bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Azimuthal anisotropy analysis of P-wave seismic data and estimation of the orientation of the in situ stress fields: An example from the Rock-Springs uplift, Wyoming, USA
Authors: Mallick Subhashis , Mukherjee Debraj , Shafer Luke , Campbell-Stone Erin
Published: February 2017

Estimating the orientation and magnitude of maximum and minimum horizontal in situ stress is important for characterizing naturally fractured, unconventional, and carbon-sequestered reservoirs. For naturally fractured reservoirs, they are needed to guide directional drilling; for unconventional reservoirs, they are used for optimal placements of hydraulic fractures; and for carbon-sequestered reservoirs, they are used to avoid fracturing of overlying seal rocks. In addition, a knowledge of stress fields can be used to induce fractures within the target reservoirs and enhance additional storage for carbon-sequestration experiments. The orientation and magnitude of in situ stress can be calculated at the well locations. For locations, away from the wells, analysis of the azimuthal dependence of the amplitude-variation-with-angle gradient or azimuthal angle stacks are used to quantify anisotropy, which are then related with well data and other geologic information for stress estimation. Such azimuthal analysis requires accurate conversion of offset-domain seismic data into angles. We use isotropic prestack waveform inversion for an accurate offset-to-angle transformation along different source-to-receiver azimuths followed by azimuthal analysis. Applying our method to the real seismic data from the Rock-Springs uplift, Wyoming, USA, and relating the results to the well data, we find that our results are favorably related to the orientation of the maximum in situ horizontal stress field measured at the well location.
Laparoscopy to Predict the Result of Primary Cytoreductive Surgery in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rutten Marianne J. , van Meurs Hannah S. , van de Vrie Roelien , Gaarenstroom Katja N. , Naaktgeboren Christiana A. , van Gorp Toon , Ter Brugge Henk G. , Hofhuis Ward , Schreuder Henk W.R. , Arts Henriette J.G. , Zusterzeel Petra L.M. , Pijnenborg Johanna M.A. , van Haaften Maarten , Fons Guus , Engelen Mirjam J.A. , Boss Erik A. , Vos M. Caroline , Gerestein Kees G. , Schutter Eltjo M.J. , Opmeer Brent C. , Spijkerboer Anje M. , Bossuyt Patrick M.M. , Mol Ben Willem , Kenter Gemma G. , Buist Marrije R.
Published: February 2017

Purpose

To investigate whether initial diagnostic laparoscopy can prevent futile primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) by identifying patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer in whom > 1 cm of residual disease will be left after PCS.

Patients and Methods

This multicenter, randomized controlled trial was undertaken within eight gynecologic cancer centers in the Netherlands. Patients with suspected advanced-stage ovarian cancer who qualified for PCS were eligible. Participating patients were randomly assigned to either laparoscopy or PCS. Laparoscopy was used to guide selection of primary treatment: either primary surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval surgery. The primary outcome was futile laparotomy, defined as a PCS with residual disease of > 1 cm. Primary analyses were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.

Results

Between May 2011 and February 2015, 201 participants were included, of whom 102 were assigned to diagnostic laparoscopy and 99 to primary surgery. In the laparoscopy group, 63 (62%) of 102 patients underwent PCS versus 93 (94%) of 99 patients in the primary surgery group. Futile laparotomy occurred in 10 (10%) of 102 patients in the laparoscopy group versus 39 (39%) of 99 patients in the primary surgery group (relative risk, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.47; P < .001). In the laparoscopy group, three (3%) of 102 patients underwent both primary and interval surgery compared with 28 (28%) of 99 patients in the primary surgery group ( P < .001).

Conclusion

Diagnostic laparoscopy reduced the number of futile laparotomies in patients with suspected advanced-stage ovarian cancer. In women with a plan for PCS, these data suggest that performance of diagnostic laparoscopy first is reasonable and that if cytoreduction to < 1 cm of residual disease seems feasible, to proceed with PCS.
Access to Accredited Cancer Hospitals Within Federal Exchange Plans Under the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Kehl Kenneth L. , Liao Kai-Ping , Krause Trudy M. , Giordano Sharon H.
Published: February 2017

Purpose

The Affordable Care Act expanded access to health insurance in the United States, but concerns have arisen about access to specialized cancer care within narrow provider networks. To characterize the scope and potential impact of this problem, we assessed rates of inclusion of Commission on Cancer (CoC) –accredited hospitals and National Cancer Institute (NCI) –designated cancer centers within federal exchange networks.

Methods

We downloaded publicly available machine-readable network data and public use files for individual federal exchange plans from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services for the 2016 enrollment year. We linked this information to National Provider Identifier data, identified a set of distinct provider networks, and assessed the rates of inclusion of CoC-accredited hospitals and NCI-designated centers. We measured variation in these rates according to geography, plan type, and metal level.

Results

Of 4,058 unique individual plans, network data were available for 3,637 (90%); hospital information was available for 3,531 (87%). Provider lists for these plans reduced into 295 unique networks for analysis. Ninety-five percent of networks included at least one CoC-accredited hospital, but just 41% of networks included NCI-designated centers. States and counties each varied substantially in the proportion of networks listed that included NCI-designated centers (range, 0% to 100%). The proportion of networks that included NCI-designated centers also varied by plan type (range, 31% for health maintenance organizations to 49% for preferred provider organizations; P = .04) but not by metal level.

Conclusion

A large majority of federal exchange networks contain CoC-accredited hospitals, but most do not contain NCI-designated cancer centers. These results will inform policy regarding access to cancer care, and they reinforce the importance of promoting access to clinical trials and specialized care through community sites.
Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Arrest in the Postanesthesia Care Unit, Rare but Preventable: Analysis of Data From Wake Up Safe, The Pediatric Anesthesia Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Christensen Robert E. , Haydar Bishr , Voepel-Lewis Terri D.
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND:

Nearly 20% of anesthesia-related pediatric cardiac arrests (CAs) occur during emergence or recovery. The aims of this case series were to use the Wake Up Safe database to describe the following: (1) the nature of pediatric postanesthesia care unit (PACU) CA and subsequent outcomes and (2) factors associated with harm after pediatric PACU CA.

METHODS:

Pediatric CAs in the PACU were identified from the Wake Up Safe Pediatric Anesthesia Quality Improvement Initiative, a multicenter registry of adverse events in pediatric anesthesia. Demographics, underlying conditions, cause of CA, and outcomes were extracted. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize data and to assess risk of harm in those suffering CA.

RESULTS:

A total of 26 CA events were included: 67% in children <5 years, and 30% in infants (<1 year); 18 (69%) were deemed likely or almost certainly preventable. All preventable CAs were respiratory in nature and most (67%) had purported root causes that included provider judgment or inexperience, inadequate supervision, and competing priorities. CAs of cardiac origin were associated with increased level of harm (temporary or greater), whereas those of respiratory origin were associated more often with no harm.

CONCLUSIONS:

PACU CA events are rare and generally survivable, with better outcomes for respiratory-based events, but most were deemed preventable, suggesting a need for further vigilance in the early postoperative period. Maintenance of monitoring during patient transport to PACU and continuing care by anesthesia care providers until emergence from anesthesia may further reduce the preventable arrest rate. The root cause analyses conducted by individual institutions reporting these data to the Wake Up Safe provided only limited insight, so multicenter collaborative approaches may allow for greater insight into effective CA-prevention strategies.
Overexpression of mitochondrial oxodicarboxylate carrier (ODC1) preserves oxidative phosphorylation in a yeast model of the Barth syndrome
Authors: de Taffin de Tilques Maxence , Tribouillard-Tanvier Déborah , Tétaud Emmanuel , Testet Eric , di Rago Jean-Paul , Lasserre Jean-Paul
Published: February 2017

Cardiolipin (CL) is a diglycerol phospholipid mostly found in mitochondria where it optimizes numerous processes including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). To function properly CL needs to be unsaturated, which requires the acyltransferase tafazzin. Loss-of-function mutations in this protein are responsible for the Barth syndrome (BTHS), presumably because of a diminished OXPHOS capacity. Here we show that overexpressing Odc1p, a conserved oxodicarboxylic acid carrier located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, fully restores oxidative phosphorylation in a yeast model (taz1Δ) of the Barth syndrome. The rescuing activity involves the recovery of a normal expression of key components that sustain oxidative phosphorylation, including the cytochrome c and complexes IV and III, that are strongly down regulated in taz1Δ yeast. Interestingly, overexpressing Odc1p was shown previously to rescue also yeast models of mitochondrial diseases caused by defects in the assembly of ATP synthase and by mutations in the MPV17 protein that result in the hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. These findings define the transport of oxidicarboxylic acids across the inner membrane as a potential therapeutic target for a large spectrum of mitochondrial disease including BTHS.
MAPK signaling pathways and HDAC3 activity are disrupted during emerin-null myogenic progenitor differentiation
Authors: Collins Carol M. , Ellis Joseph , Holaska James M.
Published: February 2017

Mutations in the gene encoding emerin cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). Emerin is an integral inner nuclear membrane protein and a component of the nuclear lamina. EDMD is characterized by skeletal muscle wasting, cardiac conduction defects and tendon contractures. The failure to regenerate skeletal muscle is predicted to contribute to the skeletal muscle pathology of EDMD. We hypothesize muscle regeneration defects are caused by impaired muscle stem cell differentiation. Myogenic progenitors derived from emerin-null mice were used to confirm their impaired differentiation and analyze selected myogenic molecular pathways. Emerin-null progenitors were delayed in their cell cycle exit, had decreased myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression and formed fewer myotubes. Emerin binds to and activates histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Here we show theophylline, an HDAC3-specific activator, improved myotube formation in emerin-null cells. Addition of the HDAC3-specific inhibitor RGFP966 blocked myotube formation and MyHC expression in wildtype and emerin-null myogenic progenitors, but did not affect cell cycle exit. Downregulation of emerin was previously shown to affect the p38 and ERK MAPK pathways in C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Using a pure population of myogenic progenitors completely lacking emerin expression we show these pathways are also disrupted. ERK inhibition improved MyHC expression in emerin-null cells, but failed to rescue myotube formation or cell cycle exit. p38 MAPK inhibition prevented differentiation in both wildtype and emerin-null progenitors. These results show each of these molecular pathways specifically regulate particular stages of myogenic differentiation in an emerin-dependent manner. Thus, pharmacological targeting of multiple pathways acting at specific differentiation stages may be a better therapeutic approach in the future to rescue muscle regeneration in vivo.
Mussel adhesion – essential footwork
Authors: Waite J. Herbert
Published: February 2017

Robust adhesion to wet, salt-encrusted, corroded and slimy surfaces has been an essential adaptation in the life histories of sessile marine organisms for hundreds of millions of years, but it remains a major impasse for technology. Mussel adhesion has served as one of many model systems providing a fundamental understanding of what is required for attachment to wet surfaces. Most polymer engineers have focused on the use of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (Dopa), a peculiar but abundant catecholic amino acid in mussel adhesive proteins. The premise of this Review is that although Dopa does have the potential for diverse cohesive and adhesive interactions, these will be difficult to achieve in synthetic homologs without a deeper knowledge of mussel biology; that is, how, at different length and time scales, mussels regulate the reactivity of their adhesive proteins. To deposit adhesive proteins onto target surfaces, the mussel foot creates an insulated reaction chamber with extreme reaction conditions such as low pH, low ionic strength and high reducing poise. These conditions enable adhesive proteins to undergo controlled fluid–fluid phase separation, surface adsorption and spreading, microstructure formation and, finally, solidification.
Longitudinal and transversal displacements between triceps surae muscles during locomotion of the rat
Authors: Bernabei Michel , van Dieën Jaap H. , Maas Huub
Published: February 2017

The functional consequences of differential muscle activation and contractile behavior between mechanically coupled synergists are still poorly understood. Even though synergistic muscles exert similar mechanical effects at the joint they span, differences in the anatomy, morphology and neural drive may lead to non-uniform contractile conditions. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of activation and contractile behavior of triceps surae muscles, to understand how these contribute to the relative displacement between the one-joint soleus (SO) and two-joint lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscle bellies and their distal tendons during locomotion in the rat. In seven rats, muscle belly lengths and muscle activation during level and upslope trotting were measured by sonomicrometry crystals and electromyographic electrodes chronically implanted in the SO and LG. Length changes of muscle–tendon units (MTUs) and tendon fascicles were estimated based on joint kinematics and muscle belly lengths. Distances between implanted crystals were further used to assess longitudinal and transversal deformations of the intermuscular volume between the SO and LG. For both slope conditions, we observed differential timing of muscle activation as well as substantial differences in contraction speeds between muscle bellies (maximal relative speed 55.9 mm s−1). Muscle lengths and velocities did not differ significantly between level and upslope locomotion, only EMG amplitude of the LG was affected by slope. Relative displacements between SO and LG MTUs were found in both longitudinal and transversal directions, yielding an estimated maximal length change difference of 2.0 mm between their distal tendons. Such relative displacements may have implications for the force exchanged via intermuscular and intertendinous pathways.
Antioxidants and embryo phenotype: is there experimental evidence for strong integration of the antioxidant system?
Authors: Possenti Cristina Daniela , Karadas Filiz , Colombo Graziano , Caprioli Manuela , Rubolini Diego , Milzani Aldo , Donne Isabella Dalle , Saino Nicola , Parolini Marco
Published: February 2017

Organisms have evolved complex defense systems against oxidative stress. Bird eggs contain maternally derived antioxidants that protect embryos from oxidative damage. The antioxidant system components are thought to be integrated, but few studies have analyzed the covariation between antioxidant concentrations, embryo ‘oxidative status’ and morphology. In addition, no study has tested the effects of experimental change in yolk antioxidant concentration on other antioxidants, on their reciprocal relationships and on their relationships with embryo oxidative status or growth, which are expected if antioxidants defenses are integrated. In yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) embryos, we analyzed the covariation between several antioxidants, markers of ‘oxidative status’ [total antioxidant capacity (TAC), concentration of pro-oxidants (TOS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonylation (PC)] in the yolk, liver and brain, and morphology. Yolk and liver antioxidant concentrations were positively correlated reciprocally and with embryo size, and positively predicted TAC but not oxidative status. TOS and LPO were positively correlated in the liver, while TAC and LPO were negatively correlated in the brain. Weak relationships existed between antioxidants and TOS, PC and LPO. The effects of antioxidants on oxidative status and morphology were non-synergistic. An experimental physiological increase in yolk vitamin E had very weak effects on the relationships between other antioxidants or oxidative status and vitamin E concentration, the concentration of other antioxidants or oxidative status; the covariation between other antioxidants and oxidative status, and relationships between morphology or oxidative status and other antioxidants, challenging the common wisdom of strong functional relationships among antioxidants, at least for embryos in the wild.
Effects of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on locomotion and the repeatability of lateralization in a keystone marine mollusc
Authors: Domenici Paolo , Torres Rodrigo , Manríquez Patricio H.
Published: February 2017

Recent work has shown that the behaviour of marine organisms can be affected by elevated PCO2, although little is known about the effect of multiple stressors. We therefore investigated the effect of elevated PCO2 and temperature on locomotion and behaviour during prey searching in the marine gastropod Concholepas concholepas, a predator characteristic of the southeastern Pacific coast. Movement duration, decision time, route finding and lateralization were measured using a T-maze tank with a prey positioned behind a barrier. Four treatments, representing present day and near-future scenarios of ocean acidification and warming were used in rearing the individuals for 6 months. Regardless of the treatment, no significant differences were found in relative and absolute lateralization before and after exposure for 6 months. However, relative lateralization was not repeatable for animals tested after 6 months at elevated PCO2 at both experimental temperatures, whereas it was repeatable in individuals kept at the present day level of PCO2. We suggest that these effects may be related to a behavioural malfunction caused by elevated PCO2. Movement duration, decision time and route finding were not repeatable. However, movement duration and decision time increased and route finding decreased in elevated PCO2 (at 15°C), suggesting that elevated PCO2 has negative effects on the locomotor and sensory performance of C. concholepas in the presence of a prey odour, thereby decreasing their ability to forage efficiently.
Who cares? The social care sector and the future of youth employment
Authors: Montgomery Tom , Mazzei Micaela , Baglioni Simone , Sinclair Stephen
Published: February 2017

The social care sector has been identified as a potential source of job creation for young people by policymakers, however the quality of such employment opportunities requires closer scrutiny. This study reveals how job creation strategies focused upon sectors such as social care which have high levels of employment insecurity can contribute towards reinforcing patterns of precarious work across Europe. Drawing upon research involving young people and representatives from the sector, this study argues that while attracting new employees is a worthy objective, the capacity of the social care sector to offer secure employment for young people is questionable.
Die besondere Kontur von Bonhoeffers Mystik. Thomas von Kempen als spiritueller Impulsgeber Dietrich Bonhoeffers
Authors: Zimmerling Peter
Published: February 2017

This essay aims at corroborating the thesis that Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s spirituality contains a mystical dimension owing its characteristics to Thomas à Kempis’ Imitatio Christi. First the role of the Imitation of Christ in Bonhoeffer’s life and work is explained. A second part shows concrete substantial parallels between Bonhoeffer and Thomas à Kempis, primarily based on citations from Bonhoeffer’s oeuvre. Finally the essay tries to sketch the specific mystical pro­file of Bonhoeffer’s spirituality. A short review of the history of research precedes each part.
Jeremia am Ende. Prophetie als Schriftgelehrsamkeit
Authors: Maier Christl M.
Published: February 2017

The contribution discusses a shift in Old Testament prophetic research, starting with recent studies on extra-biblical prophetic texts, on reading and writing capacities in ancient Israel, and on the Septuagint as well as Qumran manuscripts. The image of a genial, inspired lone wolf is replaced by the idea of tradent prophecy. This transformed perspective on prophecy is illustrated by Jer 1:4-10 and Jer 36. Finally the essay sheds some light on consequences for the discussion between the theological disciplines.
Erfahrungsnah und lebensdienlich. Religiöse Rede im Kontext des Rundfunks
Authors: Panzer Lucie
Published: February 2017

Autorinnen und Autoren sprechen von dem, was sie glauben. Alltägliches, dem mündlichen Sprachverhalten nachgebildetes Erzählen ist ein geeignetes Mittel, um den Transfer von Erfahrungen zu initiieren. Wenn die Gesprächshaltung der Rundfunkbeiträge der Alltagskom­munikation der Zuhörenden entspricht, können sie am intendierten Gespräch teilnehmen und das Gehörte aktiv rezipieren. So wird religiöse Rede im Radio lebensdienlich.
»Mücken« auf Sendung. Ein Gespräch über kirchliche Radioformate mit Claudia Aue und Astrid Kleist
Authors: Schult Maike , Plüss David
Published: February 2017

Kirchliche Radioformate sind oft »learning by doing«. Aber: Wer macht sie eigentlich? Und wer sorgt dafür, dass andere sie erlernen? Wir haben zwei Frauen interviewt, die das Geschäft seit vielen Jahren kennen und aus der Praxis berichten. Claudia Aue ist theologisch und journalistisch ausgebildet. Nach dem Vikariat in Hamburg schloss sie ein Volontariat bei den »Kieler Nachrichten« an und war Pressereferentin von Bischof Dr. Hans Christian Knuth in Schleswig. Seit 2006 ist sie Radiopastorin bei der Evangelischen Radiokirche im Norddeutschen Rundfunk (NDR) und von Kiel aus redaktionell zuständig für Morgenandachten auf NDR Kultur/ NDR Info, den »Gesegneten Sonntag« und »Gesegneten Abend« auf NDR 1 Welle Nord, für Gottesdienstübertragungen und die Sendung »Sonntags bei uns«. Sie sucht und betreut einen Pool von Autoren und Autorinnen, für die sie Fortbildungen organisiert und selbst gestaltet. Eine dieser Autorinnen ist Astrid Kleist, Hauptpastorin und Pröpstin in Hamburg.
In Kommunikation mit Wort und Raum. Theologische, semiotisch-religionspädagogische und kirchliche Perspektiven der Kirchenpädagogik
Authors: Sendler-Koschel Birgit
Published: February 2017

Die Kirchenpädagogik ist ein in den wissenschaftlichen Diskursen bisher randständig bear­beitetes Arbeitsfeld christlicher Bildungs- und Tourismusarbeit. Ein Blick auf ihre Anfänge und ihr theologisches sowie religionsdidaktisches Potenzial zeigt jedoch, dass gerade dieses Arbeitsfeld, das im Kontext der kirchlichen Arbeit mit religionslosen und religiös pluralen Gruppen in den Kirchen in der DDR und später in westdeutschen Großstädten entstand, re­levante Kommunikations- und religiöse Lernchancen bietet in einer Kirche und Gesellschaft im religiösen Wandel. Mit einer semiotisch arbeitenden Religionsdidaktik lässt sich ein Kirchengebäude als »Wort«-Raum so erschließen, dass biblische Traditionen und architekto­nische, künstlerische oder liturgische Zeichen in doppelten Semiosen für kirchenpädagogisch Lernende deutbar und be-deutsam werden. Der semiotische Ansatz erweist sich als fruchtbar für neue, erlebnisintensive und verständigungsorientierte religiöse Kommunikations- und Lernprozesse an der Schnittstelle von Bibeldidaktik und Kirchenpädagogik. Damit zeigt er Wege für eine pluralitätsfähige Religionsdidaktik in vernetzten Bildungslandschaften, in denen Lernorte formalen und non-formalen religiösen Lernens und Orte gelebten Glaubens verbunden sind, sich gegenseitig Resonanzen geben und in ihrer Wirkung unterstützen.
Creating an Evidence Base to Support the Development of a Holistic Approach to Working with Children and Young People in Derbyshire: A Local Authority Case Study on the Integration of Social Pedagogy in Children and Young People’s Services
Authors: Chavaudra Nicole , Moore Nicki , Marriott John , Jakhara Mohammed
Published: February 2017

Improving outcomes, particularly those relating to educational attainment for children in care, remains a ubiquitous challenge for local government. Some European countries use social pedagogy as a conceptual framework to improve the outcomes for children. As part of its aspiration to embed a holistic mind-set for staff and carers working with children, Derbyshire County Council has practiced social pedagogy within its children’s residential homes since 2010, resulting in positive changes for staff and young people. In 2013 the University of Derby was commissioned to scope the content of the Council’s workforce development approach, to explore the idea that social pedagogy is a promising approach, not just in children’s homes but also in wider services. The scoping project included surveys and interviews with a range of children’s services workers, including those from social work, child and family support, residential and fostering services. The research identified that, where social pedagogy underpins the activities offered to vulnerable children and those in residential care settings, the outcomes for these groups are improved. There is a growing appetite for a programme of workforce development in social pedagogy, however any such programme should be inclusive and offered at different levels. Furthermore, the principles and concepts should be embedded in the existing roles of a range of practitioners working with children and young people. Ongoing research with Derbyshire’s children’s services workforce will contribute to a growing body of evidence, which supports the development and application of social pedagogy to improve the experiences of children and young people in the county.
Street Art und neue Medien
Authors: Glaser Katja
Published: February 2017

Wie gestalten und (ver-)formen sich Praktiken und Ästhetiken der Street Art in Verbindung mit digital vernetzten Medien? Neue Medien(-technologien) wie Smartphones, Apps, digitale Karten und Social Networks spielen im Kontext der Street Art eine zentrale Rolle. Katja Glaser greift aktuelle Tendenzen auf, spürt Akteuren nach und entfaltet die Welt der Street Art als soziotechnischen Aushandlungsprozess. So erweitert die medienwissenschaftliche Studie die aktuelle Street-Art-Forschung um Themen der Netzpolitik, der Medienästhetik und der Navigation einerseits und lenkt andererseits den Fokus auf digitale Archivierung und Kunstgeschichte.
Die Gefühle der Schwangeren
Authors: Malich Lisa
Published: February 2017

Stimmungsschwankungen, Wutausbrüche oder Mutterliebe gelten als typische Emotionen der Schwangerschaft. Sie werden oft auf Hormone zurückgeführt. Zugleich ist ein umgekehrtes Wirkmodell von Körper und Gefühl verbreitet, nämlich die Vorstellung, dass Emotionen wie Stress ihrerseits die embryonale Entwicklung beeinflussen. Auf welche Weise entwickelte sich solches Gefühlswissen? Wann wurden Schwangerschaftshormone zur ultimativen Erklärung? Lisa Malich beschäftigt sich in ihrer historischen Analyse mit der Verknüpfung von Emotionskonzepten und Körpermodellen in der Schwangerschaft. Anhand von Ratgeberliteratur und wissenschaftlichen Texten aus dem späten 18. Jahrhundert bis heute zeigt sie, wie Medikalisierungsprozesse und Geschlechterordnungen die Sicht auf Gefühle von Schwangeren prägen.
Kippbilder der Familie
Authors: Michaelsen Anja
Published: February 2017

Moderne Adoption ist Gegenstand liberaler und ›multikultureller‹, biopolitischer und nationaler Imaginationen und Politiken. Die dabei entstehenden Ambivalenzen manifestieren sich in Spiel- und Dokumentarfilmen in einem sentimentalen Darstellungsmodus. Von »Stella Dallas« (1937) bis »First Person Plural« (2000) erzeugt Adoption affirmative, zugleich in Bezug auf Geschlecht, Klasse und ›Rasse‹ machtkritische Kippbilder. Ausgehend von diesem ambivalenten kritischen Potenzial des Sentimentalen führt Anja Michaelsen in ihrer Analyse der medialen Gefühlsdisposition gegenwärtiger Familien Kultur- und Filmwissenschaft mit internationaler kritischer Adoptionsforschung zusammen.
Crowd and Art - Kunst und Partizipation im Internet
Authors: Naveau Manuela
Published: February 2017

Welchen Beitrag kann Kunst mittels Beteiligung durch »die Anderen« in einer vernetzten Realität leisten und was hat dies mit Wissen oder Nicht-Wissen zu tun? An der Schnittstelle von Kunsttheorie, Kulturwissenschaft, Medienwissenschaft und Technologiegeschichte untersucht Manuela Naveau das Wesen von partizipativer Kunst im Internet. Dabei führt sie in die Welt computergestützter Partizipationsmodelle ein und reflektiert Begrifflichkeiten wie Masse und Crowd, Publikum und »die Anderen«. Im Besonderen geht sie auf verschiedene Formen von unwissentlicher und unfreiwilliger Teilnahme ein und regt zu einer dringend notwendigen Diskussion um die Entwicklung wirksamer Gestaltungsoptionen in einer Zeit enorm schnell fortschreitender Digitalisierungs- und Transformierungsprozesse an. Mit einem Vorwort von Gerfried Stocker.
Dancing Age(ing)
Authors: Martin Susanne
Published: February 2017

How can contemporary dance contribute to a critical discourse on age and ageing? Built on the premise that age(ing) is something we practice and perform as individuals and as a society, Susanne Martin asks for and develops strategies that allow dance artists to do age(ing) differently. As a whole, this project is an artistic research inquiry, which draws on and contributes to dance practice. The study develops, discusses, and stages practices and performances of age(ing) that offer alternatives to stereotypical and normative age(ing) narratives, which are not only part of dance but also of everyday culture.
Literatur als Palimpsest
Authors: Osthues Julian
Published: February 2017

Romane, die das lang verdrängte Thema des deutschen Kolonialismus ins Gedächtnis rufen, haben innerhalb der deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur seit der Jahrtausendwende Konjunktur. Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass ein besonderes Merkmal der Texte ihre Intertextualität ist, geht Julian Osthues der Frage nach, inwiefern sich die spezifische Ästhetik dieser Literatur anhand der Schriftmetapher des »Palimpsests« beschreiben lässt und ihr ein »postkoloniales Potential« eigen ist. Die Studie lotet die heuristische Leistung der Palimpsest-Metapher für textanalytische und literaturtheoretische Perspektiven aus und schließt an zentrale Überlegungen der postkolonialen Theorie an.
Making Missionaries - Junge Evangelikale und ihre Mission
Authors: Rettig Hanna
Published: February 2017

Das »College« ist eine temporär und total organisierte Gruppe junger evangelikaler Christ_innen in missionarischer Ausbildung. Die Gruppe lebt und reist im engen Verbund und bringt sich hervor in einem faszinierenden Verhältnis zwischen Abgrenzung von der und missionarischer Ausrichtung auf die Welt. Wie dieses Verhältnis hergestellt und bearbeitet wird, wie ein Innen sich konstituiert und wie das College ein Außen erreicht, wie es aus der Welt tritt und in die Welt geht - das ist Thema dieser Studie. Hanna Rettig hat als teilnehmende Beobachterin mit dem College gelebt, ist in verschiedene Länder mitgereist, hat Lernen und Missionieren ethnografisch begleitet. Ihre Analyse bietet neue Einblicke in evangelikales Leben und Missionieren in Deutschland und darüber hinaus.
Nanotechnologie als Kollektivsymbol
Authors: Nowak Frauke
Published: February 2017

Was haben Schuhspray, ein Nobel-Preisträger und ein Roman gemeinsam? Frauke Nowak zeigt Nanotechnologie als interdisziplinären und ästhetisch überformten Technikdiskurs des 21. Jahrhunderts, dessen Raumsemantik sich mit Rückgriff auf literaturtheoretische Annahmen erschließen lässt. Sechs Fallstudien zeichnen die Semantik des technischen Kollektivsymbols anhand historisch und medial heterogener Dokumente - darunter einem Vortrag von Richard Feynman, der Präsentationsstrategie von Nano-Imprägnierspray, der Website »Science in Africa« und dem Roman »Nanoblume« - nach. Die Studie ermöglicht detaillierte Einsichten in den Machtzusammenhang von Raumkonstitution, Wissen und interdisziplinärer Semantik in der Spitzenforschung.
Entgrenzen, Entfliehen, Entmachten
Authors: Simonow Eileen
Published: February 2017

Forschung auf dem Gebiet »Hip-Hop und Religion« hat sich bisher meist auf religiöse Lesarten von Raptexten konzentriert und zudem Musikvideos bei dieser Betrachtung weitestgehend außer Acht gelassen. Eileen Simonow geht der These nach, dass religiöses Material in den Clips sakral und damit entgrenzend, in Bedeutungen überschießend - und damit im eigentlichen Sinne anti-religiös inszeniert - ist. Dafür werden Musikvideos des US-amerikanischen Mainstreams in ihrer komplexen Verschränkung der auditiven und visuellen Ebenen mit der Sakraltheorie Georges Batailles gelesen. In vier Analysen von Musikvideos - u.a. von Kanye West - wird das Sakrale als aus dem Sozialen hervorgehende Kraft im Spannungsfeld von Macht, Ideologie und Widerstand diskutiert.
Fortpflanzung und Geschlecht
Authors: Heitzmann Daniela
Published: February 2017

Fortpflanzung als das ›natürlichste‹ Phänomen der Welt wird häufig als Begründung für die Geschlechterdifferenz herangezogen und dient als Rechtfertigung für das hierarchisch strukturierte Geschlechterverhältnis. Auf der Grundlage der Soziologie Pierre Bourdieus fragt Daniela Heitzmann, wie sich jene vermeintliche Naturtatsache als soziales Phänomen begreifen lässt, um dessen enge Verknüpfung mit dem Frausein einerseits und das eher lose Verhältnis zum Mannsein andererseits zu analysieren. Hierzu entwickelt sie ein Konzept der generativen Praxis, das zu einem Forschungsprogramm zur Genese von Generativitätsvorstellungen führt und dabei besonders die soziale Konstruktionsarbeit der Soziologie in den Fokus rückt.
Вариант мультимодального демпфирования колебаний электроупругих конструкций
за счет соответствующего подбора параметров внешней электрической цепи
Authors: Ошмарин Дмитрий Александрович , Oshmarin Dmitrii Alexandrovich , Севодина Наталья Витальевна , Sevodina Natalya Vitalyevna , Юрлов Максим Александрович , Yurlov Maksim Alexandrovich , Юрлова Наталия Алексеевна , Yurlova Natalya Alekseevna
Published: February 2017

В технических приложениях имеет место задача демпфирования колебаний в заданных зонах конструкций, например, в местах расположения оптических приборов, при любых внешних динамических возмущениях, без увеличения массы самой конструкции и без изменения ее спектрального портрета.
Для решения этих задач широкое распространение получило применение особых демпфирующих устройств - пьезоэлементов, соединенных с внешней электрической цепью и присоединенных к конструкции. Это стало возможным благодаря пьезоэффекту, обеспечивающему преобразование части энергии колебаний в электрическую энергию, которая рассеивается во внешней электрической цепи. Поэтому, применяя соответствующие электрические цепи, можно рассеять внутреннюю энергию и, как следствие, демпфировать колебания конструкции в определенном частотном диапазоне. Как правило, внешняя электрическая цепь с одной веткой, шунтирующая один пьезоэлемент, позволяет осуществить демпфирование колебаний на одной частоте.
В связи с тем, что на практике часто возникает необходимость демпфирования нескольких мод колебаний с использованием одних и тех же технических средств, проблема мультимодального демпфирования smart-конструкций является актуальной.
Целью данной работы является исследование возможностей демпфирования колебаний на нескольких модах с помощью одной внешней последовательной $RL$-цепи, присоединенной к электродированным поверхностям одного пьезоэлемента, на основе решения задач о собственных и вынужденных колебаниях электроупругих систем с внешними электрическими цепями.
Portrait historié: Ladies as goddesses in the 18th century European art
Authors: Almelek İşman Sibel
Published: February 2017

Portrait historié is a term that describes portrayals of known individuals in different roles such as characters taken from the bible, mythology or literature. These portraits were especially widespread in the 18th century French and English art. In the hierarchy of genres established by the Academy, history painting was at the top and portraiture came next. Artists aspired to elevate the importance of portraits by combining it with history. This article will focus on goddesses selected by history portrait artists. Ladies of the nobility and female members of the royal families have been depicted as goddesses in many paintings. French artists Nicolas de Largillière, Jean Marc Nattier and Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun; English artists George Romney and Sir Joshua Reynolds can be counted among the artists working in this genre. Mythological figures such as Diana, Minerva, Venus, Hebe, Iris, Ariadne, Circe, Medea, Cassandra, Muses, Graces, Nymphs and Bacchantes inspired the artists and their sitters. Ladies were picturised with the attributes of these divine beings.
Sensitivity of the secondary school students toward global problems
Ortaokul öğrencilerinin küresel sorunlara karşı gösterdikleri duyarlılıklar
Authors: Egüz Şule , Öztürk Cemil , Kesten Alper
Published: February 2017

Recent global developments all around the world have affected all the individuals, institutions and societies. In this respect, it is of great importance to be sensitive to the problems concerning the future of all mankind. In this study, it was aimed to reveal the sensitivity of 6th grade students in middle school toward global developments. The population group of the study was 44 sixth grade students in a secondary school in the province of Samsun in the academic year of 2014-2015. An instructional design in Social Studies curriculum was prepared, developed with the activities supported by communication technologies in accordance with the aims related with the global education in the chapter of “Our Country and World”. After the title 'Fruit of the Brotherhood' was taught, they did an activity entitled as "Aid Campaign Activity" in order to determine the students' sensitivity to global developments. In addition, a semi-structured form was conducted to 10 students in target groups during and after the activities. At the end of the research, it was determined that most of the students started to follow global developments, problems and global current events; It was seen that the global perspectives of all interviewed students were improved. ÖzetDünyada yaşanan küresel gelişmeler bütün bireyleri, kurumları ve toplumları etkilemektedir. Bu bakımdan tüm insanlığın geleceğini ilgilendiren sorunlara karşı duyarlılık göstermek büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmada da ortaokul 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin küresel gelişmelere karşı gösterdikleri duyarlılıkları ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2014-2015 eğitim-öğretim yılında Samsun ilinde bulunan bir ortaokuldaki 44 6. sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında belirlenen çalışma grubuna, Sosyal Bilgiler programında yer alan Ülkemiz ve Dünya ünitesindeki küresel eğitimle ilgili kazanımlar çerçevesinde, iletişim teknolojileriyle destekli olarak hazırlanan ve etkinliklerle zenginleştirilen öğretim programı hazırlanmış ve uygulanmıştır. Ünitedeki ‘Kardeşliğin Meyvesi’ isimli konunun ardından öğrencilerin küresel gelişmelere karşı gösterdikleri duyarlılıkları tespit etmek amacıyla onlara “Yardım Seferberliği Etkinliği” yaptırılmıştır. Ayrıca etkinlik sırasında ve sonrasında hedef gruplar içerisinde yer alan 10 öğrenciye araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış formlar uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonunda öğrencilerin büyük bir kısmının küresel gelişmeleri, sorunları ve güncel olayları takip etmeye başladıkları tespit edilmiş; görüşme yapılan tüm öğrencilerin küresel bakış açılarının geliştiği görülmüştür.
Hypothalamic transcriptomic alterations in male and female California mice (Peromyscus californicus) developmentally exposed to bisphenol A or ethinyl estradiol
Authors: Johnson Sarah A. , Spollen William G. , Manshack Lindsey K. , Bivens Nathan J. , Givan Scott A. , Rosenfeld Cheryl S.
Published: February 2017

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine‐disrupting chemical (EDC) prevalent in many household items. Rodent models and human epidemiological studies have linked this chemical to neurobehavior impairments. In California mice, developmental exposure to BPA results in sociosexual disorders at adulthood, including communication and biparental care deficits, behaviors that are primarily regulated by the hypothalamus. Thus, we sought to examine the transcriptomic profile in this brain region of juvenile male and female California mice offspring exposed from periconception through lactation to BPA or ethinyl estradiol (EE, estrogen present in birth control pills and considered a positive estrogen control for BPA studies). Two weeks prior to breeding, P0 females were fed a control diet, or this diet supplemented with 50 mg BPA/kg feed weight or 0.1 ppb EE, and continued on the diets through lactation. At weaning, brains from male and female offspring were collected, hypothalamic RNA isolated, and RNA‐seq analysis performed. Results indicate that BPA and EE groups clustered separately from controls with BPA and EE exposure leading to unique set of signature gene profiles. Kcnd3 was downregulated in the hypothalamus of BPA‐ and EE‐exposed females, whereas Tbl2, Topors, Kif3a, and Phactr2 were upregulated in these groups. Comparison of transcripts differentially expressed in BPA and EE groups revealed significant enrichment of gene ontology terms associated with microtubule‐based processes. Current results show that perinatal exposure to BPA or EE can result in several transcriptomic alterations, including those associated with microtubule functions, in the hypothalamus of California mice. It remains to be determined whether these genes mediate BPA‐induced behavioral disruptions.
The Migration of the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni in Eastern Europe - A Ringing Recovery and Direct Observation Approach
Authors: Bounas Anastasios , Panuccio Michele , Evangelidis Angelos , Sotiropoulos Konstantinos , Barboutis Christos
Published: February 2017

We examined ringing recovery data of the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni in order to analyse its migration patterns and philopatry rates in Eastern Europe. In addition, we extracted counts of migrating birds from online databases and studied the use of the flyway as well as the phenology of both spring and autumn migrations through Greece. Birds appeared to migrate in the same mean direction in spring and autumn through the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas. During spring, movements took place on a broad front from March until mid- May with a peak in mid-April; in autumn, birds migrated through Greece on a narrower front from early August to early October, with most of individuals passing through Greece in mid-September. Finally, philopatry rates were higher for adults, while juvenile birds dispersed more often and at longer distances, up to 974 km away. Our results on migration patterns generally agree with those in other studies, but we found some evidence of long-distance premigratory movements towards mainland Greece that could also shape the narrower front migration in autumn. In addition, long distance dispersal movements of juveniles in southeastern Europe, where Lesser Kestrel populations show a fragmented distribution, could facilitate gene flow between populations, thus avoiding the negative effects of mating with genetically similar individuals.
Overview of occurrence of the Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus between 1995 and 2015 in Slovenia and its probable breeding in irruptive year 2008
Authors: Vrezec Al
Published: February 2017

Between 1995 and 2015 the number of records of Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus in Slovenia increased drastically, especially after 2007, but the species occurred regularly every year since 2002. Before that, the Short-eared Owl was regarded as a very rare migrant in Slovenia. Most of the observations were from wintering and migration periods, and the most important areas for the species in Slovenia were Ljubljansko barje, Lake Cerknica, surroundings of the water reservoir Medvedce and coastal wetlands. In 2008 and 2013 the Short-eared Owl occurred in large numbers, and these years were regarded as irruptive. Flocks of 2 to 8 birds were observed. At Ljubljansko barje, increased numbers of observed Short-eared Owls coincided with a large population of small mammals (species of the genus Apodemus and Microtus) and poor snow cover in 2008, and at least three communal roost sites were found that year. In the irruptive year 2013 there was a greater number of Short-eared Owls observed at the Medvedce water reservoir. On the plain at Lesce near the village of Smokuč an injured second year female was found at the end of March 2008 with a developing brood patch in its initial stage. It is likely that the female attempted to nest, which confirms the status of the species as occasional breeder in Slovenia. The last confirmed breeding in Slovenia was recorded in 1936 at Ljubljansko barje. In addition to local conditions (population of small mammals, snow cover) the frequency of occurrence of the Short-eared Owl in Slovenia is also affected by the population of development in the Boreal region and changes in migratory characteristics of the species in Europe. Therefore, an increase of the number of Short-eared Owls in Slovenia is expected in the future, as well as breeding attempts by this nomadic owl in seasons with high populations of small mammals and green winters, of course, if appropriate meadow habitat is still preserved.
A Hylomorphic Reading of Non-Genuine Qualitative Changes in Aristotle’s Physics VII.3
Authors: Chen Fei-Ting
Published: February 2017

I argue that Aristotle’s discussion of changes in shape and external form as well as changes in somatic and psychic states in
Setting Up of the Strömvil System Standards and Standard Regions
Authors: Philip A. G. Davis , Boyle R. P. , Straižys V. , Kazlauskas A.
Published: February 2017

CCD photometry of standard areas of the seven-color Strömvil photometric system in some open and globular clusters is described. The primary standards are being measured with a two-channel photoelectric photometer on the 1.5 meter telescope on Mt. Lemmon. CCD photometry of standard areas is in progress with the Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope on Mt. Graham and with the CASLEO 2.1 m telescope in Argentina. Two additional Strömvil projects are described.
Interstellar Extinction from Large Surveys
Authors: Malkov O. Yu.
Published: February 2017

Under some assumptions, information on interstellar extinction may be obtained from modern large photometric survey data. Virtual Observatory facilities allow users to make a fast and correct cross-identification of objects from various surveys. This process yields multicolor photometry data for registered objects and makes it possible to estimate color excesses and, with a few exceptions for some areas with high total-to-selective extinction ratio, calculate interstellar extinction. A 3D extinction map then can be constructed for almost the whole sky. The method is applied to an area with the low Galactic latitude, and the results are discussed in the present paper.