level height and wave
characteristics are used to describe three different sea condition scenarios.
The IWS is designed to provide sea state information required for issuing coastal
risk alerts over the analysed region as well as for being easily integrated
into existing local early warning systems. This study describes the
application of the developed system to the exceptional storm event of
29 October 2018 that caused severe flooding and damage
to coastal infrastructure in the Adriatic Sea. The forecasted
ensemble products were successfully compared with in situ observations. The
hazards estimated by integrating IWS results in existing early warning systems
were confirmed by documented storm impacts along the coast of Slovenia,
Emilia-Romagna and the city of Venice. For the investigated event, the most
severe simulated scenario results provide a realistic and conservative
estimation of the peak storm conditions to be used in coastal risk management.
Predicting tidal heights for extreme environments: From 25 h observations to accurate predictions at Jang Bogo Antarctic Research Station, Ross Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Byun Do-Seong , Hart Deirdre E.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Accurate tidal height data for the seas around Antarctica are much needed, given the crucial role of tidal processes as represented in regional and global climate, ocean and marine cryosphere models. Though obtaining long term sea level records for traditional tidal predictions is extremely difficult around ice affected coasts. This study evaluates the ability of a relatively new, tidal species based approach, the Complete Tidal Species Modulation with Tidal Constant Corrections (CTSM+TCC) method, to accurately predict tides for a temporary tidal station in the Ross Sea, Antarctica using records from a nearby reference station characterized by a different regime. Predictions for the 'mixed, mainly diurnal' regimes of Jang Bogo Antarctic Research Station (JBARS) were made and evaluated based on summertime (2017; and 2018 to 2019) short-term (25 h) observations at this temporary station, along with tidal prediction data derived from yearlong observations (2013) from the nearby, 'diurnal' regime of Cape Roberts (ROBT). Results reveal the CTSM+TCC method can produce accurate (to within ~ 5 cm Root Mean Square Errors) tidal predictions for JBARS when using short-term (25 h) tidal data from periods with higher than average tidal ranges (i.e. tropic-spring periods). Predictions were successful due to the similar relationships between the main tidal constituents' (K1 and O1 tides) phase-lag differences at the prediction and reference stations, and despite these tidal stations being characterized by different tidal regimes according to their form factors (i.e. mixed, mainly diurnal versus diurnal). We demonstrate how to determine optimal short-term data collection periods based on the Moon's declination. The importance of using long period tides to improve tidal prediction accuracy is also considered, along with the characteristics of the different decadal scale tidal variations around Antarctica, from the four major FES2014 tidal harmonic constants.
Digitalization of scanning lidar measurement campaign planning
Authors: Vasiljević Nikola , Vignaroli Andrea , Bechmann Andreas , Wagner Rozenn
Published: January 2020

Abstract. By using multiple wind measurements when designing wind farms, it is possible to decrease the uncertainty of wind farm energy assessments since the extrapolation distance between measurements and wind turbine locations is reduced. A WindScanner system consisting of two synchronized scanning lidars potentially represents a cost-effective solution for multipoint measurements, especially in complex terrain. However, the system limitations and limitations imposed by the wind farm site are detrimental to the installation of scanning lidars and the number and location of the measurement points. To simplify the process of finding suitable measurement positions and associated installation locations for the WindScanner system, we have devised a campaign planning workflow. The workflow consists of four phases. In the first phase, based on a preliminary wind farm layout, we generate optimum measurement positions using a greedy algorithm and a measurement “representative radius”. In the second phase, we create several Geographical Information System (GIS) layers such as exclusion zones, line-of-sight (LOS) blockage and lidar range constraint maps. These GIS layers are then used in the third phase to find optimum positions of the WindScanner systems with respect to the measurement positions considering the WindScanner measurement uncertainty and logistical constraints. In the fourth phase, we optimize and generate a trajectory through the measurement positions by applying the traveling salesman problem (TSP) on these positions. The described workflow has been digitalized into a Python package named campaign-planning-tool, which gives users an effective way to design measurement campaigns with WindScanner systems. In this study, the Python package has been tested on three different sites characterized by different terrain complexity and wind farm dimensions and layouts. With minimal effort, the Python package can optimize measurement positions and suggest possible lidar installation locations for carrying out resource assessment campaigns.
Las Ferias del Libro de Madrid (1933-1936) como fiestas republicanas
Authors: Martínez Rus Ana
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se analiza el origen y el contexto político de las primeras Ferias del Libro de Madrid. Esta iniciativa, promovida por los editores de los años treinta, es una de las más exitosas y de más largo recorrido en el mundo del libro en español. Además, supuso la culminación de la política del libro, donde confluyeron profesionales autoridades y público, y contribuyó a la difusión social del libro y de la lectura en ese período. Las ferias nacieron al amparo del proyecto cultural de la joven democracia y de la participación ciudadana en la sociedad de masas. Por último, debido a su popularidad, tuvieron una proyección en provincias gracias a los camiones librería de la Agrupación de Editores Españoles.
'El contenido de la forma'. Madrid como ciudad invitada de honor en la FIL Guadalajara 2017
Authors: García Naharro Fernando
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo pretende analizar el relato y el tipo de narrativa de la presentación de Madrid como ciudad invitada en la Feria Internacional del Libro de Guadalajara 2017. Atendiendo a la dimensión cronológica y a la dimensión configurativa del relato propuesto en el programa oficial de Madrid como invitada de honor, trataremos de entender cómo desde la Coordinación de Alcaldía de Madrid se codifica y se transmite una determinada imagen de Madrid y cómo ésta se despliega después en la Feria a través de discursos, acciones y eventos dispersos pero articulados en torno a una trama y un relato común.
De la construcción historiográfica a la representación novelística: Fernando VII a la luz de Vayo y Galdós
Authors: Dorca Toni
Published: January 2020

Este artículo examina el impacto de la obra del historiador romántico Estanislao de Kostka Vayo, Historia de la vida y reinado de Fernando VII de España (1842), en la novela La Fontana de Oro (1870) y la segunda serie de Episodios nacionales (1875-1879), de Benito Pérez Galdós. Mi análisis se centra en las diferentes formas de representación textual de Fernando VII a las que recurren los autores: retrato físico (prosopografía), retrato moral (etopeya) y actuación política desde 1814 a 1833. El que ambos compartieran un mismo ideario, el liberalismo moderado, explica que su visión del monarca –y del absolutismo en general– fuera muy negativa. Sin embargo, el subtexto de las obras varía notablemente: mientras que Vayo dejaba entrever su optimismo ante la inminente subida al trono de Isabel II, la preocupación de Galdós por el futuro de la Revolución de 1868 se convertía en profunda desilusión tras el fracaso de la misma.
Italia en la Guerra Civil Española: el capitán Villegas y el origen de la Aviación Legionaria de Baleares
Authors: Aguilera Povedano Manuel
Published: January 2020

Este artículo revela la petición formal de creación y futuro uso de la base aérea italiana en Mallorca que firmó en agosto de 1936 el agregado militar de la Embajada de España en Roma, Manuel Villegas Gardoqui. Asimismo, explora el alcance de este militar como emisario de Franco ante Mussolini. El documento firmado por Villegas da libertad a los italianos para atacar objetivos “de carácter moral” del Levante republicano. Este hecho trascendental, la creación de la base de la Aviación Legionaria de Baleares, no se había abordado en profundidad. Las principales fuentes utilizadas son los archivos del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores italiano, el Archivo General Militar de Ávila, el Public Record Office (Foreign Office), prensa de la época y los trabajos científicos previos sobre la guerra civil en Mallorca y la intervención italiana en el conflicto: Coverdale, Heiberg, Rovighi/Stefani, Mattioli, Quartararo, Saz, Rizo, Vaquero, Moradiellos, Rodrigo, Viñas, Massot i Muntaner y Martínez Bande, entre otros.
Violencias, represión y memorias del franquismo
Authors: Sánchez Collantes Sergio
Published: January 2020

Violencias, represión y memorias del franquismo
Fernández García, Francisco: "Españoles en la Primera Guerra Mundial". Valencina de la Concepción (Sevilla), Editorial Renacimiento, 2018. 553 pp
Authors: Acosta López Alejandro
Published: January 2020

Fernández García, Francisco: "Españoles en la Primera Guerra Mundial". Valencina de la Concepción (Sevilla), Editorial Renacimiento, 2018. 553 pp
Frasquet, Ivana y García Monerris, Encarna (Eds.): "Tiempo de política, tiempo de constitución. La monarquía hispánica entre la revolución y la reacción (1780-1840)". Granada, Comares, 2018. 266 pp
Authors: San Narciso Martín David
Published: January 2020

Frasquet, Ivana y García Monerris, Encarna (Eds.): "Tiempo de política, tiempo de constitución. La monarquía hispánica entre la revolución y la reacción (1780-1840)". Granada, Comares, 2018. 266 pp
Ortiz Heras, Manuel (coord.): "¿Qué sabemos del franquismo? Estudios para comprender la dictadura de Franco". Granada, Comares, 2018. 287 pp
Authors: Garrido Caballero Magdalena
Published: January 2020

Ortiz Heras, Manuel (coord.): "¿Qué sabemos del franquismo? Estudios para comprender la dictadura de Franco". Granada, Comares, 2018. 287 pp
Percepções sobre as Paralimpíadas Escolares: Um estudo com atletas
Authors: De Resende Mariana Corrêa , Carvalho-Freitas Maria Nivalda De , Guimarães Andréa Carmen
Published: January 2020

O paradesporto no Brasil vem se fomentando devido a um conjunto de motivos, como o fato de termos sediado as Paralimpíadas Mundiais 2016, maior interesse do público/mídia, aumento no número de adeptos das modalidades e construção do centro de treinamento. Além disso, o legado deixado se constitui também no aumento das expectativas de todos os envolvidos neste movimento. Sendo assim, buscou-se analisar as expectativas de paratletas em nível escolar. Entrevistou-se 114 atletas brasileiros, de ambos os sexos, de idade ±15,45 anos, participantes das Paralimpíadas Escolares. Identificou-se a relevância da participação nesta competição na modificação da percepção em relação aos projetos futuros e como oportunidade de serem vistos como objeto de valorização e orgulho pelo meio social.
O futebol como ferramenta de inclusão social e escolar
Authors: Balzano Otávio Nogueira , Rodrigues Abraham Lincoln De Paula , Da Silva Gilberto Ferreira , Munsberg João Alberto Steffen
Published: January 2020

O Projeto Esporte Social foi desenvolvido em uma escola particular de Porto Alegre visando incluir atletas negros e de classes populares na escola. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se o futebol pode ser uma ferramenta de inclusão social e escolar. Foi uma pesquisa qualitativa e observacional participativa. O fato dos alunos jogarem futebol facilitou sua aceitação na escola, e o “habitus” adquirido no esporte tornou-os mais seguros e maduros para lidarem com as dificuldades cotidianas. Por fim, conclui-se que o futebol, assim como o esporte em geral, constitui uma ferramenta poderosa no processo de inclusão social e escolar de jovens.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: A ATUAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE APOIO
Authors: MENDONÇA ANA ABADIA DOS SANTOS , Neto Wenceslau Gonçalves
Published: January 2020

Este artigo propõe realizar análise e reflexão a respeito do professor de apoio como coparticipante no processo de escolarização de crianças com deficiências dentro da escola inclusiva. Sua participação neste processo é ainda incipiente, uma vez que muitas escolas regulares não sabem que podem contar com este profissional, ou negligenciam na busca de melhores condições de aprendizagem para estas crianças. O trabalho de pesquisa aqui exposto evidenciou estes aspectos. A escola que mantinha o professor de apoio para um aluno com deficiência intelectual se encontrava em vantagem relativa quanto ao desenvolvimento da aprendizagem. Este docente tem um papel bastante importante quando seu trabalho é feito em parceria com o professor da classe. O professor de apoio deve ser um profissional habilitado ou especializado em educação especial, que trabalha com o aluno deficiente que precise de apoio intenso e contínuo e que esteja inserido em salas regulares. Deve auxiliar a criança deficiente, o professor regente e a equipe técnica que por vezes presta atendimento às crianças deficientes. Deve ser detentor de conhecimentos específicos como código de linguagens e técnicas que possibilitem ao aluno o aprendizado dos conteúdos ensinados.
ROTAS BRASILIS NO ATLÂNTICO NEGRO
Authors: Rodrigues Marcelino Euzebio , De Oliveira Luis Fernandes
Published: January 2020

O texto apresentado está ancorado em obras de artistas que representaram o atlântico sob singulares poéticas, entre eles Wiliam Turner (1775-1851) que antecede os estudos decoloniais e denota particularidades que hoje se aproximariam desses estudos. Ayrson Heráclito (1978), Rosana Paulino (1967) e Arjan Martins (1960) que também partem de suas visões sobre o atlântico e retomam a historicidade das lutas dos africanos escravizados e afrodescendentes para criarem tensões e reflexões sobre a presença e a produção artística e cultural do negro no Brasil. As obras citadas dialogam com os estudos de pensadores contemporâneos, os quais estudam as relações étnico-raciais, o pós-colonialismo e a colonialidade vista a partir das pesquisas do Grupo Modernidade Colonialidade.  As obras também revelam aproximações poéticas e epistemológicas ao que é compreendido como Aesthesis decolonial, que seria a uma potência estética que desestabiliza o olhar e encaminha o espectador/fruidor a ver/rever o trajeto atlântico de africanos escravizados como uma rota de sangue e dor.
RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Junque Anderson Rogério , Evangelista Francisco
Published: January 2020

Resumo: O presente texto procura discutir as relações étnico-raciais pautadas no reconhecimento do outro e também de si mesmo, no sentido de olhar à própria origem e orgulhar-se dela, independentemente da localização geográfica ou da origem cultural. Reflete sobre a importância da identidade cultural e sua importância na construção histórica da cultura brasileira, onde o processo de partilha dos elementos culturais diversos e diferentes entre si, deu origem à um sujeito social diferente ao modo vivido pela visão eurocêntrica. Apresenta a pluralidade existente nos diferentes modos de ser e de estar no mundo como riqueza que precisa ser compartilhada e respeitada na realidade histórica atual no Brasil. O texto defende que a diferença cultural deve ser encarada como possibilidade de ver o mundo de outra maneira, com os olhos de outros, com outra visão da realidade, e não como movimento que separa aquilo que é diferente.
Palavras Chaves: Relações Étnicos-Raciais; Identidade Cultural; Cultura Negra.
A BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR E A EDUCAÇÃO DO CORPO
Authors: ABREU JERLANE SANTOS
Published: January 2020

RESUMO
Este texto tem como objetivo propor reflexões sobre a Educação do corpo a partir da Educação Física enquanto componente curricular da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Para tal, foi realizada uma análise a partir das propostas das práticas corporais e de elementos presentes nesse documento que, evidentemente, têm implicação na conjuntura de um determinado tipo de sujeito e, consequentemente, nos modos de educação do corpo. Considera-se que a BNCC é um elemento fundamental para construção curricular que, no entanto, precisa ser problematizada tendo em vista suas múltiplas formas de entendimento, reconhecendo os interesses diversos que estão envoltos nessa política educacional enquanto mecanismo de relações de poder-saber. Para esta investigação, a metodologia utilizada pautou-se na pesquisa bibliográfico-documental, com intuito de problematizar elementos presentes na última versão do documento da BNCC (2017) que refletem a necessidade de uma interpretação a partir do poder disciplinar presente na área da Educação Física. Tal análise foi fundamentada nos estudos críticos e pós-críticos a partir da ótica dos currículos culturais da Educação Física escolar, como preconizado por Marcos Neira (2018), além de contar com reflexões a partir das contribuições de Michel Foucault (1999), considerando sua teorização acerca das relações de disciplina e normatização que regulamentam o poder sobre a educação do corpo. Conclui-se que não é possível desprender-se das relações de poder que estão envolvidas no contexto escolar, mas se faz necessário refletir e reconhecer as necessidades da sociedade atual, que é marcada pelo multiculturalismo, sendo esse um passo primordial para motivar uma construção curricular que resista às incoerências na área da Educação Física previstas na BNCC e que potencialize suas coerências.
 
Palavras-chave: Educação do Corpo. Currículo Cultural. Normatização. Educação Física.