bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Israeli Peace Nonprofits Promoting Social Good: Characteristics of Active and Inactive Organizations
Authors: Almog-Bar Michal , Cnaan Ram A. , Pitowsky-Nave Noga , Tury Krisztina
Published: August 2019

Objectives:

Our aim in this article is to understand the nonprofit organizations that declared to promote social good by focusing on peace and coexistence activities and assess why some survived under challenging contexts while others became inactive.

Method:

The study is based on a database of peace and coexistence organizations obtained from the registrar of associations in Israel. The nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) were divided into active and inactive organizations.

Results:

Our key findings suggest that Israeli-registered sustained peace/coexistence NGOs are those that do not focus on meetings between people from the conflicting sides, are centrally committed to peace/coexistence, and are anchored in the Jewish sector of the state.

Conclusion:

Our findings pave the way for social work entrepreneurs aiming to work toward peace and coexistence to better plan the establishment and sustainability of peace and coexistence NGOs.
Not Just Tools to Handle It: A Qualitative Study of Nursing Students’ Experiences From Participating in a Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management Intervention
Authors: Terp Ulrik , Bisholt Birgitta , Hjärthag Fredrik
Published: August 2019

Background. Stress-related problems are an increasing challenge within nurse education since it affects learning, professional development, and mental health negatively. Despite this, knowledge is scarce regarding nursing students’ experiences of being in stress management interventions. Aim. This study aimed to describe how nursing students experienced a preventive cognitive behavioral therapy–based stress management intervention. Method. Data were collected through 14 semistructured interviews with nursing students who had participated in a stress management intervention, and analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis. Results. The analysis yielded one theme, Turning points, which consisted of four categories: (1) more in touch with reality, (2) increased self-confidence, (3) improved communication skills, and (4) a new way of reflecting. Discussion. Findings emphasize the importance of both theoretical and structural aspects when planning a stress management training intervention. A group format delivery in combination with a multicomponent cognitive behavioral intervention can be interrelated elements for positive stress–related changes. Conclusion. Our findings indicate that participants developed new and more adaptive coping strategies, which were attributed to the intervention. The participants expressed that they had increased their ability to reflect, which led to increased insight and self-reflection. The intervention constitutes an example of a contribution to stress management research and provides information for stress management training initiatives in nurse education.
Activity of MUC1 cancer antigen-binding plasma anti-α-galactoside antibody correlates inversely with size of autologous lipoprotein(a)
Authors: John Jessy , Kalaivani Vasantha , Geetha Mandagini , Appukuttan Padinjaradath S
Published: August 2019

Variation in ligand-binding affinity of natural plasma anti-α-galactoside antibody (anti-Gal) is a plausible reason for differing anti-cancer defense among individuals since serine- and threonine-rich peptide sequences (STPS) in the cancer-specific MUC-1 antigen are surrogate ligands for this antibody. As affinity of a natural antibody could be modulated by systemic antigens by processes including affinity maturation, we examined the contribution of the size of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], an efficient autologous anti-Gal-binding macromolecule that possesses variable numbers of STPS due to genetically determined size polymorphism, towards the specific activity (activity per unit mass) of anti-Gal. Binding of purified Lp(a) to FITC-labeled anti-Gal, measured in terms of increase in fluorescence of the latter, was inhibited by LDL in proportion to Lp(a) size presumably because LDL molecules also bind noncovalently and in proportion to Lp(a) size at the O-glycosylated and STPS-rich region of Lp(a). For the same reason, circulating forms of smaller Lp(a) which carried fewer or no noncovalently attached LDL molecules were more efficient ligands for the antibody than the same number of larger ones ( P < 0.0001). Result suggested that smaller Lp(a), with their STPS ligands less obstructed by adhering LDL, would be more effective systemic antigens for anti-Gal. In confirmation of this, the specific activity of anti-Gal decreased with Lp(a) size (r − 0.5443; P < 0.0001) but increased with Lp(a) concentration (r 0.6202; P < 0.0001) among 73 normal plasma samples. IgG to IgM ratio, an index of immunoglobulin class switching characteristic of affinity maturation, was decidedly higher for anti-Gal in small Lp(a) individuals than in their large Lp(a) counterparts ( P = 0.0014). Results indicated that modulation of activity of anti-Gal by Lp(a) size may account for the lower incidence of cancer reported in people carrying more plasma Lp(a) which are generally smaller as well.
Analytic Methods’ Considerations for the Translation of Sensitive Qualitative Data From Mandarin Into English
Authors: Ho Szu-Szu , Holloway Aisha , Stenhouse Rosie
Published: August 2019

Background:

In non-English or cross-cultural qualitative research, scholars have long debated the impact of involving translators on the transfer of meanings during the process of translation between languages. The management of sensitive data can even further complicate the research process when translators outside the research team are involved in the translation.

Purpose:

To discuss a translation method, which is drawn from a qualitative study, for managing sensitive qualitative data and enhancing research transparency.

Method:

Translation approach in qualitative research.

Findings:

The use of this translation method was revealed in this study to (1) enhance the researcher’s prolonged engagement with the data and intimate understanding of the meanings underlying participants’ experience, (2) to increase the transparency of qualitative data interpretation and analysis, (3) to facilitate sensitizing cultural nuances and finding meaning and concept equivalence during the process of data translation and analysis, and (4) to handle data more sensitively.

Implications:

This article has implications for the understanding of how researchers can work as an analyst and translator to develop research findings without the loss of meaning, to enhance transparency during the translation process, and to manage data more sensitively.
On dynamic characteristics and stability analysis of the ducted fan unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Chen Cheng , Dong Tiantian , Fu Weijie , Liu Na
Published: August 2019

This article researches the improvement of dynamics stability of the ducted fan unmanned aerial vehicles by optimizing its mechanical–structure parameters. The instability phenomenon of ducted fan unmanned aerial vehicles takes place frequently due to the complicated airflow in near-earth space, which easily leads to the stability problems, such as out of control, shaking, and loss accuracy of command tracking. The dynamics equations mirror its dynamics characteristics, which are primarily influenced by the mechanical–structure parameters of the whole system. Based on this, the optimization of mechanical–structure parameters has a significant to improve the dynamics stability of the whole system. Therefore, this article uses the concept of Lyapunov exponents to build the quantification relationship between system’s mechanical–structure parameters and its motion stability to enhance its stability from viewpoint of mechanical–structural parameter design. The takeoff, landing, and hovering stage are respectively studied and the conclusions suggest that the optimization of mechanical–structure parameters can be used to promote dynamics stability.
Central VEGF-A pathway plays a key role in the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Lee Geun W , Son Jo Y , Lee Ah R , Ju Jin S , Bae Yong C , Ahn Dong K
Published: August 2019

The study reported here investigated the role of the central vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) pathway in the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain following nerve injury. A Sprague-Dawley rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain was produced using malpositioned dental implants. The left mandibular second molar was extracted under anesthesia and replaced with a miniature dental implant to induce injury to the inferior alveolar nerve. The inferior alveolar nerve injury produced a significant upregulation of astrocytic VEGF-A expression in the medullary dorsal horn. The nerve injury-induced mechanical allodynia was inhibited by an intracisternal infusion of VEGF-A164 antibody. Although both VEGF-A Receptor 1 (VEGF-A R1; colocalized with the blood–brain barrier) and VEGF-A Receptor 2 (VEGF-A R2; colocalized with astrocytes) participated in the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain following nerve injury, only the intracisternal infusion of a VEGF-A R1 antibody, and not that of a VEGF-A R2 antibody, inhibited the increased blood–brain barrier permeability produced by nerve injury. Finally, we confirmed the participation of the central VEGF-A pathway in the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain by reducing VEGF-A expression using VEGF-A164 siRNA. This suppression of VEGF-A produced significant prolonged anti-allodynic effects. These results suggest that the central VEGF-A pathway plays a key role in the development of trigeminal neuropathic pain following nerve injury through two separate pathways: VEGF-A R1 and VEGF-A R2. Hence, a blockade of the central VEGF-A pathway provides a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of trigeminal neuropathic pain.
A New Bioactive Cembranolide Sarcophytonolide V from Bornean Soft Coral Genus Sarcophyton
Authors: Tani Kazuki , Kamada Takashi , Phan Chin-Soon , Vairappan Charles S.
Published: August 2019

A new cembranolide diterpene, sarcophytonolide V (1), along with 6 known compounds, isosarcophytonolide D (2), (4 Z,8 S*,9 R*,12 E,14 E)-9-hydroxy-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-8,12-dimethyl-oxabicyclo[9.3.2]-hexadeca-4,12,14-trien-18-one (3), (7 E,11 E)-3,4-epoxy-7,11,15-cembratriene (4), (1 S*,3 S*,4 S*,7 E,11 E)-3,4-epoxy-13-oxo-7,11,15-cembratriene (5), (-)-eunicenone (6), and 2-[( E, E, E)-7′,8′-epoxy-4′,8′,12′-trimethylcyclotetradeca-1′,3′,11′-trienyl]propan-2-ol (7) were isolated from the Bornean soft coral Sarcophyton sp. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution electron spray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS). These compounds were evaluated for their biological activity against marine pathogenic fungi.
Assessment of HIV-related stigma and determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS in Abeokuta, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Oke Olaide Olutoyin , Akinboro Adeolu Oladayo , Olanrewaju Fatai Olatunde , Oke Olatunbosun Ayokunle , Omololu Ayanfe Samuel
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

HIV/AIDS-related stigma remains an essential barrier to the formulated care delivery and improved quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Only a few studies have evaluated stigma and its determinants as concerns people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.

Methods:

A cross-sectional design study recruited 386 people living with HIV/AIDS attending the government clinic, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria, for the assessment of stigma using Berger’s HIV stigma scale and United States Agency International Development-recommended indicators and questions on HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.

Results:

Of the 386 people living with HIV/AIDS, 322 (83.4%) were females and 64 (16.6%) were males, and 96.9% had disclosed their HIV status. Overall, mean perceived stigma score was moderately high at 95.74 (standard deviation = ±16.04). Majority (77.2%) of the participants experienced moderately perceived stigma. Among the subscales, disclosure concerns contributed the most to stigma score at 68.9%. Enacted stigma in the last 12 months was documented in 35.8% (138). There was no association observed between age, gender, marital status and HIV-related stigma. However, low education was associated with higher negative self-image perception (31.83 ± 5.81 vs 29.76 ± 5.74, p < 0.001). Furthermore, higher perceived stigma score was associated with abandonment by spouses (p < 0.001), isolation from household members (p < 0.001) and social exclusion (p < 0.001). We demonstrated a correlation between the domains of enacted stigma and Berger HIV stigma scales except for the loss of resources.

Conclusion:

Perceived HIV-related stigma is moderately high among people living with HIV/AIDS. Low education, disclosure concerns, spousal or household abandonment and social exclusion are the significant contributors. HIV-related stigma preventive interventions at different levels of care are advocated.
Board Room Simulation Game Helps Strategic Management Course
Authors: Suresh Jayshree
Published: August 2019

Loyola Institute of Business Administration (LIBA), a premier management teaching institute in South India, wanted to shift the focus from teaching to learning. Learning by performing an activity or by doing work helps in managerial skill development. The objective was to make the participants learn through collaborative and integrated methods for holistic management education. A method that has the components of interpersonal relationship, collaborative and integrated approach, experiential base and business acumen will serve the purpose. Considering this, teaching through cases, projects and simulations were examined. Due to the advantages of simulation over the other learning methods, the faculty introduced the ‘simulation game in strategic management’ course in LIBA. The course had a blend of cases, projects and a simulation game. This case will focus on the simulation game and describe how the ‘The board room simulation game’ was played in the class for the strategic management course. It will also examine and analyse the impact of the initiative on the participants in terms of interpersonal, collaborative, experiential, integration, and business acumen learnings. To assess the impact of simulation game, data on the skills of the participants were collected before, after and during the game. A 5-point scale was used to get the data on the five dimensions through a questionnaire. The analysis of the assessment on the learning’s found that the impact on business acumen was significant.
Theatre that Enthrals, Engages and Educates: An Artistic Pedagogical Tool
Authors: Fernandez Agna , Kullu Francis David
Published: August 2019

Theatre in education is a student-centred pedagogical tool. It provides learning opportunities, which are powerful emotionally and cognitively. This case study portrays the manner in which Dr Bennis uses different forms of theatre to teach subjects in the field of human resource management and organizational behaviour. Through a collaborative venture with a theatre group headed by Mr V. Balakrishnan, students enjoy, live and learn the subject, which would not be possible in a traditional, lecture-based classroom. The impact of learning through theatre was assessed, and the results clearly indicated greater preference and impact of learning through theatre. In courses of study, involving human inter-actions, theatre helps the learner to channel their energy and excitement into a structured environment. By enabling learners to become engaged as thinkers, a passive learning system is transformed into an active embodiment of true knowledge generation. As a teaching innovation, it seems to have gone beyond engagement to establish a new kind of consciousness towards the application of the subject taught. Its success shattered the myths of its approach and established its appeal and relevance. For Dr Bennis, it was time to look forward to times that are more theatrical.
The Gold Rush of Digital Marketing: Assessing Prospects of Building Brand Awareness Overseas
Authors: Makrides Anna , Vrontis Demetris , Christofi Michael
Published: August 2019

Advertising through digital channels—known as Digital Marketing—is recognized for its transformative impact on companies and for its immense effect on brand–consumer relationships, as it enables interactions with customers at any time and in any place. Based on these realities, this study analyzes several digital platforms and practices that have proven to be effective and assesses digital media dynamics to examine whether they can increase brand awareness on an international level. By employing a survey methodology approach with 200 respondents as a final sample, this study shows that digital marketing represents a huge potential for small- and medium-sized enterprises, giving internationalization a dominant digital attribute. Additionally, the findings reflect the noteworthy and rapid emergence of different digital marketing techniques serving different market segments. Finally, the study discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of the findings and proposes several avenues for future research.
Board Meeting Attendance and Corporate Tax Avoidance: Evidence from the UK
Authors: Barros Victor , Sarmento Joaquim Miranda
Published: August 2019

Is corporate tax avoidance associated with board meetings and attendance? Despite the large amount of research in management and finance on the impact of boards in several firm decisions, there is very little research that associates boards with tax avoidance. In this article, we look at firms listed on the London Stock Exchange during the period 2002–2015 and analyze whether a higher frequency of board meetings in the UK is associated with lower corporate tax liability. Our findings show that board meetings and attendance rate exert opposite effects, although the frequency of meetings is associated with lowering the tax liability. However, the association does not hold in a linear way. Tax-avoiding firms pay about 3 percent less effective tax rate, which is associated with average levels of meetings frequency, whereas those in the upper tail of the effective tax rate distribution benefit from a combined decrease of about 5–6 percent in the effective tax rate. The results conclusively support the view that a more resilient and focused control of board members mitigates opportunistic behavior and rent-seeking, thus enabling managers to engage in tax avoidance strategies.
Aircel Crisis: Disruptive Competition or Corruption– What Next?
Authors: Aggrawal Artee
Published: August 2019

Even though the emerging economies are growing with a fast pace, they have their own problems like growing population, corruption low per capita income and low purchasing power. India has its considerable dynamics like lower middle-class consumers, price competition, disruptive technologies and corruption. The present case study is about a struggling player of telecom industry in India. The telecom sector of India is an oligopoly market with only few dominant players. Entry of Relience-Jio in the year 2016 disrupted the market and making it difficult for all well-established companies to stay afloat. Aircel India, once a poster boy of Indian telecom sector, finds itself into intensive competition and numerous corruption charges. The case presents an opportunity in front of the students to evaluate a series of difficult decisions, all of which require trade-offs in the interest of keeping the company afloat. The case is developed by the data collected using unobtrusive methods from newspaper articles and research reports on the topic.
An Unusual Presentation of Spinal Giant Cell Glioblastoma in a 21-Year-Old Female
Authors: Delgado Benjamin J. , Moosavi Leila , Rangel Ericka , Stull William , Polineni Rahul Dev , Chen Joseph , Cobos Everardo
Published: August 2019

Primary spinal cord giant cell glioblastoma multiforme of the thoracic spinal cord is a rarely-diagnosed primary spinal cord tumor in comparison to neoplasms in intracranial locations. In this article, we highlight a young adult who was diagnosed with intramedullary giant cell glioblastoma, IDH wild-type, World Health Organization grade IV/IV of the thoracic spinal cord. This case report describes the treatment approach with a postsurgical combination of radiation therapy and temozolomide, which resulted in the patient to return to her baseline of health only to later develop neurological symptoms significant for a recurrence of malignancy. In a review of the literature of described cases of primary spinal cord glioblastoma multiforme, prognosis continues to be unfavorable as current treatment options of the aggressive malignancy remain absent of a cure.
A Reflection on Valuing Teacher Training and Pedagogy as Scholarship in Higher Education
Authors: Pember Sarah E.
Published: August 2019

Reiterating the importance of the “education” in health education, this reflection poses the question, “Why don’t we make pedagogy a standard part of our doctoral programs alongside research methods and evaluation?” and considers the value and perception of teaching as scholarship in academia.
Tying Metabolic Branches With Histone Tails Using Systems Biology
Authors: Chandrasekaran Sriram
Published: August 2019

Histone modifications represent an innate cellular mechanism to link nutritional status to gene expression. Metabolites such as acetyl-CoA and S-adenosyl methionine influence gene expression by serving as substrates for modification of histones. Yet, we lack a predictive model for determining histone modification levels based on cellular metabolic state. The numerous metabolic pathways that intersect with histone marks makes it highly challenging to understand their interdependencies. Here, we highlight new systems biology tools to unravel the impact of nutritional cues and metabolic fluxes on histone modifications.
Four Major Defenses Against #Metoo Allegations Are Not Tenable
Authors: Sharma Indira , Srivastava Raj Kumar , Sharma Reet
Published: August 2019

Introduction: The “Me too” movement against sexual harassment has spread in a big way on the social media with many men defending the allegations against them.

Aim: To examine the current evidence on the 4 major defenses against sexual harassment—consensual sexual behavior, behavior as “normal,” complaint without proof has no meaning, and long delay in filing complaints.

Method: The literature on “Metoo” movement against sexual harassment was retrieved and critically examined to determine the extent to which it supports the 4 defenses.

Conclusion: The 4 major defenses against #Metoo allegations are not tenable.
The New Avatar of Female Sexual Dysfunction in ICD-11—Will It Herald a Better Future?
Authors: Parameshwaran Soumya , Chandra Prabha S.
Published: August 2019

Female sexual dysfunction has always had challenges related to nosological issues due to inadequate research and understanding in this area. The ICD-11 has proposed substantial changes to the classification of conditions related to sexual health. In this review, we have discussed the proposed changes, compared with other classificatory systems and discussed its implications on clinical practice and research in this field. While there have been several progressive moves in the taxonomy of sexual dysfunctions, we have expressed our views on possible changes which can help with better diagnosis and management of sexual problems in women.
Effects of two types of exercise training on psychological well‐being, sleep, quality of life and physical fitness in patients with high‐grade glioma (WHO III and IV): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cordier Dominik , Gerber Markus , Brand Serge
Published: August 2019

Background

There is existing evidence on whether and to what degree regular exercise training improves the quality of life (QoL) among cancer survivors. However, in regards to patients with high‐grade glioma (HGG; WHO grade III and IV), no conclusive study has been performed so far. The present trial aims to fill this gap by examining whether psychological well‐being, sleep, QoL and physical fitness might be improved with two different types of exercise, as compared to an active control condition. Active control condition represent individuals participating at regular meetings to talk about their current life situation, though, the meetings were not intended as that of the psychotherapy group. Regular meetings are of the same frequency, duration, and intensity as the exercise interventions.

Methods

A total of 45 patients with HGG after undergoing neurosurgery and adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy will be consecutively and randomly assigned to (a) an endurance training, (b) a resistance training or (c) to an active control condition. The intervention will last for 6 consecutive weeks, consisting of 2 weekly sessions (30–45 min per session). Measurements would take place at three time points, namely at the beginning of the study (baseline), 3 weeks after the beginning of the study, and 6 weeks after the beginning of the study. The last measurement also represents the end of the study. Aerobic exercise performance will be assessed objectively with a 6‐min walking test, and a handgrip test will be used to assess the upper body strength. Further, participants will complete a battery of questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, QoL, sleep quality and sleep patterns, coping with stress, state‐ and trait‐anxiety, depression, and fatigue. In parallel, experts will use the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to determine and rate participants’ symptoms of depression.

Significance

The present study will be the first to investigate and compare the impact of two different exercise modalities, namely endurance and resistance training, on physical fitness and dimensions of well‐being, and sleep among patients with HGG who underwent neurosurgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy. Importantly, unlike the majority of previous studies, the control condition consists of an active set‐up to detect possible factual beneficial effects of exercise training, irrespective of social interactions.

Trial registrationhttps://register.clinicaltrials.gov; identifier: NCT03775369
Short Sprints Accumulated at School Modulate Postprandial Metabolism in Boys
Authors: SMALLCOMBE JAMES W. , BARRETT LAURA A. , SHERAR LAUREN B. , SEDGWICK MATTHEW J. , SLATER TOMMY , TOLFREY KEITH
Published: August 2019

Introduction

This study examined the efficacy of maximal sprint running accumulated during a typical school day to modulate postprandial metabolism in adolescent boys.

Methods

Nineteen adolescent boys completed three 2-d experimental conditions: a standard-practice control (CON), an accumulated in-school sprint running (ACC), and a single block of afterschool sprint running (BLO). On day 1, a fasting capillary blood sample was taken at 0735 h in the school. Three subsequent postprandial blood samples were taken at predetermined times after consumption of standardized breakfast and lunch. During ACC, participants accumulated four sets of 10 × 30-m maximal-intensity sprint runs across natural breaks in lessons. During BLO, participants performed the same number of sprints (40) in a single after-school exercise session. The blood samples from day 1 were replicated on the day after exercise (day 2).

Results

On day 1, no significant differences in total area under the plasma triacylglycerol concentration versus time curve (TAUC-TAG) were observed between conditions (P = 0.126). However, TAUC-insulin was lower in ACC compared with BLO (−26%, effect size [ES] = 0.86, P = 0.001) and CON (−22%, ES = 0.72, P = 0.010). On day 2, TAUC-TAG was 12% lower after ACC (ES = 0.49; P = 0.002) and 10% lower after BLO (ES = 0.37; P = 0.019) compared with CON. No significant differences were observed between conditions on day 2 for postprandial insulin or glucose (P ≥ 0.738).

Conclusion

Four sets of 10 × 30-m sprints, accumulated in four separate bouts (<5 min) during the school day, reduced postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin concentrations in adolescent boys and may represent an effective in-school exercise strategy to promote metabolic health.
Association between MRI background parenchymal enhancement and lymphovascular invasion and estrogen receptor status in invasive breast cancer
Authors: Li Jun , Mo Yin , He Bo , Gao Qian , Luo Chunyan , Peng Chao , Zhao Wei , Ma Yun , Yang Ying
Published: August 2019

Objectives:

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is associated with breast cancer risk, but the associations between BPE and clinical characteristics and histological features are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between BPE and clinical characteristics (including age, menopausal status, and tumor histological characteristics) in patients with invasive breast cancer.

Methods:

This was a retrospective study of 163 patients with invasive breast cancer (164 lesions, 1 patient had bilateral cancer) confirmed by surgery and pathological examination, treated between January 2014 and December 2016 at our university (Kunming Medical University). The patients were divided into two groups: extremely minimal and mild enhancement (low BPE group, n = 78) vs moderate and marked enhancement (high BPE group, n = 86).

Results:

Compared with the low BPE group, the high BPE group showed higher frequencies of patients < 50 years of age (88% vs 38%, p < 0.0001), premenopausal (87% vs 29%, p < 0.0001), T1 staging (35% vs 15%, p = 0.027), Grade II (57% vs 37%, p = 0.03), lymphovascular invasion (83% vs 13%, p < 0.0001), and positive estrogen receptor (ER) (79% vs 42%, p < 0.0001). The Spearman correlation coefficients (r) between BPE and age, menopausal status, lymphovascular invasion, and ER status were −0.521 (p < 0.0001), –0.588 (p < 0.0001), 0.697 (p < 0.0001), and 0.377 (p < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusion:

BPE is negatively associated with age and menopausal status, and is positively associated with lymphovascular invasion and positive ER status.

Advances in knowledge:

BPE is not correlated with T staging and histological classification in patients with invasive breast cancer.
Case Report: A rare case of BCGitis in a patient with bladder cancer treated with the BCG vaccine
Authors: Sousa Domingos , Antunes Silva Sérgio , Jorge Catarina , Rodrigues Ana Isabel , Martins Fernandes Rita , Viana Coelho Margarida , Rios Elena , Ferro Rodrigues Rita , Mingo Amparo
Published: August 2019

The Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine was initially produced as a vaccine against tuberculosis. BCG is an attenuated live strain of Mycobacterium bovis and has been widely used as an immunotherapy over the last years in bladder cancer. We describe a case of a 61-year-old Caucasian male with previous bladder cancer, who had been treated for the last 15 months with instillation of BCG, admitted with 3-week evolution history of fever (38ºC), asthenia, anorexia and a weight loss of 6kg. The patient’s condition deteriorated leading to sepsis. A liver biopsy was performed showing granulomatous dispersed through all the parenchyma. Empirical therapy for M. bovis was started with good response.

Even though it is rare, BCGitis must be ruled out in any patient submitted to immunotherapy with BCG and prompt therapy started if disseminated disease is present, which improves the outcome.
Urodynamic profile in the Department of Urology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Between 2010 and 2015
Authors: Yunanto Angling , Rahardjo Harrina Erlianti
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND This study was aimed to describe urodynamic profiles, the role and advantages of urodynamics for urinary problems detection, and to analyze whether urodynamic examination has been ordered based on accurate indications following guidelines in the Department of Urology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between 2010 and 2015.  METHODS Data was retrieved from the patient’s medical records who underwent urodynamic examinations in the Department of Urology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between July 2010 to August 2015.  RESULTS 1,091 patients undergone urodynamic procedures in the Department of Urology Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. In 553 lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients, there were 186 (34%) small bladder capacity, 84 (15%) detrusor overactivity (DO), 180 (33%) bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), and 198 (36%) bladder atony patients. In the 317 urinary retention patients, there were 121 (38%) patients with BOO and 2 (1%) patients with a normal voiding phase. In 80 overactive bladder patients, there were 51 (64%) with DO, 17 (21%) with DO incontinence, and 22 (28%) with urodynamic stress incontinence (SI). Among 81 patients with SI problems, there were 63 (78%) urodynamic SI, 9 (11%) DO, and 9 (11%) DO incontinence patients. In 60 (6%) pediatric patients, most LUTS and urinary retention patients were caused by impaired bladder contraction.  CONCLUSIONS This study shows the role and superiority of urodynamics in diagnosing patients with voiding disorders, especially if with mixed components in it. Urodynamics played essential roles in detecting urinary problems at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
Correlation between pain assessment scale and neurovascular compression distance to the root exit zone in trigeminal neuralgia analysis using 3D CISS MRI sequence
Authors: Topan Harry , Mulyadi Rahmad , Nugroho Setyo Widi , Prihartono Joedo
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is primarily caused by neurovascular compression (NVC) at root exit zone (REZ) in cerebellopontine angle cistern. In some NVC cases, it was suspected that clinical symptoms may be correlated with the distance of trigeminal nerve root to vascular contact. Pain assessment scale (PAS) was the most common scale used to evaluate TN pain, therefore this study was conducted to analyze the correlation between PAS usingnumeric rating scale (NRS) and distance from the NVC to REZ location in patients with TN using 3D CISS MRI sequence.

METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, using secondary data of 32 patients, collected from Picture Archiving and Communication System from January 2013 to January 2016. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, version 20.0. Spearman p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS A total of 32 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) distances from the NVC to the REZ were 2.1 (2.1), 2.31 (2.25), and 3.22 (2.63) mm on the shortest, medial, and lateral sides, respectively. The correlation coefficients (r) between the PAS value and the NVC distance in relation to the trigeminal nerve REZ were −0.39 (p = 0.021), −0.57 (p < 0.01), and −0.57 (p = 0.294) on the shortest, lateral, and medial sides, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS PAS using the NRS instrument exhibited an inverse correlation to NVC distance to the REZ of the trigeminal nerve. Shorter distance increased the PAS value.
Knowledge of Ebola virus disease among students at AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia
Authors: Alaydrus Lely Lubna , Hanaphi Nurul Atikah Binti Mohamed , Haniffah Nur Anisa Binti Mohamed , Sukeri Nurulain Binti , Chaw Liling , Naing Lin
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND To assess the level of knowledge of Ebola virus disease (EVD) among students at The Asian Institute of Medical, Science and Technology (AIMST) University.
METHODS This research is a cross-sectional study of 250 year-1 to year-4 students selected through the stratified sampling method from five health science faculties at AIMST University. Independent variables included students’ age, gender, faculty of origin, source of information, and participation in seminars or conferences, while the dependent variable was the students’ knowledge of EVD. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire.
RESULTS The majority of the students did not have adequate knowledge of EVD (77.2%). The level of knowledge of EVD was significantly associated with faculty of origin (p = 0.014) only and not associated with other variables, such as sociodemographic factors, source of information, and participation in seminars or conferences.
CONCLUSIONS Information on EVD needs to be disseminated more intensively among university students due to the current lack of knowledge of the disease.
Association between obesity and sleep disorders in primary school children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Melinda Thong Felicia , Sekartini Rini
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity in primary school children in Jakarta has reached 14% in 2013. Among many disorders, obesity can cause sleep disorders. However, sleep disorders in children are often overlooked by parents, even though they can cause physical, social, and psychological impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to find the association between obesity and sleep disorders in primary school children. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed between July–September 2015 on 107 children attending Menteng 01 Primary School, Jakarta. Children's weight and height were measured and then their parents filled out the brief infant sleep questionnaire (BISQ). The collected data were analyzed using chi-square. RESULTS In this study, 20.6% of the children were obese, which was higher than the prevalence of obesity in Jakarta. Meanwhile, sleep disorders occurred in 62.6% of children. Data about children’s sleep habits and parents’ opinion about their children’s sleep were obtained. It showed that snoring and parents’ opinion about sleep disorders were factors associated with children’s sleep disorder. Statistical analysis also showed a significant association between obesity and sleep disorders in children (p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of obesity in primary school children is high and is associated with sleep disorders.
The use of high-resolution melting techniques for mutation screening of diseases caused by trinucleotide repeats expansion, with emphasis on the  AR  gene
Authors: Juniarto Achmad Zulfa , Ariani Mahayu Dewi , Harumsari Stefani , Listyasari Nurin Aisyiyah , Hardian Hardian , Utari Agustini , Faradz Sultana Muhammad Hussein
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND Trinucleotide repeat expansion (TRE) diseases are genetic diseases caused by an increase in the number of CAG, CGG, and CTG codons. CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene is known to be associated with disorders of sex development (DSD) and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Because the traditional Southern blot for CAG repeat expansion is laborious and time-consuming, this study was aimed to use high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis to screen the CAG repeat length of the AR gene in Indonesian patients with DSD.
METHODS In total, 30 male patients with DSD (46, XY), one male patient with SBMA, and 30 healthy males (control) were included in the study. The CAG repeat length was determined using HRM analysis, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the CAG repeat length.
RESULTS For the DSD cases and controls, the melting temperature (Tm) was within the normal range of 89–91.05°C; however, Tm was 92.65°C for the SBMA case. Sanger sequencing confirmed that DSD cases had 13–27 CAG repeats, and the SBMA case had 54 CAG repeats.
CONCLUSIONS HRM analysis using polymerase chain reaction is a sensitive, effective, and rapid technique for screening CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the AR gene. This is the first technique for AR gene screening that may be applicable to other TRE diseases.
A EDUCAÇÃO PRIMÁRIA RURAL EM PELOTAS-RS (1932-46): PROMISCUIDADE ENTRE O SETOR PÚBLICO E PRIVADO
Authors: Vicente Magda De Abreu , Xavier Itamaragiba Chaves
Published: August 2019

Este artigo destaca aspectos da educação primária rural a partir da investigação da Escola Primária Rural Santo Antônio, que foi inaugurada em 1932, em Pelotas-RS e, em 1946, passou a ser subvencionada pelo governo do estado do RS. Nosso objetivo foi analisar como essa instituição que, mantida pela Igreja Católica, foi destacadamente financiada por organismos públicos e observar traços da cultura escolar ali vigente. Trabalhamos com a investigação de documentos escolares, como fotografias e atas da Sociedade de Educação Cristã, instituição criada em 1930 e ligada à Igreja Católica. Utilizamos como pressuposto teórico-metodológico autores como Abdala (2013); Souza (2001; 2008); Kossoy (1989); Tambara (1995; 2000; 2005) e Severino (2005), dentre outros. Concluímos que essa instituição atendeu à comunidade carente de Pelotas com forte conteúdo agropecuário, tendo em vista as expectativas do catolicismo e do Estado para a educação rural, de modo que foi mantida, quase que essencialmente, por verbas oriundas do governo federal, atendendo aos preceitos cívicos nacionalistas vigentes à época.
INSTITUIÇÕES CONVENIADAS DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: DAS CONDIÇÕES DA OFERTA À FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA
Authors: Côco Valdete , Alves Kallyne Kafuri
Published: August 2019

No contexto do direito à educação e das implicações da relação público-privada para a democratização da Educação Básica, o artigo focaliza as condições da oferta da Educação Infantil em instituições conveniadas (ICEIs) sem fins lucrativos. Tem como objetivo identificar que condições (ligadas ao tempo/espaço, recursos, etc.) marcam as ICEIs sem fins lucrativos de um Estado da Região Sudeste brasileira, no horizonte da formação dos professores. Para isso, utiliza metodologia qualitativa do tipo exploratória, a partir da perspectiva teórico-metodológica bakhtiniana, com procedimento de observação e de entrevista semiestruturada a 40 profissionais do sistema municipal e de ICEIs. Compreende o conceito de memória de futuro para refletir sobre o presente, considerando os riscos que ameaçam a defesa da educação pública, gratuita e de qualidade. Os resultados indicam que as condições em ICEIs resistem ao contexto histórico marcado pela oferta no setor social, com características de precariedade, distância dos centros urbanos, política de doações e mobilização com a comunidade, implicando disparidades na trajetória institucional na formação dos profissionais, como também no perfil do gestor em ICEIs.
ONOMATOPEIAS: Análise de conteúdo nas histórias em quadrinhos Recrutinha
Authors: De Castro Roberto , Rocha da Cunha Karenine Miracelly , Ledur Müller de Castro Nídia
Published: August 2019

O presente discute o emprego das onomatopeias nas histórias em quadrinhos da revista Recrutinha. O estude reúne vinte e sete edições das HQ analisadas, de 2008 a 2017, tendo como método empregado a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A discussão trata da atratividade estética e de conteúdo de uma revista do Exército Brasileiro voltado à comunicação organizacional entre a instituição e o público-alvo, crianças e adolescentes. Conclui-se que o recurso onomatopeia é de vital importância para a dinâmica da narrativa quadrinística pela criação de uma dinâmica sonora e de movimento.
O Erotismo Imrpesso e a Sexualidade Feminina
Authors: Cardoso Patricia Ferreira , Iorio Rafael
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo destaca a evolução do erotismo impresso, desde a antiguidade, até o advento da indústria gráfica. Aborda a influência da publicidade nos textos e imagens para a modificação de crenças, valores e atitudes que interferem de forma negativa na sexualidade. Busca discutir o papel informativo e formativo das revistas femininas referente à sexualidade.
As fontes de notícias enquanto promotores de notícias: como a estrutura fluida pós-industrial do trabalho jornalístico permitiu que isso acontecesse
Authors: Da Silva Thalita Mascarelo , Gentilli Victor Israel
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho apresenta um breve panorama sobre as mudanças estruturais do jornalismo e a transformação que isso provoca no trabalho do jornalista e na relação profissional com as fontes de notícias. A construção da proposição do estudo efetivou-se a partir das transições que estão acontecendo no ambiente jornalístico e na crescente capacitação das fontes na produção de conteúdo jornalístico. Buscou-se uma sistematização de pesquisas e análises que remetem à inquietação inicial do estudo: dinâmicas do jornalismo contemporâneo podem estar alterando radicalmente a relação fundamental existente entre o jornalista e a fonte, o que ocasiona, nesta relação de poder, a consolidação do denominado promotor de notícias. O objetivo consiste em discutir eixos de análise que contribuam para a elaboração de novos estudos sobre o tema.
Pakistan: Economy under Elites – Tax Amnesty Schemes, 2018
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Ashfaq
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the paper is to take an incisive glimpse into Pakistan’s political economy through the lens of a tax policy abnorm i.e. the tax amnesty scheme, 2018. The paper is theoretically anchored in the elitist framework which arguably best explains structural composition of the economy. The paper refines the elitist framework, accentuates its significance, and innovates on it to induct the competing Freudian concepts of “pleasure principle” and “reality principle” to sharpen our understanding of Pakistan’s political economy. It is argued that impending inflows of offshore bank and financial account information of Pakistan resident persons under the OECD’s Multilateral Convention was the main dynamic of the amnestization initiative in which the Supreme Court of Pakistan played the role of the agent provocateur. The empirical results obtained help conclude that the amnestization initiatives have helped proliferate underground economy, and enhance the elitist economic status quo in Pakistan.
Impact of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in ovarian cancer – time for paradigm shift?
Authors: Tato-Varela Sara , Kuhn Walther
Published: August 2019

Ovarian cancer is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the genital tract. Staging procedures for ovarian cancer include longitudinal laparotomy, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and infragastric omentectomy as well as systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. In general, the goal of this primary procedure is to achieve the maximum cytoreduction of all abdominal diseases; a residual disease <1 cm defines optimal cytoreduction, however, a maximal effort should be made to remove all gross disease as this offers superior survival outcomes. The role of lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer has been the focus of gynecological oncologists during recent years. The core issue of the controversy is whether the removal of lymph nodes should be performed only to stage the disease or if the removal itself improves survival. To further comprehend the issue, one must take into account that several studies have shown that systematic lymphadenectomy is associated with a risk of vascular injury, lymph cyst formation, pulmonary embolism and increased post-operative mortality even when performed by surgeons with extensive experience. We present an extensive review of the available literature on the matter, hoping to provide some insight into the true need for such a procedure.
Ovarian and uterine leiomyosarcoma: which one is the primary?
Authors: Shafiee Mohamad Nasir , Kah Teik Chew , Md Zain Reena Rahayu , Kampan Nirmala
Published: August 2019

Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is rare but primary ovarian LMS is even rarer constituting less than 0.1% of all gynecologic disorders. Neither histologic features nor immunohistochemistry could be utilized to distinguish between uterine or ovarian origin. We illustrate a clinical case of metastatic LMS to the ovary in a woman with underlying uterine fibroid presenting with anemia with heavy menses.