bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Balzac en précurseur de la sociologie analytique
Authors: Heinich Nathalie
Published: November 2020

Si Balzac fut un précurseur de la sociologie, c’est sous la forme particulière de la sociologie dite « analytique », triplement héritée de Max Weber par la dimension compréhensive plutôt qu’explicative, par la neutralité à l’égard de l’objet, et par la méthode idéal-typique. C’est à la lumière de ce dernier point que sont interprétés quelques-uns des plus grands personnages de Balzac, comme autant d’idéal-types : Frenhofer en artiste romantique, Louis Lambert en savant génial, Lucien Chardon-de Rubempré en poète aristocratisé, Lucien de Rubempré en dandy, Lucien Chardon en poète raté, Camille Maupin en femme-auteur, Joseph Bridau en créateur mal-aimé. Ainsi, Balzac apparaît comme un pionnier de la sociologie compréhensive des représentations.
L’apprentissage de la langue écrite dans le cas du syndrome de Williams
Authors: Pezzino Anne-Sophie , Marec-Breton Nathalie , Lacroix Agnès
Published: November 2020

Le syndrome de Williams (SW), maladie génétique rare admettant un handicap intellectuel, offre une occasion de mieux comprendre l’évolution des précurseurs phonologiques et visuels contribuant à l’activation des mécanismes de lecture. En effet, les déficits phonologiques et visuo-spatiaux semblent expliquer indépendamment une part de la variabilité dans l’installation du code écrit, malgré la préservation relative du lexique. Selon une approche multidimensionnelle, l’objectif de cette étude longitudinale sur trois ans était de repérer la nature et l’évolution des précurseurs phonologiques et visuels reconnus comme contribuant au bon développement de la maîtrise du code écrit. Nous avons rencontré une fois par an durant trois ans (3 temps), 7 jeunes avec SW âgés de 5 à 8 ans appariés, au cas par cas, à 30 enfants contrôles typiques selon le sexe et l’âge chronologique. Plusieurs tâches ont été administrées afin d’évaluer la connaissance du code et ses précurseurs phonologiques (épi- et méta-phonologie, mémoire auditivo-verbale et dénomination rapide) et visuels (raisonnement visuo-spatial et attention visuelle). Les résultats indiquent que l’évolution atypique et retardée de certains précurseurs conduit à un décalage temporel dans l’activation des mécanismes de lecture et, par conséquent, des trajectoires développementales de l’installation du code écrit dans ce syndrome. Notre discussion s’orientera vers une classification possible des trajectoires développementales, selon une approche multidimensionnelle des variabilités observées dans la maîtrise du code écrit.
À la rencontre du geste relationnel : psychosomatique de l’identité
Authors: Gauthier Jean-Marie
Published: November 2020

Penser le corps en psychologie clinique reste une difficulté majeure. La difficulté est liée à une question de méthode : pour penser le corps, il faut tout d’abord le rencontrer et pour y parvenir il faut l’ observer dans ses manifestations et interactions.
Consultation psychosomatique
Authors: Bucalo-Triglia Adèle
Published: November 2020

Dans cette présentation clinique, la patiente utilise le rêve, comme moyen privilégié pour communiquer au thérapeute le changement de leur relation. Le rêve constitue la liaison de la relation thérapeutique, et c’est justement le rêve qui est utilisé par la patiente pour expliquer les évènements psychosomatiques et relationnels.
Le réel c’est le mal
Authors: Freiman Bernard
Published: November 2020

À travers ce titre un peu provocateur et d’inspiration romantique, l’ambition de cet article est d’étudier les multiples rapports de Nerval au réel, en premier lieu la recherche d’une identité problématique, oscillant entre constamment entre le mythe et le néant, dans deux écrits : un texte non littéraire et non destiné à la publication : « la généalogie fantastique » et un célèbre poème nervalien El Desdichado , en second lieu dans le chapitre inaugural de Sylvie , intitulé « Nuit perdue » dans lequel Nerval représente sa vision de la « réalité quotidienne » comme une chute et une dimension insupportable. Ces trois études nous révèlent à la fois les sources profondes de la folie nervalienne et de sa création qu’elle soit littéraire ou non. Nous nous attarderons tout particulièrement sur les processus d’identification nervaliens, le travail de décomposition des mots et la façon dont le narrateur ou le poète se représente lui-même ainsi que ses relations à autrui. La recherche d’identité et la création sont ici étroitement mêlées.
Anorexie : le temps suspendu…
Authors: Quelin Régine
Published: November 2020

Dans l’anorexie, tout est paradoxe : les contraires se côtoient et se succèdent sans logique, le temps et l’espace introduisant un sentiment d’étrangeté, tout à la fois inquiétant et merveilleux. Un monde sans limites entre réel et imaginaire, où le tout rejoint le rien et le plein, le vide, avec au centre, cette temporalité si particulière à l’anorexie, qui, tout à la fois, les anéantit et les constitue. Un temps indéfini, sans limites, totalement déconnecté du passé et de l’avenir : un temps suspendu .
More on proper nonnegative splittings of rectangular matrices
Authors: Huang Ting , Miao Shu-Xin
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we further investigate the single proper nonnegative splittings and double proper nonnegative splittings of rectangular matrices. Two convergence theorems for the single proper nonnegative splitting of a semimonotone matrix are derived, and more comparison results for the spectral radii of matrices arising from the single proper nonnegative splittings and double proper nonnegative splittings of different rectangular matrices are presented. The obtained results generalize the previous ones, and it can be regarded as the useful supplement of the results in [Comput. Math. Appl., 67: 136–144, 2014] and [Results. Math., 71: 93–109, 2017].
Separation of perfusion phases in angiographies
Authors: Herpe Guillaume , Dambrine Julien , Bennis Inès , Thomas Clément , Velasco Stéphane , Guillevin Rémy
Published: November 2020

The analysis of Cerebral Angiographies are an essential tool for the assessment of the future of patients that underwent thrombolysis after a stroke event. Many semi-qualitative visual diagnostic scales have been developed for this purpose. Perfusion angiographies show essentially three phases: the arterial (early), the capillary (intermediate), and venous (late) phase. We call parenchymogram the image sequence corresponding to the capillary phase only. Unfortunately the parenchymogram is often under exploited in practice, despite containing many pertinent hints on the quality of reperfusion. In this paper we propose a set of methods for the extraction of the parenchymogram from raw Cerebral Angiographies. These methods rely on basis pursuit and on the representation of images with an over-complete basis arising from an redundant wavelet transform. We will show that the extraction of the parenchymogram by applying the aforementioned methods on real clinical data allows us to recover essential information for the comparison of blood flow before and after thrombolysis.
Les inventaires après décès de la ville de Dijon à la fin du Moyen Âge (1390-1459). Tome I (1390-1408)
Authors: Ferrand Guilhem
Published: November 2020

Un inventaire après décès est un document précieux. Il s’assimile à une photographie de la demeure du défunt, au moment de son décès, et recense les objets qui s’y trouvent. C’est une source importante pour la connaissance matérielle du cadre de vie, pour l’histoire des pratiques et des techniques, pour l’histoire économique et culturelle. Ce que donne à voir l’inventaire après décès est souvent invisible dans le reste de la documentation conservée pour la fin du Moyen Âge et pour l’Époque moderne.

Le fonds de la mairie de Dijon est exceptionnel en quantité comme en qualité. Les documents conservés décrivent l’intérieur de 700 maisons de la ville à la fin du XIVe siècle et au début du XVe siècle avec un soin et une précision inégalés. Ils offrent une description sans équivalent du cadre de vie des habitants de cette ville-capitale, de la simple prostituée au riche officier du duc, comme l’un de ses tailleurs ou tel ou tel de ses cuisiniers. Les objets, peu nombreux ici, abondants là, parfois peu communs, comme ces cages à oiseaux, selon la mode des oiseaux chanteurs, ou des boules de senteur venues d’ailleurs, donnent chair à la ville et dessinent une autre image de Dijon et de ses habitants, au plus près de leur existence et de leurs horizons de vie.
ESAT-6 Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Increases Holotransferrin-Mediated Iron Uptake in Macrophages by Downregulating Surface Hemochromatosis Protein HFE
Authors: Jha Vishwanath , Pal Ravi , Kumar Dhiraj , Mukhopadhyay Sangita
Published: November 2020

Iron is an essential element for Mycobacterium tuberculosis; it has at least 40 enzymes that require iron as a cofactor. Accessibility of iron at the phagosomal surface inside macrophage is crucial for survival and virulence of M. tuberculosis. ESAT-6, a 6-kDa-secreted protein of region of difference 1, is known to play a crucial role in virulence and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis. In our earlier study, we demonstrated that ESAT-6 protein interacts with β-2-microglobulin (β2M) and affects class I Ag presentation through sequestration of β2M inside endoplasmic reticulum, which contributes toward inhibition of MHC class I:β2M:peptide complex formation. The 6 aa at C-terminal region of ESAT-6 are essential for ESAT6:β2M interaction. β2M is essential for proper folding of HFE, CD1, and MHC class I and their surface expression. It is known that M. tuberculosis recruit holotransferrin at the surface of the phagosome. But the upstream mechanism by which it modulates holotransferrin-mediated iron uptake at the surface of macrophage is not well understood. In the current study, we report that interaction of the ESAT-6 protein with β2M causes downregulation of surface HFE, a protein regulating iron homeostasis via interacting with transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1). We found that ESAT-6:β2M interaction leads to sequestration of HFE in endoplasmic reticulum, causing poorer surface expression of HFE and HFE:TFR1 complex (nonfunctional TFR1) in peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 mice, resulting in increased holotransferrin-mediated iron uptake in these macrophages. These studies suggest that M. tuberculosis probably targets the ESAT-6 protein to increase iron uptake.
A Novel Fusion of IL-10 Engineered to Traffic across Intestinal Epithelium to Treat Colitis
Authors: Fay Nicole C. , Muthusamy Baby-Periyanayaki , Nyugen Linh P. , Desai Radhika C. , Taverner Alistair , MacKay Julia , Seung Minji , Hunter Tom , Liu Keyi , Chandalia Apurva , Coyle Michael P. , Kim Hyojin L. , Postlethwaite Sally , Mangat Khushdeep , Song Lisa , Seto Elbert , Alam Aatif , Olson Charles V. , Feng Weijun , Saberi Maziyar , Mahmood Tahir A. , Mrsny Randall J.
Published: November 2020

IL-10 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine capable of suppressing a number of proinflammatory signals associated with intestinal inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Clinical use of human IL-10 (hIL-10) has been limited by anemia and thrombocytopenia following systemic injection, side effects that might be eliminated by a gut-restricted distribution. We have identified a transcytosis pathway used by cholix, an exotoxin secreted by nonpandemic forms of the intestinal pathogen Vibrio cholerae. A nontoxic fragment of the first 386 aa of cholix was genetically fused to hIL-10 to produce recombinant AMT-101. In vitro and in vivo characterization of AMT-101 showed it to efficiently cross healthy human intestinal epithelium (SMI-100) by a vesicular transcytosis process, activate hIL-10 receptors in an engineered U2OS osteosarcoma cell line, and increase cellular phospho-STAT3 levels in J774.2 mouse macrophage cells. AMT-101 was taken up by inflamed intestinal mucosa and activated pSTAT3 in the lamina propria with limited systemic distribution. AMT-101 administered to healthy mice by oral gavage or to cynomolgus monkeys (nonhuman primates) by colonic spray increased circulating levels of IL-1R antagonist (IL-1Ra). Oral gavage of AMT-101 in two mouse models of induced colitis prevented associated pathological events and plasma cytokine changes. Overall, these studies suggest that AMT-101 can efficiently overcome the epithelial barrier to focus biologically active IL-10 to the intestinal lamina propria.
La consulenza etica nella sterilità di coppia
Authors: Di Pietro M.L. , Mancini A. , Spagnolo A.G.
Published: November 2020

La consulenza alla coppia sterile non consiste solo negli aspetti tecnici di una diagnosi clinica, ma nell’attenzione alle persone nella loro totalità e relazionalità, in particolare alla loro richiesta di aiuto nel fronteggiare la sofferenza generata sia dal desiderio di un figlio, sia dagli insuccessi e delusioni che frequentemente costellano fino a quel momento la ricerca di una soluzione.

Gli Autori, analizzando la letteratura scientifica in merito, rilevano una pressoché esclusiva attenzione all’aspetto psicologico della coppia, per lo più considerato separatamente dalla consulenza per la sterilità. Gli Autori si soffermano sulla consulenza alla coppia sterile nella prospettiva legislativa italiana sulla “procreazione medicalmente assistita”: la proposta di legge in questione si sofferma sull’efficacia e sulle modalità di esecuzione delle tecniche, sulla loro abortività, sui rischi per la donna e per l’embrione, ma pure sulle ricadute etiche e sui costi.

La considerazione degli aspetti etici, seppur poco presente in letteratura, non può essere trascurata, essendo in queste procedure implicate la concezione di persona e di famiglia e le finalità riconosciute alla medicina. Non è un fatto eticamente neutro, né per la coppia né per il consulente, le cui convinzioni etiche in questa sede si fronteggiano.

Accanto a tali considerazione gli Autori presentano la personale esperienza maturata presso l’Istituto di Bioetica dell’Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, tra il gennaio 2000 e il giugno 2002, su 25 coppie di età compresa tra i 30 e i 40 anni. Dallo studio emerge la delusione della coppia per un comportamento poco umano dei medici precedentemente consultati e la carenza dell’informazione sulle procedure. Il counselling condotto ha previsto una fase di racconto dal quale è emerso, tra l’altro, un’incompletezza nelle indagini mediche eseguite e una scarsa o erronea informazione da parte dello specialista sugli interventi post-diagnostici e una fase di dialogo tra il consulente eticista e la coppia.

Gli Autori concludono che la risoluzione/gestione del desiderio di paternità e maternità della coppia non può prescindere, a motivo della sua complessità e peculiarità, dall’integrazione interdisciplinare di diverse e indispensabili competenze: quella del ginecologo, dell’andrologo, dell’esperto in biologia della riproduzione, dello psicologo e del bioeticista.
Le decisioni al termine della vita: uso ed abuso del concetto di futilità
Authors: Pellegrino Edmund D.
Published: November 2020

Il presente articolo, intende suggerire che l’uso appropriato del termine “futilità” possa costituire un utile ponte fra la formulazione etica dei termini ordinario/straordinario e la decisione da prendere talora al termine della vita. Futilità in senso clinico significa semplicemente che una malattia o sindrome si è evoluta a un punto tale da rendere ormai inutile un intervento medico che era stato proposto per il bene del paziente.

L’articolo si divide in tre parti: 1) delineazione del concetto di futilità; 2) delineazione dei suoi abusi all’interno di particolari decisioni cliniche; 3) definizione del suo uso proprio nel contesto della antropologia e dell’etica medica cattolica.

Correttamente interpretato il termine “futilità”, come guida prudenziale all’interno di limiti morali specifici, può essere d’aiuto per recuperare e spiegare la persistente importanza dei termini tradizionali ordinario e straordinario, proporzionato e sproporzionato. Questi termini sono centrali nell’insegnamento del Magistero Cattolico sull’assistenza alla fine della vita, e hanno fortemente influenzato le prospettive cattoliche successive riguardo alle decisioni di fine vita.
Quando la fede si confronta con la legge nell’ambito delle biotecnologie umane
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: November 2020

L’articolo analizza il rapporto tra istanze religiose e la legge civile, tenendo presente i possibili interventi della legge nel campo della genetica e della procreazione.

Dopo aver argomentato che il dialogo tra fedi religiose e regimi democratici stia diventando sempre più urgente per evitare sia i fondamentalismi religiosi sia presunte neutralità morali delle democrazie liberali, l’autore afferma che il fatto religioso cristiano-cattolico ponga tre esigenze fondamentali per un corretto rapporto tra fede e legge: l’esigenza antropologica, cioè di una concezione dell’uomo esigitiva del rispetto della dignità di ogni persona umana; l’esigenza epistemologica, per cui la fede non deve opporsi alla ricerca scientifica e razionale, ma deve indicare il senso della ricerca stessa, nel quadro dei fini dell’uomo; il principio dell’accettazione del sistema democratico nel quale deve essere garantito per ogni uomo il diritto alla libertà-responsabilità in un clima di dialogo e persuasione.

Infine, l’articolo si sofferma sugli orientamenti di carattere normativogiuridico sulla genetica e sulla procreazione artificiale che una visione centrata sulla dignità della persona umana richiede: 1. la protezione di individuo umano, cioè la tutela del diritto alla vita di ogni essere umano innocente; 2. il Principio di non discriminazione; 3. il divieto di ogni intervento genetico non terapeutico alterativo; 4. il divieto di brevettazione del genoma umano; 5. la promozione della ricerca in tema di terapia genetica; 6. la protezione degli individui che operano e sperimentano nei laboratori di biotecnologie sul DNA.
Lo stato vegetativo “permanente”: oggettività clinica, problemi etici e risposte di cura
Authors: Gigli Gian Luigi
Published: November 2020

L’autore, alla luce della più aggiornata letteratura specialistica, illustra le due condizioni cliniche definite come stato vegetativo (SV) persistente rispettivamente SV permanente, condizioni a loro volta distinte da altre situazioni cliniche quali il coma e la morte cerebraele.

Infatti, con SV persistente si intende uno SV - cioè la perdita completa di coscienza pur in presenza di cicli sonno-veglia e di attività ipotalamica e troncoencefalica autonomica - presente a distanza di un mese da un insulto cerebrale oppure per almeno un mese in disturbi metabolici o degenerativi o in sindromi malformative.

Con SV permanente, invece, si definisce uno SV irreversibile, anche se l’organismo che ne da la definizione più aggiornata, la Multi-Society Task Force on PVS, ne precisa la connotazione probabilistica e non di certezza. Dunque mentre per lo SV persistente si pone una diagnosi, per lo SV permanente solo un giudizio prognostico.

Nel prosieguo dell’articolo, l’autore illustra inoltre il dibattito di bioetica clinica attivatosi sull’argomento, mettendo in guardia da inaccettabili tentativi di introduzione surrettizia di pratiche eutanasiche per questi pazienti.
Terapia del dolore
Authors: Del Missier Giovanni , Colautti Laura
Published: November 2020

L’articolo, in modo sintetico, esamina anzitutto gli elementi di novità apportati dalla legge n. 12 del 19 febbraio 2001 recante “Norme per agevolare l’impiego di farmaci oppiacei nella terapia del dolore”. Sotto il profilo etico la normativa è da accogliere positivamente in una prospettiva personalista nella misura in cui è volta a favorire una solidarietà disinteressata verso il paziente.

Viene inoltre rammentato che sebbene l’uso di oppioidi possa comportare in alcuni casi l’anticipazione della morte, ciò non deve ostacolare un loro corretto utilizzo se non vi sono altre possibilità di intervento, se l’entità delle sofferenze è proporzionata al rischio e se l’intenzione di chi agisce è determinata dall’unico scopo di sedare il dolore, senza volere in alcun modo procurare la morte.

Parimenti, si ricorda che è tollerabile che alla terapia del dolore possa conseguire una minore lucidità fino alla perdita di coscienza, ma solo dopo aver dato al malato la possibilità di adempiere i suoi doveri morali, familiari e religiosi, e nei casi in cui la sofferenza sia veramente grave ovvero si presenti in modo violento e insopportabile.
La Carta dei Diritti fondamentali dell’Unione Europea: aspetti etici
Authors: Bompiani Adriano
Published: November 2020

Al margine del “vertice” di Nizza, il 27 dicembre 2000 il Consiglio Europeo ha proposto al Parlamento Europeo ed alla Commissione di proclamare solennemente, insieme al Consiglio, la “Carta dei Diritti fondamentali dell’Unione Europea” (UE), elaborata da un Gruppo di lavoro in base al mandato ricevuto nel 1999 dal medesimo Consiglio.

Il documento ha indubbia valenza “politica” per dotare l’UE di una più definita base giuridica e sotto alcuni aspetti “costituzionale”, proposta per rafforzare il consenso dei cittadini dei vari Stati europei che già fanno parte dell’UE ed orientare il sentire di quelli che – già - rappresentati in Consiglio d’Europa - saranno ammessi a farvi parte.

La base dei fattori unificanti viene sostanzialmente individuata nei “diritti dell’uomo”, storicamente sviluppatisi sia nei riguardi della promozione della individualità che della socialità dell’uomo nel corso del XX secolo.

L’articolo riprende attraverso l’esame della recente letteratura nazionale le opinioni espresse sulla “Carta”, ma si sofferma in particolare sugli aspetti bioetici emergenti dall’art. 1 (Dignità umana); art. 2 (Diritto alla vita); art. 3 (Diritto all’integrità della persona). Ciascuno di questi articoli, nell’annunciare i “valori” e corrispondenti “diritti”, si rifà alla concezione giuridica tradizionale della “persona”, dalla quale può derivare l’insufficiente tutela della fase prenatale della vita umana.

Questo non può non suscitare preoccupazioni e riserve di fronte ad un documento che, per altri aspetti, sembra utile per consentire uno sviluppo europeo non limitato agli aspetti mercantili.
Submaximal Force Steadiness and Accuracy in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Lee Hyunwook , Son S. Jun , Kim Hyunsoo , Han Seunguk , Seeley Matthew , Hopkins J. Ty
Published: November 2020

Context

Patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have demonstrated sensorimotor impairments. Submaximal force steadiness and accuracy measure sensory, motor, and visual function via a feedback mechanism, which helps researchers and clinicians comprehend the sensorimotor deficits associated with CAI.

Objective

To determine if participants with CAI experienced deficits in hip and ankle submaximal force steadiness and accuracy compared with healthy control participants.

Design

Case-control study.

Setting

Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-one patients with CAI and 21 uninjured individuals.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and force steadiness and accuracy (10% and 30% of MVIC) of the ankle evertors and invertors and hip abductors were assessed using the central 10 seconds (20%–87% of the total time) of the 3 trials.

Results

Relative to the control group, the CAI group demonstrated less accuracy of the invertors (P < .001). Across all motions, the CAI group showed less steadiness (P < .001) and less accuracy (P < .01) than the control group at 10% of MVIC. For MVIC, the CAI group displayed less force output in hip abduction than the uninjured group (P < .0001).

Conclusions

Patients with CAI were unable to control ongoing fine force (10% and 30% of MVIC) through a feedback mechanism during an active test. These findings suggested that deficits in sensorimotor control predisposed patients with CAI to injury positions because they had difficulty integrating the peripheral information and correcting their movements in relation to visual information.
Adoption of Lightning Safety Best-Practices Policies in the Secondary School Setting
Authors: Scarneo-Miller Samantha E. , Flanagan Katie Walsh , Belval Luke N. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Casa Douglas J. , DiStefano Lindsay J.
Published: November 2020

Context

Lightning-related injuries are among the top 10 causes of sport-related death at all levels of sport, including the nearly 8 million athletes participating in US secondary school sports.

Objective

To investigate the adoption of lightning safety policies and the factors that influence the development of comprehensive lightning safety policies in United States secondary schools.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Secondary school.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic trainers (ATs).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

An online questionnaire was developed based on the “National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Lightning Safety for Athletics and Recreation” using a health behavior model, the precaution adoption process model, along with facilitators of and barriers to the current adoption of lightning-related policies and factors that influence the adoption of lightning policies. Precaution adoption process model stage (unaware for need, unaware if have, unengaged, undecided, decided not to act, decided to act, acting, maintaining) responses are presented as frequencies. Chi-square tests of associations and prevalence ratios with 95% CIs were calculated to compare respondents in higher and lower vulnerability states, based on data regarding lightning-related deaths.

Results

The response rate for this questionnaire was 13.43% (n = 365), with additional questionnaires completed via social media (n = 56). A majority of ATs reported maintaining (69%, n = 287) and acting (6.5%, n = 27) a comprehensive lightning safety policy. Approximately 1 in 4 ATs (25.1%, n = 106) described using flash to bang as an evacuation criterion. Athletic trainers practicing in more vulnerable states were more likely to adopt a lightning policy than those in less vulnerable states (57.4% versus 42.6%, prevalence ratio [95% CI] = 1.16 [1.03, 1.30]; P = .009). The most commonly cited facilitator and barrier were a requirement from a state high school athletics association and financial limitations, respectively.

Conclusions

A majority of ATs related adopting (eg, maintaining and acting) the best practices for lightning safety. However, many ATs also indicated continued use of outdated methods (eg, flash to bang).
Employability of the Doctor of Athletic Training Degree within Academe
Authors: Van Lunen Bonnie L , Clines Stephanie H , Reems Tyler , Eberman Lindsey E , Hankemeier Dorice Ann , Welch Bacon Cailee E.
Published: November 2020

Context: The Doctor of Athletic Training (DAT) degree has recently been introduced into academe. Limited literature exists regarding how individuals with this degree can be utilized as athletic training faculty.

Objective: To identify department chairs' perceptions of the DAT degree and determine whether they view the degree as viable when hiring new faculty within a post-baccalaureate professional AT program.

Design: Cross-sectional survey design

Setting: Online survey instrument

Patients or Other Participants: 376 department chairs who had oversight of Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education athletic training programs were invited to participate. 190 individuals (50.5%) accessed the survey and 151 of the 190 department chairs completed (79.5%) all parts of the survey.

Intervention(s): A web-based survey instrument, which included several demographic questions and 4-point Likert-scale items related to perceptions of the DAT degree, was completed.

Main Outcome Measures: Independent variables included institutional control, student enrollment, degree granting classification, faculty with a clinical doctorate, and advanced degree requirements. The dependent variables were the department chairs' responses to the survey items.

Results: More than 80% of department chairs were moderately or extremely familiar with the concept of an advanced practice doctoral degree and 64% reported it would be extremely to moderately beneficial to hire someone with this degree within the AT program. Furthermore, 67% of department chairs reported they were very likely or likely to hire someone with a DAT degree, and believed they would do so in the next 5 years. Characteristics associated with higher perception scores included higher institutional student enrollment, having more current faculty with an advanced practice doctoral degree, and increased level of institutional degree granting classification.

Conclusion(s): Department chairs recognize the DAT degree as a viable degree qualification to teach within professional AT programs. Future research should examine the need for the DAT degree within clinical practice settings.
Effects of Log-Rolling Position on Hip-Abductor Muscle Activation During Side-Lying Hip-Abduction Exercise in Participants With Gluteus Medius Weakness
Authors: Baik Seung-Min , Cynn Heon-Seock , Shim Jae-Hun , Lee Ji-Hyun , Shin A-Reum , Lee Kyung-Eun
Published: November 2020

Context

Weakness of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus is associated with a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. However, activation of synergistic muscles that are not targeted should be considered when prescribing side-lying hip-abduction (SHA) exercises. Log-rolling positions may affect hip-abductor activity during SHA.

Objective

To determine the effects of log-rolling positions on gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and tensor fasciae latae activity during SHA in participants with gluteus medius weakness.

Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Setting

University research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-one participants with gluteus medius weakness.

Intervention(s)

Three types of SHA were performed: frontal-plane SHA in neutral position (SHA-neutral), frontal-plane SHA in anterior log-rolling position (SHA-anterior rolling), and frontal-plane SHA in posterior log-rolling position (SHA-posterior rolling).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Surface electromyography was used to measure hip-abductor activity. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was calculated to assess the statistical significance of the muscle activity.

Results

The SHA-anterior rolling showed greater gluteus medius and gluteus maximus activation than the SHA-neutral (P = .003 and P < .001, respectively) and SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). The SHA-neutral demonstrated greater gluteus medius and gluteus maximus activation than the SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001 and P = .001, respectively). The SHA-anterior rolling produced less tensor fasciae latae activation than the SHA-neutral (P < .001) and SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001). The SHA-neutral showed less tensor fasciae latae activation than the SHA-posterior rolling (P < .001).

Conclusions

The SHA-anterior rolling may be an effective exercise for increasing activation of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus while decreasing activation of the tensor fasciae latae in participants with gluteus medius weakness.
Primary malignant melanoma of mandibular gingiva
Authors: Verma Neha , Srivastava Adit
Published: November 2020

Oral malignant melanomas are rare neoplasms of the oral cavity which present significant diagnostic ambiguity. The etiology is unclear though the stimulation of melanoblasts by genetic, epigenetic, and traumatic causes that have been proposed in etiopathogenesis. Clinically, it presents as a pigmented swelling or growth which remains asymptomatic until it advances to later stages. It is highly invasive and metastasizes quickly; hence, it has a very poor prognosis with a survival rate of only 7%. Early diagnosis of the neoplasm and thorough investigation is not only necessary for prompt treatment but also necessary for a favorable prognosis.
Immigrant Life in an Artistic District. Polish and Ukrainian Immigrant Community and the New York Bohemia of East Village
Authors: Fiń Anna
Published: November 2020

The paper is a case study and addresses the issue of intersection of the immigrant and artistic worlds, exemplified by functioning of Polish and Ukrainian communities in East Village in New York. The Author tries to show how ethnic can intersect with the world of alternative artistic and intellectual culture and what the consequences of such a phenomenon for the transformation of the ethnic neighborhood and its status among the diaspora can be. The analysis is embedded in the historical and humanist perspective, accentuating the “longue durée” process, emphasizing the importance of the area and the social relations going on there for their users. Such an approach allows to form a final question on the possibility of conceptualizing this particular ethnic neighborhood in terms of cultural heritage of the immigrant group.
Dance and Music in the Bangladeshi Diaspora in Italy. The Identity Links forged by Musical Education
Authors: Carnà Katiuscia
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this project was to investigate, as part of an explorative-type research project, whether art – in this case music and dance – can act as a tool capable of favouring social integration within modern intercultural and multi-religious social contexts, while, at the same time, fostering cohesion between the members of Italy’s largest Bangladeshi community, that of Rome. The researcher chose a qualitative methodological approach, grounded in participant observation of social, political Bangladeshi events and religious Festivals held in Rome, as well as investigation of lessons in singing, instrumental music and private dancing lessons conducted by the Sanchari Sangeetayan School and promoted by the new generations of Bangladeshi resident in Rome.
The Syrian Post-Revolutionary Art: The Lingua Franca of the EU
Authors: Prosyukova Ksenia
Published: November 2020

The Syrian political crisis that swept through the country caused a fierce, exhausting, destructive war and forced hundreds of thousands of Syrians to leave their homes in search of a safe life, though full of deprivation. Many of them have settled in the EU. According to psychologists, the level of stress that a person experiences during the process of adaptation to a new environment and integration into a new society is enormous and equal to 8 (on a scale from 1 to 10), which certainly affects many aspects of life, including the artistic potential. The aim of this study is to analyze the art of the Syrian descendants which is currently becoming a new way of communication and helps to discuss problems in those fields where the artistic expression is more effective than the verbal means of communication.
Modern Sanatta Soyut Yaklaşımlar ve Metafizik Yönleri
Authors: MALTAŞ Mehmet Şah
Published: November 2020

Modern dönemde, Bilim ve Felsefe’de olduğu gibi Sanat’ta da soyut yaklaşımlar öne çıkmaya başlamıştır. Resim sanatına müzik sanatının ‘model alınması’ da müziğin resme kıyasla çok daha soyut ve matematiksel bir yapısının olmasından kaynaklıydı. Resim sanatının dünyanın bir kesitinin ‘aynası’, bir kişinin portresi gibi belli şeylerin temsillerinin hizmetinden kurtarılarak ‘saflaştırılması’ ve böylece onun ‘bağımsız bir sanat’ haline dönüştürülmesinin çabası özellikle Kübizm ile başladığı söylenebilir. Kübist sanatçılar Rönesans’tan beri süregelmiş geleneksel tek bakış açılı optik yaklaşımı terk ederler ve duyusal olmaktan çok ussal eserler sunarlar. Dolayısıyla optik yaklaşım yerini daha zihinsel bir yaklaşıma terk eder. Bu bağlamda Apollinaire Kübizm için ‘bir kavrayış sanatı’ ifadesini kullanır. Tuvalin yüzeyi ‘dünyaya açılan bir pencere’ olmaktan çıkartılarak, yüzey artık daha çok, sanatçının zihinsel-kavramsal faaliyetinin yansıtıldığı bir alana dönüştürülür. Tuvalin yüzeyinde söz konusu olan ‘imgeler’ ve bütünsel olarak kompozisyon kendi iç yapısındaki ilişkiler bağlamında ele alınıp çözümlenmeye çalışılır. Yani bir resmi oluşturan bütün elemanların (renk, çizgi, şekil vs.) birbirleri ile ve yüzey ile bağıntıları ele alınır. Böylece Modern Sanatta daha dilsel ve mantıksal bir yaklaşım öne çıkmaya başlar. Dolayısıyla sanat alanında metafizik çabaların da böylece öne çıktığını söyleyebiliriz. Bu bağlamda Modern Sanattaki soyut yaklaşımlar ve bunların metafizik yönleri bu makalede tarihsel süreci bağlamında irdelenecektir.
Computational Benefits, Limitations and Techniques of Parallel Image Processing
Authors: Heng Li Maha , Yu Zhang Marinka
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of digitalized image processing is to
enhance the quality of images and subsequently to facilitate the
process of feature classification and extraction. This process is
effectively utilized in healthcare imaging, computer visioning,
astronomy, meteorology, and remote sensing among other
essential fields. The main issue is that this technique takes a lot of
time even though it provides convenient and efficient means of
addressing the prevailing issue. In this paper, we shall provide a
comparative evaluation of the present contributions adding to the
application of parallel image processing including their limitations
and benefits. Another key segment of research in this paper is to
evaluate parallel computing, presently available techniques, tools
and architecture in different image processing applications. As
such, this paper is purposed to critically evaluate the role of
parallel imaging in the field of healthcare imaging.
Pattern Recognition for Veins and Feature Extraction Techniques
Authors: Welland Laura Hughes
Published: November 2020

Among the biometric system approaches, the Vein Pattern Recognition (VPR) is one of the rapidly expanding aspects of medical image enhancement and scanning. Whereas the ideology behind the technique is modest, there are some problems reported throughout the implementation and designing of vein scanning devices, regarding the hardware lighting framework and the real algorithms utilized for the implementation and processing of a number of images. To maintain the scanning issues to minimize measure, the images from the cameras have to be nearly noiseless and the algorithms have to be capable of detecting the patterns of the veins in different actual-life scenarios. Most implementations of the approach have been commercialized which makes it necessary to launch a system which can extract, analyse and detect the precise human vein patterns whereas maintaining the minimal costs and minimizing the computation requirements of image processing algorithms. Based on that this provides a critical survey of pattern recognition for VPR. Moreover, it provides the hardware processing and implementation remedies based on the approach.
Invoking the Secular: Gendered Delineations of Muslim Belonging in Switzerland
Authors: Aeschbach Mirjam
Published: November 2020

In contemporary public discourses across Europe, concepts of religion and secularity are drawn on in delineations of national ‘selfs’ and acceptable Muslim positionalities. Based on six Swiss-German media outputs discussing Islam in Switzerland in 2016, I argue that concepts of the ‘secular’ as progressive and the ‘religious’ as potentially dangerous, disruptive and as currently arriving from the outside, shape images of national identity and belonging in Switzerland. Analyzing the entanglements of these images with gendered issues, such as gender equality as tied to ‘secular’, male (sexual) violence and the oppression of women as inherently ‘religious’ and particularly Muslim, I illustrate the specific positionalities that mark the fault line between acceptable and unacceptable Muslimness. In this context, the joint declaration of the group Secular Muslims is introduced as an example of how gender-specific views associated with current normative notions of the ‘secular’ are invoked to declare belonging to German-speaking Europe.
Dynamics and Stability in Globally Expanding Charismatic Religions: The Case of the Vineyard Movement in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
Authors: Freudenberg Maren
Published: November 2020

This article examines processes of religious transfer taking place in the neo-Charismatic Vineyard movement by analyzing the development of the German-speaking branch, Vineyard Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz (DACH), in comparison to its American sister association. By drawing from first-hand interviews with congregational leaders and analyses of websites and other digital and print material, the article shows that Vineyard DACH is pursuing an unusually collaborative strategy to integrate into the German-speaking Christian landscape by forging close ties to both the Christian mainstream and its periphery. At the same time, it accentuates its identity as part of the international Vineyard network as a global charismatic movement. In this way, it negotiates the tension between the dynamics of expansion and the stability of a coherent self-identity, which is a distinguishing trait of Pentecostal-Charismatic Christianity. This development may be indicative of broader changes occurring in the religious landscape of German-speaking Europe in the early twenty-first century.
How Tolerable is Cusa’s Tolerance? Revisiting Cusa’s Encounter with Islam
Authors: Gottlöber Susan
Published: November 2020

This paper will analyze Cusa’s approach to Islam as a test case regarding toleration. Firstly, we will establish toleration and its key components as tertium comparationis. Secondly, we will give a brief overview of Cusa’s main positions on Islam and (religious) diversity, including some shifts that occur within his sustained study of the Qur’an. Thirdly, we will apply the concept of toleration to some key points taken from two of Cusa’s works in which he engages in an imagined dialogue with Islam in order to identify his grounds for accepting, objecting to, and rejecting Islamic doctrines. We will argue that while Cusa’s irenic position and his concept of human nature remain constant principles regarding his toleration of Islam, Cusa’s application of the concept of rationabilitas plays a major role in shifting from tolerating to rejecting Islamic doctrines the more the latter are interpreted as heretical.
Lori G. Beaman & Leo Van Arragon (eds.): Issues in Religion and Education. Whose Religion?
Authors: Mendl Hans , Fuchs-Auer Elisabeth
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of Lori G. Beaman & Leo Van Arragon (eds.): Issues in Religion and Education. Whose Religion?International Studies in Religion and Society 25. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2015.xvi, 388 pages and index, hardback € 140,00/$181.00, ISBN: 978-9004289802.
Anne K. Bang: Islamic Sufi Networks in the Western Indian Ocean (c. 1880-1940). Ripples of Reform.
Authors: Brodersen Angelika
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of Anne K. Bang's book: Islamic Sufi Networks in the Western Indian Ocean (c. 1880-1940). Ripples of Reform.Islam in Africa, Volume 16. Leiden: Brill 2014. xiv + 227 pages, € 104.00, ISBN 978-900-425-1342.
Tolly Bradford and Chelsea Horton (eds.): Mixed Blessings. Indigenous Encounters with Christianity in Canada
Authors: Hall Ryan
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Tolly Bradford and Chelsea Horton (eds.): Mixed Blessings. Indigenous Encounters with Christianity in Canada.Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2016. 236 pages, $95.00, ISBN (hardcover): 9780774829397.
Ian Gardner, Jason BeDuhn & Paul Dilley: Mani at the Court of the Persian Kings. Studies on the Chester Beatty Kephalaia Codex
Authors: Iricinschi Eduard
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review ofIan Gardner, Jason BeDuhn & Paul Dilley: Mani at the Court of the Persian Kings. Studies on the Chester Beatty Kephalaia Codex. Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies, v. 87.Leiden: Brill, 2015. 320 + x pages, €110.00, ISBN: 9789004234703
Jeffrey H. Mahan (ed.): Media, Religion and Culture. An Introduction
Authors: Fazal Sajida
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review ofJeffrey H. Mahan (ed.): Media, Religion and Culture. An Introduction.London/New York: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, 2014. 178 pages, € 43,00,ISBN: 978-0-415-68320-3
Tuomas Martikainen: Religion, Migration, Settlement. Reflections on Post-1990 Immigration to Finland
Authors: Rimestad Sebastian
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Tuomas Martikainen: Religion, Migration, Settlement. Reflections on Post-1990 Immigration to Finland Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2013. 159 pages, € 92,00/$ 125.00,ISBN: 978-90-04-24846-5 (hardback), 978-90-04-25058-1 (e-book)
John C. Lyden & Eric Michael Mazur (eds.): The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular Culture
Authors: Fazal Sajida
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:John C. Lyden & Eric Michael Mazur (eds.): The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular CultureRoutledge: London/New York, 2015. 583 pages, € 197,00/$ 214.00, ISBN: 978-0-415-63866-1 (hbk), 978-1315-72447-8 (ebk).
Katja Ritari & Alexandra Bergholm (eds.): Understanding Celtic Religion: Revisiting the Pagan Past
Authors: Freeman Philip
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Understanding Celtic Religion: Revisiting the Pagan PastEdited by Katja Ritari & Alexandra Bergholm.Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2015.181 pages, £95.00, ISBN (hardcover) 978-1-78316-792-0
Ernesto de Martino: Magic: A Theory from the South
Authors: Rivera Andía Juan Javier
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Magic: A Theory from the South.By Ernesto de Martino.Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2015.224 pages, $30.00, ISBN: 9780990505099.
Darla Y. Schumm & Michael Stolzfus (eds.): Disability and World Religions: An Introduction
Authors: Clasquin-Johnson Michel , Clasquin-Johnson Mary G.
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Disability and World Religions: An IntroductionEdited by Darla Y. Schumm and Michael Stolzfus.Waco: Baylor University Press, 2016.258 pp., £44.95, ISBN (hardcover) 978-1-48-130521-1.
Linking Khotan and Dūnhuáng: Buddhist Narratives in Text and Image
Authors: Anderl Christoph
Published: November 2020

In the propagation and spread of Buddhism throughout Asia, jātaka and avadāna narratives played a decisive role, both in the form of texts and iconographical representations. In this paper I will focus on another set of narratives which enjoyed great popularity in the Dūnhuáng area during the later Tang and Five Dynasties period, dealing with historical projections concerning the origin and transmission of Buddhism. In this stories, “Auspicious Statues” (ruìxiàng 瑞像) play a key role. These “living” statues were thought to have moved from Indian monasteries to Khotan and other regions, serving as agents of the transmission of the Dharma in these areas. Besides reflecting religious key concern during that period, the historical narratives on the spread of Buddhism also give witness to the close diplomatic and family relations between Dunhuang and the Kingdom of Khotan during that period.