bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional connectome fingerprinting using shallow feedforward neural networks
Authors: Sarar Gokce , Rao Bhaskar , Liu Thomas
Published: April 2021

Although individual subjects can be identified with high accuracy using correlation matrices computed from resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) data, the performance significantly degrades as the scan duration is decreased. Recurrent neural networks can achieve high accuracy with short-duration (72 s) data segments but are designed to use temporal features not present in the correlation matrices. Here we show that shallow feedforward neural networks that rely solely on the information in rsfMRI correlation matrices can achieve state-of-the-art identification accuracies (

≥
99.5
%

) with data segments as short as 20 s and across a range of input data size combinations when the total number of data points (number of regions

×

number of time points) is on the order of

10
,
000

.
ORF10–Cullin-2–ZYG11B complex is not required for SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Mena Elijah L. , Donahue Callie J. , Vaites Laura Pontano , Li Jie , Rona Gergely , O’Leary Colin , Lignitto Luca , Miwatani-Minter Bearach , Paulo Joao A. , Dhabaria Avantika , Ueberheide Beatrix , Gygi Steven P. , Pagano Michele , Harper J. Wade , Davey Robert A. , Elledge Stephen J.
Published: April 2021

Significance

Understanding the functions of the genes encoded in the SARS-CoV-2 genome is imperative to understanding its pathogenesis. One unique feature of the SARS-CoV-2 genome is ORF10, a small putative protein that was hypothesized to promote infection by hijacking a cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase, CRL2
ZYG11B
. Here, we investigate whether ORF10 hijacks CRL2
ZYG11B
or functions in other ways, such as to inhibit CRL2
ZYG11B
or be degraded by it. We do not find evidence that ORF10 regulates or is regulated by CRL2
ZYG11B
, and, furthermore, we find that ZYG11B and its paralog are dispensable for SARS-CoV-2 infection in cultured cells.
Earnings growth and the wealth distribution
Authors: Sargent Thomas J. , Wang Neng , Yang Jinqiang
Published: April 2021

Significance

Forces that shape wealth inequality are intermediated through an individual’s nonfinancial earnings growth rategand an equilibrium interest rater. Individuals’ earnings growth rate and survival probability interact with their preferences about consumption plans to determine aggregate savings and the interest rate and make wealth more unequally distributed and have a fatter tail than labor earnings, as in US data.
Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp stonecrop).
Authors: Varia Sonal , Nault Michelle
Published: April 2021

C. helmsii is an aquatic plant that can take on various growth forms depending on prevailing conditions, and is able to act as a submerged, emergent, or semi-terrestrial species. C. helmsii has the ability to form dense stands of 100% cover, which cause many negative environmental and economic impacts including displacing native plant species, reducing biodiversity, decreasing water quality and flow, impeding recreational activities, and diminishing aesthetic value. C. helmsii is extremely difficult and costly to control, and its ability to form new plants vegetatively from small fragments facilitates its spread to new locations. The trade and potential escape of C. helmsii through the aquarium and water garden industry may play a large role in its spread to new locations. In addition, the transportation of this plant on recreational equipment or by wildlife moving between water bodies may also play a role in local spread. C. helmsii is native to Australia and New Zealand, and has established itself as an exotic invasive in many parts of Europe, especially the United Kingdom. C. helmsi is declared a noxious weed in Florida and North Carolina, and although some sources report C. helmsii as occurring in these states (OEPP/EPPO, 2004; 2006), the status of these populations is unknown. C. helmsii is also declared a noxious weed in New Hampshire and Washington (USDA-GRIN, 2002), and is considered a prohibited species in Minnesota (MDNR, 2006) and Wisconsin (WDNR, 2009), though it is not known to occur in these states.
Erionota torus (banana skipper).
Authors: Cock Matthew
Published: April 2021

E. torus is primarily of concern as a pest of Musa spp. (banana, plantain). The larvae feed on the leaves and construct a large leaf roll in which they feed, thus causing more damage to the leaf that that of feeding alone. Its indigenous range is from northern India and Southern China to South East mainland Asia. It has spread to Mauritius, southern Philippines, Taiwan, Japan and western India. As an introduced pest it is extremely damaging to Musa spp. but has been brought under effective biological control by the introduction of parasitoids in Mauritius and perhaps Taiwan. Because it has been confused with E. thrax in the past, it has not received the attention it deserves as a potential invasive pest species.
Plasmodiophora brassicae (club root).
Authors: McGrann Graham
Published: April 2021

Plasmodiophora brassicae is a root-infecting protist pathogen that causes clubroot disease in brassica species. The organism is soil-borne and has long-lived resting spores that can survive in soil for more than 15 years. Local spread of motile zoospores can be facilitated by wet conditions but most dispersal of the pathogen is through the movement of infested soil. P. brassicae has a wide host range in the brassica family including numerous weed species. Control of the disease is difficult but clubroot can be managed by a combination of crop rotation, varietal resistance, improved agronomic practice such as improved drainage and the application of lime of related products to raise pH which can limit the effects of the disease. There are currently no effective fungicides for the widespread control of clubroot. Yield losses range from 10 to 15% but can exceed 50% under disease conducive environmental conditions.
Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle).
Authors:   Australia, CRCNPB
Published: April 2021

The elm leaf beetle P. luteola is a serious pest of ornamental elms in most areas where they are grown. This insect is native to southern Europe and was introduced to the USA in the 1800s, but has also reached Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and South America and was recently detected in Australia. It feeds on all species of native and introduced elms, including American (Ulmus americana), English (U. procera), Chinese (U. parvifolia) and Siberian elm (U. pumila). Wu et al. (1991) identified elm leaf beetle as the second most important urban tree pest in the western United States and third most important nationally.
Tomato apical stunt viroid.
Authors: Hammond Rosemarie W
Published: April 2021

Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd) is a serious pathogen of tomato. Pathways for introduction include tomato seedlings, tomato seeds and ornamentals. If spread to tomato, considerable losses could result. TASVd is spread easily through plant sap, e.g. during pruning and propagation, and there is some evidence of insect transmission in the greenhouse. No symptoms appear on infected ornamental solanaceous plants, but these plants can act as a reservoir for the spread of viroids in tomato production, especially in greenhouse conditions. TASVd outbreaks in tomato are rare although it has occurred in several countries in Asia, Africa and Europe. The economic impact of TASVd in tomato production is not known, but heavy yield losses may result from infection with certain strains. This viroid has not been reported as an invasive species.
Anastrepha obliqua (West Indian fruit fly).
Authors: Norrbom Allen
Published: April 2021

A. obliqua is the most important fruit fly pest of mango (Mangifera indica) in the Neotropics and attacks a broad range of other fruits. It is widespread in Mexico, Central and South America and the West Indies. It is invasive in the Lesser Antilles and was temporarily established in Key West, Florida, USA. It should be considered a serious threat to other tropical parts of the world, particularly mango-producing regions. It is considered an A1 quarantine pest by EPPO.
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense tropical race 4 (TR4).
Authors: Curry Claire
Published: April 2021

TR4 is one of only six strains strains of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) that attack Cavendish bananas (AAA genome). It is much more aggressive on Cavendish than SR4. TR4 was first observed in Taiwan in 1989 but its importance as an invasive was identified in the 1990s when it was isolated from damaged Cavendish plants in Indonesia and Malaysia (Buddenhagen, 2009). TR4 is considered one of the most destructive Foc strains because it has a wider host range than other strains, attacking the important cultivar Cavendish, but also all the other cultivars that are sensitive to Foc (Cheng et al., 2019).
Dalbergia sissoo.
Authors: Pasiecznik Nick
Published: April 2021

D. sissoo is a very useful multipurpose tree, extensively planted as single trees or in village woodlots, and in linear or block plantations, in countries of south Asia, particularly Pakistan and India (from the Indus to Assam). It has also been introduced, with varying degrees of success, into mainland South-East Asia, Java and Africa (Soerianegara and Lemmens, 1993). It is a fast-growing gregarious tree which can easily be propagated from seed, seedlings, stumps, and root or shoot cuttings. According to Chaturvedi (1956) "shisham (D. sissoo) is a friend of the farmer, as well as the forester; a tree which pays rich dividends". Economic returns from farmland plantations of this species in Pakistan are moderately high (Siddiqui, 1993).
Influence of segmented grounding electrodes on electrical characteristics in annular surface dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Jiang Hui , Li Wenhui , Xu Yaozong , Liu Haibo , Tan Jianwen , Shao Tao
Published: April 2021

The primary aims of this paper are to provide a better understanding of surface dielectric barrier discharge based on annular geometry and to investigate the effect of segmented grounding electrodes on their electrical and optical properties. To this end, four grounding electrode conditions are considered: 10-segment, 20-segment, and 30-segment ones as the experimental conditions, and an unsegmented (termed 0-segment) one as the control. A great number of current pulses with lower amplitudes are observed under the segmented conditions compared to the 0-segment condition. In the former case, the current pulse number and the peak value are observed to be inversely and directly proportional to the number of segments, respectively. However, the average currents corresponding to the various segmentations are observed to be nearly identical, and each of them is lower than that under the 0-segment condition. Secondly, the discharge uniformity under the 30-segment condition is observed to be better than under the 0-segment condition, because even though the discharge is usually concentrated at covered regions, it spreads spanwise to the adjacent uncovered regions as the number of segments is increased. Consequently, the airflow induced by spanwise-spread plasma extends the effective range of plasma action. Moreover, the Lissajous figures corresponding to the four conditions are ascertained to be approximately parallelogram-shaped. However, the slopes of the discharge phases are dependent on the voltage, as the variations of equivalent capacitance in dark and discharge phases are distinct. A higher amount of power is consumed under the 30-segment condition than under the 0-segment condition, although the maximum transported charge is much lower in the former case. Finally, in the quasi-sinusoidal external electric field distribution induced by the segmented grounding electrode, a slightly lower-than-average electric fields avoid the creation of obvious separated channels, while a moderate peak-to-peak difference of electric field improves the electric field distortions caused by existing micro-discharges. This phenomenon serves as a satisfactory explanation of the differences between the discharge channel developments and the plasma distributions under different conditions. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the performance of discharge plasma can be improved by arranging the electrodes optimally.
Squeezed flow of water-based nanofluid having temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity
Authors: Abbasi F M , Shanakhat I , Shehzad S A , Ben Hamida Mohamed Bechir
Published: April 2021

Subjected to the numerous applications of squeezed flows of nanofluids, this article provides the analysis of squeezed flow of water-based nanofluids. Viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluid is considered to vary with temperature. Appropriate modifications in the Brinkman’s viscosity and Hamilton-Crosser’s thermal conductivity model have been made for the present analysis. Heat generation/absorption has been also considered. Analysis is presented by considering the various nanoparticles (i.e. copper, silver, alumina etc). Physical analysis of numerical results is facilitated via graphs and tables. Comparison for cylindrical and spherical nanoparticles is also provided. Results indicate that the velocity profile shows a decreasing behavior with an increase in squeeze number and decays against incrementing thermal conductivity parameter for both spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles.
Experimental tests of sub-surface reflectors as an explanation for the ANITA anomalous events
Authors: Smith D. , Besson D.Z. , Deaconu C. , Prohira S. , Allison P. , Batten L. , Beatty J.J. , Binns W.R. , Bugaev V. , Cao P. , Chen C. , Chen P. , Clem J.M. , Connolly A. , Cremonesi L. , Dasgupta P. , Gorham P.W. , Israel M.H. , Liu T.C. , Ludwig A. , Matsuno S. , Miki C. , Nam J. , Novikov A. , Nichol R.J. , Oberla E. , Prechelt R. , Rauch B.F. , Russell J. , Saltzberg D. , Seckel D. , Varner G.S. , Vieregg A.G. , Wissel S.A.
Published: April 2021

The balloon-borne ANITA [1] experiment is designed to detect
ultra-high energy neutrinos via radio emissions produced by in-ice
showers. Although initially purposed for interactions within the
Antarctic ice sheet, ANITA also demonstrated the ability to
self-trigger on radio emissions from ultra-high energy charged
cosmic rays [2] (CR) interacting in the Earth's atmosphere. For
showers produced above the Antarctic ice sheet, reflection of the
down-coming radio signals at the Antarctic surface should result in
a polarity inversion prior to subsequent observation at the ∼35–40
km altitude ANITA gondola. Based on data taken during the ANITA-1
and ANITA-3 flights, ANITA published two anomalous instances of
upcoming cosmic-rays with measured polarity opposite the remaining
sample of ∼50 UHECR signals [3, 4]. The steep observed upwards
incidence angles (25–30 degrees relative to the horizontal) require
non-Standard Model physics if these events are due to in-ice
neutrino interactions, as the Standard Model cross-section would
otherwise prohibit neutrinos from penetrating the long required
chord of Earth. Shoemaker et al. [5] posit that glaciological
effects may explain the steep observed anomalous events. We herein
consider the scenarios offered by Shoemaker et al. and find them to
be disfavored by extant ANITA and HiCal experimental data. We note
that the recent report of four additional near-horizon anomalous
ANITA-4 events [6], at >3σ significance, are incompatible with
their model, which requires significant signal transmission into the
ice.
Polysomally protected viruses
Authors: Wilkinson Michael , Yllanes David , Huber Greg
Published: April 2021

It is conceivable that an RNA virus could use a polysome, that is, a string of ribosomes covering the RNA strand, to protect the genetic material from degradation inside a host cell. This paper discusses how such a virus might operate, and how its presence might be detected by ribosome profiling. There are two possible forms for such a polysomally protected virus, depending upon whether just the forward strand or both the forward and complementary strands can be encased by ribosomes (these will be termed type 1 and type 2, respectively). It is argued that in the type 2 case the viral RNA would evolve an ambigrammatic property, whereby the viral genes are free of stop codons in a reverse reading frame (with forward and reverse codons aligned). Recent observations of ribosome profiles of ambigrammatic narnavirus sequences are consistent with our predictions for the type 2 case.
Exact solution of an anisotropic J
1–J
2 model with the Dzyloshinsky–Moriya interactions at boundaries
Authors: Cao Yusong , Wang Jian , Qiao Yi , Cao Junpeng , Yang Wen-Li
Published: April 2021

We propose a method to construct new quantum integrable models. As an example, we construct an integrable anisotropic quantum spin chain which includes the nearest-neighbor, next-nearest-neighbor and chiral three-spin couplings. It is shown that the boundary fields can enhance the anisotropy of the first and last bonds, and can induce the Dzyloshinsky–Moriya interactions along the z-direction at the boundaries. By using the algebraic Bethe ansatz, we obtain the exact solution of the system. The energy spectrum of the system and the associated Bethe ansatz equations are given explicitly. The method provided in this paper is universal and can be applied to constructing other exactly solvable models with certain interesting interactions.
Localization of nonlocal symmetries and interaction solutions of the Sawada–Kotera equation
Authors: Wu Jian-wen , Cai Yue-jin , Lin Ji
Published: April 2021

The nonlocal symmetry of the Sawada–Kotera (SK) equation is constructed with the known Lax pair. By introducing suitable and simple auxiliary variables, the nonlocal symmetry is localized and the finite transformation and some new solutions are obtained further. On the other hand, the group invariant solutions of the SK equation are constructed with the classic Lie group method. In particular, by a Galileo transformation some analytical soliton-cnoidal interaction solutions of a asymptotically integrable equation are discussed in graphical ways.
Measurement of Fall Rate and Analysis of Atmospheric Falling Dust in Duhok Governorate of Iraq by Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and X-ray Diffraction
Authors: Mahdi Berivan H
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted in Duhok Governorate (DG) to study the mineralogical and chemical properties of atmospheric falling dust (AFD) and to measure the fall rate of AFD. AFD samples were collected at different locations and times by a funnel on the nozzle of a plastic bucket (pail) of dimensions (1 m2) on the veranda of the building, ∼3-4 m high the ground level. To compare between chemical properties of AFD and street dust that people are exposed to, the dust accumulated on car engine air-filters (CAFs) have been examined. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used to study the chemical composition of the particles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate mineralogical characterization. The result shows that the traffic emissions and increasing population density as anthropogenic sources, in addition to natural dust particles in Duhok governorate have been the main role in the dust fall rate. The results show that the monthly dust fall rate was recorded in Duhok (3.35 gm/m2.month). The higher average concentration value for heavy metal was (Cu=11.5 ppm). The study includes qualitative identification of clay minerals by X-ray diffraction data. Peak height was used as a rough indicator of the relative abundance of minerals. The major minerals observed in the AFD sample are Calcite (CaCO3), Quartz low, Silicon Oxide (SiO2), and Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2).
Application of Artificial Neural Network to Predict Wind Speed: Case Study in Duhok City, Iraq
Authors: Mahdi Berivan H , Yousif Kamil M , Melhum Amera I
Published: April 2021

Wind speed prediction is very critical for clean energy electricity generation, commitment decision-making, and wind farms planning strategy studies. It is also important for the wind energy industry to determine the characteristics of wind speed for site selection and to know the output of the wind turbine. A prediction of Daily Average Wind Speed (DAWS) for Duhok city, Iraq using Feed Forward (FF) Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is investigated using weather records for Duhok city, Iraq. To build and train the suggested network, MATLAB software is used. The variables that used as inputs are a daily average of the Humidity (H), Pressure (P), Minimum Temperature (Tmin), Solar Radiation (SR), Maximum Temperature (Tmax), day (D) and month (M) to estimate DAWS. The suggested networks are analyzed using Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as statistical values. The proposed network forecasts accurate daily wind speed values based on the outcomes. This suggested method helps to predict the weather and to estimate the output strength of wind turbines.
Relative statistics of Metals in a Smoker’s Gallbladder Stones using X-Ray Fluorescence
Authors: Ahmed Asmaa N.
Published: April 2021

In this work, the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique was used to investigate the concentration of elements in gallbladder stones for smokers and non-smokers. Many elements have been detected in the non-smoker gallstone samples. The most important elements include calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb). However, significantly, concentrations of the most toxic elements have been found within the group of the smokers. The maximum concentrations of toxic elements such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) were found in people older than 60 years. Furthermore, the minimum concentrations of the trace elements calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P) and sodium (Na) were detected in this age group. The relative statistics of Ca concentration in smokers’ and non-smokers’ were studied, and these groups were divided according to age. It was concluded that the maximum Ca concentration for non-smokers was found in the 20- to 40-year age group when compared with the other groups.
Investigation of Laser Direct Writing as a Novel Method of Permalloy Patterning
Authors: Alasadi Alaa
Published: April 2021

The abilities of laser direct writing have been explored on thin films of permalloy (Ni81Fe19) for range of film thicknesses with two types of substrates for creating micro-scale magnetic structures. The thin films of Permalloy were deposited on both silicon and glass substrates using thermal evaporator with ranging from 5 to 100 nm. The permalloy films were successively patterned using a laser system containing of a pico-second pulsed laser with an 800 ps pulse width and wavelength of 532 nm. A series of magnetic wires were patterned then characterised by Magneto-Optic Kerr Effect system and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The patterned magnetic wires showed good responses to an applied magnetic field. The corresponding coercivities of the patterned magnetic wires were affected by their observed quality. These results can improve the understanding of laser direct writing technique to fabricate the micromagnetic structures for future application as easy, low cost and high throughput technique.
Structural, Morphological, and Spectroscopical Properties of Fullerenes (C60) Thin Film Prepared via Electrospray Deposition
Authors: Alani Ban M A , Alalousi Mazin A
Published: April 2021

In this study, fullerenes (C60) thin film was prepared via a novel combination of laser pulsed and electrospray methods using wasted batteries’ electrodes as precursor. The effect of the applied electric potential using electrospray process was investigated through the structural, morphological and optical analyses. These in turn were examined using x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and photoluminescence techniques. In particular, using Williamson-Hall relation, the average crystallite size of the prepared nanoparticles was estimated in which it was found in the range of 41.46-111.84 nm. While sample treated with 5.6 kV of electric potential exhibited particle size of 6.35 nm using FESEM technique as compared to 7.4 nm for sample prepared under free potential. It is believed that the applied electric potential plays a vital role in reducing the particle size which in turn provides an alternative pathway for fabricating future optoelectronic design.
An In-vitro Study of Electrodes Impedance in Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Mohammed Ali Haider A , Abdullah Siham S , Faraj Moneer
Published: April 2021

The success of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) therapy in movement disorders is highly reliant on the number of electric charges delivered to the brain through the implanted contact electrodes. A high electrode impedance will count the flow of these changes, affecting the clinical benefit of the treatment. DBS patients show impedance variation, and many of them lose therapeutic benefits after a while because of high impedance. The aim of study is to reveal the effect of long-term electric stimulation on the impedance of the electrical electrodes of DBS lead contacts in vitro. This study is conducted from March 2019 to November 2019 in the Department of Physiology and Medical Physics at the College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University. The electric impedance of DBS electrodes is measured regularly for nine months in vitro. These measurements are conducted using two pairs of lead DBS electrodes: one inserted in normal saline impregnated with a carbidopa-levodopa pill and activated by a DBS electric pulses generator, and another pair as the control without stimulation. The recorded data shows an increase in the impedance of DBS electrodes over long-term electric stimulation and reversing the polarity of the stimulation may cause the impedance of the electrodes to decrease.
Preparation and Characterization of Mixed In2O3 –AgxO Nanostructure Thin Films on porous silicon as NH3 High Gas Sensor
Authors: Nayel Hajar H , AL-Jumaili Hamid S
Published: April 2021

Mixed nanostructured thin films composed of In2O3 – AgxO, were synthesized on glass and porous silicon to produce NH3-gas sensor. The films’ structure of the sensor was analyzed by XRD and AFM. The results obtained that polycrystalline nanostructure thin films were prepared. The optical properties indicate that the transmission and the energy gap were decreased with the increase in AgxO ratio. The sensor conductivity changed from n-type for In2O3 up to 10 Vol% AgxO to p-type with mixed oxides. The synthesis gas sensor gives sensitivity toward 40 ppm NH3 gas at different temperatures (50, 100, 150 and 200) ˚C. The maximum sensitivity of mixed films on porous silicon for 15% AgxO ratio is 94.13% with a response time of 11.85 s and a recovery time of 20 s. Porous silicon improves the sensitivity of the prepared sensor by a factor of two with respect to the sensor over the glass. The good sensor properties of In2O3 – AgxO nanostructure mixed oxide at a low temperature indicated as highly efficient NH3 gas sensor.
Effect of the Exact Center of Mass Correction on the Longitudinal Form Factors for Neutron Rich 12,14,18N Isotopes
Authors: Raheem Sh K , Dakhil Z A , Hameed B S
Published: April 2021

The nuclear structure of the ground state for even 12,14,18N isotopes are studied within the shell model framework through the longitudinal elastic electron scattering. The generate wave functions from two-body interaction of Cohen and Kurath in the p-shell for 12,14N, and psdsu3 interaction for 18N nucleus. The exact value of the center of mass correction in the translation invariant shell model (TISM) are re-examined for longitudinal form factors. The contribution of a higher 2p-shell configuration resolves some discrepancies with the experiments for the form factors at q-values. The inclusion of the core polarization effects through an effective nucleon charge gives a reasonable agreement for the present results with available data. The occupancy percentage with respect to the valance nucleons is also calculated.
Investigating the Effect of ZnO on the Structural and Optical Properties of (MgO)1-x(ZnO)x via Pulsed Laser Deposition
Authors: Hasan Bushra A
Published: April 2021

This work concerned with effect of zinc oxide concentrating on the structural and optical properties of (MgO)1-x(ZnO)x thin films. (MgO)1-x(ZnO)x compounds were produced by mixing the two oxides powders accordance to the atomic ratios and compressed as pellets, these pellets were sintered in an oven at temperature1273K for five hours. Thin films from (MgO)1-x(ZnO)x compounds were obtained using pulsed laser deposition technique using Nd:YAG laser . The results of x-ray diffraction as well as UV-Visible- spectrophotometer measurements transmittance of (MgO)1-x(ZnO)x thin films were presented From the x-ray pattern it was observed reflection peaks (200) and (111) for cubic structure MgO and (100),(002) and (101) for ZnO wurtzite-phase reflections planes corresponding to the MgO cubic structure and ZnO wurtzite-phase while the prepared thin films with x content from 0 to 0.75 seemed to gather and rearranges their atoms until reveals some little peaks reveals at x=1.0 which give an indication to attend polycrystalline structure. The optical results declare a reducing of band gap i.e. red shift by the growth of ZnO incorporation in the prepared thin films.The data reveals that energy gap reduces from 4.0 eV to 3.20 eV . This affirms that the ablation of ZMO targets results in a tuneable band gap ZMO thin films. The calculated optical constants are greatly effected by ZnO incorporation in the prepared thin films.
Silicon Waveguide Analysis
Authors: Khalid Alani Abd-Alrahman , Fawaz Nabeil I
Published: April 2021

The Maxwell’s equations are a basic formulation using for solve propagation equations within a waveguide. In this research, the wave propagation inside the waveguide was studied and some basic parameters of wave propagation were measured through MATLAB 2013. Silicon with a refractive index 3.46 was chosen to study this propagation and the use of core and cladding with a lower refractive index 2.46 and some parameters were extracted for the waveguide including propagation constant, cutoff wavenumber, cutoff frequency, cutoff thickness and normalized parameter. These parameters are studied at the wavelength 0.6 μm for transvers electric TE and transvers magnetic TM we changed the core thickness at wavelength constant and found that the number of modes increases as the increase of core thickness and the waveform is thinner in TM than it is in TE. We note from the measurements that the value of cutoff frequency and cutoff thickness are equal in the two types TE and TM. Moreover, when two modes (m=0, 1) and core thickness 0.24 μm the value of propagation constant in TE is equal (34.8901, 30.7737) while in TM (30.6440, 26.1967) respectively, we find that the values in TE are greater than TM. Also, the results obtained from Finite Difference Method were compared with the method used (Maxwell’s equation through wave equation solutions). This work represents a short pathway for the theoretical analysis concerning the electromagnetic waves propagating through Si planar waveguide with both modes (TE and TM) considered.
Sentiment analysis in higher education: a systematic mapping review
Authors: Baragash R , Aldowah H
Published: April 2021

In the last years, sentiment analysis (SA) has attracted increasing interest in the text mining area. It increasingly becomes a popular research area for opinion mining in education that analyses and understands students’ opinions toward their institutions for improving the quality of decision-making. In this study, a systematic review was conducted to explore the recent application of sentiment analysis in higher education; to classify SA techniques and methods commonly and successfully used in the higher education domains. A systematic mapping review was applied to 840 articles, and 22 related studies are selected based on the study’s criteria. The findings revealed that the prior studies mainly focus on six domains for applying SA in the higher education context and the teaching quality evaluation was the most addressed domain. The study also found that applying specific SA techniques could be the best tool for institutions to solve particular learning problems and a useful tool for improving higher education institutions’ quality and evaluating the teaching process as well as teachers’ performance. This study’s main contribution is the new categorizations of the SA applications techniques in higher education to provide a closely full image of SA-related tools and areas.
SPEESH: speech-based mobile application for dysarthric speech recognition
Authors: Mohamad Nasir A B , Nasir N R M , Salleh F H M
Published: April 2021

There are numerous automatic speech recognition applications available in market, but these applications are quite challenging to be used for individual with speech disability. Due to this demand, SPEESH, a speech recognition system is developed for individuals with dysarthria disorders. The main objective of this project is to study the requirement of proposed system and characteristics of individuals with dysarthria. Interview with speech therapists in Malaysia has been conducted on the phone to elicit the requirements for the system. Based on the interview, we acquired numerous common words that are used by dysarthric patients. These findings are crucial in designing the application to ease the user’s experience. The system consists of two phases on how it works; text dependent and text independent. First, in a text dependent phase, the system will learn to recognize specific words from the speaker and register them into database. In the next phase, speaker model will now consist characteristics of voice of the person and it can identify what one is saying. SPEESH application have been designed to be able to translate words from individuals with dysarthria or any speech disorders. All the functionalities and features are all developed in a way such that SPEESH will work as a communication platform between dysarthria individuals and their surroundings.
Smart Campus Implementation in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia: Towards a Conceptual Framework
Authors: Musa Masitah , Ismail Mohd Norasri , Fudzee Mohd Farhan Md
Published: April 2021

Smart campus concepts have been implemented in many universities throughout the world in recent years. This concept aims to enhance campus-wide management as well as activities in a smart way. The smart campus is derived based on the smart cities concept where it converts the traditional campus into a smart campus. The implementation of the smart campus can provide multiple benefits for the campus community and the stakeholders. However, different stakeholders have different perspectives and needs toward smart campus implementation. This study describes the conceptual framework for the smart campus implementation in UTHM based on the synthesized literature review. From the literature, we find out that academic, research, student experience and services are the pillars that are suitable for smart campus implementation in UTHM. These pillars also matched with the top management role in UTHM. The result from the pilot study shows that the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient is 0.993. Thus, the proposed conceptual framework can be used to proceed further with this research.
Development of Film Production Mobile Learning Application for Android Platform
Authors: Vijayan Kuhaneshwaran , Ismail Mohd Norasri , Suparjoh Suriawati
Published: April 2021

Over the years, the film has changed as well as the pattern of how audiences watch movies. Youngsters nowadays are very fond of shooting videos and uploading them online. However, mobile learning applications for filmmaking are limited. Therefore, this paper presents the development of a mobile learning application named Film Geek for the Android platform. The objective of this project is to design and develop three main learning modules for filmmaking which are screenwriting, cinematography and directing. The methodology of this project consists of three phases which are requirement identification, system design and development and testing and evaluation which is adapted from the prototyping model. This mobile learning application has been developed using Microsoft Xamarin, a native cross-platform mobile application development framework. Furthermore, Firebase Real-Time cloud database was chosen for storing the application and user’s data. Functional and usability testing has been performed to evaluate the developed mobile learning application. The result of the testing shows that the functionality of the mobile learning application completely works (100%) as expected. Also, the usability test result of this application using SUS instrument achieved 86.3% which is within the acceptability ranges.
New Topp Leone-G Family with Mathematical Properties and Applications
Authors: Hassan A S , El-Sherpieny E A , El-Taweel S A
Published: April 2021

In the last few years, the Topp-Leone-G family has been regarded with various statistical applications. In this paper, efforts have been made to introduce a new family of distribution as an alternative to Topp-Leone-G distribution through a useful transformation with flexible hazard rate and greater reliability which we call new Topp-Leone-G (NTL-G) distribution. Some new special models and some statistical properties such as, expansions, probability weighted moments, moments and Rényi entropy are provided. The maximum likelihood method is used for estimating the model parameters. For the applied side, new models can be created in view of fitting data set. This last point is illustrated by consideration of the exponential distribution as baseline. A real data set is employed which represent the observations of ordered failure of some components. The obtained results show that, the NTL-G family is very competitive in comparison to other well implanted general families.
Augmented reality and virtual reality revolutionize rusiness transformation in digital marketing tech industry analysts and visionaries during Coronavirus (COVID 19)
Authors: Ekmeil F A R , Abumandil M S S , Alkhawaja M I , Siam I M , Alaklouk S A A
Published: April 2021

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) are among the new innovations that provide digital marketing platforms with immersive services for Companies.. While several VR/AR applications have been built to reveal details on digital marketing pages, they still lack of comprehensive models which taking into consideration the elements of informal marketing experience in the development of such applications. This study contributes a conceptual model to serve as guidelines for developing a augmented reality that considers an foundations informal learning component in business. This paper provides a thorough overview of new augmented reality (Ar) and virtual reality (VR) technology in ten critical areas where the application of augmented reality and virtual reality is growing at present. The aim of this research is to highlight how the consumer experience in digital marketing is changed and enriched by augmented reality and virtual reality. The authors present the subject of augmented reality and virtual reality briefly. They further describe the technological and hardware technology needed to incorporate a framework of augmented reality and virtual reality and the various types of displays needed to enhance the user interface. Also briefly mentioned is the rise of AR in markets. The implementations of AR are discussed in the three parts of the article. The use of augmented reality and virtual reality as a component of television and gaming is illustrated in multiplayer gaming, electronic games, broadcasting, and immersive films. Manufacturing, beauty industry, healthcare, planning to business, transformation marketing and fight against COVID-19 crisis. This study contributes a conceptual model to serve as guidelines for developing a augmented reality that considers an foundations informal learning component in business.
Asset tagging for library system - does QR relevant?
Authors: Din Marina Md , Anwar Rina Md. , Fazal Fazla Ahmad
Published: April 2021

This research paper is to review the techniques available in asset tagging or labelling such as barcode, RFID, and QR Code. It is known that QR codes are mostly used for marketing and promotion, information dissemination, and localization. By taking advantage of the increasing use of smartphones and their ability to read QR codes, the researchers attempted to implement QR codes on the existing system for improvement where it could facilitate users in borrowing or reserving library materials. The current web-based system allows users to borrow books however book reservation is only possible for physical materials available in the library repository. With the implementation of the QR code, this flaw can be solved.
Integration of Web-Based and Mobile Application with QR Code implementation for the library management system
Authors: Din Marina Md , Fazal Fazla Ahmad
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the various institution has adopted the use of two-dimensional bar codes which are also known as Quick Response (QR) Code for information dissemination which can be decoded using smartphones, digital tablets, and other electronic devices. One of the institutions’ benefits from QR usage is the libraries to promote their services as well as in asset tagging. This paper proposed the use of QR codes on the existing library system in one of the private higher learning institutions in Malaysia for fast data retrieval at a minimal cost. Random functional acceptance tests (FAT) were conducted and improvements were made accordingly. In this proposed work, the physical location of the library assets can be found easily, fast retrieval of information, and hence the unnecessary wastage of time is avoided.
Automatic Generation of Web Applications for Information Systems
Authors: Atencio Yalmar Ponce , Ibarra Manuel J. , Marin Julio Huanca , Holguin Edgar Holguin
Published: April 2021

The use of automation tools for software development or so-called Computer Aided for Automatic Software Construction tools is a sign of a high level of maturity for the software development process, and is especially necessary when is needed to build information systems, where many parts or modules of a bigger projects have similar features and functionalities. Among others, Automatic Software Construction tools often include code generation software based on templates. Template-based code generation involves the automatic creation of source code or some code output corresponding to a predefined format called a template. In this article, a software architecture for automatic software construction is presented. The tool allows prototyping software modules, projects and functional code to different needs and purposes. The basis of this technical solution is the creation of a general template representation format, which includes many common source code, configuration data files, and a function library that allows you to interpret the input model and use the template for creating objects from different types based on the input data. The generation algorithm and the automatic integration method use a database model in order to define the main behavior of the generated software. The achieved results shown the creation of complete functional web applications, and since the complete source code is generated, is possible customize for improve or add different or specific functionalities.
Adoption of Data Warehouse in University Management: Wasit University Case Study
Authors: Neamah A F
Published: April 2021

Presently, the utilization of traditional data instrument and technologies are incapable of managing the load and analytic process of data that can be translated into significant information for top management. It is observed prevalently that Information Technology is becoming an important source for the dissemination of knowledge by the Education in order to retain competitiveness in education systems and for adaptation purposes alongside the dynamic setting of the business. The study of the growth of higher education indicates that the Iraqi higher education has entered a rapid phase of progress. Thus, the optimization of universities is imperative under the circumstances. The main goal of the implementation of a data warehouse is in the conversion of the abundance of data into information that can be used in the improvement of admission, examination, examination results and other processes. In this paper, we highlighted the need of data warehousing for higher education and provided an approach to build the warehouse suitable to Waist University and may be to similar universities in Iraq.
The influence of the light spectrum on the growth and development of greenhouse plants on the example of cucumber culture (Cucumissativus L., Cucurbitaceae family)
Authors: Khomyakov A , Neznamova E , Tereshchenko N , Tuev V
Published: April 2021

The aim of the work is to develop the lighting mode for the cucumber photoculture. The developed lighting mode should intensify production process by optimizing spectral characteristics of the light sources used at different stages of the life cycle of the plant. The authors conducted experiments on the cultivation of cucumber culture under conditions of ecosystems of small volume with artificial illumination. As the lighting sources, LED elements with phyto-oriented spectra were used. Based on dynamics of phenological and morphometric parameters and productivity of plants, the authors concludes that pre-sowing irradiation provided positive effect on seed germination. Artificial lighting sources with additional red LEDs (625nm in the ratio 9:2) accelerated the development of the vegetative and generative systems. Illumination by white spectrum LEDs (Ra80, CCT 3000 K) contributed to improving the efficiency of photosynthesis processes extended the period of active life of the plants. The authors proposed variants of artificial lighting with the use of light sources composed of LEDs of different spectra for the effective cultivation of cucumber according to different stages of plant life cycle.
Application of the Prony method for biometric data analysis
Authors: Elenets M V , Nemirovich-Danchenko M M
Published: April 2021

The paper deals with the processing of numerical series using the spectral estimation methodology. The methodology is based on the Prony transformation. The conversion lets you represent the original number series as a new series. The new series is a linear combination of exponential functions. The article presents the basic concepts and relations of the Prony transformation, and also analyzes the behavior of individual components of the transformation for typical cases. The features of the Prony method are analyzed. Shown are the individual stages of the algorithm, the problems of a specific implementation. The Prony method was used to process the recordings of the electroencephalograms of the operators in their mental representation of movements. This allows us to assume the possibility of using the described methodology in identifying EEG correlates of motor imagination in the space of the roots of polynomials
Formation of emission plasma by a constricted arc discharge in a pulsed forevacuum plasma-cathode electron source
Authors: Kazakov A V , Oks E M , Panchenko N A
Published: April 2021

The research of generation of emission plasma by a constricted arc discharge in the discharge system of a pulsed forevacuum plasma-cathode electron source is presented. Formation of emission plasma by the constricted arc discharge in the forevacuum electron source has provided elimination of penetration of the cathode material into the hollow anode, i.e. into region of emission plasma formation. As compared to plasma-cathode electron sources generating electron beams in pressure range 10−3–10−1 Pa, for the forevacuum plasma-cathode source higher operation pressure in the hollow anode (7–21 Pa) has caused strong dependence of emission plasma density on gas pressure. In particular, an increase of the gas pressure has led to a decrease of the plasma density at distance from the constricting channel.