bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbial and enzymatic activity as influenced by existing cropping pattern in the soils of Ganges floodplain
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Zaber , Karim Md. Rezaul , Majumder Bina Rani , Akter Falguni
Published: July 2019

Effect of multi cropping (Potato-Jute-Sweetgourd-T.Aman, Sweet gourd-Brinjal-Jute, Cauliflower-Radish-Lentil-Basil, Jute-Lentil-Mustard-Wheat and Sweetgourd-Turnip, designated as P-J-S-T, S-B-J, C-R-L-B, J-L-M-W and S-T, respectively) and mono cropping systems (orchard of Lychee, Teak, Turmeric and Banana) on microbial and enzymatic activity of Ganges floodplain soil was investigated. Organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), soil respiration, total nitrogen and urease activity (UA) of the soils were examined. Upon examination it was observed that soils under mono cropping pattern (Lychee, Teak, and Banana) showed significantly (p?0.05) higher MBC, MBN and UA than those under multi cropping pattern. Highest values of MBC and UA found in teak plant were 95.44 milligram/kilogram (mgkg-1) and 6.51µg N released g-1day-1 respectively while for multi cropping pattern the respective values were 37.52 mgkg-1 and 2.23 µg N released g-1day-1 found in S-T and J-L-M-W cropping pattern. The highest MBN (12.70 mgkg-1) was obtained in soil where lychee was practiced. Multi cropping soil showed significantly (p?0.05) higher respiration rate than mono cropping soil and the highest rate was found 508.75 mg CO2 g-1day-1 in J-M-L-W cropping pattern. Turmeric showed the lowest respiration rate (120.75 mg CO2 g-1day-1) among the cropping pattern studied. Both MBC and UA showed positively significant relation with soil organic carbon, and total N at 0.01 % level. High microbial and enzymatic activity of mono cropping soil represent combined effect of vegetation and low tillage practices in soil.
Debata nad środkami zabezpieczającymi w świetle obrad międzynarodowych kongresów penitencjarnych do II wojny światowej
Authors: Tygielski Maciej
Published: July 2019

Artykuł prezentuje debatę nad środkami zabezpieczającymi w prawie karnym, która miała miejsce w na forum międzynarodowych kongresów penitencjarnych, w okresie od 1846 roku, kiedy to obradowano po raz pierwszy we Frankfurcie n. Menem, aż do ostatniego przed wybuchem II wojny światowej kongresu rzymskiego w roku 1935.  Kongresy penitencjarne stanowiły opiniotwórcze gremium, a ich rezolucje stanowiły istotny punkt odniesienia dla ustawodawstwa i praktyki krajów aspirujących do prowadzenia nowoczesnej polityki w zakresie karania. W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie środków zabezpieczających w zderzeniu z innymi aspektami systemu sprawiedliwości karnej i szerszych dylematów związanych z rolę prawa represyjnego w rozwiązywaniu doniosłych społecznie problemów. Zaprezentowano także niektóre aspekty organizacyjne, istotne z punktu widzenia doboru problemów i praktycznego zastosowania rezolucji kongresowych.
Artykuł 58 Ordunku Górnego, czyli rzecz o początkach ubezpieczeń na Śląsku
Authors: Pokoj Jakub
Published: July 2019

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza natury prawnej ubezpieczeń ustanowionych przez artykuł 58 Ordunku Górnego z 1528 roku, wydanego przez Jana II Opolskiego i Jerzego Hohenzollern-Ansbach. Jeden z jego artykułów był poświęcony problematyce ubezpieczeń górników. Artykuł 58 przewidywał, że część tygodniowego wynagrodzenia będzie zabierana i składowana w skrzyni. Pieniądze te były gromadzone i wydawane na potrzeby m.in. chorych i kalekich górników. Ponadto w artykule zawarto tłumaczenie artykułu 58 oraz krótko przedstawiono literaturę odnoszącą się do Ordunku Górnego z 1528 roku.
The motivational self of the novice language learner
Authors: Villalobos-Buehner Maria
Published: July 2019

Novice learners comprise the majority of language students in higher education, but very few decide to continue their foreign language education beyond the required credits. Educators must develop a deeper understanding of what motivates this group of students so they can design pedagogical practices that will help students shift from a checklist mindset to a lifelong commitment approach to language learning. This qualitative study examines the role that a motivational focus and future-self guides play in the language learning experience of novice language learners, taking a language class for the first time, from the USA, and the role that a grammar-based pedagogy has on the formation of those self-guides. Interviews with ten novice language learners showed that six students exhibited a strong promotion focus with an ideal L2 self available in their professional-self concept. Prevention-focused students with an available ought-to L2 self preferred classroom experiences centered around grammar topics while those with a promotional focus preferred culture-based lessons. This study makes recommendations on how language educators could maximize students’ level of engagement by knowing their students’ motivational focus.
Characteristics and hysteresis of saturated-unsaturated seepage of soil landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China
Authors: Yang He , Tang Minggao , Xu Qiang , Gong Zhengfeng , Fu Xiaolin , Alonso-Rodriguez Andres , Li Huajin , Cao Yangjian
Published: July 2019

The characteristics and hysteresis of seepage are critical for assessing the stability of creeping soil landslides after reservoir impoundment. First, field and laboratory tests were conducted to obtain the saturated permeability coefficient of 396 soil landslides within the Three Gorges Reservoir area and trends among these results were obtained through basic statistics. Second, geological surveys show that these soil landslides are mainly composed of mixed soil-rock structures. Thus, a pressure plate instrument was used for estimating the soil-water characteristic parameters of this unsaturated soil-rock mixture. Finally, the seepage characteristics and hysteresis of the soil landslides was analyzed through numerical simulation based on obtained permeability parameters. The results of this research show that the permeability level of the soil landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is, in overall terms, good and moderate, and the permeability of the soil landslides has certain spatial distribution characteristics. Also, it was found that the parameters a and m of the unsaturated Fredlund-Xing model became larger with increasing gravel particle size, dry density, and plasticity index of the soil particle; all with decreasing gravel content. Behavior of the n parameter shows an opposite trend. Furthermore, more than 90% of landslides show seepage hysteresis as their hysteresis parameter is less than 35. Finally, it was found that the hysteresis coefficient and slope gradient are the key parameters conditioning the hysteresis of soil landslides.
Sohlh2 alleviates malignancy of EOC cells under hypoxia via inhibiting the HIF1α/CA9 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Xinyu , Cui Weiwei , Zhang Ruihong , Liu Yang , Li Yongkun , Hao Jing
Published: July 2019

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common and deadly ovarian cancer. Most of the patients have abdominal/pelvic invasion and metastasis at the time of diagnosis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Insufficiency of blood perfusion and diffusion within most solid tumors can lead to a hypoxic tumor microenvironment and promotes tumor malignancy. In the present study, we detected the role of the spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor 2 (sohlh2) on migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of EOC cell lines under hypoxia in vitro. We also investigated the possible mechanism underlying it. The results showed that sohlh2 inhibited the migration, invasion and EMT of EOC cells and might function through suppression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)/carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) signaling pathway. Our results may open a new avenue for the further development of diagnostic tools and novel therapeutics that will benefit EOC patients.
Long noncoding RNA Linc01296 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development through regulation of the miR-26a/PTEN axis
Authors: Zhang Libin , Hu Jing , Hao Menghui , Bu Liang
Published: July 2019

Long noncoding RNA 01296 (Lnc01296) is dysregulated in malignant tumors. However, the detailed effect of Linc01296 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified the biological role of Linc01296 in HCC. The levels of Linc01296 in HCC tissues and a panel of cell lines were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effects of Linc01296 on HCC progression were explored using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, migration and Transwell invasion assays. The interactions among Linc01296, miR-26a and PTEN were determined using luciferase, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Western blot assays. Tumor xenograft models were utilized to confirm the in vivo functional roles of Linc01296 in HCC development. Linc01296 expression was increased in both HCC tissue samples and cell lines. Knockdown of Linc01296 suppressed HCC cell processes, such as proliferation, migration and invasion, and enhanced apoptosis in vitro; these effects were reversed by a miR-26a mimic or PTEN overexpression. Furthermore, knockdown of Linc01296 suppressed HCC growth in vivo. These findings indicated that Linc01296 is involved in HCC progression via regulating miR-26a/PTEN.
Japanese Beef Tariffs: Beef Quality, Farm Programs, and Producer Compensation
Authors: Schmitz Andrew , Seale James L. , Chegini Claudine
Published: July 2019

Beef is a highly protected commodity in Japan and the number of studies on the impact of beef import tariff reduction has increased in light of the controversy over the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA), in which the gains from freer trade in beef was a major point of discussion. We estimate that an 11% tariff reduction for Japanese imports of both Australian and U.S. beef can generate a net welfare gain to Japan of between US$92 million and US$915 million. These results are not overly sensitive to whether beef is treated as homogeneous or heterogeneous. A more significant determinant of welfare gains is the extent to which farm policy would be decoupled along with tariff reductions. Under a decoupled farm program, producer welfare can remain unchanged while the net gain from freer trade is identical to that of complete removal of price supports with no compensation to producers. Therefore, negotiators for U.S. and Australian beef interests should lobby for both lowered tariffs and a decoupling of domestic farm policy within the importing country. This seems to have been the case as Japan was willing to move toward a more decoupled farm program under the TPPA.
Characteristics Contributing to Low- and Minimum-Wage Labour in Germany
Authors: Dütsch Matthias , Himmelreicher Ralf
Published: July 2019

In this article we examine the correlation between characteristics of individuals, companies, and industries involved in low-wage labour in Germany and the risks workers face of earning hourly wages that are below the minimum-wage or low-wage thresholds. To identify these characteristics, we use the Structure of Earnings Survey (SES) 2014. The SES is a mandatory survey of companies which provides information on wages and working hours from about 1 million jobs and nearly 70,000 companies from all industries. This data allows us to present the first systematic analysis of the interaction of individual-, company-, and industry-level factors on minimum- and low-wage working in Germany. Using a descriptive analysis, we first give an overview of typical low-paying jobs, companies, and industries. Second, we use random intercept-only models to estimate the explanatory power of the individual, company, and industry levels. One main finding is that the influence of individual characteristics on wage levels is often overstated: Less than 25 % of the differences in the employment situation regarding being employed in minimum-wage or low-wage jobs can be attributed to the individual level. Third, we performed logistic and linear regression estimations to assess the risks of having a minimum- or low-wage job and the distance between a worker’s actual earnings and the minimum- or low-wage thresholds. Our findings allow us to conclude that several determinants related to individuals appear to suggest a high low-wage incidence, but in fact lose their explanatory power once controls are added for factors relating to the companies or industries that employ these individuals.
Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among older children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait
Authors: Mohamed Kholoud , Al-Abdulrazzaq Dalia , Fayed Amel , El Busairi Eman , Al Shawaf Faisal , Abdul-Rasoul Majedah , Shaltout Azza A.
Published: July 2019

Background

To evaluate the safety of fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among children and adolescent with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of 50 children and adolescents with T1D whose mean age was 12.7 ± 2.1 years was conducted. Twenty-seven patients (54%) were on multiple daily injections (MDI) insulin regimen and 23 (46%) were on insulin pump therapy. Before fasting for Ramadan, children and their families were evaluated and educated about diabetes management during Ramadan. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, number of days fasted, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia episodes, and emergency hospital visits were collected and analyzed after completing the month. Participants were compared according to the insulin treatment regimen and their glycemic control level before Ramadan.

Results

The children were able to fast 20 ± 9.9 days of Ramadan, and the most common cause for breaking the fast was mild hypoglycemia (7.8% among all cases). There was no significant difference between the two insulin regimen groups in breaking fast days, frequency of hypo- or hyperglycemia, weight and HbA1c changes post Ramadan. Patients with HbA1c ≤ 8.5% were able to fast more days during Ramadan with significantly less-frequent hypoglycemic attacks as compared to patients with HbA1c > 8.5 (1.2 ± 1.5 vs. 3.3 ± 2.9 days of hypoglycemia, p = 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions

Fasting for children with T1D above the age of 10 years is feasible and safe in both pump and non-pump users, and well-controlled patients are less likely to develop complications. Education of the families and their children before Ramadan, along with intensive monitoring of fasting children during the month are crucial.
Association of dietary intake below recommendations and micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy and low birthweight
Authors: Shankar Hari , Kumar Neeta , Sandhir Rajat , Singh Mrigendra Pal , Mittal Suneeta , Adhikari Tulsi , Tarique Mohd. , Kaur Parmeet , Radhika M.S. , Kumar Arun , Rao D.N.
Published: July 2019

Background

Pregnancy is associated with biochemical changes leading to increased nutritional demands for the developing fetus that result in altered micronutrient status. The Indian dietary pattern is highly diversified and the data about dietary intake patterns, blood micronutrient profiles and their relation to low birthweight (LBW) is scarce.

Methods

Healthy pregnant women (HPW) were enrolled and followed-up to their assess dietary intake of nutrients, micronutrient profiles and birthweight using a dietary recall method, serum analysis and infant weight measurements, respectively.

Results

At enrolment, more than 90% of HPW had a dietary intake below the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). A significant change in the dietary intake pattern of energy, protein, fat, vitamin A and vitamin C (P < 0.001) was seen except for iron (Fe) [chi-squared (χ2) = 3.16, P = 0.177]. Zinc (Zn) deficiency, magnesium deficiency (MgDef) and anemia ranged between 54–67%, 18–43% and 33–93% which was aggravated at each follow-up visit (P ≤ 0.05). MgDef was significantly associated with LBW [odds ratio (OR): 4.21; P = 0.01] and the risk exacerbate with the persistence of deficiency along with gestation (OR: 7.34; P = 0.04). Pre-delivery (OR: 0.57; P = 0.04) and postpartum (OR: 0.37; P = 0.05) anemia, and a vitamin A-deficient diet (OR: 3.78; P = 0.04) were significantly associated with LBW. LBW risk was much higher in women consuming a vitamin A-deficient diet throughout gestation compared to vitamin A-sufficient dietary intake (OR: 10.00; P = 0.05).

Conclusion

The studied population had a dietary intake well below the RDA. MgDef, anemia and a vitamin A-deficient diet were found to be associated with an increased likelihood of LBW. Nutrient enrichment strategies should be used to combat prevalent micronutrient deficiencies and LBW.
Consonant strengthening: A crosslinguistic survey and articulatory proposal
Authors: Bybee Joan , Easterday Shelece
Published: July 2019

Given the common intuition that consonant lenition occurs more often than fortition, we formulate this as a hypothesis, defining these sound change types in terms of decrease or increase in oral constriction. We then test the hypothesis on allophonic processes in a diverse sample of 81 languages. With the hypothesis confirmed, we examine the input and output of such sound changes in terms of manner and place of articulation and find that while decrease in oral constriction (weakening) affects most consonant types, increase in oral constriction (strengthening) is largely restricted to palatal and labial glides. We conclude that strengthening does not appear to be the simple inverse of weakening. In conclusion we suggest some possible avenues for explaining how glide strengthening may result from articulatory production pressures and speculate that strengthening and weakening can be encompassed under a single theory of sound change resulting from the automatization of production.
Fabrication of Ag Np-coated wetlace nonwoven fabric based on amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer
Authors: Zhang Guangyu , Wang Dao , Xiao Yao , Dai Jiamu , Zhang Wei , Zhang Yu
Published: July 2019

To prepare antibacterial fabrics with simple approach, wood pulp/viscose fibers and amino-capped silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) solution were utilized to form Ag Nps-coated wetlace nonwove fabric. Characterization of the Ag Nps and prepared wetlace nonwoven fabric was performed in virtue of TEM, UV-vis, XRD, ICP-AES, FESEM, EDS mapping and antibacterial test. FESEM and EDS characterizations demonstrated the hierarchical and uniform coating of high-density Ag NPs on wood pulp fibers, and antibacterial test indicated the excellent antibacterial activity of prepared wetlace nonwoven fabric.
What do we know about actinides-proteins interactions?
Authors: Creff Gaëlle , Zurita Cyril , Jeanson Aurélie , Carle Georges , Vidaud Claude , Den Auwer Christophe
Published: July 2019

Since the early 40s when the first research related to the development of the atomic bomb began for the Manhattan Project, actinides (An) and their association with the use of nuclear energy for civil applications, such as in the generation of electricity, have been a constant source of interest and fear. In 1962, the first Society of Toxicology (SOT), led by H. Hodge, was established at the University of Rochester (USA). It was commissioned as part of the Manhattan Project to assess the impact of nuclear weapons production on workers’ health. As a result of this initiative, the retention and excretion rates of radioactive heavy metals, their physiological impact in the event of acute exposure and their main biological targets were assessed. In this context, the scientific community began to focus on the role of proteins in the transportation and in vivo accumulation of An. The first studies focused on the identification of these proteins. Thereafter, the continuous development of physico-chemical characterization techniques has made it possible to go further and specify the modes of interaction with proteins from both a thermodynamic and structural point of view, as well as from the point of view of their biological activity. This article reviews the work performed in this area since the Manhattan Project. It is divided into three parts: first, the identification of the most affine proteins; second, the study of the affinity and structure of protein-An complexes; and third, the impact of actinide ligation on protein conformation and function.
Exosome-encapsulated microRNAs as promising biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Chen Jian-jiao , Yang Guang , Yan Qing-qing , Zhao Jie , Li Shao
Published: July 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that locks into long clinical latency and low curative ratio. Therefore, early diagnosis before the clinical phase is quite essential and may be effective for therapeutic prevention. Peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers symbolizing functional neuronal impairment are gradually applied to diagnose AD in research studies. Exosomes have generated immense interest in the diagnosis field of neurodegenerative disorders after confirmation of their roles as mediators, delivering important proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) in intercellular communication. Compelling research results reveal that miRNAs released from exosomes modulate expression and function of amyloid precursor proteins and tau proteins. These findings open up possibility that dysfunctional exosomal miRNAs may influence AD progression. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge of exosomal miRNAs and their involvement in AD, emphasizing their potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers during the preclinical phase of AD.
Designing the Next Generation of HIV Prevention Efficacy Trials: Synopsis of a 2018 Symposium
Authors: Janes Holly , Donnell Deborah , Nason Martha
Published: July 2019

A one-day symposium was held in Seattle, Washington on November 5, 2018, including a broad array of stakeholders in the HIV prevention community. The topic of discussion was the challenge of designing future HIV prevention efficacy trials, given the multiplicity and speed of changes in the field in recent years, the development and rollout of effective prevention tools, and the resultant complexity in designing trials to evaluate new HIV prevention products. The goal was to identify potential statistical trial design approaches worthy of further investigation, as well as gaps in understanding and logical next steps. We overview the themes that emerged from the presentations, panels, and floor discussions, and outline initial next steps in further exploring design options.
Fibroelastoma in an unusual location: a rare cause of multiple cerebrovascular events
Authors: Mashicharan Mary , El-Dean Zein , Zlocha Viktor , Khoo Jeffrey
Published: July 2019

Fibroelastomas are rare, primary cardiac tumours with a predilection for valvular endothelium and a propensity to embolise. We present the case of a 72-year-old male with multiple cerebrovascular events (CVA) despite oral anticoagulation. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) revealed a small highly mobile left atrial mass with frond-like projections attached by a stalk to the orifice of the LAA. The mass was surgically excised and confirmed to be a fibroelastoma on histological examination. This case report describes a rare but treatable source of multiple cerebrovascular events and highlights the utility of TOE in the assessment of cardiac embolic source.
Sobre la condición migrante de la literatura caribeña: geoestéticas de resistencia, entre el turismo y la soberanía
Authors: Bonfiglio Florencia
Published: July 2019

El artículo analiza algunas problemáticas centrales de la literatura caribeña, en particular de expresión francófona y anglófona, relacionadas, por un lado, con la falta de desarrollo y el funcionamiento colonial de sus sistemas literarios, y, por el otro, con el problema social, económico y político de la emigración en las Antillas. Como propongo, es la misma condición migrante de la literatura caribeña, en tanto sistema atravesado por el desplazamiento masivo de sus productores, la que en gran parte determina sus motivaciones e intereses, enfocados a la identidad regional (y a la cultura regionalista) de modo recurrente. El artículo indaga, entre otros lugares-comunes (Glissant) del discurso literario caribeño, su estética geográficamente marcada que es enunciada aun desde un locus migrante (distante) con fines descolonizadores, los cuales se vinculan con la tradición anticolonialista, masculina y de sesgo militante del siglo pasado. Luego de una revisión de este legado a partir de dos aproximaciones críticas (Tinsley, Condé), se lee una serie de textos donde se observa la persistencia de la geoestética antillana, como A Small Place de Jamaica Kincaid, los cuales se apropian creativamente del discurso turístico desde una perspectiva geopolítica de resistencia a las dominaciones aún coloniales.
Entre el camino y el entrelugar: Un acercamiento entre las novelas Amarás a Dios sobre todas las cosas (2013), del escritor mexicano Alejandro Hernández y La mara (2004), del también mexicano Rafael Ramírez Heredia
Authors: Rodrigues Lopes Mariana
Published: July 2019

Este artículo se propone analizar las representaciones narrativas de las migraciones centroamericanas hacia los Estados Unidos, en su paso por México, tal como son elaboradas en las novelas Amarás a Dios sobre todas las cosas (2013), del escritor mexicano Alejandro Hernández y La mara (2004), del también mexicano Rafael Ramírez Heredia. Nos enfocaremos en dos temas que consideramos de mayor importancia en ambas obras para comprender la Centroamérica de hoy: el papel que juega el concepto de camino para el migrante de Amarás a Dios sobre todas las cosas (2013) y el de entre-lugar en La mara (2004). La reflexión que planteamos en este artículo forma parte de una discusión más amplia desarrollada en nuestra tesis doctoral, que tuvo como eje central las migraciones centroamericanas hacia los Estados Unidos y las representaciones que de estas se hacen en la narrativa contemporánea de la región centroamericana. Interesan de manera particular esos dos textos porque trabajan de manera diferente ambos aspectos –el cronotopo del camino y la noción de entre-lugar–, al mismo tiempo que forman parte de un creciente corpus de novelas que tienen como tema central los movimientos migratorios en la región.
Representaciones de testimoniantes como víctimas y de la guerrilla de las FARC como victimaria en cuatro relatos del secuestro en Colombia
Authors: Romero Leal Karen Lorena
Published: July 2019

Los libros de literatura testimonial del secuestro en Colombia ayudaron a fundamentar el discurso contra-terrorista del segundo periodo presidencial de Uribe, puesto que no solo cuestionaron a la guerrilla de las FARC desde su discurso, sino desde su accionar visto desde adentro. A partir del análisis de cuatro libros testimoniales, se establecen las representaciones de la guerrilla como victimaria y de los secuestrados como víctimas. Estos libros develan un grupo armado “salvaje”, incompasivo, sanguinario, poco humano, que no expresa coherencia entre lo que dice que hace y lo que realmente hace. A partir de diversas operaciones discursivas, se recrea a la organización alzada en armas y al sujeto guerrillero como el Otro violento que hay que derrotar, en tanto exhibe unas condiciones psicológicas e ideológicas sancionables. Sin embargo, se pueden establecer diferencias en la manera cómo los autores representan a la guerrilla y esto tiene que ver también con la manera cómo los testimoniantes se representan a sí mismos como víctimas. El hecho de haber presenciado los hechos victimizantes convierte a los autores de los testimonios en testigos por excelencia, cuya palabra debe creerse. Aunque una parte significativa de los relatos testimoniales está compuesta por las descripciones de los vejámenes de la guerrilla hacia los secuestrados y las pésimas condiciones en que estos vivían, los testimonios también son documentos de resistencia y recomposición de la identidad.
Semioscaping Eutopia
Authors: Theodoropoulou Irene
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with place branding as a multimodally constructed phenomenon in the digital semioscape of advertisements pertaining to the collaboration between Qatar Airways and FC Barcelona. Through its digital spatialisation, Qatar, and, by extension, Qatari leadership of the country, is argued to construct for and brand itself as an image of eutopia (i.e. a nice place to live) drawing on two techniques, inter-peopleisation and reterritorialisation. In this way, Qatar aims at engaging in controversially conveyed soft politics, whereby it can strategically secure its national sustainability by achieving recognizability, admiration and respect both inside and outside its borders. Qatar Airways’ semioscape is also argued to be a visceral semioscape, whose analysis creates academic fetish, namely added value for Qatar in academic scholarship from a person who has been living and working in the country for nine years. It is important to have such emic re?ections, in order to do justice to a country that is usually portrayed in very negative and distorted terms in world media, by people who do not have deep knowledge of the country and its people.
'Kawaii' in the semiotic landscape
Authors: Hiramoto Mie , Wee Lionel
Published: July 2019

The Japanese word kawaii means ‘cute’, ‘lovable’ or ‘adorable’ and is used to express the quality of cuteness or kawaiiaesthetics in the general context of Japanese culture. This concept has become prominent in many aspects of Japanese modern culture, including clothing, personal appearance, food, toys, behaviour and mannerisms. While entities culturally characterized as kawaii are considered adorable and delicate, they also tend to appeal to people’s deep inward affections in a visceral manner. Scholarly discussions of kawaii have tended to focus on speci?c entities like commodi?ed objects or school children, and these target entities are treated as relatively isolable units that happen to be imbued with kawaii attributes. Concomitantly, this also means that the question of how kawaiientities or other features associated with kawaii aesthetics might be integrated into the broader sociocultural environment has tended to remain relatively underexplored. Drawing attention to kawaii as a key component of Japanese material culture, this paper investigates selected kawaii data taken from banal civic signs in Tokyo’s semiotic landscapes. We then analyse the role of kawaii in matters traditionally not associated with kawaii through the lens of affection and viscerality.
Changing tastes on the linguistic landscape of Asmara, Eritrea
Authors: Weldemichael Tedros , Peck Amiena , Williams Quentin
Published: July 2019

Asmara, the capital city of Eritrea, has for the longest time had a clear demarcation between Christian and Muslim eateries, with Arabic as the differentiating marker between the two. With the in?ux of Sudanese Muslim tourists, however, a number of Christian eateries in downtown Asmara have begun including Arabic on their signage. We approach the changes to the LL in two ways: (i) through a geosemiotic analysis of selected mixed signs on and around Asmara’s busy downtown Harnet Avenue, and (ii) through a discourse analysis of interviews with Christian establishment owners/managers. We contend that by viewing the versatility of Arabic as an ‘adaptable artefact’ (cf. Pennycook, 2017) in Asmara, we can moreover discuss the LL as semiotic assemblages of ‘halaalness’ which caters to the visceral needs for comfort at the eateries under study. Here we follow Pennycook (2017) and Bennet (2010) who contend that language and, similarly, linguistic repertoires should not be con?ned to individuals per se as space and practices can also be said to express themselves multilingually through artifact, bodies and semiotics.
'The grammar of knowledge: A cross-linguistic typology' by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and Robert M. W. Dixon (eds) (2014)
Authors: Dwivedi Amitabh
Published: July 2019

The grammar of knowledge: A cross-linguistic typology
Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and Robert M. W. Dixon (eds) (2014)
Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Pp. xxii +289
ISBN: 9780198701316
'Inheritance and innovation in a colonial language: Towards a usage-based account of French Guianese Creole' by William Jennings and Stefan Pfänder (2018)
Authors: Siegel Jason
Published: July 2019

Inheritance and innovation in a colonial language: Towards a usage-based account of French Guianese Creole

William Jennings and Stefan Pfänder (2018)
London: Palgrave Macmillan. Pp. 240
ISBN: 978-3-319-61951-4
Feldspar ở Việt Nam - chất lượng, tiềm năng và khả năng sử dụng
Authors: Phượng Trần Kim
Published: July 2019

CENOZOIC ...
Địa động lực miền Bắc Việt Nam trong đại tân sinh: Những kết quả ban đầu của chương trình hợp tác Việt Nam - Ba Lan
Authors: Yêm Nguyễn Trọng , Cường Nguyễn Quốc , Zuchiewicz Witoid , Tokarski Antoni K.
Published: July 2019

CENOZOIC GEODYNAMICS OF THE NORTH VIETNAM...
Kiểm tra chất lượng số liệu GPS
Authors: Hải Vy Quốc
Published: July 2019

Quality checking of GPS data
Lessons Learned From the Creation of a Business of Medicine Course
Authors: Daily Joshua , Teo Esther , Thrush Carol , Mizell Jason
Published: July 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Knowledge, attitudes, and skills required to successfully manage business and personal finances are rarely taught within traditional medical education. This has contributed to low financial literacy, high stress related to educational debt, and burnout among physicians. To address this deficiency, we created the Business of Medicine course for fourth-year medical students which teaches basic business and personal finance topics. As we have reflected on lessons learned in the creation and implementation of this course, we have recorded them for the benefit of others who desire to partner with us in teaching this important topic to the next generation of physicians.
Thermo-hydraulic effects of vortex generator pairs in a crossflow channel with a transverse-jet flow
Authors: KOK Beşir
Published: July 2019

The use of
passive obstacles to control the hydraulic and thermal behavior of fluids is an
application in many industrial mechanisms. In this study, flow and thermal
oscillation behaviors in a crossflow channel with a transverse jet flow were
investigated numerically. Passive vortex
generator(VG) pairs with different geometric properties were used in the test
channel and their thermo-hydraulic effects in the active mixing zone were
discussed. In addition, nine boundary conditions, which
are the function of velocity and temperature, have been applied to the
computational domain. The results showed
that VG pairs with different geometric properties do not provide an effective
improvement in thermal mixing behavior, but they are very successful in removing
thermal oscillations from the channel walls. Momentum
and temperature differences between cross flow and jet flow are the secondary
parameters of the study. When the jet velocity was gradually increased by
keeping the crossflow rate constant, improvements in thermal mixing performance
were observed but in this case, it was
also seen that thermal oscillations reached the channel walls. As the jet temperature
increased, a decrease in thermal mixing performance was observed due to the
increased hot fluid dominance in the duct.
BEŞ YAŞ ÇOCUKLARINA UYGULANAN FEN EĞİTİM PROGRAMININ FEN ÖĞRENİMİ VE BAKIŞ AÇISI ALMA BECERİLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLİLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÖLÇER Sevinç , GÜNGÖR AYTAR F. Abide
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, yaratıcı fen eğitim programının beş
yaş çocuklarının fen öğrenimi ve bakış açısı alma becerileri üzerindeki
etkililiğini ortaya koymaktır. Ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneme modelinin
kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, okul öncesi eğitimine devam eden ve benzer özelliklere sahip iki okul öncesi eğitim kurumundan
yansız örnekleme yolu ile seçilen 30’u deney (14 kız, 16 erkek), 30’u
kontrol (14 kız, 16 erkek) grubu olmak üzere 60 çocuk yer almıştır. Veriler
Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Fen Öğreniminin Değerlendirilmesi (Science Learning Assessment-SLA) testi ile 4-5 yaş çocuklarına yönelik Bakış Açısı Alma
(Perspective-Taking) Testi’nin Bilişsel ve Algısal Bakış Açısı Alma alt
testleriyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde, deney ve kontrol
gruplarının ön test puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız gruplarda t
testi, deney ve kontrol grubu ön test-son test karşılaştırmalarda ise gruplar
arasındaki ön test puan ortalamalarında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı için İki
Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) tekniği kullanılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol
gruplarının ön test-son test puan ortalamalarında deney grubu lehine
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, deney
grubundaki çocuklara uygulanan fen eğitim programının çocukların fen öğrenimi
ve bakış açısı alma becerileri üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir.
ENGELLİLERDE BEDEN EĞİTİMİ VE SPOR ÇALIŞMALARININ ÇEŞİTLİ KRİTERLER AÇISINDAN GÖZDEN GEÇİRİLMESİ
Authors: NİŞLİ Muhammed Yunusnur , ACAR Zaim Alparslan , ÖZ NİŞLİ Emine
Published: July 2019

Engelli bireylerin yaşamlarında beden eğitimi ve spor çok önemli
bir yere sahiptir. Dolayısıyla bu önem alandaki araştırmacılar tarafından
birçok çalışmayı da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2000-2017
yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen, ön test ve son test kontrollü araştırmalar
olarak desenlenen, engellilerde beden eğitimi ve spor çalışmalarının çeşitli
kriterler açısından gözden geçirilmesidir. Bu çalışma nitel bir doküman analizi
olarak desenlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada engelliler ile çalışılmış beden eğitimi ve
spor konularını içeren, ön test-son test çalışmaları yapılmış olan, bireylerin
fiziksel uygunluk düzeylerini inceleyen, dergilerde yayınlanmış Türkçe ve
İngilizce makaleler ve Türkiye’de yayımlanmış yüksek lisans ve doktora tezleri
olmak üzere 44 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Makaleler, çalışılan grup, kullanılan
ölçüm araçları, fiziksel uygunluklar açısından incelenmiş ve bu kriterler göz
önüne alınarak eleme yapıldığında 17 makale ile çalışılmıştır.
YEDİNCİ SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÖYKÜLEYİCİ METİN YAZMA BECERİLERİNİN ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BAŞKAN Ahmet
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmada, yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin öyküleyici metin yazma becerilerinin cinsiyet, anne-baba eğitim düzeyi, aylık ortalama gelir, kitap okuma sıklığı, öncesi eğitim alma, Türkçe ders notu değişkenlerine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediği incelenmiştir. Araştırma, 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılında Diyarbakır ilinde bulunan altı farklı okulda öğrenim gören toplam 515 yedinci sınıf öğrencisinin yazdığı metinler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modeline göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada öğrencilerin oluşturdukları metinleri değerlendirmek için Öyküleyici Metin Tamamlama Formu (Başkan, 2018); yazılı anlatımlarını değerlendirmek için ise Öyküleyici Metin Puanlama Anahtarı (Başkan, 2018) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin öyküleyici metin yazma becerilerinin orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca öğrencilerin öyküleyici metin yazma becerileri ile cinsiyet, anne-baba eğitim durumu, kitap okuma sıklığı ve okul öncesi eğitim alma durumu değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı düzeyde farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir.
MUTLULUĞUN EMPATİ, AFFETME VE YAŞAM DOYUMU ARASINDAKİ ARACI ROLÜ: BİR YOL ANALİZİ
Authors: KAYA Özgür Salih , ORÇAN Fatih
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin empatik

eğilimleriyle yaşam doyumu ve affetme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide mutluluğun

aracılık rolünün olup olmadığını saptamaktır. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama

modeline uygun olarak düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri 2016-2017 eğitim

öğretim yılı güz yarıyılında bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 209 kız,

142 erkek olmak üzere toplam 351 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin yaş

ortalaması 20.3’tür. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Toronto Empati Ölçeği,

Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği Türkçe Formu, Öznel Mutluluk Ölçeği ve Affedicilik Ölçeği

kullanılmıştır. Hipotez edilen yol modelini incelemek için veriler SPSS 24 ve

Mplus 5.1 programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağıldığı

gözlenmiştir ve bu yüzden maksimum olabilirlik tahmin metodu

kullanılmıştır.  Çoklu bağlantı

probleminin olmadığı ve model veri uyum değerlerinin kabul edilebilir olduğu

görülmüştür (

=1.58, CFI=.99, TLI=.97, RMSEA=.04, SRMR=.01). Sonuçta,

empatinin affetme ve yaşam doyumu üzerinde doğrudan bir etkisinin olduğu

bulunmuştur. Ayrıca mutluluğun empati, yaşam doyumu ve affetme arasında aracı

rolü olduğu saptanmıştır.
DIGITALIZATION OF LAW: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Kornev A. V.
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the problems associated with digitalization of the legal environment and some types of legal activities. The problems under consideration include the increase in electronic document flow, the so-called «electronic justice», electronic communication technologies in legislative and law enforcement activities. The author substantiates the premise concerning the inevitability of transformation of the legal system under the influence of information and communication technologies. The article describes the experience of some foreign countries where the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution have been used for quite a long time. The problems that arise due to the use of digital technologies in the legal sphere are outlined. The author highlights the role of digital information and its importance for managerial and administrative decision-making and maps changes associated with legal forms of the activity of the State. Predictions are made regarding the development of the legal system and the system of legislation, legal profession and some types of legal activities in the short term. The author substantiates the premise that the development of technologies is almost the main factor of competitiveness of a modern State.
THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE INTERROGATION OF WITNESSES IN THE PRE-TRIAL STAGES OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS (COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION LEGISLATION AND LAWS OF SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES)
Authors: Antonovich E. K.
Published: July 2019

The testimony of witnesses represents the type of evidence, without which practically no criminal case can do. It is the significance of this type of evidence that determines the legislative requirements for the regulation of preparation and the procedure for the interrogation of a witness, as well as for the recording of evidence. This is of particular importance both from the standpoint of ensuring the admissibility and reliability of evidence, as well as from the point of view of ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of persons involved in criminal proceedings. The national legislation of modern states creates its own standards for the use of witness testimony in proving criminal cases. With all the variety of approaches, the importance of information technology in the collection, testing and evaluation of witness testimony can be viewed in the following main areas: as a means of fixing an investigative action, as a way of establishing the actual circumstances relevant to the case, as a means of ensuring the production of an investigative action, and as a means of transmitting information. 

Based on the analysis of the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation and some foreign countries, the paper examines the problems of legislative regulation of the use of digital technologies during the interrogation of witnesses, including remote interrogation and deposition of witness testimony. Special attention is given to distant interrogation at the request of foreign countries.
TRANSFORMATION OF PRE-TRIAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE INITIAL STAGE OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS, ENSURING ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN THE INDUSTRY 4.0 ERA
Authors: Maslennikova L. N.
Published: July 2019

The paper deals with topical issues of ensuring access to justice in criminal proceedings, and substantiates the need to change the paradigm of the pre-trial proceedings. The new digital reality Industry 4.0 assumes a tremendous pace of development, profound changes in all spheres of society, including criminal proceedings. The author argues that the digital transformation of criminal proceedings in terms of ensuring access to justice is impossible unless the legislative model (algorithm) of the initial stage of criminal proceedings ensuring access to justice is changed. The key point in the transformation of the pre-trial proceedings should be the electronic interaction of the state and society (population) in the new digital reality. There are fundamentally new opportunities for participation in criminal proceedings (including remotely) and new opportunities to influence decision making and control over decision making (automatization of a crime report and the start of investigation registration, the ability to file complaints, petitions, receive notifications, copies of decisions in electronic form).
THE RATIO OF THE GROUNDS FOR INITIATING A CRIMINAL CASE AND THE GROUNDS FOR CHARGES IN CONDITIONS OF DIGITIZATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Obidin K. V.
Published: July 2019

The proliferation and active use of technical means of audio and video recording in the process of identifying and proving certain types of crimes leads to the need to rethink the correlation of certain theoretical concepts. The paper analyzes similar elements and differences in the grounds for initiating a criminal case and the grounds for accusation. Attention is drawn to the convergence of the content of these concepts in the conditions of the spread of digital technologies in criminal proceedings. It is suggested that the use of audio and video recordings in a cognitive procedure has a significant effect on the inner conviction of the investigator and the inquiry officer when making procedural decisions. The possibility of initiating a criminal case is analyzed solely on the basis of audio and video. The author states his point of view on the inadmissibility of simplifying the procedure for establishment of evidence in cases of audio and video recordings, along with confessions, since in this case there is a violation of the basic foundations of cognitive activity in criminal proceedings.
THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN DETECTING AND FIXING DIGITAL TRACES: ANALYSIS OF MODERN PRACTICE
Authors: Semikalenova A. I. , Ryadovskiy I. A.
Published: July 2019

The paper analyzes the results of studying the current practice of identifying, fixing, preserving and anticipating the forensic examination of the study of digital traces of crime. As a toolkit for monitoring investigative and operational investigative activities in this area, there were applied personal conversations and surveys of employees of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, investigative and operational search units of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, employees of other services and departments, students of the relevant specialization. In addition, experts in the field of computer information technologies from both the private and public sector, involved in investigative actions and operational search activities were interviewed.The paper presents the results of this study, identifying current problems of criminal justice, faced by law enforcement officials investigating crimes involving information and computer technology, while seizing and recording computer information.
Un théâtre d'expression féminine en Ontario français depuis 2008: étude de trois auteures
Authors: Paré François
Published: July 2019

Un théâtre d'expression féminine en Ontario français depuis 2008: étude de trois auteures