bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study neonate’s complications in COVID-19 infected pregnant women in early period of pandemic in Ardabil province, Iran
Authors: Farzipour Shahla , Shahbazzadegan Samira , Nahanmoghaddam Negin , Jalilvand Faranak , Nedaei Sepideh , Zandian Hamed
Published: April 2023

Background: Pregnant women and neonates are considered as high-risk groups of population. Due to higher risk of COVID-19 in pregnant women, the aim of this study was to determine neonates' complications in COVID-19 infected pregnant women in early period of pandemic in Ardabil province.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 21 infected pregnant women and their neonates from Feb to June 2020 in Alavi Hospital, Ardabil. Mother’s clinical and laboratory findings and their neonates were registered in a checklist. Neonates’ complications were assessed and infants 'growth and developmental disorders followed up at 28 days, 6 months, and 12 months. Collected data were analysed by statistical methods in SPSS version 24.
Results: In terms of clinical symptoms, the most prevalence symptoms were shortness of breath, fever, chills and dry cough. 15 infected mothers had a cesarean section and there was no maternal and neonatal mortality in this study. Of the 21 neonates, 13 were boys and 8 girls. Five neonates had respiratory distress and were admitted to the intensive care unit for 1 week. In these 5 neonates, arterial pH was low and neonatal CRP was high and the blood culture was negative for them. Also, all neonates were negative for COVID-19. None of the newborns had problems with feeding and poor reflexes and other symptoms. All newborns had negative PCR. 19 neonates were born over 2500 grams.
Conclusions: Results showed that suffering to COVID-19 had not relation with growth disorder in neonates and mother's clinical symptoms had not different with other symptoms. So we can use similar investigations to control of COVID-19 in all pregnant women. Also, COVID-19 infection in newborns was not associated with growth and developmental disorders in 1 year fallow up.
Prevalence of depression among secondary level students in Harion Municipality, Sarlahi
Authors: Balampaki Pabitra , Thapa Janak Kumar , Chaudhjary Pramodh , Sangroula Raj Kumar , Shrestha Arati Dhoju , Pyakurel Sumitra , Thapa Salina
Published: April 2023

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder with a depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, decreased energy, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, and poor concentration. Globally the prevalence of depression among (15-19 years) males and females are 3.1% and 4.5% respectively. According to WHO, the prevalence of depression in Nepal is 3.2% and the prevalence of depression in (15-19 years) is 7.6%. This research was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression among the secondary-level adolescents of Harion municipality and to examine the variances according to socio-demographic factors, socio-economic factors, etc.
Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study design was used in this research. Schools were selected through Simple Random Sampling. Participants were students of 9 and 10 selected schools. The PHQ9 (Patient Health questionnaire) was used to ascertain the prevalence of depression at various levels.
Results: Out of 168 students, 97 (57.7%) students had depression. The mean age of the students was 16. Family type of students (p-value=0.036, 95% CI=0.261-0.959 and OR =0.5), students education level (p-value=0.044, 95% CI=0.273-0.986 and OR= 0.519) and physical activities (p-value=0.015, 95% CI=0.248-0.865 and OR=0.463) were found to be statistically significant.
Conclusions: The prevalence of depression was seen higher among school-going adolescents in two schools in Harion municipality. There is a need for early identification of depression which can prevent other psychiatric disorders in teen-age.
Nutritional knowledge of mothers, children’s food consumption, and stunting prevalence: a study of indigenous community in Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar and Sinar Resmi, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Patriasih Rita , Khomsan Ali , Hadi Riyadi  , Widiaty Isma , Anwar Faisal , Wigna Winati , Firdausi Alya
Published: April 2023

Background: The indigenous community of Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar lives in villages that still hold the local traditions firmly. In contrast, the indigenous community of Kasepuhan of Sinar Resmi geographically live in more open villages, so they can easily interact with people from other villages. Culture contributes social values to food consumption and nutritional status.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the two indigenous communities from January 2015 until June 2016. The study involved selecting samples using stratified random sampling. The total sample was as many as 200 households.
Results: The study found that 70.3% of mothers in Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar and 48.6% in Kasepuhan of Sinar Resmi have low nutritional knowledge (score <60). The households living in both Kasepuhans had high dietary consumption diversity. However, a household in Ciptagelar had a higher dietary diversity score (6.4±1.4) than in Sinar Resmi (5.7±2.0) (p=0.032). The foods taboo for pregnant mothers were meatballs, Reundeu leaves, durian, pineapple, and Ambon banana. The foods taboo for children under five were meat, chicken feet, chicken tail, chicken liver, chicken gizzard, and seafish. The stunting prevalence of children in Ciptagelar was 44.3%, while Sukaresmi was 22.9%.
Conclusions: Based on those findings, the mother’s nutritional knowledge in Kasepuhan of Sinar Resmi was better than in Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar. The diversity of household food consumption in Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar was higher. However, there was a possibility that the nutritional intake of children in Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar was lower. Consequently, the stunting prevalence was higher in Kasepuhan of Ciptagelar than in the Kasepuhan of Sinar Resmi.
Awareness of lung cancer and its risk factors among population of Bisha region
Authors: Alhalafi Abdullah H. , Eltahir Hanan B. , Almalki Shehab M. , Alghuthaymi Abdulazez M. , Almaawi Abdullah M. , Hajlaa Abdullah , Alshamrani Abdulrhman A. , Alghamdi Faisal A. , Almuawi Khalid F. , Alharthi Khalid Z. , Alshahrani Saeed N.
Published: April 2023

Background: Regarding to its case fatality rate in 2020, lung cancer is the leading cause of death among all types of cancers globally. Most of the risk factors that led to lung cancer were avoidable. The awareness of lung cancer among population of Bisha region were not explored before. This study aimed to assess the awareness of lung cancer and its risk factors, and its association with sociodemographic factors among Bisha population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 16, and February 15, 2022 among 376 Saudi adults living in Bisha region. The data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire which was developed by using Google forms and distributed online. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. The descriptive statistics were represented with frequencies, and percentages. Chi-square (χ2) analysis and fisher exact test were used to compare categorical variables between the subgroups.
Results: This study shows high level of awareness of lung cancer and its risk factors among the participants (93.4%). Analysis of sociodemographic factors associated with high level of awareness showed the awareness among females was better than in males (p=0.006), and the awareness among those who never smoked was higher than those who did smoke before (p=0.001).
Conclusions: The level of community awareness was high about lung cancer and its risk factors. Health promotion programs significantly influence the level of awareness, and we recommend these programs to be continued.
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding financial markets and management among the healthcare professionals
Authors: Khan Hafiza , Hugar Shivayogi M. , Kohli Neha
Published: April 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the levels of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding the financial markets and financial management prevailing among the healthcare professionals.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 participants from health care profession which included different specialisations like Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Dental, Physiotherapy, Nursing and MBBS. A set of questionnaire divided into demographic data, knowledge, attitude and practices consisting of 17 questions was distributed among the participants. Software used for this descriptive analysis was IBM SPSS software (version 20.0 Chicago IL, USA).
Results: Our study showed that the participants were more financially knowledgeable and had a positive attitude with older age and the participants from the Ayurveda had very poor financial knowledge and attitude. The correlation between Knowledge, Attitude and Practice was found to be highly statistically significant (‘p’=0.0001).
Conclusions: The participants with older age had good levels of knowledge, practices and attitude but the younger participants had to be more educated regarding the importance of investments in the tools of financial markets and the importance of managing their finances to gain financial freedom must also be taught. Overall, financial literacy is supposed to be provided among healthcare professionals.
Outbreak of scrub typhus in western part of India: containment and lessons learnt
Authors: Patel Barun Bhai , Gurmeet Pranaya , Dutt Vipul , Singh Harpreet , Sharma Amit , Gupta Vivek , Pandya Kapil H. , Madne Ganesh , Bhattacharya Indrakhi , Gupta Paridhi
Published: April 2023

Background: Scrub typhus is one of the most covert diseases of present era. Diagnosis is often missed, and tools for confirming diagnosis are often not available in resource-poor setups. The aim of the study was to investigate an outbreak investigation and suggests methods of containment.
Methods: An epidemiological investigation of Scrub typhus outbreak though active and passive surveillance. Time, Place and person distribution, mean, median stand deviation were used during analysis.
Results: Cases presented with high grade fever (100%), bodyache (91%) and headache (81%). Nearly, 22% cases presented with Eschar, 16% of blood samples were positive for OX-19 antigens, 9% blood samples were sent for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and were positive for IgM antibodies.
Conclusions: An outbreak of Scrub Typhus infection was successfully contained without any mortality by effectively using Chemoprophylaxis, judicial use of chemicals and personal protective measures.
A cross sectional study, for risk assessment of non-communicable disease in urban slum of South India
Authors: Pattnaik Snigdha , Varma Pavani , Mundla Sravya , Syed Saba , Mathur Neeta , Das Birinchi Narayan , Mohandas Anu
Published: April 2023

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute to around 5.87 million deaths that account for 60% of all deaths in India. India shares more than two-third of the total deaths due to NCDs in the south-east Asia region (SEAR) of WHO. Objective was to monitor the trends and determinants of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the study population in slum of Telangana.
Methods: The cross-sectional community-based study, was conducted in the urban field practice area of Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad. Sample size was estimated, data was collected in WHO STEPS questionnaire (STEP 1 and STEP 2) after obtaining informed consent from the participants. The performa included anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and questions related to tobacco use, alcohol consumption, dietary pattern, physical exercise. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used for data entry, SPSS version 24 for data analysis.
Results: Tobacco smoking use in any form was seen in 22.1% males of the study population and 1.8% of females. The means waist hip ratio amongst male is 0.92 cm. The mean waist hip ratio amongst 113 voluntary participants was 0.89.
Conclusions: NCDs in the urban slum that requires appropriate early actions to prevent risk factors, reducing the disease burden. Health education among households through behaviour change, formulation and implementation of health policy for urban slums will go a long way in lessening the burden.
A study to assess the pattern of alcohol and tobacco usage in the rural field practice area of a medical college in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Karthikeyan S. , Rajan T. Palanivel , Shanu J. E. Jeffin , Pandi S.
Published: April 2023

Background: Tobacco usage and alcohol consumption is a serious health issue to the society for ages. The consumption of alcohol and tobacco usage leads to medical and societal issues. An assessment of the pattern of tobacco usage and alcohol consumption in adult population is important to estimate the burden, and the risk factors associated with the same on the rural communities. There is a strong impact on the prevalence of NCDs by reduction in the usage of tobacco and alcohol products in the forthcoming decades.
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of a medical college, using pre-validated, semi-structured questionnaire amongst 275 study participants a rural area. The adults aged 18 years and above who were currently using tobacco products and consuming alcohol were selected by simple random sampling using the tobacco assessment and AUDIT questionnaire for alcohol consumption.
Results: The results showed a significant association between all the socio-demographic variables (except for gender) in the usage of tobacco products; the study found higher literacy levels in using the products more frequently. The age distribution, family arrangement and socio-economic status were associated with alcohol consumption as well. In the multivariate regression the socio-economic class were associated with alcohol consumption.
Conclusions: The interventions should be targeted at the family and community level. There is a need for health education programs and de-addiction camps.
Coping up mechanism and financial aid scheme for cancer treatment at a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow
Authors: Verma Rahul , Ahmad Naim , Singh Vijay Kumar , Akhtar Naseem
Published: April 2023

Background: Cancer treatment has one of most expensive disease treatment due to its chronicity and expertise. In a region where per capita income of persons/ annual income of household is low, they have to depend on some coping up mechanism or financial aid schemes for successful completion of treatment. But awareness and proportion of utilization of the financial benefit for cancer patient is doubtful. The present study aims to study coping up mechanism and financial benefits availed by cancer patients at a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow.
Methods: The study was done in a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow. 120 cancer patients who had undergone treatment and come for follow-up were taken from surgical oncology OPD. Data was collected using an interview-based pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using MS excel 2017 and SPSS v 23.
Results: About 64 % of participants borrowed money from social net, 3% took loans, 10% mortgage assets, and 20% sold their assets to cope up with high expenditure on cancer treatment. Financial benefit of schemes was availed by about 1/3rd of participants and 20% availed concessions in rail/road travel fare and 16% availed concessions in income tax.
Conclusions: Large number of people had to use some of the coping up mechanism for treatment of cancer this further pushes them into viscous cycle of poverty And at same time they are unable to avail benefits of financial aid schemes by government and others for cancer patients. Thus, an increase in utilization and coverage of government financial aids or insurance is needed.
A study to assess the quality of sleep among medical students of Mysuru, Karnataka, India
Authors: Nair Rachana K. , Ahmed Mansoor
Published: April 2023

Background: Every individual requires a period of rest to enhance and empower his/her work ability. Adequate quality of sleep is a prerequisite for optimal functioning of the students’ mind and body. Sleep problems are common in the general population. Medical students are one subgroup who are more vulnerable to poor sleep quality owing to multiple factors in their lifestyle. To assess the quality of sleep in a population of medical students of Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru and to study the determinants affecting it.
Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling among 132 medical students of Mysore Medical College and Research Institute. A pre-designed and pre-tested structured questionnaire developed using the Pittsburgh quality of sleep index (PQSI) Score and Epworth daytime sleepiness scale (EDSS) was used. The data collected was compiled in MS- Excel and analysed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS)Version 20.0.
Results: Out of 132 medical students who were enrolled in the study, 55.3% (73/132) had an abnormal PSQI score. Males had better quality of sleep compared to females. Abnormal PSQI scores were associated with stress, alcohol and smoking.
Conclusions: Sleep quality plays a major role in maintaining a medical student’s physical, mental and working capacity.
Organising free health camp: insight into the approach of public and private sectors hospitals
Authors: Sahoo Mukunda Chandra , Mishra Siddharth , Taywade Manish , Mondal Ramkrishna
Published: April 2023

Background: World Health Organization in the year 2019, World Health Day has focused on Universal Health Coverage, with the theme Health for all - everyone, everywhere. It is essential to provide basic primary care to every stratum of society. This article discussed organizing a mega health camp by an institute of national importance in eastern India and the insight into the approaches.
Methods: Community-based mega health camp organized at the satellite center to address the medical and surgical problems and their effective management. The organizers are interviewed based on structured questionnaires. A few Marketing personnel were interviewed, and a focused group discussion was made for the beneficiaries to understand their feedback.
Results: Total number of patients who availed of the consultation is 2485. The maximum number of patients reported to the specialties like Dermatology (487), Neurology (332), General Medicine (273), Orthopaedics (270), Eye (266), Endocrinology (191), Gastroenterology (188), ENT (153).
Conclusions: Meticulous planning within a brief span of time, statutory compliance, event awareness, support of opinion leaders, collaborative efforts, and community involvement are some of the crucial factors contributing to the massive success of a camp. A divergent approach towards health camps by public and private sector hospitals is essential.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in delivery personnel
Authors: Srinivasan Revathi , Reza Ahsan , Krishna Kumar A. K. Vijay
Published: April 2023

Background: Musculoskeletal problems are widespread in the elderly, but they are also becoming more common in the younger population as a result of changes in lifestyle and employment. In this study we will be assessing the musculoskeletal disorders in delivery personnel.
Methods: 200 delivery personnel took part in an offline survey at several e-commerce companies’ delivery hubs as part of this observational study, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition to questions from the Nordic Questionnaire, the form included basic demographic information.
Results: The current study showed that the musculoskeletal pain in the last 12 months showed the prevalence was higher for lower back 60(30%) followed by 18(9%) for neck. The seven days prevalence showed 43(21.5%) for lower back followed by 11(5.5%) for neck. Prevention to do the work due to the pain in last 12 months showed highest percentage of the respondents experienced it due to lower back pain. The statistics further showed majority of people who had musculoskeletal pain from last 12 months were working for more than 8 hours per day (52.3%).
Conclusions: We can conclude that MSDs are common in all three groups, namely pain in the past year, pain in the past week, and activity prevention. This incidence demonstrates that MSDs can impact delivery personnel even at younger ages, which can be avoided by reducing workload and observing adequate safety procedures while working.
Changing morbidity-free life expectancy in India by gender and place of residence
Authors: Shabnam Shewli
Published: April 2023

Background: With declining fertility and increasing life expectancy, India faces a growing burden of chronic diseases. Therefore, research in morbidity-free life expectancies (MFLE) is gaining importance in India. This study explores the changes in MFLE among males and females and rural and urban residents in India between 2004 and 2017-18.
Methods: The Sullivan method was used for estimating MFLE. Age-specific morbidity rates were computed from the 60th and the 75th round of the National Sample Survey (NSS) data. The information on mortality was collected from the Sample Registration System life tables of India for the periods 2002-06 and 2014-18.
Results: In India, the morbidity-free life expectancy of both genders improved between 2004 and 2017-18, except for the population 80 years and above. Life expectancy (LE) and MFLE were higher among women in India, but the proportion of MFLE to total LE was higher among men in most age groups in 2004 and 2017-18. This contradiction is known as the gender health paradox. The study found that LE was higher in urban areas, but MFLE was lower among the urban population except for infancy and early childhood.
Conclusions: The gender health paradox prevails in India for most age groups. As the proportion of MFLE to total LE can be viewed as an indicator of the quality of life, it is crucial to set the target of lowering the morbidity rates among women and the urban population.
Impact of COVID-19 on community medicine education and training-postgraduates’ perspective: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Lakshmi Makineedi Rama , Bhimarasetty Devi Madhavi , Phani Madhavi K. V.
Published: April 2023

Background: World Health Organization on March 11, 2020 announced, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as pandemic. It has affected nearly every nation with remarkable alterations on everyday life. COVID-19 has had heartfelt impact on the medical education worldwide. Closure of the medical schools and universities has disturbed the education of future health professionals. During this pandemic, most educational institutions have opted for online education to protect their students. Online education has been gaining encouragement in almost all countries around the world. This coincides with the recently introduced competency-based medical education in India which has adopted online education. This created a new challenge for the institutions involved, the instructors and the students since they must adapt quickly to this new mode of learning.
Methods: A Qualitative approach using Systematic methods (Free listing and Pile sorting) was done among postgraduate students during the month of September 2021. A total of 32 postgraduates were included in the study.
Results: A total of 32 postgraduates were included. Among them 23 (72%) were females and 9 (28%) were males. According to salience score, effects of COVID on medical education in postgraduates’ perspective in decreasing order are loss of academics, reduced clinical exposure, less student teacher interaction. One positive effect is new era of E-learning. Pile sorting resulted into two piles academic loss and technical issues.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has created a lot of impact on medical education creating psychological stress more due to online education and academics are hampered due to COVID duties.
Perception about substance abuse among the medical students in Visakhapatnam, India: a qualitative research
Authors: Santosh Pissey Saikiran , Arvind Nivetha , Bhimarasetty Devi Madhavi , Sivapriya Jalakam Venkata
Published: April 2023

Background: Substance abuse is an emerging disorder of global concern. In India about 14.6% of the population (between 10 and 75 year of age) uses alcohol. Also, 28.6 percent (266.8 million) of adults in India, aged 15 and above currently use tobacco in some form. Youth period is an important transition period where students may begin to consume alcohol, tobacco, and other substances.
Methods: A Qualitative approach using systematic methods i.e., Free listing & Pile sorting, Conducted among third professional year students in a Medical College of North coast Andhra Pradesh. Analysed by Cultural domain analysis using Visual Anthropac Pile sort version1.0.1.36 based on salience scores.
Results: A total of 13 medical students were included. Among them 9 (69%) were females and 4(31%) were males. Stress was found to be the major cause for substance abuse with salience score of 0.418, followed by peer pressure (0.402). The solutions for among them parental guidance is the best solution for substance abuse with highest salience score of 0.412, followed by awareness about consequences (0.409).
Conclusions: Our study reveals that it is necessary to bring positive behavioural changes through adoption of comprehensive interventions, counselling methods and health education in medical universities.
A retrospective study on newly diagnosed Hansen’s disease and its spectrum in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Siddabathuni Nageswaramma , Priyakumar Talamala Sampath , S. P. Swathiga , Talluru Vani
Published: April 2023

Background: Leprosy, a well known ancient disease caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium leprae. Leprosy became curable with the introduction of multi drug therapy (MDT). But the burden of the disease still continues to make an impact in the present society. India is one of the major contributors to the global leprosy case load even after elimination. The main aim of this study was to assess the clinical pattern of newly diagnosed leprosy patients and to emphasize the need of timely intervention.
Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective observational study. The medical records of all the newly diagnosed leprosy patients during the period of January 2022 to December 2022 were collected and various clinical and demographic factors were analyzed.
Results: Total 139 newly diagnosed leprosy cases were reported. The most common age group affected was 45-60 years. Males were predominantly affected than females. 128 cases were multibacillary leprosy and 11 were paucibacillary. Borderline tuberculoid (48.2%) was the most common spectrum noted. About 19.4% patients presented with lepra reactions and 25.17% patients presented with deformities.
Conclusions: Newly diagnosed leprosy cases show that leprosy is active in the society. Active case detection by household contact survey and timely referral &treatment initiation and follow up by the field staff of health facility will prevent disability and stigma.
Road to universal health coverage: unique model of Karnataka, India
Authors: S. Pooja , Shastri Suresh G. , P. K. Srinivas , G. D. Gagana , J. Murugesh , N. Shivashankara , C. Sudha , Ichini Sushil Kumar , Asif Mohamed , M. R. Sangeetha , D. Randeep
Published: April 2023

With the goal of achieving universal health coverage (UHC), Karnataka, a national leader in healthcare, launched the Arogya Karnataka scheme in March 2018. It was later integrated with the government of India's national health protection scheme Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) to help with financial protection for accessing curative care at the secondary and tertiary levels through collaboration with the public and private sectors. The AB-PMJAY is a rare opportunity to enhance the health of hundreds of millions of Indians and get rid of a significant cause of the country's poverty. The study intends to define the State's distinctive characteristics with relation to AB-PMJAY-ArK and to highlight the State's top initiatives through the scheme. Karnataka has a unique scheme even if it is integrated due to various striking features. The country has an opportunity to address persistent and deeply ingrained issues with governance, quality assurance, and stewardship owing to AB-PMJAY-ArK. The complete approach used by the AB-PMJAY-ArK cell of the department of health and family welfare, government of Karnataka has enhanced the performance of public health institutions and can be adopted as a model by all the Indian States. Access to care, compliance, and timely assistance have all drastically enhanced. This has improved national health indices, but more crucially, it has led to the development of a bigger and stronger public health system, leading the road to UHC.
Assessment patient satisfaction after total knee replacement in Indian population
Authors: Mohan M. Desai  , Shahare Pratik Y. , Ranjit Chopade  , Shere Pranav
Published: April 2023

Background: We aim to assess the satisfaction of patients after total Knee replacement in Indian population. Tоtаl knee Аrthrорlаsty is most commonly performed for osteoarthritis, and also for other knee diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Knee reрlасement surgeries helрs tо restоre nоrmаl meсhаniсs during level wаlking аs well аs mоre demanding аnd соmрlex асtivities suсh аs stаir negоtiаtiоn. Раtient sаtisfасtiоn rаtes fоr the рrосedure hаve been reроrted between 81-97%. However, this leаves а signifiсаnt роrtiоn оf the TKR рорulаtiоn аs dissаtisfied with the оutсоmes оf the reрlасed knee.
Methods: Patients were assessed at opd visit or with telephonic conversation and scores are calculated and mentioned in excel sheet. Post surgery satisfaction (PSS) score is the score created to measure the satisfaction after total hip replacement. This score contains different questionnaires. These questions include inquiry about relief of pain, ability to do daily routine activities, requirement of walking aids etc. Score contains total 7 questions.
Results: Out of 55 patients we found through this study that about 92.7% were classified as satisfied while 7.3% patients were dissatisfied. Satisfaction rate is more as compared to dissatisfaction rate.
Conclusions: In present study we have tried to eliminate other factors responsible for dissatisfaction such as hospital ward cleanliness, hospital administration, patient and hospital staff communication. we recommend total knee replacement surgery for end stage arthritis and it is more beneficial to the patients in terms of improvement in post-operative pain and function.
Radiological and functional outcome of conservatively managed middle one third clavicle fractures
Authors: Mohan M. Desai  , Shere Pranav P. , Chopade Ranjit , Shahare Pratik Y.
Published: April 2023

Background: We aim to assess radiological and functional outcome of conservatively managed middle one third clavicle fractures in Indian population. Clavicle fractures represent 2% to 10% of all fractures. In middle third clavicle fractures, conservative management is the commonest approach. In uncomplicated non displaced midshaft fractures, patients treated non operatively with these conservative measures have fewer complications and a timely recovery as those treated operatively. Conservative management is a simpler yet effective mode of management in middle one third clavicle fractures.
Methods: Patients managed conservatively for clavicle fractures were assessed on OPD basis with follow up chest X-ray with bilateral shoulder AP view for radiological signs of union and assessing percent shortening and two questionnaires. Constant shoulder score which assess pain, degree of function, range of motion and muscular force and, simple shoulder test, self administered questionnaire defining one or more affirmative answers to find the satisfaction after treatment modality which were tabulated in Microsoft excel sheets.
Results: Out of the 55 patients enrolled in the study 52 showed signs of union at 6 months follow up with mean fracture union time of 13.9 weeks. At 6 months follow up Mean Constant Shoulder score was 87.1 with excellent outcome in 67.67 percent patients and using Simple Shoulder Test satisfaction rate was found to be 78.18 percent.
Conclusions: Solid evidence in favour of non-operative treatment for fractures with remaining contact of the bone fragments. Non-surgical management of middle third clavicle fractures yield excellent results. Clear indications for conservative treatment versus surgical fixation of displaced midshaft fractures have not finally been established yet. We recommend conservative management for uncomplicated middle one third clavicle fractures.
Does multidetector computed tomography unravel the hidden domains of conventional radiography in calcaneal fractures?
Authors: Javaid Iqbal  , Moonisah Rafiq  , Abid Hussain
Published: April 2023

Background: The most often fractured bone among the tarsal bones is the calcaneum. The first assessment of the suspected calcaneum fracture is conventional radiography. The modern assessment of calcaneal fractures is mainly based on multidetector computed tomography, because of its three-dimensional nature and Volume rendering techniques. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of Multidetector CT with Conventional radiography in Calcaneal fractures taking operative data as reference standard.
Methods: The patients suspected for calcaneal fracture were subjected to conventional radiography and computed tomographic imaging and results were compared in terms of Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and Diagnostic accuracy, taking operative/MRI findings as reference standard.
Results: We included 68 cases in our study The Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 92.6%, 33.33%, 82.3% and 98.3%, 71.4%, 95.5% for conventional radiography and MDCT respectively.
Conclusions: We settled that MDCT is far ahead of the conventional radiography in complete depiction, diagnosis, characterization and treatment formulation for calcaneal fractures.
Assessment of foot deformities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Pandey Ritesh A. , Priyank Deepak
Published: April 2023

Background: Affection of lower extremity in diabetic patients leads to development of several foot deformities. The knowledge so far about the particulars of foot deformity in diabetic population is limited. The current study aimed to assess prevalence of foot deformities in known diabetics and to compare it with non-diabetic population. It also aimed to know its association with various risk factors.
Methods: Foot was evaluated for presence of deformity in 80 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and was compared with the control group of 80 non-diabetic individuals. Type of deformity was noted and its prevalence was compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was done to see the association of foot deformity with various risk factors.
Results: Prevalence of foot deformity was more in diabetics as compared to normal population (p<0.004). Forefoot was involved in majority of cases (84.93%) and nail deformities were most commonly seen (38.35%). Deformities were less common in patients who were aware of diabetic foot care measures (p<0.004) and were more common in presence of diabetic neuropathy, vasculopathy and uncontrolled glycaemic index.
Conclusions: All patients with diabetes should be screened for presence of neuropathy as this is the most common factor for development of a foot deformity and hence a foot ulcer. Other helpful screening measures include assessment for peripheral vascular disease and monitoring of glycaemic index (HbA1c). Patients should be educated about the diabetic foot care measures to avoid potential complications.
Results of unicompartmental osteoarthritis knee treated with high tibial osteotomy: a case series
Authors: Tahbildar Pranjal , B. S. Shabeer , Sonowal Kiran , Sarkar Imdadur Rahman
Published: April 2023

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) being a re-emerged common procedure in orthopaedic practice now, which is safe and relatively simple and cost-effective technique requiring careful selection of subjects and precision of technique. Background: In isolated medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) of knee, in a physiologically young and high demanding individual, where preservation of knee is required, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty are not considered as treatment options. HTO is an excellent treatment option where the requirement of technical skills and infrastructure are less and high-volume low-cost surgeries can be performed with minimum instrumentation. 20 selected patients with unicompartmental OA of knee who attended the OPD of orthopaedics, Jorhat Medical College and Hospital were the subjects of this study, during the period of study from June 2020 to May 2021. In our study, average age was 55.9 years; higher incidence among females; higher incidence of OA in left knee; 80% of cases presented at Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 and 3; most of the cases were having BMI within normal range and varus deformity of knee; plate and screw fixation after HTO provides more rigid fixation than staples alone. In this study, we got 60% good and 30% fair results after 6 months to 1 year of follow-up. Successful HTO is a very effective alternative low-cost surgery that makes it possible to delay or avoid knee arthroplasty in well selected patients.
Long-term results of a post-partum bilateral Garden 4 femoral neck fracture in a young woman with transient osteoporosis treated with closed reduction and internal fixation
Authors: Bennani Mourad , Mouad Guenbdar  , Taoufik Cherrad  , Hassan Zejjari  , Hicham Bousbaa  , Jamal Louaste  , Larbi Amhajji
Published: April 2023

Bilateral femoral neck fractures are very rare conditions. In our knowledge, only five cases were reported of bilateral acute femoral neck fracture secondary to transient osteoporosis. The present case is the first with a long-term follow up after treatment with closed reduction and internal fixation. A 32-year-old women was admitted to the emergency orthopedic clinic due to severe pain in both hips and an inability to walk one-day post-partum. Clinical examination revealed bilateral externally rotated legs and X-ray showed bilateral Garden 4 displaced subcapital fracture of the neck of the femur. The patient was operated on urgently by closed reduction and internal fixation.  Osteoporosis was found in the measurements of bone mineral density and bisphosphonate with vitamin D medication was started. 6 years after surgery the patient can carry out her daily activities without limitation. His Harris hip score was 97 points/right and 95 points/left; and the X-ray was normal regarding osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis. Internal fixation should be the primary choice for the treatment of a bilateral femoral neck fractures with a high degree of displacement in young adults even with reversible poor bone quality condition such transient osteoporosis.
Malignant transformation of a recurrent giant cell tumor of bone with lung metastasis: a case report
Authors: T. S. Channappa  , H. B. Shivakumar  , Manju Jayaram  , Yatish R.  , Surya Teja
Published: April 2023

Giant cell tumors (GCT) are benign tumors with potential for aggressive behaviour and capacity to metastasize. It is a locally destructive tumor that occurs predominantly in long bones of adolescents and young adults in the epiphysis. Although rarely lethal, benign bone tumors may be associated with a substantial disturbance of the local bony architecture that can be particularly troublesome in peri-articular locations. It is characterized by a proliferation of mononuclear stromal cells and the presence of many multi-nucleated giant cells with homogenous distribution. There are varying surgical techniques ranging from intra-lesional curettage to wide resection. As most giant cell tumors are benign and are located near a joint in young adults, several authors favour an intralesional approach that preserves anatomy of bone. Although GCT is classified as a benign lesion, few patients develop progressive lung metastases with poor outcomes. Malignant transformation without radiotherapy exposure, is an uncommon event, occurring in less than 1% of giant cell tumors of bone. Here we reported a case of recurrent GCT of tibia that at the time of final recurrence was found to have undergone malignant transformation over a period of 6 years following several limb salvaging procedures. Concurrent metastases were found in the lung, but these were non-transformed GCT following which the patient has undergone above knee amputation.
Patellar tendon mid-substance tear after total knee arthroplasty: a case report
Authors: Sanjeev Jindal  , Bansal Abhishek , Bansal Vivek
Published: April 2023

Extensor mechanism of knee plays important role in successful long term functional outcome after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Any injury to extensor mechanism during or after surgery can cause functional disability which can be devastating for patients. Patellar tendon injuries are not very common after TKA. The author reported a rare case of patellar tendon mid-substance tear after TKA, which was successfully managed by reconstruction using grafts without any implant.
Evaluation of mandibular angle fractures in patients with maxillofacial injuries, in and around Indore- A retrospective and prospective study
Authors: Singhal Divya , Mitra Geeti. V. , Motiwale Tejas , Agrawal Nikit
Published: April 2023

: Mandibular angle fracture is a common type of maxillofacial injury that can lead to significant morbidity if not managed properly. The management of mandibular angle fracture depends on various factors such as the severity of the injury, associated injuries, patient's age and overall health, and availability of resources. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence, etiology, management, and outcomes of mandibular angle fracture in patients with maxillofacial injuries in and around Indore, using a combined retrospective and prospective approach.

: A combined retrospective and prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in and around Indore. Data were collected on patient demographics, injury characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and outcomes.

A total of 1510 patients with maxillofacial injuries were included in the study, out of which 114 patients had mandibular angle fractures. The incidence of mandibular angle fracture in our study population was 19%. The majority of the patients with mandibular angle fracture were males (80.9%) and in the age group of 21-40 years (56.1%). The most common cause of mandibular angle fracture was road traffic accidents (77.7%), followed by assault (17.7%). The most common associated injuries were fractures of para symphysis (63.6%) followed by fractures of the condyle (25.3%). The follow-up of patients with mandibular angle fracturs showed a good clinical outcome in the majority of cases.

Mandibular angle fracture is a common type of maxillofacial injury in our study population, with road traffic accidents being the most common cause. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of mandibular angle fractures can prevent long-term complications and improve patient outcomes.
Diastema closure with direct composite restoration-Case report
Authors: Priyanka  , Verma Gaurav , Jha Monalisha , Kumari Puja , Khushboo
Published: April 2023

Maxillary midline diastema is a frequently occurring malocclusion found to be a common aesthetic complaint of patients. It occurs due to of multifactorial etiology such as labial frenum, microdontia, and oral habits such as thumb sucking, Tongue thrusting, or Dental malformations. Proper technique and materials for successful treatment are grounded on time and the patient's physical, psychological, and economical conditions. The use of Direct composite resin restoration in diastema closure permits the dentist and patients to gain complete control of the above-mentioned and recreation of an aesthetic natural smile. The case report describes a case of midline diastema closure using direct composite resin restoration. The patient was recalled for follow-up for 1 year. No discoloration, sensitivity, line of demarcation, or fracture lines were seen. Therefore, midline diastema closure using direct composite resin restoration is considered highly aesthetic, and durable and could fulfill the aesthetic need of the patient in the present case.
Peripheral ossifying fibroma-Case report
Authors: Gangwar Shilpi , Kumari Priya , Chaudhary Umesh Chandra
Published: April 2023

Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a reactive lesion arising from periodontal cells in response to local irritation with females in second decade of their life are more affected and with maxillary anterior region predilection. Clinical appearance with erythmatous or pink in colour with large lesions are generally smooth. Lesion usually not exceed 1.5 cm. Underlying bone sometimes shows loacalized bone erosion. Treatment usually involves exicision of the lesion with histopathological examination. Chances of recurrence after complete removal is higher.

19 year old female patient came with complain of swelling of gingiva at 43 44 region with clinical examination reveal 1cm × 1cm lesion with pink in colour and smooth surface and radiographic examination showing localized bone loss. After complete phase 1 therapy, exision of the lesion was performed and excised lesion was tranferd in 10% formalin for histopathological examination immediately. Hyperplastic stratified parakeratinized epithelium with connective tissue stroma havind osteocytes and osteoblasts and cementum like material lead to diagnosis of Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma(POF).

POF is a third most common gingival reactive lesion. Histopathological and clinical examination require to confirms the diagnosis.
Analysis of School Educational Spaces
Authors: Fuentes Vilugrón Gerardo , Andrade Mansilla Elías , Bravo Carrasco Ingrid , Lagos Hernández Roberto , Riquelme Mella Enrique
Published: April 2023

This research addresses the problem of the imposition of educational spaces in multicultural contexts. The research is of qualitative nature, based on an interpretative hermeneutic paradigm. It uses collective case study design. The selection of participants was non-probabilistic and intentional, and snowball sampling was used, selecting 15 teachers and 24 students. It is concluded that Chilean schools in multicultural contexts show a lack of social and cultural relevance in the construction and organization of spaces. In addition, it is concluded that educational establishments should consider the implementation of pedagogical and didactic strategies in contact with nature, given that, as has already been demonstrated, children often prefer outdoor experiences as ideal spaces for learning.
Experiences of Family Collaboration in Early Intervention among Korean and Chinese Caregivers
Authors: Kang Veronica , Kim Sunyoung , Wang Jing
Published: April 2023

Despite the importance of family-centered practice in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Part C, a federally funded program for birth to two-year-old children with disabilities, there is a lack of research on Asian families who participate in early intervention in the U.S. This study examined the experiences of two Korean families and one Chinese family in early intervention in the U.S. Interviews were conducted and analyzed by bilingual researchers using ecological systems theory. As a multiple-case design study, the caregiver roles, beliefs, practices, and experiences related to their participation in early intervention were reported through within-case and cross-case analysis.