bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basque Resultatives and Related Issues
Authors: Bavant Marc
Published: June 2013

Marc Bavant. Basque Resultatives and Related Issues. Lingua Posnaniensis, vol. LIV (2)/2012. The Poznań Society for the Advancement of the Arts and Sciences. PL ISSN 0079-4740, ISBN 978-83-7654-252-2, pp. 7-22.

Basque has an impressive number of resultative constructions for transitive verbs, not to mention dialectal variants. The purpose of this paper is to classify them according to Nedjalkov’s typology and compare Basque resultatives with similar periphrastic constructions in Classical Armenian. On the way, we meet the questions of Basque diatheses, of voice ambiguity of past participles, and of the affinity between possession and resultativity. The paper is based on material available in the literature and discussions with a native speaker or a specialist of the field. It appears that only “mediopassive”, a detransitivizing transformation, can be considered a diathesis, whereas the so-called “passive” and “antipassive” are respectively an objective and a subjective resultative. Also LAFITTE’S so-called “parfait” (1979) is a resultative, possessive in form and rather subjective in meaning. Classical Armenian displays a strikingly similar series of resultatives and the same kind of voice ambiguity for its past participle. It is hypothesized that the voice ambiguity may be related to the existence of a possessive resultative construction.
The Lithuanian Have-Resultative – A Typological Curiosum?
Authors: Wiemer Björn
Published: June 2013

Björn Wiemer. The Lithuanian HAVE-resultative - A Typological Curiosum? Lingua Posnaniensis, vol. LIV (2)/2012. The Poznań Society for the Advancement of the Arts and Sciences. PL ISSN 0079-4740, ISBN 978-83-7654-252-2, pp. 69-81.

This article presents the Lithuanian possessive resultative construction with the verb turėti ‘have’ and discusses its place in a typology of forms of resultative constructions. While possessive resultatives with a past passive participle (as in Polish Kolację mamy już przygotowaną lit. ‘We have the dinner already prepared’) are found in areally related as well as other languages, Lithuanian stands out in using an active participle (more precisely: a participle always oriented toward the highest-ranking argument). The construction can be regarded as a rarum. However, it most probably did not develop in the way proposed by HARRIS (2010) as explanation for the emergence of rara. The rarity of the Lithuanian construction calls for an in-depth diachronic study, whose results may shed new light on the development of rare linguistic features.
Influence of Five Clonal Rootstocks on the Growth, Productivity and Fruit Quality of ‘Sylvia’ and ‘Karina’ Sweet Cherry Trees
Authors: Sitarek Mirosław , Bartosiewicz Barbara
Published: June 2013

In the field experiment, 8-year-old ‘Sylvia’ and ‘Karina’ sweet cherry trees grafted on ‘GiSelA 3’, ‘GiSelA 5’, ‘Piku 4’and ‘Weiroot 72’ clonal rootstocks were compared with trees of the same cultivars on the standard rootstock F 12/1. The data collected included tree vigour (expressed as trunk cross-sectional area − TCSA), yield, and fruit weight as well as content of soluble solids in fruit.

Based on TCSA, the largest ‘Sylvia’ and ‘Karina’ trees were on ‘F12/1’, and the smallest were on ‘GiSelA 3’. The results revealed that all of the tested rootstocks being compared to ‘F 12/1’, significantly reduced the growth of sweet cherry trees.

‘Sylvia’ trees on ‘GiSelA 5’ and ‘Piku 4’ yielded more than those on ‘F12/1’. The highest cumulative yields of ‘Karina’ were harvested from trees on ‘GiSelA 5’. ‘Karina’ trees on ‘GiSelA 3’, ‘Piku 4’ and ‘Weiroot 72’ performed comparably in cumulative yields to those on ‘F12/1’. Rootstock effects on yield efficiency were consistent between the two cultivars, with the most yield efficient trees on ‘GiSelA 3’, ‘GiSelA 5’ and ‘Weiroot 72’, and the least efficient trees on ‘F12/1’.

Trees of both cultivars grafted on ‘GiSelA 3’ produced significantly smaller fruits than those grafted on ‘F 12/1’. The rest of the rootstocks, tested in terms of an effect on fruit weight (with the exception of ‘Karina’ on ‘Weiroot 72’), had a similar value to ‘F 12/1’. Effects of rootstock on content of soluble solids in fruit were modest and statistically insignificant.
Eleven Year Evaluation of American (Geneva®) and Polish Rootstocks with ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’ Apple in Poland
Authors: Czynczyk Alojzy , Bielicki Paweł
Published: June 2013

A field study of dwarf apple rootstock performance using ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’ as scion cultivar was conducted during the year 2001-2011. The study included 6 rootstocks from Cornell Geneva rootstock breeding program (G.11, G.16, G.41, G.202, CG.3007 and CG.4013) 4 rootstocks from the Polish rootstock breeding program (P 14, P 16, P 59 and P 60) and 3 Malling rootstocks as control (M.9 T337, M.9 Pajam 2 and M.26). During the eleven years of growth (2001-2011), there was no tree loss due to root system or cultivar damage caused by frost or diseases including fire blight (Ervinia amylovora Burr. Winsl.) infestation on the rootstock. Trees growing on P 59 and P 16 had the weakest growth while the strongest growing trees were on P 14, M.26, P 60, G.202 and CG.4013. The size of the trees on M.9 Pajam 2, G.16, G.41, CG3007 and CG.4013 were similar to that of the trees growing on the standard rootstock M.9 T337, while the trees on P 59, P 16 and G.11 were significantly smaller from standard trees on M.9 T337. After eleven years of the growth, the cumulative yield varied from 56.7 kg (on P 59) to 237.8 kg (on CG.4013). High yields were also obtained from vigorously growing trees on: G.202, P 14, G.41 and M.26. The cumulative yield expressed as yield per cm2 of trunk cross-sectional area was highest for trees on G.11, P 16, M.9 Pajam 2 and G.41 and lowest for vigorously growing trees on P 60, P 14 and M.26. In 2009, a year of good cropping, the mean mass of fruits varied from 140 g on G.16 to 213 g on P 60. The fruit size from trees on P 14, M.26 and P 16 was statistically similar to fruits from trees on M.9 T337. The results of the eleven-year study lead to the conclusion that the rootstocks G.11 and G.41, which are highly resistant to fire blight, can be recommended for growing ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’ apple in the Polish climate, similarly to trees on M.9 T337, P 16 and M.9 Pajam 2. For orchards located on light soils the following rootstocks are also promising: G.202, CG.3007, CG.4013 and P 14 and P 60 rootstocks of polish selection.
Effects of Nutrient Sources on the Early Growth of Pineapple Plantlets (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) in the Nursery
Authors: Olusegun Omotoso Solomon , Akinkunmi Akinrinde Ezekiel
Published: June 2013

Inadequate information on the nutrition of pineapple limits its commercial production in Nigeria. The effects of poultry manure and urea (each at 50 and 100 kg N ha-1), as well as their 1:1 (organo-mineral) combinations at 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1, on the early (nursery) growth of pineapple plantlets. Organo-mineral fertilization at 100 kg N ha--1 resulted in the highest D-leaf length, number of leaves, root length and leaf area, while the highest biomass production (approx. 304 g, just within the 300-400 g desirable range for transplanting to the field) was achieved at 150 kg N ha-1.
Quality of Apple Maidens as Influenced by the Frequency of Application of Different Fertilizers in the Organic Nursery − Preliminary Results
Authors: Grzyb Zygmunt S. , Piotrowski Wojciech , Bielicki Paweł , Sas Paszt Lidia
Published: June 2013

A study was conducted in an organic nursery, in 2010 and 2011, on the growth of scab-resistant maiden apple trees of the cultivars Topaz and Ariwa grafted on M.26 rootstock. The young trees were grown at a spacing of 25 cm × 1.0 m on a podzolic soil. On the basis of the differences in the thickness and height of the maidens, and the number of lateral shoots and their length, as well as the number of branched trees, the effects of various fertilizers were studied depending on the number of treatments applied to the plants, which were treated either once or twice with such products as granulated manure, Micosat, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, BF Amin, BF Quality, Tytanit and Vinassa. The control plants were not fertilized at all, or fertilized with NPK. The fertilizers were applied the first time to the soil and plants in the nursery in mid-May and the second time in early June. The results showed that using them in a double treatment did not result in improved plant growth in every case. Two applications of humic preparations, the so-called vermiculites (Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM with the addition of beneficial bacteria), BF Quality, and to some extent also BF Amin gave better results in terms of the quality of maiden trees than a single application of these products, whereas in the case of preparations such as Tytanit and Vinassa, treating plants with them for the second time did not result in a significant increase in the intensity of plant growth in relation to the plants treated only once during the early period of growth
The Comparison of Sensory Quality and Processing Potential of ‘Topaz’ Apples Grown in Organic Orchards and Orchards Managed in Integrated Production System
Authors: Konopacka Dorota , Kaczmarek Urszula , Matulska Aneta , Wawrzyńczak Anna , Kruczyńska Dorota , Rutkowski Krzysztof P.
Published: June 2013

The aim of the study was to compare the sensory quality of scab resistant ‘Topaz’ apples grown in certified organic orchards (ECO) with those grown in orchards managed within integrated method (IP), and to determine their potential processing suitability. Fruits were harvested in five certificated IP and ECO orchards at the optimum ripeness stage and stored for two months in normal atmosphere at 1 ºC. Apple quality was assessed one day after cold storage and after 7 days of storage at the temperature 18 ºC to simulate shelf life. The results of taste and flavour sensory assessment did not explicitly demonstrate the effect of the orchard management system on the overall eating quality. Although the fruits from the organic orchards were perceived as less sweet and sourer, the management system did not influence the overall eating quality. There was no effect of the growing technology on quality traits connected with aroma and overall texture assessment. Regarding appearance evaluation, fruits from organic orchards were characterized by a higher variation in shape and size, and more frequently than in the case of IP apples had blemishes, scars and rust, which negatively affected their attractiveness. Analysis of the chemical composition of fruits indicates that apples from organic orchards are characterized on average by higher titratable acidity and higher soluble solids content than apples from IP orchards, which could favour their potential application as the additive regulating acidity and shaping the desirable sensory traits of processed organic products.
Economics of the 2009-2012 Organic Apple, Strawberry, and Sour Cherry Production in Poland
Authors: Brzozowski Piotr , Zmarlicki Krzysztof
Published: June 2013

Certified organic farm area in Poland increased 8.5 fold during the 2003-2010 time period to 518 thousand ha, which constituted 2.8% of the arable land. The production costs and profitability of the organic fruit production of apples, strawberries, and sour cherries were evaluated and compared to conventional production of those fruits. The research was based on data from thirty-two commercial fruit farms; twenty farms with conventional production, and twelve with organic production. The main problems associated with organic production were the costs of weed control and soil cultivation. The conventional production of apples turned out to be slightly more profitable than the organic production. The organic production of sour cherries was not profitable. In the case of strawberries, it was the opposite - the organic production gave a better financial outcome than the conventional one
The Modern Insecticide (Chlorantraniliprole) Used to Control Codling Moth (Cydia Pomonella L.)
Authors: Pluciennik Zofia
Published: June 2013

Abastract

A series of experiments aimed at testing the usefulness of the new chemical chlorantraniliprole (rynaxypyr) in the control of codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) were conducted in the 2006-2007 time period. The product was applied in various doses: 0.075, 0.125, 0.175, and 0.2 l/ha. The control treatments were applied 2 or 3 times, depending on pest threat. The insecticide was applied in the period of codling moth mass flight. It was noted, that there was a significant reduction in the amount of fruit the codling moth larvae were able to damage in all the conducted experiments. Very good results in codling moth control were obtained after application of the tested product at a dose of 0.125 l/ha and higher.
New Basal Media for Protocorm-Like Body and Callus Induction of Hybrid Cymbidium
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A.
Published: June 2013

High frequency protocorm-like body (PLB) production from hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’ has been developed through a new medium, Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium. Two new TC media containing variable amounts of macroand micronutrients and other additives, inspired by Winarto and Teixeira (WT) medium for Anthurium and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were used to induce PLBs and callus. Control medium was research- and industry-standard Vacin and Went (VW) medium. The first TC medium, TCPLB, could induce significantly more PLBs than on VW while high levels of macronutrients in the second TC medium, TCCALLUS, and MS were required to induce callus. All PLB induction media contained 0.1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg/l kinetin (KIN), 2 g/l tryptone and 20 g/l sucrose, and solidified with 8 g/l Bacto agar while callusinduction media were identical, except that KIN was substituted by thidiazuron (TDZ). Basal medium had a significant effect on PLB and callus formation. This protocol could be used to induce PLBs and callus from other Cymbidium species or cultivars.
The Effect of Postharvest Treatments on Flower Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria ‘Dancing Queen’
Authors: Yeat Choon Sea , Szydlik Marta , Łukaszewska Aleksandra J.
Published: June 2013

Alstroemeria is one of the most popular cut flowers in Europe, due to its postharvest longevity and a wide colour palette. However, premature leaf yellowing reduces the ornamental value of the flowering stems even before opening of the secondary florets in cymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of sucrose, gibberellin and 8-hydroxychinoline citrate as postharvest treatments of cut Alstroemeria ‘Dancing Queen’.

Several “flower models” were used to distinguish the effects of the chemicals on senescence of flowers and leaves in the above cultivar. Flowering stems were harvested in November 2011 and March 2012 and the response to treatments for both dates differed: while the longevity of primary and secondary florets was prolonged by the standard preservative (8-HQC+S) in the autumn, there was no difference for the spring collection date. For the March harvest, the secondary flower buds opened faster than for the November harvest, where bud opening was generally hastened by 8-HQC+S. Also, the flower model affected floret longevity and changed the response to the treatments: florets on defoliated flowering stems responded better to the preservative than those on stems with leaves. Florets from different flower models differed in diameter: those from complete stems were usually larger than those from isolated cymes. The secondary florets were much smaller than the primary florets, especially in isolated cymes. Both, GA3 and the standard preservative significantly increased the second floret diameter in all models; however, there were no additive effects of the treatments. GA3 significantly postponed leaf yellowing in all floral models while the sugar-containing preservative had little effect. Generally, the flower model had significant effect on leaf longevity.
Effects of Anti-Ethylene Treatments on Ethylene Production and Antioxidant Activities in Cut Spray Carnation
Authors: Karimi Mahnaz , Hassanpour Asil Moazzam , Nematzadeh Ghorbanali , Zakizadeh Hedayat
Published: June 2013

The present investigation was aimed to study changes in ethylene production, ACC content and antioxidant enzymes of cut spray carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers that had been treated with amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA), benzyladenine (BA) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Maximum vase life in ‘Optima’ spray carnations was obtained with 0.6 mg l-1 1-MCP. Ethylene production was significantly decreased by AOA at concentrations over 100 mg l-1, BA at 30 mg l-1, and 1-MCP at all concentrations, compared with the control. A significant increase in ACC content was observed in 1-MCP treated cut flowers compared with the control. However, the decline in ACC content was observed after using 100 or 150 mg l-1 AOA. A significant increase in SOD, CAT and POX enzyme activities was observed in the treatment with 0.6 mg l-1 1-MCP.
On the response of Himalayan glaciers to climate change
Authors: Banerjee Argha , Shankar R.
Published: June 2013

Modelling the response of Himalayan glaciers to rapid climate change is an important problem. The poorly understood effects of debris cover and the variable response of the glaciers have made it difficult to understand their dynamics. We propose a simple model for debris-covered glaciers and validate it against data from Dokriani Glacier, India. Numerical investigations of the model show that the response of debris-covered glaciers to a warming climate has two timescales. There is a period when the glacier loses ice by thinning but the front is almost stationary and it develops a long, slow-flowing tongue. This stationary period, which can be >100 years for glaciers with a large extent of debris cover, is negligible for bare glaciers. The quasi-stagnant tongue does not develop in response to cooling. An analysis of remote-sensing data in the light of these results indicates that the variable response of the glaciers in the Himalaya is consistent with a climate that is warming on average, but has considerable spatial variability in the warming rates. We estimate the average warming rate to be about the same as the global average.
Lidar measurement of snow depth: a review
Authors: Deems Jeffrey S. , Painter Thomas H. , Finnegan David C.
Published: June 2013

Laser altimetry (lidar) is a remote-sensing technology that holds tremendous promise for mapping snow depth in snow hydrology and avalanche applications. Recently lidar has seen a dramatic widening of applications in the natural sciences, resulting in technological improvements and an increase in the availability of both airborne and ground-based sensors. Modern sensors allow mapping of vegetation heights and snow or ground surface elevations below forest canopies. Typical vertical accuracies for airborne datasets are decimeter-scale with order 1 m point spacings. Ground-based systems typically provide millimeter-scale range accuracy and sub-meter point spacing over 1 m to several kilometers. Many system parameters, such as scan angle, pulse rate and shot geometry relative to terrain gradients, require specification to achieve specific point coverage densities in forested and/or complex terrain. Additionally, snow has a significant volumetric scattering component, requiring different considerations for error estimation than for other Earth surface materials. We use published estimates of light penetration depth by wavelength to estimate radiative transfer error contributions. This paper presents a review of lidar mapping procedures and error sources, potential errors unique to snow surface remote sensing in the near-infrared and visible wavelengths, and recommendations for projects using lidar for snow-depth mapping.
Suffering and Scholarship: The Contexts of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey's Ecclesiastes
Authors: Taylor Andrew
Published: June 2013

Surrey's partial translation of the Book of Ecclesiastes seem to have offered him a more sustained, ambitious, and complex encounter with a biblical text than his better known psalm paraphrases. It may be seen as having been conceived within the fractured field of humanist paraphrase and theological interpretation; his work lies generically across the broken ground where humanist and evangelical encounters with the text radically reshaped and contested the ultimate message of this obscure and recalcitrant biblical book.
The Politics of the Partial Translations of the Aeneid by Dudley Digges and Marie de Gournay
Authors: Brammall Sheldon
Published: June 2013

This is a comparative study of two almost exactly contemporary translations of Book 4 of Virgil's Aeneid: Marie de Gournay's of the last 500 lines (published 1620), and Sir Dudley Digges’ of the whole Book (published 1622). I show how these translators participated in what could be called ‘communities of Virgil translation’ in the early seventeenth century: they were both conspicuously part of local cultures of appropriating and translating Virgil, and these cultures provide the necessary context for reading these works. Second, I argue that one of the distinctive qualities of partial translations of the Aeneid in the early seventeenth century is that they make it possible to draw out particular political themes quickly and to enter them into the public debate. These themes are certainly not always the obvious ones.
‘Every Irishman is an Arab’: James Clarence Mangan's Eastern ‘Translations’
Authors: Fegan Melissa
Published: June 2013

This article examines James Clarence Mangan's ‘Literæ Orientales’, six articles he published in the Dublin University Magazine between 1837 and 1846. Many of the translations of Persian and Turkish poems Mangan offers in these articles are, in fact, original poems masquerading as translations, and Mangan uses them, and his reflections on orientalism and contemporary translation theory, to critique the ignorance and arrogance of Western attitudes to Eastern literature and culture, and undermine facile notions of transparent translation. He also plays on the long-standing association of Ireland and the East, seen in Mangan's Dublin University Magazine colleague Samuel O'Sullivan's labelling of papists and nationalists as ‘Affghans at home’, to plant subversive comparisons of the Irish and Oriental colonized in the journal of Anglo-Irish cultural hegemony.
« J'ai eu connaissance par le journal » Synchronicité et actualités
Authors: Serina Florent
Published: June 2013

Suivant la thèse de Sonu Shamdasani selon laquelle les travaux de C. G. Jung sur la synchronicité sont une tentative de compréhension en termes scientifiques de ses rêves et visions liés à la Première Guerre mondiale, cette étude historique, consacrée à l’apparition de ces phénomènes de coïncidences signifiantes dans la vie de C. G. Jung, vise à enrichir ce propos par des éléments qui, jusqu’à présent, n’ont pas encore été apportés à la discussion.
Frères et Sœurs – pour le meilleur et pour le pire
Authors: von Benedek Lisbeth
Published: June 2013

Loin d’être un simple déplacement des sentiments très ambivalents des enfants pour leurs parents vers la fratrie, les relations fraternelles ont leur propre dynamique. Elles préfigurent le processus de différenciation entre soi et l’autre. Le frère, la sœur – image à la fois du semblable et de l’autre – met en lumière les enjeux archétypiques et pulsionnels qui contribuent fortement à la construction de l’identité et des relations avec les autres. Premières figures de l’altérité, les frères et les sœurs sont des cibles de projection immédiatement disponibles et peuvent incarner des facettes inacceptables de soi-même. L’apprentissage de l’ambivalence des sentiments, mais aussi de la complicité et de la solidarité créées par le partage des premières expériences de la petite enfance au sein de la fratrie, accompagnent toute la vie. Par ailleurs, les complexes fraternels ont un impact sur la dynamique de tout groupe et de toute affiliation.
La mort comme signifiant de rupture
Authors: Barros Gewehr Rodrigo
Published: June 2013

Cet essai cherche à ajouter quelques arguments concernant les mésententes entre Freud et Jung. Comme l’histoire de la psychologie des profondeurs l’a montré, ces deux chercheurs ont construit une amitié pour ensuite se séparer l’un de l’autre, aussi bien au niveau personnel que théorique. Plusieurs raisons ont déjà été avancées pour rendre compte de cette rupture, mais l’auteur pense qu’il y a encore quelques pièces à ajouter, notamment en ce qui concerne les aspects épistémologiques et ontologiques en jeu dans leur relation théorique. En d’autres termes, leurs conceptions sur la nature de la psyché ont-elles joué un rôle dans les difficultés qui ont mené à la fin de leur collaboration ? Quelques réponses y sont apportées par le biais de leur correspondance, soulignant notamment les rapports qui se dessinent entre les aspects théoriques et leur relation personnelle. La mort, finalement, apparaît comme signifiant de l’impossible dans cette rencontre.
S'attacher à faire ce qui vient à l'esprit
Authors: Delapalme Flore
Published: June 2013

Abstract En suivant les pas de Jung à la recherche de son mythe, on obtient quelques indications sur la façon de s’y prendre pour « entrer dans ce qui est sien » : s’attacher à faire ce qui vient à l’esprit, à la manière d’un enfant s’adonnant à ses jeux.
Lévi-Strauss et le marxisme
Authors: Karsenti Bruno
Published: June 2013

Dans cet essai, nous cherchons à ressaisir le sens politique du structuralisme à la lumière d’un rapprochement inattendu, présenté à la fin de Tristes Tropiques, entre le bouddhisme et le marxisme. On s’est beaucoup interrogé sur ce que le marxisme a apporté en propre à l’anthropologie structurale de Lévi-Strauss, et cela dès la parution du livre de Lucien Sebag, Marxisme et structuralisme, en 1964. Dans le même temps, le marxisme officiel, dans ses différentes tendances, avait attaqué une approche des structures de l’esprit comme une dérive idéaliste. Nous avons voulu déplacer complètement la question en prenant à la lettre la comparaison audacieuse que risque Lévi-Strauss, en quelques pages, où le marxisme comparaît comme ce qui, en Occident, fait écho à un processus de transformation du monde social dont l’Orient, en son propre sein, a inscrit par avance la possibilité. Ainsi, c’est une différence interne à l’Orient qui sert, en bonne méthode structurale, à penser une différence significative, mais inaperçue, dans notre propre culture. Et la pensée marxiste, inscrite sous le signe d’une volonté de transformation du monde plutôt que d’interprétation, est replacée dans un cadre qui la modalise, en même temps qu’elle en révèle la portée réellement critique.
La mobilisation électorale en 2012
Authors: Muxel Anne
Published: June 2013

L‘électeur français n’est plus un électeur systématique et sa participation est devenue intermittente. Seule l’élection présidentielle continue de mobiliser massivement. En 2012, le niveau de participation rompt avec le cycle abstentionniste du quinquennat de Nicolas Sarkozy. Néanmoins, comparée à la mobilisation des Français en 2007, elle connaît des reculs significatifs dans presque tous les segments de la société. Cet article s’appuie sur les données des enquêtes électorales du Cevipof et examine les évolutions de la participation selon les caractéristiques sociologiques et politiques des différents électorats. En comparant les trois dernières élections présidentielles (2002, 2007 et 2012), il évalue les parts respectives de l’abstentionnisme sociologique et de l’abstentionnisme politique, et revisite les ressorts explicatifs de la participation électorale.
Des RI françaises en émergence ?
Authors: Cornut Jérémie , Battistella Dario
Published: June 2013

Cet article établit un état des lieux des Relations internationales (RI) françaises à partir des réponses obtenues dans le quatrième sondage TRIP ( Teaching, Research, and International Policy ) auquel 3 466 internationalistes de 20 pays différents – et, parmi eux, 101 Français – ont participé en septembre 2011. Le bilan qui ressort de cette étude – portant sur la place des RI dans l’université française, l’éventuelle existence de RI à la française, le positionnement des internationalistes français par rapport aux tendances en cours dans les RI mondiales, leur attitude par rapport aux praticiens des relations internationales, et la question de la langue française – est ambigu : se dessinent les prémices d’une émergence des RI françaises, même si un certain nombre d’éléments invite à relativiser ce constat.
An XML Modular Approach in the Building of Remote Labs by Students: A Way to Improve Learning
Authors: Pastor-Vargas Rafael , Sánchez Daniel , Ros Muñoz Salvador , Hernández Berlinches Roberto , Caminero Agustín Carlos , Tobarra María de los Llanos , Robles-Gómez Antonio , Castro Gil Manuel , Diaz Orueta Gabriel , San Cristobal Elio , Tawfik Mohamed
Published: June 2013

Practical knowledge is increasingly getting more attention in the higher education, especially in the field of engineering education. Engineering is a discipline which has, by its own definition, a large amount of practical contents. Allowing students to interact with real equipment can give to them a qualitative knowledge that cannot be obtained in other way. In this situation, remote laboratories are especially useful. This paper presents a way of reusing remote labs code by its XML representation. The idea is that students learn not only the basic subjects of the course, even more, that students do not only manipulate lab equipment. The idea is to give the students a practical way to check the potential of work organization and to give a taste of the powerfulness of code reusing, that is, in the end, a way to improve work efficiency
Fostering the Creative Attitude with Remote Lab Learning Environments: An Essay on the Spirit of Research in Engineering Education
Authors: Terkowsky Claudius , Haertel Tobias
Published: June 2013

Creativity has been proclaimed to be one of the most important 21st century skills. Facing tremendous problems, creativity and innovation were seen as key factors of a knowledge-based society able to cope with ongoing and future problems. As Engineers are addressed to play an important role in facing these challenges, the question arises in which way universities could contribute to educate crea-tive engineers. This slightly provoking essay inducts possible boundary conditions and constraints of fostering creativity in engineering education. Moreover, it presents first results from a small-sample pre-study on higher engineering educa-tion curricula, conducted in the funded German project â??ELLIâ??Excellent Teaching and Learning in Engineering Educationâ?, which suggests a lack of creativity education in the examined curricula. Furthermore, a descriptive analysis of the didactic approach of the finished EU-project â??Pe-TEXâ??Platform for E-Learning and Telemetric Experimen-tationâ? provides information about possibilities of fostering the creative attitude in engineering education by means of remote labs. Finally, the essay resumes with future tasks for the ELLI project and open questions addressing relevant future educational and socio-economic impacts, regarding the role of creativity in engineering education and the pro-fessionalization of engineers.
Interactive Emulator System to Aid Clinical Practice Outcomes for Nurses
Authors: Bowtell Les , Kist Alexander A. , Osbourne Daniel , Parker Victoria R.
Published: June 2013

Clinical practice is a key element of nursing studies programmes. Amongst its aims are familiarisation with medical equipment, appropriate use of clinical reasoning in a ward setting and calculation and delivery of patient medication fluids requirements. The setting for this is typically a simulated ward environment and is structured around group training. While this is cost effective, it does not cater well for minority groups and those wishing to train at their own pace. A number of group dynamic related social issues can also lead to students dominating others within the session. This can result in less than satisfactory learning outcomes for the remainder of the group. Other factors that come into play are the wide age range, social and ethnic backgrounds of the nursing student cohort.

Recent Remote Access Nursing Laboratory work has shown a marked improvement in residential school assessment results in areas such as readiness to practice and clinical reasoning levels demonstrated for those students in the trial nursing RAL project. With the aim of further enhancing the effectiveness and at the same time reducing implementation costs an interactive IV pump emulator was developed. Enhancements included guided introductions, provision of additional scaffolding and inbuilt annotated assessments. This paper discusses the techniques used and general implementation of this system and reports on positive results of the conducted trials.
Effects of Farm Bill Commodity Subsidies on US Corn Production, Farm Income, and Market Price
Authors: Hecht Dana
Published: June 2013

This paper outlines the effects of farm bill subsidies on corn farmers’ planting decisions, overall production, corn farmer income and market price of corn. The author utilizes a series of real and hypothetical market prices to demonstrate the particular combinations of subsidies that are available for corn farmers under varying market conditions. Research suggests that certain subsidies are theoretically capable of increasing production above normal levels when prices of corn fall below a certain threshold. However, in practice, prices of corn have not fallen below this threshold for extended periods of time, and thus this scenario has rarely presented itself historically. The author concludes that because they provide income support for corn farmers and create a safety net for corn prices, these subsidies represent an incentive in itself to grow corn over other non-subsidized produce. Thus, it is possible that corn subsidies have led to the growth of the industry over time by influencing the choices that farmers have made throughout history upon entering the market, rather than by influencing day-to-day planting decisions throughout the crop season.
Multi-Systemic Model of Juvenile Justice Reform: Adopting the Missouri Model in California
Authors: Jara Ana Gioconda
Published: June 2013

The juvenile justice system serves a marginalized and vulnerable population of high-risk youth who have been convicted of committing crimes. This system uses substantial state budgets for housing, staffing, and programming for the youth offender population. As states look to reform their juvenile justice systems, one specific model they should consider implementing is the Multi-Systemic Treatment (MST) approach, an intensive residential-based intervention for chronic, violent, or substance abusing juvenile offenders, ages 12 to 18, that uses trained therapists to work in small facilities with the youth and his or her family. This study examines the Missouri Model, an MST program that was successfully implemented statewide. This paper provides a cost-benefit analysis of a proposed transformation of California’s juvenile justice system by implementing the MST model at a statewide level.
Sturge-Weber syndrome: a report of 14 cases
Authors: Parisi Lucia , Di Filippo Teresa , La Grutta Sabina , Lo Baido Rosa , Epifanio Maria Stella , Esposito Maria , Carotenuto Marco , Roccella Michele
Published: June 2013

Sturge-Weber-Krabe syndrome (SWS), also known as encephalotrigeminalangiomatosis and named the forthfacomatosis, recall the names of the authors who first describedit in its basic clinical, radiological andanatomopathological aspects. We report here 14 cases of Sturge-Weber disease. In 6 of these, despite what had been previously described in literature, an extension of the angioma has been noted in other parts of the body. The study of these subjects stresses not only the need for a pharmacological/neuropsychomotor intervention, but alsothe need of a psychotherapeutic approach, for the emotional and affective implications thatcould derive from this syndrome. The reported cases are similar to those presented in literature for their main features. In particular, two elements are interesting: i) the exceptional diffusion of the red nevousto the whole hemicorpo; and ii) the evaluation of the way the patients live the disease, which has not beenpreviously considered in literature. We can conclude that SWS is a multisystem disorder that requires the neurologist to be aware of the possible endocrine, psychiatric, ophthalmological, and other medical issues that can arise and impact on the neurological status of the patients.
A Case of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Showing a Biphasic Pattern on 2-Deoxy-2-F18-Fluoro-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
Authors: Hoshi Manabu , Oebisu Naoto , Takada Jun , Wakasa Kenichi , Nakamura Hiroaki
Published: June 2013

Integrated 2-deoxy-2-F18-fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has been used in the field of soft tissue sarcoma. We report an 81-year-old man with dedifferentiated liposarcoma in the left thigh, which was composed of well-differentiated liposarcoma and pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma. As well as other radiological modalities, FDG-PET was able to demonstrate a biphasic signal pattern composed of well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated area, being consistent with the histological grade of malignancy.
Recent Progress in Mouse Models for Tumor Suppressor Genes and its Implications in Human Cancer
Authors: Inoue Kazushi , Fry Elizabeth A. , Taneja Pankaj
Published: June 2013

Gain-of-function mutations in oncogenes and loss-of-function mutations in tumor suppressor genes (TSG) lead to cancer. In most human cancers, these mutations occur in somatic tissues. However, hereditary forms of cancer exist for which individuals are heterozygous for a germline mutation in a TSG locus at birth. The second allele is frequently inactivated by gene deletion, point mutation, or promoter methylation in classical TSGs that meet Knudson's two-hit hypothesis. Conversely, the second allele remains as wild-type, even in tumors in which the gene is haplo-insufficient for tumor suppression. This article highlights the importance of PTEN, APC, and other tumor suppressors for counteracting aberrant PI3K, β-catenin, and other oncogenic signaling pathways. We discuss the use of gene-engineered mouse models (GEMM) of human cancer focusing on Pten and Apc knockout mice that recapitulate key genetic events involved in initiation and progression of human neoplasia. Finally, the therapeutic potential of targeting these tumor suppressor and oncogene signaling networks is discussed.
Probabilistic estimation of future emissions of isoprene and surface oxidant chemistry associated with land-use change in response to growing food needs
Authors: Hardacre C. J. , Palmer P. I. , Baumanns K. , Rounsevell M. , Murray-Rust D.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. We quantify the impact of land-use change, determined by our growing demand for food and biofuel production, on isoprene emissions and subsequent atmospheric oxidant chemistry in 2015 and 2030, relative to 1990, ignoring compound climate change effects over that period. We estimate isoprene emissions from an ensemble (n = 1000) of land-use change realizations from 1990–2050, broadly guided by the IPCC AR4/SRES scenarios A1 and B1. We also superimpose land-use change required to address projected biofuel usage using two scenarios: (1) assuming that world governments make no changes to biofuel policy after 2009, and (2) assuming that world governments develop biofuel policy with the aim of keeping equivalent atmospheric CO2 at 450 ppm. We present the median and interquartile range (IQR) statistics of the ensemble and show that land-use change between −1.50 × 1012 m2 to +6.06 × 1012 m2 was found to drive changes in the global isoprene burden of −3.5 to +2.8 Tg yr−1 in 2015 and −7.7 to +6.4 Tg yr−1 in 2030. We use land-use change realizations corresponding to the median and IQR of these emission estimates to drive the GEOS-Chem global 3-D chemistry transport model to investigate the perturbation to global and regional surface concentrations of isoprene, nitrogen oxides (NO+NO2), and the atmospheric concentration and deposition of ozone (O3). We show that across subcontinental regions the monthly surface O3 increases by 0.1–0.8 ppb, relative to a zero land-use change calculation, driven by increases (decreases) in surface isoprene in high (low) NOx environments. At the local scale (4° × 5°) we find that surface O3 increases by 5–12 ppb over temperate North America, China and boreal Eurasia, driven by large increases in isoprene emissions from short-rotation coppice crop cultivation for biofuel production.
Drivers of column-average CO2 variability at Southern Hemispheric total carbon column observing network sites
Authors: Deutscher N. M. , Sherlock V. , Mikaloff Fletcher S. E. , Griffith D. W. T. , Notholt J. , Macatangay R. , Connor B. J. , Robinson J. , Shiona H. , Velazco V. A. , Wennberg P. O. , Wunch D.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. We investigate factors that drive the variability in total column CO2 at the Total Carbon Column Observing Network sites in the Southern Hemisphere using CarbonTracker analysed fluxes tagged by process and by source region. We show that the terrestrial biosphere is the largest driver of variability in the Southern Hemisphere column CO2, however, it does not dominate in the same fashion as in the Northern Hemisphere. Local and hemispheric scale biomass burning can also play an important role, particularly at the tropical site, Darwin. The magnitude of seasonal variability in the column-average dry-air mole fraction of CO2, XCO2, is also much smaller in the Southern Hemisphere and comparable in magnitude to the annual increase. Comparison of measurements to the model simulations highlights that there is some discrepancy between the two timeseries, especially in the early part of the Darwin data record. We show that this mismatch is most likely due to erroneously estimated local fluxes in the Australian tropical region, which are associated with enhanced photosynthesis caused by early rainfall during the tropical monsoon season.
Intense atmospheric pollution modifies weather: a~case of mixed biomass burning with fossil fuel combustion pollution in the eastern China
Authors: Ding A. J. , Fu C. B. , Yang X. Q. , Sun J. N. , Petäjä T. , Kerminen V.-M. , Wang T. , Xie Y. N. , Herrmann E. , Zheng L. F. , Nie W. , Wei X. L. , Kulmala M.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. The influence of air pollutants, particularly aerosols, on regional and global climate is widely investigated, but only a very limited number of studies reports their impacts on everyday weather. In this work, we present for the first time direct (observational) evidence of a clear effect how a mixed atmospheric pollution changes the weather with a substantial modification in air temperature and rainfall. By using comprehensive measurements in Nanjing, China, we found that mixed agricultural burning plumes with fossil fuel combustion pollution resulted in a decrease of solar radiation by more than 70%, of sensible heat flux over 85%, a temperature drop by almost 10 K, and a change of rainfall during daytime and nighttime. Our results show clear air pollution – weather interactions, and quantify how air pollution affects weather with the influence of air pollution-boundary layer dynamics and aerosol-radiation-cloudy feedbacks. This study highlights a cross-disciplinary needs to study the environmental, weather and climate impact of the mixed biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion sources in the East China.
A parameterisation for the activation of cloud drops including the effects of semi-volatile organics
Authors: Connolly P. J. , Topping D. O. , Malavelle F. , McFiggans G.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. We present a parameterisation of aerosol activation, including co-condensation of semi-volatile organics, for warm clouds that has applications in large-scale numerical models. The scheme is based on previously developed parameterisations that are in the literature, but has two main modifications. The first is that the total aerosol mass is modified by the condensation of organic vapours entering cloud-base, whereas the second is that this addition of mass acts to modify the median diameter and the geometric standard deviation of the aerosol size distribution. It is found that the scheme is consistent with parcel model calculations of co-condensation under different regimes. Such a parameterisation may find use in evaluating important feedbacks in climate models.
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Version 6 cloud products
Authors: Kahn B. H. , Irion F. W. , Dang V. T. , Manning E. M. , Nasiri S. L. , Naud C. M. , Blaisdell J. M. , Schreier M. M. , Yue Q. , Bowman K. W. , Fetzer E. J. , Hulley G. C. , Liou K. N. , Lubin D. , Ou S. C. , Susskind J. , Takano Y. , Tian B. , Worden J. R.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. The Version 6 cloud products of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) instrument suite are described. The cloud top temperature, pressure, and height and effective cloud fraction are now reported at the AIRS field of view (FOV) resolution. Significant improvements in cloud height assignment over Version 5 are shown with pixel-scale comparisons to cloud vertical structure observed by the CloudSat 94 GHz radar and the Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP). Cloud thermodynamic phase (ice, liquid, and unknown phase), ice cloud effective diameter (De), and ice cloud optical thickness (τ) are derived using an optimal estimation methodology for AIRS FOVs, and global distributions for January 2007 are presented. The largest values of τ are found in the storm tracks and near convection in the Tropics, while De is largest on the equatorial side of the midlatitude storm tracks in both hemispheres, and lowest in tropical thin cirrus and the winter polar atmosphere. Over the Maritime Continent the diurnal cycle of τ is significantly larger than for the total cloud fraction, ice cloud frequency, and De, and is anchored to the island archipelago morphology. Important differences are described between northern and southern hemispheric midlatitude cyclones using storm center composites. The infrared-based cloud retrievals of AIRS provide unique, decadal-scale and global observations of clouds over the diurnal and annual cycles, and captures variability within the mesoscale and synoptic scales at all latitudes.
Interannual variation in the epibenthic megafauna at the shallowest station of the HAUSGARTEN observatory (79° N, 6° E)
Authors: Meyer K. S. , Bergmann M. , Soltwedel T.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. Epibenthic megafauna play an important role in the deep-sea environment and contribute significantly to benthic biomass, but their population dynamics are still understudied. We used a towed deep-sea camera system to assess the population densities of epibenthic megafauna in 2002, 2007, and 2012 at the shallowest station (HG I, ∼1300 m) of the deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN, in the eastern Fram Strait. Our results indicate that the overall density of megafauna was significantly lower in 2007 than in 2002, but was significantly higher in 2012, resulting in overall greater megafaunal density in 2012. Different species showed different patterns in population density, but the relative proportions of predator/scavengers and suspension-feeding individuals were both higher in 2012. Variations in megafaunal densities and proportions are likely due to variation in food input to the sea floor, which decreased slightly in the years preceding 2007 and was greatly elevated in the years preceding 2012. Both average evenness and diversity increased over the time period studied, which indicates that HG I may be food-limited and subject to bottom-up control. The community of HG I may be unique in its response to elevated food input, which resulted in higher evenness and diversity in 2012.