bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INKLING: ONE PREDICTION MARKET PLATFORM PROVIDER’S EXPERIENCE
Authors: Siegel Adam
Published: August 2020

This article presents a prediction market vendor’s experience in providing publicly available and private play-money prediction market services to international corporations and other organizations. We describe why our experiences as IT and management consultants drove us to start the company and give an overview of the successes and pitfalls our clients have encountered during their prediction market trials. We also discuss several lessons learned we share with our clients in the areas of participation, incentives, communications, and appropriate questions to ask and explore why some prediction market pilots fail while others succeed.
“THE EMERGENCE OF PREDICTION MARKETS WITHIN BUSINESS FIRMS: A SKEPTICAL PERSPECTIVE FROM AN INTRIGUED ACADEMIC.”
Authors: Rhode Paul W
Published: August 2020

Learning about the recent emergence of prediction markets within business firms has been fascinating and a bit confusing. As an economist who works on historical political stock markets, I believe this intriguing endeavor will be a road worth traveling but one littered with potholes and rocks at unexpected places.  Perhaps my sense that employing prediction markets within firms will be a jarring experience comes from the impression formed by my first exposure to the idea: where higher-ups at Microsoft created a small-stakes market for the programming team designing internal-company software about whether their project manager’s deadline would be met.  I could readily see why the higher-ups wanted this insider information, but creating such a market seemed entirely at odds with employing hierarchal authority (bosses) or scheduling plans (artificial deadlines) in the first place.  Perhaps this sense that prediction markets and business firms do not naturally coexist comes from my professional training.
IMPROVING THE IDEA SCREENING PROCESS WITHIN ORGANIZATIONS USING PREDICTION MARKETS: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Kamp Gerrit , Koen Peter A
Published: August 2020

Prediction markets have been identified as a valuable mechanism to evaluate and select ideas in the corporate innovation processes, because these markets leverage the collective wisdom of the entire organization. However, initial studies report low prediction accuracies and their usefulness is being challenged. A better theoretical understanding of idea markets is needed. Based on economic theory, experimental economics, and existing prediction market research, we present such a theory for the accuracy of idea markets. The theory is used to explain why current markets may have low prediction accuracy, and also why idea markets have great potential for improving idea screening.
Pari-mutuel Information Aggregation Mechanisms
Authors: McKenzie Jordi , Bullen Jared
Published: August 2020

A number of experimental studies have found that pari-mutuel markets possess the ability to aggregate information privately held by individuals and therefore act as prediction markets.  However, all previous studies have assumed that information is privately and independently distributed. In real world environments the distribution of information is unlikely to take this form. This paper investigates, experimentally, an information structure in which there is both private and public information. It is found that this structure induces a ‘public knowledge bias’ which limits the market’s ability to aggregate information to the extent that the public information reduces the market’s predictive performance.The authors wish to thank Murali Agastya, Andrew Coleman, Pablo Guillen, Stefan Palan, Charles Plott, Kunal Sengupta, and Robert Slonim for useful comments and technical assistance.  We are also extremely grateful to Katarina Kálovcová and Andreas Ortmann for supplying their Ztree program for use in developing our own.
FORECASTING ACCURACY: COMPARING PREDICTION MARKETS AND SURVEYS – AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Reig Robert , Schoder Ramona
Published: August 2020

Prediction markets are viewed as the most accurate instrument for collective forecasts. However, empirical studies, mostly based on political elections, deliver mixed results. An experimental study was conducted to avoid certain biases and problems and to better control conditions of eliciting information from individuals. One typical problem is for example comparing prediction markets that focus on judging the public opinion in the future with polls asking for individual election preferences at a certain point of time. Therefore, our study compared forecast accuracy between prediction markets and a simple survey for the same forecasting item.The results showed roughly the same accuracy for all employed methods with the survey delivering slightly better results at lower costs, which was surprising. The experiments demonstrated also that it is possible to gain highly accurate forecasts with a relatively small number of participants (6-17) taking part continuously.
REAL-MONEY VS. PLAY-MONEY FORECASTING ACCURACY IN ONLINE PREDICTION MARKETS – EMPIRICAL INSIGHTS FROM IPREDICT
Authors: Deimer Sebastian , Poblete Joaquin
Published: August 2020

Prediction markets are online trading platforms where contracts on future events are traded with payoffs being exclusively linked to event occurrence. Scientific research has shown that market prices of such contracts imply high forecasting accuracy through effective information aggregation of dispersed knowledge. This phenomenon is related to incentives for truthful aggregation in the form of real-money or play-money rewards. The question whether real- or play-money incentives enhance higher relative forecast accuracy has been addressed by previous works with diverse findings. The current state of empirical research in his field is subject to two inherent deficiencies. First, inter-market studies suffer from market disparities and differences in the definition of underlying events. Comparisons between two different platforms (one for play-money contracts, one for real-money contracts) are potentially biased by different trading behaviour. Second, the majority of studies are based upon identical datasets of market platforms (IOWA stock exchange, Tradesports/Intrade, NewsFutures).This paper contributes new insights by analysing 44,169 trading observations on ipredict, where real-money and play-money contracts are traded on a variety of events. Forecasting accuracy is analysed on overall trading activity as well as comparison of equal contracts under different monetary incentive schemes. Statistical models are built to analyse the influence of order volumes and days to expiry under both incentive schemes. Ignoring different events in underlying trading activity, play-money contracts imply statistically insignificant excess accuracy. In direct comparison of equal events, real-money contracts, however, real-money contracts predict at significantly higher accuracy. This paper finds a relationship between order volumes and forecasting accuracy whereas the influence of days to expiry and aggregated volumes showed lower R² than was expected by formed hypotheses.
THE EFFICIENCY OF PARI-MUTUEL BETTING IN STANDARDBRED RACING
Authors: Kacapyr Elia
Published: August 2020

This paper investigates stylized facts about pari-mutuel betting. Standardbred racing at The Meadowlands Racetrack on Friday and Saturday nights is analyzed to determine if bettors in this particular venue are efficient. In addition, adages concerning horse racing, such as the favorite wins 33 percent of time, are tested. Finally, a logistic regression is employed to determine if characteristics of a race, such as the amount of the purse, can help determine if the favorite horse is more likely to win the race.
DOES THE CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL REALLY WORK?
Authors: Ben-David Nissim , Ben David Evyatar
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we calculated the average daily return and the Betas of Israeli stocks for the period April 1st 2009 – April 1st 2010. The correlation coefficient between return and Beta is 0.47. Although we find that the econometric relation between return and Beta is statistically significant, it seems that higher Beta in many cases does not represent higher expected return.
DYNAMIC MODELING FORECASTS OF EQUITY PRICE MOVEMENTS IN CASES OF INSIDER TRADING
Authors: Mallios William
Published: August 2020

Case studies examine the extent to which insider trades in financial markets are a reflection of publicly-based forecasts based on (1) candlestick charts and (2) adaptive drift modeling (ADM) of cointegrated time processes depicted in such charts. ADM accommodates both gradual Darwinian-type market drift and punctuated Gould-Eldridge-type drift associated with market volatility. Covariates in ADM may include mosaic variables, currently a main line of defense for those accused of insider trading. Empirical studies suggest varying degrees of uncertainty in distinguishing between legitimate and illegitimate trading in terms of resulting price movements.
BUSINESS CYCLE AND OPTIMAL TIMING FOR INVESTMENT
Authors: Cheng Joseph , Lippitt Jeffery
Published: August 2020

The objective of this paper is to determine which point of the business cycle offers investors the best reward to risk ratio in the stock market.  Expected reward is defined as expected return in excess of the risk free rate, whereas risk is defined as the standard deviation of return.  Thus, the expected reward to risk ratio is measured by expected return in excess of risk free rate relative to the standard deviation of return.  Expected return in excess of the risk free rate and standard deviation of return are generated on a continuum of time periods and the GDP growth rate.  The point where the expected reward to risk ratio peaks, would signify the best time for investment.  Being able to identify this point could help investors in deciding the best time to invest as well as help firms in choosing a favorable time for raising equity capital.  While most people think that the best time to invest is near the bottom, it is not clear whether the best time for investing is before, at, or after the economic trough.  The interesting finding in our model is that the best time is after the point of the economic trough.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF A REVERSE FAVOURITE-LONGSHOT BIAS IN A PREDICTION MARKET
Authors: Borghesi Richard
Published: August 2020

We examine 330,857 trades of prediction market contracts, the values of which are based on against-the-spread outcomes of NFL games, and find the presence of a significant reverse favourite-longshot bias.  Surprisingly, the timing of this bias is identical to that observed in traditional casino-style NFL betting markets.  That is, late-season away favourites so profoundly underperform expectations that the set of all favourites underperforms on average.  Prior research shows that in prediction markets having asset prices ranging from $0 to $100, win rates are below (above) expectations when prices are low (high).  However, we show that observed win rates for contracts on late-season away favourites are below expectations across all prices.  The presence of a strong RFL bias in a prediction market provides evidence against the theories that this bias is caused by line shading or due to the effects of unpredicted weather variables on team performance.
INCENTIVES IN PREDICTION MARKETS
Authors: Wolk Leonard , Peeters Ronald
Published: August 2020

Prediction markets are powerful devices to forecast outcomes of future events. Information from the public domain is gradually absorbed into contract prices that directly translate into likelihoods of future events. The importance of monetary incentives on the aggregation of the traders' beliefs is not yet well understood. By conducting time series analysis on four prediction markets covering the 2008 presidential election in the U.S., we find that the trends for play-money and real-money markets fail to co-move for a substantial portion of the traded contracts, despite of the presence of a market maker who aligns trades between the two markets.
CAN PREDICTION MARKETS MITIGATE PRICE BIASES?
Authors: Borghesi Richard
Published: August 2020

This study examines the pre-game and within-game price movements of contracts listed on Tradesports to determine whether relevant information is quickly and accurately embedded into asset prices.  Each contract represents a totals (over/under) bet on an NFL game.  In traditional casino-style totals betting markets, it has been demonstrated that the effects of adverse weather conditions are not fully incorporated into totals bet prices.  If prediction markets are more efficient that are traditional NFL betting markets, then this price bias should be mitigated.  We find that while price biases disappear quickly after kickoff, prior to this point they remain largely intact suggesting that casino-style markets and prediction markets may have similar informational limitations.
Managing Risk Using Prediction Markets
Authors: Varma Gautam Kumar
Published: August 2020

Prediction markets have emerged fairly recently as a promising forecasting mechanism to handle efficiently the dynamic aggregation of dispersed information among various agents. The interest that this mechanism attracts seems to be increasing at a steady rate, in terms of both business interest and academic work. Applications of predictive markets span the areas of political predictions, sports prediction, Governance to name a few. This paper makes a bold attempt to explore the use of predictive markets for effective risk management process in projects to derive certainty in projects. The key components of prediction markets i.e. the specification of contracts traded in a prediction market, the trading mechanism and finally the incentives provided to ensure information revelation will then be presented. Innovative concept of fusing Predictive Markets for Risk Management will then be outlined. How the probability of Risk Occurrence can be predicted with a greater degree of certainty using the predictive markets and aggregation of wisdom of project stakeholders will be described. Further areas to be explored such as a framework for deployment of Predictive markets in a project context, guidelines for use are then presented. We close with conclusions and area for further investigation. Case Studies complement the paper and the model proposed.
INFORMATION AND PREDICTABILITY: BOOKMAKERS, PREDICTION MARKETS AND TIPSTERS AS FORECASTERS
Authors: Reade James
Published: August 2020

The more information is available, and the more predictable are events, the better forecasts ought to be. In this paper forecasts by bookmakers, prediction markets and tipsters are evaluated for a range of events with varying degrees of predictability and information availability. All three types of forecast represent different structures of information processing and as such would be expected to perform differently. By and large, events that are more predictable, and for which more information is available, do tend to be forecast better.
Exploiting Week 2 Bias in the NFL Betting Markets
Authors: Davis Justin , Fodor Andy , McElfresh Luke , Krieger Kevin
Published: August 2020

Past research has provided evidence of hindsight bias in the NFL wagering market. Too much emphasis is placed on a team’s performance in the previous season when placing bets on NFL games during the first week (Week 1) of the season.  Building on this contribution, our study extends the examination of hindsight bias in NFL gaming markets by focusing on how bettors consider the information provided by Week 1 performance when betting in Week 2.  Our findings suggest multiple market inefficiencies in the NFL gambling market in Week 2, providing the opportunity for profitable betting strategies.
Informed Traders and Balanced Books
Authors: Borghesi Richard
Published: August 2020

We explore sports gambler and bookmaker behavior by examining the pregame price movements of sports contracts listed on the Tradesports betting exchange.  The vast majority of prior gambling studies that examine the price efficiency of bookmaker-style betting markets and the associated informational processing ability of bettors rely on the balanced book assumption.  But, on Tradesports, bet prices are directly observable and therefore we are not required to assume that the point spreads set by bookmakers are a reliable proxy for the market’s dollar-weighted vote on contest outcome.  We find that pregame NBA and NFL contract price movements are reliable predictors of future contract values.  The magnitude of these movements is sufficient to remove the possibility of profit-taking by tipoff/kickoff.  Results are consistent with the notion that in bookmaker-style NBA betting markets there exist informed traders and that lines are set at levels that balance wagers on either side of the bet.  However, NFL bookmakers may allow (or perhaps encourage) imbalanced wagering in order to exploit relatively unskilled NFL bettors.
Forecasting the decisions of the US Supreme Court: lessons from the ‘affordable care act’ judgment
Authors: Vaughan Williams Leighton
Published: August 2020

This paper examines the 2012 US Supreme Court consideration of the Affordable Care Act, and the resulting judgment, with a view to learning what lessons this landmark case can afford us into the way in which the US Supreme Court works, so helping us forecast its decisions. Although this is simply one judgment among many, a case is advanced here that the details of the way that the judgment was made can be used to help arbitrate between conflicting interpretations in the literature as to the way that the US Supreme Court reaches its decisions. It is argued that consideration of this case does provide particular insights which might usefully improve forecasts of future Supreme Court decisions.
SOCIAL MOBILITY
Authors: Lenon Barnaby
Published: August 2020

The article places the issue of Social Mobility at the heart of the debate about education. The suggestion is made that most people want is a decent income and good health and that people do not  necessarily aspire to be better than their parents.

There is the declaration that half the population will always have below-average academic ability and school exam results. In order to overcome the divisions in society revealed by recent political events, all need to feel valued. The argument is advanced that there is need to  get back to a more balanced appreciation of those who perform essential jobs, albeit jobs of the hand or heart rather than academic intellect. There is a need, so Lenon suggests,  to stop talking about social mobility as simply a way of ‘rescuing’ people from working-class backgrounds and place more emphasis on valuing the full range of worthwhile occupations. Arguments about social mobility are too often based on exam results or incomes, not the value to society of different occupations.

It is argued that there is a distortion in the way that social mobility is presented and that by many measures social mobility in the UK is better than most commentators have suggested. The upward mobility of women and almost all ethnic groups since 1970 has been remarkable. Improving education is not enough rather  education helps individuals become socially mobile but does not overall create more mobility. The latter is dependent upon a creation of more middle-class jobs.

The issues around social mobility are presented as being less about education and as being more related to the expansion of the economy.  Increasing infrastructure projects and financial incentives to spread growth outside the south-east of England, allied to a massive expansion of high-quality technical and vocational training for the 50% who do not go to university should be seen as the drivers of social mobility.
DOES ABSENCE MAKE THE HEART GROW FONDER? – STUDENTS PERSPECTIVES OF CURRICULUM, ABSENTEEISM AND THEIR PURSUIT OF THE GOOD LIFE
Authors: Edwards Simon , Parmar Evie
Published: August 2020

In 2015, major revisions were made to the breadth and content of the English national curriculum to ensure the country’s economic success in an emerging technological marketplace. Increasingly punitive sanctions were introduced to safeguard student attendance and subsequent attainment.  Yet student GCSE attainment has remained static since that time and attendance has decreased. The article considers these coinciding trends by presenting a study that explored 40 secondary-school students’ perspectives of their low attendance. Findings evidence their motivation to learn but also their growing disillusionment with curriculum content that is not easily accessible or seen to support a good life, which in turn has impacted their motivation to attend school. Conclusions call for collaborations to be developed between school leaders and students to help make explicit the pathways to a good life that the curriculum claims to support. Collaborations that may also address student absenteeism.
Bilder des Alterns
Authors: Kampmann Sabine
Published: August 2020

Old human bodies are by no means taboo in our visual environment. They are particularly present in photographs and can be found especially in well-known picture formulas from portraits, nudes or representations of stages of life. This new visibility of old age also affects ideas about sexual morality, grandparenthood, generational relationships and courses of life. Sabine Kampmann examines the change in meaning that the images of aging have experienced and shows how photography influences our conceptions of aging. She presents works by Giorgione, Lucas Cranach and Bernardo Strozzi as well as by Nicholas Nixon, Annegret Soltau, Miwa Yanagi, Andres Serrano, Erwin Olaf, Roman Opalka, and Melanie Manchot.
"… eine Art Ausführungsgesetz zur Reichsverfassung selbst"
Authors: Rasper Marius
Published: August 2020

Das Jahr 2019 stand mit Blick auf die Paulskirchenverfassung von 1849, die Weimarer Reichsverfassung von 1919 und das Grundgesetz von 1949 ganz im Zeichen nationaler Verfassungsjubiläen. Doch mit der ersten republikanisch-demokratischen Verfassung auf hessischem Boden feierte jüngst auch eine publizistisch bislang kaum erschlossene Landesverfassung den 100. Jahrestag ihres Inkrafttretens. Das vorliegende Werk beleuchtet die wichtigsten Stationen des Übergangs vom alten Großherzogtum zum Volksstaat Hessen und bietet erstmals eine umfassende Darstellung seiner Verfassung vom 12. Dezember 1919 unter Berücksichtigung der landständischen Konstitution von 1820, der deutschen Zwischenkriegsverfassungen sowie der Hessischen Verfassung von 1946.
Privates Datenschutzrecht
Authors: Bunnenberg Jan Niklas
Published: August 2020

Das Bild von Verbrauchern, die digitale Leistungen mit ihren Daten „bezahlen“, suggeriert eine Preisbildung, die nicht stattfindet. Denn die Datenintensität (also der „Datenpreis“) digitaler Leistungen bleibt für Endnutzer meist im Dunkeln. Dennoch hält die DS-GVO an der Einwilligung als maßgeblicher Verarbeitungsgrundlage für datenintensive Leistungsangebote fest und beschreitet damit einen privatrechtlichen (auf Privatautonomie setzenden) Weg. Eine zeitgemäße – grundrechtssensible – privatrechtliche Perspektive auf das Datenschutzproblem gibt vor diesem Hintergrund wichtige Orientierung für die Dogmatik des Verbraucherdatenschutzes, insbesondere zum Anwendungsbereich der Einwilligung und den Grenzen ihrer vertraglichen Kopplung.
Die Verantwortlichkeit kommunaler Führungskräfte
Authors: Finger Conrad Rudolf
Published: August 2020

Für Führungskräfte einer Kommunalverwaltung kommt der Frage nach der rechtlichen Verantwortlichkeit für ihr alltägliches Handeln eine wachsende Bedeutung zu.

In der Praxis führen die mediale Begleitung der rechtspolitischen Diskussion und die Berichterstattung zu spektakulären Einzelfällen zu einer geschärften Wahrnehmung innerhalb und außerhalb der Verwaltung.
Die Arbeit verschafft kommunalen Führungskräften im ersten Teil einen Überblick über die vielfältigen Varianten ihrer rechtlichen Verantwortlichkeit. Der zweite Teil gibt ihnen einen Leitfaden für integres Führungshandeln an die Hand, um so einen Beitrag für mehr Sicherheit, Mut, Kreativität und Entschlossenheit im täglichen kommunalen Führungshandeln zu leisten sowie Compliance in Kommunen insgesamt zu fördern.

Conrad Rudolf Finger ist Fachbereichsleiter Zentrale Dienste des Landkreises Göttingen.
Führung und Digitalisierung
Authors: Rauch Jürgen
Published: August 2020

Die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf alle gesellschaftlichen Bereiche haben bereits tiefgehende Veränderungen bewirkt und diese Entwicklung wird sich mit hoher Dynamik fortsetzen.
Diese Herausforderungen wirken sich auf alle Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter in der Arbeitswelt aus, wobei alle Bereiche von Behörden oder Wirtschaftsunternehmen betroffen sind.

Aus diesem Grund müssen sich Führungskräfte die Frage stellen, wie sie mit den grundlegenden Veränderungsprozessen vor dem Hintergrund der Digitalisierung umgehen wollen.
Vor diesem Hintergrund erscheint es absehbar, dass die Führungskompetenz von Führungskräften um eine digitale Komponente erweitert werden muss.
In dem Werk wird die Entwicklung eines Führungsverständnisses für den erfolgreichen Umgang mit den Auswirkungen der digitalen Transformation praktikabel strukturiert dargestellt.
Gleichzeitig wird der Versuch unternommen, auch über diese Betrachtungsweise hinaus grundsätzliche Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung in allen Bereichen der Arbeitswelt in die Gesamtbetrachtung einzubeziehen.
Neben polizeilichen Führungskräften können die grundsätzlichen Aussagen in diesem Werk auch von Führungskräften in anderen Bereichen der öffentlichen Verwaltung in die Betrachtung der Auswirkungen der digitalen Veränderungsprozesse einbezogen werden.

Es richtet sich an alle polizeilichen Führungskräfte, kann jedoch darüber hinaus auch bei allen anderen Führungskräften im Bereich der öffentlichen Verwaltung einer nachhaltigen Verwendung dienen.

Jürgen Rauch, Polizeidirektor, Hochschule des Bundes für öffentliche Verwaltung, Fachbereich Bundespolizei.
Das Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetz
Authors: Hemken Tabea
Published: August 2020

Altenpflege: Fachkräftemangel nimmt weiter zu“ oder Studie: Deutscher Arbeitsmarkt auf außereuropäische Zuwanderung angewiesen“. Dies sind nur einige von unzähligen Schlagzeilen, die verdeutlichen, wie schwierig die Situation für Unternehmen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt derzeit ist.

Dabei ist der Erhalt der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der deutschen Wirtschaft, die gerade im internationalen Vergleich von erheblicher Bedeutung ist, von ausreichend qualifiziertem Personal abhängig. Zur Lösung dieser Problematik hat die Bundesregierung am 02.10.2018 einen Beschluss über diverse Eckpunkte zur Fachkräfteeinwanderung aus Drittstaaten gefasst, in denen Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Einwanderung ausländischer Fachkräfte festgehalten werden. Eine Maßnahme ist das Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetz, welches am 20.08.2019 im BGBl. verkündet worden ist. Dieses soll mit den neuen Regelungen "den rechtlichen Rahmen für eine gezielte, an den Bedarfen orientierte Steuerung und Stärkung der Fachkräfteeinwanderung schaff[en]“ .
Die Masterarbeit gibt einen detaillierten Überblick über die wesentlichen rechtlichen Neuerungen des Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetzes und deren positiven und negativen Auswirkungen auf die Vollzugspraxis der kommunalen Ausländerbehörden. Um diese bestmöglich nachvollziehen zu können, wurden die aktuellen Vorschriften des Aufenthaltsgesetzes und der Beschäftigungsverordnung vorgestellt und im weiteren Verlauf in Bezug zu den Neuregelungen des Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetzes gesetzt. Abschließend sollen einige Handlungsempfehlungen dazu dienen, eine praxisnahe und rechtssichere Umsetzung des Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetzes zu erleichtern.

Tabea Hemken arbeitete von 2016 bis 2020 als Stadtoberinspektorin bei der Ausländerbehörde der Stadt Oldenburg. Seit 2020 ist sie MBA in der Fachrichtung Public Management und als Visaentscheiderin beim Auswärtigen Amt tätig.
Arbeitsrecht für ErzieherInnen in 100 Stichworten
Authors: von Langen Tanja
Published: August 2020

Die Nachfrage nach Erzieher*innen und pädagogischen Fachkräften übersteigt aktuell bei Weitem das Angebot auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Wer über die begehrte Qualifikation verfügt, sollte in arbeitsrechtlichen Fragestellungen up-to-date sein, um in Vertragsverhandlungen mit dem Träger einer Einrichtung das Optimale für sich herauszuholen und die Vorteile, die ein solcher Bewerbermarkt bietet, zu nutzen. Schließlich sollten Sie sich nicht unter Wert verkaufen!

In diesem Ratgeber wurden daher die zahllosen Fragen von Erzieher*innen, die die Autorin immer wieder in Aus- und Fortbildung von ihnen hört, gebündelt und leicht fasslich in 100 Stichworten zusammengestellt.
Die 2. Auflage dieses Ratgebers fasst die aktuelle Rechtsprechung zu arbeitsrechtlichen „Dauerbrennern“ wie Teilzeit, Befristung sowie Mutterschutz, Beschäftigungsverbot, Urlaubsanspruch etc. zusammen und gibt einen Überblick über Rechte und Pflichten von Erzieher*innen und pädagogischen Fachkräften im Berufsleben.

Rechtsanwältin Tanja von Langen schreibt seit vielen Jahren für verschiedene renommierte frühpädagogische Fachzeitschriften praxisorientierte Rechtsbeiträge. Sie ist Lehrbeauftragte für Recht und Organisation im Ausbildungsgang zur staatlich anerkannten Erzieherin sowie Dozentin in zahlreichen Aus- und Weiterbildungsseminaren.
Rechtsschutz gegen privatrechtsgestaltende Verwaltungsakte im Regulierungsrecht
Authors: Schaub-Englert Jonathan
Published: August 2020

Der Rechtsschutz gegen privatrechtsgestaltende Verwaltungsakte wie beispielsweise Entgeltgenehmigungen illustriert die rechtlichen Herausforderungen, die sich im Rahmen multipolarer Beziehungsgefüge im Verwaltungsrecht stellen, in anschaulicher Weise. Ursprünglich an der Bürger-Staat-Beziehung Unbeteiligte können in die Position eines Mitadressaten aufrücken. Die damit verbundenen Rechtsschutzfragen müssen innerhalb des geltenden subjektiven Rechtsschutzsystems mit seinem Nukleus des subjektiven öffentlichen Rechts beantwortet werden. Die Arbeit widmet sich diesen Fragen und stellt sie unter Hinzuziehung des Topos des „Funktionswandels der Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit“ in einen größeren dogmatischen Zusammenhang.
Präzisierung der Technikorientierung für die V-Skihaltung im Skispringen auf der Basis
Authors: Kreibich Sascha
Published: August 2020

Im Skispringen beeinflusst die V-Skihaltung maßgeblich die aerodynamische Flugqualität und damit die Sprungweite. Die bisherige Technikorientierung für die V-Skihaltung umfasst in erster Linie nur isolierte Anforderungen an einzelne Parametergrößen wie beispielsweise den V-Öffnungswinkel. Vor diesem Hintergrund befasst sich dieses Buch mit dem komplexen Abhängigkeitsgefüge zwischen den einzelnen Parametern der V-Skihaltung. Auf der Basis von Windkanaluntersuchungen wird die bestehende Technikorientierung auf Realisierbarkeit überprüft und eine Präzisierung der Orientierungswerte vorgenommen, in der die konkreten Zusammenhänge zwischen den einzelnen Parametern der V-Skihaltung Berücksichtigung finden. Aus den gewonnenen Ergebnissen werden praktische Empfehlungen für das Techniktraining im Skispringen abgeleitet.
The Impact of an Educational Program Based on the BASNEF Model on Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors of Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Abedini Sedigheh , Pourjalil Farzaneh , Mohseni Shokrallah
Published: August 2020

Background: Hypertension is an important health problem that can be controlled by self-care. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the impact of an educational program based (BASNEF) model on knowledge and self-care behaviors for hypertensive patients in Bastak, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 180 patients with hypertension who were admitted to health centers of the Bastak city. The participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 90) and control (n = 90) groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had three sections of demographic information, knowledge, and BASNEF constructs. The questionnaires were completed before the intervention and two months after providing the intervention. After the pre-test, an appropriate educational intervention was designed and implemented only among the intervention group. To analyze the data, paired t-test, independent t-test, and chi-square tests were run by SPSS version 19. Results: The mean age of the participants was 50.62 ± 7.549 years. The results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of attitudes, subjective norms, enabling factors, and self-care behaviors in the intervention group pre- and post-intervention (P = 0.001). Besides, it was found that enabling factors (0.311) play a significant role in predicting self-care behaviors. Conclusions: The results of this study support the effectiveness of educational interventions in raising awareness and improving self-care behaviors in patients with hypertension using the BASNEF model. Therefore, with an emphasis on enabling factors, the BASNEF model can be used as a framework to develop educational interventions for self-care.
Crianças nas fábricas: o trabalho infantil na Indústria Têxtil carioca na Primeira República
Authors: Pires Isabelle , Fontes Paulo
Published: August 2020

Nas primeiras décadas do século XX, o trabalho fabril foi uma das atividades em que a mão de obra infantil foi mais requisitada. O labor das crianças foi central para a expansão da indústria têxtil da Capital Federal, o maior ramo industrial daquele período. Neste artigo, pretendemos revisitar esse tema, não apenas fornecendo novos dados sobre a importância do trabalho dos/as menores no processo de produção da indústria têxtil, mas também ressaltando o protagonismo das crianças em movimentos reivindicativos por melhores condições de trabalho e luta por direitos. Além disso, enfatizamos como as tensões entre o poder público e os industriais, bem como as pressões da sociedade civil, em particular do movimento operário (com a participação dos próprios menores) e de regulações internacionais (como a OIT) impactaram e formataram uma legislação sobre os/as menores nas fábricas, em particular nos anos 1920. Ao explorar tal tema na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, o artigo procura lançar pistas analíticas que ampliem o debate historiográfico sobre essa temática ainda bastante concentrado no caso paulistano.Palavras-chave: Trabalho infantil. Rio de Janeiro (RJ) - História - República Velha, 1889-1930.
Mobiliser les méthodes mixtes pour mieux comprendre les parcours de vie des femmes sans enfant
Authors: Turcotte Emmanuelle
Published: August 2020

L’absence d’enfant dans la vie des femmes résulte de l’interaction de multiples facteurs sur les plans familial, scolaire, conjugal et professionnel, entre autres. Cette étude démontre l’apport des méthodes mixtes pour explorer la multidimensionnalité des parcours de vie des femmes sans enfant. Elle mobilise l’analyse séquentielle de données d’enquête (sequence analysis) ainsi que l’analyse qualitative thématique d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès de non-mères québécoises nées entre 1947 et 1956. Cette stratégie méthodologique débouche sur une typologie compréhensive de quatre parcours de vie différents présentant chacun une imbrication particulière des trajectoires scolaire, conjugale et professionnelle.
Ciencia y arte, por la vía 1…
Authors: de Dalmases M. Luisa , Fernàndez-Cuesta Jordi , Martín-Guart Ramon
Published: August 2020

No perdamos este tren: el de la tecnología, el de los datos, el del contenido... Si bien en el ámbito de la comunicación es imprescindible, o al menos altamente recomendable, mantenerse constantemente al corriente de las tendencias que van surgiendo, en el entorno digital esta necesidad se hace más evidente, dada su naturaleza particularmente dinámica y la continua evolución del mismo.
Del aula UOC a la política de Colombia: una experiencia educativa
Authors: Herrera Raquel
Published: August 2020

Hace diez años empecé a ejercer de colaboradora docente de la UOC con la asignatura del grado de Comunicación Estructura de la comunicación. Este 2018, he podido viajar a Colombia gracias a la asignatura. Lo explico en esta publicación.
¡Que no piensen por nosotros! La documentación al servicio de la historia y de la memoria
Authors: Sanz Martos Sandra
Published: August 2020

Seguro que la gran mayoría de la población española hemos participado este verano en alguna tertulia, debate o discusión acalorada sobre el tema de la exhumación del dictador Franco del Valle de los Caídos. Todos los medios han rellenado programas y portadas con este, por otro lado, jugoso tema para la anodina época estival en cuanto a noticias relevantes se refiere. Seguramente, también, gran parte de la ciudadanía que ha conversado sobre este tema, copa de cerveza o taza de café en mano, valora más disponer en su municipio de residencia de un polideportivo que de una biblioteca. ¿Porque, total, para qué sirven las bibliotecas? Y ya no digamos los archivos, las hemerotecas, las videotecas, los centros de documentación. ¿Quién los necesita? ¿Qué importancia tienen en una sociedad donde se modela la opinión pública obviando los hechos objetivos y apelando a las emociones y a las creencias personales? ¿Para qué los necesitamos si toda la información que recibimos es contrastada y veraz? —dicho irónicamente, claro—. Para nada interesan en una sociedad donde se abusa de la posverdad y las fake news. Esas cosas, como mucho, solo entretienen a cuatro periodistas aburridos.
Política, redes y 'fake news': un cóctel explosivo en el espacio público digital
Authors: López-Borrull Alexandre
Published: August 2020

Si hay un entorno que hemos podido comprobar que no hace vacaciones, este es el de los medios sociales. Quizás la gente trata de desconectar del trabajo, pero hacerlo de los medios sociales es mucho más difícil, a menos que se viaje a entornos sin roaming, claro. Todo ello me ha llevado a una serie de reflexiones y preguntas sobre diversos aspectos en torno a los flujos de información en política y a través de las redes.
Motivos para amar la publicidad
Authors: Sivera Sílvia
Published: August 2020

Vaya por delante que también hay motivos para odiar la publicidad. Aquella que nos interrumpe sin aportar valor, la que estereotipa sin asumir consecuencias, la cansina, la irrelevante. La publicidad forma parte de nuestras vidas, pero pensamos que podemos vivir sin ella. ¿Por qué, entonces, se recurre a la publicidad ficticia en muchos videojuegos? ¿Por qué los canales de YouTube de marcas aumentan a diario sus suscriptores? ¿Por qué los usuarios viralizamos contenidos publicitarios de manera espontánea? ¿Por qué…?
Computación cuántica, fractales, encriptación y 'blockchain': en la encrucijada de los mercados financieros
Authors: Cavaller Víctor , García Ricardo
Published: August 2020

En la próxima década, los mercados financieros y la economía mundial asistirán a un escenario crítico resultado de la intersección en el desarrollo de cuatro avances tecnológicos imparables del ámbito de la informática: la computación cuántica, las técnicas fractales, la encriptación y el blockchain. Surgen diferentes cuestiones sobre la interacción entre estos avances que este artículo trata de analizar.
No me toquéis los 'tokens'
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: August 2020

El pasado 28 de septiembre Facebook anunció públicamente que los datos vinculados a las cuentas de cincuenta millones de usuarios habían quedado al descubierto a causa de un ciberataque. Según ha reconocido la propia empresa, los hackers lograron hacerse con los tokens de estos usuarios, es decir, con las autentificaciones que permiten acceder a aplicaciones repetidamente sin necesidad de volver a introducir la contraseña cada vez.
Mònica García: ''La versión original con su subtitulado es la forma más natural de aproximarse a una película''
Authors: Clares Gavilán Judith
Published: August 2020

A principios de octubre asistimos a la 51 edición del SITGES Festival Internacional de Cinema Fantàstic de Catalunya. En esta edición se han invertido cerca de 90.000 € destinados al subtitulado de las películas proyectadas. Marcados por la normativa de la FIAPF, desde el Festival aplican una política de discriminación positiva hacia el subtitulado de los films en catalán.
The transcriptional elongation rate regulates alternative polyadenylation in yeast
Authors: Geisberg Joseph V , Moqtaderi Zarmik , Struhl Kevin
Published: August 2020

Yeast cells undergoing the diauxic response show a striking upstream shift in poly(A) site utilization, with increased use of ORF-proximal poly(A) sites resulting in shorter 3’ mRNA isoforms for most genes. This altered poly(A) pattern is extremely similar to that observed in cells containing Pol II derivatives with slow elongation rates. Conversely, cells containing derivatives with fast elongation rates show a subtle downstream shift in poly(A) sites. Polyadenylation patterns of many genes are sensitive to both fast and slow elongation rates, and a global shift of poly(A) utilization is strongly linked to increased purine content of sequences flanking poly(A) sites. Pol II processivity is impaired in diauxic cells, but strains with reduced processivity and normal Pol II elongation rates have normal polyadenylation profiles. Thus, Pol II elongation speed is important for poly(A) site selection and for regulating poly(A) patterns in response to environmental conditions.
Puromycin reactivity does not accurately localize translation at the subcellular level
Authors: Enam Syed Usman , Zinshteyn Boris , Goldman Daniel H , Cassani Madeline , Livingston Nathan M , Seydoux Geraldine , Green Rachel
Published: August 2020

Puromycin is a tyrosyl-tRNA mimic that blocks translation by labeling and releasing elongating polypeptide chains from translating ribosomes. Puromycin has been used in molecular biology research for decades as a translation inhibitor. The development of puromycin antibodies and derivatized puromycin analogs has enabled the quantification of active translation in bulk and single-cell assays. More recently, in vivo puromycylation assays have become popular tools for localizing translating ribosomes in cells. These assays often use elongation inhibitors to purportedly inhibit the release of puromycin-labeled nascent peptides from ribosomes. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments in various eukaryotic systems, we demonstrate that, even in the presence of elongation inhibitors, puromycylated peptides are released and diffuse away from ribosomes. Puromycylation assays reveal subcellular sites, such as nuclei, where puromycylated peptides accumulate post-release and which do not necessarily coincide with sites of active translation. Our findings urge caution when interpreting puromycylation assays in vivo.
Duodenal Decubitus Ulcer Caused by Percutaneous Endoscopic Transgastric Jejunostomy Tube
Authors: Kang Seokin , Kim Yuri , Na Hee Kyong , Chung Sun Ju , Lee Jeong Hoon
Published: August 2020

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) has substituted surgical gastrostomy for long-term enteral nutrition. Percutaneous endoscopic transgastric jejunostomy (PEG-J) entails placing a feeding tube into the jejunum through PEG. Unlike PEG, PEG-J is associated with complications caused by the jejunal extension tube. Herein, we report a rare complication of PEG-J. A 71-year-old woman who underwent PEG-J for the administration of carbidopa-levodopa, complained of epigastric pain, dyspepsia, and weight loss of more than 10% in 2 months. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a duodenal decubitus ulcer caused by the pressure from the jejunal extension tube. After removal of the PEG-J and a 4-week treatment with a proton pump inhibitor, the ulcer healed and the symptoms resolved.
Ameliorated Ratio Estimator of Population Mean Using New Linear Combination
Authors: Raja T. A. , Maqbool S.
Published: August 2020

We propose a new modified ratio estimator of population mean of the main variable using the linear combination of known values of Co-efficient of Kurtosis and Tri-Mean of the auxiliary variable. Mean Square Error (MSE) and bias of the proposed estimator is calculated and compared with the existing estimator. The comparison is demonstrated numerically which shows that the proposed estimator performs better than the existing estimators.
Assessment of Water Quality Index and Heavy Metal Contents of Underground Water Sources in Doma Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Opaluwa Obaje Daniel , Mohammed Yahaya , Mamman Suwabat , Ogah Ademu Tanko , Ali Danjuma
Published: August 2020

Water quality index and heavy metal contents of underground water sources in Doma Local Government Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria was assessed to ascertain the suitability of the water for domestic purpose. Physicochemical parameters; temperature, turbidity, TDS, TSS, pH, EC, total hardness, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate and sulphates in the water samples were determined using standard methods of analysis. The water quality index (WQI) was also evaluated using known standard method. The heavy metal contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The results of the physicochemical analyses shows that in borehole and hand dug well water, the respective mean values were temperature (27.11±0.45 and 27.41±0.55 °C), turbidity (1.51±0.54 and 2.56±1.04 NTU), TDS (230.00±87.75 and 358.67±91.46 mg/dm3), TSS (3.64±1.25 and 4.17±4.17 mg/dm3), pH (5.63±0.69 and 6.60±0.95), EC 277.16 and 296.29±26.52 µS/cm), total hardness (90.00±15.55 and 125.13±16.33 mg/dm3), alkalinity (8.87±.083 and 9.24±1.08 mg/dm3), chloride (20.59±14.62 and 21.22±10.13 mg/dm3, nitrate (0.024±0.04 and 0.01±0.01 mg/dm3) and sulphates (1.05±0.74 and 2.09±0.45 mg/dm3). It was revealed that all the physicochemical parameters for both borehole and hand dug well water had values that were within the standard permissible values recommended by regulatory bodies, NSDWQ and WHO except for the pH of the borehole water which was not within the recommended range and which showed the water to be slightly acidic and which could attributable to the nature of the host rocks. WQI for borehole and hand dug well water were 29.65 and 27.38 respectively with the implication that both water sources presented good water quality for drinking based on the water quality index and water quality status. The results of the heavy metal analyses shows that in borehole and hand dug well water, the respective mean values were Cd (0.003±0.002 and 0.010±0.002 mg/dm3), Cr (0.187±0.075 and 0.19±0.070 mg/dm3), Cu (0.040±0.010 and 0.804±0.805 mg/dm3), Fe (0.500±0.330 and 0.916±0.543 mg/dm3), Pb (0.010±0.010 and 0.015±0.007 mg/dm3) and Zn (0.290±0.120 and 0.072±0.072 mg/dm3). The results shows that Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn for both borehole and hand dug well water had mean values that were within the standard permissible values recommended by NSDWQ and WHO while Cr and Fe had mean values that were higher and which can be attributed to anthropogenic activities close to the water sources. It is recommended the groundwater in these selected communities be monitored regularly and that there is the need for the water to be treated before use because of those parameters that are off the standards to avoid associated health risks.