bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota biodiversity indices as markers of hyperandrogenemia in women of reproductive age
Authors: Igumnov I. A. , Belkova N. L. , Atalyan A. V. , Klimenko E. S. , Sholokhov L. F. , Belenkaia L. V. , Samarina Ya. M. , Danusevich I. N. , Lazareva L. M. , Nadeliaeva Ia. G. , Suturina L. V.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Previously, it was shown that the “classic” phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are associated with significant decrease in gut microbiota alpha diversity as compared with healthy women.

The aim of the study. To establish cut-off points for alpha diversity indices, significant in polycystic ovarian syndrome with hyperandrogenism.

Material and methods. The manuscript presents a sub-study of Eastern Siberia PCOS Epidemiology and Phenotype Study, conducted in Eastern Siberia (Russia) from 2016 to 2019. All participants (175 women of reproductive age: 26 women with PCOS (according to Rotterdam criteria (2003)) and hyperandrogenemia (increased levels of total testosterone (TT) and/or free androgenindex(FAI), and/ordehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS)), 149 – without hyperandrogenemia) were recruited during the annual employment medical assessment. Methods included a questionnaire survey, anthropometry and modified Ferriman – Gallwey score, gynecological examination, pelvic ultrasound, and blood serum tests for TT, DHEAS, sex hormone-binding globulin, FAI, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. Five indices of alpha diversity (amplicon sequencing variant, Shannon index, Simpson index, Chao index, and abundance-based coverage Index) were estimated for the gut microbiota using amplicon metasequencing. Statistical analysis included ROC-analysis for development of cut-off points for the indices, associated with hyperandrogenism in women of reproductive age with PCOS.

Results. According to results of ROC-analysis, the greatest sensitivity with moderate specificity, with a high area under the curve was established for the Shannon and Simpson indices with cut-off points classifying women with or without hyperandrogenemia – 5.84 and 0.97, respectively.

Conclusions. The developed criteria for assessing alpha diversity using cut-off points for the most significant indices can be useful for monitoring the results of different therapeutic interventions (prebiotics, probiotics, etc.) in hyperandrogenic phenotypes of PCOS.
Immune cells and tryptophan metabolism in the joint capsule tissue in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Stepanov E. A.
Published: September 2024

To the present day, many links in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis remain unclear, which leads to unsatisfactory results in its therapy.

The aim. To study the cells involved in immune reactions and tryptophan metabolites in the joint capsule in rheumatoid arthritis.

Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on 40 Wistar rats. Rheumatoid arthritis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a solution of type 2 collagen (Chondrex Inc., USA) in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. On the days 7, 14 and 21, the content of tryptophan, kynurenine, 3-hydrokenurinine, L-5-hydrotryptophan in the joint capsule was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Cells with CD3, CD20 and CD68 in joint tissues were studied at the same time using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent method to determine antibodies to citrulline-containing peptide. Statistical analysis was performed using the Jamovi, version 2.3 software.

Results. The content of cells carrying CD3, CD20 and CD68 markers in the joint was high in experimental rheumatoid arthritis. In joint tissues, the content of tryptophan metabolites along the kynurenine pathway also increases and the concentration of metabolites along the serotonin pathway decreases. Direct positive correlations of cells carrying CD3, CD20 and CD68 differential clusters with the content of tryptophan metabolites along the kynurenine pathway and negative correlations with metabolites of the serotonin pathway were established.

Conclusions. Cells carrying CD3, CD20 and CD68 markers and tryptophan metabolites – kynurenine and L-5-hydrotryptophan – play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
Mannans: Obtaining from the cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and assessing their adjuvant properties in a subunit vaccine model
Authors: Esina T. I. , Volosnikova E. A. , Shcherbakov D. N. , Volkova N. V. , Zaykovskaya A. V. , Shimina G. G. , Danilenko E. D.
Published: September 2024

Background. Polysaccharides are known to possess adjuvant properties, they are biodegradable, safe, and are of low-labor production. In this regard, the development of polysaccharide-based adjuvants is an urgent task.

The aim. To develop a method for obtaining mannans from the cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and to study their adjuvant properties using subunit vaccine model.

Materials and methods. The preparation of mannans was obtained from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast by enzymatic and alkaline hydrolysis. Its adjuvant properties were assessed in BALB/c mice immunized with the recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 (S) protein (Delta (B.1.617.2)). The titers of specific antibodies in the blood sera were determined by ELISA assays using the recombinant RBD (Wuhan-Hu-1 and Delta), and the recombinant (S) protein (Wuhan-Hu-1, Delta and Omicron) as antigens. The titers of virus-neutralizing antibodies were determined using virus-neutralization tests with the SARS-CoV-2 virus strains Wuhan – hCoV19/Australia/VIC01/2020 (Wuhan-Hu-1), Delta – hCoV-19/Russia/PSK-2804/2021 (Delta (B.1.617.2)), and Omicron 1 – hCoV-19/Russia/Moscow171619-031221/2021 (Omicron (B.1.1.529)).

Results. The developed scheme allowed for obtaining up to 200 mg of mannans from 10 g of yeast cell debris. Double, with a two-week interval, immunization with RBD (50 μg) in combination with mannans (40 μg and 10 μg) induced the production of specific antibodies in titers from 1:2477330 to 1:188360. The titer of virus-neutralizing antibodies to the Delta – hCoV-19/Russia/PSK-2804/2021 was 1:485 (40 μg of mannans per mouse).

Conclusions. We developed a scheme for obtaining a low-toxic preparation of mannans from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The highest adjuvant activity was achieved when using mannans at the dose of 40 µg per mouse. Blood sera obtained from the immunized animals neutralized both homologous and heterologous SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Peculiarities of the menstrual cycle in girls living in the Murmansk region
Authors: Grigorieva E. I. , Martynova A. A.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study. To assess the characteristics of the menstrual cycle and ovulation disorders in girls aged 15–17 years.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out in 2022–2023 in the Murmansk region in Apatity. A total of 225 girls with average age of 16.5 ± 0.03 years took part in the study. The characteristics of the menstrual cycle and ovulation disorders were studied according to the guidelines of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Results of the study. In the study group, the onset of menarche (13.1 years) is observed at a later age compared to the girls living in other regions of Russia and neighboring countries (12.6–12.9 years). Every seventh girl has an irregular menstrual cycle, every fifth girl has a cycle duration of more than 38 days. Heavy menstruation occurs in every third girl, intermenstrual uterine bleeding – in every thirteenth girl. Half of the girls have painful periods (dysmenorrhea). Among ovulation disorders, the most common is abnormal uterine bleeding – 34.7 %. Also, intermenstrual uterine bleeding (8.0 %), primary amenorrhea (2.7 %) and polycystic ovary syndrome (1.3 %) are registered. Among gynecological pathology, in addition to ovulation disorders, we registered vulvovaginal candidiasis and paraurethral cyst.

Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained results showed that only 20.4 % of girls do not have gynecological pathology, which to a certain extent indicates a low level of reproductive health of girls. Asaresult, it is necessary to diagnose and treat diseases which can cause the development of ovulation disorders more carefully and at earlier stages of sexual development. The work was carried out as part of the research topic No. FMEZ-2022-0012.
Late Gender Re-Assignment in 46XY 17 Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (Type 3) Deficiency: A Case Report Highlighting Challenges of Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Oyenusi EE , Oduwole AO , Alakaloko FM , Oshodi YO , Ezeoma IM
Published: September 2024

A 12-year-old child, previously raised as a female, presented with phallic enlargement at puberty. The sexual maturity ratings were Stage 2 and 4 for breast and pubic hair, respectively, with a stretched phallic length of 3.2cm. The patient re-presented at 16 years with progressive masculinisation and regression of breast buds. A pelvic ultrasound scan, magnetic resonant imaging and laparoscopic examination showed intrabdominal left testis, intracanalicular right testis, vas deferens, and bilateral pampiniform plexus with no uterus or ovaries. Histology of gonadal biopsy showed germ cell aplasia, and the karyotype was 46XY. The surgeons fixed the gonads in the scrotal sacs after biopsy. The human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation test showed low basal and stimulated testosterone/androstenedione ratios (0.22 and 0.17, respectively) which were strongly suggestive of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-3 (17β-HSD3) deficiency. The patient was evaluated by the mental health team and after sessions of therapy, the patient requested for gender reassignment, which necessitated orthoplasty and urethroplasty. It is to be noted that 17β-HSD3 deficiency is a frequent cause of gender change at puberty.
Digital Twins in Manufacturing: A Survey of Current Practices and Future Trends
Authors: Abhinav Parashar A Singh  , Neepakumari Gameti
Published: September 2024

Digital Twin (DT) is the advanced tool of smart manufacturing which provides a proper way to model, analyse, and control the physical systems. A DT is the lifelike rendition of a physical object or phenomenon that uses real-time actual phenomena data to depict its actions, efficiency, and responses within the surrounding context. This technology allows electronic manufacturers to obtain a real-time stream of their systems, in which predictive maintenance, increased operation effectiveness, and improved product quality can be attained. By developing an ever-evolving replica of the physical structures, systems or even operation lines, Digital Twins enable the functionality of exploring various demanding circumstances and schemata, all in order to make effective decisions. When the manufacturing environments are rapidly changing, and there are more interconnections between them, the use of Digital Twins is especially useful. They continue improvement by highlighting problems, forecasting failure, and making choices based on data. The purpose of this article is to examine smart manufacturing via the lens of IoT DT technology. It gives general information about its uses, such as in the processes, time-saving and safety measures. As well, the paper considers the difficulties related to the practical application of DT, including costs, data management, and requirements for the formation of standards. Thus, based on analysing future developments and the role of Digital Twins as an innovation enabler in different industries, this study can benefit scholars, practitioners, and politicians who look forward to unlocking the potential of this innovative solution.
Evaluating the impact of emerging hydro-geophysical technologies on sustainable water resource management
Authors: Benard Ifeanyi Odoh  , Ifeanyi Peter Ezealaji  , Chetanna Jude Chukwuneke
Published: September 2024

Emerging hydrogeophysical technologies are revolutionizing the management of water resources, providing unprecedented insights and enhancing sustainability practices. This article examines recent advancements in hydrogeophysical methods, focusing on time-lapse electromagnetic techniques, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and artificial intelligence (AI). Through a comprehensive review of the literature and practical case studies, including notable implementations in Africa, the paper highlights how these innovations improve groundwater monitoring, resource management, and predictive capabilities. Time-lapse electromagnetic methods have achieved up to 1-meter resolutions, significantly enhancing groundwater mapping accuracy (Binley & Kemna, 2005). With their high-resolution remote sensing capabilities, UAVs have facilitated detailed hydrological surveys, while AI-driven analyses optimize groundwater predictions and management strategies (Rennie et al., 2021). The study presents a cost-benefit analysis showing a 20-30% reduction in operational costs and a 40% increase in data accuracy. Challenges such as technical limitations and high initial costs are discussed, alongside potential solutions and prospects. The findings underscore the transformative potential of these technologies for achieving sustainable water resource management, offering actionable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in the field.
High gain super lift Luo converter for hybrid energy management systems
Authors: KARTHIKEYAN K  , JAYANTHI G ANBAZHAGAN S  , GOKULAKRISHNAN R
Published: September 2024

Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the development of alternative energy supplies due to rising fossil fuel prices and issues about the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the environment. Today's demand is the design of a hybrid electric power generation system that uses solar and wind energy for remote places. This paper presents the design of an optimized hybrid renewable energy system consisting of a photo voltaic wind turbine (savinous type) with a battery and a super lift LUO converter. A solar PV module with an intelligent inverter facilitates the tracking of the maximum power point and the implementation of a battery charge controller for greater battery lifespan as well as reliable performance. Higher power output and clean energy are available from the hybrid power generation system, which combines innovative techniques with solar and wind power.
A comprehensive review of neuroimaging-based AI models for autism classification
Authors: Raghav Lakkaraju  , Ananya Meduri
Published: September 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and behavior. Traditional diagnostic methods rely heavily on behavioral assessments, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), which are often subjective and limited by the absence of definitive biomarkers. Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques, including structural MRI (sMRI), functional MRI (fMRI), and positron emission tomography (PET), have provided valuable insights into the structural and functional abnormalities associated with ASD. However, the analysis of neuroimaging data is complex, requiring sophisticated machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) models. This paper reviews state-of-the-art machine learning approaches, such as Random Forests, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and deep learning models, aimed at improving the diagnostic accuracy of ASD. We particularly focus on multimodal deep learning models that integrate neuroimaging data with behavioral assessments. In this review, we critically evaluate the strengths and limitations of these approaches, and how emerging AI tools not only enhance classification accuracy but also hold potential for identifying biomarkers and tracking the disorder's progression. Our analysis underscores the need for advanced methods that exploit both spatial and temporal features of brain data to better understand ASD, paving the way for improved diagnostics and personalized treatments.
Evcil ve Yabani Kanatlı Hayvanlarda Görülen Cerrahi Hastalıkların Retrospektif Değerlendirmesi: 436 Olgu (2017-2023)
Authors: Gülaydın Ali , Şındak Nihat , Akgül Mustafa Barış , Yıldırım Onur , Kılıç Sevdet , Yılmaz Maruf , Erden Bahar , Soysal Müzzemil Hattap
Published: September 2024

Bu retrospektif çalışma, Siirt Üniversitesi Hayvan Sağlığı Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi Cerrahi Kliniğine getirilen evcil ve yabani kanatlı türlerinde teşhis edilen cerrahi hastalıkların değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada 196 muhabbet kuşu (Melopsittacus undulatus), 62 güvercin (Columbalivia domestica), 50 tavuk (Gallus gallus domesticus) ve diğer türler dahil olmak üzere 436 yabani ve evcil kanatlı hastanın verileri incelendi. Vakaların yıllara, türlere, teşhis edilen hastalıklara, hastalık etiyolojilerine, hastalık lokalizasyonlarına ve tedavi seçeneklerine göre dağılımı kategorize edildi. Muayene edilen kanatlı hayvanlarda en sık rastlanan cerrahi hastalık yumuşak doku travması (%42,20) olurken, bu hastalığı sırasıyla yaralar (%23,16), kırıklar (%22,70), doğuştan deformiteler (%6,65) ve göz hastalıkları (%5,27) izledi. Kırık etiyolojileri arasında bilinmeyen nedenler ve çeşitli travmaların yer aldığı görüldü. Muayenesi yapılan kanatlı hayvanlarda karşılaşılan hastalıklar medikal, operatif ve konservatif olarak tedavi edildi. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin kanatlı hayvan türlerinde cerrahi hastalıkların prevalansını ve çeşitliliğini vurgulamakta ve farklı kanatlı türleri için özel tedavi yaklaşımlarının önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmanın, farklı kanatlı türlerinde karşılaşılabilecek cerrahi hastalıklarla ilgili çalışmalara katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Análise Curricular dos Cursos Presenciais da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD): Uma Abordagem Acerca da Inserção e da Obrigatoriedade das Temáticas de Identidade de Gênero e Sexualidade
Authors: Santos Danrvney Christian Monteiro dos , Yamazaki Regiani Magalhães de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

Ter disciplinas na graduação que abordem conteúdos considerados tabus na sociedade, como identidade de gênero e/ou sexualidade, contribuindo na formação de profissionais e na construção da figura antipreconceito. Assim, buscamos nesta pesquisa, através de uma abordagem quantitativa, realizar um levantamento das disciplinas presentes nos cursos presenciais da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) que trabalhem essas temáticas. Os Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso (PPC’s) foram utilizados para conduzir o procedimento metodológico. Diante disso, dos 34 cursos oferecidos pela UFGD, nove não incluem disciplinas que tratam desses temas, e para os 25 cursos que o fazem, a representatividade é baixa, visto que das 2324 disciplinas, somente 60 delas envolvem esses conteúdos, mesmo que não sejam todas obrigatórias. A pesquisa enfatiza a importância da inclusão efetiva de Identidade de gênero e Sexualidade nos currículos, promovendo a conscientização e o combate de preconceitos na sociedade.
Finansal Gevşeklik, Mülkiyet-Yönetim Kurulu Yapısı ve Firma Performansı Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 100 Örneği
Authors: Irmak Fazlı
Published: September 2024

Finansal gevşeklik kavramı, işletmenin olması gerekenin üzerinde elde tuttuğu varlıkları ve borçlanma yeteneğinin toplamını ifade etmektedir. Finansal gevşeklik kaynaklarını kaynak yapısı teorisyenleri, firmaların ihtiyaç anında başvurabileceği güç kaynağı olduğunu ileri sürerken, vekalet teorisyenleri gevşekliği, yöneticilerin kendi çıkarlarını önceleyerek veya israf ederek firma değerini olumsuz etkileyeceklerini ileri sürmektedir. Bu çalışmada, mevcut gevşeklik, potansiyel gevşeklik ve geri kazanılabilir gevşeklik ile piyasa temelli performans göstergeleri arasındaki ilişki ve bu ilişkide mülkiyet yapısı değişkenlerinin düzenleyici etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 2018/Q1-2023/Q3 dönemi arasında BİST100 endeksinde işlem gören firmalar, GMM yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, tüm finansal gevşeklik türleri ile piyasa temelli performans göstergeleri olan Tobin Q, PD/DD ve F/K arasında pozitif ilişki belirlenmiştir. Mevcut gevşeklik, potansiyel gevşeklik ve geri kazanılabilir gevşeklik ile Tobin Q, PD/DD ve F/K değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkide, vekalet teorisi kapsamında mülkiyet yapısı ve yönetim kurulu yapısının düzenleyici etkisine ilişkin GMM analiz sonuçlarına göre; yönetimsel mülkiyet, mülkiyet yoğunluğu, yönetim kurulu bağımsızlığı ve yönetim kurulu büyüklüğünün farklı seviyelerde düzenleyici etki bulunmuştur. Yabancı mülkiyetinin gevşeklik ile performans arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici etkisine ilişkin yeterli kanıtlara ulaşılamamıştır.
The Effect of Smartphone Features on Customer Engagement: The Mediating Role of Brand Value
Authors: Songur Ahmet
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The continuous increase in the use of smartphones and the rapid growth in the demand for these devices increase the interest in the subject. The smartphone market has attracted the attention of many businesses due to the increasing usage rates and has resulted in new brands and models joining the competition in the market. This research aims to examine the relationships between smartphone features, customer engagement, and brand value in the context of Turkish smartphone users. For this purpose, a theoretical model is proposed to encompasses the interactions between these variables. The model is tested by analyzing the data obtained from 726 Turkish smartphone users. The findings reveal that smartphone features have a strong influence on brand value and brand value has a strong influence on customer engagement. Smartphone features alone do not affect customer engagement. On the other hand, brand value is found to mediate the relationship between smartphone features and customer engagement.
BINDERS FROM SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF COAL ENRICHMENT WASTE FOR CONSTRUCTION OBJECT ERECTION USING THE 3D PRINTING METHOD
Authors: Rudin A.A.
Published: September 2024

Formulation of the problem. The 3D printing construction technology is one of the modern methods of rapid construction, which allows for a significant automation of the building process while achieving high precision in the fabrication of complex configurations using equipment (3D printers) controlled by software to define precise coordinates of the printed structure model. The main materials for construction 3D printing technology are composite mixtures based on binders. Cement or composite binders can be used as binders [1]. The cement production technology involves the firing of its components at 1 450 °C, which requires significant energy resources and affects its final cost and the overall mixture. The utilization of coal enrichment waste, which contains clay minerals, quartz, pyrite, and a small amount of carbonates, impurities, and combustible substances, allows for reducing the consumption of technological fuel and the firing temperature of the binder by harnessing the heat-generating properties of coal inclusions. Thus, coal enrichment waste can be used as a fuel component in obtaining the binder. The purpose. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the use of component binders derived from coal enrichment waste shows promise in the construction of buildings using 3D printing technology. By harnessing the heat-generating properties of these waste materials, it is possible to reduce the consumption of technological fuel and firing temperature required for binder production, consequently lowering CO2 emissions into the atmosphere and reducing the final cost of the construction mixture for 3D printing.
METHODOLOGY OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING OF URBAN STREETS AND ROADS
Authors: Tregub O.V. , Lando Ye.O. , Balashova Yu.B. , Ishutina H.S. , Samko B.I.
Published: September 2024

Problem statement. New challenges in road construction require the application of modern and globally recognized best practices in the design and management of road infrastructure construction processes, involving the use of the latest Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies. The implementation of BIM technologies necessitates conducting research to systematize information, forecast and evaluate outcomes, and develop a modeling methodology. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for Building Information Modeling of urban streets and roads. Research Results. The proposed methodology for Building Information Modeling is demonstrated using sections of the street and road network in the city of Dnipro. Digital terrain and site models were created in the InfraWorks software based on geospatial data from remote sensing. Conceptual models of urban streets and roads were developed. The conceptual models were exported to Civil 3D, where the terrain model was refined using ground survey data, analyzed, and used to develop route plans, longitudinal and cross profiles of streets and roads. The detailed and coordinated road design solutions in Civil 3D were exported to InfraWorks to build an integrated road infrastructure. An analysis of the spatial smoothness of routes and sight distances on roads was conducted using the building information model. Models of an overpass and bridge developed in Revit were exported to the road infrastructure model. Traffic management measures were modeled. Using the “Traffic Simulation” tools in InfraWorks, vehicle traffic flows on roads and interchanges of the studied street and road network were simulated, taking into account the actual traffic intensity. The building information models were checked for structural deficiencies using Navisworks software. Conclusion. The proposed methodology for designing urban streets and roads using BIM technology involves the step-by-step development of a digital model utilizing software for the automated design of road infrastructure with the required level of detail at each stage of the design process.
SCIENTIFICLY BASED CALCULATION METHODS AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA BASES FOR THE PREVENTION OF PREMIUM FIRE EXPLOSIONS AND UNSAFE EXPLOSIONS OF PYROTECHNIC MULTICOMPONENT NITRATE-METALLIZED MIXTURES UNDER EXTERNAL THERMAL
Authors: Koziar N.M. , Kyrychenko O.V. , Romaniuk I.P. , Vashchenko V.A. , Balo Ya.V. , Diadiushenko O.O.
Published: September 2024

Problem statement. Methods of preventing the occurrence of forced fire-hazardous destruction of products in the event of exposure to external thermal actions are of great practical importance. At the same time, they should be based on scientifically based methods for determining the critical values of parameters of thermal effects on products and technological parameters of mixture charges, the excess of which leads to premature fire-hazardous destruction of products. To develop such methods, it is necessary to have the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the processes of heating the shells of mixture charges for various external heat flows and their thermoreaction times, as well as the processes of ignition and development of their combustion under different external conditions. Purpose of the article. To form the results of theoretical studies in the form of scientifically based methods that allow preventing and controlling the premature ignition of mixture charges, the explosive development of their combustion process and the fire-hazardous destruction of products under conditions of external thermal effects, as well as the compilation of the results of experimental studies into a single database with determination of the influence of the technological parameters of the mixtures on the characteristics of their ignition processes and the development of combustion, the use of which allows reducing the number of fire-explosive destruction of products in conditions of elevated heating temperatures and external pressures. Conclusion. Scientifically based methods of determining the critical values of the parameters of external thermal actions for the quantitative assessment of the level of fire safety of pyrotechnic products based on multi-component nitrate-metallized mixtures have been developed. A scientific and technical base of experimental data was created to determine the regularities of the influence of a wide class of technological parameters of mixtures on the main characteristics of the processes of ignition and development of combustion of mixtures (ignition temperature, induction time, speed of combustion development) under conditions of external thermal actions (elevated heating temperatures, external pressures, etc.), which makes it possible to determine the probability of fires occurring at facilities where products are stored.
STRUCTURE FORMATION OF Ni−P ALLOY ELECTROCOATINGS WITH INCREASED CORROSION RESISTANCE
Authors: Korolyanchuk D.G. , Ovcharenko V.I. , Girin O.B.
Published: September 2024

Purpose of research. The main factors that reduce the protective properties of electrocrystallized coatings are the formation of volumetric defects − pores, as well as the occurrence of microgalvanic couples at grain boundaries, that is, on surface defects of the crystalline structure. Creating a non-porous structure in electrocoatings, eliminating the formation of surface defects in metal/alloy layers, as well as the possibility of replacing chromium coatings, which are obtained from toxic electrolytes, are urgent tasks. Materials and methodology. In the work, it was proposed to use electrocoatings with Ni−P alloy as protective layers on products that increase corrosion resistance. An X-ray determination of the phase composition of Ni−P electrochemical deposits was carried out. The surface morphology and corrosion resistance of coatings were studied. Results. Samples of electrochemical coatings of pure nickel and nickel-phosphorus alloy were studied. It has been established that during the formation of nickel coatings with the addition of phosphorus ions, the surface morphology has practically no pores, amorphization of deposits occurs, due to which the protective properties, namely, corrosion resistance, are improved. Scientific novelty. Factors have been identified that influence the increase in corrosion resistance of coatings − the absence of a porous structure and the formation of an amorphous state. Conclusions. The influence on the structure and properties of electrochemical coatings of a nickel-phosphorus alloy has been studied. It has been established that the addition of phosphorus ions to the nickel plating electrolyte leads to the formation of an amorphous structure in the coatings, and layers of the Ni−P alloy appear practically without the presence of pores. It has been established that the effect of increasing the corrosion resistance of the electrochemical coating with a nickel-phosphorus alloy (by 30 %) is due to the formation of an amorphous structure of the solidifying metal liquid while preventing the crystallization process during electrochemical deposition.
Effect of Design Parameters on Buckling Tendency of an Eccentric Drag Link Used in a Truck Steering Linkage: A DoE/RSM-Based Design Optimisation Study
Authors: Polat Kübra , Topaç Mehmet Murat , Çoban Ufuk
Published: September 2024

The steering system, deemed one of the most critical subsystems for ensuring the safety of a vehicle, is characterised by its pivotal role in manoeuvrability and control. The primary function of transmitting the steering input from the steering wheel to the vehicle's wheels is carried out by the drag link within the steering system. Therefore, the durability and proper functioning of the drag link in vehicles, especially carrying heavy loads, are of critical importance for both safety and efficiency. The main purpose of this study is to determine the optimal geometry of the drag link utilised in the steering system of a 4x2 truck using the Design of Experiments-Response Surface Methodology (DoE-RSM). Firstly, an idealised worst-case load model was used to determine the maximum force applied by the Pitman arm on the drag link. The stress distribution and deformation on the drag link caused by the maximum design load were deter-mined using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Based on the results of the analyses, eccentricity, rod thickness, and fillet radius were defined as design parameters. The parameter ranges were determined by considering the volume swept by the wheel and buckling criteria under maximum load conditions. According to the DoE-RSM results, concerning the local sensitivity per-centages of the parameters on total deformation, it was observed that the eccentricity (e) parameter has the most significant impact, with an approximate positive rate of 74%.
The Relationship of the Urartian Material Culture with the Modern Armenian Artworks
Authors: Berktaş Esin
Published: September 2024

From the early times of human history, the production of a culture shaped the evolution of human beings and their survival strategies. Culture is characteristic of everyday life shared by people in one place or time. It is also the development and shaping of the mind through all kinds of activities. The production of tools, the process of materials, the creation of artifacts, and the emergence of arts and crafts were the signs of the human mind to cope with nature and death. The creation of these early tools affected the development of culture, lifestyles, environment, and technology. The expression of the earliest tools is marked by their diversity. Throughout history in different societies, cultures and the transmission of cultural findings with written, visual and phonic items determined the paths of human creativity. In this article, an example of this route created in a specific time and space by a specific society i.e. the route from Urartian visual language to modern Armenian visual culture will be investigated.
The Dynamic Nature of European Identity
Authors: Ivic Sanja
Published: September 2024

EU citizenship requires a multilayered and dynamic concept of European identity. The idea of European identity embodied in the Declaration on European Identity and within A Charter on European Identity needs to be rethought. These documents should not contain essentialist assumptions based on the difference between "Europe" and "Other" that excludes and marginalizes a number of citizens. European identity should not create new forms of nationalism. That is why the concept of European identity should be flexible and dynamic. The concepts of identity, values, and Europe need to be rebuilt and reinterpreted in a multifaceted, adaptable, and dynamic manner. We can only discuss the dynamic nature of the European Union and the European identity in this sense. The concept of European identity should be developed less in terms of a predetermined past and more in terms of shared projects, long-term goals and connections resulting from a long-term, deliberate process.
APPLYING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY IN REVERSE ENGINEERING OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENT BASE
Authors: Malakhanov Alexey , Pugachev Aleksandr , Markova Valeria
Published: September 2024

The article shows the relevance of scanning electron microscopy in the problems of analysing and synthesising micro- and nanoscale structures of semiconductor devices. The aim of the article is to analyze the structure quality of semiconductor devices in integrated circuits, to restore the sequence of technological operations and reverse engineering. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: dielectric and conductive structures of semiconductor devices in integrated circuits are studied, the results of measuring the linear dimensions of the semiconductor device elements are analyzed, the dustiness coefficient is calculated. The study applies the methods of a full-scale experiment, digital methods of processing graphic information. A sample of an integrated circuit manufactured using field technology is selected as the initial data; the information and measuring system is built on the basis of a KYKY 8000 scanning electron microscope with a control computer. As a result, images of the element structures of field-effect transistors in the integrated circuit are obtained, on the basis of which the dustiness coefficient is calculated. The results show that with the help of scanning electron microscopy it is possible to analyze the technology of manufacturing semiconductor devices, to determine the sequence of execution and features of technological operations, to identify the causes of product defects to optimize technological manufacturing processes.
SIMULATING THE PROCESS OF FORECASTING THE COMPUTING POWER DEFICIT AT A SIGNIFICANT OBJECT OF CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Kovalev Maksim , Shkaberin Vitaliy , Rytov Mikhail , Shpichak Sergey
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study is to formalize the process of forecasting the computing power deficit at significant objects of critical information infrastructure using a functional model. The task is to create a correct functional model for forecasting the computing power deficit. To solve this problem, the BPwin software product and functional modelling methods are used. The novelty of the work lies in using the analytical alignment of dynamic series to forecast the computing power deficit at significant objects of critical information infrastructure. As the study result, the authors build a functional model of the process of forecasting the computing power deficit at significant objects of critical information infrastructure. Thus, the resulting functional model reflects the technological features of the process of forecasting the computing power deficit and can be automated and applied to significant objects of critical information infrastructure in the future.
Prevention of HIV/AIDS Transmission in Key Communities in Surabaya
Authors: Abdul Kohar Mudazkir  , Yenny Puspitasari
Published: September 2024

Indonesia is in third place among Asia Pacific countries for the growth and spread of HIV with a total of 46,000 cases. East Java Province is designated as an area with concentrated HIV prevalence along with five other provinces, namely DKI Jakarta, Papua, Bali, Riau and West Java. Knowledge is one of the predisposing factors in early detection of HIV disease, as well as risky behavior that can cause HIV AIDS transmission. This research aims to provide education to key communities as an effort to increase knowledge about HIV AIDS prevention and transmission. This research takes the form of experimental research, namely by measuring the increase in respondents' knowledge through pretest and posttest after the intervention. The intervention takes the form of providing education related to knowledge of preventing HIV/AIDS transmission. The intervention that will be carried out to increase knowledge about safe sexual behavior and preventing HIV AIDS transmission will be carried out by providing education on preventing HIV AIDS transmission in key communities at the Mahameru Foundation for 40 respondents. Risky sexual behavior such as having sexual relations with irregular partners, not using condoms during sexual intercourse, having sexual relations under the influence of alcohol and drugs are still carried out by key communities. The level of knowledge regarding risky sexual behavior, how HIV AIDS is transmitted and how to prevent HIV AIDS before education is carried out is still low.
Healthy Status in the Gymnastic Community in West Bandulan, Sukun, Malang
Authors: Ratih Paramita Suprapto  , Nia Kurnianingsih  , Ardani Galih Prakosa  , Heri Kristianto  , Novita Titis Harbiyanti  , Agwin Fahmi Fahanani
Published: September 2024

Obesity is a risk factor for various degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Obesity and all degenerative diseases could be prevented by implementing a healthy lifestyle, early detection of risk factors for degenerative diseases, and increasing knowledge about degenerative diseases. Therefore, this service activity aimed to form a healthy community with a program for three consecutive months. Activities included healthy exercise once a week, degenerative disease risk factors screening, and health education. Activities were carried out every Sunday morning for three months located in Bandulan Barat, Sukun District, Malang City. This activity was attended by 40 non-menopausal women. Health screening included waist circumference, random blood glucose, uric acid, cholesterol, and blood pressure. Of the 40 women examined, 39 suffered from central obesity, 6 suffered from hypertension, 4 suspected diabetes mellitus, 5 suffered from hyperlipidemia, and 4 of them suffered from hyperuricemia. As an intervention, participants received education about healthy lifestyles and degenerative diseases, the treatment of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, and diabetes mellitus. From healthy screening, central obesity was the most prevalent in this women's community. Healthy exercise community activities with health screening, and health education could be effective strategies for promotive and preventive activities to prevent degenerative obesity.
Increasing Tourism Potential through Natural Resource Management and Development of Tourism Packages in Building Independence and Productivity of the Ngulungwetan Village Community
Authors: Alfian Fawzi  , Duwi Rahmawati
Published: September 2024

PPK ORMAWA is one of the MBKM activities held by the government to support student education so that it can be directly conveyed to the Indonesian people through students. The ORMAWA PPK activity is an activity that has 3 program aspects, one of which is Promotional Media, Services, and Tourism Village Product Requirements. Ngulungwetan Village is a tourist village where this village is also one of the villages where the average community has a low level of awareness of the potential of tourist villages. So with the tourist attraction of beach camping as a tourism village product in Ngulungwetan Village, now the community and pokdarwis (tourism awareness groups) can manage tourism well. Camping tourism uses Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy Regulation Number 7 of 2021, the KBLI group is included in the low-scale business category which must have a business permit in the form of a business registration number (NIB) (KEMENPAREKRAF, 2021). This service aims to increase the attractiveness of local and foreign tourists because there are tourist destinations in Ngulungwetan Village. The results obtained are that the ORMAWA PPK Team has created this program. With this program, it is hoped that it can increase the attractiveness of the community in Ngulungwetan Village in the world of tourism. So, with this program, it can improve the management of the tourist attraction of Kebo Beach, Ngulungwetan tourist village, especially beach camping as a superior product of the tourist village.
Food Safety and Halal Certification Seminar Towards Mandatory Halal Food in October 2024
Authors: Hanie Kusuma Wardani  , Wahyu Kusuma Wardani
Published: September 2024

Food safety and halal certification are important aspects of the food industry in Indonesia, especially ahead of the mandatory halal certification in October 2024. This seminar aims to increase the understanding of food business actors about the importance of producing safe and halal food, as well as providing information about the process and requirements of halal certification. The methods used are seminars and interactive discussions organized by the collegiate association of Senior High School 2 Kediri (Ikasmada) on March 30, 2024. This seminar was attended by 39 collegiate who have businesses in the food sector and other. The results of the seminar showed an increase in participants' understanding of food safety regulations, the process of applying for a home industry product distribution permit, and self-declare halal certification. Interactive discussions generated questions about halal certification regulators, technical applications for home industry product distribution permit and halal certification, and suggestions for programs related to micro small business and food safety. In conclusion, this seminar is useful in providing insight and motivating food businesses actors to take care of licensing and halal certification to support government programs towards mandatory halal food in October 2024.
For What and for Whom? Expanding the Role of Research Syntheses for Diverse Stakeholders
Authors: Silver Rita Elaine , Kumar Vinay , Fengyi Deborah Chua , Lip Thye Michael Tan , Bin Abdul Aziz Johannis Auri
Published: September 2024

Systematic reviews have witnessed significant growth across many fields, including education. In this article, we outline the background of this growth, highlight the tendency to focus on methodological considerations, and propose a framework to support education researchers in preparing systematic reviews with broad impact. We draw on our experience working with education stakeholders in Singapore and on international scholarship to propose a framework that supports education researchers in clarifying and specifying their aims and audiences and crafting syntheses of appropriate types. Our aim is that this framework, which includes examples illustrating four categories of reviews, acts as a reflective tool which researchers can use to maximize the utility, value, and potential impact of education research.
Identifying Applications of Wood Ash by Matching Its Characteristics with End-User Quality Requirements: A Case Study
Authors: Kamal Abu , Mahmood Talat
Published: September 2024

Despite being a bio-based material, wood ash generated by pulp and paper mills is mainly landfilled in Canada. This is because it is perceived as waste material and the certification requirements and regulations controlling its use are complex. To promote wood ash utilization, ash samples from mills in British Columbia (BC), Canada were characterized, and the properties were compared to quality specifications for potential applications. Three types of ash samples were collected: bottom ash, multi-clone (MC) ash, and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) ash. The characteristics of each type of ash were analyzed, and their suitability for various applications was determined. The study found that ESP ash had a higher calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE) value than MC ash, making it more useful as a liming material in agricultural land. The study identified quality criteria for industries where wood ash can be used, such as construction, agriculture, composting, stabilization/solidification, liming, mining, and fire-retardant. Each type of ash was evaluated for its use in these industries, and the environmental regulations for each application were considered. It was observed that the quality criteria for one application could differ dramatically from those for another. Intuitively, an ash producer would cross-check the characteristics of their ash types against the quality requirements for potential uses near the ash source because different applications have different quality requirements This article is believed to help identify promising applications of ash thereby removing ash from landfilling and promoting the circular economy.
COLLABORATIVE PLATFORMS SUPPORTING CIRCULARITY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT. IDENTIFYING STRATEGIC ACTIONS AND REPLICABLE GOOD PRACTICES
Authors: Altamura Paola , Baiani Serena , Ceruti Francesca , Cutaia Laura
Published: September 2024

This contribution highlights the role that collaborative platforms can offer for the promotion of circularity in the construction sector, through the interaction between different stakeholders and, in particular, through the collection and promotion of good practices. In fact, the work reports the outcomes of stakeholder consultation experiences, developed within the Italian Circular Economy Stakeholder Platform, aimed at identifying the strategic areas and priority actions for the scale-up circular solutions to a large scale, and activities of collection, selection and analysis of good practices at different scales (products, buildings, tools) that exemplify the possibility of concretely implementing - in a highly replicable manner - the circular solutions, until now often considered experimental cases that are difficult to be repeated.