bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Самоорганизация состава пленок Al-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Ga-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-N, выращенных на гибридных подложках SiC/Si
Authors: Кукушкин С.А. , Шарофидинов Ш.Ш. , Осипов А.В. , Гращенко А.С. , Кандаков А.В. , Осипова Е.В. , Котляр К.П. , Убыйвовк Е.В.
Published: December 2020

Using spectral ellipsometry, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning microscopy with an X-ray spectrometer (EDS), the phenomenon of self-organized change in the composition of AlxGa1-xN epitaxial layers during their growth by chloride-hydride epitaxy (EDX) on SiC / Si (111) hybrid substrates was revealed. It was found that during the growth of AlxGa1-xN layers with a low, about 11-24% Al content, interlayers (domains) appear, consisting of AlGaN stoichiometric composition. A qualitative model has been proposed, according to which self-organization in composition arises due to the effect of two processes on the growth kinetics of the AlxGa1-xN film. The first process is associated with the competition of two chemical reactions proceeding at different rates. One of these reactions is the AlN formation reaction; the second is the reaction of GaN formation. The second process, closely related to the first, is the appearance of elastic compressive and tensile stresses during the growth of AlxGa1-xN films by the CGE method on SiC / Si (111). Both processes influence each other, which leads to a complex pattern of aperiodic changes in the composition over the thickness of the film layer.
Keywords: A3B5 compounds, wide-gap semiconductors, AlGaN, AlN, GaN, silicon carbide on silicon, self-organization of the composition, HVPE method, solid solutions, heterostructures.
Магнитные, электронные и оптические свойства тетраборатов NiB-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=- и CoB-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=- в трех структурных модификациях
Authors: Шинкоренко А.С. , Зиненко В.И. , Павловский М.С.
Published: December 2020

Within a framework of the density functional theory using the VASP software package, physical properties of tetraborate compounds NiB4O7 and CoB4O7 in three structural modifications with space symmetry groups of Pbca, Cmcm and P6522 were calculated. The dependences of the enthalpy of compounds on pressure in studied structural modifications are calculated. The calculated electron densities of states and band structures showed that studied compounds in all considered modifications are dielectrics with a band gap of 3-4 eV. The calculation of the magnetic exchange constants was carried out in the Heisenberg model, which showed qualitative agreement with experiment.
Квантовая теория пьезоэлектрического эффекта в редкоземельных ферроборатах
Authors: Попов А.И. , Плохов Д.И. , Звездин А.К.
Published: December 2020

Quantum theory of piezoelectric effect in rare-earth ferroborates has been developed. It was found that single-ion mechanisms are predominantly responsible for the effect: electric dipole moments are induced directly in the electronic $4f$ shells of rare-earth ions in the presence of mechanical stresses in a crystal, which leads to the polarization of the crystal. The effect is quantitatively considered using the example of neodymium and samarium ferroborates, in particular, in the temperature range from 0 K to 300 K, the temperature dependences of piezoelectric modules are obtained. It is additionally shown that it is also possible for the crystal to become polarized along the crystallographic $c$-axis at the temperatures below the Néel point upon deformation of the crystal in a magnetic field. The temperature, field and orientation dependences of magnetically induced piezomodules are calculated.
Анализ процесса образования нанозародышей при структурном фазовом переходе в молекулярных кристаллах нормальных алканов
Authors: Егоров В.М. , Борисов А.К. , Марихин В.А.
Published: December 2020

Методом дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии исследованы фазовые переходы в гомологическом ряду нормальных алканов --- гексадекане (C16H34), гептадекане (C17H36), октадекане (C18H38), нонадекане (C19H40) и эйкозане (C20H42). Устранение методических погрешностей позволило получить истинные значения термодинамических параметров этих переходов. Проведен количественный анализ профилей скачков теплоемкости для твердотельных переходов первого рода на основе теории размытых фазовых переходов, что позволило вычислить размеры нанозародышей новой фазы в объеме старой при структурном фазовом переходе и рассмотреть кинетику их развития. Усовершенствован метод разделения асимметричных пиков теплоемкости на составляющие, позволивший выделить различные стадии развития твердофазных переходов. Ключевые слова: Длинноцепочечные молекулярные кристаллы, н-алканы, теплофизические свойства, размытые фазовые переходы, дифференциальная сканирующая калориметрия.
Модель графаноподобных соединений h-AB-C: аналитические оценки
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю.
Published: December 2020

In analogy with graphane and fluorographene the model for the compounds h-AB – C, where А and В atoms occupy the sites of the flat hexagonal lattice and С atoms, connected with А and В atoms, are placed by the opposite sides of the АВ-list is proposed. Numerical estimations are fulfilled for the h-A3B5 – C4 compounds, where А, В and С are the atoms from the same row of the Periodic Table. Analytical results are obtained for the electronic spectrum, quantum capacitance, local defect states, force constants and characteristics phonon friquences.
Web-Based Cognitive Testing of Older Adults in Person Versus at Home: Within-Subjects Comparison Study
Authors: Cyr Andrée-Ann , Romero Kristoffer , Galin-Corini Laura
Published: December 2020

Background

Web-based research allows cognitive psychologists to collect high-quality data from a diverse pool of participants with fewer resources. However, web-based testing presents unique challenges for researchers and clinicians working with aging populations. Older adults may be less familiar with computer usage than their younger peers, leading to differences in performance when completing web-based tasks in their home versus in the laboratory under the supervision of an experimenter.

Objective

This study aimed to use a within-subjects design to compare the performance of healthy older adults on computerized cognitive tasks completed at home and in the laboratory. Familiarity and attitudes surrounding computer use were also examined.

Methods

In total, 32 community-dwelling healthy adults aged above 65 years completed computerized versions of the word-color Stroop task, paired associates learning, and verbal and matrix reasoning in 2 testing environments: at home (unsupervised) and in the laboratory (supervised). The paper-and-pencil neuropsychological versions of these tasks were also administered, along with questionnaires examining computer attitudes and familiarity. The order of testing environments was counterbalanced across participants.

Results

Analyses of variance conducted on scores from the computerized cognitive tasks revealed no significant effect of the testing environment and no correlation with computer familiarity or attitudes. These null effects were confirmed with follow-up Bayesian analyses. Moreover, performance on the computerized tasks correlated positively with performance on their paper-and-pencil equivalents.

Conclusions

Our findings show comparable performance on computerized cognitive tasks in at-home and laboratory testing environments. These findings have implications for researchers and clinicians wishing to harness web-based testing to collect meaningful data from older adult populations.
A Novel Convolutional Neural Network for the Diagnosis and Classification of Rosacea: Usability Study
Authors: Zhao Zhixiang , Wu Che-Ming , Zhang Shuping , He Fanping , Liu Fangfen , Wang Ben , Huang Yingxue , Shi Wei , Jian Dan , Xie Hongfu , Yeh Chao-Yuan , Li Ji
Published: December 2020

Background

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease with variable clinical presentations, including transient flushing, fixed erythema, papules, pustules, and phymatous changes on the central face. Owing to the diversity in the clinical manifestations of rosacea, the lack of objective biochemical examinations, and nonspecificity in histopathological findings, accurate identification of rosacea is a big challenge. Artificial intelligence has emerged as a potential tool in the identification and evaluation of some skin diseases such as melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and psoriasis.

Objective

The objective of our study was to utilize a convolutional neural network (CNN) to differentiate the clinical photos of patients with rosacea (taken from 3 different angles) from those of patients with other skin diseases such as acne, seborrheic dermatitis, and eczema that could be easily confused with rosacea.

Methods

In this study, 24,736 photos comprising of 18,647 photos of patients with rosacea and 6089 photos of patients with other skin diseases such as acne, facial seborrheic dermatitis, and eczema were included and analyzed by our CNN model based on ResNet-50.

Results

The CNN in our study achieved an overall accuracy and precision of 0.914 and 0.898, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.972 for the detection of rosacea. The accuracy of classifying 3 subtypes of rosacea, that is, erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, papulopustular rosacea, and phymatous rosacea was 83.9%, 74.3%, and 80.0%, respectively. Moreover, the accuracy and precision of our CNN to distinguish rosacea from acne reached 0.931 and 0.893, respectively. For the differentiation between rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, and eczema, the overall accuracy of our CNN was 0.757 and the precision was 0.667. Finally, by comparing the CNN diagnosis with the diagnoses by dermatologists of different expertise levels, we found that our CNN system is capable of identifying rosacea with a performance superior to that of resident doctors or attending physicians and comparable to that of experienced dermatologists.

Conclusions

The findings of our study showed that by assessing clinical images, the CNN system in our study could identify rosacea with accuracy and precision comparable to that of an experienced dermatologist.
Parental Education or Household Income? Which Socioeconomic Status Indicator Can Better Reduce Body Mass Index Disparities among Latino Children?
Authors: Assari Shervin , Malek-Ahmadi Mohammad Reza , Caldwell Cleopatra H.
Published: December 2020

Aim: We compared the effects of parental education and household income on children’s Body Mass Index (BMI) in Hispanic White (HW) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) families. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we borrowed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and analyzed data of 5100 children between the ages of 9 and 10. The independent variables were parental education and household income. The primary outcome was BMI value. Ethnicity was the moderating variable. Confounders were age, sex, and family structure. Three mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis. Results: Overall, higher parental education and household income were associated with lower BMI levels in children. While an interaction was reported between ethnicity and parental education, no relation was noted between ethnicity and household income regarding BMI. The interaction indicated weaker protective effects of high parental education on BMI in HW children than NHW children. Household income showed similar protective effects on children’s BMI in HW and NHW families. Conclusion: Parental education but not household income loses some of its protective effects on childhood BMI among HW families compared to NHW families. Distal social determinants of health may be more vulnerable to the MDRs (minorities’ diminished returns) than proximal ones. As a result, closing the income gap may be a good strategy towards closing the childhood BMI gap between highly educated HW and NHW families. Policies that raise the minimum wage and those that help HW families save money (e.g., earned income tax policies) maybe more promising strategies to eliminate the ethnic gap in BMI than increasing the education level of ethnic minority families.
Evaluación clínica de pacientes con hiperplasia prostática benigna grado II en una unidad de medicina familiar
Authors: Jiménez Tlatenchi David Evaristo , García González Juan Edgardo , Zempoalteca Morales Alfonso
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: evaluar la evolución clínica de pacientes con hiperplasia prostática benigna grado ii en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar (umf) No. 77. Métodos: estudio longitudinal realizado de enero a octubre de 2019, se seleccionaron 206 derechohabientes de forma aleatoria sistematizada, diagnosticados con hiperplasia prostática benigna grado ii, sin antecedentes quirúrgicos del aparato urinario; para evaluar la evolución de los síntomas prostáticos se utilizó el cuestionario internacional de síntomas prostáticos (ipss) en tres ocasiones (cero, tres y seis meses). Para el análisis descriptivo se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y para comparar los resultados la prueba McNemar. Resultados: en la primera aplicación 174 pacientes presentaron síntomas leves, 29, síntomas moderados y 3, síntomas severos; en la segunda aplicación 172, presentaron síntomas leves, 34, síntomas moderados y ninguno presentó síntomas severos; en la tercera aplicación 174, presentaron síntomas leves, 26, síntomas moderados y 6, síntomas severos. La prueba de McNemar no resultó estadísticamente significativa al comparar los tres resultados. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados con tratamiento mantuvieron síntomas prostáticos estables.
Nivel de conocimiento sobre los usos terapéuticos de la cannabis en médicos adscritos a un hospital del Estado de México
Authors: Velasco Ramírez Karina , Godínez Tamay Edgar Daniel
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: identificar el nivel de conocimiento sobre los usos terapéuticos de la cannabis en personal médico adscrito a un hospital del Estado de México. Métodos: estudio transversal. Se elaboró un instrumento de once preguntas para identificar el nivel de conocimiento sobre los usos terapéuticos de la Cannabis sativa e indica. El instrumento clasificó el conocimiento en suficiente, medianamente suficiente y no suficiente; participaron 31 médicos generales y especialistas; se realizó estadística descriptiva para el análisis de los resultados obtenidos. Resultados: 71% de los participantes era del sexo masculino (22) y 29%, femenino (9); 25% tenía estudios de licenciatura (8) y 74% había cursado una especialidad (23). Al evaluar el nivel de conocimiento acerca de los usos terapéuticos de cannabis se encontró que 71% de los médicos tenía un nivel de conocimiento medianamente suficiente (22), 16.1%, conocimiento suficiente (5) y 12.9%, no suficiente (4). Conclusiones: la mayoría de los entrevistados tuvo un nivel de conocimientos medianamente suficiente. Es importante realizar más estudios sobre el uso terapéutico del cannabis, realizar un análisis crítico de la evidencia sobre este tópico y mejorar la capacitación y actualización sobre posibles alternativas terapéuticas en médicos generales y especialistas.
Fenomena Membaca Label Informasi Makanan pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya
Authors: Mulia Muhammad Imam , Syakurah Rizma Adlia , Ma’mun Asmarani
Published: December 2020

Sekitar 1.9 milyar dewasa muda di dunia memiliki kelebihan berat badan. Ketidakseimbangan antara pemasukan dan pemakaian energi menyebabkan obesitas. Pesan Umum Gizi Seimbang yang dikeluarkan Kemenkes untuk menanggulanginya adalah membaca label informasi makanan. Hanya 6,7% konsumen di Indonesia yang memperhatikan label informasi makanan kemasan. Pemahaman mahasiswa kesehatan dan dokter praktek tentang label informasi makanan sangat rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perilaku membaca label informasi makanan dikalangan mahasiswa kedokteran. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara focus group discussion (FGD). Informan penelitian adalah 35 mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling dan dibagi dalam empat kelompok FGD. Gambaran perilaku membaca label informasi makanan pada penelitian ini dideskripsikan dengan konsep Health Belief Model. Pada perceived susceptibility, mahasiswa mengadopsi perilaku ini karena merasa rentan terhadap penyakit metabolik yang mungkin terjadi. Pada perceived seriousness, mahasiswa tahu bahaya penyakit yang ditimbulkan dari tidak membaca label. Pada perceived benefit, mahasiswa mau membaca label karena paham akan manfaatnya. Pada perceived barrier, mahasiswa tidak membaca karena merasa tidak pernah disosialisasikan pemerintah. Pada cue to action, mahasiswa mau mulai membaca ketika diberi pelajaran di kuliah. Mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya cenderung tidak melakukan kebiasaan membaca label informasi makanan
Analisis Indeks Glikemik Minuman Sereal Tentara Nasional Indonesia
Authors: Ilmi Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul , Djumantara Jasmine Ramadina , Syah Muhammad Nur Hasan , Sufyan Dian Luthfiana
Published: December 2020

Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) merupakan alat pertahanan negara yang memiliki banyak tugas di lapang. Dalam menjalankan setiap tugasnya, setiap prajurit TNI dituntut untuk memiliki kondisi kesehatan yang baik dan prima. Selama menjalankan tugasnya di lapang, prajurit TNI memerlukan makanan yang mudah dan cepat dikonsumsi serta padat akan energi. TNI sudah mengembangkan salah satu produk minuman sereal yang padat energi dan mudah penyajian, yaitu imukal. Namun informasi terkait produk tersebut masih terbatas, terutama bagaimana kecepatan minuman sereal dirubah menjadi glukosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa indeks glikemik serta beban glikemik minuman sereal imukal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu desain studi eksperimental. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 14 responden penelitian yang terdiri dari 7 perempuan dan 7 laki-laki. Kadar glukosa darah responden diperiksa setelah mengonsumsi pangan standar berupa glukosa murni dan pangan uji berupa produk imukal. Hasil analisis kandungan gizi didapatkan dalam setiap kemasan produk imukal (35 gr) mengandung 0,89 gram air, 1,03 gram abu, 3,11 gram protein, 6,04 gram lemak, 23,93 gram karbohidrat, serta 162,48 kkal energi. Indeks glikemik produk imukal 89,98 (SD±28,55) yang termasuk kategori indeks glikemik tinggi. Sedangkan beban glikemik produk imukal 21,53 (SD±6,83) yang termasuk kategori beban glikemik tinggi.
Formulasi Tepung Sukun Dan Formula Tempe Dalam Pembuatan Biskuit Pada Balita
Authors: Ginting Wira Maria , Meriahta Desi , Manurung Jelita
Published: December 2020

Tepung sukun merupakan tepung yang bebas gluten sehingga baik digunakan sebagai alternative dalam pembuatan biscuit didapupadankan dengan formula tempe, dimana kandungan formula tempe tinggi akan protein yang kaya akan asam amino esensial. Formulasi tepung sukun dan formula tempe diolah menjadi biscuit sukun dan tempe (SUTE) menjadi panganan sehat yang diperuntukkan kepada anak balita dan tidak menutup kemungkinan menjadi pangan sehat bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengenai pemanfaatan buah sukun dan tempe sebagai bahan pangan fungsional bagi anak balita oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap setiap formulasi biscuit SUTE. Setiap formulasinya dilakukan uji proksimat dan dilakukan uji organoleptic. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis Duncan dan Kruskal Wallis Test. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan proposive sampling. Biskuit SUTE tersukai adalah formulasi sample 2 dengan formulasi tepung sukun 50 gr dan formula tempe 50 gr dengan penilaian uji organoleptic disukai. Kandungan gizi biscuit sute sampel 2 per 100 gr, protein 11,28%, kadar abu 1.43%, lemak 32,79%, air 8,87% dan karbohidrat 45,63%. Biscuit sute sampel 2 disukai karna mempunyai rasa dan aroma yang tidak begitu pahit dan langu dibandingkan biscuit sute sampel 1 dan biscuit sute sampel 3
Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Makanan Di Instalasi Gizi Rsud Dr. M.M Dunda Limboto
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Ramadhani Firdausi , Lestari Andjani Putri
Published: December 2020

Pelayanan di rumah sakit bagian gizi adalah pelayanan gizi yang disesuaikan dengan keadaan pasien berdasarkan keadaan klinis, status gizi dan status metabolisme. Pasien yang dirawat rentan mengalami masalah gizi, sehingga asupan gizi yang memadai sangat penting dalam proses penyembuhan. Pelayanan makanan di rumah sakit sering diperhatikan oleh banyak pihak karena berkaitan dengan kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai gambaran kepuasan pada kualitas pelayanan distribusi makanan di instalasi gizi RSUD Dr M.M Dunda Limboto. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling, sehingga total sampel adalah sebanyak 110 sampel. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kepuasan pelayanan makanan yang meliputi aspek wujud nyata (tangibles), kehandalan (realibility), kesigapan (responsivenees), jaminan (assurance), empati (empathy). Teknik analisis kepuasan pelayanan makanan responden dilakukan dengan cara analisis univariat. Penelitian menunjukkan responden perempuan (56,4%) lebih banyak dibandingkan responden laki – laki (43,6%). Pengukuran kepuasan dari aspek wujud nyata (tangibles) respon merasa sangat puas yakni 74,3% dan hanya 25,7% yang merasa puas, pada aspek kehandalan (realibility) puas 40,9% dan tidak puas 7,3%, pada aspek kesigapan (responsiveness) kurang puas 58,6% dan sangat puas 7,3%, pada aspek jaminan (assurance) puas 50,8% dan sangat puas 49,2%, aspek empati (empaty) kurang puas 49,1% dan sangat puas 14,5%. Pasien sebagian besar sangat puas pada aspek tangiable, puas pada aspek reliability, kurang puas pada aspek responsiveness, puas pada aspek assurance, dan kurang puas pada aspek empaty
Hubungan Asupan Karbohidrat dan Lemak dengan Gejala Hipoglikemia Pada Remaja Di SMA Sejahtera 1 Depok
Authors: Suryanto Imiel , Puspita Ikha Deviyanti
Published: December 2020

Usia remaja adalah usia dimana terjadinya banyak perubahan hormonal, perubahan struktur fisik dan psikologis. Remaja cenderung mengonsumsi makanan yang mereka sukai tanpa diimbangi pola hidup yang sehat. Hipoglikemia dapat dipengaruhi oleh pola makan dan asupan makan seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan karbohidrat dan lemak dengan gejala hipoglikemia pada remaja di SMA Sejahtera 1 Depok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Responden penelitian berjumlah 85 responden siswa/i aktif di SMA Sejahtera 1 Depok dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian.  Hipoglikemi diukur menggunakan kuesioner tanda dan gejala hipoglikemia dan asupan karbohidrat serta lemak diperoleh menggunakan formulir Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Setelah dilakukan pengolahan dan analisis data diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan karbohidrat terhadap gejalahipoglikemia (p= 0,186); dan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan lemak terhadap gejala hipogliekma (p=0,198). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan karbohidrat, dan lemak terhadap gejala hipoglikemia pada remaja di SMA Sejahtera 1 Depok
Self-Esteem and Academic Achievement: The Relationship and Gender Differences of Malaysian University Undergraduates
Authors: Subon Frankie , Unin Norseha , Sulaiman Nor Hafisah Binti
Published: December 2020

A positive correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement is often noted in the literature on educational psychology. As such, self-esteem and academic achievement are often inter-related. Additionally, gender is believed to have an impact on an individual’s self-esteem and varied disparities are found in self-esteem level between genders. The relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement among undergraduates in Malaysia, is still understudied and the lack of literature necessitates an empirical study. Hence, this study explored the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement among undergraduates of a private university in Malaysia. Also, it investigated if there is any significant difference in self-esteem and academic achievement between genders. A convenience sampling method was employed on 60 male and 60 female undergraduates of TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language) program. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire was utilized to obtain the data on the participants’ self-esteem and their Grade Point Average (GPA). Data analysis using Spearman’s rho correlation revealed a significant relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement. Based on the Chi-square test result, a significant difference in academic achievement between male and female students was established. However, the independent t-test result revealed an absence of significant difference in self-esteem between male and female students. The findings demonstrate essential implications for students, counselors, and educators, and suggest relevant recommendations for future research. A larger sample size should be employed, and other important demographic variables should be explored to examine more in-depth into this interesting field of study.
Adolescent Health Literacy, Social Media Exposure, and Perceived Health Status
Authors: Buot Jilian Betina L. , Dy Marison Felicidad R.
Published: December 2020

This study determined the relationships of functional, interactive and critical adolescent health literacy with sociodemographic characteristics, social media exposure (SME), and perceived health status (PHS). A total of 314 high school students from Grades 7 to 10 completed a self-administered questionnaire. Findings revealed that functional health literacy is influenced by age (p-value = 0.058) and parents' educational attainment (FEA: p-value = 0.059; MEA: p-value = 0.033); interactive health literacy was only significantly associated with SME (p-value = 0.004); and critical health literacy was significantly correlated with father's educational attainment (p-value = 0.062), SME (p-value = 0.08), and PHS (p-value = 0.019). For the logistic regression model of functional health literacy, only age was a distinct variable, and for interactive health literacy, it was SME. Other variables such as parenting styles, socioeconomic class, and school and peer influences are encouraged for future research for a deeper understanding of adolescent health literacy.
A simplified alternative diagnostic algorithm for SARS-CoV-2 suspected symptomatic patients and confirmed close contacts (asymptomatic): A consensus of Latin American experts
Authors: Fay Fabian F. , Alvarez-Moreno Carlos Arturo , Bonvehi Pablo E , Espinoza Carolina Cucho , Hidalgo Marco Luis Herrera , Marcano-Lozada Marcel , Perez Carlos M. , Pulchinelli Alvaro , Sáenz-Flor Vinicio Klever , Condino-Neto Antonio
Published: December 2020

Latin America accounts for roughly one-quarter of global COVID-19 cases
and one-third of deaths. Health inequalities in the region lead to
barriers regarding the best use of diagnostic tests during the pandemic.
There is a need for a simplified guideline in the region that takes into
consideration the available health resources, international guidelines,
medical literature, and local expertise.

Nine experts from different Latin American countries developed a
simplified algorithm for COVID-19 diagnosis in the region, using a
modified Delphi method. Twenty-four questions related to diverse
diagnostic settings were initially proposed, followed by an extensive
discussion of the literature and experts’ experience.

According to time from close contact or symptom onset, the algorithm
considers three different timeframes (≤7 days, 8–13 days, and ≥14 days)
and discusses diagnostic options for each one. SARS-CoV-2 real-time
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) continues to
be the diagnostic test of choice from Day 1 to Day 14 after symptom
onset or close contact, although antigen testing may be used in
high-prevalence settings or in particular situations (such as from Day 0
to Days 5–7 of symptom onset). Antibody assays may be used for
diagnostic confirmation, mainly after Day 14, if there is an
epidemiological or individual need. If the clinical suspicion is very
high, but other tests are negative, these assays may be used as an
adjunct to decision-making from Days 8–13.

The proposed algorithm is intended to be used as a support for COVID-19
diagnosis decision-making in Latin America.
Measuring Wavelength with a Ruler
Authors: Bullard Forrest
Published: December 2020

In this experiment we will find that the wavelength of light from a
laser can be measured fairly well with the clever use of a ruler. This
is a fine way to introduce more advanced forms of error propagation, as
well as some introductory statistical analysis tools, to students in an
upper division physics lab who are looking to understand the appropriate
ways to interpret and report data. The evaluation methods used come
directly from John R. Taylor’s ”An Introduction to Error
Analysis”
Potassium limitation promotes the Sweetgum-Clitopilus symbiosis
Authors: peng long , Shan Xiaoliang , Yang Yuzhan , Wang Yuchen , Druzhinina Irina , Pan Xueyu , Jin Wei , He Xinghua , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Xiaoguo , Martin Francis , Yuan Zhilin
Published: December 2020

Several species of soil free-living saprotrophs can sometimes establish
biotrophic symbiosis with plants, but the basic biology of this
association remains largely unknown. Here, we investigate the symbiotic
interaction between a common soil saprotroph, Clitopilus hobsonii
(Agaricomycetes), and the American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua).
Notably, the colonized root cortical cells contain numerous
microsclerotia-like structures. Fungal colonization led to increased
plant growth and facilitated potassium uptake, particularly under
potassium limitation (0.05 mM K+). The expression of plant genes related
to potassium uptake is not altered during symbiosis, whereas the
transcripts of three fungal genes encoding ACU, HAK, and SKC involved in
K+ nutrition is found in colonized roots. We confirmed the K+ influx
activities by expressing the ChACU and ChSKC genes into a yeast
K+-uptake-defective mutant. Upregulation of the ChACU under 0.05 mM K+
and no K+ conditions was demonstrated in planta and in vitro compared to
normal condition (5 mM K+). In addition, colonized plants displayed a
larger accumulation of soluble sugars under 0.05 mM K+. The present
study highlights that potassium limitation promotes this novel
tree-fungus symbiosis mainly through a reciprocal transfer of additional
carbon and potassium to both partners, and the role of dual soil
saprotroph/symbiotroph in tree nutrition.
3D imaging of ZnO NP distribution and ROS accumulation in MCF-7 cells and quantification of retention dynamics using laser scanning confocal microscopy
Authors: Dey Aishee , Suman Gare , Swain Sarpras , Bhattacharya Proma , Dhyani Vaibhav , Giri Lopamudra , Neogi Sudarsan
Published: December 2020

Abstract Generally, investigations on nanomedicine involve conventional
imaging techniques for obtaining static images on nanoparticle
internalization at a single time point where various phases can be
overlooked. In contrast, 3D live-cell imaging can be used for obtaining
cellular retention of drugs at various phases, and cells can be followed
for days. This article demonstrates the application of time-lapse
microscopy in the investigation of Poly-L-lysine coated ZnO nanoparticle
dynamics. In this work, a laser scanning confocal microscope has been
employed to quantify the dynamics of internalization particles and
reactive oxygen species generation (ROS) using volumetric imaging.
Firstly, we show that simultaneous spatial mapping of nanoparticle
uptake in MCF-7 cells and ROS in a single cell can be used to identify
the interdependence between the accumulation of particles and ROS
generation. Secondly, monitoring of ROS formation and cytotoxicity using
the same imaging platform offers an advantage over monitoring these
parameters using various instruments. Finally, the ability of the
fluorescent particles in inducing a significant reduction in cell
viability suggests its potential to be used as a therapeutic agent. The
proposed framework opens up a new avenue of research for investigating
mechanistic aspects of ZnO particle adsorption in vitro through long
term imaging. Keywords: Fluorescent ZnO particle, Time-lapse microscopy,
3D Live-cell imaging, laser scanning confocal microscope, Reactive
oxygen species
Employee Satisfaction and Work-Life Balance in Accounting Firms and Audit Quality
Authors: Khavis Joshua A. , Krishnan Jagan
Published: December 2020

The PCAOB's audit-quality framework posits that superior inputs are essential for achieving high audit quality, and these inputs depend on the accounting firm's ability to recruit and retain quality personnel. However, the link between these inputs and audit quality has gone largely unexplored. We use employees' reviews of accounting firm employers from Glassdoor.com to examine perceptions of these inputs, and test whether accounting firms' internal characteristics explain employee satisfaction and audit quality. Our descriptive evidence suggests that “career opportunities,” “senior management,” and “culture and values” play a more important role in employees' satisfaction than do “compensation and benefits” or “work-life balance.” Although work-life balance is not among the most important factors that are associated with audit employees' job satisfaction, better work-life balance is nonetheless associated with higher audit quality. However, we do not find a significant association between audit-employees' job satisfaction and audit quality.
Montaj Hattı Dengelemede Yeniden İşleme İstasyonlarının Paralel Görevler için Kullanımının Matematiksel Programlama ve Simülasyon ile Analizi
Authors: KAYMAZ Elif , ÇAVDUR Fatih
Published: December 2020

Montaj hatlarında yeniden işleme istasyonları genellikle uygun olmayan ürünlerin yeniden işlendiği bir istasyon olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, yeniden işleme istasyonunun yalnızca bu amaç için kullanılması montaj hattı hata oranının düşük olması durumunda, bu istasyonda bulunan kaynakların verimsiz bir şekilde kullanılmasına neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle, yeniden işleme istasyonunun paralel görevler için kullanılması dikkate alınarak çevrim süresini minimize etmeyi amaçlayan bir doğrusal olmayan karışık-tamsayılı programlama modeli sunulmuştur. Paralel görevlerle ilgili doğrusal-olmayan kısıt, değişken dönüşümü ile doğrusallaştırılarak, model doğrusal-karışık-tamsayılı şekle dönüştürülmüştür. Buna ek olarak, çalışma kapsamında, problemin stokastik unsurları dikkate alınarak, tamsayılı programdan elde edilen sonuçların doğrulanması için de bir simülasyon modeli geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen model ile örnek bir problem simüle edilerek, söz konusu problem için tamsayılı programlama modelinden elde edilen çözümün uygulanabilirliği incelenmiştir.
A Leopard 2 harckocsicsalád és a Magyar Honvédség 2A4 és 2A7+ típusváltozatai II. rész
Authors: Kurcz Kristóf , Vég Róbert , Hegedűs Ernő
Published: December 2020

A cikksorozat aktualitását a Leopard 2A4 harckocsik magyarországi hadrendbe vétele adja. A tanulmány első része bevezetésként az előd típuscsaládot, a Leopard 1-est mutatta be, részletesen elemezve a harckocsi erőforrását, futóművét és fő fegyverzetét. A szerzők ezt követően megkezdték a típus korszerűsítésével létrejött, elődjénél nagyobb védettséggel és tűzerővel rendelkező Leopard 2-es általános felépítésének ismertetését. A sorozat 2. része az A4 változatot mutatja be.
A hazai haditechnikai kutatás-fejlesztés szervezeti háttere: a Magyar Honvédség K+F szervezetei (1920-2020) I. rész
Authors: Hegedűs Ernő , Kende György
Published: December 2020

A tanulmány a haditechnikai kutatás-fejlesztés hazai szervezeti viszonyait vizsgálja, különös tekintettel a szakterület centenáriumára. Kitér a hazai viszonyok között kidolgozott komplex elméleti modellre, illetve a kezdetektől vizsgálja az aktív nemzetközi együttműködés rendszerét is. A hazai haditechnikai K+F rendszerét érintő legutóbbi jelentős tényező a Zrínyi 2026 Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program.
Zrínyi-Újvár kutatása a hadirégészet eszközeivel I. rész
Authors: Négyesi Lajos , Németh András , Padányi József , Szabó András
Published: December 2020

A hadirégészet a hadtörténelem segédtudománya, amely a terepkutatás során elsősorban a történeti régészet szemléletének megfelelően, a levéltári forrásokon alapuló hadtörténeti rekonstrukciók alapján megfogalmazott kérdésekre keres választ. A hadtörténelmi forráskritika egy eszközének is tekinthetjük, azonban a célirányos kutatások során – a természettudomány eszközrendszerét alkalmazva –, képes új információk, tehát új forráscsoport feltárására, azonban ezek értelmezése csak az írott források tükrében adhat tudományos értékű eredményt. A szerzők tanulmányukban Zrínyi-Újvár feltárásának példáján keresztül mutatják be azt az eszközrendszert és módszertant, amelyek használatával hozzájárultak Zrínyi Miklós örökségének megőrzéséhez.
Optimization of Tilt Angle of a PV System to Get Maximum Generated Power: a Case Study
Authors: Taha Harwan Mohammed , Hameed Sipan
Published: December 2020

The amount of solar irradiance falls onto photovoltaic (PV) panels depends highly on the tilt angle between the panels and the horizontal plane. Therefore, this angle must be chosen carefully so that the panels can absorb the largest possible amount of the solar beam. It is more convenient for the panels to be installed with the fixed tilt angle once a month or year as the cost and complexity of the solar tracking systems are high. This research determines monthly and yearly optimum tilt angles for 50 KWp solar system in Duhok city, Duhok Polytechnic University campus (Latitude/Longitude: 36.862, 42.980). Moreover, this work examines the performance of the system with different PV technologies which are Crystalline Silicon, Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), and Copper Indium Selenide (CIS) to determine which one is more convenient for Duhok weather. This work uses the PVGIS simulation tool, and the result shows that the 32.7 degree is the optimum tilt angle for fixed annually adjustment for the mentioned city. While the monthly optimum tilt angles were different for each month (the lowest tilt angle was 1.5? observed in June and the highest tilt angle was 63.9? recorded in December). Regarding PV technologies, the CdTe types generated more annual PV energy than other mentioned types, followed by CIS which produced more output PV energy than Crystalline Silicon.
TIPE-TIPE POLA ASUH DALAM PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA
Authors: Handayani Rekno , Purbasari Imaniar , Setiawan Deka
Published: December 2020

This study aims to analyze the type of parenting in the family education of SD 1 Gulang students, Mejobo District, Kudus Regency.This research is a qualitative descriptive study conducted in Gulang Village, Mejobo District, Kudus Regency. The research subjects were grade 4 students of SD 1 Gulang. The data collection techniques used include direct observation, interviews, research documentation, and note taking. Interviews were conducted with parents of students who implemented parenting, students, and teachers who were the main informants. In analyzing the data, the Milles Huberman model was used, namely the analysis was carried out including data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing.The results showed that SD 1 Gulang students received family education from parents who applied various types of parenting styles. The following shows several types of parenting that are found (1) democratic patterns, democratic parenting is a form of parenting that is cooperative for children, but there are certain limitations, this pattern is able to provide maximum education in the family so that children have good character and social attitudes. (2) neglect, this form of parenting has a tendency for parents not to be involved at all in the child's life, (3) authoritarian, the family provides strict supervision to the child so that the parents are quite dominant in the child's life and (4) permissive, the parents In providing assistance, only providing needs without providing good family education to children. Of the four types of parenting found, it is known that democratic patterns are parenting styles that have a positive role for children. The three other parenting styles do not have a positive role. As a result, students become passive and cannot socialize well, so that family education is important for a child's life, especially SD 1 Gulang.
EVALUASI PROGRAM EKSTRAKURIKULER DI SDN CANDIREJO KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Damayanti Winny Rosa , Dwikurnaningsih Yari
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research was to evaluate about context, input, process, and product of extracurricular program in SDN Candirejo Kabupaten Semarang. This type of research was evaluation research by CIPP model. This research method used descriptive qualitative method. This research fosused on extracurricular program in SDN Candirejo Kabupaten Semarang. Data collection techniques used interview, observation and documentation study. Data validity techniques  used tringulation of technique and source. Data analysis steps were data collection, data reduction, data display and data verification. The result of this research were (1) The context aspects was in accordance with Extracurricular Technical Guide in Elementary School, such as extracurricular program background was to facilitate and develop student’s potential, talents and interests, and to cultivate student’s mentally and self-confidence. (2) Input aspects included planning, human resource involved, and financing were adequate and in accordance with Extracurricular Technical Guide in Elementary School. Extracurricular facilities need to be improved; (3) Process aspects were extracurricular program implementation included program mechanism, program implementation, facilities management, human resource and financing were in accordance with program planning that has been prepared which reffering to Extracurricular Technical Guide in Elementary School. (4) Product aspects were increased student’s skill, the school often got requests to perform at events, received more than 35 students every year; (5) supporting factors such as team work, commitment and competent human resource. Inhibiting factors such as limited partners, extracurricular class was not yet available.
MODEL PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN MELALUI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Aditya Prihayuda Tatang , Ismanto Bambang
Published: December 2020

Aims of this study explain 1) the process of implementing academic supervision that has been running in the city of Salatiga; 2) how to develop a web-based academic supervision model in improving the quality of education; 3) and find out the results of the effectiveness of web-based academic supervision models in improving the quality of education through limited trials. This type of research is Research and Development (RD). This research development step uses the Borg Gall model which is integrated with the PLOMP model. Data collection techniques using interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques were obtained from interviews and analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques according to Miles and Huberman consisting of data (1) data reduction; (2) data presentation; and (3) conclusions and verification. The results from the questionnaire are calculated to get an average value. Limited trials were conducted by 5 supervisors and 5 teachers with an average yield of 89.92% for supervisors in the excellent category and 89% for the excellent teacher category. Judging from the results of limited trials, this study was declared effective for use.
TINGKAT PARTISIPASI SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Purbawati Christina , Rahmawati Laili Etika , Hidayah Lathifah Nurul , Wardani Lupita Sari Pitra
Published: December 2020

This study aims to identify the level of students participation in virtual learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research location is SMP Negeri 1 Kalijambe with the subjects of class VIII students. The study was conducted in March to May 2020. Data collection techniques in this study through interviews. The research data are in the form of learning outcomes of Grade VIII students online based on the co-19 pandemic era. The results obtained from this study indicate the level of students participation in virtual learning during the Covid-19 pandemic by implementing online learning through WhatsApp is relatively high. This can be seen from the results of class VIII participation which has an average score of 5.2. There are five forms of online learning participation including student attendance, discipline in doing assignments, cooperation in doing group assignments, polite speaking, implementing midterm and final exam.
En el ocaso del Antiguo Régimen: fastos funerarios en Burgos por la muerte de la reina María Isabel de Braganza
Authors: Zaparaín Yáñez María José , Payo Hernanz René Jesús
Published: December 2020

El reinado de Fernando VII supuso un intento de consolidación de las cuestionadas formas políticas del Antiguo Régimen. En este sentido, tuvieron mucha importancia las manifestaciones ligadas a las muertes reales, en las que tanto el arte efímero como la literatura se pusieron al servicio de la monarquía. Las celebraciones funerarias por la muerte de la reina María Isabel de Braganza fueron un buen ejemplo de este intento de consolidación de la monarquía absoluta al final de su existencia. La ciudad de Burgos ejemplifica muy bien este intento de exaltación del Absolutismo a través de la tradición conceptual barroca y las formas neoclásicas.
Micro-arquitecturas “al romano” en la pintura de Pedro Berruguete
Authors: Redondo Cantera María José
Published: December 2020

Diversos fragmentos arquitectónicos representados en la pintura de Pedro Berruguete revelan un conocimiento de formas y composiciones del arte italiano que estuvieron vigentes durante el Quattrocento en la arquitectura y en la talla decorativa, tanto en las reales como en las representadas en pintura. Con estas figuraciones arquitectónicas el pintor se adelantó en la visualización del nuevo modo “al romano” en el arte castellano-leonés.
Comparison of the hemodynamic parameters of transaortic blood flow in patients with aortic stenosis depending on the bicuspid or tricuspid valve structure
Authors: Bazylev V. V. , Babukov R. M. , Bartosh F. L. , Gorshkova A. V.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: comparison of hemodynamic parameters of transaortic blood flow in patients with aortic stenosis depending on the bivalve or tricuspid structure of the aortic valve.

Materials and methods. A study of 180 patients with isolated aortic valve stenosis (AC) with two – and threeleaf structure was conducted. Patients were ranked into 3 comparison subgroups by the area of the effective AC opening from 4 to 1.5 cm2; 1.5 to 1 cm2 and less than 1 cm2. An echocardiographic study was performed with the calculation of all the necessary parameters for the study.

Results. The comparison subgroups were comparable in terms of effective orifice area (AVA), effective orifice area index (IAVA), body mass index (BMI), LV UO index, and LV FV (p > 0.05). However, the indicators Vmax, Gmean, and AT in patients with a bivalve AK structure in all comparison subgroups were significantly higher than in patients with a tricuspid structure. Comparison subgroup with AVA from 4 to 1.5 cm2: Vmax 2.8 ± 9 m/s and 2.5 ± 6 m/s p = 0.02. Gmean 18.6 ± 7.2 mm Hg and 15 ± 6 mm Hg p = 0.03, AT 82 ± 12 ms and 70 ± 10 ms p = 0.002. Comparison subgroup with AVA from 1.5 to 1 cm2: Vmax 3.7 ± 0.8 m/s and 3.5 ± 0.6 m/s p = 0.02. Average transaortic gradient 37 ± 10 mm Hg and 29 ± 5 mm Hg p = 0.04, AT 103 ± 11 ms and 94 ± 10 ms p = 0.02. Comparison subgroup with an effective area of less than 1 cm2: Vmax 5.7 ± 1.2 m/s and 4.7 ± 0.7 m/s p = 0.001, Gmean 54 ± 15 and 43 ± 11 mm Hg p < 0.001, AT 127 ± 20 ms and 112 ± 10 ms p = 0.002.

Conclusion. Echocardiographic indicators of Vmax and Gmean in patients with bivalve AC structure have higher values than in patients with tricuspid AC structure with a comparable opening area.