bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF GROWTH STIMULANTS RIBAV-EXTRA AND EPIN-EXTRA ON THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF KHINGHAN FIR (ABIES NEPHROLEPIS (TRAUTV.) MAXIM.)
Authors: Ostroshenko Valentina Yu. , Ostroshenko Lyudmila Yu.
Published: February 2023

Khinghan fir (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.) is the most common species among the conifers of Primorsky Krai. It plays an important role in forest consumption. However, forest fires and logging lead to a reduction in the range of this species. Thanks to the use of growth stimulants, it is possible to accelerate the restoration of the Far Eastern fir. The aim of the research was to study the effect of the growth stimulants Ribav-Extra and Epin-Extra on germinative energy, laboratory seed germination and morphometric parameters of sprouts (length and weight) of Khinghan fir (Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim.). According to GOSTS, the experiments were carried out in four repetitions in seven different concentrations of solutions (1×10-3 – 1×7×10-3 ml/l). Control − seeds soaked in distilled water. The length of sprouts was measured with the use of an electronic caliper. The mass of sprouts was weighed on an electronic balance. The conducted studies showed, that Ribav-Extra had the greatest effect on sowing qualities of seeds (germinative energy and laboratory germination) at the solution concentrations of 1×2×10-3- 1×7×10-3 ml/l, amounting to 4-16% (excess to the control − 21.2-384.8%). For laboratory germination (21.4-33.1%) − at the concentrations of 1×3×10-3-1×6×10-3 ml/l (excess to the control − 127.7-252.1%). Epin-Extra showed a more active effect on the energy of seed germination with the solution concentrations of 1×2×10-3-1×6×10-3 ml/l, amounting to 4-16%. Excess to the control − 21.2-384.8%. The concentration of solutions 1×3×10-3 - 1×5×10-3 ml/l had a positive effect on laboratory germination of seeds (13-33%), exceeding the control by 38.3-251.1%. An increase in seed quality classes was noted: from the third to the second and first. These stimulants also proved to be effective for increasing the biometric parameters of sprouts (length and weight). Thus, a significant effect of Ribav-Extra on the increase in the length of sprouts was noted at the concentrations of 1×10-3-1×6×10-3 ml/l (excess to the control − 7.7-50%); in Epin-Extra – with the solutions of 1×4×10-3-1×7×10-3 ml/l, exceeding the control by 7.7-40%. Ribav-Extra had a positive effect on the increase in the mass of sprouts in all concentrations of solutions (excess to the control − 5.1-79.5%). Epin-Extra is less effective.
PERFORMANCE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN ACEH BESAR DISTRICT, ACEH PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Mujiburrahmad Mujiburrahmad , Auliya Cut Reva Ony , Marsudi Edy , Baihaqi Akhmad , Manyamsari Ira
Published: February 2023

This study’s objective is to ascertain how big the level of performance of agricultural instructors, and what are the factors that influence their performance. This research was conducted in Aceh Besar District. The number of samples is 28 people. The method used is descriptive qualitative method and multinomial logistic regression. The results showed that the level of performance of agricultural extension workers at a very perfect level was proven by several activities from the preparation of agricultural extension, extension workers who were in the medium category tended to be high in carrying out extension activities, evaluating and compiling reports on the results of extension activities. By using nine variables (x) in the simultaneous test, the value of the intercept only final variable sig value is 0.000, which means that the independent variable statistically significantly affects the dependent variable because the P-value <α(0.00 < 0.05). For the independent variables that affect the dependent variable, namely Xi1 Age, Xi4 Distance of residence, Xi5 Ownership of communication media, Xii1 Training, Xii2 Affordability of work area, Xii3 Availability of facilities and infrastructure, Xii4 Level of active participation of farmers. The seven independent variables have a significant influence on the independent variables.
THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF THE VOLGOGRAD REGION
Authors: Rulev Aleksandr S. , Ruleva Olga V.
Published: February 2023

The study of soil thermophysics is a complex process. It is connected with the weather conditions, the time of year, the cloud cover of the atmosphere. In addition, studies were carried out in a system of bands and the state of the surface layer was influenced by such processes as the number of LP, rock composition. On the interstitial cell – the presence or absence of vegetation, the phases of its development. Therefore, qualitative interpretations of soil temperature indicators will be subjective.

Goal. Based on empirical data, using mathematical modeling based on soil temperature data, calculate the thermophysical characteristics of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region.

Novelty. For the first time, the characteristics of their thermophysical properties have been calculated for chestnut complex soils.

Methods. The soil temperature at a depth of 0–20 and 20–40 cm in the zone of influence of forest strips for a longterm period is considered. The studies were carried out on chestnut and light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region in the system of forest strips (LP). The soil temperature was determined in fields without plants and under crops.

Results. The thermal conductivity and thermal conductivity of chestnut soils were determined. A method of thermal reclamation is considered, which, in the absence of evaporation from the soil surface, causes a negative thermal effect (-∆T). When the soil is open in the interband cell (due to increased heat capacity), it warms up more in forested fields than without forest strips (LP).

Conclusion. Mathematical modeling was used in the calculations of the thermophysical characteristics of soils. Linear, for soil without plants, and exponential (under agricultural crops) dependences are obtained. Mathematical analysis of empirical data on soil temperature showed no differences in the thermophysics of soils with and without vegetation.
PECULIARITIES OF MINERAL COMPOSITION OF BOVINE COLOSTRUM
Authors: Kasharnaya Olga V. , Ermilova Tatyana S. , Safonov Vladimir A. , Chernitsky Anton E.
Published: February 2023

Colostrum or transitional milk is the most important source of nutrition within the first days of a calf’s life. It is the only source of macro and micro elements for newborns. The accumulation of data in scientific publications on the mineral content of bovine colostrum is slow because the researchers primarily focus on the peculiarities of biochemical, in particular, globulin composition.

Aim. To study and systematize available scientific published data on the content of mineral elements in bovine colostrum and its possible influence on calve health.

Materials and Methods. The article contains the review of the composition of various mineral elements in the colostrum of animals based on the results of the studies and experiments of Russian and foreign scientists. Publications were searched for in scientific databases Elibrary, RSCI, Web of Science, Scopus, and a search engine Google Scholar.

Results and Discussion. The authors established certain consistency in the influence of time from the delivery on the content of macro and micro elements in the colostrum. The differences in the mineral content of bovine colostrum are explained by various technologies of cattle handling that differ by the species of animals and other factors.
El valor del patrimonio cultural en la era digital
Authors: Piñeiro-Naval Valeriano , Frutos Esteban Francisco Javier
Published: February 2023

EDITORIAL: Volumen 16, Número 1 (Ene-Jul, 2023)
Validation of rhodamin b analysis method in beef sausage with visible spectrophotometry instruments
Authors: Kurniaty Santyas , Salamah Nina
Published: February 2023

Sausage is made from meat that has been chopped and then mashed, seasoned, and put in a symmetrical elliptical sleeve, made either from animal intestines or artificial wrapping (casing). To attract consumer interest, synthetic food coloring such as Rhodamin B is added. Rhodamin B is a dye prohibited from being used in products, according to the Director General of POM No. 00386/C/SK/II/1990, because the use of Rhodamin B for a long time can cause liver damage and cause cancer. The purpose of this study was to validate the analytical method of rhodamine B in beef sausages by visible spectrophotometry. The sample used in this study was a beef sausage with a reddish-pink characteristic and without a brand. The validation parameters of the method used in this study are linearity, precision, LOD, LOQ, and accuracy. The data obtained were then analyzed using the SPSS Kolmogorov-Smirnov method, then ANOVA was used. The validation results of linearity test methods, LOD LOQ, precision, and accuracy met the requirements of PPOP GMP in 2013.
Analysis of packaging defect on goat milk caramel candy in Etawa Agroprima
Authors: Yahyono Khansa Aulia Arinda Putri Ari , Hidayah Nurul
Published: February 2023

Goat's milk has the same benefits as cow's milk. Goat's milk contains many nutrients, especially complete protein from all kinds of essential amino acids. Etawa Agroprima is a company engaged in the processing and marketing dairy products. One of the products produced is goat's milk caramel candy. These candies are packaged using candy wrappers and diamond paper, which is covered with paper again, then put into PE plastic, sealed using a sealer, and put in a cardboard box. This packaging is intended to maintain the quality of the candy because the candy is easily runny if left open so that the caramel candy is not easily damaged. Writing this final project aims to determine the types of defects that occur in caramel candy products, the number of defective products for the entire product, and the causes of product defects—analysis of product types and defects using Pareto diagram analysis, while the cause using fishbone diagram analysis. Analysis of the data obtained on Etawa Agroprima using the two diagrams shows that the results of the Pareto diagram analysis show three types of defects, including torn packaging 75.56%, damaged packaging 13.33%, and no expiration label 11.11%. Then from the fishbone diagram analysis, it can be seen that the main factor causing defects in goat's milk caramel candy products is the packaging factor. Some root causes include manual production and packaging work, not using modern packaging equipment, contamination by physical contact, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to use automatic packaging tools.
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA PEIRCE: POSTER IKLAN MCDONALD’S SERI FATHER’S DAY
Authors: Akbar M. Aditya Zuhri , Pratishara Gibbran , Wibowo Arif Ardy
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the meaning contained in the McDonald's Father's Day series advertising posters. The type of this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The researcher uses Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic analysis, which focuses on signs and markers, to determine the meaning contained in the poster. According to the research results, the McDonald's poster series Father's Day celebrates Father's Day through the Burger Buns image, which represents a father figure. The text "Happy Father's Day," which indicates that McDonald's is celebrating this special occasion. The yellow M logo is McDonald's identity, as well as the red background represents the primary way McDonald's products are presented.
KARAKTERISTIK KEBAHASAAN TOKOH LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN PADA FILM “TEKA-TEKI TIKA” KARYA ERNEST PRAKASA
Authors: Rupidara Indar , Apriyani Tristanti
Published: February 2023

This research focuses on the language features of the male and female characters in the film “Teka Teki Tika” by Ernest Prakasa. The author presents a characteristic description of the language of male and female characters in films based on Lakoff's theory. In this study, the authors used a qualitative descriptive method with careful observation techniques in obtaining data. The purpose of this study is to describe and identify the language features of the male and female characters in the film "Teka Teti Tika" by Ernest Prakasa. The results of the analysis show that there are six linguistic characteristics found in male and female characters based on Lakoff's theory, namely (1) empty adjectives; (2) hedge; (3) intensifier; (4) super polite form; (5) tag question; and (6) avoidance of strong swear word. The most dominant linguistic feature used in this film is the term super polite form where the female character uses the term with the highest frequency compared to the male character.
MEDAN MAKNA VERBA CUT DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Oktaviana Ika , Lapiana Ummi Nurjamil Baiti , Felayati Safrina Arifiani , Liambo Eka Yunita
Published: February 2023

This study discusses meaning field of verb cut in English. This study is aimed at finding out the lexemes of verb cut and the semantic features contained in each lexeme. The data source for this study is obtained from the research results of Levin (1993) and the iweb corpus. The data of this research only takes lexemes mentioned as group member of verb cut. The data are collected is by finding and writing off groups of cut verbs contained in the book and the corpus. Then after being collected, the data was analyzed by looking for definitions of the group of cut verbs from three dictionaries, namely the Oxford Dictionary of English, Merriam Webster Dictionary, and Longman English Dictionary. After that, the data were analyzed according to the components of meaning contained in the verb cut group. The results of this study indicate that there are 18 lexemes as members of verb cut and there are four semantic features consisting of activity, instrument, object and result features.
Traumatic subtalar joint dislocation
Authors: Anazor Fitzgerald C , Dhinsa Baljinder S
Published: February 2023

Although uncommon, subtalar joint dislocations remain a frequently missed orthopaedic emergency. Detailed soft tissue and neurovascular assessment is important and these should be documented as appropriate. Failure of urgent reduction might lead to increased risk of conversion to an open injury as a result of pressure necrosis of the overlying skin, risk of talar avascular necrosis and risk of neurovascular compromise. A computed tomography scan is needed in all cases following successful closed or open reduction to identify associated occult foot and ankle fractures. The goal of treatment is to reduce the risk of soft tissue and neurovascular compromise and achieve a supple, painless foot.

This article highlights the importance of early identification of this injury and institution of appropriate management according to the latest evidence, to reduce the risk of complications and lead to the best outcomes.
Our Man in Amsterdam
Authors: Butter Richard
Published: February 2023

MaaS is the disruptor – the Netflix – of the transportation industry
Driving Revenue
Authors: Eden JJ
Published: February 2023

Protecting tolling customer privacy is of increasing importance
A randomized controlled trial of patient recall after detailed written consent versus standard verbal consent in adults with routine orthopaedic trauma
Authors: Aslam Amjad M. , Kennedy James , Seghol Haider , Khisty Nikhil , Nicols Thomas A. , Adie Sam
Published: February 2023

Aims

Patient decision aids have previously demonstrated an improvement in the quality of the informed consent process. This study assessed the effectiveness of detailed written patient information, compared to standard verbal consent, in improving postoperative recall in adult orthopaedic trauma patients.

Methods

This randomized controlled feasibility trial was conducted at two teaching hospitals within the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District. Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) pending orthopaedic trauma surgery between March 2021 and September 2021 were recruited and randomized to detailed or standard methods of informed consent using a random sequence concealed in sealed, opaque envelopes. The detailed group received procedure-specific written information in addition to the standard verbal consent. The primary outcome was total recall, using a seven-point interview-administered recall questionnaire at 72 hours postoperatively. Points were awarded if the participant correctly recalled details of potential complications (maximum three points), implants used (maximum three points), and postoperative instructions (maximum one point). Secondary outcomes included the anxiety subscale of the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS-A) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain collected at 24 hours preoperatively and 72 hours postoperatively. Additionally, the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (PSQ-18) measured satisfaction at 72 hours postoperatively.

Results

A total of 60 patients were randomized, 32 to the standard group and 28 to the detailed group. Patients in the detailed group had significantly higher total recall score compared to the standard group (mean difference 1.29 points (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51 to 2.08); p = 0.002). There were no differences in HADS-A (mean difference 0.39 (95% CI -2.11 to 2.88); p = 0.757), VAS pain (mean difference 5.71 (95% CI -22.25 to 11.11); p = 0.499), or PSQ-18 (mean difference 0.499; 95% CI -1.6 to 3.42; p = 0.392).

Conclusion

Detailed written tools are useful in improving postoperative recall in adult orthopaedic trauma patients.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(2):104–109.
Impact and Individualization of Peer Support Arrangements for High School Students With Autism Using Structural Analysis
Authors: Huber Heartley B. , Carter Erik W.
Published: February 2023

Including students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) well in high school general education classrooms requires intentional and individualized support. We examined the efficacy and social validity of peer support arrangements for enhancing the social and academic outcomes of three students with ASD, two of whom also had an intellectual disability (ID). We also explored the use of structural analysis to further individualize these interventions. Peer support arrangements increased social interactions and academic engagement for all three students. Structural analysis results were used to further refine each peer support arrangement. Our findings strengthen support for peer support arrangements as a research-based approach to promote the general education classroom inclusion of high school students with ASD. It also highlights the value of incorporating additional assessment to individualize these interventions for students with ASD with and without ID.
Living in Localities: The Factors That Influence the Social Inclusion in Neighborhoods of Adults With Intellectual Disability. A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Boland Geraldine , de Paor Eilin , Guerin Suzanne
Published: February 2023

Adults with intellectual disability (ID) are now more likely to live in ordinary localities. However, this does not always equate with engagement, leading to forming new relationships and a sense of connection. This systematic scoping review examined research on social inclusion in neighborhoods for adults with ID, synthesizing 94 peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2020. The characteristics of neighborhoods that foster inclusion include: richness of opportunities in localities, public acceptance, positive neighboring, and multidimensional accessibility. Social inclusion in neighborhoods is complex, with a range of other influencing factors also identified. Recommendations for further research and implications for practice are discussed to support individuals to actively engage locally and to enhance their informal social networks.
Ultra-compact and ultra-broadband arbitrary-order silicon photonic multi-mode converter designed by an intelligent algorithm
Authors: Dou Toughui , Yue Song , Wang Ran , Hou Yu , Shi Haiyan , Zhang Zhe , Liu Yuxin , Xue Mei , Zhang Zichen
Published: February 2023

Multi-mode converters, which can achieve spatial mode conversion in multimode waveguide, play a key role in multi-mode photonics and mode-division multiplexing (MDM). However, rapid design of high-performance mode converters with ultra-compact footprint and ultra-broadband operation bandwidth is still a challenge. In this work, through combining adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) and finite element simulations, we present an intelligent inverse design algorithm and successfully designed a set of arbitrary-order mode converters with low excess losses (ELs) and low crosstalk (CT). At the communication wavelength of 1550 nm, the footprint of designed TE0–n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) and TE2–n (n = 0, 1, 3, 4) mode converters are only 1.8 × 2.2 µm2. The maximum and minimum conversion efficiency (CE) is 94.5% and 64.2%, and the maximum and minimum ELs/CT are 1.92/-10.9 dB and 0.24/-20 dB, respectively. Theoretically, the smallest bandwidth for simultaneously achieving ELs ≤ 3 dB and CT ≤ -10 dB exceeds 70 nm, which can be as large as 400 nm for the case of low-order mode conversion. Moreover, the mode converter in conjunction with a waveguide bend allows for mode-conversion in ultra-sharp waveguide bends, significantly increasing the density of on-chip photonic integration. This work provides a general platform for the realization of mode converters and has good prospect in application of multimode silicon photonics and MDM.
Using a deep learning algorithm in image-based wavefront sensing: determining the optimum number of Zernike terms
Authors: Shohani Jafar Bakhtiar , Hajimahmoodzadeh Morteza , Fallah Hamidreza
Published: February 2023

The turbulent atmosphere usually degrades the quality of images taken on Earth. Random variations of the refractive index of light cause distortion of wavefronts propagating to ground-based telescopes. Compensating these distortions is usually accomplished by adaptive optics (AO) approaches. The control unit of AO adjusts the phase corrector, such as deformable mirrors, based on the incoming turbulent wavefront. This can be done by different algorithms. Usually, these algorithms encounter real-time wavefront compensation challenges. Although many studies have been conducted to overcome these issues, we have proposed a method, based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) as a branch of deep learning (DL) for sensor-less AO. To this objective, thousands of wavefronts, their Zernike coefficients, and corresponding intensity patterns in diverse conditions of turbulence are generated and fed into the CNN to predict the wavefront of new intensity patterns. The predictions are done for considering the different number of Zernike terms, and the optimum number is achieved by comparing wavefront errors.
Análisis multitemporal y dinámícas fluviales del brazo de Mompox (río Magdalena), corregimiento de Cantera, Bolívar, Colombia
Authors: Castro Padilla Ricardo Antonio , Jiménez Peñaranda Camilo Eduardo , Rojas Martínez Elías Ernesto , Lascarro Navarro Frank David , Manco Dino Carmelo
Published: February 2023

Contexto: El brazo de Mompox (río Magdalena) se ubica en una zona caracterizada por cotas bajas, su dinámica fluvial tiende a desbordar su cauce e inundar zonas aledañas en periodos de fuertes lluvias. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la dinámica fluvial del brazo de Mompox, en el corregimiento de Cantera (Bolívar, Colombia), mediante análisis multitemporales de imágenes satelitales. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de estudios efectuados, así como un análisis del caudal medio, mínimo y máximo en las estaciones hidrometeorológicas del IDEAM (Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales), ubicadas en los alrededores del área analizada; posteriormente, se plasmó una geomorfología utilizando imágenes satelitales de los años 1960, 1969 y 1977 (en periodos húmedos), y 2009, 2014 y 2017 (en periodos secos). Resultados: La subcuenca del brazo de Mompox presenta una topografía suavizada plana, las cotas varían un metro entre unas y otras aproximadamente. Cuenta con un sistema fluvial meándrico con drenajes estacionarios trenzados, paralelos al brazo de Mompox; los drenajes y canales están interconectados con depresiones (ciénagas y humedales) que almacenan cuerpos de agua por un tiempo considerable a lo largo del año, estas zonas se conocen como llanuras inundables o llanuras de inundación. Conclusiones: El brazo de Mompox muestra un aumento en su sinuosidad, debido a los procesos erosivos y deposicionales que tiene el río naturalmente, su evolución es estable, se comporta como un río anastomosado, con trazos meándricos en algunos sectores, cumpliendo un papel importante en las inundaciones, proporcionando volúmenes de agua en periodos de lluvias, iniciando así el proceso de inundación.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus) from Western Himalaya
Authors: Singh Vinaya Kumar , Joshi Bheem Dutt , Dalui Supriyo , Ghosh Avijit , Jabin Gul , Sharief Amira , Kumar Vineet , Singh Hemant , Singh Sujeet Kumar , Chandra Kailash , Sharma Lalit Kumar , Thakur Mukesh
Published: February 2023

Himalayan tahr is a group-living animal of high-altitude Himalaya, distributed all across the subalpine range that also formed an important prey base for large carnivores in Himalaya. The species is threatened due to habitat fragmentation, illegal poaching, and anthropogenic activities. We undertook population genetic assessment of Himalayan tahr from Western Himalaya and observed comparable genetic diversity at both mitochondrial and nuclear microsatellite loci. Bayesian skyline plots showed stable demography in the past several thousand years. We identified 27 unique individuals with a select panel of seven loci and the Bayesian structure analysis inferred two genetic clusters. The present study is the first report on the population genetic make-up of Himalayan tahr and can be used for long-term genetic monitoring of the species.
Wealth Consumption, Sociopolitical Organization, and Change: A Perspective from Burial Analysis on the Middle Bronze Age in the Carpathian Basin
Authors: Laabs Julian
Published: February 2023

Tracing the patterns of wealth consumption within and between burial communities can reveal different aspects of the sociopolitical and economic abilities of and relations between individuals, groups, and whole communities. For a cross-cultural comparison, burial communities of the cultural groups of the Hungarian Middle Bronze Age Vatya and Füzesabony pottery styles in the Carpathian Basin were chosen. Special emphasis is put on the development of the wealth consumption during the late phase of the Middle Bronze Age. It could be shown that Vatya and Füzesabony communities exhibit very similar patterns of wealth consumption and seemingly sociopolitical organization. In the cemetery of Dunaújváros-Duna-dűlő, a dynamic competition and cooperation between different social segments can be witnessed, representing an arena in which signaling the individual’s and groups’ ability to participate in sociopolitical organization of the burial community took place. The wealth consumption over the whole considered geographical space, and beyond, changes during the late Middle Bronze Age. It can be assumed that during the times of change, cultural convergence increases, as changes in burial rites and wealth consumption suggest. This development is possible because Vatya and Füzesabony shared a very similar sociopolitical organization as well as the perception of wealth and how it should be consumed.
Ammonia gas-sensing behavior of uniform nanostructured PPy film prepared by simple-straightforward in situ chemical vapor oxidation
Authors: Van Nguyen Khong , Trung Bui Ha , Van Tuan Chu , Doanh Sai Cong , Vu Tung Duy , Trung Tran , Thai Giang Hong , Giang Ho Truong , Hien Hoang Thi
Published: February 2023

A highly uniform nanostructured polypyrrole (PPy) film prepared by a simple, straightforward in situ route of chemical vapor oxidation has been demonstrated as a sensitive substrate for NH3 gas sensing. The structure of PPy film was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The binding characteristics of the functional groups of the PPy film were examined by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. NH3 sensing properties of the PPy film were evaluated by its resistive response to gas concentrations from 45 to 350 ppm at different temperatures ranging from 25 to 100°C. The sensing response maximum value was 142.6% when exposed to 350 ppm of NH3 gas at room temperature (25°C). The sensing response of PPy film shows an excellent linear relationship and high selectivity toward NH3. The NH3 sensing mechanism is due to the physisorption and chemisorption interactions of NH3 molecules and the adsorptive sites of PPy (polaron and bipolaron charging carriers).
Shifting the perspective: how positive thinking can help diminish the negative effects of pain
Authors: Boselie Jantine J.L.M. , Peters Madelon L.
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The field of pain psychology has taken significant steps forward during the last decades and the way we think about how to treat chronic pain has radically shifted from a biomedical perspective to a biopsychosocial model. This change in perspective has led to a surge of accumulating research showing the importance of psychological factors as determinants for debilitating pain. Vulnerability factors, such as pain-related fear, pain catastrophizing and escape/avoidant behaviours may increase the risk of disability. As a result, psychological treatment that has emerged from this line of thinking has mainly focused on preventing and decreasing the adverse impact of chronic pain by reducing these negative vulnerability factors. Recently, another shift in thinking has emerged due to the field of positive psychology, which aims to have a more complete and balanced scientific understanding of the human experience, by abandoning the exclusive focus on vulnerability factors towards including protective factors.

Methods

The authors have summarised and reflected on the current state-of-the-art of pain psychology from a positive psychology perspective.

Results

Optimism is an important factor that may in fact buffer and protect against pain chronicity and disability. Resulting treatment approaches from a positive psychology perspective are aimed at increasing protective factors, such as optimism, to increase resilience towards the negative effects of pain.

Conclusions

We propose that the way forward in pain research and treatment is the inclusion of both vulnerability and protective factors. Both have unique roles in modulating the experience of pain, a finding that had been neglected for too long. Positive thinking and pursuing valued goals can make one’s life gratifying and fulfilling, despite experiencing chronic pain.
Touch wood: luck, protection, power or pleasure? A wooden phallus from Vindolanda Roman fort
Authors: Collins Rob , Sands Rob
Published: February 2023

The anaerobic conditions at the Roman fort of Vindolanda, close to Hadrian's Wall in northern Britain, have famously preserved a variety of finds made of organic materials, including wooden writing tablets and a pair of leather boxing gloves. Here, the authors re-examine a wooden object originally recovered in 1992, re-interpreting the find as a large, disembodied phallus. Stone and metal phalli are known from across the Roman world, but the Vindolanda example is the first wooden phallus to be recognised. Combining evidence for potential use-wear with a review of other archaeological and contextual information, the authors consider various possible interpretations of the function and significance of the Vindolanda phallus during the second century AD.
FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CuInSe2 THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS WITH FLUORINE DOPED ZnO AS NEW BUFFER LAYER
Authors:   Laboratoire N-corps & Structure de la Matière : LNCSM Ecole Normale Supérieure - Kouba, Algerie, GHEZAL F. , BELAL T. ,   Laboratoire N-corps & Structure de la Matière : LNCSM Ecole Normale Supérieure - Kouba, Algerie, ZAIR R.TALA-IGHIL ,   University M'hamed Bougara Boumerdes, URMPE, Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Algeria
Published: February 2023

Copper indium diselenide CuInSe2 (CISe) thin films are very important semiconductor material for solar cell applications.In this study, CuInSe2 (CIS), and Fluorine doped ZnO (ZnO:F) thin films were electrodeposited from aqueous solutions consisting of CuCl2, InCl3,and SeO2 with Na-citrate as complexing agents onto Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates for CuInSe2,and ZnCl2,NH4F were used as sources of ZnO and fluorine doping respectively. The microstructures, morphologies, and optical properties of the CuInSe2 With new buffer layer fluorine doped ZnO (FZO) were characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that all the films CuInSe2 are tetragonal chalcopyrite with favored orientation along (112) direction and Cu:In:Se crystals are nearly 1:1:2 atomic ratio. The surface morphology of all layers were void free, compact and fairly uniform. The near stoichiometries CuInSe2 film (annealing at 350°C), has the optica
Preparation of CdS/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst with high activity sites by acid treatment
Authors:   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, Ma Y. L. , Tao Y. Y. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China
Published: February 2023

The key to achieve efficient degradation of organic pollutants lies in improving the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs in photocatalysts. Here, the hydrogen bonds between g-C3N4 layers were broken by concentrated acid etching and exfoliation to obtain a more dispersed and lighter g-C3N4 nanosheet structure, and then the CdS spherical nanoparticles were dispersed on g-C3N4 nanosheets by hydrothermal method. The optimal loading of CdS on g-C3N4 nanosheets was determined by testing the degradation performance of the composite photocatalysts with different loading amounts. The degradation performance was tested by simulating sunlight using a 700-800 W xenon lamp equipped with a 420 nm cut-off filter, which showed that the degradation of MB by 7% CdS/g-C3N4 photocatalyst was 90.7% for MB. It indicates that concentrated acid treatment and loading of CdS nanoparticles can significantly improve the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 nanosheets, which is attributed to the enhancedup conversion function of g-C3N4 by loading CdS to enhance the response range and ability of g-C3N4 in visible light and the photogenerated electron-hole pair separation rate by loading CdS, thus improving the photocatalytic performance of the composite.
High performance SPR biosensor using Cu-Pt bimetallic layers and 2D materials
Authors:   Department of physics, Government Arts College, Salem-636007,Tamilnadu, India, Maheswari P. , Ravi V. ,   Department of physics, Government Arts College, Salem-636007,Tamilnadu, India, Rajesh K.B. ,   Department of Physics, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tirupur-641602, Tamil Nadu, India, Rahman S. M. H. ,   Department of Physics, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tirupur-641602, Tamil Nadu, India, Jha R. ,   Nanophotonics and Plasmonics Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, India
Published: February 2023

In this present paper, we propose a surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensor having better performance parameters based on Kretschmann configuration. The proposed SPR sensor is a modified Kretschmann configuration comprised of BK7 prism-Cu-Pt-Graphene/BP/WS2. The bimetallic layer provides consistent enhancement of sensitivity over other SPR structures. Extensive numerical analysis based on transfer matrix theory has been performed to characterize the sensor response considering sensitivity, full width at half maxima (FWHM), detection accuracy(DA), quality factor(QF) with other conventional reported SPR sensor. We have also analyzed the electric field intensity enhancement factor(EFIEF) for the proposed SPR sensor. We have found that maximum sensitivity of 309deg/RIU corresponds to the four layer of BP configuration. We believe that this proposed SPR sensor could find the new platform for the chemical examination, medical diagnosis, gas detection and biological detection.
Cesium-metalloid halide perovskites MBX3 (M1+= Cs; B2+= Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; X–= Cl, Br, I) as semiconductor photovoltaic materials for sustainable renewable-energy applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts in Al-Muthnib, Qassim University, Al-Muthnib 51931, Saudi Arabia, Almeshal A. , Musa Saad H.-E M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts in Al-Muthnib, Qassim University, Al-Muthnib 51931, Saudi Arabia, Alsobhi B. O. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2023

With the dawning of 21st century, governments faced three urgent challenges, global economic crisis, energy crisis and global warming. So, the research goals have directed on developing novel renewable-energy technologies as suitable alternative sources of the traditional energy that addresses these problems. Photovoltaic based solar cells technology gives sustainable solutions and depends on inorganic materials with specific properties. Among this family, halide perovskites (MBX3) have been investigated during the last five years. Besides studying their unique properties as flexible structures, high stability, tunable semiconductor band-gap (Eg 2.50 eV), high charge-carrier mobility and large optical absorption, research also seek for promising and multifaceted electroptical applications that give an amazing power efficiency (~24.0 %) in photovoltaic technology. The current challenge is to synthesis MBX3 materials provide suitable properties, include notable chemical stability at high temperatures, high electrical power efficiency, broad emission and tunable semiconducting Eg. Motivated by the site substitution effect, we extended this concept to build a series of cesium-metalloid MBX3 (M1+ = Cs; B2+ = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; X– = Cl, Br, I), and investigate their structural, stability and optoelectronic properties. We expect these investigations will provide inspiration for an innovation of such MBX3 materials in photovoltaic applications.
Phase separation of Hippo signalling complexes
Authors: Bonello Teresa T , Cai Danfeng , Fletcher Georgina C , Wiengartner Kyler , Pengilly Victoria , Lange Kimberly S , Liu Zhe , Lippincott‐Schwartz Jennifer , Kavran Jennifer M , Thompson Barry J
Published: February 2023

The Hippo pathway was originally discovered to control tissue growth inDrosophilaand includes the Hippo kinase (Hpo; MST1/2 in mammals), scaffold protein Salvador (Sav; SAV1 in mammals) and the Warts kinase (Wts; LATS1/2 in mammals). The Hpo kinase is activated by binding to Crumbs‐Expanded (Crb‐Ex) and/or Merlin‐Kibra (Mer‐Kib) proteins at the apical domain of epithelial cells. Here we show that activation of Hpo also involves the formation of supramolecular complexes with properties of a biomolecular condensate, including concentration dependence and sensitivity to starvation, macromolecular crowding, or 1,6‐hexanediol treatment. Overexpressing Ex or Kib induces formation of micron‐scale Hpo condensates in the cytoplasm, rather than at the apical membrane. Several Hippo pathway components contain unstructured low‐complexity domains and purified Hpo‐Sav complexes undergo phase separationin vitro. Formation of Hpo condensates is conserved in human cells. We propose that apical Hpo kinase activation occurs in phase separated “signalosomes” induced by clustering of upstream pathway components.
Niezależność od importu surowców energetycznych jako kluczowy element bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego państwa. Polska na tle krajów UE
Authors:   Wydział Ekonomiczny, Uniwersytet Gdański, Pangsy-Kania Sylwia , Wierzbicka Katarzyna ,   Wydział Ekonomii i Finansów, Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
Published: February 2023

Purpose – The aim of the article is to present the problem of energy security as a key element of the economic security of the state. The study presents methods of measuring energy security, and then the study analyzes the dependence on energy imports of the EU countries. A special place was devoted to the Polish economy – in the context of searching for an answer to the question of whether Poland has a chance to achieve independence from the import of energy resources in the coming years. Research method – The article uses the method of descriptive and explanatory research, mainly the analysis of Eurostat data, as well as the cause and effect analysis based on a review of the literature on the subject. Results – Presentation of Poland’s energy security in comparison with other EU countries, paying special attention to (no) dependence on imported energy resources. Originality/value/implications/recommendation – The article presents quantitative and qualitative methods of measuring energy security, and then presents a ranking of the EU countries from the point of view of the index of energy dependence on imports, de facto from Russia. Moreover, the paper indicates forecasts for the Polish economy in the context of its energy security.
Tax aspects of sharing economy in the context of the shadow economy on the example of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Authors:   Politechnika Rzeszowska, Wydział Zarządzania, Pasternak-Malicka Monika , Dębowski Tomasz ,   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Wydział Ekonomii i Finansów
Published: February 2023

Purpose – The aim of this article is an attempt to assess the scope of the shadow economy in transactions concluded within the sharing economy based on the authors’ own research. Research method – The implementation of the aim required the use of the direct method – a questionnaire. The results of empirical research from years 2016–2022 carried out in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship are presented. Results – The paper describes the essence and scope of the shadow economy, as well as the legal and tax aspects of the sharing economy. Parts of own survey research from years 2016–2022 on the issue under study are also presented. Originality/value/implications/recommendations – The obtained results of own research and the data taken from reports of other research centres do not give a clear answer to the question of how great the scope of unrecorded transactions made within the sharing economy in the area of Podkarpackie Voivodeship is. In the future, it is necessary to continue research in the marked area.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN MODUL BAHASA MANDARIN RUMAH BAHASA UNIVERSAL DENGAN KELAYAKAN ISI BSNP
Authors: Handoyo Alvinia Glori , Elmubarok Zaim , Sari Titin Komala
Published: February 2023

Abstract Module is one of printed teaching materials which has self instructional characteristic, that make students to learn independently. When students facing some difficulties, teachers may help them. In fact, the students of 7th grade in YSKI Semarang Junior High School often facing difficulties and need teacher’s help to learn Rumah Bahasa Universal Chinese module on YSKI Semarang Junior High School in the 1st semester of 7th grade. So, in this study, the researcher trying to analyze the compatibility of module with appropriate contents of BSNP, to determine how much information which received by the students through the module. BSNP is an evaluator institution for appropriateness of book or teaching material. This study use descriptive qualitative method, because the researcher will explain the compatibility of module’s contents with appropriate contents of BSNP. According to the result of this research, Rumah Bahasa Universal Chinese module on YSKI Semarang Junior High School in the 1st semester of 7th grade is less compatible with appropriate contents of BSNP. There are some basic competence that not fulfilled by module, there are some writting mistake in Hanyu Pinyin spelling, lack of explanation on grammar, etc. So, there should be an evaluation to the Chinese module. AbstrakModul merupakan salah satu bahan ajar cetak yang memiliki karakteristik self instructional, yang membuat siswa dapat belajar mandiri. Ketika siswa menemukan kesulitan guru boleh membantu. Namun pada kenyataannya siswa kelas VII SMP Kristen YSKI (Yayasan Sekolah Kristen Indonesia) Semarang merasa kesulitan dan sangat membutuhkan bantuan guru dalam mempelajari modul Bahasa Mandarin Rumah Bahasa Universal kelas VII SMP Kristen YSKI Semarang semester I. Oleh sebab itu, pada penelitian kali ini penulis berusaha menganalisis kesesuaian modul tersebut dengan rambu-rambu kelayakan isi BSNP (Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan), untuk mengetahui seberapa banyak informasi yang diterima siswa melalui modul tersebut. BSNP merupakan lembaga penilai kelayakan buku atau bahan ajar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, karenapenulis akan menjabarkan kesesuaian isi modul dengan rambu-rambu kelayakan isi BSNP. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, modul Bahasa Mandarin Rumah Bahasa Universal kelasVII SMP Kristen YSKI Semarang semester I kurang sesuai dengan rambu-rambu kelayakanisi BSNP. Ada beberapa Kompetensi Dasar (KD) yang tidak terpenuhi oleh modul, adabeberapa kesalahan penulisan dalam ejaan Hanyu Pinyin, kurangnya penjelasan pada materitata bahasa, dan lain-lain. Oleh sebab itu, perlu diadakan evaluasi terhadap modul Bahasa Mandarin tersebut.