bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis Unveiled the Intricate Interplay between Sugar Metabolism and Lipid Biosynthesis in Symplocos paniculate Fruit
Authors: Li Wenjun , Jiang Lijuan , Chen Yunzhu , Li Changzhu , Li Peiwang , Yang Yan , Chen Jingzhen , Liu Qiang
Published: July 2023

Symplocos paniculate is an oil plant exhibiting tissue-specific variations in oil content and fatty acid composition across the whole fruit (mainly pulp and seed). And its oil synthesis is intricately linked to the accumulation and transformation of sugars. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of understanding regarding how sugar metabolism impacts oil synthesis in S. paniculate fruit. To unravel the intricate mechanism underlying the impact of sugar metabolism on lipid biosynthesis in S. paniculata fruit, a comparative analysis was conducted on the transcriptome and metabolite content of pulp and seed throughout fruit development. The findings revealed that the impact of sugar metabolism on oil synthesis varied across different stages of fruit development. Notably, during the early fruit developmental stage (from 90 to 120 DAF), pivotal genes involved in sugar metabolism, such as PGK3, PKP1, PDH-E1, MDH, and malQ, along with key genes associated with oil synthesis like KAR, HAD, and PAP were predominantly expressed in the pulp. Consequently, this preferential expression led to earlier accumulation of oil in the pulp tissue compared to the seed. Whereas, during the fruit maturity stage (from 120 DAF to 140 DAF), these genes exhibited a high level of expression in seed, thereby facilitating the rapid and substantial accumulation of seed oil compared to pulp. The sugar metabolism activity in various parts of S. paniculata fruit plays a pivotal role in oil synthesis and is contingent upon the developmental stage. These findings can offer alternative genes for further gene enhancement through molecular biotechnology, thereby augmenting fruit oil yield and altering fatty acid composition.
Study on Sulfuric Acid Leaching and Purification of Zinc Ferrite by Roasting Zinc-Containing Gossan Ore
Authors: Yang Jinlin , Li Hangyu , Li Zongyu , Huo Xingnan , Liao Shizhen , Ma Shaojian , Li Hengjun
Published: July 2023

Gossan discarded from mining processes result in metal resource wastage, and its long-term stacking causes environmental hazards. Therefore, this article considers zinc-containing gossan as the research object. The ore was roasted to prepare primary zinc ferrite products and sulfuric acid leaching was performed for purification. Then, XRD analysis was performed to characterize the purified products. The results indicated that the effect of sulfuric acid concentration on the purification of the products was related to its zinc ferrite content. Furthermore, the effect of leaching temperature on the purification of zinc ferrite products was related to sulfuric acid concentration; the lower the sulfuric acid concentration, the more considerable the effect of leaching temperature. The conditions suitable for purifying the products through sulfuric acid leaching are as follows: sulfuric acid concentration of 140 g/L, liquid–solid ratio of 4:1, leaching temperature of 80 °C, leaching time of 120 min, and stirring speed of 300 rpm. This article determines the factors affecting the purification of zinc ferrite by sulfuric acid leaching along with the optimal purification conditions. The findings presented herein provide a theoretical foundation for the development of new processes for preparing zinc ferrite, which has considerable industrial application value.
Development and Process Optimization of a Ready-to-Eat Snack from Rice-Cowpea Composite by a Twin Extruder
Authors: Okunola Abiodun Afolabi , Dottie Ewhoritsemogha Priscilla , Moses Olumuyiwa Isaac , Adekanye Timothy Adesoye , Okonkwo Clinton E. , Kaveh Mohammad , Szymanek Mariusz , Aremu Charity O.
Published: July 2023

A central composite rotatable design with four independent variables viz. blend ratio (broken rice flour and cowpea flour): 90:10–70:30, moisture content (10–18% wet basis), barrel temperature (110–150 °C), and screw speed (280–360 rpm) were varied in the development of ready-to-eat snacks using a twin extruder for a broken rice–cowpea product. The effects of the independent variables on specific mechanical energy, water absorption index, water solubility index, total color, hardness, bulk density, expansion ratio, and overall acceptability of the extruded snack were investigated using regression analysis. The results showed that the physical qualities of the ready-to-eat snacks were significantly affected by the extrusion parameters (i.e., blend ratio, barrel temperature, moisture content, and screw speed). From the findings, it was observed that screw speed and moisture contents affected hardness, while water absorption index was affected by all the extrusion parameters. However, the water solubility index and overall acceptance were majorly affected by the moisture content; extrudate produced with barrel ratio of 85:15, 12% moisture content, barrel temperature of 140 °C, and screw speed of 300 rpm was the most acceptable, at 6.73 on a 9 point hedonic scales. The blend ratio and barrel temperature influenced the expansion. Furthermore, the combination of cowpea and broken rice to produce nutritious ready-to-eat snacks has high acceptability and is a promising panacea for food security.
Ultrasound-Mediated DNA Transformation of Bacteria
Authors: Wang Bei-Ping , Yuan Yue-Mei , Yang Sheng , Xu Yun , Liao Chun-Yan , Niu Fu-Xing
Published: July 2023

Ultrasound-mediated transformation has become a feasible means for plasmid transformation of microorganisms due to its simple operation, low influence from external factors, and low equipment requirements. This study investigated the effects of ultrasonic power, ultrasonic application time, microorganism growth phase, wash buffer, and Mg2+/Ca2+ presence on transformation efficiency. Using stationary-phase Escherichia coli in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline, the optimal ultrasonic power was 130 W, the optimal ultrasonic time was 12 s (working, 1 s; pause, 2 s), and the maximum transformation efficiency reached 3.24 × 105 CFU/µg in the presence of Mg2+. Based on scanning electron microscopy, the mechanism underlying ultrasound-mediated transformation of microorganisms with an ultrasonic homogenizer involved the cavitation phenomenon, with reversible pore formation accompanied by cell expansion. This method was less dependent on cell types in comparison to other transformation methods, and it also achieved good transformation effect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This is the first time that the phenomenon of ultrasound-mediated microbial (microbubble-free) transformation has been reported using scanning electron microscopy, which has important significance for the mechanism analysis of relevant subsequent studies.
Water Vapor Adsorption on Desiccant Materials for Rotary Desiccant Air Conditioning Systems
Authors: Zhu Ziwen , Zhang Muyuan
Published: July 2023

In order to determine the water vapor adsorption performance of a rotary desiccant-based air conditioning system, the behavior of water adsorption on cylindrical pores of different sizes was studied by using classical density functional theory (CDFT) based on perturbated chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT). Firstly, the structural parameters of the desiccant material were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDS), and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, as well as adsorption equilibrium measurements of water vapor at temperature range 293–308 K. Secondly, the potential energy equation of water molecules in cylindrical pores was determined, and contribution of various terms of PC-SAFT for simulating fluid in cylindrical pores were established. Finally, the pore size distribution (PSD) of the desiccant materials is determined by the PC-SAFT kernel. Moreover, water vapor condensation was investigated with the PC-SAFT model in micropores. The results indicate that the rotary desiccant materials have a large number of micropores with a volume of 0.3669 cm3/g and the amount of water adsorption is about 0.285 g/g. The condensation pressure and the pore width corresponding to the saturated pressure P0 grow with an increase in the temperature, signifying that adjusting the PSD of the material has a significant effect on improving the dehumidification performance. The research concludes that the PSD range of the oxide cylindrical pore between 1.09 and 1.53 nm is particularly beneficial for dehumidification. This study provides valuable theoretical guidance for optimizing dehumidification materials.
Exploring Regularization Methods for Domain Generalization in Accelerometer-Based Human Activity Recognition
Authors: Bento Nuno , Rebelo Joana , Carreiro André V. , Ravache François , Barandas Marília
Published: July 2023

The study of Domain Generalization (DG) has gained considerable momentum in the Machine Learning (ML) field. Human Activity Recognition (HAR) inherently encompasses diverse domains (e.g., users, devices, or datasets), rendering it an ideal testbed for exploring Domain Generalization. Building upon recent work, this paper investigates the application of regularization methods to bridge the generalization gap between traditional models based on handcrafted features and deep neural networks. We apply various regularizers, including sparse training, Mixup, Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO), and Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM), to deep learning models and assess their performance in Out-of-Distribution (OOD) settings across multiple domains using homogenized public datasets. Our results show that Mixup and SAM are the best-performing regularizers. However, they are unable to match the performance of models based on handcrafted features. This suggests that while regularization techniques can improve OOD robustness to some extent, handcrafted features remain superior for domain generalization in HAR tasks.
Three-Phase Motor Inverter and Current Sensing GaN Power IC
Authors: Mönch Stefan , Reiner Richard , Basler Michael , Grieshaber Daniel , Benkhelifa Fouad , Waltereit Patrick , Quay Rüdiger
Published: July 2023

A three-phase GaN-based motor inverter IC with three integrated phase current mirror sensors (sense-FETs or sense-HEMTs, 1200:1 ratio), a temperature sensor, and an amplifier is presented and experimentally operated. The three low-side currents are read out by virtual grounding transimpedance amplifiers. A modified summed DC current readout circuit using only one amplifier is also discussed. During continuous 24 V motor operation with space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), the sensor signal is measured and a bidirectional measurement capability is verified. The measured risetime of the sensor signal is 51 ns, indicating around 7 MHz bandwidth (without intentional optimization for high bandwidth). The IC is operated up to 32 V on DC-biased semi-floating substrate to limit negative static back-gating of the high-side transistors to around −7% of the DC-link voltage. Analysis of the capacitive coupling from the three switch-nodes to the substrate is calculated for SVPWM based on capacitance measurement, resulting in four discrete semi-floating substrate voltage levels, which is experimentally verified. Integrated advanced power converter topologies with sensors improve the power density of power electronics applications, such as for low-voltage motor drive.
FedRAD: Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Relational Adaptive Distillation
Authors: Tang Jianwu , Ding Xuefeng , Hu Dasha , Guo Bing , Shen Yuncheng , Ma Pan , Jiang Yuming
Published: July 2023

As the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) continues, Federated Learning (FL) is gaining popularity as a distributed machine learning framework that does not compromise the data privacy of each participant. However, the data held by enterprises and factories in the IoT often have different distribution properties (Non-IID), leading to poor results in their federated learning. This problem causes clients to forget about global knowledge during their local training phase and then tends to slow convergence and degrades accuracy. In this work, we propose a method named FedRAD, which is based on relational knowledge distillation that further enhances the mining of high-quality global knowledge by local models from a higher-dimensional perspective during their local training phase to better retain global knowledge and avoid forgetting. At the same time, we devise an entropy-wise adaptive weights module (EWAW) to better regulate the proportion of loss in single-sample knowledge distillation versus relational knowledge distillation so that students can weigh losses based on predicted entropy and learn global knowledge more effectively. A series of experiments on CIFAR10 and CIFAR100 show that FedRAD has better performance in terms of convergence speed and classification accuracy compared to other advanced FL methods.
Physical Layer Security Performance of Multi-User Mixed Radio-Frequency/Free-Space-Optics System Based on Optimal User Interference
Authors: Shen Zihe , Wang Yi , Wu Jiamin
Published: July 2023

This paper presents research on the physical layer security performance of a multi-user mixed RF/FSO system based on optimal user interference. In this system model, the RF link experiences Rayleigh fading, and the FSO link follows the Fischer–Snedecor F distribution. The system adopts a double-hop-decode-and-forward (DF) relay scheme. We also consider the effect of directivity errors in the FSO link and assume the presence of an illegal eavesdropper with a single antenna near the RF link. The source node controls the energy collection and information forwarding using a multi-user structure based on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). We select the optimal user to jam the eavesdropper’s communication. We derive closed-form expressions for the mixed RF/FSO communication system’s secrecy outage probability (SOP) and average secrecy capacity (ASC). Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the accuracy of these expressions. By formulating and simulating the simulation system, the impact of various important factors on the mixed system’s physical layer security (PLS) is analyzed. The analysis indicates that increasing the number of antennas and interference signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the optimal user, the time allocation factor and energy conversion efficiency, and the improvement in the quality of atmospheric channels with improved weather will significantly enhance this system’s PLS.
TED-Face: Texture-Enhanced Deep Face Reconstruction in the Wild
Authors: Huang Ying , Fang Lin , Hu Shanfeng
Published: July 2023

We present TED-Face, a new method for recovering high-fidelity 3D facial geometry and appearance with enhanced textures from single-view images. While vision-based face reconstruction has received intensive research in the past decades due to its broad applications, it remains a challenging problem because human eyes are particularly sensitive to numerically minute yet perceptually significant details. Previous methods that seek to minimize reconstruction errors within a low-dimensional face space can suffer from this issue and generate close yet low-fidelity approximations. The loss of high-frequency texture details is a key factor in their process, which we propose to address by learning to recover both dense radiance residuals and sparse facial texture features from a single image, in addition to the variables solved by previous work—shape, appearance, illumination, and camera. We integrate the estimation of all these factors in a single unified deep neural network and train it on several popular face reconstruction datasets. We also introduce two new metrics, visual fidelity (VIF) and structural similarity (SSIM), to compensate for the fact that reconstruction error is not a consistent perceptual metric of quality. On the popular FaceWarehouse facial reconstruction benchmark, our proposed system achieves a VIF score of 0.4802 and an SSIM score of 0.9622, improving over the state-of-the-art Deep3D method by 6.69% and 0.86%, respectively. On the widely used LS3D-300W dataset, we obtain a VIF score of 0.3922 and an SSIM score of 0.9079 for indoor images, and the scores for outdoor images are 0.4100 and 0.9160, respectively, which also represent an improvement over those of Deep3D. These results show that our method is able to recover visually more realistic facial appearance details compared with previous methods.
Stepping Beyond Counts in Recovery of Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study on Passively Collected Gait Metrics
Authors: Fary Camdon , Cholewa Jason , Abshagen Scott , Van Andel Dave , Ren Anna , Anderson Mike B. , Tripuraneni Krishna
Published: July 2023

Gait quality parameters have been used to measure recovery from total hip arthroplasty (THA) but are time-intensive and previously could only be performed in a lab. Smartphone sensor data and algorithmic advances presently allow for the passive collection of qualitative gait metrics. The purpose of this prospective study was to observe the recovery of physical function following THA by assessing passively collected pre- and post-operative gait quality metrics. This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study. From six weeks pre-operative through to a minimum 24 weeks post-operative, 612 patients used a digital care management application that collected gait metrics. Average weekly walking speed, step length, timing asymmetry, and double limb support percentage pre- and post-operative values were compared with a paired-sample t-test. Recovery was defined as the post-operative week when the respective gait metric was no longer statistically inferior to the pre-operative value. To control for multiple comparison error, significance was set at p < 0.002. Walking speeds and step length were lowest, and timing asymmetry and double support percentage were greatest at week two post-post-operative (p < 0.001). Walking speed (1.00 ± 0.14 m/s, p = 0.04), step length (0.58 ± 0.06 m/s, p = 0.02), asymmetry (14.5 ± 19.4%, p = 0.046), and double support percentage (31.6 ± 1.5%, p = 0.0089) recovered at 9, 8, 7, and 10 weeks post-operative, respectively. Walking speed, step length, asymmetry, and double support all recovered beyond pre-operative values at 13, 17, 10, and 18 weeks, respectively (p < 0.002). Functional recovery following THA can be measured via passively collected gait quality metrics using a digital care management platform. The data suggest that metrics of gait quality are most negatively affected two weeks post-operative; recovery to pre-operative levels occurs at approximately 10 weeks following primary THA, and follows a slower trajectory compared to previously reported step count recovery trajectories.
Classification of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Resident Space Objects’ (RSO) Light Curves Using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
Authors: Qashoa Randa , Lee Regina
Published: July 2023

Light curves are plots of brightness measured over time. In the field of Space Situational Awareness (SSA), light curves of Resident Space Objects (RSOs) can be utilized to infer information about an RSO such as the type of object, its attitude, and its shape. Light curves of RSOs in geostationary orbit (GEO) have been a main research focus for many years due to the availability of long time series data spanning hours. Given that a large portion of RSOs are in low Earth orbit (LEO), it is of great importance to study trends in LEO light curves as well. The challenge with LEO light curves is that they tend to be short, typically no longer than a few minutes, which makes them difficult to analyze with typical time series techniques. This study presents a novel approach to observational LEO light curve classification. We extract features from light curves using a wavelet scattering transformation which is used as an input for a machine learning classifier. We performed light curve classification using both a conventional machine learning approach, namely a support vector machine (SVM), and a deep learning technique, long short-term memory (LSTM), to compare the results. LSTM outperforms SVM for LEO light curve classification with a 92% accuracy. This proves the viability of RSO classification by object type and spin rate from real LEO light curves.
Sea-Level Estimation from GNSS-IR under Loose Constraints Based on Local Mean Decomposition
Authors: Wei Zhenkui , Ren Chao , Liang Xingyong , Liang Yueji , Yin Anchao , Liang Jieyu , Yue Weiting
Published: July 2023

The global navigation satellite system–interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) technique has emerged as an effective coastal sea-level monitoring solution. However, the accuracy and stability of GNSS-IR sea-level estimation based on quadratic fitting are limited by the retrieval range of reflector height (RH range) and satellite-elevation range, reducing the flexibility of this technology. This study introduces a new GNSS-IR sea-level estimation model that combines local mean decomposition (LMD) and Lomb–Scargle periodogram (LSP). LMD can decompose the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) arc into a series of signal components with different frequencies. The signal components containing information from the sea surface are selected to construct the oscillation term, and its frequency is extracted by LSP. To this end, observational data from SC02 sites in the United States are used to evaluate the accuracy level of the model. Then, the performance of LMD and the influence of noise on retrieval results are analyzed from two aspects: RH ranges and satellite-elevation ranges. Finally, the sea-level variation for one consecutive year is estimated to verify the stability of the model in long-term monitoring. The results show that the oscillation term obtained by LMD has a lower noise level than other signal separation methods, effectively improving the accuracy of retrieval results and avoiding abnormal values. Moreover, it still performs well under loose constraints (a wide RH range and a high-elevation range). In one consecutive year of retrieval results, the new model based on LMD has a significant improvement effect over quadratic fitting, and the root mean square error and mean absolute error of retrieval results obtained in each month on average are improved by 8.34% and 8.87%, respectively.
A Lateral Flow Assay for the Detection of Leptospira lipL32 Gene Using CRISPR Technology
Authors: Natarajan Satheesh , Joseph Jayaraj , Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan , Estrela Pedro
Published: July 2023

The clinical manifestation of leptospirosis is often misdiagnosed as other febrile illnesses such as dengue. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a precise diagnostic tool at the field level to detect the pathogenic Leptospira lipL32 gene at the molecular level for prompt therapeutic decisions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is widely used as the primary diagnostic tool, but its applicability is limited by high equipment cost and the lack of availability in every hospital, especially in rural areas where leptospirosis mainly occurs. Here, we report the development of a CRISPR dFnCas9-based quantitative lateral flow immunoassay to detect the lipL32 gene. The developed assay showed superior performance regarding the lowest detectable limit of 1 fg/mL. The test is highly sensitive and selective, showing that leptospirosis diagnosis can be achieved with a low-cost lateral flow device.
Decoding Mental Effort in a Quasi-Realistic Scenario: A Feasibility Study on Multimodal Data Fusion and Classification
Authors: Gado Sabrina , Lingelbach Katharina , Wirzberger Maria , Vukelić Mathias
Published: July 2023

Humans’ performance varies due to the mental resources that are available to successfully pursue a task. To monitor users’ current cognitive resources in naturalistic scenarios, it is essential to not only measure demands induced by the task itself but also consider situational and environmental influences. We conducted a multimodal study with 18 participants (nine female, M = 25.9 with SD = 3.8 years). In this study, we recorded respiratory, ocular, cardiac, and brain activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) while participants performed an adapted version of the warship commander task with concurrent emotional speech distraction. We tested the feasibility of decoding the experienced mental effort with a multimodal machine learning architecture. The architecture comprised feature engineering, model optimisation, and model selection to combine multimodal measurements in a cross-subject classification. Our approach reduces possible overfitting and reliably distinguishes two different levels of mental effort. These findings contribute to the prediction of different states of mental effort and pave the way toward generalised state monitoring across individuals in realistic applications.
Excited States of Maximal Warm Holes
Authors: Yue Yuan , Wang Yong-Qiang
Published: July 2023

Recently, the Einstein–Maxwell–scalar model with a non-minimal coupling between the scalar and Maxwell fields was explored. As a result, a new class of black hole solutions with scalar hair was discovered. By fixing the mass of a black hole and taking the maximum allowable charge, an extremal black hole was obtained. Interestingly, this extremal black hole not only possesses an event horizon with a non-zero surface area but also exhibits a non-zero Hawking temperature. This unique type of extremal black hole is referred to as a maximal warm hole (MWH). In this paper, we revisit this model and examine these black holes with highly excited state fields. We discovered that an excited state MWH solution can also be obtained under extremal conditions. We investigate the range of existence for excited states and analyze their relevant physical properties.
Stability Analysis of a Self-Gravitating Fluid within EIT Theory
Authors: Salazar J. Félix , García-Perciante A. L. , Méndez A. R. , Chacón-Acosta G.
Published: July 2023

In this article, we apply the formalism of (classical) Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics (EIT) to the dynamics of density fluctuations for a self-gravitating fluid in a static Universe, considering only bulk viscosity. The problem is characterized by gravitational instability, for which the Jeans criterion is shown to hold. However, both the relaxation time in the constitutive equation and the viscosity itself affect the behavior of both stable and unstable modes. In particular, the stable scenario features three modes, two of them corresponding to damped oscillations which decay faster that in the CIT scene. The third mode, inexistent in the CIT, corresponds to a very quickly decaying mode. In the unstable case, growing modes are observed in both EIT and CIT theories, for which the slowest growth is the one predicted by the CIT theory followed by the EIT, while the non-dissipative case corresponds to the fastest one.
Factors Associated with Ongoing Commitment to a Volunteer Stream-Monitoring Program
Authors: Akin Heather , Shaw Bret , Stepenuck Kristine , Goers Elizabeth
Published: July 2023

Volunteers are important contributors to Extension conservation efforts. Volunteer water monitoring is one solution for involving people so they become educated about local ecosystems and acquire data used to detect ecological threats. The study reported here measured relationships among Wisconsin's Stream-Monitoring Program's volunteers' motivations and perceptions of program efficacy, analyzing how these are associated with intention to stay involved as stream monitors. Findings indicate four categories of motivations and three categories of efficacy related to volunteers' perception of the program.
SARS-COV-2 IS A NEW RISK FACTOR FOR PREECLAMPSIA
Authors:   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Белоцерковцева Л. Д. , Коваленко Л. В. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Панкратов В. В. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Иванников С. Е. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Мордовина И. И. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Козловская О. В. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Шумков А. М. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Гаджиева Д. М. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia
Published: July 2023

The study aims to assess the risks for preeclampsia progression in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 based on the study obtained in 2021, which included the pregnancy course and outcome of 1 122 women divided into three groups. The groups were as following: 52 pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 and preeclampsia, 302 women with negative SARS-CoV-2 and preeclampsia, and 768 pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 and without preeclampsia. Chronic arterial hypertension prevailed in women with positive SARS-CoV-2 and preeclampsia by 2.5 times in comparison with those with negative SARS-CoV-2 and preeclampsia, and by 10.4 times in comparison with those with positive SARS-CoV-2 and without preeclampsia. Assisted reproductive technologies were used for pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 and preeclampsia 7.9 and 11.8 times more frequently than for other groups of women. Women with preeclampsia suffered from premature birth, premature detachment of the placenta, cesarean delivery, and asphyxia of newborns at a higher rate.
FEATURES OF DEVELOPING A BIOBANK’S DATABASE OF BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES
Authors:   Сургутский государственный университет, Сургут, Россия, Донников М. Ю. , Морозкина А. В. ,   Сургутский государственный университет, Сургут, Россия, Коваленко Л. В. ,   Сургутский государственный университет, Сургут, Россия, Иванов Ф. Ф. ,   Сургутский государственный университет, Сургут, Россия, Филиппов И. М. ,   Сургутский государственный университет, Сургут, Россия, Уколов А. А. ,   Сургутский государственный университет, Сургут, Россия
Published: July 2023

The study aims to describe a structure and functions of an information module database of biological samples associated information (blood and its components, genome DNA) for the biobank of the Medical Institute at Surgut State University.
GENETIC MARKERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF ARCTIC ZONE MILITARY PERSONNEL
Authors:   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Лемещенко А. В. , Гурина О. И. ,   V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia, Деменева В. В. ,   Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia, Довгая Н. А. ,   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: July 2023

The study aims to determine features of the emotional state, to assess the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms in military personnel who undergo military service under extreme climate conditions, to detect the association between gene polymorphisms, and to identify their most favorable combination. The L. A. Kurgansky and T. A. Nemchin method was used to assess the stress level; the hospital anxiety and depression scale was used to assess the level of anxiety and depression; the level of personality neuroticism was assessed with the express diagnosis scale developed by the staff at the V. M. Bekhterev State Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Neurology. Real-time genotyping of servicemen’s genome DNA samples was carried out on a DTprime amplifier. One-way analysis of variance assessed the significance of differences in mean values of qualitative indicators with a normal distribution between three independent groups. The Kraskel-Wallis test assessed variables, whose distribution differed from normal. The assessment of independent factors affecting dependent binary groups was conducted with logistic regression. With more than two groups, assessment was conducted with polynomial logistic regression. The results are demonstrated as a relation of chances with a 95 % confidence interval. Poisson regression was used for discrete variables, with results demonstrated as a related risk with a 95 % confidence interval. The method of psychological and psychiatric screening allowed determining the prevalence of an average level of emotional well-being of military personnel who undergo military service in Arctic zone, as well as their genotypes suitable for such service: genotype T/T of the ACTN3 gene (rs1815739), genotype C/C of the HIF1A gene (rs11549465), genotype T/T of the LIPC gene (rs1532085), and genotype G/G of the BDNF gene (rs6265).
Survey on Preferences Towards Advance Directives in Korean Adults
Authors: KIM Soon-Yi , LEE Mee-Ae , KIM Shinmi
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the attitudes and preferences toward advance directives. Analysis sample included 170 cases. The questionnaire asked subjects encompassing whether they have heard of advance directives and if they would complete AD when legislated.
Results were as follow:
1) 83.5% of respondents haven't heard of advance directives. After explaining it, 60.0% responded that they agreed. When AD passes into a law, 52.4% responded they would complete AD.
2) Presumed that they are in a situation that there is no chance of recovery, 73.5% didn’t want themselves to have life-sustaining treatment. Reasons were: it is meaningless to live in persistent vegetative state; it might give burden to family members; it feels more comfortable to have natural dying and death, etc.
3) As for a proxy, respondents preferred a spouse the most, then in order of the following; a son, a daughter, and a doctor. A daughter-in-law, a son-in-law, a nurse, and a minister(including a monk) were less preferred.
4) 73.5% of respondents haven't had discussion about dying and death or life- sustaining treatment with family members. However, 88.2% of respondents believed that family members would make life-sustaining treatment decision for respondents’ their best interests, reflecting their attitudes, beliefs, and preferences towards the treatment.
5) About the question, how they think of discussion about dying and death, 22.4% felt OK; 35.9% did not feel a thing; 27.6% felt a little annoyed; 10.0% felt very annoyed.
6) About an open-ended question, what they want the process of an end of life like, most respondents wanted natural and comfortable dying and death.
Reemplantarse a las izquierdas sin odio: en respuesta a «Preguntas y retos para las izquierdas desde Ecuador», de Alberto Acosta y John Cajas-Guijarro
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Gallardo Gabriela
Published: July 2023

Desde el abanico de «progresismos» se puede encontrar en Ecuador un progresismo barroco. La descripción es compleja, pero sin duda la primera imagen que viene a la mente en torno a la palabra de «progresismo», que por cierto ha tomado un especial significado en las últimas décadas, es el periodo de 2008 a 2017 cuando el movimiento de la Revolución Ciudadana transitó en el poder. Sobre esto, es precisamente lo que trata el artículo «Preguntas y retos para las izquierdas desde Ecuador» desarrollado por Alberto Acosta y John Cajas-Guijarro en el año 2021, el cual se concentra, particularmente, en criticar el periodo progresista ecuatoriano (Revolución Ciudadana) liderado por el exmandatario Rafael Correa.
Implicaciones del espacio urbano en la conformación de violencias
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Pérez Rodríguez Javier Ezaú , Colmenares López Myriam Guadalupe ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: July 2023

La producción del espacio urbano acorde al modelo de desarrollo incide en la generación de tipos de violencias en la ciudad. El espacio dispone de las condiciones tangibles (arquitectura, infraestructura y equipamiento urbano) e intangibles (percepción individual y social) para materializar los elementos que las violencias aprovechan para su beneficio. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar, a través de la dialéctica, las características que contiene el espacio urbano para generar ciertos tipos de violencias vividas y percibidas por la sociedad.
Improving Real-Time Bidding in Online Advertising using Markov Decision Processes and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (Rajasthan), India., Sharma Parikshit
Published: July 2023

Real-time bidding has emerged as an effective online advertising technique. With real-time bidding, advertisers can position ads per impression, enabling them to optimise ad campaigns by targeting specific audiences in real-time. This paper proposes a novel method for real-time bidding that combines deep learning and reinforcement learning techniques to enhance the efficiency and precision of the bidding process. In particular, the proposed method employs a deep neural network to predict auction details and market prices and a reinforcement learning algorithm to determine the optimal bid price. The model is trained using historical data from the i Pin You dataset and compared to cutting-edge real-time bidding algorithms. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed method is preferable regarding cost-effectiveness and precision. In addition, the study investigates the influence of various model parameters on the performance of the proposed algorithm. It offers insights into the efficacy of the combined deep learning and reinforcement learning approach for real-time bidding. This study contributes to advancing techniques and offers a promising direction for future research.
Proposing A New Approach for Detecting Malware Based on the Event Analysis Technique
Authors:   Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Duc Viet Nguyen , Quan Dang Dinh ,   Faculty of Information Technology, Hanoi University.
Published: July 2023

The attack technique by the malware distribution form is a dangerous, difficult to detect and prevent attack method. Current malware detection studies and proposals are often based on two main methods: using sign sets and analyzing abnormal behaviors using machine learning or deep learning techniques. This paper will propose a method to detect malware on Endpoints based on Event IDs using deep learning. Event IDs are behaviors of malware tracked and collected on Endpoints' operating system kernel. The malware detection proposal based on Event IDs is a new research approach that has not been studied and proposed much. To achieve this purpose, this paper proposes to combine different data mining methods and deep learning algorithms. The data mining process is presented in detail in section 2 of the paper.
Driving Performance Improvement of an Organization through Data Object Fusion
Authors:   Department of Management Information System, College of Business Administration, Taif University, P.O Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia., Alhazmi Lamia
Published: July 2023

To succeed in today's data-driven economy, organizations must find ways to put their massive data stores to work competitively. This research delves into the possibility of using data object fusion techniques and, more significantly, consensus clustering to boost the efficiency of businesses in an area of expertise. A case investigation of the automotive service sector demonstrates potential results and puts theoretical knowledge into practice within an organization. Therefore, this study addresses the prospective benefits of data object fusion in the automotive service sector. Furthermore, by combining the findings of different clustering methods, consensus clustering can provide a more precise and reliable outcome. Moreover, a consistent representation of the data objects is obtained by applying this technique to disparate datasets acquired from different sources inside the organization, which improves decision-making and productivity in operations. The research highlights the significance of data quality and the selection of proper clustering techniques to achieve dependable and accurate data object fusion. The findings add to the expanding knowledge of using data-driven ways to enhance organizational performance in any emerging sector.
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOMORPHOLOGY OF DIVERTICULAR DISEASE OF THE COLON
Authors: Shaprynskyi V. O. , Taheiev V. R. , Urvan O. G.
Published: July 2023

Summary. The purpose of the work. The investigation of the pathomorphological changes of the large intestine in diverticular disease and their causes.

Materials and methods. In accordance with the task, we investigated the pathomorphological changes of the colon in diverticular disease and the causes of their occurrence, using pathohistological preparations of 17 patients who were treated at the Clinical Highly Specialized Surgical Center with Minimally Invasive Technologies at the Municipal Non-Conmercial Enterprise «Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pyrogova» of the Vinnytsia Regional Council.

Research results and their discussion. We examined the pathohistological preparations of 17 patients operated for diverticular disease of the colon at the Clinical Highly Specialised Surgical Center with Minimally Invasive Technologies at the Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pirogov of the Vinnytsia Regional Council. Studies have shown that one of the morphological criteria for the development of a diverticulum was a change in the muscular elements of the mucous and muscular membranes. Electron microscopy results confirmed that the wall of the colon in diverticulosis contains structurally normal muscle cells, but contains twice as much elastin, located between the muscle cells in the tenia, which is in a shortened form and probably causes the shortening of the tenia and, as a result, the convergence of the circular muscles. This leads to an increase in haustration, an increase in the spastic readiness of the intestine, which causes the mucous and submucosal membranes to loosen in weak areas.
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF COMPLICATIONS OF CERVICAL ANASTOMOSIS IN ESOPHAGOPLASTY
Authors: Shaprynskyi V. O. , Shaprynskyi Ye. V. , Bassam Hussein Mustafa
Published: July 2023

Summary. Aim. Improving the results of surgical treatment in patients with esophageal stenosis to prevent cervical anastomotic leaks and strictures after esophagoplasty by early detection, prediction of complications and development of comprehensive treatment program.

Materials and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 116 patients with esophageal strictures operated on from 2005 to 2022 were analyzed. Indications to esophagoplasty were the following: post-burn strictures – in 45 patients, peptic strictures – in 10, postoperative strictures – in 17 and esophageal tumors – in 44 patients.

Results and discussion. Using the method of logistic regression it was found that the most important risk factors for cervical anastomotic leak in esophagoplasty are anemia, decreased albumin level – less than 25 g/l, diabetes mellitus, complete esophageal obstruction. Treatment of patients using the proposed program and instrumental method of forming anastomosis was found to reduce the risk of complications.

A comprehensive program of surgical treatment consisting of three stages was developed and used in clinical practice. At the first stage, preoperative preparation aimed at correction of all forms of metabolism was performed and the developed method of prevention of ischemic complications of grafts for esophagoplasty was used. At the second stage, improved mobilization technique in creation of gastric tube and colonic graft were used intraoperatively, as well as the developed instrumental method of forming cervical esophago-organ anastomosis. At the third stage of postoperative period the proposed infusion therapy was continued and stenting was performed in case of specific complications.

Cervical anastomotic leak occurred in 4.92 % of patients in experimental group as compared to 16.36 % of those in comparison group. Cervical anastomotic leak occurred most commonly in gastric tube esophagoplasty, than in colon patch esophagoplasty (p<0.001). No cases of anastomotic leak occurred in formation of cervical anastomosis using the proposed instrumental method. Strictures of cervical anastomosis occurred in 6.56 % of patients in experimental group and 20.0 % of those in comparison group. Strictures of cervical anastomosis were observed more often in gastric tube esophagoplasty, than in colon patch esophagoplasty (p<0.001).

Conclusions. The use of proposed diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm as well as comprehensive program of surgical treatment resulted in reduced incidence of leaks and strictures of esophago-organ anastomosis from 36.36 % to 11.48 % (р<0.01); reduced time of hospitalization – from 28.2 ± 1.1 to 21.5 ± 0.5 bed-days (p<0.001), decreased postoperative period – from 20.5 ± 1.1 to 16.1 ± 0.7 bed-days (p<0.01); decreased postoperative mortality rate – from 7.27 % to 3.28 %.
THE EFFECT OF ENTEROSORPTION AND INTRATISSUE ELECTROPHORESIS OF ANTIBIOTICS ON THE COURSE OF THE WOUND PROCESS IS IN CASE OF THERMAL BURNS
Authors: Petryuk B. V. , Polovyi V. P. , Rоtаr О. V. , Мyshkovsky J. М. , Bіlyk І. І.
Published: July 2023

Summary. Aim. Investigation of the enterosorption impact of the Enterosgel and intratissue electrophoresis (ITE) of antibiotics on the course of the wound process in case of widespread dermal thermal burns.

Materials and methods. The clinical efficacy of this combination was studied in 22 patients with superficial and deep dermal burns (Vishnevsky grade IIIA-B) with an area of 25 % to 62 % of the total body. Enterosgel in the form of a suspension with water was administered from the 3rd day after the injury, 15–20 g 3–4 times a day for 7–12 days. ITE of Antibiotics were performed from day 2–3 using the “Potok-1” apparatus with a constant current density of 0.03–0.05 mA/cm2 for 45–60 minutes. Visual assessment of the dynamics of the wound process, planimetric and cytological examination of burn wounds exudate in the dynamics on days 1–3, 6–7, 13–14 and 19–21 from the moment of injury were performed.

Results and discussion. The proposed combination of these agents in the complex treatment of victims with widespread dermal thermal burns helps to optimize the course of the wound process in the area of thermal injury. At the same time, both demarcation and cleansing processes as well as reparative regeneration are activated, which increases the clinical effectiveness of the prescribed treatment.

Conclusions. As a result of the clinical study, it was found that the use of intravenous antibiotics in combination with oral administration of enterosgel in the complex treatment of victims with widespread burns is reasonable and appropriate.
Spectral Observations and Modeling of a Solar White-light Flare Observed by CHASE
Authors: Song De-Chao , Tian Jun , Li Y. , Ding M. D. , Su Yang , Yu Sijie , Hong Jie , Qiu Ye , Rao Shihao , Liu Xiaofeng , Li Qiao , Chen Xingyao , Li Chuan , Fang Cheng
Published: July 2023

The heating mechanisms of solar white-light flares remain unclear. We present an X1.0 white-light flare on 2022 October 2 (SOL2022-10-02T20:25) observed by the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer that provides two-dimensional spectra in the visible light for the full solar disk with a seeing-free condition. The flare shows a prominent enhancement of ∼40% in the photospheric Fe i line at 6569.2 Å, and the nearby continuum also exhibits a maximum enhancement of ∼40%. For the continuum near the Fe i line at 6173 Å from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, it is enhanced up to ∼20%. At the white-light kernels, the Fe i line at 6569.2 Å has a symmetric Gaussian profile that is still in absorption and the Hα line at 6562.8 Å displays a very broad emission profile with a central reversal plus a red or blue asymmetry. The white-light kernels are cospatial with the microwave footpoint sources observed by the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array and the time profile of the white-light emission matches that of the hard X-ray emission above 30 keV from the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on Fermi. These facts indicate that the white-light emission is qualitatively related to a nonthermal electron beam. We also perform a radiative hydrodynamic simulation with the electron-beam parameters constrained by the hard X-ray observations from Fermi/GBM. The result reveals that the white-light enhancement cannot be well explained by a pure electron-beam heating together with its induced radiative backwarming but may need additional heating sources such as Alfvén waves.