bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I reference interval for a hospitalized paediatric population under improved selection criteria in the Shandong area
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Wei-Hua , Wang Li-Peng , Wang Na , Dong Sheng-Jie , Ding Yan-Jie , Chen Guo-Zhen , Jiang Hui-Hui , Xin Yu , Sun Cheng-Ming
Published: December 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of plasma troponin I concentration and establish the 99th percentile reference for hs-cTnI in a hospitalized population without a cardiovascular discharge diagnosis from the Shandong area.

Methods

The hs-cTnI data of anonymous paediatric patients were collected from Qingdao University-Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Indirect methods were used to calculate the hs-cTnI 99th percentile reference of the whole population and different age groups. Fitting curves and corresponding equations were displayed to determine the relationship between age and hs-cTnI level using the analysis of covariate variance.

Results

Hs-cTnI plasma levels were highest in the first week of life and declined with age in days. This study found significant differences in the troponin reference intervals for children in different age stratification. The serum hs-cTnI concentration decreased with age in days. In some subgroups, hs-cTnI levels between genders showed a significant difference after the analysis of covariance showed that age was the only predictor of hs-cTnI plasma levels. A non-linear relationship was observed between age and hs-cTnI levels. Thus, curvilinear fitting curve equations for each group were constructed to evaluate the possible relationship between age and hs-cTnI concentration.

Conclusions

During paediatric period, the highest hs-cTnI concentrations were observed in children aged <1 year, especially those under 7 days. This study presented the 99th percentile cut-offs for different age groups in children aged 0–14 years, which can provide a certain reference value for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of myocardial injury in children.
Health Consequences Among COVID-19 Convalescent Patients 30 Months Post-Infection in China
Authors: Yin Yu , Guo Yi , Xiao Mingzhong , Chen Qinlin , Long Pinpin , Wang Xi , Wang Jingzhi , Shao Zuoyu , Qiu Yutong , Lu Yixuan , Yang Yuchan , Shi Xueqin , Ni Wei , Cheng Shanshan , Wang Qi , Liu Li , Wu Tangchun , Li Xiaodong , Wang Hao , Yuan Yu
Published: December 2023

Objective:

The health consequences among COVID-19 convalescent patients 30 months post-infection were described and the potential risk factors were determined.

Methods:

In August 2022 we recruited 217 COVID-19 convalescent patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 in February 2020. These convalescent patients were residents of multiple districts in Wuhan, China. All convalescent patients completed a detailed questionnaire, laboratory testing, a 6-min walk test, a Borg dyspnea scale assessment, lung function testing, and had a chest CT. The potential risk factors for health consequences among COVID-19 convalescent patients 30 months post-infection were identified using a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results:

The majority of convalescent patients were in good overall health and returned to work 30 months post-infection; however, 62.2% of the convalescent patients had long COVID symptoms. The most common symptoms were chest pain, fatigue, and dizziness or headaches. The convalescent patients with severe symptoms had a significantly higher proportion of depression disorder (P = 0.044) and lower health-related quality of life (P = 0.034) compared to the convalescent patients with mild symptoms. Compared to convalescent patients who were not vaccinated, convalescent patients who received three vaccines had significantly less fatigue, lower anxiety and depression scores, and had a better health-related quality of life (all P < 0.05). Older age was associated with a higher risk of long COVID (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.16–2.02) and chest CT abnormalities (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.33–2.36). Female gender was associated with a higher risk of anxiety (OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.24–9.16) and depression disorders (OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.11–5.92). Exercise was associated with a lower risk of anxiety (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.18–0.93). Notably, vaccination protected convalescent patients from developing long COVID symptoms (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.06–0.50), anxiety disorders (OR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.07–0.71), and depression disorders (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.12–0.92).

Conclusions:

The majority of COVID-19 convalescent patients were in good overall health 30 months post-infection and returned to work. More attention should be paid to convalescent patients who are older, female, physically inactive, and not vaccinated.
Conceptual Basis of Local Government Reform in Ukraine and Results of its Implementation
Authors:   tate Organization ", Ermakova Olha ,   Institute of Market and Economic&Ecological Researches of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Shlafman Natalya ,   tate Organization "Institute of Market and Economic&Ecological Researches of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine"
Published: December 2023

The article summarizes and systematizes the theoretical aspects of the formation of local self-government, taking into account the European experience of implementing administrative and territorial reform, outlines the range of problems that arose in the process of decentralization reform in Ukraine during 2015-2021, identifies the positive and negative consequences of local selfgovernment reform in Ukraine. A significant number of communities do not have the resources to perform new functions, the transfer of certain functions to the local level is not always appropriate, there is a need to consider the possibility of "recentralization" of certain powers from the local level to a higher one. The district level of local self-government was almost leveled and it cannot represent the common interests of communities. At the legislative level, there is no clearly defined division of powers between local self-government bodies and executive bodies. This creates a threat of "creeping" centralization of resources, when the government can transfer certain powers to the local level without financial support.
Managing the Functional Stability of Global Maritime Trade
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Stakhov Arsenii
Published: December 2023

Management of the functional stability of global maritime trade is defined as a complex of strategic, organizational and logistical actions aimed at ensuring the efficient and uninterrupted functioning of international maritime services. different transport systems. Ukraine, which can become a key point in the transit of goods through the Black and Azov Seas, is of strategic interest in the thorough management of these processes. One of the main warehouse objectives is the development and promotion of effective risk management strategies. With the attention of the great economic, political and natural minds, it is necessary to recognize the possible risks that could arise in the global maritime trade. On-going systems for monitoring and responding to potential threats make it possible to anticipate a crisis situation and minimize its consequences.
The Effect of Working Capital Turnover, Liquidity, Leverage to Profitability: Food & Beverage Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors:   University of Prima Indonesia, Waroka Endo , Simorangkir Enda Noviyanti ,   University of Prima Indonesia, Ria Ginting Rasinta ,   University of Prima Indonesia, Hutagalung Galumbang ,   University of Prima Indonesia
Published: December 2023

To measure how much success the company has in obtaining a rate of return on profit, it is necessary to conduct financial analysis with profitability ratios. This study aims to examine the effect of working capital turnover, liquidity, and leverage on profitability. This research is focused on Food & Beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2013-2018 with a population of 15 companies. Determination of the number of samples using purposive sampling method, so that a sample of 10 food & beverage companies was obtained. Hypothesis testing is done with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The hypothesis testing method uses a significance level of 5%. Based on the test results and discussion that has been put forward by researchers Working Capital Turnover, Liquidity, and Leverage affect Profitability in Food & Beverage Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2013-2018 period.
The Role of the Enterprise's Price Policy in Modern Conditions
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Kovtunenko Yurii , Hryhorieva Anna ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Probniak Oleksandra ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

This article is dedicated to exploring the role of modern pricing policy in today's realities. It examines the main research and publications of domestic scholars-scientists, characterizes different interpretations of pricing policy, its methods, strategies, principles, and approaches, and defines the main features of a company's pricing policy in modern conditions. Attention is drawn to the significance of pricing strategy for companies in the context of globalization and increased competition in the markets. During the analysis of pricing, it considers contemporary pricing positions, taking into account not only internal management factors but also external influences, such as changes in demand, market conditions, and competitors' strategies. The article identifies the main functions of pricing policy, including profit regulation, market positioning, ensuring competitiveness, and stimulating consumers.
Structural Logic of Economic Analysis in Market and Competition Conditions: Qualitative Metamorphosis and Managerial Pragmatism
Authors:   Western Ukrainian National University, Khorunzhak Nadiya , Portovaras Tetiana ,   Western Ukrainian National University
Published: December 2023

The article proposes a structural and logical model of the place of analysis in the management system of an economic entity, which shows the relationship between analytical information and the effectiveness of management decisions. The study of the main types of economic analysis was conducted and their essence was determined. The types of economic analysis that are often used in the process of conducting analytical studies of the level of management of the enterprise’s activities are defined. The purposes of applying each type of economic analysis in the process of evaluating the results of business entities and their characteristics are substantiated. A set of types of economic analysis is proposed, which allow to form adequate management decisions taking into account the challenges of the market environment.
Factors of Digitalization in the Analytical Activity of the Enterprises
Authors:   Poltava University of Economics and Trade, Kononenko Zhanna , Karnaukhova Ann ,   Poltava University of Economics and Trade
Published: December 2023

The article examines the key elements of digital transformation in the analytical activities of the enterprise, which help to collect, process and analyze data for making more informed decisions. Considers the importance of different data sources, including internal and external, as well as data that enable digital transformation. The authors also emphasize the importance of storing data and processing it with analytical tools, including artificial intelligence and visualization of results. It is noted that digital technologies allow enterprises to work with large volumes of data in real time and provide the opportunity for automated analysis and decision-making. The factors of digitization that affect the analytical activities of enterprises and help them grow and develop are named. The impact of digital transformation on the strategic development of the enterprise is described and the importance of innovations and development based on them is emphasized. The need to adapt the system of analytical work to changes in the economic environment and technological inno vations is outlined. In general, the article offers a general overview of the key aspects of the use of digital transformation in the analytical activities of the enterprise.
Financial and Budgetary Capacity for the Development of Domestic Business Entities
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Levkina Ruslana , Kotko Yana ,   State Biotechnological University
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of business entities and to develop practical recommendations based on the world experience of functioning in the context of transformation of interbudgetary and financial relations. To achieve this goal, the author sets the following tasks: to determine the peculiarities of business entities' activities at the present stage; to summarize the characteristics of business entities' development in the context of transformation of interbudgetary relations; to characterize financial and budgetary relations at the level of a specific business entity, taking into account budgeting as a system; to propose directions for modernization of financial and budgetary relations with a view to harmonizing the interests of business entities and adapting to the tools of program-targeted management. The priority and effective tools for the development of business entities under martial law are as follows: the introduction of a system of state support that allows to start and, in some cases, accelerate the restoration and modernization of the material base. The author proposes directions for improving the budgeting process on the example of a particular enterprise.
Head teacher’s adviser for moral education and interaction with children’s public organizations: evaluating expectations and potential for improving the quality of moral education in Russian sec-ondary schools
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Lavrentieva Olesya Alekseevna , Skrypnikova Ekaterina Mikhailovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Deich Boris Arkadievich ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Lavrentyeva Zoya Ivanovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article examines how introducing the position of head teachers’ advisers on moral education and interaction with children’s public associations influences the quality of moral education in Russian secondary schools. The purpose of the article is to assess expectations, examine practices and reveal the potential for improving the quality of moral education of children and youth determined by advisers’ work. Materials and Methods. The authors conduct a theoretical analysis of the essence of the advisers’ work, their competence and areas of interaction with students and teachers. The analysis is based on: the theory of personality development in the process of moral education, the person-centered approach to moral education, the beliefs that advisers represent children’s interests taking into account their anthropological needs, and the provisions of support and guidance for purposeful moral education. Empirical research methods include a survey of teachers and current advisers on the Google platform, organization of focus groups and reflection of experience. Results. The article reveals teachers expectations about age characteristics of advisers, their competencies and areas of work; teachers’ expectations and advisers’ self-evaluation results have been compared; the positive experience of advisers’ work is presented. The study identifies the degree of advisers’ satisfaction with the process of interaction with students, teachers, parents and leaders of children’s public associations. Difficulties and limitations of advisers’ activities are recorded; contradictions and the potential influence of advisers on improving the quality of moral education of children and youth are analyzed. Conclusions. In general, the study has revealed a positive response from teachers and current advisers to the need to intensify moral educational work and demonstrated the sustainability of the demand for increasing students’ alertness and initiative. The study concludes that the influence of advisers on improving the quality of moral education in secondary schools will be more pronounced in case theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of advisers’ work, their role and functions in educational settings are developed; advisers’ professional competencies are clarified; scientific and methodological support for preparing and professional development of advisers are provided.
‘Constants’ and ‘variables’ of digitalized education
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Letyagin Lev N. , Ignatev Denis Yu. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article examines the problem of informatization of a globalized society. The purpose of the study is to summarize the ideas about the ‘constants’ and ‘variables’ of modern university education as a self–organizing system actively involved in the processes of digitalization. Materials and Methods. In order to achieve the research aim, a thematic review of Russian and international studies on the issues of informatization of a globalized society has been conducted. The study involved a comparison of alternative points of view reflected in the works by B. Readings, P. Cramer, etc. The analysis of existing theories of the information society has been carried out. Results. Reviewing the results of Russian and international studies has shown that the world picture today is structured predominantly by the modern media, while most globalizing trends are becoming less and less manageable. The history of philosophy frequently addresses the problem analysis of such paradigmatic shifts which arise implicitly and take shape in emergence. The article discloses the authors’ understanding of ‘constants’ and ‘variables’ in contemporary university education as a self-organizing system that is rapidly undergoing an intensive process of digitalization. A traditional European university typically demonstrates its ‘aura of age’. The questions are: ‘To what extent is the structure of consciousness influenced by the development of digital resources and by outsourcing the functions of academic word and of individual memory to external digital data media?’; ‘To what degree can production of university knowledge act as an intellectual practice and determine the independence of thinking?’ The problem of establishing the topic of academic engagement and interaction in online formats is considered to be debatable. The authors show that today individuals as subjects of cognitive activities find themselves in a situation where they face value choices, which, in their turn, determine the prospects and the potential of cultural development. Mnemonic operations are to longer perceived as the art of memory. This problem attains special significance during the process of building humanitarian education within the system of electronic communication. One cannot claim categorically that individuals cease to think structurally when they relay the function of storing information to digitized sign systems as a universal resource. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed the authors to conclude that the development of digital technologies as a means of fulfilling social interests means positioning the idea of ‘digital equality’ as the main social asset. This has stimulated establishing cardinally new directions in humanities research. At the same time, the need in relevant and timely connections between the concepts of infogenesis and semiosis is seen today as one of the most current issues in world paradigm problems.
Transformation of the higher education system in the context of digital change: A research review on trends in the development of a post-digital university
Authors:   Abylai Khan Kazakh University of International Relations and Foreign Languages, Ashilova Madina Serikbekovna , Begalinov Alibek Serikbekovich ,   International Information Technology University, Pushkarev Yury Viktorovich ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Begalinova Kalimash Kapsamarovna ,   Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Pushkareva Elena Aleksandrovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

Introduction. This article presents an analysis of a number of academic researches (in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the world) on the future prospects of the higher education system of post-digital university. The article aim is to determine the philosophical aspects of the ongoing changes based on a review of current research on the problem. Materials and Methods. The main methods of the proposed research are the philosophical analysis of academic researches in the field of education, as well as a review of the philosophical literature of 2020-2023 on the trends of the post-digital university. Results. The authors note that currently it put in the first place not the productivity of education, but its social characteristics. In a post-digital university, a radical paradigm shift is needed, the rejection of the standardized, algorithmic structure of the university, its transition to a socially significant, critical, responsible device. The authors show that new technologies, as well as digitalization in education, should not be a goal, but a means. Only then can progress in education and significant social transformations be possible. Conclusions. In conclusion, the authors note that the digitalization of the educational process itself, described in the leading documents on education, will not lead to any results, unless it is accompanied by serious transformations in the content of education.
The Effect of Pilates Exercises Applied to Overweight and Obese Women on Body Composition
Authors: ARGUZ Havva , İRİBALCI Şükran
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of mat pilates exercises applied to sedentary overweight and obese women on body composition. A total of 22 (11 training, 11 control) overweight and obese female individuals aged between 35-65 participated in the study voluntarily. While 45 minutes of mat pilates exercise was applied to the training group 3 days a week for 12 weeks, the control group was not included in any exercise program. Age, height, body weight, waist and hip circumferences of all participants (training + control) participating in the study were determined at the beginning of the study, and waist/hip ratio, body fat percentage (BFP), body fat mass (BFM), body mass index (BMI) were determined by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (Bodystat Quadscan 4000) method, lean body mass (LBM) and lean body mass index (LBMI)were measured and the measurements were repeated at the end of the study. SPSS 22.0 IBM statistical package program was used to evaluate the obtained data. While evaluating the study data, descriptive statistical methods (mean, standard deviation) and independent samples t-test for normally distributed variables and Paired Samples t-test for dependent groups were used. Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test were applied for the variables that did not show normal distribution. Statistical significance level was accepted as 0,05. According to the research findings, when the pre-test-post-test values of the training and control groups were compared, the waist circumference, BFP, BFM and BMI values at the beginning of the study, and at the end of the study A statistically significant difference was determined in favor of the training group in all parameters except mass LBM and LBMI (p
Evaluating the Impact of a 12-Week Yoga Intervention on Cardiac Autonomic Function and Blood Pressure in Young Indian Adults with Primary Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Borah Poli , Elayaraja Masilamani , Ram Jasvir , Pramanik Mou , Minu Tadang , Eichir Likha , Modi Zilpha A , Gogoi Lakshyajit , Govindasamy Karuppasamy
Published: December 2023

Background. Hypertension is a significant health concern in India, particularly among young adults. High blood pressure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and heart disease. One potential approach to managing hypertension is through non-pharmacological interventions, such as Yoga.

Purpose. This randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of a 12-week yoga intervention on cardiac autonomic function and blood pressure in young Indian adults with hypertension.

Methods. A total of sixty-six patients with hypertension (age: 22.4 ± 0.9) were randomly allocated to either the Yoga Program Group (YPG) consisting of (n=33) participants who underwent the 12-week yoga intervention or the Control Group (CG) with (n=33) participants who did not receive any treatment. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention period, measuring heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure.

Results. A two-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant improvements in the YPG for several HRV parameters, including RR interval (p ≤ 0.001), RMSSD (p ≤ 0.001), NN50% (p ≤ 0.001), pNN50% (p ≤ 0.001), and HF (p ≤ 0.001). Additionally, LF (p ≤ 0.001) and LF/HF ratio (p ≤ 0.001) significantly decreased in the intervention group. Blood pressure parameters also demonstrated significant reductions (p ≤ 0.001) in the intervention group when compared to the control group.

Conclusion. The findings of this study suggest that a 12-week yoga program positively impacts cardiac autonomic function and blood pressure in young Indian adults with primary hypertension. These results underscore the potential of Yoga as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension in this demographic.
A Call for Early Detection of Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Kim Faith , Maitre Nathalie ,   Cerebral Palsy Foundation
Published: December 2023

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability across the lifespan, but historically, CP has not been diagnosed before the age of 2 years. Barriers to early diagnosis ranged from lack of available biomarkers, absence of curative treatments, perceived stigma associated with a lifelong diagnosis, and a desire to rule out other diagnoses first. Most importantly, the fundamental question that remained was whether children would benefit from earlier detection and intervention given the paucity of research. However, evidence-based guidelines published in 2017 demonstrated that the General Movements Assessment, the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination, and neuroimaging can be combined with other elements such as a clinical history and standardized motor assessments to provide the highest predictive value for diagnosing CP as early as age 3 months in high-risk newborns. Implementation of these guidelines has been successful in decreasing the age at CP diagnosis, particularly in high-risk infant follow-up clinics with expertise in performing these assessments. Early detection of CP allows for clinical and research opportunities investigating earlier interventions during a critical period of neuroplasticity, with the goal of improving developmental trajectories for children and their families. New guidelines and research are now being developed with a focus on early, targeted interventions that continue to be studied, along with global detection initiatives.
Beyond Coding: Regulations and Policies for Telephone/Audio-only Services
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: December 2023

This article reviews some of the regulations that practices should consider in developing policies and procedures for delivery, documentation, and reporting of telephone or other audio-only evaluation and management (E/M) services. Topics to consider include the following:

Considerations for policy and procedures Securing the privacy of patient health information Preservice preparations for delivery and documentation of telephone services
Relación entre motivación y rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios en la asignatura de inglés
Authors: Muñoz Rocio , Correa Perez Roxana
Published: December 2023

En Chile se ha otorgado importancia al aprendizaje del inglés en la enseñanza superior, y en la mayoría de las universidades se ha incorporado, en los perfiles de egreso, una competencia relacionada con el idioma inglés. Las mediciones actuales según, la escala del Marco Común Europeo indican un logro de nivel A1 o A2 de este idioma. La motivación es reconocida como una variable psicológica multifacética que impacta, entre otros aspectos, en el proceso de aprendizaje de una segunda lengua. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre la variable motivación y rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios en una asignatura de inglés. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional, con un diseño no experimental de carácter transversal. Se aplicó el instrumento Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) de Sandoval Pineda (2011) a una muestra de 53 estudiantes pertenecientes a la carrera de Pedagogía Media en Inglés de una universidad regional en Chile. Los resultados demostraron que la subdimensión de la variable motivación que obtuvo el promedio más alto fue la Orientación Integrada (OINT) (M = 6.712; DE = 0.456). El promedio obtenido por la variable rendimiento académico es M= 5.117 y la desviación estándar DE= 0.917. De acuerdo con la rúbrica de evaluación, el nivel de desempeño de los estudiantes es Good, que se describe como: Student utilizes topic-related vocabulary in an accurate manner for the situation given, aunque los resultados muestran una alta dispersión. En relación con el análisis de la correlación entre las subdimensiones de la variable motivación y rendimiento académico, no se observó una relación significativa (r = 0.072 y un p-valor de 0.610). Algunos de los hallazgos muestran que, los estudiantes reflejaron altos niveles de motivación hacia el aprendizaje del inglés, aunque no se demostró una relación significativa entre la motivación y las calificaciones.
Visuo-motor response of students living in areas of military threat
Authors: Lutskyi Vasyl , Iermakov Sergii , Kryventsova Iryna
Published: December 2023

Background and Study Aim. In the modern fast-changing world, university students face a range of complex situations and challenges that require quick and accurate decision-making. In this context, the motor responses of students are crucial for successful adaptation to contemporary challenges. This is particularly important when students live in areas of military conflict. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the choice reaction and reaction time to visual stimuli through an online simulation test in university students.
Material and Methods. The study involved students from three Ukrainian universities (physical culture faculties). A total of 86 students participated (men – n=38; women – n=48). An online simulation test was used to assess the visuo-motor reaction to visual stimuli. Information about the participants was collected through Google Form. For statistical analysis, the PyCharm CE development environment and various Python programming language libraries were used.
Results. Differences in average visuo-motor reaction metrics were established among students from three universities. According to the test results, 9 men (27 clicks in 30 seconds) and 12 women (about 25 clicks in 30 seconds) were assigned to the first quartile. The best result was shown by students from university 2 (0.737 ± 0.19 ms). The best results by universities: men – university 3 (0.73 ± 0.106 ms); women – university 2 (0.785 ± 0.208 ms). It was determined that variations in time intervals between clicks decrease towards the end of the test.
Conclusions. The impact of the conflict in Ukraine goes beyond direct physical threats, infiltrating the everyday existence of those in the impacted regions, encompassing college students. In such scenarios, prompt physical responses are vital for effectively adjusting to current challenges.
The effect of plant mucilaginous gel polysaccharides on oxidative tolerance and fermentation of dietetic yoghurts
Authors:   Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Engineering, Bursa, Turkey, Ozcan Tulay
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of plant gel polysaccharides extracted from Aloe vera leaf on the fermentation and biotherapeutic properties of functional yoghurts. In this study, Aloe vera gel was used as a potential prebiotic, dietary fiber and stabilizing agent, stevia as a natural sweetener, and mixed probiotic starter (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus) were used as a culture. To evaluate the bio-functional activity of yoghurt, analyses of probiotic bacterial growth, the total phenolic compounds and copper-reducing antioxidant capacity were carried out. While the stabilisation of yoghurt gel was determined by the textural properties, consumer preference was evaluated by sensory hedonic scales. When the phytochemical effect was evaluated, polysaccharides and phenolic compound present in Aloe vera gel supported bacterial growth. In addition, the polysaccharide gel caused the formation of a more firm coagulum in the produced yoghurts. The addition of stevia into yoghurt accelerated fermentation most probably by the potential stimulating effect of steviol glycosides on bacterial growth. The obtained results indicate that Aloe vera gel and stevia have a synergistic effect with bioactive polysaccharides, in the production of healthy foods for special nutritional purposes by improving the properties of the product and modulating the intestinal microbiota.
Changes in texture profile and mineral content of ultrafiltered white cheese produced using different salt concentrations
Authors:   Islamic Azad University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Tehran, Iran, Soltani Mostafa
Published: December 2023

Ultrafiltered (UF) white cheese is one of the most consumed types of cheese and characterized by mild flavour and semi-hard texture. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of salt concentration on the texture profile and mineral contents of this type of cheese. The cheese samples were produced salt free and using 1 %, 2.5 % and 4 % (by mass) of salt (NaCl) and ripened at 9±1 °C for 90 days. The chemical properties and texture profiles of the cheeses were analysed during 90 days of ripening. The mineral content of the cheeses was also determined at the first day of ripening. The results showed that the chemical properties, texture profile and mineral contents of the cheeses were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by changes in salt concentration. Increasing salt concentration caused an increase in the pH, protein and salt to moisture ratio, while there was a decrease in the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of the cheeses. Differences in salt concentration caused changes in the contents of all minerals analysed. In conclusion, increasing concentration of salt provided more soft structure and less calcium and phosphorus contents in UF white cheese.
The effect of body condition score in the transition period on milk, fertility, and health traits of Holstein cows
Authors:   Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro, Dept. Veterinary Science, Torreon, 27054 Mexico, Alvarado Ariadna V.
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between measures of body condition score (BCS) during the transition period and milk yield, reproductive performance, and occurrence of metritis and ketosis in cows. A total of 5026 lactations of 2424 Holstein cows from a single dairy farm were assessed for BCS (5-point scale; 0.25-point increments) 15 days precalving, at calving, and first service. ΔBCS were classed as <0.25, 0.25-0.5, 0.5-0.75, and >0.75 from 15 days precalving to parturition and from calving to first artificial insemination. BCS classes at parturition were <3.5, 3.5-3.75, and >3.75. 305-d milk yield was the highest in cows with BCS change (ΔBCS) <0.25 between 15-d precalving and parturition (11526±1088 kg), and the lowest (10878±1114) in cows with precalving ΔBCS <0.75. The total milk yield was the highest in cows with ΔBCS <0.25 between 15-d precalving and parturition (13861±2541 kg), and lowest (13214±3174) in cows with precalving ΔBCS >0.75. The overall pregnancy rate was least [281/836 (33.6%); p<0.01] for cows that lost >0.75 units of BCS, and greatest for cows that lost <0.25 BCS [477/615 (77.6 %)]. Puerperal metritis occurred more often in cows that lost >0.75 BCS between calving and the first artificial insemination (AI) [175/836 (20.9 %); p<0.01). Cows with reduced BCS loss between calving and first AI were less likely to present metritis [67/615 (10.9 %); p<0.01], whereas cows with ≥ 0.75 BCS loss between calving and first AI were 2.3 times more likely [175/836 (20.9 %)] to suffer metritis. In conclusion, greater changes in BCS between calving and first AI increased 305-d and the total milk yield, and occurrence of puerperal metritis and clinical ketosis, although fertility was reduced.
Strategi Penanganan Hambatan Perilaku serta Emosi pada Anak Hiperaktif dan Tunalaras
Authors: Anggraeni Dini , Putro Khamim Zarkasih
Published: December 2023

Tunalaras dan hiperaktif memiliki makna yang berbeda yaitu anak hiperaktif adalah anak memiliki hasrat untuk meakukan sesuatu dengan intensitas yang berlebih yang biasanya anak hiperaktif tidak bisa diam dan selalu bergerak. Sedangkan anak tunalaras adalah anak yang memiliki kelainan prilaku dan sosial yang berda pada tahap kelaianan yang kronis. Untuk itu diperlukan strategi dalam penanganan anak hiperaktif dan tunalaras. Berdasarkan hal tersebut penulis melakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui strategi penanganan hambatan prilaku serta emosi pada anak hiperaktif  dan tunalaras. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode library research atau yang lebih dikenal studi pustaka. Teknik pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan cara menelaah  jurnal, buku, sumber-sumber data dan informasi lainnya yang relavan dengan kajian. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan anlisis data deskriptif  dengan metode reduksi data dan analisis data serta penarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan  bahwa strategi penanganan anak hiperaktif dengan menggunakan  pendekatan konvensional dan pendekatan trapis ilmiah menjadi salah satu strategi mengurangi atau mengatasi hiperaktif pada anak usia ini. Untuk penangan anak dengan tunalaras terdiri dari pendekatan biomedis,  pendekatan psikodinamik, pendekatan perilaku, pendekatan pendidikan, dan pendekatan perilaku
Peningkatan Keaksaraan pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun melalui Media Gambar di TPQ Al-Aliyah Rengasdengklok Karawang
Authors: Hofifah Dini Aliyatul , Aisyah Dewi Siti , Riana Nancy
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas anak dalam penggunaan media gambar variasi dalam meningkatkan keaksaraan pada anak. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilakukan terhadap anak usia 4-5 tahun di TPQ Al-Aliyah Amansari, Kecamatan Rengasdengklok Kabupaten Karawang Jawa Barat. Terdapat 12 orang anak yang dijadikan subjek. Rata-rata mengalami kesulitan dalam mengenal keaksaraan, dalam hal ini minat baca dan mengenal simbol-simbol huruf. Selayaknya PTK, penelitian ini dilakukan melalui empat tahapan yang meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Penelitian ini berhasil menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis informasi Siklus I, hanya 43,3% anak yang mengenal keaksaraan melalui media gambar variasi. Namun, Siklus II menunjukkan persentase 75%. Hal ini berarti terjadi peningkatan dalam kemampuan keaksaraan anak usia dini melalui media gambar variasi.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Huruf Vokal melalui Media Papan Flanel Pintar Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun
Authors: Chaerani Alipah , Darmiyanti Astuti , Putri Feronica Eka
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal huruf vokal anak melalui media papan flanel pintar pada usia 3-4 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PAUD Plamboyan 3 Karawang dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak delapan orang anak. Hasil observasi awal menunjukkan sebanyak 16,4% atau lima anak belum dapat mengenal huruf vokal. Sisanya 35,5% atau tiga orang anak telah mulai berkembang dalam menunjukkan kemampuan mengenal huruf vokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas dengan observasi serta dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan informasi. Analisa informasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif serta kualitatif. Hasil riset menunjukkan terdapat kenaikan kemampuan mengenal huruf vokal pada siklus I sebesar 56,6% serta siklus II sebesar 82,3% dengan indikator berikut: 1) Mengenal huruf vokal a, i, dan u; 2) Mengenal huruf vokal e dan o; 3) Mengenal jenis bunyi; 4) Mengenal bentuk huruf; 5) mencocokkan huruf vokal; 6) Mengelompokkan huruf vokal; 7) Mengidentifikasi nama; dan 8) Mengidentifikasi urutan huruf vokal.
How to Scaffolding in Online Learning
Authors: Nurjanah Ayu , Ngaisah Nur Cahyati , Awaliyah Tuti , Al Ayyubi Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 outbreak that hit the world has caused learning to experience a change, which is usually face-to-face at school and has changed to online learning at home. Researchers observed the process of online learning in early childhood. Online learning is not an easy thing, many things must be prepared to support effective online learning in early childhood. Providing support (scaffolding) by both teachers and parents to create active, fun and motivating learning for children even though they are at home. This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. The subjects of this study were class teachers and principals of the KB Islamic Kindergarten Al-Azhar 54 Pekanbaru. Data collection methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model triangulation. The results showed that the scaffolding given by teachers and parents in the Islamic Kindergarten Al-Azhar 54 Pekanbaru KB was very effective. Thus, keeping children enthusiastic about carrying out learning even though they are at home.
Adhesive contact between two-dimensional anisotropic elastic bodies
Authors: Duc Nguyen Dinh , Thuong Nguyen Van
Published: December 2023

Adhesion plays a vital role in the design of smart and intelligent high-tech devices such as modern optical, microelectromechanical, and biomedical systems. However, in the literature, adhesive contact is mostly considered for contact of rigid substrates and transversely isotropic and isotropic elastic materials. The composite materials are increasingly used in the mart and intelligent high-tech devices. Since the composite materials are generally anisotropic and contact bodies are all deformable, it is more practical to consider the adhesive contact of two anisotropic elastic materials. In this paper, an adhesive contact model of anisotropic elastic bodies is established, and the closed-form solutions for two-dimensional adhesive contact of two anisotropic elastic bodies are derived. The full-field solutions and the relation for the contact region and applied force are developed using the Stroh complex variable formalism, the analytical continuation method, and concepts of the JKR adhesive model. We will show that the frictionless contact of two anisotropic elastic materials is just a special case of the present contact problem, and its solutions can be obtained by setting the work of adhesion equal to zero. In addition, we also show that our present solutions are valid for the problems of indentation by a rigid punch on an elastic half-space through a proper placement of the contact radius and the corresponding material constant. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the accuracy, applicability, and versatility of the developed solutions.
Kitle İletişim Çalışmalarında Kadın Olgusu: Doktora Tezleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: AYDIN Kadir , GÖRGÜLÜ Yusuf
Published: December 2023

İnsan hakları, tüm bireylerin hiçbir ayrım gözetmeksizin yalnızca insan olmalarından dolayı eşit ve özgür yaşama hakkına sahip olması, cinsiyet, ırk, dil, din ve yaş gibi farklılıklar gözetmeksizin kanun önünde eşittir anlayışını savunmaktadır. Her ne kadar insan hakları evrensel beyannamesinde herkesin eşit olduğu dile getirilse de ve ülkelerin büyük bir çoğunluğu tarafından kabul edilse de geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de özellikle ataerkil yapıya sahip toplumlarda kadın üzerinde erkek egemenliğinin söz konusu olduğu bilinmektedir.
Bu çalışma ile iletişim bilimleri literatüründe Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen ilk beş doktora çalışmasında Peltekoğlu (1988) ve Akgün (1993) kadın haklarının gelişiminin kadın yazar ve gazetecilerin varlığına yani basın aracılığıyla kadın haklarının gelişebileceğine vurgu yaparken, kadının toplumdaki konumunun varlığı ise eğitime bağlı olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir.
Işınbark (1992) ve Kırlar’ın (1994) ise, TV programları ve TV reklamlarının kadın üzerindeki etkilerine odaklanmışlardır. Her iki yazarda TV sektörünün ve reklam piyasasının hayatlarını idame etmesinin ötesinde kadını bir meta olarak görmesi ve kadın üzerinden toplumu yönlendirmesi TV’nin toplum üzerinde önemli bir baskı ve yönlendirici aygıt olduğunu göstermektedir.
Son olarak Yapar (1999) Fransa ve Türkiye’de kadın dergilerini karşılaştırdığı araştırmada, dergilerin geçmişte kadın hakları için mücadele verdikleri ancak sonraları ekonominin öncü konuma gelmesiyle temelinde toplumu tüketime sevk eden erkek egemen bir bakışın olduğu ifade edilmektedir.
Bu çalışmalarda dönemin kitle iletişim araçları aracılığıyla toplumsal gelişme ve kadın çizgisinde reklam-kadın, TV proğramları-kadın ve dergi- kadın gibi ikili ilişkilerin detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konulması ve dönemin etkili kitle iletişim aracı olarak görülen TV’nin yanı sıra gazete ve dergi içeriklerini kadın profilinden aktarması ve dönemin ruhunu yansıtma çabası önemli bir ayrıntı olarak görülmelidir.
Abbâsîlerde Halife Nâsır-Lidînillâh ve Sonrası Fütüvvet Teşkilatı
Authors: SARI CEVELEK Yasemin
Published: December 2023

Sosyal bir müessese olarak fütüvvet, kültür tarihimizin bir parçası olup toplumun önemli dinamiklerinden birini oluşturmaktadır. Fütüvvetin tarihî süreçte geçirdiği gelişim evrelerinin incelenmesi dinî, içtimaî, siyasî ve kültürel hayatımız açısından ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Bu bakımdan fütüvvet teşkilatı, tarihî perspektiften de incelemeyi gerektirmektedir. Gençlik, kahramanlık, cömertlik gibi manalara gelen fütüvvet, Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de genç, kahraman, cömert anlamlarına gelen fetâ kelimesinden türemiş olup İslâm öncesi dönemde Arap toplumu tarafından şecaat, iffet, cömertlik gibi ahlâkî vasıflar için kullanılmaktaydı. O dönemde fütüvvetten bir kurum olarak bahsetmek mümkün değildi. Fütüvvet daha ziyade bireylerin şahsî çabalarıyla sürdürülen ahlâkî vasıflardan ibaretti. İslâmî döneme gelindiğinde özellikle Hulefâ-yi râşidîn zamanında İslâm devletinin sınırlarının İran, Suriye, Mısır ve Kuzey Afrika’ya kadar yayılmasıyla birlikte farklı kültürlerle temasa geçilmesi, sosyal ve siyasî alanlarda pek çok değişikliğe neden olmuştur. Emevîlerin iktidara gelmesiyle birlikte bu değişim daha da hızlanmış, genişleyen topraklarda diğer kültürlerle etkileşimin artması sebebiyle zamanla İslâm toplumunda kaos oluşturacak durumlar ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu durum toplumda fütüvvet telakkisinin doğmasına zemin oluşturmuştur. Fütüvvetin toplumda sosyal bir zümreyi ifade etmek maksadıyla kullanılması ise Abbâsîler döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. Bu çalışmada fütüvvetin kısaca tanımı yapılmış olup fütüvvet teşekküllerine ve tarihî süreçteki seyrine değinilmiştir. Ayrıca fütüvvet oluşumunun Abbâsî halifelerinden Nâsır-Lidînillâh döneminde (575-622/1280-1225) teşkilat haline getirilmesi ve halifeyi buna sevk eden siyasî ve dinî gerekçelerden bahsedilmiştir. Çalışmada asıl olarak ise Halife Nâsır’dan sonra sırasıyla hilafete geçen ve toplamda otuz üç yıl hilafette kalan Zâhir-Biemrillâh (622-623/1225-1226), Müstansır-Billâh (623-640/1226-1242) ve Müsta‘sım-Billâh (642-656/1242-1258) dönemlerinde fütüvvet teşkilatının durumu incelenmiştir.