bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The testing of BPLab Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor on the pregnant in conformity with International Protocol of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH-2001)
Authors: Bartosh L. F. , Dorogova J. V. , Kuznecova T. N. , Krylova A. V.
Published: December 2018

Below are presented the results of BPLab ambulatory blood pressure monitor trials in compliance with International Protocol ESH-2001 method conducted on a group of 33 women with different pregnancy periods. The data on distribution of divergence between expert’s and device’s BP indices testify that the BPLab ambulatory blood pressure monitor meets all the requirements of the said document and may be recommended for wide application for the given category of patients.
Efficacy of moxomdme m chronic migraine
Authors: Amelin A. V. , Tarasova S. V. , Skorometz A. A.
Published: December 2018

This study is the first blind placebo-controlled trial of moxonidine for chronic migraine. The subjects with migraine without aura (n= 30), mean frequency attacks of 5,6 per 4 weeks, were randomy assigned to a three month trial of moxonidine (0,2-0,4 mg/ day) or an identical placebo. Patients kept daily headache records. Twenty-one of 30 included patients completed the study. Five patients stopped medication because of drowsiness and dry mouth with moxonidine. and four other non-related reasons (one on M, two on placebo). The mean frequency attacks was signifcantly decreased, from 5,2 per 4 weeks during placebo period to 3,1 attacs during M (Wile. P=0.0017), as well as compared with the baseline period (Wile. P=0.0007). Forty nine percent were responders (i.e. showed a reduction of the midraine days to 50 percent or less of the migraine attaks during M treatment compared with baseline period), whereas 9 percent deteriorated. During the placebo period, 9 percent were responders, whereas 38 percent deteriorated. These findings suggest that moxonidine may be an effective drug in chronic migraine.
Hypertension m workers ot locomotion and cervical mvofascial syndrome
Authors: Kruglov V. N. , Kryukov N. N.
Published: December 2018

The study addresses cervical vertebral condition and myofascial pain syndrome as a contributor to arterial hypertension. 400 subjects working in a railways (locomotion brigades) of the Kuvbishev railway were examined. The effective system of prevention and combination therapy of hypertension with myofascial pain syndrome in introduced.
Metabolic syndrome: new aspects of old problem
Authors: Vasyuk Y. A. , Sadulaeva I. A. , Yuschuk E. N. , Nesterova E. A. , Chirkov M. V. , Isaeva O. S.
Published: December 2018

Metabolic syndrome includes obesity, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia or insulin resistance, microalbuminuria, hyperuricemia. Till nowadays there are no clear data of its classification. According to numerous researches metabolic syndrome also includes endothelial dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal dysfunction, rheological blood pathology. So that, patients with metabolic syndrome demand more carefull monitoring with necessary study of metabolism, also during physical training, and more complete examination of target-organs, their structure and functions.
The hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic activity
of sympatholytic reserpine: the experimental data
Authors: Okunevich I. V. , Khnychenko L. K. , Sapronov N. S.
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to detect and investigate the hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic activity of sympatholytic reserpine in rats, guinea pigs and rabbits. The experiments are based on the models of dislipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis. It is shown, that reserpine (in dose 0,1 mg/kg i.p.) significantly reduces dislipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis in comparison to the lipid lowing effects of fibrates.
Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in different regions. Impact of used definitions and prognostic value
Authors: Shlyakhto E. V. , Konrady А. О.
Published: December 2018

The review concerns epidemiology of metabolic syndrome on European countries, USA, and Asia as well as several other regions. The impact of different definitions on prevalence assessment is stressed. The results of major prognostic trials in metabolic syndrome are also discussed.
17 European Hypertension congress (Milan, 2007)
Authors: Baranova E. I.
Published: December 2018

Мы живем в эпоху объединения - создан Европейский союз, который служит цели соединения стран Европы в
содружество государств, объединенных не только общей территорией, но и имеющих устойчивые экономические и политические связи. Закономерно, что и врачи Европы стремятся «говорить на одном языке», хотят иметь возможность обмениваться накопленным опытом по лечению различных заболеваний, в том числе артериальной гипертензии. Кроме того, очевидно, что мы живем в эпоху доказательной медицины, у врачей появилась возможность оперировать не только (и не столько) личным опытом, но и фактами, полученными в результате проведения многоцентровых клинических исследований. Именно цели объединения усилий клиницистов по оптимизации диагностики и лечения артериальной гипертензии служат ежегодно проводимые в Европе конгрессы. Очередной конгресс проходил с 15 по 19 июня 2007 года в Милане.
Changes in the level of NHE1, ATP1B1, NKCC1, and GAPDH mRNAs in lymphocytes from patients with mild essential hypertension
Authors: Veremnova A. A. , Matveeva V. V. , Glushankovaa L. N. , Yurinskayaa V. E. , Vassilievaa I. О. , Kalyuznyb A. A. , Isakovb V. A. , Kovalevb Y. R.
Published: December 2018

To study whether lymphocytes from patients with mild essential hypertension differ from healthy persons in the levels of mRNAs encoding Na/H exchanger (NHE1), some other ion transporters, i.e. sodium pump (ATP1B1), NaK2Cl symporter (NKCC1), and proteins unrelated to ion transport: glycolytic enzyme (GAPDH), antiapoptotic regulator (BC1-2) and kinase hSGK. Methods: Human peripheral blood lymphocyte mRNAs were assayed by RT PCR procedure. The amount of cDNA was quantified by photometry of electrophoretic bands stained with ethidium bromide, using digital photocamera and PC program. Hypertensive group included 26 males aged 18-30 years with mild essential hypertension, while normotensives -18 males with the same baseline characteristics except that for blood pressure. Results: The levels of NHE1, ATP1B1, NKCC1, GAPDH mRNAs, but not Bcl-2 or hSGK, in lymphocytes from hypertensives are higher than in normotensives by about factor 2.4-2.6 for ion transporters and 3.5 for GAPDH. Conclusions: The lymphocytes from young males with mild hypertension differ from normotensive ones in that there is a change in abundance of a group of mRNAs comprising not only NHE1, but either ATP1B1, NKCC1, and GAPDH mRNAs. The NHE1 effect is not specific.
Immunoneutralization of endogenousNa/K-ATPase inhibitors in preeclampsia
Authors: Fedorova O. , Reznik V. , Tapilskaya N. , Kashkin V. , Frolova E. V. , Nikitina E. , Bagrov A.
Published: December 2018

Although preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and fetal mortality, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Endogenous digitalis-like cardiotonic steroids (CTS) are implicated in the pathophysiology of PE, as illustrated by clinical observations that Digibind, a digoxin antibody which binds CTS, lowers blood pressure in patients with PE. Recently we reported that plasma levels of marinobufagenin (MBG), a bufadienolide vasoconstrictor CTS, are increased four-fold in patients with severe PE. In the present study, we compared levels of MBG in normal and preeclamptic placentae, and tested whether antibodies against MBG, and against ouabain for their interaction with the material purified from preeclamptic placentae via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Levels of MBG, but not that of endogenous ouabain, exhibited a four-fold elevation in preeclamptic placentae. The elution time of endogenous placental MBG-like immunoreactive material from reverse-phase HPLC column was identical to that of authentic MBG. Immunoassay based on Digibind did not detect cross-reactivity with HPLC containing ouabain-like immunoreactive material, but cross-reacted with HPLC fractions having retention time similar to that of MBG and other bufadienolides. Our results demonstrate that levels of MBG are significantly elevated in preeclamptic placentae, and suggest that MBG is a potential target for immunoneutralization in patients with preeclampsia.
Mitral valverepair: types of correction, immediateand long-term results
Authors: Shikhverdiev N. , Khubulava G. , Marchenko S. , Askerov M.
Published: December 2018

The types of surgical correction of the mitral valve pathology, hospital and long-term results were studied. The mitral valve repair being compared to the mitral valve replacement is procedure of choice as it provides stable results. In the study we demonstrate that the long-term results of reconstructive procedures on the mitral valve have advantages over mitral valve replacement in terms of survival, freedom from reoperation and tromboembolc complications.
Aldosterone blockade, a new strategy in the treatment of resistant hypertension
Authors: Baranova E. , Bolshakova O. , Berkovich O.
Published: December 2018

Pathogenetic role of aldosterone in resistant hypertension phenomenon and its possible correction are discussed. Key words: aldosterone, aldosteronism, resistant hypertension, aldosterone antagonists.
Mineralocorticoid excess and left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Barsukov A. V. , Bagaeva Z. V. , Kadin D. V. , Baranov V. , Shustov S.
Published: December 2018

Primary aldosteronism is one of the most prevalent reasons of secondary hypertension. Mineralocorticoid excess is on independent powerful pathogenic factor of left ventricular hypertrophy and its diastolic dysfunction. The degree of participation of aldosterone precursors in left ventricular remodeling is unknown. Two case reports concerning the peculiarities of different mineralocorticoid influence on left ventricle structure and function are described in the paper.
Endogenous cardiotonic steroids: clinical perspectives
Authors: Fedorova O. V. , Korostovtseva L. , Shapiro J. , Bagrov A.
Published: December 2018

Several endogenous digitalis-like cardiotonic steroids (CTS) have been identified in humans, including endogenous ouabain, a cardenolide, and marinobufagenin which belongs to a class of bufadienolides. The main function of CTS is maintenance of sodium homeostasis and regulation of natriuretic function. Endogenous cardiotonic steroids bind to the Na/K-ATPase and exhibit two kinds of effects, inhibition of transmembrane transport of monovalent cations, and induction of a complex cascade of cell signaling. In Dahl salt-sensitive rats with NaCl-induced hypertension, endogenous ouabain, acting as a neurohormone stimulates adrenocortical marinobufagenin, which raises blood pressure via inhibition of vascular Na/K-ATPase. In a subgroup of hypertensive subjects, which possess a polymorphism of alpha-adducin gene, elevated levels of endogenous ouabain activate renotubular Na/K-ATPase and induce renal sodium retention. Elevated levels of CTS also contribute to pathogenesis of congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, and diabetes mellitus. The approaches to pharmacological antagonism of the effects of CTS include blockade of CTS receptor site on the Na/K-ATPase, immunoneutralization, and interactions at the levels of Na/K-ATPase phosphorylation/dephosphorylation by protein kinases С and G.
Treatment
of hypertension with a very low dose of antibody
to C-fragment of type 1 angiotensin II receptor
Authors: Petrov V. , Kolosova A. , Tarasov S. , Sabanov L. V
. , Kachanova M. V. , Masina G. , Chepurina N. , Brel U. , Chalabi T. , Epshtein O. , Nedogoda S. , Sergeeva S.
Published: December 2018

The study documented blood pressure lowering effect according to ABMP data in 50 hypertensive patients receiving antibodies to C-end fragment to AT1 receptors for 3 months. (Cardos). The drug was well-tolerated and showeed 24-hour significant decrease of blood pressure at day-time as well as at night-time.
Optimization of treatment of hypertension in hypothyroidism: the role and place of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Selivanova G.
Published: December 2018

The study addresses antihypertensive therapy in 60 hypothyroid patients with hypertension of different degrees. It is documented that 70% of hypertensive in patients with sub compensation of hypothyroidism have stage 3 hypertension. The efficacy of perindopril in these patients is 87,5%. The time necessary for blood pressure reduction is longer in patients with older age, severe hypertensions and lower thyroid status.
Blood pressure levels and prevalence of arterial hypertension in the rural and the farthest areas of Irkutsk region
Authors: Dzizinskij A. A. , Sinkova G. , Sprach V. V. , Sinkov A. V.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to investigate blood pressure levels and the prevalence of arterial hypertension in population of working people in rural and the farthest areas of Irkutsk region. Screening blood pressure measurements were taken in 1002 individuals (229 men, 773 women) 18-72 years old (mean age was 46,5 ± 12,6 years). Mean systolic blood pressure was 140,6 mm Hg (95%CI = 139,1-142,2 mm Hg), mean diastolic blood pressure was 85,9 mm Hg (95%CI = 85,1-86,7 mm Hg). Age and sex adjusted prevalence of arterial hypertension was 48,1%.
Risk stratification in ambulatory patients with heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: evaluation of predictive value of standard prognostic markers for 5-years survival
Authors: Sitnikova M. Y. , Lelyavina T. , Fedotov P. A. , Trukshina M. A. , Dorofeikov V. V. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the study was to assess the predictive value of standard prognostic markers in ambulatory patients with heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) discharged after heart failure hospitalization. We used prospectively collected information, including medical history, physical examination, 6-minute walking test, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, blood test (including brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)) (totally 450 variables) in 98 hospitalized patients 45-65 years old (mean age 61 ± 0,8 years, 75 men), with NYHA class HF II-IV, COPD 2-4 stage. After hospital discharge all patients were followed up by cardiologists specialized in HF for a mean period of 5 years. Correlation analysis was used to assess the predictive value of standard prognostic markers. 5-year survival was 81 %. Prognostic markers including older age, ischemic aetiology of HF, diabetes mellitus, angiotensine converting enzyme-inhibitors and β-blockers therapy, tachycardia, low blood pressure, low body mass index, marked elevation of BNP, creatinine, bilirubin, anemia, hyponatriemia, low left ventricular ejection fraction, restrictive mitral filling pattern had no influence on 5-year survival in HF patients with COPD.
Evaluation of the quality of medical care in a multiproﬁle Federal center
Authors: Kasherininov Y.
Published: December 2018

A simple method of evaluating the quality of medical care is presented. Using offered form and expert findings it is possible to make a quantitative conclusion assessing different stages of the diagnostic and treatment procedures, comparing different departments and workers, and analyzing co-elaboration between multitype Federal centre and regional health care system of Russian federation in performing high-technology treatment and diagnostics. There are several examples showing comparative sample check examination between different cardiology departments, and an example of an expert evaluation of an acute coronary syndrome case is given.
Provision of prophylactic medical care in St Petersburg under new socioeconomic conditions
Authors: Paskar N. , Larina I. V. , Parizchkaya E. N. , Simonova O. N.
Published: December 2018

The problem of a new technology and quality of prevention as the medical examination of the population is the most actual in the new socio-economic conditions. The results of additional medical examination of the working citizens of St Petersburg during 2006-2008 years are presented. To evaluate the demand and the type of the medical care required, including high technology, the groups of people according to the healthy state were specified.
Positron emission tomo graphy imaging in the differentiatial diagnosis of cardio megaly of ischemic and noncoronarogenic origin
Authors: Ryzhkova D. , Tyutin L. A. , Mostova M. I. , Zaytsev V. V. , Kuzmina T. V. , Borodina O. S.
Published: December 2018

Objective. The study addresses differentiation of ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomegaly by positron emission tomography (PET). Design and methods. Based on echocardiography data 50 patients with cardiomegaly and reduced systolic function were included in the study: 32 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 18 patients with normal coronary arteries according to angiography results (6 of them had alcohol abuse). All patients underwent PET with [13N]-ammonia and [18F]-FDG for myocardial perfusion and metabolism evaluation. A semiquantitative analysis of the images was performed. Results. All patients with CHD showed large hypoperfusion areas (more than 3 segments) matching the coronary artery flow. Perfusion/metabolism match was revealed in all (100 %) patients with CHD and perfusion/metabolism mismatch was observed in 25 (79 %) patients of the same group. The patients with noncoronarogenic cardiomegaly (NCM) had diffuse heterogeneity of myocardial perfusion, 5 of them showed small and mild perfusion defects with non-segmental distribution. The areas of abnormal perfusion were significantly larger in cases of CHD. Perfusion/metabolism match was noted in 2 (11 %) patients with NCM and none of the patients with NCM showed perfusion/metabolism mismatch. Conclusion. Diffuse heterogeneity of myocardial perfusion, non-segmental distribution of perfusion defects and lack of perfusion/metabolism mismatch are the most important features of noncoronarogenic cardiomegaly as compared to ischemic cardiomegaly.
Antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease after surgical revascularization
Authors: Panov A. , Gordeev M. L. , Kozulin V. Y. , Korzhenevskaya K. V. , Tyan N. A.
Published: December 2018

The article summarizes the data on antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The results of both randomized and open efficiency and safety trials of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel in the perioperative period are discussed as well as our own study results on association of ASA postoperative therapy with CAD recurrence after surgical revascularization are presented.
Multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion computer assisted tomography scanning in evaluation of cerebroprotective efﬁcacy of antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Fedorenko E. V. , Wittsack H. -J. , Russina A. M. , Afanasieva N. L. , Gulyaev V. M. , Shelkovnikova T. A. , Usov W. Y. , Mordovin V. F. , Karpov R. S.
Published: December 2018

A multimodal diagnostic study of the brain was carried out in 22 patients with arterial hypertension (mean systolic blood pressure 152,8 ± 7,6 mm Hg, mean diastolic blood pressure 94,6 ± 5,2 mm Hg), without cardiovascular events in anamnesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion X-ray computer assisted tomography scan (DynCT) of the brain were performed at admission and after six months of antihypertensive treatment. Based on the MRI and DynCT visual data the extent of periventricular oedema, dimensions of liquor system and regional cerebral blood flow (as ml/min/100 g tissue) were quantified. The quantitative MRI and DynCT indices were analyzed regarding the decrease of blood pressure. Significant decrease of periventricular oedema and improvement in perfusion of basal ganglii area were observed in patients demonstrated decrease in systolic blood pressure for 12-28 mm Hg. The degree of the blood pressure decrease was not associated with the significant MRI and DynCT data improvement. Hencefore, we conclude that the brain MRI and perfusion DynCT data can be employed for evaluation of cerebroprotective effects of antihypertensive therapy.
Adiponectin levels, lipid proﬁle and glucose metabolism in patients with abdomi-nal obesity
Authors: Belyaeva O. , Bazhenova E. A. , Berezina A. V. , Bolsha-Kova O. O. , Chubenko E. A. , Garanina A. E. , Baranova E. I. , Berkovich O. A. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

Adiponectin levels, lipid profile and parameters of glucose metabolism were evaluated in patients with abdominal obesity. It was found that adiponectin level negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI). The significant correlations were found between levels of adiponectin, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in patients with abdominal obesity. Patients with abdominal obesity and arterial hypertension had higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides comparing to non-hypertensive patients with abdominal obesity. BMI increase positively correlated with insulin level and insulin resistance index estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Positive correlations were also determined between HOMA-IR and waist circumference, BMI, and adiponectin level.
Health care quality indicators in patients with hypertension
Authors: Paskar N. A.
Published: December 2018

Monitoring of secondary prevention in 1368 hypertensive patients was performed using special quality indicators of medical care with Internet technology paying attention to National Guidelines on Hypertension. Better blood pressure control was achieved, and positive dynamics of medical care in hypertensive patients was demonstrated.
Cardiorenal continuum in hypertensive pregnancy
Authors: Gaisin I. R. , Valeeva R. M. , Maksimov N. I.
Published: December 2018

Risk factors (RF), initial stages, progression, and final stage of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were analyzed in a cohort of 159 pregnant women with hypertensive disorders versus a cohort of 32 healthy pregnant controls. Cardiorenal continuum factors were separately investigated in patients with different gestational hypertension (HT) depending on the diagnostic method: 13 with isolated clinic HT (1CHT), 11 - isolated ambulatory HT (IAHT), and 18 - HT found by all three blood pressure (BP) measurement methods (clinic, ambulatory, and home BP). The number of RF (age, family history of CVD and pre-eclampsia, pre-pregnancy history of smoking, lack of physical exercise, and oral contraception, BP levels, abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, anxiety and depression, oxidative stress, altered fasting plasma glucose, metabolic syndrome), signs of subclinical organ damage (cell membrane destabilization, left ventricular hypertrophy, intima-media thickening, slight increase in serum creatinine, hyperuricaemia, endothelial dysfunction, albuminuria, low glomerular filtration rate), and total cardiovascular risk progressively increased from the condition of being normotensive at the time of office, home, and 24-hour measurements to the condition of being found hypertensive by one, two and all three BP measurement methods, forming the continuum «healthy pregnant women - ICHT - IAHT - gestational HT». Assessment of cardiorenal state in all pregnant women allowed to compose the cline «healthy pregnants- gestational HT- stage I essential HT - stage II essential HT - pre-eclampsia - essential HT with superimposed pre-eclampsia» with the growing risk of CVD and CKD and potential danger of cardiovascular events and chronic renal failure.
Assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy by voltage electrocardiographic criteria in males with coronary atherosclerosis in Yakutia
Authors: Makharova N. V. , Voevoda M. I. , Lyutova F. F. , Nasonova N. V. , Tomskiy M. I.
Published: December 2018

The present research addresses left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) frequency by voltage criteria in male population (representatives of native-born population and non-residents) with verified coronary atherosclerosis in Yakutia. Design and methods. Electrocardiography (ECG) analysis of LVH voltage criteria in patients with verified coronary atherosclerosis was carried out. ECG was analyzed in age-matched male groups - native-born (n = 200) and non-residents (n = 174). LVH criteria included the following measurements: RaVL > 11 mm, RV5(V6) ≥ 27 mm, Sokolow-Lyon voltage > 35 mm, Cornell voltage criteria > 28 mm for men, Cornell voltage duration product > 2440 mm/ms and Gubner-Ungerleider voltage > 25 mm. Results. The following ECG criteria of LVH are more often identified in Yakut inhabitants with verified coronary atherosclerosis: Cornell voltage duration product, RaVL > 11 mm, Cornell voltage criteria and Sokolow-Lyon criteria, more rarely RV5 (≥ 27 mm and Gubner-Ungerleider voltage criteria). LVH with one ore more voltage criteria was defined in 42,8 % of cases, more often among native-born population as compared to non-residents. Conclusion. Therefore, LVH by voltage criteria is defined more often in native-born population in Yakutia. Arterial hypertension is one of the underlying causes leading to LVH.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TOTAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS FOR PROGNOSIS OF STROKE AND HEART ATTACK IN HYPERTENSION
Authors: Dzizinskij A. A. , Sinkova G. M. , Sprach V. V. , Sinkov A. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To assess predictive value of total cardiovascular risk (CV) factors for prognosis of stroke and heart attack in hypertension. Design and methods. 841 hypertensive patients (197 men, 644 women) 19-95 years old were examined. Results. It was established that total CV risk factors have different predictive values. The majority of factors were more valuable for prognosis of heart attack, but not for stroke.
BARORECEPTOR REFLEX ROLE IN BLOOD PRESSURE LONG-TERM REGULATION
Authors: Tsyrlin V. A. , Kuzmenko N. V. , Pliss M. G.
Published: December 2018

Less than 50 % Wistar male rats with intact baroreceptor reflex developed arterial hypertension 8 weeks after renal artery clipping in the model «two kidneys - one clip». Blood pressure level negatively correlated with initial magnitude of the baroreceptor reflex. At the same time all rats (100 %) with the damaged baroreceptor reflex developed hypertension after renal artery clipping. Thus, we conclude that baroreceptor reflex counteracts the development of vasorenal hypertension and it can take part in blood pressure long-term regulation.
Identification of alleles of genes TAF5L and PTPN22 predisposing to Type 1 Diabetes in nuclear affected families
Authors: Kudryashova U. V. , Kostareva A. A. , Ulupova E. O. , Klushina A. V. , Kalinina O. V. , Grizina V. S. , Grineva E. N.
Published: December 2018

Objective. Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a multigeniс autoimmune disease. The study addresses the polymorphism association between PTPN22, TAF5L genes and T1D. Design and methods. 154 nuclear families, each having affected children with T1D and non-diabetic siblings were recruited. The control group included 200 healthy individuals. Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping of PTPN22 gene ((-1123), 549, 620, 692, 757) and TAF5L gene (241, 375, 744, 1362) were investigated. Results. The increase of AA genotype frequency and the decrease of CC genotype frequency were observed in T1D affected group in 744 codone of the TAF5L gene. The decrease of allele G frequency and the increase of allele C frequency in genotype CC in promoter loci (-1123) of PTPN22 gene were observed in T1D affected group. Conclusion. These data provide a better understanding of mechanisms underlying development of diabetes mellitus and could potentially lead to novel approaches to its treatment.
The case of surgery of a left atrial rabdomyosarcomas recurrence
Authors: Gurschenkov A. V. , Antonova I. V. , Mitrofanova L. B. , Sukhova I. V. , Gordeev M. L.
Published: December 2018

Primary cardiac malignancy presents an unusual difficult surgical problem. Herein, we discuss the modern status of this problem and describe the case of favorable surgical management of a giant rabdomyosarcomas, located in the left atrium.
Direct renin inhibitor in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Tatarsky B. A. , Kazyonova N. V. , Serebryakov N. V.
Published: December 2018

Atrial fi brillation is the most common heart rhythm disturbance. Hypertension is a well-established risk factor for many cases of atrial fi brillation, but its predictors are still unknown. The available treatment approaches for atrial fi brillation management are characterized by limited effectiveness and high risk of side effects, thus encouraging researches for new studies. Better understanding of the mechanisms leads to the development of new therapy approaches. This paper presents the results of the study of atrial fi brillation prevention in hypertensive patients getting direct renin inhibitor.
Daily blood pressure profile in young subjects based on Student Health Center data
Authors: Evsevieva M. E. , Sergeeva O. V. , Niculina G. P. , Baturina M. V. , Pamukche S. V. , Naimanova Z. N. , Litvinova M. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To assess the incidence of different variants of arterial hypertension (AH) among students daily BP regulation. Design and methods. 234 students of Stavropol State Medical Academy of both sexes aged 18-23 years (middle age 21,4  0,2 years) were examined, among them 73 men and 161 women. Physical examination and blood pressure (BP) measuring by traditional and monitor methods were performed. For statistical analysis software package STATISTICA, version 6,0 was used. Results. 10,7 % (25 people) of students had isolated offi ce AH and 11,5 % (27 people) had latent AH. Subjects having any type of labile AH demonstrated an increase of daily systolic and diastolic BP and an elevation of mean hemodynamic and pulse BP that has negative predictive value, they also showed an increase of pathological daily profi le rate. Conclusions. About a quarter of young people have various forms of AH that can be diagnosed by only use of 24-hour BP monitoring. They need an active follow-up at the centers of students health.
Vitamin D deficiency and health
Authors: Nikitina I. L. , Karonova T. L. , Grineva E. N.
Published: December 2018

The high prevalence of vitamin D defi ciency worldwide and the associated increased risk for different pathologies require re-evaluation of this problem and its signifi cance. The wide spectrum of the diseases associated with vitamin D defi ciency explains the high scientifi c interest and increasing number of clinical trials in this area, and the involvement of larger populations into studies.
Phylogenesis, structure, and functional heterogeneity of arterial bed and pathogenesis of arterial hypertension
Authors: Titov V. N.
Published: December 2018

During early phylogenesis, each forming paracrine regulated community (future structural and functional units of body organs) included a pool of specialized cells, elements of the interstitial tissue, and local peristaltic pump. In the community the pump performed the biological functions of homeostasis and endoecology (purity of the intercellular medium); the paracrine community regulated the pump via humoral factors. Later on, the development of the biological function of locomotion required a closed circulation system in which the heart and elastic arteries, as a single functional unit, have united millions of much more ancient local peristaltic pumps. We suppose that muscular arterioles are these peristaltic pumps, and the number of paracrine communities equals the number of arterioles in the body. Phylogenetically, arterial bed consists of two segments: proximal (heart and elastic arteries) and distal (muscular arterioles). Proximal segment is regulated by the vasomotor center via sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, and distal segment (peripheral peristaltic pumps) - by paracrine communities. When the biological function of locomotion is performed, two levels of regulation are coordinated via the mechanosensitivity of the muscular arteriolar endothelium, thus providing intense cell perfusion. In the realization of the biological function of homeostasis two mechanisms of regulation are opposing, which is crucial for the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension.
Ischemic stroke in the inhabitants of European north: the analysis of risk factors
Authors: Butikov V. N. , Zaslavsky A. S. , Penina G. O.
Published: December 2018

4810 hospitalization cases of patients with stroke were analyzed, 3762 of them had ischemic stroke, and women were predominant. Among patients with ischemic type of stroke the largest number of patients were hospitalized during spring, however, differences by season were not significant. However, the majority of patients were admitted to the hospitals of the Komi republic in January. First place among the risk factors for ischemic stroke takes hypertension, and women are predominant among hypertensive subjects. However, patients with hypertension as well as those with other cardiovascular diseases are significantly older.
Arterial hypertension in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and orthostatic disorders and its correction: Clinical features and possibilities of correction
Authors: Schekotov V. V. , Shulkina S. G. , Antipova A. A. , Shanko O. V. , Kiseleva N. L.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To characterize diabetic nephropathy and cognitive function in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1, complicated by orthostatic hypotension (OH), and to assess the benefits of venoprotector therapy for the correction of dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE) and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Design and methods. Sixty patients with AH, DM type 1 and OH were included in the study. Schellongs' orthostatic probe, microalbuminuria (MAU) screening with «Micral-Test-11», Mini Mental State examination (MMSE) test, 10 words memo probe, Spielberg test, Beck questionnaire were used. Antihypertensive therapy included «Enalapril» («Hemofarm», Serbia), venoprotective therapy - with «Detralex» («Servier», France). Results. Adequate antihypertensive therapy in patients with DM type 1 in combination with AH and OH leads to aggravation of postural hypertension symptoms. Blood pressure decrease in orthostatic probe and cognitive disorders are associated (r = 0,56, p = 0,009). Use of active orthostatic probe (AOP) leads to the increase of MAU. Venotonic therapy attenuates the symptoms of postural hypotension, leads to the decrease of MAU in AOP and improves cognitive function.
Comparative characteristic of heart rate variability and biochemical parameters in relation to night-shift work in hypertensive patients permanently living in Tyumen Priobje
Authors: Gapon L. I. , Sereda T. V. , Korzhova N. N.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To assess heart rate variability (HRV) and some biochemical and echocardiographic parameters in hypertensive patients and in the control group living in Tyumen Priobje. Design and methods. 52 patients with stage 1 or 2 of arterial hypertension and 32 sex- and age-matching healthy subjects aged 20-50 years living permanently in Tyumen Priobje were examined. 5-minute ECG was recorded at baseline (at out-paient department in the town of Pyt-Yakh) using standard method, and analysis of time and spectral parameters was performed. Lipid profile and blood glucose were measured. The groups did not differ by shift work schedules (presence or absence of night shift). Results. The functional condition of hypertensive patients and controls permanently living in Tyumen Priobje is characterized by overexertion of regulatory systems in the controls and exhaustion of regulatory systems in hypertensive patients. The time and spectral parameters of HRV indicate a predominance of sympathetic regulation in hypertensive patients. Night shift work influences the activity of sympathetic regulation of heart rate, affecting its circadian rhythm in both hypertensives and controls. Healthy subjects are initially characterized by overexertion of regulatory system activity and they are at risk of developing cardiovascular pathology. As arterial hypertension progresses a reduction in overall HRV structure is observed. Night shift work contributes to more rapid change in functional condition towards the exhaustion phase.
Pharmacoeconomic issues of antihypertensive therapy in elderly patients (older than 75 years)
Authors: Petrova M. M. , Bobrova O. P. , Kaskaeva D. S.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To carry out a pharmacoeconomic analysis of the antihypertensive therapy in elderly patients of high cardiovascular risk by the means of the method assessing «expenses - benefits», cost minimization, the increment of cost efficiency. Results. The cost of the daily efficient dose of the original (Renitec, MSD) and generic Enalapril (Hemofarm) was 6,54 and 7,25 rubles, respectively. Minimal coefficient «expenses - benefits» was defined in the group of patients receiving two drug combination therapy including original Enalapril (Renitec, MSD) compared to combination of three drugs including generic Enalapril (Hemofarm) while the antihypertensive effect was comparable. The cost efficiency increment (CER incr) was 169,12 rubles regarding original Enalapril (Renitec, MSD) benefit.
Association of cognitive function with cardiovascular risk factors in middle age individuals
Authors: Zueva I. B. , Vanaeva K. I. , Sanez E. L. , Piotrovskaya V. R. , Genikhovich E. L. , Kirillova V. I. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To find the association between cognitive function and cardiovascular risk factors and to develop statistic model. Results. Our study demonstrated that cognitive dysfunction is more profound in middle-aged patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) compared to the individuals with single risk factors without MS. Multiple regression analysis defined glucose (β = 0,0114) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = -0,212) to be factors related with MMSE-test results. When glucose level was excluded from the model, the following factors were shown to be significant: SBP (β = -0,202), age (β = -0,093), operative memory (β = -0,169), total cholesterol level (β = -0,065), therapy by calcium antagonist (β = 0,082), obesity (β = 0,06), R = 92 %.
Coagulation system reaction to blood loss volume as a result of coronary artery bypass surgery in aspirin-resistant patients with coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension
Authors: Mukhamedova U. , Karpenko M. A. , Solncev V. N.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To assess the coagulation system reaction and blood loss volume depending on aspirin resistance in hypertensive patients with coronary heart disease who underwent bypass surgery. Design and methods. A total of 66 patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease (angina pectoris of III-IV functional class according to Canadian classification) who underwent myocardial revascularization using extracorporeal circulation were examined. All patients were divided into two groups depending on aspirin resistance phenomenon. 22 aspirin-resistant patients formed the first group, the other group consisted of 44 aspirin-sensitive patients. The patients were 49 to 68 year old, and there were 27 women and 39 men. During intraoperative and postoperative periods blood loss was measured in all subjects. Results. We showed that 22 out of 66 patients were aspirin-resistant. No relationship between blood loss volume during intraoperative and postoperative periods and aspirin resistance was observed. All hemostatic system indices regardless of aspirin resistance phenomenon changed equally in both groups.
Statins in the treatment of chronic heart failure: Beyond the hypolipidemic effects
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Korneeva O. N. , Palatkina L. O. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: December 2018

Despite our knowledge about pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and treatment, chronic heart failure (CHF) remains widespread disease with poor prognosis. However, there is not a common opinion whether statins are reasonable in patients with CHF. The data about efficiency and safety of statins are contradictory and demand evidences due to regular exclusion of patients with CHF from the majority of clinical trials of statins. The reduction of the level of low-density lipoproteins is not the unique mechanism of favourable effect of statins in patients with CHF, therefore, their pleiotropic effects are considered very important.
Clinical and pathogenetic role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in atherogenesis
Authors: Krasilnikova E. I. , Kostareva A. A. , Saha D. .. , Saha S. .. , Sergeeva E. G. , Berkovich O. A. , Antonova T. V. , Gorbach A. V. , Romanova M. A. , Ionova Z. I. , Bystrova A. A. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

Peroxisome proliferator receptors alpha (PPAR-α) and their role in atherogenesis has a great practical significance, since there are drugs that can enhance the activity of these receptors. Activation of PPAR-α by fibrates is known to lead to both significant reduction of serum triglyceride levels by activation of lipoprotein lipase, and to the increase of synthesis of the main apolipoproteins within high-density lipoproteins (HDL), contributing to the reverse transport of cholesterol from chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins to the liver. Besides, PPAR-α increase the capture of HDL by liver. PPAR-α also participate in the regulation of inflammation, expression of adhesive molecules, production of chemotactic factors, as well as inhibit the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and activity of fibroblasts. These data suggest that PPAR-α are directly involved in the processes of atherogenesis, and their activation may contribute to the regression of atherosclerotic plaque and significant reduction of cardiometabolic risk.
The effectiveness of the original form of Iindapamide Retard in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tyukalova L. I. , Garganeyeva N. P. , Lukyanova M. A. , Rakhmatullina YU. A.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To assess the effectiveness original Indapamide (Arifon Retard, Servier, France) in patients with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design and methods. 30 hypertensive subjects (mean age — 55 ± 4,0 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled hypertension, who took any of generic forms of Indapamide. Generic forms were substituted by original drug in all subjects (Arifon Retard). The follow-up lasted for 3 months. We assessed blood pressure changes, achievement of target blood pressure level, the changes of blood pressure according to 24-hout blood pressure monitoring. All subjects also filled in the questionnaires on life quality MOS SF-36 (MOS 36-ltem Short-Form Health Survey). Results. The mean decrease of blood pressure was 29/15 mm Hg. 80 % patients achieved target blood pressure levels. The therapy with original form of Indapamide was safe. We observed the decrease of plasma glucose level, of serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoproteins, while there was a slight increase of the level of high density lipoproteins. According to the survey, the quality of life (MOS SF-36) the indicators of physical and mental health considerably increased. Results. Original Indapamide shows benefits in controlling blood pressure in high risk subjects, in particular, in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
LEFT ATRIUM AND MODERN VIEWS ON PATHOGENESIS OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Barsukov A. V. , Glukhovskoy D. V. , Zobnina N. P. , Talantseva M. S. , Sveklina T. S.
Published: December 2018

The reviewed data concerning modern performance about the changes of left atrium in hypertension are cited in the paper. Haemodynamic, neurohumoral, molecular, electrophysiologic pathogenic factors of left atrium structural and functional remodeling in this disease are discussed. Changes of left atrium as hypertensive target organ presents an essential (and as a rule the earliest) sign of cardiovascular continuum.
EFFECTS OF STRESS ON RISK OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN GENERAL MALE POPULATION OF 25–64 YEARS OLD: 14 YEARS OF FOLLOW UP (EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE BASIS OF THE WHO PROGRAM «MONICA — PSYCHOSOCIAL»)
Authors: Gafarov V. V. , Gromova E. A. , Gagulin I. V. , Gafarova A. V.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To study the effects of stress at home and at work on the 14-year risk of hypertension in men aged 25–64 years.

Design and methods. In the framework of the WHO program «MONICA — PSYCHOSOCIAL» a screening study was performed in 1994, and 657 males aged 25–64 years (mean age — 44,3 ± 0,4 years), the citizens of Novosibirsk were included.

Results. The greatest risk of hypertension was observed during the 10-year period in men experiencing stress at home (5-fold increase) and at work (6,8 times higher). Those most at risk of hypertension were the divorced and widowed men, and those with physical labor.
INTERRELATION BETWEEN POLYFUNCTIONAL MONITORING DATA IN YOUNG MEN WITH PRE- OR MILD HYPERTENSION WITH DIFFERENT BLOOD PRESSURE DAILY PROFILE
Authors: Kazidaeva E. N. , Venevtseva Yu. L.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To examine the clinical signiﬁ  cance of polyfunctional 24-hour Holter monitoring with simultaneous recording of electrocardiogram, blood pressure (BP) and respiratory efforts by respiratory inductance plethysmography (Incart, Russia) and functional features of young men with prehypertension or mild arterial hypertension with different proﬁ  le of night arterial blood pressure (BP) decline («dippers», «non-dippers», «over-dippers»).

Design and methods. We examined 43 adolescents and young men aged 16–26 years (mean age 19,4 ± 0,5 years). All of them underwent echocardiography («Vivid 7», GE); 48,8 % of patients were overweight or obese (body mass index, BMI > 24,9 kg/m2), and BMI was comparable in all groups. Results. Breathing disturbances (apnea/hypopnea episodes) were found in 86 % patients and were positively related with high frequency (HF) spectrum power of heart rate variability (HRV) at night-time and were not related with BMI, BP or type of night BP decline. The analysis of echocardiography revealed that in «non-dippers» (n = 18) left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMMI) was higher (94,3 ± 16,6 g/m2) than in «over-dippers» (n = 15; 77,8 ± 10,3 g/m2, р < 0,001). In daytime «non-dippers» had lower HRV (total power spectrum and power in all three groups) and power spectrum of VLF and LF spectrum at night. The frequency of repolarization instability (transient T-wave inversion) and early repolarization syndrome was higher in «over-dippers» (66,7 %, р < 0,01). Circadian index of HR was also higher (150 %) in «over-dippers». The number of sleep apnea in «non-dippers» and «dippers» was higher (39,7 ± 29,7 and 37,1 ± 18,1 episodes per hour of sleep) than in «over-dippers» (22,3 ± 12,0 episodes per hour of sleep, р < 0,05), but the last group had more hypopneas.

Conclusion. Breathing disturbances were a frequent, and, probably, physiological, ﬁ  nding at polyfunctional 24-hour Holter monitoring in young overweight men with pre- or mild hypertension. There is a relationship between LVMMI and nocturnal BP dipping even in young men. Young «non-dippers» demonstrate the same clinical pattern as the older ones. «Over-dipper» type is characterized predominantly by lower HR at night and ECG repolarization abnormalities.
ADIPONECTIN: BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON METABOLIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTIONS
Authors: Parfenova N. S. , Tanyanskiy D. A.
Published: December 2018

To devote my favourite teaсher Yanina Vladimirovna Blagosklonnaya
HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: FIBROSIS OR HYPERTROPHY
Authors: Savchenko M. I. , Kovalev YU. R. , Kuchinskiy A. P.
Published: December 2018

Objective.Despite the high frequency — 0,2 % (1:500) population, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is still considered one of the most mysterious and misunderstood diseases of myocardium. Insidious pathology has neither specific anatomical and morphological, nor clinical features which makes it a delayed-action bomb: nobody is capable to predict when and what clinical symptoms develop. The clinical phenotype of HCM varies from latent course when the symptoms are absent till rapid progress of heart failure syndrome and sudden cardiac death due to severe arrhythmia. The review covers modern view on genetics, morphology and pathogenesis of HCM.