bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melatonin alleviates the heat stress‐induced impairment of Sertoli cells by reprogramming glucose metabolism
Authors: Deng Cheng‐Chen , Zhang Ji‐Pan , Huo Yuan‐Nan , Xue Hong‐Yan , Wang Wenxiu , Zhang Jiao‐Jiao , Wang Xian‐Zhong
Published: July 2022

Sertoli cells (SCs) provide structural and nutritional support for developing germ cells. Normal glucose metabolism of SCs is necessary for spermatogenesis. Melatonin could alleviate the effects of heat stress on spermatogenesis. However, the influences of heat stress on glucose metabolism in SCs remain unclear, and the potential protective mechanisms of melatonin on SCs need more exploration. In this study, boar SCs were treated at 43°C for 30 min, and different concentrations of melatonin were added to protect SCs from heat stress‐induced impairment. These results showed that heat stress‐induced oxidative stress caused cell apoptosis, inhibited the pentose phosphate pathway, and decreased the ATP content. Furthermore, heat stress increased the expressions of glucose intake‐ and glycolytic‐related enzymes, which enhanced the glycolysis activity to compensate for the energy deficit. Melatonin relieved heat stress‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/NF‐E2‐related factor 2 signaling pathway to increase the capacity of antioxidants. In addition, melatonin enhanced heat‐shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression through melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B), thereby stabilizing hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α). Activation of the HIF‐1α signaling pathway enhanced glycolysis, promoted the pentose phosphate pathway, and increased cell viability. Our results suggest that melatonin reprograms glucose metabolism in SCs through the MTNR1B–HSP90–HIF‐1α axis and provides a theoretical basis for preventing heat stress injury.
Daytime rest: Association with 24‐h rest–activity cycles, circadian timing and cognition in older adults
Authors: Reyt Mathilde , Deantoni Michele , Baillet Marion , Lesoinne Alexia , Laloux Sophie , Lambot Eric , Demeuse Justine , Calaprice Chiara , LeGoff Caroline , Collette Fabienne , Vandewalle Gilles , Maquet Pierre , Muto Vincenzo , Hammad Grégory , Schmidt Christina
Published: July 2022

Growing epidemiological evidence points toward an association between fragmented 24‐h rest–activity cycles and cognition in the aged. Alterations in the circadian timing system might at least partially account for these observations. Here, we tested whether daytime rest (DTR) is associated with changes in concomitant 24‐h rest probability profiles, circadian timing and neurobehavioural outcomes in healthy older adults. Sixty‐three individuals (59–82 years) underwent field actigraphy monitoring, in‐lab dim light melatonin onset assessment and an extensive cognitive test battery. Actimetry recordings were used to measure DTR frequency, duration and timing and to extract 24‐h rest probability profiles. As expected, increasing DTR frequency was associated not only with higher rest probabilities during the day, but also with lower rest probabilities during the night, suggesting more fragmented night‐time rest. Higher DTR frequency was also associated with lower episodic memory performance. Moreover, later DTR timing went along with an advanced circadian phase as well as with an altered phase angle of entrainment between the rest–activity cycle and circadian phase. Our results suggest that different DTR characteristics, as reflective indices of wake fragmentation, are not only underlined by functional consequences on cognition, but also by circadian alteration in the aged.
Interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid analysis from recumbent cows using different thresholds of red blood cell count
Authors: Puerto‐Parada Maria , Arango‐Sabogal Juan Carlos , Bilodeau Marie‐Ève , Bédard Christian , Francoz David , Desrochers André , Nichols Sylvain , Fecteau Gilles
Published: July 2022

Background

Hemodilution of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) could confound interpretation of results. Accurately predicting total nucleated cells count (TNCC) and total protein concentration (TPC) attributable to hemodilution is difficult.

Objective

To determine the effects of hemodilution on TPC and TNCC in bovine CSF.

Methods

Retrospective review of CSF analysis results of downer dairy cows treated at Centre hospitalier universitaire vétérinaire between January 2006 and December 2014. Descriptive statistics were performed using 3 scenarios.

Results

Among the 235 samples included, red blood cell (RBC) count (RBCC) ranged from 0 to 869 220 RBC/μL (median = 6.6), TPC ranged from 0.04 to 6.51 g/L (median = 0.27), and TNCC ranged from 0 to 7500 cell/μL (median = 1.1). Among the 157 samples that had <30 RBC/μL (a threshold used in other species), TPC and TNCC varied between 0.13 and 1.06 g/L (median = 0.27) and between 0 and 31.4 cell/μL (median = 0.6), respectively. Eighty‐four samples had TPC <0.25 g/L and TNCC ≤4.5 cell/μL. Among those 84 samples, RBCC varied between 0 and 1290 RBC/μL (median = 4.7). In 20 samples, TNCC was 0 with a variation in RBCC between 0 and 840 RBC/μL (median = 3.9). No strong correlations between RBCC and TNCC and TPC were found.

Conclusions

A cutoff around 200 RBC/μL is proposed as clinically meaninful in bovine CSF. Results between 200 and 1290 RBC/μL are equivocal.
NARRATING THE NATION: Heterotopian Struggles forSelf‐Representationin the Cuban Diaspora
Authors: Cearns Jennifer
Published: July 2022

abstract

Miami's sizeable Cuban diaspora has long used museums and galleries to produce and preserve their sense of community, united through the loss inherent to exile. Recent influxes of migration from Cuba (and beyond) are increasingly interpreted as a threat to the cultural forms many consider an “authentic” preservation of something now lost to Castro's Revolution. Drawing upon fifteen months of ethnographic research within several of these organizations, this article argues that a recent proliferation of new museum spaces and their physical distribution across the city indicate growing anxieties and conflicts between diasporic cohorts. Drawing upon Foucault's concept ofheterotopias, the article maps these conflicts onto other measures of difference, such as ethnicity and socioeconomic class. The article concludes that hegemonic and normative public spaces are being weaponized in a diasporic struggle over Cuban identity, while newer arrivals are responding in kind through the inauguration of counter‐spaces of cultural representation.
Pathological substrate of memory impairment in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Miki Yasuo , Tanji Kunikazu , Shinnai Kana , Tanaka Makoto T. , Altay Firat , Foti Sandrine C. , Strand Catherine , Sasaki Takanori , Kon Tomoya , Shimoyama Shuji , Furukawa Tomonori , Nishijima Haruo , Yamazaki Hiromi , Asi Yasmine T. , Bettencourt Conceição , Jaunmuktane Zane , Tada Mari , Mori Fumiaki , Mizukami Hiroki , Tomiyama Masahiko , Lashuel Hilal A. , Lashley Tammaryn , Kakita Akiyoshi , Ling Helen , Lees Andrew J. , Holton Janice L. , Warner Thomas T. , Wakabayashi Koichi
Published: July 2022

Aims

Synaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease is caused by propagation of pathogenic α‐synuclein between neurons. Previously, in multiple system atrophy (MSA), pathologically characterised by ectopic deposition of abnormal α‐synuclein predominantly in oligodendrocytes, we demonstrated that the occurrence of memory impairment was associated with the number of α‐synuclein‐positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) in the hippocampus. In the present study, we aimed to investigate how abnormal α‐synuclein in the hippocampus can lead to memory impairment.

Methods

We performed pathological and biochemical analyses using a mouse model of adult‐onset MSA and human cases (MSA, N = 25; Parkinson's disease, N = 3; Alzheimer's disease, N = 2; normal controls, N = 11). In addition, the MSA model mice were examined behaviourally and physiologically.

Results

In the MSA model, inducible human α‐synuclein was first expressed in oligodendrocytes and subsequently accumulated in the cytoplasm of excitatory hippocampal neurons (NCI‐like structures) and their presynaptic nerve terminals with the development of memory impairment. α‐Synuclein oligomers increased simultaneously in the hippocampus of the MSA model. Hippocampal dendritic spines also decreased in number, followed by suppression of long‐term potentiation. Consistent with these findings obtained in the MSA model, post‐mortem analysis of human MSA brain tissues showed that cases of MSA with memory impairment developed more NCIs in excitatory hippocampal neurons along with α‐synuclein oligomers than those without.

Conclusions

Our results provide new insights into the role of α‐synuclein oligomers as a possible pathological cause of memory impairment in MSA.
Aerosol pollution alters the diurnal dynamics of sun and shade leaf photosynthesis through different mechanisms
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Wang Chengzhang , Wang Xin , Wang Bin , Wu Jin , Liu Lingli
Published: July 2022

Anthropogenic aerosols have been shown to perturb CO2 exchange between the vegetation and the atmosphere. However, the climate effects of aerosols through carbon cycle feedback still have significant uncertainties. Taking advantage of the periodic fluctuations of aerosol loading in Beijing, we intensively measured the diurnal course of leaf microclimates and photosynthesis under different aerosol conditions during the growing season in 2014 and 2015. We found that increasing aerosol loadings altered the diurnal course of microclimates and thus sun and shade leaf photosynthesis. Our mechanistic photosynthesis model experiments further showed that aerosol‐induced increase in sun leaf photosynthesis occurred around noon and afternoon, mainly by alleviating the depression of photosynthesis caused by high leaf temperature and leaf‐air vapour pressure deficit. Meanwhile, aerosols enhanced shade leaf photosynthesis throughout the day by mitigating the light limitation within the canopy, with the highest increase occurring around noon. Overall, our study suggested that aerosol's diffuse fertilization effect, cooling effect and the accompanying low leaf‐air vapour pressure deficit collectively drove the changes in the diurnal courses of sun and shade leaf photosynthesis. Our results provided an important benchmark for assessing how anthropogenic aerosols regulate ecosystem C balance under different meteorological conditions.
Embedded allocutivity in Basque
Authors: Haddican Bill , Etxeberria Urtzi
Published: July 2022

Recent work has described allocutive marking in finite embedded contexts in Tamil and Magahi, where allocutivity interacts with indexical shift. It has been proposed that allocutive marking reflects agreement with a silent addressee‐related DP present in all finite clauses even when no indexical shift applies. A prediction of this approach is the possibility of varieties with embedded allocutive marking but no indexical shift. This article argues that some southern Basque dialects instantiate this possibility. In addition, novel evidence is presented suggesting that the syntax of allocutivity is related to the syntax of direct‐address expressions in these dialects.
Exports and imports in Turkey: A regime‐switching approach
Authors: Türkvatan Aysun
Published: July 2022

In this study, we apply Markov regime‐switching models to various foreign trade variables with the aim of characterising the behaviour of the growth of exports and imports in Turkey. The results indicate that the forecasting performance of the proposed Markov regime‐switching models is much better than that of the random walk benchmark except for the growth of import values. However, for the growth of export volumes, the proposed Markov regime‐switching model always outperforms the random walk benchmark. Furthermore, we investigate whether the growth regimes of exports and imports can be associated with the growth regimes of world trade volumes, world trade prices and industrial production by introducing a probability score and comparing the regime probabilities. The results indicate that world trade prices are more closely related to import values than they are to export values except for low growth regime of export values. In fact, low growth regime of export values is strongly associated with low growth regime of world trade prices. On the contrary, normal growth regime of export volumes is closely related to high growth regime of world trade volumes. Moreover, world trade volumes and industrial production are more closely related to import values and import volumes than they are to export values in all regimes. Actually, low growth regimes of import values and import volumes are strongly associated with low growth regime of industrial production.
Persistent hypokalaemia and intermittent muscle weakness
Authors: Rabenstein Monika , Abicht Angela , Brunn Anna , Lehmann Helmar , Wunderlich Gilbert
Published: July 2022

A man in his 20s gave a 9-year history of recurrent muscle pain and weakness, occurring mostly after exercise, and lasting for up to 2 days. There had been one episode of severe rhabdomyolysis after cold exposure. He also had longstanding hypokalaemia, which was key to his correct diagnosis but was not followed. This case highlights the importance of an appropriately methodical investigation of weak hypokalaemic patients, and the relevance of hypokalaemia as a cause of neuromuscular symptoms not related to muscular channelopathies.
Serum proteomic profiling of rheumatoid arthritis–interstitial lung disease with a comparison to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wu Xiaoping , Jeong Yunju , Poli de Frías Sergio , Easthausen Imaani , Hoffman Katherine , Oromendia Clara , Taheri Shahrad , Esposito Anthony J , Quesada Arias Luisa , Ayaub Ehab A , Maurer Rie , Gill Ritu R , Hatabu Hiroto , Nishino Mizuki , Frits Michelle L , Iannaccone Christine K , Weinblatt Michael E , Shadick Nancy A , Dellaripa Paul F , Choi Augustine M K , Kim Edy Y , Rosas Ivan O , Martinez Fernando J , Doyle Tracy J
Published: July 2022

Although interstitial lung disease (ILD) causes significant morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is difficult to predict the development or progression of ILD, emphasising the need for improved discovery through minimally invasive diagnostic tests. Aptamer-based proteomic profiling was used to assess 1321 proteins from 159 patients with rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), RA without ILD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and healthy controls. Differential expression and gene set enrichment analyses revealed molecular signatures that are strongly associated with the presence and severity of RA-ILD and provided insight into unexplored pathways of disease. These warrant further study as non-invasive diagnostic tools and future therapeutic targets.
Preterm or early term birth and long-term risk of asthma into midadulthood: a national cohort and cosibling study
Authors: Crump Casey , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina
Published: July 2022

Background

Preterm birth is associated with pulmonary complications early in life; however, long-term risks of asthma into adulthood are unclear.

Objective

To determine asthma risks from childhood into adulthood associated with gestational age at birth in a large population-based cohort.

Methods

A national cohort study was conducted of all 4 079 878 singletons born in Sweden during 1973–2013, followed up for asthma identified from primary care, specialty outpatient and inpatient diagnoses in nationwide registries through 2018 (up to 46 years). Cox regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, and cosibling analyses assessed the influence of unmeasured shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors.

Results

In 91.9 million person-years of follow-up, 607 760 (14.9%) persons were diagnosed with asthma. Preterm birth was associated with increased risk of asthma at ages <10 years (adjusted HR 1.73; 95% CI 1.70 to 1.75), 10–17 years (1.29; 1.27 to 1.32) and 18–46 years (1.19; 1.17 to 1.22). Across all ages, adjusted HRs further stratified were 3.01 (95% CI 2.88 to 3.15) for extremely preterm (22–27 weeks), 1.76 (1.72 to 1.79) for very or moderately preterm (28–33 weeks), 1.31 (1.29 to 1.32) for late preterm (34–36 weeks) and 1.13 (1.12 to 1.14) for early term (37–38 weeks), compared with full-term (39–41 weeks) birth. These findings were not explained by shared familial factors. Asthma risks were elevated after spontaneous or medically indicated preterm birth and with or without perinatal respiratory complications.

Conclusions

In this large national cohort, preterm and early term birth were associated with increased risks of asthma from childhood into midadulthood. Persons born prematurely need long-term follow-up into adulthood for timely detection and treatment of asthma.
Moments and multiplets in moiré materials
Authors: Gresista Lasse , Kiese Dominik , Trebst Simon
Published: July 2022

The observation of strongly correlated states in moiré systems has renewed the conceptual interest in magnetic systems with higher SU(4) spin symmetry, e.g., to describe Mott insulators where the local moments are coupled spin–valley degrees of freedom. Here, we discuss a numerical renormalization group scheme to explore the formation of spin–valley ordered and unconventional spin–valley liquid states at zero temperature based on a pseudo-fermion representation. Our generalization of the conventional pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group approach for $${{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {u}}}$$

s
u

(2) spins is capable of treating diagonal and off-diagonal couplings of generic spin–valley exchange Hamiltonians in the self-conjugate representation of the $${{\mathfrak {s}}}{{\mathfrak {u}}}$$

s
u

(4) algebra. To achieve proper numerical efficiency, we derive a number of symmetry constraints on the flow equations that significantly limit the number of ordinary differential equations to be solved. As an example system, we investigate a diagonal SU(2)$$_{\text {spin}}$$

spin

$$\otimes $$
⊗
U(1)$$_{\text {valley}}$$

valley

model on the triangular lattice which exhibits a rich phase diagram of spin and valley ordered phases.

Graphic Abstract
The Higgs boson mass as fundamental parameter of the minimal supersymmetric standard model
Authors: El-Kosseifi Rima , Kneur Jean-Loic , Moultaka Gilbert , Zerwas Dirk
Published: July 2022

In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) the mass of the lightest neutral Higgs boson is determined by the supersymmetric parameters. In the $$m_h$$

m
h

MSSM the precisely measured Higgs boson replaces the trilinear coupling $$A_t$$

A
t

as input parameter. Expressions are derived to extract $$A_t$$

A
t

in a semi-analytical form as a function of the light Higgs boson (pole) mass. An algorithm is developed and implemented at two-loop precision, generalizable to higher orders, to perform this inversion consistently. The result of the algorithm, implemented in the SuSpect spectrum calculator, is illustrated on a parameter set compatible with LHC measurements.
Shadow, absorption and Hawking radiation of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a cloud of strings in Rastall gravity
Authors: Li Qian , Ma Chen , Zhang Yu , Lin Zhi-Wen , Duan Peng-Fei
Published: July 2022

This paper studies the black hole shadow, absorption cross section, and Hawking radiation of a massless scalar field in the background of a static spherically symmetric black hole spacetime that is surrounded by a cloud of strings in Rastall gravity. Specifically, the effects of the parameters a and $$\beta $$
β
on the photon sphere and shadow radii are investigated. The results show that as the negative parameter $$\beta $$
β
decreases, the photon sphere and shadow radii change in an N-shape. In addition, the absorption cross section obtained after solving the massless Klein–Gordon equation is calculated using the sinc approximation and the partial waves method. We compare the absorption cross section obtained by the sinc approximation and the partial waves method, and find it to be exceptionally consistent in the mid-to-high frequency region. Furthermore, the effects of parameters a and $$\beta $$
β
on absorption are examined in detail. Finally, we study in detail the effects of the parameters a, $$\beta $$
β
and l on the Hawking radiation power emission spectrum of the considered black hole. It turns out that the string parameter a always suppresses the power emission spectrum, indicating that such black holes live longer when the string parameter a is increased while other parameters are fixed.
On the adoption of e-moped sharing systems
Authors: Fiorini Stefano , Ciavotta Michele , Joglekar Sagar , Šćepanović Sanja , Quercia Daniele
Published: July 2022

Recent years have witnessed the emerging of novel shared mobility solutions that provide diffused on-demand access to transportation. The widespread adoption of these solutions, particularly electric mopeds (e-mopeds), is expected to bring important benefits such as the reduction of noise and atmospheric pollution, and road congestion, with extensive repercussions on liveability and quality of life in urban areas. Currently, almost no effort has been devoted to exploring the adoption patterns of e-moped sharing services, therefore, optimal management and allocation of vehicles appears to be a problem for service managers. In this study, we tried to demonstrate the validity of the hypothesis that the adoption of electric mopeds depends on the built environment and demographic aspects of each neighbourhood. In detail, we singled out three features concerning the area characteristics (distance from centre, walkability, concentration of places) and one about the population (education index). The results obtained on a real world case study show the strong impact these factors have in determining the adoption of e-moped sharing services. Finally, an analysis was conducted on the possible role that the electric moped sharing can play in social equalization by studying the interactions between rich and poor neighbourhoods. The results of the analyses conducted indicate that communities within a city tend to aggregate by wealth and isolate themselves from one another (social isolation): very few interactions, in terms of trajectories, have been observed between the richest and poorest areas of the city under study.
Analysis of the Bacterial Spectrum and Key Clinical Factors of Biliary Tract Infection in Patients with Malignant Obstructive Jaundice after PTCD
Authors: Xing Dongjuan , Song Weihua , Gong Shaojuan , Xu Aimin , Zhai Bo
Published: July 2022

Objective. To analyze the bacterial spectrum and key clinical factors associated with biliary tract infections following percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) for malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ). Methods. This retrospective study comprised patients with MOJ who were treated with PTCD from 1st June 2016 to 31st December 2020. Patient clinical data, development of postprocedure biliary tract infections, spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, and drug sensitivity were analyzed, focusing on antibiotic drug resistance and identifying key associated risk factors for postoperative biliary tract infections. Results. Of the 528 study patients, 80 were diagnosed with postoperative biliary tract infections, 58 of whom had pathogenic bacteria detected in their bile samples. A total of 90 strains of pathogenic bacteria and 3 strains of fungi were detected; the top 4 were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By univariate analysis, a positive bile culture following PTCD was closely correlated with both the location and degree of preoperative obstruction and the preoperative bilirubin level. Moreover, the results of logistic regression analysis concluded that complete obstruction and a high preoperative total bilirubin level prior to PTCD were independent risk factors for a positive bile culture following PTCD. Conclusion. Biliary tract infections following PTCD for MOJ were principally due to Escherichia coli, and bacteria in the bile were statistically more likely to be detected in patients with complete obstruction and high preoperative bilirubin levels.
Dynamic Fatigue Analysis of High-Speed Trains Gearbox Using Copula Function
Authors: Liu Yumei , Hu Ting , Chen Yun , Hao Zixu , Liu Ming
Published: July 2022

As a key component of the transmission system of high-speed trains, the reliability of gearbox is crucial to the overall reliability and driving safety of high-speed trains. In this work, a comprehensive reliability model for the key parts of the gearbox including the driving and driven gears, bearings, and gearbox housing is developed, which combines the strength degradation parameters obtained by P-S-N curves of the corresponding material, and a stress-strength interference model based on the Poisson distribution of random stress and the Wiener strength degradation process. Further, a nested Copula function reliability model of the gearbox series system is developed using the binary Frank Copula function considering the correlation of failures of different parts and different failure modes. This model realizes the dynamic reliability analysis of the gearbox under different failure modes. The reliability analysis of the key parts of the gearbox and the gearbox series system of high-speed train achieved with this model are in line with the engineering practice. This method enables dynamic tracking and monitoring of gearbox reliability during the service life of high-speed train.
The Activation of the Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 by Acriflavine Leads to Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Improves the Radiosensitivity of Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Lin Caizhao , Chen Xiaohua , Qiu Huayun , Li Benfeng , Guo Min
Published: July 2022

Colon cancer ranks third worldwide, and it has a growing incidence with urbanization and industrialization. Drug resistance in colon cancer is gradually affecting the treatment. This study focused on the mechanisms by which acriflavine (ACF) enhances the radiosensitivity of colon cancer cells. First, the expression and activation levels of tumor suppressor protein p53 were shown high in normal cells and tissues in its detection, which suggests that p53 is likely to be a key factor in colon cancer. Then, the expression of p53 ended up increasing in ACF group after SW620 cells were cultured with ACF. In addition, ACF group had some other changes. The expression of mitochondrial related antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 increased, while the expression of proapoptotic protein Bax, Bad, cytopigment C, and apoptotic inducer AIF decreased. At the same time, the ability of apoptosis was enhanced, and the ability of proliferation and invasion was decreased. This suggests that ACF can promote p53 expression and affect mitochondrial function and the radiosensitivity of SW620. The luciferase reporting experiment showed that there was a binding site between ACF and p53. Besides, when IR treatment was applied to SW620 with high p53 expression, there was an increase in the expression of Bcl-2 in SW620 and decrease in Bax, Bad, and cytopigment C in AIF. Meanwhile, the cell apoptosis became stronger, and the proliferation and invasion became weaker. The experimental results were similar to those of SW620 cells cultured with ACF, suggesting that p53 is an intermediate factor in the regulation of SW620 by ACF. Finally, in this study, cells were cultured with ACF, and p53 was knocked down at the same time. The experimental results showed that after p53 was knocked down. ACF’s ability to regulate SW620 is partially removed. This confirms the view that ACF regulates SW620 cells by regulating p53. In summary, this study found the mechanism by which ACF causes mitochondrial dysfunction and improves the radiosensitivity of colon cancer cells by activating the tumor suppressor protein p53, which may contribute to solving the drug resistance in colon cancer.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Rehabilitation Effect of Different Intensity Exercise on the Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Yu Tao , Zhang Zhi , Zhou Donglai , Li Cairong
Published: July 2022

Background. Cardiovascular disease is a common disease with high prevalence, disability, and mortality. Exercise therapy can improve cardiac functional reserve and life quality of patients, but the benefits of different exercise intensities for cardiovascular patients are still controversial. In this study, literature search and meta-analysis were used to explore the effect of 2 intensities of exercise on the rehabilitation effect of cardiovascular patients. Methods. We searched Embase, Wiley online library, PubMed, Science Direct, and Clinicaltrials to look for randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate continuous training (MCT). After screening the inclusion criteria for the literature and assessing the risk of bias, a software analysis was performed using the R language toolkit to obtain forest plots and funnel maps. Results. 10 articles were included in this study into the quantitative analysis, and 520 patients participated in the study; meta-analysis results showed that after HIIT intervention, the VO2 peak index of patients was higher than that of the MCT group (

MD
=
1.39

, 95% CI (0.10, 2.68),

Z
=
2.12

,

P
=
0.0344

), the peak heart rate HR peak was higher than that of the MCT training (

MD
=
7.71

, 95% CI (5.12, 10.30),

Z
=
5.84

,

P
<
0.0001

), the respiratory exchange rate (maximum RER) was higher than that of the MCT training (

MD
=
0.02

, 95% CI (0.00, 0.04),

Z
=
2.36

,

P
=
0.0184

), and the quality of life was higher than that of the MCT training (

MD
=
0.39

, 95% CI (0.07, 0.71),

Z
=
2.40

,

P
=
0.0165

). Discussion. Compared with moderate continuous training, high intensity interval training is more conducive to improve the cardiopulmonary function of cardiovascular patients and improve their physical life quality.
Research on Monitoring Methods for the Appropriate Rice Harvest Period Based on Multispectral Remote Sensing
Authors: Cong Chen , Guangqiao Cao , Yibai Li , Dong Liu , Bin Ma , Jinlong Zhang , Liang Li , Jianping Hu
Published: July 2022

Rice production is highly seasonal, and the timing for conducting harvest operations has a relatively significant impact on yields, especially the appropriate timing of the harvesting operations. Using scientific methods to monitor the appropriate harvest period can effectively reduce harvesting losses. Most of the existing studies in this field focus on yield changes that occur during the harvest period of rice and also use multispectral remote sensing for inversion of the crop canopy. However, there has been no research on combining the yields and spectral characteristics of the harvest period. In this article, a monitoring method for the appropriate harvest period of rice based on multispectral remote sensing was established. Remote sensing data of the rice canopy were acquired using UAV equipped with multispectral (550 nm, 660 nm, 735 nm, and 790 nm) cameras, and physiological characteristic data of rice moisture content, thousand‐grain weight, and tassel ratios were determined simultaneously. Single‐band and combined‐band spectral reflectance were introduced as model input variables to compare the BP neural network, SVM, and decision tree; a quantitative inversion model of the physiological characteristics of rice was established. The accuracy of the inversion model with different input variables and model methods was evaluated, and the optimal inversion model for rice moisture content and thousand‐grain weight was selected, which could be used to determine whether the crop was harvested during the appropriate period. The continuous monitoring of two rice varieties (South Japonica 46 and South Japonica 5055) indicated that the moisture content of South Japonica 46 decreased linearly during the 20‐day trial period, while its thousand‐grain weight showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The moisture content of South Japonica 5055 showed a fluctuating downward trend, and its thousand‐grain weight also showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The spectral reflectance at 735 nm increased gradually, and that of both rice varieties increased from about 35% at the beginning of the trial to about 75% in the later stage. The spectral reflectance at the other three bands did not show significant change with the harvest date. The inverse model of spectral reflectance with rice thousand‐grain weight and moisture content was established using the BP neural network, SVM, and decision tree. In single‐band inversion models, the regression effect at 735 nm was relatively good in the BP neural network model, with the highest determination coefficients of spectral reflectance and thousand‐grain weight of both rich varieties and the smallest RMSE of prediction results. In combined‐band inversion models, the regression effects at 550 + 660+735 nm and 660 + 735+790 nm were the best in the SVM and thousand‐grain weight inversion models.
Lightning the Electromagnetic Pulse Coupling of Airborne Secondary Radar Electronic Equipment Using Intelligent Computing
Authors: Zhao Zhongyi , Wang Shenyu
Published: July 2022

In order to analyze the lightning coupling of the airborne secondary radar electronic equipment, this study analyzes the transient electromagnetic field strength of the airborne secondary radar electronic equipment and the current density distribution on the aircraft surface when the lightning directly hits the aircraft based on the simulation technology of the transmission-line matrix method. On this basis, the simulation research of field distribution and cable coupling is further carried out. Through the simulation calculation, it can be seen that when the lightning strikes the aircraft, the current density is relatively small in the continuous parts of the upper and lower surfaces of the fuselage and the middle of the wing. In addition to the areas where the lightning current is easily attached, structural irregularities such as windows, engines, front and rear edges of wings, and outboard antennas are often affected by edge effects, and the current density is often concentrated, requiring key protection. For more sensitive electronic equipment, the cable connected to it can be considered to use an appropriate type of shielded cable to achieve the shielding effect on the electromagnetic environment.
A More Precise Modeling Method for Pneumatic Cabin Pressure Control System considering the Ambient Environmental Impacts
Authors: Zheng Yonggui , Liu Meng , Zhuang Junjun , Wu Hao
Published: July 2022

Pneumatic cabin pressure control system (PCPCS), with its exceptional electromagnetic compatibility, is expected to become the major equipment on a high-performance airplane again in the future. Although the PCPCS has been mature for a long time, the broad popularization of the digital cabin pressure control system (DCPCS) has left the PCPCS in the cold for decades. This makes the PCPCS unable to meet the severe cabin pressure regulation requirements of high-speed aircraft today. For this purpose, a more precise PCPCS modeling method is proposed. Through this method, the relation between different parts in the PCPCS can be accurately characterized. Moreover, the impact of the ambient environment on the PCPCS is taken into consideration. This method can be used to accurately analyze the PCPCS under maneuvering flight. And it also assists in the verification of the system improvements of dynamic performance in the future. Simulation results show that the aircraft acceleration disturbs the PCPCS slightly, and the cabin air inflow fluctuation has a significant impact on the cabin air pressure.
Construction of Data Resource Sharing Platform for College Students’ Ideological and Political Education Based on Constraint Clustering
Authors: Cheng Jiaoyan
Published: July 2022

Online learning communities have changed the “silo” learning structure of traditional online learning and provided an effective support environment for wisdom sharing and collaborative knowledge building. The construction of a good online learning community has become a core issue in the field of online learning research. The study abstracts the construction of online learning community as a constrained clustering problem and proposes an intelligent construction method for online learning community based on constrained clustering. In particular, the three principles include the combination of limited freedom of choice and continuous iterative improvement, the combination of openness and standardization of the sharing platform, and the combination of public welfare and paid attributes of data resources. This paper discusses how to share valuable basic statistical data and social survey data in the field of college students’ ideological and political education (IPE) and make them public to the whole society by building a data resource sharing platform, so as to improve the utilization of data on the one hand and support comparative research topics in related fields through statistical analysis among survey data on the other hand. The experimental results show that the proportion of low-level posts (KC1 and KC2) of the two groups of students is relatively high (79.4% and 76.5%, respectively), indicating that the students in the learning community have carried out a lot of knowledge sharing and discussed and compared them to a certain extent. The proportion of high-level posts by students in both groups is very small (20.8% and 23.5%, respectively), but the number of high-level (KC3, KC4) posts by the students in the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the students in the control group, indicating that the students in the experimental group have good exchanges and discussions have resulted in meaningful negotiation and testing on some issues.
Scheduling Synchronization for Overlapping Segments in Bus Lines: Speed Control and Green Extension Strategies
Authors: Zhao Hu , Feng Shumin , Ci Yusheng , Xin Mengwei , Huang Qiuju
Published: July 2022

Overlapping bus lines are ubiquitous in bus networks, particularly in metropolitan areas. The overlapping of bus lines can provide convenience for passengers who wish to transfer. However, it also tends to cause bus bunching at overlapping segment stops. Moreover, overlapping of bus lines introduces additional complexity to the operation of bus systems. This study aimed to dispatch bus vehicles entering overlapping segments dynamically by adopting speed control and green light extension strategies. This ensures that transferring passengers experience less transfer waiting time and reduced bus bunching at overlapping segments. The proposed model considers environmental constraints on vehicle speed and the stochastic factors of passenger arrivals at a stop. Synchronization is maximized by controlling the speed of vehicles along a roadway and determining whether a green light extension strategy is enabled. The effectiveness of the proposed model was verified by applying it to a real overlapping segment in Harbin, China. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can more than double the opportunity for synchronization in overlapping segments while reducing bus bunching at the stops in overlapping segments.
[Retracted] Strategies of Bioceramics, Bioactive Glasses in Endodontics: Future Perspectives of Restorative Dentistry
Authors: Chitra S. , Mathew Nibin K. , Jayalakshmi S. , Balakumar S. , Rajeshkumar S. , Ramya R.
Published: July 2022

Prevalently, there is a primary strategy to cure caries using restorative materials notably bioceramics. Existing synthetic materials stimulate natural tooth structure with acceptable interfacial bonding and esthetic and biomechanical qualities with better durability. Several bioceramics have been introduced and investigated for their potentialities as restorative materials. Biomineralization of tooth initiates repair and regeneration of natural dental tissue and reinstating the integrity of periodontium. In the evolution of bioceramics in the aspects of different essential composition for dental application, recent technology and modern strategies revolutionize the restorative dentistry. Bioglass is one among the important bioceramics as a restorative material, and by regulating the properties of the material, it is possible to construct improved formulation towards restoration. This article reviews the current revolution of endodontics, existing restorative materials, and technologies to be achieve for engineering materials with the better design.
EfficientNet MW: A Mask Wearing Detection Model with Bidirectional Feature Fusion Network
Authors: Xiong Liyan , Tu Suocheng , Huang Xiaohui , Yu Junying , Huang Weichun
Published: July 2022

To solve the problem of missing model detection for small targets, occluded targets, and crowded targets scenarios in mask detection, we propose an end-to-end mask-wearing detection model based on a bidirectional feature fusion network. Firstly, to improve the ability of the model to extract features, we introduce the modified EfficientNet as the backbone network in the model. Secondly, for the prediction network, we introduce depth-wise separable convolution to reduce the amount of model parameters. Lastly, to improve the performance of the model on small targets and occluded targets, we propose a bidirectional feature fusion network and introduce a spatial pyramid pooling network. We evaluate our proposed method on a real-world data set. The mean average precision of the model is 87.54%. What’s more, our proposed method achieves better performance than the comparison approaches in most cases.
In Vivo Anti-Malarial Activity of the Aqueous Root Extract of Euclea divinorum Hiern (Ebenaceae) against Plasmodium berghei ANKA
Authors: Girmaw Fentaw , Engidawork Ephrem
Published: July 2022

Background. Drug resistance is a universal challenge to malaria control measures. As a result, the development and discovery of new chemotherapeutic agents from medicinal plants having anti-malarial traditional claims are very important. This work, therefore, attempted to evaluate the anti-malarial activity of the aqueous root extract of E. divinorum using a rodent model of malaria. Methods. The roots of E. divinorum were extracted by hot decoction using distilled water. Anti-malarial activity of various doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg) of the root aqueous extract was evaluated using the 4-day suppressive test as well as curative and repository tests. Parasitemia, rectal temperature, body weight, PCV, and MST were also determined. Results. The finding showed that there were a dose-related significant parasitemia chemo-suppression and increment in survival time as compared to the negative control (p<0.001) in all tests. The chemo-suppression effect was higher at 400 mg/kg extract-treated groups in the 4-day suppressive test followed by the curative test. The lowest chemo-prophylaxis effect was observed in 100 mg/kg extract-treated groups in the repository test. Regarding the other parameters, the extract prevented weight loss, temperature drop, and hemolysis in all models but not in a consistent manner. Conclusion. The current study showed that the aqueous root extract of E. divinorum possessed a varying degree of anti-malarial activity in all three tests, with greater parasitemia suppression observed in the 4-day suppressive test. The extract produced higher parasitemia chemo-suppression and longer survival time in early infections followed by established and then residual infection.
Emerging Potential Therapeutic Targets of Ferroptosis in Skeletal Diseases
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Tianhao , Wang Wei , Liang Xiaolong , Mu Yating , Xu Yaozeng , Bai Jiaxiang , Geng Dechun
Published: July 2022

Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation mediated by iron and inflammation. Since the transcentury realization of ferroptosis as an iron-dependent modality of nonapoptotic cell death in 2012, there has been growing interest in the function of ferroptosis and its relationship to clinical diseases. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with multiple diseases, including degenerative diseases, ischemia reperfusion injury, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Cell death induced by ferroptosis has also been related to several skeletal diseases, such as inflammatory arthritis, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. Research on ferroptosis can clarify the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases and provide a novel therapeutic target for its treatment. In this review, we summarize current information about the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and describe its emerging role and therapeutic potential in skeletal diseases.
Overall Thinking and System Design of Environmental Criminal Law in the Context of Risk Society
Authors: Song Bona
Published: July 2022

People are perplexed by the society’s complex and ever-changing risks, which increase their desire for safety. In light of this, and in light of the characteristics of environmental problems and environmental criminal law, this paper attempts to examine some concepts and system design in environmental criminal law using a holistic approach. A user intention understanding model based on attention and CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) is proposed in this paper. The text features are extracted using CNN, and the crime risk is predicted using RF (Random Forest). The user intention understanding model based on attention mechanism and CNN has the best effect, with an accuracy rate of 76.41 percent and a microaverage accuracy rate and recall rate of 75.85 percent, according to the experimental results. The RF prediction accuracy is the highest, at 0.794, which is higher than the SVM (Support Vector Machine) prediction accuracy of 0.784. It demonstrates that RF prediction results are more accurate and superior to SVM prediction results. The RF method’s prediction model can meet the needs of crime risk prediction, so it can be said that it points in the right direction for the effective use of data mining technology in this field.
Design of Shared Internet of Things System for English Translation Teaching Using Deep Learning Text Classification
Authors: He Lin , Guo Jiaqi , Lin Jiaxin
Published: July 2022

The purpose is to adapt to the current social development and promote the English translation teaching reform. Based on the theories of deep learning (DL), text classification (TC), and the Internet of Things (IoT), this work analyzes the current situation of English translation teaching. Additionally, 100 text categories are selected from the English text corpus of Northwestern Polytechnic University as the research objects. The data are classified by the DL-based TC method and analyzed by introducing the simulated annealing algorithm. Finally, the storage and security performance of the shared IoT system are described. The results show that the proposed TC method can overcome the performance loss caused by the function extraction method, greatly reducing the training time and function space. The storage and security performance of the shared IoT system to encrypt English text will increase with the number of model iterations. Therefore, this work designs the English translation teaching-oriented shared IoT system using a DL-based TC. The finding plays an important role in subsequent English translation and enriching the theory of IoT.
Solution Expressions of Discrete Systems of Difference Equations
Authors: Elsayed E. M. , Alofi B. S. , Khan Abdul Qadeer
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we obtain the solution forms of fifth order systems of rational difference equationsPn+1=Pn4Sn2Qn/Sn−3Qn−11±Pn−4Sn−2Qn,Qn+1=Qn−4Pn−2Sn/Pn−3Sn−11±Qn−4Pn−2Sn,andSn+1=Sn−4Qn−2Pn/Qn−3Pn−11±Sn−4Qn−2Pn. Where the initial values are nonzero real numbers. Numerical examples are also provided.