bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSCIÊNCIA IMAGINANTE E ANALOGON: O LUGAR DO OBJETO ESTÉTICO NA OBRA DE SARTRE
Authors: Alves Igor Silva
Published: May 2020

Busca-se aqui delinear o lugar do objeto estético na obra de Sartre, compreendendo a especificidade da consciência diante desse objeto. Para tanto, acompanha-se as reflexões do autor em sua obra O imaginário, mostrando a separação da consciência realizante da consciência imaginante, e como somente para esta o objeto estético pode se dar como tal.
ELOGIO DO INACABADO: DA FENOMENOLOGIA À FILOSOFIA DA ALTERIDADE
Authors: Junior Nilo Ribeiro
Published: May 2020

RESUMO O artigo visa a debruçar-se sobre a Existência humana pensada à luz do impacto e o alcance da viragem fenômeno-ontológica da filosofia praticada por Husserl e Heidegger, embora o pensamento desses autores apareça de modo evocativo e implícito em nossa reflexão. A ênfase fica por conta da associação entre o caráter ético-poético da vida e os novos rumos que a fenomenologia tem assumido nas últimas décadas, sobretudo tendo presente a fecundidade do pensamento dos filósofos franceses como Emmanuel Lévinas, Michel Henry, Jean-Luc Marion e Jean-Luc Nancy. Trata-se de propor uma interface entre a maneira como o sentido da ação humana aparece atado à existência vivida que segundo o pensamento encarnado, não dissocia da experiência do corpo e da carnalidade originárias como lugar da transcendência. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Fenomenologia. Existência. Ética. Poética. Carne e corpo.
O FENÔMENO DA AUSÊNCIA NA DESCONSTRUÇÃO DERRIDIANA DA PINTURA
Authors: Gontijo Rozângela
Published: May 2020

RESUMOJacques Derrida foi um dos mais influentes herdeiros da fenomenologia de Husserl. Suas obras encontram adeptos em várias áreas que vão desde a filosofia, literatura até as artes em geral. Diante desse legado fenomenológico e disseminação do seu pensamento, este artigo pretende destacar, em primeiro lugar, a colisão de dois interesses fundamentais em suas obras: a crítica à metafísica da presença e o papel relevante da escrita. Na obra “La voix et le phénomène”, Derrida radicaliza a fenomenologia e desestabiliza argumentos ingênuos.  Num esforço de compreensão de alguns de seus quase conceitos, pretende-se, em segundo lugar, analisar a aplicação da desconstrução em alguns trechos do texto “La vérité en pointure: Restitutions”, no intuito de apresentar a importância do fenômeno da ausência na desconstrução da pintura. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fenomenologia. Desconstrução. Pintura. Ausência. Escrita.
A FILOSOFIA DA EXISTÊNCIA E A ENCARNAÇÃO COMO MISTÉRIO NOS PRIMEIROS TRABALHOS DE MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY
Authors: Marques Paulo Pimenta
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Este artigo mostra que a filosofia da existência do período inicial da obra de Merleau-Ponty revela uma problemática da encarnação e do mistério que visa a abertura da filosofia. Tal problemática assumirá transformações que resultarão, gradativamente, numa problemática da carne no debate ontológico do período final. Além das duas grandes obras do período inicial e algumas do período final, dar-se-á atenção especial a textos pouco conhecidos, tanto anteriores como imediatamente posteriores àquelas. Sempre em confronto com a Sexta Meditação metafísica, Merleau-Ponty elabora seu projeto intelectual através do exame do problema das relações entre a alma e o corpo, utilizando uma hermenêutica própria. O autor assume a “confusão” deixada de lado por Descartes, a qual foi revelada precisamente pela mistura da alma e do corpo. Tal perspectiva conduz à elaboração de uma nova questão que explicite a negligência da filosofia. Isto é, o idealismo cartesiano e kantiano destitui a realidade da verdade, a vida do pensamento e o existente do ser. Essa situação revela a necessidade de uma reforma da filosofia para instalá-la num território próprio, o terreno confuso da existência. E é assim que para explorar esse terreno indistinto ela deverá se fazer fenomenologia. Todavia, antes disso, através da perspectiva da filosofia da existência e da encarnação de Gabriel Marcel, Merleau-Ponty forja suas primeiras investidas contra a ontologia cartesiana do objeto. A problemática marceliana da encarnação – e sua afirmação central, “sou meu corpo” -, o orienta para uma reabilitação ontológica da experiência sensível. A variante epistemológica dessa mesma problemática, a noção de mistério, lança a encarnação contra a contemplação intelectualista, constitutiva do objetivismo. O autor radicaliza e aprofunda a originalidade de Marcel. A partir do corpo próprio, a existência como encarnação torna-se arquétipo de todo mistério enquanto sensível segundo a articulação passivo-ativo. O tema da encarnação passa a integrar toda obra do autor, alterando profundamente seu modo de filosofar.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Filosofia. Existência. Encarnação. Mistura. Mistério. Abertura.
A FENOMENOLOGIA COMO AVALIAÇÃO ESTÉTICA DA FOTOGRAFIA
Authors: Pozza Gustavo Luiz
Published: May 2020

RESUMOTendo como objetivo a avaliação das relações entre a estética e a fotografia, devido à singularidade desse meio entre as representações visuais, procura-se compreender o processo de apreciação estética da imagem através da fenomenologia. Podendo ser tomada tanto como obra de arte, quanto como um meio de comunicação, a fotografia se apresenta culturalmente em escala significativa, de maneira a que sua popularização a coloca constantemente em posição de avaliação e apreciação pelo espectador. Sua dependência a elementos existentes e, portanto, fotografáveis, também proporciona uma investigação com relação ao processo de captura como uma redução visual proposta pelo fotógrafo no instante em que atua. Assim, a construção do objeto estético pela obra fotográfica e a apreciação desse objeto pelo espectador demandam uma concepção e discussão melhor examinadas.  A partir da compreensão dos mecanismos da comunicação visual, das propostas da filosofia fenomenológica e da possibilidade de avaliação estética da arte, foi possível obter dados relevantes tanto para o entendimento da percepção imagética pelo espectador quanto para um posicionamento crítico frente à arte. Esse enfoque teve como resultado a aplicação de uma metodologia de avaliação estética que permite ao espectador compreender, perceber, analisar e avaliar a obra de arte fotográfica. A obra avaliada por essa metodologia pode, dessa forma, ser dividida em conceitos constitutivos que, pelo viés fenomenológico, a permitem ser investigada de maneira a, subjetivamente, descrever a percepção do espectador e a influência dos elementos da linguagem visual na construção do discurso.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fotografia. Arte. Estética. Fenomenologia. Percepção.
KIERKEGAARD ENTRE A EXISTÊNCIA E O NIILISMO
Authors: Vargas Jean dos Santos
Published: May 2020

RESUMOConsiderando as noções de existência e niilismo, o presente artigo pretende mostrar como essas temáticas estão conectadas no pensamento de Soren Kierkegaard. A ideia central consiste em argumentar que o caminho que passa do niilismo para a fé é o da existência e este ponto é imprescindível para tornar-se livre. Este artigo também tem como objetivo apontar para as relações entre a filosofia da existência de Kierkegaard e seu legado com o existencialismo e o niilismo, tais como emergem nas décadas subsequentes. Para tanto, será necessário travar algumas digressões em torno da fortuna crítica de Kierkegaard e cotejá-las com as suas intenções na primeira metade do século XIX. A ideia consiste em mostrar como a emergência do niilismo e a reflexão sobre a existência estão contrapostas ao cenário da religiosidade cristã.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Existência. Existencialismo. Humanismo. Niilismo. Liberdade.
O EVENTO HUMANO: A OBLITERAÇÃO DO PROCESSO HOMINIZANTE EM SCHELER
Authors: Azevedo Denis de Souza
Published: May 2020

O filósofo alemão Max Scheler elabora seu pensamento na tentativa de formular um conceito de “homem” com o qual possa aprofundar sua espiritualidade. Em outros termos, Scheler quer dar ao homem o estatuto de relação primária com Deus. Sendo assim, este pensador, com a pretensão de fazer uma antropologia filosófica, acaba caindo em uma espécie de teologia antropológica, uma vez que o homem é um centro espiritual. O espírito, por sua vez, foge às “intempéries” do mundo orgânico, tornando o homem um asceta da vida. Dessa forma, a antropologia filosófica de Scheler é uma tentativa de definir o homem como um movimento em busca da sua própria divinização. Esta filosofia, que ora se pretende antropológica, ora espiritual, não leva a cabo a tarefa de explicar a hominização. O processo hominizante é obscurecido pela “positivação” de uma forma humana ou de uma forma animal já estabelecidas. Em outras palavras, Scheler trata o animal como um centro biológico aqui-e-agora e o homem como um ser espiritual, sem demonstrar a superação, pelo homem, da animalidade requerida por uma antropologia. Isso exposto, nosso artigo tem o objetivo de mostrar a negligência scheleriana quanto a uma antropologia filosófica frente a uma filosofia espiritualista. Para tal superação, focaremos na fenomenologia merleau-pontyana e do filósofo Étienne Bimbenet.
À SOMBRA DA RUPTURA: NIILISMO ÉTICO E FILOSOFIA NA ERA DAS INCERTEZAS
Authors: Oliveira Cláudia Maria Rocha de
Published: May 2020

Inspirando-me em Hegel, minha proposta aqui não é oferecer soluções consoladoras para o niilismo. Pensar dialeticamente é reconhecer que a verdade do ser é alcançada através da mediação do negativo. O que proponho, então, é contemplá-lo de frente, demorar-me nele. Isso não significa que eu me identifique com o niilismo ou que eu seja niilista. Mas ao reconhecer a força assustadora do negativo presente em nossa cultura, reconheço a necessidade de mergulhar nela e tentar compreendê-la.
DRAMA E PENSAMENTO EM GABRIEL MARCEL
Authors: Silva Claudinei Aparecido de Freitas da
Published: May 2020

Em versão de Gabriel Marcel, drama e pensamento se confundem como duas criações inseparáveis, ou seja, como dois gestos profundamente recíprocos.  É revisitando essa aliança indissolúvel que, após várias décadas, publicações de alto nível começam a circular não só junto à comunidade filosófica, stricto sensu, mas a um meio cultural bem diversificado. Exemplo disso é o texto de VERDURE-MARY, Anne. Drame et pensée: la place du théâtre dans l’œuvre de Gabriel Marcel. Paris: Honoré Champion, 2015, 520p [Collection Poétiques et esthétiques XXe-XXIe siècle, n° 19].
WALTER BENJAMIN: HISTÓRIA E DIALÉTICA
Authors: Salles Vanessa Madrona Moreira
Published: May 2020

Publicada em 2015, a coletânea intitulada “Walter Benjamin. Experiência histórica e imagens dialéticas” destaca-se por nos apresentar uma grande diversidade de temas que se relacionam com conceitos benjaminianos, nos ensaios elaborados por pesquisadores provenientes de diversas áreas do conhecimento.MACHADO, Carlos Eduardo Jordão; MACHADO JR., Rubens; VEDDA, Miguel (orgs.). Walter Benjamin. Experiência histórica e imagens dialéticas. São Paulo: Editora UNESP, 2015, 455 p.
A Review of COVID-19 in Children
Authors: Khoshnevisasl Parisa , Sadeghzadeh Mansour , Sadeghzadeh Sara
Published: May 2020

: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, global concern emerged inspiring scientists to dedicate more attention to this pandemic. The disease caused by a novel coronavirus requires urgent striking action to probe the disease phases and find a proper cure. In this regard, the necessity of brief and thorough explanations comes into view. In this study, we gathered useful information about the virology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment with special consideration of pediatric patients. This review article helps medical caregivers to receive a quick and effective approach to deal with this disease in their practice.
Nine new species and new records of euryglossiform Scrapter Lepeletier & Serville (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) from South Africa
Authors: Kuhlmann Michael , Friehs Thyra
Published: May 2020

Nine new species of the South African endemic group of euryglossiform bees of the genus Scrapter Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 are described, thus bringing the total number of species to 29 in this species-group: Scrapter avontuurensis Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀, S. bokkeveldensis Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀, S. fynbosensis Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀, S. hergi Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♂, S. keiskiensis Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀, S. mellonholgeri Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀♂, S. nitens Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀, S. oubergensis Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♀ and S. willemstrydomi Kuhlmann sp. nov. ♂. The new replacement name S. punctulatus nom. nov. is proposed for S. punctatus Kuhlmann, 2014 which is a junior primary homonym of S. punctatus Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825 (= Allodape punctata [Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825]). Moreover, new records for already described taxa are presented and an updated key to all species of euryglossiform Scrapter is provided.
Optimum Induction Chemotherapy for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Experience From A Developing Country
Authors: Ghafoor Tariq , Ahmed Shakeel , Khalil Sumaira , Farah Tanzeela
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVES

Treatment outcome in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has improved in the developed world but remains poor in developing countries. We assessed the role of etoposide in induction chemotherapy in pediatric AML.

METHODS

This analysis retrospectively compared 2 induction chemotherapy regimens consisting of daunorubicin and cytarabine with etoposide (ADE) and without etoposide (AD). All newly diagnosed cases of AML younger than 18 years from January 1, 2012, onwards who completed their treatment before January 31, 2019, were included. Data of 186 cases, including 117 males (62.9%) and 69 females (37.1%), were analyzed. Demographic, initial presentation blood counts, and AML subtypes were almost identical in both groups.

RESULTS

Complete remission rates were almost identical for the ADE versus the AD group (78.8% vs 80.0%, p = 0.980). Treatment-related mortality was higher, albeit not significantly, in the ADE (25 of 105; 23.8%) versus the AD (16 of 81; 19.8%) group (p = 0.508). Overall survival was 32 of 105 (30.5%) in the ADE and 43 of 81 (53.1%) in the AD group (p = 0.079), and disease-free survival was 29 of 105 (27.6%) and 39 of 81 (48.1%) in ADE and AD groups (p = 0.056), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Etoposide in induction treatment of pediatric AML is associated with increased episodes of bacterial and fungal infections and high treatment-related mortality. Moreover, it does not offer any survival benefit. In low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan, it should not be used in the induction treatment protocol.
Persistent Hypersomnolence Following Clobazam in a Child With Epilepsy and Undiagnosed CYP2C19 Polymorphism
Authors: Hamilton Katherine E. , Shelton Chasity M. , Wheless James , Phelps Stephanie J.
Published: May 2020

We describe an 11-year-old female who presented with severe hypersomnolence after receiving 1 week of modest doses of clobazam (CLB). In reviewing the above case, we considered that the hypersomnolence could be related to a pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, or pharmacogenomic issue associated with CLB or to a combination of these factors. Although serum concentrations of CLB and its active metabolite are sensitive to factors that affect cytochrome-dependent metabolism, drug-drug interactions were omitted as a cause of the hypersomnolence. Subsequent DNA analysis of the cytochrome P450 2C19 gene revealed the patient as *2/*2 genotype with poor metabolizer enzyme activity. Because genetic testing of all patients treated with CLB is currently not practical, CLB dose/concentration ratios and pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction impact models may be indicated. Genetic testing should be considered when an adverse effect suggests the possibility of a polymorphism important to drug metabolism.
Ceftaroline Cerebrospinal Fluid Penetration in the Treatment of a Ventriculopleural Shunt Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Cies Jeffrey J. , Moore Wayne S. , Enache Adela , Chopra Arun
Published: May 2020

Pharmacokinetic data regarding ceftaroline fosamil (CPT) penetration into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are limited to a rabbit model (15% inflamed) and adult case reports. We describe serum and CSF CPT concentrations in a 21-year-old, 34.8 kg female, medically complex patient presented with a 4-day history of fevers (Tmax 39.2°C), tachypnea, tachycardia, fatigue, and a 1-week history of pus and blood draining from the ventriculopleural (VPL) shunt. A head CT and an ultrasound of the neck revealed septated complex fluid collection surrounding the shunt. Therapy was initiated with vancomycin and ceftriaxone. Blood and CSF cultures from hospital day (HD) 1 were positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a CPT MIC of 0.5 mg/L and a vancomycin MIC range of 0.5 to 1 mg/L. On HD 3, CPT was added. On HD 7, simultaneous serum (69.4, 44, and 30.2 mg/L) and CSF (1.7, 2.3, and 2.3 mg/L) concentrations were obtained at 0.25, 1.5, and 4.75 hours from the end of an infusion. Based on these concentrations, CPT CSF penetration ratio ranged from 2.4% to 7.6%. After addition of CPT, the blood and CSF cultures remained negative on a regimen of vancomycin plus CPT. On HD 14, a new left-sided VPL shunt was placed. The patient continued on CPT for a period of 7 days after the new VPL shunt placement. This case demonstrated CPT CSF penetration in a range of 2.4% to 7.6%, approximately half of the rabbit model. This allowed for CSF concentrations at least 50% free time > 4 to 6× MIC of the dosing interval with a dosing regimen of 600 mg IV every 8 hours in a 34.8 kg chronic patient and resulted in a successful clinical outcome with no identified adverse outcomes.
Surgimiento y expansión de los “Death-Seekers”
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano E.
Published: May 2020

En el presente artículo discutimos críticamente el fin de la sociedad del riesgo como modelo analítico para sentar las bases que nos permitan comprender los cambios recientes en materia de cultura, política y economía. La sociedad del riesgo tal y como fue imaginada por Beck, Giddens y los sociólogos postmodernos ha desaparecido, dando lugar a una nueva y más refinada versión, el capitalismo mortuorio. A diferencia del riesgo (,) que ponía a los ciudadanos en igualdad de condiciones, en el capitalismo mortuorio el valor cultural fundacional es el sufrimiento de otros como condición para maximizar el placer. El terrorismo, en este contexto, provee la materia prima esencial al sistema y crea una situación paradojal (,) ya que las audiencias globales se consternan con las imágenes que invaden sus hogares sobre guerras civiles, ataques terroristas y miseria en todo el mundo, pero adictivamente no pueden resistirse a seguir consumiéndolas.Moved by the goal of paving the ways of a new theory which would be helpful to expand the current borders of modernity, we discuss critically the end of the risk society. As it was formulated by Beck, Giddens and other senior sociologists, the theory of risk theory has gone forever, resulting a more refined version of global capitalism, we have dubbed as Thana Capitalism. Unlike what Beck noted, that risk equaled the levels and status of citizens, in Thana Capitalism the suffering of others (death) is commoditized as the mainstream cultural value. This not only seems to be the key factor towards pleasure maximization, but terrorism in this context provide with the necessary commodity in order for productive system to be buttressed. However, it creates a paradoxical situation simply because while global audiences are terrorized by the media coverage or the rise of radical groups, they cannot stop consuming death-related news.
The Exoscope versus operating microscope in microvascular surgery: A simulation non-inferiority trial
Authors: Pafitanis Georgios , Hadjiandreou Michalis , Alamri Alexander , Uff Christopher , Walsh Daniel , Myers Simon
Published: May 2020

Background The Exoscope is a novel high-definition digital camera system. There is limited evidence signifying the use of exoscopic devices in microsurgery. This trial objectively assesses the effects of the use of the Exoscope as an alternative to the standard operating microscope (OM) on the performance of experts in a simulated microvascular anastomosis.

Methods Modus V Exoscope and OM were used by expert microsurgeons to perform standardized tasks. Hand-motion analyzer measured the total pathlength (TP), total movements (TM), total time (TT), and quality of end-product anastomosis. A clinical margin of TT was performed to prove non-inferiority. An expert performed consecutive microvascular anastomoses to provide the exoscopic learning curve until reached plateau in TT.

Results Ten micro sutures and 10 anastomoses were performed. Analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in performing micro sutures for TP, TM, and TT. There was statistical significance in TM and TT, however, marginal non-significant difference in TP regarding microvascular anastomoses performance. The intimal suture line analysis demonstrated no statistically significant differences. Non-inferiority results based on clinical inferiority margin (Δ) of TT=10 minutes demonstrated an absolute difference of 0.07 minutes between OM and Exoscope cohorts. A 51%, 58%, and 46% improvement or reduction was achieved in TT, TM, TP, respectively, during the exoscopic microvascular anastomosis learning curve.

Conclusions This study demonstrated that experts’ Exoscope anastomoses appear non-inferior to the OM anastomoses. Exoscopic microvascular anastomosis was more time consuming but end-product (patency) in not clinically inferior. Experts’ “warm-up” learning curve is steep but swift and may prove to reach clinical equality.
BellaGel breast implant: 6-Year results of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Oh Joon Seok , Jeong Jae Hoon , Myung Yujin , Oh Jeongseok , Kang Shin Hyeok , Park Eonju , Kim Ara , Bang Sa Ik , Heo Chan Yeong
Published: May 2020

Background This is the first clinical study conducted among Asian women using breast implants manufactured by an Asian company. Four-year data regarding the safety and efficacy of BellaGel breast implants have already been published, and we now report 6-year data.

Methods This study was designed to take place over 10 years. It included 103 patients who underwent breast reconstruction or augmentation using BellaGel breast implants. The rates of implant rupture and capsular contracture were measured and analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the breast implant.

Results At patients’ 6-year postoperative visits, the implant rupture and capsular contracture rates were 1.15% and 2.30%, respectively. The implant rupture rate was 3.77% among reconstruction cases and 0% among augmentation cases. The capsular contracture rate was 5.66% among reconstruction cases and 0.83% among augmentation cases.

Conclusions The 6-year data from this planned 10-year study suggest that the BellaGel cohesive silicone gel-filled breast implant is an effective and safe medical device that can be used in breast reconstruction and augmentation.
Patterns of wrist cutting: A retrospective analysis of 115 suicide attempts
Authors: Cho Jakwang , Choi Youngwoong
Published: May 2020

Background Rosenthal et al. classified female, habitual, non-suicidal wrist cutters as a group and introduced the concept of wrist-cutting syndrome. We investigated the characteristics of wrist-cutting patients at our institution in comparison with results reported previously.

Methods We conducted a retrospective study involving 115 patients who had cut their wrists and been examined at the emergency department of a single hospital in Seoul, Korea, between March 2014 and August 2018.

Results There were more women (73 patients; 63.5%) than men (42 patients; 36.5%), and the women (mean age, 34.42 years) were significantly younger than the men (mean age, 50.07 years). The patients who had cut their wrists repeatedly were mainly women (22 of 26 patients; 84.6%); however, men caused more severe damage than women. Substance use before a suicide attempt did not significantly increase the severity of wrist cutting. Our institution planned and implemented a suicide prevention intervention program to improve the continuity of outpatient care. The number of patients who continued psychiatric treatment increased significantly after program completion.

Conclusions We confirmed that most patients were young women who were not suicidal in the true sense because their wounds were not severe. Our study showed a protective role of the barrier tendons (flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris), and we suggest careful repair of the barrier tendons to protect neurovascular structures against subsequent cutting events. We found that it was possible to improve the continuity of patient counseling by managing patients through a psychiatric treatment program.
Lugar Sagrado: A Sacred Place
Authors: Vogt Bennett
Published: May 2020

The intent of publishing is to share my work of fiction about a young boy facing both his own and his mother’s mortality in the context of a chronic illness. The piece was originally created for a creative writing course, but was never published, and has been edited since into its current form.
Mijo
Authors: Rodriguez Cesar
Published: May 2020

A reflective writing piece from a memorable experience during the first year of medical school.
Little Brown Bird
Authors: Morss-Walton Peyton
Published: May 2020

A personal essay reflecting on patient care and loss in medical school.
Lou Andreas-Salomé, The Audacity to be Free
Authors: McAndrew Michael
Published: May 2020

The tug of war between love and logic in the discipline of psychoanalysis is nearly as old as the Freudian field itself; and is still heard today in the utterances of our analysands. “I love him, but I know he’s no good for me”. “Then why did you go back to him?” “...good question”. This question of love and its logics are at the heart of writer and director Cordula Kablit-Post’s 2016 film Lou Andreas-Salome: The Audacity to be Free.
Adaptive divergence for rapid adversarial optimization
Authors: Borisyak Maxim , Gaintseva Tatiana , Ustyuzhanin Andrey
Published: May 2020

Adversarial Optimization provides a reliable, practical way to match two implicitly defined distributions, one of which is typically represented by a sample of real data, and the other is represented by a parameterized generator. Matching of the distributions is achieved by minimizing a divergence between these distribution, and estimation of the divergence involves a secondary optimization task, which, typically, requires training a model to discriminate between these distributions. The choice of the model has its trade-off: high-capacity models provide good estimations of the divergence, but, generally, require large sample sizes to be properly trained. In contrast, low-capacity models tend to require fewer samples for training; however, they might provide biased estimations. Computational costs of Adversarial Optimization becomes significant when sampling from the generator is expensive. One of the practical examples of such settings is fine-tuning parameters of complex computer simulations. In this work, we introduce a novel family of divergences that enables faster optimization convergence measured by the number of samples drawn from the generator. The variation of the underlying discriminator model capacity during optimization leads to a significant speed-up. The proposed divergence family suggests using low-capacity models to compare distant distributions (typically, at early optimization steps), and the capacity gradually grows as the distributions become closer to each other. Thus, it allows for a significant acceleration of the initial stages of optimization. This acceleration was demonstrated on two fine-tuning problems involving Pythia event generator and two of the most popular black-box optimization algorithms: Bayesian Optimization and Variational Optimization. Experiments show that, given the same budget, adaptive divergences yield results up to an order of magnitude closer to the optimum than Jensen-Shannon divergence. While we consider physics-related simulations, adaptive divergences can be applied to any stochastic simulation.
Determinants of Intrauterine Fetal Death among Unbooked Paturients at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Kasso Terhemen , Alegbeleye Justina Omoikhefe , Jeremiah Israel
Published: May 2020

Background: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is one of the most important problem in reproductive health, especially in developing countries. Unbooked pregnant women are more likely to suffer IUFD.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of intrauterine fetal death among unbooked paturients at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.                               

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 344 unbooked women with intrauterine fetal death who presented at the labour ward of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015. Data was obtained from their case / theater records and ward registers, encoded into a spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results were presented as means, rates and proportions. Associations between variables were assessed using students t-test and Pearson’s correlation. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.

Results: There were 12,421 deliveries during the study period: 10,136 (81.6%) received antenatal care while 2,285 (18.4%) did not. There was a total of 1,313 perinatal deaths, giving a perinatal mortality rate of 60.9/1000 births in unbooked patients and 18.4/1000 births in booked patients     (P <0.01). Majority 149 (43.3%) of the IUFD occurred below 37 weeks and 123 (35.8%) at term. IUFD occurred prior to presentation in 320 (93%), of which most were referred from traditional birth attendants and religious institutions. Hypertensive disorders, abruptio placentae, obstructed labour, prolonged pregnancy, and prolonged rupture of membranes were the most common complications associated with IUFD.

Conclusion: Pregnant women should be encouraged to register for antenatal care and deliver in health facilities with skilled attendants.
Effect of Hormone and Ripening Agent on Mass Transfer of Pineapple
Authors: Hossain Md. Mobarak , Hossain Md. Tanjil , Jony Md. Entaduzzaman , Islam Md. Nazrul
Published: May 2020

The study aimed at establishing the effect of hormone and ripening agent on mass transfer as well as to find the effect of solution type and fruit to solution ratio for mass transfer of pineapple. Two types of pineapple, organic pineapple and GRM pineapple (pineapple cultivated with growth regulator and medicine) were collected and sliced into 8mm thickness. The slices were immersed in 60% sugar, 55/5% sugar-salt mixture solution for different periods of time at three different fruit to solution ratio (1:6, 1:8 and 1:10) and mass transfer coefficient were determined from the data. Results indicated that for organic pineapple mass transfer coefficient was higher than GRM pineapple (0.1583/min1/2 vs. 0.1502/min1/2). Again, for 55/5% sugar-salt mixture solution, mass transfer coefficient was higher than 60% sugar solution. Maximum rate of mass transfer (0.2281/min1/2) was determined at 1:6 fruit to solution ratio and minimum (0.1504/min1/2) was at 1:10 fruit to solution ratio for GRM pineapple.
Perception of Biophysical Stresses Confronted by the Farm Women: The Socio-economic and Ecological Interpretation
Authors: Chatterjee Riti , Acharya Sankar Kumar
Published: May 2020

The impact of the green revolution in India has got a dichotomy of both achievements as well as failure. The four pillars of green revolution have contributed to accentuating the productivity level from 55 MT to 120 MT, on the other hand, the fall out of green revolution started eliciting the pernicious effect by increasing heavy metal load in the food chain, drifting of manual labours off the field and the creation of chasms between marginal and rich farmers. The worst victim of these is farm women. A study was conducted with objectives to generate classified information on the occupational hazards of farm women. A study was carried out at Boinchigram village under Pandua Block in Hooghly district of West Bengal with one hundred twenty farm women as respondents. Family income, B.M.I., functional literacy, total calorie consumption used etc variables were taken for collecting data. Farm women are mainly suffering from fever, stomach problems, skin abnormalities, weakness, gynaecological problems, respiratory hazards, kidney malfunction, spinning head, increased heartbeat etc. Total calorie consumed per day and family income plays an important role in this. So, both preventive and curative measures should be taken immediately, otherwise, it will affect the future workforce of Agriculture.
Enhancing and Conservation of Ecosystem through Philatelic Education in Europe: Think Green Concept (II) - Stamp Research Study
Authors: Cioruța Bogdan , Coman Mirela , Pop Alexandru Leonard
Published: May 2020

Each year the members of PostEurop issue EUROPA stamps on a common theme. One new twist is that all stamp issuers in the PostEurop area are using the same motif. The 2016 year's theme was the environment. PostNord works actively to take environmental and sustainability responsibilities seriously and have set clear, measurable goals.

EUROPA stamps are special stamps issued by European postal administrations and bears the official EUROPA logo, a PostEurop registered trademark under the aegis of PostEurop in which Europe is the central theme. EUROPA stamps underlines cooperation in the posts domain, taking into account promotion of philately. They also build awareness of the common roots, culture and history of Europe and its common goals. As such, EUROPA stamp issues are among the most collected and most popular stamps in the world.

Since the first issue in 1956, EUROPA stamps have been a tangible symbol of Europe’s desire for closer integration and cooperation. In 1993, PostEurop became responsible for issuing EUROPA stamps. Each year, PostEurop's Stamps & Philately Working Group selects the EUROPA stamp theme. “Think green!” was the 2016 theme.

In this paper we propose an insight into the actual history of Europe preoccupations for environmental protection, and bring into limelight the significant concerns in promoting ecological educational via thematic issues (“Think green!” stamps). The main objective is to identify, index and describe the remain philatelic pieces issued in European countries, starting with the Iceland post administration issues and ending with ones from Vatican.
Eco-Morphological Patterns and Diversity of Some Fishes from the Ogu River in Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Adaobi P. Ugbomeh , Chioma O. Kelsy , Karibi N. O. Bob-Manuel , Onyebuchi R. Nwosu
Published: May 2020

Aim: Eco-morphological studies show that morphological traits are adaptive, which means that traits evolve and change as a result of the activities going on in the environment such as predation, competition, and other biotic associations. This study was taken to determine the eco-morphological patterns of some fishes from the Ogu River in Ogu/Bolo Local Government Area of Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria.

Study Design: Field work and random sampling.

Place and Duration: Three stations were sampled along the Ogu river and the duration of the study was four months (January- April 2018).

Methodology: A total of 193 individual fishes were caught, comprising of 5 families and 11 species. Fish samples were obtained with the aid of a seine net; identified, weighed and morphometric measurements were made, to provide the eco-morphological attributes. Fishes were dissected to measure intestinal length. Statistical analysis includes Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of morphometric ratios and intestinal length - total length ratios of fish.

Results: The fish species found were Tilapia guineensis, Tilapia zilli, Mugil bananensis, Mugil curema, Liza falcipinnis, Liza dumerili, Liza grandisquamis, Pomadasys rogerii, Pomadasys jubelini, Lutjanus endecacanthus and Eucinostomus melanopterus. Tilapia guineensis was the most abundant species, Shannon Weiner diversity index (H) ranged from 1.83 - 1.96, Simpson’s dominance index ranged from 0.79 - 0.85. The PCA analysis using different morphological attributes revealed 4 groups in feeding regime (omnivorous - Mugilids; herbivorous - Cichlids; larger carnivores - Lutjanids and smaller carnivores - Pomadasyids), and 3 groups in the fishes habitat preference in water as (1: Cichlids, 2: Mugilids and 3: Pomadasyids, Lutjanids and Gerreids).

Conclusion: This study revealed morphometric attributes of some fishes of the Ogu river in Rivers State Nigeria and their relation with feeding, microhabitat and environmental parameters.
Predictors of Unmet Need for Family Planning among HIV Positive Women in Care in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed A. , Chiroma D. , Laima C. H. , Danimoh M. A. , Odunze P. A.
Published: May 2020

Background: Elimination of mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) requires adequate and continuous use of family planning commodities among women of reproductive age. This can be made possible by reducing the proportion of HIV positive women with unmet need for family planning. The study aims to determine the factors associated with having unmet need among women in HIV care.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using an interviewer administered questionnaire to study 325 women on HIV care. Cluster sampling technique was used to select the study respondents from the clinic.

Results: Less than half of the respondents (40%) were currently using family planning, 35% had unmet need for family planning with 53.6% having unmet need for spacing while 46.4% having unmet need for limiting. Women with no history of previous use of family planning were fifteen times more likely to have unmet need for family planning than those with history of previous use of family planning (p value <0.001, CI 2.511-15.770). Also women with more than five deliveries were eight times more likely to have unmet need for family planning (p value 0.004, CI 0.001-0.279) while women with 2-5 deliveries are four times likely to have unmet need for family planning (p value 0.035, CI 0.005-0.832).

Conclusion: A high proportion of women receiving ART care still have unmet need for family planning despite incorporating this service in HIV care. It is therefore important to target high risk groups to reduce the proportion of women with unmet need for family planning which will invariable reduce mother to child transmission of HIV.
An Overview of the Sociodemographic Considerations of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ohoreorovwori Ugbomah Lucy , Nonyelum Stanley Catherine , Chukwuemeka Stanley Princewill
Published: May 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus strain. The virus is believed to spread mainly by respiratory droplets where the infected people breathe, cough or sneeze and expel little droplets of moisture that contain the virus.Older people and people with pre-existing medical conditions are mostly affected.

Method: Relevant literatures were reviewed from the internet, electronic and print media, World Health Organization and Center for Disease Control documentation.

Results: The coronavirus has brought difficult situations for citizens across the world. Refugees and irregular migrants who find themselves in difficult situations are more vulnerable to the effect of the virus and the social difficulties associated with it.

Conclusion: The spread of the virus can be slowed or suppressed through social distancing, natural immunity, and observance of optimal hygiene practice and near compulsory use of face masks, particularly while dealing with the public.
Impact of Climate Change on Arable Crops among Farmers in Akko Local Government, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Odeleye I. S. , Nzohulato N. G. , Muhamman M. A. , Akpama O. O. , Dedan N. K. , Kuye O. B.
Published: May 2020

The study was conducted on the impact of climate change on arable crops production among farmers in Akko Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling method was adopted selecting one hundred and fifty respondents. Both primary and secondary data were collected covering a period of five years. The data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics. The research found that male farmers within the age bracket of 20-40 years dominate the farming system, with 62.2% being married and having one form of formal education or the other. The result indicated that 92.9% of the respondents are aware of climate change and are predominantly small land holders. The farmers highlighted increased in drought period, higher temperature, erosion, desert encroachment, loss of vegetation and reduced vegetation as effects of climate change. It was revealed that 92.9% of the respondents’ cropping patterns have been affected by climate change. To cope with these effects, farmers diversify their enterprises. The findings show that farming activities such as deforestation, clean clearing, bush burning, open grazing contributes to climate change. The amount of rainfall experienced from 2015-2019 in the area was moderate. The respondents use farmers’ saved seed as planting materials with 62.2% comprising of improved seed. The result indicates that over 95% of the sampled population uses synthetic and organic fertilizers in soil management. From the result, 52.0% of the respondents obtained good yield during the period under study. However, farmers engaged in different cropping systems to mitigate the effect of climate change. It is recommended that extension services should be improved to educate farmers more on adaptation strategies to increase output; Research Institutes should develop more advance or improved seeds as well as disseminate same to farmers timely and adequately.
Speed Control of Brushless DC Motor Using Modified Genetic Algorithm Tuned Fuzzy Controller
Authors: Rawat Ankit , Azeem Mohd Fazle
Published: May 2020

In the last decade with increasing motor application domain, need towards usage of precisely controlled, noise free, highly efficient and high starting torque motors also increases, as a result dedicated applications has fascinated the researcher toward brushless DC motor. Brushless DC motors can act as suitable alternative to the traditional Brushed direct current motor, Induction Motor etc. This research paper inspects the ease and effectiveness of modified queen bee based GA tuned fuzzy controller and shows the performance of a proposed controller under diverse speed settings. A comparative study with conventional PI controller shows effectiveness of modified queen bee based GA Tuned Fuzzy controller, in terms of parameter like peak overshoot and settling time. MATLAB/SIMULINK Environment is used for optimization and modeling of Brushless DC motor drive.
Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Technique to Forecast the Production of Kharif Cereals in Odisha (India)
Authors: Dash Abhiram , Mangaraju A. , Mishra Pradeep , Nayak H.
Published: May 2020

Cereals are the most important kharif season crop in Odisha. The present study was carried out to forecast the production of kharif cereals in Odisha by using the forecast values of area and yield of kharif cereals obtained from the selected best fit Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The data from 1970-71 to 2010-11 are considered as training set data and used for model building and from 2011-12 to 2015-16 are considered as testing set data and used for cross-validation of the selected model on the basis of the absolute percentage error. The ARIMA models are fitted to the stationary data which may be the original data or the differenced data. The different ARIMA models are evaluated on the basis of Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and Partial Autocorrelation Function (PACF) at various lags. The possible ARIMA models are selected on the basis of significant coefficient of autoregressive and moving average components by using the training set data. The best fitted models are then selected on the basis of residual diagnostics test and model fit statistics. The ARIMA model found to be best fitted for area under kharif cereals and yield of kharif cereals are ARIMA (1,1,0) without constant and ARIMA (0,1,2) without constant respectively which are successfully cross-validated with the testing set data. The respective best fit ARIMA model has been used to forecast the area and yield of kharif cereals for the years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19. The forecast values of area shows a decrease, whereas, the forecast values of yield shows an increase. The decrease in area might have been the result of limited availability of area for cereals due to shifting towards non-food grain crops. The forecast values of production of kharif cereals obtained from the forecast values of area and yield of kharif cereals shows an increase which is due to the increase in forecast values of yield. Since there is limited scope for area expansion, the future production of kharif cereals can only be increased by increasing the yield to achieve the goal of food security for the growing population.
In vivo Approach: Potential Diuretic Activity of M. charantia Linn. on Alloxan Induced Albino Wistar Rats in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wahul Umesh B. , Kadam Ambadas S. , Kamble Laxmikant H. , Ali Ayaz S.
Published: May 2020

The screening of perfect diuretics for non –clinical utility in Diabetes mellitus is a relatively novel approach which gain insight into underlying the pathophysiological processes.

This study aim to evaluate the diuretic effect of crude aqueous & alcoholic extract of M. charantia Linn. using Albino Wistar Rat model. The methodology of animal study includes the spectral analysis of Na+, K+, Cl-concentration against the body weight, this was done by spectrophotometry. In this study, the comparative observation of Diuretic activity with standard and extracted compound has shown that the estimated 24‐hour urine contains the Na+-3.82 g, 3.82 g, 3.92 g  and K+-1.35 g, 1.39 g, 1.48 gwt. For Vehicle control, Standard drug, and Extracted compound respectively. Which possess the favouring result means from the spot urine were 10.7±7.0 g/24 hand 3.9±2.1 g/24 h, respectively. Coefficients were 0.035, 0.022, 0.046 at (d±2SD=7.07 g, 4.42 gand 8.92 g) for sodium chloride and 0.068, 0.031, 0.046 at (d ± 2SD = 4.92 g, 2.31 g and 3.34 g) for potassium chloride. The present study guide formulation of non-clinical trials with statistical study to further measuring the claimed efficacy of M. charantia as a natural remedy for diabetes mellitus.
Recommender Systems: Algorithms, Evaluation and Limitations
Authors: Ibrahim Mubaraka Sani , Saidu Charles Isah
Published: May 2020

Aims/ objectives: This paper presents the different types of recommender ﬁltering techniques. The main objective of the study is to provide a review of classical methods used in recommender systems such as collaborative ﬁltering, content-based ﬁltering and hybrid ﬁltering, highlighting the main advantages and limitations. This paper also discusses the state-of-art machine learning based recommendation models including Clustering models and Bayesian Classiﬁers. Further, we discuss the widespread application of recommender systems to a variety of areas such as e-learning and e-news. Finally, the paper evaluates the performance of matrix factorization-based models, nearest neighbours algorithms and co-clustering algorithms in terms of different metrics.