bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escarabajos (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) del plan aluvial del Río Cauca, Colombia I. Ensamblaje, fichas bioecológicas, extinciones locales y clave para adultos
Authors:   Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración-FIA, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Pardo-Locarno Luis Carlos
Published: January 2025

Los escarabajos Melolonthidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) ocupan múltiples nichos en los ecosistemas tropandinos. Este grupo incluye miembros con diferentes hábitos alimenticios (saprofagia, fito y zoofagia), lo que aún los posiciona en el ambiente agroindustrial del Valle del Cauca, razón por la cual se planteó determinar la composición y aspectos biocológicos de los escarabajos del plan aluvial monocultivado del Río Cauca (bosque seco tropical Bs-T, 780-1100 mm/año, 960-975 msnm, 24ºC); el estudio biológico incluyó muestreos y observaciones en laboratorio, complementando con revisión de colecciones y literatura; el estudio ecológico (parcelas de caña manejo ecológico (CME), caña convencional (CC), potrero silvopastoril (PSP) y bosque, se basó en cuadrantes (1m2 y 30 cm de profundidad) durante época seca, transición y húmeda. Se aportan datos bioecológicos de las 42 especies consideradas habitantes del plan monocultivado y algunas presumiblemente extintas localmente, estas fueron: Astaena aff. valida, Phyllophaga sericata, P. thoracica, P. impressipyga, Macrodactylus sp., Isonychus sp., Ceraspis sp., Plectris aff.fassli, P. aff. pavida, Pelidnota prasina, Macraspis chrysis, M. nazareti, Paranomala cincta, P. undulata, P. incostans, Leucothyreus femoratus,Cyclocephala lunulata, C. amazona, C. stictica, C. pardolocarnoi, C. melanocephala, Aspidolea fuliginea, Aspidolea singularis, Dyscinetus dubius, Stenocrates bicarinatus, Lycomedes hirtipes, Ligyrus bituberculatus, L. gyas, Coelosis biloba, Podischnus agenor, Strategus aloeus, Parapucaya amazónica, Phileurus valgus, Phileurus didymus, Homophilerus tricuspis, Gymnetis holosericea, G. aff hebraica difficilis, G. pantherina, G. stellata, Hoplopyga liturata,Desicasta reichei y Marmarina maculosa. El estudio ecológico reunió 323 ejemplares y 8 especies, con mayor diversidad (4) y abundancia (18+) en CME y Bosque, observándose los menores resultados en PSP; este reducido ensamblaje se integra de especies preadaptadas al ambiente simplificado, perdiéndose diversidad y valiosos servicios ambientales en los agroecosistemas, por lo que se recomienda enfocar hacía la sostenibilidad el paquete tecnológico del modelo de desarrollo económico implantado
Nueva especie de Citharacanthus Pocock, 1901 (Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae) para México Julio
Authors:   Museo Universitario de Historia Natural “Dr. Manuel M. Villada”, Estrada-Alvarez Julio C. , Guadarrama R. Cesar A. ,   Laboratorio de Investigación FUCESA, FUCESA.-Expertos  en  control  de  plagas, Martínez O. Mónica ,   Vivario del Zoológico Regional Miguel Álvarez de Toro
Published: January 2025

Se describe una especie nueva del género Citharacanthus Pocock, 1901 de Chiapas, México, esta especie se segregan de las restantes del género por la característica espermateca y receptáculos seminales.
Nuevas especies de Phyllophaga Harris (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Melolonthinae) de la Mixteca Oaxaqueña, México
Authors:   Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Morón Miguel Ángel , Hernández-Cruz Julián ,   Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional. (CIIDIR-IPN)
Published: January 2025

Se presentan las descripciones de dos especies nuevas: Phyllophaga (Phyllophaga) etundutejiana y P. (P.) huaiandehuana, colectadas en dos localidades agrícolas suburbanas rodeadas por bosques perturbados de encino y pino situados entre los 2,350 y 2,480 m de altitud en Santa Cruz Itundujia, estado de Oaxaca, México. Se incluyen ilustraciones de los caracteres diagnósticos, habitus de los machos y comentarios sobre sus diferencias con otras especies mexicanas
Differences in the Effectiveness of Giving Snakehead Fish (Canna Striata) and Catfish (Clariidae) in Healing Prineum Wounds in Postpartum Mothers in the Working Area of ​​the Majalaya Health Center
Authors: Dewi Rosmala , Assyaidah Sonda Nur
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Perineal tears are a good medium for germs to breed if they don't get proper care. This is also one of the causes of the variation in healing time for perineal wounds. Long wound healing time and inappropriate care techniques can result in postpartum infections. Non-pharmacological therapy that can be given to speed up healing includes the intervention of snakehead fish and catfish therapy. To determine the difference in the effectiveness of providing snakehead fish and catfish therapy in healing perineal wounds in postpartum mothers in the working area of the Majalaya health center. This research is a type of quantitative research. In this research, the Quasy Experiment design method was used with a Pretest and Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group research design. The population in this study was the target postpartum mothers with perineal rupture wounds in the working area of the Majalaya health center who gave birth at the end of June 2024, totaling 30 postpartum mothers. The research sampling technique used total sampling. The samples in this study were postpartum mothers who were in the working area of the Majalaya health center who gave birth with a history of 1st and 2nd degree perineal lacerations in June 2024, 15 postpartum mothers who received snakehead fish therapy intervention and 15 postpartum mothers who received catfish therapy intervention. 15 postpartum mothers. The results of the different tests were carried out using the independent T test on the post-test data for the Snakehead Fish Intervention and Catfish Intervention groups with a p-value = 0.000, which means <0.05. So it can be concluded that there are differences regarding the effect of providing snakehead fish and catfish intervention therapy on the level of healing of perineal wounds in postpartum mothers in the working area of the Majalaya Health Center. There is a significant difference between giving snakehead fish therapy and catfish therapy in healing perineal wounds. Snakehead fish therapy is more effective in healing perineal wounds in postpartum mothers compared to giving catfish therapy (p value 0.00 < 0.05). Keywords: Snakehead Fish Therapy, Catfish Therapy, Perineal Wounds, Postpartum Mothers
Numerical Analysis of Temperature Stress Generated by Hydration Heat in Massive Concrete Pier
Authors: Zhou Junlong , Li Xiaopeng , Wang Zihao , Wang Yuquan , Yan Chuan , Jin Hexin
Published: January 2025

Thermal crack induced by the hydration heat of massive concrete is the main problem that needs to be strictly controlled during the pouring process of concrete. In this study, the hydration heat of massive concrete pier and its influencing factors are studied numerically. The stress of massive concrete pier caused by the hydration heat of concrete is analytically derived. The influences of adiabatic temperature rise, ambient temperature and convection coefficient between the pier outer surface and environment on the temperature and stress of pier are studied. The results show that the peak values of temperature and stress of the pier increase with the increase of the maximum adiabatic temperature rise, the reaction rate coefficient and the ambient temperature. The peak value of stress reduces with the decrease of convection coefficient because the heat dissipation and the temperature change on the cross-section of the pier are reduced.
A FRONTEIRA COMO ELEMENTO IDENTITÁRIO: O CASO DAS TERRITORIALIDADES TRANSFRONTEIRIÇAS DO IGUASSU E UMA POSSÍVEL IDENTIDADE TRANSFRONTEIRIÇA
Authors: Derrosso Giuliano
Published: January 2025

A partir de entrevistas realizadas com pessoas que nasceram e moram na Territorialidade Transfronteiriça do Iguassu (TTI), este artigo procura desvelar elementos de uma identidade transfronteiriça, forjada a partir das vivências destes indivíduos nesta transfronteira. Com a utilização de entrevistas estruturadas e com o auxílio do software Iramuteq para definição das categorias de análise, procuramos estabelecer elementos em comum nos discursos dos indivíduos que vivem a fronteira e encontram nesse elemento territorial matéria-prima para apropriações identitárias. Dentre as características percebidas desta possível identidade transfronteiriça apresentamos os conceitos de: multipertencimento, o binômio liberdade-mobilidade, a adaptabilidade e flexibilidade, o estar-entre e o senso de universalismo. Todas estas características fazem parte da realidade destes indivíduos que tem que lidar diariamente com os desafios da fronteira e com os seus contornamentos.
Stone Attenuation and Skin-to-Stone Distance on Computed Tomography Predict the Performance of Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Authors: Miah Md Latifur Rahman , Islam Md Faisal , Alam S M Syeed Ul , Naser Md Fazal , Alam Md Shawkat , Enayetullah Imtiaz
Published: January 2025

Background: Despite the fact that shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a non-invasive, secure, and efficient way to treat ureteral stones, the overall stone-free rate (SFR) varies significantly depending on the location and size of the stone.
Objective: To determine whether the performance of shock wave lithotripsy can be predicted using stone attenuation and skin-to-stone distance on computed tomography.
Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Urology at the National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU), Dhaka. Following ethical approval from NIKDU, 100 patients with ureteral stones were chosen for this study. A detailed history of these patients, as well as their drug and dietary histories, were recorded on a data collection form. Each patient had a CT scan to determine stone attenuation and skin-to-stone distance. The stone clearance rate after SWL was compared with stone attenuation and skin-to-stone distance. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0 was used to analyse the data.
Result: There were 66 males and 34 females among the 100 study participants. The mean age of the study subjects was 48.54 ± 7.93 years. The success of SWL was significantly higher among normal-weight patients. Failure in SWL was 15%. The mean stone-to-skin distance was 9.33 ± 2.61 cm and 12.50 ± 3.00 cm in successful and failed SWL respectively. In both successful and failed SWL, the mean stone attenuation was 790.94 ±144.72 HU and 1164.67 ± 222.67 HU, respectively. The mean volume of stone was 1302.71 ± 181.51 cm3 and 1853.33 ± 270.23 cm3 in successful and failed SWL respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 80.0%, 67.1%, 70.8%, and 77.0% respectively, of stone-to-skin distance in the prediction of successful SWL at a cut-off point <10.25.  Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 86.7%, 94.1%, 93.6%, and 87.6% respectively, of stone attenuation in the prediction of successful SWL at a cut-off point <1045 HU.
Conclusion: Stone attenuation and stone to skin distance are a good predictor of successful SWL.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 9-13
Outcome of Oral Steroids After Optical Internal Urethrotomy (OIU) In Comparison eith OIU Only
Authors: Perveg Md Akter Kamal , Rahman Md Habibur , Alam AKM Khurshidul , Ghosh Kartik Chandra , Hossain Md Shamim , Rabbani Rezwanul Haque
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Oral Steroid as Tablet Deflazacort(6mg)  in the prevention of recurrence of short segment anterior urethral stricture after optical internal urethrotomy compare with OIU only.
Material and methods: This present Randomized clinical comparative study was designed to observe the efficacy of Oral  Steroid as Tablet Deflazacort (6mg)  after optical internal urethrotomy. All male patients of age between 18-45 years, who were diagnosed as short segment anterior urethral stricture(<1.5cm) and planned for optical internal urethrotomy, were divided into two groups after fulfilling selection criteria. After informed consent and random allocation by lottery, patients under group A were given  oral  steroid as Tab. Deflazacort (6mg) twice  daily for 2weeks then once  daily for another 2weeks  after catheter removal on 7th post-operative day following optical internal urethrotomy, while patients under group B were managed by optical internal urethrotomy only. 26 patients were enrolled in group A and 25 patients in group B. In group A, 4 patients and group B, 3 patients were lost during follow up. Hence total of 44 patients completed the study with 22 patients in each group, during the period of January 2018 to December 2018.
 Result: In present study, there were no significant differences found in age, preoperative American urological association (AUA) score, preoperative maximum urinary flow rate, and preoperative PVR between two groups. Postoperative comparison of AUA score at 6th month follow up between two groups showed the decrease in AUA score in group A in compare to group B and the difference was statistically significant (5.8±5.1 versus 10.9±7.1, p=0.009). Maximum flow rates at 3rd month (23.7±5.8 ml/sec versus 20.0±2.9 ml/sec( p= 0.010) and 6th month (20.0±5.2 ml/sec versus 15.9±5.8 ml/sec, p=0.018) follow up were significantly higher in  group A than group B. Post void residual urine were significantly decrease in group A than group B (21.5±26.5 ml versus 42.0±30.9 ml, P=0.023). Study also showed a significant reduction in recurrence of anterior urethral stricture of 3(13.6 %) in the group A versus 9 (40.9% ) in the group B (p=0.042).
Conclusion: Use of the Oral steroid after optical internal urethrotomy  in preventing recurrence of short segment anterior urethral strictures were effective.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 22-27
Transmesocolic Approach for Left Sided Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty
Authors: Bhuiyan N I , Islam Md Hasibul , Rana Md Masud , Al Mamun Md Abdullah , Arafat Md Ali
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) has emerged as a feasible and reliable treatment option for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), with a success rate equivalent to that of the classic open procedure. In addition, LP offers benefits associated with minimally invasive techniques, including less pain, shorter hospitalization, and better cosmesis. A variety of modifications have been suggested to ease technical difficulties associated with LP.One suggestion is to use the transmesocolic (TMC) approach. It is an alternative ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) approach that has been shown to reduce operative time compared to the standard laterocolic (LC) approach.It offers a direct path to the left UPJ through the mesocolon with less tissue dissection and bowel manipulation.
Materials and Methods: From July 2014 to December 2019 total 35 patients of left side disease have undergone this surgery in our institution. Perioperative results and follow-up data were analysed.
Results: Total number of cases 35. Male 21, female 14 among them 27 were child. Operation time 120 minutes to 150 minutes. Hospital stay 2-3 days. Post-operative analgesia with single dose Inj.Pethedine.  Antigrade DJ stenting done in all cases. D J stent removed after 4 weeks of surgery. All cases followed up one year. No Per operative & post-operative complication.
Conclusion: Direct exposure of the ureteropelvic junction via the mesocolon saves time during the colon mobilization procedure. The approach is safe and feasible even for surgeons with limited experience, and has success rates similar to those of the conventional laterocolic approach.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 28-32
The Past, Present, and Future of Single Port Surgery
Authors: Ahmed Mutahar , Billah Mubashir Shabil
Published: January 2025

Abstract not available
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 1-2
A rare case of Leiomyosarcoma of the Prostate presenting with Recurrent Hematuria and Retention of Urine
Authors: Shafiquzzaman Md , Rahman Md Habibur , Hossain Tohid Mohammad Saiful , Hossain Md Shamim , Chakravarty Saumitra , Islam Md Serajul
Published: January 2025

Leiomyosarcoma of the prostate is an extremely rare aggressive tumor accounting for only 0.1-0.2% of all malignant prostatic tumors. About two hundred cases have been reported worldwide in the literature so far. There are no specific clinical features and imaging characteristics that can detect the condition, rather it is a histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. So, a high degree of skepticism is needed in patients with hematuria, obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms with normal serum prostate specific antigen to detect the condition in time. Though there is no certain treatment modality for this condition, a multidisciplinary approach and aggressive management may benefit the patient. Here we report a case presented with recurrent episodes of hematuria, retention of urine and a history of transurethral resection of prostate multiple times which revealed benign prostatic hyperplasia. We have performed radical cystoprostatectomy of this patient which revealed Leiomyosarcoma of the Prostate. The patient was referred to clinical oncology for further management. But unfortunately, the patient died before receiving any systemic therapy.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 52-57
Comparison Between Transmesocolic Approach and Laterocolic Approach for Left Sided Needlescopic Pyeloplasty in Children
Authors: Naser Md Fazal , Haider Mominul , Afroz Roksana , Arif Taslim , Munir Serajum , Shaheed Saika
Published: January 2025

Background:Transmesocolic (TMC) approachis an alternative approach to ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) that has been shown to reduce operative time compared to the standard laterocolic (LC) approach during laparoscopic pyeloplasty. It offers a direct path to the left UPJ through the mesocolon with less tissue dissection and bowel manipulation. In this study we evaluated the outcome of transmesocolic (TMC) laparoscopic pyeloplasty compared with conventional laterocolic procedure.
Materials and Methods: We started laparoscopic pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 2015. Since then, 56 patients of left side disease have undergone this surgery in our institution. To access the left ureteropelvic junction, we used the conventional latero-colic (LC) approach in 33 patients, while the transmesocolic (TMC) approach was used in the remaining 23 patients, and perioperative results and follow-up data were then compared.
Results: The mean operative time using the transmesocolic approach was significantly shorter than the conventional laterocolic approach (97 vs. 160 min, p=0.022). Furthermore, there was no complication or open conversion.  In early postoperative period, 1 (3.03%) patient in laterocolic approach group developed ileus. Postoperative pain, mean hospital stay was similar in both groups. All patients were symptom-free after 1 year of follow-up, and radiologic success rates for each group were 90 and 88%, respectively.
Conclusion: Direct exposure of the ureteropelvic junction via the mesocolon saves time during the colon mobilization procedure. The approach is safe and feasible and has success rates similar to those of the conventional laterocolic approach.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(1): 40-43
Genomic Testing and New molecular treatment of Prostate Cancer 2024
Authors: Salam Muhammad Abdus
Published: January 2025

Abstract not available
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2023; 26(2):58-63
РОЗРОБКА ПРОПОЗИЦІЙ ЩОДО ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСУ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СУДНА ШЛЯХОМ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ САПР НА РАННІХ СТАДІЯХ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ
Authors: Трофименко Ірина Валеріївна , Трофименко Анастасія Олегівна , Тришин Вячеслав Валентинович , Дорофєєва Зоя Яковлівна
Published: January 2025

Метою статті є розробка пропозицій щодо оптимізації процесу проектування судна шляхом впровадження системи автоматизованого проектування для створення цифрової моделі на ранніх етапах проектування та виробництва, від концептуального проектування до експлуатації. Поставлена мета досягається шляхом аналізу проблем використання 2Dмоделей та напрямків впровадження 3D моделей на всіх етапах проектування судна. У даній статті розглядається можливе рішення проблеми недостатньої ефективності на ранніх стадіях проектування, які до сих пір базуються на 2D кресленнях. Галузь потребує нового 3D-підходу, який включатиме зміну процедур та використання відповідного інструменту систем автоматизованого проектування для створення цифрової моделі на ранніх етапах проектування та виробництва, від концептуального проектування до експлуатації. Запропоновані пропозиції дозволять, наприклад, поліпшити визначення розташування відсіків і позиціонування обладнання за допомогою 3D моделей, удосконалити базовий етап проектування шляхом повторного використання даних, вже розроблених у загальній моделі судна, та визначити моделі у вигляді 3D-структури. Також можна провести ранню оцінку матеріалів, шкал і супутніх процесів і використати топологію для розгляду альтернатив проекту та отримання ранньої інформації про закупівлі та виготовлення матеріалів. Доведено, що для спрощення 3D-моделі можуть бути піддані процедурі ідеалізації всі структурні об'єкти, а саме усунення зазубрин, фасок, макроотворів з профілів; топологічне розширення поверхонь; зшивання поверхонь по лінії стику тощо. Найбільш суттєвим результатом є розробка пропозицій щодо оптимізації процесу проектування судна шляхом впровадження 3D моделей на ранніх етапах проектування і визначення переваг відповідного підходу. Для подальшого розвитку необхідно удосконалити 3D-моделювання в двох напрямках: по-перше, створювати чіткі та якісні моделі з можливістю їх оптимізації та спрощення для максимально ефективного використання; по-друге, розробити просте й адаптивне рішення для проектувальників, які зазвичай користуються 2D-інструментами для концептуального та базового проектування.
Ключові слова: система автоматизованого проектування, модель судна, схема проектування; етапи проектування, 3D модель, 2D модель
DAYA DUKUNG TANAH LEMPUNG YANG DISTABILISASI DENGAN SPENT CATALYST RCC 15 DAN KAPUR
Authors: Srie Gunarti Anita Setyowati
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan pembangunan disamping menghasilkan berbagai produk dan jasa, juga akan menghasilkan limbah. Penanganan limbah dapat dilakukan dengan cara perolehan kembali, pemanfaatan kembali dan daur ulang, pemanfaatan ini disamping akan mengurangi limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun, baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas akan mengoptimalkan sumber daya alam. Tanah merupakan material dengan sifat yang sangat kompleks. Perlu adanya perbaikan sifat fisik dan mekanis tanah jika dijumpai tanah yang tidak memenuhi syarat teknis untuk dapat digunakan sebagai pendukung bangunan atau jalan. Oleh karenanya, sebelum digunakan sebagai pendukung bangunan, perlu penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai stabilisasi tanah. Pada penelitian ini digunakan limbah dari UP VI Pertamina Balongan Indramayu yang diproduksi cukup besar yaitu spent catalyst dipadu dengan kapur sebagai bahan stabilisasi tanah lempung. Salah satu metode stabilisasi tanah yaitu stabilisasi kimia sebagai upaya meningkatkan kekuatan, mereduksi penurunan, dan memperbaiki sifat fisik dan mekanis lainnya. Pada penelitian ini, dipakai metode stabilisasi kimia yaitu dengan melakukan serangkaian uji sifat fisik dan uji sifat mekanik, diantaranya yaitu UCS serta California Bearing ratio (CBR) pada tanah asli dan tanah yang distabilisasi dengan kapur 3% dan spent catalyst 1,5%, 3%, 4,5% yang diperam selama 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan nilai CBR unsoaked yang sangat signifikan terhadap tanah asli yaitu sebesar 193,38% pada tanah dengan variasi 4,5%RCC+3%Kapur untuk penetrasi 2,5mm, peningkatan sebesar 195,95% pada tanah dengan variasi 4,5%RCC+3%Kapur untuk penetrasi 5mm. Adapun Nilai UCS menunjukkan peningkatan nilai sebesar 59,95% pada tanah dengan variasi 4,5%RCC+3%Kapur terhadap tanah asli.
Kata Kunci: Spent Catalyst RCC, CBR, UCS, Kapur, Stabilisasi Tanah
Mix Design Method and Void Performance of Concrete for Pervious Concrete Pavement
Authors: Kaijo Satoshi , Kokubu Katsuro , Ueno Atsushi , Uji Kimitaka
Published: January 2025

Pervious concrete pavement is drawing increasing attention for its high content of interconnected voids which is expected to reduce the environmental impact as concrete is often counted as a causal factor of the urban heat island phenomenon. Performance of pervious concrete can be measured by water permeability, water retentivity and noise reduction effect. Although active research is being made, no established standards or indicators for pervious concrete are available in Japan. Terms are not defined yet, and no method has been established for mix design. The purpose of this study is to present a mix design method that provides pervious concrete with a design void content and required performance level. The authors developed a theoretical model of pervious concrete under different void conditions, derived theoretical equations of void content from the model, and proposed a mix design method using the theoretical equations for pervious concrete for pavement. The proposed method takes into account the physical properties of the aggregate including solid volume percentage in addition to the densities of the materials. The close relationship between the strength and water permeability of pervious concrete and the physical properties and void structures of the materials was confirmed both experimentally and analytically.
Performance of Pervious Concrete Pavement in Freeze-Thaw Conditions and With Winter Maintenance
Authors: Henderson Vimy , Tighe Susan L. , Bertrand Jacques
Published: January 2025

In 2007 the Cement Association of Canada, industry members and the Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology at the University of Waterloo partnered to carry out a study to evaluate the behavior of pervious concrete pavement in the Canadian climate. Field sites have been constructed and monitored and laboratory testing has also been carried out on pervious concrete pavement. This paper focuses on the behavior that has been demonstrated by pervious concrete in the laboratory when exposed to two factors: freeze-thaw cycling and moisture; and winter maintenance. The behavior was assessed in terms of permeability and surface distress development. Freeze-thaw cycling and moisture proved to on occasion alter the interior structure of the pervious concrete pavement. The extent to which this occurs is deemed to be related to the paste characteristics. Salt solution as a winter maintenance technique was found to be very damaging to the pervious concrete samples. Sand as a winter maintenance method led to minimal surface distress development. Permeability was decreased with the use of sand and salt solutions as winter maintenance techniques; however, remained adequate with both. This laboratory research presents results that should be applied to field sites for verification in full scale scenarios. In general the presence of freeze-thaw cycles, moisture and winter maintenance did not lead to poor performance of the pervious concrete pavement in the laboratory.
Evaluation of the Linear Damage Assumption in JPCP Bottom-up Fatigue Cracking
Authors: Andres Nicholas , Chatti Karim
Published: January 2025

Current pavement design methods for Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements assume that bottom-up fatigue cracking occurs at one critical location at the mid-slab edge and that damage accumulates linearly and can be described via S-N curves. More recently, experiments have shown that fatigue does not accumulate linearly. This assumption will lead to an accumulation of prediction error which depends on the sequence of applied loads. In this paper, a modified Paris fatigue equation is used to simulate mid-slab edge fatigue damage. The fatigue equation accounts for the transient and steady state stages of cracking in addition to the peak and stress range effects. An interpolation scheme was used to determine the pavement stresses at the bottom mid-slab edge. The interpolation scheme was constructed from a total of 35,000+ FEM runs in EVERFE. Intra-axle peak and valley stresses were accounted for so load history and R-ratio effects could be assessed simultaneously. Two different climatic regions were considered: Miami, FL and Lansing, MI. The results of this study suggest that the dominant stress and R ratio fall between 0 and 0.1 for both climates. In addition, it seems that although high stress ratios (0.7-0.9) occur infrequently (less than 1% for both cases), the life of the pavement is strongly correlated with high stress ratio events. Finally, it is shown that damage may be under-predicted using a linear damage rule because it does not account for the over-load effect. This under-prediction can be corrected by re-calibrating the percent slabs cracked equation.
Causes and Effects of Longitudinal Shrinkage and Temperature Stresses on JPCP for Dutch Conditions
Authors: Pradena Mauricio , Houben Lambert
Published: January 2025

In 2010 Houben has published a paper on the modelling of the process of cracking at transverse joints in jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP). Houben uses equations from the standard Eurocode 2 for the time-dependent concrete properties and considers the thermal deformation and the shrinkage (drying and autogenous) for different design and construction conditions. For properties that are not available in standards, Houben made assumptions based on engineering judgment. In this present paper the point of departure is the Houben model, and now the assumptions made in his work are studied more in depth. The paper also includes an improvement of the development of the concrete elastic modulus and strength. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to improve the theoretical background of the assumptions and the determination of the effects of longitudinal shrinkage and temperature stresses on JPCP for Dutch conditions. Concerning one of the most important influencing factors, the relaxation, a new equation is proposed. From both the theoretical and the practical point of view these improvements describe in a better way the causes and effects of longitudinal shrinkage and temperature stresses on JPCP for Dutch conditions.
Precast Prestressed Concrete Pavements for Sustainable Pavement Rehabilitation in the USA
Authors: Merritt David K. , Tyson Samuel S.
Published: January 2025

During the last ten years significant progress has been made in the USA to demonstrate precast prestressed concrete pavement (PPCP) technology and the benefits associated with its use for pavement rehabilitation. Precast concrete is receiving broad recognition as a preferred method for the rapid rehabilitation of highway pavements in high-volume traffic corridors where lane closures must be kept to a minimum. The PPCP system is being embraced not only for rapid installation and facilitating the return of the roadway to daily service; but also as long-life sustainable solution to the growing need to rehabilitate pavements that have served admirably since the late 1950s and early 1960s. The primary reasons for using the PPCP technology are two-fold: to accelerate construction during nighttime and other off-peak traffic windows thereby reducing the user delays; and to produce a highly durable long-lasting pavement structure. Additionally, through the use of prestressing, the precast concrete pavement provides significant benefits associated with increased load carrying capacity, improved life cycle cost, and enhanced sustainability. The use of prestressing allows the use of a thinner pavement slab, thereby increasing load carrying capacity while maintaining the elevation of the existing roadway and reducing concrete quantities by up to forty percent compared to conventional jointed concrete pavement alternatives. Furthermore, with fewer working joints following post-tensioning, the prestressed pavement inhibits the ingress of rainwater to the base and offers reductions in anticipated maintenance activities. This paper will discuss sustainability benefits and provide a summary of advances in the use of PPCP in the USA through 2011 that have occurred since the publication of a paper by the authors in the proceedings of the 8th ICCP conference in 2005. Case studies will be presented, in chronological order, for PPCP projects constructed or planned for construction in Missouri, Iowa, Delaware, Indonesia, Virginia, California and Florida. A brief summary of a major adaptation of the PPCP technology for roadways to enhance transportation networks in Indonesia will also be provided.
New Innovations in Precast Concrete Pavement
Authors: Mishra Tinu , Merritt David K.
Published: January 2025

The need for rapid, long-lasting, sustainable concrete pavement rehabilitation strategies has never been greater for our ageing highway system. Work windows for pavement reconstruction and rehabilitation are often as little as 4-5 hours, limiting the options available for concrete pavement rehabilitation techniques. Recently, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), District 4, broke tradition from their traditional approach of concrete pavement rehabilitation by using prestressed precast concrete pavement to rehabilitate an existing concrete pavement on a very heavily travelled highway in the San Francisco Bay Area. The project incorporated a prestressed concrete pavement (PPCP) on a large scale. While the use of precast prestressed concrete pavement is not a new idea, some new innovations were incorporated into this project. These innovations included the use of two-way pretensioning (longitudinal and transverse directions), elimination of stressing pockets in the surface of the pavement, use of multi-strand post-tensioning ducts, and use of longer single-lane panels ranging in length from 5.5 to 11 m (18 to 36 ft). This paper discusses the development and deployment of precast prestressed concrete pavement technology on this project, including fabrication and installation issues, as well as challenges encountered throughout the project.
Experiences Resulted from Construction of Two-way Post-Tensioned Concrete Pavement
Authors: Seruga Andrzej , Szydłowski Rafał
Published: January 2025

In this paper there are presented results of experimental investigation and preliminary conclusions dealing with the efficiency of early posttensioning concrete pavement. Short section of concrete pavement 3.5 by 20.0 m (11.5 by 65.6 ft) thickness 0.23 m (9 in.) was posttensioned in longitudinal and transverse direction. The total prestressing was realized in one stage after 48 hours from concreting. The unbonded tendons 75 mm (0.6 in.) were tensioned with 200 kN (45 kip) force in both direction. The aim of investigation was the experimental evaluation of temperature and concrete strains distributions during the process of pavement concrete hardening for different environmental condition for period of 13 months. Values of prestressing force distribution were monitoring for 26 days period. For this reason, unbonded tendons were equipped with vibrating wire force transducer Geokon type. The concrete strains as well as temperature changes were recorded with Geokon vibrating wire sensors localized at three levels of the slab thickness in four vertical cross-section.
Effect of Traffic Load Characterization (ESAL versus Axle load Spectra) on Rigid Pavement Performance
Authors: Haider Syed Waqar , Buch Neeraj , Chatti Karim
Published: January 2025

Traffic is a significant factor in the pavement design process. Traffic characterization includes both the load magnitude and the number of load repetitions for each axle configuration. The two procedures for characterizing traffic in pavement design include: (a) fixed vehicle/axle, and (b) variable traffic and vehicle/axle. The concept of equivalent single axle load (ESAL) was developed in the AASHTO design guide while mechanistic-empirical design method, including the new M-E PDG, uses axle load spectra (ALS) to characterize traffic loadings and repetitions. The main objective of the paper is to assess the effects of different load characterizations (ESAL versus ALS) on rigid pavement performance. This is accomplished by characterizing axle load spectra as a bimodal mixture distribution and then using its parameters to estimate ESALs. Two specific aspects of this study are to: (a) evaluate the effect of equivalent ALS—different axle load spectra which are equivalent in ESALs on predicted rigid pavement performance; and (b) assess the effect of different axle load spectra on pavement performance by varying the number of repetitions to achieve the same ESALs. The results show that assuming axle load spectra which are not site-specific and achieving the desired level of ESALs by changing the number of repetitions may not give reliable estimates of expected pavement performance as compared to site-specific axle load spectra.
Effect of PCC Material Properties on MEPDG Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) Performance Prediction
Authors: Ceylan Halil , Kim Sunghwan , Schwartz Charles W. , Li Rui , Gopalakrishnan Kasthurirangan
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on comprehensive sensitivity analyses of various rigid pavement scenarios. Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP) sections designed for three traffic levels in each of five climate zones are evaluated in the sensitivity analyses. One-at-a-time (OAT) local sensitivity analysis was implemented using a design limit normalized sensitivity index (NSI) to provide both quantitative and qualitative sensitivity information. All portland cement concrete (PCC) material properties examined showed sensitivity to at least one rigid pavement performance measure. The highest ranked sensitive inputs for JPCP analysis include the PCC strength and stiffness properties and the curling and warping related properties. The findings of this study can provide some practical guidance in PCC material property selection for rigid pavement practitioners in using MEPDG.
Lessons Learned from MEPDG Development: A Confession of the JPCP MEPDG Developers
Authors: Khazanovich Lev , Darter Michael I.
Published: January 2025

After 15 years from the initiation of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 1-37A project, the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) developed under that study has been adopted by the American Association State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and is in the process of adoption by many transportation agencies in the United States and abroad. Although it may take some time until the MEPDG completely replaces current empirical procedures, it is important to reflect on the lessons learned from the MEPDG development. The MEPDG was never envisioned as the “final answer” for all the pavement design problems, but rather an important milestone in the continuous improvement of the pavement design methodology. The MEPDG was supposed to reflect the state of the practice of the late 1990s. The MEPDG documentation includes volumes of appendixes that provide information for researchers, but some information that is important for future improvements of the MEPDG has never been recorded. This paper describes some of the experiences and lessons learned from the development of the MEPDG. This experience may be useful in the development of future M-E designs for jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP).
PCC Slab Temperature Gradients as a Function of Structure and Environment Experience from the SHRP II R21 Composite Pavement Test Track
Authors: Coleri Erem , Popescu Lorina , Signore James M. , Wu Rongzong , Harvey John T.
Published: January 2025

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) II R21 Composite Pavement Research Project test track constructed at University of California Pavement Research Center (UCPRC) ATIRC facility has yielded significant Portland cement concrete (PCC) temperature data over the nearly past two years of testing. The nine different test sections consisted of combinations of plain and hot mix asphalt (HMA) overlaid jointed plain concrete (JPCP) pavement sections of varying thicknesses. Over 135 thermo couples were placed at five depths and three locations within each slab and have been continuously monitored since test track construction. This paper will identify the changes in PCC slab temperature gradients as a function of PCC slab thickness (178mm and 127mm), HMA overlay thickness (114mm, 64mm, and 0mm) and type (Polymer modified and rubber). Results provide important information about the thermal insulation effect of HMA layer to reduce temperature gradients in PCC layers and provide experimental data for continued evaluation of the effects of reduced temperature gradients on PCC layer cracking performance.
Evaluation of the Positive Impact on CO2 Emission and Safety Using Concrete Pavements in Italian Tunnels
Authors: Miseri Fabio , Di Mascio Paola
Published: January 2025

The paper estimates the total energy savings (MW/year) and the corresponding reduction of CO2 emissions, in tons of oil equivalent (toe), obtainable in the Italian tunnels, replacing asphalt pavements with concrete ones, highlighting how concrete can contribute in: • reaching the 2020 EU target of cutting emissions by 20% from 1990 levels • supporting climate change mitigation and safety in road tunnels.
Assessment of JPCP Slab and Joint Movement under Multiple Structural and Environmental Conditions
Authors: Wu Rongzong , Signore James M. , Harvey John T. , Coleri Erdem
Published: January 2025

Jointed plain concrete (JPC) pavement slab curling and joint movement have been shown to play a major role in the cracking performance of conventional JPCP pavements and composite HMA/JPC pavements with a renewable surface. These movements have been assessed as part of the SHRP II R21 Composite Pavement project at the University of California Pavement Research Center ATIRC test track. Environmentally induced slab movement both internal and at slab joints was evaluated under several conditions; two slab thicknesses, doweled and undoweled slabs, and overlayed (two thicknesses) and non-overlayed JPC slabs. The aim of this paper is to summarize findings of slab movement research and how this movement is affected by different variables. With the increasing push toward mechanistic design for concrete pavements, the importance of this information becomes ever greater.
Roller Compacted Concrete for Road Base Layer with RAP and Steel Fibers: Viscous Properties and Description of Experimental Sites
Authors: Bilodeau Kevin , Sauzéat Cedric , Di Benedetto Herve , Olard François
Published: January 2025

A high-performance composite material consisting of reinforced compacted cement concrete including Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) has been investigated. This composite material is used as a base layer in combination with an asphalt overlay for heavy traffic roads. Steel fibers are used to minimize crack opening. RAP is added to preserve raw material and to comply with sustainable development, especially in the case of in-situ treatments. Composites with different RAP and fiber content and cement content were studied both in laboratory and on site. The laboratory study is divided into two parts. First, classical standard tests for road concrete were carried out: compressive strength, compressive modulus and tensile splitting strength, with a view to the design of pavement structures to be used on site. Secondly, more comprehensive rheological tests, such as complex modulus and fatigue tests, were performed to obtain a better knowledge of material behavior. Then, on-site behavior was studied from two experimental sites. The presence of bitumen in cement-treated composites induces an increase of viscous properties, observed mainly on the phase angle. These composites respect the time-temperature superposition principle and can be fitted by a visco-elastic rheological model.
Impact of the Discount Rate on Long Life Pavement Capital Improvements: A Discussion of the Financial Inputs
Authors: Tritsch Steven L.
Published: January 2025

One of the most influential characteristics of a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is the discount rate. This paper looks at the impact of using a real discount rate that does not take into account the individual inflation rates for each commodity, the decline of the purchasing power of the agency’s dollar value, and the rate of transportation dollars being deposited for programming. A premise in using the real discount rate is the use of constant or real dollars when looking at future activities. Constant dollars essentially equate the future purchasing power of the dollar to be the same as today’s purchasing power. The paper will demonstrate that this is not the case which is further substantiated by the adjustment in contract price that many State transportations agencies allow for this purpose. Most agencies assume a 30-year Treasury rate as the basis when computing their real discount rate for use in pavement type selection. An improved approach would be to look at the agency’s projected funding levels on an annual basis as the rate of return for their investment and using individual commodity rates of inflation to account for future expenditures. This would account for anticipated deposits that can be programmed for future work.
Long Term Performance of Phase 1 Jointed Concrete Pavement Test Sections at the MnROAD Facility
Authors: Burnham Thomas R.
Published: January 2025

Since 1994, the MnROAD pavement test facility has conducted comprehensive measurements of the performance and response of a variety of jointed concrete pavement designs. The primary objective of each MnROAD test section is to provide data toward validation or improvement of pavement performance prediction models. This paper examines the long-term trends of several critical performance parameters, for each of the fourteen original jointed concrete pavement sections constructed during Phase 1 (1994-2007) of MnROAD. These parameters include slab cracking, transverse joint deflection and load transfer efficiency, and ride quality. Through continual monitoring of the long-term performance of MnROAD jointed concrete pavement sections, there now exists a useful database of information related to concrete pavement behavior, particularly in colder climates. Analysis of MnROAD Phase 1 data reaffirms that AASHTO-based design methods are conservative in their prediction of performance.
Impact of Farm Equipment Loading on Rigid Pavement Performance Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wang Shiyun , Ceylan Halil , Kim Sunghwan , Gopalakrishnan Kasthurirangan , Khazanovich Lev , Dai Shongtao
Published: January 2025

The increase in agricultural product sales in recent years has led to the use of larger hauling and application equipment to transfer farm productions. This rapid shift in equipment size has raised a concern about their potential to cause significant damage in pavements and bridges. The study reported in this paper (part of a larger pooled fund study initiated in 2007) discusses the impact of farm equipment loading on rigid pavement performance based on Finite Element (FE) analysis. The study considered various types of farm equipment to determine the pavement responses and to quantify their damage on rigid pavement systems. The ISLAB2005 FE pavement response model was employed for numerical modeling and analysis of the test sections subjected to farm equipment loading. The results of FE analysis demonstrated that the rigid pavement damage caused by farm vehicles is governed by their axle weight rather than the gross vehicle weight. The FE analysis also showed that the damage resulting from farm equipment loading coupled with PCC slab curling could have a devastating effect on concrete pavement performance.