bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perpindahan Wali Nasab ke Wali Hakim Karena Wali Adhal dalam Penetapan Pengadilan Agama Kuningan No. 311/PDT P/2022/PA.kng
Authors: Hidayat Yayat , Prasetya Ningrum Indah
Published: July 2024

A marriage (parental) guardian is one of the legal requirements for marriage. Thus, any woman who marries without her guardian's permission is invalid. However, problems arise when the parental guardian is reluctant (adhal) to marry the prospective bride to the groom. The purpose of this research is to find out how the transfer of the parental guardian to the magistrate guardian is determined due to the guardian’s reluctancy (adhal) case number 311/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kng. as well as Islamic law review on the judgment of the transfer of a parental guardian to a magistrate guardian due to the guardian’s reluctancy (adhal) based on the Fiqh Muqoronah perspective, case number 311/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kng. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive data collection technique. The type of research used is field research. The data sources used are primary and secondary data sources. The data collection techniques used are interviews and documentation. The data analysis used is qualitative data analysis. The obtained data are then reduced, presented, and concluded using descriptive analysis techniques. The conclusions of the research are as follows: (1) Regarding case number 311/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kng, the Kuningan Religious Court decided to grant the petitioner's request, by appointing the KUA (religious court) as magistrate guardian in place of the parental guardian due to the guardian’s reluctancy (adhal). Based on Islamic law, there is no prohibition between the petitioner and her prospective husband from getting married, because there is no mahram or consanguineous relationship between them. The solution is that these matters should be determined immediately to avoid problems that may arise. (2) Review of Islamic law regarding the judgment of the transfer of a parental guardian to a magistrate guardian due to the guardian’s reluctancy (adhal) based on the Fiqh Muqoronah perspective in the Study of the Judgment of the Kuningan Religious Court Number 311/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kng, shows that it is in line with the Imam Madzhab, namely the Maliki Madzhab, Asy-Syafii, and Hanbali. According to the majority of Imam Madzhab, if the guardian refuses to marry the bride to the groom even though he is the mujbir guardian, then the magistrate guardian is the one who marries the bride to the groom. This is caused by a situation where the rights of guardian are attached to him, namely the petitioner's older brother, but his rights as guardian are terminated due to circumstances. Meanwhile, based on the perspective of the Hanafi Madzhab, in the case of a guardian’s reluctancy (adhal), it is like an invisible guardian. If the guardian is not present, then the guardianship rights are transferred to the ashabah guardian who has a further relationship according to the composition of the guardian.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHÁNG NẤM ĐỒ CỦA PHỨC BỘ TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM VÀ TRICHOPHYTON MENTAGROPHYTES
Authors: Thạch Thị Diễm Phương Thạch Thị Diễm Phương , Trần Phủ Mạnh Siêu Trần Phủ Mạnh Siêu , Phùng Đức Truyền Phùng Đức Truyền , Tăng Tuấn Hải Tăng Tuấn Hải , Nguyễn Thị Kim Quyên Nguyễn Thị Kim Quyên , La Mộng Thúy La Mộng Thúy
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Kháng nấm đồ của vi nấm ngoài da với các thuốc kháng nấm hiện hành vẫn chưa được khảo sát thường xuyên tại Việt Nam. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Khảo sát đặc điểm kháng nấm đồ của vi nấm ngoài da đối với các thuốc kháng nấm hiện hành. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu in-vitro được tiến hành trên 129 mẫu vi nấm ngoài da lưu trữ tại Bộ môn Vi sinh học – Ký sinh học, Khoa Y, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Vi nấm được nuôi cấy trên thạch Sabouraud đường và định danh dựa trên đặc điểm hình thái. Kháng nấm đồ với itraconazole, fluconazole và griseofulvin được khảo sát bằng kỹ thuật đĩa khuếch tán trên thạch. Đường kính vòng kháng nấm ở ngày thứ 5 được đo bằng thước cặp. Chúng tôi xử lý số liệu bằng phần mềm SPSS 25. Kết quả: Phức bộ Trichophyton rubrum chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (51.9%). Cả phức bộ T. rubrum và T. mentagrophytes đều có tỷ lệ nhạy cảm cao với itraconazole và griseofulvin, trong khi fluconazole biểu hiện đề kháng với hầu hết chủng vi nấm ngoài da. Đường kính kháng nấm itraconazole và griseofulvin của phức bộ T. mentagrophytes thấp hơn đáng kể so với phức bộ T. rubrum (p < 0.05). Kết luận: Thuốc itraconazole và griseofulvin có độ nhạy cao với các vi nấm Trichophyton spp.; sự khác biệt về đường kính kháng nấm giữa hai phức bộ T. rubrum và T. mentagrophytes gợi ý các cơ chế đề kháng thuốc khác nhau ở các phức bộ.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ CHĂM SÓC ĐIỀU TRỊ TRẺ SƠ SINH SUY HÔ HẤP THỞ MÁY TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1 VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN NĂM 2023
Authors: Võ Ngọc Thanh Thiên Võ Ngọc Thanh Thiên
Published: July 2024

Thở máy là một giải pháp cần thiết để hỗ trợ hô hấp cho trẻ sơ sinh bị suy hô hấp. Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả trên 518 trẻ sơ sinh suy hô hấp tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 1 từ tháng 05 đến 09/2023. Mục tiêu (1) Xác định tỷ lệ trẻ sơ sinh suy hô hấp có thở máy (2) Xác định tỷ lệ kết quả chăm sóc điều trị trẻ sơ sinh suy hô hấp thở máy (3) Xác định các yếu tố liên quan đến kết quả chăm sóc điều trị trẻ sơ sinh suy hô hấp thở máy. Kết quả: Trong tổng số 518 trẻ suy hô hấp: Có 8.3% thở máy xâm lấn và 14.3% thở máy không xâm lấn. Trong số 117 trẻ có thở máy: có 68.4% nằm viện ≥ 14 ngày; có 98.3% thở máy thành công (xuất viện ổn); có 53.8% trường hợp xảy ra biến cố bất lợi gồm: Tràn khí màng phổi 0.8%, Tụt nội khí quản 9.3%, Tổn thương niêm mạc đường hô hấp 9.3%, Thở máy kéo dài 35.6%, Tổn thương da 41.0%. Mô hình hồi quy đa biến ghi nhận các yếu tố liên quan đến biến cố bất lợi bao gồm tình trạng hô hấp khi nhập viện (PR = 0.65, p = 0.034); chiều dài trẻ (PR = 1.82, p = 0.007); đặt catheter tĩnh mạch trung tâm (PR = 2.88, p < 0.001). Kết luận: Các biến chứng trong quá trình thở máy cần được quan tâm hơn.
NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP ĐƯỢC ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN GIA AN 115 NĂM 2023 – 2024
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Kiều Lam Nguyễn Thị Kiều Lam , Huỳnh Thị Phượng Huỳnh Thị Phượng , Lê Nhân Tuấn Lê Nhân Tuấn
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Tăng huyết áp gây ra nhiều biến chứng nguy hiểm như nhồi máu cơ tim, đột quỵ não, suy tim, suy thận mạn. Người bệnh điều trị đạt huyết áp mục tiêu giúp ngăn ngừa các biến chứng, giảm tỷ lệ tử vong, ngăn ngừa và phục hồi tổn thương cơ quan đích. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu Khảo sát tỷ lệ người bệnh tăng huyết áp được điều trị ổn định huyết áp mục tiêu và một số yếu tố liên quan đến việc ổn định huyết áp mục tiêu ở người bệnh tăng huyết áp điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Gia An 115năm 2023 – 2024. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Người bệnh từ trên 18 tuổi, có chẩn đoán tăng huyết áp đang được điều trị tăng huyết áp tại Khoa Khám bệnh Bệnh viện Gia An 115 từ tháng 05 đến tháng 06 năm 2023. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang với cỡ mẫu nghiên cứu 403 mẫu. Sử dụng phương pháp chọn mẫu thuận tiện. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ người bệnh tăng huyết áp đạt huyết áp mục tiêu là 84.6%. Có mối liên quan có thống kê giữa đạt huyết áp mục tiêu và tình trạng tham gia bảo hiểm (PR = 2.40, KTC 95% 1.35 – 4.27, p = 0.003). Có mối liên quan có thống kê giữa đạt huyết áp mục tiêu và nơi ở (PR=2.6, KTC 95% 1.29 – 5.22, p = 0.007). Kết luận: Tỷ lệ người bệnh tăng huyết áp đạt huyết áp mục tiêu là 84.6%.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ NHU CẦU CHĂM SÓC CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH UNG THƯ BIỂU MÔ TẾ BÀO GAN ĐƯỢC ĐIỀU TRỊ BẰNG NÚT MẠCH HÓA CHẤT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHỢ RẪY NĂM 2023
Authors: Hoàng Thi Đức , Mai Anh Lợi Mai Anh Lợi , Nguyễn Thị Kim Bằng Nguyễn Thị Kim Bằng , Nguyễn Hải Nam Nguyễn Hải Nam , Phạm Thị Thanh Loan Phạm Thị Thanh Loan , Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Hoa Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Hoa , Phạm Thị Ngọc Thảo Phạm Thị Ngọc Thảo , Huỳnh Thị Bích Trâm Huỳnh Thị Bích Trâm
Published: July 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng và nhu cầu hỗ trợ chăm sóc tại nhà của người bệnh ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan (UTBMTBG) được điều trị bằng phương pháp nút mạch hóa chất tại Bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy vào năm 2023 nhằm xây dựng quy trình chăm sóc liên tục cho người bệnh ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan điều trị bằng phương pháp nút mạch hóa chất ( TACE) sau khi xuất viện. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu cỡ mẫu 139 người bệnh UTBMTBG đang điều trị nội trú tại khoa U gan Bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy Tp. Hồ Chí Minh trong khoảng thời gian từ tháng 1 năm 2023 đến tháng 8 năm 2023 bằng phương pháp TACE được phỏng vấn trực tiếp dựa trên bộ câu hỏi soạn sẵn. Kết quả: Triệu chứng thường gặp của 139 người bệnh được ghi nhận sau điều trị TACE là đau chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (72.66%), lần lượt các triệu chứng khác cũng chiếm tỉ lệ mệt mỏi (58.27%); chán ăn (46.76%); sốt (38.85%); táo bón (36.69%), rối loạn giấc ngủ (28.78%), ngoài ra các triệu chứng buồn nôn (18.71%), nôn (13.67%). Nhóm ghi nhận điểm đau trung bình là 2.91 (± 0.78) điểm, nhiệt độ khi sốt trung bình được ghi nhận là 37.8 (± 0.43) độ C, số lần nôn trung bình là 3.79 (± 2.07) lần. Nghiên cứu cho thấy nhu cầu hỗ trợ chăm sóc của người bệnh được xem xét qua 10 nhu cầu, trong đó nhu cầu được động viên, khích lệ từ những thành viên trong gia đình là có tỷ lệ cao nhất 73.38%. Tiếp theo có tỷ lệ lần lượt là là nhu cầu khi đau (46.0%), nhu cầu khi gặp khó khăn đi lại (35.25), nhu cầu khi sốt (33.81%); nhu cầu khi cần tư vấn về dinh dưỡng (32.37%), nhu cầu hỗ trợ khi buồn nôn, nôn (27.34%), nhu cầu hỗ trợ điều trị từ các bác sĩ/ điều dưỡng có chuyên môn cao (26.62%), nhu cầu nhận hỗ trợ để tự chăm sóc được bản thân (26.62%), nhu cầu hỗ trợ khi táo bón (21.58%), nhu cầu cần hỗ trợ khi người bệnh khó ngủ, mất ngủ (17.99%). Kết luận: Đặc điểm lâm sàng người bệnh sau TACE trong nghiên cứu ghi nhận kết quả tỷ lệ đau chiếm khá cao (72.66%) trong các triệu chứng mệt mỏi, chán ăn, sốt, táo bón, nôn, buồn nôn, rối loạn giấc ngủ. Nhu cầu hỗ trợ, chăm sóc của người bệnh UTBMTBG sau đợt điều trị TACE được xuất viện về nhà rất đa dạng và cần thiết. Chúng ta cần xây dựng một quy trình chăm sóc liên tục nhằm giảm mất kết nối giữa người bệnh và bệnh viện.
TỶ LỆ VÀ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN NHIỄM TOXOCARA CANIS TẠI PHÒNG KHÁM BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC 1 THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Phi Anh Nguyễn Ngọc Phi Anh , Trần Thị Kim Dung Trần Thị Kim Dung , Huỳnh Thị Thu Thảo Huỳnh Thị Thu Thảo
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó có xu hướng gia tăng trong thời gian gần đây do sự thay đổi trong thói quen sinh hoạt. Tuy nhiên, các nghiên cứu về tỷ lệ  và yếu tố nguy cơ mắc bệnh chưa nhiều, đặc biệt khu vực phía Nam. Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ mắc và yếu tố nguy cơ mắc bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó. Đối tượng, phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang tiến cứu được thực hiện tại phòng khám Bệnh viện Đại học Y Dược 1 Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh từ 12/2022 đến 10/2023. Bệnh nhân ngoại trú nghi ngờ mắc bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó sẽ được đánh giá lâm sàng, xét nghiệm huyết thanh chẩn đoán Toxocara IgG. Tỷ lệ, tỉ số chênh giữa nhóm nhiễm và không nhiễm Toxocara canis được xác định. Kết quả: 92 bệnh nghi ngờ nhiễm được thu tuyển vào nghiên cứu. Tỷ lệ huyết thanh dương tính với Toxocara canis là 48.9% (45/92). Các hành vi nguy cơ có liên quan đến dễ mắc bệnh bao gồm: tiếp xúc đất, bồng bế chó và không rửa tay sau khi tiếp xúc với chó. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ nhiễm bệnh ấu trùng giun đũa chó khá phổ biến, cần hạn chế các hành vi nguy cơ như tiếp xúc đất, bồng bế chó và không rửa tay sau khi tiếp xúc với chó.
CƠ CHẾ HÍT DÍNH CỦA PHỤC HÌNH THÁO LẮP TOÀN HÀM HÀM DƯỚI: BÁO CÁO CA LÂM SÀNG
Authors: Trần Ngọc Quý Nhân Trần Ngọc Quý Nhân , Đặng Thị Phương Thảo Đặng Thị Phương Thảo , Phan Trần Nhật Minh Phan Trần Nhật Minh , Dương Ngọc Trác Dương Ngọc Trác , Phạm Nguyên Quân Phạm Nguyên Quân , Trịnh Minh Trí Trịnh Minh Trí
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Báo cáo ca lâm sàng này đề cập đến những vấn đề cần cân nhắc, kỹ thuật, ưu điểm và hạn chế liên quan đến việc thực hiện phục hình tháo lắp ở những ca sống hàm tiêu nhiều. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Bệnh nhân nam, 86 tuổi đến với phòng khám HIU Clinic với tình trạng mất răng toàn hàm hàm trên và các răng sau hàm dưới. Hàm giả tháo lắp hàm trên không thẩm mĩ và thường xuyên rớt khi ăn nhai, nói, cười, không những không thể ăn uống ngon miệng mà còn ảnh hưởng tới tâm lý khi ông luôn cảm thấy tự ti về hàm răng của mình. Hàm dưới bám dính kém, lỏng lẻo khi sử dụng, cần sự trợ giúp của keo dán hàm, mòn mặt nhai làm ông không còn thích nghi với  hàm cũ. Bệnh nhân mong muốn làm lại hàm giả mới để ăn nhai tốt hơn. Bệnh nhân còn nhiều chân răng hàm dưới, cụ thể là các chân răng 44, 43, 41, 33, 34, 35 nhưng vì lý do sức khỏe toàn thân không đảm bảo nên không thể nhổ chân răng. Qua nghiên cứu kỹ lưỡng tình trạng của bệnh nhân cùng sự tư vấn tân tình của giảng viên hướng dẫn, chúng tôi lựa chọn tạm thời làm phục hình tháo lắp toàn hàm. Bệnh nhân được điều trị qua các bước lâm sàng với kĩ thuật lấy dấu đóng miệng (closed-mouth technique) và sắp răng theo khoảng trung hòa (neutral zone) để để tạo sự hít dính cho hàm dưới. Bệnh nhân được tái khám 3 tháng sau điều trị để đánh giá chức năng của răng trụ đơn lẻ trong việc nhai và phát âm. Kết luận: Việc sử dụng kĩ thuật lấy dấu đóng miệng (closed-mouth technique) và sắp răng theo khoảng trung hòa (neutral zone) trong phục hình tháo lắp toàn hàm hàm dưới tăng sự lưu giữ cho phục hình sau cùng, giúp phục hồi thẩm mỹ và chức năng cho bệnh nhân.
THÓI QUEN SỬ DỤNG MẠNG XÃ HỘI CỦA SINH VIÊN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC TẾ HỒNG BÀNG
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến , Đặng Ngọc Minh Đặng Ngọc Minh , Nguyễn Trần Tâm Như Nguyễn Trần Tâm Như , Nguyễn Thị Thu Ngân Nguyễn Thị Thu Ngân , Đỗ Xuân Biên Đỗ Xuân Biên , Trần Vinh Quang Trần Vinh Quang
Published: July 2024

Với sự phát triển của công nghệ thông tin và internet, sử dụng mạng xã hội ngày càng phổ biến, đặc biệt trong giới trẻ. Việc sử dụng mạng xã hội có khía cạnh tích cực và tiêu cực, tùy thuộc vào mục tiêu và mức độ sử dụng, cũng như mức độ thức về an toàn mạng. Dựa trên kết quả khảo sát bằng bảng hỏi với 254 sinh viên Trường Đại học Quốc tế Hồng Bàng thực hiện từ tháng 3 đến tháng 9 năm 2023, bài báo này trình bày thói quen sử dụng mạng xã hội trong sinh viên. Trong đó, các mạng xã hội nào được sử dụng, tần suất sử dụng, mục đích sử dụng sẽ được làm rõ. Bên cạnh đó, nhận thức của sinh viên về tác động tích cực và tiêu cực của việc sử dụng mạng xã hội đến học tập và cuộc sống cũng như nhận thức về an toàn mạng cũng được trình bày.
Kunstverkauf und Urheberrecht: Was bleibt bei der Urheberin, was geht zum Käufer?
Authors: Neziraj Betim
Published: July 2024

Zwischen Urheberin und Werk besteht eine enge Verbindung. Sie bleibt auch bei Verkauf des Werks bestehen. Dies kann zu Spannungen zwischen den Eigentumsrechten des Erwerbers und den Rechten der Urheberin führen. Betim Neziraj erläutert die Rechte und Pflichten beider Seiten bei Veräußerung des Werks. Verkauft eine Malerin ein Werk an einen Kunstliebhaber, so erwirbt dieser mit der Übertragung das Eigentum am physischen Kunstwerk.
The role of education in the integration of marginalized social groups into the labour market
Authors: Kulić Marina
Published: July 2024

The subject of the research paper is the analysis and examination of the role of education in the integration of marginalized groups into the labor market. The goal of the work leads to understanding the connection between the education of these specific social groups, the level of education and employment, and the possibilities and ways to synergize these social groups with the labor market. This research shows the possibilities and chances for education of individuals from marginalized social groups in the Republic of Serbia. The focus of the research was on how and to what extent acquired formal education can help individuals from marginalized groups to find an adequate job and thereby increase the quality of their lives. The descriptive method, document analysis, questionnaire and analysis were used in the preparation of this research paper. The conclusion is that today, marginalized social groups, although they have the opportunity to later acquire formal primary and secondary education and have the support of institutions for this, are not sufficiently motivated in education and professional training. It is necessary to find more effective strategies and policies to motivate marginalized individuals and groups to become more involved in formal and informal forms of education.
Possibilities of parliamentary oversight of independent judiciary with a focus on the sub judice doctrine
Authors: Janjić Sandra
Published: July 2024

In functional democracies, the existence of an efficient system of mutual checks and balances and respect for the rule of law are crucial to ensure the appropriate balance between the three pillars of power: the judicial, executive, and legislative branches. The concept of parliamentary oversight also arises from the broader principles of democracy and the rule of law, as well as the principle of the separation of powers. Parliamentary oversight is a fundamental component of the system of checks and balances that aims to ensure justice and the rule of law in democratic societies. The primary purpose of all courts is to provide fair justice to all citizens. Thus, there is a need to ensure that only one court handles a particular matter at a time in accordance with respecting the sub judice doctrine. Recently, this doctrine has become more significant as it plays a vital role in the proper functioning of the judiciary machinery in the country. Sub judice essentially means "a matter that is still under consideration by the court" or an ongoing lawsuit. The principle also represents a guarantee of judicial independence as well as a framework for achieving effective parliamentary oversight and balance.
The significance of legal instruments in preventing workplace injuries and occupational diseases
Authors: Nikolić Milica
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the author addresses the issue of workplace injuries and occupational diseases. By examining local and international legislation, the author aims to highlight the significance of legal instruments in combating and preventing these issues. Considering the significant disparity between the regulatory framework of the Republic of Serbia and real-world practices, the author believes that certain legislative solutions are inadequate. Therefore, the starting assumption is that the existing legal provisions encourage people to avoid reporting work-related injuries and illnesses. In the paper, the author carried out empirical research using survey methods and in-depth interviews to gather data on the frequency of workplace injuries and whether they are reported and recorded in a timely manner, as well as the reasons behind any delays in doing so. The research findings suggest that in practice, workplace injuries and occupational diseases are becoming increasingly common, yet only a small portion is formally reported and documented. Moreover, the research results indicate that the reluctance to report workplace injuries is largely influenced by the fact that the current legislation places the entire financial burden of workplace injuries and occupational illnesses on employers.
The outcome evaluation of an acute ischaemic stroke in the posterior region in relation to routine blood count parameters: Neutrophil /lymphocyte ratio, plateletcrit and mean platelet volume
Authors: Munjiza Dejan , Milivojević Miloš , Vukićević Marjana
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Acute stroke is defined as a focal or global disorder of brain function that occurs suddenly and is the third leading cause of death in the world. Depending on the mechanism of occurrence, it can be classified as acute ischemic stroke and acute hemorrhagic stroke. The work aims to examine the hypothesis that the ratio of neurtophils to lymphocytes (NLR), thrombocrit (Pct) and mean platelet volume (MVP) are significantly increased in patients with a worse outcome of a stroke in the posterior basin. Material and methods: The basis of the methodology is the analysis of laboratory data of 205 patients with ischemic stroke of the posterior basin with data on the modified Rankin score at discharge, which were adjusted into ranks for three possible treatment outcomes: good, moderately bad, and bad disease outcomes. Results: The strongest predictor of the outcome was the increase in the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes (NLR), which correlates with a poor outcome of the disease (p < 0,001). Thrombocrit also shows a moderate degree of association with the outcome of posterior basin ischemic stroke graded by ranks of the modified Rankin score (p = 0,002). The mean volume of platelets, in this sample of subjects, did not show either a statistical significance of the difference between the groups of patients according to the outcome of the disease graded by the ranks of the modified Rankin score, or a correlation with the outcome of the disease according to the same criterion. Conclusion: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as well as thrombocrit (Pct), are variables that, based on this study and the results from the available literature, are significantly more often elevated in patients with a worse outcome of a stroke in the posterior basin where they represent a predictor of a worse outcome of the disease.
The role of oxidative stress in ovarian cancer pathogenesis
Authors: Simić Petar , Plješa-Ercegovac Marija , Ćorić Vesna , Pažin Vladimir
Published: July 2024

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest form of gynecological malignancy. The presence of non-specific symptoms, together with the identification of the disease in an advanced stage, are the primary determinants of an unfavorable prognosis, resulting in an overall five-year survival rate of 45%. Currently, the treatment of choice for ovarian cancer is surgery aimed at completely removing the illness macroscopically, along with adjuvant chemotherapy. The significance of early diagnosis is evident in the several conducted prospective studies, which have not identified a successful method for early identification of this disease. Oxidative stress (OS) is a well-established contributor to carcinogenesis in several types of malignancies. It occurs when there is an imbalance between the production and clearance of reactive oxygen species. These molecules affect both pathological and physiological processes. Literature findings indicate that oxidative stress has a role in the development and pathophysiology of ovarian cancer by affecting the following four areas of cellular functioning: (i) genetic alterations, (ii) signaling pathways, (iii) transcription factors, and (iv) tumor microenvironment. Reactive oxygen species can induce mutations, which initiate the formation, proliferation, and maturation of tumor tissue. Also, prolonged elevation of the concentration of free radicals harmfully affects cells, causing the initiation of apoptotic pathways. Specifically, the presence of free radicals leads to the impairment of biomolecules and the creation of byproducts from this interaction. Consequently, these compounds may be found in various body structures and products such as tissue, plasma, urine, and other, where they can be detected. The study aims to enhance the readers' understanding of the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, which is characterized by its undetermined cause and diverse nature. Previous research has primarily focused on surgical or medicamentous treatment, therefore the present study aims to shed light on the role of oxidative stress in this process.
Contrast-enhanced mammography as the new standard in breast health care
Authors: Stevanović Kristina , Maričić Bojana , Radovanović Jovana
Published: July 2024

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has become a ubiquitous method in breast diagnostics over the last few decades, especially in recent years. There is an increasing body of strong evidence regarding the high diagnostic efficiency and sensitivity of CEM in detecting breast cancer. There is more and more evidence about the high diagnostic effectiveness and sensitivity of CEM in detecting breast cancer. Also, new research has shown similarity in the efficiency and sensitivity of CEM compared to magnetic resonance, with fewer cases of false positive results. As the application of CEM expands from potential use in screening for women with dense breast tissue to the staging of known breast malignancy, it becomes increasingly important to become well-versed in this method and its implementation. This review article will perceive the importance of CEM both for screening and in the diagnostic procedure, with a special emphasis placed on the advantages and disadvantages compared to ultrasound, standard mammography and MRI.
Penerapan Model Brain Based Learning Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Al Ayyubi Ibnu Imam , Islamiah Dini , Fitriyah Dzul , Agustin Melinda Astrianti , Rahma Aulia
Published: July 2024

This research aims to increase understanding and acceptance of concepts in Islamic religious learning, create a learning environment that motivates students, and optimize students' cognitive function in learning Islamic religious education. This research method uses a survey method and One Way ANOVA test analysis to see the relationship between student learning outcomes in Islamic religious education learning through the Brain-Based Learning (BBL) model and the student's school origin. The population of this study was class VIII students at MTs Arrukhshatul 'Ulum, SMP Nurul Huda Syafiiyyah, and SMP Roudlotul Ulum with a sample of 30 students at MTs Arrukhshatul 'Ulum, 29 students at SMP Nurul Huda Syafiiyyah, and 31 students at SMP Roudlotul Ulum for a total of 90 students. In this study, the average scores for student learning outcomes at Arrukhshatul 'Ulum MTs, Nurul Huda Syafiiyyah Middle School, and Roudlotul Ulum Middle School were 63.47, 64.28, 64.77. Meanwhile, the values ​​of the standard deviation are 14,044, 17,169, and 14,585. Based on the ANOVA one way test, there were no differences in student learning outcomes in learning Islamic religious education through the Brain-Based Learning model between students at MTs Arrukhshatul 'Ulum, SMP Nurul Huda Syafiiyyah, and SMP Roudlotul Ulum. So that further research can be carried out using the ANOVA two way test which can classify according to gender and cognitive level of students to find out the inherent conclusions based on inferential statistics.
Winter Pollen Sources to Giant Honeybees of Sindewahi Tehsil Forest area of Chandrapur District of Maharashtra State (India)
Authors: LAXMIKANT BORKAR , DEVENDRA NAKADE ANKIT AND MATE
Published: July 2024

A total of 151 pollen loads were recovered directly from the honeycombs of Apis dorsata (Rock Bee) collected during December 16, 2011?November 30, 2012, from Nandgaon, Ratnapur, and Lonwahi forest area of Sindewahi Tehsil of Chandrapur District of Maharashtra State, were analyzed. Twelve (7.94%) pollen loads were found to be uniforal, 47 (31.12%) bifloral, and 92 (60.92%) multifloral. The unifloral pollen loads were contained four of Cajanus cajan, three of Capsicum annum, two of Hyptis suaveolens and Prosopis juliflora, and one of Tridax procumbens. The pollen of C. annum was recovered from 96 (63.57%) of the total pollen loads studied. The study highlights C. annum (Solanaceae) do the major pollen sources and C. cajan (Papillionaceae), Lathyrus sativus (Papillionaceae), T. procumbens (Asteraceae), H. suaveolens (Lamiaceae), P. juliflora (Mimosaceae), Blumea spp. (Asteraceae), Capparis grandis (Capparidaceae), and Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) as fairly important sources of pollen for the honeybees during the summer period. . KEYWORDS :Forest area, Honeybee, Pollen sources, Sindewahi tehsil
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Leaf extract of Medicago polymorpha and its Characterization
Authors: BHARGAVA RASHI , MANISHA MANISHA , DAS ANANYA DHAR , TYAGI DEEKSHA AND SHEETAL
Published: July 2024

In the present study, the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Medicago polymorpha plant leaf extract was performed. The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction techniques. FTIR reveals the possibility of functional groups present in phytochemicals present in the leaf extract of Medicago polymorpha, which helps in the synthesis of ZnONPs. SEM and TEM analyses revealed surface morphology and the average size of ZnONPs, respectively. This study provides a promising approach for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs using a natural reducing and capping agent. . KEYWORDS :Biosynthesis, Green synthesis, Medicago polymorpha, Nanoparticles, Natural reducing agents, Zinc oxide
Evaluation of Earthworm Community Structure in Industrial Soils from Pandavapura Taluk of Mandya District, Karnataka, India
Authors: MAHADEVASWAMY SHASHANK. K. R. AND M.
Published: July 2024

In this study, we have investigated the community structure of earthworm in industrial soils of Pandavapura Taluk of Mandya District, Karnataka, India. Soils from industrial sites were surveyed and sampled to assess earthworm diversity and community composition. Some selected ecological parameters such as soil temperature, soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, and heavy metal concentrations were measured to understand their potential influence on earthworm communities. The findings shed light on the impacts of industrial activities on earthworm populations and provide valuable insights into the resilience of soil ecosystems in industrialized regions. This study contributes to our understanding of the ecological consequences of industrialization on soil biodiversity and underscores the importance of sustainable soil management practices in mitigating these effects. . KEYWORDS :Community structure, Earthworms, Industrialization, Pandavapura, Soil biodiversity
Review on Phytochemistry, Traditional uses, and Biological Activities of Parthenium hysterophorus L.
Authors: YADAV KAMINI , ARYA SUSHILA , KUMARI MANISHA AND SANDHYA
Published: July 2024

Parthenium hysterophorus L. is a family member of Asteraceae and is a notorious weed with a few different names as congress weed, carrot weed (Gajarghas), and wild feverfew. It poses significant threats to human health, agriculture, and biodiversity in regions like Australia and India. This harmful plant is associated with a range of health issues including mutagenicity, skin rashes, Diarrhea, allergy-related respiratory issues, dermatitis through contact, and skin allergies, as well as animal and human dehydration. Efforts to manage Parthenium weed have often been ineffective due to its rapid re-infestation. Despite its acknowledged toxicity, Parthenium is still used in traditional medicine for treating fevers, headaches, wounds, diabetes, diarrhea, anemia, heart problems, and malaria. Studies have indicated that P. hysterophorus L. extract contains a diverse range of compounds including proteins, amino acids, terpenoids, quinones, alkaloids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, and coumarins. Essential oils from this plant contain compounds such as germacrene-D, ?-myrcene, and trans-?-ocimene, which are responsible for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, insecticidal, larvicidal, anti-microbial, hypoglycemic, and anticancer properties. This review paper's objective is to furnish a thorough summary encompassing the phytochemistry, ethnobotanical applications, toxicology, and biological activities linked with P. hysterophorus.. KEYWORDS :Asteraceae, Biological potential, Parthenium hysterophorus L., Phytochemistry, Weeds.
Pengaruh Marketing Mix (4P) dan Perilaku Konsumen Terhadap Niat Pemilihan Program Studi Teknik Metalurgi
Authors: Marya Delima Pasaribu  , Mariana Simanjuntak
Published: July 2024

The research aims to determine the influence of the marketing mix (4P) and consumer behavior on the intention to choose the Metallurgical Engineering study program. Analysis using Structural Equating Modeling (SEM) on Partial Least Square (PLS) and data collection by distributing questionnaires to 150 respondents who know Metallurgical Engineering, Institute Del Technology. Purposive sampling is the sampling method used in research. The research results show that the intention to choose a Metallurgical Engineering study program is strongly influenced by the marketing mix (4P) and consumer behavior.
A study on fine needle aspiration cytology of epididymal nodules
Authors: Thapa R , Gurung P , Kafle N , Pradhanang S , Hirchand S , Lakhey M , Joshi R
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a rapid and relatively inexpensive technique used extensively in the diagnosis of a large variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions in many organs. There are very few literature reports documenting the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the evaluation of epididymal nodules. The aim of this study was to highlight the cytomorphologic features of FNAC in epididymal nodules.
Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in all the patients presented with palpable epididymal nodules for FNAC over a period of two and half years in department of pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu. FNAC was performed using 23 gauge needle with 10ml syringe. Smears were routinely stained with PAP, Giemsa stain and Special stains whenever needed.
Results: A total of 31 cases of non – neoplastic lesions were identified. Age ranged from 15 to 52 years. Majority of cases were of tuberculous epididymitis accounting for 38.70%.
Conclusions: FNAC serves as an important tool to screen and diagnose all palpable epididymal nodules and provides information for further management.
Epidemiological status of taenia/cysticercosis in pigs and human in Nepal
Authors: Joshi D.D. , Jimba M. , Neave Lucy , Poudyal Purna Maya , Mishra P.N. , Mishra M.
Published: July 2024

Two hundred and fifty slaughtered pigs for meat purpose, in various localities ofKathmandu Metropolitan City and Dharan Municipality were examined for Taenia cystsduring January 1997 to April 1998. A surveillance study was also carried out with butchers, meat sellers, farmers and porkconsumers to study the awareness of taeniasis cysticercosis.Data was collected from the hospitals to determine the status of taeniasis/cysticercosisinfection in humans. Out of 250 slaughtered pigs examined, thirty-four (13.6%) were found positive for cysticercosis. The sex wise prevalence rate of infection was 8.77% in male pigs and 24.05% in female pigs. The result reveals that females are infected more than the males. Out of 196 slaughtered pigs examined in Kathmandu, 28 (14.28%) were found positive, whereas in Dharan, out of 54, 6 (11.11%) were found positive. The result further reveals that the number of infected pigs is higher in Kathmandu than Dharan. It is due to the importation of infected pigs to Kathmandu both from rural areas of Nepal and India. The results show that pork consumption is risky from a public health point of view. In environments where animal cysticercosis is prevalent, human taeniasis/cysticercosis is likely to be present.Prevalence of Taenia solium infection in pigs was therefore observed and recorded for the first time in Dharan Municipality and Kathmandu Metropolitan Municipality in Nepal.Human cysticercosis cases were also studied. Out of 23,402 human biopsy casesrecorded from Patan Hospital alone during July 1993 - Feb 1998, sixty-two patientswere confirmed to have cysticercosis infection. Out of 62 taeniasis/cysticercosispatients, 40 cases were from Kathmandu and 22 were from outside Kathmandu. Amongthe 62 infected patients, 38 were females while 24 were males. The result reveals that the infection rate is higher in Kathmandu than outside Kathmandu. Sexwise data againreveal that females are infected more frequently than males.The surveillance study findings reveal that taeniasis and cysticercosis are prevalentin Kathmandu and Dharan due to various factors, viz,uncontrolled slaughtering, lack of a meat inspection program, lack of awareness aboutmeat borne diseases, unhygienic conditions of slaughtering places due to lack of slaughter houses, environmental pollution etc.The incidence of human taeniasis/cysticercosis could be controlled by raising pigsunder hygienic condition and improving the environmental quality in the pig slaughtering abattoirs under the supervision of medical and veterinary technicians. An effective veterinary public health activities should immediately be established in all 56 municipalities of the country for meat inspection and construction of slaughter houses.
Malathion induced changes on hepatic acid and alkaline phosphatases in developing rats
Authors: Seal Reneta , Bhattacharya Sonia , Jha B. , Sen P , Anand A
Published: July 2024

The effect of malathion, an organophosphorous pesticide, was assessed on the biochemical nature of the hepatic organ. Malathion was administered per os at doses of 5mg, 50mg, 250mg and 500mg/kg body weight at a time interval of 24 hours todeveloping rats of Charles Foster Strain. Enzyme activities, e.g. acid phosphates andalkaline phosphates estimated would indicate that malathion may induce possible cellularlysis and tissue degeneration at high doses during developing stage.
Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome: A case report
Authors: Shrestha J. K , Tsering N.
Published: July 2024

The acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome represents a specific pattern of clinical presentation for certain herpes virus infections in the posterior segment of the eye. First described in the Japanese literature in 1971 and termed Kirisawa uveitis, it has till today remained a visually devastating condition in most of the cases. A female adult patient presented to us with classical picture of this syndrome and was managed with oral acyclovir and corticosteroid that responded well with this modality of treatment.
Does peers’ sexual behaviors affect adolescents’ sexual behaviors?
Authors: Joshi S.
Published: July 2024

This study is aimed to determine female adolescents’ reproductive and sexual health behaviors in order to promote healthy reproductive behaviors. A descriptive correlation design was used to identify the main predictor of female adolescents’ reproductive and sexual health behaviors. Four hundred samples were selected from urban government schools of Lalitpur; findings revealed thatmore then half of respondents (56%) felt very comfortable to communicate with their peer than others. There were statistically significant relationships between female adolescents’ with their peers’reproductive and sexual health behaviors (r = 0.646; p = <0.05). Further analysis revealed that peers’ reproductive and sexual health behaviors were the main predictor of female adolescents’ reproductive health behaviors (B = 646, t = 15.91 p <0.05). Perhaps, to tackle the developmental needs, female adolescents took help of their peers than with others. If concerned authorities desire for responsible reproductive health behaviors among female adolescents, the trained peer groups need to be involved in health delivery system whilerendering services to this vulnerable group
An awareness study of HIV/AIDS among adolescent students of Chitwan district, Nepal
Authors: Singh S. K , Manandhar N. , PARSAI M. , Krishna G. , Patowary S.
Published: July 2024

A cross sectional study was conducted among the adolescent students of 12 randomly selectedhigher secondary school of Chitwan district, Nepal with an objective to assess the awareness bystudying their knowledge and attitude towards the disease. It is really very gratifying to note that100.0% of the respondents had heard about the disease and majority of them (95.0% ) had correctknowledge about the causative agents. Among the respondents quite large number of students(79.0%) knew about high risk age group and 81.0% were aware about safe sex as one of the majorpreventive measure. The attitude of respondents towards the AIDS patients was firmly positive.Among them 84.5% had no objection in treating AIDS patients in the general hospital with extraprecaution. The main source of their information, education and communication were from electronicmedia. These observations were indicative of good awareness about the disease which will definitelyhelp in bringing about behavioral change at the individual level and will go in a long way forprevention of transmission amongst the high risk groups and to contain its spread.
The pattern of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Rijal K.R. , Ghimire P. , Bam D.S.
Published: July 2024

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health problems in Nepal.. , Drug resistant tuberculosis has posed a serious challenge in TB control program. Drug resistance tuberculosis is the most difficult for the treatment and cure of the patient.Objective: To find out the current situation of drug resistant pattern at national tuberculosis center, Nepal.Design: Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University in collaboration with NTC, STC, conducted a prospective study.Methods: One hundred ninety-nine Mycobacterium tuberculosisisolated from the sputum in national tuberculosis center (NTC) were studied to find out the drug resistant pattern by utilizing absolute concentration method.Results: Of the 199 culture positive strains were tested, 161from previously treated cases and 38 from new cases. Overall primary and acquired resistance were 36.82%and 75.05%respectively. The study showed that the Primary drug resistance (PDR) to one drug was found to be 23.67%, to two drugs was 10.52%, to three drugs was 0%, and four drugs was 2.63%where as acquired drug resistance (ADR) to one drug was 32.38%, to two drug was 19.19%, to three drugs was 11.78%, to four drugs was 11.80%. Primary and acquired multi-drug resistance (MDR)) was in 2.63% and 19.25% of the isolates respectively.Conclusion: Overall, drug resistance of M.tuberculosisis high. It is concluded that regular monitoring of MDR–TB and making policy according to research finding is necessary as it is changing every year, which helps to control MDR-TB.
Incidence of postspinal hypotension during cesarean section
Authors: Sharma N.R.
Published: July 2024

A total of 200 cases were evaluated for post-spinal hypotension during caesarean section in TU teaching hospital Maharajgunj. Hypotension was reported in 76 (38%) cases. P value >0.05.The Maximum dose of mephentermin given was 30mg and minimum was 6mg. One patient had Spinal block as high as T1 sensory level. Another patient had severe drop of blood pressure followed byunrecorded blood pressure and pulse which was treated with endotracheal intubation, 100%oxygen and vasopressor (Mephentermine). Severe bradycardia (heart rate<40) was recorded in one patient. She was treated with Atropine 0.6mg IV The rest had the level of block between T6 - T4 sensory.
Paediatric practice: an approach to a child with fever
Authors: Sharma P.R. , Bhattarai P. , Sharma M.
Published: July 2024

Nearly seventy percent of all children between the ages of one week and two-years-of-age are brought to Kanti Children’s Hospital for some Type of febrile episode.And 50% of these visits are for temperatures greater than or equal to 39 degrees celsius. These children may have significant bacterial infection. In 35% of these childrenn there’s no definable source for the fever on clinical examination. So the child that don’t have identifiable sources could be either bacteremic, meningitis or could have a bone or joint infection in evolution. Simple clinical observation to differentiate a well looking infant from a toxic infant helps to differentiate children who needs admisson or out patient follow-up.
Study of enteric fever and malaria incidence in southern part of Nepal
Authors: Rai D.R. , Kshetry N.T , Tamang M.D. , Pokharel B.M.
Published: July 2024

This study was done in order to present the incidence of enteric fever and malaria among patientswith febrile illness which can play significant role in nation’s disease control & prevention efforts. Conventional method of Widal test and Blood culture were done for diagnosis of enteric fever and Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was applied to find antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolate.Thin smear method was performed to detect the malarial parasites. A total of 611 cases attended at hospital complaining febrile illness and 150 people without any symptoms of fever were the subject of study. Among 611, 29.8% (182/611) were found positive with significant titre. Infection rate was found similar between sexes, however, more than 70% incidence were clustered among the age group 11-40 year. No significant difference of Hb was found among positive and negative cases, however, number of neutrophil and TLC was remarkably high among positive cases. Among 60 cases subjected to blood culture 16.7% (10/60) were proven culture positive for Salmonella spp. with predominant S. typhi. Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone were found promising drugs. Seasonally mid May/April was found peak period of incidence. Among 150 people without any symptoms of fever 28 (18.7%) showed agglutination positive with low titre. As 50% of H & whole O antibody showed the titre of 1:80 & 1:40, local titre value against H & O antigen is 80 and 40, respectively. Malarial parasite detection rate was 3.6% (6/166) with ratio of P. vivax &P. falciparum 2:1. This finding provide currentsituation of incidence of malaria and enteric fever with antibiotic susceptibility pattern which enable the physician to tackle the cases very effectively.
Redefining postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Adhikari S. , Bista K.D. , Rana A.
Published: July 2024

In the prospective study conducted in TUTH; 300 women with the active management of labour were enrolled; visual estimation of blood loss (volume criteria) was found to poorly correlate with changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit with unacceptably low sensitivity (3.4%) and specificity (93.4%) compared to the hemoglobin criteria (sensitivity 80.7% & specificity 93.9%) or the hematocrit criteria (sensitivity 89.7% & specificity 88.1%); thus suggesting redefinition of PPH in order to identify larger number of women with this problem; which may aid to bring down the morbidity and mortality associated with PPH.
Comparison of core and surface cultures in recurrent tonsillitis
Authors: Bista M. , Sinha B.K. , Amatya R. C. M. , Tuladhar N.R. , Pokharel B.M.
Published: July 2024

This prospective study was done to find out the most common organism affecting the tonsils in recurrent tonsillitis and to compare the microorganisms found in the core and surface of such tonsils. A total of 50 patients attending ENT Out patient Department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) from February 2000 to August 2001 were included in the study. All these patientshad undergone tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia by dissection method. Among these 39 patients had undergone tonsillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis and 11 had undergone tonsillectomy for reasons other than recurrent tonsillitis. The excised tonsils were kept in agar plates and transported to the microbiology laboratory within half an hour of surgery. The culture was taken from the surface and the core after cutting the tonsils into half by a sterile blade and with another sterile blade only core was extracted in a wedge shaped manner and was cultured in aerobic (5% sheep blood agar, Chocolate agar and McConkey’s agar and anaerobic (gas pack jar system) media for 24 - 48 hours. The most common microflora seen in recurrent tonsillitis was Streptococcus viridansfrom the surface, as well as the core. Other common micro organisms prevalent on the surface in recurrent tonsillitis were Staphylococcus aureus, and Brahmnella catarrhalis. Likewise other common micro organisms in the core in recurrent tronsillitis were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonie, and Haemophillus influenzae. There was no statistical difference between the micro organisms found on the surface and the core except for Brahmnella catarrhalis which was significantly more on the surface. Anaerobes were isolated only from the core and there was no statistical difference between the micro organisms isolated from the non-infected tonsils and from recurrent tonsillitis.