bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACÉBAC: Les voix et les voies de l’Écriture
Authors: Luna Rodolfo Felices
Published: August 2021

L’Association catholique d’études bibliques au Canada a été fondée en 1943 afin de promouvoir les études bibliques en français parmi le clergé catholique en charge de la formation académique des séminaristes. Au cours de ses 77 années d’existence, cette société savante a navigué à travers deux tournants herméneutiques majeurs : le déplacement d’attention de l’exégèse historico-critique vers les méthodes littéraires centrées sur le texte final, puis le déplacement subséquent vers les approches attentives aux lectrices et lecteurs. À partir de la Révolution tranquille au Québec, la composition de l’assemblée des membres s’est progressivement diversifiée, pour y inclure des laïcs, des femmes, des étranger.e.s à la foi catholique et des savant.e.s du monde séculier, sans affiliation religieuse professée ou connue. Le travail de l’exégèse est appelé à rencontrer le défi de l’interdisciplinarité, compte tenu de l’intérêt grandissant des sciences humaines et sociales pour le texte biblique.
Comradely Critique
Authors: Slothuus Lukas
Published: August 2021

What does it mean to disagree with people with whom you usually agree? How should political actors concerned with emancipation approach internal disagreement? In short, how should we go about critiquing not our enemies or adversaries but those with whom we share emancipatory visions? I outline the notion of comradely critique as a solution to these questions. I go through a series of examples of how and when critique should differ depending on its addressee, drawing on Jodi Dean’s figure of the comrade. I develop a contrast with its neighbours the ally and the partisan, thus identifying key elements of comradely critique: good faith, equal humanity, equal standing, solidarity, collaboration, common purpose and dispelling fatalism. I then analyse Theodor W. Adorno and Herbert Marcuse’s private correspondence on the 1960s German student movement as an illustration of (imperfect) comradely critique. I conclude by identifying a crucial tension about publicness and privateness.
Preparing cationic dyeable polyamide 6 filaments by combining the masterbatch technique with melt copolymerization
Authors: Zhang Shengming , Wu Yuhao , Yang Hanbin , Ji Peng , Wang Chaosheng , Wang Huaping , Yan Zhiyong
Published: August 2021

Cationic dyeable polyamide 6 (CD-PA6) fiber, as a novel functional polyamide 6 (PA6) fiber, conforms to people's requirements for fashion clothing. However, due to the limitation of the hetero-end groups after caprolactam hydrolysis, it is difficult to introduce comonomers into the PA6 molecular chain to prepare PA6-based polymers with a certain molecular weight and maintain the original physical properties and spinnability. In this paper, through molecular design of PA6 segments, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (5-SSIPA) was introduced into PA6 by copolymerization, and a CD-PA6 masterbatch with an addition amount of 10 wt% was prepared. CD-PA6 were prepared by blending with pure PA6 with masterbatch technology. The melt-spinning method was used to prepare CD-PA6 filaments, and they were woven into fabrics. The results show that the CD-PA6 masterbatch and PA6 have good blending compatibility. CD-PA6 filaments and fabrics maintain the excellent physical properties of PA6. When the addition amount of 5-SSIPA is 3%, the dye uptake rate of the cationic pigment exceeds 90%, and it has color affinity and excellent color fastness.
A Pilot Study of Medical Misinformation Perceptions and Training Among Practitioners in North Carolina (USA)
Authors: Wood Jamie L. , Lee Grace Y. , Stinnett Sandra S. , Southwell Brian G.
Published: August 2021

Medical misinformation (MM) is a problem for both medical practitioners and patients in the 21st century. Medical practitioners have anecdotally reported encounters with patient-held misinformation, but to date we lack evidence that quantifies this phenomenon. We surveyed licensed practitioners in the state of North Carolina to better understand how often patients mention MM in the clinical setting, and if medical practitioners are trained to engage with patients in these specific conversations. We administered an anonymous, online survey to physicians and physician assistants licensed to practice in the state of North Carolina. Questions focused on demographics, clinical encounters with MM, and training to discuss MM with patients. We received over 2800 responses and analyzed 2183 after removing ineligible responses. Our results showed that most respondents encountered MM from patients (94.2% (2047/2183)), with no significant differences between clinical specialty, time spent in practice, or community type. When asked about specific training, 18% (380/2081) reported formal experiences and 39% (807/289) reported informal experiences. MM has been salient due to the COVID-19 pandemic; however, it was present before and will remain after the pandemic. Given that MM is widespread but practitioners lack training on engaging patients in these conversations, a sustained effort to specifically train current and future practitioners on how to engage patients about MM would be an important step toward mitigating the spread of MM.
Addressing the Leaking Pipeline: Supporting Disabled Graduate Student Teachers in Psychology
Authors: Lund Emily M.
Published: August 2021

Introduction

People with disabilities are under-represented among psychology faculty and graduate students and are more likely than their non-disabled peers to attrite from psychology graduate programs. They face numerous barriers in graduate training.

Statement of the Problem

Teaching experience is a core experience for psychology graduate students, especially those pursuing faculty positions. Disabled graduate students face many barriers that may make it difficult for them to obtain high-quality graduate student teaching experience. This contributes to the continuing under-representation of disabled faculty in psychology programs.

Literature Review

I review key empirical and conceptual articles on the experiences of disabled psychology trainees and how to best support them.

Teaching Implications

I provide evidence-based suggestions and strategies for supporting graduate students with disabilities as they obtain teaching experience.

Conclusion

By actively supporting graduate students with disabilities in their teaching endeavors, psychology faculty can help stem the leaky pipeline and increase the numbers of psychology faculty with disabilities.
Experimental study on the influence of aerated gas pressure and confining pressure on low-rank coal gas adsorption process
Authors: Yang Ming , Jia Gaini , Gao Jianliang , Liu Jiajia , Zhang Xuebo , Lu Fangchao , Liu Lei , Pathak Asmita
Published: August 2021

To deeply study the variation characteristics of the gas content in the process of gas adsorption for coal samples under different gas pressures and confining pressures, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology was used to carry out experimental research on the gas adsorption of coal. The relationship between the T2 spectrum amplitude integral and the gas quantity was analyzed. The results show the following: (1) When the samples were inflated for 11 h at each gas pressure point (0.31, 0.74, 1.11, and 1.46 MPa), after ∼5 h of adsorption, the amount of adsorbed gas exceeded 85.0% of the total adsorption capacity; additionally, as the adsorption time increased, the amount of adsorbed gas gradually tended to stabilize. When the gas pressure was >1 MPa, the amount of adsorbed gas exceeded 90.0% of the total adsorption capacity; Higher the pressure of aerated gas, greater the gas pressure gradient or concentration gradient on the surface of the coal sample and the greater the driving force for gas molecules to seep or diffuse into the coal sample. (2) When the samples were inflated for 11 h at each confining pressure point (3, 4, 5, and 7 MPa), the adsorbed gas increased by ∼85.0% of the total adsorbed gas in the first 5 h. When the pressure was <5 MPa, the amount of adsorbed gas exceeded 85.0% of the total amount of adsorption; that is, the increase in adsorbed gas was the largest at ∼5 h in the adsorption process for the columnar coal sample under different confining pressures, and the increase was ∼5.0% from 7–11 h. When the large pores in the coal sample closed, the amount of gas that seeped into the deep part of the coal sample within the same aeration time was reduced.
Pore structure characteristics and fractal structure evaluation of medium- and high-rank coal
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Cai Feng , Yang Lingling
Published: August 2021

The presence of gas content in medium- and high-rank coal poses a threat to safety production. Safe gas extraction is based on a correct understanding of the pore structure of coal. This work investigates the pore structure characteristics of medium- and high-rank coal and evaluates their fractal structure. The coal samples were collected from Huainan Coalfield and Qinshui Coalfield, and divided into four types, according to the difference in surface bright characteristics. Through adopting low-temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption and desorption, and applying Kelvin equation, we obtain the main pore structure types and main pore size distribution characteristics of various coal briquettes. Electron microscope scanning structure and scientific analysis were used for special adsorption and desorption curves and hysteresis to find the dynamic reason. According to the different adsorption mechanism and Frenkel–Halsey–Hill-based model, with P/ P0 = 0.4 as the dividing point of fractal dimension analysis, the pore structure of coal samples is classified into five grades. The fractal evaluation results are consistent with the results of curve analysis and pore size analysis.
Intraparotid Facial Nerve Schwannoma Mimicking Primary Parotid Neoplasm
Authors: Bewley Arnaud F. , Azhdam Ariel M. , Borrelli Michela
Published: August 2021

The following report is of a 36-year-old male who presented with a growing mass in the region of the parotid gland. Initial fine needle aspiration biopsy suggested a primary neoplasm of the parotid gland, but subsequent frozen section analysis intraoperatively demonstrated a schwannoma of the facial nerve. An intracapsular enucleation of the schwannoma was performed in order to preserve the fibers of the motor nerve.
Speech Recognition Outcomes in Adults With Slim Straight and Slim Modiolar Cochlear Implant Electrode Arrays
Authors: MacPhail Margaret E. , Connell Nathan T. , Totten Douglas J. , Gray Mitchell T. , Pisoni David , Yates Charles W. , Nelson Rick F.
Published: August 2021

Objective

To compare differences in audiologic outcomes between slim modiolar electrode (SME) CI532 and slim lateral wall electrode (SLW) CI522 cochlear implant recipients.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary academic hospital.

Methods

Comparison of postoperative AzBio sentence scores in quiet (percentage correct) in adult cochlear implant recipients with SME or SLW matched for preoperative AzBio sentence scores in quiet and aided and unaided pure tone average.

Results

Patients with SLW (n = 52) and patients with SME (n = 37) had a similar mean (SD) age (62.0 [18.2] vs 62.6 [14.6] years, respectively), mean preoperative aided pure tone average (55.9 [20.4] vs 58.1 [16.4] dB; P =. 59), and mean AzBio score (percentage correct, 11.1% [13.3%] vs 8.0% [11.5%]; P =. 25). At last follow‐up (SLW vs SME, 9.0 [2.9] vs 9.9 [2.6] months), postoperative mean AzBio scores in quiet were not significantly different (percentage correct, 70.8% [21.3%] vs 65.6% [24.5%]; P =. 29), and data log usage was similar (12.9 [4.0] vs 11.3 [4.1] hours; P =. 07). In patients with preoperative AzBio <10% correct, the 6‐month mean AzBio scores were significantly better with SLW than SME (percentage correct, 70.6% [22.9%] vs 53.9% [30.3%]; P =. 02). The intraoperative tip rollover rate was 8% for SME and 0% for SLW.

Conclusions

Cochlear implantation with SLW and SME provides comparable improvement in audiologic functioning. SME does not exhibit superior speech recognition outcomes when compared with SLW.
Feminization Laryngoplasty: 17‐Year Review on Long‐Term Outcomes, Safety, and Technique
Authors: Nuyen Brian A. , Qian Z. Jason , Campbell Ross D. , Erickson‐DiRenzo Elizabeth , Thomas James , Sung C. Kwang
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Transfeminine patients can experience significant gender dysphoria in vocal communication. Feminization laryngoplasty (FL) is a gender‐affirming surgery developed to elevate speaking vocal range, as well as alter vocal resonance and laryngeal cosmesis. The purpose here was to appraise FL’s long‐term voice outcomes across a 17‐year review period.

Study Design

Level III, retrospective study and description of technique.

Setting

A single‐institution transfeminine voice clinic.

Methods

Voice data (speaking fundamental frequency [F0], lowest F0, highest F0, F0 range in both Hertz and semitones, and maximum phonation time [MPT]) were collected and assessed. Self‐assessment of voice femininity and complications were documented.

Results

The 162 patients, all transfeminine women, had a mean age of 40 years with 36‐month mean follow‐up. There were significant increases in mean speaking F0 (Δ = 50 ± 30 Hz, Δ = 6 ± 3 semitones; P <. 001) and mean change in lowest F0 (Δ = 58 ± 31 Hz, Δ = 8 ± 4 semitones; P <. 001). There was no significant difference in mean change in highest F0 or MPT. There was significant improvement (Δ = 60% ± 39%; P <. 001) in perceptual self‐assessment of vocal femininity. There was a 1.2% rate of major postoperative complications requiring inpatient admission or operative intervention. There were no differences in vocal outcomes between those patients who had less than 1‐year follow‐up and those who had 5‐year follow‐up.

Conclusion

FL in this cohort was a safe and effective technique for increasing mean speaking F0, mean lowest F0, and voice gender perception over a prolonged follow‐up period. These findings add to the possible treatments aimed at addressing the morbid dysphoria related to voice and communication for our transfeminine patients.
Framing the Affordable Healthcare Act: Examining Alternative and Mainstream Media Approaches
Authors: Pain Paromita
Published: August 2021

In recent times few issues have been as contentious as the Affordable Healthcare Act. This study analyzed media frames between the New York Times and The Alternet.Org ( N = 1772), one mainstream newspaper and one alternative news site, for the year 2012, to examine how two media outlets, different in approach and operational size, reported on the Affordable Healthcare Care Act, to demonstrate that the conflict frame dominated news coverage in both the organizations. Conflict framing emphasizes strife between individuals, and groups, and engenders cynicism which reduces attention to substantive issues. While alternative media is often seen to operate in opposition to mainstream media values, in this case, both mainstream and alterative media chose similar frames of coverage and thus audiences had little recourse to information that could have ensured a better understanding of the policy and its impact.
A novel multidisciplinary approach to the management of end-stage macular disease
Authors: Young Su Ling , Ng Nathan , Yap Ngee Jin , Hussain Zain , Cackett Peter D
Published: August 2021

Introduction: In 2017, the Royal College of Ophthalmologists UK published ‘The Way Forward’ describing the effects of the ageing UK population on clinical demand for macular conditions. Although one-stop clinics have become accepted standard practice for combined assessment and injections, there is little guidance regarding eventual discharge of patients, and practice varies between clinicians. In 2018, NHS Lothian started a multidisciplinary one-stop clinic involving an Ophthalmologist, a Medical Photographer, a specialist Low Vision Optometrist, and a Low Vision Counsellor. We aimed to detail our experiences of this novel multidisciplinary discharge clinic for advanced macular disease patients. We also aimed to assess patient-reported anxiety and depression outcomes following this clinic. Retrospective data on 60 patients who attended the clinic from August 2018 to January 2019 were collected and included in analysis. Average age at presentation to the clinic was 85.76 ± 8.18 years old and patients had been followed up in the macula clinic for a mean of 4.80 ± 2.43 years prior to attending the clinic. In all, 31 patients responded to a survey on anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression score (HADS). Three (10%) of the patients reported scores abnormal for anxiety, and there were no abnormal scores for depression. The clinic provides a holistic approach for end-stage macular disease patients and reduces unnecessary macular anti–vascular endothelial growth factor treatments and clinic review appointments. This is especially important now during the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. This provides significant benefits to capacity for delivery of clinical services and facilitates a safe and supported discharge for patients.
The debt trap, a shadow pandemic for commercial sex workers: Vulnerability, impact, and action
Authors: Shekhar Beulah
Published: August 2021

This research paper is a stringent analysis of the condition of commercial sex workers in India and what is happening to them in this pandemic-stricken time. The study details their economic condition and what is forcing them to borrow money from treacherous lenders despite knowing the risks behind it. Apart from being exploited financially, they are also becoming vulnerable for sexual, emotional, and physical exploitation, worsening their situation even further. The research findings show that 90% of commercial sex workers in red light areas will be forced into a debt trap that is non-repayable in their lifetime, making it a massive movement of commercial sex workers entering into bonded labour, another form of modern-day slavery. Apart from the financial peril, poverty is forcing them to be in a situation of major health hazard. Being deprived of customers for so long, they might be forced to work in this uncertain situation making it an optimum ground for a super-spread of the virus. A rapid assessment method has been used to collect the data from numerous commercial sex workers across the nation. The collected data are analysed using qualitative analysis and also visualized for better understanding. As a means to provide tangible alternative solutions to the problem, the study strongly recommends occupational training programs for commercial sex workers that provide a transition into alternative livelihoods, government action against predatory high-interest loans, and the redevelopment of red light areas where economic returns can be reinvested into commercial sex worker retraining programs.
Relative Efficacy of Intra-articular Injections in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Harsh , Knapik Derrick M. , Polce Evan M. , Eikani Carlo K. , Bjornstad Amanda H. , Gursoy Safa , Perry Allison K. , Westrick Jennifer C. , Yanke Adam B. , Verma Nikhil N. , Cole Brian J. , Chahla Jorge A.
Published: August 2021

Background:

In younger patients and those without severe degenerative changes, the efficacy of intra-articular (IA) injections as a nonoperative modality for treating symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA)–related pain while maintaining function has become a subject of increasing interest.

Purpose:

To assess and compare the efficacy of different IA injections used for the treatment of knee OA, including hyaluronic acid (HA), corticosteroids (CS), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), with a minimum 6-month patient follow-up.

Study Design:

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Google Scholar. Mean or mean change from baseline and standard deviation for outcome scores regarding pain and function were recorded at the 6-month follow-up and converted to either a 0 to 100 visual analog scale score for pain or a 0 to 100 Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score for function. A frequentist network meta-analysis model was developed to compare the effects of HA, CS, PRP, PRGF, and placebo on patient-reported outcomes.

Results:

All IA treatments except CS were found to result in a statistically significant improvement in outcomes when compared with placebo. PRP demonstrated a clinically meaningful difference in function-related improvement when compared with CS and placebo due to large effect sizes. Studies evaluating outcomes of PRGF reported significant improvement when compared with placebo due to large effect sizes, whereas a potential clinically significant difference was detected in the same comparison parameters in pain evaluation. With regard to improvements in pain, function, and both combined, PRP was found to possess the highest probability of efficacy, followed by PRGF, HA, CS, and placebo.

Conclusion:

PRP yielded improved outcomes when compared with PRGF, HA, CS, and placebo for the treatment of symptomatic knee OA at a minimum 6-month follow-up. Further investigations evaluating different IA and other nonoperative treatment options for patients with knee OA are warranted to better understand the true clinical efficacy and long-term outcomes of nonsurgical OA management.
Toxicity risks of occupational exposure in 3D printing and bioprinting industries: A systematic review
Authors: Mohammadian Yousef , Nasirzadeh Nafiseh
Published: August 2021

3-Dimensional (3D) printing and bioprinting are the new technologies. In 3D printing, synthetic polymers such as acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene, polylactic acid, nylon, and some metals are used as feedstocks. During 3D printing, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nanoparticles can be released. In the bioprinting process, natural polymers are most commonly used. All of these materials have direct and indirect toxic effects in exposed people. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of toxicity risks due to occupational exposure to pollutants in the 3D printing and bioprinting industries. The Cochrane review method was used as a guideline for systematic review. Articles were searched in the databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. This systematic review showed that VOCs and ultra-fine particles are often released in fused deposition modeling and selective laser sintering, respectively. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic rhinitis, and DNA damage were observed in occupational exposure to synthetic polymers. Metal nanoparticles can induce adverse health effects on the respiratory and nervous systems. This study emphasized the need to further study the toxicity of 3D printing and bioprinting-induced air pollutants. Also, consideration of safety and health principles is necessary in 3D printing and bioprinting workplaces.
Parental Harsh Discipline and Migrant Children’s Anxiety in China: The Moderating Role of Parental Warmth and Gender
Authors: Liu Li , Zhai Peixin , Wang Meifang
Published: August 2021

The present study examined the moderating effects of both parents’ warmth in the relations between parental harsh discipline (psychological aggression and corporal punishment) and migrant children’s anxiety and parent and child gender differences in the moderating mechanism in Chinese society. This study used a sample of 477 elementary school-age children and both their parents in Chinese migrant families. We constructed a Structural Equation Model to explore the relation between parental harsh discipline (psychological aggression and corporal punishment) and migrant children’s anxiety and the moderating role of parental warmth. Our findings revealed that maternal but not paternal psychological aggression was found to significantly predict boys’ anxiety. Moreover, maternal warmth exacerbated the relations between paternal corporal punishment and girls’ anxiety. The findings provide partial support for the “healthy context paradox” and highlight the importance of considering how the broader family emotional context may interact with parental harsh discipline to influence child adjustment.
Police Response to Latina Immigrant Intimate Partner Violence Victims: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Garza Alondra D. , Franklin Cortney A. , Goodson Amanda
Published: August 2021

While an increasing body of literature has assessed police response to intimate partner violence (IPV), a dearth of this research has examined police decision-making with formal reports of IPV among Latina immigrants. Using a LatCrit theoretical framework, the current study addressed this substantive gap through the systematic methods of the grounded theory approach to assess a sample of 36 police case files drawn from an agency located in one of the fifth most populous and diverse US cities. Results from the current study identified five themes related to shortcomings in police response to Latina immigrant IPV victims. The themes included cultural coercive control, language barriers, victim participation, case clearance efforts, and service provision. Policy implications and avenues for future research are discussed.
Men Find Trophies Where Women Find Insults: Sharing Nude Images of Others as Collective Rituals of Sexual Pursuit and Rejection
Authors: Johnstonbaugh Morgan
Published: August 2021

As sexting has become more common, so has the sharing of nude and semi-nude images of others. While women and men may both engage in this practice, when they do so they often participate in distinct gendered rituals. Drawing on 55 in-depth interviews with college students, I examine how the symbolic meanings attached to men and women’s nude images in the context of intimate heterosexual interactions shape collective rituals of sexual pursuit and sexual rejection. I find that men share images of women with their peers to demonstrate sexual prowess and receive praise, whereas women share images of men with their peers to cope with unwelcome sexual advances and receive support. These gendered rituals are linked to the perceived desirability of men’s and women’s nude images. While rituals of domination appear among men and reproduce unequal gender relations, rituals of commiseration appear among women to resist unequal gender relations.
Investigation of the influence of distribution of defections along the axial direction on eternal ultimate strength of titanium alloy pressure hulls of long barrel shape
Authors: Yu Xiangyu , Zhang Hao , Ji Hongtao , Xu Dongkai
Published: August 2021

During the fabrication of pressure hulls, plastic processing is indispensable, which is an environmental, highly effective, and economical processing method. However dimensional error is also induced during plastic processing. This kind of error is one type of defection, which makes the hulls in danger, especially when the hulls suffer eternal pressure. Von Mises theory is an effective approach to study failure of pressure hulls. In this paper, numerical simulations are performed to investigate influence of distribution of defections along the axial direction on the ultimate strengths of titanium alloy pressure hulls of long barrel shape with two vessel heads using ABAQUS. The results of numerical simulations show that the ultimate strengths of pressure hulls with defections are relative to the location and distribution of defections, and they are decreasing with reduction of the average ratio and standard deviation when the hull suffers eternal pressure. The method of evaluating degradation of ultimate strength based on simulations can be employed to check the safety of pressure hulls.
The influence of multi-point roller-dies on the shape deviation differences of profile in flexible stretch-bending forming
Authors: Liang Jicai , Han Chengxiang , Li Yi , Liang Ce , Jin Wenming
Published: August 2021

In the process of flexible 3D stretch bending, the shape deviation difference between the contact zone and non-contact zone is studied. It is obvious that in the contact zone, the die regulates the deformation of the profile to make it conform to the target shape with small shape deviation; in the non-contact zone, the profile has no die restriction and deviates from the target shape with large shape deviation. When the dies are placed equidistantly along the x-axis, the shape deviation of the non-contact zone near the clamp side is greater than that near the middle of the profile. Arrange the distance between adjacent dies in equal ratio along the x-axis, so that the spacing near the clamp side is a little smaller, and the spacing near the middle of the profile is a bit larger. The difference between the shape deviation of the non-contact zone profile near the clamp side and the middle of the profile decreases, and the maximum shape deviation is reduced, which greatly improves the processing accuracy and quality. However, with the increase of the distance difference between adjacent dies, the shape deviation difference of the non-contact zone near the middle of the profile also increases greatly. Although the clamp side decreases, the maximum shape deviation has become the shape deviation of the profile in the non-contact zone near the middle of the profile.
Energy management strategy of intelligent plug-in split hybrid electric vehicle based on deep reinforcement learning with optimized path planning algorithm
Authors: Xiong Shengguang , Zhang Yishi , Wu Chaozhong , Chen Zhijun , Peng Jiankun , Zhang Mingyang
Published: August 2021

Energy management is a fundamental task and challenge of plug-in split hybrid electric vehicle (PSHEV) research field because of the complicated powertrain and variable driving conditions. Motivated by the foresight of intelligent vehicle and the breakthroughs of deep reinforcement learning framework, an energy management strategy of intelligent plug-in split hybrid electric vehicle (IPSHEV) based on optimized Dijkstra’s path planning algorithm (ODA) and reinforcement learning Deep-Q-Network (DQN) is proposed to cope with the challenge. Firstly, a gray model is used to predict the traffic congestion of each road and the length of each road calculated in the traditional Dijkstra’s algorithm (DA) is modified for path planning. Secondly, on the basis of the predicted velocity of each road, the planned velocity is constrained by the vehicle dynamics to ensure the driving security. Finally, the planning information is inputted to DQN to control the working mode of IPSHEV, so as to achieve energy saving of the vehicle. The simulation results show the optimized path planning algorithm and proposed energy management strategy is feasible and effective.
The future of coal as a transportation fuel
Authors: Mittal Vikram , Shah Rajesh , Huq Nabill
Published: August 2021

Due to environmental concerns and cost issues, coal is currently being phased out from usage in electricity production. Regardless, there remains a massive stockpile of coal reserves along with a large industrial complex and a robust distribution/processing infrastructure. As such, coal should be considered for usage in other energy areas. Since coal is simply a solid hydrocarbon, it can be converted over for usage as a transportation fuel. The Fischer-Tropsch process that underlies this conversion is well established with some countries like South Africa currently using it at large scales. Unfortunately, this conversion process has a large carbon footprint, even when using carbon capture technology. However, the blending of coal-based fuels with biodiesel has been found to be more carbon neutral than standard diesel or biodiesel alone. Additionally, coal can be used as an alternate to methane for hydrogen production. Given carbon capture technologies and the existing coal infrastructure, these two uses of coal provide opportunities for a sustainable and economical use of coal as a transportation fuel.
Anterior “W” Tongue Reduction for Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Authors: Ainuz Bar Y. , Geisler Emily L. , Hallac Rami R. , Perez Jeyna K. , Seaward James R. , Kane Alex A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Macroglossia occurs in 80% to 99% of patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) and a variety of surgical techniques for tongue reduction are offered by surgeons. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of the anterior “W” tongue reduction technique in patients with BWS.

Methods

A retrospective review was conducted of all patients diagnosed with BWS that underwent an anterior “W” tongue reduction for macroglossia in the past 7 years, performed by 2 surgeons. Demographics, procedural characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and complications were assessed.

Results

A total of 19 patients met inclusion criteria consisting of 8 male and 11 female patients. The mean age at the time of surgery was 405 days, mean surgeon operating time was 1.06 h, and mean length of follow-up was 467 days. Postoperative oral competence was observed in 100% of patients. There was no reported history of sleep apnea or airway compromise. Speech delay was seen in 4 patients pre- and postoperatively. Feeding issues decreased from 7 patients preoperatively to 1 patient postoperatively. Preoperative prevalence of class III malocclusion (53%) and isolated anterior open bite (26%) decreased postoperatively to 37% and 16%, respectively. The only reported complications were superficial tip wound dehiscence in 3 patients treated with nystatin antifungal therapy. None of the patients required revisional surgery.

Conclusion

Patients treated with the anterior “W” tongue reduction technique had low rates of perioperative complications and significant improvements in oral competence. Anterior “W” tongue reduction is safe and effective for the correction of macroglossia in patients with BWS.
Nasal Reconstruction of a Frontonasal Dysplasia via Septal L-Strut Reconstruction Using Costal Cartilage
Authors: Kim Yong Bae , Nam Seung Min , Park Eun Soo , Choi Chang Yong , Cha Han Gyu , Kim Jun Hyun
Published: August 2021

Objective

Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a rare congenital condition. Its major features include hypertelorism, a large and bifid nasal tip, and a broad nasal root. We present our technique of septal L-strut reconstruction using costal cartilage.

Design

Retrospective review from June 2008 and August 2017.

Methods

Under general anesthesia, 6 patients with FND underwent septal reconstruction using costal cartilage via open rhinoplasty. We reconstructed the nasal and septal cartilaginous framework by placing columellar struts and cantilever-type grafts.

Results

The patients ranged in age from 6 to 13 years old. All were female. The follow-up period ranged from 8 months to 2 years; we encountered no postoperative complications (infection, nasal obstruction, or recurrence). All patients were satisfied with their nasal appearance.

Conclusions

Although the results were not entirely satisfactory from an esthetic point of view, we found that FND can be treated via septal reconstruction with costal cartilage and that the clinical outcomes are reliable and satisfactory. Our approach is a useful option for FND patients.
A Relational Identity-Based Solution to Group Polarization: Can Priming Parental Identity Reduce the Partisan Gap in Attitudes Toward the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zeng Chen
Published: August 2021

This study explores the influence of both group identity (e.g., partisan identity) and relational identity (e.g., parental identity) on beliefs and attitudes toward the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Results from a between-subject randomized survey experiment suggest that partisans are motivated to process factual information about COVID-19 through a partisan lens. However, priming parental identity can reduce partisan polarization over risk perceptions, policy support, and precautious behaviors. These findings demonstrate the need to incorporate relational identity into identity-based science communication research and offer a relational identity-based strategic communication solution to partisan gaps in responses to COVID-19.
Communicating Scientific Uncertainty Across the Dissemination Trajectory: A Precision Medicine Case Study
Authors: Ratcliff Chelsea L.
Published: August 2021

This study provides an in-depth analysis of how scientific uncertainty was conveyed along the dissemination pathway for a novel discovery linking genomic markers to depression risk. In this article, knowledge limitations described in the original scientific paper were mostly omitted from press releases, and a majority of news coverage mirrored press release content. However, the affiliated scientists depicted uncertainty to different degrees, appearing to influence the tenor of each institution’s press release and the news reports for which they were interviewed or quoted. News reports sometimes conveyed more caveats than the original scientific report. This case study presents detailed examples of uncertainty representations in the emerging domain of precision medicine, organized by a typology to guide future research.
Science Communication Through STEAM: Professional Development and Flipped Classrooms in the Digital Age
Authors: Roche Joseph , Bell Laura , Martin Ian , Mc Loone Fiona , Mathieson Amanda , Sommer Frida
Published: August 2021

STEAM is the term given to a growing field of research and practice that integrates arts into traditional science, technology, engineering, and mathematics subjects. It is also the name of a science communication summer school that has evolved from a conventional in-person professional development opportunity to a blended informal science learning space with a flipped classroom approach. This article charts that development and includes perspectives from several science communicators who participated in in-person and online versions of the STEAM schools. The future of professional development in science communication is considered in light of the changes caused by the COVID-19 global pandemic.
Secret Shame—Male Infertility and Donor Conception in the Wake of Retrospective Legislative Change
Authors: Cosson Barbara , Dempsey Deborah , Kelly Fiona
Published: August 2021

Historically, sperm donation was shrouded in secrecy to protect the normative family and the perceived vulnerability of infertile men. However, openness about donor conception is increasingly encouraged, in acknowledging that donor-conceived people may benefit from having access to information about their biogenetic origins. Since 2017 in the state of Victoria, Australia, donor-conceived people have been able to access previously anonymous donor records. Drawing on interviews with 17 donor-conceived adults who have come to know their donor through the new laws, this article explores the impact of finding out about the donor on relationships with mothers and fathers, and points to the persistent effects of stigma and shame about donor conception within families. Most of the donor-conceived participants were told about their donor conception in early adulthood. The age range for time of disclosure was mid-teens to early 40s. Most reported that their fathers did not want them to know. In some cases, mothers had disclosed, but sworn them to secrecy. Sensitivity to fathers’ feelings fostered a desire among participants to maintain secrecy about his infertility, especially in relation to wider family and friendship networks. Our findings revealed that secrecy about men’s infertility is heavily reliant on women’s emotional labor to protect ageing infertile fathers’ sense of manhood. Coupled with fathers’ overt resistance to openness, intergenerational secret keeping is perpetuated in families. Laws supporting openness potentially exacerbate the historical stigma associated with male factor infertility in a culture that continues to conflate virility, fertility, and masculinity.
Assessing the Utility of Body-Worn Cameras for Collegiate Police Agencies
Authors: Gaub Janne E.
Published: August 2021

Nearly all scholarship on body-worn cameras (BWCs) has focused on municipal police departments, as they comprise a majority of sworn agencies. Given the unique environment of collegiate law enforcement agencies, however, it is possible that their paths to BWCs—and the benefits and challenges they experience—vary from that of more traditional agencies. Using a survey of 126 collegiate police departments and in-depth interviews with 15 collegiate police executives, this study describes their goals, challenges, and benefits related to BWCs. Importantly, it also describes the decision-making of agencies that chose not to implement BWCs, giving voice to an understudied population and providing guidance to special agencies in making the decision to adopt BWCs. The most notable benefits and challenges interrelate with their placement as part of institutions of higher education, such as the impact of collegiate privacy concerns (e.g., FERPA) and the utility of BWC footage in both law enforcement and educational processes.
Whole Genome Sequencing of Sunflower Root-Associated Bacillus cereus
Authors: Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , Adeleke Bartholomew Saanu , Ayangbenro Ayansina Segun
Published: August 2021

In recent times, diverse agriculturally important endophytic bacteria colonizing plant endosphere have been identified. Harnessing the potential of Bacillus species from sunflower could reveal their biotechnological and agricultural importance. Here, we present genomic insights into B. cereus T4S isolated from sunflower sourced from Lichtenburg, South Africa. Genome analysis revealed a sequence read count of 7 255 762, a genome size of 5 945 881 bp, and G + C content of 34.8%. The genome contains various protein-coding genes involved in various metabolic pathways. The detection of genes involved in the metabolism of organic substrates and chemotaxis could enhance plant-microbe interactions in the synthesis of biological products with biotechnological and agricultural importance.
Experimental investigation to study the effect of synthesized and characterized monotype and hybrid nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication assisted turning of bearing steel
Authors: Junankar Anup A , Yashpal Yashpal , Purohit Jayant K
Published: August 2021

A minimum quantity lubrication system using biodegradable cutting fluids has facilitated the excellent machining performance and is observed as more sustainable. In the view of enhancement of machining performance, the utilization of nanofluids with a minimum quantity lubrication system as a cutting fluid delivered noteworthy outcomes. For the present experimental investigation, the monotype nanofluids (copper oxide and zinc oxide) and a hybrid nanofluid (copper oxide/zinc oxide) were synthesized by using a two-step method. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were performed to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. A vegetable oil was utilized as a base fluid and three types of nanofluids were prepared by the addition of a surfactant (butenol). Also, ultrasonication has been performed to avoid the agglomeration of nanoparticles into the base fluid. The thermal conductivity evaluation of prepared nanofluids was carried out by using a hot wire method. The effects of three nanofluids were investigated by considering three machining input variables (cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut) on response variables (surface roughness and cutting zone temperature) during bearing steel turning under nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication cooling conditions. The multi-objective optimization was performed by using grey relational analysis and found that the hybrid nanofluid (copper oxide/zinc oxide) was noted as the highly effective cooling condition as equated to copper oxide and zinc oxide monotype nanofluid. The hybrid nanofluid (copper oxide/zinc oxide) shows a 65% and 60% reduction in surface roughness on comparing with copper oxide and zinc oxide nanofluids, respectively. Also, the minimization of cutting zone temperature was observed under the hybrid nanofluid (copper oxide/zinc oxide) by 11% and 13% on equating with copper oxide and zinc oxide nanofluids, respectively.
Rebalancing our regulatory response to Deepfakes with performers’ rights
Authors: Pavis Mathilde
Published: August 2021

Law experts have been actively looking for solutions within the law to control Deepfakes since their emergence in 2017. This article puts forward performers’ rights as a suitable regulatory tool for Deepfakes, defined as synthetic performances produced using artificial intelligence systems. In many respects, performers’ rights represent a more sophisticated response to the challenges posed by Deepfake technology compared to existing legal remedies and reform proposals introduced to regulate Deepfakes. In making its case for performers’ rights as suitable regulatory response to Deepfakes, this article uncovers a tension: performers’ rights are an attractive solution to regulate Deepfakes but this technology challenges their scope of application. This is because Deepfakes uses content protected by performers’ rights (performances) in a way unforeseen by intellectual property policy-makers at the time these rights were introduced into law. Despite this limitation, performers’ rights remain one of the most attractive legal remedies in regulating Deepfakes, if adequately reformed. This article proposes two routes for the reform of performers’ rights to address this gap. The first involves an ad hoc modification of performers’ rights to ensure that performances manipulated by Deepfakes are covered. The second and preferred recommendation replaces the regime of performers’ rights with a regime of performers’ copyright. This small, yet important, change in legal regimes can be the difference between piecemeal, uneven and, therefore, ineffective protection against unauthorized Deepfakes and a harmonized international approach to the technology.
The Development of an Interdisciplinary and Integrated Model of Occupational Safety
Authors: Lagoe Carolyn , Newcomer Derek , Fico Ashley
Published: August 2021

Background:

Occupational safety and health professionals facilitate safer workplaces through the development and implementation of interventions. Empirically validated theories can enhance the likelihood that an intervention will be successful in achieving the desired outcome; however, occupational safety interventions are often devoid of theory or utilize frameworks that fail to take a comprehensive approach to conceptualizing occupational safety processes.

Focus of the Article:

The current paper seeks to address these gaps by proposing an interdisciplinary and integrated model of occupational safety (IIMOS).

Importance to the Social Marketing Field:

IIMOS takes an interdisciplinary approach, examining the combined influence of concepts from psychology, social marketing, and occupational safety on behavioral change. This model accounts for the influence that threat appraisal, coping appraisal, and customer service factors can have on safety behaviors’ initiation/adoption and maintenance.

Recommendations for Research and Practice:

IIMOS may inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of occupational safety and health programs. Although future empirical work must still test the model’s propositions, the model’s in-depth application of social marketing techniques is a novel addition to the field. This model can encourage practitioners to develop innovative products, build relationships with consumers, and design upstream efforts to support program adoption.