bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Papel do Controller no Planejamento Estratégico de uma Empresa
Authors: Alves Renata Louise , Macêdo Maria Erilúcia Cruz
Published: January 2019

O presente trabalho tem como tema “O papel do Controller no planejamento estratégico de uma empresa”, abordando a controladoria como a evolução da contabilidade, voltado para disponibilizar informações de controle, evidenciando os custos, receitas e despesas das demonstrações, para tomada de decisão dos gestores. Neste contexto intuito deste trabalho é evidenciar a importância do Controller e suas técnicas, e como elas afetam positivamente no planejamento estratégico de uma empresa, bem como, conceituar controladoria; identificar o perfil do Controller; e apresentar as funções e atribuições que cabem a Controladoria e ao Controller. Para a realização deste trabalho foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva e qualitativa, tendo como instrumento o referencial teórico já produzido em livros, revistas, artigos e demais publicações. Por fim, as pesquisas mostram a existência de um novo perfil da controladoria como ferramenta chave na orientação dos gestores, garantindo informações tempestivas e relevantes no processo de tomada de decisões.
A Contribuição do Lúdico na Educação Infantil
Authors: Santos Naiara Stéfane Soares , Coutinho Marta Callou Barros , Sobral Maria do Socorro Cecilio
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir e analisar as contribuições do lúdico na prática pedagógica dos professores da educação infantil. A metodologia utilizada foi à revisão bibliográfica, nas bases de dados da CAPES e Scielo dos últimos dez anos, em livros e publicações cientificas. Os resultados do estudo apontaram na direção de que o lúdico é  utilizado  pelos professores para auxiliar nas práticas pedagógicas  e pode ajudar a facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos, para alcançar a qualidade desejada em sala de aula. A Contribuição da pesquisa foi como reflexão sobre como as atividades lúdicas ajudam na construção do conhecimento e podem revelar diferentes tipos de sentimentos, levando  aos poucos  a criança a aceitar a existência do outro e o quanto o educador deve usar e abusar dessa ferramenta na sua prática para melhor conduzir o processo de ensino aprendizagem do estudante.
Incidência e Caracterização dos Casos de Sífilis Congênita na Maternidade de um Hospital do Sudoeste Baiano
Authors: Azevedo Débora Maria Santos , Reis Rosilaine Barbosa Silva , Teles Mauro Fernandes
Published: January 2019

Dentre as diversas doenças que podem ser transmitidas durante a gestação, a sífilis aponta as maiores taxas de transmissão. Embora seja uma doença com tratamento simples e de fácil acesso, ainda segue como um grave problema de saúde pública. A sífilis congênita advém da gestante infectada resultando na disseminação hematogênica do Treponema pallidum por meio da via placentária para o feto. É classificada como doença de notificação compulsória para fins de vigilância epidemiológica, devendo ser notificada em uma ficha de notificação e/ou investigação. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a incidência e caracterização dos casos de sífilis congênita, na maternidade de um hospital do sudoeste baiano. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva transversal em que a população do estudo compreendeu todos os casos investigados e notificados no ano de 2017. O principal instrumento para coleta de dados foi a ficha de notificação/investigação de sífilis congênita do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), onde foram retiradas todas informações dos casos de sífilis congênita. Foram notificados um total de 60 casos de sífilis congênita, com incidência estimada de 1,35 casos por mil nascidos vivos. Os resultados demonstraram associação com a variável cor materna parda (67,3%). Foi observado deficiência quanto ao preenchimento da ficha de notificação, levando a um número significativo de dados faltantes, o que corrobora a necessidade de desenvolver estratégias para aprimorar a qualidade dos sistemas de saúde. Os dados evidenciaram ainda, existir desafios para o alcance da erradicação da sífilis congênita, uma vez que é crescente o número de casos no país.
Endividamento e Alavancagem Financeira
Authors: Correia Alisson Gomes , Ganzarolli Tiago Figueiredo de Moura
Published: January 2019

A pesquisa em questão objetivou compreender a importância que tem a controladoria na gestão de uma empresa da região do Cariri, destacando o surgimento e a evolução da controladoria, analisando de que forma esta área contribui para o desenvolvimento da empresa, estabelecendo como esta ferramenta atua na gestão de uma empresa e descrevendo quais os instrumentos utilizados pela controladoria na gestão de uma empresa. As empresas diante do atual cenário do mercado competitivo procuram cada vez mais se destacaram, na tentativa de atender às necessidades impostas pelo mercado; aumento da lucratividade e crescimento. A controladoria representa uma ferramenta que vai auxiliar os gestores das empresas para o progresso organizacional, gerando um equilíbrio na organização e auxiliando também no processo de tomada de decisões. A controladoria nas empresas atua por meio da utilização de demonstrações contábeis e também de instrumentos que vão contribuir para a análise econômico-financeira da organização. Para alcançar os objetivos da pesquisa, utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa, de cunho exploratório e de caráter bibliográfico e documental.
A favor da boa Escrita Científica
Authors: Oliveira Gislene Farias de , Fernandes Rivalina Maria Macêdo
Published: January 2019

A necessidade de comunicação é uma realidade. Pesquisadores precisam comunicar seus achados com a sociedade, em geral através de artigos científicos, comments, papers, dentre outras modalidades. Um artigo pode ser difícil de produzir, pois o pesquisador precisa descrever com precisão toda informação da sua pesquisa, ao mesmo tempo em que deve tornar o texto suficientemente acessível a um público não especializado.
Balanceamento do número de Sílabas e Haplologia atuando no processo do Portmanteau
Authors: Braga Emerson Viana , Pacheco Vera
Published: January 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a formação de palavras pela sobreposição de duas bases, conhecida como portmanteau, bem como a aplicação do fenômeno fonológico da haplologia nessa junção das bases, sob a hipótese de uma atuação do balanceamento de sílabas entre essas bases. Utilizamos a teoria morfofonológica item e arranjo que consiste na análise dos constituintes da palavra formada. Por meio das análises, há uma tendência de eliminação de sílaba, na formação de palavras por portmanteau, para haver uma balanceamento do número de sílabas das bases envolvidas na nova palavra formada, como pode-se verificar na palavra chafé, combinação de chá + café. A eliminação da sílaba [ka] da base café, tornando-a monossílaba como a outra base envolvida no processo chá, ocasiona um balanceamento do número de sílabas das bases formadoras de novas palavras, ou seja, ambas ficam com uma sílaba. Evidencia-se, portanto, que regras fonológicas de balanceamento de número de sílabas e haplologia ocorrem nos processos de formação de palavras como o portmanteau.
Effects of Airline Industry Growth on Pilot Training
Authors: Valenta Viktor
Published: January 2019

The rapid airline growth in recent years sparked debates about global pilot shortage. Interest of talented individuals to join the aviation industry may be affected by unstable remuneration and rising cost of training. This article evaluates pilots supply and demand. The cost of initial pilot training is compared between 2007 and 2017. The airline industry growth in the last decade is described and collated with evolution of labor cost and pilots’ pay. Increasing pilot demand puts pressure on efficiency of training. Current training methods are reviewed. A development of new strategies is suggested in order to meet airline industry needs.
The role of Adrb2 gene polymorphisms Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases in children from Belarus
Authors: Chakova N. , Volovik N. , Niyazova N. , Bialiayeva L. , Mikulchyk N. , Buza D. , Mytko  Yu.
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of ADRB2 gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases in children from Belarus. A total of 276 children with atopic BA, 111 patients with atopic dermatitis and control sample from Belarus were analyzed. PCR-RFLP method was used for studying polymorphisms Arg16Gly (rs1042713) and Gln27Glu (rs1042714) of the ADRB2 coding β2-adrenoreceptor. The association of the 16Gly allele of polymorphic variant Arg16Gly with an increased risk of atopic diseases was found (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.01–1.63). The genotype 16ArgArg is protective for the development of pathology (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.79). The association of the genotype 27GluGlu of polymorphism Gln27Glu with predisposition to atopic dermatitis (OR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.09–3.30) and a decrease in the probability of bronchial asthma addition (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.28–0.80) was revealed. The results obtained can be used to predict the atopic diseases onset and course.
Character of distribution of immunological indicators in patients with average and severe forms of acne
Authors: Ryabova V. , Koshkin S. , Zaitseva G. , Evseeva A.
Published: January 2019

Purpose. To study the distribution of class I antigens in the general group and in the groups of patients allocated depending on the severity of the clinical picture of acne. To establish the presence of an associative association of severe forms of acne with the antigens of the Class I HLA complex. Materials and methods. The character of the distribution of class I HLA antigens was studied by a standard microlymphotoxic test in 56 patients with papulopustular and nodulocystic forms of acne. Results. HLA-A3 and B35 antigens and intralocuss combinations of HLA A2-A3 and HLA A2-Ax can be regarded as protective immunogenetic markers, and combinations of HLA A2-B7, HLA A1-B17, HLA A2-B12 as papulopustular and nodulocystic forms of the disease. Conclusion. The presence of an associative connection of severe and moderate forms of acne with the histocompatibility antigens of the Class I HLA complex has been identified, which allows to consider the clinical polymorphism of acne from the perspective of endogenous determinism.
ASUPAN VITAMIN D, KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR PADA ANAK STUNTING DAN TIDAK STUNTING USIA 12-24 BULAN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Chairunnisa Estillyta , Kusumastuti Aryu Candra , Panunggal Binar
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang banyak ditemukan pada anak di negara berkembang seperti di Indonesia. Stunting yaitu gangguan pertumbuhan disebabkan kekurangan gizi kronis berdasarkan nilai z-score panjang badan menurut umur kurang dari -2 SD. Kecukupan asupan zat gizi mikro yang tidak adekuat menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab terjadi stunting pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan asupan vitamin D, kalsium dan fosfor pada anak  stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case-control. Subjek adalah anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan di Kelurahan Rowosari dan Meteseh, Semarang. Total subjek pada masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol sejumlah 40 orang. Pengambilan subjek menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Data asupan zat gizi diperoleh dengan menggunakan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Analisis zat gizi menggunakan software NutriSurvey. Analisis data secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi Square, Fisher’s exact dan regresi logistik ganda.Hasil : Rerata asupan kalsium dan fosfor pada kelompok kasus sebesar 303,3±2,8 mg dan 440,1±1,9 mg sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 606±3 mg dan 662±2,5 mg. Rerata asupan vitamin D pada kelompok kasus sebesar 2,2±3,3 mcg dan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 4,8±4,1 mcg. Terdapat perbedaan antara asupan kalsium (p=0,003; OR=4,5) dan fosfor (p=0,001; OR=13,5) pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan vitamin D antara anak stunting dan tidak stunting (p=0,615; OR=3,162).Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan antara asupan kalsium dan fosfor pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 12-24 bulan.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN VITAMIN C, VITAMIN E DAN Β-KAROTEN DENGAN KADAR GULA DARAH PUASA PADA WANITA USIA 35-50 TAHUN
Authors: Fitriani Luthfia Indra , Murbawani Etisa Adi , Nissa Choirun
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Vitamin C, vitamin E dan β-karoten, yang merupakan bagian dari antioksidan non-enzimatik, memiliki peran besar dalam membantu melawan radikal bebas atau Reactive Oxygen/ Nitrogen Species (ROS/ RNS) yang menyerang tubuh. Vitamin C, vitamin E dan β-karoten dapat membantu dalam mengurangi risiko terjadinya resistensi insulin akibat dari ROS/ RNS yang merusak sel β pankreas. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan asupan vitamin C, vitamin E dan β-karoten dengan kadar gula darah puasa pada wanita usia 35-50 tahun.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Tiga puluh dua subjek dipilih dengan metode consecutive sampling. Data asupan diperoleh melalui Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, kadar gula darah diuji dengan metode Glucose Oxidation, dan data aktivitas fisik diperoleh melalui International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Long Form. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Rank-Spearman.Hasil : Rerata kadar gula darah puasa subjek 99,50±23,91 mg/dL dengan rerata asupan vitamin C 187,06±160,27 mg, vitamin E 9,18±4,46 mg dan β-karoten 13,32±12,86 mg. Sebesar 78,12% subjek memiliki asupan vitamin E yang kurang; 87,5% subjek dan 71,87% subjek memiliki asupan vitamin C dan β-karoten yang cukup.Simpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan asupan vitamin C, vitamin E dan β-karoten dengan kadar gula darah puasa pada wanita usia 35-50 tahun.
DAMPAK TRANSPORTASI BERBASIS APLIKASI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Rakhmatulloh Anita Ratnasari , Tyas Wido Prananing , Subianto Muhammad Hendardi
Published: January 2019

Pesatnya perkembangan transportasi daring disebabkan oleh pelayanan transportasi publik yang belum mampu menjangkau seluruh wilayah di Kota Semarang. Selain itu, didukung dengan permintaan terhadap transportasi daring tinggi.  Dalam beroperasi, transportasi daring ini membutuhkan operator sebagai pengemudi, kebutuhan pengemudi inilah yang memberikan peluang pekerjaan bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis statistik deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari kehadiran transportasi daring terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja. Penyerapan tenaga kerja pada operator transportasi daring diharapkan dapat menyerap pengemudi ojek konvensional dan membuka lapangan kerja bagi yang belum mempunyai pekerjaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dari total keseluruhan jumlah pengemudi transportasi daring dapat menyerap dan mempekerjakan sebesar 2% tenaga kerja yang sebelumnya tidak memiliki pekerjaan. Tenaga kerja yang terserap sebagian besar adalah penduduk yang telah memiliki pekerjaan kemudian beralih untuk menjadi pengemudi transportasi daring.
Calculus of variations: A differential form approach
Authors: Sil Swarnendu
Published: January 2019

We study integrals of the form

∫
Ω

f
⁢

(

d
⁢

ω
1

,
…
,

d
⁢

ω
m

)

{\int_{\Omega}f(d\omega_{1},\dots,d\omega_{m})}

, where

m
≥
1

{m\geq 1}

is a given integer,

1
≤

k
i

≤
n

{1\leq k_{i}\leq n}

are integers,

ω
i

{\omega_{i}}

is a

(

k
i

-
1

)

{(k_{i}-1)}

-form
for all

1
≤
i
≤
m

{1\leq i\leq m}

and

f
:

∏

i
=
1

m

Λ

k
i

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

→
ℝ

{f:\prod_{i=1}^{m}\Lambda^{k_{i}}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\rightarrow\mathbb{R}}

is a continuous function. We introduce the appropriate notions of convexity, namely vectorial ext. one convexity, vectorial ext.
quasiconvexity and vectorial ext. polyconvexity. We prove weak lower semicontinuity theorems and weak continuity theorems and conclude with applications to minimization problems.
These results generalize the corresponding results in both classical vectorial calculus of variations and the calculus of variations for a single differential form.
Inhibitory activities of ethanolic extracts of two macrofungi against eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp.
Authors: Nwofor Somtochukwu C. , Morenikeji Olajumoke A. , Morenike Adeoye-Isijola O. , Oyeyemi Oyetunde T.
Published: January 2019

Fascioliasis is a disease of livestock which is now recognized as an emerging disease in humans. Cantharellus cibarius and Ganoderma applanatum are known for their medicinal properties. The use of ethanolic extracts of these macrofungi against the eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp. is a promising method to break the parasite transmission cycle. The aim of the study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of ethanolic extracts of the mushrooms on eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp. Concentrated eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp. were exposed to different concentrations (1-8 mg/ml) of extracts of Ganoderma applanatum (GEE) and Cantharellus cibarius (CEE) at different time intervals. GEE showed superior antiparasitic activities when compared to CEE at all concentrations tested. Significant positive correlations were observed between the concentration of GEE and mortality in miracidia (r=0.980, P <0.05) and CEE and mortality in miracidia (r= 0.968, P <0.05). The study showed that ethanolic extracts of G. applanatum and C. cibarius have ovicidal and miracicidal activities. While G. applanatum showed excellent activities, activities in C. cibarius were moderate. Therefore, these mushroom extracts can be regarded as promising sources of bioactive compounds that could be developed into ovicides and miracicides.
Beyond Neoclassical Economics: The Impact of Religion on the Economic Disparity Between Georgia and Estonia
Authors: Mgaloblishvili Anastasia
Published: January 2019

The aim of this article is to examine the impact religion has had on the post-Soviet economic development of Georgia and Estonia. The role of religion in economic development has been neglected in the field of social sciences, in which political and economic theories dominate. Considering the difference in the religiosity of the two countries—Georgia is one of the most religious countries in Europe while Estonia is the most atheist—religion will be incorporated as a factor that could have directly or indirectly impacted the post-Soviet development of the two countries. By studying the relationship of the church and the state in the two countries and the population’s economic attitudes that may have been influenced by their religiosity, this paper will conclude that religion can be considered a contributing factor in the economic divergence between Estonia and Georgia. The article’s overall findings will suggest that the practice of Eastern Orthodoxy in Georgia impedes the development of good governance and a free market economy, whereas the opposite holds for Protestantism or atheism in Estonia.
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive features of Bryonia alba L.: As a possible alternative in treating rheumatism
Authors: Ilhan Mert , Dereli Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç , Tümen Ibrahim , Akkol Esra Küpeli
Published: January 2019

Bryonia species have traditionally been used as a diuretic and laxative, to reduce edema and relieve joint pain. B. alba roots are used especially to treat rheumatic pain and applied to painful joints in Turkish folk medicine. B. alba roots were extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol, successively. The carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model and the Whittle method were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts in mice. The p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test and tail flick test were used to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the extracts in mice. DPPH-radical-scavenging activity, ABTS radical–scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, and hydroxyl radical– scavenging activity were assessed. Furthermore, the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were calculated for all the extracts. The EtOAc extract prepared from B. alba roots had the most promising anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities. Moreover, it had high phenolic and flavonoid contents. Therefore, B. alba roots could be alternative treatment method for rheumatic disorders.
Olympic Gold
Authors: Rabinovich Daniel
Published: January 2019

The International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) is an annual worldwide competition for high school students in which their chemical knowledge and skills are tested through a series of theoretical and practical problems. The first IChO was held in Prague in 1968 with three teams of six students representing Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland. Humble beginnings perhaps, but interest in the IChO rose quickly and, by 1980, a total of 52 competitors from 13 countries attended the 12th IChO, held for the first time outside Eastern Europe, in Linz, Austria. Participation expanded steadily in the ensuing years and 186 students from 47 countries were present at the 30th IChO in Melbourne, Australia, in 1998.
Measurement and Impact Factors of Speed of Reviews and Integration in Continuous Software Engineering
Authors: Staron Miroslaw , Meding Wilhelm , Söder Ola , Bäck Magnus
Published: January 2019

Continuous integration and continuous software deployment depend on the mix of automated and manual activities. The automated build and test processes are often intertwined with manual reviews and bug-fixing activities. In this paper, we set o to study how these manual and automated activities influence the speed of reviews and integration. We conduct a case study of two companies developing embedded software, measure the time required for reviewing and integrating software code (alias speed), and conduct a workshop to identify factors which explain the quantitative results. Our results show that the measurement of speed is a good alias for calendar time and triggers improvements better than using measures for velocity. We have also found that the distribution of code repositories, frequent reminders and team proximity decrease the time needed to deploy the software. Our findings are that there is a difference in the structure of code repositories between the fast and slow integration cases, which contributes to the debate on the pros and cons of different repository structures in modern companies.
Comparative Analysis of Object-Oriented Software Maintainability Prediction Models
Authors: Zighed Narimane , Bounour Nora , Seriai Abdelhak-Djamel
Published: January 2019

Software maintainability is one of the most important aspects when evaluating the quality of a software product. It is defined as the ease with which the existing software can be modified. In the literature, several researchers have proposed a large number of models to measure and predict maintainability throughout different phases of the Software Development Life Cycle. However, only a few attempts have been made for conducting a comparative study of the existent proposed prediction models. In this paper, we present a detailed classification and conduct a comparative analysis of Object-Oriented software maintainability prediction models. Furthermore, we considered the aforementioned proposed models from three perspectives, which are architecture, design and code levels. To the best of our knowledge, such an analysis that comprises the three levels has not been conducted in previous research. Moreover, this study hints at certain fundamental basics concerning the way of how measure the maintainability knowing that at each level the maintainability will be measured differently. In addition, we will focus on the strengths and weaknesses of these models. Consequently, the comparative study yields that several statistical and machine learning techniques have been employed for software maintainability prediction at code level during the last decade, and each technique possesses its specific characteristic to develop an accurate prediction model. At the design level, the majority of the prediction models measured maintainability according to the characteristics of the quality models. Whereas at the architectural level, the techniques adopted are still limited and only a few of studies have been conducted in this regard.
Changes in sorption and electrical properties of wood caused by fungal decay
Authors: Brischke Christian , Stricker Simon , Meyer-Veltrup Linda , Emmerich Lukas
Published: January 2019

As wet wood is prone to degradation by wood-destroying fungi, the monitoring of the moisture content (MC) of wood can be used to quantify the risk of fungal infestation. Fungal decay alters the sorption and electrical conductivity of wood, and thus the goal of the present study was to measure the electrical resistance (R) of wood after fungal decay as a function of MC. Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) were submitted to decay by Coniophora puteana (a brown rot fungus, BR) and Trametes versicolor (a white rot fungus, WR) and the mass loss (ML) due to the fungal metabolism was measured. The sorption isotherms were determined by dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), and comparative gravimetric- and R-based MC measurements were conducted. BR and WR reduced the sorption of wood and lowered its R in the hygroscopic range, where the decay led to an overestimation of wood MC, while wood MC was dramatically underestimated above fiber saturation (FS). Specimens showed an MC well above FS if measured directly after harvesting and an increased R compared to undecayed wood at a given MC. BR-decayed specimens were dried and rewetted, and such specimens showed an elevated R beyond FS. In the case of WR-decayed wood, the R was reduced at a given MC.
Monitoring of Chemical Changes in Red Lentil Seeds during The Germination Process
Authors: Szedljak Ildikó , Kovács Anikó , Kun-Farkas Gabriella , Bernhardt Botond , Králik Szabina , Szántai-Kőhegyi Katalin
Published: January 2019

Red lentils are a very important raw material in the food industry due to their high protein content and high level of health-promoting components. The nutritive value of red lentils is the most important attribute from a research point of view; it can be increased by germination, soaking as well as physical and biochemical processes. The antinutritive materials are reduced or denatured by the germination process and indigestible components become available to the human body. Heat treatment was applied to achieve different temperatures and increase the microbiological stability of germinating samples. The effect of heat treatment on the amounts of certain components and the activity of oxidative enzymes was tested during our experiments; the nutritional characteristics (water-soluble total polyphenol content (WSTPC), water-soluble protein content (WSPC), water-soluble antioxidant capacity, in addition to peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities) of different treatments in red lentil samples were monitored. The WSTPC in our samples ranged from 0.726 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent GAE/g DW (DW being dry weight) to 1.089 mg GAE/g DW, and the WSPC varied from 19.078 g / 100g DW to 29.692 g / 100 g DW. Results showed that germination led to an increase in the WSTPC and WSPC. The peroxidase enzyme activity also exhibited an increase during germination which could result in deepening of the colour of the finished products. Germination resulted in the water-soluble antioxidant capacity of red lentil samples decreasing.
Recovery of Itaconic Acid by Electrodialysis
Authors: Varga Veronika , Bélafi-Bakó Katalin , Vozik Dávid , Nemestóthy Nándor
Published: January 2019

Itaconic acid is an organic acid produced mainly for non-food purposes. It can be manufactured by biotechnological synthesis using various strains which results in the salt form of the acid. In this work, the separation of sodium itaconate by electrodialysis was studied. Homopolar cation- and anion-selective membranes were applied and the module was operated under a constant voltage. The transport of the acid was followed by on-line ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, where the detector was installed in the system. The experiments with models of aqueous solutions confirmed that the technique is suitable for the effective recovery of itaconic acid.
The well-posedness of solution to a compressible non-Newtonian fluid with self-gravitational potential
Authors: Song Yukun , Chen Shuai , Liu Fengming
Published: January 2019

We study the initial boundary value problem of a compressible non-Newtonian fluid. The system describes the motion of the compressible viscous isentropic gas flow driven by the non-Newtonian self-gravitational force. The existence of strong solutions are derived in one dimensional bounded intervals by constructing a semi-discrete Galerkin scheme. Moreover, the uniqueness of solutions are also investigated. The main point of the study is that the viscosity term and potential term are fully nonlinear, and the initial vacuum is allowed.
Effects of Postactivation Potentiation After an Eccentric Overload Bout on Countermovement Jump and Lower-Limb Muscle Strength
Authors: Beato Marco , Stiff Adam , Coratella Giuseppe
Published: January 2019

Beato, M, Stiff, A, and Coratella, G. Effects of postactivation potentiation after an eccentric overload bout on countermovement jump and lower-limb muscle strength. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1825–1832, 2021—This study aimed to evaluate the postactivation potentiation (PAP) effects of an eccentric overload (EOL) exercise on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and isokinetic lower-limb muscle strength. Eighteen active men (mean ± SD, age 20.2 ± 1.4 years, body mass 71.6 ± 8 kg, and height 178 ± 7 cm) were involved in a randomized, crossover study. The subjects performed 3 sets per 6 repetitions of EOL half squats at maximal power using a flywheel ergometer. Postactivation potentiation using an EOL exercise was compared with a control condition (10-minute cycling at 1 W·kg−1). Countermovement jump height, peak power, impulse, and force were recorded at 15 seconds, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 minutes after an EOL exercise or control. Furthermore, quadriceps and hamstrings isokinetic strength were performed. Postactivation potentiation vs. control reported a meaningful difference for CMJ height after 3 minutes (effect size [ES] = 0.68, p = 0.002), 5 minutes (ES = 0.58, p = 0.008), 7 minutes (ES = 0.57, p = 0.022), and 9 minutes (ES = 0.61, p = 0.002), peak power after 1 minute (ES = 0.22, p = 0.040), 3 minutes (ES = 0.44, p = 0.009), 5 minutes (ES = 0.40, p = 0.002), 7 minutes (ES = 0.29, p = 0.011), and 9 minutes (ES = 0.30, p = 0.008), as well as quadriceps concentric, hamstrings concentric, and hamstrings eccentric peak torque (ES = 0.13, p = 0.001, ES = 0.24, p = 0.003, and ES = 0.22, p = 003, respectively) after 3–9 minutes of rest. In conclusion, the present outcomes highlight that PAP using an EOL bout improves height, peak power, impulse, and peak force during CMJ, as well as quadriceps and hamstrings isokinetic strength in male athletes. Moreover, the optimal time window for the PAP was found from 3 to 9 minutes.
Development of Crack Arrest Temperature Test Method by Using a Local Temperature Gradient
Authors: An Gyubaek , Bae Hong-Yeol , Park Jeong-Ung
Published: January 2019

This study evaluated the brittle Crack Arrest Temperature (CAT) through an isothermal crack arrest test. Generally, the embrittled zone is required in a CAT test. According to conventional studies, the test method consists of arresting a double tension–type brittle crack with an Electron Beam melt-run, which acts as a crack initiator and crack runway. However, conventional CAT test methods have disadvantages in that they need additional processes to create an embrittled zone with Electron Beam Welding (EBW). A Local Temperature Gradient (LTG) system is developed to overcome the limitations of the conventional EBW embrittlement CAT test method. LTG systems do not require additional EBW to develop a brittle zone to initiate a brittle crack. In a LTG system, the LTG method is proposed instead of EBW to create the embrittled zone. The LTG system is free of flaws. In EBW, it is impossible to perform accurate CAT tests because the presence of defects affects the brittle crack arrest. In this study, a new CAT test method is introduced to evaluate brittle CATs more easily. Furthermore, both test methods were compared for the same specimens to verify the validity of the test method.
Cardiolipin-Dependent Mitophagy Guides Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Chao Honglu , Lin Chao , Zuo Qiang , Liu Yinlong , Xiao Mengqing , Xu Xiupeng , Li Zheng , Bao Zhongyuan , Chen Huimei , You Yongping , Kochanek Patrick M. , Yin Huiyong , Liu Ning , Kagan Valerian E. , Bayır Hülya , Ji Jing
Published: January 2019

Mitochondrial energy production is essential for normal brain function. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases brain energy demands, results in the activation of mitochondrial respiration, associated with enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species. This chain of events triggers neuronal apoptosis via oxidation of a mitochondria-specific phospholipid, cardiolipin (CL). One pathway through which cells can avoid apoptosis is via elimination of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy. Previously, we showed that externalization of CL to the mitochondrial surface acts as an elimination signal in cells. Whether CL-mediated mitophagy occursin vivoor its significance in the disease processes are not known. In this study, we showed that TBI leads to increased mitophagy in the human brain, which was also detected using TBI models in male rats. Knockdown of CL synthase, responsible forde novosynthesis of CL, or phospholipid scramblase-3, responsible for CL translocation to the outer mitochondrial membrane, significantly decreased TBI-induced mitophagy. Inhibition of mitochondrial clearance by 3-methyladenine, mdivi-1, or phospholipid scramblase-3 knockdown after TBI led to a worse outcome, suggesting that mitophagy is beneficial. Together, our findings indicate that TBI-induced mitophagy is an endogenous neuroprotective process that is directed by CL, which marks damaged mitochondria for elimination, thereby limiting neuronal death and behavioral deficits.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTraumatic brain injury (TBI) increases energy demands leading to activation of mitochondrial respiration associated with enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species and resultant damage to mitochondria. We demonstrate that the complete elimination of irreparably damaged organelles via mitophagy is activated as an early response to TBI. This response includes translocation of mitochondria phospholipid cardiolipin from the inner membrane to the outer membrane where externalized cardiolipin mediates targeted protein light chain 3-mediated autophagy of damaged mitochondria. Our data on targeting phospholipid scramblase and cardiolipin synthase in genetically manipulated cells and animals strongly support the essential role of cardiolipin externalization mechanisms in the endogenous reparative plasticity of injured brain cells. Furthermore, successful execution and completion of mitophagy is beneficial in the context of preservation of cognitive functions after TBI.
Loci Contributing to Boric Acid Toxicity in Two Reference Populations ofDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Najarro Michael A , Hackett Jennifer L , Macdonald Stuart J
Published: January 2019

Populations maintain considerable segregating variation in the response to toxic, xenobiotic compounds. To identify variants associated with resistance to boric acid, a commonly-used household insecticide with a poorly understood mechanism of action, we assayed thousands of individuals from hundreds of strains. Using the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource (DSPR), a multi-parental population (MPP) of inbred genotypes, we mapped six QTL to short genomic regions containing few protein-coding genes (3–188), allowing us to identify plausible candidate genes underlying resistance to boric acid toxicity. One interval contains multiple genes from the cytochrome P450 family, and we show that ubiquitous RNAi of one of these genes, Cyp9b2, markedly reduces resistance to the toxin. Resistance to boric acid is positively correlated with caffeine resistance. The two phenotypes additionally share a pair of QTL, potentially suggesting a degree of pleiotropy in the genetic control of resistance to these two distinct xenobiotics. Finally, we screened the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) in an attempt to identify sequence variants within mapped QTL that are associated with boric acid resistance. The approach was largely unsuccessful, with only one QTL showing any associations at QTL-specific 20% False Discovery Rate (FDR) thresholds. Nonetheless, these associations point to a potential candidate gene that can be targeted in future validation efforts. Although the mapping data resulting from the two reference populations do not clearly overlap, our work provides a starting point for further genetic dissection of the processes underlying boric acid toxicity in insects.
Inbred Strain Variant Database (ISVdb): A Repository for Probabilistically Informed Sequence Differences Among the Collaborative Cross Strains and Their Founders
Authors: Oreper Daniel , Cai Yanwei , Tarantino Lisa M , de Villena Fernando Pardo-Manuel , Valdar William
Published: January 2019

The Collaborative Cross (CC) is a panel of recently established multiparental recombinant inbred mouse strains. For the CC, as for any multiparental population (MPP), effective experimental design and analysis benefit from detailed knowledge of the genetic differences between strains. Such differences can be directly determined by sequencing, but until now whole-genome sequencing was not publicly available for individual CC strains. An alternative and complementary approach is to infer genetic differences by combining two pieces of information: probabilistic estimates of the CC haplotype mosaic from a custom genotyping array, and probabilistic variant calls from sequencing of the CC founders. The computation for this inference, especially when performed genome-wide, can be intricate and time-consuming, requiring the researcher to generate nontrivial and potentially error-prone scripts. To provide standardized, easy-to-access CC sequence information, we have developed the Inbred Strain Variant Database (ISVdb). The ISVdb provides, for all the exonic variants from the Sanger Institute mouse sequencing dataset, direct sequence information for CC founders and, critically, the imputed sequence information for CC strains. Notably, the ISVdb also: (1) provides predicted variant consequence metadata; (2) allows rapid simulation of F1 populations; and (3) preserves imputation uncertainty, which will allow imputed data to be refined in the future as additional sequencing and genotyping data are collected. The ISVdb information is housed in an SQL database and is easily accessible through a custom online interface (http://isvdb.unc.edu), reducing the analytic burden on any researcher using the CC.
Josep Fontana: recuerdos de un amigo, lecciones de un maestro
Authors: Gil Zúñiga José Daniel
Published: January 2019

Duro en la crítica, pero nunca malintencionado. Su actitud era la de un maestro. Criticaba para corregir, para forjar y formar buenos historiadores, buenos ciudadanos. Tenía claro cuál era su función dentro de la sociedad en la cual vivía, tenía muy claro cuál era el papel del historiador en la encrucijada mundial actual y para qué servía el análisis en perspectiva histórica. Lapidario como él solo, con una agudeza mental y con una sólida formación destrozaba enemigos y argumentos con una facilidad enorme y con un sarcasmo que le salía con elegancia.
Los cursos virtuales y bimodales como herramienta para la actualización de docentes de Estudios Sociales y Educación Cívica
Authors: Barquero Ruiz Alejandra
Published: January 2019

El presente trabajo expone los resultados obtenidos en el seno del proyecto de Educación Continua Bimodal impulsado por la Escuela de Historia de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA) durante el año 2017. Dicho proyecto tiene una vigencia de tres años, iniciándose el trabajo en el 2016. El proyecto tiene como objetivo la implementación de cursos virtuales y bimodales como estrategia de actualización para el profesorado de Estudios Sociales y Educación Cívica. La actividad académica se ha valorado de forma positiva al brindar a las y los docentes de todo el país opciones de actualización utilizando recursos tecnológicos, permitiendo combinar sus labores cotidianas con actividades de actualización que pueden aplicar en el lugar y tiempo que deseen. Por lo tanto, los cursos que combinan la virtualidad con el aprendizaje híbrido –blended learning– se vuelven cada vez más necesarios en los contextos universitarios como una forma de extensión del trabajo académico y de apoyo a la comunidad graduada.
“I had a big revelation”: Student Experiences in Community- First Community-Campus Engagement
Authors: Przednowek Anna , Goemans Magdalene , Wilson Amanda
Published: January 2019

While there is a wealth of literature on community-campus engagement (CCE) that incorporates student perspectives from course-based community service learning settings, the stories of students involved in longer-term CCE projects remain underexplored. This paper addresses this gap by examining the experiences of students working as research assistants (RAs) within a multi-year Canadian CCE project, “Community First: Impacts of Community Engagement” (CFICE). Drawing on interviews with RAs, student insights from a general evaluation of the CFICE project, and the authors’ own reflections, we consider the ways in which meaningful, long-standing engagements with community partners as part of community-first CCE projects provide students with both enhanced opportunities and challenges as they navigate the complexities of intersecting academic and community worlds. Further, this paper identifies promising practices to improve student experiences and the overall impact of longer-term community-campus partnerships and program management structures.
A literatura infantil entre a experiência estética e a educação moral
Authors: Ghiggi Gomercindo , Chaves Priscila Monteiro , Schneider Daniela da Cruz
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo tem por finalidade propor uma problematização acerca da dimensão moral abordada pela literatura infantil na educação escolar, entrecruzada com a formação do leitor, enquanto sujeito no ato pedagógico. Interroga-se aqui a intensificação da moral nas práticas educativas em que a literatura infantil perde sua potência ética-estética para alinhar-se com uma proposição de doutrina moral. Por meio de uma pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica, de cunho filosófico, a argumentação é estruturada pela perspectiva de Walter Benjamin – pela referência ao conceito de experiência – e Michel Foucault – no que tange à compreensão de moral como contraponto à ética e à conjugação com a noção de tecnologias do eu, bem como a apropriação de Jorge Larrosa do mesmo conceito.
Uma mirada sobre a produção científica nacional acerca do financiamento da educação
Authors: Esquinsani Rosimar Serena Siqueira , Pavan Rafael
Published: January 2019

O texto parte das seguintes questões: o protagonismo legal do tema ‘financiamento da educação’ reverbera na produção científica nacional? A academia tem dedicado esforços e espaço para pesquisas sobre o financiamento da educação, de modo a compreender os movimentos e arenas em torno dos quais o mesmo tem se constituído? Quais os assuntos emergentes ligados ao financiamento? E as eventuais lacunas? Para responder essas questões, elaborou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com o objetivo de identificar e situar parte da produção científica nacional acerca do financiamento da educação, estabelecendo temas, tendências e lacunas. Foi realizado um levantamento junto ao Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, chegando-se a um conjunto de 149 artigos. Tal corpus documental foi examinado a partir da metodologia analítico-reconstrutiva, utilizando-se o procedimento da análise de conteúdo, através da técnica da análise temática, inserindo a pesquisa na perspectiva do ‘Estado do Conhecimento’. No que diz respeito ao exame dos artigos, foram estabelecidas três unidades: 1) o assunto; 2) a arena política e, 3) a análise procedimental e metodológica. Como conclusão, é possível indicar que as pesquisas sobre financiamento da educação – representadas em parte da produção científica nacional analisada – evidenciam: a) uma grande quantidade de artigos que discutem o financiamento aplicado aos diferentes níveis, etapas e modalidades da educação nacional; b) fica clara a perspectiva estado-centrista que a maioria dos textos carrega; c) é igualmente evidente a análise conjuntural é a mais utilizada. Por fim, assume-se que o tema ‘financiamento da educação’ ainda tem pouco lastro na produção acadêmica veiculada em periódicos não-especializados, quando comparado com outros temas.
On Fundamentos de defectología and the development of Special Education teachers in Brazil
Authors: Costas Fabiane Adela Tonetto , Selau Bento
Published: January 2019

This text aimed at confirming whether the book Fundamentos de defectología (VYGOTSKI, 1997) constitutes the official documents that compose the National Policy on Special Education from the Perspective of Inclusive Education, issued by SECADI/MEC/Brazil. A search was conducted on its official didactic materials but this book was not found. A new search revealed that it was used as a reference to post-graduate final projects (three Master’s thesis and a doctoral dissertation), to Research Groups n. 15 – Special Education – and n. 20 – Psychology of Education – at ANPEd (a research and three discussion texts) and to books and journals (two book chapters and nine articles published by journals), totaling nineteen studies. Two of them refer to the book in the area of Teacher Education, specifically in specialized educational assistance, suggesting that it has been poorly disseminated in continuing Teacher Education.
Da normatização do aborto e suas externalidades
Authors: Silva Bruno Martins da Costa
Published: January 2019

No Brasil o debate acadêmico sobre os aspectos legais do aborto se dá por uma busca da fixação do “início da vida”. Tenta-se estabelecer quando a vida passa a ser uma vida humana e as implicações legais dessa transição. Mas afinal, o que é a vida humana? Uma condição biológica notada até mesmo nos embriões? A capacidade de sentir dor? Certo grau de atividade neurológica? Certo grau de consciência? É a capacidade de sobreviver fora do útero? Trata-se de uma perspectiva problemática e contraproducente, uma vez que visa encontrar resposta para um dilema existencial da própria humanidade. A proposta neste artigo é evitar tal controvérsia e se ater nas consequências práticas de uma legislação do tema do aborto.
Reflections on Eviatar Shulman’s Rethinking the Buddha: Early Buddhist Philosophy as Meditative Perception
Authors: Harvey Peter
Published: January 2019

Reflections on Eviatar Shulman’s Rethinking the Buddha: Early Buddhist Philosophy as Meditative Perception