bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hidden and mirage collective modes in two dimensional Fermi liquids
Authors: Klein Avraham , Maslov Dmitrii L. , Chubukov Andrey V.
Published: August 2020

The longstanding view of the zero sound mode in a Fermi liquid is that for repulsive interaction it resides outside the particle-hole continuum and gives rise to a sharp peak in the corresponding susceptibility, while for attractive interaction it is a resonance inside the particle-hole continuum. We argue that in a two-dimensional Fermi liquid there exist two additional types of zero sound: “hidden” and “mirage” modes. A hidden mode resides outside the particle-hole continuum already for attractive interaction. It does not appear as a sharp peak in the susceptibility, but determines the long-time transient response of a Fermi liquid and can be identified in pump-probe experiments. A mirage mode emerges for strong enough repulsion. Unlike the conventional zero sound, it does not correspond to a true pole, yet it gives rise to a peak in the particle-hole susceptibility. It can be detected by measuring the width of the peak, which for a mirage mode is larger than the single-particle scattering rate.
Author Correction: Analysis of the Human Protein Atlas Image Classification competition
Authors: Ouyang Wei , Winsnes Casper F. , Hjelmare Martin , Cesnik Anthony J. , Åkesson Lovisa , Xu Hao , Sullivan Devin P. , Dai Shubin , Lan Jun , Jinmo Park , Galib Shaikat M. , Henkel Christof , Hwang Kevin , Poplavskiy Dmytro , Tunguz Bojan , Wolfinger Russel D. , Gu Yinzheng , Li Chuanpeng , Xie Jinbin , Buslov Dmitry , Fironov Sergei , Kiselev Alexander , Panchenko Dmytro , Cao Xuan , Wei Runmin , Wu Yuanhao , Zhu Xun , Tseng Kuan-Lun , Gao Zhifeng , Ju Cheng , Yi Xiaohan , Zheng Hongdong , Kappel Constantin , Lundberg Emma
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Potential roles of nitrate and nitrite in nitric oxide metabolism in the eye
Authors: Park Ji Won , Piknova Barbora , Jenkins Audrey , Hellinga David , Parver Leonard M. , Schechter Alan N.
Published: August 2020

Nitric oxide (NO) signaling has been studied in the eye, including in the pathophysiology of some eye diseases. While NO production by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes in the eye has been characterized, the more recently described pathways of NO generation by nitrate (NO3−) and nitrite (NO2−) ions reduction has received much less attention. To elucidate the potential roles of these pathways, we analyzed nitrate and nitrite levels in components of the eye and lacrimal glands, primarily in porcine samples. Nitrate and nitrite levels were higher in cornea than in other eye parts, while lens contained the least amounts. Lacrimal glands exhibited much higher levels of both ions compared to other organs, such as liver and skeletal muscle, and even to salivary glands which are known to concentrate these ions. Western blotting showed expression of sialin, a known nitrate transporter, in the lacrimal glands and other eye components, and also xanthine oxidoreductase, a nitrate and nitrite reductase, in cornea and sclera. Cornea and sclera homogenates possessed a measurable amount of nitrate reduction activity. These results suggest that nitrate ions are concentrated in the lacrimal glands by sialin and can be secreted into eye components via tears and then reduced to nitrite and NO, thereby being an important source of NO in the eye.
Functional MRI study of language organization in left-handed and right-handed trilingual subjects
Authors: Yazbek Sandrine , Smayra Tarek , Mallak Iyad , Hage Stephanie , Sleilaty Ghassan , Atat Chirine , Abdel Hay Joe , Moussa Ronald
Published: August 2020

Functional MRI (fMRI) is gaining importance in the preoperative assessment of language. Selecting the appropriate language to test by fMRI in trilingual patients is intricate. Our objective is to compare fMRI maps for all three languages in left- and right-handed trilingual subjects. 15 right- and 15 left-handed trilingual volunteers were included in the study. We performed fMRI for each volunteer with a visual responsive naming paradigm that was repeated three times, once in each language. The activated areas and the laterality indices were calculated and correlation with the age of acquisition and proficiency of each language was determined. Strong statistical correlation was found between the Laterality Index (LI) of the three languages, in both the right and left-handed groups. Discordant lateralization of language was only observed in four left-handed subjects who demonstrated bilateral and left-lateralization. In right-handed subjects, the activation maps for the first and the second acquired language were similar. The largest activation was seen with the last acquired language. Irrespective of language proficiency and age of acquisition, the language lateralization might change for left-handed subjects. In right-handed subjects, there is no change and the last acquired language results in the largest activation. fMRI performed for a single language can accurately determine language lateralization in right-handed subjects, whereas in left-handed subjects, it is mandatory to test all languages.
Tailored duration of adjuvant trastuzumab for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Yu Ke-Da , Wang Xin , Chen Wan-Kun , Fan Lei , Mo Miao , Chen Han
Published: August 2020

We assumed that the effect of adjuvant trastuzumab on survival is mediated by the treatment time and we conducted this trial-level meta-regression to determine the appropriate length of treatment. Twelve adjuvant trastuzumab trials (from January 2000 to June 2019, consisting of 20,271 patients) were included. We considered 12-month trastuzumab treatment as the standard. The primary study endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS). By quantifying the relationship between shortened treatment time (month) and altered recurrence risk (expressed as hazard ratio), we found the regression coefficient β was 0.05 (95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.08, P = 0.002), indicating the recurrence risk would increase 5.1% for each month that treatment was shortened. Accordingly, 3, 6, and 9-month reductions in treatment time resulted in 16%, 35%, and 57% increases in recurrence risk, respectively. We revealed a significant linear association between shortened treatment time of trastuzumab and recurrence risk. The clinical duration of adjuvant trastuzumab should be tailored.
Genetically detoxified pertussis toxin displays near identical structure to its wild-type and exhibits robust immunogenicity
Authors: Ausar Salvador F. , Zhu Shaolong , Duprez Jessica , Cohen Michael , Bertrand Thomas , Steier Valérie , Wilson Derek J. , Li Stephen , Sheung Anthony , Brookes Roger H. , Pedyczak Artur , Rak Alexey , Andrew James D.
Published: August 2020

The mutant gdPT R9K/E129G is a genetically detoxified variant of the pertussis toxin (PTx) and represents an attractive candidate for the development of improved pertussis vaccines. The impact of the mutations on the overall protein structure and its immunogenicity has remained elusive. Here we present the crystal structure of gdPT and show that it is nearly identical to that of PTx. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry revealed dynamic changes in the catalytic domain that directly impacted NAD+ binding which was confirmed by biolayer interferometry. Distal changes in dynamics were also detected in S2-S5 subunit interactions resulting in tighter packing of B-oligomer corresponding to increased thermal stability. Finally, antigen stimulation of human whole blood, analyzed by a previously unreported mass cytometry assay, indicated broader immunogenicity of gdPT compared to pertussis toxoid. These findings establish a direct link between the conserved structure of gdPT and its ability to generate a robust immune response.
Towards highly efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporation for desalination
Authors: Liu Xinghang , Mishra Debesh Devadutta , Wang Xianbao , Peng Hongyan , Hu Chaoquan
Published: August 2020

This review systematically discusses the whole process of solar-driven interfacial desalination and the critical issues involved from the perspective of energy flow.
NIR-II window tracking of hyperglycemia induced intracerebral hemorrhage in cerebral cavernous malformation deficient mice
Authors: Parchur Abdul K. , Fang Zhi , Jagtap Jaidip M. , Sharma Gayatri , Hansen Christopher , Shafiee Shayan , Hu Wenquan , Miao Qing R. , Joshi Amit
Published: August 2020

Left panel: Pseudocolor map of 3 principle components from NIR-II kinetic imaging, Right panel (top to bottom): In vivo Ag2S QD NIR-II fluorescence, ex vivo iodine micro-CT, FITC dextran perfusion, and H&E staining in control vs CCM1+/− mice brain.
Co-inhibition of the TGF-β pathway and the PD-L1 checkpoint by pH-responsive clustered nanoparticles for pancreatic cancer microenvironment regulation and anti-tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Yang , Gao Zhuxin , Du Xiaojiao , Chen Senbiao , Zhang Wangcheng , Wang Jilong , Li Hongjun , He Xinyu , Cao Jie , Wang Jun
Published: August 2020

LYiClustersiPD-L1 could deliver LY2157299 to PSCs and release PAMAM/siPD-L1 to penetrate into tumors and target tumor cells. On synergistic therapy of both, enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration and cytotoxicity were expected.
The light-driven macroscopic directional motion of a water droplet on an azobenzene–calix[4]arene modified surface
Authors: Zhu Fei , Tan Shiliang , Dhinakaran Manivannan Kalavathi , Cheng Jing , Li Haibing
Published: August 2020

Asymmetric UV light irradiation can drive the macroscopic directional motion of water droplet on an azobenzene-calix[4]arene (ABC4) modified silicon surface.
Constructing and controlling ruthenium active phases for acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Wang Bolin , Yue Yuxue , Wang Saisai , Chen Zhi , Yu Lu , Shao Shujuan , Lan Guojun , Pan Zhiyan , Zhao Jia , Li Xiaonian
Published: August 2020

Ru-Based catalysts with distinct active phases from Ru0, to RuO2, RuCl3and RuCl2N were synthesized and evaluated in acetylene hydrochlorination.
An activatable probe for detecting alcoholic liver injury via multispectral optoacoustic tomography and fluorescence imaging
Authors: Chen Junjie , Fang Yichang , Sun Lihe , Zeng Fang , Wu Shuizhu
Published: August 2020

An activatable probe has been developed for imaging alcoholic liver injury through detecting the overexpressed cytochrome p450 (cyp450) reductase in hypoxia in the hepatic region.
Copper-catalyzed double C–S bond formation for the synthesis of 2-acyldihydrobenzo[b]thiophenes and 2-acylbenzo[b]thiophenes
Authors: Sangeetha Subramani , Sekar Govindasamy
Published: August 2020

Efficient domino methods are developed for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophenes and 2-acylbenzo[b]thiophenes from 2-iodoketones using in situ generated iodine from by-product KI with a Cu-catalyst and xanthate.
Influence of halogen size on the supramolecular and energy landscape of the THF solvates of the halogen derivatives of dianthranilide
Authors: Bieszczad Bartosz , Pawlędzio Sylwia , Polak Katarzyna , Antonowicz Jerzy , Mieczkowski Adam , Trzybiński Damian
Published: August 2020

The detailed description of the crystal structure of the THF solvates of four halogen derivatives of dianthranilide has been reported.
Multifaceted aspects of charge transfer
Authors: Derr James B. , Tamayo Jesse , Clark John A. , Morales Maryann , Mayther Maximillian F. , Espinoza Eli M. , Rybicka-Jasińska Katarzyna , Vullev Valentine I.
Published: August 2020

Charge transfer is vital for life on Earth and makes our modern ways of living possible.
A useful valence-alterable optical probe for the prediction of material characteristics based on theoretical calculations
Authors: Zhang Linghui , Peng Guoqiang , Wang Yujiang , Li Tiejun , Wang Dan , Han Lili , Ci Zhipeng
Published: August 2020

Through the theoretical prediction and the experimental verification of Eu optical probe. The interrelation and mechanism of action of electronic structure and functional properties are investigated in detail in BaSnSi3O9.
Pressure-induced variation of persistent luminescence characteristics in Y3Al5−xGaxO12:Ce3+–M3+(M = Yb, and Cr) phosphors: opposite trend of trap depth for 4f and 3d metal ions
Authors: Ueda Jumpei , Harada Masaya , Miyano Shun , Yamada Akihiro , Tanabe Setsuhisa
Published: August 2020

Pressure increases the Yb3+electron trap depth and decreases the Cr3+electron trap depth.
Boron-doped graphene as electrocatalytic support for iridium oxide for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Joshi Prerna , Huang Hsin-Hui , Yadav Rohit , Hara Masanori , Yoshimura Masamichi
Published: August 2020

The present work details the development of IrO2nanoparticles (nps) supported on B-doped reduced graphene oxide as an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst for electrochemical water splitting.
Nanocluster and single-atom catalysts for thermocatalytic conversion of CO and CO2
Authors: Doherty Francis , Wang Hui , Yang Ming , Goldsmith Bryan R.
Published: August 2020

We highlight different aspects of single-atom and nanocluster catalysts for CO2reduction and CO oxidation, including synthesis, dynamic restructuring, and trends in activity and selectivity.
Studies of the 4d and 5d 6H perovskites Ba3BM2O9, B = Ti, Zn, Y; M = Ru, Os, and cubic BaB1/3Ru2/3O3 polymorphs stabilised under high pressure
Authors: Injac Sean , Solana-Madruga Elena , Avdeev Maxim , Brand Helen E. A. , Attfield J. Paul , Kennedy Brendan J.
Published: August 2020

The synthesis, structures and magnetism of six mixed 3d–5d oxides Ba3BM2O9 (B = Ti, Y, Zn; M = Ru, Os) are described.
Systematic spectroscopic investigation of structural changes and corona formation of bovine serum albumin over magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles
Authors: Tiwari Ashish , Bhatia Prachi , Randhawa Jaspreet Kaur
Published: August 2020

Specific interactions between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles (MFNPs).
Interfacial water shuffling the intermediates of hydrogen oxidation and evolution reactions in aqueous media
Authors: Liu Ershuai , Jiao Li , Li Jingkun , Stracensky Thomas , Sun Qiang , Mukerjee Sanjeev , Jia Qingying
Published: August 2020

The H2Oad↓ and [AM(H2O)x]+promote the HOR and HER of Pt by removing the Hadand OHad, respectively.
Facet-dependent reductive dissolution of hematite nanoparticles by Shewanella putrefaciens CN-32
Authors: Hu Shiwen , Wu Yundang , Ding Zecong , Shi Zhenqing , Li Fangbai , Liu Tongxu
Published: August 2020

The hematite {001} possessed more adsorption sites, more positive redox potential, and higher conductivity than {100}, resulting that the dissimilatory iron reduction rate of hematite {001} by S. putrefaciens CN-32 was easier than that of {100}.
ACE inhibitory peptides derived from de-fatted lemon basil seeds: optimization, purification, identification, structure–activity relationship and molecular docking analysis
Authors: Kheeree Norhameemee , Sangtanoo Papassara , Srimongkol Piroonporn , Saisavoey Tanatorn , Reamtong Onrapak , Choowongkomon Kiattawee , Karnchanatat Aphichart
Published: August 2020

The study determines optimized process conditions to maximize ACE inhibitory peptide production. The two novel hexa-peptides (LGRNLPPI and GPAGPAGL) from de-fatted lemon basil seeds (DLBS) was achieved.
Remarkable elasticity and enzymatic degradation of bio-based poly(butylene adipate-co-furanoate): replacing terephthalate
Authors: Kim Hyeri , Kim Taeho , Choi Sejin , Jeon Hyeonyeol , Oh Dongyeop X. , Park Jeyoung , Eom Youngho , Hwang Sung Yeon , Koo Jun Mo
Published: August 2020

Superior elastic recovery and rapid enzymatic degradation rate were realized by utilizing 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid as a sustainable substitute for terephthalate.
Phase stability of the layered oxide, Ca2Mn3O8; probing interlayer shearing at high pressure
Authors: Vera Stimpson Laura J. , Etherdo-Sibley Kevin J. W. , Ridley Christopher J. , Bull Craig L. , Arnold Donna C.
Published: August 2020

We have performed high-pressure neutron diffraction studies on the layered oxide, Ca2Mn3O8.
A copper site is required for iron transport by the periplasmic proteins P19 and FetP
Authors: Chan Anson C K , Lin Helen , Koch Doreen , Grass Gregor , Nies Dietrich H , Murphy Michael E P
Published: August 2020

Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne gastrointestinal disease in humans and uropathogenic Escherichia coli is a leading cause of urinary tract infections. Both human pathogens harbour a homologous iron uptake system (termed cjFetM-P19 in C. jejuni and ecFetM-FetP in E. coli). Although these systems are important for growth under iron limitation, the mechanisms by which these systems function during iron transport remain undefined. The copper ions bound to P19 and FetP, the homologous periplasmic proteins, are coordinated in an uncommon penta-dentate manner involving a Met-Glu-His3 motif and exhibit positional plasticity. Here we demonstrate the function of the Met and Glu residues in modulating copper binding and controlling copper positioning through site-directed variants, binding assays, and crystal structures. Growth of C. jejuni strains with these p19 variants is impaired under iron limited conditions as compared to the wild-type strain. Additionally, an acidic residue-rich secondary site is required for binding iron and function in vivo. Finally, western blot analyses demonstrate direct and specific interactions between periplasmic P19 and FetP with the large periplasmic domain of their respective inner membrane transporters cjFetM and ecFetM.
Sub 10 nm CoO nanoparticle-decorated graphitic carbon nitride for solar hydrogen generationviaefficient charge separation
Authors: Mondal Aniruddha , Biswas Shubham , Srishti  , Kumar Aditya , Yu Jong-Sung , Sinhamahapatra Apurba
Published: August 2020

Excellent performance, including rate and stability, is achieved for solar hydrogen generation using a developed heterojunction made of CoO (<10 nm) and graphitic carbon nitride.
A nanostructured anti-biofilm surface widens the efficacy against spindle-shaped and chain-forming rod-like bacteria
Authors: Li Xin , Tsui Kwong-Hoi , Tsoi James K. H. , Green David W. , Jin Xiao-zhuang , Deng Yong Qiang , Zhu Yao Min , Li Xu Guang , Fan Zhiyong , Cheung Gary Shun-pan
Published: August 2020

Current control of pathogenic bacteria at all biomaterial interfaces is poorly attuned to a broad range of disease-causing pathogens.
In situconfined growth of ultrasmall perovskite quantum dots in metal–organic frameworks and their quantum confinement effect
Authors: Xie Ziren , Li Xingjun , Li Renfu , Lu Shan , Zheng Wei , Tu Datao , Feng Yanhui , Chen Xueyuan
Published: August 2020

A unique strategy was developed forin situconfined growth of ultrasmall CH3NH3PbBr3PeQDs (3.3–6.4 nm) in UiO-66 matrix with tunable PL emissions owing to the strong quantum confinement effect.
Boron-rich, cytocompatible block copolymer nanoparticles by polymerization-induced self-assembly
Authors: Huang Lin-Chiang Sherlock , Le Dao , Hsiao I-Lun , Fritsch-Decker Susanne , Hald Christian , Huang Su-Ching , Chen Jen-Kun , Hwu Jih Ru , Weiss Carsten , Hsu Min-Hua , Delaittre Guillaume
Published: August 2020

A new methacrylic boronate ester is synthesized and exploited to produce biocompatible nanoparticles with a boron-rich core by PISA.
Novel ketone derivative-based photoinitiating systems for free radical polymerization under mild conditions and 3D printing
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Noirbent Guillaume , Brunel Damien , Ding Zhaofu , Gigmes Didier , Graff Bernadette , Xiao Pu , Dumur Frédéric , Lalevée Jacques
Published: August 2020

Novel ketone derivatives as efficient photoinitiators for the free radical polymerization of acrylates and application in 3D printing.
Synthesis, structure, and superconductivity of B-site doped perovskite bismuth lead oxide with indium
Authors: Zheng Xiande , Zhang Lei , Wang Xiaoge , Qing Yiguo , Chen Jie , Wu Yaoda , Deng Sihao , He Lunhua , Liao Fuhui , Wang Yan , Geng Jinling , Sun Junliang , Li Guobao , Liu Laijun , Lin Jianhua
Published: August 2020

The synthesis of Ba(Bi0.25Pb0.75)1−xInxO3−δsuperconductors provides an example with indium located in the B site with a decreasingTzeroc due to hole overdoping.
A facile way to improve zeolite Y-based catalysts' properties and performance in the isobutane–butene alkylation reaction
Authors: Zhou Shunli , Zhang Chengxi , Li Yongxiang , Shao Bingzhang , Luo Yibin , Shu Xingtian
Published: August 2020

Increasing the SiO2 amount in the Al2O3 binder increased the Al migration from the binder into the zeolite, modifying the catalysts' acidic properties.
Synthesis of magnetic core–shell Fe3O4@PDA@Cu-MOFs composites for enrichment of microcystin-LR by MALDI-TOF MS analysis
Authors: Li Zhijian , Gong Congcong , Huo Panpan , Deng Chunhui , Pu Shouzhi
Published: August 2020

The synthetic route of the Fe3O4@PDA@Cu-MOFs microspheres and enrichment process of MC-LR.
Lignin nanoparticles are renewable and functional platforms for the concanavalin a oriented immobilization of glucose oxidase–peroxidase in cascade bio-sensing
Authors: Capecchi Eliana , Piccinino Davide , Tomaino Elisabetta , Bizzarri Bruno Mattia , Polli Francesca , Antiochia Riccarda , Mazzei Franco , Saladino Raffaele
Published: August 2020

Lignin nanoparticles as functional renewable nanoplatform for the immobilization of cascade process in colorimetric biosensing of β-d-glucose.
Preparation and characterisation of PHT-loaded chitosan lecithin nanoparticles for intranasal drug delivery to the brain
Authors: Yousfan Amal , Rubio Noelia , Natouf Abdul Hakim , Daher Aamal , Al-Kafry Nedal , Venner Kerrie , Kafa Houmam
Published: August 2020

The use of nanoparticles (NPs) for intranasal (IN) drug delivery to the brain represents a hopeful strategy to enhance brain targeting of anti-epileptic drugs.
K2S2O8-promoted C–Se bond formation to construct α-phenylseleno carbonyl compounds and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds
Authors: Yang Xue-Yan , Wang Ruizhe , Wang Lu , Li Jianjun , Mao Shuai , Zhang San-Qi , Chen Nanzheng
Published: August 2020

K2S2O8-promoted C–Se bond formation from the cross-coupling of C(sp3)–H bond adjacent to carbonyl group with diphenyl diselenide under metal-free conditions.
Rapid evaluation of oxygen vacancies-enhanced photogeneration of the superoxide radical in nano-TiO2 suspensions
Authors: Yu Wanchao , Chen Fengjie , Wang Yarui , Zhao Lixia
Published: August 2020

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and are closely related to the surface defects of a semiconductor.
Tackling elemental mercury removal from the wet-gas phase by enhancing the performance of redox-active copper-based adsorbents utilising an operando pre-heating system
Authors: Rafeen Syamzari , Ramli Rafin , Srinivasan Geetha
Published: August 2020

Smart tuning of copper coordination using contaminant in dynamic natural gas feed to capture mercury – turning toxic to sustainable.
Cathodic NH4+ leaching of nitrogen impurities in CoMo thin-film electrodes in aqueous acidic solutions
Authors: Yu Weilai , Buabthong Pakpoom , Read Carlos G. , Dalleska Nathan F. , Lewis Nathan S. , Lewerenz Hans-Joachim , Gray Harry B. , Brinkert Katharina
Published: August 2020

Cathodic leaching of N impurities from a cobalt–molybdenum (CoMo) thin-film electrode prepared by magnetron sputtering in acidic aqueous solutions was confirmed by isotopically selective quantification of NH4+ ions.
The effect of alignment on the rate-dependent behavior of a main-chain liquid crystal elastomer
Authors: Martin Linares Cristina P. , Traugutt Nicholas A. , Saed Mohand O. , Martin Linares Alejandro , Yakacki Christopher M. , Nguyen Thao D.
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the effect of alignment on the rate-dependent behavior of a main-chain liquid crystal elastomer (LCE). 3D-DIC was used to track the strain field and showed heterogeneous regions of strain from meson relaxation.
Translational and rotational dynamics of a self-propelled Janus probe in crowded environments
Authors: Theeyancheri Ligesh , Chaki Subhasish , Samanta Nairhita , Goswami Rohit , Chelakkot Raghunath , Chakrabarti Rajarshi
Published: August 2020

The ratio between translational and rotational diffusivities of a self-propelled Janus probe points that activity can decouple the translational and rotational motion at an intermediate volume fraction of the passive crowders.
Metal ion and light sequentially induced sol–gel–sol transition of a responsive peptide-hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Yun-Lai , Chang Rong , Duan Hua-Zhen , Chen Yong-Xiang
Published: August 2020

We developed a new responsive peptide hydrogel that could achieve a sol–gel–sol transition sequentially induced by calcium ions and light.
Mimicking coalescence using a pressure-controlled dynamic thin film balance
Authors: Chatzigiannakis Emmanouil , Veenstra Peter , ten Bosch Dick , Vermant Jan
Published: August 2020

A novel modified version of the thin film balance is introduced, which allows the application of complex pressure profiles in free-standing films and the study of film dynamics during both drainage and retraction.
Design and development of 3D hierarchical ultra-microporous CO2-sieving carbon architectures for potential flow-through CO2 capture at typical practical flue gas temperatures
Authors: Liu Xin , Liu Jingjing , Sun Chenggong , Liu Hao , Wang Wenlong , Smith Emily , Jiang Long , Chen Xinyong , Snape Colin
Published: August 2020

A category of 3D hierarchical CO2-sieving carbon architectures has been developed for CO2 capture at realistic flue gas temperatures and low CO2 partial pressure, with CO2 capacities reaching up to 2.30 mmol g−1 at 40 °C and 1.90 mmol g−1 at 70 °C.
Tin-based ionic chaperone phases to improve low temperature molten sodium–NaSICON interfaces
Authors: Gross Martha M. , Small Leo J. , Peretti Amanda S. , Percival Stephen J. , Rodriguez Mark A. , Spoerke Erik D.
Published: August 2020

A novel NaSn intermetallic improves critical electrochemical interfaces between molten sodium and NaSICON ceramic electrolyte at low temperatures (110 °C).
Large-scale and facile synthesis of a porous high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi as an efficient catalyst
Authors: Peng Hailong , Xie Yangcenzi , Xie Zicheng , Wu Yunfeng , Zhu Wenkun , Liang Shuquan , Wang Liangbing
Published: August 2020

Porous high entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi exhibited remarkable catalytic activity and stability toward p-nitrophenol hydrogenation. The enhanced catalytic performance not only resulted from the high surface area, but also from exposed high-index facets with terraces.
π-Conjugated polymers and molecules enabling small photon energy loss simultaneously with high efficiency in organic photovoltaics
Authors: Saito Masahiko , Ohkita Hideo , Osaka Itaru
Published: August 2020

In this review, we summarize recent progress in the development of π-conjugated polymers and molecules for organic photovoltaics that enable small photon energy loss and high power conversion efficiency at the same time.
Uniformizing the electric field distribution and ion migration during zinc plating/stripping via a binary polymer blend artificial interphase
Authors: Li Zhengang , Deng Wenjun , Li Chang , Wang Weijian , Zhou Zhuqing , Li Yibo , Yuan Xinran , Hu Jun , Zhang Man , Zhu Jinlin , Tang Wei , Wang Xin , Li Rui
Published: August 2020

The PAM/PVP interphase prevents direct contact of the metal Zn anode with the aqueous electrolyte and uniformizes electric field distribution and ion migration during zinc plating/stripping, suppressing the zinc dendrite growth and side reactions.
An artificial photosynthetic system with CO2-reducing solar-to-fuel efficiency exceeding 20%
Authors: Xiao Yanjun , Qian Yao , Chen Anqi , Qin Tian , Zhang Fan , Tang Hehua , Qiu Zetian , Lin Bo-Lin
Published: August 2020

Artificial photosynthetic systems store solar energy in chemical fuels via CO2 reduction or renewable hydrogen evolution from water splitting.
Azobenzene-based solar thermal energy storage enhanced by gold nanoparticles for rapid, optically-triggered heat release at room temperature
Authors: Dong Liqi , Chen Yuanhao , Zhai Fei , Tang Lin , Gao Wenchao , Tang Junwen , Feng Yiyu , Feng Wei
Published: August 2020

The energy storage and heat release of this STF sample can be controlled completely using light alone at room temperature.
Quantifying Voc loss induced by alkyl pendants of acceptors in organic solar cells
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Zheng Zhong , Xu Ye , Wang Jianqiu , Wang Yafei , Zhang Shaoqing , Hou Jianhui
Published: August 2020

In the organic photovoltaic community, extensive efforts have been made in proposing resolutions for depressing Voc loss related to the molecular structures and optoelectronic properties of materials in bulk heterojunctions.
Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-based full-color fluoresent materials for high-performance OLEDs
Authors: Yu Ling , Wu Zhongbin , Xie Guohua , Luo Jiajia , Zou Yang , Ma Dongge , Yang Chuluo
Published: August 2020

The simple pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-based emitters exhibit a wide range of emissions spanning the entire visible region from blue to red, and the resulting yellow and orange OLEDs achieve high EQEs of 20.0% and 15.4%, respectively.
Enhancement of thermal stability and energy storage capability of flexible Ag nanodot/polyimide nanocomposite filmsvia in situsynthesis
Authors: Xing Shuang , Pan Zhongbin , Wu Xiaofeng , Chen Hanxi , Lv Xujiao , Li Peng , Liu Jinjun , Zhai Jiwei
Published: August 2020

Composite films with an ultralow filler content of 0.1 vol% Ag-NDs exhibit an excellent high-temperature discharge energy density of 2.56 J cm−3, together with efficiency exceeding 80% at a temperature of 150 °C.
Molecular functionalization of all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3thin films
Authors: Arramel  , Hu Pan , Xie Aozhen , Yin Xinmao , Tang Chi Sin , Ikeda Kei , Mahyuddin Muhammad Haris , Sahdan Muhammad Fauzi , Wang Dingguan , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Wang Hong , Birowosuto Muhammad Danang , Dang Cuong , Rusydi Andrivo , Wee Andrew Thye Shen , Wu Jishan
Published: August 2020

Charge transfer across heptazethrene/CsPbBr3interfaces due to electronegative fluorine atoms or the electron-donating character in the molecular periphery.
Transition from an indirect type-I to a direct type-II bandgap in α-tellurene/Ca(OH)2 heterostructures with excellent optical properties
Authors: Cai Xiaolin , Chen Weiguang , Jia Xingtao , Zhang Liwei , Wang Qin , Wang Baoji , Yang Xuefeng , Liu Yujin , Jia Yu
Published: August 2020

The α-tellurene/Ca(OH)2 vdWH presents excellent optical properties, which can be transformed into a direct type-II vdWH by applying strain.
Biaxial stretchable liquid crystal light scattering display based on uniform energy dissipation in non-oriented assembly of gel networks
Authors: Du Qinqing , Shan Tianyu , Du Junnan , He Huiwen , Ma Meng , Shi Yanqin , Chen Si , Wang Xu
Published: August 2020

Different from the traditional uniaxial stretchable displays, biaxial stretchable devices are herein reported based on a dynamic supramolecular liquid crystal gel network that showed good innovation in a new dimension of the original stretch to obtain the “true stretchable display”.
High-performance vertical field-effect transistors based on all-inorganic perovskite microplatelets
Authors: Zhou Jian , Xie Lei , Song Xiufeng , Wang Ziming , Huo Chengxue , Xiong Yunhai , Cheng Zichao , Wang Yue , Zhang Shengli , Chen Xiang , Zeng Haibo
Published: August 2020

All-inorganic halide perovskites have made significant achievements in electronics, optoelectronics, and other fields due to their unique physical and chemical properties.
Plant colours come to light
Authors: Rodriguez-Concepcion Manuel , Martinez-Garcia Jaime F.
Published: August 2020

The colours of plant leaves, flowers and fruits are provided by different pigments. Among them, carotenoids are health-promoting antioxidants produced in virtually all plant organs. In leaves, they participate in photosynthesis and photoprotection. In flowers, they colour petals to attract pollinators. And in fruits, they accumulate at the ripe stage to provide not only distinctive pigments, but also nutrients for animals to eat them and disperse the seeds. Light normally stimulates the biosynthesis of carotenoids and regulates the development of storage structures to accommodate these lipophilic pigments. Thus, carotenoid levels decrease when plants become shaded in high-density environments, and they are usually very low in dark-grown organs such as roots or in seedlings that germinate underground. Work with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has revealed the molecular factors that transduce light signals to boost carotenoid biosynthesis and storage in coordination with photosynthetic development when seedlings emerge from the soil and expose their leaves to sunlight. The same factors appear to control leaf carotenoid contents when light conditions change in day/night cycles or in response to shade. Strikingly, recent discoveries suggest that light-related factors have been recruited during evolution to promote carotenoid accumulation in tomatoes (fruits) and carrots (roots).
Reinforcement learning in synthetic gene circuits
Authors: Racovita Adrian , Jaramillo Alfonso
Published: August 2020

Synthetic gene circuits allow programming in DNA the expression of a phenotype at a given environmental condition. The recent integration of memory systems with gene circuits opens the door to their adaptation to new conditions and their re-programming. This lays the foundation to emulate neuromorphic behaviour and solve complex problems similarly to artificial neural networks. Cellular products such as DNA or proteins can be used to store memory in both digital and analog formats, allowing cells to be turned into living computing devices able to record information regarding their previous states. In particular, synthetic gene circuits with memory can be engineered into living systems to allow their adaptation through reinforcement learning. The development of gene circuits able to adapt through reinforcement learning moves Sciences towards the ambitious goal: the bottom-up creation of a fully fledged living artificial intelligence.
Construction and analysis of artificial chromosomes with de novo holocentromeres in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Lin Zhongyang , Yuen Karen Wing Yee
Published: August 2020

Artificial chromosomes (ACs), generated in yeast (YACs) and human cells (HACs), have facilitated our understanding of the trans-acting proteins, cis-acting elements, such as the centromere, and epigenetic environments that are necessary to maintain chromosome stability. The centromere is the unique chromosomal region that assembles the kinetochore and connects to microtubules to orchestrate chromosome movement during cell division. While monocentromeres are the most commonly characterized centromere organization found in studied organisms, diffused holocentromeres along the chromosome length are observed in some plants, insects and nematodes. Based on the well-established DNA microinjection method in holocentric Caenorhabditis elegans, concatemerization of foreign DNA can efficiently generate megabase-sized extrachromosomal arrays (Exs), or worm ACs (WACs), for analyzing the mechanisms of WAC formation, de novo centromere formation, and segregation through mitosis and meiosis. This review summarizes the structural, size and stability characteristics of WACs. Incorporating LacO repeats in WACs and expressing LacI::GFP allows real-time tracking of newly formed WACs in vivo, whereas expressing LacI::GFP-chromatin modifier fusions can specifically adjust the chromatin environment of WACs. The WACs mature from passive transmission to autonomous segregation by establishing a holocentromere efficiently in a few cell cycles. Importantly, WAC formation does not require any C. elegans genomic DNA sequence. Thus, DNA substrates injected can be changed to evaluate the effects of DNA sequence and structure in WAC segregation. By injecting a complex mixture of DNA, a less repetitive WAC can be generated and propagated in successive generations for DNA sequencing and analysis of the established holocentromere on the WAC.
The whole is greater than the sum of its parts: at the intersection of order, disorder, and kinetochore function
Authors: Audett Margaux R. , Maresca Thomas J.
Published: August 2020

The kinetochore (KT) field has matured tremendously since Earnshaw first identified CENP-A, CENP-B, and CENP-C [1,2]. In the past 35 years, the accumulation of knowledge has included: defining the parts list, identifying epistatic networks of interdependence within the parts list, understanding the spatial organization of subcomplexes into a massive structure – hundreds of megadaltons in size, and dissecting the functions of the KT in its entirety as well as of its individual parts. Like nearly all cell and molecular biology fields, the structure–function paradigm has been foundational to advances in the KT field. A point nicely highlighted by the fact that we are at the precipice of the in vitro reconstitution of a functional KT holo complex. Yet conventional notions of structure cannot provide a complete picture of the KT especially since it contains an abundance of unstructured or intrinsically disordered constituents. The combination of structured and disordered proteins within the KT results in an assembled system that is functionally greater than the sum of its parts.
Mechanism and significance of chromosome damage repair by homologous recombination
Authors: Kawale Ajinkya S. , Sung Patrick
Published: August 2020

Homologous recombination (HR) is a major, conserved pathway of chromosome damage repair. It not only fulfills key functions in the removal of deleterious lesions such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and interstrand cross-links (ICLs), but also in replication fork repair and protection. Several familial and acquired cancer predisposition syndromes stem from defects in HR. In particular, individuals with mutations in HR genes exhibit predisposition to breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, and they also show signs of accelerated aging. However, aberrant and untimely HR events can lead to the loss of heterozygosity, genomic rearrangements, and cytotoxic nucleoprotein intermediates. Thus, it is critically important that HR be tightly regulated. In addition to DNA repair, HR is also involved in meiotic chromosome segregation and telomere maintenance in cells that lack telomerase. In this review, we focus on the role of HR in DSB repair (DSBR) and summarize the current state of the field.
Early warning systems in biosecurity; translating risk into action in predictive systems for invasive alien species
Authors: Rainford James , Crowe Andrew , Jones Glyn , van den Berg Femke
Published: August 2020

Invasive alien species (IAS) are one of the most severe threats to biodiversity and are the subject of varying degrees of surveillance activity. Predictive early warning systems (EWS), incorporating automated surveillance of relevant dataflows, warning generation and dissemination to decision makers are a key target for developing effective management around IAS, alongside more conventional early detection and horizon scanning technologies. Sophisticated modelling frameworks including the definition of the ‘risky’ species pool, and pathway analysis at the macro and micro-scale are increasingly available to support decision making and to help prioritise risks from different regions and/or taxa. The main challenges in constructing such frameworks, to be applied to border inspections, are (i) the lack of standardisation and integration of the associated complex digital data environments and (ii) effective integration into the decision making process, ensuring that risk information is disseminated in an actionable way to frontline surveillance staff and other decision makers. To truly achieve early warning in biosecurity requires close collaboration between developers and end-users to ensure that generated warnings are duly considered by decision makers, reflect best practice, scientific understanding and the working environment facing frontline actors. Progress towards this goal will rely on openness and mutual understanding of the role of EWS in IAS risk management, as much as on developments in the underlying technologies for surveillance and modelling procedures.
Auditory-Motor Perturbations of Voice Fundamental Frequency: Feedback Delay and Amplification
Authors: Weerathunge Hasini R. , Abur Defne , Enos Nicole M. , Brown Katherine M. , Stepp Cara E.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

Gradual and sudden perturbations of vocal fundamental frequency (
f
o
), also known as adaptive and reflexive
f
o
perturbations, are techniques to study the influence of auditory feedback on voice
f
o
control mechanisms. Previous vocal
f
o
perturbations have incorporated varied setup-specific feedback delays and amplifications. Here, we investigated the effects of feedback delays (10–100 ms) and amplifications on both adaptive and reflexive
f
o
perturbation paradigms, encapsulating the variability in equipment-specific delays (3–45 ms) and amplifications utilized in previous experiments.

Method

Responses to adaptive and reflexive
f
o
perturbations were recorded in 24 typical speakers for four delay conditions (10, 40, 70, and 100 ms) or three amplification conditions (−10, +5, and +10 dB relative to microphone) in a counterbalanced order. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were carried out on the magnitude of
f
o
responses to determine the effect of feedback condition.

Results

There was a statistically significant effect of the level of auditory feedback amplification on the response magnitude during adaptive
f
o
perturbations, driven by the difference between +10- and −10-dB amplification conditions (hold phase difference:
M
= 38.3 cents,
SD
= 51.2 cents; after-effect phase:
M
= 66.1 cents,
SD
= 84.6 cents). No other statistically significant effects of condition were found for either paradigm.

Conclusions

Experimental equipment delays below 100 ms in behavioral paradigms do not affect the results of
f
o
perturbation paradigms. As there is no statistically significant difference between the response magnitudes elicited by +5- and +10-dB auditory amplification conditions, this study is a confirmation that an auditory feedback amplification of +5 dB relative to microphone is sufficient to elicit robust compensatory responses for
f
o
perturbation paradigms.
Natural Language Input: Maternal Education, Socioeconomic Deprivation, and Language Outcomes in Typically Developing Children
Authors: Sultana Nuzhat , Wong Lena L. N. , Purdy Suzanne C.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

The current study was designed to investigate the differences in language input related to family factors (maternal level of education [MLE] and socioeconomic level of deprivation [SLD]) and their association with language outcomes in preschoolers.

Method

This study used New Zealand SLD and MLE classification systems to examine differences in language input related to these factors among 20 typically developing preschool children aged 2–5 years. The quantity of children's language input (adult words [AWs], conversational turns [CTs]) was calculated using the Language ENvironment Analysis audiotaping technology for two typical weekend days. Four 5-min Language ENvironment Analysis recording segments were transcribed and coded, and parental language strategies were classified as optimal language strategy, moderate language strategy, or sub-optimal language strategy (S-OLS) for child language outcomes. The receptive and expressive language of each child was assessed using the Preschool Language Scales–Fifth Edition.

Results

Mann–WhitneyUtests showed significant differences between the quantity of language input (AWs/hr, CTs/hr) for high and low MLE and high and low SLD groups. Consistent with the literature, the use of S-OLSs was significantly lower for families with high MLE (Mdn= .25, IQR = .14) and low SLD (Mdn= .22, IQR = .13) than for families with low MLE (Mdn= .41, IQR = .24) and high SLD (Mdn= .41, IQR = .26). Spearman correlation coefficients indicated significant associations between language input (AWs/hr, CTs/hr, S-OLSs) and language outcomes.

Conclusions

Reduced language input and the frequent use of S-OLSs associated with low maternal education and high deprivation and low language outcomes for these children highlight the importance for all parents/families to learn optimal language strategies to support the development of strong language skills in their children in young age.
How We Fail Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: McGregor Karla K.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

For over two decades, we have known that children with developmental language disorder (DLD) are underserved. We have also known that DLD does not attract the research attention that it merits given its prevalence and impact. The purposes of this clinical focus article are to present evidence that these failures continue, explore the reasons behind these failures, and propose solutions.

Method

I reviewed the literature and applied bibliometric analysis procedures from Bishop (2010) to quantify research efforts aimed at DLD compared to other neurodevelopmental disorders.

Results

The percentage of children who are deemed eligible for clinical services because of DLD continues to fall well short of estimates based on the prevalence of DLD in community samples. The amount of research conducted on DLD relative to other neurodevelopmental disorders remains low. Contributing factors include a lack of awareness of DLD, the hidden nature of DLD, entrenched policies, and the dissonance created when speech-language pathologists must diagnose DLD in school settings.

Conclusions

Expanded approaches to supporting children with DLD are required. These might include engagement in advocacy and awareness campaigns; clearer communication with the families we serve and enhanced collaborations with classroom teachers; the implementation of school-based language screenings; participation in policymaking; and the development of service delivery models that operate alongside those that exist in our schools and complement their function.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12743273
Urban traffic flow online prediction based on multi‐component attention mechanism
Authors: Sun Bo , Sun Tuo , Zhang Yujia , Jiao Pengpeng
Published: August 2020

Traffic flow prediction is regarded as an important concept used in traffic planning, traffic design, and traffic management. In this study, the authors propose a multi‐component attention (MCA) method for traffic flow prediction, which may jointly and adaptively understand components of long‐term trends, seasons, and traffic flow residuals that result from multi‐dimensional decomposition. According to the highly non‐linear nature of traffic flow, the proposed module consists of a one‐dimensional convolutional neural network, a bidirectional long short‐term memory, and a bidirectional mechanism with an attention mechanism. The former captures local trend characteristics of residuals, while the latter captures trends and seasonal time adjustments. Due to the randomness, irregularity, and periodicity of traffic flow at intersections, target flow prediction is related to various sequences. Through the introduction of the attention mechanism, highly related historical information may be connected for multi‐component flow data in the final prediction. Compared to seasonal autoregressive integral moving average model, artificial neural network, and recurrent neural network, the experimental results demonstrated that the proposed MCA model can meet the accuracy and effectiveness of complex non‐linear urban traffic flow prediction models.