bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendekatan pembelajaran matematika di sd
Authors: fitrah Nur
Published: July 2020

Matematika merupakan salah satu cabang ilmu yang sangat penting, karena matematika sebagai mata pelajaran yang memungkinkan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir dan merupakan sarana untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Matematika adalah salah satu bidang studi yang ada pada semua jenjang pendidikan, mulai dari tingkat sekolah dasar sampai dengan perguruan tinggi. Bahkan matematika diajarkan di taman kanak-kanak secara informal. Belajar matematika merupakan suatu syarat untuk melanjutkan pendidikan kejenjang berikutnya. Dengan belajar matematika kita akan belajar bernalar secara kritis, kreatif dan aktif. Alasan pentingnya matematika untuk dipelajari karena begitu banyak kegunaannya. Di bawah ini akan diuraikan beberapa kegunaan matematika yang praktis menurut Russfendi (2006:2008), yaitu: 1) Dengan belajar matematika kita mampu berhitung dan mampu melakukan perhitungan-perhitungan yang lainnya 2) Matematika merupakan prasyarat untuk beberapa mata pelajaran lainnya. 3) Dengan belajar matematika perhitungan menjadi lebih sederhana dan praktis. 4) Dengan belajar matematika diharapkan kita mampu menjadi manusia yang berpikir logis, kritis, tekun, bertanggung jawab dan mampu menyelesaikan persoalan.Uraian di atas menunjukkan bahwa metematika itu sangat penting, tetapi banyak yang beranggapan bahwa matematika itu adalah pelajaran yang sulit untuk diajarkan dan dipelajari. Wahyudin (2001:2) mengemukakan beberapa alasan tentang sulitnya matematika untuk dipelajari dan diajarkan yaitu: Matematika merupakan pelajaran yang sangat hierarkis, karena hampir setiap materi yang diajarkan akan menjadi prasyarat bagi materi yang selanjutnya, sehingga jika materi terdahulu tidak dipahami, akan sulit untuk memahami materi berikutnya. Beragam kecepatan siswa dalam memahami materi atau konsep yang diajarkan oleh guru, misalnya sejumlah siswa dapat memahami yang diajarkan oleh guru setelah guru menyampaikan materi tersebut, sementara sejumlah siswa yang lainnya baru memahami materi setelah satu minggu, satu bulan, bahkan mungkin saja sampai keluar sekolahpun tidak memahaminya.
A Puzzle About Withholding
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

This paper presents a puzzle about justification and withholding. The puzzle arises in a special case where experts advise us to not withhold judgment. My main thesis is simply that the puzzle is genuinely a puzzle, and so leads us to rethink some common assumptions in epistemology, specifically assumptions about the nature of justification and doxastic attitudes.
Misiologi Antara Teori, Fakta Dan Pengalaman
Authors: Widjaja Fransiskus Irwan
Published: July 2020

Tulisan dalam buku ini dibuat bukan hanya berdasarkan teori, melainkan juga data-data dari berbagai sumber dan fakta di lapangan yang sudah dijalani penulis sebagai Hamba Tuhan yang memulai pelayanan sepenuh waktu sejak 9 September 1997 sampai sekarang. Penulis adalah praktisi misi sampai hari ini. Ia telah menanam lebih dari 150 gereja regular, baik dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Ia telah mengutus misionaris sejak 2006. Penjangkauan (unreached people group dan cross cultural mission). Perjalanan misi tersebut telah mengantar penulis keliling Indonesia dan bangsa-bangsa (kurang lebih 62 negara di lima benua). Dari praktisi misi, ia menjadi gembala gereja misi pada 2004 (GBI My Home Tanjung Pinang) dan saat ini menjadi akademisi Ketua STT Real Batam 2012 sampai sekarang. Pengalaman-pengalaman pribadi juga dituangkan dalam tulisan dalam buku ini. Tentulah buku ini diharapkan bisa menjadi berkat.
Reading Book
Authors: Yunus
Published: July 2020

Laporan Baca Buku Sejarah PAK
Review of "Achieving Knowledge: A Virtue-Theoretic Account of Epistemic Normativity" by John Greco
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

A review of "Achieving Knowledge" by John Greco.
Sosa's bi-level virtue epistemology
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

A critical explanation of Ernest Sosa's bi-level virtue epistemology.
Hakikat bimbingan
Authors: Arianti Nur
Published: July 2020

Isi makalah ini merupakan dasar pengetahuan bagi Anda sebagai guru atau pendamping anak usia dini dalam mempelajari delapan makalah Bimbingan dan Konseling selanjutnya, yang meliputi karakteristik perkembangan, pendekatan perkembangan dalam bimbingan dan konseling serta pengembangan program bimbingan dan konseling. Upaya mencerdaskan anak sewajarnya dilakukan sedini mungkin, agar anak tumbuh dan berkembang sebagai individu yang cerdas baik secara intelektual, emosional maupun spiritual.
Pelayanan Rumah Singgah Sebagai Media Misi Gereja : Pelayanan Rumah Singgah GBI Tanjung Balai Karimun
Authors: Gulo David Martinus
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan rumah singgah merupakan kegiatan yang digagas oleh Gereja Misi GBI Tanjung Balasi Karimun sebagai salah satu upaya untuk melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Kegiatan ini disamping untuk belajar juga merupakan ruang untuk bermain yang secara khusus sebagai bentuk kepedulian kepada anak-anak yang tinggal di pesisir kota yang kurang mampu. Tujuan dari rumah singgah ini adalah untuk memberikan pembelajaran yang layak dengan berbagai pelatihan dasar bagi keluarga-keluarga marginal dan tak mampu. Diharapkan nantinya melalui pembelajaran rumah singgah ini, anak-anak dapat belajar secara mandiri yang dituntun oleh para sukarelawan sebagai kegiatan filantropi berbasis misi untuk mendukung anak-anak dalam berbagai aspek, baik jasmani maupun rohani.
Interpersonal aspects of meditative traditions
Authors: Agrawal Jyotsna , Sahota Poonam Bir Kaur
Published: July 2020

In the entire spectrum of available meditations, those focused on interpersonal aspects have been relatively less studied. Such aspects need equal research attention in a world where majority of practitioners live a life populated with interpersonal joys, interactions, concerns and sufferings. The contemplative traditions rooted in India, from Yoga-Vedanta to Buddhism have emphasized development of positive interpersonal qualities, such as maitri, mudita, karuna and upeska. These concepts have been discussed in-depth in the present chapter, along with a review of the available research and future directions.
Synchronized Time Profile Similarity in Applications to Nearest Neighbor Classification
Authors: Liu Qimin
Published: July 2020

One of the existing approaches to time series classification exploits the time profiles using the original data with synchronization instead of model-implied data. Synchronization aligns inter-individual data from different time points to account for potential phase offsets and nonstationarity in the data. Such synchronization has been applied in psychology: For example, coordinated motion between two individuals exchanging information was used as a predictor and outcome of psychological processes. Synchronization also affords better classification outcomes, as discussed in the data mining community, through aligning the data to reveal the maximally shared profile underlying two compared data sequences. For inter-individual comparison of univariate time series data, existing similarity indices include Euclidean distances and squared correlations. For synchronization, we introduce dynamic time warping and window-crossed lagging. The current study compares the Euclidean distance and the squared correlation before and after synchronization using window-crossed lagging and dynamic time warping in applications to one-nearest-neighbor classification tasks. Discussion, limitations, and future directions are provided.
Patterns of Sexual Violence Against Adults and Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Rockowitz Sarah , Stevens Laura , Rockey James , Smith Lisa , Ritchie Jessica , Colloff Melissa Fay , Cotton Jessica , Njoroge Dorothy , KAMAU CATHERINE , Flowe Heather D
Published: July 2020

Objectives This study examined patterns of sexual violence against adults and children in Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic to inform sexual violence prevention, protection and response efforts. Design A prospective cross-sectional research design was used with data collected from March-August 2020. Setting Kenya Participants 317 adults, 224 children Main Measures Perpetrator and survivor demographic data, characteristics of the assault. Results Bivariate analyses found that children were more likely than adults to be attacked during the daytime (59% vs. 44%, p <.001), by a single perpetrator rather than multiple perpetrators (31% vs. 13%, p <.001), in a private as opposed to a public location (66% vs. 45%, p <.001) and by someone known to the child (76% vs. 58%, p <.001). Children were violated most often by neighbours (29%) and family members (20%), whereas adults were equally likely to be attacked by strangers (41%) and persons known to them (59%). These variables were entered as predictors into a logistic regression model that significantly predicted the age group of the survivor, 2(5, N = 541) = 53.3, p = < .001. Conclusions Patterns of sexual violence against adult and child survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic are different, suggesting age-related measures are needed in national emergency plans to adequately address sexual violence during the pandemic and for future humanitarian crises.
Comparison of APGAR Score of Newborns with Mode of Delivery and Its Associated Factors
Authors: Paudyal Laxmi
Published: July 2020

Newborn baby should be assessed immediately soon after the birth and the APGAR (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration) score is the most commonly used, simple and most effective method of immediate newborn assessment. The aim of the study was to compare the newborn APGAR score on first and fifth minute in two different mode of delivery; Normal Vaginal delivery (NVD) and Cesarean Delivery (CD) and its contributing factors. A cross-sectional study design with comparative research approach was adopted to conduct the research. Total 200 singleton babies (100 NVD and 100 CD) were selected and APGAR score was checked in the first and fifth minutes from baby’s birth record. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that 88 and 95 percentage of neonatal APGAR scores in 1st and 5th minutes were more than seven, respectively. There were no significant statistical differences between APGAR score of 1st and 5th minutes in two methods of delivery (t=0.067 and 0.066 on 1st minute and 5th minute respectively, p>0.05). However, premature newborns, low birth weight, mother’s age and weight of mother, no of parity has effect on APGAR score. The study findings concluded that not the method of delivery has any effect on the low Apgar score of babies on birth but the factors such as prematurity, maternal age, mother’s weight, no of parity, low birth weight has significant association on low APGAR score of babies.

Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 7, Issue-3: 176-182
COVID-19 across Countries: Situation and Lessons for Pandemic control
Authors: Shakya Dhana Ratna , Thapa Suraj Bahadur , Kar Sujit Kumar , Sharma Vinita , Uchida Naoki , Ortiz Miguel Reina , Chapagain Ghanashyam , Poudel Chandra Kumar , Bhattarai Pushpa Raj
Published: July 2020

In the context of rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 pandemic, many facts and issues are coming up. Some are general across borders while some others specific to particular context. We intend to review situation (condition, trend) and lessons (observations, and messages) from 9 different countries across the continents (in brief as contributed by respective authors). We have, here, the accounts and observations from Nepal, India, Japan (Asia); Norway and United Kingdom (Europe); United States of America (North America), Ecuador (South America), Australia and South Africa. General fact is that all need to maintain social distancing, adequate testing, aggressive contact tracing and treatment along with strategies to limit movements and crowds (e.g. lockdown). This pandemic has again shown that there is no border for disaster and pestilence. Borders are artificial. We all human being and whole world is a single unit. We have certain weaknesses, drawbacks and deficits as well as strengths that we need to understand and positively stand together in the battle against this pandemic.
COVID-19 Pandemic and BPKIHS: our Situation, Endeavors and Future Direction
Authors: Shakya Dhana Ratna , Mishra Deebya Raj , Gyawali Rajesh , Rimal Surya Prasad , Lama Sami , Yadav Ajay Kumar , Nepal Suraj , Pokharel Bishnu , Sapkota Nidesh
Published: July 2020

Rapid spread of COVID-19 infection reached Nepal in about 1 month of its first appearance in China in December 2019 and affected all spheres of life and society including health and education, like in other countries. We are unprepared for this new menace with many unknown facts and uncertainties when well developed set ups with advanced science and technology also seemed drowned. We attempt here to appraise our situation (condition, trend) and reflect on to the lessons (observations, and messages) that we draw in various major areas of the activities of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. We become acutely aware about the adverse effects of this pandemic in its academic, service and research activities along with all other aspects. Amidst the challenges, we were forced to take steps in scattered and trial and error pattern. This pandemic has brought our deficiencies in health system into surface and is offering opportunity to review, revise and reform them. We all the stakeholders, i.e. students, patients, clients, teachers, faculties, staff and authorities are in the same boat; all need to be in healthy, balanced and functional state for fruitful travel. We have certain weaknesses, drawbacks, deficits; and some strengths that we now should realize to move ahead in this COVID era.
Comparison of the Patient Diagnostic Yield of Fibre-optic Bronchoscopy with Conventional Tracheal Aspirate
Authors: Dhakal Subodh Sagar , Mishra Navin Kumar , Bhatta Karuna , Shrestha Milan , Karna Rohit , Khanal Arjan
Published: July 2020

Objective: To know the efficacy of Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) in establishing diagnosis and its impact on overall health status of the patients.

Methods: A single center, longitudinal study involving 40 patients aged > 18 years old with septic shock with similar baseline characteristics was conducted. Two study arms, 20 patients in intervention arm - patient with utilization of Bronchoscopy and BAL in aiding diagnosis and 20-patients in conservative- arm without Bronchoscopy were compared in terms of establishing diagnosis primarily and secondarily in terms of length of stay and 30-day mortality. We were able to identify following organisms in BAL sample: Mycobacterium tuberculosis- 4, Acinetobacter baumanii- 3, Pseudomonasaeruginosa- 2, Klebsiella oxytica- 2, E. coli- 2, Streptococcus pneumoniae- 2, Staphyloccus aureus-

Results: We were able to identify various infectious agents as mentioned above 16/20 in BAL group compared to 8/20 in conventional arm; neoplasm in 4 out of 20 subjects in BAL group. In 80% of cases, BAL helped in identifying the organisms compared to only 40% in tracheal aspirate group. In addition, six cases in Intervention arm vs. nine cases in conventional arm had more than > 14 days hospital stay with the p-value 0 .492091. Interventional arm had lesser mortality 5 cases vs. 7 cases in Conventional arm with the p-value of 0.490153 which was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: We conclude that the diagnostic bronchoscope and related procedures among critically ill patients are helpful in identifying the pathogens and in detecting malignancy.
Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward Communication Skills Learning in Chitwan Medical College, Nepal
Authors: Piryani Suneel , Piryani Rano Mal , Deo Gopendra Prasad
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Medical students’ attitude towards communication skills is crucial for curriculum planners, teachers and health professionals. Chitwan Medical College (CMC) is a private medical school admitting students mainly from the Nepal.

Objective: To assess the attitudes of medical students towards learning communication skills.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among third and fifth year medical (MBBS) undergraduates at Chitwan Medical College (CMC), Nepal in April 2018 using the 26-itemCommunication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) developed by Rees, Sheard, and Davies. Participants ‘age, sex, year of study, nationality, religion, relationship status, the occupation of father and mother, place of residence of a family, were noted. The CSAS scores were computed. Student’s t-test and ANOVA test were used to compare the scores among subgroups of participants.

Results: The mean positive attitudes scale (PAS), negative attitudes scale (NAS) and overall CSAS scores were 51.77  5.21, 35.68  4.43, and 83.97  5.77 respectively. PAS score was statistically significantly higher among the respondents whose mothers were not in the health-related profession. Whereas NAS score was statistically significantly lower among females, self-rated outstanding students, and good self-reported written communication skills.

Conclusion: Medical undergraduates had strong positive attitudes towards learning communication skills, but negative attitudes were also noted. Hence, faculty members need to change these attitudes through improving teaching and assessment strategies.
Prevalence of Substance Use in Medical and Dental Students of a Medical University of Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Nidesh , Pudasaini Garima , Baral Binav , Bhagat Umesh , Agrawal Diksha , Baral Dharani Dhar
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Medical and Dental students are vulnerable to higher levels of psychological distress than other age matched peers. Many studies reveal that there is high prevalence of psychoactive substance use and psychiatric co-morbidities among them.

Objective: To identify prevalence of substance use (alcohol, nicotine, cannabis) among medical and dental students.

Methods: A cross sectional study was done among medical and dental students (2nd year to interns) of B PKIHS. A total of 600 students were enrolled through systematic random sampling and only 588(98%) responded. Semi-structured questionnaire was used which included socio-demographic variables, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), Fagerstrom (for Nicotine dependence) and Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST).

Result: The mean age of participants was 22±2years. Among them, 61.2% (360) were male; 69.7% (410) were MBBS; 90.5% (532) were Nepalese and 9.5% (56) were Indians. The prevalence of alcohol users was 47.75% (281) in which 32% (90) were harmful users. Among 19.55% (115) nicotine users; 56.5% (65), 37.4% (43), 6.1% (7) had low, low to moderate and moderate dependence respectively. The prevalence of cannabis users was 9% (53) with 45.3% (24), 18.9% (10) having low and high addiction respectively.

Conclusion: High percentage of medical and dental students showed substance use, harmful use and dependence. It is expected that they have knowledge about the harmful consequences of psychoactive substances.
A Case Report of An Iris Epithelial Cyst Masquerading As Iris Cysticercosis
Authors: Hoshing Abhishek , Dhamankar Rita , Tanwar Shabnam , Bhat Deepak
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Iris cysts can be primary or secondary. It is common to mistake a parasitic cyst for a benign pigment epithelial cyst. However, we report a case where a benign cyst was mistaken for a parasitic cyst.

Case: A 50-year-old gentleman was seen in our OPD with gradual, progressive, painless diminution of vision in the right eye over past 5 Months. He was found to have a cystic lesion in the iris encroaching upon the pupil.

Observations: Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed features characteristic of cysticercosis. In-toto excision of the cyst was done and was sent for histopathological examination. Histopathology failed to reveal features consistent with cysticercosis and instead showed characteristics of epithelial cyst of the iris.

Conclusion: Histopathological examination should be done for all cystic lesions of the iris to confirm diagnosis.
Efficacy of Topical Cyclosporine 0.05% the Treatment of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Subedi Kumudini , Sharma Binita , Shrestha Sabina
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis is a chronic bilateral seasonally exacerbated allergy affecting the conjunctiva and cornea of children. As technology has advanced, newer medications have been developed for the control of the disease.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of an immunomodulator, cyclosporine, in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

Materials and methods: Fifty patients of moderate, severe to very severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis were selected for the study. They were given cyclosporine 0.05% eye drops in loading dose followed by gradual tapering. Symptoms and signs were recorded at presentation, after two weeks, after four weeks, after two months and after three months.

Results: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, being a chronic disease showed marked improvement with immunomodulator therapy. There was significant improvement in the symptom and sign score initially, at the first follow up itself with symptom score reduction from median of mean of 2.4 to 0.6 (p=0.00) and a similar sign score reduction from 1.75 to 0.625 (p=0.00). There was gradually more improvement as therapy continued and the beneficial effects were maintained till the end point of the study at three months where median of mean symptom score was 0.4 (p=0.00) and similar sign score of 0.375 (p= 0.000).

Conclusion: Topical cyclosporine proved to be an effective and safe treatment strategy to treat cases of moderate, severe and very severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
Peripapillary choroidal vascularity quantification and characterization in healthy individuals
Authors: Guduru Abhilash , Rasheed Mohammed Abdul , Goud Abhilash , Vupparaboina Kiran Kumar , Agrawal Rupesh , Lupidi Marco , Chhablani Jay , Chhablani Preeti Patil
Published: July 2020

Introduction: To characterize the peripapillary choroidal vasculature in healthy individuals using the choroidal vascular index (CVI), a previously established more robust tool of measurement of choroidal vascularity than choroidal thickness.

Methods: The peripapillary choroid in healthy individuals was analyzed using optical coherence tomography. OCT B-scan were analyzed using automated binarization, a previously established technique. This separates the choroidal layer into the stromal and vascular areas. Choroidal vascular index (CVI), the vascular area/total area, was computed for each image over the macula and the peripapillary area of the optic disc. Regression analysis and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were used to analyze various demographics, and CVI in the macula and each quadrant of the optic disc.

Results: Fifty eight eyes of 29 healthy individuals were included. Mean age was 42±17 years. Average CVI at the macula was 0.583. Average peripapillary CVI was 0.643 (nasal), 0.598 (temporal), 0.621 (superior) and 0.623 (inferior). Regression analysis of variables demonstrated there was no significant relationship between the demographic variables and macular CVI. However, the analysis demonstrated age and CVI of the peripapillary area were significantly correlated. Further stratification revealed significantly higher CVI in the optic disc in subjects over 45.

Conclusion: Peripapillary CVI in all quadrants is higher than macular CVI in all age groups. CVI significantly increases after the age of 45 in the peripapillary area but not macular area. This suggests that stromal area decline is greater than the decline of the luminal area in the choroid at the peripapillary area as age increases.
Eye-glasses wear compliance following school-based visual acuity screening in Nepal: a comparative study
Authors: Thapa Hari Bahadur , Rai Salma KC , Thapa Saraswati Khadka , Khatri Anadi , Bassett Ken
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Eye-glasses wear compliance is found to be low among children in school-based eye screening programs who are provided spectacles free of charge.

Methods: Thirty-six schools from school visual acuity screening program in Nepal were randomly selected to receive no follow-up (standard) or follow-up by an optometry team at 3 months. In the intervention group (that received the follow-up), ophthalmic personal made unannounced visits to the schools at 3 months to determine spectacle compliance .Direct examination to determine compliance with spectacle wear 6 months was done. The primary reason for noncompliance from a list of possibilities was identified using a questionnaire.

Results: Among 297 (145 control and 152 intervention) students that received glasses in the 36 schools, 128/152 (84%) were available for examination at 3 months in the intervention group. A total of 216/297 (73%) students were available for examination at 6 months (73 % and 72% of the control and intervention groups, respectively). Within the intervention group, 51% of children at 3 months and 57% at 6 months were wearing glasses during the unannounced visits. The main source of refractive error was myopia. Out of 66 children with astigmatism, 24 (36%) were wearing glasses. There was no statistically significant difference in compliance (p=0.85) between private and public schools, but compliance correlated better with the educational status of careers.

Conclusion: A follow-up visit to the school by eye care personnel did not improve spectacle wear compliance among children .Other factors may also be responsible for poor compliance.
Early phase Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease in Nepalese Elderly woman: A case report
Authors: Thapa Bikram Bahadur , Gurung Shanti , Singh Sweta , Aryal Mahesh
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease is defined as an autoimmune disorder characterized by bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with systemic manifestations, such as tinnitus, vertigo, and meningism caused by melanocyte antigen-reactive T-cells. Majority of VKH patients present at the age between 20 and 50 years. VKH is uncommon in elderly and challenging to manage. VKH is one of the important differential diagnosis of bilateral pan uveitis

Case: A 65 year/ female brought with chief complaint of sudden loss of vision in both eyes, headache and hearing problem for 1 month. She didn’t give any history of other systemic illness, ocular surgery, ocular trauma, chronic use of medicament. Her visual acuity was hand movement with accurate projection of rays (HM) in both eyes The intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12mmHg in both eye. Slit-lamp bio microscopy revealed features of Pan uveitis in both eye. Systemic work up revealed no any other abnormalities. A diagnosis of early phase VKH was made and treated with intravenous pulse steroid therapy followed by tapering dose of oral steroid along with immunemodulator resulting in a very good visual recovery.

Conclusion: VKH can present in elderly. immunomodulator should be considered in elderly to prevent side effect of steroid along with recurrence of inflammation.
Profiles of Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) Patients Visiting Pediatric Outpatient Department
Authors: Parajuli Rojeeta , Adhikari Srijana , Shrestha Ujjowala
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Cortical visual impairment denotes vision loss from pathology posterior to the lateral geniculate nucleus. The pathology may involve the optic radiations, as well as the occipital cortex.

Objective: To find out the profiles of cortical visual impairment patients visiting the pediatric outpatient department.

Materials and Methods: The study is a hospital based retrospective study in which all consecutive patients diagnosed with cortical visual impairment were included. A total of 40 patients were collected. Detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. Visual acuity was taken by fixation and follows method. Among 40 patients, only two patients were advised to use glass and the rest did not have significant refractive error. Myopia ranged from (-2D to -5D) and five patients were myopic. Astigmatism ranged from (-0.5 to -2.5 x 108°) and 10 patients had astigmatism. Suspected patients were advised for Computed Tomography/ Magnetic Resolution Imaging (CT/MRI) of the brain.

Results: The male: female ratio was 3:2, the age group ranged from 4 months to 8 years old, antenatal checkup history was uneventful in 77.5% cases, history of birth asphyxia was present in 87.5% cases, postnatal checkup history was eventful in 67.5%, associated systemic illness was present in 60%, anterior segment examination was normal in 92.5%, posterior segment examination was normal in 72.5%, CT/MRI findings were abnormal in 57.5% and was not done in 30% of cases. Antenatal history was described as uneventful if there was absence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, fever and intake of any medicine. Postnatal history was described as uneventful if there was absence of febrile convulsion, meningitis, encephalocele, encephalopathy, epilepsy or hydrocephalus.

Conclusion: Birth asphyxia and postnatal infections are the major causes for cortical visual impairment. We can mitigate cortical visual impairment by limiting birth asphyxia and postnatal infections.
Ayurvedic Approach on COVID-19 Prevention and Care
Authors: Bhatta Pramod
Published: July 2020

CoVID-19 caused pandemic taking lives of more than 551,046 resulting massive physical, psychological, economical loss around the world. Various aspect of epidemic is described in Ayurveda. The study aims to identify the components which can help preventing and caring from Corona Virus and COVID-19. Based on textual and research of previous literatures, the finding is suggestive of by applying the Ayurvedic approach to prevent and care of proper adaptation of health behavior will support preventing the disease and minimize the complications.
Patología y salud pública: Oportunidades para el avance
Authors: Caicedo-Montaño Camilo Alberto , Mendoza Oscar Eduardo , Bonilla Jassir Juan Carlos , Parra Medina Rafael
Published: July 2020

La patología y la salud pública son disciplinas que se complementan en múltiples formas, desde la información que aportan mutuamente a niveles individual y poblacional, hasta la elaboración de políticas públicas en salud y la gestión de la información en los biobancos, así como la articulación para respuesta en emergencias y brotes. En revisión no sistemática resaltamos que los dos campos de mayor colaboración con la salud pública son la patología forense (comprendiendo muertes violentas y no violentas) y la patología molecular, realizando aportes significativos a la planeación de los servicios de salud, la calidad de la información epidemiológica, la salud pública basada en la evidencia que permite una mejor toma de decisiones, y la gestión de la salud comunitaria y poblacional. A partir de la revisión realizada se identificaron como puntos de mejora el uso de los sistemas de información, la necesidad de un enfoque interdisciplinario más tangible, y la urgente transformación educativa que subyace a esta colaboración.
Bona Sforza, tra Polonia, Napoli e Bari. Nel gioco delle grandi potenze europee del Cinquecento [Bona Sforza – między Polską, Neapolem a Bari. W grze wielkich potęg europejskich XVI wieku]
Authors: Spagnoletti Angelantonio
Published: July 2020

Epoka Bony Sforzy została poddana oglądowi w kontekście stosunków między państwami europejskimi w I połowie XVI wieku. Dotyczy to zwłaszcza dwóch monarchii: Karola V oraz Filipa II. Królowa Polski i księżna Bari próbowała odgrywać wiodącą rolę w ówczesnych stosunkach międzynarodowych, ale musiała ulec woli dwóch Habsburgów, zainteresowanych odzyskaniem kontroli nad księstwem Bari i zawarciem anty­tureckich sojuszy z Zygmuntem II, synem Bony.
Pogrzeb królowej Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza – opracowanie edytorskie
Authors: Papieski Robert
Published: July 2020

The article mainly quotes a previously unpublished manuscript of Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s novel about Bona Sforza, entitled The Funeral of the Queen, which he has worked on between the 6th of June 1949 and 1953. The editor presents the origins of the book and its development. Additionally, all documents that Iwaszkiewicz researched and collected while working on the novel are included in the book, including notes, nine versions of the first sentence of the novel, and the letters from Ludwik Kolankowski and Zofia Zarembianka, who provided Iwaszkiewicz with factual information. The conclusion of the article reveals the nature of Iwaszkiewicz’s writing, showing that a huge amount of documents he researched – instead of helping him – paralysed him.
Włoska historia jednego gatunku
Authors: Kowalik Katarzyna
Published: July 2020

The text is devoted to Giancarlo Alfano and Francesco de Cristofaro’s monograph Il roman­zo in Italia published in 2018. The work is an attempt to systematize the information about Italian tradition of the genre which nowadays unquestionably dominates the publishing market. Moreover, it describes the structure of the publication, metho­dological assumptions adopted by the authors, their objectives, and the way of their realisation. The analysis of these elements shows whether the work discussed can be an important point of reference for future academic works dedicated to Italian novels.
Listy z lagrów i więzień jako skrót rzeczywistości obozowej
Authors: Stasi Daniele
Published: July 2020

The article discusses Lucyna Sadzikowska’s book entitled Listy z lagrów i więzień 1939–1945. Wybrane zagadnienia (Letters from the Concentration Camps and Prisons 1939–1945. Selected Issues. Katowice 2019). According to the author of the article, the published letters of the inmates kept in concentration and labour camps remain inte­resting descriptions of the camp reality that redirect the reader towards literature of the personal document. The purpose of Sadzikowska’s book is to describe and codify the prison and camp letter with regard to its theoretical and practical aspects. She analyses and elaborates on official and unofficial camp and prison correspondence (e.g. secret messages, letters smuggled in or out of camps and prisons), and presents a peculiar   supplement to this epistolography, that is, the literary letters of Gustaw Morcinek. The reviewed work not only presents the author’s commitment to elaborate on camp and prison epistolography written in the period between 1939 and 1945, but also points out the inspiring potential of personal documents.
Narodziny polskiej myśli narodowej – z perspektywy włoskiej
Authors: Litwin Ewa
Published: July 2020

The article aims to present the work of Daniele Stasi regarding the birth of Polish nationalism. The book was published in 2018 in Italian by FrancoAngeli as Le origini del nazionalismo in Polonia. The author puts forward some theses concerning the process of national building in the period preceding the partitions of Poland, which represents terminus a quo for his analysis of the ideologies related to the national issue and rebirth of Polish state. Terminus ad quem of the author’s analysis is Roman Dmowski’s Myśli nowoczesnego Polaka. Based on rich and interdisciplinary literature, Stasi’s work aims to fill the gap in Italian historiography, related to the birth of Polish nationalism.
Przypadkowy turysta? John Maxwell Coetzee w Europie Środkowej – rekonesans
Authors: Kusek Robert
Published: July 2020

The article’s aim is to reflect upon the transgenerational and transnational sustainability of Central European memory in literary and cultural space of South Africa. It also investigates links between John Maxwell Coetzee’s oeuvre, as well as works by other South African authors (e.g. Dan Jacobson, Lionel Abrahams, Deborah Levy), with cultural and, above all, literary universe of Central Europe. While analysing selected literary and cultural texts (among others, hitherto unpublished archival documents), the author points to the fact that the Nobel laureate’s consistently and programmatically displayed interest in Central Europe ought to be considered within a wider context of systematic and creative “dialogue” with Central Europe which has been carried out by writers and artists from South Africa in the 20th and 21st centuries. The present study is an original attempt at capturing the phenomenon of mutual cultural flows and horizontal exchange taking place between some minor literatures (and cultures), in this case: South African and Central European.
Teaching Commons through the Game of Musical Chairs
Authors: Pantazis Alekos
Published: July 2020

In an attempt to reinforce the role of education on the commons, this article proposes the use of non-formal education activities and experiential learning. Exploring new ways to talk to non-expert audiences about the commons, I developed an experiential education workshop called “Musical chairs as a commons” by hacking the classic musical chairs game. I have delivered this workshop to diverse audiences during the last five years, from activists for the commons and NGO members to university masters students and scholars. This article presents the stages, the form, the content and the educational approach of the three-hour workshop and discusses further steps based on participants’ reflections and criticism.
Application of constructed wetland for advanced treatment of industrial wastewater
Authors:   Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur l’’Eau (CARE), University of Technology, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Dan Nguyen Phuoc , Tam Le Thi Minh ,   Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur l’’Eau (CARE), University of Technology, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Quyen Vu Le ,   Institute for Environment and Natural Resources, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Chi Do Hong Lan ,   Institute for Environment and Natural Resources, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city
Published: July 2020

An experimental study to use a pilot vegetated submerged bed (VSB) wetland for the advanced treatment of effluent from the central wastewater treatment plant (CWWTP) of an industrial zone was carried out. The pilot VSB wetland included reeds (Phragmites australis), cattail (Typha orientalis), and blank cells in parallel. The constructed wetland was observed to be a suitable measure for wastewater reuse via the high performance of organic matter, turbidity removal, and detoxification. At loading rates of up to 250 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) ha-1d-1, both cells with emergent plants obtained high efficiency of contaminant removal. Suspended solids (SS) and turbidity removal reached 67-86% and 69-82%, respectively. The COD removal efficiencies of the reed and cattail cells at a loading rate of 130 kg COD ha-1d-1were 47 and 55%, respectively. At a high loading of 400 kg COD ha-1d-1, the toxicity unit (TU) reduced from 32-42 to 4.9 and 4.2 in the effluent of the cattail and reed cells, respectively. Especially at loadings of 70, 130, and 185 kg COD ha-1d-1, the effluent TU was less than 3.0, corresponding to a non-toxic level to the ecosystem. The effluent quality met industrial or landscaped wastewater reuse at these loading rates.
Integrasi Aplikasi Layanan Publik Menggunakan Sistem Antrian Berbasis Digital Signage
Authors: Rustamaji Heru Cahya , Perwira Rifki Indra , Hartono Eko Budi
Published: July 2020

AbstractPublic services are defined as a series of activities in the allocation of community needs services. The type of manual service that is currently carried out is far from being accountable and transparent. Public services that provide the community must be good, effective and efficient. To increase the level of public services in government agencies, a system is needed in carrying out services. In this study a public service queue system was created which integrated various types of public services in the administration section with a public service information board based on Digital Signage. The queue system is expected to break down the current disturbances. The system development method used is GRAPPLE which facilitates the needs, analysis, development and distribution of systems. The results of this study are Android-based Queue System Integration with Public Service Information Based on Digital Signage. The results of the tests carried out on the system through 2 stages, namely Alpha Test and Beta Test. At the Alpha Test stage, the percentage of approval level was 96.8%, while in the Beta Test stage, the percentage of approval level was 96.5% and it can be concluded that the system works well and can be done even though some can become developers in the next research. Keywords: queuing system, integration, GRAPPLE, digital signage AbstrakPelayanan publik diartikan sebagai rangkaian kegiatan dalam upaya memenuhi kebutuhan pelayanan masyarakat. Jenis pelayanan manual yang dilakukan saat ini masih jauh dari faktor akuntabilitas dan transparansi. Pelayanan publik yang diberikan kepada masyarakat harus baik, efektif dan efisien. Untuk meningkatkan tingkat pelayanan publik di instansi pemerintah maka dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang mempermudah dalam melakukan pelayanan. Pada penelitian kali ini dibuatlah sebuah sistem antrian pelayanan publik yang mengintegrasikan seluruh jenis pelayanan publik yang ada pada instansi pemerintahan dengan papan informasi layanan publik berbasis Digital Signage. Sistem antrian tersebut diharapkan dapat mengurai permasalahan yang ada saat ini. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan yaitu GRAPPLE yang meliputi tahapan pengumpulan kebutuhan, analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran sistem. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu Integrasi Sistem Antrian Berbasis Android dengan Informasi Layanan Publik berbasis Digital Signage. Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan pada sistem melalui 2 tahapan yaitu Alpha Test dan Beta Test. Pada tahap Alpha Test telah menghasilkan persentase tingkat persetujuan 96,8% sedangkan pada tahap Beta Test menghasilkan persentase tingkat persetujuan 96,5% dan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa sistem berfungsi dengan baik dan dapat digunakan meskipun masih terdapat kekurangan yang dapat menjadi pengembang pada penelitian berikutnya. Kata Kunci : sistem antrian, integrasi, GRAPPLE, digital signage
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Kulit Akibat Virus Menggunakan Teorema Bayes
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Putri Taqwa , Hangesti Nuri Budi
Published: July 2020

AbstractSkin is one of the most important organs in humans, because through the skin we can feel the feel and the surface of an object. If the skin is attacked, the disease may cause many consequences, such as from mild itching or to severe, the skin can not feel anything. Based on existing problems in the community created an application that can help people to recognize skin diseases suffered, so the level of awareness will keep the cleanliness higher, namely the application of expert system of viral skin disease using bayes theorem. In this research will be designed a system using method bayes theorem this expert system will be able to produce a diagnosis of skin diseases and treatment that needs to be done. With this application of course can help people to recognize the illnesses that have been allegedly allegedly to refer to injured. Based on 20 data that have been tested against experts and systems, for patients affected by viral skin diseases were 17 patients and those not infected were 3 patients. As for the suitability of testing between the validation results of experts (doctors) and the system, obtained percentage of 85%.Keywords: Skin diseases, Expert system, Teorema Bayes.AbstrakKulit adalah salah satu organ terpenting pada manusia, karena melalui kulit kita dapat merasakan rasa dan permukaan sebuah benda. Apabila kulit terserang penyakit maka akan banyak akibat yang akan ditimbulkannya, mulai dari yang ringan yaitu terasa gatal atau sampai yang berat yakni kulit tidak dapat merasakan apapun. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada di dalam lingkungan masyarakat diciptakan suatu aplikasi yang dapat membantu masyarakat untuk dapat mengenali penyakit kulit yang diderita, sehingga tingkat kesadaran akan menjaga kebersihan makin tinggi, yakni aplikasi sistem pakar penyakit kulit akibat virus. Pada penelitian ini akan dirancang sebuah sistem menggunakan metode Teorema Bayes. Sistem pakar ini nantinya dapat menghasilkan diagnosa penyakit kulit serta pengobatan yang perlu dilakukan. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini tentunya bisa membantu masyarakat mengenali penyakit yang dideritanya sehingga tersadar untuk merujuknya ke dokter ahli. Berdasarkan 20 data yang telah diujikan terhadap pakar dan sistem, untuk pasien yang terkena penyakit kulit akibat virus adalah 17 pasien dan yang tidak terkena infeksi adalah 3 pasien. Sedangkan untuk kesesuaian pengujian antara hasil validasi pakar (dokter) dan sistem, diperoleh tingkat persentase keberhasilan sebesar 85%.Kata Kunci : Penyakit kulit, Sistem Pakar, Teorema Bayes.
Allying and Leading Through Racial Realities
Authors: Lewis Natalie D. , Adkins-Sharif Jamel
Published: July 2020

Social-justice-oriented Black school leaders center the experiences of the communities they serve in their work. They recognize that to overcome barriers to equity and justice, they must learn from families the contours of those obstacles, be they academic challenges or impediments brought on by racial and cultural discrimination. Two Black school leaders juxtapose their leadership efforts to engage parents and caregivers against a discussion of Black families’ perceptions of and experiences with Black principals. The authors challenge Epstein’s framework for caregiver participation, arguing that it makes White middle-class parent behavior normative, and presumes that improved engagement with Black families lies in their assimilation rather than their empowerment. Using autoethnographic analysis and interviews, this qualitative study explores the extent to which Black families feel relationship with Black school leaders and identify race or culture as relevant factors. Preliminary findings suggest that the reality of shared racial/ethnic experiences enables collaborative relationships between Black school leaders and Black families. Such collaborative efforts can serve to empower families and communities, and create the space for co-constructing knowledge and ideas for reimagining the educational experience of their children.
Examining the Relationship between School District Revenue and English Learners PostHorne v. Floresin Arizona
Authors: Jiménez-Castellanos Oscar , Martínez Davíd G.
Published: July 2020

The Horne v. Flores case (previously known as Flores v. Arizona) is one of the few school finance cases that challenged funding inadequacy through the lens of English learner (EL) education. Plaintiff districts in Flores challenged socio-normative dominance through an emphasis on language rights and the fiscal capacity necessary to engage those rights in public education ( Jiménez-Castellanos & Garcia, 2017 ; Jimenez-Silva, Gomez, and Cisneros, 2014 ; Martinez, 2018 ; Martinez, 2019 ). The outcomes of Flores limited access and social justice against a foundation of state and local judiciary bias, and redistributed educational funding toward a flawed pedagogical strategy that segregated its ELs ( Gándara & Orfield, 2010 ; Powers, 2014 ). The Flores case serves to highlight Arizona’s commitment to Latinx discrimination long held within the state’s hegemony, reified with policy such as Senate Bill 2010 and House Bill 2010. After 21 (1992–2013) years of litigation, Flores left Arizona EL students with no explicit resolution for fiscal or pedagogical improvement ( Martinez, 2018 ).
ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ СТРУКТУРЫ ЗОН ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВ ОТ СКОРОСТИ РЕКОМБИНАЦИИ МЕЖДУ ЗОНАМИ
Authors: М. Н. Аликулов
Published: July 2020

This article researches the dependence of recombination processes that occur in semiconductors on the structure of semiconductor zones. The advantages of using faulty zonal semiconductors in the development of solar cells have been substantiated.