bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decision Making Process in Intercultural Communication
Authors: Pembecıoglu Emıne Nılufer , Irmaklı Hatıce
Published: June 2019

The society we live in and the culture we're surrounded by all have an impact on our decision-making processes requiring that media literacy skills start flourishing during the early years. Globalization changed the dynamics of the world and society by removing any limitations of time and space. Thus, different cultures and values encounter one another, which is why media literacy and intercultural awareness are becoming the key skills in today's world. This chapter aims to analyze the stages, reasons, and the choices of the decision-making process of individuals from different cultural backgrounds in an intercultural communication setting where they were given certain problems for which they were expected to find solutions in a limited amount of time. The chapter mainly discusses the notion of “tolerance” and “judgement”: how one positions her/himself in an intercultural environment and how s/he approaches a problem with the awareness of cultural differences.
Adolescent Co-Researchers Design Media Literacy Lessons to Address Cyberbullying Through Design Thinking
Authors: Cheng Aileen Chai Siew
Published: June 2019

To date, media literacy lessons in schools have been successful in dispensing knowledge but few have influenced a change of intention. This chapter explores how lessons in the context of cyberbullying can be designed to help adolescents move beyond students reciting correct answers to intending to behave responsibly online. At phase one of the research, an adult researcher worked with seven adolescent student co-researchers to develop lessons that are relevant to adolescents, guided by the design thinking processes. Theory of planned behavior framework was used to guide the development of lesson content and Kolb's experiential learning cycle framework informed researchers on how to design experiential learning experiences that would help adolescents empathize and create knowledge. At phase 2, the student co-researchers facilitated three lessons to their peers (N= 99). The goal was to encourage passive bystanders to become positive bystanders who will protect cyber-victims instead of remaining inactive. After the lesson intervention, there was an increase of 42.7% of positive bystanders.
Energy Saving System Based on Heat Pump for Maintain Microclimate of the Agricultural Objects
Authors: Ge Giedrius , Ershova Irina Georgievna , Vasilyev Alexey N. , Tikhomirov Dmitry , Samarin Gennady Nikolaevich , Poruchikov Dmitrii , Ershov Mikchail Arkadievich
Published: June 2019

At agricultural facilities, the main attention is paid to the formation and maintenance of their microclimate parameters, and mechanization of storage processes. As world experience shows, it is necessary to develop and implement energy-saving systems and the use of renewable energy sources. The authors have developed energy-saving systems based on the heat pump, with upgraded electrical regulators. The developed system (patent 100873), uses thermoelectric elements and a low-potential energy source, to effectively maintain the temperature parameters of the microclimate during long-term storage of potatoes, but it requires a large amount of electricity consumption (30 to 35 kW), so the authors have developed an energy-saving system based on a heat pump (patent 123909). The temperature regime is achieved by using a thermoelectric cooler-heater and an electric heater. The humidifier allows for maintaining the necessary relative air humidity.
Gas Turbine Power Plant of Low Power GTP-10S
Authors: Gusarov Valentin , Yuferev Leonid , Godzhaev Zahid , Parachnich Aleksandr
Published: June 2019

Currently, there is an increase in the use of gas turbines. Today they are used in the energy sector: aviation, armed forces, and the navy. The introduction of a new manufacturing technology developed by the authors will make it possible to manufacture cheap and reliable installations and thus ensure an exceptional position on the Russian market for goods and technologies, and taking into account the use of intellectual rights, abroad. The scientific novelty of the sample is the method of calculating small engines with a centrifugal compressor, a centripetal turbine and a combustion chamber with a negative thrust vector of the air flow. It is shown that the developed microgas turbine cogeneration power generator consists of a microturbine engine with a periphery, a free power turbine necessary for the selection of mechanical power, a high-speed electric generator with permanent magnets, an electronic power conversion system, exhaust heat energy recovery system and an automatic control system.
Performance Improvement Study of Linear Photovoltaic Systems With Concentration of Solar Radiation
Authors: Nesterenkov Petr Alexandrovich , Nesterenkov Alexander Gennadievich
Published: June 2019

A new type of linear cooled photodetectors is considered, of which in the focal region of the optical concentrator mirrors is installed an array of solar cells operating with the low-ratio solar concentration. This work is focused on the theoretical and experimental substantiation of the efficiency increase of photodetectors under conditions of an optimal combination between solar radiation concentration and heat transfer intensity of photovoltaic cells with heat carriers. The problem of obtaining a high temperature liquid due to the limitations of solar cells is solved by organizing the flow of fluid within the thermal collector channels in the focal region of an additional optical concentrator. A mathematical model of engineering characteristic calculation of the Ʌ - shaped photodetectors and cost calculation of electrical and thermal energy generation is presented. The research results are used in the development of industrial prototypes of photodetectors with a concentration of solar radiation and low production costs.
Potential Evaluation and Best Practices of Solar Power Plant Application in Rural Areas
Authors: Daus Yuliia , Kharchenko Valeriy , Yudaev Igor Viktorovich , Dyachenko Vera , Klychev Shavkat , Rakitov Sergey
Published: June 2019

Recreational rest and recovery zones require a daily hot water supply, and constant availability of electricity. Therefore, the need for renewable energy sources usage in the Lower Volga region is obvious and power plants with an environmentally friendly component significant in the region. An analysis of the theoretically calculated potential renewable energy makes it possible to optimistically assert that the region is promising for autonomous renewable energy source implementation. It may be noted that potential wind and solar energy, in spite of the fact that it is distributed unevenly, is sufficient to provide energy for remote rural communities and tourist facilities. An analysis was conducted on the availability of actinometric data required for heliotechnical calculations and identified areas of applicability and accuracy of the information received from various meteorological information sources.
Improvement of Technology of Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation of Seeds and Crop Plants
Authors: Yudaev Igor Viktorovich , Mashkov Sergey , Vasilyev Sergey , Syrkin Vladimir , Shevchenko Sergey , Sirakov Kiril
Published: June 2019

Use of a variety of electrotechnics is a technologically-efficient and environmentally-friendly technique that increases the productivity of cultivated plants. Stimulation of green plants and vegetable crops in electric field with the intensity of 5-50 kV/m made it clear that the maximum efficiency is observed in the growth period – an increase of up to 30%, compared to the control. Plants have been subjected to stimulation for 3 hours twice a day (in the morning and in the evening). Analysis of studies on the pre-seeding seed stimulation showed that the exposure to pulsed magnetic field improves the dynamics of germination and plant growth at the early stages of development by an average of 10-20%, and more uniform germination helps to ensure high yields.
Linear Electromechanical Transducer in the Systems of Welded Joints of Electrodynamic Processing
Authors: Zhyltsov Andrii , Kondratenko Igor , Vasyuk Vyacheslav
Published: June 2019

This chapter is dedicated to establishing characteristics relationships between the induction type impact electromechanical transducer and parameters and quality indicators of electrodynamic effects on the welded joints. The authors developed two-dimensional circle-field mathematical model of transient discharge capacity at the branched electrical circuit with the coil inductance which changes dynamically, allowing by adjusting the parameters of the electromechanical transducer to achieve the necessary technological requirements for the characteristics of electrodynamic processing. Based on mathematical modeling of electrophysical processes in electromechanical transducers, induction type for electrodynamic processing of welded joints, reasonably geometrical parameters massive disk, and the contact area, the necessary conditions are created to reduce residual stresses in the weld joints.
Artificial Bee Colony-Based Optimization of Hybrid Wind and Solar Renewable Energy System
Authors: Geleta Diriba Kajela , Manshahia Mukhdeep Singh
Published: June 2019

In this chapter, the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was applied to optimize hybrids of wind and solar renewable energy system. The main objective of this research is to minimize the total annual cost of the system by determining appropriate numbers of wind turbine, solar panel, and batteries, so that the desired load can be economically and reliably satisfied based on the given constraints. ABC is a recently proposed meta heuristic algorithm which is inspired by the intelligent behavior of honey bees such as searching for food source and collection and processing of nectar. Instead of gradient and Hessian matrix information, ABC uses stochastic rules to escape local optima and find the global optimal solutions. The proposed methodology was applied to this hybrid system by the help of MATLAB code and the results were discussed. Additionally, it is shown that ABC can be efficiently solve the optimum sizing real-world problems with high convergence rate and reliability. The result was compared with the results of PSO.
Researches of Technology Electrohydraulic Effect
Authors: Sabrejos Jorge Vinna , Vasilyev Аlexey Nikolaevich , Belov Alexander Anatolievich , Toporkov Viktor Nikolaevich , Musenko Andrey Anatolievich
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the chapter is to study the technology and technical means of electrohydraulic action on water. The authors justify the relevance of the research. The design of the original negative electrode tip is being developed to increase the density of the electromagnetic field and reduce power loss. The design parameters of the electrohydraulic installation are shown. Modeling of factors influencing the process of electrohydraulic treatment of water according to the Plackett-Berman plan and the random balance method is carried out; significant and insignificant factors are identified. The operation modes of the electrohydraulic installation are determined and optimized experimentally. The substantiation of the economic feasibility of using electrohydraulic water treatment technology in farms is being conducted. The prospects and scope of electrohydraulic technology are determined.
Engaging Learners With Digital Literacy Practices
Authors: Mantei Jessica , Lipscombe Kylie , Cronin Lyn , Kervin Lisa
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores the ways two educators and their academic partners engaged young learners with digital literacy practices. In an educational environment dominated by print-based texts, the need to work with learners as both consumers and producers of digital text becomes integral. Drawing on theories of new literacies and multimodalities, the authors designed teaching and learning experiences to highlight the structure of digital text, and the complexity of the interrelationships between the language modes through deconstruction of live texts. The learners then demonstrated their understandings of these elements through their collaborative production of digital text. While this research was conducted with young learners, in this chapter the authors present important pedagogical considerations that can guide educators in their support of learners at all ages as they examine digital literacy practices for both text consumption and production.
Solving the Creativity Crisis
Authors: Bressler Denise M.
Published: June 2019

Society's serious problems require creative thinkers. Developing an effective workforce relies on cultivating our children's creativity. Unfortunately, we are suffering a creativity crisis, particularly with young children. Since 1990, early elementary students have suffered the largest decrease in creative thinking capacity. Rather than learning through play, young children are taught by rote and tested extensively. Play is indispensable for early learners; without play, students are missing an essential element of early learning that stimulates creative thinking. To promote play, elementary teachers should be trained in maker-centered teaching, a playful approach to learning that embodies the essential elements of STEM education. To truly integrate maker-centered learning, there is a critical need for effective maker-centered professional development. Maker-centered teaching provides playful learning where young children can experience STEM and learn to think more creatively. With maker-centered teaching, we can make the next generation of innovators.
Engaging Learners
Authors: Chadha Anita
Published: June 2019

This chapter examines innovative online peer engagement collaboration across geographic regions. This chapter has two parts. Part 1 discusses the research that peer deliberations on a collaborative website leads to academically reflective engagement among student peers and students and the content. Statistically proven results are provided from the past 11 years in that their academically reflective interactions lead students to personalize, extend, and push each other to examine and re-examine academic ideas and content in these online spaces. Part 2 of this chapter provides cross disciplinary educators reasons to and ways by which to incorporate peer engagement in their face-to-face, hybrid, or online class along with a step-by step approach for educators across disciplines to implement as an innovative means to engage students in academic deliberation.
Intertextuality in Political Discourse
Authors: Kitaeva Elena , Ozerova Olga
Published: June 2019

The chapter presents the discussion on intertextuality role in political discourse, namely in key leaders' political speeches. Intertextuality highlights the uncontested dialogicity of political discourse and takes it to the next level of decoding the speaker's message to the audience. By means of intertextuality, political leaders establish links with their audience outlining common values with the support of history, cultural traditions, and religion. Research into the speeches by key politicians allows the authors to reveal trends of intertext usage in European and American political discourse.
A Business Intelligence Project-Oriented Course
Authors: Alberg Dima
Published: June 2019

The Business Intelligence Project-Oriented Course has been taught in the department of Industrial Engineering and Management since 2016. In this course, the students learn to build websites and business intelligence systems which enable to perform data analysis and research in order to get valuable business insights and to retrieve specific business information. The article is devoted to BI course implementation in the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management of Sami Shamoon College of Engineering (SCE).
Incorporating External Data Into a BI Solution at a Public Waste Management Organization
Authors: Strand Mattias , Syberfeldt Anna
Published: June 2019

Organizations are showing an increasing interest in incorporating external data into their business intelligence solutions. Such data allows for advanced analytics and enables more comprehensive and inclusive decision-making. However, external data incorporation is relatively unexplored in the literature, and scientifically published details on up-and-running BI solutions are very sparse. In addition, published literature concerning the incorporation of external data into BI solutions is often rather synoptic or rather old (originating from data warehouse related literature). Therefore, the authors present the results of an action case study at a public waste management organization, illustrating detailed aspects of external data incorporation related to the back-end of the solution such as data selection, source characteristics, acquisition technologies and frequencies, and integration approaches. Given that the external origin of the data poses specific problems that must be overcome in order to allow for successful incorporation initiatives, special attention was paid to such problems.
Analysis and Forecasting of the Earth's Temperature Using Methods Mathematical Statistics and Synergetic Information Theory
Authors: Naghiyev Faig Bakhman Ogli
Published: June 2019

The dynamics of temperature change in the lower troposphere of the Earth is analyzed. The presence of trend component in temperature dynamics of Earth from 1880-2017 was revealed. The method of forecasting climate warming on Earth in the conditions of the greenhouse effect has been tested. The method of correlation analysis revealed the presence of significant correlations in the Earth's lower troposphere between temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and methane concentration. A similar conclusion was also made on the basis of the strong elongation of the shape of the correlation fields between these signs. A linear regression model was used, which made it possible to forecast the change in temperature depending on the carbon dioxide concentration. The temperature dynamics in the lower troposphere of the Earth is analyzed by the methods of the synergetic theory of information using entropy and negentropy. Calculations showed that the behavior of the entropy and negentropy can also predict an anomalous change in the temperature of the Earth.
Disease Classification Using ECG Signals Based on R-Peak Analysis With ABC and ANN
Authors: Lata Suman , Kumar Rakesh
Published: June 2019

ECG feature extraction has an important role in identifying a number of cardiac diseases. Lots of work has been done in this field but the most important challenges faced in previous work are the selection of proper R-peaks and R-R intervals due to the lack of appropriate pre-processing steps like decomposition, smoothing, filtering, etc., and the optimization of the features for proper classification. In this article, DWT-based pre-processing and ABC is used for optimization of features which helps to achieve better classification accuracy. It is utilized for initial diagnosis of abnormalities. The signals are taken from MIT-BIH arrhythmia database for the analysis. The aim of the research is to classification of six diseases; Normal, Atrial, Paced, PVC, LBBB, RBBB with an ABC optimization algorithm and an ANN classification algorithm on the basis of the extracted features. Various parameters, like, FAR, FRR, and accuracy are measured for the execution. Comparative analysis is shown of the proposed and the existing work to depict the effectiveness of the work.
A New Decision Support System for Optimal Integrated Project Scheduling and Resource Planning
Authors: Ahrari Amir , Haghani Ali
Published: June 2019

Two scheduling practices are commonly used depending on the availability of resources. When resources are not expensive, activities are scheduled and then resources are allocated until the available resources are exhausted. Then, iterative adjustments are applied to the resource allocation plan and the activities sequence to reach a feasible solution. Conversely, when expensive resources are involved, a resource allocation plan based on the economics of the resource is established and then activities are scheduled accordingly. However, Resource Constrained Scheduling Problems (RCSP) are not solved efficiently with either of these approaches. To find the optimal solution, activity scheduling and resource allocation should be formulated as an integrated optimization problem. Such models become numerically cumbersome for practical size problems and difficult to solve. In this article, a novel mathematical formulation and an efficient solution algorithm are proposed for solving RCSPs. Then, this framework is used for solving a practical problem in the context of the construction industry.
Critical Success Factors of Enterprise Data Analytics and Visualization Ecosystem
Authors: Daradkeh Mohammad
Published: June 2019

With the huge proliferation of Big Data, combined with the increasing demand for analytics-driven decision-making, the data analytics and visualization (DAV) ecosystem is increasingly becoming a trending practice that many enterprises are adopting to gain actionable insights from corporate data for effective decision-making. Although DAV platforms have tremendous benefits, extant research has paid insufficient attention to the investigation of the critical success factors (CSFs) underpinning their successful implementation in enterprises. In order to bridge this knowledge gap, this study presents an integrative framework synthesizing a set of CSFs for implementing DAV platforms in enterprises. A qualitative research methodology, comprising semi-structured interviews with IT and business analysts, was conducted to collect and analyze the interview data. Analysis of results revealed that the CSFs of DAV implementation exist in various dimensions composed of organizational, technological, process, and people perspectives. This study provides several theoretical and practical implications.
Understanding the Factors Affecting the Adoption of Project Portfolio Management Software Through Topic Modeling of Online Software Reviews
Authors: Daradkeh Mohammad
Published: June 2019

Whilst a broad range of project portfolio management (PPM) tools is developed to enable and automate the PPM processes, there is a limited understanding of the factors affecting their adoption and deployment in organizations. This research presents a systematic approach that integrates the topic modeling with technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework to identify the salient factors affecting the adoption of PPM software from online software reviews. The proposed approach consists of four main steps: reviews collection and preprocessing, factors prediction, factors ranking, and factors integration into TOE framework. The online software reviews used in this study were gathered from Gartner and included 877 reviews for 13 widely used PPM software tools. The results of this research revealed that several factors could affect the adoption decision of PPM software in organizations. These results provide several theoretical and practical implications, and thus should help both researchers and practitioners in the deployment of more user-accepted PPM software and practices.
A Linguistic Exploration of Indigenous Languages Adverts
Authors: Jongore Magret , Phaahla Pinkie , Masubelele Rose
Published: June 2019

This article analyses the language of two SABC 1 isiNdebele TV Adverts with English translations. The indigenous languages adverts are analysed using a critical discourse approach (hereafter CDA). Adverts the world over, it has been observed, are best understood in the major languages of commerce, usually English. This article proffers an analysis of the advert as any text that has permeated unequal power relations, ideological inclinations and manipulative aspects. Thus, the analysis of the target adverts looks at how the structure and substance of adverts have been translated and transmuted to be understood in the language of the advert but achieving the major drive of adverts in general. This article argues that text can be realised linguistically as well as visually and analysis is instituted to bring to the fore the form, structure, and effect of the text.
Evaluation of Catalysts Mordenite and MoO3/Mordenite in the Production of Biodiesel
Authors: do Nascimento Silva Fabiana Medeiros , Lima Erivaldo Genuíno , de Almeida Barbosa Tellys Lins , Rodrigues Meiry Gláucia Freire
Published: June 2019

The world's energy production is generated mainly from fossil fuels, so it is important to develop fuels from renewable sources. Growing caution with the environmental impact imposes restrictions on emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels. With increasing human population and expanding economies in both developing and developed countries, there is an increase in energy consumption and production. The need arises to supply this high energy production with a renewable and reliable source fuel [1]. These facts have stimulated research by alternative sources for the development of renewable fuels. One of the most promising fuels is biodiesel, an alternative to petroleum diesel from high-quality renewable sources, which allows the replacement of fossil diesel oil without modifications to the vehicle's engine [2, 3]. In recent years, methyl esters of fatty acids derived from vegetable oil have gained considerable attention as alternative fuel [4, 5].
Characterization of Gypsum Waste from Civil Construction to Obtain Polymer Composites
Authors: Bartolomei Suellen Signer , Wiebeck Helio
Published: June 2019

This work aims to characterize the post-consumption plaster and compare it with virgin plaster. Burrs from plaster frames manufacturing were collected at the manufacturer. These samples were dried in a drying oven. Then, they were milled in a ball mill, until forming a fine and homogeneous powder. The samples were returned to the drying oven at three different temperatures, 100, 150 and 200°C, to define the best drying temperature, because the water removed in this process changes the structure of the semi-hydrated calcium sulfate gypsum into bihydrated. Then, vibrational Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to characterize the virgin plaster and the reused plaster, making it possible to know the structure and the groups present in the components.
Improvement of Thermal Stability of Cassava Starch Films from the Incorparation of Bentonite Clay
Authors: Monteiro Mayra Keroly Sales , Oliveira Victor Rafael Leal , Santos Francisco Klebson Gomes , Barros Neto Eduardo Lins , de Lima Leite Ricardo Henrique , Mendes Aroucha Edna Maria , de Oliveira Silva Karyn Nathallye
Published: June 2019

This study considered the effect of modified and unmodified bentonite clay on the thermal properties of films based on cassava starch. The bentonite clay was modified in the presence of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The attainment of exfoliated or intercalated nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform by infrared radiation (FTIR). In XRD, it was verified that the cassava starch dispersed the modified clay in an exfoliated way and unmodified clay in an intercalated way. In the FTIR it was characterized that the cassava starch interacted more with the modified bentonite clay compared to unmodified. Finally, thermogravimetric curves showed the thermal property of the starch films concluding that the modified clay was the reinforcing material that contributed the most to the thermal stability of the cassava starch film, retarding its decomposition point, around 35oC , in relation to the pure starch film.
A case of cryptogenic pseudocirrhosis causing acute liver failure: when clinic and radiology work together
Authors: Finocchi Martina , Para Ombretta , Zaccagnini Giacomo , Corbo Lorenzo , Maddaluni Lucia , Giampieri Margherita , Blasi Eleonora , Ronchetti Mattia , Nozzoli Carlo
Published: June 2019

It is known that a wild spectrum of hepatic manifestations can be common presentations of metastatic breast cancer. Pseudocirrhosis pattern has been often described as almost always secondary to systemic chemotherapy and it is defined by morphological liver changes that mimic cirrhosis including capsular retraction, nodularity, parenchyma atrophy and caudate lobe, radiologically identifiable. Acute liver injury is an occasional complication in oncologic patients, and it outlines an organ failure when there is evidence of encephalopathy and coagulopathy (international normalized ratio >1.5) in the absence of pre-existing liver disease, with an illness of <26 weeks duration. The two most common etiologies are leukemia/lymphoma followed by breast cancer but also in this case, liver is involved almost always after chemotherapy, hormonotherapy or radiotherapy. Here we present a case of rapid evolving acute liver failure presented as cryptogenic pseudocirrhosis without any evidence of primitive breast cancer but an incidental demonstration.
Acute liver injury and anorexia nervosa: a case report
Authors: Pascolini Simona , Cevolani Michele , Lari Federico , Muratori Luigi , Lenzi Marco
Published: June 2019

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by restriction of energy intake leading to a significant decrease in body weight. While it is primarily a psychiatric disorder, numerous medical complications can occur. In this article we describe a case of a 25-year-old woman with a 12-year history of severe restrictive anorexia nervosa that was referred to the Emergency Service of our Hospital, transferred from a psychiatric institute, for severe weight loss, dehydration, and progressive increase in transaminases. During the hospital stay she developed an acute liver injury with an increase in transaminase level up to 40× the ULN. Infective and immunological causes of acute hepatitis were excluded. In the suspect of severe starvation acute liver injury, we performed a nutritional assessment and started parenteral nutrition. After 15 days of parenteral nutrition, she gained 2.5 kg of body weight and liver tests were drastically reduced and nearly normal.
In Situ Cellular Response Underlying Successful Treatment of Mucosal Leishmaniasis with a Combination of Pentavalent Antimonial and Pentoxifylline
Authors: Faria Daniela Rodrigues de , Barbieri Luiza Cenizio , Koh Carolina Cattoni , Machado Paulo Roberto Lima , Barreto Carolina Cincurá , Lima Clara Monica Figueiredo de , Lessa Marcus Miranda , Carvalho Edgar , Gollob Kenneth J. , Dutra Walderez Ornelas
Published: June 2019

Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is characterized by high production of inflammatory cytokines. Administration of pentoxifylline (PTX), an inhibitor of TNF-alpha, with pentavalent antimony (Sbv), has been successfully used as alternative treatment for refractory ML. Our study aims to investigate the in situ cellular response underlying the effectiveness of this therapy, by evaluating the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, cellular composition, and expression of cytokines and granzyme A in lesions from ML before and after treatment with Sbv alone or in combination with PTX. Our data showed no differences in the intensity of inflammatory infiltrate comparing before and after treatment, and comparing between different treatments. However, although the number and frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ cells were not different before and after treatments or comparing different treatments, frequency of CD68+ cells decreased after treatment with Sbv + PTX, but not with Sbv. This was due to a reduction in CD68+ TNF-alpha+ and not in CD68+ IL-10+ cells. The frequency of TNF-alpha+ cells was correlated with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate before treatment, but this correlation was lost after treatment with Sbv + PTX. Although the total expression of granzyme A did not significantly change after treatments, a clear trend of decrease was observed after treatment with Sbv + PTX. Interestingly, patients who took longer to heal, regardless of the treatment, displayed a higher frequency of granzyme A+ cells. Our data suggest that treatment with Sbv + PTX acts in CD68+ cells reducing the expression of TNF-alpha but not IL-10, resulting in more efficient modulation of the inflammatory response, accelerating the healing process.
Characterization of Plasmodium vivax pvmdr1 Polymorphisms in Isolates from Mangaluru, India
Authors: Tacoli Costanza , Gai Prabhanjan P. , Siegert Konrad , Wedam Jakob , Kulkarni Suyamindra S. , Rasalkar Rashmi , Boloor Archith , Jain Animesh , Mahabala Chakrapani , Baliga Shantaram , Shenoy Damodara , Gai Pramod , Devi Rajeshwari , Mockenhaupt Frank P.
Published: June 2019

India accounts for approximately half of the global Plasmodium vivax cases, but information as to the presence of chloroquine (CQ) resistance is scarce. In an observational study in Mangaluru, south-western India, of 116 vivax malaria patients analyzed, 89.5% (102/114) had cleared parasitemia on days two or three of CQ treatment. Two remaining patients presented on days four and five without parasitemia. One hundred eight isolates of these 116 patients were successfully sequenced for pvmdr1 polymorphisms. Eight non-synonymous polymorphisms but no wild-type isolate were detected. Ten pvmdr1 haplotypes were observed with mutations T958M and F1076L occurring in all isolates, whereas the candidate CQ resistance marker Y976F was present in one isolate only. Pvmdr1 polymorphisms were not associated with early parasite clearance. The high proportion of early parasite clearance and the virtual absence of pvmdr1 Y976F and of sextuple pvmdr1 mutants suggest that CQ in the study area is still sufficiently effective. However, the abundance of pvmdr1 mutations in the local parasite population warrants monitoring.
What sustaining heritage really does
Authors: Carman John
Published: June 2019

Increasingly across the globe, heritage agencies have taken on board the critique of heritage management enshrined in Smith’s (2006) argument about the dominance of an ‘authorised heritage discourse’ and the way this has been developed by other writers in the field. To this end, they are increasingly engaged in extending their work towards working with communities. This is highly commendable and contributes towards the sustainability of heritage as a category.

What gets lost in the debates about community engagement and involvement, however, is any consideration of the nature or role of the heritage agency as a type of institution; and yet an understanding of the role of these institutions in the process is essential if we are truly to break away from limited, top-down, highly managerial conceptions of what heritage is for. It is not just a matter of organisations doing what they do in a more inclusive manner; it is more than them moving from positions of authority to acting as facilitators. There needs to be a clear understanding by all involved in the heritage process – including those who work for institutions – of how institutions function in relation to the object of their attention and others who have an interest in that object.
Sensitivity of GNSS tropospheric gradients to processing options
Authors: Kačmařík Michal , Douša Jan , Zus Florian , Václavovic Pavel , Balidakis Kyriakos , Dick Galina , Wickert Jens
Published: June 2019

Abstract. An analysis of processing settings impacts on estimated
tropospheric gradients is presented. The study is based on the benchmark
data set collected within the COST GNSS4SWEC action with observations from
430 Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) reference stations in central Europe for May and June 2013.
Tropospheric gradients were estimated in eight different variants of GNSS
data processing using precise point positioning (PPP) with the G-Nut/Tefnut
software. The impacts of the gradient mapping function, elevation cut-off
angle, GNSS constellation, observation elevation-dependent weighting and
real-time versus post-processing mode were assessed by comparing the
variants by each to other and by evaluating them with respect to
tropospheric gradients derived from two numerical weather models (NWMs).
Tropospheric gradients estimated in post-processing GNSS solutions using
final products were in good agreement with NWM outputs. The quality of
high-resolution gradients estimated in (near-)real-time PPP analysis still
remains a challenging task due to the quality of the real-time orbit and clock
corrections. Comparisons of GNSS and NWM gradients suggest the 3∘
elevation angle cut-off and GPS+GLONASS constellation for obtaining
optimal gradient estimates provided precise models for antenna-phase centre
offsets and variations, and tropospheric mapping functions are applied for
low-elevation observations. Finally, systematic errors can affect the
gradient components solely due to the use of different gradient mapping
functions, and still depending on observation elevation-dependent weighting.
A latitudinal tilting of the troposphere in a global scale causes a
systematic difference of up to 0.3 mm in the north-gradient component, while
large local gradients, usually pointing in a direction of increasing
humidity, can cause differences of up to 1.0 mm (or even more in extreme cases)
in any component depending on the actual direction of the gradient. Although
the Bar-Sever gradient mapping function provided slightly better results in
some aspects, it is not possible to give any strong recommendation on the
gradient mapping function selection.
Behaviour of Dissolved Phosphorus with the associated nutrients in relation to phytoplankton biomass of the Rajang River-South China Sea continuum
Authors: Sia Edwin Sien Aun , Zhang Jing , Jiang Shan , Zhu Zhuoyi , Carrasco Gonzalo , Holt Jang Faddrine , Mujahid Aazani , Müller Moritz
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Nutrient loads carried by large rivers and discharged into the continental shelf and coastal waters are vital to support primary production. Our knowledge of tropical river systems is still fragmented with very few seasonal studies available for Southeast Asia for example, despite estimates that these systems are among the hotspots globally for nutrient yields. The Rajang river, the longest river in Malaysia, is a tropical peat-draining river which passes through peat-domes in the estuary and has mass discharge of organic matter into the South China Sea. Three sampling campaigns (August 2016, March 2017 and September 2017) were undertaken along ~ 300 km of the Rajang river to study both spatial and seasonal distribution of nutrients and its fate in the coastal region. The analyses for nutrients encompass both inorganic (i.e Nitrate, NO3−, Nitrite, NO2−, Ammonium, NH4+, Phosphate, PO4− (DIP) and Silicate, dSi) as well as organic (Dissolved organic nitrate, DON and Dissolved organic phosphate, DOP) fractions. It was found that DIP concentration was not seasonally influenced but was spatially different along the salinity gradient whereas DOP was both seasonally and spatially different. Both DIP and DOP exhibited non-conservative behaviour in the mixing. DIP was subjected to 57.78 % removal whereas DOP was subjected to 44.07 % addition along the salinity gradient towards the South China Sea. The bulk of the dissolved phosphate is from DOP (73.84 %), in which both DIP and DOP may have contributed to the phytoplankton biomass. Spearman’s correlations show that there was a switch in preference for DOP as compared to DIP depending on the concentrations of DIP or DOP due to seasonality. The main limitation in the Rajang River was assumed to be DIP based on the Redfield ratio. During the dry season, the NO3-N : DIP ratios were lower, which were ideal conditions for phytoplankton proliferation while in the wet season, the increased NO3-N : DIP ratios led to lower phytoplankton biomass. Overall, the Rajang River exports 0.12 t DIP mth−1 into the South China Sea which is relatively low as compared to other major peat-draining rivers in the world. At the current pace of deforestation and the projected intensification of rainfall in the region, this finding provides an important baseline of the inventory of DIP into the South China Sea. Our results also show that local variations are important to consider for future models and that the assumption/generalization of SEA as a nutrient hotspot might not hold true for all regions and requires further investigations.
Holocene ostracod assemblages from the Co To Islands, northeastern Vietnam
Authors: Niiyama Sota , Tanaka Gengo , Komatsu Toshifumi , Doan Hung D. , Nguyen Hung B. , Trinh Ha T. , Nguyen Minh T.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In this study, we investigated ostracod assemblages from the Co To Islands in northeastern Vietnam. We identified 77 ostracod species belonging to 46 genera in nine surface sediment samples and recognized three biofacies (I, II, and III) based on Q-mode cluster analysis. The dominant species of biofacies I and II were Aurila hataii, Loxoconcha japonica, and Xestoleberis hanaii, which commonly occur in seaweed beds from southern China to Japan. This is the first report on the ostracod assemblage from the open-sea area in northeastern Vietnam. We clarified that the ostracod assemblages in the Gulf of Tongking, including northern Vietnam, have a strong biogeographical relationship with East Asia seas. A new species, Loxoconcha cotoensis sp. nov., was described herein from the Co To Islands (http://www.zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/41d3fb9f-ae17-4215-82c1-0874a8bf1a30, last access: 3 June 2019).
Reassessment of long-period constituents for tidal predictions along the German North Sea coast and its tidally influenced rivers
Authors: Boesch Andreas , Müller-Navarra Sylvin
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The Harmonic Representation of Inequalities is a method for tidal analysis and prediction. With this technique, the deviations of heights and lunitidal intervals, especially of high and low waters, from their respective mean values are represented by superpositions of long-period tidal constituents. This study documents the preparation of a constituents list for the operational application of the Harmonic Representation of Inequalities. Frequency analyses of observed heights and lunitidal intervals of high and low water from 111 tide gauges along the German North Sea coast and its tidally influenced rivers have been carried out using the generalized Lomb-Scargle periodogram. One comprehensive list of partial tides is realized by combining the separate frequency analyses and by applying subsequent improvements, e.g. through manual inspections of long-time data. The new set of 39 partial tides largely confirms the previously used set with 43 partial tides. Nine constituents are added and 13 partial tides, mostly in close neighbourhood of strong spectral components, are removed. The effect of these changes has been studied by comparing predictions with observations from 98 tide gauges. Using the new set of constituents, the standard deviations of the residuals are reduced by 2.41 % (times) and 2.30 % (heights) for the year 2016. The new set of constituents is used for tidal analyses and predictions starting with the German tide tables for the year 2020.
Avaliações externas e a qualidade do ensino brasileiro
Authors: Ataides Fernanda Barros , Dos Santos Ivana , De Sousa Cecília Vicente , De Freitas Silva Anair Araújo
Published: June 2019

Nas últimas décadas, as políticas de avaliação têm assumido papel importante nas reformas educativas e, pela forma como vêm sendo compreendidas e aplicadas nas instituições escolares, geram impactos negativos no processo de ensino. Há supervalorização das avaliações em larga escala que se pautam em meritocracia, classificação, seleção e competitividade e resultam na perda de autonomia do professor. Responsabilizam-se os professores e as escolas pelos resultados obtidos, eximindo-se os estados de seus compromissos com a educação e induzindo o currículo. Além de serem limitados e contraditórios, os instrumentos adotados não conseguem avaliar o processo em sua totalidade. A partir dessas constatações, este estudo tem por objetivo desenvolver, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, uma abordagem teórica explicativa sobre a qualidade da educação brasileira na perspectiva das avaliações em larga escala, sob o ponto de vista de alguns pesquisadores do campo da avaliação. Concluímos que os métodos avaliativos centrados nas avaliações em larga escala continuam a oferecer uma educação empobrecida, pautada na memorização e no treinamento dos alunos.
 
Palavras-chave: Educação. Avaliações externas. Qualidade do ensino.
Implementação das políticas públicas educacionais no amazonas: os planos municipais de educação no contexto da inclusão
Authors: De Lemos Cátia , Matos Maria Almerinda De Souza , Batista Claudenilson Pereira
Published: June 2019

RESUMO
Este artigo se refere a um estudo bibliográfico e documental acerca dos Planos Municipais de Educação do Amazonas. A pesquisa visou conhecer os subsídios teóricos que norteiam as políticas educacionais com um aprofundamento nos planos atuais de educação nas três esferas governamentais no que se refere a compromissos com a educação inclusiva. Na literatura de Hoofling (2001), Mészaros (2005), Libâneo (2006), entre outros, foi possível encontrar alguns aspectos consonantes/dissonantes que conferiram o aporte teórico no que é concernente à aquisição do Direito à Educação para o segmento das pessoas com deficiência, transtornos globais do desenvolvimento e altas habilidades/superdotação4. Para atingir o objetivo proposto optou-se por uma pesquisa qualitativa com enfoque dialético, por considerar as políticas públicas educacionais de inclusão, quando efetivadas, um instrumento de transformação social da condição de excluídos à protagonistas das próprias histórias. Contudo, é um convite ao debate para desvendar se, na tentativa de contemplar parte das necessidades apresentadas pelo público-alvo em questão, os Planos Municipais pesquisados estão negligenciando o devido cumprimento dos princípios assegurados pela Educação Inclusiva no Estado do Amazonas.
Palavras-chave: Políticas de inclusão. Plano Nacional de Educação. Planos Municipais de Educação.
Perspectivas e desafios da formação continuada em atividades circenses no contexto escolar
Authors: Tiaen Marcos Sergio , Sambugari Marcia Regina do Nascimento
Published: June 2019

O artigo aborda parte da pesquisa que investigou o potencial educativo das atividades circenses, a partir da realização de uma formação continuada com professores de Educação Física que atuam no Ensino Fundamental, em escolas da rede municipal de ensino de Corumbá, localizada no extremo oeste de Mato Grosso do Sul, na fronteira Brasil/Bolívia. Partiu do pressuposto de que há um esvaziamento na formação continuada dos professores de Educação Física, bem como dificuldades de articulação dos conhecimentos desenvolvidos nos cursos de formação frente à realidade das situações vivenciadas na prática pedagógica, na escola. As contribuições das atividades circenses reforçam seu potencial educativo em instituições escolares, no entanto, como será que esse processo ocorre em outros contextos de educação continuada? Quem são os professores de Educação Física interessados em inserir as atividades circenses em sua prática pedagógica? Qual a contribuição das atividades circenses na formação continuada de professores de Educação Física? Com a realização da pesquisa ressalta-se a necessidade de contextualizar a formação continuada e o conteúdo do circo à realidade de trabalho dos professores, bem como o envolvimento coletivo da comunidade escolar.