bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topologically protected vortex knots and links
Authors: Annala Toni , Zamora-Zamora Roberto , Möttönen Mikko
Published: December 2022

In 1869, Lord Kelvin found that the way vortices are knotted and linked in an ideal fluid remains unchanged in evolution, and consequently hypothesized atoms to be knotted vortices in a ubiquitous ether, different knotting types corresponding to different types of atoms. Even though Kelvin’s atomic theory turned out incorrect, it inspired several important developments, such as the mathematical theory of knots and the investigation of knotted structures that naturally arise in physics. However, in previous studies, knotted and linked structures have been found to untie via local cut-and-paste events referred to as reconnections. Here, in contrast, we construct knots and links of non-Abelian vortices that are topologically protected in the sense that they cannot be dissolved employing local reconnections and strand crossings. Importantly, the topologically protected links are supported by a variety of physical systems such as dilute Bose-Einstein condensates and liquid crystals. We also propose a classification scheme for topological vortex links, in which two structures are considered equivalent if they differ from each other by a sequence of topologically allowed reconnections and strand crossings, in addition to the typical continuous transformations. Interestingly, this scheme produces a remarkably simple classification.
Prediction of parameters of group contribution models of mixtures by matrix completion
Authors: Jirasek Fabian , Hayer Nicolas , Abbas Rima , Schmid Bastian , Hasse Hans
Published: December 2022

We present an approach to predict the group-interaction parameters of thermodynamic group contribution (GC) methods based on the machine-learning concept of matrix completion and thereby substantially extend the scope of GC methods.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug monitoring in serum: a Tb-MOF-based luminescent mixed matrix membrane detector with high sensitivity and reliability
Authors: Lian Xiao , Cheng Lele , Shan Jingrui , Wu Mingzai , Zheng Fangcai , Niu Helin
Published: December 2022

A POST membrane was designed by energy competition mechanism, and achieved the detection for nonsteroidal antiphlogistic with outstanding anti-interference ability, excellent recyclability and remarkable testing efficacy for only ppb level.
Identification of folic acid and sulfaquinoxaline using a heterometallic Zn–Eu MOF as a sensor
Authors: Li Dechao , Jia Yuejiao , Li Zhang , Liu Lu , Wu Nan , Hu Ming
Published: December 2022

A Eu–Zn heterometal-organicframework is a selective and sensitive fluorescent probe for the detection of folic acid and sulfaquinoxoline.
The alteration of urinary metabolomics profiles in Kashin–Beck disease in a three consecutive year study
Authors: Ning Yujie , Chen Sijie , Zhang Feiyu , Liu Yanli , Chen Feihong , Li Shujin , Wang Chaowei , Wu Yifan , Gong Yi , Hu Minhan , Huang Ruitian , Guo Xiong , Yang Lei , Wang Xi
Published: December 2022

We should pay more attention to these differences in small-molecule metabolites and metabolic pathways in the environmental aetiology and pathogenesis of KBD.
Demonstration of programmable light intensity of a micro-LED with a Hf-based ferroelectric ITZO TFT for Mura-free displays
Authors: Jin Taewon , Kim Sanghyeon , Han Jae-Hoon , Ahn Dae-Hwan , An Seong Ui , Noh Tae Hyeon , Sun Xinkai , Kim Cheol Jun , Park Juhyuk , Kim Younghyun
Published: December 2022

We demonstrate the programmable light intensity of a micro-LED by compensating threshold voltage variability of thin-film transistors by introducing a non-volatile programmable ferroelectric material, HfZrO2 into the gate stack of the TFT.
Hollow metal composite phosphides derived from MOFs as highly efficient and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting
Authors: Dang Rui , Xie Mengmeng , Li Meixin , Xu Xiufeng
Published: December 2022

Hollow Fe2P@Ni5P4/Ni2P acts as a bifunctional electrocatalyst with high electrocatalytic activities and superior long-term stability.
A surface-controlled process renders high-power Li-ion storage in Mn3O4/RGO composites for both lithium-ion capacitors and batteries
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Du Xiuji , Chen Junliang , Yun Shilin , Chen Hai-Chao
Published: December 2022

Mn3O4/reduced graphene oxide composites were synthesized with a high capacity ratio via a surface-controlled reaction, making them ideal for fast energy storage in both lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion capacitors.
Oxygen vacancies assist a facet effect to modulate the microstructure of TiO2 for efficient photocatalytic O2 activation
Authors: Ma Xiaojia , Tang Xuejing , Hu Zhenzhong , Zhen Mengmeng , Shen Boxiong , Guo Sheng-Qi , Dong Fan
Published: December 2022

We revealed the respective contribution and synergy between O vacancies and the facet effect in enhancing TiO2 photocatalytic O2 activation.
Rhodium metallene-supported platinum nanocrystals for ethylene glycol oxidation reaction
Authors: Zhao Yue , Yuan Zi-Han , Huang Jiang-Tao , Wang Ming-Yao , He Bin , Ding Yu , Jin Pu-Jun , Chen Yu
Published: December 2022

In this work, Rh metallene (Rhlene) with a high surface area was successfully used to support Pt nanoparticles (Pt/Rhlene). Pt/Rhlene revealed better performance for ethylene glycol oxidation reaction in alkaline solution than Pt black.
A unique network of attack, defence and competence on the outer membrane of the periodontitis pathogen Tannerella forsythia
Authors: Książek Mirosław , Goulas Theodoros , Mizgalska Danuta , Rodríguez-Banqueri Arturo , Eckhard Ulrich , Veillard Florian , Waligórska Irena , Benedyk-Machaczka Małgorzata , Sochaj-Gregorczyk Alicja M. , Madej Mariusz , Thøgersen Ida B. , Enghild Jan J. , Cuppari Anna , Arolas Joan L. , de Diego Iñaki , López-Pelegrín Mar , Garcia-Ferrer Irene , Guevara Tibisay , Dive Vincent , Zani Marie-Louise , Moreau Thierry , Potempa Jan , Gomis-Rüth F. Xavier
Published: December 2022

Periodontopathogenic Tannerella forsythia possesses the unique, tightly-regulated KLIKK-peptidase/potempin system in which six distinct metallo- and serine peptidases are specifically inhibited by cognate potempins (Pot) A, B1, B2, C, D and E.
Unveiling upsurge of photogenerated ROS: control of intersystem crossing through tuning aggregation patterns
Authors: Wang Junjun , Li Hao , Zhu Yicai , Yang Mingdi , Huang Jing , Zhu Xiaojiao , Yu Zhi-Peng , Lu Zhou , Zhou Hongping
Published: December 2022

The influence of aggregation patterns on intersystem crossing (ISC) was investigated by constructing homologous monomers (S-TPA-PI and L-TPA-PI) and their homologous dimers (S-2TPA-2PI and L-2TPA-2PI).
Physics bridging the infinities
Authors: Sakellariadou Mairi , Wulz Claudia-Elisabeth
Published: December 2022

At the horizon 2050, our physics textbooks will have to be rewritten. The contributions in the first chapter of the EPS Grand Challenges explain why. Will all or many of the open questions be answered at the horizon 2050? There is justified hope, supported by a plethora of theoretical developments and experimental facilities on Earth and in space. Will new questions arise? You bet.
Physics for environment and sustainable development
Authors: Cifarelli Luisa , Hidalgo Carlos
Published: December 2022

One of the most crucial and challenging development of the last decades has been the discovery that environment is fragile. Read about it in Chapter 5 of the EPS Challenges for Physics.
Stochastic measure-valued models for populations expanding in a continuum
Authors: Louvet Apolline
Published: December 2022

We model spatially expanding populations by means of two spatial Λ-Fleming Viot processes (or SLFVs) with selection: the k-parent SLFV and the ∞-parent SLFV. In order to do so, we fill empty areas with type 0 “ghost” individuals with a strong selective disadvantage against “real” type 1 individuals, quantified by a parameter k. The reproduction of ghost individuals is interpreted as local extinction events due to stochasticity in reproduction. When k → +∞, the limiting process, corresponding to the ∞-parent SLFV, is reminiscent of stochastic growth models from percolation theory, but is associated to tools making it possible to investigate the genetic diversity in a population sample. In this article, we provide a rigorous construction of the ∞-parent SLFV, and show that it corresponds to the limit of the k-parent SLFV when k → +∞. In order to do so, we introduce an alternative construction of the k-parent SLFV which allows us to couple SLFVs with different selection strengths and is of interest in its own right. We exhibit three different characterizations of the ∞-parent SLFV, which are valid in different settings and link together population genetics models and stochastic growth models.
Wie PROMETHEUS zur Klitoris kam – oder wie vergessenes Wissen
in die Fachliteratur zurückfindet
Authors: Haag-Wackernagel Daniel , Schünke Michael , Wesker Karl , Schindler Carola
Published: December 2022

2022 ist bei Thieme die vollständig neu überarbeitete Auflage des
dreibändigen PROMETHEUS LernAtlas der Anatomie [1] erschienen. Bei der
jüngsten Revision lag das Augenmerk u. a. auf der noch
präziseren Darstellung geschlechtsspezifischer weiblicher anatomischer
Strukturen. Warum das bemerkenswert ist und wie die Zeichnungen entstanden
sind.
Balint – Psychodrama – Eine Einführung
Authors: Nagel-Brotzler Almut , Bachmann Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2022

In Balint-Psychodrama-Gruppen treffen sich ÄrztInnen, PsychologInnen und
Angehörige anderer medizinischer Berufsgruppen in Kleingruppen unter der
Leitung von ein oder zwei in der Methode ausgebildeten GruppenleiterInnen
(PsychoanalytikerInnen, psychodynamisch ausgebildete KollegInnen).

Das Balint-Psychodrama unterscheidet sich weder im Geist, in den Zielen, noch in
den Ergebnissen von einer anderen Balintgruppe. Der Unterschied liegt im
Wesentlichen in der Art, wie der Fall bearbeitet wird: die Gruppenleitung bittet
den oder die Fallvorstellende/-n (Referenten/-in), nicht nur
über die Begegnung zu berichten, sondern zusammen mit der Gruppe und dem
Gruppenleiter wichtige Momente seiner oder ihrer Beziehung zum Patienten zu
finden, diese in Szene zu setzen und sie mit Hilfe des psychodramatischen Spiels
wieder zu erleben. Das psychodramatische Spiel stellt nur einen Aspekt der
Arbeit dar; vor und nach jeder Spielszene ähnelt die Gruppenarbeit in
Bezug auf den Referenten und die Gruppe jeder anderen Balintgruppe.
Outcomes after Anatomic Double-Bundle Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions Using Transtibial and Tibial Inlay Techniques
Authors: Temperato Joseph , Rucinski Kylee , Cook James L. , Meers Aaron , Albuquerque João Bourbon de , Stannard James P.
Published: December 2022

Surgical reconstruction is recommended for symptomatic posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) deficiency. While anatomic double-bundle PCL reconstruction (PCLR) has been reported to be associated with biomechanical and clinical advantages over other methods, there is still debate regarding the optimal technique for tibial positioning and fixation. Based on reported advantages and disadvantages, we employed two tibial fixation techniques, transtibial (TT) and tibial inlay (TI) for anatomic double-bundle PCLR with technique selection based on body mass index, comorbidities, and primary versus revision surgery. This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes following PCLR utilizing either TT or TI techniques to validate relative advantages, disadvantages, and indications for each based on the review of prospectively collected registry data. For 37 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 26 underwent arthroscopic TT PCLR using all-soft- tissue allograft with suspensory fixation in the tibia and 11 patients underwent open TI PCLR using an allograft with calcaneal bone block and screw fixation in the tibia. There were no significant preoperative differences between cohorts. Success rates were 96% for TT and 91% for TI with all successful cases documented to be associated with good-to-excellent posterior stability and range of motion in the knee at the final follow-up. In addition, patient-reported outcome scores were within clinically meaningful ranges for pain, function, and mental health after PCLR in both cohorts, suggesting similarly favorable functional, social, and psychological outcomes. Patient-reported pain scores at 6 months postoperatively were significantly (p = 0.042) lower in the TT cohort, which was the only statistically significant difference in outcomes noted. The results of this study support the use of TT and TI techniques for double-bundle anatomic PCLR in restoring knee stability and patient function when used for the treatment of isolated and multiligamentous PCL injuries. The choice between tibial fixation methods for PCLR can be appropriately based on patient and injury characteristics that optimize respective advantages for each technique.
Gene variants previously associated with reduced soft‐tissue injury risk: Part 2 – Polygenic associations with elite status in Rugby
Authors: Brazier Jon , Antrobus Mark R. , Herbert Adam J. , Callus Peter C. , Khanal Praval , Stebbings Georgina K. , Day Stephen H. , Heffernan Shane M. , Kilduff Liam P. , Bennett Mark A. , Erskine Robert M. , Raleigh Stuart M. , Collins Malcolm , Pitsiladis Yannis P. , Williams Alun G.
Published: December 2022

Part 1 of this genetic association series highlighted several genetic variants independently associated with elite status in rugby. However, it is highly likely that the genetic influence on elite status is polygenic due to the interaction of multiple genes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether polygenic profiles of elite rugby athletes differed from non‐athletes utilising 13 genetic polymorphisms previously associated with tendon/ligament injury. Total genotype score (TGS) was calculated and multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to calculate SNP‐SNP epistasis interactions. Based on our elite rugby data from Part 1, mean TGS was significantly higher in elite rugby athletes (52.1 ± 10.7) than non‐athletes (48.7 ± 10.8). There were more elite rugby athletes (54%) within the upper TGS quartile, and fewer (46%) within the lower quartile, compared to non‐athletes (31% and 69%, respectively; P = 5·10−5), and the TGS was able to distinguish between elite rugby athletes and non‐athletes (area under the curve = 0.59; 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.63; P = 9·10−7). Furthermore, MDR identified a three‐SNP model of COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378 and MIR608 rs4919510 that was best able to predict elite athlete status, with a greater frequency of the CC‐CC‐CC genotype combination in elite rugby athletes (9.8%) than non‐athletes (5.3%). We propose that elite rugby athletes possess “preferable” musculoskeletal soft‐tissue injury‐associated polygenic profiles that have helped them achieve success in the high injury risk environment of rugby. These data may, in future, have implications for the individual management of musculoskeletal soft‐tissue injury.
Spherically symmetric counter examples to the Penrose inequality and the positive mass theorem under the assumption of the weak energy condition
Authors: Jaracz Jaroslaw S
Published: December 2022

Of the various energy conditions which can be assumed when studying mathematical general relativity, intuitively the simplest is the weak energy condition

μ
⩾
0

which simply states that the observed mass-energy density must be non-negative. This energy condition has not received as much attention as the so-called dominant energy condition. When the natural question of the Penrose inequality in the context of the weak energy condition arose, we could not find any results in the literature, and it was not immediately clear whether the inequality would hold, even in spherical symmetry. This led us to constructing a spherically symmetric asymptotically flat initial data set satisfying the weak energy condition which violates the ‘usual’ formulations of the Penrose conjecture. This does not contradict (Malec and Murchadha 1994 Phys. Rev. D
49 6931–4), as there the data is assumed to be maximal. Our result is unexpected and interesting because the heuristic argument behind the Penrose inequality relies on the black hole area law which holds when the weak energy condition is satisfied. Our methods also lead to a counter example to the positive mass theorem assuming the weak energy condition.
Production of runaway electrons and x-rays during streamer inception phase
Authors: Contreras-Vidal Luis , Silva Caitano L da , Sonnenfeld Richard G
Published: December 2022

Streamers play a key role in the formation and propagation of lightning channels. In nature streamers rarely appear alone. Their ensemble behavior is very complex and challenging to describe. For instance, the intricate dynamics within the streamer zone of negative lightning leaders give rise to space stems, which help advance the stepped-leader. Another example is how the increasing morphological complexity of sprites can lead to higher sprite current and greater energy deposition in the mesosphere. Insights into the complex dynamics of a streamer corona can be obtained from laboratory experiments that allow us to control the conditions of streamer formation. Based on simultaneous nanosecond-temporal-resolution photography, and measurements of voltage, current, and x-ray emissions, we report the characteristics of negative laboratory streamers in 88 kPa of atmosphere. The streamers are produced at peak voltages of 62.2 ± 3.8 kV in a point-to-plane discharge gap of 6 cm. While all discharges were driven to the same peak voltage, the discharges occurred at different stages of the relatively slow voltage rise (177 ns), allowing us to study discharge properties as a function of onset voltage. The onset voltage ranged between 24 and 67 kV, but x-ray emissions were observed to only occur above 53 kV, with x-ray burst energies scaling quadratically with voltage. The average delay between the current pulse and x-ray emission was found to be 3.5 ± 0.5 ns, indicating that runaway electrons are produced during the streamer inception phase or no later than the transition stage, when the inception cloud is breaking into streamer filaments. During this short time span, runaway electrons can traverse the gap, hit the ground plate and produce bremsstrahlung x-ray photons. However, streamers themselves cannot traverse more than 3.5 mm across the gap, which supports the idea that runaway electron production is not associated to streamer connection to the ground electrode.
Research on surface roughness prediction in turning Inconel 718 based on Gaussian process regression
Authors: Hao Zhaopeng , Cheng Gang , Fan Yihang
Published: December 2022

Nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 is widely used in aircraft engine industry because of its good mechanical properties. Inconel 718 is a typical difficult-to-machine material and its price is relatively expensive. Therefore, accurate prediction of Inconel 718 machined surface roughness with small sample space can improve machining efficiency, optimize process parameters and reduce machining cost. In this paper, a method is proposed to characterize the influence of cutting parameters on roughness by stablishing the corresponding relationship between the proportional hyperparameters in the multivariate kernel function and the cutting speed, cutting deep, feed rate and the rake angle of the tool. A multi input single output (MISO) multivariate Gaussian process regression (GPR) surface roughness prediction model with cutting speed, cutting depth, feed rate and tool rake angle as input variables and surface roughness as output variables is established. The model can not only output the predicted value of surface roughness, but also give the reliability of the predicted value. Experimental results show that the proportional hyperparameter has an independent adjustment function, and the influence of the process parameters characterized by the proportional hyperparameter on the surface roughness is consistent with the experimental results. The experimental results show that the average relative error of MISO multivariate GPR surface roughness prediction model proposed in this paper is 1.5%, which can accurately predict the surface roughness in small sample space.
The flowering of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum sp) growing under various concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer
Authors: Yusuf R. , Syakur A. , Kalaba Y. , Rostiati R. , Ramadani S’
Published: December 2022

Chrysanthemum is a mainstay commodity in the horticultural industry with bright market prospects. The chrysanthemum plant is one of the horticultural commodities in great demand because it has a variety of colors and shapes; besides that, ornamental plants help beautify the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of several concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and flowering of chrysanthemum plants. This research was conducted at the Screen House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi. This study was arranged using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 5 treatments, and each treatment was repeated three times so that there were 15 units of trials. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA analysis. The results showed that the liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) of 80 mL/1 liters of water significantly affected the vegetative phase, namely the number of leaves, plant height, and branches. The flowering has no significant effect on the number of flowers, flower diameter, and the time to flower blooming.
Study of Phosphate Adsorption Using Ferrihydrite With Diffusive Gradient in Thin Films Method
Authors: Khairuddin  , Ruslan  , Andarini Nindya , Oktriviani Widyastuti , Toda’a Meiva , Kaope Van Hindersen
Published: December 2022

The high input of phosphate into the aquatic system results in eutrophication which leads to algae blooming. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the concentrations of phosphate pollutants that occur in surface waters. Conventional analysis techniques so far only provide an overview of the pollution situation through instant sampling, so it may not represent the current water conditions. Pollutant concentrations fluctuate due to dynamic interactions of phosphate species in natural systems, hence species concentrations may change during sample storage, making accurate analysis difficult unless performed in situ. In this study, the Diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) method was investigated using a ferrihydrite binding gel assembly on a polyacrylamide gel sheet. The ferrihydrite gel was eluted using 0.25 N H2SO4 to release the adsorbed phosphate. The performance test of the method on the absorption of phosphate by ferrihydrite was assessed by testing the effect of pH, contact time, and variation of initial concentration. Determination of the concentration of adsorbed phosphate using the phosphomolidenium blue method with a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Characterization of functional groups in polyacrylamide diffusing gel and ferrihydrite adsorbent gel using Fourier Transform Infra Red while the surface morphology of each gel was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cocoa plantation affected by different elevations and soil physical-chemical properties
Authors: Edy N , Zakaria E , Anshary A , Saleh S , Lapanjang I , Barus HN , Lakani I
Published: December 2022

Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) play an essential role in various agroecosystems since they build symbiosis mutualism with plants. Understanding the differences in the distribution and diversity of AMF in cocoa plants with different elevations is important to explore the bio-ecological aspects of AMF. This study examined the differences in the number and types of AMF spores in cocoa plantations at three different elevations: <500, >500-1000, and >1000 masl. Environmental factors such as the physical and chemical properties of the soil were also investigated. This study found that the number of AMF spores was higher in the lowlands (<500 masl) than in the highlands. Rarefaction curves show that all soil samples taken are adequate for diversity analysis. Multivariate analysis with NMDS followed by the goodness of fit statistical test using the Bray Curtis method showed that a clear distribution pattern in the AMF community structure was significantly influenced by chemical and physical factors of the soil in the form of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, total nitrogen, clay, and soil texture.
Liveweight gain, change in body dimension and condition score of Donggala bulls fed corn stover supplemented with different tree legume leaves
Authors: Marsetyo  , Rusiyantono Y , Sulendre I W
Published: December 2022

An experiment was done to examine the effect of the addition of different legume leaves on live weight gain, change in body dimension, and condition score of Donggala bulls fed corn stover (CS). Twenty-eight Donggala bulls (initial body weight (BW) 179.48±3.66 kg) were blocked by BW in a randomized complete block design with 4 treatments and 7 replicates. The treatments were CS ad libitum, CS plus Desmanthus virgatus (CSD), CS plus Gliricidia sepium (CSG), and CS plus Leucaena leucocephala (CSL). All supplements were offered at level 1% BW dry matter (DM)/day. The experiment was run for 16 weeks, with 2 and 14 weeks for the introduction and measurement period, respectively. The parameters observed include average daily live weight gain (ADG), wither height, heart girth, body length, and body condition score (BCS). It was observed that the addition of different tree legumes leaves lifted up significantly (P<0.05) ADG, change in heart girth, BCS but did not affect significantly (P>0.05) change of wither height and body length of Donggala bulls fed CS. The addition of Leucaena resulted in the highest increase (P<0.05) in ADG, change of heart girth, and BCS. It was concluded that supplementation of tree legume leaves increased the growth performance of Donggala bulls fed CS.
The Addition of Seaweed Extract (Sargassum sp) as Fertilizer on Culture Media on The Total Density of Skeletonema costatum Cells
Authors: Nasmia  , Binangkari Kusmadi L. , Rusaini  , Rosyida Eka , Nurdin Muh. Saleh , Yala Zakirah Raihani
Published: December 2022

Microalgae Skeletonema costatum is a natural food that contains nutrients needed for aquaculture. Seaweed contains several nutrients and has body regulatory substances, namely auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin which are useful for increasing the growth of microalgae cells, including S. costatum. The study aims to examine the addition of Sargassum sp. on culture media on cell density of S. costatum. The benefit of this study is to obtain scientific information regarding the addition of Sargassum sp., thus, it can be a natural fertilizer that can be used in the economical cultivation of S. costatum. This study consisted of 5 treatments, namely the concentration of Sargassum sp. extract in media (control) 0 mg/500 mL, 25 mg/500 mL, 50 mg/500 mL, 75 mg/500 mL and a concentration of 100 mg/500 mL, these treatments were repeated three times. S. costatum cell density was checked every 6 hours. The results showed that the use of extracts of Sargassum sp. 100 mg/500 mL had the highest cell density of S. costatum (2.08×107 cells/mL), followed by 75 mg/500 mL (2.00×107 cells/mL), 50 mg/500 mL (1.99×107 cells/mL, 25 mg/500 mL (1.97×107 cells/mL), and 0 mg/500 mL (1.05×107 cells/mL).
Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in smokers
Authors: Harun H , Ismail J G , Anwar S , Rupawan I K
Published: December 2022

Smoking is a severe health problem. Smoking has been shown to increase the risk of systemic inflammation. Neutophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is used as a marker of systemic inflammation and monitors prognosis, morbidity, and mortality in many diseases. This study aimed to analyze NLR in smokers. This is an observational analytic study conducted at Tadulako University, Palu. A total of 48 subjects consisted of 24 active smokers and 24 non-smokers. Subjects were given a questionnaire containing a history of the disease, smoking status, and the number of cigarettes consumed per day. Blood samples were also taken for hematological examination. NLR of the subjects was then compared with the appropriate statistical test. The NLR in the smoker’s group was 1.54 ± 0.81 and in the non-smoker’s group 1.87 ± 1.76. This NLR was not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers, with a p-value of 0.578. Most of the smoking subjects are light and moderate smokers, and it is possible that this condition has not been able to cause a significant increase in systemic inflammation.
Optimum conditions for bioadsorption of lead (Pb) by durian skin waste biomass (duriobzibethinus)
Authors: Aminah S , Said I , Ningsih P , Alfiana A
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to figure out what the optimum conditions are for durian skin biomass to absorb Pb from its solution. The optimum conditions were determined by determining the optimal weight, pH for biosorption, contact time for lead biosorption, and initial concentration. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to determine the adsorbed analyte. The durian skin used in this study came from local durian skin waste in the Parigi district of Central Sulawesi. The weight of the adsorbent was varied between 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg. The contact time was varied between 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 minutes. The pH was varied between 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and the concentration was varied between 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm to determine the optimum conditions for Pb adsorption. The results showed that the optimum conditions for biosorption of durian peels were 120 mg with a 92.2 percent absorption capacity, 60 minutes of contact time with a 97.89% absorption capacity, pH 5 with a 99.81 percent absorption capacity, and a concentration of 50 ppm with a 99.59% absorption capacity.
Risk factors of chronic rhinitis in furniture workers of West Palu, Central Sulawesi.
Authors: Nayoan C R , Thalib A H Q
Published: December 2022

Chronic Rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nose characterized by sneezing, snotty and nasal congestion, intermittently or persistently. The prevalence of rhinitis in the United Kingdom reaches 29%, in Indonesia is not known clearly. The types of work that cause rhinitis are chronic like farmers, laboratory workers, carpenters or painters, food industry workers and, health workers. Chronic Rhinitis can affect the quality of the worker’s life, and it can reduce work productivity Objective: To determine the risk factors for chronic rhinitis on the workers in wood furniture which was contacted by sawdust in the West Palu area Method: This study uses analytical research methods with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is total sampling, and the total sample in this study is 27 workers. Results: The study showed a significant relationship with the incidence of rhinitis to the carpenters who work on wooden furniture in the western Palu on age (p = 0.027), duration of exposure (p = 0.041. There was no significant relationship between the use of PPE (p = 0.100) Conclusion: The factors that can influence the incidence of chronic rhinitis to furniture workers are age and duration of exposure
Effect of partial fly ash as cement substitute on the fracture toughness
Authors: Siregar A P N , Rivani A , Mellisa H , Aswin A , Karlina
Published: December 2022

The development of construction has an impact on recent innovations. An alternative material is needed to replace some cement by considering the fracture toughness to reduce the impact of failure on construction. One of them is fly ash. The fracture toughness (KIC) is the fracture of a material to evaluate the ability of constituents containing defects to resist fracture. Test specimens with dimensions of 50 × 100 × 350, 50 × 150 × 500, 50 × 300 × 650 and 50 × 400 × 1250. The addition of fly ash with levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% has an effect on the compressive strength, namely in the cement binding process so that at a certain percentage level it will increase the strength of the concrete and the condition of concrete collapse is affected by binding cement with reduced aggregate due to the addition of fly ash is evidenced by the type A, B, C and D specimens that have decreased in the addition of fly ash from 0% condition.
The Study of Liquefied Soil by Using Swedish Weight Sounding Test in Jono Oge Village, Sigi Regency
Authors: Setiawan Hendra , Ilaiya Ihzam , Oktaviana Ida Sri , Irdhiani  , Fadliah Iffah , Hasanah Yusfi
Published: December 2022

The liquefaction that occurred on September 28, 2018, caused a massive lateral spreading in certain areas. This study aims to determine and compare the properties of land affected and not affected by liquefaction based on the Swedish Weight Sounding test, as well as the potential for liquefaction at Jono Oge village. The results of this study indicate that the laboratory test results show that the dominant soil classification on the affected and the unaffected soil is poorly graded sand silt (SP-SM). Whereas the results of field testing showed that the Nsw value on the affected soil is in the range 3,33 n/m – 263,16 n/m, the Nsw value on the unaffected soil is in the range 10,00n/m – 357,14 n/m, the qa value on the affected land is in the range up to 240,53 kN/m2, the qa value on the unaffected land is in the range of up to 315,71 kN/m2, the qu value on the affected land is in the range of 2.25 kN/m2 – 247,37 kN/m2, the qu value of unaffected land is in the range of 2.25 kN/m2 – 312,86 kN/m2.
Potential of confine aquifer based on characteristics of the aquifer in phase IA Duyu permanent occupancy at Palu city Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Ninasafitri  , Zeffitni
Published: December 2022

One of the government’s efforts towards post-disaster reconstruction in 2018 at Central Sulawesi, especially in Palu City, is to build a Phase IA Duyu Permanent Occupancy. This study aims to determine the potential for confine aquifer based on the aquifer characteristics for freshwater—analysis of aquifer characteristics based on survey results, pumping test data, and hydrochemical parameters. The results showed that the quantitative potential of confine aquifer based on SD-DTW-DY well data was in the medium to high potential class in the Pz3.D0.T0.Qs0.Q0.M1 units, with the distribution of aquifer characteristic values: permeability (K) 53.09 m/day, the piezometric depth is 12.15 m from ground level, the aquifer thickness is 76.32 m, and debit (Q) is 9.50 l/second. Spatially the distribution of aquifers in denudational hills and alluvial plains at the Pakuli Formation with SND-GRV and GRA-DIO lithology. The results of the hydrochemical quality are good quality classes, include: TDS 182.0 mg/l, pH 8.3, Fe 0.00 mg/l, Mn 0.00 mg/l, Cl 11.70 mg /l, SO4 12.90 mg/l, NO3 0.00 mg/l, and NO2 0.18 mg/l. Based on the results of the data analysis, the characteristics of the aquifer in the Duyu permanent occupancy area are classified as medium productive aquifers.
Architectural Model using Local Initiative of Kampung Lere Fishermen after the Tsunami Disaster
Authors: Bakri M , Amar  , Kasim A K , Khomaria S
Published: December 2022

The Kampung Lere is located in the earthquake and tsunami-prone route. It makes the area prone to earthquake-tsunami disasters, such as on September 28, 2018. Then, the government makes mitigation and conducts studies, also establishing spatial planning policies such as maps. Zoning of disaster-prone areas with the criteria of a red zone (not to be inhabited), a yellow zone, and a green zone. This condition then impacted the Lere fisherman community, which entered the red zone area. At the same time, many people were affected by the tsunami and did not want to move to permanent housing. The Lere fisherman community, after the tsunami, still choose a local initiative to manage space where they have occupied the area for generations. Detailed identification of the space is carried out to solve the problem. The study of related policies and in-depth interviews to obtain accurate data and information was then processed into a formula to be used as a benchmark in formulating design directions based on the local initiative of the fishermen of The Kampung Lere. The architectural design development model in the Lere area will later be able to bridge the government’s problems as a policymaker and the desire of the fishermen of Lere Village for the right to manage the space. The results of this study recommend an architectural model for residential that provides opportunities for the people of Lere to continue their activities in the area and still consider the element of safety in the development process as well as strategies for realizing the architectural model.
Utilization of biochar from corn leaves to adsorb COD and BOD in hospital wastewater
Authors: Napitupulu M , Walanda D K , Napitupulu N D , Walanda R M
Published: December 2022

This study utilized agricultural waste, namely corn leaves, as biochar. The resulting biochar complies with SNI No 06-3730-1995 for water and ash. SEM-EDS characterization showed that biochar from corn leaves could be used as an adsorbent for BOD and COD in hospital wastewater. Activation of the biochar was carried out with an activator agent, namely ZnCl2. SEM-EDS determined the pore and elements analysis. Activated Biochar Corn Leaves (ABCL) consist of 50.35 mg/L of the carbon produced with a carbonization temperature of 300°C. Three grams of ABCL reduced COD up to 34.62 mg/L in 4.5 hours and a maximum of 41mg/L of BOD in 4.5 hours. While in three hours, a maximum of 2.5 gr ABCL decreased BOD 35.44%, and COD 30 mg/L.
Testing of The Method of Gama I Synthetic Unit Hydrograph in The Analysis of The Tojo Watershed Design Flood
Authors: Setiyawan  , Vera W A , Irdhiani  , Rehana  , Sri H , Hasbi A
Published: December 2022

Floods occur due to several factors including topographic conditions, high rainfall intensity, blockage of water flow, lack of water infiltration areas, deforestation, and so on. The Tojo watershed is included in the Parigi-Poso river area, with an area of 211,830 km2 and a river length of 25.52 km. In the Tojo watershed, it is necessary to study flooding, because the watershed always flows every year. This research aims to find out how much flood discharge was obtained from the analysis of the Tojo watershed design flood with the Gama I synthetic unit hydrograph method and to find out how much the Gama I synthetic unit hydrograph analysis compared to the design flood discharge based on river discharge data (AWLR). From the calculation results obtained a comparison between the design flood discharge value processed by rainfall data using the Gama I Synthetic Unit Hydrograph method to the design flood discharge value processed by the Tojo river discharge data using the log person III distribution method for a 2 year return period is 1957,45 %, for the 5-year return period is 1347,64 %, for the 10 year return period is 1224,65 %, for the 25 year return period is 1169,96 %, for the 50 year return period is 1165,67 % and for the 100 years is 1178,75 %.
Development of Learning Materials Based on Processed Plastic Waste Products as an Effort to Instill Environmental Care in Elementary School Students
Authors: Herlina  , Melani H.P.
Published: December 2022

This study aims to develop teaching materials based on processed waste products. Using a qualitative approach with Research and Development (R&D) methods, this development research follows the Borg & Gall model. In the development procedure, validation of research products is carried out. The validation process involves two experts, namely material experts and media experts, for one-on-one tests, while fourth grade students as test subjects are a field validation process. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires and learning outcomes tests. Data analysis in the form of descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the assessment of material validators, media and language validators was at 79.3%, with qualitative criteria that could be used with slight revisions. The Trial one-to-one learner reached a percentage score of 85% which was included in the feasible category. small trials groups reached 90% and trials real or large groups reached 95% included in the feasible category. Thus, it can be concluded that the plastic waste recycling learning module for fourth grade elementary school students is feasible to use. The development of learning materials based on processed waste materials can empirically improve attitudes and behavior environmental care in elementary school students.
Research of change in qualitative indicators of bleached cottonseed oil and products of its processing
Authors: Ismatov Sunnatullo
Published: December 2022

Suppositories have one of the most important role among medical agents due to their effectiveness and broad spectrum of effect. Traditionally, expensive imported oils, such as cocoa butter, coconut butter, and other, serve as the basis for their production, which significantly affects the cost of the resulting product. Therefore, it is no coincidence that scientists have recently paid special attention to the issues of a possible replacement of imported oils with local raw materials. Of the numerous vegetable oils, cottonseed oil is the most acceptable in terms of the composition of fatty acids, because it contains 25-28% hexadecanoic acid, comparable to its content in cocoa butter.
Roughness of meshing gear teeth
Authors: Irgashev A , Shaabidov Sh A , Irgashev B A , Egamberdieva N A
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the method of calculating some parameters of gear teeth roughness, taking into account the parameters of meshing gears under rolling friction conditions in the presence of relative sliding between the meshing gear teeth. A model for determining the running roughness of the surface of the teeth, which have the form of a truncated cone, based on the roughness model of the spherical form is obtained. The proposed calculation methods allow us to: calculate the depths of penetration of the run-in roughness to the surfaces of the mutually contacting gear teeth; establish the regularities of changes in the roughness parameters of the gear teeth surface depending on the contact parameters of the gear meshing and the load in the meshing. Determined the most probable correlation between the actual and nominal contact area, depending on the degree of relative slip, occurring between the gear teeth, in the zone of the actual contact area of the gear teeth, depending on the engagement module of the contacting gear teeth.
Analysis of efficiency of chemical reagents used in destruction of oil emulses in local deposits
Authors: Adizov Bobirjon , Sattorov Mirvokhid , Yamaletdinova Aygul , Bokieva Shakhnoza
Published: December 2022

In this article, demulsifiers used to break down the oil emulsions of our local fields were studied, comparing their effectiveness. The effect of the demulsifier and the amount of water extracted from the oil were analyzed using deposition and centrifuge methods. The positive effect of temperature increase on the efficiency of the demulsifier was also studied, the optimal values for demulsifiers used today are compared. The resulting composition reduces the formation of salt sediments in the process of preparation of oil under mining conditions, in addition to reducing the impact of corrosive aggressive environments on the metal surface, and the time for the formation of sediments. As a result, it makes it possible to carry out all kinds of salt deposits in the oil by grinding them in commodity reservoirs.
Research on cutting height in soybean harvesting with a combine harvester
Authors: Shomirzaev M Kh , Umirov A T
Published: December 2022

Soybean crop elements are in the form of pods, which form from the lower part of the plant, and at high mowing heights, they may be left unharvested and loss. For this reason, it is important to correctly determine the height of harvesting soybeans. According to theoretical calculations, it was determined that when harvesting soybeans with a combine harvester, the harvesting height of the combine harvester should be set at a height of 5 cm. In experiments, when the harvesting height of the combine harvester was changed from 5 cm to 20 cm, the damage in the form of spilled pods and grain due to the effect of the motor wheel was in the range of 0.34 - 0.48 per cent, and the damage of the grain in the harvester was in the range of 1.05 - 1.23 per cent. In the experiments, unharvested pods were not observed at 5 and 10 cm mowing height, at 15 cm mowing height, such grain failure was 0.83%, and at 20 cm mowing height, it increased by 2.5 times to 2.08%. According to the results of the experiment, the productivity of the combine harvester at 5 and 10 cm harvesting height was relatively low, but the total grain loss was in the range of 1.59–1.67 per cent and did not exceed 2 per cent specified in the requirements.
Theoretical study of the movement of raw cotton on a cotton separator
Authors: Khodjiev M T , Mardonov B M , Rakhimov A Kh
Published: December 2022

It is important to thoroughly analyze the separators that are widely used in cotton ginning enterprises today, the most common of which is SS-15A. Because these separators, which are widely used to date, cause damage to seeded cotton and the main product obtained from it, fiber and seed. Therefore, it is a very important current issue to identify ways to eliminate the above-mentioned shortcomings and introduce new improved separators into production. In this article, theoretical studies were carried out after installing a diverter on the cotton deaeration equipment. Invariability of air density and stationarity of air flow movement were also studied. As a result of the conducted scientific research, it was possible to preserve the natural properties of cotton in the separator.
Prerequisites for improving the cleaning process dried seedless grapes (Sultanas)
Authors: Zhanikulov Sh. , Khalmuradov T. , Allanazarov M.
Published: December 2022

The authors propose a technological scheme for cleaning dried sultanas as well as technical means for purification. The basic parameters of working elements and movement of bunches and clumps of dried grapes inside a drum and regularities of their degree of purification are theoretically substantiated.
Environmentally oriented disposal of waste from agricultural enterprises in a biomethane plant
Authors: Apazhev A K , Shekikhachev Y A , Fiapshev A G , Shekikhacheva L Z , Fiapshev B A
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the problem of using agricultural waste for biogas production. To create the material and technical base of agriculture, it is necessary to widely introduce new technologies for the use of agricultural waste, which account for a significant share of local renewable energy sources, comprehensive mechanization and automation of production processes, as well as specialization and cooperation at all stages. A promising direction for providing agricultural enterprises with cheap energy sources is the processing of biological masses and the production of biogas, the use of agricultural waste, waste from crop production, animal husbandry and poultry farming. Disposal of the aforementioned waste is a serious problem, and the use of biogas plants as installations for obtaining alternative energy resources is the most promising direction for their processing. The use of biogas plants as an alternative energy source is largely determined by their design properties and technological processes. A technological scheme for the use of waste based on an original biomethane plant is proposed, the implementation of which will solve the problem of the practical development of potential energy at least part of bioenergy resources, which is of great importance for the development of rural energy.