bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using a Trauma-Informed Approach to Address Burnout in Nursing: What an Organization Can Accomplish
Authors: Dawson-Rose Carol , Cuca Yvette , Kumar Shanil , Collins Angela
Published: June 2023

Burnout among nurses is prevalent and has worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is an approach that can bring healing to people and systems who have been impacted by trauma and traumatic events. Nurses working in hospitals experience vicarious trauma and secondary traumatic stress as they witness what their individual patients experience; however, nurses themselves experience traumatic events and that has only escalated with the current pandemic. Working from a model of Trauma-Informed Healthcare (TIHC) and SAMSHA foundations of a trauma-informed approach (TIA) we identify opportunities for organizations such as hospitals to integrate TIA towards altering the system to better provide for nursing staff who are suffering from burnout and exhaustion. We offer an exemplar of an organizational-level approach to supporting nursing staff through TIA.
La relation de service face à un « double bénéficiaire » : l’exemple du travail dans les EHPAD ?
Authors: Devetter François-Xavier , Dussuet Annie , Nirello Laura , Puissant Emmanuelle
Published: June 2023

La relation de service dans les métiers du « prendre soin » est complexe, notamment en raison de la dualité des bénéficiaires : le service s’adresse en effet d’abord aux personnes vulnérables mais également à leur entourage. Cet article vise à questionner, à partir du rôle des « familles » dans les EHPAD, leur impact sur les conditions de travail des intervenantes et les conditions à mettre en place pour que la coopération puisse exister entre proches et professionnelles.
Winning post strategies that generate engagement: A QCA approach
Authors: Berbegal-Mirabent Jasmina , Caballero Xènia
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Fashion companies are using an increasing amount of resources to generate social media content to provoke an impact and engage customers. A wrong message or image – but also an inaccurate combination of the different elements that characterise a post – can jeopardise brand reputation. The way brands communicate with potential customers is of utmost importance as it creates its online identity and presence, and this is ultimately linked to customer loyalty. Given that a post contains different elements (e.g., image, people, background) this study seeks to explore which combination(s) of elements should brands take into account to generate superior user engagement with their posts.Design/methodology/approach: After conducting a comprehensive literature review on social media marketing a set of critical factors that relate to content engagement are envisioned. Next, drawing on complexity and configuration theories, we perform fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to identify different strategies (i.e., combinations of critical factors) companies might follow to engage with customers successfully. The empirical application focuses on the Instagram activity of a retail clothing company.Findings: The findings reveal that posts conducive to superior engagement should: (i) be simple, product-related or experience-related, (ii) use few but meaningful hashtags that are representative of the brand, (iii) show people’s faces, and (iv) send an inclusive message.Practical implications: This study sheds new light on how brands should communicate on social media networks to generate improved impact for their posts.Originality/value: This study goes beyond traditional approaches that overlook the joint effect of the different strategic design choices (i.e., combination of critical factors) for posts on the outcomes of interest (in our case, number of likes, comments and views).
Group codes over symmetric groups
Authors: Gao Yanyan , Wei Yangjiang
Published: June 2023

Let $ \Bbb F_{q} $ be a finite field of characteristic $ q $ and $ S_n $ a symmetric group of order $ n! $. In this paper, group codes in the symmetric group algebras $ \Bbb F_{q}S_n $ with $ q > 3 $ and $ n = 3, 4 $ are proposed. We compute the unique (linear and nonlinear) idempotents of $ \Bbb F_q S_n $ corresponding to the characters of symmetric groups and use the results to characterize the minimum distances and dimensions of group codes. Furthermore, we construct MDS group codes and almost MDS group codes in $ \Bbb F_q S_3 $ and $ \Bbb F_q S_4 $.
Load distribution in flat reciprocal structures
Authors: Gonzalo Calderón Laura , Aira Zunzunegui José Ramón
Published: June 2023

The elements in conventional structures are perfectly ranked, so that load transmission is logical and follows the usual structural orders. Nevertheless, in reciprocal structures each element has to support all of the others in a less intuitive pattern of load transmission. The purpose of this paper is to understand exactly how load is transmitted between elements, quantifying this analytically by developing a new method which is applicable to a flat structure composed of a basic unit with any number of nexors. It is based on determining the increase in load to which the members in a reciprocal structure are subjected by calculating the coefficient k, or “transference coefficient”. The k coefficient value, and therefore the load transferred between members, falls with the number of nexors, with the proximity of point loads to exterior supports, and with the size of the central space in the structure.
Dietmar Daths Reflexionen über Literatur, besonders Science-Fiction
Authors: Esselborn Hans
Published: June 2023

Dietmar Dath ist ein intellektueller und an Erkenntnis orientierter Autor, der vielfach über sein eigenes Scheiben nachgedacht hat. In diesem Aufsatz soll mit sprechenden Zitaten, besonders aus seiner Niegeschichte, Stehsatz und dem programmatischen Roman Feldeváye. Roman der letzten Künste, seine Ansicht von der Literatur und seinem speziellen Genre, der Science-Fiction, rekonstruiert und erhellt werden. Ich werde zunächst Merkmale erörtern, welche Dath der Literatur überhaupt zuweist und die dem Autor für sein eigenes Schreiben wichtig sind, dann solche, die die Fantastik und speziell die Science-Fiction betreffen; danach seine „Schreiblehre“ kurz ansprechen und am Schluss daraus Folgerungen für die Einordnung des Autors ziehen. Es ergibt sich, dass Dath ein reflektierender, philosophischer und an der Wissenschaft orientierter Autor der Science-Fiction ist im Gegensatz zu denen, die vor allem an Unterhaltung, Spannung, Abenteuern und Aktionen interessiert sind. Er gehört deshalb in die Linie des deutschen Zukunftsromans, der mit Kurd Laßwitz begann und z.B. mit Alfred Döblin, Ernst Jünger, Arno Schmidt und Herbert W. Franke fortgesetzt wurde.
De « l’impuissance nerveuse » à « l’impuissance psychique »
Authors: Walin Marie
Published: June 2023

Cet article explore des diagnostics établis entre les années 1840 et 1910 par des médecins espagnols, attribuant une impuissance sexuelle masculine à des problèmes qualifiés de « moraux » ou « nerveux ». Il est fondé sur l’étude de trente-six causes de nullité de mariage pour impuissance sexuelle, instruites par les tribunaux diocésains de Madrid et de Saragosse ; de vingt-deux articles portant sur l’impuissance sexuelle publiés dans les deux principales revues médicales espagnoles ; ainsi que sur un corpus de dictionnaires et d’essais médicaux traitant de la santé sexuelle. L’objectif est de montrer comment ces causes non physiques étaient intégrées dans des schémas de pensée rationnels mettant en jeu les savoirs de l’époque sur le cerveau et le système nerveux. L’article montre que, malgré la prégnance de croyances qui attribuent « l’affaiblissement nerveux » à des pratiques sexuelles répréhensibles, la fin du xixe siècle voit l’émergence d’une approche psychologique des troubles de l’érection.
Troubles dans la masculinité
Authors: Le Bras Anatole
Published: June 2023

Cet article examine les liens entre folie, internement et masculinités dans la seconde moitié du xixe siècle en se fondant sur les archives de trois asiles d’aliénés situés à Quimper, Morlaix et Ville-Évrard. Allant à l’encontre de l’idée répandue d’un surenfermement asilaire des femmes au xixe siècle, il commence par mettre en évidence la nette surreprésentation des hommes dans les statistiques d’admission. L’article examine ensuite les spécificités de la folie masculine, et montre la place centrale qu’y occupent l’alcoolisme et les comportements violents. Ainsi, loin d’être associée à une forme d’effémination ou de démasculinisation, l’aliénation mentale a bien plus souvent à voir avec une forme d’exagération ou d’exacerbation pathologique de la virilité. En régulant ainsi ses excès, l’internement asilaire a pu contribuer à l’avènement d’une masculinité « apaisée » (Anne-Marie Sohn).
Tra folli e degenerati
Authors: Zecca Nemola Chiara
Published: June 2023

L’article analyse les raisons qui ont amené la psychiatrie au centre du débat médical et politique dans les milieux militaires italiens à la fin du xixe siècle. Une attention particulière a été accordée à la catégorie nosologique de la folie morale, dans le but de montrer le rôle joué par la médecine militaire dans la construction d’une définition de la masculinité normée. Pour appréhender l’adhésion de la psychiatrie à une représentation polarisée de l’identité sexuelle, on a eu recours à des sources écrites par deux des premiers aliénistes de l’époque, Pietro Brancaleone-Ribaudo et Filippo Saporito. Pour ce qui est de Brancaleone-Ribaudo, nous avons examiné les méthodes anamnestiques qu’il présente dans son essai pionnier Studio antropologico del militare delinquente (Étude anthropologique du soldat délinquant, 1894). En ce qui concerne Saporito, nous avons analysé certains de ses diagnostics effectués sur des soldats enfermés dans le secteur pénitentiaire de l’hôpital psychiatrique d’Aversa, dont il est question dans son essai Sulla delinquenza e sulla pazzia dei militari (Sur la délinquance et la folie des soldats), paru en 1903.
Succès et déclin d’un agent thérapeutique : la sangsue
Authors: Sueur Nicolas
Published: June 2023

Le propos de cet article est de s’interroger sur ce qui contribue au succès de certains remèdes à un moment donné. Les sangsues constituent à cet égard un exemple intéressant. Elles suscitent en effet un véritable engouement du public dans la première moitié du xixe siècle. Pour certains historiens, ce succès tient au manque de chirurgiens pour pratiquer la saignée et au succès des théories de François Broussais. Sans nier ces deux éléments, nous montrons que l’usage de la sangsue témoigne aussi de la persistance des théories humorales et du maintien de la saignée. Néanmoins, le recours massif aux sangsues s’explique par les doutes qui gagnent certains médecins quant aux vertus des saignées générales. Appliquées à certains endroits, elles présentent aussi l’avantage d’être faciles d’utilisation. Enfin, il ne faut pas négliger le rôle des malades, qui craignent moins les sangsues que la saignée générale. Cette demande de sangsues stimule le secteur de l’hirudoculture et suscite l’intérêt de l’État. En résumé, la sangsue apparaît comme un « remède de transition » qui accompagne le lent déclin de la saignée et de la médecine des humeurs.
Dire les traumas de la deuxième génération : le film d’animation “Les secrets de mon père”
Authors: Graceffa Agnès
Published: June 2023

FILM D’ANIMATION : Comment grandir avec un père rescapé des camps ? C’est la douloureuse question qu’illustre avec finesse le dessin animé très touchant, Les Secrets de mon père, sorti en salle en septembre 2022, et dont le scénario s’inspire très librement du roman graphique de Michel Kichka Deuxième génération. Ce que je n’ai pas dit à mon père (Dargaud, 2012), fils du survivant des camps Henri Kichka.
“Les anges d’Auschwitz” Stephen Desberg – Emilio van der Zuiden
Authors: Crahay Frédéric
Published: June 2023

BD : Hiver 1929. La vie s’écoule paisiblement dans une ville polonaise semblable à Lodz ou Varsovie. Un gamin regarde tomber la neige ; il prie les anges de lui ramener son père, qu’il aimerait tant serrer à nouveau dans ses bras. Son vœu est exaucé, car son père revient le lendemain. À partir de cet instant, ce jeune garçon de huit ans est certain que les anges vivent parmi nous… Cette famille heureuse est loin de se douter que cette quiétude ne durera plus longtemps. En 1939, l’Allemagne envahit la Pologne, et la Seconde Guerre mondiale éclate. Les Juifs sont conduits dans le ghetto, première étape avant les camps. Dans ce nouveau monde d’effroi, l’horreur porte à présent un nom : Auschwitz. Comment survivre face à la barbarie, à l’indicible, au pire… En priant les anges ?
Survivre, Témoigner, Transmettre : Parcours et récits de femmes survivantes de la Shoah en Grèce
Authors: Varon-Vassard Odette
Published: June 2023

Dans le corpus des témoignages de Juifs grecs, on compte sur les doigts d’une main les femmes qui ont réussi à casser leur silence. Odette Varon-Vassard s'intéresse dans cet article aux témoignages de Lisa Mano-Pinhas, de Berry Cassouto-Nahmias, d'Erika Kounio-Amariglio, et de Nata Osmo-Gattegno.
Eos Promotes TH2 Differentiation by Interacting with and Propagating the Activity of STAT5
Authors: Tuazon Jasmine A , Read Kaitlin A , Sreekumar Bharath K , Roettger Jack E , Yaeger Michael J , Varikuti Sanjay , Pokhrel Srijana , Jones Devin M , Warren Robert T , Powell Michael D , Rasheed Mustafa N , Duncan Elizabeth G , Childs Lauren M , Gowdy Kymberly M , Oestreich Kenneth J
Published: June 2023

The Ikaros zinc-finger transcription factor Eos has largely been associated with sustaining the immunosuppressive functions of regulatory T cells. Paradoxically, Eos has more recently been implicated in promoting proinflammatory responses in the dysregulated setting of autoimmunity. However, the precise role of Eos in regulating the differentiation and function of effector CD4+ T cell subsets remains unclear. In this study, we find that Eos is a positive regulator of the differentiation of murine CD4+ TH2 cells, an effector population that has been implicated in both immunity against helminthic parasites and the induction of allergic asthma. Using murine in vitro TH2 polarization and an in vivo house dust mite asthma model, we find that EosKO T cells exhibit reduced expression of key TH2 transcription factors, effector cytokines, and cytokine receptors. Mechanistically, we find that the IL-2/STAT5 axis and its downstream TH2 gene targets are one of the most significantly downregulated pathways in Eos-deficient cells. Consistent with these observations, we find that Eos forms, to our knowledge, a novel complex with and supports the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5. Collectively, these data define a regulatory mechanism whereby Eos propagates STAT5 activity to facilitate TH2 cell differentiation.
Understanding UAS Operator and Aviation Authority Challenges with the SORA Process for UAS Operational Approval in DACH Nations
Authors:   Technical University of Munich, Banas Jacquelyn ,   UAV DACH Certification and Standards Working Group, Vyshnevskyy Matthias ,   Dronsolut, Wagner Rene , Holzapfel Florian , Hofling Joschka
Published: June 2023

The new SORA process for authorization of unmanned flight operations has quickly become an important method and major challenge for UAS operations in and around Europe, particularly in the German-speaking DACH nations. Under the SORA process, UAS operators often experience significantly higher application workloads, costs, and time until authorization. Through a targeted set of industry outreach and data gathering initiatives, the UAV DACH SORA Focus Group sought to understand the challenges faced on all sides of the SORA process. Findings show that SORA applicants are typically very small groups with diverse experience levels, missions, and aircraft - often not from aircraft safety/certification backgrounds. On average, DACH applicants needed nearly six months for full UAS operational approval, and this long time was rated as the most painful element in the SORA process. UAS operators overall support the methodology and vision of the SORA process. With increased clarity in rules and expectations, standardization across regions, availability of aids and training materials, and additional PDRAs and STSs, the SORA process could run much more efficiently and better support the growing complexity of DACH-region UAS operations.
Launch and Recovery of Traditional VTOL UAVs by Quiescent Period Prediction (QPP), the development of QPP for All Weather Operations (AWOPS)
Authors:   Royal Navy, Taylor Robert ,   USN, Kish John ,   University of Exeter, Belmont M.R. , Christmas J.T.
Published: June 2023

For most of the traditional VTOL UASs, the precise measurement of these environmental data is essential for air vehicle safe launch and recovery events. Physics limits the speed by which the deck can be raised from rest to a dangerous position. It is helpful to identify the quieter, more quiescent periods in deck motion. However, the time needed to set-up and land UASs are often longer than these quiescent windows may persist, assuming a quiescent window can be identified in the first place. Without precise measurement of deck motion or sufficient advanced notice of the onset of quieter motions, cycle after cycle of ship's motions whilst the vehicle attempts stabilize for recovery. The aim of Quiescent Period Prediction (QPP) is to provide ship motion conditions and motion predictions with sufficient forecasted time (over a minute) to launch, recover and complete other motion sensitive tasks regardless of the seaway. The fundamental concept is to measure remote sea surface profiles to predict the future wave forces acting upon a vessel. QPP operates within a federated architecture system containing measurement instruments such as a Wave Radar system used to map remote sea surfaces several hundred meters in advance of the ship. This enables the computation of future wave forces acting on the vessel.This article describes the development of the QPP System concentrating on test procedures, timely seaway mapping and ship motion characteristics to complete specific motion sensitive task. The objective is to expand ship operating deck limits to approximately Sea State 6+.
Test and Evaluation of Image-Based Navigation for Shipboard Landing on the MQ-8C Fire Scout Unmanned Aircraft System
Authors:   US Navy, Duehring Doug ,   Scientific System Company Inc., Gandhe Avinash , Egan Brendan
Published: June 2023

From August 2022 to January 2023, Air Test and Evaluation Squadron Two Four (UX-24), the U.S. Navy's UAS test squadron, conducted ground and flight tests of the Image-Based Navigation for Shipboard Landing (INAV-SL) system on the MQ-8C Fire Scout UAS. The three-camera INAV-SL system was designed to optically detect standard flight deck markings and calculate relative position and orientation of the MQ-8C. The INAV-SL system was configured to collect data for comparison to the current landing system. No commands were input into the air vehicle's control feedback loop. A variety of approaches were conducted to fixed flight deck markings on an airfield taxiway and to the USS Jackson, an Independence class Littoral Combat Ship based out of San Diego, CA. The system demonstrated the ability to optically acquire and track the flight deck during approach and landing phases of flight with typical error of less than 2 ft.
Exploration of Feature-Based Algorithm for Autonomous Ship-Deck Landing under Visually Degraded Conditions
Authors:   University of Maryland, Britcher Victoria , Shastry Abhishek , Chopra Inderjit
Published: June 2023

The objective of this paper is to experimentally validate our 2D, feature-based vision algorithm for tracking stochastic ship deck motion. Two main advancements are described in this work. First, the feature-based algorithm is computationally intensive and therefore requires a larger, more powerful flight computer to run in real-time. To accommodate this computer, a larger quadrotor UAV is developed. Second, the new quadrotor with the upgraded flight computer is used to experimentally evaluate the performance of the feature-based algorithm for estimating stochastic ship-deck motion generated by a Stewart platform. Additional open-loop tests were conducted, with the quadrotor held by hand above the landing pad, to analyze performance under visually degraded conditions. The results were validated against Vicon ground-truth data. From these results, it was found that the algorithm can accurately estimate the pose of the stochastically moving ship-deck under ideal visual conditions. However, in visually degraded conditions, the performance of the algorithm worsens, and provides unsatisfactory results under significant occlusion. A small time lag is also present in the pose estimation, due to the large computational time of the algorithm.
Recurrence Rate of High-altitude Pulmonary Edema in Lowlanders Inducted Temporarily to High-altitude Areas
Authors: Pandey I. M. , Choudhary Robin , Vasan Amit Singh , Chopra Manu , Sharma Anmol
Published: June 2023

Background:

Some section of the Indian population resides in high-altitude areas of the mighty Himalayas. In addition to the residents who inhabit mountainous areas, there is also a group of lowlanders who occasionally visit these regions temporarily for work-related purposes or vacations. These individuals are prone to high-altitude illnesses, including acute mountain sickness and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). This cohort study was undertaken, among acclimatized and nonacclimatized lowlanders based on 3 years of data at a tertiary care hospital, to study the recurrence rate of HAPE in lowlanders.

Materials and Methods:

The inception cohort consisted of consecutive cases of HAPE among lowlanders, temporarily posted to these high-altitude regions, over 3 years. This cohort was followed up for at least 1 year. The recurrence rate of HAPE in terms of incidence density in person-months and cumulative incidence was calculated, and variables, including clinical features, altitudes at which the symptoms occurred, mode of induction to the high-altitude area, and time of onset of HAPE episodes postinduction altitudes, were studied.

Results:

The study revealed the recurrence of HAPE as an incidence density of 88.7 per 1000 person-months (95% confidence limit 66.1–115.9 per 1000 person-months). The cumulative incidence was 125 per 1000, over an average follow-up of 22.54 months (95% confidence limit 26–323 per 1000). The study revealed that the recurrence was found to occur at similar altitudes as the previous episode even after following strict acclimatization protocols and slow induction to the high-altitude area by road route with the onset of symptoms within 72 h of entry into the high-altitude area.

Conclusion:

This study brought out that there is a risk of recurrence of HAPE in lowlanders temporarily inducted to high-altitude areas, with previous episodes of HAPE at similar altitudes as previous episodes, even when acclimatization protocols are followed.
Deep fascia iliaca block combined with sacral plexus block for hip fracture surgery: A retrospective series of cases
Authors: Almeida Carlos R.
Published: June 2023

This case series describes a novel anaesthetic approach for hip fracture surgery using the deep fascia iliaca block combined with the sacral plexus block. This single-centre, retrospective study involved 15 patients aged 85 years or older and having significant cardiac disease. All the patients were managed with single-shot deep fascia iliaca block (22 or 25 ml of ropivacaine 0.5%) and sacral plexus block (12 or 15 ml of ropivacaine 0.5%, according to the patients’ weight) after the administration of 50 μg of fentanyl intravenously. Intraoperatively, the patients were also administered light-to-moderate sedation. All patients presented a successful sensory block and a high level of haemodynamic stability (nil vasopressor consumption). In hip fracture surgery, low volume deep fascia iliaca block may be combined with sacral plexus block as primary anaesthetic technque, without any neuraxial technique or sympathetic blockade.
Epidural catheter migration in non-obstetric adult surgical patients: A prospective, observational, cohort study
Authors: Jose Riya , Greenlin Latha , Isac Divya , Yadav Bijesh , Joselyn Anita Shirley
Published: June 2023

Background and Aims:

Epidural catheter migration is a well-described complication in the obstetric population, though its significance in the non-obstetric surgical population is not known. The purpose of this study was to explore the incidence of epidural catheter migration in a non-obstetric adult surgical cohort, assess the factors associated with migration and analyse complications among patients with and without catheter migration.

Methods:

In this single-centre, prospective, observational study, the acute pain services team collected data over 12 months on consecutive, adult non-obstetric surgical patients who received an epidural catheter for postoperative pain management. Details of epidural catheter insertion, fixation, migration and complications were collected from the first to the fourth postoperative day.

Results:

Of the 510 patients recruited, epidural catheter migration was noted in 233 patients (45.7%), of which 152 (65.2%) migrated outwards and the rest migrated inwards. Also, 72 (30.9%) and 86 (31.05%) complications were noted in the groups with and without catheter migration, respectively. The most frequent complications noted were inadequate analgesia, unilateral sensory block, motor block and hypotension in both groups. We did not find any correlation between the frequency of epidural catheter migration and demographic factors.

Conclusions:

Epidural catheter migration is a sizeable postoperative occurrence in non-obstetric surgical patients. Factors that might play a role in catheter migration could not be established in this study. There is an almost similar frequency of complications noted among patients with and without catheter migration, with the most common being inadequate analgesia in both groups.
Refractive profile of children treated with intravitreal bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Pawar Neelam , Somyashree D , Meenakshi R , Maheshwari Devendra , Mohideen Syed , Uduman Mohammed Sithiq
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To study the refractive profile of children after they received intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods:

The study was conducted at a tertiary eye care hospital in South India. ROP patients of more than 1 year of age, presenting to the Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic and Retina Clinic and having history of treatment for type I ROP with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) or intravitreal bevacizumab and laser photocoagulation were included in the study. Cycloplegic refraction was done, and the refractive status was evaluated. The refractive status of age-matched, full-term children with uneventful perinatal and neonatal history was also recorded and compared to the study group.

Results:

Among 134 eyes of 67 study subjects, the major refractive error was myopia in 93 eyes (69.4%; spherical equivalent [SE] = −2.89 ± 3.1, range = −11.5 to −0.5 D). There were 75 eyes (56%) with low-to-moderate myopia; high myopia was seen in 13.4%, emmetropia in 18.7%, and hypermetropia in 11.9% of eyes. The majority of them (87%) had with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism. In 134 eyes, the SE was −1.78 ± 3.2 (range = −11.5 to 4 D); the SE of the 75 eyes with low-to-moderate myopia was −1.53 ± 1.2 (range = −0.50 to −5 D). In the control group, the majority had emmetropia (91.8%). There was no significant association between the age at which IVB had been injected and the development of refractive errors (P = 0.078). The prevalence of low-to-moderate myopia was more than high myopia in patients with zone I and zone II ROP before treatment (60.0% and 54.5%, respectively).

Conclusion:

Myopia was the major refractive error seen in post-IVB pediatric patients. WTR astigmatism was more commonly seen. The age at which IVB injection had been given had no effect on the development of refractive errors.
Impact of a formal manual small-incision cataract surgery curriculum in an American ophthalmology residency program
Authors: Ifantides Cristos , SooHoo Jeffrey R , Christopher Karen L
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Global ophthalmology educational activities often include the ability of ophthalmology residents to partake in low-resource clinical care at home and abroad. Low-resource surgical techniques have become a pillar of education during formalized global ophthalmology fellowships. A formal manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) curriculum was started in the University of Colorado’s residency training program to meet the growing demand for this surgical skill and to allow for more sustainable outreach work from our graduates. The survey was conducted to collect evaluations on the value of formal MSICS training within a United States–based residency program.

Methods:

This was a survey study in a US ophthalmology residency program. A formal MSICS curriculum was created that included didactic lectures on epidemiology of global blindness, MSICS technique, and how MISCS compared to phacoemulsification in terms of cost and sustainability in low-resource settings, followed by a formal wet lab experience. Residents were then exposed to MSICS procedures in the operating room (OR) under supervision of an experienced MSICS surgeon. An anonymous online survey was conducted on three consecutive cohorts of recently graduated senior ophthalmology residents from 2019 to 2021 with the aim of eliciting opinions about and outcomes from the new curriculum.

Results:

Fifteen graduating senior residents comprised the three cohorts with a 100% survey response rate. All residents agreed or strongly agreed that “MSICS is a valuable skill to have”. Eighty percent of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that “exposure to MSICS has increased my likelihood of doing any type of outreach work in the future” and 86.67% agreed or strongly agreed that “exposure to MSICS increased my understanding about sustainable outreach work”. The average number of cases assisted or performed per resident was 8.2 (SD 2.7, range 4–12).

Conclusion:

A formal MSICS curriculum for US-based ophthalmology residents was well-received by the trainees. The majority felt it increased their likelihood of pursuing and improved their understanding of sustainable outreach work. The curriculum, which included lectures, wet lab training, and formal teaching in the OR, could add value to a residency program’s curriculum. Furthermore, a formal domestic program can avoid ethical pitfalls that can be seen with resident teaching during international mission work.
Correlation between different retinal layers with visual acuity in diabetic retinopathy patients with clinically significant macular edema
Authors: Parveen Shama , Mishra Deepak , Gurnani Bharat , Kaur Kirandeep , Ziada Hossameldin A , Srivastav Tanmay , Bhushan Prashant
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To study the corelation between outer retinal layer thickness (ORL), outer photoreceptor segment thickness (PROS), and central macular thickness (CMT) with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients having clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and compare these parameters with normal patients.

Methods:

This was a prospective, nonrandomized, observational, comparative study done during the period of January to May 2019. The study included 60 eyes of 36 patients. The patient population was segregated into two Groups: Group I (30 normal eyes of 15 normal patients) and Group II (30 eyes of 21 diabetic patients) with CSME. The comparison between ORL, PROS, and CMT was made between both the groups, and the correlation between ORL thickness, PROS thickness, and CMT with BCVA in Group II was studied.

Results:

The mean age in Group I was 52.6+10.66 years, and 53.42+8.15 years in Group II. The male/female ratio was 1.1:1 in Group I and 4:3 in Group II. The mean CMT was greater in Group II (330.13 ± 37.01) than in Group I (222.20 ± 12.30). The mean ORL thickness was greater in Group I (97.73 ± 6.92) than in Group II (80.63 ± 9.03). The PROS thickness was statistically significant in Group I (35.05 ± 3.4) than in Group II (28.57 ± 3.53). There was a strong correlation between BCVA and ORL thickness (r = −0.580, P < 0.001) and more strong correlation between BCVA and PROS thickness in Group II (r = −0.611, P < 0.000). There was a moderate correlation between BCVA and CMT (r = 0.410, P < 0.025), and all results were statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Both ORL and PROS thickness were greater in healthy normal eyes than in eyes with CSME. BCVA was strongly correlated with PROS and ORL thickness and moderately associated with CMT.
Chop and tumble nucleotomy – A technique for safe nuclear emulsification in posterior polar cataract
Authors: Titiyal Jeewan S , Kaur Manpreet , Nair Sridevi
Published: June 2023

A modified phaco chop technique for nuclear emulsification in posterior polar cataracts with nuclear sclerosis that avoids hydrodissection or nuclear rotation has been described. After performing a vertical chop maneuver to divide the nucleus, two pie-shaped nuclear fragments are removed from either side of the initial chop. The remaining nuclear fragments are then sequentially tumbled toward the center using the second instrument and emulsified while maintaining an intact epinuclear shell, which safeguards the fragile posterior capsule. The technique was successfully performed in 62 eyes of 54 patients with posterior polar cataract and grade II–IV nuclear sclerosis. The Chop and Tumble nucleotomy is a safe and effective technique for phacoemulsification in posterior polar cataracts with nuclear sclerosis, where hydrodissection and nuclear rotation are typically avoided.
Compliance with follow-up in patients with diabetic macular edema: Eye care center vs. diabetes care center
Authors: Kumar Geetha , Velu Saranya , Rajalakshmi Ramachandran , Surya Janani , Mohan Viswanathan , Raman Aayushi , Raman Rajiv
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The study was conducted to compare the compliance to intravitreal injection treatment and follow-up in patients with center-involving diabetic macular edema (CI-DME) and treatment outcomes between a tertiary eye care facility and a tertiary diabetes care center.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted on treatment naïve DME patients who had received intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections in 2019. Participants were people with type 2 diabetes who were under regular care at the eye care center or the diabetes care center in Chennai. The outcome measures were noted at months 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12.

Results:

A review of 136 patients treated for CI-DME (72 from the eye care center and 64 from a diabetes care center) was carried out. The severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was similar in both centers. There was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) difference in the choice of initial intravitreal drug in the two centers. At 12-month follow-up, only 29.16% came for a follow-up in the eye center vs. 76.56% in a diabetes care center (P = 0.000). The multivariate logistic regression showed increasing age was associated with non-compliance in both the groups (eye care center: odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–1.21; P = 0.044) and diabetes care center (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.29; P = 0.020).

Conclusion:

The follow-up rate between eye care and diabetic care center with DME showed a significant disparity. By providing comprehensive diabetes care for all complications under one roof, compliance with follow-up can be improved in people with DME.
Effect of Muslim Prayer (Salat) positions on the intra-ocular pressure in healthy young individuals
Authors: Aldossary Noura A , Alnafjan Danah A , Alharbi Manal M , Aldahlawi Nada H , Aldarwesh Amal Q
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

There is a lack of research examining the effects of Muslim prayer (Salat) positions on the intra-ocular pressure (IOP). Considering its involvement with postural changes, this study aimed to investigate the changes in the IOP upon assuming Salat positions before, immediately after, and after 2 minutes of prayer in healthy young adults.

Methods:

This prospective, observational study recruited healthy young individuals aged between 18 and 30 years. The IOP measurements were obtained in one eye using Auto Kerato-Refracto-Tonometer TRK-1P, Topcon at baseline before assuming prayer positions, immediately after, and after 2 minutes of the prayer.

Results:

Forty female participants were recruited, with a mean age of 21 ± 2.9 years, a mean weight of 59.7 ± 14.8 (kg), and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 23.8 ± 5.7 (kg/m²). Only 16% had a BMI ≥25 kg/m² (n = 15). All participants started with a mean IOP at baseline of 19.35 ± 1.65 mmHg, which increased to 20 ± 2.38 mmHg and declined to 19.85 ± 2.67 mmHg after 2 minutes of Salat. The difference between the mean IOPs at baseline, immediately after, and after 2 minutes of Salat was not significant (p = 0.06). However, there was a significant difference between the baseline IOP measurements and those immediately after Salat (p = 0.02).

Conclusion:

A significant difference was found between the IOP measurements at baseline and immediately after Salat; however, this was not clinically significant. Further investigation is warranted to confirm these findings and explore the effect of a longer duration of Salat in glaucoma and glaucoma suspect patients.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of NRG1 Fusion–Positive Solid Tumors in Korean Patients
Authors: Cha Yoon Jin , Lee Chung , Joo Bio , Kim Kyung A , Lee Choong-kun , Shim Hyo Sup
Published: June 2023

Purpose Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene fusion is a potentially actionable oncogenic driver. The oncoprotein binds to ERBB3-ERBB2 heterodimers and activates downstream signaling, supporting a therapeutic approach for inhibiting ERBB3/ERBB2. However, the frequency and clinicopathological features of solid tumors harboring NRG1 fusions in Korean patients remain largely unknown.Materials and Methods We reviewed archival data from next-generation sequencing panel tests conducted at a single institution, specifically selecting patients with in-frame fusions that preserved the functional domain. The clinicopathological characteristics of patients harboring NRG1 fusions were retrospectively reviewed.Results Out of 8,148 patients, NRG1 fusions were identified in 22 patients (0.27%). The average age of the patients was 59 years (range, 32 to 78 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.2. The lung was the most frequently observed primary site (n=13), followed by the pancreaticobiliary tract (n=3), gastrointestinal tract (n=2, stomach and rectum each), ovary (n=2), breast (n=1), and soft tissue (n=1). Histologically, all tumors demonstrated adenocarcinoma histology, with the exception of one case of sarcoma. CD74 (n=8) and SLC3A2 (n=4) were the most frequently identified fusion partners. Dominant features included the presence of fewer than three co-occurring genetic alterations, a low tumor mutation burden, and low programmed death-ligand 1 expression. Various clinical responses were observed in patients with NRG1 fusions.Conclusion Despite the rarity of NRG1 fusions in Korean patients with solid tumors, identification through next-generation sequencing enables the possibility of new targeted therapies.
Uniform asymptotic stability for convection–reaction–diffusion equations in the inviscid limit towards Riemann shocks
Authors: Blochas Paul , Rodrigues Luis Miguel
Published: June 2023

The present contribution proves the asymptotic orbital stability of viscous regularizations
of stable Riemann shocks of scalar balance laws, uniformly with respect to the viscosity/diffusion
parameter

\varepsilon

. The uniformity is understood in the sense that all constants involved in the stability statements are uniform and that the corresponding multiscale

\varepsilon

-dependent topology reduces to the classical

W^{1, \infty}

-topology when restricted to functions supported away from the shock location. Main difficulties include that uniformity precludes any use of parabolic regularization to close regularity estimates, that the global-in-time analysis is also spatially multiscale due to the coexistence of nontrivial slow parts with fast shock-layer parts, that the limiting smooth spectral problem (in fast variables) has no spectral gap and that uniformity requires a very precise and unusual design of the phase shift encoding
orbital
stability. In particular, our analysis builds a phase that somehow interpolates between the hyperbolic shock location prescribed by the Rankine–Hugoniot conditions and the nonuniform shift arising merely from phasing out the nondecaying 0-mode, as in the classical stability analysis for fronts of reaction–diffusion equations.
Blowup of two-dimensional attractive Bose–Einstein condensates at the critical rotational speed
Authors: Dinh Van Duong , Nguyen Dinh-Thi , Rougerie Nicolas
Published: June 2023

We study the ground states of a two-dimensional focusing non-linear Schrödinger equation
with rotation and harmonic trapping. When the strength of the interaction approaches a critical
value from below, the system collapses to a profile obtained from the optimizer of a Gagliardo–
Nirenberg interpolation inequality. This was established before in the case of fixed rotation frequency.
We extend the result to rotation frequencies approaching, or even equal to, the critical
frequency at which the centrifugal force compensates the trap. We prove that the blow-up scenario
is to leading order unaffected by such a strong deconfinement mechanism. In particular, the blow-up
profile remains independent of the rotation frequency.
Asymptotic enumeration of graphs by degree sequence, and the degree sequence of a random graph
Authors: Liebenau Anita , Wormald Nick
Published: June 2023

In this paper we relate a fundamental parameter of a random graph, its degree sequence, to a simple model of nearly independent binomial random variables. As a result, many interesting functions of the joint distribution of graph degrees, such as the distribution of the median degree, become amenable to estimation. Our result is established by proving an asymptotic formula conjectured in 1990 for the number of graphs with given degree sequence. In particular, this gives an asymptotic formula for the number of

d

-regular graphs for all

d

, as

n\to\infty

. The key to our results is a new approach to estimating ratios between point probabilities in the space of degree sequences of the random graph, including analysis of fixed points of the associated operators.
Mediation as a way to resolve disputes related to the contractual regulation of the use of reproductive technologies
Authors: Bilanov Oleg S. , Kharchenko Tetiana О. , Lavryk Halyna V. , Prokopenko Viktoriia V.
Published: June 2023

The dispute resolution approach, which transfers a conflict to the jurisdictional authorities for examination, is losing its relevance nowadays. The study presents the analysis of the practice related to the resolution of conflicts arising in the field of application of reproductive technologies through mediation. The authors have analyzed statistical data, judicial practice, surveys on the use of reproductive technologies. The advantages of resorting to mediation in the field of reproductive technologies are speed, lower cost, lack of formalism, simpler procedure for resolving this type of conflicts, application at the discretion of the participants, guarantee of full confidentiality, objectivity of conflict resolution with the participation of a neutral third party, taking into account the best interests of the child. The mediation agreement is also an independent segment of civil law and cannot be identified with a settlement agreement, but only be the basis for its adoption already in court proceedings. In conclusion, comparing the disadvantages and advantages of the use of mediation in the field of reproductive technologies, it can be stated that the latter significantly prevail.
Structure of the administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring national security of Ukraine in the context of European integration
Authors: Nakonechna Iryna , Blahodarnyi Andrii , Servatiuk Liudmyla , Denysenko Grygorii , Makarchuk Vitalii
Published: June 2023

The aim of the article was to reveal the structure of the administrative and legal mechanism for ensuring the national security of Ukraine in the context of European integration. In the course of the study the following methods were used and combined: axiomatic, analysis and synthesis, classification, hermeneutic, deductive, dialectical and metaphysical, logical and semantic and modeling. In the results of the research, it is generalized that the framework of national security provision in the circumstances of European integration is similar to the basic elements of any other instrument of provision of activities. In practical terms it is defined, what material and conceptual elements are included in the structure of the administrative legal mechanism. In the conclusions it is emphasized that these legal and administrative components can be: on the one hand, normative, institutional, instrumental, analytical, etc.; and, on the other hand, organizational, practical and implementation and mixed.
The role of the USA in the Western Europe’s security policy making
Authors: Korniienko Alina
Published: June 2023

The article aimed to determine the role and place of the United States as a key factor influencing the definition of Western European security policy, in the context of existing threats. The research methodology was based on the determination of the general geopolitical situation in the countries of the European Union EU and the United States, a comprehensive analysis of existing risks, a graphical analysis of the total defense costs, an analysis of the main approaches to the security policy of the European Union, with a view to the influence of the United States. Everything indicates that the U.S. is basing its position on the construction of an autonomous system to ensure the defense capability of the European Union. It is concluded on the need to strengthen the EU security implementation system based on the expansion of military potential will enhance the capabilities of NATO, which will allow the U.S., radically respond to other global threats.
Políticas educativas para la enseñanza del inglés en la educación superior de Ecuador
Authors: Andrade Mendoza José Luis , Vallejo Barreno Carina Fernanda , Lechón de la Cruz Marjory Estefanía
Published: June 2023

The teaching-learning processes of contents and the human capacities that emerge from them on a daily basis are "determined" by the policies, plans and concrete projects that regulate the subject and the teaching of English is no exception; thus, it is the national, regional, local and institutional policies that produce or delay, as the case may be, the conditions of possibility for the achievement of the programmatic objectives of a subject of strategic use such as English. By means of a descriptive, analytical and documented methodology, the objective of this article was to review some educational policies for the teaching of English in higher education in Ecuador. The results obtained allow us to conclude that, although educational policies are regularly designed asymmetrically, from a hegemonic institutional center (State, Teachers, University, among others) and imposed in a relatively consensual way to the rest of the actors of the educational process, in the cases known by this research, the successful teaching of English also depends significantly on the creative capacity of the teacher and, even more, on the commitment of the students in the development of their language skills in order to achieve meaningful learning.
Researching and Writing Differently
Authors: Boncori Ilaria
Published: June 2023

This book considers new and alternative ways of doing scholarship in management studies and the social sciences. Spotlighting new methods and voices, it will be an invaluable resource for current and future scholars.