bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Siberian Merchants in Mikhail M. Speransky’s Travel Diary and Letters (1819–1821)
Authors: Komleva Evgeniya V.
Published: June 2023

Mikhail M. Speransky was one of the most outstanding statesman of the Russian Empire. He was the Siberian Governor-General in 1819–1821. His Siberian travel diary and correspondence cast light upon the interaction between state power and private capital during the economic and socio-cultural integration of the Eastern territories. The research objective was to reveal M. M. Speransky’s opinion about Siberian merchants, who were the most influential regional community. The analysis included M. M. Speransky’s brief diary entries and long letters to his daughter and friends, and as well as his business correspondence. M. M. Speransky believed that Siberian merchants were to play an important role in the development of regional economy and society. Numerous contacts with representatives of merchants from different Siberian cities allowed him to make observations about the moods spread in the merchant environment, the volume and features of commercial operations, their social role, etc. He also established good relations with the most prominent merchants. M. M. Speransky wrote about everyday life, culture, and economic relations of Siberian communities. He advocated the freedom of trade and despised the selfish attitude of the local administrations to the merchant class. He gathered information from different sources, including personal conversations with merchants, and developed an opinion on such important state issues as the activities of the Russian-American Company and the Russian-Chinese trade via Kyakhta. M. M. Speransky’s had a pragmatic interest in merchants and encouraged them to make charity donations for various needs.
Temporary Regulation "On Administration in the Ural, Turgai, Akmola and Semipalatinsk Regions" of 1868 and Its Significance in Modernization of Judicial and Legal System of the Steppe Region
Authors: Anisimova Inna V.
Published: June 2023

One of the most important documents of the second half of the XIX century in the history of the Central Asia outskirts of the Russian Empire is the Temporary Regulation "On administration in the Ural, Turgai, Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions" of 1868, which became the basis for the region administrational reform contributing to the integration of the region into the general imperial space. The Temporary Regulation played a special role in the formation of a new configuration of the judicial and legal system in the Steppe Regions. The article analyzes the process of preparing the "Temporary Regulation", defines the goals, objectives and results of the work of the Commissions of 1863 and 1865. The article considers the organization of the judicial system of the Steppe Regions, which was a complex one, combining the principles of the new and pre-reform judicial systems and institutions with the elements of traditional judicial and legal system. The biy court, while retaining its significance, was reorganized and integrated into the regional justice system. However, despite the importance of the "Temporary Regulation", several years after its implementation, significant shortcomings in the work of the judicial and legal system of the region were identified. This problem caused a wide discussion at the regional and central levels of the government. The low efficiency of the regional judicial system caused comments, while the principle of forming a judicial system intergrating formal and informal institutions was contradictory. The lack of effects made the Government start a new draft of the judicial and legal system reform, taking into account regional peculiarities and experience in implementing the "Temporary Regulation".
M. K. Kadyrbaev’s Archive as a Source for Studying the Stone Monuments of Kazakhstan
Authors: Ermolenko Lyubov N. , Kasenova Asemgul D. , Kurmankulov Zholdasbek K.
Published: June 2023

The article describes the unpublished archives collected by M. K. Kadyrbaev from his field work in Central Kazakhstan in 1955–1979. It provides information on eight stone statues and structures. The authors attributed and dated them in line with the contemporary rules of archeology. One of the statues appeared to belong to the Saka period of the Tasmola culture. Another monument had no obvious analogies but, possibly, was part of a Qipcaq sanctuary. The authors also touched upon some challenging or debatable issues raised by M. K. Kadyrbaev and other expedition members, e.g., the validity of correlating statues without sings of sex with images of women; the secret Polovtsian sanctuary, which have to be studied in the context of similar Qipcaq sites, etc.
GTAP.TAB Release 6.2
Authors: McDougall Robert
Published: June 2023

This research memorandum discusses release 6.2 of `gtap.tab' and friends. A shorter version of this document forms the 6.2 release notes.
Initial Preparation of Energy Volume Data for GTAP 7
Authors: McDougall Robert , Aguiar Angel
Published: June 2023

This GTAP Research Memorandum documents the initial preparation of energy volume data for release 7 of the GTAP Data Base.
Structure of heat-resistant steels and alloys – phase transitions, independent of undergoing polymorphic transformation
Authors: Kai Jian Ding
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses the rule that polymorphic transformation does not occur in heat-resistant steels and alloys. The basic theoretical principles used to analyze the most diverse processes occurring in heat resistant steels and alloys have been analyzed and described. The crystallization process of various alloys, the formation and decomposition of austenite, and the new phase formed during various operations of chemical-heat treatment are described. Extensive experimental data has been widely used to address the issues discussed, which allows us to evaluate and verify the reliability of theoretical conclusions.
Study of the purchase of dye composite materials based on inorganic and organic raw materials
Authors: Gurbanova Zumrud Ramazan kyzy , Bairamova Sabina , Farzalieva Irada
Published: June 2023

The article states that one of the biggest problems of modern agriculture is to prevent the irreversible loss of fertile land on earth and to provide agriculture with new land. In this regard, it has become an urgent problem to use natural resources efficiently and restore damaged lands with various means and methods. In the studies conducted to solve the problem, the process of obtaining composite materials with fertilizer-ameliorant properties, which is of particular importance in increasing soil productivity and plant height, using inorganic and organic raw materials, was studied. It has been established that only applying fertilizers to ecologically damaged soils does not give positive results, because the structure and physical-chemical properties of the soils are damaged, and complex measures must be taken to restore them. The more intensive feeding of the plant with phosphorus with the participation of the magnesium element leads to the formation of water-resistant aggregates, which, as a result, percolation and infiltration decrease, and the amount of available phosphorus in the soil increases.
Overview of spacecraft maneuvers in near-circular orbits
Authors: Olivio Adilson pedro
Published: June 2023

This paper presents comprehensive information about spacecraft (SC) maneuvers in the vicinity of a circular orbit. The implementation of SC maneuvers in the vicinity of circular orbits makes it possible to solve many research and applied problems. Typical examples are the problems of rendezvous and docking of SC moving in near-circular orbits, the implementation of a group flight of several SC in a given configuration, the deployment and maintenance of low-orbit systems to solve the problems of providing communications and remote sensing of the Earth. Practical examples of SC maneuvers are given.
Automedicación en estudiantes de medicina en época de pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Martínez-De-La-Rosa Walter Ángel , Rodríguez-Sanjuan Alexander , Peláez-Cerpa Mareyis Judith , Serrano-Torres Juan Sebastián , González-Negrete Rafael Andrés , Collazos-Lara Yoleydis Elena , Mendoza-Sánchez Xilene
Published: June 2023

La automedicación es una práctica común para el mantenimiento de la salud, y se ha observado con mayor frecuencia tras la aparición de la pandemia por Covid-19. En este contexto, la automedicación responsable es muy importante para garantizar la salud pública y aliviar los sistemas sanitarios. Los estudiantes de medicina son referentes en la sociedad en cuanto a conocimientos sobre la medicación y por tanto son promotores de conductas sobre el uso de medicamentos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las prácticas de automedicación en estudiantes de medicina en época de pandemia por Covid-19. Se realizó un estudio transversal en una población de 2285 estudiantes de medicina. Se tomó una muestra aleatoria de 350 estudiantes, y se aplicó una encuesta autoadministrada para indagar sobre aspectos relacionados con las prácticas de automedicación. Se determinó una prevalencia de automedicación del 100%, con un 70,1% de prácticas de automedicación inadecuadas. Además, el 48% estaría dispuesto a automedicarse sin solicitar asistencia médica en caso de presentar síntomas leves probablemente relacionados con COVID-19. Este estudio reporta la prevalencia de automedicación más alta registrada en Colombia. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de intervenciones dirigidas a promover prácticas de automedicación responsable en la población de estudio.
Programa de reaprendizaje motor en pacientes con secuelas de ACV: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Mateus-Aria Oscar Eduardo , Camperos-Toro Angela , Rangel-Silva Ashley , Mantilla-Toloza Sonia , Martínez-Torres Javier
Published: June 2023

El 90% de la población con Accidente Cerebrovascular sufre secuelas que incapacitan al individuo para su independencia en las actividades de la vida diaria. Se buscó determinar los efectos de las intervenciones en personas adultas después del accidente cerebrovascular del programa de reaprendizaje motor vs diferentes tratamientos fisioterapéuticos en la independencia funcional. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. en bases de datos PubMed, PEDro, LILACS, Cochrane, Scopus y ScienceDirect, y una búsqueda manual, teniendo en cuenta ensayos clínicos, idioma español, inglés o portugués. La calidad metodológica se realizó por escala de PEDro y la evaluación del riesgo de sesgo se aplicó según el Manual Cochrane. Se incluyeron 8 estudios de 984 potenciales. Se encontró una mejora clínicamente significativa en los grupos de reaprendizaje motor y solamente en un estudio esta mejora es significativa con respecto a otra intervención. Existen efectos clínicos significativos en el uso del programa de reaprendizaje motor.
Estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios del programa de nutrición y dietética
Authors: Flórez-Escobar Isabel Cristina , Carvajal-Suárez Lennys , Botía-Rodriguez Irene
Published: June 2023

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar los estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios del programa de Nutrición y Dietética. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal. La información fue recolectada a través del Cuestionario de Estilos de Vida en Jóvenes Universitarios. Las prácticas referidas por los estudiantes para cada una de las dimensiones del estilo de vida evaluadas (8), el 87,5% fueron saludables, excepto la correspondiente a ejercicio y actividad física. El 62,4% manifestó que el principal motivo para no hacer o dejar de hacer ejercicio y actividad física era la pereza. A pesar de que las prácticas para la dimensión de alimentación fueron saludables, el 61,2% de los estudiantes manifestó el consumo algunos días de comidas rápidas, fritos, o dulces y el 58% de gaseosas o bebidas artificiales. Los estudiantes realizan prácticas saludables para las diversas dimensiones del estilo de vida excepto la correspondiente a ejercicio y actividad física, sin embargo, refirieron recursos y motivaciones que les permiten tomar decisiones y adoptar comportamientos fundamentales para la salud.
STUDIES OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC BACKGROUND ON ANTARCTIC STATION «VOSTOK»
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Shurshakov V.A. , Belov E.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Ilyin Е.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Inozemtsev К.О. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Molodtsova D.V. ,   A.I. Burnazyan State Medical Biophysical Centre of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Konstantinova N.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Artamonov А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

The electromagnetic background was measured in living quarters of station «Vostok» located on the Antarctic plateau distant from potential sources of technogenic electromagnetic fields. Level of E-radiation in the range from 0.8 to 8 GHz was determined using integral dosimeter MERA. Based on the results of long-term continuous (one to 4 months) measurements, the mean flux density was equal to 1.5 ± 0.8 nwatts/cm2 that is nearly 7 000 times lower than the admissible level for population adopted in Russia. Antarctic station «Vostok» can be considered as a plausible location of biomedical investigations into the effects of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation.
Tratak and its benefits: A Review
Authors: Anshu Chundawat  , Srikanta Kumar Panda
Published: June 2023

At the present time several Yogic practices, meditation, Pranayama, and Mantra, etc. are playing important role in treating physiological and psychological problems. The ancient Indian Yoga text, Hatha Yoga Pradipika, describes six cleansing techniques. The objective of cleansing techniques is to purify and prepare the body for the practice of yoga postures, and meditation. Trataka (Yogic visual concentration technique) is one of these techniques. In this study, ancient texts and contemporary research findings are analysed to gain a better understanding of Trataka.
Concept of Dietetics and its importance in Ayurveda
Authors: Abanikanta Sahoo  , Pramod Kumar Mishra  , Brahmanananda Sharma  , Jyoti Prajapati
Published: June 2023

Human body requires food to provide energy for all life process, growth, repair and maintenance. A balanced diet contains different types of foods in such quantities and proportions that the need of the body is adequately met. Eating a well-balanced diet on a regular basis and staying at ideal weight are critical factors in maintaining emotional and physical well-being. In Ayurveda, diet forms the important component of life as it is included in the Tri-Upastambha (three pillars of life). Being supported by these three factors, the body is endowed with strength, complexion and growth, and continues up till the full span of life, provided a person does not indulge in such regimen as are detrimental to health. Any material in the universe, according to Ayurveda is composed of five basic elements, the Pancha Mahabhootas, namely Prithvi (Earth), Aap (Water), Teja (Fire), Vayu (Air) and Akasha (Ether). The Tridoshas (Biological Humors) i.e., Vata, Pitta & Kapha which constitutes the body is also made up of Pancha Mahabhootas. Each food article either has Dosha aggravating action or pacifying or balancing action on human body. To keep the homoeostasis of Doshas (health), Ayurveda has described specific diet. Proper planning and indulging of the diet can maintains our body.
Ayurveda for Cancer therapy - A Review
Authors: Snehal S. Rathod  , Brijesh R. Mishra  , Abhishek B. Mishra
Published: June 2023

Malignant cells multiply and divide uncontrollably in a variety of disorders known as cancer. These cells form tumors which are cancerous growths. There are various treatment available for cancer, still Ayurveda plays significant role. Ayurveda may be beneficial in the prevention, palliation, treatment, and support of cancer in a variety of ways. Ayurvedic medicine helps to raise living standards. It can be used in conjunction with chemotherapy or radiation therapy as an adjuvant or co-therapy. Ayurvedic treatment minimizes toxicities of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In case of recurrence Ayurveda maintenance therapy will be helpful.
Role of Panchakarma in Male Infertility w.s.r to High Altitude Induced Asthenozoospermia: A Case Report
Authors: Priyanka Kumari  , Anil Bhardwaj  , Soni Kapil
Published: June 2023

Background of the Study: Infertility is a diseased condition of the reproductive system which can be defined as failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected intercourse. It is a major health issue affecting 8%-12% of couples worldwide. Male factor contributes to 20-30%, in India the contribution rate is 23%. Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of male infertility defined as reduced sperm motility, lower than 40%. Present study is looking at the impact of chronic exposure of high altitude (environmental hypoxia) on male infertility. Hypoxia acts directly on testicular seminiferous tubules resulting in impaired quantity and quality of sperm cells. Ayurveda explains male oriented infertility under the wide classification of Ashtshukradosha and asthenozoospermia which can be correlated with Ksheena Shukra. In case of Ksheenshukrta there is predominance of vitiated Vata and Pitta. Ayurvedic literature clearly mentioned Virechan Karma in Ksheena Shukra. Aim & Objectives: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-altitude exposure on seminal parameters along with its successful management with Virechana Karma. Result: The current case study of a 29 years old male visiting the OPD section with 20% active sperm motility treated with Virechana Karma after Snehana and Swedana which resulted in the positive effect and the female partner conceived the very next month after Virechana Karma. Conclusion: The case study established the positive impact of Virechan karma in male infertility due to asthenozoospermia.
An Evaluation of a Personalized Multicomponent Commercial Digital Weight Management Program: Single-Arm Behavioral Trial
Authors: Pagoto Sherry , Xu Ran , Bullard Tiffany , Foster Gary D , Bannor Richard , Arcangel Kaylei , DiVito Joseph , Schroeder Matthew , Cardel Michelle I
Published: June 2023

Background

Digital behavioral weight loss programs are scalable and effective, and they provide an opportunity to personalize intervention components. However, more research is needed to test the acceptability and efficacy of personalized digital behavioral weight loss interventions.

Objective

In a 6-month single-arm trial, we examined weight loss, acceptability, and secondary outcomes of a digital commercial weight loss program (WeightWatchers). This digital program included a personalized weight loss program based on sex, age, height, weight, and personal food preferences, as well as synchronous (eg, virtual workshops and individual weekly check-ins) and asynchronous (eg, mobile app and virtual group) elements. In addition to a personalized daily and weekly PersonalPoints target, the program provided users with personalized lists of ≥300 ZeroPoint foods, which are foods that do not need to be weighed, measured, or tracked.

Methods

We conducted a pre-post evaluation of this 6-month, digitally delivered, and personalized WeightWatchers weight management program on weight loss at 3 and 6 months in adults with overweight and obesity. The secondary outcomes included participation, satisfaction, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, sleep quality, hunger, food cravings, quality of life, self-compassion, well-being, and behavioral automaticity.

Results

Of the 153 participants, 107 (69.9%) were female, and 65 (42.5%) identified as being from a minoritized racial or ethnic group. Participants’ mean age was 41.09 (SD 13.78) years, and their mean BMI was 31.8 (SD 5.0) kg/m2. Participants had an average weight change of −4.25% (SD 3.93%) from baseline to 3 months and −5.05% (SD 5.59%) from baseline to 6 months. At 6 months, the percentages of participants who experienced ≥3%, ≥5%, and ≥10% weight loss were 63.4% (97/153), 51% (78/153), and 14.4% (22/153), respectively. The mean percentage of weeks in which participants engaged in ≥1 aspects of the program was 87.53% (SD 23.40%) at 3 months and 77.67% (SD 28.69%) at 6 months. Retention was high (132/153, 86.3%), and more than two-thirds (94/140, 67.1%) of the participants reported that the program helped them lose weight. Significant improvements were observed in fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, sleep quality, hunger, food cravings, quality of life, and well-being (all P values <.01).

Conclusions

This personalized, digital, and scalable behavioral weight management program resulted in clinically significant weight loss in half (78/153, 51%) of the participants as well as improvements in behavioral and psychosocial outcomes. Future research should compare personalized digital weight loss programs with generic programs on weight loss, participation, and acceptability.
Feasibility of a Career Development Intervention for Veterans in Vocational Rehabilitation: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Stevenson Brian , Teravainen Taina , Kathawalla Ummul Kiram , Singer Margo , Wilkins Sarah , Mueller Lisa , Kelly Megan , Ellison Marsha , Shirk Steven D , Bakken Shana , Blustein David
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Veterans with psychiatric disorders want additional career development services to support their recovery and pursuit of meaningful employment. However, no career counseling programs have been designed for this specific population. We developed the Purposeful Pathways intervention to fill this need.

OBJECTIVE

This study protocol aims to (1) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the Purposeful Pathways intervention for veterans living with psychiatric disorders and (2) explore preliminary clinical outcome data.

METHODS

A total of 50 veterans who are participating in transitional work vocational rehabilitation services at a Veterans Affairs hospital will be randomized to either treatment as usual or the augmented treatment condition (treatment as usual plus Purposeful Pathways). Feasibility will be assessed via recruitment rates, clinician fidelity to treatment, retention rates, and acceptability of randomization procedures. Acceptability will be assessed via client satisfaction at treatment termination using quantitative and qualitative data collection. Preliminary clinical and vocational outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks (treatment termination), and a 3-month follow-up via quantitative measures assessing vocational functioning, vocational process, and mental and physical functioning.

RESULTS

This pilot randomized controlled trial is beginning recruitment in June 2023 and is expected to continue through November 2025. Data collection is expected to be completed by February 2026, with full data analysis completed by March 2026.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this study will provide information on the feasibility and acceptability of the Purposeful Pathways intervention, as well as secondary outcomes related to vocational functioning, vocational process, and mental and physical functioning.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04698967; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04698967

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/47986
Experience of Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery Clinics Patients with Teledermatology Amidst the Coronavirus Disease Lockdown: Cross-sectional Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Infante Caridad , Jueng Jeremy , Chandani Brittany , Su Ashley , Harding Tanner , Maner Brittany , Eubanks Stephen , Solomon James
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery (ADCS) is a practice with over 4.7 million dermatology patients, 350 providers, and 140 offices nationwide. During the coronavirus disease-19 lockdown all but 16 offices were closed, and the electronic medical record was integrated with video teledermatology.

OBJECTIVE

Although the pandemic has allowed for the exploration and enhancement of these services, robust studies of teledermatology are warranted to ensure optimal delivery of high-quality care while minimizing COVID-19 exposure. The purpose of this study is to identify determine the current knowledge of, utilization of, and sentiment about teledermatology in patients that have recently had the opportunity to use some modality to have a virtual encounter. Other aims include to explore the factors that deter patients from using teledermatology during and after the COVID-19 lockdown, and to elucidate the advantages and limitations that need to be addressed moving forward.

METHODS

An anonymous internet-based survey was distributed to adult ADCS Clinics patients who signed consent to accept email communication via Qualtrics. Based on patient participation in teledermatology, the survey had up to 62 questions that evaluated patient utilization and sentiment of the various technologies involved in teledermatology visits both during and after the COVID-19 lockdown.

RESULTS

The mean general satisfaction rating with teledermatology was 7.48 during and 7.92 after the lockdown, with 10 being very satisfied. Patients were somewhat satisfied with several aspects of teledermatology including convenience, simplicity, how well the concern was addressed, security, follow-up, and photo transmission. Patient satisfaction with how well their concern was addressed and with the security of their data was significantly greater after the lockdown compared to during, which was determined using an independent samples t-test with statistical significance at p < 0.05. Most patients utilized live video interaction both during and after the pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, patients are satisfied with teledermatology and believe that it improves the provision of health services. The factors addressed can continue to be enhanced to facilitate optimal service delivery while minimizing COVID-19 exposure.
The Impact of WhatsApp as a Health Education Tool in Albinism: Interventional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Anaje Chetanna Chioma , Okpala Chibuzo Ifeanyi , Enechukwu Nkechi Anne , Ezejiofor Ogochukwu Ifeanyi , Malachy Divinefavour Echezona , Nwiyi Obumneme Kenechukwu
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Oculocutaneous albinism is a congenital disorder that causes hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes due to a lack of melanin. People with albinism are at increased risk of developing skin complications, such as solar keratosis and skin cancers, leading to higher morbidity. As education is crucial in managing albinism, leveraging information technology, such as WhatsApp, can provide an effective intervention for digital health education.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the impact of WhatsApp as a tool for providing health education among people with albinism.

METHODS

The design of the study was interventional. The intervention consisted of weekly health education sessions conducted in a WhatsApp group for the duration of 4 weeks. The topics discussed were knowledge of albinism, sun protection practices, the use of sunscreen, and myths about albinism. They were all covered in 4 WhatsApp sessions held in 4 separate days. A web-based questionnaire was filled out before and after the intervention by the participants. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the pre- and postknowledge scores. Spearman correlation was used to correlate data.

RESULTS

The mean age of the study participants was 28.28 (SD 11.57) years. The number of participants was 140 in the preintervention period and 66 in the postintervention period. A statistically significant increase in overall knowledge (P=.01), knowledge of sunscreen (P=.01), and knowledge of sun protection (P<.01) was observed following the intervention. Before the intervention, a positive correlation was observed between age (r=0.17; P=.03) and education level (r=0.19; P=.02) with participants’ overall knowledge. However, after the intervention, there was no significant correlation between knowledge and age or education level. A percentage increase of 5.23% was observed in the overall knowledge scores following the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

WhatsApp is an effective tool for educating people with albinism and can act as an alternative to the conventional methods of health education. It shows promising outcomes irrespective of the health literacy level of people with albinism. This educational intervention can positively impact behavior change and translate to consistent sun protection practices. The limitations of this study include the possibility of social desirability bias and data security.
Perceptions of the Agency and Responsibility of the NHS COVID-19 App on Twitter: Critical Discourse Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Heaton Dan , Nichele Elena , Clos Jérémie , Fischer Joel E
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Since September 2020, the National Health Service (NHS) COVID-19 contact-tracing app has been used to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. Since its launch, this app has been a part of the discussion regarding the perceived social agency of decision-making algorithms. On the social media website Twitter, a plethora of views about the app have been found but only analyzed for sentiment and topic trajectories thus far, leaving the perceived social agency of the app underexplored.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to examine the discussion of social agency in social media public discourse regarding algorithm-operated decisions, particularly when the artificial intelligence agency responsible for specific information systems is not openly disclosed in an example such as the COVID-19 contact-tracing app. To do this, we analyzed the presentation of the NHS COVID-19 App on Twitter, focusing on the portrayal of social agency and the impact of its deployment on society. We also aimed to discover what the presentation of social agents communicates about the perceived responsibility of the app.

METHODS

Using corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis, underpinned by social actor representation, we used the link between grammatical and social agency and analyzed a corpus of 118,316 tweets from September 2020 to July 2021 to see whether the app was portrayed as a social actor.

RESULTS

We found that active presentations of the app—seen mainly through personalization and agency metaphor—dominated the discourse. The app was presented as a social actor in 96% of the cases considered and grew in proportion to passive presentations over time. These active presentations showed the app to be a social actor in 5 main ways: informing, instructing, providing permission, disrupting, and functioning. We found a small number of occasions on which the app was presented passively through backgrounding and exclusion.

CONCLUSIONS

Twitter users presented the NHS COVID-19 App as an active social actor with a clear sense of social agency. The study also revealed that Twitter users perceived the app as responsible for their welfare, particularly when it provided instructions or permission, and this perception remained consistent throughout the discourse, particularly during significant events. Overall, this study contributes to understanding how social agency is discussed in social media discourse related to algorithmic-operated decisions This research offers valuable insights into public perceptions of decision-making digital contact-tracing health care technologies and their perceptions on the web, which, even in a postpandemic world, may shed light on how the public might respond to forthcoming interventions.
D.A. Shepelev’s house as part of the main house of the Musin-Pushkin estate based on the materials of historical and architectural research
Authors: Ivantsyk Timur V. , Salimov Alexey M.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The article deals with one of the objects of cultural heritage, forming the architectural appearance of the Musin-Pushkin estate at the intersection of Dobroslobodskaya and Spartakovskaya Streets in Moscow (now the building complex of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering) — the main house of the ensemble. As an architectural monument of federal significance, the structure has undergone numerous transformations to date, affecting both the faсades and the interiors of the building. The monument has a rich construction history and includes buildings of different epochs and architectural styles. The main purpose of the research is to trace the history of the formation of the main building, to determine a period of its construction, to “distinguish” the original building volume in the structure and to reconstruct it. Materials and methods. The study of the monument is based on the method of complex source study, including search and analysis of sources and literature, field studies, accompanied by soundings, trenching and measuring works, as well as chemical and technological research of construction and finishing materials. Using a comparative method, the object was studied in a range of stylistically and typologically similar buildings. Results. The structural periodization of the monument has been revealed, its existing volumes have been dated, the original core of the building has been determined, and its stylistic elements have been studied; thus, a graphic reconstruction of the monument at the initial period of its construction history has been elaborated. Conclusions. The proposed reconstruction is the result of comprehensive research, which helped present the initial appearance of the building that became the basis for the present main house of the Musin-Pushkin estate, although this reconstruction is not intended to recreate it. It only marks the initial appearance of the monument and reveals one of the pages in the history of the estate complex so important for Moscow.
Peculiarities of formation of the architectural-planning structure and typology of Russian marine stations 1950–1990
Authors: Shleptsova Alina Yu. , Dolinina Olga E.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Maritime passenger transportation in Russia has a great potential for development. However, the infrastructure for servicing sea passenger traffic was formed during the Soviet period and most of its facilities need modernization and transformation, since they no longer meet modern requirements for providing comprehensive and high-quality passenger service. The purpose of the study is to analyze the Soviet experience of design and construction of sea stations to identify the main historical stages in the formation of the architecture of marine stations, the features of which can be taken into account when developing recommendations for their reconstruction.

Materials and methods. To identify the historical stages of the formation of the architecture of marine stations on the territory of the Soviet Union, a complex approach was used, including a retrospective analysis, the study of literary, regulatory and legal acts, illustrative, graphic sources related to such objects.

Results. The article reflects the experience of the construction of marine stations in the Soviet period and identifies two historical periods of the formation of their architecture. The characteristic of each of the stages is given based on the features of the functional organization and architectural and planning solutions of marine stations. The prerequisites for the transformation and reconstruction of existing facilities are highlighted and examples of these processes in Russia are given.

Conclusions. The design of new marine station complexes, as well as the modernization of existing stations should meet the most modern international requirements for the development of the tourism industry, as well as take into account the historical features of their formation.
Unreasonable borrowings in the metalanguage of public administration of the construction industry
Authors: Daniyelyan Mary G. , Vasilyeva Elena Yu. , Davletov Islambek H.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The purpose of this research is to analyze the frequency of use of foreign-language terms (in particular, anglicisms) in the modern official style, to evaluate the comprehensibility of terms, used by students majoring in public and municipal administration in their professional communication in the field of construction, and to prove the inexpediency of use of some loanwords in the speech of public and municipal government officers. The authors also investigated the availability of Russian equivalents, capable of replacing anglicisms, as well as the influence of loanwords on the quality and purity of the native language. The issue of loanwords has always been debatable in the Russian language, and it gained particular relevance after amendments to the Federal law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation” had been adopted.

Materials and methods. Works addressing the reasons for and trends in (1) loanword borrowing by the Russian language, (2) official documents, published in Russian in 2000–2023, and (3) speeches delivered by representatives of public and municipal authorities, as well as (4) results of the survey, carried out by the authors among the bachelor students of the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)” in the field of studies number 38.03.04 “Public and municipal administration” served as the materials for the research. The authors used such methods as observation, description, survey, quantitative and statistical analysis, comparative analysis, structural analysis, semantic and stylistic analysis, method of distributive semantics, frequency analysis, etc. to draft the article.

Results. The authors studied the reasons for and types of borrowings in the Russian language. Foreign words of various extents of assimilation, most widely spread in the field of public and municipal administration, are identified. Some widely spread borrowings are analyzed in terms of their comprehensiveness, relevance, extent of assimilation, existence of adequate Russian equivalents and expediency of their use. The analysis of the results of the survey, launched among the ba-chelor students, majoring in Public and Municipal Administration, confirmed the assumption about the frequent failure to fully understand the foreign-language terminology, as a result of which loanwords are used incorrectly in the formal speech.

Conclusions. The results of the research let the authors make a conclusion that the decline of foreign words is impossible and unnecessary. However, there is a need to stop overusing loanwords, and to use them consciously and reasonably. That will allow avoiding incorrect or ambiguous interpretations of official texts, prevent any negative effects, and, in the end, facilitate improvement in the quality of the official language, as well as public and municipal administration in general.
A Corpus-Based Study on Historical Changes in the Usages of the Be/get Passives in American English
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Eunyoung
Published: June 2023

Objectives The objective of this thesis is to explore the semantic and syntactic characteristics of the be-passive and get-passive constructions and their usage in corpus data. The primary focus of this thesis is to distinguish between the be-passive and get-passive constructions by providing multiple examples for comparison. Furthermore, it delves deeper into the get-passive construction, categorizing it into different levels of usage.
Methods This study examines the frequency and usage patterns of be-passive and get-passive constructions from 1810 to 2010, with a focus on their overall frequency and historical evolution across four different time periods. It also investigates how these constructions are used in different genres and analyzes the bonded verbs frequently linked with the get-passive. Additionally, corpus data will be analyzed to gain insights into the real-world contexts of these constructions at the lexical level.
Results The usage of get-passives has been progressively rising between 1990 and 2010, whereas the occurrence of the be-passive has been decreasing. This suggests that the usage of these constructions may be influenced by social context. There are specific verbs that tend to be more frequently used with the get-passive construction.
Conclusions The get-passive and be-passive in English have distinct characteristics that set them apart from each other. Although they can usually be used interchangeably, each type of passive creates unique grammatical features. Analyzing the actual usage of the be-passive and get-passive through data from the COHA corpus is a viable approach for evaluating their overall properties.
Analysis of Research Trends in Korean Language Education Using Metaverse
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hyemin
Published: June 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the trend of Korean language education research using the metaverse.
Methods Domestic academic papers published before April 1, 2023 were searched as keywords related to metaverse. The contents of the papers were reviewed and 26 papers were selected excluding duplicate papers. Next, research trends were analyzed and the results were discussed by setting analysis criteria such as year, research method, research object, research subject, and use of metaverse.
Results Research on Korean language education using metaverse began in 2013 and the number of studies increased rapidly in 2022. Integrated research methods were most frequently used, and studies on non-human subjects and Korean learners at all levels for general purposes were actively conducted. The most research was conducted on the subject of teaching and learning methods, and there were many studies related to real-time online classes using the virtual world metaverse platform.
Conclusions It is necessary to study how to educate various learners on language knowledge and language functions using metaverse and develop general design principles. In addition, research on the effectiveness of Korean language education using metaverse should be conducted, and discussions on teachers' TPCK(Technology Pedagogical Content Knowledge) and teacher education are needed. Finally, research on educational materials, curriculum, and evaluation suitable for the characteristics of the metaverse should be conducted.
Development of a Framework for Evaluating Digital Literacy Competencies of Primary and Middle School Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hyesook , Cha Hyunjin , Kim Hyeonjin , Han Nara
Published: June 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for evaluating the digital literacy competencies of primary and middle school students in South Korea.
Methods To achieve this, the researchers analyzed previous domestic and international studies and cases to develop a draft evaluation framework that includes definitions of digital literacy, evaluation areas, sub-elements, definitions of sub-elements, and examples of achievement. The developed draft was revised and validated through two rounds of the Delphi survey.
Results The final proposed digital literacy evaluation framework consists of five evaluation areas and 11 sub-elements, including ① digital tools (understanding of digital tools, utilization of digital tools), ② digital information and data (information search and data collection, analysis and evaluation of information and data, management of information and data), ③ digital communication and collaboration (digital communication, digital collaboration), ④ digital resource production (content production, problem-solving based on computational thinking), and ⑤ digital safety and health (digital safety, digital health).
Conclusions The significance of the evaluation framework for the digital literacy developed in this study is that it systematizes the construct for measurement of the digital literacy required by primary and middle school students. In the future, this framework can be used to develop evaluation tools for diagnosing the level of digital literacy of students.
Relational Analysis of between the Work Experience in School and the Job Values of College Students: Focusing on the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) 2017-2020
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jo Yun-Seo
Published: June 2023

Objectives This study analyzes the relationship between work experience in school and job values of male and female college students. In particular, it is to confirm the effect of work experience on job value according to gender. Using the 2017~2020 Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey, let's analyze the consistent effect of college student's work experience in school on job value.
Methods Using The Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) 2017-2020 and subjects of this surveys were 35,217 people who four-year male and female college students(8,933 people in 2017, 9,116 people in 2018, 9,350 people in 2019, and 7,824 people in 2020). A t-test was conducted to verify the change in job value according to the work experience in school of male and female college students. And Regression analysis was conducted to analyze the impact.
Results The study results can be summarized as follows. First, it was found that male students' work experience and work experience related to their major consistently increased intrinsic job value and had a positive (+) effect. Second, it was found that female students' work experience related to their major consistently increased the intrinsic job value and had a positive (+) effect. On the other hand, it was analyzed that female students' work presence or absence of work experience consistently increases the external job value and has a positive (+) effect. Third, the consistent effect of the number of work experiences of unversity students was not confirmed. However, it was confirmed that there was no effect except for 2020.
Conclusions The work experience in school of a male and female college students was identified as an important factor influencing job values. First, male and female college students should have work experience related to their major in order to increase their intrinsic job values. Second, it seems necessary to differentiate the career guidance of male and female students. Third, the number of work experiences in school should be selected and focused on meaningful work experiences rather than work experiences that do not help university students' career development. This result presents the direction of work experience in school for the development of job values of university students. And I think it will be helpful for the school and the government to establish policies on the work experience of university students.