bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the effectiveness of funding for the state health care development program
Authors: Novikova Victoria , Yashina Nadezhda , Liu Jingyuan , Savinykh Lyudmila , Vereshchagina Julia
Published: September 2022

Currently, assessing the effectiveness of financing government program is a topical issue in theory and practice, since the level of health care development is directly related to the level of socio-economic development of the region. The goal of the research is development of methodological tools for efficiency assessment of the implementation of government program in the health sector, focused on quality improvement of life of the population. The methodological basis of the research is general scientific methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis, tabular representation of data. The methodological toolkit has been tested using official data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation for 2018-2019. The result of the work is development of distribution matrix of Russia’s regions for certain segments. The aim of the distribution is ranking regions and makes it possible to identify subjects with a high, medium and low level of effectiveness of program implementation.
TUTELA JURÍDICA INTERNACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE: CRISE CLIMÁTICA E A (RE)DEFINIÇÃO DE SUJEITOS E ATORES INTERNACIONAIS
Authors: Sousa Mônica Teresa Costa , Arouche Costa Leite Paulo Victor
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre atores e sujeitos de Direito Internacional Público a partir da tutela jurídica internacional do meio ambiente. Para tanto, serão abordados aspectos conceituais e históricos do Direito Internacional, e suas mudanças no pós-guerra, com a ascensão dos movimentos ambientalistas como reação à sociedade de risco. O enfraquecimento político dos Estados, a valorização da pessoa humana no plano internacional, e o desenvolvimento do conceito de governança ambiental, como estratégia de enfretamento à crise climática, ocasionou mudanças interpretativas acerca de sujeitos e atores de Direito Internacional.  Defendemos que o protagonismo político e econômico dos atores internacionais, bem como surgimento de novos instrumentos e atores, não os qualifica como de sujeitos internacional, qualidade reservada aos Estados e Organizações Internacionais, legitimados pelo conceito de soberania, fundamento do sistema internacional. A metodologia adotada foi a revisão bibliográfica e análise interdisciplinar do objeto.
MORAL RELIGIOSA E SAÚDE: AS COMUNIDADES TERAPÊUTICAS COMO ESPAÇOS DE VIOLAÇÃO DO DIREITO À SAÚDE
Authors: Paiva Monteiro Rita Maria , Lima Martonio Mont'Alverne Barreto
Published: September 2022

Resumo:O presente artigo propõe discutir a atuação das Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs)[1], que integram o Sistema Nacional de Políticas sobre Drogas (SISNAD), desde 2015, na contramão do que que preconiza a lei 10.216 de 2001[2]. As referidas instituições têm se constituído, como indicam pesquisas, notícias divulgadas na midia e artigos acadêmicos, como locais de violações de direitos de dependentes químicos[3]. O texto enfrenta a discussão sobre a origem do fenômeno do consumo de drogas em uma perspectiva cultural e até medicinal, sem descartar a inflexão do consumo dessas substancias após a Segunda Guerra Mundial quando emerge a problemática do vício em dimensão global. De diversão para classes sociais de maior poder aquisito à proliferação da produção e consumo de substâncias psicoativas, tornou-se problema da agenda política de sociedades desenvolvidas ou subdesenvolvidas. No Brasil, o poder público tem investido, contundentemente, para o manejo das questões de saúde ocasionadas pelo uso abusivo de drogas em “Instruções Totais”[4] como os tradicionais manicômios e, mais contemporaneamente, as Comunidades Terapêuticas, mesmo contando com Politicas Publicas de Atenção Psicossocial já consolidadas. Ao insistir nessa política de saúde segregatória constatou-se que o setor religioso passou a agir na atuação e formação de tais Comunidades, o que significa redirecionamento não racional para superação da dependência química. O texto se encaminha para a discussão sobre o abandono da racionalidade científica e médica em detrimento de uma ação religiosa que impinge ao adicto como forma de atendimento da sua questão de saúde, violência simbólica e física, devidamente amparadas por Políticas Públicas de Saúde.
A FUNDAMENTAÇÃO PRINCIPIOLÓGICA DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL HUMANITÁRIO APLICÁVEL AO CONTEXTO BÉLICO AFEGÃO
Authors: Guerra Sidney , Fabrício Ádria , Marins Rafael Clemente
Published: September 2022

O ato de se recorrer à violência generalizada como possível solução à resolução de conflitos demonstra o ato mais primitivo concernente à natureza humana. Quando o desejo de destruição e morte distorce os demais sentidos, os vulneráveis, os incapacitados e os não combatentes necessitam de resguardo, não por etnia ou bandeira, mas sim pelo simples fato de serem humanos. O Direito Internacional Humanitário (DIH) fundamentado na diminuição do sofrimento humano em conflitos armados, apresenta como objeto de proteção os seres humanos sem distinção, conforme fundamentação principiológica própria. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo busca destrinchar os princípios de DIH, com o objetivo de elucidar e aprofundar uma temática tão pertinente à realidade prática da geopolítica mundial, como se pode observar pelo contexto Afegão atual. Sob esse prisma, será analisado se os princípios entabulados em convenções e aceitos como práticas costumeiras internacionais foram respeitados pela maior potência global dentro de seus vinte anos de ocupação militar no Afeganistão, com foco ao caso do hospital de Kunduz.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO DIAGNÓSTICO DE DOENÇAS: A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO MÉDICO EM CASO DE ERRO DE DIAGNÓSTICO
Authors: Araújo Jailson Souza , Hornung Jociane Aparecida
Published: September 2022

O uso da inteligência artificial (IA) teve um aumento exponencial nas últimas décadas e passou a representar um papel fundamental na medicina, principalmente na radiologia, através da análise de exames por imagem, possibilitando a priorização de casos urgentes e a detecção precoce de doenças. Diante do exposto, este artigo analisou a possibilidade de que o médico seja responsabilizado civilmente quando o erro de diagnóstico é provocado pela escolha errônea do tratamento indicado por sistemas de IA. Para isso, o texto se utilizou do método de abordagem dedutivo, além da pesquisa bibliográfica, da investigação de publicações de periódicos artigos científicos e livros, nacionais e estrangeiros, análise de textos legais brasileiros e decisões judiciais. Com isso, chegou-se à conclusão de que, atualmente, o uso da IA no diagnóstico de doenças deve ser utilizado apenas em caráter de apoio à tomada de decisão e não de substituição do profissional. Além disso, apenas o médico devidamente registrado no Conselho Federal de Medicina está autorizado a realizar o diagnóstico de doenças, portanto os erros de diagnóstico nesses casos são de responsabilidade do médico, quando preenchidos os pressupostos da responsabilidade civil, motivo pelo qual os resultados decisórios dos sistemas de IA devem ser avaliados e confirmados pela equipe médica, antes da definição do diagnóstico final do paciente. Apesar disso, conclui-se que não existe uma única direção para os questionamentos suscitados no estudo, fator que exige uma revisão no instituto da responsabilidade civil médica, a fim de evitar responsabilizações injustas e indevidas.
On P2-Like Finsler Spaces
Authors: Kumari Bindu , Srivastava Ekta
Published: September 2022

In the present paper we have discussed a special form of (v) hvtorsion tensor Pijk given by Pijk = \lamda X_i X_j X_k , where X_i are covariant components of unit vectors, is a scalar function of x,y in a finsler space. Since of every two dimensional Finsler space may be written in the form, we shall say an n-dimensional Finsler space (n ) as P2-like Finsler space whose is of this form. The values and are obtained in the terms of main scalars and h-connection vectors with respect to orthonormal frame in three and four dimensional P2-like Finsler spaces
Radiología Esencial
Authors: Santamaria Salazar Karen Mishell , Parra Rivera María Alexandra
Published: September 2022

La presente obra ofrece la estructura básica de conocimientos para todo médico general y médico en formación. Contiene no solo varias imágenes que todo médico debe saber interpretar sino también descripción de patologías clásicas que son diagnosticadas por imagen
Traumatología y Ortopedia Generalidades
Authors: Arroyo Chugcho Pablo Andrés , Villavicencio Rodríguez Andrea Alejandra , Suárez Lescano Pedro Manuel , Concha Estrada Jaime Santiago , Garcia Valle Alexi René
Published: September 2022

En esta versión ofrecemos novedosas heridas del artefacto locomotor que conforman la base de esta especialidad médico-quirúrgica. Su presentación, diagnóstico y procedimiento de primera línea en la práctica médica general es de enorme interés para doctores en formación y personal de enfermería. No se integran valoraciones y accionar de paramédicos debido a que aquellos temas se tratan en obras exclusivas de tratados de emergencia fuera del entorno hospitalario.
Development of Visual Basic Application PPT Media Based on Cooperative Model Type of NHT to Increase Motivation and Mastery of Physics Concepts
Authors: Maryana Lisa , Hikmawati Hikmawati , Rokhmat Joni , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: September 2022

This development research aims to create a product in the form of Power Point Visual Basic Application (PPT VBA) media based on the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) cooperative model on valid, practical, and effective business and energy materials, so that it can be used to measure motivation and mastery of concepts. students at school. The type of research used is research and development (Research & Development) with the ADDIE model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques were obtained from the results of filling out the validation sheet by 6 validators, namely 3 expert validators and 3 practitioner validators using a Likert scale. Practicality is obtained from the results of student response questionnaires. Effectiveness was obtained from a learning motivation questionnaire and a concept mastery test. Validity is obtained from the results of the validity assessment by expert validators and practitioners, namely 84% and 89%, respectively, with very valid categories. Practicality is obtained from the results of the student response questionnaire with an average value of 99.45% in the very practical category and gets a positive response. The effectiveness is obtained from the results of the motivation questionnaire after learning with an average value of 71.09% in the high category and the results of the concept mastery test calculated using N-Gain getting an average value of 0.59 in the medium category. So that it can be concluded, the development of PPT Visual Basic Application media based on the cooperative model of the NHT type is valid, practical, and effective to increase learning motivation and mastery of students' concepts on business and energy materials in school learning
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Return to Sport: A Commentary on the Different Factors Impacting the Relation
Authors: Farhat Hadi
Published: September 2022

Since the 1960s and up until now, the diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury has been evolving. ACL injury is highly prevalent in contact sports such as the NBA and NFL. This critical commentary highlights the significant tests used throughout history to diagnose and treat ACL injury. The factors affecting the return to sports after this injury are also accentuated along with the possibility of getting a second ACL injury after return to play. Our commentary demonstrates the need for greater awareness of comorbidities because it is known that they affect how an ACL tear is treated.
Mastering the art of teaching as a doctor and how to make it easier done than said.
Authors: Singh Simranpreet
Published: September 2022

Being a doctor is often equated to being a teacher, primarily known for passing our clinical acumen to the ones behind, at the same level, or even higher than us on the career ladder. Being a doctor offers a fantastic opportunity to build teaching abilities, be it in medical school, residency, or even after being an attending physician. We become instructors as we pursue careers in medicine. While instructors interact with students often, many teaching opportunities are lost due to several common factors, including a lack of time, appreciation, proper structure, motivation, and a heavy clinical burden. But these challenges can be overcome by adequate compensation, self-reflection, enrolling in teaching training programs, considering as a teach-back method, and for developing critical thinking ability by indulging deeper into the subject matter as and when a question arises. Using different teaching methods in our learning experiences can go a long way in enhancing individual knowledge, skills, and attitudes of our students which results in better training of the medical professionals, leading to enhanced patient care and positive outcomes.
RESEARCH ON CREATING BLASTHOLE IN ROCK OR CONCRETE BY CYLINDRICAL SHAPED CHARGE WITH METAL CONICAL BOTTOM
Authors: Dam Trong Thang
Published: September 2022

Destroying rock or concrete by explosive charges inside the borehole is much more effective than the charges outside the obstacles. Therefore, the study on methods of creating blastholes with the shaped charge is very significant in practice. Based on the theoretical analysis on the process of forming the piercing flow of the cylinedercad shaped charge with a metal lined funnel and explosive hydrodynamic theory, in the paper is established the method of calculating the parameters of depth and diameter of piercing holes formed in obstructions when exploding the shaped charges. Combining the design, producing of a the cylindrical shaped charge model with a steel lined funnel and conducting experiments to creates piercing holes in the B22.5 concrete block. The results are the size parameters of the piercing holes and value of specific energy for destroying concrete B22.5 under the piercing flow due to explosion. This result will be applied to calculate the piercing hole parameters when blasting in concrete or rock through the similitude effect of explosion method, in case of designing, using the shaped charge which is similary disegned in experimental models.
SYNDROME D'APNEES-HYPOPNEES OBSTRUCTIVES DU SOMMEIL
Authors: MALMARTEL A
Published: September 2022

En 2021, Le National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) a publié des recommandations concernant le syndrome d’apnées-hypopnées obstructives du sommeil (SAHOS)1. Les auteurs commencent par aborder la diversité de symptômes évocateurs de SAHOS. Il est possible de suspecter un SAHOS chez des patients ayant deux symptômes parmi les suivants : ronflements, apnées constatées, sommeil non réparateur, céphalées matinales, somnolence, fatigue, nycturie, sommeil fragmenté, troubles cognitifs. Il est recommandé de dépister en priorité les patients ayant un retentissement important, un risque professionnel (conducteurs, besoin d’être vigilant...) et/ou des comorbidités (cardiovasculaire, grossesse...).
Cinética de fósforo en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis.
Authors: Duran Juan Manuel , Gil Arredondo María Inés , Trinidad Ramos Pedro
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia is one of the factors associated with high mortality in patients with chronic renal failure in dialysis programs. The objective of the present study was to perform intra- and post-dialysis serum phosphorus (P) kinetics, taking into account factors such as dialysis time and extracorporeal flow (Qs).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2018 to January 2019. Baseline phosphate levels were analyzed at 60, 120, 180, and 240 intradialytic and 1 and 2 hours post-hemodialysis. A descriptive analysis was performed. Linear regression was performed to determine factors associated with post-hemodialysis serum P levels.
Results: 56 patients were included, 48 ± 13 years old, 30 women (53%), 46 with a catheter (82%), and 27 (48%) received treatment for 240 minutes. Qs of 300 ml/min in 11%, 350 ml/min in 65%, and 400 ml/min in 26% of cases. pH 7.3 ± 0.6, Hemoglobin 9.4 ±1.6 gr/dL. Basal P, at 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes, was 5.3, 3.5, 2.9, 2.7, and 2.6 mg/dl, respectively. The P at 60 and 120 minutes post-HD were 3.5 and 3.75 mg/dl, respectively. Factors associated with the phosphorus level at 120 min post hemodialysis were hemoglobin P=0.004, Standardized beta coefficient (CBE) 0.247 (95% CI 0.04-0219), and phosphorus removal at 240 min P=0.001, CBE=0.503, (CI95% 0.265-0.905).
Conclusions: The decrease in phosphate in the study group was 50.9%, with a rebound elevation at 2 hours of 21.82%. Hemoglobin above 11 gr/dl is a factor associated with hyperphosphataemia. The intensity of phosphorus removal at 240 minutes is associated with serum phosphorus levels.
Ateński filozof i angielski konwertyta wobec oskarżycieli. Obrona Sokratesa Platona i Apologia pro vita sua Johna H. Newmana jako przykłady apologii pro vita sua
Authors: Artemiuk Przemysław
Published: September 2022

Nowa apologia, ale także współczesna teologia fundamentalna widzi w platońskim dziele matrycę. Sokratesowi chodzi przecież o „niezmienne idee o znaczeniu moralnym”. Dlatego późniejsi apologeci, Justyn, Klemens Aleksandryjski, Orygenes, Augustyn, a w nowszych czasach J.H. Newman i G.K. Chesterton, broniąc własnych racji, wchodząc w spór ze światem, chętnie spoglądali na ateńskiego męża, który pierwszy zdecydował się na apologię pro vita sua, bo wiedział, że są rzeczy nienegocjowalne, których nie może zmienić żaden system polityczny. W prezentowanym artykule autor bada, na czym polega fenomen obrony Sokratesa i dlaczego tak silnie oddziałuje. Próbując znaleźć odpowiedzi na te kwestie, analizuje najpierw dzieło Platona, a potem sięga do dziewiętnastowiecznej Apologia pro vita sua J.H. Newmana, która stanowi w jakiś sposób naśladowanie obrony ateńczyka. Wnioski z analizowanych dzieł przedstawia w perspektywie teologii fundamentalnej.
Biblijne podstawy i historyczny ­rozwój katolickiej nauki o odpustach
Authors: Godlewski Karol Kajetan
Published: September 2022

Przy współczesnym, niemającym szerszych podstaw teologiczno-dogmatycznych, rozkwicie w Kościele wielu form duchowych praktyk mających na celu uwolnienie człowieka z konsekwencji popełnionych przez niego grzechów i umocnienie go na drodze wierności Ewangelii, szalenie ważną pozostaje kwestia przypominania o sakramentalium, które stanowią odpusty. Nie są one niezrozumiałym reliktem przeszłości ani jedynie pobożną praktyką ludową, ale solidnie umocowaną w tradycji i teologii formą sięgania po zbawcze owoce Paschy Chrystusa. Ich skuteczność w osobie spełniającej znamiona dyspozycyjności do uzyskania odpustu jest gwarantowana autorytetem złożonej w dłoniach Papieża władzy „związywania i rozwiązywania” (por. Mt 16). Wykazane to zostało w niniejszym artykule, na który składają się trzy rozdziały: Pojęcie odpustu, Biblijne uwarunkowania odpustów oraz Historia teologii odpustów.
Chrystologiczna orientacja kultu maryjnego według św. Jana Pawła II
Authors: Wojtczak Adam
Published: September 2022

Pontyfikat Jana Pawła II cechuje nauczanie maryjne bogate nie tylko w doktrynę, lecz także inspirujące z kultycznego punktu widzenia. Papieską domeną jest troska o chrystologiczną orientację pobożności maryjnej. W setną rocznicę urodzin papieża artykuł przybliża dlaczego chrystocentryzm przynależy do natury kultu maryjnego i w czym konkretnie się on przejawia. Zagadnienia te wyznaczają jego podstawową strukturę. Najpierw dochodzi do głosu formuła „Przez Jezusa do Maryi”, która równoważy tradycyjną formułę „Przez Maryję do Jezusa”. W kolejnym punkcie jest mowa o kontemplacji oblicza Chrystusa w „szkole” Maryi (Eucharystia i różaniec). Dla chrystologicznej odnowy pobożności maryjnej przydatny jest również model pośrednictwa maryjnego w Chrystusie (Maria in Christo Mediatrix), które jest macierzyńskie i podporządkowane Jego pośrednictwu. Papież Wojtyła jest ponadto świadkiem i nauczycielem synowskiego zawierzenia Maryi, które swe źródło ma w Chrystusie i do Niego ostatecznie prowadzi. Pożyteczne jest w końcu papieskie cum, które wyraża, że podążamy do Chrystusa nie tylko „za wzorem” Maryi, ale także „z” Maryją. Przewodnia rola w tym względzie przysługuje encyklikom Redemptoris Mater i Ecclesia de Eucharistia, listowi apostolskiemu Rosarium Virginis Mariae, katechezom maryjnym, jakie papież wygłosił w latach 1995-1997.
Thyroid Oncocytic (Hürthle Cell) Nodules With Longitudinal Nuclear Grooves: Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Genetic Study of 15 Cases
Authors: Suster David , Mackinnon Alexander Craig , Suster Saul
Published: September 2022

Context.—

Thyroid nodules with longitudinal nuclear grooves have been widely regarded as synonymous with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Objective.—

To study a series of cases of thyroid nodules that exhibited oncocytic (Hürthle cell) features and contained longitudinal nuclear grooves yet failed to display aggressive behavior or the full features of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Design.—

The clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic features of 15 patients with these features were studied. Next-generation sequencing was performed to examine 161 genes for oncogenic driver alterations associated with thyroid neoplasia.

Results.—

The lesions occurred in 11 women and 4 men aged 27 to 80 years and measured 0.2 to 2.3 cm in diameter (mean, 1.1 cm). The tumors were well circumscribed and noninvasive and showed a proliferation of large cells with abundant granular cytoplasm and centrally placed nuclei displaying scattered longitudinal nuclear grooves. Immunohistochemical stains were negative for HBME-1, galectin-3, and CK19 in all cases. NRAS pQ61R was detected in 6 cases, KRAS p.Q61E in 1 case, and AKT2 p.E17K in 1 case. None of the genetic changes classically associated with conventional PTC or with high-grade thyroid malignant neoplasms were identified. Clinical follow-up in 9 patients showed no evidence of recurrence or metastases between 2 and 13 years (mean, 5.7 years).

Conclusions.—

Longitudinal nuclear grooves can be occasionally encountered in oncocytic (Hürthle cell) tumors and should not lead to a diagnosis of PTC in the absence of other features supporting that diagnosis.
Perception on phone medical report to family members of patients admitted by COVID-19 to emergency observation rooms of a tertiary hospital: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Vásquez-Alva Rolando , Ruiz-Arias Raúl A. , Bernui-Bobadilla Faria P. , Roldán-López Julio R. , Zamora-Chávez Sara C. , Lara-Paredes Andrea M. , Méndez-García Omar
Published: September 2022

Introduction Medical reports of patients admitted to the emergency services has been modified due to the social distancing needed in the COVID-19 epidemic. For this reason, it is essential to know the family members' perceptions about telephone medical reports. Objective To determine the perception of care by family members of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 on telephone medical reports in a tertiary hospital's emergency room in Lima, Peru. Methods A non-experimental cross-sectional study, through a survey of family members of patients with COVID-19 admitted during July and August 2020. The "External user satisfaction survey of the Ministry of Health" adapted to this setting was used due to the absence of similar studies. Information, respect for the user, efficiency, accessibility, suitability, security, and overall satisfaction were considered. The sample size for finite populations was selected from 2 936 family members, obtaining 347 surveys from 641 calls. Relatives were called by phone, and after acceptance, the survey was sent to them via WhatsApp in Google Forms format. Once the survey was received, it was analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. Results We made 641 telephone calls with a response rate of 54.1%, obtaining 347 surveys. The mean age was 40.12 years (standard deviation: 11.93 years), with 61.4% of females and 38.0% married. We found that 65.1% received higher education and that Chorrillos was the most prevalent district (10.1%). Moreover, 42.4% of those surveyed were children of hospitalized patients, 17.3% were spouses, and 85% were not health personnel. We found a high level of agreement in overall satisfaction (73.2%) and in most dimensions, including information (88.8%), respect for the user (82.1%), efficiency (70.3%), accessibility (75.8%), suitability (79.0%), and security (87.9%). Conclusion The telephone medical reports to relatives of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 in the emergency room found an overall satisfaction of 73.2% . Telephone medical reports are essential alternatives to improve the quality of care during the COVID-19 epidemic.
The importance of making a rational business decision of top management in agricultural companies in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Arnautović Ivan , Davidov Tatjana , Nastić Sanda , Popović Slobodan
Published: September 2022

The importance of making a rational business decision by top management in agricultural enterprises should be viewed as an ongoing process. The process of rational business decision-making is of special importance for the business of companies that carry out most of their business in activities that do not have a high degree of capital turnover, i.e. in activities that depend on the great influence of natural factors on production such as agriculture. The authors point out that the process of making a rational business decision begins with making a valid management decision by top management. The implementation of a valid business decision in all parts of the company is of great importance to be implemented immediately because any delay in its implementation costs the company. The IT sector of the company can help speed up the implementation of the business decision of the top management, because it has the technical conditions to immediately include innovative business decisions in the business system in all sectors in the agricultural company. As a special support for the implementation of business decision-making is the previous adoption of a valid organizational scheme in the company.
Microscopía aplicada a las ciencias forenses
Authors: Ubero-Pascal Nicolás
Published: September 2022

Este texto guía comprende el conjunto de conocimientos y actividades que los estudiantes que cursen la asignatura (4551) Microscopía aplicada a las ciencias forenses, del Máster universitario en ciencias forenses, deberán conocer y saber desarrollar. Se encuentra estructurado en un bloque teórico, que consta de cinco temas, y un bloque práctico constituido por 6 actividades prácticas y un caso práctico. En esta asignatura, los estudiantes aprenderán conceptos y técnicas de microscopía mientras resuelven un caso de índole forense, situándoles en un contexto formativo lo más cercano a la realidad laboral.
ПРЕГЛЕД ДОСАДАШЊИХ ИСТРАЖИВАЊА ДЕФОРМИТЕТА КИЧМЕНОГ СТУБА У ПРЕДШКОЛСКОМ УЗРАСТУ
Authors: Стојановић Јелена , Јањушевић Малина , Малић Наташа , Бешлић Ана
Published: September 2022

Савремени начин живота предшколске дјеце чини све мање бављење физичком активношћу и све дужи период сједења испред телевизора или компјутера. Овакав начин живота не доприноси дјечијем правилном расту и развоју, јер се узраст измећу прве и седме године сматра критичним за развој кичменог стуба. Узроци који још доприносе деформитету кичме су дуготрајно неправилно сједење, неисправан положај кичме и слабост абдоминалних мишића. За успјех у лијечењу постуралних поремећаја важна је рана дијагноза, надгледање, лијечење и правилни режим вјежбања. Редовне контроле спречавају појаву тежих деформитета кичме. Истраживања разних аутора, страних и домаћих, показали су различите резултате поводом деформитета кичменог стуба дјеце предшколског узраста, указују да постурални поремећаји постају глобални проблем данашњице. Најчешћи вид деформитета јесте сколиоза. Циљ овог рада јесте преглед досадашњих истраживања деформитета кичменог стуба код дјеце предшколског узраста.
To what extent can intuitionistic fuzzy options be ranked?
Authors:   Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Szmidt Eulalia ,   Warsaw School of Information Technology, Kacprzyk Janusz ,   Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences,   Warsaw School of Information Technology, Bujnowski Paweł ,   Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we continue our considerations concerning the ranking of intuitionistic fuzzy alternatives (options, variants, ...). We complete our previous considerations by showing in another way why the method proposed by us gives proper results. We stress when the method should be applied and emphasize its transparency.
Foveal vision anticipates defining features of eye movement targets
Authors: Kroell Lisa M , Rolfs Martin
Published: September 2022

High-acuity foveal processing is vital for human vision. Nonetheless, little is known about how the preparation of large-scale rapid eye movements (saccades) affects visual sensitivity in the center of gaze. Based on findings from passive fixation tasks, we hypothesized that during saccade preparation, foveal processing anticipates soon-to-be fixated visual features. Using a dynamic large-field noise paradigm, we indeed demonstrate that defining features of an eye movement target are enhanced in the pre-saccadic center of gaze. Enhancement manifested as higher Hit Rates for foveal probes with target-congruent orientation and a sensitization to incidental, target-like orientation information in foveally presented noise. Enhancement was spatially confined to the center of gaze and its immediate vicinity, even after parafoveal task performance had been raised to a foveal level. Moreover, foveal enhancement during saccade preparation was more pronounced and developed faster than enhancement during passive fixation. Based on these findings, we suggest a crucial contribution of foveal processing to trans-saccadic visual continuity: Foveal processing of saccade targets commences before the movement is executed and thereby enables a seamless transition once the center of gaze reaches the target.
GENESPACE tracks regions of interest and gene copy number variation across multiple genomes
Authors: Lovell John T , Sreedasyam Avinash , Schranz M Eric , Wilson Melissa , Carlson Joseph W , Harkess Alex , Emms David , Goodstein David M , Schmutz Jeremy
Published: September 2022

The development of multiple chromosome-scale reference genome sequences in many taxonomic groups has yielded a high-resolution view of the patterns and processes of molecular evolution. Nonetheless, leveraging information across multiple genomes remains a significant challenge in nearly all eukaryotic systems. These challenges range from studying the evolution of chromosome structure, to finding candidate genes for quantitative trait loci, to testing hypotheses about speciation and adaptation. Here, we present GENESPACE, which addresses these challenges by integrating conserved gene order and orthology to define the expected physical position of all genes across multiple genomes. We demonstrate this utility by dissecting presence–absence, copy-number, and structural variation at three levels of biological organization: spanning 300 million years of vertebrate sex chromosome evolution, across the diversity of the Poaceae (grass) plant family, and among 26 maize cultivars. The methods to build and visualize syntenic orthology in the GENESPACE R package offer a significant addition to existing gene family and synteny programs, especially in polyploid, outbred, and other complex genomes.
Two novices' impressions from the PKP Sprint in Helsinki, 15th–16th of June 2022
Authors: Didriksen John David , Nilssen Rune
Published: September 2022

The present paper is a brief overview of our impressions of the PKP Sprint in Helsinki, 15th–16th of June 2022. Main focus will be on the groups where we were present. We hope the paper can be of use for those who have not yet attended a PKP sprint, and maybe an encouragement to sign up when there is a chance.
Genome-wide identification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and expression analysis in response to phytohormones and abiotic stresses
Authors: Liu Kehong , Zhou Yan
Published: September 2022

Background

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an essential enzyme for synthesizing trehalose and is a significant regulator of plant development and stress response. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is an economically important fruit tree crop and a common transgenic material. At present, little information is available about the TPS gene family in sweet orange.

Methods

The TPS gene family were identified from sweet orange genome by bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, the expression of CisTPS genes was analyzed under phytohormones and abiotic stresses by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results

Here, eight TPS genes were identified and were found to be randomly distributed in five sweet orange chromosomes. TPS and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) domains were observed in all CisTPS proteins. The phylogenetic tree showed that CisTPS genes were divided into two subfamilies, and genes in each subfamily had conserved intron structures and motif compositions. The cis-acting elements of CisTPS genes suggested their roles in phytohormone and stress responses. All CisTPS genes were ubiquitously expressed in roots, leaves, and stems, and six members were highly expressed in roots. Expression profiles showed that CisTPS genes exhibited tissue specificity and were differentially expressed in response to phytohormones and abiotic stresses. This study lays a foundation for revealing the functions of the TPS gene family in trehalose regulation in sweet orange, and provides a valuable reference for this gene family in other plants.
Taxonomy and labeling of errors in the use of Spanish as a foreign language
Authors:   Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Comunicación, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Belda Torrijos Mónica
Published: September 2022

In recent decades, a growing interest in learning Spanish as a foreign language has grown. The impact of socioeconomic and sociocultural events on Spanish society (internationalization of the Spanish economy, opening of Cervantes Institute, Erasmus students, linguistic tourism, and an increased interest in Spanish culture) has led to new lines of research derived from the teaching of Spanish as foreign language. The article we present tries to serve as a guide for teachers to be able to diagnose, classify and solve the characteristic problems of learners of Spanish. The phonetic, morphological, lexical, grammatical and pragmatic peculiarities of their mother tongue interfere and hinder the process of learning Spanish. The research is oriented in its different stages to collect, analyze and provide results from written compositions in students’ blogs. Specifically, the research aims at the design of a methodology based on the principles of corpus linguistics in its different stages, from the corpus compilation, its labeling (identification and classification of mistakes) and note taking until the extraction of the results. The main result is the creation of a taxonomy and its labeling subdivided into four major subsections: lexical, grammatical, discursive and graphical errors.
El uso de anglicismos en canciones del género reggaetón
Authors:   Facultad de Lenguas Extranjeras, Universidad de Oriente, Blanco Castillo Yuliet , Rivero Cruz Lizandra ,   Facultad de Lenguas Extranjeras, Universidad de Oriente
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo aborda un estudio de los anglicismos presentes en la composición del texto musical del género reggaetón en la provincia Santiago de Cuba. Tiene como objetivo principal demostrar la efectividad del análisis lingü.stico de anglicismos en las canciones de este género musical. La novedad del artículo radica en la integración de los niveles formal, semántico y sociocultural, aplicados a los términos en inglés presentes en los textos musicales seleccionados, lo que permite utilizar este conocimiento por el docente para contribuir a la formación estético-humanística de los estudiantes de lenguas extranjeras.
Cohesion and coherence shift in Jabra’s translation of Hamlet
Authors:   Translation Department, Faculty of Arts, Yarmouk University, Al-Harahsheh Ahmad Mohammad
Published: September 2022

This research aims at studying the cohesion and coherence shifts in Jabra’s translation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet in Arabic. A translator is a mediator between the source text (ST) and the target readers who expect an adequate and a coherent translation of the ST. The shift of cohesion and coherence can disrupt the continuity of the target text (TT). The sample of the research consisted of 172 lines taken from different acts and scenes involving potential problems in cohesion and coherence from Shakespeare’s Hamlet, translated by Jabra Ibrahim Jabra. Blum-Kulka’s approach of cohesion and coherence shifts in translation was employed as a theoretical framework. The data analysis was based on meaning shift and explicitness shift in discourse and their effects on the continuity and understanding of the TT. The study concluded that the shift of cohesion and coherence in translation does not only affect the continuity of thoughts and events but disrupts the understanding of the target readers as well.
Insights into Iranian younger audience of Persian amateur subtitling: a reception study
Authors:   Department of English, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ameri Saeed , Khoshsaligheh Masood ,   Department of English, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Published: September 2022

In today’s digital culture, amateur as a type of non-professional subtitling has mushroomed worldwide and has arguably challenged conventional practices of audiovisual translation. The contemporary digital mediascape has provided an opportunity for audiences to access a wide variety of audiovisual content through multiple translation modes. The aim of this study is twofold. It examines Iranian younger viewers’ audiovisual translation viewing habits and preferences and explores their reception and assessment of Persian amateur subtitling. A selection of 132 Iranian participants attended the study to watch an entire episode of an English television comedy with Persian amateur subtitles. A questionnaire and semistructured interviews were used to collect data on viewers’ audiovisual translation viewing habits and their reception of the subtitled episode. Findings suggest that a large number of the users prefer to watch audiovisual content with subtitles created and distributed by non-professionals. The results of the experiment indicate the viewers’ positive attitudes and perceptions towards amateur subtitles. On the basis of the empirical evidence, it can be argued that the Iranian audience, who had grown up accustomed to dubbing, have now become acclimatized to subtitling. Other evidence is indicative of the viewers’ positive experience and appraisal of Persian amateur subtitling.
Tampering with the absurd genre: the translation of Waiting for Godot as an example
Authors:   The Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning, The English Department, Najah National University, Karim Daragmeh Abdel
Published: September 2022

This study, which follows the analytical, comparative and qualitative methodologies, investigates the translation of stage direction signs in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot into Arabic. The article, a close analysis of the nonverbal signs, explains the relevance of these semiotics and their thematic functions, and compares them with those of Fayez Iskandar’s translation of the play text. The researchers assess Iskandar’s translation outcomes, identify and classify the effectiveness of the translation methods, employed by Iskandar, in maintaining the dysfunctional sign system and the incongruous relations within the play.
Ecological Risk Assessment of Oil Spill Events Using a Coupled Geospatial and Weight of Evidence Data-Process Model
Authors: Mbaoma Oliver Chinonso , Edjere Oghenekohwiroro , Akinpelu Peculiar , Shittu Ridwan Adeyemi , Serian Onadipe
Published: September 2022

This research work applied geospatial and weight of evidence approach to ecological risk assessment for quantifying environmental exposure to oil pollution in the Niger Delta. Spatial data for Pipelines, Oil spills and Land Cover were used to quantify the extent of Ecological resources exposed to oil pollution using a data-process model. Regional scale risk assessment was done using the combination of geospatial and statistical approaches. Hotspot and Proximity analysis were used for geospatial analysis while weight of evidence was adopted for statistical computation.   Ecological resources were identified from land cover maps and ranked according to their perceived importance. Hotspots of oil spill incidents were determined using spatial autocorrelation. Ecological resource vulnerability was determined using buffer zoning of 5 km and 10 km respectively as high and low risk zones, with sample maps made to show extents of resources at risk. Areal extent of ecological resources at risk were calculated and standardized for each of the delineated buffer zones. An aggregate of the weight of each ecological resources and area was computed to categorize the risk as either high, medium or low. This study has successfully assembled and produced relevant spatial and attribute data sets and applied integrated geostatistical analytical techniques to understand the distribution and impacts of oil spills in the Niger Delta. The procedure was seen as an alternative to existing management processes used for monitoring and management of oil spill events.
Effect of Manure and Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Pipali (Piper longum) in Assam Conditions
Authors: Saud Bijit Kr. , Kaman Pranjal Kr.
Published: September 2022

An experiment was conducted in the Experimental Farm Garden, at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to see the influence of manure and fertilizers on growth and yield of Pipali (Piper longum) in Assam conditions. Result revealed that maximum yield (576.25kg/ha dry) was obtained when  manure and fertilizers was applied @ 175:75:75 kg ha-1(NPK) + FYM 10 ha-1 + Neem cake 5q ha-1 and minimum yield of (318.67 Kg/ha dry) when only manure @  FYM 10 ha-1 was applied in field. Hence, we conclude that the long pepper is an organic matter and fertilizer loving crop and application of higher levels of organic manures and fertilizers improved both plant and soil nutrient status.
Effect of Nitrogen Levels and Seaweed Extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) on Growth and Yield of Summer Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Jerusha Bhetala Magi , Singh Shikha
Published: September 2022

The trail was conducted in Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy of Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P), during Zaid 2022. The experiment consists of three Nitrogen levels i.e., 50%, 75% and 100% N along with Seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) applied at different Concentration i.e., 5%, 10% and 15%. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block Design with ten treatments each replicated thrice. The results showed that plant height (165.73 cm) and dry weight (88.13 g/plant), were recorded significantly highest in the treatment 7 which is with the application of 100% Nitrogen + 15% K-sap as compared to all other treatments. The significantly highest number of cobs/plant (3), number of rows/cob (14.47), grains/row (28.27), grain yield (4.05 t/ha), stover yield (15.37 t/ha), and seed index (26.2) were recorded with application of 100% Nitrogen + 15% K-sap as compared to all other treatments.
Interaction Effect of Sulphur and Boron on Growth Characteristics, Yield Components and Productivity Parameters of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under Rainfed Condition of Chitrakoot Region
Authors: Sinha Twinkal , Mishra Ashutosh , Mishra U. S. , Sachan Ravindra , Singh Deeksha
Published: September 2022

The field experiment was conducted during fall season of 2020–21 at Mahatma Gandhi Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya Chitrakoot, Satna (M.P.) to evaluate the effect of sulphur and boron on growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under rainfed condition of Chitrakoot area. The experimental soil is sandy loam in texture having medium status of available sulphur and available boron. The experiment consists of 9 treatments combinations in factorial randomized block design with three replications consisted of three levels of sulphur (0, 30 and 40 kg ha-1), three boron levels (0, 2 ppm one spray and 2 ppm two spray). Mustard variety Pusa Mahak was grown with the recommended agronomic practices. On the basis of the results emanated from present investigation, it could be concluded that application of 40 kg S ha-1 + Two spray (2ppm boron) 40 DAS applied on mustard significantly increases growth parameter i.e. plant height, no. of leaves and no. of branches; yield attributes i.e. number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000 seed weight (gm). Results showed that among the different fertility levels, application of 40 kg S ha-1 + Two spray (2ppm boron) 40 DAS significantly enhanced productivity parameter i.e. seed yield (kg ha-1) and stalk yield over the control.
Effect of Phosphorus and Sulphur Levels on Growth, Nodulation and Yield of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] in South-Eastern Part of Rajasthan
Authors: Manoj . , Sharma M. K. , Meena Harphool , Yadav Rajendra K. , Yadav Vinod K. , Danga Sangeeta , Ghasil Bahnu Pratap , Yadav Pinky , Prakash Gaurav
Published: September 2022

An experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Ummedganj, Kota during kharif, 2021. The twelve treatment combinations comprised of four levels of phosphorus viz., 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1 allocated in main plots and three levels of sulphur viz., 15, 30 and 45 kg ha-1 in sub plots. Results showed that application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 had significant effect on plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest, number of total root nodules plant-1, effective root nodules plant-1 and dry weight of root nodules at 45 DAS, chlorophyll content at 45 DAS and leaf area index at 50 DAS of soybean over application of 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and control but it was found at par with 40 kg P2O5 ha-1. The maximum seed yield (1942 kg ha-1) and straw (3305 kg ha-1) yield of soybean were recorded under application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 over application of 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and control but it was found at par with 40 kg P2O5 ha-1. Significantly higher plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest, number of total root nodules plant-1, effective root nodules plant-1 and their dry weight at 45 DAS, chlorophyll content at 45 DAS, leaf area index at 50 DAS, seed yield (1870 kg ha-1) and straw yield (3179 kg ha-1) of soybean were recorded under application of 45 kg sulphur ha-1 which was found at par with 30 kg sulphur ha-1  and both these sulphur levels gave significant increase over application of 15 kg sulphur ha-1.