bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpretation und Synthese der Bauforschungen zwischen 1981 und 2000 am Rollerhof, Münsterplatz 20
Authors: Ritzmann Hans
Published: June 2021

Im Lauf der letzten 20 Jahre wurden im Rollerhof verschiedene Teilbereiche baugeschichtlich untersucht.

Bereits 1981 wurde die spätromanische Giebelmauer des Rollerhofs im Erdgeschoss von der Durchfahrt her untersucht. Die in schönen Lagen erbaute Mauer, die zwei nachträglich eingefügte Rundbogenfenster aus Stuckmörtel aufweist, wurde teilweise sichtbar belassen. Dieses Mauerstück gehört zu einem der ursprünglich zwei Kernbauten, die später zum heutigen Rollerhof zusammengefasst wurden.

Die Entwicklung des Rollerhofs seit dem Spätmittelalter war 1986 an der Hoffassade ablesbar. Die prächtige Aufzugsgaupe ist inschriftlich ins Jahr 1583 datiert.

Im heute durch die Laubengänge mit ihren Balustern barock geprägten Hof konnte an den Mauern auch die Entwicklung der Flügelbauten erkannt werden. Das älteste Element im Hof ist die hintere Hofbegrenzungsmauer, deren Substanz wohl bis in die 2. Hälfte des 13. Jahrhunderts zurückreicht.
Augustinergasse 17
Authors: Jaggi Bernard
Published: June 2021

Die baugeschichtlichen Untersuchungen der Liegenschaft erbrachten den Nachweis einer mittelalterlichen Bebauung der Parzelle mit Steinbauten, welche bereits als verbindliche Vorgabe für die nachfolgenden Neubauten nach dem Erdbeben von 1356 wirksam war.

An der Augustinergasse stand in mittelalterlicher Zeit ein Steinbau unbekannter Grösse, welcher mit 6 m Bautiefe die Parzelle belegte. Am anderen Ende an der Rheinhalde bestand gleichzeitig ein Mauergeviert mit terrassenähnlicher Ausprägung, welches den Unterbau für das spätere Hinterhaus bildete.
Vorbericht über die Grabungen 2000 im Bereich der spätlatènezeitlichen Siedlung Basel-Gasfabrik
Authors: Hecht Yolanda , Rissanen Hannele , Spichtig Norbert
Published: June 2021

Berichte zu den archäologischen Untersuchungen in der Fundstelle «Basel-Gasfabrik» im Jahr 2000.
Frühmittelalterliche Grabfunde im Umkreis des Antikenmuseums in Basel
Authors: Helmig Guido , Ihrig Barbara , Meyer Liselotte , Nicca Martina , Rast Antoinette , Schillinger Franziska
Published: June 2021

Im vorliegenden Fall sind zwei vergleichsweise reich ausgestattete frühmittelalterliche Gräber zum Schluss der grossflächigen Ausgrabungen im Hof des Antikenmuseums quasi im letzten, kaum 2,5 Meter breiten Erdstreifen entdeckt worden.

Die beiden Bestattungen waren nahezu intakt. Beide waren reich mit Beigaben respektive Trachtbestandteilen ausgestattet. Anhand der Begleitfunde konnten die beiden Toten einer nicht romanisierten, germanischen Bevölkerungsgruppe - wohl der damals rechtsrheinisch ansässigen Alamannen - zugeordnet werden. Schmuck und Vierfibeltracht der Frau, aber auch die Waffe sowie ein cloisonnierter Taschenbeschlag aus dem Männergrab weisen die Bestatteten als Angehörige einer gehobenen Bevölkerungsschicht des ausgehenden 5. bzw. frühen 6. Jahrhunderts aus.
Vorbericht über die Grabungen 2002 in der Schnabelgasse 6
Authors: Rodel Sylvia
Published: June 2021

Bei den archäologischen Untersuchungen im Hinterhof der Liegenschaft Schnabelgasse 6 kamen auf kleinster Fläche zahlreiche Befunde zum Vorschein - Zeugnisse einer regen Bautätigkeit, die im Hochmittelalter einsetzte und bis ins 20. Jahrhundert hinein fortdauerte.

Als Überraschung darf die Entdeckung einer Latrine aus dem 12. Jahrhundert bezeichnet werden. Sie gehört, zusammen mit hochmittelalterlichen Mauerteilen des Vorderhauses, zur ältesten nachweisbaren Überbauung auf der Parzelle.
Grabungen und Funde 2002
Authors: Lassau Guido , Braun Ingmar M. , Glaser Catrin , Leuzinger Hans Jürg , Matt Christoph Ph. , Rodel Sylvia , Stegmüller Christian , Stelzle-Hüglin Sophie
Published: June 2021

Berichte zu den archäologischen Untersuchungen der Archäologischen Bodenforschung Basel-Stadt im Jahr 2002.
Ausgrabungen und Funde im Jahr 2003
Authors: Lassau Guido , Hagendorn Andrea , Matt Christoph Philipp , Helmig Guido , Alder Cornelia , Meyer Liselotte , Leuzinger Urs , Spichtig Norbert
Published: June 2021

Berichte zu den archäologischen Untersuchungen der Archäologischen Bodenforschung Basel-Stadt im Jahr 2003.
Common comorbidities in COPD – providing patient-centred care
Authors: Rodman Anne
Published: June 2021

COPD management must incorporate looking for and treating several other conditions. By Anne Rodman
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on breastfeeding mothers
Authors: Menzies Jen
Published: June 2021

Since the Covid-19 pandemic began, there has been a lack of guidance to support breastfeeding mothers. Jen Menzies examines how the crisis has affected women's experiences of breastfeeding in the UK
Video-based parenting interventions
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: June 2021

Can video feedback help improve the behaviour of young children? Dave Hancock reports on a recent study by the University of Cambridge on the programme
Orthopaedic provider perceptions of virtual care
Authors: Yedulla Nikhil R. , Montgomery Zachary A. , Koolmees Dylan S. , Battista Eric B. , Day Charles S.
Published: June 2021

Aims

The purpose of our study was to determine which groups of orthopaedic providers favour virtual care, and analyze overall orthopaedic provider perceptions of virtual care. We hypothesize that providers with less clinical experience will favour virtual care, and that orthopaedic providers overall will show increased preference for virtual care during the COVID-19 pandemic and decreased preference during non-pandemic circumstances.

Methods

An orthopaedic research consortium at an academic medical system developed a survey examining provider perspectives regarding orthopaedic virtual care. Survey items were scored on a 1 to 5 Likert scale (1 = “strongly disagree”, 5 = “strongly agree”) and compared using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test.

Results

Providers with less experience were more likely to recommend virtual care for follow-up visits (3.61 on the Likert scale (SD 0.95) vs 2.90 (SD 1.23); p = 0.006) and feel that virtual care was essential to patient wellbeing (3.98 (SD 0.95) vs 3.00 (SD 1.16); p < 0.001) during the pandemic. Less experienced providers also viewed virtual visits as providing a similar level of care as in-person visits (2.41 (SD 1.02) vs 1.76 (SD 0.87); p = 0.006) and more time-efficient than in-person visits (3.07 (SD 1.19) vs 2.34 (SD 1.14); p = 0.012) in non-pandemic circumstances. During the pandemic, most providers viewed virtual care as effective in providing essential care (83.6%, n = 51) and wanted to schedule patients for virtual care follow-up (82.2%, n = 50); only 10.9% (n = 8) of providers preferred virtual visits in non-pandemic circumstances.

Conclusion

Orthopaedic providers with less clinical experience seem to favourably view virtual care both during the pandemic and under non-pandemic circumstances. Providers in general appear to view virtual care positively during the pandemic but are less accommodating towards it in non-pandemic circumstances. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(6):405–410.
3D Reconstruction Human Body From Anthropometric Measurements Using Diversity Control Oriented Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Nguyen Dat Tien , Hoang Thach Ngoc
Published: June 2021

3D digitalization of the human body has been studied extensively for various applications in anthropology, ergonomics, healthcare, entertainment and fashion industries. There are different methods and approaches to reconstruct the 3D body model namely using RGB cameras, depth cameras, scanning systems or anthropometric measurements of the human body. Generally, most of existing approaches have to tackle issues relating to security of personal data, the impact of the surrounding environment, cost of 3D scanning systems and complication of anthropometric measurements. This study proposes a method using simple body measurements and given body shapes to digitalize the human body. The effectiveness of proposed method is evaluated and demonstrated based on two datasets: a synthetic dataset generated from a parametric model and a real dataset on Vietnamese collected by Viettel Military Industry and Telecoms Group (Vietnam).
The Maasai Intellectual Property Initiative: a 20th-century model for turning assets into income
Authors: Brindle Meg , Florman Natalia
Published: June 2021

The names and images of indigenous people such as the Maasai, Cherokee and Navajo are used to advance the intangible value of thousands of products from cars to shoes and luxury brand clothing across the globe. The Maasai name or image are used on over 1,000 products. This article highlights a decade of work to enable the Maasai tribe of Kenya and Tanzania, of over 2 million tribal people, to receive sustainable income from the use of their name and image by creating a win-win situation. We describe how the Maasai have been organised into a legal entity called the Maasai Intellectual Property Initiative Trust (MIPI), to own and receive income from their Intellectual Property. Secondly, we describe a definitive strategy to enable the Maasai to grant certification to companies and to license approved users. This atypical model of Fair Trade would enable a sustainable source of revenue to the Maasai who live largely in deep poverty. The strategy is not dissimilar, albeit atypical, to what a well-known individual such as Charlie Chaplin or a product such as Coca Cola would do – own, protect and benefit from their iconic brand that adds value. The initiative has implications for other indigenous people who comprise about 6 per cent of the global population.
Hefur umhverfisvitund aukist? Viðhorf Íslendinga til umhverfismála og stóriðju 1987-2017
Authors: Bjarnadóttir Sóllilja , Sæmundsdóttir Inga Rún , Ólafsdóttir Sigrún , Árnason Þorvarður , Jónsdóttir Guðbjörg Andrea
Published: June 2021

Vægi umhverfismála í íslenskri þjóðmálaumræðu hefur aukist á undanförnum áratugum. Fram til þessa hefur ekki verið unnt að kanna með empirískum hætti hvort þessi aukna umræða endurspegli þróun í átt til breyttra viðhorfa á meðal íslensks almennings. Gögn Íslensku kosningarannsóknarinnar (ÍSKOS) sýna skýrar langtíma breytingar í viðhorfum til umhverfismála á síðastliðnum þrjátíu árum (1987-2017). Hér er fjallað um niðurstöður tveggja spurninga úr þeirri könnun sem varða annars vegar viðhorf til þess að aðgerðir í umhverfismálum ættu að hafa forgang fram yfir aðgerðir til að auka hagvöxt og hins vegar viðhorf til þess hvort ríkisstjórnin ætti að leggja mikla eða litla áherslu á orkufreka stóriðju. Í báðum tilvikum sjást hliðstæðar breytingar yfir tíma; hlutfall þeirra sem vilja leggja áherslu á umhverfismál eykst ár frá ári (með einni undantekningu strax eftir Hrunið) samhliða því að hlutfall þeirra sem vilja að ríkisstjórnin leggi mikla áherslu á stóriðju lækkar. Niðurstöður síðustu mælinga (2017) voru þær að 65% svarenda vildu leggja áherslu á umhverfismál fram yfir hagvöxt og 80% vildu að ríkisstjórnin legði litla áherslu á orkufreka stóriðju. Þeir sem styðja vinstri flokka voru líklegri til að leggja áherslu á umhverfismál á meðan stuðningsfólk hægri flokka var líklegra til að leggja áherslu á stóriðju.
Nýjar hæfniskröfur til stjórnenda ríkisstofnana
Authors: Guðmundsdóttir Árelía Eydís , Jónsson Sólmundur Már
Published: June 2021

Þessi rannsókn bætir við þekkingu á leiðtogum opinberra skipulagsheilda með því að skoða áhrif nýrrar stjórnunarstefnu. Ný stjórnunarstefna ríkisins var sett fram sumarið 2019. Í henni eru kynntir þeir hæfnisþættir sem liggja til grundvallar forystu hjá hinu opinbera á Íslandi. Í þessari rannsókn er fjallað um stjórnunarstefnuna, forsendur hennar og innihald til að svara þeirri spurningu hvort hún endurspegli starf stjórnenda hjá ríkinu. Einnig er skoðað hvort nýliðar í starfi stjórnenda fái þá þjálfun sem þeir telja sig þurfa til að geta sinnt starfi sínu miðað við hæfnisþættina er tilgreindir eru í stjórnunarstefnunni. Notast var við eigindlega rannsóknaraðferð og tekin djúp viðtöl við tíu nýráðna æðstu stjórnendur hjá ríkisstofnunum. Niðurstöður gefa til kynna að stjórnendum finnst stjórnendastefnan endurspegla starf þeirra. Hins vegar er nýliðaþjálfun ábótavant og er því munur á stefnunni og hvernig henni er fylgt eftir, en vegna kórónuveirunnar sem barst til Íslands í febrúar 2020 hefur starfsumhverfi stjórnenda breyst. Praktískt gildi rannsóknarinnar felst í því að varpa ljósi á raunveruleg viðfangsefni leiðtoga opinberra stofnanna.
Compact devices for generating multi-focus autofocusing optical beams in free space
Authors: Liu Zhibin , Chen Yujie , Lin Shuqing , Wen Yuanhui
Published: June 2021

We introduce a new type of optical beam that can autofocus multiple times in free space, namely, a multi-focus autofocusing optical beam. Based on the superposed caustic method, we design and construct one-dimensional autofocusing optical beams by tailoring and overlapping two paraxial accelerating optical beams. The two accelerating optical beams are shaped in cosine trajectories symmetrically, thus enabling an on-axis multi-focus property. Furthermore, we fabricate compact devices utilizing diffractive optical elements on a quartz plate patterning the required phase for generations of three-focus and four-focus autofocusing optical beams in free space. We expect that this work may bring autofocusing optical beams further potential applications in particle transporting, material processing, and lithography technology.
All-dielectric perfect absorber based on quadrupole modes
Authors: Xu Rongyang , Takahara Junichi
Published: June 2021

In principle, the absorbance of a free-standing ultra-thin film is limited to 50%. To overcome this limitation, an all-dielectric perfect absorber is proposed herein based on the concept of degenerate critical coupling (DCC) of quadrupole modes. We study the absorbance of a dielectric elliptic cylinder and find that perfect absorption can be achieved by spectrally overlapping peaks of electric and magnetic quadrupole modes. This suggests that the DCC method can be extended to the quadrupole modes beyond dipole modes. Such an all-dielectric perfect absorber can be used in photodetectors, optical filters, and optical modulators mediated by the photothermal effect.
Human immune response against salivary antigens of Simulium damnosum s.l.: A new epidemiological marker for exposure to blackfly bites in onchocerciasis endemic areas
Authors: Willen Laura , Basáñez Maria-Gloria , Dvorak Vit , Veriegh Francis B. D. , Aboagye Frank T. , Idun Bright , Osman Maha Elhadi , Osei-Atweneboana Mike Y. , Courtenay Orin , Volf Petr
Published: June 2021

Background

Simulium damnosum sensu lato (s.l.) blackflies transmit Onchocerca volvulus, a filarial nematode that causes human onchocerciasis. Human landing catches (HLCs) is currently the sole method used to estimate blackfly biting rates but is labour-intensive and questionable on ethical grounds. A potential alternative is to measure host antibodies to vector saliva deposited during bloodfeeding. In this study, immunoassays to quantify human antibody responses to S. damnosum s.l. saliva were developed, and the salivary proteome of S. damnosum s.l. was investigated.

Methodology/Principal findings

Blood samples from people living in onchocerciasis-endemic areas in Ghana were collected during the wet season; samples from people living in Accra, a blackfly-free area, were considered negative controls and compared to samples from blackfly-free locations in Sudan. Blackflies were collected by HLCs and dissected to extract their salivary glands. An ELISA measuring anti-S. damnosum s.l. salivary IgG and IgM was optimized and used to quantify the humoral immune response of 958 individuals. Both immunoassays differentiated negative controls from endemic participants. Salivary proteins were separated by gel-electrophoresis, and antigenic proteins visualized by immunoblot. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was performed to characterize the proteome of S. damnosum s.l. salivary glands. Several antigenic proteins were recognized, with the major ones located around 15 and 40 kDa. LC–MS/MS identified the presence of antigen 5-related protein, apyrase/nucleotidase, and hyaluronidase.

Conclusions/Significance

This study validated for the first time human immunoassays that quantify humoral immune responses as potential markers of exposure to blackfly bites. These assays have the potential to facilitate understanding patterns of exposure as well as evaluating the impact of vector control on biting rates. Future studies need to investigate seasonal fluctuations of these antibody responses, potential cross-reactions with other bloodsucking arthropods, and thoroughly identify the most immunogenic proteins.
Kinetin mitigates Cd-induced damagesto growth, photosynthesis and PS II photochemistry of Trigonella seedlings by up-regulating ascorbate-glutathione cycle
Authors: Bashri Gausiya , Singh Shikha , Prasad Sheo Mohan , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Usmani Salma , Alfarraj Saleh , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Brestic Marian
Published: June 2021

Cytokinins (CKs) plays a key role in plant adaptation over a range of different stress conditions. Here, we analyze the effects of a cytokinin (i.e., kinetin, KN) on the growth, photosynthesis (rate of O2 evolution), PS II photochemistry and AsA–GSH cycle in Trigonella seedlings grown under cadmium (Cd) stress. Trigonella seeds were sown in soil amended with 0, 3 and 9 mg Cd kg-1 soil, and after 15 days resultant seedlings were sprayed with three doses of KN, i.e.,10 μM (low, KNL), 50 μM (medium, KNM) and 100 μM (high, KNH); subsequent experiments were performed after 15 days of KN application, i.e., 30 days after sowing. Cadmium toxicity induced oxidative damage as shown by decreased seedling growth and photosynthetic pigment production (Chl a, Chl b and Car), rates of O2-evolution, and photochemistry of PS II of Trigonella seedlings, all accompanied by an increase in H2O2 accumulation. Supplementation with doses of KN at KNL and KNM significantly improved the growth and photosynthetic activity by reducing H2O2 accumulation through the up-regulation AsA–GSH cycle. Notably, KNL and KNM doses stimulated the rate of enzyme activities of APX, GR and DHAR, involved in the AsA–GSH cycle thereby efficiently regulates the level of AsA and GSH in Trigonella grown under Cd stress. The study concludes that KN can mitigate the damaging effects of Cd stress on plant growth by maintaining the redox status (>ratios: AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG) of cells through the regulation of AsA-GSH cycle at 10 and 50 μM KN under Cd stress conditions. At 100 μM KN, the down-regulation of AsA-GSH cycle did not support the growth and PS II activity of the test seedlings.
Therapeutic delivery of siRNA with polymeric carriers to down-regulate STAT5A expression in high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL)
Authors: Mohseni Mahsa , Kucharski Cezary , K. C. Remant Bahadur , Nasrullah Mohammad , Jiang Xiaoyan , Uludağ Hasan , Brandwein Joseph
Published: June 2021

Overexpression and persistent activation of STAT5 play an important role in the development and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common pediatric cancer. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated downregulation of STAT5 represents a promising therapeutic approach for ALL to overcome the limitations of current treatment modalities such as high relapse rates and poor prognosis. However, to effectively transport siRNA molecules to target cells, development of potent carriers is of utmost importance to surpass hurdles of delivery. In this study, we investigated the use of lipopolymers as non-viral delivery systems derived from low molecular weight polyethylenimines (PEI) substituted with lauric acid (Lau), linoleic acid (LA) and stearic acid (StA) to deliver siRNA molecules to ALL cell lines and primary samples. Among the lipid-substituted polymers explored, Lau- and LA-substituted PEI displayed excellent siRNA delivery to SUP-B15 and RS4;11 cells. STAT5A gene expression was downregulated (36–92%) in SUP-B15 and (32%) in RS4;11 cells using the polymeric delivery systems, which consequently reduced cell growth and inhibited the formation of colonies in ALL cells. With regard to ALL primary cells, siRNA-mediated STAT5A gene silencing was observed in four of eight patient cells using our leading polymeric delivery system, 1.2PEI-Lau8, accompanied by the significant reduction in colony formation in three of eight patients. In both BCR-ABL positive and negative groups, three of five patients demonstrated marked cell growth inhibition in both MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays using 1.2PEI-Lau8/siRNA complexes in comparison with their control siRNA groups. Three patient samples did not show any positive results with our delivery systems. Differential therapeutic responses to siRNA therapy observed in different patients could result from variable genetic profiles and patient-to-patient variability in delivery. This study supports the potential of siRNA therapy and the designed lipopolymers as a delivery system in ALL therapy.
Spatiotemporal characteristics and impact mechanism of high-quality development of cultural tourism in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration
Authors: Shi Zhangyu , Xu Dehong , Xu Lidi
Published: June 2021

The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is the leading and demonstration area for the high-quality development of culture tourism (HDCT) in China. It is of great significance to study the spatiotemporal characteristics and impact mechanism of the HDCT for revealing the internal law of HDCT and promoting the collaborative innovation of culture tourism among cities. Based on the scientific construction of the evaluation system of HDCT, this paper made a quantitative analysis of 26 cities’ HDCT by using coupling coordination degree model, Lisa spatiotemporal transition and spatial Durbin model (SDM). The results show that: The overall level of 26 cities’ HDCT shows a fluctuating upward trend, and presents a "Z" pattern in space. More than 80% of the cities are at the medium and high level. Shanghai has obvious advantages in the primacy degree. There is a significant positive spatial autocorrelation among cities with high-quality of culture tourism development. The spatial clustering and proximity of the same kind are increasing, and the radiation effect is gradually obvious. The local spatial association patterns are mainly HH and LL agglomeration, and the characteristics of polarization are gradually prominent. The local spatial correlation structure of HDCT has strong stability, the transfer inertia between types is prominent, and the overall spatial evolution is lack of integration with obvious path dependence and lock-in effect. The spatiotemporal evolution of the HDCT is a complex process under the interaction of multiple factors, and there is a significant spatial spillover effect (0.256). The level of economic development, technological innovation, professional talent allocation are the three main factors. According to the dominant factor, it can be divided into economy stabilizing type, industry optimizing type, innovation driving type and traffic impacting type. These findings have implications for local governments and tourism management departments to achieve high-quality innovative development of cultural tourism.
Efficiency-fairness trade-offs in evacuation management of urban floods: The effects of the shelter capacity and zone prioritization
Authors: Oh Woi Sok , Yu David J. , Muneepeerakul Rachata
Published: June 2021

With increasing flood risk, evacuation has become an important research topic in urban flood management. Urban flood evacuation is a complex problem due to i) the complex interactions among several components within a city and ii) the need to consider multiple, often competing, dimensions/objectives in evacuation analysis. In this study, we focused on the interplay between two such objectives: efficiency and fairness. We captured the evacuation process in a conceptual agent-based model (ABM), which was analyzed under different hard infrastructure and institutional arrangement conditions, namely, various shelter capacity distributions as a hard infrastructure property and simultaneous/staged evacuation as an institutional arrangement. Efficiency was measured as the time it takes for a person to evacuate to safety. Fairness was defined by how equally residents suffered from floods, and the level of suffering depended on the perceived risk and evacuation time. Our findings suggested that efficiency is more sensitive to the shelter capacity distribution, while fairness changes more notably according to the evacuation priority assigned to the divided zones in staged evacuation. Simultaneous evacuation generally tended to be more efficient but unfairer than staged evacuation. The efficiency-fairness trade-off was captured by Pareto-optimal strategies, among which uniform capacity cases led to a higher efficiency while prioritizing high-risk residents increases fairness. Strategies balancing efficiency and fairness featured a uniform capacity and prioritized high-risk residents at an intermediate time delay. These findings more clearly exposed the interactions between different factors and could be adopted as benchmarks to inform more complicated evacuation ABMs.
The early COVID-19 pandemic and democratic attitudes
Authors: Lupu Noam , Zechmeister Elizabeth J.
Published: June 2021

How does a public health crisis like a global pandemic affect political opinions in fragile democratic contexts? Research in political science suggests several possible public reactions to crisis, from retrospective anti-incumbency to rally ‘round the flag effects to democratic erosion and authoritarianism. Which of these obtains depends on the nature of the crisis. We examine whether and how the onset of the global pandemic shifted public opinion toward the president, elections, and democracy in Haiti. We embedded two experiments in a phone survey administered to a nationally representative sample of Haitians in April-June 2020. We find that the early pandemic boosted presidential approval and intentions to vote for the incumbent president, consistent with a rally effect. These results show that a rally effect occurs even in the most unlikely of places–an unstable context in which the incumbent president is struggling to maintain order and support. At the same time, we find scant evidence that the onset of the pandemic eroded democratic attitudes, even in a context in which democracy rests on uncertain grounds.
Artificial intelligence-based endoscopic diagnosis of colorectal polyps using residual networks
Authors: Komeda Yoriaki , Handa Hisashi , Matsui Ryoma , Hatori Shohei , Yamamoto Riku , Sakurai Toshiharu , Takenaka Mamoru , Hagiwara Satoru , Nishida Naoshi , Kashida Hiroshi , Watanabe Tomohiro , Kudo Masatoshi
Published: June 2021

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used for artificial intelligence (AI)-based image classification. Residual network (ResNet) is a new technology that facilitates the accuracy of image classification by CNN-based AI. In this study, we developed a novel AI model combined with ResNet to diagnose colorectal polyps. In total, 127,610 images consisting of 62,510 images with adenomatous polyps, 30,443 with non-adenomatous hyperplastic polyps, and 34,657 with healthy colorectal normal mucosa were subjected to deep learning after annotation. Each validation process was performed using 12,761 stored images of colorectal polyps by a 10-fold cross validation. The efficacy of the ResNet system was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy for adenomatous polyps at WLIs were 98.8%, 94.3%, 90.5%, 87.4%, and 92.8%, respectively. Similar results were obtained for adenomatous polyps at narrow-band imagings (NBIs) and chromoendoscopy images (CEIs) (NBIs vs. CEIs: sensitivity, 94.9% vs. 98.2%; specificity, 93.9% vs. 85.8%; PPV, 92.5% vs. 81.7%; NPV, 93.5% vs. 99.9%; and overall accuracy, 91.5% vs. 90.1%). The ResNet model is a powerful tool that can be used for AI-based accurate diagnosis of colorectal polyps.
‘Antigone’, ‘Medea’, ‘Ariadne’, ‘Semele’ and ‘Jocasta’
Authors: Spinosa Dani
Published: June 2021

These pieces are from my porn myth series: ‘Antigone’, ‘Hestia’ and ‘Medea’ were first published in a pamphlet from Happy Monks Press, and ‘Ariadne’ and ‘Semele’ were created for the Concrete Is Porous second gallery show.
From ‘commercial sell out’ to community-based event: The paradoxes of Polish punk rock music festivals
Authors: Kuligowski Waldemar
Published: June 2021

This article is based on both ethnographic field research and the author’s many years of experience as a punk fan. The researcher-participant analyses the 40-year history of two Polish music festivals in order to trace the complex trajectory and changing meaning of the punk subculture in Poland. The analysis is centred on two significant events: the Jarocin Rock Festival and the Rock on the Swamp Festival. The author suggests that the countercultural past of punk, rooted in the 1980s, is now being sentimentalized and commercialized. It is treated by conservative local authorities as an insignificant monument of the past. On the other hand, punk has become an agent of important and surprising social changes. A small festival in a provincial town is inclusive for its inhabitants, integrating two very different communities. Thanks to this, the notion of ‘selling out’ is contrasted in the form of a punk-inspired, community-based event.
Anni Albers, Ann Coxon, Briony Fer and Maria Müller-Schareck (eds) (2018)
Authors: Bothe Lauren
Published: June 2021

Review of: Anni Albers, Ann Coxon, Briony Fer and Maria Müller-Schareck (eds) (2018)

London: Yale University Press in association with Tate Publishing, 192 pp., 190 colour illus.,

ISBN 978-0-30023-725-2, h/bk, £38.27/$50.00
Helyzetjelentés a vállalkozások digitális átalakulásáról kelet-középeurópai környezetben = Progress report on the digital transformation of enterprises in the Central and Eastern European environment
Authors: Nagy Balázs
Published: June 2021

A pandémia időszakában felgyorsuló digitális átalakulás jelenkorunk egyik meghatározó jelensége. A tanulmány több indikátor segítségével mutatja be a hazai digitalizációs folyamat állapotát nemzetközi környezetben. A digitális eszközökkel való ellátottság területén Magyarország kedvező helyzetben van, azonban a digitális tudás területén, valamint a vállalkozások üzleti agilitása vonatkozásában lemaradás tapasztalható. Összességében ezeken a területeken történő előrelépés szükséges lenne a nemzeti versenyképességünk fokozása érdekében. = The accelerating digital transformation during the pandemic is one of the decisive phenomena of our time. The study uses several indicators to present the state of the Hungarian digitization process in an international environment. Hungary is in a favourable position with regard to digital equipment, but there is a lag in the field of digital knowledge and the business agility of enterprises. Overall, progress in these areas would be necessary to increase our national competitiveness.
Tőkeáttételi ciklus vizsgálata a Nagy Recesszióban: Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok gazdaságában végbemenő hitelciklus felépülésének empirikus vizsgálata = Leverage cycle in the Great Recession: An empirical study of the credit cycle in the United States
Authors: Flór Nándor László , Sebestyén Géza
Published: June 2021

Jelen cikk egyes makrogazdasági változók hatását vizsgálja a tőkeáttételi ciklus felépülésében az Amerikai Egyesült Államok gazdaságában 1990 és 2015 között. A tőkeáttétel –ahogyan azt a Nagy Recesszió is bebizonyította –sérülékennyé teszi a gazdaságot, amiszélsőséges esetben katasztrófához vezet. A tőkeáttétel a gazdaság egészéhez hasonlóan ciklikusan alakul, ezért ahitelállomány felépülésénekmegértése kritikus.A hitelezésre ható tényezők és más kutatások eredményeinek összefoglalását követően acikkkísérletet tesz arra, hogygazdaságiszektorok szintjén vizsgálja meg,mely változók játszanak fontos szerepet ajelenség mögött.A vizsgálatok elvégzéséhez a szerzők a többváltozós lineáris módszert választottákannak kiderítésére, mennyire mutat egységes képet a gazdaságon belül a tőkeáttétel felépülése.Az elemzés nem terjedki a háztartási hitelezésre, kizárólag a nagyvállalati szegmens folyamataira koncentrál. A szerzők arra amegállapításajutottak, hogy megéri a makrogazdasági változókszerepét iparági szinten vizsgálni, mivel az egyes szektorok esetében eltérő változókbizonyultak szignifikánsnakaz empirikus vizsgálatokalapján. = This article examines the impact of macroeconomic variables over the leverage cycle in the US economy between 1990 and 2015. Leverage –as demonstrated by the Great Recession –makes the whole economy vulnerable, leading to a catastrophe in extreme cases. As in the case of the economy as a whole, leverage is cyclical, so understanding the recovery of the loan portfolio is crucial. After summarizing the results of factors affecting lending and other researches, the article attempts to investigate at the level of economic sectors, which variables play key roles behind this phenomenon. To carry out the examinations, the authors chose the multivariate linear method to find out the general characteristics of the leverage cycle within the economy. The analysis does not include the household lending activity, it concentrates solely on the processes of the large corporate segment. The authors have come to the conclusion that it is worth considering the role of macroeconomic variables at industry level as different variables have proved to be significant on the basis of empirical studies.
Does morality save the people of today? The economic theoretical traditions of liberalism, particularly from the perspective of an ethical foundation
Authors: Bősz Anett
Published: June 2021

Ethics has always been playing a great role in the theoretical traditions of liberalism. The paper is trying to find the answer for the question if morality could save the people of today. Starting from the ancient philosophers and the authors of the era of Enlightenment, the classics of moral philosophy, following with the thinkers of the 19th and 20th century, liberalism has only been able to formulate meaningful proposals capable of bringing about social progress when it was centred around morality and virtue. Many scholars today claim that liberalism failed but this study argues for a historical turning point when liberalism can be renewed and returned to its classic values. The study analyses the ordo-liberal era with its Kantian tradition that helped ordo-liberal theorists in implementing liberal values in practice. According to the statement of this paper, an appropriate education system, good governance and fair public incentives are essential for opening a new page of liberal history. The study contains an educational case study and principles of social organisation that can help to reach the desired result for a well-working liberal state and governance. The author of this treatise has never gave up the hope that the constitution should be written for good citizens but she calls for strong ethical basements of the education and legal system that can help the society to return to the “old true”.
Az integráció gazdaságtanának új szintézise
Authors: Kengyel Ákos
Published: June 2021

Halmai Péter: Mélyintegráció. A Gazdasági és Monetáris Unió ökonómiája. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 2020, 540 oldal Halmai Péter új könyvében a legkorszerűbb közgazdaság-tudományi megközelítések, közöttük az integráció gazdaságtanával foglalkozó kutatások legújabb eredményeinek felhasználásával a gazdasági integráció elméletének és folyamatának mély és átfogó vizsgálatára vállalkozott. A kötet legfőbb újdonságát az elmúlt évtized világgazdasági és európai folyamatainak elemzése alapján kikristályosodott új fogalmi keretek felhasználása és az ezek alapján felállított „mélyintegráció” paradigmájának megfogalmazása adja. Az elemzéseket a nemzetközi szakirodalom lenyűgözően széleskörű áttekintése és feldolgozása alapozza meg. (...)
The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative Economics
Authors: Barkóczi Fanni
Published: June 2021

A whole brand-new concept was made in Comparative Economics this year and luckily we had the opportunity to get to know the unique point of views in a newly published book The Palgrave Handbook of Comparative Economics by Elodie Douarin. Corvinus University of Budapest had a chance to discuss this exciting new approach with the most prestigious professors in Comparative Economics. Elodie Douarin from the College of London, Gerard Roland from Berkeley and Bruno Dallago from Trento helped us to understand the new theory. In the Corvinus side, Zoltán Ádám, András Székely-Doby and Judit Kálmán professors participated in the discussion. The moderator was Miklós Rosta, Head of Comparative and Institutional Economics Department.
Tegyük helyére a globális kormányzást
Authors: Zsámár Klaudia
Published: June 2021

Dani Rodrik (2020): Putting Global Governance in Its Place The World Bank Research Observer, Volume 35, Issue 1, February 2020, Pages 1–18. Dani Rodrik a The World Bank Research Observer 2020. februári számában megjelent tanulmányában egy olyan lehetséges globális kormányzási modellt vázol fel, melynek alapja a demokratikus államok működésének elősegítése. A szerző amellett érvel, hogy a világgazdaságban lévő politikai kudarcok nem a nemzetközi együttműködés hiánya miatt következnek be, sokkal inkább a nemzeti kormányzás hibáiból fakadnak.
MENTAL ILLNESS: AN INVISIBLE TRAUMA
Authors: Khanam Sofia
Published: June 2021

Mental disease, often known as mental health problems, encompasses a broad variety of disorders that impact your emotions, thought, and behavior. Depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders, and addictive behaviors are all examples of mental illness. Many people suffer from mental health issues from time totime. When persistent indications and symptoms create regular stress and impair your capacity to operate, a mental health problem becomes a mental disease.Mental illness can make you unhappy and cause issues in your everyday life, such as in school, work, or in your relationships. Symptoms may usually be controlled with a combination of medicines and talk therapy (psychotherapy). Mental illness has no age, gender, geography, money, social position, race/ethnicity, religion/spirituality, sexual orientation, background, or other element of cultural identification; it can afflict anybody. While mental illness can strike at any age, 3/4 of all cases begin before the age of 24.
Catadores de materiais recicláveis e a Covid 19: impactos no trabalho diante da pandemia
Authors: Bastos Valéria
Published: June 2021

Este texto é produto de análises realizadas a partir da agudização das mazelas sociais produzidas pela pandemia de COVID 19, que descortinou inúmeras expressões da questão social no Brasil já vivenciada por milhões de trabalhadores formais e informais a partir da perda de direitos sociais agravada com o advento da crise sanitária. O recorte analítico voltou-se para área socioambiental, especificamente para analisar os impactos da pandemia no trabalho dos catadores de materiais recicláveis no país. Segmento que vem perdendo espaço na pauta pública em razão do descaso governamental e da doença no mundo, acabou também perdendo postos de trabalho em função da natureza da atividade, em que a contaminação pelo Novo Coronavírus é efetiva. Tomando-se por base dados empíricos, pretendeu-se apontar velhos e novos desafios enfrentados por essa população, sobretudo na pandemia, a partir do sub-bairro de Jardim Gramacho, que abrigou por mais de três décadas o maior lixão da América Latina.
INVESTIGATING WATER SECURITY IN CAMEROON: CASE OF MUTENGENE, SW REGION
Authors: Ivan AMUNGWA , ZANKE TABIKAM and , TEM Norman
Published: June 2021

Water plays an instrumental role in the development of any community or society, unfortunately achieving household water security in many regions of the world, especially in Sub-saharan Africa and particularly Cameroon, is of global concern. This study thoroughly examines factors affecting water security within the Mutengene Community Water System and proposes sustainable alternatives to ensuring water security amongst imminent changes. Data was obtained through the use of interviews and semi-structured questionnaires on households, field and Laboratory analyses were carried out on collected water samples.
Tecnología con propósito para una ciudadanía global
Authors: Ibáñez Augusto
Published: June 2021

Las tecnologías digitales ofrecen nuevas posibilidades para representar, procesar, transmitir y compartir información, y también hacen posible nuevas formas de intervención pedagógica que pueden contribuir al desarrollo del perfil competencial de la ciudadanía global.
Sfery oraz mechanizmy generowania zjawisk i procesów politycznych
Authors: Blok Zbigniew
Published: June 2021

Autor zakłada, iż skoro politologia nie legitymuje się własną tożsamością przedmiotową, jak i metodologiczną, to badacze są każdorazowo zmuszeni do zdefiniowania przedmiotu swych badań oraz zadeklarowania przyjętych założeń metodologicznych. Pole polityki nie jest polem jednorodnym, co oznacza, iż wypełnione jest różnorodnymi bytami ontologicznymi. Polityka może zatem przyjąć postać metody działania, swoistego instrumentu, może mieć wymiar realny bądź mityczny, może być obiektem dającym się obserwować, jak i nie poddającym się temu procesowi. W artykule poddano analizie najważniejsze typy aktywności społecznych, które decydują o warunkach egzystencji całych społeczeństw. Starano się też wskazać na sfery i mechanizmy, które nadają tym zjawiskom i procesom charakteru politycznego. Według autora „polityczności” należy poszukiwać w relacjach, jakie zachodzą pomiędzy różnymi typami aktywności społecznej. Przyjęcie czterech typów aktywności oznacza, że możemy wyróżnić 4 płaszczyzny kreowania zjawisk i procesów politycznych:

– pole pierwszego stopnia, które stwarza każdy typ aktywności decydującej o egzystencji społeczeństwa;

– pole drugiego stopnia, które tworzą przekroje dwupłaszczyznowe, np. społeczeństwo gospodarujące i państwowe, czy społeczeństwo państwowe i ideowe itd.;

– pole trzeciego stopnia, wyznaczone przez przekroje trzech rodzajów społeczeństw, np. gospodarującego, państwowego i ideowego;

– i wreszcie pole „jądra polityki”, które jest przekrojem czterech typów aktywności i stąd jego najważniejsza rola w kreowaniu zjawisk i procesów politycznych oraz w wyjaśnianiu polityki.

Przeciwstawną pozycję względem „jądra” zajmują „marginalia polityki”, które w sprzyjających okolicznościach, w odpowiednim miejscu i czasie mogą nabrać politycznego znaczenia i mogą wykreować odrębne pole.
Deprecjacja kobiet w uwarunkowanych stereotypowo wypowiedziach mężczyzn w polskich dyskursach politycznych w latach 2016–2017
Authors: Osiński Sebastian
Published: June 2021

Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie językowych sposobów jawnej deprecjacji kobiet przez polskich polityków i publicystów w kontekście wypowiedzi wymierzonych przeciwko zaostrzeniu przepisów o aborcji. Osoby sprzeciwiające się zmianom w tej ustawie zdecydowały się na organizację manifestacji ulicznych, nazwanych „czarnymi protestami”. Zdecydowaną większość manifestantów stanowiły kobiety. Seksualność człowieka postrzegana jest między innymi przez pryzmat kultury, w której stereotyp odgrywa dominującą rolę. W polskim dyskursie publicznym kobieta jest obrazowana przede wszystkim w oparciu o dwa stereotypy: matki i feministki. Stały się one podstawą metodologicznej konstrukcji tego artykułu. Analizie zostały poddane wypowiedzi odnoszące się do wartościowania poglądów i postaw kobiet biorących udział w akcjach protestacyjnych. Z badanych tekstów wynika, iż w dyskursie politycznym coraz trudniej o zachowania oparte na normach obowiązującej dotychczas grzeczności językowej. Batalia pomiędzy mężczyznami a kobietami nie zawsze odbywa się z zachowaniem zasad kultury i wzajemnego szacunku. Choć wydaje się, że dostęp do powszechnego udziału polskich kobiet w przestrzeni politycznej został otwarty, to przytoczone przykłady pokazują, że w rozumieniu wielu parlamentarzystów polityka to wciąż „męska sprawa”: podstawowe ustalenia zapadają pomiędzy mężczyznami, tylko oni wiedzą, co jest ważne. Stereotypowo mężczyźni są racjonalni, kobiety natomiast kierują się głównie emocjami. W ostatnich latach można jednak zauważyć, iż mężczyźni dyskredytują kobiety za pomocą technik, które wcześniej przypisywano głównie kobietom, gdyż to cecha „słabego” (słaby broni się emocjonalnie). Świadczy o tym choćby silna wulgaryzacja języka przytoczonych w niniejszym artykule wypowiedzi polityków-mężczyzn.
„Uczyńmy Hiszpanię wielką”. Partia Vox jako krystalizacja radykalnej prawicy na Półwyspie Iberyjskim
Authors: Kosmynka Stanisław
Published: June 2021

Artykuł przedstawia fenomen krystalizacji radykalnej prawicy na hiszpańskiej scenie politycznej w kontekście sukcesów politycznych partii Vox. Ukazuje uwarunkowania polityczne i społeczne, oddziałujące na pojawianie się tej formacji, a także jej główne postulaty oraz zaplecze ideologiczne. Odpowiada na pytanie, na jakich płaszczyznach dyskursywnych partia Vox inkorporowała do swej narracji wątki nacjonalistyczne i natywistyczne. Artykuł analizuje przesłanki poparcia dla tego ugrupowania i ukazuje profil społeczny jego wyborców. Analiza ta bazuje na integracji metod historycznej i systemowej oraz – diagnozując fenomen ugrupowania Vox – odwołuje się do pojmowania radykalnej prawicy w ujęciu Casa Mudde’a. Głównym wnioskiem płynącym z zawartych w niej obserwacji jest stwierdzenie, że po latach nieobecności na hiszpańskiej scenie politycznej radykalnej prawicy partia o takim charakterze zdołała na niej zaistnieć i zająć znaczące miejsce. Jej przekaz znalazł odzwierciedlenie u wyborców reprezentujących postawy antysystemowe, rozczarowanych tradycyjnym układem sił politycznych. Artykuł wskazuje na te wątki dyskursywne partii Vox, które odwołują się do postaw konserwatywnych, ożywiają resentymenty historyczne oraz krytycznie postrzegają rozwój społeczeństwa wielokulturowego, upatrując w nim zagrożenie dla tradycyjnie rozumianych wartości i kultury Hiszpanii.
Multilingualism and Language Contact in the Cely Letters
Authors: Conde-Silvestre J. Camilo
Published: June 2021

The Cely Letters is a well-known collection of correspondence exchanged by members of this London family of wool merchants and their associates between 1472 and 1488. A substantial part of the corpus was written and received by factors based in Calais, which had been an English outpost in France since 1346 and was strategically connected to the wool marts of the Low Countries. The great majority of the letters are monolingual English texts, thus attesting to the widespread use of the vernacular in personal correspondence by the late fifteenth century. Nevertheless, behind the monolingual English surface, traces of multilingualism are revealed. In this paper, I intend to analyse this issue with a twofold purpose. In the first place, attention will be paid to the multilingual background of the letters, considering both the persistent use of French in late medieval England and the specificity of the business transactions carried out at Calais and the marts, where language contact must have been the norm. In the second place, different textual reflections of such contact in the letters are examined and classified, both as regards the generic conventions of letter writing and as part of the multilingual business context where they were produced and received.
The Old English Glosses in Cambridge, Trinity College, B.10.5 + London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C.viii: A Reappraisal with Some New Glosses
Authors: O’Neill Patrick P.
Published: June 2021

A reassessment of the Old English glosses in Cambridge, Trinity College, B.10.5, as well as a presentation of three new glosses found in another fragment of the same manuscript, now London, British Library, Cotton Vitellius C.viii, with special focus on their language and function.