bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KESULITAN MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH STATISTIKA INFERENSIAL
Authors: Haerudin  , Iyan Rosita Dewi Nur
Published: January 2021

Menganalisis data hasil penelitian merupakan sesuatu hal yang baru dan sangat menantang bagi para peneliti pemula seperti mahasiswa, dalam mengkaji sebuah fenomena. Agar tugas mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan program sarjananya dapat diselesaikan dengan baik maka dianalisis kesulitan belajar yang dihadapi para mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran statistika inferensial yaitu dengan menganalisis seperti apa bentuk kesulitan yang dihadapi serta mempelajari faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kesulitan mahassiwa dalam pembelajaran statistika inferensial sehingga ke depannya dapat dilakukan semacam strategi pembelajaran agar kesulitan mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran statistika inferensial ini dapat diatasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskripsi. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika angkatan 2016-2017. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu peneliti sebagai instrumen utama, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik interaktif yaitu suatu teknik analisis data kualitatif yang terdiri dari tiga alur kegiatan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan / verifikasi yang terjadi secara bersamaan.
The Joyful Experience in Learning Mathematics
Authors: Yabo Ricky Sumingguit
Published: January 2021

This study conducted to determine the effectiveness of joyful scaffolds in teaching grade VIII Mathematics in the Department of Education of the Philippines. Two intact groups were used as the subjects of the study. The experimental and control group were exposed to joyful and traditional scaffolds in teaching respectively. This study includes the pre – post assessments, significant improvements, and significant mean gain differences of students exposed to traditional and joyful scaffolds in teaching Mathematics in terms of performance level. The findings of the study revealed that the joyful scaffold in teaching is more effective in improving the students’ Mathematics performance as compared to the traditional scaffold in teaching and the skills acquired is sufficient enough to prove that these experimental group of students was able to gain experience from joyful approach and a positive change of attitude towards their view on Mathematics was realized after the exposure. The cognitive progression was deepen and attainment of knowledge was enhanced, psychomotor skills were activated and augmented through enjoyable mathematics learning activities, and students’ interests and learning manners were maximized. Furthermore, the joyful scaffold in teaching in this study was immensely efficient in improving the students’ Mathematics performance as compared to the traditional scaffold in teaching. Moreover, the outcome of this research supports the assertion that employing, relating, or incorporating several joyful media to learning boosted up students’ academic performance especially those who are detached during the classroom discussion.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMICS LEARNING MEDIA FOR BUYING AND SELLING PRACTICES ON SOCIAL ARITHMETIC
Authors: Zaimah Husnuz
Published: January 2021

Husnuz Zaimah zaimah335@gmail.comMathematics teacher of MTsN 2 Mojokerto, East JavaAbstract: Social Arithmetic discusses buying and selling material. To achieve the description of the practice of buying and selling can be easily understood by students through the use of comic media. The purpose of this research is to develop learning media in the form of comics about buying and selling practices on MTsN 2 Mojokerto Social Arithmetic material. The development procedure was adapted from the theory developed by Borg & Gall (1983) through 9 stages, namely (1) conducting research and information gathering, (2) conducting planning, (3) developing initial product formats, (4) design validation, (5) ) revising design validation, (6) major field trials, (7) revising products, (8) conducting operational field tests, (9) conducting product effectiveness tests; (10) Revision of the final product. The results of the comic media analysis of learning buying and selling practices show the validation score of the material expert is 96% and the media expert is 93.6%. Trial of 17 students 82.30% and 34 students 92.31%. From the effectiveness test the average value of the control class is 48.5 while the trial class is 76.91. T-test significance test showed 0.01. The data above shows that the learning comics media of buying and selling practices is said to be feasible to be used in the learning process of Social Arithmetic material Keywords: development, comic media, buying and selling practices
The Use of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) to Help Indonesian 5th-Grade Students to Learn Multiplication and Division
Authors: Setiadi Nanang
Published: January 2021

Abstract                                                              This paper discusses the use of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) as an alternative approach to enhance Indonesian 5th-grade students’ ability in multiplication and division. It presents the analysis of Indonesian 5th-grade students’ difficulties in applying stacking method for multiplication and division. Furthermore, it describes a mathematics teaching learning practice to stimulate students constructing their strategies, mathematical models and number sense in solving mathematical problems that involve multiplication and division. The teaching learning practice aims to apply RME for helping students develop their multiplication and division ability.Findings shows that stacking methods for multiplication and division are difficult for the students. The main students’ problem in multiplication and division stacking methods is in reapplying the steps of the methods. The steps taken to improve the learning process by implementing RME are: (1) analyze in detail the difficulties of students in multiplication and division stacking methods, (2) provide contexts of mathematical problems that can stimulate students to think mathematically, (3) hold a class mathematics congress, and (4) conduct a test to measure students’ achievement.            Based on the students’ achievement, there has been several improvements. After RME, there were more students whose grades passed the Minimum Mastery Criteria. Moreover, there was a student who got 100. Then, the average test was higher. Meanwhile, there were only 3 children whose grades were 0. Thus, the application of RME has helped the 5th-grade students to improve their ability in multiplication and division.
Variation of Tasks as a Strategy to Enhance Students’ Learning of Algebra
Authors: Fong Ng Swee
Published: January 2021

Algebra challenges students and teachers alike. Students find algebra abstract. In particular the structural conception of algebra confounds students. Why should the task: (a) simplify x2 + 3x + 2 be any different from; (b) solve x2 + 3x + 2 = 0? Despite their best efforts, teachers find that many students continue to solve task (a) when there is no reason for doing so. Research shows that these two tasks require students to have constructed different meanings of structure and meanings of letters for such algebraic objects. What does it mean to simplify and what does it mean to solve? What meanings do letters have in each of these cases? In this talk, I wish to share how simple yet innovative strategies could be used to help students discern one set of tasks from another. These strategies, underpinned by the theory of variation (Marton & Tsui, 2004) were tested out by teachers in Singapore. Their work showed that students improved in their performance with various types of algebra tasks. Students’ improvements were reflected in terms of their capacity to justify their choices.
Exemplifying a Model-Eliciting Task for Primary School Pupils
Authors: Eric Chan Chun Ming , Widjaja Wanty , Dawn Ng Kit Ee
Published: January 2021

Mathematical modelling is a field that is gaining prominence recently in mathematics education research and has generated interests in schools as well. In Singapore, modelling and applications are included as process components inrevised 2007 curriculum document (MOE, 2007) as keeping to reform efforts. InIndonesia, efforts to place stronger emphasis on connecting school mathematicswith real-world contexts and applications have started in Indonesian primary schools with the Pendidikan Realistik Matematik Indonesia (PMRI) movement a decade ago (Sembiring, Hoogland, Dolk, 2010). Amidst others, modelling activities are gradually introduced in Singapore and Indonesian schools to demonstrate the relevance of school mathematics with real-world problems. However, in order for it to find a place in the mathematics classroom, there is aneed for teacher-practitioners to know what mathematical modelling and what amodelling task is. This paper sets out to exemplify a model-eliciting task that has been designed and used in both a Singapore and Indonesian mathematicsclassroom. Mathematical modelling, the features of a model-eliciting task, and its potential and advice on implementation are discussed.
Towards Mathematical Literacy in the 21st Century: Perspectives from Indonesia
Authors: Widjaja Wanty
Published: January 2021

The notion of mathematical literacy advocated by PISA (OECD, 2006) offers a broader conception for assessing mathematical competences and processes with the main focus on the relevant use of mathematics in life. This notion of mathematical literacy is closely connected to the notion of mathematical modelling whereby mathematics is put to solving real world problems. Indonesia has participated as a partner country in PISA since 2000. The PISA trends in mathematics from 2003 to 2009 revealed unsatisfactory mathematical literacy among 15-year-old students from Indonesia who lagged behind the average of OECD countries. In this paper, exemplary cases will be discussed to examine and to promote mathematical literacy at teacher education level. Lesson ideas and instruments were adapted from PISA released items 2006. The potential of such tasks will be discussed based on case studies of implementing these instruments with samples of pre-service teachers in Yogyakarta.
What Might Happen to School Mathematics in 2013?
Authors: Yee Lee Peng
Published: January 2021

The following commentary on the direction and substance of the curriculum reviewprocess currently happening in Singapore was included because of its interest toreaders from other countries. However, the views expressed here are those of theauthor, a respected and experienced Asian mathematics educator, and do notnecessarily reflect those of the editors or the international advisory panel.
Teachers Views and Perceptions towards the Lesson Study Processes
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi , Preechaporn Warabhorn
Published: January 2021

The key to professional development is inquiry. For teachers, it means that they become researchers, inquiring into their own practices for purposes of professional renewal. Lesson Study has been widely accepted as an embedded teacher professional development process. This paper reports on primary school mathematics teachers’ view and perceptions toward Lesson Study processes as a mean for their continuous professional development. After their exposure to Lesson Study processes from a four week course at RECSAM, the researchers sought their views and experiences with conducting Lesson Study. The respondents were primary school mathematics teachers and teacher’ educators who participated in courses conducted at SEAMEO RECSAM, Penang, Malaysia. The data were drawn through interview and from their project works, journals, reports, and questionnaires. This study noted that most of the teachers held positive but reluctant views on Lesson Study as a path for continuous professional development. They agreed that Lesson Study can be used as effective tool for their professional development under specific circumstance. Possible factors that support and hinder teachers to be engaged in Lesson Study were noted such as flexible time table, teacher’s experiences and supportiveschool policy.
Enjoying Maximising Opportunities For Learning Mathematics
Authors: Averill Robin
Published: January 2021

In this keynote we will examine and participate in mathematics teaching and learning practices that contribute to strong learning focussed relationships and enjoyment of mathematics learning. Pedagogies, learning experiences, and caring teacher behaviours that include and extend beyond traditional mathematics teaching practices will be presented as examples of how academic relationships can be fostered towards all students making strong mathematics learning gains. The use of contexts that students find realistic, meaningful, and engaging will be discussed. A culturally responsive mathematics education model that encompasses cognitive, social, physical, and spiritual dimensions will be used to consider themes from the keynote session. Examples of research-practice links will be discussed.
Supporting Students’ Understanding of Area Measurement Through Verknippen Applet
Authors: Yunianto Wahid
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we will present a case study of the possibility of using an applet in the teaching and learning of area measurement. The researcher investigated how an applet can support students’ understanding of the concept of conservation of area. Data were collected through video registration, students’ work and interviews. Students were involved in six meetings around the learning of area measurement. In some meetings, students worked on hands-on activities. For instance, through cut and paste activities, students would acquirethe concept of conservation of area. They witnessed that if there is no part thrown away when cutting and pasting a figure, the area will not change. However, when it comes to reshaping a figure into another one (rectangle), students would use trial and error. Some students would face difficulties reshaping the figures into a rectangle. They could not undo their cutting when they failed in making a rectangle. To some extent, hands-on activities will constrain students. The use of an applet which provides the same activities will help students to be more creative in reshaping a figure. The school has no internet facilities to access the applet. To see the possibilities of an applet to support students understanding, after some weeks, we invited students to play with the applet. We recorded students’ activities in working with the applet. Students were enthusiastic to try when they could not solve the problems. After the session with the applet, students worked on similar problems on paper. They successfully dealt with the problems. It reveals that students prefer to use the applet because they can easily try again when they fail. It shows that students could understand how to measure areas of irregular figures.
Impact of Brain Research upon School Mathematics for the 21st Century
Authors: White Allan Leslie
Published: January 2021

In 1924, Hans Berger succeeded in recording the first human electroencephalogram (EEG). With developments in technology, there are now a variety of approaches for examining brain activity such as Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI), magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) and computed tomography (CT scans). This technology is giving the first glimpses of the vastness of our inner brain space and brain research is being used to treat autism spectrum disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and other brain related conditions. Importantly, the implications of brain research for education are beginning to emerge. This paper will discuss some of these implications with special focus upon mathematics teaching and learning. It will discuss a scale for classifying teaching strategies according to their aims and student learning outcomes involving understanding. It will end with a reflection on the importance of the end of a mathematicsclassroom lesson.
A Learning Trajectory of Indonesian 12-years Old Students Understanding of Division of Fractions
Authors: Nizar Achmad , Amin Siti Maghfirotun , Lukito Agung
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to describe mathematical hands-on activities that can support students to gain better understanding of dividing fractions. This preliminary research phase was started by testing, analyzing, and refining the initial hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT), then in the pilot experimental phase the revised HLT was implemented, and ended with the teaching experimental phase by developing a learning trajectory for 12-year old students in understanding division of fractions. In developing the trajectory, a design research methodology was employed by using four contextual-based learning series (sharing biscuit, sharing remaining chocolate bar, arranging bedroom mats, and running around school yard), including providing some concrete materials or pictorial models as manipulative tools. Seven mathematics experts and twenty five 12-year old students were involved during the research. The four designed learning goals were determining the quotient of division of integer by proper fraction, proper fraction by integer, two proper fractions, and two fractions. Students succeeded in demonstrating their understanding and stated that 16:1/2 = 32; 25/36:5 = 5/36; 24/64:1/2 = 6/8; and 15/2:3/4 = 10 respectively at the end of each designed activity. The interesting results of this study are not a proof, so that a much larger study is needed to determine if the results are due to this approach or due to the teachers’ enthusiasm or what is known as the Hawthorne Effect.
GeoGebra as a Means for Understanding Limit Concepts
Authors: Sari Puspita
Published: January 2021

Limit is a major concept in calculus that underpins the concepts of derivatives and integrals. The common misconception about limits is that students treat the value of a limit of a function as the value of a function at a point. This happens because usually the teaching of limit only leads to a procedural understanding (Skemp, 1976) without a proper conceptual understanding. Some researchers suggest the importance of geometrical representations to a meaningful conceptual understanding of calculus concepts. In this research, GeoGebra as a dynamic software is used to support students’ understanding of limit concepts by bridging students' algebraic and geometrical thinking. In addition to this, realistic mathematicseducation (RME) is used as a domain theory to develop an instructional design regarding how GeoGebra could be used to illustrate and explore the limit concept of so that students will have a meaningful understanding both algebraically and geometrically. Therefore, this research aims to explore the hypothetical learning trajectory in order to develop students’ understanding of limit concepts by means of GeoGebra and an approach based on RME.The results show that students are able to solve limit problems and at the same time they try to make sense of the problem by providing geometrical representations of it. Thus, the use of geometric representations by GeoGebra and RME approach could provide a more complete understanding of the concepts of limit. While the results are interesting and encouraging and provide some promising directions, they are not a proof and a much larger study would be needed to determine if the results are due to this approach or due to the teachers’ enthusiasm, the novelty effect or what is known as the Hawthorne Effect.
The Effectiveness of Interactive Module Based on Lectora™ to Improve Secondary School Students’ Spatial Ability
Authors: Septia Tika , Edriati Sofia , Pratiwi Merina
Published: January 2021

Polyhedral geometry is a topic that requires students’ spatial ability. The study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the interactive module based on Lectora™ for students. Action research was adopted for this study. This research consisted of two cycles where each followed the steps: plan, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study was students Grade 8 of SMP Taman Siswa. In general, learning is said to be effective if at least 85% of students pass the test. The findings show that 75% of the students in cycle I got maximum test score and in cycle II the percentage increases to 87.5%.
Exploring Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills of Yogyakarta Junior Secondary School Students
Authors: Susanti Elsa , Retnowati Endah
Published: January 2021

This article explores the skills and difficulties in critical thinking of junior Indonesian high school students in mathematics learning. Fifty students of grade IX who were purposive randomly selected from state junior secondary schools in Yogyakarta City were involved as the research subjects. The data were obtained from the test of mathematical critical thinking on the material of geometry. The test consisted of four items that describe each aspect of critical thinking skills, namely interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference. The analysis was done by showing the steps of the students ‘answers. The result indicated that the average of the aspects of mathematical critical thinking of students were on the high criteria with students’ greatest difficulties being in the analysis standard. Meanwhile,the average student success in the interpretation standard was 82%, the standard of the analysis was 46.25%, the evaluation standard was 78.25%, and the inference standard was 77%. Furthermore, from the results of the sample students’ exploration answers, it is expected that future teaching should not only focus on fluency in calculation but also on training the students in how to explain the solution steps of the problem solving process as this is important part in critical thinking.
How Indonesian Students Use the Polya’s General Problem Solving Steps
Authors: Pratikno Hari , Retnowati Endah
Published: January 2021

General problem-solving steps consist of understanding the problem, developing a plan, implementing the plan and checking the result. The purpose of this study is to explore how well Indonesia junior secondary school students apply these four steps in solving mathematical problems, especially on plane geometry topics. Using a qualitative approach, with a sample of nine students, of which three students were from the low mathematics achievement category, three from the medium and three from the high category, were given a test and instructed to write the answers to each question step by step. The results were described and categorized into four groups. The first group consisted of students who used all of the four steps. The second and the third were for students who used the first three steps or the first two steps respectively. The fourth group was for those who could only show the first step. The study indicated that for this sample the level of mathematic ability corresponded to how the students applied their problem-solving steps. It was found that students with high ability were included in the first group, while those with moderate ability were in the second group. Low ability students were categorized into group four. Nevertheless, there was one student with high ability who did not to do the checking step and there was one student with low ability who was able to develop a plan.
COMPLIANCE PÚBLICO: IRREGULARIDADES EM CONTRATOS DA PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: Vecchio Fabrizio Bon , Vieira Débora Manke
Published: January 2021

: A elaboração de programas de Compliance também tem a função precípua de coibir práticas desonestas junto aos contratos celebrados com a Administração Pública. Em especial no atual momento, que por conta da pandemia da COVID-19, e autorizado pela Medida Provisória 926/2020, o setor da saúde adquiriu, sem licitação e na modalidade de contratação emergencial, testes, medicamentos, respiradores mecânicos, demais produtos e serviços relacionados à pandemia, ferindo diversos princípios administrativos. Os programas de Compliance devem focar em estratégias capazes de incentivar àqueles que observam os padrões de conduta, ampliar os mecanismos de fiscalização e, ainda, assegurar que as penalidades impostas sejam suficientes para inibir futuras condutas desonestas. No entanto, a problemática central, e sobre a qual se pretende explanar, se encontra na necessidade da adoção de programas de integridade e anticorrupção como requisito para que o poder público contrate com fornecedores, realidade esta, inclusive, já vigente em muitos estados da federação. É evidente que a situação estabelecida pela pandemia exige que certas normas sejam pelo menos relativizadas, contudo, como irá se demonstrar, a exceção não pode servir de guarida para o cometimento de irregularidades e ilicitudes, como as que vêm sendo descobertas todos os dias em nosso país.
Postgraduate University Students’ Experiences and Attitudes Toward Culturally Diverse Learning Environments
Authors: Sahin Orhan , Jenkins Louise
Published: January 2021

In this paper we investigate the attitudes that Australian domestic university students hold toward cultural diversity on a large, metropolitan university campus. We employed a qualitative approach incorporating five individual semistructured interviews, and a focus group in order to gather data on the participants’ attitudes toward cultural diversity, and the contributing influences on these attitudes. The findings of this study indicate that the participants’ attitudes were impacted significantly by past and present experiences of cultural diversity, and the immersion in a culturally diverse university campus. The research contextualizes how these life experiences are responsible for shaping attitudes toward cultural diversity on university campus and provides an insight into the influence of cultural diversity on Australian university campuses, including how such diversity policies have influenced attitudes. Importantly it discusses how more culturally inclusive learning environments can be created on university campus to accommodate this increasing diversity and how this translates into a more successful learning environment.
THE EFFECTS OF BEDDING MATERIAL CONTAINING PEAT MOSS ON BROILER PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND FERTILIZING VALUE OF THE LITTER
Authors: Živkov Baloš Milica , Knežević Slobodan , Pajić Marko , Popov Nenad , Jakšić Sandra , Vidaković Knežević Suzana , Mihaljev Željko , Bugarski Dejan
Published: January 2021

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of alternative bedding materials on broiler production performances and litter quality in plant production. A 40-day experiment was carried out on 6885 broilers of ROSS 308 provenience. The broilers were reared on bedding material which consisted of cellulose pellets, wood chips, peat moss, and pH stabilizers. Feeding, zoohygienic and zootechnical measures met technological normative for this provenience. During the experiment, health status and mortality of broilers were observed. Litter pH, moisture, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content in litter were determined at the end of experiment. Average live weight of broilers at the end of the trial was 2620 g. Mortality of chickens was 1.52%. The results of the study indicated that use of specified bedding material was beneficial for broilers production parameters. The results of investigation of litter quality indicate that it can provide similar benefits to inorganic fertilizers in terms of plant growth.
QUALITY OF WELL WATER INTENDED FOR WATERING PIGS: ANALYSES OF BACTERIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PESTICIDE CONTENT
Authors: Milanov Dubravka Spasoje , Kartalović Brankica , Aleksić Nevenka , Lazić Gospava , Popov Nenad , Lazić Sava
Published: January 2021

Water used for watering pigs, originating from five wells located in households in a settlement in Vojvodina, was inspected for its quality by the analysis of bacteriological parameters and pesticide content. Five samples were taken from each well at monthly intervals (n=25). In all water samples from three wells, coliform bacteria, including thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli, indicators of faecal contamination, were repeatedly detected. In the water of all of the five wells organophosphate pesticides were detected, whose maximum allowed concentrations are not defined by the current Serbian Regulations on the quality of drinking water. Given the quantity of water consumed by pigs on a daily basis, water contaminated with coliform bacteria and organophosphate pesticides poses a risk to their health. Diminishing natural resources of drinking water and the growing environmental pollution, renders the assessment of the quality of water intended for domestic animals necessary as part of the integrated system of management in agricultural holdings.
Indonesian in Service Teacher’s Production of Directive Speech Acts and Students’ Responses
Authors: Azizah Alfi Nur , Suparno Suparno , Supriyadi Slamet
Published: January 2021

Teacher uses language as a medium of communication to teach, guide and instruct students in the classroom. This study aims to investigate the English teacher's directives and the students' responses to these directives. This study participants were an English teacher of a junior high school in Indonesia who teaches an eighth-grade class and her students who were chosen purposively. This qualitative case study was collected through observation, and interviews and were then analyzed by following Miles' interactive cyclical model. The results revealed that the teacher mostly produced directive speech acts types of commands and requests rather than suggestions. Commands have been the most commonly used type of directives since the teacher plays a control in the classroom because it is more understandable and familiar for the students. Hence, the students' responses varied, and depended on their response strategies and each personal reason.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KEWIRAUSAHAAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PRAKARYA DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI SMA NEGERI 2 BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL
Authors: Tugino Tugino , Hasanah Enung
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the process of implementing entrepreneurship programs through craft and entrepreneurship learning at SMA Negeri 2 Banguntapan Bantul. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and document analysis. We conducted interviews with school principals, vice-principals, teachers, students, and parents. We conducted data analysis referring to the writing of Entrepreneurship Education (Naswan Suharsono, Undiksha), namely through steps to reduce data, present data, and draw conclusions. The results showed that 1) SMA Negeri 2 Banguntapan Bantul developed entrepreneurship programs that refer to the school's vision and mission; 2) Cultivating an entrepreneurial attitude is carried out in several stages of coordination, preparation and planning, entrepreneurship development in the curriculum, outreach to school members, motivation by practitioners and visits to DUDI, entrepreneurial IHT; 3) The implementation of entrepreneurship program development is carried out by integrating subjects and extracurricular activities; the formation of the Student Business Group (KUS), and the existence of the Bazaar.
TIGA PARADIGMA EVALUASI PENDIDIKAN: SEBUAH PETA PERKEMBANGAN
Authors: Prihantoro Agung
Published: January 2021

In the field of classroom educational assessment or evaluation, there is a research gap in the development of three educational assessment paradigms: assessment of learning, assessment for learning, and assessment as learning. The paper aims to fill the gap by describing the development. The research methodology employed was literature review. The results indicated that two phases of the development are early and advanced ones. In the early phase, some educational stakeholders hoped to orient educational assessment toward learning, not only assessing. The early phase originated the assessment as learning which showed differences among the three paradigms. In the advanced phase, the assessment as learning together with the assessment of learning and the assessment for learning were applied in various classes in schools and higher education in many countries. The application generated scientifically empirical shreds of evidence of strengths and weaknesses and future progress of particularly the assessment as learning.
ANALISA KRITIS: HAK KONSTITUSIONAL PROFESI GURU
Authors: Utomo Triwahyu Budi
Published: January 2021

Problems constitutional rights of citizens, especially the constitutional right of Master in performing the tasks their profession very interesting to be studied in depth. Many phenomena memprihatin happens to teachers in performing the duties of his profession. \ Legal framework is indispensable for teachers in carrying out the duties of his profession. Konstkitusi rights are the legal rights of the highest level, how 1945 has dimanademen able to give a guarantee of protection for teachers in carrying out the duties of his profession.

Constitutional rights contained in the 1945 Constitution before the amendment is 7 chapters that consist of Article 27 paragraph (2), article 28, article 29 (paragraph (2), Article 30 paragraph (1), Article 31 paragraph (1) and Article 32. Meanwhile, after the Second Amendment in 2000, the overall material provisions of the rights of human rights in the 1945 Constitution, which when combined with the various provisions contained in the legislation relating to human rights, can be grouped into four groups containing 37 grains provisions ,

The teacher is a profession that vulnerable groups receive treatment that could interfere with the task of his profession, thus requiring special treatment for access protection and fulfillment of the constitutional right to avoid the violence and achieve justice with dignity. Constitutional rights for teachers in carrying out professional duties is guaranteed in the Law on Teachers and Lecturers and implied the existence of protection for teachers in implementing professional duties which include: (1) protection of the law; (2) the protection of the profession: and (3) the protection of health and safety.
Thomas Southerne's Muslim Settings and the Politics of the Succession Crisis: A Critical Study of The Loyal Brother
Authors: Alnwairan Met'eb
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper argues that Thomas Southerne used Muslim characters and settings in his play The Loyal Brother (1682) as an allegory for the Succession Crisis of the Restoration period in England. As Southerne's play was published during a time of extreme political tension and controversy, the political discourse the playwright presents in his work reflects the increasing partisanship in the English political nation. In a sense, the representations of Muslim characters in Southerne's play were heavily influenced by the contemporary politics of Restoration England. Obviously, a Tory writer like Southerne employed the image of the Muslim character to emphasize pro-Stuarts political ideas.
Keywords: Thomas Southerne, The Loyal Brother, Succession Crisis, Restoration Drama
Isolation and Idenficatiion of Vibrio Spp from Different Dye Industry Effluent in Salem Distric Tamilnadu
Authors: Kalaiselvi Dr. V. , Umamagesh P. , Ammu D. , Latha R.
Published: January 2021

Studies were carried out on the Different type of vibrio spp, isolated from dye industry effluent. Among the 90 strains of vibrio spp isolated from effluents of textile industries, three showed optimize at different factors such as pH, Temperatue, salinity, carbone source, nitrogen source etc.
Computational Estimation And RANS Simulation of Free Surface Flow Around A Ship Hull
Authors: Samarpana Katuri
Published: January 2021

Ship hydrodynamics present many unique challenges due to complex geometry, environment, and operating conditions, which results in many complex physics and modelling issues. This is commonly studied through experiments in a towing tank and
experiments in a sea keeping and manoeuvring basin. Recently hydrodynamicists have begun to venture into computational prediction of hydrodynamic behaviour of surface ships. Free surface phenomenon around a ship hull plays an important role in its
resistance. Wave making resistance comes from the very presence of free surface. Therefore its accurate prediction is very essential for ship design. The flow problem to be simulated is rich in complexity and poses many modelling challenges because of the
existence of breaking waves around the ship hull involving two-phase flow, and because of the resolution of thin turbulent boundary layer. The paper aims to computationally estimate the effect of free surface for a moving ship. Commercial software is used for grid generation and flow solution.
1. Solution of a Rudder of a ship in submerged condition.
Few different shapes of the rudders are examined.
2. Solution of flow- around a complete ship with free surface.
In the present work, flow through the ship hull is computed using a finite volume commercial code, ANSYS 12.1. The ship geometry is modelled using solid modelling software, CATIA V5R9. A three-dimensional structured hexahedral grid is generated using grid generating code, ICEM-CFD V10.0 .Turbulence is modelled with Reynolds Stress model. The resistance of the ship is predicted, and compared against the experimental values. The rudder of the ship is also analyzed. Two different shapes, one wedge shaped and a standard NACA0012 foil, for which experimental results are available in literature, are analyzed. The lift coefficients and flow separation are predicted for different angles of attack using various turbulence models.Computational results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
Material Characterization of 316L Stainless Steel After Being Subjected To Cryogenic Treatment
Authors: Nauman Mohd Touseef , Mohideen S. Rasool , Kaleem Nasreen
Published: January 2021

Post processing of materials is necessary to suit them for the intended requirements. The properties of stainless steel of grade 316L cannot be influenced with further processing such as hot working [1]. Thus the current study aims at investigating the properties of stainless steel of grade 316L after being subjected to deep cryogenic treatment. The specimens from both cryogenically treated and untreated conditions were subjected to Tensile Test, Charpy Impact Test, Rockwell Hardness Test, Microstructure and Percentage Shear Area Analysis and the results thus obtained are discussed in this paper. The results have shown that cryogenic treatment has improved the hardness and strength.
Fuzzy Hungarian Approach for Transportation Model
Authors: Patil Arun , Chandgude S. B.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, a method is proposed to find the fuzzy optimal solution of fuzzy transportation model by representing all the parameters as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. To illustrate the proposed method a fuzzy transportation problem is solved by using the proposed method and the results are obtained. The proposed method is easy to understand, and to apply for finding the fuzzy optimal solution of fuzzy transportation models in real life situations. However, we propose the method of fuzzy modified distribution for finding out the optimal solution for minimizing the cost of total fuzzy transportation. The advantages of the proposed method are also discussed.
Analysis of Switch Gear and Validation
Authors: Chaitanya S. Krishna , Teja M. Vimal
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the main function of a circuit breaker is to open up a circuit for a pre-defined time so as to prevent a sudden surge in current that could damage the equipment due to high heat is discussed. The equations of motion derived in this paper can predict the closing, opening of spring type operating mechanism in predefined time as well as be used to compute dynamic response of the moving contact. Using the optimized switch gear mechanism, the atlas of all feasible mechanisms for the spring-actuated controlling system of a circuit breaker has been synthesized.
Experimental Investigation to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Air and Co2 in Impingement Cooling of Electronic Equipment
Authors: Zakrea Syed , Ali Siddiq , Ahmed Mohammed Ayaz , Anwarullah M.
Published: January 2021

Experimental investigation is conducted to examine the characteristics of forced convective heat transfer from electronic components, subjected to a confined impinging circular jet of Air and CO2. Parameters such as Heat transfer coefficient, Jet velocities, Nozzle-to-chip spacing (aspect ratio) (H/d) have been studied. Nozzle diameter ranged from 2mm to 8mm. Local heat flux measurements are made with different diameters of jet in the range of Reynolds numbers from 5,000 to 44,000 for CO2 and 2,500 to 23,000 for air. H/d is varied from 3 to 45 for both air and CO2. Variations both in the local heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number are determined as function of Re. Variations of average Nusselt number and local heat flux with time are obtained in a wide range of Re and H/d ratios. The results of the investigation are presented in graphical form and a comparative study of Air and CO2 as coolant is made.
Optimal Allocation for Reliability Analysis of Series Parallel System using Dynamic Programming
Authors: Kumar D. Ravi , Sankar V.
Published: January 2021

In general, optimal allocations for Series-Parallel redundant configurations being carried out using unit or component redundancies. However, Dynamic programming approach by which the optimal allocation can be used when the values of reliabilities and cost for each component are known. The advantage of Dynamic programming approach is that it is simple and it requires less processing time. In this paper, the optimal allocation for series parallel Reliability Logic Diagram of a system is considered. The deterministic Dynamic Programming approach for Reliability optimization has been used and optimal allocation is obtained with different number of components at each stage. Whereas, in the earlier methods, either unit or component redundancies are only used for estimating Optimum reliability.
Mechanical Behaviour of Polypropylene And Human Hair Fibres And Polypropylene Reinforced Polymeric Composites
Authors: Choudhry Sanjay , Pandey Bhawana
Published: January 2021

Bio fibres have recently become eye-catching to researchers, engineers and scientist as an alternative reinforcement for FRP (fibre reinforced polymer) composite. Due to their low cost, fairly good mechanical properties, high aspect strength .Three to four ton of human hair fibre wasted in India annually .These fibre pose an environmental challenge In order to find commercial application the wasted human hair fibre mixed with polypropylene. Polypropylene based composite are prepared using hair fibre obtained from human hair. Human hair fibres are mixed into polypropylene (PP) at 3,5,10 and 15 % by wt. using two roll mills. The composite are compression moulded at specific time and temperature. Polypropylene and hair fibre polymer reinforced composite have better flexural and impact strength than PP (Polypropylene) and lower the tensile strength of polypropylene and hair fibre polymer reinforced composite than (PP) polypropylene.
GPS Vehicle Theft Tracking and Identification Control System
Authors: Deenadayalan C. , Prasanth P.S.
Published: January 2021

This project greatly reduces the man power, time and operates efficiently without human interferences. In modern world, many new technologies such as RFID, bio metric recognition, GPS, GSM or mobile communication techniques and so on have been integrated into car security system. At the same time the amount of accident of car still remains high especially lost. In the system the processing system sends the signal to the processing unit. In this project, GPS is used to find the position of the vehicle and GSM used to send the message to the specified person whose number is stored in the micro controlled. At once if the vehicle seems to be theft, the owner has to just send SMS to that vehicle means vehicle will be stop all the door will be locked then theft will be locked in the car.
DESIGN OF SHAFT-BLADE ASSEMBLY FOR EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF MUD USED IN OIL AND GAS DRILLING
Authors: NAIDU B.SOMI , NAIDU M.K. , RAO S.SRINIVASA
Published: January 2021

Mud has prominent role in drilling operation, it enhances to protect the drilling well from blowout by obstructing the formation pressure and failure. It gives exact information about presence of formation gasses and fluids at every part of the drilled hole. It‘s very essential to maintain mud with different proportions to have proper and un-interrupted drilling process. Because estimating earth formation is of much difficulty and active mud should readily available at every instant. In order to have proper and un-interrupted drilling process and to maintain mud with different proportions mud activating devices viz., mud-agitator and mud gun are used in existing mud tanks. On observation it is found that nearly 33% of mud in the tank is not influenced with these activating devices. Due to which the flow of mud from the tanks to the drill string is not in exact composition and also there is accumulation of mud chemicals[17] at the bottom of the tank which causes several problems. This paper emphasizes the design of shaft-blade assembly which runs horizontally along the length of the tank in order to activate mud in that tank effectively. The shaft-blade assembly was designed and analyzed in the ANSYS and from the results it was found that the stresses in the shaft-blade materials are well within the limits for the proposed design. Economic aspects of the design are also discussed in this paper at the end.
INDIGENOUS CASTOR OIL BIODIESEL AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: S INGLE , M. NANDEDKAR V.
Published: January 2021

Rising petroleum prices, increasing threat to the environment from exhaust emissions and global warming have generated intense international interest in developing alternative non-petroleum fuels for engines. The present work aims to find out the prospects and opportunities of using methyl esters of castor as fuels in an automobile. The suitability of such fuels in transportation vehicles helps in saving foreign exchange and use can be made of locally available resources. Tests were conducted on a four stroke, four cylinder, D.I. diesel engine with Diesel and Biodiesel. The results of the emission tests on smoke meter are compared for 100% castor biodiesel (BC100) with that of neat diesel. No modifications were done on the engine. The results indicate that there is a reduction of 30%-35% in smoke density while using Biodiesel. It can be thus be concluded that methyl esters of castor oil can be used as a substitute for diesel fuel in automobiles.
EFFECT OF SOLUTIONISING TIME ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SQUEEZE CASTED AL 6082 – SICP COMPOSITE
Authors: GANESH R. , AZHAKESH M.S. , BALACHANDRAN C. , CHANDRASEKARAN K.
Published: January 2021

Aluminum matrix composites refer to the class of light weight high performance aluminum centric material systems. The unique tailorability of the composite materials for the specific requirements makes these materials more popular in a variety of applications such as aerospace, automotive (pistons, cylinders, liners, bearings), and structural components, resulting in savings of material and energy. In this project, fabrication of Aluminum MMC by liquid metallurgy route (Squeeze Casting) is discussed in detail. The mechanical properties of 6082 aluminum alloy discontinuously – reinforced with fine particulates of SiCp reinforcement and solutionising time during heat treatment of the composite on hardness, density and impact strength have been evaluated. The cardinal reasons behind the variation in the hardness and impact strength have been discussed.