bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS LANGKAH-LANGKAH PENYELESAIAN SOAL MODEL TESTLET PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI
Authors: Kristiyanto Stefanus , Ashadi Ashadi , Yamtinah Sri , Saputro Sulistyo
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui penguasaan langkah-langkah penyelesaian soal model testlet pada materi stoikiometri, siswa kelas X SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif dengan instrumen penelitian berupa 10 stem soal. Responden terdiri dari 45 siswa yang diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan langkah-langkah penyelesaian soal pada setiap sub pokok materi stoikiometri adalah sebagai berikut: hukum kekekalan massa tergolong tinggi (73,33%), hukum perbandingan tetap tergolong sedang (57,78%), hukum kelipatan perbandingan tergolong rendah (35,56%), hukum perbandingan volume tergolong sangat tinggi (82,22%), hubungan mol dengan massa zat tergolong tinggi (66,67%), hubungan mol dengan volume zat tergolong sedang (53,33%), rumus empiris dan rumus molekul tergolong rendah (40,00%), kuantitas pereaksi dan hasil reaksi tergolong sedang (60,00%), pereaksi batas tergolong sangat rendah (20,00%), dan kemurnian zat tergolong rendah (33,33%). Berdasarkan data persentase tingkat penguasaan siswa pada masing-masing langkah penyelesaian soal stoikiometri siswa kelas X SMA, sub materi hukum perbandingan volume dikuasai oleh sebagian besar siswa, sedangkan konsep pereaksi pembatas hanya dikuasai oleh sebagian kecil siswa.

Kata Kunci: Kompetensi Guru, Kelompok Peer, Prestasi Belajar Siswa
An mHealth SMS intervention on Postpartum Contraceptive Use Among Women and Couples in Kenya: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Harrington Elizabeth K. , Drake Alison L. , Matemo Daniel , Ronen Keshet , Osoti Alfred O. , John-Stewart Grace , Kinuthia John , Unger Jennifer A.
Published: May 2019

Objectives. To assess the effect of 2-way short message service (SMS) with a nurse on postpartum contraceptive use among individual women and couples.

Methods. From 2016 to 2017, we conducted a randomized controlled trial at 2 public hospitals in western Kenya. We assigned eligible pregnant women to receive 2-way SMS with a nurse or no SMS, with the option to include male partners. We delivered automated family planning–focused SMS messages weekly until 6 months postpartum. Women and men receiving SMS could interact with nurses via SMS. In intention-to-treat analysis, we compared highly effective contraceptive (HEC) use at 6 months postpartum between groups using the χ2 test. We used Poisson regression in adjusted analysis.

Results. We randomized 260 women to 2-way SMS or control, and we enrolled 103 male partners. At 6 months postpartum, 69.9% women receiving SMS reported HEC use, compared with 57.4% in control (relative risk = 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01, 1.47; P = .04). In analysis adjusted for baseline demographic differences, the adjusted relative risk for HEC use in the SMS group was 1.26 (95% CI = 1.04, 1.52; P = .02).

Conclusions. Two-way SMS with a nurse, including optional male participation, increased postpartum contraceptive use.

Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier: NCT02781714.
Supporting postgraduate taught students through tailored maths workshops and Q&A sessions
Authors: Richard Morgiane
Published: May 2019

Maths Support at the University of Aberdeen was established in 2012, and has been offered to all students, whatever their discipline and level. Early on, interest was raised amongst the Postgraduate population, which represents about 20% of the whole student population at the University of Aberdeen. Maths Support for Postgraduate students, however, will necessarily take different shapes to Maths Support for Undergraduates. Their time constraints are different; their timetable is often very full, with little opportunity to fit in potential extra sessions for Maths Support during the semester; they need to clarify their Maths queries early in order to be able to keep up with the pace of study. In addition, a significant proportion of Postgraduate students are mature students, coming back to studying a Master a number of years after completing their first degree, who may also be part-time, having to balance between study, work and family time. This paper will discuss the range of tailored Maths Support services developed at the University of Aberdeen for PGTs on Business, Engineering and Geosciences Masters programmes. Student and staff feedback on the usefulness of the service, gathered anecdotally, will also be presented.
Student use of whiteboards in the classroom
Authors: Shukie Alexandra , Majin Wodu , Cornock Claire , Robinson Mike
Published: May 2019

This paper discusses the use of whiteboards – both small, individual boards and larger, wall-mounted ones – within a variety of classes within our undergraduate mathematics degree. Details of those classes, and how students use whiteboards within them are presented. There is a focus on practicalities, particularly regarding the formation of student groups for whiteboard activities and the role of the member of staff in such classes. Issues which should be considered if introducing these to the classroom are discussed.
Cerebral salt wasting in a patient with myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Orlik Lea , Venzin Reto , Fehr Thomas , Hohloch Karin
Published: May 2019

Background

Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is a rare metabolic disorder with severe hyponatremia and volume depletion usually caused by brain injury like trauma, cerebral lesion, tumor or a cerebral hematoma. The renal function is normal with excretion of very high amounts of sodium in the urine. Diagnosis is made by excluding other reasons for hyponatremia, mainly the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
Study on efficacy and safety of Tong-luo Qu-tong plaster treatment for knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, parallel positive control, multi-center clinical trial
Authors: Xu Bao-ping , Yao Min , Tian Zi-rui , Zhou Long-yun , Yang Long , Li Zhen-jun , Zhu Sen , Wang Xiao-tao , Lan Jia-hui , Wang Yong-jun , Cui Xue-jun
Published: May 2019

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic musculoskeletal disorder that seriously affect quality of life. Patients with KOA frequently develop one or more of the typically following symptoms: joint pain, stiffness, joint friction noise, impaired functionality. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have showed a superior effect and peculiar advantage on the treatment of KOA, among TCMs, the Tong-luo Qu-tong plaster is the convenient and most commonly used method in China to improve symptoms including pain, stiffness and limited mobility in patients with KOA, as it causes few adverse effects. But there is a lack of high quality of clinical evidences to support the therapeutic effect that Chinese adhesive plaster can relieve pain and stiffness. The purpose of this study will be to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tong-luo Qu-tong plaster in patients with KOA.
Methods/Design: This study will be a randomised, double-blind, parallel positive control, multi-center clinical trial, a non-inferiority trial design was adopted. A total of 2000 participants older than 40 years with KOA, will be randomly allocated into a experimental group (n=1500) and a control group (n=500). All participants will receive a conventional conservative treatment lasted for 14 days as two courses, daily 1 time. Tong-luo Qu-tong plaster will be administered externally to participants in the experimental group, while the control group will receive a Qi-zheng Xiao-tong plaster. The outcome of the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores, TCM syndrome quantitative score, visual analog scale scores will be measured during the assessment visits (baseline and 1-, 2-week follow-up). In addition, adverse events concerning clinical symptoms and signs as well as laboratory tests will be documented during clinical trials.
Discussion: This study will be a randomized, double-blind, parallel positive control trial to further evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tong-luo Qu-tong plaster for patients with KOA in nine medical centers compared with control group, it is expected that the patients with KOA will benefit from this study.
Continuous noninvasive hemoglobin monitoring estimates timing for detecting anemia better than clinicians: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Bo , Yu Xuerong , Xu Li , Zhu Afang , Zhang Yuelun , Huang Yuguang
Published: May 2019

Background
Hemoglobin measurement is important for transfusion decision-making. Pulse CO-Oximetry provides real-time continuous hemoglobin (SpHb) monitoring. The triage role of SpHb trends based on hemoglobin measurements was investigated.
Methods
In this diagnostic randomized controlled trial, 69 patients undergoing spine or cytoreductive surgery were randomly enrolled into SpHb-monitoring and standard-care groups. Diagnostic blood samples were drawn for CO-oximetry Hb (CoOxHb) when the SpHb decreased by 1 g/dl or at the clinician’s discretion in the standard-care group. The positive predictive value (PPV) was defined as the ability to detect a decrease in CoOxHb > 1 g/dl or a CoOxHb < 10 g/dl; the PPVs were compared using Fisher’s exact test. The SpHb and trend accuracies were calculated. The transfusion units and postoperative hemoglobin levels were compared.
Results
The PPV of a decrease in CoOxHb > 1 g/dl was 93.3% in the SpHb group vs 54.5% without SpHb monitoring (p = 0.002). The PPV of CoOxHb < 10 g/dl was 86.7% vs. 50.0% for these groups (p = 0.015). The CoOxHb was never < 7 g/dl with SpHb monitoring. Sixty SpHb–CoOxHb data pairs and 28 delta pairs (ΔSpHb-ΔCoOxHb) were collected. The bias, precision and limits of agreement were -0.29, 1.03 and -2.30 to 1.72 g/dl, respectively. When ΔSpHb and ΔCoOxHb were > 1 g/dl, the concordance rate for changes in hemoglobin reached 100%. The delta pairs revealed a positive correlation [ΔSpHb = 0.49 * ΔCoOxHb - 0.13; r = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (0.53, 0.82)]. No significant differences were found in the transfusion volume or postoperative anemia state.
Conclusions
The SpHb trend tracked changes in hemoglobin satisfactorily during surgery and more accurately estimated the appropriate timing for invasive hemoglobin measurements than the clinicians.
Trial Registration
ChiCTR1800016290 (Prospective registered). Initial registration date was 24/05/2018.
A Case of Hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in PACU
Authors: Thapa Parineeta , Asish Subedi , Anjali Poudel , Pankaj Baral
Published: May 2019

Background: Respiratory adverse events are not uncommon in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) following general anesthesia. In this regard, hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation is a rare entity. Here we have reported a case of a 15-year-old girl who, following an uneventful general anesthesia, developed severe hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in the PACU.
Case presentation: The 15-year-old girl underwent cortical mastoidectomy under general anesthesia. After a smooth anesthesia and an uneventful early recovery, she developed hyperventilation after about 15 minutes in the PACU. The symptom was severe enough to lead to apnea, desaturation and severe respiratory alkalosis. She required bag and mask ventilation and the symptoms resolved only transiently with propofol sedation. Finally she responded to intravenous haloperidol and did not have any further episode after receiving haloperidol
Conclusion: Hyperventilation after a smooth recovery from anesthesia is not a common presentation. In this article we have tried to discuss the possible cause of such symptom in our patient and how we successfully managed this case. We have also proposed an algorithmic approach to diagnose and manage such a case in the PACU.
Free-living amoebae (Acanthamoeba spp.): diagnosis by PCR method in different sources of water in Rabat, Morocco
Authors: El Mahdi Sakhi , Mostafa Moumni , Horia Radid , Mohamed Arahou , Mohamed Fekhaoui
Published: May 2019

Free-living amoebae are ubiquitous protozoa, frequently found in the aquatic environment. Acanthamoeba spp., in some conditions, causes amoebic keratitis. Our research project aimed at studying in vivoAcanthamoeba spp. that are possibly present in water destined for human consumption. Thus, we can evaluate the rate of water contamination by determining the critical areas of its presence. In total, 150 water samples were analysed from Rabat. All the samples were collected from five different sources: river, fountain water, seawater, public bath water and tap water. The samples were distributed over three seasons: spring, summer and autumn. The positive samples by culture method were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The obtained results by microscopic identification and PCR method showed a high percentage of the presence of Acanthamoeba spp. in water in Rabat. However, during the sampling period, we noticed a non-uniform division of the positive samples with a remarkably high rate during summer. Our study showed that water contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Rabat, Morocco is at high risk of having a negative impact on public health. It is necessary to do a follow-up and study the health impacts to better evaluate the risk associated with this contamination by Acanthamoeba spp.
Application of response surface methodology to optimize the COD removal efficiency of an EGSB reactor treating poultry slaughterhouse wastewater
Authors: Williams Y. , Basitere M. , Ntwampe S. K. O. , Ngongang M. , Njoya M. , Kaskote E.
Published: May 2019

The poultry slaughterhouse industry consumes a large volume of potable water for bird processing and equipment cleaning, which culminates in the generation of high strength poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW). The wastewater contains high concentrations of organic matter, suspended solids, nitrogen and nutrients. Most poultry slaughterhouses in South Africa (SA) discharge their wastewater into the municipal sewer system after primary treatment. Due to its high strength, PSW does not meet SA's industrial discharge standards. Discharge of untreated PSW to the environment raises environmental health concerns due to pollution of local rivers and fresh water sources, leading to odour generation and the spread of diseases. Thus, the development of a suitable wastewater treatment process for safe PSW discharge to the environment is a necessity. In this study, a biological PSW treatment process using an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) was evaluated. Response surface methodology coupled with central composite design was used to optimize the performance of the EGSB reactor. The dependant variable used for optimization was chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal as a function of two independent variables, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR). The interactions between HRT, OLR and COD removal were analysed, and a two factorial (2FI) regression was determined as suitable for COD removal modelling. The optimum COD removal of 93% was achieved at an OLR of 2 g-COD/L/d and HRT of 4.8 days. The model correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.980 indicates that it is a good fit and is suitable for predicting the EGSB's COD removal efficiency.
Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Whole Blood Samples Using 23S rRNA PCR Assays
Authors: Firoozeh Farzaneh , Shiralinezhad Azam , Momen-Heravi Mansooreh , Aghadavod Esmat , Zibaei Mohammad
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

Bloodstream infections are a general cause of death among hospitalized patients. Rapid diagnosis and timely treatment can reduce mortality. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the 23S rRNA PCR assays as a rapid detection method for diagnose of sepsis in patients with suspected bacteremia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahid Beheshti University Hospital in Kashan from November 2017 to December 2018. The blood samples of 265 patients with suspected bacteremia were studied by blood culture and 23S rRNA PCR techniques. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Chi-square test.

Results:

Eighty (30.2%) blood samples of 265 suspected patients, were identified as positive by PCR assays, whereas 27 (10.2%) were identified as positive by the blood culture technique. The statistical analysis showed a significant association between the results of PCR assays and blood culture and factors such as prior antibiotic use and underlying diseases (P˂0.05). Also a significant correlation was observed between laboratory and clinical criteria and the results of both PCR assays and blood culture (P˂ 0.05).

Conclusion:

The 23S rRNA PCR method is a rapid and sensitive technique specially for diagnosing sepsis among patients in whom bacteremia is difficult to diagnose with culture method including neonates and patients who have taken antibiotics before microbial culture.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers in a Low Incidence Country
Authors: Coppeta Luca , Pietroiusti Antonio , Neri Anna , Janni Aurelio , Baldi Savino , Papa Francesca , Magrini Andrea
Published: May 2019

Background:

Tuberculosis prevention is a major goal in the hospital setting. Because of the possible progression or reactivation of latent disease, the screening of healthcare workers is an important issue in the TB control program. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of LTBI (latent tuberculosis infection) and to evaluate the main risk factors related to this condition in a teaching hospital in Italy.

Methods:

We reviewed the data of a tuberculosis screening conducted on 3622 healthcare professionals in a teaching hospital in Rome. All subjects were evaluated by QuantiFERON test which if positive, was followed by appropriate clinical and diagnostic procedures.

Results:

Latent Tuberculosis Infection LTBI condition was detected in 2.1% of the cases, most commonly in men. Male gender, higher age class, country of birth and nurse job were statistically related with the positivity to QuantiFERON test.

Conclusion:

LTBI was relatively uncommon in our population, however, given the potential risk of reactivation and progression to overt disease, the screening of healthcare workers and students is recommended in the hospital of low-incidence countries.
Non-adherence to Immunosuppressant after Lung Transplantation – A Common Risk Behavior
Authors: Annette Lennerling , Annika Kisch , Anna Forsberg
Published: May 2019

Background:

After lung transplantation, life-long treatment with immunosuppressive medication is required to prevent rejection and graft loss but adherence to immunosuppressive treatment may be difficult for the lung recipient. Adherence is essential and non-adherence to immunosuppressive treatment can lead to graft loss and death.

Objective:

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of non-adherence 1 to 5 years after lung transplantation in relation to symptom burden, health literacy, psychological well-being and relevant demographic variables.

Methods:

117 adult lung recipients, due for their annual follow-up 1-5 years after lung transplantation, participated. Four self-report instruments were used for assessment: the Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale, the Newest Vital Sign, the Psychological General Well-Being and the Organ Transplant Symptom and Wellbeing Instrument. Statistical analysis was performed.

Results:

Thirty percent of the lung recipients were non-adherent. The most common non-adherence dimension was not taking a dose (43%) and not being punctual with the regimen (80%). Of those working full time or part time, 43% were non-adherent (p=.032). A higher level of non-adherence was reported a long time after LuTx with the highest level at the 3-year follow-up.

Conclusion:

The level of non-adherence among lung recipients was high. The highest levels were found among those who had returned to work. Non-adherence increased with time after lung transplantation.
Recent Trends in Antifungal Agents: A Reference to Formulation, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Pawar Kajal , Gadhave Rutuja , Waydande Swati , Pawar Pravin
Published: May 2019

Background & Objectives:

Fungi are the heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms which are
useful as they causes the biodegradation. There are still some harmful species like yeasts, molds and dermatophytes
which cause the infections. As the fungi are eukaryotics, they do not respond to the antibiotic
therapy due to the limitations associated with the traditional antibiotic therapies. There are several antifungal
agents introduced to treat such infections. These antifungal agents posses severe problems like drug
resistance and toxicity due to the higher dose which comprises the need for newer alternatives over
conventional dosage forms. Novel drug delivery systems proved to be a better approach to enhance the
effectiveness of the antifungals and enhance patient compliance by reducing the adverse effect.

Discussion:

This review focused on the general information about fungal infections, types and mechanism
of action of antifungal agents and overview of formulation approaches such as vesicular system, colloidal
system, nanoparticulate system and in situ gelling which are often studied for antifungal treatments.

Conclusion:

We concluded that the novel drug delivery systems are the essential techniques for delivering
the antifungal agents to their target site with desired concentration. Moreover, the researchers focused
on these novel drug deliveries which mainly concentrate on controlling & sustaining the release
of antifungal agents.
Combine Drug Delivery of Thymoquinone-Doxorubicin by Cockle Shellderived pH-sensitive Aragonite CaCO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Ibiyeye Kehinde M. , Zuki Abu B.Z. , Nurdin Norshariza , Ajat Mokrish
Published: May 2019

Background:

Cockleshell-derived aragonite calcium carbonate nanoparticles were prepared
by the top-down approach for combine delivery of two types of drugs.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize thymoquinone-doxorubicin
loaded cockle shell-derived aragonite calcium carbonate nanoparticle. Aragonite calcium carbonate
nanoparticles encapsulating thymoquinone and doxorubicin alone were also prepared.

Methods:

The blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning
electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Zeta potential, Fourier transformed infrared
and X-ray diffraction. Drug delivery properties, in vitro drug release study at pH 7.4, 6 and 4.8,
and effect of blank nanoparticles on MCF10A, 3T3, MDA MB231 cells were also analyzed.

Results:

The blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles were pleomorphic and their sizes varying from
53.65 ± 10.29 nm to 60.49 ± 11.36 nm with an overall negative charge. The entrapment efficiency
of thymoquinone and doxorubicin were 41.6 and 95.8, respectively. The FTIR showed little alteration
after loading thymoquinone and doxorubicin while XRD patterns revealed no changes in the
crystallizations of nanoparticles after drug loading. The drug release kinetics of doxorubicin and
thymoquinone from the nanoparticles showed a continuous and gradual release after an initial
burst release was observed. At pH 4.8, about 100% of drug release was noticed, 70% at pH 6 while
only 50% at pH 7.4. The cell viability was 80% at a concentration of 1000 ug/ml of blank
nanoparticle.

Conclusion:

The cockle shell-derived pH sensitive aragonite calcium carbonate nanoparticle provides
an effective and simple means of multiple drug delivery and function as a platform for pH
controlled release of loaded therapeutic agents.
INCREASING THE CONSUMER PRODUCT VALUE FOR ACCOUNT OF OPTIMIZATION OF FOG COMPUTING
Authors: Varzhapetyan A. G. , Semenova E. G. , Tushavin V. A. , Smirnova M. S.
Published: May 2019

The trend of development of Russian industry for the next decade will be the transition to a digital economy - the DE of all areas of the society. Technologies of digital economy will allow to solve all actual problems presented in the «Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation». The article deals with some aspects of fog computing, a direction that has developed in recent years. The authors consider fog computing as one of the opportunities for harmonizing the relations of the parties interacting in the process of creating radioelectronic complexes.
INVESTIGATION OF M2044 VOLTAMMETER ERRORS FOR PERSPECTIVE IMPROVEMENT OF CALIBRATION METHOD
Authors: Titova M. S. , Epifantsev K. V. , Mishura T. P.
Published: May 2019

The method of checking voltmeters and ammeters involves checking certain intervals on the tool scale, which requires a sufficient amount of time from the verifier engineer. In the considered graphs, which revealed repeated dependences of the main calibration errors on the calibration time. Therefore, this study is important to verify that it is not. The main design of the study was to improve the scale of the voltmeter based on the meter readings during meter calibration at Techpribor during the testing lab from 2016 to 2018. When studying the calibration graphs, jumps in the segment in the range from 40 to 90 V. It is assumed that an increase in the relative error provided that it was used for various fields of technology to improve the verification procedure for analog instruments. The marked interval should be checked on each scale mark on each limit.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CLASS OF SYSTEM AND RETURN SYSTEM MATRIXES PROVIDING INCREASE IN NOISE IMMUNITY OF SPECTRALLY EFFECTIVE MODULATION SCHEMES ON BASIS OF ORTHOGONAL CODING
Authors: Rabin A. V. , Michurin S. V. , Lipatnikov V. A.
Published: May 2019

In work it is proposed in the digital systems of messages transmission for noise immunity's increase with the fixed code rate to use an additional coding called by the authors orthogonal. The way of a definition of orthogonal codes is presented, the synthesis algorithm of system and inverse system matrices of orthogonal codes is developed, and the main parameters of some matrices constructed by the offered algorithm are specified. Orthogonal coding as a special case of convolutional coding is defined by matrices, which elements are polynomials in the delay variable with integer coefficients. Code words are given by multiplication of an information polynomial by a system matrix, and decoding is performed by multiplication by an inverse system matrix. Basic ratios for orthogonal coding are given in article, and properties of system and inverse matrices are specified. Parameters of system and inverse system matrices assure additional gain in signal-to-noise ratio. This gain is got as a result of a more effective use of energy of transmitted signals. For transmission of one symbol energy of several symbols is accumulated.
ADAPTIVE NEURAL NETWORK PID CONTROLLER
Authors: Burakov M. V. , Shishlakov V. F. , Konovalov A. S.
Published: May 2019

The problem of constructing an adaptive PID controller based on the Hopfield neural network for a linear dynamic plant of the second order is considered. A description of the plant in the form of a discrete transfer function is used, the coefficients of which are determined with the help of a neural network that minimizes the discrepancy between the outputs of the plant and the model. The neural network processes the current and delayed input and output signals of the plant, forming an output for estimating the coefficients of the model. Another neural network determines the PID regulator coefficients at which the dynamics of the system approach the dynamics of the reference process. The calculation of weights and displacements of neurons in Hopfield networks used for identification and control is based on the construction of Lyapunov functions. The proposed methodology can be used to organize adaptive control of a wide class of linear dynamic systems with variable parameters. The results of the simulation in the article show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
CRITERIA AND MODELS FOR DESCRIPTION AND ASSESSMENT EFFICIENCY REALIZATION OF ANTI-RISK FIRE-PREVENTION ACTIONS
Authors: Goncharenko S. N. , Yaroshhuk I. V.
Published: May 2019

The paper describes an approach to the construction of a probabilistic prediction model for explosive and fire hazardous situations at a complex technological object. The basis for the development of the model is a statistical study of technological parameters. Using the study of the dynamics of the temperature curve as an example, a simulation model of the reactor emergency cooling system is formed. When developing the statistical model, a set of approaches and tools of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics is used, the indicators are checked for a normal distribution law, the basic statistical characteristics are calculated, the parameters of the probability distribution function are determined. A method for temperatures estimation based on the zoning of the working range is proposed by analogy with sigma-intervals. An accident risk assessment based on a Bernoulli test scheme with variable probabilities is considered. A probabilistic calculation of the risk assessment of accidents and incidents at a technological facility is given. Based on the analysis of existing methods, an initial set of alternative anti-risk measures has been formulated. The issue of integrated management of measures to eliminate explosive and flammable effects through the introduction of anti-risk measures is considered. On the basis of factor and statistical analyzes, a list of indicators of the original set of anti-risk measures is identified, which, together with a variety of alternative options, formed the basis for the scenarios of anti-risk measures.
MODEL AND ALGORITHMS FOR OBTAINING OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS FOR ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT WITH SMALL BATCH PRODUCTION
Authors: Sokolov K. V. , Libman N. E.
Published: May 2019

With the intensive development of modern technologies and competition for the execution of orders there is a need in the shortest possible time to find and implement optimal solutions for the management of the entire production cycle. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account a large number of initial data that have an impact on production and on the entire socio-economic system of the enterprise. Providing intellectual support to the decision-maker in the management of especially enterprises with a large range of small-scale production is now especially important. The authors developed and built a mathematical model of the description of the management system and management decision-making in enterprises with a single and small-scale production. Within the framework of this task, the optimization criterion is selected and the limitations in the system are determined. Developed algorithms and software to implement computer modeling and obtain optimal values for decision-making on the production and management of the enterprise in particularly difficult conditions.
ANALYSIS OF PROVIDING OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE ON SHORTWAVE AND ULTRASHORT WAVE CHANNELS
Authors: Kazbaev A. V. , Kitaeva E. E. , Gerasimova E. V.
Published: May 2019

The analysis of a possibility of use of two main transport protocols is carried out: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) for the organization of information exchange for short-wave (SW) and ultrashort-wave (USW) communication channels. Research of dependence of time of delivery of UDP packets of the different size on data transmission rate and value of losses in SW and USW communication systems is conducted. On the basis of data retrieved correlation of time of finishing the guaranteed message and flow capacity of noisy low‑speed communication channels is calculated and constructed, and also influence of quantity of the lost packets for the period of delivery of one message is investigated. During the analysis of transfer of the message with the guaranteed delivery several methods of the organization of information exchange with use of the UDP protocol were considered.
STRUCTURE AND COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL OF MODIFIABLE SOFTWARE PACKAGE
Authors: Babich A. M. , Akimov M. V. , Stelmakh D. S.
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the solution of key issues arising in the course of practical implementation of the artificial intelligence system elements. Based on the need to distribute tasks among several developers and ensure scalability, the structure of the system, the programming language and the data transfer protocol of the program modules were determined. The structure of the software package is conditioned by the requirement to modify and expand its capabilities by connecting additional software modules or completely replacing them. A refined algorithm for receiving and processing a command from the external environment is presented. The choice of the programming language is based on the availability of already developed libraries that solve the tasks of artificial intelligence, as well as the need to ensure cross-platform software. The choice of the programming language is based on the availability of already developed libraries that solve the tasks of artificial intelligence, as well as the need to ensure cross-platform software. The choice of the protocol for exchanging data between the individual program modules of the system was carried out proceeding from the need to transfer data of arbitrary size.
USE OF AN ACTIVE PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA IN RADAR’S SIDE LOBES CANCELLATION SYSTEM
Authors: Parshina E. S. , Cheredeev K. Yu.
Published: May 2019

The paper describes an example of designing the radar’s side lobes cancellation system. It is based on the scheme of one channel interference canceler. The analysis of the antennas, which are ussually used in radar’s side lobes cancellation systems, is done, and active phased array antenna is chosen as an antenna of the radar’s side lobes cancellation system. The array pattern was formed by using antenna synthesis iterative method in order to fulfill the radar’s side lobes cancellation system’s antenna requirements. The antenna modeling results and its’ analysis are presented. The radar’s side lobes cancellation system with active phased array antenna eliminates intentional noise or impulse interference from any side lobe directions of the radar antenna.
METHODS OF IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION PROCESS OF ELECTRONICS MANUFACTURING USING DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING CONCEPT
Authors: Aleshkin N. A. , Petrushevskaya A. A. , Karpova I. R.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the possibility applying the principles of the concept of industry 4.0 in the electronics manufacture with the introduction of Design for Manufacturing concept in an environment of computer mathematics MatLab with the efficiency increasing aim of the production process. Technological processes can be described in the form of mathematical models built with the use of Markov chains. On the basis of the developed model, the results effectiveness confirming with the use of graphs in the management technological operations are obtained. According to the launch results of each industrial batch, in deviation case from the specified limits, the non-conformity assessment will be carried out and corrective measures will be taken for the non-compliance. The method proposed in the article will make it possible to effectively use the resources available to the enterprise, excluding both the loss of continuity and control production process stability of electronics manufacturing, and the quality characteristics abnormal loss of the manufactured product.
DEVELOPMENT OF RELIABILITY PROJECT ESTIMATION PROCEDURE CONSIDERING EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION FOR ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Authors: Artyukhova M. A. , Polesskiy S. N.
Published: May 2019

Human activity is often accompanied by exposure of ionizing radiation: the exploitation of space systems and power plants, research using isotopic sources, medicine. The development of electronic equipment is regulated by carrying out activities to ensure the required reliability and radiation resistance. However, the effect of ionizing radiation on reliability indicators is not taken into account properly, or is not taken into account at all, that sometimes leads to the loss of expensive equipment and even to human victims. The article discusses the methodology for carrying out an adequate estimate of the reliability considering the influence of external influencing factors, including ionizing radiation. The timeliness of decisions making to ensure the required reliability indicators is determined by the completeness of the reliability estimation at the design stage. Effort to ensure the reliability and durability of devices after the design stage is not economically viable. The completeness and adequacy of the estimation always depends on the interaction of specialists in different fields: designers, programmers, experts in the field of circuit design, electrical engineering and experts in the field of reliability and radiation resistance.
SPECTRAL ESTIMATES OF CORRELATIONS OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAM SIGNALS, ARTERIAL PRESSURE AND PLETHYSMOGRAMS
Authors: Zakharov S. M.
Published: May 2019

Spectral analysis of simultaneously recorded signals of electrocardiograms, arterial pressure and plethysmograms is considered. Spectrograms are analyzed for ten-second and minute time records. There is a similarity of data, which allows us to talk about the temporal correlation of the initial characteristics. The same applies to the spectral representation of all signals. Correlation of spectra looks better for signals of blood pressure (BP) and PG than for ECG and BP (ECG and PG), while the phenomenon of ordering (disordering) of the spectrum as a whole plays an important role. The initial data was taken from the international database Mimic 2.3 Waveform Database Part 1/31 of the PhisioBank ATM system, and all calculations were performed using the Maple package.
DUAL-BAND ANTENNA ELEMENTS MUTUAL INFLUENCE REDUCTION DUE TO USE OF MULTI-ELEMENT TWISTREFLECTOR
Authors: Mikhailov A. N.
Published: May 2019

Technical solution that allows reduce mutual influence of «waveguide‑slot array antenna/twistreflector» system elements due to the use of a microstrip diffraction grating with rectangular elements as a twistreflector is given. The geometrical dimensions of the elements ae calculated in such a way that the diffraction grating converts a falling linearly polarized field into a field with orthogonal polarization at the working frequency band. Polarization characteristics angular dependence of twistreflector in EHF and radiation characteristics of waveguide‑slot array antenna multi‑element in SHF of investigated system was performed using FDTD method. The possibility of the system functioning in both working frequency range with an insignificant mutual influence is shown. The low level of mutual influence is explained by the significant difference in the resonant frequencies being combined.
SINGLE-PHASE UNIDIRECTIONAL TRANSDUCERS ANALYSIS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERS DESIGN
Authors: Antсev I. G. , Bogoslovsky S. V. , Sapognikov G. A. , Zhezherin A. R.
Published: May 2019

The unidirectional interdigital transducer topology features when designing SAW filters are considered. As well there are considered physical properties of various piezo‑crystals with different types of cut that allow to realize unidirectional operation of interdigital transducer. There are analyzed the conditions when the »natural» directivity of interdigital transducer becomes possible, topological variety of such transducers are considered. Various types of topology for transducers with a constant aperture are presented. Influence of the form, topology and dimensions of electrodes on characteristics of devices with directional interdigital transducers is analyzed. Influence of substrates technological parameters and interdigital transducers elements (electrodes material and thickness, substrate crystals types and cuts) on the value of attenuation and level of false signals is considered. Articles of functional electronics and SAW piezoelectric filters are used in various radio systems. Creation of passive wireless monitoring systems with use of SAW devices is considered as a separate direction of research.
ALGORITHMS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SPACE OBJECTS BASED ON A SERIES OF RADAR SWEEPS OF BROADBAND SIGNALS IN RANGE
Authors: Lagutkin V. N.
Published: May 2019

The paper considers a method for processing a series of radar sweeps in range, which can be obtained using broadband signals to identify space objects. Variants of the algorithm that numerically implements this method are developed and their modeling and comparison for signals with linear frequency modulation is carried out. In developing the method, a multi‑step Bayesian scheme for solving the problem of estimating the states of a dynamic Markov system from measurement results was used. A model of radar sweeps in range as the complex envelope of a received radar signal at the output of a filter matched with a probe pulse, which is used when developing an algorithm, is described. Analytical expressions are obtained for the likelihood function of complex radar sweeps in range in the variants of incoherent and coherent processing of sequences of discrete samples and corresponding discrete spectral amplitudes. A computer implementation of the variants of the identification of space objects using a series of radar sweeps was performed. The results of modeling the variants of the identification of space objects using a series of radar sweeps of broadband chirp signals in the case of observing axisymmetric objects are presented. The simulation showed that variants of the algorithm with processing of spectral amplitudes are preferred.
UNIVERSAL SOFTWARE PLATFORM FOR SIMULATION MODELING OF WARFARE
Authors: Konovalchik A. P. , Schiriy A. O.
Published: May 2019

Replacing part of full-scale tests of weapons and military equipment with imitation experiments is highly relevant, since it allows saving substantial material and technical resources, reducing development time, and in some cases carrying out virtual tests, the full‑scale analogue of which cannot be done. In the Almaz-Antey Corporation, a simulation system is built, consisting of a simulation platform and particular simulation models that represent the forces and means of aerospace defense and aerospace attack. The paper presents the basic principles and results of the creation of a universal software platform for simulation modeling of combat operations based on the HLA IEEE‑1516 technology. These principles and approaches partly follow from the IEEE-1516 standard itself, while others are original technical solutions. The platform is based on the principles of openness, scalability, distributed computing. The composition and features of particular models are not considered in the work.
METHODS OF IMPROVING QUALITY OF PATTERN RECOGNITION BY OPTICAL INSPECTION SYSTEMS WHEN MOUNTING ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Authors: Korneev A. A. , Glebov S. A.
Published: May 2019

The paper considers various systems for monitoring the installation of radio‑electronic devices, which includes both optical and combined systems. Also, the latest complexes of 3D automatic optical inspection (AOI) of the quality of installation of electronic components on printed circuit boards (PCB), which increase the accuracy and performance of the test and eliminate many defects during installation of components that are not available in the 2D inspection mode, are considered. Such defects include the height of the solder fillet, the angle of inclination of the body of the element, the height of the raising of the pins. The paper proposes a technique to improve the perception of visual images of components by applying several graphic images of the same component, presented in three additive color models. Improving the recognition of the outlines of components allows you to eliminate defects during the inspection at the stage of inspection of defects, while the electronic units can be repaired.
CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF MISSILE AND SPACE DEFENSE OF RUSSIA
Authors: Boev S. F.
Published: May 2019

The paper discusses the principles of creating an integrated system of missile and space defense (MSD) of the Russian Federation, as well as the tasks and areas for the development of its components: missile attack warning system, space control system and missile defense system. The importance of MSD as a basic component of the aerospace defense of Russia is noted, which necessitates the coordinated development of these systems. It is emphasized that modern ground and space based information and measuring systems of the MSD system can be effectively used in peacetime in order to solve a wide range of scientific and socio‑economic problems. The conclusion is made about the importance of accelerated coordinated development of the domestic MSD, which requires concentration of the potential of industry research organizations and manufacturing enterprises.
MODEL FOR ASSESSING SITUATIONAL AWARENESS OF SPACE SYSTEM
Authors: Erokhin V. I. , Kadochnikov A. P. , Sotnikov S. V. , Vaganov A. A. , Valeryanov D. A.
Published: May 2019

The paper presents a mathematical model for assessing the situational awareness of the space system. The model includes a set of algorithms, the main ones being the algorithm for simulating the motion of a spacecraft in a highly elliptical orbit, the algorithm for determining the observability of a given controlled area by a given spacecraft in a highly elliptical orbit at a given time, and the algorithm for determining the observability of a given controlled area by a spacecraft in a geostationary orbit. The model allows the assessment of the information capabilities of a space system of various ballistic structures and compositions. A model numerical example is considered, which makes it possible to compare observability indices of a given control region with two possible variants of a ballistic construction of a spacecraft constellation. The results of the numerical experiment showed the correctness of the proposed mathematical model.
The Prevailing Concept about Family Planning in Mosul, Iraq
Authors: Al-Ridhwany Hajir
Published: May 2019

The study interveiwed 1810 women representing two generations of mothers (grandmothers and younger mothers). Most of the studied families were Muslims (93.9%) and Arabs (83.7%). Proportion of mothers who beleived that fammily planning and contraceptives are benificial is raised by almost 50% (24.4% to 53.5% and 14.4% to 22.1% in order) between the two generations of mothers. Mis-interpretation of the words “family planning” and “contraceptives” was reported among 65.9% and 13.6% of grandmothers in comparison to 38.6% and 9.8% of younger mothers respectively. It seems that it follows the same trend of formal education. So, it is suggested to saw health education and train the health workers to explain medical terms.