bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facilitating Intercultural Encounters with International Students: A Contribution to Inclusion and Social Network Formation
Authors: Resch Katharina , Amorim José Pedro
Published: July 2021

Higher education has become increasingly mobile and international, with many students taking the opportunity to study abroad during their studies. When they do so, forming and maintaining social networks is fundamental for their development of a sense of social inclusion. According to Coleman’s model of concentric circles, international students can establish networks with students from their own country (inner circle), with other international students (middle circle) and with local students (outer circle). This study explores various formats of organised student encounters in these three circles which contribute to the social inclusion of international students. The article is based on desk research of 15 formats of intercultural student encounters which facilitate social network formation during a study placement abroad in six countries in Europe. The findings show that all the studied formats of organised student encounters facilitate social networks in the middle and outer circles, while those in the inner circle are established by the students themselves and through informal social interaction. Formats embedded in the curriculum are most suited to facilitating social network formation throughout the academic year. Extracurricular formats, in contrast, tend to be single occasion activities without follow‐up. The study shows that universities can facilitate social network formation and assist social inclusion for international students through organised encounters in which international and local students meet. Organising such encounters does, however, require resources, evaluation, and adequate funding.
The Inclusive University: A Critical Theory Perspective Using a Recognition‐Based Approach
Authors: McArthur Jan
Published: July 2021

This article offers a conceptual exploration of the inclusive university from a Frankfurt School critical theory perspective. It does not seek to define the inclusive university, but to explore aspects of its nature, possibilities and challenges. Critical theory eschews fixed definitions in favour of broader understandings that reflect the complexities of human life. I propose that we consider questions of inclusion in terms of mutual recognition and use the debate between critical theorists Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth to explain the implications of this approach. Central to Frankfurt School critical theory is the idea that we achieve our individuality through our interactions with others. Anything which prevents an individual leading a fully realised social life, within or outwith the university, undermines inclusion. Thus, I offer a broader, more complex and holistic understanding of inclusion than traditional approaches within the university such as widening participation. While such approaches can be helpful, they are insufficient to address the full challenge of an inclusive university, understood in these terms of critical theory and mutual recognition.
Gender and Globalization of Academic Labor Markets: Research and Teaching Staff at Nordic Universities
Authors: Pietilä Maria , Drange Ida , Silander Charlotte , Vabø Agnete
Published: July 2021

In this article, we investigate how the globalized academic labor market has changed the composition of teaching and research staff at Swedish, Norwegian, and Finnish universities. We use national statistical data on the gender and country‐origin of universities’ teaching and research staff between 2012 and 2018 to study how the globalized academic labor market has influenced the proportion of women across career stages, with a special focus on STEM fields. We pay special attention to how gender and country‐origin are interrelated in universities’ academic career hierarchies. The findings show that the proportion of foreign‐born teaching and research staff rose substantially at the lower career level (grade C positions) in the 2010s. The increase was more modest among the most prestigious grade A positions, such as professorships. The findings show significant national differences in how gender and country‐origin of staff intersect in Nordic universities. The study contributes to research on the gendered patterns of global academic labor markets and social stratification in Nordic universities.
“In many cases, the definition of rags for what they are dressed, is too beautiful”: material support of German refugees from the USSR on the territory of the Reich at the end of the Second World War
Authors: Martynenko Volodymyr
Published: July 2021

Throughout the fall of 1943 – the spring of 1944 almost the entire German population was taken out of the occupied Soviet territories by the German authorities. The immediate reason for this, as is known, was the loss of strategic initiative on the Eastern Front. By the autumn of 1944, the number of all evacuated ethnic Germans was about 360,000. Most of the German contingent was sent to the territory of Warthegau district. All the rest were in several other regions of Germany.
The Warthegau administration began active preparations for the reception of German refugees already in early January 1944. Immediately after arriving in the Reich, they, according to the established procedure, underwent a medical examination, pest control and only then went to the camps. Many German officials described the situation of the evacuated Germans as catastrophic, paying attention to what was immediately evident – a lack of clothes and shoes. Besides, the German authorities were concerned about the arrangement of the life of the new migrants, the bulk of whom was planned to be used as agricultural workers. The SS leadership tried to solve the problem of material and domestic security of German refugees from the USSR by attracting its resources and through support from various business entities.
As a result, by the end of the war, the German authorities had not been able to completely solve the problem of the material and social security of ethnic Germans from the USSR. The main reason was the lack of resources and the almost complete reorientation of many enterprises to defense needs. Domestic disorder hugely negatively affected the moral and psychological state of many migrants. In turn, the lack of clothing and shoes often led to refusals to go to work. With growing discontent among the settlers at the end of 1944, the Nazi authorities tried to fight mainly through propaganda, trying to convince them that sooner or later, after the victory of Germany, their life would become much better.
Breach-rhythm
Authors: Mironov M. B. , Burd S. D. , Kukina N. V. , Rubleva Yu. V. , Kordonskaya O. O. , Senko I. V. , Yurchenko A. V. , Bogomazova M. A. , Tairova R. T. , Dzhabrailova Kh. A.
Published: July 2021

Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the main non-invasive methods for examining brain activity. Cranial defects caused by trauma or surgery can lead to artifacts on the EEG such as breach-rhythm. In this article we provide a literature-based definition, pathophysiological features of the breach-rhythm, differential diagnosis between breachrhythm and epileptiform activity, as well as our own clinical case of a patient with epilepsy and breach-rhythm.
NATURAL FEATURES OF THE ORCHID REFUGIUM
ON THE TERRITORY OF THE NATURAL PARK "SAMAROVSKY CHUGAS"
Authors: Bolshanik Petr Vladimirovich , Kusnezova Svetlana Borisovna , Karaseva Diana Dmitrievna
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the natural conditions and biological resources, landscape features of the key territory of the natural Park "Samarovsky Chugas", located in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk. An overview of geographical studies of this region is given. The main components that influence the formation of natural complexes of a specially protected natural area are characterized. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of vegetation and the processes of anthropogenic changes in the landscapes of this key area. The main ways of vegetation transformation caused by economic activity and changes in the nature of surface runoff are highlighted. The ecological and geographical conditions of the Orchid refugium are characterized. The article substantiates the need to allocate the studied area as a zone with a protected regime within the territory of a natural Park.
Resistencias por el derecho a la ciudad
Authors: Rivera García Sofía Beatriz , Quiñónez Natalia Beatriz
Published: July 2021

El Centro Histórico de San Salvador (CHSS), ubicado en el corazón de la ciudad capital de El Salvador, se ha configurado a partir de procesos de disputa por el suelo, los espacios públicos, la vivienda y otros servicios esenciales para la vida productiva y reproductiva. El presente artículo pretende darle visibilidad al papel desarrollado por habitantes del Centro en su lucha por vivienda adecuada, en un proceso ejemplar de cómo la gente puede colocar las balanzas de poder a su favor a través de la organización, específicamente cooperativa, en ciudades tan desiguales como las hay en América Latina. Cooperativistas habitando la ciudad en condiciones altamente precarias han reivindicado, en un contexto aparentemente favorecedor de ciertas tendencias gentrificadoras, su derecho a ser parte de las transformaciones urbanas. Para ello, han propuesto que la colectivización de la propiedad del suelo y la toma democrática de decisiones desde las bases cooperativas sean pilares innegociables del proceso. Pese a que el gobierno central ha enfrentado múltiples retos en su intención de asimilar y apoyar las propuestas de las cooperativas de vivienda, la coordinación conjunta ha dado sus resultados. Compartir la tarima del poder a la participación plena de los habitantes, precisamente al nivel que se formula e implementa la política pública, les ha permitido a las cooperativas de vivienda convertirse en potenciales contendientes de quienes se lucran de un reducido mercado informal y especulativo de suelo y vivienda en la zona. Los resultados a la fecha constituyen un acierto sin precedentes hacia la concepción de la vivienda adecuada como derecho humano, no como mercancía. Con este fin, las cooperativas de vivienda del CHSS ofrecen su propia historia de resistencias.
Portrayal of Bangladeshi Existentialism: “Like a Diamond in the Sky” in Context
Authors: Moniruzzaman  , Ullah Safi
Published: July 2021

Shazia Omar, a Bangladeshi novelist, depicts the less-known imagery of modern Dhaka in her debut novel “Like a Diamond in the Sky” (2009) where she portrays Bangladesh infected with depression, drug addiction, power-play, corruption and fundamentalism. Deen, the protagonist, is lost in addiction, isolated from his mother and outer world but in love with Maria, aware of the future of Bangladesh and eager to search for the meaning of life. Deen, which literally implies the earthly life in Bangla, is an existentialist who is conscious of himself and the people around him. He is aware of his capacity, limitation, existence and essence. He comments on different orders and institutions that hinder at the path of freedom, and about politicization and islamisation in Bangladesh. Not only Deen but also his widowed mother, his friend AJ, drug peddler Falani, the sergeant of the Police, Deen’s girlfriend Maria- all are conscious of their existence and essence. This novel is about a journey from a dark and aimless world to redemption, to a meaningful life. Omar presents existentialism and existential crisis as noticed in Bangladesh in her novel where almost all characters try to find the meaning of life, though in different ways. Omar says in an interview that the novel “explores their feeling of alienation in the chaotic metropolis of Dhaka city” and her protagonist struggles “to find a spiritual connection”. Before writing this novel, Shazia Omar researched in a rehab in Mumbai, visited slums of    Bangladesh and thus shaded light on the darker and less-discussed imagery of Bangladesh. “Like a Diamond in the Sky” is thoroughly examined in the light of existentialism, developed by Descartes, Kierkegaard, Sartre and Heidegger. This paper analyses how “Like a Diamond in the Sky” represents Bangladeshi existentialism, and existentialists who are conscious of existence and essence. It also discusses the observation, of Omar’s characters projected in the novel, about established orders and institutions and finally, desire for freedom and searching for meaning of life.
Blood pressure, lipid profile and glycemic control among type-2 diabetic patients in North Kerala
Authors: Kavuparambil Liji , Pammi Ashok Kumar , Kattil Jithesh Tharayil , Kaliyaperumal Santha , Kollathodi Shifa
Published: July 2021

Background: Glycemic control, lipid control and other modifiable risk factor, is very important to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to analyze glycemic control, lipid profile, BP and find the correlation of these parameters in the diabetic population of North Kerala.Methods: This was a cross sectional study among the type 2 diabetic patients with 40-60 years of age, and those without any cardiac, renal, liver, and thyroid dysfunction. Fasting blood sugar, BP, HbA1c and lipid profile were assessed by VITROS 5600 integrated system. The study population was grouped in to two based on their glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7% and HbA1c <7%). Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software. The comparison of variables age, BP, FBS, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG, and TG/HDL was tested using independent student t test. The correlations between the variables were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results: There was a significant positive correlation between DBP and poor glycemic control group (t=2.35, p=0.0102). Fasting blood sugar (p≤0.00001), total cholesterol (p=0.0031), triglycerides (p≤0.00001), LDL (p=0.0051), HDL (p=0.0010) and TG/HDL (p≤0.00001) also were significantly higher in this group. Age or gender showed no correlation with HbA1c and BP.Conclusions: This study shows highly significant positive correlation between TG/HDL and poor glycemic control. It appears the degree of hypertension is not correlated with HbA1c, but significantly correlated with lipid profile especially among those with poor glycemic control.
Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in neoplasms of solitary nodule in thyroid gland: a retrospective study
Authors: V. V. Manoj , Shafi Shafeer M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Common endocrine disorders like thyroid nodule may represent thyroid neoplasm either benign or malignant and are important to be diagnosed as they may progress and lead to thyroid dysfunction. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has emerged as an economic, rapid, effective, simple and accurate strategy for diagnosing neoplastic thyroid nodules. The basic aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in neoplasms of solitary thyroid nodules.Methods: Current investigation was a retrospective diagnostic test evaluation study conducted on 60 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for solitary nodule for a duration of one year. Routine blood investigation, thyroid function test, FNAC, chest X-ray, indirect laryngoscopy and ultrasound scanning of neck were done for all the patients. Collected data was coded and entered in excel sheets and was statistically analyzed using SPSS.Results: Mean age of the participating patients was 45.51±7.2 years and age range was 24 to 68 years. Female patients were observed to be more than male patients. In majority of the patients duration of nodule was less than or equal to one to three years. Maximum number of patients underwent either total or hemi thyroidectomy. FNAC diagnostic findings revealed patients with NCG, FN, LT, PC and MC. The results of FNAC findings resembled and were supported by HPR findings.Conclusions: Current investigation findings revealed that fine needle aspiration cytology can be considered as potential, accurate, rapid and efficient diagnostic technique for rapid primary investigation of neoplasms of solitary nodules in thyroid gland.
Implications of congenital heart disease on growth and development of paediatric cardiac surgical patients
Authors: Khasawneh Mohammad Abdallah , Mohammad Ashraf Fadel , Al-Fawares Safwan G. , Almomani Odai , Al-Husban Fadi
Published: July 2021

Background: To identify the prevalence, predictors and implications of malnutrition and failure to thrive (FTT) in paediatric cardiac surgical patients.Methods: Observational retrospective analysis of data of paediatric patients presenting for cardiac surgery at Queen Alia heart institute/Amman/Jordan between April 2020 and October 2020. Patients' ages, anthropometric measurements, diagnoses, type of surgical intervention, ICU stay and perioperative outcomes were recorded on a special form designed for the purpose of this study. Prevalence of malnutrition based on world health organization (WHO) and centers for disease control (CDC) growth charts was determined using height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and percentile, weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) and percentile, weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) and percentile. BMI was used for patients above 2 years of age in 109 paediatric cardiac surgical patients. Prevalence of malnutrition and FTT was examined according to age category and cardiac pathology). Patients were divided according to heart pathology into cyanotic and acyanotic CHD.Results: One hundred and nine pediatric cardiac surgical patients were presented for cardiac surgery (59 males and 50 females). Patients' age ranged from 2 days to 17 years (mean 3.7 years, SD±4.5 years). Patients' body weight ranged from 2.7 to 70 kg (mean 14.98 kg, SD±14.2 kg). Average weight percentile was 19.26 (SD±20.01) and ranged between 0.1 and 88.5 and the average Z-score for weight was -1.274±1.037 (mean±SD). The overall height percentile for the all patients with CHD averaged 18.53±17.1 (mean±SD) and the average Z-score for height was -1.1029±0.743 (mean±SD). Prevalence of isolated malnutrition and FTT was 33.2% and 20.2%. Normal nutritional status was found in 46.78%. Cyanotic type CHD was more commonly associated with FTT (p=0.001), longer cardiopulmonary bypass (p=0.001), higher intraoperative lactate (p=0.012) and aortic cross clamp times (p=0.001). Patients with malnutrition and FTT had average ICU stay of 4.32±2.219 days and averaged 4.772±2.065 days (mean±SD) respectively, which was almost double of the ICU stay of patients who had normal nutritional status 2.32±2.261 days (mean±SD).Conclusions: Prevalence of malnutrition and FTT is high in paediatric patients with CHD at time of presentation for surgery. Predicting factors for malnutrition and FTT are cyanotic type of CHD and smaller age. Malnutrition was associated with longer ICU stay.
Assessment of platelets in patients with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Vaiyakkani Govardhini , Sundaravadanam Sridhar , Harikrishnan Gokulakrishnan , Anandasekar Priyatharicini
Published: July 2021

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) occurs due to end result of multifactorial etiology causing significant morbidity and mortality. Platelets are observed to be activated during initiation and progression of disease, platelets indices used as surrogate markers for platelet activation was used in current study to investigate effect of PH on platelets and correlate it with severity of PH.Methods: 104 patients with PH were grouped according to WHO classification depending upon etiology. Blood samples of patients from all groups were collected and investigated for platelet indices, peripheral smear, bleeding time, clotting time and echocardiography assessment to know the severity of pulmonary hypertension. Patients were reviewed after 2 months of appropriate treatment.Results: Prevalence of PH due to chronic lung disease (48.1%) was the most common observation. Thrombocyte count was decreased significantly in all groups of PH with p<0.01. MPV, PDW, P-LCR (platelet-large cell ratio) were observed to be increased with increasing severity for PH. Significant correlation p=0.01 indicated that platelet indices were altered with treatment for PH.Conclusions: Significant reduction was observed in platelet count with increase in platelet indices can be correlated with severity of PH. Hence in rural areas without echo cardiogram facilities, platelet indices can be considered as surrogate markers for early referral of patients to higher centers for further management of PH.
Correlation between plasma lipid levels in patients with different oral pre-cancerous lesions
Authors: Goyal Sakshi , Srivastava Saurabh , Jafar Tabrez , Ullah Sami , Bhat Priyanka , Alam Imran
Published: July 2021

Background: Oral precancerous lesions could be defined as the lesions present in oral cavity that have a potential to become cancer. Recognition of precancerous lesions has its own significance as it helps in early detection of risk of cancer which in itself is quite useful for formulating appropriate preventive strategies that could assure better survival rates. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation of lipid levels in patients with different oral precancerous lesions.

Methods: A total of 150 patients with oral lesions attending the department of otorhinolaryngology at Era’s Lucknow Medical college and Hospital, Lucknow, were included in the study. A biopsy specimen was taken from each patient along with 5 ml fasting blood sample for serum lipid estimation which was done by dry chemistry Chemino Heinz method.  

Results: A total of 150 patients with age ranging from 13-70 years and a male is to female ratio of 1.68 was studied. Burning sensation was the most common symptom and OSMF being the most common diagnosis. All the components of lipid profile except HDL of patients with different histopathological diagnosis were found to be comparable. No association of derangement in any of the components of lipid levels and histopathological diagnosis was observed.

Conclusions: The findings of present study showed that lipid levels in patients with precancerous oral lesions are generally of lower order. However, the present study could not assess a significant association between lipid levels and different types of oral premalignant lesions.
A comparative study of synechiae formation in endoscopic septoplasty with and without intranasal splints
Authors: Nagachaitanya M. , Reddy M. Santosh , Mohammadi Uzma , Prathyusha G.
Published: July 2021

Background: Septoplasty is the treatment of choice for deviated nasal septum. Deviated nasal septum can be C shaped or S shaped leading to unilateral or bilateral nasal obstruction. Septal spur may also require surgery. Sometimes deviated nasal septum may block osteomeatal complex leading to chronic sinusitis. For the evaluation of nasal cavities preoperatively computed tomography (CT) paranasal sinuses and diagnostic nasal endoscopy is done. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy done after two weeks of surgery. The objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of intranasal splints in the prevention of nasal synechiae following septoplasty.

Methods: 100 patients undergoing septoplasty under general anesthesia from March 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled. Patients with nasal septal deviation and aged between 18-50 years were included in the study. All surgeries were performed by consultant ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeons under general or local anesthesia. Institutional ethical committee approval was obtained for the study. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Patients with age under 18 years or over 50 years were excluded for the study.  

Results: Septoplasty with intranasal splints reduce the formation of synechiae in 48 patients.

Conclusions: Usage of intranasal splints indicates a decrease in the postoperative formation of synechiae after septoplasty.
Classification and Analysis of Malicious Traffic with Multi-layer Perceptron Model
Authors: Khedkar Shilpa P. , Ramalingam Aroul Canessane
Published: July 2021

Traffic classification is very important field of computer science as it provides network management information. Classification of traffic become complicated due to emerging technologies and applications. It is used for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning, security and detecting intrusion in a system. In the past used of port, inspecting packet, and machine learning algorithms have been used widely, but due to the sudden changes in the traffic, their accuracy was diminished. In this paper a Multi-Layer Perceptron model with 2 hidden layers is proposed for traffic classification and target traffic classify into different categories. The experimental results indicate that proposed classifier efficiently classifies traffic and achieves 99.28% accuracy without feature engineering.
Wymiar prawno-liturgiczny stałej kobiecej posługi akolitatu w świetle nowelizacji kan. 230 § 1 Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Bider Marcin
Published: July 2021

Artykuł prezentuje z zastosowaniem metody historyczno-prawnej wymiar prawno-liturgiczny stałej posługi akolitatu kobiet w Kościele rzymsko-katolickim. W sposób skondensowany opisuje historię święceń akolitatu. Następnie przedstawia genezę, przebieg i skutki reformy święceń niższych przeprowadzonej w 1972 r. Jednym z jej skutków stało się wprowadzenie stałej posługi akolitatu dla wiernych świeckich mężczyzn. Proces aplikacji reformy święceń niższych w Polsce jest prezentowany w kontekście reformy liturgicznej przeprowadzanej zgodnie z dyrektywami Soboru Watykańskiego II. Nowelizacja kan. 230 § 1 KPK/83 promulgowana przez papieża Franciszka w 2021 r. wprowadza stałą posługę akolitatu dla wiernych kobiet, stanowiąc dopełnienie reformy święceń niższych papieża Pawła VI.
Awareness of Forensic Odontology among Dental Students, Academicians, and Dental Practitioners in Gujarat: A Questionnaire Based, Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Pillai Jayasankar P. , Rambia Sonam , Chokkalingam Thamarai Selvan , Asaithambi Balamurugan
Published: July 2021

Aim: This survey aimed to evaluate the awareness of forensic odontology (FO) subject among dental students, dental academicians (DAs), and dental practitioners (DPs) in Gujarat state. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire sheet containing 14 questions was answered by 607 participants consisting of dental students, DAs, and DPs in Gujarat. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the responses, and the results were presented as frequencies and percentages. The Chi‑square test was used to compare the responses among the groups, and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 607 participants answered the questionnaire form. Out of 212 UG students, 175 (82.5%) were aware of the FO branch and 181 (85.4%) agreed to FO as a promising field in dentistry. The majority of the undergraduate (UG) students agreed that FO should be taught as a separate subject at UG and postgraduate level. The majority of the participants (95.7%) agreed that dental evidence plays an important role in forensic cases. Nearly 80% of the respondents agreed for a separate PG course in FO and around 37% of them opted for MDS course in FO. Bitemark analysis and dental age estimations were considered the promising domains in FO by >80% of the participants. Conclusion: This questionnaire study was performed to analyze the awareness of FO among dental students, DPs, and DAs. The majority of the study participants were aware of FO. A thorough review of the literature on a similar topic was also done.
ACCOUNTING OF WAGES WITH THE USE OF BIOMETRICS TO ENSURE CYBERSECURITY OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Zadorozhnyy Z.-M. , Muravskyi V. , Yatsyshyn S. , Shevchuk O.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Modern conditions of growing cyber threats caused by the hybrid conflicts around the world and looming biological threat of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitate the introduction of biometric authentication of employees, leading to the transformation in the methodology and organization of accounting at enterprises. The procedure for accounting and control of time worked and wages of the employees is the first to undergo changes due to the forcibly limited access of employees to the enterprise data and premises, which determines the topicality and aims of this research.
The aim of the article is to investigate the prospects for monitoring the working time and movement of employees on the premises (facilities) of the enterprise with the use of biometric technology in order to develop the methodology of automation of the accounting of payments made to employees and to ensure the cybersecurity of economic entities.
The prospects of using an automated employee checkpoint system based on biometrics for the purposes of accounting and control are explored. The paper improves the methodology of accounting and control over the working time and wages of employees based on the automated employee authentication system using data on the time spent on premises and performance of job functions. Recommendations are made on ensuring biological and cyber security of enterprises in terms of categorizing the enterprise premises and equipment according to their functions and level of access to information and material flows. The research examines the prospects of accounting for the employee costs, as well as accurate distribution of overhead and other costs based on data of the biometric employee authentication system.
It is advised to conduct further research into the peculiarities of methodology and organization of accounting under conditions of distance and isolated job performance by accounting employees, as it raises the requirements to cybersecurity of enterprises.
Keywords: accounting, working time, wages (salary), biometrics, employee authentication, automation of accounting and control, cybersecurity, COVID-19.
JEL Classification M41, M49
Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 18.
DIRECTIONS OF OFFENSE PREVENTION IN THE STOCK MARKET OF UKRAINE
Authors: Blikhar M. , Vovk V. , Shevchenko N. , Kokhaniuk T. , Dobosh Z.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The article considers the legislative and regulatory documents which outline the features of detecting offenses in the stock market of Ukraine. The main offenses in the domestic stock market have been formed, and the subjects, objects and types of sanctions for offenses have been considered. It is determined that the main body in the field of detection and prevention of stock market violations is the National Securities and Stock Market Commission (NSSMC), which considers cases of offenses, regulates the activities of issuers and financial intermediaries, prepares reports on stock market operations, carries out licensing of professional participants and provides cooperation with state institutions, state and local authorities in the field of crime prevention. An analysis of offenses in the stock market of Ukraine during 2017—2019 has been carried out. The main directions of stock market offenses prevention are outlined, namely: imposition of financial sanctions, revocation or suspension of licenses of professional participants, issuance of orders and resolutions, increase of fines in the stock market, prevention of price manipulation. Proposals were made to improve the activities of the Stock market infrastructure development agency, in particular to form a single complete and detailed base of issuers, professional participants, offenses, foreign investors and large securities holders. It is proposed to reduce violations in the stock market through active cooperation with the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO). In general, we can conclude that there is no critical situation in the field of offenses in the stock market of Ukraine, as evidenced by analytical studies.
Keywords: offenses, stock market, license, issuer, professional market participants, National Securities and Stock Market Commission.
JEL Classification G18, K22, K40, K49
Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 16.
Ecological Forecasting of Industrial Dust Emissions: Problems and Solutions
Authors: May I.V. , Zagorodnov S.Yu.
Published: July 2021

The results of the study of the levels of atmospheric air pollution by solid particles with different approaches to the accounting of dust and the analysis of the sufficiency and validity of permissible emission standards are presented. On the example of an operating enterprise, taking into account the current inventory, a comparative analysis of the levels of exposure to solid chemicals and the sum of all dusts (TSP) was performed. It is established that the dust factor at the total emission, forms the values of the maximum concentrations 2 times more than the individual chemical components. The presented results confirm the need to review the existing approaches to the regulation of emissions of solid components, including the inclusion in the system of the assessment of the sufficiency of emissions by the criterion of the total impact of dust in general. A correctly estimated level of total dust exposure will allow to exclude an unacceptable level of exposure to solid industrial emissions at the initial stage of the formation of project and environmental documentation (NDV projects).
Growth Characteristics of Four Low-and Middle-Income Countries Children Born just After the Millennium Development Goals
Authors: Korsa Wake Senahara , Zewotir Temesgen , Muluneh Essey Kebede
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Socioeconomic inequality among low- and middle-income countries has an immense impact on the growth characteristics of children. Consequently, the millennium development goals were established for action to fight poverty and reduce the health problems for most disadvantaged groups. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the growth characteristics and correlates of height growth among children in low- and middle-income countries.
Methods: Data from the Young Lives study conducted in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam for 15 years were used. A linear mixed-effects fractional polynomial modeling approach was used to analyze the growth characteristics and to assess the determinants.
Results: There was a significant growth difference in height among children in low- and middle-income countries. Children in Vietnam grew at a faster rate during the entire period considered (1-15 years). In four countries, children grew very quickly in early childhood and the growth rates slow down gradually during the consecutive years. The results show that factors such as gender, parents’ education, household size, wealth index, access to sanitation, fathers’ age and residence area are significantly associated with child growth.
Conclusion: The functional relationship between height growth and time is nonlinear. Males are taller than females at an early childhood age. Children from the most educated father and mother had been taller than those from the least educated father and mother. The effect of the household wealth index is positive on height growth, while the effect of household size is negative.
Population Size Estimation of High-Risk Behavior in Isfahan, Iran: Using the Network Scale-up Method in 2018
Authors: Jami Meysam Abshenas , Baneshi Mohamadreza , Nasirian Maryam
Published: July 2021

Background and Objective: Due to the impact of risky behaviors in the community and the need for getting information and planning in this regard, the number of people with high-risk sexual behaviors in Isfahan will be indirectly estimated by the network scale-up method.
Method:In a cross-sectional study conducted in June2018in14districts of Isfahan, a sample of1000 people was recruited by a non-random multistage method and interviewed using a standard questionnaire to identify people with high-risk sexual behavior. Data are analyzed based on a network scale-up method in the STATA application.
Results:According to a report by men, the prevalence of male Extra marital sexual relations (N=2437) and relation with paying prostituted women (N=1211), with non-paying prostituted women (N=298), Homosexuality (N=696) and history of traveling for sexual relations (N =880/100,000); And according to a report by women, the prevalence of female Extra marital sexual relations (N=1386) and Sex Worker women (Monetary) (N=946), Sex Worker women (Non-Monetary) (N=258), and history of travelling for sexual relations (N=13/100,000). In both sexes, the age group of18 to 30years was more at risk for sexual behaviors than other groups. 
Discussion and Conclusion: It seems that the prevalence of sexual high-risk behaviors in Isfahan is remarkable as the increased prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, but unfortunately, the required training is low in this regard, more attention should be paying to train people to prevent the prevalence of these high-risk sexual behaviors in society.
A Decision Support Model for the Necessity of Cardio-Angiography, A Result of Generalized Additive and logistic Regression Model
Authors: Rezaeisharif Fatemeh , Saki Azadeh , Taghipour Ali , Tajfard Mohammad
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Angiography is used as the gold standard for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). It is an invasive procedure and has several complications. Also, some patients refuse angiograms for reasons such as fear, high cost, and loss of trust in physician diagnosis. The negative results of this test is more than a third. Therefore, having a statistical predictive model for estimating the risk of CAD, as an evidence-based support system, can help the physician and patient decide on the necessity of angiography.
Aims: In this study we aimed to find an evidence-based supportive model for decision making on the necessity of angiography in people who were candidates for angiography by the physician after initial tests.
Methods: In this study, 1187 patients who had been referred to Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and diagnosed with physicians after initial tests were enrolled. Demographic data, lipid and blood sugar levels, and the history of underlying disorders were variables that were studied in the statistical model fitting. Initially, generalized additive models were used singularly for quantitative predictors, then by applying right transformations on the predictor variables we entered them simultaneously in logistic and count regression models. These two models were fitted to the data using R software and then compared in terms of predictive accuracy.
Findings: Generalized additive models showed that the relationship between CAD with the hs-CRP level was not monotone. Exploratory analyzes showed that 62% of people with hs-CRP level <3 and 50% of people with hs-CRP levels between 3 and 6 were suffered from the CAD. The highest rate of CAD was seen in the range of 6-8 (93%) but with increasing the hs-CRP level to above 8 it decreased to 70%. The relationship between age and the risk of CAD was S-shaped. Risk of CAD in diabetic subjects with normal FBS was equal to that of nondiabetic subjects with normal fasting blood sugar. The age, gender, diabetes, FBS, and hs-CRP were significant in both models (p <0.05). The area under the ROC curve was upgraded to 81 for the logistic model.
Conclusion: The most important finding of this exploratory study was that out of 232 patients with hs-CRP level between 6 to 8, 217 (93%) had coronary artery occlusion, for these subjects the probability of occluding a coronary artery was 0.93. The present study also showed that if the blood sugar is controlled in patients with diabetes, then this disease will not be a risk factor for patients with coronary artery occlusion. The logistic regression model presented in this study is recommended as the final model to support decision-making about the necessity of angiography.
The Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and Identification of Its Risk Factors in South Western of Iran in 2019-2020
Authors: Beiranvand Reza , Khazaei Zaher , Parsanahad Maryam , Hamule Zahra , Mohamadi Hossein Abadi5 Susan , Rezaei Mohaddese , Ghalavandi Shahnaz , Momenabadi Victoria , Seraji Maryam
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major cause of burden of diseases in women within the first 4 weeks of delivery. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the role of various factors in PPD in the northern and northeastern regions of Khuzestan province.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was undertaken as the first phase of a case-control study on 1424 mothers in the first 24 to 48 hours after childbirth between January 2019 and January 2020. The data collected covered three areas: baseline characteristics, medical history, and PPD. The latter was measured using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale with a cut-off point of equal to or greater than 12. The collected data were analyzed using Stata-16 software and simple and multiple Logistic Regression models.
Results: The prevalence of PPD was estimated at 26.6% in the study sample. In the multiple model, the History of elective abortion (OR= 2.26, 95%CI=1.19, 4.27), delivery in the summer (OR= 2.11,95%CI=1.39, 3.20), birth defect (OR= 2.09, 95%CI=1.10, 3.94), the history of infertility treatment (OR= 0.33, 95CI=0.18, 0.61) and living in urban areas (OR= 0.52, 95%CI=0.39, 0.70), had relationship with the chance of developing PPD.
Conclusion: The results of this study, which sought to identify factors reinforcing and preventing PPD, can be used to identify mothers at risk for PPD. Moreover, it can help make appropriate interventions, including psychological and emotional support of mother during and even before pregnancy to alleviate PPD.
Application of Pop Quiz Method in Teaching Biostatistics to Postgraduate Midwifery Students and Its Effect on Their Statistics Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Academic Achievement: A QuasiExperimental Study with Control Group
Authors: Moradi Soraya , Maraghi Elham , Babaahmadi Azar , Younespour Shima
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Anxiety in students is a challenge of educational systems. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of Pop Quiz (unannounced formative tests) in teaching biostatistics to postgraduate midwifery students and its effects on their statistics anxiety, test anxiety and statistical analysis skills.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study conducted during the first semester of the academic year of 2019-2020 in the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The MSc midwifery students were divided into two separate classes. One of the classes was randomly selected for educational intervention (Pop Quiz). Teaching via the lecture method considered as control method. Test anxiety and statistical anxiety questionnaires were completed by the students in both groups before the educational intervention, during and at the end of semester. The final exam score considered as the statistical skills score. Data were analyzed in SPSS 22 using Fisher's exact test and GEE model.
Results: Thirty eight MSC midwifery students (12 in intervention group and 26 in comparison group) were recruited in this study. The mean and standard deviation of the exam score of students in lecture and Pop Quiz groups were respectively 14.43 ± 3.80 and 15.95 ± 2.79 (P=0.182). The patterns of change in test anxiety score differed significantly over time between the two teaching methods (P = 0.003). Although, there was a decreasing trend in mean score of statistics anxiety scores in Pop Quiz group in comparison with lecture based group, but there were not statistically significant differences.
Conclusion: Applying Pop Quiz to teaching biostatistics reduces test anxiety and statistics anxiety and increases statistical analysis skills in postgraduate midwifery students.
Advantages and Challenges of Information Fusion Technique for Big Data Analysis: Proposed Framework
Authors: Nazari Elham , Biviji Rizwana , Farzin Amir Hossein , Asgari Parnian , Tabesh Hamed
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Recently, with the surge in the availability of relevant data in various industries, the use of Information Fusion technique for data analysis is increasing. This method has several advantages, such as increased accuracy, and the use of meaningful information. In addition, there are certain challenges, including the impact of data type and analytical method on results. The goal of this study is to propose a framework for introducing the advantages and classifying the challenges of this technique.
Method: We conducted a review of articles published between January 1960 and December 2017 for the design stage and from January 2018 to December 2018 for the evaluation stage. Articles were identified from various databases such as Science Direct, IEEE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using the keywords decision fusion, information fusion, and symbolic fusion. We report the advantages and challenges of the methodologies described in these articles. Analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.
Results: A total of 132 articles were identified in the design stage and 90 articles were identified in the evaluation stage. Categories within the framework for challenges include “hardware and software requirements for processing and maintaining the process”, “data” and “data analysis method”. The categories for advantages include “value modeling”, “preferable management of uncertainty and variability”, “excellent decision making”, “comprehensive interpretation and representation”, “data management” and “simplicity of infrastructure”. Our results indicate using these two frameworks with 95% Confidence interval.
Conclusion: An overall understanding of the advantages and challenges of the information fusion technique could act as a guide for the researcher for the correct usage of this technique.
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Authors: . .
Published: July 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
MEDIATING EFFECTS OF EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOXIC LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE
Authors: Khan Muhammad Rahman , Khan Hamid , Jan Sajjad Ahmad , Javad Aziz , Khattak Aman Ullah
Published: July 2021

Purpose of Study: The study aimed to examine the mediating effects of employee commitment in the relationship between toxic leadership and employee performance in the context of the banking sector, KP, Pakistan. The study is expected to provide significant information to existing knowledge databases about the toxic leaders, organizational commitment, and employees’ performance.

Methodology of Study: The cross-sectional design was used to conduct the study by using a 5-point Likert scale through the questionnaire to collect primary data from the high-level managers of selected commercial banks located south region of KP, Pakistan. The sample of 234 employees of both public/private sector banks was taken randomly as the sample. To compute sample, Yamane (1967) formula for selecting sample from finite population: n=population (566), level of significance, e = 0.05 & n=sample size, sample size (n) = N/1+Ne2 = 566/1+566(0.05), 2 = 234.

Main Findings: The results of the study revealed that the significant and positive association among the research variables, the significant impact of the predictors on the criterion variable, and the significant partial mediating role of the employee commitment in the relationship between the toxic leadership and employees’ performance.

Applications of Study: The current study focuses on examining the role of toxic leadership on employee performance with mediating effect of employee commitment within the banking sector of KP, Pakistan. This study's significance lies in the banking sector, desiring to acquire sustainable competitive advantage through increased employee performance and employee commitment.

Novelty/Originality of Study: The expectation that organizational commitment can improve the relationship between toxic leadership and employee performance is missed to a certain extent in the educational context that is expected to offer a new contribution to an existing database of research.