bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design Color Sorting with Conveyor and Robot Arm Using Lego Mindstorms NXT
Authors: Gunardi Yudhi , Kuncoro Danang Fajar , JN Jumadril
Published: April 2021

Lego Mindstorms education robot is an interactive robot because it can be used to design various kinds of robot applications. This robot can be used to design sorting robots before they are applied to real robots. Many sorting techniques are in the form of colorful objects, but only for one-time sorting. This research will design and implement a color sorting robot with 2 detection stages, namely the conveyor and the robot arm, the initial sorting is carried out by the conveyor for sorting color objects, the next sorting uses the robot arm. to move the selected color object to a place that matches the desired color. The results obtained in sorting color objects using 1 color sensor and Bluetooth for communication between the conveyor and the robot arm via Bluetooth works well where three objects in red, blue and green can be moved according to the desired color object.
Development of Palm Shell Base Activated Carbon for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Emissions Absorption
Authors: Leman Abdul Mutalib bin , Muzarpar Muhammad Syafiq , Maghpor Mohd Norhafsam , Rahman Khairunnisa , Hassan Nik Normunira Mat , Misdan Nurasyikin , Zakaria Supaat
Published: April 2021

High concentration of indoor air contaminant commonly released by human activities, furniture, building materials, carpets, cleaning product and paints. BTEX contains Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) is categorized into VOCs which are indicative of harmful chemicals especially for indoor air. Therefore, it needs the sampling media for absorption before it could be analyse in the specific laboratory. One of the challenging technology to absorb BTEX is by using Palm Shell Activated Carbon (PSAC).  Malaysia has a second largest country that produce palm oil which led to abundant of palm shell as waste material. Activated carbon is created through the carbonization, crushing and activation process. Carbonization process is conducted in various holding time of 1, 2 and 3 hours which called by CT1. CT2 and CT3 hours, respectively. Activation process is conducted through physical activation at temperature of 900 0C for 1 hour, chemical activation is conducted by Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) with ratio of 1:1 (charcoal: chemical) and holding time for 12 hours. It heated by furnace at temperature of 850 0C for 1 hours in order to improve the porosity and larger surface area. The physical properties were conducted by ASTM 3713, 3714 and 3715 for moisture, as and volatile content measurement. Surface morphology and composition as well as porosity image is characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) machine. The result shows that the lowest ash, moisture and volatile content is shown by CT1 sample, but it has not completely carbonized as compared to CT2 and CT3. Moreover, CT3 has highest ash, moisture and volatile content but it has lowest fixed carbon as compared to CT1 and CT2. Therefore, CT2 hours is selected for further process. In microstructure analysis is observed that the PSACphysical+chemical has larger number of porosities with the diameter approximately of 50 to 150 µm, for PSACphysical approximately of 25 to 100 µm and PSACchemical of below than 50 µm. Composition analysis is observed that the sample is mainly consists of Carbon (C), Oxygen (O) and Potassium (K) content. Where larger porosity is in-line with the increment of K content which indicated in larger adsorption capacity. It can be summarized that palm shell with 2 hours carbonization time and it activated become PSACphysical+chemical has a high potential to larger adsorption capacity of indoor air contaminant adsorption. It is being further explore for sampling media of BTEX.
Measurement of Vibration on The Alternator Due to The Influence of Rotation Speed
Authors: Subekti Subekti , Pranoto Hadi , Hidayat Muhammad Nurul , Efendy Basuki Dwi
Published: April 2021

The alternator or dynamo ampere is a device that functions as a generator that produces alternating current (AC) and converts it to direct current (DC). Signs of damage that often occur due to damage to the Alternator are the smell of burning, squeaking, dim spotlights, indicator lights, malfunction of the battery, and the supply of electricity. These signs will cause the vehicle to stop in the middle of the trip the electricity supply is very lacking. This requires that preventive maintenance checks on the alternator are a must in the automotive world. In this paper we research measuring the vibration of the alternator due to the influence of rotation speed (750 rpm and 1800 rpm), to predict damage to the alternator of the Daihatsu Luxio vehicle. The results of this study indicate that at the rotational speed of 750 rpm and 1800 rpm, were found 1x rpm the condition of the vibration amplitude on the alternator is smaller than the alternator in poor condition, this is due to the presence of an unbalanced alternator. Also, vibration due to misalignment is obtained because it has characteristics, among others: vibrations with a frequency of 1xRPM and/or accompanied by a relatively large 2xRPM, and relatively high vibration in the axial direction.
Effectiveness of Coagulation Profile as a marker for blood loss in Elective Craniotomy patients
Authors: Akhunzada Naveed Zaman , Anis Saad Bin , Khan Saad Akhtar , Ujjan Badar Uddin
Published: April 2021

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the role of preoperative coagulation studies in predicting intraoperative blood loss, in patients undergoing elective craniotomy in our tertiary hospital setting. Materials and Methods: This was a Quasi-experimental study conducted at Department of Neurosurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi for a duration of 6 months. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was employed. All admitted neurosurgery patients for elective craniotomy were enrolled and followed as part of the study. Laboratory values including baseline workup e.g. Complete Blood count, PT, activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT), Internationalized Ratio (INR) were taken preoperatively and postoperatively. A predesigned questionnaire for the collection of data was used, which included demographics and clinical information. Approval from the university ethical committee was obtained before starting the study. Data was entered and analysed into SPSS version 21. Effect modifier age, gender, co-morbids, type, and duration of surgery, were controlled through stratification. Post-stratification paired t-test and independent-sample t-test were applied using P ≤ 0.05 as significant.Results: In this study 57 patients who underwent elective craniotomy were included to assess the mean blood loss and to compare mean blood loss in patients with normal and deranged coagulation profiles. The mean age of patients included in the study was 39.36±13.94 years with 43 (75.4%) males and 14 (24.6%) females. The mean preoperative haemoglobin level amongst all patients turned out to be 14.10±3.98 gm/dl. The postoperative haemoglobin level showed a decrease with a mean of 12.68±31.98 gm/dl. Therefore the mean difference calculated between pre and post-operative haemoglobin levels turned out to be 1.42±0.99 gm/dl.Conclusion: It is to be concluded that significant change was found in preoperative and post-operative Haemoglobin levels in patients undergoing elective craniotomy. There was also a highly significant difference in blood loss between patients having a normal versus deranged coagulation profile. However, there is a need to conduct more studies using a large sample size with multiple study sites in Pakistan to validate these results.
Spectrum of Inherited Metabolic Diseases in neonates and children presenting at Izzat Ali Shah Hospital, Wah Cantt.
Authors: Ehtizaz Lubna , Haider Shahzad , Mahmood Zahid , Nazir Sajid , Tehseen Tahira , Mahmood Tahir
Published: April 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of various Inherited Metabolic Diseases (IMDs) in clinically suspected neonates and children in relation to age, gender, and distribution in rural and urban areas.Materials and Methods: A total of 275 symptomatic neonates and children were enrolled for IMDs. A complete medical history, baseline biochemical tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, arterial blood gases, anion gap, serum ammonia, lactate, and urinary ketones were assessed. Any significant microbiological cause for the presenting symptom was excluded. For screening of Inborn Metabolic Error simple Heel prick test was done on PerkinElmer 226 filter paper in newborns and infants. Samples were sent to Jordan for analysis. High-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was the technique used in the screening of a variety of IMDs. The frequency of Inherited Metabolic Diseases and their relation with age, gender, and location was determined using the chi-square goodness of fit test. A p-value ≤ of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 275 subjects screened, 47(17%) had an inherited metabolic disorder, of which 27 were male and 20 were female with a Male to Female ratio of 1.35:1. The difference in metabolic disorders was significantly different between age (p=0.01) and gender (p=0.04). Of the diagnosed cases G6PD disorder was found to be the most frequent disorder 14 (29.79%) of the total diagnosed cases, followed by Aminoaciduria in 9 (19.15%) and Carnitine Uptake Defect in 7 (14.8). Conclusion: The cases detected to have IMDs revealed a significant prevalence. G6PD was detected as the most frequent disorder. A simple Heel prick test on PerkinElmer 226 filter paper is a useful method to detect IMDs, though confirmation is usually required by other tests.
The knowledge regarding Breast Cancer, its risk factors, and screening practices among women from Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Sadia Yasir , Ansari Sadaf Konain , Qureshi Mohsin Khalid , Jaffrey Tamkeen Nishat , Rashid Farah
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Breast Cancer is the rising Public health problem of the world. Pakistan is bearing a high disease burden not only in Asian countries but in the whole world. Pakistan ranks highest in Breast cancer and accounts for almost 34.6%of female cancers. The incidence of the disease in Asian countries is quite different from that in Western countries regarding age i.e. (40-50 years.) while (60-70 years) in Western countries. This study was based on assessing the knowledge regarding breast cancer, risk factors, and screening practices to determine the barriers in the path of the community to seek medical care.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done between October to December 2019 on 310 females participants of ages from 25 to 70 years, residents of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, and knowledge was assessed by applying a self-responding questionnaire.Results: Using SPSS version 23 and chi-square tests, the results showed that 87.7% of participants knew about the prevalence of Breast Cancer. Whereas, 90.3% of the females with the disease are not aware of their illness and show a strong association (p-value is less than 0.05) between knowledge regarding breast cancer and screening tests. Conclusion: The study concluded that 90% of socio-cultural barriers are in the path of access to medical facilities and 90% of participants believed that the non-availability of female doctors in health facilities is a big barrier to access to health. Access to medical facilities should be made easy by promoting health education and removing the fear of results, making small health facility units.
Assessment of Some Habits and Practices related to Complete Denture Wearing – A Survey of Subjects Reporting to Watim Dental Hospital
Authors: Daaniyal Sadia , Afreen Zarah , Afreen Ammarah , Shuja Eruj , Orakzai Gulmina Saeed , Khalil Aamna
Published: April 2021

Objective: To assess some habits and practices related to denture wearing among subjects reporting to Watim Teaching Dental Hospital, Rawalpindi.

Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Watim Dental College, Rawalpindi, from December 2018 to August 2019. Using a pre-structured questionnaire, data were collected from 155 subjects having used complete dentures for a minimum of 6-months. The questionnaire consisted of information including the type of dentures, duration and frequency of denture wearing, and denture cleaning habits. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results: Out of 155 participants, 80 (51.6%) were male and 75 (48.4%) were females. 89 (57.4%) patients use toothbrushes and soap for denture cleaning. 139 (89.7%) participants didn’t wear dentures while sleeping and soaked them in water. 98 (63.2%) respondents were not using antiseptic oral rinse and were casual in mouth-cleaning.

Conclusion: From this study, it is concluded that 65 (41.9%) subjects were cleaning their dentures once a day. The study also reveals that 65 (41.9%) edentulous participants were not able to clean their oral cavity. Dentists should emphasize the importance of recall visits to evaluate the status of denture hygiene along with mucosal surface examination. Patient motivation to follow hygiene instructions and informing them about the harmful effects of overnight wearing of dentures should be part of delivering the prostheses to them.
Platelet Indices as Potential Monitoring Biomarkers in COVID-19: A New Hope
Authors: Khalid Attika , Saeed Sami , Rehan Madeeha , Arif Nadia
Published: April 2021

Objective: To investigate the relationship between established acute inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients with Mean platelet volume (MPV) and Platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR).

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal study conducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi from 10th June to 10th August 2020. Biochemical parameters i.e. CRP, serum ferritin, LDH, and pro-BNP as well as hematological parameters (MPV and P-LCR) were noted once every week during admission of all the COVID-19 positive patients.Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 23. Repeated measure ANOVA using a generalized linear model was done to check the trend of values during the duration of their stay. Pearson Correlation analysis and regression models were estimated to check the relationship of MPV and P-LCR with C- reactive protein, serum Ferritin, LDH, and pro-BNP. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean age of the studied group was 55.47 (SD=±15.0) years with the female to male ratio being 2:1. Mean platelet volume showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the established set of inflammatory markers other than pro-BNP with a p-value of less than 0.05.P-LCR however showed a positive correlation with CRP (p-value of less than 0.05) only with no significant correlation with other biochemical markers.

Conclusion: MPV is reported on routine complete blood count report (CBC). It is readily available at even the most under-resourced health centers; therefore reporting the platelet indices does not require extra testing, sampling, or reagent cost. A statistically significant positive correlation amongst the established acute inflammatory markers and relatively understudied platelet indices (MPV) in COVID-19 provides a cost-effective, readily available, and time-efficient tool for marking disease progression.
Türkiye’deki Tenis Turnuvalarının Bölgesel ve Niceliksel Analizi
Authors: PEKEL Aydın , KILIÇKAYA Okan
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye sınırları içerisinde son 10 yılda düzenlenen tüm tenis müsabakalarını inceleyerek, tenis atlasını çıkarmak, hangi bölgede hangi klasmanda organizasyonların yapıldığını sınıflandırarak, tenisin bölgelere göre yayılım düzeylerini incelemektir. Araştırmada Türkiye Tenis Federasyonu (TTF) ve ITF’in (Uluslararası Tenis Federasyonu) düzenlediği ulusal ve uluslararası turnuvalar incelenirken, 2010-2019 yılları arasında düzenlenen tenis turnuvalarının sayıları, klasmanları, tenis kulüpleri ve aktif sporcu sayıları incelenmiş ve ilgili değişkenlere göre sınıflandırılmıştır. İstatistiki veriler için TTF’ye ait bir yazılım olan, I-kort Sistemi’nden ve ITF resmi sitesinden faydalanılmış, verilerin analizinde, içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; Türkiye’de son 10 yılda en yoğun katılımlı tenis turnuvalarının 2018 yılında düzenlendiği, en çok 18 yaş altı kategoride sporcuların turnuvaya katılım gösterdikleri görülmektedir. Düzenlenen 4.094 tenis turnuvasının %75’inin ulusal, %22’sinin de uluslararası turnuvalar olduğu, ulusal turnuvaların en çok İstanbul, İzmir ve Muğla’da oynandığı, uluslararası turnuvalarda da Antalya’nın ön plana çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. En çok aktif tenisçinin 925 sporcu ile İstanbul’da bulunduğu, kayıtlı 5.650 lisanslı tenisçinin 4113’ünün ferdi sporcu olarak mücadele ettikleri kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Türkiye’de düzenlenen tenis turnuvaları, tenis kulüpleri ve aktif tenis sporcuları incelendiğinde en çok İstanbul, İzmir, Antalya gibi tenise uygun coğrafi iklimi ve çok sayıda tesisleri olan illerin başı çektiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca tenisçilerin en çok 12-18 yaş aralığında mücadele ettikleri, 18 yaşından itibaren profesyonel tenise geçiş yapmak yerine turnuvalara katılım göstermedikleri tespit edilmiştir. TTF’nin tenisi tüm coğrafi bölgelere yayma konusunda Doğu Ligi oluşturma vb. faaliyetlerde bulunduğu ancak bu çalışmaların başta başkent Ankara olmak üzere sınırlı kaldığı görülmektedir.
Cardiorenal Protection in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lee Jason F. , Berzan Ecaterina , Sridhar Vikas S. , Odutayo Ayodele , Cherney David Z.I.
Published: April 2021

Over the last 5 years there have been many new developments in the management of diabetic kidney disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were initially used for glycemic control, but more recent studies have now shown that their benefits extend to cardiovascular and kidney outcomes. The recent addition of data on the novel mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) gives us another approach to further decrease the residual risk of diabetic kidney disease progression. In this review we describe the mechanism of action, key studies, and possible adverse effects related to these three classes of medications. The management of type 2 diabetes now includes an increasing number of medications for the management of comorbidities in a patient population at significant risk of cardiovascular disease and progression of chronic kidney disease. It is from this perspective that we seek to outline the rationale for the sequential and/or combined use of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 RA and MRAs in patients with type 2 diabetes for heart and kidney protection.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF IATROGENIC COMPLEX RECURRENT EXTRASPHINCTER ANORECTAL FISTULA: A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Markaryan D. R. , Garmanova T. N. , Kazachenko E. A. , Agapov M. A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Anorectal fistula is a benign disease with an average prevalence of 1.69/10,000 population. The disease significantly reduces the life quality and has a tendency to relapse. Repeated surgical treatment can lead to anal sphincter impairment. Paraproctitis is the main anorectal fistulas cause. However, there are also iatrogenic traumatic fistulas that occur after various anorectal surgical interventions.Clinical case: A 44-year old female patient applied to the MSU University clinic in March 2020 with perineal wound with permanent purulent discharge. During examination perianal soft tissue defect was determined, the external fistula opening (40x25x25cm) was visualized at the wound bottom, the internal fistula opening (2x3mm) was visualized at 12h of the clock dial. The perianal area is deformed due to scarring. In 2016 the patient underwent surgical «rectocele elimination, posterior colporaphy, levatoroplasty, plastic surgery of the anterior rectal wall». Obstructive defecation syndrome developed during postoperative period, and repeated surgical treatment was performed – anterior anosfincterolevatoroplasty, Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy.On the 9th day, there was a «perianal soft tissue rupture» with bleeding and «local anterior rectal wall damage in the suprasphincter zone». Then «the rectal defect suturing» was performed. The perineal wound was left open. The patient was reoperated in 3 months due to a rectovaginal fistula with no effect. A fistulectomy was performed at the Moscow State University Medical Center with the removal of the anal canal defect by mucosal-submucosal flap. The surgical wound heals by secondary tension.Conclusion: The current studies describe a small number of cases of anorectal fistulas secondary to anorectal surgery. At the same time, there is no data on the further surgical management of such patients. It is important to present the iatrogenic anorectal fistulas cases, not only to analyze the fistula cause, but also to describe the surgical treatment method and its efficacy.
THE ROLE OF MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD. REVIEW
Authors: Kubyshkin V. A. , Samokhodskaya L. M. , Korolev Yu. M.
Published: April 2021

Despite all the achievements of modern surgery, the number of postoperative infectious complications in the world remains high. Their occurrence leads to a longer period of patients’ hospitalization, requires the use of additional medical and diagnostic measures, which ultimately leads to higher treatment costs and significant financial losses in the health care system. Therefore, it is important to identify postoperative complications at an early stage, even before the development of pronounced clinical symptoms, and to predict their possible development in a certain category of patients. For these purposes, scientists try to use various laboratory markers. In this paper, we analyzed both well-known indicators of the inflammatory response, such as: C-reactive protein, albumin, their ratio, procalcitonin and interleukin-6, and relatively new parameters that research teams are trying to apply for these purposes: neutrophil granularity intensity and neutrophil reactivity intensity, pancreatic stone protein and pancreatitis-associated protein. We tried to collect the most complete information available at the moment, evaluate the opinions of researchers, identify contradictions in their works and try to explain their cause. As a result, it turned out that even the markers of inflammation known for many years are not absolutely specific for postoperative infectious complications. We concluded that most of the laboratory parameters described in this article can be used to some extent in the early diagnosis of postoperative infectious complications, but if we want to obtain more complete information in this area of knowledge, it is necessary to conduct new largescale studies.
THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF REMITTANCES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INEQUALITY IN WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Bajra Ujkan Q.
Published: April 2021

Hardly any studies have investigated the impact of migrant remittances on economic growth (EG) and inequality in the Western Balkans as a whole (WB6). Using the method of instrumental variables (VI), the findings show that while remittances influence economic growth, their inflow also promotes a high level of migration and absorbs a large workforce by influencing the labor market and encouraging uncontrolled individual relocation. This paper also reveals that although remittances have eased income inequalities the share of remittances in a country’s economy has declined over the years. After testing for the endogeneity of remittances and controlling for various variables, the results indicate that migrant workers’ remittances do not provide strong support for economic growth and inequality. For the sample average, a 1-percent rise in the share of remittances in the economy (i.e., to GDP) will lead to a 0.10-percent rise in the economic cycle i.e. GDP growth, respectively will lead to a 0.05-percent drop in the share of people living in inequality. The findings also show that the interactive effect of remittances and foreign direct investment is lower on economic growth and inequality than the individual effect of each factor.
COLLAPSE WARNING SYSTEM USING LSTM NEURAL NETWORKS FOR CONSTRUCTION DISASTER PREVENTION IN EXTREME WIND WEATHER
Authors: Wei Chih-Chiang
Published: April 2021

Strong wind during extreme weather conditions (e.g., strong winds during typhoons) is one of the natural factors that cause the collapse of frame-type scaffolds used in façade work. This study developed an alert system for use in determining whether the scaffold structure could withstand the stress of the wind force. Conceptually, the scaffolds collapsed by the warning system developed in the study contains three modules. The first module involves the establishment of wind velocity prediction models. This study employed various deep learning and machine learning techniques, namely deep neural networks, long short-term memory neural networks, support vector regressions, random forest, and k-nearest neighbors. Then, the second module contains the analysis of wind force on the scaffolds. The third module involves the development of the scaffold collapse evaluation approach. The study area was Taichung City, Taiwan. This study collected meteorological data from the ground stations from 2012 to 2019. Results revealed that the system successfully predicted the possible collapse time for scaffolds within 1 to 6 h, and effectively issued a warning time. Overall, the warning system can provide practical warning information related to the destruction of scaffolds to construction teams in need of the information to reduce the damage risk.
Connection between Galaxies and H i in Circumgalactic and Intergalactic Media: Variation according to Galaxy Stellar Mass and Star Formation Activity
Authors: Momose Rieko , Shimizu Ikkoh , Nagamine Kentaro , Shimasaku Kazuhiro , Kashikawa Nobunari , Kusakabe Haruka
Published: April 2021

This paper systematically investigates the comoving megaparsec-scale intergalactic medium (IGM) environment around galaxies traced by the Lyα forest. Using our cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, we investigate the IGM–galaxy connection at z = 2 by two methods: (i) cross-correlation analysis between galaxies and the fluctuation of Lyα forest transmission (δ
F) and (ii) comparison of the overdensity of neutral hydrogen (H i) and galaxies. Our simulations reproduce observed cross-correlation functions (CCFs) between Lyα forest and Lyman-break galaxies. We further investigate the variation of the CCF using subsamples divided by dark matter halo mass (M
DH), galaxy stellar mass (M
⋆), and star formation rate (SFR) and find that the CCF signal becomes stronger with increasing M
DH, M
⋆, and SFR. The CCFs between galaxies and gas density fluctuation are also found to have similar trends. Therefore, the variation of δ
F–CCF depending on M
DH, M
⋆, and SFR is due to varying gas densities around galaxies. We find that the correlation between galaxies and the IGM H i distribution strongly depends on M
DH as expected from linear theory. Our results support the ΛCDM paradigm, confirming a spatial correlation between galaxies and IGM H i, with more massive galaxies being clustered in higher-density regions.
Revealing a New Black Widow Binary 4FGL J0336.0+7502
Authors: Li Kwan-Lok , Jane Yap Y. X. , Hui Chung Yue , Kong Albert K. H.
Published: April 2021

We report on the discovery of a promising candidate for a black widow (BW) millisecond pulsar binary, 4FGL J0336.0+7502, which shows many pulsar-like properties in the 4FGL-DR2 catalog. Within the 95% error region of the LAT source, we identified an optical counterpart with a clear periodicity at P
orb = 3.718178(9) hr using the Bohyunsan 1.8 m Telescope, the Lulin One-meter Telescope, the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, and Gemini-North. At the optical position, an X-ray source was marginally detected in the Swift/X-Ray Telescope archival data, and the detection was confirmed by our Chandra/ACIS DDT observation. The spectrum of the X-ray source can be described by a power-law model of Γ
x
= 1.6 ± 0.7 and

erg cm−2 s−1. The X-ray photon index and the low X-ray-to-γ-ray flux ratio (i.e., <1%) are both consistent with that of many known BW pulsars. There is also a hint of an X-ray orbital modulation in the Chandra data, although the significance is very low (1.3σ). If the pulsar identity and the X-ray modulation are confirmed, it would be the fifth BW millisecond pulsar binary that showed an orbitally modulated emission in X-rays.
Assessing the Stellar Population and the Environment of an H ii Region on the Far Side of the Galaxy*
Authors: Chené André-Nicolas ,   (VVV Survey), Benjamin Robert A. ,   (Glimpse Survey), Ramírez-Alegría Sebastian , Borissova Jura , Kurtev Radostin , Bidin Christian Moni , Mauro Francesco , Lucas Phil , Guo Zhen , Smith Leigh C. , Gonzalez-Fernandez Carlos , Ivanov Valentin D. , Minniti Dante ,   (VVV Survey), Anderson Loren. D. , Armentrout William. P. , Gonzalez Danilo , Herrero Artemio , Ramírez Karla Peña
Published: April 2021

We have investigated the stellar and interstellar content of the distant star formation region IRAS 17591-2228 (WISE H ii region GAL 007.47+0.06). It is associated with a water maser, whose parallax distance is

kpc, supported by independent measurements of proper motion and radial velocity. It is projected in the same direction as an extremely red (J−K

S
∼ 6 mag) group of stars, and a shell of mid-infrared emission. We qualify the group of stars as a cluster candidate, VVV CL177. Its radius spans between 0.′45 and 1′ and contains at least two young stellar objects with an extreme extinction near

mag. Yet more analysis will be required to determine if it is a real single cluster associated with the water maser. The 13CO emissions at the radial velocity of the maser corresponds to the mid-infrared emission.
Nonlinear Ion-acoustic Waves, Ion Holes, and Electron Holes in the Near-Sun Solar Wind
Authors: Mozer F. S. , Bonnell J. W. , Hanson E. L. M. , Gasque L. C. , Vasko I. Y.
Published: April 2021

Nonlinear ion-acoustic waves, ion holes, and electron holes have been observed on the Parker Solar Probe at a heliocentric distance of 35 solar radii. These time domain structures contain millisecond duration electric field spikes of several mV m−1. They are observed inside or at boundaries of switchbacks in the background magnetic field. Their presence in switchbacks indicates that both electron- and ion-streaming electrostatic instabilities occur there to thermalize electron and ion beams.
Re-introduction of the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in Bulgaria - preliminary results from the ongoing establishment phase by 2020
Authors: Lazarova Ivanka , Petrov Rusko , Andonova Yana , Klisurov Ivaylo , Dixon Andrew
Published: April 2021

Considered extinct as breeding species in the early 2000s, the Saker Falcon was recovered when the first active nest from the new history of the species in Bulgaria was discovered in 2018, formed of two birds that were re-introduced back in 2015. Currently, there is only one confirmed wild breeding pair in the country - the male from 2015 with a female changed in 2020, released again as a part of the programme, in 2016. This is a report on the preliminary results and analysis of the ongoing establishment phase of the re-introduction of the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in Bulgaria - first ever performed for this species in the country and globally. The period studied is 2015-2020. Following the re-introduction activities started in 2011, the current phase is defined by standardised methodology and a unified approach. Analysed and presented are methods for captive breeding and hacking, the breeding performance of the falcons, the number of released individuals, data from the post-fledging dependence period and a model of population growth.
Construction of metronidazole capped in gold nanoparticles against Helicobacter pylori: antimicrobial activity improvement
Authors: Fateh Roohollah , Javadi Ali , Kardan-Yamch Jalil , Ali Rahdar Hossein , Amini Masumeh , Ghasemi Fatemeh , Azimi Akram , Davarpanah Masoumeh , Mohammadzadeh Razieh
Published: April 2021

Introduction:Helicobacter pylori is considered a major agent causing gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Unfortunately, the occurrence of increasing drug resistance to this bacterium would result in some difficulties in its treatment. Therefore, the application of nanotechnology has been suggested to resolve such problems. Nanoparticles usage in medical research has been expanded in recent years. Among nanometals, gold nanoparticles have exclusive features that can be used in such applications. Using nanotechnology in medical science could help mankind to solve this problem in the future.

Aim: Our aim in this research was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of gold nanoparticles on H. pylori strains.

Materials and methods: Gold nanoparticles were synthesized by the Turkevich method. Then, their size and dispersion were investigated using spectrophotometry, DLS, and TEM microscopy. Subsequently, the combination of metronidazole and gold nanoparticles was obtained by mixing method, and then the anti-helicobacter effects of the two were evaluated according to CLSI.

Results: The highest size of gold nanoparticles was between 12 and 9 nm, and the maximum absorbance was 522 nm; however, in conjugated state, the maximum absorbance was 540 nm, which indicated the accumulation of drug-conjugated nanoparticles in the conjugate state. Some changes indicated the binding of metronidazole to gold nanoparticles. Antimicrobial testing of gold nanoparticles and metronidazole did not affect the Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, the combination of gold nanoparticles and metronidazole had a 17-mm growth inhibition zone.

Conclusions: The anti-helicobacter effects of metronidazole significantly increased in conjugation with gold nanoparticles.
Dental fear and anxiety in children: a review of the environmental factors
Authors: Shindova Maria P. , Belcheva Ani B.
Published: April 2021

Dental fear and anxiety are psychological reactions that interfere significantly with daily life. They are problems suffered by many patients worldwide that remain a significant challenge to providing adequate dental care. The multifactorial etiology of children’s dental fear and anxiety identifies the influence of many different risk factors in its development.

The aim of this review article is to analyse the scientific literature regarding the different factors associated with dental fear and anxiety in children. Our review of the literature presents a critical analysis of the contributing factors in dental environment that have been investigated in the literature and provides an insight into the possible explanations on the influence of these factors in pediatric patients.

Being familiar with these factors would facilitate behaviour management in anxious children. The findings of the literature review give grounds to undertake studies investigating the influence of contributing factors in all pediatric age subgroups.
Evaluation of serum vitamin D levels in COVID-19 positive critically ill adults
Authors: Alsegai Ola , Sridharan Kannan , Hammad Mona , Hammad Mustafa Mohamed
Published: April 2021

Background: Contradictory evidence exists regarding the association between serum vitamin D levels and the severity and outcomes in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients. We undertook the present study to evaluate the serum vitamin D levels with the other laboratory biomarkers, and the outcomes in our critically ill patients.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in 58 critically ill adults. Details on their demographics, laboratory parameters such as 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, interleukin-6, serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase (CK), D-dimer, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, procalcitonin, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were retrieved. Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized as follows: ≥50 nmol/L – normal; 30–49 – insufficient; and <30 nmol/L – deficient. Post-hoc, we also compared the outcomes between those with 25(OH)D levels of 80 nmol/L and above, with those of <80 nmol/L.

Results: Fifty-eight patients were recruited of which 31 (53.4%) died. Mean ± SD serum 25(OH)D levels amongst the study participants were 48.5 ± 27.7 nmol/L. Twenty-two (37.9%) individuals had insufficient 25(OH)D levels, and 15 (25.9%) were deficient. Eight (13.8%) participants had their serum 25(OH)D levels ≥80 nmol/L. Median (range) 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different between those who died compared to those alive [41 (20–162) vs. 41 (17–86) nmol/L; p = 0.8]. Significantly higher D-dimer levels were observed amongst those with <80 nmol/L serum 25(OH)D levels. No significant differences were observed between 25(OH)D and other laboratory biomarkers except for elevated CK in patients with insufficient 25(OH)D levels.

Conclusion: We did not observe any significant differences in the serum 25(OH)D levels amongst our critically ill adults who died and who were alive at the time of their admission.
« Les faits sont toujours des amis »
Authors: Behr Michael , Zeller Odile , Brison Céline
Published: April 2021

Tant les recherches singulières que les méta-analyses établissent que les grands courants en psychothérapie bénéficient tous d’une efficacité similaire. La psychothérapie centrée sur la personne et expérientielle obtient en particulier d’aussi bons résultats que la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale, surtout lorsque les recherches prennent en compte l’appartenance des chercheurs à une orientation particulière. De nombreuses recherches portant sur les thérapies avec des enfants ou des adolescents le démontrent également. Le travail thérapeutique centré sur la personne et expérientiel obtient même des résultats encore un peu meilleurs en comparaison avec la thérapie centrée sur la personne « classique ». Les recherches qualitatives confirment la théorie centrée sur la personne des processus des clients et relativisent le regard se portant exclusivement sur les symptômes. De même, il existe tellement de recherches spécifiques sur l’efficacité de l’Approche centrée sur la personne en fonction des troubles que les méta-analyses tenant compte de ces recherches singulières peuvent donner des mesures d’efficacité spécifiques en fonction des troubles. Dans des champs d’application voisins tels que la thérapie filiale (entre parents et enfants ou adolescents), l’entretien motivationnel, la méthode Gordon et dans tout le domaine scolaire et éducatif, les méta-analyses prouvent également l’efficacité significative de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. La recherche empirique en psychothérapie est associée historiquement à Rogers et à l’Approche centrée sur la personne. Sa formule « Les faits sont toujours des amis » le révèle comme un chercheur d’une rare exigence. La plupart des chercheurs cognitivo-comportementaux voient d’ailleurs la thérapie centrée sur la personne et expérientielle d’un bon œil. Les limitations de la méthode méta-analytique, en particulier dans le choix des recherches incluses, mènent, dans certains cas isolés, à des artefacts non fondés méthodologiquement, selon lesquels une méthode l’emporterait sur les autres.
Ce que peut la littérature. Lire Charlotte Delbo
Authors: Dunant Ghislaine
Published: April 2021

Je montre comment une œuvre littéraire a pu raccommoder le trou qu’a fait dans mon humanité la catastrophe d’Auschwitz. Charlotte Delbo fait voir les scènes vécues à Birkenau avec une écriture lucide jusqu’à l’épouvante et un regard d’empathie. Sa langue sait rendre les sensations vécues et créer des images visuelles dont la concision, les registres, les contrastes atteignent une beauté qui me soigne de l’effroi, et m’offrent une qualité d’émotion au moment où ce qui est décrit me dessoude de mon humanité. Ses livres racontent des solidarités qui ont permis à certaines de survivre, et comment la culture personnelle a pu agir pour agrandir la conscience de soi, la perspective de son destin. Son écriture prend le chemin inverse des images de l’extermination de masse. Pour lire une des plus grandes tragédies de l’histoire, elle accorde au lecteur de l’espace et du temps et montre la nécessité de ces deux notions pour exister comme sujet pour soi, dans la société, dans le monde.
Le rôle du cadre de santé dans la perte et la (re)construction de sens au travail à l’hôpital. Une étude exploratoire par entretiens semi-directifs auprès du personnel soignant
Authors: Moisson Virginie , Gardody Jérôme
Published: April 2021

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude qualitative exploratoire menée auprès d’infirmières confrontées à une construction/perte de sens au travail ainsi que le rôle que peut potentiellement jouer le cadre de santé dans cette relation. L’étude porte ainsi sur le management du sens au travail dans le contexte spécifique des établissements de santé. Il s’agit de répondre à la question de recherche : comment construire ou reconstruire le sens au travail dans les établissements de santé ? Une analyse de contenu des données recueillies à partir de 19 entretiens semi-directifs est réalisée et met en exergue les déterminants de ce qui fait sens et de ce qui nourrit la perte de sens pour le personnel soignant questionné. Il apparaît que les quatre dimensions du modèle SLAC (Sens/Lien/Activité/Confort) développé par Abord de Châtillon et Richard (2015) sont retrouvées dans les propos recueillis. En effet, au regard de nos résultats empiriques 3 dimensions (Lien, Activité et Confort) semblent constituer des facteurs de la construction de sens et des leviers pour sa reconstruction par les cadres de santé.
Methods of Teaching - Revisited The Lecture
Authors: Cooper Signe S
Published: April 2021

This is the 24th in a series of articles describing methods of teaching. Readers are invited to submit short articles on strategies useful in teaching adults.
Evelyn K. Tomes
Authors: Wise Patricia S Yoder
Published: April 2021

Evelyn K. Tomes is Professor and Chairman of the Department of Nursing Education at Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee.
Some Basic Facts About Models, Nursing Conceptualizations, and Nursing Theories
Authors: Capers Cynthia Flynn
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The continuing education content pertinent to an introduction of models, nursing conceptualization, and nursing theories for nurses is specified. Teaching methods are described and illustrations given. The author states experiences in using these guidelines for continuing education to prepare practicing nurses for use of the Neuman Systems Model as a conceptualization for nursing practice.
Guidelines for Selecting Software
Authors: Spector Audrey F
Published: April 2021

Computer Ease
Meeting the Continuing Education Needs of Nurses in Rural Settings
Authors: Anderson Jamie , Kimber Karen
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Access to continuing education (CE) for rural nurses is hampered by distance, cost factors, and the lack of sufficient personnel to provide coverage when nurses are away from work. Additionally, because rural nurses function as generalists rather than specialists, CE programs should focus on the generalist perspective. The Nevada Area Health Education Center (AHEC) has developed a partnership model for providing CE that addresses these considerations, bringing educational programs to the rural site eliminates travel, cost, and coverage problems for the hospitals. In turn, a close working relationship between AHEC and rural personnel to assess needs and coordinate the planning is critical. Attention to logistical detail is critical. The partnership model described is the foundation of a year-round CE program for nurses working in rural and frontier areas.
Self-Instructional Posters: One Way to Save Time and Money
Authors: Healey Kathleen M , Hoffman Marcia A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Getting staff to continuing education programs can be difficult due to time, staffing, and cost restraints. A self-instructional module combined with a teaching poster format has had a favorable response from participants. This format has the capability of reaching a higher number of participants and is both time- and cost-effective.
Blueprint for Proficient Practice: An Adult Medical-Surgical Nursing Orientation Program
Authors: Angelucci Donna , Todaro Arleen
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Medical-surgical nursing is a speciality that is long overdue for acknowledgment. Our hospital orientation program provides an integration of theory and practical experience using the principles of adult learning.

Faculty maintain "facilitator" rather than "instructional" roles and develop supportive and collaborative relationships with the new nurse. Its concise plan and design is intended to have a favorable impact on professional nursing practice and patient care outcomes. In addition, the program has promoted a recruitment advantage in today's arena of educational competitiveness.
A Psychoeducational Model for Changing Nurses' AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices
Authors: Flaskerud Jacquelyn H
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A review of the research literature over the last five years reveals that nurses' knowledge of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has improved dramatically. However, attitudes and fears about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have not changed commensurately with nurses' knowledge. Also, there is evidence that nurses' clinical practice is not always safe. This paper summarizes the research literature and proposes a three-tiered psychoeducational model for changing knowledge and clinical skills, knowledge and attitudes, and attitudes alone. These approaches include information and demonstration, expression of attitudes and fears, role-playing, group discussions, practice in designing policies, and exposure to various socioculturel groups, to persons with HIV, and to religious, legal, and ethical spokespersons.
Data Collection as an Educational Process
Authors: Bostrom Janet , Dibble Suzanne , Rizzuto Carmela
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Data collection, an experiential method for learning about the research process, may affect the attitudes and future research involvement of nurse data collectors. This study describes the effects of the data collection experience on nurses' perceptions of nursing research and the research environment and on their plans for research involvement. Implications of using the data collection experience as an educational process about research are included.
Differentiating Impact Evaluation From Evaluation Research: One Perspective of Implications for Continuing Nursing Education
Authors: Waddell Donna L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Practitioners of continuing nursing education need to be able to distinguish between impact evaluation and evaluation research reported in the literature. Failure to do so may lead to invalid conclusions or faulty decision-making. This article defines impact evaluation and evaluation research, compares them across seven dimensions, and describes their strengths and weaknesses.
Fun and Games in Nursing Staff Development
Authors: Gruending Debra Lee , Fenty Daryl , Hogan Terri
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Games can make learning fun and stimulating. This learning strategy is particularly useful in providing factual information to orientees. This article describes a game developed to orient staff nurses and unit clerks at the Calgary General Hospital in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, to agency policies and procedures.
Formative Evaluation of a Nursing Orientation Program: Self-Paced vs. Lecture-Discussion
Authors: Grant Patricia
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Formative program evaluation is a useful process to assess the effectiveness and stability of changes in a program over time. This process documented the effectiveness of changing a medical center nursing orientation program from traditional lecture-discussion to self-learning modules (SLMs). The results of the formative program evaluation confirmed that SLMs were the method of choice for most learners. SLMs focus on adult learning principles more than traditional methods, i.e., lecture-discussion. However, the results of this program evaluation also indicate that staff development educators need to vary teaching methods along with the use of SLMs.