bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Factors Affecting the Need for Unilateral Space Maintainer for First Primary Molars in Late Mixed Dentition
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Mokhtari Saeedeh , Hamrah Mohammad Hassan , Tavana Zahra , Heydarigoojani Mahyar , Tavana Narges
Published: March 2022

Background. Premature loss of deciduous teeth can lead to loss of space and have a negative effect on occlusion. The use of space maintainers can reduce the severity of problems such as crowding. However, the literature is controversial regarding the effects of early loss of primary first molars The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the need for unilateral space maintainer for the first deciduous molars in late mixed dentition. In this cross‐sectional study, fifty children between 6 to 8 years who had lost a primary first molar unilaterally later than 6 months ago were randomly selected. Midline deviation, molar and canine relationships at both sides, facial growth pattern, and the amount of space loss were all assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 via one‐sample t‐test, paired t‐test, and linear regression (alpha = 0.05). Methods. In this cross‐sectional study, 47 children aged 8 to 10 years with early unilaterally loss of first primary molar in the past 6 months were randomly selected. First, the type of occlusion based on the angle molar relationship and the growth pattern of face based on the Hall and Farkas and midline were assessed. Anterior crowding was measured. SPSS 25 program and Chi‐square, t‐test, ANOVA, and linear regression were used to analyze the data. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results. The results showed that the amount of space loss is 0.56 mm (maxilla = 0.54 and mandible = 0.58), which is not clinically significant, and there is no need for space maintainer. Increasing age (p = 0.021) and increasing the percentage ratio of facial pattern (p = 0.009) significantly reduced the space loss and increased the duration of tooth loss (p = 0.002), and molar relationship in the control side (p = 0.05) and increasing the canine to lateral distance (p = 0.016) significantly increased the space loss. Other factors such as crowding, midline deviation, and canine relationship on the control side did not have significant effects on space loss. Conclusion. Space loss due to extraction of the first primary molars in late mixed dentition was neither statistically nor clinically significant. However, in cases of severe crowding, the vertical growth pattern of the face, and molar relationship, further studies are needed, and follow‐up of patients is recommended.
Impact of Weight Reduction on Thyroid Function and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver among Egyptian Adolescents with Obesity
Authors: Amin Mona Karem , Ali Ahmed Ibrahim , Elsayed Hesham
Published: March 2022

Background. The prevalence of childhood obesity has been increasing worldwide. This may explain the emergence of nonalcoholic fatty liver as the leading cause of liver disease. Several previous studies have addressed the association between thyroid function and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Objectives. To study the impact of weight reduction through lifestyle modifications in adolescents with obesity. Methods. A prospective cohort study was done on 61 adolescents with obesity. Patients were evaluated at the first visit by the full history, clinical examination, and investigations (thyroid profile, lipid profile, liver function tests, HbA1c, and liver ultrasonography) as basal information. The intervention program included a dietary program, increasing physical activity, and decreasing sedentary activity. A postintervention evaluation was done at the end of six months which included anthropometric measures, laboratory results, and ultrasonographic estimation. Results. It was shown that the mean BMI of the participants had significantly decreased after lifestyle modification from (32.05 ± 3.36 kg/m2) to (28.1 ± 2.77 kg/m2) (

P
<
0.001

). It also showed that the percentage of studied adolescents with elevated TSH decreased from 47.5% to 19.7% after the weight reduction program. Improvement was also achieved in the lipid profile and liver functions. The percentage of studied adolescents with ultrasound appearance of NAFLD decreased from 31.1% to 26.2% after weight reduction. Conclusions. Lifestyle modification positively influences the metabolic derangement in obesity without medical treatment. ΔTSH is a significant predictor of the change in BMI z-score. It is also possible that hepatic steatosis affects thyroid function rather than the other way around.
Analysis of Key Indicators Related to the Teaching of Floral Art Skills Competition Based on Fuzzy Hierarchical Model
Authors: Wu Ningling , Zhou Jieliang
Published: March 2022

The art of floral arrangement has become an essential part of the curriculum to enhance students’ professionalism. By studying the connotation of academic style construction and disciplinary skill competitions and the promotion of disciplinary skill competitions to academic style construction based on the fuzzy hierarchy model, we propose to keep abreast of the times and attach importance to the significance of disciplinary skill competitions; to deepen and improve the organizational structure; improve the evaluation and incentive mechanisms to create a brand; and to gradually form a multilevel management and long-term mechanism to build a disciplinary skill competition system. The aim is to deepen the construction of the university academic style and provide a solid platform for promoting the cultivation of skilled and comprehensive talents.
Clinical Application Value of High-Frequency Ultrasound Combined with Detection of Serum High Mobility Group Box 1, Soluble IL-2 Receptor, and Thyroglobulin Antibody in Diagnosing Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Jiahui , Meng Xiaojiao , Yao Wenliang
Published: March 2022

Objective. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical application value of high-frequency ultrasound combined with detection of serum high mobility group box (HMGB-1), soluble IL-2 receptor (SIL-2R), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) in diagnosing thyroid cancer. Methods. By means of retrospective study, 50 thyroid cancer patients treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the thyroid cancer group, 50 patients with benign thyroid lesions were included in the benign lesion group, and 50 healthy individuals examined in our hospital in the same period were included in the control group. All study objects received high-frequency ultrasound examination, and at the same time, their serum HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb levels were measured. After that, the results of high-frequency ultrasound examination were analyzed, the diagnostic efficacy of different diagnosis methods was explored, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted. Results. According to the results of high-frequency ultrasound examination, there were significant differences in echogenicity surrounding and inside the lesion, calcification, blood flow distribution, and blood flow parameters between the thyroid cancer group and the benign lesion group (P < 0.001); the HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb levels were statistically different among the three groups (P < 0.001), and the level values of HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb of the thyroid cancer group were, respectively, (12.26 ± 1.32) ng/ml, (108.65 ± 9.75) pmol/L, and (690.65 ± 34.47) IU/mL; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of high-frequency ultrasound combined with detection of serum HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb were, respectively, 98.0%, 95.0%, 90.7%, and 99.0%, and AUC (95%CI) = 0.965 (0.931–0.999). Conclusion. High-frequency ultrasound combined with detection of serum HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb has a good value in diagnosing thyroid cancer, which should be promoted in practice.
An Improved Genetic Algorithm-Based Traffic Scheduling Model for Airport Terminal Areas
Authors: Liu Junhao , Cheng Qing , Wang Yuanji , Yang Changqi , Zhou Rui , Zhu Xinping , Yao Di , Zhou Junjie , Du Yaqian , Yang Shanshan
Published: March 2022

This paper takes the airport terminal area as the main research content and combines genetic algorithm with airport terminal area analysis theory to analyze and study the traffic scheduling in the airport terminal area. Based on the study of traditional traffic scheduling techniques and key techniques of genetic algorithms, this paper participates in the actual project of genetic algorithm-based traffic scheduling, analyzes the requirements of the project, focuses on the design and implementation of the traffic scheduling algorithm module in the genetic algorithm-based traffic scheduling system, and conducts further research on the pathfinding by constraints submodule. In this paper, the flight approach and departure sequencing problem and runway allocation problem are the main research objects. The dynamic optimal scheduling model of flight approach and departure is established by considering the interests and demands of airlines and airports, and a new scheduling algorithm is proposed. In this paper, a brief introduction to the airport terminal area is given, and the feasibility of the approach/departure optimal scheduling is introduced from the perspective of airlines with a long-range parallel two-runway airport as the research background. Secondly, through the analysis of the flight approach and departure process and the study of the approach and departure cooperative optimization strategy, a single-runway flight approach and departure traffic scheduling model under the joint sequencing strategy is established with the optimization objective of minimizing the total flight delay time, and the model is solved by using the sliding time window algorithm. Then, based on the single-runway scheduling model, a multirunway multiobjective flight optimal scheduling model is established with the objectives of minimizing total delay time, increasing runway throughput per unit time and fairness of flight delay time allocation, and a dynamic algorithm (STW-GA) combining sliding time window algorithm and dual-structured chromosome genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the model.
Role of Phytonanotechnology in the Removal of Water Contamination
Authors: Gole Apurva , John Diya , Krishnamoorthy Karan , Wagh Nilesh S. , Lakkakula Jaya , Khan Mohd Shahnawaz , Odeibat Hamza Ahmad Mohammad , Tarique Mohammad , Islam Md. Rabiul
Published: March 2022

Environmental pollution is expedited by the rapid increase in population, urbanization, industrialization, and growth in the global economy. Water contamination is accelerated by the incautious disposal of wastes into water bodies. The need of the hour is to develop novel, ergonomic, subsidized, and reproducible technologies that assist in the remediation of such wastes that require minimal human intervention, preserve the quality of water, and are eco‐friendly. Phytonanotechnology is emerging as a promising strategy, characterized by the biosynthesis of metallic nanomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) using plant‐based sources. Conventional remediation technologies like adsorptive, reactive, in situ, ex situ, and open fabrication of phytogenic magnetic NPs (PMNPs) have already been established in scientific literature. A keen understanding of building material platforms, fabricating and performance‐optimizing are required to develop nanomaterials capable of addressing environmental issues. Furthermore, their antimicrobial activity, biodegradability and biocompatibility, optoelectronic properties, low toxicity, availability, energy efficiency, and versatility have been utilized efficiently.
Use of Machine Learning and Routine Laboratory Tests for Diabetes Mellitus Screening
Authors: Cardozo Glauco , Pintarelli Guilherme Brasil , Andreis Guilherme Rettore , Lopes Annelise Correa Wengerkievicz , Marques Jefferson Luiz Brum
Published: March 2022

Most patients with diabetes mellitus are asymptomatic, which leads to delayed and more complex treatment. At the same time, most individuals are routinely subjected to standard clinical laboratory examinations, which create large health datasets over a lifetime. Computer processing has been used to search for health anomalies and predict diseases using clinical examinations. This work studied machine learning models to support the screening of diabetes through routine laboratory tests using data from laboratory tests of 62,496 patients. The classification and regression models used were the K‐nearest neighbor, support vector machines, Bayes naïve, random forest models, and artificial neural networks. Glycated hemoglobin, a test used for diabetes diagnosis, was used as the target. Regression models calculated glycated hemoglobin directly and were later classified. The performance of classification computer models has been studied under various subdataset partitions and combinations (e.g., healthy, prediabetic, and diabetes, as well as no healthy and no diabetes). The best single performance was achieved with the artificial neural network model when detecting prediabetes or diabetes. The artificial neural network classification model scored 78.1%, 78.7%, and 78.4% for sensitivity, precision, and F1 scores, respectively, when identifying no healthy group. Other models also had good results, depending on what is desired. Machine learning‐based models can predict glycated hemoglobin values from routine laboratory tests and can be used as a screening tool to refer a patient for further testing.
Comparison of Larval Therapy and Vacuum-Assisted Closure Therapy after Revascularization in Peripheral Artery Disease Patients with Ischemic Wounds
Authors: Cangel Ugur , Sirekbasan Serhat , Polat Erdal
Published: March 2022

Objective. Even for very successful peripheral revascularization therapy, treatment is not complete until the ulcerative, gangrenous, and infected wound is closed. This study was performed and compared the outcomes of vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) and maggot debridement therapy (MDT) following peripheral revascularization to accelerate the wound healing process. Methods. We did a prospective randomized clinical trial between January 1, 2014, and June 21, 2019. This study included 72 patients (63 males and nine females). Balloon angioplasty was performed in 21 patients (29.2%), peripheral bypass in 39 (54.2%), and both balloon angioplasty and revascularization (hybrid) surgery in 12 (16.7%). Thirty-three patients (45.8%) received 15 VAC therapy sessions for a month. Therapy progress was monitored at 48 h intervals, and wound debridement was performed. Thirty-nine patients (54.2%) received an average of six larval therapy sessions for a month. Groups were compared with the X2 test, and a statistically significant difference was found (

P
<
0.001

). Results. In the VAC therapy group (n = 33), 14 patients (42.4%) had their feet amputated, 5 (15.1%) had a toe amputated, and 4 (12.1%) had all of their toes amputated. A skin graft was performed on four patients (12.1%) who developed granulation tissue. The wounds of six patients (18.2%) undergoing VAC therapy healed. In the larval therapy group (n = 39), the wounds healed in 36 patients (92.3%), and 3 (7.7%) had a toe amputated. Conclusion. Larval therapy was shown to be more effective than VAC therapy for the treatment of postrevascularization ischemic wounds. Thus, larval therapy can be used as an effective biological treatment method when major amputation is not required.
ASLNet: An Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Audio Splicing Detection and Localization
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Zhao Xianfeng , Yi Xiaowei
Published: March 2022

Audio splicing means inserting an audio segment into another audio, which presents a great challenge to audio forensics. In this paper, a novel audio splicing detection and localization method based on an encoder-decoder architecture (ASLNet) is proposed. Firstly, an audio clip is divided into several small audio segments according to the size of the smallest localization region

L

slr

, and the acoustic feature matrix and corresponding binary ground truth mask are created from each audio segment. Then, we concatenate acoustic feature matrices from all segments of an audio clip into an acoustic feature matrix and send it to a fully convolutional network (FCN) based encoder-decoder architecture which consists of a series of convolutional, pooling and transposed convolutional layers to get a binary output mask. Next, the binary output mask is divided into small segments according to the

L

slr

, and the ratio

ρ

of the number of elements equal to one to the number of all elements in a small segment is calculated. Finally, we compare

ρ

with the predetermined threshold

T

to determine whether the corresponding audio segment is spliced. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed ASLNet on four datasets produced from publicly available speech corpus. Extensive experiments show that the best detection accuracy of ASLNet for the intradatabase and cross-database evaluation can achieve 0.9965 and 0.9740 receptively, which outperforms the state-of-the-art method.
Detection of Maternal and Cytoplasmic Effects on Resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici in Durum Wheat
Authors: Hassine Marwa , Bnejdi Fethi , Bahri Bochra Amina , Tissaoui Salma , Mougou-Hamdane Amira , Guesmi Mouna , Baraket Mokhtar , Slim-Amara Hajer
Published: March 2022

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is a major disease problem of wheat worldwide. To optimize the introgression of resistance genes in elite genotypes throughout traditional or molecular breeding programs, a full understanding of the quantitative inheritance of resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici, plant height (PH), and thousand kernel weight (TKW) is needed. In this study, maternal and cytoplasmic effects of resistance to STB were investigated using P1 (susceptible, high‐yielding line) and P2 (resistant, low‐yielding line) durum wheat lines and their F1, RF1, F2, RF2, BC1, RBC1, BC2, and RBC2 progeny, assessed for resistance to STB during three growing seasons. Duncan mean’s analysis revealed significant differences between generation means for STB, PH, and TKW. The two parents had an extreme pattern. The F1 and RF1 segregated close to their respective parents, suggesting the presence of cytoplasmic and maternal genetic effects for Z. tritici resistance, PH, and TKW. Separate generation mean’s analysis confirmed the results of the Duncan test. A three‐parameter model was found to be not adequate for all traits in all three growing years; while a digenic epistatic model with cytoplasmic or/and maternal effect was adequate for all cases. Narrow‐sense heritability was in the range of 50–60%, 30–69%, and 28–31% for STB, PH, and TKW, respectively. For STB, high heritability and the presence of fixable epistatic effect is encouraging and could lead to creating varieties with the right female parent to exploit cytoplasmic and maternal effects in order to improve resistance to Z. tritici in durum wheat.
Inflationary Universe from Anomaly-FreeFR-Gravity
Authors: Beesham Aroonkumar , Bamba Kazuharu
Published: March 2022

By adding a three-dimensional manifold to an eleven-dimensional manifold in supergravity, we obtain the action ofFR-gravity and find that it is anomaly-free. We calculate the scale factor of the inflationary universe in this model and observe that it is related to the slow-roll parameters. The tensor-scalar ratioRtensor−scalaris in good agreement with experimental data.
Suppression of Endothelial Cell FAK Expression Reduces Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Metastasis after Gemcitabine Treatment
Authors: Roy-Luzarraga Marina , Reynolds Louise E. , de Luxán-Delgado Beatriz , Maiques Oscar , Wisniewski Laura , Newport Emma , Rajeeve Vinothini , Drake Rebecca J.G. , Gómez-Escudero Jesús , Richards Frances M. , Weller Céline , Dormann Christof , Meng Ya-Ming , Vermeulen Peter B. , Saur Dieter , Sanz-Moreno Victoria , Wong Ping-Pui , Géraud Cyrill , Cutillas Pedro R. , Hodivala-Dilke Kairbaan
Published: March 2022

Despite substantial advances in the treatment of solid cancers, resistance to therapy remains a major obstacle to prolonged progression-free survival. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers, with a high level of liver metastasis. Primary PDAC is highly hypoxic, and metastases are resistant to first-line treatment, including gemcitabine. Recent studies have indicated that endothelial cell (EC) focal adhesion kinase (FAK) regulates DNA-damaging therapy–induced angiocrine factors and chemosensitivity in primary tumor models. Here, we show that inducible loss of EC-FAK in both orthotopic and spontaneous mouse models of PDAC is not sufficient to affect primary tumor growth but reduces liver and lung metastasis load and improves survival rates in gemcitabine-treated, but not untreated, mice. EC-FAK loss did not affect primary tumor angiogenesis, tumor blood vessel leakage, or early events in metastasis, including the numbers of circulating tumor cells, tumor cell homing, or metastatic seeding. Phosphoproteomics analysis showed a downregulation of the MAPK, RAF, and PAK signaling pathways in gemcitabine-treated FAK-depleted ECs compared with gemcitabine-treated wild-type ECs. Moreover, low levels of EC-FAK correlated with increased survival and reduced relapse in gemcitabine-treated patients with PDAC, supporting the clinical relevance of these findings. Altogether, we have identified a new role of EC-FAK in regulating PDAC metastasis upon gemcitabine treatment that impacts outcome.

Significance:

These findings establish the potential utility of combinatorial endothelial cell FAK targeting together with gemcitabine in future clinical applications to control metastasis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
A Phase 1/2 Trial Combining Avelumab and Trabectedin for Advanced Liposarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Wagner Michael J. , Zhang Yuzheng , Cranmer Lee D. , Loggers Elizabeth T. , Black Graeme , McDonnell Sabrina , Maxwell Shannon , Johnson Rylee , Moore Roxanne , Hermida de Viveiros Pedro , Aicher Lauri , Smythe Kimberly S. , He Qianchuan , Jones Robin L. , Pollack Seth M.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

Leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma frequently express PD-L1 but are generally resistant to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition (immune checkpoint inhibitor). Trabectedin is FDA approved for leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of trabectedin with anti–PD-L1 antibody avelumab in patients with advanced leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma.

Patients and Methods:

A single-arm, open-label, Phase 1/2 study tested avelumab with trabectedin for advanced leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma. The phase I portion evaluated safety and feasibility of trabectedin (1, 1.2, and 1.5 mg/m2) with avelumab at standard dosing. Primary endpoint of the phase II portion was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST 1.1. Correlative studies included T-cell receptor sequencing (TCRseq), multiplex IHC, and tumor gene expression.

Results:

33 patients were evaluable: 24 with leiomyosarcoma (6 uterine and 18 non-uterine) and 11 with liposarcoma. In Phase 1, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were observed in 2 of 6 patients at both trabectedin 1.2 and 1.5 mg/m2. The recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) was 1.0 mg/m2 trabectedin and 800-mg avelumab. Of 23 patients evaluable at RP2D, 3 (13%) had partial response (PR) and 10 (43%) had stable disease (SD) as best response. Six-month PFS was 52%; median PFS was 8.3 months. Patients with PR had higher Simpson Clonality score on TCRseq from peripheral blood mononuclear cells versus those with SD (0.182 vs. 0.067, P = 0.02) or progressive disease (0.182 vs. 0.064, P = 0.01).

Conclusions:

Although the trial did not meet the primary objective response rate endpoint, PFS compared favorably with prior studies of trabectedin warranting further investigation.
Therapeutic Targeting of Stromal-Tumor HGF-MET Signaling in an Organotypic Triple-Negative Breast Tumor Model
Authors: Singh Sunil , Lamichhane Astha , Rafsanjani Nejad Pouria , Heiss Jacob , Baumann Hannah , Gudneppanavar Ravindra , Leipzig Nic D. , Konopka Michael , Luker Gary D. , Tavana Hossein
Published: March 2022

The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes proliferation, drug resistance, and invasiveness of cancer cells. Therapeutic targeting of the TME is an attractive strategy to improve outcomes for patients, particularly in aggressive cancers such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) that have a rich stroma and limited targeted therapies. However, lack of preclinical human tumor models for mechanistic understanding of tumor–stromal interactions has been an impediment to identify effective treatments against the TME. To address this need, we developed a three-dimensional organotypic tumor model to study interactions of patient-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) with TNBC cells and explore potential therapy targets. We found that CAFs predominantly secreted hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and activated MET receptor tyrosine kinase in TNBC cells. This tumor–stromal interaction promoted invasiveness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and activities of multiple oncogenic pathways in TNBC cells. Importantly, we established that TNBC cells become resistant to monotherapy and demonstrated a design-driven approach to select drug combinations that effectively inhibit prometastatic functions of TNBC cells. Our study also showed that HGF from lung fibroblasts promotes colony formation by TNBC cells, suggesting that blocking HGF-MET signaling potentially could target both primary TNBC tumorigenesis and lung metastasis. Overall, we established the utility of our organotypic tumor model to identify and therapeutically target specific mechanisms of tumor–stromal interactions in TNBC toward the goal of developing targeted therapies against the TME.

Implications:

Leveraging a state-of-the-art organotypic tumor model, we demonstrated that CAFs-mediated HGF-MET signaling drive tumorigenic activities in TNBC and presents a therapeutic target.
Temporal Trend of Transient Ischemic Attack Management over a 10-Year Period: Data from the Rhône County, France
Authors: Isnard Florent , Termoz Anne , Haesebaert Julie , Viprey Marie , Tazarourte Karim , Bravant Estelle , Perreton Nathalie , Cakmak Serkan , Meyran Sylvie , Ossedat Catherine , Ducreux Bruno , Pidoux Christelle , Bony Thomas , Douplat Marion , Potinet Veronique , Sigal Alain , Derex Laurent , Nighoghossian Norbert , Schott-Pethelaz Anne-Marie , Mechtouff Laura
Published: March 2022

Background: Timely recognition and management of transient ischemic attack (TIA) offer the greatest opportunity to prevent subsequent stroke. But variability of TIA management quality exists across hospitals. Under the impetus of national plans, measures were adopted to improve TIA management, including a structured local pathway. Our objective was to compare TIA management between two periods over 10 years, before and after the implementation of these measures. Methods: A before-and-after study was conducted with two identical population-based cohort studies in 2006–2007 (AVC69) and 2015–2016 (STROKE69) including all patients with TIA diagnosis over a 7-month period in six public and private hospitals in the Rhône county in France. The primary outcome was the adequate TIA management defined as brain and vessel imaging within 24 h of admission and the prescription of antithrombotic treatment at discharge. Results: We identified 109 patients TIA patients in 2006–2007, and 458 over the same period in 2015–2016. A higher proportion of patients were adequately managed in 2015–2016 compared to 2006–2007 (14/96 [15%] in 2006–2007 vs. 306/452 [68%] in 2015–2016, p < 0.001). This difference was mainly driven by a marked increase of vessel imaging performed within 24 h of admission, most often by computed tomography angiography. Furthermore, patients called more often emergency medical dispatch before admission, were admitted with a shorter delay after symptom onset, and were more likely discharged to home in 2015–2016 compared to 2006–2007. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated an increasing rate of adequate TIA management, mainly driven by a marked increase of vessel imaging within 24 h of admission, over a 10-year period in the Rhône county in France.
Cutaneous Metal Hypersensitivity Reaction
Authors: Yang Sun , Choi Ellie , Ng Yau Hong
Published: March 2022

A 53-year-old lady underwent a left total knee arthroplasty. She developed a dermatitis over the left knee on postoperative day 5, which worsened over the next 2 weeks and spread to the trunk despite regular topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines. Physical examination revealed an erythematous plaque over the left knee and urticated plaques over the neck. She was given a course of oral and topical corticosteroids with resolution. Subsequent patch testing showed a showing ++ reactions to gold and nickel, and + reactions to copper, palladium, rhodium, titanium, vanadium, zinc, and hydroquinone. Orthopedic implants contain metal alloys, which may include nickel, cobalt. Hypersensitivity to implants allergy may arise from the metal alloy or bone cement. Metal hypersensitivity reactions (MHR) can manifest as a local or systemic contact dermatitis weeks to months following exposure. The role of MHR in contributing to prosthesis failure is conflicting. In patients with no history of metal allergy, pre-implant patch testing is not routinely recommended as a positive patch test does not consistently predict in vivo metal-induced complication. MHR may be managed conservatively with good outcomes. However, in patients with MHR and implant failure, or in a preoperative patient with a proven and clinically relevant hypersensitivity, replacement of the implant, or implant with a titanium or oxidized zirconium alloy should be considered.
Amlodipine-Induced Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Localized to Non-Sun-Exposed Areas
Authors: Mizuta Takahiro , Kato Miyuki
Published: March 2022

The cutaneous manifestations of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE), a subset of cutaneous lupus erythematosus, arise most often in sun-exposed areas. We report a case of SCLE with atypical distribution, following treatment with amlodipine. This highlighted a possible clue that can be used to clinically distinguish a drug-induced case from an idiopathic disorder. A 92-year-old Japanese woman presented with a 2-month history of progressive erythematous, papulosquamous rash, and annular plaques in non-sun-exposed sites with no systemic symptoms. Irbesartan/amlodipine besilate combination tablets were prescribed 8 months earlier for hypertension. The appearance of the skin eruptions, results of immunopathological findings, and temporal relationship between the rash and drugs were suggestive of a diagnosis of drug-induced SCLE, which was confirmed by the spontaneous resolution of these cutaneous eruptions within 4 weeks after cessation of amlodipine treatment. The evaluation of possible associations with medications should be performed in patients presenting with clinical features characterizing SCLE in atypical sites (non-sun-exposed areas).
Incidence and Mortality of Post-Polypectomy Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Low-Risk Adenomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Yang Xiaoxiao , Zhu Cheng , Li Yueyue , Li Yanqing , Zuo Xiu-Li
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The long-term risks of post-polypectomy colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality among patients with low-risk adenomas (LRAs) are unclear. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of CRC incidence and mortality following LRAs removal. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library for studies that reported the risk of metachronous CRC incidence and mortality after colonoscopy. The primary outcome was the risk of CRC incidence and mortality in patients with LRAs. Random-effects models were used to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Thirteen observational studies with 1,750,305 patients (45.4% male; follow-up: 4.5–16.5 years) were included. A meta-analysis of seven studies showed a higher CRC incidence in patients with LRAs than those without adenomas (per 10,000 person-years: 5.2 vs. 3.9; RR 1.25 [95% CI 1.05–1.49], I2 = 0%). However, the CRC-related death rate was not significantly different between the two groups (RR 1.13 [95% CI 0.75–1.69], I2 = 0%). When compared with the general population, the meta-analysis showed a significantly lower risk of CRC incidence in patients with LRAs (RR 0.59 [95% CI 0.45–0.77], I2 = 0%), and another three studies, which could not be pooled, showed a reduction in the risk of CRC-related death in the LRAs group. Conclusions: Patients with LRAs have a small but higher risk of post-polypectomy CRC incidence than patients without adenomas. The marginally higher absolute incidence seemed insufficient for more intensive surveillance colonoscopy, but the significant difference suggested different follow-up strategies between patients with LRAs and those without adenomas.
Há accountability e transparência nos conselhos estaduais de saúde do Brasil?
Authors: Barros Gabriel Machado da Costa , Barros Célio da Costa
Published: March 2022

Informação sob a guarda do Estado é, via de regra, pública. Mais de 17,5 milhões de cidadãos acessaram em 2019 o Portal da Transparência. Esta pesquisa objetivou verificar, por meio da auditoria do Tribunal de Contas da União – Acórdão 1.130/2017, os níveis em que se encontram as dimensões de accountability e transparência dos conselhos estaduais de saúde no Brasil. Estudo transversal do tipo descritivo, com abordagem quali-quantitativa, realizado a partir de revisão bibliográfica sobre governança em saúde na visão dos órgãos de controle, foi executado por meio de levantamento de abrangência nacional, envolvendo os 27 conselhos estaduais de saúde. Os resultados revelaram que 67% dos conselhos não ofertam a transparência adequadamente e, destes, seis não realizam nenhum tipo de transparência; 37% não prestam contas (accountability) da implementação e dos resultados do plano estadual de saúde; 52% não apuram as irregularidades praticadas pelas secretarias estaduais de saúde nem promovem a responsabilização; apenas 4% ofertam transparência com maturidade aprimorada; e 7% possuem accountability aprimorada para prestar contas da implementação e dos resultados do plano estadual de saúde e para garantir a responsabilização por irregularidades comprovadas. Concluiu-se que a atuação dos conselhos em relação à transparência e à accountability dificulta o acesso às informações públicas de saúde, favorece a corrupção, não aperfeiçoa a gestão pública e não estimula a participação popular e o controle social, nos distancia ndo do Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável 3: “Saúde e Bem-estar: assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades”.
Epigenetics in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Wang Guanglei , Wang Bingbing , Yang Peixin
Published: March 2022

Embryonic heart development is an intricate process that mainly involves morphogens, transcription factors, and cardiac genes. The precise spatiotemporal expression of these genes during different developmental stages underlies normal heart development. Thus, mutation or aberrant expression of these genes may lead to congenital heart disease (CHD). However, evidence demonstrates that the mutation of genes accounts for only a small portion of CHD cases, whereas the aberrant expression regulated by epigenetic modification plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of CHD. In this review, we provide essential knowledge on the aberrant epigenetic modification involved in the pathogenesis of CHD. Then, we discuss recent advances in the identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers. Last, we highlight the epigenetic roles in some adverse intrauterine environment‐related CHD, which may help the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these kinds of CHD.
Angels with Guns: A Memoir on Guy Brett (and David Medalla)
Authors: Bois Yve-Alain
Published: March 2022

In this memoir—which is part diary, part scrapbook—Yve-Alain Bois sifts through his nearly half-a-century correspondence with the British art critic Guy Brett to recount their friendship and evoke the numerous exhibitions the latter curated as well as the many books and catalogues he wrote, from his publications on Kinetic art and Helio Oiticica in the 1960s to his pioneering forays into contemporary art in the global South from the 1970s on. (Four short texts previously published by Bois on Brett's work are interspersed in the narrative). Particular attention is given to the Filipino artist David Medalla and the Brazilian artist Lygia Clark, whom Brett championed all his life and whose work and tribulations are discussed throughout.
Cattleya mireileiana, a new species of Orchidaceae (Laeliinae) from the Southern Espinhaço Complex, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Authors: MENEZES EULER DA LUZ FERNANDES , GIORDANI SAMUEL CUNHA OLIVEIRA , MENDES JONE CLEBSON RIBEIRO
Published: March 2022

This study describes and illustrates Cattleya mireileiana (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae), a new species endemic to the Southern Espinhaço Complex near Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, where it was found in a few isolated rocky outcrops, sharing habitat with Cattleya rupestres. It is close to three other species: Cattleya bradei, C. briegeri, and C. cruziana. However, the new species differs in the number of nodes present in the pseudobulb components, the size of the diameter, the scent of the flowers and the time of flowering. In addition, its flowers have two unique chromatic characteristics that distinguish it from all other species with yellow flowers in the Parviflorae series: the color of the carinae and the whitish area at the base of the petals and sepals. We provide a detailed morphological description, a distribution map, in situ photographs, and compare it with similar species. We assessed its state of conservation as data deficient  (DD), as the only know population consists of at least 150 mature individuals and is outside of an environmentally protected area.
Dendrobium fuscifaucium (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Dendrobieae), a new Laotian species only known in cultivation
Authors: SOUVANNAKHOUMMANE KEOOUDONE , KUMAR PANKAJ , PHONEPASEUTH PHONGPHAYBOUN
Published: March 2022

Dendrobium fuscifaucium is described here as a new species from Laos PDR. This species was found at a local nursery and was claimed to have been collected from the limestone mountains of Kasi District (Vientiane Province). Detailed description and comparison, comparison with its allied species, D. hekouense, D. luoi and D. wangliangii is provided, along with flowering phenology and information on habitat. Multiple attempts have failed to locate this species in the wild.
Does Philippians 2:6–11 present Christ as a superior angel?
Authors: O’Collins Gerald Glynn
Published: March 2022

This article questions the angel Christology that Paul Holloway, in the light of Jewish apocalypticism, has detected in a hymnic passage of Paul’s Philippians (2:6–11). At the end of the last century, James Dunn had read there an Adam Christology, accepted now in part and by some scholars. The new thesis of an angelic Christ proposes that he changed himself into human form, and was highly elevated after his crucifixion to bear the divine Name and share the divine throne. But we do not find in the passage itself the language of angels and thrones that this thesis seems to require. Nor has Paul developed elsewhere an Angel Christology that would support Holloway’s proposal. Philippians 2:10–11 uses classic language about the adoration of the one, true God, and not of some principal angel. Holloway distances himself from using any theology or philosophy, which might have lent more stringency and precision to his argument.
Examining Militarized Masculinity, Violence and Conflict: Male Survivors of Torture in International Politics
Authors: Nath Sanjukta
Published: March 2022

The article analyses how masculine social norms shape the idea of survivors/victims in International Politics. It will conceptually analyse how masculine social norms have been normalised through militarism and militarized masculinity in international politics. In this process, it will locate how international politics has conceived male survivors of sexualised torture. It will use a gender lens in understanding the discourse and practice of torture in armed conflicts. It argues that there exists a gender-based binary in the way victimhood in conflict situations has been perceived in international politics where victims are generally seen to be women and the perpetrators are men. It uses a critical feminist perspective in problematizing the essentialist gender-based binary between victims and perpetrators of violence particularly sexual and gender-based violence. There exists silence in international politics in the ways that male victims of sexualised torture during conflict situations have been perceived in international politics. This silence reflects the power of social construction of masculinity in international politics. The silence is manifested in the way sexual and gender-based violence on men and boys in conflict situations have been often seen under the broad rubrics of torture which overlooks the sexual harm involved in the practice.
Working towards a green job?: Autoworkers, climate change and the role of collective identity in union renewal
Authors: Allan Kori , Robinson Joanna
Published: March 2022

This article examines the important, yet under-examined, issue of green workforce development and industrial relations and the role of unions and workers in shaping a transition to a green economy. Based on interviews with labour leaders and rank-and-file workers in the auto manufacturing sector in Ontario, Canada, this article interrogates how environmentalism and climate change potentially construct a sense of purpose among heterogenous union members, particularly in the context of decreasing union power, de-industrialization and neoliberalism. In order to understand how climate change can shape union purpose, we investigate how a diverse range of union members – beyond leaders – understand climate change and the appropriate strategies to address it and how this sustains or hinders collective identity within the union. We argue that understanding internal differences in collective identities is key for unions to start to rebuild power resources. Our research demonstrates that future union success and solidarity among workers might be dependent on the ability of unions to recognize and negotiate multiple collective identities. By incorporating innovations into the union, a more flexible and multi-dimensional collective identity regarding labour environmentalism could be built and sustained.
Suicide Attitudes Among Suicide Loss Survivors and Their Adaptation to Loss: A Cross-Cultural Study in Japan and the United States
Authors: Kawashima Daisuke , Kawamoto Shizuka , Shiraga Keisuke , Kheibari Athena , Cerel Julie , Kawano Kenji
Published: March 2022

Survivors’ adaptation to a suicide loss is likely influenced by their attitudes toward suicide and their respective sociocultural contexts. Our study aimed to compare suicide attitudes and their association with depressive symptoms and sense of community safety in Japanese and American suicide loss survivors. A total of 193 Japanese survivors and 232 American survivors completed online surveys. The results show that Japanese survivors tended not to consider suicide as an illness or to recognize that others understood their experience but were more likely than American survivors to consider suicide as justifiable. Regression analyses indicated that taking suicide as a right was associated with depressive symptoms. Further, their sense of being understood by others was positively correlated with perceived community safety in both samples, but justifying suicide and considering it to be an illness was positively related to perceived community safety only among Japanese survivors.
An Integrated Framework of Professional Development for Vietnamese Lecturers of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Ngo Nga Huynh Hong , Cherrington Sue , Crabbe David
Published: March 2022

This study applied phenomenology as a methodology in order to gain deeper insights into the lived professional development (PD) experiences of Vietnamese tertiary English as a foreign language (EFL) lecturers. Evidence from this study highlights that lecturers’ PD is a multidimensional and dynamic activity. Grounded in a combination of ecological systems theory and andragogy theory, the findings of this study led to the design of an integrated framework of effective PD for tertiary EFL lecturers that incorporates the three main dimensions of content, context and process. This representation helps to shed light on what PD planners and academic managers need to focus on when organising and implementing PD activities. The study contributes to the current literature related to tertiary EFL lecturers’ lived experiences of PD within the Vietnamese higher education context and may be applied to other international contexts.
Changes in Healthcare Provision During Covid-19 and Their Impact on Children With Chronic Illness: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lignou Sapfo , Greenwood Jenny , Sheehan Mark , Wolfe Ingrid
Published: March 2022

This paper provides an overview of the evidence around how the health systems and policy response to the Covid-19 pandemic affected children with long-term conditions in the UK. We conducted a scoping review guided by the PRISMA-ScR Checklist. The PubMed and PsycINFO databases (2019-August 2021) were searched and screened for papers (of any design) by 2 reviewers independently. The electronic database search was supplemented by manual searching. A total of 32 papers were identified, including studies on UK paediatric populations, studies on chronic illness in the UK, and international studies on chronic illness and children (including data from the UK). Most studies focussed on epilepsy, cancer, diabetes or asthma. Three categories of impact were identified: ( a) impact of policy response on the delivery of and access to child healthcare ( b) impact of innovative practice on children’s physical and mental health ( c) impact of service restrictions on children’s physical health. Our results showed that policy response to the pandemic significantly affected healthcare provision for children with chronic illness in the UK. However, the specific assessment of the impact of service restrictions and innovative practice on children’s health and wellbeing is limited. Future research is required to fill knowledge gaps on changes in access to effective diagnostic and treatment investigations and their impact on a range of paediatric patients during the pandemic.