bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RIGHT TO OPT-OUT: Análise crítica do instituto e sua necessária limitação.
Authors: Mazzoni Welsch Gisele , Moreira Matheus
Published: November 2021

Taking into consideration the inefficiency of the Judicial Branch in dealing with an endless amount of procedures, the slowness of the jurisdictional response becomes more evident. Therefore, to guarantee the procedural celerity and the access to justice in its substantial dimension, the rationalization of the jurisdicional activity becomes an indispensable point. Considering that the collective tutelage is an instrument capable of reducing the repeated litigation, the microsystem procedure deserves a constant improvement and optimization. Thus, planning on using the benefits that the collective tutelage offer to the judicial system, the article offers an analysis of the right to opt-out, the critics to the institute, and the advocacy of its limitation, highlighting the constitutionality of this eventual restriction.
El Barroco y lo barroco en la filosofía contemporánea: problemas y pers-pectivas
Authors: Martínez Matías Paloma
Published: November 2021

El Barroco y lo barroco en la filosofía contemporánea: problemas y perspectivas
Impact of Environmental Concerns on Environmental Attitudes among University Employees
Authors: Mustafa Fatima , Zia Saadia , Khizar Umbreen
Published: November 2021

The ecosystem of the world required immediate and effective actions against environmental threats. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of environmental concerns on environmental attitudes. This is a quantitative study using a correlational design. The target population was the employees of the Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan. The sample size was 107 employees from the Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan. Instruments for collecting data were the Environmental concern scale (Diekmann & Preisendörfer, 2003) and Environmental Attitude (Dunlap, Van Liere, Mertig, & Jones, 2000). Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23) was used to analyze data. The environmental concerns and environmental attitudes are positively correlated. Regression analysis shows a positive significant impact of environmental concerns on environmental attitudes up to 22%. There is no significant difference between genders of respondents (male, female) on environmental concerns while the significant difference is reported between genders concerning environmental attitudes. A better understanding of the beliefs and attitudes of individuals is recommended for effective eco-friendly behavior and activities.
Território da afetividade: a importância dos sentimentos e emoções na formação humana
Authors: Santos Sheila Daniela Medeiros dos , Lopes Larissa de Carvalho , Feitosa Nayara Oliveira , Santos Evelin Geordana Rodrigues dos , Andrade Débora Damacena de
Published: November 2021

A afetividade, fundamental à formação humana e à consciência crítica, tem sido suprimida da educação escolar e não escolar. Diante disso, o presente trabalho relata uma experiência que parte do projeto de extensão “História meio ao contrário… Literatura Infantil, Consciência Crítica e Formação Humana no Centro de Trabalho Comunitário”. Tem por objetivo problematizar a temática afetividade, utilizando livros infantis que se localizavam diametralmente opostos aos livros de autoajuda para crianças. Empreendeu-se quatro encontros com crianças e adolescentes trabalhando esse propósito, ancorados na Psicologia histórico-cultural. Foi possível nomear e vivenciar sentimentos e emoções e compreender a importância destes para a humanização. Além disso, visualizou-se a afetividade enquanto um processo histórico-cultural, concluindo-se como entendimento indispensável ao tratar a educação como prática eticamente compromissada.
Correlation between the liquid limit of clay derived by the Vasiliev and Casagrande test methods
Authors: Tchakalova Boriana , Berov Boyko
Published: November 2021

The liquid limit is one of the most commonly used index properties of soils. The paper compares liquid limit values determined by the Vasiliev cone penetrometer method and by the Casagrande cup method, based on 45 natural clay samples collected from the Kozloduy Town area (North Bulgaria). An empirical correlation based on these liquid limit results has been derived.
Persepsi guru IPA mengenai pemanfaatan barang di sekitar rumah dalam pembelajaran IPA selama masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Latip Abdul , Nurfajriah Diana , Fasya Riana
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan persepsi guru IPA mengenai pemanfaatan barang di Sekitar Rumah dalam pembelajaran IPA pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 72 guru IPA di Kabupaten Garut yang melaksanakan pembelajaran IPA secara jarak jauh. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian kuisoner mengenai pemanfaatan barang di Sekitar rumah dalam pembelajaran IPA pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Hasil jawaban dari kuisioner diolah secara kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, 1) Sebanyak 48,61% guru IPA menyatakan melaksnakan pembelajaran IPA dengan memanfaatkan barang yang terdapat di sekitar rumah dengan intensitas sering dan kadang-kadang. 2) Sebanyak 52,78% guru menggunakan barang di sekitar rumah berjenis barang bekas yang sudah tidak termanfaatkan untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA, dan 3) Sebanyak 50% guru IPA menyatakan kendala yang dihadapi dalam mengemas pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan barang di sekitar rumah berkaitan dengan ketersediaan waktu yang tidak memadai. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa guru IPA sudah banyak yang memanfaatkan barang di sekitar rumah dalam pembelajaran IPA selama masa pandemi covid-19, namun demikian guru IPA pun masih mengalami kendala dalam ketersediaan waktu dalam pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan barang di sekitar rumah.
ANALISIS TROUBLESHOOTING SISTEM AC PADA MOBIL TOYOTA GREAT COROLLA TIPE 4A-FE
Authors: Anugrah Rinasa Agistya , Pamungkas Irfan Ari
Published: November 2021

Sistem AC pada kendaraan merupakan suatu sistem yang penting dalam kendaraan khususnya mobil. Menjaga kenyamanan pengendara dan penumpang adalah fungsi dari sistem ini. Pemakaian dalam jangka yang lama menyebabkan perlu adanya monitoring dan perbaikan pada sistem tersebut. Terlebih lagi kasus Sistem AC yang terdapat pada Mobil Toyota Great Corolla Tipe 4A-FE yang notabene adalah mobil lawas keluaran tahun 1994 – 1996. Perawatan (maintenance) dan perbaikan (service) adalah metode yang digunakan dalam menangani masalah menurunnya atau rusaknya Sistem AC pada kendaraan. Tentunya langkah perawatan dan perbaikan harus dilakukan dengan kaidah troubleshooting yang benar. Dalam troubleshooting ada istilah diagnosis, yaitu langkah penemuan gejala kerusakan jika ada dan penentuan pemeriksaan untuk menemukan solusi permasalahan yang ada. Pemerikasaan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan memeriksa komponen – komponen utama dalam Sistem AC menggunakan alat ukur feeler gauge pada kompresor dan multimeter pada kopling magnetik serta evaporator apakah masih berfungsi normal sesuai standar yang ada di dalam buku manual pedoman perawatan dan perbaikan Sistem AC kendaraan. Setelah hal tersebut ditemukan, kemudian langkah perbaikan dapat dilaksanakan. Hasil nilai tahanan koil kopling magnetik diperoleh 3,9 Ohm dan celah kopling magnet diperoleh 0,5 mm. Hasil nilai tahanan pada instalasi blower pada tiga varian kecepatan yaitu posisi low 2,6 Ohm, posisi medium 0,7 Ohm, dan posisi high 0 Ohm sedangkan nilai tahanan pada motor blower sebesar 4 Ohm. Hasil pengukuran diperoleh masih dalam batas servis atau masih dalam rentang standar berdasarkan buku manual Toyota Great Corolla Tipe 4A-FE. Oleh karena itu tidak ditemukan permasalahan pada sistem AC tersebut dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi sistem AC pada Mobil Toyota Great Corolla Tipe 4A-FE tersebut masih dalam kondisi normal dan layak untuk digunakan. Tidak dilakukan langkah perbaikan pada Sistem AC ini hanya saja dilakukan perawatan berkala untuk memastikan semua komponen dalam kondisi normal.
Smoking Family Members In The House As Factor Risk Of Pneumonia Events In Children In Puskesmas Papanggo North Jakarta, In 2019
Authors: Hasbye Hasadiki Muhammad
Published: November 2021

The incidence of pneumonia in children under five in the district health center in Papuan, North Jakarta, has increased from 2017-2018 to 156 cases. The purpose of this study was to study and explain smoking as a factor in the incidence of pneumonia in infants. This research is a quantitative study using case control design. The sample consisted of 204 respondents consisting of 68 cases namely toddlers with pneumonia and 136 controls without pneumonia. Analysis of the data used is, univariate, bivariate, chi square, and multivariate using multiple logistic regression. The results of this study showed that most of the toddlers are <12 months of age by 35.3%, male sex 51.5%, underweight nutritional status by 85.3%, toddlers with BLB <2500 grams by 20.6% , exclusive breastfeeding was not given for 22.1%, measles immunization was never 27.9%, incomplete DPT immunization was 5.9%, maternal knowledge was less than 79.4%, maternal education was low by 57.4%, mothers work by 16.2%, Density of occupancy is not standard 42.6%, have used mosquito repellent 67.6%, there are family members smoking 61.8%, there is a history of asthma of 64.7%, who do not use health insurance by 33.8%. Keywords:, smoking family members, toddlers, factors of incidence of pneumonia,
Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography- A Review
Authors: Sri K. Bhavya , Shailaja G. Sri Vani , Sumakanth Mogili.
Published: November 2021

The birth of two-dimensional gas chromatography is assumed to be the ninetieth year of the last century. Two-dimensional gas chromatography is a rapidly developing analytical technique. GCxGC is a truly hyphenated chromatographic technique which employs a pair of GC column. GCxGC analyses, such as the identification of trace compounds that would not be perceived by 1D-GC. The use of 2D-GC compared to that of 1D-GC has been discussed. The paper presents the introduction, principle of operation, working, uses, application, case studies has been discussed.
Nhận thức, thái độ của sinh viên Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp về người đồng tính
Authors: Trần Kim Ngọc
Published: November 2021

Cuộc khảo sát được tiến hành vào tháng 01/2017 với phương pháp thu thập thông tin định lượng dựa vào bảng câu hỏi được thiết kế sẵn, kết hợp với phỏng vấn sâu một vài trường hợp điển hình. Kết quả cho thấy, mặc dù là tầng lớp trí thức trẻ nhưng vẫn còn một bộ phận sinh viên giữ nhận thức sai lệch về người đồng tính, dẫn đến thái độ kỳ thị, giễu cợt đối với những bạn bè là người đồng tính. Những điều này có thể gây nên những khó khăn, trở ngại trong học tập, hòa nhập và phát triển năng lực của người đồng tính trong môi trường đại học.
Tổng hợp hydrotanxit Mg/Al làm xúc tác cho phản ứng ngưng tụ andol giữa axeton và benzandehit
Authors: Bùi Thị Minh Nguyệt
Published: November 2021

Hydrotanxit Mg/Al với tỷ lệ Al/(Al + Mg) khác nhau đã được điều chế thành công bằng phương pháp đồng kết tủa và được xác định bởi các phương pháp: phân tích nhiệt, nhiễu xạ tia X và BET. Nghiên cứu cho thấy, vật liệu hydrotanxit Mg/Al thu được là đơn pha hydrotanxit và có dạng mao quản trung bình (diện tích bề mặt 284 m2/g và bán kính mao quản khoảng 46 Å). Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu còn cho thấy vật liệu hydrotanxit Mg/Al ở tỷ lệ Al/(Al + Mg) = 0,30 có khả năng xúc tác cao nhất cho quá trình ngưng tụ andol giữa axeton và benzandehit, trong điều kiện khảo sát, benzandehit gần như được chuyển hóa hoàn toàn sau 120 phút phản ứng.
Khảo sát độc tính và khả năng bảo vệ gan của cao chiết methanol lá một số thực vật trên dòng tế bào HepG2
Authors: Trần Thanh Mến , Nguyễn Đình Hải Yến , Đái Thị Xuân Trang
Published: November 2021

Nghiên cứu tập trung vào việc khảo sát khả năng bảo vệ gan của các cao chiết methanol lá cây Vọng cách (Premna serratifolia L.), lá Mơ lông (Paederia lanuginosa) và lá Mơ leo (Paederia scandens) trên dòng tế bào HepG2. Các thí nghiệm đánh giá độc tính và khả năng bảo vệ gan chống lại sự tổn thương do CCl4 gây ra của các cao chiết được thực hiện bằng phương pháp xác định mật số tế bào sống sử dụng bộ Kit CCK8. Dòng tế bào gan HepG2 được gây tổn thương bởi CCl4 (1%) và được bổ sung cao methanol lá cây Vọng cách, lá mơ Mơ lông và lá Mơ leo. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, các cao chiết không gây độc tính cho tế bào HepG2 ở nồng độ 500 µg/mL. Bên cạnh đó, thí nghiệm còn chứng minh cao chiết methanol lá Vọng cách và lá Mơ lông có hiệu quả trong việc bảo vệ tế bào gan kháng lại độc tính gây ra bởi CCl4 trên dòng tế bào HepG2.
HİZMETKÂR LİDERLİK: MEVLÂNÂ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: OKAN Nihan
Published: November 2021

Liderlik araştırmacıların üzerinde çok çalıştığı, farklı tanımları olan çok yönlü sosyal bir olgudur. Liderlikle ilgili çalışmalarda tarihte iz bırakmış liderler incelenmiş ve liderlikle ilgili farklı yaklaşımlar olduğu saptanmıştır. Hizmetkâr liderlik yaklaşımı bu çalışmalar arasında dikkat çekmektedir. Bu araştırma literatür tarama modelinde betimsel bir içerik arz etmektedir. Araştırmada; hizmetkârlık kavramını, hizmetkâr liderlik yaklaşımının tarihçesini, hizmetkâr liderliğin tanımını, boyutlarını, hizmetkâr liderde bulunması gereken temel özellikler ile Mevlânâ’nın eğitimci yönü ve karakteristik özelliklerini incelemek ve bunları hizmetkâr liderlik yaklaşımıyla ilişkilendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; Mevlânâ’nın hizmetkâr liderlik özellikleri taşıdığı söylenebilir.
Attrition of human trafficking and slavery cases through the Australian criminal justice system
Authors: Lyneham Samantha
Published: November 2021

Police and prosecutors face a range of challenges while investigating, prosecuting and, ultimately, attempting to secure a conviction for human trafficking and slavery offences in Australia. In this study, investigation and prosecution data were analysed to chart the progression of matters and identify reasons for attrition. Analysis revealed an overall prosecution attrition rate of 73 percent. Attrition was most evident during the initial phases of prosecution, when the decision to lay charges was being considered. However, there was a 60 percent chance of conviction as a result of the defendant either pleading or being found guilty. Defendants were more likely to be convicted for ancillary charges (eg migration offences) than the most serious charges of human trafficking and slavery. The prosecution attrition rate for the most serious charges was 80 percent, compared to 54 percent for lesser charges.
Investigation of Empathy Skills and Moral Decision-Making Attitudes in Athlete Students in Terms of Some Variables
Authors: Turan Serhat , Çirmi Ercan
Published: November 2021

It is observed that the appearance of aggression and violent anti-social behavior in sports contradicts the Olimpia culture inherent in sports. Therefore, this research was conducted in order to reveal the causes and consequences of negative behaviors observed in sports, to examine the empathy skills and moral decision-making attitudes of athletes in terms of different variables. The research was arranged by the screening survey model. A total of 319 athletes, 180 men, and 139 women, engaged in individual and team sports in the city where the research was conducted, voluntarily participated in this research. Personal information form, “Prediction in Sports and Empathy in Sports” and “Attitudes to Moral Decision-making in Youth Sport Questionnaire” were applied to the participants. In the analysis of the data, the Manova test and the LSD test were used to determine the source of the difference. As a result of the research, while a significant difference was found in favor of men in terms of gender in empathy skills(p < .05); there was not found a significant difference in terms of sports branch and sports year(p > .05). In terms of the sports year variable, the moral decision-making attitude scores of individuals who have just started sports (0-2 years) compared to individuals who have been doing sports for a long time(9+ years) were found to be higher and this result was found to indicate a statistically significant difference(p < .05). There was not found a significant difference in moral decision-making attitudes scores in terms of sports year and gender.
3D-Cephalometric Analysis based on afferent sense
Authors: Polzar Gerhard , Hornung Frank
Published: November 2021

The new benchmarks to determine the human skull precisely in 3D for the investigation of anatomic symmetry and asymmetry to verify the sagittal midline plane reference.
Outcome and Complications of Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage: Influence of Liver Entry Site
Authors: Kumar Vicky , Sattar Amjad , Qamari Nauman Al , Adel Hatem , Sadiq Muneer
Published: November 2021

Objective: To determine the outcome and complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) performed via right lobe and left lobe duct puncture. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Interventional Radiology, Dow Institute of Radiology, Dow University of Health Sciences from July 2020 to March 2021. Methodology: Both adult male and female patients with obstructive jaundice having dilated intrahepatic biliary ducts on ultrasound were included. PTBD was performed under ultrasound guidance. Following intrahepatic biliary duct puncture, a guide wire was inserted followed by placement of 8 Fr or 10 Fr pigtail drainage catheter. Total bilirubin level was measured before and one day after the procedure. Cholangiogram was performed 48 hours after the procedure to check the drain placement and residual dilatation. Results: 130 patients were included with mean age of 55.3 ± 12.3 years. Success rate was same in patients with right and left lobe puncture i.e. 96.9%. The frequency of complication in right lobe puncture was higher (37.5%). Mean procedure time was significantly higher in patients who developed complications (75.92 ± 19.20 minutes) as well as mean exposure time was also significantly higher in patients who developed complications (12.00 ± 6.87 minutes) as compared to patients who did not develop any complication (8.08 ± 3.43 minutes) (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the success rate in right and left lobe puncture was equal and complication rate in right lobe puncture was observed to be high as compared to left lobe puncture. Keywords: Biliary drainage, Complications, Effect, Liver
Frequency and Severity of Thrombocytopenia with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Ghaffar Haseeb , Ahmad Murad , Afzal Akram
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim: Thrombocytopenia is a major complication of liver disease that impairs liver cirrhosis treatment by restraining administrative therapy and surgical or diagnostic planning delaying which in turn increases the bleeding risk. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency and severity of thrombocytopenia in liver cirrhosis patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 88 liver cirrhosis patients in the department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from November 2020 to June 2021. Individuals with cirrhosis disease were evaluated for the severity of thrombocytopenia. All the cirrhosis patients with age>14 years of either gender were enrolled while aplastic anemia cases, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, drug therapy patients, osteopetrosis, cases of repeated blood or platelet transfusion history, myelodysplastic syndrome, and refusal to informed consent were all excluded. The demographic details, clinical examination, and treatment plan were assessed. A platelet count test was performed on all cirrhosis patients. Thrombocytopenia severity was divided into three categories: mild thrombocytopenia (50,000/l), moderate thrombocytopenia (20,000/l), and severe thrombocytopenia (10,000/l). SPSS version 20 was used for descriptive analysis. Results: Of the total 88 cirrhosis patients, 62 (70.5%) were male and 26 (29.5%) were females. All the cirrhosis patients were assessed for thrombocytopenia. The overall mean age was 39.41±11.56 years. Out of 88 cirrhosis patients, the prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 63 (71.2%). Of the 63 thrombocytopenia diagnosed cirrhosis patients, 41 (65%) were male and 22 (35%) were females. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe thrombocytopenia was 21 (33.3%), 23 (36.5%), and 19 (30.2%) respectively. Conclusion: Our study concluded that thrombocytopenia prevalence was 71.2% in liver cirrhosis patients. The assessment and monitoring of platelet count identified the thrombocytopenia among liver cirrhosis. Moreover, the severity of bleeding episode that might cause fatality were reduced. Keywords: Thrombocytopenia; Liver Cirrhosis; Severity; Platelet
Synthesis and antitumor activities of novel Mannich base derivatives derived from natural flavonoids
Authors: Bhatti Huma , Rubina Rubina , Rashid Faisal , Zaib Sumera , Iqbal Jamshed , Hameed Abdul
Published: November 2021

In our current study, a series of reactions with isolated natural flavonoids (2-phenylchromen-4-one) and flavanone (2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one) through Mannich base was carried out by a one-pot three-component reaction. Their structure-activity relationship study (SAR) reveals the anticancer activity of natural compounds and their Mannich bases. The flavones were substituted by imine at position C-8, while in the flavanones, the reaction takes place at positions C-8 and C-3. Spectroscopic techniques characterized all the isolated and newly synthesized derivatives. Anticancer activity was checked on HeLa and MCF-7 (cancer cell lines) and BHK-21 (normal cell line). Using propidium iodide (PI) and DAPI staining as fluorescence microscopic imaging was confirmed the Apoptotic effect of potent compound. Further, it was evaluated by cell cycle analysis through flow-cytometry, reactive oxygen species and lactate dehydrogenase production. The caspase-9 and -3 activity were estimated by mitochondrial membrane potential. Derivative of naringenin, ((2S)-4′,5,7-Trihydroxyflavan-4-one) where reactions occur at position C-3 were active than others.
Gross pathology of herons and egrets (family Ardeidae) at a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Northern California
Authors: Horgan Molly , Duerr Rebecca
Published: November 2021

Gross necropsies were performed on all herons and egrets (family Ardeidae) that died or were euthanized at a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Fairfield, California, over a six-week period in the summer of 2018 (n = 145). Of the animals necropsied, 108 (74.5%) were euthanized and 37 (25.5%) died. Common reasons for euthanasia were trauma (n = 24), MBD (n = 39) and non-specific signs such as hypothermia and obtundation that persisted in the face of medical and supportive care (n = 32). MBD was found both in birds at admission (n = 9) and later in care (n = 34), despite calcium supplementation to correct calcium:phosphorus ratios of foods. Feeder fish were suspected to be deficient in vitamin D, and supplementation successfully reduced the development of this problem during the care later in the season. Nematodes of the genus Eustrongylides were found in the coelomic cavities of 43 (30%) birds. High burdens were often accompanied by coelomitis and abscessation involving internal organs. Visceral gout (n = 10) and intestinal perforation (n = 4) were both strongly associated with the administration of meloxicam. These findings suggest meloxicam should be used with caution in these species. Other less common findings included septic arthritis, intestinal perforation and hepatomegaly. This study describes common gross pathological findings of herons and egrets in a wildlife rehabilitation centre in California and demonstrates the utility of gross necropsies in determining cause of death when more advanced post-mortem diagnostics are unavailable
AN ANALYSIS ON THE GROWING INDIA AND ISRAEL RELATION AND WHY INDIA REQUIRES ISRAEL
Authors: Bhattacharya Sumanta , Ray Jayanta , Sinha Shakti , Sachdev Bhavneet Kaur
Published: November 2021

India and Israel are the two oldest civilizations, India favours a multi-polar world where as Israel favours a uni-polar world , India did not recognition Israel as a state till 1950 and today it has been more than25 years of diplomatic ties with growing economic, defence and strategic relationship, since 1992 the diplomatic ties between India and Israel started, capitalism was the main reason why India initiated the relation ,though since 1992 there have ties on agriculture, water management, trade, cyber security, Space, India and Israel together have launched missiles , and today India is the largest export partner of Israel in defence supply.Both the countries also have similar ideological and culture , In India we find many Jews residing in different states. India and Israel have joint hands and are sharing intelligences to counter terrorism .India and Israel are emerging as powerful nations and Israel advancement in technology has provided massive benefits to India in different sectors and the most in defence . The defence ties of the two countries in Future will provide more and more provisions to India, however India NAM members at times freezes the relations between the two countries. Keywords: India, Israel, Defence, strategic partnership, missiles, export, trade, cyber security
THE GROWING RELATION BETWEEN CHINA AND PAKISTAN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON INDIA AND ITS CHALLENGES AHEAD
Authors: Bhattacharya Sumanta , Ray Jayanta Kumar , Sinha Shakti , Sachdev Bhavneet Kaur
Published: November 2021

China and Pakistan diplomatic relation started from 1951 which has grown over the years. China is providing humongous weapons, aircrafts and submarines to Pakistan in spite Pakistan being in debt and now Turkey has also started to provide military weapons to Pakistan, the ultimate aim to is attack India .The string of pearls is a geopolitical strategic to surround Indian peninsular from all sides by creating naval base in its neighbor countries .The economic corridor of China and Pakistan is also a weapon to keep a check on India and amplify Pakistan influence in the Indian Ocean region by providing them powerful submarines. However due to China’s belt and road initiative project which is one of the most financial risk projects has made china lost its appetite to provide money for large infrastructure projects especially in Pakistan, the disagreement between Pakistan and China on CPEC has stopped the work ahead. China is also supporting the Maoist, North- East insurgency and terrorist groups in India by providing those arms and has also attacked India through Cyber warfare. China through the string of pears, CPEC, Belt and Road initiative is trying to encircle India. Keyword: China, Pakistan, India, CPEC, String of pears, military, diplomatic relations, Indian Peninsula, Indian Ocean
Embedding Heegaard Decompositions
Authors: Agol Ian , Freedman Mike
Published: November 2021

A smooth embedding of a closed $3$-manifold $M$ in $\mathbb{R}^4$ may generically be composed with projection to the fourth coordinate to determine a Morse function on $M$ and hence a Heegaard splitting $M=X\cup_\Sigma Y$.  However, starting with a Heegaard splitting, we find an obstruction coming from the geometry of the curve complex $C(\Sigma)$ to realizing a corresponding embedding $M\hookrightarrow \mathbb{R}^4$.
Protecting Asian Elephants from Linear Transport Infrastructure: The Asian Elephant Transport Working Group’s Introduction to the Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Ament Rob , Tiwari Sandeep Kumar , Butynski Melissa , Chen Becky Shu , Dodd Norris , Gangadharan Aditya , Jayasinghe Nilanga , Laur Aaron , Oppler Gabriel , Wong Ee Phin , van der Ree Rodney , Wang Yun
Published: November 2021

Asian elephants are endangered across their remaining home ranges in South and Southeast Asia. According to recent estimates, fewer than 52,000 individuals remain in the wild across 13 range states. Ongoing loss and fragmentation of habitat, increasingly caused by the development and operation of linear transport infrastructure (LTI) - such as roads, railways, and highways - is now exacerbating these threats. The Asian Elephant Transport Working Group (AsETWG) began collaboration in early 2019 to focus its efforts on developing solutions for conserving core habitats and decreasing mortality and barriers to Asian elephant movement. This publication marks a first milestone in AsETWG's work. It highlights the impacts that LTI has on Asian elephants and their habitats, addresses existing frameworks for reducing elephant-transport conflicts, provides seven case studies and a focus on emerging technologies, and makes general recommendations for inspiring urgent and practical actions.
Evaluación ecográfica de los parámetros estructurales del músculo en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico
Authors: Nieto Taborda Karen Natalia , Galvis Ruiz Germán Enrique , Mantilla Espinosa Rodolfo Alberto , Dávila Claudia Patricia , Martínez Lozano Diego Javier
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Detectar las alteraciones estructurales de los músculos peniformes proximales en pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) y describir su relación con la actividad de la enfermedad y tiempo de tratamiento. Métodos: Pacientes > 18 años con diagnóstico confirmado de LES atendidos durante el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2016 y septiembre de 2018. Se extrajeron de las historias clínicas datos demográficos, clínicos y serológicos previa realización de una ecografía musculoesquelética de los músculos peniformes proximales, tríceps y vasto lateral, para evaluar parámetros cualitativos y cuantitativos de la arquitectura muscular (grosor muscular, longitud del fascículo, ángulo de penación, ecogenicidad, atrofia y edema muscular). Resultados: Se incluyeron 21 pacientes de los cuales 18 eran mujeres (85,7 %), 19 de ellos en el rango de 18-50 años de edad (90,4 %), 15 refirieron mialgia en la entrevista (71 %) y 7 mostraron leve pérdida de la fuerza según la escala Medical Research Council (MRC) (33 %). La mayoría de pacientes recibió tratamiento a base de esteroides (95 %) más un medicamento modificador de la enfermedad. Diez pacientes tenían índice de actividad de la enfermedad leve a moderado (81,2 %). En cuanto a las medidas ecográficas, se encontró una relación significativa entre un ángulo de penación menor a 11,4 grados y atrofia muscular con valores de p = 0,035. Conclusiones: La ecografía musculoesquelética es un método no invasivo útil para la detección de cambios estructurales en la arquitectura muscular del músculo vasto lateral en pacientes con diagnóstico de LES.
The Relation Between Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior The Usage of Personal Protective Equipment With Accident at Work on Pt. X Project Apartment Bekasi Workers.
Authors: Puspa Andini Alydrus Milla
Published: November 2021

Based on the research, which conducted by Vondra Anggi Saputro about the application of PPE (personal protective equipment) with an accident at work in 2015 in the Metal Casting Production Work Unit found that there is a significant relation between acknowledging and attitude. The purpose of this research is that knowing the relation between acknowledging, attitude, and the behavior of application PPE (personal protective equipment) with the accident at the project Apartment Bekasi worker. this research is using the observational type, quantitative descriptive research design with cross-sectional oncoming. Data collection technic did by using a questionnaire sheet from a google form. The population is PT X project apartment Bekasi workers around 150 people. Sample determination in this research is using nonprobability sampling with the purposive sampling method. The result of this research shows the knowledge variable of PPE (personal protective equipment) (P=0,051), attitude variable of PPE (personal protective equipment) (P=0,070), behavior variable of PPE (personal protective equipment) (P=0,674). The three variables represent that there is no significant relation with the accident at work. From the result of this research, there is a significant difference between previous research and this study, due to differences such as statistical tests, the methods used, and other supporting factors.
Community Acceptance of The Covid-19 Vaccination Based on Health Behavior Theory (Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior)
Authors: Fitrijaningsih Fitrijaningsih
Published: November 2021

The availability and introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine as a new vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 are accompanied by challenges related to public acceptance from various circles. Vaccination is part of the main protective behavior against the COVID-19 pandemic. Identification of factors related to vaccine acceptance is needed to establish policies and formulate appropriate education for the community. This literature study was conducted by collecting data in the form of open access journals obtained from Google Scholar. The selection results determined that seven selected journals from abroad had compatibility between the topics and constructs in the Health Belief Model/HBM and Theory of Planned Behavior/TPB. More than 72% of respondents indicated their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. From the HBM point of view, individual perceptions of severity and susceptibility to COVID-19 have a positive correlation to vaccine acceptance along with perceived benefits. On the other hand, the negative correlation with vaccine acceptance arises due to public doubts regarding its side effects, efficacy, safety, and halalness. Subjective norm originating from policymakers has the most influential role on vaccine acceptance as a construct of PBT. HBM and TPB can be used as a tool to find out the motivations and obstacles that affect people's attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The right strategy in increasing awareness and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine needs to be done to maintain trust and reduce public doubts about the COVID-19 vaccine so that vaccination coverage can be achieved maximally to achieve herd immunity.
The Relationship Of Covid-19 Prevention Behavior With Quality of Life in Mutihan, RT 05, Wirokerten Village, Banguntapan Bantul, Yogyakarta Year 2020
Authors: K Lewenussa Zulchaidir
Published: November 2021

In 2020 the spread of Covid-19 from person to person will be the main source of transmission, so the spread will become more aggressive. The enormous ability of this virus to infect and spread is evidenced by the note that so far there are still many people infected with Covid-19 with an increasing number. Cases in Indonesia also continue to increase, until March 29, 2020, there have been 1,115 cases with 102 deaths, while the largest number of cases of the COVID-19 outbreak in Yogyakarta is in Bantul district, Banguntapan sub-district with a total ODP of 150 people, PDP (1 died, 1 recovered, 6 are positive, and 24 are still under surveillance). To determine the relationship between COVID-19 prevention behavior and quality of life in Dusun Mutihan RT 5 Wirokerten, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique in this study was random sampling with as many as 65 samples taken. Based on the statistical results using the chi-square test, it was obtained X2 count of 28.502a, a P value of .000 (P-0.10) which indicates that there is a relationship between covid-19 prevention behavior and quality of life in Mutihan village rt 05 Banguntapan Bantul Yogyakarta. There is a relationship between Covid-19 prevention behavior and quality of life in Dusun Mutihan Rt 5 Wirokerten, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta.
The Benefits of Consuming Sardines to Prevent Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Senior Citizens
Authors: Nurdiana Febriyanti Vallensia
Published: November 2021

Along with the increasing number of senior citizens in Indonesia, the number of cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially hypertension and diabetes mellitus experience escalation too, which certainly will have a direct impact on human resource productivity, social and economic development. In addition, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are the causes of the highest mortality rates in Indonesia. This article aims to encourage the public especially the senior citizens to prevent hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus by consuming fish containing high omega 3, EPA, and DHA, such as sardines at least twice a week or the equivalent of 200-400 grams a week. In terms of the methods, a literature study approach was employed in elaborating the research topic. The findings of this study demonstrate that sardines contain anti-inflammatory, antioxidant roles, boost the membrane fluidity, boost the number of insulin receptors and insulin action, and also contain hypotensive and hypoglycemic effects. In this manner, sardines are highly proven to be able to effectively prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus, prevent hypertension, and lower blood pressure, especially for senior citizens.
Strategic Government for Handling Pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Nurizki Abriyanti Rd
Published: November 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries affected by Covid-19 and even accounts for 7.8 percent of the death rate and is one of the highest in the world. During the increasing number of cases, Indonesia accepted foreign workers from China. This policy shows that the Indonesian government cannot ignore the economic aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic. The author considers it important to study the Indonesian government's strategy in the Covid-19 outbreak from an economic perspective. The method used in this article is a descriptive qualitative approach. This means that the author conducts a simple study by describing the state of an object to be studied at this time, based on the facts found (fact-finding), to then be placed with the relevant theory. The conclusion from this research is that the government needs policies to save people's lives during the Covid-19 pandemic, including social rights; physical tickets; use of personal protective equipment; personal hygiene; work and study at home and, delay all activities.
Government Effort in Preventing The Spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Ratnawati Ratnawati
Published: November 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndr ome Coronavirus2. Sars-Cov-2 is a new type of coronavirus that infects thousands of millions of people in the world in a short time. Anticipating the increase in the spread of infection due to COVID-19, the government urges all people to adopt a new lifestyle during the pandemic. Prevention efforts carried out by the government are the implementation of Health Protocols, Adaptation of New Habits, Large-Scale Social Restrictions, and Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities. This scientific work aims to determine the prevention efforts made by the government in reducing the spread of covid-19. This research method uses literature studies or studies of journals regarding the prevention of COVID-19. The results show that the efforts made by the DKI Jakarta Government in preventing the spread of covid-19 by implementing Health Protocols (washing hands with soap, wearing masks, social distancing, maintaining distance, self-isolation), New Adaptations/New Normal, Large-Scale Social Restrictions, and Enforcement Restrictions on Community Activities. The conclusion is the efforts to prevent the spread of covid-19 carried out by the DKI Jakarta Government as a change in the order of people's lives by applying various rules. This is done to reduce the spread of COVID-19 in the community. Then it is necessary to enforce strict and real punishments for violators in the form of fines large enough to create a deterrent effect for people who violate the policies and rules that have been applied.
Relationship of Iron Consumption with Anemia in Pregnant Women
Authors: Hasanah Irna , Adnindya Syafira Yasmine , Lusida Nurmalia , FUADIYAH FATHATUL , Fauziah Munaya
Published: November 2021

The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia ranges from 20-80%, but in general, many studies show anemia in pregnant women is greater than 50%. In the western part of Indonesia, the area is classified as high, anemia in Aceh is 56.6%, North Sumatra 77.9%, West Sumatra 8.9%, Riau 65.6%, Jambi 74.2%, South Sumatra 58.3, Lampung 60.7%. In pregnancy, anemia can harm maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. In a pregnant state, the supply of iron from food is still not sufficient so that a supplement is needed in the form of blood/Fe added tablets. Because the benefits of Fe tablets are very large for the prevention of anemia in pregnant women. However, there are still many pregnant women who do not consume Fe tablets up to 90 tablets.  So that the administration of Fe tablets has not yet reached the target where the central government has set it. The results of Riskesdas in 2013 from 89.1% of pregnant women who consumed Fe tablets, only 33.3% consumed up to 90 Fe tablets as recommended.
OPTIMIZATION OF IN VITRO SELECTIVE MEDIA FOR SELECTING ANTHRACNOSIS-RESISTANT FLAX CELLS
Authors: Пролётова Н.В. , Кудрявцева Л.П.
Published: November 2021

Цель исследований – оптимизация селективных сред для проведения отбора in vitro каллусных клеток льна, устойчивых к культуральному фильтрату штаммов возбудителя антракноза и создание in vitro новых генотипов, устойчивых к болезни. В результате исследований уточнен состав культурального фильтрата штаммов антракноза. Выявлено, что токсичность культуральных фильтратов не зависела от вирулентности используемых штаммов – более токсичными оказались культуральные фильтраты штаммов 784 (сильновирулентного) и 780 (средневирулентного) (загнивание и отмирание первичных корешков на 5 сутки наблюдали у 67 – 88% проросших семян), менее токсичны – штаммы 793 (сильновирулентный) и 788 (слабовирулентный) (на 5 сутки загнивание и отмирание первичных корешков отмечено у 9 – 15% проросших семян). Установлено, что морфогенные очаги формировались активнее у генотипов, морфогенный каллус которых переносили на среду с аналогичной или более высокой концентрацией культурального фильтрата. Показано, что на 14 сутки во втором пассаже с большей частотой формировались морфогенные каллусы, почки и побеги при использовании в первом и втором пассажах селективной среды, содержащей культуральный фильтрат в концентрации 40 мл/л, или в первом пассаже – 40 мл/л, а во втором – 44 мл/л. Выделены генотипы, сохраняющие устойчивость к антракнозу в течение трёх поколений на уровне 50 – 60%: НО-78 х Ленок, HJI-103-2 х Ленок, НЛ-40-1 х Ленок, HЭ-38 х Росинка, НЭ-36 х Ленок, НЭ-17 х Ленок, HЭ-16-2 х Росинка.

Research objective – optimization of selective media for in vitro selection of flax callus cells resistant to culture filtrate of anthracnose pathogen strains and in vitro creation of new disease-resistant genotypes. As a result of the research, the composition of the culture filtrate of anthracnose strains was clarified. It was revealed that the toxicity of cultural filtrates did not depend on the virulence of the strains used - cultural filtrates of strains 784 (highly virulent) and 780 (medium virulent) turned out to be more toxic (decay and death of primary roots on day 5 was observed in 67 - 88% of germinated seeds), less toxic - strains 793 (strongly virulent) and 788 (weakly virulent) (on the 5th day, decay and death of primary roots was noted in 9-15% of germinated seeds). It was found that morphogenic foci were formed more actively in genotypes, the morphogenic callus of which was transferred to a medium with a similar or higher concentration of the culture filtrate. It was shown that on the 14th day in the second passage, morphogenic callus, buds and shoots were formed with a greater frequency when using in the first and second passages a selective medium containing a culture filtrate at a concentration of 40 ml/l, or in the first passage - 40 ml/l, and in the second - 44 ml/l. Genotypes were identified that retain resistance to anthracnose for three generations at a level of 50 - 60%: NO-78 x Lenok, HJI-103-2 x Lenok, NL-40-1 x Lenok, NE-38 x Rosinka, NE-36 x Lenok, NE-17 x Lenok, NE-16-2 x Rosinka.
Safety of Influenza Vaccination During Orthopaedic Surgery Hospitalizations
Authors: Navarro Ronald A. , Lin Charles C. , Colli Bailey , Qian Lei , Liu In-Lu Amy , Sy Lina S. , Jacobsen Steven J. , Tartof Sara Y.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Despite national recommendations, influenza vaccination rates during hospitalizations remain low. Inpatient hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery remains a largely missed opportunity for vaccination. To address potential concerns regarding safety, we evaluated whether influenza vaccination during hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery increases evaluations for infection postdischarge because patients and clinicians often cite fear of this potential outcome.

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort study that was conducted among patients of a large integrated healthcare organization aged ≥6 months who were hospitalized for an orthopaedic surgery (defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision procedure codes) between September 1 and March 31 from 2011 to 2014. Using propensity score matching (1:1) to adjust for confounding, we assessed the association between influenza vaccination during an inpatient stay for orthopaedic surgery and rates of readmission, emergency department visits, outpatient visits, fever (temperature ≥38.0°C), and evaluations for infections less than 7 days postdischarge.

Results:

Overall, 2,395 hospitalizations with inpatient vaccination and 21,708 hospitalizations without inpatient vaccination were identified. Following successful balance of covariates (standardized difference <0.1 for all covariates) through 1:1 propensity score matching, we included 2,376 exposed patients and 2,376 unexposed patients in the matched analysis. In adjusted analyses, compared with those who were not vaccinated during hospitalization, those vaccinated during an inpatient stay for orthopaedic surgery had no statistically significant increase in readmission (relative risk [RR] = 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75 to 1.34), emergency department visits (RR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.41), fever (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.81 to 2.12), or clinical workups for infection (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.18). A marginally increased risk of outpatient visits in the 7 days postdischarge was detected (RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.26).

Discussion:

There was no evidence of a substantial increased risk of infection-related outcomes associated with influenza vaccination during hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery. Our data support the recommendation of vaccinating orthopaedic surgery patients against influenza perioperatively.