bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Economic Policies, Strategies & Initiatives of India
Authors: Monica  , Singh Ajit
Published: December 2023

Sustainable economic development is crucial to secure human welfare and eliminate social inequality. Global leaders have recently made progress towards reaching an agreement on how to convert the current unsustainable economic trends into sustainable green economic growth. The viability of the green economy depends on several variables, including governmental policy, the business climate, and environmental concerns. The presented paper examines the implementation of green economic policies and analyses government strategies and initiatives taken by the government at the national level. The study uses a descriptive-analytical approach. The study finds India is putting many regulations and initiatives into place to encourage the effective use of energy in a variety of economic areas, including green building, equipment, farming, mobility, and fuels. These green growth initiatives lower the economy's carbon intensity and provide a sizable number of green jobs.
Development of WHO Recommendations for the Final Phase of Elimination and Prevention of Re-Establishment of Malaria
Authors: Marsh Kevin , Akl Elie , Achan Jane , Alzahrani Mohammed , Baird J. Kevin , Bousema Teun , Gamboa Dionicia , Lacerda Marcus , Mendis Kamini , Penny Melissa , Schapira Allan , Sovannaroth Siv , Wongsrichanalai Chansuda , Tiffany Amanda , Li Xiaohong , Shutes Erin , Schellenberg David , Alonso Pedro , _ _ , Lindblade Kim A.
Published: December 2023

The WHO recommends that all affected countries work toward the elimination of malaria, even those still experiencing a high burden of disease. However, malaria programs in the final phase of elimination or those working to prevent re-establishment of transmission after elimination could benefit from specific evidence-based recommendations for these settings as part of comprehensive and quality-controlled malaria guidelines. The WHO convened an external guideline development group to formulate recommendations for interventions to reduce or prevent malaria transmission in areas with very low– to low-transmission levels and those that have eliminated malaria. In addition, several interventions that could be deployed in higher burden areas to accelerate elimination, such as mass drug administration, were reviewed. Systematic reviews were conducted that synthesized and evaluated evidence for the benefits and harms of public health interventions and summarized critical contextual factors from a health systems perspective. A total of 12 recommendations were developed, with five related to mass interventions that could be deployed at higher transmission levels and seven that would be most appropriate for programs in areas close to elimination or those working to prevent re-establishment of transmission. Four chemoprevention, two active case detection, and one vector control interventions were positively recommended, whereas two chemoprevention and three active case detection interventions were not recommended by the WHO. None of the recommendations were classified as strong given the limited and low-quality evidence base. Approaches to conducting higher quality research in very low– to low-transmission settings to improve the strength of WHO recommendations are discussed.
Deep 4D Automotive Radar-Camera Fusion Odometry with Cross-Modal
Transformer Fusion
Authors: Lu Shouyi , Zhuo Guirong , Xiong Lu , Zhou Mingyu , Lu Xinfei
Published: December 2023

Many learning-based methods estimate ego-motion using visual sensors. However,
visual sensors are prone to intense lighting variations and textureless
scenarios. 4D radar, an emerging automotive sensor, complements visual sensors
effectively due to its robustness in adverse weather and lighting conditions.
This paper presents an end-to-end 4D radar-visual odometry (4DRVO) approach that
combines sparse point cloud data from 4D radar with image information from
cameras. Using the Feature Pyramid, Pose Warping, and Cost Volume (PWC) network
architecture, we extract 4D radar point features and image features at multiple
scales. We then employ a hierarchical iterative refinement approach to supervise
the estimated pose. We propose a novel Cross-Modal Transformer (CMT) module to
effectively fuse the 4D radar point modality, image modality, and 4D radar
point-image connection modality at multiple scales, achieving cross-modal
feature interaction and multi-modal feature fusion. Additionally, we designed a
point confidence estimation module to mitigate the impact of dynamic objects on
odometry estimation. Extensive experiments were conducted on the View-of-Delft
(VoD) dataset, showcasing the remarkable performance and effectiveness of the
proposed 4D radar-visual odometry method.
Day-to-Night Image Translation with Local Controllable Vehicle Light
Effect for Data Synthesis in Autonomous Driving
Authors: Shi Wenxiu , Meng Chao , Wang Tong , Gu Kai , Zhang Song , Mei Jinren
Published: December 2023

In the field of autonomous driving, in order to guarantee - robust perception
performance at night and to reduce cost of data collection and annotation, there
are many day-to-night image translation methods based on Generative Adversarial
Networks (GAN) to generate realistic synthetic data. The vehicle light effect is
of great significance to the perception task (such as vehicle detection) in the
night scene. However, no research has ever focused on the problem of the vehicle
light effect in day-to-night image translation. Therefore, we propose an
end-to-end day-to-night image translation system based on the local controllable
vehicle light effect, which mainly consists of two modules. Module A adopts
YOLOv7 for 2.5D vehicle detection and traditional image processing algorithms to
obtain the semantic mask of vehicle head/tail lights. Module B adopts a GAN for
day-to-night image transformation with the local controllable vehicle light
effect. In module B, we propose a Two-Stream UHRNET (TSUH) generator that uses a
day image from the source domain, a night image from the target domain and the
corresponding vehicle lights semantic mask from module A to generate a
photorealistic night image with the same content as the day image and similar
style as the night image, and the light effect in the specified vehicle light
region in the image. When training our GAN model, considering the large
difference in the distribution of vehicle sizes in the image dataset, in order
to generate natural and realistic vehicle and light effects in the generated
night image, we proposed a vehicle patch loss based on vehicle detection
bounding boxes in order to generate natural and realistic vehicle and light
effects in the generated night image. The experimental results show that our
system can achieve global day-to-night image transformation while performing
local vehicle light effect control.
A Fast Search Method for Edge Hazardous Scenarios Based on
Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection
Authors: Li Mengyu , Li Fang , Guo Zihan , Wang Lifang
Published: December 2023

Finding edge hazardous scenarios which appear very infrequently in the dataset
than common hazardous scenarios is essential for implementing scenario-based
testing of autonomous driving systems(ADs). However, it is difficult to evaluate
the rarity of dynamic scenarios with huge scenario space high-dimensional time
series, making it difficult to search for edge hazardous scenarios quickly. To
solve this problem, this paper proposes a Semi-supervised anomaly detection
method combining MiniRocket and DAGMM(Semi-MiniRocket-GMM, SRG), which treats
edge hazardous scenarios as anomalous samples of common hazardous scenarios. SRG
uses a small number of samples of common hazardous scenarios to guide
interpretable feature extraction and clustering of a large amount of
high-dimensional unlabeled temporal data and finds rarer edge hazardous
scenarios based on anomaly evaluation to improve the coverage of test scenarios.
The method is validated in the open-source natural driving dataset HighD.
Compared with DAGMM, the SRG method can find edge hazardous lane change
scenarios more quickly and accurately with a few samples of hazardous scenarios.
The SRG method aimed at discovering edge hazardous scenarios can both guide the
direction of generating scenarios and speed up the testing process.
Multi-Objective Switching Control of Active Suspension Based on
Forward-Looking Preview
Authors: Wan Ma , Wan Kechang , Hu Yiming
Published: December 2023

The active suspension system has strong application potential in electric
vehicles (EV) due to its superior controllability. However, the feedback delay
of vehicle status information will degrade the control performance of active
suspension. This paper investigates the multi-objective control of preview
active suspension based on forward-looking information perception. An integrated
model including the forward-looking system, vehicle dynamics system and control
switching system is established. First, a multi-degree-of-freedom vehicle
dynamics model including the input-output system is created, then, an LQR active
suspension controller is designed, secondly, a pareto solution set with multiple
different target solutions is obtained by calculation, finally, a
forward-looking preview mode-switching controller that can select different
control strategies according to the road conditions ahead is designed. The
results show that the controller can intelligently switch the control strategy
of the controller according to the different working condition information
detected by the forward-looking system, the controller can provide anti-roll
control in cornering conditions, anti-pitch control in acceleration and braking
conditions, and comfort control in straight-line driving.
Fault Compensation Control for Regenerative Braking of Distributed
Drive Electric Vehicle Based on Hierarchical Control
Authors: Fang Ting , Zhao Linfeng , Hu Jinfang , Mei Zhen , Wang Muyun , Sun Bin
Published: December 2023

For distributed drive electric vehicles (DDEV) equipped with an electronic
hydraulic braking system (EHB) and four-wheel hub motors, when one or more hub
motors have regenerative braking failure, because the braking torque of the four
wheels is inconsistent, additional yaw moment will be formed on the vehicle,
resulting in the loss of directional stability of the vehicle during braking. If
it occurs at high speeds, it will further threaten driving safety. To solve the
above problems, a new hierarchical control architecture is established in this
paper. Firstly, taking DDEV as the research object, the vehicle dynamics model
and EHB braking system model are built. Then, a state observer based on an
adaptive Kalman filter is designed in the upper layer to estimate the vehicle’s
sideslip angle and yaw rate in real time. In the judgment decision-making layer,
the phase plane is used to divide the stability domain boundary of the vehicle,
and the quasi-stability tolerance band judges the vehicle’s driving state.
Secondly, the lower stability controller is constructed based on the sliding
mode control theory. EHB can flexibly distribute hydraulic braking force to
compensate for the vehicle’s braking force, offset the additional yaw moment,
and maintain the straight line of the vehicle. Finally, experimental
verification is carried out in Matlab/ CarSim and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)
platforms. The results show that the proposed method can effectively predict the
state and closed-loop stability control of DDEV, and reduce the deviation
distance caused by regenerative braking failure, effectively ensuring the
vehicle in the event of regenerative braking failure driving safety.
Output-Feedback H
∞
Path Tracking Control for Autonomous
Vehicle Considering Model Uncertainty and Parameter Perturbation
Authors: Liu Qin , Zen Dequan , Ren Yue
Published: December 2023

The coupling effect of vehicle motion and nonlinear characteristics cause the
complexity of the vehicle dynamic model, which brings challenge on balancing
control accuracy and computational efficiency for controller designing. To deal
with the model uncertainty caused by the perturbation of the tire cornering
stiffness and vehicle speed, an output-feedback robust path tracking control
architecture for autonomous vehicle is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the
2-DOF vehicle dynamic model is established via linear parameter varying(LPV)
state-space equation. Then considering the measurement of all state need
expensive sensors, the output-feedback based robust control algorithm is
designed considering the H∞ disturbance attenuation performance. The
asymptotic stability of the closed-loop path tracking system is proved by
Lyapunov function. Finally, the Simulink/Carsim co-simulation platform is
adopted to reveal the control performance of the robust control algorithm. The
simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller provides stable
tracking performance and good robustness under complex working conditions.
NACS Electric Vehicle Coupler
Authors:   Hybrid - EV Committee
Published: December 2023

This document covers the general physical, electrical, functional, safety, and performance requirements for conductive power transfer to an electric vehicle using a coupler, which can be hand-mated and is capable of transferring either DC or AC single-phase power using two current-carrying contacts.
Kje so emonski otroci?
Authors: Županek Bernarda , Leskovar Tamara
Published: December 2023

V prispevku raziskujeva vprašanja, povezana z zdravstvenim stanjem in smrtnostjo otrok v Emoni. V ospredje postavljava diskrepanco med ocenjeno visoko smrtnostjo otrok v rimskem času in relativno nizkim odstotkom doslej odkritih otroških grobov v Emoni. Rezultati analiz kremiranih ostankov iz nekaterih zgodnjerimskih emonskih grobov kažejo, da je bila v posamezen grob včasih pokopana več kot ena oseba, pogosto skupaj odrasli in otrok. V prispevku se sprašujeva, ali so to doslej neodkriti pokopi emonskih otrok, in iščeva tudi druge možne razlage. Poleg tega podajava nekaj informacij o zdravstvenem stanju emonskih otrok na osnovi doslej pregledanega gradiva.
Das Quellenrepertorium als Archivpublikation: Zur Überlieferungsgeschichte der Werke Rilkes
Authors: Pohlmann Laura Marie
Published: December 2023

Mit dem Quellenre­pertorium der Werke Rilkes als Schnittstelle von Archiv, Forschung und Edition wird erstmals ein systematisches Verzeichnis aller weltweit bekannten und zugänglichen Werk­manuskripte Rilkes vorgestellt.   Mit der Verzeichnung der materiellen Träger aus dem Prozess von Rilkes Werkproduktion liegt eine maßgebliche Grundlage für die textkritische und forschungs­bezogene Aufarbeitung des Nachlassmate­rials vor. Die Beschreibung einschlägiger Merkmale der Materialien, die Darstellung der Entstehungszusammenhänge und die Dokumentation von Provenienzen der insgesamt 336 Textzeugen (Einzelgedichte, Werkkomplexe, Sammelhandschriften), die etwa 1.200 Werke dokumentieren, bieten durch ihre Detailfülle zentrale Anknüpfungspunkte für die künftige Rilke-Forschung. Ergänzt wird das Repertorium durch einen umfangreichen Anhang, der u.a.  auch Auktionskataloge und Wasserzeichen der von Rilke verwendeten Papiere dokumentiert sowie ein umfangreiches Werkregister liefert, das über 2.000 Einzelwerke Rilkes erfasst. Durch Erstellung und Kommentierung der Werkchronologie, die wesentliche Elemente der Quellen- und Werkprovenienz abbildet, wird zugleich der überlieferungsgeschichtliche Charakter des Quellenrepertoriums als Archivpublikation deutlich gemacht. Der einführende methodische Teil des Buches stellt u.a. konzeptionelle Überlegungen zur Gattung des Quellenrepertoriums als Instrumentarium der archivarischen und bibliographischen Verzeichnung an und erörtert Strategien und Verfahren für die Erarbeitung eines solchen Repertoriums. Durch seine Anschlussfähigkeit für neue Textzeugen kann das Quellenrepertorium der Werke Rilkes als Modell für die Gestaltung zukünftiger Repertorien dienen.
Reescrituras de la épica clásica:
Authors: Nisa Cáceres Daniel , Moreno Soldevila Rosario
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo ofrece un panorama de las reescrituras actuales de autoría femenina de la Ilíada, la Odisea y la Eneida. Llama la atención la mera eclosión de novelas que se han publicado en el siglo XXI en torno a esta temática, en el marco más general de las reescrituras de los clásicos (especialmente, aunque no exclusivamente, en el mundo anglófono), así como su variedad genérica y creativa. Este estudio traza sucintamente las líneas de evolución de este fenómeno, ofrece diferentes posibilidades de exploración crítica y analiza características clave de estas novelas, reflexionando sobre los factores que han propiciado esta tendencia literaria en creciente expansión.
When Life Gives You Lemons, Do Outreach! A Program for University Professors to Virtually Connect to K-12 Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic and beyond
Authors:   North Carolina State University, Paciulli Lisa M. , Jevnikar McKenzie N. ,   North Carolina State University, Kwon Taeim ,   North Carolina State University, Gates Terry A. ,   North Carolina State University
Published: December 2023

At the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic in the Spring of 2020, North Carolina (NC) public schools moved to distance education in which all students attended classes on video conferencing programs. During this time, NC State University faculty offered virtual guest talks to NC K-12 students. Eighty-eight faculty from three NC State colleges volunteered and 161 teachers requested talks, with approximately 5,400 students. Overall, significantly more teachers from the NC Piedmont region requested speakers (p<.0001); significantly more urban teachers requested talks (p<.0001); and, significantly more elementary school teachers requested speakers than middle (p<.0001) or high school (p<.0001) teachers. The program was beneficial to teachers and students, exposing them to real-world research. In the future, the program should be
PRIMENA SOFTVERSKIH ALATA DOSTUPNIH NA INTERNETU ZA MODELOVANJE SOLARNIH ELEKTRANA
Authors:   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia, Vasić Milan , Aleksandrović Todor ,   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia, Ristanović Ilija ,   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with the analysis of software tools available on the internet that serve as an auxiliary tool for electrical engineers in the design of solar power plants, and greatly simplify and speed up the design process and increase the accuracy of energy production assumptions and all other parameters.
INTEGRACIJA ELEKTRIČNIH VOZILA U ELEKTROENERGETSKI SISTEM REPUBLIKE SRBIJE – PRETNjA ILI IZAZOV?
Authors:   Elektromreža Srbije AD, Savić Aleksandar J. , Stanković Darija ,   Elektromreža Srbije AD, Stefanović Ksenija ,   Elektromreža Srbije AD
Published: December 2023

The authors consider the possibility of simultaneous connection of the maximum number of chargers for electric vehicles. Although it is clear that the gradual introduction of electric vehicles instead of vehicles with SUS engines will inevitably follow the introduction of smart grids, it is interesting to know the number of electric vehicles that the power system of the Republic of Serbia can accept at the moment. Simultaneous charging of the vehicle can be expected in emergency situations and during natural disasters. We have witnessed several such events in the Republic of Serbia since the beginning of the 21st century. The natural reaction of people in such situations is to secure a possibility of evacuation from the threatened arеа. Therefore, it is to be expected that the owners of electric vehicles will find a way to charge the batteries of their vehicles regardless of the limitations that may be imposed by "Smart Grid" technology. Connecting battery chargers to home installations is limited by existing standards. Home installations allow the connection of three-phase and single-phase chargers. Considering their price, and more because of the relatively more complicated connection of three-phase chargers, the authors consider the possibility of simultaneous, uncontrolled, single-phase charging of up to 6 kW in the Serbian power system. Based on the available literature, on the example of the Republic of Italy, investments of 40 billion euros in electric power infrastructure would enable the replacement of the entire vehicle fleet. Comparing the electric power systems of Italy and Serbia, the total number of motor vehicles, the gross national product as well as the parity purchasing power, it follows that the electrification of the vehicle fleet in the Republic of Serbia will proceed much more slowly than in the developed EU countries. This slower growth will be particularly reflected in the speed of introduction of "Smart Grid" technology. The expected problems will first appear in the electrical distribution network. The paper also discusses the economic consequences of replacing the entire vehicle fleet with an electric one.
PRORAČUN SKLOPNIH PRENAPONA ZA SLUČAJ METALNOG TROFAZNOG KRATKOG SPOJA NA SN-IZVODU SA PRIKLЈUČENIM INDUKCIONIM I/ILI SINHRONIM GENERATORIMA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia, Mijailović Vladica , Ranković Aleksandar ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the procedure for calculating the switching overvoltage on the supplying circuit breaker of the MV cable feeder to which induction and/or synchronous generators are connected during a bolted three-phase short circuit. When a fault occurs, the feeder is disconnected by a circuit breaker at the beginning of the feeder. After the set delay time has expired, since island operation is not allowed, the connected distributed generators will also be switched off. It is shown that, during the period when the grid is off and the generators are on, the overvoltage factor reaches a value between 2.2 and 2.5, depending on the type of generator and the connection location. The individual responses of the distribution network and the mentioned types of distributed generators in case of failure are known and they differ significantly from each other. By using the superposition theorem, it is shown how to calculate the switching overvoltage, with the elementary use of a computer.
UTICAJ RAZLIČITIH TEHNOLOGIJA U IZRADI FOTONAPONSKIH PANELA NA MOGUĆNOST ISKORIŠĆENJA SOLARNE ENERGIJE I NJENE TRANSFORMACIJE U ELEKTRIČNU ENERGIJU
Authors:   FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING - UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO, Turković Boris , Mujović Saša ,   FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING - UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO
Published: December 2023

Due to the growing needs for electricity and especially energy obtained from renewable sources, this paper deals with the potential of Montenegro for the production of electricity from solar energy. The sun is the largest source of renewable energy. The amount of solar radiation in Montenegro, especially in the coastal and central area is among the largest in Europe. Therefore, this paper presents the behavior of photovoltaic power plants based on different technologies of photovoltaic panels in order to determine the most favorable solution from both economic and technical aspects. Different technologies for the production of photovoltaic panels significantly affect the degree of conversion of solar energy into electricity, as well as the electrical, ecological and economic parameters of the use of photovoltaic panels. In this regard, the following were considered: monocrystalline, polycristalline, as well as thin-film amorphous, cadmium-telluride (CdTe), copper-indium- selenide (CIS) and HIT technology. In cases of the same level of exposure to solar radiation and from the comparative analysis that was carried out for each of the system based on different technologies of electricity production of photovoltaic panels, appropriate conclusions were drawn about the operation, losses, yields, economic analysis, as well as the impact or contribution in reducing CO2 emissions for each of the system. The design of six photovoltaic power plants of the same rated power was performed in the software tool PVsyst.
POBOLJŠANJE KARAKTERISTIKA IZOLACIONOG SISTEMA STATORA VISOKONAPONSKIH ASINHRONIH MAŠINA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia, Brajović Dragan , Jokanović Bojan , Bebić Milan ,   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Serbia, Kartalović Nenad ,   ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE "NIKOLA TESLA", Belgrade, Serbia, Nikezić Dušan ,   Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia - University of Belgrade
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to show possible ways of improving the characteristics of the stator insulation system, which will ensure a simple, reliable and significant extension of the operating life of the high-voltage asynchronous machine. In order to achieve these goals, the focus was on achieving longer-term and more stable isolation of the stator package of the asynchronous machine without changing the dimensions of the machine itself. Longer- lasting and more stable insulation of the stator insulation system is achieved by strengthening the weak points on its prefabricated windings. With such reinforced weak points on the basis of prefabricated models, they were made using the classic process with the use of standardized tools. To monitor the effects of improving the insulation characteristics of the stator insulation system, an algorithm was developed based on the law of probability of growth and determination of the life curves. Lifetime curves were determined using the increasing voltage method while reducing the obtained results to the corresponding results that would be obtained using the constant voltage method. The applied algorithm, formed for the purpose of this study, was verified with a high statistical reliability of 95%. The combined measurement uncertainty of the measurement procedure was about 5%.
PENYULUHAN SADAR WISATA DAN SAPTA PESONA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA DI DESA NEGARI, KLUNGKUNG, BALI
Authors: Ni Kadek Sri Mirayani  , Ni Putu Tiya Paristha  , I Wayan Agus Selamet  , I Made Adi Purwantara  , Komang Satya Permadi  , I Gede Aditya Warman
Published: December 2023

Rendahnya tingkat partisipasi masyarakat lokal mengindikasikan kelemahan dalam pengelolaan dan pengembangan pariwisata di Desa Negari, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan kontribusi masyarakat melalui penyuluhan sikap Sadar Wisata dan konsep Sapta Pesona. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk dapat berkontribusi dalam bidang pengetahuan tentang pengembangan potensi daya tarik wisata pada Desa Negari. Dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metode ceramah dan berdiskusi. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat menunjukan bahwa pengabdian sesuai dengan kebutuhan mitra, sesuai dengan harapan mitra, masyarakat telah memperoleh pengetahuan untuk pengembangan daya tarik wisata yang sesuai dengan keadaan lingkungan setempat, dan mitra sangat puas terhadap pelaksanan pengabdian.
Aportes de crítica textual em Nm 13–14 e Nm 16
Authors: Catenassi Fabrizio Zandonadi , Artuso Vicente
Published: December 2023

A crítica textual, como parte da exegese científica, contribui para a compreensão da composição do texto hebraico, sua tradição textual, em vista de chegar o mais próximo do original. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma investigação crítica de Nm 13–14 e Nm 16, com base nas variantes do texto e propostas significativas para a sua tradução e compreensão. O Pentateuco Samaritano a Septuaginta, como também os manuscritos de Qumram são documentos mais antigos que o texto massorético, dentre outros citados no aparato crítico da Bíblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. Resulta desse estudo que algumas inserções samaritanas (seguidas de perto pela Siro-Héxapla) têm incidências estruturais e teológicas, que denotam a fluidez do texto de Nm 13–14 e o desenvolvimento das tradições textuais em um período que se estende a partir do séc. III a.C. A Septuaginta em seus complementos em Números, segue uma tradição textual, a mesma usada em Qumram.  Observa-se que a Septuaginta tende a tornar o texto massorético mais coerente e eliminar algumas dificuldades.
Ramón Ruiz, Eleuterio. El libro del Eclesiastés
Authors: Dias da Silva Cássio Murilo
Published: December 2023

Resenha do livro RAMÓN RUIZ, Eleuterio. El libro del Eclesiastés: Comentario y propuestas de lectura. Estella: Verbo Divino, 2023. Coleção: Estudios Biblicos.
AYQAP MECMUASINDA TATARLAR VE TATARCA ÜZERİNE BAZI GÖRÜŞLER
Authors: ŞAHBAZ Mehmet Güneş
Published: December 2023

Ayqap 1911 yılının Ocak ayında ilk sayısı çıkan 1915 yılının Eylül ayına kadar dört yıl boyunca basımına devam edilen Kazak mecmuasıdır. Troisk şehrinde bulunan Energia adlı basımevi bu mecmuanın basımını üstlenmiştir. Mecmuanın dili Kazakçadır. Makalelerin basıldığı alfabe ise Arap alfabesidir. Mecmuanın adı olan Ayqap, yapılmayan işe duyulan pişmanlık belirten, ah vah etme anlamındaki Ay-qap ünleminden gelmektedir. Ayqap mecmuasında şu konular üzerine makaleler yazılmıştır; siyaset, sosyal konular, edebî eserlerin değerlendirilmesi, edebiyat ile ilgili konular, Kazakların ve özellikle de Kazak kadınlarının eğitimi bilinçlendirilmesi, fırsat eşitliği, tıp ve ziraat gibi alanlarda Kazak halkının doğrudan ihtiyaç duyduğu yenilikler hakkında bilgilendirmeler, yurttan ve yurt dışından haberler, okurlardan gelen mektuplar ve bu mektuplara cevaplar, Kazak tarihi, Kazak dili ve Kazakçanın imlâsı vb. konular. Ayqap mecmuasını önemli kılan Kazak milli uyanışının, milli benliğinin inşasının sembolü olan yayın organlarından biri olmasıdır. Alaş Orda hareketinin önemli isimleri bu mecmuada yazmış ve bu mecmua yardımıyla halkla ve aydınlarla iletişim halinde kalmışlardır. Alaş hareketinin fikrî altyapısını Cedîd hareketi oluşturmaktadır. Ceditçilik Tatar muallimlerin önderliğinde Müslüman Orta Asya Türk toplulukları arasında hızla yayılmıştır. Makalenin amacı Ayqap mecmuasında yazan ve büyük çoğunluğu Kazakistan’daki Tatar mekteplerinde ya da Türkistan coğrafyasındaki Usûl-i Cedîd mekteplerinde eğitim gören bağımsız Alaş Orda Devleti’nin temellerini atan aydınların makalelerinde, Tatarlar ve Tatarca üzerine neler yazdığının tespitidir.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) — 150 Days On
Authors: Chee Y C
Published: December 2023

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) has been identified as a new clinical entity in the year 2003. It was on 12 March 2003 that the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global health alert on the disease then known as atypical pneumonia.
Challenges in Perinatal Medicine
Authors: Rajadurai V S
Published: December 2023

One of the significant milestones in the perinatal care in Singapore is the birth of the Perinatal Society of Singapore in March 1989. This signaled the beginning of increased collaboration between the obstetricians and neonatologists in the management of high-risk pregnancies through multidisciplinary birth defect clinics and high-risk perinatal consultation services and this active partnership has grown over the years.
Obstetric Cholestasis: Current Opinions and Management
Authors: Tan L K
Published: December 2023

Obstetric cholestasis (OC) is a pregnancy-specific liver condition that typically presents with generalised pruritis in the absence of a rash in the late second trimester or third trimester. It is more common in certain ethnic groups, particularly those from South Asian, South American, Nordic and Scandinavian regions, and has a familial and genetic basis. Recent research suggests that the pathophysiology may reside in mutations in genes that code for bile acid transporter proteins. Mutations involving the bile acid transporters may impair maternal excretion and influence transplacental passage of bile acids. It is hypothesised that the surge in pregnancy steroid hormones may result in genetically predisposed women developing cholestasis. The condition is also associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly from preterm labour, fetal distress and intrauterine deaths. Animal studies have shown that bile acids are cardiotoxic, which may help explain the condition’s association with fetal distress and stillbirths. Accurate diagnosis relies on a high index of suspicion, and the findings of abnormal liver function tests and raised serum bile acid levels after the exclusion of other organic causes of liver disease. Ursodeoxycholic acid helps relieve symptoms, improve serum bile acid levels and possibly has a cardioprotective effect. Active management, in the form of close antepartum fetal monitoring and delivery before 37 weeks, helps to decrease the risk of intrauterine deaths, though possibly at the expense of increased obstetric intervention. Following delivery, there is usually a dramatic improvement of symptoms and resolution of the condition. Women should be counselled about the high recurrence risk of OC in subsequent pregnancies.
Chorioamnionitis and Outcome in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Fung G , Bawden K , Chow P , Yu V
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Chorioamnionitis is a risk factor for preterm delivery. Intrauterine infection leads to the fetal inflammatory response which is characterised by elevated cytokine levels. Chorioamnionitis is reported to cause accelerated but abnormal lung maturation, resulting in decreased incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) but increased chronic lung disease (CLD), and predisposes the infant to cerebral injury.
Objective: To investigate the relation between chorioamnionitis and RDS, CLD, cerebral lesions, neurodevelopmental outcome and mortality in a cohort of extremely premature infants.

Materials and Methods: Infants born between 1997 and 2001 with a gestational age of less than 28 weeks or a birth weight of less than 1000 g were divided into two groups: Group 1 with evidence of chorioamnionitis and Group 2 without. Outcomes of these two groups of infants were compared.

Results: A total of 388 infants were included (105 in Group 1 and 283 in Group 2). Chorioamnionitis was significantly associated with an increased risk of extreme preterm delivery. Group 1 showed a trend towards an increased incidence of CLD and mortality, while the incidence of periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) were similar between the two groups. Subgroup analysis of 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome showed an increased trend towards cerebral palsy and visual impairment, while the incidence of developmental delay and hearing impairment are similar between the two groups.

Conclusion: Extremely preterm infants with chorioamnionitis showed a trend towards an increased incidence of CLD, mortality, cerebral palsy and visual impairment, but a decreased risk of RDS.
Clinical Characteristics of an Outbreak of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Singapore
Authors: Shah V A , Chong C Y , Chan K P , Ng W , Ling A E
Published: December 2023

Background: We experienced a hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreak in late year 2000 in Singapore. Between 14 September 2000 and 14 November 2000, a total of 3526 cases of HFMD were notified. There were 652 patients clinically suspected to have HFMD, who were seen at the Children’s Emergency department of KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Singapore.

Objective of the study: To study the clinical profile and virologic isolates of children admitted with HFMD during the outbreak.

Study design: A prospective observational study.

Methods: Analysis of clinical features and virologic studies of 129 selected cases of HFMD and herpangina.

Results: The median age was 25 months with a range of between 4 months and 11 years. The majority were less than 5 years old (87%). The maleto-female ratio was 1.3:1. The median numbers of day of illness to presentation to the hospital was 3 days. Poor feeding and loss of appetite accounted for 76.7% of the admissions. Symptoms of vomiting were present in 37.2% of the cases. Oral ulcers were found in 96.1%, rashes over hands in 87.6%, over feet in 86.8% and over buttocks in 54.3%. Only 4.7% exhibited no rashes other than oral ulcers and were labelled as herpangina. The median duration of fever was 3 days, ranging from 2 to 7 days. An intravenous drip was required in 68.2% due to poor feeding. Viral cultures were sent in 89.1% of patients of whom 61.7% of patients were positive for viruses. Of the positive cultures, types of viruses isolated were EV71 (enterovirus 71) in 59/71 (83%), Coxsackievirus (A16, A24, A2 B3, B4) in 6/71 (8.4%), EV Untypable in 4/71 (5.6%) and mixed [EV71, echo25, cytomegalovirus (CMV)] in 2/71 (2.8%). EV71 was isolated mostly from stool samples followed by vesicle fluid culture and throat swabs. Two siblings aged 14 months and 2.5 years died during this period at day 5 of illness, their post-mortem examinations showed interstitial pneumonitis of the lungs. EV71 was isolated from the brain, heart, tonsils, intestines, throat and rectal swabs. A raised total white cell count of 14,000/L versus 12,000/L was significantly associated with complicated HFMD (P = 0.04). There was no difference in clinical characteristics of EV71 versus non-EV71 infections. Other viral illnesses, e.g. measles and CMV, may be mistaken for HFMD in the outbreak setting.

Conclusions: HFMD tends to occur in younger children less than 5 years old due to low herd immunity. Poor feeding due to mouth ulcers accounts for admission to hospital requiring intravenous drip. EV71 accounted for the majority (75%) of the positive isolations, followed by coxsackievirus and untypable EV, mixed infection of echovirus or CMV. The yield of virus isolation was highest from stool, followed by vesicles and throat swabs. There is no difference in clinical characteristics of EV71 and non-EV71 virus infections. Enterovirus can cause mild symptoms to fatal death. Two infants died of interstitial pneumonitis and encephalitis.
Boerhaave’s Syndrome Presenting as a Right-sided Pleural Effusion
Authors: Yang S T Y , Devanand A , Tan K L , Eng P C T
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Boerhaave’s syndrome is an uncommon condition where there is oesophageal rupture following forceful vomiting, subsequent mediastinitis and is associated with high mortality and morbidity in the absence of therapy. We present a case of Boerhaave’s syndrome in a 79-year-old woman who developed a right-sided effusion, an unusual presentation.

Clinical Picture: A 79-year-old woman developed a right-sided empyema and mediastinitis after a bout of repeated vomiting. Gastrograffin swallows and oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy confirmed oesophageal rupture.

Treatment: The patient was treated with antibiotics and a tube thoracostomy. An open thoracotomy, oesophagostomy and thoracic window was subsequently performed.

Outcome: The oesophageal rupture was contained but patient died from postoperative complications.

Conclusions: Physicians should have a high index of suspicion of oesophageal rupture when patients present with Meckler’s triad of symptoms and especially when pleural fluid cultures grow bacteria native to the gastrointestinal tract.
Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Isolates on Dried Fruit Moth (Plodia interpunctella [Lepidoptera: pyralidae])
Authors: BAYINDIR EROL Alime , ERDOĞAN Oktay , SEVİNÇ Mehmet Sedat
Published: December 2023

The dried fruit moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, 1813) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is one of the most important pests of both dried fruits and stored grains and products. One of the alternative control methods to chemicals in the control against this pest is the use of biological control methods. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) stand out because they do not have any negative effects on the environment, living organism and human health, other than the target pests. In this study, ET 10 and Bb 18 isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. were applied to the 4th instar larvae of P. interpunctella under laboratory conditions and their effectiveness was determined. EPF isolates were sprayed to the larvae in plastic petri dishes at a concentration of 1x108 conidia/ml. The experiments were carried out in a randomized plots experimental design with five replicates, with five 4th instar larvae in each petri dish. After the applications, the number of live larvae was recorded by counting the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days and the % mortality rate was calculated. On the fifth day of the experiment, mortality rates of 92% were recorded for the ET 10 isolate of B. bassiana and 84% for the Bb 18 isolate. In the seventh day counts, 100% mortality rates were determined for both isolates of B. bassiana. As a result, it is concluded that B. bassiana may have a potential effect in the biological control of stored product pests.
Çocuk Edebiyatında Göstergebilimsel Bir Çözümleme Örneği Olarak Yaşar Kemal’in “Beyaz Pantolon” Adlı Öyküsü
Authors: YAMAÇ Ayşe Ebrar , SARIKAYA Bünyamin
Published: December 2023

Araştırmanın amacı Yaşar Kemal’in “Beyaz Pantolon” adlı hikâyesinin göstergebilimsel yaklaşımla anlatısal ve söylemsel düzeyde incelemektir. Alan yazınında, Yaşar Kemal’in eserlerine yönelik göstergebilimsel çözümlemeye rastlanmamış olması araştırmanın önemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden doküman analizi modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini Yaşar Kemal’in “Beyaz Pantolon” adlı hikâyesi oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada belgesel tarama modeliyle toplanan veriler betimsel analiz tekniğine göre çözümlenmiştir. “Beyaz Pantolon” isimli eser, göstergebilimsel çözümleme basamaklarından faydalanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Eser öncelikle bölümlere ve kesitlere ayrılmıştır. Anlatının genel düzenlenişi belirlendikten sonra eyleyenler, eksenler, anlatının izlencesi ile kiplikleri, figüratif karşıtlıklar, betimlemeler, bakış açısı ve izleksel roller belirlenerek Yaşar Kemal’in anlatısındaki yapı ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlar bağlamında öneriler sunulmuştur.
Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi Yetkililerin Söylem ve Parti Programlarında Muhafazakârlık (2002-2009)
Authors: IŞIK Muhittin
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada 2001 yılında kurulan ve 3 Kasım 2002 milletvekili seçimlerinden birincilikle ayrılarak tek başına iktidar olan, yirmi bir yıldır iktidarını koruyan Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’nin muhafazakârlık anlayışının irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Literatürde Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’ni konu edinen çok sayıda akademik çalışmaya rastlanılsa da bu partinin muhafazakârlık anlayışını muhafazakâr ilkeler bağlamında ele alan çalışmaların yetersiz sayıda olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda geniş bir literatür taraması yöntemiyle Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’nin 2002-2009 yılları arasındaki parti tüzük ve programlarından hareketle muhafazakâr düşüncenin başlıca temel değerleri (gelenek, din, aile, mülkiyet, toplum, otorite vb.) çerçevesinde ideolojisini analiz etmek için öncelikle muhafazakârlığın kavramsal çerçevesi sunulmuş, muhafazakâr düşüncenin temel değerleri ana hatlarıyla irdelenmiştir. Sonrasında ise Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’nin kuruluş serüveni ve ideolojik konumu ele alınmıştır. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’nin parti tüzüğü ve programı ile seçim beyannameleri detaylı bir şekilde incelendiğinde partinin özgün bir kavram olarak “muhafazakâr demokrasi”yi benimsediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. “Muhafazakâr demokrasi” söylemiyle muhafazakârlık, modernizm ve liberalizme eklemlenmek istenmiştir.
Anadil Edinimi ile Yabancı Dil Öğrenimi Arasında Bilişsel Benzerlikler Açısından Bir Karşılaştırma
Authors: ÇELİK Muhammet
Published: December 2023

Dünyanın farklı yerlerindeki çocuklar, anadillerini edinirken benzer süreçlerden geçerler. Eşzamanlı iki dil edinen çocuklar da her iki dili benzer süreçlerden geçerek öğrenirler. Çocuklar baskı altında kalmadıkları sürece anadillerini veya eşzamanlı olarak iki dili kolayca edinirler. Çocukların herhangi bir dil eğitimi almadıkları halde, karmaşık bir yapıya sahip bir veya birden çok dili kolayca edinmeleri dilbilimcilerin araştırmalarına konu olmaktadır. Bu makalede, çocukların anadillerini kolayca edinmelerine yardımcı olan psikolojik durumlardan hareketle yabancı dil öğretimini yapılandırmanın imkânı ve yabancı dil öğretimini destekleyen diğer unsurlar psikolojik şartlara atıf yapılarak incelenmektedir. Anadilini edinmekte olan çocuğun dil öğrenme kaygısına sahip olmayışı, konuşmaya güdülenmiş olması, hatalı kullanımlarına rağmen büyük bir cesaretle konuşmaya devam etmesi ve konuşmasını bir oyun havası içinde sürdürmesi, yabancı dil öğretim programlarının hazırlanmasında dikkate alınması gereken unsurlardır. Buna göre; yabancı dil öğrenen bireylerin dil öğrenmeye güdülenmeleri ve başarılı olacaklarına inanmaları gerekir. Anadilini edinmekte olan çocuklar gibi, yabancı dil öğrenen bireylerin de yoğun bir iletişim içinde olmaları ve konuşma pratiklerinde kaygısız davranmaları gerekir. Bu da, ilk aşamalarda gramer içermeyen iletişimsel bir program hazırlamayı ve bu program çerçevesindeki konuşma pratiklerinde dil hatalarının çok düzeltilmemesini gerektirir. Aşamalı olarak hazırlanacak programda, dilsel ifadeler işlevsellik ilkesi göz önünde bulundurularak konumlandırılmalıdır. Buradaki amaç yabancı dil öğrenimini mümkün olduğunca anadil edinimine yakınlaştırmaktır.
A Comparative Study of the Toxicities and Local Recurrence of Conventional External Beam Radiotherapy versus Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors:   Medical Officer. Oncology Department, Tura Civil Hospital, Meghalaya, India., Marak Silchang Koknal , Mahawar Rahul ,   Senior Resident. Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur-795004, India, Dinita Devi Ningthoujam ,   Senior Resident. Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur-795004, India, Devi Nongmaithem Nilima ,   Medical officer. Department of Radiotherapy and Palliative care, District Hospital, Bishnupur, Manipur, India, Devi Yumkhaibam Sobita ,   Professor and HOD. Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur-795004, India, Baidya Kishalay ,   Consultant Radiation Oncology, CBCC Cancer Centre, Agartala, Tripura, India
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer amongst women, which is treated by a multi-modality approach consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the early and late treatment toxicities and the local recurrence following Conventional and Hypofractionated External Beam Radiotherapy in breast cancer patients after surgery. Methods: A randomized study was conducted for two years including 150 patients. The patients were divided into two arms, with Arm-A receiving a total dose of 50Gy/25# and the Arm-B receiving 40Gy/16#. Results: Early and late treatment toxicities were comparable in both the arms, except for skin toxicity which was more in the hypofractionated arm (Arm-B). Local Recurrence was observed in Arm-A in 1 patient at Month 17 of follow-up, and in Arm-B at Month 13 in 1 patient and at Month 21 in 1 patient. Conclusion: Hypofractionated radiotherapy given over a short period of time is comparable to Conventional fractionation radiotherapy without any significant statistical difference in terms of toxicities or local recurrence; with an added advantage of reduced treatment time, reduced duration of hospital stays, better patients’ compliance and reduced cost of treatment.