bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Methanol Resistant Epoxy Coating
Authors: Liu Xiao Ping , Zheng Tian Liang
Published: March 2013

The thesis shows the impact of the epoxy resin system crosslink density on the coating’s methanol resistance. The oil absorption method critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC ) value and the dry film density method CPVC value were compared for the single pigment. The mixed pigments coating’s CPVC was calculated from the single pigment CPVC and compared with the experiment data. The methanol resistance of different relative PVC (λ) coatings was compared. The result showed that the coating with λ less and close to 1 revealed the best methanol resistance.
Preparation of Water-Based Anti-Graffiti Polyurethane Coating
Authors: Liu Hu , Zhu Hong Yan , Shang Qian Qian , Xiao Guo Min
Published: March 2013

In this study, water-based polyurethane coating with anti-graffiti property was prepared. The pot life and volatilization process of volatile matters of the coating were investigated. General properties of pencil hardness, flexibility, adhesion and impact resistance were tested. Along with the increase of anti-graffiti additive in coating formulation, the anti-graffiti performace of the resulted film was improved. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was also carried out to determin the roughness of the coating surface.
Synthesis of Two Novolac Type Epoxy Resin Curing Agents and their Application
Authors: Li Yan , Zhou Zhi Nan , Xu Xiao Yan , Xie Long
Published: March 2013

Two Novolac Resins Were Synthesized by the Reaction between Bisphenol A and Benzaldehyde (bis-BENR) or Bisphenol A and P-hydroxybenzaldehyde (bis-PHNR). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Were Applied to Characterize the Molecular Structure of Bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR). then the Two Novolac Resins Were Used as Curing Agent for Bisphenol A Type Epoxy Resin (DGEBA). the Curing Reaction and Curing Kinetics Were Studied by Dynamic FTIR and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Dynamic FTIR Showed that the Two Novolac Resins Reacted with Epoxy Resins and Formed a Crosslinking Network Structure. DSC Results Show that the Optimum Mass Ratio between DGEBA and Bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR) Was 7:3, under which the Curing Reaction Processed Completely. the Mechanical Properties and Sulfide Resistance of DGEBA/bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR) System Were Also Investigated. the Results Showed that when the Mass Ratio between DGEBA and Bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR) Was 7:3, the Curing Coatings Had Optimum Mechanical Properties and Sulfide Resistance.
Formation of Cr-Bearing Species in Stainless Steelmaking Dust by Induction Furnace
Authors: Fang Yi , Ma Guo Jun , Zhang Xiang , Wang Chen Hui , Kuang Bu Xiao , Yang Fu
Published: March 2013

Stainless steelmaking dust contains significant levels of Cr-bearing phases (typically 0.28~16.5%). In this study, stainless steel was produced in an induction furnace, dust generated during the smelting process is collected in order to classify dust formation mechanisms and effects of operation parameters of smelting process on the formation of Cr(VI) species in the dust. The results showed that approximately 60% of dust generated during stainless steelmaking process by induction furnace is due to entrainment of charge fines, about 30% of dust formed due to metal and slag splashing result in oxygen and argon injection, and only about 10% of dust are formed through vaporization from the melt bath. In addition, the Cr-bearing phases in the dust mainly generate due to slag and metal splash. It can increase Cr(VI) content in the dust by increasing the chromium content in the molten steel, the amount of slag former and temperature of molten. To accelerate the cooling rate during the sampling period will decrease the Cr(VI) content in the dust.
Enterprise Architecture Cybernetics for Global Mining Projects: Reducing the Structural Complexity of Global Mining Supply Networks via Virtual Brokerage
Authors: Kandjani Hadi , Wen Lian , Bernus Peter
Published: March 2013

This paper applies the emerging paradigm of Collaborative Networks (CNs) to the global mining supply chains (introducing the new concept of ‘global mining supply networks’) and demonstrates that the efficiency of the global mining projects initiated and managed by the global mining supply networks can be limited by the complexity of the supply network itself. This paper then presents methods and theoretical examples to calculate and reduce the structural complexity of the global mining supply networks and the complexity of creation of the global mining projects through applying the virtual brokerages to the global mining supply networks.
Numerical Simulation of Strata Behavior in Super-Long and Large Mining Height Working Face
Authors: Li Zhi Hua , Hua Xin Zhu , Zhu Ruo Jun , Zhou De Sheng
Published: March 2013

In order to study the strata behavior characteristics in super-long and large mining height working face, the FLAC-3D software was used to study the roof displacement and the abutment pressure distribution laws of working faces. The results indicate that: ① the influence range is larger of front abutment pressure in Liuzhuang coal mine 171301 super-long large mining height working face, and reaches to 60m. ② the maximum roof displacement increases with the increase of mining depth and working face length, the increase in magnitude decreases gradually, while the maximum roof displacement sharply increases due to the increase of mining height. ③ the peak abutment pressure increases with the increase of mining depth and mining height, the location of peak abutment pressure transfer to ahead of the coal wall. ④ the effect of working face length on abutment pressure is very feeble, so, the strata behavior characteristics remain almost constant with the increase of face length.
Source of Tinny Granite in Gejiu Tin Ore Deposit in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Li Ying Shu , Cai Yan , Chen Nan , Chen Jiao Jiao , Wang Lun , Zhang Yi Ke , He Da Qing
Published: March 2013

It had been believed that the genesis of tinny granite in Gejiu tin ore deposits were hydrothermal mineralization in granite of Yanshanian epoch by most researchers for a long time. However, according to the form, attitude and sulphur isotope in the ore of the oreboby, the authors believe the genesis of the tin ore deposit is relict body of granitic superimposed ore-forming of the Yanshanian epoch after the basic volcano ore-forming of the Indo-Chinese epoch. It’s proved that the form and attitude of the oreboby is basically consistent with the form and attitude of the basalt of the Indo-Chinese epoch. Because sulphur isotope in pyrite of the ore is from 0.21 per thousand to 4.4 per thousand, feature of source of the mantle sulphur isotope is reflected.
Study on Flotation Technology of Refractory Oxide Lead-Zinc Ore in Huize
Authors: Wang Shan , Fang Jian Jun , Mao Ying Bo , Wen Ya
Published: March 2013

Huize oxidized lead-zinc ore contains 1.53% Pb, 16.67% Zn, and the oxidation rate of lead reaches up to 95.07%, zinc is 85.27%, belongs to high-zinc but low-lead oxidized lead-zinc ore. According to the characters of ore, the technology that lead prior to zinc and desliming in oxidized zinc flotation has been adopted, as well as combined modifiers, ideal performance that grade and recovery of lead concentrate reaching to 51.61% and 62.54% respectively, and zinc concentrate reaching to 38.90% and 70.22% respectively has been obtained.
Using a New Bulk Flotation Process to Enhance the Recovery of Mineral Beneficiation in a Lead-Zinc Sulfide-Oxide Mixed Ore
Authors: Liang Yi Qiang , Zhang Xu Dong , Zhang Han Ping , Liu Mei Hua
Published: March 2013

The properties of a lead-zinc ore are investigated by XRD and SEM analysis methods. Results show that the ore assays 1.27 per cent Pb and 1.62 per cent Zn, mainly occurring in the form of sulfide minerals. Through lead and zinc phase analysis, it is known that the distribution of galena reaches 63.78 per cent, and that of sphalerite is up to 77.16 per cent. And the oxidation rates of lead and zinc will become much more serious as the depth of exploitation increases, which is a great trouble that the mine faces with. So how to improve the recovery of mineral beneficiation is an important means to enhance the economical benefits in the mine. Many tests work have been done to develop a new bulk flotation process to enhance the Pb and Zn recovery. Flotation results of the closed circuit test indicate that the Pb and Zn recovery from the new bulk flotation process can be increase by 10 per cent and 2 per cent, respectively, which makes very considerable benefit for the mine.
Analysis of Strength Safety of Perforated String Considering Detonation Parameters
Authors: Yang Xiang Tong , Zhang Fu Xiang , Li Ming Fei , Dou Yi Hua
Published: March 2013

The strength safety of perforated string is the premise of safety production of oil well test, detonation parameters of perforating charge is an important factor that affects strength safety of perforated string. On the basis of correctly calculating the detonation parameters such as detonation temperature, detonation heat, detonation volume, detonation pressure and detonation velocity, then adopting the related thermodynamic theory and analyzing the surge pressure of perforated interval, "pocket"of down hole and the packer, thus get the impulsive load of perforation moment and then according to Buckling theory of string to analyze the strength safety of perforated interval tubing string. Considering the fitting sex between the analytic method of the strength safety of perforated interval tubing string and the practical situation of real well cases is very good, and the result of analysis can reflect the state of strength safety of perforated interval tubing string at the moment of detonation, therefore this method can provide primary reference analysis data for the design of strength safety of perforated interval tubing string.
Precision Element Method for Free Vibration Analysis of Rotational Shells with Partial Viscoelastic Core
Authors: Lu Jing
Published: March 2013

Based on the elastic thin shell and layer wise theories, the first order differential matrix equation of a PCLD rotational shell is formulated. According to the principles of the finite element method and precision integration technology, a semi-analytical method, named precision element method, for the free vibration characteristic of a PCLD rotational shell is developed. Numerical results show that the present method is accurate and efficient.
Theoretic Analysis of the Effect of Carbon Dioxide Real Gas on the Performance of the T-Groove Dry Gas Seal
Authors: Hu Xiao Peng , Song Peng Yun
Published: March 2013

Dry gas seals have widely used in many centrifugal compressors and other rotating machinery. The gas performance of the dry gas seal is generally regarded as an ideal gas when the gas seal is investigated, designed, and operated. However some real gases performance may be quite different from the ideal gas when the gas pressure is high. In this paper, the carbon dioxide (CO2) was taken as an example in some T-groove dry gas seal, and the virial equation of state, which expresses the effect of real gas, was used, and the finite difference method (FDM) was adopted to solve the Reynolds equation of gas lubrication. The effects of real gas on the opening force (Fo) and radial leakage (Q) of the T-groove gas seal had been obtained. The results show that the seal performance (Fo, Q) will be underestimated when the real carbon dioxide is considered as an ideal gas. In calculation conditions, Fo and Q were maximum underestimated 4.16% and 19.25% respectively when Po was 5MPa and ns was variable and the real carbon dioxide was considered as an ideal gas; Fo and Q were maximum underestimated 7.48%, and 29.25% respectively, when ns was 3000r/min and Po was variable and the real carbon dioxide was considered as an ideal gas.
Study of Nitric Oxide Sensors Based on Nafion/Phosphotungstic Heteropolyacid/Polypyrrole Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Zhang Yan , Si Ya An , Dong Wen Na , Yang Tao
Published: March 2013

A Nafion/phosphotungstic heteropolyacid/polypyrrole modified glassy carbon electrode (Nf/PW12/PPY/GCE) was prepared in this paper. The electrochemical behaviours of nitric oxide at the Nf/PW12/PPY/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The experimental results indicated that the phosphotungstic heteropolyacid doped in polypyrrole film possessed obvious catalysis for the electroxidation of nitric oxide. In 0.1mol/L sulfuric acid, the anodic peak current of nitric oxide at the sensors linearly increased with nitric oxide concentration over the range of 1.0×10-7～2.5×10-5mol/L with a detection limit of 3.0×10-8mol/L. The Nafion layer modified on the surface of electrocatalyst could effectively eliminate the inferences from common species in biological samples such as ascorbate, uric acid and nitrite. The presented methods of determing nitric oxide exhibited high sensitivity and good reproducibility.
Business Intelligence as a Competitive Advantage on a Brazilian Chemical Industry in the Global Crisis of 2008, 2009 and 2010
Authors: Carvalho Tiago Vieira De , Sassi Renato José
Published: March 2013

From 2008´s to 2010’s a serious financial crisis forced many sectors to drastically review their production and sales plans. Sectors like the chemical industry were reorganized to deal with the challenging scenario found. The presence of Business Intelligence architecture does not mean that the organization really enjoys the best that this architecture brings. The push of Business Intelligence architecture usage was very important during this critical crisis moment to help on process standardization, data quality improvement and process automation. This article's objective is to demonstrate how the world crisis of 2008, 2009 and 2010 was a great opportunity to improve the usage of business intelligence architecture bringing benefits for a Brazilian chemistry industry.
A Genetic Threading Method with Combined Structure- and Sequence-Based Information
Authors: Gu Jun Feng , Wang Xi Cheng
Published: March 2013

A threading program based on genetic algorithm, is proposed for the protein fold recognition problem. Proper algorithm is designed in which genetic operators can be effectively implemented, and a more realistic energy model is adopted in this work. The performance of the genetic threading method is tested on a standard fold recognition benchmark, and the results show that the genetic threading method has good alignment accuracy and fold recognition ability. The analysis of the results demonstrates the rationality of our energy model.
Existence and Blow-Up Properties of Solutions for a Porous Medium Equation
Authors: Zhao Lin , Gao Yun Zhu
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a porous medium equation with nonlocal boundary condition and a localized source is considered. The existence and blow-up properties of solutions are obtained under some conditions.
Removal of Formaldehyde Using Mn-Ce-Fe Oxide Catalyst
Authors: Zhao Hai , Han Ke Jian , Tong Yao , Sha Xiao Qi , Li Yang Yang
Published: March 2013

Mn-Ce-Fe Oxide catalysts were prepared by a co-precipitation method using precipitants NH4OH. The catalysts were characterized by Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and BET study. It was found that the samples prepared with NH4OH as a precipitator show higher surface areas and sSubscript textuperior catalytic performance at room temperature. The catalysts would reduce substantially indoor formaldehyde concentrations in the present of airstreams.
Preparation and Characterization of Palladium-Gold/4A Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Mo Xian Zhong , Hu Hua Lin , Gou Ting , Sun Guo Song , Mo Bing Rong
Published: March 2013

Palladium-Gold(Pd-Au)/4A zeolite catalyst was prepared by using 4A zeolite as carrier and Pd-Au as active components. The structure of Pd-Au/4A zeolite catalyst was characterized by a combination of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The AAS testing showed that Pd and Au supported rate were increased up to the maximum 93.88% and 90.22% respectively at the ratio of Pd/Au=1.16. The SEM analysis results indicated that Pd-Au alloy particles of 4A zeolite catalyst can grown up and reunited obviously through before and after reaction. The XRD analysis results showed that diffraction peak of Pd(111), Pd(200), Au(111) and Au(200) became sharp gradually with the extension of reaction time, crystalline phase composition and grain size of catalyst became bigger gradually. The catalytic activity of the Pd-Au /4A zeolite catalyst was elaborated in vinyl acetate synthesis and the results showed that Pd-Au/4A zeolite catalyst has excellent catalytic activity.
A Comparison of Three Indophenol Blue Methods for Measuring Ammonium in Five Types of Soils in China
Authors: Gao Xiao Fei , Yang Yang , Liang Zhen Long , Zheng Juan Juan
Published: March 2013

Three indophenol blue methods have been used to analyze ammounium-N in five typical soils in China. Method I and II, using the same catalyst of sodium nitroprusside but different quantity and types of reagents, are suggested by Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) and Soil Science Society of China (SSSC), respectively. Method III adopts acetone as the catalyst. It was shown that three methods yielded similar ammonium-N contents with each type of soil. But the use of sodium nitroprusside resulted in higher experimental sensitivity; and Method II by SSSC was recommended due to its lower cost.
Synthesis of Polycarbonate Diol Catalyzed by Metal-Organic Framework Based on Zn2+ and Terephthalic Acid
Authors: Wang Li Ping , Wang Gong Ying , Wang Fan , Wang Pin Hua
Published: March 2013

Metal-organic framework based on Zn2+ and terephthalic acid (TPA) was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was then used as the catalyst for the transesterification between diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and 1, 6-hexandiol (1,6-HD) to polycarbonate diol (PCDL). Compared to Mg-Al layered double hydroxide, triethylenediamine, sodium ethoxide and sodium methoxide, it exhibits the highest catalytic activity for the synthesis of PCDL. Under optimal reaction conditions(n(1,6-HD)/n(DPC) = 1.2, w(catalyst) = 0.03%, 198 °C), the yield of phenol is up to 90.1% in the transesterification process, and PCDL with higher Mn and lower hydroxyl value can be synthesized
Synthesis of Substituted Phosphotungstic Acids and their Catalytic Performance on Cationic Polymerization of β-Pinene
Authors: Liu Zu Guang , Zhu Hua Long , Wang Shuo , Zhao Le Le , Lei Fu Hou
Published: March 2013

Substituted phosphotungstic acids containing manganese, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium were prepared, and their catalytic performance on cationic polymerization of β-pinene was also investigated. The experimental results show that the substituted phosphotungstic acids are mono-substituted and keep Keggin structure. The substituted phosphotungstic acids containing Mn or Cr exhibit similar catalytic performance as phosphotungstic acid, instead show bad properties if containing Mo or V. The yield of polymer is up to 44.3 %, and the average number molecular weight is about 1200, and molecular weight distribution index is 1.4.
Inhibitory Kinetics of Isooctyl 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxycinnamate on Tyrosinase-Catalyzing Reaction
Authors: Gong Sheng Zhao , Tai Xiao Xi , Yang Yun Er
Published: March 2013

The inhibitory kinetics of isooctyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate on the activity of monophenolase and diphenolase contained in tyrosinase was studied by enzymological kinetic method with Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer solution (pH=6.8) at 30 °C. Isooctyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate was found to inhibit the monophenolase and diphenolase activity of tyrosinase well. The isooctyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate concentrations leading to 50 % inhibitory rate (IC50) were 0.24 mmol/L for monophenolase and 0.45 mmol/L for diphenolase, much less than that of arbutin (IC50 =5.3 mmol/L for diphenolase activity). Isooctyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate could extend the lag time of tyrosinase for oxidation of L-tyrosine, 0.4 mmol/L of isooctyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate resulted in the extension of lag time from 1.1 min to 3.6 min. The inhibition kinetics of isooctyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots demonstrated a competitive inhibitor for the oxidation of L-DOPA, the apparent Michaelis comstant, Km, and the inhibition constant for inhibitor binding with enzyme, KI, were determined to be 0.45 mmol/L and 0.20 mmol/L respectively.
Decoloration of Azo Dye by Electrodeless Discharge in Water
Authors: Zhang Li , Sun Bing
Published: March 2013

The decoloration of azo dye (Methyl Orange, MO) by a electrodeless discharge was analyzed. The discharge was generated under and above the pinhole(s) of the insulating plate, which was used to separate the electrodes. The effects of hydroxyl radical scavenger (sodium carbonate) and TiO2 on MO decoloration were studied. The results show that the decoloration rate of MO can be decreased by adding the carbonate ions to the solution, but it will be increased by adding the TiO2. The UV-Vis and FTIR spectras show that the azo bond (-N=N-) of the MO is broken up by corona discharge, and the phenyl-rings is further opened to form small molecular compounds such as organic acid.
Immobilization and Thermostability Characterization of Cephalosporin C Acylase
Authors: Han Kai Hua , Luo Hui , Xie Yao Zhen , Yao Shun , Chang Yan Hong , Yu Hui Min , Li Qiang , Shen Zhong Yao
Published: March 2013

Some kinds of epoxy supports, LX1000-EP(C), LX1000-EP(D), LKZ-116, LKZ-118 and LKZ-126 were utilized to covalently immobilize cephalosporin C (CPC) acylase, the key enzyme in the one-step enzymatic process of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) production. After preliminary carrier screening, the immobilized CPC acylase with LKZ-118 as the support shows the highest activity (115 U/g) suggesting its potential application in industrial 7-ACA production. The conditions of CPC acylase immobilized on LKZ-118 to achieve higher activity and thermostability of the immobilized enzyme were optimized by adjusting pH value, buffer concentration, enzyme dosage and immobilized time. The activity of immobilized enzyme was found to be optimal at pH 8.5, in 0.85 M sodium phosphate buffer when the enzyme dosage was 500 U/g and immobilization time was 28 h.
Corrosion Behavior of API-5L in Various Green Inhibitors
Authors: Ayende  , Rachmanda Febbyka , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi , Priadi Dedi , Sulistijono S.
Published: March 2013

In pipeline constructions especially for oil and gas, corrosion is a natural phenomenon which cannot be avoided but can be reduced. There are many kinds of corrosion protection can be used in this area and inhibition is one of it. At present inhibitors used commonly from chemical kind. This kind of inhibitor is expansive and toxic. The knowledge of plant substances have opened a new era of inhibitors. Research has proved that inhibitor can be made from plants which are rich in antioxidant and tannin. This research is conducted to see the inhibition mechanism of several plants which are rich in antioxidant and tannin. The plants used as inhibitors in this research are: manikara zapota; garcinia mangostana l., and ipomea batatas. Corrosion test are applied to API-5L in produce water environment. The conclusions of this research show that it is possible to use plants as inhibitor and when it is used as inhibitor every plant has their own mechanism.
Experimental Study on SO2 and NOx Removal during Briquette Combustion
Authors: Qin Lin Bo , Han Jun , Mi Tie , Liu Long , Wang Hao , Yang Xiu Lin
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the desulphurization of coals prepared briquettes using lime based products (calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate) and sodium hydroxide as desulphurizing agents (DSA) was investigated in a vertically integrated experimental furnace. Meanwhile, the effect of sodium hydroxide on the denitrification was also studied. The results indicated that calcium carbonate as a DSA is more efficient for SO2 removal during the char combustion, whereas hydrated lime and NaOH are efficient in both char and volatile combustion. For most of the coals, the desulfurization efficiencies in case of lime hydrated reaches over 80 %, whereas desulfurization efficiencies is below 70% when calcium carbonate is used as DSA. It was also found that NaOH can be used as denitrifying agent as well as desulphurizing agent, and the maximum denitrifying efficiencies by using NaOH denitrifying agents for coal A and coal B are 59% and 54%, respectively.
Simulation Research on the Coke-Oven Gas Pressurized Desulfurization Process
Authors: Lv Jian Hua , He Xu , Yu Kun , Li Xue
Published: March 2013

After a research on the existing HPF process, this paper presented a new pressurized desulfurization process, which solved low desulfurization efficiency of HPF process and applied a more simple process. The new process was simulated and optimized on the process simulation software, the operating factors of tow columns such as flow of desulfurization solution, desulfurization tower pressure, stripping tower cold-hot feed match, flow of sour gas, side withdrawing position, are studied, the best operating condition was found. The results of simulation were in good agreement with the practice.
Esterification of Oleic Acid with Methanol Catalyzed by P-Toluene Sulphonic Acid/MCM-41
Authors: Gao Li Jing , Xu Wei , Xiao Guo Min
Published: March 2013

The p-toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA)/MCM-41 was prepared by impregnation method with self-synthesized MCM-41. The investigation of effects on PTSA solution concentration was investigated and the catalyst prepared with 0.1mol/L PTSA performed best. Oleic acid was chosen as a simulation of high-acid-value oil to esterify with methanol. The experimental results showed that PTSA/MCM-41 was a high active catalyst in esterification. The optimal condition was as following: the reaction temperature was 80°C, the methanol/oleic acid molar ratio was 5:1, the catalyst amount was 5% (wt. /wt.) of the oleic acid, and reaction time was 1h. Under this condition, the oleic acid conversion could reach 94.3%. The stability of the catalyst was very well for the oleic acid conversion can still maintain 92.8% after used four times.
GC/MS Analysis of Soluble Fraction by Microwave-Assisted Extraction with Acetone from Two Kinds of Coal
Authors: Ju Cai Xia , Li Feng Gang , Zong Zhi Min , Zhang Hong , Wei Xian Yong
Published: March 2013

Microwave-assisted solvent extraction of Yanzhou and Shenfu coal with acetone was carried out, and the extracts were analyzed by GC/MS. The results show that the extracts include aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes. Aromatic hydrocarbon naphthalene and alkylnaphthalene compounds appear mainly in the Yanzhou coal, while the arenes in extracts are dominent in Shenfu coal. A certain number of branched alkanes from the Yanzhou coal extracts were detected, while only one branched alkane was detected from shenfu coal extracts.
Immobilization of Lipase on MCM-41 Nanospheres: Exploring the Effects of Supports Morphology on the Lipase Immobilization
Authors: Zhang Wei Wei , Jia Shao Yi , Wu Song Hai , Hou Jing Wei
Published: March 2013

In this study, the effects of the supports morphology on the lipase immobilization were discussed. PVA-MCM-41 with perfect spherical morphology, which was synthesized in the presence of PVA, was introduced to compare with MCM-41 which is irregular in shape and aggregate seriously. The amount of lipase immobilized on PVA-MCM-41 was a little higher than that immobilized on MCM-41. However, the activity of the former is just around 50% of the latter. The lipase immobilized on PVA-MCM-41 exhibited well reusability and storage stability that it remained 27% of its original activity after using for 6 times and 44% after being stored for 33 days. To the lipase immobilized on MCM-41, it declined to 8% by using just 3 times and 35% after 33 days.
Crack Identification of Simple Beam via Wavelet Analysis of Vibration Modes
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Bo Lin
Published: March 2013

Based on the finite element theory, a method is proposed for crack identification of simple beam via the wavelet analysis of vibration modal parameters. A cracked simple beam is simulated using finite element method, and its modal parameters, including first three-order vibration modes, are obtained. Then, these modal parameters are analyzed via mexh and db wavelets. The crack location of the simple beam is identified by the maximum of wavelet coefficients, which validates the proposed method. This research may be useful in crack identification of simple beam structures.
Non Destruction Testing Method Applied in Bridge Engineering
Authors: Lu Yun Gang , Dai Li Chun
Published: March 2013

Common used Non Destruction Testing (NDT) technical is introduced. Combined with the bridge common damage problems and NDT present research situation and the current research trends, summed up the NDT detection contents used in bridge engineering. The NDT methods in theory study and engineering application development trends are forecasted. It will provide references for the research of NDT technology. Finally, modern sensor technology and wireless communication technology are suggested to be used in bridge NDT technology. Also the bridge health monitoring system is integrated into to provide the technical support for the bridge whole life design.
The Research of Strengthening Measures to the Space Type KK-Intersecting Nodes in the Steel Pipe Tower of Power Transmission
Authors: Kong Wei , Yin Ran , Zhang En Ming , Yin Peng
Published: March 2013

At present, the round steel pipe section is used more often in the transmission tower. This paper introduces the strengthening measures to the steel pipe node, which shows that ring-stiffener is a kind of very good strengthening measure. Then it is focus on the research of ultimate bearing capacity of the space type KK-intersecting nodes by the ANSYS finite element analysis software. Try to find the differences between the node with ring-stiffener and without ring-stiffener. Get the conclusions through the analysis and comparison, and provide a reference for practical engineering.
A NetSLab Based Hybrid Testing Program for Composite Frame Structures with Buckling Restrained Braces
Authors: Guo Yu Rong , Zhu Xiao Jing , Wang Zhi Mao , Zhang Zhong Xi
Published: March 2013

A networked structural laboratory system NetSLab has been developed for shared use of laboratory facilities and computing resources. The NetSLab consists of a network based communication platform and a series of hybrid testing programs. In this paper, a hybrid testing program for simulating seismic responses of composite frame structures with buckling restrained braces has been developed. The entire frame structure is simplified as a multi-degree-of-freedom model and only the relationship between story shear force and story drift is considered. The hybrid testing program consists of three types of modules, namely control center, physical tester, virtual tester. Control center organizes testing procedure and handles numerical integration. Physical tester and virtual tester generate restoring forces of substructures using actual testing equipment or numerical simulation. The substructure tested can be any continuous multi-story or a single brace taken from the entire frame structure. A serial port communication method is utilized to transfer request and feedback data between physical tester and the control computer of Popwil electro-hydraulic servo system. A series of virtual and physical hybrid tests of composite frame structures with buckling restrained braces under earthquake excitations were carried out. The results validated the reliability of the testing program.
Fuzzy Support Vector Machine for PolSAR Image Classification
Authors: Ke Hong Xia , Liu Guo Dong , Pan Guo Bing
Published: March 2013

Fully Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) image classification, with the complexity for its data’s scattering mechanism and statistical property, has expected to be performed by an automatic categorization. This paper presents a supervised method called Fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM), which is a variant of the SVM algorithm to classify the PolSAR image data. In order to take advantages of PolSAR data, five scattering features (entropy, total power, three Eigenvalues of Coherent Matrix: λ1,λ2,λ3) are input as original data space of the FSVM algorithm. The feasibility of this approach is examined by the JPL/AIRSAR PolSAR data. The classification results show that the proposed FSVM method has out-performed the SVM method.
Research on Temperature Stress of Annular Super-Long Frame Structure by Finite Element Method
Authors: Yang Zhi Yong , Zhao Liang , Zhang Peng , Xing Yu Xiang
Published: March 2013

The temperature stress calculation of multi-storey structure is very complicated. Many researches have been taken for the frame structures with rectangular plane, but very few references about annular plane. Based on the ANSYS program, the structure temperature effect of a multi-storey reinforced concrete frame which plane shaped like the elliptic is analyzed in this paper. The overall temperature load and concrete shrinkage equivalent temperature are considered in the analysis. The results reflect that curvature has an apparent influence on the temperature stress of annular super-long structure. Besides, the structure temperature effects are studied on both cases of the structure with expansion joint and without it, which shows that reasonable installation of expansion joint can decrease the temperature stress of annular structure. The influence of structure member rigidity on temperature effect is also discussed by changing the size of the section; all of these could offer reference for engineering design.
Sustainable Comprehensive Evaluation of Highway Construction Project Based on ANP-FCE Model
Authors: Hu Zhi Hua , Zhang Lei
Published: March 2013

Using Analytic Network Process (ANP) to determine the index weight of sustainable comprehensive evaluation of highway construction project and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) to evaluate synthetically，the ANP-FCE model is discussed. The method of sustainable comprehensive evaluation of highway construction project based on the ANP-FCE model is proposed, and the applicability in sustainable comprehensive evaluation of highway construction project is verified.
Efficiency of Adsorption of Wastewater Containing Uranium by Fly Ash
Authors: Li Shi You , Xie Shui Bo , Zhao Cong , Zhang Ya Ping , Liu Jin Xiang , Cai Ting
Published: March 2013

The effects of pH, different initial concentrations of uranium and adsorption time were investigated to study the properties of the sorption of uranium by fly ash. The results show that pH value is the major factor of dominating adsorption rate. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained at pH 5 and the adsorption time was 60 minutes. The increasing of initial uranium concentration resulted in the decreasing of U removal rate and the increasing of adsorption quantity, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 8.38mg/g. The adsorption behavior accorded with both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms.
Static Analysis on Integrated Building of Steel Structure with Wind Turbines under Equivalent Wind Load
Authors: Yang Ying , Chen Guo Ping , Guan Xiao Jun
Published: March 2013

More and more attention has been paid on the development and utilization of new energy sources, as the global energy crisis escalated. Combined with the concept of wind energy generation and High-raise steel structure, a new type of building structure is proposed integrating high-rise steel structure with vertical axis wind turbines. Static analysis under equivalent wind load of seven different wind pressures were carried out on two models, one with wind turbines and the other one without. The feasibility of this new structure was verified preliminarily by comparing analysis results.
Innovative Applications of Textile-Based Composites in Strengthening and Seismic Retrofitting as Well as in the Prefabrication of New Structures
Authors: Triantafillou Thanasis , Papanicolaou Catherine Corina G.
Published: March 2013

The authors review investigations which have provided fundamental knowledge on the use of a new generation of composite materials, namely textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) and textile-reinforced concrete (TRC), as strengthening and seismic retrofitting materials of existing concrete and masonry structures, as well as in the prefabrication of new reinforced concrete (RC) structural elements. In the first part of the paper, TRM are investigated as a means to provide confinement in concrete, to increase the deformation capacity of old-type RC columns subjected to simulated seismic loading, to increase the shear and flexural resistance of RC members and to increase the out-of-plane or in-plane strength of unreinforced masonry walls. In all cases, the effectiveness of TRM systems is quantified through comparison with equivalent fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) ones. It is concluded that TRM jacketing is an extremely promising new technique, which is expected to enjoy the attention of the research community and to be employed in numerous applications in the near future. In the second part, the paper gives a brief overview of the application of TRC in the field of advanced prefabricated systems, with a focus on stay-in-place (or permanent) formwork elements in hybrid construction projects. Along these lines, the paper provides experimental results on the behavior of TRC/RC composite beams and one-way slabs under flexure. The results indicate that the use of prefabricated TRC stay-in-place formwork elements is a promising solution for achieving reduction of the construction time, minimization of labor cost and defect-free finishing of external surfaces.
Experimental Investigation of Utilizing Industrial Waste and Byproduct Materials in Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM)
Authors: Wu Hao , Yin Jian , Bai Shu
Published: March 2013

Laboratory experiments were conducted in this study to investigate the suitability and applicability of incorporating fly ash, bottom ash and paper sludge with various contents into CLSM mixtures. Fly ash was used as a substitute for Portland cement, bottom ash was added by partially replacing fine aggregate, while paper sludge was treated as a fibrous admixture. Physical and mechanically properties of the CLSM mixtures were examined through flowability, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength tests. The test results indicated that both fly ash and bottom ash can be potentially used as basic materials for CLSM mixtures with desirable performances, and by limiting the amount of cement used in the mixture, the ultimate strength of CLSM could be easily controlled available for excavation. The strength of the CLSM mixtures were reduced to some extent by incorporating high content of fly ash, while they were significantly increased with high content of natural sand replaced by bottom ash. Due to the high water absorption of the paper sludge, the mixture with paper sludge added exhibited relatively low flowability, and it showed no benefits on enhancing compressive and splitting tensile strengths as common fibrous materials.
Study on the Standard Deviation for the Compressive Strength of Recycled Concrete
Authors: Zhang Xue Bing , Fang Zhi , Deng Shou Chang
Published: March 2013

Strength standard deviation determines the trial strength of recycled concrete, and it is vital to the mix proportion design and quality control of recycled concrete. But at present the data on the standard deviation for the compressive strength of recycled concrete is very little. On the basis of consulting extensive literatures, related data is summarized, and the values of strength standard deviation of recycled concrete are suggested, which can be for reference in the mix proportion design of recycled concrete.
Study on Bond Properties of Textile Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Tian Wen Ling , Zhang Li Min
Published: March 2013

Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) allows the light weight structures and offers a high effectiveness of the reinforcement by using continuous yarns. The study on the bond behavior between textile and concrete matrix is significant for the development of computational methods that analyze the textile reinforced concrete. The paper analyzes the bonding constitutive model of TRC and the bonding mechanism that the stress is transferred from fine concrete to textile, pointing out quadruple linear model can accurately reflect the bond behavior between fiber and concrete, illustrates the main influences on bond between the fine grained matrix and fabrics based on the pull-out test, the result reveals that with initial bond length increasing, the maximum pull force increases, and increasing concrete strength and improving workability of concrete matrix, epoxy resin impregnating and sand covering of textile as well as prestressing textile can increase the bond strength between textile and concrete. Finally the paper proposes that epoxy resin impregnating and 0.15 ~ 0.30mm sand covering of textile can be used as a practical method of improving bond properties in the engineering.
The Wind-Induced Response of High-Pier Long-Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Zhang Jia Wen
Published: March 2013

The fluctuating wind field is simulated for digital by using the AR method. A three-dimension finite element model of high-pier long-span rigid frame bridge is presented in this paper. Based on this model, the gust-induced static response of the bridge under the longest cantilevered construction stage is computed. By comparing with those of two similar span rigid frame bridges with low piers, the gust-induced response characteristics of the internal force under the bottom of the piers of the high-pier long-span bridges are investigated, which is helpful for the safe design of bridges. The buffeting responses of the bridge under the longest cantilevered construction stage are also calculated in the time domain, taking account of the longitudinal and vertical turbulence action. Through the spectral analysis of the response, the comfort index of Diekemann is obtained. The effects of buffeting response on the workers’ safety under the most unfavorable construction stage are discussed.
Assessment of Urban Road Traffic Safety Based on Bayes Discriminant Analysis Method
Authors: Wen Chang Ping , Tian Qing Qing
Published: March 2013

Bayes discriminant analysis theory (BDAT) is used to create an evaluation method to determine the condition of urban road traffic safety. The resulting Bayes discriminant model (BDM) is designed to strictly adhere to BDAT. Three indexes including death ratio per ten thousand vehicles, death ratio per hundred thousand bicycles and death ratio per hundred thousand citizens are selected as the factors in the analysis of urban road traffic safety. The grade of condition of urban road traffic safety is divided into three grades that are regarded as three normal populations in Bayes discriminant analysis. Bayes discriminant functions rigorously constructed through training a set of samples are employed to compute the Bayes function values of the evaluating samples, and the maximal function value is used to judge which population the evaluating sample belongs to. The optimality of the proposed model is verified by back-substitution method. The study shows that the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is 100% and could be used in practice.
Study on Methods for Deep Foundation Pit Supporting in Beijing
Authors: Tan Wen Hui , Li Cong Cong , Sun Hong Bao
Published: March 2013

Abstract. Slope supporting piles and enlarged prestressed anchorage was used to support the deep foundation pit in Beijing which is a complicated engineering and influenced by many factors that locating in the midtown of Beijing city and nearby the construction, traffic trunk and underground pipelines based on the hydrological datum and geological conditions through the specific analysis of the actual conditions, surroundings and geological conditions of the site. Then taking full advantages of the large resist pulling force of single anchorage, small displacement and high reliability of enlarged prestressed anchorage and ensures the engineering be carried out safely and successfully.
Analysis on Heat Transfer Intensity of Bamboo Structure Wall in Warm and Humid Environment
Authors: Long Ji Bo , Wang Ping , Li Yu Lou , Huang Si Yi
Published: March 2013

Based on the fundamentals of heat and moisture transfer in porous media, characteristics of heat transfer intensity of a bamboo structure wall are analyzed when the moisture content changes under the action of natural warm and humid environment. The results show that: when the moisture content changes, the effective coefficient of heat conductivity and specific heat capacity of bamboo both change, and physical parameters (e.g., heat transfer capacity, heat storage capacity, temperature distribution, attenuation coefficient of temperature wave, delay coefficient of temperature wave) all change accordingly. When the total moisture content of the wall increases, the temperature difference between inside and outside surfaces of the wall is reduced, and attenuation and delay coefficient of temperature wave both increase. All of these improve the thermal comfort of indoor environment, but the heat transfer capacity through the wall increases. If the total moisture content of the wall is constant and the moisture distribution along the thickness direction of the wall changes, the temperature gradient decreases and the heat storage coefficient increases in bamboo layer of high moisture content, and the temperature gradient increases and the heat storage coefficient decreases in bamboo layer of low moisture content.
Numerical Simulation of Polyurethane Strengthened Perforated Masonry Walls under Blast Loading
Authors: Guo Yu Rong , Zheng Hong
Published: March 2013

In order to investigate the explosion resistance performance of perforated masonry walls strengthened with polyurethane, nine numerical models with different layer number and different strip width of polyurethane are established in this paper. Deformation drawings and time history curves of displacement of the numerical models are comparatively analyzed. It is found that there are two failure modes, global failure and local failure, of strengthened masonry walls and the differences of failure patterns are significant between various types of strengthening method.
The Influence of Vertical Loads on Lateral Deformation of Steel Reinforced Concrete Column
Authors: Tian Jia Jia , Li Hong
Published: March 2013

The influence of vertical loads on steel reinforced concrete column is analyzed, based on the maximum lateral displacement of 2 different steel reinforced concrete columns under different vertical loads. The vertical loads, the section properties of the steel reinforced concrete column and horizontal loads are the influencing factors.
Shear Failure Behavior of Y-Eccentrically Brace in RC Frame Structures under Earthquake Action
Authors: Wang Da Peng , Yu An Lin
Published: March 2013

In order to study the mechanical characteristics and the shear failure behavior under earthquake action, a single-storey single-span RC frame structure strengthened with Y-eccentrically brace were designed and manufactured to be 1/3 scale. The pseudo-dynamic testing method was carried out under El-Centro earthquake action with different peak acceleration adjusted by Code for Seismic Design of Buildings in mainland China. The testing result indicates that RC frame structure strengthened with Y-eccentrically steel brace presents perfect seismic performance under strong earthquake action, at one time, the seismic performance maybe affected by the length of outsourcing steel at the joint between energy dissipation element of eccentric steel brace and RC frame beam. The joint should be considerably designed to make sure that shear failure can firstly occur in energy dissipation element.