bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
the TASTE mission: In situ DEIMOS terrain analyzer with smalls and miniturized lander
Authors: Lavagna Michelle , Brucato John , Prinetto Jacopo , Capannolo Andrea , Bechini Michele , Zanotti Giovanni , Fiore Fabrizio , Meneghin Andrea , Fornaro Teresa , Paglialunga Daniele , Piazzolla Raffaele
Published: July 2021

Deimos and Phobos are considered primary targets of investigation to understand the origin and evolution of Mars and more in general the terrestrial planets of the Solar System. TASTE mission aims complementing MMX investigation by focusing on Deimos surface, combining both global remote sensing observations from a close orbit and direct in-situ analyses of the surface thanks to a lander release on Deimos. With a synergy between orbital and in-situ investigations, the proposed mission will contribute to the Deimos global morphology understanding; its global elemental abundance; landing site morphology and texture; landing site organic content and surface composition. TASTE is conceived as a Cubesat-in-Cubesat mission: a 12U space asset composed by a 9U orbiter and a 3U lander. The former embarks an X-gamma ray spectrometer developed by OAT and a multispectral camera, the second is equipped with a  miniaturized Surface Sample Analyser (SSA), composed by a new Sample Acquisition Mechanism (SAM), conceived by PoliMi and a Surface Analytical Laboratory (SAL)  developed by INAF OAA. The mission is conceived to keep the orbiter on a QSO nearby Deimos to facilitate the lander release and the scientific operations in synergy with the lander itself. Details on science, space assets sizing and design and mission science operations will be discussed in deep. 
Studies of the atmosphere of ultra-hot Jupiter TOI-1431b/MASCARA-5b
Authors: Stangret Monika , Palle Enric , Casasayas-Barris Núria , Oshagh Mahmoud
Published: July 2021

Ultra-hot Jupiters are defined as giant planets with equilibrium temperatures larger than 2000 K. Most of them are found orbiting bright A-F stars, making them extremely suitable object to study their atmospheres using high-resolution spectroscopy.TOI-1431b, also known as MASCARA-5b, a newly discovered planet with the temperature of 2375 K is a prefect example of ultra-hot Jupiter. We studied this object using three transit observations obtained with high-resolution spectrographs HARPS-N and EXPRES. Analysis of Rossiter-McLaughlin effect shows that the planet is in the polar orbit, which speaks about an interesting dynamical history, and perhaps indicating the presence of more than one planet in the early history of this system. Applying the cross-correlation and transmission spectroscopy method, we find no evidence of atoms and molecules in this planet. There results are at odds with the other studies of similar UHJs orbiting bright stars, where various species have been found.
Water production from lunar regolith through carbothermal reduction modelling through ground experiments
Authors: Lavagna Michelle , Prinetto Jacopo , Colagrossi Andrea , Troisi Ivan , dottori Alice , lunghi Paolo
Published: July 2021

Space exploration is going to play a relevant role within the just started decade, with the Moon at its centre. Many activities are on going to enhance science of\on and from the Moon and to develop the fundamental technology to accomplish the challenging objectives the foreseen missions to our satellite need. Among those the capability to detect, extract and manipulate the in situ resources is central for humans back on the surface and more. Politecnico di Milano, thanks to the activities started under the cap of an ESA study, developed in consortium with OHB-I and OHB-S, implemented a laboratory plant and run experiments to assess and tune the carbothermal reduction process on NU-LHT 2M in extracting oxygen from feedstock oxides. The experiments were successful and water has been produced, as expected. To accurately understand the process and address the technology for a flight test the numerical modelling of the whole process steps has been settled and a comprehensive characterisation of the feedstock simulant was performed as well. Results are presented and critically discussed.The paper will go through the simulant characterisation approach and results, the process description and modelling, the lab plant description and the experimental test campaign results, obtained with the implemented plant.
Opportunities for interstellar dust detection by the Interstellar Probe
Authors: Hunziker Silvan , Sterken Veerle , Strub Peter , Krüger Harald , Li Aigen
Published: July 2021

Interstellar Probe is an ambitious mission concept, to reach interstellar space (up to 1000 AU). Its launch date is between 2030 and 2042 and its goals cover different fields of science from planetary science, heliophysics (heliosphere), to astronomy. One main goal is to significantly expand our knowledge about our heliosphere, the interstellar medium, and how both interact with each other. Among many other instruments, the space probe is planned to carry a dust mass spectrometer that will be able to capture dust particles and measure their composition. This will be especially useful for measuring the interstellar dust of the local interstellar medium that continuously streams through the solar system and has been directly detected for the first time with the Ulysses spacecraft in the 1990s. The mass distributions from such in situ dust detections in the solar system so far have shown a significant discrepancy compared to the results from astronomical observations. We performed a series of simulations of the interstellar dust trajectories and distribution inside the solar system and use them to predict the ability of the Interstellar Probe to measure interstellar dust particles and how this ability is affected by different spacecraft trajectories and dust detector setups. We also discuss how the filtering of small dust particles at the boundary regions of the heliosphere affects our predictions and indicate how in situ dust measurements can be used to constrain the filtering process. In general, most of the dust particles can be measured if the spacecraft moves towards the nose of the heliosphere. However, we also find a significant correlation between the presence of small dust particles (0.1 micron and many more of the smaller particles, depending on the state of the solar magnetic field and the dust filtering at the boundary of the heliosphere. Outside the heliosphere, the absence of dust filtering should increase the detection rate of small particles (
Experiential teaching of planetary sciences from kindergartens to secondary schools: the "Astronomiadi" educational project
Authors: Gardiol Daniele , Benna Carlo , Vignale Valentina , Radicati di Primeglio Fabrizio
Published: July 2021

The Piedmontese town of Pino Torinese is one of the twelve italian locations hosting a local department of the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, the Astronomical Observatory of Turin. This peculiarity led to the development of a close collaboration between researchers, teachers and local community and administration, aiming at the promotion of astronomy, and in particular planetary sciences, among students from kindergartens to secondary schools. The chosen driving approach, experiential learning, is not very common in Italy. 
Comet fragmentation as a source of the zodiacal cloud
Authors: Rigley Jessica , Wyatt Mark
Published: July 2021

Models of the thermal emission of the zodiacal cloud and sporadic meteoroids suggest that the dominant source of interplanetary dust is Jupiter-family comets (JFCs). However, comet sublimation is insufficient to sustain the quantity of dust presently in the inner solar system. It has therefore been suggested that spontaneous disruptions of JFCs may supply the zodiacal cloud.We present a model for the dust produced in comet fragmentations and its evolution, comparing with the present day zodiacal cloud. Using results from dynamical simulations we follow individual JFCs as they evolve and undergo recurrent splitting events. The dust produced by these events is followed with a kinetic model which takes into account the effects of collisional evolution, Poynting-Robertson drag, and radiation pressure. This allows us to model both the size distribution and radial profile of dust resulting from comet fragmentation. Our model suggests that JFC fragmentations can produce enough dust to sustain the zodiacal cloud. We also discuss the feasibility of comet fragmentation producing the spatial and size distribution of dust seen in the zodiacal cloud.By modelling individual comets we are also able to explore the variability of cometary input to the zodiacal cloud. Comets are drawn from a size distribution based on the Kuiper belt and fragment randomly. We show that large comets should be scattered into the inner solar system stochastically, leading to large variations in the historical brightness of the zodiacal light.
TauREx 2D: Modelling 2D effects in retrievals
Authors: Zingales Tiziano , Falco Aurélien , Pluriel William , Leconte Jéremy
Published: July 2021

New-generation spectrographs dedicated to the study of exoplanetary atmospheres, require a higher precision in the atmosphericmodels to better interpret the new spectra. Thanks to future space missions like JWST, ARIEL and Twinkle, indeed, the observedspectra will be precise enough to reveal features which cannot be modeled with a one-dimensional plane parallel atmosphere,especially in the case of Ultra Hot Jupiters. Bayesian frameworks are computationally intensive and prevent us from using completethree-dimensional self-consistent models to retrieve an exoplanetary atmosphere, and, they constrain us to use simplified models toconverge to a set of atmospheric parameters. We propose the TauREx2D retrieval code, which uses two-dimensional atmosphericmodels as a good compromise between computational power and model precision to better infer exoplanetary atmospheres. Finally,we apply such a model on synthetic spectrum computed from a GCM simulation of WASP121b and show the parameters retrieved bythe new TauREx 2D retrieval code.
HOPS: a user-friendly data analysis software to open exoplanet reasearch
Authors: Tsiaras Angelos
Published: July 2021

Exoplanets observations with small and medium scale telescopes are becoming more and more popular among amateur astronomers, students and early career scientists as they do not require extremely sophisticated instrumentation. However, and important barrier between observing and producing scientifically valid results is the data analysis and modelling. To assist observers towards this aspect and make it possible for more people to contribute to scientific research I developed HOPS (HOlomon Photometric Software), a python-based package which includes a user interface and it is compatible with Linux, OS X and Windows. It is open-source (github.com/ExoWorldsSpies/hops) and it is designed to analyse data from small and medium class telescopes. HOPS is a user-friendly package where graphic representations, statistics and models are brought together into a single package. With these characteristics, HOPS can be used by amateur astronomers individually or as part of citizen science projects or as an educational for university or school students. In this presentation I will describe the newest version of the code (v3.0) and an educational version designed for high school students.
Ariel - The ESA M4 Space Mission to Focus on the Nature Of Exoplanets
Authors: Lueftinger Theresa , Tinetti Giovanna , Ecclestone Paul , Salvignol Jean-Christophe , Fahmy Salma , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Micela Guisi , Pallé Enric , Panic Olja , Pascale Enzo , Vandenbussche Bart , Venot Olivia
Published: July 2021

Ariel, the atmospheric remote-sensing infrared exoplanet large-survey, is the recently adopted M4 mission within the Cosmic Vision science programme of ESA. The goal of Ariel is to investigate the atmospheres of planets orbiting distant stars in order to address the fundamental questions on how planetary systems form and evolve and to investigate in unprecedented detail the composition of a large number of exoplanetary atmospheres. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will observe hundreds of exoplanets ranging from Jupiter- and Neptune-size down to super-Earth size, in a wide variety of environments, in the visible and the infrared. The main focus of the mission will be on warm and hot planets in orbits close to their star. Some of the planets may be in the habitable zones of their stars, however. The analysis of Ariel spectra and photometric data will allow to extract the chemical fingerprints of gases and condensates in the planets’ atmospheres, including the elemental composition for the most favourable targets. The Ariel mission has been developed by a consortium of more than 60 institutes from 15 ESA member state countries, including UK, France, Italy, Poland, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Hungary, Sweden, Czech Republic, Germany, Portugal, with an additional contribution from NASA. In this talk, we will review the science goals of the mission and give insight into the current status, both from the ESA and the Ariel Mission Consortium point of view.  
Numerical modeling of the thermal state of Earth after the Moon-forming impact event
Authors: Allibert Laetitia , Güldemeister Nicole , Manske Lukas , Nakajima Miki , Wünnemann Kai
Published: July 2021

Planetary collisions play an important role in the compositional and thermal evolution of planetary systems and such collisions are caracteristics of the final stage of planetary formation. The Moon-forming impact event is thought to (re)set the conditions for the subsequent thermochemical evolution of Earth and Moon. Large parts of proto-Earth are thought to melt as a consequence of the impact [e.g.1] and the extent of melting affects the evolution of the Earth’s interior and atmosphere. It is then critical to address the initial conditions of the proto-Earth and the volume and shape of a possible magma ocean after the impact. Previously, the Moon-forming giant impact was modeled with mesh-free so-called smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH [1, 2, 3]). In this study, we, in contrast, carried out numerical simulations of the Moon-forming impact event considering different impact scenarios with the three-dimensional (3D) iSALE code [4, 5], that tends to be more accurate in the description of thermodynamics and shock waves than SPH simulations. We also compare simulation results from our iSALE code with SPH models for benchmarking ([1]) because SPH uses self-gravity, whereas iSALE uses central gravity. We vary the impact angle (15° to 90°) and impact velocities (12 to 20 km/s). In order to quantify the volume of impact-induced melt, we use the so-called peak-shock pressure approach (‘Tracer method’) that has been used in several modeling studies [6,7] and is described in more detail by [8].The benchmark study shows a good agreement of the two different numerical approaches with respect to pressure evolution. However the production of a magma ocean show some differences that need to be further explored, with notably the effects of considering central gravity instead of self-gravity into iSALE 3D simulations. Acknowledgments: We gratefully thank the iSALE developers, including Gareth Collins, Kai Wünnemann, Dirk Elbeshausen, Boris Ivanov and Jay Melosh and Thomas Davison for the development of the pysaleplot tool. We also thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB-TRR 170, subproject C2 and C4) for funding. References:[1] Nakajima M. and Stevenson D. J. (2015) EPSL, 427, 286-295. [2] Canup R. M. et al. (2013) ICARUS 222, 200-219. [3] Canup R, M. (2004) Science 338, 1052-1054. [4] Collins G. S. et al. (2004) Meteoritics & Planet. Sci., 39, 217-231. [5] Wünnemann K. (2006) ICARUS 180, 514-527. [6] Wünnemann K. et al. (2008) EPSL 269, 529-538. [7] Pierazzo et al. (1997) ICARUS 127, 408-423. [8] Manske L. et al. (2018) 49th LPSC, abstract# 2269.[11] Pierazzo and Melosh (1999) EPSL 165, 163-17
Accuracy of the Phoenix and Viking atmospheric pressure measurements: impact on detecting the climate change on Mars
Authors: Kahanpää Henrik , Polkko Jouni , Daly Michael
Published: July 2021

Attempts have been made to detect secular changes in the Martian climate by comparing surface atmospheric pressure measurements separated by several decades [1][2]. Such multi-mission studies require information on the exact accuracies of the corresponding pressure measurements. In this presentation, we discuss results of our recently published study on the quality of the pressure data measured by the Mars Phoenix lander [3]. In addition, we evaluate the absolute accuracy of the Viking pressure data by using (less well known) sources in the literature [4][5].Our results show that at the beginning of the Phoenix mission the offset of the pressure measurement was between -4.8 Pa and +0.1 Pa. The drift of the sensor during the mission was between -0.5 Pa and +3.4 Pa. Thus, the Phoenix pressure measurement was much more accurate than was reported immediately after the mission [6]. However, the systematic error of the Viking pressure data could be up to 8.8 Pa.Haberle and Kahre (2010) found the Phoenix surface pressures to be ~10 Pa higher than the Viking surface pressures after correcting for elevation differences and dynamics [1]. Although our results show the Phoenix measurement to be more accurate than assumed by Haberle and Kahre (2010), the difference they found could still be explained by the uncertainty of the Viking pressure data. On the other hand, our results show that the Phoenix pressure data can be used as an accurate comparison point for future surface pressure measurements on Mars.References:[1] Haberle and Kahre, "Detecting secular climate change on Mars ", Mars, 5, 68–75, 2010.[2] Batterson et al., "Secular Climate Change on Mars: An Update", AGU Fall Meeting, 2017.[3] Kahanpää et al., "The quality of the Mars Phoenix pressure data", Planet. Space Sci., 181, 104814, 2020.[4] Seiff, "The Viking atmosphere structure experiment - Techniques, instruments, and expected accuracies", Space Sci. Instrum., 2, 381–423, 1976.[5] Mitchell, "Evaluation of Viking Lander barometric pressure sensor", NASA Technical Memorandum, NASA-TM-X-74020, 1977.[6] Taylor et al., "On pressure measurement and seasonal pressure variations during the Phoenix mission", J. Geophys. Res., 115, E00E15, 2010.Acknowledgments:The contribution of H. Kahanpää in this study was supported by The Finnish Cultural Foundation [grant number 00170395]. The contribution of M. Daly was supported by the Canadian Space Agency. We wish to thank Germán Martínez (USRA/LPI) for providing a copy of reference article [4].
Ulysses spacecraft data revisited: Detection of cometary meteoroid streams by following in situ dust impacts
Authors: Krüger Harald , Strub Peter , Grün Eberhard
Published: July 2021

Cometary meteoroid streams (also referred to as trails) exist along the orbits of comets, forming fine structures of the interplanetary dust cloud. The streams consist predominantly of the largest cometary particles (with sizes of approximately (100 micrometer to 1 cm) which are ejected at low speeds and remain very close to the comet orbit for several revolutions around the Sun. The Interplanetary Meteoroid Environment for eXploration (IMEX) dust streams in space model (Soja et al., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2015) is a universal model that simulates recently created cometary dust streams in the inner solar system, developed under ESA contract. IMEX is a physical model for dust dynamics and follows the orbital evolution of the streams of 420 comets. Particles are emitted when the comet is in the inner solar system, taking into account comet apparitions between the years 1700 and 2080. The dust ejection is described by an emission model, dust production rate and mass distribution covering the mass range from 10^-8 kg to 10^-2 kg (approximately corresponding to 100 micrometer to 1 cm particles). The dust production is calculated from the comet's absolute magnitude, the observed water production rate and dust-to-gas ratio. For each emitted particle, the trajectory is integrated individually including solar gravity, planetary perturbations as well as solar radiation pressure and Poynting-Robertson drag. The model calculates dust number density, flux and  velocity.We apply the IMEX model to study comet stream traverses by the Ulysses spacecraft. Ulysses was launched in 1990 and, after a Jupiter swing-by in 1992, became the first interplanetary spacecraft orbiting the Sun on a highly inclined  trajectory with an inclination of 80 degrees. The spacecraft was equipped with an impact ionization dust detector which provided the longest  data set of continuous in situ dust measurements in interplanetary space existing to date, covering 17 years  from 1990 to 2007. In addition to the interplanetary dust complex, several dust populations were investigated with the Ulysses dust instrument in the past: interstellar dust sweeping through our solar system, streams of approximately 10 nanometer-sized dust particles emanating from Jupiter's volcanically active moon Io, as well as sub-micrometer-sized particles driven away from the Sun by solar radiation pressure (so-called beta particles). Here we study the detection conditions for cometary meteoroid streams with the dust detector on board the Ulysses spacecraft and present first results from our attempt to identify cometary stream particles in the measured dust data set. Acknowledgements: The IMEX Dust Streams in Space model was developed under ESA funding (contract 4000106316/12/NL/AF - IMEX).
Initial results from the Optical High-Resolution camera (OHRC) onboard Chandrayaan-2
Authors: Tripathi Prateek , Garg Rahul Dev
Published: July 2021

Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter carries eight experiments for studies, including morphology, surface geology, composition, and exospheric measurements based upon the understanding and information from the previous lunar orbital missions. Orbiter high-resolution camera (OHRC), one of the payloads, has a very high spatial resolution of 0.25 m. It operates in a visible panchromatic (PAN) band with a swath of 3 km from an altitude of 100 km. OHRC will search for hazard-free zones and map the landing site for future human missions. This work presents the initial impressions from the first data release of the OHRC on-board Chandrayaan-2. Here the OHRC image is analyzed for large-scale features like boulders, ridges, and craters on the lunar surface. Classification and visual analysis have been carried out to check the shape (morphology) and location of many impact craters. As seen from OHRC images, the lunar surface near to Hagecius lunar impact crater is dominated by the repetitive and frequent bombardment of small meteorites varying from millimeters to centimeters. The extent of degradation and erosion of a few large craters due to space weathering or the continuous meteorite bombardment is clearly observed. The results provide more clarification towards the ongoing physical processes on the moon. OHRC image provides a much detailed understanding of lunar topography and morphology. 
Interactive virtual fieldtrip as a tool for remote education
Authors: Evelpidou Niki , Karkani Anna , Komi Apostolia , Giannikopoulou Aikaterini , Tzouxanioti Maria , Saitis Giannis , Spyrou Evangelos , Gatou Maria-Anna
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Geoscience courses, such as geology and geomorphology, require not only classroom lessons and laboratory exercises, but field trips as well. However, the COVID-19 restrictions did not allow the prosecution of most planned field trips, and an alternative needed to be developed. The use of virtual field trips is one such alternative. Through them, one can not only visit any area of interest, but prepare themselves for any actual educational or exploratory field trip as well. Even though they do not, and should not, substitute any physical visit of a site of interest, they have many advantages when combined with a "live" field work, in comparison to a field trip for which no preparation has been made. Through this research, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of both virtual and real educational field trips based on the opinions of our students. We thus performed a virtual navigation on the island of Naxos, Cyclades (Aegean Sea, Greece) for a series of virtual field trips, which took place during webinars in the framework of Erasmus+ CIVIS. The virtual fieldtrip was also presented to the third-year students of the Faculty of Geology & Geo-environment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, in the framework of the obligatory course of Geomorphology. Upon completion, all participating students were asked to fill in a questionnaire in order to evaluate the contribution of virtual field trips to their education regarding geomorphology and state their opinion as to whether they can supplement and/or substitute actual field trips. Most of them stated that virtual field trips can aid, but not substitute the actual field work. Most students mentioned that they would attend another virtual field trip in the future, both as an alternative to classroom lessons and as a means of preparation for an actual field trip, but not in order not to attend the actual one.
Nutrient limitations regulate soil greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical forests: evidence from an ecosystem-scale nutrient manipulation experiment in Uganda
Authors: Tamale Joseph , Hüppi Roman , Griepentrog Marco , Turyagyenda Laban Frank , Barthel Matti , Doetterl Sebastian , Fiener Peter , van Straaten Oliver
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Soil macronutrient availability is one of the abiotic controls that alters the exchange of greenhouse gases (GHGs) between the soil and the atmosphere in tropical forests. However, evidence on the macronutrient regulation of soil GHG fluxes from central African tropical forests is still lacking, limiting our understanding of how these biomes could respond to potential future increases in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition. The aim of this study was to disentangle the regulation effect of soil nutrients on soil GHG fluxes from a Ugandan tropical forest reserve in the context of increasing N and P deposition. Therefore, a large-scale nutrient manipulation experiment (NME), based on 40 m×40 m plots with different nutrient addition treatments (N, P, N + P, and control), was established in the Budongo Central Forest Reserve. Soil carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes were measured monthly, using permanently installed static chambers, for 14 months. Total soil CO2 fluxes were
partitioned into autotrophic and heterotrophic components through a root
trenching treatment. In addition, soil temperature, soil water content, and
nitrates were measured in parallel to GHG fluxes. N addition (N and N + P) resulted in significantly higher N2O fluxes in the transitory phase (0–28 d after fertilization; p<0.01) because N fertilization likely increased soil N beyond the microbial immobilization and plant nutritional demands, leaving the excess to be nitrified or denitrified. Prolonged N fertilization, however, did not elicit a significant response in background (measured more than 28 d after fertilization) N2O fluxes. P fertilization marginally and significantly increased transitory (p=0.05) and background (p=0.01)
CH4 consumption, probably because it enhanced methanotrophic activity. The addition of N and P (N + P) resulted in larger CO2 fluxes in the transitory phase (p=0.01), suggesting a possible co-limitation of both N and P on soil respiration. Heterotrophic (microbial) CO2 effluxes were significantly higher than the autotrophic (root) CO2 effluxes (p<0.01) across all treatment plots, with microbes contributing about two-thirds of the total soil CO2 effluxes. However, neither heterotrophic nor autotrophic
respiration significantly differed between treatments. The results from this study suggest that the feedback of tropical forests to the global soil GHG budget could be disproportionately altered by increases in N and P
availability over these biomes.
The Impact of Previous Cardiology Electives on Canadian Medical Student Interest and Understanding of Cardiology
Authors: Huo Bright , MacNevin Wyatt , Dow Todd , Rajda Miroslaw
Published: July 2021

Background: Most Canadian medical schools do not have mandatory cardiology rotations. Early exposure to clinical cardiology aids career navigation, but clerkship selectives are chosen during pre-clerkship. This study investigates whether prior elective experiences affect medical student interest as well as understanding of cardiology before clerkship selections.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, Embase and PubMed to create an evidence-based cross-sectional survey. The anonymous questionnaire was administered to 53 second-year medical students at a Canadian medical school via Opinio, an online survey platform. Students were assessed on their interest and understanding of cardiology practice using a 5-point Likert Scale. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square analysis were applied to assess the relationship between previous elective experience, medical student interest, and understanding of career-related factors pertaining to cardiology.

Results: Overall, 26 (49.1%) students reported cardiology interest, while it was a preferred specialty for 9 (17.0%). Medical students reported low understanding of community practice (n=20, 37.7%), duration of patient relationships (n=14, 26.4%), spectrum of disorders (n=13, 24.5%), and in-patient care (n=11, 20.8%) associated with cardiology practice. Students with prior cardiology electives had increased understanding of in-patient care (χ2 = 4.688, Cramer’s V = 0.297, p = 0.030 and were more likely to select cardiology as a top specialty choice (χ2 = 7.983, Cramer’s V = 0.388, p = 0.005).

Conclusions: Pre-clerkship medical students have a low understanding of cardiology practice. Increasing pre-clerkship exposure to cardiology may help students determine their interest in the specialty before clerkship selectives are chosen.
‘Monster in the sky’: Hibakusha Poetry and the Nuclear Sublime
Authors: Miller Alyson , Atherton Cassandra
Published: July 2021

This paper analyses hibakusha (atomic bomb survivor) poetry as examples of the nuclear

sublime, which Rob Wilson argues is ’one of the unimaginable, trans-material grounds

of a global condition that, paradoxically, can and must be re- imagined, represented, and

invoked to prevent this trauma of negativity from happening in post-Cold War history’

(1989: 1). We argue that of all atomic bomb literature, poetry best captures the

devastation of atomic warfare and a message of hope for the future because of its

emphasis on the economy of expression and, as Robert Jay Lifton argues, its ’symbolic

transformation’ (1991: 21). The ineffability of experience, explored in the Burkean

Romantic Sublime, will be discussed as persisting into the politics of the twentieth

century and impacting on definitions of the nuclear sublime. While hibakusha continue

to be discriminated against – compounded recently by the ongoing catastrophe at the

Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power complex – the nuclear sublime compels them to record

their experiences in testimony, literature or poetry or to risk a ‘forgetting’ that may lead

to the annihilation of the human race. This paper argues that poetry – specifically tanka

and haiku – best captures the nuclear sublime.
Romancing Theft
Authors: Gaffney Harriet
Published: July 2021

This article examines the legacy of Romanticism on Australian settlement, using analysis

of early colonial narrative to investigate how a public hungry for writing of all genres

and schooled for centuries by the adventure tales of white heroes – ’free of the

complexities of relations with white women’ as Patrick Brantlinger notes – came to

authorise the theft of Aboriginal land and the violation of her people. Through the close

analysis of an account by one of Victoria’s first settlers, Joseph Tice Gellibrand, this

work seeks to unveil how word and action often belie one another in colonial narratives,

acting to legitimate what was in fact unlawful through what Michel Foucault refers to as

a ‘hazardous play of dominations’ (1981: 52). Drawing on Marxist and post-colonial

analysis of the Romantic era and its ‘prevailing anxiety with difference and otherness’

(Saree Makdisi, 2009: 36), I examine how ideas about race and sovereignty were

normalised through the expedient use of writing, and in doing so, demonstrate how, in

Victoria, the written word has everything to do with authority, property and ownership.

I conclude that it is through creative writing that we can help to bring about social change:

through work that seeks, as Jen Webb states, ‘to make things visible’, to ’provide a

platform’ (2015: 61) from which to unsettle notions of settlement and sovereignty.
Contemporary Theatrical Landscapes: The Legacy of Romanticism in two examples of contemporary Australian Gothic drama
Authors: Hassall Linda
Published: July 2021

At this time in history, climate change predicts that we are once again dwarfed by nature. Nature

is as Massey (2008) suggests, understood as the classic foundations for our contemplation of

place and our fascinations with belonging to place. As creative writers, artists and scholars

respond to escalating temperatures, rising sea levels and natural disasters, on a daily basis, the threat of climate change events loom large in the contemporary imagination. Humankind’s pride in domination over all things natural is being put to the test, as we begin to anticipate the terrifying spectacle of our own damnation. From an ecological and eco-critical perspective, climate change may be considered, as the contemporary ‘abomination’ as it poses both a moral and a psychological paradox for us all. It is not an hallucinatory fantasy, nor is it a social pathology. Contemporary Australian Gothic drama explores the paradoxical relationship between perceptions of what is absent and what is present, between past and future, between climate, nature and disappearing landscapes and geographies. It is within this paradox of perception that Australian Gothic drama responds to literary legacies of Romanticism as we ‘lament the loss of spiritual connections’ to nature (Bate 1991: 17). This paper discusses the environmental and eco-critical themes embedded in two of my theatrical works, Dust 2016 and Salvation 2013, in which notions of evil in the Romantic sense are discovered in the ecologies of landscape, place and space from which we as humans are, in turn, becoming alienated.
Supervisão Pedagógica: perspetivas de educadores de infância em Portugal
Authors: Seabra Filipa , Abelha Marta , Miranda Helena , Moreira Osvaldo
Published: July 2021

Perante um contexto ainda pouco recetivo à supervisão pedagógica, mas assinalando mudanças e uma pressão crescente no sentido da sua valorização, o estudo realizado visou caracterizar as experiências e perspetivas de educadores de infância da rede pública em Portugal sobre a supervisão pedagógica. Foi aplicado um questionário previamente validado (GASPAR et al., 2019). Orientaram a pesquisa, perspetivas teóricas sobre supervisão pedagógica apresentadas por Gaspar (et al., 2019), Alarcão e Canha (2013), ou Roldão (2012), que têm sido fundamentais na definição do campo, em Portugal. Os resultados apontam para uma experiência de supervisão pedagógica muito ligada à avaliação do desempenho docente (ADD), e em menor medida à formação inicial de professores, considerada de reduzido impacto sobre a qualidade das práticas docentes. No entanto, as perspetivas sobre o papel do supervisor e o conceito de supervisão demonstram alguma abertura à possibilidade de uma supervisão mais horizontal e até informal produzir impactos positivos.
SITUATION OF USE OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS
Authors: Nguyễn Hồng Ngọc , Bùi Đặng Phương Chi , Đỗ Văn Mãi
Published: July 2021

Objective: Assessing the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) at 120 Military Hospital in Tien Giang province. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 4532 outpatient prescriptions of patients who were prescribed drugs by doctors from July 1 st , 2020 to July 30 th , 2020 at clinics of the examination department - Military Hospital 120. Results: The highest percentage of patients indicated to use proton pump inhibitors was the group of patients in working age from 20 - 60 years old, accounting for 62.16%. The percentage of female patients accounted for much higher than male patients, respectively 62.35% and 37.65%. The most indicated proton pump inhibitors were omeprazole at the rate of 60.06%, followed by Pantoprazole at the rate of 21.89%, proton pump inhibitors with the lowest percentage were Rabeprazole at the rate of 0.88%. For gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastroenteritis prevention, proton pump inhibitors were widely used as omeprazole. The drugs omeprazole, pantoprazole and esomeprazole all had a predominant ratio of 40mg doses. Conclusion: The prevalence of PPIs indicated for use was mainly female, aged 20-60 years old. The most commonly prescribed drug was omeprazole with a dose of 40mg in the most common group of diseases was gastroesophageal reflux disease, prevention of gastroenteritis.
ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF DRUG PRESCIRPTION AND INTERACTIONS AT THE OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT (OPD) OF CAN THO CITY CARDIOVASCULAR HOSPITAL 2019
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Minh Khoa , Đỗ Văn Mãi , Lê Ngọc Của , Bùi Tùng Hiệp
Published: July 2021

Background: Outpatient prescribing and drug interactions are important factors that can lead to treatment failure or increase the likelihood of severe adverse reactions (ADR. Objective: Analysis of the current status of drug prescirption and interactions at the outpatient department (ODP) of Can Tho city cardiovascular hospital 2019. Materials and method: 3000 drug prescriptions for outpatient treatment from service clinic and Health Insurance of Can Tho City Cardiovascular hospital 2019. Cross-sectional descriptive survey. Results: The average number of drugs per prescription in outpatient treatment at Can Tho city cardiovascular hospital is within the safe limits recommended by WHO (4.19). Prescribing to use a combination of antibiotics in the prescription is 20.4%. Using a combination of 2 antibiotics is 2.5%, using a combination of 3 antibiotics is 0.2% and 4 antibiotics ~ 0.0%; The rate of using vitamins is 14.0%. There are a total of 1265 interactive prescriptions in 3000 outpatient prescriptions surveyed, accounting for 42.17%. This includes 41.9% of drug interactions at health insurance clinics and 42.58% in service clinics. The rate of interaction at clinic Health insurance is higher than drugs in service clinics Conclusions: The prescribing indicators were consistent with BYT regulations and drug interactions were also influenced by clinic choice.
RESULTS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY REHABILITATION IN PATIENTS WITH DISEASE AS LUMBER SPINAL DISC HERNIATION
Authors: Phạm Thị Thu Hiền , Đào Văn Dũng
Published: July 2021

The researchon 60 patients with lumber spinal disc herniation treated with physical therapy- rehabilitation methods at the hospital 198. The result as follows: Very good 30%, good 60%, average 10%. This is simple, non- pharmacological, conservative medical treatment that is effective for mild and moderate lumbar spinal disc herniation.
SATISFACTION OF INSURED PATIENTS GETTING DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT SERVICES IN HOI AN HEALTH STATION, CHO MOI DISTRICT, AN GIANG PROVINCE IN 2020: STATUS AND SOME ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Hải , Phùng Thanh Hùng , Phạm Quỳnh Anh
Published: July 2021

Research was conducted with two objectives which are to describe and to analyze some factors affecting the satisfaction of insured patients getting diagnosis and treatment service in Hoi An health station, Cho Moi district, An Giang province. The research design is cross-sectional description, combining quantitative and qualitative. The research used SERQUAL questionaire, interviewed 288 inpatients. The research results show that 81.2% insured patients satisfied with diagnosis and treatment service in Hoi An health station, in which the overall satisfaction rate of insured patients with sympathy factor is 74.7%. Factor having lowest satisfaction rate of insured patient is trust factor (60.1%). Our study also found some factors related to patient satisfaction. They are occupation (OR = 2.1), number of visits per year (OR = 2.5), number of times using health insurance card (OR = 2.0), health insurance services counseling (OR = 2.6). The research results provide scientific evidence to advise the Board of Directors to propose solutions to improve the quality of medical examination and treatment and increase patient confidence.
SUMMARY: SITUATION OF USING DRUGS FOR GOUT TREATMENT OF INPATIENTS
Authors: Phúc Đặng Quang , Mãi Đỗ Văn , Thái Hoàng Đức , Trí Bùi Đặng Minh
Published: July 2021

Objective: To describe the current situation of using drugs to treat gout on inpatients at Can Tho City General Hospital. Subjects and methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, non-intervention study based on inpatient medical records for gout treatment at Can Tho City General Hospital with admission time from June 2019 to December 2019. Results: The majority of patients were prescribed colchicine, accounting for 91.35%, followed by oral and injected meloxicam, with 55.77.0% and 29.81% respectively. Inpatients using a single regimen mainly used paracetamol (accounting for 36.11%) and colchicine (accounting for 22.22%). The most commonly used 2-drug inpatient regimen included: colchicin + oral paracetamol (30.43%), oral meloxicam + oral paracatamol (19.57%). The 3-drug combination regimen on the inpatient group includes: colchicin + injected meloxicam + oral paracetamol (accounting for 61.11%). The four-drug combination regimen was colchicin + injected meloxicam + oral methylprednisolon + infused paracetamol. The majority of inpatients had the regimen changed due to improved clinical symptoms (accounting for 64.13%). Approximately 25.54% of patients need changes due to more severe clinical symptoms. Only 6 medical records showed adverse events during the treatment process, accounting for 5.77%. In which, digestive disorders accounted for the highest percentage with 50.0%. Conclusion: Gout inpatients were mainly indicated for the use of colchicin and meloxicam. The main regimens used in monotherapy were paracetamol and colchicin, the multitherapy regimen mainly used colchicin, meloxicam and paracetamol. Drug side effects were low at 5.77%.
SUMMARY: TREATMENT COMPLIANCE OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Thái Hoàng Đức , Trí Bùi Đặng Minh , Hiệp Bùi Minh , Quyên Huỳnh Thị Thúy
Published: July 2021

Objective: To investigate the treatment adherence rate of patients with hypertension who managed at Tri Ton General Hospital. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive and analyzed study on 236 patients diagnosed with hypertension who were treated outpatient and managed at Tri Ton general hospital from November, 2019 to April, 2020. Results: The majority of patients complied with drug treatment (72.03%), still 66 patients did not comply well with drug treatment (27.97%). The majority of patients adhered to the non-drug treatment regimen: adhering to the diet (86.02%), adhering to the alcohol use restriction (81.36%), good adherence to the activities and physical training (83.47%). Most patients adhere to general treatment (88.98%). Conclusion: Compliance with drug treatment and non-drug treatment in patients with hypertension accounted for a high rate, from about 72.03% to 88.98%.
SUMMARY: SOME FACTORS RELATED TO COMPLIANCE IN TREATMENT BASEDOW ON OUTPATIENTS
Authors: Hải Nguyễn Thế , Mãi Đỗ Văn , Mãi Đỗ Văn , Chi Bùi Đặng Phương , Trí Bùi Đặng Minh
Published: July 2021

Objective: Analyzing factors related to the compliance with Basedow disease treatment on outpatients at Can Tho City General Hospital. Objects and methods: The perspective research on 60 outpatients who come for re-examination at Can Tho City General Hospital from July, 1st, 2020 – September, 30th, 2020. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation between the patient’s duration of Basedow disease, the number of drugs prescribed in the prescription, the number of medications per day, drug beliefs and the level of compliance of treatment (p<0.05). The remaining factors such as age, sex, educational qualifications, occupational status, and income were not found to be related to compliance of treatment (p>0.05). Conclusion: Factors of Basedow disease time of the patient, number of drugs prescribed in the prescription, number of medications per day, and belief in drugs to treat Basedow disease were related to compliance of treatment.
THE TREATMENT EFFECT OF HYPERTENSION DRUGS OF PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE STAGE IV
Authors: Hậu Phan Hùng Duy , Trí Bùi Đặng Minh , Bền Nguyễn Hữu
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the treatment effects of hypertension drugs in patients with stage IV renal failure at An Sinh General Hospital. Objects and methods: study of retrospective, cross-sectional description of 153 medical records of patients diagnosed with hypertension with stage IV chronic renal failure who were treated in the Department of Endocrinology - Dialysis of An Sinh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, from June 1st, 2019 to May 31st, 2020. Results: After 6 months of follow-up of patients with hypertension at grade 2 and 3, there were only 11 patients. Normal/normal high blood pressure (BP) (<140/90mmHg) was achieved at 53.49%, however, target blood pressure (TBP) (<130/80 mmHg) was only reached in 33.99% of patients. Changes in renal function indexes after hemodialysis and after treatment had no significant                   

difference compared with before treatment with drugs of hypertension. The rate       

of patients with new cardiovascular complications after 6 months of follow-up had a small rate of 3.27%. Conclusion: The ratio of patients with hypertension at grade 2 and grade 3 was clearly reduced. The TBP rate was in the average level. The rate of patients with new cardiovascular complications after 6 months of follow-up was low.
THỰC TRẠNG NHIỄM MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ HÓA HỌC TRONG SẢN PHẨM SỮA LÊN MEN TẠI THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH NĂM 2020
Authors: Chuyên Nguyễn Văn , Diệu Hằng Đinh Thị , Kha Trần Văn , Điển Nguyễn Đức
Published: July 2021

Mục tiêu: Xác định mức độ nhiễm một số yếu tố hóa học trong một số sản phẩm sữa lên men tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, năm 2020. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Chọn 60 sản phẩm sữa lên men thương mại được tiêu thụ phổ biến nhất tại khuvực nghiên cứu. Trong đó, 30 sản phẩm trong nước và 30 sản phẩm nhập khẩu. Đánh giá mức độ nhiễm một số chỉ tiêu hóa học. Kết quả và kết luận: Nồng độ Chì trung bình 0,009 ± 0,013 mg/kg, nồng độ Asen 0,202 ± 0,148 mg/kg, nồng độ Cadimi 0,390 ± 0,365 mg/kg, nồng độ Thủy Ngân 0,017 ± 0,018 mg/kg đối với sản phẩm trong nước. Có 1/30 mẫu có nồng độ Chì, 1/30 mẫu có nồng độ Cd vượt ngưỡng cho phép. Với sản phẩm nhập khẩu: nồng độ Chì trung bình 0,006 ± 0,007 mg/kg, nồng độ Asen 0,123 ± 0,134 mg/kg, nồng độ Cadimium 0,194 ± 0,290 mg/kg, nồng độ Thủy ngân 0,019 ± 0,018 mg/kg. Có 1/30 mẫu sản phẩm nhập khẩu có nồng độ Cadimi vượt ngưỡng cho phép. Nồng độ Carbaryl trung bình 17,61 ± 15,42 µg/kg,nồng độ Endosulfan 3,375 ± 2,913 µg/kg, nồng độ Aldrin và Dieldrin 2,92 ± 1,88 µg/kg đối với sản phẩm trong nước. Nồng độ Carbaryl trung bình 16,03 ± 16,32 µg/kg, nồng độ Endosulfan 3,44 ± 3,39 µg/kg, nồng độ Aldrin và Dieldrin 2,41 ± 2,17 µg/kg đối với sản phẩm nhập khẩu. Không ghi nhận mẫu sữa lên men có nồng độ thuốc bảo bệ thực vật vượt giới hạn cho phép.