bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Encoding information in the mutual coherence of spatially separated light beams
Authors: Nardi Alfonso , Divitt Shawn , Rossi Massimiliano , Tebbenjohanns Felix , Militaru Andrei , Frimmer Martin , Novotny Lukas
Published: August 2022

Coherence has been used as a resource for optical communications since its earliest days. It is widely used for the multiplexing of data, but not for the encoding of data. Here we introduce a coding scheme, which we call mutual coherence coding, to encode information in the mutual coherence of spatially separated light beams. We describe its implementation and analyze its performance by deriving the relevant figures of merit (signal-to-noise ratio, maximum bit-rate, and spectral efficiency) with respect to the number of transmitted beams. Mutual coherence coding yields a quadratic scaling of the number of transmitted signals with the number of employed light beams, which might have benefits for cryptography and data security.
ZERODUR: a glass-ceramic material enabling optical technologies [Invited]
Authors: Mitra Ina
Published: August 2022

The key-feature of ZERODUR as a glass-ceramic material which enables various optical technologies is the nearest-zero expansion. This unique property is based on the thermal expansion characteristic of a negative expansion phase consisting of nano-sized crystals, which turns the class of lithium aluminosilicate (LAS)-glass-ceramics to a state-of-the-art transparent nanomaterial. Some insight is given in the origin and design of this key-property as well as the resulting fit to the requests of various optical technology devices ranging back from 1960s up today without limits insight.
Lensless imaging through thin scattering layers under broadband illumination
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Bingjian , Wu Tengfei , Xu Feihu , Shao Xiaopeng
Published: August 2022

Lensless scattering imaging is a prospective approach to microscopy in which a high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed from one or more measured speckle patterns, thus providing a solution in situations where the use of imaging optics is not possible. However, current lensless scattering imaging methods are typically limited by the need for a light source with a narrowband spectrum. Here, we propose two general approaches that enable single-shot lensless scattering imaging under broadband illumination in both noninvasive [without point spread function (PSF) calibration] and invasive (with PSF calibration) modes. The first noninvasive approach is based on a numerical refinement of the broadband pattern in the cepstrum incorporated with a modified phase retrieval strategy. The latter invasive approach is correlation inspired and generalized within a computational optimization framework. Both approaches are experimentally verified using visible radiation with a full-width-at-half-maximum bandwidth as wide as 280 nm (

Δ
λ
/
λ
=
44.8
%

) and a speckle contrast ratio as low as 0.0823. Because of its generality and ease of implementation, we expect this method to find widespread applications in ultrafast science, passive sensing, and biomedical applications.
The role of family planning counselling during maternal and child health services in postpartum modern contraceptive uptake in Ethiopia: A national longitudinal study
Authors: Mruts Kalayu Brhane , Tessema Gizachew A. , Gebremedhin Amanuel Tesfay , Scott Jane A. , Pereira Gavin
Published: August 2022

Family planning counselling can help improve the postpartum modern contraceptive uptake. However, studies in Ethiopia indicate inconsistent effects of integrated family planning counselling on postpartum modern contraceptive uptake. This study aimed to determine the extent of family planning counselling and its role in improving postpartum contraceptive uptake among women in Ethiopia. We used the Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA) Ethiopia panel survey data, a community-based prospective cohort study. Randomly selected pregnant women were recruited at the baseline interview and followed by six weeks and six months postpartum. A weighted generalised linear model fitted with a Poisson distribution and a log link function was used to estimate the adjusted relative risk (aRR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of modern contraceptive uptake. The coverages of family planning counselling provision during ANC, prior to discharge and child immunisation were 20%, 27% and 23%, respectively. The modern contraceptive uptakes by six weeks and six months postpartum were 18% and 36%, respectively. Family planning counselling prior to discharge from the facility was associated with increased modern contraceptive uptake by six weeks (aRR 1.25; 95% CI 0.94, 1.65) and six months postpartum periods (aRR 1.07; 95% CI 0.90, 1.27). Moreover, women who received family planning counselling during child immunisation were 35% more likely to use modern contraceptives by six months postpartum (aRR 1.35;95% CI 1.12, 1.62). However, counselling during ANC visits was not associated with modern contraceptive uptake by either six weeks or six months postpartum. A significant proportion of women had missed the opportunity, and the postpartum modern contraceptive uptake was low. Despite these, family planning counselling prior to discharge from the facility and during child immunisation improved the postpartum modern contraceptive uptake. However, our finding revealed insufficient evidence that family planning counselling during ANC is associated with postpartum modern contraceptive uptake.
Perception of canine rabies among pupils under 15 years in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Al-Mustapha Ahmad Ibrahim , Bamidele Folashade O. , Abubakar Ahmed Tijani , Ibrahim Ahmed , Oyewo Muftau , Abdulrahim Ibrahim , Yakub Jimoh Muhammad , Olanrewaju Idris A. , Elelu Nusirat , Gibson Andy , Mazeri Stella , Bolajoko Muhammad Bashir
Published: August 2022

Rabies is an endemic, highly fatal, and vaccine-preventable disease with severe socio-economic implications. Most (99%) human rabies cases are transmitted through dog bites. Children under 15 years account for 40% of all dog bite victims and 35–50% of all rabies deaths. Rabies awareness among this vulnerable group is critical to rabies prevention. However, there is a paucity of data on rabies awareness among pupils under 15. Hence, this study assessed the awareness and attitude of pupils under 15 years towards canine rabies in Kwara state in Nigeria. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey of 1,388 pupils across the state using a structured questionnaire that was administered as a one-on-one interview using the Open Data Kit on Android phones in December 2019. Of the 1388 pupils included in this study, only 21.7% (n = 301) of them were aware of rabies. The mean rabies score was 1.7±0.8 and only 29.2% (n = 88/301) of the pupils had adequate knowledge of canine rabies. The dog ownership rate was 18.7% (n = 259) with an average of 1.93 dogs per household. Approximately 5% (n = 66) of the pupils have been previously bitten by a dog. One-third of the dog bite victims (35%, n = 23/66) were managed and treated at home and only 12% (n = 8/66) were treated in a health facility. The result of the multivariable logistic regression showed that students aged between 13–15 years were more likely (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 0.72–3.01; p < 0.001) to have adequate knowledge of rabies than the younger pupils. Similarly, pupils that have dogs in their households (OR: 2.09; 95%CI: 1.49–2.75; p < 0.001) and those that reside in Kwara South (OR:1.78 95% CI:1.29, 2.44; p < 0.001) were more likely to be aware and have adequate knowledge of canine rabies respectively. Finally, Pupils from non-dog-owning households were more likely (OR:2.2; 95% CI: 1.45, 4.42; p < 0.001) to have been bitten by dogs than those from dog-owning households. The awareness and attitude of pupils under 15 to canine rabies was poor. We advocate the introduction of rabies lessons into the school curriculum in Kwara State to reduce the incidence of dog bites and prevent dog-mediated human rabies.
Dividing attention during the Timed Up and Go enhances associations of several subtask performances with MCI and cognition
Authors: Poole Victoria N. , Dawe Robert J. , Lamar Melissa , Esterman Michael , Barnes Lisa , Leurgans Sue E. , Bennett David A. , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. , Buchman Aron S.
Published: August 2022

We tested the hypothesis that dividing attention would strengthen the ability to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and specific cognitive abilities from Timed Up and Go (TUG) performance in the community setting. While wearing a belt-worn sensor, 757 dementia-free older adults completed TUG during two conditions, with and without a concurrent verbal serial subtraction task. We segmented TUG into its four subtasks (i.e., walking, turning, and two postural transitions), and extracted 18 measures that were summarized into nine validated sensor metrics. Participants also underwent a detailed cognitive assessment during the same visit. We then employed a series of regression models to determine the combinations of subtask sensor metrics most strongly associated with MCI and specific cognitive abilities for each condition. We also compared subtask performances with and without dividing attention to determine whether the costs of divided attention were associated with cognition. While slower TUG walking and turning were associated with higher odds of MCI under normal conditions, these and other subtask associations became more strongly linked to MCI when TUG was performed under divided attention. Walking and turns were also most strongly associated with executive function and attention, particularly under divided attention. These differential associations with cognition were mirrored by performance costs. However, since several TUG subtasks were more strongly associated with MCI and cognitive abilities when performed under divided attention, future work is needed to determine how instrumented dual-task TUG testing can more accurately estimate risk for late-life cognitive impairment in older adults.
socialh: An R package for determining the social hierarchy of animals using data from individual electronic bins
Authors: Valente Júlia de Paula Soares , Deniz Matheus , de Sousa Karolini Tenffen , Mercadante Maria Eugênia Zerlotti , Dias Laila Talarico
Published: August 2022

Cattle have a complex social organization, with negative (agonistic) and positive (affiliative) interactions that affect access to environmental resources. Thus, the social behaviour has a major impact on animal production, and it is an important factor to improve the farm animal welfare. The use of data from electronic bins to determine social competition has already been validated; however, the studies used non-free software or did not make the code available. With data from electronic bins is possible to identify when one animal takes the place of another animal, i.e. a replacement occurs, at the feeders or drinkers. However, there is no package for the R environment to detect competitive replacements from electronic bins data. Our general approach consisted in creating a user-friendly R package for social behaviour analysis. The workflow of the socialh package comprises several steps that can be used sequentially or separately, allowing data input from electronic systems, or obtained from the animals’ observation. We provide an overview of all functions of the socialh package and demonstrate how this package can be applied using data from electronic feed bins of beef cattle. The socialh package provides support for researchers to determine the social hierarchy of gregarious animals through the synthesis of agonistic interactions (or replacement) in a friendly, versatile, and open-access system, thus contributing to scientific research.
Are there lane advantages in track and field?
Authors: Munro David
Published: August 2022

Shorter distance events in track and field are replete with folk tales about which lane assignments on the track are advantageous. Estimating the causal effect of lane assignments on race times is a difficult task as lane assignments are typically non-random. To estimate these effects I exploit a random assignment rule for the first round of races in short distance events. Using twenty years of data from the IAAF world athletic championships and U20 world championships, there is no evidence of lane advantages in the 100m. Contrary to popular belief, the data suggest that outside lanes in the 200m and 400m produce faster race times. In the 800m, which is unique in having a lane break, there is some weak evidence that outside lanes producer slower race times, possibly reflecting the advantage of inside lanes having an established position on the track at the lane break. Given that these results do not support common convictions on lane advantages, they also serve as an interesting case study on false beliefs.
The role of information communication technologies as a moderator of knowledge creation and knowledge sharing in improving the quality of healthcare services
Authors: Colnar Simon , Radević Ivan , Martinović Nikola , Lojpur Anđelko , Dimovski Vlado
Published: August 2022

This study examines the role of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and information communication technologies, which are organizational factors that influence the quality of healthcare services. In today’s knowledge-intensive environment, understanding and gaining in-depth knowledge on how to improve the quality of healthcare services is gaining in importance and recognition. Quantitative data collected in 2019 with 151 respondents employed in healthcare organizations was used. Running a series of hierarchical linear regression models, we found a significant positive relationship between knowledge creation and quality of healthcare services, and a significant positive relationship between knowledge sharing and quality of healthcare services. Empirical data additionally provides support for information communication technologies that act as a moderator both in the relationship between knowledge creation and knowledge sharing with quality of healthcare services. With our data, we provide empirical backing for the impact of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and information communication technologies on the quality of healthcare services that are provided by Montenegrin healthcare organizations. Our paper offers theoretical and practical implications derived from our research study.
Knowledge and attitude on sexually transmitted infections and contraceptive use among university students in Bhutan
Authors: Dorji Thinley , Wangmo Karma , Tshering Dendup , Tashi Ugyen , Wangdi Kinley
Published: August 2022

Objectives

The unmet needs of contraception can lead to unintended pregnancy and transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the contraception use, knowledge, and attitude on STI among students under Royan University of Bhutan (RUB).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed in Google forms and the link was shared through the college WeChat groups. The questionnaire consisted of four parts on socio-demographic, sexual behaviour and contraceptive use, knowledge, and attitude on STIs. All the students under RUB were invited to participate voluntarily in this study. The socio-demography was presented in frequency and proportion.

Result

A total of 1,283 students participated in this survey and 55.0% (701) were females. Of this, 29.4% (377) were sexually active and 94.4% reported using modern contraception. Commonly used contraceptives were: condoms (83.8%, 316) and emergency contraceptives (20.6%, 78), respectively. The mean knowledge and attitude scores on STI were 9.94 (range 2–20) and 12 (range 2–14), respectively. Good knowledge and attitude on STI were reported in 53.2% (683) and 70.1% (899) of participants.

Conclusion

Students reported average knowledge and a good attitude towards STI. Contraceptive use among university students was low. There is a need to strengthen health education on STIs in schools and universities. All forms of contraceptives especially condoms should be made easily available to sexually active people.
Streptococcal autolysin promotes dysfunction of swine tracheal epithelium by interacting with vimentin
Authors: Meng Yu , Wang Qing , Ma Zhe , Li Weiyi , Niu Kai , Zhu Ting , Lin Huixing , Lu Chengping , Fan Hongjie
Published: August 2022

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is a major zoonotic pathogen resulting in manifestations as pneumonia and septic shock. The upper respiratory tract is typically thought to be the main colonization and entry site of SS2 in pigs, but the mechanism through which it penetrates the respiratory barrier is still unclear. In this study, a mutant with low invasive potential to swine tracheal epithelial cells (STECs) was screened from the TnYLB-1 transposon insertion mutant library of SS2, and the interrupted gene was identified as autolysin (atl). Compared to wild-type (WT) SS2, Δatl mutant exhibited lower ability to penetrate the tracheal epithelial barrier in a mouse model. Purified Atl also enhanced SS2 translocation across STEC monolayers in Transwell inserts. Furthermore, Atl redistributed the tight junctions (TJs) in STECs through myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) signaling, which led to increased barrier permeability. Using mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), pull-down, bacterial two-hybrid and saturation binding experiments, we showed that Atl binds directly to vimentin. CRISPR/Cas9-targeted deletion of vimentin in STECs (VIM KO STECs) abrogated the capacity of SS2 to translocate across the monolayers, SS2-induced phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chain (MLC) and MLCK transcription, indicating that vimentin is indispensable for MLCK activation. Consistently, vimentin null mice were protected from SS2 infection and exhibited reduced tracheal and lung injury. Thus, MLCK-mediated epithelial barrier opening caused by the Atl-vimentin interaction is found to be likely the key mechanism by which SS2 penetrates the tracheal epithelium.
Road Extraction from Cartosat-2F Multispectral Data with Object-Oriented Analysis
Authors: Leena Chumbitha , Saxena Manoj Raj , Dwivedi Ravi Shankar
Published: August 2022

For detection of a road network, high-resolution satellite data have been used following the object-oriented classification approach. We used object-based feature extraction algorithms for detection of road networks from a high resolution Cartosat-2F multispectral data in an Indian
city with varying terrain conditions ranging from a compact built-up area to a predominantly vegetated area. The approach involves multi-resolution segmentation (MRS ) and spectral difference segmentation (SDS ) followed by road extraction using fuzzy rule-based algorithm based on various
object features, viz. gray-level co-occurrence matrix homogeneity, density, rectangular fit, etc. With overall accuracies ranging from 77.46% to 92% SDS approach performed better than MRS which could afford 60.46% to 75.0% only. However, both of these approaches score over the classical Gaussian
maximum likelihood classifier which could register only 50.0% to 68.0% overall accuracy. Furthermore, the maximum overall accuracy was obtained in compact built-up site (85% to 92%) followed by sparsely built-up site (75.0% to 88%) and predominantly vegetated site (60.46% to 77.14%).
Digital Surface Model Refinement Based on Projected Images
Authors: Wang Jiali , Chen Yannan
Published: August 2022

Currently, the practical solution to remove the errors and artifacts in the digital surface models (DSM ) through stereo images is still manual or semiautomatic editing those affected patches. Although some degrees of semiautomation can be gained, the DSM refinement remains a labor
consuming and expensive process. This paper proposes a new method to correct errors in DSM or/and refine an existing coarse DSM. The method employs the concept of projected images together with some image matching techniques to correct/ refine the affected regions in DSM. Since projected images
are used, the proposed method can greatly simplify the complicated coordinate transformations and pixel resampling; therefore, the errors/artifacts in DSM can be amended more efficiently and accurately. Several experiments demonstrate the practical usefulness of the proposed method under some
scenarios, and some potential improvements are also pointed out to accommodate the various needs during refining DSM.
Remote Sensing for Ecosystem Services and Urban Sustainability
Authors: Trinder John C.
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how geospatial technologies, especially remote sensing, can play a leading role in defining urban sustainability based on the evaluation of demand and supply of ecosystem services (ES ). A brief review of sustainable development and urban
sustainability will be given followed by demonstrations of the need for green spaces in cities, and the consequences of fragmentation of green spaces on biodiversity. Although there are no substantive figures for desirable levels of green spaces in urban areas for the benefit of inhabitants,
the paper proposes minimum desirable areal percentages. The paper defines natural capital and ES and the procedures adopted by researchers in balancing the supply and demand for ES for urban areas. The genuine progress indicator is presented as a measure of assessing human welfare, but it
is not pursued as an indicator of sustainability. Examples of the applications of remote sensing technologies for determining supply and demand of ES are reviewed as are the potential of the supply and demand of ES to support decision-making in urban areas, to ensure that development decisions
are sustainable and are in the best interests of the urban residents who depend on ES for their life support.
Noção de causalidade no pensamento de Aristóteles
Authors: Siqueira Paulo Vitor Pinho de
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Neste artigo, nosso objetivo é expor a doutrina das quatro causas de Aristóteles de um modo geral, isto é, de uma perspectiva abrangente, tanto para aquele que já se debruçou sobre o assunto quanto para aquele que nunca o estudou. Começaremos abordando a importância e o conceito de causa em Aristóteles, onde explicitaremos algumas noções preliminares e importantes da aitiologia aristotélica. Em seguida, exporemos todos os quatro tipos de causa, a saber, as causas que posteriormente ficaram conhecidas como material, formal, eficiente e final. Por fim, analisaremos os modos de causa - os quais são, muitas das vezes, ignorados - elucidando alguns pontos e distinções importantes.
Palavras-chave: Conhecimento; Causalidade; Material; Formal; Eficiente; Final.
 
Notion of causality in Aristotle's thought
Abstract: In this article, our goal is to show the four causes doctrine of Aristotle in a general way, that is, from a comprehensive perspective, for both the person that already has studied the subject and for the person that never studied. We’ll start by adressing the importance and the concept of cause in Aristotle’s thinking, where we’ll show some preliminar and important notions of the aristotelic aitiology. Then we’ll expose all four types of cause, namely, the causes that later became known as material, formal, efficient and final. Finally, we’ll examine the ways of cause, which are often ignored, elucidating some important points and distinctions.
Keywords: Knowledge; Causality; Material; Formal; Efficient; Final.
 
Data de registro: 20/08/2021
Data de aceite: 18/03/2022
Distinção de razão e o princípio de separabilidade em David Hume
Authors: Martins Fonseca Vitória Elís
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Este trabalho consiste em uma análise mais aprofundada da seção 1.1.7[1] do Tratado da Natureza Humana de David Hume, a fim de analisar a teoria das ideias abstratas e propor que, para nós, ela se trata de uma teoria nominalista baseada em mecanismos associativos. Também é nosso objetivo apresentar e explicar o conceito de distinção de razão, o qual surge para explicar como seria possível distinguir ideias que não são separáveis, ou seja, ideias simples. No entanto, esse conceito vem acompanhado de um princípio – o de separabilidade – que pode implicar em uma incongruência, dado que esse princípio tem como função distinguir, diferenciar e separar ideias. Além disso, vamos também analisar uma possível aproximação do conceito de distinção de razão com a atividade de abstração comumente defendida por outros filósofos, a fim de saber se Hume está caracterizando a distinção de razão como uma forma de manifestação das ideias abstratas ou não.
Palavras chave: Ideias abstratas; Distinção de razão; Princípio de separabilidade; Semelhança; David Hume.
The Distinction of Reason and the Separability Principle in David Hume
Abstract: This paper consists of a deeper analysis of section 1.1.7 of David Hume's Treatise of Human Nature, in order to analyze the theory of abstract ideas and propose that, for us, it is a nominalist theory based on associative mechanisms. It is also our goal to present and explain the concept of distinction of reason, which arises to explain how it would be possible to distinguish ideas that are not separable, that is, simple ideas. However, this concept comes accompanied by a principle - that of separability - which may imply an incongruence, given that this principle has the function of distinguishing, differentiating and separating ideas. Furthermore, we will also analyze a possible approximation of the concept of distinction of reason with the activity of abstraction commonly advocated by other philosophers, in order to know whether Hume is characterizing the distinction of reason as a form of manifestation of abstract ideas or not.
Keywords: Abstract ideas; Distinction of reason; Separability principle; Resemblance; David Hume.
[1] A partir de agora o Tratado da natureza humana, de David Hume, passará a ser citado pela referência padrão da obra na edição Norton e Norton, com os números designando respectivamente Livro, Parte, Seção e Parágrafo.
Data de registro: 20/12/2021
Data de aceite: 06/05/2022
DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATION PROCESS MAP AND ANALYSIS OF INVENTORY CONTROL BASED ON MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING IN ASSEMBLY LINE
Authors: Pratiwi Annisa Indah , Hakim Afif , Santosa Ragil Yuli
Published: August 2022

Production planning and control is a theory which discusses all the activities that take place in a production process which includes product planning, costs, production processes, scheduling, forecasting demand and many other products. Planning the amount of inventory that will be owned company is one of the problems often faced by companies. Especially when the inventory is one important factor that can support the company's production processes and help meet customer demand. For companies that have strategies make to stock, inventory can have a major impact on the pricing of the product or the company's finances. Appropriate inventory management can be one of the keys to minimize and optimize the company's costs to be incurred. Determination lot size in MRP is a complex and difficult problem. Lot size is defined as a quantity stated in the order acceptance and delivery of orders in the MRP. Decisions about the size of the lot and when production is very important because it involves the use of labor and equipment are economical. Based on observations there are 13 components which are arranged in the trolley assembly process and are divided into 4 work stations in the production process. After making a map process operations per each work station, the cycle time for 1800 seconds is obtained. Based on data analysis about inventory costs for each component, it can be seen that the calculation using the EOQ method is the method that produces the calculation results with the largest value of Rp. 111,000,500, - then for the L4L and POQ methods produce the calculation results that have the same value of Rp. 16,200,000. Then the decision taken is to choose the L4L method because with this technique can produce exactly how many raw materials needed.
LAYOUT PLANNING FLOOR PRODUCTION BREAD FACTORY USING SYSTEMATIC LAYOUT PLANNING METHODS
Authors: Yusuf Cipto Ramdhani
Published: August 2022

Tight competition in the food industry especially bread does not shrink the sales of bread produced by CV. Anni Bakery, but there are some problems that arise at this time, the limited production floor which is increasingly narrow due to increased production without adjusting existing capacity and the irregular placement of production floor facilities. The background is used as a reference for the company to create a new factory. The purpose of this study is to propose the layout of production floor facilities with the right facility layout so that the cost of transferring materials is small. The systematic layout planning (SLP) approach was used. The result performance of the 1st proposal layout obtained material handling distance of 405 meters while in the 2nd proposal layout the material handling distance becomes 386 meters. The cost of moving the proposed material to 1 obtained a total cost of 22,644,300 rupiah per month, while in the second material transfer fee the total cost of 21,993,825 rupiah per month. Based on the alternative initial layout and the proposed layout, the most suitable layout is the second proposal layout.. So this facility layout plan is feasible for new factory to create.
Analysis of Boeing Aircraft’s Fuel Consumption B737-800 NG for Yogyakarta-Singapore-Jakarta Route
Authors: Ishak Suar , Kusrini Elisa
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn one trip, the flight route can be seen in terms of weight, cargo, and the price of fuel needed as a very important aspect. Fuel prices that are high enough can have an impact on operational costs that were incurred by an airline. The purpose of this study was to avoid re-fueling at the re-fueling stations that cost more than the original station. This study used the fuel tankering method, and also focused on the Garuda Indonesia flight B737-800 NG airline with Jogyakarta-Singapore-Jakarta route and alternative airports at Pekanbaru and Surabaya. From the results of the data that was obtained and the analysis the result of this study was by refueling using the fuel tankering method was more profitable than normal way of re-fueling. However, there were aspects that need to be considered in the route using this method including temperature, altitude, flight distance and fuel prices that were differrent at each airport.Keywords: Route, Fuel Price, fuel tankering method.
Alternative for Indoor Occupancy Estimation Based on Image Processing on an Embedded System
Authors: Castellano Carvajal Diego Andrés , Niño Rondón Carlos Vicente , Medina Delgado Byron , Castro Casadiego Sergio Alexander , Guevara Ibarra Dinael
Published: August 2022

La estimación de ocupación en espacios interiores es un proceso que contribuye a mantener estándares de calidad en las zonas, y que, al día de hoy, sirve como referencia para identificar posibles focos de contagio de enfermedades respiratorias infecciosas. Este artículo presenta una herramienta para la estimación de ocupación en espacios interiores con notificación mediante el Protocolo Simple de Transferencia de Correo SMTP usando una placa embebida Raspberry Pi. El sistema se presenta como alternativa a los sistemas convencionales de estimación de ocupación midiendo los niveles de CO2 en la zona. El método se basa en procesamiento de imágenes aplicando la técnica de sustracción de fondo mediante lenguaje de programación Python. Inicialmente, se caracteriza la zona donde se prueba el sistema, y se aplican etapas de preprocesamiento, filtrados y umbralización, además de notificación vía correo electrónico por SMTP. El sistema desarrollado se compara con un sistema de medición de CO2 aplicando una matriz de priorización comparando factores como el tiempo de detección, tasa de aciertos y costos de implementación. El método propuesto presentó mejor rendimiento en la totalidad de los parámetros de comparación, con una priorización de 87.972 %. Basar el sistema en herramientas de software de código abierto y herramientas de hardware de alto nivel y bajo costo permite replicar e implementar el sistema a gran escala en ambientes controlados.
Functionalized Alkaline Lignin for Removal of Lead in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Dahnum Deliana , Agustian Egi , Triwahyuni Eka , Kristiani Anis , Maryana Roni , Sudiyani Yanni
Published: August 2022

Lignin, the second most abundant natural polymeric globally, is considered the source of the renewable aromatic compound. It serves as an alternative feedstock for the elaboration of chemicals and polymers. However, even until now, it is still primarily used as a low-value fuel for boilers. In the current research, alkaline lignin was modified and used as an adsorbent for removing lead (Pb) in an aqueous solution. The functionalized alkaline lignin (FAL) was prepared by a Mannich reaction with formaldehyde and dimethylamine, followed by esterification of carbon disulfide. The FAL was characterized using CHN elemental analysis, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) to observe the changes in composition, morphology, and chemical structure. The analysis revealed that alkaline lignin was successfully modified using amine and carbon disulfide. The adsorption study shows that the lead concentration reduced to 93.7% after 2 hours in contact with FAL. The FAL adsorption capacity could obtain 0.44 mmol/g of lead.
Термин «левое искусство» в художественной жизни России первой трети XX в
Authors: Крусанов Андрей Васильевич
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматривается история бытования терминов «левое искусство» и «левые в искусстве» в художественной жизни России первой трети ХХ века, их проникновение в литературно-художественный дискурс из дискурса политического, использование их художественной критикой, а также различными художественными группировками, изменение семантики терминов в процессе художественной эволюции и вытеснение обратно в политическую область. Отказ художественных критиков от использования термина «левый» для классификации художников был обусловлен ликвидацией всех исторически сложившихся в русском искусстве группировок и созданием единой государственной организации с обязательным для всех ее членов творческим методом «социалистического реализма».
Regularity and inverse theorems for uniformity norms on compact abelian groups and nilmanifolds
Authors: Candela Pablo , Szegedy Balázs
Published: August 2022

We prove a general form of the regularity theorem for uniformity norms,
and deduce an inverse theorem for these norms which holds for a class of compact nilspaces including all compact abelian groups, and also nilmanifolds; in particular we thus obtain the first non-abelian versions of such theorems. We derive these results from a general structure theorem for cubic couplings, thereby unifying these results with the Host–Kra Ergodic Structure Theorem. A unification of this kind had been propounded as a conceptual prospect by Host and Kra. Our work also provides new results on nilspaces. In particular, we obtain a new stability result for nilspace morphisms. We also strengthen a result of Gutman, Manners and Varjú, by proving that a k-step compact nilspace of finite rank is a toral nilspace (in particular, a connected nilmanifold) if and only if its k-dimensional cube set is connected. We also prove that if a morphism from a cyclic group of prime order into a compact finite-rank nilspace is sufficiently balanced (i.e. equidistributed in a certain quantitative and multidimensional sense), then the nilspace is toral. As an application of this, we obtain a new proof of a refinement of the Green–Tao–Ziegler inverse theorem.
Rational endomorphisms of codimension one holomorphic foliations
Authors: Lo Bianco Federico , Pereira Jorge Vitório , Rousseau Erwan , Touzet Frédéric
Published: August 2022

We study dominant rational maps preserving singular holomorphic codimension one foliations on projective manifolds and that exhibit non-trivial transverse dynamics.
Local linear approach: Conditional density estimate for functional and censored data
Authors: Benkhaled Abdelkader , Madani Fethi
Published: August 2022

Let

Y

Y

be a random real response, which is subject to right censoring by another random variable

C

C

. In this paper, we study the nonparametric local linear estimation of the conditional density of a scalar response variable and when the covariable takes values in a semi-metric space. Our main aim is to prove under some regularity conditions both the pointwise and the uniform almost-sure consistencies with convergence rates of the conditional density estimator related by this estimation procedure.
Elasto-plastic material model of oak at two moisture content levels
Authors: Tippner Jan , Milch Jaromír , Sebera Václav , Brabec Martin
Published: August 2022

The mechanical properties of wood show a very high dependence on the moisture content (MC). A consideration of MC in numerical simulations increases the applicability of such prediction with respect to application and moisture states of the wood material. The goal of this work is to develop an accurate orthotropic elasto-plastic model for oak wood (Quercus robur L.) at two different MC levels applicable for finite element analysis (FEA). To achieve this goal, the following steps were carried out: (a) in-house standard specimens tests in compression, tension, and shear and in all three orthogonal directions, followed by three-point bending, where all specimens were conditioned to a 12 and 25.6% MC, prior to the mechanical test; (b) integration of all obtained material characteristics into the consistent numerical material models; (c) validation of the developed material models by comparing the numerically predicted values with the experimental ones; and (d) iterative calibration of the material models by adjusting the individual material characteristics to minimize error using a reference. Material models were successfully developed with the following mean relative errors: 5.2% for 12% MC and 5.8% for 25.6% MC, respectively. Both numerical material models consistently predicted the oak elasto-plastic response that can be easily integrated into any FEA.
Simulation of transient and spatial structure of the
radiative flux produced by multiple recombinations of excitons
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K. , Sapozhnikov Viacheslav
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study the multiple recombination exciton–photon–exciton process governed by a coupled
system of the drift-diffusion-recombination equation and the integral radiative transfer equation.
We develop a random walk on spheres algorithm for solving this system of equations.
The algorithm directly simulates the transient drift-diffusion process of exciton’s motion. Then, at a random time the exciton recombines to a photon that moves in accordance with the radiative transfer equation, which in turn may recombine to an exciton etc. This algorithm is applied to calculate fluxes of excitons and photons as functions of time, and some other characteristics of the process. Calculations have also been carried out to validate the constructed model.
Clinician experience of metaphor in chronic pain communication
Authors: Munday Imogene , Newton-John Toby , Kneebone Ian
Published: August 2022

Objectives

This study investigated clinician experience of patient use of metaphors in chronic pain communication.

Methods

Interviews were conducted with eighteen Australian clinicians working with chronic pain patients, age range 26–64 years (M=46.6), 50% female, experience working in chronic pain ranging from 2 to 27 years (M=11.16).

Results

Thematic Analysis yielded four key themes: Metaphor as communicative tool, Metaphor as clue, Metaphor as obstacle, and Metaphor use in treatment. Clinicians identified metaphor as an important tool for patients to communicate their pain experience, whilst acknowledging that it could at times be unhelpful to patients. Metaphor was seen to contain useful information for clinicians and possess utility in assessment and treatment.

Conclusions

Metaphors play a significant role in chronic pain consultations, enabling clinician insight into pain type, psychopathology, and patient pain understanding. Metaphor in treatment phases may be underutilised. Clinicians should encourage patient metaphor use in chronic pain communication.
Stancetaking in motion: stance triangle and double dialogicality
Authors: Iwasaki Shoichi
Published: August 2022

Revealing one’s evaluation towards a shared target of stance will likely set off a chain of reactions among all participants in an interaction. This interactive activity widely recognized as stancetaking has attracted the attention of researchers in a variety of fields of inquiry. This paper intends to enrich this line of research by revealing details of stancetaking as an evolving process. It proposes to do so by recognizing two separate layers relevant for stance progression. The first is the external layer where participants physically exchange utterances in order to negotiate their stances. The second is the internal layer where each participant interacts with his/her own internalized and internalizing knowledge. To demonstrate these points, I will analyze excerpts of English conversations between unacquainted speakers who experienced a common major incident in their daily lives (an earthquake and a false missile alarm incident). I will also use a conversation in Thai to demonstrate how a speaker indexes her changing evaluation toward a third person by alternating different third person pronouns.
Genealogies of Environmental Media: Feminist Art and the Choreographic Body in Social Works
Authors: Lerner Sarah
Published: August 2022

“Genealogies of Environmental Media” analyzes a feminist genealogy of art and media practice that reconstitutes the relationship between bodies and environments through what Shannon Jackson calls “social works”—artworks that are engaged at the nexus of aesthetics and politics. I attend to social works that focus on the environment, and in so doing, reveal a feminist strategy of performance that I refer to as the choreographic body. The choreographic body enacts the labor of performance and alters the embodied experience of spectators and participants. As media bodies, choreographic bodies are semiotic and historically contingent, advancing environmental work in ways that foreground how the performing body exposes environmental infrastructures that are occluded from view. In the social works I analyze, the choreographic body occupies a site of reflexive mediation that bears on the environment, lacing feminist art with media histories. I trace the changing status of the choreographic body alongside environmental social work beginning with filmmaker Maya Deren’s choreocinema and dancer Anna Halprin’s community dance to illustrate how the choreographic body developed as a feminist strategy—shifting from explorations of the body in front of the camera in the outdoors, to dance’s shifting location from inside the studio to outside on Halprin’s dance deck and in the wider California community. This foundation then recasts performance artist Mierle Laderman Ukeles through the lens of dance as an overlooked, but central, part of her environmental practice. I read Touch Sanitation and Marrying the Barges: A Barge Ballet/Touch Sanitation Show in light of how she utilizes the choreographic body as an overlooked feminist strategy. This positions the bodies of participants in a larger choreography of performance. Finally, I analyze Invisible-5, a travelogue/audio tour of Interstate 5 in California that brings awareness to environmental injustice, as a way to think through the shifting role of the choreographic body in more recent work and ask where it might lead us as scholars and activists.
Retracing The Oregon Trail
Authors: Bauer William J. , Huettl Margaret , Phillips Katrina M.
Published: August 2022

The video game The Oregon Trail occupies a cornerstone in American popular culture. Released in 1971, the game came bundled with Apple II computers and, between the 1970s and 1990s, fostered computer education. In the original version of the game, players led a wagon train from Independence, Missouri, to the Willamette Valley, Oregon, attempting to overcome numerous obstacles. However, the game glorified settler colonialism and erased Indigenous peoples. In 2020, Gameloft decided to rebuild the game, and the company hired three Native studies scholars to “bring a new level of respectful representation to the game.” Here, we reflect on our role as consultants in the game’s redevelopment, asking what it means to integrate Indigenous perspectives and presence into popular, contested narratives of the American West in educational and entertainment contexts.
Gruffi: an algorithm for computational removal of stressed cells from brain organoid transcriptomic datasets
Authors: Vértesy Ábel , Eichmüller Oliver L , Naas Julia , Novatchkova Maria , Esk Christopher , Balmaña Meritxell , Ladstaetter Sabrina , Bock Christoph , von Haeseler Arndt , Knoblich Juergen A
Published: August 2022

Organoids enable in vitro modeling of complex developmental processes and disease pathologies. Like most 3D cultures, organoids lack sufficient oxygen supply and therefore experience cellular stress. These negative effects are particularly prominent in complex models, such as brain organoids, and can affect lineage commitment. Here, we analyze brain organoid and fetal single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from published and new datasets, totaling about 190,000 cells. We identify a unique stress signature in the data from all organoid samples, but not in fetal samples. We demonstrate that cell stress is limited to a defined subpopulation of cells that is unique to organoids and does not affect neuronal specification or maturation. We have developed a computational algorithm, Gruffi, which uses granular functional filtering to identify and remove stressed cells from any organoid scRNAseq dataset in an unbiased manner. We validated our method using six additional datasets from different organoid protocols and early brains, and show its usefulness to other organoid systems including retinal organoids. Our data show that the adverse effects of cell stress can be corrected by bioinformatic analysis for improved delineation of developmental trajectories and resemblance to in vivo data.
Structural insights into the assembly and activation of the IL‐27 signaling complex
Authors: Jin Yibo , Fyfe Paul K , Gardner Scott , Wilmes Stephan , Bubeck Doryen , Moraga Ignacio
Published: August 2022

Interleukin 27 (IL‐27) is a heterodimeric cytokine that elicits potent immunosuppressive responses. Comprised of EBI3 and p28 subunits, IL‐27 binds GP130 and IL‐27Rα receptor chains to activate the JAK/STAT signaling cascade. However, how these receptors recognize IL‐27 and form a complex capable of phosphorylating JAK proteins remains unclear. Here, we used cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) and AlphaFold modeling to solve the structure of the IL‐27 receptor recognition complex. Our data show how IL‐27 serves as a bridge connecting IL‐27Rα (domains 1–2) with GP130 (domains 1–3) to initiate signaling. While both receptors contact the p28 component of the heterodimeric cytokine, EBI3 stabilizes the complex by binding a positively charged surface of IL‐27Rα and Domain 1 of GP130. We find that assembly of the IL‐27 receptor recognition complex is distinct from both IL‐12 and IL‐6 cytokine families and provides a mechanistic blueprint for tuning IL‐27 pleiotropic actions.