bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing composition and diversity of woody vegetation in mined arid and semi arid lands of Kerio valley, Kenya
Authors: Barsosio Abraham , Kirui Bernard , Maara Nelson
Published: August 2016

The woody vegetation in semi-arid area is important in providing ecosystem services and goods. However, it faces threats manifested in land-use changes such as mining. This study aimed at assessing the composition and diversity of woody vegetation as well as inherent soil physico-chemical parameters in a previously mined area and comparing it with a semi-pristine adjacent area.Â  Six transects containing five plots each were established within two blocks separated by a river. In each plot, data was collected on woody tree growth characteristics and soil parameters. Thirteen woody species were recorded in the rehabilitated mined and twenty two in semi-pristine sites with Ficus sycomorus L Moraceae being the dominant species at the two sites. Woody vegetation diversity was higher in semi-pristine site than in the rehabilitated mined site. However, this was not significant (t-test, =D.F=1 P=0.767). Mean soil nutrients (F2, 7. = P=0.821), pH (F2, 7. =109.88, P=xxx), was higher in rehabilitated mined sites while mean soil temperature (F2, 7. =9.08, P=0.011) was higher in mined areas. Rehabilitating mined sites can bring back species diversity, composition, however what is not clear is whether ecosystem functions are restored.Â
Performance of pyrosequencing versus MALDI-TOF MS in bacteria identification in chronic lung disease
Authors: Navrátilová Lucie , Procházková Petra , Bardoň Jan , Novotný Radko , Zápalka Martin , Jakubec Petr , Zatlou-kal Jaromír , Kolek Vítězslav , Kopřiva František , Flodrová Pavla , Raclavský Vladislav
Published: August 2016

Rapid identification of the etiological agent in bacterial infection is necessary for correct diagnosis and appropriate therapy. In general, identification of pure cultures of bacteria using conventional phenotyping techniques requires 4-24 hours. Recently available new molecular technologies offer the potential of same day species identification once pure culture is available. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of rDNA V1 hypervariable region pyrosequencing, and the whole cell MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling in routine species identification. During the period from June 2012 to June 2014, 1.140 pure culture isolates were recovered from 402 samples from 126 patients suffering cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or bronchiectasis. All the isolates were subjected to species identification by both techniques. Unfortunately, pyrosequencing was able to reach the species level in 43.2% of isolates only, whereas MALDI-TOF was clearly superior with 96.8% respectively. The overall sensitivity values also clearly underlined the superiority of MALDI-TOF MS with 96.8% compared to 85.1% achieved by pyrosequencing. Generally, MALDI-TOF MS turned out to be the best suitable technique in routine bacterial identification, whereas pyrosequencing could be recommended as the method of choice particularly in situations where MALDI-TOF MS fails to identify rare species.
Serum proteins are extracted along with monolayer cells in plasticware and interfere with protein analysis
Authors: Hong Xin , Meng Yuling , N. Kalkanis Steven
Published: August 2016

Washing and lysing monolayer cells directly from cell culture plasticware is a commonly used method for protein extraction. We found that multiple protein bands were enriched in samples with low cell numbers from the 6-well plate cultures. These proteins contributed to the overestimation of cell proteins and led to the uneven protein loading in Western blotting analysis. In Coomassie blue stained SDS-PAGE gels, the main enriched protein band is about 69 kDa and it makes up 13.6% of total protein from 104 U251n cells. Analyzed by mass spectrometry, we identified two of the enriched proteins: bovine serum albumin and bovine serum transferrin. We further observed that serum proteins could be extracted from other cell culture plates, dishes and flasks even after washing the cells 3 times with PBS. A total of 2.3 mg of protein was collected from a single well of the 6-well plate. A trace amount of the protein band was still visible after washing the cells 5 times with PBS. Thus, serum proteins should be considered if extracting proteins from plasticware, especially for samples with low cell numbers.
The comparision of accounting professionals’ sensitivity to professional rules in terms of gender: A study in terms of discipliniary penalties in 2001-2015
Muhasebe meslek mensuplarının mesleki kurallara duyarlılığının cinsiyet yönünden karşılaştırılması: 2001-2015 disiplin cezaları yönünden bir inceleme
Authors: Yaşar Alpaslan
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study is to examine the sensitivity of men and women profesional accountants to comply with professional rules in terms of discipliniary penalties in Turkey. For this purpose, discipliniary penalties imposed in the form of ‘Retention of Professional Activity Temporarly’, ‘Removing the Chartered Title’and ‘Dismisal from Profession’ towards professional accountants were compared in terms of gender using descriptive analysis method  during the 2001-2015. The results show that 1367 of the total 1508 disciplinary penalties is given in the form of Retention of Professional Activity Temporarly, Removing the Chartered Title, and Dismisal from Profession imposed on men and 141 of these penalties applied to the women professional accountants. The findings show that disciplinary penalties received by women professional accountants are quite a few compared to the men colleagues during the 2001-2015. The results of the study showed that the sensitivity of women professional accountants to the professional rules are more than the sensitivity of men professional accountants. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki kadın ve erkek muhasebe meslek mensuplarının mesleki kurallara uyum konusundaki duyarlılıklarını disiplin cezaları yönünden incelemektir. Bu amaçla, muhasebe meslek mensuplarına 2001-2015 döneminde uygulanan ‘Geçici Olarak Mesleki Faaliyetten Alıkoyma’, ‘Yeminli Sıfatını Kaldırma’ ve ‘Meslekten Çıkarma’ disiplin cezaları, tanımlayıcı analiz yöntemi kullanılarak cinsiyet yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları, Geçici Olarak Mesleki Faaliyetten Alıkoyma, Yeminli Sıfatını Kaldırma ve Meslekten Çıkarma şeklinde verilen toplam 1508 disiplin cezasından 1367’sinin erkek, 141’inin ise kadın muhasebe meslek mensuplarına uygulandığını göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, 2001-2015 döneminde kadın muhasebe meslek mensuplarının almış oldukları disiplin cezalarının erkek meslektaşları ile karşılaştırıldığında oldukça az sayıda olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, kadın muhasebe meslek mensuplarının mesleki kurallara duyarlılığının erkek muhasebe meslek mensuplarından fazla olduğunu göstermiştir.
Ranks of mapping tori via the curve complex
Authors: Biringer Ian , Souto Juan
Published: August 2016

We show that if ϕ is a homeomorphism of a closed, orientable surface of genusg, and ϕ has large translation distance in the curve complex, then the fundamental group of the mapping torusMϕ{M_{\phi}}has rank2⁢g+1{2g+1}.
Beware the Asset Protection Trust
Authors: Spivack Carla
Published: August 2016

Civil law regimes in Europe have been cautiously open to the common law trust for commercial purposes, and to some forms of the private trust as well. This openness indicates that the time may be right to issue a warning to civil lawyers about the recent proliferation of highly problematic forms of the trust in the U. S., and to offer an explanation of the dysfunction which allowed these trusts to win legislative approval. Civil law may be less amenable to these forms of trust for reasons of social policy and legal philosophy as expressed in foundational legal texts. Recent changes to EU trust law and to French and Dutch tax law indicate that this may be the case. This article discusses these new trust forms and discusses some elements of civil law which, at least from a common lawyer’s perspective, offer some resistance to them.
One more factor joins the plot: Pbx1 regulates differentiation and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Castro Diogo S
Published: August 2016

Midbrain dopaminergic neurons have been the subject of intense research, because of their importance in pathologies such as Parkinson's disease. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Villaescusa et al () show the transcription factor Pbx1 is required for the differentiation and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Notably, Pbx1 protects from oxidative stress by inducing Nfe2l1, and the expression of both genes is reduced in dopaminergic neurons from Parkinson's patients. This is an important study, with possible implications in regenerative medicine and drug design.
Effect of captivity and cryopreservation on ROS production in Solea senegalensis spermatozoa
Authors: Valcarce D G , Robles V
Published: August 2016

Reactive oxygen species have a great impact on spermatozoa function. Gametes from sole males born in captivity (F1) display lower quality than those from wild individuals. In this paper, the percentage of cells positive for dichlorofluorescein (DCF+) was determined by flow cytometry in wild and F1 animals, the effect of cryopreservation on DCF+cells was evaluated in both groups and the distribution of H2O2within the cell was studied by confocal microscopy. Our results indicated that there are no differences in either viability or DCF+cells between wild and F1 animals when fresh samples were evaluated. However, when data were analyzed considering two different sperm populations in terms of motility, a significant decrease in viability and DCF+cells was reported in low-motile F1 spermatozoa. Cryopreservation did not alter the viability or the presence of DCF+cells in sperm samples from wild animals, but significantly decreased the viability in F1 samples. Distribution patterns of H2O2have been established by confocal microscopy inSolea senegalensisspermatozoa: co-localization of H2O2with active mitochondria (MitoTracker+) and co-localization with nuclear DNA (DAPI). Compared with H2O2distribution in other marine species such asScophthalmus maximus,Solea senegalensisspermatozoa showed widespread presence of H2O2particularly in the nuclei, which could potentially compromise DNA integrity.
Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities
Authors: Hubbe Martin A. , Metts Jeremy R. , Hermosilla Daphne , Blanco M. Angeles , Yerushalmi Laleh , Haghighat Fariborz , Lindholm-Lehto Petra , Khodaparast Zahra , Kamali Mohammadreza , Elliott Allan
Published: August 2016

The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with cost-effective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants.
Aplicación del método del caso: Una integración entre la teoría y la práctica en cirugía
Authors: Oviedo DDS, OMFS, MSc Jorge , Hernandez DDS, MAE Patricia
Published: August 2016

Modern teaching-learning processes demand student centered for educational methodologies, which develop skills such as collaborative work, analysis, problem solving, and others. The case method gives the opportunity to analyze a real situation in an academic environment, where students can discuss and apply higher cognitive requirements to relevant learning. The aim of this paper was to analyze the application of case method as participative seminars to supplement the Surgery Clinic course in the Faculty of Dentistry of University of Costa Rica.
Effect of Preseating on the Extrusion of Excess Cement at the Crown- Abutment Margin and the Associated Tensile Force for Cement-Retained Implant Restorations. A Pilot Study
Authors: Jiménez Corrales DDS Rodrigo , Vargas Koudriavtsev DDS. MS Tatiana
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of preseating prior to cementation on the amount of cement excess at the crown-abutment margin and to analyze the associated tensile force after cementation. Preseating of the crown on an abutment analog was evaluated. Ten implant copings were cemented with temporary cement on ten straight implant abutments. The amount of cement excess at the crown margins was measured by weight. Axial tensile force was measured 24 hours after the cementation. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA (p= 0.05). Preseating of the crown had a significant effect on the amount of cement excess at the crown margin (p<0.05), without lowering the tensile strength values significantly. When cementing crowns on implant abutments with temporary cement a preseating protocol might be advisable in order to reduce the amount of cement excess at the crown margin.
A Comparative Study of Shear Debonding Strengh Between New Brackets, Air-Abrasion and Recycled Brackets: An In Vitro Analysis
Authors: Sánchez Achín DDS Tony
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to compare the shear bonding strength between new brackets, recycled brackets by the Ortho-Cycle Co. and sandblasted brackets along with a sterilization process after being debonded. Thus, 60 human bicuspids extracted for orthodontics purposes were divided into 3 groups to bond the brackets. Group 1: new brackets. Group 2: these brackets were removed from Group 1, they were sandblasted and placed in the ultrasound and sterilized. Group 3: these brackets were recycled by the Ortho-Cycle Co. The brackets were debonded using the Instron Universal Test machine and the results were recorded. Then the brackets were inspected using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope to perform the Adhesive Remnant Index. The group of recycled brackets had the highest mean value of 7.55 MPa, then, the new brackets group with a mean value of 7.24 MPa. And finally the minor value was for the sandblasted brackets with a mean value of 6.43 MPa. The results of this study shows that the three groups of brackets studied had not statistical significant differences in their mean values in their resistance to debonding and that the three groups of brackets fulfill the requirements to be bonded to the teeth.
Az extracelluláris mátrix rendellenességei epithelialis-stromalis és stromalis cornealis dystrophiákban
Authors: Varkoly Gréta , Bencze János , Módis László , Hortobágyi Tibor
Published: August 2016

The human cornea is rich in extracellular matrix. The stroma constitutes the main thickness of the cornea, which consists of collagens and proteoglycans mainly. The epithelial-stromal and stromal dystrophies of the cornea are either autosomal dominant or recessive inherited disorders, which are unrelated to inflammation or trauma. The diseases can manifest in each layer of the cornea, but in most cases the corneal stroma is affected. Generally, they develop in childhood or young adulthood but the diagnosis is only possible when clinical signs (epithelial erosions, decreased visual acuity, photophobia) develop. The different protein aggregates (hyaline, amyloid, crystalline) deposited in the corneal layers result in mild or advanced corneal opacity and loss of the corneal transparency due to disorganisation of the extracellular matrix. In some of the corneal dystrophies the keratane sulphate proteoglycan looses its function which results in a loss of the regular interfibrillar spacing. Due to the severe corneal opacity patients may need corneal transplantation. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(33), 1299–1303.
Neuronalis összeköttetések a szomatoszenzoros kérgi área 3b és área 1 kézreprezentációs területén főemlősökben
Authors: Pálfi Emese , Ashaber Mária , Palmer Cory , Friedman Robert M. , Roe Anna W. , Négyessy László
Published: August 2016

Introduction: The close functional relationship between areas 3b and 1 of the somatosensory cortex is based on their reciprocal connections indicating that tactile sensation depends on the interaction of these two areas. Aim: The aim of the authors was to explore this neuronal circuit at the level of the distal finger pad representation. Method: The study was made by bidirectional tract tracing aided by neurophysiological mapping in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Results: Inter-areal connections between the two areas preferred the homologues representations. However, intra-areal connections were formed between the neighboring finger pad representations supporting the physiological observations. Interestingly, the size of the local input area of the injected cortical micro-region, which differed in the two areas, represented the same skin area. Conclusions: The authors propose that intra-areal connections are important in integrating information across fingers, while inter-areal connections are important in maintaining input localization during hand movement. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(33), 1320–1325.
Ikerpárban előforduló örökletes phaeochromocytoma
Authors: Tóth Géza , Patócs Attila , Tóth Miklós
Published: August 2016

Phaeochromocytoma is a tumor of the catecholamine-producing cells of the adrenal gland. Extraadrenal phaeochromocytomas are frequently called paragangliomas. The majority of phaeochromocytomas are sporadic, however, about 25-30% are caused by genetic mutation. These tumor are frequently referred as hereditary phaeochromocytomas/paragangliomas. Their incidence increases continuously which can be attributed to availability of genetic examination and to the discovery of novel genes. The 47-year-old female patient underwent abdominal computed tomography which revealed bilateral adrenal gland enlargement. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, the 131-I- metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy, urinary catecholamines and serum chomogranin A measurements confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral phaeochromocytomas. The genetically identical twin sister of the patient was also diagnosed with hormonally active bilateral phaechromocytoma, suggesting the genetic origin of phaeochromocytoma. Mutation screening confirmed a germline mutation of the transmembrane protein 127 tumorsupressor gene in both patients. Both patients underwent cortical-sparing adrenalectomy. The adrenal gland with the larger tumor was totally resected, while in the opposite side only the tumor was resected and a small part of the cortex was saved. After the operation urinary catecholamines and serum chromogranin A returned to normal in both patients. Adrenocortical deficiency was absent in the first patient, but her sister developed adrenal insufficiency requiring glucocorticoid replacement. To the best of the authors’ knowledge phaeochromocytoma affecting twins has never been described earlier. Genetic examination performed in siblings confirmed the presence of the mutant gene through four generations. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(33), 1326–1330.
Laikusok onkológiai ellátáshoz kapcsolódó ismeretei, tapasztalatai és attitűdjei
Authors: Feith Helga Judit , Szőke Andrea , Ábrám Boróka , Tóth Erika
Published: August 2016

Introduction: There is much less emphasis on the survey of the laymen’s attitudes towards their awareness of patients’ rights and organization of care, and cooperation. Aim: The most important goal of this niche study was to explore how much laymen know about the organization of care and to assess their attitudes when they are under oncological care. Method: Data collection was completed in outpatient oncology departments in two different hospitals treating high number of patients (n = 271). Results: 26.1% of the respondents did not collect further information about their supposed disease. 69.0% thought that the pathologist deals exclusively with the dead or did not know what their duties are. Only 39.7% of the respondents indicated that the pathologist plays a role in the diagnostic process of cancers. The latter two findings were not influenced by the respondents’ level of education. Conclusions: There is a clear evidence that the majority of the respondents were not familiar with the organisationof the care in oncology and, depending on the level of their education, a high percentage does not even want to learn about it at all. The authors propose that informing the layman would lead to a higher quality of patient care, and consequently to greater patient safety. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(33), 1314–1319.
Asthma-COPD overlap szindróma
Authors: Odler Balázs , Müller Veronika
Published: August 2016

Obstructive lung diseases represent a major health problem worldwide due to their high prevalence associated with elevated socioeconomic costs. Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are chronic obstructive ventilatory disorders with airway inflammation, however they are separate nosological entities based on thedifferent development, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and prognostic features. However, these diseases may coexist and can be defined as the coexistence of increased variability of airflow in a patient with incompletely reversible airway obstruction. This phenotype is called asthma – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome. The syndrome is a clinical and scientific challenge as the majority of these patients have been excluded from the clinical and pharmacological trials, thus well-defined clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches are lacking. The aim of this review is to summarize the currently available literature focusing on pathophysiological and clinical features, and discuss possible therapeutic approaches of patients with asthma – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(33), 1304–1313.
A „negyedizigleni” orvos – Selye János felvidéki gyökerei
Authors: Kiss László
Published: August 2016

Hans Selye regarded himself as the fourth generation of medical dynasty, but in his books he did not name his ancestors. Based on facts from archives and contemporary literature the author demonstrated that the grandfather of Hans Selye was called Schlesinger and he worked in Pruszka (county Trencsén; (today: Pruské, county Trenčín, Slovakia) as a district physician. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(33), 1331–1333.
The occurrence of Fritziana Mello-Leitão, 1937 (Anura, Hemiphractidae) in Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil: new records and distribution of the genus
Authors: Peixoto Marco Antônio Amorim , Guimarães Carla Silva , Da Silva Douglas Henrique , Feio Renato Neves
Published: August 2016

Fritziana is currently composed by four species known from mountain regions in the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo. Based on field records, literature, and data gathered from collections, we present new records and a distribution map for the species of the genus. Fritziana is now recorded for seven Brazilian states, including five localities in Minas Gerais. We also confirm Fritziana goeldii (Boulenger 1895) in the same state. The genus distribution now ranges in the southern Espinhaço mountain range, extending in 215 km from the previously known locality.
New records of Ganoderma multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from Colombia and its geographic distribution in South America
Authors: Bolaños Ana Cristina , Bononi Vera Lúcia Ramos , Gugliotta Adriana De Mello
Published: August 2016

Ganoderma is a cosmopolitan genus of fungi with species distributed in temperate and tropical regions. Species of Ganoderma in living Leguminosae were observed in Park de la Salud in Pance, Cali, Colombia and we record G. multiplicatum for the first time from Colombia. A distribution map of this genus in the Neotropical region is presented.
Record of Electrona paucirastra Bolin, 1962 (Pisces: Myctophiformes: Myctophidae) in Brazilian waters, with comments on the occurrence of Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829) in the western South Atlantic
Authors: Caires Rodrigo A.
Published: August 2016

Electrona risso, a warm circumtropical lanternfish species distributed in all oceans, has been reported in the western Atlantic from Suriname to Southern Brazil. Re-examination of specimens attributed to this species which presumably supported the southernmost record in the western South Atlantic and are available at Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, revealed that they were misidentified and are really Electrona paucirastra. As a result, E. paucirastra is reported for the first time in southern Brazil and the distribution of E. risso in the western Atlantic is discussed.
Filling gaps in the disjunct distribution of Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin, 1801) (Testudines: Geoemydidae) and first record from Bahia state, northeast Brazil
Authors: Do Valle Marcele Farias , Marques Ricardo , Tinôco Moacir Santos
Published: August 2016

Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin, 1801) inhabits rivers and lakes primarily in the Amazon region, with a disjunct population in southeastern Brazil. Herein we present the second record of R. punctularia from the Atlantic rainforest and the first from the state of Bahia, northeast Brazil. We recorded four specimens over a decade in different habitats from the north coast of Bahia. Our records fill distribution gaps of 980 km from the northern record in Maranhão and 1,130 km from the southern population.
Neutropenie beim Hund: Ätiologie und prognostische Faktoren
Authors: Bauer Natali , Neiger Reto , Peppler Christine , Moritz Andreas , Cook Andrea M.
Published: August 2016

Ziel der retrospektiven Studie war, Häufigkeit, prognostische Faktoren und Unterschiede verschiedener Ätiologien einer Neutropenie beim Hund zu untersuchen. Material und Methoden: In die Studie wurden 391 Hunde mit einer Neutrophilenzahl < 2,78 × 109/l (Januar 2008 bis Dezember 2012) eingeschlossen und entsprechend der Ätiologie der Neutropenie sieben Diagnosegruppen zugeordnet: Nichtbakterielle Infektionserkrankung, Gewebeverbrauch, Medikamentenassoziiert, Knochenmarkerkrankung, Immunvermittelt, Physiologisch, Verschiedene. Verglichene Parameter waren Neutrophilenzahl, Vorliegen von Granulozyten mit Toxizitätsanzeichen oder Linksverschiebung, Vorstellungsgründe, Körperinnentemperatur zum Zeitpunkt der Neutropenie, Hospitalisierung und Überleben. Ergebnisse: Gewebeverbrauch (90/391, 23%) und nichtbakterielle Infektionserkrankungen (70/391, 18%) stellten die häufigsten Ursachen einer Neutropenie dar, gefolgt von medikamentenassoziierter Neutropenie (43/391, 11%) und Knochenmarkerkrankungen (32/391, 8%). Immunvermittelte und physiologische Neutropenien traten selten auf (je 16/391, 4%). Fast ein Drittel der Hunde fiel in die Diagnosegruppe Verschiedene (124/391, 32%). Die Neutrophilenzahl in den Gruppen Physiologisch und Verschiedene war höher (p < 0,01) als in den übrigen Gruppen. Hunde mit nichtbakterieller Infektionserkrankung oder immunvermittelter Neutropenie hatten niedrigere Neutrophilenzahlen als Hunde mit einem Gewebeverbrauch (p < 0,001) und wurden am häufigsten wegen gastrointestinaler Symptome (52/70, 74%) oder Fieber (11/16, 69%) vorgestellt. In der Gruppe Gewebeverbrauch waren Toxizitätsanzeichen und Linksverschiebung am häufigsten (60/90 und 25/90, 67% und 28%) und die Mortalität am höchsten (32/90, 36%). Schlussfolgerung: Vorliegen von Toxizitätsanzeichen und Linksverschiebung können auf einen Gewebeverbrauch und eine schlechtere Prognose hinweisen. Mit zunehmendem Schweregrad der Neutropenie wird eine immunvermittelte Ursache wahrscheinlicher. Klinische Relevanz: Eine Neutropenie sollte im Kontext mit Anamnese, klinischer Untersuchung und Granulozytenmorphologie beurteilt werden.
Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Tuber Production and Viability Are Reduced by Imazapic
Authors: Webster Theodore M. , Grey Timothy L. , Ferrell Jason A.
Published: August 2016

Weeds exploit underutilized space, causing economic losses in cropping systems. Weed management tactics alter that underutilized space until the crop can mature and efficiently use that space. One tactic is to reduce the weed propagules (e.g., seeds and tubers) that persist quiescently in the soil, which includes minimizing production and addition of new propagules to the soil. Purple nutsedge is a problematic weed around the globe, persisting between growing seasons as tubers in the soil. Imazapic is a peanut herbicide often used in Georgia for control of purple nutsedge. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of various rates of imazapic on purple nutsedge tuber production. Single presprouted purple nutsedge tubers were transplanted into outdoor microplots and treated after 6 wk of growth with six rates of imazapic (5 to 140 g ai ha−1) POST. A nontreated control was included. All emerged shoots at the time of application were marked with plastic rings; this allowed for classification of tubers at exhumation as (1) tubers attached to shoots that were emerged at time of application, (2) tubers attached to shoots that emerged after application, and (3) tubers without an aerial shoot during the study. At 7 wk after application, the tubers in the microplots were exhumed, classified, and quantified, and their ability to sprout was evaluated. In the nontreated control, there were 544 total tubers, with a log-logistic regression model describing the declining tuber population with increasing imazapic rate. The rate of imazapic that reduced total tuber population 50% (I50) was 36 g ha−1. In the nontreated control, there were 161 tubers attached to shoots that emerged, as when compared with plots that received an imazapic application that had an I50=60 g ha−1. Viability of purple nutsedge tubers was 44% at 70 g ha−1imazapic, suggesting the action of the herbicide may have rendered the tubers nonviable after new shoots were produced. The final classification of tubers included those that did not have an aerial shoot during the study. These were tubers in which apical dominance suppressed shoot development or were likely the most recent tubers to develop. Of the three classes, the tubers without shoots were the most prevalent in the nontreated control, with 358 tubers and an I50=18 g ha−1. Imazapic controls purple nutsedge foliage but also reduces the number of new tubers produced, and overall tuber viability and is a valuable tool in management of the long-term population density of this weed.
Winter Preference for Weed Seed and Waste Grain by Native Mice in Row-Crop Agriculture
Authors: Berl Jacob L. , Johnstone Hunter A. , Wu Jonathan Y. , Flaherty Elizabeth A. , Swihart Robert K.
Published: August 2016

Consumption of weed seeds and waste grains by seed predators is an important ecosystem service that helps to regulate weed and volunteer crop populations in many agricultural systems. The prairie deer mouse is found in a variety of sparsely vegetated habitats throughout the central United States and is the dominant vertebrate seed predator in row-crop fields (corn and soybean) in this region. Evaluating the preferences of prairie deer mice for common agricultural weed seeds and waste grain is important to understand the potential ability of native mice to regulate volunteer crops and weed populations. We evaluated winter seed preference of deer mice using cafeteria-style feeding trials presented within row-crop fields in central Indiana and used compositional analysis to compare proportional consumption of seeds from five common agricultural weeds (common ragweed, common cocklebur, common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, and giant foxtail) and two grains (corn and soybean) during overnight feeding trials. Prairie deer mice significantly preferred corn to all other available seed types. Ragweed and soybean were also readily consumed and were preferred over seeds other than corn. Giant foxtail was intermediately preferred. Our results show that prairie deer mice have clear preferences for certain seeds commonly available in row-crop fields; mice likely contribute to reduction of waste grain and some weed seed populations.
Response of 110 Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties and Winter Annual Weeds to Methiozolin
Authors: Rana Sandeep S. , Askew Shawn D.
Published: August 2016

Methiozolin is a new isoxazoline herbicide that has scarcely been tested in Kentucky bluegrass turf. A field trial was conducted in Blacksburg, VA, to determine response of 110 Kentucky bluegrass varieties and winter annual weeds to sequential fall applications of methiozolin. At 1.5 and 6 mo after initial treatment (MAIT), Kentucky bluegrass injury I30values (predicted methiozolin rate that causes 30% Kentucky bluegrass injury) ranged between 3.4 to more than 10 times the recommended methiozolin rate for annual bluegrass control. Methiozolin at all rates reduced cover of annual bluegrass, common chickweed, corn speedwell, hairy bittercress, mouseear chickweed, and Persian speedwell but increased cover of parsley-piert. For all varieties, methiozolin at 2 kg ai ha−1increased Kentucky bluegrass cover, turf quality, and turf normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) relative to the nontreated check at 6 MAIT. Kentucky bluegrass relative cover change (RCC) was attributed primarily to weed control but was inversely correlated with methiozolin rates because of increased weed control and reduced Kentucky bluegrass growth. Despite the decline in RCC with increasing methiozolin rates, most Kentucky bluegrass varieties treated with the highest methiozolin rate (6 kg ha−1) still had greater Kentucky bluegrass cover than the nontreated check at 6 MAIT. Results from this study indicate that two fall applications of methiozolin at rates beyond that previously reported for annual bluegrass control can safely be applied to a broad range of Kentucky bluegrass varieties spanning most of the known genetic classifications.
Analysing weekend city travellers' customer value to business
Authors: Chiang Wen-Yu
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this research is to analyse the customer values of weekend city travellers for creating customer knowledge of the city's government facilities for marketing. The most important issue for the weekend travellers is the ‘transport arrangements in Taipei city’. The research proposed a transport economical model (convenience, time and fare (CTF) model) for recognising travellers' preferences on vehicle selections, and travel agencies can apply the proposed model in their marketing systems. The research methods include the proposed CTF model, recency, frequency and monetary (RFM) model, the proposed equation (CV-RFM equation) and analytic hierarchy process procedure. This research discovers and ranks the travellers' values. The research also segments the traveller database into three value markets. Hence, the value of the findings can enhance the satisfaction of city travellers (domestic or international travellers) and enhance the travel growth rates. However, marketing systems or customer relationship management systems of travel agencies can also apply this framework on systems for daily transport routines. The data can be analysed for helping urban government to arrange public transportation for city weekend travellers.
Propuesta de clasificación de blogs periodísticos
Authors: Colussi Juliana
Published: August 2016

Este trabajo presenta una propuesta de clasificación de blogs periodísticos, a partir de una investigación empírica comparativa entre bitácoras escritas por periodistas políticos brasileños y españoles. Para la realización de este estudio, se ha diseñado una metodología en la que se combina, además de la revisión bibliográfica, la observación sistemática, el análisis de contenido web y la entrevista en profundidad. El resultado de la investigación apunta sobre todo a tres tipos de blogs periodísticos encontrados con mayor frecuencia en las webs de periódicos de referencia: blogs de periodistas, blogs de columnistas y blogs de redacción. Los blogs de eventos no han sido identificados entre los seleccionados en nuestra muestra.
Comida e Comunicação: o papel dos blogs de culinária no estabelecimento e manutenção de conexões transnacionais de emigrantes brasileiros
Authors: Pires Vieira da Rocha Carla
Published: August 2016

Este texto explora o papel da comida no estabelecimento e manutenção de conexões transnacionais de ordem social e comunicativa, expresso a partir dos blogs de culinária de emigrantes brasileiros. A partir de uma perspectiva sociocultural e interdisciplinar, onde aspectos relacionados à globalização exercerão um papel decisivo, este texto tem como pano de fundo a articulação entre a comunicação, a alimentação - representada aqui pelos saberes culinários -, e as migrações. Busca-se compreender em que medida e de que maneira a comunicação em torno da comida, a partir dos blogs de culinária de emigrantes brasileiros, contribui para o estabelecimento e manutenção de conexões transnacionais e o que isso revela sobre a relação entre alimentação e migrações no contexto atual. O enfoque nestas páginas, ainda tem como finalidade provocar a reflexão sobre o panorama no qual vêm se descortinando as migrações internacionais contemporâneas.
El enjambre digital en la política argentina. Twitter en las campañas 2011-2013-2015
Authors: Castro Rojas Sebastian , Pérez Rivera Lucía , Amatta Juan Manuel
Published: August 2016

Este trabajo aborda el uso que los candidatos políticos realizaron de las plataformas digitales en las últimas tres elecciones 2011, 2013 y 2015 en la República Argentina. El trabajo reflexiona sobre la apropiación y uso de la plataforma en las instancias de campaña. Trabaja y problematiza sobre la convergencia de soportes, lenguajes y plataformas en el ecosistema digital y se interroga acerca de las formas de sociabilidad que propician dichos vínculos. Además, rastrea y compara las maneras distintivas del uso y las regularidades en los posteos o tweet de los candidatos en Twitter. En segunda instancia, se presenta un estudio de los lenguajes intertextuales de los tweets sobre la base de un análisis de contenido cuantitativo. Estos aportes y herramientas permiten reconocer las maneras y las formas en que se re-ensamblan los sujetos-usuarios en la web y en las redes digitales. De las campañas analizadas quedan marcas distintivas por parte de los candidatos, además se registran maneras diferentes de apropiación del espacio digital y de las redes, que permean y modelizan a la organización social en su conjunto.
A Targeted Outsider's Right to Challenge Local Winding-Up Proceedings PricewaterhouseCoopers v Saad Investments Co Ltd 2014 UKPC 35 (10 November 2014), 2014 1 WLR 4482 (PC)
Authors: Smith Alastair David
Published: August 2016

The problem in this case was that the Cayman liquidators, frustrated by the unhelpfulness of the company’s previous auditors in supplying documents and information to help them get to the bottom of the company’s problems, then obtained a winding-up order in Bermuda, the auditors’ home jurisdiction, to have them examined. The auditors appealed successfully to the Privy Council in London to have the winding-up stayed. The facts and the reasoning of this senior court are described, and then critically discussed in this case comment. The auditors were erroneously added to the statutory list of persons who may apply to the court for the stay of the winding-up proceedings. Still, the decision may be supported for the finding that, on the particular facts of the case, the auditors had standing to challenge the winding-up application because the Bermudian court of first instance had no jurisdiction under the relevant statutes and the auditors were the direct targets of the application to wind up the company and examine them. The outcome of the decision carries important implications for the development of company law in England and Bermuda, and for the corresponding company law in South Africa, where the decision is of persuasive authority.
An Analysis of The Falls from the Perspective of Gothic
Authors: Xu Lingling
Published: August 2016

This research studied the Gothic traditions in The Falls from its themes, languages and mysterious setting. Though Joyce Carol Oates may refuse to be characterized as a Gothic writer, more often than not she is regarded as such for the all-encompassing violence and deaths in her works. She treats the Gothic traditions as an appropriate way to obtain her writing objectives. Instead of sticking to the old Gothic conventions rigidly, she revises it in creative and ingenious ways. This research also focuses on its mysterious setting. In traditional Gothic fictions, the scenes are often set in gloomy places like the dark subterranean castles, the outlandish and desolate houses, and the confined decaying abbey. However, the Gothic novels develop with times and acquire new features. In The Falls, Oates places her story against the modern scenic spot Niagara Falls, which is the symbol of supernatural power and seduces people to do many unimaginably queer things. To conclude, The Falls has a kinship with the Gothic traditions in terms of its themes, languages and settings. With this Gothic tradition in The Falls, Oates successfully arouses readers’ interest and exposes the darkness of the society.
Assessing chemical elements balance in patients with hypertension
Authors: Tarmaeva I U , Baglushkina S U , Efimova N V
Published: August 2016

Aim. To assess the imbalance of the chemical elements in biological substrates in the adult population of Irkutsk suffering from hypertension.Methods. During the work performance, the data of 55 patients with hypertension including 40 women aged 41-66 years and 15 men aged 52-66 years living in the city of Irkutsk were investigated. During the study of the elemental status of patients with hypertension, determination of 25 elements content in the hair was performed. Analysis of the studied samples was conducted in the NGO «Center for Biotic Medicine» laboratory. 7 elements is determined by ion-selective method in the blood: K, Na, Mg, Fe, Cl, Ca, P.Results. Elemental status of patients with hypertension is characterized by a low content of essential elements - Ca (482±31.2 mg/kg), Zn (164±12 mg/kg) and Mg (154±3.3 mg/kg), significantly higher content of Na (553±156 mg/kg) in the hair; decrease in concentration of Mg (0.64±0.04 mmol/l) and Ca (2.01±0.05 mmol/l), increase in Na (149±4 mmol/l) and Cl (119.4±2.8 mmol/l) levels in blood. Increased content of chloride in blood serum, boron in the hair, potassium and lead in the hair (in men), a low content of cobalt in the hair (in men) and zinc (in women) were found; compared with men, in women lower contents of sodium in the blood serum, potassium, aluminum, cadmium and lead in the hair, a higher content of calcium, magnesium, chromium, silicon, vanadium and strontium in the hair were registered; the most pronounced correlation was observed between anthropometric parameters and the level of the chemical elements in biological samples.Conclusion. The result of assessing imbalance of the key elements in the blood is more informative than the data on selected elements, probably because the presence of any imbalance reflects either the complexity of the factor impact or the severity of the deficit or excess of one element, which caused shifts of microelement landscape as a whole.
Age- and gender-related features of indicators of protein growth factors and damage in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kayumova G H , Razin V A
Published: August 2016

Aim. To analyze the pregnancy associated protein A and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in blood plasma of patients with acute coronary syndrome and determination of gender- and age-related features of proteins values.Methods. The study included 71 patients with acute coronary syndrome, including 47 men and 24 women. The control group consisted of 20 healthy people matched for age and sex, the comparison group - 40 patients with a diagnosis of «hypertension» and «chronic ischemic heart disease». Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, and insulin-like growth factor 1 determination was performed.Results. The concentration of a pregnancy-associated plasma protein A was higher in acute coronary syndrome compared with control and comparison groups. The content of insulin-like growth factor-1 in myocardial infarction is lower than in the comparison group. An increase in concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 in unstable angina has no significant differences from the control and comparison groups. The highest levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 are registered in the comparison group, the lowest ones - in the subgroup with a fatal outcome. A statistically significant difference between the parameters in men and women was demonstrated in the groups with acute coronary syndrome and unstable angina for insulin-like growth factor 1, in the group with myocardial infarction - for a pregnancy-associated plasma protein A. Insulin-like growth factor 1 levels inversely correlated with age, which confirms reparative role of the protein.Conclusion. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and insulin-like growth factor 1 are new highly sensitive biochemical markers of vascular inflammation and injury, their levels can be used to predict the instability of atherosclerotic plaque in acute coronary pathology and assessing the disease prognosis.
Interrelation between endogenous intoxication indicators and nitric oxide metabolites in the infectious process in chronic viral hepatitis C
Authors: Galeeva N V , Fazylov V Kh , Valeeva I Kh
Published: August 2016

Aim. To study dynamics and interrelation between final nitric oxide metabolites (nitrites) and endogenous intoxication index (medium mass molecules) in patients with chronic hepatitis C with the effect of antiviral therapy on them.Methods. The study included 99 patients with chronic hepatitis C. The combination therapy for 48 weeks in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C with pegylated interferon (peginterferon alfa-2a and alfa-2b) in combination with ribavirin and for 24 weeks with daily standard interferon alfa-2b administration in patients with virus genotypes 2 and 3 was conducted. The nitric oxide level was estimated by the content of the nearest metabolite (nitrite) in blood serum using the P.P. Golikov method. Medium mass molecules in the blood serum were determined by the N.I. Gabrielyan method.Results.In patients with chronic hepatitis C high values of nitrogen oxide metabolites and the medium mass molecules in the blood serum were revealed, whereas the level of nitroxidemia and endogenous intoxication by the values of medium mass molecules was associated with the viral replicative capacity value and alanine aminotransferase serum levels. Amid the combination antiviral therapy the nature of nitroxidergy changed with the normalization of nitrogen oxide indicators by 24 weeks and an increase to 48 weeks of treatment. There were significantly positive correlative relations between pronouncement of levels of nitric oxide metabolites and the medium mass molecules before the start of antiviral therapy (R=0.292629, pConclusion. Chronic hepatitis C promotes increase in nitrite ion content and medium mass molecules in the blood serum, their level is associated with virus replication activity and cytolysis severity; antiviral therapy has an effect on the level of endogenous intoxication with the normalization of content of the nitrite ions and medium mass molecules in blood serum by 24th week of treatment.