bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yemen'de Savaşın Toplumsal Cinsiyete Dayalı Şiddete Etkisi
Authors: ALAHMADİ Esam
Published: December 2023

Yemen'de çatışmaların patlak vermesinin üzerinden 7 yıl geçmesinin ardından, kadınlar ve genç kızlar toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı artan şiddet olaylarıyla karşı karşıya bulunmaktadırlar. Bu şiddet olayları, savaşın neden olduğu ekonomik zorluklar ve toplumsal değişimlerle birleşerek daha da karmaşık bir hal almıştır. Savaşın etkisiyle, kadınlar ailelerine gelir sağlamak amacıyla tehlikeli işlerde çalışmaya itilmiştir. Ancak bu süreç, kadınlara yönelik şiddetin artmasına yol açmıştır. Kadınların toplumsal rolleri değişmiş ve sorumlulukları artmıştır. Yemen toplumu, kadınlarla ilgili keskin standartlara sahiptir ve çatışmanın tarafları bu standartları suistimal etmiş, kadınların özgürlüğünü kısıtlamış ve bayan aktivistleri tutuklamıştır. Kadınların rollerindeki değişime tepki olarak, erkekler şiddetli bir direniş göstermiştir. Bu, ev içi şiddetin artmasına, erken evliliklerin yaygınlaşmasına, kadınların sünnet edilmesine, onur suçlarına, beslenme ve eğitim fırsatlarının azalmasına ve zorla evlendirmelere yol açmıştır. Kız çocukları, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri nedeniyle okulu terk etmekte ve evde beklemek zorunda kalmışlardır. Çatışma süreci, Yemen genelinde denetim noktalarının artmasına ve hareket özgürlüğünün kısıtlanmasına yol açmıştır. Bu da muhalif aktivist kadınlara yönelik şiddetin artmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu durum, kadınların koruma araçlarının azalmasına ve iyileşme çabalarının engellenmesine neden olmuştur. Ancak, Yemen'deki toplumsal cinsiyet şiddeti sorununun üstesinden gelmek için umutlu bir nokta bulunmaktadır. Modern Yemen tarihinde kadın haklarına yönelik ilerlemeler kaydedilmiştir ve bu ilerlemeler komşu ülkelerinkinden daha ileridedir. Ayrıca, toplumsal cinsiyet şiddeti ile mücadele çabaları sadece kadın örgütleriyle sınırlı kalmamış, ulusal diyaloglar ve anayasa taslağı gibi modern toplumsal eğilimlerle de entegre edilmiştir. Bu makale, analitik bir metodoloji kullanarak toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı şiddeti analiz etmeyi ve Yemen'deki savaşın bu şiddet üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çatışmanın kadınlar ve genç kızlar üzerindeki etkilerini anlamak, daha etkili koruma ve destek politikalarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir.
You have to do some dhora-dhori’: achieving medical maternal health expectations through trust as social practice in Bangladesh
Authors: Perkins Janet E
Published: December 2023

In contrast to prevailing conceptualisations of ‘trust’ as an object in popular and political discourses, this article takes the concept of trust as future-oriented practice as a launching pad for understanding relationships between people and medical systems in Bangladesh. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Bangladeshi peri-urban and rural spaces, it focuses on expectations related to advanced maternal biomedical technologies delivered through medical institutions. These technologies have recently come to dominate practices and expectations around pregnancy and childbirth care and women’s navigations of health systems to realise these expectations. Within this context, trust in institutions in the public or private health sectors remains peripheral to women’s experiences of accessing desired maternal health resources. Rather, women leverage social connectedness through the patronage-related practice of dhora-dhori, translated as mutual grasping or holding. Dhora-dhori is based on social rootedness, trust in that rootedness, and reciprocity. Women act as embedded agents within their families to appeal to various social connections through dhora-dhori to tactically access desired services and resources, with the expectation that this will result in better care at a lower cost, whether in public or private health sectors. It is through such practice that women and families work to realise their expectations of care through institutions, collapsing distinctions between ‘trust’ in personal relationships and ‘trust’ in institutions, as it is through intimate relationships that relationships with medical institutions are engaged.
‘What are you doing here?’: (mis)trust, COVID-19 pandemic, and sexual reproductive health rights
Authors: Muga Winstoun , Igonya Emmy Kageha
Published: December 2023

We explore how the government’s messaging on COVID-19 pandemic response perpetuated mistrust and impeded people’s ability to access and utilise sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. While the need for SRH information increased, public health messages fostered mistrust in sexual and reproductive health services. We draw on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions conducted among women, girls, and healthcare providers in five African countries (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, and Uganda) between May and October 2021. We show how trust was largely eroded through preventive measures, such as stay-at-home directives, social distancing, curfews, and lockdowns. We argue that, on one hand, while state-led epidemic preparedness and response were geared towards the common good, i.e., controlling the virus, on the other hand, de-prioritisation of much-needed services for sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), as well as a lack of transparency among some of the service providers, bred mistrust in healthcare. We conclude that ambiguity in communication and implementation of COVID-19 prevention measures further compromised access to and utilisation of sexual and reproductive health services.
Trusting the permanence of self for people with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Frisone Gloria
Published: December 2023

Although informed consent is rooted in the growing affirmation of the subject’s autonomy, medical anthropology has highlighted the inherent limits of this procedural notion. My ethnographic research in neurological and geriatric clinics between France and Italy showed the triangular (dis)trust relationship—between older people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), their doctor, and their caregiver. Following their cognitive decline and loss of autonomy, people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) could be victims of epistemic injustice in two specific moments of the illness: the diagnostic disclosure and the institution of legal protection. If the diagnostic information diminishes the patient’s credibility, the institution of legal protection undermines the patient’s social identity and legal status. However, when caregivers preserve an unconditional trust in the permanence of the patient’s subjective identity, this trust may be conveyed to clinical teams, significantly improving the therapeutic relationship, the course of the disease, and the quality of life for all the actors involved.
Living with illness uncertainty: nature cure caregiving in Kerala, South India
Authors: Sheldon Victoria
Published: December 2023

First promoted in India as part of M.K. Gandhi’s anti-colonial project, nature cure (prakr̥ti jīvanaṁ) draws on the metaphor of vitality to frame the body as having a natural wisdom—a vital force—that works to restore health and balance. In Kerala, South India, patients forge mentorships with nature cure healers to repair their ill bodies, revive the toxic environment, and respond to moral collapse. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork, this paper offers a person-centred analysis of one practitioner, Dr Vinod, as he instils trust in two chronically ill patients facing uncertain futures. First, I demonstrate the limits of public categorisations of alternative medicines in India for representing the multiplicity of healers and their care strategies. Despite nature cure being outwardly centred as a mode of self-healing, Dr Vinod does not engage liberal conceptions of autonomy and independence, nor does he solely critique biomedicine. Rather, Dr Vinod attends to patients’ histories and the specific arrangements of kinship, caste, class, and gender shaping their vulnerabilities, to transform feelings of doubt into those of trust amid illness uncertainty. In this way, alternative healers hold the capacity to reconfigure socially embedded lives. Second, to illuminate how naturopathic care tactics reveal the relational dimensions of illness experience, I draw on and expand the work of philosopher Havi Carel. Carel argues that bodily doubt shapes the experience of chronic illness in three ways: loss of faith in one’s body, loss of transparency, and loss of continuity. Engaging with Cheryl Mattingly’s approach to narrative phenomenology, I demonstrate how Dr Vinod moves a step further, asking how articulations of illness and loss are inherently intersubjective. Empathetic to his patients’ social worlds, Dr Vinod gently intervenes in their lives, forging therapeutic ties to support them—all the while outwardly claiming that the locus of healing lies in the self.
Pengawasan pelaksanaan tugas guru di SMK negeri se-kota Solok
Authors: Amalia S Adinda , Marsidin Sufyarma
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengawasan pelaksanaan tugas guru di SMK Negeri se-Kota Solok ditinjau dari aspek Perencanaan Pembelajaran, Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran, Pelaksanaan Evaluasi Pembelajaran, dan Pelaksanaan Program Tindak Lanjut. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah Guru SMK Negeri di Kota Solok yang berjumlah 242 orang dan sampel sebanyak 154 orang dengan menggunakan teknik proporsional stratified random sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan datanya adalah angket model skala likert. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Supervisi Pelaksanaan Tugas Guru SMK Negeri Se-Kota Solok berada pada kategori baik dengan rata-rata skor sebesar 4,21. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, penulis menyarankan agar pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan tugas guru di SMK Negeri di Kota Solok dapat dipertahankan dan perlu ditingkatkan lagi agar tercipta proses pembelajaran yang kondusif dan tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai.
THE ABA’ STRUCTURE OF PAUL’S ARGUMENTATION IN 1 CORINTHIANS. LOVE AS A UNIFYING THEME
Authors: Mihăilă Corin
Published: December 2023

It is well known that the letter of 1 Corinthians is peculiar in the sense that it deals with several issues in the Corinthian church, apparently unrelated to each other, except that all the problems were found in the same church. While the purpose for which Paul wrote the letter was that of creating unity, the way he seeks to motivate towards unity is by calling for self-sacrifice, restraining one’s liberty, giving up one’s rights, ultimately by calling the believers to love. This becomes clear by noting the structure of Paul’s argument in dealing with each individual issue in the letter. The sandwich (ABA’) structure reveals that at the heart of each of Paul’s arguments is a call to self-sacrifice. This is strengthened by noting that Paul begins and ends his epistle with the two most significant redemptive events—the cross and the resurrection.
Determination of Impacts of Climate Change on Temperature and Rainfall Variations in Some Southern Iraqi Governorate Using GIS
Authors: Sultan Maitham , Hashim Bassim , Hassan Ahmed , Nasser Mohammed
Published: December 2023

The concept of temperature change is closely related to climate change. Global warming is one of its most prominent manifestations, and the effects of this will be significant on the climate. It will lead to an increase in the intensity of the air cycle, the encroachment of climatic regions towards the poles, an increase in the frequency of extreme weather phenomena, a change in the distribution of heat and rain in different cities of the world, and a rise in sea levels and the threat of most coastal areas. The research aims to determine the variation in temperature, the amount of rain, and its distribution system in the (Basra, Thi Qar, and Missan) during the period (1998 – 2020), and diagnosis of changes in temperature, rain amount, and their cause, as well as its distribution system by analyzing the trend of change in the annual averages of temperature and annual rainfall amounts for the same study period. The results of spatial analysis using GIS for monthly temperature average data for the same period indicated that the general trend of temperature distribution in all study stations is high, and the peaks during the months (June, July, August, and September), where we notice a large and clear increase, especially in recent years, if compared with rates in previous years. As for the rain data analysis in Iraq, the study found that it was limited to five months (Nov., Dec., Jan., March, April), and October month, which represents the beginning of the rainy season in most monitoring stations, and the month of March, which represents its end, did not record any amount of rain, and this means that the depressions which Iraq exposed to during these two months are unable to produce heavy amounts of the rain because of their shallowness, from the spatial distribution of the amount of rain in the study area that the rainfall rates are reduced to the highest level and its irregular distribution, and therefore reflected in the decrease in water resources in the areas under study. A large amount of daily precipitation in Iraq is due to the recurrence of three atmospheric depressions the (Mediterranean, combined, and Sudanese) depression. These responsible depressions are distinguished by their differences from one region to another, the short duration of their stay and recurrence, the weather conditions that dominate them, and the pressure patterns accompanying them in the upper atmosphere layers. Or some of these depressions reach dryness or are accompanied by non-rainy clouds. This makes Iraq’s rains few, leading to many repercussions on climate, the environment, humans, and various activities.
Microfacies and Depositional Model of the Shuaiba Formation (Lower Cretaceous), in Selected Wells, Southern Iraq
Authors: Mahdi Maher , Al-Shawi Zainalabdeen , Hannina Sany
Published: December 2023

The Shuaiba Formation (Aptian age) is an important formation due to its wide extent in Iraq and Arabian Gulf. In northern Iraq, it is called Qamchuqa Formation and has an important role in contracting the Arabian plate. The study focused on several wells, which are: ZB-290, WQ1-353, RU-358, R-624, and R-5 from several selected fields, such as Zubair, Rumaila, and West Qurna in southern Iraq. The purpose of the study is to determine the sedimentary and paleontological components of the Shuaiba Formation. The lithology of the Shuaiba Formation consists of very fine crystalline massive limestone that gradually converts to chalky limestone with a large percentage of dolomites, especially in the middle part of the formation. The thickness of the studied formation is about 50 – 110 meters and its main microfacies are two types, which are carbonate and dolomite. The carbonate is subdivided into five secondary types, which are burrowed bioclastic lime mudstone, planktonic foraminiferal lime mudstone, larger foraminifera wackestone, algal wackestone and mixed planktonic, and benthonic Foraminifera wackestone, in addition, to dolostone microfacies. The effect of the diagenesis in the formation is distinguished and most of these processes are destructive, such as dissolution and stylolite. The first depositional stage of the investigated area began with sea level rise following the deposition of the Zubair Formation from still stand. Shuaiba Formation deposited within the ramp setting as the water level rose. During the late Aptian, tectonic and sea levels were the active factors that controlled the deposition of the formation. According to data collected from microfacies and diagenesis processes, the Shuaiba Formation has several depositional environments, which are from the shallowest: restricted, open marine (inner ramp), mid ramp, and finally outer ramp. Generally, toward the upper sequence, the formation reflects deep deposits and then starts to be less deep until it is a shallow basin (Nahr Umr).
Article Review/ The Tectonic Evolution of Erbil Area (Ne Iraq) as a Part of the Northeastern Margin of the Arabian-Nubian Plate Throughout Albian-Early Eocene
Authors: Znad Rabeea , Aljumaily Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

The Albian-Early Eocene tectonic evolution of the Zagros Foreland Basin of the High Folded Zone in the Iraqi Kurdistan region has been studied based on the recent foreland basin system concept. This study showed that during the cretaceous (Albian – Cenomanian) there was a geodynamic shift from a passive margin to a foreland basin system phase, not to an active margin phase as mentioned in the previous studies. The advance of the continental margin of the Arabian-Nubian Plate (ANP) toward the subduction zone imposed a tectonic load leading to the form of a flexural wave. The consequences of the last tectonic event were reflected by the continuous deposition of the Balambo Formation. in a foredeep depozone. This happened concomitantly with a flexural emergence of the continental shelf further to the west forming a forebulge depozone represented by the deposition of reefal facies of the Qamchuqa Formation. These geodynamic changes are considered here to represent the Megasequence boundary between the Tectonic Megasequence (TMS) of AP8 and AP9. The last sequence of the passive margin was the Qamchuqa Formation Which is called the Pre-Orogenic Carbonate Platform and was separated from the Bekhme Formation by regional unconformity (Megasequence boundary). The latter is represented by the Lower Sequence of the foreland basin system, which is called the Syn-Orogenic Carbonate Platform (SCP). During the Middle Campanian, the Zagros foreland basin started with the underfilled stage, and it was entirely clear by the end of the Cretaceous comprising a broad threefold subdivision of depositional realms that translated into three stratigraphic units known as trinity underfilled units of foreland basin system. The lower carbonate unit, the pelagic and hemipelagic unit, and the upper flysch clastic unit are represented by Bekhme, Shiranish, and Tanjero Formations respectively. All of these units were superimposed during basin depocenter migration and became younger toward the southwest in front of progressing the orogenic wedge toward the Arabian Craton. During the late Maastrichtian to Paleocene – Early Eocene, the Zagros foreland basin underwent a transition from underfill to fill the stage. Deep exhumation of the orogenic wedge and ophiolite assemblage had supplied the clastic sediment of the Kolosh Formation into the basin covering the foredeep and most of the forebulge and backbulge depozones.
Das Adelaider Gesangbuch
Authors: Kaulfürst Fabian , Mahling Lubina
Published: December 2023

Das Adelaider Gesangbuch. Kulturgeschichtliche Verortung und sprachgeschichtliche Einordnung
Im Herbst 2021 wurde von Trudla Malinkowa in den Lutheran Archives in Adelaide ein handschriftliches sorbisches Gesangbuch entdeckt, das im Folgenden erstmals wissen­schaftlich untersucht wird. Das Gesangbuch ist dem pietistischen Spektrum zuzuordnen und repräsentiert eine außerkirchliche Frömmigkeit, wie sie in Kreisen der evangelischen Stundenchristen gelebt wurde. Als authentischer Text sorbischer Lied- und Schriftkultur des 19. Jahrhunderts dokumentiert das Gesangbuch mit seiner Geschichte vielfältige, teils bisher wenig beachtete Phänomene der Sorabistik, so etwa die orthographische Eigen­ständigkeit sorbischer Handschriften. Damit werden neue Perspektiven für die Beschrei­bung kultur-, literatur- und sprachgeschichtlicher Entwicklungslinien in der Sorabistik eröffnet.
A State of the Art Review on Natural Language Processing applied to the Malagasy Language
Authors: Ratianantitra Volatiana Marielle
Published: December 2023

Based on the growing mass of information of all kinds to be processed and to facilitate human/machine dialogue, research teams and language industries are still developing applications integrating automatic natural language processing techniques. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a discipline on the border of linguistics and computer science that concerns the application of computer programs and techniques to all aspects of human language. NLP is an area of research that is still open. It has extended its applications in various fields and applied them in several languages worldwide. This paper will review the NLP methods and resources that have been performed on the Malagasy language only. Recently, work on the automatic processing of the Malagasy language occurs even if the language is part of the group of under-endowed languages. This will allow researchers who are interested in the Malagasy language to update themselves in terms of the work already carried out, and the challenges that may be envisaged in future.
(Ne)primjena
skraćenog postupka, sporazumijevanja i oportuniteta u slučajevima prekršaja
obiteljskog nasilja
Authors: Kikić Suzana
Published: December 2023

Unatoč implementiranju brojnih međunarodnih standarda zaštite žrtava nasilja u obitelji u hrvatsko zakonodavstvo, u policijskoj praksi uočen je problem tumačenja i provođenja pojedinih zakonskih (i međunarodnih konvencijskih) odredbi, koje za posljedicu, osim neadekvatne i neučinkovite zaštite žrtava, ima negativan učinak na prevenciju i suzbijanje obiteljskog nasilja, posebno u pogledu poticanja žrtava na prijavljivanje eventualnog novog nasilja, saniranja posljedica, ali i upućivanja poruke počinitelju o neprihvatljivosti njegova ponašanja. Predmet ovog rada samo je jedan segment primjene policijskih ovlasti u području prekršajnog procesuiranja počinitelja nasilja u obitelji, odnosno, pitanje primjene instituta tzv. skraćenog postupka izdavanjem prekršajnih naloga i obaveznih prekršajnih naloga, sporazumijevanja policije i počinitelja o krivnji i sankcijama te nepokretanja prekršajnog postupka primjenom načela oportuniteta. S ciljem utvrđivanja zakonskih osnova, opsega, razloga i načina njihove primjene u praksi, provedeno je istraživanje kojim su obuhvaćene: analiza nacionalnih i međunarodnih pravnih okvira u ovom području, analiza statističkih podataka primjene ovih instituta u razdoblju od 2017. do 2021. godine u Republici Hrvatskoj, kao i analiza policijskih predmeta nasilja u obitelji u kojima su primjenjivani ovi instituti. Iako je riječ o relativno malom broju slučajeva primjene spomenutih instituta, rezultati istraživanja dobiveni analizom policijskih predmeta upućuju na površnost provođenja izvida u pojedinim slučajevima nasilja u obitelji, nepravilnu primjenu zakonskih ovlasti te nedostatan stupanj kontrole i nadzora, što dovodi do pogrešaka kod donošenja odluke o nepodnošenju optužnog prijedloga, a u nekim slučajevima i kvalificiranja kažnjive radnje. Na temelju spoznaja dobivenih istraživanjem aktualnog zakonodavnog okvira i policijskog postupanja, dani su prijedlozi izmjena prekršajne zakonske regulative, intenziviranja edukacija policijskih službenika na svim razinama te unaprjeđenja sustava nadzora i kontrole rada policijskih službenika, sa svrhom adekvatne i zakonite zaštite žrtava prekršaja obiteljskog nasilja.
Boks
kao element policijskog treninga
Authors: Biletić Ivica
Published: December 2023

S obzirom na to da je policijski posao zahtjevan, rizičan i opasan te da nosi određene izazove, policijski službenici uvijek moraju biti kondicijski spremni i imati zavidnu razinu znanja o određenim borilačkim sportovima i vještinama. Rad prikazuje kako je boks iznimno važan za samoobranu policijskih službenika, opću kondicijsku pripremljenost i za specijalističku obuku policijskih službenika. Tjelesne aktivnosti u policiji provode se radi unaprjeđenja zdravlja i radne učinkovitosti. Programi općeg i specijalističkog policijskog treninga sastoje se od elemenataraznih borilačkih sportova, vještina, policijske samoobrane, vezivanja i zahvata za privođenje. Boks kao olimpijski sport i jedan od najstarijih borilačkih sportova, ključna je sastavnica izvedbenih programa policijskog treninga svih rodova policije, a djelomično je upotrebljiv u obavljanju policijskih poslova i izvršavanju policijskih zadaća. Poznavanje osnovnih elemenataboksa policijskim službenicima može uvelike poslužiti kao sredstvo policijskog treninga kojem je cilj razvijati, odnosno povećati kondicijske sposobnosti i samopouzdanje policijskih službenika. S obzirom na brutalnost i opasnost, boksački udarci mogu se koristiti isključivo u tijelo napadača, a nikako u glavu i vrat, kako ne bi došlo do teških tjelesnih ozljeda. Boksački udarci, boksačka kretanja i obrane važni su elementi samoobrane i moraju imati prioritetno mjesto u obuci policijskih službenika. Stoga se predlaže povećanje broja sati obuke boksa u službenom programu općeg i specijalnog policijskog treninga, posebno kao elementa samoobrane te uvođenje u policijski trening onih elemenata koji su uporabljivi u obavljanju policijskih poslova,a uopće se ne obučavaju.
Еда для снижения уровня холестерина
Authors: Елисеева Татьяна  , Ткачева Наталья
Published: December 2023

Мода на здоровый образ жизни неуклонно растет с каждым годом. Все чаще люди задумываются и о пользе регулярных физических нагрузок, и о качестве своего питания. Неотъемлемой составляющей его и является потребление особых продуктов, способных нормализовать уровень холестерина в крови.

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Еда против паразитов
Authors: Ткачева Наталья  , Елисеева Татьяна
Published: December 2023

В это сложно поверить, но головные боли, частые простуды, депрессия, снижение либидо, банальная сыпь и даже перхоть на деле могут оказаться следствием попадания в организм гельминтов, или паразитических червей. Причем вывести их в отдельных случаях не так уж легко. Именно поэтому специалисты по питанию рекомендуют регулярно употреблять противопаразитарные продукты для профилактики и лечения гельминтоза. Тем более что большинство из них всегда есть под рукой.

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Еда для успокоения нервов
Authors: Ткачева Наталья  , Елисеева Татьяна
Published: December 2023

На состояние нервной системы оказывают непосредственное влияние вещества, которые поступают в организм человека вместе с продуктами питания. Тщательно изучив их, ученые представили перечень витаминов, микроэлементов и органических соединений, употребление которых позволит успокоить нервную систему самым безопасным и естественным способом.

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Еда для детей
Authors: Ткачева Наталья
Published: December 2023

Говорят, что профессия родителей самая тяжелая в мире. И с этим сложно не согласиться. Ведь на их плечи в одночасье ложится целый ряд проблем, каждая из которых кажется страшнее предыдущих. Успех их решения зачастую зависит от опыта и имеющихся знаний в области медицины, диетологии, педагогики, этики и других наук, а результат напрямую влияет на будущее малыша. И все это на постоянной основе без перерывов и выходных. Чтобы как-то облегчить этот нелегкий труд, мы и собрали рекомендации известных практикующих специалистов по детскому питанию.

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Еда при половом созревании
Authors: Елисеева Татьяна  , Ткачева Наталья
Published: December 2023

Вопросами питания при половом созревании интересуются и сами подростки, и их родители. Чаще всего это объясняется желанием первых избавиться от проблем с фигурой, которые могут возникать в этот период, и желанием вторых искренне помочь своим детям безболезненно его пережить.

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Comparación Placas de Titanio vs. Placas Reabsorbibles en Fracturas de Orbita: Revisión de Literatura
Authors: Costales Reyes María Raquel , Mora Astorga María Viviana
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Los tratamientos para fracturas de órbita se basan en la corrección del defecto de las lesiones orbitarias de tipo blow in y blow out (o de estallido), mediante diversas placas y mallas biocompatibles con el organismo, dándose una cicatrización de primera generación evitando un callo óseo y una fijación más rígida. Para el diagnóstico de este tipo de lesiones tenemos inflamación periorbitaria, enoftalmos, diplopía, equimosis, hemorragia subconjuntival. Existen diversos materiales reconstructivos siendo estos compuestos por distintas materias primas, como son los aloplásticos y autógenos; donde encontramos varios tipos como placas de titanio y las placas reabsorbibles siendo estas las más comunes y usadas actualmente, por su bajo estímulo a reabsorciones óseas y evitando efectos secundarios a largo plazo. Estas placas presentan diversos grados de ductilidad y resistencia. Se informó sobre varias complicaciones según el tipo de placas como es la cicatrización, las cirugías postquirúrgicas en caso de placas de titanio, etc. El objetivo de esta revisión es la evaluación de la eficacia las placas reabsorbibles versus placas de titanio en fracturas de órbita. Materiales y métodos: la investigación es de carácter documental, descriptivo y no experimental. En el cual se emplea una metodología de identificación e inclusión de artículos científicos tipo prisma. Resultados y conclusiones: Se verificaron las ventajas y desventajas tanto de las placas reabsorbibles como las de titanio siendo estas similares en la biocompatibilidad con el organismo humano, así como también varias diferencias como el soporte, fuerzas, resistencia de estas, concluyendo que es debatible el material ideal para tratar fracturas de órbita. Se seleccionaron artículos tomando en cuenta el título y objetivos; considerando estudios comparativos, revisiones sistemáticas, revisiones de literatura, los cuales comprendían criterios con respecto a fracturas de órbita y tratamientos quirúrgicos. La búsqueda arrojó 55 artículos en PubMed, 65 en Google, 4 en Scielo y 29 en Science direct, de los cuales se excluyeron libros, monografías, estudios experimentales, dando como resultado 21 artículos para el desarrollo de esta revisión bibliográfica. Y que fueron leídos y analizados en su totalidad, estudiando los objetivos, metodología y conclusión de cada uno de ellos para la posterior comparación.
Comparación de prótesis removibles parciales y totales entregadas según sus características clínicas en el servicio de odontología del hospital nacional de geriatría y gerontología, en el período 1 de enero 2005 al 31 de diciembre 2008
Authors: Tijerino Navarro María Fernanda , Villalobos Alvarado Silvia Elena , Giralt Apéstegui Luis Diego , Vargas Quesada Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: comparar la cantidad y características de las prótesis dentales removibles parciales y totales, en el servicio de odontología del Hospital Nacional de Geriatría y Gerontología, en el periodo de tiempo comprendido del 1 de enero 2005 al 31 de diciembre 2008, equivalentes a 326 expedientes. Materiales y Métodos: Se tomó la base de datos del servicio de odontología de consulta externa especializada de los pacientes atendidos de los años 2005 al 2008, en los cuales se entregaron un total de 2786 prótesis dentales removibles. Materiales y métodos: con base en el dato anterior se seleccionó la muestra no aleatoria a conveniencia hasta alcanzar el tamaño de 599 prótesis entregadas, examinando 326 expedientes del periodo de enero del 2005 a diciembre del 2008, con un nivel de confianza de 99% y un error de muestreo de 0.0466. La recolección de datos se realizó por medio del programa Microsoft Excel donde se utilizó una tabla en la que se anotó el número de expediente, fecha de inicio y conclusión de prótesis, tipo de prótesis, cantidad y color de prótesis, edad, género y domicilio del paciente por distrito, cantón y provincia. El procesamiento se realizó por medio de estadística descriptiva utilizando cuadros y gráficos. Resultados: Se determinó que el mayor porcentaje de rango de edad de personas que solicitaron prótesis removibles fue de 62 a 65 años, independiente si eran prótesis totales o parciales, los pacientes que requirieron dos prótesis fueron 273 de 326., en su mayoría los pacientes solicitaron prótesis totales para un total de 372 de 599 prótesis entregadas. De la guía de color utilizada en el HRBC los colores más requeridos fueron los tonos claros blanco amarillentos que corresponde al número 62 y 65; de los expedientes analizados la mayoría de los pacientes residían en San José con un total de 200 pacientes. Conclusión: Se concluye que el mayor porcentaje de edentulismo que se presento es el edentulismo total con un 62%, la prótesis más utilizada es la prótesis total superior removible y en su mayoría los pacientes requieren dos prótesis, con respecto al color no es concluyente para este estudio debido a los datos no disponibles en los expedientes analizados.
Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat sebagai Langkah Pencegahan Diare pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Syifa' Nailis , Wardana Regita Pramesty Cahya , Wulandari Putri Teky , Ariesta Rossa , Rahmawati Fina Eka , Ifada Baiq Nurhaliza , Muhammad Izbikavik
Published: December 2023

PHBS is a set of behaviors that are practiced on the basis of awareness as an effort to be healthy and actively help the health of the surrounding environment. Clean and Healthy Behavior at an early age is important to to maintain personal and environmental health. Early childhood is also susceptible to infectious diseases such as flu and diarrhea if they do not maintain personal and surrounding hygiene. Diarrheal disease is often considered a trivial matter but if it is not addressed it can result in quite serious matters. Therefore, we conducted community services which aims to provide students knowledge and understanding about Clean and Healthy Behavior and diarrheal diseases which often attack children at Muhammadiyah 1 Malang Elementary School students. The implementation method is carried out by counseling using power point media and videos. In the initial activity, a question-and-answer session was carried out, then giving educational material, showing educational videos, then evaluating it with a posttest.
Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani Jamur Tiram dengan Menghasilkan Produk Olahan di Desa Dukuh Kecamatan Banyudono, Boyolali
Authors: Lamidi  , Rahadhini Marjam Desma
Published: December 2023

At this time mushroom producers have sprung up everywhere, both oyster mushroom businesses, ear mushrooms, and so on. This is due to increased public awareness of the need for mushroom consumption, along with public understanding of the nutritional benefits it contains. This Community Service Program was carried out in Dukuh Gurung RT 11 / RW 03, Dukuh Village, with an oyster mushroom business partner, Mr. Surya Dahono Aji. The large amount of oyster mushroom production is not processed independently, the mushroom production is taken by vegetable traders. Business management still uses household business management. The purpose of this empowerment is to provide counseling and assistance on various processed oyster mushrooms. The implementation of activities by doing several stages, namely providing counseling to oyster mushroom business owners, stage 1 assistance, namely processed oyster mushroom products and stage 2 assistance, namely making simple financial reports. After this empowerment event, it is expected that there will be progress in understanding oyster mushroom processing.
Reviews and responses for A First Look at Leveraging the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract Protocol for Open Aviation Research
Authors: Arts Emy , Lovell David , Xapelli Marc , Lüscher Tobias , Tresoldi Giorgio , Lenders Vincent , Strohmeier Martin
Published: December 2023

See detailed reviews and responses in the PDF file.
DOI for the original paper: https://doi.org/10.59490/joas.2023.7229
Mišljenje učitelja o ocjenjivanju u osnovnoj školi
Authors: Vidić Tomislava , Miljković Dubravka
Published: December 2023

Prema podatcima Ministarstva znanosti i obrazovanja, na kraju školske godine2021./2022. čak 58,59 % osnovnoškolskih učenika završilo je razred sodličnim uspjehom, a njih 24,27 % s prosjekom 5,0. S obzirom na to da jeocjena pet (5) najviša ocjena u hrvatskim školama, je li opravdano zaključitikako su nove generacije puno uspješnije i pametnije od prošlih? Ili je inflacijaodlikaša posljedica neučinkovitog ocjenjivanja znanja učenika te različitih pritisakakoje doživljavaju učitelji tijekom rada?Istraživanje je provedeno anketiranjem 558 učitelja osnovne škole u RepubliciHrvatskoj. Anketni upitnik sastojao se od 22 tvrdnje kojima se ispitalo kakoučitelji opažaju promjene u ocjenjivanju, ozračju, doživljenim pritiscima te vlastitojedukaciji o ocjenjivanju. Rezultati pokazuju da učitelji opažaju promjeneu načinu i kriterijima ocjenjivanja, smatraju da današnji učenici uz malo trudamogu postići odlične ocjene te općenito osjećaju pritiske okoline zbog ocjenjivanja.Većina ispitivanih učitelja smatra da će u slučaju žalbe roditelja učenikazbog slabije ocjene, nadležne institucije stati na stranu roditelja. Isto tako,smatraju da učitelji koji ocjenjuju uglavnom visokim ocjenama imaju manjeproblema na poslu. Rezultati su pokazali nisku razinu zadovoljstva učiteljaprovedenim edukacijama o ocjenjivanju. Nisu utvrđene statistički značajnerazlike među učiteljima s obzirom na radno mjesto i radno iskustvo. Većina ispitivanih učitelja smatra da bi uvođenje vanjskog vrednovanja doprinijeloobjektivnijem ocjenjivanju znanja i vještina učenika.
Vrednovanje učinaka projektne nastave povijesti na interese, afinitete i znanje učenika osnovne škole
Authors: Šarunić Duša , Burić Marcel , Milas Goran
Published: December 2023

Projektna je nastava obećavajuća strategija poučavanja koja ima potencijal daučenike osposobi znanjima i vještinama 21. stoljeća. Takav je oblik nastaveusmjeren prema kritičkom mišljenju i rješavanju problema, u većoj mjeri uključujeučenike i rezultira kvalitetnijim znanjem. Vrednovanje projektne nastaveiz područja povijesti obavljeno je kombinacijom kvantitativne i kvalitativnemetodologije. Proveden je kvazi-eksperiment na 144 učenika petog i šestograzreda osnovne škole u školskim godinama 2014./15. i 2015./16. na redovnojnastavi Povijesti i Likovne kulture. Eksperimentalna grupa sudjelovala je uprojektnoj nastavi koja je uključivala aktivne učeničke radionice i terensku nastavu,dok je kontrolna grupa učila prema tradicionalnom nastavnom modeluu kojem je poučavanje najvećim dijelom počivalo na učiteljevom verbalnomprenošenju znanja. Po završetku programa grupa koja je pohađala projektnunastavu imala je snažnije interese i afinitete prema povijesti i arheološkoj baštini (tpeti razredi = 2,47; p < 0,05) (tšesti razredi = 2,15; p < 0,05).Znanje eksperimentalne grupe bilo je značajno bolje nakon petog razreda (t= 2,12; p < 0,05), dok je nakon šestog razreda razlika bila neznačajna (t =1,63; p = 0,11). Kvalitativni dio istraživanja pokazao je da projektna nastavau većoj mjeri pridonosi učeničkoj motivaciji i angažmanu.
Different Effects of Regulatory Genes (tat, nef) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in vitro
Authors:   Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Grivennikov Igor A. , Manuilova E.S. , Arsenyeva E.L. , Khaidarova N.V. , Shugurova I.M. , Inozemtseva L.S. , Tarantul V.Z.
Published: December 2023

To examine the effects of the tat and nef regulatory genes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) on cell differentiation we used the mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) as a model. Proliferation, embryoid bodies (EB) formation and subsequent differentiation into cardiomyocytes, glial and neuronal cells were investigated in ESC lines transfected with these genes. It has been shown that the transfection of ESC by the tat gene increased their proliferating activity, whereas the nef genetransfected ESC showed its decrease. The number of embryoid bodies formed was higher in the cultures of ESC transfected by the nef and lower in the cells transfected by the tat in comparison with controls. The percentage of embryoid bodies with contracting cardiomyocytes was higher against control in the nef transfected cells and lower in ESC transfected with the tat. There were no reliable differences in the appearance of glial cells between control and the nef and tat transfected cell lines. Spontaneous differentiation of ESC into neuronal cells was almost not observed in the nef transfected cells, in contrast to control and the tat transfected cells. However, addition of retinoic acid (RA) to the nef transfected cells caused even a slight increase in neuron formation as compared to control ESC treated with RA. Thus, for the first time we have shown that the tat and nef regulatory genes of HIV-1 had a visible effect on proliferation of ESC and some first steps of their differentiation. In general, the reverse correlation between the effects of these two viral genes on ESC proliferation and differentiation were observed.
Free Radicals, Antioxidants in Disease and Health
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Lucile Salter Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA, Pham-Huy Lien Ai , He Hua ,   Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China, Pham-Huyc Chuong ,   Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris 5, Paris, France
Published: December 2023

Free radicals and oxidants play a dual role as both toxic and beneficial compounds, since they can be either harmful or helpful to the body. They are produced either from normal cell metabolisms in situ or from external sources (pollution, cigarette smoke, radiation, medication). When an overload of free radicals cannot gradually be destroyed, their accumulation in the body generates a phenomenon called oxidative stress. This process plays a major part in the development of chronic and degenerative illness such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, aging, cataract, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The human body has several mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress by producing antioxidants, which are either naturally produced in situ, or externally supplied through foods and/or supplements. This mini-review deals with the taxonomy, the mechanisms of formation and catabolism of the free radicals, it examines their beneficial and deleterious effects on cellular activities, it highlights the potential role of the antioxidants in preventing and repairing damages caused by oxidative stress, and it discusses the antioxidant supplementation in health maintenance.
Changes in Mice Brain Spontaneous Electrical Activity during Cortical Spreading Depression due to Mobile Phone Radiation
Authors:   Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt, Mohamed Ehab I. , Sallam Samera M. , Dawood Abdel-Fattah B. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Benha, Benha, Egypt
Published: December 2023

The objective of the present study was to investigate changes in spontaneous EEG activity during cortical spreading depression (CSD) in mice brain. The cortical region of anaesthetized mice were exposed to the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from a mobile phone (MP, 935.2 - 960.2 MHz, 41.8 mW/cm2). The effect of EMFs on EEG was investigated before and after exposure to different stimuli (MP, 2% KCl, and MP & 2% KCl). The records of brain spontaneous EEG activity, slow potential changes (SPC), and spindle shaped firings were obtained through an interfaced computer. The results showed increases in the amplitude of evoked spindles by about 87%, 17%, and 226% for MP, 2% KCl, and MP & 2% KCl; respectively, as compared to values for the control group. These results showed that the evoked spindle is a more sensitive indicator of the effect of exposure to EMFs from MP.
Quantitative Determination of Pravastatin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria, Ashour Safwan , Nakshbandi Husni , Omar Soulafa
Published: December 2023

A simple, sensitive and precise high-performance liquid chromatographic formulations assay for pravastatin (PVS) is described. Good chromatographic separation was achieved using a Teknokroma C8 (5 mm, 25 cm × 4.6 mm) column and a mobile phase consisting of 10mMammonium acetate: methanol: triethylamine (40:60:0.17 v/v/v) while at a flow-rate of 1.0 mL min-1. PVS was detected at 239 nm and was eluted 2.15 min after injection. No endogenous substances were found to interfere. No internal standard was required. Linearity range for PVS was 0.4-1000 mg mL-1. The determination of intra- and inter-day precision (RSD) was less than 2.94 and 2.97%, at all concentration levels. Statistical treatment of the experimental results indicates that the method is precise and accurate. The proposed method was applied to the determination of the component in commercial tablets with no interference from the excipients. A comparative study between the suggested procedure and the pharmacopoeial method for this compound in the tablets showed no significant difference between the two methods.
Utility of Vascular Endothelial Specific Peptides for Enhancement of Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Gene Transfer
Authors:   Cardiovascular Research, St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA, Aikawa Ryuichi , Merchan Juan A. , Dean Jarrod , Azpurua Federico , Sen Sabyasachi , Zhu Yan
Published: December 2023

Vascular endothelial cells (EC) have been targeted for the treatment of pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, post-angioplasty restenosis and hypertension. Non-pathogenic adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been shown as a good gene delivery tool in a variety of cell lines as well as in animal models. However, AAV has been reported to induce less endothelial cell transduction. AAV vector alone transduced HUVEC much lower than other cell lines including Hela, PAC1, and C2C12. Preincubation of AAV vector with EC membrane specific peptides markedly increased AAV transduction of HUVEC. On the contrary, those peptides did not affect AAV expression in other cell types. These EC-specific peptides may be a strategy for enhancement of AAV mediated-gene expression.
Potential Antigen Targets of CAR T-cell Therapy in Gastric Cancer
Authors:   Hunter College High School, 71 E 94th St, New York, NY 10128, USA, Wang Alison , Zhang Tina ,   Eleanor Roosevelt high school, 7447 Scholar Way, Eastvale, CA 92880, USA
Published: December 2023

Gastric cancer, or stomach cancer, is one of the most common and deadliest forms of cancer, killing approximately 770,000 people in the world annually. The efficacies of traditional cancer therapies, such as surgical treatment, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, are limited: however, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy was recently developed as a groundbreaking approach to cancer treatment, genetically modifying a patient’s own T cells to express a CAR on the T cell surface in order to recognize specific tumor-associated antigens present on cancer cells. Significant efforts have been made to develop CAR T-cell therapies to treat solid tumors including gastric cancer in recent years. In this review, we summarize recent progress on CAR T-cell therapies for gastric cancer and focus on the most important targets for CAR T-cell immunotherapy in the context of gastric cancer. Finally, we discuss future directions of CAR T-cell therapies for gastric cancer.