bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ДИАБЕТА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ АЛГОРИТМА МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ K-БЛИЖАЙШИХ СОСЕДЕЙ
Authors: Черикбаева Ляйля , Маликова Феруза , Толеушова Айнур , Болысханова Мадина , Балқашбай Бекжан
Published: February 2024

В настоящее время услуги электронного здравоохранения стали бурно развивающейся областью, которая относится к компьютерному здравоохранению и предоставлению информации для улучшения медицинского обслуживания на местном, региональном и мировом уровне. Эффективная модель прогнозирования риска заболевания путем анализа электронных медицинских данных помогает не только лечить пациента, но и предоставлять услуги через соответствующие системы электронного здравоохранения, основанные на данных. В данной работе мы уделяем особое внимание прогнозированию и анализу сахарного диабета, все более распространенного хронического заболевания, которое относится к группе метаболических нарушений, характеризующихся высоким уровнем сахара в крови в течение длительного периода времени. K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) является одним из самых популярных и простых методов машинного обучения для построения такой модели прогнозирования риска заболевания на основе соответствующих медицинских данных. Для достижения нашей цели мы представляем оптимальную модель прогнозирования на основе обучения K Nearest Neighbor (Opt-KNN), основанную на привычных атрибутах пациента в различных измерениях. Этот подход определяет оптимальное количество соседей с низким коэффициентом ошибок для обеспечения лучшего прогнозирования в результирующей модели. Эффективность этой модели электронного здравоохранения на основе машинного обучения проверяется путем проведения экспериментов на реальных данных о сахарном диабете, собранных в медицинских учреждениях. больниц.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ БИОГАЗА ОТХОДОВ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА
Authors: Бахтияр Балжан , Манапова Гүлзагира , Мергалимова Алмагуль , Маханова Махмуда , Турсунбаева Гулжамал
Published: February 2024

В статье проведен расчет по методике расчета возможности покрытия потребностей производства производимым биогазом. В настоящее время актуальны новые технологии преобразования возобновляемых источников энергии, о чем свидетельствует снижение потребления традиционной биомассы. Одним из вариантов переработки можно считать производство биотоплива как в жидком, так и в газовом состоянии из различных видов биомассы. Использование биотоплива помогает решить ряд экологических проблем, основными из которых являются использование ископаемых источников. В настоящее время биотопливо считается топливом, получаемым из любой биомассы, которая может быть преобразована в тепловую энергию.  В ходе расчета было рассчитано количество биогаза, выделяемого из установки, а также количество газа, расходуемого на собственные нужды. Рассчитаны совокупный выход биогаза и затраты на собственные нужды, показавшие целесообразность внедрения установки
ОЦЕНКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ CuBi2O4 ТОНКИХ ПОКРЫТИЙ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ЭКРАНИРУЮЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ ЗАЩИТЫ ОТ РЕНТГЕНОВСКОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Кадыржанов Даурен , Калиекперов Малик , Идинов Медет , Козловский Артем , Баимбетова Гульзада
Published: February 2024

В статье представлены результаты характеризации тонких пленок на основе CuBi2O4 полученных с применением метода электрохимического осаждения при вариации разности прикладываемых потенциалов. Выбор метода электрохимического осаждения для получения тонкопленочных покрытий, обусловлен возможностями получения пленок на практически любых поверхностях, имеющих различную морфологию и геометрию, а также возможностями масштабирования в случае необходимости нанесения покрытий на большие площади. Согласно полученных данным рентгеновской дифракции было установлено, использование выбранных растворов для осаждения, позволяет получать высокоупорядоченные кристаллические пленки CuBi2O4 с тетрагональной фазой. При этом вариация разности прикладываемых потенциалов не приводит к формированию примесных фаз или значительных структурных изменений, связанных с переориентаций или процессами рекристаллизации. В ходе проведенных исследований установлено, что вариация условий синтеза приводит к упрочнению покрытий, связанному изменением морфологических особенностей, а также плотности формируемых покрытий. Анализ экранирующих характеристик показал, что использование тонких CuBi2O4 покрытий, толщиной 1.5 – 1.6 мкм позволяет снизить эффективность рентгеновского излучения в 2.5 – 3 раза. При этом в случае CuBi2O4 покрытий, полученных при разности потенциалов 3.5 В эффективность снижения интенсивности рентгеновского излучения составляет более 80 % от начального значения.
RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF RAILWAY BRAKE PADS
Authors: Smirnov Yuri , Turebaeva Gulnar
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of tests of the installation batch of railway brake pads, taking into account the modern requirements of railway transport for safety in conditions of increased speeds and increased load capacity. The value of the friction coefficient of the pad on the wheel steel was used as the main criterion in the analysis for the development of solutions. The main indicators characterizing the operational properties of the pads are the speed of movement of the rolling stock and the force of pressing the pads on the wheel steel. Experimental dependences of the value of the coefficient of friction on the production parameters of the rolling stock with a change in the compressive strength of the composite layer are established. A nomogram has been developed to determine operational indicators, which allows solving two tasks: – operational, allowing for a given value of the maximum speed of the rolling stock and the strength properties of the pad to set the force of normal pressure on the wheel and the corresponding value of the coefficient of friction. – technical, which consists in setting the maximum pressure velocity of the rolling stock depending on the value of the normal pressure on the block and its strength properties.
A LOW-PRESSURE STEAM ELECTRIC HEATER AS THE BASIS OF A NEW GENERATION AUTONOMOUS HEATING SYSTEM
Authors: Buzyakov Rustam , Mehtiev Ali
Published: February 2024

The article is dealing with studying an electric vacuum heater and a low-pressure steam electric heater developed on its basis. A low-pressure steam electric heater can be the basis of a new generation autonomous heating system. Prototypes of a low-pressure steam electric heater with an automatic control system for its operation modes have been developed. The prototype power is 600, 800, 1000 W. Reliability of the electric vacuum heater has been tested empirically. A low-pressure steam electric heater combines the efficiency of an electric coil and the comfort of heat from a traditional central heating radiator without the drawbacks of oil-filled electric radiators and is a reliable, fireproof electric heater.
ҚОҒАМДЫҚ ЖОЛАУШЫЛАР ТАСЫМАЛЫ САЛАСЫНДАҒЫ ТАРИФТІҢ ЛОГИСТИКАЛЫҚ АСПЕКТІЛЕРІ
Authors: Жанбиров Жұмажан , Мусабекова Айша , Елешева Жанна , Бекбергенов Ербол
Published: February 2024

Заманауи қоғамдық жолаушылар тпасымалдаушы автокөлігінің қызметі саласында  әртүрлі даулы болған күрделі мәселелер бар. Солардың ішінде жол қауіпсіздігі мен техникалық қызмет көрсетудің төмендігі және жолаушылар тасымалдаушы көлігінің төлемдерін, яғни тарифтерін реттеуді қаржыландырудың тұрақты жетіспеушілігімен байланысты. Жұмыстың мақсаты-барлық мүдделі тараптардың мүдделерін ескере отырып, автомобиль көлігімен жолаушылар тасымалының тарифтік саясатын жетілдіру үшін тарифтерді қалыптастыру әдістемесін әзірлеу. Зерттеу барысында жүйелік талдау, салыстырмалы талдау, синтез, экономикалық-математикалық модельдер және ғылыми іздеудің басқа әдістері қолданылды. Мақаланың теориялық маңыздылығы жол көлігін тарифтеу мәселелерін зерттеу теориясын жұмыстағы ғылыми ережелермен, ұсыныстармен толықтырады. Жұмыстың практикалық маңыздылығы қалалық жол көлігінің тарифтік саясатын қалыптастыруда, жол көлігі кәсіпорындарының шығындарын жоюда және халыққа көліктік қызмет көрсету деңгейін арттыру мақсатында пайдаланылу үшін әзірлеген әдістемелік және ғылыми-практикалық ұсынымдарға байланысты.
The Role of Moderators on Product Quality and Export Flows: The Case of Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Sumaira , Haq Miraj ul , Bhatti Arshad Ali
Published: February 2024

High-quality products are always in demand for both local and international markets. The demand for such products can be increased by the product sales at a domestic level.  It can also be helpful to increase the export flows of an economy and hence improve the trade flows. Other factors have a moderating role in determining the relationship between export product quality and trade flows. The objective of this study is to examine the role of moderating variables, which are used to check the strength of the above relationship. There are three variables: financial constraints, firm heterogeneity, and R&D activities are taken as moderators. For this purpose, the data is taken from annual financial reports of non-financial firms which are listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. Also, some country-level data is taken from the Pakistan Economic Survey. The objective of the study was achieved by using panel techniques Fixed Effect, Random Effect Model for the period of 1999 to 2020. It is found that firm heterogeneity and R&D activities have positive and financial constraints have negative but significant effects on strengthening the relationship between product quality and export flows. Based on our findings, the government should provide R&D funds and financial aid programs for new investors to improve product quality and increase their sales in local and international markets.
Experimental research of coping mechanisms in adult age
Authors:   ", RACU Igor ,   Ion Creangă",   State Pedagogical University of Chișinău, MOCANU Maria Nicoleta ,   "Ion Creangă" State Pedagogical University of Chișinău
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of the experimental research of the cognitive, emotional and behavioral coping mechanisms. The connection between coping mechanisms and dimensions of adult personal autonomy is investigated, common factors of coping mechanisms and personality factors from the alternative five-factor model are identified, the extent to which coping mechanisms can become predictors of favorable impression is investigated, the connection between coping and emotional self-control of the adult and the difference between the coping of the young adult (22 – 29 years) and the middle-aged adult (30 – 65 years).
Anxiety and its determinants at pupils from gymnasium
Authors:   ", RACU Iulia ,   Ion Creangă",   State Pedagogical University of Chișinău
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of an experimental research on anxiety and its psychosocial determinants at pupil from gymnasium. As a sample we selected 100 pupils from 5th till 8th class. On all pupils we applied the following teste: Children Anxiety Manifest Test, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and Self-confidence test by V. Romek. As results we established that anxiety is a characteristic for pupils (52% of pupils have a moderate and high level of anxiety). Anxiety is more particular for girls than for boys. As determinants of anxiety we highlighted a low level of self-confidence and courage. Also, for pupils with anxiety are specific a low and moderate level of initiation of social contacts.
Employee well-being within work teams
Authors:   ", LOSÎI Elena ,   Ion Creangă",   State Pedagogical University of Chișinău
Published: February 2024

The current relevance and importance of well-being within teams stem from its positive impact on performance, employee satisfaction, mental health, and personal development. In today’s work environment, paying attention to and investing in the well-being of team members is crucial for achieving desired results and building a healthy and thriving organizational culture. This article presents the results of an experimental study conducted on 76 employees (46 women, 30 men) within a customer support organization, aged between 28 and 41. Among them, 68.4% (52) fall in the 28-35 age group, and 31.6% (24) are over 36 years old. The aim of this research was to identify employee well-being based on age and gender, and to analyze the role of team communication in influencing well-being.
Application of a cognitive therapy program for depression in people with stroke
Authors:   ", GLAVAN Aurelia ,   Ion Creangă",   State Pedagogical University of Chișinău, BALANUȚA Tatiana ,   Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: February 2024

This article describes the effectiveness of the application of a program of cognitive therapies for the depression of people with stroke, from the moment of initial contact with the psychologist during the acute period, as well as at the following stages of rehabilitation, for the formation of affective-behavioral regulation skills. The intervention through this program contributed to the optimization of the psychosocial rehabilitation process, by capitalizing on some principles, directions, methods, techniques of an integrated approach to post-stroke people from different well-organized psychological orientations and beneficial development for this group of people.
The role of metacognition in the development of scientific thinking in teachers
Authors:   ", SANDULEAC Sergiu ,   Ion Creangă",   State Pedagogical University of Chișinău
Published: February 2024

This paper presents the results of an experimental study conducted on 288 teachers regarding their metacognitive abilities and their utility in enhancing the scientific thinking process. These results have significant implications for the educational process, suggesting that the development of metacognition should be an essential component of both initial and ongoing teacher training, thus contributing to the formation of their scientific thinking. The study’s results indicated a significant increase in metacognition among teachers following the experimental intervention. The effect size was significant, indicating a strong influence of the intervention. The development of metacognition within the context of a program aimed at enhancing scientific thinking among teachers had a substantial impact on how teachers understand and manage their own cognitive processes.
The role of symbolic communication in the vision of sociocultural integration
Authors:   ", TĂNĂSESCU Florentina ,   Ion Creangă",   State Pedagogical University of Chișinău
Published: February 2024

Symbolic communication plays a pivotal role in the socio-cultural integration process. This form of communication involves the use of symbolic languages, such as words, gestures, symbols, and cultural artifacts, to convey information, ideas, and meanings among individuals and within cultural communities. Therefore, symbolic communication is an essential component of socio-cultural integration, contributing to the understanding, transmission, and promotion of culture, the development of cultural identity, and the facilitation of interactions between different cultures. It is a vital tool for fostering a harmonious social environment and promoting cultural diversity in today’s globalized society.
From Idea to Functional ETD: Experiences from the University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Brkovic Mirjana , Tosic Tatjana , Zubic Tatjana
Published: February 2024

This paper reviews different phases of introducing and usage of Electronic Theses and Dissertations – ETD at the University of Novi Sad with special emphasis on specific requirements, challenges and further directions of development and use of ETD systems at the University.
URECA – the Research Ethics and Data Protection Online Review Platform used by the University of Malta Authors
Authors:   University of Malta, Azzopardi Joel
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, research ethics and data protection are given very high importance, and research organizations, including universities, need to safeguard their level of professionalism and integrity by providing the necessary guidelines. Moreover, they need to ensure that these guidelines are being adhered to by their affiliated researchers, including students. This is needed for protection of the research subjects, researchers, and the organization (university) itself. However, care must be taken so that the research ethics review process is streamlined as much as possible to minimize bureaucracy, as such guidelines would then be viewed as a research barrier. This study describes URECA, the online review platform developed in-house by the University of Malta to streamline its research ethics review process, thus simplifying matters for the researchers/students, reviewers, and auditing committees. This platform is utilized by researchers and students to submit information regarding their research and related data collection, by supervisors to endorse their students’ research, by Faculty Research Ethics Committee members to review research proposals as required, and by the University Research Ethics Committee to manage and audit the overall process.
LOSS OF SANITY AND MENTAL BALANCE IN AMBALAVANER SIVANANDAN’S WHEN MEMORY DIES: A POST-COLONIAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Government Post-Graduate College Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Ahmed Qazi Ehsan , Awan Nazakat ,   Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Published: February 2024

When Memory Dies (1997) by the Sri Lankan novelist Ambalavaner Sivanandan is a classic among novels written by the South Asian novelists like Kiran Desai, Khalid Hosseini, Mohsin Hamid and Monica Ali. Ambalavaner Sivanandan is a diasporic novelist. He has migrated to England from Sri Lanka. His masterpiece When Memory Dies offers detailed post-colonial critique. It is both about the bitter colonial experience of the then Ceylonese under the colonization of the Great Britain and the bitter experience of subjugation and ethnic discrimination of the liberated Sri Lankans by their own fellow countrymen after the end of the British colonization. The Sri Lankan elite and ruling groups do the mimicry of the past English government and make the life of their own fellow beings miserable. Loss of sanity is one of the significant issues like loss of dreams, loss of honour, loss of homeland, etc. as found in the novel. Loss of sanity and mental balance is the result of miserable experience under the British subjugation and ensuing turbulent and chaotic political situation in Sri Lanka. The loss of relations also becomes the cause of playing havoc with people and rendering them mentally imbalanced and victim to mental traumas. The research study is qualitative and descriptive, which does close reading of the novel as a primary source for multiple time. Secondary data collected through physical and online libraries has assisted in working on the theme of loss of sanity and mental balance.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA USERS’ CONSUMPTION PATTERS AMONG MALE AND FEMALE
Authors:   Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Shehzadi Iram , Madni Abdul Rehman ,   Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Hassan Ali ,   Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan
Published: February 2024

The increased use of social media has become an international phenomenon. New technology set new trends with the advent of social media and shifted the focus from traditional media to social media. Technology is changing our lives in various ways each decade. One of the major revolutions that are transforming our society and social connections is the use of social media. There was huge increase in social media users in 2021-2022 .This study examines the social media users consumption patterns using the microscope of the Uses and Gratification theory. Data was collected from 350 male and females from university of Sargodha and university of Lahore through self-administered questionnaire. Analysis was made in SPSS v23. Findings indicate that YouTube most used social media site among male and female. Moreover, LinkedIn is the least-used social media platform among them. Furthermore, results show that a significant number of respondents check their social media accounts more than 20 times a day. Majority of male and female spend more than two hours on social media per day. Findings shows that there is correlation between usage of social media and gratification obtained. It’s also investigated that there is no difference in gratification obtained among male and female social media users. Keywords: Social media, Uses and Gratifications, Usage of social media, Gratification obtained by social media.
Bronchiolitis in an infant due to influenza A, necropsy findings: a case report
Authors: Dos Santos Souza Daniela Cristina , Mussatto Diego Henrique Ferreira , Costa Paula de Almeida Souza Santos da , Menezes Ellen Diniz de , Zanelatto Magno Giovani , Moraes Marcelo Padovani de Toledo , Domingues Maria Aparecida Custodio , Oliveira Pedro Marciano de , Terra Simone Antunes , Ojopi Elida Paula Benquique
Published: February 2024

The influenza virus is an important cause of respiratory disease in infants and presents challenging differential diagnoses to investigate. This is a case report that involves a necroscopic study of a 2-month-old male infant, without previous comorbidities, with a serological diagnosis of influenza A and histopathological presentation of non-obliterating bronchiolitis. Infants are considered a high-risk group for flu complications due to the immaturity of the immune system and the ability to respond to respiratory infections. Furthermore, the severity of infection in infants may be worsened by the difficulty in quickly considering and treating the symptoms of the disease.
The Influence of Career Advancement, Job Promotion, and Competence on Employee Performance Through Work Motivation As An Intervening Variable
Authors: Syamilah Aliyatus , Cahyono Dwi , Sanosra Abadi , Said Nur
Published: February 2024

This article delves into the intricate dynamics of Human Resource Management (HRM) in the Education Office of Jember Regency, with a specific focus on the interplay between career advancement, job promotion, employee competence, and employee performance. Drawing on the AMO (Ability, Motivation, Opportunity) framework, this research investigates the direct and indirect impacts of these factors through a comprehensive survey of 80 Education Office employees. The research findings reveal a significant positive influence of career advancement and job promotion on employee motivation and performance. The anticipated direct impact of employee competence on work motivation also proves to be significantly positive. These findings underscore the importance of structured career paths, promotions, and competence in shaping a motivated workforce and enhancing overall employee performance. This research contributes to bridging knowledge gaps in HRM practices and provides practical interventions for organizational improvement. The proposed insights offer a foundation for organizational leaders and HR practitioners to enhance employee motivation and performance holistically.
An exploratory study of artificial intelligence applications in sports medicine
Authors:   Institute of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China., Song Gang
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the field of artificial intelligence has garnered significant global attention, with AI technologies permeating various industries. Particularly, the deep integration of AI with medical and sports has made significant advancements, enhancing the quality of peoples lives
Morphological and molecular characterization of the rust fungus, Phakopsora apoda causing leaf rust on Brachiaria grass in Rwanda
Authors: Uzayisenga Bellancile , Mutimura Mutimura , Muthomi James , Mwang’ombe Agnes
Published: February 2024

Brachiaria grass is one of the major forages that plays a key role in push pull technology. Different diseases including leaf rust caused by rust fungus, Phakopsora apoda have recently become an important challenge resulting in yield loss of Brachiaria grass in different countries including Rwanda. The objective of this study was to provide morphological and molecular characteristics of Phakopsora apoda causing Brachiaria leaf rust. Spores isolated from rusted Brachiaria leaves collected in five districts of Rwanda were analyzed. Samples were put in paper bags and left at room temperature for two days. Thereafter, spores were removed using brushes and put in eppendorf tubes, stored at 4oC in darkness for further characterization. For morphological characteristics, colour and measurements of spores were recorded using Optika B-350 microscope with installed camera and calibrated micrometer. Multigene analysis using rust specific primers and large subunit (LSU) of nuclear ribosomal RNA was performed for molecular characterization. The results indicated that the colour of spores was yellowish or brownish while the shape was ellipsoidal or circular with average measurements of 25.1µm and 16.8µm for length and width respectively. Primers amplified the size of DNA between 1291bp and 1381bp and the size between 874bp to 882bp for rust specific primers and LSU respectively. The identity of the sequence was 96% with e-value of 0, sequence coverage of 60% for rust primer and the sequence identity was 94.97% to 95.37%, sequence coverage of 99% to 100% and e-value of 0 for LSU primer. All sequences recovered from five isolates of leaf rust matched to the genebank accession number MG461668.1 for both rust specific and LSU sequences. The results of this study provide useful information to develop effective options for leaf rust disease management in Rwanda. Key words: Internal transcribed spacer, large subunit, nuclear ribosomal RNA, Phakopsora apoda, sequence, spore.
Evaluation of pests affecting maize imported across Malawi borders
Authors: Mdyetseni Matilda , Muthomi James , Kachigamba Donald
Published: February 2024

Cross-border trade is one of the major factors that puts maize at risk as it creates pathways for spread of different maize pests in Malawi. This study was carried out to identify pests associated with imported maize in order to improve phytosanitary measures and reduce the introduction of pests. Random sampling technique was used to collect imported maize at selected borders and commercial cities with the aim of identifying pests present during importation. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the population of insect pests before and after incubation in all the surveyed districts. Significant differences were observed after incubation for larger grain borer (LGB) and common maize weevil. The highest percentage infestation (32%) of living LGB was recorded in Karonga and the least in Mzuzu (p<0.05). On the other hand, for maize weevil, the highest percentage infestation (20%) was recorded in Nkhatabay while the least was observed in Lilongwe district (p<0.05). Common fungal pathogen species isolated included Fusarium (70%), Aspergillus (29%) and Penicillium (1%). The highest percentage of kernel infection with Fusarium sp. was recorded in Dedza and Lilongwe while for Aspergillus sp. were in Mzuzu. The Aspergillus sp. isolated were A. niger (29%), A. flavus (22%) and A. parasiticus (5%) while Fusarium sp. isolated was Fusarium verticilloides. The study provided the status and causes of storage losses by various pests on maize. It is recommended that the phytosanitary system present at various Malawi borders where maize is imported should be strengthened. This can be achieved through human and infrastructure capacity building, strict compliance with importation regulations and improved funding of organizations mandated to ensure phytosanitary compliance. Key words: Aspergillus sp., consignment, food security, grain storage, random sampling, sanitary and phytosanitary measures.
Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus (Aflasafe KE01) application reduces Fumonisin contamination in maize in lower Eastern Kenya
Authors: Ndirangu Esther , Muthomi James , Wagacha John , Mutegi Charity
Published: February 2024

Management of fumonisin contamination in maize has been a challenge largely because there are no effective management measures for Fusarium ear rots. Maize varieties that are resistant to fumonisin contamination are also lacking. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus (Aflasafe KE01) on fumonisin contamination of maize. The study was carried out in four sub-counties in lower Eastern Kenya. Twenty-four maize fields were selected in each sub-county; where 12 fields were treated with Aflasafe KE01, while 12 fields comprised the untreated controls. Aflasafe KE01 was applied at a rate of 5 kg/ha and 10kg/ha by hand broadcasting in maize fields two to three weeks before tasselling of maize. Fumonisin level in the maize samples was determined using Accuscan Pro-reader enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that application of Aflasafe KE01 reduced fumonisin in the maize from the Aflasafe KE01 treated fields by up to 68% compared to samples from untreated fields. About 62.5% of the maize fields treated with 5kg/ha of Aflasafe KE01 met the European Commission regulatory threshold of ≤2ppm for total fumonisin as compared to about 45% from the control fields. This indicates that Aflasafe KE01 is a potential biopesticide for the management of fumonisin in maize. Therefore, efficacy of Aflasafe KE01 to reduce fumonisin contamination of other key staples in Kenya should also be evaluated. Key words: Aflasafe KE01, atoxigenic Aspergillus sp., fumonisins, maize.
Farmer perception, knowledge and management of the scale insect pest complex infesting crops and trees in Coastal Kenya
Authors: Guantai Mary , Mutitu Eston , Kasina Muo
Published: February 2024

Scale insects and mealybugs (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) are serious plant sap-sucking pests affecting a wide range of cultivated crops and tree species. The insects are highly diverse and can have devastating effects on yields due to lack of farmer awareness and inappropriate management practices. Recent alien mealybug invasions in Kenya include among others, papaya mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus), a highly invasive pest that is spreading quickly. Farmer experience with diverse crop pests can support development of a successful pest management strategy and contribute to reduced impacts on both crop yields and agro-biodiversity. This socio-economic survey was carried out in three coastal counties of Kenya (Mombasa, Kilifi and Kwale) to establish the impact of scale insect and mealybug pests on farmer livelihoods and to document the perception, knowledge and management practices used by smallholder farmers. Data from oral interviews using ODK were administered to respondents and analysed using Excel and GENSTAT. It emerged that 26% of the respondents were familiar with scale insects and 51% with mealybugs, respectively. Of these, 78.13 % and 94% acknowledged having encountered scale insects and mealybugs, respectively, on their farms. The farmers confirmed that scale insect pests affected a high diversity of crops and trees. About 56% of the respondents used pesticides to control the pests while 25% did not apply any management strategy. The remaining 19% practiced cultural control methods such as field sanitation and intercropping with less susceptible crops. Pesticides were reported to be moderately effective (41-70%) at controlling scale insects and mealybugs. Other management options reported by farmers included farm hygiene, the use of high-pressure water jets, and applications of ash and bio-pesticides such as home-made neem extract. Based on the findings, it is recommended that capacity building for farmers and input providers be undertaken to enhance the knowledge of scale insect and mealybug pest biology, symptoms of crop and tree attack, host ranges and management practices. Additonally, training on the use of low-risk pest control products and innovative control methods should be undertaken to reduce the impact of the pest on crop production and agro-biodiversity. Keywords: Farmer knowledge, management, mealybugs, scale insects and socio-economic survey.
A Comparative Legal Study: Euthanasia for Psychological Reasons
Authors: Taufik Muhlisani Ihsan Muhammad Ficqhi , Kamal Muhammad , Aswari Aan
Published: February 2024

This research conducts a comprehensive examination of euthanasia within the legal frameworks of Indonesia and the Netherlands, aiming to elucidate the criminal liability associated with this act. Employing a normative legal research approach, the study analyzes written legal materials, including regulations, legislation, books, journals, and related legal sources, to facilitate a cross-jurisdictional comparison. The findings reveal distinctive legal perspectives in the two countries. In the Netherlands, euthanasia was initially deemed a criminal offense under penal code sections 293 and 294. However, the landscape evolved with the enactment of the Dutch Law on Termination of Life on Request and Assisted Suicide in 2001. This legislation, effective from April 1, 2002, decriminalized euthanasia under specific conditions. Conversely, in Indonesia, euthanasia, particularly active euthanasia, lacks explicit recognition in positive law. Despite the absence of clear regulations, it is generally treated as a form of murder due to its implication in ending a person's life. Examining criminal liability in Indonesia, the study identifies article 344 of the Criminal Code as the closest provision related to euthanasia. However, detailed regulations are lacking. Additionally, the medical code of ethics plays a role in shaping responsibility. Doctors violating article 7d of the medical code of ethics, which mandates the immediate protection of human life, particularly patients, may face consequences. In conclusion, this research underscores the contrasting legal stances on euthanasia in Indonesia and the Netherlands. While the Netherlands has embraced a legalized and regulated framework, Indonesia's legal landscape remains silent on the matter. The study also highlights the need for clearer legal provisions in Indonesia and emphasizes the role of medical ethics in shaping the responsibility associated with euthanasia.
Paradigm Shift of China’s Cybersecurity and Implications: Suggestions for Establishing Desirable Governance in the Era of AI
Authors:   Institute of Legal Myungji Uiversity, Lee Sang-Woo
Published: February 2024

Korea announced the ‘National Cybersecurity Strategy’ in April 2019, and ‘Strengthening national cyber security response capabilities’ was also included in the ‘110 Key Policy Tasks’ released in May 2022. However, the legislation of basic cybersecurity law to establish a legal foundation is at a standstill due to several concerns raised. This is why there is no cybersecurity control tower.
In the case of China, three laws(Cyber Security Law, Data Security Law, and Personal Information Protection Act) were enacted on the basis of the National Security Law(2015), which expanded the scope of national security to cyberspace, thereby establishing basic legal systems for cybersecurity. Through this, the legal basis for data governance centered on the Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP), and the Cyberspace Administration of China was provided. To ensure that core technologies of the 4th industrial era do not pose a threat to cybersecurity, the Anti-Espionage Law(2023) expanded the scope of the law to include data related to national security. In addition, generative AI was regulated through the implementation of the Interim Administrative Measures for Generative AI Services. Following these legislative changes, governance was expanded from the Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP) → National Security Commission of the CCP → Central Science and Technology Commission. At the center of this paradigm shift is the CCP, providing the impetus for the shift.
If we apply the implications of China's paradigm shift to our situation, first, Korea must establish a basic cybersecurity law and quickly establish a cybersecurity control tower based on the law. Considering that cybersecurity issues must be supported by the ability to govern all ministries, the structure of a Presidential Council is appropriate. Additionally, considering that AI technology is closely related to cybersecurity and that discussions on AI regulation are taking place together, a governance system that encompasses both cybersecurity and AI must be established.
In other words, the Presidential Council will be responsible for ‘cybersecurity and AI’ must be established. Through the Presidential Council, the fragmented cybersecurity command system should be integrated, and it must become the control tower that considers and decides on diplomatic, security, economic, and technological policies regarding AI. In-depth discussions on establishing governance that embraces the two values of ‘cybersecurity’ and ‘AI’ should be conducted during the legislative process of the basic cybersecurity law and AI law in order to reach the result. In order to improve transparency, a review of processes that can be checked by the National Assembly regarding the Presidential Council’s major policies, budget, etc. must also be conducted.
Signing a document with blank space and Presumption of authenticity
Authors:   Institute of Legal Myungji Uiversity, Kim Changhee
Published: February 2024

The subject of this study is that when an allegation is made regarding a document submitted as documentary evidence in a civil lawsuit that 'the holder of the title signed the document with blank space, and the other party fill in the blank without authority', which party must prove what content to overturn the presumption under Article 358 of the Civil Procedure Act. The Supreme Court rulings show three positions that conflict with each other. The first view is that the presumption of Article 358 is broken if sufficient counter-evidence is submitted to raise suspicion that a sign was placed on a document with blank space. The second opinion is that if the other party to the document submitter proves that it was a document with blank space at the time of signing, the presumption of Article 358 is broken, and the burden of proof for ‘filling in the blank with authority’ shifts to the submitter of the documentary evidence. The third opinion is that in order to break the presumption of Article 358, the other party of the document submitter must prove both the fact of signing on the document with blank space and the fact of filling in the blank without authority of the incomplete document. I agree with the second opinion. This is because it is against the purpose of Article 358 for the submitter of documentary evidence to lose the evidential value of ‘the fact that the holder of the title himself signed on the document’ simply because there is suspicion that he may have signed the document with blank space.
Искусство как постижение живого (с позиции системного дизайна)
Authors: Якуничев Н.Г. , Киселев А.А.
Published: February 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию назначения искусства как особой формы постижения живого. Используются методы системного дизайна, направленные на обозначение структурных аналогий между организацией художественного произведения и организмом. ­Понимание роли искусства как постижения живого позволяет по-иному взглянуть на его историю. В ходе развития искусства формируется все более адекватный образ организмоподобного мира, развивается способность субъекта воспринимать резонансное состояние многообразных отношений элементов Целого. Обозначается принципиальное сходство методов творчества и естественных процессов самоорганизации и саморазвития.
К вопросу о развитии женского образования в современном Китае
Authors: Жань Итун
Published: February 2024

Образование является важным фактором накопления человеческого капитала национальными экономиками и конкретными предприятиями. Особенно важным этот фактор стал в связи с развитием цифровой экономики и «общества знания» в XXI в. ­Образование мужчин и женщин имеет одинаково высокий статус для экономического развития. Повышение уровня образования и профессиональной квалификации являются основой для более активного участия женщин в жизни общества, а также являются важным показателем социального и экономического положения женщин в обществе. Расширение возможностей для более активного участия женщин в социальной и экономической жизни китайского общества ‒ важная задача общественного развития на современном этапе реформ в КНР. Более активное использование трудового потенциала женщин может как вывести экономику на новый уровень развития, так и создать благоприятные условия для равноправного участия мужчин и женщин в социально-экономической жизни.
Визуализация ассоциативных правил в анализе цветовой коммуникации
Authors: Цыганкова К.Ю. , Грибер Ю.А.
Published: February 2024

Представлен опыт экспериментальной реализации на основе современных программных платформ и технологий семи различных способов визуализации данных, полученных методами поиска ассоциативных правил в социально-психологических исследованиях цвета: текстовое описание; таблица; визуализация на основе тепловой карты; диаграммы Эйлера-Венна; график параллельных множеств; точечный график категорий; визуализация, основанная на графах. Материал исследования составили базы данных трех социально-психологических экспериментов, направленных на изучение аффективных реакций на цвет представителей различных культур. Представлены результаты экспертного опроса, в котором приняли участие семь профессиональных психологов и социологов, имеющих опыт эмпирических исследований цвета. Оценка возможностей и ограничений использования различных методов визуализации ассоциативных правил в анализе цветовой коммуникации проводилась методом лейтмотивного интервью. Содержащийся в статье анализ позволит специалистам в области социологии, психологии и прикладной культурологии использовать представленные в статье стратегии в качестве основы для разработки собственных моделей визуального анализа результатов социально-психологического изучения цветовой коммуникации.
Многопользовательская ролевая онлайн-игра (MMORPG1) как феномен культуры в контексте трансмедийного сторителлинга (Часть I)
Authors: Чукуров А.Ю.
Published: February 2024

Анализируется многоаспектный феномен многопользовательских ролевых онлайн-игр в контексте трансмедийного сторителлинга. Компьютерные игры жанра MMORPG рассматриваются не как вид художественного творчества, а как продукт креативных индустрий и трансмедийный проект, т.е. в русле медиаконвергенции. Тем не менее, в статье выявляются пересечения подобного цифрового продукта со сферой искусства. Мы полагаем неверным использование одинаковых методологических подходов к анализу однопользовательских (сингловых) игр и многопользовательских онлайн- проектов, MMORPG в частности. В первой части статьи анализируется историография изучения цифрового игрового продукта для выявления методологической базы и методологических проблем исследования игры вообще и конкретно MMORPG. Во второй части представлен анализ морфологии игр данного жанра. Далее проводится сравнительный анализ ведущих ММОRPG в контексте медиаконвергенции. Мы полагаем, что видеоигра может быть рассмотрена в контексте художественных практик, как любой продукт креативных индустрий, имплицитно сочетающий коммерческое и художественное начала. Отдельные элементы морфологии игры, в частности, музыка, могут обретать самостоятельную художественную ценность и существовать вне игрового контекста. Морфологическая сложность и многогранность MMORPG проектов позволяет реализовать потребность личности не только в коммуникации, но и в творческой самореализации. Однако коммуникативная составляющая и специфика социализации в MMORPG проектах на первый план выводят феномен сетевой идентичности, т.е. всего того, что способствует формированию «виртуального я» для самопрезентации в онлайн-пространстве, а это кардинально отличает методологию анализа данного продукта от сингловых игр. В статье указывается на зависимость успешности подобных проектов от степени развитости их трансмедийной составляющей.
О восприятии ценности объектов недвижимого культурного наследия в концепциях потребительского поведения
Authors: Цацулин А.Н. , Богатырёв И.С.
Published: February 2024

Концепция отношения общества к объектам недвижимого культурного наследия, сформированная более века тому назад, чрезвычайно актуальна и сегодня. Концепция основывается на тех предпосылках, что данные материальные объекты образуют объективную ценность в восприятии и понимании любого индивидуума, любого социума и общественной формации, любой цивилизации. Цель статьи предусматривает на базе изучения источников разнообразной информации проведение предварительного анализа тех проблем, которые образуют осмысление ценности культурного наследия, сохранение и бережное отношение к нему в режиме активных реставрационной деятельности и восстановительных работ. Достижением сформулированной авторами цели может стать решение ряда важнейших задач о надлежащей государственной охране объектов недвижимого культурного наследия и о необходимой помощи со стороны государства, общественных институтов и международных организаций, с учетом присвоенного статуса объекта в деле спасения, восстановления и щадящей научной реставрации. В статье в качестве методологических и инструментальных подходов к решению возникших проблем рассматриваются существующие в настоящее время главные направления всестороннего оценивания памятников архитектуры прошлого, методы наблюдения, сравнения материалистической диалектики, статистический метод. К полученным результатам авторы отнесли исследование комплексного взаимодействия и изолированного влияния на категорию ценности таких существенных признаков-факторов в качестве оценочных критериев, как культурная и коллективная память, историческая репутация в их значении для самоидентификации общества и в разработке стратегий в сфере сохранности объектов культурного наследия и их использования в эксплуатации рекреационного потенциала дестинации, в том числе в целях познавательного, культурного, событийного и иного вида туризма. Рассмотрены и обсуждены примеры из отечественной реставрационно-строительной практики и западноевропейского опыта, применяемых в целях минимизации негативных последствий антропогенной нагрузки на территорию возрастающих потоков туристов. В конце статьи указаны перспективы дальнейших исследований намеченных проблем и сделаны необходимые выводы по изложенному материалу.
C'è rachitismo... e rachitismo
Authors: Trombetta Andreo
Published: February 2024

The cases of two adolescents finally diagnosed as affected by two different types of Rickets are presented and discussed
Something in the water: opening the public health law policy window for fluoridation?
Authors: Syrett Keith
Published: February 2024

Alongside the more widely debated provisions relating to the organisation and delivery of healthcare services in the National Health Service in England, the Health and Care Act 2022 contains measures relating to public health. This article offers a critical examination of one of these, that relating to fluoridation of water supplies. The nature of this intervention as a response to problems of poor oral health is considered, and the changes made by the 2022 Act are explained. It is argued that there are clear reasons for altering the statutory framework, but that it is less immediately apparent why this development is taking place at this point in time. In order to answer this question, John Kingdon’s concept of a ‘policy window’ is deployed as a framework for understanding agenda-setting in this context. Additionally, this can facilitate analysis of the future likelihood of use of the powers conferred by the 2022 Act in this controversial area of public health.