bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peace And Conflict Management In A Post Covid-19 Nigeria:Impact And Lessons.
Authors: Sunday Akpan, Nobert , . KanuEzumaIkokwu
Published: March 2022

The interdependence and mutual relationship that exist among different parts of a system determines the effectiveness of such a system and also serves as a parameter in achieving thesystems predetermined goal(s) and objectives. However, there’s bound to be a dysfunctional relationship when a system is faced with friction resulting from conflict. Also, without the right or proper peace management mechanism, it will degenerates into serious chaos. The chaos so generated, will diverts the system from pursuing and achieving its core goals and objectives. Since peace is a relative condition of security friendly climate that allows individuals and group relations to progressive order and stability. Therefore, presence of Peace does not mean the absence of conflict or war. It reflects that security friendly system that frees individuals and groups of people from fears and dangers of losing such inalienable human rights as life, liberty and property.This paper, therefore, focuses on exploring the structural view of peace, the historical origin of conflicts and crisis management in human development, the effect of COVID-19 on Nigerian economy, social and religious functions as well as the violation of COVID –19 guidelines and laws. It also attempted to examine the innovations made during the pandemic. It analyzes the techniques and methods of conflict resolution adopted overtime. The paper concludes by highlighting the impact and lesson drawn from COVID –19 pandemic.
Oil Exploration And Underdevelopment: A Study Of Niger Delta Region Of Nigeria
Authors: Ezuma Kanu, Ikokwu , Sunday Akpan, Nobert
Published: March 2022

This study placed at the center of its focus oil exploration and underdevelopment in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. In the study, three research questions were posed; what are the benefits of oil exploration in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria? What are the effects of oil exploration and underdevelopment to the host communities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria? What are the remedies that can enhance oil exploration and development in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria? Also, three objectives were stated, which includes to identify the benefits of oil exploration to the Nigeria nation, to examine the effects of oil exploration to the host communities and to recommend remedies that can enhance oil exploration and development. Elite theory was adopted to theoretically analyze this work and descriptive research design method was employed. Secondary sources were used in gathering data and content analysis was adopted as data analysis technique. The study revealed the benefits of oil exploration such as economic growth, job creation, energy supply to power industries and homes, provide fuel for vehicles and air crafts etc. Also, the research work x-rayed the effects of oil production activities and the neglect of the Niger Delta region by the Nigerian stateand oil and gas industries such as environmental degradation, exploitation, unemployment, lack of social amenities, infrastructure, poverty among others. Furthermore, the study made some recommendations advising the federal government and oil companies toensure effective consultation and partner proactively with host communities to better their operations, to reduce environmental degradation and its adverse effects and improve the living standard of people in the areas of oil exploration by providing infrastructures like roads, schools, electricity, hospital scholarships among others which will protect the environment and enhance the relationships between government, companies and the host communities in the Niger Delta region.
De fractie als verlengstuk van een politieke vereniging
Authors: de Roo K.H.M. , Nijland J.
Published: March 2022

De fractie als verlengstuk van een politieke vereniging

De uitspraak Gündoğan/Volt Nederland roept vragen op over de verhouding tussen de Tweede Kamerfractie enerzijds en de politieke vereniging anderzijds. Hoewel de fractie geen informele vereniging is, staat deze daarmee niet buiten het verenigingsrecht: het bestuur is op grond van de restbevoegdheid tot schorsing van het fractielidmaatschap bevoegd.
Rolled into one: de ‘onderneming’ als rechtssubject bij de ‘privaatrechtelijke handhaving’ van het mededingingsrecht
Authors: Kroes Chr.F.
Published: March 2022

Rolled into one: de ‘onderneming’ als rechtssubject bij de ‘privaatrechtelijke handhaving’ van het mededingingsrecht

In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur het Sumal-arrest, dat verstrekkende gevolgen kan hebben voor de civielrechtelijke handhaving van het Uniemededingingsrecht. Het Sumal-arrest heeft met name een (te) verstrekkende uitbreiding tot gevolg van de kring van aansprakelijken. Ook vergroot dit arrest de toch al ruime mogelijkheden voor forum shopping. Daarnaast heeft de auteur nog enkele andere bedenkingen bij het arrest.
De eindrekening in Xeikon/Recalcico
Authors: Schreurs Ph.W. , van Spaendonck Ph.M.
Published: March 2022

De eindrekening in Xeikon/Recalcico. Annotatie bij Hof Amsterdam (OK) 21 september 2021, ECLI:NL:GHAMS:2021:3095

In deze bijdrage bespreken de auteurs de slotsom van de langlopende uitkoopprocedure inzake Xeikon. De Ondernemingskamer beoordeelt aan de hand van het waarderingsrapport alle standpunten van partijen over de elementen die in een discounted cash flow-berekening leiden tot de exacte uitkoopprijs.
Representativiteit onder de WAMCA
Authors: Hautvast T.S.F.
Published: March 2022

Representativiteit onder de WAMCA

Sinds de invoering van de WAMCA dient iedere claimorganisatie voldoende representatief te zijn, wil zij ontvankelijk zijn in haar collectieve actie. Het is onduidelijk wat het representativiteitsvereiste inhoudt en wat de toegevoegde waarde daarvan is. Bovendien kan een strikte toepassing van dit vereiste de doelstellingen van de collectieve actie ondermijnen.
Reseña: V. Bucciantini, Studio su Nearco di Creta. Dalla descrizione geografica alla narrazione storica, Studi di Storia greca e romana 11, Alessandria, Edizioni dell’ Orso, 2015, 251 pp. [ISBN 9788862746434]
Authors: González Mora Francisco Javier
Published: March 2022

Reseña de V. Bucciantini, Studio su Nearco di Creta. Dalla descrizione geografica alla narrazione storica, Studi di Storia greca e romana 11, Alessandria, Edizioni dell’ Orso, 2015, 251 pp. [ISBN 9788862746434]
Cherchez la femme: Power and Female Agency in Bactriaat the dawn of the Hellenistic Age
Authors: Ferrario Marco
Published: March 2022

Due prominently to the scanty nature of evidence on the ground attesting to an imperial presence which, however, historiographical sources claim to have been real and lasting over time, the satrapy of Bactria (roughly embracing northeastern Afghanistan, southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan) to this day still struggles to free itself of some prejudices, despite some extremely important discoveries and a more general scholarly reevaluation of previous conclusions. Possibly the most stubborn among these is the image of an ungovernable province, constantly on the brink of dynastic revolts (cf. Hdt. 9.113) or threatened by northern barbarians (against whom Cyrus found his end and whom Darius boasts of having subjected in the famous Bīsutūn inscription. With the recently published Aramaic Documents from Ancient Bactria, however, we have acquired an incredibly valuable source regarding the functioning of the satrapy at a crucial period in its history (the late 4th century BCE until the years immediately following Alexander). The present study is based primarily on the following: 1) this documentation, 2) the results of some recent and very significant studies on the Persepolis archive and 3) some methodological reflections on the relationship between empire and the local élite(s) suggested by the comparative analysis of the functioning of this relationship in a different phase of Central Asia’s imperial history (the 1930s). The study is intended, on the one hand, as a first step towards a new appreciation of the role Bactria and Sogdiana played in the delicate transitional phase from Achaemenid to Macedonian hegemony in the upper satrapies. On the other hand, it seeks to raise some hypotheses about the reasons behind the position held during the stormy years of Alexander’s Bactrian campaign and in the subsequent, no less troubled years by two protagonists of these crucial events, who are however still relatively unrecognized in their role as historical agents: the Bactrio-Sogdian princesses Roxane and Apama.
Reseña: C. T. Djurslev, Alexander the Great in the early Christian tradition, 2019
Authors: Molina Ignacio
Published: March 2022

Reseña de Christian Thrue Djurslev, Alexander the Great in the early Christian tradition: Classical Reception and Patristic Literature, London, Bloomsbury, 2019, 240 pp [ISBN 9781788311649].
More or less? A conjunctural analysis of differing views on the development of cruise tourism
Authors: Poort Marije Eileen , Persson-Fischier Ulrika , Martinsson-Wallin Helene , Gansauer Fiona , Demuro Cristina , Van der Zee Amy , Elf Donaldson Evelina , Liu Shuangqi
Published: March 2022

This article is based on a qualitative study regarding two World Heritage Island destinations, Gotland in the Baltic Sea and Rapa Nui in the Pacific Ocean. The two islands are used as cases illustrating different views on the development of cruise tourism. By applying conjunctural analysis the authors are able to account for the broader context of cruise tourism. Different perspectives on cruise tourism are found to be embedded in both local and global contexts, which are associated with three kinds of challenges: cruise tourism is developing without the local community’s involvement in decision making, it is not aligned with the aims of local tourism and ignores local products and services. We therefore call for more involvement of the local community in the development of cruise tourism.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Plate Subject to Low-Velocity Impact
Authors: Suada Muhamad Giri , Syamsudin Hendri , Romadon Haroen
Published: March 2022

The present work compared experimental and finite element analysis on the low-velocity impact response of a carbon/epoxy composite plate. Finite element analysis was based on the utilization of cohesive zone elements with the Benzeggagh-Kenane fracture criterion to predict the initiation and propagation of delamination. A Kirchhoff based formulation of a continuum shell element was used to model the stiffness of each lamina and the Hashim-Rotem damage mechanism to predict damages in every lamina. Five specimens of a 16-layer uni-directional carbon/epoxy composite plate with fiber orientation [+45°/90°/-45°/0°/+45°/90°/-45°/0°] s were subjected to low-velocity impact with a single energy value of 2.75 Joule/mm. The experimental results were then compared to the finite element results. Good agreement was achieved for the size and shape of the total projected delamination and visual damage to the top and bottom surface in the form of matrix and fiber failure. Slight differences were found for the dynamic response in the impact force history. Furthermore, a significant difference was found for the quantity of absorbed energy.
A Finite Element Approach to Conduct Machinability Studies on Age-Hardened AA6061 Matrix Hybrid Composites
Authors: Pai Anand , Keni Laxmikant , Kini Chandrakant R
Published: March 2022

AA6061, a popular structural material, has found widespread usage in the automotive and aerospace domains. The current work explored the effect of the improvement of mechanical properties on the machinability of AA6061 through finite element analysis. Three compositions of AA6061 containing 2 wt.% graphite and 0, 2, 4 wt.% granite dust were fabricated by stir casting.  In the current work, a finite element model of a slab milling cutter with eight teeth was designed with high-speed steel (HSS) as the tool material. The LS-DYNA module of ANSYS was used for simulation of the milling operation, selecting two peripheral speeds for the cutter during the machining of the workpiece. Surface milling was carried out on the cast slabs of the three compositions to study chip formation. At higher cutting speeds, there was an increase in the von Mises stress as well as material deformation. An increase in the weight fraction of the ceramic fillers led to a corresponding increase in the von Mises stress and material deformation. The experimental results from face milling of the three compositions showed that the surface roughness increased with an increase in the content of ceramic fillers and a decrease in chip size.
Estudio antropologico forense de los restos humanos atribuidos al Apóstol Santiago Alfeo
Authors: Serrulla Fernando
Published: March 2022

Presentamos el estudio antropológico forense de la reliquia del cráneo de Santiago Alfeo conservada en la Capilla de las Reliquias de la Catedral de Santiago de Compostela (España). La reliquia está formada por algunos fragmentos del cráneo y otros pocos huesos en estado de carbonización y altamente fragmentados. Los resultados muestran que los restos pertenecen a un individuo varón, adulto maduro y la presencia de lesiones craneales producidas probablemente por un instrumento corto-contundente tipo espada. Estos resultados nos permiten dudar de la identidad de los restos.
Invitational Rhetoric in Epistemic Practice
Authors: Jarvis Caitlyn McConnell
Published: March 2022

Over the last several decades there have been rapid advancements in treatment options available for infertility. Consequently, infertility has become a medicalized disease, which privileges a masculine epistemology. Problematically, this masculinist perception of infertility diminishes concern for the lived experiences of women living with infertility and ignores the many ways in which infertility manifests as a social condition. This study examines narratives of women diagnosed with infertility, gathered from online support groups. Through these narratives I introduces the concept of “invitational knowledge” as a means to understand how knowledge functions rhetorically to create space for discourses that deviate from the medicalized assumptions of infertility. Invitational knowledge highlights the epistemological roots of invitational rhetoric through adoption of a postmodern feminist epistemology and is characterized by five features: 1) rhetor agency; 2) emotional knowledge; 3) transformative discourse; 4) shared knowledge; and 5) asking questions rather than making judgments.
Revisiting Abductive Reasoning
Authors: Kearney Michael R.
Published: March 2022

Abduction, a mode of reasoning identified by Charles Sanders Peirce, informs theories of clinical decision-­making, but its existing applications to the medical sciences have remained narrow. Building from existing research in the context of patient noncompliance and clinical inertia, this paper advocates a broader understanding of abductive reasoning rooted within the nature of language itself. An example of such a reading of abduction is the theory of triadic communication articulated by American doctor-­turned-­novelist Walker Percy. Percy’s scholarship offers an impetus to examine noncompliance, inertia, and other loci of uncertainty as opportunities for learning, growth, and development of RHM perspectives.
Invisible in a Time of Crisis
Authors: Ash Hillary
Published: March 2022

Using the 1980s Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC) surveillance definitions for AIDS, this article examines how the CDC’s rhetorical techniques may have been harnessed to create more inclusive AIDS morbidity and mortality data in the U.S. epidemic’s first decade. The CDC’s decision to privilege disease specificity over sensitivity led women, people of color, and drug users to be underrepresented in epidemiological reporting due to AIDS’s manifestation as more commonly seen—­and therefore less specific—­diseases in these populations. My analysis of the first three AIDS definitions shows heavy reliance on four classical topoi as the CDC sought to constrain who was and was not considered an AIDS case for national reporting. I argue that, while these four topoi—­space, time, correlation, and causation—­did constrain symptoms to the desired specificity, the CDC had the ability to place similar specifications on common diseases for the sake of including vulnerable communities in surveillance data.
Teaching Health Justice: Centering Reproduction
Authors: Adams Heather
Published: March 2022

This essay provides an overview of my experiences teaching Rhetoric of Health and Medicine (RHM) courses with an explicit health justice focus. I ground a discussion of pedagogical possibility by reflecting on my emerging course design, which centers reproductive justice—one example of a justice-oriented framework—as a site of learning and inquiry. In describing my course development and delivery, I suggest that a health justice approach to RHM instruction can be timely, contextually relevant, and challenging. Throughout the essay, I offer specific examples for the purposes of replication or adaptation for differently justice-oriented RHM teaching applications.
Recent Advances in the Medicinal Chemistry of Vitamin K Derivatives: An Overview (2000–2021)
Authors: Fujii Shinya , Suhara Yoshitomo , Kagechika Hiroyuki
Published: March 2022

In recent decades, many physiological and pharmacological functions of vitamin K other than its role as the cofactor of γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) have been identified, and consequently, many vitamin K derivatives and related congeners, including putative metabolites, have been designed and synthesized. Their biological activities include antitumor activity, anti-inflammatory activity, neuroprotective effects, neural differentiation-inducing activity, and modulating potency toward the nuclear steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR). These activities make vitamin K and its derivatives attractive candidates for drug discovery. In this chapter, an overview of recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of vitamin K, focusing especially on SXR modulation, neural differentiation, and antitumor activities, was provided.
Geographical Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Pathogenesis
Authors: Hassan Flaih Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Leishmaniasis is still considered to be a global health problem, which spreads in most countries in the world. Leishmania is an intracellular obligate protistan parasite that causes different clinical symptoms in infected humans and other animals. There are clinically different types of the disease including: visceral, cutaneous or muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis. Approximately, two million new infections occurring annually; 0.7 to 1.2 million cases are recorded with cutaneous leishmaniasis and 200,000–400,000 cases return for visceral leishmaniasis. However, Cutaneous leishmaniasis considers one of uncontrolled wobbling endemic diseases, especially in Iraq, which occurs at the skin to cause a dermal lesion. Usually, the lesion is spontaneously healed to leave a colorless depressed scar and permanent immunity.
Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas
Authors: Baucher Guillaume , Troude Lucas , Roche Pierre-Hugues
Published: March 2022

Spheno-orbital meningiomas are mainly defined as primary en plaque tumors of the lesser and greater sphenoid wings, invading the underlying bone and adjacent anatomical structures. The patients, mostly women in their fifties, generally present with a progressive, unilateral, and nonpulsatile proptosis, often associated with cosmetic deformity and optic nerve damage. Surgical resection is currently the gold standard of treatment in case of optic neuropathy, significant symptoms, or radiological progression. The surgical strategy should take into account the morphology of the tumor, its epicenter at the level of the sphenoid wing, and the invasion of adjacent anatomical structures. Surgery stabilizes or improves visual function and oculomotricity in most cases but it is rare that the proptosis recovers completely. Gross total resection is hard to achieve considering the complex anatomy of the spheno-orbital region and the risk of inducing cranial nerve deficits. Rare cases of WHO grade II or III meningiomas warrant adjuvant radiotherapy. Tumor residues after subtotal resections of WHO grade I meningiomas are first radiologically monitored and then treated by stereotactic radiosurgery in case of progression.
Circumsporozoite Protein from Plasmodium vivax and Its Relationship to Human Malaria
Authors: Moreno Storti-Melo Luciane , Capatti Cassiano Gustavo , Regina de Souza Baptista Andrea , Luiz Dantas Machado Ricardo
Published: March 2022

The circumsporozoite surface protein (CSP) is the most abundant polypeptide in the sporozoite covering. This protein is involved in the motility and invasion of the sporozoite during its entrance in the hepatocyte. Plasmodium vivax CSP sequences analyses revealed that parasites have repeats belonging to three types of peptide repeat units, named VK210, VK247 or P. vivax-like, this last differ from the two previously described variants. All P. vivax CS genotypes have a worldwide distribution by genetic and serological evaluation. Studies have also reported differences in the infectivity of anophelines to the variant genotypes, indicating that different malaria vectors were more susceptible to the infection by VK210. These findings could be a consequence of differences in the emergence of this genotype in specific regions around the world. These polymorphisms are associated to the increase of nonregulated inflammatory immune responses, which in turn may be associated with the outcome of infection. Geographic coexistence of these variants increase drug resistance and also recurrent parasite behavior. Knowledge of the P. vivax genome contributed to several discoveries, however, new studies are still needed to evaluate its potential as a promising vaccine target.
Identification of Multilinear Systems: A Brief Overview
Authors: Dogariu Laura-Maria , Paleologu Constantin , Benesty Jacob , Ciochină Silviu
Published: March 2022

Nonlinear systems have been studied for a long time and have applications in numerous research fields. However, there is currently no global solution for nonlinear system identification, and different used approaches depend on the type of nonlinearity. An interesting class of nonlinear systems, with a wide range of popular applications, is represented by multilinear (or multidimensional) systems. These systems exhibit a particular property that may be exploited, namely that they can be regarded as linearly separable systems and can be modeled accordingly, using tensors. Examples of well-known applications of multilinear forms are multiple-input/single-output (MISO) systems and acoustic echo cancellers, used in multi-party voice communications, such as videoconferencing. Many important fields (e.g., big data, machine learning, and source separation) can benefit from the methods employed in multidimensional system identification. In this context, this chapter aims to briefly present the recent approaches in the identification of multilinear systems. Methods relying on tensor decomposition and modeling are used to address the large parameter space of such systems.
Maize (Zea mays) Response to Abiotic Stress
Authors: Ali Yousaf , Nawaz Taufiq , Ahmed Nazeer , Junaid Muhammad , Kanwal Mehwish , Hameed Fazli , Ahmed Saeed , Ullah Rafi , Shahab Muhammad , Subhan Fazli
Published: March 2022

The most extensively produced crop globally is Maize (Zea mays). Its response to diverse environmental stressors is dynamics and complicated, and it can be plastic (irreversible) or elastic (reversible). There is a wide range of soil and climatic conditions in which Maize can be grown. Climate change, for example, has the potential to impair grain quality and productivity of Maize all over the world. For the best harvest yield, the maize crop requires the right temperature. As a result of climate change, environmental stress factors such as abiotic and biotic stress factors are projected to intensify and become more common. Abiotic stress such as drought, temperature, and salinity are the major constraints limiting Maize’s worldwide production (Z. mays L.). In places prone to various stresses, the development of stress-tolerant crop types will be useful. Drought, salinity, and temperature extremes are examples of abiotic factors that can significantly impact the development and growth of the plant. Furthermore, various management options available may aid in the development of strategies for better maize performance in abiotic stress conditions to understand the maize response to resistance mechanisms and abiotic stress. Therefore, this chapter will focus on the impact of abiotic stress regarding temperature on Maize.
Understanding the Role of Constructed Wetlands in Stormwater Management
Authors: Gato-Trinidad Shirley , Carroll Jamie , Aladin Ezreena , Gilbert Tristan
Published: March 2022

Constructed wetlands have been utilized for some time in the treatment of wastewater and have been recognized for the treatment of stormwater runoff and flood protection in the last couple of decades. Constructed wetlands are built to remove sediment and nutrients, primarily phosphorus and nitrogen, from contaminated water. However, with increased urbanization and enhanced climate change, these constructed wetlands need to be managed and their treatment effectiveness monitored and maintained especially at the post-construction phase. In addition, a greater understanding of the role of these systems in the urbanized environment and how they treat wastewater are needed to optimize their performance. As more advanced computer modeling is developed there is a need to ascertain what parameters and how these changes overtime and what skills are required to enable the adoption of constructed wetlands for future planning and management. There has been limited research into constructed wetlands for flood mitigation and with some receiving inflows larger than their design intent, it is necessary to determine if these systems would still be able to treat pollutants. This chapter involves a review of the literature to address these concerns relating to constructed wetlands.
Companies and Covid-19: Emerging Challenges and Recovery Strategies through Technological Upgrading
Authors: Rangone Adalberto
Published: March 2022

This work aims to outline the emerging challenges that businesses are facing as a result of the pandemic spread of Covid-19 and possible solutions for rapid recovery of production and commercial activities. Studies show that the pandemic situation clearly combines with an evolutionary process already underway (revolution 4.0) that requires a reformulation of business models in a digital key. Through the explanation of the concept of techno-corporate gap, a term we coined, in this work it is shown how the “micro” initiatives of companies in adopting innovative systems have “macro” repercussions on the whole, influencing the well-known process of technological gap of an entire country with respect to others. Investments in innovation and business upgrading, therefore, are observed not only as a means to implement recovery strategies but also as a specific contribution that companies can give to make their country more competitive. Moreover, through the description of what we have called “Strategy Poker,” we explain how, during an extremely delicate situations such as the current one, companies must “to raise” rather than “to fold” in order to maintain the trust of all stakeholders and regain market share.
Mainstreaming Blended Learning in a Low-Income University
Authors: Atieno Ayere Mildred
Published: March 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Maseno University (MU) began to consider institutional shift from traditional face-to-face (F2F) instructions to online and blended modes of teaching and learning. The university was able to draw from its experience with adapted flexible and blended learning (FBL) approaches for high enrollment common courses already offered to students on the Learning Management System (LMS). Several questions have been raised: How to preserve what most lecturers consider as most essential — the regular student interaction, the freewheeling give-and-take discussion sessions — if the class cannot be together in the same physical space at the same time? How to make a synchronous activity dependent course and make it work in a completely asynchronous environment? How to handle the practical based subjects on the online platform? And even if the university is able to find acceptable answers to these questions, where would it begin? However, MU did not try to reinvent the wheel. There were already examples of good practice in a number of common courses had been running on the LMS. The available courses already had a blend of both theory and practical base. The university sought assistance from schools and departments that already had parts of their programmes running on the LMS. They were able to tap into their expertise and get introduced to a valuable collection of resources about online distance teaching and learning (ODTL). That, in turn, assisted the university to develop online or blended versions of its regular F2F courses that far surpassed expectations, judging from how well their courses performed, and get ready for any other unexpected circumstance equal or similar to which the world has had to live through the COVID-19 pandemic.
Necessity, Principle and Technique of Evaluation Model to Assess Sustainability of Oil Palm Plantation in Indonesia
Authors: Mahir Rachman Latief
Published: March 2022

Indonesia should have a scientific-based approach and evaluation system to counteract negative accusations and allegations that Oil Palm Plantations (OPP) in Indonesia are not environmentally friendly, unsustainable, and destroy forests and peatlands. The proposed evaluation instrument basically to assess the OPP sustainability and current productivity also the limiting factors for oil palm production which are useful to determine management recommendations for increasing the productivity of each type of OPP. Basically, the evaluation model assessed recent soil-land and environment conditions/quality and linked it to productivity, and then compared it with soil-land and environment conditions/quality before the land was converted into OPP. After comparing soil-land and environment qualities before and after converted into OPP, hence the balance derived from the increase or decrease in the quality of soil-land and the environment from all OPP types can be calculated as a result of the development of OPPs throughout Indonesia.
Flood Protection by Forests in Alpine Watersheds: Lessons Learned from Austrian Case Studies
Authors: Markart Gerhard , Teich Michaela , Scheidl Christian , Kohl Bernhard
Published: March 2022

This chapter highlights the influence of mountain forests on runoff patterns in Alpine catchments. We discuss the forest impact at different spatial scales and bridge to the requirements for an integrated natural hazard risk management, which considers forest as an efficient protection measure against floods and other water-related natural hazards. We present results from a wide range of research studies from Austria, which all reveal the runoff-reducing effect of forest vegetation in small and medium-size catchments (< 100 km2). Forests also contribute to runoff reduction in heavy rainfall events in macro-scale catchments (> 100 km2), e.g., by reducing surface runoff and delaying interflow, but above all by stabilising slopes and therefore reducing bedload transport during major runoff events. To avoid that forests become a hazard due to enhanced driftwood release, managing of steep riparian slopes for a permanent forest cover (“Dauerbestockung”) is a basic prerequisite. Often protective effects of forests are impaired by man-made impacts like dense forest road networks, insensitive use (e.g., false design of skid roads, compacting machinery, forest operations during adverse weather on wet and saturated soils), and delayed or omitted reforestation and regeneration. Flood risk management in mountain regions should include Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) measures, with particular emphasis on sustainable and climate change-adapted management of protective forests. This will require integrated and catchment-based approaches such as comprehensive management concepts coordinated with spatial planning, and verifiable, practicable and correspondingly adapted legal guidelines as well as appropriate funding of protective forest research to close the existing knowledge gaps.
Geodata Requirements for Mapping Protective Functions and Effects of Forests
Authors: Perzl Frank , Teich Michaela
Published: March 2022

Mapping of protective functions and effects of forests is subject to geodata on 1) natural hazard susceptibilities (hazard potential), 2) assets to be protected (damage potential), and 3) forest conditions, that is, forest use (legal extent) and cover (structure). Objectives in terms of legal definitions of assets and levels of risk acceptance (protection targets) as well as on the necessary and guaranteed reliability of the map products determine the mapping scale and the requirements for the methods and input data to be used. However, applied definitions of protection targets are often missing in the legislative bases and mapping approaches must rather be adapted to the existing geodata, their conceptual data model and quality, than simply using existing methods. Agreeing on the assets to be protected and the quality of their digital representation in terms of spatial resolution, positional accuracy, currentness, topological consistency, and entities is crucial for mapping object protective forests. The reliability of assessing protective effects of forests for large areas based on information acquired with remote sensing techniques depends on the temporal match, spatial and spectral resolutions, and limitations in representing current forest conditions by spectral and elevation data.
Modeling Protective Forests for Gravitational Natural Hazards and How It Relates to Risk-Based Decision Support Tools
Authors: James Laplante D’Amboise Christopher , Teich Michaela , Hormes Anne , Steger Stefan , Berger Frédéric
Published: March 2022

Simulation tools and their integrated models are widely used to estimate potential starting, transit and runout zones of gravitational natural hazards such as rockfall, snow avalanches and landslides (i.e., gravitational mass flows [GMFs]). Forests growing in areas susceptible to GMFs can influence their release and propagation probabilities (i.e., frequency and magnitude of an event) as well as their intensity. If and how well depends on the GMF type, the topography of the terrain and the forest’s structure. In this chapter, we introduce basic concepts of computer models and state-of-the-art methods for modeling forest interactions with rockfall, snow avalanches and landslides. Furthermore, an example of a protective forest routine embedded in the runout angle-based GMF simulation tool Flow-Py will be presented together with its parameterization for forest-GMF interactions. We applied Flow-Py and two custom extensions to model where forests protect people and assets against GMFs (the protective function) and how forests reduce their frequency, magnitude and/or intensity (the protective effect). The goal of this chapter is to describe protective forest models, so that practitioners and decision makers can better utilize them and their results as decision support tools for risk-based protective forest and ecosystem-based integrated risk management of natural hazards.
Helix lucorum lucorum Linnaeus, 1758 (Pulmonata, Helicidae) in the city of Moscow
Authors: Egorov Roman
Published: March 2022

An isolated but numerous population of Helix lucorum lucorum has been found in a small area of the south-western part of Moscow City, in the central part of European Russia for the first time. This is the northernmost known colony of the species.
Vodní měkkýši národní přírodní památky Žehuňský rybník (střední Čechy) [Aquatic molluscs of the Žehuňský rybník National Nature Monument (Central Bohemia)]
Authors: Beran Luboš , Beranová Vendula
Published: March 2022

The Žehuňský rybník National Nature Monument (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) contains a pond (258 ha) with extensive wetlands in its surroundings. Aquatic molluscs of this area were studied in years 2005–2019. Altogether, 34 species were found at 29 sites. Anisus vortex, Planorbis planorbis, Valvata cristata, Stagnicola turricula, Bithynia tentaculata, Bathyomphalus contortus and Planorbarius corneus belonged to the most often recorded species, while 16 species were found at only 1–3 sites. Only old shells of two bivalves (Unio crassus, U. tumidus) were found. Rare and endangered bivalves Sphaerium nucleus and Pisidium pseudosphaerium inhabit large area of the wetlands. One non-native species, Ferrissia californica, was found.
Vzpomínka na Jiřího Kovandu [In memory of Jiří Kovanda]
Authors: Juřičková Lucie , Žák Karel
Published: March 2022

This contribution introduces a profile of the Czech geologist and Quaternary malacologist doc. RNDr. Jiří Kovanda, CSc., who passed away 12th August 2020. A bibliography of his abundant work (yrs 1951–2019) is also included.
Does the World Exist?
Authors: Hill James ,   DePaul University
Published: March 2022

Markus Gabriel’s metaphysical nihilism—elaborated and defended most completely in his book Fields of Sense—contends that there is no legitimate ontological sense or reference attached to the words “the world.” In this paper, I present a detailed case for concluding that this project, at least in its current form, is unsuccessful. I argue, in particular, that Gabriel has at best shown that an absolutely unrestricted extensional domain cannot exist, but that his attempt to parlay this into a general rejection of metaphysics is unsuccessful and indeed incoherent. Finally, I offer a speculative diagnosis of how Gabriel ended up in this predicament.
Childhood obesity
Authors: Jandrić-Kočić Marijana , Selmanović Senada
Published: March 2022

According to the International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision, ICD-11, obesity is classified as an endocrine disease, dietary and metabolic disease (ICD-XI; E66). It is a chronic multifactorial disease accompanied by abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses a health risk. The World Health Organization describes the epidemic of childhood obesity as: "One of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century". According to the same, 41 million children under the age of 5 and 340 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 are overweight or obese. Obesity can have a significant impact on health, well-being (social and psychological) and self-esteem of the child. It is associated with poor academic performance and the lower quality of life a child experiences. An obese child requires an individually tailored multidisciplinary approach. Diagnosis requires a thorough clinical examination that identifies the etiology of obesity, comorbidities present, eating habits, physical activity, social, family, and psychological factors that predispose obesity, readiness, and motivation for treatment. Obesity therapy primarily aims to permanently change the child's eating habits and lifestyle.
Similarities and differences of cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Đenić Aleksandar
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 patients may experience with a wide range of cardiovascular complications during infection: obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease-acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction type 1 and type 2), arterial or venous thromboembolic diseases, myocarditis, pericarditis, pericardial effusion, stress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome), arrhythmias, acute heart failure, shock and sudden cardiac death (cardiac arrest). Cardiovascular complications that may occur after COVID-19 vaccination are: myocarditis, pericarditis, thromboembolic events, hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, stress cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Myocarditis and pericarditis occurred in 3/4 of all cases after the second dose of mRNA vaccine against SARS-COV2 virus, most often in young adults. Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare condition that occurs after vaccination against SARS-COV2, more prevalently in young women (under 50 years of age). The incidence of acute myocardial infarction is 0.02% and 0.03% depending on the type of mRNA vaccine (Pfizer or Moderna), more common in males and the elderly, with symptoms onset the most frequently up to 24 hours after vaccine application. The most common arrhythmias that occur after COVID-19 vaccination are sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular tachycardia. The benefit-risk ratio of COVID-19 vaccination to the occurrence of cardiovascular complications strongly prevails in favor of vaccines for all age groups (older than 12 years) and for both sexes.
Logistics support of the Serbian Armed Forces: Supply and maintenance through public procurement
Authors: Ilić Milan
Published: March 2022

Introduction/purpose: The work is based on the Rule of the Technical Service, the Law on Public Procurement, as well as on the experience gained in performing the duties of the Chief of Logistics in the Logistics Battalion of the Armed Forces. It contains the concept of Logistics Support and presents a part of the supply and maintenance system through Public Procurement in the Logistics Battalion of the Armed Forces. Methods: The theoretical system of supply and maintenance is very complex and consists of a number of elements, organizational units, as well as certain principles. During the implementation, it is necessary to take into account all the principles and adhere to the rules and instructions. Also important was the help of colleagues from the Armed Forces and other state institutions who are in relevant positions and are important for logistics support. Results: The final result of the work is a presentation of some activities performed by the logistics body in the battalion with a review of procurement under account 4252. In the final part of the paper, the emphasis is placed on the instructions which regulate and define the division of procurement in more detail, as well as on the implementation according to expenditure account 4252 on "ongoing maintenance and repair of equipment". Conclusion: During the preparation of the paper, the biggest difficulty was the change of various rules and laws. Some rules and literature were written in the 1970s, and are still in force. A proposal for further tendencies would be to define new rules and organizations based on the experience of the countries in the region where the system has taken root.
Influence of heat input on the tensile properties of austenitic-ferritic welded joints
Authors: Bukvić Aleksandar , Petrović Dalibor , Radisavljević Igor , Dimitrić Saša
Published: March 2022

Introduction/purpose: During exploitation tests of gasoline storage tanks, cracks can form in an austenitic-ferrite welded joint, which can compromise the entire tank. Methods: In order to obtain a welded joint of satisfactory strength and durability, the paper analyzes the influence of heat input on the tensile characteristics of welded joints. In the current literature and practice, additional materials for welding the tank elements are selected according to the chemical compositions of the elements of basic materials, with the help of the Schaeffler diagram. In this paper, the characteristics of welded joints of gasoline storage tanks are examined, when the largest part of the tank is made of fine - grained microalloyed steel NIOMOL 490 K, while the roof part of the tank is made of austenitic steel. Slabs of these two materials were welded by the MIG process with additional material MIG 18/8/6, at different amounts of heat input. Conclusion: The analysis of the results obtained by tensile testing according to SRPS EN ISO 6892-1: 2020 standard concluded that the behavior of the joint as a whole depends on the properties of each individual part of the welded joint and their mutual influence. It was also concluded that the mutual influence is better if welding is performed with a lower amount of heat input, because then a lower degree of mixing of additional material with basic materials is achieved.
Utilização de tubo PVC como ferramenta de proteção de mudas de abóboras (curcubita moschata) no campo
Authors: Oliveira Millena Dutra Rodrigues , Sousa Júnior José Carlos de , Alves Estênio Moreira , Furquim Maria Gláucia Dourado
Published: March 2022

As abóboras são hortaliças pertencentes à família das curcubitáceas, e são importantes tanto no que se refere à saúde e bem-estar, quanto a questões ligadas a economia e desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar. Essas espécies do gênero Cucurbita são oriundas das Américas e são ótimas fonte de ferro, cálcio, magnésio, potássio, além de vitaminas importantes para o ser humano. Nesse sentido o presente trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar o uso do tubo PVC como ferramenta de auxilio na proteção de mudas de hortaliças no campo, com enfoque para produção de abóboras desenvolvida por pequenos agricultores, que por vezes enfrentam problemas com ataques inesperados em suas plantações. O estudo foi realizado por meio de um experimento de doutorado em pleno desenvolvimento, que abrigava em sua base o consórcio de diferentes culturas, onde o intuito era a recuperação da área inserida. A abóbora (curcubita moschata) foi o objeto de análise considerando que a base de sua produção é a agricultura familiar, a fim de contribuir para o melhor desenvolvimento da hortaliça no campo. Os resultados apresentaram-se positivos quanto à utilização da ferramenta em comparação com o período da ausência da mesma, demonstrando que o uso do tubo PVC deve ser considerado para esse fim, não só na proteção de mudas de abóboras, mas também de outras culturas e em diferentes consórcios.
Parâmetros indicativos de qualidade da água e solo em área de agricultura na região de Tailândia, PA
Authors: Almeida Andreza Pereira de , Ferreira Bruna Oliveira , Souza Regilene Angélica da Silva
Published: March 2022

O uso indiscriminado dos recursos naturais foi uma consequência do aumento da demanda por alimentos e continua tendo resultados catastróficos na qualidade da água e solo, recursos essenciais para a manutenção da vida. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os atributos do solo e os parâmetros físico-químicos de qualidade da água na época de estiagem em áreas agrícolas do município de Tailândia, Pará. O estudo foi conduzido em duas propriedades agrícolas enquadradas em média (monocultura/milho) e pequena (agricultura familiar) propriedade. Foram coletados amostras de solo e água. Nas amostras de solos foram determinados os atributos físico-químicos: textura, pH, MO, K, P, Al, t, T, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, m%, H+Al, V%; e na água: pH, CD, OD e turbidez. Foram verificadas potenciais fontes de poluição no uso de insumos agrícolas e a falta adequada de infraestrutura dos poços. Quanto à qualidade das águas, poço e reservatório foram enquadradas como Classe 1 e Classe 3, mas não satisfazem com qualidade seu uso principalmente pela desconformidade com pH, CE e OD. Os solos estudados apresentam textura média. O pH do solo e a matéria orgânica foram os indicadores de qualidade do solo mais representativos das áreas estudadas. Os solos tiveram baixos teores de K e o P, e altos teores de micronutrientes, com destaque o Fe. O manejo das áreas agrícolas contribuiu para o surgimento de processos erosivos, concluindo-se que nas duas propriedades foram reveladas reduzida qualidade do solo e água e a necessidade de monitoramento ao longo de tempo desses parâmetros.