bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial and Antiplaque Effects of a Novel, Alcohol-Free Oral Rinse with Cetylpyridinium Chloride
Authors: Witt Jon , Ramji Nivedita , Gibb Roger , Dunavent John , Flood Janine , Barnes John
Published: July 2019

Antimicrobial agents are commonly incorporated into hygiene products for the treatment and prevention of plaque and gingivitis. Recently, a new alcohol-free rinse containing 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in a high bioavailable matrix (Crest® Pro-Health Rinse) was introduced to provide antiplaque and antigingivitis benefits. This paper reviews results from an in vitro pre-clinical study and an in vivo clinical study evaluating the antibacterial and antiplaque benefits of this CPC rinse technology. In the in vitro experiment, a no-alcohol 0.065% high bioavailable CPC prototype rinse was evaluated for its hostility against a broad range of microorganisms commonly associated with plaque and gingivitis. The rinse demonstrated greater than 99% germ kill for all organisms tested individually as well as in whole saliva. The benefit of this antibacterial action on plaque inhibition was assessed in a clinical trial. A double-blinded, 3-period, 6-sequence crossover study was conducted evaluating the antiplaque effect of the novel 0.07% high bioavailable, alcohol-free CPC rinse versus a positive control (Listerine® Cool Mint containing essential oils) and a negative control (placebo CPC rinse). A modification of the Addy 4-day plaque model was used for this evaluation. Plaque was measured at baseline (Day 1) of each treatment period and at Day 4 using the Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein index. During the treatment period, subjects brushed only their lingual surfaces twice daily for up to 60 seconds. Following brushing, subjects used 20 mls of the mouthrinse product for 30 seconds in the morning and evening. Fifty-five subjects completed the study. For non-brushed sites, both the essential oils and CPC rinse exhibited a 25% reduction in plaque vs. placebo after four days of product usage, which was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Both treatments also exhibited a statistically significant benefit versus placebo (p<0.0001) for brushed sites (>38% plaque reduction). These data support the antibacterial action of the high bioavailable, alcohol-free CPC rinse and demonstrate antiplaque effects for Crest Pro-Health Rinse that are “at least as good as” the leading essential oils antiseptic, making it well-suited for a broad range of patients, particularly those who are sensitive to products containing alcohol.

Citation

Witt J; Ramji N; Gibb R; Dunavent J; Flood J; Barnes J. Antibacterial and Antiplaque Effects of a Novel, Alcohol-Free Oral Rinse with Cetylpyridinium Chloride. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February; (6)1:001-009.
Effects of One Versus Two-layer Applications of a Self-etching Adhesive to Dentin of Primary Teeth: A SEM Study
Authors: Ölmez Ayşegül , Öztaş Nurhan
Published: July 2019

Resin composite is increasingly the material of choice for the restoration of primary teeth, and new materials with simplified procedures are increasingly being offered. Self-etching primers have been developed to simplify the bonding procedures. Some manufacturers recommend the application of these materials in two layers. However little is known about the application times. Therefore, this study evaluated the quality of the interfacial seal and the micromorphology of the hybrid layer in composite restorations bonded with one or two layer applications of a self-etching adhesive to the dentin of the primary teeth.

The superfacial dentin (within 1-2 mm of dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)) on the occlusal surfaces of fourteen primary molars was exposed by a flat cut perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth. The occlusal surfaces were divided into two halves by a 1 mm deep groove in the labial-lingual orientation. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1: Single Bond (control group) was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions on one half of the surface. On the other half of the same tooth, one layer of Prompt-L-Pop (experimental group) was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. Group 2: the teeth received the same bonding regimes as group 1, but the experimental group had two layer application of Prompt-LPop. All samples were analyzed in SEM. Student's t-test was used to compare the width of the gap and hybrid layer thickness generated by experimental groups and control.

There was a statistically significant difference between control (Single Bond) and the experimental groups (one or two layer application of Prompt-L-Pop) (p<0.05). Single Bond showed the best results. Two layer application of Prompt-L-Pop showed better sealing ability than one layer application of it (p<0.05). Only Single Bond presented a visible hybrid layer that had an average thickness of 3.7 µm.

Citation

Öztaş N, Ölmez A. Effects of One versus Two-layer Applications of a Self-etching Adhesive to Dentin of Primary Teeth: A SEM Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February; (6)1: 018-025.
Management of Periodontitis Associated with Endodontically Involved Teeth: A Case Series
Authors: Anand Pradeep S. , Nandakumar K.
Published: July 2019

The pulp and the periodontal attachment are the two components that enable a tooth to function in the oral cavity. Lesions of the periodontal ligament and adjacent alveolar bone may originate from infections of the periodontium or tissues of the dental pulp. The simultaneous existence of pulpal problems and inflammatory periodontal disease can complicate diagnosis and treatment planning. The function of the tooth is severely compromised when either one of these is involved in the disease process. Treatment of disease conditions involving both of these structures can be challenging and frequently requires combining both endodontic and periodontal treatment procedures. This article presents cases of periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions managed by both endodontic and periodontal therapy.

Citation

Anand PS, Nandakumar K. Management of Periodontitis Associated with Endodontically Involved Teeth: A Case Series. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:118-129.
An Innovative Tobacco Use Cessation Program for Military Dental Clinics
Authors: Breault Lawrence G. , Covington Lemuel L. , O'Brien John J. , Hattield Cathy H. , Vasquez Shana M. , Lutka Robert W.
Published: July 2019

Tobacco use is the chief avoidable cause of death and illness in our society. Military leaders are concerned with rising medical costs and the related negative effects on combat readiness associated with tobacco use. Tobacco use cessation (TUC) programs available in the military services have not reached their full potential. Dental officers have an opportunity to assume a more active role as first-line providers in TUC programs.

This paper presents a model TUC program for use in military dental clinics. It emphasizes the dentist's role in directly prescribing pharmacologic agents in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) combined with appropriate patient counseling. Other key elements of this TUC program include the non-threatening manner in which patients are offered access to TUC, its convenience when compared with other programs, and the minimal cost to implement this program.

Citation

Covington M, Breault LG, O'Brien JJ, Hatfield CH, Vasquez SM, Lutka RW. An Innovative Tobacco Use Cessation Program for Military Dental Clinics. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:151-163.
Tooth Width and Arch Dimensions in Normal and Malocclusion Samples: An Odontometric Study
Authors: Hashim Hayder Abdullah , AL-Ghamdi Sarah
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to establish tooth width and arch dimensions in normal and malocclusion samples and to compare tooth width and arch dimensions between males and females in normal and malocclusion samples. A total of 120 pairs of orthodontic study casts were included in the study. An electronic digital caliper was used for the measurements. Descriptive statistics and the t-test were used for the statistical analysis of the data. Tooth width and arch dimensions were established in normal and malocclusion in the present study. Significant differences were found in tooth width between normal and malocclusion samples. However, no significant difference was observed in arch dimensions. Furthermore, there was statistical significant difference in tooth width between males and females where the males showed higher mean values. The same was true when arch dimensions were compared. The results of the current investigation are of great value to the anthropologist as well as to the orthodontist in understanding dimensional arch criteria and orthodontic arch wire selection. Furthermore, it helps the prosthodontist in the selection of the correct shape and size of stock impression trays and of suitable molds of artificial teeth for fixed and removable prostheses.

Citation

Hashim HA, Al-Ghamdi SAF. Tooth Width and Arch Dimensions in Normal and Malocclusion Samples: An Odontometric Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:036-051.
Ectopic Eruption of a Maxillary Third Molar Tooth in the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report
Authors: Büyükkurt M. Cemil , Tozoglu Sinan , Aras M. Hamdi , Yolcu Ümit
Published: July 2019

Ectopic eruption of teeth into regions other than the oral cavity is rare although there have been reports of teeth in the nasal septum, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, palate, chin, and maxillary sinus. Occasionally, a tooth may erupt in the maxillary sinus and present with local sinonasal symptoms attributed to chronic sinusitis. We present a case of an ectopic maxillary third molar tooth that caused chronic sinusitis in the maxillary sinus.

Citation

Büyükkurt MC, Tozoglu S, Aras MH, Yolcu Ü. Ectopic Eruption of a Maxillary Third Molar Tooth in the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:104-110.
Delayed Eruption of a Mandibular Primary Cuspid Associated with Compound Odontoma
Authors: Cildir Sule Kavaloglu , Sencift Kemal , Olgac Vakur , Sandalli Nuket
Published: July 2019

Although odontomas are considered to be a common type of odontogenic tumor, they rarely occur solely in the primary dentition. This case report presents an eight and a half-year-old-child with a compound odontoma located in the mandible, which caused the impaction of both primary and permanent canines.

Citation

Cildir SK, Sencift K, Olgac V, Sandalli N. Delayed Eruption of a Mandibular Primary Cuspid Associated with Compound Odontoma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:152-159.
Maxillary Myxoma: Surgical Treatment and Reconstruction with Buccal Fat Pad Flap: A Case Report
Authors: Öğütcen-Toller Melahat , Şener Ismail , Kasap Vildan , Çakir-Özkan Nilüfer
Published: July 2019

Myxoma is a benign tumor that arises from mesenchymal tissue and is found less commonly in the bone than in soft tissue. The majority of bony myxomas occur in the jaws. When compared with other odontogenic tumors, myxoma of the jaws is a rare entity. Numerous types of treatment have been used for these tumors including simple curettage, enucleation, curettage with peripheral ostectomy, and en bloc resection with or without immediate reconstruction. The buccal fat pad (BFP) is a lobulated mass of fatty tissue in the oromaxillofacial region, which has long been a source of grafts in facial augmentation. A case of an odontogenic myxoma in the left maxillary molar area of a 34-year-old female that was treated by curettage and peripheral ostectomy is presented. The surgical defect was successfully repaired with a pedicled BFP flap.

Citation

Öğütcen-Toller M, Şener I, Kasap V, Çakir-Özkan N. Maxillary Myxoma: Surgical Treatment and Reconstruction with Buccal Fat Pad Flap: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:107-116.
Contemporary, Emerging, and Ratified Wireless Security Standards: An Update for the Networked Dental Office
Authors: Mupparapu Muralidhar
Published: July 2019

Wireless networking is not new to contemporary dental offices around the country. Wireless routers and network cards have made access to patient records within the office handy and, thereby, saving valuable chair side time and increasing productivity. As is the case with any rapidly developing technology, wireless technology also changes with the same rate. Unless, the users of the wireless networking understand the implications of these changes and keep themselves updated periodically, the office network will become obsolete very quickly. This update of the emerging security protocols and pertaining to ratified wireless 802.11 standards will be timely for the contemporary dentist whose office is wirelessly networked. This article brings the practicing dentist up-to-date on the newer versions and standards in wireless networking that are changing at a fast pace. The introduction of newer 802.11 standards like super G, Super AG, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and pre-n are changing the pace of adaptation of this technology. Like any other rapidly transforming technology, information pertaining to wireless networking should be a priority for the contemporary dentist, an eventual end-user in order to be a well-informed and techno-savvy consumer.

Citation

Mupparapu M. Contemporary, Emerging, and Ratified Wireless Security Standards: An Update for the Networked Dental Office. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:174-185.
A One-Year Clinical Evaluation of a High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement in Primary Molars
Authors: Yilmaz Yucel , Eyuboglu Özge , Kocogullari Mutlu Elcin , Belduz Nihal
Published: July 2019

In this study one-year clinical results of high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX, A3, GC, Japan) were determined in class I and class II restorations in 68 primary molars with occlusal or approximal caries. Following caries removal and cavity preparation, the teeth were restored with Fuji IX. The restorations were evaluated according to the U.S. Public Health Service's (USPHS) criteria at the end of one year. Statistical analyses of the data obtained were analyzed using the X2 test. The evaluations showed no statistically significant difference between class I and class II restorations in terms of the color mismatch, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries (P>0.05), but they were statistically significant with regard to cavosurface marginal discoloration (P<0.05). At the end of one year, the success rate of the class I and class II restorations of the primary molars restored with Fuji IX was 94%.

Citation

Yilmaz Y, Eyuboglu Ö, Kocogullari ME, Belduz M. A One-Year Clinical Evaluation of a High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement in Primary Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:071-078.
Evaluation of Speech in Patients with Partial Surgically Acquired Defects: Pre and Post Prosthetic Obturation
Authors: Arigbede A.O. , Dosumu O.O. , Shaba O.P. , Esan T.A.
Published: July 2019

Aim

Maxillectomy often results in a high level of morbidity with significant psychological and functional implications for the patient. Such disabilities include inability to masticate, deglutition, and speech disturbance. Unfortunately, little is known about the nature of the speech disturbance and the influence of the class of surgical defects in this group of patients. The aims of the present study were to assess the effectiveness of the maxillary obturator as a speech rehabilitation aid and to examine the influence of the classes of surgical defects on speech intelligibility (SI).

Materials and Methods

Twelve patients aged between 18 and 60 years with surgically acquired partial maxillary defects were included in this study. The patients were given immediate surgical obturators six to ten days after surgery, which were then converted to interim obturators by relining with tissue conditioner. Interim prostheses were used for two to three months until healing and resorption were found satisfactory after which the definitive obturators were fabricated. The SI test described by Plank et al.1 and Wheeler et al.8 was employed in this study. There were significant improvements in the mean SI score from 59.8% without prosthetic obturation, to 89.2% following interim obturation, and 94.7% following definitive obturation (p<0.005).

Nine patients (75%) had class I surgical defects, two patients (16.67%) had class II defects, while only one patient (8.33%) had a class VI surgical defect. None of the patients had class III, IV, or class V surgical defects. There was an improvement in the SI score from class I to class VI without obturation, after insertion of interim obturator, and after insertion of the definitive obturator.

Conclusion

Results support the widely held view that the maxillary obturator is a useful speech rehabilitation aid. It also shows immediate, interim, and definitive obturators are all important in the speech rehabilitation of patients with surgically acquired maxillary defects. Moreover SI is affected by the class of defect.

Citation

Arigbede AO, Dosumu OO, Shaba OP, Esan TA. Evaluation of Speech in Patients with Partial Surgically Acquired Defects: Pre and Post Prosthetic Obturation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7) 1:089-096.
A Comparison Between Two Types of Radiographic Film for Accuracy of Measurements of Approximal Osseous Defects
Authors: Masood Farah , Angelopoulos Christos , Glaros Alan
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to compare two types of conventional radiographic film: Ekta-speed plus and Insight (Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester NY, USA) for accuracy of measurements of approximal bone loss.

Methods and Materials

Four dried human mandibles with complete dentition were selected. Radiographic images were made with a standardized technique. Mesial and distal bone levels on the mandibular premolar and molar teeth were measured on the two types of radiographs (Ekta-speed plus and Insight) by nine observers. The data obtained by the observers were compared with the primary investigators’ corresponding measurements, which served as “the ground truth” for this study.

Results

The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated a significant difference for the Ektaspeed plus film (p = .001), but the difference was not clinically significant. The level of intra-rater reliability was high for the observers (0.969 to 0.990).

Conclusion

Performance of Ekta-speed plus and Insight films was found to be similar.

Citation

Masood F, Angelopoulos C, Glaros A. A Comparison Between Two Types of Radiographic Film for Accuracy of Measurements of Approximal Osseous Defects. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:022-029.
Penetration of Fluids into Peridontal Pockets Using a Powered Toothebrush/Irrigator Device
Authors: Thompson Ana L. , Brackett Martha Goêl , Drisko Connie L. , Waller Jennifer L. , Marshall Donna L. , Schuster George S.
Published: July 2019

This study was a single-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. The researchers evaluated a powered brush/irrigating device (HydraBrush Oral Health System™; OHS) for its safety and ability to deliver a solution to the bottom of 5-6 mm pockets, compared to rinsing alone with a solution following brushing with a powered toothbrush (Sonicare Elite™ 7800; SE). An evaluation technique to measure the quantity and quality of solution able to enter the pocket was also introduced in this project.

Methods

Subjects were randomized in one of two-groups: brush plus simultaneous irrigation (OHS) versus brush plus rinsing (SE). Subjects used their devices at home for two weeks. At the measurement visit, subjects used the OHS to irrigate and brush simultaneously for 1 minute (30 seconds per each side of the mouth) with a 0.01% erythrosine disclosing solution in 10 oz of distilled water. Control subjects brushed for 2 minutes with a SE followed by a 1 minute rinse with an identical disclosing solution. A blinded evaluator collected six samples of approximately of 1 μL of sucular fluid from six 5-6 mm evaluation sites. This was accomplished by inserting a microcapillary tip with a 20 μL micropipette in the sulcus. Two-group repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine differences in two measures of the disclosing solution between OHS and SE subjects; the spectrometer reading of the disclosing solutions, and by visual inspection of the samples (positive/negative) to determine the presence or absence of solution in the samples. Subjects’ diaries were collected. Bleeding and discomfort during the evaluation period was reported.

Results

Visually, OHS had a significantly greater proportion of solution taken from the base of 5-6 mm sites than the SE (p=0.0001). However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p=.1359) in the spectrophotometer readings.

Conclusion

The experimental device is more efficient in delivering a solution to the base of 5-6 mm pockets than rinsing following use of a control powered toothbrush. Both devices have demonstrated they are safe and well accepted by patients. The technique developed provides a useful method for quantitative and qualitative studies of solutions from the base of periodontal pockets.

Citation

Brackett MG, Drisko CL, Thompson AL, Waller JL, Marshall DL, Schuster GS. Penetration of Fluids into Periodontal Pockets Using a Powered Toothbrush/Irrigator Device. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July:(7)3:030-039.
Gene Therapy in Periodontics: A Review and Future Implications
Authors: Karthikeyan B.V. , Pradeep A.R.
Published: July 2019

New advancements in gene therapy continue to have a significant impact on dentistry since 1995. At the same time, periodontal disease has attracted the attention of scholars and research scientists as a global concern. With a better understanding of disease progression and new advancement in biological science, gene therapy has emerged to enhance existing therapy and has radically recast approaches to the management of periodontal disease. Since the advent of gene therapy in dentistry, significant progress has been made to control periodontal disease and reconstruct the dentoalveolar apparatus. However, to date, gene therapy methods have not been developed to control periodontal disease due to its multifactorial origin, complex genetic predisposition, and risk associated with it. This review article provides a brief insight into the ever-expanding field of gene therapy and its possible future implication in the field of periodontics. Most of the modalities described in this article are more theoretical and still in infancy stage except for genetically fabricated materials used for regenerative purposes.

Citation

Karthikeyan BV, Pradeep AR. Gene Therapy in Periodontics: A Review and Future Implications. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:083-091.
Viability of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts in Tissue Culture After Exposure to Different Contact Lens Solutions
Authors: Al-Nazhan Saad , Al-Nasser Afaf
Published: July 2019

Aim

The viability of the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells is critical for successful healing of replanted avulsed teeth. Viability is primarily dependent on the duration of the extra-alveolar time and storage medium used to preserve teeth. Several storage media have been suggested but milk ranks highest. It would be desirable to evaluate other media as a suitable alternative for milk. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of human PDL fibroblasts and their morphology after storage in different types of contact lens solutions.

Methods and Materials

PDL fibroblasts were cultured from a healthy extracted impacted human tooth and exposed to Bausch and Lomb (Renu), Ciba Vision (Titmus), and Alcon (Opti-free) contact lens solutions. Eagle's minimal essential medium served as control. The experiment was performed in plastic tissue culture clusters containing 24 wells. The PDL fibroblasts were grown in each well for three days. On the day of the experiment the culture medium was decanted, the cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS), and 1 ml of the tested solution was placed in each culture well. All tissue culture clusters were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 and 95% air for one, four, and 24 hrs. At the end of the incubation period, the cells were fixed and prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination.

Results

The results indicated Renu and Opti-free solutions were superior to Titmus solution in terms of their capacity to maintain the viability and normal morphology of PDL fibroblasts.

Conclusion

Contact lens solution is a good storage medium to maintain the viability of PDL fibroblasts for a short-term period.

Citation

Al-Nazhan S, Al-Nasser A. Viability of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts in Tissue Culture After Exposure to Different Contact Lens Solutions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:037-044.
Effects of Repeated Fluoride Varnish Application on Different Restorative Surfaces
Authors: Salama Fouad S. , Schulte K. Marche' , Iseman Michael F. , Reinhardt John W.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of repeated (twice) applications of two fluoride varnishes (Duraflor and CavityShield) on the surface micromorphology of a high-viscosity glass ionomer (Fuji IX GP), a compomer (F2000), and a flowable composite (Filtek™ Flow) using a profilometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Methods and Materials

Fifteen specimens were prepared from each material, surface roughness (Ra) was measured with a profilometer, and an impression was made for epoxy replicas. The fluoride varnishes were applied to the experimental specimens of each material at repeated intervals of 48 hours. For all specimens, Ra was measured and SEM replicas were examined.

Results

The final Ra of glass ionomer was 3.49 ± 0.59 (mean ± SD) for CavityShield, 4.69 ± 1.33 for Duraflor, and 2.96 ± 1.53 for the controls. The final Ra of flowable composite was 0.53 ± 0.20 for CavityShield, 2.61 ± 3.08 for Duraflor, and 0.15 ± 0.09 for controls. For glass ionomer and flowable composite, Duraflor was associated with a significantly higher roughness at the final measurement compared to controls (P < 0.05). SEM micrographs showed differing surface topographies which in many specimens confirmed Ra analysis.

Conclusion

Fuji IX GP and Filtek™ Flow showed significantly higher roughness after two applications of Duraflor compared to controls.

Citation

Salama FS, Schulte KM, Iseman MF, Reinhardt JW. Effects of Repeated Fluoride Varnish Application on Different Restorative Surfaces. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:054-061.
Prevalence and Severity of Hypertension in a Dental Hygiene Clinic
Authors: Hughes Cynthia T. , Collins Marie A. , Thompson Ana Luz , Downey Mary Cannon , Herman Wayne W. , LNU Joseph Louis Konzelman , Ward Sue Tucker
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of hypertension in a dental hygiene clinic and evaluate factors related to the disease.

Methods and Materials

Records of 615 patients, treated by dental hygiene students during 2003, were reviewed. Data collected included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, presence of diabetes and renal disease, non-modifiers (race, gender, and age), and modifiers (marital status, smoking habits, and occupation).

Results

According to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) classification, 154 (25%) of the subjects had normal blood pressure readings, 374 (60.8%) had prehypertension, and 87 (14.1%) had stage 1 hypertension. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the JNC7 classification between groups when considering the non-modifiers’ race (p=.02) and the modifiers’ smoking habits (p=.03) and occupation (p=.01). A statistically significant difference in the JNC7 classification existed between groups with diabetes (p=.00). The majority of patients had blood pressure readings in the prehypertension stage.

Conclusion

Based on these results, the researchers recommend clinical policy modifications which include: additional documentation for blood pressure readings in the prehypertension stage, lowering the systolic reading from 160 mmHg to 140 mmHg when adding hypertension alert labels, and noting prehypertension/ hypertension on the dental hygiene care plan with the appropriate interventions.

Citation

Thompson AL, Collins MA, Downey MC, Herman WW, Konzelman Jr JL, Ward ST, Hughes CT. Prevalence and Severity of Hypertension in a Dental Hygiene Clinic. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:013-020.
Orthodontic Treatment Complexity and Need in a Group of Nigerian Patients: The Relationship between the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the Index of Complexity
Authors: Onyeaso Chukwudi Ochi
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this retrospective analytical study was to assess the relationship between the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON) on the orthodontic treatment need and complexity in a group of Nigerian patients.

Methods and Materials

Fifty-six cases were randomly selected from the model storage of the orthodontic unit of the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. The ICON was used to assess the pre-treatment study models for orthodontic treatment need and complexity of the cases while the DAI was also used to assess the same cases for treatment need. Descriptive statistics as well as the non-parametric (Spearman Rank-Order and Pearson's Product Moment) correlations were used to analyze the data.

Results

The mean ICON and DAI scores were 67.38±19.63 (SD) and 42.27±12 .66 (SD), respectively. Both the ICON and DAI agreed that one (1.8%) case did not need treatment while 46 (82.1%) needed treatment. All the difficult and very difficult cases according to the ICON were assessed as needing treatment by the DAI with 18 (13.1%) out of 22 (39.3%) in the very difficult category belonging to the handicapping group where treatment was mandatory. In all positive significant correlations were recorded for the ICON and DAI scores.

Conclusion

The ICON and DAI showed favorable agreement when used to assess treatment needs through the use of study casts. The ICON could be a good substitute for the DAI in assessing pre-treatment needs of Nigerian patients.

Citation

Onyeaso CO. Orthodontic Treatment Complexity and Need in a Group of Nigerian Patients: The Relationship between the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON). J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:037-044.
Non-syndrome Multiple Supernumerary Teeth: A Case Report
Authors: Gündüz Kaan , Muğlali Mehtap
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this case report is to present a case of a non-syndrome male patient with multiple supplemental supernumerary teeth in three quadrants of his mouth.

Background

Supernumerary teeth are described as the teeth formed in excess of the number found in a normal dentition. Prevalence of supernumerary teeth varies between 0.1% and 3.8% in the general Caucasian population. Multiple supernumerary teeth are not a common occurence, although a single or a few supernumerary tooth/teeth in each case have been widely reported in the literature.

Report

An 11-year-old male presented for a routine preventive dental visit. A routine panoramic radiograph showed the presence of multiple supernumerary teeth which were located in the maxillary right canine incisor region, the maxillary left premolar region, and the mandibular right premolar region. The family's medical history was non-contributory, and an extraoral examination did not reveal any abnormality.

It is rare to find multiple supernumerary teeth in individuals with no other associated diseases or syndromes. This case report presents a case of a non-syndrome male patient with multiple supplemental supernumerary teeth in three quadrants of his mouth.

Citation

Gündüz K, Muğlali M. Non-syndrome Multiple Supernumerary Teeth: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:081-087.
Periodontal Findings and Blood Analysis of Blood Donors: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hornecker Else , Ziebolz Dirk , Jäger Gesa C. , Mausberg Rainer F.
Published: July 2019

Aim

Before blood donation a medical check-up is mandatory to ascertain the health of the donor and to detect infections clinically. Although gingivitis and periodontitis are also bacterial infections, the oral cavity is only inspected superficially. The purpose of this study was to investigate the periodontal condition of blood donors and whether this affects the results of their blood tests.

Methods and Materials

A total of 192 blood donors were examined. The investigation included a periodontal examination to determine the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), an analysis of blood chemistry, as well as the determination of hematologic, coagulation, and immune parameters C-reactive protein (CRP), Neopterin, Procalcitonin (PCT), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Groups were formed according to periodontal status: “healthy” (n=47, mean age 24±4 years), “gingivitis” (n=65, mean age 24±4 years), and “periodontitis” (n=80, mean age 29±8 years). Most parameters of the routine blood test as well as the immune parameters were unremarkable with regard to the periodontal status. The values for SGPT, GGTP, uric acid, triglycerides, total protein (TP), RBC, hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HC), Eos, and Baso were also within the normal range. Nevertheless, statistical analysis showed some significant differences in these parameters between the “healthy” group and the “periodontitis” group (p≤0.05).

Results

The results of this study show some blood donors have infections of the gingiva and/or of other periodontal tissues. Whether this is a sufficient reason to exclude them from blood donation, or in which case potential donors should be excluded, is not yet known. Nevertheless, it seems reasonable to integrate a screening method for revealing at least severe periodontitis in the medical check-up of blood donors.

Citation

Ziebolz D, Jäger GC, Hornecker E, Mausberg RF. Periodontal Findings and Blood Analysis of Blood Donors: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:043-050.
Oral Paracoccidioidomycosis: A Case without Lung Manifestations
Authors: Andrade Miguel Gustavo Setúbal , Medrado Alena Peixoto , de Brito Igor Costa , de Almeida Reis Silvia Regina
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this article is to present a case of Paracoccidioidomycosis with involvement of the oral cavity but without pulmonary manifestations.

Background

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. It is an endemic disease representing a serious health problem for Latin American countries, especially Brazil. This infection primarily affects the lungs of adult men and is acquired through inhalation or accidental inoculation of the fungus. It can spread to other organs and tissues, mainly the oral cavity. Administration of antifungal medication always resolves the disease.

Report

A 58-year-old black male presented with three painless, ulcerated, mulberry-like granulomatous lesions located in the floor of the mouth, on the superior alveolar ridge, and on the hard palate, which had evolved over a period of two years. Facial asymmetry was observed due to edema in the lower lip and lymphadenopathy. He had smoked for more than six years but showed no evidence of lung alterations, productive cough, or fever. Panoramic radiography showed no signs of a bone lesion in the jaws. Both a radiograph and a CT scan of the thorax showed no areas of nodular infiltration. Fibrobronchoscopic examination of the entire respiratory tract was normal. Biopsies of the oral lesions were performed, and tissue sections exhibited oral mucosa coated with non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with acanthosis and focal areas of exocytosis. The underlying connective tissue showed an intense lymphocytic and polymorphonuclear infiltrate in addition to multinuclear giant cells and coagulation necrosis. A special stain used for fungus (the Grocott-Gomori method) was positive. Pulmonary biopsy exhibited aerial spaces containing macrophages, dark granular hemossiderin, and absence of fungus. This was considered normal. In agreement with the recommendation of pneumologists 400 mg/day of ketoconazole was prescribed for the patient. After two months of treatment, even though the oral lesions had resolved completely, the therapy was maintained for six months more. One year after following treatment the patient was in good health and free of any signs of a recurrent infection.

Based on clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings the differential diagnosis included paracoccidioidomycosis and squamous cell carcinoma. Following clinical and biopsy examinations of the oral lesions and the lungs a final diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis was made. This is a prime example of oral manifestations of a systemic disease in which the dentist is the initial health care professional to evaluate the patient due to the location of the lesions.

Citation

Andrade MGS, Medrado AP, de Brito IC, de Almeida Reis SR. Oral Paracoccidioidomycosis: A Case without Lung Manifestations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:092-098.
Anticaries Potential of Commercial Dentifrices as Determined by Fluoridation and Remineralization Efficiency
Authors: Casals Elias , Boukpessi Tchilalo , McQueen Christina M. , Eversole Sandy L. , Faller Robert V.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate fluoride uptake in human enamel after use of commercially available toothpastes containing different fluoride compounds, or combinations of fluoride actives formulated into a single product, as a means of determining the efficiency of each formula for delivering caries preventing fluoride to demineralized (caries active) enamel.

Methods and Materials

Four test dentifrices and two controls were assessed and placed in groups as follows: Group 1: Lacer® (Spain); Group 2: Positive control-USP Reference Standard 1100 ppm F; Group 3: Fluocaril® Bi-Fluoré 250 (France); Group 4: Colgate Fluor Active (Denmark); Group 5: Elmex® (France); and Group 6: A placebo (formulated the same as the USP Reference Standard toothpaste with the exception that it contained < 1 ppm F). Cores 3 mm in diameter were removed from erupted human enamel specimens (extracted by local oral surgeons for orthodontic reasons) and stored in 1% Thymol solution prior to use. They were ground and polished to remove the natural fluoride rich enamel layer, then exposed to a demineralization solution, and assessed for surface microhardness to enable randomization for use in the study. Each group of five specimens underwent a daily pH cycling procedure that involved exposure to pooled human saliva (refreshed three times daily). The groups were then exposed to dentifrice slurries four times daily for one minute per exposure and to a demineralization solution for three hours. The cycling procedure was repeated for five days. Specimens were again analyzed for surface microhardness and fluoride uptake upon completion of five days of treatment.

Results

Average surface hardness: Groups 2 and 3 showed a statistically significant greater (p<0.05) change indicating greater remineralization compared to all other groups. The average change was 23.45 for Group 2 and 22.65 for Group 3. All other groups had changes ranging from 4.25-8.62. No other statistically significant differences were observed between groups. Fluoride uptake results: Groups 2 and 3 showed statistically significantly greater fluoride uptake versus all other groups (p <0.05). Groups 1 and 5 were significantly different from Group 6. No other statistically significant differences were observed for either analysis.

Conclusions

Of the marketed products included in the study, the Fluocaril® Bi-Fluoré 250 product formulation provided both the highest level of fluoride uptake and mineralization to the demineralized enamel. The clinical significance of these in vitro results is the confirmation Fluocaril® Bi-Fluoré 250 is effective at remineralizing enamel caries lesions.

Citation

Casals E, Boukpessi T, McQueen CM, Eversole SL, Faller RV. Anticaries Potential of Commercial Dentifrices as Determined by Fluoridation and Remineralization Efficiency. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:001-010.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Complete Bilateral Maxillectomy Patient Using a Simple Magnetically Connected Hollow Obturator: A Case Report
Authors: Chandra T. Sunil , Sholapurkar Amar , Joseph Robin Mathai , Aparna I.N. , Pai Keerthilatha M.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this clinical report is to present a description of the prosthetic rehabilitation of a bilateral complete maxillectomy patient using a two piece magnetically connected prosthesis.

Background

A complete bilateral maxillectomy defect presents a considerable reconstructive challenge for the prosthodontist. It results in devastating effects on cosmetic, functional, and psychological aspects of the patient.

Report

A 46-year-old woman reported with a chief complaint of missing teeth in the upper jaw. Her primary concerns were a poor facial appearance, inability to chew food, and regurgitation of the food into the nasal cavity. She was diagnosed with carcinoma of the maxillary sinus, for which a bilateral maxillectomy was done followed by post surgical radiation therapy. The prosthetic treatment objectives were to separate the nasal and oral cavities, restore the mid-facial contour, and improve her masticatory functions by providing a full complement of maxillary teeth using a two-piece connected hollow obturator prosthesis connected by a magnet.

Insertion and removal of a large prostheses used for rehabilitation of midfacial defects requires good neuromotor coordination and an adequate mouth opening. Because these factors were problematic for this patient, the treatment plan was to fabricate a two piece magnetically connected prosthesis. After fabrication and insertion of the prosthesis, the fit between two sections was evaluated and instructions for insertion, removal, and maintenance of the obturator were given. The patient's speech, masticatory efficiency, and swallowing dramatically improved after insertion.

Citation

Chandra TS, Sholapurkar A, Joseph RM, Aparna IN, Pai KM. Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Complete Bilateral Maxillectomy Patient Using a Simple Magnetically Connected Hollow Obturator: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:070-076.
Treatment Considerations for a Patient with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report
Authors: Tüfekcioğlu Dilek , Bal Chenkhan , Bal Bilge Turhan
Published: July 2019

Aim

This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a 6-year-old male ectodermal dysplasia (ED) patient diagnosed with hypodontia.

Background

ED is a hereditary disease characterized by a congenital dysplasia of one or more ectodermal structures and their accessory appendages. Common manifestations include defective hair follicles and eyebrows, frontal bossing with prominent supraorbital ridges, nasal bridge depression, and protuberant lips. Intraorally, most common findings are anadontia or hypodontia, conical teeth, and generalize spaces. The patient may suffer from dry skin, hyperthermia, and unexplained high fever as a result of deficiency of sweat glands.

Report

A six-year-old boy who exhibited many of the manifestations of ED as well as behavioral problems and a severe gag reflex. The treatment was designed to improve his appearance and oral functions and included the fabrication of several removable prostheses and acid-etched composite resin restorations during his growth and development.

Young patients with ED need to be evaluated early by a dental professional to determine the oral ramifications of the condition. When indicated, appropriate care needs to be rendered throughout the child's growth cycle to maintain oral functions as well as to address the esthetic needs of the patient. This clinical report demonstrates that removable partial dentures associated with direct composite restorations can be a reversible and inexpensive method of treatment for young ED patients.

Citation

Bal C, Bal BT, Casela L, Tüfekçioğlu D. Treatment Considerations for a Patient with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:128-134.
Arthroscopy vs. Open-joint Surgery for the Management of Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Retrospective Study Comparing Female Subjects from Two Centers
Authors: Almas Khalid , Hobeiche Joseph , Tashkandi Esam
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the treatment outcome of arthroscopy and open-joint surgery in the management of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Background

Apart from pain being the major complaint in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs), a variety of function-related symptoms are reported including joint noises, locking, limited movement, and alterations in occlusion. Surgical management procedures of internal derangement of the TMJ vary widely at present. The criteria for the assessment of successful outcome of the treatment are also variable.

Methods and Materials

The retrospective study was carried out at two centers in Paris and Beirut. Sixty-two female patients with an age range of 35.1 years (28 had arthroscopy and 34 had open surgery) were included in the study. The patients were followed-up for 12 months. A standardized questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS) was developed and used for the assessment of pain and mandibular range of motion. A chi-square test was used to observe the significance of difference among both groups.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded arthroscopic surgery appeared to be safe with pain reduction and increased mandibular range of motion for 80% of the patients. Further research is needed on a larger prospective sample to assess the comparison of both techniques in terms of enhanced quality of life among the study population.

Clinical significance

Arthroscopic surgery appears to be a safe, minimally invasive, and effective method for treating internal derangements of the TMJ.

Citation

Hobeiche J, Salameh Z, Tashkandi E, Almas K. Arthroscopy vs. Open-joint Surgery for the Management of Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Retrospective Study Comparing Female Subjects from Two Centers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:048-055.
Dental Age Assessment of 8.5 to 17 Year-old Saudi Children Using Demirjian's Method
Authors: Al-Emran Suiaiman
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the dental age in Saudi children aged 8.5 to 17 years using the Demirjian method.

Methods and Materials

Four hundred ninety panoramic radiographs of boys and girls were reviewed retrospectively. All children were placed in the age group closest to their chronological age. The dental age was scored on all seven left mandibular teeth by one examiner.

Results

Both boys and girls in age groups nine to 14 years showed advanced dental age compared to their chronological age which was found to be statistically significant except in age groups nine and 13 years. Saudi boys were 0.3 years and Saudi girls 0.4 years ahead, on average, of French-Canadian children as analyzed by the Demirjian method.

Conclusion

The standard values for French-Canadian children provided by Demirjian vary slightly for application to Saudi children. As a result, new graphs and tables were produced to convert these maturity scores, calculated by the Demirjian method, to the dental age for Saudi children.

Citation

Al-Emran S. Dental Age Assessment of 8.5 to 17 Year-old Saudi Children Using Demirjian's Method. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:064-071.