bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Offset Emission Permit Pricing Factors in the Korean Carbon Market
Authors: Shin Dong Hoon , Kim Dongwook
Published: October 2022

This study aims to empirically analyze the long-run and short-run equilibrium relationship between the price of Korea Offset Unit (KOC) listed and traded on the Korean Exchange since May 2016, and the variables affecting it, such as Korea Allowance Unit (KAU) price, oil, electricity, economic survey prospect index of the general manufacturing business, heating index and cooling index. In general, research on emission permit prices is conducted on the demand side and the supply side. This study analyzes the relationship in the demand side, and weekly time series data for about 6 years from the end of May 2016 were used with the ARDL model. As a result of the empirical analysis, KOC showed a positive correlation between KAU and oil price, and showed a negative correlation with the prospect of Business Survey Index in the long run. In the short term, KAU, oil price, and electricity price showed a positive correlation, and the prospect of Business Survey Index showed a negative correlation.
Neuroimaging Findings of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Aein A. , Khanpara S. , Samant R. , Cai Y.F. , Nunez L. , Savitz S.I. , Romero J.M. , Riascos R.F.
Published: October 2022

This review article is a pictorial review of the wide variety of brain and spine CT and MR imaging findings related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with neurologic deficits. By classifying CNS manifestations according to their pathogenesis, we provide different examples
of vascular, immunologic, infectious, and miscellaneous complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We present cases encountered during the pandemic, retrieved from a large health system.Learning Objectives: To review the spectrum
of common and uncommon brain and spine neuroimaging findings of COVID-19 and describe the key imaging features for each finding
Ru (III) Catalysed Oxidative Degradation of Sodium Bisulphite Derivatives of Aromatic Aldehydes by Potassium Hexacyano Ferrate (III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium
Authors: Ramesh Baboo
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The catalysed oxidation of the derivatives of aromatic aldehydes with inorganic moieties is still unstudied with an economically cheaper oxidant like potassium hexacyanoferrate (III). The catalyst like ruthenium (III) chloride is very much effective at very low concentrations for oxidation reactions. Aims: The study is carried out to observe and to get the results about the oxidative degradation of derivatives of organic and inorganic moieties. Methodology: Benzaldehyde sodium bisulphite (BSS) and substituted aromatic aldehyde sodium bi sulphite like p-chloro benzaldeyde sodium bisulphite, p-methyl benzaldehyde sodium bisulphite, etc. are dissolved in water, can be oxidized in good yield by potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) as PHF in aqueous alkaline medium in presence of ruthenium (III) chloride. Result: The process requires lesser time and probably an intermediate complex of ruthenium (III) chloride, substrate and oxidant give the products. Conclusion: Oxidative degradation of Benzaldehyde sodium bisulfite (BSS) and substituted aromatic aldehyde sodium bisulphite like p-chloro benzaldeyde sodium bisulphite, p-methyl benzaldehyde sodium bisulphite, etc. give moderate to good yield of corresponding aromatic acids in presence of potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) and ruthenium (III) chloride.
DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMICAL E-MODULES BASED ON PAPUA LOCAL WISDOM ON REDUCTION AND OXIDATION REACTION MATERIALS TO INCREASE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Siregar Tiurlina , Karubaba Marice , Siallagan Johnson , Inggamer Mamberuman M.
Published: October 2022

This study aims to find out how to make chemical e-modules based on Papuan local wisdom, development of chemical e-modules based on Papuan local wisdom, feasibility of chemical e-modules based on Papuan local wisdom, improvement of science process skills (KPS) and student learning outcomes. class X science using e-module chemistry based on local Papuan wisdom on the material of reduction and oxidation reactions. The research method used is research and development (R and D). This research was conducted in class X IPA1 SMA YPPK Teruna Bakti Jayapura with a total sample of 28 students. E-chemistry module based on Papuan local wisdom on the material of reduction and oxidation reactions through the ADDIE stage arrangement with the use of the school environment can increase students' chemistry learning outcomes with the n-Gain test obtained an average of 0.74 with a high category.
SOIL pH VALUE ON AGRICULTURAL LAND USING COW STATE FERTILIZER
Authors: Stefanie Selmi Yohana , Condro Novita , Pusop Nias F.
Published: October 2022

Fertilizer is an organic fertilizer derived from animal manure in the form of solid, liquid, and food scraps mixed together. One example of this type of manure is manure from cow dung. The purpose of this study was to identify soil pH in three different locations, namely Komba, Koya and Youtefa, Jayapura Regency. This research was carried out in the life sciences lab of the Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Marine Affairs, University of Ottow Geissler Papua.The method in this research is the experimental method. Soil samples were taken from different locations, namely Koya, Komba, and Youtefa. The parameters observed were soil pH, the data were processed descriptively. The results showed that there were differences in the quality index of the soil pH at each location, which tended to be acidic, namely in the Komba area, the soil pH was 6.62, Koya the soil pH was 6.22, and in Youtefa the soil pH 7.18
برنامج تعليمي – تعلمي وفقًا لبعض استراتيجيات التعلم النشط وأثره تحصيل طلاب الأول المتوسط في الرياضيات
Authors: Hassan Bashar Salah , Resan Hassan Kamil
Published: October 2022

هدف البحث الحالي إلى تعرف أثره برنامج تعليمي – تعلمي وفقًا لبعض استراتيجيات التعلم النشط في تحصيل طلاب الصف الأول المتوسط في مادة الرياضيات, لتحقيق ذلك الهدف أختار الباحث عينة من (49) طالب, المجموعة التجريبية (24) طالب والمجموعة الضابطة (25) طالب من طلاب الصف الأول المتوسط في متوسطة (الأندلس للبنين) للعام الدراسي 2020-2021م, وتم بناء اختباراً للتحصيل مكون من (38) فقرة, وتم التأكد من الخصائص السايكومترية للإختبار, وبعد معالجة البيانات إحصائياً باستعمال الإختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين, توصل البحث إلى :

- تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين دُرِسوا على وفق البرنامج التعليمي – التعلمي على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين دُرِسوا على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية في اختبار التحصيل.

بعد تفسير النتائج توصل الباحث إلى استنتاجات ووضع توصيات عدة وأقترح مقترحات صالحة للبحث والتجريب.
التمثيل الخرائطي للمؤشرات السكانية في اهداف التنمية المستدامة بالعراق وتحليل افضل الطرق
Authors: Al-Khilani Bashar Amer Abdul Qadir , Al-Akedi Wissam Ahmed Rashid
Published: October 2022

جاءت هذه الدراسة وفق تخصص الخرائط لتناقش المؤشرات السكانية في اهداف التنمية المستدامة بالعراق باستثناء محافظات اقليم كردستان (السليمانية، أربيل، دهوك)، حيث اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي من خلال جمع البيانات والمعلومات التي تم الحصول عليها من المكتبات والدوائر الحكومية.

    اظهرت الدراسة ارتفاع في معدلات البطالة في العراق، حيث بلغت اعلى نسبة (19.58%) في محافظة الانبار، كما بينت الدراسة ارتفاع نسبة الافراد الذين يستخدمون الانترنت في العراق لسنة 2019، اذ بلغت اعلى نسبة (64.4%) في محافظة بغداد، واكدت الدراسة على وجود عمالة الاطفال ممن هم بعمر (5 – 17 سنة) في العراق لسنة 2018.

واكدت الدراسة الى ضرورة تبني مشاريع استثمارية تهدف الى تقليل نسب البطالة وتطوير مهارات وقدرات الفئة المنتجة من الشباب وتوفير فرص عمل، مع اهمية وجود برامج ثقافية توعوية تحد من ظاهرة زواج الاطفال ورفع المستوى التعليمي.
المشكلات والأسباب ابتعاد نزلاء المؤسسات الاصلاحية عن الالتحاق بالبرامج التأهيلية
Authors: Hadi Amer Ali , Al-Alwani Ammar Saleem
Published: October 2022

مع تطور المجتمعات وتغيرها زادت المشكلات وتعقدت بصورة أدت إلى ضرورة تنظيم الخدمات الاجتماعية، وبإشراف الجهات الخاصة لمساعدة المحتاجين وتحقيق أهداف التنمية الاجتماعية، وفي ضوء هذا عانى الكثير من نزلاء المؤسسات الإصلاحية العديد من المشكلات، ولعل من أبرزها تلك المشكلات خاصة بالمؤسسات الإصلاحية الناتجة من سوء أو ضعف تقديم البرامج التأهيلية أو بسبب كثرة النزلاء داخل المؤسسات الإصلاحية، فضلاً عن المشكلات الشخصية الخاصة بهم، لذلك حاولت بعض المؤسسات الإصلاحية في الغالب تحديد المشكلات التي يعاني منها النزلاء وفق برامج تأهيلية وإصلاحية خاصة بهم. الأمر الذي يشكل عائق أمام تحسين سلوكيات النزلاء نتيجة لهذه الأسباب وغيرها.
اهوار جنوب العراق
Authors: Al-Ziyadi Hussein Alewi Nasser , Ajrash Hamid Sfyyh
Published: October 2022

يعد البحث محاولة للتعريف بالمقومات السياحية في اهوار جنوب العراق وإبراز هذه المقومات ودورها في تشجيع وتطوير السياحة في جنوب العراق باعتبارها اهم الصناعات في العصر الحديث والمساهمة الأكبر في اقتصاديات بعض البلدان ورافد جديد يضاف الى روافد الاقتصاد العراقي ,وان هدف البحث يركز على أهمية السياحة وفق رؤية جغرافية تحليلية ,واشتمل على محورين رئيسين لتحقيق هذا الهدف وهما المقومات الجغرافية الطبيعية وافاق استثمارها والمقومات البشرية والحضارية وقد توصلت الدراسة الى جملة من النتائج اهما الاستفادة من المقومات الطبيعية والبشرية وهي من اهم المقومات الجاذبة لحركة سياحية كبيره التي يمكن استثمارها وخلق تنمية محلية تعود بالنفع لأبناء منطقة الدراسة .
Compensating Project-affected-Families: an examination of alternatives
Authors: Das Preeti Jain , Divydarshi Jennifer , Singh Devender
Published: October 2022

The empirical study has obtained insights into the expenditure patterns of cash compensation and the desired constituents of compensation package by the affected landowners in a linear project in peri-urban area of Gurugram district in Haryana. The study concludes that monetary compensation is apportioned between the twin heads of immediate consumption needs and income generating assets, though, the percentage spent under each category is influenced by the geographical location and the sociological attributes of communities. A heterogeneous mix of compensation options was found to elicit greater acceptance among the affected landowners. The individual compensation choices are ascribable to factors such as education, age, size of land holdings, income level, extent of awareness, and access to information. The findings of the study underscore the need to diversify the compensation choices incorporated in The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (RFCTLARR) Act, 2013 to optimize the post-acquisition outcomes for the project-affected-families. The paper recommends the adoption of land pooling policy for land aggregation in urbanizing areas to assure high economic return to participating title holders from the serviced parcel of land returned to them through its monetization or utilization for commercial purposes.
SYED MUHAMMAD NAQUIB AL-ATTAS’ CRITICS TOWARD SECULARISM
Authors: Huringiin Nabila
Published: October 2022

The issue of modernity that is crucial today is the development of secularism in various fields. One of the main things to highlight is the popularity of secularism, which has a worldview that is contrary to Muslims. It was Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas who was the most vocal in voicing his criticism and proposing the solutions he offered in the form of the concept of Islamization of Present Day Knowledge. The research method used by the author is descriptive analysis in analyzing the views of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas on Secularism. And the author uses the philosophical approach for this research. There are many confusions in Secularism thought, one of which is the opinion about the separation of Secularization and Secularism which in the end will also lead to Secularizationism. And the Islamization of contemporary Science is the most vocal form of Al-Attas' criticism of Secularism. Because with Islamization, the elements of secular Western culture, spirit, character, and personality contained in science can be cleaned.
INDONESIAN WOMEN ELECT: THE STUDY OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Teguh Teguh , Nur Iffatin
Published: October 2022

Women's participation in Indonesian politics gives its own color for the democracy of the nation. The number of female voters in the DPT of General Election 2019 is greater than the number of male voters, becoming an important key to the future direction of Indonesia's politics, democracy, and governance. This causes women's voices to become significantly valuable as the entry gate for the struggle and the development of the face of Indonesian politics, democracy, and governance. In this study, descriptive qualitative method was used with the Secondary Data Analysis (ADS) approach which utilized secondary data as the main research data related to the phenomenon of women's choice in the 2019 Presidential Election. The main objective of the current research is to see and analyze the level of adherence, pragmatism, fanaticism, and political intelligence of Indonesian women in making decisions to give their vote in the Presidential Election 2019 in a philosophical study. In terms of democratic presidential elections, philosophically if we believe in a democratic system as a form of sovereignty in the hands of the people, it is appropriate that the people directly elect the executive authorities, which in this case are the president and vice president. The elected president and vice president will further be responsible for the people who choose them, in this case is taking care, protecting, and guaranteeing the welfare of all people, including women. Therefore, there are several factors behind women's decisions in determining or voting which pair of president and vice president they think is ideal.
Free Will Stands When Properly Explained and Correctly Defined and Neuroscience Shows This to Be the Case
Authors: Knowles Atina
Published: October 2022

The paper examines how free will is analyzed by philosophers, psychologists, neuroscientists, etc., arguing that free will’s inadequate definition reorients the debate about it while failing to recognize the questions the problem of free will posits. It argues that a theory about free will must consider how a will is conditioned, rather than is free will possible. It proposes a new and improved definition of free will and consequently applies it in interpreting Libet-style experiments’ data. It argues that the experiments show that free will is possible once its correct definition is applied in its proper context.
Geach’s “Good” and “Bad”, Attributive After All
Authors: Knowles Atina
Published: October 2022

In “Good and Evil”, P.T. Geach analyzes the nature of the adjectives "good" and "bad". This paper examines the objections raised against Geach’s claim that “good” and “bad” are always attributive and primarily descriptive in nature and shows that the philosophers whose arguments I review, argue against Geach’s claims almost exclusively due to their misinterpretation and misapplication of the examples Geach offers as illustrations of his claims. The paper also examines Geach’s logical distinction and demonstrates that the distinction itself, is based on an adjective’s modifying behavior and not on an adjective’s inferential character. I argue, that once Geach’s logical distinction is explained and defended, and not simply outlined as he does, it is evident that “good” and “bad” are adjectives which are logically attributive only, and as such, their functions are primarily descriptive.
Anthropology and culturology: methodological intersection and antitheses
Authors: Androsova Daria , Markova Оlena
Published: October 2022

The purpose given work emerges the delimitation of the subject to anthropology and culturology on attitude them to sciences of art and in analogies with scientifically-artistic complex trivium-quаdrivium of Muddle ages and Renaissance. The methodological base is a hermeneutic-cоmpаrаtive method, outgoing from the intonation approach, accepted in science, as from musicology-science of literature and linguistics up to the heory of the kinematograph as defined in works A. Kanarskiy, E. Kuc, O. Markovf, A. Sokolova and other. General science methods, analytical and historian-descriptive, which formed including methodological bases taken to study of the scientific areas to anthropologies and culturology (R. Bаrthes, Yu. Boguckiy, S. Krymskiy, O. Markova, V. Sheiko, O. Spengler), also essential for cognition of the sought regularities and generalizations. The scientific novelty of the study is defined originality of the theoretical principle of the delimitation considered scientific discipline, as well as novelty of the collations of the subject row of the study. Conclusions. Cultural science based on notion of the culture, derived by root importance of the term ("cult"!), defining quality and target purpose that "processing" (lat culture – "processing"), personifying ideal determination, but realization symbolism last emerges the art, given to primevel activity. The anthropology, as biological in the first place science with semiotic-rationalist directivity of the presentation to human essence, rests in logically-life relatedness subject-quality, forming production-consumer  chain of actions, including ideal-cultural output. And culturology, as well as anthropology reproduce complex of collations of the different sciences in demonstrations of its specifics, reminding quаdrivium of Muddle ages-Renaissance in consent with nеоrenaissance  and nеоbаrocco measurements of the epoches of the modern style and postmodern of XX–XXI sentures.

Key words: anthropology, culturology, culture, sciences of arts, subject scientific and scholastic discipline
Ukrainian folk choral art as a dynamic socio-cultural phenomenon: cultural aspects of conceptualization
Authors: Sadovenko Svіtlana
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the work is to substantiate and describe in a cultural dimension the concept of Ukrainian folk choral art as an integral component of Ukrainian folk artistic culture and to develop theoretical dominants regarding the specifics of its functioning as a dynamic socio-cultural phenomenon. The research methodology is based on the principles of cultural, historical, logical, comparative and interdisciplinary approaches, the application of methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization, which made it possible to conceptualize in the context of cultural knowledge Ukrainian folk choral art as an integral component of the national folk art culture and a dynamic sociocultural phenomenon. The scientific novelty consists in the justification, description and conceptualization in the cultural dimension of the concept of Ukrainian folk choral art as a dynamic socio-cultural phenomenon of Ukrainian folk artistic culture. Conceptualized is the idea that Ukrainian folk choral art, as an integral component of Ukrainian folk artistic culture, actively responds to changes occurring in all spheres of society; involving people in the energetic vital process of creativity and communication, reflects these processes in the cultural and artistic work, thereby representing the national communicative and content-creating cultural component of a dynamic socio-cultural phenomenon. Conclusion. In the modern conditions of socio-cultural reality, conceptualization in the context of cultural knowledge of Ukrainian folk choral art, its procedural and dialogic understanding as a dynamic socio-cultural phenomenon of Ukrainian folk artistic culture is considered relevant. Ukrainian folk choral performance, dynamically responding to changes occurring in all spheres of society, reflecting them in cultural and artistic work, involving people in the active process of creativity and communication, manifests the national communicative and content-creating cultural component of the phenomenon, which preserves the ethno-cultural archetypes of folk traditions in multivariate sociocultural continuum. Ukrainian folk choral art, erasing spatial and temporal boundaries, generates the potential of Ukrainian folk artistic culture, plays an important role in the further development of national culture.

Key words: Ukrainian folk art culture, Ukrainian folk choral art, choir, choir functioning, choral performance, traditional performance, singing tradition, sociocultural phenomenon
GAMBARAN SURGICAL APGAR SCORE (SAS) PERIOPERATIF PADA PASIEN LAPARATOMI DI RUANG INSTALASI BEDAH SENTRAL RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH AJIBARANG
Authors: Wibowo Edi , Suandika Made , Budi Martyarini
Published: October 2022

Post-laparotomy complications include bleeding, severe pain, and even death. This can be reduced by effective perioperative management. One of them is by applying the Surgical Apgar Score (SAS) which contains hemodynamic information and intraoperative blood loss.
The aim of the study was to determine perioperative SAS in laparotomy patients. Using a cross-sectional descriptive research design, this study took 21 respondents with quota sampling technique. The research instrument uses the SAS assessment sheet with data analysis using a frequency distribution.
The results showed that most of the sample characteristics were late elderly (> 55 years) (28.6%) with female gender (66.7%). More than half of the sample (76.2%) had an SAS score in the moderate risk category. While the highest rates of morbidity and mortality (7/21) at 12.2% and 1.9%
Conclusion: the most SAS scores in laparotomy patients were in the moderate risk category.
A interdisciplinaridade no câncer avança
Authors: Abreu Evaldo de
Published: October 2022

O 1 Congresso Brasileiro de Serviço Social em Oncologia, realizado em Vitória - ES no último mês de novembro, marcou o encerramento de uma fase de trabalho que durou cerca de 1 ano, dotando ao Brasil uma Sociedade Brasileira de Serviço Social em Oncologia que nasce amadurecida e pujante, tendo a sua frente uma profissional vibrante, que mostrou neste período de organização o quanto um trabalho obstinado pode produzir. A forma que encontramos de brindar o nascimento de tão alvissareiro projeto foi elaborar este editorial que se completa com extratos do discurso proferido pela Assistente Social Giovana do Prado Ventorim, presidente do Congresso e da Sociedade Brasileira de Serviço Social em Oncologia.
Hemangiopericitoma de mama - Relato de caso
Authors: Zettler Cláudio Galeano , Barberio Claudia Laura , Dambros Míriam , Dartora Silvia Regina , Ramos Ricardo A. , Lima Fernando F. Santos , Arent Adriana C. , Grossman Rogério
Published: October 2022

Hemangiopericitoma da mama é um tumor de baixa incidência. Embora benigno na maioria das vezes, pode adotar um comportamento agressivo e levar ao surgimento de metástases. Os autores relatam um caso de hemangiopericitoma da mama com seguimento de um ano.
Aspectos histológicos da reparação tecidual por efeito do metotrexato em feridas cutâneas abertas: estudo experimental em ratas
Authors: Carneiro Paulo Cesar Alves , Gutman Teresa Cristina Ferreira , Castro Onofre Ferreira de , Rodrigues Pedro Carvalho , Pinheiro Juliano Moraes , Oliveira Dilon Pinheiro de
Published: October 2022

Foi estudada a ação do metotrexato administrado por via intramuscular sobre a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas circulares abertas em ratas, do ponto de vista histológico. Foram operadas 36 ratas Wistar, com peso médio de 250,0 gramas. Nos 18 animais do grupo-controle (Grupo 1) foi injetado soro fisiológico 0,9% por via intramuscular, em volume equivalente ao necessário ao grupo tratado, no membro traseiro esquerdo, imediatamente após a confecção de uma ferida aberta de pele, provocada com vazador de 6 mm de diâmetro no dorso do animal, a cerca de 5 cm das bordas inferiores dos pavilhões auriculares. No grupo-experimento (Grupo 2) realizou-se o mesmo procedimento cirúrgico do grupo-controle e administrou-se metotrexato (1 mg/kg de peso corpóreo) por via intramuscular na mesma localização anatômica. Foram sacrificadas no 4“ e T dias de pós-operatório. As alterações histológicas do efeito do metotrexato, evidenciado através da microscopia óptica, se fizeram predominantemente no 7° dia de pós-operatório, tais como: a redução da área de tecido de granulação e necrose (p < 0,001), do número de núcleos redondos (p < 0,001), do número de polimorfonucleares (p < 0,001), do número de fibroblastos e histiócitos em transformação (núcleos fusiformes/campo) (p < 0,001), da distância entre as bordas da ferida (p < 0,001) e do número de vasos/campo (p < 0,005). Concluem que o metotrexato atenua a resposta inflamatória, atuando nas fases iniciais e de fibroplasia, entretanto, acelerou o processo de reepitelização.
Câncer de mama: epidemiologia e grupos de risco
Authors: Lopes Emilia Rebelo , Rebelo Marise Souto , Abib Andreia Ribeiro , Abreu Evaldo de
Published: October 2022

Os autores, por meio dos dados coletados dos Registros de Base Populacional e Hospitalar, apontam para o grave problema de saúde pública em que está se constituindo o câncer de mama. Comparam os dados brasileiros com os internacionais e tiram conclusões importantes, como a que inclui o Brasil no mesmo nível dos países desenvolvidos quanto às elevadas taxas de incidências e mortalidade por esta neoplasia, mas não na consecução das medidas necessárias à prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e controle da doença. Além de comentários sobre os dados estatísticos, é feita também uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os fatores de risco da doença, para demonstrar a relação desses fatores com as diferenças sócio-econômicas regionais e com importantes mudanças nos hábitos de vida das mulheres, nas últimas décadas. O artigo é encerrado enfatizando-se a importância da consecução de medidas que minimizem o problema, sobretudo ações educativas e de diagnóstico precoce.
Câncer e Sobrevida
Authors: Moraes Marcos F.
Published: October 2022

Os dados disponíveis permitem avaliar como o alto percentual de casos avançados e a dependência tecnológica, de verificação corrente em países em desenvolvimento, influenciam os custos nesses países, cujo cidadão paga cem vezes mais do que um estadunidense para se tratar um caso de câncer, independentemente da localização primária do tumor
Tumores de células da granulosa do ovário: estadiamento e tratamento
Authors: Derchain Sophie Françoise Mauricette , Teixeira Luiz Carlos , Torres José Carlos Campos , Andrade Liliana A.L.A.
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de analisar a importância dos achados cirúrgicos e histológicos para a definição dos estadiamento e tratamento dos tumores de células da camada granulosa do ovário. Foram avaliados o estadiamento e os resultados do tratamento de 11 pacientes, atendidas entre janeiro de 1990 e dezembro de 1994, no Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher, da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, no Estado de São Paulo. O seguimento foi atualizado em agosto de 1996. A idade das pacientes variou de 18 a 67 anos, com média de 46 anos. Duas pacientes foram submetidas à salpingo-ooforectomia bilateral, histerectomia total, apendicectomia e omentectoinia e, em sete, acrescentou-se a linfadenectomia retroperitoneal. Em dois casos a doença era irressecável. Cinco pacientes encontravam-se com tumor em estádio IIIC; uma, em estádio IC; e cinco, em estádio IA. A revisão histopatológica revelou 10 neoplasias do tipo adulto e uma do tipo juvenil. Em todos os casos encontrou-se mais de um tipo histopatológico de tumor de células granulosas, sendo dominante o tipo sólido (7/11 casos). o tratamento complementar com antiblásticos - seis ciclos de carboplatina (300 mg/ m2) e ciclofosfamida (500 mg/ m2) – foi aplicado nas pacientes com doença em estádios IC e IIIC. No último controle, com um seguimento variando de 20 a 71 meses, todas as pacientes com tumores no estádio inicial encontravam-se sem doença; contudo, das cinco pacientes com neoplasia em estádio IIIC, três apresentavam progressão da doença apesar do tratamento antiblástico.
Registro de câncer de base populacional: uma proposta para a apresentação dos dados pediátricos brasileiros
Authors: Ferreira Regina Moreira , Fernandes Pedro Luiz , Pinheiro Lucília Reis
Published: October 2022

Os tumores da infância são raros, porém, por serem curáveis, por terem grandes especificidades clínico-epidemiológicas relativamente àqueles dos adultos, e por representarem a primeira causa de morte por doença entre crianças, eles se constituem, nos países desenvolvidos, em um importante objeto de estudo. A apresentação de seus dados no modelo proposto para tumores do adulto não é adequada nem fidedigna, primeiro, pela minimização que os tumores ditos pediátricos sofrem, por causa da sua raridade, ao serem expressos por 100.000 habitantes; segundo, por sua distribuição desigual entre as faixas etárias preconizadas pelo modelo atualmente em vigência (ou seja, a cada cinco anos); e, terceiro, pela importância maior da sua classificação (exceto pelos tumores do sistema nervoso central) por tipo cito-histopatológico do que por localização primária, ao contrário do que se aplica ao adulto e no modelo atual. Pelo presente trabalho, propõe-se que os tumores de crianças e adolescentes sejam classificados, nos registros de câncer de base populacional brasileiros, por tipo cito-histopatológico; que sejam distribuídos em intervalos anuais, até os 15 anos de idade, e em percentagem do total dos números absolutos; e que sejam incluídos todos os tumores do sistema nervoso central, independentemente do seu grau de malignidade.
Rabdomiossarcoma: Avaliação do Protocolo IRS III utilizado no Hospital do Câncer (INCA) Rio de Janeiro 1988-1993
Authors: Brabo Eloá Pereira , Ferreira Regina Moreira
Published: October 2022

Foram estudados 39 casos de pacientes menores de 21 anos portadores de rabdomiossarcoma matriculados no Hospital de Câncer no período entre 1988 a 1993. O estudo baseia-se no protocolo IRS III (Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study III) quanto aos regimes terapêuticos utilizados, a distribuição por sítios primários, histologia, grupos e estádios. As curvas de sobrevida foram determinadas para dois grupos e momentos distintos: O primeiro grupo incluiu todos os pacientes, o momento zero foi considerado como o do início do tratamento e o evento final, a data da última observação. Para o segundo grupo foi considerado como momento zero o término do tratamento para aqueles pacientes que se encontravam em remissão completa, e como evento final o momento da recidiva ou da última observação para aqueles que ainda permaneciam sem evidências de doença. Foi utilizado o Método de Kaplan-Meier.
Quimioterapia primária em câncer de mama localmente avançado: Estudo comparativo entre dois esquemas terapêuticos com intensificação de doses
Authors: Costa Maurício Magalhães , Cardenas Jesus , Erazo Aura , Furtado Cacilda , Calmon Roberto , Balen Jacir Luiz
Published: October 2022

Realizou-se um estudo clínico prospectivo, fase III, multicêntrico, aberto, aleatório e comparativo. Foram avaliadas 60 pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama localmente avançado, estádio IIIA, divididas em dois grupos. As pacientes foram submetidas à quimioterapia primária, com ou sem intensificação de dose, por quatro ciclos, e à cirurgia. Utilizou-se o protocolo FEC 50 no Grupo A (5-FU 500 mg/m2, epirubicina 50 mg/m2 e ciclofosfamida 500 mg/m2) e o FEC 100 no Grupo B (5-FU 500 mg/m2, epirubicina 100 mg/m2 e ciclofosfamida 500 mg/m2). Foram analisados, durante a quimioterapia, o estado geral, variação ponderai, alopécia, alterações digestivas, hematológicas e cardiotoxicidade. Após a quimioterapia avaliou-se a resposta tumoral clínica e, na peça cirúrgica, a resposta anatomopatológica. A resposta clínica objetiva (resposta completa e resposta parcial) nos grupos A e B foi 93% e 96%, respectivamente. Os resultados foram similares, porém no Grupo B houve um percentual maior de respostas clínicas completas. Avaliou-se a doença residual no sítio primário e nos linfonodos axilares. No Grupo A houve 4 (13%) casos de resposta anatomopatológica completa, 12 (40%) de tumor residual microscópico e 14 (47%) de tumor macroscópico. No Grupo B ocorreram 10 (33%) casos de resposta anatomopatológica completa, sete (23%) de tumor residual microscópico e 13 (44%) de tumor macroscópico. Concluiu-se que a quimioterapia primária proporcionou resposta clínica e anatomopatológica maior no grupo com intensificação de dose. A toxicidade, tolerável e reversível, foi mais acentuada no grupo de altas doses.
A mortalidade por câncer de mama no Brasil
Authors: Moraes Marcos F.
Published: October 2022

O editorial faz um panorama dos índices de mortalidade por câncer de mama no Brasil.
A radioterapia do colo do útero no Brasil
Authors: Canary Paulo Cesar , Almeida Carlos Eduardo de
Published: October 2022

O câncer do colo do útero tem expressiva significação no Brasil; como é uma patologia cuja radioterapia constitui um dos tratamentos mais importantes, é possível fazer uma análise da radioterapia e dos métodos usados para o seu tratamento utilizando este tumor como instrumento de análise. Os objetivos deste estudo são levantar o número e a forma como os tumores de colo uterino vêm sendo tratados no Brasil e, através desta análise, estudar a possibilidade de um protocolo nacional de tratamento. Foi elaborado um formulário com dados cadastrais e detalhes sobre o número, a maneira e o equipamento usado no tratamento dos tumores ginecológicos, que foi enviado a 117 instituições para serem respondidos, espontaneamente. Foram obtidos 80% de retorno, e a análise mostrou que 89% eram tumores do colo e 1 1 % do corpo do útero. Setenta e cinco por cento das instituições são privadas e apenas 5% são em hospitais-escola. Cinqüenta e oito por cento dos serviços ainda utilizam cálculo manual na braquiterapia e 70% das pacientes receberam tratamento combina do de tele-braquiterapia. Dos 22.750 casos de tumor do colo do útero estimados pelo Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), para o ano de 1995, apenas 49% receberam radioterapia a despeito de se esperar uma taxa de 80%. Os autores fazem um ensaio sobre as possíveis causas que levam a discrepância entre estes dados e sugerem um protocolo nacional multi-institucional, coordenado pelo INCA e pelo Colégio Brasileiro de Radioloia (CBR), para o tratamento dos tumores de colo do útero, levando em consideração a realidade nacional.
Prevenção e tratamento das náuseas e vômitos induzidos pela quimioterapia antineoplásica
Authors: Maraschin Jorge de Faria , Lazzaron Anderson Rech , Schwartsmann Gilberto
Published: October 2022

Náuseas e vômitos decorrentes de quimioterapia têm um impacto negativo importante em pacientes com câncer, mas isso acabou levando a um considerável avanço em pesquisa neste campo. A grande maioria dos estudos se concentra no tratamento da emese aguda, onde se fez grandes avanços; por outro lado, a fisiopatologia da emese tardia não é tão bem entendida, constituindo-se num desafio terapêutico. A literatura mostra que o tratamento para emese aguda induzida por regimes altamente emetogênicos é a associação de antagonistas do receptor 5-HT3 mais dexametasona. Na emese tardia, metoclopramida e dexametasona é o tratamento de escolha para pacientes com bom controle dos episódios de emese prévio. Para aqueles com mau controle, sugere-se antagonistas do receptor 5-HT3 associados a dexametasona. Na prevenção da emese aguda induzida por quimioterápicos moderadamente emetogênicos, o regime mais efetivo é a combinação dos antagonistas dos receptores 5-HT3 e dexametasona. Na emese tardia, há a necessidade de mais estudos, pois até agora, não existem estudos comparando claramente os diversos tratamentos entre si.
A quimioterapia na visão de pacientes leucêmicos
Authors: Fernandes Ana Fátima Carvalho , Gurgel Almerinda Holanda , Silva Raimunda Magalhães da , Lima Iraci de Sousa
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho descreve o significado da quimioterapia segundo opiniões e realidades dos pacientes leucêmicos. E um a pesquisa qualitativa, onde entrevistamos doze leucêmicos que vivenciaram o tratamento quimioterápico, com o seguinte questionamento: O para você estar fazenda quimioterapia? A análise dos discursos revelou a quimioterapia como um tratamento doloroso pelos vários efeitos colaterais que ela apresenta. O tratamento foi o responsável pela inabilidade física, transforma seus corpos, muda sua imagem corporal, altera seu cotidiano e o seu estado emocional, levando a um grande sentimento de tristeza, medo, nervosismo, depressão e angústia. Os entrevistados consideram o tratamento o melhor, a crença em Deus e a esperança os fazem continuar. Conclui-se que a quimioterapia altera o cotidiano dessas pessoas e que necessitamos planejar uma assistência de enfermagem que contemple todas as fases do tratamento da leucemia.
Câncer do Endométrio: Tratamento Adjuvante Pélvico apenas com Radioterapia Externa após Cirurgia sem Linfadenectomia
Authors: Faria Sérgio Luiz , Ferrigno Robson
Published: October 2022

A incidência mediana de câncer endometrial no Brasil é de 6 casos novos/cem mil mulheres/ ano. A radioterapia tem sido usada como tratamento adjuvante pré ou pós cirurgia, com ou sem braquiterapia. Há consenso de que os casos estadiados como II e III pela FIGO recebam irradiação pélvica, com ou sem braquiterapia. Entretanto, 75% dos casos são estádios I. Por isso há subgrupos prognósticos que dependem da profundidade de invasão do miométrio e do grau histológico do tumor. Tumores em estádio I com invasão profunda do miométrio e/ou alto grau têm também sido tratados com irradiação. A adição de braquiterapia vaginal após a radioterapia externa resulta em melhor controle de falha pélvica? Esta é uma pergunta não resolvida. Desde 1990 temos feito apenas radioterapia externa nos casos de câncer do endométrio que têm indicação de irradiação adjuvante, sem braquiterapia. A cirurgia básica destes casos têm sido histerectomia abdominal total + salpingo-ooforectomia bilateral sem dissecção de rotina dos linfonodos pélvicos. Foram revistas retrospectivamente 61 destes casos tratados no nosso serviço, com 4 campos pélvicos. Cobalto, dose total entre 45Gy-50,4Gy em 25 a 28 frações. Seguimento mediano de 33 meses mostrou um único caso de falha em vagina, 6/61 casos de pacientes que morreram e apenas um caso de complicação intestinal moderada. Estes resultados se assemelham com outros da literatura que não usam a braquiterapia de rotina após a irradiação externa na pelve.
Impacto da Pandemia da Covid-19 no diagnóstico do Câncer de Boca no Brasil
Authors: Atty Adriana Tavares de Moraes , Tomazelli Jeane , Dias Maria Beatriz Kneipp , Ribeiro Caroline Madalena
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A identificação e a investigação de lesões suspeitas na cavidade oral são determinantes para o diagnóstico precoce do câncer de boca. A sobrevida dos casos diagnosticados e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes são diretamente afetadas pelo tratamento oncológico com pior prognostico em tumores avançados. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da pandemia da covid-19 na realização de procedimentos diagnósticos para câncer de boca no Brasil. Método: Estudo transversal com dados do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIA/SUS). A média de procedimentos diagnósticos registrados mensal, semestral e anualmente no período pré-pandemia (2016 a 2019) foi comparada, por meio da variação percentual, com a produção registrada no período pandêmico (2020). Resultados: Observou-se diminuição dos procedimentos de diagnostico para o câncer de lábio e cavidade oral em 2020 comparado com o período de 2016 a 2019, com exceção das Regiões Sul e Centro-Oeste. A Região Nordeste apresentou a maior variação percentual negativa (-26,2%) entre a média de procedimentos realizados de 2016 a 2019 em comparação ao ano de 2020. Rondônia e Goiás apresentaram variação positiva, 66,2% e 43,5%, respectivamente. O país registrou as maiores reduções percentuais em abril (-43,2%) e em maio (-42,3%) de 2020, retornando a variação positiva apenas em dezembro (10,6%). Com exceção da Região Norte, o segundo semestre de 2020 foi pior do que o primeiro. Conclusão: A pandemia da covid-19 impactou a realização de diagnósticos de câncer de boca. Os achados indicam necessidade de orientações para profissionais de saúde e para a população sobre o caráter de urgência do diagnóstico de câncer de boca.
Özel Gereksinimi Olan Çocuğa Sahip Ailelerde Psikolojik Sağlamlık Üzerine Sistematik Bir Derleme
Authors: Akoğlu Bahar
Published: October 2022

Çalışma özel gereksinimi olan çocuğa sahip ailelerde psikolojik sağlamlık üzerine yapılmış araştırmaların sistematik bir derlemesini yapmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada; özel gereksinimi olan çocukların ailelerinde psikolojik sağlamlık konusunda gerçekleştirilmiş yayınların literatüre kazandırdıkları perspektifler, ulusal ve uluslararası yayınlarda birbirini tamamlayan ve birbiriyle çelişen sonuçlar, ilgili konuya yönelik yaklaşık son 10 yıldır bilimsel araştırmalarda neler yapıldığı özetlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 2013-2021 yılları arasında yapılmış 42 araştırmadan gerekli elemeler yapılarak, psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyini konu alan 10 çalışma değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ScienceDirect, Dergipark, Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Tez Merkezi gibi elektronik platformlarda yayınlanmış olan bilimsel araştırmaların başlıklarında ve anahtar kelimelerinde özel gereksinimli çocuk, otizm, zihinsel yetersizlik, psikolojik sağlamlık kelimeleri Türkçe ve İngilizce olarak taratılmıştır. Verilerin bir araya getirilmesinde bir araştırma özet formu hazırlanmıştır. Yayınlanmış araştırmaların karşılaştırılması sonucunda, yüksek eğitim düzeyi olan ve yüksek gelir düzeyine sahip ailelerde psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyinin yüksek bulunduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmaların önemli bir kısmında özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan ailelerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyinin orta düzeyde olduğu gözlenirken; normal gelişim gösteren çocukların ailelerinin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyi ile karşılaştırıldığında psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu bilgilerine ulaşılmıştır. Çocukta meydana gelen duygusal ve davranışsal problemler ile ebeveynlerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyi arasında ilişki görülmektedir. Araştırmalar sonucunda sosyal kaynakların ailelerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyi üzerinde koruyucu bir unsur olduğu kanısına varılmıştır. Ebeveynlerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyi yüksek olduğunda aile tatmini ve pozitif algıların da yükseldiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Psikolojik sağlamlık bir tampon görevindedir. Alanyazındaki bilgiler ışığında özel gereksinimi olan çocuğa sahip aileler için çocuktaki semptomları etkili şekilde nasıl yöneteceklerini öğreten müdahalelerin fayda sağlayabileceği, bilhassa otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı olan çocuklarda oluşan davranışsal problemler için tasarlanmış eğitimlerin ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin ebeveynlerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerini arttırabileceği öngörülmektedir.
A comparative overview on the role of melatonin and vitamins as potential antioxidants against oxidative stress induced degenerative infirmities: An emerging concept
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Manisha , Majumder Romit , Banerjee Adrita , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: October 2022

Oxidative stress is a biological phenomenon described by decreased ability of the antioxidative system to neutralize excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low or moderate concentrations, ROS creates harmony in physiological functions but over production of ROS in long term can predisposes several chronic and neurodegenerative diseases such as coronary diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hemolytic anemia, pulmonary diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. The therapeutic use of antioxidants to control oxidative damage is a well-established phenomenon. In these aspects, melatonin and other classical antioxidant vitamins such as carotenoids, α-tocopherol, vitamin D, and ascorbic acid have gained enormous attention in the modern research area. In this review, we will discuss the comparative as well as the synergistic role of melatonin and other vitamins against stress-mediated disorders. Noteworthy, based on research evidence mentioned here we can recommend the combined use of melatonin and vitamins to alleviate the stress-induced toxicity in the broad spectrum.
Melatonin and redox homeostasis
Authors: Süzen Sibel , Atayik Mehmet C , Sirinzade Hanif , Entezari Bita , Gurer-Orhan Hande , Cakatay Ufuk
Published: October 2022

Redox homeostasis and redox signaling are constituents of preservation of a normal physiological state. Whereas the equilibrium between oxidants and nucleophiles is conserved in redox homeostasis, oxidative stress promotes the formation of a radically altered redox state. It is known that modification of circadian clock may lead to severe alteration in redox balance. Melatonin [N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, (MLT)] regulates numerous physiological functions including circadian rhythm, sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, redox homeostasis, neuroprotection, immune-modulation, and anticancer activity in organisms. Insufficient MLT production is closely related to development of aging process, tumorigenesis, visceral adiposity, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not intrinsically harmful or beneficial in cellular redox metabolism. Redox homeostasis is an integrative status for both of the hormetic response to ROS overproduction and subsequent redox signaling. MLT and its derivatives are traditionally classified as hormone-like substances. Their redox sensitive regulatory activity and direct interaction with intracellular ROS serve as second messenger in cell signaling. This review involves the role of redox homeostasis in the pathogenesis of age-related disorders and its relationship with MLT, therefore, targeting the circadian rhythm may propose new therapeutic approach for these disorders.
Autoxidation of melatonin at excited state: mechanism proposal for formation of N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine
Authors: Peres Matheus R , Miranda Vanessa R , De Souza Aguinaldo R Robinson , Morgon Nelson H , Ximenes Valdecir F
Published: October 2022

N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) is one of the primary oxidation products of melatonin. There is growing evidence of its beneficial biological properties, including antioxidant features and modulators of cytokines and enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. Here, the autoxidation of melatonin mediated by UVC was studied regarding the formation of AFMK and the reaction mechanism. The parameters evaluated were irradiation, pH, dissolved oxygen, superoxide radical anion, and hydroxyl radical. We found that the AFMK yield is directly correlated with UVC irradiation. The AFMK concentration decreased 95% when a 280 nm cutoff filter blocked the irradiation. By removing the dissolved oxygen from the medium, the decrease was 90%. Superoxide dismutase, acting as a scavenger of superoxide radical anion, caused a 64% reduction. At pH 7.0, the AFMK yield was just 14% of those obtained at pH 10. These findings are consistent with a typical autoxidation reaction. In addition, the low yield of AFMK in the absence of UVC irradiation suggested that electronically excited melatonin is the species involved in the initial electron transfer. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to strengthen the proposal. Corroborant with the experimental results, the theoretical analyses revealed that electron transfer from melatonin to molecular oxygen is only energetically feasible in the excited state. In conclusion, the direct autoxidation of melatonin at excited state in alkaline pH is a straightforward approach to producing AFMK.