bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Insurance Status on Extensor Tendon Repair Outcomes
Authors: Dalton Stewart S. , Maharjan Laura M. , Yousuf Hayyan , Pientka William F.
Published: February 2024

Background: Little is known regarding how patient insurance status influences outcomes after extensor tendon-injury repair. We aim to establish a relationship between the outcomes of primarily repaired extensor tendon injuries and patient insurance status. We hypothesize that commercially insured patients will achieve superior outcomes due to more facile access to postoperative hand therapy and fewer barriers to appropriate postoperative care. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients who underwent primary extensor tendon repair in any zone, excluding the thumb, at a single large safety-net hospital. Inclusion criteria included a minimum of eight weeks of follow-up, complete data available for review, and an extensor tendon injury requiring primary surgical repair. Four cohorts were examined: patients with commercial insurance, patients with Medicare/Medicaid, patients with county hospital-sponsored insurance, and uninsured patients. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-Square and ANOVA analyses, with significance defined as p ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 62 patients (100 digits) included, 20 had commercial insurance, 12 had Medicare/Medicaid, 13 had hospital-sponsored insurance, and 17 were uninsured. Except for mean age, there were no significant differences between groups in terms of demographic data, medical comorbidities, or digit characteristics. There were also no significant differences in mean follow-up, time to return to full activity, or surgical complications among groups. Procedure duration differed significantly between groups, with procedures lasting longer in uninsured patients. Postoperative final flexion total arc of motion (TAM) and extension measurements were similar across all groups. Additionally, hand therapy visits did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions: Following extensor tendon repair, patient insurance status did not affect outcomes in terms of final range of motion, return to full activity, or postoperative complications.
Characterizations of Pointwise Hemi-Slant Warped Product Submanifolds in LCK Manifolds
Authors: Alghamdi Fatimah
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we investigate the pointwise hemi-slant submanifolds of a locally conformal Kähler manifold and their warped products. Moreover, we derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for integrability and totally geodesic foliation. We establish characterization theorems for pointwise hemi-slant submanifolds. Several fundamental results that extend the CR submanifold warped product in Kähler manifolds are proven in this study. We also provide some non-trivial examples and applications.
A Slacks-Based Measure Model for Computing Game Cross-Efficiency
Authors: Huang Tingyang , Li Shuangjie , Liu Fang , Diao Hongyu
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces an improved slack-based game cross-efficiency measurement model that enhances the existing cross-efficiency framework and integrates it with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) game cross-efficiency. The model ensures the fairness of its results through the implementation of a more stringent selection of frontier face weights. It accounts for the competitive relationships among Decision Making Units (DMUs), achieving a Nash equilibrium solution through continuous iterations. Furthermore, the model accounts for undesirable outputs and various strategic orientations, enhancing its applicability. The model’s effectiveness is validated through comparative analyses of diverse case studies. Additionally, the model’s practical utility is demonstrated through the analysis of industrial data from various Chinese provinces between 2010 and 2019. Analysis results show that the proposed model measures production efficiency with greater precision and comparability than alternative models.
Maximizing the Downlink Data Rates in Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output with Frequency Division Duplex Transmission Mode Using Power Allocation Optimization Method with Limited Coherence Time
Authors: Naser Marwah Abdulrazzaq , Salman Munstafa Ismael , Alsabah Muntadher
Published: February 2024

The expected development of the future generation of wireless communications systems such as 6G aims to achieve an ultrareliable and low-latency communications (URLLCs) while maximizing the data rates. These requirements push research into developing new advanced technologies. To this end, massive multiple input multiple output (MMIMO) is introduced as a promising transmission approach to fulfill these requirements. However, maximizing the downlink-achievable sum rate (DASR) in MMIMO with a frequency division duplex (FDD) transmission mode and limited coherence time (LCT) is very challenging. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a DASR maximization approach using a feasible power allocation optimization method. The proposed approach is based on smartly allocating the total transmit power between the data transmission and training sequence transmission for channel estimation. This can be achieved by allocating more energy to the training signal than the data transmission during the channel estimation process to improve the quality of channel estimation without compromising more training sequence length, thus maximizing the DASR. Additionally, the theory of random matrix approach is exploited to derive an asymptotic closed-form expression for the DASR with a regularized zero-forcing precoder (RZFP), which allows the power optimization process to be achieved without the need for computationally complex Monte Carlo simulations. The results provided in this paper indicate that a considerable enhancement in the DASR performance is achieved using the proposed power allocation method in comparison with the conventional uniform power allocation method.
The Cocktail Effects on the Acute Cytotoxicity of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals Frequently Detected in the Environment
Authors: Göbölös Balázs , Sebők Rózsa E. , Szabó Gyula , Tóth Gergő , Szoboszlay Sándor , Kriszt Balázs , Kaszab Edit , Háhn Judit
Published: February 2024

Xenobiotics never appear as single, isolated substances in the environment but instead as multi-component mixtures. However, our understanding of the ecotoxicology of mixtures is far from sufficient. In this study, three active pharmaceutical ingredients (carbamazepine, diclofenac, and ibuprofen) and three pesticides (S-metolachlor, terbuthylazine, and tebuconazole) from the most frequently detected emerging micropollutants were examined for their acute cytotoxicity, both individually and in combination, by bioluminescence inhibition in Aliivibrio fischeri (NRRL B-11177). Synergy, additive effects, and antagonism on cytotoxicity were determined using the combination index (CI) method. Additionally, PERMANOVA was performed to reveal the roles of these chemicals in binary, ternary, quaternary, quinary, and senary mixtures influencing the joint effects. Statistical analysis revealed a synergistic effect of diclofenac and carbamazepine, both individually and in combination within the mixtures. Diclofenac also exhibited synergy with S-metolachlor and when mixed with ibuprofen and S-metolachlor. S-metolachlor, whether alone or paired with ibuprofen or diclofenac, increased the toxicity at lower effective concentrations in the mixtures. Non-toxic terbuthylazine showed great toxicity-enhancing ability, especially at low concentrations. Several combinations displayed synergistic effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. The application of PERMANOVA was proven to be unique and successful in determining the roles of compounds in synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effects in mixtures at different effective concentrations.
The QCD Vacuum as a Disordered Chromomagnetic Condensate
Authors: Cea Paolo
Published: February 2024

An attempt is made to describe from first principles the large-scale structure of the confining vacuum in quantum chromodynamics. Starting from our previous variational studies of the SU(2) pure gauge theory in an external Abelian chromomagnetic field and extending Feynman’s qualitative analysis in (2+1)-dimensional SU(2) gauge theory, we show that the SU(3) vacuum in three-space and one-time dimensions behaves like a disordered chromomagnetic condensate. Color confinement is assured by the presence of a mass gap together with the absence of color long-range correlations. We offer a clear physical picture for the formation of the flux tube between static quark charges that allows us to determine the color structure and the transverse profile of the flux-tube chromoelectric field. The transverse profile of the flux-tube chromoelectric field turns out to be in reasonable agreement with lattice data. We, also, show that our quantum vacuum allows for both the color and ordinary Meissner effect. We find that for massless quarks, the quantum vacuum can accommodate a finite non-zero density of fermion zero modes leading to the dynamical breaking of the chiral symmetry.
Fast and Ultrasensitive Detection of Monkeypox by a Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute System Coupled with a Short Amplification
Authors: He Ping , Zhou Wenhao , Wei Hongping , Yu Junping
Published: February 2024

Monkeypox virus (MPXV), the pathogen responsible for the infectious disease monkeypox, causes lesions on the skin, lymphadenopathy, and fever. It has posed a global public health threat since May 2022. Highly sensitive and specific detection of MPXV is crucial for preventing the spread of the disease. Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo) is an artificial DNA-guided restriction cleavage enzyme programmable with 5′-phosphorylated ssDNA sequences, which can be developed to specifically detect nucleic acids of pathogens. Here, a PfAgo-based system was established for the detection of MPXV-specific DNA targeting the F3L gene. A short amplicon of 79 bp could be obtained through a fast PCR procedure, which was completed within 45 min. Two 5′-phosphorylation guide DNAs were designed to guide PfAgo to cleave the amplicon to obtain an 18 bp 5′-phosphorylation sequence specific to MPXV, not to other orthopoxviruses (cowpox, variola, and vaccinia viruses). The 18 bp sequence guided PfAgo to cleave a designed probe specific to MPXV to emit fluorescence. With optimized conditions for the PfAgo-MPXV system, it could be completed in 60 min for the detection of the extracted MPXV DNA with the limit of detection (LOD) of 1.1 copies/reaction and did not depend on expensive instruments. Successful application of the PfAgo-MPXV system in sensitively detecting MPXV in simulated throat swabs, skin swabs, sera, and wastewater demonstrated the system’s good performance. The PfAgo platform, with high sensitivity and specificity established here, has the potential to prevent the spread of MPXV.
Analysis of the Presence and Levels of IgG Antibodies Directed against the S1 Protein Receptor Binding Domain and the N Protein of SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Immunomodulatory Therapies
Authors: Kulikowska Joanna , Kapica-Topczewska Katarzyna , Gudowska-Sawczuk Monika , Kulczyńska-Przybik Agnieszka , Bazylewicz Marcin , Mirończuk Anna , Czarnowska Agata , Brola Waldemar , Mroczko Barbara , Kochanowicz Jan , Kułakowska Alina
Published: February 2024

The coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) course and serological statuses of patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are generally parallel that of the general population. Over the pandemic’s course, however, a notable increase in the number of RRMS patients who received vaccination against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and those who had COVID-19 (symptomatic and asymptomatic) was reported. This virus and/or vaccination likely influenced DMT-treated RRMS patients’ serological statuses regarding the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and their quantitative expression. This investigation assesses the presence and levels of the antibody directed against the S1 protein receptor binding domain (SRBD) and against the N protein of SARS-CoV-2 in 38 DMT-treated RRMS patients. The findings indicate that people vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 exhibited significantly higher levels of IgG antibodies against S1-RBD at both assessment points. Patients with a prior history of COVID-19 demonstrated statistically significant increases in anti-N antibodies at visit 1, whereas such statistical significance was not observed at visit 2. DMT-treated RRMS patients generated neutralizing antibodies following vaccination and/or COVID-19 infection. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that antibody levels more accurately reflect the serological status and exhibit a stronger correlation with vaccination than just the presence of antibodies.
Barriers to and Facilitators for Accessing HPV Vaccination in Migrant and Refugee Populations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Graci Davide , Piazza Nicolò , Ardagna Salvatore , Casuccio Alessandra , Drobov Anton , Geraci Federica , Immordino Angelo , Pirrello Alessandra , Restivo Vincenzo , Rumbo Riccardo , Stefano Rosalba , Virone Roberta , Zarcone Elena , Immordino Palmira
Published: February 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted virus globally and a primary cause of cervical cancer, which ranks fourth among tumors in both incidence and mortality. Despite the availability of effective vaccines worldwide, HPV vaccination rates vary, especially among migrant and refugee populations. Indeed, migrant status may act as a determinant against accessing vaccinations, among many other factors. The objective of this paper is to evaluate barriers to and facilitators for accessing HPV vaccination in migrant and refugee populations. A systematic review of the existing peer-reviewed academic literature was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines in which we examined thirty-four studies to evaluate HPV vaccination rates in these populations and identify factors acting as barriers or facilitators. Key determinants include socio-economic status and health literacy. Communication barriers, including language and cultural factors, also impact access to information and trust in the health workforce. Understanding and considering these factors is crucial for developing proper and inclusive vaccination strategies to ensure that no population is overlooked.
Assessing Riverbank Change Caused by Sand Mining and Waste Disposal Using Web-Based Volunteered Geographic Information
Authors: Bayazidy Mansour , Maleki Mohammad , Khosravi Aras , Shadjou Amir Mohammad , Wang Junye , Rustum Rabee , Morovati Reza
Published: February 2024

River water is one of the most important natural resources for economic development and environmental sustainability. However, river water systems are vulnerable in some of the densely populated regions across the globe. Intense sand mining and waste disposal can lead to river changes, loose foundations, and biodiversity loss. This study aims to develop a web-based geographic information system (GIS) platform to monitor river channel changes and their impacts on river environments due to sand mining and waste burial. The system integrates open-source software, Windows Server 2012, a web server, and PostgreSQL with PostGIS plugins for efficient mapping and storage of geospatial data and volunteered reporting of location events. Interferometric methods, including SNAP2STAMPS Automated Algorithm, persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI), small baseline subset (SBAS), and Snap software, were used to analyze spatial changes of subsidence from Sentinel-1 satellite data from 2021 to 2023 in the Gadar River in Oshnavieh, Iran. The results showed that the maximum subsidence at the riverbank was −10.1 cm due to sand mining, and the maximum uplift was 8.2 cm due to waste landfilling. The average subsidence was reported to be −5.1 cm. The results emphasize spatial analysis, showcasing material mining’s impact on subsidence trends and underscoring the significance of public participation in monitoring river health. Three parameters—completeness, correctness, and quality—were used to validate the system. Validation results showed completeness, correctness, and quality rates of 94.15%, 92.48%, and 86.63%, respectively.
SWAT Model Performance Using Spatially Distributed Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (Ksat) and Varying-Resolution DEMs
Authors: Jin Lilai , Higgins Sarah J. , Thompson James A. , Strager Michael P. , Collins Sean E. , Hubbart Jason A.
Published: February 2024

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is a hydrologic flux parameter commonly used to determine water movement through the saturated soil zone. Understanding the influences of land-use-specific Ksat on the model estimation error of water balance components is necessary to advance model predictive certainties and land management practices. An exploratory modeling approach was developed in the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) framework to investigate the effects of spatially distributed observed Ksat on local water balance components using three digital elevation model (DEM) resolution scenarios (30 m, 10 m, and 1 m). All three DEM scenarios showed satisfactory model performance during calibration (R2 > 0.74, NSE > 0.72, and PBIAS ≤ ±13%) and validation (R2 > 0.71, NSE > 0.70, and PBIAS ≤ ±6%). Results showed that the 1 m DEM scenario provided more realistic streamflow results (0.315 m3/s) relative to the observed streamflow (0.292 m3/s). Uncertainty analysis indicated that observed Ksat forcings and DEM resolution significantly influence predictions of lateral flow, groundwater flow, and percolation flow. Specifically, the observed Ksat has a more significant impact on model predictive confidence than DEM resolution. Results emphasize the potential uncertainty of using observed Ksat for hydrological modeling and demonstrate the importance of finer-resolution spatial data (i.e., 1 m DEM) applied in smaller watersheds.
Studi Komparasi Hukum atas Perlindungan Hukum Hak Cipta pada Media Elektronik dalam Common Law dan Civil Law
Authors: Marsella Marsella , Leviza Jelly
Published: February 2024

This article aims to compare the legal protection of copyright in electronic media in common law and civil law. This research adopts normative legal research methods. This method is used to understand, explain, and evaluate normative aspects of the legal system. The research results show that the Common Law system relies on precedents and previous court decisions as the main source of law. Copyright laws may be more general and may evolve through court interpretation. Copyright is automatically granted when a creative work is created without formal registration requirements. Meanwhile, the Civil Law system has more detailed and codified coverage of the law. Copyright law is often regulated in specific and detailed copyright statutes. In some Civil Law systems, copyright registration is an important requirement to obtain legal protection. Copyright may not be granted automatically and requires registration steps. Similarities in Copyright Protection The Common Law and Civil Law legal systems lie in the legal system generally recognizing copyright as the exclusive right of the owner of a work to control the use and distribution of his work. In the context of international protection, both Common Law and Civil Law generally follow international agreements such as the Berne Convention to protect copyright across borders.
Upaya Pengembangan Objek Wisata Air Terjun Sedudo Melalui Pendekatan Community Based Tourism di Desa Ngliman Kabupaten Nganjuk
Authors: Juwita Marpaung Vini Febrianty , Nawangsari Ertien Rining
Published: February 2024

This article aims to investigate, describe, and analyze initiatives to enhance the Sedudo Waterfall tourist destination by implementing a Community-Based Tourism (CBT) approach in Ngliman Village, Nganjuk Regency. The primary concern lies in the lack of integrated management, posing a hindrance to the progress of Sedudo Waterfall. Despite the natural beauty of the Sedudo Waterfall, there is a notable absence of an effective cleanliness management system. The facilities at Sedudo Waterfall have not received proper upkeep, and the tourist spot lacks cleanliness, evident in dirty seating and scattered waste from food and beverages throughout the area. To address this issue, theoretical foundations from UNEP and WTO are employed, utilizing the five main principles outlined in Community Based Tourism Development by Suansri (2003). Data was gathered through in-depth interviews with various informants at the Nganjuk Regency Culture and subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The study concludes that: achieving the implementation of Community-based Based Tourism at the Sedudo Waterfall tourist attraction is based on economic principles, social principles, cultural principles, environmental principles, and political principles. Although on economic principles there are limited regional government budgets allocated for developing Sedudo Waterfall.
Classification for Papaya Fruit Maturity Level With Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Nurmalasari Nurmalasari , Setiawan Yusuf Arif , Astuti Widi , Saelan M. Rangga Ramadhan , Masturoh Siti , Haryanti Tuti
Published: February 2024

Papaya California (Carica papaya L) is one of the agricultural commodities in the tropics and has a very big opportunity to develop in Indonesia as an agribusiness venture with quite promising prospects. So the quality of papaya fruit is determined by the level of maturity of the fruit, the hardness of the fruit, and its appearance. Papaya fruit undergoes a marked change in color during the ripening process, which indicates chemical changes in the fruit. The change in papaya color from green to yellow is due to the loss of chlorophyll. The papaya fruit is initially green during storage, then turns slightly yellow. The longer the storage color, the changes to mature the yellow. The process of classifying papaya fruit's ripeness level is usually done manually by business actors, that is, by simply looking at the color of the papaya with the normal eye. Based on the problems that exist in classifying the ripeness level of papaya fruit, in this research, we create a system that can be used to classify papaya fruit skin color using a digital image processing approach. The method used to classify the maturity level of papaya fruit is the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Architecture to classify the texture and color of the fruit. This study uses eight transfer learning architectures with 216 simulations with parameter constraints such as optimizer, learning rate, batch size, number of layers, epoch, and dense and can classify the ripeness level of the papaya fruit with a fairly high accuracy of 97%. Farmers use the results of the research in classifying papaya fruit to be harvested by differentiating the maturity level of the fruit more accurately and maintaining the quality of the papaya fruit.
Prediction of Rainfall and Water Discharge in The Jagir River Surabaya with Long-Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
Authors: Lewu Retzi Yosia , Slamet Slamet , Wulandari Sri , Djatmiko Widdi , Kusrini Kusrini , Sulistiyono Mulia
Published: February 2024

AbstractFloods can occur at any time if the amount of river water discharge and rainfall intensity tends to be high, so preparations and ways of handling are needed to anticipate flooding quickly, precisely, and accurately for the Surabaya City Public Works Service. One of the steps to predict and analyze the status of the flood disaster alert level is to calculate predictions based on rainfall and the amount of river water discharge. This study uses the Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm to predict using a time series dataset of rainfall and river water discharge in the Jagir River, Surabaya. This data is used to make predictions with the proportion of 70% training data and 30% testing data. Data normalization is performed in intervals of 0 and 1 using a min-max scaler and activated using ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) and Adam Optimizer. The process continues by repeating the process to enter iterations, or epochs until it reaches the specified epoch (n). The data is then normalized to their original values and visualized. The model was evaluated and produced acceptable performance evaluation results for the rainfall variable, namely at epoch (n) = 75 for training data, namely a score of 0.054 for MAE and 0.099 for RMSE. In contrast, data testing was given a score of 0.041 for MAE and 0.091 for RMSE. As for the water discharge variable, the performance evaluation shows the difference between the training and testing data. Results of training data MAE = 11.10 and RMSE=18RMSE =18.61.61 at epoch (n) = 150. Results of data testing MAE = 11.37 and RMSE = 21.08 at epoch (n) = 100. These results indicate an anomaly that needs to be discussed in further research.
Clickbait Detection in Indonesia Headline News Using Indobert and Roberta
Authors: Syahputra Muhammad Edo , Kemala Ade Putera , Ramdhan Dimas
Published: February 2024

This paper explores clickbait detection using Transformer models, specifically IndoBERT and RoBERTa. The objective is to leverage the models specifically for clickbait detection accuracy by employing balancing and augmentation techniques on the dataset. The research demonstrates the benefit of balancing techniques in improving model performance. Additionally, data augmentation techniques also improved the performance of RoBERTa. However, it resulted differently for IndoBERT with slightly decreased performance. These findings underline the importance of considering model selection and dataset characteristics when applying augmentation. Based on the result, IndoBERT, with a balanced distribution, outperformed the previous study and the other models used in this research. This study used three dataset distribution settings: unbalanced, balanced, and augmented with 8513, 6632, and 15503 total data counts, respectively. Furthermore, by incorporating balancing and augmentation techniques, the research surpasses previous studies, contributing to the advancement of clickbait detection accuracy, contributing to the advancement of clickbait detection accuracy with 95% accuracy in f1-score with unbalanced distribution. However, the augmentation method in this study only improved the RoBERTa model. Moreover, performance might be boosted by gathering more varied datasets. This work highlights the value of leveraging pre-trained Transformer models and specific dataset-handling techniques. The implications include the necessity of dataset balancing for accurate detection and the varying impact of augmentation on different models. These insights aid researchers and practitioners in making informed decisions for clickbait detection tasks, benefiting content moderation, online user experience, and information reliability. The study emphasizes the significance of utilizing state-of-the-art models and tailored approaches to improve clickbait detection performance.
Errekaleor: un laboratorio de democracia comunal en un barrio del País Vasco
Authors: Uharte Pozas Luis Miguel , Curto-López Saúl
Published: February 2024

La crisis creciente del modelo de democracia liberal ha posibilitado la emergencia de modelos alternativos. Uno de los más novedosos ha sido el de la democracia comunal, que se postula como una propuesta antagónica a las perspectivas dominantes. Frente a la representatividad y el sujeto liberal reivindica un sujeto comunitario que se autogobierna. En esta investigación, se realiza un análisis de la experiencia del barrio autogestionado Errekaleor, situado en la ciudad de Vitoria-Gasteiz (País Vasco), en donde se está intentando desarrollar un modelo de democracia de carácter comunal. La metodología utilizada es de carácter etnográfico, con gran peso de la observación y de las entrevistas en profundidad. Entre los principales hallazgos destaca el germen de un modelo alternativo en el que destacan prácticas de autogobierno, autogestión y de cuidado mutuo.
The growing crisis of the liberal democracy model has enabled the emergence of alternative models. One of the most innovative has been that of communal democracy, which is postulated as an antagonistic proposal to the dominant perspectives. Faced with representativeness and the liberal subject, he claims a community subject that is self-governing. In this research, an analysis is made of the experience of the self-managed neighborhood of Errekaleor, located in the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country), where an attempt is being made to develop a model of communal democracy. The methodology used is ethnographic in nature, with a great weight of observation and in-depth interviews. Among the main findings, the germ of an alternative model stands out, in which practices of self-government, self-management and mutual care stand out.
Analysis Visitor Journey of Tourists in Garut Regency
Authors: Maspupah Dini
Published: February 2024

Garut Regency has great tourism potential with increasing visits, but there needs to be more information regarding tourists' journeys during their visit. This study aims to understand the journey of tourists before, during, and after visiting Garut Regency using the visitor journey variables in five phases (dreaming, planning, booking, experience, and sharing). The method used is quantitative research with a descriptive statistical approach, using a questionnaire as the research instrument. Most tourists who have visited Garut Regency in the past year are female Gen Z students from West Java, with few tourists from outside West Java. In the Dreaming phase, they plan to travel to other provinces, especially beaches, using private vehicles with their families. In the Planning phase, tourists pay attention to affordable prices, unique and beautiful nature, and local cuisine. Instagram social media serves as the primary source of information. In the Booking phase, tourists are interested in attractive destination photos and prefer offline ticket bookings rather than through OTA. In the Experience phase, tourists are motivated to visit with an average of more than four visits and expenses below IDR 1 million. Natural tourism has become the main image of Garut Regency. In the Sharing phase, most tourists share their experiences through Instagram social media after visiting Garut Regency.
Learning Circle Using Gobak Sodor Game Context In Eighth Grade
Authors: Nizar Harisman , Dyah Rahmawati
Published: February 2024

This research aims to produce a learning trajectory that can help students understand the concept of circles using the Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI) approach. This research takes the context of the traditional game "gobak sodor" which developed from an informal form to a formal form. The research method used is a research design that involves three stages, namely preparing for the experiment, experimental design, and retrospective analysis. This research was carried out in eighth grade class in one of Junior High School in Palembang involving 34 students. PMRI is the basis for the learning context and activities in this research. Data collection includes taking student work results, interviews, and observations. The results of the research produced a learning trajectory that supports understanding the concept of circles from informal to formal form, which involves one activity of playing "gobak sodor," collecting data through observation and measurement, as well as interpreting data and observations. The results of the learning activities show that the series of activities carried out can help students understand the concept of circles.
Unterricht im Wald. Das Berufsfeldpraktikum Waldjugendspiele in Bielefeld
Authors: Fränkel Silvia , Schmäing Till , Sellmann-Risse Daniela
Published: February 2024

Die Autor*innen berichten über die von der Universität Bielefeld konzipierten und in Kooperation mit verschiedenen städtischen Partnern durchgeführten Waldjugendspiele, die im Rahmen eines BFP von Studierenden-Tandems durchgeführt werden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Das außerschulische Berufsfeldpraktikum aus Perspektive der Studierenden. Ergebnisse einer explorativen qualitativen Interviewstudie
Authors: Bedehäsing Jutta , Fuchs Andrea , Heer Michaela , Pahl Michelle , Parusel Eva
Published: February 2024

In der vorliegenden qualitativen, leitfadengestützten Interviewstudie wurden zwölf Studierende der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal (BUW) in NRW befragt. Die inhaltsanalytisch ausgewerteten Ergebnisse fokussieren nicht auf eine Repräsentativität der Daten, sondern angesichts der eingeschränkten Befundlage auf einen Einblick in die Umsetzung sowie erste wichtige Hinweise für die Konkretisierung weiterer Forschungsanliegen und die zukünftige Ausgestaltung außerschulischer Praktika in Lehramtsstudiengängen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Poéticas de lo real en la cinematografía y la comunicación audiovisual nacional
Authors:   , Jaubet Franco Valentín
Published: February 2024

Se propone una mirada crítica sobre la obra del director cinematográfico y audiovisual contemporáneo, Luis Ortega. Considerando su narrativa cinematográfica y audiovisual como una poética que expresa la realidad social en su complejidad cultural. Definiendo a sus modos expresivos y a sus figuras de lenguaje como un proceso comunicacional en el que la estética y la política se vinculan. La imagen, en tanto cuerpo de representaciones, conlleva en el realizador, un modo de observación de las relaciones sociales, que permite ingresar a aquella complejidad con enunciaciones, procedimientos y formalizaciones que habilitan un conocimiento autónomo de la realidad. Uno de los objetivos centrales de esta tesis es el de reconocer en la obra audiovisual de Luis Ortega la configuración de un lenguaje que expresa dimensiones políticas en el marco de los conflictos culturales. La obra del realizador se ubica como una referencia de fuerte presencia de la actualidad, y se destaca por la amplitud de su observación, desde la constitución de una poética, lo que significa un mundo original, que dialoga con la historia de la cinematografía y la cultura popular argentina para dar cuenta de los procesos diversos de la existencia en este tiempo histórico.
Mathematical Model for Constructing a Map of the Location of Areas that Make Up the Background Environment for Optical-Electronic Systems
Authors: Siarheyenka А. V. , Liplianin A. Y. , Khizhniak А. V.
Published: February 2024

A developed mathematical model is presented for constructing a map of the location of areas that make up the background environment for optical-electronic systems. A feature of the proposed model is that when determining which class a particular pixel belongs to, the class values of neighboring pixels, as well as the spatial position of the pixel, are simultaneously taken into account. Quantitative assessments of the adequacy of this model and existing mathematical image models capable of constructing maps of the location of areas are given. The proposed model was compared with the Markov model, block Markov model, Gibbs model, block Gibbs model and doubly stochastic model with level quantization. Adequacy assessment was carried out using an artificial neural network developed by the authors, which evaluates the similarity of two images using a normalized similarity index ranging from 0.0 to 1.0, and its k-fold cross-validation. The comparison results showed that the developed model, according to the calculated indicator, is at least three times better than the known ones.
Structural modulation of bilayer graphene under an external electric field and carrier doping
Authors: Sultana Nadia , Gao Yanlin , Maruyama Mina , Okada Susumu
Published: February 2024

Density functional theory was used to investigate the geometric structure of bilayer graphene under an external electric field with carrier doping. Our calculations revealed the crucial impact of external electric fields and the hole injection on determining the geometric structure of bilayer graphene. The bond length of graphene monotonically increased when increasing the hole doping concentration, while it remained insensitive to electron doping. Additionally, there accumulated carriers predominantly distributed in the outermost layer located just below the gate electrode. These results enabled the construction of moiré superlattices in the bilayer graphene, possessing different moiré periodicity depending on the carrier concentration.
State of stocks and harvesting of marine mammals in Russia in 2000–2020
Authors: Boltnev Alexander I. , Zagrebelny Sergey A. , Zagrebelny Vladimir B. , Klepikovsky Roman N. , Kornev Sergey I. , Kuznetsov Vasiliy V. , Chakilev Maxim V. , Bobkov Andrey I. , Tkachev Valentin V. , Peterfeld Vladimir  A. , Boltnev Eugeniy A. , Sidorov Lev K. , Somov Alexander G. , Kuzin Alexey E. , Gushcherov Pavel S.
Published: February 2024

Purpose: analysis of stocks and harvest of marine mammals in the coastal waters of Russia in 2000–2020.

Method: collection and analysis of statistics data on the harvest of marine mammals provided by the territorial bodies of the Federal Agency for Fishery, as well as the results of a survey of the indigenous population about their harvest. The capture of marine mammals to ensure the traditional way of life of the indigenous population of the coastal regions of Russia continues to this day.

Novelty: presents new data on the state of stocks and harvest of marine mammals in the coastal waters of Russia in 2000–2020.

Results: By the beginning of the 21st century, commercial harvest for marine mammals had practically ceased for economic reasons. The trapping of marine mammals to ensure the traditional way of life of the indigenous population of the coastal regions of Russia continues to this day. The most intensive use of marine mammals is observed in Chukotka, where cetaceans, walruses and true seals are hunted. The meat and fat of marine mammals is used by the indigenous population for food purposes, as well as food for domestic dogs and fur-bearing animals when they are kept in cages. In Kamchatka, Sakhalin and along the entire mainland coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, the harvest of marine mammals by the indigenous population is significantly lower than in Chukotka. In these areas, seal fat is used for medical purposes. In remote villages of the Far North, hunted seals and beluga whales are also used for food, but collecting statistics on their production in these areas is difficult and is based on expert estimates. For a long time after the cessation of commercial fishing, the stocks of marine mammals were not assessed. Only thanks to federal funding of environmental projects of the Russian Academy of Sciences, thanks to Russian-A merican cooperation in the field of marine mammal research and the support of environmental organizations, new information has been obtained about marine mammal stocks in the last two decades of the 21st century. It is shown that despite the cessation of industrial harvesting of marine mammals, there is no significant increase in their stocks.
The state of stocks and catches of commercial fish species of the Azov and Black Seas for the period 2000–2020: dynamics and trends
Authors: Dudkin Sergej  I. , Leontiev Sergey Yu. , Mirzoyan Arsen V.
Published: February 2024

The aimto review the state of stocks and fishing against the background of changes in habitat conditions, commercial fish species of the Azov and Black Seas for the period 2000–2020.

Materials: Regular scientific research, including: hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological studies, bottom trawl and pelagic lamparian ichthyological surveys; collection and analysis of commercial biological information; analysis of commercial statistical data.

Novelty:The dynamics of the values and state of stocks of commercial fish species in the conditions of climate change is shown. In the Black Sea, the increase in the average temperature of the mixed layer, the deepening of the upper boundary of the thermocline in the summer, as well as the slowdown in the cooling of the sea in the autumn-winter period has a negative impact on the productivity of the boreal ichthyofauna and the sprat (sprat) fishery; changes the timing and intensity of migrations of some species of the Mediterranean ichthyofauna, their wintering sites, areas of formation of commercial clusters and, accordingly, the effectiveness of fishing. In the Sea of Azov, the increase in salinity caused by a steady reduction in the volume of freshwater runoff of the Don and Kuban rivers and its replacement by advection of the Black Sea waters is the most important abiotic factor in changing habitat conditions. The increase in the salinity of the Sea of Azov has led to the transformation of traditional hydro- and ichthyocenoses. The gradual transition of the Sea of Azov under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation makes it possible to more effectively apply resource-saving and resource-restoring measures in order to develop the fisheries potential of this inland sea.

As results:the results obtained in this work on the assessment of the impact of anthropogenic and climatic changes will be used to clarify the projected production (catch) of commercial fish.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Sicilian carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) accessions
Authors: Giovino Antonio , Marchese Annalisa , Bonanno Floriana , Sala Giovanna , Marra Francesco Paolo , Domina Gianniantonio
Published: February 2024

The evergreen carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) is considered one of the oldest trees in the world, cultivated since ancient times in the Mediterranean Basin, for its edible and high nutritional fruits, adapted to human and animal consumption. Spain is the main producer, followed by Italy, Portugal, Greece, Morocco, and Turkey. In Italy, the cultivation of carob is concentrated in a few provinces and insists on an area of more than 5,500 hectares. In this work 19 accessions, showing interesting fruit traits were analysed morphologically and genetically. Overall, 13 quantitative characters were considered regarding leaf (5 characters), pod (5) and seed (3). To investigate the genetic diversity 8 fluorescently labelled SSR primers were used, indicated as polymorphic in the literature. A UPGMA dendrogram was constructed to depict identity cases and relationships among the accessions. Clustering showed discrimination among accessions from Eastern and Western Sicily. The morphological characterisation does not clearly discriminate any of the cultivars recognized by the growers, similarly, the molecular analysis showed a reduced level of diversity. Since most of these local accessions are of unknown origin and that they are representative of the local germplasm they still warrant protection for their economic and environmental value.
ANALISIS RISIKO DAN PENGENDALIAN BAHAYA PEKERJAAN PERBAIKAN DRAINASE PADA PT. RAYY EMPAT PILAR
Authors: Zulkifly Zulkifly , Siboro Impol , Zainul L. M. , Purwanti Sri
Published: February 2024

Drainase merupakan salah satu fasilitas dasar ysang dirancang sebagai sistem, guna memenuhi kebutuhan bangunan dan masyarakat dan merupakan komponen penting dalam perencanaan bangunan agar dapat mengalirkan limbah ataupun air. Drainase adalah pembuangan massa air secara alami atau buatan dari permukaan atau bawah permukaan dari suatu tempat. Pembuangan ini dapat dilakukan dengan mengalirkan, menguras, membuang, atau mengalihkan air. Drainase merupakan bagian penting dalam penataan sistem penyediaan air di bidang tata ruang. Berdasarkan fokus penelitian ini mengenai Analisis Risiko dan Pengendalian Bahaya pada pekerjaan perbaikan drainase di PT. Rayy Empat Pilar maka peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif.Potensi bahaya yang yang teridentifikasi pada 7 aktifitas dalam pekerjaan perbaikan drainase  terdapat 70 bahaya diantaranya 0 bahaya rendah, 58 bahaya sedang, dan 12 bahaya Tinggi. Untuk area kerja perbaikan drainase cukup curam dikarenakan drainse yang rusak tersebut dan juga berada disamping area longsor yang cukup berpotensi untuk terjadi kembali longsor pada musim hujan ini.
A importância do cálcio para a nutrição de plantas: uma revisão
Authors: De Sá Amanda Aciely Serafim , Oliveira Gustavo Henrique de , Silva Ramon Pereira da , Assis Valeska Cristina Souza Silva de , Oliveira Cintia da Silva de , Oliveira Jaiara Almeida de , Casamassa Maurício Tayar , Berti Mariana Pina da Silva
Published: February 2024

O íon cálcio (Ca2+) é de fundamental importância para a nutrição da planta. O presente trabalho científico possui como objetivo abordar objetivo abordar a dinâmica do elemento no sistema solo-planta, mecanismo de absorção, transporte e redistribuição, marcha de absorção, a exigência do cálcio nas principais culturas agrícolas, além da participação no metabolismo vegetal e os sintomas de deficiências e excessos nutricionais.. O cálcio quando adsorvido a solução do solo é um elemento móvel, no entanto ao adentrar a planta, através do sistema radicular, esse elemento torna-se imóvel. Assim, o sintoma típico surge como clorose internerval nas folhas mais novas e queda das flores. Esses sintomas também revelam a baixa mobilidade do cálcio na planta.
Relationship between manganese minerals and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A mini review
Authors: Muhdar Izna Nurdianty
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is the fourth country with the largest prevalence of DM in the world which is caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. Risk factors for DM that cannot be modified include race, ethnicity, age, gender, genetics from a family with DM, history of giving birth >4 kg and LBW <2.5 kg. Meanwhile risk factors that can be modified include overweight, abdominal/central obesity, lack of physical activity, high blood pressure (hypertension), dyslipidemia, high calorie and unbalanced diet, prediabetes with impaired blood glucose tolerance levels (IGT 140 -199 mg/dl) or impaired fasting blood glucose levels (GDPT <140 mg/dl) as well as smoking habits. Several studies have revealed that dietary manganese is related to type 2 DM. However, the relationship between manganese diet and type 2 DM in women cannot yet be explained through a definite pathophysiological pathway after all confounding variables have been adjusted for, so it still needs to be studied further, especially regarding manganese analysis methods in assessing manganese status. which is usually based on the concentration of manganese in plasma/serum and all blood components.
A Photovoice Study Exploring the Subjective Constructions of ‘Born-Free’ Identities in a South African University
Authors: Brits Marissa , Maseti Thandokazi
Published: February 2024

The South African identity has been shaped by nation-building discourse; it remains a point of ongoing political discussion well into South Africa’s democratisation. Literature suggests that ‘South Africans’ only exist through their creation by nationalist rhetoric; therefore, growing political discontent is reflected in a disentanglement from the ‘South African’ identity. This article, using photovoice, explores Black university students’ constructions of their identity in contemporary South Africa. The participants viewed the South African society as a divided one. Although they described the impact of nation-building discourse as having existed in the past, they spoke of it as a disingenuous sentiment that has faded with the passing of former President Nelson Mandela. Instead, the participants turn to their ethnic groups to establish a fluid cultural identity. The ‘bornfree’ generation is in a state of ‘in-between’: born after the official end of apartheid, they are thought of as having access to opportunities unavailable to previous generations. However, they continue to grapple with the challenges and unresolved legacies of the past. This project’s significant contribution lies in its emphasis on the perspectives and experiences of the ‘born-frees’ themselves. Existing literature shows that politicians and academics usually control discussions related to nation-building and transformation. Yet, the voices of the ‘born-frees’ are frequently side-lined, as they are perceived to lack firsthand experience of apartheid’s challenges. This study demonstrates that, even with democratic change, there are numerous aspects of ‘born-free’ lives that have remained untransformed.