bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation method for the operation of magnetic flowmeters
Authors: Leonov S. A. , Mikhailovа Yu. V. , Sudarikov V. K. , Terekhina N. V.
Published: November 2024

The issues of testing magnetic flowmeters for liquid metal and studies of their metrological characteristics are considered. The existing liquid metal pouring flowmeters are unsuitable for experimental studies of error components, therefore it is necessary to use simulation methods to simulate the operation of magnetic flowmeters. The tests require the liquid metal plants or methods that allow you to examine flowmeters without plants that can reproduce the flow rate in various operating modes. By analogy with the simulation method of water flowmeters research, a simulation method for modeling the operation of magnetic flow meters for liquid metals has been developed. The proposed method estimates the error of magnetic flowmeters in operation mode. The components of the measurement error of flowmeters caused by a violation of the geometry of the primary converter (the size and location of the electrodes, the design of the inductor coils), a change in the hydrodynamic regime, and the temperature dependence of the shunting effect of the pipeline wall are considered. A representation is obtained for the signal of the primary converter in the form of an integral over the inner surface of the pipe from the product of the radial component of the magnetic field and the surface weight function. The expression found can be interpreted as a magnetic flux through an induction coil located on the inner surface of the channel, the turns of which are drawn along the level lines of the surface weight function. This expression can be interpreted as a magnetic flux through an induction coil located on the inner surface of the channel, the coils of which are placed along the lines of the level of the surface weight function. If such a coil is inserted in the flowmeter channel, the time-integrated voltage induced in the coil will be proportional to the voltage generated between the electrodes of the flowmeter. Since the surface weight function depends on the geometry of the channel, the kinematic structure of the flow, the ratio of wall and liquid conductivities, therefore, the metrological characteristics of the flowmeter can be studied by the simulation method when each of the above factors changes individually or together. To do this, it is enough to make an induction coil taking into account the surface weight function that reflects any of the factors under study or their combination. Simulation methods for studying the dependences of magnetic flowmeter signals on the velocity distribution in the channel and the shunting effect of the pipeline wall are considered.
Análisis de la Motivación en Educación Primaria
Authors: Cuesta Arquelladas Mónica , Ayllón Salas Patricia
Published: November 2024

La motivación es uno de los aspectos más importantes a tener en cuenta en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Sin embargo, uno de los problemas más frecuentes en las aulas de Educación Primaria, con los que suelen toparse los docentes a la hora de impartir su docencia, es la ausencia de interés que presenta el alumnado por los contenidos escolares impartidos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo de investigación conocer los motivos y metas que generan que el alumnado se implique o no en su aprendizaje en una muestra de alumnado de segundo ciclo de Educación Primaria. Para ello, se utilizó como instrumento el Cuestionario de Metas de Académicas, siendo administrado grupalmente por las diferentes aulas-clase a las que pertenecían los participantes. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que las metas que establecen principalmente los participantes son metas de recompensa, por lo que con las implicaciones que ello conlleva para el aprendizaje, se recomienda diseñar e implementar ciertas medidas de intervención que permitan mejorar las tendencias motivacionales del alumnado en el aula. En este sentido, es necesario ayudar al alumnado a establecerse metas específicas, a corto plazo, alcanzables y relativamente desafiantes, y aportar retroalimentación para informar sobre el progreso del alumnado hacia la consecución de sus metas.
The Role of Predictive Analytics in Disease Prevention : A Technical Overview
Authors: Harpreet Singh
Published: November 2024

This article explores the transformative potential of predictive analytics in healthcare, focusing on its applications in disease prevention and public health management. It examines the power of data integration from diverse sources, the use of predictive modeling for risk stratification, and the broader implications for public health surveillance and chronic disease management. The article also discusses the significant growth of AI in the healthcare market and highlights successful implementations of predictive analytics across various medical domains. Additionally, it addresses the key challenges in implementing these technologies, including data privacy concerns, integration issues, model accuracy, and ethical considerations. Through numerous case studies and statistical evidence, the article demonstrates how predictive analytics is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling more accurate, personalized, and proactive approaches to disease prevention and management.
TRANSMISIÓN DEL KÜME MOGEN EN LA COMUNIDAD INDÍGENA CHIHUIMPILLI, COMUNA DE FREIRE REGIÓN DE LA ARAUCANÍA COMO APORTE A LA EDUCACIÓN INTERCULTURAL
Authors: Haase Aguirre Rosa , Narú Agustinus , Vargas Diana
Published: November 2024

El pueblo mapuche, desde sus valores culturales, ofrece una perspectiva para vivir bien, es decir, en armonía y equilibrio. Uno de los saberes de la cosmovisión mapuche que nos interesa y queremos explorar, es el Küme Mogen como aporte para una educación intercultural. Los valores del Küme Mogen o el buen vivir, que abarca cuatro dimensiones (personal, social, ecosistema, y espiritual), son aportes para la sociedad heterogénea de hoy, para vivir en armonía, respeto mutuo, y sana convivencia. Y esto, se tiene que vivir desde ya en la comunidad educativa como un lugar privilegiado para la formación de la futura generación. Así, nos planteamos tres objetivos: Describir los principios, roles y prácticas del Küme Mogen, de las familias y autoridades mapuche en la comunidad indígena Chihuimpilli. Identificar el nivel de conocimiento de los docentes y equipo directivo y la comunidad indígena acerca del Küme Mogen para ser incorporado como elemento esencial del Proyecto Educativo Institucional. Para al fin proponer a la Escuela de la comunidad Chihuimpilli, incorporar los principios del Küme Mogen en el Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI), para fortalecer la educación intercultural. La investigación, de tipo cualitativa, utilizó las técnicas: entrevista semiestructurada, y Focus Group.  La muestra no probabilística se compuso de 15 personas, seis profesores y nueve personas de la comunidad. Los resultados señalan que sus valores son importantes, pero que se están perdiendo en la nueva generación, a pesar de que se viven sus valores en la comunidad educativa, estos no están incorporados en el Proyecto Educativo Institucional.
Formation of cultural identity of students as a subject of pedagogical discussion
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Pevzner Mikhail N. , Permyakov Anatoly V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Shirin Alexander G. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Tsyvunina Anastasia D. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Geopolitical challenges of our time encourage teachers to search for optimal means to counteract the deformation of the ideological positions of students, the mixing of cultures, and the devaluation of traditional cultural and historical values. In this context, the formation of cultural identity among students and schoolchildren, which unites all-Russian and regional cultural meanings at the content level, acquires great theoretical and practical significance. As an example, the Novgorod cultural identity is given as an integrative symbol of the cultural and historical heritage of Russia and the Novgorod region. The purpose of the study is the scientific substantiation of the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity” as pedagogical phenomena containing national and regional components. Materials and methods. Using theoretical methods (interdisciplinary analysis, synthesis, generalization), a study of scientific sources was carried out, which made it possible to identify the relationship between the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity”. In order to determine the components and levels of formation of cultural identity among students, a survey was conducted of 327 students and schoolchildren of the Novgorod region aged 14 to 21 years. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Google Forms service. Results. Based on a theoretical analysis of scientific sources, it was established that cultural identity as a conscious position of young people can be purposefully formed by pedagogical means, and the cultural code can be generated and transmitted by various institutions of socialization. The survey data recorded a fairly high level of development of the cognitive component of the cultural identity of students and an average level of development of the affective and behavioral components. Based on the results obtained, the problematic field of cultural categories was translated into the plane of pedagogical discussion and their characteristics as social and pedagogical phenomena were given. Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to identify the relationship between the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity”, to determine the general civil and regional aspects of the cultural identity of students. The comprehensive educational program for training future teachers developed by the authors, which includes the history of education and enlightenment of the Novgorod region, the theoretical foundations of educational tourism, museum and excursion pedagogy, will be of practical interest for university teachers and school teachers who carry out educational work with students.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОНДОВОГО РИНКУ ЯК СКЛАДНОЇ АДАПТИВНОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Ткачук Наталія , Фурман Денис
Published: November 2024

У статті розглянуто сутність і особливості фондового ринку як складної, адаптивної системи. Розкрито системні характеристики фондового ринку. Підкреслено, що складність фондового ринку як системи передбачає багатство можливостей і різноманітність варіантів його розвитку. Доведено, що фондовий ринок можна вважати складною системою за умови нелінійності взаємодії його елементів. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності врахування адаптивності фондового ринку в сучасних умовах, що передбачає його здатність швидкого пристосування до змінних умов функціонування. Запропоновано виділяти пасивну адаптацію – реагування фондового ринку на зміни зовнішнього середовища та активну адаптацію – вплив самого фондового ринку на оточуюче середовище. Окреслено основні ознаки фондового ринку як складної, адаптивної системи: недетермінованість, розподільчий характер відносин, зворотність циклів розвитку та самоорганізація.
ДИФЕРЕНЦІАЦІЯ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ БАГАТОНАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Ткачук Назарій , Заяць Олена
Published: November 2024

У статті аналізується диференціація конкурентних стратегій багатонаціональних підприємств. Доведено, що для розробки стратегії багатонаціональні підприємства найчастіше використовують SWOT-аналіз. Виявлено, що один із шляхів підвищення конкурентоспроможності багатонаціонального підприємства є утворення стратегічних альянсів. Наголошено, що багатонаціональні підприємства для сталого розвитку і збільшення прибутковості повинні впроваджувати стратегічне управління компанією, яке пов’язане з оцінкою зовнішнього середовища, визначенням майбутніх можливостей і небезпек, формулюванням глобальних цілей і стратегій завдяки оцінки зовнішніх умов і внутрішнього аналізу сильних і слабких сторін корпорації. Ідентифіковано, що у сучасних умовах ведення бізнесу і за умов глобалізації, багатонаціональні підприємства змушені використовувати нові типи стратегій, які формуються під впливом геополітичних, соціально-економічних умов у різних країнах. Зазначено, що найбільш актуальною в теперішній нестабільний час можна вважати стратегію багатонаціональної диверсифікації. Проаналізовано діяльність найбільших компаній на світовому ринку та визначено основні види міжнародних стратегій, які використовуються у їх діяльності. Розглянемо вплив війни на території України на діяльність багатонаціональних підприємств і їх адаптацію стратегій діяльності до нових реалій.
ВПЛИВ ПОВНОМАСШТАБНИХ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ НА СТІЙКІСТЬ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ДО КЛІМАТИЧНИХ ЗМІН
Authors: Шевченко Олександр , Пронь Ольга , Чеботарьова Інна
Published: November 2024

У статті розглянуто екологічні, економічні та соціальні наслідки військових дій на території України, зокрема вплив повномасштабної російсько-української війни на стійкість територій до кліматичних змін. Автори акцентують увагу на руйнуванні критичної інфраструктури, що ускладнює адаптацію до кліматичних змін, а також на значних екологічних збитках від бойових дій. Оцінюються прямі та непрямі впливи війни на клімат, включаючи масові викиди парникових газів, забруднення природних ресурсів, деградацію ґрунтів та загибель флори й фауни. Важливість дослідження підкреслюється необхідністю розроблення ефективних програм відновлення постраждалих регіонів, що враховують як екологічні, так і соціально-економічні фактори. У статті також обґрунтовується необхідність створення міжнародної комісії для екологічного моніторингу наслідків війни.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ЛОГІСТИКИ
Authors: Ясінська Алла
Published: November 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню теоретико-концептуальних аспектів впровадження управлінського обліку на підприємствах логістики. Зазначено, що управлінський облік – це невід’ємна складова ефективного управління підприємством. Він є інструментом для планування, аналізу витрат, контролю за виконанням бюджетів та оцінювання рентабельності різних бізнес-процесів. Зауважено, що метою управлінського обліку бізнес-процесів у логістичних компаніях є зменшення витрат на виконання транспортних послуг та досягнення максимально можливого рівня рентабельності або норми прибутку. Завдяки сучасним методам обліку та інформаційним системам компанії можуть приймати обґрунтовані управлінські рішення, що підвищують ефективність логістичних процесів та їх конкурентоспроможність. Як наслідок управлінський облік сприяє не лише зниженню витрат, але й покращенню фінансових результатів підприємства.
ОЦІНКА РИЗИКІВ (КОРУПЦІЙНИХ) У СФЕРІ НАДХОДЖЕННЯ ГУМАНІТАРНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ ТА СПОСОБИ ЇХ МІНІМІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Галій Василь
Published: November 2024

Ситуація, що виникла в Україні з початку широкомасштабного вторгнення Російської Федерації, дійсно викликала гостру потребу в гуманітарній допомозі для військових, цивільного населення та внутрішньо переміщених осіб. Проте в цій сфері також виявилися численні випадки зловживань, зокрема корупційного характеру. Під виглядом гуманітарної допомоги до України часто ввозяться товари для комерційного використання, що негативно впливає на вітчизняне виробництво, роблячи продукцію менш конкурентоспроможною і завдаючи шкоди економіці. Ця проблема має кілька причин. По-перше, недобросовісні громадяни використовують ситуацію для особистого збагачення, порушуючи правила та етичні норми. По-друге, існують прогалини в нормативно-правовому регулюванні, що створює можливості для таких зловживань. Крім того, недостатній контроль з боку відповідних органів і слабка координація роботи з гуманітарною допомогою сприяють поширенню корупційних практик. Кризові ситуації, коли необхідно діяти негайно, змушують спрощувати певні процедури, що також може призводити до зловживань. Таким чином, для вирішення цієї проблеми необхідно вдосконалити нормативно-правову базу, посилити контроль за ввезенням та використанням гуманітарної допомоги, а також забезпечити координацію між різними структурами, відповідальними за її надання. Це допоможе не тільки запобігти корупційним проявам, але й забезпечити ефективне використання ресурсів на благо тих, хто найбільше цього потребує.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗОВНІШНЬОГО МОНІТОРИНГУ МАЛОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В КОНТЕКСТІ СПОЖИВЧИХ ТОВАРІВ
Authors: Котвицька Наталія , Орябинський Андрій , Паранькевич Михайло
Published: November 2024

У статті досліджуються ключові аспекти зовнішнього моніторингу малого підприємництва в сфері виробництва та реалізації споживчих товарів. Аналізується роль зовнішнього моніторингу як інструменту оцінки ефективності діяльності малих підприємств, їхньої конкурентоспроможності та впливу на внутрішній ринок. Особлива увага приділяється методам збору даних, аналізу ринкових тенденцій, а також оцінці впливу зовнішніх факторів, таких як економічна нестабільність та зміна споживчих уподобань. У роботі також розглядаються можливості покращення системи моніторингу через впровадження цифрових технологій та співпрацю з державними регуляторами. Результати дослідження допомагають визначити ефективні стратегії розвитку малого підприємництва в умовах постійно змінюваного ринку споживчих товарів.
СИНЕРГІЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА ІННОВАЦІЙ ДЛЯ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Гвоздь М.Я. , Олинець А.-М.Я. , Остащук Р.М.
Published: November 2024

У сучасних умовах цифрової економіки підприємства зустрічаються з дедалі більшими викликами, які потребують нових підходів до управління, спрямованих на швидку адаптацію та впровадження інновацій. Враховуючи динамічний розвиток технологій та швидкі зміни в ринковому середовищі, підприємствам необхідно шукати синергію між управлінськими процесами та інноваціями. Дана стаття досліджує значення такого поєднання для забезпечення стійкості бізнесу та досягнення конкурентної переваги. Основний акцент зроблено на тому, як інтеграція інноваційних рішень у стратегічне управління сприяє створенню адаптивних і масштабованих бізнес-моделей, що відповідають вимогам цифрової ери. Стратегічне управління, яке включає інноваційний підхід, дозволяє компаніям швидше адаптуватися до нових технологічних трендів і змін у поведінці споживачів. У роботі розглядається вплив цифрових технологій, таких як штучний інтелект, Інтернет речей та блокчейн, на бізнес-процеси та стратегії підприємств. Проаналізовано, як великі компанії, такі як Amazon і Alibaba, використовують синергетичний ефект між інноваціями та стратегічним управлінням для посилення своєї конкурентної позиції. На основі кейсів та аналізу літератури продемонстровано, що інтеграція інновацій до стратегічного управління може скоротити час на розробку продуктів, підвищити ефективність операцій та забезпечити більш гнучке реагування на ринкові зміни. Таким чином, стаття підкреслює важливість синергії між стратегічним управлінням та інноваціями як засобу для забезпечення сталого розвитку підприємства в умовах цифрової економіки. Цей підхід є необхідним інструментом для побудови стійкої та адаптивної бізнес-моделі, що відповідає викликам сучасного світу.
“Mirrors Reflecting Truth”- Concept of Truth and Reliability in the Malay Muslim Manuscripts from the 13th to 19th centuries
Authors: Denisova Tatyana
Published: November 2024

One of the most important genres of Malay Muslim writings is the writing of history. Among its main characteristics are: it is scientific (based on proper data and methodology of research); it is humanistic (the main subjects are human and human society); it is rational (based on logic and proper systems of reasoning); it is reflective and didactic (contains elements of didactic, moral guidance and instructions). The textual analysis shows that Malays indeed have their own distinctive concept of history, which is based on the Islamic tradition and contains various philosophical elements such as the concept of God and tauhid, the concept of man and the universe, concepts of time, space and motion, concepts of adab and education, etc. This concept also defines the basic parameters of the periodization of history, the main criteria used for the data selection, the common methods for the assessment of the reliability of the sources and references, as well as the didactic elements of the text. The analysis of Malay historical texts helps to identify the criteria of reliability, which the author uses to verify the information and to convince the reader of the veracity of the reports included therein. Among them: (1) Definitions and terms of historical source research. (2) Criticisms regarding historical sources mentioned in the text. (3) The author’s guidance on the aims and methods of historical writing etc. Several textual elements are utilized (a) as a sign of truthfulness (of the information given in the text), and (b) to strengthen (the text’s) own scholarly standing (in the eyes of its readers). This is achieved by the author’s deliberate inclusion of certain information from older texts, using them as a source of history, and then utilizing terms and descriptions that show his own opinions on its veracity. These special elements demonstrate the characteristics of objectivity, intellectuality, and historical integrity of Malay Muslim chronicles, and from the viewpoint of the masses, these are signs and proofs of truth.
The CONCEPT OF THE "CALIPH" IN SUNNI AND SHI’A WRITINGS
Authors: Karosanidze Tinatin , Narimanishvili George
Published: November 2024

The Concept of a Caliph is of great importance in the history of Islam. The formation of the Islamic State, founded after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, was based on the institution of the Caliph. The caliph became the deputy of the apostle, who governed the state according to divine laws. The concept of caliph caused and causes a great controversy between Muslim and non-Muslim theologians and scholars. Due to the religious division in the history of Islam, two main approaches were formed: Sunni and Shiite. The study discussed the term "Caliph" and its historical development, the history of the formation of the institution of the caliph, the analysis of the historical development of its role and functions, and the Sunni and Shiite concepts that have been formed in Islamic political thought over the centuries. The article analyses the Sunni and Shiite concept of the Caliph. The Shiite concepts are mainly based on the Shiite sect of Ismailites doctrine. Ismailites, like all Muslims, recognize the Qur'an and the Hadith as the primary source of their legislation. They, like other Shiite sects, are distinguished from Sunnis by the doctrine of Imam. So, according to the Ismailite sect, the Imam is the supreme authority who interprets God's laws. The Sunni version of the concept of Caliph in the article is based on the Sunni thinkers and commentators of the Qur'an. According to Al-Mawdudi, the Pakistani Muslim thinker, the caliph is responsible for fulfilling God’s willing on the earth. The caliph obeys the God and follows his rules.
Tbilisi in the Memories of the Early Twentieth-Century Persian Artist
Authors: Beradze Grigol , Alexidze Marina
Published: November 2024

In the last decades of the nineteenth century, for Iranian artists, especially from Tabriz (Azerbaijan, Iran), Tbilisi was the closest city where they could get acquainted and master the methods and techniques of European academic painting. At that time, a number of artistic societies and private or public art schools operated in Tbilisi. Around 1900, three members of the Arjangi family from Tabriz, who are considered outstanding representatives of modern Iranian painting, received an artistic education in Tbilisi: Seyd Ebrahim Aqa Mir and his sons, Seyd Hosayn Mir Mosavar Arjangi and Seyd Abbas Rasam Arjangi. A number of their works, which were revealed and inventoried by Grigol Beradze, have been preserved in the Oriental Collection of the National Museum of Georgia. Seyd Abbas Rasam Arjangi (1892-1975) arrived in Tbilisi in 1911 and spent four years here. He graduated from the School of Painting and Sculpture. In addition to works of art, Seyd Abbas Rasam left a three-volume collection of poems, as well as an autobiographical Diary of Memories, in which a large section is dedicated to the four years he spent in Tbilisi. In the part of the book about Abbas Rasam’s time in Tbilisi, attention is focused on two main aspects: 1. Study and professional development at the art school and 2. The hard life of the Iranians who were permanently or temporarily staying in Tbilisi during that period, and the socio-political activities of their revolutionary part.
Diplomatic Relations between Safavid Iran and Muscovite State and Georgia at the End of the 16th C. and Beginning of the 17th C.
Authors: Demetrashvili Kakhaber
Published: November 2024

The main purpose of this work is to present the diplomatic relations between Safavid Iran (Persia) and the Muscovite State (Russia) in the mentioned period in the foreground and evaluate the importance of the place of Georgia in the background of these relations. For many decades, the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran tried to dominate the Caucasus. This area often became the epicenter of their battles. In the 16th century, their confrontation was going on with alternating advantages. From the 16th century, the powerful Muscovite State emerged with a similar interest, and the issue of access to the Caspian Sea was raised before the foreign policy of its increasingly centralized government with a particular acuteness. In the paper, we have discussed the sources and scientific literature in different languages, and as a result of comparing them, we have drawn our own opinions and conclusions.
The Situation of Women in Iraq during the Mamluk Rule
Authors: Topuridze Irakli
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the situation of women in Iraq during the Mamluk rule (1749-1831) and their role in Pashaliq’s life both in the economic and cultural-educational spheres. Certainly, the social life of Iraqi women differed depending on where they lived - in cities, in rural areas, or in deserts, and to what social level they belonged. In rural areas, women, along with men, were actively involved in all kinds of agricultural activities. These were mainly wheat harvesting and cleaning, production of dairy products, care of domestic animals, harvesting and processing of agricultural crops, such as grinding wheat, and maintenance and operation of water mills. In rural areas, women were also actively involved in animal husbandry, taking care of cattle and poultry. At the same time, they performed quite heavy and labor-intensive work, which was expressed by drawing water from wells and rivers and using it for amelioration purposes. Such hard work often evoked compassion and sometimes outcry of foreign travelers towards the plight of rural women in Iraq.
‘Gray Zone’ Strategy as a Theory of Success for Revisionist Powers: Cases of Russia and Iran
Authors: Mgaloblishvili Grigol
Published: November 2024

The Russian and Iranian approach to warfare has gained significant traction as both revisionist actors have managed to play a ‘weaker hand’ effectively against their stronger rivals. Over the years, Moscow and Tehran have encapsulated a theory of success that entails creating asymmetric advantages and developing a competitive edge over their rivals. Their strategic approach is based on the assumption that undermining opponents with conventional forces is not an option and that strategic success requires the development of asymmetric capabilities. These revisionist actors have become increasingly proficient in carefully calibrating their long-term competition with militarily and economically stronger adversaries. This well-refined modus operandi is labeled as a hybrid warfare or a ‘gray zone’ strategy. These two concepts, although often used synonymously, noticeably differ from one to another. Russia’s decision to expand its influence and challenge the international order by the unconcealed use of military power starkly differs from Iran’s gradualist approach that seeks to incrementally alter the regional security landscape. The immense political, economic, and military costs that Moscow has already incurred during the Ukraine conflict would further validate the value of Iran’s strategic culture. It will display the primacy of ‘gray zone’ tactics over the open resort to conventional military force. In other words, the failure of Russia’s conventional forces in Ukraine will reinforce the merits of ‘gray zone’ activities in a modern-day conflict rather than signal their potential demise. More importantly, it will caution other revisionist actors against open engagement in conventional military operations, hence encouraging them to employ ‘gray zone’ tactics in pursuit of their strategic interests. Moreover, in the era of strategic competition, ‘gray zone’ tactics will remain as a strong instrument for undermining adversaries without risking the outbreak of a full-scale conflict. In this period of enhanced rivalry among great powers, when costs of escalation may incur catastrophic consequences for all stakeholders, countries such as Russia and Iran would have a powerful incentive to exploit their competitive advantage designed to employ ‘gray zone’ tactics against militarily and economically stronger adversaries. To this end, the relevance of ‘gray zone’ activities, as the revisionist actors’ primary strategic tool and the basis of their theory of success is unlikely to recede in the foreseeable future.
Dispute Territories of Japan
Authors: Meskhishvili Jaba
Published: November 2024

Modern Japan has unresolved territorial disputes with neighboring countries, such as the People's Republic of China, South Korea (Republic of Korea), and the Russian Federation. Opposing parties are trying to protect their positions, both according to international legislation and historical facts. The purpose of this work is not to determine the truth of the positions of the disputing parties but to familiarize stakeholders with the historical past. Historical documents, as well as official reports and announcements, were used during the research.
The Impact of Sleep Onset and Efficiency on Body Mass Index among College Students: A Factor Analysis Approach
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Sciences, University of San Jose- Recoletos, Cebu City, Philippines, Quibranza Wyna Zia , Sevilla Joanah Rae ,   Department of Mathematics and Sciences, University of San Jose- Recoletos, Cebu City, Philippines, Mayorga Dax Cromwell ,   Department of Mathematics and Sciences, University of San Jose- Recoletos, Cebu City, Philippines, Genterolizo John Michael ,   Department of Mathematics and Sciences, University of San Jose- Recoletos, Cebu City, Philippines
Published: November 2024

Sleep is crucial for overall health and well-being, and college students often face sleep issues due to various factors. Inadequate sleep, which affects metabolism and behavior, increases the risk of obesity. Prior studies typically examine individual sleep factors or compare them, neglecting potential interactions and the multidimensional role of sleep in health outcomes. Hence, this study surveyed the seven sleep components using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to identify factors affecting sleep quality and evaluate its effect on the body mass index of GE-Science, Technology, and Society (GE-STS) students in a private university in Cebu. Three factors were determined through factor analysis: Sleep Health, Sleep Onset and Maintenance Efficiency, and Sleep Disruption Intervention. Moreover, regression analysis supported the significant relationship (p = 0.023) between the sleep onset and maintenance efficiency factor and Body Mass Index (BMI), emphasizing its importance in designing sleep interventions for college students.
Tracing the 'Missing Link' Postcolonial Reconfigurations and Diaporic Imaginations in Funso Aiyejina's Writings
Authors: Verissimo Jumoke
Published: November 2024

This essay traces the development and roles of postcolonial reconfigurations and diasporic imaginaries in Funso Aiyejina's works. At once historical, political, and poetic, yet personal and universal, Aiyejina's writing has remained committed over the years to drawing on self-reflexivity and African myths to address wider concerns of ethnicity, time, and geography. I argue that Aiyejina's image of home and dislocation articulates migrant aesthetics by evoking African epistemologies in such a way that his earlier and ongoing modes of marginality serve as an intellectual currency for connecting his earlier and current works. In this essay, my focus will be on Aiyejina's poetry books, A Letter to Lynda and Other Poems (1988), I, the Supreme and Other Poems (2006), and The Errors of the Rendering (2020), as well as his work of fiction, The Legend of the Rockhills and Other Stories (1999).
The Developmental Theory of Embodiment: Quantitative Measurement of Facilitative and Adverse Experiences in the Social Environment
Authors: Piran Niva , Counsell Alyssa , Teall Tanya , Komes Jessica , Evans Elizabeth H.
Published: November 2024

The present program of research involved developing and evaluating three fully structured measures of facilitative and adverse social experiences during adulthood described by the developmental theory of embodiment (DTE) as shaping the quality of the experiences of living in the body. The Physical Freedom Scale - adulthood (PFSa) addresses physical experiences, the Mental Freedom Scale – adulthood (MFSa) assesses exposure to social environments that either facilitate or constrict freedom from constraining social discourses, and the Social Power and Relational Connections Scale – adulthood (SPRCSa) covers experiences of accessing, or being barred from, social power and empowering relational connections. The pilot study ( N = 92) involved item revision and deletion. Study 1 (N = 412) involved factor analyses of the three scales, leading to the emergence of six, three, and four factors in the PFSa, MFSa, and SPRCSa, respectively. The study also provided initial support for the internal consistency of the scales and subscales, as well as their convergent validity. Study 2 (N = 373) confirmed the factor structure of the scales from study 2. Study 3 (N = 64) demonstrated that the scales and their factors were stable over a 3-week period. The scales can be used to study integrated sociocultural models of embodiment.
Analysis of Industrial Cluster Management Models in the Context of the Development of the IT Sector of Ukraine
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Guryanova Lidiya S. , Lypovetskyi Bohdan H. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: November 2024

The article examines the models of management of industrial clusters in view of the development of the IT sector in Ukraine. The efficiency of models in the context of stimulating innovation, increasing competitiveness and promoting economic growth is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of each model, also their impact on the development of IT infrastructure and attracting investment, are considered. On the basis of the carried out analysis, recommendations are formed for choosing a model of technology parks with elements of support for startups as the most suitable one for Ukrainian conditions. The implementation of this model will have a positive impact on the development of the IT sector in the country. First, it will contribute to the creation of a favorable environment for cooperation between universities, research institutions and private companies, which will ensure the exchange of knowledge and technology, and, in turn, will lead to the rapid implementation of innovations and increased competitiveness of Ukrainian companies in the international market. Second, supporting startups through accelerators and incubators will contribute to the development of new businesses and job creation. Young entrepreneurs will have the opportunity to implement their innovative ideas, while receiving the necessary financial and mentoring support. This will assist increasing both the level of employment and the development of human capital in Ukraine. Third, the development of technology parks will allow Ukraine to create a modern IT infrastructure, which will become the basis for the further development of high-tech industries. This contemporary IT infrastructure will be able to attract foreign investment and contribute to the country’s overall economic growth. Prospects for further research include the following key aspects: adaptation of successful international cluster management practices to Ukrainian realities, taking into account local economic, social and political conditions; expansion of the State support programs that will stimulate the development of technology parks and startups; development of cooperation between government, business and research institutions; development of human capital by increasing the level of education and training of highly qualified specialists in the field of IT. The implementation of the proposed model of industrial cluster management with an emphasis on supporting startups opens up wide opportunities for sustainable development of the IT sector in Ukraine.
Analyzing the Approaches to Assessment of Agricultural Risk Methods
Authors:   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Vasilieva Lesja M. , Durdenko Julіа M. ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to analyze the approaches to assessing methods of agricultural risk and determine the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scholars, the views of researchers on the definition of the concept of «risk of agrarian entrepreneurship» were considered. An analysis of approaches to the assessment of methods has been carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of their application for agricultural risk assessment have been identified. As a result of the study, the features of the manifestation of agricultural risk in the conditions of entrepreneurship are allocated, as well as the main groups of factors influencing the risks of agricultural entrepreneurship. It is determined that the methods of agricultural risk assessment are divided into two groups: direct assessment methods, which allow to make calculations on the basis of the analyzed information; indirect assessment methods that apply the quantitative implications of the use of other methods. Indirect methods are auxiliary, although they provide an opportunity to get a more complete picture of risks and further decision-making. It is substantiated that each of the approaches has its own advantages and limitations, and their choice depends on the specifics of the risks that need to be assessed, as well as on the available data and resources. It is determined that the most acceptable method for assessing agricultural risks is expert method in combination with ranking, the use of which makes it possible to outline problem points and «risk zones», also to obtain a quantitative indicator of risk in a particular area of activity or implementation of the general strategy of enterprise development. It is emphasized that the integration of several approaches allows to obtain a more complete picture of risks and develop effective strategies for their minimization.
System-Cluster Approach to Ensuring the Management of Energy Security of Enterprises in the Conditions of Entropy of the External Environment
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute ", Budanov Mykola P. ,   Ukrainian Engineering and Pedagogical Academy",   of V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University
Published: November 2024

The relevance of maintaining energy security at a high level is relevant both for the country as a whole at the macro level and for territorial entities of various types in the regions at the meso-level. Particularly acute are the problems associated with the disruption of previously established production relations, non-payments for the supplied energy resources, social and environmental tensions, etc. Under these conditions, great importance is attached to the issues of energy security of enterprises that determine energy security at the macro and meso levels of the economy. The complex structure of electric power systems (ЕPS) necessitates the development of adequate methods for determining their states, so that the measures formed taking into account the analysis carried out have the most optimal effect on changing the situation in a positive direction. The features of the system-cluster approach to ensuring the management of energy security of enterprises on the basis of the formation of energy clusters of the electric power system at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels of the economy are studied. The content of the concept of «energy cluster» is presented in the aspect of studying the problem of ensuring the management of energy security of enterprises of electric power systems at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels of the economy. The prerequisites for the formation of energy clusters are analyzed and the main theoretical approaches to cluster development, reflecting its multiaspectuality, are allocated. The system-cluster approach is considered as a set of measures capable of improving energy security by taking into account the territorial and sectoral relations of enterprises of the electric power system at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels of the economy. Various approaches to the application of system-cluster technologies to ensure the management of energy security of enterprises of electric power systems at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels of the economy are shown and a multi-level system-cluster approach is proposed. The theoretical and applied principles of constructing the configuration of management of the electric power system of the economy as a fractal-cluster object of energy security of enterprises in the conditions of entropy of the external environment on the basis of the system-cluster approach are formed. Scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of «system-cluster approach to ensure energy security management» are analyzed, as well as the author’s own interpretation of the concept of «energy cluster ensuring energy security management of enterprise» is provided.
Analyzing the Existing Approaches to Defining the Concept of «National Security» and Their Relevance to Modern Conditions
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute of Public Service and Management of the National University «Odesa Polytechnic», Krasnostanova Nataliia E. , Smolkin Myroslav O. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute of Public Service and Management of the National University «Odesa Polytechnic»
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the existing approaches to the definition of the concept of «national security» and their relevance to modern conditions. Taking into account thematic sources on this issue, the main elements of the national security structure are identified and highlighted. Based on the analysis of scientific works of Ukrainian scientists, various conceptions of national security are considered, including legislative, functional, institutional approaches, as well as orientation towards the interests of the individual, society and the State. Particular attention is paid to the international context and the role of the State in ensuring its integrity and independence in the face of global challenges. The following conclusions are drawn: a) there is no unambiguous and unified approach from the point of view of content – this concept is multifaceted and includes various aspects; b) these approaches do not form a theoretical and methodological basis for modern and complete national security, which would take into account global and regional challenges, such as full-scale military aggression, cyber threats, information warfare and economic sanctions; c) the definition of the concept of national security needs to be adapted to new realities. Prospects for further research are outlined, which consist in adapting the theoretical foundations of the definition of the concept of «national security» to such areas as: 1) Development of integrated models of national security. It is necessary to continue research on the creation of models that integrate various aspects of national security: cybersecurity, information security, economic resilience and social cohesion. 2) Adaptation to cyber threats. Further research should be aimed at studying effective strategies for protecting against cyber threats and integrating cybersecurity into the overall national security system. 3) International cooperation in the field of security. An important area of research is the analysis of international alliances and partnerships that can strengthen national security. This includes studying successful practices of other countries and adapting them to the conditions of Ukraine.
Foreign Economic Activity of Food Industry Enterprises of Prykarpattia in the Conditions of Wartime
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Gubernat Taras Ya.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the current state of foreign economic activity of Ukraine in general and Ivano-Frankivsk region in particular. The raw material orientation of Ukrainian exports has been researched and the vulnerability of the country’s competitive positions in foreign markets has been determined. An analysis of the foreign economic activity of the region of Prykarpattia by commodity, geographical structure and determination of the export potential of national food industry enterprises during the full-scale invasion of the aggressor is carried out. The growth (decrease) rates of exports and imports in 2022–2023 in Ivano-Frankivsk region are determined. The category of food and the main groups of food industry products that were exported and imported by the region are identified. The main approaches are formulated and priorities are identified to increase the resilience of the food industry in the face of the challenges and risks of war, as well as to stimulate their recovery and development. It is found that the key directions of ensuring the sustainability of the industry are: creation of an industrial policy that will contribute to the ability of industry to effectively meet the needs of both the frontline and the civilian population during the war; strengthening food security and increasing exports of agro-industrial products. Attention is focused on supporting the interests of national producers, increasing the export potential of the national product, eliminating the effect of import substitution. The necessity of development of full-cycle production and increase of industrial processing on the territory of Ukraine is substantiated; also there are resumption and increase of food production; attraction of foreign and domestic investors; strengthening the export potential of industry; strengthening the potential of the processing industry for the production of energy from alternative sources; conducting marketing researches; formation of a simplified system of customs and tariff regulation.