bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Type I and Type II Interferon Signature Determines Responsiveness to Anti-TNF Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Iwasaki Takeshi , Watanabe Ryu , Ito Hiromu , Fujii Takayuki , Okuma Kenji , Oku Takuma , Hirayama Yoshitaka , Ohmura Koichiro , Murata Koichi , Murakami Kosaku , Yoshitomi Hiroyuki , Tanaka Masao , Matsuda Shuichi , Matsuda Fumihiko , Morinobu Akio , Hashimoto Motomu
Published: June 2022

The factors influencing long-term responses to a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients currently remain unknown. Therefore, we herein conducted a multi-omics analysis of TNFi responses in a Japanese RA cohort. Blood samples were collected from 27 biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-naive RA patients at the initiation of and after three months of treatment with TNFi. Treatment responses were evaluated at one year. Differences in gene expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), plasma protein levels, drug concentrations, and the presence/absence of anti-drug antibodies were investigated, and a cell phenotypic analysis of PBMCs was performed using flow cytometry. After one year of treatment, thirteen patients achieved clinical remission (responders), while the others did not or switched to other biologics (non-responders). Differentially expressed genes related to treatment responses were enriched for the interferon (IFN) pathway. The expression of type I IFN signaling-related genes was higher in non-responders than in responders before and after treatment (P = 0.03, 0.005, respectively). The expression of type II IFN signaling-related genes did not significantly differ before treatment; however, it increased in non-responders and decreased in responders, with a significant difference being observed after three months of treatment (P = 1.2×10-3). The total number of lymphocytes and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10) protein levels were associated with the type I IFN signature (P = 6.7×10-7, 6.4×10-3, respectively). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) protein levels before treatment predicted fold increases in type II IFN (P = 0.03). These IFN signature-related indices (the number of lymphocytes, CXCL10, and HGF) significantly differed between responders and non-responders (P = 0.01, 0.01, and 0.04, respectively). A single-cell analysis revealed that the type I IFN signature was more highly enriched in monocytes than in other cell types. A deconvolution analysis of bulk-RNA sequence data identified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as the main sources of the type II IFN signature in non-responders. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that the dynamics of the type I and II IFN pathways affected long-term responses to TNFi, providing information on its biological background and potential for clinical applications.
Outcomes of Care by Geriatricians and Non-geriatricians in an Academic Hospital
Authors: Merchant Reshma Aziz , Ho Vanda Wen Teng , Chen Matthew Zhixuan , Wong Beatrix Ling Ling , Lim Zhiying , Chan Yiong Huak , Ling Natalie , Ng Shu Ee , Santosa Amelia , Murphy Diarmuid , Vathsala Anantharaman
Published: June 2022

Introduction

While hospitalist and internist inpatient care models dominate the landscape in many countries, geriatricians and internists are at the frontlines managing hospitalized older adults in countries such as Singapore and the United Kingdom. The primary aim of this study was to determine outcomes for older patients cared for by geriatricians compared with non-geriatrician-led care teams.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective cohort study of 1,486 Internal Medicine patients aged ≥75 years admitted between April and September 2021 was conducted. They were either under geriatrician or non-geriatrician (internists or specialty physicians) care. Data on demographics, primary diagnosis, comorbidities, mortality, readmission rate, Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS), Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, Length of Stay (LOS), and cost of hospital stay were obtained from the hospital database and analyzed.

Results

The mean age of patients was 84.0 ± 6.3 years, 860 (57.9%) females, 1,183 (79.6%) of Chinese ethnicity, and 902 (60.7%) under the care of geriatricians. Patients under geriatrician were significantly older and had a higher prevalence of frailty, dementia, and stroke, whereas patients under non-geriatrician had a higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension. Delirium as the primary diagnosis was significantly higher among patients under geriatrician care. Geriatrician-led care model was associated with shorter LOS, lower cost, similar inpatient mortality, and 30-day readmission rates. LOS and cost were lower for patients under geriatrician care regardless of frailty status but significant only for low and intermediate frailty groups. Geriatrician-led care was associated with significantly lower extended hospital stay (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.56–0.95) and extended cost (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.54–0.95).

Conclusion

Geriatrician-led care model showed shorter LOS, lower cost, and was associated with lower odds of extended LOS and cost.
Cross-Talk Between the Intestinal Epithelium and Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Ménard Sandrine , Lacroix-Lamandé Sonia , Ehrhardt Katrin , Yan Jin , Grassl Guntram A. , Wiedemann Agnès
Published: June 2022

Salmonella entericaserovars are invasive gram-negative bacteria, causing a wide range of diseases from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever, representing a public health threat around the world.Salmonellagains access to the intestinal lumen after oral ingestion of contaminated food or water. The crucial initial step to establish infection is the interaction with the intestinal epithelium. Human-adapted serovars such asS.Typhi orS.Paratyphi disseminate to systemic organs and induce life-threatening disease known as typhoid fever, whereas broad-host serovars such asS.Typhimurium usually are limited to the intestine and responsible for gastroenteritis in humans. To overcome intestinal epithelial barrier,Salmonelladeveloped mechanisms to induce cellular invasion, intracellular replication and to face host defence mechanisms. Depending on the serovar and the respective host organism, disease symptoms differ and are linked to the ability of the bacteria to manipulate the epithelial barrier for its own profit and cross the intestinal epithelium.

This review will focus onS.Typhimurium (STm). To better understand STm pathogenesis, it is crucial to characterize the crosstalk between STm and the intestinal epithelium and decipher the mechanisms and epithelial cell types involved. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize our current knowledge on the molecular dialogue between STm and the various cell types constituting the intestinal epithelium with a focus on the mechanisms developed by STm to cross the intestinal epithelium and access to subepithelial or systemic sites and survive host defense mechanisms.
Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes Between Incomplete Obstructive Colon Cancer and Non-Obstructive Colon Cancer by Tumor Location
Authors: Lim Ji Ha , Lee Woo Yong , Yun Seong Hyeon , Kim Hee Cheol , Cho Yong Beom , Huh Jung Wook , Park Yoon Ah , Shin Jung Kyong
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Obstruction in colon cancer is a well-known risk factor for worse oncologic outcomes. However, studies on differences in survival of patients with incomplete obstructive colon cancer (IOCC) by tumor location are insufficient. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare oncologic outcomes between IOCC and non-obstructive colon cancer (NOCC) according to tumor location.

Methods

From January 2010 to December 2015, a total of 2,004 patients diagnosed with stage II or stage III colon adenocarcinoma who underwent elective colectomy were included (IOCC, n = 405; NOCC, n = 1,599). Incomplete obstruction was defined as a state in which colonoscopy could not pass through the cancer lesion but did not require emergent surgery, stent insertion, or stoma formation because the patient was asymptomatic without problem in bowel preparation. Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank tests were used to compare survival between IOCC and NOCC. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine which factors affected survivals.

Results

Stage III IOCC patients showed significantly lower overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Stage II IOCC patients and stage III NOCC patients had similar survival curves. IOCC patients with tumors on the right side showed worse OS than other patients. In multivariable analysis, incomplete obstruction was an independent risk factor for worse OS and RFS in all stages. Tumor located at the right side in stage III was an independent risk factor for RFS (HR: 1.40, p = 0.030).

Conclusions

Patients with IOCC showed significantly worse survival outcomes than those with NOCC. Stage II IOCC patients and stage III NOCC patients showed similar survival. Patients with stage III IOCC located at the right side showed significantly worse oncologic outcomes than those located at the left side. These results confirm that prognosis is different depending on the presence of incomplete obstruction and the location of the tumor, even in the same stage.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Clinical Outcomes in Children With COVID-19
Authors: Bline Katherine , Andrews Angel , Moore-Clingenpeel Melissa , Mertz Sara , Ye Fang , Best Victoria , Sayegh Rouba , Tomatis-Souverbielle Cristina , Quintero Ana M. , Maynard Zachary , Glowinski Rebecca , Mejias Asuncion , Ramilo Octavio
Published: June 2022

Background

Although children with COVID-19 account for fewer hospitalizations than adults, many develop severe disease requiring intensive care treatment. Critical illness due to COVID-19 has been associated with lymphopenia and functional immune suppression. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) potently suppress T cells and are significantly increased in adults with severe COVID-19. The role of MDSCs in the immune response of children with COVID-19 is unknown.

Aims

We hypothesized that children with severe COVID-19 will have expansion of MDSC populations compared to those with milder disease, and that higher proportions of MDSCs will correlate with clinical outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, observational study on a convenience sample of children hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and pre-pandemic, uninfected healthy controls (HC). Blood samples were obtained within 48 h of admission and analyzed for MDSCs, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells by flow cytometry. Demographic information and clinical outcomes were obtained from the electronic medical record and a dedicated survey built for this study.

Results

Fifty children admitted to the hospital were enrolled; 28 diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19 (10 requiring ICU admission) and 22 detected by universal screening (6 requiring ICU admission). We found that children with severe COVID-19 had a significantly higher percentage of MDSCs than those admitted to the ward and uninfected healthy controls. Increased percentages of MDSCs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were associated with CD4+ T cell lymphopenia. MDSC expansion was associated with longer hospitalizations and need for respiratory support in children admitted with acute COVID-19.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that MDSCs are part of the dysregulated immune responses observed in children with severe COVID-19 and may play a role in disease pathogenesis. Future mechanistic studies are required to further understand the function of MDSCs in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.
Real-World Data and Budget Impact Analysis (BIA): Evaluation of a Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Diagnostic Approach in Two Orthopedic Rare Diseases
Authors: Pedrini Elena , Negro Antonella , Di Brino Eugenio , Pecoraro Valentina , Sculco Camilla , Abelli Elisabetta , Gnoli Maria , Magrelli Armando , Sangiorgi Luca , Cicchetti Americo
Published: June 2022

Objective: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, changing the diagnostic approach, has become essential in clinical settings, and its adoption by public health laboratories is now the practice. Despite this, as technological innovations, its intake requires an evaluation of both the clinical utility and the economic investment, especially considering the rare disease scenario. This study evaluated the analytical validity and the budget impact of an NGS-Ion Torrent™ approach for the molecular germline diagnosis of two musculoskeletal rare diseases.

Methods: Two cohorts of 200 and 199 patients with suspect or clinical diagnosis of multiple osteochondromas (MO) and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) previously evaluated with a single-gene diagnostic protocol were re-analyzed using a targeted NGS assay. Analytical validity was assessed by comparing NGS and single-gene protocol. A budget impact analysis using real-world cost data-considering the healthcare perspective— was performed by applying activity-based costing (ABC). The cost considered consumables, personnel, and equipment. Additional costs not related to NGS activities were not considered. Sensitivity analysis was performed.

Results: The NGS method showed a higher (for MO) and comparable (for OI) diagnostic sensitivity than the traditional techniques, apart from always reducing the time and costs of diagnosis. Overall, the cost saving per patient is € 765 for OI and € 74 for MO. Materials represented the highest cost driver of the NGS process. A time saving—proportional to the panel size—has been assessed in both cases.

Conclusions: Our targeted NGS diagnostic approach decreases time to diagnosis and costs, appearing to be beneficial and recommended both for patients and from a healthcare perspective in routine diagnosis also considering very small gene panels and a low patient flow. The adequate analytical sensitivity always required the additional Sanger sequencing step of the low- and non-covered regions. A more accurate strategy evaluation is suggested in the case of ultra-rare/complex diseases, large gene-panel, or non-reference diagnostic centers.
Recent Advancements of Monotherapy, Combination, and Sequential Treatment of EGFR/ALK-TKIs and ICIs in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Liao Dehua , Yu Lun , Shangguan Dangang , Zhang Yongchang , Xiao Bowen , Liu Ni , Yang Nong
Published: June 2022

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths with high morbidity and mortality. Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 85% of all cases. Fortunately, the development of molecular oncology provides a promising and effective therapeutic strategy for lung cancers, including specific gene mutations/translocations and immune checkpoints, with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) common mutations first and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocations later as the targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as immunotherapy. This review summarized the recent therapy advancements of TKIs and ICIs in NSCLC and focused on the clinical effect of combination or sequential treatment so as to provide the effective advice for the treatment of NSCLC.
Homologous Recombination Pathway Alternation Predicts Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer With Chemotherapy
Authors: Lin Yan , Liao Xiaoli , Zhang Yumei , Wu Guobin , Ye Jiazhou , Luo Shanshan , He Xinxin , Luo Min , Xie Mingzhi , Zhang Jinyan , Li Qian , Huang Yu , Liao Sina , Li Yongqiang , Liang Rong
Published: June 2022

Background: Chemotherapy is the basic treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, colorectal cancer cells often develop resistance to chemotherapy drugs, leading to recurrence and poor prognosis. More and more studies have shown that the Homologous recombination (HR) pathway plays an important role in chemotherapy treatment for tumors. However, the relationship between HR pathway, chemotherapy sensitivity, and the prognosis of CRC patients is still unclear.

Methods: We collected 35 samples of CRC patients after chemotherapy treatment from Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, then collected mutation data and clinical prognosis data from the group. We also downloaded Mondaca-CRC, TCGA-CRC cohorts for chemotherapy treatment.

Result: We found that HR mutant-type (HR-MUT) patients are less likely to experience tumor metastasis after receiving chemotherapy. Additionally, our univariate and multivariate cox regression models showed that HR-MUT can be used as an independent predictor of the prognosis of chemotherapy for CRC patients. The KM curve showed that patients with HR-MUT CRC had significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) time (log-rank p = 0.017; hazard ratio (HR) = 0.69). Compared to HR mutant-type (HR-WT), HR-MUT has a significantly lower IC50 value with several chemotherapeutic drugs. Pathway enrichment analysis further revealed that the HR-MUT displayed a significantly lower rate of DNA damage repair ability, tumor growth, metastasis activity, and tumor fatty acid metabolism activity than HR-WT, though its immune response activity was notably higher.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that HR-MUT may be a relevant marker for CRC patients receiving chemotherapy, as it is closely related to improving OS time and reducing chemotherapy resistance.
The Angiosperm Stem Hemiparasitic Genus Cassytha (Lauraceae) and Its Host Interactions: A Review
Authors: Zhang Hongxiang , Florentine Singarayer , Tennakoon Kushan U.
Published: June 2022

Cassytha, also known as laurel dodder or love vine, is a stem hemiparasite of the Lauraceae family. It has long been used for medicinal purposes in many countries and has increasingly influenced agricultural and natural ecosystems by its effects on a wide range of host species. Previous studies have focused on the taxonomy and evolutionary position of different Cassytha, with the pan-tropical species Cassytha filiformis being the most widely studied. However, Cassytha–host interactions have never been reviewed, which is an essential issue related to the understanding of mechanisms underlying plant hemiparasitic and the assessment of benefits and damage caused by aerial parasitic plants. This review explores the parasitic habits, worldwide distribution, and host range of Cassytha, and examines its impacts on the biology of host plants and the overall influence of environmental changes on Cassytha–host associations. We also comment on areas of future research directions that require to better understanding Cassytha–host interactions. It appeared that some traits, such as flowering phenology, facilitated Cassytha’s widespread distribution and successful parasitism and that Cassytha preferred woody species rather than herbaceous species as a host, and preferred species from certain families as hosts, such as Fabaceae and Myrtaceae. Cassytha often decreased biomass and impacted the physiology of host species and global environmental changes seemed to intensify the negative impacts of Cassytha on their hosts. Cassytha was not only a noxious weed, but can also function as a biocontrol agent to mitigate alien plant invasion.
Simulating Extreme Environmental Conditions via Mental Imagery: The Case of Microgravity and Weight Estimation
Authors: Gatti Matteo , Palumbo Rocco , Di Domenico Alberto , Mammarella Nicola
Published: June 2022

Mental imagery can be used for recreating an extreme environment experience. Here we assessed whether microgravity effects over cognition, that typically occur during a space mission, may be reproduced via mental imagery. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions in which they were guided to imagine to be (1) in outer space or (2) in a nature scenario and subsequently estimate the weight of common objects. We found that only for those who engaged in a space scenario imagery, there was a decrease in object weight estimation compared with a prior rating. This finding is the first to indicate that the effects of weightlessness on cognition can be simulated via an imagery-based technique and add to the ongoing debate about the importance of trying to disentangle the effect of microgravity alone on human performance. Moreover, our findings ultimately suggest that imagery can be used as a less expensive simulated scenario for studying the impact of extreme environmental conditions over astronauts’ cognition and behavior.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Technology Integration in Teaching-Learning Practices: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akram Huma , Abdelrady Abbas Hussein , Al-Adwan Ahmad Samed , Ramzan Muhammad
Published: June 2022

The rapid expansion of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has transformed learners into digital learners, requiring teachers to integrate technology into their pedagogical approaches, where teachers’ attitudes, technological knowledge, and skills play a significant role in its effective integration. From this perspective, the current study presents teachers’ perceptions regarding technology integration in their teaching-learning practices at all educational levels in light of the previous studies performed in the last 5 years in Pakistan. The findings reveal that teachers exhibit positive perceptions regarding technology integration in teaching-learning practices. They believe that technology-incorporated teaching assists them in enhancing their instructional practices effectively, making the learning process exciting and interactive, and keeping learners motivated. Regarding barriers, the slow speed of the internet, load shedding, lack of infrastructure, online teaching experience, and training were reported as the main obstacles that hinder teachers from effective integration of ICT into their teaching practices. Accordingly, the study findings suggest that concerned authorities should set clear and effective policies to make efficient use of ICT by allocating a sufficient budget and ensuring all necessary facilitation (e.g., ICT infrastructure, tools, software, internet, and labs) in all educational institutions. Furthermore, particular attention should be devoted to supplying adequate opportunities for the career development of teachers in developing technological competencies, which help them successfully use ICT in their instructional practices.
Sociodemographic Determinants of Willingness and Extent to Pay for COVID-19 Vaccine in India
Authors: Kiran Tanvi , Junaid K. P. , Sharma Divya , Jain Lovely , Vij Jatina , Satapathy Prakasini , Chakrapani Venkatesan , Patro Binod Kumar , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar , Singh Ritesh , Pala Star , Bali Surya , Rustagi Neeti , Goel Kapil , Sankhe Lalit , Modi Bhavesh , Gupta Madhu , Aggarwal Arun Kumar , Rajagopal Vineeth , Padhi Bijaya Kumar
Published: June 2022

Background

Responding to the fast transmission rates and increasing fatality rates, countries across the world expedited the development and deployment of the vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Evaluation of individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) would provide pertinent information regarding future demand and financing preferences, which shall help to devise the effective payment strategy for COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

A nationwide, cross-sectional, and self-administered online survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted to identify the sociodemographic determinants of willingness and extent to pay for COVID-19 vaccine in India. A non-probability convenience sampling followed by snowball sampling was employed to recruit participants (n = 3,341). The likelihood of sociodemographic determinants to predict willingness and extent to pay was modeled using the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis.

Results

Out of 3,341 participants, 68% (n = 2,271) were willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine. Results showed significantly higher odds for willingness to pay among participants who were single [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.394, p < 0.01] and having a family size of 4 members (aOR = 1.346, p < 0.01). The adjusted odds ratio sizably increased from 1.396 for participants whose monthly income was between INR 10,000 and 20,000/month to 2.240 for participants whose monthly income was above INR 50,000/month. Further, out of 2,271 of those participants who were willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine, majority (n = 1,246, 54.9%) of participants were willingness to pay below 50% of COVID-19 vaccine cost. This study found that those who are single (aOR = 0.688, p < 0.01), having an income between INR 20,000 and 50,000/month (aOR = 0.686, p < 0.05), and those who belonged to socially disadvantaged category (aOR = 0.450, p < 0.01) were estimated to have significantly lower odds of willingness to pay more than 50% of COVID-19 vaccine cost.

Conclusion

This study observed that majority of those participants who willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine were willingness to pay only up to 50% of COVID-19 vaccine and income was observed as a precursor predictor of the willingness and extent to pay for COVID-19 vaccine. The understanding on the willingness and extent to pay for COVID-19 vaccine and its sociodemographic determinants will be helpful for making the strategic decisions related to the financing of COVID vaccine in India.
Hospital Culture and Healthcare Workers' Provision of Patient-Centered Care: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Authors: Huang Xianhong , Gao Yuan , Chen Hanlin , Zhang Hao , Zhang Xiaoting
Published: June 2022

Background

Patient-centered care (PCC) is globally recognized as a high-quality and high-value healthcare service. It emphasizes the broad participation of patients and families in health-related decision-making and the provision of healthcare services that cater to patients' needs, preferences, and values. However, the mechanisms driving healthcare workers' provision of PCC are yet to be fully uncovered.

Methods

Using stratified random sampling, we recruited 1,612 healthcare workers from different levels of public hospitals in Hangzhou. We conducted survey interviews using questionnaires based on psychometrically sound scales. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the effects of hospital culture, self-efficacy, and achievement motivation on the perceived provision of PCC by healthcare workers and to explore the mechanisms underlying their relationships.

Results

Self-efficacy had a positive mediating effect in the relationship between hospital culture and healthcare workers' perceived provision of PCC (β = 0.424,p< 0.001). Furthermore, the pursuit of success positively moderated the mediating role of self-efficacy (β = 0.128,p< 0.001), whereas, the avoidance of failure negatively moderated the mediating role of self-efficacy (β = -0.017,p< 0.001).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that hospitals should foster patient-centered and innovative cultures and develop strategies focusing on both internal motivation (self-efficacy and achievement motivation) and external environments (hospital culture) to help and encourage healthcare workers to implement PCC. For example, hospitals could further communication skills training, enhance leadership, build team spirit, and promote collaboration among healthcare workers.
Comparative Learning Curves of Microscope Versus Exoscope: A Preclinical Randomized Crossover Noninferiority Study
Authors: Layard Horsfall Hugo , Mao Zeqian , Koh Chan Hee , Khan Danyal Z. , Muirhead William , Stoyanov Danail , Marcus Hani J.
Published: June 2022

Background

An exoscope heralds a new era of optics in surgery. However, there is limited quantitative evidence describing and comparing the learning curve.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the learning curve, plateau, and rate of novice surgeons using an Olympus ORBEYE exoscope compared to an operating microscope (Carl Zeiss OPMI PENTERO or KINEVO 900).

Methods

A preclinical, randomized, crossover, noninferiority trial assessed the performance of seventeen novice and seven expert surgeons completing the microsurgical grape dissection task “Star’s the limit.” A standardized star was drawn on a grape using a stencil with a 5 mm edge length. Participants cut the star and peeled the star-shaped skin off the grape with microscissors and forceps while minimizing damage to the grape flesh. Participants repeated the task 20 times consecutively for each optical device. Learning was assessed using model functions such as the Weibull function, and the cognitive workload was assessed with the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX).

Results

Seventeen novice (male:female 12:5; median years of training 0.4 [0–2.8 years]) and six expert (male:female 4:2; median years of training 10 [8.9–24 years]) surgeons were recruited. “Star’s the limit” was validated using a performance score that gave a threshold of expert performance of 70 (0–100). The learning rate (ORBEYE −0.94 ± 0.37; microscope −1.30 ± 0.46) and learning plateau (ORBEYE 64.89 ± 8.81; microscope 65.93 ± 9.44) of the ORBEYE were significantly noninferior compared to those of the microscope group (p = 0.009; p = 0.027, respectively). The cognitive workload on NASA-TLX was higher for the ORBEYE. Novices preferred the freedom of movement and ergonomics of the ORBEYE but preferred the visualization of the microscope.

Conclusions

This is the first study to quantify the ORBEYE learning curve and the first randomized controlled trial to compare the ORBEYE learning curve to that of the microscope. The plateau performance and learning rate of the ORBEYE are significantly noninferior to those of the microscope in a preclinical grape dissection task. This study also supports the ergonomics of the ORBEYE as reported in preliminary observational studies and highlights visualization as a focus for further development.
Experimental and Numerical Study on the Bending Behavior of Satin-Woven SiCf/SiC Composites
Authors: Li Xiang , Luo Ruiying
Published: June 2022

The present research intends to explore the progressive failure in the case of five-harness SiCf/SiC satin-woven sheet composites consisting of twelve layers using a combination of numerical and experimental methods. For derivation and characterization of the bending behavior, a three-point bending procedure was used under conditions of atmospheric temperature. A charge-coupled device (CCD) camera was used to monitor the initiation and evolution of the failures. Variations in the strain fields were quantified following the digital image correlation (DIC) approach, whereas the resultant failure markings were elucidated by conducting microscopic assessments. The 3D finite element modeling (FEM) of the experiment was accomplished via ABAQUS/Explicit, thereby reproducing the material performance. A 3D-modified theory of the Tsai-Wu failure initiation was executed by exploiting the VUMAT subroutine. The evolutionary rule was used to study the complementary failure. A cohesive zone element of the composite interlayer was utilized to mimic the intra-deformation interfacial damage. The DIC-based experimental values of the strain fields agreed favorably with the numerical computations and the strength value error was less than 10%. An in-depth investigation was performed concerning the advantage of the 3D modeling approach to study the applicability of the method for the foreseeable distribution of the complex field parameters (e.g., progressive failure deposition and free edge effect) inside the critical specimen section.
Resolution to Expression of Concern: “Al-Baqami, N.M.; Hamza, R.Z. Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Hepatotoxicity of Cadmium in Male Rats: Antioxidant and Histopathological Approaches. Coatings 2021, 11, 594”
Authors:   Coatings Editorial Office
Published: June 2022

The journal’s Editorial Office and journal editors are jointly issuing a resolution to the Expression of Concern [...]
Croatian Migrant Families: Local Incorporation, Culture, and Identity
Authors: Čapo Jasna
Published: June 2022

So far, Croatian migrant families have been predominantly studied within the scope of theoretical questions oriented toward ethnicity and their role as the guardians of ethnic/national identity. Going beyond the ethnic lens of those studies, the article focuses on an exploration of family structures and the social functioning of wider kinship networks in the migration context as well as an understanding of how migrants conceive of ethnic/national identity. By highlighting the complex entanglements of traditional family patterns (patrilocality, seniority, and gender roles), transnational kinship networks and “a little tradition of ethnic/national identity” held by migrants, this article seeks to establish autonomous research into family processes among Croatian migrants and to make a rapprochement between classical anthropological research of family and kinship and migration studies.
Will Coiling Survive through the Next Decade?
Authors: Henkes Hans , Klisch Joachim , Lylyk Pedro
Published: June 2022

During the past three decades, neuroendovascular therapy has evolved from a focus on new disease concepts to revised treatment strategies and, ultimately, to versatile new technologies [...]
Study of the Agglomeration Characteristics of Cultivated Land in Underdeveloped Mountainous Areas Based on Spatial Auto-Correlation: A Case of Pengshui County, Chongqing, China
Authors: Luo Guanglian , Wang Bin , Li Ruiwei , Luo Dongqi , Wei Chaofu
Published: June 2022

The economic and social orientation of cultivated land in underdeveloped mountainous areas is obvious. A study of the spatial agglomeration characteristics of cultivated land quality can provide guidance for regional economic and social development. Taking Pengshui County, Chongqing, China as the study area, the spatial agglomeration characteristics of cultivated land quality indexes at county, township and village levels were analyzed by using the auto-correlation analysis method. The results showed that: (1) At different spatial scales, the cultivated land quality index showed spatial agglomeration characteristics. (2) Moran’s I values of the cultivated land quality index at county, township and village level decreased successively, but three indexes still showed significant positive spatial correlation. (3) The spatial scale affects the spatial agglomeration of the cultivated land quality index, and its influence is physical, with a utilization and economic quality grade index from large to small. In underdeveloped mountainous areas, the spatial agglomeration characteristics of township scale and physical quality grade index are the most stable and significant, which can be used as the direct basis for zoning of cultivated land protection and site selection of rural residents’ agglomeration points.
Analysing Assistance Discourse Provided to Stakeholders to Utilize E-Learning in the Higher Education
Authors: Altameemi Yaser Mohammed , Alomaim Thamir Issa
Published: June 2022

This paper analyses how the E-Learning Unit at the university level (re)constructs instructions that facilitate the utilization of e-learning by stakeholders. More specifically, the paper presents an analysis of an assistance discourse during the University of Ha’il transition to distance learning that was prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers suggest revising educational regulations for in-depth qualitative analysis of stakeholders’ views on policy. In so doing, they conducted various levels of analyses using two sets of data: (1) two surveys (for students and academic staff); (2) and four interviews with the coordinators of the E-Learning Unit at the university. The surveys identify the institutional context during the transition period to distance learning. The interviews are also analysed using Fairclough and Fairclough’s (2012) practical reasoning approach to clarify the strategies for supporting stakeholders. The main finding of the research is that the style of assistance discourse and the types of support should be stated clearly in university policy to enhance the effectiveness of the E-Learning Unit’s support of stakeholders.
El 18 de octubre entrerriano
Authors: Leyes Rodolfo Matías
Published: June 2022

El 17 de octubre de 1945 es una fecha que marcó la historia argentina pasada, y tiene reminiscencias en el presente. Aquel día un grupo de obreros, con algún grado de espontaneidad e independencia de las grandes estructuras gremiales, se movilizaron a la Plaza de Mayo de la ciudad de Buenos Aires en pedido de la libertad de Perón. Detrás de la liberación de Perón se ocultaba la defensa de las mejoras materiales que se habían otorgado a lo largo de la denominada Revolución de Junio, el golpe de Estado que tenía a Perón como uno de sus más destacados exponentes, y manejaban la suerte del país desde 1943.

La pregunta rectora de este trabajo es qué pasó por aquellos días en la provincia de Entre Ríos, y tratar de responder a partir de una reconstrucción histórica de los sucesos previos y durante las conocidas “jornadas de octubre”. Para dar un verdadero carácter provincial se han estudiado los hechos analizando las principales ciudades de la provincia, además de su capital. También se ha recurrido a una variedad de fuentes como periódicos locales y materiales del Fondo Secretos, confidenciales y reservados y del Fondo Justo del Archivo General de la Nación.
Un caso de derecha nacionalista rusa en la Argentina de los años ’30: el periódico Russkaia Gazeta
Authors: Piemonte Víctor Augusto
Published: June 2022

Este estudio reconstruye críticamente la historia de uno de los tantos grupos que desde la colectividad rusa en Argentina dieron vida a una intensa actividad editorial: los nacionalistas de derecha que publicaron el periódico Russkaia Gazeta en 1937. La hipótesis aquí propuesta consiste en señalar que, contrariamente al objetivo mutualista que originalmente había asumido, Russkaia Gazeta no se concentró en atender las necesidades de los inmigrantes rusos en Argentina, sino que fue pensado como un dispositivo de aglutinamiento antibolchevique desde donde se pudieran denunciar las políticas soviéticas.
Posición, identidad y lenguaje. Algunos rasgos elementales de la historiografía económica argentina en la segunda década del siglo XXI
Authors: Wasserman Martín L. E.
Published: June 2022

El presente ensayo intenta reconstruir sucintamente una imagen panorámica sobre dos aristas de la historiografía económica argentina actual: su intrínseca constitución interdisciplinaria y su posicionamiento en relación con otras historiografías económicas. Para ello se recuperan de manera abreviada las grandes líneas temáticas visibles en su producción actual, tal como lo reflejan las Jornadas organizadas por la Asociación Civil Argentina de Historia Económica, y su relación con otros congresos y reuniones académicas de alcance internacional. Se intenta ofrecer así una aproximación primaria a aquellas dos aristas, que permita a su vez calibrar el modo en que Historia y Economía se relacionan en la disciplina argentina, así como la posición y relación que el campo de la historia económica sostiene con las otras grandes áreas de la disciplina: la historia social, la historia política y la historia cultural.
La historiografía política del siglo XIX argentino. Notas sueltas sobre tres familias de problemas
Authors: Bragoni Beatriz
Published: June 2022

El artículo traza un recorrido problematizador de la historiografía política del siglo XIX argentino de la última década. Está organizado alrededor de tres familias de problemas con el fin de ilustrar temas, enfoques y procedimientos de investigación distintivos de la renovada agenda académica que mejoró la comprensión de la vida política decimonónica, y gravitó en las nuevas narrativas sobre los orígenes y conformación del estado y el sistema político nacional.
En los umbrales del siglo XXI: aportes al campo de la historia social desde la práctica historiográfica
Authors: Gordillo Mónica
Published: June 2022

La vasta producción historiográfica y de las disciplinas afines que analizan históricamente determinados problemas, nos muestran diversas formas de aproximación a historias sociales, en plural, según cuál sea el foco donde se centre la mirada. Desde la salida de la última dictadura cívico militar la producción sobre estos temas no ha dejado de crecer y diversificarse. Propongo presentar los aportes de algunxs referentxs de la sociología histórica, de la antropología y de corrientes del marxismo crítico, desarrollados en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, destacando la potencialidad de sus herramientas para la comprensión de distintas formas de acción social y en particular del conflicto, puntualizando algunos desarrollos de la producción historiográfica argentina que habrían desplegado esos aportes. Me interesa además ubicar temporalmente esas reflexiones como producto de las discusiones que tuvieron lugar desde fines de los años ‘70 en los países centrales, coincidentes con la crisis del fordismo y la posterior desintegración de la URSS, realizándose luego algunos trabajos de síntesis e integración en los años ‘90. Cabe señalar que estas reflexiones no se proponen efectuar un análisis exhaustivo de la producción si no marcar un recorrido donde se fueron sedimentando distintas aproximaciones y prácticas historiográficas que permiten abordar nuevos y viejos temas, enfoques y escalas de análisis de una forma muy productiva para el conocimiento histórico.
De trabajadores, mujeres y policías: notas sobre las últimas décadas de historia social argentina
Authors: Schettini Cristiana
Published: June 2022

Este texto reúne algunos ejemplos de una producción reciente en la historiografía argentina en el campo de las mujeres, el trabajo y la policía, dedicada al período comprendido entre mediados del siglo XIX y del XX. A partir de la producción en campos temáticos aparentemente disímiles, explora cómo se desarrolló la convivencia entre algunas tradiciones de la historia social argentina y sus renovaciones en las últimas décadas. Sostiene que estos estudios expresan combinaciones entre problemas de investigación que se alimentan de la historia desde abajo y una persistente valorización de una perspectiva global. El resultado, lejos de expresar una tendencia de fragmentación temática y metodológica, contribuye a la construcción de nuevos campos de problemas, principalmente en torno a las periodizaciones y las hipótesis que estas conllevan.
PISA FEN OKURYAZARLIĞI YETERLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN ÖLÇME VE DEĞERLENDİRME VE FEN BİLİMLERİ ALAN UZMANLARI AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: SELÇUK Eray , TEZBAŞARAN Abdullah Ata
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmada, çeşitli ulusal düzeydeki sınavlardan seçilen sekizinci sınıf fen bilimleri testlerindeki maddelerin PISA’da tanımlanan fen okuryazarlığı yeterlik düzeylerine göre dağılımlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu inceleme fen bilimleri ile ölçme ve değerlendirme uzmanlarının görüşleri doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada doküman inceleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya, ölçme ve değerlendirme alanından 27, fen bilimleri alanından 28 uzman katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında uzmanlardan, sekizinci sınıf fen bilimleri testlerindeki her bir maddenin PISA Fen okuryazarlığı yeterliklerine göre düzeylendirilmesi istenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde, uzmanların her bir madde için yapmış olduğu değerlendirmelerin mod değeri ölçme düzeyi ölçüsü olarak kullanılmıştır. Uzmanların uyum değeri, varyans analiziyle güvenirlik kestirimi yollarından biri olan intraclass (grup içi) korelasyon katsayısıyla hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, test maddelerinin PISA fen okuryazarlığına göre düzeylendirilmesinde ölçme ve değerlendirme uzmanlarının fen bilimleri uzmanlarına göre daha yüksek uyum gösterdiği gözlemlenmiştir.
A mitologia de uma “identidade indígena” única e a sua transmutação em “caboclo"
Authors: ALMEIDA Azevedo Paulo de Helena
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre a construção de uma identidade única sobre a presença indígena no Brasil e, a partir disto, abordar a construção do “caboclo” como elemento que ora se relaciona com a invisibilização dos povos indígenas, ora é visto como força de valorização pelos conhecimentos afro-brasileiros. Analisa-se o conto “Os Porcos”, de Júlia Lopes de Almeida (1903) e o livro “A Ialorixá e o Pajé”, de Mãe Stella de Oxóssi, salientando uma perspectiva de longa duração.
Oyèrónke´ Oyěwùmí e a construção do gênero na iorubalândia
Authors: LERMEN Nathan
Published: June 2022

A invenção das mulheres - Construindo um sentido africano para os discursos ocidentais de gênero foi publicada no Brasil pela Editora Bazar do Tempo no primeiro semestre de 2021. Tal publicação é derivada de seu original em inglês “The Invention of Women: Making an African Sense of Western Gender Discourse” (1997) sob autoria da professora e socióloga nigeriana de origem iorubá, Oyèrónkẹ´ Oyěwùmí. A autora busca compreender a maneira pela qual o gênero foi construído na sociedade iorubá, levando em consideração toda a interferência ocidental nas produções de conhecimento africanas sob histórico de dominação europeia naquele continente, investigando principalmente o contexto da pré-colonização na iorubalândia.
Narrativa e experiência
Authors: MOUSINHO Luiz Antonio
Published: June 2022

Trataremos de aspectos do longa-metragem Cão sem dono, dirigido por Beto Brant e Renato Ciasca, procurando analisar sua estruturação narrativa e relação com a série social, com especial atenção à representação das relações familiares. Buscaremos abordar a obra com base na narratologia, a partir, sobretudo, das categorias personagem, narrador e focalização. Pretendemos ainda dialogar, de maneira pontual, com aspectos da fortuna crítica jornalística da obra.
Selecting Teachers in Indonesia: Predicting Teacher Performance using Pre-Employment Information
Authors: Yusrina Asri , Bima Luhur , Berkhout Emilie , Suryadarma Daniel
Published: June 2022

A wave of teacher retirement in Indonesia provides an opportunity to replace them with better-performing teachers. We study whether teacher candidates' screening tests into Pendidikan Profesi Guru (PPG) or Teacher Professional Education, a postgraduate education programme in Indonesia, can predict their performance at the end of the programme and in an actual classroom situation at the beginning of their teaching career. Using administrative data of 1,291 primary school teacher candidates, we find that admission criteria, including undergraduate grade point average (GPA), online admission tests, and interview scores, can predict a candidate's performance on their knowledge and teaching practice exams at the end of their education programme. A one standard deviation higher online admission test score is associated with a 0.30 standard deviation higher score in the knowledge examination. Teacher candidates with a one standard deviation higher interview score perform 0.07 standard deviation better on the teaching practice examination. For teacher candidates with one standard deviation higher undergraduate GPA, their knowledge examination performance is 0.15–0.17 standard deviation higher on average, and their teaching practice exam score is 0.06-0.07 standard deviation higher on average. We then estimate the predictive ability of the admission criteria on student learning outcomes in numeracy and literacy, which uses 1,530 randomly sampled students taught by 114 teacher candidates. We find no evidence that the selection criteria predicted student learning in a meaningful way. Our results contribute to a nascent body of research on the selection of teachers using ex-ante criteria to identify effective teachers in developing countries.