bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Naive Bayes Classifier and K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithms with Information Gain and Adaptive Boosting for Sentiment Analysis of Spotify App Reviews
Authors: Saputro Meidika Bagus , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: October 2024

Abstract. At this time, the development of technology are increase rapidly. One of the issue that appear with advance technology is data volume in the world has increase too. With the large data volumes that exist in the world it can be used to some purpose in many field. Entertainment is one of the field that have many interest from user in this world. Spotify is the example of entertainment apps that provided by Google Play Store to give online music streams to their users. Because that apps is provided by Google Play Store, many reviews of the user about the apps it can be classified to know the positive, negative, or neutral. One way to classified the review of user is make sentiment analysis. In this paper, to classify the review we use naïve Bayes classifier and k-nearest neighbors that will be compared with adding Information gain as feature selection and adaptive boosting as boosting algorithm of each classification algorithm that we used. The result of classification using naïve Bayes classifier with adding Information gain and adaptive boosting is 87.28% and k-nearest neighbor with adding information gain and adaptive boosting can perform accuracy of 80.35%.
Purpose: Knowing the result each of accuracy from the naïve Bayes classifier and k-nearest neighbor algorithm with adding information gain and adaptive boosting that we used and know how to doing the sentiment analysis step by step with the methods that chosen in this study.
Methods/Study design/approach: This study applied data preprocessing, lexicon based labelling with TextBlob, Normalization, Word Vectorization using TF-IDF, and classification with naïve Bayes classifier and k-nearest neighbor, information gain as feature selection, and adaptive boosting as boosting algorithm to boost the accuracy of classification result.
Result/Findings: The accuracy of naïve Bayes classifier with adding information gain and adaptive boosting is 87.28%. Meanwhile, by k-nearest neighbor with adding information gain and adaptive boosting reach the accuracy of 80.35%. This result obtained by using 60.000 dataset with data splitting 80% as data training and 20% as data testing.
Novelty/Originality/Value: Implementing information gain as feature selection and adaptive boosting as boosting algorithm to naïve Bayes classifier is prove that it can be increase the accuracy of classification, but not same when implementing in k-nearest neighbor. So, for the future research can applied another classification algorithm or feature selection to get better result.
ICT in Teaching Foreign Language in a Ukrainian University
Authors: Podoliak Mykhailo
Published: October 2024

Modern technologies play such an essential role in human life that it is impossible to imagine a full-fledged existence without them. Their application is possible in almost any field of economy, improving human’s life and increasing the efficiency of work. Technologies in education give students and teachers access to a much more considerable amount of information and opportunities compared to learning without technology. Today a student can learn a foreign language directly by hearing it not only in a video or audio recording, but also with the help of various applications, communicating with native speakers, learning their culture. Many scholars have been researching the role of ICT in language learning and have proved its effectiveness. The aim of the article is to determine the role of ICT in foreign language learning at Ukrainian Universities. In addition, we conducted a questionnaire of the English language teachers to determine the frequency of ICT usage at lectures. The results of the researched proved the hypothesis, set in the research, that the younger the teachers, the more often and diversely they use modern technologies in the educational process. Using ICT in teaching foreign languages requires not only the will and time of the teacher but also the skills and abilities to use modern technologies and Internet resources. The introduction of ICT in the educational process will have a positive effect on the results of student learning, among which we will highlight student interest in the educational process, modern and practical materials, immersion of students in the language and cultural environment, the opportunity to better study and master the academic material, communicate with native speakers.
What Was Remained Between Diplomacy and Politics? Rec.: Kasparavičius A. Tarp politikos ir diplomatijos: Šventasis Sostas ir Lietuvos Respublika. Vilnius, 2008. 762 [32] p.
Authors: Streikus Arūnas
Published: October 2024

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Lietuvos Tūkstantmetis: prasmės ir reikšmės
Authors: Pšibilskis Vygintas Bronius
Published: October 2024

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Performance and application of scanning nuclear microprobe at the Institute of Applied Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Applied Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sumy, Ukraine, Ponomarev A.G. , Kolinko S.V. , Rebrov V.A. , Magilin D.V. , Ihnatiev I.H. , Voznyi V.I. , Salivon V.F.
Published: October 2024

The scanning nuclear microprobe of the Institute of Applied Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is an analytical channel based on the compact electrostatic accelerator "Sokol" of the Van de Graaff type with the maximum voltage at the high-voltage terminal of 2 MV and is designed for local non-destructive analysis of samples of various origins with high sensitivity (~1 ppm), as well as for the fabrication of three-dimensional small structures of high quality using proton beam writing. The resolution of the microprobe is about 3 μm with a beam current of I ~ 100 pA and 0.6 μm with I ~1 pA. The maximum scanning raster with a focused beam on the sample surface is 1 × 1 mm2. The microprobe implements the techniques of particle-induced X-ray emission, Rutherford backscattering, and secondary electron microscopy. The article also gives examples of the use of the nuclear microprobe in physical research.
Traditional Eye Cosmetics and Cultural Powders as a Source of Lead Exposure
Authors: Hore Paromita , Sedlar Slavenka
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to describe the characteristics of traditional eye cosmetics and cultural powders, including the types, lead concentrations, origin, and regional variation in product names, and assess the differences in blood lead levels (BLLs) between product users and non-users.

METHODS

We analyzed 220 samples of traditional eye cosmetics and cultural powders collected in New York City between 2013 and 2022 during lead poisoning investigations and store surveys. We compared the BLLs of children who used these products with those of non-users.

RESULTS

Lead levels in traditional eye cosmetics surma and kohl were much higher than levels in kajal and other cultural powders. Although the terminologies surma, kohl, and kajal are often used interchangeably, findings suggest regional variations in the product names. The majority of the surma in this study were from Pakistan, kohl was from Morocco, and kajal was from India. The results also show that these products can contribute to elevated BLLs in children.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study reveals that traditional eye cosmetics and cultural powders are used among children as young as newborns, and exposure to these products can significantly add to their lead body burden. The study findings also reveal that lead concentrations in these products can vary by product type and product names can vary by region. Public health officials must be cognizant of these unique variations and use culturally appropriate terminologies for these types of products because such distinctions can be critical when conducting risk assessments, risk communication, and risk reduction activities.
Prácticas y usos de los archivos en Colombia durante el período colonial
Authors: Betancur Roldán María Cristina
Published: October 2024

Este artículo hace parte de una investigación de mayor alcance que intenta presentar de forma panorámica la historia de la institucionalidad y las prácticas archivísticas en Colombia. En este sentido se acerca al establecimiento de los archivos, algunas prácticas archivísticas y sus usos en el Nuevo Reino de Granada durante el período de dominación española entre los siglos XVI al XIX. El presente trabajo se ha realizado bajo un enfoque cualitativo con un alcance exploratorio-descriptivo y mediante técnicas de investigación documental. Se han consultado el Archivo General de la Nación de Colombia, el Archivo Histórico de Medellín y fuentes primarias publicadas de diferentes archivos históricos del país. El artículo expone prácticas archivísticas: como el inventariado, la realización de libros copiadores y técnicas de conservación en el contexto de la administración colonial y determina los usos burocráticos de los archivos en dicho período. Concluye que la noción de archivo y las prácticas archivísticas traídas por los españoles, al territorio que hoy conocemos como Colombia, introdujeron una visión del registro y de la memoria a partir de la escritura alfabética, la linealidad temporal, el control y el secreto, con una fuerte marca estatal. Esta noción de archivo ha sido determinante para el Estado hasta nuestros días. Estudiar la historia de los archivos y las prácticas archivísticas coloniales es determinante para comprender las tradiciones archivísticas en Colombia.
Calidad de los servicios de la Biblioteca del Museo y Archivo Histórico de Portoviejo, Ecuador
Authors: Espinoza Mendoza Kelvin Ariel , Ponce Valeriano Kevin Javier , Quindemil Torrijo Eneida Maria , Rumbaut León Felipe , Padrón Quindemil Franklin
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la calidad de los servicios bibliotecarios de la Biblioteca del Museo y Archivo Histórico de Portoviejo, Ecuador. Se implementó una metodología descriptiva con un enfoque mixto que incorporó el análisis documental, el método analítico sintético e inductivo-deductivo en la interpretación de la literatura consultada, la entrevista al personal de la biblioteca y el test estandarizado LibQUAL+ aplicado a una muestra de los usuarios que asisten a esta institución. Se examinaron tres dimensiones: el valor afectivo, la biblioteca como lugar y el control de la información. Aunque las apreciaciones del valor efectivo estuvieron sobre la media-alta, la biblioteca como lugar y el control de la información fueron apreciados sobre la media-baja; por ende, es necesario atender los indicadores de estas dimensiones cuyos valores estén por debajo de 50 puntos. En conclusión, se destaca la factibilidad de la herramienta empleada para valorar la actividad bibliotecaria desde los criterios de los usuarios. Se considera como posible línea futura de investigación la propuesta de mejoras que lleven a un mejor posicionamiento de esta institución en términos de calidad de servicios bibliotecarios.
Novel TVB-N content prediction method of Penaeus vannamei by chromatic value b* and near infrared spectra
Authors: Feng Y. , Guo W. , Li X. , Ma Y.
Published: October 2024

Penaeus vannamei is an important farm-raised shrimp species in China. However, the shrimp deteriorates quickly and has a short shelf life. The surface colour will change with the increase of spoilage, which can reflect its freshness. Therefore, a method for predicting Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N) content using a combination of a chromatic value and Near-Infrared (NIR) spectra is provided. This study explores which chromatic parameter is most efficient for freshness prediction from a data analysis perspective. The Levenberg–Marquardt Optimized Artificial Neural Network (LM-Optimised ANN), the Quadratic Support Vector Machine (Quadratic SVM), and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) algorithms verified the idea. The combination of spectra and chromatic value b* can achieve a more accurate prediction of TVB-N content with RMSEP of 1.660 in Quadratic SVM, 1.337 in PLSR, and of 0.964 in LM-Optimised ANN, better than for other methods. As the polyphenol oxidase blackens the colour of the shrimp, the fusion of NIR spectra and b* can improve the prediction of TVB-N content with fewer parameters. Finally, we constructed an easy and fast TVB-N content prediction system.
Analysis of free amino acids and evaluation of the quality of gallnut honeys from different geographical areas
Authors: Fan M.Y. , Yang L. , Long J.K. , Chen X.S.
Published: October 2024

Gallnut honey, a typical Chinese medicinal commodity, is produced from the nectar of Rhus chinensis Mill. Gallnut honey is very popular with consumers because of its health effects and nutritional value, but its specific nutritional composition and medicinal components are not clear. Free amino acids are important nutritional components of honey, and can provide relevant information about the honey, such as geographical and botanical origin, as well as adulterations. The aim of this paper was to explore the free amino acid characteristics of gallnut honeys in different areas. 18 free amino acids from 17 places in China were determined by automatic amino acid analyser analysis, and the geographical characteristics were studied by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Results showed that gallnut honey is rich in free amino acids. A total of 12 types of free amino acids were detected in all honey-producing areas, and the total amino acid content was 0.132–0.292 g/100 g. Due to its free amino acid content gallnut honey has high nutritional supplement potential, and exhibits good pharmacodynamic activity and special taste characteristics. Flavour-related free amino acids were primarily aromatic free amino acids and umami free amino acids. Pharmacodynamic free amino acids accounted for 61.22–83.85%. Results also showed that free amino acids contribute to the geographical tracing of honey, and samples of gallnut honey at different altitudes can be distinguished by cluster analysis.
Validated high performance thin layer chromatographic method for simultaneous quantification of betulinic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol in fruits, leaves, root bark and stem bark of Dillenia indica Linn
Authors: Parihar Samiksha , Saxena Hari Om , Pawar Ganesh , Ginwal Harish Singh
Published: October 2024

Dillenia indica is one of the important medicinal plants and is extremely popular in many systems of medicine including ayurvedic, homeopathic, and siddha. Traditionally, different parts of this plant have been used to treat cancer, wound healing, diabetes, diarrhea, bone fractures, abdominal pains, cuts and burns. In the present study, a simple, precise, accurate and validated high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was developed for simultaneous estimation of three pharmaceutically active compounds i.e., betulinic acid (BE), β-sitosterol (BT) and lupeol (LP) in fruits, leaves, root bark and stem bark of D. indica. Standards and plant samples were applied on TLC aluminum plate precoated with 0.2 mm layer of silica gel 60F254. The plate was run in a twin glass chamber comprising toluene:methanol:chloroform (8:1:1, v/v/v) as a mobile phase which resulted in better separation of compounds. The plates were immersed in anisaldehyde-sulfuric reagent and then heated at 105 °C for 5 min in CAMAG TLC plate heater for appearance of bands. Densitometric scanning was performed at λmax = 525 nm using tungsten light source in CAMAG TLC Scanner4 armed with WinCATS software. RF values of BE, BT and LP standards and those of plant samples were found to be 0.38 ± 0.01, 0.54 ± 0.01 and 0.65 ± 0.02 respectively. The method was further validated by following the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. For BE, BT and LP, the linear regression data for the calibration plots revealed a satisfactory linear association with correlation coefficients (r2) = 0.9736, 0.9989 and 0.9957, respectively. Linear ranges for BE, BT and LP were 2,000–6,000 ng/band, 200–1,000 ng/band, and 200–600 ng/band respectively. Accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery study conducted at three different levels with the average recovery of 99.19, 99.69 and 100.95% for BE, BT and LP, respectively. The results exhibited the highest content of BE (0.148 ± 0.01%), BT (0.031 ± 0.01%) and LP (0.047 ± 0.01%) in stem bark. The developed method will be useful for routine and quality control analysis of fruits, leaves, root bark and stem bark of D. indica species.
A gyermekkori krónikus fájdalom jellemzői és befolyásoló tényezői a Bethesda Gyermekkórház Fájdalomkezelő Centrumában megjelent betegek körében
Authors: Bencsik Alexandra Sára , Major János , Vargay Adrienn , Ádám Szilvia
Published: October 2024

Bevezetés: A krónikus fájdalom prevalenciája 31,1%, ami
jelentősen befolyásolhatja a gyermekek iskolai és mindennapi teljesítményét,
társas kapcsolataikat, valamint negatív hatással lehet testi, pszichés és
szociális fejlődésükre, illetve későbbi munkaképességükre is. Emiatt különösen
fontos a kórkép megelőzése és kezelése. Célkitűzés: A Bethesda
Gyermekkórházban kezelt, krónikus fájdalommal élő páciensek szociodemográfiai
jellemzőinek és kockázati tényezőinek vizsgálata. Módszer: A
vizsgálati minta a fájdalomkezelő járóbeteg-ellátást 2013. március 1. és 2021.
március 31. között igénybe vevő gyermekek (átlagéletkor: 12,5 év, SD = 3,6)
alapsokasága volt (n = 164). A páciensek szülei által kitöltött
fájdalomkérdőívek retrospektív elemzése során a szociodemográfiai mutatókat, a
krónikus betegségeket, az alvási problémákat, az élethelyzeti nehézség
fennállását és a családi anamnézist is vizsgáltuk. A fájdalom jellemzőivel, a
fájdalom okozta életviteli korlátozottsággal (iskolai vagy óvodai hiányzás) és
az egészségügyi rendszer igénybevételével kapcsolatos kérdésekre is választ
kaptunk. Eredmények: A szülők 93%-a jelezte, hogy gyermekénél
korábban fennállt vagy jelenleg is fennáll más egészségügyi probléma is a
fájdalom mellett. A résztvevők 95,7%-a vett már részt a fájdalom okát tisztázó
vizsgálatokon, viszont 66,9%-uknál nem diagnosztizáltak a háttérben meghúzódó
betegséget. A gyermekek 66%-ánál fordult elő pozitív családi anamnézis a súlyos,
krónikus betegség vagy fájdalom tekintetében. A pozitív családi anamnézis nem
mutatott szignifikáns kapcsolatot a fájdalom okát tisztázó vizsgálatok
kezdeményezésével vagy számával (χ2(df) = 0,796(1); p = 0,372;
Mann–Whitney-féle U-teszt = 2426,000; p = 0,492). A gyermekek 50%-ánál volt
jelen élethelyzeti nehézség, a vizsgálatra jelentkezést megelőző 3 hónapban
65%-uk maradt távol az iskolától a fájdalom miatt.
Következtetés: A pozitív családi anamnézis és a jelen lévő
vagy korábbi egészségügyi probléma gyakori kísérője a krónikus fájdalomnak. Az
ellátás során kiemelten fontos a biopszichoszociális megközelítés, mert a
fizikális tényezők mellett sokszor pszichés és szociális faktorok is kísérői a
krónikus fájdalomnak, és annak fenntartó tényezőjeként is szerepelhetnek. Orv
Hetil. 2024; 165(38): 1493–1499.
Az infektív endocarditis epidemiológiája és időbeli változása 2006 és 2018 között egy tercier centrumban
Authors: Bence András , Dénes Mónika , Ferenci Tamás , Borbás Sarolta , Andréka Péter
Published: October 2024

Bevezetés: A modern diagnosztika, a célzott antibiotikus terápia
és a sebészeti kezelés ellenére az infektív endocarditis mortalitása jelenleg is
jelentős. A fejlett országokban a kockázati tényezők és a jellemző kórokozók is
megváltoztak. Célkitűzés és módszer: Retrospektív
vizsgálatunkban elemeztük a klinikai és mikrobiológiai jellemzőket, a rövid és
hosszú távú összhalálozást és az időbeli trendeket 2006 és 2018 között (a
COVID–19-pandémia előtt) infektív endocarditis miatt intézetünkben kezelt
betegeknél. Eredmények: Vizsgálatunkba 537 konszekutív esetet
vontunk be, átlagéletkoruk 56 év volt (73% férfi). 339 (63%), natív billentyűt
érintő infektív endocarditis, 130 (24%), műbillentyűt érintő infektív
endocarditis, 62 (12%), intracardialis eszközhöz társult infektív endocarditis
és 6 (1%), egyéb helyen előforduló esetet vizsgáltunk. A leggyakoribb
mikroorganizmusok a Staphylococcusok voltak (n = 175; 33%),
amelyek közül 104 esetben meticillinérzékeny Staphylococcus
aureus, 27 esetben meticillinrezisztens Staphylococcus
aureus és 44 esetben koaguláznegatív
Staphylococcus igazolódott. Streptococcus
fajok 141 esetben (26%), Enterococcus fajok 88 esetben (17%) és
hemokultúra-negatív infektív endocarditis 72 esetben (13%) fordult elő. A
kórházi halálozás 14%, a 6 hónapos halálozás 27%, az 1 éves halálozás 31%, az 5
éves halálozás pedig 44% volt. A meticillinérzékeny S. aureus
okozta fertőzés a vizsgált időszakban gyakoribbá vált (p<0,05), ezzel szemben
a koaguláznegatív Staphylococcus (p<0,001) és a
Streptococcus (p<0,05) okozta endocarditis előfordulása
csökkent. A kórházi, 6 hónapos, 1 éves és 5 éves halálozási adatok a vizsgált
időszakban nem mutattak szignifikáns változást. A mortalitási prediktorok a
multivariáns Cox-regresszió alapján a következők voltak: előrehaladott életkor
(HR: 1,37 [1,23–1,51]; p<0,001), károsodott vesefunkció (HR: 1,03
[1,01–1,04]; p<0,001), csökkent felvételi ejekciós frakció (HR: 1,38
[1,25–1,52]; p<0,001), stroke (HR: 1,74 [1,25–2,42]; p = 0,001),
meticillinrezisztens S. aureus okozta fertőzés (HR: 2,56
[1,39–4,7]; p = 0,002). Következtetés: A tercier centrumunkban
infektív endocarditis miatt kezelt betegekben a Staphylococcus
fajok voltak a leggyakoribb kórokozók a vizsgált 13 évben, a meticillinérzékeny
S. aureus okozta fertőzés előfordulása az idők folyamán
nőtt. Az infektív endocarditis mortalitása jelentős, és nem mutatott javuló
tendenciát az évek során. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(38): 1500–1508.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF CO-AXIAL JET
Authors: Singh Dushyant
Published: October 2024

This study's emphasis is on an experimental and numerical investigation of co-axial jet cooling on a
flat plate. The co-axial jet consists of two separate flow passes, which are commonly known as inner
and outer, through which the flow enters. The experimental investigation was conducted for various
inner Reynolds numbers (10,000, 15,000, and 25,000), outer Reynolds numbers (10,000, 15,000, and
25,000), and jet-to-plate separations (36, 52, and 72). The impact of flow parameters on the Nusselt
number distribution along the impinging target heated plate was studied. It was experimentally observed
that, for a fixed inner Reynolds number, the Nusselt number of the flat plate increased with an increase
in the outer Reynolds number, but it does not change considerably as the inner Reynolds number
increased. However, the Nusselt number of co-axial jets is greater than that of round jets for the same
flow parameters, as was investigated numerically. It was also found that the non-dimensional turbulent
kinetic energy was not significantly influenced by the inner Reynolds number, but it increased with an
increasing outer Reynolds number. Furthermore, the general correlations for the stagnation point and
wall jet region Nusselt numbers are proposed based on the experimental investigation.
Enhancing clay soil reinforcement using MICP-BIN method with biochar-induced nucleation
Authors: Wang Yanning , Li Sikan , Huang Longjian , Garg Ankit , Bogireddy Chandra
Published: October 2024

The microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) method has gained extensive use in the realm of soil stabilisation. This study presents a novel microbial solidification technique known as the biochar-induced nucleation (MICP-BIN) method for reinforcing clay soil. Corn stover biochar was employed as an auxiliary material, mixed with dry clay powder, and subsequently reinforced using the MICP technique. Direct shear tests, drying experiments, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were also conducted to investigate the efficacy of the MICP-BIN method. Compared with that of the remoulded soil, the shear strength of the treated soil exhibited a substantial increase of 22.4%, the CaCO3 content increased by 30%, and the shear strength improved by 389.5%. Similarly, the internal friction angle exhibited increases of 22.7% and 405.2%, while the cohesion showed improvements of 9.4% and 344.3%, respectively. The MICP-BIN method is found to increase suction for a given water content. Furthermore, biochar-amended soil possesses highest water-retention ability (especially at lower suction magnitude), followed by MICP-amended soil, MICP-BIN-amended soil, and untreated soil. This study demonstrated the promising results achieved by combining biochar and the MICP-BIN technique, providing a novel approach for reinforcing soft ground.
Tree-ring width and stable isotope analyses of Picea sitchensis from Iceland reveal growth potential under predicted climate change
Authors: Čermák Petr , Kolář Tomáš , Rybníček Michal , Žid Tomáš , Urban Otmar , Pernicová Natálie , Eggertsson Ólafur , Koňasová Eva , Büntgen Ulf
Published: October 2024

Sitka spruce has been one of the most planted tree species in Iceland since the mid-twentieth century. Here, we use different dendrochronological methods to identify the controlling climatic factors of its growth and possible changes in their influence over time. We develop annually resolved and absolutely dated measurements of tree-ring width (TRW) from 21 trees and oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) stable isotopes from six trees to evaluate growth trends and climate sensitivity in Iceland’s Hallormsstaður National Forest over the past 54 years (1965–2018). Warmer and wetter summers in the last few decades have resulted in significantly increasing radial growth. While TRW and δ13C reflect strong July-August temperature signals, with the highest correlation for July, δ18O is mainly controlled by the temperature in March. The occurrence of negative pointer years in TRW decreases with increasing temperature in July but increases with excessive precipitation in August. Our study shows great continued potential for Sitka spruce cultivation in Iceland.
Paspalum lepton - a valuable adjunct to the suite of grasses used in grazing systems in the subtropics or a potential weed
Authors: Cook Bruce G. , Lloyd David L. , Scattini Walter J. , Robertson Alan D.
Published: October 2024

Native and exotic C4 grasses currently used in grazing systems in the subtropics have specific limitations with management, decline in feed quality as they mature and variable adaptation to soils and climates, providing opportunities to identify alternative species to complement or replace them. One option is Paspalum lepton (syn. P. nicorae), a sward- forming, rhizomatous grass native to subtropical South America with recognized forage value. An early maturing form of this species has become naturalized in Northern New South Wales since its introduction in the 1940s. More recent introductions with forage and amenity potential are being established vegetatively and by seed as it becomes available. This paper reviews published work on P. lepton and reports largely unpublished results and observations on its performance in research and development studies in subtropical Eastern Australia. The potential value of and threats posed by P. lepton in relation to its adaptation, productivity, competitiveness and role in limiting ingress of existing weedy species are discussed. APG 54281 and APG 54325 are palatable, productive and persistent lines of this grass that have proven to be adapted to livestock production systems in most of the humid lowland subtropics, and to a specific niche in the subtropical uplands of Southeast Queensland where there is a lack of adapted C4 grasses and C3 grasses are only marginally adapted.
Screening pre-emergence herbicides for weed control during early elephant grass growth
Authors: Brighenti Alexandre M.
Published: October 2024

Two experiments were carried out in the municipality of Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais State, Brazil in 2020 and 2021 to identify additional herbicide options for weed control during early elephant grass pasture establishment. Thirteen pre-emergence herbicides were compared to weed-free and weedy controls in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Forage yield losses were significant as a result of weed interference throughout the entire crop cycle. The most phytotoxic treatments were trifluralin and diuron + hexazinone. Weed control was effective for all treatments, except for trifluralin applied alone. Elephant grass dry matter yield was not influenced by diuron, ametryne, flumioxazin and metribuzin, identifying them as potential pre-emergence herbicides for weed control in elephant grass pastures.
Experiencias de gestión cultural de la Dirección de Cultura de la Universidad de Cuenca
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador, Peñaherrera Wilches Jimena , Villacís Barrazueta Marcelo
Published: October 2024

La Dirección de Cultura de la Universidad de Cuenca remonta sus orígenes al año de 1975, bajo el rectorado de Mario Vintimilla Ordóñez, cuando adquirió el nombre de Departamento de Difusión y Cultura, el mismo que funcionaba inicialmente en el espacio de la imprenta universitaria. En sus primeros pasos, dicho departamento trabajó con la constitución y empuje de algunos grupos folklóricos que se gestaron en la Universidad, además de trabajar con el Departamento de Publicaciones y la imprenta; posteriormente, se constituyó el Museo Arqueológico Universitario en 1999, bajo la administración de Gustavo Vega.
Rompiendo la banalización de la violencia. Entrenamiento virtual en convivencia e Inteligencia Emocional (CIE)
Authors: Hernández-Prados María Ángeles , Carbonell Bernal Noelia , R. Sarmiento Beatriz
Published: October 2024

Las nuevas generaciones presentan una gran facilidad para acceder a los lenguajes emergentes, digitales, necesitando adquirir un nivel de alfabetización mediática esencial para su adecuada integración sociocultural. El presente trabajo se centra en la elevada frecuencia y diversidad de expresiones violentas que se dan en los entornos digitales que acaban normalizándose entre los jóvenes; por ello, la importancia de recurrir a la formación virtual en otros lenguajes como mecanismos que permitan romper o frenar el mito de la violencia trivializada. Con esta finalidad se llevó a cabo un programa denominado: Convivencia e Inteligencia Emocional (CIE), cuyo objetivo general consiste en disminuir los niveles de acoso escolar en las aulas a través del trabajo activo del alumnado, en un programa virtual basado en las premisas de la inteligencia emocional (autoconcepto, habilidades sociales o empatía) para cambiar su forma de comunicarse. La metodología utilizada es cuasiexperimental con un enfoque pre- y postest. La obtención de los resultados se hace a través de cinco cuestionarios de autocumplimentación, de naturaleza cuantitativa; de su análisis se obtienen diferencias estadísticas en los niveles de acoso escolar una vez realizada la intervención. Las conclusiones ponen de relieve que las nuevas tecnologías pueden contribuir a la ruptura de la naturalización de la violencia y mejorar las formas de comunicarse entre los adolescentes.
Estado del arte: metacognición y aprendizaje autorregulado durante la pandemia por covid-19
Authors: Loaiza Yasaldez , Duque Pedro , Patiño Mónica
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo se da cuenta de cómo la pandemia desatada por el covid-19 detonó una transformación en el ámbito educativo, e impulsó a docentes y estudiantes a adaptarse a métodos no convencionales, usualmente sin una preparación adecuada. Esta transición repentina a la enseñanza en línea ha traído una serie de consecuencias educativas y psicológicas, y ha intensificado los niveles de estrés e insatisfacción en ambos grupos. En este contexto, los estudiantes han tenido que autorregular su aprendizaje y asumir responsabilidades como la planificación, el monitoreo y la evaluación de su propio progreso. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de los casos, se han enfrentado a esta nueva realidad sin recibir una orientación clara o instrucciones específicas para integrar estas estrategias en su proceso de aprendizaje. Dada la indiscutible relevancia e interés sobre estos temas, en este artículo se realiza un mapeo científico que permita establecer cuáles fueron las tendencias en las que se enmarcó la investigación mundial sobre metacognición y aprendizaje regulado durante la pandemia. Para ello, se realizó un rastreo en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science, y a través de herramientas y técnicas bibliométricas se identificaron las principales líneas o tendencias en estos campos. Según los resultados, las investigaciones se centraron en tres áreas especialmente, la educación en línea, la salud mental e inteligencia emocional y la tecnología y educación. Finalmente, tras el análisis de estas tres categorías, se propone una agenda para futuras investigaciones.
Estrategias metacognitivas y motivación de logro académico en estudiantes universitarios de Arequipa (Perú)
Authors: Arias-Gallegos Walter L. , Rivera Renzo , Aroca-Ramírez Gabriela Marluz , Córdova-Torres Demily Valentina
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo de investigación se analizan las relaciones entre la metacognición y la motivación de logro académico en estudiantes universitarios, tomando como base reportes previos que señalan la existencia de correlaciones positivas entre ambos constructos. Para ello se tomó una muestra no probabilística de 157 estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada de Arequipa, ciudad ubicada en el sur de Perú, de los cuales 72,6% fueron mujeres y el 27,4% fueron varones con una edad promedio de 18,5 años. Se les aplicó el INVENTARIO DE ESTRATEGIAS METACOGNITIVAS de O’Neil y Abedi (1996), así como la PRUEBA DE MOTIVACIÓN DE LOGRO ACADÉMICO (Thornberry, 2003), ambas validadas en Perú. Los resultados sugieren que las estrategias metacognitivas se correlacionan positivamente con la motivación de logro académico, y que la dimensión autoconocimiento impacta positivamente sobre la motivación de logro académico, al igual que en el sexo femenino.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in myasthenia gravis: Exploring directions for future immunotherapy? A review
Authors: Chen Jianan , Lu Jing , Lv ZhiGuo , Wang Baitong , Zhang Shanshan , Xu Peng , Wang Jian
Published: October 2024

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by impaired transmission at the neuromuscular junction, primarily manifesting as fluctuating muscle weakness, fatigability, and partial paralysis. Due to its long disease course, treatment resistance, and frequent relapses, it places a significant burden on patients and their families. In recent years, advances in molecular biology have provided growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction impairs muscle function and affects immune cell proliferation and differentiation in patients. Mitochondria, as the cell's energy source, play a critical role in various pathological processes in MG, including oxidative stress, dynamic abnormalities, mitophagy, and mitochondrial metabolism. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of MG has garnered increasing attention. This manuscript primarily explores mitochondrial function and abnormal morphological changes in MG, as well as mitochondrial quality control, metabolic reprogramming, and their potential mechanisms in the pathological changes of the disease. It also reviews the current status of drug therapies aimed at improving mitochondrial function. The goal is to provide novel perspectives and strategies for future mitochondrial-targeted therapies in MG.
Оценка состояния почвенного покрова в районе Унальского хвостохранилища
Authors: Каманина Инна Здиславовна , Каплина Светлана Петровна , Чигоева Дзерасса Нугзаровна
Published: October 2024

Цель – оценить состояние почвенного покрова в зоне влияния Унальского хвостохранилища республики Северная Осетия-Алания. Материалы и методы. Опробование почвенного покрова проводилось в 2016-2017 гг. до рекультивации Унальского хвостохранилища на двух участках в районе сел Нижний и Верхний Унал в соответствии с существующими нормативными документами. В почвах определяли водородный показатель (рН), содержание гумуса, валовых и подвижных форм тяжелых металлов 1 и 2 классов опасности (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni). Для оценки уровня загрязнения почв использовали санитарно-гигиенические и эколого-геохимические показатели. Результаты и обсуждение. В районе Унальского хвостохранилища выявлено аномально высокое содержание валовых форм Pb (до 1187 мг/кг), Zn (до 1102 мг/кг), Cd (до 4,81 мг/кг). В районе штольни №43 содержание валовых форм тяжелых металлов значительно ниже и в среднем находится на уровне фоновых значений. Содержание валовых форм Cu и Ni не превышает установленных ОДК. В 50 % обследованных проб выявлено превышение ПДК подвижных форм Pb (до 2,7 ПДК). Превышение ПДК подвижных форм Zn (максимум до 18,3 ПДК) отмечается во всех почвах в районе хвостохранилища и на трех площадках в районе горной выработки (до 4,1 ПДК). Превышение подвижных форм Cu (до 4,6 ПДК) выявлено в почвах двух пробных площадок в районе хвостохранилища. Содержание подвижных форм Ni значительно ниже установленных ПДК. Содержание как валовых, так и подвижных форм тяжелых металлов резко убывает с глубиной и коррелирует с содержанием гумуса в профиле. По суммарному показателю загрязнения более половины обследованных почв в районе Унальского хвостохранилища соответствуют умеренно опасному и опасному уровню загрязнения. Для всех обследованных почв в районе штольни № 43, а также полей под овощными культурами в районе хвостохранилища категория загрязнения характеризуется как допустимая. Выводы. Часть обследованной территории в зоне влияния Унальского хвостохранилища по уровню загрязнения почв относится к зоне экологического бедствия и чрезвычайной экологической ситуации.
Анализ демографической ситуации населения Большого Баку
Authors: Мирзаева Зейнаб Азер кызы
Published: October 2024

Целью исследования является анализ демографических показателей населения Большого Баку (численность населения, естественный прирост, рождаемость, смертность, браки, разводы, миграция) за период 1979-2021 годов в сравнении с показателями для населения города в целом, изучить их формирующие факторы, исследовать существующие проблемы. Материалы и методы. Использовались сравнительный анализ, системно-структурный, историко-географический анализ и статистические методы исследования. Статистической основой работы являются данные Госкомстата: «Демографические показатели Азербайджана», «Население Азербайджана», «Регионы Азербайджана» и материалы переписи населения. Систематизированы, структурированы и в сравнительном порядке проанализированы статистические данные населения города. Результаты и обсуждение. Определено, что высокое социально-экономическое развитие столицы Баку, положение столицы и другие факторы обусловили накопление здесь демографического потенциала. Особенно в годы независимости темпы прироста населения в пригородах (в основном за счет миграции) были выше, чем в центре города. В анализируемый период (1979-2021) относительный коэффициент демографических показателей в Большом Баку незначительно отличался от показателей для общего населения города, а в отдельные годы даже превышал его. Выводы. Установлено, что показатели естественного прироста, рождаемости и брачности в последнее время имеют тенденцию к постепенному снижению, тогда как по показателям смертности и разводимости фиксируется противоположная ситуация.
Анализ современных изменений стока горных рек криолитозоны (на примере Верхней Колымы)
Authors: Ухов Николай Васильевич
Published: October 2024

Цель – оценить особенности формирования поверхностной составляющей стока горных рек криолитозоны под влиянием современных антропогенных и климатических воздействий. Материалы и методы. Для водотоков различных размеров и степени нарушений долин Верхней Колымы вычислены средние расходы за 30–летние периоды (VI – IX месяцы) до и после активной фазы потепления. Проведен анализ изменения водности рек с учетом мерзлотно-гидрогеологических условий и техногенных нарушений в их долинах. Прослежено влияния климатических и техногенных факторов на сток рек с учетом мощности хорошо проницаемого аллювия в поймах. Результаты и обсуждение. Для периода активной фазы изменения климата выявлена устойчивая связь активизации таяния многолетнего льда на водосборах на сток рек. Установлена роль процесса расширения таликов в снижении поверхностной составляющей стока рек с ненарушенными и нарушенными техногенезом долинами. Прослежена роль влияния мощности хорошо проницаемых галечниковых отложений и техногенных нарушений в поймах рек на поверхностную составляющую стока. Выводы. На примере рек бассейна верховий реки Колыма дано геоэкологическое обоснование различного отклика стока рек на активную фазу глобального изменения климата. Для этого периода установлена важная роль в формировании поверхностной составляющей стока противоположных по своей направленности процессов активизации таяния многолетнего льда на водосборах и расширения таликов в долинах рек.
Отличительные особенности современных исследований по проблемам трансформации южноуральских ландшафтов
Authors: Япаров Инбер Мухаметович , Хасанова Галима Фаритовна , Бакиева Эльвира Валерьевна , Вильданов Ильдар Радикович
Published: October 2024

Цель – выявление отличительных особенностей современной трансформации ландшафтов Южного Урала и анализ роли ландшафтно-экологического каркаса в оптимизации природопользования. Материалы и методы. Исходные материалы собраны в течение 2018-2022 годов на ключевых участках исследуемой территории. Всего обследовано 73 ключевых участков для выявления основных тенденций трансформации южноуральских ландшафтов. Применены методы ландшафтного картографирования, сравнительно-географического анализа, прогнозирования и моделирования состояния природных комплексов Результаты и обсуждение. Определены ландшафты, имеющие низкую, среднюю и высокую интенсивность трансформации. Установлены виды воздействий, приводящие к трансформации ландшафтов: пирогенное, пастбищное и лесохозяйственное, техногенное. На основании полученных данных предложено создание природно-экологического каркаса, включающего ключевые территории, репрезентативно представленные особо охраняемые природные территории (ООПТ) более низкого статуса, экологические коридоры, буферные зоны, зоны геостабилизации, резервный фонд. Выводы. Развитие на исследуемой территории разработанного природно-экологического каркаса позволит увеличить долю ООПТ до 31,9 %, что оптимально для восстановления и сохранения природных ресурсов данного региона.
U-Pb Ages of Zircon Grains in the Playa Azul Beach Sediments, Guerrero State, Mexican Pacific
Authors: Armstrong-Altrin John S.
Published: October 2024

The mineralogy of bulk sediments, U-Pb ages and chemistry of 195 detrital zircon grains recovered in the Playa Azul beach, Mexican Pacific coast were performed to infer their provenance. The bulk sediments were composed of minerals like quartz, feldspar, titanite, plagioclase, zircon, and magnetite. The average Th/U ratio in zircon grains was ~ > 0.2, indicated an igneous origin. The chondrite normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns of zircons were depleted in low REE (LREE) and enriched in heavy REE (HREE), with positive cerium and negative europium anomalies, indicating a granitoid source.

U-Pb ages of zircon grains revealed the predominance of Cenozoic and Mesozoic ages in samples PAC2 (~ 33.8 - 61.8 Ma, n = 90 and ~ 67 - 132 Ma, n = 10, respectively) and PAC19 (~ 0.1 -39.6 Ma, n = 55 and ~ 67 - 251 Ma, n = 20, respectively). Minor peaks were represented by Palaeozoic (n = 9) and Precambrian (n = 11) ages in PAC19. Zircon ages and their morphology indicated that they were mostly derived from the nearby terranes. The source terranes, which supplied Cenozoic zircons to the beach area were the coastal Cenozoic plutons and Cuicateco terrane. The Mesozoic zircons in the Playa Azul coastal sediments were derived from the Mixteca (Acatlan Complex), Guerrero, and Xolapa terranes, located along the Mexican Pacific coastal zone. The Proterozoic zircons were represented by the coastal Oaxacan Complex. In addition, the Arteaga Complex in the Guerrero State, adjacent to the playa Azul beach was the potential source for the Eocene zircons.
Gender-related epidemiological characteristics of cauda equina syndrome caused by disc herniation: a 10-year study in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Sefo Haso , Begagić Emir , Bečulić Hakija , Krivić-Džidić Amina , Skomorac Rasim , Alić Fahrduin , Pugonja Ragib , Hadžić Ermin , Sladojević Igor
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The unrecognized cases of cauda equina syndrome (CES) and the lack of epidemiological data in Bosnia and Herzegovina about this neurosurgical emergency, including the Zenica-Doboj Canton, contribute to the lack of awareness among health-care professionals, potentially leading to delayed diagnosis and referral for surgical decompression. Aim of this study is to analyze gender-related epidemiological characteristics of CES in Zenica-Doboj Canton in 10 years period.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Zenica-Doboj Canton, and data were obtained from the time period between 2012 and 2022. The study included a total sample of 1709 patients diagnosed with disc herniation who underwent surgical decompression. In total, 48 patients developed CES.
Results: The analysis unveiled noteworthy gender disparities, with male predominance (79.2% vs. 20.8%, p < 0.001) and varying employment distributions (males: 23.7% unemployed, 63.2% employed, 13.1% retired; females: 40.0% unemployed, 20.0% employed, 40.0% retired, p < 0.001). The calculated OR for 2012-2022 was 2.969 (95% CI: 1.576-5.593), signifying a substantial gender-incidence relationship for CES. CES-I incidence ranged 0.80–1.60/100,000 and CES-R ranged 0.25-0.83/100,000. Highest CES incidence was 4.17/100,000 (2015); the lowest was in 2019 with no CES-R cases reported. Male incidence peaked at 2.64/100,000 (2018), and the lowest was 1.06/100,000 (2013, 2017). For females, the highest was 1.17/100,000 (2018, 2021), with no cases reported in certain years. The affected level demonstrated gender differences, with L4/L5 prevalence in males (47.4%) and L3/L4 in females (50%, p = 0.165).
Conclusion: This study revealed a higher incidence of CES in males compared to females in the Zenica-Doboj Canton. The heterogenicity of data regarding CES occurring due to the lumbar disc herniation is significant. This indicates a clear need for additional research and epidemiological studies that would highlight the population of patients that have a higher risk of CES onset.
Es mi pelo donde otra academia es posible
Authors: Anta Félez José-Luis , Gómez Abeledo Guadalupe
Published: October 2024

It's My Hair could be seen as the result of several things: on the one hand, a life experience of a group of academics men and women, black and white, old and young, who form a whole, and this despite not being so, who reflect on racism, decoloniality and the importance of the body, and who are structured around a research group we call ALMARGEN. But it is also the tension between the processes of domination and the awareness, in a social rather than psychological sense, of the importance of a key element of African and Afro-descendant society: hair. Finally, it is a huge summary of what happens with afro hair, how it is structured and becomes part of an identity, of a social, political and economic construction and, above all, the support of racism, contempt and marginalization.