bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between serum uric acid and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors and renal disorders among Shanghai population: a multicentre and cross-sectional study
Authors: Tao Min , Pi Xiaoling , Ma Xiaoyan , Shi Yingfeng , Zhang Yuzhen , Gu Hongwei , Chi Yongbin , Zhuang Shougang , Liu Na
Published: March 2019

Objectives

To estimate the current prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CRFs) and renal disorders across serum uric acid (SUA) quartiles, and evaluate the relationships between SUA and CRFs and renal diseases in Shanghai population.

Study design

Observational, cross-sectional study.

Setting

Data were obtained from the physical check-up of local residents at three hospitals in Shanghai.

Participants

Residents were invited to take part in a physical check-up and provided informed consent. Exclusion criteria were diseases that resemble cancer, hepatic disease, and other coexisting illnesses including autoimmune kidney diseases and renal artery stenosis, individuals treated with xanthine oxidase inhibitors, and those with incomplete information. There are 26 768 individuals in our study.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Hyperuricaemia was defined as SUA ≥7 mg/dL in men and ≥6 mg/dL in women or taking xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Subjects were divided into gender-specific quartiles. We estimate the prevalence of CRFs and renal disorders across SUA quartiles. The relationships between SUA and CRFs and renal disorders in both genders were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.

Results

There was a significant increase in the prevalence of major CRFs and renal diseases across SUA quartiles in a separate analysis among men and women (all p trend <0.001). After multiple adjustment, hyperuricaemia positively correlated with obesity (male OR=3.165, p<0.001; female OR=3.776, p<0.001), hypertension (male OR=1.341, p<0.001; female OR=1.289, p=0.006), dyslipidaemia (male OR=2.490, p<0.001; female OR=3.614, p<0.001), chronic kidney disease (male OR=7.081, p<0.001; female OR=11.571, p<0.001) and nephrolithiasis (male OR=1.469, p<0.001; female OR=1.242, p=0.041), but negatively correlated with diabetes mellitus (male OR=0.206, p<0.001; female OR=0.524, p<0.001). There was a stronger association between hyperuricaemia and clustered CRFs as well as chronic kidney disease in women than in men.

Conclusions

In Shanghai population, concomitant with the elevated level of SUA, the prevalence of CRFs and renal diseases was rising. Hyperuricaemia was significantly associated with CRFs and renal disorders, especially in women.
Palliative care and imaging utilisation for patients with cancer
Authors: Raghavan Kesav , Copeland Timothy P , Rabow Michael , Ladenheim Maya , Marks Angela , Pantilat Steven Z , O'Riordan David , Seidenwurm David , Franc Benjamin
Published: March 2019

Objective

This observational study explores the association between palliative care (PC) involvement and high-cost imaging utilisation for patients with cancer patients during the last 3 months of life.

Methods

Adult patients with cancer who died between 1 January 2012 and 31 May 2015 were identified. Referral to PC, intensity of PC service use, and non-emergent oncological imaging utilisation were determined. Associations between PC utilisation and proportion of patients imaged and mean number of studies per patient (mean imaging intensity (MII)) were assessed for the last 3 months and the last month of life. Similar analyses were performed for randomly matched case-control pairs (n = 197). Finally, the association between intensity of PC involvement and imaging utilisation was assessed.

Results

3784 patients were included, with 3523 (93%) never referred to PC and 261 (7%) seen by PC, largely before the last month of life (61%). Similar proportions of patients with and without PC referral were imaged during the last 3 months, while a greater proportion of patients with PC referral were imaged in the last month of life. PC involvement was not associated with significantly different MII during either time frame. In the matched-pairs analysis, a greater proportion of patients previously referred to PC received imaging in the period between the first PC encounter and death, and in the last month of life. MII remained similar between PC and non-PC groups. Finally, intensity of PC services was similar for imaged and non-imaged patients in the final 3 months and 1 month of life. During these time periods, increased PC intensity was not associated with decreased MII.

Conclusions

PC involvement in end-of-life oncological care was not associated with decreased use of non-emergent, high-cost imaging. The role of advanced imaging in the PC setting requires further investigation.
Case series of non-freezing cold injury: the modern clinical syndrome
Authors: Kuht James Alan , Woods D , Hollis S
Published: March 2019

Background

Non-freezing cold injury (NFCI) occurs when peripheral tissue is damaged by cold exposure but not to the extent of freezing. Historically, the phenotype of NFCIs sustained was severe, whereas today the spectrum of injury represented in the UK military predominantly comprises subtler injuries. The diagnostic challenge of recognising these injuries, both in the acute and chronic settings, can lead to mismanagement and subsequent morbidity.

Methods

We characterised a recent case series of 100 UK Service Personnel referred with suspected NFCI to a Military UK NFCI clinic. We characterised the acute and chronic phenotype of those diagnosed with NFCI (n=76) and made comparison to those who received alternate diagnoses (n=24), to find discriminatory symptoms and signs.

Results

The most common acute symptoms of NFCI were the extremities becoming cold to the point of loss of feeling for more than 30 min (sensitivity 96%, specificity 90%, p<0.001), followed by a period of painful rewarming (sensitivity 81%, specificity 67%, p<0.001). In-field foot/hand inspections took place in half of the NFCI cases. Importantly, remaining in the field and undergoing multiple cycles of cooling and rewarming after an initial NFCI was associated with having double the risk of the NFCI persisting for more than a week. The most common and discriminant chronic symptoms and signs of NFCI were having extremities that behave differently during cold exposures (sensitivity 81%, specificity 75%, p<0.001) and having abnormal pinprick sensation in the affected extremity (sensitivity 88%, specificity 88%, p<0.001).

Conclusions

A small collection of symptoms and signs characterise acute and chronic NFCIs and distinguish this vasoneuropathy from NFCI mimics.
An Energy Dynamic Control Algorithm Based on Reinforcement Learning for Data Centers
Authors: Xiang Yao , Yuan Jingling , Luo Ruiqi , Zhong Xian , Li Tao
Published: March 2019

In recent years, how to use renewable energy to reduce the energy cost of internet data center (IDC) has been an urgent problem to be solved. More and more solutions are beginning to consider machine learning, but many of the existing methods need to take advantage of some future information, which is difficult to obtain in the actual operation process. In this paper, we focus on reducing the energy cost of IDC by controlling the energy flow of renewable energy without any future information. we propose an efficient energy dynamic control algorithm based on the theory of reinforcement learning, which approximates the optimal solution by learning the feedback of historical control decisions. For the purpose of avoiding overestimation, improving the convergence ability of the algorithm, we use the double [Formula: see text]-method to further optimize. The extensive experimental results show that our algorithm can on average save the energy cost by 18.3% and reduce the rate of grid intervention by 26.2% compared with other algorithms, and thus has good application prospects.
Explore Deep Neural Network and Reinforcement Learning to Large-scale Tasks Processing in Big Data
Authors: Wu Chunyi , Xu Gaochao , Ding Yan , Zhao Jia
Published: March 2019

Large-scale tasks processing based on cloud computing has become crucial to big data analysis and disposal in recent years. Most previous work, generally, utilize the conventional methods and architectures for general scale tasks to achieve tons of tasks disposing, which is limited by the issues of computing capability, data transmission, etc. Based on this argument, a fat-tree structure-based approach called LTDR (Large-scale Tasks processing using Deep network model and Reinforcement learning) has been proposed in this work. Aiming at exploring the optimal task allocation scheme, a virtual network mapping algorithm based on deep convolutional neural network and [Formula: see text]-learning is presented herein. After feature extraction, we design and implement a policy network to make node mapping decisions. The link mapping scheme can be attained by the designed distributed value-function based reinforcement learning model. Eventually, tasks are allocated onto proper physical nodes and processed efficiently. Experimental results show that LTDR can significantly improve the utilization of physical resources and long-term revenue while satisfying task requirements in big data.
Unsupervised Learning of Multi-Sense Embedding with Matrix Factorization and Sparse Soft Clustering
Authors: Guo Fei , He Zhongshi , Li Liangyan , Xuan Jing
Published: March 2019

In the natural language environment, accurately inferring the meaning of a token according to its context is crucial to understanding a sophisticated expression. However, this is not easy for a machine. The traditional language models used to train distributed word vectors are often restricted by single-sense embedding. In this paper, we develop a model called MSCvec (Multi-sense Soft Clustering Vector) for word sense disambiguation of polysemy in context. We extract the features of individual words by the co-occurrence PPMI (Positive Pointwise Mutual Information) matrix, and decompose the matrix by NMF (Nonnegative Matrix Factorization) into low-rank representations of target words, which are used as the input of an unsupervised sparse soft clustering method called Sparse Fuzzy C-means (SFCM). We use SFCM to determine the global semantic space of words, and partition the subspaces of multiple senses of a polysemous word. We relabel candidate words by the negative average log likelihood, and train multi-sense embedding with extensional vocabulary by the fastText model. Compared with the traditional static embeddings, the result shows that NMF and SFCM design can improve the performance in word similarity and relatedness tasks as well as in text classification tasks of different types of text. Accurate semantic representation of MSCvec would be necessary to produce outstanding results.
Robust Instruments Position Estimation using Improved Kernelized Correlation Filter for Substation Patrol Robots
Authors: Yuan Jianying , Liu Jiajia
Published: March 2019

Substation patrol robots (SIR) play an increasingly important role in ensuring the safe operation of substations. The robust and precise position estimating of the instruments to be inspected on the images are a prerequisite for accurately detecting the target states or obtaining the target readings under all-weather environment. In order to achieve high location accuracy of instrument, this study proposed an improved kernelized correlation filter (KCF) algorithm for achieving robust instrument location on images for SPR. Firstly, multiple templates are selected for training KCF classifier parameters. Then, reliable SURF matching-point determination method is designed, and the regions including reliable matching points are selected as the candidate regions, so that the searching range is narrowed. Finally, for KCF response surface of each candidate region, Single-Peak Constraint (SPC) is designed for locating target and reducing mismatching rate. Furthermore, experiments are performed for validating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, in which four instruments mainly including lightning arrester monitor and transformer thermometer are selected. The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy of target localization than traditional SURF-based position estimating method.
Design Methodology of Ultra-Low-Power LC-VCOs for IoT Applications
Authors: Ghorbel Imen , Haddad Fayrouz , Rahajandraibe Wenceslas , Loulou Mourad
Published: March 2019

A design methodology of CMOS LC voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is proposed in this paper. The relation between components and specifications of the LC-VCO is studied to easily identify its design trade-offs. This methodology has been applied to design ultra-low-power LC-VCOs for different frequency bands. An LC-VCO based on the current reuse technique has been realized with the proposed methodology in 0.13[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process. Measurements present an ultra-low power consumption of only 262[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W drawn from 1[Formula: see text]V supply voltage. The measured frequency tuning range is about 10% between 2.179[Formula: see text]GHz and 2.409[Formula: see text]GHz. The post-layout simulation presents a phase noise (PN) of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dBc/Hz, while the measured PN is [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dBc/Hz.
Evolved Fuzzy NN Control for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Chen Tim , Babanin A. , Muhammad Assim , Chapron B. , Chen C. Y. J.
Published: March 2019

To guarantee the asymptotic stability of discrete-time nonlinear systems, this paper proposes an Evolved Bat Algorithm (EBA) fuzzy neural network (NN) controller. In the evolved fuzzy NN modeling, an NN model and linear differential inclusion (LDI) representation are established for arbitrary nonlinear dynamics. This representation is constructed by the use of sector nonlinearity to convert a nonlinear model to the multiple rule base of the linear model, and a new sufficiency condition to guarantee asymptotic stability in the Lyapunov function is implemented in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed method is an enhancement of existing methods which produces good results.
Analysis of FinFET-Based Adiabatic Circuits for the Design of Arithmetic Structures
Authors: Bhuvana B. P. , Bhaaskaran V. S. Kanchana
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the adiabatic logic called 2[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]–2[Formula: see text], which can operate with less number of transistors and high energy efficiency than the existing circuit styles. It is a dual rail logic operated by four-phase power clock (PC). The 2[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]–2[Formula: see text] adiabatic logic is capable of operating through a wide range of frequency from 100[Formula: see text]MHz to 1[Formula: see text]GHz. Relentless scaling of MOSFETs towards lower technology nodes results in short channel effects in addition to increasing higher leakage current issues. In this scenario, FinFET advantageously replaces MOSFET with its unique features of the elimination of the short channel effects encountered by the MOSFETs with its gate structure that wraps around the channel completely. It incurs that the lower energy consumption and the feasibility of designing energy recovery circuits using FinFETs are analyzed in this paper. Comparatively, the energy efficiency of FinFET-based 2[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]–2[Formula: see text] against the [Formula: see text] and Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic (PFAL) are analyzed. Simulation results also validate the robustness and efficiency of 2[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]–2[Formula: see text] adiabatic logic circuit under process parameter variations of FinFET technology. Complex adiabatic adders and multipliers taken as bench mark circuits have been designed using 32-nm FinFET technology node and the results validate the enhanced energy efficiency characteristics of 2[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]2[Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text] and PFAL designs.
A Novel Salp Swarm Optimization MPP Tracking Algorithm for the Solar Photovoltaic Systems under Partial Shading Conditions
Authors: Krishnan S. , Sathiyasekar K.
Published: March 2019

To extract the maximum solar power from the photovoltaic (PV) panel/array with the high conversion efficiency under partial shading condition (PSC), this paper discusses a new and an efficient maximum power point (MPP) tracking algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on the bio-inspired salp swarm optimization (SSO), and the algorithm forecasts the global MPP (GMPP) with the fast convergence to GMPP and high tracking efficiency. The SSO algorithm thus reduces the computational burden as encountered in whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm discussed in the various literatures. The modeling and simulation of the proposed SSO algorithm are done with the help of Matlab/Simulink software to validate the effectiveness to locate the MPP during PSCs. The simulation results prove that the proposed SSO algorithm exhibits a high PV power output with the tracking efficiency of more than 95% at the faster convergence rate to GMPP. The SSO algorithm is experimentally verified on the conventional boost converter under different shading conditions.
Palindromes in the free metabelian Lie algebras
Authors: Fındık Şehmus , Öğüşlü Nazar Şahi̇n
Published: March 2019

A palindrome, in general, is a word in a fixed alphabet which is preserved when taken in reverse order. Let [Formula: see text] be the free metabelian Lie algebra over a field of characteristic zero generated by [Formula: see text]. We propose the following definition of palindromes in the setting of Lie algebras: An element [Formula: see text] is called a palindrome if it is preserved under the change of generators; i.e. [Formula: see text]. We give a linear basis and an explicit infinite generating set for the Lie subalgebra of palindromes.
Long-range order in gravity
Authors: Papini Giorgio
Published: March 2019

Gravity-induced condensation takes the form of momentum alignment in an ensemble of identical particles. Use is made of a one-dimensional Ising model to calculate the alignment per particle and the correlation length as a function of the temperature. These parameters indicate that momentum alignment is possible in the proximity of some astrophysical objects and in Earth, or near Earth laboratories. Momenta oscillations behave as known spin oscillations and obey identical dispersion relations.
An approximation property for operator systems
Authors: Wu Wei
Published: March 2019

Motivated by an observation of Namioka and Phelps on an approximation property of order unit spaces, we introduce the [Formula: see text]-tensor product and the [Formula: see text]-tensor product of two compact matrix convex sets. We define a new approximation property for operator systems, and give a characterization using the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-tensor products in the spirit of Grothendieck. Thus, an operator system has the operator system approximation property if and only if it is [Formula: see text]-nuclear in a natural sense.
Ordinal definability and combinatorics of equivalence relations
Authors: Chan William
Published: March 2019

Assume [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be a [Formula: see text] equivalence relation coded in [Formula: see text]. [Formula: see text] has an ordinal definable equivalence class without any ordinal definable elements if and only if [Formula: see text] is unpinned.

[Formula: see text] proves [Formula: see text]-class section uniformization when [Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text] equivalence relation on [Formula: see text] which is pinned in every transitive model of [Formula: see text] containing the real which codes [Formula: see text]: Suppose [Formula: see text] is a relation on [Formula: see text] such that each section [Formula: see text] is an [Formula: see text]-class, then there is a function [Formula: see text] such that for all [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text].

[Formula: see text] proves that [Formula: see text] is Jónsson whenever [Formula: see text] is an ordinal: For every function [Formula: see text], there is an [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] in bijection with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Portfolio Investment with Options Based on Uncertainty Theory
Authors: Huang Xiaoxia , Wang Xuting
Published: March 2019

In financial markets, there are situations where investors have the future stock prices according to the experts’ evaluations rather than historical data. Thus, the estimations of the stock prices contain much subjective imprecision instead of randomness. This paper discusses a portfolio investment with options in such a kind of situation. Treating the stock index price as an uncertain variable, we build an uncertain mean-chance portfolio model based on uncertainty theory and provide the equivalent form of the model. Furthermore, we make a comparison of the optimal expected return between portfolio investment with options and without options. An important conclusion is reached: The portfolio investment with options produces a no less expected return than that without options. In addition, we make sensitivity analysis and get two vital corresponding results. As an illustration, a numerical example is presented as well. The numerical results reveal that the options should be considered in portfolio investment. And the call option with maximum exercise price is most valuable per premium cost with the same exercise date.
Research on Knowledge Discovery and Stock Forecasting of Financial News Based on Domain Ontology
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Zhao Minghui , Feng Zili
Published: March 2019

In the era of big data, how to obtain useful knowledge from online news and utilize it as an important basis to make investment decision has become the hotspot of industrial and academic research. At present, there have been research and practice on explicit knowledge acquisition from news, but tacit knowledge acquisition is still under exploration. Based on the general mechanism of domain knowledge, knowledge reasoning, and knowledge discovery, this paper constructs a framework for discovering tacit knowledge from news and applying the knowledge to stock forecasting. The concrete work is as follows: First, according to the characteristics of financial field and the conceptual cube, the conceptual structure of industry–company–product is constructed, and the framework of domain ontology is put forward. Second, with the construction of financial field ontology, the financial news knowledge management framework is proposed. Besides, with the application of attributes in ontology and domain rules extracted from news text, the knowledge reasoning mechanism of financial news is constructed to achieve financial news knowledge discovery. Finally, news knowledge that reflects important information about stock changes is integrated into the traditional stock price forecasting model and the newly proposed model performs well in the empirical analysis of polyester industry.
Research and realization of video target detection system based on deep learning
Authors: Fan Tao
Published: March 2019

The era of big data increases the number and scale of videos day by day, which brings challenges to video target detection. Improving the efficiency and speed of video target detection is of practical significance to image object detection and recognition. Deep learning has been a popular neural network with multilayer structure in recent years. By learning a deep nonlinear network structure, the generalization ability of complex classification problems is improved. In order to achieve higher processing efficiency and accuracy, this topic will study the latest achievements of machine learning method — deep learning — to realize target category detection. In the background extraction step, an improved meaning-based background extraction algorithm and an interest region extraction algorithm to reduce image pixels are proposed. The test results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance of video target detection
Born–Infeld-type modified gravity
Authors: Kruglov S. I.
Published: March 2019

We propose and investigate the modified Born–Infeld-type gravity model with the function [Formula: see text]. At different values of the dimensionless parameter [Formula: see text], the action is converted into some models including general relativity ([Formula: see text]), the Starobinsky model ([Formula: see text]), the exponential model of gravity ([Formula: see text]), and a model proposed in [S. I. Kruglov, Born–Infeld-like modified gravity, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 52 (2013) 2477–2484; S. I. Kruglov, Notes on Born–Infeld-like modified gravity, Astrophys. Space Sci. 361 (2016) 73] ([Formula: see text]). A bound on the parameters, [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm2, are due to local tests. The constant curvature solutions are obtained, and we found the potential, and the mass of the scalaron in the Einstein frame. The model describes the inflation of the universe. The de Sitter spacetime is unstable and a Minkowski spacetime is stable. We investigate the cosmological parameters and some critical points of autonomous equations.
Metal-Doped In2O3 Nanosphere Arrays with Enhanced Gas-Sensing Property
Authors: Zhang Xuanji , Deng Ni , Chen Xianjia , Yang Yanting , Li Jing , Hong Bo , Jin Dingfeng , Peng Xiaoling , Wang Xinqing , Ge Hongliang , Jin Hongxiao , Fang Jianfei , Xu Jiankang
Published: March 2019

In2O3 and metal-doped (Ni or Ce) In2O3 mesoporous three-dimensional (3D) nanospheres arrays were synthesized via nanocasting using mesoporous silica as hard templates. Effects of Ni or Ce doping on the structure, optical and gas-sensing properties of the In2O3 nanospheres were investigated. Both the undoped and the doped In2O3 nanospheres showed single-phase structure without any impurity. The nanospheres were about 20[Formula: see text]nm in size and they stacked closely to form rigid 3D mesoporous structure. A change in the value of optical band gap was observed upon metal doping. The room temperature photo luminescence behavior also showed some differences between pure and doped In2O3. Compared with pure In2O3 nanospheres, the metal-doped In2O3 exhibited superior response, fast recovery and good selectivity to ethanol. The enhanced gas-sensing properties might be related to the doping of metal ion and its effective contribution towards the oxygen vacancies, conductivity and crystallite size of the grains.
Amorphous Bimetallic Nanowires with High-Performance Microwave Absorption: A Case for FeCo Nanowires
Authors: Shen Junyao , Yao Yongtao , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong
Published: March 2019

Amorphous FeCo nanowires (NWs) with the average diameter of 120[Formula: see text]nm were successfully prepared with a magnetic-field-assisted (MFA) hydrothermal method. Rapid reaction time was adopted to obtain amorphous FeCo NWs, being checked by XRD and TEM. Tuning the stoichiometric ratio of Fe/Co content meets the optimal impedance matching under different absorption frequency, making both improved intensities and frequency ranges of microwave absorption. For example, under 3[Formula: see text]mm coating thickness, the reflection loss (RL) peaks of Fe3Co7, Fe5Co5 and Fe7Co3 NWs are [Formula: see text]25.88[Formula: see text]dB at 4[Formula: see text]GHz, [Formula: see text]19.06[Formula: see text]dB at 4.24[Formula: see text]GHz and [Formula: see text]21.98[Formula: see text]dB at 5.44[Formula: see text]GHz. The related efficient absorption bandwidths ([Formula: see text]10 dB) of Fe3Co7 NWs, Fe5Co5 NWs and Fe7Co3 NWs are 5.40[Formula: see text]GHz, 3.52[Formula: see text]GHz and 4.91[Formula: see text]GHz, respectively. It is ascribed to integrating enhanced dielectric/conductive losses, negligible damages from eddy current effect and good impedance matching for high-performance FeCo NWs absorbers. This work paves a new path on synthesizing bimetallic wire-like nanostructures for microwave absorption demands.
Nitrogen and Fluorine Dual-Doped Carbon Nanosheets for High-Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Jiao Chen , Zhang Zhong Jie , Chen Xiang Ying
Published: March 2019

Doping carbon materials with heteroatoms such as N, F is an effective approach to elevating the capacitive performance of supercapacitors. In this paper, nitrogen and fluorine dual-doped two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon nanosheets (PCNSs) have been fabricated by a straightforward template carbonization method, using trisodium citrate as carbon source and self-template, and ammonium fluoride as N/F dopants. The N/F-doped carbon samples are well characterized by a series of techniques and measured in a three-electrode system and two-electrode system, respectively. As a result, N/F-doped carbon has delivered large capacitance of 110[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 1[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] and high-energy density of 3.82[Formula: see text]W h kg[Formula: see text] at the power density of 0.5[Formula: see text]kW[Formula: see text]kg[Formula: see text]. It is also revealed that semi-ionic C–F bonds in PCNSs have enhanced electrical conductivity, hence, facilitating electron transport in the electrode. For comparison, ammonium chloride is used as sole dopant for producing N-doped carbon materials, whose capacitive performances are much lower than the N/F-codoped one, indicating the synergistic effect of N/F for capacitive improvement.
Spindle Spinel CoFeCoO4 Microparticles/rGO as an Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Catalyst
Authors: Wang Bowen , Tao Nian , Liu Junchen , Wang Hao , Du Yinxiao , Yang Hujiang , Wang Yonggang , Huang Kai , Zhang Ru , Lei Ming
Published: March 2019

The representative spinel-type materials AB2O4 (both A and B are transition metals) electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been investigated and significant improvements have been achieved in the activity and durability for ORR and OER in the alkaline solution. But CoFeCoO4 was not explored widely like ZnCo2O4 (or NiCo2O[Formula: see text] as the ORR electrocatalyst for its relatively complicated atomic site occupation. CoFeCoO4 has a typical cubic spinel structure with Co[Formula: see text] in the tetrahedron and Co[Formula: see text] and Fe[Formula: see text] in the octahedron. A mixture of Co[Formula: see text] and Fe[Formula: see text] in the B site makes the oxide have a wider overlap between transition metal 3d orbit and O 2p orbit, which can lead to an effective charge transfer in the rate-determining steps of ORR process and then enhance the ORR activity. The high electronic conductivity and specific surface area of rGO can accelerate charger transfer and provide more catalytic sites, which would contribute to a faster ORR process. In this work, the porous spindle CoFeCoO4 microparticles which were synthesized by hydrothermal technology, were assembled on the rGO surface to obtain the CoFeCoO4/rGO composite, which exhibited enhanced ORR activity and catalytic stability comparable to that of Pt/C. On the other hand, the OER catalytic activity of the prepared samples was also studied to explore the potential of CoFeCoO4/rGO as a bifunctional oxygen catalyst.
Tiny Basic Nickel Carbonate Arrays/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite for High-Efficiency Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Yu Zhengmin , Su Xiaoli , Wei Denghu , Yao Shu-Juan , Ma Huiyan , Zhao Hui , Pu Xipeng , Li Wenzhi , Wang Jie
Published: March 2019

3D structure composite made of tiny basic nickel carbonate arrays on the surface of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (G-NiCH) are prepared by the hydrothermal method. The specific surface area of the G-NiCH composites is twice that of single basic nickel carbonate, which is due to the tiny basic nickel carbonate arrays structure wherein each individual nanoneedle is about 20[Formula: see text]nm in length and 2[Formula: see text]nm in width. The G-NiCH electrodes display high-efficiency electrochemical performance with good specific capacitance (1230[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text]) and excellent stability (100% capacitance retention after 2000 cycles). This is attributed to the synergistic effect that reduced graphene oxide offer fast electron transmission path and basic nickel carbonate act as high effective active material.
Upper bounds for the sum of Laplacian eigenvalues of a graph and Brouwer’s conjecture
Authors: Ganie Hilal A. , Pirzada S. , Ul Shaban Rezwan , Li X.
Published: March 2019

Consider a simple graph [Formula: see text] of order [Formula: see text] and size [Formula: see text] having Laplacian eigenvalues [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be the sum of [Formula: see text] largest Laplacian eigenvalues of [Formula: see text]. Brouwer conjectured that [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]. We obtain an upper bound for [Formula: see text] in terms of the clique number [Formula: see text], the number of vertices [Formula: see text] and the non-negative integers [Formula: see text] associated to the structure of the graph [Formula: see text]. We show that the Brouwer’s conjecture holds true for some new families of graphs. We use the same technique to prove that the Brouwer’s conjecture is true for a subclass of split graphs (It is already known that Brouwer’s conjecture holds for split graphs).
The nanostructure of barium dititanate prepared by hydrothermal method
Authors: Rasheed Sarah L. , Al-Shakarchi Emad K.
Published: March 2019

The dielectric ceramic of barium dititanate compound BaTi2O5 had been prepared through the hydrothermal process by applying different parameters, such as pH-value, reaction time, temperature and pressure. The prepared powders were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The predominant phase was a monoclinic phase with lattice constants ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] Å), ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), and the unit cell volume (527 Å3). The surface morphology was demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). It exhibited the grains in spherical and elliptical shapes with high homogeneity. The shapes of nanostructure were analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The appearance of nanostructures like the nanoparticles and nano rods were found. The size of nanoparticles was in the range of 9–31[Formula: see text]nm, and size of nanorods was 32–37[Formula: see text]nm. The dielectric measurements were done by using LCR meter at different temperature and frequencies (10, 50 and 100[Formula: see text]kHz). It was clear that the Curie temperature had a high value up to (485∘C). The relative permittivity was partially changed for two prepared samples regarding high pressure and long reaction time, which were the main preparation conditions of hydrothermal method.
Density functional theory study of the effect of Vanadium doping on electronic and optical properties of NiO
Authors: Twagirayezu Fidele J.
Published: March 2019

The effect of Vanadium (V) doping on electronic and optical properties of NiO is discussed. Electronic and optical properties of a 32-atom supercell of V[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text]O [Formula: see text] obtained from first-principles calculations, performed within density functional theory (DFT), using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) with the Hubbard potential [Formula: see text] were studied and compared to those of a 32-atom supercell of pure NiO. From the electronic structure and complex dielectric function analysis, the V doping causes the reduction of the bandgap by inducing the localized V [Formula: see text] state in the NiO bandgap region, and the first optical transition for V-doped NiO occurs at a lower frequency than the one for the intrinsic NiO. The bandgap shrinkage to about 2 eV makes NiO when doped with V a potential candidate for visible light range application in photocatalytic applications. The resulting effects on refractive index, reflectivity, absorption, optical conductivity and loss function for V-doped NiO are compared to those of pristine NiO.
Adaptive Backstepping Control for Longitudinal Dynamics of Hypersonic Vehicle Subject to Actuator Saturation and Disturbance
Authors: Jia Zhiqiang , Li Tianya , Lu Kunfeng
Published: March 2019

In this paper, an adaptive backstepping control strategy is presented to solve the longitudinal control problem for a hypersonic vehicle (HSV) subject to actuator saturation and disturbances. Small perturbation linearization transforms the dynamics to a seconded‐order system at each trimming point, with total disturbance including unmodeled dynamics, parametric uncertainties, and external disturbances. The disturbance can be estimated and compensated for by an extended state observer (ESO), and thus the system is decoupled. To deal with the actuator saturation and wide flight envelope, an adaptive backstepping control strategy is designed. A rigorous proof of finite‐time convergence is provided applying Lyapunov method. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified in simulations.
Strongly Extreme Points and Middle Point Locally Uniformly Convex in Orlicz Spaces Equipped with s-Norm
Authors: Cui Yunan , Zhan Yujia
Published: March 2019

As is well known, the extreme points and strongly extreme points play important roles in Banach spaces. In this paper, the criterion for strongly extreme points in Orlicz spaces equipped with s-norm is given. We complete solved criterion-Orlicz space that generated by Orlicz function. And the sufficient and necessary conditions for middle point locally uniformly convex in Orlicz spaces equipped with s-norm are obtained.
Study of Single Phase Mass Transfer between Matrix and Fracture in Tight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Cao Renyi , Xu Zhongyi , Cheng Linsong , Peng Yuanyuan , Wang Yang , Guo Zhuoliang
Published: March 2019

In tight fractured reservoirs, oil in matrices is mainly explored due to mass transfer mechanisms during the pressure depletion process. In the modeling of mass transfer in fractured reservoirs using the dual porosity concept, the shape factor is the most important parameter and should be described accurately. However, the current shape factors are not suited for tight oil reservoir simulation because the characteristics of tight oil reservoirs are not taken into account. In order to solve this problem, a new mass transfer function for tight fractured oil reservoirs is proposed by introducing a new time-related correction factor which could consider not only the existence of the boundary layer in nano-microscale throats in tight porous media but also the heterogeneous pressure distribution in matrix blocks. In addition, special contact relations between matrix and fracture are included. The correction factor presented in this study is verified using the experimental data and numerical simulation results. Data analysis results demonstrate that the lower and slower the pressure propagation velocity, the longer the duration time of unsteady flow compared to conventional reservoirs. Therefore, in the calculation of mass transfer flow in tight oil reservoirs, the unsteady flow between fracture and matrix cannot be ignored.
Effects of Attachment of Plastic Aligner in Closing of Diastema of Maxillary Dentition by Finite Element Method
Authors: Yokoi Yukiko , Arai Atsushi , Kawamura Jun , Uozumi Tomoko , Usui Yohei , Okafuji Norimasa
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of attachment on tooth movement produced by a plastic aligner. Closing of a diastema, in which the maxillary right and left central incisors moved bodily, was simulated using a finite element method. Long-term orthodontic movements of the maxillary dentition were simulated by accumulating the initial displacement of teeth produced by elastic deformation of the periodontal ligament. The incisor tipped and rotated just after placement of the aligner irrespective of the attachment. After a sufficiently long time, the incisor was upright and moved bodily in the aligner with attachment, but the incisor remained tipped in the aligner without attachment. It was demonstrated that the attachment was effective for achieving bodily movement.
Acmella oleracea(L) R. K. Jansen Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish: AnIn VivoandIn SilicoAssessment
Authors: de Souza Gisele Custodio , Matias Pereira Arlindo César , Viana Muller Duarte , Ferreira Adriana Maciel , da Silva Ianna Dias Ribeiro , de Oliveira Monaliza Maia Rebelo , Barbosa Wagner Luiz Ramos , Silva Luciane Barros , Ferreira Irlon Maciel , dos Santos Cleydson Breno Rodrigues , Carvalho José Carlos Tavares
Published: March 2019

The plant speciesAcmella oleraceaL. is used in the north of Brazil for the treatment of a range of illnesses, such as tuberculosis, flu, cough, and rheumatism and as an anti-inflammatory agent; besides, hydroethanolic formulations with this species are popularly used as a female aphrodisiac agent. However, currently, there are no studies performed evaluating its effect on embryonic development. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of the hydroethanolic extract ofA. oleracea(EHFAo) on the reproductive performance (parental) and embryonic development (F1 generation) of zebrafish, at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200μg/L. Histopathology of parental gonads after 21 days of exposure to EHFAo reveals few alterations in the ovaries and testes, not impairing the reproduction; an increase of eggs deposition was observed in animals treated with EHFAo at the highest concentrations. Nevertheless, concerning the embryonic development of F1, teratogenic effects were observed including tail deformation, cardiac and yolk edema, scoliosis, and growth retardation; these alterations were more prominent in the groups born from progenitors exposed to the highest concentrations (100 and 200μg/L.); but only the occurrence of yolk and cardiac edema had a statistically significant difference when compared to the control group. The chromatographic analysis shows that spilanthol (affinin) was the primary compound found in the EHFAo. Hence,in silicoassessment was performed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of this molecule and 37 metabolites derived from it. Overall, our data show that the treatment caused no detrimental changes in progenitors regarding their gonads or fertility but caused some potentially teratogenic activity in embryos, which may be due to the action of spilanthol’s metabolites M3, M6, M7, M8, M16, M28, and M31.
Effect of the Interaction between Cavities and Flaws on Rock Mechanical Properties under Uniaxial Compression
Authors: Li Jianwang , Zhou Yu , Sun Wei , Sun Zheng
Published: March 2019

Cavities and flaws are common types of defects in rock specimens that have an important impact on the mechanical properties of rockmass. In this paper, cement mortar was used to prefabricate a rock-like specimen with two cavities and a single flaw, and the uniaxial compression test was carried out. The process of fracture evolution on the specimen surface was obtained by using photography technology. The evolution regularity of a fracture was monitored by utilizing acoustic emission (AE) technology during the process of the specimen failure. Moreover, three-dimensional (3D) tomograms of specimens after uniaxial compression were obtained by using computerized tomography (CT) scanning technology, investigating the development characteristics of microcracks and the distribution of the final macrofractures. The particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC2D) program was used to simulate the mechanical behavior of brittle rock combining with microcrack propagation. The calculated stress-strain curve, AE features, and fracture distribution of the specimen obtained from the PFC2D simulation were relatively consistent with the experimental results.
Design and Testing of Dual-Targeted Gd3N@C80-Containing Glioblastoma Theranostics
Authors: Tedla Getachew , Plotkin Jesse , Dellinger Anthony , Kepley Christopher
Published: March 2019

The majority of the malignant brain tumors are gliomas with glioblastoma being the most common and aggressive type. Due to its extreme infiltrative nature and higher occurrence frequency, finding new glioblastoma therapeutics and diagnostics is a high priority. In line with this, we previously synthesized a glioblastoma-targeting theranostic that images and delivers a therapeutic payload of doxorubicin (DXR) to human xenograft tumors. Herein, a dual-targeted theranostic is synthesized on the hypothesis that targeting multiple receptors would enhance delivery precision. Doxorubicin and endo-fullerene (Gd3N@C80) were encapsulated within liposomes and conjugated with transferrin (Tf) and lactoferrin (Lf). The hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and tagging with proteins of the Gd3N@C80- and DXR-loaded liposomes were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry analysis. As verification of efficacy, the Tf and Lf dual-tagged theranostic liposomes were able to significantly induce cell death compared to Lf monotagged theranostics.
A Nondisturbing Service to Automatically Customize Notification Sending Using Implicit-Feedback
Authors: López Hernández Fernando , Pérez Elena Verdú , Rainer Granados J. Javier , González Crespo Rubén
Published: March 2019

This paper addresses the problem of automatically customizing the sending of notifications in a nondisturbing way, that is, by using only implicit-feedback. Then, we build a hybrid filter that combines text mining content filtering and collaborative filtering to predict the notifications that are most interesting for each user. The content-based filter clusters notifications to find content with topics for which the user has shown interest. The collaborative filter increases diversity by discovering new topics of interest for the user, because these are of interest to other users with similar concerns. The paper reports the result of measuring the performance of this recommender and includes a validation of the topics-based approach used for content selection. Finally, we demonstrate how the recommender uses implicit-feedback to personalize the content to be delivered to each user.
Application of TLC for Evaluation of the Lipophilicity of Newly Synthetized Esters: Betulin Derivatives
Authors: Bober Katarzyna , Bębenek Ewa , Boryczka Stanisław
Published: March 2019

The problem of designing a new drug is nowadays very important for researches representing many branches of science. This work considers the usefulness of the analytical method such as thin-layer chromatography for the lipophilicity of newly synthesized compounds, betulin derivatives, which could be potential drugs with anticancer activity. The two mobile phases were used for the purpose of experimental determination of lipophilicity for mono- and diesters investigated. The first mobile phase consists of acetate and Tris buffer, whilst the second consists of 1,4-dioxane and acetate buffer. The value of the retardation factor was recalculation into the RM value, and then RM0 values were obtained by extrapolating acetone or 1,4-dioxane concentration to zero. The chromatographic data of lipophilicity were correlated with theoretically obtained values of ALOGPS, AClogP, miLogP, ALOGP, MLOGP, XLOGP2, and XLOGP3. The particular correlation equations were obtained. The cluster analysis was also used to find similarity between the esters investigated on the basis of the experimental or theoretical value of lipophilicity obtained. The good correlation between experimentally and theoretically calculated lipophilicity gives the possibility of prediction of this value on the basis of the correlation equation. On the basis of similarity analysis was stated strong connections between the structure and the value of lipophilicity, for both experimental and theoretical values.