bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in social brain neural responses in autism: temporal profiles of configural face-processing within data-driven time windows
Authors: Del Bianco Teresa , Lai Meng-Chuan , Mason Luke , Johnson Mark H. , Charman Tony , Loth Eva , Banaschewski Tobias , Buitelaar Jan , Murphy Declan G. M. , Jones Emily J. H. ,   The AIMS-2-TRIALS LEAP Team, Baron-Cohen Simon , Durston Sarah , Persico Antonio , Bölte Sven , Caceres Antonia San Jose , Hayward Hannah , Crawley Daisy , Faulkner Jessica , Sabet Jessica , Ellis Claire , Oakley Bethany , Holt Rosemary , Ambrosino Sara , Bast Nico , Baumeister Sarah , Rausch Annika , Bours Carsten , Cornelissen Ineke , von Rhein Daniel , O’Dwyer Laurence , Tillmann Julian , Ahmad Jumana , Simonoff Emily , Hipp Joerg , Garces Pilar , Ecker Christine , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Tost Heike , Moessnang Carolin , Brandeis Daniel , Beckmann Christian , Acqua Flavio Dell’ , Ruigrok Amber , Bourgeron Thomas
Published: June 2024

Face-processing timing differences may underlie visual social attention differences between autistic and non-autistic people, and males and females. This study investigates the timing of the effects of neurotype and sex on face-processing, and their dependence on age. We analysed EEG data during upright and inverted photographs of faces from 492 participants from the Longitudinal European Autism Project (141 neurotypical males, 76 neurotypical females, 202 autistic males, 73 autistic females; age 6–30 years). We detected timings of sex/diagnosis effects on event-related potential amplitudes at the posterior–temporal channel P8 with Bootstrapped Cluster-based Permutation Analysis and conducted Growth Curve Analysis (GCA) to investigate the timecourse and dependence on age of neural signals. The periods of influence of neurotype and sex overlapped but differed in onset (respectively, 260 and 310 ms post-stimulus), with sex effects lasting longer. GCA revealed a smaller and later amplitude peak in autistic female children compared to non-autistic female children; this difference decreased in adolescence and was not significant in adulthood. No age-dependent neurotype difference was significant in males. These findings indicate that sex and neurotype influence longer latency face processing and implicates cognitive rather than perceptual processing. Sex may have more overarching effects than neurotype on configural face processing.
An ultra high-endurance memristor using back-end-of-line amorphous SiC
Authors: Kapur Omesh , Guo Dongkai , Reynolds Jamie , Newbrook Daniel , Han Yisong , Beanland Richard , Jiang Liudi , de Groot C. H. Kees , Huang Ruomeng
Published: June 2024

Integrating resistive memory or neuromorphic memristors into mainstream silicon technology can be substantially facilitated if the memories are built in the back-end-of-line (BEOL) and stacked directly above the logic circuitries. Here we report a promising memristor employing a plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) bilayer of amorphous SiC/Si as device layer and Cu as an active electrode. Its endurance exceeds one billion cycles with an ON/OFF ratio of ca. two orders of magnitude. Resistance drift is observed in the first 200 million cycles, after which the devices settle with a coefficient of variation of ca. 10% for both the low and high resistance states. Ohmic conduction in the low resistance state is attributed to the formation of Cu conductive filaments inside the bilayer structure, where the nanoscale grain boundaries in the Si layer provide the pre-defined pathway for Cu ion migration. Rupture of the conductive filament leads to current conduction dominated by reverse bias Schottky emission. Multistate switching is achieved by precisely controlling the pulse conditions for potential neuromorphic computing applications. The PECVD deposition method employed here has been frequently used to deposit typical BEOL SiOC low-k interlayer dielectrics. This makes it a unique memristor system with great potential for integration.
Greater inhibition of female rat binge alcohol intake by adrenergic receptor blockers using a novel Two-Shot rat binge drinking model
Authors: De Oliveira Sergio Thatiane , Jane Smith Rebecca , Wean Sarah E. , Engleman Eric A. , Hopf Frederic W.
Published: June 2024

Binge drinking (BD) contributes strongly to the harms of alcohol use disorder. Most rodent models do not result in binge-level blood alcohol concentrations (BACs), and to better understand individual and sex differences in neurobiological mechanisms related to BD, the use of outbred rat strains would be valuable. Here, we developed a novel BD model where after 3+ months of intermittent access to 20% alcohol Wistar rats drank, twice a week, with two 5-min intake (what we called Two-shot) separated by a 10-min break. Our findings showed during Two-Shot that most animals reached ≥ 80 mg% BAC levels (when briefly food-restricted). However, when increasing alcohol concentrations from 20 to 30%, 40%, or 50%, rats titrated to similar intake levels, suggesting rapid sensing of alcohol effects even when front-loading. Two-Shot drinking was reduced in both sexes by naltrexone (1 mg/kg), validating intake suppression by a clinical therapeutic agent for human problem drinking. Further, both propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor antagonist) and prazosin (α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist) reduced female but not male BD at the lower dose. Thus, our results provide a novel model for BD in outbred rats and suggest that female binging is more sensitive to adrenergic modulation than males, perhaps providing a novel sex-related therapy.
Machine learning analysis with population data for prepregnancy and perinatal risk factors for the neurodevelopmental delay of offspring
Authors: Yang Seung-Woo , Lee Kwang-Sig , Heo Ju Sun , Choi Eun-Saem , Kim Kyumin , Lee Sohee , Ahn Ki Hoon
Published: June 2024

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in offspring are associated with a complex combination of pre-and postnatal factors. This study uses machine learning and population data to evaluate the association between prepregnancy or perinatal risk factors and the NDD of offspring. Population-based retrospective cohort data were obtained from Korea National Health Insurance Service claims data for 209,424 singleton offspring and their mothers who gave birth for the first time in 2007. The dependent variables were motor development disorder (MDD), cognitive development disorder (CDD) and combined overall neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) from offspring. Seventeen independent variables from 2002 to 2007 were included. Random forest variable importance and Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) values were calculated to analyze the directions of its associations with the predictors. The random forest with oversampling registered much higher areas under the receiver-operating-characteristic curves than the logistic regression of interaction and non-linearity terms, 79% versus 50% (MDD), 82% versus 52% (CDD) and 74% versus 50% (NDD). Based on random forest variable importance, low socioeconomic status and age at birth were highly ranked. In SHAP values, there was a positive association between NDD and pre- or perinatal outcomes, especially, fetal male sex with growth restriction associated the development of NDD in offspring.
Microfluidic production, stability and loading of synthetic giant unilamellar vesicles
Authors: Ernits Mart , Reinsalu Olavi , Yandrapalli Naresh , Kopanchuk Sergei , Moradpur-Tari Ehsan , Sanka Immanuel , Scheler Ott , Rinken Ago , Kurg Reet , Kyritsakis Andreas , Linko Veikko , Zadin Veronika
Published: June 2024

In advanced drug delivery, versatile liposomal formulations are commonly employed for safer and more accurate therapies. Here we report a method that allows a straightforward production of synthetic monodisperse (~ 100 μm) giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) using a microfluidic system. The stability analysis based on the microscopy imaging showed that at ambient conditions the produced GUVs had a half-life of 61 ± 2 h. However, it was observed that ~ 90% of the calcein dye that was loaded into GUVs was transported into a surrounding medium in 24 h, thus indicating that the GUVs may release these small dye molecules without distinguishable membrane disruption. We further demonstrated the feasibility of our method by loading GUVs with larger and very different cargo objects; small soluble fluorescent proteins and larger magnetic microparticles in a suspension. Compared to previously reported microfluidics-based production techniques, the obtained results indicate that our simplified method could be equally harnessed in creating GUVs with less cost, effort and time, which could further benefit studying closed membrane systems.
Wireless and battery-operatable IoT platform for cost-effective detection of fouling in industrial equipment
Authors: Korsimaa Julius , Weber Martin , Salminen Petteri , Mustonen Joonas , Iablonskyi Denys , Hæggström Edward , Klami Arto , Salmi Ari
Published: June 2024

We present a novel internet of things (IoT) sensing platform that uses helical propagation paths of ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) for structural health monitoring. This wireless sensor network comprises multiple identical sensor units that communicate with a host PC. The units have dedicated hardware to both generate and receive ultrasonic signals, as well as RF signals for use in triggering the sensors. The system was developed for monitoring and sensing pipelines and similar structures in real-time to facilitate interactive sensing. For accurate sensing with a limited number of arbitrarily scattered sensors, we obtain information from all sensor pairs and analyze helical propagation paths in addition to the commonly used shortest paths. UGWs can propagate long distances along the walls of pipelines, and their propagation velocity depends directly on the thickness of the waveguide, and is affected by energy leakage and mass loading. In this paper, we evaluated the network by utilizing it to detect fouling. The network could be adapted for further ultrasonic measurement tasks, e.g., measuring wall thicknesses or monitoring defects with pulse-echo methods.
Musical activity in a subsample of the German National Cohort study
Authors: Menzel Juliane , Kreutz Gunter , Jabusch Hans-Christian , Becher Heiko , Krist Lilian , Keil Thomas , Borngräber Friederike , Schmidt Alexander , Willich Stefan N. , Fernholz Isabel , Weikert Cornelia
Published: June 2024

Musical activities (MA) such as singing, playing instruments, and listening to music may be associated with health benefits. However, evidence from epidemiological studies is still limited. This study aims at describing the relation between MA and both sociodemographic and health-related factors in a cross-sectional approach. A total of 6717 adults (50.3% women, 49.7% men, median age: 51 years (IQR 43–60) were recruited from the study center Berlin-Mitte of the German National Cohort (NAKO), a population-based prospective study. This study is based on a sample randomly selected from the population registry of Berlin, Germany, aged 20 to 69 years. 53% of the participants had been musically active at least once in their life (56.1% women, 43.9% men). Playing keyboard instruments (30%) and singing (21%) were the most frequent MA. Participants listened to music in median 90 min per day (IQR 30.0–150.0). Musically active individuals were more likely to have a higher education, higher alcohol consumption, were less likely to be physically active, and had a lower BMI compared to musically inactive individuals. This large population-based study offers a comprehensive description of demographic, health, and lifestyle characteristics associated with MA. Our findings may aid in assessing long-term health consequences of MA.
The associations between autistic characteristics and microtransaction spending
Authors: Charnock Tegan , Drummond Aaron , Hall Lauren C. , Sauer James D.
Published: June 2024

Microtransactions provide optional, virtual, video game goods that, for an additional cost to the player, provide additional game content and alter the gameplay experience. Loot boxes—a specific form of microtransaction—offer randomised rewards in exchange for payment, and are argued to be structurally and psychologically similar to gambling. Nascent research suggests that a link exists between autism and both problematic gaming and problematic gambling. Here, we investigated the relationships between autistic characteristics and experiences, and excessive video gaming and microtransaction expenditure. A sample of 1178 adults from Australia, Aotearoa, and The United States were recruited from Prolific Academic, and completed a survey measuring in-game expenditure, autistic characteristics and experiences, problematic gaming, problematic gambling, and risky loot box use. Analyses showed positive associations between autistic characteristics and experiences with problematic gaming and problem gambling symptomatology. However, results also showed a small, negative association between autistic characteristics and experiences and spending on loot boxes when problem gambling symptoms, problematic gaming, and risky loot box use were statistically controlled for. These results suggest that autistic gamers may be vulnerable to problematic gaming and gambling, but that this effect does not extend to the purchasing of microtransactions.
Integrated transcriptome and metabolomics analyses revealed key functional genes in Canna indica under Cr stress
Authors: Zhu Sixi , Zhao Wei , Sheng Luying , Yang Xiuqin , Mao Huan , Sun Suxia , Chen Zhongbing
Published: June 2024

Chromium (Cr) can interfere with plant gene expression, change the content of metabolites and affect plant growth. However, the molecular response mechanism of wetland plants at different time sequences under Cr stress has yet to be fully understood. In this study, Canna indica was exposed to 100 mg/kg Cr-contaminated soil for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days and analyzed using untargeted metabolomics (LC–MS) and transcriptomics. The results showed that Cr stress increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD), the contents of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxygen free radical (ROS), and inhibited the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments, thus leading to changes in plant growth and biomass. Metabonomics analysis showed that Cr stress mainly affected 12 metabolic pathways, involving 38 differentially expressed metabolites, including amino acids, phenylpropane, and flavonoids. By transcriptome analysis, a total of 16,247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 7710 up-regulated genes, and 8537 down-regulated genes) were identified, among which, at the early stage of stress (Cr contaminate seven days), C. indica responds to Cr toxicity mainly through galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism. With the extension of stress time, plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signaling pathway in C. indica in the Cr14 (Cr contaminate 14 days) treatment group were significantly affected. Finally, in the late stage of stress (Cr21), C. indica co-defuses Cr toxicity by activating its Glutathione metabolism and Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. In conclusion, this study revealed the molecular response mechanism of C. indica to Cr stress at different times through multi-omics methods.
NNICE: a deep quantile neural network algorithm for expression deconvolution
Authors: Jin Yong Won , Hu Pingzhao , Liu Qian
Published: June 2024

The composition of cell-type is a key indicator of health. Advancements in bulk gene expression data curation, single cell RNA-sequencing technologies, and computational deconvolution approaches offer a new perspective to learn about the composition of different cell types in a quick and affordable way. In this study, we developed a quantile regression and deep learning-based method called Neural Network Immune Contexture Estimator (NNICE) to estimate the cell type abundance and its uncertainty by automatically deconvolving bulk RNA-seq data. The proposed NNICE model was able to successfully recover ground-truth cell type fraction values given unseen bulk mixture gene expression profiles from the same dataset it was trained on. Compared with baseline methods, NNICE achieved better performance on deconvolve both pseudo-bulk gene expressions (Pearson correlation R = 0.9) and real bulk gene expression data (Pearson correlation R = 0.9) across all cell types. In conclusion, NNICE combines statistic inference with deep learning to provide accurate and interpretable cell type deconvolution from bulk gene expression.
Effect of measurement procedure errors on assessing lung fluid via remote dielectric sensing system
Authors: Chen Wei-Ting , Tsai Yi-Ju , Chou Hsiao-Chen , Pu Yi-Chih , Chien Jung-Yien , Huang Chun-Ta
Published: June 2024

The study assessed the impact of procedural errors on the remote dielectric sensing system (ReDS), a non-invasive lung fluid assessment technology, in an Asian cohort. Healthy volunteers underwent ReDS measurements following manufacturer’s instructions, with two consecutive measurements one minute apart. A subset of 20 participants had modified procedure settings. Reliability was measured using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The study included 86 healthy volunteers, and all ReDS measurements fell within the recommended normal range. The intra-rater reliability of ReDS measurements was excellent, with an ICC of 0.968. Among the subset of 20 subjects, deviations in height and weight did not significantly affect ReDS values. However, deviations in chest size by ± 3 cm had a noticeable impact on ReDS measures, and incorrect station selection led to fluctuations in ReDS readings. In conclusion, the ReDS system demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability and applicability in an Asian cohort. Procedural errors, such as chest size measurement and station selection, significantly influenced ReDS measurements. Adherence to standardized operating procedures is crucial to ensure accurate and consistent results. These findings highlight the importance of adherence to manufacturer instructions when utilizing ReDS for lung fluid assessment, thereby enhancing its reliability and clinical applicability.
Membrane depolarization mediates both the inhibition of neural activity and cell-type-differences in response to high-frequency stimulation
Authors: Lee Jae-Ik , Werginz Paul , Kameneva Tatiana , Im Maesoon , Fried Shelley I.
Published: June 2024

Neuromodulation using high frequency (>1 kHz) electric stimulation (HFS) enables preferential activation or inhibition of individual neural types, offering the possibility of more effective treatments across a broad spectrum of neurological diseases. To improve effectiveness, it is important to better understand the mechanisms governing activation and inhibition with HFS so that selectivity can be optimized. In this study, we measure the membrane potential (Vm) and spiking responses of ON and OFF α-sustained retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to a wide range of stimulus frequencies (100–2500 Hz) and amplitudes (10–100 µA). Our findings indicate that HFS induces shifts in Vm, with both the strength and polarity of the shifts dependent on the stimulus conditions. Spiking responses in each cell directly correlate with the shifts in Vm, where strong depolarization leads to spiking suppression. Comparisons between the two cell types reveal that ON cells are more depolarized by a given amplitude of HFS than OFF cells—this sensitivity difference enables the selective targeting. Computational modeling indicates that ion-channel dynamics largely account for the shifts in Vm, suggesting that a better understanding of the differences in ion-channel properties across cell types may improve the selectivity and ultimately, enhance HFS-based neurostimulation strategies.
The clock in growing hyphae and their synchronization in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Cheong Jia Hwei , Qiu Xiao , Liu Yang , Krach Emily , Guo Yinping , Bhusal Shishir , Schüttler Heinz-Bernd , Arnold Jonathan , Mao Leidong
Published: June 2024

Utilizing a microfluidic chip with serpentine channels, we inoculated the chip with an agar plug with Neurospora crassa mycelium and successfully captured individual hyphae in channels. For the first time, we report the presence of an autonomous clock in hyphae. Fluorescence of a mCherry reporter gene driven by a clock-controlled gene-2 promoter (ccg-2p) was measured simultaneously along hyphae every half an hour for at least 6 days. We entrained single hyphae to light over a wide range of day lengths, including 6,12, 24, and 36 h days. Hyphae tracked in individual serpentine channels were highly synchronized (K = 0.60-0.78). Furthermore, hyphae also displayed temperature compensation properties, where the oscillation period was stable over a physiological range of temperatures from 24 °C to 30 °C (Q10 = 1.00-1.10). A Clock Tube Model developed could mimic hyphal growth observed in the serpentine chip and provides a mechanism for the stable banding patterns seen in race tubes at the macroscopic scale and synchronization through molecules riding the growth wave in the device.
Exploring the sequence-function space of microbial fucosidases
Authors: Martínez Gascueña Ana , Wu Haiyang , Wang Rui , Owen C. David , Hernando Pedro J. , Monaco Serena , Penner Matthew , Xing Ke , Le Gall Gwenaelle , Gardner Richard , Ndeh Didier , Urbanowicz Paulina A. , Spencer Daniel I. R. , Walsh Martin , Angulo Jesus , Juge Nathalie
Published: June 2024

Microbial α-l-fucosidases catalyse the hydrolysis of terminal α-l-fucosidic linkages and can perform transglycosylation reactions. Based on sequence identity, α-l-fucosidases are classified in glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families of the carbohydrate-active enzyme database. Here we explored the sequence-function space of GH29 fucosidases. Based on sequence similarity network (SSN) analyses, 15 GH29 α-l-fucosidases were selected for functional characterisation. HPAEC-PAD and LC-FD-MS/MS analyses revealed substrate and linkage specificities for α1,2, α1,3, α1,4 and α1,6 linked fucosylated oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, consistent with their SSN clustering. The structural basis for the substrate specificity of GH29 fucosidase from Bifidobacterium asteroides towards α1,6 linkages and FA2G2 N-glycan was determined by X-ray crystallography and STD NMR. The capacity of GH29 fucosidases to carry out transfucosylation reactions with GlcNAc and 3FN as acceptors was evaluated by TLC combined with ESI–MS and NMR. These experimental data supported the use of SSN to further explore the GH29 sequence-function space through machine-learning models. Our lightweight protein language models could accurately allocate test sequences in their respective SSN clusters and assign 34,258 non-redundant GH29 sequences into SSN clusters. It is expected that the combination of these computational approaches will be used in the future for the identification of novel GHs with desired specificities.
Climate change-resilient snowpack estimation in the Western United States
Authors: Cowherd Marianne , Mital Utkarsh , Rahimi Stefan , Girotto Manuela , Schwartz Andrew , Feldman Daniel
Published: June 2024

In the 21st century, warmer temperatures and changing atmospheric circulation will likely produce unprecedented changes in Western United States snowfall1–3, with impacts on the timing, amount, and spatial patterns of snowpack4–7. The ~900 snow pillow stations are indispensable to water resource management by measuring snow-water equivalent (SWE)8,9in strategic but fixed locations10,11. However, this network may not be impacted by climate change in the same way as the surrounding area12and thus fail to accurately represent unmeasured locations; climate change thereby threatens our ability to measure the effects of climate change on snow. In this work, we show that maintaining the current peak SWE estimation skill is nonetheless possible. We find that explicitly including spatial correlations—either from gridded observations or learned by the model—improves skill at predicting distributed snowpack from sparse observations by 184%. Existing artificial intelligence methods can be useful tools to harness the many available sources of snowpack information to estimate snowpack in a nonstationary climate.
In-line attosecond photoelectron holography for single photon ionization
Authors: Liu Yanhong , Cao Wei , Yao Ling-hui , Pi Liang-Wen , Zhou Yueming , Lu Peixiang
Published: June 2024

A novel method based on single photon ionization can retrieve structural dynamics of dissociating molecules by combining photoelectron holography and an attosecond pulse.
Electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of Np and Pu decorated armchair graphene nanoribbons: a DFT study
Authors: Han Nguyen Thi , Vo K. Dien , Le Manh Tu , Le Ong Kim , Van Dinh Thuy
Published: June 2024

The electronic, magnetic, and optical characteristics of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) decorated with neptunium (Np) and plutonium (Pu) are investigated by using density functional theory.
Cyclodextrin-enhanced photo-induced fluorescence of tau-fluvalinate, molecular modelling of inclusion complexes and determination in natural waters
Authors: Tombé Bodian El Hadji , Faye Coumba , Thiaré Diène Diégane , Diop Ndeye Arame , Diaw Pape Abdoulaye , Delattre François , Coly Atanasse , Giamarchi Philippe
Published: June 2024

Tau-fluvalinate and inclusion example in β-cyclodextrin.
Matrix stiffness influences response to chemo and targeted therapy in brain metastatic breast cancer cells
Authors: Yakati Venu , Shevde Lalita A. , Rao Shreyas S.
Published: June 2024

Our study demonstrates that matrix stiffness influences dormancy-associated therapy response mediated, in part,viathe p38/SGK1 axis in brain metastatic breast cancer cells.
Toward once-monthly insulin therapy via synergy in two pharmacokinetic protractors: Fc-conjugation and fatty acid acylation
Authors: Zaykov Alexander N. , Gelfanov Vasily M. , Tagmose Tina M. , Demozay Damien , Manfè Valentina , Rohlfs Rebecca , Rivir Marita , Perez-Tilve Diego , Finan Brian , DiMarchi Richard D.
Published: June 2024

Pharmacokinetic properties of a peptide hormone are extended via the combination of fatty acid acylation and Fc-conjugation, as shown with double protracted insulin analogs. This approach may be expanded to other peptide- and protein-based therapies.
Enantioselective synthesis of C3-functionalized 2,1-benzothiazine 2,2-dioxides by N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis
Authors: Mroczyńska Karina , Dobrzańska Liliana , Rafiński Zbigniew
Published: June 2024

The direct and highly enantioselective C3-functionalization of the 2,1-benzothiazine 2,2-dioxide skeleton using NHC-catalyzed generation of chiral α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums, showcasing a synthesis pathway with enhanced pharmacological potential.
Cobalt and zinc nanoparticles from pyrolysis of their MOF precursors exhibiting potent organophosphorus hydrolase-mimicking activities
Authors: Zhou Qiongfang , Yan Rongqiu , Zhang Yu , Lei Chenghong
Published: June 2024

Cobalt and zinc nanoparticles from pyrolysis of cobalt-containing ZIF-67 and zinc-containing ZIF-90 exhibited potent organophosphorus hydrolase-mimicking activities for the hydrolysis of organophosphorus compounds.
Fabrication and properties of a Tm3+ doped TbVO4 magneto-optical crystal
Authors: Dou Guangyu , Liu Hu , He Wenyu , Guo Ziqi , Zhu Xianchao
Published: June 2024

The Verdet constants of the TTV crystal at 532, 633 and 1064 nm are 50–250% higher than those of the TGG crystal.
Electron–vibrational renormalization in fullerenes through ab initio and machine learning methods
Authors: García-Risueño Pablo , Armengol Eva , García-Cerdaña Àngel , García-Lastra Juan María , Carrasco-Busturia David
Published: June 2024

We present the study of HOMO, LUMO and gap renormalizations due to zero-point motion of a relatively large number of fullerenes and fullerene derivatives.
An experimental perspective on nanoparticle electrochemistry
Authors: Sedano Varo Esperanza , Tankard Rikke Egeberg , Needham Julius Lucas , Gioria Esteban , Romeggio Filippo , Chorkendorff Ib , Damsgaard Christian Danvad , Kibsgaard Jakob
Published: June 2024

While model studies with small nanoparticles offer a bridge between applied experiments and theoretical calculations, the intricacies of working with well-defined nanoparticles in electrochemistry pose challenges for experimental researchers.
Photovoltaic-enhanced water splitting properties of low-temperature-synthesized BiVO4 photoanode films
Authors: Shi Lei , Zhao Wenyue , Zhang Nan , Wang Zhao , Hua Wenjing , Yang Xiaoxia , Fei Weidong , Zhao Yu
Published: June 2024

A BiVO4 photoanode (120 nm) synthesized at low temperature exhibits a current density of 2.25 mA cm−2 (1.23 V vs. RHE) under AM-1.5G illumination and achieves oxygen evolution reaction without externally supplied voltage.
Gas–liquid tubular continuous-flow Pd-catalysed aminocarbonylation process for scalable synthesis of carboxamides
Authors: Rodrigues Fábio M. S. , Masliy Vitaliy , Hryhoryev Yaroslav , Dias Lucas D. , Carrilho Rui M. B. , Calvete Mário J. F. , Takács Attila , Mikle Gábor , Kollár László , Pereira Mariette M.
Published: June 2024

We report an efficient continuous flow process, integrating a custom-designed gas input control system coupled with a tubular reactor, for Pd-catalysed aminocarbonylation, which leads to the multigram synthesis of biologically relevant carboxamides.
Ag@MUT-16 nanocomposite as a Fenton-like and plasmonic photocatalyst for degradation of Quinoline Yellow under visible light
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Roghayyeh , Akhbari Kamran , Kawata Satoshi
Published: June 2024

A new Co-based MOF with the formula [Co2(DClTPA)2(DABCO)]·(DMF)4 (MUT-16) was synthesized via a solvothermal method. Ag NPs were loaded into/onto MUT-16 by photoreduction to form the Ag@MUT-16 that was utilized for degradation of Quinoline Yellow.
Structural regulation-induced Li-electron disentanglement for stabilized oxygen redox of Li-excess disordered rock-salt cathode materials
Authors: Jiao Sichen , Sun Yujian , Shi Dekai , Zhang Yuanpeng , Wang Xuelong , Liu Jue , Kang Le , Wang Fangwei , Yu Xiqian , Li Hong , Chen Liquan , Huang Xuejie
Published: June 2024

A novel redox mechanism, characterized by the disentangled removal of lithium ions and electrons, has been achieved to stabilize oxygen redox reactions through the regulation of short-range ordering in disordered oxide cathode materials.
Customization nanoscale interfacial solvation structure for low-temperature lithium metal batteries
Authors: Li Nan , Gao Kun , Fan Ke , Ma Li , Li Zihao , He Baoluo , Shen Chao , Ye Qian , Xie Keyu , Huang Haitao
Published: June 2024

We use PMETAC polymer brushes to regulate the nanoscale interfacial solvation structure for stable SEI in different electrolytes and at low service temperatures, supporting industrial scale manufacturing of Ah-level anode-free Li metal pouch cells.
Polypropylene fabric coated with branched polyethyleneimine derivatives for high antiviral activity
Authors: Leblond Lori , Anagri Abdessadk , Fiset Jacques , Borget Marie-Yolande , Bébin Philippe , Dumais Nancy , Vuillaume Pascal Y.
Published: June 2024

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic context, the demand for new materials with antiviral and antibacterial properties has been increasing in recent years following an awareness to help prevent future outbreaks.
Iodonium functionalized polystyrene as non-chemically amplified resists for electron beam and extreme ultraviolet lithography
Authors: Yao Xindi , Lian Peng , Chen Jinping , Zeng Yi , Yu Tianjun , Wang Shuangqing , Guo Xudong , Hu Rui , Tian Peng , Vockenhuber Michaela , Kazazis Dimitrios , Ekinci Yasin , Yang Guoqiang , Li Yi
Published: June 2024

A non-chemically amplified resist (n-CAR) based on iodonium functionalized polystyrene (PSNA0.4) was developed for extreme ultraviolet lithography, achieving 22 nm L/S patterns at a dose of 90.8 mJ cm−2, underscoring its high sensitivity for n-CARs.
Investigation of the transient photo-response and switching window of an Al/indigo/Al device: unveiling negative photoconductivity and the photo-enhanced memory window
Authors: B. Sreelakshmi , Thamankar R.
Published: June 2024

Memristors have redefined the technological horizon by seamlessly intertwining memory storage, data processing and sensing techniques such as light sensing within a single unit.
Correction: Thermosensitive drug-loaded liposomes for photothermal and chemotherapeutic treatment of colon cancer
Authors: Zhou Haihua , Pan Hongyan , Raza Faisal , Zafar Hajra , Ge Yu , Wang Nan , Zheng Ronglei , Zhang Degeng , Yang Minyan
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘Thermosensitive drug-loaded liposomes for photothermal and chemotherapeutic treatment of colon cancer’ by Haihua Zhou et al., Mater. Adv., 2024, 5, 2456–2469, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3MA01060K.
Straightforward electrochemical synthesis of a Co3O4 nanopetal/ZnO nanoplate p–n junction for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Nguyen Khanh Quang , Nguyen Hoang Thai , Bui Thach Khac , Nguyen Tien-Thanh , Pham Viet Van
Published: June 2024

Hydrogen production through photoelectrochemical (PEC) reactions is an innovative and promising approach to producing clean energy.
A photochromic metal–organic framework with a rare 3D self-interpenetrated architecture and an ultrahigh MnO4− sensing ability
Authors: Zhang Jinfang , Yue Yinlong , Tao Xingyu , Zhang Jiarun , Yin Dejing , Zhang Chi
Published: June 2024

Photochromic materials have shown a wide range of applications.
Chemical approaches to probe and engineer AAV vectors
Authors: Pham Quan , Glicksman Jake , Chatterjee Abhishek
Published: June 2024

This review summarizes the significant recent progress in AAV capsid engineering strategies, with a particular focus on chemical modifications in advancing the next generation of AAV-based gene therapies.
Robust Bi-anchoring carbon dot/BiOCl sheet heterojunction photocatalysts toward superior photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wang Han , Zhang Xi , Zhu Hongyu , Xiang Gang
Published: June 2024

Facile fabrication and outstanding photocatalytic performance of Bi-CD/BiOCl sheet heterojunction.
Tracking and recording of intracellular oxygen concentration changes in cell organelles: preparation and function of azide-modified fluorescent probes
Authors: Makanai Hiroki , Kanda Miei , Harada Sae , Nishihara Tatsuya , Tanabe Kazuhito
Published: June 2024

We attempted to design molecular probes that can be activated to show fluorescence under hypoxic conditions and that can move to specific cell organelles for tracking hypoxic environments and changes in oxygen levels.
The influence of the doping concentration and reverse intersystem crossing on the efficiency of tricomponent organic light-emitting diodes with the thermally activated delayed fluorescence exciplex emitter
Authors: Guo Zhenyong , Kou Zhiqi , Xie Xiangqiong , Wang Yanbo , Zhu Xinyu , Jin Qixuan , Wang Chenchen
Published: June 2024

We fabricate a series of fluorescent organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) exciplex emitter in order to improve efficiency through the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process.
5-step algorithm to accelerate the prediction of [Au25(SR)19]z clusters (z = 1−, 0, 1+)
Authors: Tlahuice-Flores A.
Published: June 2024

Prediction of the structure of thiolated gold clusters is time demanding, and new strategies are needed to expedite this process.
A tricycloquinazoline based 2D conjugated metal–organic framework for robust sodium-ion batteries with co-storage of both cations and anions
Authors: Chen Dan , Cheng Linqi , Chen Weiben , Wang Heng-Guo , Cui Fengchao , Chen Long
Published: June 2024

A new bipolar 2D c-MOF: Ni3(HATQ)2 contains both p-type 2,3,7,8,12,13-hexaaminotricycloquinazoline (HATQ) ligands and n-type NiN4 coordination units was demonstrated to exhibit high performance as the cathode material in sodium-ion battery.
Celebrating our 90th Harden Conference Poster Prize winners
Authors: Ollett Lucy
Published: June 2024

The 90th Harden Conference: European Cytoskeletal Forum: BSCB-Biochemical Society 2024 Cell Migration meeting took place at the Edgbaston Park Hotel in Birmingham between 15 and 18 April 2024. Dr Micaela Boiero Sanders and Aleksandra Michrowska were both presented with prizes, kindly sponsored by the Biochemical Journal, for their outstanding poster presentations. Lucy Ollett, Grants and Awards Manager at the Biochemical Society, caught up with them to discover more about their work.
Accounting Management and Optimizing Production Based on Distributed Semantic Recognition
Authors: Guo Ruina , Wang Shu , Wei Guangsen
Published: June 2024

Accounting management and production optimization are vital aspects of enterprise management, serving as indispensable core components in the modern business landscape. However, conventional methods reliant on manual input exhibit drawbacks such as low recognition accuracy and excessive memory consumption. To address these challenges, semantic recognition technology utilizing voice signals has emerged as a pivotal solution across various industries. Building upon this premise, this paper introduces a distributed semantic recognition‐based algorithm for accounting management and production optimization. The proposed algorithm encompasses multiple modules, including a front‐end feature extraction module, a channel transmission module, and a voice quality vector quantization module. Additionally, a semantic recognition module is introduced to process the voice signals and generate prediction results. By leveraging extensive accounting management and production data for learning and analysis, the algorithm automatically uncovers patterns and laws within the data, extracting valuable information. To validate the proposed algorithm, this study utilizes the dataset from the UCI machine learning repository and applies it for analysis and processing. The experimental findings demonstrate that the algorithm introduced in this paper outperforms alternative methods. Specifically, it achieves a notable 9.3% improvement in comprehensive recognition accuracy and reduces memory usage by 34.4%. These results highlight the algorithm’s efficacy in enhancing the understanding and analysis of customer needs, market trends, competitors, and other pertinent information within the realm of commercial applications for companies.
KDGAN: Knowledge distillation‐based model copyright protection for secure and communication‐efficient model publishing
Authors: Xie Bingyi , Xu Honghui , Seo Daehee , Shin DongMyung , Cai Zhipeng
Published: June 2024

Deep learning‐based models have become ubiquitous across a wide range of applications, including computer vision, natural language processing, and robotics. Despite their efficacy, one of the significant challenges associated with deep neural network (DNN) models is the potential risk of copyright leakage due to the inherent vulnerability of the entire model architecture and the communication burden of the large models during publishing. So far, it is still challenging for us to safeguard the intellectual property rights of these DNN models while reducing the communication time during model publishing. To this end, this paper introduces a novel approach using knowledge distillation techniques aimed at training a surrogate model to stand in for the original DNN model. To be specific, a knowledge distillation generative adversarial network (KDGAN) model is proposed to train a student model capable of achieving remarkable performance levels while simultaneously safeguarding the copyright integrity of the original large teacher model and improving communication efficiency during model publishing. Herein, comprehensive experiments are conducted to showcase the efficacy of model copyright protection, communication‐efficient model publishing, and the superiority of the proposed KDGAN model over other copyright protection mechanisms.
CO2 - extraction of glycyrrhizic acid from licorice root: Optimization of extraction conditions using RSM
Authors: Mirzayeva Shoxista , Yuldoshov Laziz , Xodjiyeva Niyozgul
Published: June 2024

Extraction of GA (glycyrrhizic acid) from licorice roots was carried out utilizing SC-CO2 with etilen as a dissolvable. Tests and recreations were assigned utilizing RSM. Licorice root extricate was analyzed by chromatography and AAS. The RSM plan was utilized to optimize the SCE factors and Glycyrrhizic Acid surrender. The most extreme Glycyrrhizic Acid surrender was watched beneath conditions of 10,9 MPa, 90,5 and 49,5 °C, 93 min and a stream of 1,69 and 1,49 ml/min CO2 utilizing RSM, separately. Agreeing to RSM, the R2 and adjusted R2 model are 95,9% and 92,3% individually. The precision of the GA surrender demonstrate is affirmed by triplet tests, giving an normal extraction abdicate of 51,9 ± 1,19 %, individually, for RSM.
Prospects for the crop production development and the government support impact
Authors: Zhichkin Kirill , Anichkina Olga , Zhichkina Lyudmila , Aliev Abdullakhat , Dolgov Konstantin , Ermolenko Roman , Latyshev Yury
Published: June 2024

Crop growing is the main branch of agriculture in the Samara region, forming 73.8% of production. Therefore, from a developmental perspective, it is necessary to identify the most important factors influencing its development. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of government support on the performance of the crop production industry. As part of this, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: - analyze the state of crop production in 2018-2022; - identify the main directions of government support and reveal the degree of influence on the development of crop production; - calculate the effectiveness of individual government support measures for the development of the industry. The significant profitability of crop production, which is the result of countersanctions introduced in 2014, and significant export potential, has led to the fact that the modern system of state support for the industry is a system aimed at financing potential areas of development: the introduction of new technologies, digitalization and automation of production processes, etc. Therefore, despite the decrease in the relative size of state support (PSE) to 1.3%, the industry is experiencing sustainable development. The main source of funding is the federal budget (about 51% of industry funding). Among the most important areas in the period 2018-2024 can be distinguished: land reclamation (2.1 billion rubles), development of crop production (1.8 billion rubles), modernization and technical re-equipment (1.8 billion rubles), insurance (1.2 billion rubles) , purchase of elite seeds (1.0 billion rubles), etc.
Complex water-soluble microelements fertilizer effectiveness on grain yields
Authors: Dolgopolova Natalia , Eremenko Olga
Published: June 2024

Microelement fertilizers (boron, molybdenum, copper, zinc, etc.) play an important role in modern crop production technologies to increase yields and product quality, along with macro fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). Microelements are needed by plants in very small quantities - their content is one thousandth of a percent of the plant mass. However, each of them has a strictly defined function in metabolism and plant nutrition and cannot be replaced by any other element. Microelements are part of a large number of enzymes. Due to redox processes, enzymes regulate plant respiration, under their influence the chlorophyll content increases, photosynthesis improves, assimilative activity of plants increases. Microelements improve plant metabolism, eliminate functional disorders, activate physiological and biochemical processes. Under the action of microelements, the resistance of plants to fungal and bacterial diseases, to sudden changes in temperature and soil moisture, to winter conditions increases. The supply of microelements to plants is determined by the level of their presence in the soil. The purpose of the research - to determine the effectiveness of different types of application (seed treatment, crop treatment) of the complex water-soluble fertilizer with microelements Novofert on winter wheat crops, in the conditions of grey forest soils of the agricultural complex "Rus", Rylsky district, Kursk oblast.
Analysis of grape (Vitis Vinifera) diseases using neural networks
Authors: Rudoy Dmitry , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Odabashyan Mary , Egyan Marina , Rybak Alexander , Gapon Nikolay , Zhdanova Marina , Vershinina Anna , Marchenko Sergey
Published: June 2024

Grape (Vitis Vinifera) diseases cause a decrease in yield and product quality, and have an adverse effect on the growth, condition and resistance of bushes to frost. Some of the most common grape diseases can lead to poor berry quality and reduced yields, which can ultimately impact the income generated. To combat grape diseases, it is necessary to regularly treat plants with special preparations and monitor the condition of the plants throughout the growing season.
Development and research of the effectiveness of using an automated aquaponic system for home cultivation of microgreens
Authors: Chebotarev Daniil , Naumov Ivan
Published: June 2024

In this study, an automated system was developed for the home cultivation of microgreens using aquaponics technology using modern technologies and a review of literary sources. The researcher was convinced that the automation system of the aquafarm is able to significantly simplify human care of the aquarium. Experimentally, the advantage of using this system over the "classic" method of growing microgreens, in terms of the rate of ascent of the stems, was tested. It was also verified that the developed automated system for a home aquapon installation has a positive effect on the biological ecosystem. Monitoring of the main indicators of water quality has shown sufficient effectiveness of this method to neutralize indicators such as nitrates. In the future, this work can become the basis for conducting a large number of experiments for longer periods and monitoring a wide range of water quality indicators and growing large types of seeds.
Distribution of ephemeral species of Fabaceae family in the flora of Fergana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kadirova Khulkaroy
Published: June 2024

The article describes the species belonging to the Fabaceae family and the ephemeral species belonging to the ecological groups found in the flora of the Fergana Valley, their distribution, coordinates, centers of origin, flowering, fruiting, and a comparative analysis of the species. According to the literature analysis, there are 2526 species belonging to 97 families in the Fergana Valley, of which 64% are endemic species of the Fabaceae family, and as a result of field research conducted in 2019-2023, it was found that there are 17 species of ephemerals belonging to 5 genius in the Fergana Valley.