bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Affective Commitment and Leisure Satisfaction on Employees’ Quality of Life
Authors: Yuh Jongil
Published: May 2022

Background:

Employees’ quality of life is affected by both work and private life domains. As interest in a whole-life perspective has recently grown, how employees’ attitudes toward work and leisure experiences are associated with their quality of life has gained increasing international attention.

Objective:

The purpose of this research was to examine the associations between affective commitment, leisure satisfaction, and employees’ quality of life and the moderating role of leisure satisfaction in the relationship between affective commitment and employees’ quality of life.

Methods:

A sample of 154 female childcare teachers completed self-reported questionnaires measuring their affective organizational commitment, leisure satisfaction, and quality of life. Data were obtained from 17 childcare centers in Seoul, Korea, during the summer of 2021, using convenience sampling. Pearson correlation, hierarchical regression analyses, and bootstrapping methods were used to test the hypotheses.

Results:

The results revealed that affective commitment and leisure satisfaction were positively related to female childcare teachers’ quality of life. Moreover, after controlling for age and marital status, leisure satisfaction was shown to play a moderating role, indicating that affective commitment was more strongly associated with quality of life for individuals who had a high level of leisure satisfaction.

Conclusion:

The findings underscore the significance of affective commitment and leisure satisfaction in enhancing female employees’ quality of life. The findings also highlight the consideration of leisure satisfaction as a target for intervention in enhancing female employees’ well-being.
A Narrative Review of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress: Oxidative DNA Damage Underlined
Authors: Al-Horani Ramzi A.
Published: May 2022

This is a narrative review principally aimed to highlight the factors related to exercise that induce oxidative DNA damage. Contracting skeletal muscles during exercise involve increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from different cellular sources. Exercise-induced oxidative stress causes damage to cellular macromolecules proteins, lipids, and DNA. To date, oxidative DNA damage has been minimally investigated. The exercise-induced oxidative DNA damage topic was introduced first by discussing ROS chemistry, sources, and cellular damaging effects. It appears that exercise modality, intensity, duration, and the conditions under which the exercise was performed play major roles in determining the level of oxidative DNA damage during exercise. This review also discusses the possible mechanisms by which regular exercise protects against oxidative DNA damage.
Ayurvedic Herbs and Spices: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of
COVID-19
Authors: Goyal Ahsas , Verma Aanchal , Agrawal Neetu , Pathak Shilpi
Published: May 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus
accountable for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has led to many fatal cases worldwide.
It causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome, a hyperinflammatory response, vascular damage, microangiopathy,
and widespread thrombosis. Vaccines, interferon therapies, and small-molecule drugs
may be among the various alternatives for managing or preventing emerging SARS-CoV-2 infections.
New interventions, on the other hand, are likely to take months to years to develop. Furthermore, existing
antiviral agents commonly develop viral resistance along with certain side effects. Therefore,
effective prevention and treatment medications without side effects against human coronavirus are
urgently needed. Indian and Chinese traditional medicine have suggested some natural products for the
prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of the diseases, including COVID-19 and various herbs and
mushrooms that have been reported to possess potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities.
Therefore, in this pandemic, traditional medicines pose a ray of hope for human health. The Ministry
of Ayush, India, has also recommended a number of therapies to increase immunity in addition to
ayurvedic treatments. Thus, the probability of naturally occurring substances as successful treatments
against COVID-19 may seem hopeful due to their diverse biological and therapeutic properties. This
review focuses on the latest updates of Ayurvedic herbs and spices as promising approaches for treatment
during this devastating pandemic situation.
Pickering Emulsions: A Potential Strategy to Limiting Cancer Development
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Singh Sushil Kumar , Setia Aseem , Singh Shambhavi , Baghel Yudhishthir Singh , Joshi Deshbandhu
Published: May 2022

Pickering Emulsion therapy is a novel approach to treating various human diseases, in-cluding cancer. Traditional cancer treatment modalities, such as surgery, radiation, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, have only achieved minimal success. Pickering emulsion in cancer therapeu-tics has given cancer patients a new hope. Pickering Emulsions have grown in popularity over the last 15 years, owing to their highly desirable properties, similar to those of ordinary emulsions, namely their excellent stability. This review focused on the benefits, drawbacks, characterization parameters (droplet size and strength, for example), opportunities, and different development pro-cedures of Pickering Emulsion for cancer diseases. This review also addressed recent developments in Pickering Emulsions' technological issues. It examined the advantages and disadvantages of us-ing such formulations for topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications instead of traditional surfactant-based methods. Pickering Emulsion's evolution as a multifunctional dosage form carrier reflects renewed optimism in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Role of Nanotechnology in Taste Masking: Recent Updates
Authors: Nagpal Manju , Vishvakarma Vivekanand , Kaur Malkiet , Arora Sandeep
Published: May 2022

One of the important parameters in the case of dosage form is taste. Most of the drugs
available in oral dosage form have an unpleasant taste which leads to patient incompliance and
affects the success ratio of products in the market. Geriatric and paediatric patients suffer more
with the bitter taste of medicines. According to the studies reported, it is found that 50% of the
population have the problem swallowing tablets, especially the pediatric and geriatric population.
Masking the taste of bitter drugs has become necessary in the pharmaceutical field and increasing
interest of researchers to develop various methods for masking the bitter taste of drugs. Five major
tastes, felt by our tongue are salt, sour, sweet, bitter, and umami. When the drug dissolves with
saliva, drug molecules interact with taste receptors present on the tongue and give taste sensations.
Although, many solid oral dosage forms like pills, and tablets have an additional advantage of
masking and encapsulation of bitter taste drugs; however, they might not be effective for children
because they may or may not swallow pills or tablets. There are various other methods that mask
the bitter taste of drugs such as the addition of sweeteners and flavouring agents, granulation, coating,
inclusion complexes, extrusion method, ion-exchange resins, etc, discussed in the first section
of the article. The second part of this article consists of various nanotechnology-based drug delivery
systems that were fabricated by researchers to mask the bitter taste of drugs. A brief of recent
literature on various nanocarriers that were fabricated or developed for taste masking has been
discussed in this part. A better understanding of these methods will help researchers and pharmaceutical
industries to develop novel drug delivery systems with improved taste masking properties.
Critical Comparison of the Quality and Content of Integrated Vascular Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, and Interventional Radiology Residency Training Program Websites: Qualitative Study
Authors: Jensen Katherine , Yan Qi , Davies Mark G
Published: May 2022

Background

With the move to virtual interviewing, residency websites are an important recruitment resource, introducing applicants to programs across the country and allowing for comparison. Recruitment is highly competitive from a common potential pool between vascular surgery, thoracic surgery, and interventional radiology with the ratio of applicants to positions being highest in interventional radiology, followed by thoracic surgery and lastly vascular surgery, as reported by the National Resident Matching Program.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the accessibility and availability of online content for those integrated residency programs.

Methods

A list of accredited vascular surgery, thoracic surgery, and interventional radiology residencies was obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) database. Program websites were evaluated by trained independent reviewers (n=2) for content items pertaining to program recruitment and education (scored absent or present). Statistical analysis was performed in R software.

Results

Of ACGME-accredited programs, 56 of 61 (92%) vascular surgery, 27 of 27 (100%) thoracic surgery, and 74 of 85 (87%) interventional radiology programs had functional websites (P=.12). Vascular surgery websites contained a median of 26 (IQR 20-32) content items, thoracic surgery websites contained a median of 27 (IQR 21-32) content items, and interventional radiology websites contained a median of 23 (IQR 18-27) content items. Two content items considered highly influential to applicant program decisions are procedural experience and faculty mentorship, which were reported at 32% (18/56) and 11% (6/56) for vascular surgery, 19% (5/27) and 11% (3/27) for thoracic surgery, and 50% (37/74) and 15% (11/74) for interventional radiology (P=.008 and P=.75), respectively. Key deficits were work hours, debt management, and curriculum for interventional radiology; resident profiles, sample contracts, and research interests in vascular surgery; and operative experiences and the program director’s contact and message for thoracic surgery. Interventional radiology deficits were work hours, and thoracic surgery deficits were procedural experience. Both interventional radiology and thoracic surgery websites lacked information on evaluation criteria and faculty mentorship.

Conclusions

This study has uncovered key differences in the availability of online content for residencies recruiting from the same pool of applicants. Thoracic surgery has the most information, followed by vascular surgery, with interventional radiology reporting the least content. In the era of virtual interviewing from the same potential pool of applicants, programs should review and revise their web presence with the aim to increase the availability of online content to attract valuable candidates.
Cost-Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Screening Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography Based on Start Age and Interval in China: Modeling Study
Authors: Zhao Zixuan , Du Lingbin , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Le , Wang Youqing , Yang Yi , Dong Hengjin
Published: May 2022

Background

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in China. The effectiveness of screening for lung cancer has been reported to reduce lung cancer–specific and overall mortality, although the cost-effectiveness, optimal start age, and screening interval remain unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening among heavy smokers in China by incorporating start age and screening interval.

Methods

A Markov state-transition model was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of a lung cancer screening program in China. The evaluated screening strategies were based on a screening start age of 50-74 years and a screening interval of once or annually. Transition probabilities were obtained from the literature and validated, while cost parameters were derived from databases of local medical insurance bureaus. A societal perspective was adopted. The outputs of the model included costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and lung cancer–specific mortality, with future costs and outcomes discounted by 5%. A currency exchange rate of 1 CNY=0.1557 USD is applicable. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated for different screening strategies relative to nonscreening.

Results

The proposed model suggested that screening led to a gain of 0.001-0.042 QALYs per person as compared with the findings in the nonscreening cohort. Meanwhile, one-time and annual screenings were associated with reductions in lung cancer–related mortality of 0.004%-1.171% and 6.189%-15.819%, respectively. The ICER ranged from 119,974.08 to 614,167.75 CNY per QALY gained relative to nonscreening. Using the World Health Organization threshold of 212,676 CNY per QALY gained, annual screening from a start age of 55 years and one-time screening from the age of 65 years can be considered as cost-effective in China. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Conclusions

This economic evaluation revealed that a population-based lung cancer screening program in China for heavy smokers using low-dose computed tomography was cost-effective for annual screening of smokers aged 55-74 years and one-time screening of those aged 65-74 years. Moreover, annual lung cancer screening should be promoted in China to realize the benefits of a guideline-recommended screening program.
A Mobile Phone App Intervention to Promote Healthy Salt Intake Among Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Perin Milena Sia , São-João Thais , Gallani Maria Cecília Bueno Jayme , Agbadje Titilayo Tatiana , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus , Cornélio Marilia Estevam
Published: May 2022

Background

There is sound evidence associating high salt intake and a greater risk of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases. High salt intake has been observed in several populations worldwide. Therefore, promoting healthier salt consumption has been encouraged as a low-cost strategy to reduce this risk factor. However, these strategies need to be sound, built on theoretical and methodological bases, and consider the target population’s context.

Objective

This protocol aims to describe a mobile phone app intervention to promote healthy salt intake among adults.

Methods

This is an experimental and longitudinal study protocol conducted in three modules. Module 1 refers to the planning of the intervention based on the Behaviour Change Wheel framework. Module 2 is the development of the mobile phone app intervention based on the date of module 1. In module 3, the intervention will be evaluated using a randomized controlled study, with three steps of data collection in a 2-month follow-up in a sample of 86 adults (43 participants for each group: the control group and intervention group) recruited from the primary health care centers of a Brazilian town. The discretionary salt intake questionnaire will assess salt consumption, the app usability will be assessed using the System Usability Scale, and psychosocial variables (habit, intention, and self-efficacy) will also be measured.

Results

Recruitment began in October 2021, and the follow-up will end in August 2022. The results of this study are expected to be published in 2023.

Conclusions

Results from this study will help people to control salt intake when cooking at home, will stimulate self-care, will work as an alternative or supportive method in the relationship between health care professionals and patients, and will contribute to implementing the app intervention to promote healthy salt intake on a large scale.

Trial Registration

The Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-4s8qyyq; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4s8qyyq

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/37853
Passive Mobile Self-tracking of Mental Health by Veterans With Serious Mental Illness: Protocol for a User-Centered Design and Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Young Alexander S , Choi Abigail , Cannedy Shay , Hoffmann Lauren , Levine Lionel , Liang Li-Jung , Medich Melissa , Oberman Rebecca , Olmos-Ochoa Tanya T
Published: May 2022

Background

Serious mental illnesses (SMI) are common, disabling, and challenging to treat, requiring years of monitoring and treatment adjustments. Stress or reduced medication adherence can lead to rapid worsening of symptoms and behaviors. Illness exacerbations and relapses generally occur with little or no clinician awareness in real time, leaving limited opportunity to modify treatments. Previous research suggests that passive mobile sensing may be beneficial for individuals with SMI by helping them monitor mental health status and behaviors, and quickly detect worsening mental health for prompt assessment and intervention. However, there is too little research on its feasibility and acceptability and the extent to which passive data can predict changes in behaviors or symptoms.

Objective

The aim of this research is to study the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of passive mobile sensing for tracking behaviors and symptoms of patients in treatment for SMI, as well as developing analytics that use passive data to predict changes in behaviors and symptoms.

Methods

A mobile app monitors and transmits passive mobile sensor and phone utilization data, which is used to track activity, sociability, and sleep in patients with SMI. The study consists of a user-centered design phase and a mobile sensing phase. In the design phase, focus groups, interviews, and usability testing inform further app development. In the mobile sensing phase, passive mobile sensing occurs with participants engaging in weekly assessments for 9 months. Three- and nine-month interviews study the perceptions of passive mobile sensing and ease of app use. Clinician interviews before and after the mobile sensing phase study the usefulness and feasibility of app utilization in clinical care. Predictive analytic models are built, trained, and selected, and make use of machine learning methods. Models use sensor and phone utilization data to predict behavioral changes and symptoms.

Results

The study started in October 2020. It has received institutional review board approval. The user-centered design phase, consisting of focus groups, usability testing, and preintervention clinician interviews, was completed in June 2021. Recruitment and enrollment for the mobile sensing phase began in October 2021.

Conclusions

Findings may inform the development of passive sensing apps and self-tracking in patients with SMI, and integration into care to improve assessment, treatment, and patient outcomes.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05023252; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05023252

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/39010
Novel treatment of Covid 19,Evaluation of Sofosbuvir and Daklatasvir combo,
Single arm study (Preprint)
Authors: Abdelmoety Amr Aly , Zakaria Abdelrahman , Soliman Aly Abdelmoety , Zaki Soad , Abdelmoety Hoda Aly
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing global health crisis caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Intervening early in the disease course by antivirals can delay progression and improve clinical outcomes. Since Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) changed the entire landscape of hepatitis C (HCV) treatment, there has been considerable interest with these DAAs, such as sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, as new repurposed options in COVID-19 therapeutics .

OBJECTIVE

This study is carried out to determine whether sofosbuvir/daclatasvir-based regimens improve clinical outcomes of patients with moderate or severe COVID-19.

METHODS

This was a prospective study including patients with PCR- confirmed COVID-19, that were treated with sofosbuvir and Daklatasvir- based regimen for 14 days. Results: Demographic data of the included 54 patients: Male (57%), female (43%), age <50 years (48%), > 50 years (52%), smoking (9%), diabetes mellitus (9%) and hypertension in 28% of patients. Clinical presentation of COVID-19: Fever (87%), cough (97%), dyspnea (70%), chest pain (61%), sore throat (53%), diarrhea (50%), mood changes (43%), muscle pain (87%), oxygen saturation median (93.5 +/- 5.5 %), and CT chest changes indicating COVID-19 was received in (55%) of patients. Laboratory data: PCR for Covid-19 was positive in (100%) , CRP was positive in (87%).

RESULTS

Complete recovery was observed in 100%, and none of the patients progressed to severe stage.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: Sofosbuvir/ daclatasvir- based regimen is highly effective and safe in curing patients with Covid-19, preventing progression to severe stage as well as in decreasing mortality.

CLINICALTRIAL

The study has been approved by Faculty of Medicine- Alexandria University Ethics Committee (IRB No: 00012098) according to Ethical standards of scientific research.
Mobile Phone Apps for symptom management in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Qin Minghui , Chen Bo , Liu Xiaodong
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Most cancer patients have psychological or physical distress. This distress can harm their quality of life (QOL). Smartphone application (app) interventions are increasingly being used to improve QOL and psychological outcomes in cancer patients. However, there are still conflicting results in the literature about its effect.

OBJECTIVE

This review and meta-analysis investigated the effectiveness of mobile phone app interventions on QOL and psychological outcomes in cancer patients, with a special focus on the format of intervention delivery.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, CENTRAL, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), to identify studies involving apps focused on cancer survivors and QoL and/or psychological or physical symptom published from inception to 13 January 2022. Only trial studies which met the inclusion criteria were selected. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was pooled when needed. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were also conducted.

RESULTS

Twenty five RCTs with a total of 3456 participants were included into this meta-analysis. Compared with routine care, app intervention was associated with higher QOL (SMD = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.28, 0.61; p < 0.05), with less anxiety (SMD = -1.04; 95%CI: -1.67, -0.41; P < 0.001), depression (SMD = -0.36; 95%CI: -0.62, -0.11; P < 0.01), distress (SMD = -0.41; 95%CI: -0.72, -0.10; p < 0.01), fatigue (SMD = -0.42; 95% CI: -0.64, -0.20, p < 0.01), and pain (SMD = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.19, p < 0.01). However, anxiety and depression score did not differ significantly between the two groups in breast cancer survivors and in didactic format studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study shows that mobile apps intervention can improve QOL and alleviate anxiety, depression, distress, fatigue, and pain in cancer patients. However, these results should be recognized cautiously due to between-study heterogeneity, indicating that more methodological and well-designed applied research is needed to understand how to better utilize this digital technology to help cancer patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

This review did not require informed consent or ethical approval because the data derived from previously published studies.
Application of Geoportal’s Web-Technologies in GIS, Case Study: Interactive Geology Atlas
Authors: Boyarshinov Grigory , Popov Anton , Odintsova Anastasia , Gvozdik Sofia , Rybkina Alena , Korolkova Anna
Published: May 2022

Abstract: A unique geoinformation service “The Interactive Geology Atlas” has been created and launched based on the data obtained by the Authors during years of research and evaluation of integrated biostratigraphic, paleomagnetic and sedimentological data as well as published references materials. The Interactive Atlas includes geological sections comprehensively studied, described and mapped. Contrary to analogous services, the Atlas covers more territory of Paratethys and time laps and allows to add various content depending on the user requirements. All maps (basemaps) are available for study both individually and joint for comprehensive analysis through the compiling the unified legend to all layers and maps. The combination of different data allows to track how the paleogeographic conditions of the Paratethys territory have evolved and to highlight the main events associated with fluctuations in climate, salinity, etc. Besides being scientifically interesting, the Atlas can become useful in geologic exploration with a view to evaluate the potential areas of mineral resources. For instance, paleogeographic maps are crucial in this regard. FAIR principles have become the reference criteria for improving datasets: Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability.
Sintomatología ansiosa en estudiantes de universidades dominicanas durante COVID-19
Authors: Frías-Veras Melanie , Guzmán Lazala Teresa Del Carmen , Sánchez-Vincitore Laura Virginia
Published: May 2022

Este estudio tiene la finalidad de analizar la sintomatología ansiosa de 239 estudiantes en universidades de República Dominicana durante el cierre de las instituciones educativas por la pandemia de COVID-19 en el mes de octubre de 2020. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la adaptación española del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck. Esta investigación es de tipo cuantitativo, transversal y con un alcance descriptivo-correlacional. Se reclutó a los participantes a través de un muestreo por bola de nieve. Se analizaron los datos con el fin de estudiar diferencias por sexo, carrera y edad. Se encontraron niveles de ansiedad de moderados a altos en la muestra estudiada. Los hallazgos fueron significativos para los síntomas de ansiedad, diferenciados por sexo, y no se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre sintomatología ansiosa y edad. Con base en estos descubrimientos, se enuncian algunas medidas que pueden ser implementadas por las autoridades institucionales orientadas a estudiantes universitarios.
La Aplicación de las Técnicas de Programación Neurolingüística para Aumentar la Motivación Estudiantil en la Educación de Adultos
Authors: Ruiz Santiago Silvia
Published: May 2022

La pérdida motivacional estudiantil es un hecho que enfrentan hoy día los sistemas educativos a nivel mundial. Conocer cómo los líderes educacionales pueden ayudar a los educandos a activar su interés mediante la instrucción será esencial. El objetivo residirá en conocer cómo funciona el sistema neurológico, lingüístico y cómo se programan los pensamientos, para realizar una reestructuración cognitiva en el estudiante, logrando mejorar su motivación y, por ende, alcanzar tanto los objetivos estudiantiles, de los docentes como los institucionales. Por lo tanto, la programación neurolingüística en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua en la población de adultos va a permitir a través de sus técnicas ayudar al alumno en el proceso instructivo lingüístico, consiguiendo consecuentemente su motivación. Se concluye con la importancia de la puesta en práctica de la programación neurolingüística, así como de sus técnicas con el fin de conseguir el éxito estudiantil.
Formación docente en Ciencia y Tecnología desde un escenario alternativo de educación
Authors: Ariza-Porras Angie Paola , Franco-Avellaneda Manuel , Quiroga-Monroy Jesus David
Published: May 2022

El potencial de la ciudad como entorno y agente educativo es reconocido cada vez con más fuerza en las agendas de las políticas públicas. Este artículo explora la manera en la que las ciencias pueden ofrecer herramientas para apropiar la ciudad de forma más equitativa y participativa e imaginar en ella nuevas posibilidades, reconociendo el rol protagónico que tienen en esta tarea los y las docentes. Para esto se exponen los aprendizajes de la Ruta de Formación en Ciencia y Tecnología, un programa de formación docente realizado por el museo interactivo Maloka y la Secretaría de Educación de Bogotá, durante el año 2019.
Evaluation of a Quantitative Taqman Real-Time PCR Assay to Measure Proviral load from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 individuals
Authors: Elumalai Suguna , Saikumar Chitralekha , Tilton Florida , Krishnasamy Lakshmi
Published: May 2022

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus belonging to the family Retroviridae. HIV – 1 is found to be predominant in India and many parts of Africa. The intention of this study was to quantify the HIV Proviral Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) from newly infected HIV-1 individuals. Fifty patients who were tested positive for HIV were included in this study. Proviral Ribo Nucleic Acid (RNA) was extracted by QIAmp® RNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Germany) method. Complementary Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (cDNA) was synthesized by using Invitrogen Superscript III cDNA synthesis Kit (USA). This cDNA was subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Gene cloning by transformation method. The quantification of Real time PCR was done by Applied Bio-System (ABI)-Prism 7700. A linear standard curve was obtained 10 copies to 106 copies per reaction. The assay had good analytic sensitivity and linear dynamic range greater than 6 logs. From the results obtained in this study, It was concluded that Taqman Real-Time PCR Assay plays a major role in monitoring the HIV infected patients in routine diagnostics and clinical practice.
Detection of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae by Real-Time PCR and Assessment of Hospitalization Related Risk Factors Associated with their Fecal Carriage: A Case-control Study
Authors: Ravikant  , Kumari Preeti , Kumar Manoj , Roy Partha , Jeya M.
Published: May 2022

Opportunistic behavior of commensal bacteria during severe infection, especially of the intestine is always considered as a predisposing threat for the severely ill patient admitted to hospitals. A descriptive-analytical case-control study was carried out to detect the prevalence and risk factor analysis of fecal carriage of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Patients having fecal carriage of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were considered as cases and patients who were without Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were taken as the control in a proportion of 1:4. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) was confirmed by both conventional as well as molecular methods. Methods such as Combined Disk Test, mCIMtest, and RAPIDEC CarbaNP Test were used for phenotypic identification of CRE, Whereas Real-Time (RT)-PCR was used for the detection of bla-gene encoded for CRE (blaNDM1, blaVIM, blaKPC, blaIMP, and blaOXA48). All patients belonging to medicine wards were included in the study. we screened 436 patients during the study and found 160 patients suitable for our study, out of which 32 (20%) were cases and 128 (80%) were controls. We found a total number of 25 genes out of 16 isolates, where NDM 1 was identified in maximum numbers followed by KPC &VIM. Standard statistical analyses such as chi-squire and odd ratios were conducted to determine the risk factor of different variables. Stepwise multiple logistic regressions were carried out, where we found, that transfer from other wards to medicine ward, use of nebulizer and intravenous catheter, and use of multiple antibiotics were still statistically significant. Implementation of Multi-modal colonization prevention and control is the need for the present situation throughout the world.
COVID Detection using Symptoms and X-Ray
Authors: Sharma Ananya , Jain Nishtha , Singh Akshit , . Shanila , Kumar Sunil
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The irritation established by the Covid sickness has caused a lot of destruction all around the world. Extremely fast dispersal of Covid has gagged just as imperiled the human development. Different cycles of research have focused on the clinical inclination for the finding of Corona Virus illness. Detection of covid prior of becoming dangerous is important but with the growing numbers it becomes difficult to manage it. Antigen and PCR tests which is reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) strategies for looking at the sickness have assumed a tremendous part in deciding the illness since the lively rise of COVID-19. The transmission of different freaks created in these two years has put a few inquiries on the accuracy and precise consequence of the business as usual. Along these lines, different radiological techniques like Computed Tomography (CT sweep) and X-beam, and so forth are being executed for the spotting of sickness due to the more fastidious outcome. With less resources many people have to face bad consequences and because of this reason many people lost their lives there is an emergent requirement for a fast solution so that detection is faster hence faster treatment. The investigatory review in the given report is about the utilization of Artificial Intelligence in hypothesizing the Covid infection utilizing an appropriate model. The most extreme precision accomplished among man-made reasoning classifiers adjusted in the given report is almost all the way. Along with detecting chest infection using X-Rays an application is needed by the people across the world to get to know whether they have covid or not on the basis of symptoms, early stage covid detection could be done easily by studying the symptoms so a model is required to detect whether a person is infected or not based on the symptoms user will fill. Keywords: COVID-19, X-Ray, Classification, CNN, Logistic Regression, Symptoms.
Production of Agar-Agar and Sago based Bioplastic
Authors: Patil Pratik Dilip
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Plastic garbage is the world's third-largest waste source, posing a threat to human health and the environment. Because of their outstanding barrier properties, stiffness, tensile strength, and rip strength, petrochemical plastics have long been used as packaging materials. Plastics have a lot of disadvantages, including a low water vapour transmission rate, nonbiodegradability, and other difficulties that lead to environmental degradation. Newer solutions for the use of bio-plastics have emerged, all while keeping pollution and environmental harm in mind. Bio-plastics are primarily made from biological resources such as potatoes, potato peels, corn, sugarcane, wheat, and rice, as well as seaweed-based bioplastics including varied proportions of agar-agar, seaweed, starch, or cellulose, as well as plasticizers and their relative impact on physical-properties, and the bioplastic characteristics. Replacing petroleum plastic with bioplastic is an alternate strategy to reduce plastic waste in human life while also being more environmentally friendly. As a result, the goal of this research is to gelatinize agar-agar and sago powder to make bioplastic and analysis of its properties. Unlike earlier investigations, this one looked at and evaluated new bioplastic formulations with varying ratios of agar-agar and sago to glycerol samples of 1:0.5, 1:1, and 2:1, referred to as Sets A, B, and C, respectively. The bioplastic samples (Sets A to C) with varying ratios of Agar-Agar and Sago powder to glycerol were found to have higher biodegradable qualities when the ratio of Agar-Agar and Sago powder to glycerol was 1: 1 (Set B) and It had the smallest capacity for holding water. According to the findings, Set B could only hold only 5.48 percent of the water, preventing water from interacting with the wrapped contents. In addition, as compared to other samples, Set B appears to deteriorate better in soils and dissolve more in ethanol, acetone, and oils. Set B has the potential to be employed as a fertilizer coating or other related packaging to reduce the usage rate of the petrochemical plastic since the bioplastic can decay naturally by the ethanol produced by bacteria in soils under anaerobic reactions. Keywords: Bioplastic, Glycerol, Agar-Agar, Sago Powder, Gelatinization, Biodegradable
A Study on Bellman Ford Algorithm for Shortest Path Detection in Global Positioning System
Authors: Rai Avinish
Published: May 2022

Abstract: This is the Master of Technology project report of Mr. Avinish Rai (Roll No- MT/CS/45001/20), final year student in the department of Computer Science and Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, under the supervision and guidance of Dr Ila Sahay Dayal. The thesis deals with Bellman ford algorithms is used to find the optimal shortest path between two or more than two nodes in the graph or in the tree. In this paper we add this bellman ford functionality in the G.P.S. this algorithm will work as the parameter in this and use from the initial node to target or source node. We will do the comparative and mathematical studies between both Dijkstra’s and Bellman ford algorithm which will give optimal results.
Heart Attack Prediction System Using IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: Kalse Priti , Kumbhar Sneha , Desai Mansi , Patil Prof. P. R.
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Nowadays, health diseases are increasing day by day due to lifestyle, hereditary. Especially heart attack has become more common lately, i.e., the life of people is at risk. Each individual has different values for vital sign, cholesterol, and pulse. But consistent with medically proven results the traditional values of vital sign are 120/90, Cholesterol is 100- 129 mg/dL, pulse is 72, Fasting blood glucose level is 100 mg/dL, Heart rate is 60-100bpm, ECG is normal, Width of major vessels is 25 mm (1 inch) in the aorta to only 8 m in the capillaries. This paper analyses various classification systems for determining a person's risk level based on age, gender, blood pressure, cholesterol, and pulse rate. A predictive modelling-based "Ailment Prediction" system predicts the user's disease based on the symptoms provided as input to the system. The system takes the input from user and analyses the symptoms and gives the output as a probability of the disease. Five approaches are used to predict disease: Naive Bayes, KNN, Decision Tree, Linear Regression, and Random Forest Algorithms. These methods are used to evaluate the disease's probability. Therefore, the average prediction accuracy probability of 83 % is obtained. Keywords: Heart rate sensor Pulse, Android smartphone, Pulse Sensors, ECG sensor, Internet of Things.
Cyber Threat Detection Based on Artificial Neural Networks Using Event Profiles
Authors: Babu Mr. G. L. Anand , Irshad Mohammed , Irfan Mohammed
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Cyber Supply Chain (CSC) system is complex which involves different sub-systems performing various tasks. Security in supply chain is challenging due to the inherent vulnerabilities and threats from any part of the system which can be exploited at any point within the supply chain. This can cause a severe disruption on the overall business continuity. Therefore, it is paramount important to understand and predicate the threats so that organization can undertake necessary control measures for the supply chain security. Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) provides an intelligence analysis to discover unknown to known threats using various properties including threat actor skill and motivation, Tactics, Techniques, and Procedure (TT and P), and Indicator of Compromise (IoC). This paper aims to analyse and predicate threats to improve cyber supply chain security. We have applied Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) with Machine Learning (ML) techniques to analyse and predict the threats based on the CTI properties. That allows to identify the inherent CSC vulnerabilities so that appropriate control actions can be undertaken for the overall cybersecurity improvement. To demonstrate the applicability of our approach, CTI data is gathered and a number of ML algorithms, i.e., Logistic Regression (LG), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Decision Tree (DT), are used to develop predictive analytics using the Microsoft Malware Prediction dataset. Parameters and vulnerabilities and Indicators of compromise (IoC) as output parameters. The results relating to the prediction reveal that Spyware/Ransomware and spear phishing are the most predictable threats in CSC. We have also recommended relevant controls to tackle these threats. We advocate using CTI data for the ML predicate model for the overall CSC cyber security improvement. Keywords: TF-IDF--Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency, SVM-Support Vector Machine, CSC-Cyber Supply Chain, CTI-Cyber Threat Intelligence
Proprietary Software Management System for Educational Institutes
Authors: Varma Arjun , Sharma Ayush
Published: May 2022

Abstract: This College Management System project developed using specific programming languages. The main aim of this project is to develop an online website which covers all the details of college i.e., Student attendance details, Event details, Students fees transaction details, Marks details, Photo gallery, etc. Admin is the Super user of this project. All the record stores in MySQL Database. The proposed software will also reduce the cumbersome paperwork, manual labor as well as communication cost. The main objective of College Management System project is to provide an easy way to automate all record keeping work in the college. This project provides user friendly environment to the operator and admin. This college automation project is a simple yet powerful application for managing large number of student data. With this application admin can maintain record of students, courses, fee payment, library book record and students mark in different semesters. It also allows admin to generate various reports for decision making
Customer Perception Towards Amazon and Flipkart: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Mishra Dr. Somabhusana Janakiballav
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In the world of business, the competition is very high. Every firm, every corporation is in the race to win more and more customers as if they are in a war with one another where one organization attacks another with their strategies and other defends itself. As a world of red ocean where everyone is attacking one another and there’s always danger around them. This war can be distinctively seen in the e-commerce industry. The e-retails websites try to overtake their competitors by adopting new and advanced technologies and strategies to gain better goodwill in the market, which will ultimately increase their web traffic. This study is an insight of the scenario of the two giants e-commerce e-retailers of India. It aims to check the difference between these two giants in India viz. Amazon India and Flipkart under the customer perception towards them. Keywords: Amazon India, Flipkart, E-commerce, Customer Perception
3D Printed Face Shield
Authors: R Mohanraj , B Ramasubramanian , TS Sutharsen , M Ajay , Gunasekar Prof. Aarthy
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In the fourth industrial revolution, a sort of printing technology that has the potential to transform the manufacturing industry is 3D printing. It takes just a few hours to develop a new product with this technology which might take days and months with traditional technologies. This research highlights a low-cost 3D printer’s design and its working. The whole printer was developed to make it less expensive than similar products already on the market. The results show that low-cost printers with good accuracy can be designed. Keywords: 3D printing, Face shield, CAD Software, stereo lithography, fused deposition manufacturing
Seismic Response Control of High-Rise Mass Varied Structures Using Linear Fluid Viscous Damper
Authors: G S Arun Kumar , Kori Jagadish G
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Seismic event induces undesirable motion in buildings, energy dissipation systems in civil engineering are indeed needed. There is a mix of structures with passive energy dissipation supplied by Fluid Viscous Dampers systems (FVD). This technology is increasingly being utilized to improve seismic protection for both existing and new structures. The findings of the FVD systems are investigated in order to compare the structural response with and without this device of energy dissipation compared for low and high rise structures, the damper installed at different storey and varying the coefficient of damping (Cd) has been focused in this paper which provides an insight when the variation of Cd and its locations,. The findings of the FVD's impressive ability to increase the structure's dissipative capabilities without increasing its stiffness. In the case of high rise FVD performance has been evaluated through the top storey displacements which will allow for a conclusion. Keywords: Coefficient of Damping, Fluid Viscous Damper, High Rise Buildings, Seismic Response, Tall Structure
Design and Analysis of Multipurpose Relief Vehicle
Authors: Madhapure Ayush , Deshmukh Prajwal , Taywade Sumit , Nikalje Ankush , Dhote Swaraj , Deshmukh Rishikesh , Yeole S.
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The rocker bogie suspension system has all the tough capabilities so that it can work in rough terrain because of its weight distributing property on all its 12 wheels. The only disadvantage of the mechanism is that its speed is slow. In this project during research we have deeply focused on the 12 wheels mechanism & its design which has certain advantages of linear bogie motion in defending the whole system or assembly from getting disengaged and rollover during working in high speed operations. This has magnificently increased the chances of dependability of structure on uneven surface & also its high speed examination with hurdle height capacity as double the diameter of the wheels .The requirement to develop a highly steady suspension system capable of operating in multi terrain surfaces while keeping all the wheels in contact with the ground. To design a machine that can navigate terrains where the left and right rockers independently climb different obstacles. Keyword: Rocker bogie mechanism, Rover, Multipurpose
Vegetation Cover Analysis Based on NDVI in Moushuni Island, Sundarban, India
Authors: Jana Atashi , Bhunia Gouri Sankar
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Moushuni island is one of the island of Indian Sundarban, but changes of vegetation cover is occurred due to natural and anthropogenic activity. The aim of this paper is to emphasis the changes of vegetation cover between 2000 and 2020 of Moushuni island. Vegetation indices like Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used to identify the changes of vegetation cover from 2000 to 2020. Based on NDVI value, the study area is classified into four classes -Dense vegetation, Sparse Vegetation(vegetated), No vegetation and Water. Result shows an overall increase of dense vegetation cover (8.1%) in the island. The percent of vegetated area coverage is decreased during the study period. The major cause of decrease vegetation may be attributed to increase of rural settlement and salinisation. Keywords: Moushuni, NDVI, Dense vegetation, Vegetated, Salinisation.