bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A wrinkle in and of time: Contraction of felt duration with a single perceptual switch
Authors: Singhal Ishan , Srinivasan Narayanan
Published: July 2021

The way we represent and perceive time has crucial implications for studying temporality in conscious experience. Contrasting positions posit that temporal information is separately abstracted out like any other perceptual property through specialized mechanisms or that time is represented through the temporality of experiences themselves. To add to this debate, we investigate alterations in felt time in conditions where only conscious visual experience is altered through perceptual switches while a bistable figure remains physically unchanged. We predicted that if perceived time is a function of temporally evolving conscious content, then a break in it (here via a perceptual switch) would also lead to a break in felt time. In three experiments, we showed participants a Necker cube which was manipulated to induce a perceptual switch (experiment 1(a) and 1(b)) or left to switch on its own (experiment 2). We asked participants to report both perceptual switches and felt durations (experiment 1(a) and 2) or only estimate time (experiment 1(b). Over these three experiments, we find evidence of contraction of felt time in trials with a perceptual switch, consistent with the idea that perceived time is a function of temporally evolving conscious experience. Additionally, we present a phenomenological demonstration to support our empirical data. Overall, the study provides evidence for temporal mirroring and isomorphism in visual experience, arguing for a link between the timing of experience and time perception.
Do you see what I see? Children’s understanding of perception and physical interaction over video chat
Authors: BENNETTE ELIZABETH , Metzinger Alison , Lee Michelle , Ni Jessica , Nishith Shruti , Kim Minju , Schachner Adena
Published: July 2021

In 2020, millions of children shifted to using video chat for core aspects of education and social interaction. While video chat allows for genuine social interaction – in which the partner can see and hear you – affordances in other modalities are limited (e.g. touch). Do children understand the nuanced affordances and limitations of video chat? Here we provide evidence of these abilities at preschool age. Prior to COVID-19, we conducted an experiment with 4-year-old children (N=44). Each child was introduced to people over video chat, in person, and in a photograph. Children judged whether each person could see, hear, feel, and physically interact with them. We found that children made nuanced judgements about the affordances of video chat, judging that a person over video chat can see, but cannot feel a touch nor physically interact through the screen. Children’s answers about hearing were divided, with children answering that the person over video chat could hear more often than for a photograph, but less often than for in-person interaction. Overall, by age four, children understand that video chat has a mixture of life-like affordances and picture-like limitations, showing the presence of a necessary cognitive prerequisite to effective use of video chat in early education.
Evidence of assortative mating for Theory of Mind via facial expressions but not language
Authors: Jackson Emily , Galvin John , Warrier Varun , Baron-Cohen Simon , Luo Shanhong , Dunbar R. I. M. , Proctor Hannah , Lee Eva , Richards Gareth
Published: July 2021

Assortative mating (AM) is a phenomenon in which romantic partners typically resemble each other at a level greater than chance. There is converging evidence that social behaviours are subject to AM, though less is known regarding social cognition. Social functioning requires the ability to identify and understand the mental states of others, i.e., Theory of Mind (ToM). The present study recruited a sample of 102 heterosexual couples via an online survey to test if ToM as measured using facial expressions (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test) or language (Stiller-Dunbar Stories Task) is associated with AM. Results showed existence of AM for ToM via facial expressions, though no such effect for ToM via language. AM for ToM via facial expressions was not moderated by length of relationship nor by partner similarity in age, educational attainment, or religiosity, all variables relevant to social stratification. This suggests AM for ToM via facial expressions is better explained by partners being alike at the start of their relationship (initial assortment) rather than becoming similar through sustained social interaction (convergence), and by people seeking out partners that are like themselves (active assortment) rather than simply pairing with those from similar demographic backgrounds (social homogamy).
Age and Neurocognition Are Associated With Credibility Evaluations of Health Websites
Authors: Babicz Michelle A. , Rahman Samina , Kordovski Victoria , Tierney Savanna , Woods Steven Paul
Published: July 2021

The internet has become a common means by which many older adults seek out health information. The prevalence of misinformation on the internet makes the search for accurate online health information a more complex and evaluative process. This study examined the role of age and neurocognition in credibility evaluations of credible and non-credible health websites. Forty-one older adults and fifty younger adults completed a structured credibility rating task in which they evaluated a series of webpages displaying health information about migraine treatments. Participants also completed measures of neurocognition, internet use, and health literacy. Results suggested that older adults rated non-credible health websites as more credible than younger adults, but the age groups did not differ in their ratings of credible sites. Within the full sample, neurocognition was positively associated with credibility ratings for non-credible health websites, whereas health literacy was related to the ratings of credible sites. Findings indicate that older adults may be more likely to trust non-credible health websites than younger adults, which may relate to differences in higher-order neurocognitive functions. Future work might examine whether cognitive-based supports for credibility training in older adults can be used to improve the accuracy with which they evaluate online health information.
Utility of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as early predicter of severe acute biliary pancreatitis
Authors: Shah Surendra , Paudyal Sanjaya , Maharjan Shanta Bir , Shah Shailendra , Shah Jay Narayan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Acute severe pancreatitis is associated with increased mortality. Several scoring systems have been used to predict severe acute pancreatitis which are either time-consuming or calculated 48 hours after admission. This study was aimed to assess the utility of neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as an early predictor of severe acute biliary pancreatitis.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2017 to January 2020. Patients with non-biliary pancreatitis, referred after initial treatment, missed data, and acute pancreatitis with acute cholecystitis or cholangitis were excluded from the study. Data were collected from case sheets. Patients were divided into two groups according to the development of severe acute biliary pancreatitis based on the revised Atlanta Classification. Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio with severe acute biliary pancreatitis was assessed using Mann Whitney U-test. p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Total 73 cases included in the study (males/females= 0.55). Sixty-six patients (90.4%) had mild/moderate acute biliary pancreatitis, and 7 (9.6%) patients had severe acute biliary pancreatitis. There was a development of complications in 7 (9.6%) patients who had severe acute biliary pancreatitis including one mortality. The mean neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet to lymphocyte ratio were high in the severe acute biliary pancreatitis group compared to the nonsevere acute biliary pancreatitis group, however, these differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions:  Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio cannot predict severe acute biliary pancreatitis.
Diet Pattern and Dyslipidemia Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Diagnosed More Tthan One Year Visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Niroula Samiksha , Subba Rama , Karkee Aarem
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, a leading cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to study the dietary pattern and dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.
Materials and Methods: Quantitative study was done to find out the dietary pattern and dyslipidemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed for more than one year were included in the study.
Results: The percentage of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus was found to be 88.5%. Dyslipidemia was found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with alcohol consumption, regular dietary management, sedentary behavior, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and hypertension. Dyslipidemia was also found to be significantly associated (p<0.05)  with the dietary habit (vegetarian and non-vegetarian), consumption of cereals and its product, consumption of fruits, consumption of fast foods and street foods, consumption of red meat, and consumption of oilseeds.
Conclusions: This study indicates the importance of dietary awareness and lifestyle modification for the management of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Unexplained Fatigue in an Otherwise Healthy Man Linked to Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease, A Case Report
Authors: Pant Vivek , Pradhan Santosh , Sharma Vijay Kumar
Published: July 2021

Kikuchi histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a benign and self-limited illness usually characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. We present a case of a 42-year male who complained of extreme fatigue for 2 weeks. On laboratory workup, he had leucopenia and thrombocytopenia with normal peripheral blood and bone marrow examination. The radiological investigation revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the left axilla and left supraclavicular region. The subsequent excisional biopsy of the axillary node clinched the diagnosis of Kikuchi- Fujimoto disease. The patient was completely recovered and laboratory parameters were normal with supportive treatment. Kikuchi- Fujimoto disease should be considered in patients with unexplained fatigue with lymphadenopathy and early biopsy prevents unnecessary investigations as well as potentially harmful treatments.
Covid-19 in Nepal: Governance and its Implication on Public Health Measures
Authors: Sherpa Ang Tshering Lama , Sherpa Tenzing Lhamo
Published: July 2021

COVID-19, the pandemic caused by SARS- CoV-2 has affected more than 220 countries including Nepal, costing millions of lives around the globe. Despite the government’s effort to contain the virus by initiating several public health measures, the exponential growth of COVID-19 cases has been noted in due course. Our review is focused on preventive health measures and the role of government in implementation, in the context of Nepal. We found that while the government did enact some policy and guidelines in response to COVID-19, the response was lacking in timely execution, coordination and monitoring, and was not in compliance with human rights principles.
Hrvatski problem s regionalizmom
Authors: Pieniążek-Marković Krystyna
Published: July 2021

Due to its geographic position and historical circumstances, Croatia is a country of deep regional differences. In this paper I try to remind the reader, on the one hand, of the inevitability of the regional perspective in approaching certain periods and, on the other hand, to find the answer to why regionalism can appear as an unpleasant methodology (and a fact?). I will refer to the terms related to regional narrative: geopoetics, regiopoetics, locality, glocality, homeland, boundaries, and so on, as well as the interrelationship of regional discourse with a discourse of memory and identity. The new regionalism (seems to me ‒ insufficiently present in Croatian literary research) as a part of cultural geography and cultural-anthropological research in cultural texts, explores the record of spatial experience and representation of space (region), as well as traces of action in the opposite direction: how a text of literature/culture influences the local context.
Psovka i smijeh
Authors: Mikulić Ivana
Published: July 2021

The paper examines the relationship between two marginal phenomena in the Croatian literatury studies, swearing and laughter. Swearing is a speech genre determined by the obscene and vulgar expressions associated with sex organs or anal bodily area contextualized in the so-called negative values of contemporary culture. On the other hand, laughter is the main point of the comedy that is lower positioned and very often neglected in the hierarchy of genres. However, swearing in Bakhtin’s concept of grotesque realism is an affirmative and positive phenomenon that has contributed to the creation of a free carnival atmosphere and other, material bodily, ridiculous aspect of the world. For a long time Croatian comedies of the second half of the 17th century (smješnice) were on the verge of literary history studies. In this paper we are primarily interested in smješnice because they belong to the carnival type of ceremonial-representational forms of the culture of folk humor, with swearing as its integral part. The study analyses swearing in smješnice considering the type (swear words referring to sex and sexuality, insult), the direction of swearing (speaker, listener, third person, inanimate matter, animals) and the domain from which metaphorically-insulting words are taken (body parts, animals, ethnic groups, confessions, inanimate matter, human qualities…). Thus, different types of swear words provide an insight into the literary representation of everyday life in premodern Dubrovnik.
Dvije autobiografije u stihovima
Authors: Grakalić Plenković Sanja
Published: July 2021

Although verses as a form are rarely chosen by autobiographers, the history of Croatian autobiography shows that some writers have had the inclination towards writing autobiographies in verses. The form of a poem can be linked with the beginnings of writing autobiographical texts and with the autobiographical discourse in the works of Croatian writers. Even though it has not been in the focus of interest of autobiographical theory, the autobiographical elements can be found in the period spanning from the 15th- and 16th-century Croatian poetry in the works of the Croatian Latinists up to the present time which represents the golden period of autobiographic writing. Focusing on the autobiographers’ inclination to write in verse (from heterogenous autobiographies, where verses are incorporated into the text itself, to autobiographies poems), this paper shows the marginal place that the form of a poem occupies in the field of researching and defining autobiography as a genre. The fact has been corroborated by providing an outline of verses in autobiographies and autobiographies in verses throughout the history of Croatian literature. Special attention is given to two autobiographies-poems, written by two contemporary writers of Croatian Moderna ‒ Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (Autoportrait from Rogaška Slatina; 1932) and Vladimir Nazor (Autobiography; 1927). Having in common the form and some themes and motifs (such as looking back at their lives, the author, the narrator and the main character being one and the same person, retrospective perspective), these two autobiographies show how placing emphasis on intimate elements, the form of a poem can be used to write an autobiography. Without putting into question the theme, the place of the narrator/poet in telling about or taking attitude towards the reality or experiences lived, factographic elements which dominate the early 20th century autobiographies, here are largely overshadowed by the more personal and emotional elements.
Periferno kao izbor u romanu Mirisi, zlato i tamjan Slobodana Novaka
Authors: Nikolić Andrijana
Published: July 2021

In this paper we will analyze the personal choice of individuals, who chose peripheral life on the island which is their prison and their freedom at the same time. Though eager to do so, the protagonists of the novel, Mali and Draga, do not escape from the island. They are essentially prisoners of their own choice, from which they apparently try to escape, not escaping only from responsibilities and obligations that tie them to the island, that is, to nurturing a handicapped old women Madonna. In self-deprivation and oppression satisfying Madonna’s wishes, Mali voluntarily fulfills her desires, aware of the nonsense in which he dives, conscious of alienation, which he cannot resist. Although, at one point, Mali will pronounce all of his own disappointment, the reader will not accept it as the main hero’s awareness about the failure of life but she/he will rather “involve” in a postmodernist way in author’s thinking and his attitude towards the main character. The essence of the psychological lies not in the fact that the writer played with the possibility of rejecting the protagonist, but, on the contrary, enabled him to choose his path, which led him to the island, on which he remains. The bareness of life was reduced by the literary process to the final outcome of the earthly existence. Without coercion or request, just by rough realistic method, the writer points to the masculinity of the main character, who is firm, does not give up on his ideals, but at the same time remains a prisoner of his habits. With the abundance of biblical motifs and symbols, Slobodan Novak created the hero of the novel who grows out of the narrative events and who is not uniform, but in the given situations he changes, resisting, retreating or adjusting. In the atmosphere of the stagnant island an ironic and scathing prose was made, whose main protagonists accepted peripherality as a habit.
Raz jeszcze o liryce kajkawskiej sprzed odrodzenia narodowego – uwagi o repertuarze gatunkowym
Authors: Plejić Poje Lahorka
Published: July 2021

Old Kajkavian literature or, Kajkavian literature before the Croatian National Revival, remains relatively unstudied and poorly integrated into the corpus of Croatian national literature. Its peripheral status is mostly due to the political and national-identity-forming processes occurring since the 1830s where the key role was given to Štokavian literature. When Kajkavian literature was studied, the focus was placed predominantly on the printed books. Unlike pre-Revival Kajkavian prose, where the author was in most cases known and the prose was printed, Kajkavian lyric poetry was chiefly preserved as anonymous and in manuscript form. None of the numerous preserved Kajkavian collections of poems have been published in a critical edition, not even recently. The topic of this paper is Pjesmarica Nikole Šafrana (Nikola Šafran’s Collection of Poems), the largest manuscript collection which, along with several Latin poems, contains more than 180 Kajkavian secular poems. Its large size, a significant number of poems which also appear in other Kajkavian collections, as well as its generic and thematic diversity make this collection representative, and a good subject for a detailed research of both the collection’s generic content and the poetic traits of Kajkavian secular lyric poetry.
Tryb ratyfikacji decyzji Rady Europejskiej (UE, Euratom) 2020/2053 w sprawie systemu zasobów własnych Unii Europejskiej oraz uchylającej decyzję 2014/335/UE, Euratom (Dz.Urz. UE L 424 z 15 grudnia 2020 r.)
Authors: Mik Cezary
Published: July 2021

The author, trying to determine the correct procedure for ratification of Council Decision 2020/2053 on the system of own resources of the European Union, considers this issue from the perspective of Polish and European Union law. In his considerations he also refers to historical arguments. The author concludes that the Council Decision should be ratified according to the procedure set out in Article 89 para. 1 of the Polish Constitution.
Czy zgodnie z Konstytucją RP możliwa jest ratyfikacja decyzji Rady Europejskiej (UE, Euroatom) 2020/2053 z 14 grudnia 2020 r. dotyczącej systemu zasobów własnych Unii Europejskiej bez zgody wyrażonej w ustawie przez Sejm i Senat?
Authors: Zaleśny Jacek
Published: July 2021

The author of the opinion points out that the Council Decision 2020/2053 imposes a significant financial burden on the state and concerns matters regulated by statute or matters for which the Polish Constitution requires a statute, and as such may not be ratified without consent expressed by statute. The ratification of the Decision, due to the fact that through it the competencies of state authorities are transferred to the European Union in certain matters, should be conducted in accordance with Article 90 of the Polish Constitution.
Ocena sprawozdania Komisji Europejskiej: Kontrola stosowania prawa Unii Europejskiej. Sprawozdanie roczne za rok 2019
Authors: Jaśkowski Marek
Published: July 2021

The author points out that, in the light of the information contained in the report, negative developments include the fact that a relatively large number of infringement proceedings are initiated and pending against Poland and that Poland has recently lost a relatively large number of cases in the Court of Justice. On the other hand positive aspects include a significant reduction in the number of proceedings for failure to implement directives in a timely manner and the fact that in the reporting period no judgment was issued against Poland for failure to implement the judgment of the Court of Justice.
Ocena skutków regulacji zawartych w poselskim projekcie ustawy o podatku od niektórych usług cyfrowych i Funduszu Technologii Cyfrowych
Authors: Kulicki Jacek
Published: July 2021

In the opinion of the author, doubts are raised as to the manner of determining the scope of the tax and the tax base by relating these elements of the tax to the so-called significant digital presence of the digital sector enterprise in the territory of Poland. The amount of the tax rate (7%) also raises doubts. The introduction of a tax on certain digital services may also be associated with a decrease in income tax revenues of the state and local government budgets.
Przeprowadzenie wyborów w warunkach epidemii COVID-19 (wniosek ECPRD nr 4586)
Authors: Branna Justyna , Kupis Daniela
Published: July 2021

The authors present information on holding presidential elections in Poland in 2020 in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. They indicate, among other things, what anti-epidemic measures were taken to ensure the protection of life and health of voters, members of election commissions and other participants in the election process. Moreover, they present issues on how to ensure voting for voters under compulsory quarantine or mandatory isolation and indicate voting rules adopted specifically in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and legislative changes made, including amendment to the Electoral Code.
Ocena zgodności z Konstytucją RP przepisów ustawy o samorządzie gminnym dotyczących wydawania przepisów porządkowych
Authors: Gromek Zbigniew
Published: July 2021

In the Sejm’s position on the Leszno City Council’s motion, it has been stated that article 40 para. 3 3 of the Act on Communal Self-government is consistent with the Constitution to the extent in which it allows the issuance of provisions for the maintenance of order only within the scope not regulated in separate acts or other generally binding regulations. The City Council filed the motion in connection with doubts as to whether it is permissible to establish by the council of the commune, by means of issuing provisions for the maintenance of order, a ban on selling psychoactive substances known as boosters. In the Sejm’s opinion, the matter covered by these provisions for the maintenance of order has been regulated by separate acts of law and therefore it is not possible to regulate this matter differently by local law.
Enseñar español en la escuela primaria: autoconfrontación y análisis de la práctica
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández Blanca Araceli
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del trabajo es analizar la práctica de una profesora al enseñar español en una escuela primaria rural mexicana a partir de procesos de autoconfrontación simple. Como herramienta metodológica, esta autoconfrontación permite generar reflexiones desde la propia acción mediante el diálogo y la observación de grabaciones de clase. Con base en las dimensiones para el estudio del trabajo propuestas por el interaccionismo sociodiscursivo, se analizan las relaciones entre el trabajo prescrito, real y representado que la profesora verbaliza en las autoconfrontaciones. Los resultados muestran que las reflexiones giran en torno a cómo relacionar el trabajo prescrito en el currículo con las condiciones reales de su aula. Además, revelan que las prospectivas de la práctica se orientan a mejorar lo observado en las clases. Las conclusiones destacan los retos y las posibilidades de la autoconfrontación al estudio empírico de las prácticas docentes.
Socio-cultural and economic fundamentals of urban tourism
Authors: Bozhko L. , Zaitseva M.
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study. Today, tourism has become a strategic sector of the country’s development, which contributes to social and cultural development, spreads the welfare and level of the population and promotes the country on the world market, as well as increases its economic value.
Urban tourism can play a vital role in rebuilding cities and promoting areas. This article discusses the importance of urban tourism, its impact on economic development and the country’s image, taking into account socio-cultural and economic aspects. The development of urban tourism will significantly contribute to the improvement of urban feeling, the correctness of the city’s image and new investments and employment opportunities. And most importantly, tourism depends on the great efforts of the local community and tourism investors, which are associated with the development of tourism infrastructure.
The aim of the article is to study the socio-cultural and economic foundations of urban tourism.
The methodology. The method of scientific modelling was used in the research process.
The results. In modern society, urban tourism has become one of the fastest growing segments of travel around the world due to the growing interest in cultural resources and heritage, as well as urban renewal, image growth and attractiveness of territories and economic benefits for local communities. The trend of urban tourism, of course, will continue to grow. There is a sufficient level of interaction between visitors and residents, which has a positive perception of tourism and takes into account both economic and social and cultural aspects. Residents are an important part of the cultural phenomenon of urban life and a key part of the success of tourism. Exploring the relationship between tourism and urban areas, it is necessary to distinguish between primary, secondary and additional elements of tourist resources of the city, which are very important for the success of urban tourism and the attractiveness of visitors. The mass tourism sector extends to all boundaries of the infrastructure that support it. Thus, there is an intensive interaction between tourists and the host. This affects the perception of the community and residents about the socio-cultural and economic consequences. The local population plays a fundamental role, while being an integral part of tourist offers. The local community is a key element of tourism, without its support it is difficult for businesses to be sustainable. In addition, the host community influences the development process in the tourism direction. Thus, entrepreneurial success, although it depends on attractions and services, also depends on the residents.
The scientific topicality. Consideration of the socio-cultural and economic aspects of tourism in close connection and benefits of tourism for urban communities and local people
The practical significance. The materials of this article can be used to develop regional development programs or strategies for the development of cities and regions.
Implementation of media education and media literacy in the modern education system of Ukraine
Authors: Subota E.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to substantiate the prospects for the implementation of media education and media literacy in the modern Ukrainian education system. The article examines the domestic experience of implementing media into the education system, the particular features of the formation of media literacy in the students learning in higher education institutions of Ukraine. The term “media education” is defined as the process of personal development with assistance and on the material of the mass media samples resulting in shaping media literacy.
The relevance of the problem of introduction of media education and media literacy in the education sphere prompts the need to introduce the additions to the academic plan that would present relevant components that refer to the development of students’ readiness for full interaction with the modern media system and media technologies usage.
The methodology. In the research, we applied such methods of scientific cognition as analysis, synthesis as well as statistical and descriptive methods. We also applied analytical methods of generalizing various scientific concepts presented by experts in media education, media literacy and media competence. It is mandatory that the introduction of lectures, relevant courses and seminars, discussion clubs for students, conferences and “round tables” on media education, and conducting various cultural and educational activities for the population on the discussed subject should be actively promoted.
The results. The specific needs and priorities of media education development have been determined in regard to the European values implying counteracting information threats from external sources. The introduction of media education in higher education institutions should become a crucial component of wise state policy. The relevance of media literacy as one of the main priorities of the state educational policy in students’ education at the present stage has been defined and proved.
The topicality of this work lies in the generalization of a comprehensive strategy for the development of media education and media literacy in primary and secondary schools, in higher education institutions and public organizations.
The practical significance of this study is development of theory and improvement of the strategy of media education and media literacy in higher education.
Evolutionary processes in the modern cultural space of the region
Authors: Vytkalov S.
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the issue lies in revealing the role of regions in modern cultural practice, because in those regions many interesting artifacts are concentrated and many initiatives are born, the implementation of which helps them gradually come to the forefront of cultural practice of the state.
The methodology. A biographical method was applied, with the help of which it was possible to reconstruct the origins and cultural potential of Rivne conductor H. Fiskov and to reveal his potential opportunities in art. The method of content analysis helped to compare the available information with the reaction of public to the concerts held in the city and to clarify the role of the chamber orchestra “Brevis” in the system of cultural services for the local population. The historical method was used during the correlation of information about the development of creativity (composition and translations of popular world’s hits) for the existing orchestra of H. Fiskov. And all this helped to create a specific creative portrait of a regional musician who is able to respond to modern challenges.
The scientific topicality. The cultural potential of the region is revealed through the prism of artistic and organizational-cultural activity of Rivne instrumental conductor and teacher H. Fiskov, his potential creative characteristics are analyzed, the main parameters of which allow the artist to actively position himself in the space of modern art culture. Referring to the creative potential of the artist, changes for the better in this situation in the region are predicted due to the need to create a number of organizational structures, which will help normalize the existing artistic life, give it significant professionalism and thus significantly affect the level of artistic culture of the local population.
The practical significance of the study is to share this information among the artists from other regions of the country, an attempt to change the existing potential of artistic groups in the regions, subordinating it to general issues of state or regional cultural policy.
Artistic reconstruction of the folklore text in the works of Yu. Illienko (on the example of a film-apologue “A well for the thirsty ones”)
Authors: Breslavets G.
Published: July 2021

The topicality. The factors that influence the disclosure nature of the director’s and composer’s creative concept are the leading artistic polystylistic tendencies — stylistic layers and trailblazing experiments in the formation of sound-timbre and visualized combinations, where ancient intonations together with modern sound formation and video performance create new sound and performance realities.
The purpose. To determine the role of artistic reconstruction of the folklore text and the specifics of their artistic embodiment in the film parable “A well for the thirsty ones” by the popular Ukrainian film director Yu. Illienko; to determine the specifics of the embodiment of the signs of cultural codes in the musical-sound score of the film by composer L. Hrabovskyi.
The methodology. The culturological approach applied in revealing the issues of the article made it possible to consider the peculiarities of the drama and musical-sound score of Yu. Illienko’s film “A well for the thirsty ones” in a broad cultural context. The interpretive approach helped to highlight the importance of cultural codes of the folklore text, the specifics of their embodiment in the director’s idea through the artistic reconstruction of the folklore text.
The results. Yu. Illienko and L. Hrabovskyi, addressing the folk song tradition, create a new intonation world, embodied in separate “emergings” of female solo singing (verses of the ballad one by one are strung like beads throughout the picture), in lamentations, in incantations, in children’s amusements when playing on pots, that intersperse with a general, very concise and minimalist sound score of the film. The characteristic and figural semantics of the musical-sound background of the film is saturated with active rhythmics, complex sound palette of combination of electronic sounds with natural ones, which demonstrates the author’s (at the choice of director and composer) special sound complex. Folklore texts in the film create a single hypertext, which is manifested at the appropriate levels — auditory, visual and dramatic.
The novelty. The article considers for the first time the specifics of the embodiment of artistic reconstruction of a folklore text as the basis of the drama of Yu. Illienko’s film “A well for the thirsty ones” and defines sense forming and semantic role of the embodiment of the cultural codes signs in the musical-sound score of the film by composer L. Hrabovskyi.
The practical significance. The artistic reconstruction of the folklore text in the film is based on the introduction of polystylistic tendencies and features of sound (timbre) thinking into the cinematographic process. Prospects for further study of this issue is the study of modern manifestations of artistic reconstruction of the folklore text, the processes of formation of semiotic space both in cinema and in culture in general.
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Mali 1995–1996
Authors:   Population Council
Published: July 2021

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Mali Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Rwanda 1992
Authors:   Population Council
Published: July 2021

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Tanzania 1999
Authors:   Population Council
Published: July 2021

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Turkey 1993
Authors:   Population Council
Published: July 2021

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Turkey Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Zambia 1996
Authors:   Population Council
Published: July 2021

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Zambia Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Zimbabwe 1994
Authors:   Population Council
Published: July 2021

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.
Loss of effectiveness of stem rust resistance genes Sr25 and Sr6Agi in the Lower Volga region
Authors: Baranova* O. A. , Sibikeev S. N. , Druzhin A. E. , Sozina I. D.
Published: July 2021

Wheat is one of the most important food crops in Russia. Rust diseases (leaf, yellow and stem rusts) are particularly dangerous diseases of wheat that threaten food security. The stem rust (the causative agent is a biotrophic fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) is the most damaging; crop losses can reach 50 to 80% and more. The paper presents the results of the analysis of resistance to stem rust of 189 introgressive lines of spring soft wheat breeding ARISER and 11 varieties cultivated in the Lower Volga region in the growing season 2016-2020. The results of phytopathological assessment of virulence of Saratov pathogen population 2016-2020 are also presented. It is shown that Sr13, Sr26, Sr31, Sr35 and combinations of Sr24+31, Sr36+31 and Sr26+9g genes are effective for Saratov populations of P. graminis 2016 - 2020. No isolates virulent to the line with the Sr31 gene have been identified in all years of research. Analysis of resistance in wheat varieties and lines showed a loss of Sr6Agi gene efficacy from 2016 and a gradual loss of Sr25 efficacy by 2020. In 2020, varieties carrying the Sr25 gene (Lebedushka and Dobrynya) and lines with this gene affected the Saratov population of stem rust, both under laboratory conditions and in the field on a natural infection background. In the analyzed 189 introgressed lines, Sr25/Lr19 (77.2%) and Sr31/Lr26 (22.2%) genes were mainly identified, Sr22, Sr35, Sr28, Sr38/Lr37 and Sr57/Lr34 genes were also identified. Fifty lines carrying the combination of Sr31 with Sr25/Lr19 and Sr6Agi have been identified as highly resistant to stem rust. Thus, it was shown that Sr31 gene was effective against P. graminis populations in Volga region, while Sr6Agi and Sr25 genes lost their effectiveness in Volga region.