bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maize catalases localized in peroxisomes support the replication of maize chlorotic mottle virus
Authors: Jiao Zhiyuan , Wang Juan , Tian Yiying , Wang Siyuan , Sun Xi , Li Siqi , Ma Wendi , Zhou Tao , Fan Zaifeng
Published: July 2021

Co-infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) with a virus in the Potyviridae family, such as sugarcane mosaic virus, usually leads to maize lethal necrosis (MLN). Over the past decade, MCMV/MLN has emerged in many countries/regions of the world and resulted in serious yield loss in maize production. Although partial functions of some MCMV-encoded proteins have been identified, the host factors related to MCMV replication are poorly understood. Here, we show that maize peroxisomes can form aggregated bodies in MCMV-infected leaf cells. The dsRNA binding-dependent fluorescence complementation assay indicated that the aggregated peroxisomes in maize served as the major replication site of MCMV. In addition, our results revealed that all the three maize catalases were present mostly in peroxisomes in the presence or absence of MCMV. Furthermore, we determined that inhibition of catalase activity or induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in maize protoplasts significantly reduced the accumulation of MCMV RNA. In summary, this research reveals the replication site of MCMV and an important role of maize catalases in supporting virus replication. Our results are conducive to understanding the pathogenesis of MCMV and identifying targets for resistance breeding or gene regulation strategies.
Seizure frequency and obstetric complications at advanced maternal age: a preliminary observational study in women with epilepsy
Authors: Gao Hui , Hao Nanya , Liu Shanrui , Zhou Dong
Published: July 2021

Background

Seizure control during pregnancy and obstetric outcomes are of important concerns for women with epilepsy (WWE) and their families. Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) shows a growing trend in the society with changes of lifestyle, which also occurs in diseased populations. The advanced maternal age is an independent factor for some unsatisfying obstetric outcomes. In this study we explored the seizure control and obstetric complications associated with advanced maternal age in WWE.

Methods

This study was based on the epilepsy pregnancy registry at West China Hospital. Patients with epilepsy in this registry who were aged 35 or older when starting pregnancy were included in this study. Their basic demographics and detailed information on epilepsy management and obstetric issues in all trimesters and during 1-year follow-up after birth were documented and reviewed. Data were processed by IBM SPSS version 22.0. The demographic characteristics, seizure frequency, treatment change, obstetric complications, and outcomes were analyzed and compared.

Results

Fifteen patients were included in this study, with an average age of 36.32 ± 2.39 years at pregnancy, and 73.33% of them were primiparas. The change of seizure frequency during pregnancy was not in a clear pattern, but there was an increased incidence of tonic-clonic seizures during the mid- and last trimesters. More than 20% of the patients had obstetric complications throughout the trimesters, including vaginal bleeding, hypothyroidism, and pre-eclampsia. The pre-eclampsia seemed extraordinarily complicated with other conditions. However, none of the complications were related with malformations or poor outcome of babies after 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion

Advanced maternal age combined with WWE is associated with frequent common obstetric complications. Future controlled studies with large sample sizes are needed to explore the related risks in comparison with other WWE and non-epileptic populations.
The link between broiler flock heterogeneity and cecal microbiome composition
Authors: Lundberg Randi , Scharch Christian , Sandvang Dorthe
Published: July 2021

Background

Despite low genetic variation of broilers and deployment of considerate management practices, there still exists considerable body weight (BW) heterogeneity within broiler flocks which adversely affects the commercial value. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the cecal microbiome in weight differences between animals. Understanding how the gut microbiome may contribute to flock heterogeneity helps to pave the road for identifying methods to improve flock uniformity and performance.

Results

Two hundred eighteen male broiler chicks were housed in the same pen, reared for 37 days, and at study end the 25 birds with highest BW (Big) and the 25 birds with lowest BW (Small) were selected for microbiome analysis. Cecal contents were analyzed by a hybrid metagenomic sequencing approach combining long and short read sequencing. We found that Big birds displayed higher microbial alpha diversity, higher microbiome uniformity (i.e. lower beta diversity within the group of Big birds), higher levels of SCFA-producing and health-associated bacterial taxa such as Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, Butyricicoccus and Christensenellales, and lower levels of Akkermansia muciniphila and Escherichia coli as compared to Small birds.

Conclusion

Cecal microbiome characteristics could be linked to the size of broiler chickens. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity and taxa abundances all seem to be directly associated with growth differences observed in an otherwise similar broiler flock.
Acute pulmonary embolism in a patient with hepatitis C virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Abdelnabi Mahmoud , Saleh Yehia , Almaghraby Abdallah , Tok Özge Özden , Abdelgawad Hoda , ElSamad Sherif Abd
Published: July 2021

Background

Cardiac metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma patients are infrequently encountered and usually associated with a very poor prognosis.

Case presentation

Hereby, we report a case of an acute pulmonary embolism (PE) on top of HCC with direct cardiac invasion to the right atrium (RA) through the inferior vena cava with another metastasis to the right ventricular apex in the form of highly mobile cauliflower mass protruding through the tricuspid valve into RA and nearly obliterating right ventricular outflow tract in a multi-centric hepatocellular carcinoma patient.

Conclusion

Acute dyspnea in a patient with a long history of hepatitis C virus infection raises the suspicion of acute PE due to either hypercoagulable state induced by malignancy or by cardiac extension of the tumor which usually carries high mortality rates. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first case in the literature to show cardiac metastases in HCC with two different pathological mechanisms.
Inhibition of NMDA receptors by agmatine is followed by GABA/glutamate balance in benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome
Authors: Rafi Hira , Rafiq Hamna , Farhan Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Background

Drug withdrawal syndrome occurs due to abrupt cessation of an addictive substance. Dependence to diazepam can be manifested by withdrawal syndrome which may include symptoms such as irritability, psychosis, sleep disturbance, seizures, mood disturbance, and anxiety. Studies have described the therapeutic role of agmatine in various neurological disorders such as depressive mood, learning deficits, anxiety, memory impairment, and psychosis. Various studies have also validated agmatine as a putant neuromodulator and revealed its mechanism of action with other neurotransmitters. The study was designed to reveal the potentials of agmatine in benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome by maintaining GABA/glutamate balance. The study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism of action of agmatine at synaptic level using behavioral and biochemical evaluations.

Results

Agmatine significantly enhanced locomotion in open filed test and decreased anxiety as observed in elevated plus maze test (p < 0.01). Agmatine also reduced withdrawal symptoms scores along with compulsive behaviors in marble burying test and improved muscular strength by decreasing latency to fall in inverted screen test (p < 0.01). Moreover, agmatine established GABA/glutamate balance by increasing GABA levels and decreased glutamate concentration significantly (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The present study reveals the possible mechanism of action of agmatine on NMDA receptor at GABA interneurons and glutamate post synaptic neuron that may lead to GABA/glutamate balance during withdrawal syndrome.
Pre-existing Thyroiditis Ameliorates Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Insights From a New Mouse Model
Authors: Pani Fabiana , Yasuda Yoshinori , Di Dalmazi Giulia , Chalan Paulina , Gabrielson Kathleen , Adamo Luigi , Sabini Elena , Mariotti Stefano , Caturegli Patrizio
Published: July 2021

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) often co-occurs with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, an association that has long been reported in clinical studies yet remains controversial. Some studies, in fact, have suggested a protective effect of thyroiditis while others have not. We generated a mouse model where PTC and thyroiditis develop in a predictable manner, combining the oncogenic drive of the BRAFv600E mutation (inducible by tamoxifen) to the thyroiditis susceptibility of the NOD.H2h4 strain (inducible by iodine). A total of 113 NOD.H2h4_TPO-CRE-ER_BRAFV600E mice (50 followed throughout lifetime and 63 sacrificed at 16 weeks post tamoxifen) were used to determine whether the PTC phenotype differs when thyroiditis precedes or coincides with the onset of PTC. Mice with pre-existing thyroiditis lived longer (median survival of 28.2 weeks post tamoxifen) than those with concomitant (25.6 weeks) or no (24.5 weeks) thyroiditis (P < 0.01 by Laplace regression). PTC developed less frequently (33%) in the pre-existing thyroiditis group than the concomitant (100%) or no (100%) thyroiditis groups (P < 0.001 by chi-squared) and showed less aggressive histopathological features. The intratumoral mononuclear cell infiltration was more prominent in mice with pre-existing thyroiditis (P = 0.002 vs the other groups) and sustained by a significant expansion of effector memory CD8 + T cells and CD19 + B cells. These findings shed light on the controversial PTC-thyroiditis association and emphasize the contribution of intratumoral T and B lymphocytes to the evolution of PTC.
High-frequency Multiphase 4DCT for the Detection of Parathyroid Adenomas: A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Raeymaeckers Steven , De Brucker Yannick , Tosi Maurizio , Buls Nico , De Mey Johan
Published: July 2021

4-Dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) for the detection of (an) enlarged parathyroid(s) is a commonly performed examination in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism. In our center, we introduced a high-frequency multiphase 4DCT protocol obtaining 16 phases, including 11 different arterial phases. Exposure to this multiphase 4DCT technique is similar to that for classic helical 4DCT. In this pictorial essay we reconstructed our multiphase 4DCT series in the manner of a classic helical 4DCT and compare both techniques. We illustrate how multiphase 4DCT may aid in the detection of parathyroid adenomas. We found 17 out of 19 lesions demonstrating a type A pattern of enhancement, therefore suggesting this pattern could be more prevalent than previously thought. Some parathyroid adenomas may be mistaken for enlarged lymph nodes using classic 4DCT whereas high-frequency multiphase 4DCT can detect a temporary rise in enhancement, thus suggesting the lesions in question to be of parathyroid origin. Smaller lesions may prove more obvious as the difference in enhancement between parathyroid and thyroid can become more prominent.

Key Point

Using high-frequency multiphase 4DCT an arterial phase with maximum enhancement of parathyroid tissue can be defined. This phase may aid in the detection of parathyroid adenomas.
The Relevance of Preoperative Identification of the Adamkiewicz Artery in Posterior Mediastinal Pediatric Tumors
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Hempel Johann-Martin , Ellerkamp Verena , Warmann Steven W. , Ernemann Ulrike , Fuchs Jörg
Published: July 2021

Background

Injury to the artery of Adamkiewicz (AKA) during surgery may lead to spinal cord ischemia and severe neurologic complications. Posterior mediastinal tumors may be adjacent to AKA, but data on preoperative visualization of AKA in children are rare. This study analyzed the importance of identifying the AKA preoperatively by spinal digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in children with posterior mediastinal tumors for therapeutic procedure.

Methods

Between 2002 and 2021, 36 children with posterior mediastinal tumors were evaluated for surgery at the authors’ clinic. In 10 children with left-sided or bilateral tumor located at vertebral levels T8 to L1, spinal DSA was performed during preoperative workup to assess AKA. The patient and tumor characteristics as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were analyzed.

Results

The median age of the 10 children at examination was 69 months (range, 16–217 months). Three of the children were younger than 2 years. The tumor entities were neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, local relapse of a hepatocellular carcinoma, and neurofibroma. The AKA was identified in all cases, and proximity to the tumor was detected in four patients, three of whom had their planned surgery changed to irradiation. No complications occurred during spinal DSA or surgery.

Conclusions

In posterior mediastinal pediatric tumors, spinal DSA is a safe and reliable method for preoperative visualization of the AKA. It can show proximity to the tumor and guide the local therapy, thereby avoiding critical intra- and postoperative situations.
Weighted empirical mode decomposition for processing GNSS position time series with the consideration of formal errors
Authors: Qiu Xiaomeng
Published: July 2021

Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is suitable to process the nonlinear and non-stationary time series for filtering noise out to extract the signals. The formal errors are provided along with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position time series, however, not being considered by the traditional EMD. In this contribution, we proposed a modified approach that called weighted Empirical Mode Decomposition (weighted EMD) to extract signals from GNSS position time series, by constructing the weight factors based on the formal errors. The position time series over the period from 2011 to 2018 of six permanent stations (SCBZ, SCJU, SCMN, HLFY, FJPT, SNXY) were analyzed by weighted EMD, as well as the traditional EMD. The results show that weighted EMD can extract more signals than traditional EMD from original GNSS position time series. Additionally, the fitting errors were reduced 14.52 %, 12.25 % and 8.06 % for North, East and Up components for weighted EMD relative to traditional EMD, respectively. Moreover, 100 simulations of four stations are further carried out to validate the performances of weighted EMD and traditional EMD. The mean Root Mean Squared Errors (RMSEs) are reduced from traditional EMD to weighted EMD with the reductions of 9.08 %, 9.63 % and 6.84 % for East, North and Up components, respectively, which highlights the necessity of considering the formal errors. Therefore, it reasonable to conclude that weighted EMD can extract the signals more than traditional EMD, which can be suggested to analyze GNSS position time series with formal errors.
Trente ans de médiatisation des violences sexistes et sexuelles
Authors: Lochon Annie
Published: July 2021

Depuis 30 ans, les médias français ont participé à la mise en lumière des violences sexuelles commises envers les enfants et les femmes, sur fond de discours sur l’insécurité. À partir d’un corpus de 2071 articles, publiés entre 1989 et 2019, issus de deux journaux français, l’article identifie les pics médiatiques et les évolutions des représentations sociales qui sont apparues. Parmi les violences sexuelles, celles commises par une personne inconnue de la victime avant les faits de violence sont davantage médiatisées, pendant la majorité des trente années étudiées, que celles relatant des faits d’inceste, ce à l’encontre des constats statistiques. C’est pourquoi la visibilisation de ces violences peut être qualifiée de paradoxale. Il faut attendre que la parole des femmes puisse s’exprimer directement sur les médias sociaux pour que le discours féministe trouve une place plus développée dans la dénonciation des violences sexistes et sexuelles, au moins pour l’un des deux quotidiens examinés.
PERAN ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DI LUAR PENGADILAN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Aritonang Agnes Grace
Published: July 2021

Hubungan antara lingkungan hidup dengan manusia merupakan satu kesatuan untuk mencapai keseimbangan alam semesta. Pembangunan berkelanjutan yang berwawasan lingkungan menjadi cerminan kemakmuran rakyat. Manusia didorong untuk mencapai kepuasan dan kemakmurannya melalui eksploitasi alam yang semena-mena dengan tindak mengindahkan kelestarian lingkungan hidup. Kasus pencemaran lingkungan hidup yang tidak kunjung usai membuktikan lemahnya aparat penegak hukum di Indonesia. Jalur penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan tidak lagi dipercayai oleh masyarakat akibat rumitnya birokrasi. Terhadap sengketa lingkungan yang tidak terselesaikan melalui jalur pengadilan, masyarakat diberikan pilihan melalui jalur non litigasi atau di luar pengadilan yang dapat ditempuh dengan mekanisme mediasi, konsiliasi, maupun arbitrase. Jalur non litigasi yang menghadirkan mekanisme informalitas seperti musyawarah mufakat guna mencapai suatu kesepakatan akhir, dinilai mampu menjadi solusi terbaik penyelesaian sengketa lingkungan hidup bagi masyarakat.
IMPLIKASI PENGGUNAAN KATA KONJUNGSI “DAN” SERTA “ATAU” DAN “MELAWAN HUKUM” DALAM PEMIDANAAN
Authors: Bahar Muhamad Ghifari Fardhana
Published: July 2021

Bahasa memiliki peran yang sangat vital dalam hukum, hal ini dikarenakan dalam pembentukan hukum diperlukan bahasa. Bahasa hukum memiliki karakteristik berupa pernyataan, memerintah, melarang, dan membolehkan. Dalam membaca bahasa hukum (undang-undang) perlu memaknainya sebaik mungkin. Tulisan ini menilik tentang cara merumuskan delik dan memaknai kata konjungsi dan, atau, serta melawan hukum dalam delik pidana. Maka, artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberi kejelasan fungsi kata dan, atau, serta melawan hukum agar tidak terjadi miskonsepsi gramatikal dalam membentuk perundang-undangan pidana kedepannya.  Konjungsi kata dan serta atau menimbulkan polemik tersendiri ketika memaknai delik pidana. Para sarjana hukum harus memperhatikan kata dan serta atau karena terkadang kata-kata tersebut memiliki makna dan fungsi yang berbeda. Selain itu, kata melawan hukum pun perlu diperhatikan karena dapat berimplikasi terhadap pembuktian di persidangan.
DISCLOSURE OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE-19 (COVID-19) PATIENT DATA: ETHICAL AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Budiyanti Rani Tiyas , Herlambang Penggalih Mahardika
Published: July 2021

The contact tracing policy strategy implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic requires data on COVID-19 patients to be accessible to the public so that people who have been in contact with the positive patient can do self-isolate. However, this is contrary to medical secrets and the confidentiality of COVID-19 patient data as a form of private law. This research is normative research with a statutory approach (statue approach) and conceptual (conceptual approach). Based on ethical and legal aspects, the confidentiality of COVID-19 patient data must be maintained. This data can be disclosed with the patient consent or disclosed to the Health Office to conduct epidemiological investigations. Suppose the contact investigation involves several parties: the neighborhood unit, the village head, Village Community Empowerment Service, police, and other parties. In that case, further regulation is needed to ensure the commitment of these parties in maintaining COVID-19 patient data. Disseminating patient data openly or publicly can make harm to the patient, especially in the not good environment with risk of stigmatization. There is also a need for harmony between existing regulations and the programs or policies implemented by the government.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN GURU DAN PENGELOLA SEKOLAH TENTANG PRAKTIK PENYELENGGARAAN MAKANAN SEHAT UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN SISTEM FULL-DAY SCHOOL DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Roziana Roziana - , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang: Praktik gizi seimbang diharapkan dapat mengurangi masalah gizi serta meningkatkan efektivitas belajar anak. Salah satu upaya memantau praktik makan anak adalah school feeding program.Tujuan: Untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai tingkat pengetahuan guru dan pengelola sekolah tentang pemberian makanan pada siswa full-day school di kota PekanbaruMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster sample dari 12 kecamatan, di setiap kecamatan diwakili dari 1 sekolah yang dipilih secara random dengan total sampel 85 yang terdiri dari guru dan pengelola sekolah. Variabel penelitian adalah pengetahuan guru dan pengelola sekolah tentang pemberian makan pada siswa full day school di kota Pekanbaru. Cara pengambilan data dengan pengisian kuesioner menggunakan google form.Hasil: Tingkat pengetahuan guru dan pengelola sekolah mengenai gizi seimbang sebanyak 45,9% memiliki pengetahuan baik dengan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 75,3. Sedangkan tingkat pengetahuan guru dan pengelola sekolah mengenai penyelenggaraan makanan di sekolah 49,4% memiliki pengetahuan sangat baik dengan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 81,5.Simpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan guru dan pengelola sekolah mengenai gizi seimbang sebanyak 45,9% memiliki pengetahuan baik dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata 75,3, sedangkan mengenai penyelenggaraan makanan di sekolah 49,4% memiliki pengetahuan sangat baik dengan nilai rata-rata 81,5.
FORMULASI IKAN LELE DAN BAYAM HIJAU TERHADAP NILAI GIZI, MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK, DAYA TERIMA RISOLES ROTI TAWAR SEBAGAI SNACK BALITA
Authors: Riestamala Eriske , Fajar Ibnu , Setyobudi Sugeng Iwan
Published: July 2021

Latar belakang: Balita merupakan kelompok rentan terhadap masalah gizi kurang atau gizi buruk, seperti stunting. Salah satu penanganan masalah gizi dengan karakteristik masalah gizi kronis yaitu dengan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan tinggi energi dan tinggi protein pada balita yang sesuai kebutuhan gizi berdasarkan AKG 2019 serta memanfaatkan pangan lokal seperti ikan lele dan bayam hijau.Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik dan daya terima dari risoles roti tawar ragout ikan lele dan bayam hijau sebagai salah satu alternatif pangan fungsional dalam bentuk PMT Pemulihan balita yang padat gizi.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan desain 2 taraf perlakuan yaitu proposi ikan lele dan bayam hijau masing-masing sebesar 80%:20% dan 75%:25%. Parameter penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap produk yaitu uji organoleptik (hedonik) pada 15 panelis, perlakuan terbaik, menghitung komposisi gizi secara empiris, mutu protein, penentuan takaran saji, dan daya terima pada 12 balita RW 06 kelurahan Merjosari Kota Malang. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan Microsoft Excel 2010.Hasil: Perlakuan terbaik dari penelitian ini adalah P2 (ikan lele 75%:bayam hijau 25%) memiliki kandungan zat gizi per 120 gram yaitu energi 300 Kkal , protein 14 gram, lemak 10 gram, karbohidrat 33 gram, Fe 2 mg, Zinc 1 mg, mutu cerna 97%, NPU 72%, PST 120%, PER 149%. Rata-rata uji organoleptik (warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur) pada tiap perlakuan yaitu 3 (suka) terhadap risoles roti tawar ragout ikan lele dan bayam hijau. Rata-rata daya terima balita terhadap produk yaitu 60,4%.Simpulan: Pemberian formulasi pada P2 sudah memenuhi kebutuhan snack balita (10% dari total kebutuhan energi) dan sudah sesuai dengan Petunjuk Teknis Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) 2018.
OBESITAS BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PRE MENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS) PADA MAHASISWI
Authors: Daniartama Bela , Murbawani Etisa Adi , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi , Syauqy Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang: Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) dapat menyebabkan masalah berupa gangguan fisik, kesehatan mental, dan gangguan fungsional dalam konteks sosial dan pekerjaan perempuan. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi PMS yaitu status gizi.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan status gizi dengan risiko dan tingkat intensitas PMS pada mahasiswi dengan beberapa pengukuran antropometri.Metode: Penelitian cross sectional yang melibatkan 77 mahasiswi Universitas Diponegoro. Pengukuran status gizi dilakukan dengan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), lingkar pinggang, lingkar panggul, rasio lingkar pinggang panggul, dan persen lemak tubuh. Shortened Premenstrual Assesment Form (sPAF) untuk mengukur intensitas gejala PMS. International Physical Activity Questionaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) untuk mengukur aktivitas fisik. Food recall 3×24 untuk mengukur rata-rata asupan. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square dan uji Regersi Logistik.Hasil: Obesitas dengan IMT ≥23 kg/m2 (OR 3,944; 95% CI 1,091-14,251; p<0,05), persen lemak tubuh ≥32% (OR 3,289; 95% CI 1,022-10,584; p<0,05), dan lingkar pinggang ≥80 cm (OR 4,696, 95% CI 1,201-18,360; p<0,05) dapat meningkatan risiko dan intensitas PMS.Simpulan: Peningkatan IMT, persen lemak tubuh, lingkar pinggang dapat meningkatkan risiko dan intensitas PMS.
PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI DAN KERAGAMAN KONSUMSI SUMBER VITAMIN A DAN ZAT BESI USIA 6-23 BULAN DI PROVINSI BENGKULU (ANALISIS DATA SDKI 2017)
Authors: Aryani Depri , Krisnasary Arie , Simanjuntak Betty Yosephin
Published: July 2021

Latar Balakang: Masa 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) merupakan masa paling kritis untuk memperbaiki perkembangan fisik dan kognitif anak. Usia hingga 6 bulan hanya diberikan ASI eksklusif saja. Aktivitas bayi setelah usia 6 bulan semakin banyak sehingga diperlukan makanan pendamping dari ASI guna memenuhi kebutuhan gizi untuk perkembangan dan pertumbuhan bayi. Waktu pemberian MP-ASI anak yang tepat adalah usia 6-24 bulan, pada usia tersebut pencernaan bayi mulai kuat.Tujuan: Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dengan konsumsi sumber vitamin A dan Fe usia 6-23 bulan di Provinsi Bengkulu.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017 yang dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 93 balita berusia 6-23 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data hasil pengumpulan SDKI 2017 dengan metode observasi kuesioner terhadap sampel anak usia 6-23 bulan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah chi-squar.eHasil: Anak usia 6-23 bulan yang diberikan MP-ASI sesuai dengan umur sebanyak 51,7%. Keragaman konsumsi sumber zat gizi mikro (vitamin A) tidak beragam 52,7%, dan sumber zat besi sebesar 79,8%. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian MPASI dengan konsumsi sumber zat gizi mikro (vitamin A) dan konsumsi sumber zat gizi mikro (Fe) usia 6-23 bulan di provinsi Bengkulu masing-masing p-value 1,000 dan 0.484.Simpulan: Pemberian MPASI masih belum sesuai umur dan berkontribusi terhadap keragaman konsumsi sumber zat gizi vitamin A dan Fe
EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC AND PREBIOTIC CONSUMPTION ON BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVEL IN THE ELDERLY IN POSYANDU MANISJANGAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Setyaji Diyan Yunanto , Setyani Fransisca Anjar Rina
Published: July 2021

Background: With advanced age, an increase in lipid profile is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies showed that the administration of probiotic and/or prebiotic are effective in improving lipid profiles. However, other studies have also shown that probiotic and prebiotic had insignificant effects on lipid profiles.Objectives: Determined the effects of probiotic and prebiotic on blood cholesterol level in the elderly.Methods: A total of 64 elderly who did not take cholesterol-lowering drugs enrolled in the quasi-experiment pretest-posttest design and were assigned to three interventions and control groups. The subjects in PRE-group consumed 100 grams of mung bean porridge per day; the subjects in PRO-group consumed 65 ml of fermented milk enriched with Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain per day; the subjects in PREPRO-group consumed 100 grams of mung bean porridge and 65 ml of fermented milk enriched with Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain per day. All intervention groups received treatment for 4 weeks. The control group did not receive any treatment during the study. Before and after treatment, cholesterol data was collected. Paired t-test, ANOVA, Post-hoc LSD were used for statistical analysis.Results There was an increase in cholesterol levels in PRE, PRO, PREPRO-groups (12.93 mg/dL; 48.37 mg/dL; and 7.62 mg/dL). Among the three intervention groups, only the consumption of probiotic was significant for changes in blood cholesterol levels (p 0.023). The administration of various interventions did not have a significant effect on changes in cholesterol levels (p 0.246) when compared to the control group.Conclusion: Prebiotic and probiotic do not lower blood cholesterol level in the elderly in Posyandu Manisjangan Yogyakarta.
Exogenous Intake of Fluorides in Caries Prevention: Benefits and Risks
Authors: Koberová Ivančaková Romana , Radochová Vladimíra , Kovácsová Flóra , Merglová Vlasta
Published: July 2021

Caries incidence and prevalence have decreased significantly over the last few decades due to widespread use of fluoride. However, an increase in the prevalence of dental fluorosis has been reported in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities. Care must be taken to ensure that a balance between the optimal fluoride preventive effect at the individual and community level and minimal risk of dental fluorosis is maintained. This review describes the main sources of fluoride intake that have been identified: fluoridated drinking water, dietary fluoride supplement, and topical forms comprising toothpastes, rinses, gels and varnishes. The cited data were taken from meta-analytic studies and reports from Cochrane database systematic reviews up to December 2019. Efficiency, but safety, of topically applied fluorides in individual home care is dependent on the degree of compliance of individuals/parents and on the level of competence of providers of preventive counselling. The broad spectrum of these resources allows individualization of fluoride prevention based on risk analysis of caries attack and taking into consideration other preventive measures.
Genotype Associations with the Different Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis in Children
Authors: Dytiatkovskyi Volodymyr , Drevytska Tetiana , Lapikova-Bryhinska Tetiana , Dosenko Victor , Abaturov Olexandr
Published: July 2021

This study deals with detecting the associations of atopic dermatitis’ (AD) phenotypes in children: alone or combined with seasonal allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (SARC) and/or perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and/or with bronchial asthma (BA) with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of filaggrin (FLG), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and orsomucoid-like-1 protein 3 (ORMDL3) genes. Male and female pediatric patients aged from 3 to 18 years old were recruited into the main (AD in different combinations with SARC, PAR, BA) and control groups (disorders of digestives system, neither clinical nor laboratory signs of atopy). Patients were genotyped for SNP of rs_7927894 FLG, rs_11466749 TSLP, rs_7216389 ORMDL3 variants. Statistically significant associations of the increased risk were detected of AD combined with SARC and/or PAR and AD combined with BA (possibly, SARC and/or PAR) with C/T rs_7927894 FLG and T/T rs_7216389 ORMDL3 genotypes. Genotype C/C rs_7927894 FLG significantly decreases the risk of AD combined with SARC and/or PAR by 2.56 fold. Several genotypes’ associations had a trend to significance: C/C rs_7216389 ORMDL3 decreases and C/T rs_7216389 ORMDL3 increases the risk for developing AD alone phenotype; A/G rs_11466749 TSLP decreases the risk of AD combined with BA (possibly, SARC and/or PAR) phenotype development.
Iatrogenic Fracture of the Lower Jaw: A Rare Complication of Lower Molar Extraction
Authors: Mottl Radovan , Kunderová Martina , Slezák Radovan , Schmidt Jan
Published: July 2021

Iatrogenic mandible fracture is a rare complication of a tooth extraction with an incidence between 0.0033–0.0034%. This study retrospectively analyzes a total of 8 patients who underwent lower molar extraction associated with mandible fracture during tooth removal in the period from April 2006 to March 2019. The assessed parameters were age and sex of patients, method of tooth extraction, side distribution of fracture, type of extracted tooth, the position of a lower third molar, presence of bone pathological lesion formed in connection with a tooth, displacement of bone fragments, and sensory impairment in the innervation area of the mental nerve. The position and impaction of the lower third molars were evaluated according to Pell and Gregory’s classification and Winter’s classification. One fracture was left-sided, and 7 fractures were right-sided. In 6 cases, Winter’s extraction elevator was used. In 7 patients, the mandible fracture was treated surgically by performing stable osteosynthesis with the plates and screws. One patient was treated conservatively. This work analyzes the causes of iatrogenic mandible fractures and provides recommendations to reduce the risk of their occurrence.
Rasch Validation of the LVQOL Scale
Authors: Mylona Ioanna , Aletras Vassilis , Ziakas Nikolaos , Tsinopoulos Ioannis
Published: July 2021

Aim: This study proceeds to rigorously examine and validate the Low Vision Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (LVQOL) on a Greek population of ophthalmic patients employing Rasch measurement techniques. Methods: It is a prospective observational study of 150 cataract patients and 150 patients with other ophthalmic diseases, all followed longitudinally for a period of two months pending surgical or other corrective therapy, after which they were administered the LVQOL for a second time. Results: The original 25-item LVQOL demonstrated high reliability and validity, excellent measurement precision and ordered response category thresholds. A small number of items carry an acceptable level of measurement error while three items had some differential functioning for gender, Age and underlying disorder that did not exceed the established thresholds. Conclusions: This validation study is the first to employ Rasch measurement to examine the validity of the LVQOL and it supports its use with no changes to the original structure. The LVQOL can be employed in a large range of ophthalmic diseases and reliably assess improvements in quality-of-life following phacoemulsification surgery or any other intervention.
Association of Tortuous Common Carotid Artery with Abnormal Distribution of the Ansa Cervicalis: A Case Report
Authors: Paraskevas George , Koutsouflianiotis Konstantinos , Chrysanthou Chrysanthos , Iliou Kalliopi , Syrmos Nikolaos , Salmas Marios
Published: July 2021

In the current study, we display a rare association of an aberrant innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle by the ansa cervicalis (AC) with a tortuous common carotid artery (TCCA). In specific, in a male cadaver we observed on the right side of the cervical region, a nerval branch of remarkable size originating from the most distal part of the AC’s superior root and after piercing the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle innervated the distal portion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Furthermore, we noticed a tortuous course of the initial part of the right common carotid artery. We discuss the surgical significance of the awareness of AC’s variations during neurotisation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in cases of its damage, as well as the importance of aberrant innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle by AC for the preservation of muscle’s functionality after accessory nerve’s damage. Furthermore, we highlight the fact, that the knowledge of the relatively uncommon variant, such as TCCA is crucial for the physician in order to proceed more effectively in differential diagnosis of a palpable mass of the anterior cervical region or deal with symptoms such as dyspnea, dysphagia or symptoms of cerebrovascular insufficiency.
Failure of Warfarin Anticoagulation Therapy after Administration of Oral Terbinafine
Authors: Štětkářová Ivana , Čupáková Jitka
Published: July 2021

Warfarin is widely used anticoagulant drug for a variety of diseases (thromboembolic disease, atrial fibrillation, etc.). It has three most important parallel metabolic pathways, CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. Terbinafine is a potent CYP2D6 inhibitor. A possible drug interaction could lead to an increased pharmacological effect of the above drugs. Enzyme induction with CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP1A2 inducers may have occurred. Case report: We present a case report of an 88-year-old male patient who has been successfully anticoagulated with warfarin due to atrial fibrillation. He was orally administered terbinafine to treat onychomycosis. Two weeks after initiation of this drug the patient experienced dizziness and feelings of instability, for which he was admitted to the neurology department. A low-efficient INR level was found at the baseline, presumably due to warfarin interaction with terbinafine. The induction of liver enzymes lasts 10–14 days, which matches the introduction of the antifungal agent. Conclusion: Combined therapy with warfarin and oral terbinafine is actually rarely prescribed but, if used, their interaction can have serious consequences in many clinical situations for which anticoagulation therapy with warfarin is indicated.
Digital student agency: Approaching agency in digital contexts from a critical perspective
Authors: Stenalt Maria Hvid
Published: July 2021

Developing student agency is a critical aspect of higher education and, in particular, digital education. In this sense, the capacity to understand what constitutes agency in digital contexts of education and evaluate students’ digital agency is now crucial. In contrast to traditional approaches to student agency in digital contexts that subsume technologies to educational intentions, media research has illustrated a more complex interplay between humans and technology. Drawing on this insight, the paper argues for a more critical disposition to digital student agency, wherein relational, cultural, and technological dynamics are central to agency. Specifically, the article proposes a framework for digital student agency that distinguishes five critical domains to student agency in digital contexts: (1) agentic possibility, (2) digital self-representation, (3) data uses, (4) digital sociality, and (5) digital temporality. The article concludes by outlining the implications of the framework for educational practice and academic research around student agency and student learning. Specifically, adopting the framework implies changes in how we investigate student agency in digital contexts and enables critical investigations of student-centred teaching practices.
A novel variant in the COL4A3 gene: etiology of Alport syndrome type 2 in a 38-year-old male with suspected hereditary kidney disease
Authors: Sienes Bailo Paula , Bancalero Flores José Luis , Lahoz Alonso Raquel , Santamaría González María , Gutiérrez Dalmau Alex , Álvarez de Andrés Sara , Izquierdo Álvarez Silvia
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Patients with Alport syndrome develop progressive kidney function deterioration, sensorineural hearing loss, and ocular abnormalities. This condition is caused by mutations in COL4A5 (X-linked inheritance), COL4A3 and COL4A4 (autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance), and encoding type IV collagen α3, α4, and α5, respectively. If left untreated, clinical symptoms progress from microscopic hematuria to proteinuria, progressive kidney failure, and end-stage kidney disease. At present, kidney transplantation is the only effective approach. Next-generation sequencing is the method of choice for the diagnosis of this condition.

Case presentation

We report the case of a young man with chronic kidney disease who eventually underwent transplantation. Molecular testing made it possible to determine the etiology of his clinical symptoms and autosomal recessive Alport syndrome type 2. The patient was found to be a compound heterozygote for two missense variants (trans configuration) in the COL4A3 gene: A likely pathogenic variant c.4981C>T (p.Arg1661Cys) in exon 52 inherited from the mother (described elsewhere), and another variant of uncertain significance, c.943G>A (p.Gly315Ser), in exon 17 inherited from the father that has not been previously reported in the literature or found in relevant databases.

Conclusions

Following genetic confirmation, genetic counseling was provided to the patient and his direct relatives.
The Role of Anti-Establishment Orientations During the Trump Presidency
Authors: Enders Adam M. , Uscinski Joseph E.
Published: July 2021

Growing levels of polarization and out-group hostility have become fashionable explanations for the caustic politics of the Trump presidency. However, partisan and ideological identities cannot explain popular attraction to Trump’s anti-elite and populist rhetoric, nor can polarization and sorting account for rising levels of mass identification as political independents. In light of these discrepancies, we offer an explanation for the Trump era unrelated to traditional left-right identities and ideologies: anti-establishment orientations. We argue that much of what is interpreted as an expression of partisan and ideological extremism or polarization is actually the product of a deep-seated antagonism toward the broader political establishment. We first exhibit the individual-level correlates of anti-establishment orientations, finding that people holding strong anti-establishment views exhibit relatively high levels of anti-social personality traits and distrust of others. We then show that anti-establishment orientations are more predictive than left-right orientations of beliefs in conspiracy theories regarding COVID-19, QAnon, and voter fraud. Most importantly, we demonstrate that, while anti-establishment orientations are positively related to support for Donald Trump, they are negatively related to support for Joe Biden and both major parties. In short, the toxicity emblematic of the Trump era—support for outsider candidates, belief in conspiracy theories, corrosive rhetoric, and violence—are derivative of antipathy towards the established political order, rather than a strict adherence to partisan and ideological dogma. We conclude that Trump’s most powerful and unique impact on American electoral politics is his activation, inflammation, and manipulation of preexisting anti-establishment orientations for partisan ends.
Compact rat-race ring coupler with modified T type capacitor loading
Authors: He Jun , Qi Shi-Kai
Published: July 2021

A compact rat-race ring coupler with modified T type capacitor loading is presented in this paper. Two variable parameters are added to the conventional T type capacitor loading structure, and adjusting these two parameters can control the position and width of harmonic suppression stop-band. The new coupler effective reduces the occupied area to 14.1% of the conventional one. The design is validated both by simulation and measurement.
Effects of periodic cavitation on steam–water flow regime transition and mixing near steam nozzle exit
Authors: Ullah Atta , Khan Afrasyab , Zwawi Mohammed , Algarni Mohammed , Felemban Bassem F. , Bahadar Ali
Published: July 2021

Supersonic steam injection from underwater vehicles into surrounding bulk water exhibits the formation of coherent structures due to the interfacial interaction between the steam and water. The mixing between the two is a function of the rate of growth of shear layer. In present work, experimental study is conducted with minor contribution from the CFD, to highlight the phenomena associated to the high-pressure steam injection into a pool of water under the influence of periodic cavitation which occurs near the steam's nozzle exit with its opening being at right angle to the opening of the exit nozzle. PIV setup along with piezoelectric acoustic emission sensors as well as LM35 temperature sensors and pitot tubes were applied to characterize the growth of the shear layer as a function of periodic cavitation with a range of steam's operating pressure. Based on the normalized shear growth rate as well as the Strouhal number and the normalized pitot thickness, the effect of rising in the cavitation on the variations of the thickness of the shear layer was studied. It was observed that higher area under the influence of the shear layer was due to the domination of the coherent flow structures, which influenced improved mixing between the steam and water. Comparison of our data with the available shear growth rate in literature shows good agreement when compared as a function of Mach number.
English and Spanish speakers’ interpretations of L2 Chinese applicative double object constructions
Authors: Huang Yuhsin , Yuan Boping
Published: July 2021

This article reports an empirical study investigating whether English and Spanish speakers can reconstruct thematic structures in their second language (L2) grammars of Chinese Double Object Constructions. Data collected from an acceptability judgement task and an animation matching task suggest that learners are able to reconstruct L2 grammars to accommodate new target properties. However, it is also found that learners have difficulty removing thematic relations transferred from their first language (L1), implying that adult L2 grammars might permanently deviate from grammars of native speakers. The difficulty is accounted for on the basis of Yuan's (2014) Dormant-Feature Hypothesis, which assumes Full Transfer and that if the input provides no evidence confirming or disconfirming the transferred property, the property will lose its vigour and become dormant. This dormant status leads to random behaviours in L2 judgements and interpretations. This is confirmed in this study, in which English speakers are found to transfer one interpretation of indirect objects from their L1 and Spanish speakers are found to transfer two interpretations from their L1 that are not instantiated in the target language Chinese. Due to the misleading evidence in the Chinese input that shares surface similarity with the transferred property, English speakers are hindered from restructuring their L2 grammars, and the transferred interpretation remains active. On the other hand, the absence of informative evidence in the Chinese input leaves the two transferred interpretations to a dormant status in Spanish speakers’ L2 Chinese grammars.
‚Klarheit‘ als kommunikatives Ideal
Authors: Seifert Jan
Published: July 2021

Die Neue Typographie – eine einflussreiche avantgardistische Stilrichtung innerhalb der Schriftgestaltung, deren Vertreter in den Zwanzigerjahren eine grundlegende Reform unter funktionalen Gesichtspunkten anstrebten und durchsetzten – ist bislang lediglich aus kunst- und kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Perspektive beschrieben worden. Die typographische Gestaltung ist jedoch ein genuin linguistischer Gegenstand, da sie semiotisches Potenzial besitzt und zur Konstitution von Textstrukturen und zur Lesemotivation beiträgt. Im Beitrag wird gezeigt, dass die Vertreter der Neuen Typographie programmatische Vorstellungen formuliert haben, die in einem weiteren Sinne auch die rhetorisch-sprachliche Gestaltung von Drucksachen betrafen. Es wird daher für einen interdisziplinären, linguistisch fundierten Zugang zur adäquaten Analyse der entsprechend gestalteten Druckerzeugnisse plädiert.