bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The removal of turbid materials from AMD using bentonite clay, Fe or Al salt, MgCO3 and flocculent with varying agitations
Authors: Ntwampe I. O.
Published: May 2020

A series of experiments was conducted using 200 mL of acid mine drainage (AMD) collected from Krugersdorp, South Africa, to determine turbid materials removal efficiency of a combination of bentonite clay, Fe or Al salt and MgCO3. The sample was poured into five 500 mL glass beakers using bentonite clay, FeCl3, AlCl3 and MgCO3 dosage respectively. The samples were treated in jar test at rapid and slow mixing, allowed to settle for 1 hour, then the pH, conductivity, total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO) and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) were measured (exp A). A second and third similar sets of experiments were conducted with a combination of bentonite clay and MgCO3 (flocculent) dosage (exp B), and FeCl3 with slow mixing only (exp C). Experimental results revealed that the pH of treated effluent with bentonite clay does not exhibit significant increasing trend because of insignificant hydrolysis, whereas the pH of samples with FeCl3, AlCl3 and MgCO3 exhibit a slight decreasing trend, showing a low rate of hydrolysis. The DO and ORP of treated effluent does not show a significant changing trend compared to the untreated AMD sample. Residual TSS of the AMD samples treated with a flocculent is lower than the samples treated with bentonite clay, FeCl, AlCl3 and MgCO3. Residual turbidity of the samples with rapid mixing is identical to that of the corresponding samples with slow mixing. TSS removal efficiency of a flocculent is higher compared to other reagents. The results show that synthetic flocculent is an ideal replacement for inorganic coagulants. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs exhibit slides with dense-sponge like flocs showing high adsorption capacity.
Saponins from the Sea Cucumber Promote the Osteoblast Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells through the Activation of the BMP2/ Smads Pathway
Authors: Li Zhuo , Tian Yingying , Ma Hongge , Wang Meiling , Yan Ziyi , Xue Changhu , Wang Jingfeng
Published: May 2020

Background:

Several studies have shown that plant saponins promoted osteoblast differentiation
and improved osteoporosis. In the current study, Sea Cucumber Saponin (SCS) with a purity of
80% was extracted from Filipino sea cucumber, with a similar structure to plant saponins.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the effects of SCS on bone formation in vitro and ex vivo.

Results:

SCS significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells,
as well as new osteoid formation in neonatal mouse calvarias ex vivo. qRT-PCR results indicated that
SCS markedly down-regulated the expression of C/EBPα* and PPARγ at the levels of transcription,
which demonstrate that SCS inhibits the trans-differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells to an adipocytic phenotype.
Moreover, further studies revealed that SCS increased the expression levels of Runx2 and
OSX. The mechanism revealed that SCS induced the expression of BMP2 and p-Smad1/5, which indicated
that SCS facilitated osteogenesis via activating the BMP2/Smads signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

SCS promoted osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by activating the BMP2/
Smads molecular pathway, providing a theoretical basis for the development of sea cucumber saponins
for the treatment to bone loss diseases such as osteoporosis.
Chemometrics and Thermal Analytical Investigation of Ancient Human Bones Through the Estimation of Activation Energy Values of Main Degradation Processes
Authors: Biancolillo Alessandra , Tomassetti Mauro , Bucci Remo , Marini Federico , Campanella Luigi
Published: May 2020

Background:

The investigation of human bones unearthed from necropolises is a useful
tool to enhance our knowledge about ancient cultures. In the present study, the possibility of using
the activation energy (EA) values of thermogravimetric degradation processes coupled with exploratory
analysis methods in order to investigate human remains, has been tested.

Methods:

Several human bones from four distinct necropolises have been analyzed by thermogravimetry
and then thirteen different approaches have been used to estimate their activation energy of
the degradation processes of carbonate and collagen. The entire set of data has been analyzed by
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in order to draw some preliminary considerations over the remains.

Results:

PCA analysis highlighted the possibility of recognizing grouping tendencies related to the
funeral ritual bodies underwent and/or their age. Additionally, in the second part of the work, where
the focus is on the activation energies of collagen and carbonates degradation processes estimated by
the method which was considered the most reliable (i.e., the Arrhenius formula with the third order
decay), some tentative considerations about a trend in cremation temperatures are drawn.

Conclusion:

The estimation of values from thermogravimetric signals combined with chemometrics
is a useful tool for the investigation of bone samples, which allow obtaining additional info about
trends and/or grouping tendencies in complex systems as human remains.
Transcending the Cutaneous Barrier Through Nanocarrier Exploration for Passive Delivery of Anti-hypertensive Drugs: A Critical Review
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Utreja Puneet
Published: May 2020

Background:

Hypertension comes under the category of chronic disease, which requires
long term treatment. Hypertension is usually treated by oral administration of various therapeutic
agents. There are several limitations of the oral route, making pharmaceutical scientists to discover an
alternative route for drug delivery.

Methods:

The transdermal route may be a better alternative as it shows various advantages like lack of
first-pass effect and high patient compliance. The skin may act as a primary barrier for the transdermal
delivery of anti-hypertensive drugs; therefore, new approaches are required to cross this barrier.
Nanocarrier systems come under these new approaches to cross the skin barrier. Various nanocarrier
systems explored for transdermal delivery of antihypertensive drugs are liposomes, elastic liposomes,
ethosomes, transethosomes, oleic acid vesicles, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid
carriers, nanoemulsions/microemulsions, and carbon nanotubes.

Results:

This review summarizes the potential of advanced nanocarrier systems for effective management
of hypertension following the transdermal route. The entire literature search regarding the utility
of nanocarrier systems in transdermal delivery of antihypertensive drugs was done by using Pubmed
and Google Scholar.

Conclusion:

Nanocarrier systems are capable of reducing various drawbacks of conventional formulations
of antihypertensive drugs like excessive first-pass effects, high dosing frequency, and toxicity
promoting high patient compliance. However, the clinical efficacy determination of such nanocarrier
systems is still a challenge and it will govern their presence in the global pharmaceutical market.
Desarrollo de un nanosensor aptamérico basado en nanotriángulos de oro para la detección de aflatoxina B1 mediante LSPR
Authors: Veliz Portal Lorena , Licuona Puma Mary Carmen , Córdova Tuppia Sara , Hernández García Yulán , Galarreta Asian Betty
Published: May 2020

La aflatoxina B1 (AFB1) es una micotoxina producida por la especie de hongos Aspergillus que afecta a una gran variedad de productos agrícolas como la kiwicha. La AFB1 es conocida por ser nefrotóxica, hepatotóxica y carcinogénica, lo que ha llevado a una estricta regulación en todo el mundo y a la necesidad de tener nuevos métodos que permitan su detección rápida, sencilla y selectiva. Los nanosensores aptaméricos basados en nanotriángulos de oro (AuNTs) surgen como una alternativa simple y eficaz a los sistemas tradicionales de detección. Por una parte, los aptámeros hacen que el sistema sea estable y muy selectivo debido a su gran afinidad, pero a un bajo costo y, por otro, las excepcionales propiedades ópticas de las nanopartículas de oro permiten implementar el sensor en una técnica analítica sencilla como la espectroscopía UV-Vis-NIR. Esto se debe a la resonancia de plasmón superficial localizado (LSPR), que permite monitorear la interacción entre el aptámero y la toxina y relacionar los cambios espectrales con el contenido de micotoxina. Los nanosensores aptaméricos desarrollados en esta investigación fueron evaluados en diferentes solventes y tampones, siendo el mejor de ellos el de PBS pH 7.5 (R2 = 0.98101) logrando detectar AFB1 en el rango de 0-780 ppbs. Adicionalmente, el análisis multivariante por regresión de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS) de los espectros logró obtener un límite de detección de 22 ppbs. Finalmente, los nanosensores han demostrado ser lo suficientemente robustos para obtener buenos resultados aun en matrices complejas como extractos de kiwicha.
Puesta en marcha de un laboratorio para la caracterización de tecnologías fotovoltaicas a sol real bajo las condiciones climáticas de Lima
Authors: Conde Mendoza Luis Angel , Montes Romero Jesús , Carhuavilca Vela Alejandro Manuel , Perich Ibañez Renzo Alberto , Guerra Torres Jorge Andrés , Sevillano Bendezú Miguel Angel , Calsi Silva Brando Xavier , Angulo Abanto José Rubén , De la Casa Higueras Juan , Palomino Töfflinger Jan Amaru
Published: May 2020

En este trabajo se presenta el diseño, la implementación y los primeros resultados de un Laboratorio de Investigación Fotovoltaica desarrollado en las instalaciones del Grupo de Ciencia de Materiales y Energías Renovables (MatER-PUCP) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú en colaboración con el Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo en Energía Solar y Automática (IDEA) de la Universidad de Jaén (UJA) de España. Este laboratorio es uno de los primeros en el país con el equipamiento adecuado para la calibración y certificación de diferentes tecnologías, comerciales y emergentes, de módulos fotovoltaicos en el mercado peruano.  Los resultados que se esperan obtener mediante una extensa campaña experimental, que inició en mayo del 2019, podrán ser ofertados a empresas u otras instituciones públicas, como estudios detallados del comportamiento y degradación de las diferentes tecnologías de módulos fotovoltaicos en función de las condiciones climáticas particulares de la ciudad de Lima (niveles de irradiancia y su componente difuso, temperatura de operación, humedad, distribución espectral, y polvo).
Deshidratación de frutas en un módulo solar multipropósito
Authors: Oré García Julio , Pérez Sáez Julio Fernando , Janampa Quispe Kléber , Cerón Balboa Octavio , Morales Morales Oswaldo
Published: May 2020

La ingesta de frutas deshidratadas contribuye a disminuir los problemas digestivos, favorece el tránsito intestinal, mejora el sistema gastrointestinal y previene los problemas de garganta, entre otras bondades. En este trabajo, utilizando un módulo solar multipropósito (MSM), el cual fue diseñado y construido por el equipo investigador del Centro de Energías Renovables de la Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga (UNSCH), se deshidrató manzanas, piñas y plátanos, constituyendo un producto a comercializar, al cual lo denominamos SNACK SOLAR. La evaluación físico-químico de estas frutas deshidratadas muestran que se mejoró enormemente la concentración del ácido ascórbico (vitamina C), así en 100 g de manzana aumentó de 0.833 mg a 13.33 mg, en 100 g de piña aumentó de 27.5 mg a 39.33 mg y en 100 g de plátanos aumento de 13.83 mg a 39.33 mg, lo cual representa un aporte significativo a la alimentación humana, más aún, utilizando como recurso la energía solar térmica. El snack solar no lleva ningún preservante, ni saborizante, como si lo llevan los productos similares industrializados, por ello también, su tiempo de vida es de solo algunos días. Este proyecto es una propuesta innovadora de incubadora de micro empresas que surge desde el interior de las aulas universitarias.
Secado del ají panca en un secador solar fotovoltaico de tubos al vacío
Authors: Palo Tejada Juan , Puma Taco Alicia , Campos Falcón Enriqueta
Published: May 2020

En este trabajo se realizaron pruebas del secado del ají panca en un secador solar de aire por coveccion forzada que utiliza  quince tubos de vacío (Heat pipe), una cabina cerrada donde se coloca el producto y una  turbina tipo jaula de ardilla que es alimentada por un sistema de dos paneles fotovoltaicos  de 50W cada uno.  El aire calentado es impulsado por la turbina desde los tubos al vacío hasta el producto que se encuentra en la cabina, en este trabajo se utilizó la ecuacion de difusión de Fick unidimencional y metodos númericos para determinar el coeficiente de transferencia de masa 2.61 x 10-9 m/s y el coeficiente de difusividad efectiva 1.52 x 10-10 m2/s y se concluyo que la temperatura de secado de 55 °C es la que mejor que se ajusta a los resultados estimados por el modelo. El secador solar de tubos al vacío es capaz de mantener una temperatura de operación entre 50 °C a 55 °C  para una irradiancia de 450 a 1100 W/m2  entre las 9:30 y las 14:30  horas,  en estas condiciones,  en dos días se consigue secar el aji panca hasta un 8 % de contenido de humedad. El secado tradicional de este producto, toma entre siete y diez días.
Simulación y análisis del comportamiento térmico de una sala informática en una zona cálido-húmeda
Authors: Mendoza Vela Dora , Castro Mendoza Cecilia Inés , Mendoza Vela Pablo Alberto
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer el comportamiento térmico de una Sala Informática en diferentes situaciones de uso académico. La misma se encuentra en una Sede Universitaria de la ciudad de Orán (Provincia de Salta, Argentina), lugar caracterizado por tener un clima cálido-húmedo. La simulación se realiza para un periodo de 11 días dentro el periodo lectivo, recurriendo a los datos del Servicio Meteorológico Nacional y a mediciones in situ. El software usado para la simulación es SIMEDIF. La metodología de trabajo incluye actividades de relevamiento, mediciones, preparación de datos y de escenarios académicos, simulación y análisis de resultados. A partir de los resultados de la simulación se detectan situaciones de disconfort y se calcula la carga térmica requerida para superarlas. Se plantea la necesidad de incorporar estrategias bioclimáticas y de enfriamiento pasivo a fin de lograr el confort higro-térmico con el mínimo consumo energético y el mínimo impacto al medio ambiente. La importancia del trabajo radica en poder lograr una primera aproximación al comportamiento real térmico de un ambiente mediante la modelización y simulación con herramientas computacionales.
Physical Activity With Tailored mHealth Support for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Michalsen Henriette , Wangberg Silje Camilla , Hartvigsen Gunnar , Jaccheri Letizia , Muzny Miroslav , Henriksen André , Olsen Monica Isabel , Thrane Gyrd , Jahnsen Reidun Birgitta , Pettersen Gunn , Arntzen Cathrine , Anke Audny
Published: May 2020

Background

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have lower levels of physical activity (PA) and greater barriers for participation in fitness activities compared with members of the general population. As increased PA has positive effects on cardiovascular and psychosocial health, it is exceedingly important to identify effective interventions for use in everyday settings. Mobile health (mHealth) methods such as motion sensor games (exergames) and smartphone reminders for PA have been explored and found to be promising in individuals with IDs.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of an individually tailored PA program with motivational mHealth support on daily levels of PA in youth and adults with IDs.

Methods

The trial uses a randomized controlled design comprising 30 intervention participants and 30 control group participants, aged 16 to 60 years, with sedentary lifestyles or low PA levels. While the controls will receive standard care, the intervention aims to increase the level of PA, measured as steps per day, as the primary outcome. Secondary outcome variables are body mass index, blood pressure, physical performance, social support for PA, self-efficacy in a PA setting, behavior problems, and goal attainment. The intervention involves the delivery of tailored mHealth support, using smartphones or tablets to create structure with focus on the communicative abilities of individual participants. Rewards and feedback are provided in order to motivate individuals to increase participation in PA. Participants in the intervention group, their close relatives, and care staff will be invited to participate in a preintervention goal-setting meeting, where goal attainment scaling will be used to select the participants’ PA goals for the intervention period. All participants will be assessed at baseline, at 3 months, and at 6 months.

Results

Enrollment was planned to start in April 2020 but will be delayed due to the pandemic situation. The main contribution of this paper is a detailed plan to run our study, which will produce new knowledge about tailored mHealth to support PA in individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Conclusions

We expect the new intervention to perform better than standard care in terms of improved PA, improved self-efficacy, and social support for activities. Technology offers new opportunities to promote healthy behaviors. The results of the study will determine the effectiveness and sustainability of a tailored mHealth support intervention to increase PA in youth and adults with IDs.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04079439; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04079439

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/19213
User Experiences of an Internet-Based Stepped-Care Intervention for Individuals With Cancer and Concurrent Symptoms of Anxiety or Depression (the U-CARE AdultCan Trial): Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Igelström Helena , Hauffman Anna , Alfonsson Sven , Sjöström Jonas , Cajander Åsa , Johansson Birgitta
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

The internet-based stepped-care intervention iCAN-DO, used in the multicenter randomized controlled trial AdultCan, was developed for adult patients undergoing treatment for cancer and concurrently experiencing anxiety or depressive symptoms. iCAN-DO aimed to decrease symptoms of anxiety or depression. Step 1 comprises access to a library with psychoeducational material and a peer-support section, as well as the possibility to pose questions to a nurse. Step 2 of the intervention offers treatment consisting of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) to participants still experiencing anxiety or depression at 1, 4, or 7 months after inclusion.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to explore user experiences of delivery, design, and structure of iCAN-DO from the perspective of people with cancer.

METHODS

We studied user experiences by interviewing 15 informants individually: 10 women with breast cancer (67%), 4 men with prostate cancer (27%), and 1 man with colorectal cancer (7%) with a mean age 58.9 years (SD 8.9). The interviews focused on informants' perceptions of ease of use and of system design and structure. Informants had been included in iCAN-DO for at least 7 months. They were purposefully selected based on activity in Step 1, participation in iCBT (ie, Step 2), gender, and diagnosis.

RESULTS

Of the 15 informants, 6 had been offered iCBT (40%). All informants used the internet on a daily basis, but 2 (13%) described themselves as very inexperienced computer users. The analysis revealed three subthemes, concerning how user experiences were affected by disease-specific factors and side effects (User experience in the context of cancer), technical problems (Technical struggles require patience and troubleshooting), and the structure and design of iCAN-DO (Appealing and usable, but rather simple).

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that user experiences were affected by informants’ life situations, the technical aspects and the design of iCAN-DO, and informants’ preferences. The results have generated some developments feasible to launch during the ongoing study, but if iCAN-DO is to be used beyond research interest, a greater level of tailoring of information, features, and design may be needed to improve user experiences. The use of recurrent questionnaires during the treatment period may highlight an individual’s health, but also function as a motivator showing improvements over time.
Expression of Genes Related to Lipid Handling and the Obesity Paradox in Melanoma: Database Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Giampietri Claudia , Tomaipitinca Luana , Scatozza Francesca , Facchiano Antonio
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Publicly available genomic and transcriptomic data in searchable databases allow researchers to investigate specific medical issues in thousands of patients. Many studies have highlighted the role lipids play in cancer initiation and progression and reported nutritional interventions aimed at improving prognosis and survival. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the role that fat intake may play in cancer. It is known that there is a relationship between BMI and survival in patients with cancer, and that there is an association between a high-fat diet and increased cancer risk. In some cancers, such as colorectal cancer, obesity and high fat intake are known to increase the risk of cancer initiation and progression. On the contrary, in patients undergoing treatment for melanoma, a higher BMI unexpectedly acts as a protective factor rather than a risk factor; this phenomenon is known as the obesity paradox.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to identify the molecular mechanism underlying the obesity paradox, with the expectation that this could indicate new effective strategies to reduce risk factors and improve protective approaches.

METHODS

In order to determine the genes potentially involved in this process, we investigated the expression values of lipid-related genes in patients with melanoma or colorectal cancer. We used available data from 2990 patients from 3 public databases (IST [In Silico Transcriptomics] Online, GEO [Gene Expression Omnibus], and Oncomine) in an analysis that involved 3 consecutive validation steps. Of this group, data from 1410 individuals were analyzed in the IST Online database (208 patients with melanoma and 147 healthy controls, as well as 991 patients with colorectal cancer and 64 healthy controls). In addition, 45 melanoma, 18 nevi, and 7 healthy skin biopsies were analyzed in another database, GEO, to validate the IST Online data. Finally, using the Oncomine database, 318 patients with melanoma (312 controls) and 435 patients with colorectal cancer (445 controls) were analyzed.

RESULTS

In the first and second database investigated (IST Online and GEO, respectively), patients with melanoma consistently showed significantly (P<.001) lower expression levels of 4 genes compared to healthy controls: CD36, MARCO, FABP4, and FABP7. This strong reduction was not observed in patients with colorectal cancer. An additional analysis was carried out on a DNA-TCGA data set from the Oncomine database, further validating CD36 and FABP4.

CONCLUSIONS

The observed lower expression of genes such as CD36 and FABP4 in melanoma may reduce the cellular internalization of fat and therefore make patients with melanoma less sensitive to a high dietary fat intake, explaining in part the obesity paradox observed in patients with melanoma.
A Risk Prediction Model Based on Machine Learning for Cognitive Impairment Among Chinese Community-Dwelling Elderly People With Normal Cognition: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hu Mingyue , Shu Xinhui , Yu Gang , Wu Xinyin , Välimäki Maritta , Feng Hui
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Identifying cognitive impairment early enough could support timely intervention that may hinder or delay the trajectory of cognitive impairment, thus increasing the chances for successful cognitive aging.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to build a prediction model based on machine learning for cognitive impairment among Chinese community-dwelling elderly people with normal cognition.

METHODS

A prospective cohort of 6718 older people from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) register, followed between 2008 and 2011, was used to develop and validate the prediction model. Participants were included if they were aged 60 years or above, were community-dwelling elderly people, and had a cognitive Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥18. They were excluded if they were diagnosed with a severe disease (eg, cancer and dementia) or were living in institutions. Cognitive impairment was identified using the Chinese version of the MMSE. Several machine learning algorithms (random forest, XGBoost, naïve Bayes, and logistic regression) were used to assess the 3-year risk of developing cognitive impairment. Optimal cutoffs and adjusted parameters were explored in validation data, and the model was further evaluated in test data. A nomogram was established to vividly present the prediction model.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 80.4 years (SD 10.3 years), and 50.85% (3416/6718) were female. During a 3-year follow-up, 991 (14.8%) participants were identified with cognitive impairment. Among 45 features, the following four features were finally selected to develop the model: age, instrumental activities of daily living, marital status, and baseline cognitive function. The concordance index of the model constructed by logistic regression was 0.814 (95% CI 0.781-0.846). Older people with normal cognitive functioning having a nomogram score of less than 170 were considered to have a low 3-year risk of cognitive impairment, and those with a score of 170 or greater were considered to have a high 3-year risk of cognitive impairment.

CONCLUSIONS

This simple and feasible cognitive impairment prediction model could identify community-dwelling elderly people at the greatest 3-year risk for cognitive impairment, which could help community nurses in the early identification of dementia.
Virtual Reality Cognitive Therapy in Inpatient Psychiatric Wards: Protocol for a Qualitative Investigation of Staff and Patient Views Across Multiple National Health Service Sites (Preprint)
Authors: Brown Poppy , Waite Felicity , Lambe Sinéad , Rosebrock Laina , Freeman Daniel
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Patients in psychiatric wards typically have very limited access to individual psychological therapy. Inpatients often have significant time available, and an important transition back to everyday life to prepare for—but historically, there have been few trained therapists available on wards for the delivery of evidence-based therapy. Automated virtual reality (VR) therapy may be one route to increase the provision of powerful psychological treatments in psychiatric hospitals. The gameChange automated VR cognitive therapy is targeted at helping patients overcome anxious avoidance and re-engage in everyday situations (such as walking down the street, taking a bus, or going to a shop). This treatment target may fit well for many patients preparing for discharge. However, little is known about how VR therapy may be viewed in this setting.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of the study are to explore psychiatric hospital staff and patients’ initial expectations of VR therapy, to gather patient and staff views of an automated VR cognitive therapy (gameChange) after briefly experiencing it, and to identify potential differences across National Health Service (NHS) mental health trusts for implementation. Guided by an implementation framework, the knowledge gained from this study will be used to assess the feasibility of VR treatment adoption into psychiatric hospitals.

METHODS

Focus groups will be conducted with NHS staff and patients in acute psychiatric wards at 5 NHS mental health trusts across England. Staff and patients will be interviewed in separate groups. Individual interviews will also be conducted when preferred by a participant. Within each of the 5 trusts, 1 to 2 wards will be visited. A total of 8-15 staff and patients per ward will be recruited, with a minimum total of 50 staff and patients recruited across all sites. Focus group questions have been derived from the nonadoption, abandonment, and challenges to the scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) framework. Focus groups will discuss expectations of VR therapy before participants are given the opportunity to briefly try the gameChange VR therapy. Questions will then focus on opinions about the therapy and investigate feasibility of adoption, with particular consideration given to site specific issues. A thematic analysis will be conducted.

RESULTS

As of May 15, 2020, 1 patient focus group has been conducted.

CONCLUSIONS

The study will provide unique insight from patients and staff into the potential for implementing automated VR therapy in psychiatric wards. Perspectives will be captured both on the use of immersive technology hardware and therapy-specific issues in such settings.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/20300
Water Supply Scheme in Morotai Island
Authors: Seizarwati Wulan , Rengganis Heni , Syahidah Muhshonati , Hatmoko Waluyo
Published: May 2020

Morotai Island is designated as one of the National Tourism Strategic Area, and has increased demand for pure water. It is known as a dry area where water is difficult to obtain, and therefore, it is necessary to prepare a supply scheme to meet the island's demand. Hence, this study aims to obtain supply protocol from various available sources, in order to meet all water demands, especially for tourism sector development. The several methods used in this research include demand calculation for domestic, industry, irrigation, livestock, and tourism; rainfall-runoff simulation using Wflow model and estimation of groundwater availability using the baseflow recession method. Furthermore, surface balance shows the water availability in each sub-districts is not able to meet the demands. To overcome this problem, a supply scheme has been prepared, e.g. surface water utilization by constructing free intake in North Morotai, groundwater use by constructing dug and drilled wells in many locations, especially coastal areas, spring water utilization by creating a collection system (broncaptering) in Jaya, East and South Morotai. Furthermore, small islands can utilize springs and shallow dug wells, to prevent seawater intrusion from affecting the quality. The scheme suggests an appropriate infrastructural support to supply local communities, as well as develop the Island to be the new primary tourism center in Indonesia.
Calculation of Pollutant Load in Cipunagara River: Livestock Sector
Authors: Juwana Iwan , Nugroho Diki Prastyo
Published: May 2020

Cipunagara is the largest watershed in Subang Regency with River Cipunagara as the mainstream. Previous works showed increased activities around Cipunagara watershed, especially in segment 3, leading to a decline in the water quality. The importance of this river increases due to the development plan of Sadawarna and Cilame Reservoirs, which are used for irrigation and other activities. This study aims to identify pollution sources and to analyze the capacity of Cipunagara River in relation to potential pollution load from the watershed for the next 5 years. The study focuses on livestock, which is one of the main sectors contributing to pollution. The main steps include segment selection, calculation of existing pollutant load and prediction within the next 5 years from livestock waste. The segment selection was based on the number of activities from several sectors, the spatial plan of the region, as well as the quality and quantity Cipunagara River. The calculation of existing pollutant load was based on actual pollutant and flow of the river, while the prediction of pollutant load relied on emission factor of each pollutant parameter. The results showed that pollution index in Cipunagara River was severe. The existing and the projected potential pollutant loads in segment 3 include 1,668.76 kg/day and 2,081.25 kg/day for BOD; 4,053.74 kg/day and 5,063.29 kg/day for COD; 8.72 kg/day and 13.34 kg/day for N-Total; and 1.75 kg/day and 2.16 kg/day for P-Total, respectively. These results can be used by the local governments to manage water quality of the river.
Mapping of Seawater Intrusion into Coastal Aquifer: A Case Study of Pekalongan Coastal Area in Central Java
Authors: Sahana Muhammad Irham , Waspodo Roh Santoso Budi
Published: May 2020

Seawater intrusion promotes the degradation of groundwater quality through excessive pumping activities or natural phenomena such as tidal floods which are popular with coastal areas. Pekalongan city is one of the areas affected by this phenomenon and was analyzed in this study with reference to the 1986 Ad Hoc Sea Water Intrusion (PAHIAA) Decree which classifies water into five based on salinity. This involved using the Integrated Distance Method (IDW) to map and applying the logarithmic equation to determine the dispersion relationship. The results showed seawater intrusion has already affected groundwater quality up to 6.52 km from the coastline for total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity and 7.22 km for chloride ion.  The distribution of TDS, EC, and Cl- in the freshwater zone was also recorded to have reached 28.59 km2, 28.36 km2, and 23.95 km2 respectively. It is predicted that in 4 years, there would no longer be freshwater in Padukuhan Kraton Village due to decreasing groundwater quality caused by seawater intrusion. Furthermore, 23.03 km2 Pekalongan area which spread into 4.34 km2 to the West, 0 km2 to the South, 14.39 km2 to the North, and 1.28 km2 to the East of the district has also been affected and was discovered to be caused mainly by tidal flood from Bremi and Tirto rivers.
Tradiciones discursivas en Twitter: de la novela por entregas a la de folletuit
Authors: Verdín Padilla Paulo César
Published: May 2020

En este artículo se aborda la comparación de las tradiciones discursivas decimonónicas, la novela por entregas y el género novela de folletuit, neologismo creado por el escritor mexicano Mauricio Montiel Figueiras para asignar una marca genérica a su proyecto novelístico publicado en Twitter: El hombre de tweed. El análisis se hace a partir de cinco categorías básicas: medio, obra, autor, editor y lector. El estudio de ambas tradiciones se realiza desde la propuesta del lingüista Kabatek (2005) y busca identificar invariantes en el género y sus transformaciones.
Nuestra imagen pública desde la neurociencia social
Authors: Romero Vázquez Marisela
Published: May 2020

Se aborda la manera en que la imagen pública se relaciona con los procesos que, a partir de su proyección, se llevan a cabo en el cerebro. Es un análisis que se hace con el fin de revelar que la gestión de la imagen pública tiene que ver con temas como la toma de decisiones, la reputación y la neurociencia social, más que con los de índole banal o superficial.
¿Piedra, papel o tijeras? La imprenta y Spotify como innovaciones tecnológicas
Authors: González Leonardo A
Published: May 2020

Este artículo es una reflexión sobre las coyunturas culturales provocadas por innovaciones tecnológicas como la imprenta, en el siglo xvi, y la aplicación digital Spotify, en el presente siglo xxi. Ambos casos se explican desde una mirada crítica a través de tres interrogantes: si realmente la imprenta fue un parteaguas, cómo es que los libros sembraron el pensamiento moderno, y si hay alguna situación presente que puede compararse con el fenómeno de los libros impresos.
Para responder a estas preguntas, el texto se construye como un argumento: dos premisas y una conclusión. Cabe mencionar que estas consideraciones son producto de una serie de reflexiones desde la práctica docente, dentro del área de Ciencias Sociales, así como, una respuesta a las preocupaciones sobre el futuro de la educación.
Validitas Prediktif Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Kedokteran dengan Uji Kompetensi Mahasiswa Program Profesi Dokter
Authors: Suswati Irma , Rahayu Rahayu
Published: May 2020

Angka ketidaklulusan Uji Kompetensi Mahasiswa Program Profesi Dokter setiap periode sekitar 1750-2000.Tahun 2017 terdapat 400 orang retaker tetap belum berhasil lulus. Peserta retaker di FK-UMM mengalami peningkatan dengan jumlah total 18 peserta, agar jumlah retaker tidak mengalami kenaikan maka perlu dicari prediktor hasil belajar yang mempengaruhi kelulusan UKMPPD. Rancangan penelitian diskriptif analitik dengan cross sectional. Sampel mahasiswa FK-UMM yang memiliki nilai UKMPPD tahun 2016-2017. Pengambilan sampel dengan jalan total sampling. Variabel independent:IPK-TA dan IPK-TP, Nilai CIA, Nilai BM dan Nilai TO AIPKI dan variabel dependent:UKMPPD (MCQ-CBT dan OSCE). Data di uji normalitas, linearitas dan multikolinearitas, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi linier dan regresi linear ganda menggunakan statistik SPSS. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa nilai IPK-TA dan IPK-TP dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor kelulusan UKMPPD MCQ-CBT dan OSCE. Hasil nilai CIA, BM dan TO AIPKI dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor UKMPPD MCQ-CBT dan CIA sebagai prediktor UKMPPD OSCE. Kelima variabel  yaitu IPK-TA, IPK-TP, CIA, BM dan TO AIPKI dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor kelulusan UKMPPD MCQ-CBT (38,1%) dan OSCE (30,9%). IPK-TA sebagai prediktor yang sangat signifikan 0,000<0,01 mempengaruhi kelulusan UKMPPD MCQ-CBT dan OSCE, CIA sebagai prediktor yang sangat signifikan 0,000<0,01 mempengaruhi kelulusan UKMPPD OSCE. Kesimpulan IPK-TA, IPK-TP,CIA, BM dan TO AIPKI adalah prediktor UKMPPD yang baik dan IPK-TA merupakan prediktor yang lebih baik untuk MCQ-CBT dan OSCE, sedangkan CIA sebagai prediktor yang lebih baik untuk OSCE.
Faktor – Faktor Risiko Kejadian Malfungsi Pirau Ventrikuloperitoneal Pada Pasien Hidrosefalus Bayi Dan Anak Di Rumah Saikit Umum Pendidikan dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Subagio Yoyok , Pramusinto Handoyo , Basuki Endro
Published: May 2020

Kasus hidrosefalus pada bayi dan anak, merupakan salah satu kasus yang sering terjadi dan mempunyai komplikasi yang bervariasi. Penanganan hidrosefalus adalah dilakukan pemasangan pirau ventrikuloperitoneal. Tindakan tersebut sering ditemukan komplikasi, diantaranya adalah malfungsi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya malfungsi tersebut, salah satunya berupa karakteristik pasien, cara persalinan, analisa CSS, tipe dan tekanan pirau ventrikuloperitoneal, jenis hidrosefalus, dan etiologi hidrosefalus. Penulis dalam kesempatan ini akan menganalisa faktor – faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian malfungsi pirau ventrikuloperitoneal. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain cohort retrospective, yaitu dengan cara mengambil sampel pasien hidrosefalus pada bayi dan anak yang telah dilakukan pemasangan pirau ventrikuloperitoneal pada periode Januari 2015 sampai dengan Desember 2016. Jumlah sampel yang akan diteliti adalah sebesar 124 sampel. Data dianalisis dengan Chi square yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Total sampel penelitian 124 pasien hidrosefalus pada bayi dan anak yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Dilakukan pengambilan sampel secara total. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 8 faktor risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian malfungsi pirau ventrikuloperitoneal pada pasien hidrosefalus bayi dan anak Pada analisis multivariat terpilih 3 faktor risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian malfungsi pirau ventrikuloperitoneal, yaitu usia kehamilan, usia kehamilan, tipe pirau ventrikuloperitoneal, dan analisa jumlah sel CSS. Faktor risiko yang dominan dan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian malfungsi pirau ventrikuloperitoneal pada pasien hidrosefalus bayi dan anak adalah usia kehamilan preterm, yaitu sebanyak 6 sampel (66,7%) dari 9 sampel dengan nilai p = 0,010 yang artinya nilai p < 0,05 dan dengan Odds Ratio (OR) paling besar yaitu 7,156 dengan IK 95% (1,627-31,476), sedangkan jumlah sel CSS yang meningkat  sebesar 8 sampel (38,1%) dari 21 sampel dan nilai p = 0,406 dan OR 1,646 dengan IK 95% (0,509-5,328). Untuk tipe pirau ventrikuloperitoneal mempunyai nilai p = 0,161 dan OR 0,727 dengan IK 95% (0,466-1,136). Usia kehamilan preterm pada pasien hidrosefalus bayi dan anak merupakan faktor risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian malfungsi pirau ventrikuloperitoneal di RSUP Dr. Sardjito.
Profil Dermatofitosis Superfisialis Periode Januari – Desember 2017 Di Rumah Sakit Islam Aisiyah Malang
Authors: Nurwulan Dwi , Hidayatullah Tubagus Arif , Nuzula Aliefia Firdausie , Puspita Ridya
Published: May 2020

Demartofitosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh kolonisasi jamur dermatofita yang menyerang jaringan yang mengandung keratin seperti stratum korneum kulit, rambut dan kuku pada manusia. Dermatofitosis tersebar diseluruh dunia dengan prevalensi yang berbeda-beda tiap negara dan Indonesia menempati urutan kedua. Tinggimya kasus tersebut didukung dengan Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara beriklim tropis yang memiliki suhu dan kelembaban tinggi, dimana merupakan suasana yang baik bagi pertumbuhan jamur, higiene juga berperan untuk timbulnya penyakit ini, sehingga jamur dapat  ditemukan hampir di semua tempat. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil penderita rawat jalan dermatofitosis superfisialis di rawat jalan kulit kelamin RSI Aisyiyah Malang periode Januari-Desember 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian  deskriptif restrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis bulan Januari-Desember 2017 dari RSI Aisyiyah Malang. Data ditampilkan dalam bentuk diagram meliputi jumlah pasien, jenis kelamin, usia pasien, pekerjaan, gejala, diagnosis, dan terapi. Hasil dari data rekam medik RSI Aisyiyah Malang pasien poli kulit dan kelamin pada tahun 2017 tercatat jumlah kasus dermatofitosis sebanyak 19 kasus dari 417 kasus dimana berdasarkan jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak (63%), dengan usia terbanyak  35-59% (35%), efflorensi terbanyak pustula ( 44%), dan terapi kombinasi merupakan jumlah terbanyak. Dari 19 kausu kasus dermatofitosis prevalensi terbanyak adalah tinnea incognito dengan effloresensi pustule dan pada sampel wanita dengan usia anatar 35-59 tahun.
Mozart Music Increases The Number Of Glial Cells Compared To Indonesia Pop And Religious Music
Authors: Rahayu Pipit Sri Estuning , Hermanto Hermanto , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: May 2020

Music stimulation is an important component for prenatal fetal development. Both pop and religious music are easy to listen and widely accepted in Indonesia. This study was to analyze the effect of Mozart, pop, and religious music exposure during pregnancy to the number of glial cells in the brain of Rattus norvegicus offspring. The samples were divided into three groups based on the exposure for each group, namely Mozart, pop, and religious music, duration of 60 minutes with 65dB intensity, initiated on the 10th day of pregnancy for 9 days in the soundproof chamber. Three brains of the offsprings were dissected and prepared for Hematoxylin-Eosin staining counted on 5 fields of view and 400 magnification strength.Different glial cells number of Rattus norvegicus brain between groups were observed. Mozart music (28,29) showed a highest mean and pop music (18,67)  showed the lowest mean. Significant difference of the number of brain glial cells between Mozart music compared to pop and religious music groups were observed, with p value <0,005.The number of brain glial cells of Rattus norvegicus offsprings in the Mozart group were significantly higher than those in pop and religious groups.
Case Study: The Use of Metcovazin in Curing Burns
Authors: Irnawati Irnawati
Published: May 2020

Burn is the most common trauma for kids happens due to contact with fire, hot objects, electricity, and chemicals. The size, location, and depth of burn become the main factor that affect the curing treatment. Complications, such as; infection, toxic shock syndrome, scar, and psychological symptoms, can be occurred if the wound did not treat in a good and proper way. This study aimed to describe the use of metcovazin® and management treatment on two cases of second-degree burns. The principle of TIME (Tissue management, Inflammation & Infection control, Moisture balance, Edge) as the modern dressing used for wound management treatment. The result showed that using TIME management treatment could quicken the healing process of the wound. It was able to increase basic defense of a healthy wound. The combination of metcovazin® and modern dressing were effective in curing the second-degree burns.
Análise do balanço de radiação e energia em áreas de veredas no Norte de Minas Gerais, bioma cerrado
Authors: Veloso Gabriel Alves , Silva Lucas Augusto Pereira da , Ferreira Manuel Eduardo
Published: May 2020

A vereda, típica formação no bioma Cerrado, é reconhecida por sua elevada capacidade de recarga hídrica, em função de uma topografia plana, solos hidromórficos e proximidade de matas de galeria/cursos hidrográficos. Estudos nesses ambientes ainda são escassos, especialmente aqueles voltados para o entendimento da dinâmica do balanço de radiação e energia, relacionado com processos ecológicos e climáticos. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar o comportamento do balanço de energia em ambientes de veredas no Norte de Minas Gerais, em área amostral específica, com técnicas avançadas de sensoriamento remoto, aplicando-se o algoritmo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land). No contexto do balanço de energia, os seguintes valores médios foram obtidos para o inverno e verão, respectivamente: Rn 24 h de 98,71 Wm-2 e 230,95 Wm-2; G de 53,43 Wm-2 e 80,84 Wm-2; H de 26,93 Wm-2 e 88,52 Wm-2; LE de 77,78 Wm-2 e 142,34 Wm-2; e taxa de evapotranspiração de 2,53 mm.d-1 e 5,02 mm.d-1. As técnicas de sensoriamento remoto utilizadas neste estudo foram de grande utilidade para as análises em áreas de vereda, destacando com eficiência o comportamento do balanço de energia e evapotranspiração nesse importante ambiente no Cerrado.
Potential use of Claroideoglomus etunicatum to enrich signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.) for silvopasture preparation
Authors: ROSITA Risa , WIDIASTUTI Rahayu , MANSUR Irdika , FAULINA Sarah Asih
Published: May 2020

Silvopasture system improvement in managing post-mining land resources has been done by searching for a quality grass. One of the selected grass species is signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.). This research aimed to prepare signal grass through the inoculation of AMF Claroideoglomus etunicatum, as an effort to enrich its growth before being applied to post-mining soil. Research stages included the AMF inoculation on signal grass through spore culture and then transferred the colonized grass to the pot using sterile zeolite as a growth medium. The treatment on the first stage was without and with AMF inoculation (dose of 20 spores) on signal grass which was repeated for 12 times. Incubation in a spore culture was 4 weeks while incubation in a pot containing sterile zeolite medium was 8 weeks. Research data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk’s normality test, Independent Sample T-test, and Pearson’s correlation test. Observation results showed that the inoculation of C. etunicatum on signal grass was significantly impact on the increase of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of tillers, shoot and root fresh weight, and shoot dry weight (p <0.05). Microscopic observation showed that there was AMF colonization on treated signal grass roots in the amount of 55 ± 0.06 % with number of spores was 252 ± 9.82 per 10 g zeolites, while AMF infection was not found in uninoculated signal grass. It is expected that by providing signal grass inoculated with AMF C. etunicatum would support its growth in post-mining land for Silvopasture system.