bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological characterization of leptospirosis in horses in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Alves José Romero Alexandre , Oliveira Kalyne Danielly Silva de , Costa Diego Figueiredo da , Fernandes Leise Gomes , Higino Severino Silvano dos Santos , Alves Clebert José , Santos Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista , Azevedo Sergio Santos de
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT: An epidemiological survey aiming to determine the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and to identify risk factors was carried out in horses of the Pajeú microregion, state of Pernambuco. Sera from 100 horses from 38 properties in four counties in the region were examined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), using 24 Leptospira spp. serovars as antigens. Of the 100 samples tested, 28 (28%) were positive. Most prevalent serovars were Patoc (35.71%), Butembo (32.14%) and Sentot (14.30%). Supply of pasture as forage (odds ratio =7.80; 95% confidence interval - 95%CI 1.71-35.50; p=0.008) was identify as risk factor. It is suggested the need for studies on agent isolation and characterization of its pathogenicity, as well as it is recommended the rodent control in deposits of feed and environment.
Seminário de Integração como Dispositivo Pedagógico de Inovação Curricular no Ensino da Saúde: a Percepção do Estudante sobre o Paciente
Authors: Toassi Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti , Stoffels Danielle , Bergamaschi Isabela Polesi , Silva Alessandra Dutra da , Rados Pantelis Varvaki
Published: November 2016

RESUMO Pesquisa exploratória documental de abordagem qualitativa cujo objetivo foi compreender como está se constituindo a formação do estudante de Odontologia em relação ao cuidado em saúde, a partir de uma atividade de ensino interdisciplinar ocorrida no segundo ano da formação do cirurgião-dentista. Foi realizado um levantamento retrospectivo do material produzido pelos estudantes do terceiro semestre do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, no Seminário de Integração IV, de 2006 a 2013. O corpus de análise foi formado por relatos de acompanhamento de pacientes e narrativas. Foram analisados 95 relatos de casos de pacientes e 67 narrativas pelo método da análise temática de conteúdo de Bardin. A análise do material resultou em 17 unidades de significação/categorias emergentes. A inclusão das narrativas no Seminário de Integração como estratégia metodológica de ensino na saúde trouxe a qualificação dos relatos e aproximou os estudantes do ser humano a ser cuidado, passando por sua queixa principal, história de vida e subjetividades. Currículos inovadores e integrados na área da saúde devem ser acompanhados permanentemente com base na experiência concreta nesta e em outras instituições de educação superior do País.
Rastreamento do Transtorno de Despersonalização/Desrealização em Estudantes de Medicina de uma Universidade Federal no Brasil
Authors: Silva Felipe Vencato da , Carvalho Neto Eurípedes Gomes de , Chaves Junior Lauditoni Pereira , Jesus Dkaion Vilela de , Dantas Milton Vilar Ferreira , Fonseca Allex Jardim da
Published: November 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência de Transtorno de Despersonalização/Desrealização (DP/DR) em estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Roraima e correlacionar com dados socioeconômicos e pessoais. Métodos Estudo de corte transversal, quantitativo e descritivo, desenhado para avaliar a prevalência de DP/DR em estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR) em 2014 utilizando-se a Cambridge Depersonalization Scale como instrumento de pesquisa. Resultados A prevalência geral de DP/DR em estudantes de Medicina da UFRR foi de 11,5%. A prevalência foi maior nas séries iniciais (do primeiro ao terceiro ano) (OR = 10,7) em relação às séries finais. Não houve correlação de prevalência de DP/DR com fatores individuais, como idade, sexo ou renda. Conclusão Observamos uma prevalência expressiva de transtorno de DP/DR em acadêmicos de Medicina, que pode afetar negativamente a vida pessoal e profissional, gerando sofrimento significativo. É possível que as séries iniciais apresentem um risco maior de desenvolvimento do transtorno, e os mecanismos de enfrentamento do estresse desenvolvidos pelos estudantes podem exercer papel fundamental na suscetibilidade a este e a outros transtornos psíquicos.
Atendimento à Lei Arouca no Ensino de Farmacologia no Curso de Medicina, UFC, Sobral
Authors: Saraiva Thiago de Vasconcelos , Cruz Marcondes Pimentel , Carneiro Jamille Fernandes , Silva Wanderson Clemente Barros da , Medeiros Neto Francisco Gerardo , Vieira Ângela Magalhães , Val Danielle Rocha do , Oliveira Isaura Nelsivania Sombra , Souza Marcelo Marques Simões de , Chaves Hellíada Vasconcelos , Cristino Filho Gerardo , Pinto Vicente de Paulo Teixeira , Bezerra Mirna Marques
Published: November 2016

RESUMO De acordo com a Lei Arouca (Lei n° 11.794 – 2008), que estabelece critérios para “a criação e a utilização de animais em atividades de ensino e pesquisa científica, em todo o território nacional”, tem-se que, “sempre que possível, as práticas de ensino deverão ser fotografadas, filmadas ou gravadas, de forma a permitir sua reprodução para ilustração de práticas futuras, evitando-se a repetição desnecessária de procedimentos didáticos com animais”. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o desenvolvimento de um software (Pharmasoftware®) como método alternativo de ensino em Farmacologia no curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Campus Sobral. Para a certificação, foram utilizados dois grupos de alunos, um em aula prática convencional e outro com o Pharmasoftware®. A análise dos resultados revelou que ambas as atividades foram igualmente eficazes em auxiliar na consolidação do tema Vias de Administração dos Fármacos, evidenciando, assim, o Pharmasoftware® como uma ferramenta capaz de auxiliar no ensino da Farmacologia e, ainda, de fomentar a implantação de outros métodos alternativos de ensino de Farmacologia nas Instituições de Ensino Superior.
Educação Permanente em Saúde e Manoel de Barros: uma Aproximação Desformadora
Authors: Figueiredo Eluana Borges Leitão de , Gouvêa Mônica Vilella , Silva Ana Lúcia Abrahão da
Published: November 2016

RESUMO Trata-se de uma reflexão que promove diálogo entre pressupostos da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) e proposições desformadoras do poeta Manoel de Barros, com o objetivo de contribuir para a transvisão da formação e do trabalho em saúde. Optou-se por desvelar tal aproximação com base nos versos do poema “As lições de RQ”, que funcionaram como plataforma para os saltos reflexivos. A discussão encontrou respaldo principal em Paulo Freire e Adolfo Sanchez Vázquez, uma vez que caminhou na perspectiva de uma práxis revolucionária, transformadora e libertadora.
Avaliação dos Atributos em Atenção Primária à Saúde no Estágio em Saúde da Família
Authors: Lins Tiago Salessi , Soares Francisco José Passos , Coelho Jorge Artur Peçanha de Miranda
Published: November 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os atributos da APS desenvolvidos durante o estágio de internato em Saúde da Família do curso médico da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (Ufal). Trata-se de um estudo transversalp, em que os dados foram coletados por meio do questionário PCATool-Brasil aplicado aos preceptores médicos das Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família (UBSF) e discentes que já haviam cursado o estágio em Saúde da Família. As médias dos escores para ambos, preceptores e discentes, foram consideradas boas: o escore essencial foi 6,71 e 6,78; o escore derivado, 7,35 e 7,67; e o escore geral, 6,88 e 6,91, para preceptores e discentes, respectivamente. No entanto, evidenciaram-se fragilidades nos atributos de acesso (5,94 e 5,91), coordenação do cuidado (5,33 e 5,00) e integralidade e serviços complementares disponíveis (6,36 e 5,99). Foi evidenciado que as UBSF de ensino da Ufal apresentam, em sua maioria, escores satisfatórios dos atributos da APS de maneira a contribuir para uma formação adequada às necessidades de saúde da população, e o seu aprimoramento pode fortalecer sua integração ensino-serviço.
Fatores Associados à Qualidade de Vida de Docentes da Área da Saúde
Authors: Souto Lyssa Esteves Souza , Souza Sarah Martins , Lima Cássio de Almeida , Lacerda Mayara Karoline Silva , Vieira Maria Aparecida , Costa Fernanda Marques da , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: November 2016

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever a qualidade de vida e os fatores associados entre os docentes dos cursos de graduação da área da saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Teve como cenário uma universidade pública, situada em uma cidade de porte médio no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram organizados e analisados no programa estatístico Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 18.0. Aplicou-se a estatística descritiva, o T de Student e Anova/post hoc de Bonferroni para investigar associações. Identificou-se qualidade de vida boa nos domínios psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente, e regular no domínio físico. Docentes que exercem a carreira há mais de 12 anos, não têm companheiro, não residem com a família, apresentam idade inferior a 43 anos e atuam nos cursos de Biologia e Medicina apresentaram comprometimento da qualidade de vida. Recomendam-se ações efetivas de promoção da saúde, especialmente para os professores com menores escores de qualidade de vida.
Interference by Palisade Grass on Coffee Seedlings Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: ALECRIM A.O. , FRANÇA A.C. , SANTOS E.A. , MOREIRA S.D. , LEAL F.D.S. , TIBÃES E.S.R.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effects of the interference by Urochloa brizantha on coffee seedlings inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A randomized block design and a 4 x 2 layout was used, where factor A was constituted by seedlings inoculated with Rhizophagus clarus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Dentiscutata heterogama, as well as some that were not inoculated, and factor B, constituted by plants in competition or alone. The sowing was conducted on washed sand to produce the coffee seedlings, which, during the matchstick stage, were transplanted into polyethylene bags, and inoculated when showing six pairs of leafs. Then, they were transplanted into pots where they were subjected to interference from two plants of U. brizantha for 90 days, during which time their growth and nutrient accumulation were evaluated on the leaves. As a result, an interaction between the following factors was observed: plant height, leaf area, shoot dry weight, dry weight for roots and P, Mg and Zn content in coffee seedlings. The damaging effect on the growth and P accumulation caused by the weed was reduced in coffee seedlings inoculated with mycorrhiza. Another conclusion was that the inoculation factor increases the competitive power of coffee seedlings.
Morpho-Architectural Traits that Allow the Regeneration of Eustachys retusa (poaceae) in Systems with Intensive Glyphosate Application
Authors: PANIGO E.S. , ALESSO C.A. , DELLAFERRERA I.M. , OLIVELLA J. , PERRETA M.G.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Eustachys retusa has low sensitivity to glyphosate at the reproductive stage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of glyphosate on adult E. retusa plants in order to identify the traits that make possible their regeneration in no-tillage systems. For this purpose, reproductive-stage specimens from wild populations were treated with glyphosate at two different rates (480 and 1,200 g a.i. ha-1) including a non-treated control. Results demonstrated that glyphosate could control E. retusa plants at reproductive stage at 1,200 g a.i. ha-1 dose. However, a certain proportion of plants can survive despite having full chlorosis as a consequence of basal bud activation (bud bank) and the presence of reserves in the rhizome. These combinations of morphological traits facilitate the recovery of foliar mass in some plants after the application of the herbicide. This behavior represents a serious problem because E. retusa plants retain the ability to regrow. This shows that, E. retusa management at reproductive stage must be complemented with other cultural and/or chemical tactics.
Barnyardgrass with Multiple Resistance to Synthetic Auxin, ALS and Accase Inhibitors
Authors: EBERHARDT D.S. , OLIVEIRA NETO A.M. , NOLDIN J.A. , VANTI R.M.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to confirm the resistance of a barnyardgrass biotype (Echinochloa crus-galli) to herbicides quinclorac (synthetic auxin), penoxsulam (ALS inhibitor) and cyhalofop-butyl (ACCase inhibitor). Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse located in Itajaí, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. One experiment evaluating the biotype ECH 18 (known as susceptible) and one with the ECH 141 biotype (suspected to be multiple resistant). The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 x 7 factorial arrangement with four replications. The first factor was the herbicide: cyhalofop-butyl (Clincher(r)), penoxsulam (Ricer(r)), quinclorac (Facet(r)) and propanil (Grassaid(r)) and the second factor consisting of seven rates of each herbicide (0.00; 0.25; 0.50; 1; 2; 4 and 8 times the label rate). The evaluations of percentage of control, plant density per pot and dry mass of shoots were performed 35 days after treatments. The rates to control 50% and 80% and the dose to provide 50% and 80% of the weed biomass accumulation and the resistance factor were estimated based on data analysis. The initial hypothesis was confirmed; the biotype ECH 141 presented multiple resistance (synthetic auxin, ALS and ACCase inhibitor). However, the herbicide propanil controlled biotype ECH 141 adequate.
Evaluation of Fenoxaprop-P-Ethyl Resistant Littleseed Canarygrass (Phalaris minor) in Pakistan
Authors: ABBAS T. , NADEEM M.A. , TANVEER A. , AHMAD R.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT To test resistance status of Phalaris minor (littleseed canary grass) to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in Pakistan, a field survey was conducted during 2014. Uncontrolled P. minor plants were selected for seed collection from wheat fields where fenoxaprop-P-ethyl was used to control P. minor. Seeds were collected from eight different locations near Fasialabad, Pakistan. Susceptible plants were also selected near Faisalabad having no history of fenoxaprop-P-ethyluse for comparison. These seeds were grown in pots for resistance confirmation using completely randomized design with factorial arrangement having four replicates. Four doses of fenoxaprop-P-ethylcontrol (0X), 46.9 (0.5X), 93.7 (1X) and 187 (2X) g a.i. ha-1 were sprayed at 3 to 4 leaf stage of P. minor. Three weeks after fenoxaprop-P-ethyl spray, percent mortality and biomass of different biotypes were recorded. Dose killing 50% plants (LD50) and resistance index (RI) were calculated on the basis of percent mortality. Results revealed that out of eight biotypes (PM-FS-1, PM-FS-2, PM-FS-3, PM-FS-4, PM-FS-5, PM-FS-6, PM-FS-7 and PM-FS-8) four biotypes (PM-FS-1, PM-FS-2, PM-FS-6 and PM-FS-7) showed resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. Percent mortality for the resistant biotypes was 51 to 71% even at 2X. Resistance index of the resistant biotypes was 2.13-6.00. Biomass reductions were also significantly lesser in resistant biotypes. Evolution of P. minor resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is first case of herbicide resistance in Pakistan. Research is needed to assess the infestation of herbicide resistant P. minor area in other locations and suggest control measures to evolve the effective management strategy to control the future spread of resistant biotypes.
Molecular detection of Anaplasma species in dogs in Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez Giovanni , André Marcos Rogério , Cendales Diana Maria , Sousa Keyla Carstens Marques de , Gonçalves Luiz Ricardo , Rondelli Mariana Cristina Hoeppner , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Tinucci-Costa Mirela
Published: November 2016

Abstract Anaplasma platys and A. phagocytophilum are tick-borne pathogens that parasitize platelets and neutrophils, respectively, of humans and animals. The former is the etiological agent of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia, while the latter is that of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis. This work involved the detection and identification of Anaplasma species in blood samples from dogs in Colombia, using molecular techniques. Between December 2008 and April 2009, blood samples were drawn from the cephalic vein of 91 dogs in the central-western region of Colombia (cities of Bogota, Villavicencio and Bucaramanga) and stored in tubes containing EDTA. These samples were used in 16S rRNA-Anaplasma spp. nPCR and the preparation of blood smears. One (1.1%) of the 91 sampled dogs showed inclusions suggestive of Anaplasmataceae agents in the cytoplasm of platelets. Based on PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, A. platys and Anaplasma sp. closed related to A. phagocytophilum were detected in two and one dog, respectively. Interestingly, all the samples were negative for specific msp-2-A. phagocytophilum real-time qPCR, suggesting the circulation of an Anaplasma species phylogenetically related to A. phagocytophilum in dogs in the aforementioned region. Hence, Anaplasma spp. circulates among dogs in Colombia, albeit with low frequency. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of Anaplasma spp. in dogs in Colombia.
Does hair coat length affect flea infestation in naturally infested dogs?
Authors: Silva Guilherme Araujo Collares da , Lins Luciana Araujo , Irala Márcio Josué Costa , Cárcamo Marcial Corrêa , Ribeiro Paulo Bretanha
Published: November 2016

Abstract The Siphonaptera are parasitic insects of endothermic animals and Ctenocephalides felis and Pulex irritans are important parasites of dogs. This study evaluated the effect of hair coat length and time of year on the population size of C. felis and P. irritans in naturally infested dogs. Fleas were collected from 14 dogs on a monthly basis for a year (February 2015 to January 2016) at a rural property in Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The dogs were divided into two groups based on hair coat length: short coat (coat length < 5.0 cm, n= 7) and long coat (coat length > 5.0 cm, n= 7). In total, 2057 fleas were collected, 1541 of which were C. felis (74.91%) and 516 were P. irritans (25.08%). The number of C. felis and P. irritans individuals was significantly affected by hair coat length and time of year. The variation in flea numbers over the study months was higher in long-coated than in short-coated dogs for the two flea species and flea numbers increased with increasing mean monthly temperatures. The results provide a better understanding of behavioral aspects of flea communities in dogs and may help develop control strategies targeting these parasites.
Natural canine infection by Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis and their implications for disease control
Authors: Sanches Letícia da Cruz , Martini Cleber Costa de , Nakamura Alex Akira , Santiago Maria Emília Bodini , Dolabela de Lima Beatriz , Lima Valéria Marçal Felix de
Published: November 2016

Abstract Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem worldwide. Because Leishmania can adapt to new hosts or vectors, knowledge concerning the current etiological agent in dogs is important in endemic areas. This study aimed to identify the Leishmania species detected in 103 samples of peripheral blood from dogs that were naturally infected with these protozoa. The diagnosis of leishmaniasis was determined through parasitological examination, the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Leishmania species were identified by means of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The samples were subjected to PCR using oligonucleotide primers that amplify the intergenic region ITS1 of the rRNA gene in order to identify the species. The amplified DNA was digested using the restriction enzyme HaeIII. A restriction profile identical to L. amazonensis was shown in 77/103 samples and the profile was similar to L. infantum in 17/103. However, a mixed profile was shown in 9/103 samples, which impeded species identification. In conclusion, the infection in these dogs was predominantly due to L. amazonensis, thus indicating that diagnosing of cases of canine leishmaniasis needs to be reexamined, since the causative agent identified is not restricted to L. infantum.
Dioctophyme renale (Nematoda: Enoplida) in domestic dogs and cats in the extreme south of Brazil
Authors: Rappeti Josaine Cristina da Silva , Mascarenhas Carolina Siqueira , Perera Soliane Carra , Müller Gertrud , Grecco Fabiane Borelli , Silva Luísa Mariano Cerqueira da , Sapin Carolina da Fonseca , Rausch Stella Falkenberg , Cleff Marlete Brum
Published: November 2016

Abstract Dioctophyme renale is a zoonotic nematode that parasites the kidneys of wild and domestic carnivores, and it has been reported frequently in Brazil. The aim here was to register the number of cases of dogs and cats diagnosed with dioctophymosis by necropsy (1981 to 2014) and ultrasound examination (2010 to 2015) in Pelotas-RS. In this context, a survey was conducted on dioctophymosis cases diagnosed at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (LPV) and Veterinary Clinical Hospital (HCV) of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), and at a specialist veterinary imaging diagnostics clinic. In total, 95 cases were registered. The high series of the disease in dogs can be related to the presence of a large number of stray and semi-domestic dogs in the city, and also due to the ingestion of intermediate hosts of D. renale parasitized with the infective larvae. Thus, it can be concluded that Pelotas is a city with favorable conditions for the occurrence of dioctophymosis with high rate of disease in recent years.
Piper aduncum against Haemonchus contortus isolates: cross resistance and the research of natural bioactive compounds
Authors: Gaínza Yousmel Alemán , Fantatto Rafaela Regina , Chaves Francisco Celio Maia , Bizzo Humberto Ribeiro , Esteves Sérgio Novita , Chagas Ana Carolina de Souza
Published: November 2016

Abstract The anthelminthic activity of the essential oil (EO) of Piper aduncum L. was tested in vitro on eggs and larvae of resistant (Embrapa2010) and susceptible (McMaster) isolates of Haemonchus contortus. The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its components identified by chromatography. EO concentrations of 12.5 to 0.02 mg/mL were used in the egg hatch test (EHT) and concentrations of 3.12 to 0.01 mg/mL in the larval development test (LDT). Inhibition concentrations (IC) were determined by the SAS Probit procedure, and significant differences assessed by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. In the EHT, the IC50 for the susceptible isolate was 5.72 mg/mL. In the LDT, the IC50 and IC90 were, respectively, 0.10 mg/mL and 0.34 mg/mL for the susceptible isolate, and 0.22 mg/mL and 0.51 mg/mL for the resistant isolate. The EO (dillapiole 76.2%) was highly efficacious on phase L1. Due to the higher ICs obtained for the resistant isolate, it was raised the hypothesis that dillapiole may have a mechanism of action that resembles those of other anthelmintic compounds. We further review and discuss studies, especially those conducted in Brazil, that quantified the major constituents of P. aduncum-derived EO.
Colonization by benthic macroinvertebrates in two artificial substrate types of a Riparian Forest
Authors: Santos Lívia Borges dos , Bruno Cyntia Goulart Côrrea , Santos Jean Carlos
Published: November 2016

Abstract: Aim To analyze the efficiency of organic and inorganic substrates in samples of benthic macroinvertebrates of riparian forests from the Cerrado. Specific objectives (i) characterize the ecological succession and taxonomic richness of benthic macroinvertebrates in stream affluent of a riparian forest; (ii) analyze the influence of seasonality on the colonization of macroinvertebrates; and (iii) determine the effect of the types of artificial substrates on the richness, composition and abundance of the benthic community. Methods Sampling was carried out in the rainy and dry seasons, and we installed in the watercourse two types of substrates: organic (leaf packs) and inorganic (bricks), organized in pairs. Six samples per season were done to verify colonization, succession, richness and abundance of benthic community. The substrates were carefully sorted and the organisms were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Results The ecological succession was clearly observed, with the initial occurrence of Chironomidae and Baetidae (considered early colonizers), and a late occurrence of organisms such as Helotrephidae and Trichoptera (considered late colonizers). No significant difference was found in the richness and abundance among the studied seasons (rainy and dry), but the organic substrate was significantly higher than the inorganic substrate for these parameters. Conclusion Organic artificial substrates are more efficient in characterizing the community of benthic macroinvertebrates in the study area, because they are more similar to the conditions of the substrate found naturally in the environment.
Low Gel Temperature Agarose (LGTA) Media v1
Authors: Jason Smith G , April Woods not provided
Published: November 2016

Use for solid phase culture and chemical selection of Pseudo-nitzschia spp and other recalcitrant diatoms
La narración en procesos de alfabetización inicial en un programa de biblioteca
Authors: Clemente María , Rodríguez Inés , Ramírez Elena , Martín-Domínguez Jorge
Published: November 2016

El trabajo describe las actividades que se desarrollan en un programa para promocio- nar la lectura con niños de entre 9 meses y 7 años,ysuposiblecontribuciónparacrearcondiciones que podrían facilitar el proceso de alfabetización posterior. Partiendo de diversos trabajos desarrollados en torno al concepto de alfabetización emergente, se analizan sesiones presencia les de dicho programa,así como resultados de cuestionarios contestados por los padres. Mediante grabaciones en video, se registró el trabajo que el personal especializado realizaba con los participantes en la narración y se recogió información a través de cuestionarios. El estudio, de carácter cualitativo, cifra el análisis sobre variables como el tiempo dedicado a la narración, las acciones que se desarrollan durante los relatos, los soportes empleados en la lectura o los efectos sobre los participantes. Los resultados obtenidos subrayan el papel que los aspectos evolutivos juegan en la configuración de las prácticas de narración, distinguen entre distintos patrones narrativos detectados en la actividad de contar historias, ponen de relieve la importancia de ciertas características del ambiente como la riqueza en los recursos y los formatos narrati- vos empleados. También pudimos valorar los efectos y satisfacción de las familias mediante los cuestionarios aludidos.
La inflación de los adultos mayores en Colombia
Authors: Montenegro Álvaro , Ramírez Lina M.
Published: November 2016

Este artículo compara el comportamiento de la inflación para el hogar promedio y diversos tipos de hogares de adultos mayores en Colombia. Los resultados indican que, en promedio, los adultos mayores gastan una mayor proporción de su ingreso en vivienda y salud y una menor proporción en educación, y que experimentaron una mayor inflación que la población en general entre diciembre de 2008 y mayo de 2015. Los hogares de adultos mayores más pobres gastan una mayor proporción en vivienda y alimentación, y para estos la inflación fue mayor que para los de adultos mayores de altos ingresos.
ESTUDO DO TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTE TÊXTIL ATRAVES DE PROCESSOS DE COAGULAÇÃO/FLOCULAÇÃO E ELETROCOAGULAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Paula Cristina DE , Pereira Nehemias Curvelo , Gonçalves Morgana Suszek , Cansolin Filho Nelson , Rodrigues Paulo Henrique , Jamarim Vanessa Marconi
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de parâmetros físico-químicos, os processos de tratamentos por coagulação/floculação, utilizando três diferentes coagulantes/floculantes: tanino, policloreto de alumínio e sulfato de alumínio, e o processo de eletrocoagulação, para o tratamento de efluentes líquidos de uma lavanderia têxtil. Para o processo de coagulação/floculação, foi realizado inicialmente um estudo para determinar a melhor dosagem dos coagulantes em relação ao efluente, em seguida o melhor pH inicial para cada dosagem estabelecida, nestas condições foram verificadas as percentagens de remoções de DQO, cor aparente e turbidez para cada coagulante. Para o tratamento de eletrocoagulação, foi utilizando um reator em escala laboratorial, do tipo batelada, com eletrodos de alumínio, capacidade de 4 litros e densidade de corrente de 1,51mAm-2. O efluente têxtil apresentou para os quatro processos de tratamento, características físico-químicas dentro dos limites de despejo em corpos hídricos receptores impostos pelo CONAMA nº 430/2011, sendo o tratamento através do processo de coagulação/floculação utilizando o coagulante PAC o que apresentou a melhor eficiência de remoção dos parâmetros analisados. O tanino também demostrou ser uma boa opção para o tratamento do efluente têxtil, com a vantagem de ser um coagulante natural e não possuir metais pesados em sua composição, além de ser biodegradável.

ABSTRACT 

The aim of this study was to evaluate, through physical-chemical and economic parameters, the treatment processes by coagulation/flocculation, using three different coagulants/flocculants: tannin, polyaluminum chloride and aluminum sulfate, and the process of electrocoagulation, for the treatment of liquid effluents from a textile laundry. For the coagulation/flocculation process, a study was initially performed to determine the best coagulant dosage in relation to the effluent, then the best initial pH for each set dosage, in those circumstances it was verified the percentages of COD removal, apparent color and turbidity for each coagulant. For the treatment of electrocoagulation, by using a laboratory-scale reactor, of batch type, with aluminum electrodes , volumetric capacity of 4 liters and current density of 1,51 mA.m-². The textile effluent presented for the four treatment processes, physicochemical characteristics within the disposal limits on receiving water bodies imposed by CONAMA 430/2011, being the treatment by the process of coagulation / flocculation using the PAC coagulant, It showed the best removal efficiency of the parameters analyzed. Tannins also demonstrated to be a good option for the treatment of the textile effluents, with the advantage of being a natural coagulant and have no heavy metals in their composition, in addition to being biodegradable.
Water demand management under alternative institutionnal arrangements (A case study of Coastal Lands of Yengejeh Dam)
Authors: Tupkanloo1 Zahra Noori , Yazdani2* Saeed , Moghadasi1 Reza
Published: November 2016

In the current situation one of the most important issues in environmental economics, management and optimal operation of its resources. Water demand management have been concerned by economic planners as a new approach in environmental economics. This study aims to investigate the management of water demand in different product markets in downstream lands of Yengejeh Dam in Neyshabur. This is an exploratory study in nature which was conducted through a questionnaire survey in 2015-2016. The population of this research is all farmers who use the water of Yengejeh dam to irrigate their lands. Using Cochran formula , 139 barley farmers selected as the sample of this research randomly. A scenario of increasing the elasticity of product demand in resource allocation in the competitive and monopolar water market was developed by assimilation algorithm in the studied region. According to the market situation of water in the region which is almost similar to monopoly water market, the results suggest that if farmers culture crops such as cotton, sunflower, cucumber, tomatoes, peas, red beans and cumin instead of barley that their prices were higher than the price of barley, amount of product produced per hectare of lands near water dam, create and supply costs per cubic meter of water, agricultural investment per meter of water flow to the farm, remaining amount of water per meter water channel, amount of water delivered to each hectare of land, opportunity rent per hectare of land reduced.
Cow based Natural Farming practice for poor and small land holding farmers: a case study from Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Neelam* Hema Sarat Chandra , Kadian1 K.S.
Published: November 2016

Importance for organic and chemical free food consumption is growing rapidly. Consumers ready to pay more money to get a quality food. Farmers need to hold this entrepreneurial opportunity to fasten economic empowerment. One of such efforts done by a farmers’ interest group was studied in this perspective. Formation and conduct of the group along with the group dynamics of the group members was studied and presented in this paper. Case study method was adopted; first hand information was collected with the help of well prepared interview schedule, thorough discussion with the group members and by critical observation of the researcher. Group dynamics index (GDI) was developed to measure the group dynamics of the group members. This paper attempts to expose a better farming practice for the poor and marginal land holders to fetch more income to them.
Biochemical study of root extract of Withania somnifera (L.)plant through HPLC analysis
Authors: Gaurav Naveen , Kumar Arun , Grover Aditi , Som Deepak , Chauhan U. K. , Singh A. P.
Published: November 2016

Secondary metabolite contents of W. somnifera varied remarkably between seasons and genotypes under ex vitro condition. In vitro studies provide an optimum culture condition for steady and quality production of bioactive chemicals throughout the year without involvement of environmental stresses. Mass production of micro-shoots and plantlets by exploring the organogenic totipotency of shoot tip explants (ex vitro and in vitro grown) considering two elite genotypes (Poshita and Jawahar 22) of W. somnifera, and assessment of their capability in production and accumulation of bioactive metabolites (total alkaloid and withanolides amount were quantified; withanolide A and withaferin A contents were estimated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-HPLC).
Inheritance of high oleic acid content in new sourcesof groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: K Gangadhara , Nadaf H. L.
Published: November 2016

In view of growing importance of oil quality, an understanding of the inheritance of high oleic acid is essential to breed for high oleate groundnuts. Hence an investigation was undertaken to infer genes governing the high oleic acid in newly identified sources of groundnut. Number of crosses studied were one with low × medium (TAG 24 × TPG 41), two with low × high (TAG 24 × ICG 2381 and TAG 24 × 104 P51) and with one medium × high oleic acid (TPG 41 × 104 P 56) cross combinations during post rainy season of 2010 at Main Agricultural Research Station of University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India. Individuals in F2 generation segregated in the ratio 3:1 in the crosses of low × medium and medium × high crosses and 15:1 in low × high cross combinations suggesting duplicative recessive genes governing the high oleate trait.
Validation of Integrated Pest Management modules on defoliating insect pests of soybean
Authors: Motaphale* A.A. , Bhosle B.B.
Published: November 2016

The investigation was carried out during kharif 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 in order to know the effect of different IPM module on insect pests of soybean. Significantly lower population of (2.54 larvae/ mrl) H.armigera, per cent pod damage (4.23%) by H.armigera were observed in MAU module. The minimum larval population of semilooper (3.62 larvae/mrl), S.litura (2.64 larvae/mrl) and per cent leaflet damage (6.71%) due to leaf miner, the minimum per cent defoliation (10.49%) due to defoliators were observed in chemical control followed by MAU module.
Effect of potassium and sulphur on nutrient uptake, yield and quality of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan)
Authors: Balpande* S.S. , Sarap P.A. , Ghodpage R.M.
Published: November 2016

A study was conducted with graded levels of potassium and sulphur on pigeon pea to assess the nutrient uptake, yield and quality at Agronomy Farm, College of Agriculture, Nagpur (M.S.) The data revealed that application of K and S levels significantly influenced the uptake of major and micronutrient in pigeon pea. High N and P uptake was observed due to application of 30 kg potassium and 20 kg sulphur per hectare. Potassium uptake was increased significantly with increasing the levels of K. The highest K uptake was noticed in 45 kg K and 20 kg S per hectare combination. The recovery of NPK was higher in 30 kg potassium per hectare. Due to increased level of potassium and sulpur there was no adverse effect on calcium assimilation and highest uptake of calcium was observed in the application 30 kg K and 20 kg S per hectare. The optimum supply of K and S improves the uptake of micronutrients. Significantly high grain yield and protein yield was observed due to application 30 kg K and 20 kg S per hectare. Therefore balanced fertilization of NPKS nutrients is required in pigeon pea.
Identifying Indicators of Healthy Work Environments in Nursing as Determinants of Health in the 21st Century
Authors: Bragadóttir Helga
Published: November 2016

A paradigm shift is occurring in the definition of health and therefore also in the determinants of health. Social determinants of health, considered by many to be the premises of good health and a purposeful life, are now the focus of attention in determinants of health. These determinants of health bring attention to the conditions in which people are born and live and work. This article proposes that indicators of healthy work environments in nursing can be identified as determinants of health. Study findings from around the world confirm that the health and well-being of nurses and their patients is related to nurses ‘work and work environments. Therefore, the working lives of nurses should be identified as an inseparable part of their personal lives, leading to consideration of work environments and thereby the quality of nurse's work lives as determinants of health in the 21st century.
Nurses See “The Big Picture”: Addressing Climate Change as a Social Determinant of Global Health
Authors: Divakaran Bethany , Lembeck Shanda , Kerr Rachel , Calmus Hannah , Potter Teddie
Published: November 2016

Although it is well known that health is influenced by social determinants, climate change is an underrepresented determinant of health within nursing and health care literature, curriculum, and practice. There is urgent need to recognize climate change as a current and future threat to human and environmental health. This article describes the role of nursing in taking action on climate change now and in the future. The profession of nursing, with its ongoing commitment to social justice and its unique position to collaborate with patients and other health care professionals, is particularly well situated to activate change to protect and promote the health of individuals, populations, and future generations.
Walking for Heart Health: A Study of Adult Women in Rural New York
Authors: Marigliano Elisabeth , Fahs Pamela Stewart , Ludden Cristina
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The study was undertaken to partially address the number one priority for Delaware County for 2013-2017: reducing chronic illness including heart disease and obesity (Delaware County Public Health, 2013). Thus, the purpose was to examine the effects of a 10-week walking program on outcomes, such as blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, body mass index (BMI), 10-year cardiovascular risk, and results of a 6-minute walk test, for adult women in a rural community in New York.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study conducted 8 paired t tests of pre- and postdata using Bonferroni correction for multiple t tests. A convenience sample of 70 retained 62 to completion. Pre- and post-BMI, TC, HDL, BP, and a 6-minute walk test data were collected for each participant. Pedometer activity was collected throughout the program with computer downloads at 5 and 10 weeks. Sociodemographic variables including age, self-reported ethnicity, and educational level were used to describe the sample and trends in the data.

Findings

Age range was 29-79 years (M = 55) years. Mean pretest weight was 181 lb; mean BMI was 30.7 kg/m2. There was a statistically significant improvement ( p < .05) in weight, BMI, TC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and 6-minute walk test. All comparisons retained significance except TC after the Bonferroni correction. There was also a statistically significant increase ( p < .05) in aerobic steps from midway to end of study after an incentive raffle challenge was introduced. Conclusions: The data suggest that a community walking program using pedometers with tracking capabilities was successful in increasing steps and improving select cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a group of women in a rural community in New York.
The Perceived Effects of Standard and Addiction-Specific EMDR Therapy Protocols
Authors: Wise April , Marich Jamie
Published: November 2016

Existing literature on co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and addictive disorders suggests improved outcomes when both diagnoses are treated concurrently. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) using the 8-phase protocol and standard 11-step targeting sequence has been investigated within integrated treatment models. However, use of newer EMDR addiction-specific protocols (e.g., desensitization of triggers and urge reprocessing [DeTUR], feeling-state addiction protocol [FSAP], craving extinguished [CravEx]) in treatment has been studied less extensively. A qualitative, phenomenological design was employed to investigate the lived experience of 9 participants with co-occurring PTSD and addictive disorders. These participants experienced both standard protocols/targeting sequences and the addiction-specific protocols as part of their treatment. Creswell’s system for interpreting meaning units in qualitative data, based largely on the work of Moustakas, was used to analyze the data gleaned from semistandardized interviews. All participants reported positive outcomes from the combined EMDR approaches; 4 major themes emerged. Participants recognized their trauma and addictions as related. As a result of this insight, their thoughts and addictive behaviors changed. All recognized remission of symptoms of both disorders; EMDR therapy was reported to be effective whether the traumatic symptoms were treated before or after the addictive symptoms. All indicated that integrated treatments (including other supportive services) were optimum for their ongoing recovery. The relationship with the therapist was integral to the overall success of treatment.
THE INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE DOSAGE ADJUSTMENT ON TAPIOCA WASTEWATER PRE-CHLORINATION TOWARD EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT
Authors: Mulyani Happy , Pamungkas Guruh Sri
Published: November 2016

The objectives of this research are to study about influence of calcium hypochlorite dosage adjustment on tapioca wastewater chlorination toward efficiency of activated sludge treatment especially at MLVSS profile and percentage of COD removal. This research mainly divided into pre-chlorination and activated sludge treatment. Pre-chlorination taken place for 60 minutes at pH 8. The variation of calcium hypochlorite dosages which used are 58, 59, and 60 mg/L. Pre-chlorination effluent with no free chlorine residual then becomes activated sludge treatment influent. Sampling has done each aeration time interval 0, 2, 4, and 6 hour for analysis of COD and MLVSS content. Research result generally shows that addition of aeration time for each variation of calcium hypochlorite dosage will increase MLVSS and decrease COD content. Smallest value of COD effluent could achieved in the activated sludge treatment with calcium hipochlorite dosage 60 mg/L addition at influent during 4 hours aeration time. Addition of 58 mg/l calcium hypochlorite results highest MLVSS and percentage of COD removal.
GALLIC ACID: A PHENOLIC ACID AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM STEM BARK OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS OF SYZYGIUM LITORALE (BLUME) AMSHOFF (MYRTACEAE)
Authors: Tukiran Tukiran , Mahmudah Fitriyatul , Hidayati Nurul , Shimizu Kuniyoshi
Published: November 2016

A phenolic acid had been isolated from chloroform soluble fractions of a methanol extract of stem bark of Syzygium litorale, Fam. Myrtaceae. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated and established as gallic acid through extensive spectroscopic studies (UV-Vis, FTIR, and NMR) and by comparison with literature data and authentic sample. This is the first report of the isolation of compound from this plant, although it has previously been found in Myrtaceae family such as S. aromaticum, S. cumini, S. polyanthum, S. cordatum, etc. The chloroform fraction, isolated compound, and vitamin C showed very strong antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with IC50 value of 23.2, 7.5, and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively.
THE INFLUENCES OF POWER VARIATIONS ON SELECTIVITY OF SYNTHESIS REACTION OF 2’-HYDROXYCHALCONE ANALOGUE UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION
Authors: Zamri Adel , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Ikhtiarudin Ihsan
Published: November 2016

Some 2’-hydroxychalcone analogues have been widely used as an intermediate to synthesize various heterocyclic compounds, such as flavanones, flavanonols, flavones, flavonols and others. The heterocyclic compounds are also known to have a variety of interesting bioactivities in the medicinal chemistry and also have potency to be applied  in material chemistry including in industry. Therefore, 2’-hydroxychalcone analogues are often synthesized by researchers as intermediate, both in research associated with drug discovery and material synthesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of microwave irradiation power variations on the selectivity of reaction of 2’-hydroxychalcone analogue synthesis. The variations of power that have been used in this study were 100, 180, 300 and 450 W with using a domestic microwave. Based on the study, we conclude that the power variation of microwave irradiationwere proven to effect the selectivity of synthesis reaction. In this study, the most suitable irradiation power to be applied on this synthesis is 180 W.
Biosythesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica) Leaves Extract and Microwave Irradiation Method
Authors: Fatimah Is , Mutiara Nur Afisa Lintang
Published: November 2016

In this paper, the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Mimosa pudica extract is discussed. Mimosa pudica leaves extract using water as solvent was used as bio-reductor to an aqueous solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and in order to accelerate the reduction, microwave irradiation method was applied. The AgNPs obtained were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR spectrophotometry, XRD, SEM-EDX, and particle size analysis based on dynamic scattering method. Effect of preparation method to the formation of AgNPs is also evaluated in antibacterial activity towards E.coli and P. aeruginosa. Rapid and ecofriendly biosynthesis of stable silver nanoparticles was observed in this study. The characterization results and antibacterial assay indicated the uniform and smaller particle size of AgNPs obtained by using microwave method and positively enhance the antibacterial activity against tested bacteria.