bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possible Influence of Brittle Tectonics on the Main Road Network Built in the Central African Environment
Authors: TCHATO Sandra Céleste , Gounou Pokam Blaise Pascal , Ariane Gweth Marthe Mbond , Kayo Pokam Euloge Felix , Pouth Nkoma Michel André , Mboumbouo Ngapouth Ibrahim , Poufone Koffi Yvonne , Manguelle-Dicoum Eliezer , Njandjock Nouck Philippe
Published: August 2023

The construction of sustainable road and highway networks in the world, despite numerous feasibility, pre-feasibility and execution studies, are always confronted with the demands and vagaries of foreseeable and unforeseeable natural disasters. Studying cyclones, earthquakes, fracturing and landslide zones along roads is therefore a challenge for the sustainability of these infrastructures. In many countries around the world, the methods generally used for these studies are not only expensive and time-consuming, but the results obtained are not always efficient. This work examines whether Landsat 8 (with a high cloud level) and SRTM data can be used in both equatorial and coastal Central Africa zones to produce relevant mapping, locating fracture and landslide zones, in order to contribute not only to better road layout at lower cost and in a relatively short time, but also to better prevention of geological disasters that may occur on its network. To this end, a map of the main road network was produced and validated with field data, as well as the maps of the main unstable slopes, faults and fractures zones intersecting the road or highway network. These approaches are useful for sustainable planning, management, monitoring and extension of roads worldwide especially, in Central Africa.
A Chinese-Kazakh Translation Method That Combines Data Augmentation and R-drop Regularization
Authors: Liu Canglan , Silamu Wushouer , Li Yanbing
Published: August 2023

Low-resource languages often face the problem of insufficient data, which leads to poor quality in machine translation. One approach to address this issue is data augmentation. Data augmentation involves creating new data by transforming existing data through methods such as flipping, cropping, rotating, and adding noise. Traditionally, pseudo-parallel corpora are generated by randomly replacing words in low-resource language machine translation. However, this method can introduce ambiguity as the same word may have different meanings in different contexts. This study proposes a new approach for low-resource language machine translation, which involves generating pseudo-parallel corpora by replacing phrases. The performance of this approach is compared with other data augmentation methods, and it is observed that combining it with other data augmentation methods further improves performance. To enhance the robustness of the model, R-Drop regularization is also used. R-Drop is an effective method for improving the quality of machine translation. The proposed method was tested on Chinese-Kazakh (Latin script) translation tasks, resulting in performance improvements of 4.99 and 7.7 for Chinese-to-Kazakh and Kazakh-to-Chinese translations, respectively.
Exact Solution of Decaying Turbulence
Authors: Migdal Alexander
Published: August 2023

We have found an infinite dimensional manifold of exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes loop equation for the Wilson loop in decaying Turbulence in arbitrary dimension d>2. This solution family is equivalent to a fractal curve in complex space Cd with random steps parametrized by N Ising variables σi=±1, in addition to a rational number pq and an integer winding number r, related by ∑σi=qr. This equivalence provides a dual theory describing a strong turbulent phase of the Navier-Stokes flow in Rd space as a random geometry in a different space, like ADS/CFT correspondence in gauge theory. This is a quantum statistical system with integer-valued parameters, satisfying some number theory constraints. Its long-range interaction leads to critical phenomena when its size N→∞ or its chemical potential μ→0. The system with fixed N has different asymptotics at odd and even N→∞, but the limit μ→0 is well-defined. The energy dissipation rate is analytically calculated as a function of μ using methods of number theory. It grows as ν/μ2 in the continuum limit μ→0, leading to anomalous dissipation at μ∝ν→0. The same method applies to other observables.
Dostoievski y la modernidad
Authors: Gasson Lara Esteban A.
Published: August 2023

El pensamiento y herencia de Dostoievski, como sabemos, no ha estado reducido a la literatura, como muy bien se pudiera creer, ya que su obra ha tenido, por ejemplo, una significativa huella en el mundo filosófico, donde sus reflexiones, propuestas y señalamientos han impactado y han sido objeto de escrutinio y análisis.
La cárcava: un estudio de las narradoras del norte
Authors: De los Reyes Patiño Reynaldo
Published: August 2023

Reseña de Michelle Monter Arauz, Narradoras del norte: estudio de la obra de Adriana García Roel, Irma Sabina Sepúlveda y Sofía Segovia, Monterrey, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios Humanísticos, 2021, 161 pp. ISBN: 978-607-27-1464-9. https://libros.uanl.mx/index.php/u/catalog/book/86
MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Hera Erisa  , Agnes Herlina Dwi Hadiyanti  , Albertus Saptoro
Published: August 2023

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VI SD Negeri Bakalan pada pembelajaran IPA melalui model pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 15 siswa yang terdiri dari 10 siswa laki-laki dan 5 siswa perempuan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada semester genap Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa dan hasil belajar IPA pada muatan pembelajaran IPA di kelas VI A SDN Bakalan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini untuk kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa terdapat peningkatan mulai dari tahap pra siklus hingga siklus 2 yang mulanya rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa yaitu 26% menjadi 78%. Rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa dalam satu kelas naik 52%. Hasil belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan, berdasarkan data awal pra siklus sampai pada siklus 2. Rata-rata ketuntasan hasil belajar belajar siswa pada tahap pra siklus yaitu 13% menjadi 73% pada siklus 2. Rata-rata ketuntasan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VI A naik 60 %.

Kata Kunci : Berpikir Kreatif, Hasil Belajar, Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek
PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM (SKI) DI MTSN KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Nurmawati  , Sri Suyanta  , Fadhillah
Published: August 2023

In a formal educational institution , curriculum is an important point where the curriculum becomes a reference for things that must be achieved in every learning process. The curriculum in Indonesian education often undergoes various kinds of changes and is still centralized in which the Indonesian Education Institute focuses more on developed cities in Indonesia as a benchmark for developing the education curriculum in Indonesia. For Islamic Cultural History subjects, curriculum development is regulated directly by the Indonesian Ministry of Religion, the latest development occurred in 2019, where the KMA 183 and 184 curriculum were available. This curriculum encourages and provides rules on how to innovate in the implementation of the madrasa curriculum and provides a legal umbrella in the development of the distinctiveness of Madrasas, the development of character strengthening, Anti-Corruption Education and the Development of Religious Moderation in Madrasas. This study focuses on the development of the SKI curriculum in MTsN in Banda Aceh, the aim is to see how the implementation of the KMA 183 and 184 curriculum and what obstacles are experienced in implementing the curriculum. The results of the study found that the KMA 183 and 184 curriculum really helped students in understanding the material being taught, but some teachers still felt the need for guidance from a competent facilitator in order to be able to apply this curriculum optimally. The main obstacle felt was the lack of procurement of SKI books in accordance with the KMA 183 and 184 curriculum, so that many students did not have these books.
Polymorphism of CSN2 Gene Exon 7 in Indonesian Dairy Goat Breeds
Authors: Deviandini Gisela , Noor Ronny Rachman , Taufik Epi , Asmarasari Santiananda Arta
Published: August 2023

Milk production and composition are the main factors in the dairy industry. However, these traits are influenced by several factors, such as genetic factors. The CSN2 gene exon 7 is one of the genes that can affect the protein composition of goat milk. Several studies on the CSN2 gene exon seven have been conducted on Italian and Indian goat breeds, and their genetic variations have been found. Studies about CSN2 gene exon seven polymorphisms in Indonesia have been completed but found no variations. Therefore, this study aims to find genetic variations of CSN2 gene exon 7 using the Sanger Sequencing Method. Ninety-five blood samples of 66 Sapera, 15 Saanen, and 14 Etawa Grade goats were collected from the Livestock Research Center, Ciawi. Genetic diversity was calculated using PopGene32 programs. The results found two polymorphic SNPs in all three dairy goat breeds, namely g.8946C>T and g.8956G>A. Three genotypes found in SNP g.8946C>T are CC, CT, and TT, while a new SNP g.8956G>A found two genotypes (GG and GA). In conclusion, SNPs g.8946C>T and g.8956G>A are polymorphic. Additional research should be conducted to determine whether there is any association between these 2 SNPs and milk production and quality.
Evaluation of the Physical Quality of Supplement Wafer and Application of Supplement on Layer Performance
Authors: Br Pakpahan Anna Megawati , Retnani Yuli , Mutia Rita , Wardani Wira Wisnu
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the physical quality of the wafer supplement with different binders and evaluate the performance of laying hens fed the supplement wafer in drinking water. The rearing stage used 64 Isa Brown chickens raised for 12 weeks. Stage 1 of the experiment used a 3x4 Completely randomized design (T1: Pollard, T2: Cassava Flour, T3: Tapioca Flour Waste). Phase two of the study used a completely randomized design with two treatments x 4 replicates x 8 chickens (P0: without supplement wafers, P1: supplement wafers). The variables observed were the wafer's physical quality and Isa Brown's performance. Different adhesives in the manufacture of wafers produced no significant difference in water content (p>0.05) but significant differences (p<0.05) in water activity, bulk density, wafer durability index, and total solubility. Supplementary wafer administration did not affect (p>0.05) feed consumption, drinking water consumption, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), egg weight, and daily egg production but did affect (p<0.05) chicken mortality. The conclusion is that wafers with the best physical quality use cassava flour binder, and giving wafer supplements in drinking water can reduce mortality.
Tibial Bushing Wear at 28 Years of Follow-up After Rotating-Hinge Distal Femoral Replacement
Authors: Tidd Joshua , Pasqualini Ignacio , Muschler George , Piuzzi Nicolas
Published: August 2023

Case:

A 58-year-old woman presented with swelling, stiffness, and pain of the right knee 28 years after rotating-hinge distal femoral replacement after osteosarcoma resection. She underwent revision. There was wear through the entire thickness of the polyethylene tibial sleeve bushing, and the implant was well-fixed. The knee was reassembled with new bushings, sleeves, yoke, axle, poly, and a locking pin.

Conclusion:

This is the first described case of tibial sleeve bushing wear. It highlights the importance of early detection of potential complications and implant surveillance because it can enable surgeons to intervene with minor procedures, avoiding eventual catastrophic failure.
Lumbar Spinal Epidural Varices Causing Acute Bilateral Lower Limb Radiculopathy
Authors: Vellara Jim F. , Palliyil Nigil S. , KP Sreekumar , Satheesh Amritaraj
Published: August 2023

Case:

A 61-year-old male patient presented with back pain and bilateral lower limb radicular pain. A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of the lumbar spine was suggestive of engorged epidural veins behind the L5 vertebral body causing severe cauda equina compression. A venous Doppler scan demonstrated thrombosis of the inferior vena cava, which was identified as the primary pathology. He was started on anticoagulation, after which his radicular symptoms improved significantly. The patient was asymptomatic at the time of final follow-up at 1 year.

Conclusion:

Epidural varices can rarely present with lumbar radiculopathy mimicking an acute disk prolapse clinically and radiologically. Careful interpretation of the MRI scan will ensure proper diagnosis and avoid unnecessary surgery.
Venomous gland transcriptome and venom proteomic analysis of the scorpion Androctonus amoreuxi reveal new peptides with anti-SARS-CoV2 activity.
Authors: Ghazal Ahmad , Clarke David , Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A. , Ribeiro Antonio , Hijazi Karolin , Collie-Duguid Elaina , Pattinson Craig , Burgoyne Kate , Muhammad Taj , Alfadhel Sanad , Heidari Zeynab , Samir Reham , Gerges Mariam M. , Colamarino Rosa A. , Houssen Wael E.
Published: August 2023

The recent COVID-19 pandemic shows the critical need for novel broad spectrum antiviral agents. Scorpion venoms are known to contain highly bioactive peptides, several of which have demonstrated strong antiviral activity against a range of viruses. We have generated the first annotated reference transcriptome for the Androctonus amoreuxi venom gland and used high performance liquid chromatography, transcriptome mining, circular dichroism and mass spectrometric analysis to purify and characterize fourteen new venom peptides. Selected peptides were tested for binding to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and inhibition of the spike RBD – human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) interaction using surface plasmon resonance-based assays. Seven peptides showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects. The most active peptide was synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis and tested for its antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (Lineage B.1.1.7). On exposure of replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 to the synthetic peptide, we observed a two log10 PFU/mL reduction at sub-micromolar concentrations of the peptide compared to virus exposed to medium alone. Our results show that scorpion venom peptides can inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD – hACE2 interaction, exhibit anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity through other unexplored modes of 3 actions and represent excellent scaffolds for design of novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 constrained peptides.
Catalyst- and metal-free C(sp2)-H bond selenylation of (N-hetero)-arenes using diselenides and trichloroisocyanuric acid at room temperature
Authors: Neto José S. S. , Granja Isis J. A. , Scheide Marcos R. , Franco Marcelo S. , Moraes Cassio A. O. , Beatriz Adilson , Lima Dênis P. , Botteselle Giancarlo V. , Frizon Tiago E. A. , Saba Sumbal , Rafique Jamal , Braga Antonio L.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we report an eco-friendly approach for the C(sp2)-H bond selenylation of imidazopyridines and other (N-heteroarenes as well as simple arenes at ambient temperature. This new protocol consists of the reaction between (N-hetero)-arenes and the diorganyl-diselenides and trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA)-ethanol reagent system. In a short reaction time, the desired selenylated products were obtained regioselectively in good yields, with tolerance for a wide range of functional groups
Improvement in the estimation of Perfusable Tissue Fraction and Myocardial Flow Reserve in the Ischemic Myocardial Lesions using ECG-gated Dynamic Myocardial PET with 15O-water
Authors: Maruo Ayaka , Magota Keiichi , Munakata Yamato , Hirata Kenji , Katoh Chietsugu
Published: August 2023

Objective: Perfusable tissue fraction (PTF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR) from 15O-water dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) are parameters of myocardial viability. However, myocardial motion causes errors in these values. We aimed to develop accurate estimation of PTF and MFR in ischemic lesions using an electro-cardiogram (ECG)-gated dynamic myocardial PET with 15O-water.
Methods: Twenty-seven patients with ischemic heart disease were enrolled. All patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). List mode 3D PET data and ECG signals were acquired using Philips Gemini TF64 instrument. For each scan, 500MBq of 15O-water was infused slowly for 2min, and the dynamic data were scanned for 6min. Both non-gated dynamic images and ECG-gated diastolic dynamic images were reconstructed. On the myocardial PET images of each patient, the entire myocardial region of interest (ROI) was set and divided into 17 segments. Myocardial blood flow in the resting state (rest MBF), hyperemic state (stress MBF), PTF, and MFR in each segment were estimated from both non-gated and ECG-gated dynamic PET images. Coronary arteriograms were obtained for all patients. In total, 128 normal segments without stenosis and 50 ischemic segments with >90% stenosis were evaluated.
Results: In the ischemic myocardial segments, the PTF with ECG-gated PET was estimated as significantly lower than that with non-gated PET (0.63 ± 0.09 vs. 0.72 ± 0.08 [mL/mL], p<0.001). The ECG-gated PET estimated a significantly lower PTF in the ischemic segments than in the normal segments (0.63±0.09 vs. 0.67 ± 0.07 [mL/mL], p<0.01). In the normal segments, the ECG-gated PET detected no significantly different MFR compared with those from the non-gated PET (2.15 ± 0.76 vs. 2.24 ± 0.79, p=0.28). However, in the ischemic myocardial segments, the MFR with ECG-gated PET was estimated as significantly lower than that with the non-gated PET (1.23 ± 0.29 vs. 1.69 ± 0.71, p<0.001). The ECG-gated PET presented a significantly higher reproducibility of PTF and rest MBF than the non-gated PET (p < 0.01). Neither stress MBF nor MFR yielded significant differences in reproducibility between the ECG-gated and non-gated PET.
Conclusions: The ECG-gated dynamic 15O-water PET suppressed the myocardial motion effect and resulted in a lower PTF and MFR in ischemic myocardial lesions than the non-gated PET. The ECG-gated PET seemed to be better than the conventional non-gated dynamic PET for the detection of ischemic myocardial lesion.
Introducing a pharmacist-led transmural care program to reduce drug- related problems in orthogeriatric patients: a prospective interventional study
Authors: BAILLY Rachel , WUYTS Stephanie , TOELEN Loic , METS Tony , HAUWERMEIREN Carmen VAN , SCHEERLINCK Thierry , CORTOOS Pieter-Jan , LIETEN Siddhartha
Published: August 2023

Background
Orthogeriatric patients have an increased risk for complications due to underlying comorbidities, chronic drug therapy and frequent treatment changes during hospitalization. The clinical pharmacist (CP) plays a key role in transmural communication concerning polypharmacy to improve continuity of care by the general practitioner (GP) after discharge. In this study, a pharmacist-led transmural care program, tailored to orthogeriatric patients, was evaluated to reduce drug related problems (DRPs) after discharge.
Methods
An interventional study was performed (pre-period: 1/10/2021-31/12/2021; post-period: 1/01/2022-31/03/2022). Patients (≥ 65 years) from the orthopedic department were included. The pre-group received usual care, the post-group received the pharmacist-led transmural care program. The DRP reduction rate one month after discharge was calculated. Associated factors for the DRP reduction rate were determined in a multiple linear regression analysis. The GP acceptance rate was determined for the proposed interventions, as well as their clinical impact using the Clinical, Economic and Organizational (CLEO) tool. Readmissions one month after discharge were evaluated.
Results
Overall, 127 patients were included (control n = 61, intervention n = 66). The DRP reduction rate was statistically significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The pharmacist's intervention was associated with an increased DRP reduction rate (+ 1.750, 95% confidence interval 1.222–2.278). In total, 141 interventions were suggested by the CP, of which 71% were accepted one month after discharge. In both periods, four patients were readmitted one month after discharge. 58% of the interventions had a clinical impact (≥ 2C level using the CLEO-tool) according to the geriatrician and for the CP it was 45%, indicating that they had the potential to avoid patient harm.
Conclusions
The pharmacist-led transmural care program significantly reduced DRPs in geriatric patients from the orthopedic department one month after discharge. The transmural communication with GPs resulted in a high acceptance rate of the proposed interventions.
Biomechanical Effects of Joint Disc Perforation on the Temporomandibular Joint: A 3D Finite Element Study
Authors: Gao Wentong , Lu Jie , Gao Xiang , Zhou Jianping , Dai Hongwei , Sun Min , Xu Jie
Published: August 2023

Background:Disc perforation (DP) is a severe type of Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD). DP may induce changes in the internal stresses of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A systematic biomechanical analysis of TMJ DP has not been conducted in previous studies. Herein, this study attempts to investigate the biomechanical effects of different positions and sizes of DP on the TMJ using a biomechanical approach, to explore the mechanical pathogenesis of TMD.
Methods: Eleven three-dimensional finite element (FE)models of the TMJ were constructed based on CBCT imaging files of a patient with DP on the left side. These models included the disc with anterior displacement of the affected TMJ and discs with different locations and sizes of perforations on the affected disc. FE methods were conducted on these models.
Results: When the discs of both TMJs are in a normal position, the maxim von Mises stress (MVMS) experienced by both joints is comparable, maintaining a state of equilibrium. Anterior displacement of the disc leads to a significant increase in the MVMS in both TMJs, with the affected side exhibiting a more pronounced effect. DP occurring at the posterior band and the junction between the disc and the bilaminar region has a greater impact on the MVMS of both TMJs compared to perforations at other locations. As the size of the perforation increases, both sides of the TMJ discs, including the bilaminar regions and the condyles on the normal side, exhibit an increase in the magnitude of MVMS.
Conclusions: Anterior disc displacement and DP have the potential to adversely affect the stress distribution on both sides of the TMJs. Timely management of TMD in the early stages is crucial to prevent disease progression and worsening of symptoms.
Sitting sideways causes different femoral–tibial rotations in each knee
Authors: Kono Kenichi , Konda Shoji , Yamazaki Takaharu , Taketomi Shuji , Tamaki Masashi , Inui Hiroshi , Tanaka Sakae , Tomita Tetsuya
Published: August 2023

Background
Asymmetrical kneeling motions, such as sitting sideways, do not require asymmetrical movements. Rotational analyses of each femur and tibia can help explain why rotational knee kinematics do not exhibit asymmetrical movement while sitting sideways. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the rotation of the femur and tibia in normal knees during sitting sideways.
Methods
Each volunteer sat sideways under fluoroscopy. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional registration techniques were used. After evaluating the femoral rotation angle relative to the tibia at each flexion angle, the femoral and tibial sole rotation angles at each flexion angle were compared between the ipsilateral and contralateral knees.
Results
Bilateral knees showed femoral external rotation relative to the tibia with flexion while sitting sideways. In the ipsilateral knees, the femurs exhibited an external rotation of 26.3 ± 8.0°, from 110° to 150° of flexion. Conversely, the tibia exhibited an external rotation of 12.2 ± 7.8°, from 110° to 150° of flexion. From 110° to 150° of flexion, the femoral external rotation was significantly greater than the tibial external rotation. In the contralateral knees, the femurs exhibited an internal rotation of 23.8 ± 6.3°, from 110° to 150° of flexion. In contrast, the tibia’s internal rotation (30.4 ± 8.8°, from 110° to 150° flexion) was significantly greater than the femoral internal rotation.
Conclusions
Although bilateral knees exhibited femoral external rotation relative to the tibia while sitting sideways, the ipsilateral and contralateral knees showed femoral and tibial sole rotations in opposite directions.
A pulmonary rehabilitation program is an effective strategy to improve forced vital capacity, muscle strength, and functional exercise capacity similarly in adults and older people with post-severe COVID-19 who required mechanical ventilation
Authors: Muñoz-Cofré Rodrigo , Valle María Fernanda , Marzuca-Nassr Gabriel Nasri , Valenzuela Jorge , Sol Mariano del , Canales Constanza Díaz , Lizana Pablo A. , Valenzuela-Aedo Fernando , Lizama-Pérez Rodrigo , Escobar-Cabello Máximo
Published: August 2023

Background
It is internationally known that our population is aging. At the same time, some patients with COVID-19, due to their symptoms, required mechanical ventilation (MV) and subsequent pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). This study aimed to compare the effects of a multimodal PR program “ADULT” versus “OLDER” people with COVID-19 who were on MV.
Methods
The intervention consisted of an 8-week hybrid PR program (2x week). Forced vital capacity (FVC) was measured at the beginning and end of PR, upper and lower limb strength was obtained through hand grip strength (HGS) and the sit-to-stand test (STST), respectively, and functional exercise capacity was measured with the 6-minute walking test (6MWT).
Results
The main results were an increase in the FVC in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.27), an increase in HGS in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.52), in the same way, the number of repetitions on the STST increased in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.55). Finally, the distance covered on the 6MWT increased in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.65).
Conclusions
The PR program is an effective strategy to improve FVC, muscle strength, and functional exercise capacity similarly in adults and older people with post severe COVID-19 who required MV.
Ethanol extract of Paridis rhizoma attenuates carrageenan-induced paw swelling of rats by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors
Authors: Xiang Li , Huang Qinwan , Chen Tao , He Qingman , Yao Huan , Gao Yongxiang
Published: August 2023

Context:
Inflammation has been identified as a key factor contributing to the development of numerous diseases. Several anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed to treat inflammation-related diseases. However, some of such drugs are associated with varying degrees of side effects. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new anti-inflammatory drugs with reduced side effects for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. Natural anti-inflammatory drugs have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. The study was to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Paridis rhizoma extract (PRE) in rat models of acute inflammation induced by carrageenan and RAW264.7 cells models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Materials and methods:
PRE was investigated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema rat model in vivo. Histopathology examined the extent of inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage. The effect of PRE on the levels of specific cytokines was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 assay evaluated the cytotoxic effects of PRE on Raw264.7 cells. The mRNA expression levels of cytokines were quantified using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot measured TNF-α, IL6, TLR4, p-P65, p-IKB, HO1, SOD1 and SOD2. Fluorescence measured the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Results:
PRE treatment reduced interstitial edema and structural damage in a dose-independent manner in vivo. PRE inhibited inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro as evidenced by the decreased expression of inflammatory factors, production of ROS, and increased expression of SOD1, SOD2, and HO1. Moreover, PRE inhibited the activity of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB) pathway. These findings suggested that PRE reduced inflammation by inhibiting the activation of the NF-KB pathway.
conclusion:
PRE reduced LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting the NF-KB signaling pathway and ROS production. The anti-inflammatory activity and potential mechanism of PRE were demonstrated according to the results.
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the ADH Gene Family in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Du Chaofan , Gu Gang , Zhang Binghui , Lin Xiaolu , Chen Chengliang , Li Tong , Chen Rui , Xie Xiaofang
Published: August 2023

Background
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are the crucial enzymes involved in plant development, biotic and abiotic stresses. Tobacco is one of the most important model plants, which will be of great application significance to analyze the ADH gene family and expression profile under various stresses in tobacco.
Results
A total of 53 ADH genes were identified in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) genome and were grouped into 6 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure (exon/intron) and protein motifs were highly conserved among the NtADH genes, especially the members within the same subfamily. A total of 5 gene pairs of tandem duplication, and 3 gene pairs of segmental duplication were identified based on the analysis of gene duplication events. Cis-regulatory elements of the NtADH promoters participated in cell development, plant hormones, environmental stress, and light responsiveness. Expression profile analysis showed that NtADH genes were widely expressed in different maturity tobacco leaves, as well as in leaves after topping, however, the expression patterns of different members appeared to be diversed. The qRT-PCR analysis of 13 NtADH genes confirmed their differential expression in response to the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum L. infection. Metabolomics analysis revealed that NtADH genes were primarily associated with carbohydrate metabolism, and moreover, four NtADH genes (NtADH20/24/48/51) were notably involved in the pathway of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.
Conclusion
The genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analysis of NtADH genes have provided valuable insights into the role of these genes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Our results have also laid a solid foundation for further functional study on ADH genes in tobacco, especially for the understanding of NtADHs under more stress conditions.
Common Inducing Factors of Ischemic Events Occurred in Pediatric with Ischemic Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Chen Yuanbing , Gao Qiongjue , Tang Miao , Liang Yinhua , Li Li , Liu Hongwei , Wang Junyu , Huang Jun
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study aims to investigate the inducing factors that cause ischemic events and summarize the clinical features between TIA and infarction in pediatrics with ischemic MMD.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted from September 2015 to September 2021 in-patients and out-patients admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
Results: The results indicated that 74.1% (63/85) of patients had obvious inducing factors before the ischemic attack, among which fever accounted for 41.3% (26/63). TIA patients with obvious inducing factors accounted for 83.3% (25/30) cases, and cerebral infarction patients with obvious inducing factors accounted for 69.1% (38/55). The inducing factorof fever is significantly higher in patients with infarction than in those with TIA (p=0.0023). The inducing factors of crying (p=0.0006) and consumption of irritating foods (p=0.0018) are significantly higher in patients with TIA than infarction. The age was younger in patients with infarction than TIA (8.8 ± 0.7 vs 5.8 ± 0.5, p=0.0011). The infarctions were more common in patients with PCA involvement than in patients present with TIA (p=0.0044). Multivariate analysis revealed that crying (p= 0.002) was independently associated with TIA.
Conclusions: The occurrence of ischemic events in children with ischemic MMD tends to be associated with a clear inducing factor. Fever is more common in causing cerebral infarction, while crying and eating irritating foods are easy to cause TIA. Crying was identified as an independent risk factor for inducing TIA. The patients present with infarction are associated with younger age and PCA involvement in pediatric ischemic MMD.
Identification and validation of the ferroptosis-related cardiogenic stroke and atherosclerosis genes, CIRBP, CREB5, MAPK14, PEBP1, and PTGS2 and their association with pan-cancer and immune cells
Authors: Zhang Tianxiang , Cheng Ning , Shao Wei , Chen Mo , Liu Jinjiang
Published: August 2023

Background Cardioembolic stroke (CS) and atherosclerosis (AS) are closely linked diseases. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying their coexistence are not yet fully understood. This study sought to investigate the hub genes and pathways involved in the development of both diseases.Method CS (GSE58294) and AS (GSE20129) datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and a ferroptosis-related gene dataset was downloaded from the Ferroptosis Database (FRDB). Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FRDEGs) were analyzed using the R ‘edgeR’ and ‘limma’ packages. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia analyses were used to explore the functions of common FRDEGs. Two machine learning algorithms, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE), were used to screen for overlapping FRDEGs in CS and AS. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and visualized with Cytoscape. Hub genes were selected using the ‘cytoHubba’ plugin. A total of 69 and 39 FRDEGs were identified in CS and AS, respectively.Result The hub genes, CIRBP, CREB5, MAPK14, PEBP1, and PTGS2 were screened using multiple methods. The area under the curve was > 0.7 for both models constructed using the CS and AS datasets. In order to verify the prediction results, blood samples from healthy controls, CS patients and AS were collected for qRT-PCR, and the correlation between biomarkers and clinical features was further discussed. There was a high correlation between neutrophils and hub genes. Pathways relating to immune processes, including inflammation, cell migration, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, were highly related to CIRBP, CREB5, MAPK14, PEBP1, and PTGS2. Thus, these genes were defined as hub genes for both CS and AS.Conclusions Inflammation and immune regulation modulated by neutrophil infiltration were found to play a central role in the development of these diseases and may serve as targets for diagnosis and treatment. The findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of these CS and AS.
Green Tea Waste-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots: Efficient Degradation of RhB Dye and Selective Sensing of Cu2+
Authors: en Qurtul , ahmad Anees
Published: August 2023

Herein, we have synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots (TCDs) by using hydrothermal method from green tea waste, a biomass-derived source with high fluorescent property and excellent solubility in water. The synthesis of TCDs was validated by using several characterization techniques such as HRTEM (High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy), UV-Vis spectroscopy, FL (Fluorescence) spectroscopy, XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), and EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). The as prepared TCDs exhibit excellent stability at higher pH, and different concentration of salt. Furthermore, the TCDs have demonstrated a high quantum yield of 11.63%, which signifies their efficiency in emitting fluorescent light upon excitation. This high quantum yield is advantageous for the fluorescence-based sensing applications. In addition to their fluorescence properties, the TCDs have shown the capability to detect Cu2+ ions fluorometrically in a sensitive and selective manner without interference from other ions. This suggests their potential as a sensing platform for heavy metal ion detection, which is crucial for environmental monitoring and biomedical applications. Moreover, the TCDs have exhibited photocatalytic activity by degrading RhB (Rhodamine B) dye under various parameters such as pH, dosage, and dye concentration. This photocatalytic property implies their potential in environmental remediation and wastewater treatment applications.
New Observational Projects in New Zealand for Verification of Radiation Belt Loss Processes in the Deep Inner Magnetosphere: Instrumentation and Initial Results
Authors: Obana Yuki , Sakaguchi Kaori , Nosé Masahito , Hosokawa Keisuke , Jaquiery Peter , Saita Satoko , Shiokawa Kazuo , Connors Martin , Kadokura Akira , Nagatsuma Tsutomu , Petersen Tanja
Published: August 2023

This paper describes the instrumentation of, and the first results from, an upper atmospheric observation project conducted in New Zealand. We operate an all-sky aurora camera and a 64-Hz sampling induction magnetometer at Middlemarch, as well as 1-Hz sampling fluxgate magnetometers which have been operative at three stations in New Zealand, Middlemarch, Eyrewell and Te Wharau. Green and red auroras respectively corresponding to the 557.7 nm and 630.0 nm emissions were observed on the night of 5 Aug 2019. Pc1 pulsations were observed in the frequency range of ~0.2–1 Hz before and after a small (minimum Dst = –40 nT) geomagnetic storm during 4–6 October 2020. Before the geomagnetic storm, Pc1 pulsations with several center frequencies were observed regardless of local time. During the recovery phase, an IPDP (interval of pulsations of diminishing period) type of Pc1 and subsequent four intervals Pc1s were detected. The Ionospheric Alfvén Resonator (IAR) was also identified with spectral resonance structures during this magnetic storm. Lower harmonic modes of IAR were present throughout the local nighttime, but higher harmonic modes with frequency of 5– 15 Hz seemed to disappear at the onset time of substorms. This is the first report of IAR at such a high frequency range and this is the first IAR observation in the southern hemisphere. Examples of applying cross-phase analysis to observation data of fluxgate magnetometers are also given.
Suitability analysis to determine optimal locations of local community radio stations for Disaster Risk Reduction using GIS and Remote Sensing: A case study of Chipinge district, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyereyegona Munyaradzi Donald John , Mazhindu Aldridge Nyasha , Chirenje Kudzai Chirango
Published: August 2023

Due to the increase in natural disasters world over, there is need to come up with effective disaster risk reduction strategies, including early warning systems. Zimbabwe has faced multiple hazards and disasters including, tropical cyclones, floods, and droughts. This study therefore seeks to implement both an early warning system and communication tool that can be used before, during and after a disaster. In this study a multi-criteria decision analysis method, AHP, GIS, and Remote Sensing (RS) were used to implement the suitability analysis. Throughout the location selection phase, three spatial decision-making models were used in this research. The logical “OR” operator is used to calculate the regions of the candidates using the raster calculate overlay (Boolean logic) approach, based on appropriateness criteria, the weighted linear combination (WLC) approach was developed, and the weights and relative values of the criteria used in the Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP). Various maps were created using an open-source tool in Arc GIS software, and the final composite map of the probable site priority was created using the MCDA add-in. After the least suitable areas were eliminated, suitable sites were identified as candidate sites, and a proper site was selected utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Results shows the final suitability map for sitting the community radio station when considering all the criterions which are settlements, elevation, power lines, roads, and rivers. Approximately 40% is the most suitable, 25% is highly suitable, 20% is suitable, 5% is moderately suitable, and 10% is unsuitable to site the community radio station.
Establishing the interpretability and utility of the 4-item BriefPCS
Authors: You Dokyoung S. , Cook Karon F. , Lannon Edward , Ziadni Maisa S. , Darnall Beth D. , Mackey Sean C.
Published: August 2023

To reduce the patient burden associated with completing the 13-item Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the 4-item “BriefPCS” was developed. To date, no crosswalk has been developed that associates scores on the BriefPCS with PCS scores. Further, no study has compared the use of BriefPCS and PCS scores in a randomized clinical trial (RCT). We aimed to: 1) establish the interpretability of BriefPCS scores in reference to PCS scores, 2) compare the concurrent validity between the BriefPCS and PCS, and 3) Assess the use of BriefPCS in an RCT. First, we conducted equipercentile linking, created a crosswalk that associated scores of BriefPCS with PCS, and calculated differences between PCS and crosswalked PCS scores. Secondly, we compared Bootstrap correlation coefficients between PCS and self-reported measures of other domains. Lastly, we compared results from an RCT using BriefPCS scores versus PCS scores. Findings indicated that the correlation coefficient estimates with the BriefPCS and PCS scores were not significantly different. BriefPCS and PCS scores had similar ability to detect treatment-related changes. The BriefPCS scores validly, reliably, and accurately distinguish levels of pain catastrophizing. Additionally, the BriefPCS scores are sensitive to changes after behavioral interventions, with less respondent burden compared to the PCS scores.
Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by the Mongolian drug Runguling and its role in the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Wuyun Bilige , Si Qin , Teri Gele , Ba Hushan
Published: August 2023

Osteoporosis (OP) is a serious disease that can lead to systemic fractures, deformities, and loss of mobility, causing significant suffering to patients. Runguling is a Chinese medicine formula mainly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, and has shown preliminary good efficacy in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of action of Run Bone Ling in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in a mouse model.
The experimental results showed that Runguling could effectively improve the bone quality level of PMOP mice. By establishing a PMOP model in female C57BL/6 mice and giving different doses of Runguling treatment, the bone mineral density of mice was significantly elevated. Meanwhile, the levels of bone formation markers PINP and BALP were significantly increased, while the levels of bone resorption markers β-CTX and TRACP were significantly decreased. In addition, the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was significantly up-regulated in the mice in the Runguling group, and the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism, affecting the balance of bone formation and bone resorption by regulating the formation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Therefore, the anti-osteoporotic effect of Runguling may be exerted by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These results provide support and rationale for the clinical application of Runguling in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
The Role of VTA Dopaminergic Neurons in Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain- induced Depressive-like Behavior
Authors: Zhang Ludi , Sun Yufei , Ji Menghan , Wang Shuling , Sun Hui , Zhang Hailin , Huang Dongyang
Published: August 2023

Affective disorders, such as depression, are commonly associated with the development of chronic pain, but the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. The dopaminergic system, located in the midbrain, is considered one of the regions where both painful and emotional processing overlap. This suggests a structural basis hypothesis for the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression, highlighting the interplay between nociceptive and affective processing. In this study, we assessed depressive-like behaviors and performed artificial interference of VTA (ventral tegmental area) dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of chronic peripheral neuropathic pain induced by the spared nerve injury (SNI) model. After a 4-week duration of hyperalgesia and allodynia resulting from SNI, social isolation and other depressive-like behaviors were observed in the SNI group. Furthermore, the SNI mice displayed an excitatory increase in dopaminergic cell activity. This electrophysiological alteration was found to play a key role in the development and modulation of the chronic peripheral neuropathic pain-induced depressive-like phenotype. Considering the established pain and affective circuits, the neuroplastic changes and functional role of VTA dopaminergic neurons within these circuits may serve as potential targets for understanding and therapeutically addressing the development of depressive-like symptoms accompanied by prolonged pain syndromes in humans.
A novel ATAD3 duplication in a Chinese patient with epilepsy and hyperlactacidemia expands the range of clinical phenotype of 1p36.33 duplication syndrome
Authors: Jiang Lihua , Hua Yi , Xu Ke , Zhang Weiran , Sheng Guoxia , Xu Lu , Liu Liu , Wang Yilong , Mao Shanshan , Gao Feng , wang shugang , Yuan Zhefeng
Published: August 2023

Background
Heterozygous duplication within the ATAD3 gene cluster can cause autosomal dominant chromosome 1p36.33 duplication syndrome, a rare and fatal multisystemic disorder, characterized by lethal perinatal cardiomyopathy, persistent hyperlactacidemia, and corneal clouding or cataracts, resulting in death in the first weeks of life.
Methods
Herein, we report a case of a 4-month, 27-day-old Chinese boy with only epilepsy and hyperlactacidemia who died at 6 months and 17 days of epilepsia partialis continua. The patient’s DNA was sequenced using whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing.
Results
We identified a de novo heterozygous duplication in the ATAD3 locus with breakpoints in exon 8 of ATAD3A and intron 3 of ATAD3C, creating a fusion gene, ATAD3A‒C, which codes for dozens of amino acid changes compared to that by ATAD3A.
Conclusion
We identified a de novo duplication in the ATAD3 locus in a Chinese boy. Contrary to previous case studies, the main clinical features were epilepsy and hyperlacticaemia. He survived for more than 6 months without lethal perinatal cardiomyopathy and corneal clouding or cataracts.