bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recovering Impunity
Authors: Jones Eric C. , Luque Diana , Murphy Arthur D.
Published: September 2018

In the state of Sonora, the 2009 Hermosillo ABC Day Care Center fire and the 2014 Cananea copper mine spill highlighted how deregulation and divestiture of state services by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and the National Action Party (PAN) served the interests of a few elites, who maintained rule through mechanisms of impunity: in other words, through actions undertaken without concern about the law or repercussions. Although impunity produces a seemingly incoherent set of policy and politics, results from dozens of semi-structured interviews by our team also suggest that exercising power through impunity is part of the culture of governance in Mexico, relying on global ties, but not necessarily requiring any specific individual or party leadership.

El incendio de la Guardería ABC de la Cd. de Hermosillo, Sonora en 2009, y el derrame de la mina de cobre de Cananea, Sonora en 2014, exhibió la falta de regulación estatal, así como la ineficiencia en materia de servicios públicos durante las administraciones de los partidos políticos del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) así como del Partido Acción Nacional (PAN), demostrando que finalmente están al servicio de los intereses de pequeñas élites que mantienen y gobiernan a través de mecanismos de impunidad. Aunque la impunidad sí produce un conjunto de programas y políticas incoherentes, los resultados de más de 100 entrevistas semi-estructuradas sugieren que, además, el ejercicio de poder mediante la impunidad es parte de una cultura de gobernanza en México, que requiere vínculos globales, pero no necesariamente requiere liderazgos específicos, ya sean individuales o de partido.
KLF14 potentiates oxidative adaptation via modulating HO-1 signaling in castrate-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Luo Xiao-hui , Liu Jian-zhou , Wang Bo , Men Qun-li , Ju Yu-quan , Yin Feng-yan , Zheng Chao , Li Wei
Published: September 2018

Insights into the mechanisms by which key factors stimulate cell growth under androgen-depleted conditions is a premise to the development of effective treatments with clinically significant activity in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Herein, we report that, the expression of Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14), a master transcription factor in the regulation of lipid metabolism, was significantly induced in castration-insensitive PCa cells and tumor tissues from a mouse xenograft model of CRPC. KLF14 upregulation in PCa cells, which was stimulated upstream by oxidative stress, was dependent on multiple pathways including PI3K/AKT, p42/p44 MAPK, AMPK and PKC pathways. By means of ectopic overexpression and genetic inactivation, we further show that KLF14 promoted cell growth via positive regulation of the antioxidant response under androgen-depleted conditions. Mechanistically, KLF14 coupled to p300 and CBP to enhance the transcriptional activation of HMOX1, the gene encoding the antioxidative enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) that is one of the most important mechanisms of cell adaptation to stress. Transient knockdown of HMOX1 is sufficient to overcome KLF14 overexpression-potentiated PCa cell growth under androgen-depleted conditions. From a pharmacological standpoint, in vivo administration of ZnPPIX (a specific inhibitor of HO-1) effectively attenuates castration-resistant progression in the mouse xenograft model, without changing KLF14 level. Together, these results provide comprehensive insight into the KLF14-dependent regulation of antioxidant response and subsequent pathogenesis of castration resistance and indicate that interventions targeting the KLF14/HO-1 adaptive mechanism should be further explored for CRPC treatment.
RELACIÓN ENTRE LOS PARÁMETROS ANTROPOMÉTRICOS Y LA ADHESIÓN A LA DIETA MEDITERRÁNEA EN JÓVENES PIRAGÜISTAS HOMBRES DE ÉLITE
Authors: Vaquero-Cristóbal Raquel , Alacid Fernando , Muyor Jose M. , López-Miñarro Pedro A.
Published: September 2018

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la adhesión a la dieta mediterránea y su relación con las variables antropométricas en piragüistas cadetes de élite. Para ello, 110 piragüistas varones de categoría cadete (media de edad: 15,51 ±0,66 años y IMC medio: 22,66 ± 2,03 kg·m-2) fueron valorados antropométricamente siguiendo las indicaciones de la International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. También se analizó su adherencia a la dieta mediterránea mediante la autocomplementación del cuestionario KIDMED. Se encontró que seis piragüistas tuvieron una baja adhesión a la dieta mediterránea; 31, una mediana, y 73, una excelente. Al dividir a los piragüistas en función de su adhesión a la dieta mediterránea, se hallaron valores similares en las variables antropométricas, el índice de masa corporal, el somatotipo y los porcentajes de composición corporal. En general, los piragüistas mostraron un consumo adecuado de cereales, aceite de oliva, productos lácteos en el desayuno, bollería industrial, dulces, golosinas y comida rápida. No obstante, ingerían menos fruta, verdura, pescado, legumbres, yogures, queso y frutos secos de lo recomendado. En conclusión, no se encontró una relación clara entre los parámetros antropométricos y el grado de adhesión del deportista a la dieta mediterránea en piragüistas varones cadetes de élite. Además, la mayoría de los participantes mostraron una adhesión media o excelente a la dieta mediterránea.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ANTROPOMÉTRICAS Y POTENCIA DE MIEMBROS INFERIORES EN JUGADORES UNIVERSITARIOS DE RUGBY-7
Authors: de Azevedo Martins Moises Silvestre , Nunes Eryclis Miguel , Rodrigues Carlos Diego , Hernández-Mosqueira Claudio Marcelo , Fernandes da Silva Sandro
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las variables antropométricas y de potencia de miembros inferiores (PMI) en una muestra de jugadores de rugby-7 de diferentes posiciones. Participaron 22 jugadores universitarios clasificados de acuerdo con las posiciones ocupadas en el terreno de juego en back y forward. Para evaluar el porcentaje de grasa, se utilizó el protocolo de 7 pliegues cutáneos de Jackson & Pollock, y para las pruebas de PMI salto vertical (CMJ), salto horizontal y salto triple. Con el afán de comparar las variables del estudio, fue adoptado el test T para muestras pareadas, siendo el p < 0,05. Los resultados indicaron una diferencia significativa entre la masa total (t = , p < 0,01), la masa libre de grasa (p < 0,05), la masa adiposa (p < 0,01) y el CMJ (p < 0,005) entre los grupos. Se observa que las características antropométricas y neuromusculares para los forwards son distintas de las de los backs, debido a la posición de juego, que requiere una configuración morfológica y física distinta.
Stability with Respect to a Part of Variables under Constant Perturbations of the Partial Equilibrium Position of Differential Equation Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Lipasov Pavel P. , Shchennikov Vladimir N.
Published: September 2018

Introduction. It is impossible to take into account all the forces acting in the process of mathematical modeling of dynamic processes. In order that mathematical models the most accurately describe the dynamic processes, they must include the terms that correspond the constant perturbations. These problems arise in applied tasks. In this paper we consider the case when the system allows for the partial equilibrium position. The aim of this work is to prove the stability theorem for the partial equilibrium position at constant perturbations, which are small at every instant.
Materials and Methods. The research objects are nonlinear systems of differential equations that allow for a partial equilibrium position. Using the second Lyapunov method, there are proved the stability theorems for the constant perturbations of the partial equilibrium position, which are small at every instant.
Results. Together with the introduction of stability for a part of the variables, it has become necessary to introduce stability for the part of phase variables under constant perturbations. The first stability theorem of the part of phase variables under constant perturbations was obtained by A. S. Oziraner. In this work, we prove a theorem of the stability of the constant perturbations of the partial equilibrium position, small at every instant. It should be noted that there is no stability theorems of constant perturbations for the partial equilibrium position. Thus, the theorem proved in this work is of a pioneer nature.
Conclusions. The theorem 3 proved in the work is the development of the mathematical theory of stability. The results of this work are applicable in the mechanics of controlled motion, nonlinear system.
Anti-obesity Public Service Announcements: An Exploratory Study on Perceived Realism and Identification with Advertisement Characters
Authors: Wrzecionkowska Dagmara
Published: September 2018

Los medios masivos proporcionan un vehículo importante para combatir la obesidad; sin embargo, la evidencia científica de la eficacia de los anuncios contra la obesidad es escasa y el concepto de identificación poco desarrollado en ese contexto. La identificación y percepción de realismo, facilita el involucramiento y fomenta la eficacia del mensaje. A quince madres se les presentaron cuatro representaciones de personas con sobre peso: (1) una persona sedentaria con obesidad, comiendo en exceso; (2) una persona con sobre peso, realizando con dificultad actividades diarias; (3) varias personas con sobre peso, en un barrio de nivel socio-económico bajo; (4) una persona con sobre peso, haciendo ejercicio y limitándose en sus porciones de alimentos. Este estudio exploratorio sugiere que asociar a una persona con obesidad a las actividades percibidas negativamente, limita la identificación, independientemente de que las actividades sean percibidas como realistas.
PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NOVEL BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AT EXPERIMENTAL INFLUENZA INFECTION
Authors: Zarubaev V. V. , Vasilieva S. V. , Esaulkova Y. L. , Garshinina A. V. , Veprintseva V. M. , Galochkina A. V. , Protsak Y. S. , Teselkin I. V. , Morkovnik A. S. , Divaeva L. N. , Lavrentieva I. N.
Published: September 2018

Influenza is an acute respiratory viral infection, which represents an important health problem. Every year, influenza causes epidemics  and pandemics, leading to increase in morbidity and mortality in all  regions of the globe. Due to the segmental organization of the  genome and low accuracy of its replication, the influenza virus is  capable of escaping the host’s immune response (antigenic drift), as  well as the selection of drug-resistant variants. This calls for  constant monitoring of the sensitivity of viral isolates to antiviral  drugs and the development of new etiotropic antiviral agents that  have alternative targets and mechanisms of activity. The purpose of  this study was to characterize the new aminobenzimidazole  derivatives as protective agents in lethal influenza infection in white  mice. The efficacy of the compounds was assessed by their ability to  reduce specific mortality of animals in the course of lethal influenza  pneumonia caused by the influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)  irus, increase the life duration of animals, and normalize the  morphological structure of lung tissue comparing to the placebo  group. For all the compounds studied, a decrease in the specific  mortality of animals (from 20 to 60%) has been shown. The  reference drug (oseltamivir phosphate) reduced the mortality of  mice by 80%. The benzimidazole derivative 2519 demonstrated the  highest indices of protective activity, its use reduced the mortality of  animals by 60% and increased their mean day of death by 1.6 days in comparison with the control group. Morphological analysis showed that the activity of derivative 2519 was manifested in the  normalization of the morphological structure of lung tissue in the  course of influenza pneumonia. On day 5 after infection, the cells of  the bronchial epithelium looked intact, in contrast to destroyed cells  with numerous viral inclusions in control animals. The foci of  inflammation themselves occupied a smaller area compared to the  control. At the same time, there was no correlation between the  previously obtained data on the virus-inhibiting effect of these  compounds in vitro and the data obtained in animals. This suggests  that despite the presence of direct antiviral activity detected  previously in in vitro experiments, the protective properties of the  studied aminobenzimidazoles on animals are caused, in addition to  the etiotropic effect, by other pathogenetic factors. In conclusion,  amino derivatives of benzimidazole should be considered as  compounds that are promising for further development and  introduction as an anti-influenza agents.
DETERMINATION OF SOME IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HHV-6-MEDIATED INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS IN CHILDREN BY THE METHOD OF DISCRIMINATORY ANALYSIS
Authors: Filatova E. N. , Solntsev L. A. , Presnyakova N. B. , Kulova E. A. , Utkin O. V.
Published: September 2018

Human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) is a lymphotropic virus that is an etiological agent of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in children. HHV-6- mediated infectious mononucleosis (HHV-6M) does not have clearly  defined clinical features. Nowadays immunopathogenetic aspects of  this disease have not been fully understood. The purpose of this  work was to study the characteristics of the quantitative composition  of populations of immunocompetent cells of peripheral  blood in children with HHV-6M. The material for the study was  samples of peripheral blood from children with “infectious  mononucleosis” diagnosis and from virtually healthy children.  Depending on the etiologic cause of the disease, children with IM  were divided into three groups: HHV-6M, IM of other etiology and  mixed infection (combination of HHV-6 and Epstein–Barr virus  and/or Cytomegalovirus). Virtually healthy children formed the  fourth group. In blood samples, the absolute content of the following populations of immunocompetent cells was determined by the  method of flow cytometry: the total population of T-lymphocytes, T- helpers, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, double positive T-lymphocytes  (CD4+CD8+), NK cells and B-lymphocytes. Discriminant analysis  was carried out: based on the obtained data on the population  composition of blood cells we constructed a model of a child’s  attribution to one of the four groups analyzed in pairs. We used the  method of machine learning — the algorithm of gradient boosting  over decision trees. It was determined whether it is possible to  classify patients on the basis of the studied indicators and which  combination of indicators is optimal for classification. As a result of  the study it was possible to classify the following pairs of groups:  healthy children — children with HHV- 6M, healthy children —  children with IM of other etiology, children with HHV-6M — children  with IM of other etiology. When solving the problem of classifying  children from group with mixed infection and from any other group,  it was not possible to find a model of satisfactory quality. In  comparison with virtually healthy children, children with HHV-6M were characterized by an increased content of the total  population of T-lymphocytes and cytotoxic T-cells, as well as by a  reduced content of doub le-positive T-lymphocytes. Compared with  children with IM of other etiology, children with HHV-6M were  characterized by an increased content of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, T- helpers, B-lymphocytes and a reduced number of double-positive T  cells. Our results indicate that HHV-6-mediated infectious  mononucleosis causes changes in the quantitative composition of  certain populations of immunocompetent cells of peripheral blood,  different from those of other etiology, in children.
ASSOCIATION OF THE VARIANTS OF NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE OF THE GENE ADIPOQ WITH PLASMATIC LEVEL OF ADIPONECTIN, THE GRADE OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS SEVERITY AND RATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Smetnev S. A. , Meshkov A. N. , Klimushina M. V. , Gavrilova N. E. , Ershova A. I. , Kiseleva A. V. , Metelskaya V. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: September 2018

Aim. The search for genetic markers of ADIPOQ, associated with the level of adiponectin and development of coronary atherosclerosis.

Material and methods. To the study, patients included, who had undergone diagnostic coronary arteriography in 2011-2012 in the NMRCPM with assessment of the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. The level of adiponectin was measured in plasma with the test-system based on the immune enzyme analysis. Genetic variants rs17300539, rs182052 and rs266729 gene ADIPOQ were measured realtime (Applied Biosystems, 7500 Real Time PCR System). Alleles of the studied variants were summarized by a unified score of genetic risk (SGR).

Results. To the study, 447 patients included, of those 319 males (70,7%). Median of age was 61 [55-69] y.o. All patients were selected to 2 groups by SGR (≤2 and >2, respectively). Groups differed by the level of adiponectin 7,64 vs 8,29 mcg/mL (р=0,01), total cholesterol 4,60 vs 5,00 mM/L (p=0,03), cholesterol of low density lipoproteides 2,8 vs 3,09 mM/L (p=0,03), and the rate of unstable angina development 2,15% vs 6,8% (р=0,02) and type 2 diabetes 11,8% vs 21,1% (р=0,01), respectively. There was no difference in the groups by Syntax and Gensini score.

Conclusion. Genetic score based on the three variants of ADIPOQ does determine the plasmatic level of adiponectin and risk of unstable angina and diabetes, but not the grade of coronary atherosclerosis.
RAISED LEVEL OF LIPOPROTEIDE(A) AS A PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATION POST REVASCULARIZATION OF THE LOWER ExTREMETIES ARTERIES
Authors: Tmojan N. A. , Afanasieva О I. , Zotikov A. Е. , Klesareva E. A. , Abdulgamidov M. M. , Ezhov М. V. , Pokrovsky A. V. , Pokrovsky S. N.
Published: September 2018

Aim. Lipoproteide (a) (Lpa) is a pathogenetic risk factor of cardiovascular atherosclerotic disease. On the role of Lpa in the development of cardiovascular complications (CVC) after lower limbs arteries revascularization, there is lack of data. The aim of the study was assessment of Lpa relation to CVC occurrence after revascularization of lower extremities during 1 year follow-up.

Material and methods. In the study, 111 patients were included (97 males, 14 females, mean age 66±9 y.o.), who had undergone revascularization of lower libms arteries due to atherosclerosis. As CVC during 1 year follow-up, the following were taken: recurrent intermittent claudication, lower extremity amputation, ischemic stroke, transient cerebral ischemia, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, repeat revascularization and cardiovascular death. In all patients, in the blood serum, there were measured lipids and Lpa.

Results. Within 1 year after revascularization there were 45 (41%) CVC. In the group with raised Lpa ≥30 mg/dL there were more CVC than in Lpa <30 mg/dL: relative risk 2,1 (95% CI 1,3-3,5; p=0,004). Hence the increased level of Lpa is an independent predictor of CVC after revascularization of lower extremities arteries.

Conclusion. In prospective study, during 1 year after revascularization the level of Lpa ≥30 mg/dL is associated with double increase of the risk of CVC.
Comunidades terapêuticas para pessoas que fazem uso de drogas: uma política de confinamento
Authors: Galindo Dolores , Pimentél-Méllo Ricardo , Moura Morgana
Published: September 2018

Este artigo problematiza o processo terapêutico voltado às pessoas que fazem uso de drogas defendido por uma das maiores redes de comunidades terapêuticas do Brasil. Nas duas primeiras décadas dos anos 2000, as comunidades terapêuticas (CTs) emergem e se expandem como equipamentos que criminalizam, patologizam e cristianizam pessoas que fazem uso de drogas. As CTs se caracterizam por práticas de manipulação de corpos e mortificação da vida, pela obrigatoriedade do trabalho, por uma ortopedia no conviver comunitário e pela imposição da espiritualidade como modo de vida. No contexto mais amplo das políticas de saúde mental e atenção psicossocial, as CTs representam um retrocesso nas práticas derivadas das lutas antimanicomiais e antiproibicionistas.
¿Resulta posible que un pueblo se autogobierne? Una paradoja generada por la ambigüedad entre participación y representación en la libertad de los modernos en el contexto de la libertad de los antiguos
Authors: Macsabio José Agustín Millán
Published: September 2018

El propósito de este texto es exponer, una relación sociológica obviada por muchos analistas políticos en la actualidad entre el concepto de pueblo, la crisis de representación del cuerpo de lo político que de aquel concepto se deriva y la ambigüedad que se patentiza con las crisis entre participación y representación de la libertad de los modernos, en el contexto de la libertad de los antiguos.

De esta manera, queremos realizar una comprensión sociológica sobre esa relación relegada, al desplegar sobre ella una pregunta concerniente la posibilidad de que un pueblo se autogobierne y las consecuencias de anulación y destrucción de los ejercicios de deberes y derechos que toda ciudadanía democrática reporta. y el pasmo que esto supone en el concepto de habitante, como base de aquel, permitiendo la construcción ideológica y utópica de una ficción de un pueblo soberano: en definitiva ralentización , parálisis y anulación de la ciudadanía moderna.
Intervenção do assistente social na saúde mental: um relato de experiência
Authors: Gomes Thayse Fernanda , Cariaga Silva Maria Helena
Published: September 2018

O trabalho é produto da experiência da assistente social residente em saúde mental inserida no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) II. O CAPS, é um serviço de atendimento a portadores de transtorno mental, por meio da criação de espaços de construção de relações sociais. A experiência teve como ponto de partida a observação durante o período de vivência na Unidade sobre atuação do profissional em Serviço Social, bem como o reflexo de sua atuação na prestação dos serviços ao usuário portador de transtorno mental. Por meio da intervenção profissional em acompanhar o cotidiano deste serviço e por meio do suporte teórico-metodológico que a residência proporciona, foi possível construir um olhar crítico sobre o fazer profissional do assistente social dentro do contexto da Saúde Mental e do SUS. Esse relato tem a finalidade de explanar a contribuição do Assistente Social na instituição e a importância do protagonismo da residente no serviço visando a qualidade de vida do usuário.
Aspectos do trabalho e formação docente no serviço de atendimento educacional especializado da rede estadual de ensino de Santa Catarina
Authors: Coutinho Lediane , Cordeiro Aliciene Fusca Machado
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo conhecer aspectos do trabalho e formação do professor do Serviço de Atendimento Educacional Especializado (SAEDE) na Rede Estadual de Ensino em Joinville/SC. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram a aplicação de questionários junto a dezesseis professoras atuantes no SAEDE em Joinville, sendo suas respostas analisadas por meio da Análise de Conteúdo (FRANCO, 2012). Os resultados evidenciaram que a formação continuada em serviço parece não ser favorecida nos espaços escolares em função das atuais condições de trabalho das docentes, que estão quase totalmente voltadas a atender estudantes. Entendeu-se que, para compreender aspectos do trabalho e formação dos professores do SAEDE é preciso conhecer e discutir a estrutura organizativa das escolas, bem como o contexto político, ideológico e econômico que as envolvem atuam como seus determinantes.
Towards a Psychoanalytic Concept of Affective-Digital Labour
Authors: Johanssen Jacob
Published: September 2018

This article draws on the argument that users on corporate social media conduct labour through the sharing of user-generated content. Critical political economists argue that such acts contribute to value creation on social media and are therefore to be seen as labour. Following a brief introduction of this paradigm, I relate it to the notion of affective labour which has been popularised by the Marxist thinkers Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri. To them, affective labour (as a sub-category of immaterial labour) denotes embodied forms of labour that are about passion, well-being, feelings of ease, immaterial products and generally a kind of communicative relationality between individuals. I point to some problems with a lack of clarity in their conceptualisation of affective labour and argue that the Freudian model of affect can help in theorising affective labour further through a focus on social media. According to Freud, affect can be understood as a subjective, bodily experience which is in tension with the discursive and denotes a momentary feeling of bodily dispossession. In order to illustrate those points, I draw on some data from a research project which featured interviews with social media users who have facial disfigurements about their affective experiences online. The narratives attempt to turn embodied experiences into discourse.
Affect in Media and Communication Studies: Potentials and Assemblages
Authors: Hipfl Brigitte
Published: September 2018

After a general mapping of the different understandings of affect, this article focuses on two aspects of a Deleuze-Guattarian understanding of affect which are of particular relevance for media and communication studies. The first is understanding affect as potential. It is through the forces of encounter that bodies are affected and that these affections then can be turned into action, into their capacity to affect. The second is understanding the perpetual becoming that takes place through continual encounters between bodies; with each encounter, the body changes, however slightly and subtly. The concept of assemblage that allows one to grasp these dynamics and complexities is discussed as an approach towards a much more complex theoretical grounding for processes of agency and power. Working with affect in media and communication studies, a three-fold strategy will be presented: to analyse how media generate affects and capitalise on them; to analyse what media do—in the sense of mobilizing potential; to analyse phenomena of mediated communication as assemblages. The article ends with challenges and new paths for conducting research on affect.
A method for assessing the results of survival of an auto-fat graft after lipofilling in patients with breast cancer during surgical rehabilitation
Authors: Zikiryakhodzhayev A. D. , Kalinina–Masri A. A. , Rotobelskaya L. E. , Sukhotko A. S. , Usov F. N. , Ratushnaya V. V. , Evtyagina N. V.
Published: September 2018

Purpose.Determine the survival of the auto-fat gra  a er lipoﬁ lling in the process of reconstruc on in pa ents with breast cancer.

Paents and methods. The study included 60 pa ents who underwent lipoﬁ lling both at the ﬁ rst stage of recons tu on and at its ﬁ nal stages. The ar cle describes the procedure for performing the lipoﬁ lling procedure, monitoring and evalua on of the degree of survival of the autologous transplant.

Results.As a result of the study, we determined the average survival rate of adiposessue in the recipient zone, which was 76.50% (p <0.00001), which further posi vely aﬀ ects the subsequent stages of reconstruc on and the ﬁ nal result as a whole.

Conclusion.Given the good survival of the auto-gra , lipoﬁ lling is part of the surgical rehabilita on of pa ents a er combined / complex / surgical treatment. The procedure is applicable in the ﬁ rst stage of delayed reconstruc on, with the replacement of the  ssue expander with a silicone endoprosthesis and as a correc ve method at the ﬁ nal stage of reconstruc on.
Automated skin melanoma diagnostics based on mathematical model of artificial convolutional neural network
Authors: Gavrilov D. A. , Zakirov E. I. , Gameeva E. V. , Semenov V. Yu. , Aleksandrova O. Yu.
Published: September 2018

In the last 10 years there has been a revolu on in the ﬁ eld of computer image analysis and pa ern recogni on. Modern algorithms of computer vision equaled and even in some problems surpassed human capabili es. This jerk is largely due to the emergence and development of the technology of deep convolu onal neural networks.

Recent developments in the ﬁ eld of image processing and machine learning open up the prospect of crea ng systems based on ar ﬁ cial neural convolu onal networks, superior to humans in problems of image classiﬁ ca on, in par cular, in solving problems of analysis of various medical images. Among the most promising applica ons: automated recogni on and classiﬁ ca on of skin diseases, detec on of pathologies on X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound imaging. In the proposed project, we will focusour a en on on the diagnosis of human skin diseases.

At the moment, melanoma is one of the most dangerous types of malignant tumors of the skin with a lot of deaths due to rapid metastasis, which is diﬃcult to treat. The development of computer vision technology has allowed the development of technical vision systems that allow detec on and classiﬁ ca on of skin diseases with a quality that is comparable and in some cases exceeds the values a ained by man.

In this paper, the authors propose an algorithm for the primary diagnosis of skin melanoma based on deep neural networks, achieving an accuracy of 91% for melanoma in dermatoscopic images. At the moment, the algorithm is implemented programma cally and is used in the test version of the online system for detec ng and classifying skin diseases, available at skincheckup.online.

Thanks to this development, the prospect of a signiﬁ cantincrease in the propor on of people subjected to preven ve examina on for the presence of skin diseases opens up. Along with this, an addi onal source of informa on for specialized professionals can also play a role in seng the right diagnosis.
Psychoemotional stress in somatically burdened oncological surgery patients as one of the factors of postoperative complications
Authors: Udalov Yu. D. , Gordienko A. V. , Samoilov A. S. , Zabelin M. V. , Bakharev S. A.
Published: September 2018

Planned surgical interven ons account for more than half of all opera ons in the Russian Federa on, of which more than 20–30% are performed for oncological diseases. Characteris c is an increase in the number of operated pa ents in older age groups with severe concomitant pathology and a high percentage of postopera ve complica ons, including due to psychoemo onal pathology, which can be excluded or adjusted at the preopera ve stage.

Purpose.Evalua on of the inﬂ uence of the psychoemo onal state of the oncochirical soma cally burdened patient on the lethality and revealing the possibility of correc on of the psychoemo onal state at the preopera ve stage.

Paents and methods. In the period from 2006 to 2016 in the departments of therapy and oncology of the Regional Clinical Hospital of the City Clinical Hospital No. 40 of the Moscow City Health Department, AI.Burnazyan The FMBA of Russia analyzed the treatment of 958 soma cally burdened pa ents with various oncopathology who underwent opera ve interven on in a planned manner. An analysis of the psychoemo onal state of pa ents before and aft er surgery was performed using Hamilton diagnos c scales.

Results.After a retrospec ve evalua on, it was determined that prac cally all patients of the oncosurgical proﬁ le undergo various psychoemo onal strains of varying strength and dura on, both before and after surgery. This can disrupt the blood ﬂ ow in the organs andssues, and lead to various complica ons, which manifests itself in the form of hypoxia and ischemia, which, in turn, jus fy the development of postopera ve delirium and myocardial infarc on.

Conclusions.Clear distinctions between the anxiety severity in groups on outcomes of hospitaliza on of the oncosurgical patient were determined, and the tendency of the rela onship between the level of the anxiety state and the postopera ve complica ons that had been ridden in the early postopera ve period in soma cally burdened pa ents was determined. Patients of the oncosurgical proﬁ le without fail are shown psychopharmacotherapy in the pre- and postopera ve periods, depending on the revealed pathology.
The role of platelets in inflammation and immunity
Authors: Sviridova S. P. , Somonova O. V. , Kashiya Sh. R. , Obukhova O. A. , Sotnikov A. V.
Published: September 2018

In recent decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of platelet function and platelet hemostasis correction. Platelets are considered as the most important participants of both normal, and pathological thrombotic process characteristic of the most diﬀerent diseases and states. In the present review pathophysiological mechanisms of platelet synthesis of various mediators with paracrine eﬀects, which can influence the function of other cells, are consecrated. The physiology of platelets was considered in detail. The leading role of platelets in pathogenesis of the majority of diseases of cardiovascular system as modulators of inflammatory reactions of the immune response which are considered as the leading mechanism of development of atherosclerosis was shown. The ability of platelets to encode inflammatory proteins allowing them to influence adaptive immunity functions was discussed. The role of platelets as a key component of the innate immune system was presented, which is confirmed by the presence of Tolllike receptors (TLR) and glycoproteins, such as integrin αIIbβ3, glycoprotein Ib-IX and FcγRIIa, involved in interaction with bacterial cells. The pathogenesis of the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates due to the rapid reversible interaction of P-selectin (CD62P) on the platelet surface with ligand-1 glycoprotein P-selectin (PSGL-1) on the plasma of leukocytes and the mechanism of extracellular neutrophil traps (NETs), as well as the influence of platelets on the function of lymphocytes was presented. The role of platelets in cancer progression, metastasis and thrombosis is considered, and the interrelation of thrombosis and metastasis in malignant diseases was analyzed. The eﬃciency of the use of antithrombotic drugs in the prevention of thrombosis and, as a consequence, in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and cancer was discussed.
El discurso neoliberal y sus relaciones con el campo jurídico
Authors: Fortich Navarro Mónica Patricia
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo de investigación propone una lectura sobre las relaciones entre el campo del derecho y el campo de la economía a partir de los mecanismos de producción y reproducción del discurso neoliberal en los ordenamientos jurídicos de algunos países de América Latina. Se pretende una aproximación a la definición de los mecanismos y estrategias discursivas dentro del campo jurídico a partir de la definición que ofrece Pierre Bourdieu
La protección penal del Medio Ambiente
Authors: Sánchez Zapata Sebastián Felipe
Published: September 2018

El estudio del Derecho medioambiental comprende todo un elenco de problemas jurídico-penales de muy difícil solución. Basta acudir a la definición del bien jurídico protegido para darse cuenta de las dificultades que existen al proteger concretos objetos materiales como los yacimientos mineros. A continuación, el texto expone lo que debe entenderse por "medio ambiente" como interés protegido en el artículo 338 del Código Penal colombiano sobre minería ilegal.
Los efectos “presidencializantes” del sistema electoral español
Authors: Riccardi Anna
Published: September 2018

Este trabajo ha querido comprobar la validez de la interpretación “presidencialista” del sistema político-institucional español, hoy en día muy difundida en la cultura jurídica y politológica en España. Para hacer eso, ha sido menester preguntarse si, en factual contraste con lo dispuesto por las normativas formales, se ha producido una metamorfosis tal del papel del Jefe del Gobierno en el País ibérico que pueda implicar una real alteración de los datos constitucionales de la forma de gobierno.La investigación llevada a cabo entrelazando reglas formales y usos materiales lleva a la conclusión que el papel determinante hasta ahora jugado por los partidos políticos españoles, tejiéndose con las reglas básicas de la ordenación institucional, ha neutralizado el impulso a la monocratización incontrolada del Gobierno y ha impedido que la forma de gobierno española se saliera del grupo de los sistemas parlamentarios.
investigación, legado principal de Gustavo Vanegas Torres
Authors: Matias Camargo Sergio Roberto
Published: September 2018

El martes 20 de noviembre de 2007, al finalizar el IV Encuentro de Directivos Académicos de la Universidad Libre, fallecía en Barranquilla Gustavo Vanegas Torres. A diez años de su desaparición, rendimos un merecido homenaje a un pensamiento y una obra que no han muerto; al contrario, continúan vivos, florecientes y en permanente avance cuantitativo y cualitativo.
La relación ética, neurociencias y Derecho
Authors: Martínez John Fitzgerald
Published: September 2018

En el contexto actual de desarrollo de las neurociencias, sus investigaciones y sus resultados, una pregunta radical ha surgido para la ética, la política y el derecho: ¿es posible la libertad? La respuesta a dicha pregunta es hoy en día más compleja, dado que ya no solo se deben abordar las proposiciones deterministas presentadas por teorías de diferentes ciencias incluidas las ciencias sociales y humanas como el evolucionismo de Darwin, los argumentos del psicoanálisis freudiano, e incluso la influencia en el comportamiento de los seres humanos derivada de la “lucha de clases” en términos de Marx (1977); sino, asumir el desarrollo del campo de saber de las neurociencias y su capacidad explicativa de aquello que determina las acciones humanas, en particular se abordan los estudios de Llinás (2003, 2014) y otros estudios publicados sobre el papel que tiene la VMPC (Corteza Prefrontal VentroMedial) en la estructuración del juicio moral. Surgen entonces nuevos retos para defender el fundamento de la autonomía individual, sustentar la posibilidad de elección entre el bien y el mal, así como resolver las aspiraciones normativas del Derecho en relación con la moral, la responsabilidad y el daño. El presente es un artículo de reflexión que da cuenta de dicha problemática y propone responder a esos desafíos desde la idea de libertad política fundamentada en las reflexiones de Arendt (1997 y 2008) y Nussbaum (2014), este último desde su teoría de las emociones políticas y las capacidades humanas. df
Leyes de los Reinos de las Indias
Authors: Mahecha Gloria Andrea , Mazuera Paula
Published: September 2018

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de las Leyes de los Reinos de las Indias: compendio de normas dictadas por los colonizadores españoles después de la conquista, a manera de carta de navegación religiosa, jurídica, económica y moral para los pobladores de las tierras descubiertas que garantizara el control sobre el nuevo territorio, las riquezas y la cultura. Sin embargo, a menudo se constituían en fuente de error, pues los contextos en los que debían implantarse resultaban ajenos a los propios, desconociendo la vida de los indígenas, sus tradiciones, relaciones sociales y la apropiación del territorio. Así, mientras los españoles dictaban desde Castilla normas inverosímiles, de imposible aplicación, sus encomendaderos las distorsionaban, acomodaban y ejecutaban de acuerdo a su conveniencia.

En contraste, la ilustración y más adelante el llamado despotismo ilustrado con la visión europea, inhibía la aplicación de las leyes trayendo ideas revolucionarias que cambiaron la visión teocéntrica del mundo, a una con alejamiento del pensamiento religioso. Si bien en las Américas la influencia del nuevo pensamiento no fue tan impactante, la preocupación por las riquezas llevó a la monarquía a abrir el gobierno colonial a los criollos (españoles nacidos en las nuevas tierras), constituyéndose en una clase en ascenso y marcando un camino para la liberación de las colonias, la conquista de los derechos, la resistencia y la liberación.
proceso constituyente portugués (1974-1976):
Authors: Moreno González Gabriel
Published: September 2018

Este artículo pretende abordar el proceso constituyente y revolucionario portugués que se inicia con la caída de la dictadura salazarista, haciendo especial hincapié en cómo las tensiones que se dan en su seno influyen en la elaboración de su nueva Constitución. Con ello, se intentará aclarar la naturaleza, deficiencias y características identificadoras del proceso, a la luz de la teoría democrática.
apuesta por un reconocimiento constitucional amplio del derecho al trabajo y a la seguridad social en Ecuador
Authors: Guamán Adoración , Llorente Raúl
Published: September 2018

La integración del derecho al trabajo en el constitucionalismo social de posguerra se caracterizó, entre otras cuestiones, por la incorporación de la división del trabajo, diferenciando entre aquél remunerado, integrado en las normas constitucionales y sobre el que se asentó en gran medida el reconocimiento de un amplio conjunto de derechos sociales; y el no remunerado, ausente del reconocimiento constitucional y normativo y condenado a la invisibilización y a ser acumulado sobre el anterior. Esta diferenciación se fundamentó, evidentemente, en la división sexual del trabajo integrada en la conjunción del patriarcado con el sistema capitalista y recogida en las normas del constitucionalismo social de posguerra. Sobre un marco constitucional permeado por esta división sexual del trabajo, el conjunto de normas que han regulado las prestaciones de trabajo asalariado se basó igualmente en esta división. ¿Es posible acometer un reconocimiento constitucional del trabajo no remunerado de cuidados y anudarle derechos? El presente artículo sostiene que sí y mantiene que no solo es posible sino imprescindible y que el reconocimiento debe conllevar el establecimiento de una serie de derechos a las personas que lo realizan. En este sentido, la Constitución de Ecuador demuestra cómo el nuevo constitucionalismo latinoamericano incorporó una concepción amplia del trabajo, reconociendo tanto aquel valorado en términos económicos, remunerado, como aquél no remunerado en la esfera de los cuidados y de la reproducción de la vida. 

            Sin embargo, y el ejemplo de Ecuador en el ámbito del desarrollo normativo del derecho anterior es clave para apuntalar esta hipótesis, que sea posible no implica en absoluto que sea fácil en el plano de la técnica legislativa y que no genere importantes cuestionamientos desde el punto de vista doctrinal
La Constitución Económica: entre la estabilidad y el cambio a la luz de la actualización del modelo económico, social y de desarrollo cubano
Authors: Lorie Tapia Lilisbet
Published: September 2018

El presente trabajo analiza la actualización del modelo económico, social y de desarrollo cubano en correspondencia con lo establecido por la Constitución Económica. Se analiza de igual forma el origen y la conceptualización de los aspectos económicos en el constitucionalismo. Posteriormente, se abordan los preceptos económicos del texto constitucional cubano de 1976 que tuvieron gran influencia socialista, así como el fundamento de la reforma de 1992 que introdujo importantes modificaciones en los artículos de contenido económico del texto. Se destacan las transformaciones que se llevan a cabo en la economía cubana en el marco de su actualización, fundamentalmente la proliferación de la actividad por cuenta propia. Finalmente se realizan consideraciones en cuanto a los aspectos de contenido económico que debe incluir una reforma de la Ley Superior cubana para lograr una correspondencia entre los cambios que se suceden y lo establecido en la Constitución Económica.
Cytotoxicity of Structurally Diverse Anthranoids and Correlation with Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
Authors: Demarque Daniel Pecoraro , Silva Rui Milton Patrício , Santos Leandro Figueiredo , Leopoldino Andréia Machado , Espreafico Enilza Maria , Lopes Norberto Peporine
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this contribution is to evaluate the cytotoxicity and apoptosis inducing ability of structurally diverse anthraquinones to establish a relationship between structure and toxicity. Besides the wide spread use of anthraquinones in pharmacological drugs for constipation and non-prescription dietary supplements for weight loss, extracts are still commercialized as crude extracts and long-term side effects are still relevant. In this work we developed a method to quantify the cascarosides isolated from Rhamnus purshiana (Cascara Sagrada) using LC-MS/MS and evaluated the effects of this extract and isolated compounds on cellular viability using NOK-SI, HeLa, and T98G cell lineages. Apoptosis inducing ability was also analyzed via evaluating key-proteins involved in apoptosis pathways. Using cascarosides isolated from bark extracts, we found that the presence of glucose moieties in the chemical structure reduced the toxicity. This communication reviewed the mechanisms of action, toxicity of anthraquinones and correlated the toxicity with chemical structures of cascarosides. Results indicate that cascarosides-enriched cascara extract, as well as glycosylated anthraquinones, may have some beneficial effects for laxative action of herbal medicines. Considering our results, a cascarosides-enrichment in cascara extract is recommended.
Türkiye’ de Fark Ödemesi Desteklemelerinin Bazı Hububat Ürünlerinin Üretici Kararlarına Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Doğan Hasan Gökhan , Kan Mustafa , Kan Arzu
Published: September 2018

Bu
araştırmada, Türkiye’ de hububat grubu içerisinden seçilmiş buğday, arpa ve
mısır ekiliş alanları üzerinde fark ödemesi desteklerinin etkileri
araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın değişkenleri ekiliş alanları, cari fiyatların bir
gecikmeli değeri ve fark ödemesi destekleridir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre,
arpa ve mısır ekiliş alanları üzerinde fark ödemesi desteklerinin etkili olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Buğday’ da ise istatistiksel olarak böyle bir etki
görülmemiştir. Ancak, cari fiyatlar ile fark ödemesi desteklerinin etkileşimi
ele alınan ürünlerde önemli görülmüştür. Buradan hareketle, fark ödemesi
desteklerinin sürdürülmesi gerektiği söylenebilir. Bu süreklilik sağlanırken,
2000’ li yıllar öncesinde ortaya çıkan desteklerin bütçe yükü, hedef kitleye ulaşamama,
etkinlik vb. hususlar açısında dikkatli olunması gerekmektedir. Politika
yapıcıların ve uygulayıcıların bu yönlü politikaları oluşturulurken, ürün,
bölge, ekonomik yapı, sosyal ve demografik özellikleri dikkate alarak
oluşturması söz konusu kaynakların dağılımı ve etkisi açısından daha verimli
olabileceği söylenebilir.
Kamu Kurum ve Kuruluşlarında Örgütsel Etkililik Sorunu: Teorik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Ak Murat
Published: September 2018

Bir
örgüt için ihtiyaç duyduğu kaynaklar büyük önem taşımaktadır. Çünkü kaynaklar,
örgütler için son derece sınırlı ve pahalıdır. Örgütsel etkililik, kıt ve
pahalı olan kaynakların hangi seviyede iyi kullanılabildiğini açıklamaktadır.
İnsan kaynaklarının yoğun olarak bulunduğu kamu örgütleri için de örgütsel
etkililik büyük önem taşımaktadır. Günümüzün küreselleşen dünyasında örgütsel
etkililik, kamu kurum ve kuruluşları için de önem taşımaktadır. Nitekim
ülkemizde kamu bürokrasisinde örgütsel etkililik, performans gibi kavramlara
artık sıklıkla rastlanmaktadır. Kamuoyunun gündeminde de kamu sektöründeki
örgütsel etkililik ile ilgili sorun tespitlerine sıklıkla rastlanmaktadır. Bu
bağlamda kamuoyunda oluşan algı çoğunlukla olumsuz bir nitelik göstermektedir.
Türk kamu sektöründe örgütsel etkililiğe yeterince önem verilmediği, bu yöndeki
çalışmaların yetersiz olduğu sıklıkla değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmada örgütsel
etkililik kavramına değinildikten sonra kamu kurum ve kuruluşlarındaki örgütsel
etkililik sorunu teorik bağlamda değerlendirilmekte ve çözüm önerilerine yer
verilmektedir.