bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven Capacity Planning for Vehicular Fog Computing
Authors: Mao Wencan , Akgul Ozgur Umut , Mehrabidavoodabadi Abbas , Cho Byungjin , Xiao Yu , Ylä-Jääski Antti
Published: February 2022

The strict latency constraints of emerging vehicular applications make it unfeasible to forward sensing data from vehicles to the cloud for processing. To shorten network latency, Vehicular fog computing (VFC) moves computation to the edge of the Internet, with the extension to support the mobility of distributed computing entities. In other words, VFC proposes to complement stationary fog nodes co-located with cellular base stations with mobile ones carried by moving vehicles. Previous works of VFC mainly focus on optimizing the assignments of computing tasks among available fog nodes. However, capacity planning, which decides where and how much capacity to deploy, remains an open and challenging issue. The complexity of this problem comes from the mobility of vehicles, the spatio-temporal dynamics of vehicular traffic, and the computing resource demand generated by varying vehicular applications. To solve the above challenges, we propose a data-driven capacity planning framework that optimizes the deployment of stationary and mobile fog nodes to minimize the installation and operational costs under the quality-of-service constraints, taking into account the spatio-temporal variation in computing demand. Through real-world experiments, we analyze the cost efficiency potential of VFC in long term and demonstrate that the performance loss of VFC is below $6\%$ compared to stationary deployment with equal network capacity. We also analyze the impacts of traffic patterns on the potential cost saving. The results show when the traffic density is higher, more operational costs will be saved in the long run due to more dense deployment of mobile fog nodes.
ON EDGE CACHING IN SATELLITE — IOT NETWORKS
Authors: Ngo Quynh , Phan Tran Khoa , Xiang Wei , Mahmood Abdun , Slay Jill
Published: February 2022

The implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) is mostly done through cellular networks which do not cover the whole world. In addition, the explosive growth of global Internet access demand introduces the need for integrating satellites with cellular IoT networks for coverage extension and backhaul offloading. Operating hybrid satellite-IoT (SIoT) networks, however, might incur excessive service latency and high satellite bandwidth consumption. To tackle these issues, edge caching technology has been considered in SIoT. This article reviews existing research on edge caching-based SIoT networks with illustrative performance evaluation. Various caching design criteria with a focus on two-tier cache-enabled SIoT are discussed. In addition, open research problems on edge caching in SIoT are identified as future research directions and opportunities.
Hypercubes clustering: a machine learning method for efficiently finding common sub-trajectories in spatiotemporal space and constructing trajectories models for prediction
Authors: Hsu Oscar LiJen
Published: February 2022

Common sub-trajectory clustering is to find similar trajectory segments. Existing clustering methods tend to overlook many of the relevant sub-trajectories; others require a road network as input; all are significantly slowed down considerably by large datasets. This study proposes a novel machine learning approach, called Hypercubes clustering. Hypercubes clustering transforms trajectories into a set of Hypercubes. This study further applies Hypercubes clustering to solving the Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) problem to show a practical use. ETA, which is used to predict the travel time of a given GPS trajectory, has been extensively used in route planning. Deep learning has been widely applied to ETA prediction. However, prediction tasks involve some challenges, such as small data size, low precision of GPUs, high training loss, and low accuracy. In the training phase, a trajectory model is established using historical trajectories. In the prediction phase, ETA is calculated according to the model. The software of this study for ETA prediction is named HyperETA. The performance of Hypercubes clustering was compared with that of grid clustering (i.e., constant time technique) in terms of memory usage, computational speed and compared with a state-of-art method, TraClus, by assessing their accuracy. The results of HyperETA are compared with a deep-learning-based ETA method, called DeppTTE. The experiment results show that Hypercube clustering can identify common sub-trajectories more swiftly and with less memory usage than grid clustering. The accuracy of Hypercube clustering and HyperETA is superior to TraClus and DeppTTE, respectively. A few problems associated with deep learning are discussed in this study.
Aerial Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enabled Terahertz Covert Communications in Beyond-5G Internet of Things
Authors: Tatar Mamaghani Milad , Hong Yi
Published: February 2022

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are envisioned to be extensively employed for assisting wireless communications in the Internet of Things (IoT).

On the other hand, terahertz (THz) enabled intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is expected to be one of the core enabling technologies for forthcoming beyond-5G wireless communications that promise a broad range of data-demand applications. In this paper, we propose a UAV-mounted IRS (UIRS) communication system over THz bands for confidential data dissemination from an access point (AP) towards multiple ground user equipments (UEs) in IoT networks. Specifically, the AP intends to send data to the scheduled UE, while unscheduled UEs may behave as potential adversaries. To protect information messages from the privacy preservation perspective, we aim to devise an energy-efficient multi-UAV covert communication scheme, where the UIRS is for reliable data transmissions, and an extra UAV is utilized as an aerial cooperative jammer, opportunistically generating artificial noise (AN) to degrade unscheduled UEs detection, leading to communication covertness improvement.

This poses a novel max-min optimization problem in terms of minimum average energy efficiency (mAEE), aiming to improve covert throughput and reduce UAVs' propulsion energy consumption, subject to satisfying some practical constraints such as the covertness requirements for which we obtain analytical expressions. Since the optimization problem is non-convex, we tackle it via the block successive convex approximation (BSCA) approach to iteratively solve a sequence of approximated convex sub-problems, designing the binary user scheduling, AP's power allocation, maximum AN jamming power, IRS beamforming, and both UAVs' trajectory and velocity planning. Finally, we present a low-complex overall algorithm for system performance enhancement with complexity and convergence analysis. Numerical results are provided to verify the analysis and demonstrate significant outperformance of our design over other existing benchmark schemes concerning the mAEE performance.
Fault-tolerant Soft Sensors for Dynamic Systems
Authors: Chen Hongtian , Huang Biao
Published: February 2022

Unpredicted faults occurring in automation systems deteriorate the performance of soft sensors and may even lead to incorrect results. In order to address the problem, this study develops three novel data-driven approaches for development of soft sensors. The three proposed soft sensors have fault-tolerant abilities. They are respectively called measurement space-aided scheme (MSaS), subspace-aided scheme (SSaS), and improved MSaS (IMSaS). As means to obtain more accurate results of soft sensors in the online phase, 1) MSaS constructs an optimal estimator of faults in the measurement space; 2) SSaS removes the influences caused by unknown sensor faults with the aid of a constructed subspace; 3) IMSaS is an improved version of MSaS, eliminating the influences of the past prediction error that may accumulate and affect the current prediction result. They are the output-driven fault-tolerant soft sensors because their implementations rely on system measurements only. Furthermore, performance analysis is also conducted to investigate the estimation errors. Both the sufficient and necessary conditions for these designs are provided, and illustrations of the effectiveness and feasibility of the three proposed fault-tolerant soft sensors based on two case studies are given.
Brain-Computer Interface using temporal- spectral features and neural network classifier
Authors: Cerf Moran , Wang Gan
Published: February 2022

We show that by extracting temporal and
spectral features from EEG signal and, following, using
neural network to classify those features, one can
significantly improve the performance of Brain-Computer
Interfaces (BCIs) in predicting which motor movement was
imagined by a subject. Our movement prediction algorithm
uses Sequential Backward Selection technique to jointly
select the temporal and spectral features, and a radial basis
function neural network for the classification. The method
shows an average performance increase of 5.96%
compared to state-of-the-art benchmark algorithms. Using
two popular public datasets, our algorithm reaches 91.73%
accuracy (compared to an average benchmark of 81.10%)
on the first dataset, and 88.78% (average benchmark:
82.76%) on the second dataset. Given the high variability
within- and across-subjects in EEG-based motion
decoding, we suggest that using features from multiple
modalities along with neural network feature selection and
classification protocol is likely to increase BCI performance
across various tasks.
An Omni-Directional Coverage Scheme for Terahertz Communications with Hybrid Beamforming
Authors: Jiang Wei , Schotten Hans Dieter
Published: February 2022

In order to achieve a unprecedented terabits-per-second (Tbps) data rate in the sixth-generation (6G) mobile system, wireless communications require far more bandwidth, which cannot be available under the current spectrum-usage paradigm. Therefore, the 6G system has to exploit the abundant spectrum in the high-frequency bands, i.e., millimeter wave and terahertz (THz) frequencies. However, high-frequency transmission heavily relies on high beamforming gain to compensate for severe propagation loss and to extend its transmission distance. A beam-based system faces a barrier in the process of initial access, where a base station must broadcast synchronization signals and system information to all users within its coverage. Hence, this paper aims to propose a novel omnidirectional coverage scheme for THz communications with hybrid beamforming. It provides an instantaneously equal gain over all directions by forming complementary beams over sub-arrays. Numerical results verify that it can achieve omnidirectional coverage with a performance that remarkably outperforms the previous scheme.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Siswa Lambat dan Cepat Belajar Kelas IV di SDN Kp. Bulak III Pamulang
Authors: Nurfadhillah Septy , Ishaq Adinda Rahmah , Annisa Miftah Nurul , Ragin Gestiana , Fauziah Rifdah , Williah Ade , Novianty Wulan , Sutisna Aldi
Published: February 2022

Pendidikan Inklusif merupakan system layanan pendidikan yang mengatur agar siswa dapat dilayani disekolah terdekat dikelas regular bersama teman seusianya. anak lamban belajar dikenal dengan istilah slow learners, backward, dull, atau borderline. Slow learner adalah siswa yang lambat belajar, sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama dibandingkan sekelompok siswa lain yang memiliki taraf potensi intelektual yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab siswa lambat dan cepat belajar. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui kegiatan observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara pada guru kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pedekatan deskriptif kualitaif. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang sudah dilakukan ada beberapa faktor yang melatar belakangi siswa dalam lambat dan cepat belajar.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Ditinjau dari Langkah- Langkah Polya Materi Bangun Ruang Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Alfiandari Lely , Alman Alman , Sahidi Sahidi
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita ditinjau dari langkah-langkah polya pada materi bangun ruang kelas VI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan Teknik pengumpulan data adalah tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling sehigga diperoleh peserta didik Kelas VI MI Sains Al-Hidayah dengan jumlah 6 orang. Analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik dalam kategori tinggi adalah mampu memahami masalah, mampu merencanakan penyelesaian, mampu menyelesaikan masalah, tetapi mengalami sedikit kesulitan dalam mengecek kembali. Kemampuan pemecahan kategori sedang yakni mampu memahami masalah yang diketahui dan ditanyakan dalam soal, kurang mampu merencanakan masalah, meskipun salah dalam melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian namun tidak melakukan kesalahan perhitungan, dan belum mampu dalam melihat kembali hasil penyelesaiannya. Sedangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah kategori rendah belum mampu memahami masalah, merencanakan penyelesaian, melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian dan belum mampu mengecek kembali hasil yang diperoleh. Kesimpulannya adalah kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita ditinjau dari langkah-langkah polya dianalisis dengan tiga kemampuan yakni Tinggi, Sedang  dan rendah.
In Memoriam: John Reed
Authors: St. Antoine Theodore
Published: February 2022

A tribute to John W. Reed.
Improving the performance of cast iron bushings of small-sized marine diesel engines
Authors:   Sanaev N.K. Alimov A.YU. Ahmedpashaev M.U.
Published: February 2022

An increase in the performance and wear resistance, a decrease in the running-in time of piston internal combustion engines of high-speed marine small-sized diesel engines by applying boron-containing coating and copper coating to the cylinder surface are considered. An processing unit was designed for applying pastes when boriding the working surface of the sleeve with laser heating.
Keywords: friction pair, internal combustion engine cylinder, piston sleeve, wear resistance, performance, surface roughness, running-in.
nurik909@mail.ru
Physical nature of metal fatigue at low temperatures
Authors:   Kabaldin Yu.G. Khlybov A.A. Anosov M.S. Kiselev A.V.
Published: February 2022

Mechanisms of fatigue failure of metals at low temperatures are considered. It is shown that, in this case, a feature of fatigue fracture is the processes of elastoplastic cyclic deformation, which are realized with an increased yield point and an increase in the thermal conductivity of metals. Localization of deformations and sliding of dislocations are preserved in thin surface layers along planes quite definite for a given material.
Keywords: low temperature, yield point, hardness, fatigue properties, failure mechanism.
uru.40@mail.ru
Providing of roughness during finishing with an edge tool having a small end cutting-edge angle
Authors: G.S. Jeleznov
Published: February 2022

The mechanism of roughness formation during processing with an edge tool is investigated. It was found that when machining with a tool having a small end cutting-edge angle, scratches are formed as a result of jamming of small chips between the workpiece and the blade in the area of its minor flank.
Keywords: finishing, cutting tool, cutting edge angle, built-up, chips, jamming, scratch, roughness, minor flank, sharpening to a point, high-speed cutting.
zgs1931@mail.ru
Teaching English Through Online Learning (A Literature Review)
Authors: Suputra Dwi
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the teaching strategy to be implemented on teaching English through online learning. The design of the present study is a literature review design. Related studies about strategies on teaching English through online learning were analyzed in order to be described in present study. The findings of this present study show that teaching through Learning Management System (LMS), video conference, instant messaging, and digital game could be beneficial strategies on teaching English through online learning. Each strategy has its own characteristics to be implemented in certain situation of online learning. Teachers could utilize various ICT applications which support the implementation of these strategies.
Use of Quizizz In Improving Students' Reading Skill
Authors: Pradnyadewi Diah Ayu Manik , Kristiani Putu Enik
Published: February 2022

Using various learning media in teaching reading are need to avoid the monotonous learning activities which make students easily bored. With increasingly sophisticated technological developments, teachers can apply the Quizizz application as learning media to improve students’ reading skill.  The Quizizz application has characteristics such as avatars, themes, memes, and music which are very entertaining in the learning process. At the time they play the game, actually they are reading a lot and learning to understand the meaning of the reading. In addition, the Quizizz Application also has timely feedback, a review section, and repeats tests and follows new quizzes.  This literature study reviews some papers in studying the implications of Quizziz and its advantages. The aim of this paper is to share the use of Quizizz Application in improving students reading skill. The findings of this study are expected can be an alternative learning media used by both teacher and students in supporting teaching and learning process in reading.
Effectiveness of YouTube as Learning Media in Improving Learners’ Speaking Skills
Authors: Kristiani Putu Enik , Pradnyadewi Diah Ayu Manik
Published: February 2022

In language learning, speaking becomes the evidence of students’ competence of the language that is learnt. However, students’ speaking ability can be inhibited by several problems that are faced such as lack of confidence, lack of vocabulary and grammar, and inappropriate teaching strategy. In this era, the developments of information and technology (IT) can be the solution of those problems. The development of technology seems to have many positive effects on education. Technology provides a variety of learning media that is fun for students. One of the technological developments that can be used as learning media is YouTube. YouTube provides various types of videos related to learning. In learning English, EFL learners can find various types of videos that can help the learning process. Therefore, YouTube can help learners to improve their language skill, especially their speaking skills. The aim of this paper is to explain the effectiveness of using YouTube as learning media in improving learner’s speaking skills
Motivation as Contributing Factor That Impacts Teaching Excellence in Learning
Authors: Dipa Putu Sora
Published: February 2022

Motivation is known as a dynamic and complex thing that provides an important role in learning related to success and failure. There are many factors that greatly influence the quality of teaching motivation. The quality of teaching will be important in the learning process in various ways in education. Education is an important part of the learning process. Commitment and sincerity are things that should be considered in shaping learning patterns to achieve improvement and change. One of the factors that can influence the learning process is motivation. Teaching motivation is usually influenced by a lot of knowledge and experience from someone so that the topic or information provided can be conveyed properly. This article will explain the various factors that can improve the quality of teaching motivation that influences education and learning.

 

Keywords: Education, Learning, Teaching Motivation
Teacher Challenges and Solutions in Teaching EFL Students
Authors: Putra Ida Bagus Yoga Buana Surya
Published: February 2022

The present study was aimed at identifying the EFL teacher challenges in teaching English, EFL learners’ problems in the classroom from teacher’s perspective, and the EFL teacher’s solutions for the problems exist in the classroom activity at SMK Negeri 1 Gianyar. A qualitative method was used to identify an EFL teacher challenges and solutions in teaching English. An interview was done through Google Form and WhatsApp chat with the participant. The results revealed that there are two main challenges faced by the teacher and four main challenges faced by the students based on the teacher’s perspective. Additionally, the study also revealed the teacher’s solutions for the challenges appeared during the English teaching process. Further, it is suggested for the teacher to use jigsaw strategy in teaching that will make the students take an important part in teamwork instead of without doing nothing in a group activity.
EFL Junior High School Students’ Learning Style
Authors: Ramaniya Made Ananda
Published: February 2022

The current study investigated EFL students’ learning style. The study was a survey study followed by 30 junior high school students in Singaraja Bali. In identifying students’ learning style, the updated Index of Learning Styles (ILS) developed by Felder and Silverman (1988) was used. The result of data analysis found that the majority of students prefer visual (76.7%), active (66.7%), sensing (60%), and global (53.3%). The result of this study implied that teachers should adjust their way of teaching to accommodate students’ learning style. They can apply various learning media such as video, animated pictures to motivate the students in learning.
Kecelakaan Kerja pada Pemulung di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sumompo Kota Manado
Authors: Wenas Asterlita Ryane , Doda Diana Vanda Daturada , Sinolungan Jehosua
Published: February 2022

Scavengers were the one of the informal workers who work in the landfill. Scavengers have a high risk of having work accidents. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of work accidents and factors related to work accidents among scavengers at the Sumompo landfill Manado city. This was a correlational analytic research with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted at the Sumompo landfill Manado city in January-February 2021. The respondents in this research were 110 scavengers. The research variables consisted of the independent variable (knowledge of personal protective equipment/ PPE, the action to use of PPE and the work time period) and the dependent variable (work accidents). The data obtained were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The results of this research showed that the respondents are most widely distributed on good knowledge (56.4%), bad actions (60%), long work time period (74.5%) and have work accidents (73.6%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the action of using PPE was correlated to work accidents (p = 0.024). The results of the analysis show that scavengers who have bad actions to use PPE are more at risk of having work accidents when compared to scavengers who have good actions to use PPE. That can be concluded that the prevalence of work accidents in scavengers is 73.6% and the action of using PPE was a factor associated with work accidents.
Tren Urban Farming Selama Pandemi Covid-19 dan Manfaatnya Terhadap Lingkungan dan Gizi Masyarakat
Authors: Afrah  , Alodia Anastasia Rouli , Sitompul Angela Olivia
Published: February 2022

Urban farming adalah suatu bentuk kegiatan komersial atau non-komersial yang berkaitan dengan produksi, distribusi dan konsumsi bahan pangan atau produk pertanian lainnya yang berlangsung di lingkungan perkotaan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literature review. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana tren urban farming pada masa pandemi Covid-19 serta manfaatnya bagi gizi dan lingkungan. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19, pemerintah Indonesia menganjurkan agar masyarakat Indonesia melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari di rumah, baik itu kegiatan bekerja maupun sekolah. Dikarenakan masyarakat menetap di rumah, trend urban farming menjadi pilihan yang diminati masyarakat selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan urban farming membawa berbagai manfaat bagi lingkungan dan gizi masyarakat. Penerapan urban farming dapat membantu menurunkan suhu di perkotaan dan menurunkan suhu pada bangunan sehingga penggunaan pendingin ruangan dapat diminimalisir. Beberapa penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa penerapan urban farming dapat menurunkan tingkat polusi udara. Selain itu, dengan praktik urban farming, manfaat bagi aspek gizi diantaranya adalah meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dan meningkatkan status gizi masyarakat.
Kualitas Hidup Remaja di Kotamobagu Sulawesi Utara pada Masa Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Buleno Irmawaty , Nelwan Jeini Ester , Runtuwene Joshua , Manampiring Aaltje Ellen , Ratag Gustaaf
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Quality of life is a measure to see an individual's health status comprehensively. Quality of life is assessed based on physical, psychological, social and environmental domains. Adolescents are one of the population that must be considered. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of life of adolescents in Kotamobagu, North Sulawesi during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Method: This is a quantitative research. This research was conducted in Kotamobagu in October-November 2021. The respondents in this study were 441 teenagers who were junior high and high school students. The factors analyzed are the general quality of life of adolescents and the quality of life based on the dimensions of physical, psychological, social and environmental health. The data obtained were analyzed univariately. Results: The results of this study indicate that the quality of life of adolescents in Kotamobagu is more than 80% in the moderate and poor categories. The results of this study also showed that the average score of the quality of life for adolescents was 56.95. When viewed based on 4 dimensions of quality of life according to WHOQoL, namely physical, psychological, social and environmental health. The average score for the physical health dimension is 50.12, the psychological dimension is 60.89, the social relationship dimension is 51.32 and the environmental dimension is 64.89. Conclusion: That can be conclude that the quality of life of adolescents in Kotamobagu is still problematic, especially in the dimensions of physical health and social relations.
Hubungan Pengasuh Anak dengan Perkembangan Personal Sosial Anak Usia 4 – 6 Tahun di Tk Aisyiah Kota Kupang
Authors: Yurissetiowati
Published: February 2022

Anak usia dini adalah anak yang berada pada rentang usia 0-6 tahun. Anak usia dini mempunyai perkembangan sangat pesat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sebesar 40% dari perkembangan manusia terjadi pada usia dini sehingga usia dini dipandang sangat penting dan diistilahkan sebagai usia emas. Perkembangan anak sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor keluarga. Terdapat banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan anak usia 4 – 6 tahun salah satunya adalah pengasuh anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengasuh anak dengan perkembangan personal sosial anak usia 4 – 6 tahun di TK Aisyiah Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional.  Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh anak usia 4 - 6 tahun di TK Aisyiah Kota Kupang tahun 2019. Sampel penelitian ini sejumlah 74 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi DDST. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi- Square . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengasuh anak memiliki nilai p-value > 0,05 (p-value = 0,604) yang artinya bahwa tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara faktor pengasuh anak dengan perkembangan personal sosial anak usia 4-6 tahun. Simpulan Tidak ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara pengasuh anak dengan perkembangan personal sosial anak usia 4-6 tahun di TK Aisyiah Kota Kupang
Current situation of sepsis care in Spanish emergency departments
Authors: Llopis-Roca Ferrán , López Izquierdo Raúl , Miro Oscar , García-Lamberechts Jorge Eric , Julián Jiménez Agustín , González del Castillo Juan
Published: February 2022

Objective. To describe the approach to the patients with suspected sepsis in the Spanish emergency department hospitals (ED) and analyze whether there are differences according to the size of the hospital and the number of visits to the emergency room. Method. Structured survey of those responsible for the 282 public EDs that serve adults 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. It was asked about assistance and management in the emergency room in the care of patients with suspected sepsis. The results are compared according to hospital size (large ≥ 500 beds vs medium-small <500) and influx to the emergency room (discharge ≥ 200 visits / day vs medium-low <200). Results. A total of 250 Spanish EDs responded (89%). Sepsis protocols are available in 163 (65%) EDs median weekly sepsis treated ranged from 0-5 per week in 39 (71%) ED, 6-10 per week in 10 (18%), 11-15 per week in 4 (7%), and more than 15 activations per week in 3 centers (3.6%). The criteria used for sepsis diagnosis were the qSOFA/SOFA in 105 (63.6%) of the hospitals, SIRS in 6 (3.6%), while in 49 (29.7%) they used both criteria simultaneously. In 79 centers, the sepsis diagnosis was computerized, and in 56 there were tools to help decision-making. 48% (79 of 163) of the EDs had data on bundles compliance. In 61% (99 of 163) of EDs there was training in sepsis and in 56% (55 of 99) it was periodic. Considering the size of the hospital, large hospitals participated more frequently as recipients of patients with sepsis and had an infectious, sepsis and short-stay unit, a microbiologist and infectious disease specialist on duty. Conclusion. Most EDs have sepsis protocols, but there is room for improvement. The computerization and development of alerts for diagnosis and treatment still have a long way to go in EDs.
Variation in phenolic, antioxidant and vitamin amounts among some medicinal plants and investigation by PCA analysis: Lamiaceae family
Authors:   Igdir University, Bozhûyûk Ayse Usanmaz , Kordali Saban ,   Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Gûnes Adem ,   Erciyes University, Beyzi Erman ,   Erciyes University, Turan Metin ,   Yeditepe University, Ersoy Nilda ,   Akdeniz University
Published: February 2022

Aromatic and medicinal plants are of great importance to determine the contents of the active compounds of plant origin and to evaluate them depending on variety and climate factors in order to determine the phenolic, antioxidant enzyme activity, vitamin contents in species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Examination of the characteristics of different species, the highest peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity, ascorbate peroxidase (AxPOD), total antioxidant (TA), malondialdehyte (MDA), caffeic acids (CA), vitamin C contents,and chloric acid (ChA) were obtained in the M. longifoliaspecies. The highest vitamin E and catalase (CAT) were determined in the S. hortensisspecies but the highest total phenolic (TP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chlorogenic acid (ChgA) were determined in the S. spicigeraspecies. As a result of PCA analysis, it can be said that Mentha longifolia(L.) Hudson and Satureja spicigeraspecies have significant value in terms of biochemical and phenolic content.
Optimizing the future of language teaching with technology in Japan.
Authors: Lavolette Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Pandemic-era teaching has taken many forms: online, face-to-face, hybrid, and hyflex, among others. In this article, I make four predictions for the future of language teaching with technology in Japan and provide my recommendations for optimizing this future.
First, I predict that online instruction will quickly fall back to pre-pandemic levels without interventions to prevent this. One area ripe for change is in virtual international experiences, such as online study abroad. Second, most institutions will adopt bring-your-own-device policies. Teachers will need more tech literacy to take full advantage of these devices. Third, institutions will recognize a growing variety of learning differences among students and rely on teachers to accommodate them. To support all learners, universal design will become standard. Fourth, although most instruction will return to the physical classroom, teachers will need to be constantly prepared to shift instruction online again. Emergency remote teaching will be inadequate.
To prepare to meet these challenges and optimize the outcomes, teachers need quality professional development. Although current offerings from our institutions are inadequate, CALL experts can help to fill some of the unmet needs. I encourage CALL experts to push for the future of technology in education that they would like to see.
Distancia recorrida mediante la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos en adultos mayores saludables entre 60 y 80 años
Authors: Chero Santos , Díaz Renzo , Quispe Jesús
Published: February 2022

El gran desafío de la salud pública en el grupo etario de 60 a 80 años es promover el mantenimiento de la funcionalidad. La OMS considera que entre 2000 y 2050 la proporción de los habitantes del planeta mayores de 60 años se duplicará, pasando del 11 % al 22 %. El Perú tiene más de 2,9 millones de habitantes mayores de 60 años, según cifras del Ministerio de Salud. Esta población ha aumentado en 39 % en los últimos diez años, y seguirá creciendo. Muchos realizan poca actividad física, es decir, son adultos sedentarios; por ello, importa conocer cuál es el comportamiento de los mayores de 60 años a través de la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos, información que constituye un instrumento que estima la capacidad funcional, y evalúa capacidad y tolerancia. Este procedimiento se ajusta a las necesidades de nuestro grupo de estudio, pues se trata de una prueba relacionada con el quehacer diario, de tipo submáximo, y que es posible que la realicen nuestros pacientes, al tiempo que nos ayuda a diseñar programas de entrenamiento de acuerdo a su condición. El objetivo fue determinar la distancia recorrida mediante la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos en adultos mayores saludables de 60 a 80 años, divididos por grupos etarios, en grupo I (60–70) y grupo II (71–80). Estudio descriptivo, de diseño observacional, en pacientes que acuden al programa de prevención en el adulto mayor. Muestra compuesta por 43 adultos mayores saludables de entre 60 y 80 años: 21 varones y 22 mujeres. Se realizaron dos pruebas. Se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS versión 18. En distancia media: 414,6± 88,8 metros, los hombres registraron una distancia recorrida promedio de 432,2 ± 75,7 metros, mayor que las mujeres, quienes registraron una distancia recorrida de 399,4 ± 97,9 metros. Los resultados obtenidos en la distancia recorrida mediante la PC6M muestran que los varones recorren mayor distancia que las mujeres, y la distancia disminuye conforme la edad aumenta. Se pueden diseñar programas de entrenamiento mediante caminatas respecto a tiempo y distancia.
The Erosion of Biodiversity and Culture
Authors: Deb Debal
Published: February 2022

The decimation of biodiversity at the species, genetic, and ecosystem levels as a direct consequence of the industrial resource use mode is well documented in human ecology and conservation literature. Not only wild biota but also domesticated crop landraces have been pushed to extinction by industrial land-use systems. The process of biodiversity erosion impinges on, and is augmented by, the decimation of local cultural elements, such as food cultures, the vocabularies of local languages, house architecture, and an inchoate appreciation of the non-use value of biodiversity, i.e., beyond its instrumental value. This process of biocultural erosion is evident in the district of Bankura, West Bengal, India, and this article collates evidence from over two decades of my research on the biodiversity and cultural elements of the region. The replacement of a traditional eco-centric ethic with an industrial ethic, and its consequent impacts on biodiversity and local cultural traditions in this region, is illustrative of the global process of biodiversity loss.
Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Experience of a National Referral Hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Stephanie Marini , Rahadiani Nur , Maulahela Hasan , Syaiful Ridho Ardhi , Handjari Diah Rini , Krisnuhoni Ening
Published: February 2022

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have variable biological behavior although they are all malignant. This study presents the 10-year prevalence along with the clinicopathologic characteristics of GEP-NETs and their association with tumor grade at a national referral hospital in Indonesia. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with GEP-NET confirmed by histomorphology and immunohistochemistry who presented to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2009 to 2019. Clinical characteristics included age, sex, primary site, tumor stage, metastasis, hormone status, and chief complaints. Pathological characteristics included the type of GEP-NET, specimen type, grade, and presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI). Statistical analysis was performed to determine the association between characteristics and tumor grade. A total of 84 cases of GEP-NET from 2009 to 2019 were included; of these, 38.1% were neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), 28.6% were neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), and 33.3% were mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN). The mean patient age was 48.36 years, and the male to female ratio was 1. GEP-NETs predominantly originated from the rectum (21.4%) and were mostly non-functioning (90.5%) with an average tumor size of 4.77 cm. Most tumors were localized (53.6%), but metastasis was found in 28.6% cases. LVI was positive in 35.7% cases. High-grade tumors were more common (54.3%) than low-grade tumors. High-grade tumors were associated with unknown primary sites, dissemination, LVI, and larger tumor size. To conclude, GEP-NETs can arise from any site in the gastrointestinal tract and have variable clinicopathologic characteristics. Primary site, stage, LVI, and tumor size are associated with grade.
Financial Impact of Large-scale Social Restriction Policy during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Entrepreneurs
Authors: Hadning Ingenida , Fauzi Amira Nur Alifa
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: The Indonesian government has issued large-scale social restrictions (LSSR) to reduce the spread of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). The implementation of LSSR included temporarily closing tourist attractions and places of business, which impacts the productivity of entrepreneurs.
AIM: This study aims to analyze the financial impact on entrepreneurs who undergo LSSR as an action to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus.
METHODS: This research was non-experimental observational research with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in June–July 2020 throughout Indonesia. Sampling was carried out using the accidental sampling technique by distributing the e-questionnaire within 30 days. The criteria for the respondents included entrepreneurs, male or female, aged 12–65 years, and willing to be respondents of this research. The instrument used in this research was the e-questionnaire. The data analysis method was descriptive analysis by calculating the average income before and during the LSSR and expenses before and during the LSSR. Furthermore, it was analyzed quantitatively to determine whether there was a decrease or increase in the two tested groups. The last analysis was the significance analysis between the two tested groups. The paired sample t-test method identified when the data were normally distributed or with the Wilcoxon method when the data were not normally distributed. This study obtained 177 respondents consisting of 84 males and 93 females. Three respondents were in the age range of 12–17 years old, 98 others were in the age range of 18–25 years old, 47 respondents were in the age range of 26–45 years old, and 29 respondents were in the age range of 46–65 years old. The most of the respondents underwent LSSR for 13–16 weeks.
RESULTS: The financial impact of this study showed that the average income before implementing LSSR was Rp. 12,803,719 ± Rp. 1,418,719; the average income during the LSSR was Rp. 9,826,836 ± Rp. 1,112,228; the average expenditure before implementing LSSR was Rp. 5,231,356 ± Rp. 620,250; and the average expenditure during the LSSR was Rp. 4,611,582 ± Rp. 530,767. The average decrease in income was Rp. 2,976,271 ± Rp. 471,786 (p = 0.00) and the average decrease in expenditure was significantly Rp. 619,774 ±Rp. 196,788 (p = 0.00).
CONCLUSION: Entrepreneurs in Indonesia who underwent LSSDR during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced a significant decrease in income and decrease in expenditure.
Socio-demographic and Behavioral Factors Relationship with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case-control Study
Authors: Maharani Rafiah , Karima Ulya Qoulan , Kamilia Kamilia
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is still a world health problem, especially in Indonesia. The prevalence of pulmonary TB has increased from 2013 to 2018. One of the factors that play a role in the spread of pulmonary TB is socio-demographic and behavioral factors. AIM: This study aims to determine the influence of behavioral and social demographics on the incidence of pulmonary TB. METHODS: The design of this study used a case-control study design to determine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and behavioral factors with the dependent variable, namely the incidence of pulmonary TB. The sample size of cases with controls is 1:1, cases consist of 60 respondents and controls 60 respondents. Data analysis using univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) analysis with alpha= 0.05. RESULTS: The socio-demographic factors associated with pulmonary TB are family income, employment status, and nutritional status. Behavioral factors that are related are knowledge, attitude, smoking, and history of contact with TB patients. The dominant factor that is most related to pulmonary TB is the behavioral factor, namely the knowledge variable p ≤ 0.001 odds ratio = 2.899 (95% CI 2.475–2.981). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that it is important to increase public knowledge about pulmonary TB with the participation of health workers and health cadres by providing information and education about the prevention of pulmonary TB in the community.
New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain
Authors: Torres-Garcia Daniel , Gené Josepa , García Dania
Published: February 2022

Penicillium species are common fungi found worldwide from diverse substrates, including soil, plant debris, food products and air. Their diversity in aquatic environments is still underexplored. With the aim to explore the fungal diversity in Spanish freshwater sediments, numerous Penicillium strains were isolated using various culture-dependent techniques. A preliminary sequence analysis of the β-tubulin (tub2) gene marker allowed us to identify several interesting species of Penicillium, which were later characterized phylogenetically with the barcodes recommended for species delimitation in the genus. Based on the multi-locus phylogeny of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA, and partial fragments of tub2, calmodulin (cmdA), and the RNA polymerase II largest subunit (rpb2) genes, in combination with phenotypic analyses, five novel species are described. These are P. ausonanum in section Lanata-Divaricata, P. guarroi in sect. Gracilenta, P. irregulare in sect. Canescentia, P. sicoris in sect. Paradoxa and P. submersum in sect. Robsamsonia. The study of several isolates from samples collected in different locations resulted in the reinstatement of P. vaccaeorum into section Citrina. Finally, P. heteromorphum (sect. Exilicaulis) and P. tardochrysogenum (sect. Chrysogena) are reported, previously only known from Antarctica and China, respectively.
Best Practices for Virtual Care: A Consensus Statement From the Canadian Rheumatology Association
Authors: Barber Claire E.H. , Levy Deborah M. , Ahluwalia Vandana , Mendel Arielle , Taylor-Gjevre Regina , Gerschman Tommy , Koppikar Sahil , Jilkine Konstantin , Stringer Elizabeth , Barnabe Cheryl , Aydin Sibel Zehra , Luca Nadia , Berard Roberta , Tam Keith , Burt Jennifer , Murdoch Jocelyne C. , Zinck Graeme , Lane Therese , Heeley Jennifer , Mannerow Megan , Mills Renee , Wilhelm Linda , Hartfeld Nicole M.S. , Ohata Brent
Published: February 2022

Objective

To develop best practice statements for the provision of virtual care in adult and pediatric rheumatology for the Canadian Rheumatology Association’s (CRA) Telehealth Working Group (TWG).

Methods

Four members of the TWG representing adult, pediatric, university-based, and community rheumatology practices defined the scope of the project. A rapid literature review of existing systematic reviews, policy documents, and published literature and abstracts on the topic was conducted between April and May 2021. The review informed a candidate set of 7 statements and a supporting document. The statements were submitted to a 3-round (R) modified Delphi process with 22 panelists recruited through the CRA and patient advocacy organizations. Panelists rated the importance and feasibility of the statements on a Likert scale of 1–9. Statements with final median ratings between 7–9 with no disagreement were retained in the final set.

Results

Twenty-one (95%) panelists participated in R1, 15 (71%) in R2, and 18 (82%) in R3. All but 1 statement met inclusion criteria during R1. Revisions were made to 5/7 statements following R2 and an additional statement was added. All statements met inclusion criteria following R3. The statements addressed the following themes in the provision of virtual care: adherence to existing standards and regulations, appropriateness, consent, physical examination, patient-reported outcomes, use in addition to in-person visits, and complex comanagement of disease.

Conclusion

The best practice statements represent a starting point for advancing virtual care in rheumatology. Future educational efforts to help implement these best practices and research to address identified knowledge gaps are planned.
La solitude des mourants au temps de la Covid-19
Authors: Bergeron Christian
Published: February 2022

La pandémie mondiale de Covid-19 a impacté plusieurs populations vulnérables, dont les personnes âgées. De fait, de nombreuses victimes de la Covid-19 ont été répertoriées, entre autres, dans des Ehpad ou des CHSLD (Québec). Certes, le virus tue davantage les personnes âgées, mais il a aussi mis en lumière les représentations contemporaines de la mort. Dans cet article, nous revisitons l’ouvrage La solitude des mourants de Norbert Elias afin d’explorer différentes transformations sociales qui s’opèrent en cette période de Covid-19. D’une manière précise, la longévité des personnes, les progrès des sciences médicales, la pacification des sociétés occidentales et enfin, l’importance grandissante du phénomène d’individualisation ont été fortement secoués par cette crise planétaire. Une réflexion s’impose sur les moyens sanitaires utilisés pour combattre le virus et d’une manière particulière sur les manières de vivre et de mourir au temps de la Covid-19.