bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serotonin and cyclic sleep organization in healthy full-term newborns
Authors: Zvereva Natalia A. , Milyutina Yulia P. , Evsyukova Inna I.
Published: April 2021

Relevance: The growth of neuropsychiatric diseases caused by perinatal pathology indicates the need to study the biochemical markers of brain damage in the newborn for the timely prevention of adverse consequences. Serotonin in early ontogenesis provides intensive development of neuronal structures and cortical networks involved in the mechanisms of formation of cyclic sleep organization a fine criterion of morphofunctional development of the brain.
aim: The aim of the work is to study the content of serotonin in healthy full-term newborns in comparison with the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the electropoligraphic sleep pattern.
Material and methods: 84 healthy newborns were examined, which, depending on the gestational age, were divided into 3 groups: I 37 weeks (20 people), II 38 weeks (24 people), III 39-40 weeks (40 people). The content of serotonin in platelet-rich plasma of blood from the umbilical cord vein and in platelet suspension prepared from venous blood taken from mothers and children on the first day of life and again on day 5 was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the sleep electropoligram was performed 7-12 hours after birth.
Results: The content of serotonin in platelet-rich plasma in umbilical cord blood in children does not depend on the method of birth, is 2 times lower than in the venous blood of mothers (0.379 0.116 microns/l, versus 0.756 0.200 microns/l, but there is a high correlation between the indicators (r = 0.8, p 0.05). At the gestational age of 39-40 weeks, the level of serotonin in platelet-rich plasma and in venous blood platelets is significantly higher than in those born at 37 weeks. In the latter, the increase in the content of serotonin in platelets continues after birth (at day 1, 0.539 0.149 nM/109 Tr, and on day 5 0.846 0.094 nM/109 Tr; p 0.05), whereas the indicators for those born at 39-40 weeks of pregnancy. They do not change (0.797 0.190 nM/109 Tr and 0.749 0.142 nM/109 Tr, respectively). A significant increase in the content of serotonin in the platelet-rich plasma and in the platelets of the child in the period from 37 to 39 weeks, both during intrauterine development and in the first days of life, correlates with an increase in the representation of the orthodox phase in the sleep cycle.
Conclusion: The general pattern of changes in serotonin content and cyclic sleep organization in the early neonatal period in healthy newborns, depending on gestational age, indicates the possibility of using the obtained standard values of serotonin as a biochemical marker of functional brain development.
The application of big data for the analysis of passenger flow on the high-speed lines of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kamenkov Alexander L.
Published: April 2021

Background: Data that combines techniques and technologies that make sense of information at the extreme limit of practicality is called "big data." Big data contributed to a deeper understanding of the behavior of the features of many systems, and, in particular, the transport system. Big data from various sources with a different range of data scales is becoming more accessible to society. However, in the framework of railway transport, obtaining big data relevant for users, which are both private individuals and companies, is a difficult task, and data collection tools are scarce and their absence is an obstacle to an in-depth study of the patterns of human mobility. The informational basis of the study is the data on unclaimed Sapsan train tickets in the direction Moscow - St. Petersburg during the period February 19, 2020 - March 4, 2020. Information on unclaimed tickets allows us to analyze the behavior of railway users during their travels along the Moscow - St. Petersburg route in a weekly and daily breakdown for the period February 19, 2020 - March 4, 2020.
Aim: Analysis of the behavior of passengers of railway transport based on publicly available big data from the official website of Russian Railways.
Materials and Methods: The discovered daily cycle gives us the opportunity to conclude on the preferences of passengers and allows us to carry out further research in this direction, based on the results. The result of the study can be called finding some patterns in the preferences of passengers. This study is relevant for companies whose field of activity is associated with rail transport, as well as for companies directly involved in transportation. The data obtained in the study allow, using separate methods of intellectual analysis or applied programming, to perform A / B testing, build marketing strategies, optimize production and solve other problems associated with assessing passenger flow and passenger movement.
Results: A wavy diurnal cycle of maximum line congestion was detected, distinguished by two time periods: 06.00 - 09.00 and 15.00 -17.00. It was found that the lowest occupancy rate was during the working week. It was revealed that a higher occupancy rate - about 90 % - was from Friday to Sunday in both one and the other direction of movement. A difference in occupancy between train directions was also found. Trains moving from Moscow to St. Petersburg are more densely populated.
Mathematical modeling of a strain gauge measurement system in MATLAB SIMULINK program
Authors: Raianov Timur A.
Published: April 2021

Background: In recent years, modern strain gauge systems for measuring, which are used in automobile, railway, aviation, and ship transport, as well as in the pulp, paper, and metallurgical industries, have become extremely popular. These metrological systems provide accurate measurement in difficult operating conditions. The most popular among sensors are strain gauges, they are increasingly used in various areas of marine operations and legal proceedings. They are the optimal solution in the field of torque measurement.
Aim: The program creates a model of a strain gauge measurement system. Analysis of power output characteristics.
Methods: The article describes the construction of a mathematical model of the strain gauge measurement system. The MATLAB SIMULINK library was used for simulation. The work is based on mathematical modeling and is aimed at creating a computer-based strain gauge model. The output characteristics are analyzed. The accuracy of the software model measurement was verified by checking the convergence of the actual and measured values.
Results: A software model of the strain gauge force measurement system was created to create a real computer strain gauge measurement system. Output characteristics are obtained.
Conclusions:

A software model of the strain gauge measurement system is proposed;
The output characteristics were studied and the measurement accuracy was checked.
Use of modern mechanisms of increasing efficiency of transport system elements of the coastal regions in the North Russia
Authors: Yushchenko Viacheslav V. , Khrapov Vladimir E. , Turchaninova Tatyana V.
Published: April 2021

The Russian Federation by its geographical position is a maritime power that had been occupying a leading position until a certain period of time. All the processes taking place in Russia during the transition period to a market economy negatively affected the country's maritime activities. In recent years, Russia has been making serious efforts to regain the leading position of a maritime power. In all the areas of maritime activities the Russian Federation provides support to domestic sectors of the economy using modern economic mechanisms for innovative development in order to increase the competitiveness of domestic business structures. One of the directions in the formation of a new structure of the Russian economy is the creation of state corporations, the merger of enterprises, the introduction of the cluster approach to the spatial integration of business entities located in separate territories.
In their article the authors suggested using modern mechanisms of increasing the efficiency of the elements of the transport system of the coastal regions in the North of Russia for enterprises with single and small-scale production, which include shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises, using clustering as an effective mechanism to increase competitiveness, both in the domestic and foreign markets.
The paper analyzes the use of modern economic mechanisms, such as joint ventures and the cluster approach in the shipbuilding industry of Russia, estimates the current state of ship repair enterprises in the coastal region of the North of Russia and proposes a conceptual approach to create a cluster of ship repair enterprises in the Murmansk region in order to satisfy the need for ship repair services, the volume of which has increased recently in all coastal regions of the North of Russia.
Increasing the investment attractiveness of transport organizations engaged in intermodal container transport during the pandemic crisis
Authors: Chechenova Liana M.
Published: April 2021

Background: The coming period of the world economy's recovery from the first stage of the pandemic crisis will seriously change the situation in the cargo and passenger segment. According to the current situation, the global market is marked by a violation of the usual links between producers and consumers, an imbalance in transport flows associated with changes in demand. At the same time, during the crisis, container cargo transportation by rail is the main tool, since a significant amount of anti-epidemic protection equipment from China was transported by trains. It is clear that in the near future, the market dynamics depends primarily on further developments and measures of state support for industries and businesses.
Aim: assessment of factors of the crisis economy, as well as analysis and evaluation of investment attractiveness of transport organizations engaged in intermodal container cargo transportation on the example of the largest operator in Russia.
Methods: to achieve this goal, standard research methods were used: theoretical, experimental; complex methods of analysis and evaluation of business processes, methods of qualitative and quantitative data analysis.
Results: systematize factors that significantly changes the model of the transportation business; analyze the loss of earnings as the result of a crisis situation on the market; given the method of evaluating the investment attractiveness of the largest Russian container operator on the basis of complex use of accounting approach and rating method of evaluation; introduced an analytical map of improvement of investment attractiveness with reasonable measures in the form of blocks for formulation of the plans of the organization, the business model of container transport, road map and forecasting results.
Model of effective market and technology of freight railway transportation
Authors: Belnitsky Danila S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Liberalization processes, an attempt of the railway industry to transition to a new market model (free competition market) without corresponding changes in the component of the model, negatively affect the efficiency of the railway industry and the efficiency of the freight railway service market.
This article proposes to look at the problem not from the standpoint of changing the form of ownership in the industry and the formation of a free competition market, but from the standpoint of finding an equilibrium between the technology of work and the applied model of the freight rail transport market. The research is based on the well-known Industrial organization concept. The author views the market as a living mechanism that responds to changes in its components within its own field, not only as a place for transactions. The efficiency of the freight rail transport market largely depends on the technology for creating a freight rail service. It is proposed to form a market model focusing not on the type of competition, but on a certain harmony of the technology of freight railway service and the market, or rather the balance of the components of the service market.
Aim: to define a model of an efficient rail freight market. in which the railway industry can show maximum efficiency.
Methods: expert assessment of attempt to change the model of the railway freight market; analysis of the reasons for the imbalance in the economic mechanism of transportation activities in the field of freight railway transportation; attempt to structure goals of an efficient railway freight market.
Results: the author's interpretation of the concepts is presented: "The market of freight rail transportation", "The economy of freight rail transportation", "The owner of the process of freight rail transportation", "Participant of the process of freight rail transportation"; a model is proposed, the image and goals of an effective freight railway service market are formed.
Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, recommendations can be formulated on the formation of a balanced model of the rail freight market and adjusting the goals and the existing market model.
De la filosofía mecánica a la filosofía experimental: el caso de Robert Boyle
Authors: Cárdenas Barreto José Luis
Published: April 2021

En este artículo quiero argumentar a favor de la idea de que la filosofía mecánica desarrolladapor Robert Boyle desempeñó un papel importante, pero limitado, en la explicaciónde los fenómenos que sus experimentos generaban, es decir, la defensa de su mecanicismocomo la “mejor hipótesis” disponible solo logra explicar adecuadamente una parte específicade sus trabajos, mientras que el resto de su obra, en especial sus historias naturales,no requerían el apoyo total de la filosofía mecánica para generar nuevo conocimiento. Eneste sentido, uno de los elementos clave para comprender la dinámica y complejidad desu propuesta en la filosofía natural del siglo XVII es el desarrollo de la filosofía experimental,más que el apego al mecanicismo.
THE APPLICATION OF NPWT TECHNIQUE IN TREATMENT OF AN EXTENSIVE INFECTED SUBGALEAL HEMATOMA IN AN ADULT
Authors:   Sechenov First MoscowState Medical University (Sechenov University), Lipatov K.V. , Asatryan A.G. ,   4th Moscow Clinical Hospital, Melkonyan G.G. ,   4th Moscow Clinical Hospital, Kirillin A.V. ,   4th Moscow Clinical Hospital, Gorbacheva I.V. ,   Sechenov First MoscowState Medical University (Sechenov University), Dekhissi E.I. ,   Sechenov First MoscowState Medical University (Sechenov University), Arlou P.A. ,   International Software Development Company Innowise, Volchenko O.V. ,   V. T. Zaytsev Institute of General and Urgent Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been proven to be one of the most effective techniques in the treatment of severely infected wounds of various origins and localizations. At the same time, the prospects for its application are constantly expanding. This clinical observation demonstrates the use of NPWT in the treatment of an adult patient hospitalized in severe condition with a picture of extensive post-traumatic infected subgaleal hematoma. The development of a generalized suppurative purulent process was contributed both by the patient’s late request for medical help (18th day after the injury) and, as a consequence, the lack of primary surgical treatment of the scalp soft tissue injury, as well as the anatomical features of this area. The magnetic resonance tomography as instrumental examination methods played a significant role in the diagnosis of complications in addition to clinical data. Medical tactics was based on the surgical treatment of the infected focus, the application of antibacterial therapy, taking into consideration the isolated microbial flora (Streptococcus pyogenes). To eliminate severe inflammatory changes in the tissues and to reduce the size of the vast subaponeurotic cavity, NPWT technique was applied, which made it possible in short time to prepare a postoperative wound for surgical closure. The early secondary suturing at the final stage of treatment allowed obtaining a good result.
SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS FOR LIVER ECHINOCOCCOSIS
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No1, Aliev M.Zh. , Zubekhina L.M. ,   Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Niiazbekov K.I. ,   Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Tushina N.V. ,   National Ilizarov Scientific Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics
Published: April 2021

Objective. To evaluate the results and effectiveness of simultaneous operations for echinococcosis of the liver. Methods. Surgical diseases requiring surgical treatment (cholelithiasis: calculus cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, nodular goiter, ventral postoperative hernia) were detected in 38 patients with echinococcosis of the liver. 23 patients underwent organ-preserving operations for echinococcosis, and 15 patients underwent radical operations, all operations were perfomed in combined with cholecystectomy, choledocholitotomy, thyroidectomy, and herniotomy (coating of a polypropylenemesh for hernia gate).Immediate and remote results were studied. Patients were reexamined 6 months after surgery within a 3-year period. The examination included the checkup, general blood test, liver and kidney tests, an ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs, and a chest x-ray once a year. Results. During theimmediate postoperative period 4 patients out of 38 (10.5%) had complications. After simultaneous operations using organ-preserving methods of echinococcectomy, 2 patients out of 23 (8.7%) had complications (pleuritis, wound suppuration), and 2 - out of 15 had radical operations (bile leakage, pleuritis). All complications had been cured by the time of discharge. The remote results were studied over a period of 6 months to 3 years. 34 patients were examined up to 1 year, 31 - from 1 to 2 years, 26 - from 2 to 3 years. Within the examination and follow-up periods no recurrence of echinoccosis was observed. Conclusion. During simultaneous operations and the echinococcectomy of the liver it is necessary to observe accurately the rules of aparasiticity and antiparasiticity.Simultaneous operations for the liver echinococcosis should be performed according to strict indications and by a highlyexperiencedandqualified surgeon. Patients who have undergone simultaneous operations was asked toundergoa medicalcontrol examination at least once a year. What this paper adds The possibility of performing simultaneous operations for echinococcosis of the liver has been defined. The sequence of operations for echinococcosis in combination with other pathologies requiring surgical treatment has been justified.
Statins in patients with acute ischemic stroke: when we should start therapy?
Authors: Yanishevskiy S. N. , Skiba I. B. , Polushin A. Y.
Published: April 2021

Lipid-lowering therapy is known to be an important part of ischemic stroke secondary prevention, however, the exact timing of its initiation or re-starting in the patients with ischemic stroke is not yet defined strictly. Accumulating evidence of pleiotropic (i. e. non-lipid-lowering) effects of statins in various conditions, including ischemia, urges their implementation in the clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the evidence on the effectiveness of early statin introduction in different populations of patients with ischemic stroke. We also attempt to define our original position on the optimal time after the acute onset of neurological symptoms to introduce lipid-lowering therapy.
The algorithm of reperfusion treatment of the ischemic stroke: focus on DAWN and DEFUSE-3 trials
Authors: Litvinenko I. V. , Odinak M. M. , Ryabtsev A. V. , Yanishevsky S. N. , Golokhvastov S. Yu. , Kolomentsev S. V. , Andreev R. V. , Tsygan N. V.
Published: April 2021

The history of reperfusion treatment for ischemic stroke was officially recognized in 1996, when the use of systemic thrombolytic therapy (TLT) was authorized in the United States of America and the first clinical guidelines were published (American Heart Association (AHA) Stroke Council). The use of TLT for the treatment of ischemic stroke in the Russian Federation began in 2005–2006. The next step was the development of endovascular reperfusion techniques (2005) following the presentation of the results of the MERCI study, which evaluated the safety and efficacy of microconductors for fragmentation and destruction of blood clots. Currently, neurologists working with patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents are guided by national regulatory documents — order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated by November 15, 2012 No. 928n “On approval of the Procedure for providing medical care to patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents” and the Protocol of reperfusion therapy acute ischemic stroke (2019), which provide basic information on the methods of diagnosis and treatment of ischemic cerebral stroke, as well as international recommendations ESO, AHA/ASA, which provide grounds for increasing therapeutic options, in particular by extending the time of the “therapeutic window”. The authors of article created the algorithm for reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke, based on the analysis and generalization of regulatory documents, clinical guidelines and the results of DAWN and DEFUSE-3 studies.
Evolution of antihypertensive combined therapy: from depressin of academician A. L. Myasnikov to modern multi-component drugs
Authors: Lebedev P. A. , Garanin A. A. , Paranina E. V.
Published: April 2021

The article shows the historical background to the emergence and subsequent development of combined antihypertensive therapy from creation of a multi-component drug to modern fixed combinations as the most effective approach in the treatment of hypertension (HTN). The authors consider that Russian scientist therapist academician of the USSR Academy of medical Sciences A. L. Myasnikov, has priority in the development of fixed drug combination concept, created depressin powder. The development of pharmacology as a science and the achievements in pharmaceutical technologies contributed to the expansion of possible drugs combination for HTN treatment, and the discovery of new diverse pathophysiological mechanisms implemented in this pathology led to the understanding of the need for combined drugs in clinical practice. The advantages of combination HTN therapy versus monotherapy include rapid achievement of the target blood pressure level, low frequency of tachyphylaxis, longer-lasting antihypertensive effect, no need to change drugs, higher compliance, effective organoprotection and cardiovascular risk reduction, positive and/or neutral effects on the main parameters of metabolism, reduced frequency and severity of side effects. Taking into account these facts, as well as the wide prevalence of HTN in the population, its high medical and social significance, the key role in atherosclerosis, it is necessary to develop new combined domestic drugs for the treatment of HTN and their inclusion in the list of vital medicines, increasing the availability of these drugs for the population on the basis of preferential programs.
Responsabilidad social empresarial de los parques científicos tecnológicos españoles en la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19
Authors: Rodríguez-Mendoza Zeida de los Reyes
Published: April 2021

Se analiza la respuesta colaborativa de los centros científicos tecnológicos españoles ante la crisis sanitaria generada por la COVID-19. Con ella han surgido importantes necesidades sociales y sanitarias en España, desencadenándose una respuesta de los centros de investigación y otras entidades presentes en los parques científicos, que han cooperado con el Estado para mitigar los efectos. Apoyándose en sus recursos humanos, conocimiento acumulado, infraestructuras y equipamiento , han producido materiales y servicios de elevado valor para afrontar la pandemia. En este trabajo se estudia dicha colaboración desde las perspectivas de la responsabilidad social empresarial y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Grupos de acogimiento: Sistematización de un modelo participativo para la formulación diagnóstica y terapéutica en un centro de salud mental comunitaria. Chorrillos-Perú, 2018.
Authors: Castillo-Martell Humberto , Carrasco-Montoya Nestor , Valdivia-Quintanilla Amalia , Zambrano-Leon Catiuska , Perez-Arce Laura , Pariona-Ruiz Elizabeth , Mendoza-Alberca Cintya , Caycho-Valle Alida , Caycho-Valle Alida
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Sistematizar el proceso de formulación de diagnósticos y planes de tratamiento en grupos participativos de profesionales y usuarios, denominados Grupos de Acogimiento, como alternativa al modelo convencional de consultas psiquiátricas individuales y secuenciales, en el ámbito de la salud mental comunitaria.  Material y Métodos: El estudio se realizó en un centro de salud mental comunitaria (CSMC) de Lima durante el periodo enero-diciembre de 2018.  Se siguió una metodología de investigación-acción en la que propuestas surgidas de la experiencia se implementaban para, luego, analizar críticamente sus resultados y ajustarlos sucesivamente hasta lograr un punto de estandarización o de consenso entre los participantes. Resultados:   El modelo participativo se aplicó en 97% de los usuarios durante el periodo de observación y se llegó a la formulación de diagnósticos y planes de tratamiento durante la sesión del Grupo de Acogimiento, en el 85% de los pacientes. Las sesiones se estandarizaron en cuatro momentos concatenados y semi-estructurados: Presentación horizontal de participantes, comprensión empática mutua, exploración colectiva de causas, y decisiones terapéuticas compartidas. Conclusiones: El modelo participativo de Grupos de Acogimiento fue una alternativa viable y eficaz para la formulación inicial de diagnósticos y planes terapéuticos en el CSMC, con fases semiestructuradas convenientemente estandarizadas y replicables.
Avances genómicos de la última década y su influencia en el enfoque diagnóstico de la discapacidad intelectual.
Authors: Abarca Barriga Hugo Hernán
Published: April 2021

La inteligencia humana es un rasgo poligénico (~1000 genes) con una influencia de cada gen aproximadamente ascendente al 0,1%. Es un atributo indispensable para el desarrollo personal, familiar, social y económico y tiene, además, una relación directamente proporcional al mantenimiento de la salud y a una mayor esperanza de vida. La discapacidad intelectual, consecuentemente, afecta todas estas áreas y constituye un problema de salud pública en varios países de Latinoamérica en los que exhibe una prevalencia mayor al 10%. La etiología de la discapacidad intelectual sea aislada o sindrómica, es genética hasta en un 85% de los casos; se diagnostica mediante las nuevas tecnologías de búsqueda en el genoma, tales como la secuenciación masiva y el análisis cromosómico por micromatrices. El diagnóstico etiológico de la discapacidad intelectual permite la selección de terapias específicas, la determinación del pronóstico y de riesgos de recurrencia familiar e individual.
The other space of social media: Concept study of heterotopia on Instagram
Authors: Zufar Biko Nabih Fikri , Sari Eka Kartika
Published: April 2021

Technological developments in society are separate space into two forms, real space and virtual space. The two meet each other when either individuals or communities use virtual space. Foucault described space to be three forms: dystopia, utopia, and heterotopia. This article aims to explain Instagram as virtual space that intersects real space, forming other spaces in the process. This article uses the perspective of the sociology of space and place while also using Foucault’s theory of other space. This study used the qualitative research method with a discourse analysis approach. The finding of this article is that there are six heterotopia principles contained in Instagram’s features. The results, Instagram forms other space beyond the activity of uploading photos or videos. Instagram as a real space becomes biased because of heterotopia. Individuals interpret Instagram differently as a place to share. On the contrary, when sharing activities, other individuals may use it for more than just sharing. Instagram has changed its space due to a shift in place use. Instagram can create other spaces besides its original function of uploading photos or videos through the other features on Instagram.
Family conflicts and the violence of unemployed husbands against their wives acting as the main breadwinner
Authors: Ningrum Widi Tri Pramesti , Mas'udah Siti
Published: April 2021

In a patriarchal society, men are the breadwinners and women are obliged to perform a domestic role. However, in reality, there are many families with unemployed husbands and working wives who support the family. This study aimed to reveal the background of unemployed husbands and the conflicts and violence against wives as the main breadwinner. This study used qualitative research methods and is descriptive research in design. The researchers interviewed informants from families with unemployed husbands where the wives were the breadwinners. The results of this study indicate that the causes of the husbands not working include illness, bankruptcy, company rationalization, a lack of desire to support their family or being too lazy to work. The conflicts that often occur in families with unemployed husbands include the socialization of the children, family economy, the division of domestic labor, differences of opinion in various matters, conflicts with their extended families, and various cases that are considered trivial. The violence that occurs in the family with unemployed husbands is physical violence, verbal, and psychological abuse to wives. Although the wives are the source of the family economy, the husbands remain in a dominant position in the family. Therefore, efforts to overcome the violence in the family requires support from many parties, including the wives, families, communities, and the state.
PROCEDURE FOR MAKING SNAP-ON SMILE WITH ACETYL THERMOPLASTIC RESIN TO IMPROVE THE AESTHETICS AND FUNCTION IN CASE OF TOOTH LOSS
Authors: Wahjuni Sri , Setyowati Okti , Faisyah Shilvy Arofatul
Published: April 2021

Background: Tooth loss can affect various factors in oral health. Some of these factors are functional, harmonization and aesthetics of oral health. Over time, the aesthetic factor has become an important concern in the manufacture of dentures. Apart from rehabilitating the function and harmonization of oral health, the field of dentistry must also pay attention to the aesthetics of dentures. Purpose: This article aims to discuss the use of acetyl thermoplastic ingredients in making Snap-On Smile. Review: Smile design evaluation of certain elements, namely facial analysis, analysis of relationship between the jaw and face, relationship between teeth and midline of the face, analysis of relationship between teeth and lips, relationship between teeth and gingiva and analysis of shape and color of teeth. All are related to one another. In an ideal smile, the maxillary teeth will show up in the area between the upper and lower lips. Conclusion: Aesthetic and functional improvement in tooth loss can be performed using the Snap-On Smile. Snap-On Smile is a restoration that can be used for aesthetic rehabilitation without requiring preparation or alteration of the tooth structure and cement attachment in its manufacture. The Snap-On Smile prosthesis is more comfortable and can be removed by the patient.
SARS-CoV2 Variants and Vaccines mRNA Spikes Fibonacci Numerical UA/CG Metastructures
Authors: Perez Jean-Claude
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we suggest a biomathematical numerical method analysing mRNA nucleotides sequences based on UA/CG Fibonacci numbers proportions. This method is used to evaluate then compare the spike genes related to the main SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS circulating presently within the world. The 8 main results proposed to be reproduced by peers are: 1/ SARS-CoV2 genome and spike evolution in one year 2020-2021. 2/ SARS-CoV2 Origins. 3/ Comparing 11 reference variants spikes. 4/ analysing 32 CAL.20C california variant patients spikes. 5/ Toward a meta mRNA Fibonacci gene end message code. 6/ analysing S501 UK, S484 South Afrika and 2 mutations IINDIA variants. 7/ Suggesting a possible variants spike mRNA palindrome symmetry metastructure improving mRNA stability then infectuosity. 8/ Analysing Fibonacci Metastructures in the mRNA coding for the vaccines PFITZER and MODERNA. Particularly, we suggest the following conjecture at mRNA folding level: CONJECTURE of SARS-CoV2 VARIANTS: The growth of long Fibonacci structures in the shape of podiums for almost all of the variants studied (UK, California, South Afrika, India, etc.) suggests the probable folding of the Spike mRNA in the form of a hairpin, which can strengthen the cohesion and the lifespan of this mRNA. Finally, we show that this kind of Fibonacci matastructures disapears TOTALLY analysing the published mRNA sequences of PFIZER and MODERNA vaccines. Finally, we show that this kind of Fibonacci matastructures disapears TOTALLY analysing the published mRNA sequences of PFIZER and MODERNA vaccines. One fact is certain, the 2 mRNAs of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines will result in a low functionality of the spike vaccine because by doping these sequences in CG rich, their designers, in search of greater STABILITY of these RNAs will have built, according to us , sequences which, as soon as they are inserted into the human host, will seek to mutate, like SARS-CoV2 variants, towards CG ==> UA forms in order to improve, paradoxically, their STABILITY and probably also their LIFETIME..
Family Centered Care: A Literature Review
Authors: Wahyuningrum Ari Damayanti
Published: April 2021

Collaborative action between families and health professionals, in this case nurses, doctors, nutritionists, pharmacies in forming harmonious support is the philosophy of family centered nursing care which aims to involve families as the main focus in care. The aim of this literature review is to identify family-centered family member care: a literatu review. This language method uses literature reviews which are summaries of 10 articles in the publication years of 2020-2021 on search 4 databased electronic searches containing namely Scopus, ProQuest, Pubmed, and Scient Direct. This review used prisms. The eligibility of these studies were from its title, abstract, research methodology, results and discussion. The results of the review were presented in narrative form. The results of a review of 10 articles found that the form family centered care Conclusion: The family is considered a partner in the care of other family members. The concept of family centered care is a philosophy in nursing where the role of the family is very important in caring for family members who are sick.
Eco-Efficiency and Human Capital Efficiency on the Example of Small and Medium-Sized Family Farms in the Selected European Countries
Authors: Polcyn Jan
Published: April 2021

Small and medium-sized family farms are the place of life and source of income for about half of the population. The aim of the analysis was to determine the relationship between Eco-Efficiency, Human Capital Efficiency in small and medium-sized family farms. The analyses were carried out using an economic measure (value of agricultural production per work hour calculated per 1 ha) and synthetic measures: human capital and environmental measures. The synthetic measures were determined using the CRITIC-TOPSIS method by defining weights for variables used in the synthetic measures. The analyses covered five countries, namely: Lithuania (960 farms), Moldova (532 farms), Poland (696 farms), Romania (872 farms), and Serbia (524 farms). All the countries qualified for analysis are characterised by a high fragmentation of agricultural holdings. The analyses carried out allowed us to formulate the following conclusions: the Eco-Efficiency and Human Capital Efficiency indexes increase with area for small and medium-sized family agricultural farms. An increase in the Eco-Efficiency index with an increase in farm area leads to a suspicion that the smaller the farm area is, the more extensive the agricultural production being carried out. In addition, an increase in human capital efficiency with an increase in the area of a farm indicates that there is inefficiency in the utilisation of human capital resources in the agricultural farms studied.
Dysphagia Screening Protocol For Acute Stroke Patient: A Literature Review
Authors: Mulyatsih Enny , Glorino Rumambo Pandin Moses
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Nearly two-thirds of acute stroke patients have dysphagia. Dysphagia defined as difficulty in swallowing of liquids or food, vary in severity with symptoms ranging from mild throat discomfort to inability to eat. It’s well known that dysphagia is associated with aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, malnutrition, prolonged length of stay, and increased mortality. Early screening reduces pneumonia rates in stroke and it is usually performed by nurses. Dysphagia screening is recommended but no protocol or tool is pointed.Aim: the aim of this study is to conduct a literature review of dysphagia screening for stroke patient Methods: Literature search three databases (Scopus, Proquest, and Science Direct), with the keywords "Dysphagia" AND "Stroke" AND "Nursing", published in English between 2019 and 2021. Result: Twenty five publications relating to dysphagia screening met the inclusion criteria. There are five methods of dysphagia screening performed by nurses or other health workers: 1) a simple Questionnaire Test (4QT) method, which is by asking the following four questions: does the patient cough or choke while eating or drinking; whether the patient takes longer than usual to eat; does the patient change the thickness of the food to be able to swallow, and whether the voice turns hoarse after eating or drinking; 2) Water Swallow Test (WST) method; 3) Bed Side Screening Tool for Dysphagia (BSTD) method; 4) Volume Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST) method, namely modification of feeding with first pudding, nectar and finally water; 5) Simplified Cough Test Method. The five screening methods for dysphagia above have been tested for sensitivity and specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive valuesConclusion: screening is a first step in the identification of swallowing impairment or dysphagia of stroke patient. Dysphagia is an independent predictor of poor patient outcome and prolonged recovery time. Nurse has an important role to conduct a screening and must ensure that the selected tools has high reliability and concurrent validity. Key Words: Stroke, Dysphagia, Screening, Nursing
Animal Welfare and Covid-19 in Indonesia: A Neglected Legal Issue
Authors: Safitri Myrna Asnawati , Firman Firman
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic currently infecting the world population comes from the Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) transmitted initially from animals to humans, then between humans. This disease is referred to as zoonosis. Covid-19 discourse is generally about zoonotic transmission from animals to humans. Not much attention has been given to the potential transmission from humans to animals. In several countries, cases indicating the exposures of animals with the Coronavirus have been found. Thus, a discussion on the vulnerability of exposure to animals with the Coronavirus is significant to scientifically discussed. Unfortunately, concerns about this problem are still voiced by the mass media. Limited studies have been found, especially in Legal Science. In Indonesia, the Covid-19 incidence has hit more than 200 thousand people, one of the highest in Southeast Asia. Nevertheless, animal protection policy is not part of the national program of Covid-19 Control. Indonesia has several laws and regulations concerning animal welfare and zoonosis control. This article presents our study's findings investigating how the animal welfare law is applicable to protect the animals from Covid-19. Using the method of normative legal analysis, we found several weaknesses in the legal norms. We also observed how the ethics of anthro-pocentrism and ecocentrism compete in animal welfare laws.
Physical Therapy–Induced Fracture After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: LaCoste Ketrick L. , Arguello Alexandra M. , Ponce Brent A.
Published: April 2021

Case:

We present a case of a physical therapy–induced fracture of the proximal humerus, presumably caused by forceful shoulder flexion and external rotation, after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in a 70-year-old woman with underlying osteopenia, systemic lupus erythematosus, long-term glucocorticoid use, and common variable immunodeficiency.

Conclusion:

This case of a physical therapy–induced greater tuberosity fracture after RTSA presents an example of an early postoperative complication with no impact on eventual successful surgical outcomes. Special consideration should be given to tailor the postoperative rehabilitation after RTSA in patients with increased risk of fractures.
Novel Use of a Medially Applied Internal Joint Stabilizer for Recurrent Elbow Instability After a Terrible Triad
Authors: Sheth Mihir M. , Price Matthew Brent , Mitchell Scott
Published: April 2021

Case:

A 31-year-old man with recurrent instability after treatment of a terrible triad elbow fracture-dislocation that was reconstructed with revision coronoid fixation and a novel use of a medially applied internal joint stabilizer (IJS).

Conclusion:

A medially applied IJS is an option to supplement coronoid fixation in cases with tenuous repair because of comminution or relative coronoid insufficiency. This location may be more protective for this instability pattern and, in revision settings, can avoid a second lateral incision.
Online Decision Aids for Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Karunaratne Sascha , Harris Ian A. , Trevena Lyndal , Horsley Mark , Fajardo Michael , Solomon Michael
Published: April 2021

Update

This articlewas updated on October 25, 2021, because of a previous error.On page 8, in Figure 3, the figure keys that had been inverted now correctly define the orange and blue data points as the Gunning Fog Index and the Flesch-Kincaid Readability Score, respectively.

An erratum has been published: JBJS Reviews. 2021 Oct;9(10):e20.00088ER.

Background:

Knee arthroplasty is a high-risk, resource-intensive procedure that should be reserved for patients in whom the benefit will outweigh the risks. The provision of high-quality, publicly available decision aids can help patients to balance the benefits against the harms of treatments and to assist informed decision-making. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the content and readability of freely available knee arthroplasty decision aids.

Methods:

A systematic search using an environmental scan methodology of publicly available online materials was performed in December 2018. Included materials were assessed for quality using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards instrument (IPDASi), understandability and actionability from a patient’s perspective using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), and readability grade level using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and the Gunning Fog Index.

Results:

Of 761 online materials screened, 26 decision aids were identified. Only 18 (69%) may be considered to meet criteria to be defined as a decision aid and 4 (15%) met criteria suggesting that the material did not introduce potential harmful bias according to the IPDASi. The mean score (and standard deviation) for all decision aids was 74% ± 12% for understandability and 44% ± 19% for actionability using the PEMAT. Readability indices indicated a mean minimum reading level of Grade 10 (10.8 ± 2.5). No decision aid included a wait-and-see option.

Conclusions:

Few high-quality decision aids exist for patients considering knee arthroplasty and none include a wait-and-see option. Many do not provide actionable options and are pitched at above-average reading levels. Developers need to address these issues to encourage high-quality decision-making, especially for those with low health literacy.
Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine in Africa
Authors: Sevidzem Wirsiy Frankline , Nkfusai Ngwayu Claude , Ebot Ako-Arrey Denis , Kenfack Dongmo Esther , Titu Manjong Florence , Nambile Cumber Samuel
Published: April 2021

As Africa prepares to overcome the difficult challenges of COVID-19 vaccination roll-outs, a number of factors, including equitable access, effective and efficient sufficient supply chains, a scope of established determinants will need to be considered in order to enhance vaccine acceptability and uptake. In this commentary, we present six major determinants of vaccine acceptability and uptake in Africa. We summarize these determinants with the acronym VAMRIS: V= Vaccine hesitancy; A= Attitude and uptake by health care workers; M= Misinformation; R= Religion; I= Immunization roll out plans; S= Social influences and enabling environment. Understanding determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability will guide public health officials make informed decisions. As the Vaccine becomes progressively available, strategies for efficient roll-out to achieve massive uptake by the targeted population will depend on a number of factors. These include: community engagement efforts; types of health promotion activities and/or messages; community sensitization to dispel myths and misconceptions; endorsements and buy-ins from local champions, celebrities, authorities; logistic considerations; and incentives to health counsellors/workers to create demand.
 
Copyright © 2020 Wirsiy et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Design and Development of All-Electric Surface-Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve System
Authors: Gao Chuntan , Cai Baoping , Sheng Chaoyang , Zhang Yanping , Liu Zengkai , Ji Renjie , Liu Yonghong
Published: April 2021

The subsurface safety valve (SSV) is an essential device of a subsea production system. The hydraulic SSV is widely used, but it has some drawbacks when used in deep water: It needs a long pipeline from platform to wellhead, and brings additional pressure loss. The system needs higher pressure and manufacturing costs, but the response is slower. To solve the problem, a new all-electric surface-controlled SSV (E-SCSSV) system consisting of an E-SCSSV body and a control system is developed. The innovative structural designs include electric-drive mechanisms and a magnetic coupler that can transfer linear motion. The mechanical property of E-SCSSV body is analyzed to determine the ability to resist well pressure. The coupling rule of the magnetic coupler is studied through experiment and finite-element analysis. The dynamics of the failure-safety mechanism is investigated to obtain the optimal performance and combination of structural parameters. Using sensors on the E-SCSSV body, the operation status of the E-SCSSV can be monitored. An E-SCSSV system prototype has been developed to validate the function of the E-SCSSV. Reliability requirements are discussed. Compared with existing SSVs, the biggest advantage of the E-SCSSV is its quick response.
Maxwell-Einstein metrics on Certain CP1 Bundles
Authors: Guan Daniel
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we prove that for certain fiber bundle there is a Maxwell-Einstein metric conformally related to any given Kähler class.