bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desempenho agronômico da cultura de arroz Oryza sativa sob irrigação com aplicação de MPC, microrganismos promotores de crescimento e hormônios vegetais na área de Babahoyo / Agronomic performance of Oryza sativa rice crop under irrigation with the application of MPC, growth-promoting microorganisms and plant hormones in the Babahoyo area
Authors: Parrales Yary Ruiz , Cabezas Víctor Goyes , Alvarado Dario Dueñas , Castro Oscar Mora , Sánchez Álvaro García
Published: April 2022

Os usos de bactérias promotoras de crescimento vegetal representam um importante papel sustentável em agroecossistemas, onde sua inoculação auxilia na melhoria da implantação, desenvolvimento e produção de culturas como o arroz; Da mesma forma, as plantas precisam de hormônios vegetais para atingir seu crescimento e desenvolvimento essenciais, em pequenas quantidades que são transportadas de seu local de origem para outras partes da planta. Este trabalho foi realizado nas dependências da fazenda experimental da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Técnica de Babahoyo, localizada no Km. 7,5 da estrada Babahoyo-Montalvo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento agronômico do cultivo de arroz, sob irrigação, com base na aplicação de microrganismos promotores de crescimento (BPF) e hormônios vegetais na área de Babahoyo. Para isso, foram estabelecidos dezesseis tratamentos e três repetições, utilizando sementes certificadas da variedade de arroz INIAP-16. O delineamento experimental de Blocos Completamente Aleatórios foi aplicado em um arranjo fatorial A (biofertilizantes) x B (fitohormônios) incluindo uma testemunha. As comparações médias foram feitas com o teste de múltiplos intervalos de Tukey a 95% de probabilidade. Todas as tarefas agrícolas necessárias foram realizadas no cultivo do arroz para seu desenvolvimento normal, tais como: preparo da terra, análise do solo, semeadura, controle de plantas daninhas, adubação, irrigação e colheita. Para estimar corretamente os efeitos dos tratamentos, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: altura da planta, número de perfilhos por metro quadrado, número de panículas por metro quadrado, número de grãos por panícula, peso de mil grãos e rendimento por hectare. Através dos resultados obtidos, determinou-se que o uso de microrganismos promotores de crescimento (MPC) em combinação com hormônios vegetais em diferentes doses, teve alta incidência na produtividade da cultura do arroz. A maior produtividade da cultura com a variedade INIAP-16 foi alcançada com a aplicação de Phytofos com Auxina + Brassino + Citocinina com rendimento de 8.888,9 Kg/ha.
Calidad del suelo en los diferentes usos y manejos aplicando la microflora (bacterias, hongos y actinomicetos) como indicador biológico / Quality of the soil in the different uses and managements applying the microflora (bacterias, fungus and actinomyces) as a biological indicator
Authors: Morquillas Laura Adriana Noguera , Acosta Orlando Ortiz
Published: April 2022

La calidad del suelo está influenciada por los procesos microbianos que en él ocurren. En la presente investigación se evaluó la calidad del suelo en los diferentes manejos aplicando a la microflora como indicador biológico. Se realizaron muestreos al azar en cinco parcelas con diferentes usos y manejos, en el campo experimental Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad Nacional del Este, Distrito de Minga Guazú. El nivel de estudio utilizado fue descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo. Las variables evaluadas fueron; Géneros de la microflora, cantidad de colonias de la microflora, materia orgánica, pH y calidad de suelo. Los resultados muestran: a los géneros de microflora; Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Trichoderma, Aspergillus y Streptomyces con predominio en todas parcelas de estudio. La mayor cantidad de colonias de microrganismos (bacterias, hongos y actinomices) presento la parcela Bosque Natural (A). El contenido de materia orgánica (MO) y pH mostraron diferencias altamente significativas entre las parcelas (0,0001), presentando mayor contenido de MO la parcela Bosque Natural (A) con un promedio de 4,86%; la parcela Bosque Natural (A), parcela con Pastura (D) y el Cultivo Semi-Perene (E), obtuvieron un pH moderadamente acido con un promedio de 5.83. Las parcelas Bosque Natural (A), Sistema de Integración Agrícola Pecuaria (C), Pastura (D) y Cultivo Semi-Perenne (E) presentan una buena calidad de suelo, según los rangos de valores normales de microorganismos observados en el suelo no así la Parcela Agrícola Sistema Mecanizado (B).
Necesidad de la enseñanza de la nematologia agrícola en América Latina / The need for the teaching of agricultural nematology in Latin America
Authors: Vera Ignacio Cid del Prado
Published: April 2022

Los nematodos parásitos de plantas causan severos daños a los cultivos, con pérdidas económicas muy importantes y la calidad y cantidad de los productos cosechables se reducen significativamente. Muchos países de América Latina no cuentan con suficientes y bien preparados Nematologos, que estudien los nematodos parásitos de plantas en las diversas áreas geográficas, donde se cultivan hortalizas, frutales, pastos forrajeros, forestales etc. por lo que los agricultores y la industria, tienen severas perdidas económicas, sumándose a estas se suma, el costo de los productos químicos que se aplican, lo que reduce el beneficio para los agricultores. Esta situación es muy delicada en América latina, por la carencia de profesionistas Nematologos bien preparados para la enseñanza, la investigación, y extensión agrícola. En esta publicación se presenta la información que cualquier curso profesional debe tener, incluyendo la Nematologia, como es el contar con un Programa Analico teórico y práctico, donde los estudiantes se informan del contenido del curso, forma de evaluación y la literatura electrónica e impresa, donde los estudiantes pueden ampliar la información que se da en cada tema y convertirse en un curso básico de Fitopatología y muy importante en su carretera profesional.
Selección mediante criterios locales de árboles maderables para sombrear cafetales en la sierra nororiental de Puebla, México / Selection by local criteria of timber trees to coffee cultivation shading in the north-eastern mountains of Puebla, México
Authors: Olguin Juan Quintanar , Jimenez Genaro Pérez , Ruíz Antonio Martínez , Durán Refugio Roa
Published: April 2022

El café es un cultivo que requiere de poca luz y un ambiente fresco para su crecimiento, floración y fructificación. Siendo el sombreado, una opción apropiada para generar estas condiciones y los árboles, quienes mejor cumplen esta función. La inclusión de árboles maderables, además del sombreado del café, pretende generar ingresos adicionales al productor por la venta de madera de mayor calidad. Al existir una gran diversidad de criterios utilizados para seleccionar árboles para sombra, fue necesario determinar los atributos que un árbol debe poseer a nivel local, para ser utilizado como sombra del cultivo del café y generar un sistema que estandarice su uso, en la zona cafetalera de la Sierra Nororiental de Puebla. Se definieron 25 atributos y fueron aplicados para determinar el índice de importancia de atributo (IA) y realizar la selección de árboles para ser utilizados como sombra.  Los criterios que mayor valor tienen para los productores, en la selección de árboles para sombra, son: alto aporte de materia orgánica, hojarasca y control de maleza, raíces profundas y fuertes (no extendidas) y copa abierta o ligera.
Prevalencia de los saberes tradicionales en las unidades de producción de café de la región Huatusco, Veracruz, México / Prevalência do conhecimento tradicional nas unidades de produção de café da região de Huatusco, Veracruz, México
Authors: Martínez-López Anabel , Cruz-León Artemio , Sangerman-Jarquín Dora Ma. , Cárdenas Salvador Díaz , Herrera Joel Cervantes , Ramírez-Valverde Benito
Published: April 2022

Para los campesinos productores de café, el cultivo significa una fuente de ingresos, pero también constituye una opción productiva, cuyo valor está en la diversificación de las especies dentro del cafetal y la prevalencia de los saberes agrícolas en el manejo; sin embargo se han estado perdiendo debido a las influencias culturales occidentales e internacionales que se originan en la globalización de la economía del libre mercado, que dominan e incluso reemplazan las visiones tradicionales y locales, las costumbres y los productos, especialmente en el dominio económico. Se parte de un diagnóstico de la unidad de producción y de la parcela de café en la región de Huatusco, Veracruz, para retomar y visibilizar el conocimiento tradicional que prevalece a nivel local y regional entre las familias cafetaleras, con el fin de impulsar la revalorización de los saberes y prácticas locales, que en el cultivo del café pueden significar unidades de producción más sostenibles.
As novas faces do desenvolvimento rural no Brasil: tecendo uma revisão da literatura / The new faces of rural development in Brazil: making a literature review
Authors: Graça Raissa Lisboa , Lages André Maia Gomes , Barbosa Luciano Celso Brandão Guerreiro
Published: April 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo geral traçar as novas facetas do desenvolvimento rural, destacando novos elementos conceituais que passam a ganhar corpo. Trata-se de um estudo de cunho bibliográfico (cujas informações foram extraídas em artigos publicados em periódicos e eventos científicos em sítios eletrônicos, livros físicos e virtuais, monografias, teses, dissertações e sítios eletrônicos da internet que discorrem considerações a respeito do tema em discussão). Assim, são tratados de forma sumária as noções de desenvolvimento sustentável, pluriatividade, multifuncionalidade, produção orgânica e agroecologia, como novos temas que passam a dominar grande parte dos estudos ná área de desenvolvmimento rural. Neste sentido, verifica-se que o rural contitui-se num espaço heterogêneo e complexo, no qual convive-se diferentes tempos e estilos de vida. Esta conviência apresenta-se de forma conflituosa ou harmônica, dependendo de como se organizam e interagem os diferentes atores sociais (agentes econômicos). Portanto, o rural brasileiro do século XXI demanda das agendas de desenvolvimento rural uma visão mais ampla e de ações que contemplem as diferentes formas de desenvolvimento, tempos e estilos de vida.
Nível de orégano seco (Origanum vulgare) na produção, histologia hepática perilobular e estrutura renal da codorna (Coturnix coturnix japonica) / Nivel de orégano (Origanum vulgare) seco en la producción, histología perilobulillar hepática y estructura renal de la codorniz (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Villanueva-Preciado Juan , Rodríguez-Hernández Blas , Ruíz-García Idalia de Jesús , Ortiz-Muñoz Edgardo Patricio , Orozco-Hernández José Rogelio
Published: April 2022

Durante años la creciente población humana ha demandado al sector pecuario más proteína para su alimentación.  Por tanto, el sector agropecuario ha empleado técnicas y suplementos alimenticios que no pongan en riesgo la salud de los animales y de consumidores finales.  El orégano es un fitomodulador microbiano del tracto gastrointestinal que estimula el aprovechamiento de nutrimentos, y ello la producción de especies avícolas como la codorniz.  Sin embargo, poco se sabe del efecto modulador tisular.  El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de tres niveles de orégano seco (0, 2 y 4% del alimento), en la productividad de la codorniz (Coturnix coturnix japonica), para ello se utilizaron 30 hembras de 60 días de edad por nivel, 90 en total, (diez aves por repetición, por jaula), la cuales fueron asignadas de manera aleatoria.  Las aves, fueron alojadas en condiciones comerciales, recibieron alimento conforme a sus necesidades (30 g/ave/día) y agua a libre acceso, por un periodo de 21 días.  Durante este periodo se registró el consumo (g/día), producción y ganancia de peso, además se midió la histomorfología perilobulillar venosa a nivel hepática y citoestructura renal.  Los resultados mostraron que el nivel orégano seco en el alimento no afectó de forma significativa los parámetros establecidos como de respuesta (p 0.05).
Estudo situacional da produção e comercialização de grãos de cacau na área de urdaneta, los ríos / Situational study of the production and marketing of cocoa beans in the area of urdaneta, los ríos
Authors: Contreras Mayra Araujo , Navarrete Eduardo Colina , Mora Xavier Gutiérrez , Cabezas Miguel Goyes , Jorgge Nessar Rojas
Published: April 2022

El cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L) en el Ecuador es conocido como la “pepa de oro”, siendo uno de los principales productos que oferta mayor divisas, ingreso, exportación y empleos a las familias campesinas. Este cultivo ha ocupado uno de los rubros más importante en la actividad comercial, social y ambiental del Ecuador, seguido de una producción mundial que se incrementa día con día, influenciada por el aumento de la demanda, ya que este producto es parte de la dieta alimenticia humana, al igual para los procesos de derivación como materia prima que tiene el producto. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el estudio situacional de la producción y comercialización del grano de cacao en la zona de Ricaurte, Los Ríos, teniendo como objetivos específicos: identificar la situación socio - económica de la comercialización del grano de cacao en Ricaurte y analizar la estructura y funcionamiento de la cadena productiva del cacao en la zona de Ricaurte Para este análisis se empleó como metodología el uso de encuestas de tipo cerrada a los centros de acopio de la localidad, estas matrices fueron realizadas telemáticamente debido a la crisis sanitaria que atraviesa el país, cuyos datos fueron procesados e interpretados con cálculo de números (porcentajes) y gráficos de barras. Las conclusiones determinan que los agricultores no tienen capacitación técnica para el asesoramiento y comercialización del cultivo, ausencia de financiamiento por parte de las instituciones, obteniendo como resultado precios bajos y malas condiciones del producto al momento de la venta.
Escarabajos colectados con diferentes concentraciones de alcohol en huertas de nogal pecanero (Carya illinoensis Koch) en el norte de Coahuila, México / Beetles collected with different alcohol concentration in walnut orchards (carya illinoensis koch) in the north of Coahuila, México
Authors: Torres Víctor Hugo González , Hernández Macotulio Soto , Silva Salvador Ordaz , Ayala Jesús Ariel Rodríguez , Torres Aarón Daniel Corpus , Ontiveros Carlos Alberto Ponce
Published: April 2022

en el presente estudio fueron recolectaron en total 263 insectos adultos con diferentes concentraciones de alcohol; de los cuales, la mezcla de Alcohol Isopropílico (25 ml) + Alcohol Etílico (75 ml) fue el mejor tratamiento. De los insectos recolectados se identificaron cuatro órdenes: Lepidoptera (53), Coleoptera (63), Hymenoptera (52) y Diptera (95); Coleoptera fue considerado el más importante en este presente estudio; fueron determinadas las familias: Elateridae, Staphylinidae, Bostrichidae, Coccinelidae, Cerambycidae, Monotomidae, Curculionidae y Nitidulidae; y las especies Synchita fuliginosa Melsheimer, Synchita parvula Guérin-Méneville (Zopheridae) son el primer registro para México.
Densidade de semeadura e nitrogênio no trigo BRS 404 em sistema sequeiro em Planaltina - DF / Seeding density and nitrogen in wheat BRS 404 in a rainfed system in Planaltina – DF
Authors: Chagas Jorge Henrique , Albrecht Júlio Cesar , Pires João Leonardo Fernandes , Sobrinho Joaquim Soares , Fronza Vanoli
Published: April 2022

O cultivo do trigo sequeiro na região do Cerrado do Brasil Central tem crescido nos últimos anos e vem contribuindo para diversificar os sistemas produtivos na região. Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes densidades de semeadura e a aplicação em cobertura de diferentes doses de nitrogênio na cultivar de trigo BRS 404 cultivada no sistema de sequeiro, sem irrigação, no período da safrinha. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. A parcela foi constituída por quatro densidades de semeadura (150, 250, 350 e 450 sementes m-2) e na subparcela cinco doses de nitrogênio (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1) aplicadas em cobertura durante a fase do perfilhamento. Após a emergência foi realizada a contagem de plantas e determinando o estande inicial. Antes da colheita foi realizada a contagem de espigas e após a colheita também foram determinados o rendimento de grãos, o peso hectolítrico e o peso de mil grãos. O rendimento de grãos máximo da BRS 404 foi obtido com 196 sementes m-2 e 37 kg de N ha-1. O peso hectolítrico e o peso de mil grãos diminuíram com o aumento da densidade e do nitrogênio em cobertura.
Boarding House Search Information System Database Design
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Rehan , Purnama Suryari
Published: April 2022

Technological advancements are causing humans to produce several inventions and developments to accomplish anything. Which one utilizes internet technology to obtain information as quickly and simply as possible? For example, if someone moves to a new area for work or school, they will need boarding houses. However, this information is difficult to obtain because it is traditionally passed down from person to person, and the boarding house owner finds it difficult to promote his boarding house. As a result, individuals require a computerized system to resolve this issue. This study aims to create a database design for a boarding home information system. This study employs the DBLC (Database Life Cycle) technique, which illustrates the life cycle of a database that may be developed at any time. Database design is separated into three parts: conceptual, logical, and physical database design.
Effect of glycaemic control on corneal parameters among type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jayaraj Vidyalakshmi , Bhakat Premjit , Thomas Jyothi , Rao Karthik
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To study the effect of glycaemic control as demonstrated by the change in HbA1c on corneal parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Study design: Prospective study analysing corneal parameters among patients with T2DM along with fluctuations in HbA1c.Methods: A prospective, single-centre, cohort study was carried out on T2DM patients with HbA1c > 6.5% from Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, India. The subjects underwent a comprehensive eye examination. One-hundred and twenty-two subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were analysed using the Huvitz 9000A to measure anterior corneal curvature followed by ultrasound pachymetry to measure central corneal thickness (CCT) at baseline and after 3 months. A simple linear regression was used to compare the mean corneal parameters, CCT and anterior corneal curvature, for each group with the mean HbA1c. The mean difference was considered statistically significant only if the value was p < 0.05.Results: We observed a significant difference between baseline and follow-up levels of HbA1c (t = 2.487; df = 53; p < 0.05). Simple linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation and revealed a mean increase in CCT of 1.893 μm (p < 0.001) and a mean increase in anterior corneal curvature of 0.069 D (p < 0.005) for every unit increase in HbA1c.Conclusions: The present study showed that changes in CCT and anterior corneal curvature occur with respect to changes in HbA1c level. Thus, careful attention is required in considering HbA1c status when performing comprehensive eye examinations in diabetic patients.
Intravitreal Ozurdex® in non-intact posterior lens capsule: case series and dilemma
Authors: Atikah Asini , Mushawiahti Mustapha , Mae-Lynn Catherine Bastion , Ainal Adlin , Suraya Hashim , Tan Shu Yu , Lim See Theng , Kuan Huey Chin
Published: April 2022

Background: Intravitreal Ozurdex® has been reported to be effective in treating macular oedema. It is more frequently used in resistant diabetic macular oedema cases that do not respond to anti vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. Despite the known risk of implant migration into the anterior chamber in non-intact posterior capsule eyes, the benefit of treatment occasionally outweighs the risk of complications, particularly in cases with good visual potential. The main potential vision-threatening complication involves permanent corneal decompensation.Case presentation: We are reporting the follow-up and management of Ozurdex implantation in non-intact capsule eyes. The complication of anterior chamber migration if at all occurred, was managed accordingly.Conclusion: Close follow-up is needed in patients with non-intact posterior lens capsules receiving intravitreal Ozurdex to monitor the risk of anterior chamber migration of the implant.
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM TERHADAP STATUS SAKSI BAGI PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF KRIMINOLOGI
Authors: Yemima Manurung Monica , Zairani Lisi Ivan , Apriyani Rini
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAKPekerja seks komersial adalah pekerjaan yang sampai sekarang dapat ditemui di tengah-tengah masyarakat Indonesia dan merupakan pekerjaan yang yang dinilai negatif baik dalam agama dan norma yang ada di Indonesia. Peraturan yang diatur di Indonesia mengenai Pekerja seks komersial pun dinilai masih belum mendapat perhatian karena hanya mengatur mengenai mucikari dan lokalisasi, hal ini mengakibatkan status saksi yang sampai saat ini diterima oleh psk merupakan ketidakadilaan bagi mucikari sekaligus memberi ruang kepada psk untuk bekerja tanpa jera karena tidak adanya kepastian hukum bagi kedudukan psk yang dimana sampai saat ini peraturan di Indonesia hanya mengatur tentang mucikari serta perdagangaan orang secara paksa.Kata Kunci : PSK, Saksi, HukumABSTRACTCommercial sex workers are jobs that until now can be found in the midst of Indonesian society and are jobs that are considered negative both in religion and norms in Indonesia. The regulations that are regulated in Indonesia regarding commercial sex workers are also considered to have not received attention because they only regulate pimping and lokalisasi, this results in the status of witnesses that have been accepted by the psk as unfair for pimps and at the same time giving space for psk to work without deterrence because they are not There is legal certainty for the position of psk which until now the regulations in Indonesia only regulate pimping and trafficking in persons by force.Keywords: prostitutes, witnesses and law
ANALISIS PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENYEBARAN BERITA BOHONG MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Ompu Jainah Zainab , Ayu Hapsari Recca , Nabhila Putri Mutiara
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis research aims to find out and understand the meaning of crime and criminal acts and how is the accountability of the perpetrators of criminal acts spreading fake news through social media. The conclusion of the research is that a criminal act or a criminal act is an act that is incompatible with or violates a legal rule or an act that is prohibited by a legal rule accompanied by a criminal sanction where the rule is aimed at the act while the threat or criminal sanction is aimed at the person who commits or the person. that caused the incident and the perpetrators of the crime of spreading fake news through social media can be held accountable if they violate Article 28 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law, which is an act intentionally, and without the right to spread false and misleading news that results in consumer losses in Electronic Transactions, at where the perpetrator can be sentenced to imprisonment of up to 6 (six) years and/or a maximum fine of Rp 1,000,000,000.00 (one billion rupiah). Research suggestions are to prevent participating in spreading fake news, we should eliminate the habit of sharing content without reading the contents thoroughly. then we should not easily believe or be tempted by certain news or offers through social media so that we do not become victims of fake news or offers through social media.Keywords: Criminal Liability; Fake News; Social Media.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami pengertian tindak pidana dan tindak pidana serta bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pelaku tindak pidana menyebarkan berita palsu melalui media sosial. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa perbuatan pidana atau tindak pidana merupakan suatu perbuatan yang tidak sesuai atau melanggar suatu aturan hukum atau perbuatan yang dilarang oleh aturan hukum yang disertai dengan sanksi pidana yang mana aturan tersebut ditujukan kepada perbuatan sedangkan ancamannya atau sanksi pidananya ditujukan kepada orang yang melakukan atau orang yang menimbulkan kejadian tersebut. Kemudian pelaku tindak pidana penyebaran berita bohong melalui media sosial dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawabannya apabila melanggar Pasal 28 ayat (1) UU ITE yaitu suatu perbuatan dengan sengaja, dan tanpa hak menyebarkan berita bohong dan menyesatkan yang mengakibatkan kerugian konsumen dalam Transaksi Elektronik, di mana terhadap pelaku dapat dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 6 (enam) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp1.000.000.000,00 (satu miliar rupiah). Saran penelitian adalah untuk mencegah turut serta menjadi penyebar berita bohong, maka hendaknya kita menghilangkan kebiasaan membagikan konten tanpa membaca isinya secara menyeluruh. Kemudian hendaknya kita jangan mudah percaya atau tergiur dengan adanya berita atau penawaran tertentu melalui media sosial sehingga kita tidak menjadi korban berita atau penawaran bohong melalui media sosial.Kata kunci: Tanggung Jawab Pidana; Berita Bohong; Media sosial.
KEJAHATAN GENOSIDA MYANMAR TERHADAP ETNIS ROHINGYA DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Samti Dewi Junita , Ulfatun Najica Fatma
Published: April 2022

AbstrakOrang Rohingya adalah etnis minoritas Muslim yang tinggal di Provinsi Arakan, Myanmar Barat Laut. Rohingya telah mengalami berbagai bentuk pelanggaran HAM, termasuk kejahatan genosida. Pembatasan ketat atas hak kebebasan bergerak bagi etnis Rohingya. Pemerintah Myanmar mengeluarkan Undang-undang Kewarganegaraan yang membuat diskriminasi bebas dilakukan terhadap orang-orang tanpa status kewarganegaraan. Isu yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah tindakan yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Myanmar, termasuk kategori kejahatan genosida, dan upaya penyelesaian sengketa antara Pemerintah Myanmar dan etnis Rohingya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif (studi literatur dan literatur yang berkaitan dengan genosida). Pendekatan yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan historis, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian didasarkan pada beberapa unsur sesuai dengan Pasal 6 Statuta Roma 1998, yang menyatakan bahwa tindakan Pemerintah Myanmar terhadap etnis Muslim Rohingya merupakan kejahatan genosida. Upaya Penyelesaian Sengketa ini dilakukan dengan jalur litigasi, karena penyelesaian non litigasi belum menemukan titik terang untuk sengketa ini, dan yang menangani kasus ini adalah Pengadilan Pidana Internasional di pengadilan ICC.Kata Kunci: Etnis Rohingya; Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia; Kejahatan Genosida; dan Hukum Pidana InternasionalAbstractThe Rohingya people are a Muslim ethnic minority who live in Arakan Province, Northwestern Myanmar. The Rohingya have experienced various forms of human rights violations, including the crime of genocide. Strict restrictions on the right to freedom of movement for ethnic Rohingya. The Myanmar government issued the Citizhenship Law which makes free discrimination carried out against people without citizenship status. The issues discussed in the research were the actions carried out by the Government of Myanmar, including the category of a genocide crime, and efforts to resolve disputes between the Myanmar Government and the Rohingya ethnicity. This type of research is to use the type of normative legal research (literature study and literature related to genocide). The approach is carried out with a historical approach, a conceptual approach, a statutory approach, and a case approach. The results of the research are based on several elements in accordance with Article 6 of the 1998 Rome Statute, which states that the actions taken by the Government of Myanmar against ethnic Muslim Rohingya are a crime of genocide. This Dispute Resolution effort is carried out by litigation, because non-litigation resolutions have not found a bright spot for this dispute, and the one handling this case is the International Criminal Court in the ICC court.Keywords: Rohingya ethnicity; Human Rights Violations; Genocide Crimes; and International Criminal Law
ASPEK PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU MENURUT KUHPERDATA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jaya Zay Irwan , Suhendro Suhendro , Yetti Yetti
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn agreement is an event where one person without a loan or where two people promise each other to do something. The agreement issues an agreement between two people that is made. agreement in the form of a quote containing promises or promises that are spoken or written. The employment agreement is also contained in Article 1601 a BW, namely "a search agreement is an agreement with the name of one party, binding himself under the orders of another party, the employer, for a certain period of time, doing work by receiving wages, labor agreement giving birth employment relationship, between employers and workers based on work agreements, who have jobs, wages and orders. The work agreement which in Dutch is usually called Arbeidsovereenkoms, the first definition is stated in the provisions of Article 1601a of the Civil Code which states that: "A work agreement is an agreement in which the first party, the worker, binds under the leadership of another party, the employer, for a certain period of time, performs under the leadership of another party, the employer, for a certain time. wages. “There are relatively few violations or legal aspects committed by employers related to the provision of workers' rights. However, it is the opposite in the regions. Employers have the maximum time limit permitted by Law Number 13 of 2013 concerning the period of PKWT. The provision of workers' rights that are given time such as wages, working hours and social security still does not meet expectations. lies in two things, the first factor is the implementation of the PKWT rules that are not in accordance with the requirements. Employers should not hire workers for something that is not needed in the course of the company. Most of the types and nature of work required are jobs that are part of the core work of the production process and are permanent in nature. So that there has been a fatal violation of Article 59 of the Manpower Law, which is caused by the object of work that is prohibited by the provisions of the law against PKWT. Judging from the fact that the time allotted, workers should have changed their status to PKWTT, because they have been doing permanent work.Keywords: PKWT certain time work agreements, unlawful
ANALISIS PUTUSAN LEPAS DARI TUNTUTAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Mansyur Mansyur , Gofar Harahap Muhammad
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe phenomenon that has occurred in Indonesia is the determination of mental disorders which procedurally do not meet the elements of only looking at the physical condition of the perpetrators of criminal acts. This research was conducted based on how the procedure in determining a person has a mental disorder according to criminal procedural law, Is the decision of the Simalungun District Court Judge Number: 207/Pid.B/2015/Pn.Sim in accordance with the criminal procedure law in dealing with defendants with mental disorders. To find out the procedure for dealing with criminals who are suspected of having mental disorders in terms of proving and applying certainty to the perpetrators and knowing the considerations in the decisions discussed in imposing the release of perpetrators with mental disorders. This research method is the type of juridical and normative research, approach to the problem of sources of legal materials, techniques of collecting legal materials, analysis of legal materials. Conclusion The decision of the Simalungun District Court Number 207/Pid.B/2015/Pn.Sim, in determining the mental state of the defendant is only based on the judge's belief so that it is not bound by the procedures intended by criminal procedural law by involving expert witnesses, to prove the mental state of the defendant. where the psychiatrist should have a very important role in the trial considering the limited capabilities possessed by a judge in terms of mental health.Keywords: Release Decision, Lawsuits, Criminal Actors
PENERAPAN PRINSIP PRODUCT LIABILITY OLEH PELAKU USAHA TERHADAP KONSUMEN PENGGUNA KOSMETIK ILEGAL DAN MENGANDUNG BAHAN KIMIA BERBAHAYA
Authors: Nurzamzam Nurzamzam , Silvy Novita
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn the current era of free trade, there are many cosmetics on the market with various types of brands. The desire of a woman to always look beautiful is widely used by irresponsible business actors by producing or trading cosmetics that do not meet the requirements or existing rules for circulation to the public. Badan Pengawas Obat dan makanan (BPOM) there are a number of cosmetics that contain hazardous materials, bahan kimia obat(BKO) that can harm the human body. Therefore, the use of medicinal chemicals containing hazardous materials in the manufacture of cosmetics is prohibited. The application of the principle of product liability is an absolute must for cosmetic business actors, both legal cosmetics and illegal cosmetics that contain hazardous chemicals. Responsibilities both civil and criminal sanctions are mandatory so that business actors feel deterred and afraid to distribute illegal cosmetics and contain hazardous chemicals. The existence of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning consumer protection and other laws and regulations is expected to have a positive influence on business actors and consumers, and is expected to be a legal umbrella to minimize arbitrary actions from business actors to protect the interests of consumers so that later can guarantee the achievement of a legal protection for consumers in Indonesia Keyword : product liability, illegal cosmetics, consumer protectionABSTRAKPada era perdagangan bebas sekarang ini banyak kosmetik yang beredar di pasaran dengan beraneka jenis merek. Keinginan seorang wanita untuk selalu tampil cantik banyak dimanfaatkan oleh pelaku usaha yang tidak bertanggung jawab dengan cara memproduksi atau memperdagangkan kosmetik yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan atau aturan yang ada untuk di edarkan kepada masyarakat. Menurut Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) ada sejumlah kosmetik yang mengandung bahan yang berbahaya,antara lain berupa Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO) yang dapat membahayakan tubuh manusia. Oleh karena itu penggunaan bahan kimia obat yang mengandung bahan berbahaya dalam pembuatan kosmetik itu dilarang. Penerapan prinsip product liability menjadi sesuatu yang mutlak bagi pelaku usaha kosmetik baik kosmetik legal maupun kosmetik illegal yang mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya. Tanggungjawab baik secara perdata maupun sangsi pidana menjadi hal yang wajib agar pelaku usaha merasa jera serta takut untuk mengedarkan kosmetik illegal dan megandung bahan kimia berbahaya. Keberadaan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang perlindungan konsumen serta peraturan perundnag undnagan yang lain diharapkan akan dapat memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pelaku usaha dan konsumen, serta diharapkan dapat menjadi payung hukum untuk meminimalisir tindakan sewenang-wenang dari para pelaku usaha untuk melindungi kepentingan konsumen sehingga nantinya dapat menjamin tercapainya suatu perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen di IndonesiaKata Kunci : produk liability, kosmetik ilegal, perlindungan konsumen
Principios y proyecciones de la comercialización agroecológica: miradas desde la región de Valparaíso
Authors: Saravia Ramos Pablo
Published: April 2022

La producción y el consumo alimentario agroecológico enfrentan un escenario de múltiples potencialidades y barreras a superar en un contexto de crisis, incertidumbre y cambios sociopolíticos, tanto a nivel nacional como planetario. Se persigue problematizar, a partir de las perspectivas de los actores y actoras, las dimensiones relevantes que permiten comprender el estado actual de la comercialización agroecológica, como también sus derroteros futuros. El presente texto explora dichos caminos a partir de información levantada de manera cualitativa, por medio de entrevistas individuales en profundidad a productores y consumidores de algún tipo de circuitos cortos de comercialización alimentaria de la región de Valparaíso, Chile. Tales discursos relevan la importancia de la articulación entre productores y consumidores, la recuperación de proyectos colectivos y la valorización de la confianza como mecanismo de certificación, junto con la necesidad de avanzar hacia un consumo crítico o transformador. A la vez, problematiza ciertos elementos clave para comprender el escenario futuro, tales como las capacidades presentes en los territorios, sus temporalidades que no son inmediatas y regulares, la concepción dinámica y no lineal de dichos procesos y sus conflictos.
Patrimonio vitivinícola en quincha frente a la expansión urbana en Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Esteves Matías , Sales Romina
Published: April 2022

Las bodegas materializadas con quincha se consideran patrimonio cultural por condensar características propias de la zona donde se localizan y por dar cuenta de una relación singular entre naturaleza y cultura. Sin embargo, desde el año 2000 en Mendoza se intensifican los avances de la expansión urbana sobre territorios rurales que impactan en el patrimonio vitivinícola y promueven la demolición de bodegas, particularmente de pequeños productores. Si bien en las últimas décadas han tomado protagonismo acciones de ordenamiento territorial para regular el crecimiento urbano y proteger las zonas agrícolas, se advierte que no alcanzan a poner en valor el patrimonio vitivinícola para su conservación y valorización como elemento de identidad. El trabajo analiza las características y condición de patrimonio de las bodegas en quincha localizadas en el oasis norte de Mendoza y el impacto del avance urbano sobre estas construcciones. Para ello utilizamos herramientas de metodología cualitativa y seleccionamos como caso de estudio el Cinturón Verde de Mendoza. Los resultados apuntan a reflexionar sobre los impactos de la expansión urbana sobre el patrimonio vitivinícola para generar recomendaciones a la política pública tendiente al reconocimiento de los valores patrimoniales y su aplicación en acciones de desarrollo local.
EMOTION REGULATION DIFFICULTIES AND SELF-CRITICISM AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING COVID 19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyuni Eka , Fitri Susi , Cahyawulan Wening
Published: April 2022

This study examined the relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and self-criticism among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study explores how particular aspects of emotion regulation difficulties correlate to the self-criticism dimension. Participants were 1049 college students from a university in the capital city (84 % female and 16% male). Students came from eight faculties (faculty of education, art and language, social science, technics, sport science, educational psychology, science and mathematics, and economy). The results show that the mean of emotion regulation was 57,23 and self-criticism was 48,72. Emotion regulation difficulties were found to be significantly associated with self-criticism (r=0,644;0,00). There were no significant differences between males and females in emotion regulation and self-criticism. The result appeared similar in most of the subscales, except in one emotion regulation subscales (clarity) and two self-criticism subscales (inadequate self and reassured self). The implications of these findings for research and treatment are discussed.
Students’ Difficulties in Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Machfudi Moch. Imam , Afidah Anissa’ul
Published: April 2022

The purposes of this study were to describe the students’ difficulties in vocabulary mastery and the factors that caused students’ difficulties in mastering vocabulary. This research employed qualitative approach using phenomenology design. The data were gathered by observation, interview, and document review. Data technique and data source triangulation were used to validate the collated data. The result of this research revealed that several students had difficulties in vocabulary mastery. This study showed that: first, the difficulties encountered by students were that the students got difficulties in translating words or sentences in English into Indonesian and vice versa. Students also experienced difficulties in understanding the meaning of words, pronunciation, misspelling, and remembering or memorizing English vocabulary. Secondly, there were some factors that caused students got difficulties in vocabulary mastery. Students were reluctant to open dictionaries and less interested in learning English. This condition became the hindrance for them to practice English regularly. The other issues were external factors such as inadequate facilities and the negative influence of friends that at the end have made them difficult to learn English especially vocabulary mastery.
Ahdafu Taklimi Al Lugahti Al Arabiyyati Fi Muassasati Al Tarbiyyati, Hal Tahaqqaqat
Authors: Maturedy Faris
Published: April 2022

إن الهدف لغة كل مرتفع مرئي أو الغاية. وأما المراد بالهدف من المنظور التربوي فهو الوصف الموضوعي الدقيق لأشكال التغير المطلوب إحداثها في سلوك الطالب بعد مروره بخبرة تعليمية معينة.  يشتق المعلم أهداف التعليم من عدة عناصر مهمة. هي فلسفة التربية وفلسفة المجتمع وطموحاته ومشكلاته وطبيعة نمو المتعلم وخصائصه وحاجاته وميوله واتجاهاته وطبيعة المادة الدراسية وآراء المتخصصين الأكاديميين. يسعى متعلم اللغة إلى تحقيق هذه الأهداف، هي (أ) الكفاية اللغوية: ويقصد بها سيطرة المتعلم على النظام الصوتي للغة العربية تمييزا وإنتاجا، ومرفته بتراكيب اللغةة، وقواعدها الأساسية، نظريا ووظيفيا والإلمام بقدر مناسب من مفردات اللغة للفهم والاستعمال، و(ب) والكفاية الاتصالية:، ويقصد بها قدرة المتعلم على استخدام اللغة بصورة تلقائية، والتعبير بطلاقة عن أفكاره وخبراته، مع تمكنه من استيعاب ما يتلقى من اللغة في يسر وسهولة ج) والكفاية الثقافية: ويقصد بها ما تحمله اللغة العربية من ثقافة تعبر عن أفكار أصحابها وتجاربهم وقيمهم وعاداتهم وآدابهم وفنونهم، وعلى مدرس اللغة العربية تنمية هذه الكفايات الثلاث لدى الطلاب من بداية البرنامج إلى نهايته، وفي جميع المستويات. تنقسم المؤسسات التربوية في إندونيسا إلى قسمين، المؤسسات التي تحققت فيها الأهداف الثلاث كلها والمؤسسات التي تحققت فيها بعض الأهداف.
ANALISIS YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS PADONGKO KABUPATEN BARRU
Authors: Rosdiana Said Rosdiana Said
Published: April 2022

Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease with a fairly high prevalence and mortality, especially in developed countries and developing countries, including Indonesia. Hypertension is caused by high blood pressure that exceeds normal. Currently, hypertension is still a major health problem. To analyze the factors affecting drug adherence to the elderly at padongko health center, barru regency in 2021. The type of research is analytic observational research with a cross sectional research design, sample in the study as many as 73 respondents with Random Sampling technique, simple random retrieval. The results showed that there was no influence between knowledge on medication adherence in the elderly (p = 0.626) > (0.05), there was no influence between attitudes towards medication adherence in the elderly, with p value (p = 0.532) > (0, 05) , There is no effect of length of treatment on adherence to medication in the elderly, with a value of p = 0.915 > 0.05, There is no effect of access to services on adherence to taking medication in the elderly, with a value of (p = 0.713) > (0.05) , There is an influence between family support on medication adherence in the elderly, with a p value = 0.047 > 0.05, There is an influence between the role of health workers on medication adherence in the elderly, with a p value = 0.026 > 0.05. Suggestion: Improving better services, especially in providing information services on the use of drugs to the elderly so that patients understand and can obey in consuming hypertension drugs.
Evaluation of the antioxidative properties of different Fractions of Ethanol extract of Jatropha tangorensis
Authors: Unegbu Unegbu , C C. , Ajah Ajah , O O , Nnaoma Nnaoma , E I. , Joseph Joseph , C R.
Published: April 2022

The antioxidant potential of crude ethanolic as well as ethyl acetate and n-hexane soluble fractions of Jatropha tanjorensis which is widely used in indigenous system of medicinal for different purposes were studied. The antioxidant potential of extract different Fractions were evaluated using different in vitro antioxidant models which includes Ascorbic acid, Beta carotene, flavoniods, total phenols, ABTS, H202, FRAP and reducing power. The estimation of the crude extract showed ascorbic acid (93.51mg/kg), beta carotene (10.564mg/kg), flavoniods (7.88mg/kg), total phenols (64.03mg/kg), ABTS (64.21%), H2O2 (6.39%), FRAP (0.221µmol/ml) and Reducing power (2.913µmol/ml). That of ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fractions for Ascorbic acid, beta carotene, flavoniods, Total phenols, ABTS, H202, FRAP and reducing power are as; 227.8mg/kg, 9.21mg/kg, 0.59mg/kg, 33.94mg/kg, 96.47%, 2.5%, 1.1911 µmol/ml, 4.500µmol/ml and 228.7mg/kg, 9.21mg/kg, 0.59mg/kg, 33.94mg/kg, 98.93%, 2.32%, 1.578µmol/ml, 4.456µmol/ml respectively. However, the result of this Study reveals the plant contains some appreciable amount of the antioxidant models analyzed which is vital to illnesses associated with oxidative stress thereby revealing that the plant is a good source of natural antioxidant.
Sassaƙar Turmi a Ƙasar Hausa
Authors: Rambo Dr. Rabiu Aliyu
Published: April 2022

Ganin cewar da yawa daga cikin al’umma ba su san irin jerin matakan da masassaƙa kan bi ba wajen aiwatar da sassaƙa, wannan shi ya jawo hankalina domin in yi ƙoƙarin fito da waɗannan matakai daki-daki domin a fahince su. Ganin cewa kayan sassaƙa suna da yawa a ƙasar Hausa, wannan takardar ta yi ƙoƙarin duban matakan aiwatar sassaƙar turmi ne kawai a ƙasar Hausa. A ƙoƙarin haƙa ta cimma ruwa, takardar ta yi amfani da dabarun gani da ido da tambayoyi da bitar wasu ayyuka domin zaƙuro bayanan da aka tattauna a wannan takardar. An ɗora aikin a Bahaushen ra’i (hanyar gudanar da bincike), wato tunanin cewa “kowa a gida sarki ne.” An yi haka ne bayan la’akari da ɗumbin hikimomi da ke tattare da al’amarin sassaƙa. Sakamakon wannan binciken ya gano akwai a ƙalla matakai goma da masassaƙi kan bi kafin ya samar da turmi a ƙasar Hausa.
A Research Overview and Cause Analysis of Parataxis and Hypotaxis
Authors: Chu Yan , Sun Peiqi
Published: April 2022

As different connecting means in Chinese and English, parataxis and hypotaxis have always been the focus of discussion and research by Chinese and foreign scholars. This pair of concepts has been studied for a long time, and after years of supplement and improvement, the concepts of parataxis and hypotaxis have been very mature and widely used in the translation practice of various styles. Therefore, the authors give an overview of the research on parataxis and hypotaxis from the aspects of the proposal, development and application of the concepts. Apart from that, the authors also analyze the reasons of parataxis and hypotaxis from the following two perspectives: (1) grammar and syntax, (2) culture and thinking modes. Through this study, the authors hope to further improve the accuracy and fluency of translation between Chinese and English based on theories of parataxis and hypotaxis, and also hope to find some reasonable explanations to the Chinese and Western cultural conflicts.