bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To save Sisyphus and avoid the Happiness Ward: modern discussions on the meaning of life
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Lokhov Sergey A. , Mamchenkov Dmitry V. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Published: December 2024

The article reveals the antinomy arising in modern naturalistic discussions on the meaning of life. Nihilism, supranaturalism, and naturalism are the three main approaches within which the philosophical discussion about the meaning of life develops in the 21st century. Naturalism, being the most popular version, assumes that the answer to the question of the meaning of life combines three incompatible characteristics: objectivity, immanence, and free acceptance (non-determinism). The paper demonstrates contradiction resulting from extreme naturalistic approaches proclaiming subjectivism, transcendence, or determinism. At the same time, any of the existing materialistic concepts is forced either to accept these characteristics or to assume an absurd solution, which is illustrated by the thought experiment «Save Sisyphus». What could philosophers offer Sisyphus, being the personification of meaningless labor, as the meaning of life? The other extreme, which arises when subjectivizing the meaning of life, is demonstrated in the «Happiness Ward» thought experiment: is there anything that can keep a person from striving to get into an installation that directly stimulates the brain pleasure centers for an indefinitely long time? The only productive solution to this problem is to shift the focus of naturalism from the «meaning of life» to the «purpose of life». A person independently and freely forms the purpose of his life, but, at the same time, the purpose becomes objective as it is realized. The applicability of this approach is illustrated by another thought experiment e2-e4: a single chess move may have its own goal, and this purpose will become more and more real as the player’s plan unfolds. At the same time, the game of chess itself, according to the essence of any game, is meaningless.
Preferences of those interested in urban socio-cultural events: a three-component approach to research and management
Authors:   Ural Institute of Management (Branch) of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Shelginskaya Victoria A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the perception of various elements of sociocultural events based on which management decisions can be optimized to achieve the strategic goals of the initiator. A three-component principle is proposed for considering the structure of event-management processes: infrastructure management (material environment), information and communication management (information environment), social management (social environment). Using this principle as a methodological basis made it possible to implement a comprehensive approach to research that is relevant to the objective conditions of the sociocultural environment specifics. Based on an empirical study, the article shows the peculiarities of perception of various elements of events and of organizational work by those interested, demonstrates their motivation. The paper reveals sources of obtaining information about the event, assessing its significance, and secondary audiences for its dissemination. The features of social interaction between visitors of events are shown, including the aspect of influence of reference groups or individuals. The author traces the relationships between a number of elements of the event and such factors as the city specifics, the type of events usually attended, gender, and age. In the discussion section, the paper highlights the problem of heterogeneity in the community of those interested in events, identifies a number of vectors for further research based on the table of contingency analysis, puts forward a hypothesis about interdeteminacy of staing at social events. The article argues for: the integrative approach to communication policy instead of the integrated one; focus on the identified specifics when attracting visitors while taking into account variability and flexibility of their behavior and perception at the event itself; focus on the potential of social technologies when working with visitors. The results and conclusions obtained are of interest to specialists in creative industries or social management in the field of culture who use event activities to achieve the strategic goals of organizations.
Diversificação da cadeia produtiva de ovos e as oportunidades para os produtores expandirem seus negócios
Authors: Guastali Ana Carolina da Angela , Pigatto Gessuir , Pigatto Giuliana Aparecida Santini , Simões Rebeca Delatore , Andrade Maria Aparecida Flores de Sousa Junqueira de
Published: December 2024

The egg industry is an essential part of the Brazilian economy, as it provides an important source of protein for the population. Additionally, it is a sector responsible for generating significant employment and income for a large portion of the population. However, despite its importance, the egg industry in Brazil faces several challenges in different aspects. Considering the rapid progress in laying hen production and the growing demand for high-quality protein, the sector must continue evolving to meet new market demands and challenges. To ensure its sustainability and competitiveness, one way is through the diversification of the egg production chain, focusing on market, business, and production levels. Thus, this study aims to analyze the diversification of the egg production chain in Brazil, emphasizing its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations in 2015. A literature review methodology was adopted, encompassing peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, and relevant published works. Despite the limited number of studies on the subject, an integrated analysis shows that diversification techniques have become a promising option to boost the egg market, as consumers are increasingly demanding and concerned about the quality, health impact, and environmental sustainability of products and foods.
Método de tratamento para sacos de cimento e provável reuso
Authors: Ricardo Ricardo , Poliana Poliana , Vieira Leonardo
Published: December 2024

Considering the potential depletion of natural resources, the improper disposal of solid waste in construction, and, most importantly, the pursuit of strategies to reduce emissions of gases such as CO₂, this study aims to present a methodology designed to minimize the environmental impact caused by the disposal of kraft paper bags contaminated with Portland cement, as well as the consumption of sand. This is achieved by treating the bags with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), processing, and transforming them into a low-granularity by-product, partially replacing sand in the production of rendering mortar. The obtained by-product was characterized and introduced into the mortar in proportions of 2% and 4% relative to the sand mass. The properties of the mortars were assessed in both fresh and hardened states. The results demonstrate that the use of treated kraft paper can reduce natural resource consumption, providing a sustainable and technical alternative for the disposal of cement-contaminated bags. At the current stage of the study, reductions in mortar density and increases in fluidity by 12% and 2%, respectively, were observed. In addition to its technical feasibility regarding mechanical strength, a method was established to dispose of bags contaminated with Portland cement while reducing sand consumption. Given that cement bags remain indispensable at present, this study offers a contribution that can evolve sustainably.
Descriptive Analysis of the Recommendations in Dissertations on Parental Involvement in Early Childhood Education in Türkiye
Authors: Kaya Ümit Ünsal , Uyanık Aktulun Özgün
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to descriptively analyze the recommendations sections of doctoral dissertations focused on parental involvement in early childhood education in Türkiye. The study examined a total of seven doctoral dissertations conducted at various universities in Türkiye and published in the Thesis Center of the Turkish Higher Education Council. The recommendations sections of these dissertations were evaluated using content analysis, identifying the stakeholders (parents, teachers, Ministry of Education, researchers, NGOs) to whom the recommendations were directed and the themes around which they concentrated (development of parental involvement processes, teacher training, policy development, etc.). The findings indicate that the majority of the recommendations are aimed at teachers and parents, with a strong focus on the development of parental involvement processes and teacher training. Additionally, a significant portion of the recommendations was found to be feasible in the short term, providing practical insights for immediate implementation. The analysis further revealed that recommendations targeting policymakers emphasize the importance of long-term strategies, including policy development and legal regulations. These results suggest that efforts to increase parental involvement in early childhood education in Türkiye require both short-term practical implementations and long-term strategic planning. The study underscores the critical role of parental involvement in early childhood education and highlights the need for further interdisciplinary research to explore its multifaceted nature and its implications for diverse socioeconomic and cultural contexts.
Свобода распространения информации в свете действующих норм международного права
Authors: Ганюшкина Елена
Published: December 2024

Свобода информации является предметом обсуждения с первых дней работы органов ООН. По этой проблематике приняты многочисленные рекомендательные нормы, введен в действие ряд международных договоров на универсальном и региональном уровне. Несмотря на это, в деле реализации свободы информации остается еще очень много невыясненного. Настоящая статья рассматривает только часть этой большой проблемы — какова должна быть степень свободы информации, когда процесс ее распространения осуществляется через средства массовой информации. Позиция государств в этом плане далека от единых подходов. То, что было очевидным для большинства государств сразу после окончания Второй мировой войны, в наши дни подвергается существенной ревизии. Это не способствует укреплению взаимопонимания разных народов и даже может способствовать ухудшению межгосударственных отношений. Вопреки мнению некоторых ученых о том, что сложились и реализуются принципы и нормы международного права, составляющие «право массовой информации», автор настоящей статьи склонен поддержать точку зрения о нецелесообразности искусственного отделения права массовой информации от технических и содержательных аспектов информационного права в целом, а также против выделения проблем международно-правового регулирования международных информационных отношений из контекста действующих в системе международного права отраслей. Большинство принципов, сформулированных исследователями для международного информационного права, одновременно являются принципами права массовой информации. Нет общепризнанного определения понятия «массовая информация», что затрудняет выработку общих подходов государств в области регламентации тех средств, с помощью которых обеспечивается широкое распространение информации в обществе. В статье приведены сведения о наиболее важных для современного состояния международных отношений направлениях сотрудничества государств в сфере распространения информации; представлена информация о новых проектах, внесенных на рассмотрение различных международных организаций; очерчен круг потенциально возможных форматов обсуждения проблем распространения информации на межгосударственном уровне; рассмотрены наиболее интересные для понимания того, насколько абсолютна свобода распространения информации, дела международных судов. Государства для поддержания международного мира и стабильности должны искать общие подходы, независимо от того, какие технические средства используются.
Современные подходы к правовому регулированию срочных трудовых договоров в странах Европейского Союза: проблемы и пути решения
Authors: Батусова Екатерина
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена рассмотрению существующих подходов к правовому регулированию срочных трудовых договоров в ряде стран Европейского Союза (ЕС). Анализируется влияние Директивы ЕС о срочных трудовых договорах 1999 г. на трудовое законодательство ряда стран Европейского Союза. В частности, рассмотрены акты Германии, Великобритании, Бельгии и др. Обосновывается вывод, что все страны ЕС имплементировали в свое трудовое законодательство основные положения Директивы ЕС о срочных трудовых договорах. Однако правовой механизм реализации норм Директивы на национальном уровне имеет специфику. Она определяется характерными особенностями фундаментальных основ трудового права стран ЕС. Ввиду этого можно заключить, что, несмотря на общность в правовом регулировании срочных трудовых договоров, существуют различные подходы к решению проблем их заключения, изменения и прекращения. Это, прежде всего, относится к наличию или отсутствию закрепления целей и задач правового регулирования в специальных актах. Некоторые акты содержат специальные понятия, например, понятий «работник по срочному трудовому договору»; «постоянный работник, сравнимый с работником по срочному трудовому договору». Существуют разные подходы к определению сторон такого договора. В национальном акте закрепляется либо перечень субъектов, на которых он распространяется, а также субъектов, на которых он распространяется при определенных условиях, либо на которых он не распространяется, основания заключения срочных трудовых договоров. Важно отметить и закрепление принципа устранения дискриминации в отношении таких работников. Элементы механизма предотвращения дискриминации, как правило, выражаются в установлении максимальной суммарной продолжительности последовательно заключенных срочных трудовых договоров, возможности определения максимальной продолжительности и максимального количества срочных трудовых договоров на уровне социального партнерства, в закреплении момента, с которого работник при заключении с ним нескольких срочных трудовых договоров считается постоянным, и оснований прекращения срочных трудовых договоров. Правовое регулирование в рассматриваемых странах строится на признании срочных трудовых договоров в качестве нетипичной формы занятости и признании трудового договора на неопределенный срок как основного вида трудового договора для обеспечения занятости в рассматриваемых странах.
Кодификация коллизионного регулирования внедоговорных обязательств в штате Орегон (США)
Authors: Гетьман-Павлова Ирина , Каримова Луиза
Published: December 2024

Процесс кодификации международного частного права имеет глобальный характер и затрагивает в том числе страны общего права, традиционно не склонные к систематизации статутного законодательства. В этом отношении очень показателен законодательный опыт штата Орегон (США), предпринявшего масштабную кодификацию правил выбора применимого права в сфере сроков исковой давности, договорных и внедоговорных обязательств. В статье анализируется Акт о выборе права, применимого к деликтным и иным внедоговорным обязательствам, принятый в Орегоне в 2009 г. Орегонская кодификация коллизионного регулирования внедоговорных обязательств представляет особый интерес, поскольку главным «полем боя» американской коллизионной революции было именно рассмотрение споров из причинения вреда. Кроме того, Орегон — это штат общего права, не имеющий устойчивых традиций кодификации статутного законодательства, и писаное право Орегона представляет собой любопытный пример специфики законопроектной деятельности в общем праве. В статье исследуются как основные положения Акта, так и их толкование, представленное в официальном Комментарии Комиссии по праву штата Орегон. Основой выбора применимого права является гибкий коллизионный подход, т.е. выявление права, тесно связанного с отношением посредством установления «уместных контактов». Одновременно орегонский законодатель формулирует и определенные коллизионные привязки: право местожительства (местопребывания) сторон, право места совершения деликта и причинения вреда. В статье сделан вывод, что точки зрения общей методологии Акт 2009 г. основаны на сочетании коллизионных подходов и коллизионных норм. Общий коллизионный подход сформулирован посредством гибкой коллизионной клаузулы — это применение права, «наиболее подходящего» для разрешения спора. Одновременно в Акте сформулированы конкретные коллизионные нормы для большинства возможных вопросов, возникающих в деликтных спорах. Этот документ основан на достижениях американской коллизионной революции, и его нормы можно рассматривать как систематизацию всего коллизионного опыта США.
О «самостоятельной» ответственности в исполнительном производстве?
Authors: Гальперин Михаил
Published: December 2024

В статье автор критикует «отраслевой» подход к классификации юридической ответственности, демонстрирует его теоретическую несостоятельность, в том числе на примере ответственности в исполнительном производстве. Признается, что «отраслевой подход» не имеет объективных критериев и не обладает практической ценностью для развития законодательства. При рассмотрении позиций авторов, использующих «отраслевой подход», предмет и метод отрасли права как критерии классификации мер юридической ответственности, следует признать, что такие позиции часто содержат внутренние противоречия, основываются на субъективных научных категориях. Предмет и метод права в традиционном их понимании сами по себе не могут служить основанием для выделения «самостоятельной» ответственности в той или иной сфере. Необходимо оценивать конкретный юридический режим применения ответственности, обусловленный целями, задачами,принципами соответствующей области регулирования. По итогам анализа существующих позиций относительно «самостоятельности» исполнительного производства и «исполнительно-процессуальной ответственности», которые во многом отражают общую дискуссию о делении права на отрасли, делается вывод о том, что схоластические рассуждения часто отвлекают исследователей от обсуждения конкретных проблем формирования целостной системы мер ответственности в исполнительном производстве. В статье приводятся примеры дублирования мер ответственности, их трансформации, влекущей снижение гарантий прав и интересов субъектов исполнительного производства, иные проблемы построения современной и эффективной системы принуждения в исполнительном производстве. Вместо постоянного расширения мер принуждения в отношении должника в исполнительном производстве, которое не приводит к положительному результату, предлагается, наконец, гармонизировать существующие меры принуждения друг с другом, установить их очередность, предусмотреть порядок применения, соответствующий требованиям соразмерности и справедливости, положениям Конституции РФ. По мнению автора, сегодня необходим именно «качественный», в не «количественный» подход к совершенствованию законодательства об исполнительном производстве. Статья основывается не только на анализе позиций, изложенных в юридической литературе, но и на конкретных примерах из законодательства и актуальной судебной практики, рассмотрении механизмов гражданско-правовой, административной, процессуальной, уголовной ответственности в сфере исполнительного производства.
Соотношение государственного суверенитета и принципа уважения прав человека в контексте применения международно-правовых мер принуждения
Authors: Беззубцев Владимир
Published: December 2024

Права человека традиционно рассматривались как категория, противостоящая государственному суверенитету и государственной власти. Начиная с 1990-х гг. в западной (прежде всего в американской) доктрине международного права высказывались точки зрения, что принцип уважения и защиты прав человека должен получить приоритет над остальными основополагающими принципами международного права, прежде всего, принципом невмешательства во внутренние дела, а в определенных случаях — и над принципом неприменения силы. Что касается государственного суверенитета, то в условиях глобализации стало принято говорить о снижении его роли в связи, в частности, с тем, что права человека должны получить универсальное значение и стать предметом ответственности всего международного сообщества. В настоящей статье обосновывается несоответствие таких подходов современным реалиям международной практики. Неконструктивным является противопоставление суверенитета государства (его независимости на международной арене и верховенства во внутренних делах) требованию уважения и защиты прав человека. На примере, в частности, ситуации на Ближнем Востоке проиллюстрировано, что государство продолжает оставаться основным институтом, обеспечивающим основополагающие права человека, — только в условиях стабильного политического режима может быть гарантировано устойчивое экономическое развитие и защита человеческих прав. Ответственность международного сообщества как минимум, в настоящий период, не может заменить активной роли государства: основная ответственность за обеспечение прав населения ложится на национальные государства. Прогрессивное развитие международного права должно быть направлено на укрепление стабильности и институтов управления в проблемных регионах. В связи с тем, что основным трендом развития международных отношений сегодня является региональная интеграция, будет возрастать роль региональных организаций, в том числе в области обеспечения прав человека. В этих условиях ООН необходимо выстраивать систему более тесного взаимодействия с региональными интеграционными институтами.
Новый кодекс гражданского судопроизводства: каким ему быть?
Authors: Алексеевская Екатерина
Published: December 2024

В рамках законотворческой работы над едиными правилами гражданского судопроизводства, которые будут применяться судами общей юрисдикции и арбитражными судами, автор обращает внимание на проблему унификации и кодификации принципов судопроизводства. Обосновывается тезис о необходимости использования более широкого подхода: включения в новый кодекс как основных, межотраслевых принципов и институтов, так и принципов международного права в области обеспечения прав, свобод и законных интересов человека, в том числе правосудием. На основе анализа основных положений и принципов международного права автор делает вывод, что имеется необходимость закрепления в новом кодексе принципов справедливого судебного разбирательства: быть осведомленным в отношении дела, затрагивающего права, свободы и законные интересы; свободно осуществлять процессуальные права; пользоваться бесплатной юридической помощью в случаях, предусмотренных законом; соблюдение частных и публичных интересов; соблюдение правовой определенности. При этом акцентируется внимание, что одна часть принципов концепции справедливого судебного разбирательства уже знакома гражданскому и арбитражному процессам, а другая их часть известна лишь по постановлениям Европейского Суда по правам человека по жалобам против Российской Федерации. Однако механическое перенесение уже закрепленных принципов цивилистического процесса в новый кодекс не будет соответствовать задачам и цели гражданского судопроизводства. Принципы гражданского судопроизводства необходимо осмыслить с учетом прогрессивно развивающихся правоотношений, судебной практики, в том числе Европейского Суда по правам человека. Автор на примере реализации принципов публичности и рассмотрения дела в разумный срок наглядно демонстрирует объективную необходимость обновления содержания принципов гражданского судопроизводства с учетом использования электронных публичных сервисов. Автор обращает внимание на необходимость установления единого уровня правовых гарантий, которые вытекают из общепризнанных принципов международного права соблюдения прав, свобод и законных интересов в судебных и внесудебных процедурах.
RELATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINIAN MIGRANTS’ SOCIAL IDENTITY AND THEIR SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kovalenko A. B. , Hryshchuk E. Yu. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sharapa S. V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article presents the study on the social identity of forced migrants from Ukraine. Social identity is considered as a complex phenomenon, an individual’s internal dynamic structure that appears and functions basing on a sense of belonging to certain social categories.
Describing themselves, Ukrainian forced migrants indicated their family, educational and professional roles, group affiliation, local identity; they also showed signs of communicative, active and reflective identity. Perspective identity was absent and social roles significantly predominated individual ones, which indicated a strong tendency to self-protection, fear of self-disclosure, insufficient confidence. Integration was dominant acculturation strategy. At the same time, the respondents had low life satisfaction.
The sample was divided into to groups: adapted and non-adapted respondents. Adapted people indicated mainly their family, educational and professional roles, group affiliation; they felt physical and social security, had positive attitude towards others, a sense of belonging to a new society, were ready to cooperate with it; they used an integration strategy. When describing themselves, maladapted people preferred to describe their interests, passions, competences and abilities; they experienced strong internal disharmony aggravated by the feeling that expectations related to social or professional position could not meet, low self-esteem, a sense of hopelessness, helplessness in the face of life’s difficulties; they used the marginalization strategy. Situational characteristics, roles or statuses frequently mentioned in self-descriptions by adapted people were related with low indicators for complicated types of adaptation - depression, nostalgia and alienation. Their social identity was related with the most adaptive and productive integration strategy. The characteristics of their social identity were related to conditionally objective criteria of life satisfaction. The characteristics of maladapted people’s social identity were related with maladaptive types – conformity, depression, alienation, with a positive assessment of the external, formal characteristics of one’s life, and related negatively with life satisfaction, experience of life events and the desire to change it. A common tendency for the studied two groups was that situational identity related only weakly such maladaptive acculturation strategies as segregation and marginalization.
Dealing with Force Limiting Error Due to Adaptive Fixturing Mass
Authors: Van Dyke Michael B.
Published: December 2024

For implementing force limiting during a shaker vibration test it is often necessary to add adaptive fixturing above the force transducers as an interface to the test article mount points. Since the measured force contribution due to this added mass influences the force-limited input notching, the standard recommended practice is to limit adaptive fixturing mass to 10% of the total mass above the force transducers to minimize the notching error. However, it is sometimes difficult to design interface fixturing that can meet that mass-limiting criterion while maintaining the requisite rigidity to avoid dynamic influence of the fixturing. This paper develops a quantification of the notching error due to adaptive fixturing mass, along with nominal force sensitivity and mass measurement error, and recommends approaches for reducing or otherwise evaluating the effect of this error to aid in fixturing design that may exceed the 10% mass criterion.
Planilha eletrônica para o dimensionamento de estruturas de madeira de coberturas em duas águas de acordo com a ABNT NBR 7190:2022
Authors: Luz Oliveira Luis Enaiton , Costa Lima Júnior Ismar , Martins Fontes do Rêgo Eduardo
Published: December 2024

A norma ABNT NBR 7190 para dimensionamento de estruturas de madeira foi atualizada em 2022, substituindo a versão de 1997. Lima Júnior e Rêgo (2023) automatizaram as etapas de dimensionamento conforme a norma de 1997 com uma planilha eletrônica e um dashboard. Este trabalho visa atualizar essa planilha para atender às novas recomendações da ABNT NBR 7190 (2022). A ferramenta em Excel permite que o usuário insira dados de entrada e realize cálculos automaticamente para elementos do telhado (ripas, caibros, terças e tesouras do tipo Howe), considerando ligações entalhadas. A verificação mostrou variações inferiores a 0,18% comparada aos novos critérios. A ferramenta é gratuita e acessível via Google Drive e OneDrive.
Recent trends & advances in clinical pediatric dentistry
Authors: Sheikh Akib , Ballal K. Raksha , Pai Lakshmi , Bhat Sham S , Hegde Sundeep
Published: December 2024

Successful practice management in pediatric dentistry requires a comprehensive and patient-focused approach that prioritizes efficient operations, effective communication, staff training, financial management, and strategic marketing efforts. Effective patient management in pediatric dentistry begins with establishing a clear practice philosophy that prioritizes the well-being and comfort of young patients. Consistent and effective communication with both patients and their parents is also crucial. This includes providing clear instructions for at-home care, explaining treatment options in an understandable manner, and addressing any concerns or questions promptly. Staff training is also critical to ensure that all team members are well-equipped to provide high-quality care and service to pediatric patients. Financial management involves proper billing procedures, insurance processing, and financial planning. Marketing strategies tailored to reach parents and caregivers are essential for attracting new patients and building a strong reputation in the community. By implementing these key elements, pediatric dental practices can thrive and provide exceptional care to their young patients.
New understanding of the systematic relation to the etiology of dental caries
Authors: Sargod Sharan S , Shifana A Fathimath , Rao H T Ajay , Hegde Nanditha
Published: December 2024

Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, affecting over half of the global population. The incidence and prevalence of caries have significantly increased in modern times. Various theories have been proposed to explain the etiopathogenesis of dental caries, but many questions remain unanswered despite their popularity. A healthy tooth is well-designed to withstand a harsh oral environment, as it cleanses itself from the inside out. Dental caries indicate that the tooth's fluid flow has been halted or reversed, compromising its defenses. The local process of enamel demineralization by bacterial acid is significantly influenced by nutrition, especially refined carbohydrates like sugar. However, the vulnerability of the tooth begins in the hypothalamus, where changes are initiated in the dentinal fluid flow. Therefore, nutrition plays a crucial role in both the systemic and local aspects of this process. The systemic concept of dental caries recognizes that the process is multifactorial. While reducing sugar intake and oral bacteria counts is important, enhancing the body's defenses with an antioxidant-rich diet, including fruits, vegetables, and vitamin K2, may be even more vital in reducing vulnerability to caries. This systemic approach represents a significant paradigm shift from the traditional 'acid theory' of dental caries, which focused primarily on the local effects of bacterial acid on tooth enamel. Acknowledging the multifactorial nature of dental caries has important implications for future prevention efforts. Instead of solely focusing on reducing sugar consumption and bacterial counts, promoting a diet rich in antioxidants and essential nutrients can strengthen the body's defenses against caries. This holistic approach could lead to more effective strategies for preventing dental caries and improving overall oral health.
Effectiveness of oral health education on caregivers in improving oral health status among 3-6 years old school children in Nellore city – A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rekha Mada Udaya , Gomasani Srinivasulu , Kumar R V S Krishna , Prasanth P. S
Published: December 2024

Oral health is a vital component of overall well-being, particularly during early childhood development. The early years, specifically between the ages of 3 to 6, mark a crucial period for establishing oral hygiene habits and preventing dental issues that can persist into adulthood. In this context, caregivers play a pivotal role as primary influencers in shaping children's oral health behaviors and practices. The aim of this study is the effect of critical role of caregiver education in promoting oral health status among 3 to 6-year-old children.

A total of 400 caregivers with 3-6 years old children were randomly assigned into two groups: Group 1 (verbal + pamphlets) and Group 2 (verbal+ pamphlets + visual). Clinical examination was carried out to record oral health status (OHIS-M) in children. REALD-30 and CRA-RT were given to caregivers to assess oral health literacy and knowledge about their children before and after intervention respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive analysis and paired t - test were used to test intervention impact.

Among 376 caregivers/children, mean age of children were 5.28 years. After the intervention, Group 2 shows more significant difference between REALD-30 and OHIS-M when compared to Group 1 (p < 0.05).

Verbal, Pamphlets and Visual aids (Group 2) were more effective in improving oral health status in children as compared to other group.
Understanding mucormycosis: A questionnaire-based study on dentists knowledge, awareness, and attitude in Uttarakhand
Authors: Kumar Varun , Talele Shubham , Seth Jyotsna , Arya Geeta
Published: December 2024

Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal opportunistic fungal illness that is brought on by molds from the Zygomycetes class, specifically the Mucorales order.It predominantly affects individuals with diabetes and compromised immune systems. In India, the number of COVID-19 cases has significantly increased recently. The unexpected surge in mucormycosis cases has prompted several Indian states and union territories to designate the disease an epidemic, placing further strain on the already overworked healthcare system.

To evaluate Uttarakhand dentists’ attitude, knowledge, and awareness of mucormycosis.

A study assessing dentists in Uttarakhand's knowledge, understanding, and attitudes regarding mucormycosis was carried out between May and June of 2024. The fourteen online survey was distributed to recent graduates, postgraduate (MDS) students, MDS faculty members employed as academic staff in dental colleges, and local private practitioners.

In this research, 218 dentists took part and the average scores for knowledge and awareness among participants were 58.03% and 85.9%, respectively.

Enhancing dentists’ knowledge and perspectives on mucormycosis, a recently identified public health concern, is essential. Standard care for mucormycosis must include early detection, risk factor minimization, and underlying condition management. Patients with predisposed circumstances require a high degree of suspicion, which healthcare providers must maintain to diagnose the disease quickly. This emphasizes how crucial an interdisciplinary team approach is to the diagnosis and care of those afflicted with this condition.
Evaluating smiles: A survey on patient satisfaction post complete denture prosthesis insertion
Authors: Kumar Varun , Saini Ashish , Seth Jyotsna , Arya Geeta , Chauhan Shradha
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate patient satisfaction following the insertion of complete denture prostheses.

The objectives include assessing patient satisfaction across several dimensions: retention, appearance, pronunciation, chewing, denture finishing, and overall satisfaction.

A survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted. Patient satisfaction levels were measured on a scale ranging from "very happy" to "not at all happy". The study sample comprised 118 participants, determined using appropriate formulas for cross-sectional studies.

Results indicate notable satisfaction levels among participants. Specifically, 63% were satisfied with the fit of their upper denture, and 40% with their lower denture fitting. Aesthetic satisfaction was reported by 46% for denture color and 50% for teeth color. Satisfaction with facial appearance post-denture insertion was noted in 52% of respondents. Additionally, 36% expressed satisfaction with speech, 29% with mastication, 44% with denture smoothness, and 61% with overall denture satisfaction.

This study highlights the crucial role of complete denture prostheses in enhancing patient satisfaction across various aspects. While satisfaction levels with denture fit, aesthetics, and overall experience are notably high, opportunities for improvement exist in speech clarity and mastication effectiveness.
Comparison of dimensional accuracy of digital impression technique versus conventional impression technique on parallel endosseous dental implants: An in vitro study
Authors: Kumar Varun , Talele Shubham , Seth Jyotsna
Published: December 2024

To create an implant prosthesis that fits well, a precise implant impression is necessary. This in vitro study assessed the dimensional accuracy of open tray impressions vs digital impressions taken with an intraoral scanner for tracking the locations of parallel-placed endosseous implants.

Two parallel endosseous implants were positioned in a mandibular customized model made up of epoxy resin at the first premolar sites. The inter-implant distance was measured using a Co-ordinate Measuring Machine (SIPCON SVI CNC 3D). Conventional open tray impressions were made using addition silicone, while digital impressions were captured with an intraoral scanner (CEREC OMNICAM). A total of 10 impressions were collected for both techniques. The inter-implant distance for both groups was measured using the analyzing tool in CEREC Dentsply Sirona software and compared with the CMM readings.

The mean values of the two groups were compared using a Student's t-test, and statistical significance was established using a p-value threshold of less than 0.05. A p-value of 0.547 for the Open Tray group i.e more than 0.05—showed no statistical significance. When compared to other groups, the digital scan group showed statistically significant outcomes with a p-value of 0.031, which is less than 0.05.

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the results showed that digital impressions demonstrated significantly greater dimensional accuracy compared to conventional (open tray) impressions for parallel-placed endosseous implants.
Surgical extrusion of multiple teeth with crown-root fracture rehabilitated by richmond crown: A case report
Authors: Anayat Sadiya , Malik Azhar , Kumar Ajay , Dhani Rachna , Anjum Shamim , Shafi Insha
Published: December 2024

This case study discusses the use of surgical extrusion as a tangential treatment plan for an upper incisor fracture. A male patient of 20 years old who had fractures to his maxillary anterior teeth came to our department. The teeth were cracked due to a violent injury. The root canal treatment of teeth was done prior to being surgically extruded. In order to minimize injury to the marginal alveolar bone, atraumatic surgical extrusion of the teeth was carried out by softly luxating and extruding to the ideal position. A semi-rigid splinting was done for 2 weeks and complete restoration involving a Richmond crown was set after 6 weeks.
The beauty of balance: Non-surgical facial asymmetry correction by mandible repositioning splint and orthodontic camouflage
Authors: Mittal Shruti , Teja Prerna Hoogan , Mittal Astitav , Nohria Priyesha , Dahiya Chinar
Published: December 2024

These days, the demand for correcting facial asymmetry has been increasing, even when the extent of asymmetry is small. This case report describes successful nonsurgical orthodontic treatment for facial asymmetry in a 21-year-old female patient presented with buccal segment crossbite and buccally placed upper left permanent canine, with the usage of mandibular repositioning occlusal splint along with fixed mechanotherapy.
Phytoremediation of saline soils using Glycyrrhiza glabra for enhanced soil fertility in arid regions of South Kazakhstan
Authors: Makhanova Ulbossyn , Ibraeva Mariya
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) as a biological tool for reclaiming saline soils in the arid regions of South Kazakhstan. Licorice was cultivated over three growing seasons in weakly, moderately, and highly saline soils to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing soil salinity and improving soil fertility. The results show that licorice cultivation significantly reduced total salt concentrations and improved organic matter content in weakly saline soils. For instance, in some areas, total salts decreased by 50%, and humus content increased from 1.55% to 1.70%, indicating enhanced soil fertility. In moderately saline soils, the reduction in salt levels was less significant, and the plant's biomass yield dropped to 40 t/ha, compared to 50 t/ha in weakly saline soils. However, licorice still demonstrated its ability to moderately improve soil structure and nutrient availability. In strongly saline soils, licorice's effectiveness was considerably limited, with only minor reductions in salinity and a significant decrease in biomass yield to 20-30 t/ha. The study concludes that while Glycyrrhiza glabra is highly effective in reclaiming weakly saline soils, its impact in moderately and highly saline soils requires supplemental interventions, such as leaching, to optimize its phytoremediation potential. These findings suggest that integrating biological and traditional soil reclamation methods can offer a sustainable solution for managing saline soils in arid regions.
Effect of nitrogen and sulfur combinations on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth, yield, and soil nutrient availability in a greenhouse experiment
Authors: Nurgaliyeva Gulbaram , Akmullayeva Aizhan , Myrzabayeva Gulnar A. , Tastanbekova Gulnara , Izbassarova Zhanar , Bukabayeva Zhanylkhan , Rvaidarova Gulnissam , Dastan Mussapirov
Published: December 2024

Effective management of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) is crucial for maximizing spring wheat productivity, as both nutrients play key roles in improving growth, yield attributes, grain protein content, and soil fertility. Despite their importance, determining the optimal application rates of N and S for enhanced wheat performance remains a challenge. This study was conducted as a pot experiment under controlled greenhouse conditions, with 12 treatments replicated three times and carried out over 85 days. The treatments included a control (0N + 0S), nitrogen-only treatments (40N + 0S, 80N + 0S, 120N + 0S), sulfur-only treatments (30S, 60S), and combined N and S treatments (40N + 30S, 80N + 30S, 120N + 30S, 40N + 60S, 80N + 60S, 120N + 60S). The results revealed that the application of 120N + 60S significantly improved key growth parameters such as plant height, grains per spike, spike density (spike/m²), and 1000-grain weight. This treatment also resulted in higher grain nitrogen content, N uptake, and protein levels, confirming its superiority over other treatments. Additionally, post-harvest soil analysis indicated increased mineral N and available S levels, while showing a slight decrease in pH and an increase in electrical conductivity (EC). In conclusion, the 120N + 60S combination was identified as the most effective treatment for maximizing wheat yield, improving grain quality, and enhancing soil nutrient availability. However, it is recommended that future studies validate these findings under field conditions, across different soil types and climates, to ensure broader applicability of 120N + 60S as a best practice for wheat cultivation.
Adsorption of Pb, Ni and Zn by coastal soils: Isothermal models and kinetics analysis
Authors: Minkina Tatiana , Bauer Tatiana , Khroniuk Oleg , Kravchenko Ekaterina , Pinsky David , Barakhov Anatoly , Zamulina Inna , Latsynnik Elizabeth , Sushkova Svetlana , Jun Yao , Gülser Coşkun , Kızılkaya Rıdvan
Published: December 2024

Coastal areas are facing increasing heavy metal pollution as a result of various anthropogenic activities, posing a serious threat to ecosystems. Modeling and understanding the sorption behavior of heavy metals in soils are essential for assessing their mobility and risk in the coastal landscapes. The aim of this study was to examine the adsorption behavior of Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Zn²⁺ by common soil types of the Lower Don and the Taganrog Bay coast in Russia to better understand their potential environmental implications. The soil capacities for heavy metal adsorption and retention were determined using isothermal models. The maximum adsorption capacity and the binding strength parameter for the heavy metals were calculated, revealing significant differences among the soils. Haplic Chernozem emerged with superior values, while Gleyic Solonchak Sulfidic and Umbric Fluvisol trailed the lowest. All soils exhibited a greater adsorption capacity and binding strength for Pb compared to the other metals. The influence of soil characteristics on sorption and retention was also examined. The Pseudo-second-order model provided a more accurate description of the adsorption kinetics of heavy metals by the studied soils. The co-presence of metals in the system affected their sorption by the soils due to competition: soils adsorbed fewer metals but retained them more strongly. These findings are important for developing effective strategies to reduce heavy metal pollution in coastal ecosystems.