bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the method of mixing on homogeneity and crystallization kinetics of blends of linear and branched polyethylene
Authors: Neway B. , Gedde U. W.
Published: September 2004

The influence of mixing method—solution and melt mixing—on the homogeneity and crystallization kinetics of a series of blends of single‐site materials of linear polyethylene and ethyl‐branched polyethylene was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Data obtained for heats of melting and crystallization, melting and crystallization peak temperatures, and melting and crystallization temperature profiles were essentially the same for the samples obtained by the two mixing methods. The results obtained can be interpreted as indicating that melt mixing is capable of producing homogeneous melts of these relatively low molar mass polymers, given that solution mixing is considered to give perfectly homogeneous blends. The heat associated with the high temperature melting peak after crystallization at 125°C of the blend samples, obtained by the two preparation methods, was higher than that of the linear polyethylene included in the blends, suggesting that a part of the branched polyethylene crystallized at 125°C. The unblended branched polyethylene showed no crystallization at 125°C. Samples obtained by powder mixing showed independent crystallization and melting of the linear and branched polyethylene components. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1730–1736, 2004
Evaluation of the water sorption and controlled‐release potential of binary polymeric beads of starch and alginate loaded with potassium nitrate as an agrochemical
Authors: Mishra Sushma , Bajpai Jaya , Bajpai A. K.
Published: September 2004

Binary polymeric beads of sodium alginate and starch were prepared and characterized by IR spectral and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The beads were examined for water uptake potential, and he influence of various factors, including chemical composition of the macromolecular matrix, pH, ionic strength, and temperature of the swelling medium, were investigated on the degree of water sorption. The prepared beads were loaded with KNO3, as a model agrochemical, and the release kinetics of KNO3 were studied under varying experimental conditions, as mentioned previously. The release data were analyzed by Fick's equation, and the mechanism of KNO3 release was worked out at different experimental conditions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1815–1826, 2004
The forensic use of luminol chemiluminescence to detect traces of blood inside motor vehicles
Authors: Quickenden T. I. , Ennis C. P. , Creamer J. I.
Published: September 2004

The luminol test for blood was carried out on a set of interior ﬁttings and surfaces inside three different makes of modern motor car. The surfaces and ﬁttings provided little interference with the test for blood, although there was some detectable chemiluminescence when the test was applied to blood‐free material from a seatbelt, a boot‐lining and a gear‐knob. The case with which haemoglobin samples could be washed off interior car surfaces was also examined for seat fabrics, carpets, roof‐linings and various other plastic interior surfaces. A standard wash with water alone was not very effective and removed only ca. 50% of the haemoglobin. A standard wash with soapy water or with a proprietary multipurpose car cleaner removed ca. 90% of the haemoglobin from the tested surface. The effect of high car interior temperatures on haemoglobin samples that were subsequently used in the luminol test was also examined. It was shown that the sensitivity of the luminol test was not decreased but was increased by the prior heating of a haemoglobin sample. This effect was attributed to the thermal conversion of haemoglobin to the more brighter catalyst for chemiluminescence, methaemoglobin. The enthalpy of this conversion in the solid state was found to be 14.1 kJ/mol. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction of metals with peroxidase—mediated luminol‐enhanced, chemiluminescence (PLmCL)
Authors: Coteur G. , Dubois P.
Published: September 2004

The peroxidase‐mediated luminol‐enhanced chemiluminescence (PLmCL) method has been used to study the in vitro effect of contaminants such as heavy metals on the reactive oxygen species production by immunocytes. We were interested to know whether metals could directly affect peroxidase‐mediated luminescence, taking horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a model enzyme, since this could contribute to the inhibition of immunocyte LmCL. Copper inhibited PLmCL in a dose‐dependent manner, while cadmium, iron, silver and lead only partly decreased the signal in the concentration range tested. In contrast, zinc enhanced the signal at high concentrations. Eventually, chromium, mercury and aluminium did not affect PLmCL. It is suggested that these effects reﬂect the ability of the metals to interact with the active site of the peroxidase. These results demonstrate that such interactions have to be considered when interpreting the effects of metals on immunocytes using the LmCL method. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The quenching of electrochemiluminescence upon oligonucleotide hybridization
Authors: Spehar Anna‐Maria , Koster Sander , Kulmala Sakari , Verpoorte Elisabeth , de Rooij Nico , Koudelka‐Hep Milena
Published: September 2004

Many genomic assays rely on a distance‐dependent interaction between luminescent labels, such as luminescence quenching or resonance energy transfer. We studied the interaction between electrochemically excited Ru(bpy)32+ and Cy5 in a hybridization assay on a chip. The 3′ end of an oligonucleotide was labelled with Ru(bpy)32+ and the 5′ end of a complementary strand with Cy5. Upon the hybridization, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)32+ was efﬁciently quenched by Cy5 with a sensitivity down to 30 nmol/L of the Cy5‐labelled complementary strand. The quenching efﬁciency is calculated to be 78%. A similar phenomenon was observed in a comparative study using laser‐excitation of Ru(bpy)32+. The hybridization with the non‐labelled complementary or labelled non‐complementary strand did not change the intensity of the ECL signal. Resonance energy transfer, electron transfer and static quenching mechanisms are discussed. Our results suggest that static quenching and/or electron transfer are the most likely quenching mechanisms. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antifeedant C20 Diterpene Alkaloids
Authors: González‐Coloma Azucena , Reina Matías , Guadaño Ana , Martínez‐Díaz Rafael , Díaz Jesús G. , García‐Rodriguez Juan , Alva Allenger , Grandez Maritza
Published: September 2004

We have tested the insect antifeedant and toxic activity of 21 C20 diterpenoid alkaloids on Spodoptera littoralis and Leptinotarsa decemlineata. The antifeedant effects of the test compounds were structure‐ and species‐dependent. The most active antifeedants to L. decemlineata and S. littoralis were the rearranged form of hetisine (20; EC50=1.7 μg/cm2) and 19‐oxodihydroatisine (9; EC50=0.1 μg/cm2), resp. Glandulosine (8) moderately affected orally injected S. littoralis larvae. A few compounds (13‐oxocardiopetamine (4), 9, and atisinium chloride (13)) had cytotoxic effects to insect‐derived Sf9 cells with varying degrees of selectivity with respect to mammalian CHO cells. Compounds 4 and 15,22‐O‐diacetyl‐19‐oxodihydroatisine (10) increased Trypanosoma cruzi mortality. Our results support the plant protective role of C20 diterpenoid alkaloids and open a new field for parasite control strategies.
Sequence‐Specific Binding of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe His1 Protein to Fission Yeast Telomeric DNA
Authors: Tomita Kazunori , Uritani Masahiro , Ushimaru Takashi , Yoshinaga Koichi , Ueno Masaru
Published: September 2004

Sequence‐specific proteinDNA interaction is critical for many important cellular processes such as transcription, DNA replication, and chromosome segregation. Identification of additional proteins that bind to DNA in a sequence‐specific manner will contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of molecular recognition between protein and DNA. We found that the ATP phosphoribosyl transferase His1, which catalyzes the first step in histidine biosynthesis, is bound to both single‐ and double‐stranded telomeric DNA. Competition experiments revealed that His1 is bound to a fission yeast telomeric DNA in a sequence‐specific manner. Previously identified sequence‐specific telomere‐binding proteins contain Myb domain. In contrast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe His1 does not contain Myb domain. These findings indicate that His1 has a novel DNA‐recognition domain.
Stereochemical Studies on the Making and Unmaking of Isopentenyl Diphosphate in Different Biological Systems
Authors: Laupitz Ralf , Gräwert Tobias , Rieder Christoph , Zepeck Ferdinand , Bacher Adelbert , Arigoni Duilio , Rohdich Felix , Eisenreich Wolfgang
Published: September 2004

To investigate the unknown stereochemical course of the reaction catalyzed by the type‐II isomerase, which interconverts isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), a sample of [1,2‐13C2]‐IPP stereospecifically labelled with 2H at C(2) was prepared by incubating a D2O solution of (E)‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl[1,2‐13C2]but‐2‐enyl diphosphate with a recombinant IspH protein of Escherichia coli in the presence of NADH as a reducing agent and flavodoxin as well as flavodoxin reductase as auxiliary proteins. As monitored by 13C‐NMR spectroscopy, treatment of the deuterated IPP with either type‐I or type‐II IPP isomerase resulted in the formation of DMAPP molecules retaining all the 2H label of the starting material. From the known stereochemical course of the type‐I isomerase‐catalyzed reaction, one has to conclude that the label introduced from D2O in the course of the IspH reaction resides specifically in the HSiC(2) position of IPP and that the two isomerases mobilize specifically the same HReC(2) ligand of their common IPP substrate. The outcome of an additional experiment, in which unlabelled IPP was incubated in D2O with the type‐II enzyme, demonstrates that the two isomerases also share the same preference in selecting for their reaction the (E)‐methyl group of DMAPP.
Is there a role for balloon valvuloplasty in patients with stenotic aortic bioprosthetic valves?
Authors: Kirwan Christopher , Richardson Gail , Rothman Martin T.
Published: September 2004

The management of patients with stenotic aortic bioprostheses is usually surgical. However, a proportion of such patients are unfit for such procedures. The technique of aortic balloon valvuloplasty as an alternative treatment strategy for such patients is explored. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2004;63:251–253. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Procedural efficacy and complications of X‐Sizer thrombectomy in de novo and stented lesions
Authors: Pate Gordon E. , Lowe Robert , Kuchela Arun , Buller Christopher E. , Vaderah Sanjeev , Carere Ronald G. , Ricci Donald R. , Hamburger Jaap N. , Webb John G.
Published: September 2004

Angiographic thrombus is associated with poorer procedural and clinical outcomes. We report our experience with the X‐Sizer thrombectomy device (EndiCOR Medical) from March 2001 to December 2002. Indications for use in 44 patients (33 male; mean age, 60) included myocardial infarction (27), unstable angina (6), periprocedural thrombosis (2), acute (< 24 hr) stent thrombosis (1), and subacute (> 24 hr) stent thrombosis (8). Three cases involved vein grafts. Deployment was successful in 42/44. Difficulty traversing the stent occurred in 5/9 cases of in‐stent thrombosis. Median TIMI flow increased from 1 to 2 (P = 0.01) postthrombectomy. Median final TIMI flow was 3. Complications included dissection (1), perforation, device jam on stent (1), disruption of a covered stent (1), distal macro‐embolization (4), and transient no‐reflow (5). The X‐Sizer thrombectomy device improves TIMI flow but does not always prevent distal embolization. Care is needed when treating in‐stent thrombosis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:177–182. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative coronary arteriography on digital flat‐panel system
Authors: Van Herck Paul L. , Gavit Laurence , Gorissen Peter , Wuyts Floris L. , Claeys Marc J. , Bosmans Johan M. , Benali Karim , Vrints Christiaan J.
Published: September 2004

On images acquired with a digital flat‐panel (DFP) detector, known for its better image quality, the performance of a validated quantitative coronary arteriography (QCA) software, CAASII (Cardiovascular Angiography Analysis System or CAAS), and a DFP‐dedicated QCA algorithm (flat‐panel analysis software or FPAS) was compared in a phantom and a patient study. On phantom, FPAS performed with higher accuracy the quantification of the smallest tubes and the calibration of an empty catheter. The overall accuracy and precision for the quantification procedure was better for FPAS (0.07 ± 0.04 mm) than for the CAAS (0.19 ± 0.06 mm; P = 0.03 and P < 0.01, respectively). In the patient study, the main difference between the two algorithms was found in the small diameters: CAAS almost always gave higher values than FPAS for the minimal luminal diameter (P < 0.001) and could only give values up to 70% for diameter stenosis. In conclusion, the FPAS can be considered more appropriate for assessing severe stenoses on digital flat‐panel images. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:192–200. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcatheter therapy of long extreme subatretic aortic coarctations with covered stents
Authors: Ewert Peter , Abdul‐Khaliq Hashim , Peters Bjoern , Nagdyman Nicole , Schubert Stephan , Lange Peter E.
Published: September 2004

We report our experience with the transcatheter treatment of long extreme subatretic coarctations in four adult patients by the implantation of covered stents. The minimal narrowing of the stenosis was 0.014″ to 2 mm; the hypoplastic distance measured between 21 and 42 mm. Polytetrafluoroethylene‐covered stents 39–50 mm long were implanted and 6 months later redilated. Residual pressure gradients ranged from 0 to 10 mm Hg. One stent fracture required the implantation of a second stent after 6 months. The follow‐up period ranges from 18 to 4 months and has been uneventful so far. Covered stents seem to have the potential to extend the limits of interventional therapy to extreme forms of aortic coarctations. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:236–239. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cutting balloon angioplasty vs. conventional balloon angioplasty in patients receiving intracoronary brachytherapy for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Fasseas Panayotis , Orford James L. , Lennon Ryan , O'Neill Jessica , Denktas Ali E. , Panetta Carmelo J. , Berger Peter B. , Holmes David R.
Published: September 2004

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cutting balloon angioplasty (CBA) for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis prior to intracoronary brachytherapy (ICB). Cutting balloon angioplasty may reduce the incidence of uncontrolled dissection requiring adjunctive stenting and may limit “melon seeding” and geographic miss in patients with in‐stent restenosis who are subsequently treated with ICB. We performed a retrospective case‐control analysis of 134 consecutive patients with in‐stent restenosis who were treated with ICB preceded by either CBA or conventional balloon angioplasty. We identified 44 patients who underwent CBA and ICB, and 90 control patients who underwent conventional percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and ICB for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis. Adjunctive coronary stenting was performed in 13 patients (29.5%) in the CBA/ICB group and 41 patients (45.6%; P < 0.001) in the PTCA/ICB group. There was no difference in the injury length or active treatment (ICB) length. The procedural and angiographic success rates were similar in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of death, myocardial infarction, recurrent angina pectoris, subsequent target lumen revascularization, or the composite endpoint of all four clinical outcomes (P > 0.05). Despite sound theoretical reasons why CBA may be better than conventional balloon angioplasty for treatment of in‐stent restenosis with ICB, and despite a reduction in the need for adjunctive coronary stenting, we were unable to identify differences in clinical outcome. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:152–157. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel percutaneous adventitial drug delivery system for regional vascular treatment
Authors: Ikeno Fumiaki , Lyons Jennifer , Kaneda Hideaki , Baluom Muhammad , Benet Leslie Z. , Rezaee Mehrdad
Published: September 2004

A novel intracoronary microsyringe system (MicroSyringe) was developed for regulated drug injection into the adventitial space. In this report, the feasibility, safety, and distribution pattern of vascular treatment with this modality were tested in 17 swine by delivering Oregon green‐labeled paclitaxel (OGP) and tacrolimus. Coronaries were harvested 0.5–96 hr postinjection and analyzed for drug by fluorescence histochemistry (OGP) and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (tacrolimus). Histopathological analysis was subsequently performed. The microsyringe deliveries were performed safely in all cases. In the OGP‐injected group, within 2 hr postprocedure there was intense staining of the adventitia, media, and endothelium around the injection site, and by 23 hr staining extended distally by 27.5 mm. With tacrolimus, similar longitudinal drug distribution was seen; furthermore, by 48 hr there was detectable drug over 40 mm proximal and distal to the injection site. Significant levels of tacrolimus were detectable in coronaries at 96 hr. Percutaneous adventitial delivery is safe, feasible, and provides consistent dosing for complete treatment of a vascular territory. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:222–230. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Structural Influence in the Stability of Polymer‐Bound Diazonium Salts
Authors: Bräse Stefan , Dahmen Stefan , Popescu Crisan , Schroen Maarten , Wortmann Franz‐Josef
Published: September 2004

Various new diazonium ions on a polymeric support that have a variety of counterions and complexation with crown ethers have been prepared, and the thermal stability of these resins over a larger temperature interval has been investigated. Nonisothermal kinetics applied to DSC data have been used predicting the lifetime of the resins.
Asymmetric Desymmetrization Based on an Intramolecular Haloetherification: A Highly Effective and Recyclable Chiral Nonracemic Auxiliary, 2‐exo‐Methyl‐3‐endo‐phenyl‐5‐norbornene‐2‐carboxaldehyde, for meso‐1,3‐ and meso‐1,4‐Diols
Authors: Fujioka Hiromichi , Fujita Tetsuya , Kotoku Naoyuki , Ohba Yusuke , Nagatomi Yasushi , Hiramatsu Atsushi , Kita Yasuyuki
Published: September 2004

A new chiral auxiliary, a 3‐endo‐phenyl norbornene aldehyde derivative, which is a crystalline, very stable, and easily handled, was developed for the desymmetrization of meso‐1,3‐ and meso‐1,4‐diols. The key step of the method, an intramolecular bromoetherification, proceeded in a highly diastereoselective manner. A four‐step sequence, 1) acetalization, 2) intramolecular bromoetherification followed by acid hydrolysis, 3) protection of the alcohol, and 4) retrobromoetherification, transformed the meso‐diols into optically active derivatives. The 3‐endo‐phenyl norbornene aldehyde derivative was simultaneously reformed and could be used repeatedly. This is the first chemical example of a single auxiliary that is applicable for highly enantioselective desymmetrization of meso‐1,3‐ and meso‐1,4‐diols; to the best of our knowledge, this is the best chemical method available for the desymmetrization of meso‐1,4‐diols.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Photocatalytic One‐Electron Oxidation Reaction of Aromatic Compounds Adsorbed on a TiO2 Surface
Authors: Tachikawa Takashi , Yoshida Akihiro , Tojo Sachiko , Sugimoto Akira , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Majima Tetsuro
Published: September 2004

The TiO2 photocatalytic one‐electron oxidation mechanism of aromatic sulfides with a methylene bridging group (‐(CH2)n‐, n=0–4) between the 4‐(methylthio)phenyl chromophore and the carboxylate binding group on the surface of a TiO2 powder slurried in acetonitrile (MeCN) has been investigated by time‐resolved diffuse reflectance (TDR) spectroscopy. The electronic coupling element (HDA) between the hole donor and acceptor, which was estimated from the spectroscopic characteristics of the charge transfer (CT) complexes of the substrates (S) and the TiO2 surface, exhibited an exponential decline with the increasing of the methylene number of S. The determined decay factor (β) of 9 nm−1 also supports the fact that the 4‐(methylthio)phenyl chromophore is separated from the TiO2 surface. The efficiency of the one‐electron oxidation of S adsorbed on the TiO2 surface, which was determined from the relationship between the amount of adsorbates and the concentration of the generated radical cations, significantly depended on the HDA value, but not on the oxidation potential of S determined in homogeneous solution.
Structural Analysis for Crystalline and Amorphous LnFe2Dx (Ln: Ho, Tb) by X‐Ray/Neutron Diffraction and Reverse Monte Carlo Modeling.
Authors: Itoh Keiji , Miyajima Yoshinobu , Aoki Kiyoshi , Fukunaga Toshiharu
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Electronic Structure and Lattice Geometry of LaPtSn.
Authors: Divis Martin , Janousova Blanka , Rusz Jan , Sechovsky Vladimir , Richter Manuel , Opahle Ingo
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Structures of the Compounds Ni3Te2, Ni3‐δTe2 (δ = 0.12) and Ni1.29Te.
Authors: Gulay L. D. , Olekseyuk I. D.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Probing the Limits of the Zintl Concept: Structure and Bonding in Rare‐Earth and Alkaline‐Earth Zinc‐Antimonides Yb9Zn4+xSb9 and Ca9Zn4.5Sb9.
Authors: Bobev Svilen , Thompson Joe D. , Sarrao John L. , Olmstead Marilyn M. , Hope Haakon , Kauzlarich Susan M.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Second Modification of Mercury(I) Orthoarsenate(V): Preparation and Crystal Structure of β‐(Hg2)3(AsO4)2.
Authors: Weil Matthias
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Chemical Vapor Transport of Solid Solutions. Part 12. Chemical Vapor Transport of Mixed Phases in the System ZnS/ZnTe.
Authors: Rose C. , Binnewies M.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Comprehensive Electrochemical Studies on Some Synthesized Substituted 3‐Arylazo‐2,4,6‐trimethylquinolines.
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Kumar Ashok , Pandey Priti , Rane Nilesh
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclopropylphosphonates Containing Quaternary Stereocenters Using a D2‐Symmetric Chiral Catalyst Rh2(S‐biTlSP)2.
Authors: Davies Huw M. L. , Lee Gene H.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Reactions of Enecarbamates with Ethyl Glyoxylate to Give Optically Active syn and anti α‐Alkyl‐β‐Hydroxy Imines and Ketones.
Authors: Matsubara Ryosuke , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Kobayashi Shu
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ultrasound‐Promoted Reduction of Conjugated Enones, α‐Diketones and Acyloins with NaBH4 under Aprotic Condition.
Authors: Zeynizadeh Behzad , Yahyaei Saiedeh
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile Preparation of Benzylic Iodides under Solvent‐Free Conditions Using Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Lee Jong Chan , Park Jin Young , Yoo Eun Sang
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hydrosilylation of Alkynes with a Cationic Rhodium Species Formed in an Anionic Micellar System.
Authors: Sato Akinori , Kinoshita Hidenori , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Oshima Koichiro
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Recyclable Heterogeneous Rh/SiO2 Catalyst Enhanced by Organic PPh3 Ligand.
Authors: Zhu Hejun , Ding Yunjie , Yan Li , Lu Yuan , Li Can , Bao Xinhe , Lin Liwu
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Improved Carbonylation of Heterocyclic Chlorides and Electronically Challenging Aryl Bromides.
Authors: Albaneze‐Walker Jennifer , Bazaral Charles , Leavey Tanya , Dormer Peter G. , Murry Jerry A.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Low‐Valent Titanium Induced Reductive Deprotection of Oximes.
Authors: Fan Xuesen , Zhang Xinying , Zhang Yongmin
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Trans‐Selective Conversions of γ‐Hydroxy‐α,β‐alkynoic Esters to γ‐Hydroxy‐α,β‐alkenoic Esters.
Authors: Meta Christopher T. , Koide Kazunori
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diastereoselection During Allylindium Addition to Norbornyl α‐Diketones.
Authors: Khan Faiz A. , Dash Jyotirmayee
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of o‐Alkoxy‐Substituted Arylenamides.
Authors: Le Julie Cong‐Dung , Pagenkopf Brian L.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
α‐Aminoallylation of Aldehydes with Ammonia: Stereoselective Synthesis of Homoallylic Primary Amines.
Authors: Sugiura Masaharu , Hirano Keiichi , Kobayashi Shu
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Alkylation of Substituted Benzaldehyde on a Solid Matrix by Using Grignard Reagent.
Authors: Patel Sabita , Panda Mamata P. , Kuanar Minati , Mishra B. K.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Aminolysis of Aromatic Epoxides: A Facile Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of anti‐β‐Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Bartoli Giuseppe , Bosco Marcella , Carlone Armando , Locatelli Manuela , Massaccesi Massimo , Melchiorre Paolo , Sambri Letizia
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dicationic Intermediates Involving Protonated Amides: Dual Modes of Reactivity Including the Acylation of Arenes.
Authors: Klumpp Douglas A. , Rendy Rendy , Zhang Yun , Gomez Alma , McElrea Aaron
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Ethyl α‐Cyanocinnamate in the Presence of CaO.
Authors: Lu Yeying , Ren Zhongjiao , Cao Weiguo , Tong Weiqi , Gao Mengfei
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Mild Protocol for the Deoxygenation of α‐Hydrogen‐Containing Sulfoxides to the Corresponding Sulfides.
Authors: Bhatia Gurpreet S. , Graczyk Piotr P.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Unsymmetrical Diaryl Sulfones Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Boronic Acids and Arylsulfonyl Chlorides.
Authors: Bandgar B. P. , Bettigeri Sampada V. , Phopase Jaywant
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Aqueous Photo‐Dimerization Using 2‐Pyridylsilyl Group as a Removable Hydrophilic Group.
Authors: Nokami Toshiki , Itami Kenichiro , Yoshida Jun‐ichi
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of Alkylation Agents for Bulged DNA Microenvironments.
Authors: Fouad Farid S. , Xi Zhen , Goldberg Irving H. , Jones Graham B.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzo[b]furans Through Unusual Acid Catalyzed 1,2‐Elimination.
Authors: Jha Ashok K. , Sharma Pushkar C. , Maulik Prakas R. , Yadav Umesh , Hajela K.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Survey of Acid Catalysis and Oxidation Conditions in the Two‐Step, One‐Flask Synthesis of Meso‐Substituted Corroles via Dipyrromethanedicarbinols and Pyrrole.
Authors: Geier G. Richard III , Chick Jeffrey Forris Beecham , Callinan Jennifer B. , Reid Christopher G. , Auguscinski Waldemar P.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 7‐Alkoxy/Hydroxy‐α‐methyltryptamines.
Authors: Dubash Nauzer P. , Mangu Naveen K. , Satyam Apparao
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrazole‐5(3)‐carboxyamides.
Authors: Martins Marcos A. P. , et al. et al.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2‐Alkyl‐4‐arylimidazoles: Structurally Novel Sodium Channel Modulators.
Authors: Liberatore Anne‐Marie , Schulz Jocelyne , Pommier Jacques , Barthelemy Marie‐Anne , Huchet Marion , Chabrier Pierre‐Etienne , Bigg Dennis
Published: September 2004

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A Novel Ring‐Opening Reaction of (Z)‐2‐Methyl‐4‐arylmethylene‐5(4H)‐oxazolone Derivatives with Acylhydrazines.
Authors: Maekawa Kei , Kanno Yoshitaka , Kubo Kanji , Igarashi Tetsutaro , Sakurai Tadamitsu
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Three‐Component Synthesis of 3‐Aminomethylene‐thiochroman‐2,4‐diones from 4‐Hydroxythiocoumarin.
Authors: Park Hyun‐Ja , Lee Kee‐In
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis and Activity of New Aryl‐ and Heteroaryl‐Substituted 5,6‐Dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐b]pyrazole Inhibitors of the Transforming Growth Factor‐β Type I Receptor Kinase Domain.
Authors: Sawyer J. Scott , et al. et al.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel and Potent Transforming Growth Factor Beta Type I Receptor Kinase Domain Inhibitor: 7‐Amino 4‐(2‐Pyridin‐2‐yl‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo [1,2‐b]pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐quinolines.
Authors: Li Hong‐yu , Wang Yan , Yan Lei , Campbell Robert M. , Anderson Bryan D. , Wagner Jill R. , Yingling Jonathan M.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Aminomethylpyridines as DPP‐IV Inhibitors.
Authors: Peters Jens‐Uwe , Weber Silja , Kritter Stephane , Weiss Peter , Wallier Angelina , Zimmerli Daniel , Boehringer Markus , Steger Matthias , Loeffler Bernd‐Michael
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantiopure Bicyclic Piperidinones: Stereocontrolled Conjugate Additions Leading to Substituted Piperidinones.
Authors: Brewster Andrew G. , Broady Simon , Hughes Mark , Moloney Mark G. , Woods Gordon
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 7‐N‐(n‐Alkoxyphthalimido)‐2‐hydroxy‐4‐aryl‐6‐aryliminothiazolidino [2,3‐b]pyrimidines and Related Compounds.
Authors: Singh Bhawani Singh , Mehta Deepika , Baregama Lalit K. , Talesara G. L.
Published: September 2004

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile Synthesis of Substituted Quinazolin‐4‐(3H)‐ones Using Low‐Valence Titanium Reagent.
Authors: Shi Daqing , Rong Liangce , Wang Juxian , Zhuang Qiya , Wang Xiangshan , Hu Hongwen
Published: September 2004

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Solid‐Phase One Step Synthesis of 4H‐4′‐Exomethylene‐bis[quinazolin‐2‐enols]
Authors: Ganai B. A. , Koul Summon , Razdan T. K. , Andotra C. S.
Published: September 2004

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Microwave‐Assisted N‐Arylation of a Sulfoximine with Aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Harmata Michael , Hong Xuechuan , Ghosh Sunil K.
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis of 4‐Acetylaminobenzo[15]crown‐5.
Authors: Wei Tai‐Bao , Zhou Yan‐Qing , Zhang You‐Ming
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis of 3‐O‐Acyl/3‐Benzylidene/3‐Hydrazone/3‐Hydrazine/17‐Carboxyacryloyl Ester Derivatives of Betulinic Acid as anti‐Angiogenic Agents.
Authors: Mukherjee Rama , Jaggi Manu , Rajendran Praveen , Srivastava Sanjay K. , Siddiqui Mohammad J. A. , Vardhan Anand , Burman Anand C.
Published: September 2004

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Efficient Methodology for the Synthesis of 2‐C‐Branched Glyco‐amino Acids by Ring Opening of 1,2‐Cyclopropanecarboxylated Sugars.
Authors: Sridhar Perali Ramu , Ashalu K. Chinna , Chandrasekaran S.
Published: September 2004

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A Rapid and Convenient Synthesis of α and β Forms of Acetylated Derivatives of Sugars under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Patil Basanagoud S. , Babu Vommina V. Suresh
Published: September 2004

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An Efficient Synthesis of Derivatives of 2‐Acetamido‐4‐amino‐2,4,6‐trideoxy‐D‐galactopyranose.
Authors: Liang Hong , Grindley T. Bruce
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis of C‐3 Branched Allyl and Pentadienyl Glucosamines via Radical Coupling of Sugar‐Thionocarbonates.
Authors: Wan Qian , Lubineau Andre , Scherrmann Marie‐Christine
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis of C‐Aryl‐Δ2,3‐glycopyranosides via Uncatalyzed Addition of Triarylindium Reagents to Glycals.
Authors: Price Sarah , Edwards Stephen , Wu Tiffany , Minehan Thomas
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis and anti‐HIV Activity of 4′‐Cyano‐2′,3′‐didehydro‐3′‐deoxythymidine.
Authors: Haraguchi Kazuhiro , Itoh Yoshiharu , Takeda Shingo , Honma Yosuke , Tanaka Hiromichi , Nitanda Takao , Baba Masanori , Dutschman Ginger E. , Cheng Yung‐Chi
Published: September 2004

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The Synthesis of [(β‐D‐Ribofuranosyloxy)methyl]nucleosides.
Authors: Mereyala Hari Babu , Mamidyala Sreeman Kumar
Published: September 2004

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Constituents of Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae).
Authors: Qi Shu‐Hua , Wu Da‐Gang , Zhang Si , Luo Xiao‐Dong
Published: September 2004

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Lehrbuch der Organischen Chemie.
Authors: Walter Wolfgang , Francke Wittko
Published: September 2004

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N‐Isoquinolin‐5‐yl‐N′‐aralkyl‐urea and ‐amide Antagonists of Human Vanilloid Receptor 1.
Authors: Jetter Michele C. , Youngman Mark A. , McNally James J. , Zhang Sui‐Po , Dubin Adrienne E. , Nasser Nadia , Dax Scott L.
Published: September 2004

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Spin Order Manipulations in Nanostructures of II—VI Ferromagnetic Semiconductors
Authors: Dietl Tomasz
Published: September 2004

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Molecular Nanomagnets: The First 10 Years
Authors: Gatteschi Dante , Sessoli Roberta
Published: September 2004

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Silver and Gold
Authors: Gimeno M. C. , Laguna A.
Published: September 2004

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Germanium, Tin, and Lead
Authors: Parr J.
Published: September 2004

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Dinuclear Metal—Metal Bonded Systems
Authors: Eglin J. L.
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis and Applications of Polymers Containing Metallacyclopentadiene Moieties in the Main Chain
Authors: Tomita Ikuyoshi , Ueda Masahiro
Published: September 2004

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Recent Advances in the Mitsunobu Reaction: Modified Reagents and the Quest for Chromatography‐Free Separation
Authors: Dembinski Roman
Published: September 2004

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Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds by the Reactions of Exocyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones
Authors: Levai Albert
Published: September 2004

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Formation of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Heterocyclic Rings under Radical Cyclization Conditions
Authors: Majumdar Krishna C. , Basu Pradipta K. , Mukhopadhyay Partha P.
Published: September 2004

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The Development of Strategies and Methods for the Synthesis of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Nelson Adam
Published: September 2004

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Mixtures of Chiral Monodentate P‐Ligands: A New Principle in Combinatorial Asymmetric Transition Metal Catalysis
Authors: Reetz Manfred T.
Published: September 2004

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Macrocyclic Phosphine and Arsine Ligands
Authors: Levason W. , Reid G.
Published: September 2004

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Acyclic Thio‐, Seleno‐, and Telluroether Ligands
Authors: Levason W. , Reid G.
Published: September 2004

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Dichalcogenoimidodiphosph(in)ate Ligands
Authors: Haiduc I.
Published: September 2004

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Phosphazenes
Authors: van de Grampel J. C.
Published: September 2004

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Silicon‐Containing Heterocycles in Stereocontrolled Radical Additions to Chiral Hydrazones
Authors: Friestad Gregory K. , Jiang Tao , Mathies Alex K. , Massari Sara E.
Published: September 2004

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High Spin Chemistry Underlying Organic Molecular Magnetism: Topological Symmetry Rule as the First Principle of Spin Alignment in Organic Open‐Shell Systems of π‐Conjugation and Their Ions
Authors: Itoh Koichi , Takui Takeji
Published: September 2004

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Chemistry: Chemical Topology and Interlocking Molecules
Authors: Siegel Jay S.
Published: September 2004

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Energetics and Dynamics of Peptide Fragmentation from Multiple‐Collision Activation and Surface‐Induced Dissociation Studies
Authors: Laskin Julia
Published: September 2004

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CH/π‐Hydrogen Bonds in Crystals
Authors: Nishio Motohiro
Published: September 2004

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Tautomerism and Expert Systems in Spectroscopy. Part 1. The Problem, Ramifications for Spectral Databases, and Current Solutions
Authors: Hachey Michel R. J.
Published: September 2004

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Splenic marginal zone lymphoma with or without villous lymphocytes
Authors: Iannitto Emilio , Ambrosetti Achille , Ammatuna Emanuele , Colosio Maura , Florena Ada M. , Tripodo Claudio , Minardi Viviana , Calvaruso Giuseppina , Enza Mitra Maria , Pizzolo Giovanni , Menestrina Fabio , Franco Vito
Published: September 2004

BACKGROUND

Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a well defined pathologic entity. However, questions regarding the bone marrow infiltration rate, the minimal diagnostic data set, and therapy remain unanswered.

METHODS

Clinical‐pathologic features and outcomes of 57 consecutive patients who had splenomegaly with no clinically significant lymphadenomegaly and who were diagnosed with SMZL with or without (±) villous lymphocytes (VL) were reviewed.

RESULTS

SMVL ± VL occurred mostly in elderly males (median age, 62 years ± 10 years; male‐to‐female ratio, (1.85). Anemia was recorded in 49% of patients, and 30% of patients had moderate thrombocytopenia. Leukocytosis and leukopenia were found in 33% and 14% of patients, respectively, and typical VL were found in 84% of patients. Serology for hepatitis C virus infection was positive in 16% of patients, and a small monoclonal component was detected in 36% of patients. The bone marrow was infiltrated with an intrasinusoidal component in all patients. Thirteen patients were monitored using a watch‐and‐see policy, and they remained alive 1–5 years after diagnosis. Overall, 21 patients (36%) underwent splenectomy; and, in all patients, the diagnosis of SMZL was confirmed histologically in the surgical specimens. Twenty‐five patients received single‐agent therapy, which included either alkylators or pentostatine, and they achieved an overall response rate (ORR) of 65% and 87%, respectively: Polychemotherapy was administered to 6 patients (ORR, 83%). The median survival for all patients in the series was not reached, and it is expected that 70% of patients will be alive at 5 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Up to 20% of patients who had SMZL ± VL could be monitored using a watch‐and‐wait policy. The bone marrow intrasinusoidal infiltration pattern may be a valuable diagnostic hallmark, thus obviating diagnostic splenectomy. The issues regarding prognostic stratification and the best therapeutic strategy need to be addressed in properly designed, prospective trials. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Differential expression of p120 catenin in glial cells of the adult rat brain
Authors: Chauvet Norbert , Privat Alain , Prieto Monica
Published: September 2004

p120 catenin (p120ctn) is involved in the regulation of cadherin‐mediated adhesion and the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton by modulating RhoGTPase activity. We have previously described the distribution of p120ctn during rat brain development and provided substantial evidence for the potential involvement of p120ctn in morphogenetic events and plasticity in the central nervous system. Here, we analyzed the cellular and ultrastructural distribution of p120ctn in glial cells of the adult rat forebrain. The highest intensity of immunostaining for p120ctn was found in cells of the choroid plexus and ependyma and was mainly restricted to the plasma membrane. However, p120ctn was almost absent from astrocytes. In contrast, in tanycytes, a particular glial cell exhibiting remarkable morphological plasticity, p120ctn, was localized at the plasma membrane and also in the cytoplasm. We show that a large subpopulation of oligodendrocytes expressed multiple isoforms, whereas other neural cells predominantly expressed isoform 1, and that p120ctn immunoreactivity was distributed through the cytoplasm and at certain portions of the plasma membrane. Finally, p120ctn was expressed by a small population of cortical NG2‐expressing cells, whereas it was expressed by a large population of these cells in the white matter. However, in both regions, proliferating NG2‐positive cells consistently expressed p120ctn. The expression of p120ctn by cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage suggests that p120ctn may participate in oligodendrogenesis and myelination. Moreover, the expression of p120ctn by various cell types and its differential subcellular distribution strongly suggest that p120ctn may serve multiple functions in the central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol. 479:15–29, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Green's function and large‐time behavior of solutions for the one‐dimensional Boltzmann equation
Authors: Liu Tai‐Ping , Yu Shih‐Hsien
Published: September 2004

We study the pointwise behavior of the Green function of the Boltzmann equation. Our results reveal the particle and fluid aspects of the equation. The particle aspect is represented by singular waves. These waves are carried by transport equations and dominate the short‐time behavior of the solution. We devise a Picard‐type iteration for the construction of the increasingly regular particle‐like waves. The fluid‐like waves reveal the dissipative behavior of the type of Navier‐Stokes equations as seen usually by the Chapman‐Enskog expansion. These waves are constructed as part of the long waves expansion in the spectrum of the Fourier mode for the space variable. The fluid‐like waves represent the long‐time behavior of the solution. As an application, we obtain the pointwise description of the large‐time behavior of the convergence to the global Maxwellian when the initial perturbation is necessarily smooth. In our analysis of the exchanges of the microscopic velocity decay and space decay, we make essential uses of the hard sphere models. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gamma‐convergence of gradient flows with applications to Ginzburg‐Landau
Authors: Sandier Etienne , Serfaty Sylvia
Published: September 2004

We present a method to prove convergence of gradient flows of families of energies that Γ‐converge to a limiting energy. It provides lower‐bound criteria to obtain the convergence that correspond to a sort of C1‐order Γ‐convergence of functionals. We then apply this method to establish the limiting dynamical law of a finite number of vortices for the heat flow of the Ginzburg‐Landau energy in dimension 2, retrieving in a different way the existing results for the case without magnetic field and obtaining new results for the case with magnetic field. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A lower‐epiperimetric inequality for area‐minimizing surfaces
Authors: Rivière Tristan
Published: September 2004

The epiperimetric inequality introduced by E. R. Reifenberg in [3] gives a rate of decay at a point for the decreasing k‐density of area of an area‐minimizing integral k‐cycle. While dilating the cycle at that point, this rate of decay holds once the configuration is close to a tangent cone configuration and above the limiting density corresponding to that configuration. This is why we propose to call the Reifenberg epiperimetric inequality an upper‐epiperimetric inequality. A direct consequence of this upper‐epiperimetric inequality is the statement that any point possesses a unique tangent cone. The upper‐epiperimetric inequality was proven by B. White in [5] for area‐minimizing 2‐cycles in ℝn. In the present paper we introduce the notion of a lower‐epiperimetric inequality. This inequality gives this time a rate of decay for the decreasing k‐density of area of an area‐minimizing integral k‐cycle, while dilating the cycle at a point once the configuration is close to a tangent cone configuration and below the limiting density corresponding to that configuration. Our main result in the present paper is to prove the lower‐epiperimetric inequality for area‐minimizing 2‐cycles in ℝn. As a consequence of this inequality we prove the “splitting before tilting” phenomenon for calibrated 2‐rectifiable cycles, which plays a crucial role in the proof of the regularity of 1‐1 integral currents in [4]. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Studies on Manganese(II) Complexes of N‐Benzimidazole‐Functionalized 1,4,7‐Triazacyclononane: Crystal Structures, Properties and Combined Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Functions
Authors: Li Qing‐Xiang , Luo Qin‐Hui , Li Yi‐Zhi , Pan Zhi‐Quan , Shen Meng‐Chang
Published: September 2004

Two new manganese(II) complexes [MnL1Cl2] and [MnL2Cl]ClO4·MeOH were synthesized [L1 = 1‐(benzimidazol‐2‐ylmethyl)‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane; L2 = 1,4‐bis(benzimidazol‐2‐ylmethyl)‐1,4,7‐triazacyclonone) and characterized by standard physical methods. The new complexes have better stability than the parent complex due to the introduction of benzimidazole groups on the backbone of tacn. The complexes were studied as superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics by the riboflavin photoreduction method at pH 7.4. In basic or weakly basic solutions, the complexes decompose hydrogen peroxide catalytically, and possess the combined functions of SOD and catalase. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)