bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Penggunaan Obat dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat pada Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas
Authors: Dyahariesti Niken , Yuswantina Richa , Sablon Eflina Devita , Nasinta Yola
Published: August 2023

Hipertensi merupakan suatu penyakit “silent killer” karena gejalanya sering tanpa keluhan dan pengobatannya membutuhkan jangka waktu yang lama sehingga sangat mempengaruhi kepatuhan konsumsi obat. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor utama penyebab gangguan jantung, gagal ginjal maupun penyakit serebrovaskular. Kepatuhan minum obat pada penderita hipertensi sangatlah penting karena dapat mengontrol tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi. Pengukuran pengetahuan menggunakan kuesioner Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale (HK-LS) dan pengukuran kepatuhan dengan kuesioner Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Sampel yang digunakan adalah pasien di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang dan Puskesmas Buntok dengan jumlah sampel 95 orang. Didapatkan hasil untuk tingkat pengetahuan baik 39%, pengetahuan cukup 33% dan pengetahuan kurang 28%. Sedangkan untuk tingkat kepatuhan tinggi 41% dan tingkat kepatuhan sedang 31% dan tingkat pengetahuan rendah 28%. Dan dari uji chi-square di dapat p value <0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahun dan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi.
Batas Deteksi dan Sensitivitas Metode Deteksi Staphylococcus aureus dalam Sediaan Obat
Authors: Aini Nur , Triwibowo Sitoresmi
Published: August 2023

Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri patogen yang dipersyaratkan tidak ada dalam sediaan farmasi. Kontaminasi mikroba dalam sediaan farmasi dapat menginaktifkan aktivitas terapeutik, mempengaruhi stabilitas, efikasi obat, dan menyebabkan infeksi pasien. Metode standar untuk deteksi S.aureus pada produk farmasi mengacu pada Farmakope Indonesia (FI). FI tidak menyatakan batas deteksi dan sensitivitas metode secara umum, sehingga nilai rentang Limit of Detection (LOD) dan sensitivitas metode perlu ditetapkan dalam berbagai matriks yang diuji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai rentang LOD dan sensitivitas metode pengujian S. aureus pada produk obat pengunaan pada kulit, oromukosa, gingival, auricular, vaginal dan oral sesuai FI. Deteksi S. aureus telah dilakukan terhadap sembilan produk obat yang mewakili enam matrik sediaan yang dicemari dengan S. aureus ATCC 6538 pada tiga tingkat konsentrasi ±1, ±3, dan ±5 koloni per g atau mL sampel. nilai rentang LOD dan sensitivitas metode ditetapkan dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Metode deteksi S. aureus sesuai farmakope dapat mendeteksi S. aureus dalam 9 sediaan obat dengan batas deteksi antara 1-3 koloni per g atau mL sampel dengan sensitivitas 100%. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan nilai LOD pada proses validasi/verifikasi metode deteksi S. aureus dalam produk obat oleh laboratorium untuk menjamin keabsahan metode yang digunakan.
Diabetic Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Activities of Gels Melastoma malabathricum L. and Psidium guajava L. in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Refdanita Refdanita , Maigoda Tonny Cortis , Firdaus Firdaus , Nisak Barakatun , Teodhora Teodhora
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease characterized by abnormalities in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolisms. This research was aimed at the gel’s pharmacological activity, the extract’s potential in treating diabetic wounds in male rats of Melastoma malabathricum L leaves (ML) and Psidium guajava L leaves (PL), as well as microbiological activity. Viscous extracts of ML and PL were prepared in gel dosage form with concentrations of 4% and 6%. Clindamycin was used as a positive control. This study was conducted using an experimental laboratory method, and the study population included white male rats. The pharmacological activity was tested in the form of a gel dosage formula, and the rats were made diabetic using alloxan. The potential of the extract was observed in healing diabetic wounds in male rats. ML and PL leaf extract gels affect wound healing in diabetic patients. This can be seen from the change in diameter. Wound swab examination revealed the presence of bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Secondary metabolites of flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and saponins help stimulate the regeneration of epithelial cells and tissues. The results for wound healing of 4% and 6% gel formulations were derived from maturation data on day 10.
Evaluation Anti-Acne Gel Combination of Ethanol Extract of Cayenne Pepper Leaves and Ethanol Extract of Soursop Leaf
Authors: Setiyono Dimas , Prayoga Deden Mulya , Kusuma Herlan Budi , Febrina Dina
Published: August 2023

Acne is a skin disease that usually occurs near adulthood. Acne is caused by several bacteria namely Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, and Staphylococcus aureus. The alternative acne treatment uses cayenne pepper leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.). The research aimed to find out the best formulation and activity of the ethanol extract gel of cayenne pepper leaves combined with the ethanol extract of soursop leaves as an inhibitor for acne-causing bacteria. This research is an experimental research type with 3 formulation designs, each of which was made with concentrations of ethanol extract from cayenne pepper leaves and ethanol extract from soursop leaves, namely F1 (1% and 1%), F2 (3% and 3%), and F3 (5 % and 5%), then tested the physical properties, antibacterial test and physical stability test of the preparation then analyzed the data with one-way ANOVA p-value <0.05. The results showed that the gel preparations were stable in terms of organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity, while there was a change in pH after the physical stability test using the cycling test method. The F2 gel preparation had the best bacterial inhibition, namely Staphylococcus aureus of 10.83 mm. Then the F3 gel preparation best inhibited Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria by 9.56 mm and Propionibacterium acnes by 10.4 mm.
Drug Use Patterns during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study at Persahabatan General Hospital
Authors: Nurhayati Fitri , Andriyanto Dendhi Bagus , Putri Fadhila , Puspitasari Rara Merinda
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic condition has encouraged healthcare practitioners to adapt and constantly work to meet the needs of those who require healthcare, including medication supply. This study aims to provide the drug use patterns prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the drug use patterns of 10 fast-moving drugs obtained through purposive sampling, as well as all medications listed in COVID-19 guideline therapy at Persahabatan general hospital. The drug use data was derived from the quarterly data from 2019 through the second quarter of 2021. The result showed that there was an increase and variation in the sampled drug usage. The top-ranking classes that have shown an upward trend during the COVID-19 pandemic were Vitamin C 500 mg tablet, Vitamin C 200 mg injection, and Vitamin D3 5000 UI tablet. Meanwhile, non-COVID-19 medicines with reduced use include Cefotaxime 1 g, Cefixime 200 mg, and Docetaxel 20 mg. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the drug utilization continuously and as frequently as feasible throughout the pandemic and plan in stages. Forecasting demand for medicines is essential for an effective medicinessupply chain, in particular in a pandemic context to avoid shortages or overstock.
Potential of The Tyrosinase Enzyme Inhibition by Standardized Ethanol Extract And Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bengkoang Peel (Pachyrhizus erosus L.)
Authors: Hakim Zainur Rahman , Djamil Ratna , Yantih Novi , Sanasih Ocitania , Iskandar Benny
Published: August 2023

This study examined the tyrosinase inhibitory potential of bengkoang peel standardised ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fractions. 450 g of bengkoang peel powder (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) was macerated with 96% ethanol for 2 x 24 h, filtered, and concentrated till viscous. Extract standardisation uses specific and non-specific parameters. Microplate colorimetric tyrosinase inhibition assays were performed. The result of plant determination identified the bengkoang peel as Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. The organoleptic test revealed a brownish-yellow viscous extract, fresh smell, and bitter taste. Ethanol-soluble extract was 47.60% and water-soluble 22.42%. Bengkoang peel ethanolic extract includes alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. The non-specific parameters showed loss of drying (9.71%), water content (7.28%), total ash (9.91%), acid-insoluble ash (3.68%), no residual solvent content, lead content (-0.2324±0.1729), cadmium content (-0.0841±0.3418), TPC of 1 x 101 CFU/g, and TYMC of 2.26 x 102 CFU/g. The ethanol extract (103.9263) and ethyl acetate fraction (81.8606) IC50 values of bengkoang peel decrease tyrosinase enzyme activity compared to control (25.1235 ppm). These results show that the ethanol extract met both particular and non-specific quality standards. Bengkoang peel ethyl acetate inhibited tyrosinase.
On modules over the mod 2 Steenrod algebra and hit problems
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng
Published: August 2023

We will look at the binary field $\mathbb F_2$.  The classical "hit problem" in algebraic topology, which is widely considered to be an important and fascinating open problem that has yet to be resolved, asks for a minimal set of generators for the polynomial algebra, $\mathcal P_m:=\mathbb F_2[x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_m]$, on $m$ variables $x_1, \ldots, x_m$, each of which has degree one, regarded as a connected unstable module over the 2-primary Steenrod algebra $\mathscr A.$ The algebra $\mathcal P_m$ is the cohomology with $\mathbb F_2$-coefficients of the product of $m$ copies of the Eilenberg-MacLan complex $K(\mathbb F_2, 1)$. Despite extensive study over the past three decades, the hit problem remains unresolved for $m\geq 5$. 

In this article, we develop our previous work [Commun. Korean Math. Soc. \textbf{35} (2020), 371-399] on the hit problem for the $\mathscr A$-module $\mathcal P_5$ in the generic degree $n_s = 5(2^{s}-1) + 18.2^{s}$ with $s$ an arbitrary non-negative integer. As a consequence, a localized variation  of the Kameko conjecture, which concerns the dimension of the cohit space $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathscr A}\mathcal P_m$ in relation to parameter vectors, has been claimed to be veracious in the instance where $m = 5$ and the degree is $n_s.$ Also, we demonstrate that this conjecture remains valid for all $m\geq 1$ and degrees $\leq 12.$ This study has two important applications:  (1) it establishes the dimension result for the cohit space $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathscr A}\mathcal P_m$ for $m = 6$ in the generic degree $5(2^{s+4}-1) + n_1.2^{s+4}$ with $s > 0;$ and (2) it describes the representations of the general linear group of rank $5$ over $\mathbb F_2.$ As a result, we prove that the algebraic transfer, defined by William Singer [Math. Z. \textbf{202} (1989), 493-523], is an isomorphism in bidegrees $(5, 5+n_s)$ with $s\geq 0.$ Besides, we obtain new results on the behavior of this algebraic transfer for all homological degrees $m$. Specifically, we show that Singer's transfer is a trivial isomorphism in bidegree $(m, m+12)$ for any $m > 0$. At the end of this work, we discuss the hit problem for the symmetric polynomial algebra $\mathcal P_m^{\Sigma_m}.$ This topic has been previously studied by Ali Janfada and Reginald Wood for $m\leq 3.$
Structure of the space of GL4 (Z2)-coinvariants Z2 ⊗ GL4 (Z2) P H∗ (Z42,Z2) in some generic degrees and its application
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng
Published: August 2023

Fix $k = \mathbb Z_2$ to be a field of characteristic 2, let $A$ denote the Steenrod algebra over $k.$ A problem of immense difficulty in algebraic topology is the determination of a minimal set of $A$-generators for the polynomial ring $P_q = k[x_1, \ldots, x_q] = H^{*}(k^{q}, k)$ on $q$ generators $x_1, \ldots, x_q$ with $|x_1|= |x_2| = \cdots = |x_q| =  1.$ By way of equivalence, one may choose to write an explicit basis for the cohit space $\pmb{Q}^{q} := k\otimes_{A} P_q$ in each non-negative degree $n.$ This subject, which has now a long history, is the content of the classical "hit problem" proposed in [Abstracts Papers Presented Am. Math. Soc.  \textbf{833} (1987), 55-89]. Furthermore, it is closely related to the $q$-th transfer homomorphism $Tr_q^{A}$ constructed by William Singer in [Math. Z. \textbf{202} (1989), 493-523]. This map $Tr_q^{A}$ passes from the space of $G(q)$-coinvariant $k\otimes _{G(q)} P_A((P_q)_n^{*})$ of $\pmb{Q}^{q}$ to the $k$-cohomology group of the Steenrod algebra, ${\rm Ext}_{A}^{q, q+n}(k, k),$ wherein $G(q)$ stands for the general linear group of degree $q$ over the field $k,$ and $P_A((P_q)_n^{*})$ is the primitive part of $(P_q)^{*}_n$ under the action of $A.$ Particularly, the assertion that $Tr_q^{A}$ is always an injective map has been conjectured by Singer himself, but as of now, this remains an open problem for all $q\geq 4.$ Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to deal with the Singer conjecture for rank 4 in certain internal degrees. Specifically, by the usage of the techniques of the hit problem in four variables, we explicitly determine the structure of the coinvariant $k\otimes _{G(4)} P_A((P_4)_{n}^{*})$ in some generic degrees $n.$ Then, applying these results and a representation of $Tr_4^{A}$ via the lambda algebra, we state that Singer's conjecture is true for rank $q = 4$ in respective degrees $n.$ This has significantly contributed towards the ultimate proof of Singer's conjecture within the rank 4 case.
Coverage Analysis of IRS-Aided Millimeter-Wave Networks: A Practical Approach
Authors: Etcibasi Abdullah , Aktas Emre
Published: August 2023

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have become a popular topic in recent years for their great potential for controlling the radio link environment of wireless networks. With this controlled environment, the coverage can be increased. This paper examines the coverage analysis of IRS-aided networks, considering both two-dimensional buildings and the product-distance path loss model for the first time.  Leveraging the tools from stochastic geometry, the locations of base stations (BSs), buildings, and IRSs are modeled with a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP). A Gamma approximation for the distribution of the nearest line-of-sight (LoS)-neighbor distance is proposed, leading to a closed-form expression for the distribution of the product-distance. Feasible BSs are defined as BSs which are reachable via an IRS deployed on a specific facade of a building, and the ratio of feasible BSs is derived. Simulations are performed, which confirm the proposed analytical methods. In the numerical results, it is observed that the IRSs can introduce up to a 45\% coverage boost, and the effect of the IRS length on the coverage probability is limited beyond 1.2 meters at 60 GHz.
The Generation of Semantics in Natural Language and the Formation of Brain Intelligence
Authors: Tang Lei
Published: August 2023

In nature, the intelligence phenomenon that exists with the matter form was originated from the motion and interaction between a great number of microscopic matters. At the first step of intelligence development, intelligent agent needs being able to represent and recognize various external stimulations. Therefore, after this paper first introducing the characteristics of neuron, we next introduce that human brain is how to represent color and sound stimulations through the radial basis function principle, and for color representation we use a quantitative analysis method to approximately estimate the number of basis color attributes. To object shape representation, it is known that the simple neuron in the primary cortex is able to extract the direction information of a line, and following this we have introduced the concept of line segment directional spectrum that can represent the direction characteristic and bending degree of a line segment, and analogously through the representation principle of the three primary directions as that of the three primary colors in visible spectrum the vision system  also could efficiently represent the characteristic information of a line segment. Specially, we should note that the representation of line segment direction actually belongs to a class of more advanced characteristic representation, the vision system usually first extracts the topology characteristics in shape. In addition, we have emphasized that the semantics in natural language exist in the neural fiber plexus nodes of our brains and have introduced the relationships of shape, semantics and attention mechanism in cognitive behavior. Note that human knowledge is represented through natural language, this paper also elucidates the principle of matter primacy. Through summarizing the evolutionary process of human intelligence, we have found that the subjective initiative of humans in behavior is most important characteristic that distinguishes humans from animals. At the end of this paper, we explain that why the brain consumes less power and the limitations of human intelligence.
An Unsupervised Framework for Radar Sounder Signal Segmentation Based on Enhanced Self-supervised Transformers
Authors: Ghosh Raktim , Bovolo Francesca
Published: August 2023

We utilize the radar sounder data (radargrams) for automatic subsurface target identifications. We develop an enhaced unsupervised framework (based of selfi-supervised Vision Transformers) for the semantic segmentation of radar sounder signal.
Two-way quantum computers adding CPT analog of state preparation
Authors: Duda Jarosław
Published: August 2023

Standard one-way quantum computers (1WQC) combine time symmetric unitary evolution, with asymmetric treatment of boundaries: state preparation allows to enforce chosen initial state, however, for the final state measurement chooses a random value instead. As e.g. pull/push, negative/positive pressure, stimulated emission/absorption causing deexcitation/excitation are CPT analogs, and one can be used for state preparation, there should also exist its CPT analog, referred here as CPT(state preparation) - allowing for additional chosen enforcement of the final state, its more active treatment than measurement. It should act similarly to postselection, but through applied physical constraints (instead of running multiple times). Like pumped to |1> prepared state vs its "unpumped" <0| CPT analog, hopefully allowing to construct two-way quantum computers (2WQC) e.g. hydrodynamical, and hopefully photonic, with influenced both initial and final states. If possible, for example for an instance of 3-SAT problem on n variables, we could prepare ensemble of 2^n inputs with Hadamard gates, calculate 3-SAT alternatives for them, and use CPT(state preparation) to enforce outcomes of all these alternatives to '1'. This way hopefully restricting this ensemble to satisfying given 3-SAT problem, in theory allowing to attack NP problems by simultaneously pushing and pulling information through the system for better control.
Fully Elman Neural Network: A Novel Deep Recurrent Neural Network Optimized by an Improved Harris Hawks Algorithm for Classification of Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure
Authors: Fetanat Masoud
Published: August 2023

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most prevalent life-threatening cardiovascular diseases in which 6.5 million people are suffering in the USA and more than 23 million worldwide. Mechanical circulatory support of HF patients can be achieved by implanting a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) into HF patients as a bridge to transplant, recovery or destination therapy and can be controlled by measurement of normal and abnormal pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP). While there are no commercial long-term implantable pressure sensors to measure PAWP, real-time non-invasive estimation of abnormal and normal PAWP becomes vital. In this work, first an improved Harris Hawks optimizer algorithm called HHO+ is presented and tested on 24 unimodal and multimodal benchmark functions. Second, a novel fully Elman neural network (FENN) is proposed to improve the classification performance. Finally, four novel 18-layer deep learning methods of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with multi-layer perceptron (CNN-MLP), CNN with Elman neural networks (CNN-ENN), CNN with fully Elman neural networks (CNN-FENN), and CNN with fully Elman neural networks optimized by HHO+ algorithm (CNN-FENN-HHO+) for classification of abnormal and normal PAWP using estimated HVAD pump flow were developed and compared. The estimated pump flow was derived by a non-invasive method embedded into the commercial HVAD controller. The proposed methods are evaluated on an imbalanced clinical dataset using 5-fold cross-validation. The proposed CNN-FENN-HHO+ method outperforms the proposed CNN-MLP, CNN-ENN and CNN-FENN methods and improved the classification performance metrics across 5-fold cross-validation with an average sensitivity of 79%, accuracy of 78% and specificity of 76%. The proposed methods can reduce the likelihood of hazardous events like pulmonary congestion and ventricular suction for HF patients and notify identified abnormal cases to the hospital, clinician and cardiologist for emergency action, which can diminish the mortality rate of patients with HF.
A Four-in-one Compact Design of Monostable Quasi-Static-Toggling Mechanical Energy Harvester
Authors: Liu Shiyi , Liang Junrui
Published: August 2023

Quasi-static-toggling (QST) mechanical energy harvester (MEH) can slowly accumulate a certain amount of mechanical potential energy. After the triggering position, it releases and converts the stored energy into useful electricity in an instant. It was designed into micro-generators for powering some ultra-low-powered Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This short paper introduces a 4-in-1 QST-MEH design. It uses a compact and deformable iron cantilevered beam to inclusively embody four key elements, i.e., an iron core, an energy-buffering spring, a rebounding spring, and a mechanical lever, which form a monostable QST electromagnetic generator. Compared with the existing designs, the proposed design reduces the component number to the most extreme. It largely helps reduce manufacturing and assembly procedures toward low-cost implementation and reliable operation. Experimental result shows that about 0.25 mJ of energy can be harvested from each round of press-release action with the experimental prototype. Such an amount of energy is sufficient to power an iBeacon Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transmitter for motion-powered IoT applications.
AI in Industry: Real-World Applications and Case Studies
Authors: Rahmaniar Wahyu , Maarif Alfian , ul Haq Qazi Mazhar , Iskandar Muchammad Edo
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly and is becoming a cornerstone technology that drives innovation and efficiency in various industries. This paper examines the real-world application of AI in multiple sectors, including healthcare, finance, agriculture, retail, energy, and automotive. Several case studies are described to understand better the practical applications, results, and challenges of implementing AI. While many industries have reaped enormous benefits from AI, inherent challenges include data privacy, the potential for bias, and the continuing demand for skilled labor. This comprehensive review aims to provide AI application insights to professionals and researchers. Thus, as AI grows, there may be challenges and avenues for future research.
ChatGPT for Software Development: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Rahmaniar Wahyu
Published: August 2023

Rapid advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP), such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, promise profound transformations across multiple domains, including software development. This paper presents a discussion of the role of ChatGPT in software engineering, including an investigation of its broad implications and pragmatic applications highlighting the capabilities of ChatGPT in code relief. Through a series of analyses, we discuss the real impact of ChatGPT on open-source software development. However, apart from offering efficiency and innovation, ChatGPT mandates a careful and well-informed approach to integration into software development paradigms.
Bitcoin Unveiled: A Rational Exploration for Skeptical Minds
Authors: Ngo Long
Published: August 2023

From its inception in 2008 as an idea, Bitcoin has evolved into a functional system by 2009 and found its initial real-world usage in 2010, priced at less than $0.01 per coin. Over time, it has transformed into a globally recognized currency, with each coin valued at over $8,000 and the total market value exceeding $150 billion as of May 2020. Despite its impressive performance as one of the most lucrative investments in the last decade, Bitcoin remains a subject of controversy. Its nature as either a novel form of currency, a speculative bubble, or a combination of both is still debated.

While conventional investment frameworks are well-established for assets like stocks, bonds, and real estate, Bitcoin's unique status as a monetary asset presents challenges in evaluation due to its rarity and infrequent appearance. This research paper introduces a straightforward and easy-to-understand framework to assess Bitcoin as a novel monetary asset.
Separate and Dissenting Judicial Opinions and Their Significance for a Democratic Society. Reflections Against the Background of Polish Law
Authors: Misztal-Konecka Joanna
Published: August 2023

In most legal systems, the administration of justice in complex and difficult cases is, entrusted to panels composed of multiple judges. In practice, rarely does it happen that this designated group of judges is required to reach a unanimous decision. The subject under scrutiny in the article is the issue of the possibility and significance of disclosing the fact that the judgment was not reached unanimously, along with the rationale that the judge(s) pursued in opposing the majority position. The analysis of this issue requires reaching not only for the legal dogmatic method, but also the legal comparative and axiological methods. The presented research leads to the conclusion that legislators (although not in all countries and not in all international organizations) are increasingly open to allow for the disclosure to the parties and the public of the fact that not all judges voted for a particular decision, along with the reasons for the dissenting position. Despite several objections to the institution of dissenting opinion (votum separatum) connected with undermining the authority of the court and the judgment issued, it turns out that democratic society, which values transparency and the power of substantive arguments, approves of this institution. Dissenting opinion safeguards the judge’s right to express their view, as well as the right of the parties and the public to know the reasons for an alternative solution, including their creative use for the benefit of the judiciary and legal science. Consequently, one can claim that dissenting opinions and the reasons for them constitute a crucial factor in shaping the perceptions of justice.
The ‘Theatrical’ in Public Participation: How Can Theatre Contribute to Citizens’ Engagement in Legislative Development?
Authors: Bodziński-Guzik Bartłomiej
Published: August 2023

The paper is devoted to the notion of public participation and an attempt to propose a slightly different understanding and approach to this than usual. The author acknowledges the potential of theatrical methods, especially the proposal of A. Boal, the Legislative Theatre, whereby the theatre is used to create proposals for legislation, bringing additional value to the participation process. The LT is a point of reference, but the following reflections refer to theatre and performance in a more general sense. The article focuses on the corelations between theatre and different relevant fields of social activity to determine and present potential benefits of using theatre in the process of participation. It is to present a preliminary review of relevant ideas that can stimulate future reflection about theatricalizing participation, rather than presenting a direct and comprehensive proposal.
Non-textual Elements in Judicial Opinions: Overview
Authors: Wojdala Magdalena
Published: August 2023

The objective of the article is to present the practice of using non-textual elements in judicial opinions, as well as to explain the need for a new term and the way in which it was created. In order to do so, several questions have been addressed. First, the elements actually used in judicial opinions are specified. Next, the reasons why terms such as image or visual material cannot adequately describe the phenomenon in question are presented and reasons are offered for the creation of a new term. What the elements have in common is then outlined and the concept of non-textual elements in judicial opinions is introduced. An examination of whether distinguishing this category means that these elements can be treated as a homogeneous group is then presented. Finally, whether the presence of such elements in judicial opinions is new in legal reality is considered and, if so, what their significance is to the functioning of judicial opinions.
Organização da Informação Jurídica
Authors: Silva Eddie Carlos Saraiva da , Cândido Gilberto Gomes , Moraes João Batista Ernesto de
Published: August 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo a análise da organização da informação jurídica na base de atos normativos da Procuradoria-Geral do Estado do Pará, denominada LexPGE, com ênfase na representação e no design da informação. Com relação à metodologia aplicada à pesquisa caracteriza-se a mesma como descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa e os procedimentos utilizados foram: pesquisa bibliográfica para aprofundamento e contextualização das temáticas correlacionadas, pesquisa documental tendo como base o manual elaborado pelo(a) servidor(a) responsável pela alimentação da base, observação direta para estudar o funcionamento da base e a apresentação final da informação jurídica ao usuário. O LexPGE apresenta bons resultados no âmbito da representação da informação, tendo como ponto fraco a instabilidade da indexação, por não possuir linguagem técnica ficando a cargo do profissional a análise de conteúdo e seleção dos termos indexadores. Quanto ao Design da Informação, a base não apresenta uso de ilustrações, gráficos ou formas com tanta frequência, restringindo a análise ao texto e às poucas cores selecionadas para ações específicas. Em síntese, a apresentação da informação segue um padrão já estabelecido na área jurídica que serve ao seu propósito, fornecendo harmonia e estética, além de sentido na leitura.
دراسة المجاملة اللغوية في سياقات مختلفة بين المعلمين والمعلمات في مدينة قعين
Authors: مقداري الأستاذ المساعد الدكتور صدیقة
Published: August 2023

دراسة حول الفروقات اللفظية بين الجنسين وتأثير الألفة غير اللغوية على استخدام المجاملات اللغوية
فحصت هذه الدراسة الفروقات اللفظية بين الرجال والنساء، بالإضافة إلى تأثير الألفة غير اللغوية على التفاعلات بين الجنسين في استخدام المجاملات اللغوية.
تكونت عينة الدراسة من 80 شخصًا (40 رجلًا و40 امرأة) تم اختيارهم عشوائيًا من بين المعلمين والمعلمات الذين يُدرّسون في مختلف المدارس في مدينة قائن.
تم إجراء هذا التحليل من خلال دراسة ميدانية استندت إلى أخذ عينات من المشاركين، وإعداد استبيان، ثم استخدام اختبار (t-test) لمقارنة متوسطات المجموعتين. كما تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام برنامج SPSS/PC.
البعد الرواقي عندى همنغوي "الشيخ الكبير والبحث" : سانتياغو أنموذج
Authors: السلطاني مهند
Published: August 2023

يعتبر إرنست همنغواي واحد من ابرز الروائيين وكتاب القصة القصيرة في القرن العشرين. تعد روايته القصيرة الشيخ والبحر آخر عمل قصصي بارز ينشر خلال حياته. كذلك تعتبر هذه الرواية علامة فارقة في الأدب القصصي كونها تتمتع بصفات أدبية بارزه مكنت كاتبها (همنغواي) من الحصول على جائزة نوبل. وهي تحكي قصة ميل البشر إلى معضلة التشكيك والإيمان في نفس المواقف الحرجة. لذا تفترض الدراسة وجود بعض العوامل الحاسمة التي خلقت بطل الرواية سانتياغو كأحد الشخصيات التي تمثل الاتجاه الفلسفي الرواقي. كذلك تركز الدراسة على صفات سانتياغو كالمثابرة في القوة والصبر في صراعه ضد الطبيعة
جدلية الحياة والموت في بعض قصائد أزهار الشر لشارل بودلير
Authors: حسين محمد حسن
Published: August 2023

يتناول هذا البحث رؤية الشاعر بودلير للحياة والموت. في أكثر من قصيدة، أظهر بودلير سخطه من الحياة لعدم وجود الأمل فيها؛ إذ لم يغني لها في قصائده. وصف نفسه بأنه ميت وسط الحياة، وفي الوقت نفسه رثا أولئك الذين كانوا راضين عنها. يرى بودلير أن الحياة هي دعوة لحياة أخرى مختلفة مليئة بالأسرار والأشياء غير المرئية، وحياة ذات معنى أقوى من الحياة الدنيوية. لذا، الموت بالنسبة لبودلير هو السعادة، والقبر هو العنصر الوحيد الذي يعطي الحياة قيمة للإنسان الذي سيستمتع بدوراته الحياتية بعد الموت. الإيمان بالحياة بعد الموت يدل على روحانية الشاعر، وصوفيته، ورفعته نحو ما هو أبعد من الماديات من أجل الأبدية والخلود.
Profil Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Orang Tua terhadap Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Anak di Apotek Bangkalan
Authors: Nuraini April , Haris M. Shofwan , Rahayu Dianita Rahayu , Rokhani Ratri
Published: August 2023

Antibiotik merupakan terapi utama pada penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penggunaan antibiotik pada anak seringkali menimbulkan masalah karena penyalahgunaanya.Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil pengetahuan dan persepsi terhadap penggunaan antibiotik yang didasarkan pada teori Health Belief Model. Penelitian dilakukan pada orang tua pasien anak yang mendapatkan resep antibiotik di Apotek Bamara Medika Bangkalan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional menggunakan alat bantu kuesioner. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif. Total terdapat 96 responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini, sebanyak 24% responden pria dan 76% responden wanita. Secara umum pengetahuan responden berada pada kategori cukup cenderung tinggi. Persentase cukup 36,5% dan tinggi 31,3%. Topik pengetahuan dengan nilai tertinggi berada pada topik aturan pakai dan pengertian antibiotik namun rendah pada topik resistensi. Persepsi responden didapatkan dari nilai 4 perceived yang diperhitungkan yaitu perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived threat dan perceived self-efficacy. Hasil persepsi responden menunjukkan kategori cukup dengan persentase perceived benefit 41,7%, perceived barrier 39,6%, perceived threat 66,7% dan perceived self-efficacy 40,7%.
Korelasi Tingkat Kepatuhan Pengobatan terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Pasien Geriatri Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kota Padang
Authors: Kardela Widya , Agustina Endang , Harartasyahrani Rangti A. , Bellatasie Rezlie
Published: August 2023

Uncontrolled blood glucose levels in DM patients can cause various microvascular and macrovascular complications. One of the main problems causing uncontrolled blood glucose in type 2 DM patients is non-adherence to medication therapy, especially in geriatric patients. This study aims to assess the rate of medication adherence and blood glucose levels, then to analyze the relationship between the rate of medication adherence and blood glucose levels among geriatric patients with type 2 DM at the Nanggalo Health Center, Padang. Medication adherence was assessed using the ARMS-D questionnaire which had been tested for validity and reliability. Prospective data collection using a cross-sectional quantitative design with purposive sampling technique, data were analyzed by fisher's exact test. The results showed that of the 45 patients, most were classified as suboptimal adherence patients (82.2%), and the majority of patients had uncontrolled blood glucose levels (62.2%). Based on the results of the correlation test, the value of p = 0.003 (p <0.05). Hence, there is a significant relationship between the rate of medication adherence and blood glucose levels among geriatric patients with type 2 DM at the Nanggalo Health Center, Padang.
Uji Efektivitas Mukolitik Ramuan Buah Adas (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Secara In Vitro pada Putih Telur Bebek
Authors: Vitri Desy Aryanti Pardilla , Rismiyati Rismiyati , Ananda Julia Eka Putri , Syach Muhammad , Adira Nindia Oktaviani , Aini Siti Rahmatul
Published: August 2023

Buah adas (Foeniculum vulgare) secara empiris telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat batuk berdahak dengan ditambahkan madu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas mukolitik ramuan buah adas secara in vitro pada putih telur bebek dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 20%. Ramuan buah adas diperoleh dengan cara diseduh dengan air panas dan ditambahkan satu sendoh teh madu. Ramuan buah adas konsentrasi 10% dan 20% ditambahkan dengan tween 80 serta campuran putih telur bebek dan larutan dapar fosfat pH 7. Ambroxol HCl 3% digunakan sebagai kontrol positif sedangkan mukus tanpa rebusan adas digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif. Sampel diuji menggunakan viskometer ostwald dan diukur massa jenisnya dengan piknometer. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah hingga didapatkan nilai visksoitas. Hasil dianalisis dengan uji statistik one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji LSD. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kontrol negatif dengan kontrol positif, konsentrasi 10% dan 20% (p < 0,05) serta tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kontrol positif dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 20% (p > 0,05). Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan b
PELATIHAN PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DARING YANG EFEKTIF DALAM MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Rasyid Hamidi , Rustantono Hendra , Maslahah Wafiyatu , Rofiah Lailatul , Maida Nur Al
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan ini di latar belakangi keterlambatan guru untuk beradaptasi dengan pembelajaran online atau daring, hal itu disebabkan karena guru sebelumnya belum terbiasa dengan pembelajaran daring, akan tetapi dengan adanya wabah covid 19 dan peraturan pemerintah bahwa pembelajaran harus secara daring, maka kami mempunyai inisiatif untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada guru dalam menggunakan media daring yang efektif dalam masa pandemi Covid 19. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di ruang kelas MA Darul huda Klepu. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama satu kali pertemuan dengan materi  yaitu pelatihan menggunakan video pembelajaran KineMaster. Pesertanya terdiri dari Guru dan Kepala Sekolah. Hasil dari analisis kegiatan tersebut bisa disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pemahaman guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran daring dalam proses belajar mengajar, hal itu bisa terlihat dari kemampuan guru dalam membuat Video pembelajaran menggunakn KineMaster.
SOSIALISASI BAHAYA GAME ONLINE TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Maslahah Wafiyatu , Rofiah Lailatul
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bermula dari adanya permasalahan mengenai menurunnya prestasi siswa di MTs AL-Huda Wajak yang disebabkan oleh adanya kecanduan game online. Siswa menghabiskan waktunya untuk bermain game online. Hal ini menjadikan siswa menurun dalam prestasi. Tujuan dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini supaya siswa mengetahui mengenai bahaya yang terjadi ketika mengalami kecanduan game online, khususnya terhadap prestasi. Metode yang dilakukan yakni dengan cara;1.) mengadakan kegiatan wawancara terhadap pihak madrasah mengenai permasalahan yang terjadi di madrasah. 2.) membahas mengenai solusi yang dilakukan untuk mengedukasi siswa, 3.) membentuk panitia kegiatan sosialisasi, 4.) mengadakan kegiatan sosialisasi, 5.) memberikan umpan balik untuk menggali pemahaman siswa dengan adanya sosialisasi tersebut. Hasil yang diperoleh yakni siswa ternyata belum memahami dampak yang diakibatkan dari kecanduan game online. Siswa menjadi lebih memahami cara mengatur waktu antara bermain game dengan kewajiban mereka belajar sehingga prestasi tetap baik dan bagus.
PARENTING PERAN ORANGTUA DALAM MENGONTROL PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Dewi Anggra Lita Sandra , Prasetya Agus
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan Perenting ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya permasalahan di lapangan yang banyak dihadapi oleh para orangtua masa kini dalam mengontrol penggunaan gadget pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Hal ini disebabkan karena tingkat perekembangan IPTEK (Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknolohi) yang berkembang semakin pesat. Tujuan pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan wawasan kepada orangtua dalam mengontrol penggunaan gadget apada anak usia sekolah dasar. Materi yang dipilih dalam kegiatan parenting difokuskan pada tutorial mengotrol penggunaan HP jarak jauhm dengan aplikasi Google Family link. Peralatan yang digunakan adalah Gadget (HP) orangtua masing-masing sebagai sarana penyuluhan. Kegiatan parentimg ini dilaksanakan di SDN Jatijejer Trawas-Mojokerto. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan ini berlangsung dengan lancar dan orangtua dapat memahami akan pentingnya kontrol penggunaan Gadget pada anak usia sekolah dasar.
Beyond the Binary
Authors: Masood Hafiz Abid , Khan Azher
Published: August 2023

This article focuses on the struggle between various facets of Islam within the contemporary Pakistani community as represented in the novel ‘Prodigal’ (2019) by Irshad Abdulkadir. The novel chronicles the journey of two young Muslim men on their separate yet parallel paths to discover their faith and find the right means ‘to serve Allah’. The text challenges the Western stereotyping of Islam being a rigid and static entity that dissociates with changing sociocultural norms of modern societies. The present study is qualitative in its nature and examines the selected text to see how the novel depicts various characters that represent the intellectual trends of Islamic thought in the contemporary Muslim world. Also, the study investigates how the author has woven different Islamic worldviews into the fabric of the novel’s plot and character development. The analysis reveals that the text remarkably brings forth a positive image of Islam and pleads a strong case to advocate for the world’s most misunderstood religion. The study also foregrounds the inadequacy of the categorization of Muslims and offers a critique of the taxonomies often proposed by Western scholars to divide Islam into different varieties.
Optimizing Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates with Gold Nanospheres, Nanorods and Nanostars
Authors: Santacruz-Gomez Karla , López Durazo Víctor Hugo , Gutiérrez Félix Samaria Jhoana , Gutiérrez Velázquez Andrés , Ángulo-Molina Aracely
Published: August 2023

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is a powerful technique that boosts the distinctive fingerprint signals of molecules, making them more accessible for analysis. It utilizes metallic nanoparticles, acting as amplifiers, to greatly enhance the signals emitted by the molecules. This study aimed to explore the SERS potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different geometries using a non-resonant molecule, 4-MBA. Nanospheres (14±2 nm), nanorods (11±2 nm x 50±7 nm) and nanostars (38±4 nm) were synthesized via the HAuCl4 reduction method. All three AuNP geometries exhibited a remarkable enhancement of the Raman signal of 4-MBA by a magnitude of 104. Notably, only gold nanorods and nanostars displayed localized surface plasmon within the biological window, making them highly suitable for biological sample analysis. Meanwhile, the application of gold nanospheres should be limited to chemical SERS detection. These findings confirm the potential use of these nanostructures as SERS substrates for studying molecules with low molar...
A Study on the Impact of Diet on Unified Fire Authority Firefighter Performance
Authors: Easton Marin , Kraus Katie
Published: August 2023

Nutrition and physical activity impact physical performance for athletes, including tactical athletes such as firefighters. Firefighters currently working with Unified Fire Authority (UFA) were invited to participate in a survey via email. The survey was made up of questions on dietary habits, regular physical exercise habits, nutrition knowledge, and perceived performance during their Routine Physical Assessment (RPA). Chi Squared Distributions and Independent t-tests were used to assess group differences. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results indicated that more High Performance firefighters ate five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day than did Low Performance firefighters. There were no significant differences in nutrition knowledge or regular vigorous exercise when comparing groups.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga dan E-WOM pada Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen pasca Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Kepercayaan sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Ramadhan Rahmat Fajri , Alfitman  , Besra Eri
Published: August 2023

This study aims to see the effectproduct quality, price and e-wom on consumer purchasing decisions after the Covid-19 pandemic with trust as a mediating variable for Solo meatball consumers in the city of Padang. The population is all consumers of Solo meatballs in the city of Padang. Sampling by purposive sampling method.The sample criteria is that the respondent has visited, bought and eaten at least once at Bakso Solo stalls in Padang City. The number of samples in the study was 270 respondents. Test the hypothesis using statistical analysis using Smart PLS.3.3. The results of the study show that product quality, price and e-WOM have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. product quality, price and e-wom have a significant positive effect on trust. Trust influences purchasing decisions. And trust can be a mediating variable between product quality, price and e-WOM on purchasing decisions in a significantly positive way.
The development of triangular kinematic module to calculate the deformation pressure in the extrusion processes
Authors: Aliieva Leila , Levchenko Volodymyr , Aliiev Igramotdin , Kartamyshev Dmytro
Published: August 2023

Аliieva L. І., Levchenko V. M., Aliiev I. S., Kartamyshev D. O. The development of triangular kinematic module to calculate the deformation pressure in the extrusion processes

The article presents the universal kinematic module developed on the basis of the energy upper bound method, designed for use in mathematical simulations of combined processes of cold forging. In particular, this module can be used for force regime simulating and tool loads analyzing at radial-forward extrusion of hollow products with blind hole of continuous workpieces to describe deformation zones during metal flow to the center and turn zones from radial flow to backward one. The kinematically possible velocity field for convex curvilinear (parabolic) triangular module and the equations of its parabolic inclined boundary are given. Analytical dependencies for power of deformation forces, friction and shear at the boundaries of the module, as well as for the reduced pressure in a parametric form are obtained. The developed curvilinear kinematic module, the use of which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the upper bound method for studying the processes of combined extrusion, has been tested and described. It is shown that value of reduced pressure for the curvilinear turn module is most affected by the relative thickness of the flange, its radius, the thickness of the wall of the tubular workpiece, as well as friction conditions. The possibility of correct using of curvilinear triangular module for the analysis of complex schemes of processes with several zones is demonstrated. The simulation for calculation schemes of radial-forward workpiece extrusion with variable flange height was carried out. It has been determined that the developed curvilinear triangular module due to the reducing the value of the velocity jump at its boundaries, makes it possible to reduce the upper estimate of the tool loads in comparison with the variants of simulations that were previously based on rectangular modules.