bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Compact, Bistatic Antenna System with Very High Interport Isolation for 2.4 GHz In-Band Full Duplex Applications
Authors: Nawaz Haq , Shoaib Nosherwan , Niazi Ahmad Umar , Chaudhry Shabbir Majeed
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a compact, dual polarized bistatic (two closely spaced transmit and receive radiators) patch antenna with excellent interport isolation performance. The presented antenna system employs differential receive mode operation for the cancellation of self-interference (SI) to achieve very high interport isolation for 2.4 GHz in-band full duplex (IBFD) applications. The presented antenna is based on two closely spaced radiators and a simple 3 dB/180° coupler for differentially excited receive mode operation. The 3 dB/180° coupler performs as a passive self-interference cancellation (SIC) circuit for the presented antenna. The small form-factor structure is realized through via interconnections between the receiving patch and SIC circuit. The prototype of the presented antenna characterizes better than 105 dB peak interport isolation. Moreover, the recorded interport isolation is more than 90 dB and 95 dB within 60 MHz and 40 MHz bandwidths, respectively. The measured gain and cross-polarization levels reflect superior radiation performance for the validation model of the proposed antenna. The presented antenna offers DC interport isolation too, which is required for active antenna applications. The novelty of this work is a compact (small form-factor) antenna structure with very high peak interport isolation along with wider SIC bandwidth as compared to previously reported antennas for full duplex applications.
Computer-Aided Rapid Establishment of Fingerprint of Xiaojin Capsule by HPLC
Authors: Jiang Hui , Xiao Yuansheng , Xue Xingya , Jin Hongli , Xiang Yang , Liu Yanfang , Jin Gaowa
Published: January 2021

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas have a significant clinical efficacy, and the fingerprint technology has been widely accepted to fully reveal the quality of TCM. Whereas, it is a great challenge to establish the fingerprint chromatogram which can fully reflect every single herb material in a short time. In this study, we used Xiaojin capsule (XJC) as a case and developed a rapid fingerprint method based on increasing the column temperature and flow rate simultaneously combined with computer-aided. First, the elution gradient was optimized based on the retention parameters and peak shape parameters of the four linear gradients, and then, the column temperature and flow rate were increased simultaneously to shorten the analysis time. Next, the standard fingerprint chromatogram of XJC, which can reflect every herb material, was generated. Finally, quality markers were screened through unsupervised cluster analysis and supervised orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis. Combining computer-aided with increasing column temperature and flow rate simultaneously can develop the rapid method for establishing HPLC fingerprint of XJC, which can fully reflect every single herb material and provide comprehensive quality control. The strategy for establishing HPLC fingerprint of TCM formula could be applied to other traditional Chinese medicine formulas and herbal medicine.
Study on Evaluation Model of Emergency Rescue Capability of Chemical Accidents Based on PCA‐BP
Authors: Liu Jianghong , Wu Junfeng , Liu Weisi
Published: January 2021

The emergency management of chemical accidents plays an important role in preventing the expansion of chemical accidents. In recent years, the evaluation and research of emergency management of chemical accidents has attracted the attention of many scholars. However, as an important part of emergency management, the professional rescue team of chemicals has few evaluation models for their capabilities. In this study, an emergency rescue capability assessment model based on the PCA‐BP neural network is proposed. Firstly, the construction status of 11 emergency rescue teams for chemical accidents in Shanghai is analyzed, and an index system for evaluating the capabilities of emergency rescue teams for chemicals is established. Secondly, the principal component analysis (PCA) is used to perform dimension reduction and indicators’ weight acquisition on the original index system to achieve an effective evaluation of the capabilities of 11 rescue teams. Finally, the indicators after dimensionality reduction are used as the input neurons of the backpropagation (BP) neural network, the characteristic data of eight rescue teams are used as the training set, and the comprehensive scores of three rescue teams are used for verifying the generalization ability of the evaluation model. The result shows that the proposed evaluation model based on the PCA‐BP neural network can effectively evaluate the rescue capability of the emergency rescue teams for chemical accidents and provide a new idea for emergency rescue capability assessment.
Predictive Ki-67 Proliferation Index of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on IVIM-DWI Combined with Texture Features
Authors: Li Cuiping , Zheng Mingxue , Zheng Xiaomin , Fang Xin , Dong Jiangning , Wang Chuanbin , Wang Tingting
Published: January 2021

Purpose. This study aims to determine whether IVIM-DWI combined with texture features based on preoperative IVIM-DWI could be used to predict the Ki-67 PI, which is a widely used cell proliferation biomarker in CSCC. Methods. A total of 70 patients were included. Among these patients, 16 patients were divided into the Ki-67 PI <50% group and 54 patients were divided into the Ki-67 PI ≥50% group based on the retrospective surgical evaluation. All patients were examined using a 3.0T MRI unit with one standard protocol, including an IVIM-DWI sequence with 10 b values (0–1,500 sec/mm2). The maximum level of CSCC with a b value of 800 sec/mm2 was selected. The parameters (diffusion coefficient (D), microvascular volume fraction (f), and pseudodiffusion coefficient (D

∗

)) were calculated with the ADW 4.6 workstation, and the texture features based on IVIM-DWI were measured using GE AK quantitative texture analysis software. The texture features included the first order, GLCM, GLSZM, GLRLM, and wavelet transform features. The differences in IVIM-DWI parameters and texture features between the two groups were compared, and the ROC curve was performed for parameters with group differences, and in combination. Results. The D value in the Ki-67 PI ≥50% group was lower than that in the Ki-67 PI <50% group (

P
<
0.05

). A total of 1,050 texture features were obtained using AK software. Through univariate logistic regression, mPMR feature selection, and multivariate logistic regression, three texture features were obtained: wavelet_HHL_GLRLM_ LRHGLE, lbp_3D_k_ firstorder_IR, and wavelet_HLH_GLCM_IMC1. The AUC of the prediction model based on the three texture features was 0.816, and the combined D value and three texture features was 0.834. Conclusions. Texture analysis on IVIM-DWI and its parameters was helpful for predicting Ki-67 PI and may provide a noninvasive method to investigate important imaging biomarkers for CSCC.
Viral Zoonoses of National Importance in Ghana: Advancements and Opportunities for Enhancing Capacities for Early Detection and Response
Authors: Suu-Ire Richard D. , Obodai Evangeline , Bonney J. H. Kofi , Bel-Nono Samuel O. , Ampofo William , Kelly Terra R.
Published: January 2021

Zoonotic diseases have devastating impacts on human and animal health, livelihoods, and economies. Addressing the complex web of interrelated factors leading to zoonotic disease emergence and spread requires a transdisciplinary, cross-sectoral approach, One Health. The One Health approach, which considers the linkages between the health of people, animals, and their shared environment, presents opportunities to reduce these impacts through a more holistic coordinated strategy to understanding and mitigating disease risks. Understanding the linkages between animal, human, and environmental health risks and outcomes is critical for developing early detection systems and risk reduction strategies to address known and novel zoonotic disease threats. Nearly 70 countries across the world, including Ghana, have signed on to the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA), which is facilitating multisectoral approaches to strengthen country capacities in the prevention and early detection of and respond to infectious disease threats. Currently, Ghana has not yet formalized a national One Health policy. The lack of a clearly defined multisectoral platform and limited collaboration among key Ghanaian Ministries, Departments, and Agencies has impacted the country’s ability to effectively mitigate and respond to emerging and reemerging zoonoses. Many of these emerging zoonoses are caused by viruses, which, because of their diversity and evolutionary properties, are perceived to pose the greatest threat to global health security. Here, we review viral zoonoses of national importance and priority in Ghana, highlight recent advancements in One Health capacities, and discuss opportunities for implementing One Health approaches to mitigate zoonotic disease threats.
Postoperative Lead Movement after Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery and the Change of Stimulation Volume
Authors: Göransson Nathanael , Johansson Johannes D. , Wårdell Karin , Zsigmond Peter
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Lead movement after deep brain stimulation may occur and influence the affected volume of stimulation. The aim of the study was to investigate differences in lead position between the day after surgery and approximately 1 month postoperatively and also simulate the electric field (EF) around the active contacts in order to investigate the impact of displacement on affected volume. Methods: Twenty-three patients with movement disorders underwent deep brain stimulation surgery (37 leads). Computed tomography at the 2 time points were co-fused respectively with the stereotactic images in Surgiplan. The coordinates (x, y, and z) of the lead tips were compared between the 2 dates. Eleven of these patients were selected for the EF simulation in Comsol Multiphysics. Postoperative changes of EF spread in the tissue due to conductivity changes in perielectrode space and due to displacement were evaluated by calculating the coverage coefficient and the Sørensen-Dice coefficient. Results: There was a significant displacement (mean ± SD) on the left lead: x (0.44 ± 0.72, p < 0.01), y (0.64 ± 0.54, p < 0.001), and z (0.62 ± 0.71, p < 0.001). On the right lead, corresponding values were: x (−0.11 ± 0.61, ns), y (0.71 ± 0.54, p < 0.001), and z (0.49 ± 0.81, p < 0.05). The anchoring technique was a statistically significant variable associated with displacement. No correlation was found between bilateral (n = 14) versus unilateral deep brain stimulation, gender (n = 17 male), age <60 years (n = 8), and calculated air volume. The simulated stimulation volume was reduced after 1 month because of the perielectrode space. When considering perielectrode space and displacement, the volumes calculated the day after surgery and approximately 1 month later were partly overlapped. Conclusion: The left lead tip displayed a tendency to move lateral, anterior, and inferior and the right a tendency to move anterior and inferior. The anchoring technique was associated to displacement. New brain territory was affected due to the displacement despite considering the reduced stimulated volume after 1 month. Postoperative changes in perielectrode space and small lead movements are reasons for delaying programming to 4 weeks following surgery.
Digital Technologies as a Panacea for Social Isolation and Loneliness among Older Adults: An Intervention Model for Flourishing and Wellbeing
Authors: Amundsen Diana
Published: January 2021

This article explores whether digital communication technologies have applicability in reducing social isolation and loneliness among older adults. Issues of social isolation and loneliness among older adults are important as they are identified risk factors for mortality, disability, cognitive ability, depression and poor wellbeing. This problem is more urgent due to the Covid-19 pandemic which has required older adults to physically and socially distance from family, friends, neighbours, communities and health services. In the context of the present Covid-19 pandemic, this article is of interest to educators, social workers, community service providers, health service practitioners, gerontological scholars involved in preparing older adult communities for present and future traumatic events resulting in socially isolating experiences. The literature identified that use of technology to promote social connection and enhance wellbeing for older adults can be an effective intervention, but more information is needed as to what aspects of such interventions make them effective. This research advocates for improvement in wellbeing and social connectedness of older adults through consideration of interventions through a model for flourishing and wellbeing. The research contributes to our growing understanding of how to change the way we think, feel and act towards older adults, ageing and flourishing.
OHNS Residency Program and Applicant Social Media Presence During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ahmadmehrabi Shadi , Xie Deborah X. , Ward Bryan K. , Bryson Paul C. , Byrne Patrick
Published: January 2021

Objectives:

In addition to clinical and social disruption, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected many aspects of the otolaryngology residency application process. With delays in the 2021 Electronic Residency Applications Service (ERAS) timeline, students and programs have had more time to interact prior to the formal application process. This communication will report recent trends in social media presence by OHNS residency programs, and discuss mechanisms to compensate for decreased applicant-program interactions using social media ahead of the 2021 Match.

Methods:

In a cross-sectional study of the accredited otolaryngology residency programs in the United States, the number of social media profiles on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook from 2009 to 2019 were recorded and compared.

Results:

Most programs (61%) have at least 1 social media profile. Over the past 10 years, the number of programs on social media has increased. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Twitter and Instagram showed higher rates of growth compared to Facebook. With the reduction of in-person opportunities for interactions, both applicants and programs are utilizing social media to showcase their values and their research. Twitter, in particular, also serves as a platform for professional networking.

Conclusion:

Both Twitter and Instagram are growing in popularity among programs and applicants to enhance networking. Social media is a powerful tool for networking and may help compensate for limitations imposed on the residency match process by the COVID-19 pandemic while maintaining professionalism considerations. The impact of social media on the 2021 otolaryngology residency match is an evolving phenomenon.
Picturing Topics Related to Change: Drawing and Its Underlying Elicitation Processes
Authors: Renaud Geneviève , Comeau-Vallée Mariline , Rouleau Linda
Published: January 2021

This article suggests including drawing, a participative visual method, when designing organizational change research. It is based on a comparative analysis of three research protocols that have integrated drawing as a data collection method. Examining how drawing has been used in these studies leads to the identification of four elicitation processes—contextualizing, exemplifying, focusing, and reflecting—by which drawing gives access to data that would be more challenging to collect with conventional research methods alone. The article shows that these processes bring the participants’ emotions, lived experiences, and cultural influences to light in ways that may considerably enrich organizational change research. It ends by providing a set of guidelines on how to employ drawing in triangulation with other data collection methods.
Psychiatric comorbidities and quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment: Risk and protective factors
Authors: Shim In Hee , Choi Chul Won , Bae Dong Sik , Ha Su Hong , Kwon Kyung A , Yoon Tae In , Yi On Vox
Published: January 2021

Objective

The primary goal was to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities and changes in psychological distress levels among breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy (RT). The secondary goal was to determine risk and protective factors for psychiatric comorbidities of these patients.

Methods

From June 2018 to November 2019, patients were recruited from the hospital, Department of Psychiatry. Patients completed baseline surveys after seeing their radiation oncologist and prior to the first treatment, which was scheduled to take place within 7 days (visit 1, baseline); visit 2 occurred within 7 days after RT completion, and visit 3 occurred at 6 weeks after RT completion. A total of 99 patients participated in the study at visit 1; 56 patients completed the study through visit 3.

Results

Although changes in psychiatric comorbidities and overall quality of life were observed in patients with breast cancer prior to, during, and after RT, the differences were not significant among visits. Patients diagnosed with psychiatric comorbidities after RT had exhibited risk factors at previous visits, including preexisting psychiatric comorbidities, functional deterioration, and more severe symptoms related to breast cancer. Based on the results, the psychological characteristics of optimism and resilience can be considered as protective factors for psychiatric comorbidities.

Conclusions

The results suggest that early detection and follow-up of psychological distress and poor quality of life at the onset of RT are of paramount importance, and that psychosocial interventions to enhance protective factors (optimism and resilience) may be helpful.
Levels of Processing Affect Perceptual Features in Visual Associative Memory
Authors: Ovalle-Fresa Rebecca , Uslu Arif Sinan , Rothen Nicolas
Published: January 2021

The levels of processing (LOP) account has inspired thousands of studies with verbal material. The few studies investigating levels of processing with nonverbal stimuli used images with nameable objects that, like meaningful words, lend themselves to semantic processing. Thus, nothing is known about the effects of different levels of processing on basic visual perceptual features, such as color. Across four experiments, we tested 187 participants to investigate whether the LOP framework also applies to basic perceptual features in visual associative memory. For Experiments 1 and 2, we developed a paradigm to investigate recognition memory for associations of basic visual features. Participants had to memorize object–color associations (Experiment 1) and fractal–color associations (Experiment 2, to suppress verbalization). In Experiments 3 and 4, we extended our account to cued recall. All experiments revealed reliable LOP effects for basic perceptual features in visual associative memory. Our findings demonstrate that the LOP account is more universal than the current literature suggests.
Effect of Age on Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Hallux Valgus Surgery
Authors: Goh Graham S. , Tay Adriel You Wei , Thever Yogen , Koo Kevin
Published: January 2021

Background:

The prevalence of hallux valgus increases with age. However, no studies have compared the effectiveness of surgical correction among different age groups. This study investigated the influence of age on clinical and radiological outcomes following hallux valgus surgery.

Methods:

Patients who underwent correction for hallux valgus at an academic hospital were stratified into 3 age groups: younger (<50 years), middle-aged (50-59 years), and older (≥60 years). Functional outcomes and satisfaction questionnaires were collected preoperatively and at 6 months and 2 years postoperatively. Radiological recurrence and reoperations were recorded at follow-up. There were 193 patients (93% female): 34 younger, 74 middle-aged, and 85 older.

Results:

The preoperative hallux valgus angle was significantly greater in older patients ( P < .001). The older group had 3 perioperative complications ( P = .144) and showed a trend toward a longer hospital stay ( P = .083). There was no difference in visual analog scale, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score, or SF-36 among the groups at 6 months or 2 years. Using multiple regression, age was not associated with any outcome score. The satisfaction rates were 82%, 78%, and 83% in the young, middle-aged, and older groups, respectively ( P = .698). There was no difference in the number of reoperations at a mean follow-up of 9.2 ± 2.2 years ( P = .778), and no patients underwent reoperation for recurrent hallux valgus. The risk of recurrence was 5 times higher in older patients compared with younger patients (OR, 5.15; 95% CI, 1.10-24.03; P = .037).

Conclusion:

Age did not influence the perioperative, functional, or subjective outcomes following hallux valgus surgery. However, older patients should be counseled on the higher risk of recurrence following surgical correction.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic, level III, retrospective comparative series.
How and When Relative Leader–Member Exchange (RLMX) Invigorates Attendance at Work Within a Context of LMX Differentiation
Authors: Tremblay Michel , Gaudet Marie-Claude , Parent-Rocheleau Xavier
Published: January 2021

This study examines how, why and when relative leader–member exchange (RLMX) influences absenteeism through the mediating effect of feelings of vigor, and the moderating role of unit-level leader–member exchange differentiation (LMX differentiation). Data collected from a Swiss retailer sample of 486 employees within 52 stores shows that RLMX is positively related to feelings of vigor, whereas feelings of vigor are negatively related to absenteeism. Also, RLMX has a stronger positive effect on vigor when LMX differentiation in the unit is high, and on absenteeism when differentiation in the unit is low. However, we found no evidence that the indirect influence of RLMX on absenteeism through feelings of vigor is moderated by unit-level LMX differentiation. The implications of these findings for research on LMX are discussed.
What Is “Hot” and What Is Not: Thermometers and Fever Control
Authors: Bultas Margaret W. , Wehr Amy
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this article is to review and help identify the advantages and disadvantages of different types of thermometers available for use and to provide guidance on fever education for the otherwise healthy child in the community and school health population. The measurement of body temperature is an essential part of standard medical care that monitors patient status, response to treatment, and helps gauge the severity and progression of disease. There are multiple types of thermometers on the market and each has advantages and disadvantages related to infection control measures, cost, and ease of use. Digital thermometers provide quick accurate results and are cost-effective. However, noncontact forehead, tympanic, or temporal scanner may be a better option for some populations of students. The noncontact forehead scanner may be a better choice when large numbers of students need to be screened. After fever has been identified, parent education should be provided, including when to seek further care and comfort measures such as safe, effective antipyretic usage.
Health education services utilization and its determinants among migrants: a cross-sectional study in urban-rural fringe areas of Beijing, China
Authors: Shao Shuang , Zhang Huirong , Chen Xiaolei , Xu Xiaojingyuan , Zhao Yali , Wang Meirong , Du Juan
Published: January 2021

Background

Domestic migration poses a challenge for China as migrants have little access to preventive healthcare services and are vulnerable to certain risks and diseases. This research sought to unveil and explore the determinant factors associated with health education utilization as a key aspect in basic public health services for migrants in Beijing, China.

Methods

A sample of 863 inter-provincial migrants, 18 years old and above, was selected by three-stage stratified cluster sampling method in urban-rural fringe areas of Beijing during 2016 to 2017. Face-to-face structured interviews were conducted in the questionnaire survey. The effects of the explanatory variables on health education utilization from predisposing, enabling, health behaviors and need variables were used to demonstrate by Anderson health service utilization model.

Results

The study revealed that 61.6% migrants desired to receive health education, while only 53.8% of them received in the past year. There were differences in the utilization and needs of health education among the migrants in different ages and genders. Many migrants desired to gain access to various types of health education information from the internet. Chi-square independence test lists such major determinant factors in migrants whole health education as age, “Hukou” registration system, marital status, education level, long-term residence plan in Beijing, one or more children in Beijing, employment status, housing source, average daily working time, exercises, health knowledge, smoking, self-rated health. The binary logistic regression indicates that the migrants with younger age, high education level, one or more children in Beijing, exercises and good self-rated health were more likely to receive whole health education. The results also show that average daily working time of enabling variables and exercise of health behavior variables were the strong and consistent determinants of three types of health education utilization, including communicable, non-communicable and occupational diseases.

Conclusion

Gaps exist between the needs and utilization in health education and more attention should be given to the migrants with heavy workload and low education level. Feasible policies and measures, such as multiple health information channels, should be vigorously implemented to ensure equitable and easy access to health education for migrants.
Massive intracranial hemorrhage caused by intraventricular meningioma: case report
Authors: Sumi Koichiro , Suma Takeshi , Yoshida Reona , Kajimoto Ryuta , Kobayashi Masato , Katsuhara Takamichi , Hirayama Koki , Tang Xiaoyan , Otani Naoki , Yoshino Atsuo
Published: January 2021

Background

Meningiomas are the most common benign intracranial tumors, and commonly comprise high-vascularizing but slow-growing tumors. On the other hand, meningiomas arising from the ventricular system are of rare occurrence, and spontaneous hemorrhage is an infrequent event.

Case presentation

We describe here the rare clinical manifestations of a 28-year-old female with acute intracranial hemorrhage located in the trigone of the lateral ventricle who was initially thought to have suffered an acute cerebrovascular accident, but was subsequently confirmed to have a benign intraventricular meningioma. To clarify the clinical features of such a rare course of meningioma, we also present a short literature review of acute intracranial hemorrhage caused by intraventricular meningioma.

Conclusions

Ventricular meningioma presenting with hemorrhage such as acute stroke is a rare event, but recognition of such a pathogenesis is important. Although further accumulation of clinical data is needed, we suggest that early surgery should be undertaken in patients with lateral ventricular meningioma, even if it is not so large or asymptomatic.
Suicidal attempt with caffeine overdose treated with dexmedetomidine: a case report
Authors: Kitano Teppei , Okajima Masaki , Sato Koji , Noda Toru , Taniguchi Takumi
Published: January 2021

Background

Caffeine is a widely used dietary stimulant, and cases of caffeine overdoses, sometimes leading to death, are increasing. We encountered a case of caffeine intoxication resolved with administration of the sedative agent dexmedetomidine.

Case presentation

We administered dexmedetomidine for sedation and to suppress sympathetic nerve stimulation in the case of an 18-year-old Japanese male who ingested a massive dose of caffeine with the intention of committing suicide. The patient was in an excited state and had hypertension, sinus tachycardia, and hypokalemia with prominent QT prolongation. After dexmedetomidine administration, the patient’s mental state, hemodynamics, and electrolyte levels were improved immediately. He was discharged without any sequelae 3 days later.

Conclusion

Cases of acute caffeine intoxication with agitation, sympathetic overactivity and adverse cardiac events would benefit with dexmedetomidine treatment.
Characterization of pharmacological properties of methanolic seed and stem bark extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana (BAU Kul) using in-vitro and in-vivo animal (Swiss albino male mice) model
Authors: Akanda Md. Khokon Miah , Hasan A. H. M. Nazmul
Published: January 2021

Background

Ziziphus mauritiana belongs to family of Rhamnaceae, is an improved fast-growing variety of plum and seasonal fruit which is very popular and commonly known as “BAU Kul” in Bangladesh. This study was designed to evaluate the medicinal values of seed and stem bark extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana.

Methods

Antioxidant, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were characterized using in-vitro methods and anti-diarrheal, analgesic and hypoglycemic activities were evaluated in Swiss albino male mice. The coarse powder of the plant parts were extracted with methanol and methanol portion of the extract was evaporated naturally under room temperature. Then the dried plant extracts were undergone for subsequent investigation.

Results

Total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of stem bark extract were higher than seed extract. Both extracts had similar DPPH (IC50 of seed 4.53 μg/ml and stem bark 4.13 μg/ml) and NO (IC50 of seed 5.92 μg/ml and stem bark 5.47 μg/ml) free radicals scavenging potential and seed extract was most cytotoxic (LC50 = 1.467 μg/ml). Stem bark extract showed higher thrombolytic and anti-inflammatory potential, and also exhibited 14 mm zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Stem bark extract showed highest anti-diarrheal (75.68% defecation inhibition, p˂ 0.001), analgesic (68.63%writhing inhibition, p˂0.001) and hypoglycemic activity (44.27% blood glucose reduction after 3 h, p˂0.001) at 400 mg/kg body weight dose.

Conclusion

This study confirms good medicinal properties of selected plant parts. Further studies on isolation and characterization of its bioactive compounds are highly required.
Evaluation of anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory activities of Martynia annua L. Ethanolic extract
Authors: Kaushik Suruj , Jain Parag , Satapathy Trilochan , Purabiya Prerna , Roy Amit
Published: January 2021

Background

Arthritis is a disorder of change in joint architecture and ligament degeneration. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder in which body’s immune system targets own cells and degrade them. Martynia annua L. has been used in Indian traditional therapies for the treatment of epilepsy, many types of inflammations, respiratory infection, sore throat and wound. The objective of the present study was to determine anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of M. annua ethanolic fruit extract.

Methods

The extraction was performed using ethanol as a solvent followed by phytochemical investigation of M. annua ethanolic fruit extract. Antioxidant and anti-hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition activities was performed for the fruit extract. In vivo anti-inflammatory of fruit extract was performed on Calotropis procera latex (CPL) induced paw edema in rats using ibuprofen as standard. Inflammation was observed at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h. In vivo anti-arthritic of fruit extract was performed on Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis was observed at 0, 7, 14 and 21 day. X-Ray study was also performed for inflammatory and arthritic paw of rats.

Results

The qualitative phytochemical screening of fruit extract showed presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids and polysaccharides. The antioxidant activity of fruit extract was 49.1 as compared to standard 45.73 at 100 μl dose. The anti-hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition activity of fruit extract was 84.60 as compared to standard 94.21 at 100 μl dose.

Conclusion

It is evident from the study that Martynia annua L. extract possess both antioxidant and hyalurinodase inhibition activity at dose dependent manner as well as anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential.
The Phenomenon of the Concept of «Scientific School» in the Context of Modern Pedagogical Thought
Authors:   Ukrainian Medical Dental Academy, Sharlay Nataliia
Published: January 2021

The content of the article is to study the phenomenon of the concept of «scientific school» in the context of modern pedagogical thought. It was found that the training of young scientists in scientific schools is an effective pedagogical technology that meets modern requirements for the development of national education and science. It is investigated that the scientific school is an effective model of education, which translates, in addition to purely scientific content, cultural norms and values from the older generation to the younger. It is determined that the scientific school is such a scientific and educational environment where scientific personnel grow intellectually. It is generalized that the scientific school is a bright manifestation of the collective form of scientific and creative activity under the direct ideological and practical guidance of an outstanding scientist and teacher, who contributes scientific ideas to this team, determines the forms, methods and content of school work. Students and followers are a prerequisite for the functioning of a scientific school. Through them there is a transfer of scientific ideas and traditions from one generation to another. An important indicator of the formation of a scientific school is its integration potential, ie the ability to unite like-minded people and followers, to influence the conceptual ideas of representatives of other scientific associations.
Work with the Social Environment of the Family in the Process of Reintegration
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Lytvynova Nataliia
Published: January 2021

The article reveals the method of working with the child's immediate environment, which helps to ensure optimal conditions for reintegration. Partnership between parents, relatives, other important people, social professionals, practical psychologists, specialists and organizations involved affects the overall well-being of the child at different levels of social interaction. The consequences of the specific conditions of keeping and living of orphans and children deprived of parental care in boarding schools, as well as the conditions necessary to achieve the welfare of the child are described. The reintegration of the child should take place as a gradual and controlled process. Constant changes in the conditions of care, forms of placement are detrimental to the child's development, the formation of attachments, so during this process you need to avoid sudden changes and conflicting decisions. The author analyzes the specifics of the process of reintegration of orphans and children deprived of parental care, identifies three levels of social interaction, characteristic of this category of children: sensory-emotional, emotional-social, social-institutional level. In this context, the process of reintegration is to some extent similar to the process of socialization of the individual, which involves the active entry of the individual into all social institutions. The technologies of compiling a map of the social environment are presented, which provides a more detailed, reasonable answer regarding the quality and functioning of the client's social relations; ecomaps, to identify a number of interactions between the client and people related to the client, relevant social institutions, the environment. Based on the analysis of interpersonal connections and relationships, the specialist identifies important and significant people for the child and together with the child explores the possibility of organizing a meeting within the social network, which can be attended by people listed in the map of the social environment.
Introduction of Technology of Social and Professional Self-determination of High School Students in the Conditions of Rural Institutions of General Secondary Education
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Otroshchenko Nataliia , Kamenyuka Liudmyla ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: January 2021

This article substantiates the technology of social and professional self-determination of high school students in a rural institution of general Secondary Education, describes the developed stages and ways of implementing this technology in a meaningful way, shows the experience of implementation, and proves the effectiveness of the technology of social and professional self-determination of high school students. Today, there is an urgent need to create conditions for the formation of an individual educational request among high school students of general secondary education institutions, a personal need to choose professional activities, readiness for professional self-determination and further self-realization in new economic and socio-cultural conditions. The technology of socio-professional self-determination of high school students in the conditions of a rural institution of general secondary education in this study has all the signs of socio-pedagogical technology, which is defined as the most optimal sequence of socio-pedagogical activity, which allows to get a rational result in a specific situation. Work on the introduction of social and professional self-determination technology was carried out at 2 levels: internal school and external school.
Opportunities for Creative Collective Activity in the Prevention of Deviant Behavior of Adolescen
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Syomkina Inna
Published: January 2021

The article investigates the possibilities of creative collective activity in the prevention of deviant behavior of adolescents. During the writing of the scientific work it was noted that the authority for adolescents is the closest circle of communication, the team (classmates, friends, comrades), taking into account the positive role of collective creative activity for the prevention of deviant behavior among adolescents. The definitions of the terms: «prevention», «deviant behavior», «collective creative activity» are given. Three levels of manifestation of deviations are presented: deviant actions, deviant behavior, deviant way of life. The consequences of deviant behavior are determined: social, psychological, behavioral. It is proved that collective creative activity is a way of organizing a bright life filled with work and play, creativity and camaraderie, dreams and joy of life and at the same time the main tool for the prevention of dangerous social phenomena. Because, it is important for a teenager to achieve the realization of the most important social need for self-realization (this is possible with the help of the team); the teenager gets the opportunity to compare their actions with the contribution of others to the common cause of the team; allows the teenager to bring the maximum benefit to the team, to join the common cause in accordance with their own individual interests, inclinations and abilities.
Forms of Psychological and Pedagogical Assistance to Children in Traumatic Situations
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Tovstukha Olesia
Published: January 2021

The article examines the psychological characteristics of children who are traumatized, the main problems that can be observed in children in these situations. from such families, the history of providing psychological and pedagogical assistance in similar situations is considered. During the writing of the research it was noted that the category of children in crisis situations includes the following: children deprived of parental care, children with immoral habits, children with certain phobias (night fears and nightmares, fear of falling asleep, fear of being alone especially in the dark, unwillingness to be without parents, anxiety related to misunderstanding of death, fantasies about "treatment from death", expectations that the dead may return, assault, concern for their responsibility and / or guilt, children with unusually aggressive or reckless behavior, negativism, delinquent behavior, sexual abuse). Organizational and substantive aspects of providing social and psychological assistance to children in traumatic situations are identified. Effective forms of work with a child in crisis are identified (help in mastering experiences, appealing to self-control; help to identify bodily feelings experienced during the event; joint meetings with children and parents to help children share information with parents - how they feel; encouragement to discuss events related to her feelings and realistic vision of what was.
On the Question of the Theoretical Foundations of Social Work with Servicemen (Based on World and Domestic Theories)
Authors:   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Trubavina Iryna , Kalina Kateryna ,   H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Baidala Viktoriia ,   H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University
Published: January 2021

The article for the first time reveals the theoretical foundations of modern social work with servicemen in Ukraine on the basis of analysis of theories of social work, taking into account the peculiarities of military service as a profession, the purpose of social work in the army. The methodology chose an epistemological approach to the study. And the methods for research were: theoretical analysis of sources, concretization, generalization, systematization. The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of comprehensively oriented, psychologically oriented and sociologically oriented theories of social work. The authors on the basis of theoretical analysis of sources, features of military service formulated a list of theories that should be used in the implementation of social work with servicemen. For these theories identified their advantages, capabilities, limits and problem area of application. the theory of help for self-help and the theory of education for social work with servicemen are analyzed. It is shown that there is no universal theory for such social work, their complex is expedient for application in practice of rendering of social services. It is proved that feminist and free-radical theories are not suitable for work with military.
Essential Characteristics of the Process of Media Socialization of Personality
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Chernysh Oleh
Published: January 2021

The article reveals the features, essence and structure of the process of media socialization of the individual; the role of the media in socio-political life, the formation and development of personality. Theoretical aspects and features of functioning of media space, basic principles and reasons of popularity and availability of the Internet are characterized. The essential characteristics of positive and negative features of the process of media socialization of the individual are presented. Types of media socialization are revealed, in particular: spontaneous, relatively directed and socially controlled. The article reflects the characteristics of the mechanisms of media socialization. Particular attention is paid to personal activity as an internal subjective factor of socialization. It is noted that in the media space and the Internet, the individual shows his own activity in relation to the case, the act through the mechanism of self-expression. The development potential of the media space in the context of solving the problems of education of modern youth, the risks of the process of media socialization and communication in social networks is revealed.
Educational Activities of a Teacher from the Point of View of Humanitarian Methodology
Authors:   Municipal Establishment ", Roganova Мarina ,   Kharkiv Humanitarian Pedagogical Academy",   of Kharkiv Regional Council, Yatsenko Victoria ,   Municipal Establishment "Kharkiv Humanitarian Pedagogical Academy" of Kharkiv Regional Council, Onischuk Tatiana ,   Municipal Establishment "Kharkiv Humanitarian Pedagogical Academy" of Kharkiv Regional Council
Published: January 2021

The article examines the issues of educational activity of a modern teacher from the point of view of humanitarian methodology, which is based on the subject-subject relationship of the teacher and the pupil; states that the humanistic position of the educator presupposes the presence of deep knowledge about a person, about the laws of his development, his place in the world around him. The principles of humanitarian pedagogy in the educational activities of higher educational institutions direct the understanding of the teacher both to the students as a whole, and to each individual separately, forms a "soft" apparatus for the differential perception of each student by the teacher, develops pedagogical activity in overcoming situations of misunderstanding, provides the depth of comprehension of each student, brings the teacher closer to solving urgent problems of humanizing the life of young people, forms their life creative competence; it is proved that existential philosophy enriches the educational activity of a teacher with scientific information about a person and the mechanisms of its personal dynamics; synergetics gives an idea of creating a flexible, open dialogue space, in which zones of self-organization of the individual are provided; acmeology helps the teacher to understand the path of a person, as an exit to the heights of creativity, but because of difficulties and overcoming; hermeneutics helps a teacher understand a young person through comprehending the meanings of his behavior.