bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIBLICAL PRECEDENT UNITS AS INTERTEXTUAL ELEMENTS IN CONTEMPORARY MEDIA DISCOURSE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rubtsova Svetlana Y.
Published: March 2023

Modern media discourse is featured by a certain freedom of choice of linguistic means to express the author’s intention or to draw attention to the event covered. Globalisation of the information space initiates dynamic processes of image perception and reinterpretation of universal concepts under the conditions of intercultural communication. The article deals with the analysis of biblical precedent units as intertextual inclusions for linguistic expressiveness with a profound pragmatic component in the language of modern media and the Internet. The research is devoted to investigation ofbiblicism functioning specifics in media discourse which is considered a driving force of modern language. Correlations of global bible concepts in different linguistic communities are also considered. For contextual interpretation of biblical precedent units in modern media discourse the following methods were implemented: descriptive-comparative method, the method of continuous sampling, the method of contextual analysis, the method of interpretation. It was found that the rich internal form of the biblical concept increases the pragmatic potential of intertextual context, performing the following functions: expressiveness, philosophical reconsideration, symbolism, provocation, initiation of semantic association, and text quintessence. On the example of illustrative material, taken from a corpus of media — Russian, British, American periodicals and the information space of the Internet, it is shown that the main biblical meanings and concepts are universal in terms of associative chains, formed in the consciousness of the recipient. On this basis, the conclusion is made that some correlations exist between different forms of presentation of religious doctrine and their modern interpretation, which found expression in a certain connection of some concepts and evaluations. Refs 15.
THE RUSSIAN CONSTRUCTION CHTO X, CHTO Y: ISSUES IN ITS SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Tiskin Daniel B.
Published: March 2023

The Russian coordinative construction chto X, chto Y ‘whether X or Y; both X and Y’ merits attention for several reasons: first, due to the absence of systematic corpus-based studies of its use; second, due to the lack of clarity as to the composition of its meaning from those of its parts, including chto itself, which has a multitude of uses in Russian; and finally, due to the complexity of the relations between the multiple uses of chto. This paper undertakes a quantitative study of the construction in the main corpus of the Russian National Corpus, establishing the emergence of purely conjunctive uses on a par with pre-existing free choice uses and embedded alternative question uses, which appear to be going out of use. Further, I interpret free choice uses as an instance of the unconditional (concessive conditional) construction known from the literature to be segmented into two clausal parts and to involve no overt conditional complementiser, just as Russian uses in question behave. Basing on this observation, I suggest that the three kinds of uses share the same semantics of the construction, i. e. the alternative set {X, Y}, and show how the meanings of three requisite types can be derived from it. Finally, the connection between chto and alternative set formation calls for a new look on the relation between pronominal and complementiser uses of chto where the emergence of the latter is mediated by a stage at which the pronominal chto occupies a projection associated with clausal polarity. Refs 20.
THE NOUN BUCKET: THE FIGURATIVE SENSE OVERLOOKED BY DICTIONARIES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Tolochin Igor V.
Published: March 2023

The paper makes a strong case for treating figurative contexts of an English word as an important factor in the disambiguation of its polysemy and in the search for successful sense definitions. The noun bucket has been selected for a case study. A comparative study of the definition of bucket in Lexico online dictionary and in a number of selected contexts drawn from electronic databases clearly demonstrates the inconclusive information the dictionary provides about the meaning of this noun. The root cause of this is attributed to the insufficient attention the lexicographers have paid to the markers of the figurative use of bucket in context. The analysis of figurative contexts has made it possible to define a separate figurative sense of this word and also to account for the meaning and the expressive potential of the compound bucket list and the phrase kick the bucket traditionally considered a non-compositional idiom meaning die. The analysis of the figurative sense of bucket also reveals a strong positive evaluative charge at the very core of the meaning of this word. A hypothesis is proposed that further study of the evaluative potential of the nouns bucket, pail and can may clarify the differences in their meaning and help avoid cross-references in dictionary definitions. Defining the figurative sense of bucket adds a missing link to the systemic representation of its meaning in dictionaries and highlights its role in informing the expressive potential and meaning of bucket list and kick the bucket. Refs 15.
Art and fossils: the illustrators of Lucas Mallada’s paleontological Synopsis (1875-1892)
Authors: Rábano Isabel
Published: March 2023

The Commission for the Geological Map of Spain planned a monumental work in the 19 th century, the “Synopsis of the fossil species found in Spain”, in which descriptions of the characteristic fossils of geological periods had to be combined with their illustrations in a paleontographical atlas. The objective was to constitute an auxiliary tool for those people who, without reference books at their reach, could determine in a practical way the Spanish geological formations. This work, which was to be published over several years, was entrusted to the mining engineer Lucas Mallada y Pueyo. The fossil drawings were handled by three artists: Teresa Madasú, José Cebrián and Fernando de los Villares Amor. The work was never completed, but between 1875 and 1892 250 plates of Cambrian to Paleogene fossils were published, most of them (206) drawn by Teresa Madasú, who therefore stands as the pioneer of  paleontological illustration in Spain.
Bir Sözlüğün Arap Gramerine Katkısı: Kitâbu'l-'Ayn Örneği
Authors: Yılmaz Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Araştırmanın amacı, bir sözlük olarak kendi alanında mihenk taş sayılan ve Halîl b. Ahmed el-Ferâhîdî’ye (ö. 175/791) nispet edilen Kitâbu'l-'ayn’ın sözlükçülük dışındaki bir alan olarak Arap gramerine yaptığı katkıyı ortaya koymaktır. Öncelikli olarak adı geçen eser taranmak suretiyle içerdiği gramer meseleleri üzerinden, yine kendi alanında bir mihenk taşı olarak görülen Ebû Bişr Amr b. Osmân Sîbeveyhi (ö. 180/796) ve eseri el-Kitâb’ı başta olmak üzere diğer müelliflerin eserlerinde bu tespitlere yaptıkları iktibaslar değerlendirilerek Kitâbu’l-’ayn'ın katkısı ortaya konulmuştur. Nitel yöntemle gerçekleştirilen araştırmada, hicri ilk üç asırda yaşamış Basra ve Kûfe dil mektebi dilcilerinin bu iki esere yaptıkları atfılar üzerinden Arap gramerinin gelişmesinde aldıkları rol örneklerle gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Belirtilen zaman diliminde, oluşumları tam olarak gerçekleşmediği için diğer dil mektebi mensuplarına değinilmemiştir. Böylece Kitâbu’l-’ayn örneklemesinden yola çıkarak; genellikle yazıldığı dönemde de sözlük veya mu’cem diye adlandırılan bu tür eserlerin Arap sözcük hazinesi veya lügatini incelemelerinin yanında “gramer konularını da içeriyor mu?” sorusunun olumlu cevabı teyit edilmiştir.
Knockdown of Programmed Death 1 Inhibited Progression of Papillary
Thyroid Carcinoma in Mice
Authors: Wang Hui , Chu Qianqian , Ma Shihong , Tao Ying
Published: March 2023

Background:

PD-L1 and PD1 mainly focused on melanoma, lung cancer and other tumors,
while the related studies on early lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma were rarely
reported.

Objective:

For elucidating the role of programmed death 1 (PD1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)
pathway in tumor growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods:

Human thyroid cancer cell line and human normal thyroid cell line were obtained and
transfected with si-PD1 or pCMV3-PD1 for the construction of PD1 knockdown or overexpression
models. BALB/c mice were purchased for in vivo studies. Nivolumab was implemented for in vivo
inhibition of PD1. Western blotting was performed for determining protein expression, while RTqPCR
was used to measure relative mRNA levels.

Results:

The PD1 and PD-L1 levels were both significantly upregulated in PTC mice, while the
knockdown of PD1 downregulated both PD1 and PD-L1 levels. Protein expression of VEGF and FGF2
was increased in PTC mice, while si-PD1 decreased their expression. Silencing of PD1 using si-PD1
and nivolumab both inhibited tumor growth in PTC mice.

Conclusion:

Suppressing PD1/PD-L1 pathway significantly contributed to the tumor regression of
PTC in mice.
Integration of LC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and Network Pharmacology to Analyze
the Active Components of Sijunzi Decoction and their Mechanism of
Action Against Cytotoxicity-associated Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Chen Yiying , Han Sixuan , Kang An , Fu Rui , Chen Li , Guo Jinrui , Wang Qiong
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a classical prescription in traditional Chinese
medicine that enhances neuroimmune endocrine function to alleviate inflammatory aging, a key
pathogenic mechanism underlying premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, the mechanism
through which SJZD alleviates POI remains unknown. Hence, we aimed to identify the active
components of SJZD and its mechanism of therapeutic action against POI.

Methods:

We identified compounds in SJZD using liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole-
Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (LC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS). Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems
(TCMSP) and HERB databases were used to identify the ingredients and potential targets of SJZD.
We analyzed Gene Ontology (GO) terms and enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) pathways using RStudio and constructed a visual network using Cytoscape3.9.1.

Results:

We identified 98 compounds using LC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS, among which 29 were bioactive.
The screen outputted yielded 151 predicted targets of these compounds that were associated
with POI. The results of the GO and KEGG analyses showed that these compounds play key roles
in cell growth, division, migration, and survival signaling pathways. Therefore, phosphatidylinositol
3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR) pathways might be closely associated with the pharmacological effects of SJZD
on the pathological processes of POI.

Conclusion:

Our findings provide a scientific basis for rapidly analyzing bioactive compounds in
SJZD and their pharmacological mechanisms.
High-Throughput Screening for the Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2
with Essential Dynamic Behavior
Authors: Yang Zhiwei , Zhang Lei , Cai Xinhui , Ye Qiushi , Zhao Yizhen , Li Xuhua , Zhang Shengli
Published: March 2023

Global health security has been challenged by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Due to the lengthy process of generating vaccinations, it
is vital to reposition currently available drugs in order to relieve anti-epidemic tensions and accelerate
the development of therapies for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the public threat
caused by SARS-CoV-2. High throughput screening techniques have established their roles in the
evaluation of already available medications and the search for novel potential agents with desirable
chemical space and more cost-effectiveness. Here, we present the architectural aspects of highthroughput
screening for SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors, especially three generations of virtual screening
methodologies with structural dynamics: ligand-based screening, receptor-based screening, and machine
learning (ML)-based scoring functions (SFs). By outlining the benefits and drawbacks, we
hope that researchers will be motivated to adopt these methods in the development of novel anti-
SARS-CoV-2 agents.
Ferrocene Derivatives as New Generation of Antimalarial Agents: Opportunity
or Illusion?
Authors: Mangawa Shrawan Kumar , Singh Shailja
Published: March 2023

Despite significant scientific progress over the last two decades, malaria remains a global burden that causes thousands of deaths every year. In the absence of effective and practical preven-tive measures, the only current option for reducing the mortality and morbidity of malaria is chemo-therapy. However, due to the minimal stock of active antiparasitic analogs, issues of toxicity, and the repeated appearance of drug resistance, scientists must broaden the arsenal of existing therapies beyond conventional medicinal chemistry. To curb this menace, a series of potential metal-based hybrids have been synthesized and screened. Ferrocene is one of the potent organometallic candi-dates and the hybridization of ferrocene with other pharmacophores results in compounds with en-hanced biological activities. Many researchers have reported the ferrocene compounds as potent pharmacophores and useful as anticancer and antimalarial agents when hybridized with other phar-maceutical hybrids. Drug, such as Ferroquine (FQ, SSR97193), is currently the most advanced or-ganometallic compound developed from the hybridization of ferrocene and chloroquine and has demonstrated great potency in clinical trials against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant malaria. Not only ferroquine but its derivatives have shown significant activity as antimalarial agents. The present review focuses on the discovery of FQ, the hypothesis of its mode of action, and recent clin-ical trials of ferrocene compounds as a new class of antimalarial agents. The structure-activity rela-tionship (SAR) of ferrocene derivatives is also discussed to provide insight into the rational design of more effective antimalarial candidates. Finally, efforts have been made to discuss the future ex-pectations for ferrocene-based antimalarial drugs.
The Impact of Altered HCN1 Expression on Brain Function and Its Relationship
with Epileptogenesis
Authors: Zhao Ke , Li Yinchao , Yang Xiaofeng , Zhou Liemin
Published: March 2023

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 1 (HCN1) is predominantly
expressed in neurons from the neocortex and hippocampus, two important regions related to epilepsy.
Both animal models for epilepsy and epileptic patients show decreased HCN1 expression and
HCN1-mediated Ih current. It has been shown in neuroelectrophysiological experiments that a decreased
Ih current can increase neuronal excitability. However, some studies have shown that blocking
the Ih current in vivo can exert antiepileptic effects. This paradox raises an important question regarding
the causal relationship between HCN1 alteration and epileptogenesis, which to date has not been
elucidated. In this review, we summarize the literature related to HCN1 and epilepsy, aiming to find a
possible explanation for this paradox, and explore the correlation between HCN1 and the mechanism
of epileptogenesis. We analyze the alterations in the expression and distribution of HCN1 and the corresponding
impact on brain function in epilepsy. In addition, we also discuss the effect of blocking Ih
on epilepsy symptoms. Addressing these issues will help to inspire new strategies to explore the relationship
between HCN1 and epileptogenesis, and ultimately promote the development of new targets
for epilepsy therapy.
Recent Advancements in Indole Derivatives and their Antimicrobial Perspective
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Kumari Deepika , Singh Harpreet , Mishra Amrita , Mishra Arun K.
Published: March 2023

:

Indole is an important heterocyclic molecule having a number of pharmacologically useful properties. Adolf von Baeyer synthesized indole by reducing oxindole in the presence of a catalytic amount of zinc dust in 1866. A number of studies have been conducted and many more are in the pipeline to investigate the medicinal potential of indole and its derivatives. Indomethacin, Indolmycin, Oxypertine, Yohimbine, Pindolol, and Delavirdine are indole containing drugs that are in high demand in the market.

:

The present study aims to highlight the indole nucleus containing drugs developed by researchers over the last 25 years, with a focus on antibacterial and antifungal properties present in these drugs. The mode of action and Structure–Activity Relationship (SAR) of indole derivatives, which are responsible for antibacterial and other relevant actions, are also highlighted in the present review. To aid scientists in exploring future potential in this domain, the present study includes the key qualities and highlights of each research activity done by researchers especially related to synthetic derivatives of Indoles.

:

All the available information on Indole derivatives was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, SciFinder, Scirus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) and the resources available in Central Library, IFTM University, Moradabad were also referred. The present review is based on literature collected and studied over the previous 23 years.

:

This article will aid researchers in the development of new molecules with indole derivatives undoubtedly which must have improved antibacterial and other properties.
Recent Advances in the Development of RET Inhibitors
Authors: Lu Peng , Qin Hui , Ye Jiawei , Chen Puzhou , Li Jiuxiang , Ren Jing , Wang Yan , Zhang Yinsheng
Published: March 2023

Background:

Rearranged during transfection (RET) is a receptor tyrosine kinase and a bona
fide oncogene that drives various cancers. Oncogenic RET induces abnormal activation of RET kinase,
causing tumorigenesis. RET can be abnormally activated through RET point mutations and RET fusions.
Although RET kinase has been discovered in tumors more than 30 years ago, patients with RET-altered
tumors gain limited benefits from multikinase inhibitors (MKIs). In 2020, pralsetinib and selpercatinib
were approved by FDA for the treatment of RET-altered tumors.

Objective:

Recently reported RET inhibitors were reviewed to provide an overview of the development of
novel RET inhibitors.

Methods:

Literatures, patents, and conference proceedings published in the past five years were collected.
Only RET inhibitors with novel scaffolds or in vivo efficacy were discussed in this review. The enzymebased
and cell-based activities, PK profiles, antitumor activities in vivo, and clinical efficacy of the selected
RET inhibitors were described.

Results:

Great efforts have been spent on the development of RET inhibitors, leading to increased RETtargeted
therapies. Due to high potency and specificity, pralsetinib and selpercatinib resulted in a >8-
month improvement in overall survival, compared to MKIs. However, solvent-front mutants emerged and
contributed to the acquired resistance to pralsetinib and selpercatinib. To overcome solvent front mutants,
TPX-0046, TAS0953, and LOX-260 are investigated in early clinical studies.

Conclusion:

Zeteletinib, SYHA1815, TPX-0046, TAS0953, and LOX-260 are potential therapies for
RET-altered cancers. In addition, macrocyclic inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors, and PROTACs are three
promising strategies to address the potential drug resistance of RET.
Overview of the Current Advancements and Trends in the Transungual
Drug Delivery System
Authors: Sharma Kajol , Yadav Vivek , Reang Jurnal , Sharma Kalicharan , Tonk Rajiv Kumar , Jain Priti , Verma Surajpal
Published: March 2023

Background:

Drug delivery across human nails is termed a transungual drug delivery system.
It is recommended for the amelioration of nail disorders and infectious nail diseases like onychomycosis.
Thereby, vivid anti-fungal regimens have been prescribed in the form of different types of formulations,
including nail lacquers, nail film, nail paint, and other types for treating onychomycosis.

Method:

All the formulations currently marketed or being marketed for the transungal drug delivery
system were thoroughly studied, compared, and evaluated for their advantages and disadvantages so that a
new vision can be sustained along the path of creating newer anti-fungal transunguals, keeping in mind
the anatomy of the nail and various parameters that govern bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients
across the nail bed. Accordingly, different techniques are devised to enhance permeation across the
nail. The various parameters used to evaluate these formulations depend upon their physical, chemical,
and mechanical properties.

Conclusion:

The recent approaches in transungual novel drug delivery systems have been reported while
exemplifying a few patented and marketed formulations, along with the clinical trial status of these formulations.
There is a need for the development of new techniques to overcome all the loopholes present
in the ongoing treatment techniques and the formulations used nowadays for the treatments of diseases
that occur in nails. After thoroughly detailing transungal novel drug delivery systems, we envisage great
opportunities for the researchers to carry out novel work in chemotherapy through nails.
A Review of Functional Composite Materials using PSZ-based Siliconnitride
Preceramic Polymer
Authors: Xue Jing , Zhang Lijuan , Hou Yongzhao , Wang Dong , Li Ling , Wen Guangwu , Wang Jing
Published: March 2023

The silicon-nitride ceramics gain a lot of interest for applications under severe conditions
due to their thermal stability, thermal shock resistance and chemical stability arising from the threedimensional
lattice structure. The silicon-nitride ceramics can be synthesized from silicon-nitride
preceramic polymers based on polysilazane (PSZ), as the ability to fabricate ceramic components of
specific geometries is difficult to obtain otherwise. This review systematically summarized the applications
of PSZ-based silicon-nitride preceramic polymers in the processing of functional materials. A
particular focus is made on the relation between the chemical structure of polymer and the properties
of the polymer-derived ceramic. The tailored properties as well as characteristics of ceramic are highlighted
and the trend of nowadays research for the future evolution of silicon-nitride preceramic polymer
was proposed.
Endometrial Cancer Stem Cells Related Signaling Pathways
Authors: Pour Fatemeh Khojasteh , Keivan Mona , Ghaedrahmati Farhoodeh , Saadati Najmieh , Moramezi Farideh , Nikbakht Roshan , Farzaneh Maryam
Published: March 2023

Endometrial cancer is gynecologic cancer that occurs in the uterus. Endometrial cancer
stem cells (ECSC) are a small population of cancer cells that represent a crucial role in the metastasis
of endometrial cancer cells to other organs in the body. ECSC can proliferate and give rise to mature
cancer cells, which are found to participate in the aggressiveness of metastatic lesions. Therefore,
targeting ECSC can be a valuable strategy for drug development against the metastasis of endometrial
cancer. Previous studies have demonstrated that several signaling pathways, including Wnt,
mTOR, EGFR, NOTCH, STAT3, VEGF, and SHH show modest effects and regulate the growth,
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumorigenesis of ECSC. Non-coding RNAs
(ncRNAs) also play an important role in ECSC self-renewal, progression, and drug resistance.
Hence, targeting these pathways might be a novel therapeutic approach for endometrial cancer diagnosis
and therapy. This mini-review aims to characterize the main signaling pathways involved in the
stimulation of ECSCs proliferation and tumorigenesis.
Ovarian Torsion and Oophorectomy in Childhood: A Case Report
Authors: Shabani Fatemeh , Montazeri Maryam , Shiva Siamak , Mirghafourvand Mojgan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Ovarian torsion in infants can be asymptomatic or may present with ab-
dominal mass and malnutrition. It is an uncommon and non-specific condition in children. We re-
port a girl who underwent detorsion and ovariopexy for suspected ovarian torsion after a previous
oophorectomy. The role of progesterone therapy is determined in reducing the size of adnexal mass.

Case Presentation:

The patient was diagnosed with right ovarian torsion and underwent an oopho-
rectomy at one year of age. About 18 months later, she was diagnosed with left ovarian torsion and
underwent detorsion with lateral pelvic fixation. Despite the pelvic fixation of the ovary, a continu-
ous increase in the volume of the ovarian tissue was evident during successive ultrasounds. Proges-
terone therapy was started at five years of age in order to prevent retorsion and preserve the ovarian
tissue. In successive follow-ups during the therapy, ovarian volume decreased, and its size (27*18
mm) was restored.

Conclusion:

The presented case reminds doctors of the possibility of ovarian torsion in young girls
with pelvic pain. More research is needed on the use of hormonal drugs, such as progesterone, in
similar cases.
Counting and Identifying Probiotics: From a Systematic Comparison of Three Common Methods to Proposing an Appropriate Method for Identification
Authors: Zamanpour Setayesh , Afshari Asma , Hashemi Mohammad , Zeinali Tayebeh
Published: March 2023

Background:

The plate count technique had traditionally been used for the determination
of viability and counting of probiotic bacteria, which had obvious disadvantages. Efficient
tools to identify and count probiotics (alone or in combination) have evolved.

Objective:

This study aimed to compare two methods of counting and identifying probiotics such
as Real-time PCR and flow cytometry, with the culture method and suggest an inexpensive
method for the diagnosis of probiotics in dairy products.

Methods:

Electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct were systematically
searched, identified, screened, and reviewed from June 2001 to December 2022.

Results:

This study showed that each technology has its strengths, advantages, and disadvantages,
but the Real-time PCR method is more suitable than other methods and can identify
and count live cells of probiotics.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, it should be mentioned that due to the superiority of the Real-time
PCR method, we recommend the use of this molecular method, but for more assurance and comparison,
several methods can be used to count and correctly identify probiotic strains.
Investigating the Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care on Maternal-Infant
Attachment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Karimi Fatemeh Zahra , Abdollahi Mahbubeh , Khadivzadeh Talat , Yas Atefeh
Published: March 2023

Background:

Maternal-infant attachment is the first social relationship between mother and
baby that keeps the baby close to the mother. The conflicting results of the studies regarding the effect
of kangaroo mother care (KMC) on maternal-infant attachment show the necessity of conducting a
meta-analysis study.

Objective:

The study aimed to investigate the effects of KMC on mother-infant attachment through a
systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Methods:

Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, ProQuest, SID, and
Iranmedex databases were searched to find clinical trial studies in English and Persian without a time
limit. The Cochrane checklist was used to check the bias of the articles. Data analysis was performed
using STATA. I2 index was used in order to assess the heterogeneity, and the funnel plot and the Egger
test were used in order to examine the publication bias. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and
random effects models were used to combine the studies and perform a meta-analysis.

Results:

In this study, 10 articles were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results
of the present meta-analysis based on the random model showed SMD as -1.33 (95% CI: (-2.12, -
0.54), P = 0.001), and there was observed a statistically significant relationship between the control
and intervention groups. So, the mother-infant attachment in the intervention group was higher than in
the control group.

Conclusion:

This study showed that KMC improves mother-infant attachment. The results of this
study can be applied to evidence-based decision-making by healthcare providers, and can also be suggested
as a method to develop mother-infant attachment.
MRI Appearances of Stage IA Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Cui Li Wen , Shen Zhi Yong
Published: March 2023

Objective:

To analyze the MRI findings of stage IA ovarian cancer.

Methods:

The data on age distribution, clinical symptoms at onset, CA125 detection, MRI findings, including tumor volume, structure, diffusion-weighted
imaging (DWI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and enhancement, etc., of the patients with stage IA ovarian cancer, who were admitted to
Nantong tumor Hospital between 2013 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:

Only 11 cases of stage IA ovarian cancer were recorded. The age of patients was 30–67 (average 52) years. The initial symptoms were mostly
lower abdominal distension and abdominal pain. CA125 was 90% positive. MRI features 1. Large pelvic mass with a volume range of 23–2,009
cm3 (average 669 cm3). 2. Five cases of cyst type (with plaque-like, papillary, or mural nodule vegetations), two cases of cystic-solid mixed type
(with thickened septum or wall), and four cases of solid type. 3. DWI diffusion was limited, and ADC was reduced on all solid components
(vegetation, septa, and cyst wall). 4. The solid parts were significantly enhanced on T1-enhanced MRI. 5. There was no metastasis in the pelvic
cavity, and a few ascites (negative tumor cells) in three patients.

Conclusions:

MRI characteristics of stage IA ovarian carcinomas were large tumors; cystic, cystic-solid, or solid; solid parts limited diffusion on DWI and low
ADC; enhancement of the cyst wall, vegetation, and septa; no pelvic metastasis.
Lipid Nanocarriers as an Alternative for the Delivery of Bioactive
Compounds Beneficial to Health
Authors: da Costa de Quadros Camila , de Sousa Araujo Alan Carvalho , Latorres Juliana Machado , Michelon Mariano , de las Mercedes Salas-Mellado Myriam
Published: March 2023

Bioactive compounds derived from food or plants have become a natural source with
the potential for producing functional, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical foods due to their biological
functions and beneficial health effects. However, to perform such physiological processes,
these compounds need to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Among the existing technologies,
nanoencapsulation increases physical stability, protection, and the contact surface, facilitating
the solubility and bioavailability of such compounds. In this type of encapsulation, lipid
nanocarriers are promising carriers due to their lipid structure and containing hydrophilic surfactant,
capable of facilitating the intestinal absorption of active compounds. However, in food or
drugs, one of the significant challenges for applying bioactive compounds on a nanoscale is the
lack of in vivo studies that establish safety limits for cytotoxicity. This review covered recent
studies on the encapsulation of natural bioactive compounds in different types of lipid nanocarriers.
In addition to methods for obtaining and characterizing nanocarriers, bioactivities with beneficial
potential for human health, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antidiabetic,
and neuroprotective, are mentioned. The manuscript deals with the bioaccessibility of active compounds,
new perspectives, and challenges for applying lipid nanocarriers.
CUBOSOME-A Novel Drug Delivery for Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Dubey Ayush , Chauhan Akash , Kaur Awaneet , Alam Md. Aftab , Yadav Shikha , Rao G.S.N. Koteshewr
Published: March 2023

This literature study will investigate cubosomal preparation in various pharmaceutical
compositions. Cubosomal particles are nanostructured liquid crystalline particles with submicron
diameters ranging from 10 to 500 nanometers with high encapsulation efficacy. This literature
has investigated the anatomy and function of cubosomal units, as well as their formulation, material
application, benefit, disadvantage, and preparation technique. Due to their nano-irritancy,
cubosomal nanostructures have become a preferred method for treating a range of illnesses.
Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions: Regional Experience of a Global Challenge
Authors: Bushehri Behzad , Mokhtarpoor Akbar , Bahrami Ehsan , Ghorani-Azam Adel
Published: March 2023

Background:

Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are considered any harmful and unintended side effects associated with the use of a drug at the usual therapeutic dose, in which skin is involved in most cases. Therefore, the availability of epidemiological information on reactions, reaction patterns, and their causative drugs can be helpful in timely diagnosis and necessary measures, such as caution in prescribing causative drugs to prevent these types of reactions.

Methods:

In this retrospective descriptive study, the archived files of patients with dermatoses due to ADR referred to Taleghani University Hospital, Urmia, Iran, during 2015-2020 were studied. Patterns and frequency of skin reactions, demographic data, and the frequency of chronic comorbidities were identified.

Results:

A total of 50 patients with drug-induced skin rash were found, of which 14 were male (28%) and 36 were female (72%). Skin rashes were most frequently found in patients aged 31-40 years. In 76% of patients, there was at least one chronic underlying disease. The most common reaction pattern was maculopapular rash (44%), and the most common causative drugs were antiepileptic drugs (34%) and antibiotics (22%). Mortality was found in 4 cases, which was due to antibiotics and antiepileptic drugs that caused toxic SJS/TEN and erythroderma. The hospital stays were highest in SJS and lowest in a maculopapular rash.

Conclusion:

Knowledge about the epidemiology and the frequency of adverse drug reactions may be helpful in increasing the awareness of physicians for correct and rational drug prescriptions, which can reduce unnecessary hospital referrals and treatment costs.
Targeting the LINC00324/miR-16-5p/SEPT2 Signaling Cascade is Effective to Reverse Malignant Phenotypes in Glioblastoma
Authors: Chen Bo , Lin Pengzhen , Li Nan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are identified as pivotal regulators and biomarkers for glioblastoma (GBM). However, the role of a novel LncRNA LINC00324 in regulating GBM progression has not been fully studied in the existing publications.

Objective:

In this study, we evidenced LINC00324 to act as an oncogene to facilitate GBM development, and the underlying mechanisms have also been uncovered

Methods:

Clinicopathology and follow-up data of GBM patients were retrospectively studied, LINC00324 expression in clinical tissue or cell lines of GBM was measured by Real-time qPCR, and the role of LINC00324 in cell proliferation and migration was investigated by loss-of-function experiments in vitro and in vivo. The targeting genes of LINC00324 were predicted and verified by bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase reporter gene system, respectively.

Results:

LINC00324 was found to be significantly upregulated in GBM tissues and cells in contrast to normal counterparts, and the GBM patients with high-expressed LINC00324 tended to have a worse prognosis. Further, loss-offunction experiments showed that the silencing of LINC00324 suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and migration, and promoted cell apoptosis in GBM cells in vitro. Consistently, the in vivo experiments supported that LINC00324 ablation also restrained tumorigenesis in nude mice models. The following mechanism studies showed that LINC00324 sponged miR-16-5p to upregulate SEPT2 in a competing endogenous RNA-dependent manner, and the inhibitory effects of LINC00324 downregulation on the malignant characteristics of GBM cells were abrogated by both miR-16-5p ablation and SEPT2 overexpression.

Conclusion:

LINC00324 promotes the malignant phenotypes in GBM via targeting the miR-16-5p/SEPT2 axis, and the study provides novel biomarkers for GBM diagnosis and therapy
APOE4 is a Risk Factor and Potential Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Ayyubova Gunel
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, the main pathological
hallmark of which is the loss of neurons, resulting in cognitive and memory impairments. Sporadic
late-onset AD is a prevalent form of the disease and the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype is the
strongest predictor of the disease development. The structural variations of APOE isoforms affect their
roles in synaptic maintenance, lipid trafficking, energy metabolism, inflammatory response, and BBB
integrity. In the context of AD, APOE isoforms variously control the key pathological elements of
the disease, including Aβ plaque formation, tau aggregation, and neuroinflammation. Taking into
consideration the limited number of therapy choices that can alleviate symptoms and have little impact
on the AD etiology and progression to date, the precise research strategies guided by apolipoprotein E
(APOE) polymorphisms are required to assess the potential risk of age-related cognitive decline
in people carrying APOE4 genotype. In this review, we summarize the evidence implicating the
significance of APOE isoforms on brain functions in health and pathology with the aim to identify the
possible targets that should be addressed to prevent AD manifestation in individuals with the APOE4
genotype and to explore proper treatment strategies.
Comprehensive Perspective Towards the Management of Proteinopathies
by Elucidating Protein Misfolding and Aggregation
Authors: Ahanger Ishfaq Ahmad , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Sharma Anurag , Islam Asimul
Published: March 2023

Protein misfolding and aggregation is the phenomenon of the generic propensity of proteins,
considered as a dark side of the protein world, and its exact mechanism is still not deciphered.
Understanding the complexity of protein aggregation is currently the primary apprehension and challenge
in biology and medicine due to their association with various debilitating human proteinopathies
and neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of protein aggregation, associated diseases, and the
development of efficient therapeutic strategies against these diseases are very challenging. These diseases
are caused by different proteins, each protein with different mechanisms and consisting of various
microscopic phases or events. These microscopic steps are functioning on different timescales during
aggregation. Here, we highlighted the different features and current trends in protein aggregation.
The study thoroughly recapitulates the various factors influencing, possible causes, types of aggregates
and aggregation, their different proposed mechanisms, and the methods used to study the aggregation.
Additionally, the formation and elimination of misfolded or aggregated proteins in the cell, the role of
the ruggedness of the protein folding landscape in protein aggregation, proteinopathies, and the challenges
for their prevention are comprehensively elucidated. A holistic understanding of different aspects
of aggregation, molecular steps governing the various features of protein quality control, and
crucial queries about the modulation of these processes and their interactions with other systems in
cellular protein quality control can be considered conducive to comprehending the mechanism, designing
effective approaches towards prevention of protein aggregation, rationalizing the etiology and development
of novel strategies against therapy and management of the proteinopathies.
Recent Patents on Pitching Machine
Authors: Yao Lan , Xiang Chao-Fang , Yu Jia-Wei , Jiang Yu-Peng
Published: March 2023

With the improvement of living standards and the acceleration of the pace of modern life,
people pay more and more attention to health. All kinds of ball games are deeply loved by people.
Most people like to go to all kinds of equipment halls for all kinds of sports. However, at present,
there are few types of service machines, and there is still a lot of room for development. With the
development of ball games, small simple serve machine, as important equipment for modern entertainment
and sports, has research projects in various countries and occupies a large market share.
The purpose of this study is to synthesize the existing pitching mechanism, summarize and analyze
the advantages and disadvantages of various pitching mechanisms from a large number of documents
and patents, and solve some problems with the existing pitching machine. This paper summarizes
various patents and the latest research progress on ball-pitching machines. From the mechanical
structure of the pitching machine to the functions it can realize, the advantages and disadvantages
of the serving machine are analyzed. By summarizing the characteristics of a large number
of pitching mechanisms, this paper analyzes some problems existing in the pitching machine and
looks forward to the research and design of the pitching machine. Combined with relevant mechanical
technology, this paper refers to the patents related to various ball automatic mechanical pitching
devices and draws valuable conclusions through the summary and comparison of these patents.

Methods:

This paper summarizes various patents and the latest research progress on ball-pitching machines. From the mechanical structure of the pitching machine to the functions it can realize, the advantages and disadvantages of the serving machine are analyzed.
Ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patient Undergoing Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors:   Department of Anestesiology and Intensive Therapy, Sebelas Maret University, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta Indonesia, Purnomo Heri Dwi , Sevanto Dimas Yuliar ,   Department of Anestesiology and Intensive Therapy, Sebelas Maret University, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: The Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block technique is one method for inhibiting abdominal pain stimuli by blocking afferent nerves in the abdominal wall via the Petit triangle. TAP block action is frequently performed as a postoperative procedure, such as in the case of hernia repair. The goal of using ultrasound in TAP blocks is to distribute the anesthetic agent accurately in the appropriate neurovascular plane. Case: A 66-year-old male geriatric patient with an incarcerated right inguinal hernia and a history of Hypertensive Heart Disease (HHD) was seen. The patient complained of right groin pain that spread to the right side of the abdomen. Based on the Electrocardiogram (ECG), atrial fibrillation was identified as slow ventricular response and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH). Chest X-ray revealed cardiomegaly with LVH configuration. ASA III E was assigned to the patient. Regional Anesthesia Subarachnoid Block (RASAB) was used to perform an emergency hernia repair using a regimen of Bupivacaine heavy 0.5% 7.5 mg with adjuvant Fentanyl 50 g. Bilateral TAP block administration using Ropivacaine regimen 0.25% of the total volume of 30 ml was given as postoperative analgesia management. Hemodynamic monitoring, complications and postoperative pain scale were carried out in the High Care Unit (HCU). Hemodynamically stable, pain scale was 1-2 at 24 hours postoperative and no complications. Conclusion: TAP block is provide an effective and safe anti-pain effect in patients undergoing hernia repair with geriatric comorbidities and a history of HHD, as well as to prevent cardiovascular complications and to speed up postoperative patient mobilization.
High Spinal Anesthesia in Total Knee Replacement
Authors:   Residency Program of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta Indonesia, Belinda Febri Ahmad , Sumaryono Hery Budi ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Dr. Soeharso Ortopedic Hospital, Sukoharjo Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative disease at people aged 63-70 years. Human ageing is associated with an increase in weakness around the joints, decreased joint flexibility, calcification of cartilage, and decreased chondrocyte function. Total knee replacement (TKR) is performed to treat pain and immobilisation in osteoarthritis patients. This procedure is done with spinal anaesthesia. Case: A 73 years old man diagnosed with bilateral OA and underwent TKR. The patient had left knee pain six months ago with a history of high blood pressure. If blood pressure <160/90 mmHg subarachnoid block was planed. The patient entered the operating room with an intravenous (IV) line of ringer lactate 10 dpm. Preoperatively, the patient was given ranitidine 50 mg IV and ondansetron 4 mg. The anaesthetic agent was hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% 15 mg + fentanyl 25 µg; the patient was hemodynamically monitored and maintained with O2 4 lpm. After 45 minutes of spinal anesthesia, the patient experienced respiratory distress, so we placed a masked and intubated the patient with endotracheal tube (ETT) 7.0. It is suspected that the patient had high spinal anesthesia. Conclusion: A 73-year-old man has been subjected to regional spinal anesthesia with total knee replacement surgery. However, spinal anesthesia failed and was converted to general anesthesia with ETT, with a duration of operation of 4 hours, hemodynamically stable, postoperatively the patient was admitted to the high care unit.
Social Service of Pain Management for Patients Unresponsive to Conservative Treatment
Authors:   Consultant of Pain Management of Department Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Brawijaya University Indonesia, Laksono Ristiawan Muji , Siswagama Taufiq Agus , Laksono Buyung Hartiyo , Asmoro Aswoco Andyk , Tulong Priscilla ,   Consultant of Pain Management of Department Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Brawijaya University, Shantikaratri Emilia Tiara ,   Resident of Department Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Brawijaya University, Aji Haffidz Wahyu ,   Resident of Department Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Brawijaya University, Yuliandra Yudhistira , Hutama Dadik Prasetya , Aditiarso Candra
Published: March 2023

Pain is one of the most common complain encountered in outpatient clinic. Inadequate pain management has been widely reported. As an anesthesiologist and pain physician, we perform a social service of pain management for patients unresponsive to conservative treatment. The social service was held from April - June 2022. We enrolled thirty-two patients from other physician reference and Primary Health Care in several districts around Malang city to come to Brawijaya University Hospital with the age range of 30-80 years old. The pain interventions given to the participants mainly include prolotherapy, pulsed radiofrequency (PRF), and others. The pain measurement of the patients were assessed with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), pre and post-intervention. The social service is performed on 32 patients (male 34,37%, female 65.62%), majority aged 60 years od and older (34.37%) with low back pain become the major complaint (43.75%). The majority of patients receive prolotherapy (68%). The mean NRS decrease from 6.19 ± 0.18 (before treatment) to 2.69 ± 0.10 (after treatment). After this social service, most patients (96.875%) have obtained better pain control after given pain interventions.