bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wesleyan (Anti)Feminism: A Religious Construction of Gender Equality
Authors: Weaver Swartz Lisa
Published: March 2018

Using ethnographic research and interviews, this article explored the construction of gender equality among students and faculty members at the Asbury Theological Seminary. The institution constructed an unusual blend of egalitarianism and anti-feminism using explicitly religious tools. Specifically, it was found that community members constructed firm commitments to gender equality from their heavily individualistic theology and from identification with the New Testament Church. The community’s resonance with feminism was also limited by evangelical anti-structuralism and an ethic of Christian humility and moderation. Established constructions of gender equality and inequality in established scholarly, and especially feminist, literature could not fully explain this unusual blend. This paper argues that agency and empowerment can be available to women because of the theological content of their religion.
Learning and Unlearning: Some Reflections on Feminist Praxis and Pedagogic Practice in Religious Studies and Religious Education
Authors: Robinson Catherine , Cush Denise
Published: March 2018

This article evaluates the actual impact and potential implications of feminist pedagogy for Religious Studies in universities and Religious Education in schools. It is based on the authors’ experience in the UK, including some international comparisons, with a focus on teaching and learning from a feminist perspective. Applying Grimmitt’s threefold model of pedagogy as encompassing aims and content as well as method, this article examines the evidence and extent of change in curricula both in universities and in schools in order to identify where change is required and what that change might be. It demonstrates how feminist pedagogy challenges Religious Studies and Religious Education to rethink their content, methods and aims in a variety of ways, pointing to significant advances and areas yet to be addressed. In so doing, it takes account of diverse feminist voices, other pedagogical priorities and other issues surrounding sex, gender and sexuality that challenge the category of the feminine and the appropriateness of a gendered analysis.
Assessment of Methods for Passive Microwave Snow Cover Mapping Using FY-3C/MWRI Data in China
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Jiang Lingmei , Wu Shengli , Hao Shirui , Wang Gongxue , Yang Jianwei
Published: March 2018

Ongoing information on snow and its extent is critical for understanding global water and energy cycles. Passive microwave data have been widely used in snow cover mapping given their long-time observation capabilities under all-weather conditions. However, assessments of different passive microwave (PMW) snow cover area (SCA) mapping algorithms have rarely been reported, especially in China. In this study, the performances of seven PMW SCA mapping algorithms were tested using in situ snow depth measurements and a one-kilometer Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) snow cover product over China. The selected algorithms are the FY3 algorithm, Grody’s algorithm, the South China algorithm, Kelly’s algorithm, Singh’s algorithm, Hall’s algorithm and Neal’s algorithm. During the test period, most algorithms performed reasonably well. The overall accuracy of all algorithms is higher than 0.895 against in situ observations and higher than 0.713 against the IMS product. In general, Singh’s algorithm, Hall’s algorithm and Neal’s algorithm had poor performance during the test. Their misclassification errors were larger than those of the remaining algorithms. Grody’s algorithm, the South China algorithm and Kelly’s algorithm had higher positive predictive values and lower omission errors than those of the others. The errors of these three algorithms were mainly caused by variations in commission errors. Comparing to Grody’s algorithm, the South China algorithm and Kelly’s algorithm, the FY3 algorithm presented a conservative snow cover estimation to balance the problem between snow identification and overestimation. As a result, the overall accuracy of the FY3 algorithm was the highest of all the tested algorithms. The accuracy of all algorithms tended to decline with a decreased snow cover fraction as well as SD < 5 cm. All tested algorithms have severe omission errors over barren land and grasslands. The results shown in this study contribute to ongoing efforts to improve the performance and applicability of PMW SCA algorithms.
Comparison of Satellite-Derived Phytoplankton Size Classes Using In-Situ Measurements in the South China Sea
Authors: Hu Shuibo , Zhou Wen , Wang Guifen , Cao Wenxi , Xu Zhantang , Liu Huizeng , Wu Guofeng , Zhao Wenjing
Published: March 2018

Ocean colour remote sensing is used as a tool to detect phytoplankton size classes (PSCs). In this study, the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) phytoplankton size classes (PSCs) products were compared with in-situ High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) data for the South China Sea (SCS), collected from August 2006 to September 2011. Four algorithms were evaluated to determine their ability to detect three phytoplankton size classes. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and absorption spectra of phytoplankton (aph(λ)) were also measured to help understand PSC’s algorithm performance. Results show that the three abundance-based approaches performed better than the inherent optical property (IOP)-based approach in the SCS. The size detection of microplankton and picoplankton was generally better than that of nanoplankton. A three-component model was recommended to produce maps of surface PSCs in the SCS. For the IOP-based approach, satellite retrievals of inherent optical properties and the PSCs algorithm both have impacts on inversion accuracy. However, for abundance-based approaches, the selection of the PSCs algorithm seems to be more critical, owing to low uncertainty in satellite Chl-a input data
Printing and Folding: A Solution for High-Throughput Processing of Organic Thin-Film Thermoelectric Devices
Authors: Mortazavinatanzi Seyedmohammad , Rezaniakolaei Alireza , Rosendahl Lasse
Published: March 2018

Wearable electronics are rapidly expanding, especially in applications like health monitoring through medical sensors and body area networks (BANs). Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have been the main candidate among the different types of energy harvesting methods for body-mounted or even implantable sensors. Introducing new semiconductor materials like organic thermoelectric materials and advancing manufacturing techniques are paving the way to overcome the barriers associated with the bulky and inflexible nature of the common TEGs and are making it possible to fabricate flexible and biocompatible modules. Yet, the lower efficiency of these materials in comparison with bulk-inorganic counterparts as well as applying them mostly in the form of thin layers on flexible substrates limits their applications. This research aims to improve the functionality of thin and flexible organic thermoelectric generators (OTEs) by utilizing a novel design concept inspired by origami. The effects of critical geometric parameters are investigated using COMSOL Multiphysics to further prove the concept of printing and folding as an approach for the system level optimization of printed thin film TEGs.
Comparison of Portable and Bench-Top Spectrometers for Mid-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Measurements of Soils
Authors: Hutengs Christopher , Ludwig Bernard , Jung András , Eisele Andreas , Vohland Michael
Published: March 2018

Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy has received widespread interest as a method to complement traditional soil analysis. Recently available portable MIR spectrometers additionally offer potential for on-site applications, given sufficient spectral data quality. We therefore tested the performance of the Agilent 4300 Handheld FTIR (DRIFT spectra) in comparison to a Bruker Tensor 27 bench-top instrument in terms of (i) spectral quality and measurement noise quantified by wavelet analysis; (ii) accuracy of partial least squares (PLS) calibrations for soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), pH, clay and sand content with a repeated cross-validation analysis; and (iii) key spectral regions for these soil properties identified with a Monte Carlo spectral variable selection approach. Measurements and multivariate calibrations with the handheld device were as good as or slightly better than Bruker equipped with a DRIFT accessory, but not as accurate as with directional hemispherical reflectance (DHR) data collected with an integrating sphere. Variations in noise did not markedly affect the accuracy of multivariate PLS calibrations. Identified key spectral regions for PLS calibrations provided a good match between Agilent and Bruker DHR data, especially for SOC and N. Our findings suggest that portable FTIR instruments are a viable alternative for MIR measurements in the laboratory and offer great potential for on-site applications.
Self-Sensing of Position-Related Loads in Continuous Carbon Fibers-Embedded 3D-Printed Polymer Structures Using Electrical Resistance Measurement
Authors: Luan Congcong , Yao Xinhua , Shen Hongyao , Fu Jianzhong
Published: March 2018

Condition monitoring in polymer composites and structures based on continuous carbon fibers show overwhelming advantages over other potentially competitive sensing technologies in long-gauge measurements due to their great electromechanical behavior and excellent reinforcement property. Although carbon fibers have been developed as strain- or stress-sensing agents in composite structures through electrical resistance measurements, the electromechanical behavior under flexural loads in terms of different loading positions still lacks adequate research, which is the most common situation in practical applications. This study establishes the relationship between the fractional change in electrical resistance of carbon fibers and the external loads at different loading positions along the fibers’ longitudinal direction. An approach for real-time monitoring of flexural loads at different loading positions was presented simultaneously based on this relationship. The effectiveness and feasibility of the approach were verified by experiments on carbon fiber-embedded three-dimensional (3D) printed thermoplastic polymer beam. The error in using the provided approach to monitor the external loads at different loading positions was less than 1.28%. The study fully taps the potential of continuous carbon fibers as long-gauge sensory agents and reinforcement in the 3D-printed polymer structures.
ABS-SmartComAgri: An Agent-Based Simulator of Smart Communication Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks for Debugging in Precision Agriculture
Authors: García-Magariño Iván , Lacuesta Raquel , Lloret Jaime
Published: March 2018

Smart communication protocols are becoming a key mechanism for improving communication performance in networks such as wireless sensor networks. However, the literature lacks mechanisms for simulating smart communication protocols in precision agriculture for decreasing production costs. In this context, the current work presents an agent-based simulator of smart communication protocols for efficiently managing pesticides. The simulator considers the needs of electric power, crop health, percentage of alive bugs and pesticide consumption. The current approach is illustrated with three different communication protocols respectively called (a) broadcast, (b) neighbor and (c) low-cost neighbor. The low-cost neighbor protocol obtained a statistically-significant reduction in the need of electric power over the neighbor protocol, with a very large difference according to the common interpretations about the Cohen’s d effect size. The presented simulator is called ABS-SmartComAgri and is freely distributed as open-source from a public research data repository. It ensures the reproducibility of experiments and allows other researchers to extend the current approach.
Supercritical CO2 Extracts and Volatile Oil of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Comparison with Conventional Methods
Authors: Coelho José , Veiga Jerson , Karmali Amin , Nicolai Marisa , Pinto Reis Catarina , Nobre Beatriz , Palavra António
Published: March 2018

Interest in new products from aromatic plants as medical and nutritional compounds is increasing. The aim of this work was to apply different extraction methods, including the use of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, and to test the antioxidant activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) extracts. In vitro efficacy assessments were performed using enzymatic assays. Essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation and volatile oil obtained from supercritical fluid extraction were analyzed by gas chromatography to quantify components. The total phenolic content in the extracts ranged from 35.5 ± 2.9 to 85.3 ± 8.6 mg of gallic acid equivalents and the total flavonoid content ranged from 35.5 ± 2.9 to 93.3 ± 3.9 micromole catechin equivalents per gram of dry weight of extract. All the extracts showed an antioxidant activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and the reducing power test. Extracts obtained from methanol had a higher antioxidant capacity per the DPPH test results (IC50 = 3.05 ± 0.36 mg/mL) and the reducing power test assay 306.8 ± 21.8 μmol of trolox equivalents per gram of extract (TE/g) compared with ethanolic or supercritical fluid extracts. However, using the ABTS assay, the extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction had a higher antioxidant capacity with an IC50 of 1.74 ± 0.05 mg/mL. Finally, the examined extracts showed practically no acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory capacity and a slight inhibitory activity against tyrosinase.
Moving to a Low-Carbon Economy in China: Decoupling and Decomposition Analysis of Emission and Economy from a Sector Perspective
Authors: Jiang Rui , Zhou Yulin , Li Rongrong
Published: March 2018

Understanding decoupling China’s emissions from the economy and identifying the drivers of emissions at a sector perspective can facilitate China’s move to a low-carbon economy that makes economic growth compatible with carbon reduction. This study combined decoupling and decomposition econometric techniques to quantify both the decoupling effects and the driving elements of carbon emissions in China’s six major sectors. The study found that the leading source of all carbon emissions in China come from the industrial sector, followed by the ‘Other’ sectors and the Transport sector. Further, the decoupling status in those sectors differed: Construction (weak decoupling), other (weak decoupling), Trade (weak decoupling), Industry (weak decoupling), Transport (expansive coupling) and Agriculture (expansive negative decoupling). Finally, the economic output effect becomes the major contributor for carbon emissions among these six sectors, followed by the energy intensity effect. However, the energy structure effect and carbon coefficient effect are both weak.
The Sustainability Narrative in Contemporary Architecture: Falling Short of Building a Sustainable Future
Authors: Martek Igor , Hosseini M. , Shrestha Asheem , Zavadskas Edmundas , Seaton Stewart
Published: March 2018

Sustainability has emerged, arguably, as the premiere mission of contemporary architecture. Green assessment tools abound, consultancy services flourish, buildings are marketed on the basis of sustainability performance, and government, media, and corporations seem preoccupied with assessing the quality of the built environment through a green lens. Yet for all the effort, and indeed for all the progress made, fundamental issues resistant to the structural change that is essential for genuine sustainability remain. This paper reviews the state of play of sustainability across the urban landscape. It considers the road travelled so far, and points out some of the major challenges that lie ahead.
Life Cycle Assessment of a Highly Diverse Vegetable Multi-Cropping System in Fengqiu County, China
Authors: Li Li , Wu Wenliang , Giller Paul , O’Halloran John , Liang Long , Peng Peng , Zhao Guishen
Published: March 2018

Agricultural biodiversity usually leads to greater sustainability in production practices. To understand the environmental implications of the development of village-level multi-cropping in rural China, we compared the environmental impact of a highly diverse vegetable multi-cropping system to a conventional wheat/maize rotation system based on the method of life cycle assessment (LCA). Using household level cultivation data, this study examined the gate-to-gate environmental impacts of on-site cultivation practices relating to the production of 10,000 nutrient equivalent units. Results show that vegetable multi-cropping resulted in decreased average land requirement, and diesel, water and electricity usage by 69.8%, 62.2%, 71.7%, and 63.4%, respectively, while average nitrogen (Total N), phosphorus (P2O5), and potassium (K2O) usage in vegetable multi-cropping systems decreased by 16.3%, 42.1%, and 75.8%, respectively. Additional corresponding effects led to a decrease in the total global warming, eutrophication, and acidification potentials from external inputs by 21.6%, 16.7%, and 16.2% of the entire system, respectively. Moreover, the midpoint human toxicity potential from pesticide usage of the vegetable multi-cropping system was lower than that of the conventional system. However, the midpoint eco-toxicity potential from pesticide usage was higher due to certain highly toxic substances, and both human and eco-toxicity potentials from heavy metals were all higher by a few orders of magnitudes. Thus, to mitigate these detrimental consequences, some related measures are proposed for sustainable practices in the future implementation of multi-cropping systems.
Construction Projects Assessment Based on the Sustainable Development Criteria by an Integrated Fuzzy AHP and Improved GRA Model
Authors: Hatefi Seyed Morteza , Tamošaitienė Jolanta
Published: March 2018

Due to the increasing population and earth pollution, managing construction and infrastructure projects with less damage to the environment and less pollution is very important. Sustainable development aims at reducing damage to the environment, making projects economical, and increasing comfort and social justice. This study proposes fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and improved grey relational analysis (GRA) to assess construction projects based on the sustainable development criteria. For doing so, sustainable development criteria are first identified in economic, social, and environmental dimensions using literature review, and are then customized for urban construction projects using experts’ opinions. After designing questionnaires and collecting data, fuzzy AHP is used for determining the importance of sustainable development criteria and their subcriteria. Then, improved GRA is employed for assessing six recreational, commercial, and official centers in Isfahan regarding the weights of criteria and subcriteria. The proposed fuzzy AHP-improved GRA help us to prioritize construction projects based on the sustainable development criteria. The results of applying fuzzy AHP show that the weights of economic, social, and environmental criteria are equal to 0.330, 0.321, and 0.349, respectively, which are close to each other. This means that the importance of all three aspects of sustainability is almost equal to each other. Furthermore, “Having profits for the society”, “Increasing social justice”, and “Adherence to environmental policies” are identified as the most important indicators of sustainable development in terms of economic, social, and environmental aspects, respectively. Finally, the results of employing improved GRA determine Negin Chaharbagh recreational and commercial complex as the best project.
Why and How Do We Study Sediment Transport? Focus on Coastal Zones and Ongoing Methods
Authors: Ouillon Sylvain
Published: March 2018

Scientific research on sediment dynamics in the coastal zone and along the littoral zone has evolved considerably over the last four decades. It benefits from a technological revolution that provides the community with cheaper or free tools for in situ study (e.g., sensors, gliders), remote sensing (satellite data, video cameras, drones) or modelling (open source models). These changes favour the transfer of developed methods to monitoring and management services. On the other hand, scientific research is increasingly targeted by public authorities towards finalized studies in relation to societal issues. Shoreline vulnerability is an object of concern that grows after each marine submersion or intense erosion event. Thus, during the last four decades, the production of knowledge on coastal sediment dynamics has evolved considerably, and is in tune with the needs of society. This editorial aims at synthesizing the current revolution in the scientific research related to coastal and littoral hydrosedimentary dynamics, putting into perspective connections between coasts and other geomorphological entities concerned by sediment transport, showing the links between many fragmented approaches of the topic, and introducing the papers published in the special issue of Water on “Sediment transport in coastal waters”.
Wave–Current Interaction: A 2DH Model for Turbulent Jet and Bottom-Friction Dissipation
Authors: Pascolo Sara , Petti Marco , Bosa Silvia
Published: March 2018

A correct representation of the non-linear interactions between waves and currents is one of the key points when studying the morphological evolution of nearshore environments, in particular close to river mouths or tidal inlets. Undoubtedly, the numerical modelling of similar phenomena can be very complex and computationally demanding, given the size of the domains. In the present paper, a two‐dimensional horizontal (2DH) numerical model is applied to investigate the hydrodynamics of a turbulent jet current interacting with frontal waves, preparatory to the study of morphodynamical processes. The purpose is to reproduce accurately the turbulence of the current flow, which develops in both vertical and horizontal planes, even with the simplifications of depth-averaged velocities. Moreover, the bottom shear stress induces a mechanism of dissipation, which acts both on the jet hydrodynamics and on the wave field. Significant attention is given to this process, which turns out to be crucial in shallow waters. The present model, based on classic shallow-water equations and wave action balance, is applied to a literature test. Comparisons with theoretical and numerical outcomes are shown, the latter obtained with a quasi-3D model.
Fatigue crack growth characteristics of Fe and Ni under cyclic loading using a quasi-continuum method
Authors: Qiu Ren-Zheng , Lin Yi-Chen , Fang Te-Hua
Published: March 2018

A quasi-continuum (QC) method based on the embedded atom method (EAM) potential was employed to investigate the fatigue crack growth and expansion characteristics of single-crystal Fe and Ni under cyclic loading modes I and II. In particular, the crack growth and expansion characteristics of Fe and Ni under cyclic loading were evaluated in terms of atomic stress fields and force–distance curves. The simulation results indicated that under cyclic loading, the initially damaged area of the crack will coalesce again after compression or shear to the initial geometry leading to a strengthening of the material. If no coalescence appears, the crack spreads rapidly and the material breaks. Moreover, under the cyclic loading of shear at any orientation, the slip dislocation observed in the materials considerably affects the release of stress.
Evolution of Magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor Instability into the Outer Solar Corona and Low Interplanetary Space
Authors: Mishra Sudheer K. , Singh Talwinder , Kayshap P. , Srivastava A. K.
Published: March 2018

We analyze the observations from Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO)-A and B/COR-1 of an eruptive prominence in the intermediate corona on 2011 June 7 at 08:45 UT, which consists of magnetic Rayleigh–Taylor (MRT) unstable plasma segments. Its upper-northward segment shows spatio-temporal evolution of MRT instability in form of finger structures up to the outer corona and low interplanetary space. Using the method of Dolei et al., It is estimated that the density in each bright finger is greater than the corresponding dark region lying below it in the surrounding intermediate corona. The instability is evolved due to wave perturbations that are parallel to the magnetic field at the density interface. We conjecture that the prominence plasma is supported by tension component of the magnetic field against gravity. Through the use of linear stability theory, the magnetic field is estimated as 21–40 mG to suppress growth of MRT instability in the observed finger structures. In the southward plasma segment, a horn-like structure is observed at 11:55 UT in the intermediate corona that also indicates MRT instability. Falling blobs are also observed in both of the plasma segments. In the outer corona, up to 6–13 solar radii, the mushroom-like plasma structures have been identified in the upper-northward MRT unstable plasma segment using STEREO-A/COR-2. These structures most likely grew due to the breaking and twisting of fingers at large spatial scales in weaker magnetic fields. In the lower interplanetary space up to 20 solar radii, these structures are fragmented into various small-scale localized plasma spikes, most likely due to turbulent mixing.
Ultraviolet Detection of the Binary Companion to the Type IIb SN 2001ig
Authors: Ryder Stuart D. , Dyk Schuyler D. Van , Fox Ori D. , Zapartas Emmanouil , Mink Selma E. de , Smith Nathan , Brunsden Emily , Bostroem K. Azalee , Filippenko Alexei V. , Shivvers Isaac , Zheng WeiKang
Published: March 2018

We present HST/WFC3 ultraviolet imaging in the F275W and F336W bands of the Type IIb SN 2001ig at an age of more than 14 years. A clear point source is detected at the site of the explosion, with m
F275W = 25.39 ± 0.10 and m
F336W = 25.88 ± 0.13 mag. Despite weak constraints on both the distance to the host galaxy NGC 7424 and the line-of-sight reddening to the supernova, this source matches the characteristics of an early B-type main-sequence star with 19,000 < T
eff < 22,000 K and

. A BPASS v2.1 binary evolution model, with primary and secondary masses of 13 M
⊙ and 9 M
⊙, respectively, is found to simultaneously resemble, in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, both the observed location of this surviving companion, and the primary star evolutionary endpoints for other Type IIb supernovae. This same model exhibits highly variable late-stage mass loss, as expected from the behavior of the radio light curves. A Gemini/GMOS optical spectrum at an age of 6 years reveals a narrow He ii
λ4686 emission line, indicative of continuing interaction with a dense circumstellar medium at large radii from the progenitor. We review our findings on SN 2001ig in the context of binary evolution channels for stripped-envelope supernovae. Owing to the uncrowded nature of its environment in the ultraviolet, this study of SN 2001ig represents one of the cleanest detections to date of a surviving binary companion to a Type IIb supernova.
Determining the Nature of White Dwarfs from Low-frequency Gravitational Waves
Authors: Han Wen-Biao , Fan Xi-Long
Published: March 2018

An extreme-mass-ratio system composed of a white dwarf (WD) and a massive black hole can be observed by low-frequency gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). When the mass of the black hole is around 104 ∼ 105
M
⊙, the WD will be disrupted by the tidal interaction at the final inspiraling stage. The event position and time of the tidal disruption of the WD can be accurately determined by the gravitational wave signals. Such position and time depend upon the mass of the black hole and especially on the density of the WD. We present the theory that by using LISA-like gravitational wave detectors, the mass–radius relation and the equations of state of WDs could be strictly constrained (accuracy up to 0.1%). We also point out that LISA can accurately predict the disruption time of a WD and forecast the electromagnetic follow-up of this tidal disruption event.
The [O iii] Profiles of Infrared-selected Active Galactic Nuclei: More Powerful Outflows in the Obscured Population
Authors: DiPompeo M. A. , Hickox R. C. , Carroll C. M. , Runnoe J. C. , Mullaney J. R. , Fischer T. C.
Published: March 2018

We explore the kinematics of ionized gas via the [O iii] λ5007 emission lines in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) selected on the basis of their mid-infrared (IR) emission, and split into obscured and unobscured populations based on their optical−IR colors. After correcting for differences in redshift distributions, we provide composite spectra of spectroscopically and photometrically defined obscured/Type 2 and unobscured/Type 1 AGNs from 3500 to 7000 Å. The IR-selected obscured sources contain a mixture of narrow-lined Type 2 AGNs and intermediate sources that have broad Hα emission and significantly narrower Hβ. Using both [O iii] luminosities and AGN luminosities derived from optical−IR spectral energy distribution fitting, we find evidence for enhanced large-scale obscuration in the obscured sources. In matched bins of luminosity we find that the obscured population typically has broader, more blueshifted [O iii] emission than in the unobscured sample, suggestive of more powerful AGN-driven outflows. This trend is not seen in spectroscopically classified samples, and is unlikely to be entirely explained by orientation effects. In addition, outflow velocities increase from small to moderate AGN E(B − V) values, before flattening out (as traced by FWHM) and even decreasing (as traced by blueshift). While difficult to fully interpret in a single physical model, due to both the averaging over populations and the spatially averaged spectra, these results agree with previous findings that simple geometric unification models are insufficient for the IR-selected AGN population, and may fit into an evolutionary model for obscured and unobscured AGNs.
Sun-to-Earth MHD Simulation of the 2000 July 14 “Bastille Day” Eruption
Authors: Török Tibor , Downs Cooper , Linker Jon A. , Lionello R. , Titov Viacheslav S. , Mikić Zoran , Riley Pete , Caplan Ronald M. , Wijaya Janvier
Published: March 2018

Solar eruptions are the main driver of space-weather disturbances at Earth. Extreme events are of particular interest, not only because of the scientific challenges they pose, but also because of their possible societal consequences. Here we present a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of the 2000 July 14 “Bastille Day” eruption, which produced a very strong geomagnetic storm. After constructing a “thermodynamic” MHD model of the corona and solar wind, we insert a magnetically stable flux rope along the polarity inversion line of the eruption’s source region and initiate the eruption by boundary flows. More than 1033 erg of magnetic energy is released in the eruption within a few minutes, driving a flare, an extreme-ultraviolet wave, and a coronal mass ejection (CME) that travels in the outer corona at ≈1500 km s−1, close to the observed speed. We then propagate the CME to Earth, using a heliospheric MHD code. Our simulation thus provides the opportunity to test how well in situ observations of extreme events are matched if the eruption is initiated from a stable magnetic equilibrium state. We find that the flux-rope center is very similar in character to the observed magnetic cloud, but arrives ≈8.5 hr later and ≈15° too far to the north, with field strengths that are too weak by a factor of ≈1.6. The front of the flux rope is highly distorted, exhibiting localized magnetic field concentrations as it passes 1 au. We discuss these properties with regard to the development of space-weather predictions based on MHD simulations of solar eruptions.
Taxonomic studies of Glochidion (Phyllanthaceae) from the Indo-China Peninsula (I): G. shanense, a new species from Myanmar
Authors: Yao Gang , Cai Jie , Wu Youheng , Yang Xuefei , Oo Thaung Naing , Moe Aung Zaw , Luo Shixiao
Published: March 2018

Based on morphological studies performed on live plants in the field and specimens deposited in herbaria, a new species, Glochidionshanense Gang Yao & Shixiao Luo (Phyllantheae, Phyllanthaceae), is here described and illustrated. The species is morphologically most similar to G.ellipticum Wight, but can be distinguished from the latter by having hairy branchlets, longer pedicels, uniseriate and narrowly triangular sepals of female flowers, 4–5-locular ovaries, stout and cylindric persistent style on fruits.
Les entrepreneurs et intrapreneurs du changement
Authors: Dardaillon Matthieu
Published: March 2018

Ticket for Change accompagne ces entrepreneurs du changement qui veulent résoudre des problèmes de société en conciliant business et sens. En trois ans, plus de 300 projets ont déjà été lancés, dont certains en collaboration avec de grandes entreprises.
Comment créer de nouveaux degrés de liberté dans les grandes entreprises ?
Authors: Ballarin Bertrand , El Habti Hicham , Deheunynck Pierre
Published: March 2018

Face à des marchés qui évoluent à vitesse accélérée, les entreprises s’efforcent de gagner en agilité et en créativité, en accordant davantage d’initiative à leurs collaborateurs. Par l’exploration de voies nouvelles, Michelin, OCP et ENGIE démontrent que cette évolution est à la portée des grands groupes.
La protection du Parc national des Virunga en région de Butembo (R. D. Congo) : développement durable ou développement des populations ?
Authors: Vikanza Paul Katembo
Published: March 2018

L’exemple du Parc national des Virunga, son histoire et ses évolutions récentes, démontrent que, pour un développement durable, la conservation ne doit plus apparaître à l’opposé du développement. La violence de la situation analysée démontre la complexité des enjeux et des intérêts en présence. Conservation et développement s’affirment nécessaires et concomitants afin d’assurer aux populations le bien-être des populations.
Quelle place pour les « économies populaires » dans le « développement réel » du XXI e siècle ? Une question ouverte en lieu de postface
Authors: Peemans Jean-Philippe
Published: March 2018

Ayant rappelé comment l’évolution de la conceptualisation des « réalités économiques informelles ou populaires » a participé aux débats qui ont traversé les discours sur le développement, cette postface montre comment ces changements ont contribué à changer, ou non, les « réalités populaires » et tente de vérifier si la violence au cœur du « développement réel » du début du XXI e siècle n’a pas contribué à éroder, ou à dissoudre, ce qui faisait l’originalité des « secteurs populaires ». Enfin, on pose la question des capacités de résilience des « acteurs populaires » dans ce contexte de changements rapides.
La promotion de l’allaitement maternel chez les femmes en situation de précarité en Haute-Normandie
Authors: Dornier Aurélie
Published: March 2018

Introduction : En France, la prévalence de l’allaitement maternel chez les femmes en situation de précarité est inférieure au reste de la population. La Haute-Normandie est une région fortement touchée par la précarité, en particulier chez les femmes. Objectif principal : Déterminer l’offre en matière de promotion de l’allaitement maternel à destination des femmes en situation de précarité en Haute-Normandie. Objectifs secondaires : Décrire la prévalence de l’allaitement maternel et identifier les freins à l’allaitement maternel dans cette population. Méthodes : Cette étude observationnelle transversale a été menée sur cette région de mars à juin 2015, en trois volets : 1) envoi de questionnaires aux acteurs accompagnant les femmes en situation de précarité ; 2) analyse des certificats de santé obligatoires chez l’enfant et 3)  entretiens sociologiques chez 15 femmes en situation de précarité. Résultats : Parmi les 29 structures ayant répondu favorablement, seules quatre avaient mis en place des actions d’accompagnement à l’allaitement maternel auprès des femmes en situation de précarité, avec des retours positifs. À peine la moitié des femmes en situation de précarité avait initié un allaitement maternel en Haute-Normandie (Eure = 50 %, Seine-Maritime = 54 %). Enfin, les facteurs habituellement connus pour influencer l’allaitement et sa durée ont été retrouvés chez les femmes en situation de précarité. Conclusion : Des pistes d’actions de soutien de l’allaitement maternel auprès des mères en situation de précarité ont pu être élaborées, orientant ainsi les politiques locales en matière de diminution des inégalités sociales de santé sur le territoire de santé de Haute-Normandie.
Les ordonnances collectives et la qualité des soins au triage des urgences : synthèse des connaissances
Authors: Lacroix Marie-Claude , Borgès Da Silva Roxane
Published: March 2018

Introduction : Le débordement des départements d’urgence est un problème général dans les pays occidentaux. Il engendre des résultats négatifs chez les patients et influence la qualité des soins. Les ordonnances collectives sont une piste envisageable pour améliorer la qualité des soins et donc la performance du système de santé. Le but de l’article est de documenter, par une revue intégrative, les effets sur la qualité des soins des ordonnances collectives initiées par les infirmières au triage dans les départements d’urgence. Méthodes : Les dimensions de la qualité des soins selon l’Institute of Medicine (2001) ont été utilisées comme cadre de référence. Une revue intégrative a été effectuée par le repérage d’articles à partir de Cochrane , CINALH , EMBASE , Medline , PubMed et Google Scholar . Au total, 23 articles ont été retenus et analysés. Résultats : La revue intégrative a permis de documenter les effets des ordonnances collectives initiées au triage par les infirmières sur les six dimensions de la qualité des soins : l’efficience, les soins axés sur le patient, l’efficacité, les soins opportuns, la sécurité et l’équité. Les ordonnances collectives présentent un potentiel pour améliorer l’efficience des soins offerts en diminuant, entre autres, le délai avant les traitements et les examens diagnostiques et la durée de séjour des patients aux urgences. Conclusion : Les ordonnances collectives initiées par les infirmières au triage dans les départements d’urgence peuvent avoir des effets positifs sur la qualité des soins prodigués au patient. D’autres recherches avec des devis de recherche plus robustes sont nécessaires.
Facteurs associés à la force de la culture organisationnelle dans un hôpital du Bénin
Authors: Sopoh Ghislain Emmanuel , Kouckodila Nzingoula Michael Florian , Sossa Jérôme Charles , Hessou Ahahanzo-Glèlè Yolaine , Damienne Agueh Victoire , Tinoaga Ouédraogo Laurent , Makoutodé Michel
Published: March 2018

Introduction : La culture organisationnelle, concept souvent ignoré, influe sur la satisfaction au travail et la productivité des organisations. Objectif : Déterminer les facteurs associés à la force de la culture organisationnelle (CO) au Centre Hospitalier Départemental (CHD) Mono/Couffo à Lokossa au Bénin. Méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude transversale descriptive et analytique qui a porté sur 121 travailleurs du CHD Mono/Couffo de Lokossa en mars 2015. La collecte des données sur la force de la CO a été réalisée à l’aide d’un questionnaire élaboré selon l’outil de Cameron et Quinn (2006). La nature des relations entre les variables indépendantes et la culture organisationnelle a été explorée par l’estimation des Odds ratios avec la régression logistique. Résultats : Parmi les sujets enquêtés, 62 % avaient une perception positive de la CO. Chez les sujets qui estimaient ne pas avoir le soutien moral de la hiérarchie, le risque de percevoir une force de la CO faible était six fois plus important [OR = 3,78, 95 % IC (1,08 – 13,22)] que chez ceux qui percevaient ce soutien moral. Chez les sujets qui estimaient que les relations avec l’équipe dirigeante n’étaient pas cordiales, le risque de percevoir une force de CO faible était plus élevé [OR = 14,32, 95 % IC (4,35 – 47,11)] par rapport à ceux qui qualifiaient ces relations de cordiales. Conclusion : Les facteurs managériaux et le type de relation avec l’équipe dirigeante étaient associés à la force de la CO. Les dirigeants des hôpitaux devraient accorder plus d’attention à ces facteurs afin d’améliorer la performance institutionnelle.
Facteurs de risque professionnel et perceptions de la pollution de l’air chez les taxis motoristes à Cotonou, Bénin
Authors: Lawin Hervé , Ayi Fanou Lucie , Hinson Vikkey , Tollo Brice , Fayomi Benjamin , Ouendo Edgard-Marius
Published: March 2018

Introduction : L’activité de conduite de taxis motos est prépondérante dans le transport urbain. Elle expose les conducteurs à des facteurs de risques professionnels (FRP) dont la pollution de l’air. La présente étude avait pour objectif d’évaluer ces FRP chez les conducteurs de taxis motos et leurs perceptions de la pollution atmosphérique. Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude mixte sur les conducteurs de taxis motos à Cotonou. L’étude qualitative consistait à conduire des groupes d’entretien sur seize items du guide de dépistage participatif des risques professionnels (DEPARIS) jusqu’à obtenir une saturation après une triangulation des données. L’étude quantitative consistait en l’administration d’un questionnaire portant sur les caractéristiques socioprofessionnelles et démographiques, les maladies cardio-pulmonaires, la perception du facteur de risque pollution de l’air à 397 conducteurs sélectionnés sur les parcs de Cotonou. Résultats : Les conducteurs percevaient le mauvais état des voies, les efforts et manutentions, l’absence de sécurité sociale comme facteurs de risques professionnels insatisfaisants. Leur âge moyen était de 40,9 ± 8,7 ans et 45,8 % avaient le niveau d’instruction primaire. Ils avaient une ancienneté professionnelle moyenne de 134,95 ± 101,53 mois avec un bénéfice de 3 138 ± 1 238 FCFA. Ces derniers facteurs professionnels étaient significativement associés aux affections cardio-pulmonaires retrouvées chez 63,2 % des conducteurs. Moins du tiers estimait que la pollution de l’air affectait leur santé personnelle. Conclusion : Il y a une faible perception des risques et de la gravité du niveau de pollution de l’air dans cette activité. Il est nécessaire de mener des actions pour promouvoir la santé de cette population.
Impact du polyhandicap de l’enfant sur les familles à Abidjan
Authors: N’Dri Koumé Mathias , Yaya Issifou , Zigoli Robertine , Endemel Ayabakan François , Ipou Stéphane Yves , Lambert Moke Botty
Published: March 2018

Introduction : Le polyhandicap d’un enfant a un impact manifeste sur les familles aussi bien dans les pays développés que dans ceux en développement. En Côte d’Ivoire, très peu de données traitent du vécu réel des familles d’enfants polyhandicapés. L’objectif de cette étude était d’améliorer les connaissances sur l’impact du polyhandicap des enfants sur les familles en Côte d’Ivoire. Méthodes : Une étude qualitative a été réalisée auprès des familles consultant le Centre de Guidance Infantile de l’Institut national de santé publique à Abidjan. La collecte des données a été réalisée en mai 2015 à travers d’entretiens individuels semi-directifs auprès de mères d’enfant polyhandicapé. Résultats : Vingt mères d’enfants polyhandicapés âgés de 2 ans à 14 ans ont été interrogées. Il ressort que le polyhandicap de l’enfant a un impact négatif sur les finances, la santé et la vie sociale. Les bilans de santé, les traitements et le transport sont les principaux surcoûts. Les mères sont victimes d’insomnie, de fatigue, de douleurs de dos et d’anxiété et souvent tenues responsables du polyhandicap de leur enfant. L’enfant handicapé est source de discorde dans plusieurs couples et constitue la cause de déscolarisation de la fratrie dans certaines familles. Cette étude traite de façon partielle le vécu des familles des enfants polyhandicapés. Cependant, elle s’accorde avec plusieurs autres études pour mettre en exergue la vulnérabilité et le dysfonctionnement social des familles. Conclusion : La présence d’un enfant polyhandicapé dans une famille est un bouleversement à la fois psychique, financier et social. L’impact du polyhandicap sur toute la famille et l’approfondissement de l’aspect économique sont autant de questions que suscite cette étude.
The Social Lives of Figurines: Recontextualizing the Third-Millennium-BC Terracotta Figurines from Harappa
Authors: Clark Sharri
Published: March 2018

This book is a critical examination of representations of the body in the Indus civilization, focusing on the anthropomorphic terracotta figurines from Harappa and using more flexible notions of sex, gender, and sexuality to explore Indus conceptions of sexual difference as it relates to other aspects of social difference and identity.
Nachbildungen von ›originalen‹ Tanagrafiguren der Kunsthandlung Fritz Gurlitt, Berlin 1882-1886
Authors: Fischer Jutta
Published: March 2018

From 1881 to 1886 the Berlin art dealer Fritz Gurlitt offered for sale replicas of the so-called Tanagra figurines that were handmade and colored copies of terracottas in the museums of Berlin, Paris, London, and St. Petersburg. Thirty of these figurines are still preserved in the Archaeological Collection of the University of Rostock. The current exhibition “Echt Antik! Terrakotten für Salon und Museum” at the German Amber Museum (Deutsches Bernsteinmuseum) in Ribnitz-Damgarten presents these figurines and traces their journey from the excavations at Tanagra to their reproduction for the bourgeois salon (http://www.deutsches-bernsteinmuseum.de/sonderausstellungen.html).
The Collection of Greek Terracotta Figurines at The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Authors: Karoglou Kyriaki
Published: March 2018

The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s collection of Greek figurative terracottas is little known, but its size and scope makes it one of the richest in North America. A brief overview of this collection is presented here.
Il potere dei simboli. Una mostra contro i tombaroli
Authors: Zarba Flavia
Published: March 2018

Symbola. Συμβoλα. Il potere dei simboli. Una mostra contro i tombaroli.10 dicembre 2015 al 15 aprile 2016Stadio di DomizianoA cura di Vincenzo Lemmo
Terracotta Figurines from the Iron IIA Temple at Moza, Judah
Authors: Kisilevitz Shua
Published: March 2018

Four terracotta figurines, of which two are anthropomorphic and two are zoomorphic, were found within an assemblage of cult artifacts lying on the packed earth floor of an Iron IIA temple courtyard unearthed in the course of the renewed excavations at Tel Moza. The figurines are made of local clay, and likely produced with the intention of serving in rituals held at the temple. Though they are idiosyncratic, they incorporate motifs that are drawn from conventions prevalent throughout the Ancient Near East. These figurines are among the earliest Iron II figurines found in the southern Levant, and may constitute forerunners of the ubiquitous Iron IIB figurines prevalent throughout this region.
Two Collaborative Projects for Coroplastic Research, III. The Work of the Academic Year 2015-2016.
Authors: Uhlenbrock Jaimee , Muller Arthur
Published: March 2018

An international team of 7 researchers has been meeting biannually to collaborate on two projects that are envisaged as aids for coroplastic research. The first is the Handbook for Coroplastic Research (HaCoSt), a tool designed for those new to the field of coroplastic studies. The second project has been nicknamed Winter On-Line. This concerns the creation of a searchable version of Franz Winter, Die Typen der figürlichen Terrakotten, 1903, in wiki format.
Figurines de terre cuite et questions de muséographie
Authors: Jeammet Violaine
Published: March 2018

This article constitutes a chapter in the forthcoming Handbook for Coroplastic Research that is in preparation by an international team of researchers. 1 It details the museological approach to the study of Greek figurative terracottas, both past and present, especially as it is represented by the collection of the Louvre Museum.