bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a probable relationship between influence of harmful and (or) hazardous working conditions, ambient air pollution and the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs (c33, c34) in the male population of the Russian Federation
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Bukhtiyarov I.V. ,   Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health, 31 Prospekt Budennogo, Moscow, 105275, Russian Federation, Vyazovichenko Yu.E. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Khvalyuk P.O. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

In 2021, in the Russian Federation, malignant neoplasms (MN) of the trachea, bronchi, lungs (ICD – C33, C34) occupied the first place in the structure of MN in men accounting for 16.4 %. Many studies show the existence of a potential connection between impacts of occupational factors and MN development; however, in Russia, the occupational genesis of MN is rarely recognized. The aim of this study was to identify a relationship between working conditions, volumes of pollutants emitted into ambient air and the incidence of tracheal, bronchial, and lung MN in men. The data were obtained from Form No. 7 "Information on malignant neoplasms", the Report "The state of working conditions for workers employed by economic entities operating in the Russian Federation as per specific types of economic activity", and Form No. 2-TP (air) "Information on the protection of ambient air" of Rosstat. We analyzed incidence rates of malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs among working age males, as well as males aged between 40 and 65 years in 2011–2021. The study involved quartile analysis (incidence rates were standardized with the direct method); correlation analysis (Kendall rank correlation); as well as multiple regression analysis. The latter was carried out to study effects of predictors (volumes of pollutants emitted into ambient air) on the selected criterion (MN incidence). The research data were statistically analyzed using MS Office Excel 2019, IBM SPSS Statistics 26. A downward trend was established for the analyzed incidence rates in Russia. A moderate positive correlation (τ = +0.31) was obtained between the proportion of workers employed in harmful or hazardous working conditions and the incidence of MN of the specified localization. A predictive regression model was developed. The obtained results of the correlation analysis require more in-depth consideration in subsequent studies. In our opinion, oncologists need to study occupational routes of their patients. Employers should focus on primary MN prevention within corporate practices of enterprises.
Key risk factors for populations especially vulnerable to HIV infection
Authors:   Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections ‘Virome’, 23 Letnyaya St., Ekaterinburg, 620030, Russian Federation, Piterskiy M.V. , Semenov A.V. ,   Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections ‘Virome’, 23 Letnyaya St., Ekaterinburg, 620030, Russian Federation, Zakharova Yu.A. ,   F.F. Erisman’s Federal Scientific Centre of Hygiene, 18 Nauchnyi proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation, Yarantseva O.Y. ,   Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections ‘Virome’, 23 Letnyaya St., Ekaterinburg, 620030, Russian Federation, Khodakov O.A. ,   Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections ‘Virome’, 23 Letnyaya St., Ekaterinburg, 620030, Russian Federation, Evseeva V.I. ,   ‘New Life’ Regional public fund for assistance to various categories of the population of the Sverdlovsk region, 104 Sel’korovskaya St., Ekaterinburg, 620103, Russian Federation, Greisman M.O. ,   ‘New Life’ Regional public fund for assistance to various categories of the population of the Sverdlovsk region, 104 Sel’korovskaya St., Ekaterinburg, 620103, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

Since 2012, no data can be found on any scientific research accomplished in correction facilities of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service with its aim being to identify HIV risk factors and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among prisoners. In correction facilities of the Sverdlovsk oblast, each fifth prisoner is HIV-positive and in future this means a grave HIV burden for the regional population. Between 2020 and 2022, an anonymous survey was accomplished within an observational analytical cross-sectional study. Overall, 302 men participated in it; they were all former prisoners who applied for aid to a socially-oriented nonprofit organization during their social adaptation. Injection drug use (IDU) was established to be the basic factor able to cause HIV in the analyzed group. Among HIV-positive respondents, 94.3 % had such experience prior to and during their service; among other prisoners, 55.6 % reported IDU (p < 0.001). Twenty-eight point nine percent of prisoners continued to use narcotics in prison. According to the survey results, 87.9 % of HIV-positive men only ‘sometimes’ used barrier protection during sexual intercourse or didn’t use it at all. Seventy-three point five percent of them had more than 10 sexual partners during their lifetime and 29.3 % had sexually transmitted diseases in their case history. It is noteworthy that 82.9 % of the HIV-positive respondents had sexual contacts already during the first six months after being released from prison. The study established a growing share of people who got antiretroviral therapy (ART) after release from the penitentiary system, from 63.1 % to 75.4 %; however, only 33.0 % of the patients who received ART were able to confirm they had never stopped doing it. Therefore, we have detected a high risk HIV spread among prisoners during their service with subsequent active HIV transmission into the general population.
Providing Economic Security of Enterprises Through Sindinic as Science of Danger
Authors: Dokukina A. A.
Published: January 2024

Against a background of opportunities opened to business in times of innovation economy we can observe growing risks connected with specific features of information flows, technologies of transaction handling and new approaches in management. Due to these factors the author studies a model depicting parameters and characteristics of processes providing economic security of enterprises and possibilities of its application in practice. The article substantiates the assumption about expediency of using sindinic principles in managing the enterprise with regard to the current requirements to the level of economic security. The author puts forward the approach to using 5D model of sindinic in management of industrial enterprises, as well as innovation systems as a solution aimed at developing and retaining its competitive features in active interaction with external environment.
Specific Introduction of Hrm-System in Trade Organizations
Authors: Tishkina N. P. , Kamanina R. V. , Gratsianova L. I.
Published: January 2024

A key topic in discussing the development of social and economic systems and state policy has been overall digital transformation. The introduction of digital technologies is a principle line in strategy of the majority of organizations, including trade ones. HR-divisions are also liable to digitalization effect. Providing HR-managers with support tools, advanced IT-solutions could optimize the process of HR management, focus attention on strategic tasks and in general raise the efficiency of personnel management. The article explains the purpose of HRM-systems used to manage personnel in today’s trade organizations, reviews functionality of current IT-solutions and identifies key trends in the field of HR-Tech. The authors managed to solve a set of tasks connected with introduction of HRM-systems with due regard to specificity of trade organizations and highlighted trends in the field of HR-Tech. The theoretical and methodological base of the research was formed by materials of research and analytical companies, provisions given in works by mainly Russian scientists and experts in the field of personnel management. Apart from that, methods of comparative analysis, generalization, systematization, etc. were used.
Modeling Price Policy of Industries within the Frames of Inter-Sectoral Balance Methodology
Authors: Moiseev N. A. , Vnukov I. A.
Published: January 2024

The subject of inter-sectoral balance has been adequately developed in scientific community, however, we think that insufficient attention was paid to inserting price rates of industries in the model of inter-sectoral relations, as they produce a serious impact on making decisions concerning each industry production. The article deals with working-out a mathematic approach to modeling industry behavior in view of price policy development. The theoretical base of the research was formed by key provisions of the economic theory and the theory of inter-sectoral balance. The authors analyze dynamics of product prices set by industries with regard to inter-sectoral dependence and respective changes in output, added value, margin and volumes of sold products in each industry. As a result of the research the inter-sectoral model of shaping price policy of industries was built, which takes into account parameters of demand and urge of every industry for maximum profits. Different scenarios of changing demand parameters and production interactions were studied. Model experiments allowed authors to come to the conclusion that a rise in demand for one industry product cannot always increase production of related industries. As product price in the industry goes up, costs of other industries also rise, which can have an adverse effect on their product demand on the part of end customer. And on the contrary, a drop in demand for one industry product can support other related industries on constant demand factors at the expense of cost cutting. The proposed model could be useful for private and state sectors in planning investment policy at the same time it could reveal macro-economic trends, which is necessary to resolve problems of tardy or inadequate response of business entity on possible risks.
Developing Advanced Technological Environment of Production Enterprises
Authors: Panova E. A.
Published: January 2024

Transformations aimed at shaping advanced technological environment are necessary to maintain competitiveness and develop production enterprises in constantly changing market conditions. Technological transformation of the enterprise implies a set of steps aimed at introducing information and communication, resource-saving and other technologies, so that the enterprise will be able to put out innovative goods, reach serious organizational improvement in business and comply with fast growing needs of market. The article gives the author’s classification of transformation processes according to their speed and necessity of conducting, at the same time a model of technological transformation of industrial enterprises is put forward. The model includes 4 lines of transformation: production processes, purchase and sale operations, organization of work space and finance processes. Through analyzing benefits of technological transformations it becomes clear that they could speed up work operations, cut excessive steps and resource spending, as well as improve the quality of customer service and efficiency of enterprise functioning in general. The principle challenge of shaping the advanced technological environment at enterprises is absence of support of the part of top management and ordinary workers, high cost of introducing innovation and threat of data storage security. Practical significance of research findings is connected with possibility to use them in finding strategic lines and policy of technological transformation of industrial enterprises.
Elucidating the Role of Pro-renin Receptors in Pancreatic Ductal
Adenocarcinoma Progression: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Cancer
Therapy
Authors: Aliakbarian Mohsen , Ferns Gordon A. , Mohamadzadeh Shabestari Mahmoud , Ahmadzadeh Amir Mahmoud , Abdollahzade Aref , Rahimi Hoda , Khodashahi Rozita , Arjmand Mohammad-Hassan
Published: January 2024

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a very poor prognosis. The 5-
year survival in these patients is very low, and most patients develop drug resistance to current
therapies, so additional studies are needed to identify the potential role of new drug targets for the
treatment of pancreatic cancer. Recent investigations have been performed regarding the roles of
pro-renin receptors (PRR) in the initiation and development of cancers. PRR is a component of
the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Local tissue RAS has been known in diverse organ systems,
including the pancreas. Various investigations have implicated that PRRs are associated
with the upregulation of various signaling pathways, like the renin-angiotensin system pathway,
PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and the Wnt-signaling pathways, to contribute to pathological conditions, including
cancer. In this review, we presented an overview of the role of PRR in the progression of
pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
The Upper-gastrointestinal Endoscopic Findings of People Living with
HIV: A Systematic Review
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Janfaza Nazanin , Mirzapour Pegah , Siami Haleh , Ali Zoha , Matini Parisa , Karimi Elaheh , Mahrokhi Sona , Varshochi Sanaz , Sanaati Foziye , Fathi Amrollah Masoomeh , Saki Sobhan , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Dadras Omid
Published: January 2024

Objective:

This article aimed to analyze upper endoscopic findings in the HIV patient
population to elucidate the upper-gastrointestinal complications related to HIV infection. Gastrointestinal
(GI) disorders in individuals living with HIV/AIDS exhibit diverse and often nonspecific
manifestations, imposing substantial morbidity and mortality burdens. Endoscopic evaluation
with biopsies is essential in the diagnosis and management of these conditions. Delayed treatment
due to undetected GI abnormalities during endoscopic examinations can lead to poorer health outcomes.

Methods:

This systematic review has determined the findings of upper-GI endoscopy of HIV-infected
patients. Online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Jisc Library Hub Discover, and Library
of Congress have been searched using relevant keyword combinations. We have retrieved
all the pertinent papers and reports published in English and screened them against inclusion/exclusion
criteria for data extraction in two steps. First, titles/abstracts have been evaluated and then
full-text screening has been performed by independent researchers. This study has adhered to the
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.

Results:

In this review, 24 articles have been included in the final analysis. The study has focused
on the characteristics of participants and the findings of endoscopic evaluations. The participants
of the study have been HIV-positive patients, and the majority of them have undergone endoscopy
due to gastrointestinal symptoms. The biopsy regions primarily targeted have been observed
to be the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The most common result of the biopsy specimens
has been chronic active gastritis.

Conclusion:

To improve clinical practice, this systematic review sought to provide an up-to-date
reference for upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings of HIV-infected persons. Our results are
in line with earlier research showing how effective endoscopy is for determining a precise diagnosis
and directing care. The majority of HIV patients with gastrointestinal symptoms have been
found to have opportunistic infections and persistent active gastritis as well as mucosal abnormalities
of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Studies have shown that endoscopic and histological assessment
can aid in the early detection and management of issues involving the upper gastrointestinal
tract.
Restoring Impaired Neurogenesis and Alleviating Oxidative Stress by
Cyanidin against Bisphenol A-induced Neurotoxicity: In Vivo and In Vitro
Evidence
Authors: Suresh Swathi , Vellapandian Chitra
Published: January 2024

Background:

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a known neurotoxic compound with potentially harmful effects on the nervous system. Cyanidin (CYN) has shown promise as a neuroprotective agent.

Objective:

The current study aims to determine the efficacy of CYN against BPA-induced neuropathology.

Methods:

In vitro experiments utilized PC12 cells were pre-treated with gradient doses of CYN and
further stimulated with 10ng/ml of BPA. DPPH radical scavenging activity, catalase activity, total
ROS activity, and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity were done. In vivo assessments employed
doublecortin immunohistochemistry of the brain in BPA-exposed Sprague-Dawley rats. Further, in
silico molecular docking of CYN with all proteins involved in canonical Wnt signaling was performed using the Autodock v4.2 tool and BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer.

Results:

IC50 values of CYN and ascorbic acid were determined using dose-response curves, and it
was found to be 24.68 ± 0.563µg/ml and 20.69 ± 1.591µg/ml, respectively. BPA-stimulated cells pretreated with CYN showed comparable catalase activity with cells pre-treated with ascorbic acid
(p=0.0287). The reactive species production by CYN-treated cells was significantly decreased compared to BPA-stimulated cells (p<0.0001). Moreover, CYN significantly inhibited nitric oxide production compared to BPA stimulated and the control cells (p<0.0001). In vivo, CYN positively affected immature neuron quantity, correlating with dosage. During molecular docking analysis, CYN
exhibited a binding affinity > -7Kcal/mol with all the key proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin
signaling cascade.

Conclusion:

Conclusively, our finding suggests that CYN exhibited promise in counteracting BPAinduced oxidative stress, improving compromised neurogenesis in hippocampal and cortical regions,
and displaying notable interactions with Wnt signaling proteins. Thereby, CYN could render its neuroprotective potential against BPA-induced neuropathology
Nanostructured Iron (III)-Copper (II) Binary Oxide as a Highly Efficient
Magnetically Recoverable Nanocatalyst for Facile One-pot Synthesis of 2,
4, 5-trisubstituted Imidazole and 1, 4-dihydro Pyridine Derivatives under
Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Gaikwad Dhananjay N. , Gaikwad Suresh T. , Manjul Rajesh K. , Rajbhoj Anjali S. , Suryavanshi Dayanand M.
Published: January 2024

The Fe (III)-Cu (II) binary oxide magnetic nanocatalyst emerges as an environmentally
friendly and highly efficient solid acid catalyst, demonstrating remarkable utility in the one-pot
synthesis of 2, 4, 5-trisubstituted imidazole and 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds, all achieved under
solvent-free conditions. A facile co-precipitation method was used to synthesize nanostructured Fe-Cu
binary oxide. Notably, this Fe-Cu binary oxide magnetic nanocatalyst proves its eco-friendly
credentials as an exceptionally efficient and reusable catalyst, offering ease of handling, recovery, and
multiple uses with minimal reactivity loss. Furthermore, the Fe (III)-Cu (II) binary oxide magnetic
nanocatalyst's magnetic separability enhances its practicality, allowing for effortless catalyst retrieval
after reactions. Significantly, the structural characteristics are meticulously elucidated through
advanced analytical techniques, including 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy. This work presents a versatile and sustainable solution for catalysis, with wide-reaching
implications for green chemistry and the development of reusable, efficient catalysts for organic
synthesis. The exceptional performance and eco-friendliness of the Fe-Cu binary oxide magnetic
nanocatalyst underscore its practical significance. Fe-Cu binary oxide magnetic nanocatalyst exhibits
the highest catalytic activity compared to others. The employment of this catalyst consistently delivers
excellent yields in the target reactions, highlighting its potential to contribute positively to sustainable
chemical processes.
Hypoparathyroidism: Musculoskeletal Manifestations Related to
Parathormone Deficiency
Authors: Slouma Maroua , Hannech Emna , Gharsallah Imen
Published: January 2024

Background:

Hypoparathyroidism is a rare metabolic disorder that can be responsible
for musculoskeletal manifestations.

Aim:

We present a systematic review of musculoskeletal manifestations of adult-onset nonsurgical
nongenetic hypoparathyroidism.

Methods:

A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline using the MEDLINE database, including
manuscripts describing musculoskeletal manifestations of adult-onset nonsurgical nongenetic hypoparathyroidism.

Result:

Musculoskeletal manifestations included myopathy, shoulder disorder, immune-negative
non-erosive peripheral arthritis, axial involvement simulating spondylarthritis, and diffuse ligamentous
ossifications. An association between hypoparathyroidism and spondyloarthritis or autoimmune
diseases is possible. T-cell activation, seen in patients with hypoparathyroidism, may
explain the co-occurrence of hypoparathyroidism with other autoimmune diseases.

:

The treatment of these manifestations is based on calcium and active vitamin D supplementation.
Parathyroid hormone may have an anabolic effect on muscle atrophy and muscle weakness.
Parathyroid hormone can also promote bone formation and bone resorption by stimulating osteoclast
differentiation by increasing RANKL (receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand)
expression. Therefore, hypoparathyroidism can be responsible for an increase in bone mineral density.
However, the risk of fractures does not appear to be reduced due to changes in bone microarchitecture
and the high risk of falls. Treatment with parathyroid hormone has been shown to improve
bone microarchitecture.

Conclusion:

Our review showed that musculoskeletal manifestations are frequent in patients with
hypoparathyroidism, including muscular, axial, peripheral articular, and entheseal manifestations.
Journey of Teplizumab: A Promising Drug in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sharma Nikita , Das Debashree Debasish , Chawla Pooja A.
Published: January 2024

:

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by CD4+ and CD8+
that are activated via CD3+ cells and finally lead to the macrophages destroying the beta cells in
the pancreas thereby causing diabetes. The anti-CD3 humanized monoclonal antibody was approved
on 17th November 2022 by the United States Food Drug Administration (USFDA) with
the name teplizumab and the brand name TZIELD. This is the only approved drug that treats
type 1 diabetes (T1D) by delaying the onset of stage 3 in type 1 diabetes (T1D). This review outlines
essential features of teplizumab including its brief introduction to its mechanism and other
therapies for the treatment and various risks as well as the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
of this disease and the clinical trial reports for the completed and ongoing therapies.
Cardiac Axis in Early Gestation and Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Carrasco D. , Guedes-Martins L.
Published: January 2024

Congenital heart defects represent the most common structural anomalies observed in
the fetal population, and they are often associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

:

The fetal cardiac axis, which indicates the orientation of the heart in relation to the chest wall, is
formed by the angle between the anteroposterior axis of the chest and the interventricular septum
of the heart. Studies conducted during the first trimester have demonstrated promising outcomes
with respect to the applicability of cardiac axis measurement in fetuses with congenital heart defects
as well as fetuses with extracardiac and chromosomal anomalies, which may result in improved
health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.

:

The main aim of this review article was to highlight the cardiac axis as a reliable and powerful
marker for the detection of congenital heart defects during early gestation, including defects that
would otherwise remain undetectable through the conventional four-chamber view.
Isocratic RP-HPLC Method Development, Validation, and Optimization
of BCS-II in Bulk and Dosage Form
Authors: Handa Uditi , Malik Anuj , Guarve Kumar , Jan Fatimah , Nagpal Kajal
Published: January 2024

Background::

Previous studies of dextromethorphan hydrobromide basically worked
on simultaneous research with other compounds. So, the development of a novel method using
the isocratic elution mode is needed.

Objective::

For the detection of dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DXM) in diverse matrices, a
straightforward, accurate, and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC technique using a Waters 2487
Dual λ Absorbance detector has been designed and validated.

Methods:

In this experimental work, utilizing methanol/pH 3.0 potassium dihydrogen phosphate
buffer (70:30, v/v) as the mobile phase, the separation was completed in 7 minutes on a C-18
HPLC column (4.6 cm length, 4.6 mm internal diameter; 5 μm particle size) utilizing an isocratic
elution mode, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and UV-detection at 278 nm. Integration of the
chromatography response was carried out using Empower 2.4 software

Results::

With an R2 of 0.9987, the current approach showed high linearity for DXM in the 10-
60 ppm range (retention time 4.281 ± 0.505 min). For DXM Hbr, the limits of detection (LOD
& LOQ) were 10.633 μg/mL and 32.221μg/mL, respectively. Samples remained stable in the
presence of the matrices without any apparent influence.

Conclusion::

The novel approach, which used a straightforward liquid/liquid extraction procedure
with recovery ranging from 100 ± 10 % performed by two different analytes, was accurate.
The precision within and between days was ≤ 2.0% (RSD). The technique was proven to
be reliable and repeatable, and it can be utilized with pharmacological (active ingredients, syrups)
and also for biological (blood) matrices which can be used in future research work for bioanalytical
method development such as pharmacokinetics studies.
Formulation, Analytical Method Development and Validation of an
Emulsion of Multi-enzyme with Carminative Oils
Authors: Kabiraj Amitava , Deshmukh Rohitas
Published: January 2024

Introduction::

Indigestion leading to Flatulence is a common problem for infants, and
tackling it is tedious for the parents. So, addressing the issue with an ideal formulation should likely
have a combination of digestive enzymes and carminatives.

Methods:

A formulation containing enzymes like Fungal Diastase (Amylase) and Papain (Protease)
for the digestion of Carbohydrates and Protein, respectively, along with aromatic, volatile, carminative
oils like Dill Oil, Anise Oil, and Caraway Oil can serve the purpose to mitigate problems associated
with infant indigestion and flatulence with maximum compliance.

Results:

The stability of multi-enzyme and analysis of carminative oil mixtures still need to be improved
due to their inherent characteristics. Enzymes are very likely susceptible to changes in temperature
and pH, while the solubility of carminative oils is minimal in the aqueous phase. Also,
each enzyme is stable in different pH ranges. Nine emulsions were developed using a suitable buffer
system and analyzed by HPLC method.

Conclusion::

The optimum pH range was found, and analytical method validation was done for the
method's accuracy, precision, and repeatability. The optimum pH was 6-6.5, and the active pharmaceutical
ingredients (API) assay was found within the acceptable limit of NLT, 90% for enzymes
and 90-110% for carminative oils.
Emerging Approaches for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Outlook
Authors: Kumari Priyanka , Jain Sanjay K. , Saraf Shivani , Tiwari Ankita , Panda Pritish , Verma Amit
Published: January 2024

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that causes pannus
formation, thickened synovium, joint bone reabsorption, and acute impairment, and increases
the death rate. Many people with RA now live better lives as a result of recent improvements
in treatment, which have dramatically slowed the disease's course. However, a significant
portion of patients continue to either be non-responsive to existing treatments or have
developed a resistance to them. Nanotechnology is becoming a more and more intriguing tool
for investigating novel strategies, ranging from treating various disease states to tackling complicated
conditions.

Objective:

The primary goal of the work was to outline the research activities on versatile
nanocarriers, like polymeric micelles, nanoparticles, liposomes, etc., with controlled/sustained
drug release patterns fabricated to elevate the effectiveness of drug delivery.

Methods:

This review mainly focuses on emerging strategies to deliver various nanocarriers
encapsulating anti-rheumatic drugs, enzymes, genes, phytoconstituents, etc. It also includes upto-
date progress regarding patents and clinical trials filed for the treatment of RA.

Results:

In most of the recent studies, nanocarrier-based drug delivery has gained attention
worldwide and led to the development of new approaches for treating RA. A better understanding
of pathophysiology and signalling pathways helps to select the antirheumatic drug. The encapsulation
of active moiety into the novel nanocarrier enhances the solubility of insoluble
drugs. It restricts the exposure of the drug to the non-inflamed site using various targeting strategies,
like active, passive, or biomimetic targeting and stimuli-responsive carrier systems to enhance
the drug delivery mechanism.

Conclusion:

A brief description of current RA treatments using nanocarrier technology is provided
in this paper, along with predictions for potential enhancements to the nanotherapeutic
regimen.
Prospects of Identifying Alternative Splicing Events from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data
Authors: Wang Jiacheng , Yuan Lei
Published: January 2024

Background:

The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has
offered unprecedented opportunities to unravel cellular heterogeneity and functions. Yet, despite
its success in unraveling gene expression heterogeneity, accurately identifying and interpreting
alternative splicing events from scRNA-seq data remains a formidable challenge. With advancing
technology and algorithmic innovations, the prospect of accurately identifying alternative splicing
events from scRNA-seq data is becoming increasingly promising.

Objective:

This perspective aims to uncover the intricacies of splicing at the single-cell level and
their potential implications for health and disease. It seeks to harness scRNA-seq's transformative
power in revealing cell-specific alternative splicing dynamics and aims to propel our understanding
of gene regulation within individual cells to new heights.

Methods:

The perspective grounds its method on recent literature along with the experimental
protocols of single-cell RNA-seq and methods to identify and quantify the alternative splicing
events from scRNA-seq data.

Results:

This perspective outlines the promising potential, challenges, and methodologies for leveraging
different scRNA-seq technologies to identify and study alternative splicing events, with a
focus on advancing our understanding of gene regulation at the single-cell level.

Conclusion:

This perspective explores the prospects of utilizing scRNA-seq data to identify and
study alternative splicing events, highlighting their potential, challenges, methodologies, biological
insights, and future directions.
Dog Bite Injury: Rusk Became a Risk - A Case Report
Authors: Nehru Sadasivam , Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , Cibee Nehru , Velmurugan Hemasri
Published: January 2024

Background:

Dog bites are a worldwide problem that disproportionately affects
children. It might be difficult to keep in mind that even a man's closest buddy can be dangerous
to people. In light of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with dog bites, we report, herein, an intriguing case in which a two-year-old boy appeared with eyelid facial lacerations as a result of a dog bite.

Case Presentation:

A two-year-old boy presented with bleeding around the right and left eyes.
Local examination of the eyes revealed laceration and disfiguration of the left orbit and abrasion
around the right eye. Preoperatively, parenteral antibiotics were started and continued postoperatively. Dressing was done for the right eye. Lid reconstruction surgery for the left eye was
scheduled and it was carried out under general anaesthesia. The child was monitored for a
month and showed satisfactory wound healing with no visible scars or complications.

Discussion:

The standard treatment for bites is direct suture, grafting, or local flaps, depending
on the type of wound and the surgeon's preference, regardless of the time since the attack.
Crush wounds are difficult to treat because the damage to the tissues is often so profound that
amputation is unavoidable.

Conclusion:

The global injuries caused by dog bites are the consequence of uncommon illnesses and often manifest as peri-orbital and ocular lesions. Most rabies cases occur in underserved
rural and urban areas, with a high frequency of stray dogs without immunisation.
Promising Influences of Moringa oleifera in Functional Foods against
Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive and Mechanistic Review
Authors: Masoumvand Mohammad , Ramezani Elmira , Rahimi Vafa Baradaran , Askari Vahid Reza
Published: January 2024

:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now considered a global issue with a growing financial
and health impact. Numerous herbal alternatives have been examined and researched due to
the ever-increasing demand for new medications to treat metabolic syndrome disorders. People
have empirically employed Moringa oleifera (MO), a native plant to several Asian nations, for a
variety of diseases. We sought to examine recent research on MO in MetS and its potential
mechanism of action in the current review. Four databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of
Sciences, and Google Scholar, were thoroughly searched, and the data were then compiled. In
total, 146 papers covering nonclinical and clinical MO investigations in metabolic syndromerelated
disorders are included in this study. Numerous research confirmed MO's positive impact
on the control of blood glucose, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Many molecular
processes have been investigated, including increasing glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression,
inhibition of β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), α-glucosidase
inhibiting, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and other suggested mechanisms.
The current review established much data favoring MO's potential advantages in metabolic syndrome.
However, further research involving human studies is required in this area to determine
whether Moringa can effectively treat metabolic syndrome.
D-Optimal Mixture Design Enabled Development of Lyophilized
Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Paliperidone
Authors: Das Prativa , Panda Jyanaranjan , Panigrahi Kahnu Charan , Patra Chinam Niranjan , Jena Goutam Kumar
Published: January 2024

Background:

Schizophrenia is a chronic disease with acute psychotic symptoms, which is having frequent recurrence. Paliperidone palmitate (PP) is a second-generation antipsy-chotic drug to treat schizophrenia.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to prepare lyophilized nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (NEDDS) of paliperidone (PD).

Objective:

The primary objective of the current research work was to develop a lyophilized nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (NEDDS) of paliperidone (PD) to improve its oral bioa-vailability and stability.

Methods:

Optimization using D-Optimal Mixture Design DMD) was conducted, and optimized NEDDS was further lyophilized to improve stability. The lyophilized optimized NEDDS was fur-ther evaluated for biopharmaceutical evaluation.

Result:

A saturation solubility study revealed Peceol, Tween 80, and Plurol Olique CC497 as suitable candidates for oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively. Optimized NEDDS of PD showed mean globule size (MGS) of 185 nm, PDI of 0.27 and cumulative % drug release within 15 min Q15 of 86.6%. Lyophilized optimized NEDDS was found to have no significant change in quality attributes within the stability study period. A pharmacokinetic study revealed more than two-fold increases in bioavailability for lyophilized optimized NEDDS.

Conclusion:

Hence, lyophilized NEDDS of PD can be used as an effective approach for the im-provement of oral bioavailability and stability.
Lipid-based Nanocarriers for mRNA Delivery: Vital Considerations and
Applications
Authors: Sharma Teenu , Babu M Arockia , Jain Atul , Sharma Deepika
Published: January 2024

The use of mRNA in therapeutics has lately emerged as a powerful strategy for alleviating
the various viral infections and diseased conditions, along with prophylaxis. However, a key challenge
in their efficient delivery is the protection of the nucleic acid from degradation followed by
mRNA transport to the cells. In this regard, clinical translation of mRNA therapeutics has largely
been facilitated with the advent of lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs). LBNPs–mRNA vaccines currently
being employed for Covid 19 is one such instance substantiating and endorsing the use of
lipidic nanocarriers for mRNA therapeutics. Thus, the current review article aims to furnish information
on developmental challenges, different aspects of lipid-based carrier systems for mRNA delivery,
their vital applications in different diseases and the future potential of LBNPs in therapeutics.
Structural Design and Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Short-column
Micro Piezoelectric Power Actuator
Authors: Li Huaiyong , Gao Shijie , Chen Zhong , Yin Yonghua
Published: January 2024

Background::

With the rapid development of science and technology, industrial products
continue to develop towards the direction of lightweight and miniaturization, and the demand
for power sources to drive micromachinery is increasing, so the patents related to microactuators
are also increasingly valued. The microactuator based on a piezoelectric drive converts the deformation
energy of the piezoelectric body into the kinetic energy of the transmission mechanism to
drive the output shaft rotation. The stator and the rotor of the existing actuator are the surface contact
with a certain preload force. After working for a long time, the contact surface will be lost due
to friction, which will reduce the response speed and rotation accuracy and even cause the rotor to
slip, affecting the actuator operating life.

Objective::

In order to solve the above technical problems, the author innovates the driving mode
between stator and rotor and proposes a novel short-column micro piezoelectric actuator based on
multi-tooth alternating meshing transmission.

Methods::

Firstly, the structure and operating principle of short-column micro piezoelectric power
actuator, which can realize linear motion into rotary motion, and has three main advantages: compactness
in size, multi-tooth meshing drive and large driving torque, are proposed and elucidated.
Secondly, the structure size of each component of the actuator is determined to complete the 3D
structure design. Thirdly, the modal analysis and the harmonic response analysis of the actuator
are studied. The frequency range of the sawtooth wave voltage excitation signal applied to the actuator
is determined. Finally, the prototype is made, and the performance test is carried out.

Results::

In this paper, a micro piezoelectric power actuator different from the existing patent is
proposed, which is assembled by a drive module, a transmission module, an elastic element, an
output shaft, a base module and a shell. The results show that when the excitation frequency applied
by the actuator is 157Hz, the amplitude of the tooth column along the axis of the actuator is
3.071mm, the axial amplitude of the output shaft is zero, and there is no axial motion. At this time,
the displacement of the tooth column is the largest, and the driving performance is the best. From
the experimental results, it can be seen that the prototype appears to have intermittent rotation under
this frequency excitation.

Conclusion::

The proposed micro piezoelectric power actuator adopts multi-tooth alternating
meshing between the stator and the rotor to transfer power, which changes the transmission mode
relying on friction in the existing technology, reduces the friction loss, avoids rotor slip, and improves
the response speed, rotation accuracy and operating life of the actuator. The research work
in this paper provides a new idea and a new method for the research and design of micromechanical
power sources.
Simulation and Experimental Study on Corona Noise Distribution of UHV Transmission Lines
Authors: Zhao Guo , Haoran Song , Heping Zhu , Shulin Li
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

The rise of ultra-high voltage AC grids creates corona noise, which is
crucial for assessing transmission line environments.

Methods:

This paper analyzes corona noise distribution around AC transmission lines using a 3D
model for quantitative assessment. We employ the Finite Element Method, and factors like electric
field intensity, conductor splitting, and sag are considered. Corona noise is calculated using
CEPRI prediction equations and validated with field data.

Results:

We found strong corona noise concentrating within a 20 m lateral and 240 m vertical radius.
Within 50 m, lateral attenuation is 3.6%, and longitudinal attenuation is 3.3%.

Conclusion:

This research provides insights for monitoring and controlling corona noise in
transmission line design and operation.
Current Research and Future Directions in Image Restoration Technology: An Emerging Field
Authors: Kumari Neelam , Kansal Isha , Sharma Preeti
Published: January 2024

A review and analysis of digital image restoration are provided in this work. The goal
of image restoration is to enhance the quality of an image by understanding the physical process
that created it. The purpose of picture restoration is to cover up or correct flaws that lower an image's
quality. Motion blur, noise, and difficulty focusing the camera are just a few examples of
how degradation can manifest itself. When there is motion blur, for example, it is possible to "undo"
the blurring function and return the image to its previous state. The best course of action when
noise distorts an image is to fix the damage it causes. In contrast to image enhancement, which focuses
more on highlighting or extracting picture features than on restoring degradations, image restoration
restores degraded images. While the mathematical representation of enhancement criteria is challenging,
image restoration difficulties may be properly quantified. Restoration of images began in the 1950s.
Application areas for image restoration include consumer photography, legal investigations, filmmaking and
rivalries, image and video decoding, and scientific research. Image reconstruction in radio astronomy, radar
imaging, and tomography is the principal area of use. This study proposal explores various image restoration
methods and discusses the value of image restoration techniques.
The Impact of Occupational Health and Safety on Company Performance
Authors: Firescu Violeta
Published: January 2024

The chapter focuses on presenting data regarding the influence of
occupational health and safety interventions on organizational performance. The main
objective is to present examples of monitoring data, investments, actions, and hazard
prevention programs mentioned by companies in their sustainability reports.
Ergonomics interventions can be an opportunity for prevention and reducing
occupational risks, as the ISO 45001:2018 standard mentions. Occupational Health and
Safety connects with Ergonomics and Human Factors through programs for “reducing
the risk at source”, controlling occupational diseases, and creating healthy workplaces
and working environments, in order to increase social and economic organizational
performance. The chapter is structured in five sections. After the introduction, the main
coordinates of health and safety monitoring data are presented. In the third section,
there is an overview of hazard prevention programs. The fourth section presents
ergonomics and human factor interventions mentioned by companies with a high Dow
Jones ranking score in Occupational Health and Safety (S&P OHS score).The last part
highlights the impact of occupational health and safety programs on social and
economic performance.
OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN HİZMETKÂR LİDERLİĞİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN ALGILARI
Authors: Suçiçeği Aynur , Kıral Erkan
Published: January 2024

Araştırma, okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderliğine ilişkin öğretmenlerin algılarını ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla betimsel tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Araştırma 473 öğretmenle yürütülmüştür. Verilerinin toplanmasında “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Hizmetkâr Liderlik Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel ve kanıtlamasal istatistik teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderliğine ilişkin öğretmenlerin algısı, en yüksek düzeyde güven, en düşük düzeyde alçak gönüllülük boyutlarında bulunmuştur. Genel hizmetkâr liderlik algısı çok yüksektir. Öğretmenlerin okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderliğine ilişkin algıları, öğretmenlerin medeni durumuna, yaşına, görev durumuna, okuldaki çalışma süresine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemiş ancak cinsiyetine, eğitim durumuna ve görev yaptıkları okul kademesine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Erkek öğretmenlerin okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderliğin alçak gönüllülük boyutundaki algıları kadın öğretmenlerden yüksektir. Lisans mezunu öğretmenlerin okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderliğin otantiklik boyutundaki algıları lisansüstü mezunu öğretmenlerden yüksektir. Lisede görev yapan öğretmenlerin güçlendirme, güven, okul çevre ilişkileri, alçak gönüllülük boyutlarında ve genel hizmetkâr liderlik bağlamında okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderliğine ilişkin algıları ortaokulda görev yapan öğretmenlerden düşüktür. Otantiklik ve etik davranma boyutlarında ilkokul ve ortaokulda görev yapan öğretmenlerden de düşüktür. Araştırma sonunda okul yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik düzeylerinin korunması, lisans mezunu öğretmenlerin otantik liderlik algılarının yüksek çıkmasının nedenlerinin araştırılması gibi çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.