bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving value for underserved populations with a community-based intervention: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pinnock Claude , Rothen John , Carlough Tom , Shah Nirav R.
Published: May 2023

Background

Healthcare inequity drives high costs, worse outcomes and is heavily influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Addressing health behaviors and SDOH through a culturally competent community-based exposure may be effective in improving value for Medicaid enrollees. This study aims to evaluate whether such an exposure lowers costs at equal or improved quality.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study leveraging claims data was conducted in Detroit, Michigan from April 2021 to April 2022 to examine the impact of a community-based peer support program on clinical, utilization and financial outcomes. A one-to-one propensity matching of 738 pairs of African American Medicaid enrollees was generated, and compared the difference of differences between inpatient, emergency department, prescription and outpatient paid amounts, utilization, and available claims-based quality metrics.

Results

Compared to controls, peer support recipients generated significantly lower per member per month costs ($115, (95% CI $20.2 to $210)). Recipients showed a significant increase in the Adult Access to Preventative/Ambulatory Health Services 20–44 year old quality metric (8.31% (95% CI 0.35–16.3%)). Member retention in the health insurance plan was significantly higher for peer support recipients vs. the control group by 3.62% (p < 0.05). Peer support recipients displayed non-significant improvement on all other utilization and actuarial measures. No significant difference was found for any of the other examined quality metrics.

Conclusions

Among a population of African American Medicaid enrollees, a culturally competent community-based intervention was associated with lower cost and better member retention with preserved or improved quality.
Effects of fearful face presentation time and observer’s eye movement on the gaze cue effect
Authors: Yu Chuntai , Ishibashi Keita , Iwanaga Koichi
Published: May 2023

Background

There are many conflicting findings on the gaze cueing effect (GCE) of emotional facial expressions. This study aimed to investigate whether an averted gaze, accompanied by a fearful expression of different durations, could enhance attentional orientation, as measured by a participant’s eye movements.

Methods

Twelve participants (3 females) completed the gaze cue task, reacting to a target location after observing changes in the gaze and expression of a face illustrated on a computer screen. Meanwhile, participants’ eye movements were monitored by electrooculography. The GCE was calculated by reaction time as an indicator of attention shift.

Results

The analysis of the overall data did not find a significant effect of fearful facial expressions on the GCE. However, analysis of trial data that excluded a participant’s eye movement data showed that brief (0, 100 ms) presentation of the fearful facial expression enhanced the GCE compared to that during a neutral facial expression, although when the presentation time of the fearful expression was increased to 200 or 400 ms, the GCE of the fearful expression was at the same level as when model showed a neutral expression.

Conclusions

The results suggest that the attention-enhancing effect of gaze cues induced by rapidly presented fearful expressions occurs only when the effect of eye movement trials is excluded. This effect may be mediated by reflexively neural circuits in the amygdala that process threatening stimuli. However, as the expression duration increased, the fearful expression’s attention-enhancing effect decreased. We suggest that future studies on the emotion modulation of GCE should consider the negative effects of participants’ saccades and blinks on the experimental results.
Trade-offs in telemetry tag programming for deep-diving cetaceans: data longevity, resolution, and continuity
Authors: Cioffi William R. , Quick Nicola J. , Swaim Zachary T. , Foley Heather J. , Waples Danielle M. , Webster Daniel L. , Baird Robin W. , Southall Brandon L. , Nowacek Douglas P. , Read Andrew J.
Published: May 2023

Background

Animal-borne telemetry instruments (tags) have greatly advanced our understanding of species that are challenging to observe. Recently, non-recoverable instruments attached to cetaceans have increased in use, but these devices have limitations in data transmission bandwidth. We analyze trade-offs in the longevity, resolution, and continuity of data records from non-recoverable satellite-linked tags on deep-diving Ziphius cavirostris in the context of a behavioral response study of acute noise exposure. We present one data collection programming scheme that balances resolution and continuity against longevity to address specific questions about the behavioral responses of animals to noise exposure in experimental contexts. We compare outputs between two programming regimes on a commercially available satellite-linked tag: (1) dive behavior summary defined by conductivity thresholds and (2) depth time-series at various temporal resolutions.

Results

We found that time-series data vary from the more precisely defined dives from a dive summary record data stream by an acceptable error range for our application. We determined a 5-min time-series data stream collected for 14 days balanced resolution with longevity, achieving complete or nearly complete diving records in 6 out of 8 deployments. We increased our data message reception rate several fold by employing a boat based data capture system. Finally, a tag deployed in a group concurrently with a high-resolution depth recorder showed high depth concordance.

Conclusions

We present the conceptual framework and iterative process for matching telemetry tag programming to research questions that we used and which should be applicable to a wide range of studies. Although designing new hardware for our specific questions was not feasible at the time, we were able to optimize the sampling regime of a commercially available instrument to meet the needs of our research questions and proposed analyses. Nevertheless, for other study species or designs, the complicated intersection between animal behavior and bandwidth of telemetry systems can often create a severe mismatch among research questions, data collection, and analysis tools. More flexible programming and purpose-built instruments will increase the efficacy of these studies and increase the scientific yield relative to the inherently higher risk of invasive studies.
Salvage transoral laser microsurgery for early local recurrence of glottic squamous cell cancer
Authors: Cai Zhimou , Yue Huijun , Chen Lin , Xv Yang , Li Yun , Tang Bingjie , Lin Yu , Lei Wenbin
Published: May 2023

Background

For recurrent laryngeal cancer, the feasibility of salvage transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) remains controversial. This study compared the efficacy of TLM and open partial laryngectomy (OPL) for treatment of early local recurrence of glottic squamous cell cancer (GSCC) and confirm the effectiveness of salvage TLM as a treatment option.

Methods

This retrospective study involved 55 patients with early local recurrent GSCC treated with TLM, and the oncologic outcomes, functional outcomes, hospitalization time and complications were compared with a group of 40 recurrent GSCC patients matched for clinical variables of TLM group, treated by OPL by the same team of surgeons.

Results

The 5-year overall survival and disease-specific survival rates were 65.8% and 91.5%, respectively, for 55 patients with rTis–rT2 stage treated by TLM and 77.1% and 94.7%, respectively, for 40 patients with rTis–rT2 stage treated by OPL (OPL group). In the TLM and OPL groups, the local control rates after 5 years were 77.5% and 79.3%, respectively, and the laryngeal preservation rates were 94.4% and 83.6%, respectively ( p > 0.05). Compared with the OPL group, the complication rate (1.82%) and hospitalization duration (5.42 ± 2.26 days) were significantly lower in the TLM group ( p < 0.05). Compared with the OPL group, postsurgical health-related quality of life and quality of voice were significantly better in the TLM group ( p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Salvage TLM can be used as an effective treatment option for suitable patients after a full, comprehensive, and careful assessment of the characteristics of early locally recurrent glottic carcinoma.

Graphical Abstract
The logic between nature and culture: food in the wedding traditions across East Asia
Authors: Han Min
Published: May 2023

Based on the author’s fieldwork in China and Japan, literature research and the study of specimen materials and video data on weddings of ROK, Japan and China, which are collected by the Japan National Museum of Ethnology (or Minpaku), this paper attempts to explore the cultural symbolic significance that humans bestow on food, and to further reveal the cultural diversity in East Asia and the common structure of human mind by comparing the flow of food and the ways and scopes in which the wedding foods are consumed in East Asia.

In East Asia wedding customs, expectations through food for the bride’s fertility and her belonging to her husband’s patrilineal family are very common. However, the food and eating behaviors that express expectations for the groom are rare, only slightly visible in the dry bonito at the time of engagement in Japan and the 12 bowls of rice that the groom will eat on the day of the Yao wedding in China. Dried bonito signifies virility and victory of men, reflecting the features of Japanese maritime culture and the influence of samurai culture in history.

East Asian wedding rituals are diverse in form, but the commonality among them can also be seen, that is, human beings find cultural meanings in different natural environments that correspond to human society, and then internalize the natural attributes through homophonic pun, imitation and other ways. Food is used in weddings to express people’s best wishes for the happiness of the newlyweds’ families, to have descendants and longevity of their marriage.
Adherence to Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Adolescents and Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gupta Pranav , Patterson Briana C , Chu Lena , Gold Sarah , Amos Seth , Yeung Howa , Goodman Michael , Tangpricha Vin
Published: May 2023

Context

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals often seek gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). While receipt of GAHT has been associated with improved well-being, the risk of GAHT discontinuation and its reasons are not well known.

Objective

There were two main objectives: (1) To investigate the proportion of TGD individuals who discontinue therapy after an average of 4 years (maximum 19 years) since GAHT initiation; and (2) to explore reasons for GAHT discontinuation. This was a retrospective cohort study at academic centers providing care to TGD adolescents and adults. TGD individuals prescribed estradiol or testosterone between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2019, were included. GAHT continuation was ascertained using a 2-phase process. In phase 1, Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were used to examine likelihood of GAHT discontinuation and compare discontinuation rates by age and sex assigned at birth. In phase 2, reasons for stopping GAHT were investigated by reviewing records and by contacting study participants who discontinued therapy. The main outcome measures were incidence and determinants of GAHT discontinuation.

Results

Among 385 eligible participants, 231 (60%) were assigned male at birth and 154 (40%) were assigned female at birth. Less than one-third of participants (n = 121) initiated GAHT prior to their 18th birthday, constituting the pediatric cohort (mean age 15 years), and the remaining 264 were included in the adult cohort (mean age 32 years). In phase 1, 6 participants (1.6%) discontinued GAHT during follow-up, and of those only 2 discontinued GAHT permanently (phase 2).

Conclusion

GAHT discontinuation is uncommon when therapy follows Endocrine Society guidelines. Future research should include prospective studies with long-term follow-up of individuals receiving GAHT.
Digital Biomarkers and the Evolution of Spine Care Outcomes Measures: Smartphones and Wearables
Authors: Bi Christina L. , Kurland David B. , Ber Roee , Kondziolka Douglas , Lau Darryl , Pacione Donato , Frempong-Boadu Anthony , Laufer Ilya , Oermann Eric K.
Published: May 2023

Over the past generation, outcome measures in spine care have evolved from a reliance on clinician-reported assessment toward recognizing the importance of the patient's perspective and the wide incorporation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). While patient-reported outcomes are now considered an integral component of outcomes assessments, they cannot wholly capture the state of a patient's functionality. There is a clear need for quantitative and objective patient-centered outcome measures. The pervasiveness of smartphones and wearable devices in modern society, which passively collect data related to health, has ushered in a new era of spine care outcome measurement. The patterns emerging from these data, so-called “digital biomarkers,” can accurately describe characteristics of a patient's health, disease, or recovery state. Broadly, the spine care community has thus far concentrated on digital biomarkers related to mobility, although the researcher's toolkit is anticipated to expand in concert with advancements in technology. In this review of the nascent literature, we describe the evolution of spine care outcome measurements, outline how digital biomarkers can supplement current clinician-driven and patient-driven measures, appraise the present and future of the field in the modern era, as well as discuss present limitations and areas for further study, with a focus on smartphones (see Supplemental Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/NEU/D809, for a similar appraisal of wearable devices).
Οι ρόλοι, οι αρμοδιότητες και η επαγγελματική ταυτότητα του υποδιευθυντή δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Λαζαρίδου Αγγελική , Γκορίλα Αικατερίνη
Published: May 2023

Στo άρθρο αυτό παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα ποιοτικής έρευνας σχετικά με τη συμβολή του ρόλου του Υποδιευθυντή στη διοίκηση της σχολικής μονάδας στο σύγχρονο Ελληνικό Γυμνάσιο και Γενικό Λύκειο, υπό το πρίσμα  των αρμοδιοτήτων που του αποδίδονται από τον νόμο και των επιπλέον που τελικά αναλαμβάνει. Η έρευνα έδωσε τη δυνατότητα να ακουστεί η φωνή της υποδιεύθυνσης και να αποκαλυφτεί ο πλούτος των εμπειριών και των προκλήσεων των υποδιευθυντών. Τα πολλά  και σημαντικά  καθήκοντα και οι διευρυμένες αρμοδιότητες στα σχολικά δρώμενα, καθιστούν τον Υποδιευθυντή σημαντικό παράγοντα της αποτελεσματικής διοίκησης μιας σχολικής μονάδας. Ο ρόλος του δεν είναι απλά γραφειοκρατικός και διεκπεραιωτικός, αλλά ηγετικός, όταν με την ανάληψη πρωτοβουλιών, μπορεί να στηρίξει ουσιαστικά την ηγεσία ενός σχολείου. Μέσα από την έρευνα, σκιαγραφείται, επίσης, η επαγγελματική ταυτότητα του Υποδιευθυντή, χωρίς ανάλογο στην ελληνική βιβλιογραφία, αφενός μέσα από τα χαρακτηριστικά της προσωπικότητάς του αλλά και του τρόπου µε τον οποίο οι υποδιευθυντές νοηματοδοτούν το ρόλο τους, και αφετέρου μέσα από τους παράγοντες οι οποίοι επηρεάζουν την άσκηση του διοικητικού του έργου. Η έρευνα προχωράει σε ερμηνείες με όρους αυτοπροσδιορισμού σε σχέση με τα παραπάνω στοιχεία και αναδεικνύει τέσσερις όψεις της επαγγελματικής ταυτότητας του Υποδιευθυντή: α) το διοικητικό στέλεχος β) ο παιδαγωγός γ) ο ειδικός στις ανθρώπινες σχέσεις και δ) ο εκκολαπτόμενος ηγέτης. Κατανοώντας τους ιδιαίτερους όρους συγκρότησης της κάθε επαγγελματικής ταυτότητας, διαπιστώνουμε ότι ο Υποδιευθυντής είναι βασικό διοικητικό στέλεχος της εκπαίδευσης, με ιδιαίτερες δεξιότητες και επιτελικά χαρακτηριστικά κι επομένως η ανάδειξη της σπουδαιότητας του ρόλου του είναι επιβεβλημένη.
Ψυχική Ανθεκτικότητα: ανάλυση βασικών παραμέτρων της έννοιας, η διαμόρφωση της από την παιδική ηλικίας έως την ενήλικη ζωή και ο ρόλος του σχολείου
Authors: Μπερτσιά Βασιλική , Πούλου Μαρία
Published: May 2023

Ο 21ος αιώνας χαρακτηρίζεται από αρκετές δυσκολίες και απαιτήσεις για κάθε πολίτη. Ήδη από την παιδική μας ηλικία καλούμαστε να ανταποκριθούμε σε πολλά και απαιτητικά καθήκοντα. Τα τελευταία, μάλιστα, χρόνια βιώσαμε την πανδημία της Covid-19 και την απειλή που εκείνη έθεσε σε ψυχοκοινωνικό, οικονομικό και εκπαιδευτικό επίπεδο. Η παρούσα εργασία εστιάζει στην έννοια της Ψυχικής Ανθεκτικότητας, δηλαδή της ικανότητας των ατόμων να ξεπερνούν τις δυσκολίες που τους παρουσιάζονται. Επιχειρείται μια σύντομη ιστορική αναδρομή στον όρο, αναφέρονται βασικοί ορισμοί και αναλύονται οι βασικές παράμετροι που σχετίζονται με την εκδήλωσή της σε ενήλικες και παιδιά. Επιπροσθέτως, γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά στον ρόλο του σχολείου και των εκπαιδευτικών για την προαγωγή και την ενδυνάμωση της Ψυχικής Ανθεκτικότητας των μαθητών/τριών.
Μελέτη για τους μαθητές που φοίτησαν σε δομές υποστήριξης στη γενική και ειδική εκπαίδευση: ποσοτική μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση
Authors: Παπαδημητρίου Βασίλειος
Published: May 2023

Η πλειονότητα των μαθητών με αναπηρία ή/και ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες στην Ελλάδα φοιτούν σε γενικά σχολεία. Κάποιοι εξ αυτών υποστηρίζονται εκεί είτε μέσω του μοντέλου της παράλληλης στήριξης είτε στο τμήμα ένταξης, εφόσον υπάρχει, ενώ ένα μικρό αλλά όχι ευκαταφρόνητο ποσοστό μαθητών φοιτά σε ειδικά σχολεία, τα οποία είναι η πλέον διαχωριστική δομή του εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος. Η παρούσα εργασία επεδίωξε να καταγράψει τις τάσεις στους αριθμούς όσων υποστηρίζονταν αφενός μέσω της παράλληλης στήριξης ή των τμημάτων ένταξης στα γενικά σχολεία αφετέρου όσων φοιτούσαν στα ειδικά σχολεία το διάστημα 2010-2021, ώστε να αξιολογηθεί με ποσοτικά δεδομένα η μακροχρόνια εξέλιξη των τριών αυτών μοντέλων ή/και δομών υποστήριξης. Επιπλέον, διερευνήθηκε η υπόθεση αν στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση υποστηρίζονταν περισσότεροι μαθητές σε σύγκριση με τη δευτεροβάθμια. Κάποια από τα συγκεντρωτικά δεδομένα δόθηκαν από το Υπουργείο Παιδείας και Θρησκευμάτων, ενώ τα υπόλοιπα ελήφθησαν από την Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν δυναμική ανάπτυξη του μοντέλου της παράλληλης στήριξης και στις δύο βαθμίδες εκπαίδευσης, αφού τα εγκεκριμένα αιτήματα αυξάνονταν κάθε χρόνο. Όσον αφορά στα τμήματα ένταξης, στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση παρατηρήθηκαν διακυμάνσεις, στη δευτεροβάθμια κλιμακωτή αύξηση, εκτός από την τελευταία διετία που υπήρξε ραγδαία πτώση και στις δύο βαθμίδες. Τέλος, στα ειδικά σχολεία αυξήθηκε και στις δύο βαθμίδες ο αριθμός των μαθητών, ενώ στη δευτεροβάθμια ο πληθυσμός τους υπερδιπλασιάστηκε. Η έρευνα καταλήγει στο συμπέρασμα πως η εκπαιδευτική πολιτική που εφαρμόστηκε για τους μαθητές με αναπηρία ή/και ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες το διάστημα 2010-2021 προωθούσε την υπό όρους ένταξή τους στα γενικά σχολεία.
Η εξέταση του ρόλου των οικογενειακών εμπειριών στην ανταπόκριση των παιδιών σε δραστηριότητες αναδυόμενου γραμματισμού στον παιδικό σταθμό : διερεύνηση των απόψεων παιδαγωγών και γονέων
Authors: Τσιόπελα Παρασκευή , Τζακώστα Μαρίνα , Σπαντιδάκης Ιωάννης
Published: May 2023

Σκοπός της μικτής αυτής έρευνας είναι να διερευνήσει τις απόψεις παιδαγωγών και γονέων σχετικά με τον ρόλο που έχουν οι οικογενειακές εμπειρίες γραμματισμού παιδιών ηλικίας 3-4,5 ετών στην ανταπόκρισή τους σε δραστηριότητες αναδυόμενου γραμματισμού στον παιδικό σταθμό. Για την υλοποίηση της έρευνας κατασκευάστηκαν και χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δύο ερευνητικά εργαλεία : ένας οδηγός ημιδομημένης συνέντευξης, που εξετάζει τις σχετικές με τον αναδυόμενο γραμματισμό αντιλήψεις και πρακτικές των παιδαγωγών, αξιολογώντας παράλληλα την αποτελεσματικότητα των δραστηριοτήτων που εφαρμόζονται στο οικογενειακό περιβάλλον, και ένα ερωτηματολόγιο που εξετάζει τις αντίστοιχες αντιλήψεις και πρακτικές που εφαρμόζουν οι γονείς στο πλαίσιο της οικογενειακής ζωής. Στο ποιοτικό σκέλος της έρευνας συμμετείχαν 12 παιδαγωγοί στις τάξεις των οποίων φοιτούν τα παιδιά των 149 γονέων που συμπλήρωσαν ερωτηματολόγιο το οποίο έγινε αντικείμενο ποσοτικής επεξεργασίας. Τα ευρήματα έδειξαν ότι : α) υλοποιούνται δραστηριότητες αναδυόμενου γραμματισμού στο οικογενειακό περιβάλλον και τον παιδικό σταθμό αλλά ενισχύεται κυρίως ο προφορικός λόγος και η αναδυόμενη ανάγνωση, β) υπάρχει μια στατιστικά σημαντική σχέση ανάμεσα στο μορφωτικό επίπεδο των γονέων και τις πρακτικές γραμματισμού που χρησιμοποιούν. Τα αποτελέσματα από τη συνδυαστική διερεύνηση των δύο πεδίων είναι ενθαρρυντικά, αλλά κρίνεται χρήσιμη η πραγματοποίηση συνεντεύξεων με γονείς για την  περαιτέρω διερεύνηση των οικογενειακών πρακτικών.
Κινούμενα σχέδια και οπτικές αναπαραστάσεις του φύλου: Διδακτική πρόταση κριτικού γραμματισμού για παιδιά πρωτοσχολικής ηλικίας
Authors: Γκαλά Γαλήνη , Γεωργάλου Μαρίζα
Published: May 2023

Η παρούσα εργασία διερευνά τις οπτικές αναπαραστάσεις του φύλου στις δημοφιλείς παιδικές σειρές κινουμένων σχεδίων Πέππα το Γουρουνάκι και Bluey που μεταδίδονται από την τηλεόραση και το διαδίκτυο και απευθύνονται σε παιδιά προσχολικής και πρωτοσχολικής ηλικίας. Αναλύονται δύο επιλεγμένα επεισόδια, ένα από την κάθε σειρά, με τα μεθοδολογικά εργαλεία της Γραμματικής του Οπτικού Σχεδίου (Grammar of Visual Design: Kress & van Leeuwen, 2006). Από την ανάλυση προκύπτει ότι τo οπτικό κείμενο της Πέππα το Γουρουνάκι εγγράφει μεγαλύτερο σεξιστικό αποτύπωμα στη συνείδηση παιδιών προσχολικής και πρωτοσχολικής ηλικίας, σχετικά με τις έμφυλες διαφορές, σε σύγκριση με το οπτικό κείμενο της Bluey, στο οποίο αναπαράγεται οπτικά η έμφυλη ανισότητα, αλλά παράλληλα εντάσσονται ενθαρρυντικά  μη στερεότυπα στοιχεία σε αυτό. Με βάση την ανάλυσή μας, και με θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο τον κριτικό γραμματισμό και το μοντέλο των πολυγραμματισμών, προτείνουμε δραστηριότητες για παιδιά πρωτοσχολικής ηλικίας, με στόχο την αποδυνάμωση και τη μετατόπιση της ιδεολογίας που αφορά το φύλο σε σχέση με την εξωτερική εμφάνιση, τα χρώματα και τα παιχνίδια ρόλων.
Ο ρόλος της μουσικής στην αντιμετώπιση του σχολικού εκφοβισμού στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση: κριτική επισκόπηση προγραμμάτων πρόληψης και εφαρμογή ενός μουσικοπαιδαγωγικού προγράμματος βασισμένου στο μουσικό βίντεο
Authors: Διονυσίου Ζωή , Κατσέλη Βασιλική Μαρία , Κυριάκου Αλεξάνδρα
Published: May 2023

Το φαινόμενο του σχολικού εκφοβισμού έχει λάβει μεγάλες διαστάσεις στην παγκόσμια εκπαιδευτική κοινότητα. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν η ανάπτυξη και εφαρμογή ενός πρωτότυπου μουσικού εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος για την αντιμετώπιση του φαινομένου του σχολικού εκφοβισμού στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Στο πρώτο μέρος γίνεται μία επισκόπηση προγραμμάτων ενημέρωσης και αντιμετώπισης του σχολικού εκφοβισμού που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί σε διάφορες χώρες και διερευνώνται τρόποι με τους οποίους οι τέχνες και ιδιαίτερα η μουσική μπορούν να συμβάλλουν στην πρόληψη του προβλήματος. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν μέσα από τις σχετικές έρευνες, διαμορφώθηκε ένα μουσικοπαιδαγωγικό πρόγραμμα αντιμετώπισης του σχολικού εκφοβισμού που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε ομάδα μαθητών δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Το δείγμα της έρευνας ήταν μία ομάδα επτά μαθητών της Γ΄ τάξης γυμνασίου ενός σχολείου της περιφέρειας των Ιονίων Νήσων. Όλοι οι μαθητές συμμετείχαν εθελοντικά με τη συγκατάθεση των γονέων/κηδεμόνων τους. Το πρόγραμμα διάρκειας έξι εβδομάδων υλοποιήθηκε διαδικτυακά, λόγω των περιοριστικών μέτρων κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας (Covid-19). Στόχος του ήταν να ενημερώσει και να ευαισθητοποιήσει τους μαθητές σε σχέση με τον σχολικό εκφοβισμό. Το μουσικό βίντεο χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως κύριο εκπαιδευτικό εργαλείο για τη διαμόρφωση των μαθημάτων. Οι συζητήσεις πριν και μετά την προβολή των μουσικών βίντεο καταγράφηκαν και αναλύθηκαν με τη μέθοδο της θεματικής ανάλυσης. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας, οι μαθητές κατανόησαν το φαινόμενο του εκφοβισμού και τις πιθανές διαστάσεις του, σχολίασαν συμπεριφορές και χαρακτηριστικά του φαινομένου και βρήκαν πιθανές λύσεις διαχείρισης περιστατικών εκφοβισμού. Το εκπαιδευτικό αυτό πρόγραμμα με κεντρικό άξονα το μουσικό βίντεο αναδεικνύει την ανάγκη προώθησης της ελεύθερης έκφρασης των μαθητών στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση μέσα από οικεία σε αυτούς οπτικοακουστικά μέσα με στόχο τη μείωση του φαινομένου του σχολικού εκφοβισμού.
Iron metabolism in HIV-associated lung diseases - disseminated tuberculosis and pneumocystis pneumonia
Authors: Borodulina Elena , Yakovleva Elena , Borodulin Boris , Mishin Vladimir , Mordyk Anna
Published: May 2023

The monograph presents a comparative study of the clinical features and the main indicators of iron metabolism in lung diseases, which are AIDS-indicator diseases. The leading secondary diseases in HIV, which are often the first manifestations of HIV infection, are pneumonia caused by an opportunistic fungal infection P. jirovecii (pneumocystis pneumonia) and a specific pathogen M. tuberculosis (tuberculosis), and in both diseases it is possible to develop a dissemination syndrome. The use of iron metabolism indicators as parameters of the comparative analysis of these diseases is presented for the first time. Studies of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumocystis pneumonia in combination with HIV infection are presented.
It is intended for pulmonologists, infectious diseases specialists, phthisiologists, general practitioners.
Financial analysis of the organization's activities
Authors: Plaskova Nataliya , Mironova Ol'ga , Chipurenko Elena
Published: May 2023

The textbook reveals the main theoretical, methodological and practical issues of the discipline "Financial analysis" ("Analysis of financial statements"). Introduces modern methods and techniques of financial analysis, the practical implementation of which should contribute to improving the quality of management of commercial organizations, information and analytical substantiation of the optimal strategy and tactics of doing business. The materials are formed according to the principle of a case (end—to-end task) - all practical examples are based on practical reporting data of a real production organization.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training "Management", "Finance and Credit", "Economic security", "State and municipal management", graduate students of economic specialties, students of the system of professional training and advanced training of accountants. It can be useful to auditors, financial managers, analysts, arbitration managers, practitioners of financial and economic services of business organizations.
English for engineering majors
Authors: Shevcova Galina , Moskalec Larisa , Lizenko Inna , Rozhdestvenskaya Svetlana
Published: May 2023

The textbook forms the skills of English-speaking oral and written speech on general educational and general professional topics. It contains texts, practical tasks, grammar rules and tests.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of secondary vocational education institutions studying in an enlarged group of specialties 15.00.00 "Mechanical Engineering".
Architectural design of public buildings
Authors: Gel'fond Anna
Published: May 2023

The textbook is devoted to the basic principles of the formation of architecture of public buildings of various types. Examines the social, economic, urban planning, functional, planning, structural, compositional and artistic foundations of design, as well as regulatory requirements for the design of public buildings. It covers the material from the study of the structural units of the building and its individual elements to the structure as a whole and is aimed at making the student as familiar as possible with the needs of real architectural design. Much attention is paid to all currently relevant types of buildings: educational institutions; museum and exhibition, sports facilities; trade and catering facilities; car maintenance facilities; entertainment facilities; credit and financial institutions; offices; bureaus; business centers, as well as multifunctional complexes.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of higher educational institutions, undergraduates and postgraduates studying in an enlarged group of directions "Architecture".
Aksjologia e-administracji – w kierunku administracji inkluzywnej
Authors: Ruczkowski Piotr
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to reconstruct an axiological layer of e-administration and law governing the computerisation of entities performing public tasks within the context of implementing the assumptions of inclusive administration. The axiological dimension of law is important; law refers to values and it should be created, interpreted and evaluated in the light of these values. The above also applies to legal provisions and other documents regulating so-called e-administration. This law refers to such categories as IT system security, data collection security, critical infrastructure protection, efficiency and costeffectiveness of the public administration’s operations, easier access to public services, public service quality improvement, public interest and common welfare. The purpose of electronic communication is to facilitate the handling of official matters. The digitisation of public administration is one of the tools that can be used to implement the concept of inclusive administration. The use of electronic means of communication facilitates, and sometimes even enables, the citizens’ participation in the process of administering the state.
Democratization of Social Media Usage through Social Media Policies
Authors: Mitaľ Ondrej
Published: May 2023

Social media can be characterized as platform that is available for citizens, private organizations, public administration organizations or politicians. Despite of the benefits of social media usage, public administration organizations must focus their attention on the risks of social media usage, mainly the challenges connected with principles of democratic states governed by the rule of law. An important part of this process is the social media institutionalization, which includes the elaboration of social media policy. Social media policies can help to maximize benefits of social media use, and simultaneously mitigate potential risks. The ambition of the study is to examine selected aspects of social media usage in the sphere of public administration, mainly the importance of social media policies as well as the challenges that must be reflected by these policies. By using inductive and deductive approach, the aim of the study is to examine, in the theoretical way, the challenges of social media use that can be perceived as factors of social media policies reformulation. Major challenges of social media usage in the sphere of public administration are highlighted, such as information disorder, political neutrality, administration outsourcing and advertising, legitimacy, as well as rapid and unpredictable development of social media. The benefit of the article is also associated with fostering an interest in major challenges that affects the use of social media in the sphere of public administration.
E-administracja a prawa podstawowe w zakresie dostępu do informacji publicznej
Authors: Podleśny Tomasz
Published: May 2023

Wide access to IT tools has in practice eliminated the share of traditional requests in access to public information. Bearing in mind that local government is the closest public authority to the citizen, it is also a common addressee of questions about certain public information. The statutory deformalization of the mode of access to public information has somehow consolidated with simple inquiries formulated in the form of an e-mail. This form of inquiries raises the question of the admissibility of full anonymity of the requests, on the one hand, and the scope of permissible verification of the data of the author of the application to the extent that it does not violate the rights of the individual to obtain complete public information.
Stakeholder Engagement in Government Regulatory Initiatives
Authors: Śliwa Renata
Published: May 2023

The chapter aims to present the magnitude of stakeholders’ engagement in the nationwide order-making processes. It is claimed herein that stakeholder engagement in rulemaking, including participation of stakeholders in impact assessment systems has a considerable impact on the prosperity of a country. To pursue the aim of the paper on the basis of literature review, it includes a picture of associative feature of society. Then, the data on stakeholder engagement is presented in selected countries. At the end, the stakeholder involvement into rule-making processes scores were compiled with the results of prosperity in analyzed countries.
Koncepcja jednolitego portalu e-Government dla obywatela w Polsce
Authors: Grabowska Marta
Published: May 2023

Digitization of public administration is a process which serves not only to streamline functioning of public authorities but also to enable citizens an access to public information, to pursue their rights, to perform citizens’ duties and to enable them to take part in ruling in order to perform the idea of civil society. In the last few years the author of the paper conducted research within the class „Digital society and e-Government” run at the University of Warsaw, Poland on digitization of Polish public administration on the level of obliged entities, and on the attempt of Polish Authorities to create a unified portal (gateway) of e-Government for a citizen. It included also the European Union’s requirements and recommendations in this field. Although the Polish e-Government system presents a certain level of development however, it still is not complete and consistent, suffers luck of standardization, overlapping of available functions and modules and a unified gateway for a citizen. In the paper the concept of three parts of the e-Government system for a citizen in Poland is presented, i.e.: access to public information, public services for a citizen and participation in ruling, enriching the present concept with the third one. To carry out a research official documents of the EU and Poland on public administration and its digitization process were used, some elements of systems analysis were applied to investigate structures of public administration web pages and portals on both levels in Poland and the literature of the subject. The article presents the situation as at 31st August 2022.
Wrażliwość społeczna władzy w kontekście dostępności cyfrowej administracji publicznej
Authors: Ziółkowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2023

Currently, the digital transformation of public administration is an intensified process. With many advantages, including acceleration and simplification of administrative procedures, fast communication both sphere of the empire and the dominion, outside and inside public administration, brings threats resulting mainly from the maladjustment of society or part to the changing reality, in which solutions requiring digital competences are beginning to dominate. This phenomenon is one of the reasons for broadly understood social exclusion, which should be counteracted by an authority sensitive to the population’s needs. The actions taken by it must be multidirectional (actual actions and normative acts of a different nature: from acts to planning acts and executive regulations) and permanent, because the digitization of administration has not been completed. On the contrary – it is a continuous process. The role of a sensitive public authority is define its rational limits, to support individuals at risk of exclusion, make public services and information digitally accessible, while taking into account the need for changes in public administration and the benefits of digitization.
Kompetencje Unii Europejskiej w zakresie cyfryzacji administracji publicznej państw członkowskich
Authors: Kawka Inga
Published: May 2023

The article discusses the issue of the legal basis for the EU to take action in the field of digitization of public administration in EU Member States. The lack of a provision authorizing the EU to take action in this area means that the current EU legal framework consists of point solutions and is based on different legal bases depending on the scope of the adopted act of secondary legislation. However, EU institutions and Member States notice the need for a comprehensive regulation solving problems affecting the development of e-government in Europe. A holistic approach to the digitization of government is needed especially in the case of cross-border issues common to any e-government implementation environment, in particular citizens’ rights. An example of EU action in this regard is the European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles in the Digital Decade.
Observations on the European Requirements for the Constitution of a Company (Art. 10 Codified Directive)
Authors: Bartolacelli Alessio
Published: May 2023

In this essay, I consider some specific aspects of Art. 10 of Directive (EU) 2017/1132. I focus, in particular, on the different linguistic versions of the norm, and the fact that they set down different requirements in each Member State, determining in this way the impossibility of defining common standards to be used when it comes to the control of the founding documents of the company. As a conclusion, I argue that even if the area is not harmonised by the EU legislation, some sort of spontaneous harmonisation has anyway taken place among the Member States, and not one of them has developed radically deregulated normative solutions.
E-formalizm. Uwagi na marginesie formalizacji i cyfryzacji procedur wdrożeniowych polityki rozwoju
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Jacek , Grzybowski Tomasz
Published: May 2023

Proceedings concerning the implementation of financial instruments and the distribution of EU funds are characterized by strong formalization and numerous requirements addressed to their participants. These procedures also use more on digitization. Greater than in standard, formalization of these procedures brings benefits such as improved communication, speed up the process and further legal certainty of the data and documents transferred. In some situations, however, it may lead to violation of the rules or limitation of access to EU funds. The positive and negative aspects of e-formalization trigger a discussion on the need for a using some requirements or tools, which is related to the problem of the formalism limits with respect to the goals, functions and principles of EU law and EU cohesion policy. The authors of the article, referring to the theoretical and doctrinal characteristics of formalism and case law of administrative courts, consider whether the formal requirements and digital tools used in development policy procedures generate some new problems, or whether they duplicate well known, only in a new version or new form.
Digitalisation of Criminal Justice
Authors: Sołtysińska Aleksandra
Published: May 2023

Digitisation of the judiciary is one of the elements of building e-government to make it easier for EU citizens to access public services. Electronic tools can be applied in all areas related to criminal justice and concern: serving, conducting, preserving and transmitting evidence, organizing remote trials, participating in procedural actions, registering hearings and operating databases. Electronic tools support judicial cooperation in criminal matters and speed up the process of information exchange. However, in preparing regulations for the digitisation of justice, national and EU legislators should keep in mind the need to comply with fair trial standards, especially the right to a defense.
Development of E-government in the Context of Digital Skills and Digital Education toward the Phenomenon of Literacy/Illiteracy
Authors: Kostić Miomira
Published: May 2023

In the paper, the author highlights the notion of literacy/illiteracy. Literacy is the ability to use the available system of symbols, which are at the heart of learning and teaching, for the purpose of understanding and compiling, or for the purpose of making communication sense and knowledge. Literacy is a wider concept of a printed word that is read or written. It is shaped by context, participants, and applied technologies. Today’s context includes the development of technologies, along with visual, audio, gesture, space, or multimedia discourse. Some scholars claim that there was always a crisis moment in relation to literacy, historically observed. Taking into account tradition, criticism and approaches in relation to literacy, UNESCO documents have separated four areas of literacy understanding: literacy as an independent set of skills; literacy as something that is being applied, practiced and established; literacy as a learning process; literacy as text, content of words. Also, UNESCO defines digital literacy, as a special need that people can be functional in digital world, especially in everyday life using e-government. Criminological literature does not have a single understanding of how education can affect the manifestation of delinquency activities (pessimistic and optimistic currents), although statistical data show that among the delinquents there are a large number of those with low education and a lower degree of culture.
Development of e-Government in the Context of Digital Skills and Digital Education toward the Phenomenon of Literacy/Illiteracy
Authors: Rudnieva Anna , Malovana Yuliia
Published: May 2023

The article explores the issues of forming the image of Ukraine in the context of modern information processes, digital transformation and deployment of e-governance, defined as a positive image influencing domestic processes, geopolitical positioning, the place of the state in the information and political space. A change in the formation of a positive image of Ukraine after the outbreak of the war with the Russian Federation on February 24, 2022 was noted. Along with an open armed conflict, there is a struggle in the information space, an image struggle. An example of Ukraine’s positioning in the world information space within the framework of the “Courage” campaign is considered, the purpose of which is to raise the spirit of Ukrainians and at the same time intensify the presence of Ukraine’s image in the world information space, formation of sympathy and support for the country, and laying the foundation for future cooperation after the end of the war. The criteria for the formation of the „Portrait of Ukraine,” aimed at increasing the assessment of the country in the eyes of the international community and its own population are proposed, including: independence, tolerance and cooperation, developed democracy, political stability, security, openness, economic independence and competitiveness, national, cultural, natural, traditional and historical uniqueness, originality, and attractiveness for investment. The influence of the activities of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine in strengthening modernization processes, introducing digital technologies in public administration, and developing e-governance has been studied. The latest information, digital and communication technologies being introduced in Ukraine in line with the development of e-governance have made the provision of public services more comfortable and citizen-oriented. This significantly affects the process of the population’s perception of their own state, stimulates the development of information democracy and creates prerequisites for improving the image of Ukraine on the international arena.
The Impact of Digitalization on the Development of Public Administration Services and the Improvement of Procedures for Judicial Consideration of the Administrative Cases
Authors: Volkova Julia
Published: May 2023

The article examines the impact of digitalization on the development of service activities of the public administration and the improvement of judicial procedures of the administrative cases. It is stated that today, almost all spheres of life are affected by the development of modern information and communication technologies. Without e-commerce, mobile or SMS banking and other various electronic services that it is already impossible to imagine everyday life. Like the entire progressive world, Ukraine also does not stand aside from the ongoing changes. Recently, a powerful information society tool with all its components has been created in Ukraine. An example of this is the Unified Web Portal of Public Services “Diia,” which provides an opportunity to receive public services, submit appeals, complaints, petitions, conduct electronic correspondence with authorities, conduct surveys, etc. Digitalization is advancing at an incredible rate due to its ability to collect, use and analyze huge amounts of information (digital data). Such digital data is collected through the analysis of “digital footprints” that remain on various digital platforms because of the activities of individuals, social groups or businesses.
Intentions and Behavioural Determinants in the Face of covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Barbosa Sergio , Ordóñez Camilo Andrés , León Laura Andrea , Huerfia Coronado Andrés David
Published: May 2023

The containment of Covid 19 implies challenges for governments and health authorities to motivate citizens to adopt several prevention behaviours (i.e., wearing a face mask, washing hands frequently). The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that motivate people to adopt these behaviours. Our analysis was conducted over data collected by ASCOFAPSI and the Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona about attitudes and beliefs related to the pandemic from 919 people from Colombia). The data was collected using a snowball online sampling between May and June 2020. We found that each prevention behaviour is motivated by a different set of factors. Specifically, based on the theory of planned behaviour, our results suggest that the intention to adopt a kind of preventive behaviour is predicted by a set of variables about subjective norms and attitudes as independent variables and a set of variables linked to perceived control as mediator variables. This suggests that the motivation of prevention behaviours from authorities should be particular to each kind of behaviour and consider the associated particular pattern of motivations as well as sociodemographic characteristics and possibilities of action.
Un vistazo a la inmortalidad: longevidad en murciélagos
Authors: Vargas-López Luis David , Ruíz-Villegas Amaranta
Published: May 2023

¿Son los murciélagos la élite privilegiada de la naturaleza? Además de ser los únicos mamíferos con la capacidad de volar, ahora también son considerados como uno de los grupos de animales más longevos.
Lobo en invierno, coyote en verano
Authors: Monroy-Gamboa Alina Gabriela , Botello Francisco
Published: May 2023

Hay diversas maneras de diferenciar a las especies, sin embargo, algunas son muy parecidas a simple vista y en ocasiones las podemos confundir, sobre todo si modifican su apariencia a lo largo del año, como los cánidos que mudan su pelaje como adaptación a las modificaciones del clima.
Todos deberíamos tener un "Colmillo Blanco"
Authors: Álvarez-Castañeda Sergio Ticul
Published: May 2023

Los ejemplares híbridos son el resultado del cruce entre dos individuos de diferentes especies, subespecies o razas que están evolutivamente cercanas. Los híbridos combinan las características físicas y genéticas de los padres, por lo que en muchas ocasiones pueden ser dominantes sobre las razas o especies originales, modificando su apariencia.
La vida en un hogar inundado de ruido
Authors: Sánchez Vidal Rafael O.
Published: May 2023

La fauna marina se enfrenta todos los días a un océano cada vez más contaminado. Cuando pensamos en la contaminación, el ruido no es precisamente lo primero que viene a nuestra cabeza, pero es una enorme amenaza para los cetáceos afectando su conducta, salud, reproducción y supervivencia.