bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shaping open, distance and e-learning in post school education and training: A call for a revised agenda
Authors: Aluko Ruth , Krull Greig , Mhlanga Ephraim
Published: March 2022

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought the attention of distance education issues to the fore in a way not seen before. All forms of educational provision and sectors were affected by the pandemic. The aim of this conceptual leading article is to highlight three pertinent issues that need to be taken into account in Open, Distance and e-Learning (ODeL) to ensure the relevance of the Post School Education and Training (PSET) sector in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and beyond. Based on a review of the literature, the article highlights three pillars of successful use of technology to enhance quality in PSET, especially in the wake of the worldwide transition to remote teaching and learning. The revised agenda comprises the questioning of previously held beliefs about learning and teaching; the responsiveness of curricula and ensuring the quality of ODeL offerings. It argues that unless traditional beliefs about teaching and learning are questioned and curricula are streamlined to align with the demands of the knowledge society, the value of PSET may be trivialised in a context that is so rapidly changing. It also argues that sound quality assurance mechanisms should be put in place to ensure sufficient depth in student learning experiences, rigour in assessment processes and confidence in graduates by employers and society at large. Using the theory of Connectivism as a lens, the authors provide a framework with some recommendations for sound ODeL teaching and learning practices that are relevant for the demands of the 4IR and beyond. The framework focuses on five pillars, which are foregrounding a student-centred approach; embracing appropriate technologies to support teaching and learning; strengthening the capacity to support success; ensuring appropriate assessment processes and regular curriculum revision and renewal.
Leveraging academic-industry partnerships for inclusive virtual learning
Authors: Zvavahera Promise , Garwe Evelyn Chiyevo , Pasipanodya Sheppard , Chigora Farai , Katsande Chipo
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused serious disruptions to higher education institutions across the globe, prompting even the ill-prepared ones to embrace virtual teaching and learning approaches. Academic-industry partnerships remain an underutilised and under-researched mutually beneficial way of strengthening organisational performance. This study used the case of Zimbabwe to fill the gap in the literature by exploring the types and extent of cooperation between academic institutions and industry towards inclusive virtual learning in public and private universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used electronic questionnaires and virtual interviews to collect data from a sample of 100 university staff and executives in industry. The findings revealed major challenges concerning infrastructure, facilities, high cost of data and intermittent power cuts. At present, particularly in public universities, academic-industry synergies were focused on internet and data provision. However, no support was made available for infrastructure and related facilities. The study recommended the need for strong academic-industry partnerships towards funding infrastructure and facilities to enhance virtual teaching and learning.
Participatory parity through teaching with Telegram
Authors: Swartz Bronwyn Claudia , Valentine Lucrecia Zinobia , Jaftha Desiree Virginia
Published: March 2022

The COVID19 pandemic thrust emergency remote teaching (ERT) into the global spotlight and thereby undeniably changed aspects of the higher education (HE) landscape. For a developing country such as South Africa (SA), the use of the mobile instant messaging (MIM) application (app) called Telegram represents a practicable solution to overcome historical socio-economic challenges faced by certain demographic groups of limited or restricted access to devices and data. Against this backdrop, a Telegram teaching intervention was developed by two lecturers in the Engineering Faculty at a University of Technology (UoT) in SA to deliver curriculum content and engage with students in a low-tech, low-cost/low-data usage manner, and consequently to widen access to education, promote inclusivity and thereby facilitate student access, retention and success. This study explored student perceptions of the MIM app being used as a primary vehicle to deliver succinct instructional materials and facilitate class activities to offset the lack of faceto-face classes in a multimodal and flexible curriculum delivery approach. Following the completion of the Telegram teaching intervention, a mixed method approach was used that included two online surveys measuring different aspects of the same project (n=34 and n=32) and a focus group interview (n=6). Three research lenses suggested by Fraser (2008) were used to evaluate student perceptions of the usefulness and (dis)advantages of Telegram. These lenses were: (1) redistribution (of resources), (2) recognition (related to social status) and (3) representation (who can act/say/ challenge in an academic environment). Ethical clearance was obtained from Cape Peninsula University of Technology’s Ethics committee. Initial results indicate that using the Telegram app for teaching and learning was successful. Significantly, the app allows for the emergence of a socially just online classroom environment and an inclusive and enabling learning experience for the students during a very disruptive and fearful time in the world’s history.
Investigating TVET college educators’ experiences while transitioning from the traditional classroom to the virtual classroom during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aina Adebunmi Yetunde , Ogegbo Ayodele Abosede
Published: March 2022

The growing utilisation of digital technologies in today’s complex and fast-changing world has taken the reality of education beyond the physical classroom. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced many educational institutions to make hasty and unprecedented decisions as they switched to the virtual classroom. This study explores teachers’ experiences in transitioning from traditional teaching to virtual teaching during and after the COVID-19 college closure. A sample of seven Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) educators was conveniently selected from colleges in an urban area in South Africa using a case study research design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. In this regard, all ethical considerations were adhered to during this study. Three of the educators demonstrated a positive cognitive, affective and behavioural attitude towards transitioning to virtual learning. Six of the educators used WhatsApp and online platforms integrated into their college’s website to communicate during virtual teaching. However, challenges such as lack of support on the integration of technology into their practice, access to connectivity, provision of little or no training on pedagogical practices, unconducive home environment, students’ attitudes in the online space, lack of infrastructure and poor policy guidelines and framework for implementing virtual learning pose a threat to educators’ desires to change and support a transition to virtual learning permanently. Therefore, it is recommended that TVET education providers and managers provide adequate support and training for educators to foster pedagogical practices aimed at enhancing students’ virtual learning.
Alfabetización Estadística del profesorado. Una revisión sistemática de 2010 a 2020
Authors: Avilez Poot Adriana Jaqueline , Zapata González Alfredo
Published: March 2022

Este análisis consiste en una revisión sistemática para conocer el estado de las investigaciones relacionadas con la alfabetización estadística enfocado en el profesorado en los últimos diez años. Para el estudio se revisaron 606 artículos de nueve bases de datos académicas, asimismo, se utilizaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión y se obtuvieron 16 fuentes para el análisis. Entre los resultados, se destaca que ha habido un incremento en las investigaciones enfocadas hacia una evaluación del conocimiento estadístico de los profesores y un desarrollo de la alfabetización estadística. Es importante seguir fomentando investigaciones bajo esta temática pues es deseable que todo docente cuente con una alfabetización estadística para desenvolverse en un mundo globalizado en datos.
Compacto transitividad y su relación con tipos de sensitividad
Authors: León-Torres Irma , Santiago-Santos Alicia
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar al lector una introducción a ciertas clases de sistemas dinámicos. A saber, sensitivos, multi sensitivo, cofinitamente sensitivo, thick sensitivo, sindéticamente sensitivo, thickly sindéticamente sensitivo. Además, presentar un estudio y analizar la relación que existe entre los tipos de sistemas mencionados con anterioridad y los sistemas dinámicos compacto transitivo introducidos en [8].
Producción y evaluación de tareas matemáticas en las herramientas CalcMe y GeoGebra con los futuros docentes de Educación Primaria
Authors: Arnal-Palacián Mónica
Published: March 2022

Este documento describe la experiencia realizada con las aplicaciones educativas y tecnológicas CalcMe y GeoGebra con futuros profesores asistentes al Grado de Educación Primaria, en las asignaturas Matemáticas y su Didáctica II y Matemáticas y su Didáctica III, durante los cursos lectivos 2018-2019 y 2019-2020. La demanda de este alumnado acerca de las soluciones de los ejercicios matemáticos que se les plantean y la necesidad de crear tantos ejercicios como requieran, propicia el uso de nuevas herramientas, en el trabajo autónomo del alumno tanto en el aula como fuera de ella. Cada alumno, tras la formación recibida en el aula, fue capaz de autocorregirse las tareas propuestas por la docente, así como elaborar tantos ejercicios nuevos como necesitase y adaptarlos a su propio aprendizaje. Todo ello potenció las habilidades didácticas del futuro docente.
Volumen de una pirámide recta y oblicua
Authors: González Mendieta Javier , García Nava David
Published: March 2022

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es obtener una fórmula para el volumen de la pirámide oblicua con base poligonal regular y altura h, iniciando el proceso lógico mediante la obtención del volumen de la pir´amide recta, con la misma base y altura. Se empieza por determinar el volumen de la pirámide recta, la cual se basa en la idea de aproximar la pirámide mediante dos torres de prismas, de base poligonal regular y altura h, una interior y otra exterior a la pirámide; esta aproximación permite establecer una expresión algebraica que delimita el volumen de la pirámide para luego, mediante los procesos infinitos, llevarla a una situación límite. Luego, se considera la generalización para obtener el volumen de la pirámide oblicua, por medio de los procesos infinitos de aproximación utilizando torres de prismas interiores y exteriores para llevarlo a la situación límite que determina su volumen. Finalmente, mediante estos resultados se obtiene el volumen de un cono y el cilindro.
KANTOV POJAM PROMENE
Authors: VLAŠKI STANKO
Published: March 2022

U radu se nastoji pokazati da smisao revolucionarnog prevrata koji se u filozofiji dešava s Kantovom kritičkom filozofijom može biti preispitivan i razmatranjem samog Kantovog poimanja promene. Kantova primedba da sâm razum uopšte ne može shvatiti kako je promena moguća, dovodi se u vezu s pojedinim među temeljnim uvidima zapadne metafizike, a konkretno s elejskim poricanjem mogućnosti da se promena misli, odnosno s negiranjem njene zbiljnosti kao takve. Autor želi da pokaže da Kantovi napori da integriše pojam promene u sistem transcendentalnog saznanja struktura subjektivnosti treba da budu tumačeni u svetlu njegovog rada na obelodanjenju uslova mogućnosti sintetičkog apriornog znanja. Promena se pokazuje upravo za živo sadejstvo razuma i čulnosti, pojma i opažaja, i kao to sadejstvo sâmo. Kantov stav da je promena moguća zahvaljujući apriornosti vremena, kojim se ujedno prihvata determinisanost svega budućeg onim prošlim, a shodno tome i nužno važenje zakona kauzaliteta, u završnom delu rada tumači se kao ključ za razumevanje razloga zbog kojih Kant odbacuje mogućnost da se promeni priznaju apsolutna prava. Za Kanta, deterministički shvaćenoj promeni ne priznaje se apsolutni dignitet, i to za dobro onoga u čemu jeste istinsko ljudsko dostojanstvo – moralne slobode. Utoliko, sfera moralne slobode kod Kanta je morala ostati s onu stranu rasprava o biću promene.
ŠILER I APORIJE ISTORIJSKE KARAKTEROLOGIJE
Authors: ATANASKOVIĆ LAZAR
Published: March 2022

Pretpostavka istorijske dinamike određene borbom između tiranije i slobode određujuća je za okvire Šilerove istorijske naracije. Iako Šiler već u predgovoru svom prvom istorijskom delu naglašava značaj ove dinamike, njeni tragovi na stranicama Istorije otcepljenja nisu sasvim očigledni. Tiranija i sloboda su apstraktni pojmovi, ali i pojmovi o kojima Šiler pokušava da ispriča priču. Ovaj rad posvećen je aporijama takve filozofsko-istorijske pripovesti o idejama. Primer na kome će ova aporetika biti demonstrirana je karakterologija dva centralna lika pripovesti o Nizozemskom ustanku: Filipa II i Vilhelma Oranskog. Analiza izgradnje karaktera Šilerovih istorijskih junaka potvrđuje značaj apstraktne pretpostavke o borbi između tiranije i slobode za konkretno izvođenje Šilerove istorijske naracije, ali i ukazuje na aporetiku ovakvog filozofsko-istorijskog poduhvata.
FROJDOV SAN O IRMINOJ INJEKCIJI
Authors: VULEVIĆ GORDANA , MILIĆ MAJA
Published: March 2022

Frojdov San o Irmi, njegovoj pacijentkinji čiji se psihoterapijski tretman završio samo delimičnim uspehom, izložen je na samom početku „Tumačenja snova“ kao potvrda njegove teorije sna kao ispunjenja potisnute želje. Frojd nam, na kraju analize sna, nudi sledeće tumačenje: „San mi je ispunio želju. Nisam kriv za Irminu bolest. Kriv je Oto koji joj je dao injekciju propilena“. Erikson i Lakan će, bez pretenzija da bolje razumeju (interpretiraju) san o Irmi od samog Frojda, nastaviti hermeneutički rad na tekstu sna. I Erikson i Lakan zapažaju sledeće: kako to da se Frojd, tumačeći san o Irmi, zadovoljio prepoznavanjem želje koja bi mogla biti situirana u sistem predsvesnog, ako ne i u sistem svesnog? Drugo, sama fenomenologija sna nas vodi ka tome da pravimo razliku između njegova dva dela: u prvom delu sna Frojdu se otkriva zastrašujuća slika Irminih usta, nešto što je poput Meduzine glave, nešto što se, veli Lakan, ne da imenovati, nešto što predstavlja primitivni objekat par excellence. Očekivalo bi se da takva slika probudi snevača. Ali, Frojd nastavlja da spava i nastavlja da sanja. Taj fenomen (u čemu se slažu i Lakan i Erikson) zahteva tumačenje. Erikson smatra da se Frojd nije probudio usled regresije u službi Ja; Lakan, da se radi o spektralnoj dekompoziciji funkcije Ja.
PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING MENGENAI KONSELING MULTIBUDAYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Umami Dwi Ananda Nur
Published: March 2022

Keanekaragaman budaya yang ada di Indonesia dan dimiliki konseli sangat beragam. Semakin meningkatnya keragaman budaya tersebut menyadarkan Guru BK (konselor) tentang pentingnya kesadaran multikultural dalam menghadapi suatu perbedaan, sekecil apapun perbedaan tersebut. Konselor dituntut untuk memiliki kompetensi-kompetensi atau keterampilan tetentu untuk melaksanakan tugasnya dengan baik. Salah satunya adalah kompetensi multikultural atau kompetensi yang dimiliki konselor secara khusus untuk memahami keanekaragaman budaya klien. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru BK mengenai konseling multibudaya terutama di Indonesia sendiri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif dengan desain studi eksplorasi serta teknik pengumpulan data yaitu menggunakan angket. Hasilnya menunjukkan pengetahuan konselor mengenai konseling multibudaya di Indonesia masih rendah.
Technológiai fejlődés és munkaerőpiac: hogyan hat az automatizáció a munkahelyekre Magyarországon?
Authors: Illéssy Miklós , Huszár Ákos
Published: March 2022

A tanulmány a 2016-os mikrocenzus adatait nemzetközi módszertan szerint elemzi abból a célból, hogy felmérje, az automatizáció terjedése a munkahelyek hány százalékát veszélyezteti. A szerzők szakértői becslések alapján automatizációs veszélyeztetettségi mutatókat rendelnek a különböző foglalkozási csoportokhoz; az eredmények szerint a munkavállalók közel fele (44%-a) dolgozik olyan állásban, amely a következő évtizedekben megszűnhet a digitális technológia fejlődésével és további térnyerésével. Ez az arány az Egyesült Államokban mért értékhez (45%) áll közel, jelentősen alacsonyabb a svédországinál (53%), viszont jóval magasabb a Finnországban (35%) és a Norvégiában (33%) mértnél. Magyarországon a munkavállalók 13 százaléka, csaknem 600 000 fő dolgozik olyan foglalkozásban, amely az alkalmazott módszertan szerint 95 százalékos valószínűséggel szűnhet meg a következő 1-2 évtizedben, a 90 százalék feletti intervallumba tartozók száma pedig meghaladja az 1 milliót, amely csaknem eléri a foglalkoztatottak 25 százalékát.
Currículo e práticas na educação superior no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Nez Egeslaine de , Fernandes Cleoni Maria Barboza , Woicolesco Vanessa Gabrielle
Published: March 2022

O contágio pelo vírus Sars-CoV-2 trouxe consequências para todas as esferas da vida social, e a Educação Superior também precisou responder a emergência sanitária. A velocidade de resposta das Instituições de Educação Superior para a manutenção das atividades acadêmicas neste cenário esteve relacionada às capacidades técnicas, tecnológicas e o domínio do modelo de Educação à Distância e/ou Online já instalado. A discussão sobre a acessibilidade digital e a conectividade também permearam a construção dessas respostas.  Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar as práticas pedagógicas universitárias e a necessidade de reinvenção curricular impostas pela crise mundial da pandemia da COVID-19. A abordagem da investigação é quanti-qualitativa. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e aplicado um questionário semiestruturado online. A amostra é composta por 106 docentes que atuam em Instituições de Educação Superior públicas e privadas brasileiras. Os achados da pesquisa evidenciam que o contexto pandêmico exigiu um modelo pedagógico emergente, denominado de ensino remoto emergencial. Constatou-se que houve o esforço dos professores de se qualificarem para a utilização de tecnologias digitais na mediação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, readequação curricular e das práticas pedagógicas, possibilitando aos estudantes novas experiências de aprendizagem.
Keşkül Üretiminde HACCP Sisteminin Uygulanması
Authors: Onbaşı Elif , Çınar Aycan
Published: March 2022

Süt ürünleri arasında yer alan sütlü tatlılar gelişen teknoloji, toplumun tüketim alışkanlıklarının değişmesi ve buna bağlı olarak hazır tüketimin yaygınlaşmasıyla sanayide üretilen ve marketlerde yerini alan ticari bir ürün grubu olmuştur. Mikrobiyolojik açıdan riskli ürün grubu olarak bilinen sütlü tatlılar için gıda güvenliğinin sağlanması artan talepler karşısında giderek daha da önem kazanmıştır. HACCP (Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points); ürününün hammadde temininden başlayıp son tüketiciye ulaşana kadar gerçekleştirilen tüm üretim basamaklarının sistematik olarak izlenmesi, kontrol altında tutulması ve olası tüm tehlikelerin daha gerçekleşmeden tespit edilerek önlenmesini sağlayan uluslararası bir “risk yönetim” sistemidir. Bu çalışmada; Halk sağlığı üzerinde yaşanabilecek olumsuz etkilerin (gıda zehirlenmeleri, salgınlar vb.) elimine edilmesi ve buna bağlı olarak ekonomik kayıpların yaşanmaması için, Keşkül sütlü tatlısı üretiminde HACCP sistemi kurulmuş; pişirme ve metal dedektör proseslerini içeren 2 adet kritik kontrol noktası (KKN) ve 9 adet operasyonel ön gereksinim (oÖGP) tanımlanmıştır.
Alimentation de précision des truies gestantes : prise en compte de la santé, du comportement et de l’environnement
Authors: DURAND Maëva , DOURMAD Jean-Yves , LARGOUËT Christine , TALLET Céline , GAILLARD Charlotte
Published: March 2022

Une meilleure prise en compte de la variabilité des besoins nutritionnels entre les truies gestantes permet de réduire les coûts alimentaires sans détériorer leurs performances. Les modèles nutritionnels prédisent les besoins journaliers et peuvent être couplés à des automates pour délivrer un mélange individualisé d’aliments. La variabilité des besoins nutritionnels entre truies gestantes peut s’expliquer par certaines caractéristiques individuelles (ex. âge, poids vif, rang de portée, état corporel, stade de gestation), par leur comportement (ex. activité physique, interactions sociales), par leur santé et par les conditions d’élevage (ex. température ambiante, type de logement). Des capteurs sont désormais capables d’enregistrer ces différents facteurs de variation des besoins nutritionnels et d’aider à la détection de troubles occasionnels aux niveaux individuel ou collectif (ex. santé ou dysfonctionnement technique). Grâce aux techniques de l’intelligence artificielle, qui rendent possible l’analyse et l’exploration de données hétérogènes, et à l’intégration de nouveaux critères comportementaux et environnementaux dans les modèles nutritionnels, il est aujourd’hui envisageable de prédire les besoins journaliers nutritionnels d’une truie en gestation de manière encore plus précise, voire en temps réel.
Impacts de la crise de la Covid-19 sur les circuits courts de produits animaux : résultats d’enquêtes en début de pandémie
Authors: CHIFFOLEAU Yuna , ALONSO UGAGLIA Adeline , BRIT Anne-Cécile , DEMONCEAUX Anne , DEHAUDT Laurine , RANOUX Maëlle , AKERMANN Grégori , DEROCHE-LEYDIER Yentl
Published: March 2022

La pandémie de la Covid-19 représente un choc majeur pour les sociétés contemporaines et une source de perturbations importantes pour les systèmes alimentaires. Lors des premiers mois de la crise (mars-octobre 2020), des membres du Réseau Mixte Technologique Alimentation locale se sont associés pour mener trois enquêtes (citoyens, accompagnateurs, producteurs) à l’échelle nationale afin de saisir les impacts de cette crise sur les systèmes alimentaires, en particulier sur les circuits courts. L’article propose une synthèse des données recueillies, en ciblant le cas des circuits courts de produits animaux. Il montre en quoi et à quelles conditions les exploitations d’élevage engagées dans ces modes de vente ont résisté, se sont adaptées et ont innové dans les premiers mois de la pandémie. Il souligne le rôle clé d’actions collectives dans la mise en place de solutions rapides aux problèmes identifiés. Tout en appelant à examiner si ces solutions ont été maintenues par la suite, l’article en tire des pistes d’action pour consolider les circuits courts de produits animaux et les capacités de résistance, d’adaptation et d’innovation des exploitations associées.
Avant-propos : Conséquences de la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19 sur les productions animales
Authors: BAÉZA-CAMPONE Élisabeth , CHATELLIER Vincent , HURTAUD Catherine , FARRUGGIA Anne , BAUMONT René
Published: March 2022

La pandémie de la Covid-19 a affecté tous les secteurs de l’économie, l’agriculture et l’élevage ne faisant pas exception, avec l’enjeu d’assurer le continuum dans la production, la livraison et l’accès aux denrées alimentaires. Ce dossier de la revue INRAE Productions Animales propose un premier bilan des conséquences de la pandémie sur l’économie des productions animales depuis les circuits courts jusqu’aux échanges internationaux.
Fan-shaped Spectrums of Species and Paleopolyploidy for Foundation of Crossbreeding Evolution
Authors: Liu Li-Yuan
Published: March 2022

Although Darwin‘s evolutionary mutation theory has been widely accepted, many endeavors have been tried to challenge it. With more and more observation of successful hybridization and hybrids, the sexual isolation between species has become vague. The mechanism of evolution has been expanded from the classical model of evolution to multiple routes of speciation. Furthermore, a fundamental crossbreeding theory has been raised and proved by two lines of evidences: paleopolyploidy and fan-shaped spectrum of species. Ancient genome duplications are widespread throughout eukaryotic lineages, particularly in plants. The genome polyploidization, especially in the somatic cell hybridization, can break through the sexual incompatibility between diploid counterparts to hybridize and produce new species. By comparing characteristics, all species in every taxon, both in the extinct fossil and extant organisms, can be arranged into fan-shaped spectrum according to their similarity: left primitive type-middle advanced type-right primitive type. The species are primitive at the two ends and advanced at the middle. The primitive two species always resemble two types of more primitive species that can be confirmed as their ancestors respectively, and the middle species is half similar to the two ancestors respectively. These suggest that the species in the spectrum come from two different ancestors by crossbreeding and gene combination. As a sum, advanced species originated from crossbreeding of two primitive ancestors, by major method of polyploidization, and proved by results of fan-shaped spectrum of species. Then, sex is the cause, force and opportunity for evolution.
Evolutionary and Functional Characterization of Cytochrome P450 in Cotton Reveal the Role of Subgenome Expression of GhCYP78A for Cotton Fiber Initiation
Authors: Prasad Priti , Verma Rishi Kumar , Khatoon Uzma , Sawant Samir V. , Bag Sumit K.
Published: March 2022

Cytochrome P450 (CYPs) is a functionally diversified third-largest gene family that exploded in the plant kingdom. Their role in different organ development has been illustrated by the intervention of phytohormone. Cotton is a model organism for cell differentiation and cell elongation. To decipher the participation of CYPs in different cotton fiber developmental stages, we identified and characterized 2460 CYPs in three diploids and two allotetraploid cottons. Furthermore, In-silico expression and cluster analysis of cotton CYPs was conducted to distinguish the fiber stage-specific clusters that have the determining role in different stages of fiber development. The subgenome expression of two conserved Gossypium hirsutum CYPs, namely, GhCYP78A197 and GhCYP78A198 contributed to fiber initiation at an early stage of fiber development, governed by the co-occurrence of TATA and MYB TFs binding sites. Coexpression network partners of these two GhCYP78A annotated as auxin, kinases, chromatin remodeler, epigenetic regulator and cyclin-related genes that possibly induce the endoreduplication and cell proliferation for fiber cell initiation to define the high yield and biomass.
Spring pollinosis in Moscow region between 2001 and 2021. Basics of therapy
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kudryavtseva A.V. ,   I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ksenzova L.D. ,   Institute of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Farber I.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Khachatryan L.G. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

The prevalence of pollinosis reaches as high as 39% in the population with a rare onset of the disease in the first 3 years of life. This can be probably attributed to increased pollination (birch, alder, hazel) in Moscow region and altered flowering rhythm of some trees. For example, there has been a change in the flowering rhythm of birch (the highest pollen level once every three years with a two-year break) since 2012, when the maximum concentration of pollen was observed in Moscow air over more than 10 years of observation (20,643 pollen grains per 1m3) to flowering once every other year. In 2019 it was recorded a 3-year high level of birch pollen at 5700 pollen grains per 1m3. We describe the specific characteristics of pollination of different trees on the basis of data obtained in 2011, the beginning of pollination of alder and hazel, then poplar, then birch and pine. The development of immediate hypersensitivity reactions manifests through respiratory symptoms and frequent oral allergic syndrome because of cross-reactivity with food allergens. This condition requires the administration of systemic antihistamines. The therapy for pollinosis usually includes local antihistamines, hormones, and barrier agents (such as Aqua Maris ectoin, Nasaval spay) that can restore nasal breathing. However, allergen-specific immunotherapy, capable of reducing immune sensitivity to pollen allergens, remains the main option of causal therapy for pollinosis. Key words: pollen, pollinosis, barrier agents, ectoin, antihistamines
Association study of VNTR-polymorphisms of two cytokine genes: antagonist of interleukine 1 receptor (IL1RN) and interleukine 4 (IL4) with dental caries in children with mixed bite
Authors:   Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Udina I.G. , Vasiliev Yu.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Volobuyev V.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Gracheva A.S. ,   Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation,   V.A.Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gulenko O.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

In children with mixed bite from Krasnodarskii krai, investigation of association of VNTR-polymorphisms of two cytokine genes – gene of antagonist of interleukine 1 receptor gene (IL1RN) rs2234663 and interleukine 4 (IL4) rs8179190 with dental caries revealed, that markers studied are associated with highly active form of caries: genotypes with two “long” alleles L/L by IL1RN were found as mediating resistance to highly active form of caries and genotypes A1/A2 P2/P2 and A2/A2 P2/P2 mediating susceptibility. Key words: children, caries, IL1RN (rs2234663), IL4 (rs8179190), VNTR, cytokine genes
Risk-based approach in the epidemiological surveillance at maternity facilities
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shulakova N.I. , Tutelyan A.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kvasova O.A. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sycheva N.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation, Akimkin V.G. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2022

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain one of the most significant healthcare problems. Some foreign authors report that the incidence of HAIs reaches 100–355 cases per 1,000 born-alive infants. Russia has accumulated considerable experience in infectious disease surveillance, including that in maternity facilities. However, the existing difference between the reported and real incidence of purulent septic infections, as well as the lack of reliable information on the frequency of intrauterine infections hinder high-quality epidemiological surveillance. A risk-based approach with systemic epidemiological surveillance is required for timely identification of risk groups and risk factors in hospitals and different units within them in order to develop effective preventive and anti-epidemic measures. The implementation of risk-based approaches will significantly improve the information support of the epidemiological surveillance system through complete and timely reporting of HAIs in maternity facilities and factors associated with HAIs. Identification and monitoring of specific determinants, groups, and factors affecting the epidemic process will ensure high efficiency of nosocomial infection control in parturient women and obstetric hospitals. Key words: healthcare-associated infections, intrauterine infections, incidence, newborns, parturient women, risk-based approach
MANFAAT SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN C PADA KESEHATAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA
Authors: Yanuartono Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Soedarmanto Indarjulianto , Ramandani Dhasia
Published: March 2022

Vitamin C is an important water-soluble vitamin that is needed by every living thing. Domestic animals, including ruminants, were capable of synthesizing ascorbic acid, primarily in the liver, therefore, vitamin C is not considered to be an essential nutrient for healthy ruminants. Nevertheless, in ruminants, vitamin C is important in biochemical reactions involving collagen cross-linking, hydroxylation of proline and lysine, and steroid and bile acid synthesis. However, in fact, Dietary vitamin C is extensively degraded in the rumen. Although ruminants are able to synthesize vitamin C, when ruminants experience stress and suffer from various diseases, vitamin C supplementation from outside is still needed to restore their health condition. Therefore, vitamin C supplements still have great benefits for optimizing their health conditions. This review discusses the effects of vitamin C and its supplementation on the health of ruminants.
KUALITAS FISIK WAFER RANSUM KOMPLIT MELALUI PENAMBAHAN KULIT BUAH KAKAO FERMENTASI YANG DISIMPAN DENGAN JENIS KEMASAN DAN WAKTU YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Affan Amin , Harahap Anwar Efendi , Erwan Edi
Published: March 2022

The use of packaging wafer is one way to protect feed from various factors that can cause a decrease in the quality of the stored feed. Storage aims to maintain and preserve stored commodities by avoiding, eliminating various factors that can reduce the quality and quantity of the commodity. This study uses a completely randomized factorial design (5 x 3) with 3 replications. Factor A is the type of packaging consisting of A0 = without packaging, A1 = packaging bags  of rice, A2 = packaging bags  of plastic, A3 = packaging bags  of papers, A4 = packaging bags of sacks. Factor B is the storage time  B0 = 0 days B1 = 14 days B2 = 28 days. The parameters were the texture, color, aroma, water absorption, density. The results showed that there was an interaction between different types of packaging and storage duration of the texture, color, aroma and density of the complete wafer skin of fermented cocoa pods with different types of packaging and storage time. The type of rice sack packaging with 14 days storage time produces the best physical wafer quality compared to other treatment combinations seen from the texture of water absorption and density
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis to the Bovine Flowable Gelatin Matrix
Authors: Coury Josephine R. , Skaggs Kira F. , Marciano Gerard F. , Pinyavat Teeda , Naseef Mervat , Roye Benjamin D. , Vitale Michael G.
Published: March 2022

Case:

We present 2 cases of life-threatening intraoperative anaphylaxis to the bovine flowable gelatin matrix during pediatric spinal deformity surgery for kyphoscoliosis. Both patients had no known bovine or gelatin allergies. Anaphylaxis occurred shortly after pressurized injection into the first cannulated pedicle tract and was successfully treated with epinephrine, diphenhydramine, and methylprednisolone infusion. The allergic reaction was confirmed with tryptase levels and serum-specific immunoglobulin E for beef, pork, bovine collagen, and porcine collagen.

Conclusion:

In patients with beef, pork, or gelatin intolerance, a significant atopic history or childhood vaccine reaction, preoperative allergy consultation, and testing should be performed to prevent this life-threatening complication.
Local Application of Vancomycin in Orthopaedic Surgery—A Review
Authors: Nelson Jessica A. , Maez Devin A. , Kump Jordan , Trombley Mindy A. , Decker Michael M. , Richter Dustin L.
Published: March 2022

The aim of this review was to report on the use of local application of vancomycin in various realms of orthopaedic surgery, discuss limitations on current studies, and identify potential areas for future research. Vancomycin powder has been used effectively and extensively to prevent surgical site infection in spine surgery, leading to an increased use in other orthopaedic subspecialties. Vancomycin soaking is an emerging technique used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction to presoak grafts before implantation. The potential effect to surrounding structures that result from using high localized concentrations of vancomycin is an area of the literature that may be beneficial to further understand. Given the increasing use of locally applied vancomycin, it is essential to understand the spectrum of benefits and safety and continue to analyze the results of emerging studies to guide the future safe practice of surgeons. It is also important to consider population-level effects, such as antimicrobial resistance, that may be associated with more frequent use of vancomycin. Our review concluded that the current literature is limited to mainly retrospective or observational studies, and it would be beneficial to conduct more randomized control trials and prospective studies.
Et s'il y avait une grève dans les foyers ? Étude sur l’impact du travail de soins non rémunéré sur les femmes vivant en Tunisie : accès au travail, autonomisation économique et bien-être
Authors: Bouguerra Zohra , Tirado Neus , Nejma Ahmed Ben , Dridi Maleke , Galand Soufia , Baraket Sarah
Published: March 2022

Le travail de soin non rémunéré désigne toutes les activités qualifiées de travaux reproductifs ou domestiques au sein des foyers sur une base non marchande. Bien que ce travail est essentiel pour l’équilibre de la société et l’épanouissement de la famille et le développement économique des pays, les normes sociales patriarcales d’un côté et les politiques sexistes de l’Etat d’un autre coté rendent ce travail sous-estimé, invisible et non reconnu. L’étude élaborée par Oxfam en Tunisie en partenariat avec AFTURD, montre que les femmes passent entre 8 et 12 heures par jour dans le travail de soin non rémunéré (dépendamment de leur âge, leur situation familiale et économique, et leur lieu de résidence), contre 45 minutes en moyenne pour les hommes. Les causes et conséquences de cette répartition inégale sont nombreuses et interreliées. En tenant compte des résultats de la recherche, et afin d’autonomiser les femmes et améliorer leurs bien-être, Oxfam recommande de : reconnaitre la travail de soins non rémunéré en tant que travail, de réduire le fardeau qu’il constitue, de redistribuer plus équitablement les responsabilités associées entre les hommes et les femmes, au sein des ménages, et entre les ménages, l’État et le secteur privé, et de garantir la représentation des personnes prenant en charge les activités de soins dans les postes de prise de décision et de leadership.
Health Inequality of Left-behind Children in Rural Regions: Evidence from China
Authors: Fan Qiuyan , Guan Peizhong , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Wang Jian
Published: March 2022

Background: In China, large-scale population movement and increased childcare costs have brought about a "care crisis" for rural children left-behind when their parents migrate to cities. The unprecedented scale of internal population migration poses multiple challenges to the health of left-behind children in rural areas. Rural left-behind children are currently experiencing insufficient caregiving capacity of intergenerational guardians; the impact of serious parental absences; inadequate nutritional and dietary support and healthy behaviours; limited health service utilization; and abnormally high levels of poor mental health.Purpose: Using 2016 China Family Panel Studies’ micro-data two issues were explored: What is the current status of health inequality in rural left-behind children, including the degree of health inequality and differences in health inequalities of left-behind children in different regions and different age groups; and, second, what are the socioeconomic factors (income deprivation, access to medical services, migrating parents) and inter-generational care arrangements that impacted the health inequality of left-behind children? Method: The health indicators of left-behind children were measured by the concentration index (CI), and the contribution of each socio-economic variable to health inequality was decomposed through the RIF-I-OLS model.Results: The health inequality of left-behind children in rural areas was pro-rich. Left-behind children under 5 years of age had the highest health inequality in all regions; the availability of medical services had a significant negative impact on the health inequality of left-behind children in rural areas, especially in the western provinces; income deprivation had a significant positive effect on the health inequality of left-behind children in rural areas, most notably in the eastern provinces; migrant parents had a negative, and intergenerational caregivers a positive, impact on the health inequality of left-behind children; and left-behind children in the western provinces suffered the largest negative impact on their health. Finally, left-behind children experienced relative health inequality due to their sex, education level and health endowments. Policy recommendations are advanced to address issues of health inequalities in rural left-behind children.
A Potential Prognosis and Immune Biomarker in Cancer: DICER1
Authors: Bao Lewen , You Xia , Ge Minghui , He Qianru , Sun Tingting , Qi Chuang , Li Lifeng , Wang Yongpeng
Published: March 2022

Background: DICER1 plays a significantly important role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing that is deeply embedded in the network of cancer genes. Aberrant expression and mutation of DICER1 have been studied and reported to be closely associated with tumorigenesis and development, while lower levels of DICER1 mRNA or protein are associated with poorer prognosis in some cancers. However, there is little research about the effect and mechanism of mutated DICER1. Materials and Methods: In our study, DICER1 mutation in the TCGA database from the top 10 cancers were analyzed to explore the effect of DICER1 mutants in cancer prognosis and the possible potential mechanisms. Results: We found that DICER1 mutation was closely related to better clinical outcomes in pan-cancer and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) treatment, which meant that DICER1 could be served as a prognosis factor for pan-cancer, especially UCEC. And mechanism research indicated that DICER1-mut facilitated antitumor immunity, which could be the potential mechanism for DICER1-mut prognosis value. Moreover, tumor microenvironment (TME) features and higher TMB of DICER1-mut manifested that DICER1 may be a potential biomarker of immunotherapy, which needed more clinical and basic research to validate.Conclusions: In summary, our finding suggested that DICER1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and was associated with TME in UCEC. In addition, it might be a marker of immunotherapy.
TP53 signature score predicts prognosis and immune response in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Onishi Mai , Yamaguchi Shigeo , Wen Xuan , Han Min , Kido Hidenori , Aruga Tomoyuki , Horiguchi Shin-ichiro , Kato Shunsuke
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered a heterogeneous population and achieving a pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an only prognostic factor. Previously, the TP53 signature (TP53sig)-score, an expression profile of 33 genes, is reportedly predictive of the prognosis of all types of early-stage breast cancer. Herein, we analyzed whether the TP53sig-score can be subclassified in detail with only a TNBC cohort and investigated the molecular biological characteristics of the higher TP53sig-score.
Methods
Publicly available data from TCGA(RNA-sequence) and METABRIC (microarray) and real clinical specimens’ s expression data (NanoString Technologies) were used to explore the prognosis and molecular features of TNBC.
Results
The high TP53sig-score group in the present study and the cohort in METABRIC tended to have a worse prognosis than the low TP53sig-score group (p=0.583 and 0.196, respectively). In both the pCR and non-pCR groups, the high TP53sig-score patients tended to have a poor prognosis (p=0.0739). Moreover, when the NAC response and TP53sig-score were combined, the five-year breast cancer-free rate among the four groups differed significantly (p=0.043). In addition, high TP53sig-score was related to gene ontology terms, such as “cell differentiation” and “innate immune response. Notably, this group had the potential to respond favorably to immunotherapy according to the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion model.
Conclusion
Combining the response to NAC and the TP53sig-score in triple-negative breast cancer was able to predict an unfavorable prognosis. Further, patients with a high TP53sig-score showed a favorable feature associated with immunotherapy
Orthopaedic injuries in trauma patients, A nationwide register study including 37266 patients
Authors: Holtenius Jonas , Berg Hans E , Enocson Anders
Published: March 2022

Purpose Trauma causes over 4 million annual deaths globally and accounts for over 10 % of the global burden of disease. Trauma patients often sustain multiple injuries in multiple organ systems. This study aims to investigate the incidence of orthopaedic injuries in adult trauma patients.MethodsThe study was a register-based study using data from the national Swedish trauma register – SweTrau. The inclusion criteria for the register are all patients with a trauma that activated the trauma team at the admitting hospital, or patients admitted without trauma team activation but with NISS (New Injury Severity Score) >15. By categorizing Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) codes into different orthopaedic injury types, we provided a detailed description of what types of orthopaedic injuries that occurred in trauma patients.ResultsA total of 37266 patients were included in the study. A total of 15246 (40%) patients had sustained any orthopaedic injury, and 7733 (51%) patients had more than one orthopaedic injury. Spine injuries were the most common type of injury affecting 19% (n= 7083) of all trauma patients, followed by injuries of the upper extremities (n=6273, 17%) and lower extremities (n=5943, 16%). Fractures were the domination type of orthopaedic injury (n=30755, 87%). Traffic injury was the most common injury mechanism with almost half (n= 18112, 49%) of the patients being admitted after some sort of traffic related incidentConclusionOrthopaedic injuries are common in trauma and occur in 40% of trauma patients. Slightly more than half of the patients with orthopaedic injury had ≥2 orthopaedic injuries.