bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entomological survey for identification of Aedes larval breeding sites and their distribution in Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Sahidur , Faruk Md. Omar , Tanjila Sumiya , Sabbir Nur Mohammad , Haider Najmul , Chowdhury Sharmin
Published: May 2021

Background

Studying the characteristics of Aedes mosquito habitats is essential to control the mosquito population. The objective of this study was to identify the breeding sites of Aedes larvae and their distribution in Chattogram, Bangladesh. We conducted an entomological survey in 12 different sub-districts (Thana) under Chattogram City, during the late monsoon (August to November) 2019. The presence of different wet containers along with their characteristics and immature mosquitoes was recorded in field survey data form. Larvae and/or pupae were collected and brought to the laboratory for identification.

Results

Different indices like house index, container index, and the Breteau index were estimated. The multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identify habitats that were more likely to be positive for Aedes larvae/pupae. A total of 704 wet containers of 37 different types from 216 properties were examined, where 52 (7.39%) were positive for Aedes larvae or pupae. Tire, plastic buckets, plastic drums, and coconut shells were the most prevalent container types. The plastic group possessed the highest container productivity (50%) whereas the vehicle and machinery group was found as most efficient (1.83) in terms of immature Aedes production. Among the total positive properties, 8% were infested with Aedes aegypti, 2% with Aedes albopictus, and 1% contained both species Ae. aegypti and A. albopictus. The overall house index was 17.35%, the container index was 7%, and the Breteau index was 24.49. Containers in multistoried houses had significantly lower positivity compared to independent houses. Binary logistic regression represented that containers having shade were 6.7 times more likely to be positive than the containers without shade (p< 0.01).

Conclusions

These findings might assist the authorities to identify the properties, containers, and geographical areas with different degrees of risk for mosquito control interventions to prevent dengue and other Aedes-borne disease transmissions.
Rochester’s Rainbow Dialogues
Authors: Carroll Tamar W.
Published: May 2021

This article discusses the role of public history events and community archives in transmitting memories of the HIV/AIDS epidemics and the lessons of social activism to younger generations. By intentionally centering the stories of members of marginalized communities, organizers work toward institutionalizing a more inclusive memory.
Remediating AIDS Archives
Authors: Lang Tamara de Szegheo
Published: May 2021

In response to mainstream narratives of AIDS history, which too often highlight only experiences of white, cisgender gay men, this article argues that an analysis of recent AIDS activist media is crucial to complicate mainstream representations. It looks to recent video work as an important site of a diversified AIDS history and analyzes three videos made by Thomas Allen Harris, Shanti Avirgan, and Nguyen Tan Hoang for the Visual AIDS Alternate Endings series. Instead of presenting AIDS history as firmly embedded in the past, much of this newer work intertwines past and present to show the ongoing nature of the crisis. Many videos use archival footage to highlight the persistent nature of racism, poverty, drug use stigma, and health care barriers in the epidemic. Through temporal contrast, the videos powerfully show that progress is not always linear, and the past has much to teach us about the present.
A comparison of two peak skin dose metrics calculated by patient dose management systems: implications for clinical management
Authors: Coates Alisha , Rogers Andy
Published: May 2021

Objective:

The patient dose monitoring systems DoseWatch and DoseWise were compared to evaluate their reported patient Peak Skin Dose.

Methods:

20 patients with the highest Peak Skin Dose on DoseWise were obtained; the values were converted to a Reference Point Air Kerma (RPAK) value and used for comparison. These patients were accessed in DoseWatch to obtain the recorded Worst Case RPAK. The co-ordinates for the position were obtained for each patient to find a primary and secondary angular position for the peak skin dose. The two positions produced by the two softwares were compared.

Results:

There is a mean deviation of over 0.5 Gy between the two software packages when comparing the calculated maximum skin air kerma Peak skin dose from DoseWise and the Worst Case RPAK from DoseWatch.

Conclusion:

We have shown mean deviations between these two systems. This difference is enough, for higher peak skin absorbed dose patients, to change the management of patients, so local services must understand their models to properly implement patient management.

Advances in knowledge:

Neither system is incorrect, but these differences show that a deeper understanding of the analysis limitations is required to properly inform post-procedural high-skin dose follow-up procedures.
Reviewers for Entomologia Hellenica
Authors: Andreadis Stefanos
Published: May 2021

The Editor-in-Chief and the Subject Editors of Entomologia Hellenicathank the following scientists for their voluntary commitment of valuable professional time and expertise to peer reviewing manuscripts submitted for publication in our journal. The quality and scientific stature of the journal depends on the conscientious efforts of these individuals.
First record of the alien exotic sap beetle Phenolia (Lasiodites) picta (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Greece
Authors: Kalaentzis Konstantinos , Mpamnaras Athanasios , Kazilas Christos
Published: May 2021

The exotic sap beetle Phenolia (Lasiodites) picta (Macleay, 1825) is recorded for the first time in Greece. In August 2018, a nitidulid beetle was found near Mt. Pelion of Central Greece. It was later identified as P. picta, a recent alien species in Europe, previously recorded from Spain, France, and Turkey. Photographic material and information on the species’ distribution, biology, and potential economic and ecological implications are presented and discussed.
Entry of antiepileptic drugs (valproate and lamotrigine) into the developing rat brain
Authors: Toll Samuel J. , Qiu Fiona , Huang Yifan , Habgood Mark D. , Dziegielewska Katarzyna M. , Nie Shuai , Saunders Norman R.
Published: May 2021

Background:Women with epilepsy face difficult choices whether to continue antiepileptic drug treatment during pregnancy, as uncontrolled seizures carry great risk to mother and fetus but continuing treatment may have adverse effects on baby’s development. This study aimed at evaluating antiepileptic drug entry into developing brain.

Methods:Anaesthetised pregnant, non-pregnant adult females, postnatal and fetal rats were injected intraperitoneally with different doses, single or in combinations, of valproate and lamotrigine, all within clinical range. Injectate included3H-labelled drug. After 30min, CSF, blood and brain samples were obtained; radioactivity was measured using liquid scintillation counting. Some animals were also exposed to valproate in feed throughout pregnancy and into neonatal period. Drug levels were measured by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results are given as CSF or tissue/plasma% as index of drug entry.

Results:Entry of valproate into brain and CSF was higher at E19 and P4 compared to adult but was not dose-dependent;  placental transfer increased significantly at highest dose of 100mg/Kg. Lamotrigine entry into the brain was dose dependent only at E19. Chronic valproate treatment, or combination of valproate and lamotrigine had little effect on either drug entry, except for reduced valproate brain entry in adult brain with chronic treatment. Placental transfer decreased significantly after chronic valproate treatment. LC-MS measurement of valproate in adults confirmed that rat plasma values were within the clinical range and CSF/plasma and brain/plasma ratios for LC-MS and3H-valproate were similar.

Conclusion:Results suggest that entry of valproate may be higher in developing brain, the capacity of barrier mechanism is mostly unaffected by doses within the clinical range, with or without addition of lamotrigine. Chronic valproate exposure may result in upregulation in cellular mechanisms restricting its entry into the brain. Entry of lamotrigine was little different at different ages and was not dose dependent.
Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of nutrition standards for school food: a mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: O'Mahony Breda , Kerins Claire , Murrin Celine , Kelly Colette
Published: May 2021

Background: The importance of nutrition during childhood and the high prevalence of child and adolescent obesity has resulted in several countries implementing nutritional standards for school food as a way of providing healthy school food environments. Yet, there has been less focus on the barriers and facilitators influencing the process of implementing school food standards. This mixed-methods systematic review aims to address this evidence gap by synthesising the empirical evidence on the factors that may influence the implementation of school food standards.

Methods: This mixed-methods systematic review will use qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods evidence from peer-reviewed publications retrieved from the following databases; PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Grey literature will be accessed through Google Scholar, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, OpenGrey, RIAN, EThOS, ProQuest, WorldCat, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, and public health organisation websites will also be accessed. Screening reference lists and citation chaining of all included studies will also be undertaken. No restrictions on publication date or language will be applied, however, only primary research studies relevant to supply-side stakeholders will be eligible for inclusion. Study quality will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Study titles and abstracts will be screened to decide whether the full-text manuscript should be retrieved. For screening reliability, a second review author will assess a random sample of 20%. Kappa statistics will be used to assess inter-rater reliability, with values of 0.75 and higher representing high agreement. Two authors will independently extract data and factors reported to influence implementation. This will be synthesized using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Discussion: A comprehensive understanding of these factors can provide guidance to relevant stakeholders to enhance the adoption, implementation and sustainability of nutrition standards for school meals.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019117904
Non-Invasive measurement of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen using MRI in rodents
Authors: Wood Tobias C , Cash Diana , MacNicol Eilidh , Simmons Camilla , Kim Eugene , Lythgoe David J , Zelaya Fernando , Turkheimer Federico
Published: May 2021

Malfunctions of oxygen metabolism are suspected to play a key role in a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders, but this hypothesis cannot be properly investigated without an in-vivo non-invasive measurement of brain oxygen consumption. We present a new way to measure the Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen (CMRO2) by combining two existing magnetic resonance imaging techniques, namely arterial spin-labelling and oxygen extraction fraction mapping. This method was validated by imaging rats under different anaesthetic regimes and was strongly correlated to glucose consumption measured by autoradiography.
A protocol for analysing the effects on health and greenhouse gas emissions of implemented climate change mitigation actions
Authors: Hassan Syreen , Cuevas Garcia-Dorado Sol , Belesova Kristine , Murage Peninah , Whitmee Sarah , Huxley Rachel , Green Rosemary , Haines Andrew
Published: May 2021

Background: It is crucial to understand the benefits to human health from decarbonisation to galvanise action among decision makers. Most of our existing evidence comes from modelling studies and little is known about the extent to which the health co-benefits of climate change mitigation actions are realised upon implementation. We aim to analyse evidence from mitigation actions that have been implemented across a range of sectors and scales, to identify those that can improve and sustain health, while accelerating progress towards a zero-carbon economy.

Objectives: To understand the implementation process of actions and the role of key actors; explain the contextual elements influencing these actions; summarise what effects, both positive and negative, planned and unplanned they may have on emissions of greenhouse gases and health; and to summarise environmental, social, or economic co-benefits.

Data: We will review evidence collected through partnership with existing data holders and an open call for evidence. We will also conduct a hand search of reference lists from systematic reviews and websites of organisations relevant to climate change mitigation.

Screening: Screening will be done by two reviewers according to a pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Analysis: We will identify gaps where implementation or evaluation of implementation of mitigation actions is lacking. We will synthesise the findings to describe how actions were implemented and how they achieved results in different contexts, identifying potential barriers and facilitators to their design, implementation, and uptake. We will also synthesise their effect on health outcomes and other co-benefits. Quantitative synthesis will depend on the heterogeneity of outcomes and metrics.

Conclusions: Findings will be used to identify lessons that can be learned from successful and unsuccessful mitigation actions, to make inferences on replicability, scalability, and transferability and will contribute to the development of frameworks that can be used by policy makers.
Importation, circulation, and emergence of variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the South Indian state of Karnataka
Authors: Pattabiraman Chitra , Prasad Pramada , George Anson K. , Sreenivas Darshan , Rasheed Risha , Reddy Nakka Vijay Kiran , Desai Anita , Vasanthapuram Ravi
Published: May 2021

Background:As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, the selection of genomic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated with higher transmission, more severe disease, re-infection, and immune escape are a cause for concern. Such variants have been reported from the UK (B.1.1.7), South Africa (B.1.351) and, Brazil (P.1/B.1.1.28). We performed this study to track the importation, spread, and emergence of variants locally.

Methods:We sequenced whole genomes of SARS-CoV-2 from international travellers (n=75) entering Karnataka, South India, between Dec 22, 2020 and Jan 31, 2021, and from positive cases in the city of Bengaluru (n=108), between Nov 22, 2020- Jan 22, 2021, as well as a local outbreak. We present the lineage distribution and analysis of these sequences.

Results:Genomes from the study group into 34 lineages. Variant B.1.1.7 was introduced by international travel (24/73, 32.9%). Lineage B.1.36 and B.1 formed a major fraction of both imported (B.136: 20/73, 27.4%; B.1: 14/73, 19.2%), and circulating viruses (B.1.36: 45/103; 43.7%, B.1: 26/103; 25.2%). The lineage B.1.36 was also associated with a local outbreak. We detected nine amino acid changes, previously associated with immune escape, spread across multiple lineages. The N440K change was detected in 45/162 (27.7%) of the sequences.

Conclusions:Our data support the idea that variants of concern spread by travel. Viruses with amino acid replacements associated with immune escape are already circulating. It is critical to check transmission and monitor changes in SARS-CoV-2 locally.
Cláusulas absolutas y construcciones afines en español: la correferencia y la presencia/ausencia del sujeto como rasgos distintivos
Authors: Eloundou Eloundou Girex
Published: May 2021

The questions of the coreference of the NP-subject with an element of the main sentence and that of its presence or absence are some of the most debated in grammars as far as the absolute clauses are concerned. The objective pursued in this work is to demonstrate that these syntactic features (coreference and presence / absence) of the subject make it possible to distinguish absolute clauses from related structures such as concerted constructions, incidental adjectives, semiabsolute and pseudo-absolute clauses. In the analysis, we base ourselves on a descriptive perspective with a traditional terminology, and sometimes we resort to the corresponding Latin structures to highlight the formal and structural differences induced by the coreference and the presence / absence of the subject in these constructions
Vitamin D levels and risk of COVID-19 infection: A systematic review
Authors: Coelho-Oliveira Ana C. , Monteiro-Oliveira Bruno B. , Cavalcante Rebeca B. M. , Santos Daniel B. , Sonza Anelise , Sá-Caputo Danúbia C. de , Bernardo-Filho Mario
Published: May 2021

Objective: Consistent independent associations between lowserum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and susceptibilityto acute respiratory tract infections have suggested apossible involvement of vitamin D in reducing the risk ofrespiratory infections and proposing its replacement as apotential strategy for prevention or treatment in this context.However, the role of vitamin D supplementation in theinfection by the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 isstill under investigation and no clinical evidence has beenreported to date. Methods: Electronic searches in Pubmed,Embase and Scopus databases were conducted and threecohort studies that analyzed the effects of interaction ofvitamin D with COVID-19, published only in English, wereincluded. Two reviewers, which independently examinedtitles and abstracts, identified records through database searchand reference screening and irrelevant studies were excludedbased in eligibility criteria. Relevant full texts were analyzedfor eligibility, and all relevant studies were included in thesystematic review. Results: Three cohort studies were includedin this systematic review with a mean methodologicalquality low. Only one study demonstrated interaction of lowvitamin D concentration in patients with a positive diagnosisfor COVID-19. Randomized clinical trials and studies of goodmethodological quality are necessary to confirm the findingsof this systematic review. Conclusions: This systematic reviewhas not demonstrated consistent associations between lowlevels of vitamin D and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection.Further studies on vitamin D supplementation for the preventionof COVID-19 infection should be conducted..
Legal and biological safety of legal reprocessing of medicalhospital materials
Authors: Pinto Paula Z. P. F. , Massini Nelson
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Procedures using disposable materials in thehealth area began to be performed, for example in cardiaccatheterization, which has a high prevalence of morbidity andmortality. Objective: To justify and reaffirm the reuse of single-use catheters in surgeries, as it is justified by the economicbenefit gained from replacing the purchase of new materialsby reusing them. Materials and methods: A bibliographic anddocumentary narrative review was carried out using LILACSand NCBI as database, with previously defined filters andselection criteria. Resultados: Decontamination, disinfection,conditioning, sterilization, and quality control tests are criticalstages and, therefore, require training. Each of these stages alsohas characteristic risks, which must be minimized. In order toensure the quality of the catheter reuse process, after the cleaningand sterilization process, techniques beyond microscopicand visual evaluation of the device are required. A diversityof techniques is addressed so that the quality of the process isassured. Although legislation and supervision are divergentaround the world, many countries choose to adopt reprocessingwith economic justification in most cases. The reuse ofhospital devices involves several physico-chemical processes,which must be performed with quality and safety. Conclusion:The need for greater rigor in the norms and guidelines thataddress this practice is clear and urgent, as well as the greaterintensity and rigidity of the responsible inspection agencies.The use of luminol as an indicator of organic contaminantsmay generate a false positive result. Therefore, 3M™ Clean-Trace ™ is the best instrument found in the world market toensure that the material that has been reused is free of organicwaste, and thus fit for use in hospitals.
Driving Benefits of Virtual Reality in Cerebral Palsy: a narrative review
Authors: De Oliveira Rebeca C. L. , Cardoso Priscila S. , Almeida Ingridi M. B. , Da Silva Francisco J. S. , Melo-Figueiredo Leissa Da S. , De Oliveira Bruno B. M. , De Sá-Caputo Danúbia Da C. , Paineiras-Domingos Laisa L.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Chronic childhood encephalopathy (CCE),still called cerebral palsy worldwide, is defined as a set ofmotor disorders caused by non-progressive disorders of thecentral nervous system, resulting in changes in muscle toneand posture. These changes are established in the pre, peri orpostnatal period and numerous physical therapy modalitieshave been suggested for the management of these changes.Virtual reality (VR) has been used as an innovative therapeutictool, with a motor approach that involves the individualand a computerized interaction field, with the simulationof exercises capable of stimulating movements in real time,motivation and sensory feedback. Objective: To evaluate the motor benefits of VR as a therapeutic modality in childrenwith CCE. Materials and methods: A narrative review was carried out, with articles found in the Bireme database (BVS)and in the virtual library Scientific Eletronic Library Online(SciELO). The descriptors used were: physiotherapy, virtualreality, children and CCE. Results: Only five articles wereselected. Conclusion: The articles consulted suggest that theuse of VR influences the improvement mainly of the child’sbalance, helping kinesiotherapeutic treatment. However,with a small number of publications focused on the pediatricphysiotherapeutic approach through VR, further studies areneeded for better scientific proof of this tool.
Editorial
Authors: Mattos Amana , Souza Alice De Marchi Pereira de , Jacó Vilela Ana Maria , Mendonça Anderson Pereira , Mendes Deise Maria Leal Fernandes , Ponciano Edna Lúcia Tinoco , Degani-Carneiro Filipe , Ribeiro Heloisa Fernandes Caldas , Hernández Jimena De Garay , Quadros Laura Cristina de Toledo , Tura Luiz Fernando , Brunhari Marcos Vinicius , Quitério Patrícia Lorena , Rapizo Rosana Lazaro , Gomes Vitor Castro
Published: May 2021

Alice De Marchi Pereira de Souza, Amana Mattos, Ana Maria Jacó Vilela, Anderson Pereira Mendonça, Deise Maria Leal Fernandes Mendes, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Filipe Degani-Carneiro, Heloisa Fernandes Caldas Ribeiro, Jimena de Garay Hernández, Laura Cristina de Toledo Quadros, Luiz Fernando Tura, Marcos Vinicius Brunhari, Patrícia Lorena Quitério, Rosana Lazaro Rapizo, Vitor Castro Gomes
Atuação do Psicólogo com Adolescentes que Cumprem Medida Socioeducativa: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Almeida Sara Peres Dornelles , Marinho Juliana Da Rosa , Zappe Jana Gonçalves
Published: May 2021

Esta revisão sistemática de literatura teve por objetivo identificar publicações científicas acerca da atuação do psicólogo no contexto da socioeducação, compreendendo o período de 2007 até 2018. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, PEPSIC e SCIELO, utilizando-se os descritores "psicologia" ou "intervenção" combinados com "adolescente em conflito com a lei", "ato infracional" ou "medida socioeducativa". 242 trabalhos foram acessados, cujos resumos foram lidos para identificar aqueles que abordavam o assunto, restando 22 artigos para análise. Através da análise de conteúdo temática desses materiais, foram criadas quatro categorias: 1) Técnicas da psicologia aplicadas às demandas da socioeducação; 2) A escuta como principal ferramenta de atuação; 3) Intervenção em grupo e 4) Arte e Esporte como dimensões de interesse para a psicologia. Diante dos dados analisados, compreende-se que a atuação do psicólogo deve, essencialmente, contribuir para a construção de novas possibilidades de vida aos adolescentes, respeitando suas singularidades e compreendendo as peculiaridades de suas histórias de vida. Observou-se que a existência de barreiras para o desenvolvimento de práticas socioeducativas eficazes convoca o psicólogo a ampliar o repertório de práticas tradicionalmente consolidadas, sendo necessário criar dispositivos de intervenção que façam sentido para esses jovens, considerando seus contextos e histórias de vida.
Mediação Parental na Exposição às Redes Sociais e a Internet de Crianças e Adolescentes
Authors: Schwartz Fernanda Tabasnik , Pacheco Janaína Thais Barbosa
Published: May 2021

A exposição às redes sociais e a internet tem crescido de forma significativa, sendo cada vez mais frequente em crianças e adolescentes para diversas finalidades, representando um desafio para a parentalidade. As estratégias que os pais utilizam para lidar com esse comportamento podem se constituir em fatores de risco ou de proteção. Considerando os desafios comumente enfrentados pelos pais a fim de monitorar os filhos e protegê-los de determinados riscos relacionados à exposição às novas tecnologias, este artigo teórico objetivou descrever e discutir o uso das redes sociais e da internet na infância e na adolescência, assim como o impacto deste na parentalidade. A partir da revisão realizada, observou-se que os estudos sobre o tema indicam a importância da mediação e do monitoramento parental sobre a exposição de crianças e adolescentes às redes sociais e internet, resultando em um fator de proteção ao desenvolvimento. Além disso, observou-se que pais e filhos podem divergir com relação à percepção do controle parental exercido.
Atuação da Psicologia Escolar em Universidade: Diálogos com a Psicologia Comunitária
Authors: Libâneo Lígia Carvalho , Pulino Lúcia Helena Cavasin Zabotto
Published: May 2021

Esse estudo teórico busca tecer um diálogo entre aspectos históricos e teórico-metodológicos da psicologia escolar e da psicologia comunitária latino-americana, que acreditamos contribuírem na construção de uma práxis transformadora da psicologia escolar na e com a comunidade universitária. Por meio de um resgate histórico das concepções e práticas da psicologia escolar e da psicologia comunitária latino-americana, tecemos críticas às práticas individualizantes e adaptacionistas da psicologia, refletimos sobre a ação profissional comprometida com a transformação das situações de opressão e de desigualdade social e ressaltamos a importante influência dos movimentos sociais e da educação popular de Paulo Freire na concepção de educação emancipadora. Também discutimos as metodologias inventivas e participativas do psicólogo ligado às práticas de aprofundamento da consciência dos sujeitos da comunidade em relação ao seu modo de vida, bem como a imbricada relação entre transformação social, encontro e afeto. Outras possibilidades de encontro que destacamos são o reconhecimento das potências humanas, a busca pela constituição de uma sociabilidade contra-hegemônica e a participação de todos nesse modus de ser e fazer psicologia escolar atrelando teoria, prática e transformação social.
Psicanálise e Acompanhamento Terapêutico: Quando a Cidade se Torna o Setting Analítico da Psicose
Authors: Morais Mariana Vieira , Kyrillos Neto Fuad
Published: May 2021

O Acompanhamento Terapêutico (AT) nasce no contexto da Reforma Psiquiátrica e, embora não figure na legislação como uma política pública oficial, integra-se a diversos serviços voltados para a saúde mental. O AT, que traz como característica dominante o deslocamento físico em espaços públicos e o setting móvel, vem ganhando cada vez mais protagonismo nos serviços que estão se constituindo no processo reformista brasileiro. Partindo de uma fundamentação psicanalítica a respeito da psicose, discutimos um aspecto que nem sempre vem em primeiro lugar nas teorizações produzidas a respeito do AT: sua dimensão clínica. Para isso, valemo-nos do método da psicanálise aplicada, pois este permite o estudo psicanalítico de fenômenos sociais, que estão além do setting clínico tradicional. Concluímos que o AT é um espaço para fazer a escuta subjetiva tão necessária à psicose, sem deixar de lado os aspectos políticos e sociais atrelados à loucura.
Inglês à mão: prática online de língua inglesa em tempos de distanciamento social
Authors: Muriana Marina Borges , Costa Solange Lopes Vinagre
Published: May 2021

A pandemia do Covid-19 acentuou a urgência, já observada no contexto escolar presencial, do desenvolvimento de atividades e práticas docentes que possam abarcar estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem profícuas para um ambiente educacional exclusivamente virtual.  Evidenciou também a importância de que as práticas de ensino reflitam as necessidades da contemporaneidade para a construção de um conhecimento in vivo (NICOLESCU, 2013), que é fluido, adaptável, em movimento. Trouxe, ainda, a necessidade de tratarmos aspectos da vida muitas vezes apartados do ambiente educacional, como a incerteza e a imprevisibilidade (MORIN, 2015). Nesse contexto, desenvolvemos a pesquisa apresentada neste artigo, a qual interpretamos a partir da abordagem metodológica hermenêutico-fenomenológica complexa (FREIRE, 2017). Articulando elementos da aprendizagem móvel (SACCOL et al., 2011) aos construtos da complexidade (MORIN, 2015) e da transdisciplinaridade (NICOLESCU, 2013), foi desenvolvida a situação de ensino-aprendizagem de inglês objeto desta pesquisa. Realizada no ambiente virtual do WhatsApp, contou com a participação de sete alunos adultos com níveis de proficiência diferentes durante duas semanas.
O ensino e a reforma provincial de 1845: a Instrução Pública na província do Piauí (1834-1852)
Authors: Sousa Neto Marcelo de
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo discute a Instrução Pública na Província do Piauí e sua expansão, adotando como recorte temporal o período entre os anos de 1834, com o Ato Adicional à Constituição, que pôs fim ao modelo educacional implantado com as Aulas Régias, e 1852, com a transferência da capital da Província de Oeiras para Teresina, recorte em que se assistiu a tentativas limitadas de institucionalização de uma educação pública durante a Regência e primeiros anos do Segundo Império. Metodologicamente, trata-se de pesquisa histórica de base bibliográfica que, além da literatura existente sobre o tema e a legislação vigente no período, apoiou-se na documentação pertencente ao Arquivo Público do Estado do Piauí – APEPI, sobremaneira, a documentação expedida pela Presidência da Província e pela Assembleia Provincial, o que permitiu a construção de um diálogo que possibilitou novos olhares a respeito da história da educação no período, bem como a reflexão sobre outras dimensões do tecido social local. De maneira geral, com a pesquisa, verificou-se uma lenta expansão da Instrução Pública, como consequência do pequeno interesse dos poderes públicos em seu desenvolvimento, resultando em limitados investimentos, aliado a um modelo produtivo que pouco demandava do saber formal em suas práticas cotidianas.
“Esse negócio de padrão é muito retrógrado”: o corpo como superfície de inúmeras interpretações
Authors: Lopes Julia Da Fonseca , Beck Dinah Quesada
Published: May 2021

À luz dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos de Gênero, ambos em suas vertentes pós-estruturalistas de análise, este artigo reúne alguns dados de pesquisa com os quais buscamos dialogar no intuito de identificar quais representações estão sendo construídas sobre corpo e gênero em relação às práticas de sociabilidade virtual na mídia social Instagram. Metodologicamente, caracteriza-se como um estudo etnográfico virtual, no qual realizou-se um grupo focal online no WhatsApp com 17 mulheres usuárias do Instagram. Das análises, foi possível identificar que o Instagram tem se tornado um espaço no qual são investidas, de diferentes formas, estratégias que nos convocam ao consumo e à fabricação de nossos corpos e aparências.
Inclusão em educação: desafios do público-alvo da educação especial na educação profissional
Authors: Siqueira Maria Leilza Pires , Andrade Patrícia Ferreira de , Damasceno Allan Rocha
Published: May 2021

Essa pesquisa objetivou caracterizar as concepções e ações político-pedagógicas sobre a inclusão em educação do público-alvo da educação especial na educação profissional técnica do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Roraima (IFRR) - Campus Boa Vista (CBV). Assim, essa pesquisa teve como investigação central analisar as políticas públicas de inclusão em educação, buscando compreender os desafios à escolarização profissional desse público pertencente à educação profissional. Esse estudo fundamentou-se na Teoria Crítica da educação com ênfase ao pensamento de Theodor Adorno. Quanto aos instrumentos e procedimentos metodológicos de pesquisa, realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com os sujeitos participantes do estudo e também aplicamos questionário de caracterização com esses participantes da pesquisa. Foram entrevistados sete gestores que contribuíram com a pesquisa na identificação das concepções e ações político-pedagógicas/inclusivas. Constatou-se que há iniciativas no Campus de ações inclusivas, porém a pesquisa revelou barreiras que obstaculizam a implementação da educação especial na perspectiva inclusiva.
Sentidos da/para a formação de professoras coordenadoras: lições da experiência
Authors: Cunha Renata Cristina Oliveira Barrichelo , Pinto Keila Santos
Published: May 2021

promovido pela Secretaria Municipal da Educação de um município paulista. A pesquisa teve como objetivos compreender os sentidos atribuídos a essa formação e os modos de estar na escola como professoras coordenadoras. Os dados de análise são compostos de cartas endereçadas às formadoras apontando os sentimentos, expectativas e necessidades formativas. As análises, orientadas pelo paradigma indiciário, evidenciaram que a formação foi compreendida como um momento de interrupção da rotina e possibilidade de deslocamento do olhar e, consequentemente, atribuição de sentido para o trabalho. Estar entre os colegas compartilhando ideias e sentimentos contribuiu com o sentimento de pertencimento no grupo e valorização da função.
Metodologias criativas no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem na educação básica
Authors: Dos Santos Bettina Steren
Published: May 2021

Durante muito tempo, a intenção da educação escolar esteve fortemente vinculada com a reprodução de modelos de mundo existentes. Com o surgimento das tecnologias da informação e comunicação, as mudanças culturais e sociais ficaram mais evidentes, exigindo das instituições de ensino mais mobilização para repensar sua postura diante das necessidades contemporâneas. O objetivo desse artigo é compreender a aplicabilidade das metodologias criativas através do Design Thinking, nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem na educação escolar básica. O estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, com suporte da técnica de observação participativa, baseia-se em relatos de uma experiência de que envolveu estudantes, professores, pais e gestores de uma escola privada do Rio Grande do Sul-Brasil em seis oficinas de Design Thinking. Os resultados apontam para o desenvolvimento da colaboração e criatividade entre os participantes e o planejamento de novas ações para qualificar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem e as relações entre as pessoas que fazem parte do ambiente escolar.
Práticas de ensino em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19: é possível a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência?
Authors: Schwamberger Cintia , Junio da Silva Santos Fabio
Published: May 2021

A pandemia de Covid-19 alterou os cenários da vida social local e global, afetando principalmente os processos de escolarização no sul global, destacando suas desigualdades estruturais. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar as práticas de ensino das redes públicas de ensino fundamental e médio localizadas nas periferias da cidade de São Paulo e das redes da Região Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, voltadas especificamente para educação de pessoas com deficiência, para argumentar que elas têm requerido soluções que vão além da escolarização. Na primeira seção, analisamos como o direito à educação é garantido neste momento e, a seguir, discutimos como as lógicas de governo setorizam e homogeneízam o grupo de pessoas com deficiência, resultando em práticas excludentes e sem acesso ao currículo. Por fim, propomos novas questões para discutir as formas como as práticas de ensino são desenvolvidas.
Acute urinary retention: patient investigations and treatments
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: May 2021

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is the sudden inability to pass urine. AUR is more common in men and older men are at highest risk. The most common causes are obstructive in nature—prostatic hyperplasia is responsible for more than half the cases of AUR in men. AUR can also be caused by infection, inflammation, and by iatrogenic and neurological problems. This article outlines how AUR is diagnosed and treated.
Oral Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): An Overview
Authors: Samaranayake Lakshman , Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia , Bandara Nihal
Published: May 2021

The grim milestone of three million deaths due to the global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reached a few weeks ago. COVID-19 is a multi-system all-pervasive disease with protean manifestations, and its major signs and symptoms, such as the incessant dry cough, fever, and pneumonia, are well known. Yet, its mucocutaneous manifestations, particularly those of the oral cavity, appear to be little recognized. This may be due either to the rarity of oral manifestations of COVID-19, or poor detection of such symptoms by attending physicians who may do only a cursory examination of the oral mucosa because of the overwhelming gravity of the other major systemic presentations. Nevertheless, there are now a considerable number of reports, including systematic reviews, on oral manifestations of COVID-19 in the literature. These, apart from the now well-known dysgeusia of COVID-19, range from ulcers, erosions, bullae, vesicles, mucosal pustules, macules, papules and pigmentations, as well as haemorrhagic manifestations including petechiae, crusts and spontaneous bleeding. Unfortunately, the majority of these reports are anecdotal in nature and remain to be substantiated. Here, we provide a brief overview of the reported oral manifestations of COVID-19, and their management protocols.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To raise awareness of the currently reported major and minor oral manifestations of COVID-19 and their management protocols.
Technique Tips: Practical alternatives to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Formulations for Root-end Plug Procedures
Authors: Pai Sandeep
Published: May 2021

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To discuss alternatives to MTA formulations for root-end plugs.
Indicador estadual de ciência e tecnologia: uso da propriedade intelectual como uma proxy para inovação tecnológica
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno , De Santana José Ricardo
Published: May 2021

O objetivo central deste artigo é propor a construção de um indicador estadual de Ciência e Tecnologia (C&T), que permita analisar a dinâmica regional da infraestrutura de C&T no período de 2000 a 2017. Foram utilizadas 10 variáveis para cada um dos 27 estados, buscando captar a capacidade de esforço dos setores público e privado em construir uma infraestrutura científica e tecnológica estadual capaz de gerar inovação. Para a construção do indicador, foi utilizada a técnica de estatística multivariada Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP). A partir dos resultados encontrados, foi possível identificar dois estágios distintos de desenvolvimento dos estados quanto a suas capacidades de gerarem e assimilarem inovação tecnológica. Isso mostra que a concentração regional e inter-regional ainda é muito acentuada, apresentando elevados níveis de assimetria entre os estados e regiões.
Inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar for microalgae classification and quantification
Authors: Chen Xiang , Jiang Yiming , Yao Quankai , Ji Jiali , Evans Julian , He Sailing
Published: May 2021

An inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar system was developed for microalgae classification and quantification. The correction for the refraction at the air–glass–water interface was established, making our system suitable for aquatic environments. The fluorescence spectrum of microalgae was extracted by principal component analysis, and seven species of microalgae from different phyla have been classified. It was verified that when the cell density of Phaeocystis globosa was in the range of

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, the cell density had a linear relationship with the fluorescence intensity. The experimental results show our system can identify and quantify microalgae, with application prospects for microalgae monitoring in the field environment and early warning of red tides or algal blooms.
Generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species is controlled by ATPase inhibitory factor 1 and regulates cognition
Authors: Esparza-Moltó Pau B. , Romero-Carramiñana Inés , Núñez de Arenas Cristina , Pereira Marta P. , Blanco Noelia , Pardo Beatriz , Bates Georgina R. , Sánchez-Castillo Carla , Artuch Rafael , Murphy Michael P. , Esteban José A. , Cuezva José M.
Published: May 2021

The mitochondrial ATP synthase emerges as key hub of cellular functions controlling the production of ATP, cellular signaling, and fate. It is regulated by the ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), which is highly abundant in neurons. Herein, we ablated or overexpressed IF1 in mouse neurons to show that IF1 dose defines the fraction of active/inactive enzyme in vivo, thereby controlling mitochondrial function and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses indicate that IF1 dose regulates mitochondrial metabolism, synaptic function, and cognition. Ablation of IF1 impairs memory, whereas synaptic transmission and learning are enhanced by IF1 overexpression. Mechanistically, quenching the IF1-mediated increase in mtROS production in mice overexpressing IF1 reduces the increased synaptic transmission and obliterates the learning advantage afforded by the higher IF1 content. Overall, IF1 plays a key role in neuronal function by regulating the fraction of ATP synthase responsible for mitohormetic mtROS signaling.
Secondary indoor air pollution and passive smoking associated with cannabis smoking using electric cigarette device–demonstrative in silico study
Authors: Kuga Kazuki , Ito Kazuhide , Chen Wenhao , Wang Ping , Fowles Jeff , Kumagai Kazukiyo
Published: May 2021

With electronic (e)-liquids containing cannabis components easily available, many anecdotal examples of cannabis vaping using electronic cigarette devices have been reported. For electronic cigarette cannabis vaping, there are potential risks of secondary indoor air pollution from vapers. However, quantitative and accurate prediction of the inhalation and dermal exposure of a passive smoker in the same room is difficult to achieve due to the ethical constraints on subject experiments. The numerical method, i.e., in silico method, is a powerful tool to complement these experiments with real humans. In this study, we adopted a computer-simulated person that has been validated from multiple perspectives for prediction accuracy. We then conducted an in silico study to elucidate secondary indoor air pollution and passive smoking associated with cannabis vaping using an electronic cigarette device in an indoor environment. The aerosols exhaled by a cannabis vaper were confirmed to be a secondary emission source in an indoor environment; non-smokers were exposed to these aerosols via respiratory and dermal pathways. Tetrahydrocannabinol was used as a model chemical compound for the exposure study. Its uptake by the non-smoker through inhalation and dermal exposure under a worst-case scenario was estimated to be 5.9% and 2.6% of the exhaled quantity from an e-cigarette cannabis user, respectively.
Effectiveness of vector control methods for the control of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis: A meta-review
Authors: Montenegro Quiñonez Carlos Alberto , Runge-Ranzinger Silvia , Rahman Kazi Mizanur , Horstick Olaf
Published: May 2021

Elimination of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Southeast Asia and global control of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and VL are priorities of the World Health Organization (WHO). But is the existing evidence good enough for public health recommendations? This meta-review summarises the available and new evidence for vector control with the aims of establishing what is known about the value of vector control for the control of CL and VL, establishing gaps in knowledge, and particularly focusing on key recommendations for further scientific work. This meta-review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, including (1) systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) for (2) vector control methods and strategies and (3) for the control of CL and/or VL. Nine SRs/MAs were included, with different research questions and inclusion/exclusion criteria. The methods analysed for vector control can be broadly classified into (1) indoor residual spraying (IRS); (2) insecticide-treated nets (ITNs; including insecticide-impregnated bednets); (3) insecticide-treated curtains (ITCs; including insecticide-treated house screening); (4) insecticide-treated bedsheets (ITSs) and insecticide-treated fabrics (ITFs; including insecticide-treated clothing) and (5) durable wall lining (treated with insecticides) and other environmental measures to protect the house; (6) control of the reservoir host; and (7) strengthening vector control operations through health education. The existing SRs/MAs include a large variation of different primary studies, even for the same specific research sub-question. Also, the SRs/MAs are outdated, using available information until earlier than 2018 only. Assessing the quality of the SRs/MAs, there is a considerable degree of variation. It is therefore very difficult to summarise the results of the available SRs/MAs, with contradictory results for both vector indices and—if available—human transmission data. Conclusions of this meta-review are that (1) existing SRs/MAs and their results make policy recommendations for evidence-based vector control difficult; (2) further work is needed to establish efficacy and community effectiveness of key vector control methods with specific SRs and MAs (3) including vector and human transmission parameters; and (4) attempting to conclude with recommendations in different transmission scenarios.
Context-dependent roles of B cells during intestinal helminth infection
Authors: Zaini Aidil , Good-Jacobson Kim L. , Zaph Colby
Published: May 2021

The current approaches to reduce the burden of chronic helminth infections in endemic areas are adequate sanitation and periodic administration of deworming drugs. Yet, resistance against some deworming drugs and reinfection can still rapidly occur even after treatment. A vaccine against helminths would be an effective solution at preventing reinfection. However, vaccines against helminth parasites have yet to be successfully developed. While T helper cells and innate lymphoid cells have been established as important components of the protective type 2 response, the roles of B cells and antibodies remain the most controversial. Here, we review the roles of B cells during intestinal helminth infection. We discuss the potential factors that contribute to the context-specific roles for B cells in protection against diverse intestinal helminth parasite species, using evidence from well-defined murine model systems. Understanding the precise roles of B cells during resistance and susceptibility to helminth infection may offer a new perspective of type 2 protective immunity.