bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АНАЛІЗ ТА МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЗВОРОТНОХОДОВИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЧІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ШИРОКОЗОННИХ НАПІВПРОВІДНИКОВИХ ПРИЛАДІВ НА ОСНОВІ НІТРИДУ ГАЛІЮ
Authors: АРСЕНЮК ДМИТРО , ЗІНЬКОВСЬКИЙ ЮРІЙ
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the findings from a study on AC-DC power converters, specifically focusing on those where the power element is a gallium nitride (GaN HEMT) based field-effect transistor. Flyback converters are employed in the development of pulsed power supplies, aiming for high efficiency and minimal heat generation, which are key objectives in contemporary power electronics. The study primarily addresses the challenge of switching losses in power transistors at elevated switching frequencies, an area where silicon-based field-effect transistors have nearly reached their developmental zenith.
The incorporation of a wideband power transistor based on gallium nitride in the converter has been shown to enhance device stability by achieving low switching losses. This advancement enables operation at higher frequencies. Additionally, GaN HEMTs exhibit shorter recovery times compared to other power switch types, collectively boosting the energy efficiency of power converters and facilitating a reduction in device size.
A comprehensive computer model of the converter was constructed in the LTSpice XVII, incorporating detailed component parameters. The simulation yielded data on currents and voltages across the GaN transistor, power dissipation in the transistor, and the device's output characteristics. The simulation results indicate a significant reduction in dynamic losses and pulsations on the transistor, coupled with a low level of heat generation. These findings underscore the potential of using wide bandgap devices in the creation of high-frequency energy converters. Such converters are particularly suited for applications requiring compact power sources, such as in small aircraft systems and telecommunication networks.
МЕТОД ВИЯВЛЕННЯ БАГАТОРОТОРНИХ БПЛА ЗАСОБАМИ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ
Authors: ГОРЄЛОВ СЕРГІЙ , БАРМАК ОЛЕКСАНДР , МАНЗЮК ЕДУАРД
Published: December 2024

The escalating deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in various commercial and technical sectors has highlighted the need for robust UAV surveillance, particularly for public safety considerations. In response to this demand, there has been rapid advancement in methods for identifying UAVs. Despite the progress, the diminutive nature of drones, the intricate environments of aerial space, and fluctuating lighting conditions continue to present considerable challenges in this field of study. Addressing these issues, our study introduces an innovative detection approach for small UAVs, utilizing an enhanced version of YOLOv8.
Our strategy involves integrating a high-definition detection module to augment the accuracy of spotting diminutive aerial objects. Concurrently, we streamline the architecture by removing components less critical for larger objects, thereby diminishing the computational load and boosting UAV detection speed. Additionally, the use of the Swin Transformer enables better detection of objects of varying scales and reduces computational complexity. The implementation of the GAM attention module into the network architecture significantly enhances feature assimilation, leading to a noticeable increase in UAV detection efficiency.
Compared to the original baseline model, our proposed method shows substantial improvements, increasing P (precision), R (recall), and mAP (mean average precision) by 9%, 10.2%, and 6% respectively. Furthermore, it significantly optimizes the model and its size by 32,5% and 32,4%. The proposed method, in comparative experiments and experiments with specific datasets, has shown great potential for practical implementation in UAV detection systems, suggesting its feasibility for real-world application.
АЛГОРИТМ ПРОТИДІЇ ФОНОВОЇ ОСВІТЛЕНОСТІ ПІДВИЩЕНОЇ НАДІЙНОСТІ ДЛЯ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ ОСВІТЛЕНОСТІ, СТВОРЮВАНОГО БАКТЕРИЦИДНИМ ОПРОМІНЮВАЧЕМ
Authors: ДОБРОВОЛЬСЬКИЙ ЮРІЙ , ЛІПКА ВОЛОДИМИР
Published: December 2024

У роботі представлено результати розробки цифрової схеми обробки фотосигналу на основі автоматичного регулювання підсилення та надійного алгоритму вимірювання слабкого оптичного сигналу з енергетичною освітленістю на рівні 0,1 мкВт/см2 на довжині хвилі 254 нм, в умовах фонового освітлення фотодіоду сонячним випромінюванням за допомогою відбору лише тієї частки фотоструму, яка генерована за проміжок часу, встановлений відповідним програмним забезпеченням. Показано, що схема забезпечує вимірювання енергетичної освітленості від 0,1 мкВт/см2 при освітленості до 20000 лк, що дозволяє вважати, що запропонована схема є сонячно сліпою, як того вимагають норми вимірювання згаданого випромінювання у медичних закладах. Проведено дослідження надійності роботи схеми та програмного забезпечення, що її підтримує, випробуваннями на безвідмовність. Загальні коливання каліброваного значення енергетичної освітленості протягом 500 годин напрацювання, змінюються від 295 до 310 мкВт/см2, що не перевищує 5,1 %. Ймовірність безвідмовної роботи програмного забезпечення за вісім годин напрацювання склав 94 %.
ІНТЕГРОВАНА СТРАТЕГІЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА
Authors: НІЩАКОВ ІГОР , ХОЛОДЮК ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: December 2024

Інновації виступають ключовим фактором розвитку сільського господарства в Україні та у світі загалом. Глобалізація та динаміка світової економіки вимагають ефективних інноваційних стратегій для забезпечення конкурентоспроможності аграрного сектору України. У статті представлено пошук, аналіз та пропозиції стратегій щодо розвитку сільського господарства в майбутньому з залученням інноваційних рішень.
БЕЗПАРОЛЬНА ТА ОДНОФАКТОРНА АВТОРИЗАЦІЯ КОРИСТУВАЧІВ З ОБМЕЖЕНИМИ НАВИЧКАМИ ДЛЯ ОСВІТНІХ ДИСТАНЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НА ОСНОВІ КОМУНІКАЦІНИХ КАНАЛІВ GSM
Authors: ЯКОВИН СЕРГІЙ , МЕЛЬНИЧУК СТЕПАН , МАНУЛЯК ІРИНА , СЛАБІНОГА МАРІАН
Published: December 2024

Issues of access restriction and user authorization are relevant for almost any information systems. The current situation in school’s education produces a row of challenges related to the necessity of involving into online education primary school students. The mentioned type of users is characterized by inattention, low self-organization, the absence of developed reading and writing skills, etc. The implementation of the distant education in our country was intensified due to the war and quarantine restrictions.
The need to ensure the appropriate level of reliability of data storage, their integrity, quick access, as well as the implementation of convenient user interfaces requires constant improvement of existing and development of new organizational and algorithmic solutions for hardware and software authorization in computer systems.
One of the possible solutions proposed by the authors is using one-time passwords with a limited validity period. The mentioned approach is not new. However, the practical implementation of the authorization algorithm, based on multifactor authorization, involves separated voice exchange channels to obtain a one-time password by the end user. The key aspect of the proposed approach is that the spectrum of such voice messages is distorted by fragments of random signals with controlled information entropy, and this makes it difficult for them to be automatically recognized by digital password interception systems.
During research, several methods were considered regarding the creation and transfer of a one-time password to the user for authorization in the information system. A solution based on using the voice channel of a cellular network is presented. Such an implementation requires usage of additional hardware, in particular a GSM modem, which is appropriate for systems operated within the borders of one country.
The solution based on using the GPRS channel and the corresponding software tools of the landline phone is presented. This implementation requires prior registration of the device in the information system as the initiator of creating a one-time password.
РОЗРОБКА ТРИКОТАЖНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ ЧОХЛА ДЛЯ КУЛЬТІ ТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ ПРОЦЕСУ В’ЯЗАННЯ НА ПАРАМЕТРИ ЙОГО СТРУКТУРИ
Authors: ГАЛАВСЬКА ЛЮДМИЛА , ДУДНИК ІННА , АРАБУЛІ АРСЕНІЙ , КОЛЬЧИК ДЕНИС
Published: December 2024

У статті висвітлено результати досліджень впливу технологічних параметрів процесу в’язання на параметри структури трикотажних матеріалів трубчастої форми, призначених для виготовлення функціональних чохлів для культі. Встановлено характер впливу щільності в’язання, швидкості подачі еластомерної нитки та рапорту її прокладання на довжину нитки в петлі, товщину, поверхневу густину трикотажу та ширину трубки напівфабрикату виробу.
Існує світовий досвід виготовлення трикотажних чохлів для культі з компресійним ефектом. Такі чохли сприяють формуванню культі та зняттю набряку на етапі реабілітації перед протезуванням. Для створення компресії в структуру трикотажного матеріалу вводять еластомерну нитку. Натяг еластомерної нитки й відповідно рівень компресії виробу циліндричної форми регулюється у процесі в’язання шляхом зміни швидкості її подачі у зону в’язання. У ході виконання роботи виготовлено дослідні зразки трикотажних матеріалів з прокладанням еластомерної (резинової) нитки 9,9 текс з подвійним обплетенням поліефірною текстурованою ниткою 4,4 текс у вигляді пресових накидів та протяжок з рапортами 1+1 та 1+3. Ґрунт полотна вироблено гладким платированим переплетенням, де у якості платировочної нитки використано бавовняну пряжу лінійної густини 20 текс, а у якості ґрунтової текстуровану поліамідну нитку 4,4 текс з еластановим сердечником 2,2 текс. У відповідності до існуючих стандартизованих методик визначено параметри структури дослідних зразків трикотажних матеріалів та встановлено характер впливу на них технологічних параметрів в’язання.
Виявлено, що на довжину нитки в петлі впливає заданий параметр щільності в’язання по вертикалі та рапорт прокладання еластомерної нитки. Усі інші досліджувані параметри петельної структури та лінійні виміри трикотажних напівфабрикатів трубчастої форми виявились чутливими до зміни швидкості подачі еластомерної нитки у зону в’язання, щільності  в’язання по вертикалі та рапорту прокладання еластомерної (резинової) нитки в структуру ґрунту трикотажного матеріалу. Встановлені у ході досліджень кореляційні залежності дозволяють проєктувати трикотажні матеріали та вироби трубчастої форми для чохлів із заданими параметрами петельної структури.
ВЕБ-СЕРВІС ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ВАНТАЖНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МЕТОДІВ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ В УМОВАХ ПОВНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ
Authors: ДОБУЛЯК ЛЕСЯ , СОХАН ІГОР , ФУНДАК ЛЕСЯ
Published: December 2024

Have you ever wondered how much it costs to transport a product that you see on the shelves of a store/supermarket every day? After all, any goods are transported by trucks, perhaps even not only within the borders of the country, but also abroad, and in order to be able to do this, companies use both small-sized trucks and large-sized ones to transport as many products as possible in one trip. And this is the right approach, because the fewer trips will be made, the lower will be the fuel costs embedded in any product. What if the truck carrying the goods was not completely full? Potentially, it would be possible to distribute the product in such a way as to fit as many units of the product as possible in one truck, so that the company does not incur some costs. However, this is not always easy to do. Small shops own a small number of minibuses, so they transport only the most necessary goods. However, for the "big players" this is a big problem. These are mostly supermarkets that have several branches in the city or even the country, accordingly, the goods need to be delivered not to one point, but to several. And here the question arises: how to transport goods to several points, while all the necessary goods for each branch in such a way as to reduce transportation costs. However, in addition to fuel, there are many other factors to consider, such as: the capacity of the truck, its carrying capacity, payment to drivers for their services, distance, etc. All these factors together create another problem: how to organize it all correctly so as not to get lost in unnecessary numbers, to concentrate on the main thing and to simplify this process as much as possible?
  The best solution will be to develop a platform that will enable organizations to manage transportation and costs in such a way as to reduce them as much as possible through the correct distribution of goods and minimizing the number of trucks. In order to reduce costs due to the correct distribution of goods on trucks, optimization algorithms NFA, FFA, WFA, BFA were applied to solve the problem of packing into containers. A proprietary SFA algorithm is also proposed, the idea of ​​which is to divide the cargo into several parts, provided that it does not fit completely into the container.
ЯКІСНІ ТА ЧИСЛОВІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НЕЛІНІЙНИХ МАТЕМАТИЧНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ТЕХНІЧНИХ КОЛИВАЛЬНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: ПУКАЧ ПЕТРО , СЛЮСАРЧУК ОЛЬГА , ПУКАЧ ПАВЛО
Published: December 2024

У роботі розглянуті важливі класи одновимірних середовищ, згинальною жорсткістю яких можна знехтувати. Застосувати наближені аналітичні методи побудови розв’язків у математичних моделях динамічних процесів у них не вдається. Тому тут дано обґрунтування існування та єдиності розв’язків; проведено якісну їх оцінку; на базі чисельного аналізу підтверджено наведене вище та проаналізовано особливості динамічних процесів деяких із розглядуваних класів систем.
In this paper, we consider important classes of one-dimensional media whose bending stiffness can be neglected. It is not possible to apply approximate analytical methods for constructing solutions in mathematical models of dynamic processes in these cases. Therefore, the existence and uniqueness of solutions are substantiated here; their qualitative evaluation is carried out; on the basis of numerical analysis, the above is confirmed and the peculiarities of dynamic processes of some of the classes of systems under consideration are analysed. The technique allows not only prove the correctness of the model solution, but also has an opportunity in its study to apply various approximate methods.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МЕХАНІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ МЕТОДАМИ СТРУКТУРНОЇ МЕХАНІКИ
Authors: ЧОЛАК ІРИНА
Published: December 2024

Using the finite element method, a number of experiments were conducted to study the mechanical properties of PE-CNT nanocomposites with an arbitrary arrangement of functionalized CNTs in the polymer matrix depending on the volume fraction and the length of the reinforcing elements. The used properties of nanocomposite's components were obtained by the way of molecular dynamic modeling of pure polyethylene and CNT. It was established that in the case when the CNT length does not exceed the dimensions of a representative element volumes, the evaluation of the effective values of the mechanical properties of PE-CNT nanocomposites with different volume fractions of CNTs using different methods gives convergent results: the difference between at α=0.69 % is 0.1 %, and at α=2.06 % – 0.8 %. For long CNTs that cross the boundaries of representative element volumes, the used methods give a much larger difference between the obtained values: at α=1.25 % it is 9.5 %, and at α=3.75 % – 18.2 %. The theoretical dependences of Voight and Reuss were used for operational forecasting of the effective values of the elastic modulus. It has been determined that the Reuss analytical dependence can be used to quickly predict the elastic modulus of PE-CNT nanocomposites with short CNT reinforcement. A comparison of the obtained values with the results of molecular dynamic modeling of PE-CNT nanocomposites with a CNT volume fraction of α≤2.08 % showed that the functionalization of short CNTs in the PE-CNT nanocomposite does not lead to an increase in the elastic modulus that may be related to by a significant decrease in the elastic modulus of functionalized CNTs by more than two times. It was determined that reinforcement with long CNTs contributes to an increase in the elastic modulus by 14.8 % with a volume fraction of CNTs smaller by 0.81 % due to the presence of vacancies that appear in the structure of CNTs during their functionalization and significantly affect the properties of short CNTs than long.
ОЦІНКА МЕХАНІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ВІДНОВЛЕНИХ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ТА ЇХНЬОЇ ДОВГОВІЧНОСТІ
Authors: ЗЕНКІН МИКОЛА , РЕМЕЗОВСЬКИЙ ОЛЕГ , ШОСТАЧУК ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: December 2024

In the fast-paced world of printing technology, the durability and reliability of critical components are paramount to maintaining productivity and reducing downtime. This article delves into the field of extending the life of these vital elements using innovative technological methods.
The article opens with a recognition of the challenges faced by the printing industry in the face of continuous technological developments and environmental concerns. The need for sustainable practices has become a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, and part reconditioning is a prime example of this commitment. By applying advanced technologies to remanufacture and improve the mechanical properties of used components, manufacturers can significantly reduce the waste and resource consumption associated with producing new parts. This benefits the environment and results in cost savings for both businesses and consumers.
The article goes on to detail the various process methods used to breathe new life into these components. It describes how surface treatments, such as thermal spraying, can restore worn surfaces and give them improved characteristics such as corrosion resistance and increased hardness. These processes are carefully applied to ensure that the remanufactured parts match and often exceed their original counterparts performance. The focus is on precision and quality, as even the slightest deviation can impact the printing equipment's overall efficiency.
In addition, each remanufactured part is thoroughly tested and evaluated to ensure its durability. This includes a series of mechanical and physical tests that thoroughly check the parts' strength, wear resistance, and dimensional stability. Only after passing these rigorous tests can the part be deemed suitable for reintegration into the machine, ready to stand the test of time again.
The practical implications of the study extend to the printing industry, where the cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability of such methods can significantly impact the economic viability and competitiveness of companies. By focusing on the remanufacturing of wearing parts, the article addresses the industry's need for innovative solutions that preserve the value of equipment investments while meeting increasing demands for product quality and productivity.
ARCHITECTURE MODEL OF THE GAS METERING VIRTUAL POINTS AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Authors: POLATAIKO IHOR
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the research into the architectural model for an automated gas metering system based on the concept of virtual points of gas metering, which is an abstraction layer above physical gas metering devices providing possibilities for great automation and optimization as well as flexibility and precision in the domain of centralized gas metering. The primary objective of the research is to design an optimal architectural model that satisfies the requirements and constraints of the system's conceptual model. This study delves into the process and describes the result of architectural model creation by covering the following aspects: defining system components and their responsibilities, assigning behaviors to the components, defining cross-component and external interactions, designing data models as well as providing API and communication solutions. Additionally, the research also focuses on the basic external interactions and infrastructure considerations necessary for the operation of the automated system. A significant portion of the research is dedicated to addressing specific challenges inherent in gas metering automation. These challenges include the prediction of gas calorific values, determining the temperature at the points of gas consumption, and the calculation of monthly gas usage in kilowatt-hours. By addressing these issues, the research ensures that the architectural model is completed and includes solutions for the domain problems at the scale of the architecture. The solutions proposed for these challenges are integrated into the overall architectural model, providing a robust framework for future research into the topic as well as a basement for the implementation of an accurate and efficient centralized gas metering automation system. Some of the solutions developed during the research lay on the line between software architecture and user experience design. Also, the research scope includes the infrastructural model required for the automated system to function optimally. This includes encompasses both infrastructure-centric and application-centric models, presenting different viewpoints on the reference infrastructure for the optimal system operation.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРИВОДА ВИРІЗНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ ДЛЯ ВИВАНТАЖЕННЯ СИЛОСУ ІЗ ТРАНШЕЙНИХ СХОВИЩ
Authors: РУТКЕВИЧ ВОЛОДИМИР , ШАРГОРОДСЬКИЙ СЕРГІЙ , ОСТАПЕНКО ОЛЕКСІЙ
Published: December 2024

The issue of efficiency improvement is under consideration unloading of stem fodder from trench storages, by development of the cutting mechanism to the front loader and justification of its drive. The technical solution of the drive i provided and theoretically substantiated cutting mechanism to the front loader. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing drives of mechanisms for cutting and unloading are indicated stem fodder from trench storages.
It is noted that significant unbalanced forces of inertia arising during the operation of the knife of the cutting mechanism cause vibration of the working body and the entire loader. Reduction of inertial forces is possible when additional counterweights are installed on the links of the drive mechanism of the cutting body, but this will lead to a significant increase in pressure in the kinematic pairs, which reduces the durability and reliability of the knife drive mechanism.
Proposed options for increasing the efficiency of the drive cutting mechanism. It is necessary to lighten the mass of the structure use the minimum possible number of links, as well as for increasing reliability it is necessary to get rid of flexible connections such as chain and belt transmissions.
You can also increase the efficiency of the drive of the cutting mechanism by simultaneously moving two knives. A very important task is to create a balanced mechanism for the maximum reduction of the vibration of the notch mechanism with a front loader and premature wear of parts. Therefore, the most effective use of self-balancing mechanisms.
Based on theoretical studies of drive kinematics and dynamics of the cutting mechanism, the development trends of this drive are outlined, which will ensure an improvement in the quality of execution by the working body of the technological process of removing fodder from trench storages and reduce dynamic load on the drive.
КОМП'ЮТЕРНИЙ МОДУЛЬ ДЛЯ АНІМАЦІЇ РУХУ ШАТУННО-ПОВЗУНКОВОЇ ГРУПИ ПРОГРАМИ KDAM ПРИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КІНЕМАТИЧНИХ ТА ДИНАМІЧНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ
Authors: ЩЕРБАНЬ ВОЛОДИМИР , МЕЛЬНИК ГЕННАДІЙ , ГОЛЬДБЕРГ МАР’ЯНА , КИРИЧЕНКО АНТОН , ЩЕРБАНЬ ЮРІЙ
Published: December 2024

The development of new schemes of the thread feeding system requires an operational assessment of the value of the tension in front of the working zone. The objective function in the tasks of optimizing technological processes is the minimum necessary tension. The development of special computer programs for determining the tension in the working area makes it possible to determine the necessary technological parameters. The variable parameter in the objective function is the sum of the angles of coverage of the working bodies by the thread. The use of a computer program allows you to determine the tension and change in relative tension in the filling zones of technological machines, which allows you to optimize the shape of the thread supply line even at the stage of designing the technological process. A computer module was developed for the animation of the movement of the connecting rod-slider group, which is a component of the KDAM program for determining the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the connecting rod-slider group of the mechanisms of textile and light industry machines, which allows at the preliminary design stage to visually evaluate the behavior of individual links of the connecting rod mechanism of the slider group and determine the coordinates, projections of velocities and accelerations of the center of mass of the connecting rod, the slider and the points of attachment of the links of the Asura groups on the connecting rod.
The KDAM program is a structural element of a computer software complex for assessing the intensity of technological processes in the light and textile industry when determining the change in the relative tension of the thread in the filling zones on the technological equipment. Kinematic and dynamic analysis of flat mechanisms plays a significant role in the design of new mechanisms and modernization of existing ones. The results obtained during these studies can be used to calculate the strength of individual links, their inertial characteristics, optimization of structural parameters of mechanisms, and minimization of consumed energy. The computer module of the KDAM program for determining the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the connecting rod-slider group of mechanisms of light industry machines allows you to determine the coordinates, projections of velocities and accelerations of the center of mass of the connecting rod, slider and the point of attachment of the links of the Asura groups on the connecting rod. During the dynamic analysis of the operation of the connecting rod-slider group, the projections of the full reaction in the joints between the crank and the connecting rod, between the connecting rod and the slider, and between the slider and the fixed guide are determined.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРГІЇ ПРИ ЗНИЖЕНОМУ СТРУМІ ЧЕРЕЗ ВУЗОЛ ОБЛІКУ
Authors: ВАСИЛЕЦЬ СВЯТОСЛАВ , ВАСИЛЕЦЬ КАТЕРИНА , ІЛЬЧУК ВОЛОДИМИР
Published: December 2024

Обґрунтовано математичну модель для оцінювання невизначеності вимірювання електроенергії при зниженому струмі через вузол обліку. Встановлено, що на точність обліку трифазним лічильником трансформаторного ввімкнення впливають характеристики кожного з вимірювальних каналів, що відповідають фазам. Запропоновано для оцінювання невизначеності вимірювання електроенергії використовувати нечітку функцію, аргументами якої є фазні струми споживача. Реалізація моделі у вигляді комп’ютерної програми дозволяє удосконалити програмне забезпечення смарт лічильників електроенергії.
 
The object of the study is the process of electricity measurement by a three-phase metering unit, which includes an electricity meter and measuring current transformers in 0.38 kV distribution networks. The subject of the study is the uncertainty of electricity measurement at a reduced current through the metering unit. The aim of the research is to increase the accuracy of electricity measurement by a smart meter due to the development of a mathematical model for estimating the uncertainty of measurement at reduced current through the metering unit. During the research, the theory of fuzzy sets, methods of polynomial approximation, in particular, the method of least squares, the method of minimizing the Chebyshev norm of the discrepancy were used. As a result of the study, a mathematical model was obtained for estimating the uncertainty of electricity measurement by the metering unit in the reduced load mode using a fuzzy function. The model differs from the known ones by taking into account the influence of the values ​​of asymmetric currents of the load phases at the boundaries of the fuzzy interval at the limit level of confidence that characterizes the measurement result. A method of calculating the parameters of the fuzzy function and the limit level of confidence for the metering unit of a specific configuration has been developed, which involves evaluating the deviations of the readings of the transformer connection meter from the readings of the additional direct connection meter. The model is implemented as a computer program. Based on the current meter readings, which are read automatically, the largest amount of underaccounting is calculated. This makes it possible to provide the consumer with recommendations on the modernization of the metering unit equipment, in particular, the replacement of current transformers, in order to bring their transformation ratio into compliance with the actual load currents and, accordingly, work in the normalized range.
PENENTUAN JARAK KRITIS BAUT PADA SAMBUNGAN BAMBU GOMBONG (GIGANTOCHLOA PSEUDOARUNDINASEA) BERDASARKAN KUAT GESER DAN KUAT TUMPU BAMBU
Authors: Astuti Masdar  , Indri Febriani  , Sutria Desman  , Anita Dewi Masdar  , Ronny Junnaidy
Published: December 2024

Bambu merupakan material konstruksi ramah lingkungan yang mempunyai peluang besar untuk dikembangkan pada bangunan hijau. Kondisi ini dikarenakan bambu memiliki kharakteristik mekanik yang baik. Meskipun demikian, penggunaan bambu belum dapat dimaksimalkan karena sedikitnya informasi terkait desain struktur bambu termasuk geometri dari sambungannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan jarak kritis baut pada sambungan bambu Gombong (Gigantochloa Pseudoarundinasea). Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental berdasarkan standar ISO N22157. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat nilai rata-rata kadar air Bambu Gombong  memenuhi persyaratan pengujian kuat geser dan kuat tumpu yaitu kadar air < 15%. Nilai kuat geser rata-rata Bambu Gombong sebesar 5,89 MPa. Sedangkan rata-rata kuat tumpu Bambu Gombong adalah sebesar 36,47 MPa. Berdasarkan nilai kuat geser dan kuat tumpu dilakukan analisis terkait jarak baut pada sambungan bambu dan didapatkan jarak kritis baut pada sambungan Bambu Gombong dari ujung batang bambu tanpa ruas ke baut adalah sekitar 4,27 D atau 4,27 kali diameter baut. Hasil penelitian ini sangat penting sekali sebagai dasar dalam desain struktur sambungan bambu yang menggunakan baut sebagai alat sambungnya.
KUAT GESER CLAY SHALE AKIBAT VARIASI KADAR AIR
Authors: Norhadi Ahmad , Akhmad Marzuki  , Nur Alisa Ramadhania
Published: December 2024

Sebagian besar jenis tanah di Kota Batulicin Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan adalah clay shale yang berada di permukaan tanah sampai kedalaman tertentu. Pada lapisan tanah terbuka Clay shale memiliki potensi negatif sebagai perisai alami yang menghalangi pergerakan air sehingga menyebabkan permasalahan drainase dan banjir. Selain itu clay shale dapat menyebabkan pergerakan tanah yang tidak stabil ketika mengalami perubahan volumetrik akibat perubahan tekanan, kelembaban atau kadar air sehingga terjadi penurunan kuat geser. Dalam rangka mengetahui nilai kuat geser tersebut telah dilakukan pengujian sifat fisis dan mekanis di laboratorium akibat perubahan kadar air. Pengujian tersebut dilakukan dengan membuat 4 (empat) sampel rekonstruktif lolos saringan No 4 dengan kadar air alami (Wn) untuk undisturbed sample (UDS) dan 2Wn, 3Wn dan kadar air pada batas cair (WLL) untuk sampel rekonstruktif yang diuji dengan pengujian geser langsung dan kuat tekan bebas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peningkatan kadar air dari kadar air alami (Wn) akan menurunkan nilai berat volume, sudut geser dalam, kuat geser undrained dan kohesi undrained. Sementara peningkatan kadar air sampai 3Wn akan meningkatkan nilai kohesi dan akan mengalami penurunan jika peningkatan kadar air lebih besar dari 3Wn.
PERBANDINGAN ANGGARAN BIAYA ANTARA RUMAH KONVENSIONAL DENGAN RUMAH TEKNOLOGI RUSPIN
Authors: Aunur Rafik  , Cahyani Rinova Firman , Hery Kiswanto
Published: December 2024

Rumah Unggul Sistem Panel Instan (RUSPIN) merupakan rumah knock down dengan sistem modular berbahan panel beton yang praktis dan pengerjaannya memerlukan waktu lebih singkat dibanding rumah konvensional. Rumah RUSPIN dapat digunakan sebagai hunian kedaruratan bencana dan untuk memenuhi tingginya kebutuhan rumah layak huni. Berdasarkan data gambar kerja, data lapangan, SNI, dan harga satuan barang dan upah, kemudian dihitung dan dibandingkan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) pembangunan rumah tipe 36 menggunakan metode konvensional dan metode teknologi RUSPIN untuk diketahui mana yang lebih efisien dari segi biayanya. Rencana anggaran biaya untuk pembangunan rumah tipe 36 metode konvensional sebesar Rp.131.620.366 sedangkan menggunakan teknologi RUSPIN sebesar Rp.140.230.969. Selisih anggaran biaya sebesar Rp.8.610.604 atau 6,54% lebih murah menggunakan metode konvensional.
MODELING THE RULES AND CONDITIONS FOR CONDUCTING PRE-ELECTION DEBATES
Authors: Bekmanova G.T. , Yergesh B.Zh. , Yelibayeva G.K. , Omarbekova A.S. , Martin S.
Published: December 2024

This research, funded under the project AP19679847 “Development of methods for the analysis of the Kazakh political discourse”, focuses on developing advanced techniques for analyzing political discourse on social networks in the Kazakh language. This article presents a comprehensive analysis and formalization of the process of conducting pre-election debates the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan, based on official rules and conditions. The study highlights the interdisciplinary nature of political discourse analysis on social media, integrating knowledge from politi-cal and social sciences, as well as computer science.
Particular attention is paid to the creation of an ontological model of election debates using the Protégé and RDF system to structure knowledge about the de-bates. This made it possible to identify key actors, their relationships and create the basis for the development of sentiment analysis tools on election topics. The model focuses on answering key questions related to the organization and conduct of debates, making it a valuable tool for optimizing political strategies and improving the effectiveness of election campaigns in the future.
Terrorkultur
Authors: Stojek Nicolas
Published: December 2024

Accelerationist terrorism aims to accelerate the collapse of societies through acts of terrorism. The right-wing extremist attackers from Christchurch and Halle belong to this movement. This book recognises these terrorists as part of a growing milieu and examines the strategies of accelerationist terrorists. Finally, it offers an outlook on what may lie ahead for Western societies.
Dimenze budoucnosti – historická a nová Evropa
Authors: Kurt Biedenkopf
Published: December 2024

Dimension of the Future – A Historic and New Europe
Střední Evropa padesát let po druhé světové válce
Authors: Otto Pick
Published: December 2024

Central Europe Fifty Years after World War II
Posuny britských bezpečnostních zájmů po skončení studené války
Authors: Jiří Šedivý
Published: December 2024

Shifts of British Security Interests after the Cold War
Ekonomická a vnitropolitická situace Ruska a jeho zahraniční politika
Authors: Václav Kotyk
Published: December 2024

The Economic and Political Situation in Russia and its Foreign Policy
Rusko – velmoc jako každá jiná
Authors: Petr Luňák
Published: December 2024

Russia – Great Power Like Any Other
PELANGGARAN PERATURAN KEUANGAN,TEKANAN KEUANGAN,KINERJA KEUANGANDAN PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN: SINYAL PERUSAHAAN UNTUK MENDAPATKAN KEPERCAYAAN PEMANGKU KEPENTINGAN
Authors: Africano Fernando , Parlindungan Ricardo
Published: December 2024

The disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the duty of an enterprise , it is worth to be known which factors affecting CSR disclosure.This study empirically examined the related theory of CSR with the data about CSR disclosure of non financial companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) .Variables used in the research are violation of financial regulations, financial distress andfinancial performanceto disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR).This research used quantitative method with secondary data. The secondary data obtained from Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).The testing done with with SPSS.The results shown that the financial distress affected CSR to CSR disclosure
PENGARUH PERAN KONSULTAN PAJAK TERHADAP PENERAPAN SELFT ASSESMENT SYSTEM TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK (Studi Kasus Pada Wajib Pajak Badan Pada KPP Pratama Ilir Timur Palembang)
Authors: Basuki Rahmad
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research on the role of tax consultants in the self assessment system on taxcompliance (case studies on corporate taxpayers in KPP East Ilir Palembang ) is todetermine the effect of a tax consultant role to the knowledge of the taxpayer, the taxpayer'sperception of justice and tax compliance. This study also aimed to determine the effect ofknowledge and perceptions of fairness taxpayer taxpayers on tax compliance. This studywas conducted using quantitative research and analysis using simple and multiple linearregression, in which the role of tax consultants are independent variables, while theknowledge of the taxpayer, the taxpayer perceptions of fairness and tax compliance as thedependent variable.This study uses the entire population of companies that use the services of a tax consultantin South Sumatra, while the data collection is done by the method of literature review,questionnaire by the respondents as well as documentation for further studies discussionand analysis. The results showed that the variable role of tax consultants have a significantinfluence on the knowledge of the taxpayer, taxpayer fairness perceptions, and taxpayercompliance registered in KPP East Ilir Palembang.The results also showed that by the variable knowledge taxpayer has a significant influenceon tax compliance is registered in KPP East Ilir Palembang.Variabel taxpayer fairnessperceptions have a significant influence on tax compliance is registered in KPP East IlirPalembang.Variabel role of tax consultants, knowledge taxpayer, and the taxpayer'sperception of fairness simultaneously (together) have a significant effect on tax compliance isregistered in KPP East Ilir Palembang.
Mapping Subsurface and Surface Characteristics of the Recent Pesanggrahan Landslide, Central Java, Indonesia, for Landslide Hazard Management
Authors:   Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, Purnamasari Anastasia Neni Candra , Hartantyo Eddy ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, Sartohadi Junun ,   Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, Hafazhah Hazqial ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Regions prone to deep landslides are characterized by thick materials exceeding 10 m and frequent natural disasters. This research aims to analyze the recent occurrence of Pesanggrahan landslide in Central Java, Indonesia, which is a region consisting of both settlements and rice fields. Surface mapping was conducted using aerial photos and direct field observations. Additionally, subsurface conditions to identify the unconsolidated material layers below the landslide surface have been analyzed using the seismic refraction method. The primary velocity (Vp) values are represented in 2D subsurface cross sections. Differences in Vp values corresponded to different geological layers. There were four distinct layers: Top Soil (TS), Clay (CL), Weathered Bedrock (WB), and Tuff Breccia (TB) within the 2D seismic refraction cross-section with Vp values ranging from 150 to 1,800 m/s. The ranges of Vp are: 150-600 m/s for Top Soil (TS), 600-1,200 m/s for Clay (CL), 1,200-1,800 m/s for Weathered Bedrock (WB), and values exceeding 1,800 m/s for Tuff Breccia (TB). The material layer is critical for sustainable land management strategies aimed to control landslides. Furthermore, the potential depth of the sliding plane was managed through effective environmental management practices, including proper disposal of household waste and minimizing the cutting of steep slopes.
Management of glucocorticoid-induced diabetes
Authors: Oğuz Seda Hanife
Published: December 2024

Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes (GID) is a frequent metabolic complication of glucocorticoid therapy. It results from both insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, exacerbated by glucocorticoid use. Despite its prevalence, consensus guidelines on screening and management remain limited. GID affects approximately one in five patients receiving long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Risk factors include older age, high BMI, prediabetes, ethnicity, and high-dose systemic glucocorticoids. All patients initiated on moderate to high doses of glucocorticoids should be assessed for GID risk factors and closely monitored for the development of hyperglycemia and diabetes. In addition, glucocorticoid therapy can significantly exacerbate hyperglycemia in individuals with pre-existing diabetes, and stringent glucose monitoring is crucial. Treatment should be tailored to individual patient. Oral anti-diabetics such as metformin and sulfonylureas might be used in selected patients with mild GID. However, insulin is the primary treatment for severe hyperglycemia. Early detection and individualized management strategies are critical to mitigate GID’s impact. Further research is needed to develop consensus guidelines and optimize treatment approaches.
Glucocorticoid toxicity index
Authors: Kaymaz Tahra Sema , Bahap Kara Melda
Published: December 2024

The Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index (GTI) is a glucocorticoid-related toxicity measurement tool which was recently developed by an international expert panel. GTI can be calculated with two different methods: Cumulative Worsening Score (CWS) and Aggregate Improvement Score (AIS). The total glucocorticoid-related toxicity during follow-up can be calculated with CWS. All parameters that develop over time continue to be included, and a decrease in the CWS is not possible. On the contrary, both increase and decrease in toxicity can be assessed in scoring with the AIS method. A drug that reduces glucocorticoid toxicity should be able to reduce the AIS score. Cumulative glucocorticoid dose was found to be associated with higher GTI scores in studies. Although not all glucocorticoid-related toxicities can be covered, parameters that are common, dynamic, and more likely to be glucocorticoid-related are included in GTI. GTI has some limitations such as the possibility of not detecting chronic damage, the difficulty in interpreting the score in the patients who have already sterted the glucocorticoid treatment, some parameters requiring direct interaction with the patient, and difficulty in calculation.
The use of glucocorticoids in Behçet’s disease
Authors: Deniz Rabia , Bes Cemal
Published: December 2024

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disorder characterized by episodic involvement of multiple systems, including mucocutaneous, ocular, vascular, gastrointestinal, joint, and neurological domains. Glucocorticoids (GC) play a pivotal role in managing BD, especially during acute flares and severe organ involvement. This review highlights the tailored use of GC across various manifestations of BD. For mucocutaneous lesions, topical GC are effective, where as short-term low-dose systemic GC are reserved for colchicine-resistantcases. In ocular BD, systemic GC are in dispensable for sight-threatening conditions, often combined with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biologics to minimize GC dependency. In vascular involvement, particularly pulmonary artery aneurysms, high-dose or pulse GC are essential to control vessel wall inflammation, often alongside immunosuppressive agents like cyclophosphamide. Neurological BD necessitate surgent high-dose GC therapy, complemented by DMARDs for sustained control. Joint involvement can be managed with intraarticular GC, reducing systemic exposure. In gastrointestinal BD, GC use is limited due to potential mucosal irritation, with biologics and DMARDs serving as adjunctive options. Across all manifestations, GC tapering is prioritized to mitigate adverse effects, while combination therapy with DMARDs or biologics ensures comprehensive disease control. This comprehensive review underscores the critical role of GC in BD management, advocating for individualized treatment strategies to balance efficacy and safety.
Differences in glucocorticoid use in childhood vasculitis
Authors: Ünal Dilara , Bilginer Yelda
Published: December 2024

This review aimed to explore the differences in glucocorticoid use across various subtypes of childhood vasculitis, focusing on their effectiveness, potential side effects, and tapering strategies to minimize toxicity. A comprehensive review was conducted to evaluate the clinical applications of glucocorticoids in pediatric vasculitis subtypes. Recommendations from recent studies and guidelines were assessed, focusing on glucocorticoid protocols for conditions such as IgA vasculitis, Kawasaki disease, polyarteritisnodosa, ANCA-associated vasculitis, and Takayasu arteritis. Glucocorticoid tapering strategies and toxicity indices, such as the Pediatric Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index (pGTI), were also analyzed. Glucocorticoid use varied across vasculitis subtypes. For IgA vasculitis, mild cases were managed with oral prednisolone, while severe nephritis required intravenous methylprednisolone and immunosuppressants. In Kawasaki disease, corticosteroids were used for refractory cases alongside IVIG and aspirin. Severe polyarteritis nodosa cases showed better outcomes with cyclophosphamide and high-dose glucocorticoids, whereas non-severe cases benefitted from low-dose glucocorticoids and NSAIDs. ANCA-associated vasculitis studies reported no significant correlation between glucocorticoid dose and outcomes, although side effects were dose-dependent. In Takayasu arteritis, children generally received lower doses than adults, based on adult treatment guidelines. The pGTI was highlighted as a valuable tool to monitor and assess glucocorticoid toxicity in pediatric patients. Glucocorticoids remain a cornerstone of treatment in pediatric vasculitis, but their use must be carefully tailored to balance efficacy and toxicity. Early tapering and transitioning to alternative therapies, when feasible, are critical to minimizing adverse effects.
Revolutionary Constitutions: The History, Economocracy, and Cycle of Money in the Formation of Greek Independence
Authors: Challoumis Constantinos
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the three revolutionary constitutions of Greece: Epidaurus (1822), Astros (1823), and Troizina (1827). The study explores the influence of Enlightenment ideas and foreign constitutions on these foundational documents, highlighting their role in shaping the political, social, and legal framework of the newly established Greek state. Key differences in legislative procedures, emphasis on individual versus civil rights, and the evolution from provisional governance to a more structured state are examined. The paper also considers the potential application of economocracy and the cycle of money as innovative economic tools in the context of 19th-century Greece, illustrating how these concepts could have addressed the economic challenges of the era.
Road Accident Prediction
Authors: Soham Raj Jain
Published: December 2024

Road accidents are a global concern, leading to a significant loss of life and property. This paper presents a machine learning-based approach for predicting road accidents by leveraging feature engineering techniques and advanced Ran- dom Forest models. Using enriched datasets with preprocessing methods, the proposed model achieves a predictive accuracy of over 92%. This study also explores key insights from accident data, providing actionable outcomes to improve road safety measures.