bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saberes em legitimação na formação de professores: diálogos entre universidade e escola
Authors: Barbosa Aparecida Maria Cantarino , Freitas Cláudia Avellar
Published: August 2024

Este artigo descreve a trajetória e alguns resultados do estabelecimento de um grupo de formação de professores no âmbito do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência, entrelaçada a reflexões sobre a formação docente que se realiza no espaço constituído entre a universidade e a escola básica. Ele foi escrito com base na experiência de participação em uma mesa-redonda que teve como objetivo promover um debate sobre as diferentes formas de interação da escola com a universidade no processo de formação inicial e continuada de professores. A partir das palestras nesta mesa, de discursos críticos sobre a formação e o trabalho docente e das pesquisas de Tardif sobre os saberes docentes, constrói-se um posicionamento a favor da valorização dos saberes experienciais nos currículos dos cursos de licenciatura e a favor da legitimação da prática dos(as) professores (as) da escola básica como base do conhecimento que é imprescindível à formação inicial docente. Para exemplificar formas de valorizar o trabalho dos(as) professores(as) da escola básica apresentamos alguns de nossos trabalhos desenvolvidos no âmbito do PIBID e concluímos afirmando que temos consciência de que há problemas na formação de professores cujo enfrentamento é perene, uma vez que a formação de um(a) professor(a) é um processo sem fim.
Formação docente em Ensino de Ciências: uma reflexão a partir da epistemologia da ignorância
Authors: Rodrigues e Silva Fábio Augusto , Coutinho Francisco Ângelo
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo apresentamos algumas reflexões oriundas de nossas pesquisas em formação docente. Para tanto, trazemos as contribuições dos estudos dos sistemas de produção de ignorância, da epistemologia da prática e dos estudos de produção de realidades colaterais para pensar esses processos de capacitação profissional. O primeiro referencial nos propicia repensar as premissas que sustentam as pesquisas tradicionais que sustentam a noção de déficit e que não valorizam os saberes que são produzidos na prática, perpetuando um distanciamento entre a academia e a escola. O segundo referencial nos conduz a investigação in loco e nos desafia a desvelar e socializar os saberes que são produzidos por docentes quando envolvidos nas múltiplas tarefas do ensinar. Por último, ressaltamos como os diferentes sujeitos, objetos e processos têm efeitos performativos sobre a realidade, o que possibilita a criação de novas entidades e relações com o mundo. Terminamos com a sugestão de criarmos espaços de hesitação para pensarmos a formação docente.
Relações entre os movimentos reformistas educacionais do ensino de ciências nos Estados Unidos e Brasil na década de 1960
Authors: Azevedo Maicon , Selles Sandra , Lima-Tavares Daniele
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo examina as relações entre dois movimentos educacionais que visaram reformar o ensino de Ciências em nível secundário nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil na década de 1960. O estudo apoia-se em referenciais do campo do currículo, em especial, na história das disciplinas escolares. Mobilizando esses referenciais, analisa-se o manual pedagógico de auxílio ao professor de Biologia (Biology Teachers’s Handbook), produzido em 1963 no âmbito de um dos projetos de reforma do currículo das escolas secundárias norte-americanas, e o Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS), que é traduzido e adaptado no contexto do movimento de renovação do ensino de ciências no Brasil neste período. A despeito das distinções entre a reforma norteamericana, da influência que exerce no ensino de Ciências brasileiro, e, sobretudo, da hegemonia exercida sobre o Brasil, argumenta-se em favor de bases epistemológicas comuns que sustentam o ideário reformista nesses países. Sob a liderança de Jerome Bruner e Joseph Schwab e com o protagonismo de eminentes cientistas, esta reforma anuncia uma ruptura das ideias escolanovistas de Dewey. Entretanto, a análise do manual sugere que esse ideário é ressignificado sem abandonar completamente suas bases.
Ensino de filosofia ou o conteúdo da filosofia e a filosofia como conteúdo
Authors: Alves Antônio José Lopes , Silva Sabina Maura
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo se dirige ao problema da delimitação da filosofia como conjunto de conhecimentos postos frente à posição da própria filosofia como conteúdo de uma discussão específica. O produzido pela tradição filosófica aparece então como material de exame e de exercício de pensamento, não somente enquanto um produto dado e acabado, não obstante este aspecto exista, mas igualmente como um pretexto e um ponto de partida da produção de novas formas reflexivas. A história se define como produção de pressupostos, no caso, cognitivos e discursivos, a serem desenvolvidos criticamente, no sentido de ultrapassar o caráter datado daqueles, tanto no que se refere ao remetimento para com o momento histórico particular no qual foram produzidos, quanto o limite conceitual intrínseco que apresentam os conceitos. As categorias filosóficas são entendidas, portanto, como pontos de partida para a reformulação conceitual permanente da reflexão e não como um quadro de conteúdos a serem apenas apreendidos e reproduzidos. Entendimento que remodula o exercício de leitura no sentido da apreensão crítica de sentido, objetivamente posto no texto da tradição, o qual uma vez apropriado pode ser interpelado pelo estudante na prática em classe, em discussões e debates. Vigência reconhecida do conteúdo filosófico na trama de sua forma específica e de seu linguajar particular, mas que não redunda então na coletânea erudita do pensamento alheio, e sim na transformação do proceder filosófico em subsídio do pensar por conta própria, em ferramenta de rigor e lucidez.
Os notáveis do Instituto de Educação: professores catedráticos do curso Normal nos anos 1950-60
Authors: Lopes Sonia Castro
Published: August 2024

Este artigo focaliza as trajetórias dos professores catedráticos Vicente Tapajós (1917-1998) e Evanildo Bechara (1928), referenciados pelas ex-alunas como “notáveis” e que compuseram o corpo docente do Instituto de Educação em uma época identificada como o período áureo da instituição. Resultados dessa investigação apontam para a hierarquização do corpo docente do Instituto a partir de critérios que contemplam o nível de formação desses professores, a forma de acesso à carreira, a valorização social das disciplinas ministradas, as redes de sociabilidade nas quais estavam envolvidos, além do volume e alcance das obras didáticas produzidas.
O trabalho docente na educação infantil: os desafios do processo de profissionalização do ensino
Authors: Recco Kethylin Viotto , Souza Neto Samuel de , VedovattoIza Dijnane Fernanda
Published: August 2024

Este estudo trata do trabalho docente na Educação Infantil, tendo como foco os desafios do processo de profissionalização do ensino, chamando atenção para a questão da cultura da colaboração. Como objetivo geral buscamos compreender os aspectos que apontam para uma cultura de colaboração no processo de profissionalização do ensino, envolvendo o trabalho docente entre professoras de Educação Física e de Educação Infantil. Na busca dos dados optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo exploratório, utilizando como técnica: a entrevista semiestruturada. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizado a análise de conteúdo. Participaram do estudo nove professoras alocadas em três escolas. Assim, com base nos resultados verificamos uma ausência de tempo e espaços para um trabalho colaborativo entre as docentes. Além disso, o trabalho docente é realizado de maneira individualizada e fragmentada por momentos distintos de áreas do conhecimento, não havendo na maioria dos casos analisados, nenhuma conexão e continuidade entre as práticas pedagógicas. A colaboração profissional pode ser um caminho para integrar os professores promovendo uma reflexão na qual há valorização do trabalho docente e que permite outros modos de ser professor dentro de uma nova cultura profissional.
Pedagogias decoloniais e interculturalidade: desafios para uma agenda educacional antirracista
Authors: Miranda Claudia , Riasco Fanny Milena Quiñones
Published: August 2024

Esse trabalho se baseia em um constructo no qual a “decolonialidade” é a chave para a consolidação de outras visões sobre nossa autoformação e aprendizagens possíveis a partir das proposições que saem das configurações de resistência antirracista. Ganha centralidade as pedagogias decoloniais por fazerem parte de uma visão educacional emergente e que será mais bem compreendida quando alinhada aos estudos desenvolvidos no diálogo com os movimentos sociais na região conhecida como América latina. O intuito é discutirmos sobre as aprendizagens possíveis a partir do que nos é próprio. Apoiamo-nos em um amplo espectro de aportes que favoreceram o desentranhamento de um conjunto de saberes legitimados socialmente e que têm sustentado a crítica decolonial para propor outros modos de pertencimento. Sugerimos o enfrentamento de problemas relacionados com as diversas operações que facilitaram a configuração de um novo universo de relações intersubjetivas de dominação entre Europa e as demais regiões do mundo. Entendemos, com Catherine Walsh e Aníbal Quijano, que o pensamento decolonial assume o desafio de construir atalhos que inspiram a rebeldia e a desobediência por sugerir opções fronteiriças quando se trata de garantir a pluralidade, bem como outros lugares de conversa.
À Sombra do Baobá: A Cultura Negra na Educação Etnomatemática
Authors: Costa Wanderleya Nara Gonçalves , Silva Vanísio Luiz da
Published: August 2024

O presente ensaio tem como objetivo contribuir com o cumprimento das determinações das Leis nº 10.639/03 e nº 11.645/08 por parte dos docentes da área de Ciências Exatas. Pautamo-nos no Programa Etnomatemática e em uma perspectiva socioconstrutivista da Psicologia da Educação Matemática para sugerir que a afetividade seja tomada como fator relevante para a aprendizagem escolar. Argumentamos que a adoção deste referencial, em conjunto com uma postura pedagógica que considere os elementos estruturantes da africanidade, pode colaborar com a emergência de conceitos e valores relevantes à constituição de posturas e estratégias pedagógicas mais adequados à população brasileira.
Causos do Imaginário e da Memória Negra: Contribuições para uma Antropologia Educacional
Authors: Oliveira Julvan Moreira de
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de conhecimentos presentes pela população negra da cidade de Além Paraíba, Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. As inquietantes perspectivas e clivagens que são abordadas ultrapassam as buscas essencialistas por um modelo africano vulgarmente idealizado. O levantamento de uma série de histórias, os causos produzidos por uma memória negra, como as que envolvem os moleques d’água, cuja riqueza de detalhes convida-nos a desconstruir as visões reducionistas e a descortinar uma realidade permeada por sutilezas conceituais até então negligenciadas pelo pensamento hegemônico.
A Experiência Escolar nas Narrativas de Identidade Étnico-Racial: Estudo Retrospectivo de uma Professora Negra do Município de Juiz de Fora, MG
Authors: Talma Andressa Lima
Published: August 2024

Este artigo se baseia em minha dissertação de mestrado, na qual o objetivo foi compreender a trajetória de vida de uma professora negra que tem o trabalho reconhecido da rede municipal de educação de Juiz de Fora por valorizar o ensino étnico-racial. Utilizei-me da pesquisa narrativa para acompanhar a prática pedagógica da professora e sua trajetória. A pesquisa se apoiou na Antropologia do Imaginário, que busca o equilíbrio entre razão e emoção. Nesse sentido, o imaginário busca a compreensão de um segundo sentido das imagens. No decorrer da pesquisa, pude perceber nas narrativas iniciais da professora a valorização do elemento-ponte, que na perspectiva do imaginário faz a ligação dos contrários e é dessa forma que a professora realiza o seu trabalho. Faz uma ponte para que a cultura negra chegue até sua sala de aula. Ela embasa o seu trabalho em histórias de seus antepassados e no saber materno recebido. No entanto, algumas falhas em relação ao seu planejamento nos apontam a falta da formação acadêmica inicial e continuada para um aprimoramento do seu trabalho.
A LEITURA NA ESCOLA: DISCUTINDO CONCEPÇÕES E PRÁTICAS DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Ometto Cláudia Beatriz de Castro Nascimento , Cunha Renata Cristina Oliveira Barrichelo
Published: August 2024

O artigo discute concepções de leitura de professores e suas práticas em sala de aula a fim de compreender como o trabalho com a linguagem é compreendido nas diversas disciplinas do Ensino Fundamental II. Analisamos transcrições de ATPC (2013-2015) e problematizamos enunciados que evidenciavam as escolhas relativas aos modos de organização e de circulação das práticas de leitura pelos professores e as réplicas de seus alunos.  É possível afirmar que as ATPC foram formativas na medida em que a temática foi refletida coletivamente pelo grupo deflagrando compreensões, pelos professores. Essas compreensões, por sua vez, possibilitaram que os docentes elaborassem diferentes modos de leitura a favor da produção de réplicas ao texto, pelos alunos.
AS PRESCRIÇÕES HIGIENISTAS DE LEITURA E ESCRITA PARA A ESCOLA: 1917-1950
Authors: Metelski Michele , Carminati Celso João
Published: August 2024

Este texto objetiva dar visibilidade a higiene como um mecanismo de transmissão de bens que pretendia formar o novo cidadão brasileiro na perspectiva da civilidade e modernidade rumo ao discurso de ordem e progresso. Apoiados na ciência positivista, os médicos higienistas legitimaram seu campo de atuação se incorporando nas escolas e inculcando novos hábitos e comportamentos na sociedade brasileira. Os médicos formados nas Faculdades de Medicina no Brasil analisaram a situação em que o país se encontrava nas primeiras décadas do século XX e utilizaram seu discurso para modificar as condições de saúde em que o Brasil se encontrava. Como a escola era o principal local de socialização, os médicos produziram uma série de prescrições higiênicas para “fiscalizar” a higienização dos meios e corrigir os corpos. O estudo enfoca as principais prescrições higiênicas recomendadas para a escola sobre a leitura e a escrita a partir de 1917 até 1950 no Brasil. Para tornar possível a discussão, utilizamos os principais manuais médicos/pedagógicos escritos por Ary Lex, José Paranhos Fontenelle e Balthazar Vieira de Mello.
A EDUCAÇÃO RURAL E A CONSTRUÇÃO SOCIAL DOS PROFESSORES LEIGOS
Authors: Carvalho Fabio Garcez de
Published: August 2024

O artigo é resultado de pesquisa desenvolvida no PPGE da UFRJ, que culminou na TeseAs pequenas comunidades rurais e o ofício de ensinar: de professor leigo a funcionário público (1940-2000). O município de Icapuí vivenciou a universalização do ensino fundamental e o processo de profissionalização dos professoresleigos nos anos 1980. Operando com a micro-história, propusemos analisar os professores leigos no contexto comunitário, considerando as redes de relações típicas das sociedades rurais. Assumimos, então, uma análise relacional com vistas a desvendar o processo de construção social do grupo docente no meio rural. O estudo se propõe a explorar a diversificada história da profissão docente no Brasil.
APP-LEARNING NO CONTEXTO DE GREVE E OCUPAÇÃO DO COLÉGIO PEDRO II
Authors: Almeida Joelma Fabiane Ferreira , Santos Edmea
Published: August 2024

Apresentamos aqui aspectos formativos acionados nos usos de aplicativos em movimentos sociais. A partir de uma ciberpesquisa-formação buscamos compreender como formam e se formam docentes envolvidos em processos político-pedagógicos mediados pela criação e uso desses dispositivos em contextos de greve e ocupação do Colégio Pedro II. Experiências de pesquisa e de app-learning foram vivenciadas na ambiência formativa mediada pelo “App-MobilizaCP2”, criado no cotidiano desses movimentos. Defendemos o ocupar e a greve nas escolas como novos fenômenos de luta e formação de seus sujeitos, ocorridos na interface cidade-ciberespaço e em meio às ações curriculares emergentes. Palavras-chaves: ciberpesquisa-formação, app-learning, movimentos sociais.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Enzyme Activities in Different Fonio Millet (Digitaria exilis Stapf.) Agroecosystems in Senegal
Authors: Ndoye Fatou , Diop Ibou , Gueye Mame Codou , Sadio Oumar , Sy Mame Oureye , Diouf Diegane , Kane Aboubacry , Diedhiou Abdala Gamby
Published: August 2024

In plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the most prevalent microsymbionts, and thereby provide many key ecosystem services to natural and agricultural ecosystems. Despite AMF’s significance for the environment and the economy, little is known about the mycorrhizal inoculum potential and diversity of AMF associated with orphan African cereal crops, specially fonio millet (Digitaria exilis stapf.) under field conditions. We hypothesized that the type of fonio millet agroecosystem influences the AMF density and distribution in soils. We therefore, assessed the inoculum potential, density and diversity of AMF spores and soil enzyme activities in five fonio millet agroecosystems belonging to three climatic zones (Sudanian, Sudano-Sahelian and Sudano-Guinean). By combining AMF spore identification from field-collected soils and trap culture, 20 species belonging to 8 genera (Acaulospora, Ambispora, Dendiscutata, Gigaspora, Glomus, Racocetra, Sclerocystis and Scutellospora) were identified. Glomus was the most represented genus with 8 species, followed by Gigaspora (5 species) and Acaulospora (2 species); the remaining genera were each represented by one species. Except for Ambispora which was not found in the Sudanian area, all genera occurred in the three climatic zones. The abundance and diversity of AMF species and FDA-hydrolytic and phosphatase activities varied between fonio millet agroecosystems as well as between climatic zones. Soil pH and soil texture were the variables that best explained the density and distribution of AMF spores. Our results contribute to paving the way towards the development of microbial engineering approaches for agronomic improvement of fonio millet.
Molecular Mechanism and Actions of Antifungal Drugs Using Trichosporon Fungal Species
Authors: Kumari Pooja
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Antifungal agents play a crucial role in the treatment of fungal infections, which can range from minor skin conditions to life-threatening systemic diseases. These abstract reviews the pharmacological objectives, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications of antifungal agents. The primary objectives of antifungal therapy include achieving fungicidal or fungi static activity against fungal pathogens while minimizing toxicity to host cells. Despite the fact that Trichosporon spp. are probably the second or third most prevalent non-Candida yeast infection that causes invasive disease in hematological cancer patients. Central and vesical venous catheters, as well as devices related to peritoneal venous catheters, are the primary vectors of invasive Trichosporon spp. infection. Antifungal medications and host immune responses can be avoided by these organisms because they are adept at adhering to these devices and forming biofilms. Mechanisms of action vary widely among antifungal drugs, targeting fungal cell walls, membranes, nucleic acids, or metabolic pathways essential for fungal survival. Clinical efficacy is influenced by factors such as spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and the emergence of resistance. Challenges in antifungal therapy include the rise of resistant fungal strains, limited treatment options, and the complexity of treating immune compromised patients. Future research directions include the development of novel antifungal agents, strategies to combat resistance, and improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Overall, antifungal therapy continues to evolve, driven by ongoing research aimed at enhancing treatment outcomes and reducing the global burden of fungal infections.
THE EFFECT OF LEARNING ALGORITHMS & PROGRAMMING COURSE ON THE SELECTION OF SPECIALIZATION AREA IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Authors: Basrul
Published: August 2024

Specialization in courses is a process of choosing part of the major or specification of the major. Specialization helps students select programs or activities according to enormous wishes based on talents, interests, and abilities. This department has three fields of interest: Software Engineering, Network Computer Engineering, and Multimedia. The condition in selecting areas of interest is that you must pass from the conditional subjects. In the RPL field request, the requirement is to give a score for the Algorithm and programming course. This study aims to determine whether Algorithms and programming Courses influence the Selection of RPL (Software Engineering) Areas of Interest in PTI. This research uses descriptive quantitative methods. This study's sample was students taking the Algorithm and Programming course, with as many as 20 respondents. This study's data collection technique is distributing questionnaires before and after students take Algorithms and Programming. The data analysis technique used is a validation test using SPSS. The result of this study is that there is an influence between Algorithm Learning and Programming on the selection of Software Engineering interests. It is marked by some students who initially did not choose the RPL field of interest to choose the RPL field of interest and vice versa. It is also reinforced by the results of the hypothesis test where the results show a significant value of < ttabel or 2,438 > 1,725 of these results can be seen in the formula If the calculation of the > ttabel at a significance level of 0.05 with df = 20, then ha is accepted, and ha is the Influence of Courses on the Selection of Areas of Interest RPL Information Technology Education Uin Ar-Raniry.
Comparative Analysis of Islamic Family Law and Normative Law: Examining the Causes of Divorce in Purwokerto, Indonesia
Authors: Nafisah Durotun , Nasrudin Nasrudin , Meidina Ahmad Rezy , Zain Muhammad Fuad
Published: August 2024

The elevated divorce rate in Purwokerto has become a focal point for the local government due to its adverse repercussions. This research has identified five primary factors contributing to divorce, encompassing education, economic status, religion, access to healthcare, and environmental factors. This study employs empirical legal methods analyzed in accordance with Islamic family law theory. In-depth interviews were conducted with informants, as well as literature studies and data collection techniques. The results showed two critical findings. First, Islamic family law makes it clear that although divorce is legal, God views it negatively. Divorce is considered a final option when mediation becomes unfeasible. For a divorce to be valid, it must meet various criteria, such as guidelines for property division and child custody. Additionally, the Qur'an and Hadith discuss the five legitimate reasons for divorce. Secondly, the issue of divorce is regulated by normative positive law. However, no legal regulations are specifically available at the local government level to support efforts to reduce divorce rates based on the five leading causes. In particular, the five causes of divorce are also discussed based on relevant normative regulations and support from previous studies. The two sources of family law and Islamic law have different views regarding the legal requirements of divorce and its scope. However, in terms of similarities, both sources of family law and Islamic law support efforts to protect children and empower women victims of divorce. With national legal regulations, the government is responsible for providing effective rules to resolve the causes of high divorce rates legally.
Interfaith Marriage and the Religion–State Relationship: Debates between Human Rights Basis and Religious Precepts
Authors: Maula Bani Syarif , Muhsin Ilyya
Published: August 2024

Following the Constitutional Court’s dismissal of the judicial review of Article 2, Paragraph 1 of the Marriage Law, the Jakarta Central District Court granted approval for the registration of inter-religious marriages. The issue of inter-religious marriage has once again become a hot topic of social discussion. Following the controversy, the Supreme Court issued a circular ordering the court not to grant marriage registration applications for interfaith couples. This study draws on normative legal research and empirical analysis of interfaith marriages to answer the question of how states (through courts) view and negotiate interfaith marriages from state, legal, and religious perspectives. The objective of this study is to examine the arguments presented by proponents and opponents of interfaith marriage in Indonesia, particularly focusing on the discourse surrounding human rights principles and the adherence to religious teachings within the realm of marital practices. The study concluded that Islamic law remains one of the most fundamental elements of contemporary Muslim family life practices in Indonesia. All religions, including government officials and judges, generally consider interfaith marriages illegal and prohibit them under the Marriage Act. The Constitutional Court's decision to deny judicial review of the provisions governing interfaith marriage reinforces the argument that, in terms of the relationship between religion and the state, Indonesia falls into the category of countries with religiously governed enclaves.
The Role of the Supervisory Board in the Development of Sharia Cooperatives in Aceh After the Enactment of the Sharia Financial Institutions Law
Authors: Jihad Azka Amalia , Azmy Khairul , A Wahab Nazaruddin , Fauzan Faisal , Sayuti Azman
Published: August 2024

Aceh is a region that applies Islamic law to all lines of government, including worship and mu'amalah. The Qanun on Sharia Financial Institutions (LKS) has been in effect since January 2019 and includes Sharia Financial Institutions. As of January 2022, there are still many cooperatives in Aceh that have not converted to sharia principles. Considering this situation, this study aims to examine the existence of the Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS) by analyzing its role and influence on sharia cooperatives in Aceh. This study employed a qualitative method, utilizing Islamic economics theory. Data were collected by means of interviews, questionnaires, and document studies. Interviews and questionnaires were carried out with respondents from the Aceh Sharia Council, the Aceh Cooperatives and SMEs Office, and the Cooperative Supervisory Board. Qanun, journal articles, and other documents relevant to the discussion were analyzed. The findings indicate that cooperatives in Aceh consist of Savings and Loans Cooperatives, Savings and Loans Units, Sharia Savings and Loans and Financing Cooperatives, and Sharia Savings and Loans and Financing Units. The number of DPS in Aceh as of 2023 is 214. The DPS has played a role in accelerating the conversion of sharia cooperatives by making several efforts while also facing various challenges and obstacles. From an Islamic economics perspective, the existence of the DPS also has an influence on increasing the conversion of sharia cooperatives in Aceh. However, the number of sharia cooperatives is still very low, only 6% of the total number of cooperatives operating in Aceh. Nevertheless, DPS still has an economic impact on the development of the sharia economy, which is an implementation of the Qanun LKS.
The Kembar Manten in Java Majapahit Wedding Traditions in Mojokerto: Perspectives on Natural Law and Anthropology of Islamic Law
Authors: Hidayah Khoirul , Syarifah Umaiyatus , Muhammad Muhammad , Bachri Syabbul , Roibin Roibin
Published: August 2024

Majapahit Java has customary law, namely rules prohibiting "kembar manten" marriages, namely two bride and groom couples marrying at the same time, and the walimah party is held together with the symbol 'kuwade' in one 'terop'. This study employs empirical legal methodologies, incorporating a phenomenological and anthropological approach. Meanwhile, the analytical tools encompass notions related to natural law, justice, and the anthropology of Islamic law. The collection of primary data was conducted through interviews of traditional authorities, religious leaders, knowledgeable individuals in the customary laws, and marriage practitioners who perform 'Kembar Manten' marriages in Mojokerto. The examination was conducted utilizing Thomas Aquinas' theory of natural law and justice, joining with the anthropology of Islamic law. In order to achieve justice in the natural law, it is necessary to have a policy and proportionality when making the walimah ursy, which is specifically created for a single wedding pair. In the field of the Islamic law anthropology, the 'Kembar Manten' refer to customs and customary laws that are regarded obligatory and advantageous. They are intended to promote the welfare of both the bride and groom's families. Neither the Qur’an nor the Hadith provide any instructions suggesting that the walimah ursy is meant for more than one couple during a single walimah. The ban of 'Kembar Manten' in the framework of  Islamic legal anthropology is a customary practice within the community aimed at achieving well-being and security. Provided that the rules are designed to promote goodness and safety, it is imperative to preserve the values of local wisdom rules as a valuable cultural heritage of the nation. This article aims to enhance understanding of the customary law and local wisdom values in the Indonesian marital law.
Towards the Multidimensional Ushul Al-Fiqh: A Study of the Integration of Science in the Fatwa of Majelis Ulama Indonesia
Authors: Thahir A. Halil
Published: August 2024

This research examines multidimensional ushul al-fiqh in analyzing the fatwas of the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). The main problem to be explained in this article is the importance of social sciences for multidimensional ushul al-fiqh as contained in the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council. This research uses normative juridical methods which are analyzed using the ushul fiqh theory. The data collection method is documentation, namely taking data from journal articles books, and other sources. The method of analysis is the content analysis that the researchers use using the theory of multidimensional ushul al-fiqh, while the object is the fatwa-fatwa of the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). This research has two results. First, the social sciences complement the evidence of fundamentalist rulings in realizing the natural environmental influences, as a basic determinant and a major guide to people's lives, and the jurisprudence of social movements, of all kinds, considering the ties that bind people, and exploring the depths of the soul Humanity, considering the human being the pivot and the basis of this existence, so that the rulings derived from it are in agreement and conformity according to social issues. Secondly, the fatwas of the Council of Indonesian Scholars in the social field include those based on social sciences in addition to fundamental principles such as the Qur’anic texts and the Sunnah of the Prophet. In the context of ushul fiqh theory, it increasingly proves that fatwas and social sciences are quite dynamically integrated. This is evident in the fatwa of massage parlors and the sending of female workers abroad. Among them were those who were more inclined to fundamentalist rules than to pay attention to the social sciences, such as the fatwa on interfaith marriage and the celebration of Christian birth.
Imposing Sanctions on School Students in East Kolaka, Indonesia: Perspectives of Islamic Law and Islamic Education
Authors: Herman Herman , Ilham Muhammad , Pratama Finsa Adhi , Kartini Kartini , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Education has become one of the fundamental human rights that must be fulfilled by the state and implemented through legislation. The right to a good education for all citizens has become a global discourse, alongside the rights to work, freedom of speech, and a decent social life. This study examined the imposition of sanctions on students in schools in East Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi. The study concerned with the perspectives of Islamic law and Islamic education towards imposing sanctions on school students. The study used a qualitative method, analyzed with Islamic law and Islamic education theories. Data were collected by means of observation and in-depth interview with school principal, teachers, students, and academics. The findings reveal that schools apply disciplinary measures as part of the strategies to enforce school code of conduct. Schools integrate such measures into daily activities, which include providing guidance, setting a good example in words and deeds, applying sanctions, and providing rewards. In the view of Islamic law, the imposition of sanctions on students in educational institutions has benefits and is in line with the concept of maqashid al-sharia to discipline students and build their character from a young age, thereby producing good morals. Further, in the perspective of Islamic education, obedience, discipline, and respect for teachers are the morals of students that will have an intellectual and spiritual impact until they reach adulthood.
Granting of Property During Marriage as an Inherited Property in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Eko Rial , Prabowo Bagya Agung , Rohidin Rohidin
Published: August 2024

This study aims to discuss the granting of property by parents who are accepted at the time of marriage or are still bound by a valid marriage as inherited property. The problem is whether the property received at the time of marriage is innate property or joint property (gono gini). This research is normative research, with a legislative, conceptual and case approach, using primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, tertiary legal materials, research data collection using literature studies and document studies and analyzed qualitatively. The result of this research is that the property obtained from giving (grant) is innate property. Even though the grant is carried out when the husband and wife are still bound by a legal marriage or are still in the marriage period, the property is still innate or original property. The inherited property of each husband and wife, whether the property was obtained before marriage or during the marriage period obtained by each of them as a gift or inheritance as personal property. The position of inherited property belongs to and is under the control of each other, during the marriage as stipulated in Article 35 paragraph (2) of the Marriage Law and Article 86 of the Compilation of Islamic Law. The owner is free to take legal action against the property. The inheritance of the husband or wife and such property cannot be included in the scope of joint property unless the husband and wife have arranged it in the marriage agreement.
Fail Gabdullovich Safin – the path to success. To the 65th anniversary of the scientist
Authors: Gabdrafikov Ildar Makhmutovich
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the scientific activity of a well-known scientist in Russia and abroad, a specialist in the field of ethnology, ethnosociology and ethnopolitology, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Fail Gabdullovich Safin. The paper analyzes the contribution of the scientist to the study of ethnosocial, ethnolanguage, ethnodemographic, ethnocultural and ethnopolitical processes, the dynamics of ethnic and linguistic identity of the peoples of Russia, including the Tatars of the Volga-Ural region. The works of the scientist devoted to interethnic relations in the Republic of Bashkortostan are also considered. The article provides information about the most important milestones from the biography of a prominent Russian scientist, his main scientific achievements.
For citation: Gabdrafikov I.M. Fail Gabdullovich Safin – the path to success. To the 65th anniversary of the scientist. From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2024, vol.14, no.1, pp.172–179. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2024-14-1.172-179 (In Russian)
Wacoal sustainability reports: A study of board diversity, human capital, and employee productivity
Authors: Yeung Shirley Mo Ching
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to increase the awareness of educators, entrepreneurs, policy-makers, and management in business organizations and non-governmental organizations that are familiar with the elements of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) for social inclusion and women’s development with business sustainability. The relevancy of this paper is focused on employee productivity during the economic downturn after COVID-19. Eight reports published from 2015 to 2022 were found. To critically identify their relationship to the topic, by using NVivo software, a text search was performed for the mentioned keywords. The findings of this paper on the factors potentially related to employee productivity are human capital, management board diversity, improvement in health, and improvement in quality issues. It is recommended that the management of organizations implement constructive solutions for the wellness of employees to enhance overall employee productivity. The search results showed that some of the factors such as management board duties (women) and quality issues on supply chain management were cited the most frequently with 3192 and 2706 times, correspondingly, while employee productivity (men) was cited less frequently in comparison. This is managerially relevant to organizations which are working on sustainable development (SD) with employee productivity and organizational effectiveness. A validation model is needed to link up with the findings of this paper to improve organizational performance.
Weathering the Storm: Does Voluntary Auditing Forestall Regulatory Sale or Closure of Troubled Community Banks?
Authors: Barton F. Jane , Hodder Leslie D. , Shepardson Marcy L.
Published: August 2024

Using a unique sample of small community banks, we investigate effects of voluntary audits on the likelihood of regulatory sale or closure. In two samples of banks at heightened risk for this final regulatory intervention, we find a decreased likelihood of sale or closure in banks with voluntary audits, consistent with regulator forbearance. Results hold when controlling for audit selection, suggesting regulators perceive both informational and operational benefits to audits. We compare effects across mandatorily and voluntarily audited banks to test whether audit choice supplies an incremental signal of bank type and find limited support. We also examine whether improved reporting via a higher quality loan loss allowance mediates the association between voluntary audits and regulatory sale or closure. Results are consistent with regulators considering higher information quality and operational improvements in intervention decisions. Results should be interesting to stakeholders at risk of loss from community bank sale or closure.
Distributed Regime and Swirler Effects on Methane and Coke Oven Gas Combustion Characteristics
Authors: Ilbas Alparslan , Özdemir Mustafa Bahadır , Karyeyen Serhat
Published: August 2024

The present study deals with combustion characteristics of methane and coke oven gas for various swirl numbers in a highly internal recirculative combustor under colorless distributed combustion conditions. In order to achieve that, the fuels have been consumed numerically in the combustor at various oxygen concentrations by using a N2 diluent to reduce oxygen concentration in the air. During the modelings, swirl number has been changed from s=0 to s=1 in an interval of 0.2. In this way, swirler effects on its combustion characteristics have been studied. In order to perform all modelings, the k-ε realizable turbulence model, the PDF/Mixture Fraction combustion model, and P-1 radiation model have been used. The results showed that decrease in oxygen concentration caused a more uniform temperature field in the combustor along with ultra-low NOx emissions. When the oxygen rate was reduced from 21% to 15%, a 9% decrease in the highest temperature reached in the combustion chamber was observed. In addition, a 99% decrease in nitrogen oxide formation was observed. This has been achieved with internal and external (colorless distributed regime) entrainments. In addition to these, it is concluded that the swirler has affected that combustion took place faster mostly because of better air-fuel mixture in the combustor. It has been observed that the air and fuel mixture occurs faster in the swirler effect, which has effects on the flow characteristics in the combustion chamber and has positive effects on recirculation, which can help to obtain conditions close to distributed combustion conditions in general. For 21% oxygen ratio, nitrogen oxide formation could be reduced by approximately 50% by increasing the swirl number from 0 to 1.
A Finite Element Approach for Phase-Change Analysis of Paraffin
Authors: Ozcatalbas Mustafa , Sözen Adnan
Published: August 2024

During the design of thermal management systems involving PCMs, analysis tools are essential for determining the amount of PCM required, optimal instalment locations, and the heating-cooling transient behavior of the systems. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solvers are often employed for these tasks, as they can account for both conduction and advection effects during PCM phase transitions. However, CFD simulations can be computationally expensive, particularly when solving transient behaviour. An alternative approach for PCM simulations is the Finite Element Method (FEM), which offers computationally inexpensive heat transfer analyses while providing good accuracy for thermal energy storage design, including phase transitions. This study has focused on thermal analysis of paraffin wax performed by FEM.
A Qualitative Exploration of the Impact, Management, and Existing Psychological Support Available for Adults Living with Skin Conditions
Authors: Hewitt Rachael M. , Dale Carys , Purcell Catherine , Pattinson Rachael , Bundy Christine
Published: August 2024

Skin conditions carry a significant physical, psychological, and social burden. People with skin conditions often engage in health-threatening behaviours that can worsen symptoms and increase cardiovascular disease risk. However, access to dedicated psychological and behaviour-change support is limited. The impact, management, and existing psychological support available to adults living with skin conditions was qualitatively explored to inform the development of a psychologically supportive digital intervention. Qualitative research involving a hybrid inductive– deductive approach was performed. Data collection and analysis were theoretically informed by the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation. Eight synchronous online group interviews with 43 English-speaking adults (≥ 18 years) with a range of skin conditions were conducted. Data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Three superordinate themes are outlined: (i) visibility underpinning life course impairment, (ii) seeking control amid uncertainty, and (iii) existing support for people with skin conditions. Skin conditions carry a substantial psychological burden, yet dermatology service provision is sub-optimal and patients often resort to seeking support from unreliable sources. Psychological support can have benefits, but barriers exist. This study reinforces the need for high-quality psychological support, and that patients wanted digital means to support effective self- management.
Cognitive load in individuals with a transfemoral amputation during single- and dual-task walking: a pilot study of brain activity in people using a socket prosthesis or a bone-anchored prosthesis
Authors: Möller Saffran , Hagberg Kerstin , Ramstrand Nerrolyn
Published: August 2024

Objective: To explore cognitive load in people with transfemoral amputations fitted with socket or bone-anchored prostheses by describing activity in the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortices during single- and dual-task walking.
Design: Cross-sectional pilot study.
Patients: 8 socket prosthesis users and 8 bone-anchored prosthesis users. All were fitted with microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees.
Methods: Participants answered self-report questionnaires and performed gait tests during 1 single-task walking condition and 2 dual-task walking conditions. While walking, activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Cognitive load was investigated for each participant by exploring the relative concentration of oxygenated haemoglobin in the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Symmetry of brain activity was investigated by calculating a laterality index.
Results: Self-report measures and basic gait variables did not show differences between the groups.
No obvious between-group differences were observed in the relative concentration of oxygenated haemoglobin for any walking condition. There was a tendency towards more right-side brain activity for participants using a socket prosthesis during dual-task conditions.
Conclusions: This pilot study did not identify substantial differences in cognitive load or lateralization between socket prosthesis users and bone-anchored prosthesis users.
Impact of internal control systems on financial irregularities in local governments
Authors: Addai Bismark , Arthur Adjei Gyamfi Gyimah , Tetteh Daphne Dede
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of internal control systems on financial irregularities in 11 municipalities spread across 7 regions in Ghana. Using a descriptive research design and a quantitative approach, data was collected through a structured questionnaire. The study established challenges hindering the implementation of internal control systems as; inadequate resource allocation, unsatisfactory staff rewards, unnoticed misconduct, and collusion among staff.  The findings provide valuable insights for management and policymakers in the public sector, offering recommendations to enhance operations by strengthening internal control systems.
Recommendations include adopting best practices, providing additional resources and training, integrating internal controls with risk management, conducting regular staff performance audits, and enacting laws and regulations to enforce internal control implementation and report financial irregularities. The study depends hugely on self-reported quantitative information, audit reports, local government reports, and literature. Future studies should consider mixed methods approach to the study. This will offer an opportunity to collect qualitative data to explain the observed patterns.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran PAI Berbasis Pendekatan Scientific Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: M. Tamrin  , Nilova
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe and develop a valid and practical PAI learning module based on a scientific approach for grade IV SD. The type of research used is development (Research and Development) using a 4D model that is modified to 3D, namely the define, design, and development stages. This research was conducted in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The questionnaire validators consisted of 1 material validator lecturer, 1 design validator lecturer and 1 language validator lecturer. Based on the results of the study, the validation of the scientific approach-based PAI learning module obtained the result of 89.75 in the valid category. While the practicality test consisted of 1 teacher and 18 students, from the practicality results the teacher obtained a percentage of 92.5% in the very practical category and from the results of practicality by students the percentage of results obtained was 93.75% in the very practical category. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the scientific approach-based PAI learning module produced is valid and very practical to use in PAI learning so that it can be used in PAI learning in class IV SD.