bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChaC1-based drug screenings identify a synergistic lethal effect of auranofin and proteasome inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Authors: Zheng Min , Yu Cheng , Liu Jinyu , Jian Hejia , Jiang Mingting , Zhang Binghui , Lin Meiyan , Lin Junjin , Zhong Chuan-Qi
Published: August 2023

The gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase, ChaC1, is an enzyme catalyzing glutathione (GSH) degradation. In this study, we performed ChaC1 activity-based drug screening from FDA-approved drug library to identify GSH-detoxifying drugs, and found that ChaC1 overexpression mediated glutathione depletion largely enhanced the anticancer efficacy of auranofin (AUR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. AUR treatment in ChaC1 overexpressed cells led to constitutive activation of oxidative stress and induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response genes, such as ATF4 and ATF3. Proteomic study showed that co-treatment of AUR and ChaC1 overexpression upregulated a series of cell death promoting genes, such as DEDD2 and DDIT4. To mimic ChaC1 overexpression by inducing endogenous ChaC1 high expression, we performed ChaC1 expression-based drug screening for ChaC1 inducing drugs from the same drug library, and found that proteasome inhibitors (PIs), including Bortezomib (BTZ), Ixazomib (IXZ) and Delanzomib (DLZ), dramatically induced endogenous ChaC1 expression in an ATF4 dependent manner in HCC cells. Furthermore, combinational treatment of AUR and PIs synergistically led to cell death, which could be inhibited by N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and cycloheximide (CHX), but not Z-VAD-FMK (zVAD), necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) or chloroquine (CQ). Induction of DEDD2 and DDIT4 was also observed in PIs and AUR co-treated cells. Finally, blockade of the ATF4-ChaC1 pathway suppressed cell death and upregulation of DEDD2 and DITT4 in response to PIs and AUR co-treatment in HCC cells. Together, our study identified a synergistic lethal effect of PIs and AUR in HCC cells through ChaC1-based drug screenings, suggesting that combination of PIs and AUR might be repurposed for HCC treatment.
Exploring the nutraceutical potential and safety assessment of wild edible plants in Sikkim, India: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Seal Tapan , Chaudhuri Kausik , Pillai Basundhara , Sherpa Norbu , Gogoi Rajib
Published: August 2023

The consumption of wild edible plants has been instrumental in addressing food and nutritional needs and improving the health of marginalized communities in rural areas worldwide. This study aimed to assess the nutritive value, mineral content, vitamin content, and toxicological status of ten wild edible plants, namely Aralia armata, Macropanax dispermus, Fagopyrum dibotrys, Heracleum wallichii, Tupistra clarkei, and Rumex nepalensis. These plants are commonly consumed by tribal communities in Sikkim, India. Samples of these plants were collected from various regions in Sikkim, and their nutraceutical potential was evaluated using established food analysis methods recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The analysis revealed high protein contents in several species, notably in A. armata (19.30±1.01%). Carbohydrate content ranged from 6.42±0.10% (R. nepalensis) to 11.16±0.48% (T. clarkei). Moreover, all plants exhibited significant mineral content, including sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium. Additionally, water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C (11.51±0.24 - 87.56±0.41 mg/100g of dry plant material) as well as B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B9 were present in appreciable amounts. The levels of antinutrients, such as oxalate, phytate, and saponin, as well as heavy metals (lead, chromium, cadmium, and mercury), were found to be below the established toxic thresholds in all plants. Thus, they pose no immediate health risks associated with these compounds. Furthermore, assessments of haemolytic toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of water extracts from the wild edible plants indicated their safety for human consumption. Therefore, this study highlights the potential utilization of wild edible plants as a source of dietary supplements, potentially leading to their commercialization. Understanding consumer perceptions towards wild edible plants in India is crucial in this regard.
Effects of Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) repair combined with biological mesh on reproductive function in male inguinal hernia patients of reproductive age: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Li-Xiao , Kang Jia-Qi , Zhang Li-Fei , Ye Zhi-Bin , Zhao Hong-Yu , Liang Wei
Published: August 2023

Objective
To investigate the impact of Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) repair combined with biological mesh on the reproductive function of male inguinal hernia patients during their reproductive period, we conducted a retrospective analysis.
Methods
Sixty male inguinal hernia patients admitted to our department from October 2015 to October 2021 were included in the study. All patients underwent TAPP combined with biological mesh performed by the same surgical team. Prior to surgery, as well as at 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery, bilateral testicular volume, testicular temperature, testicular blood perfusion, peripheral serum testosterone concentration, and semen analysis were assessed.
Results
The preoperative testicular volume, temperature, and blood perfusion were compared between the healthy side and the affected side. Additionally, the testicular volume, temperature, blood perfusion of the affected side, peripheral blood testosterone concentration, and semen analysis were compared at four different time points: before operation, 3 months after operation, 6 months after operation, and 12 months after operation. It is worth noting that all P values were found to be greater than 0.05.
Conclusions
Transabdominal Preperitoneal repair combined with biological mesh has no significant effect on the reproductive function of reproductive male patients with inguinal hernia.
The comparison of sereve OSAHS and mild-moderate OSAHS and analysis of risk factors
Authors: Lv Meng , Xu Xueyun , He Yanyu , Jiang Yuting , Geng Yaxuan , Wang Zhihui , Zhang Zhen , Wang Fengqian , Wang Shuqi , Wang Yuqing
Published: August 2023

Obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS） can result in neurobehavioral and cardiovascular complications and growth impairment ,especially sereve OSAHS，We explored risk factors for severe OSAHS in children who snored and who visited the Children's Hospital of Soochow University from June 2017 to October 2021.A total of 142 patients were enrolled, including 104 patients in the mild-moderate OSAHS group and 38 patients in the severe OSAHS group. Our study found that age、tonsillar hypertrophy were risk factors for severe OSAHS, indicating that this factor has certain clinical significance for the identification of patients with severe OSAHS.
Outage Performance and Energy Efficiency Optimization of Wireless-Powered Millimeter-Wave Sensor Networks
Authors: Fuan Xiao , Xiaowu Li , Kun Tang , Entao Luo
Published: August 2023

With the widespread use of wireless sensor networks, one of the most pressing concerns is extending the lifetime of the sensors. By deploying directional antenna arrays, millimeter wave (mmWave) is a possible candidate for wireless energy transfer (WET). This paper investigates a beneficial combination of WPT and data transmission in a typical mmWave sensor network with Rayleigh channels, where a transmission interval can be divided into two sub-intervals. During the first sub-interval, one hybrid access point (HAP) employs beamforming techniques to transfer energy for serving multiple sensors within the service sector. The sensors then transmit their individual signal in turn to the HAP based on time division multiple address (TDMA) strategy by using the whole harvested energy. According to stochastic geometry, the exact and approximate expressions of conditional beam outage probability for the considered system are determined, respectively. The optimal time allocation of energy harvesting and data transmission for sensors is examined in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. The optimization problem can be translated into corresponding parametric form, and the resulting optimization problem can be solved using the Lagrange dual method with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. The numerical results show the variation trend of the beam outage probability under various parameters and verify the accuracy of the theoretical analyses. Furthermore, the simulation results illustrate that the proposed optimal time allocation strategy can significantly enhance the overall energy efficiency of the system compared with other similar scheme.
The effects of living arrangements on dietary diversity and depression among Chinese older adults
Authors: Xian Xiaobing , Yu Rong , Qu Linhan , Ye Mengliang
Published: August 2023

Background
There is growing evidence that addressing the health problems associated with population aging is imminent. We aimed to explore the effects of living arrangements on dietary diversity and mental health from an older Chinese population and to examine the mediating role of dietary diversity to provide a theoretical basis for how to better promote healthy aging.
Methods
Using data from the seventh Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) and including relevant basic demographic characteristics variables as control variables, this study used logistic regression to investigate the relationship between living arrangements of older adults on dietary diversity, depression and anxiety, and used the PROCESS procedure to test for mediating effects.
Results
Older adults living with their families and those living in nursing homes had higher dietary diversity scores compared to those living alone. Older adults living in nursing homes were more likely to acquire depression than those living alone, and those living with family members were at lower risk of depression. There was no significant effect of living arrangement of older adults on anxiety. The mediating effect of dietary diversity between living arrangement and depression was significant.
Conclusion
Living arrangements directly affect older people's dietary diversity and depression, and dietary diversity mediates the relationship between living arrangements and depression. Our findings can contribute to current theory and knowledge and provide insights into social policy, elderly services, and social work interventions for the older adults in China.
Downregulation of RCN1 inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression and M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Guo Haiyang , Su Jinghao , Hu Guangbing , Liu Bingyang , Li Jie , Sun Jinhong , Wang Xiaobo , Liu Han , Xiong Shiyu , Tang Yong , Yin Yaolin , Wang Xianfei
Published: August 2023

Background: Reticulocalbin 1 (RCN1) is a calcium-binding protein involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical value and biological role of RCN1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In addition, we also investigated the effect of RCN1 on the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
Methods: The GSE53625 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to analyze the expression of RCN1 mRNA and the relationship with clinical value and immune cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry was used to validate the expression of RCN1 and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. Subsequently, transwell and cell scratch assays were conducted to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of ESCC cells. The expression levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were detected using Western blotting, while flow cytometry and Western blotting were employed to detect cell apoptosis. Additionally, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were utilized to evaluate the role of RCN1 in macrophage polarization.
Results: RCN1is significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and is closely associated with lymphatic metastasis and a poor prognosis; it is an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients. Knockdown of RCN1 significantly inhibits migration, invasion, and EMT of ESCC cells, and promotes cell apoptosis. In addition, RCN1 downregulation inhibited the polarization of M2 macrophages.
Conclusion: RCN1is upregulated in ESCC patients and is negatively correlated with patient prognosis. Knocking down RCN1 can inhibit the progression of ESCC cells and polarization of M2 macrophages. RCN1 could serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic indicator for ESCC, and targeting RCN1 is a very promising therapeutic target.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals the Promotion of Mitochondrial Hyperactive Microglial Subpopulations by CSF1R following Stroke
Authors: Zou Qing , Wu Hao , Zhou Jianxin , Tian Guangzhou , Fu Wenjun , Zhao Xuyu , Ward Natalie , Wang Ruyi , Zhao Robert Chunhua , Wang Jiao
Published: August 2023

Stroke is a medical emergency that occurs due to interruption or reduction of the blood supply to the brain, which results in brain tissue damage. Despite mitochondria are damaged to a certain extent after cells are subjected to oxygen/sugar deprivation following stroke, clinical data have not demonstrated mitochondrial damage aggravates the progression of stroke. In the present study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of 29,388 cells from the hippocampus of normal mice and those with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were obtained and further analyzed. Our data reveal extensive heterogeneity among immune cells, with microglia exhibiting distinct transcriptomic signatures. In-depth bioinformatics analysis identified the mitochondrial leucine-tRNA synthetase 2 (Lars2) as being aberrantly expressed in multiple cell types. Additionally, stroke-specific microglial subpopulations exhibited similar expression patterns to those of disease-associated microglia (DAM). The Csf1-Csf1r pathway was highly activated in microglia during the autocrine process following stroke, and Csf1r is highly expressed in microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system, suggesting Csf1r promotes the subpopulation of microglia with highly active mitochondria following stroke. Our results implied that blockade of the Csf1r signaling pathway may have therapeutic significance in neuroinflammatory diseases such as stroke. These findings provide new insights into cell subtype diversity and molecular characteristics following brain injury from the perspective of microglia and mitochondria.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Accelerates Systemic Sclerosis by Increasing Inflammatory Cytokines, Th17 Cells, and Fibrosis
Authors: Jeong Ha Yeon , Park Jin-Sil , Woo Jin Seok , Lee Kun Hee , Choi Jeong Won , Kang Hye Yeon , Na Hyun Sik , Lee Yeon Su , Um In Gyu , Park Sung-Hwan , Cho Mi-La
Published: August 2023

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induces a dysfunctional immune response, inflammation, autoantibody production, and coagulopathy, which are symptoms that bear resemblance to those of autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Methods
While there is a single case report suggesting an association between COVID-19 and SSc, the effects of COVID-19 on SSc are not yet fully understood. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells were transfected with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein gene, both in the absence and presence of TGF-β. The expression levels of fibrosis-related proteins were measured via Western blotting. A bleomycin (BLM)-induced SSc mouse model was employed, wherein mice were injected with the gene encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the ACE2 receptor. The levels of fibrosis, autoantibodies, thrombotic factors, and inflammatory cytokines in tissues and serum were analyzed.
Results
In vitro, the expression levels of fibrosis marker proteins were elevated in the spike protein group compared to the control group. In vivo, the skin thickness of SSc mice increased following exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Furthermore, the levels of autoantibodies and thrombotic factors, such as anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLA), were significantly increased in the presence of the protein. Flow cytometry analysis revealed increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 in the skin, lungs, spleen, and blood. Moreover, tissue fibrosis and levels of inflammatory cytokines in skin and lung tissues were markedly escalated in SSc mice subjected to the protein.
Conclusion
COVID-19 may accelerate the development and progression of SSc by intensifying fibrosis through the upregulation of inflammation, autoantibody production, and thrombosis.
Filtered Low-power Multi-high-gain Observer Design for a Class of Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Mousavi Moein , Guay Martin
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a high-gain observer (HGO) approach is used to design a nonlinear observer for nonlinear systems in canonical observer form. The design uses multiple low-power (LP) observers with low-pass filters that provide a state estimation approach as a weighted sum of the individual observer state variables. As for the typical HGO design, it is shown that the estimation error dynamics of the proposed observer are input-to-state stable (ISS) with regard to measurement noise with a tunable convergence rate. It is also demonstrated that the multiple LP observer yields a smaller bound on the estimation error than the HGO and LP. Finally, the steady-state behaviour of the observer is characterized. For the linear case, the observer improves the sensitivity of the state estimates to measurement noise. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is demonstrated for the identification of a robot arm for which the observer is used as a numerical differentiator.
Construction and metric properties of a new instrument to measure adaptive behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities. Peruvian context.
Authors: Carbajal Alicia Boluarte , Ventura Gina Chavez , Vargas Jorge Cueva
Published: August 2023

Background Adaptive behaviour is an important characteristic of people with intellectual disabilities, and it has been associated with the individual’s requirements to performance adequately in the social context. Indeed, measuring adaptive behaviour indicates what an individual does independently, without help, support, reminders, or prompts. Peru has a particular society and there is not an accessible scale to evaluate the adaptive behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities. We proposed to create and obtain evidence of validity and reliability of a new Adaptive Behaviour Test for people over 15 years old with intellectual disabilities with interest in being part of the economically active population.Methods We used a qualitative approach to construct the test, the Aiken V coefficient to assess content validity, and Krippendorff's alpha for inter-observer reliability. We performed an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to assess the internal structure and consistency to check the homogeneity between the proposed items. We performed convergent validity to analyze the relationship of the test with other variables.Results We obtained a 25-item test with three dimensions: a) activities of daily living; b) instrumental skills and c) communication. Aiken's V coefficient, Krippendorff's alpha, factor analysis and internal consistency allowed us to identify the most important items and confirm the factors. convergent validity with quality of life was demonstrated.Conclusion The developed scale is a useful screening test for the measurement of adaptive behavior and the monitoring of social and labor inclusion programs, the results show that the items and factors contribute to the measurement of the construct.
Clinical effect of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacles combined with low-concentration atropine in fast-progressing myopic children
Authors: Xu Jin , Hao Qian
Published: August 2023

Purpose
To compare the clinical efficacy of DIMS spectacles combined with 0.01% or 0.05% atropine in fast-progressing myopic children with DIMS spectacles alone.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of 93 patients aged 8–12 years who attended the optometry clinic at Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital between January 2021 and February 2023. The subjects were selected based on their use of DIMS spectacles alone in the first year. In the second year, the patients were divided into three groups: continued to use DIMS spectacles alone (S Group), combined DIMS spectaeles with 0.01% atropine (SA1 Group), and combined DIMS spectacles with 0.05% atropine (SA5 Group).
Results
After a 2-year review, it was found that there was no significant difference in the growth of myopia and axial elongation among the three groups in the first year (P = 0.91; P = 0.23). In the second year, there were no significant differences in the growth of myopia and axial elongation between the S group and the SA1 group (P = 0.50; P = 0.35). Similarly, no significant differences were found between the S group and the SA5 group (P = 0.00; P = 0.00). However, significant differences were observed between the SA1 group and the SA5 group (P = 0.00; P = 0.00).
Conclusions
For children with rapid myopia growth using DIMS spectacles alone, the effects of combining 0.01% atropine were not obvious. However, when combined with 0.05% atropine, the effects were noticeable.
Genome-wide Identification, characterization and evolutionary analysis of C2H2-type zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) in Hordeum vulgare under salt stress
Authors: Maghraby Amaal , AlZalaty Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Genome-wide identification of C2H2-type zinc finger proteins were identified 77 C2H2-type zinc finger proteins in H. vulgare. Due to the importance of the understanding stress response mechanisms, the current study were carried out to study the salinity stress response genes, qRT-PCR results were could identify the zinc finger protein 36 (HvZFP36) as salinity-responsive and also keeping in view that the HvZFP36 protein were down regulated with fold change 0.16 under salt stress. Domain analysis confirmed the presence of the Zinc finger C2H2-type domain on 77 Znf_C2H2 protein sequences. Motifs and introns/exons structure analysis indicates, that genes with closer phylogenetic relationships exhibited more similar genetic structures. The most HvZnf_C2H2 proteins were located in the nucleus and 20 putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) were predicted against 14 HvZnf_C2H2 proteins. Transmembrane helical were predicted the in HvZnf_C2H2_43 and HvZnf_C2H2_77 proteins and HvZnf_C2H2_9 protein were have been found to be more phosphorylated with serine, threonine and tyrosine. 3-D prediction of C2H2-type zinc finger proteins models have a C-score range from − 1.27 to − 3.39, which suggesting the structures proteins are constructed with high accuracy. 34 microRNAs were predicted against 30 HvZnf_C2H2 genes. HvZnf_C2H2 genes were physically located on the 7 chromosomes in H. vulgare genome. Ka/Ks ratio were indicated that the HvZnf_C2H2 genes were primarily influenced by purifying selection and we were suggested HvZnf_C2H2_7/HvZnf_C2H2_26 paralogous gene pairs were have a basic role of increase number of HvZnf_C2H2 genes family in H. vulgare. Phylogenetic analysis were classified HvZnf_C2H2 proteins into three clades. Synteny analysis resulting, 10 C2H2-type zinc finger proteins from clade I were have collinearity orthologous relationship in Zea mays, Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana. Clade II were not have collinearity orthologous relationship in A. thaliana. HvZnf_C2H2_20 in clade III were have collinearity orthologous relationship in A. thaliana. The gene ontology enrichment analysis were confirmed the functional role of HvZnf_C2H2 as a stress responsive.
Predicting future soil carbon dynamics under global change scenarios from a temperate deciduous forest
Authors: Qu Ruosong , Chen Shiyi , Wang Kefeng , Liu QiUyu , Yang Bin , Yue Ming , Peng Changhui
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Soil carbon cycling processes in terrestrial ecosystems are significantly influenced by global changes, and soil microorganisms play a crucial role in soil organic carbon (SOC) and its feedbacks to climate change.
Methods
To investigate the potential future changes in soil carbon dynamics under different scenarios in the Ziwuling Forest region, we collected soil data through field observation experiments at a long-term fixed observation sample site. By utilizing a microbial ecological model (MEND), we predicted the future dynamics of soil carbon under different scenarios in the area.
Results
We found that under the RCP2.6 scenario, SOC showed a rapid increase. By 2100, the SOC values in topsoil are projected to be higher than whole soil SOC values for the three RCP scenarios. SOC under the RCP2.6 scenario will be significantly higher than those under the RCP4.5 scenario and RCP8.5 scenario. Furthermore, the positive correlation between total litter carbon (LC) and SOC under the RCP2.6 scenario highlights the potential role of total litter carbon in driving SOC dynamics. We also found that the low greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenario favors the accumulation of SOC in the study area, while the high GHG emission scenario leads to greater soil carbon loss.
Conclusions
Our results underscore the importance of considering the impact of climate change(especially global warming)on soil ecosystems in the future. Protecting the soil ecosystem of the Loess Plateau is critical for maintaining soil carbon sinks, preventing soil erosion, and improving and regulating the surrounding environmental climate.
Bevacizumab increases the sensitivity of olaparib to homologous recombination-proficient ovarian cancer by suppressing CRY1 via PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Iida Yasushi , Yanaihara Nozomu , Yoshino Yuki , Saito Misato , Saito Ryosuke , Tabata Junya , Kawabata Ayako , Takenaka Masataka , Chiba Natsuko , Okamoto Aikou
Published: August 2023

PARP inhibitors have changed the management of advanced high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), especially homologous recombinant (HR)-deficient advanced high-grade EOC. However, the effect of PARP inhibitors on HR-proficient EOC is limited. Thus, new therapeutic strategy for HR-proficient EOC is desired. In recent clinical study, the combination of PARP inhibitors with anti-angiogenic agents improved therapeutic efficacy, even in HR-proficient cases. These data suggested that anti-angiogenic agents might potentiate EOC cells to PARP inhibitors. Here, we demonstrated that anti-angiogenic agents, bevacizumab and cediranib, increased the sensitivity of olaparib in HR-proficient EOC cells by suppressing HR activity. RNA sequencing showed that bevacizumab decreased the expression of CRY1 under DNA damage stress. We found that the anti-angiogenic agents suppressed the increase of CRY1 expression by inhibiting VEGF/CFGFR/PI3K pathway. The suppression of CRY1 expression resulted in decrease of HR activity. In addition, CRY1 inhibition also sensitized EOC cells to olaparib. These data suggested that anti-angiogenic agents and CRY1 inhibitors will be the promising candidate in the combination therapy with PARP inhibitors in HR-proficient EOC.
Artificial intelligence-driven shimming for parallel high field nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Becker Moritz , Cheng Yen-Tse , Voigt Achim , Chenakkara Ajmal , He Mengjia , Lehmkuhl Soeren , Jouda Mazin , Korvink Jan
Published: August 2023

Rapid drug development requires a high throughput screening technology. NMR could benefit from parallel detection but is
hampered by technical obstacles. Detection sites must be magnetically shimmed to ppb uniformity, which for parallel detection is precluded by commercial shimming technology. Here we show that, by centering a separate shim system over each detector and employing deep learning to cope with overlapping non-orthogonal shimming fields, parallel detectors can be rapidly calibrated. Our implementation also reports the smallest NMR stripline detectors to date, based on an origami technique,
facilitating further upscaling in the number of detection sites within the magnet bore.
Codified Barriers to Mental Health Care, an Example from New York State
Authors: Richardson Sandra
Published: August 2023

This analysis illustrates the impact of codified barriers to mental health care such as the New York Secure Ammunition and Firearms Enforcement Act (NY SAFE Act). New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS) data, United States Census data, and existing literature were utilized to quantify the barrier to mental health care created by NY SAFE Act reporting and effectiveness in identifying the target population. For each DCJS database search related to such reports, about 12 adults who received mental health services in the past year are less likely to seek mental health care; and about 16 adult gun owners are less likely to seek mental health care because of this law. This reporting captures approximately 2.7% of individuals who are suicidal or homicidal. These results indicate that NY’s SAFE Act reporting has created a large barrier to mental health care and is ineffective in capturing its target population.
Association between chronic neck pain and sleep duration in US adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Yanlin , Tang Shaoqun
Published: August 2023

The relationship between sleep duration and chronic neck pain is poorly understood. Therefore, we explore this association by compiling data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) ranging from 2009 to 2010, including 3036 adults (age ≥ 20 years). We selected sex, gender, education level, race, marital status, alcohol status, smoking status, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, PIR(poverty-income ratio), and BMI༈Body mass index༉ as covariates. WTMEC2YR as weights for multivariate logistic regression models analysis. In the total population, the second, third, and fourth quartiles had an OR of 0.56 (95%CI: 0.38, 0.84); 0.40 (95%CI: 0.24,0.66); 0.77(95%CI: 0.32,1.83) compared with the lowest reference group of sleep duration for chronic neck pain (Ptrend=0.03). When sleep duration is less than 7.45 hours, sleep duration has a negative relationship with the incidence of chronic neck pain (P < 0.05). And the optimal sleep hours show the difference among the gender; the optimal sleep time in the female group is 6.27 hours (P < 0.001), and in the male group is 7.75 hours (P < 0.001).
Assessing wind energy potential and economics for three offshore locations on the Persian Gulf in Iran
Authors: Yousefpour Khalegh
Published: August 2023

Wind energy has been increasingly used in recent years, and is potentially competitive with conventional fuels in many locations. The spatial dependence is significant and related to the speed and energy of the winds. In this paper, energy and economic feasibility assessments of offshore winds are carried out, by considering the use of wind turbines in Abu Musa, Qeshm and Kish islands, located in the south of Iran. The analyses utilize the Weibull density function and recorded data for a four-year period (2019–2022), taken at three-hour intervals and at heights of 10 and 50m. The hourly, daily, monthly and annual variations of wind speed are analyzed, and the economic feasibility is determined of installing wind turbine sat the sites. Annual values for the Weibull shape parameters for Abu Musa, Qeshm and Kish islands are found to be in the range of 2.39–2.10, 2.28–2.54 and 2.04–2.10, respectively. The maximum wind power densities for Abu Musa, Qeshm and Kish islands occur in January, April and March, respectively. The results show that the wind potential and the generated electricity with two wind turbines models are suitable for the studied sites, and that the cost of generating electricity is lower than the price offered by the Iranian government to private power plants.
Combined Associations of Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors in Age of Parkinson’s Disease Onset
Authors: Li Jinchen , Huang Yuanfeng , Chen Qian , Wang Zheng , Wang Yijing , Lian Aojie , Zhou Qiao , Zhao Guihu , Xia Kun , Tang Beisha , Li Bin
Published: August 2023

Substantial evidence has shown that the age at onset (AAO) of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a major determinant of clinical heterogeneity. However, the mechanisms underlying heterogeneity in the AAO remain largely unknown. To investigate the independent association of genetic and environmental risk factors with the AAO of PD and their combined effects at a genome-wide level. A total of 3,156 patients with PD from the UK Biobank were included in this study. We evaluated the environmental risk factors associated with AAO using the Mann–Whitney U test and a generalized linear model. We further investigated the effects of genetic factors using linear regression analysis and their interactions with environmental risk factors using genome-wide by environment interaction studies. In addition to identifying previously reported environmental risk factors (smoking, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug intake, and family history of PD) associated with AAO, we found novel significant associations of physical activity (p < 0.0001) and excessive daytime sleepiness (p < 0.0001) with the AAO of PD. Individuals with a higher genetic risk had younger AAO (p = 3.91e-05). Additionally, we observed a nominally significant interaction between the polygenic risk scores and smoking for AAO (p = 0.0316). Specifically, several gene including ANGPT1 (p = 7.17e-07) and PLEKHA6 (p = 4.87e-06), suggestively significantly interacted with smoking to influence the AAO. Our data suggests that both genetic and environmental risk factors are associated with the AAO of PD and that there is a potential interaction between the two.
Comparative Analysis of IOL Power Calculations in Postoperative Refractive Surgery Patients: A Focus on FS-LASIK and SMILE
Authors: Li Liangpin , Yuan Liyun , Yang Kun , Wu Yanan , Hua Xia , Wang Yan , Yuan Xiaoyong
Published: August 2023

Background
As the two most prevalent refractive surgeries in China, there is a substantial number of patients who have undergone Femtosecond Laser-assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) procedures. However, there is still limited knowledge regarding the selection of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas for these patients with a history of FS-LASIK or SMILE.
Methods
A total of 100 eyes from 50 postoperative refractive surgery patients were included in the study, with 25 individuals (50 eyes) having undergone FS-LASIK and 25 individuals (50 eyes) having undergone SMILE. By using a theoretical surgical model, we conducted extensive preoperative and postoperative measurements, including demographic data, corneal biometric parameters, and axial length. Various formulas, including the Barrett Universal II (BUII) formula, as a baseline, were employed to calculate IOL power for the patients.
Results
The Barrett True K (BTK) formula, demonstrated an mean absolute error (AE) within 0.5 D for both FS-LASIK and SMILE groups (0.28 ± 0.25 D and 0.36 ± 0.24 D, respectively). Notably, the FS-LASIK group showed 82% of results differing by less than 0.25 D compared to preoperative BUII results. The Barrett True K No History (BTKNH) formula, which also incorporates measured posterior corneal curvature, performed similarly to BTK in both groups. Additionally, the Masket formula, relying on refractive changes based on empirical experience, displayed promising potential for IOL calculations in SMILE patients compared with BTK (p = 0.411).
Conclusion
The study reveals the accuracy and stability of the BTK and BTKNH formulas for IOL power calculations in myopic FS-LASIK/SMILE patients. Moreover, the Masket formula shows encouraging results in SMILE patients. These findings contribute to enhancing the predictability and success of IOL power calculations in patients with a history of refractive surgery, providing valuable insights for clinical practice. Further research and larger sample sizes are warranted to validate and optimize the identified formulas for better patient outcomes.
Systemic lupus erythematosus promotes HCC by promoting cell cycle C2/M transition
Authors: Zhang Xusheng , Zhou Hongcai , Wei Peng , Ma Weihu , Liu Kejun , Chen Bendong
Published: August 2023

Objective
To investigate whether there is an association between immune abnormalities and hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to explore the possible mechanisms of the association.
Methods
Based on the mRNA-Seq data of SLE and hepatocellular carcinoma in the public database, we screened the differentially expressed genes using GEO2R, R "Limm" package, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), respectively, and used random forest tree algorithm to screen out the common genes in both diseases. A random forest(RF) tree algorithm was used to screen out the common genes in the two diseases, to investigate the biological functions of the genes in hepatocellular carcinoma, to construct a nomogram risk prediction model for hepatocellular carcinoma, and to evaluate the predictive efficiency of the model. The immune profile in hepatocellular carcinoma was evaluated based on CIBERSORT and ssGSEA algorithms, and the association of signature genes with the level of tumor immune cell infiltration and the correlation of immune checkpoints in hepatocellular carcinoma were also explored.
Results
The expression levels of 2 SLE signature genes, CCNB2 and TOP2A, were significantly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, and showed good diagnostic efficacy and clinical prognostic efficacy for hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting that they may be potential biological targets for hepatocellular carcinoma, and the hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction model based on the expression levels of CCNB2 and TOP2A showed good risk prediction for hepatocellular carcinoma and has good potential for clinical application. In addition, it was found that the up-regulation of CCNB2 expression may accelerate the G2/M transition of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell cycle, inhibit the apoptotic process, and promote the rate of tumor cell appreciation through the mediation of the p53 signaling pathway, thus contributing to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Conclusion
The SLE signature genes CCNB2 and TOP2A are potential predictive targets for new-onset hepatocellular carcinoma in SLE patients, and the upregulation of CCNB2 expression may promote hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression through the mediation of the p53 signaling pathway.
Combining temperature-dependent life table data into Insect Life Cycle Model to forecast fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) distribution in maize agro- ecological zones in Africa
Authors: Adan Marian , Tonnang Henri E.Z. , Kassa Cojdo E.F. , Greve Klaus , Borgemeister Christian , Goergen Georg
Published: August 2023

The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an agricultural pest that recently invaded Africa. FAW has spread and established in many countries across the continent, causing huge yield losses. This study aimed to determine the relationship between temperature and the life history traits of FAW and to provide the suitable temperatures for development using life cycle modeling. Non-linear models were fitted to life table data collected at five constant temperatures of 20, 25, 28, 30, and 32 °C. The development time ranged between 0–3 days, 10–18 days, and 7–16 days for eggs, larvae, and pupae, respectively. While the optimum temperature for FAW immature stages' survival and female fecundity was predicted at a temperature range of 21–25 °C, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and gross reproductive rate (GRR) were significantly higher at temperatures between 25–28 °C. The model validation outcome showed similarities between observed and simulated values for development time, mortality rate, and life table parameters, attesting to the high performance of the phenology model produced. The study also explores the establishment risk index, activity index, and generation index as indicators of infestation and transmission potential of the current, 2050, 2070 climate scenarios to predict the effect of climate warming on the distribution and population dynamics of FAW. The study predicts a decrease in FAW occurrence in West Africa by 2050–2070. The results obtained could be utilized to develop management plans for FAW control that work in the different agro-ecological zones in Africa.
Improving Physical Movement During Stroke Rehabilitation: Investigating Associations Between Sleep Measured by Wearable Actigraphy Technology, Fatigue, and Key Biomarkers
Authors: Smith Madeleine J. , Pellegrini Michael , Major Brendan , Graco Marnie , Porter Stephanie , Kramer Sharon , Sewell Katherine , Salberg Sabrina , Chen Zhibin , Mychasiuk Richelle , Lannin Natasha A.
Published: August 2023

Background
Sleep disturbances and fatigue are common in individuals undergoing inpatient rehabilitation following stroke. Understanding the relationships between sleep, fatigue, motor performance, and key biomarkers of inflammation and neuroplasticity could provide valuable insight into stroke recovery, possibly leading to personalized rehabilitation strategies. This study aimed to investigate the influence of sleep quality on stroke recovery by utilizing wearable technology to obtain objective sleep measurements. Additionally, we explored the relationships between sleep, fatigue, and motor performance. Lastly, the study aimed to determine if salivary biomarkers of stress, inflammation, and neuroplasticity were associated with fatigue or motor function post-stroke.
Methods
Eighteen individuals who experienced a stroke and were undergoing inpatient rehabilitation participated in a cross-sectional observational study. Following consent, participants completed questionnaires to assess sleep patterns, fatigue, and quality of life. Objective sleep was measured throughout one night using the wearable Philips Actiwatch. Upper limb motor performance was assessed on the following day and saliva was collected for biomarker analysis. Correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationships between variables.
Results
Participants reported poor sleep quality, frequent awakenings, and difficulties falling asleep following stroke. We identified a significant negative relationship between fatigue severity and both sleep quality (r=-0.539, p = 0.021) and participants experience of awakening from sleep (r=-0.656, p = 0.003). A significant positive relationship was found between grip strength on the non-hemiplegic limb and salivary gene expression of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (r = 0.606, p = 0.028), as well as a significant negative relationship between grip strength on the hemiplegic side and salivary gene expression of C-reactive Protein (r=-0.556, p = 0.048). Additionally, there was a positive relationship between gene expression of Interleukin-1beta and stroke severity (r = 0.78, p = 0.003) as well as between days since stroke and gene expression of C-reactive Protein (r = 0.615, p = 0.025).
Conclusion
The findings of this study emphasize the importance of considering sleep quality, fatigue, and biomarkers in stroke rehabilitation to optimize recovery and that interventions may need to be tailored to the individual. Future longitudinal studies are required to explore these relationships over time. Integrating wearable technology for sleep monitoring and biomarker analysis can enhance monitoring and prediction of outcomes following stroke, ultimately improving rehabilitation strategies and patient outcomes.
Research on Gear Profile Deviation Detection Method Based on Linear structured light
Authors: Jiang Xin , Zhang Xianglei , Lu Wangda , Zhou Hongming
Published: August 2023

Gear requires a reliable, holistic, and rapid inspection method to ensure manufacturing accuracy. Linear structured light provides a fast and effective solution to meet the rapid testing requirements of gear manufacturers. But its accuracy still needs to be improved. This method can obtain 33000 3D data points of a single gear tooth surface in less than 0.3 seconds. And based on this, evaluate the tooth profile error of the gear. The results indicate that the measurement deviation amount to 1.47µm in measuring gears of level 7 accuracy compared to the gear measurement center. The error mainly comes from the equipment error and the down-sampling process using centroid method. In the measurement process, the larger the deviation between the contact position of the gear and the light and the focus position of the linear structured light, the greater the error. The larger the neighborhood search radius during the calculation process, the larger the error.
EKV Model Base Analog/RF CMOS DesignPre-SPICE Tool
Authors: Khademevatan Gholamreza , Jalali Ali
Published: August 2023

A novel simplified EKV model base analog/RF CMOS design pre-SPICE tool is presented in this paper. Addition to facilitating the sizing process, this CAD tool can also optimize circuit characteristics. By having a web address, users can access it without installing any software. Usinga graphical and a numerical view, the designer can select degrees of freedom and observe the MOS circuit performance. Through the use of charts versus IC, the graphical view can show tradeoffs in circuit performance in real time. Charts can be displayed simultaneously in both linear and logarithmic scales. ICcrit, is also available and can be displayed on the charts. This tool is not limited to one process and it is possible to select different processes. A methodology for selecting optimum ICsis presented by this tool. It is illustrated through the study of linearity indices, AIP3 and IIP3, in one-stage and two-stage differential amplifiers.
Investigating the Potential of PerovskiteNanocrystal-Doped Liquid Scintillator: A FeasibilityStudy
Authors: Kim Na-Ri , Joo Kyung-Kwang , Lee Hyun-Gi
Published: August 2023

Liquid scintillators are extensively employed as targets in neutrino experiments and in medical radiography. Perovskitenanocrystals are recognized for their tunable emission spectra and high photoluminescence quantum yields. In this study, weinvestigated the feasibility of using perovskites as an alternative to fluor, a substance that shifts the wavelengths. The liquidscintillator candidates were synthesized by doping 450, 480 and 510-nm perovskite nanocrystals into fluor PPO with varyingnanocrystal concentrations in a toluene solvent. The several properties of the perovskite nanocrystal-doped liquid scintillatorwere measured and compared with those of a secondary wavelength shifter, bis-MSB. The emission spectra of the perovskitenanocrystal-doped liquid scintillator exhibited a distinct monochromatic wavelength, indicating energy transfer from PPO to theperovskite nanocrystals. The light yield, pulse shape, and wavelength shift of the scintillation events were measured basedon the Compton scattering of a 60Co radioactive source, triggered by a coincidence of photomultiplier tube (PMT). The lightyields were evaluated from observed Compton edges from the g - ray source. A decrease (or increase) in area-normalized PMTpulse height was observed at higher perovskite nanocrystal (or PPO) concentrations. The results demonstrated the sufficientpotential of perovskite nanocrystals as an alternative to traditional wavelength shifters in liquid scintillator.