bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral Microbiota and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Detection of Emerging Fungal Pathogens and Herpesvirus
Authors: Oliveira Manoel Marques Evangelista , Campos Letícia Bomfim , Brito Fernanda , de Carvalho Flavia Martinez , Silva-Junior Geraldo Oliveira , da Costa Gisela Lara , Pinto Tatiane Nobre , de Sousa Rafaela Moraes Pereira , Miranda Rodrigo , Castro Rodolfo , Zaltman Cyrla , de Paula Vanessa Salete
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are the usual clinical forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Changes in the oral microbiota, especially the presence of emerging fungi and herpesviruses, have been shown to worsen the clinical aspects of IBD. The aim of this study was to screen for emerging pathogens in the oral yeast microbiota and the presence of herpesvirus in IBD patients. Methods: Oral swabs of seven UC or CD patients were collected. The samples were plated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and subcultured on CHROMagar Candida and CHROMagar Candida Plus. Polyphasic taxonomy was applied and identified using molecular tools, such as MALDI-TOF MS and ITS partial sequencing. Multiplex qPCR was used to identify the herpesvirus. Results: The mean age was 38.67 ± 14.06 years, 57.14% were female, and two had diabetes. The CD patients presented with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Candida orthopsilosis and Kodamaea jinghongensis, while the UC patients presented with Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis, Candida glabrata, Candida lusitanea and Candida tropicalis. Two UC individuals had at least one herpesvirus. In the first individual, a co-detection of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) and C. lusitaniae was observed. The second presented with co-infections of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Human Herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) and C. tropicalis. Conclusions: We identified rarely described yeasts and co-infections in IBD patients, highlighting the need to identify emerging pathogens in the oral microbiota, as they may contribute to opportunistic infections.
The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions
Authors: Speranza Luisa , Miniaci Maria Concetta , Volpicelli Floriana
Published: February 2025

Dopamine, a key neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is essential for regulating a wide range of physiological processes, including motor control, reward processing, mood regulation, and decision-making [...]
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Individuals Exposed to Radon
Authors: Lesbek Anel , Omori Yasutaka , Bakhtin Meirat , Kazymbet Polat , Tokonami Shinji , Altaeva Nursulu , Ibrayeva Danara , Kashkinbayev Yerlan
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Radon is a significant carcinogen, particularly as a leading cause of lung cancer among non-smokers. While its carcinogenic effects are well documented, the relationship between radon exposure and inflammatory reactions remains underexplored. This systematic review investigates inflammatory biomarkers in individuals exposed to chronic radon exposure and conducts a meta-analysis on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords “radon” AND “inflammation biomarkers” following established guidelines. Studies reporting inflammatory biomarker levels in biological fluids of human participants exposed to residential or occupational radon were included. Statistical analyses, including pooled mean estimates, influence analysis, publication bias, and meta-regression, were performed in RStudio. Results: Ten studies involving 33,099 individuals met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies focused on residential radon exposure, and two examined occupational exposure among uranium miners. Inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and saliva. Among individuals exposed to high residential radon levels, serum CRP and TNF-α were the most frequently assessed biomarkers, with pooled mean levels of 2.11 mg/L (95% CI, 1.32–2.89) and 2.20 pg/mL (95% CI, 0.25–4.64), respectively. Conclusions: Serum CRP and TNF-α levels appear lower in adults with chronic radon exposure, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory effects despite radon’s established carcinogenicity. Future longitudinal studies using standardized methods are crucial to elucidate the long-term health impacts of radon exposure.
Transforming Sleep Monitoring: Review of Wearable and Remote Devices Advancing Home Polysomnography and Their Role in Predicting Neurological Disorders
Authors: Vitazkova Diana , Kosnacova Helena , Turonova Daniela , Foltan Erik , Jagelka Martin , Berki Martin , Micjan Michal , Kokavec Ondrej , Gerhat Filip , Vavrinsky Erik
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the progressive era of sleep monitoring, focusing on wearable and remote devices contributing to advances in the concept of home polysomnography. We begin by exploring the basic physiology of sleep, establishing a theoretical basis for understanding sleep stages and associated changes in physiological variables. The review then moves on to an analysis of specific cutting-edge devices and technologies, with an emphasis on their practical applications, user comfort, and accuracy. Attention is also given to the ability of these devices to predict neurological disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. The paper highlights the integration of hardware innovations, targeted sleep parameters, and partially advanced algorithms, illustrating how these elements converge to provide reliable sleep health information. By bridging the gap between clinical diagnosis and real-world applicability, this review aims to elucidate the role of modern sleep monitoring tools in improving personalised healthcare and proactive disease management.
Neuroinflammatory and Immunological Aspects of Fibromyalgia
Authors: Findeisen Kate , Guymer Emma , Littlejohn Geoffrey
Published: February 2025

Fibromyalgia is a common, high-impact condition of chronic widespread pain and sensory dysfunction associated with altered central and peripheral sensory processing. A growing body of evidence supports the role of neuroinflammation and immune changes in fibromyalgia, and a narrative review of this literature was undertaken. Published data suggest that the interactions between the neural pain networks and the immune system in fibromyalgia appear to be bidirectional and operate both centrally and peripherally. There is a growing focus on processes occurring in the dorsal root ganglia and the role of maladaptive microglial cell activation. Ongoing insight into neuroinflammatory mechanisms in fibromyalgia opens potential avenues for the development of mechanism-based therapies in what is, at present, a challenging-to-manage condition.
Internet Use for Creative Purposes and Its Correlation with Perceived Usefulness, Computer Anxiety, and Emotional Intelligence: The Intermediary Effect of the Perceived Ease of Use
Authors: Demirkol Kurtuluş , İmamoğlu Sena Esin , Kayman Şaziye Serda , İmamoğlu Salih Zeki , Erat Serhat
Published: February 2025

Although researchers have shown great interest in the antecedents and consequences of internet use due to the internet becoming a part of daily life, there is a gap in the literature regarding the factors that affect teachers’ use of the internet for creative purposes. This study aims to empirically examine teachers’ use of the internet for creative purposes and explores its relationship with emotional intelligence, computer anxiety, and the perceived ease of use of the internet. Furthermore, the possible intermediary effect of the perceived ease of use of the internet on creativity among these variables is also empirically investigated. In this context, data were obtained from 264 teachers in the Marmara Region in Turkey using a survey method. To test hypothesized relationships, structural equation modeling was conducted. Findings revealed that computer anxiety has a negative effect on creativity, while perceived usefulness, emotional intelligence, and the perceived ease of use have a positive effect. Our results also supported the partial mediating role of the perceived ease of use in the relationships between emotional intelligence and creativity, as well as between perceived usefulness and creativity, and the full mediating role of the perceived ease of use in the relationship between computer anxiety and creativity. Therefore, this research extends teachers’ understanding of technology acceptance and creativity by linking the two. Moreover, research findings provide important information to shape educational policies or professional development programs on the basis of digital education and offer a different approach to educators.
Experimental Study on Cyclic Loading and Unloading of Remodeled Loess Using True Triaxial Testing
Authors: Guo Dan , Shao Shuai , Shao Shengjun
Published: February 2025

True triaxial tests of cyclic loading and unloading were carried out on remodeled loess, and the effects of the anisotropic consolidation ratio (K=σ1c/σ3c), intermediate principal stress coefficient (b=σ2−σ3/σ1−σ3), and cyclic loading on the deformation characteristics of the loess were analyzed. The results show that principal strain develops in two stages: a rapid initial increase followed by a slower increase until stabilization. Plastic volumetric strain is found to increase with increases in cyclic loading, anisotropic consolidation ratio, and intermediate principal stress coefficient. After normalization, the consolidation mode has a large effect on the plastic volumetric strain ratio, while the intermediate principal stress coefficient has a smaller effect. All types of plastic shear strain exhibit shear shrinkage, increasing with increases in cyclic loading and the intermediate principal stress coefficient, with no obvious relationship with the anisotropic consolidation ratio. After normalization, the consolidation mode and the intermediate principal stress coefficient have significant effects on the plastic shear strain ratio.
A Case Study of Visualization Prediction of Deformation of a Typical Rock Tunnel Using Variable Modal Decomposition Technique, Memory Networks, and BIM Technique
Authors: He Ruibing , Cheng Yao , Wu Danhong , Wang Jing , Liu Guangjin , Wu Li
Published: February 2025

A visual deformation prediction method was proposed to improve the accuracy and visualization of the surrounding rock deformation prediction in tunnel construction, combining the Variational Modal Decomposition (VMD) and Bidirectional Long- and Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network. Based on the VMD method to decompose the measured data of tunnel surrounding rock deformation, the BiLSTM model was used to predict the final deformation value. The prediction results were also embedded into the tunnel’s Building Information Modeling (BIM) as plug-ins, and the data were visualized through graphs and color warnings. Taking the measured data of the arch settlement of the Loushan tunnel as an example, the results showed that the prediction results were more consistent with the measured situation, and the visualization expression could effectively warn of the risk of vault settlement in the construction stage. This study realized the combined use of surrounding rock deformation prediction and BIM technology, which could be used as a reference for similar projects.
The Harmonization of Radon Exposure Mitigation for the Sustainability of Buildings: Assessing the Impact of the EURATOM Directive on European Legislation
Authors: Nunes Leonel J. R. , Curado António
Published: February 2025

Radon exposure is a major health concern associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, particularly in smokers, highlighting the need for effective mitigation measures in enclosed spaces by improving indoor air quality (IAQ), thus ensuring more sustainable buildings. The Euratom Directive, a key piece of EU legislation, sets standards for the protection of workers and the general public from ionizing radiation throughout Europe. It requires member states to implement safety measures, set exposure limits, monitor radon levels, and develop emergency plans and mitigation strategies for nuclear accidents and radiation incidents. The directive also sets reference and action levels for indoor radon. The aim of this article is to analyze the legislation on indoor radon exposure in European countries and to evaluate the impact of the directive on the standardization of the action and intervention levels. By conducting a comprehensive legislative review, this study will compare the action levels, assess the directive’s ability to harmonize the regulations, and identify legislative trends and developments. In addition, it will examine the factors contributing to the discrepancies between countries and highlight areas for improvement to ensure adequate protection against the risks of radon exposure and thereby increase the sustainability of buildings.
Probing the Effect of Business Intelligence on the Performance of Construction Projects Through the Mediating Variable of Project Quality Management
Authors: Golestanizadeh Mahboobeh , Sarvari Hadi , Parishani Amirhossein , Akindele Nelson , Edwards David J.
Published: February 2025

Business intelligence is a new approach to helping project managers and personnel to make correct, informed decisions through preparing a series of analytical reports in a management dashboard by analysing and mining all of the related project data. This study aimed to investigate the effect of business intelligence on the performance of construction projects in Iran through the mediating variable of project quality management. In contrast to prior research that has evaluated the aforementioned variables in isolation, the current study introduced a comprehensive structural model to investigate the interrelationships among business intelligence, quality management, and construction project performance. This study employed a descriptive–correlational methodology utilising structural equation modelling, involving a sample of 102 Iranian construction industry specialists recruited by convenience sampling. Data were gathered using standardised questionnaires and analysed with structural equation modelling (SEM) in Smart-PLS and regression analysis in the SPSS software. The SEM indicated that business intelligence significantly enhances construction project performance (β = 0.534, p < 0.01) and influences project quality management (β = 0.743, p < 0.01) and that project quality management positively affects construction project performance (β = 0.396, p < 0.01). Furthermore, project quality management exerts a slight mediating influence in this relationship, with the indirect effect calculated at 0.295 and the direct effect assessed at 0.534. The regression analysis revealed that the business intelligence variable’s dimensions (technical and managerial, financial and economic, and data and information management) can predict construction project performance, while the technical and managerial and financial and economic dimensions can predict project quality management. Implementing business intelligence technologies in construction project management enhances decision-making for managers and elevates project performance. This study’s findings suggest that managers and specialists should employ data analysis technologies and business intelligence systems to enhance project quality and performance.
Indigenous Igbo Entrepreneurship Scheme: Relevance, Restraints, and Remedies
Authors: Agu Godswill , Margaça Clara
Published: February 2025

African traditional entrepreneurship schemes have gained growing scholarly attention in recent times, with the Indigenous Igbo Entrepreneurship Scheme (IIES) recognized as the most impactful. Although scholars have explored various dimensions of the IIES, they agree that the phenomenon requires more exploration in order to position it properly in the global literature of entrepreneurship and support its adoption in other regions beyond the Igbo context. Currently, very few studies have investigated the roles, impediments, and possible solutions to the challenges faced by the IIES, and none is known that covers these three areas simultaneously. By deploying a mixed research method involving in-depth interviews with IIES enrollees and trainers, and a systematic literature review, this study proposes the 3Rs framework to the IIES. Thus, it anchors on the entrepreneurial venture creation theory and the multidimensional construct to explore the IIES’s relevance, restraints, and remedies. Several findings relating to the relevance of the scheme, such as its economic, social, financial, and environmental contributions, the restraints (informality, lack of regulation, eroding trust, and dwindling enrolment), and the remedies (including the formulation of regulatory policies, formalization of the scheme, talent hunting, and rekindling the spiritual side) are highlighted. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Cardiac Tumors Causing Sudden Cardiac Death: A State-of-the-Art Review in Pathology
Authors: Salzillo Cecilia , Lucà Stefano , Ronchi Andrea , Franco Renato , Iacobellis Giulia , Leggio Alessia , Marzullo Andrea
Published: February 2025

Cardiac tumors (CTs), although rare, can be a significant cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD), particularly when not diagnosed early. The tumors most associated with SCD include myxomas, fibromas, rhabdomyomas, and sarcomas, which can cause fatal arrhythmias, blood flow obstruction, or embolization. Myxomas, which often develop in the left atrium, can cause valvular obstruction or cerebral emboli, while malignant tumors, such as sarcomas, can infiltrate the myocardium or conduction system, causing serious arrhythmias. Rhabdomyomas, which are common in children and associated with tuberous sclerosis, can lead to ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Early diagnosis using advanced imaging techniques such as echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging is crucial for preventing SCD. Timely diagnosis and precise characterization of lesions can help reduce the risk of SCD, thus improving the clinical management of patients, with the aim of supporting personalized treatment and improving life prospects. In this state-of-the-art review, we analyze the association between CTs and SCD, with particular attention to the histological features of benign and malignant neoplasms. Through an updated overview of the pathological aspects, we aim to improve the understanding of these tumors and promote a more effective multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach to prevent fatal events.
Outcomes of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Populations with Obesity and Their Risk of Developing Colorectal Cancer: Where Do We Stand? An Umbrella Review on Behalf of TROGSS—The Robotic Global Surgical Society
Authors: Goyal Aman , Macias Christian Adrian , Corzo Maria Paula , Tomey Daniel , Shetty Sachin , Peña Victor , Bulut Halil , Abou-Mrad Adel , Marano Luigi , Oviedo Rodolfo J.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased risk for several cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The majority of CRC cases are associated with modifiable risk factors. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a proven, durable, and successful intervention for obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of MBS on CRC risk through measures of association, such as relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR). Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Embase was conducted to identify systematic reviews (SR) and meta-analyses examining the relationship between obesity treated with MBS and CRC incidence. The PICO framework guided inclusion criteria, and three independent reviewers screened articles using Rayyan software. Quality assessment was performed using AMSTAR2. Results: Of 1336 screened articles, 10 SR met inclusion criteria, encompassing 53,452,658 patients. Meta-analyses consistently showed a significant reduction in CRC risk following MBS in patients with severe obesity. Risk reductions were reported by Liu et al. (RR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32–0.67, p < 0.01), Chierici et al. (RR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.28–0.75, p = 0.018), Wilson et al. (RR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53–0.88, p = 0.003), and Pararas et al. (RR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.40–0.80, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses supported these findings. For colon cancer, Liu and Chierici both reported an RR of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.46–1.21, p = 0.2444) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 89%). A trend towards reduced rectal cancer risk (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.40–1.39, p = 0.3523) was noted but limited by fewer studies. Sex-specific analyses revealed protective effects in both sexes, with a more pronounced impact in females (RR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.37–0.79, p = 0.0014). Conclusions: This umbrella review synthesizes current evidence on the impact of MBS on CRC risk, highlighting a consistent protective association. The findings also indicate a potential risk reduction for both colon and rectal cancer, with a more pronounced effect observed among females compared to males. Given the profound implications of MBS on cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality, further high-quality, long-term studies are essential to deepen our understanding and optimize its role in cancer prevention and patient care.
Dermoscopy of External Ear Melanocytic Lesions: Performance of Selected Dermoscopic Screening Algorithms and Proposal of a New Predictive Model for Malignancy (AuriCheck Dermoscopic Algorithm)
Authors: Żółkiewicz Jakub , Thomas Luc , Kamińska-Winciorek Grażyna , Pastuszak Krzysztof , Kunc Michał , Maińska Urszula , Sobjanek Michał , Sławińska Martyna
Published: February 2025

Dermoscopy is a non-invasive imaging technique that significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing skin disorders [...]
Self-Assembly of Benzyloxycarbonyl Histidine with Zinc Ions for the Construction of Esterase Mimics
Authors: Sun Jiacheng , Guo Jingjing , Liu Ling , Liu Yu , Yu Linling , Sun Yan
Published: February 2025

Esterases have been applied in many industrial fields. However, many esterases have inherent defects as natural enzyme, such as low long-term storability, poor operational stability, and difficulty in recovery for reuse. Herein, two histidine derivatives with different structures, L-benzyloxycarbonyl histidine (Z-L-His) and D-benzyloxycarbonyl histidine (Z-D-His), were used to self-assemble with zinc ions to construct esterase mimics (Z-L-His/Zn2+ and Z-D-His/Zn2+) based on a minimalist strategy. Two natural enzymes were used for comparison. It was found that the Z-His structure influenced only the stereoselectivity of the enzyme mimic. The kinetics of Z-L-His/Zn2+ followed the classical Michaelis–Menten equation, and its catalytic efficiency was comparable to that of natural enzymes. It was verified that Z-L-His/Zn2+ had good catalytic stability over a wide range of pH, organic solvent concentrations, ionic strengths, and incubation temperatures. Z-L-His/Zn2+ retained high activity after incubation in different environments for 7 d, demonstrating excellent long-term storage stability. Moreover, Z-L-His/Zn2+ exhibited good reusability, retaining 93% of its original activity after six cycles, proving its potential for industrial applications in mimicking esterase.
Do Most Children with Functional Constipation Meet the Commonly Used Clinical Trial Endpoints?
Authors: Arrizabalo Samantha , Velasco-Benitez Carlos Alberto , Velasco-Suarez Daniela Alejandra , Giner Rafael , Saps Miguel
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Functional constipation (FC) is diagnosed using the Rome IV criteria, which require at least two of seven symptoms for diagnosis. Clinical trials evaluating FC treatments commonly use bowel movement frequency, stool consistency, and fecal incontinence as primary endpoints. However, there is limited data on whether these endpoints accurately represent the symptom distribution in children with FC. This study assessed the frequency of each criterion in a large children’s community sample to determine whether commonly used clinical trial endpoints accurately reflect symptom distribution. Methods: A cross-sectional study of school children aged 8–18 years was conducted across seven Colombian cities. Participants completed the Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rome IV Questionnaire (QPGS-IV). The prevalence of FC and the distribution of diagnostic criteria were analyzed, calculating the percentage of each criterion. Results: 6611 children completed the questionnaires. FC was diagnosed in 12.8% of participants, making it the most common disorder of gut–brain interaction. The most reported criteria were fewer than two stools per week (66.1%) and painful bowel movements (65%), while fecal incontinence was uncommon (6.9%). 60.5% of participants met only two criteria, with two or fewer defecations per week and painful bowel movements being the most common combination. Conclusions: This study reveals significant variability in Rome IV criteria prevalence for FC, highlighting disparities between the most common endpoints in clinical trials and symptom distribution in a community-based cohort. Painful bowel movements emerged as a critical diagnostic component but remain underutilized as an endpoint in pediatric trials. These findings suggest the possible need to reassess endpoint selection in clinical trials.
The Clinical Phenotype of Early Selective Mutism and Later Autism Spectrum Disorder in Girls: A Case Series Analysis
Authors: Nagar Shimoni Hagit , Zilbershot Fink Efrat , Leitner Yael
Published: February 2025

Background: The presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in girls often differs from that of boys, leading to delayed diagnosis. Selective mutism presenting at a young age can obscure autism symptoms, particularly in girls who exhibit “masking” behaviors. In this study, we examined the early manifestation of selective mutism in four girls who were later diagnosed with ASD. Method: The study describes four case studies of girls who underwent an ASD diagnostic process. All were either diagnosed at an early age with selective mutism or had selective mutism suspected as a potential diagnosis during their preschool years. Clinical information was collected through detailed developmental history and clinical evaluations by a multidisciplinary team. Results: All girls were diagnosed at a young age with selective mutism by a child psychiatrist and later with ASD by a multidisciplinary team. They all demonstrated normal-range intelligence. This is in agreement with Muris and Steffenburg asserting that in a certain group of children, an early manifestation of selective mutism may be an early marker of ASD. Conclusions: Special follow-up should be given to girls diagnosed with selective mutism during their preschool years because this could be an early marker for a later ASD diagnosis.
Effects of Protamine Reversal on Coagulation Parameters After High-Dose Heparin Administration in Percutaneous Hepatic Chemosaturation Intervention
Authors: Metze Michael , Zimmermann Silke , Kirsten Holger , Werdehausen Robert , Veelken Rhea , van Bömmel Florian , Denecke Timm , Meyer Hans-Jonas , Ebel Sebastian , Struck Manuel Florian
Published: February 2025

Background: Intravenous protamine administration for heparin reversal after percutaneous hepatic chemosaturation intervention is generally recommended, but its effectiveness on coagulation parameters remains unclear. Methods: In a single-center retrospective observational study, the effects of different postinterventional protamine doses on the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen, platelet count (PLT), and hemoglobin (Hb) were analyzed in consecutive patients who underwent high-dose heparin administration (>300 U/kg body weight) and extracorporeal circulation for chemosaturation treatment. Due to the multiple treatments of individual patients, linear mixed-effects models were applied. Results: Thirty-one patients underwent 90 chemosaturation interventions, 68 (75.6%) of which involved heparin reversal with protamine. All investigated variables showed significant postinterventional alterations, while protamine use was associated with significantly lower aPTT, lower INR, higher PT, and higher fibrinogen levels, whereas PLT and Hb levels were comparable to those in procedures without protamine use. After adjustment for aPTT, significant independent effects of protamine remained for the INR and PT. Dose-dependent effects of protamine were observed for reductions in aPTT and an increase in fibrinogen levels, which were confirmed after adjustment for the heparin dose. A 10% higher protamine dose resulted in a 3% decrease in aPTT and a 4% increase in fibrinogen. An increase of 0.1 in the protamine-to-heparin ratio was associated with an increase of 9% in fibrinogen. Conclusions: The present results suggest that protamine contributes to the normalization of the aPTT, INR, PT, and fibrinogen levels. Further prospective studies should be conducted to determine optimal dosing ratios.
The Effect of Surface Pretreatments on the Reliability of Glass Bonded Joints
Authors: Bachurová Nikol , Kudláček Jan , Kuchař Jiří , Červený Jaroslav
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on the evaluation of the surface pretreatment of glass specimens and its effect on the strength of bonded joints. The experimental portion of this study includes the testing of three types of surface treatments (degreasing, blasting and etching) and the use of three types of adhesives (two-component epoxy, instant cyanoacrylate and two-component acrylate). Surface roughness measurements and bond strength testing using the pull-off test and shear tests were performed on the samples. The results showed that surface etching in conjunction with the Auratech AR 708 acrylic adhesive provided the highest bond strength. These findings contribute to the development of more reliable and stronger bonded joints for industrial applications. Scientific knowledge lies in determining the effect of appropriate glass surface treatment on adhesive adhesion under load with respect to joint aging due to environmental effects (UV, temperature, humidity) for transparent adhesives. This study provides an assessment of the effect of surface cleanliness on adhesion to glass.
Chloride Corrosion Resistance of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Its Application in Subsea Tunnel Linings
Authors: Liu Jiguo , Wei Longhai , Cui Qinglong , Shu Heng , Peng Wenbo , Gong Huimin , Xue Yiguo , Han Min
Published: February 2025

The composite performance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) is excellent, and its application potential in subsea tunnel engineering has gradually emerged. This paper discusses three types of laboratory testing methods for studying the corrosion of SFRC induced by chlorides: the ion diffusion method, electric field migration method, and pre-corrosion method. The similar relationship between short-term accelerated deterioration tests and the natural corrosion process, as well as the experimental setup for simulating the coupling effect of multiple factors, requires further exploration. Furthermore, the mechanisms of steel fibers influencing the chloride corrosion resistance of SFRC are explored from four aspects: type, coating, shape, and dosage. Finally, by examining practical case studies of SFRC in subsea tunnel applications, the challenges posed by the multi-directionality of chloride ion corrosion, the diversity of corrosion sources, and the uneven distribution of steel fibers are highlighted. Future research should focus on enhancing the application of SFRC in subsea tunnel linings. This study provides a reference and basis for promoting the application of SFRC in subsea tunnel engineering and indicates future development directions.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Locoregional Treatments for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Masciangelo Graziella , Campana Davide , Ricci Claudio , Andrini Elisa , Rakichevikj Emilija , Fusaroli Pietro , Lisotti Andrea
Published: February 2025

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) represent approximately 2% of all solid pancreatic tumors. The incidence of pNENs has been increasing in the last decade. The clinical manifestations of pNENs range from hormone secretion syndromes in functioning neoplasms (F-pNENs) to local infiltration or distant metastases in late-stage diagnoses or incidental findings in small non-functioning neoplasms (NF-pNENs). While surgery is the gold-standard treatment for larger and more aggressive tumors, small and low-grade tumors (G1) may be followed-up due to the indolent course of disease. Recently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided ablative techniques, such as ethanol injection (EUS-EI) and radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA), have emerged as promising options for loco-regional ablations in selected cases. Despite promising safety profile and efficacy, high-quality evidence is needed to support their widespread adoption. This article reviews the current state of EUS-guided locoregional therapies, patient selection criteria, procedural details, and associated risks.
Status and Life History Traits of Simpsonaias ambigua (Salamander Mussel) in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Porto-Hannes Isabel , McNichols-O’Rourke Kelly A. , Gibson Mandy P. , Morris Todd J.
Published: February 2025

Simpsonaias ambigua (Salamander Mussel) is a freshwater mussel of the Family Unionidae endemic to North America, and it is considered endangered across most of its range. This species is unique among the Unionidae, because it uses the salamander, Necturus maculosus (Mudpuppy), as its larval host rather than fish like all other unionids. The overall goal of this study was to obtain baseline data on the current distribution and life history traits of S. ambigua in Ontario, Canada. These data are critical for future recovery efforts to protect, restore, or augment populations of S. ambigua across its range. Conventional survey methods were adapted to target S. ambigua, and an additional method was employed to detect this species: trapping N. maculosus and inspecting for signs of encysted glochidia. Both methods were successful at detecting S. ambigua when they were present. Furthermore, Simpsonaias ambigua’s life history traits were investigated, and more information is now available on the reproductive timing windows related to gonad and glochidia development and the host infestation period, as well as on longevity.
Future Directions in Quantitative SPECT-CT Evaluation of Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis: Correlation with Clinical and Morphological Parameters
Authors: Gherghe Mirela , Mutuleanu Mario-Demian , Suta Tatiana Lucia , Micu Liliana , Stanciu Adina Elena , Ionescu Sinziana-Octavia , Cirimbei Ciprian , Paun Diana Loreta , Jercan Andreea , Badelita Sorina Nicoleta , Coriu Daniel
Published: February 2025

Background: ATTRv and ATTRwt cardiac amyloidosis (CA) are underrecognized causes of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. The diagnosis of CA remains challenging due to low diagnostic suspicion and clinical overlap with more common diseases. The aim of this study was to use [99mTc]-PYP SPECT-CT to perform a volumetric evaluation of bone scintigraphy to overcome the limitations of current practices. Methods: A monocentric prospective study was conducted to evaluate a lot of 22 patients with a mean age of 52.86 ± 13.80 years, diagnosed with hereditary cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR). Results: Correlations between the quantitative SPECT-CT, clinical data, and morphological parameters were performed, demonstrating moderate to strong correlation of SUVmaxMyocardium/SUVmaxBone to both ECG low voltage and EchoGLS, SUVmaxMyocardium/SUVmaxLiver to myocardial gadolinium kinetics with T1 mapping MRI, diastolic disfunction, sensory–motor polyneuropathy, and EchoGLS, SUVmaxMyocardium/SUVmeanBone with diastolic disfunction and sensory–motor polyneuropathy, as well as SUVmaxMyocardium/SUVmaxSoft tissue to S II, respectively. Conclusions: The moderate to strong correlations among advanced quantitative SPECT-CT metrics and clinical and paraclinical data create the premises to use these parameters for early diagnosis of cardiac ATTR. Further multicentric studies in a larger patient population are needed to validate the newly identified quantitative SPECT-CT parameters.
Addressing Multi-Center Variability in Radiomic Analysis: A Comparative Study of Image Acquisition Methods Across Two 3T MRI Scanners
Authors: Tocilă-Mătășel Claudia , Dudea Sorin Marian , Iana Gheorghe
Published: February 2025

Background: Radiomics has become a valuable tool in medical imaging, but its clinical use is limited by data variability and a lack of reproducibility between centers. This study aims to assess the differences between two scanners and provide guidance on image acquisition methods to reduce variations between images obtained from different centers. Methods: This study utilized medical images obtained in two different imaging centers, with two different 3T MRI scanners. For each scanner, 3D T2 FLAIR sequences were acquired in two forms: the raw and the clinical practice images typically used in diagnostic workflows. The differences between images were analyzed regarding resolution, SNR, CNR, and radiomic features. To facilitate comparison, bias field correction was applied, and the data were standardized to the same scale using Z-score normalization. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data. Results: The results show that there are significant differences between centers. Filtering and zero-padding significantly influence the resolution, SNR, CNR values, and radiomics features. Applying Z-score normalization has resolved variations in features sensitive to scale differences, but features reflecting dispersion and extreme values remain significantly different between scanners. Some feature differences may be resolved by analyzing the raw images in both centers. Conclusions: Variations arise due to different acquisition parameters and the differing quality and sensitivity of the equipment. In multi-center studies, acquiring raw images and then applying standardized post-processing methods across all images can enhance the robustness of results. This approach minimizes technical differences, and preserves the integrity of the information, reflecting a more accurate representation of reality and contributing to more reliable and reproducible findings.
How Big Is the Biomass-Based Bioeconomy in National Economies? Concept, Method, and Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Montoya Marco Antonio , Allegretti Gabriela , Presotto Elen , Talamini Edson
Published: February 2025

Measuring the contributions of the bioeconomy depends on the concept and method used. The concept of bioeconomy linked to biomass is widely used, and estimating the bio-based share in sectors, activities, or products is a limitation and a challenge. Therefore, the present study aims to propose a method for measuring the contributions of biomass-based bioeconomy (BmBB) by tracking the direct and indirect flows of biomass embodied in goods and services for intermediate and final demand. Our analysis focused on measuring the impact of BmBB on the gross value of production (GVP) and the value added to biomass through incremental improvements to the input–output models. The development and application of the method used data from Brazil’s input–output matrices from 2010 to 2018. The results suggest that the BmBB’s GVP shared 5.75% of the GDP, on average, between 2010 and 2018 and more than 6% in recent years. The BmBB accounted for 4.87% of the Brazilian economy’s added value. The ‘Biomass’ aggregate, comprising agriculture, livestock, and forestry, contributes 78.3% of GVP and 8.0% of BmBB’s added value. The opposite occurs with the ‘BioAgroindustry’ aggregate, whose GVP was only 12.3% but contributed 81.5% of the BmBB’s value added. The significant volume of direct sales of ‘’Biomass’ in the final demand of households and the foreign market may explain this situation. We concluded that the proposed method contributes to measuring the BmBB, capturing the biomass share involved in producing, manufacturing, and consuming goods and services.
CSI-Channel Spatial Decomposition for WiFi-Based Human Pose Estimation
Authors: Deng Jie , Chen Kaiqi , Jing Pengsen , Dong Guannan , Yang Min , Zhu Aichun , Li Yifeng
Published: February 2025

WiFi-based human pose estimation has garnered significant interest in deep learning research. However, due to the varying angles of signal transceivers and the differing sensitivities of signal subcarriers to movement, inaccuracies can arise in WiFi-based human pose estimation. For instance, when a person is within a WiFi field, local changes in one or more channels and directions of structure can be detected. This channel interaction generally involves mutual interference, modifying movement localization, and perception sensitivity. To achieve unambiguous localization and identification, we decompose the properties of the Channel State Information spatial structure and its behavior, demonstrating that dual-view observation—spatial direction and channel sensitivity—is sufficient. Furthermore, we propose a CSI-Channel Spatial Decomposition Strategy (CSDS). Specifically, we introduce the Spatial Orientation Attention Module (SOA), which employs angle-dependent weighting to mitigate the error induced by signal transceiver pairs with deviated angles relative to the human body. Subsequently, the Spatial Sensitivity Enhancement Module (SSE) addresses errors from low-sensitivity signal carriers for motion detection by employing channel decoupling. Applying these two modules enables the model to discern potentially valid human pose information more effectively in WiFi transmission signals. The experimental results on the Wi-Pose public dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of CSDS.
ASIGM: An Innovative Adversarial Stego Image Generation Method for Fooling Convolutional Neural Network-Based Image Steganalysis Models
Authors: Kim Minji , Cho Youngho , Park Hweerang , Qu Gang
Published: February 2025

To defeat AI-based steganalysis systems, various techniques using adversarial example attack methods have been reported. In these techniques, adversarial stego images are generated using adversarial attack algorithms and steganography embedding algorithms sequentially and independently. However, this approach can be inefficient because both algorithms independently insert perturbations into a cover image, and the steganography embedding algorithm could significantly lower the undetectability or indistinguishability of adversarial attacks. To address this issue, we propose an innovative adversarial stego image generation method (ASIGM) that fully integrates the two separate algorithms by using the Jacobian-based Saliency Map Attack (JSMA). JSMA, one of the representative l0 norm-based adversarial example attack methods, is used to compute a set of pixels in the cover image that increases the probability of being classified as the non-stego class by the steganalysis model. The reason for this calculation is that if a secret message is inserted into the limited set of pixels in such a way, noise is only required for message embedding, and even misclassification of the target steganalysis model can be achieved without additional noise insertion. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed ASIGM outperforms two representative steganography methods (WOW and ADS-WOW).
Edge-of-Chaos Kernel and Dynamic Analysis of a Hopfield Neural Network with a Locally Active Memristor
Authors: Zhang Li , Ma Yike , Jiang Rongli , Yang Zongli , Pu Xiangkai , Li Zhongyi
Published: February 2025

Locally active memristors with an Edge-of-Chaos kernel (EOCK) represent a significant advancement in the simulation of neuromorphic dynamics. However, current research on memristors with an EOCK remains at the circuit level, without further analysis of their feasibility. In this context, we designed a memristor and installed it in a third-order circuit, where it showed local activity and stability under defined voltage and inductance parameters. This behavior ensured that by varying the input voltage and inductance, the memristor could effectively simulate various neural activities, including inhibitory postsynaptic potential and chaotic waveforms. By subsequently integrating the memristor with an EOCK into a Hopfield neural network (HNN) framework and substituting the self-coupling weight, we observed a rich spectrum of dynamic behaviors, including the rare phenomenon of antimonotonicity bubble bifurcation. Finally, we used hardware circuits to realize these generated dynamic phenomena, confirming the feasibility of the memristor. By introducing the HNN and studying its dynamic behavior and hardware circuit implementation, this study provides theoretical insights into and an empirical basis for developing circuits and systems that replicate the complexity of human brain functions. This study provides a reference for the development and application of EOCK in the future.
Circuit-Centric Genetic Algorithm for the Optimization of a Radio-Frequency Receiver
Authors: Shin Hoyeon , Kwon Mingi , Lee Yeonjun , Kim Yeonggi , Cho Moon-Kyu , Song Ickhyun
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a design automation method for optimizing parameters of radio-frequency front-ends, specifically aiming to maximize the overall performance of a receiver circuit. In this work, the design target includes a reduction in power consumption and noise figure and an increase in conversion gain. The use of an artificial algorithm for the optimization of an RF receiver is investigated, illustrating how to achieve performance goals in a complex design space composed of multiple inter-related circuit parameters. As the basis of the proposed research, the genetic algorithm, a well-known metaheuristic approach, is chosen and utilized in the optimization process. Since the conventional GA has limitations in circuit optimization, including suboptimal performance and slow convergence due to crossover operations, the concept of a circuit-centric genetic algorithm is proposed as a viable approach that primarily focuses on the use of a mutation process. In addition, by preserving high-performing solutions and incorporating a guiding mechanism toward metric-specific best solutions, the proposed method achieves the target performance much faster compared to other optimization approaches. Therefore, it can be utilized in the optimization of circuit parameter sets in RF receiver design.
Study on Permeability Enhancement and Heat Transfer of Oil Sands Reservoir Based on Hydrophobic Nanofluids
Authors: Gao Yanfang , Chen Zupeng , Liang Xuelin , Li Yanchao , Shen Shijie , Li Dengke , Huang Zhi
Published: February 2025

The development of nanofluid-assisted heavy oil extraction can address critical challenges in global energy sustainability, particularly for ultra-heavy oil reserves characterized by high viscosity and low permeability. This study investigates the dual role of hydrophobic nanofluids in enhancing reservoir permeability and heat transfer efficiency. Through advanced triaxial shear seepage experiments and heat transfer experiments, the permeability and thermal conductivity of oil sands cores treated with hydrophobic silica-based nanofluids (0–0.15 wt%) were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the permeability increased by up to 536.59% (from 33.18 mD to 211.22 mD) after nanofluid treatment, which was attributed to nanoparticle-induced pore throat modification and reduced interfacial tension. At the same time, the thermal conductivity has increased by up to 132% (from 0.25 W/m·K to 0.58 W/m·K), significantly improving the heat transfer efficiency. There is a linear relationship between the concentration of nanofluids and the thermal conductivity, and the relationship between the thermal conductivity, and the strain of oil sands is established. This work provides a scientifically grounded framework for scaling nanofluid applications in field trials, offering a transformative pathway to reduce energy intensity and improve recovery rates in ultra-heavy oil exploitation.