bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites in Dependence on Casting Direction
Authors: Fornůsek Jindřich , Tvarog Michal
Published: February 2015

This paper deals about behavior of fiber reinforced cement composite in dependence on the casting direction. Almost fifty concrete prisms of size 400 x 100 x 100 mm were cast; half of these were fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and the other half was ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). Approximately one half of both mixtures was cast in horizontal direction and the other half vertically. It was found that the specific fracture energy of horizontally cast prisms was approximately 4,5 times larger for both materials than the vertically cast ones. Ultimate loads of FRC were very similar for both casting directions. Peak loads of the horizontally cast UHPFRC prisms were approximately 3 times larger than the vertically cast ones. This research confirmed that there is significant influence of the casting direction on the fiber reinforced concrete characteristics.
To Monitoring the Degradation of UHPC Boards with Textiles Armatures
Authors: Kostelecká Michaela
Published: February 2015

In this article the hot water test is presented on thin UHPC slabs that are reinforced by a new type of armature. It is a textile armature, which should replace the classic metal (steel) armature. Textile armature should not only reduce the cost of production, but, because it is not susceptible to corrosion as conventional steel armature, panels can be designed with significantly less cover thickness in achieving similar or longer lifetime of these elements. The combination of UHPC concrete with a minimum thickness of cover and textile armature allows design elements weighing up to 70 % lower compared to conventional concrete elements with conventional armature. This can achieve significant savings and benefits not only in economic aspects, but also in environmental aspects.
Determination of Permeability Properties of Concrete Surface Modified by CPF
Authors: Reiterman Pavel
Published: February 2015

The paper introduces an experimental program focused on the monitoring of water transport in surface layer of concrete aimed at monitoring the permeability of concrete, since concrete permeability is a property uniquely affecting durability of concrete. Introduced methods are complemented by experimental results and other traditional tests. These findings will serve to further optimization of the structure being created, thus ensuring its better aesthetic and functional characteristics.
Compression Testing of Gypsum-Based Composite Reinforced by Recycled Wires from Automobile Tires
Authors: Tesárek Pavel , Novák Lukáš , Topič Jaroslav , Prošek Zdeněk , Nežerka Václav , Lidmila Martin
Published: February 2015

The use of recycled materials is nowadays greatly promoted and these are exploited in many industries, including construction and civil engineering. It is advantageous and efficient to exploit mainly those materials that cannot find their use in any other application. The steel wires from old automobile tires are a perfect example – they can be used as a dispersed reinforcement to stabilize subsoil in railway construction. In order to test the structural performance of the recycled wires as well as the composite behavior, gypsum was chosen a model matrix material. Such approach resulted in a relatively cheap gypsum-based composite material effectively combining gypsum as the material able to resist relatively high levels of compression and recycled wire reinforcement from old automobile tires, which is able to transfer tensile stress. The material can be removed from a formwork after less than 20 minutes of curing and immediately loaded. The study presents the results of a compression test carried out on three different materials – the reference sample was composed of a pure gypsum matrix, while the other two were reinforced by the dispersed wire reinforcement, which has been poorly and perfectly compacted. The results indicate the huge potential of the recycled material for the improvement of soils and brittle materials.
Cohesion of Composite Reinforcement Produced from Rovings with High Performance Concrete
Authors: Vlach Tomáš , Novotná Magdaléna , Fiala Ctislav , Laiblová Lenka , Hájek Petr
Published: February 2015

The reinforcement of concrete with composite technical textile creates a tensile load-bearing capacity. It allows the elimination of steel reinforcement and minimisation of concrete cover. Based on this, the concrete cover is designed with respect to the cohesion of reinforcement with concrete. By using of textile reinforcement very thin structures could be created. The aim of this paper was to determine the interaction conditions of carbon and basalt composite reinforcement in a matrix of epoxy resin with high performance concrete (HPC). The tensile strength of used composite reinforcement and the other mechanical parameters of HPC were determined by experimental tests. Experiments copied the production method of technical textiles. These two combinations of materials present the influence on the design of the structures with textile reinforcements.
Experimental Study of Primary Lining Tunnel Concrete after Thirty Years of Operation
Authors: Vogel Filip , Sovják Radoslav , Holčapek Ondřej , Mařík Libor , Šach Jiří
Published: February 2015

This article shows the acquisition and testing of concrete from tunnel primary lining. The main objective of this article was to describe the mechanical properties of primary lining tunnel concrete at higher age. The primary lining was made from dry mixture sprayed concrete. The primary lining concrete was in contact with the surrounding rock continuously. The surrounding rock could be dry or with ground water. Some surrounding rocks could produce a highly aggressive environment for concrete. The question was, whether the sprayed concrete is still in service after 30 years in this environment.
Estimation of Water Absorption Capacity of Hardened Concrete with Recycled Aggregate Based on Experimental Determination
Authors: Pavlů Tereza , Šefflová Magdaléna
Published: February 2015

Recycled construction and demolition waste, especially recycled concrete, is able to use as an aggregate for concrete. The high water absorption capacity (WA) of recycled aggregate has a negative impact of concrete mix workability and influences the water-cement ratio. This paper presents results of experimental measurement of WA of recycled aggregate and recycled concrete. Series of concrete samples with various replacement ratios of natural aggregate and recycled aggregate were prepared for this study. The main aim of this study is to analyze the influence of recycled aggregate WA, and mixture ratios on the WA of hardened concrete (HC). Regression model to estimate the WA of hardened concrete is presented.
Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Textile Glass Reinforcement
Authors: Bittner Tomáš , Bouška Petr , Kostelecká Michaela , Vokáč Miroslav
Published: February 2015

Mechanical tests were performed at the Klokner Institute on samples of a textile glass reinforcement. These tests will be used for determining the modulus of elasticity of textile glass reinforcements and for assessing the maximal stress that the samples will withstand. Both of these quantities are required for further modeling of the structures and for designing elements made from textile reinforced concrete (TRC). The tests were carried out on a total of 10 samples made from a single piece of 2D net (produced by V. FRAAS, GmbH, Germany). The tests were carried out on AR-glass reinforcement (alkali - resistant glass) textile glass with 2400 TEX [g/km] fineness, which is often supplied with dimensions of 1 x 2 m. The first 5 samples were prepared in the direction of the warp (the direction of the load-bearing reinforcement), and the remaining 5 samples were prepared from the transverse direction (the direction of the weft). These samples were loaded by a constant force increasing up to collapse. Then the modulus of elasticity of the textile glass reinforcement and the stress at the strength limit were determined from the monitored data.
Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Multilayer Mine Protection
Authors: Buchar Jaroslav , Řídký Radek , Drdlová Martina , Trnka Jan
Published: February 2015

An interaction of the blast pressure wave after detonation of a blast mine under the multilayer mine protection mounted on a military vehicle is described in this project. The main focus was applied to absorbing capability of the multilayer sandwich. Results from numerical simulations were compared with experimental tests. The test procedure is provided according to STANAG 4569/AEP-55 standard with threat level 3B. The main goal of this project was to develop a multilayer armor that is able to protect a typical military vehicle against the 8 kg TNT blast mine.
Experimental Determination of Mechanical Properties for the Purposes of Numerical Simulations of Car Bumper Tests
Authors: Horník Petr
Published: February 2015

Finite-element (FE) analysis is important instrument for prediction of plastic car bumper tests. Accuracy of FE analysis depends on accuracy of material input data. It has developed experimental methodology for identification of mechanical properties. The methodology leads to more accurate material input data for numerical simulations.
Effectiveness of the Modified Fatigue Criteria for Biaxial Loading of Notched Specimen in High-Cycle Region
Authors: Major Štěpán , Hubálovský Štěpán , Kocour Vladimír , Valach Jaroslav
Published: February 2015

This article deals with multiaxial fatigue strength of notched round bars made of Cr-Al-Mo steel and tested under combined tension and torsion loading. Fatigue life is one of the important factors in design since majority of engineering components are subjected to variable loading. Most of mechanical components in engineering practice are subjected to combined loading, which can lead to sudden fatigue failure. In present work the fatigue life of specimens made of low-alloy Cr-Al-Mo high-strength steel is studied. Experiments were focused on the high-cycle fatigue region (over 100 000 cycles to final failure). The most relevant goal of this paper is to verify the efficiency of modified classical multiaxial fatigue criteria. The criterion proposed by Goncalves, Araujo and Mamiya was found to be the best in the fatigue life prediction for bending-torsion loading of notched specimens.
Wiles of Using Hollow Specimens for Fatigue Tests
Authors: Papuga Jan , Vargas Miguel , Růžička Milan
Published: February 2015

The paper reports an issue found in using the hollow specimens claimed usually as unnotched. If the goal is to test them under multiaxial loading, the target is to reduce the shear stress gradient by making them thin-walled. Anyhow, the analyses described here show, that this attempt induces an issue unknown previously to authors – the maximum stress in tension loading is found on the inner surface of the tube. The individual effects concerning material and geometry are described.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Uniaxial and Multiaxial Stress-Strain Behaviour of R7T Wheel Steel
Authors: Halama Radim , Šofer Michal , Fojtík František , Markopoulos Aleksandros
Published: February 2015

This paper is focused on the correct description of stress-strain behavior of the R7T steel. An experimental study on the wheel steel specimens including uniaxial as well as multiaxial tests has been conducted. The main attention was paid to such effects as ratcheting and nonproportional hardening of the material. A cyclically stable behavior of the steel under higher amplitude loading was found. The MAKOC model, which is based on AbdelKarim-Ohno kinematic hardening rule and Calloch isotropic hardening rule, has been applied in subsequent finite element simulations. The numerical results show very good prediction of stress-strain behaviour of the wheel steel.
Experimental Analysis and Numerical Modelling of Interphase Interfaces of New Environmental Low-Energy Composites
Authors: Petrů Michal , Novák Ondřej , Lepšík Petr , Myšáková Darina
Published: February 2015

Suitable mechanical properties of composites are very important for light low energy constructions. Their specific properties can offer high specific strength, but current composite properties are not at maximum level, and therefore the efforts of development on further improving are focused. Properties of composites depend not only on character of a matrix and reinforcement, but also on properties of an Interphase between these components. Experimental and numerical analysis dealing with the mechanical properties at the micro level for new types of energy-efficient fiber composites with reduced environmental impact has been compiled. For numerical analyses a finite element method (FEM) was used. Analyses were focused on the cohesion and stress at the interface of the system fiber-matrix-core. From the results can be seen that the specific orientation of the reinforcement relative to the direction of applied force significantly affects the resulting elastic modulus. When investigating the delamination of the layers, the influence of the fiber orientation of the reinforcement is evident. Also quality of the interface has a crucial influence.
The Application of Phase-Sensitive Detection Technology in the Lateral Logging
Authors: Zhao Lin , Li De Gang , Bai Yong Qiang , Zhu Bin , Chen Xi
Published: February 2015

In the course of logging, the instrument needs to measure the formation parameters, at the same time we need to solve the problem that the various signals with different frequencies will be produced. The technology with the use of phase sensitive detection filter can reduce mutual interference between the various signals, which can achieve the purpose of improving the measurement accuracy. This paper analyzed the work principal of phase sensitive detection technique in lateral logging applications, the data shows that this method can effectively eliminate or reduce the impact phase, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of lateral logging instrument.
Application of Fractures Prediction Technology in Carbonate Rock Reservoirs
Authors: Yang Xiao Long
Published: February 2015

Prediction of fracture is the current difficulties in reservoir prediction, According to the difficulty of carbonate fracture prediction is even greater. Especially when the study area is in slope of buried hill, the main purpose of deeply buried layer (5000-6500m), small structural deformation, major faults are not developed, minor faults are not obvious, weathering and corrosion weak cases, bring the difficulty and challenge to the fracture prediction technology based on tectonic origin. In this paper, view of the above geological conditions, application of the coherent, fine fault interpretation, AVA and MVE fracture prediction technique. At the macro level, the coherent time slice and fine fault interpretation to determine fracture as the constraint of MVE 3D geological modeling, Determine the orientation of fracture by using AVA prediction and FMI imaging logging methods, the tectonic evolution, studying tectonic movement of different period effect on fracture and oil and gas, according to the prediction of fractures and fracture connectivity analysis, forecasting fracture favorable area, and achieved good results.
Remote Sensing Prospecting Deposit Model Using Aster Data: A Case Study from Southern Part of Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County, China
Authors: Wu Hui Zhi , Jiang Qi Gang , Bai Chao Jun
Published: February 2015

This work uses multiple types of remote sensing data to develop a model-based mineral exploration method. Data used include Worldview-2 satellite data as the main information source supplemented by QuickBird satellite data to assist in geological interpretations and ASTER satellite data to extract remote sensing anomalies. We have enhanced the spectral and spatial resolution of the remote sensing data using ENVI software. Human-computer interaction methods have been used to confirm the geological conditions. We have interpreted 24 distinct lithologic units, including various types of metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. A total of 471 remote sensing anomalies were delineated, consisting of 173 hydroxyl anomalies and 298 iron-staining anomalies. Geological background screening methods were applied to identify 98 remote sensing anomalies, of which 29 were recommended for further study. Based on the interpretation of anomalies extracted from the ASTER and other geological remote sensing data sets, we have established a typical-deposit prospecting model. In the model, we delineated remote sensing prospecting targets by considering: remote sensing anomalies, geologic bodies and structures, geophysical anomalies and geochemical anomalies. Using this model, we divided the work area into two zones based on types of mineral generation. Seven prospecting targets (one A class, three B class and three C class) were identified. Trenching and block sorting methods were conducted for field verification, and resulted in the discovery of two copper and two iron occurrences with commercial potential.
Application of Cementing Technology for Shale Gas Horizontal Well in Jiaoshiba Block of Fuling Area
Authors: Cui Yun Hai , Yang Hai Ping , Feng Jian , Song Yu
Published: February 2015

In response to the difficulties happened during shale gas horizontal well cementation in shale reservoir of Jiaoshiba Long maxi group in Fuling, through continuous laboratory tests and analysis on site, this paper achieves the following research results: the method of enhancing cleaning efficiency by further improving ahead fluid system; the method of reducing the shrinkage of cement rock and improving anti-gas channeling ability of cement slurry by perfecting the cement slurry system; method of strengthening the supervision of the placement of centralizers by placing the centralizers reasonably; water substitution method with large flow rate of whole well. All these methods form a comprehensive technology, which is applied in 7 wells, such as JY 29-4HF, JY 8-1HF, and JY 15-2HF and so on. All the cement evaluations are great, which indicates that the comprehensive technology is suitable for shale gas horizontal well cementation in Jiaoshiba.
The Accumulation Rules of Budate Burial Hill Hydrocarbon Reservoir of Suderte Oilfield in Hailar Basin
Authors: Cai Jin Hang
Published: February 2015

Metamorphic rock burial hill reservoir of Beier rift in Hailaer Basin, with large scale reservoir and high output has complex fault system. The fault through going direction roughly is NEE direction, and has wide fault section and lateral quickly changed fault displacement. Metamorphic rock reservoir can be divided into the vertical weathered fracture zone, crack and dissolved pores and caves development belt and tight zone. Accumulation is controlled by hydrocarbon ability of source rock, contacting relationship of source rock and reservoir, oil storage ability of reservoir, and vertical and lateral hydrocarbon migration ability of fault and unconformity surface. And formed top surface weathering crust accumulation pattern which the hydrocarbon migrated laterally along the unconformity surface, and interior reservoir pattern of crack broken zone accumulation which hydrocarbon migrated vertically along fault.
The Slug Design of Multi-Slug and Equi-Fluidity Oil Displacement with Binary Flooding
Authors: Zhao Jiang Min , Li Tian Ge
Published: February 2015

This paper optimizes the design of the nature of each slug and the combination of slugs through theoretical calculations and laboratory experiments, which is the key to tremendously enhance the oil recovery with the oil-displacing method of multiple multi-slug combinations. When oil-displacing experiments with multiple multi-slug combinations are conducted on heterogeneous cores in the laboratory, it is necessary that each injected slug be designed rationally in their viscosity, volume, etc., with the view to guarantee the synchronous equi-fluidity mobility of each slug after water flooding. With the synergistic effect of a variety of oil-displacing agents, the remaining oil in each permeability layer can be dug, driven by overall piston.
Application of Inverse Q Filtering Methods in the Near-Surface Compensation
Authors: Liu Shao Zhong , Guo Yu Wei
Published: February 2015

Through the use of conventional inverse Q filtering algorithm can be applied to derive a stable and efficient inverse Q filtering algorithm continuous medium, and through a stable and efficient data validation model inverse Q filtering application results meanwhile summarizes the stable inverse Q filtering characteristics. Finally, the algorithm with a conventional inverse Q filtering were compared, and eventually applied to the actual seismic data.
A New Parameterization Method for Large-Scale Reservoir History
Authors: Yan Xia , Li Jun , Zhao Hui
Published: February 2015

A novel and simple parameterization method using an ensemble of unconditional model realizations is applied to decrease the dimension of the misfit objective function in large-scale history matching problems. The major advantage of this parameterization method is that the singular value decomposition (SVD) calculation is completely avoided, which saves time and cost for huge matrix decomposition and the eigenvectors computations in parameterization process. After objective function transforms from a higher dimension to a lower dimension by parameterization, a Monte Carlo approach is introduced to evaluate the gradient information in the lower domain. Unlike the adjoint-gradient algorithms, the gradient in our method is estimated by Monte Carlo stochastic method, which can be easily coupled with different numerical simulator and avoid complicated adjoint code. When the estimated gradient information is obtained, any gradient-based algorithm can be implemented for optimizing the objective function. The Monte Carlo algorithm combined with the parameterization method is applied to Brugge reservoir field. The result shows that our present method gives a good estimation of reservoir properties and decreases the geological uncertainty without SVD but with a lower final objective function value, which provides a more efficient and useful way for history matching in large scale field.
Study of Logging Curve Processing Methods in Nanpu 5th Structure Seismic Inversion
Authors: Wang Dian Ju , Hu Yu Shang , Li Wang Hui , Zhao Feng Quan , Cheng Peng , Chen Xi
Published: February 2015

Logging curve processing can effectively eliminate the systematic error of the data and It is the critical initial basic work to improve the precision in reservoir prediction and new hydrocarbon accumulation description while getting a new knowledge of reservoir sand body, Combining with the practical situation of Nanpu structure, the paper optimize logging curve processing methods based on fitting the trend surface. Development of Nanpu 5th tectonic lithology, core porosity, curve correlation coefficient, inversion prediction sandstone and effective sandstone accuracy is obviously increased after applying the technology of well logging curve processing on inversion analysis of East No.1 section the Nanpu 5th structure so as to prove the rationality of the application of trend surface treatment methods of this area, to reduce blindness, and to provides highly consistent logging data to improve development precision.
Experimental Study on High Temperature-Resistant Gel for Profile Control
Authors: Hu Shao Bin , Wang Peng , Chen Chang Liang , Liu Shao Ke , Wang Zhe
Published: February 2015

In order to control water and increase oil recovery in reservoir of high temperature (120°C), experiments were carried out to study the impacts of dosage of HPAM, crosslinking agent, delayed crosslinking agent and heat stabilizer on the properties of gel system, and a high temperature-resistant movable weak gel profile control system was presented, whose formula is 2.0g/L HPAM + 0.2% (volume fraction) crosslinking agent + 0.1g/L delayed crosslinking agent + 0.1g/L heat stabilizer. This gel system has good thermal stability at 120°C. It has good flow properties before gelation, and can effectively enter larger pores. After gelation, its viscosity increases so significantly that it can be stranded and the larger pores can be plugged. The plugging rate can be over 93%. Thus, subsequent fluid injection can be redirected into the low-permeability layers, effectively improving the reservoir water absorption profile and oil recovery.
Simulation Experimental Study on Aeolotropism Affects the Recovery of Low Permeable Sub Layer Reservoir
Authors: Zhao Xin Yuan , Liu Yi Kun , Wang Feng Jiao , Chen Ru Ya , Wang Jin Ming
Published: February 2015

In order to reveal the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on its recovery and by taking the interlayer heterogeneous and inner layer sand superimposition model (two forms of complexity situation) into account, water flooding experiments have been conducted on parallel connected rock cores, which are selected and artificially casted cores with different permeability, at different injection rates. Experimental results suggested that water displacement recovery is kept decreasing with the increasing of interlayer heterogeneity. when the interlayer permeability ratio (ratio of high permeability versus low permeability) is at about 6.5 and water displacement rate is set at 0.5ml/min, 1ml/min, 1.5ml/min, 2ml/min, respectively, the water flooding experiments indicated that the low permeability recovery increased significantly and low permeability layer became main producer with the increasing of water displacement rate, on the opposite, the high permeability recovery showed no little big change. Laboratory experiments on the model of layer sand body superimposition revealed that the recovery rate of FTRLPTPL model is about 5%~10% higher than that of FTPLPTRL model.(FTRLPTPL is briefed from that flooding from the thick and rich in oil layer and produced from the thin and poor in oil layer. FTPLPTRL is briefed from that flooding from the thin and poor in oil layer and produced from the thick and rich in oil layer.) Analysis on the experiments in different reservoir inner situation told us that recovery enhancement of low permeability layer can play a significant role in increasing the overall recovery rate.
Methods of Fault Modeling by Well-to-Seismic Integration
Authors: Wang Peng Yan , Li Yao Hua , Li Ze Yu
Published: February 2015

Geological structure model is the foundation of the sedimentary faces modeling, property modeling and digital simulation, which includes the horizon model and fault model. Fault model which is accorded with underground conditions plays an important role in the structure modeling, so it would be an important work to build the fault model perfectly with the seismic and logging data. This paper take the fault modeling of C84-6 well area in Chaoyanggou field as an example, building the fault model by four methods of ‘Projection of polygon’ ‘Correction of depth domain seismic body’ ‘Checking by overlooking’ ‘Correction of breakpoints’ by the software of Petrel. The fault model which is built by integrating logging and seismic data can be the skeleton to build the final geological structure model, and those methods mentioned in this paper has been applied to the modeling work in some adjacent areas at present.
Density Logging Simulation on Enlarger Borehole in Anthracite Reservoir via MCNP
Authors: Chen Zhen Ya , Huang Zhao Hui
Published: February 2015

Density logging is a very important method of nuclear logging, which is mainly exploring the density of rock bed through study the pore structure of reservoir and commonly employed in petrol geophysical exploration. It’s very important in density logging to study the effects of borehole conditions which can be helpful in developing instruments and improving the exploring efficient. This paper studied the response of high rank anthracite reservoir at the situation of borehole enlarging via MCNP.
Performance Analysis of Microbial Fuel Cells with Different Exoelectrogens at Low Temperature
Authors: Tkach Olga , Liu Li Hong , Wang Ai Jie , Zhou Xu , Lee Duu Jong
Published: February 2015

The aim of the study is to compare different kinds of microbial species for electricity production in the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) at low temperature. Experiments were conducted with single-chambered MFCs and medium anode inoculated with pure culture from activated sludge. Three kinds of exoelectrogens includingKlebsiella sp.ALL-1,Shewanella sp.ALL-2 andEnterobacter sp.ALL-3 were used for evaluating their electricity activity. After adding solution into MFCs, the power of density grew from 50 mV to over 530 mV, and finally maintained at about 520+10 mV during the complete cycles. The results showed that MFCs withEnterobacter sp.ALL-3 had higher power and current density, shorter and more stable working circle at same level of voltage producing than other kinds of exoelectrogens. These characteristics madeEnterobacter sp.ALL-3 as optimum exoelectrogen for electricity production at low temperature.
The Study on the Transesterification Catalyzed by Sodium Compound Loaded on Carbide Slag
Authors: Liu Meng Qi , Niu Sheng Li , Lu Chun Mei
Published: February 2015

NaOH, Na2CO3 and NaNO3 loaded on carbide slag are used as transesterification catalysts in a batch-type transesterification system. The activated catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction and the corresponding catalytic efficiencies are compared. NaOH loaded on calcined carbide slag gains the highest catalytic efficiencies. The optimal activated temperature of NaOH loaded on calcined carbide slag is obtained.
Analysis on the Fluctuation of Wind Power
Authors: Wang Rui Hao
Published: February 2015

This paper is aimed at exploring the characteristic fluctuation of wind power based on samples from a certain wind farm. First, the paper is to analyze fluctuations of wind power at different time scales. According to a sliding difference algorithm to build wind power fluctuations evaluation. Wind power fluctuation index for different time scales are used to fit probability distributions, indicating that the best form of distribution of wind power fluctuations is t location scale distribution. Secondly, considering the wind power has the characteristics of non-linear, non-stationary signal of the data, it fully meets the wavelet neural network analysis of the characteristics of the data. Therefore, select wavelet neural network training and testing so as to make predictions about the future of the total power of wind farm. It points out the differences between different regions covered by the index from the fluctuation characteristics of wind power, thus further understanding the fluctuation characteristics of wind power: Influenced by the time and space distribution and other factors, there is a big difference between the output power fluctuation characteristics of single wind generator and wind farm, which is because of the different wind machine in the field by the wind energy differences, and the wake effect of organic groups, making frequent fluctuations in power distribution; the fluctuation of wind is gentle, i.e. with increasing spatial distribution scale, so gentle effect occurs to wind power fluctuations. Finally, through the analysis of the fluctuation characteristics of power, power factor and analyses the influence of the characteristics of fluctuation, the paper draws a conclusion of the following improvement programs to overcome the adverse effects of wind power fluctuation of power grid operation: the rational allocation of energy storage devices, expanding the coverage area of a wind farm, or improving the design of the windmill, which will make wind farms adapt to different wind directions, thus eliminating the impact of fluctuations on the power grid from the wind farm power output by the energy storage device, and covering the area of large wind farms can adapt to different wind directions, and with power complementary, it has achieved the amount of stable power transmission into the grid.
The Research Progress of Earth to Air Heat Exchanger: A Review
Authors: Liu Hong , Wang Xin , Xue Di Di
Published: February 2015

As a renewable and energy-saving technology, the earth to air heat exchanger has great advantages over the traditional thermal technologies both in initial investment and operation cost. This paper aims to review the research progress of EAHE in the world in view of numerical models and experiments, in which the EAHE needs to be further studied in the further.
Progress in Graphene-Based Two-Dimensional Heterostructures and their Photoelectric Properties
Authors: Wang Han Yu , Huang An Ping
Published: February 2015

The zero-gap and low absorption in visible light spectrum has limited the potential of graphene potential in photoelectric applications. Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures have grown up in recent years showing attractive prospects in making new materials with designed properties, and become a promising way to modulate properties of graphene. Recent research progress in 2D heterostructures, including the varieties and properties of van der waals and non-van der waals graphene-based 2D heterostructures separately, is reviewed in this paper. Then the photoelectric applications of graphene-based 2D heterostructures are summarized.
Research on the Application Status of Giant Magnetostrictive Material in Drive Field
Authors: Liu Hui Fang , Wang Han Yu , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2015

The concept of giant magnetostrictive material, characteristics and main effects were introduced briefly. The actuators based on GMM’s magnetostrictive effect, sensors based on inverse-magnetostrictive effect and self-sensing actuators based on the coupled effects were reviewed. It proposed that self-sensing actuators and sensor actuators on the basis of coupling relationship of magnetostrictive effect, inverse-magnetostrictive effect and other effects were GMM’s new research direction.
Application Progress of Rare Earth Doping in Solid Electrolyte of Lithium Ion Battery
Authors: Li Wen Long , Guo Bin , Hu Wei Jie , Chen Ming De , Zhang Hong , Wang Hao Jing
Published: February 2015

The development trend of all solid state lithium ion battery and the importance of lithium ion solid electrolyte in all solid state lithium ion batteries is introduced in this paper. The application of rare earth doping in solid electrolyte of lithium ion battery is summarized. We suggest that rare earth doping is favorable for the increase of the lithium ion battery electrolyte conductivity, thus it is beneficial to further improve the overall performance of all solid state lithium ion battery. The development prospect of rare earth doping in solid electrolyte of all solid state lithium ion battery is looked forward. In addition, we deem that the above mentioned technology is an important research aspect of solid state electrolyte.
Screening of Polymer-Producing Bacteria for Microbial Combination Flooding in Thick Oilfield
Authors: Lv Tian , Wu Jing Chun , Shi Fang , Zhao Yang
Published: February 2015

Through the cultivation of two polymer-producing strains of WP1, SP1, determined the suitable growth temperature of bacteria, followed by fermented, we research the growth of the strains and metabolite changes on viscosity and pH values. Results show that at 80 r/min, 120 r/min training conditions, viscosity of strain WP1 is all more than 100mPa•s, the strains of experimental works better than SP1. Therefore, selected strain WP1 identified as strains of microorganisms in thick oilfield combination flooding produced polymers, this strain is identified at last.
The Effect of Residence Time on Biomass Pyrolysis of Several in Different Temperature Nodes
Authors: Cai Jian Jun , Wang Qing Cheng , Wang Quan
Published: February 2015

The effect of residence time on biomass pyrolysis is discussed in the paper. Firstly, several typical temperature nodes (573, 873, 1073, and 1273K) are selected as the experimental subjects. Then, the residence time is changed in these temperature nodes. Finally, thermo gravimetric analyzer is used to study the pyrolysis and kinetics characteristics of biomass in different experimental conditions. The results show that extension of residence time is not conducive to biomass mass loss and heat release at 523, 873, 1073, and 1273K. In the several temperature condition that the faster heating rate and the shorter residence time, the more weightlessness is and the phenomenon is more obvious in low temperature. With the increase of the residence time, area and value of the second endothermic peak decreases and the value moves to high temperature zone. When the residence time is not the same value, the biomass pyrolysis can still be fitted for two first-order kinetic equations. At the same time, temperature interval length of fitting curve decreases and further leads to E and A increase.
Preparation and Application of Basic Magnesium Chloride Whisker
Authors: Wu Hai Hong , Wang Li Cong , Lu Shao Yan , Zhang Yan An , Wu Dan , Zhang Qi
Published: February 2015

Basic magnesium chloride whisker is described as a cheap and available whisker material. The preparation and application prospect of basic magnesium chloride whisker were introduced in this paper, and the use of abundant concentrated seawater or brine resources in the preparation of basic magnesium chloride whisker was prospected.
Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Resistance Spot Welded Aluminum-Lithium Alloy (5A90)
Authors: Fan Qi , Chen Yi Ping , Cheng Dong Hai
Published: February 2015

Three-phase secondary rectification spot welding machine had been adopted to join 5A90 Aluminum-lithium alloy with a thickness of 2 mm, at different welding conditions. The mechanical properties of the lap joints were investigated and microstructure were analyzed respectively. The results showed that the joint fabricated at a welding current of 45.5 kA, welding time of 4 cycles, and electrode pressure of 8.55 kN exhibited higher tensile-shear force value of 7.7 kN compared to the other joints. The nugget were mainly composed of equiaxial grains and cellular dendrites. Meanwhile, equiaxed zone can be divided into the equated dendrites, the wormlike eutectic structure and few equiaxed non-dendrites. The tensile fracture surfaces exhibited a hybrid ductile-brittle fracture, while Al3Li strengthening phase lied in the bottom of dimple.
Application of ICP-AES to the Detection of Heavy Metals in Cordyceps militaris from Shenyang
Authors: Wu Shi Wei , Li Guo De , Wang Yan , Li Na , Xin Shi Gang , Hou Li Hua , Zhang Si Qi
Published: February 2015

The microwave digestion-ICP-AES was used to detect the Cr, Cd, Pb, As, Hg and Ni in cordycepsmilitaris from Shenyang. The method accuracy was proved by the national standard method. The result shows the sequence of heavy metals was Pb>Ni >As > Cd> Cr, and Hg was not detected, as was detected in few sample. All the data showed that cordycepsmilitaris accords with the national standards. The method average recovery is 94.07%-107.58%, and RSD is 0.84%-3.25%. It is a promising analysis method on detection of heavy metals in cordycepsmilitaris.
Electric Power Industry Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Policy Analysis
Authors: Sun Hai Tian , Zhao Ming Liang , Wang Ning , Shi Hong Lei , Liu Yan
Published: February 2015

Recently, energy saving and emission reduction get more attention in the world, electric power industry is one of the major sectors of energy consumption. The national government has issued a series of related policies and regulations to change the power structure and control pollutant emissions, in order to improve the level of energy conservation and emission reduction. Some problems exist in the current policies and regulations. This paper puts forward measures and suggestions to strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction.
Low-Carbon Culture Industry Development: The Design of Carbon Dioxide Capturing System for Liquor Cultural Industry
Authors: Liu Meng Ying
Published: February 2015

Low-carbon mode is an inevitable choice for the sake of the necessity to achieve the social economic sustainable development. Specifically, it is also for the culture industry. The article is about a design of carbon dioxide capturing system for liquor cultural industry to help such culture industry of liquor to implement low-carbon mode. The system should accomplish some objectives such as carbon capture, low cast of operation and manufacturing, safety, ease of use and operation, and durability. The design is about using algae to capture the CO2. Furthermore, the article introduces the preliminary design concept. Finally, the primary design concept is to capture CO2 by taking advantage of photosynthesis to absorb any excess CO2 that comes from production process.
The Change of Environmental in Sewage Sludge Compost
Authors: Li Ang , Sun Li Na
Published: February 2015

By aerobic composting bin type of sewage treatment plant sludge composting, through periodic sampling, research composting process temperature, moisture content, PH value changes and study the changes in compost maturity parameters of the DH. The results show that the compost temperature increased rapidly in the early rise in the first two days when fast to 50 degrees Celsius, in the tenth day decreased to room temperature; moisture content than the original sludge reduced by 40 percent to compost indicators; PH by reaction initial 6.2, and gradually becomes neutral and alkaline 7.8 biased. Experiments show that after aerobic sludge composting in temperature, moisture content, PH value terms have been reached sludge disposal requirements.
The Effects on Phosphorus Removal and Membrane Pollution by Adding PAC and Ca2+ into MBR under Different Dosing Methods
Authors: Mi Hai Rong , Zhang Zhi Liu , Chao Zhen
Published: February 2015

This article studied effluent water quality and membrane fouling by adding different concentration of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) into the submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) in different dosing ways, and examined the effects on coagulation by adding Ca2+. Experiment results show that dosing ways of PAC have no significant influence on CODCr and NH3-N. When the concentration of PAC was 45mg/L and the continuous dosing way was chosen, the average concentration of pollutant was lowest, total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency was highest, and the membrane fouling was effectively slowed. When the Ca2+ concentration was 20mg/L, the coagulation effect was the best, water quality was stable, and the membrane fouling was largely reduced.
The Environmental Impacts and Ecological Recovery of Hydropower Development
Authors: Luo Yan , Zeng He Ping , Jin Zi Wen , Jiang Shi Yi
Published: February 2015

Hydropower holds the dominant position among renewable energy sources. It is the third-largest source of electricity in China, after coal and gas power. Although hydropower development has brought about many benefits, but it also have many influence on the ecological environment. This paper discusses the direct and indirect environmental effects of hydropower development. Ecological restoration measures are put forward from the perspective of engineering restoration, vegetation restoration, and aquatic ecosystem restoration. It provides a theoretical basis for the ecological protection of hydropower development.
The Inland Ship Anti-Pollution Present Situation and Suggestion
Authors: Yang Yi Ze , Shao Guang Ming , Zhu Guo Dong
Published: February 2015

With the development of China's economy, waterway transport due to large volume, low cost, can at the lowest cost of transportation units to provide the maximum amount of freight is widely used. The ship in traffic and transportation, plays an important role, it also brings many problems. According to the present situation of pollution prevention management of inland river ships, from the maritime supervision, ship oil pollution prevention, ship sewage treatment, put forward four proposals to ship garbage pollution control and air pollution, and provide methods for the management of inland river shipping pollution.
Advances in Research of Botanical Insecticide
Authors: Wu Shi Wei , Li Guo De , Wang Yan , Li Na , Hou Li Hua , Zhang Si Qi
Published: February 2015

Botanical insecticides have advantages of wide range of sources, easily made with local materials, low-cost, cost savings, useful and safe to people, animals and crops, etc. The compound of botanical insecticide is an effective way to improve the efficacy of such pesticides. With the development of green agriculture, it will gain more and more attention.
Experimental Study on Removing NO from Flue Gas Using Microwave Irradiation over Activated Carbon
Authors: Yang Peng Fei , Wang Zhe , Wang Hong Li
Published: February 2015

The microwave catalytic reduction of NO was studied in activated carbon bed. The conversion of NO to N2 under microwave irradiation remarkably increased compared to conventional heating, which indicates that the microwave irradiation has microwave catalysis effect besides thermal effect. The effects of a series of reaction parameters on the productivity of N2 with a new microwave catalytic reactor system were investigated. The results show that NO is converted predominantly to N2 under all reaction conditions and the highest conversion of NO to N2 is up to 99.8% under optimized conditions.
Migration and Accumulation of Cadmium in Paddy Soil
Authors: Luo Yu Tao , You Shao Hong , Yang He , Liu Jie
Published: February 2015

Soil samples were collected from a paddy field at Fulong village, Huanjiang County, and Cd concentrations in soils were determined. Soil Cd risk was evaluated using Nemerow index method. The results showed that the content of cadmium in soil layer of 0~20cm is 2 times than the level two standard values and 6 times than the background value of Huanjiang soil. In addition, the soil layer of 20~100cm in cadmium content did not exceed the national level two standard values, but is about 2 times the background value of soil in Huanjiang county. In addition, Cadmium pollution is mainly focused on the soil surface.
The Influence of Coal-Smoke Air Pollution on the Respiratory Health in Pupils
Authors: Zhao Chun Shan , Wang Ji Hong , Li Chun Guo
Published: February 2015

The aim of this study is to influence of coal-smoke air pollution on the respiratory health in pupils. Provide a gist for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution. Via using the method of random sampling, we chose two primary schools from coal-smoke polluted areas in urban and two schools from countryside where it is not affected by the coal-smoke pollution, therefore we got total number of 680 primary students as object for this study. Compared to the primary schools children in the countryside, the incidence of respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum and wheezing, is higher among the children in the urban areas. It is higher significantly in the diagnosis of pneumonia, acute respiratory infection and asthma (P<0.01). Coal-smoke air pollution increases the risk of respiratory symptoms and disease in primary school children, it is the hazard factor of damaging the respiratory symptoms in the children.
Study on Regional Analysis of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration Based on SPSS
Authors: Cao Li Ying , Yu He Long , Chen Gui Fen , Sun Peng
Published: February 2015

Based on the meteorological data collected from 3 stations in recent 10 years in Fushun region, the reference crop evapotranspiration was calculated with the Penman-Monteith equation recommended by FAO in 1990. The evapotranspiration of the region was analyzed using linear regression analysis based on software of SPSS. The results showed that the linear correlation was evident between the evapotranspiration data of stations, but it is not significant for the linear correlation between the stations, neither between the stations. The result will be helpful to analysis of the space distributions of the reference crop evapotranspiration in the region.