bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Treated with Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Combined with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Song Zeliang , Shi Xiaodong , Liu Rong , Cui Xiaodai , Hu Tao , Li Junhui , Li Juanjuan , Zhang Lei , Hu Mengze , Yue Mei , Zhong Dixiao , Tang Ruihong , Xuan Litian , Feng Shunqiao , Zhang Zhaoxia , Cui Di
Published: September 2021

Background: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are rare lysosomal storage disorders, characterized by progressive mental retardation and motor developmental regression, and myoclonic seizures. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been suggested to be used in the treatment of lysosomal disorders and brain damage caused by a deficiency of soluble lysosomal enzymes. However, there are no reports on treating NCLs with HSCT in China.Results: From January 2018 to May 2019, we performed haplo-HSCT followed by PT/Cy on 8 NCL pediatric patients. The median age was 4.5 years (range from 2.8 to 7 years). And the donors were their haploidentical HLA-matched parents, as no identically matched donor was found. The median nucleated cell count was 25.37 (10–34.41) ×108/kg and the median CD34+ count was 13.7(8.95–22)×106/kg. Neutrophil reconstitution occurred at 12 days (11–14 days) after transplantation, and median platelet reconstitution time was 12 days (9–14 days) after transplantation. All patients achieved full donor chimerism and did not develop Grade II–IV acute GvHD or chronic GvHD after transplantation. The median follow-up period was 2.2 (1.5–2.6) years. All patients are still alive at present, and develop no severe transplantation-related complications. The mental and motor disorders, myoclonic seizures, and vision loss of all patients continue to progress, but the progression slows down at 12 months after the transplantation. Conclusion: Observations reported in this study suggest it is safe and efficacy to treat NCLs with haplo-HSCT. Transplantation should be performed as early as possible for the survival quality of pediatric patients.
Up-Regulation of MTHFD2 is Associated With Clinicopathological Characteistics and Poor Survival in Ovarian Cancer, Possibly By Regulating MOB1A Signaling
Authors: Cui Xiangrong , Su Huancheng , Yang Jiaolin , Wu Xueqing , Huo Kai , Jing Xuan , Zhang Sanyuan
Published: September 2021

Background: MTHFD2 is a folate-coupled metabolic enzyme, which has been proved to participant in the metabolic reprogramming and tumor cell-sustaining proliferative capacity. However, the function of MTHFD2 in the development of ovarian cancer and its potential molecular mechanisms is still unclear. Materials and methods: The expression, various mutations, prognosis, and related network signaling pathways of MTHFD2 were analyzed using bioinformatics-related websites, including Oncomine, GEPIA, UCSC, cBioPortal, KM Plotter, TISIDB and TIMER. The prognostic value of MTHFD2 expression was validated by our own ovarian cancer samples using RT-qPCR. The migration ad invasion of ovarian cancer cells were further analyzed by CCK-8 and transwell assay. The Western-blot assay was performed to explore the protein levels of MTHFD2 and MOB1A. Results: We obtained the following important results. (1) MTHFD2 expression was markedly up-regulated in ovarian cancer than normal samples. (2) Among patients with ovarian cancer, those with higher MTHFD2 expression was associated with lower survival rate. (3) The major mutation type of MTHFD2 in ovarian cancer samples was missense mutation. (4) MTHFD2 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as the expression of MOB1A in vitro. Conclusion: MTHFD2, as a NAD+-dependent enzyme, accelerated tumor progression by up-regulating MBO1A, suggesting that this protein may be an independent prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target for future ovarian cancer treatments.
Interhospital Transmission of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Faecium in Aomori, Japan
Authors: Saito Norihiro , Kitazawa Junichi , Horiuchi Hiroko , Yamamoto Takeo , Kimura Masahiko , Inoue Fumio , Matsui Mika , Minakawa Satoko , Itoga Masamichi , Tsuchiya Junichiro , Suzuki Satowa , Hisatsune Junzo , Gu Yoshiaki , Sugai Motoyuki , Kayaba Hiroyuki
Published: September 2021

A series of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREf) outbreaks caused by clonal propagation due to inter-hospital transmission occurred in six general hospitals in Aomori prefecture, Japan. This was the first multi-jurisdictional outbreak of VREf sequence type 1421 in Japan. It took almost three years for VREf prevalence to return to pre-outbreak levels. The duration and size of outbreaks differed between hospitals according to the countermeasures available at each hospital. Prompt and strong countermeasures including patient isolation and repetitive screening of all inpatients were required to control the outbreaks. In addition to strict infection control measures, continuous monitoring of VREf prevalence in local medical regions and smooth and immediate communication among hospitals are required to prevent VREf outbreaks.
Impact of Digestion on Surface Microstructures of Microplastics
Authors: Chen Hui , Chen Fengyi , Liu Hongsheng , Zhu Zhiyi , Liu Zhejin , Chen Ling , Yu Long
Published: September 2021

Recently, there have been more reports and concerns about microplastics from various media and journals in the world. Except for land and water pollutions, much attention has been given to the impact of microplastics on animal and human health. However, previous studies have shown that digestion could not affect the particles of various microplastics due to their stable behavior. This work focuses on the impact of artificial digestion on the surface microstructures of microplastics from well recognized popular sources such as PP, PE, PET, PS and PVC. SEM and AFM were used to study the impact of artificial digestion on the surface morphologies of microplastics; while ATR-FTIR and XPS were used to investigate the impact of artificial digestion on the chemical properties of the surface of the microplastics. There were no physical differences observed by both SEM and AFM. There were no significant chemical differences detected by both FTIR and XPS after treatment. The slight differences of resolved C1s spectra for PS and PET samples detected by XPS should be further investigated. The study results show that the digestion system could not decompose the microplastics. Generally, plastic particles are widely considered to be inert due to their low chemical reactivity.
Decoupling of Carbon and Nitrogen Under Elevated CO2 in a Typical Alpine Ecosystem
Authors: Zhao Guang , Chen Yao , Zhang Yangjian , Zhu Juntao , Cong Nan , Wang Li , Zheng Zhoutao , Chen Ning
Published: September 2021

Aims: Vegetation in high-altitude regions is hypothesized to be more responsive to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations due to low CO2 partial pressure. However, this hypothesis and the underlying mechanisms driving this response at an ecosystem scale are poorly understood. We aimed to exploring the biomass allocation and plant carbon-nitrogen relationships in response to elevated CO2 in a Tibet meadow.Methods: Here, a 5-year manipulation experiment was conducted in an alpine meadow (4585 m above sea level) to explore the responses of plant carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and biomass dynamics, as well as their allocation schemes, to elevated CO2 and N fertilization.Results: Elevated CO2 alone significantly enhanced aboveground plant biomass by 98.03 %, exhibiting a stronger CO2 fertilization effect than the global average level (20 %) for grasslands. In contrast to the belowground parts, elevated CO2 caused disproportionally aboveground tissues increment in association with C and N accumulation. These results suggest a potential C limitation for plant growth in alpine ecosystems. N fertilization alleviates the N constraints on CO2 fertilization effects, which strengthened C sequestration capacity for the aboveground plant tissues. Moreover, our results indicate a decoupling between C and N cycles in alpine ecosystems in the face of elevated CO2, especially in the N-enrichment environments.Conclusions: Overall, this study shows a high sensitivity of aboveground plant biomass and decoupled C-N relationships under elevated CO2 for high-elevation alpine ecosystems, highlighting the need to incorporate altitude effects into Earth System Models in predicting C cycle feedback to climate changes.
Risk Factors for Polymyxin B-associated Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Severe Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Authors: Xu Ying , Liang Pei , Liu Ning , Dong Danjiang , Tang Jian , Liu Yang , Gu Qin
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe occurrence of polymyxin B-associated kidney injury (AKI) has been reported in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for polymyxin B-associated AKI and renal function recovery in patients with severe gram-negative bacterial infections.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of all severe gram-negative bacterial infection patients treated with polymyxin B admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Nanjing City, China, between December 2018 and May 2021. Based on the new onset of AKI within 1 week after polymyxin B treatment, patients were divided into two groups: the AKI group and the non-AKI group. Among the AKI group, the patients were divided into an AKI recovery group and a nonrecovery AKI group according to the recovery of renal function within one week of polymyxin B discontinuation. Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatments and outcomes in these patients were collected and analysed.ResultsA total of 188 cases were included. There were 87 cases in the AKI group (46.3%) and 101 cases in the non-AKI group (53.7%). Compared with the non-AKI group, the proportions of hypertension, shock and bacteremia were significantly higher in the AKI group (P < 0.05). In the AKI group, the platelet count was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the serum creatinine (Scr) of the AKI group was dramatically higher than that of the non-AKI group (P< 0.001). Compared with the non-AKI group, the loading dose and daily dose of polymyxin B in the AKI group were obviously higher (P< 0.05). The proportion of polymyxin + carbapenems in the AKI group was significantly elevated compared with that in the non-AKI group (P<0.05). The 28-d mortality in the AKI group was significantly higher than that in the non-AKI group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) history and baseline Scr ≥60 µmol/L before polymyxin B administration were independent risk factors for AKI (P<0.05). Fifty-nine patients met the criteria for AKI recovery analysis from the AKI group. There were 27 cases of unrecovered AKI (45.8%) and 32 cases of recovered AKI (54.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified male sex as an independent predictor for unrecovered AKI in patients with polymyxin B treatment.ConclusionsPolymyxin B-associated AKI occurs frequently in patients with severe gram-negative bacterial infection, and some patients cannot recover within one week after discontinuation of polymyxin B. Scr≥60 µmol/L before medication was found to be the only independent risk factor for polymyxin B-associated AKI, and it was more difficult for male patients to recover from AKI.
Organic Pollutants Photo-Degradation by Steady g-C3N4 Nanorods for Wastewater Treatment Applications
Authors: Malik Nafisa , Majid Abdul , Nabi Ghulam , Hanafiah Marlia M. , Alharbi Thamer , Al-Habardi Mansour , Raza Waseem , Ali Wajid
Published: September 2021

The photo-catalysis is a promising method for the degradation of harmful organic pollutants existing in the wastewater. In this research work, degradation of organic pollutants (dyes) have been done proficiently for the wastewater treatment applications. The synthesized steady graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanorods have been examined by various sophisticated characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, UV-Vis and PL. The hexagonal phase of g-C3N4 has been showed in XRD analysis. SEM shows that the morphology of g-C3N4 consists of aggregated nanorods. The EDS depicting only two peaks which are carbon and nitrogen and nitrogen without impurities. According to the study of UV-Visible and PL, 2.77 eV band gap has been observed showing consistency. The steady g-C3N4 nanorods have been used for the degradation of prominent organic dyes such as: methylene orange (MO), methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine-B (Rh-B) for treatment of wastewater which is a dire need. The effect of catalyst mass loading and time have been studied for this purpose. This research depicted that the anion (•O2−) and holes (h+) are attributed to the degradation of organic pollutants. whose Rh-B, MB and MO dyes. Research based a tentative photocatalytic mechanism has also been proposed for waste treatment purpose.
Growth indices, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Soil Enzyme Activity of wheat as Affected by Residual Effect of Phosphorus and Silicon
Authors: Jinger Dinesh , Dhar Shiva , Dass Anchal , Sharma VK , Shukla Livleen , Paramesh Venkatesh , Parihar Manoj , Joshi Neeshu , Joshi Ekta , Gupta Gaurendra , Singh Satyapriya
Published: September 2021

Silicon (Si) is known as a beneficial or quasi-essential element particularly for graminaceous crops, as Si increases dry matter accumulation and enhances resistance to lodging and drought. However, the combined application of phosphorus (P) and Si has a tremendous impact on the growth and yield of various crops. While the residual effect of Si and P application on growth, yield and soil biological activity in wheat were not ascertained. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the residual effect of Si and P on growth indices, yield, nutrient uptake, and soil enzyme activities of succeeding wheat crops. The four levels of Si (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg Si ha− 1) and P (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg P2O5 ha− 1) were applied to the preceding aerobic rice crop and their effect was evaluated in succeeding wheat crop. The results demonstrated a significant effect of Si and P on wheat growth, yield, nutrient uptake, and soil enzyme activities. The residual effect of 120 kg Si and 90 kg P2O5 ha− 1 significantly improved the grain yield of the succeeding wheat crop by 24–45%. Further, the residual Si and P remarkably improved Si, N, P, and K concentration in wheat grain by 35, 13.2, 45, and 56 %, respectively, over control. Similarly, an increase in the microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate, and alkaline phosphatase activity by 17.2, 33.5, 12.4, and 37.5%, respectively were observed in the residual application of 120 kg Si and 90 kg P2O5 ha− 1 over control. Therefore, the inclusion of Si and P could have great potential to improve soil enzyme activities and productivity of the wheat crop.
Convolutional Neural Network based Hurricane Damage Detection using Satellite Images
Authors: Kaur Swapandeep , Gupta Sheifali , Singh Swati , Koundal Deepika , Zaguia Atef
Published: September 2021

Huge swirling storms known as hurricanes are tropical storms appearing in the North Atlantic Ocean and Northeast Pacific that result in winds of 120 km/hour and higher. The winds occurring during hurricanes are catastrophic resulting in immense damage to human life and property. Rapid assessment of damage caused by hurricanes is extremely important for the first responders. But this process is usually slow, expensive, labor intensive and prone to errors. The advancements in remote sensing and computer vision help in observing Earth at a different scale. In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network model has been designed that assesses the damage caused to buildings of post hurricane satellite images. The images have been classified as Damaged and Undamaged. The model is composed of five convolutional layers, five pooling layers, one flattening layer, one dropout layer and two dense layers. Hurricane Harvey dataset consisting of 23000 images of size 128 X 128 pixels has been used in this paper. The proposed model performed best at learning rate of 0.00001 and 30 epochs with the Adam optimizer obtaining an accuracy of 0.95, precision of 0.97, recall of 0.96 and F1-score of 0.96. It also achieved the best accuracy and minimum loss.
Clinical and Epidemiological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection among pregnant and postpartum women in Mozambique: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Charles Charles M'poca , Osman Nafissa Bique , Arijama Domingos , Matingane Benjamim , Sitoé Tomás , Kenga Darlene , Lorenzoni Cesaltina , Luís Elvira , Pacagnella Rodolfo , Sacarlal Jahit
Published: September 2021

Background

Although there is a significant increase of evidence regarding the prevalence and impact of COVID-19 on maternal and perinatal outcomes, data on the effects of the pandemic on the obstetric population in sub-Saharan African countries are still scarce. Therefore, the study aims were to assess the prevalence and impact of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal outcomes in the obstetric population at Central Hospital of Maputo (HCM), Mozambique.
Methods

Prospective cohort study conducted at teaching and referral maternity, HCM, from 20 October 2020 to 22 July 2021. We collected maternal and perinatal outcomes up to six weeks postpartum of eligible women (pregnant and postpartum women - up to the 14th day postpartum) screened for COVID-19 (individual test for symptomatic participants and pool testing for asymptomatic). The primary outcome was maternal death, SARS and UCI admission. We estimated the COVID-19 prevalence and the unadjusted RR (95% CI) for maternal and perinatal outcomes. We used the chi-square or Fisher's exact test to compare qualitative variables (two-sided p-value < 0.05 for statistical significance).
Results

We included 239 participants. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 was 9.2% (22/239) and in the symptomatic group was 32.4 % (11/34). About 48% of the participants with COVID-19 were asymptomatic. Moreover, the most frequent symptoms were dyspnoea (33.3%), cough (28.6%), anosmia (23.8%), and fever (19%). Not having a partner, being pregnant, and consuming alcohol were vulnerability factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 among pregnant and postpartum women was associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal outcome, foetal death (RR = 4.0 [1.19–13.48]) and abortion/stillbirth 12.0 [7.7–18.7]). Conversely, we did not observe a significant difference in the primary outcomes between exposed and non-exposed groups.
Conclusion

The prevalence of COVID-19 in the obstetric population is higher than in the general population, and most pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19 infection are asymptomatic. Being pregnant, not having a partner and alcohol consumption were factors of greatest vulnerability to SARS-COV-2 infection. Data suggest that pregnant women with COVID-19 may have a higher risk of adverse gestational outcomes, reinforcing the need for universal testing and monitoring of this population group. However, more prospective and robust studies are needed to assess these outcomes.
Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Ascophyllum Nodosum Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Mishra Sunil Kumar , Sinha Saket , Singh Amit Kumar , Upadhyay Prabhat , Kalra Diya , Kumar Pradeep , Tiwari Kavindra Nath , Singh Rajan , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Arvind , Tripathi Alok
Published: September 2021

Emerging field of green nanotechnology has gained the attention of biologists due to the cost-effective and environment friendly advancements. The most preferred method being by biological means involving plants and their extracts, in the present investigation silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesised by sunlight-driven method, coated with aqueous extract (AE) of whole plant powder of Ascophyllum nodosum. High-resolution Scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), High-resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and particle size analysis were used to determine the nature of nanoparticles. The techniques confirmed the formation of spherical and particles of desired range of size. AgNPs exhibited a much greater DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenging activity which was almost six to seven folds more than that exhibited by the AE alone. Anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activity was evaluated on Leishmania donovani promastigote and amastigote. This raises the possibility of utilization of green synthesised AgNPs in leishmaniasis treatment.
Materialästhetische Bilderbuchanalyse
Authors: Messerli Simon
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
Bilderbücher verfügen über einen Körper im Raum. Sie haben ein bestimmtes Format und Gewicht, bestehen aus Papier, einem Rücken, Vorsatzblättern und Knickkanten. Wie Druckmedien generell sind sie jeweils auf eine bestimmte Art gemacht und konstituieren sich durch eine Form, Gestalt und Oberfläche. BüchermacherInnen weisen in ästhetischen Reflexionen auf die verwandte Struktur der Architektur mit ihrem Metier und Medium hin.
Material-aesthetic Picturebook AnalysisGetting the Material Dimension into PerspectivePicturebook research has always required an interdisciplinary approach. What picture-books actually are is open, but what they represent and what they can perform comes not only from their immaterial but also from their material framings. Material plays different narrative roles in the production and reception. Referring to positions of the ›material turn,‹ this article shows how picturebooks, on various levels, urge readers to pay attention to their materiality and sensuality. This is done by discussing the concept of materiality and looking at the work of the artist Jörg Müller and the writer Jörg Steiner, who have co-created seven picturebooks published between 1976 and 1998. Based on selected examples from their work, it is shown that the interaction of phenomenological aspects of the book and the text-image narrative is multifaceted. This article implements the concepts of ›materiality,‹ ›sensuousness‹ and ›presence‹ in the analysis of picturebooks.
Vom prophetischen Traum zum krankheitsbedingten Delirium
Authors: Schäfer Iris
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
Die Phänomene des Traums und Träumens als allnächtliche Konfrontation mit dem Fremden und Anderen des wachen (Er-)Lebens (vgl. Engel 2003, S. 153) wie auch der wachen Persönlichkeit üben eine nachhaltige Faszination aus, die maßgeblich auf ihre ambivalente Charakteristik zurückzuführen ist. Der/die Träumende befindet sich in einem Stadium jenseits der Realität, in einem Dazwischen von Leben und Tod, und ist »mit einer Erlebenswelt und einer Erlebensweise konfrontiert, die [Manfred Engel zufolge] auf ebenso evidente wie rätselhafte Weise anders sind als die des wachen Lebens« (ebd.).
 
From Predictive Dreaming to Pathological DeliriumNew Interpretations of Seldom-Addressed Types of Dreams in Children’s and Young Adult Literature
All major categories of dreams identified in psychoanalysis occur as literary dreams in children’s and young adult literature. However, there are some categories, such as predictive dreams and pathological delirium, which have rarely been addressed in the academic discussion. Using a transdisciplinary approach, this article analyses the characteristics and functions of both types of literary dreams in texts for young readers, in each case looking at a historical and a contemporary text in order to be able to trace its specific development. The article begins with an introduction of the characteristics and historical sources of literary dreams of both types. Then, with passing references to other texts that influenced the tradition of each type of literary dream, an analysis of Lou Andreas-Salomé’s novella Wolga (1902) and Siobhan Dowd/Patrick Ness’s young adult novel A Monster Calls (2011) addresses the predictive dream, while an analysis of E.T.A. Hoffmann’s literary fairy tale Nußknacker und Mausekönig (1816) and Libba Bray’s young adult novel Going Bovine (2009) addresses pathological delirium. The conclusion draws attention to the fundamental similarities between these two types of literary dreams and their functions.
»Lass dich nicht von Morpheus verführen …«
Authors: Zinn Laura
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
In der Antike und den überlieferten antiken Mythen spielen Visionen bzw. Prophezeiungen und Träume – wie sich beispielsweise am Status des Orakels von Delphi als Omphalos (Giebel 2001, S. 7 f.) oder am vom römischen Philosophen Lukrez beschriebenen Beruf des Traumdeuters (Naf 2004, S. 90 f.) erkennen lasst – eine wichtige Rolle und nehmen ebenfalls politischen Einfluss (Trampedach 2015). Es ist daher nicht verwunderlich, dass auch gegenwärtige Mythenadaptionen, allen voran Rick Riordans Percy Jackson-Reihe bzw. mittlerweile korrekter: Reihen, in denen Percy Jackson mitunter als Crossover-Figur auftritt, auf Orakel, Prophezeiungen, Visionen und Träume vermehrt zurückgreifen.
 
»Don’t Let Morpheus Seduce You ...«Dreams, Oracles and Visions in Contemporary Retellings of Myths
Oracles and dreams, which had a prominent position in antiquity, appear in the wake of the success of Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson series as frequent motifs in retellings of myths in contemporary young adult fantasy. This article examines three examples: Josephine Angelini’s Starcrossed trilogy (2011 – 2013), the first volume of Richard Normandon’s eponymous series La conspiration des dieux (2009) and Daniela Ohms’s two-volume Insel der Nyx (2013 – 2014). In these novels, the motifs serve to mirror typical topics of adolescence. Through their prophecies, the oracles circumscribe possible alter-native futures, and the protagonists react by either not complying or trying to prevent fulfilment. To regain self-determination, most of the young protagonists, and at least at one point in the narration, rebel against the predictions. Dreams (including daydreams), on the other hand, allow them to explore different concepts of identities. Oracles and dreams therefore become symbols for the changes that occur during adolescence. In this way, the ancient myths are reduced to a backdrop, making these novels similar to other novels in the genre, which might account (to a certain degree at least) for the current popularity of retellings of ancient myths in young adult novels.
Estimating kaolinite crystallinity using near-infrared spectroscopy: Implications for its geology on Earth and Mars
Authors: Pineau Maxime , Mathian Maximilien , Baron Fabien , Rondeau Benjamin , Le Deit Laetitia , Allard Thierry , Mangold Nicolas
Published: September 2021

Kaolinite is an Al-rich phyllosilicate commonly observed on Earth as a product of the chemical weathering of aluminosilicates. It has also been detected on the martian surface by orbital remote sensing observations. While the determination of the geological processes of formation of terrestrial kaolinite (i.e., hydrothermal activity, continental surface weathering, diagenesis) involves the coupling of field observation and multiple laboratory measurements, only geomorphology and associated minerals are generally available to determine their geological origin on Mars. Kaolinite crystallinity depends on many physicochemical parameters reflecting its conditions of crystallization. To determine if the near-infrared (NIR) spectral signature of kaolinite enables estimation of its crystallinity and furthermore if this method can be used to identify the geological processes involved in kaolinite formation, we carried out an in-depth analysis of NIR spectra of reference terrestrial kaolinites that formed in various geological contexts. We calculated second and third derivatives for each spectrum to highlight subtle variations in the spectral properties of kaolinite. This allowed the identification of 27 spectral contributions for the 4500 and 7000 cm−1 Al-OH-related regions of absorption bands. The position shifts and shape variations of these spectral contributions were intimately linked to variations of crystallinity, which was qualitatively estimated using Hinckley and Liétard XRD (dis)order indices. The results obtained show that the NIR signature of kaolinite is influenced by the stacking disorder of layers that has some influence on the vibrations of the interfoliar and inner Al-OH groups. Our study also confirms that: (1) well-ordered kaolinites are not restricted to hydrothermal deposits; (2) kaolinites from a similar sedimentary or pedogenetic context often display contrasting degrees of crystalline order; and (3) poorly ordered kaolinites are more likely to have a sedimentary or pedogenetic origin. Finally, this work highlights that obtaining spectra with sufficient spectral resolution could help to estimate the crystallinity of kaolinite and, in the best cases, its geological origin, both on Earth and Mars, especially with in situ NIR measurements.
Pyrite geochemistry and its implications on Au-Cu skarn metallogeny: An example from the Jiguanzui deposit, Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Huayong , Cheng Jiamin , Tian Jing , Zhang Lejun , Olin Paul
Published: September 2021

Trace element geochemistry of pyrite is widely used to monitor ore-forming processes of various types of deposits, but its application to skarn mineral systems is not well constrained due to the multi-stage nature and complex associated mineral assemblages for skarn-type pyrite. The Jiguanzui skarn Au-Cu deposit in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Valley Metallogenic Belt (Eastern China) is characterized by abundant pyrite that formed in the main-ore (Py1), late-ore (Py2), and post-ore (Py3) stages, which makes it ideal for unraveling skarn ore-fluid evolution. Specifically, Py1 is composed of quartz–pyrite (Py1a), quartz–calcite–pyrite (Py1b), quartz–sericite–pyrite (Py1c), quartz–chlorite±epidote–pyrite (Py1d), and quartz–K-feldspar–pyrite (Py1e), among which Py1a is the most widespread. Py2 comprises calcite–pyrite (Py2a) and calcite–K-feldspar–pyrite (Py2b), and Py3 comprise bird’s-eye pyrite (Py3a) and fingerprint-like pyrite (Py3b).

The varying Co/Ni ratios (mostly >2) and coexistence with hydrothermal minerals (quartz, calcite, K-feldspar, chlorite, and epidote) reveal the hydrothermal origin of Py1 and Py2. The Co/Ni (0.97–7.30), Cu/Ni (8.94–186), and As/Ni (0.80–11.7) ratios, and the high trace-element contents indicate that Py3a may have been genetically linked to the waning magmatic-hydrothermal system and increasing meteoric fluid influx. Py1 generally has higher Co-Ni-Se but lower Zn-As-Mo contents than Py2. Py1 in the orebodies also has higher Cu-Au contents than Py2, consistent with the formation of Py1 during the main Au-Cu ore stage. During the ore-fluid evolution, meteoric water input and abundant galena formation in the late-ore calcite-sulfide stage may have controlled the decreasing Se-Co-Ni contents from Py1 to Py2, while the fluid cooling and pH rise (caused by acidic fluid-carbonate rock reactions) may have increased the As-Zn-Mo contents from Py1 to Py2.

Py1a in the orebodies has higher As-Ag-Te, but lower Co-Ni-Se contents than Py1a in the wallrocks. The decompression and phase separation (fluid boiling) by extensive hydraulic fracturing may have caused the higher temperature, pH, and fO2 for the Py1a-forming fluids in the orebodies (than those in the wallrocks). Such fluid physicochemical differences may have been the main controlling factor on trace element spatial variations of Py1a. More importantly, the spatial variation of these trace elements in Py1a provides insights for using pyrite trace element geochemistry in skarn mineral exploration.
Communication Gaps Between the Government, Society and Media in Demographic Development of Russia (conference review)
Authors: Sharkov F. I. , Ponedelkov A. V. , Kudryashov K. V.
Published: September 2021

Information opponency to Russia’s demographic challenges have gradually shifted to social networks, where many interesting discussions on demographic development of Russia are taking place. Authoritative experts of the state and society hardly participate in these discussions. As a result, a constructive dialogue between representatives of the state, society and the media on the issues of countering demographic challenges has not yet been established, which not only does not reduce the threat of population depopulation itself, but can also significantly exacerbate many of the social conflicts currently existing in Russia. When trying to establish a dialogue between the authorities, society and the media, the technologies of unilateral influence of the authorities on society in order to promote the interests of the authorities usually dominate, which happens without even analyzing and taking into account social opinion. On the one hand, the power of the state in Russia has always sought to subjugate society, and on the other hand, absenteeism and other forms of political passivity, numerous social conflicts and high radicalism among a part of the population of Russia make it impossible to fully harmonize relations between power, society and the media. Therefore, these forces the authorities should take the initiative into their own hands and try to dictate their will to both society and the media. Information policy is sometimes perceived by the authorities only as a means for realizing their own interests and trying to form a favorable impression of their activities among the population of the country. Today’s public information policy does not meet the level of demographic security challenges to the state.Reviewing the materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation “Demographic development of Russia: problems and solutions” of April 26, 2021 on the basis of the South Russian Institute of Management – branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), the authors identify outline the key issues and and provide recommendations for improvement.
Political Communications in Network Electoral Clusters: cyber technologies in the formation of a network party brand
Authors: Osipov A. V.
Published: September 2021

The article represents the results of the analysis of network electoral clusters as a phenomenon of cyber parties and political technologies in the electronic media environment in the context of the problem of consolidating political power. Pointing to the modern specifics of the electoral processes and institutions of modern Russia, the author justifies the movement of protest activity and manipulation by the electorate into the electronic space. Based on the review of the relevant publications, the author concludes that the analysis of network electoral clusters, as well as technologies for political mobilization on the Internet, represents an important source and a problematic field for political scientists working on the problem of consolidating political power. For a democratic solution to the problem, it is necessary to timely identify and take into account protest activity in the electronic media environment, monitor and prevent the spread of potentially dangerous content using the technical and communicative resources of social networks. At the same time, the solution of the problem is not limited to countermeasures in the Internet space, the introduction of censorship, etc. It lies in the plane of improving the interaction of society and power, the electoral legislation, the party system and the personal political competence of citizens, their ability to assess the reliability of information, determine their political preferences, focusing not only on the political image of parties (party brand), but also the real content of their activities and programs.
Interrelation of Communication Subjects: the degree of trust to the source of information
Authors: Simonov P. Yu.
Published: September 2021

The paper is devoted to the issues of interrelations between subjects of communication. The aim of the study is to analyze the role of trust in the source of information as a factor in effective communication. The objectives of the research are to differentiate the environmental and subjective approaches to the study of communication, to identify models of the communicative act at the present stage, to determine the principles of the relationship between the subjects of communication, to describe the factors that affect the degree of trust in the source of information, to develop criteria for studying the subject and his behavior in the communication process at the present stage. The research methodology includes a descriptive and survey method in the study of the theory of the issue, analysis and comparison of concepts from the point of view of philosophy, sociology, communication, psychology. The author examines the criteria for determining the “subject”, “subjectivity”, the psychological phenomenon of “trust” in the process of implementing media communication. The article describes various aspects of communicative relations related to the degree of subjects’ trust in the source of information and gives practical examples of the behavior of subjects of communication.
CNN Based Approach for Traffic Sign Recognition System
Authors: Singh Karan , Malik Nikita
Published: September 2021

Machine Learning (ML) involves making a machine able to learn and take decisions on real-life problems by working with an efficient set of algorithms. The generated ML models find application in different areas of research and management. One such field, automotive technology, employs ML enabled commercialized advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) which include traffic sign recognition as a part. With the increasing demand for the intelligence of vehicles, and the advent of self-driving cars, it is extremely necessary to detect and recognize traffic signs automatically through computer technology. For this, neural networks can be applied for analyzing images of traffic signs for cognitive decision making by autonomous vehicles. Neural networks are the computing systems which act as a means of performing ML. In this work, a convolutional neural network (CNN) based ML model is built for recognition of traffic signs accurately for decision making, when installed in driverless vehicles.
EFFECTIVENESS OF NATUROPATHY AND YOGA PRACTICES ON SELECTED PSYCHOLOGICAL VARIABLE SELF CONFIDENCE AMONG PSORIASIS PATIENTS
Authors:   Yoga Instructor, Centre for Yoga Studies, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India., Rukmani D. , Maheswari D. Uma ,   Guest Lecturer, Tamilnadu Physical Education and Sports University, Chennai.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to find out effectiveness of naturopathy and yoga practices on selected psychological variable self confidence among psoriasis patients. The study was conducted on 20 psoriasis patients. Totally two groups-experimental (Naturopathy and yoga treatment) and control group no treatment given each 10 subjects. The self confidence was measured before and after the experimentation using the standardized test to measure the self confidence analyzed by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and it was concluded that the naturopathy, yogasanas treatments had significant (P < 0.05) effect on the self confidence.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF COPPER AND ALUMINUM TO PROCESSING IN WIRE DRAWING PROCESS
Authors:   Associate Profesor, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland., Smyrak B. , Leszczynska Madej B. ,   Associate Profesor, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland., Jalowy P. ,   PhD Student, AGH Universisty of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland., Nowak M. ,   PhD, Aptiv, Krakow, Poland., Kozak P. ,   PhD, Aptiv, Krakow, Poland.
Published: September 2021

Modern technological solutions in electrical applications require, above all, high energy efficiency. This means that in such applications, materials with the highest possible electrical conductivity should be used for conductive elements. Of all metals, copper is the natural choice. Copper cables or wires used in electrical networks and installations provide better electrical and thermal conductivity and guarantee reliability - which translates into the quality of electricity. And bad quality of energy means tangible financial losses. On the other hand, apart from physical properties, an important factor is the price of cables and wires, which is partially dependent on the price of copper on the stock exchange. The last 20 years have seen a high increase in copper prices on the markets and at the same time the price is unstable. Therefore, cheaper substitutes for copper are being sought. The natural choice is aluminum, which is currently widely used in overhead power lines. At the same time, in the case of long cables, copper products still dominate. The paper presents a synthetic comparative analysis of technological processing problems in industrial drawing processes of aluminum and copper wires used in electrical applications.. In particular, comparative analysis applied the susceptibility into formability in the wire drawing process and susceptibility to recrystallization annealing of copper and aluminum wires. The drawing process and the annealing process are simple processes for the production of wires used for electrical purposes.
INFLUENCE OF ASH ON THE MORTALITY OF ADULTS OF BRUCHIDIUS ATROLINEATUS PIC. (COLEOPTERA-BRUCHINAE), IMPORTANT PEST OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA WALP.) IN SAHELIAN ZONE
Authors:   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Tahoua., D.A. Moumouni , H.M. Maman ,   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Tahoua.
Published: September 2021

Bruchidius atrolineatus (pic) (Ba) is one of the most dangerous pests seeds of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). The infestation begins in the fields of crops and continues in stocks where damage can be considerable in the absence of any protective measure. The importance of these damage justifies the development of appropriate, less expensive and easily applicable peasant struggles. A recommended ash test for the traditional cowpea storage was evaluated on the mortality of Bruchidius atrolineatus (PIC) in the laboratory. During this study, several experiments relating to the influence of Ash on adults of B. atrolineatus were carried out. A negative witness has been made for each case. The treatments have been made according to gender and adults. Ash is a substance that seems to be very effective with respect to B. atrolineatus because has significantly reduced its population. Treatment due to the effect of ash has recorded a mortality rate of 85% on the first day. Then treatments with variations due to the increase in the amount of ash, insects and seeds have induced a respective mortality rate of 31.5%, 43.5%, 93.75% and 100% 62.5%, 33.16%, 30%, 24% and 17.04% and 62.5%, 43.75%, 52.5% and 50% on the 1st after treatment. It is apparent from our study that the female seems to be more resistant than males in almost all treatments. This study showed that the ash could constitute an alternative to the use of chemical insecticides in the conservation of cowpea seeds in the Sahelian zone.
ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMMED REGARDING COLLECTION OF CORD BLOOD FOR STEM CELL THERAPY AT BRAM HOSPITAL OF RAIPUR
Authors:   Associate Professor (Obstetrical And Gynecological Nursing) Govt. College of Nursing Raipur, Chhattisgarh., Goarya Tripti , Janghel Chandrakala ,   Associate Professor (Obstetrical And Gynecological Nursing) Govt. College of Nursing Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
Published: September 2021

The stem cells, derived from the cord blood are hematopoietic stem cells. These have immense potential in curing blood related disorders like blood cancers, thalassemia etc. These can be useful in treating tissue related disorders of heart, bone, spinal cord etc. Stem cells are characterized by the ability to renew through mitotic cell division and differentiate into a diverse range of specialized cell types. Stem Cells are the basic building blocks of the body and have the potential to replenish other cells and give rise to number of tissues which constitute different organs. To conduct the study, 60 antenatal mothers are selected the age range of subjects was 21 to 40 years. The need for the study arises after knowing those antenatal mothers were unaware and having inadequate knowledge regarding cord blood collection for stem cell therapy. The above facts created an interest to conduct a structured teaching programme to assess its effectiveness on knowledge and attitude of antenatal mother on cord blood collection for stem cell therapy. The pretest, the mean score of knowledge is 13.2 mean % is 50.7, & attitude is 31.58, mean % 63.16, the post test the mean score of knowledge is 18.1, mean % is 69.65. Attitude 38.05, mean % 76.1.
The effect of revenue diversification on the firm value and stability of banks: A comparative study of Nigerian and Malaysian banks
Authors: Olalere Oluwaseyi , Aminul Islam Md. , Marniati  , Rahmi Nurulul
Published: September 2021

This study contributes to the current debate on the downsides and benefits of revenue diversification. Diversification may affect banks when they invest in riskier activities with lower returns, while they benefit from diversified activities that are less risky but have higher returns. The study offers extended implications in the empirical literature using a different measure of revenue diversification from an emerging market perspective. The study uses recent financial data from 26 Malaysian and Nigerian banks for the period 2009–2017, totaling 234 observations. The GMM estimation technique is employed to test the relationship. The results show that revenue diversification – non-interest income/gross revenue ratio (NII), fee and commission income/revenue ratio (NII1), and non-interest income/total assets ratio (NIITA) – significantly affect the firm value and stability of Nigerian banks. Liquidity, administrative expenses, net interest margin (NIM), non-performing loans (NPL), size, GDP growth rate and inflation also affect the firm value and stability of a bank. For Malaysian banks, diversification variables do not significantly affect firm value of a bank, while liquidity, administrative expenses, NIM and size significantly affect firm value. Diversification (NII and NIITA), liquidity, administrative expenses, NIM, NPL, size, GDP growth and inflation rate has a significant impact on the stability of Malaysian banks. The study concludes that revenue diversification affects both the firm value and stability of banks, and to achieve sound financial stability, banks that focus on interest-generating activities may diversify into non-interest-generating activities.
RUS VİYOLA OKULUNUN KURULUŞU VE GELİŞİMİ: VADİM BORİSOVSKİ
Authors: ÜNALDI Elena
Published: September 2021

20. yüzyılda solo viyola yorumculuğu hızla gelişmeye başlamış, Alman viyolacı Paul Hindemith, İskoç viyolacı William Primrose, İngiliz viyolacı Lionel Tertis ve Rus viyolacı Vadim Borisovski sayesinde yeni bir seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Moskova Çaykovski Devlet Konservatuvarında profesör olan Vadim Borisovski, öğretmenlikle beraber hayatı boyunca solist ve Beethoven Yaylı Dörtlüsü’nün viyola sanatçısı olarak konserler vermiştir. Pedagog olarak kendine ait çalışma yöntemlerini, disiplinini ve sahne tecrübesini öğrencilerine aktaran Borisovski, 47 yıl öğretmenlik yapmış ve çok sayıda profesyonel viyola sanatçısı yetiştirerek Rus Viyola Okulunu dünya standartlarına ulaştırmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Rus Viyola Okulunun kurulması ve gelişmesi ile çalışma yöntemleri ve önde gelen Rus viyola sanatçılarının önemini anlatmaktır.