bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy
Authors: Grzeszczak Konrad , Łanocha-Arendarczyk Natalia , Malinowski Witold , Ziętek Paweł , Kosik-Bogacka Danuta Izabela
Published: October 2023

Recent years have seen an increased interest in the role of oxidative stress (OS) in pregnancy. Pregnancy inherently heightens susceptibility to OS, a condition fueled by a systemic inflam-matory response which culminates in an elevated presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the circulatory system. The amplified OS in pregnancy can trigger a series of detrimental outcomes such as underdevelopment, abnormal placental function, and a host of pregnancy complications, including pre-eclampsia, embryonic resorp-tion, recurrent pregnancy loss, fetal developmental anomalies, intrauterine growth restriction, and in extreme instances, fetal death. The body’s response to mitigate the uncontrolled increase in RNS/ROS levels involves trace elements that take part in non-enzymatic and enzymatic defense mechanisms, namely, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se). Determination of ROS concentrations poses a challenge due to their short lifespan, prompting the use of marker proteins, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dis-mutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). These markers, indicative of redox stress intensity, can offer indirect assessments of pregnancy complications. Given the limitations in conducting experimental studies on pregnant women, animal models serve as valuable substitutes for in-depth research. This review delves into the mechanism of OS in pregnancy and underscores the pivotal role of markers in its evaluation.
Long-Term Impact of Dupilumab Treatment on Systemic Cytokine Profile in Atopic Dermatitis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elisyutina Olga , Byazrova Maria , Litovkina Alla , Smolnikov Evgeniy , Chernushevich Daria , Sukhova Maria , Mikhailov Artem , Kudlay Dmitry , Fedenko Elena , Ilina Nataliya , Filatov Alexander , Khaitov Musa
Published: October 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD), a T2 inflammatory skin condition, is widely recognized as one of the most prevalent chronic and recurrent skin disorders. One of the most effective therapy for treating moderate-to-severe AD is Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks both IL-4 and IL-13 signaling. At the same time, no comprehensive analysis of cytokines profile was made in AD patients undergoing Dupilumab therapy. The primary objective of our research was to examine the levels of main cytokines to better understanding systemic immune response in AD and to identify potential biomarkers of the effectiveness of Dupilumab treatment. AD patients demonstrated significant clinical improvements one year after initializing of Dupilumab therapy. We identified 16 cytokines that showed major difference between Dupilumab-treated patients and patients without Dupilumab therapy. Six cytokines showed correlation with AD severity and the efficacy of Dupilumab therapy. Jointly revealed cytokines could potentially predict the effectiveness of Dupilumab treatment and help to choose the precision target therapy in AD patients as well.
Some New Fractional Inequalities for Coordinated Convexity over Convex Set Pertaining to Fuzzy-Number Valued Settings Governed by Fractional Integrals
Authors: Saeed Tareq , Cătaş Adriana , Khan Muhammad Bilal , Alshehri Ahmed Mohammed
Published: October 2023

In this study, we first discover some new concept coordinated UD-convex mappings with fuzzy-number values. After that, we look into Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities via fuzzy-number-valued coordinated UD-convex fuzzy-number-valued mapping (coordinated UD-convex FNVM). In the case of coordinated UD-convex FNVM, novel conclusions are derived by making particular decisions in recently proven inequalities. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the recently discovered inequalities are expansions of comparable findings in the literature. It is important to note that the main outcomes are validated by nontrivial examples.
CHANGES IN RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BLOOD IN PATIENTS WITH RHINOSINUSITIS AFTER CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors:   Tashkent State Dental Institute, ISMOILOV ISKANDAR I. , SHAMSIEV DJAHONGIR F. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, VOHIDOV ULUGBEK N. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The study of the pathogenesis of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses is impossible without a comprehensive analysis of various factors of homeostasis and, above all, the state of microcirculation, which largely depends on the rheological properties of blood Under the law common to all forms of fluid movement, as the viscosity of the medium increases, the speed of movement decreases, and the energy costs for its movement increase. Consequently, the deterioration of the rheological properties of blood and microcirculation are directly related. Violation of microcirculation always significantly affects the development of pathological processes. The aim of the study rheological properties of blood in patients with rhinosinusitis after coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. The studying the rheological properties of blood in 55 patients with rhinosinusitis after coronavirus infection are presented. The following main indicators were determined in patients: blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation coefficient, degree of deformability of erythrocytes, average volume of one erythrocyte, hematocrit, fibrinogen, morphological properties of erythrocytes. Results and discussion. In all examined patients with rhinosinusitis after coronavirus infection, the rheological properties of blood are sharply impaired. The severity of violations of the rheological properties of blood depended not only on the type of disease, but on its severity and the degree of intoxication of the body. A change in blood viscosity was detected in all examined patients. Blood viscosity indices increased sharply in proportion to the severity and prevalence of the inflammatory process and the severity of destructive changes in the affected organs. Conclusion. The analysis of the conducted studies shows that one of the main manifestations of a violation of the rheological properties of blood in rhinosinusitis after coronavirus infection is intravascular aggregation of erythrocytes, as well as a violation of the ability of erythrocytes to reversible deformation.
THE HYPOTENSIVE THERAPY IMPACT ON HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION COMBINED WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, SAMORODSKAYA NATALYA A. , ELISEEVA LUDMILA N. ,   Kuban State Medical University, KHUAKO MARIET SH. ,   Kuban State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The appointment of antihypertensive therapy in patients with comorbidity of primary hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis, considering the activity of rheumatoid arthritis is not always specified, and therefore is an urgent issue that may cause a discrepancy between the hemodynamic influence of the prescribed therapy and the nature of existing hemodynamic shifts in this category of patients. Aim. Impact evaluation of the 6-month antihypertensive therapy with drugs of various classes on the hemodynamic parameters of the circulatory system in patients with hypertension stage II combined with rheumatoid arthritis, including its activity. Material and methods. Patients complying the inclusion criteria by age (58.6±6.4 years), hypertension duration (11.2±1.6 years), debut (aged 45-64 years) and rheumatoid arthritis experience (7.2±2.1 years) were formed into three groups: Group I included 277 patients with hypertension stage II (136 men, 141 women); Group II consists of 142 patients (28 men, 114 women) with hypertension stage II and rheumatoid arthritis (in the stage of clinical and laboratory remission); and in Group III there were 112 patients (20 men, 92 women) with hypertension stage II and rheumatoid arthritis (in the stage of clinical and laboratory exacerbation). Antihypertensive therapy was administered by polyclinic physicians. Lisinopril, nebivolol, losartan, amlodipine, indapamide and an unfixed combination of lisinopril and indapamide were prescribed as monotherapy drugs. The follow up period has lasted for 6 months. Results and discussion. Effectiveness control of the prescribed therapy in 6 months was presented in patients in Groups I and II with positive dynamics of morphometric and velocity parameters, in patients in Group III, the indicators were less significant and more delayed. Conclusion. Rheumatoid arthritis presence adds additional changes in the dynamics of the hemodynamic influence of the prescribed antihypertensive therapy, and is determined by the activity degree of the disease and the adequacy of basic anti- inflammatory therapy.
INTERLEUKIN-6 – MARKER OF SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION IN VERY ELDERLY PATIENTS AND CENTENARIANS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors:   First Moscow State Medical University, DVORETSKI LEONID I. , TOPOLYANSKAYA SVETLANA V. ,   First Moscow State Medical University, MАMCHICH DARYA S. ,   First Moscow State Medical University, ELISEEVA TATYANA A. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, TURNA OLGA I. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, ROMANOVA MARGARITA A. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, VAKULENKO OLGA N. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, BUBMAN LEONID I. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, VASILIEVA YULIA Y. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, LYTKINA KARINA A. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, MELKONYAN GEORGYI G. ,   War Veterans Hospital N3, Moscow, RATCHINA SVETLANA A. ,   First Moscow State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Interleukin-6 is a cytokine involved in the regulation of immune reactions, in the processes of hematopoiesis and inflammation. Levels of interleukin-6 in the blood correlate with the development of senile asthenia. Aim. The study aim was to determine the blood concentration of interleukin-6 and to evaluate the relationship of this cytokine with a number of pathological conditions in very old and centenarians with coronary artery disease. Material and Methods. 128 patients were enrolled in the cross-sectional study of interleukin-6 in very elderly patients and centenarians with coronary artery disease: 94 with coronary artery disease – in the study group, 34 without coronary artery disease – in the control group. The mean age of study patient was 88.3+5.3 years (76 to 98 years). Serum interleukin-6 concentrations (N<7.0 pg/ml) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results and discussion. Elevated interleukin-6 levels were found in 45.3% of patients. Mean interleukin-6 concentration was 8.2+6.3 (1.5-36.2) pg/ml. In patients with coronary artery disease mean interleukin-6 concentration reached 9.0 pg/ ml, in the control group – 5.8 pg/ml (p=0.001). Significantly higher interleukin-6 levels were found in patients with heart failure – 11.2 and 6.6 pg/ml, respectively (p=0.00005). Among patients with hyperuricemia mean interleukin-6 values reached 10.8+4.8 pg/ml. Positive correlations were found between interleukin-6 level and leukocytes count (r=0.29; p=0.002), neutrophils count (r=0.37; p=0.00002) and tumor necrosis factor-α (r=0.39; p=0.007). In patients with elevated interleukin-6 level lower Barthel index (70.7 and 80.7, respectively, р=0.003) and IADL scale (3.4 and 5.0, respectively, р=0.0002) values were observed. Conclusion. In patients with chronic coronary artery disease in very old age and centenarians an increase level of interleukin-6 is often found. Higher levels of interleukin-6 are associated primarily with heart failure and hyperuricemia.
ON THE RISKS OF MALIGNISATION OF OVARIAN ENDOMETRIOMAS
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, GABIDULLINA RUSHANIA I. , MINNULLINA FARIDA F. ,   Kazan Federal University, AKHMETOVA DINARA I. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ZARIPOVA ALIYA SH. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ZIDIHANOVA KAMILYA I. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ROOT DARYA A. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Endometriosis is a widespread gynecological disease. In the last few years, new data have been accumulating confirming that endometriosis leads to an increased risk of malignant neoplasms of the ovaries, endometrium, breast and thyroid gland. The most commonly found form of endometriosis is endometrioma. Objective: to analyze epidemiological and genetic studies of the risks of neoplastic transformation of ovarian endometriomas based on search results in electronic resources MEDLINE, EMBASE, Elibrary from 2012 to 2023. Results. Epidemiological and genetic studies have proven the risk of malignancy of endometriosis with the development of ovarian cancer related to endometriosis. Studies confirmed, that two histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer, such as clear-cell and endometrioid cancer, most closely related to endometriosis. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have confirmed the risk of endometrial cancer in women with endometriosis, which was shown earlier than epidemiological studies. Finding the genes and pathways underlying these complex diseases is an essential step toward developing better diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Conclusion. The review presents epidemiological and genetic evidence of the risks of ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer in women with endometriosis.
Peran mediasi komitmen afektif pada persepsi dukungan organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan
Authors: Chaidir John , Haerofiatna Haerofiatna , Kania Dewi , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: October 2023

Organizations are often faced with problems with their employees, employee performance is one of them. Employees are the key to the success of an organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the mediating role of affective commitment on perceived organizational support will ultimately have an impact on improving employee performance. This study uses a quantitative method with a PLS-SEM approach, and data collection using a questionnaire. The results of this study, all proposed hypotheses are entirely accepted, where the perception of organizational support has an effect on increasing employee performance and affective commitment, then affective commitment has a significant impact on increasing employee performance. On the other hand, affective commitment can have a partial mediating effect on the perceived organizational support on employee performance.
Intelligent Transportation Systems and Policies in the World and in Türkiye: Assessment from A Sustainable Transportation Perspective
Authors: TALİH Özgür , ÇELİKOK Kaan
Published: October 2023

As people have to change their places in order to meet their needs, there has been an increase in the demand for mobility and transport. It has become more important to correctly plan the time spent on roads and traffic according to criteria such as safety, security, comfort, and environmental impacts for the seamless mobility of people and goods. One of the prominent concepts in the studies and search for solutions in this direction is intelligent transport systems. The purpose of the study is to find out the importance of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and policies in the world and in Türkiye in terms of sustainable transportation. In this context, firstly, the importance of ITS and its regional development in the historical process is mentioned. Then, ITS activities and policies in Türkiye and their place in strategy documents is analysed. Finally, the National ITS Strategy and Action Plans related to intelligent transport systems, which have developed as a new transport solution within the framework of sustainability in the world, are evaluated in terms of their contribution to transport, economy and climate change, and technical, administrative, and social focus areas to increase ITS deployments in Türkiye are presented.
Sağlık Yönetimi Eğitimi: Cumhuriyet’in 100. Yılındaki Durum
Authors: CAMUZ BERBER İpek , ÇANDERELİ Zehra Özge , ARSLAN Elif
Published: October 2023

Yönetim biliminin özellikli alanları arasında yer alan sağlık yönetiminin, profesyonel bir meslek olarak kabul edilebilirliği dünyada ve Türkiye’de giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bir işin profesyonel meslek olarak kabul edilmesinin temelini Yükseköğretim kurumlarında verilen lisans ve lisansüstü eğitime ilişkin göstergeler oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sağlık yönetimi lisans eğitiminin Yükseköğretim Kurulu’na (YÖK) bağlı üniversitelerdeki mevcut durumunun üniversite, akademisyen ve öğrenci bazında ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Veriler, Yükseköğretim Lisans Program Atlası ve Yükseköğretim Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi veri tabanları ve ilgili üniversitelerin web sayfaları incelenerek elde edilmiştir. 2022 yılı itibariyle YÖK’e bağlı sağlık yönetimi alanında lisans eğitimi verdiği tespit edilen 86 üniversite araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Bulgular incelendiğinde Sağlık Yönetimi alanındaki lisans eğitimin ağırlıklı olarak kamu üniversitelerinde ve Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi bünyesinde sunulduğu; öğrencilerin büyükşehirlerdeki kamu üniversitelerini tercih ettikleri; en yüksek puanla öğrenci alan üniversitelerin çoğunluğunun vakıf üniversitelerinin tam burslu bölümleri olduğu; alandaki 553 akademik personelin çoğunluğunun doktor öğretim üyesi unvanına sahip olduğu; öğrencilerin yaklaşık yarısının üniversiteye ilk defa yerleşen öğrenciler olduğu; mezun sayısının ciddi bir artış eğilimi gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bu bulgular sağlık yönetimi lisans programının hem üniversite hem akademik hem de öğrenci kapasitesinin her geçen yıl artış eğilimi gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın, sağlık yönetimi bölümüne ilişkin durumu ortaya koyarak, geleceğe ilişkin planlamalara veri sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Diagnostic Challenges of Rosai-Dorfman Disease Presenting as Pachymeningitis and Meningiomatosis: A Report of Two Unusual Cases Involving the Spinal Cord
Authors: Park Jun Hyeong , Lee Chang Kyu , Kim Se Hoon , Chang Jong Hee , Shin Dong Ah , Yi Seong , Ha Yoon , Kim Keung Nyun
Published: October 2023

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an exceptionally rare medical condition, with spinal cord involvement even more infrequent. It is frequently misidentified as another malignancy or infectious disease. In this report, we present two cases of RDD with spinal cord involvement. Each patient presented with spinal intradural extramedullary masses within the thoracic and cervical levels, respectively. The differential diagnoses remained uncertain, with the potential for pachymeningitis and meningiomatosis due to the shared nature of nonspecific imaging findings and clinical symptoms in both conditions. Given the presence of neurologic symptoms and spinal cord compression, the individual lesions were surgically excised. Subsequent pathological analysis definitively confirmed the diagnosis of RDD. As an adjunctive therapeutic measure, both patients were orally administered prednisolone. Both patients exhibited favorable neurologic improvement. These cases highlight the diagnostic challenges of RDD when solely relying on imaging studies. Surgical intervention, in conjunction with a meticulous pathologic examination, is imperative for a precise diagnosis and guides appropriate treatment strategies. The multifaceted spatial manifestation of this disease further underscores the potential for multifocal occurrences within the central nervous system, providing an avenue for improved comprehension of the underlying mechanisms contributing to its dissemination.
Apuntes sobre la felicidad en las sociedades de consumo
Authors: Castellanos-Alvarenga Luis Mario , Quintano-Méndez Felipe
Published: October 2023

Introducción: las creencias sobre la felicidad y el éxito individual se construyen a través de interacciones sociales, cuando los individuos establecen metas alineadas con las expectativas sociales. Objetivo: este estudio pretende analizar las creencias sobre la felicidad y el éxito individual desde las perspectivas psicológica y sociológica. Método: En la elaboración de este ensayo se empleó el método analítico-sintético. Resultados: el contenido predominante en las creencias sobre la felicidad corresponde a los valores materiales, lo que refuerza la noción de que el éxito está estrechamente vinculado a las posesiones materiales. Sin embargo, es crucial contemplar el significado de factores inmateriales, como la salud, la familia y las amistades, entre otros. Conclusión: la felicidad y el éxito individual trascienden el plano material, ya que en ellas también juega un papel fundamental la forma en que las personas procesamos la información y construimos juicios de valor sobre la vida
Opinion Leader Detection in Online Social Networks Based on Output and Input Links
Authors: Ghorbani Zahra , Ghafouri Saeid , Khasteh Seyed Hossein
Published: October 2023

The understanding of how users in a network update their opinions based on their neighbours’ opinions has attracted a great deal of interest in the field of network science, and a growing body of literature recognises the significance of this issue. In this research paper, we propose a new dynamic model of opinion formation in directed networks. In this model, the opinion of each node is updated as the weighted average of its neighbours’ opinions, where the weights represent social influence. We deﬁne a new centrality measure as a social influence metric based on both inﬂuence and conformity. We measure this new approach using two opinion formation models: (i) the Degroot model and (ii) our own proposed model. Previously published research studies have not considered conformity, and have only considered the inﬂuence of the nodes when computing the social influence. In our deﬁnition, nodes with low in-degree and high out-degree that were connected to nodes with high out-degree and low in-degree had higher centrality. As the main contribution of this research, we propose an algorithm for finding a small subset of nodes in a social network that can have a significant impact on the opinions of other nodes. Experiments on real-world data demonstrate that the proposed algorithm signiﬁcantly outperforms previously published state-of-the-art methods.
Fractal Ring Shaped with Saw Feed Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Utilizations
Authors: Mathur Vinita , Tyagi Parul , Chandna Vinay Kumar
Published: October 2023

A compressed small width circular in shape aerial with fractal characteristics that exhibits minimal delay, cost and better speed with wide band characteristics is modeled. Simulation analysis has been done with software named CST Microwave studio after that it has been verified by experimental analysis. Substrate material used for fabrication is easily available FR-4 (εr =4.4) with 1.59 mm as thickness of sheet. The dimensions are 24 x 40 mm (W x L). Aerial finds its applications in mobile services. The 5GHz band is perfect for high-bandwidth devices or activities such as online video games, conference calls and streaming. 6 GHz Wi-Fi range is applicable for recently used short-range, better efficiency, and low delay applications. Proposed antenna covers C, X and Ku bands and conducting from 2.93 - 9.53 GHz with VSWR≤ 2. This aerial is also performing in ultra wideband (UWB), S, C and partial of the X range.
Integrating wastewater and randomised prevalence
survey data for national COVID surveillance
Authors: Li Guangquan , Diggle Peter , Blangiardo Marta
Published: October 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, studies in a number of countries have shown how wastewater can be used as an efficient surveillance tool to detect outbreaks at much lower cost than traditional prevalence surveys. However, all of these studies have been set in a specific city or region; none have attempted to embed wastewater in a country-level surveillance system. In the post-pandemic era, a likely scenario is that prevalence surveys will be run at a reduced scale; hence an affordable ongoing surveillance system will need to combine sparse prevalence data with non-traditional disease metrics such as wastewater measurements in order to estimate dis- ease progression in a cost-effective manner. Here, we use data collected during the pandemic to model the dynamic relationship between spatially granular wastewater viral load and disease prevalence. We then use this relationship to nowcast local disease prevalence under the scenario that (i) spatially granular wastewater data continue to be collected; (ii) direct measurements of prevalence are only available at a coarser spatial resolution, for example at national or regional scale. The model framework is disease-agnostic and could therefore be adapted to different diseases and incorporated into a multiplex surveillance system for early detection of emerging local outbreaks.
Inequalities in global residential cooling energy use to 2050
Authors: Falchetta Giacomo , decian ENRICA , Pavanello Filippo , Wing Ian Sue
Published: October 2023

The interplay of a warming climate and socio-demographic transformations will increase global heat exposure. Assessing future use and impacts of energy-intensive appliances for indoor thermal adaptation is therefore a crucial policy goal. Here we train statistical models on multi-country household survey data (n = 480,555) to generate global gridded projections of residential air-conditioning (AC) uptake and use. Our results indicate that the share of households owning AC could grow from 26% to a scenario median of 38% by 2050, implying a doubling of residential AC electricity consumption, to 925 TWh/yr. This growth will be highly unequal both within and across countries and income groups, with significant regressive impacts. Up to 4.5 billion heat-exposed people may lack AC access in 2050. Outcomes will largely depend on socio-economic development and climate change pathways. Our gridded projections can support the modelling of the impacts of residential AC on decarbonization pathways and health outcomes.
Giant built-in electric field enabled quantum-confined Stark effects
Authors: Lu Yuerui , Shunshun Yang , Sun Xueqian , Zhou Fei , Kang Jian , Li Mengru , Liu Xiaolong , Yan Han , Tanju Yildrim , Luo Xiaoguang , Pei Jiajie , Song Hucheng , Qin Shuchao , Liu Youwen , Zhang Linglong
Published: October 2023

Quantum-confined Stark effects (QCSEs), where external or built-in electric fields modify optical transition energies1-6, have garnered significant interest due to their potential for tuning emission energies to couple with quantum dots, metasurfaces and cavities, etc1-3,7,8. However, only external electric-field-enabled QCSEs in 2D semiconductors have been reported so far1-3, owing to the challenges posed by small and uncontrollable built-in electric fields2,3, as well as charge modulation effects9-14. Here we report the first observation of giant built-in electric field-enabled QCSEs in 1L WSe2/1L graphene heterostructure (HS), based on chemical potential calculations. Electrical control of QCSEs demonstrates a maximum Stark shift of ~56.97 meV. This significant shift is attributed to enhanced built-in electric fields, resulting from the increased chemical potential difference induced by electrostatic doping. While increasing optical doping or reducing the interlayer distance, QCSEs weaken due to the reduced built-in electric fields. By leveraging efficient exciton dissociations from built-in electric fields15,16, the responsivity (R) and response speed of HS photodetectors increase by 6 orders of magnitude and 3 folds, respectively, compared to 1L WSe2. Our results offer a new avenue for expanding the tunability for excitons and exploiting the application potentials for 2D material in photodetectors, polariton transistors and quantum light sources.
Dynamics of bio-based carbon dioxide removal in Germany
Authors: Wollnik Ronja , Borchers Malgorzata , Seibert Ruben , Abel Susanne , Herrmann Pierre , Elsasser Peter , Hildebrandt Jakob , Meisel Kathleen , Henning Pia , Radtke Kai , Selig Marco , Kazmin Stanislav , Szarka Nora , Thrän Daniela
Published: October 2023

Bio-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) encompasses a wide range of (i) natural sink enhancement concepts in agriculture and on organic soils including peatlands, and in forestry, (ii) bio-based building materials, and (iii) bioenergy production with CO2 capture and storage (BECCS), which are also expected to contribute to the German climate neutrality target. While the concepts vary in CO2 removal dynamics, long-term CO2 removal potential, in specific costs and many other factors, a common database is crucial to compare and discuss the different options. To cover this gap, we provide standardised factsheets with many aspects from economics, resource base and environmental impacts to social and political implications. When comparing those concepts, we find different dynamics of their development until 2045: For CO2 removal rates from the atmosphere, natural sink enhancement concepts are characterised by gradually increasing rates, followed by a saturation and potentially a decrease after few decades; forest-related measures ramp up slowly and for construction projects and bioenergy plants, annually constant removal rates are assumed during operation which drop to zero afterwards. The natural sink enhancement concepts and some long-lived materials could be deployed immediately, whilst BECCS and ramping up construction materials still face legal and political barriers. The expenses for removing 1 t CO2 from the atmosphere were found to be between 8 and 520 € t CO2-1. All concepts investigated could theoretically be scaled up to remove over 1 million tons of CO2 during 25 years, suggesting they can become part of a portfolio of CDR measures.
Analysis and Ideal Model Construction of the Geometric Parameters and Thermal Environment Correlation Mechanism of Xi'an's Summer Outdoor Commercial Pedestrian Streets
Authors: Su Yutong , Wang Xuhui , Xuan Le , Wu Tianji , Ge Xin , Wang Zhao , Duan Jingya , Yang Mei
Published: October 2023

Intensive urban development has resulted in the degradation of the urban thermal environment. There is a growing consensus on the need to enhance urban thermal comfort through well-designed forms, especially in open spaces like urban canyons. To address this, our study focuses on Xi'an's commercial pedestrian streets, employing K-means clustering analysis to create 32 representative models based on actual scenes, capturing their textural characteristics. Simultaneously, 11 geometric indicators (2D/3D) were chosen to quantify the canyon's geometric form. We assessed the spatial and temporal distribution differences in the thermal environment across these models using Envi-met simulation. Finally, Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine the correlation and significance of the two sets of indicators, culminating in formulating an ideal model. The findings reveal that (1) wind conditions are predominantly influenced by the canyon's geometric form, followed by solar radiation and temperature, with the lowest relative humidity change amplitude among the assessed thermal parameters. (2) Among the 11 geometric form indicators, 3D indicators correlate more significantly with thermal environment parameters than 2D indicators. Specifically, SO significantly impacts the thermal environment, P holds greater significance than De, and both BSC and BSR are significantly correlated with air temperature and wind speed, with a weaker correlation to solar radiation. (3) In the Xi'an region, courtyards oriented north-south demonstrate a more favorable trend in the thermal environment.
Effects of Six Earthquake Scaling Methods on Drift Demand Distribution of Buckling Restrained Braced Frames: A Comparative Study with Endurance Time Method
Authors: Hadinejad Amirali , Zahrai Seyed Mehdi
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates the effect of six different methods of scaling ground motion records on the response of maximum nonlinear displacement and maximum acceleration of frames equipped with Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs). The study focuses on achieving the target range of the design and compares the average values obtained with the Endurance Time (ET) method. To achieve this objective, two steel bending frames, consisting of three and nine stories, respectively, which were designed for the SAC project, were selected. These frames were modeled and validated using OpenSees software. To ensure the model's accuracy, the BRB elements were modeled using the Steel02 steel material, along with Pinching4 and Fatigue Material, to make them more compatible with reality. The model was then validated using experimental results. The aim of this research is to evaluate the accuracy and dispersion of various scaling methods of ground motion records in calculating the relative displacement, maximum acceleration, and base shear of BRB frames. The study also aims to determine the most suitable scaling method based on its efficiency and accuracy in a parametric manner. A total of 530 nonlinear dynamic analyses were conducted, and the average results of drift and acceleration obtained from the scaling methods were compared to the results obtained from the endurance time method. The findings suggest that the Endurance Time Method provides accurate results for short structures, but it requires correction for tall structures. Additionally, the IM4 scaling method has unique properties on BRB-equipped frames, making its use logical in the process of obtaining the synthetic ET method record.
A 4096 channel event-based multielectrode array with
asynchronous outputs compatible with neuromorphic
processors
Authors: Cartiglia Matteo , Costa Filippo , Narayanan Shyam , Bui Cat-Vu , Ulusan Hasan , Risi Nicoletta , Haessig Germain , Hierlemann Andreas , Cardes Fernando , Indiveri Giacomo
Published: October 2023

Bio-signal sensing represents a pivotal domain in the medical applications of bioelectronics. Traditional methods have, so
far, focused on capturing these signals as accurately as possible, leading to high sampling rates in clocked synchronous
architectures. Given the sparse activity of bio-signals, this approach often results in large amounts of digitized data with no
relevant information and in a significant amount of energy consumed during transmission. Here, we introduce a self-clocked
microelectrode array (MEA) that senses and digitizes bio-signals at the pixel level by encoding their changes as asynchronous
digital address-events, significantly reducing the amount of data that needs to be transmitted off-chip. This novel MEA comprises
an array of 64 × 64 electrodes, an asynchronous 2D-arbiter, and an Address-Event Representation (AER) communication block.
Each pixel within the array operates autonomously, monitoring input signals for relative voltage fluctuations instigated by cellular
activity. Upon detecting a sufficiently large signal change, the pixel produces a digital pulse encoded with its corresponding
address. Positive signal changes are encoded as “up” events, while negative ones are encoded as “down” events and, upon
generation, are routed off-chip instantly via the asynchronous arbiter. Here, we present results from the chip characterization
and experimental measurements using electrogenic cells. Moreover, we interface the MEA to a mixed-signal neuromorphic
processor, demonstrating a prototype for end-to-end event-based bio-signal sensing and processing.
Cavitating turbulent flow investigation for the twisted NACA66 hydrofoil using a PANS model with helicity modification
Authors: Geng Chen , Qian Zhaohui , Zheng Kexin , Ye Weixiang , Luo Xianwu
Published: October 2023

In the present paper, the unsteady cavitating turbulent flow over the twisted NACA66 hydrofoil has been investigated based on an SST k-ω partially averaged Navier-Stokes (MSST PANS) model i.e., NMSST PANS model, where the production term of kinetic energy in turbulence model is modified with helicity. Compared with the experimental data, cavitation evolution, and its characteristic frequency are satisfactorily predicted by the proposed NMSST PANS model. It is revealed that the interaction among the main flow, the reentrant jets, and sheet cavitation causes the formation of the primary shedding cavity near the mid-span and the secondary shedding cavity at each side of the twisted hydrofoil, and further induces the remarkable pressure gradient around shedding cavities. Along with the development of the primary and the secondary shedding cavities, the great pressure gradient associated with large cavity volume variation promotes the vortical flow generation and the spatial deformation of vortex structure during cavitation evolution, and results in the primary and the secondary U-type vortex. Further, DMD analysis is utilized to confirm the interaction among the main flow, the main reentrant jet and two side reentrant jets, and cavitation. These results indicate that the proposed NMSST PANS model is suitable to simulate the complicated cavitating turbulent flow for various engineering applications.
Exploring of the sorption mechanism of endocrine disruptors on a newly developed cost-effective microporous material derived from puck (Afroxtyrax lepidophyllus) shell
Authors: Kouahou Gédéon Nzetchuen , Djioko Fredy Harcel Kamgang , Atemkeng Cyrille Donlifack , Fotsop Cyrille Ghislain , Amola Liouna Adoum , Bopda Aurelien , Ngomadé Serges Bruno Lemoupi , Kamgaing Theophile
Published: October 2023

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), due to its recognized dangerous effects such as interfering in the hormonal system, requires special attention for scientists. This work opens with the aim of depolluting TBBPA in the environment by adsorption in batch mode using activated carbon prepared from puck shell. Absorbent prepared from the puck shells (CRP) bio-based material have been characterized by advanced techniques such as iodine number, EDX mapping, FT-IR, FE-SEM, XRD, N2 adsorption/desorption. Analysis show a high carbon rate in the activated carbons obtained with a surface essentially made up of acid functions. In addition, the Activated carbon derived from puck shell (CRP) exhibited an amorphous phase consisting of mesopores and micropores. The specific surface area obtained from the BET was 502 m²/g. Optimum conditions of TBBPA adsorption obtained from response surface methodology using Box-Behnken model were 200 mg for activated carbon, 15mg/L for TBBPA concentration at pH 7.6, a stirring time of 89 minutes, with a retention percentage of 87.9%. The mechanism explained from the adsorption isotherms and kinetics showed a multilayer and favorable adsorption involving π-π interactions, possibility of ion exchange, Van der Waals and hydrogen bonds. Computational modeling was carried out through functional density theory and Monte Carlo molecular modeling to elucidate the underlying mechanism. These confirmed the experimental results indicating a strong affinity between CRP and TBBPA in a slightly basic medium with adsorption energy of -135.25 Kcal/mol. The results of desorption process using sodium hydroxide, water and ethanol as desorbing agents obtained show that the CRP are indeed reusable.
Hopf-Hopf bifurcation and spatially staggered time-periodic orbits induced by the joint effects of predator-taxis and delay
Authors: Xing Yue , Jiang Weihua
Published: October 2023

When Hopf bifurcation with different modes interact with each other, making the positive constant steady state unstable through Hopf-Hopf bifurcation, it often means that there will be relatively rich time-periodic orbits. It is meaningful and necessary to study the types and stability of these time-periodic orbits. In this paper, we provide a theoretical tool to reveal the time-periodic patterns caused by Hopf-Hopf bifurcation for partial functional differential equations with nonlinear diffusion by means of the normal form method and center manifold reduction. We derive the explicit formulae for the coefficients of normal form associated with Hopf-Hopf bifurcation, which can be applied for the systems with or without nonlinear diffusion. A delayed predator-prey model with predator-taxis is performed to illustrate our results. It turns out that Hopf-Hopf bifurcation will occur due to the combined effects of predator-taxis and time delay. And we theoretically prove that stable spatially homogeneous time-periodic orbits, stable/bistable time-periodic orbits with spatially staggered oscillations as well as transient quasi-periodic orbits exist near the Hopf-Hopf bifurcation point. These phenomena can not occur for the same system with only time delay or only predator-taxis. Some numerical simulations are also presented to verify our analysis expected on theoretical grounds.
A study on the relationship between cooperative education, self-efficacy, and employability of sports major students
Authors: hui zhang , jun chen
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the normal operation of the global economy, leading to a significant decline in demand in the job market, leaving sports major students unemployed. In light of this, the present study aims to examine the associations between cooperative education (i.e., family-school-industry partnerships), self-efficacy, and employability of Chinese sports major students. Data was collected from a sample of 384 Chinese university students, consisting of 68.8% males and 31.2% females. Participants completed questionnaires on cooperative education, self-efficacy, and employability. Descriptive statistics and mediation analysis were employed to analyze the obtained data. The findings revealed a positive correlation between cooperative education and employability, with the mediating role of self-efficacy in this relationship. These significant findings serve as a foundation for future researchers to further.
Awareness of Syrian Private University students about the Use of antibiotics for respiratory infections
Authors: Ibrahim Louay , ALsewiti Joseph , Bardan Housam
Published: October 2023

Background and aim of the research:
The use and selection of appropriate antibiotics in respiratory infections is extremely important. The current study aimed to determine the awareness of medical students at the Syrian Private University about the use of antibiotics in respiratory infections.
Methods and materials:
Samples were collected at the Syrian Private University through an electronic questionnaire that was distributed to the special groups of the Syrian Private University. The samples were analyzed using the SPSS program during official working hours. The sample selection method was convenience sampling. Our required sample size was 295, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and design. The study is cross-sectional.
Results
The study included (295) students, most of whom were sixth-year students (25.8%). Most of the students used both azithromycin and amoxicillin. Most students answered that antibiotics should be used when suffering from pneumonia (96.5%) and acute bronchitis (45.8%). Most of the students answered that green sputum is evidence of a bacterial infection and antibiotics should be used (30.1%), the ideal treatment for acute bronchitis is antibiotics (50.8%), the optimal treatment for purulent sinusitis and rhinitis is antibiotics (61.4%), and the ideal treatment for the common cold is antibiotics (62.7%), and antibiotics are used for asthma attacks, tonsillitis, and laryngitis (44.1%, 75.6%, 45.5%).
Conclusion
The awareness rate was higher among sixth and fifth year students for each type of antibiotic used. Antibiotics must be prescribed in the case of bacterial pneumonia. The green color of the sputum is evidence of a bacterial infection. Treating purulent sinusitis is with antibiotics. Treating colds is symptomatic. Purulent tonsillitis is treated with antibiotics.
Evaluation of Groundwater Potentiality and Quality in Ikot Ekpene-Obot Akara Local Government Areas, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ekanem Aniekan Martin , Udosen Ndifreke Inyang
Published: October 2023

Adequate supply of potable water in Ikot Ekpene-Obot Akara Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria has been of a serious concern in recent times. Consequently, this study’s major goal is to evaluate groundwater potentiality and quality in the LGAs via the use of the electrical resistivity technique and geochemical analysis of borehole water samples to map out the zones for the optimum location of boreholes in the area. The results of the Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) performed at 28 locations in the area show that the lithological succession comprises sands and gravels with minor clay interbeddings at a number of locations. The main aquifer units in the area are found at depths of between 2.1 and 30.2 m, with resistivity values ranging from 40.6 to 2648.1 Ohms-metres. The generated groundwater potentiality map indicates that 89 % of the investigated area has high groundwater potential while 7 % and 4 % have low and moderate potentials respectively. The contamination level in the groundwater is shown to be very low or insignificant. Policymakers in the LGAs can use these insights to effectively manage and utilize groundwater to meet the needs of the masses.
Assessment of city readiness for implementation of the smart city concept
Authors: Petrov P. A. , Khokhlova N. S.
Published: October 2023

Mechanisms for assessing the readiness of urban areas for implementation of the smart city concept are investigated. The relevance of this topic is supported by the request for effective implementation of the concept in the current socio-economic situation. The state attracts much attention to the implementation of state programs and achievement of target indicators. The issue of urban development using modern digital technologies appears to be important, with the relevant ministries paying particular attention to its solution. The paper investigates the existing approaches to the assessment of urban digitalization processes, determines the relationship between the documents of strategic planning and plans for the implementation of state programs. Based on the systems approach, the main directions in assessing the effectiveness of measures on the implementation of the smart city concept in the Russian Federation are classified and formulated. Conclusions on the necessity of adjusting the existing assessment system are made. Options for optimizing and improving the methodology for selecting indicators to assess the effectiveness of city digitalization were developed. As a result, the proposed methodology for assessing the readiness of cities to implement the smart city concept will improve the indicators of the city digitalization project.
Improving the shear resistance of ground technological quarry roads on loosely-bound subgrades
Authors: Alekseenko V. V. , Volokitin I. I. , Sinyushkin A. D.
Published: October 2023

The study aims to solve the urgent problem of strengthening the subgrade of roads for heavy-duty vehicles. In the case of a limited road service life, it appears economically unfeasible to provide a strong cement-concrete subgrade. This case requires a solution maximizing the use of both local materials and production wastes, available in the work area. In order to perform calculations of stresses, arising at a great depth in the subgrade of the technological road under the influence of heavy-duty vehicle wheels, it is necessary to use appropriate mathematical models. In the present study, the calculations were carried out using a software application that implements the method of discrete elements. Using this method, stresses in highly inhomogeneous granular media can be calculated using the first[1]principle approach. The design of road structural layers suggests the use of geocontainers, made of used polypropylene big bags at the subgrade, which, due to their large size, have a greater shear resistance when filled with any soil mixture. The durability of the polypropylene fabric in the roadbed can reach several decades. The main task of the study was to calculate the protective layer of alternated crushed stone, clay soil, and polypropylene fabric. The thickness of layers was selected such that the tensile stresses during the passage of vehicles on the surface of a geocontainer remain within the strength limits of the container shell material.