bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LEVEL OF SERUM CALCIUM IN HYPO- AND HYPERTHYROIDISM PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, KANPUR
Authors: Yadav Satish Kumar , SINGH SATYAPRAKASH , CHAUDHARY RAJMANGAL
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are two primary pathological conditions that involve thyroid glands. Thyroid dysfunction amends calcium metabolism thereby necessitating regular monitoring of calcium levels.
Aim: The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of the level of serum calcium in hypo- and hyperthyroidism patients at tertiary care hospital Kanpur.
Methods: The Department of Biochemistry carried out this research at RMCH and RC, Kanpur, for 1 year between February 2019 and January 2020. In our study, we have taken 150 patients and classified them into three groups. Each group belonging to 50 subjects in total 100 subjects were suffering from thyroid. The left 50 subjects were normal and used as control for making a better understanding of hyper- and hypothyroidism. After study there thyroid profile and calcium level from the standard method. 5 mL of fasting venous blood sample was collected from each patient. In the present study, following analyses were conducted, thyroid function test (T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) and serum calcium.
Result: Out of 150 samples, in the present investigation, we find that the mean age group was 20–30-year-old patients included. Which number was higher in the group 1st (hyperthyroidism.) and 2nd group patients belonging 20–30 years but our value also indicated the same number in the age group 41–50-year hypothyroidism, whereas in the control group, we took that maximum age group was 20–30 years old, while investigated hyperthyroid patients, we observed mean value of T3=1.23±0.67, T4=8.15±2.43, TSH=0.16±0.13, and calcium 11.94±0.53. During the investigation of hypothyroidism patients, we find the following values of T3=0.87±0.27, T4=7.53±2.05, TSH=50.93±55.77, and Ca=7.53±0.75.
Conclusion: In our study, we found that serum calcium is affected by the thyroid hormones. Whenever there are any thyroid hormone disturbances, alterations in the levels of serum calcium should be looked for to prevent any abnormalities from occurring.
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO COMPARE SPINAL ANESTHESIA-INDUCED HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES IN NORMOTENSIVE AND HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS ON ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS
Authors: DOHARE SONIYA , VATSALYA TRIPTI , MEHROTRA SHIKHA
Published: February 2024

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a popular and widely used anesthetic technique for lower abdominal, pelvic, and lower limb surgery. It has proven to be a convenient, economical, and easily motivated technique that provides excellent anesthesia and post-operative analgesia. Hypotension and bradycardia occur frequently following spinal anesthesia due to blockade of sympathetic outflow. Antihypertensive agents decrease this effect by controlling blood pressure. There are conflicting reports on the continuation of antihypertensive drugs on the day of surgery in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Sudden hypotension could have detrimental effect on the organ systems. This study was undertaken to compare the spinal anesthesia-induced hemodynamic changes in normotensive and in hypertensive patients on antihypertensive therapy.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology, Gandhi Medical College, and associated Hamidia Hospital Bhopal during January 2019–July 2020. It was an observational study conducted on 100 patients of ASA Grade 2 and Grade 3 in the age group between 35 and 60 years. Undergoing lower limb surgery under spinal anesthesia, patients were allocated into two groups: Group N (n=50) normotensive and Group H (n=50) hypertensive patients receiving antihypertensive medication.
Results: Incidence of hypotension was significantly higher in Group II patients. Single episode of hypotension was seen in 12 (24.0%) patients in Group I and 33 (66.0%) in Group II patients respectively. Three episodes of hypotension were seen in 3 (6.0%) Group I and 4 (8.0%) Group II patients, respectively. The frequency of administration of mephentermine was 2 times more significant in Group II who required treatment with mephentermine more than twice as compared to Group I (p=0.001). There was statistically no significant difference found in mean Heart rate between Group I (normotensive) and Group II (hypertensive), respectively (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Antihypertensive medications decreased the incidence of hypotension by controlling blood pressure but their varying effects on the cardiovascular system might alter the hemodynamics during the initial phase of subarachnoid block. We found that patients on antihypertensive therapy (calcium channel blockers) had increased incidence of intraoperative hypotension after SAB and when compared to normotensive patients required vasopressors more often to maintain normal blood pressure.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPTICAL BIOMETRY AND IMMERSION A-SCAN ULTRASOUND IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PHACOEMULSIFICATION WITH FOLDABLE INTRAOCULAR LENS IMPLANTATION SURGERY
Authors: DONGARE SUMIT DILIP , JOSHI AJIT KAMALAKAR , PACHAURI NISARG
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare optical biometry with immersion A-scan ultrasound biometry in terms of axial length (AL) and post-operative refractive error by assessing 1-month post-operative refraction in patients undergoing phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation surgery.
Methods: The study was carried out in the Ophthalmology Department of Bharati Vidyapeeth (Demeed to be University) Medical College and Hospital Sangli, from November 2019 to April 2021. A total of 60 eyes of 60 patients were included in the study. All patients underwent both techniques of biometry, namely, optical and immersion A-scan biometry. Mean AL was calculated and compared between the two methods. Then patients were divided into two groups: Group A and Group B; randomization was done on the basis of odd and even numbers. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with foldable IOL implantation surgery and followed up on 1 week and then on 1 month. All patients were operated by single surgeon and a single technique was used. Actual post-operative refractive error, that is, mean of spherical equivalent was compared between two groups on 1-month follow-up.
Results: At 1-month follow-up, actual post-operative refractive error was obtained after calculating spherical equivalent for all the patients and we found that, the mean of actual post-operative refractive error for Group A was higher (−0.371±0.24 D) compared to Group B (−0.264±0.16 D) and the comparison was statistically significant (p=0.049).
Conclusion: Optical biometry is slightly more accurate than ultrasound biometry, in terms of accuracy and reproducibility of the IOL power calculation, but ultrasound biometry is adequate in case optical biometry is unavailable.
Del plástico al barro. Los objetos rituales de las ofrendas para los aires
Authors: Juárez Becerrill Alicia María
Published: February 2024

Cambios y continuidades suceden en todos los procesos sociales y culturales, incluso en donde están involucradas las prácticas rituales, que se modifican debido a las necesidades de las comunidades. El ritual a los aires que se lleva a cabo cada mes de mayo en San Andrés de la Cal, Morelos, para pedir agua y buenas cosechas ha ido cambiando con el paso del tiempo. Pareciera que, por los tiempos que se viven de globalización y contaminación ambiental, se apoderarían de los materiales para las ofrendas en dicha localidad, sin embargo, esto ya ha terminado. Los jóvenes han aportado nuevas ideas para concientizar el uso de plástico y material desechable en las ofrendas. En este sentido, ellos han considerado que volver a utilizar el barro para elaborar algunos objetos revitaliza la idea original y ancestral de las ofrendas: pedir por el agua, alejar los malos vientos, solicitar los mantenimientos y las semillas primigenias. Es así que la memoria oral se ha nutrido de nuevas acciones emprendedoras que crean una conciencia de los pueblos acerca del cuidado de sus entornos naturales y su legado cultural.
Salió a bailar Lucifer, no canten ‘A lo divino’.
Authors: García Baeza Roberto Rivelino
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo hace un repaso por las características generales del “diablo folclórico” de relatos de ficción y cómo este carácter se encuentra en coplas tradicionales, y, retomando ciertas particularidades, se contrastan con las características del diablo en relatos que tienen una noción de verdad como la anécdota. Se toma un caso, el son “El buscapiés”, para ejemplificar la relación que guardan los relatos de tradición oral en torno al fandango y el diablo y cómo influye en la creación de coplas para este son.
Critical constitutionalism: ideas for constitutional transition in the post COVID-19 era
Authors: Valadés Diego
Published: February 2024

Crises expose the intimacies of power. The pandemic was no exception; we all witnessed the mistakes made. The pandemic was a laboratory that made it possible to observe the responses of power on a global scale. The different ways of reacting to the same phenomenon became perceptible; it was possible to notice the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the institutions and the mood of the leaders. In the case of Mexico, many aspects of institutional life, analyzed in the media, in the academic world and among people aware of and interested in the processes of power, became topics of daily life in the entire country. The way political power is exercised became perceptible to everyone.
An Analytical Study of the Growth of Loan Schemes in HDFC Bank
Authors: Rai Dr. Supriya
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This study conducts an in-depth analysis of the growth trajectory of loan schemes within HDFC Bank, a leading player in the banking industry. Through an exploration of the diverse loan products offered by the bank, their performance metrics, and the strategic drivers behind their expansion, this research aims to unveil the key factors contributing to the successful growth of HDFC Bank's loan portfolio. Utilizing a combination of quantitative data analysis, case studies, and expert insights, this study provides a comprehensive perspective on the strategies and elements propelling the sustained growth of loan schemes at HDFC Bank
Decoding Tomorrows Biotechnology: AI and Machine Learning Unveiled
Authors: Thikare Vijay P. , Pathak Prutha S.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This review paper explores the impact of AI and ML on biotechnology, focusing on drug discovery, protein prediction, automation, and ethics.AI and ML are transforming drug discovery by automating tasks, identifying new drug targets, and designing more effective drugs. AI-powered languages and functional genomics are being used to accelerate drug discovery processes. AI tools such as AlphaFold are being used to predict protein structures and functions. Biotechnology automation is being used to improve efficiency in laboratory settings. The use of AI and ML in biotechnology raises ethical and regulatory concerns. It is important to find the potential risks and benefits of this technology before it is widely adopted
Boas práticas de manipulação de pescados e condições microbiológicas no pré-operacional em um mercado de peixes
Authors: Lopes Rodrigues Simone Aparecida , Loureiro Vânia , Dos Anjos Caivano Simone
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Seafoods are very nutritious foods, but also highly susceptible to contamination. Once contaminated, they can be agents that transmit diseases to humans. Thus, the fish trade must pay great attention to hygienic-sanitary processes to ensure these foods safety and the consumers health. Objective: Evaluate the good practices of seafoods handling and the microbiological conditions in the pre-operational period in a fish market, located in the city of Santos-SP, Brazil, according to the requirements proposed in the ordinance of the Center for Sanitary Vigilance number 5 of 2013. Method: This cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, covered a total of 13 seafoods boxes. It was carried out through a technical visit where the “Route of Inspection of Good Practices in Commercial Establishments of Food and Food Services” was applied, imposed by the CVS-5 ordinance of 2013, and collections of samples on contact surfaces and handlers’ hands for analyses of mesophilic aerobic bacteria. Results: Good practices of seafoods handling were considered appropriate; food safety performance varied between 47.2% and 70.8%, and pre-operational hygiene conditions were considered satisfactory for contact surfaces and  unsatisfactory for handlers’ hands. Conclusions: It can be concluded that good fish handling practices are appropriate, but the microbiological conditions in the pre-operational phase are satisfactory for contact surfaces and unsatisfactory for handlers’ hands.
Determinación de la edad de transición de madera juvenil a madura y de sus valores elasto-resistentes en Pinus contorta
Authors: Refort María Mercedes , Acuña Luis , Monteoliva Silvia , Mateo Camila , Charlot Perle , Palazzini Dino , Pagano Cristian , Gabriel Keil , Spavento Eleana
Published: February 2024

El porcentaje de madera juvenil en coníferas de crecimiento rápido es un factor determinante de las propiedades básicas, ya que su proporción aumenta a medida que disminuye la edad de rotación. Dicha madera se caracteriza por presentar menor longitud y espesor de pared de traqueidas y mayor ángulo micro-fibrilar, lo cual se traduce en menor densidad y propiedades elasto-resistentes más bajas. Para delimitar la edad transición de madera (juvenil-madura) se realiza el análisis radial de algunas de las características mencionadas. La importancia de establecer dicha edad, radica en la estimación de los volúmenes de ambos tipos de madera, su calidad y potencialidad de uso. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la edad de transición y comparar sus valores elasto-resistentes en Pinus contorta (lodgepole). Se trabajó con 9 muestras de 35 años, radios norte y sur para estudios anatómicos, y madera juvenil y madura para ensayos físico mecánicos. Las edades de transición resultaron entre los 12 y 16,5 años, dirección norte y sur, respectivamente. Las variables anatómicas, físicas y mecánicas se diferenciaron significativamente, siendo mayores en la madera madura. A fin de generar una base de datos de esta especie para la región, se sugiere continuar con estudios similares en otros sitios.
إدارة الجودة: دراسة في المفاهيم والدلالات من منظور إسلامي QUALITY MANAGEMENT: A STUDY OF CONCEPTS AND SEMANTICS FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Elzoubi Omar Ali , Khan Issa , Mohd Balwi Mohd Abdul Wahab Fatoni bin
Published: February 2024

There are many quality models around the world, and all of them originated and developed according to the western perspective of management, which seems to be a major challenge facing management in Islamic thought. This is what made the research seeks to address the problem of setting a conception of the Islamic concept of quality management. Therefore, this paper aimed to establish the concept of quality and semantics at the institutional level in line with the Islamic perspective. The paper relied on descriptive and content analysis approaches to access the extrapolation and analysis of the jurisprudential literature in order to build a perception of quality from the Islamic perspective. This paper concluded that there is a clear difference between traditional management and Islamic management, this difference made the adoption of traditional quality models become a great challenge for Islamic institutions. The philosophy of work in Islam goes beyond the goal in achieving customer satisfaction, to strive to obtain the satisfaction of Allah through, His worship and following ihsān in the work. Accordingly, the researchers recommended the necessity of building the Islamic quality model that is consistent with the Islamic model of management.
INTEGRITI DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR MUSLIM DI IPTA: SATU TINJAUAN AWAL INTEGRITY AMONG MUSLIM STUDENTS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES: A PRELIMINARY REVIEW
Authors: Eusope Noraeyn , Ghani Azmi Ilhaamie binti Abdul
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this preliminary review is to evaluate the effectiveness of the research instrument in identifying the level of academic and social integrity among the Muslim IPTA students in Malaysia. The quantitative study was conducted by using digital questionnaires. The study instruments were adapted from the studies of Anis Yusal (2017), Arieff Salleh Rosman et al, (2008), Nur Hafizah Yusoff (2019), Norhasilah Mat Nor (2012) and Nor Wahida (2018). Data were collected from 30 university students from various disciplines. The analysis was done by using software of IBM Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 26. The value for the Alpha Cronbach is 0.756. The analysis of data on demographic of the respondents and integrity were done using the descriptive and frequency test. For integrity, the study showed that majority of the students understand the concept of integrity. However, most of them had committed some academic integrity misconduct. As for social integrity, some agreed to several social values which are against the noble values in integrity. This contrasting finding is a concern and need to be addressed accordingly by virtue of deeper understanding on Islam as a way of life and becoming a highly integrity person. In the perspective of Islam, integrity is the value in oneself which is in line with the nature of trust, honesty, faith, strong belief, strict adherence to Islamic rules and noble manners.
THE FINANCIAL CRISIS AND COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SOUTH ASIA: POVERTY ALLEVIATION POLICY FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Mostofa , Haji Abdullah Luqman , Ikhlas Rosele Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Nearly 700 million people of the world’s population subsist under ruthless poverty that causes significant struggle in attaining basic needs. A well-built financial strength, fair distribution and growth of wealth are indispensable to nullify those obstacles. Sustainable development is the fundamental trail for socio-economic steadiness. The COVID-19 outbreak has adversely affected global financial growth and placed a rigorous challenge to achieve sustainable development sticking multiple jeopardizes with the possible high unemployment rate and the poverty line bulge. Maslaha being the core concept of Islam protects wealth as of necessity to alleviate poverty and helical financial growth in people’s lives that authenticate sustainable progress. Islam hence advocates a bunch of profound alternatives to exile poverty and ensure sustainable development. The article aims to propose policies through the installation of Islamic financial tools to get rid of the poverty caused by the COVID-19 financial crisis in South Asia. Hence, the expected findings from the article would be the Islamic mechanisms of COVID-19 poverty eradication which are sustainable and value-structured.
Board oversight: Required ESG for public companies in Europe
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn , Xu Tracy
Published: February 2024

Boards of directors now have a powerful monitoring guidance from the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) to assess the required environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting and performance of their European public companies. Boards can now assess whether their companies are committed to ESG efforts or just greenwashing, i.e., just making commitments or pledges without any substantial subsequent performance. The main purpose of this paper is to examine and propose how boards of directors can oversee and facilitate this sustainability transition toward mandatory European ESG reporting. In the existing literature, there are currently no research papers that address this topic which is developing so rapidly. Boards of directors could also help assess if such ESG sustainability requirements are aligning with and delivering value to shareholders, customers, employees, communities, and other stakeholders. Future research could investigate these board responsibilities with case studies or empirical studies, especially to see if ESG reporting is becoming relevant and valuable.
Does Internal Competition among Audit Partners Affect Audit Pricing Decisions?
Authors: Choi Ahrum , Choi Sunhwa , Yu Jaeyoon
Published: February 2024

This study examines whether competitive pressure from peers within a local office (i.e., internal competition) affects audit partners’ audit pricing decisions. Using U.S. audit partner data from 2016 to 2022, we find that audit partners respond to internal competition by charging their clients lower audit fees. The effect is more pronounced for initial audit engagements, in more competitive local audit markets, and when peers share similar personal attributes, such as sex and experience. However, the effect is weaker for industry specialist audit partners. We also find evidence that internal competition is negatively associated with audit quality for non-Big 4 clients. Overall, this study provides initial evidence of the effect of internal competition among audit partners on audit outcomes.
A Commentary on the Silicon Valley Bank Debacle
Authors: Grossman Amanda M. , Grossman Steven D. , Crumbley D. Larry
Published: February 2024

KPMG issued its audit report for the parent company of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), SVB Financial Group, on February 24, 2023, and the bank’s assets were taken over by Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation regulators on March 10. Although depositors began fleeing SVB in February, deposits declined by 13 percent during the preceding fiscal year. SVB invested substantially in long-term government bonds, whose value plummeted due to significant Federal Reserve interest rate increases, and the classification of the securities prevented their conversion to cash to meet depositor demands. Alongside explaining management and regulatory failings that led to SVB’s collapse, this paper formulates an argument of possible alternative actions the auditor could have pursued during the audit or upon release of its audit report. Due to inaction, KPMG may hinder its ability to defend against current litigation.
Does Student Engagement Impact Learning Differently in Face-to-Face and Virtual Accounting Classes?
Authors: Meade Janet A. , Parthasarathy Kiran
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates how student engagement impacts learning in face-to-face and virtual classes. Our setting is an introductory financial accounting course taught by three instructors face-to-face in fall 2019 and virtually in fall 2021. Our proxy for student engagement is the accuracy of responses to in-class group polling questions. We measure learning using final exam scores. We hypothesize and find that higher levels of student engagement resulted in better scores on the final exam in both the face-to-face and virtual classes but that over the course of the semester engagement declined faster in the virtual classes than in the face-to-face classes. We also find that the decline in engagement contributed to lower final exam scores in the virtual classes relative to the face-to-face classes. Taken together, these findings highlight some of the challenges faced by educators when delivering content virtually.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.
Community Social Capital and Accounting Conservatism
Authors: Li-Kuehne Michelle , Mwaungulu Emmanuel , Subedi Meena
Published: February 2024

The combination of peer pressure and who you know in our society can be powerfully influential. Likewise, firms headquartered in high social capital locations can exhibit associated economic outcomes and financial qualities. Our study examines the impact of a critical firm-level qualitative characteristic, community social capital, on firm accounting conservatism. The results of our research show firms headquartered in areas of high community social capital tend to exhibit less accounting conservatism. These findings suggest high community social capital mitigates issues related to contracting efficiency, social disciplinary instruments, and information asymmetry, reducing the corporate impetus for using accounting conservatism. We apply alternative proxies for community social capital, and further robustness analyses include entropy balance matching and instrumental variable regressions. Our study extends and complements literature investigating the effects of various firm-specific traits affecting accounting conservatism and contributes to research examining the effect of community social capital on corporate policies.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: A13; D91; M14; M41; Z13.
Mortality associated with the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in septic acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Lee Jinwoo , Song Jeongin , Kim Seong Geun , Yun Donghwan , Kang Min Woo , Kim Dong Ki , Oh Kook-Hwan , Joo Kwon Wook , Kim Yon Su , Han Seung Seok , Kim Yong Chul
Published: February 2024

Background: Sepsis is an important cause of acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients, accounting for 15% to 20% of renal replacement therapy prescriptions. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of systemic inflammation and immune response, was previously associated with the mortality rate in multiple conditions. Herein, we aimed to examine how the NLR relates to the mortality rate in septic acute kidney injury patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Methods: The NLRs of 6 and 18 were used for dividing NLRs into three groups and, thus, were set higher than those in previous studies accounting for steroid use in sepsis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios of mortality outcomes before and after matching their propensity scores. Results: A total of 798 septic acute kidney injury patients requiring CRRT were classified into three NLR groups (low, <6 [n = 277]; medium, ≥6 and <18 [n = 115], and high, ≥18 [n = 406], respectively). The in-hospital mortality rates per group were 83.4%, 74.8%, and 70.4%, respectively (p < 0.001). Per the univariable Cox survival analysis after propensity score matching, a high NLR was related to approximately 24% reduced mortality. The survival benefit of the high NLR group compared with the other two groups remained consistent across all subgroups, showing any p for interactions of >0.05. Conclusion: A high NLR is associated with better clinical outcomes, such as low mortality, in septic acute kidney injury patients undergoing CRRT.
Comparison between characteristics of immunoglobulin M nephropathy and other glomerular diseases
Authors: Yun Giae , Kwon Eun Jeong , Park Seokwoo , Jeong Jong Cheol , Kim Sejoong , Na Ki Young , Chin Ho Jun
Published: February 2024

Background: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) nephropathy (IgMN) is characterized by the IgM deposition in the kidney’s mesangium. We assessed the impact of electron-dense deposits (EDDs) on IgMN and compared it to other kidney diseases. Methods: We enrolled 63 adult patients with IgMN who underwent renal biopsy from May 2003 to June 2017. We compared clinicopathological features of IgMN based on EDD presence; compared characteristics to 91 minimal change disease (MCD), 103 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and 469 immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients. Renal events were defined as a >50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), eGFR of <15 mL/min/1.73 m2, or end-stage renal disease development. Results: IgMN patients with EDDs had increased mesangial cellularity, matrix accumulation, prominent immunofluorescent staining, and more diffuse podocyte effacement than those without EDD. Clinical characteristics and renal outcomes did not differ significantly based on EDD presence. During 79.5 ± 58.8 months of follow-up, renal events developed in 46.2% and 46.0% of IgMN cases with and without EDD. IgMN (46.0%) and FSGS cases (40.8%) had similar frequencies of renal events and higher frequency than MCD (18.7%) or IgAN cases (26.4%). IgMN cases had more severe manifestations than MCD and IgAN; higher blood pressure, lower proteinuria, and eGFR levels at biopsy than MCD cases; higher blood pressure, proteinuria, frequency of acute kidney injury, and lower eGFR levels. Conclusion: Clinical characteristics of IgMN did not differ based on EDD presence. Therefore, IgMN should be defined based on IF findings. IgMN shared clinical characteristics with FSGS but had more severe than MCD and IgAN.
Vehicle Exhausts Emission Pattern Decisions for Logistic Services and Packing Industries with Orthogonal Array-Based Rough Set Theory
Authors: Agada Alexander Iwodi , Oke Sunday Ayoola , Rajan John , Jose Swaminathan , Benrajesh Pandiaraj , Oyetunji Elkanah Olaosebikan , Adedeji Kasali Aderinmoye
Published: February 2024

Precise monitoring of vehicle emissions in green logistics, focusing on the contributions of vehicles from packing industries, is crucial for many issues. It helps to understand the total emissions and gain insights into the mechanism of vehicle-associated environmental concerns. Notwithstanding, a key issue when monitoring vehicle emissions is the effective discrimination problem for different patterns generated from the parameters. Data from the packing industry are available from distribution networks but its pattern cannot be discriminated. Given this background, this article presents a new method of the orthogonal array-based rough set to discern patterns of the parametric behaviors to monitor emissions from vehicle exhausts in the packing industry. The proposed method is based on an Indian logistics network and delivery system data, which was obtained from previous work in the literature. By setting controls on the parameters of the packing industry which includes revenue obtained, packing units sold, growth rate, carbon-dioxide equivalent, materials utilized, and quantity consumed, the method was able to discern the patterns of the parametric behavior. The orthogonal arrays, which are developed, form factors (parameters) and levels to ascertain a balanced and uniform analysis of the various groups of options. Indiscernibility and approximation concepts of fuzzy sets are then applied to arrive at the outcome. Unlike previous studies, this study eliminates the need for tracking data, assumptions, and external information to establish the set membership. However, it utilizes the available information within the data. The rough set analysis indicates that there are no discernable patterns or rules that distinguish between "Yes" and "No" decisions. The method of rough set illustrated in this work shows the feasibility of the approach in the Indian packing industry. The method is useful for the logistics manager and government agencies responsible for the control of vehicle-generated greenhouse emissions.
Elemental Composition of A Cultivated Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and Some Wild Mushroom Species
Authors: YILDIZ Sibel , DOĞAN Hasan Hüseyin , GÜRGEN Ayşenur , ÇEVİK Uğur
Published: February 2024

In the study, a cultivation mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and some wild mushroom species (Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lactarius deliciosus, Hebeloma sinapizans, Hygrophorus ligatus, Suillus luteus, Armillaria mellea, Coprinus comatus, Psathyrella candolleana, Russula torulosa, Trametes pubescens) were investigated in terms of elemental compositions. The wild mushroom species were collected from Trabzon province. Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, I, Hf, Hg, Pb metal concentrations were determined using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) device. The highest aliminium, silicium, vanadium, zirconium, iron and mercury were determined in Lactarius deliciosus. The highest potassium, arsenic, rubidium, iodine contents were determined in Hebeloma sinapizans. The highest manganese, zinc, lead contents were determined in Hygrophorus ligatus. The highest magnesium, chromium, nickel, yttrium contents were determined in Coprinus comatus. The highest titanium and selenium were determined in Psathyrella candolleana. The highest calcium and strontium were determined in Russula torulosa. The highest hafnium was determined in Schizophyllum commune. The highest phosphate was determined in Agaricus bisporus. The highest sulphur was determined in Armilleria mella. The highest copper was determined in Suillus lutesus. It was concluded that elemental composition of mushrooms was affected especially by mushroom specie.
Comparison of the Effect of Ondansetron and Dexamethasone on Postoperative Shivering After Cesarean Section in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad Saleh , Razlighi Negar Vakili , Razlighi Hadi Vakili
Published: February 2024

Background: Shivering is one of the most common problems after spinal anesthesia, which can cause many complications. Various methods and drugs have been used to prevent and treat postoperative shivering. In the present study, the pretreatment effect of ondansetron and dexamethasone in reducing the incidence of shivering after elective caesarean section by the spinal method has been investigated.
Methods: In this study, 78 patients undergoing elective cesarean surgery who were eligible to enter the study were evaluated and randomly divided into two groups: 8mg of ondansetron and 4mg of dexamethasone 15 minutes before the end of surgery. Then, the incidence of shivering was measured at specific time intervals after surgery. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.
Results: The two groups were similar in terms of age, height, weight, and BMI (p-value > 0.05). The incidence of shivering at the time of entering the recovery, 10, 20, and 30 minutes in the ondansetron group was 23.1%, 20.5%, 12.8% and 0% and in the dexamethasone, group was 20.5%, 15.4%, 5.2% and 0%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that these differences are not significant at the significance level of 0.05. These two drugs have the same effectiveness in controlling shivering after cesarean section under spinal anesthesia (p-value > 0.05).
Conclusion: Dexamethasone and ondansetron will be able to control shivering after caesarean section with spinal anesthesia.
A study of macroeconomic variables that effected employment in the United States from 1948 to 2021
Authors: Reid Littlejohn
Published: February 2024

The paper provides an analysis of important U.S. macroeconomic variables that effect aggregate employment. The paper seeks to answer the question “What are the deter¬minants of changes in aggregate employment in the United States of America (U.S.)?” This is an important research topic because significant increases in unemployment can have a profound effect on an entire society, not just on its unemployed workers. When employment declines, public health declines, crime increases, suicides increase, and public revenues decrease. This paper uses quarterly data from 1948-2021 to estimate the effect of important macroeconomic variables on aggregate employment. The macroeconomic variables include personal consumption expenditures, U.S. federal government expenditures, nominal GNP, international trade (imports plus exports), M3 money stock, the mini-mum wage level, non-residential fixed investment, non-manufacturing employment, and U.S. federal tax receipts.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ABIOTIC FACTORS TO THE ABUNDANCE OF BEACH MORNING GLORY (IPOMOEA PES-CAPRAE) BETWEEN TWO BEACH LOCATIONS
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus, SAPAR NUR FITRYANIE , NATIN PATRICIA ,   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus
Published: February 2024

The beach morning glory is utilized as traditional medicine by the public but studies about this plant are still lacking. This study aims to identify the effect of soil organic matter (SOM) and heavy metal concentration on the distribution and abundance of the beach morning glory between Lok Kawi Beach and Teluk Likas Beach in Sabah. Sampling was conducted in August 2020, prior to the implementation of Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO). The field work experimental design for the sampling was based on line transect and quadrat sampling method. The plant abundance was determined by using the quadrat (point-intercept method). The soil organic matter was analysed by using the Loss on Ignition (LOI) method and the heavy metals concentration was analysed by using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the mean abundance of beach morning glory was higher in Teluk Likas Beach than in Lok Kawi Beach (p = 0.001). For the mean Lead (Pb) concentration, it was higher in Lok Kawi Beach than in Teluk Likas Beach (p = 0.01). The mean of soil organic matter (p = 0.88), zinc (Zn) (p = 0.12) and copper (Cu) (p = 0.54) did not differ much between both locations. For the correlation, the abundance of beach morning glory was not affected by the heavy metals’ concentration (Pb, Zn and Cu). The relative abundance of beach morning glory was not affected by the SOM and heavy metals concentration. Further research is needed to determine its bioactive compounds and efficacy.
CITRA DAN CABARAN PERIBAHASA MELAYU DALAM MELESTARIKAN ETOS DAN PERADABAN BANGSA
Authors:   ACIS UiTM Caw. Terengganu, Kampus Dungun, 23000, Dungun, Terengganu, AWANG AZARUDIN , ISMAIL CHE ZUINA , ABU BAKAR RUBIAH ,   ACIS, UiTM Caw. Terengganu, Kampus Kuala Terengganu, 21080 Chendering, K. Terengganu
Published: February 2024

Peribahasa merupakan ekspresi masyarakat Melayu lama terhadap fenomena kehidupan yang berlaku di sekelilingnya pada masa dahulu. Realitinya budaya yang diwarisi sekian lama ini hanya kerap kali digunakan dalam majlis-majlis perasmian dan perkahwinan serta disampaikan dalam bentuk dendangan lagu. Kurangnya menghayati peribahasa Melayu dalam kalangan golongan muda di Malaysia khususnya kerana mereka tidak begitu melihat fungsi peribahasa dalam kehidupan semasa. Justeru, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan citra peribahasa dalam membangunkan etos dan peradaban bangsa Melayu. Selanjutnya melihat cabaran pada masa kini yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Melayu dalam memartabatkan peribahasa dalam rutin kehidupan. Penyelidik melakukan kajian dokumentasi iaitu kajian ke atas teks, tulisan, jurnal dan makalah yang lepas khususnya dari aspek peranan bagi mendapat maklumat berkaitan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan peribahasa mempunyai peranan yang tersendiri dalam memacu pembangunan etos dan peradaban bangsa Melayu sejak zaman-berzaman. Antara peranannya adalah sebagai medium menyampaikan pengajaran, teguran secara berhikmah, memperteguhkan adat Melayu berpaksikan kepada syarak, memotivasikan diri dan merangsang ke arah permuafakatan hidup. Tegasnya kajian ini penting, kerana ia mampu memberi maklumat awal tentang peri penting pembelajaran peribahasa khususnya kepada generasi muda agar warisan ini tidak akan lenyap ditelan zaman.
DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, STRESS, AND SATISFACTION WITH DAILY OCCUPATION AMONG CAREGIVER OF ELDERLY DIABETIC PATIENT
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, IBRAHIM FARRAH SHAFEERA , ANAK LINTAU STANLEY ,   Centre of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, ILIAS KARTINI ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, MUNIANNDY NALEENA DEVI ,   Centre of Dietetics Study, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, ISA SITI NOR ISMALINA ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, A SAGHIR FATMA S. ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, MOHD NATAR AHMAD KAMAL ,   Centre of Dietetics Study, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor
Published: February 2024

A caregiver is a person who is taking care of a sick or dependent individual. The caregiving process would involve numerous tasks like helping the patients with daily activities, supervising medications, and arranging medical appointments. The demand and multiple roles as caregivers might lead them to experience depression, anxiety, and stress. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and relationship of depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with daily occupation among the caregivers of elderly diabetic patients. This study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 139 participants who were the caregivers of elderly diabetic patients consented to participate in this study. The results indicated a low percentage of caregivers with a high level of depression, anxiety, and stress, and low level of satisfaction with daily occupation. There was a significant strong negative relationship between satisfaction with daily occupation with depression (r = -0.806), anxiety (r = -0.764), and stress (r = -0.770). The more complications of the patients have a significant fair, positive correlation with depression (r = 0.366), anxiety (r = 0.183), and stress (r = 0.384), with a fair negative correlation with satisfaction with daily occupation (r = -0.381) among the caregivers. The findings in this study might open the doors for supporting those caregivers. The positive correlation between depression, anxiety, and stress with complications of the patients that they are taking care of indicates that these caregivers need to be educated on self-care and techniques in coping stress.
NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS EFFECTS ON GROWTH OF Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni UNDER LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED)
Authors:   Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jasin Campus, 77300 Merlimau, Malacca, Malaysia, FUI YING TSAN , IMBUH NGILAH EMMELLY ,   Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jasin Campus, 77300 Merlimau, Malacca, Malaysia, GUNDADON HENDRYNUS ,   Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jasin Campus, 77300 Merlimau, Malacca, Malaysia, JANPEN CHANANCHIDA ,   Atlanta Medicare Co., Ltd., 9 Ram Intra 19 Alley, Anusawari, Bang Khen, 10220 Bangkok, Thailand.
Published: February 2024

Studies on planting of Stevia rebaudiana, an important industrial crop that provides non-caloric sweeteners for the beverage sector, is lacking in an indoor controlled environment. In the present study, using a nutrient film technique, nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) levels needed for S. rebaudiana were determined. The plants were grown under light emitting diodes (LED) at 16h/8h light/darkness photoperiod in an air-conditioned laboratory. The results obtained indicated that in terms of growth performance and leaf production, the half strength Hoagland solution, where N was 100 mg L-1 and P was 15 mg L-1 , enabled the optimum gain in this crop. The results have implications for economic purposes
Customer Incivility and Employee Silence: A Short-Longitudinal Model Relationship and Its Effect on Turnover Intention
Authors: Sugiono Edi , Achmadi Achmadi , Hendryadi Hendryadi , Gustiawan Deni , Gusliana Mais Rimi
Published: February 2024

The main objective of this study is to explore the dynamic relationship between customer incivility and employee silence in the hospitality sector over time. In addition, turnover intention as an outcome of workplace incivility and employee silence is also analyzed. The data was collected from two waves of 226 frontline employees from six hotels to test the proposed model. PLS-SEM analysis revealed a stable relationship between workplace incivility and employee silence at Time 1 and 2, respectively. This study also shows that workplace incivility is positively related to employee silence, and in the future, employee silence is also positively associated with customer incivility. Furthermore, both workplace incivility and employee silence are predictors of turnover intention. This study offers theoretical and practical implications for future researchers and practitioners to study employee silence and incivility in the hospitality sector.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI, EFEKTIVITAS DAN KEMAMPUAN FISKAL PADA ERA OTONOMI DAERAH DI KABUPATEN/KOTA PROPINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Azimi Aulia
Published: February 2024

The method used in this research is comparative method using quantitative. The data source used is secondary data. The results shows that the comparison between efficiency and effectivity from district / city in West Borneo Province in 2006 – 2010 has declining trend and interrelated. While local fiscal capability which is measured from government finance performance shows that its dependence is still high enough because the contribution of fund balance is still above 50%.

Base on the estimation result which is regressed by using EGLS method, it is obtained the result shows that two variables from local finance performance are not significant which are PAD effectivity ratio (REPAD) and local finance dependency ratio (RKetKD), where the estimation result also shows the existence of negative relation but significant to degree of decentralization ratio (RDD). The financial performance of local government still shows dependence on the central government, therefore it must be learn to be independent.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAAN PELANGGAN PADA THE LUXTON HOTEL BANDUNG
Authors: Sesunan Yunia Silvia
Published: February 2024

Service excellent is a key determinant factor to assess whether the services are in accordance with the customer expectation. The Luxton Hotel Bandung required to fulfill the criteria of customer’s decision to become the first chosen by customer. The factors as follows ; tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy . The objectives of this study is to examine the level of customer’s satisfaction towards the services by The Luxton Hotel Bandung. This research conducted by 100 respondent which stay overnight in The  Luxton Hotel Bandung. Based on the result used multiple regression shows that Tangibles (X1), Reliability (X2), Responsiveness (X3), Assurance (X4) and Empathy (X5) significant simultaneously to consumer’s satisfaction. The independent variables affect the customer’s decision to stay at  the hotel shown by the coefficient of determination R2 = 0,653 or 65,30% independent variables affect to customer’s decision to stay at  The Luxton Hotel Bandung and the remaining 34,70% affect by other factors.