bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Leukocyte Subtypes to High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) Ratios as predictors of Severity and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Hosseini Hossein , Rohani-Rasaf Marzieh , Vatannejad Akram , Kheirollahi Asma , Shabani Maryam , Teimouri Maryam
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Recently, the counts of leukocyte subtypes to HDL-C concentration ratios, including monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR), neutrophil to HDL-C ratio (NHR), lymphocyte to HDL-C (LHR) have been proposed as potential new indices of inflammation. This study aims to investigate the correlation between these indices with the severity and mortality of COVID-19.
Methods: This study is performed on 1224 non-vaccinated and hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The association between blood parameters and indices on admission with severity and mortality are analyzed using multivariate regression models. Receiver operating characteristic curves are used to compare the utility of different blood parameters.
Results: The severe patients and deceased groups show low level of HDL-C, high values of WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, WBC/HDL-C, NHR, MHR, LHR, and EHR compared with the mild and survivor groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis reveals that high levels of WBC, neutrophil, WBC/HDL-C, NHR, MHR, EHR, and low levels of HDL-C are still independently associated with severity and mortality after adjusting for age, gender, and comorbidities. The correlation of LHR with severity and mortality is attenuated to insignificance. Also, patients with high eosinophil and monocyte levels have a higher risk of severe disease. According to the AUC values, the best predictors for severity are the level of WBC, neutrophil, and NHR (AUC: 0.724, 0.725, 0.724 respectively), and the best predictors for mortality are WBC/HDL-C and NHR (AUC: 0.788, 0.790 respectively).
Conclusion: In summary, low level of HDL-C and high level of WBC, neutrophil, WBC/ HDL-C, NHR, MHR, and EHR which can be easily calculated from the CBC and HDL-C concentrations, may provide valuable and readily available prognostic information for severity and mortality of COVID-19.
Effect of Interval Resistance Training with Different Intensities on Some Selected Adipokines in Obese Men
Authors: Yazdkhasti Ensieh , Skishahr Farnaz Seifi , Farzizadeh Reza
Published: December 2023

Objective: Adipose tissue-derived adipokines affect cardiometabolic health. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of interval resistance training with different intensities on leptin, adiponectin, and acrosin levels in obese males.
Materials and Methods: Fourty-four obese males (27.70± 3.02 years) were randomly allocated into four groups: high intensity (HI), moderate intensity (MI), low intensity (LI), and control (C). Subjects of the HI, MI, and LI groups implemented the training program for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensities corresponding 80% 1RM, 60% 1RM, and 40% 1RM,, respectively. Body composition and plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin, and asprosin were evaluated before and after interval resistance training at different intensities.
Results: Following exercise, serum levels of leptin and asporin were significantly reduced in all groups (P< 0.01). The greatest reduction of leptin and asporin levels was recorded in the HI group (P= 0.001, P= 0.01) for leptin and asporsin levels, respectively. The level of adiponectin significantly decreased after exercise in all groups (P< 0.001, F= 12.44). The greatest reduction was observed in the HI group compared with the MI and UI group (P= 0.001).
Conclusion: Interval resistance training with different intensities can cause significant changes in leptin, asprosin, and adiponectin levels in obese men, and this improvement was better at high intensities.
Comparing the Effect of Internet-Delivered Self-Care Training and Play Therapy on the Quality of Life of Children with Type 1 diabetes in 2021 in Isfahan City- Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zargar Fatemeh , Salmani Ailin , Mostofizadeh Neda , Sararoodi Reza Bagherian , Heydari Zahra
Published: December 2023

Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, and its management is associated with many problems. The study aimed to compare the effect of group self-care training and patient child play (PCP) on quality of life (QoL) in children with type 1 diabetes in Isfahan, Iran
Materials and Methods: This randomized trial was done from January 2020 to October 2021 in Endocrine and Metabolism research center of Isfahan University of medical sciences. Seventy- five children aged 8 to 11 years with T1DM who did not have a severe behavioral problem based on the child behavior checklist (CBCL) were simple randomly assigned to three groups: self-care training, play therapy, and control. The self-care group received ten education sessions via the Skyroom and the playgroup performed PCP for ten sessions. The control group did not receive any psychological intervention. All participants received routine diabetes medication. They completed a health-related QoL questionnaire for children (KIDSCREEN-52) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software and analysis of covariance.
Results: A significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test subscales of physical well-being (P= 0.003), psychological well-being (P= 0.003), moods and emotions (P= 0.02), self-perception (P= 0.002), self-autonomy (P= 0.002), parental relationships and family life (P= 0.001), social and peers support (P= 0.04), school environment (P= 0.003) and social acceptance (P= 0.001) in PCP group.
Conclusion: Self-care training and PCP are effective in increasing the QoL, and can be used as a complementary treatment in children with T1DM.
Revolutionary Innovations in Diabetes Research: From Biomarkers to Genomic Medicine
Authors: Addissouky Tamer , Ali Majeed , El Sayed Ibrahim El Tantawy , Wang Yuliang
Published: December 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from inadequate insulin signaling. Current management relies on biomarkers such as hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to guide therapy, but emerging tools offer opportunities to transform care through more personalized approaches. Molecular biomarkers, including microRNAs, metabolites, and proteins, may enable better prediction of disease course and risk of complications in individuals. Genomic medicine leverages knowledge of genetic architecture to guide tailored prevention and treatment based on an individual’s genomic profile. Stem cell research differentiates functional insulin-secreting cells for transplantation into patients as an alternative to exogenous insulin. Gene silencing techniques such as RNA interference can restore defective insulin production and secretion pathways by inhibiting dysregulated gene expression. Artificial intelligence applications automate glucose monitoring, insulin delivery, diagnostic screening for complications, and digital health coaching. Despite barriers to translation, these technologies have disruptive potential for predictive, preventive, precise, and participatory care paradigms in diabetes management. Continued research on molecular biomarkers, pharmacogenomics, stem cell therapies, gene editing, and artificial intelligence (AI) aims to improve patient outcomes through more personalized approaches tailored to the specific biological vulnerabilities underlying each individual’s diabetes.
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
Authors: Thennakoon Sachini M , Withanage Niroshima D
Published: December 2023

The relationship between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of incident T2DM was assessed using a narrative review of available evidence. Higher circulating levels of GGT are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting GGT as a risk predictor of T2DM. The incidence of type 2 diabetes and its association with GGT elevation could be explained by oxidative stress in cells followed by subclinical inflammation and fatty liver, leading to impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance. A strong correlation is evident between BMI and GGT, in which hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance are proposed to be the intermediate connecting characteristics.
Experimental investigation on SiO2 nano particle as additives on performance and emission parameters of diesel engine fueled with castor oil blends
Authors: Durai Charles Samuel , Subramanian Narayanan , Duraisamy Alwyn Joseph
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Today, a lot of research work is carried out in the vegetable oil based fuels which are the blended renewable fuels derived from vegetable oils or the oxygenated fuels which could effect in reduced Carbonaceous emissions. This experimental study investigates the impact of Silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles as additives on the performance and emission parameters of a diesel engine running on castor oil blends.

Materials and methods: Castor oil is a renewable source of biodiesel, but it has limitations such as lower calorific value and higher viscosity compared to conventional diesel. To overcome these limitations, SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. Tests were conducted on a single-cylinder diesel engine under various load conditions using different fuel blends.

Results: Results shows that the addition of SiO2 nanoparticles improved the engine's performance by increasing brake thermal efficiency by 25% and reducing specific fuel consumption by 9%. Carbon monoxide emissions (CO) were decreased by 25%, Hydro Carbon emissions (HC) decreased by 52% with SiO2 nanoparticles while a marginal percentage of NOx was also observed.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of SiO2 nanoparticles as additives in enhancing the performance and reducing emissions of diesel engines using castor oil blends, contributing to the development of sustainable transportation.
Assessment of the causal relationship between air quality of Delhi and neighbouring cities using Granger causality network
Authors: Budakoti Sachin
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The present work addresses the temporal characteristics of air pollution in Delhi and the surrounding five cities during the years 2019 and 2020. Further, we have addressed the hypothesis whether air pollution of a particular city is affected by its neighboring cities.
Materials and methods: To test the hyopthesis we have used the Granger causality test to detect the causal relationship (feedback) between the air pollution of Delhi and its neighbouring cities. Initially we have checked whether the Air Quality Index (AQI) time series are stationary and integrated of the same order. This involved employing a unit root test, specifically Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test followed by Granger causality test.
Results: From the descriptive statistical analysis, it is observed that there is a significant reduction in the air pollution across six cities during the year 2020. From causality network, it is observed that bidirectional and unidirectional causal links exists for 2019 and only unidirectional causal links exists for 2020. Air pollution of Delhi is strongly influencing the air pollution of Gurugram city in the year 2019 evident from the higher values of Indegree (0.7) for Gurugram city and high value of outdegree (0.85) for Delhi city. Unidirectional causal links observed from Gurugram city in 2020, whereas unidirectional causal links observed from Delhi, Gurugam and Lucknow cities in 2019. Network in 2020, consists of lesser number of causal links (5), in comparison to the network in 2019, that comprises of more number of causal links (12) that indicates the impact of lockdown on air quality due to COVID-19.
Conclusion: Air pollution of highly polluted cities affects the cities with low air pollution. Present work helps the policymakers to implement the effective mitigation and measures to control the air pollution at regional scale.
Risk analysis of temperature, humidity, ventilation, use of mosquito repellent, and smoking behaviour on the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Toddlers
Authors: Nabiha Putri Ziha , Azizah R , Zulkarnain Oryza Filial , Rizaldi Muhammad Addin , Febriani Ayu Kartika , Nugraheni Wahyu Pudji , Mahmudah Mahmudah
Published: December 2023

Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are commonly experienced by children, infants, and toddlers. This study analysed the relationship of several factors that cause the occurrence of ARI in Toddlers, namely temperature, humidity, exposure to cigarette smoke, and the use of mosquito repellent.
This study used the meta-analysis method by doing a literature search and then finding the value of the effect size using JASP.
The research with meta-analysis showed that the smoking behaviour of family members is the highest risk of ARI in toddlers with a value of PR=E1.57=4,572 (95% CI 1.28-1.77). Furthermore, ventilation is the second highest risk of ARI in toddlers, with PR=E1.36=3.896. Then the humidity condition with the value of PR=E1.31=3.706. Other variables, such as air temperature risk increasing the incidence of ARI up to 2,829 times, and mosquito coils that had an impact up to 2,293 times increased the risk of ARI in Toddlers.
All variables can increase the risk of ARI in toddlers, with the three most potent variables being smoking behaviour, ventilation, and humidity. Other variables can still increase the risk of ARI in toddlers, but to a lesser extent
Effect of Eight Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training on Tissue Changes and Gene Expression of APP and Tau Indices in the Hippocampus of Rats Addicted to Methamphetamine
Authors: Bahrami Mina , Haghighi Amir Hossein , Asadi-Shekaari Majid , Shahrabadi Hadi , Shafiei Ahad
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The use of methamphetamine (METH) can cause neurotoxicity. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training on tissue changes and gene expression of neurodegeneration indicators in the hippocampal tissue of methamphetamine-dependent rats.
Methods: In this experimental research, 32 male rats were divided into four equal groups of saline, primary methamphetamine (METH-1), methamphetamine+training (METH+HIT) and secondary methamphetamine (METH-2). METH was injected at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight for 21 days. The exercise program (5 sessions per week) included interval training (4 sets of 2 minutes with high intensity and 2 to 4 minutes of active rest between sets) on a treadmill. At the end of the injection and training period, the hippocampus tissue of the rats was extracted to evaluate the pathological changes and gene expression of related indicators. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test at the significance level of (P≥0.05) by GraphPad software.
Results: The results of gene expression in the hippocampal tissue showed that along with METH injection, the expression of α-syn, GSK-3β, CDK5, APP, Tau and p-Tau indicators increased significantly;  nevertheless the exercises (HIT) decreased the expression of the genes of the current research. Pathological studies showed that METH injection caused a significant increase in the destruction of neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and performing intense intermittent exercise had significantly reduced the destruction of neurons.
Conclusion: Methamphetamine has caused intoxication and neurodegeneration, and HIT training has been able to improve these conditions to some extent. More research is needed in this field to reach general conclusions.
Investigating the Effects of 8 Weeks of Resistance Training on the Levels of P53 and Nrf2 Proteins in Kidney Tissue in Diabetic Rats with Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Azadbakht Behzad , Saremi Abbas , Khansooz Mojtaba
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The effect of exercise training on kidney tissue in the condition of diabetes with morphine withdrawal syndrome is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on the levels of P53 and Nrf2 proteins in kidney tissue in diabetic male rats with morphine withdrawal syndrome.
Methods: This experimental study utilized a sample of 32 Wistar rats. Following the induction of diabetes, the Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of eight based on their weight: diabetes, morphine diabetes, diabetes with resistance training, and morphine diabetes with resistance training. The oral technique was employed for a duration of 21 days to establish a reliance on morphine.. The resistance training protocol was implemented for 8 weeks. At the end, all mice were anesthetized, killed and their tissue was extracted. The variable protein levels of this study were measured by ELISA kits. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test with the help of SPSS version 16 software at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.
Results: Resistance training caused a significant decrease in P53 in the groups of diabetes + resistance training (P=0.006) compared to diabetes and morphine diabetes + resistance training (P=0.012) compared to morphine diabetes group. Similarly, a significant decrease in Nrf2 was observed in the morphine diabetes + resistance training group (P=0.013) compared to the morphine diabetes group.
Conclusion: Resistance training probably reduced kidney tissue damage in diabetic and diabetic rats with withdrawal syndrome by reducing P53 protein, which indicates the protective effect of resistance training on kidney tissue in pathological conditions.
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Coated with Polyethylene and Gold as a Suitable Carrier for Doxorubicin and its Effect on Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Nodoushan Fateme Sadeghi , Hakimian Fatemeh , Haghiralsadat Bibi Fatemeh
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Nanotechnology always seeks to provide new solutions for targeted delivery of chemotherapy drugs, in order to increase the quality of cancer treatment and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to load the anticancer drug doxorubicin on Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were subjected to physico-chemical evaluation for their effect on MCF-7 cells.
Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. In this laboratory research, iron oxide nanoparticles were first synthesized by precipitation method. Then they were coated with polyethylene imine and gold. After loading the drug doxorubicin into the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, the physiochemical parameters of the nanosystem from the point of view of insertion efficiency, drug release profile under similar conditions of healthy and cancer cells, size, zeta potential and morphology were determined.
Results: The magnetic nanocarriers had a diameter of 90 nm and a zeta potential of 66.7 mV. The maximum release of the drug from the nanosystem at 37°C, pH=7.4 and 42°C, pH=5.4 and after 48 hourswas 48% and 66%, respectively. The SEM analysis showed the spherical morphology and the absence of chemical interaction between the nanosystem and the drug. The investigation of the performance of the nanosystem indicated an increase in the toxicity of encapsulated doxorubicin compared to free doxorubicin at similar concentrations on the MCF_7 strain.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle system, while having appropriate physiochemical characteristics, does not change the chemical nature of the drug and can be a suitable and semi-targeted carrier for the anticancer drug doxorubicin.
THE STUDY of SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES of CUSCUTA CHINENSIS and ITS TWO HOSTS
Authors: Asadi Samaneh , Moradkhani Shirin
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Cuscuta, (Ces as Persian name) is a parasitic plant with different biological effects and applications. The metabolic profile and effects of the Ces depend on the host on which it grows. Its main components are phenols and flavonoids. Considering the antioxidant effects of these compounds, the purpose of this research was to investigate the antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Cuscuta as well as Mellissa officinalis and Alhaji murarum as hosts.
Methods:  Aqueous, hydroalcoholic extracts of the Cuscuta grown on two hosts were prepared separately. Hydroalcoholic extracts of host plants were also prepared. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated using Folin- Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride colorimetric assays, respectively. In order to investigate the antioxidant activity, the ability of extracts to scavenge DPPH free radical (DPPH 2, 2-(diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and their capacity to reduce iron 3+ion were measured by FRAP method.
Results: The results showed that all the examined extracts have significant phenolic and flavonoid contents. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in hydroalcoholic extracts, which was proportional to the amount of phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extracts. In addition, the extracts of host plants were richer than the parasite extracts. The extract of Mellissa officinalis showed better effects than Alhaji murarum in all of four investigated factors.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, the hydroalcoholic extracts of the Cuscuta plants are rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which may be the cause of the antioxidant activity. Of course, the compounds and effects of Cuscuta depend on the host. In future studies, the plant can be grown in different hosts.
Reflections on appearance and attractiveness in the opinions of elderly women and men
Authors: Czernecka Julita , Kramkowska Emilia
Published: December 2023

An observable feature of post-modernity is the social pressure that forces women and men, regardless of age, to accept the criteria for classifying and valuing the body in the context of a strongly rooted cult of attractiveness, with a youthful appearance at its center, and which is promoted by the mass media. While it is more realistic for younger people to meet these expectations, there can be many difficulties for those who experience progressive body aging. This article presents an analysis of statements made by elderly women and men, in which they share their definitions of attractiveness in general, as well as their opinions on the attractiveness of their appearance and how they evaluate it. The point of reference for these reflections is Catherine Hakim’s concept of erotic capital, in which the attractiveness of an individual is understood in a multidimensional way – including physical appearance, biogenic features, personality traits, and the demographic and social conditions of someone’s image. We are also based on the gendered age approach, i.e. femininity and masculinity are analyzed in the context of the desired appearance in relation to age (here, an old woman and an old man). The collected material leads to the conclusion that, to some extent, seniors have internalized social expectations concerning the appearance of the body of contemporary man, including the appearance of their aging bodies. However, the age of the respondents makes them pay attention to many more elements of human attractiveness than just physicality. Their gender also differentiated their views.
Weeds and ruderal plants as potential sources of inoculum for vegetable diseases in northern Sinaloa
Authors: Félix-Gastélum Rubén , Herrera-Rodríguez Gabriel , Leyva-Madrigal Karla Yeriana , Mora-Romero Guadalupe Arlene
Published: December 2023

Weeds and ruderal plants of the families Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae are addressed as potential sources of inoculum for the development of viral diseases such as Tomato apex necrosis virus (ToANV), zucchini (Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV-W) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Reference is made to weeds and ruderal plants as potential sources of inoculum, including wild sunflower for powdery mildew (Golovinomyces spadiceus), wild tobacco for foliar blight (Alternaria spp.), black nightshade for leaf spot (Curvularia moehlemvekiae), Johnson grass for foliar blight (Alternaria sp.), and wild castor bean for foliar blight (Alternaria ricini) and wild melon for downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis). Future lines of multidisciplinary research focusing on the determination of pathogenicity in cultivated plants of viruses and fungi associated with wild plants and vice versa are proposed; the spatial-temporal distribution of wild plants that may serve as sources of inoculum, as well as the of potential insect vectors of viral diseases, should also be studied. The implementation of modern molecular techniques, such as High Throughput Sequencing, for the detection of phytopathogens is important. All this will contribute to the implementation of environmentally friendly strategies for disease control in agricultural crops in Sinaloa, for the benefit of the vegetable growers.
Comparison of molecular protocols to detect Tomato brown rugose fruit virus in solanaceae hosts
Authors: Zamora-Macorra Erika J. , Aviña-Padilla Katia , Hammond Rosemarie W , Ochoa-Martínez Daniel L
Published: December 2023

The Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has emerged as a significant threat to Solanaceae crops, including tomato and pepper. Its presence in Mexico since 2018 has raised concerns about its impact on agricultural production. Early and accurate detection of this pathogen is essential to prevent its spread and mitigate its effects. In Mexico, several molecular techniques are employed for its diagnosis, including endpoint RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and multiplex RT-qPCR. This research aimed to assess the efficiency of different RNA extraction methods in combination with specific PCR primers for detecting ToBRFV. Among the methods tested, the CTAB-Trizol RNA extraction protocol combined with nested PCR using primers reported by Dovas et al. (2004) was identified as the most sensitive molecular method for detecting the virus. This finding highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate combination of extraction and amplification protocols to achieve optimal sensitivity and accuracy in ToBRFV detection.
Diagrammatic scale to quantify the severity of Ascochyta blight in broad bean crops
Authors: López-Reyes Ernesto Alonso , Castañeda-Vildózola Álvaro , Sánchez-Pale Jesús Ricardo , Contreras-Rendón Alejandra , Fragoso-Benhumea Juyma Mayvé , García-Velasco Rómulo
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to design and validate a diagrammatic severity scale of brown spot on broad bean. We collected 120 leaflets with different level of brown spot damage from commercial crops in the Toluca Valley, which were visually selected based on the expressed symptomology. Sixty leaflets were scanned for evaluation with the software APS PRESS ©Assess 2.0 to determine the real severity value for each leaflet. The damage values allowed us to generate a diagrammatic scale consisting of six different classes: 0(0.0), 1(0.1-6.0), 2(6.1-10.0), 3(10.1-15.0), 4(15.1-40.0), 5(> 40.1-100). The leaflets were visually examined by evaluators who had no prior experience. The results from each evaluator were analyzed with a simple linear regression, obtaining r2 values from 0.0042 to 0.8748, β0 de 0.51 a 9.11, y β1 de 0.132 a 0.925. Using a scale, r2 values were obtained 0.9143 to 0.985, β0 de 0.001 a 0.911 y β1<0.001. The generated diagrammatic severity scale was validated and reproducible, showing high reliability.
Induction of defense response mediated by inulin from dahlia tubers (Dahlia sp.) in Capsicum annuum
Authors: López-Velázquez Julio César , García-Morales Soledad , Qui-Zapata Joaquín Alejandro , García-Carvajal Zaira Yunuen , Navarro-López Diego Eloyr , García-Varela Rebeca
Published: December 2023

Phytophthora capsici is the causal agent of chili wilt. Among the strategies for its control is the use of resistance inducers. Fructans are molecules with interesting biological properties, including the ability to induce resistance mechanisms in some plants. In this work, the protective effect of four concentrations inulin from dahlia tubers on chili infected with P. capsici was evaluated. The concentration that showed the highest protection was chosen to evaluate the induction of defense response through the enzymatic activity of β-1,3 glucanases, peroxidases and the production of total phenolic compounds. Inulin showed a protective effect against infection at concentrations of 100 to 300 μM, as symptoms decreased and seedlings showed improved vegetative development. It was observed that inulin at 200 μM concentration was able to induce an effective defense response associated with increased activity of β-1,3 glucanases and peroxidases through a local and systemic response in seedlings. This response was differentiated between seedlings treated with inulin and seedlings infected with P. capsici. It was concluded that inulin has the ability to protect chili bell pepper from P. capsici by induction of resistance.
El pensamiento rural y reforma agraria en el movimiento estudiantil de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 1979
Authors: Ochoa Perez Paola Andrea , Bernal Villate Sandra Liliana
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Analizar el planteamiento de la ANUC en el año 1979, en contraste con las consignas y prensa de la época en relación a la reforma agraria y el pensamiento de la ruralidad boyacense.
Originalidad/aporte: La investigación evidenciará el grado de relación de los estudiantes de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia con el sector rural, campesino y agrario en las reivindicaciones socio-políticas en 1979.
Método: A partir de la perspectiva histórica, política y social se construye la temática investigativa desde la exploración bibliográfica, el análisis documental de diversas fuentes de prensa local y nacional.
Estrategia/recolección de información: Se realiza una contextualización desde la revisión de los documentos políticos y sociales de la época, enfocada en lo que sucedió en el año 1979, con el análisis de periódicos.
Conclusiones: Evidenciar el pensamiento rural y la relación de los estudiantes de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia con la reforma agraria del año 1979 y el movimiento estudiantil del catedralazo.
Preschool Teachers' Opinions about Disaster Education in the Preschool Period
Authors: Türkoğlu Bengü
Published: December 2023

This qualitative study aims to gather preschool teachers’ opinions about disaster education given in the preschool period. The phenomenological approach was used in the study to describe and explain the experiences related to a particular phenomenon and situation in detail. The research study group consisted of 76 preschool teachers selected through criterion and maximum diversity sampling methods. The data collection tools utilized in this study include a semi-structured "Interview Form" consisting of open-ended questions and a "Personal Information Form." The descriptive analysis technique, one of the qualitative data analysis methods, was used to analyze the data obtained from the interview form. According to the research results, most preschool teachers think disaster education is necessary for the preschool period and emphasize that they aim for children to know the types of natural disasters through disaster education. The basic concepts that should be taught to children about disasters are "danger", "precaution", "risk",and "damage." Preschool teachers generally stated that "earthquake" was the most common disaster and "avalanche" was the least common disaster mentioned in disaster education. Most of the teachers indicated that they regularly incorporate "game" activities in disaster education and the education provided should be appropriate for the children's age. Preschool teachers stated the benefits of disaster education for children as "being prepared for emergencies", "gaining life skills" and "raising awareness." Most preschool teachers agree that effective disaster education should give children "the necessary knowledge and abilities to get ready for and manage disasters".
Exploring high school students’ attitudes towards digital game-based learning: A perspective from Indonesia
Authors: Irwanto Irwanto , Cahyana Ucu , Ayuni Ni Putu Sri , Wijayako Rudi Suhartono
Published: December 2023

Students’ attitudes towards Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) in developing countries such as Indonesia are rarely investigated despite the fact that digital games are being used in secondary education increasingly. This research aims to explore students’ attitudes towards DGBL in chemistry. We used a quantitative study method using a self-reported survey questionnaire. The study included 480 high school students (203 males and 277 females) from various public and private high schools in Indonesia. The present study employed a cross-sectional survey design to collect data in July and August 2023. The DGBL attitude scale was adapted to evaluate students’ attitudes. The questionnaire comprised 22 items assessing students’ attitudes towards digital game-based learning. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as t-tests and a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). As a result, students expressed a slightly positive attitude towards digital games in chemistry learning particularly for learning opportunities. The results also showed that there was a significant gap in students’ attitudes with regard to gender and the daily duration of smartphone use. However, there was no significant gap regarding students’ attitudes towards digital game-based learning. The findings provide valuable insights for game designers and teachers to design and implement educational games that meet student needs and expectations in order to improve learning outcomes. The results are also useful for educators and educational researchers on how demographic factors influence students’ DGBL attitudes in chemistry education in developing countries such as Indonesia.
Medical Use of Intelligent Systems
Authors: Komalasari Rita
Published: December 2023

This essay delves into the ethical implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into medical practice, addressing a critical gap in the existing research. As AI-driven medical systems have gained prominence over the past decade, there is an urgent need to explore the moral dimensions of their utilization. This study holds significant relevance for academics, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, especially those involved in intelligent medical systems. The exploration begins by dissecting the moral dilemmas surrounding AI applications in healthcare, exploring both technological justifications and concerns. The paper evaluates existing taxonomies developed by researchers in the field, shedding light on the issues that emerge during the development of intelligent medical systems. By scrutinizing the ethical reasons behind healthcare practitioners' adoption of intelligent systems, this research contributes valuable insights for a comprehensive understanding of the subject. This analysis not only informs scholars but also provides crucial guidance to government officials and medical professionals navigating the intricate landscape of AI in medicine.
Analysis of Factors Related to Levels of Lead in Urine Mechanical Official Workshops in Banjarbaru City Area
Authors: Farizi Hafiz Al , Suhartono Eko , Prihatini Nopi Stiyati , Marlinae Lenie
Published: December 2023

Lead (Pb) is a class of heavy metals that are most commonly used in the motor vehicle industry because lead reacts easily with other compounds. These compounds produce accumulative neurotoxic toxins that are very harmful to the human body. Workshop mechanics are potentially at risk of lead poisoning. Lead can enter the body through absorption mechanisms (respiratory tract, digestion, and skin). Lead is distributed in the body and eliminated 60% through the kidneys then excreted into urine. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors related to lead levels in the urine of authorized workshop mechanics. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design on 50 respondents of authorized workshop mechanics in Banjarbaru City area by total sampling. Data were analyzed using Spearman Rho test with 95% CI. There was a concentration of lead in the urine of authorized workshop mechanics between 0.024-0.062 mg/L. The results of correlation analysis of age (p-value 0.705), tenure (p-value 0.550) and smoking habits (p-value 0.565) did not have a significant correlation with urine lead levels. There is no relationship between age, length of service and smoking habits on urine lead levels of authorized workshop mechanics in Banjarbaru City area.
Pandawa Seraja (Pramuka Mawas Bencana Sehat Raga dan Jiwa) in SMP Negeri 2 Martapura Timur Banjar Regency
Authors: Erlyani Neka , Anhar Vina Yulia , Noor Ihya Hazairin , Yolanda Zuhrufa Wanna , Damayanti Devi , Nuraida Nuraida
Published: December 2023

Floods are the most frequent disasters globally and cause significant impacts and losses. One of the impacts is psychological impact in the form of fear and anxiety. One-third of the victims were children which can result in psychological "trauma" to victims.East Martapura District is one of seven sub-districts in Banjar Regency which is often affected by flooding.Know that 47 adolescents aged 15-24 years in Banjar Regency were directly affected by the 2021 floods.This activity aims to reduce negative impacts such as stress, depression and others.This activity begins with flood education games by telling experiences or things that are known about flooding, delivering educational videos about flooding and flood preparedness, education about "The Importance of Mental Health During Floods". And finally, students are invited to color the prepared pictures using colored pencils. Evaluation of activities was carried out using a pre-post test.The results of the evaluation showed an increase in knowledge of 83.33%. Apart from that, the psychological assistance provided aims to provide mental readiness for SMPN 2 Martapura scout members to face challenges. Thus, this service not only enriches knowledge, but also helps in developing the physical and mental well-being of active scout participants at SMPN 2 Martapura Timur.
Factors Related to The Incident of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women in Banjar District
Authors: Yuserina Firdha , Budiwinata Winardi , Rahman Fauzie , Fatimah Husnul , Susanto Wetha Exavarani , Yolanda Zuhrufa Wanna , Putri Melati Noormaulidya , Hamdanah Hamdanah , Khaira Nina Ulfatin , Annisa Nor , Ramadhan Chairul
Published: December 2023

Preeclampsia is high blood pressure that often occurs at 20 weeks of gestation until the end of the first week after pregnancy, which is the second highest factor after bleeding which is the cause of maternal death. This study analyzes variables related to factors related to the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province. This study used a cross-sectional research design and used the Fisher exact test with a CI of 0.05 (95%). The sampling technique uses random sampling. The results obtained were that 12 pregnant women who experienced preeclampsia out of 50 respondents. In addition, the results of the study showed that there was no relationship between age (1,000), parity (0.490), and anxiety (1,000) on the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in Banjar Regency. Many factors that may influence whether a pregnant woman will experience preeclampsia or not, this is why all the factors studied are not related to the incidence of preeclampsia.
Boraks Counseling for Food Education for Students at SMK Darussalam, Tanjung Rema, Martapura City
Authors: Khairiyati Laily , Waskito Agung , Marlinae Lenie , Rahmat Anugerah Nur , Azizah Ammara Ulfa , Prilia Dhea Vaneza , Pasha Ni'ma Farida , Kawalo Laura Oksin , Salsabila Salsabila , Akbar Tri Ahdiat
Published: December 2023

Borax is a hazardous Food Additive (BTP) and its use in food is prohibited, as it has the potential to cause disease and even increase the risk of cancer. Many producers misuse it to preserve and improve the structure of food, so it is necessary to intervene in the form of activities to introduce borax detection test skills using simple turmeric principles. This service activity aims to prevent and provide awareness of food safety issues to school students. The methods used in delivering the material are lectures, questions and answers, providing borax detection test skills using simple methods, measuring knowledge after intervention and distributing pocket books. The results of knowledge improvement after education were 69.04% for class X and 57.89% for class XI. The results of measuring the category of knowledge of respondents through filling out questionnaires about BTP borax as much as 70% have a good category but, after getting education about borax has increased to 95%. The results of the paired T test that the sig value is 0.000 <0.05, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the knowledge of respondents Pre-Test and Post-Test or before and after the provision of education about borax.
EFFECT OF QUIZLET USE ON UKRAINIAN SERVICE MEMBERS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY ACQUISITION
Authors: Todorova Nataliia
Published: December 2023

The article focused on exploring the effect of the use of Quizlet on Ukrainian service members’ English vocabulary acquisition and their perceptions of its utilisation in the educational process. A mixed-method research design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches was employed in this experimental study, which consisted of 3 stages. The data for the analysis were collected through 3 survey questionnaires and 2 tests. The obtained results reported a beneficial effect of Quizlet integration into the English language course on the service members’ English vocabulary mastery. The participants demonstrated high learning outcomes and significant English vocabulary acquisition progress after systematic and continued Quizlet utilisation in and out of class. Ukrainian service members positively responded to Quizlet implementation during the course and supported its further integration into the programme. The participants viewed Quizlet as an effective learning tool and highly valued its practical use. They praised Quizlet's simplicity, convenience, mobility, and time-saving abilities but underestimated its motivating and entertaining potential. Under the current conditions of the increased demand for English-speaking personnel, this study can contribute to the development of practice guidelines for the incorporation of Quizlet and other vocabulary-building mobile applications into the English language courses for military professionals at higher military educational institutions.
FACTORS INCREASING SELF-PERCEIVED EFFICACY OF MENTOR TEACHERS: GENERAL AND PERSONAL EFFICACY
Authors: Novocký Michal , Orosová Renáta , Starosta Volodymyr
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyse selected variables which influence the self-perceived efficacy in mentor teachers with regard to mentoring student teachers on placement. The Mentor Efficacy Scale (Riggs, 2000) was used as the measuring instrument. Some items were removed, while others were modified for the purpose of specifically researching mentor teachers. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis was performed (principal component analysis, promax rotation). Based on the result, the final version of the instrument explored two dimensions (general and personal efficacy). Cronbach’s alpha confirmed the optimal internal consistency of both the dimensions and the instrument itself. The research group consisted of 128 respondents cooperating with the Faculty of Arts at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice. The majority of them comprised respondents with 26 – 30 and 31 and more years of teaching practice, 6 – 10 and 11 – 15 years of mentoring practice. A statistically significant difference was identified in the general efficacy of mentor teachers in terms of the completion of training focused on the development of mentoring skills. Another statistically significant difference was identified in the personal efficacy of mentor teachers in terms of the specific type of practice they are mentoring. Other independent variables such as gender, school type, length of the teaching practice, length of the mentoring practice, teaching qualifications, and position of an official mentor for entry-level colleagues, did not make a statistically significant difference in the perceived general and personal efficacy in mentor teachers. Our findings probably indicate that further education focused on mentoring boosts mentor teachers’ cooperating with Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice trust in the benefits of mentoring. Their engagement in the student training boosts their conviction that the students of teaching should receive career development support.
TRANSLATION AND TEACHING OF CLASSICAL ANCIENT GREEK LITERATURE IN UKRAINE: CULTURAL INFLUENCE AND HISTORICAL DIMENSION
Authors: Kornieva Zoia , Borbenchuk Iryna , Baklazhenko Yuliia
Published: December 2023

The article studies the translation of the Ancient Greek literature into Ukrainian as an important and historically conditioned process that influenced the translation tradition in Ukraine. The authors trace the history of translation dating from the period of Kyivan Rus to modern times by applying linguistic, chronological and thematic approaches. As a result of the conducted study the authors define main directions and trends of assimilation of the classical Ancient Greek literature by the Ukrainian context through translation in its cultural and historical dimension, as well as characterize the translations of the Ukrainian scientists and outline their contribution into the classical literature corpus formation. It has been revealed that in different historical periods, translated literature performed definite functions (it was used in religious worship, as the material for original literature creation, in intellectual discussions). Since the 19th century, there existed a tendency when translators (M. Zerov, I. Franko, Lesya Ukrainka, V. Svidzinskyi, P. Nishchynskyi, M. Rylskyi, G. Kochur, Borys Ten, M. Lukash, M. Moskalenko, A. Sodomora, etc.), guided by their own preferences, cultural trends, national needs, political attitudes, consciously chose original texts for translation, carried out scientific investigations and added commentaries to their publications, thereby creating a scientific discussion in the Ukrainian society. It was also found out that translations of Homer's works into Ukrainian led to the emergence of a certain translational tradition (the same phenomenon is observed in Western Europe), when Ukrainian translators developed a methodology that allowed them not only to convey the ideological and content component of the original poems, but also to reproduce the rhyming of ancient poetry. The paper concludes that modern translators from the Ancient Greek language continue to popularize ancient literature and the legacy of the holy fathers, thereby supporting the continuity of the Ukrainian school of translation.
Nonlinear Orbital Stability of Periodic Motions in the Planar Restricted Four-Body Problem
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Bardin B. S. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Sukhov E. A. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Volkov E. V.
Published: December 2023

In this work we study the nonlinear orbital stability problem for periodic motions emanating from the stable relative equilibrium. To describe motions of the small body in a neighborhood of its periodic orbit, we introduce the so-called local variables. Then we reduce the orbital stability problem to the stability problem of a stationary point of symplectic mapping generated by the system phase flow on the energy level corresponding to the unperturbed periodic motion. This allows rigorous conclusions to be drawn on orbital stability for both the nonresonant and the resonant cases. We apply this method to investigate orbital stability in the case of third- and fourth-order resonances as well as in the nonresonant case. The results of the study are presented in the form of a stability diagram.