bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased genetic risk for β-cell failure is associated with β-cell function decline in people with prediabetes
Authors: K. Billings Liana , A. Jablonski Kathleen , Pan Qing , W. Franks Paul , B. Goldberg Ronald , Hivert Marie-France , E. Kahn Steven , C. Knowler William , G. Lee Christine , Merino Jordi , Huerta-Chagoya Alicia , M. Mercader Josep , Raghavan Sridharan , Shi Zhuqing , Srinivasan Shylaja , Xu Jianfeng , C. Florez Jose , S. Udler Miriam
Published: May 2024

Partitioned polygenic scores (pPS) have been developed to capture pathophysiologic processes underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the influence of T2D pPS on diabetes-related traits and T2D incidence in the Diabetes Prevention Program. We generated five T2D pPS (β-cell, proinsulin, liver/lipid, obesity, lipodystrophy) in 2,647 participants randomized to intensive lifestyle, metformin or placebo arms. Associations were tested using general linear models and Cox regression adjusted for age, sex, and principal components. Sensitivity analyses included adjustment for BMI. Higher β-cell pPS was associated with lower insulinogenic index and corrected insulin response at one year follow-up adjusted for baseline measures (effect per pPS standard deviation (SD) -0.04, P=9.6 x 10-7; -8.45 uU/mg, P=5.6 x 10-6, respectively) and with increased diabetes incidence adjusted for BMI at nominal significance (HR 1.10 per SD, P=0.035). The liver/lipid pPS was associated with reduced one-year baseline-adjusted triglyceride levels (effect per SD -4.37, P=0.001). There was no significant interaction between T2D pPS and randomized groups. The remaining pPS were associated with baseline measures only. We conclude that despite interventions for diabetes prevention, participants with a high genetic burden of the β-cell cluster pPS had worsening in measures of β-cell function.
Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in Patients with Psoriasis: A Nationwide Population-based Study
Authors: Huh Gene , Kim Dongjun , Lee Kyu-na , Han Kyungdo , Cho Jung-Hae
Published: May 2024

An association between psoriasis and cancer risk has been suggested in prior studies, but few have focused on head and neck cancers. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, the relevance between psoriasis and head and neck cancer risks was investigated in a cross-sectional study of 3,869,264 individuals over 20 years of age, who received general health examination in 2009 and were followed until 2020. Head and neck cancer incidence rates were compared between individuals with and without psoriasis, and contributing factors were analysed. The head and neck cancer risk was significantly increased in the psoriasis group compared with the non-psoriasis group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.74; p = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, income, smoking, alcohol, exercise, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. The risk was especially elevated for nasopharyngeal (HR 2.04; 95% CI 1.12–3.70; p = 0.02) and salivary gland cancer (HR 1.96; 95% CI 1.08–3.56; p = 0.03). Alcohol consumption significantly influenced the risk, particularly for oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancer. Our study provides insights into the potential risks of head and neck cancer in patients with psoriasis, which could aid in refining patient management strategies.
Physiological Analysis of Calyx Growth and Yield Analysis in Roselle (Hibiscus subdariffa L.)
Authors: Deshmukh D. V. , Wagh R. S.
Published: May 2024

The study conducted during the month of July to November, 2022 aimed to evaluate the roselle (Hibiscus subdariffa) genotypes suitable for calyx yield. Five roselle genotypes were evaluated in four replications for physiological analysis of calyx growth and it’s biochemical status under rainfed condition. The actual and effective growth and lag periods for calyx growth ranged between 33 and 37, 15.00 and 21.82, 11.93 and 22.36 days, respectively. Genotype AHC-1 required lower actual growth period, lag period and longer effective growth period. The genotype, HSLC-1 recorded minimum plant height, higher number of leaves, number of branches and number of fruits and maintained higher fresh and dry weight of calyx productivity. Genotype, AHC-1 was superior for maintaining fresh and dry weight of calyx, volume of calyx per flower bud, higher absolute growth rate of calyx, higher phenolic and anthocyanin content in calyx. The genotypes, HSLC-1 and AHC-1 required maximum growing degree days and maintained higher heat use efficiency, helio thermal units and heliothermal use efficiency. Considering physiological and biochemical variation in calyx growth and yield influenced by roselle genotypes, genotype AHC-1 with highest fresh weight of calyx per flower bud,  highest phenolic content and  anthocyanin content having high medicinal value could be suggested to farmers. In earliness point of view and overall calyx productivity the genotype HSLC-1 could be suggested to farmers.
INKORPORASI PRODUK SUPLEMENT MULTI NUTRIEN SAOS KE DALAM KONSENTRAT SAPI POTONG DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN KERING, PROTEIN KASAR DAN PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT TUBUH
Authors: Fitriyani Fitriyani , Erwanto Erwanto , Liman Liman , Muhtarudin Muhtarudin
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Multi Nutrients Sauce (MNS) dan Indigofera pada ransum terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organik pada sapi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September - November 2022 di Desa Negeri Katon, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Provinsi Lampung. Analisis dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Ternak, Jalan Veternan III, Ciawi, Bogor dan Laboratoriun Politeknik Negri Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan menggunakan 15 sapi. Sapi dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok berdasarkan kisaran bobot badan. Setiap kelompok diberikan 3 perlakuan yang berbeda, sehigga total sapi yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 15 ekor. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi bahan kering, protein kasar dan pertambahan bobot tubuh (PBT). Rancangan perlakuannya adalah R1= R1 : Ransum Basal 60% + Hijauan 40%; R2 : R1+ MNS 6,54 %; R3 : R2+ Indigofera 10%. Data dari hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis Anova dan uji lanjut BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Konsumsi bahan kering dan pertambahan bobot tubuh tidak berpengaruh nyata (P > 0,05) dan konsumsi protein kasar berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05). Rata-rata konsumsi bahan kering (R1) 9,46; (R2) 9,51 dan (R3) 10,59 (kg/ekor/hari) . Rataan konsumsi protein kasar (R1) 0,76; (R2) 0,90 dan (R3) 1,01 (kg/ekor/hari). Rataan pertambahan bobot tubuh (R1) 0,56; (R2) 0,41 dan (R3) 1,06 (kg/ekor/hari).
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TEPUNG KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica) TERHADAP SEL DARAH MERAH DAN HEMOGLOBIN KAMBING JAWARANDU JANTAN
Authors: Mahendra Dimas , Santosa Purnama Edy , Erwanto Erwanto , Muhtarudin Muhtarudin
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung kunyit terhadap jumlah sel darah merah dan hemoglobin darah kambing Jawarandu jantan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 22 Oktober-20 Desember 2023 di Desa Sri Kencono, Kecamatan Buminabung Timur, Lampung Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan pada penelitian ini yaitu pakan ransum basal tanpa tepung kunyit (P0), pakan ransum basal dengan 0,5 gram tepung kunyit (P1), pakan ransum basal dengan penambahan 0,75 gram kunyit (P2), dan pakan ransum basal dengan penambahan 1 gram kunyit (P3). Data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian tepung kunyit dengan dosis 0,5 gram pada P1 merupakan dosis yang optimal untuk meningkatkan kadar sel darah merah dan hemoglobin. Kadar sel darah merah kambing Jawarandu Jantan mendapatkan hasil P0 (4,0 x 106/μL) ; P1 (8,0 x 106/μL) ; P2 (5,4 x 106/μL) ; P3 (4,1 x 106/μL), dan kadar hemoglobin kambing Jawarandu Jantan pada P0 (8,9 g/dl), P1 (11,1 g/dl), P2 (8,5 g/dl), dan P3 (9,0 g/dl) berada pada kisaran normal.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN AZOLLA MICHROPHYLLA PADA RANSUM BR-1 TERHADAP KONSUMSI RANSUM, PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT TUBUH, DAN KONVERSI RANSUM AYAM BROILER
Authors: Safira Auliya , Erwanto Erwanto , Septinova Dian , Liman Liman
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Azolla microphylla pada ransum komersil terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh, konversi ransum pada broiler.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Agustus--September 2021, bertempat di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung.  Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini yaitu jumlah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh, dan konversi ransum.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Ranca ngan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan, perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu P0: Ransum komersil 100% (kontrol); P1: Ransum komersil 97,5% + 2,5 % tepung Azolla microphylla dalam ransum, P2: Ransum komersil 95% + 5,0 % tepung Azolla microphylla dalam ransum, P3: Ransum komersial 92,5% + 7,5% tepung Azolla microphylla dalam ransum. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam pada taraf nyata 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian suplementasi tepung Azolla microphylla tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh dan konversi ransum, dan persentase substitusi tepung Azolla microphylla dapat diberikan sampai tingkat 7,5%.
PERBANDINGAN PENAMBAHAN NIRA LONTAR DAN MOLASES TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK FERMENTASI LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG
Authors: Kirani Arzeti , Ibrahimovic Ardan , Okta Atika Nur , Naufal Muhamad Sa'aa Rizqi , Azahra Muthia
Published: May 2024

Limbah kulit singkong berpotensi dijadikan sebagai pakan ternak. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik dan mengetahui adakah perbedaan dari penambahan nira lontar dan molases terhadap fermentasi limbah kulit singkong. Penelitian menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas tiga perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah P0= kontrol, P1= fermentasi kulit singkong dengan penambahan molases, P2= fermentasi kulit singkong dengan penambahan nira lontar. Parameter yang diamati adalah kualitas fisik berupa warna, aroma/bau dan tekstur. Data diolah menggunakan uji Anova dan apabila terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada hasil, data kemudian di uji menggunakan uji Duncan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa penambahan molases dan nira lontar tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap warna dan tekstur tetapi berpengaruh nyata (P>0,5) terhadap aroma. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan nira lontar pada fermentasi kulit singkong memiliki kualitas fisik yang lebih baik dibandingkan penambahan molases.
Analisis Risiko Perceraian berdasarkan Usia Suami di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Marizal Muhammad , Putri Mutia Rahmatul , Putri Satriani , Lestari Tri Uci
Published: May 2024

Pernikahan merupakan suatu ikatan yang sakral dalam hukum dan agama untuk mengikat sepasang suami dan istri dalam membina rumah tangga dengan dasar tujuan untuk membentuk keluarga yang harmonis. Usia pernikahan antara 0-5 tahun merupakan masa-masa rawan yang disebut sebagai era kritis. Pengalaman bersama yang dialami belum banyak sehingga memicu timbulnya risiko perceraian yang tinggi. Berdasarkan data dari Pengadilan Agama Kota Pekanbaru terdapat 127 pasangan yang bercerai pada tahun 2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lama pernikahan berdasarkan faktor usia suami lebih muda dari istri dengan menggunakan metode Kaplan Meier dan Uji Log-Rank. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari 127 sampel penelitian, terdapat sebanyak 45 pasangan dinyatakan bercerai pada usia pernikahan 0-5 tahun dan 82 pasangan bercerai pada usia pernikahan lebih dari 5 tahun dan dari hasil uji Log-Rank diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara peluang usia suami di atas 38 tahun dan di bawah 38 tahun terhadap lama pernikahan. Usia suami di bawah 38 tahun lebih berpeluang besar menyebabkan perceraian dibandingkan usia suami di atas 38 tahun.
Sexual dimorphism analysis in permanent human mandibular canines by geometric morphometrics
Authors: Garizoain Gonzalo , Cobos Virginia
Published: May 2024

Sex estimation of unknown human remains is a common form of assessment in bioarchaeological and forensic practice. When remains are poorly preserved, teeth become important. Research regarding the use of teeth for sex estimation mainly uses odontometrics. Nevertheless, to date, few studies have aimed to systematically evaluate sexual dimorphism in tooth shape. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe sexual dimorphism in the mandibular canine. Landmarks and semilandmarks were placed on the occlusal, mesiodistal and buccolingual views of mandibular canines of 56 individuals (37 males and 19 females) from the “Prof. Dr. Rómulo Lambre” collection. Moreover, the impact of dental wear in morphometric analyses on sexual dimorphism was explored. The shape of male and female canines differed significantly in the three views analyzed. Female canines showed a larger crown in relation to its root, while male canines showed greater roots in relation to their crown. While female canines showed a large development of the cingulum, male’s teeth exhibited less development of this trait. For these reasons, this study constitutes a first approach to show the usefulness of shape for estimating the sex of canine teeth. These differences might be the result of dissimilarities in the total amount of dentin and enamel due to the effect of sex-linked genes in the growth of these tissues.
Análise de um consórcio intermunicipal de gestão de resíduos sólidos no Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco
Authors: Silva Julieta Beserra da , Santos Ângela Regina Souza , Santos Simone Machado
Published: May 2024

O volume e a diversidade dos resíduos sólidos produzidos diariamente nos centros urbanos exigem que os gestores públicos disponham de instrumentos legais para a realização do gerenciamento adequado. Assim sendo, a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) traz princípios e objetivos, além de instrumentos e diretrizes a fim de diminuir os impactos ambientais desses materiais, apontando à gestão consorciada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) para disposição em aterros sanitários como alternativa para atender as demandas locais. Assim, a cooperação intermunicipal proporciona o fortalecimento financeiro e logístico, bem como o cumprimento das responsabilidades legais e do fornecimento de serviços à população. O estudo objetivou analisar o sistema consorciado intermunicipal de destinação dos RSU vinculado ao aterro sanitário de Lajedo-PE. A área de estudo foi o município de Lajedo, no Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco, que estabeleceu um consórcio intermunicipal para utilização de um aterro sanitário, juntamente com outros municípios. A metodologia consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, juntamente com uma pesquisa de campo, envolvendo a caracterização da área de estudo e o aterro sanitário. Ao final, foi possível concluir que a PNRS trouxe aspectos fundamentais e inovadores que, alinhados ao arcabouço legal brasileiro, proporcionou avanços na gestão dos RSU, levou inúmeros municípios a encerrarem seus lixões e realizarem a disposição final adequada dos resíduos. No entanto, é preciso existir maior comprometimento na implementação dos instrumentos da PNRS, pois a coleta seletiva e a integração das cooperativas ou associações de catadores no gerenciamento formal de RSU ainda são incipientes nos municípios pesquisados.
Problems of the transition of the Ukrainian economy to a “green economy” based on sustainable technological change
Authors: Pttro Yukhymenko , Svitlana Batazhok , Nadiia Rybak , Olha Tkachenko , Olha Bilyk , Viktoriia Panasiuk , Tamara Prykhodko
Published: May 2024

The article reveals the problems of the transition to a “green” economy based on sustainable technological changes, which are caused by global ecological pollution of the ecosystem, which leads to warming and ecological changes and the insufficiency of the natural resource potential to meet the needs of the population of the planet, which does not contribute to development. The essence of the study is to determine the impact of a green economy on economic growth and development, in which natural assets continue to provide resources and environmental services. It is shown that the green economy provides a practical and flexible approach to achieving concrete, measurable progress in all its economic and environmental principles, while at the same time fully taking into account the social consequences of greening the dynamics of economic growth. Green economy strategies aim to ensure that natural assets can fully realize their economic potential in a sustainable manner. This potential includes the provision of vital life support services—clean air and water, as well as the sustainable biodiversity needed to support food production and human health. Natural assets cannot be replaced indefinitely, so the policy of the green economy should take this into account. It is characterized that the green economy provides a practical and flexible approach to achieving concrete, measurable progress in all its economic and environmental principles, while at the same time fully taking into account the social consequences of greening the dynamics of economic growth. The problems of the post-war revival of Ukraine’s economy are systematized and proposals for their solution are substantiated, which is the scientific contribution of the authors to the coverage of this problem. The global problems of the transition to a green economy, which are closely related to Ukrainian realities, are revealed. The practical content is determined by the fact that the theoretical and methodological provisions, conclusions and scientific and practical recommendations constitute the scientific basis for the development of a new holistic concept of the development of the green economy of Ukraine. The conclusions that it is the “green” economy that is able to most closely link the ecological and economic aspects of the national economy, acting as a key direction for ensuring the sustainable “green” development of the region and the state as a whole, actualize the prospects of creating a green economy in Ukraine and become necessary and quite achievable in the post-war period.
SOSYAL ÖĞRENME VE DENETİM-DEĞER TEORİLERİ TEMELİNDE SINIF YÖNETİMİNE KURAMSAL BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: Çalık Başak
Published: May 2024

Bireylerin belirli bir amaca yönelik davranışlarını başlatan, yön veren ve bu amaca yönelik davranışlarını sürdürmelerini sağlayan bir güç olarak tanımlanan motivasyonun eksikliği öğrenci davranış problemlerinin nedenleri arasında gösterilmektedir. Bu eksikliğin ortadan kaldırılması sınıfın fiziksel, öğretim ve sosyal düzenlemelerinin nasıl yapılandırıldığı üzerine kurulu olan başarılı bir sınıf yönetiminin vazgeçilmez bir ögesi olarak ortaya konulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada motivasyon ve sınıf yönetimi ilişkisinin güncel motivasyon teorileri arasında yer alan sosyal öğrenme ve denetim-değer kuramları temelinde kuramsal olarak ele alınması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, ilgili motivasyon teorilerinin temel varsayım ve prensiplerinden yola çıkılarak sınıf yönetimi ve motivasyon ilişkisi öğretmen ve öğrenci dinamikleri açısından analiz edilmektedir. Ayrıca bu çalışmanın motivasyon ve başarı değişkenleri bağlamında gelecekte yürütülecek kuramsal, nicel ve nitel araştırmalara da farklı bir perspektif sunacağı düşünülmektedir. Son olarak, bu araştırmada, öğretmen ve öğretmen adaylarının sosyal öğrenme kuramı bağlamında özyeterlik ve özyeterlik kaynaklarından; denetim-değer kuramı bağlamında ise başarı duygularından sınıf yönetiminde nasıl yararlanılabileceği uygulamaya dönük öneri ve örneklerle açıklanmaktadır.
İLKOKUL KELİME BİLGİSİ TESTİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ: GEÇERLİK ve GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: Akşak Ertaş Zerrin , Baştuğ Muhammet
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmada, ilkokul 2, 3 ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin kelime bilgisi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmak üzere geliştirilen İlkokul Kelime Bilgisi Testi’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma bir başarı testi geliştirme çalışması olup, tarama modeli ile desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise İstanbul ili Beylikdüzü ilçesinde bulunan resmi ilkokullarda öğrenimine devam eden toplam 1259 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Süreçte öncelikle başarı testinin kapsam geçerliğine ilişkin çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan başarı testi pilot uygulamalar ile birlikte asıl uygulamaya hazır hale getirilmiştir. Asıl uygulama neticesinde gerçekleştirilen analizlere bağlı olarak, İlkokul Kelime Bilgisi Testi’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Comparative Legal Analysis of IT Legislation of Russia and Sweden
Authors: Kirillova E. B.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION. This article provides a compre­hensive analysis of the regulatory frameworks govern­ing the information technology (IT) sector in both Russia and Sweden and encompasses a comparative assessment of key legal instruments, concepts, and regulatory approaches, including the responsibility for cybercrimes, licensing procedures, standardization practices, and the safety of critical informational in­frastructure. Additionally, this article examines the roles and functions of major governing authorities in both countries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article is based on relevant legal acts of Russia and Sweden. While there are certain specific laws focused entirely on the informational technologies, some provisions can be found in other types of legal documents (for example criminal codes or governmental regulations). Employ­ing a comparative approach, the study delineates the scope and authority of state institutions involved in the IT sphere.

RESEARCH RESULTS. Both Russian and Sweden exhibit similarities when it comes to definition of es­sential concepts such as critical infrastructure, reflect shared concerns regarding for example security issues. Main laws in the area of information technology con­tain a spectrum of key terms, including but not limited to information and communication network / elec­tronic communication network, information system operator, and information protection / network and information system security. Although the list of key definitions may appear quite similar, the Swedish leg­islation tends to offer broader definitions with the in­tention of encompassing larger domains within IT technologies, while the Russian legislators focus on more specific terms. However, while Sweden aligns closely with European Union (EU) regulatory frame­work, Russia adopts a more expansive approach, ad­dressing emerging technological challenges such as AI. In conclusion, achieving effective IT regulation neces­sitates finding a balance between international con­sistency and national adaptability to ensure strong cybersecurity, foster innovation, and maintain regula­tory flexibility in a dynamic digital environment.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Sweden’s re­liance on implementing EU regulations has its benefits such as harmonisation, interoperability, adopting the internationally recognised practices, easier market ac­cess, etc. However, this approach may limit the coun­try's ability to meet its specific needs and may mean additional administrative burdens associated with compliance with EU directives. Moreover, changes in EU regulations could lead to a necessity to update do­mestic laws, potentially causing regulatory vacuum or legal collisions, especially in such sphere as the IT sec­tor. Nowadays, when for example the AI and its risks are on the daily agenda one can not look away and wait for the international community to agree on the applicable regulation.
Development of Institutional Arbitration in Spain
Authors: Malov O. A.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION. The development of the statuto­ry regulation of institutional arbitration in Spain has been briefly outlined at the present study. The legal status of arbitral institution, the legal nature of its rights, obligations and liabilities have been examined. The role of arbitral institutions at the current arbitra­tion situation in Spain has been briefly outlined.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study has been based upon Spanish legislation, key judicial acts and works of Spanish and Latin American experts in the field. General scientific methods of knowledge – analy­sis, synthesis, induction and deduction – have been applied during the study. Special legal methods – for­mal-legal, technical-legal, the method of legal analogy, as well as the comparative legal method – have been also applied.

RESEARCH RESULTS. The study demonstrates three factors which obstacle a full-scale development of institutional arbitration in Spain. The first factor is that the commercial arbitration itself has been a new phenomenon and it has been still unknown to the most of the Spanish population except a rather narrow community of professionals. As a consequence, the most of Spanish business community members put their best faith upon the judicial way of disputes reso­lution. As another consequence, confidentiality of pro­ceedings and absence of appellation remedy have been treated rather as weaknesses than advantages of arbi­tration. The second factor is that there has been a deep-rooted point of view across Spanish business and lawyers communities that an arbitrator is rather legal representative of the party he has been appointed by. Which provokes reasonable doubts regarding inde­pendence and impartiality not only of an arbitrator, but an arbitral institution as well. The both factors outcome a low number of arbitrations in Spain and activate the third one. The third factor is a rather low level of competence of arbitrators and arbitral institu­tions staff due to the lack of practice. The study dem­onstrates significant efforts of the leading Spanish ar­bitral institutions in order to eliminate the factors.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The devel­opment of the statutory regulation of institutional ar­bitration in Spain has been briefly outlined. The legal status of arbitral institution, the legal nature of its rights, obligations and liabilities have been examined. The role of arbitral institutions at the current arbitra­tion situation in Spain has been briefly outlined. Based upon the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that despite a significant progress in im­proving of legal regulation of institutional arbitration and the commercial arbitration as a whole, Spain has still quite a long way to go in order to create an effi­cient system of commercial arbitration and to become an attractive jurisdiction for international commer­cial arbitration as well.
Biological Indicators of Resilience in Mixed and Monoculture Musaceae Production Systems
Authors: Reina Andrea Mariuxi Vásquez , Avila Freddy Agustin Sabando , Aviles Daniel Federico Vera , Herrera-Feijoo Robinson J.
Published: May 2024

Objective: To examine the impact of intraspecific diversity on the biological resilience and biodiversity of Musaceae production systems against pests and diseases in the Ecuadorian tropics, thereby improving the environmental sustainability of these agricultural systems.   Theoretical Framework: Key concepts such as biological resilience, intraspecific diversity of Musaceae, and their relationship with soil health and pest and disease control were explored. The importance of mixed production systems versus monocultures in Musaceae agriculture was discussed.   Method: An experimental design with completely randomized blocks was adopted in two locations (El Carmen and La Maná), comparing mixed and monoculture production systems. Three repetitions were used to collect data on the presence of arthropods, earthworms, and soil microorganisms, evaluating their diversity and quantity as indicators of biological resilience and environmental quality.   Results and Conclusions: Mixed systems demonstrated greater biodiversity, particularly in the presence of Collembola, earthworms, and various beneficial microorganisms, indicating higher resilience and soil health compared to monocultures. Intraspecific diversity in mixed systems significantly contributes to the sustainability and resilience of Musaceae agroecosystems, suggesting a more resilient and ecologically sustainable production model for tropical agriculture.   Originality/Value: This study provides empirical evidence on how intraspecific diversity and mixed production systems can enhance resilience and biodiversity in Musaceae crops, offering sustainable alternatives to face contemporary agricultural challenges in the Ecuadorian tropics.
Os quilombos na diáspora e o papel da Arqueologia: lutas históricas e desafios, uma escrita na primeira pessoa.
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Simoni Rosinalda
Published: May 2024

A existência dos remanescentes de quilombo é atravessada por questões de raça e racismo, e vulnerabilidades sociais, culturais, históricas e, com isso, posso trazer minha história pessoal enquanto quilombola, na qual perceberão muito dos discursos registrados durante minhas pesquisas de campo em quilombos pela América. Considero que o papel social de qualquer ciência e organização deveria ser a promoção de reflexões que visem proporcionar mudanças sociais, políticas econômicas e comportamentais, e não é diferente com a arqueologia. Estamos longe de uma arqueologia afro centrada, porém muito mais perto do que antes. Acredito que a arqueologia pública traz nas suas premissas esse “recado”, também chamada por Engmann 2019 e Moraes 2021 de autoarqueologia; conceito que, quando aplicado, auxilia na compreensão dos processos de pesquisas arqueológica e sobretudo no reconhecimento e exercício do papel social da arqueologia. Assim, nesse artigo trago reflexões construídas a partir de minhas existências enquanto preta quilombola, enquanto pesquisadora arqueóloga, me fazendo valer dessa perspectiva perpassando pelas lutas e estratégias que vivencio na academia e fora dela. Tendo como base epistemológicas pesquisadores que se ocupam em compreender o papel social das ciências humanas, dentre elas a arqueologia, a exemplo de Moraes, Munanga Abdias, Lelia Gonzales, Milton Santos e tantos outros.
Effects of silver nanoparticle and low-level laser on the immune response and healing of albino mice skin wounds
Authors: Soltan H. H. , Afifi A. , Mahmoud A. , Refaat M. , Al Balah O. F.
Published: May 2024

The structural integrity of the skin, which acts as a barrier to keep harmful external substances out of the body, is compromised by wounds. The process of wound healing is a multifaceted and ever-changing phenomenon that entails the replacement of bodily tissues or damaged skin. It has been demonstrated that nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles, have anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory qualities that encourage cell migration and proliferation. Low level laser therapy has the potential to accelerate wound healing by stimulating cell regeneration after injury, reducing pain, and modulating the immune system. The aim of our study is to evaluate the healing process after treatment with silver nanoparticle and/or low level laser by measuring the serum levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1b, IL6, and TNF-α), wound healing rate and histological analysis. Wounds were inflicted into 63 adult male albino mice (Mus musculus) and randomly divided into nine groups (7 per each). Control was left to normal healing. Other groups received a different treatment with laser, silver nanoparticle or both for 21 days. Injured skin was sampled for histopathological examination. Quantitative determination of TNFα, IL1 beta and IL6 were carried out using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) twice (day 2 and day 21). One-way and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. The results showed that the groups treated with silver nanoparticles and / or low-level laser promoted wound healing by reducing pro- inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, IL6 and TNFα) and showed significantly better wound closure with a significant reduction in wound size. At day 2 histopathological changes were very similar in different groups. When silver nanoparticles were applied, either alone or in combination with laser exposure, better granulation tissue and fibrosis also necrosis in the canter of the lesion and high score of re-epithelialization with less inflammation observed gradually till day 21. The results of this study suggested that silver nanoparticles and low-level laser have a wound healing potential, since topical treatment with silver nanoparticles and low-level leasers has effectively improved the wound healing process.
Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of HPV-associated cervical cancer: mechanisms, challenges and future prospects
Authors: Shanazarov N. А. , Zinchenko S. V. , Kisikova S. D. , Rizvanov A. A. , Smailova S. , Petukhov K. A. , Salmaganbetova Zh. Zh.
Published: May 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promise as a modality for the treatment of cervical cancer caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This review provides a comprehensive examination of the role of PDT in overcoming the challenges presented by conventional treatments for cervical cancer. Beginning with an overview of the relationship between cervical cancer and HPV infection, the review introduces the principles of PDT, its mechanism of action, and its potential as an innovative treatment strategy. The review highlights preclinical studies in animal models that demonstrate the efficacy of PDT in targeting HPV-infected cervical cells and provide mechanistic insights into its cytotoxic effects. We reviewed clinical studies and case reports highlighting the potential of PDT as an alternative or adjunctive treatment option. Challenges and limitations, including depth of light penetration, photosensitizer specificity, and standardization of protocols, will be discussed in the context of potential side effects and comparison with conventional treatments. Future directions include ongoing research, combination therapies with immunotherapy or targeted agents, advances in photosensitizer development, and personalized approaches. The advancement of PDT promises to change the landscape of HPV-associated cervical cancer treatment by providing a targeted, personalized, and minimally invasive approach.
Relationships between bronchiectasis and time to achieving target trough immunoglobulin G levels in patients with common variable immunodeficiency
Authors: Onalan Tugba , Colkesen Fatih , Kilinc Mehmet , Aykan Filiz Sadi , Evcen Recep , Akkus Fatma Arzu , Ergun Ummugulsum Yilmaz , Kahraman Selim , Gerek Mehmet Emin , Arslan Sevket
Published: May 2024

Background: The main treatment of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is to maintain immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels within the target range. However, trough IgG levels differ among patients with similar body mass index (BMI) and those receiving the same dose of immunoglobulin
replacement therapy (IGRT). A crucial factor that underlies these differences is the presence of extensive bronchiectasis, which is associated with the immunoglobulin salvage pathway. Objective: We compared trough IgG levels in patients with CVID and with and in those without
bronchiectasis who had received the same dose of IGRT for 2 years to determine the association of IgG level with infection frequency. Method: This retrospective cohort study included 61 patients with CVID, of whom 21 had bronchiectasis. We reviewed the electronic records
for demographic variables, baseline immunoglobulin levels, mean trough IgG levels over 2 years, efficacy levels (trough IgG level ‐ baseline IgG level), the time interval from treatment initiation to achieving the target trough IgG level (700 mg/dL), and the number of infections.
Results: The median age of the patients was 39 years (IQR, 27‐51), and 29 were women (47.5%). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, age at diagnosis, delay in diagnosis, sex, BMI, IGRT type (subcutaneous or intravenous), and baseline
immunoglobulin levels. Trough IgG and efficacy levels were lower (P < 0.001 and P = 0.016, respectively), the time required to achieve the target IgG level was longer in patients with bronchiectasis than in those without bronchiectasis, and this time interval was significantly associated
with the infection frequency. Trough IgG and albumin levels were correlated (p = 0.007), with minor differences between the groups (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Bronchiectasis was significantly associated with a longer time to achieve the target IgG
levels. These long-term differences between the patients with and those without bronchiectasis have significant clinical implications.
Influence of high-voltage electric field thawing on frozen tilapia fillets quality
Authors:   Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agric. Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Egypt., ELSBAAY ATEF MOHAMED , AHMED ELATTAR ASMAA ,   Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agric. Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Egypt., YOUNIS ESSA ROWIDA ,   Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agric. Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
Published: May 2024

In the food sector, high voltage electric field (HVEF) has recently been regarded as a novel thawing technique. The variance in the quality was compared between frozen tilapia fish fillets thawed by high voltage electrostatic field (HVE) and those thawed conventionally as control. Frozen tilapia fish fillets were thawed under HVEF and were exposed to three different corona voltages from 4.5 to 14 kV at electrode gaps of 3, 4.5, and 6 cm; the control was thawed at 20°C without HVEF treatment. Thawing rate, evaporation, thawing, and drip losses, as well as total volatile binding nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein solubility, and color variations, have been employed as the quality indicators. The results revealed that thawing under HVEF greatly enhances the thawing rates of frozen tilapia fish fillets. The greatest rate of thawing was 2.16 times that of the control specimen. However, thawing HVEF reduced the protein solubility and color of fish specimens. In comparison to the control, increasing the applied voltage reduced the protein solubility of the fish specimens High electrostatic field intensities caused frozen tilapia fish fillets to oxidize quicker than lower ones.
Diversity, pathogenicity and biocontrol efficacy of Pseudomonas syringae isolated from plants in northern Jordan
Authors:   Department of Applied Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid-22110, Jordan, ALMOMANI FOUAD A. , MANASREH IHAB ,   Department of Applied Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid-22110, Jordan, ABU-ZAITOON YOUSEF M. ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan-Jordan, AL TAWAHA ABDEL RAHMAN ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan-Jordan
Published: May 2024

Diversity, pathogenicity, and biocontrol efficacy of Pseudomonas syringae strains isolated from a wide range of habitats in Jordan were investigated. Thirty-five infected plant samples (vegetable leaves and woody plant twig) were randomly collected. King's B agar medium was implemented and 124 colonies of P. syringae candidates were selected. Phenotypic, biochemical and pathogenicity tests were further carried out to confirm the identity of P. syringae isolates. The frequency of fluorescent isolates varied between 11- 50 %. Even though all isolates were shown to induce chlorosis of tobacco leaves, only two were able to macerate potato slices causing their rotting. This may be due to variation in secretion of cellulase and pectinase enzymes involve in pathogenicity as clearly discussed in this study. Interestingly, 55% of isolates were found to clearly inhibit growth of E. coli. Exceptional inhibition was noticed in P. syringae isolated from tomato and a possible effect of syringomycin was suggested. Therefore, P. syringae obtained in this study was recommended to have a pivotal role in the biological control system. Results obtained from the experiment of ice nucleation activity revealed that this phenotypic feature dominates woody plants.
Evaluation of the genotoxic activity of wastewater obtained after steam distillation of essential oil of Bulgarian Rosa alba L. – in vivo study
Authors:   Department of Ecosystem Research, Environmental Risk Assessment and Conservation Biology, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Str., Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria, GERASIMOVA TSVETELINA , TOPASHKA-ANCHEVA MARGARITA ,   Department of Ecosystem Research, Environmental Risk Assessment and Conservation Biology, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Str., Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria, DOBREVA ANA ,   Institute for Roses and Aromatic Plants, Agricultural Academy, Kazanlak 6100, 49 Osvobojdenie Blvd, Bulgaria, GEORGIEVA ALMIRA ,   Department of Virology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23, Acad. G. Bonchev, str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria,   Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23, Acad. G. Bonchev, str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, MILEVA MILKA ,   Department of Virology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23, Acad. G. Bonchev, str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: May 2024

The process of essential oil water-steam distillation leaves a water fraction as a rest material of the technological process. This residual fraction represents a serious environmental pollutant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clastogenic and cytotoxic effects of R. alba L. distillation wastewater in laboratory animal's test model in vivo. The ICR mice received a single dose (0.01 mL/b. w.) of 20% (v/v) or 11% (v/v) wastewater solution by intraperitoneal administration. The chromosomal aberrations frequency, mitotic index and micronuclei formation in peripheral blood were scored. The results suggested that the distillation wastewater extracts of white oil-bearing rose R. alba L. did not induce a considerable amount of chromosome aberrations, but a cell proliferation inhibition in mice bone marrow cells, compared to the negative control group (p<0.001). The rodent erythrocyte MN assay showed a slightly increased frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes under the present experimental conditions. Rosa alba L. wastewater solution applied showed a negligible genotoxic effect, but a slight antiproliferative effect.
تفسير اللفظ بحقيقة معناه اللغوي عند السمين الحلبي( رحمه الله) في كتابه عمدة الحفاظ في تفسير أشرف الألفاظ (ت 756هـ) مقارنة مع البحر المحيط لأبي حيان الأندلسي
Authors: خلف علي بشائر عباس , علي عثمان فوزي
Published: May 2024

الحمدُ لله ربّ العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على سيد المرسلين ،وعلى آله وصحبهِ اجمعين ،أما بعد:
    يعدّ هذا الكتاب مصدرا للغويين والمفسرين في آن واحد، فطالب مفردات اللغة يجد ضالته فيه، فهو يلتقي بتحليل مفصل لكلمات القرآن وأصولها واشتقاقاتها وتطورها واستعمالاتها، وكذا المفسر يمكنه الاستعانة به في تفسيره، وهذه تعد أهم مزية لهذا الكتاب.
ومن مزاياه أيضا: ابتداء المؤلف كتابه بفهرس دقيق للمواد التي تناولها في كتابه، وهذا يدّل على دقته وحسن تبويبه وتنظيمه، وأيضاً غناه بغريب الحديث، والشواهد العربية، وبحوث النحو العربي، وأيضا تضمن الكتاب الكثير من الإرشادات البلاغية، إذ قام البحث على تناول بعض الألفاظ بالحقيقة اللغوية  عند السمين الحلبي(رحمهُ الله)  في كتابهِ، وهي: (الجراد- المطر)، وهذه الألفاظ قد صرح بها السمين الحلبي( رحمهُ الله) في كتابه، وقد اخذت نصيباً من الدراسة في هذا البحث.
اختيارات ابن القَرَّاب للقراءات القرآنية بين الإفراد والجمع
Authors: صالح عبد محمود , طه حسن علي
Published: May 2024

إنَّ طبيعة العمل في هذا البحث اقتضت أن يكون متضمنًا على مقدمة ذكرت فيها عنوان الموضوع فقد وسمته بـ( اختيارات ابن القَرَّاب للقراءات القرآنية بين الإفراد والجمع), وقد قسم البحث على مبحثين أولهما اختيار المفرد على الجمع والثاني اختيار الجمع على المفرد, والذي يعنى بالمفردات التي وردت بقراءات متعددة الاوجه بين المفرد والجمع, وذكرت أقوال العلماء والقرّاء واختياراتهم في هذه المسائل, أمّا منهجي في البحث، فكان قائماً على ذكر عنوان المسألة، وبعده الآية القرآنية التي تخص المسألة المذكورة، وتخريج القراءة من كتب القراءات، ومن ثم حجة كل قراءة، على أن تقدَّم القراءة غير المختارة، ومن ثم التأصيل لها من كتب الصرف، وعند الانتهاء من عرض وتحليل المسألة أقدِّم رأيًا لي أحيانًا, فخاتمة البحث التي ضمنتها نتائج البحث التي توصلت اليها من خلال البحث, قائمة
 المصادر التي اعتمدتها في البحث, الله أسأل أن يوفقنا لما فيه خيري الدنيا والآخرة.
الخصائص المناخية لأمطار العراق خلال القرن العشرين
Authors: إبراهيم رافع خضير , شهاب احمد طه
Published: May 2024

يتم من خلال هذا الدراسة تناول التغيرات المناخية المسجلة والمتوقعة في العراق لعنصر التساقط المطري من خلال تحليل بيانات السلسلة الزمنية للمدة (1900-1999م) حيث سيتم فيها تحديد ونمذجة ما تم من تغيرات في مجاميع الامطار السنوية والفصلية  في العراق اذ تم  الاعتماد على قاعدة بيانات التغيرات المناخية التاريخية (historical climate simulation ) وذلك لعدم توفر تسجيلات دقيقة للتساقط المطري في العراق بعد ، وان توفرت لسنوات لاحقة في بعض المحطات فهي غير منتظمة التسجيل وتقتصر على محطات قليلة جدا. وقد تم التركيز في دراسة التغيرات المناخية للعراق على عنصر التساقط المطري وإسقاطاته المستقبلية لكونه من اهم العناصر المناخية وذات  التأثير المباشر في حياة الانسان وباقي عناصر المناخ الأخرى ، وتم اعتماد المجموع الشهري للتساقط المطري لكونه يمثل الاتجاه العام لطبيعة التساقط بشكل واضح.
الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية
Authors: جاسم الجبوري يونس محمد , خضر البياتي وفاء كنعان
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف مستوى الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت لدى طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية والفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في مستوى الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت وفقاً لمتغير الجنس(ذكور ,إناث)والتخصص(علمي ,ادبي) وتألفت عينة البحث من(528) طالبا وطالبة من طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية في الموصل للعام الدراسي 2021/2022 واختيرت العينة بطريقة عشوائية, وقام الباحثان ببناء مقياس الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت, وبعد المعالجة الاحصائية وتحليل البيانات توصل الباحثان إلى نتائج تفيد بان طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية يتمتعون بمستوى متوسط من الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت وليس هناك فروق في الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت وفق متغير النوع (ذكور وإناث) والتخصص(علمي, ادبي) وفي ضوء النتائج توصل الباحثان الى عدداً من التوصيات والمقترحات منها: توعية الطلبة بطرق الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت والفوائد المترتبة على هذا الاستخدام والذي ينعكس إيجابا على الطلبة واجراء دراسة مماثلة للكشف عن علاقة الاستخدام الحكيم لمواقع الانترنت بمتغيرات اخرى (كالذكاء الاجتماعي والاتزان الانفعالي).
فاعلية برنامج تعليمي قائم على المدخل الانساني في تحصيل طلبة قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في مادة أسس التربية
Authors: طراد الحجامي علاء فليح , الجبوري محمود خليل
Published: May 2024

ترمي هذه الدراسة الى معرفة (فاعلية برنامج تعليمي قائم على المدخل الانساني في تحصيل طلبة قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في مادة اسس التربية) هذه الدراسة هي مستلة من اطروحة دكتوراه ولتحقيق ذلك اختار الباحثان عينة بلغت (60) طالب وطالبة من طلبة قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في جامعة القادسية ، وقد صاغ الباحثان الفرضية الصفرية الاتية (ليس هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0،05) بين متوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة التجريبية، الذين يدرسون مادة اسس التربية على وفق البرنامج التعليميّ، ومتوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة الضابطة، الذين يدرسون المادة نفسها على وفق (الطريقة التقليدية) كافأ الباحثان بين مجموعتي التجربة (عينة الدراسة) احصائياً باستعمال الاختبار التائي (T-test) لعينتين مستقلتين ومربع كاي (كا2)، ومتغيرات العمر الزمني محسوباً بالشهور،وتحصيل الوالدين قبل إجراء التجربة ولم تكن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعتين في هذه المتغيرات ولقد أعد الباحثان فقرات اختبار تحصيلي مكوناً من (64) فِقرة اختبار, وخططـاً تدريسية لكلا المجموعتين, عَرضت نماذج منها على مجموعة من المحكمين، ولتحليل النتائج استعمل الباحثان اختبار (T-test) في معالجة نتائج التجربة احصائياً .توصل الباحثان في نهاية التجربة الى تفوق طلبة المجموعة التجريبية على طلبة المجموعة التقليدية  ، وكانت الفروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين طلبة المجموعتين (التجريبية والضابطة) ، ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) .