bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toleransi Religius, Antara Pluralisme dan Pluralitas Agama dalam Perspektif Al-Quran
Authors: Purnomo Bagus
Published: August 2020

The emergence of the violence issues concerning religious doctrine is separated from the increasing of the cases of the intolerance in Indonesia. It is for that reason that the discourse about pluralism and plurality of religion becomes the interesting topic. Briefly, the two words above have the same meaning for its similarity in their original form that is â€œPluralâ€. However, empirically, those two words have the basic difference then it is added by the word religion in the end of the word (suffix). If the plurality of religion is meant to be the variety of religions, then the meaning of pluralism changes to be the uniformity of religion which eventually arising polemic in Indonesia. Plurality of religion is an unavoidable phenomenon from God.(Sunnatullah). This writing tries to explain how the the Qurâ€™an â€œspeaksâ€ about the tolerance in the plurality of religion and the principles of religious freedom in Islamic perspective.
Tinjauan Sistem Distribusi Mushaf Al-Qurâ€™an Kementerian Agama di Jawa Timur
Authors: Jaeni Ahmad
Published: August 2020

Tulisan ini meninjau sistem distribusi mushaf Al-Qurâ€™an Kementerian Agama yang dinilai masih belum merata dan tepat sasaran, khususnya di Jawa Timur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, distribusi mushaf Al-Qurâ€™an yang selama ini dijalankan Kementerian Agama menganut sistem distribusi ganda (multi channel distribution system), yaitu sistem yang memungkinkan setiap kanal distribusi memainkan dua fungsi sekaligus, sebagai perantara dan penyalur. Meskipun cukup efektif mempercepat target proses distribusi, namun sistem ini membuka kemungkinan terjadinya sasaran distribusi yang tumpang tindih. Akibatnya, distribusi menjadi tidak merata dan tidak tepat sasaran. Dengan demikian, membuat segmentasi sasaran distribusi pada setiap kanal distribusi menjadi sebuah tawaran solusi.Kata kunci: sistem distribusi, mushaf Al-Qurâ€™an, Kementerian Agama
Menstrual Taboo dan Kontrol Sosial Perempuan Menurut Muhammad â€˜Izzah Darwazah (Studi Intertekstualitas Terhadap Al-Qurâ€™an dan Bibel)
Authors: Lestari Lenni
Published: August 2020

Menstrual taboo adalah istilah yang digunakan dalam kajian antropologi terkait dengan pengaruh menstruasi bagi perempuan dalam kehidupan sosial. Darah menstruasi dianggap darah yang tabu. Berdasarkan tradisi Yahudi, perempuan yang sedang menstruasi harus diasingkan ke tempat yang lain. Ia dilarang berinteraksi dengan keluarganya dan menyentuh masakan apapun. Kronologi turunnya ayat tentang menstruasi juga berhubungan dengan tradisi Yahudi ini. terlebih, saat ini menstrual taboo memberikan pengaruh yang cukup besar di beberapa negara, seperti India, Amerika dan beberapa provinsi di Indonesia. Salah satu mufassir yang memfokuskan kajiannya pada hubungan antara al-Qurâ€™an dan Bibel adalah Muhammad â€˜Izzah Darwazah. Dalam tafsirnya, Darwazah menjelaskan tentang menstrual taboo dalam perspektif al-Qurâ€™an dan Bibel. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang menstrual taboo menurut Darwazah. Selain itu, artikel ini juga akan menjelaskan tentang pengaruh menstrual taboo terhadap relasi antara laki-laki dan perempuan serta berusaha menangkap respon Darwazah terhadap permasalahan ini.Kata kunci: Menstrual taboo, al-Qurâ€™an, Bibel, Darwazah, Gender.
Mushaf Al-Qur'an Kuno di Bali
Authors: Sudrajat Enang
Published: August 2020

Bali adalah sebuah propinsi dari Negara Republik Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Hindu. Prtopinsi ini, terkenal sampai manca negara, bahkan saking terkenalnya sampai mengalahkan negaranya karena keindahan alamnya. Sehingga daeah ini menjadi tujuan utama para wisatawan asing ketika berkunjung ke Iondonesia.Namun mungkin banyak orang yang tidak menyangka, khususnya umat Islam kalau di Bali ini ternyata terdapat banyak naskah Islam termasuk Manuskrif Mushaf Kuno. Naskah naskah ini tersebar di beberapa tempat, dimana tempat-tempat tersebut merupakan perkampungan masyarakat Bugis (beragama Islam). Mereka menyimpan naskah-naskah tersebut sebagai peninggalan nenek moyangnya ketika berlayar dari Sulawesi karena tidak kuat menghadapi penjajah Belanda ketika itu dengan membawa naskah-naskat tersebut.
Diskursus Ulumul-Qur'an tentang Ilmu dabth dan rasm Usmani; Kritik Atas Artikel Karakteristik Diakritik Mushaf Magribi, Arab Saudi dan Indonesia
Authors: Madzkur Zaenal Arifin
Published: August 2020

Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk me-rivew beberapa konsep dalam disiplin ilmu Â¬abÂ¯ dan Rasm UÂ£mÂ±ni. Pada artikel sebelumnya dengan judul; Karakteristik Diakritik Mushaf Magribi, Arab Saudi dan Indonesia (studi Perbandingan) yang ditulis oleh Achmad Faizur Rosyad (selanjutnya penulis kedua sebut dalam artikel ini sebagai penulis pertama) terdapat beberapa teori yang hemat penulis tidak memiliki â€˜landasan akademisâ€™ terhadap disiplin keilmuan pada literatur terkait. Kajian ini sebisa mungkin akan merujuk pada sumber-sumber otoritatif dalam disiplin ilmu terkait dalam perspektif studi Ulumul-Qurâ€™an masuk pada kajian ilmu rasm dan ilmu Dhabt.

Keyword: Rasm Usmani, Tanda Diakritik dan Mushaf Al-Qurâ€™an
Terjemah Puitis Al-Qur'an di Jawa Barat: Terjemah Al-Qurâ€™an Berbentuk Puisi Guguritan dan Pupujian Sunda
Authors: Rohmana Jajang A
Published: August 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis puisi guguritan dan pupujian Sunda yang digunakan sebagai pola terjemah Al-Qurâ€™an. Keduanya merupakan puisi lokal yang dijadikan lirik tembang atau nyanyian. Guguritan dinyanyikan dengan diiringi kacapi-suling. Sedang pupujian atau nadoman merupakan nyanyian puji-pujian di pesantren dan mesjid-mesjid saat menunggu waktu shalat. Terdapat sedikitnya dua karya guguritan dan tiga karya pupujian Al-Qurâ€™an. Dengan menggunakan kajian interteks dan analisis terjemah, kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjemah puitis guguritan dan pupujian lebih kompleks dibanding terjemah puitis lain, karena sangat terikat oleh aturan metrum sehingga cenderung mengarah pada terjemah tafsiriyah. Terjemahnya tidak terlalu taat pada bahasa sumber, karena mengutamakan kaidah puisi dan pencapaian makna. Kajian ini signifikan tidak saja menunjukkan resepsi orang Sunda terhadap Al-Qurâ€™an dan sastra Arab, tetapi juga memperlihatkan komitmen orang Sunda terhadap Islam dan sastra Sunda. Sebuah upaya bagaimana orang Sunda menegosiasikan ekspresi estetiknya tentang kitab suci dengan menyerap sekaligus mempengaruhi sastra Islam ke dalam atau melalui sastra Sunda.Kata Kunci: terjemah, Al-Qurâ€™an, guguritan, pupujian, Sunda
Telaah Rasm dan Qiraat pada Al-Qur'an Kuno Bonjol dan Payakumbuh
Authors: Syatri Jonni
Published: August 2020

Dalam tulisan ini, penulis mencoba untuk mengkaji mushaf Al-Qur'an kuno yang berasal dari Bonjol dan Payakumbuh. Ada enam naskah yang menjadi objek kajian. Fokus yang akan dibahas adalah bagaimana penggunaan qiraah dan rasm pada setiap naskah. setlah dikaji, penulis menemukan bahwa lima naskah menggunakan qiraah Imam â€˜Ä€á¹£im riwayat Hafs dalam menyalin teks utamanya, dan satu naskah yang menggunakan qiraah Imam NÄfiâ€˜ riwayat QÄlÅ«n. Di samping itu, terdapat tiga naskah yang memberikan informasi ragam bacaan pada lafal-lafal tertentu. Sedangkan dalam penggunaan rasm, lima naskah menggunakan rasm campuran antara imlÄâ€™iy dan â€˜usmÄniy. Hanya satu yang murni menggunakan rasm al-â€˜usmÄniy.Kata kunci: mushaf Al-Qur'an kuno, rasm, qiraah.
Kontribusi al-Suyuti Dalam Historiografi Tafsir al-Qurâ€™an: Telaah atas Kitab Tabaqat al-Mufassirin Karya al-Suyuti
Authors: Hayati Nilda Hayati
Published: August 2020

Dalam wacana studi Al-Qurâ€™an secara umum, kajian historiografi tafsir Al-Qurâ€™an merupakan wilayah yang masih terabaikan. Sampai saat ini, upaya para sarjana untuk memetakan sejarah Al-Qurâ€™an secara komprehensif masih dilakukan. Terkait hal tersebut, beberapa literatur historiografi tafsir Al-Qurâ€™an masih menunggu untuk dieksplorasi lebih lanjut. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan kajian historiografi tafsir Al-Qurâ€™an dengan mengacu kepada kitab á¹¬abaqÄt al-MufassirÄ«n karya JalÄluddÄ«n al-SuyÅ«á¹­Ä« (1445-1505 M), seorang penulis prolifik asal Mesir. Kitab ini merupakan kamus biografis pertama yang memuat informasi sejarah para penafsir Al-Qurâ€™an. Di dalamnya termuat informasi biografis 136 penafsir yang hidup pada masa â€˜Abbasiyyah. Diawali dengan pengantar terhadap historiografi Tafsir Al-Qurâ€™an, penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisis materi sejarah yang ada dalam kitab tersebut dengan mengolahnya secara kuantitatif berdasarkan aspek-aspek tertentu yang ada di dalamnya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menjelaskan arti penting dan kontribusi kitab TabaqÄt al-MufassirÄ«n dalam khazanah studi Al-Qurâ€™an, khususnya terkait upaya untuk memetakan sebuah gambaran komprehensif sejarah tafsir Al-Qurâ€™an.

Kata kunci

Historiografi tafsir Al-Qurâ€™an, al-SuyÅ«á¹­Ä«, á¹¬abaqÄt al-MufassirÄ«n.
Tradisi Penyalinan Al-Qur'an Kuno Sumenep
Authors: Hakim Abdul
Published: August 2020

Al-Qurâ€™an kuno merupakan bukti aktualisasi masyarakat Islam Indonesia atas ajaran agamanya dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Ia merupakan produk zaman ketika dibuat. Perpaduan antara ide dan prilaku masyarakat muslim saat itu tentang Al-Qurâ€™an. Oleh karena itu, setiap Al-Qurâ€™an kuno memiliki akar sejarah dengan tempat dimana ia dibuat. Makanya, Al-Qurâ€™an kuno tidak kalah pentingnya dengan peninggalan-peninggalan bersejarah lainnya.
Continuous Risk Monitoring and Assessment: New Component of Continuous Assurance
Authors: Moon Daehyun , Krahel John Peter
Published: August 2020

We propose a methodology for Continuous Risk Monitoring and Assessment (CRMA). As a new component of Continuous Assurance (CA), CRMA converts static CA systems into dynamic and adaptable systems that respond to changes in audit risks from client business risks, thereby improving the relevance and robustness of CA systems to changes in client business risks and possible business failures. The present methodology proposes to develop relevant leading and lagging indicators to monitor and assess a client's business risks and recognize emerging business risks or harmful impacts of materialized business risks in near real time. To illustrate, we develop a lagging indicator of reputational damage measured from real time postings published in social media websites. We present two cases where the present lagging indicator is measured using public Twitter messages (“tweets”) and used to assess the potential reputational damage to two large corporations.
Simultaneous inhibition of peripheral CB1R and iNOS mitigates obesity-related dyslipidemia through distinct mechanisms
Authors: Admin Ada , Roger Célia , Buch Chloé , Muller Tania , Leemput Julia , Demizieux Laurent , Passilly-Degrace Patricia , Cinar Resat , Iyer Malliga R , Kunos George , Vergès Bruno , Degrace Pascal , Jourdan Tony
Published: August 2020

Diabetic
dyslipidemia (DD), characterized by increased plasma triglycerides (TGs) and
decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels, is a major factor
contributing to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cardiovascular risk in
type-2 diabetes. Activation of both the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) and inducible
nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are associated with NASH progression. Here, we tested
whether dual-targeting inhibition of hepatic CB1R and
iNOS improves
DD in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. DIO mice were
treated for 14 days with (S)-MRI-1867,
a peripherally-restricted hybrid inhibitor of CB1R and iNOS. (R)-MRI-1867, the CB1R-inactive stereoisomer
which retains iNOS inhibitory activity and JD-5037, a peripherally-restricted
CB1R antagonist were used to assess the relative contribution of the two
targets to the effects of (S)-MRI-1867.
(S)-MRI-1867 reduced hepatic
steatosis, the rate of hepatic VLDL secretion, upregulated hepatic LDLR
expression and reduced the circulating levels of the proprotein convertase
subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). The decrease in VLDL secretion could be
attributed to CB1R blockade while the reduction of PCSK9 levels and the related
increase in LDLR resulted from iNOS inhibition via a mTORC1-dependent mechanism.
In conclusion, this approach based on the concomitant inhibition of CB1R and
iNOS represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of
dyslipidemia.
A reduced incretin effect mediated by the rs7903146 variant in the TCF7L2 Gene is an early marker of beta-cell dysfunction in obese youth
Authors: Galderisi Alfonso , Trico Domenico , Pierpont Bridget , Shabanova Veronika , Samuels Stephanie , Man Chiara Dalla , Galuppo Brittany , Santoro Nicola , Caprio Sonia
Published: August 2020

Background. The risk genotype for the common
variant rs7903146 of the transcription factor-7-like-2
gene (TCF7L2) has been found to affect the incretin response in healthy and obese
adults, however, whether a similar functional defect is also present in obese
adolescents remains unexplored. Herein, we examined the functional effect of the rs7903146
variant in the TCF7L2 gene on the incretin effect and determined its translational metabolic manifestation by performing deep phenotyping
of the incretin system, beta-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity, the
Gastrointestinal Induced Glucose Disposal (GIGD) in obese youths with normal and impaired
glucose tolerance.

Methods Thirty nine non-diabetic obese adolescents
(15[14,18] years; BMI 37[33, 43]kg/m2) were genotyped for the rs7903146 of TCF7L2 and underwent a 3-hour
OGTT followed by an iso-glycemic intravenous glucose infusion (iso-IVGTT) to
match the plasma glucose concentrations during the OGTT and a hyperglycemic
clamp with arginine stimulation.

The incretin
effect was measured as 100*(AUC-SROGTT – AUC-SRiso-IVGTT)/AUC-SROGTT
[AUC-SR=AUC of C-peptide secretion rate]. Participants were grouped into
tertiles according to the percentage incretin effect (High-, Moderate- and Low-incretin
effect) to describe their metabolic phenotype.

Results The presence of T risk allele for TCF7L2
was associated with a markedly reduced

incretin
effect compared to the wild type genotype(0.3[-7.2,14] vs 37.8[12.5-52.4],
p<0.002) When the cohort was stratified by incretin effect, the High-, Moderate-
and Low-incretin groups did not differ with respect to anthropometric features,
while the Low-incretin group exhibited higher 1-h glucose (p=0.015), a reduced
disposition index, insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance, compared with the
High-incretin group. Gastrointestinal induced glucose disposal (GIGD) was
reduced in the Low-incretin group (p=0.001). The three groups did not differ
with respect to intravenous glucose-induced insulin secretion and arginine
response during the hyperglycemic clamp.

Conclusion A  reduced incretin effect and
its association with the TCF7L2
variant rs7903146 identify an
early metabolic phenotype in obese non-diabetic youths, featured by a higher plasma
glucose peak at 1hr, lower insulin
secretion, sensitivity and clearance, and gastrointestinal glucose disposal.
Current state of educational services provision to future masters of educational institution management
Authors: Yeromenko Olha
Published: August 2020

The article raises the topical issue of training competitive professionals capable of working under modern market conditions. The transition to market relations changes the education policy and the system of educational services provision. The professional destiny of a future manager and the success rate of an educational institution depend on the quality of providing educational services to graduate students specialised in educational institution management. The purpose of the article is to analyse the results of a survey of graduate students aimed at determining the status of educational services given within the specialty 073 "Management" (specialization "Educational Institution Management") in various higher education institutions of Ukraine. Monitoring the state of the educational services provided to graduate students majoring in educational institution management has been carried out on the basis of general scientific and empirical cognition methods: comprehensive study of quality training of master-course students, observation, survey in the form of questionnaires, analysis of graduate students’ responses, analogy. The criteria enabling graduate students to assess the quality of educational services provided by higher education institutions have been defined: the fundamental nature of training; level of knowledge and experience of teaching staff; organization of the educational process; culture and communication level of teachers; reaction of teachers and administration of higher education institution to further demands of graduate students, etc. On the basis of the analysis and generalisation of the processed material, the basic demands of master-course students majoring in educational institution management for increase in the level of educational services have been defined: decrease in theorising of educational material; practice orientation; increase in the use of interactive teaching methods by teachers; expansion of the list of optional courses; increase in opportunities for individual counselling at a convenient time; involvement of leading specialists, experts, experienced educational institution managers in teaching; improvement of facilities and resources of an institution; increase in the level of additional educational services provision in higher education institutions. According to the results of the study, it has been concluded that it is necessary to establish a flexible system of training master-course students majoring in educational institution management.
The Effect of Slow Deep Breathing Exercise on Headache and Vital Sign in Hypertension Patients
Authors: Aritonang Yanti Anggraini
Published: August 2020

Prevalence hypertension was estimated 1.13 billion people in the world and 2.027.006 (20.0%) people in DKI Jakarta. Headache was a common symptom related to high blood pressure levels. Slow Deep Breathing Exercise was non pharmacological therapy to reduce consumption of oxygen, metabolism, frequency of respiration, frequency of heart, muscle tension and blood pressure. This research was a pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design and the respondents performed slow deep breathing exercise fourth time in one day during fourth days. Before and after intervention, the respondents measured vital sign and assessed headache scale with subjective and objective (a numerical scale 1-10). The number of samples in this study were 30 respondents who were selected by probability random sampling and were included in the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Research time December 2019-January 2020 at UKI General Hospital and Cawang District Health Center, East Jakarta. The results showed differences before and after Slow Deep Breathing Exercise on the decrease in headache scale with p-value = 0.000 and on the decrease in blood pressure with p-value = 0.000 and on the pulse rate of 0.014, breathing frequency 0.008 and temperature 0.000 (<0.001). Before intervension, patients feels headache on 7 scale and after intervention, respondents felt no headache on 0 scale. Conclusion are Slow Deep Breathing Exercise have an effect to reduce headache scale and vital sign for four days . The suggestion for the nurse teachs Slow Deep Breathing Exercise to hypertensive patients so that patients can do these exercises at home as an independent exercise.
Pemanfaatan Kolagen Laut dalam Sistem Penghantaran Obat
Authors: Nining Nining
Published: August 2020

Kolagen laut atau marine collagen merupakan biomaterial yang memiliki potensi besar dalam pemanfaatannya di bidang farmasi karena keberlimpahannya di alam. Penelitian mengenai sistem penghantaran obat dengan carrier kolagen laut telah banyak diteliti dan dilaporkan. Artikel ini merupakan review mengenai studi yang dilakukan dalam pemanfaatan kolagen laut dalam berbagai sistem penghantaran obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui pencarian data jurnal nasional maupun internasional dengan menggunakan mesin pencari berupa Google, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed dan lainnya. Berdasarkan sumbernya, kolagen laut dikasifikasikan menjadi dua yaitu kolagen yang berasal dari invertebrata dan vertebrata. Biomaterial ini memiliki karakteristik yang unik dari segi kimia, fisika, dan biologi. Sistem penghantaran yang telah dikembangkan dan dilaporkan berupa sistem partikulat, film, gel dan hidrogel, enteric-coating tablet, serta sponge. Pengembangan sistem penghantaran obat lainnya dengan kolagen yang bersumber dari keanekaragaman hayati perikanan dan kelautan Indonesia menjadi peluang dan tantangan di masa yang akan datang.
“El orden del saber histórico en materiales educativos digitales”
Authors: Andrade Gisela , Carnevale María Gabriela , Massone Marisa
Published: August 2020

Las transformaciones de la cultura digital trajeron a las aulas materiales educativos en los que se combinan códigos verbales, icónicos fijos o en movimiento y sonidos. El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que puso en el centro a los materiales escolares digitales que circulan en las clases de historia. Cuál es el orden del saber histórico que se pone en juego en ellos es el eje de análisis desplegado en cuatro dimensiones: saber historiográfico; vínculos entre historia y pedagogía; autorías; formatos. Una indagación necesaria para comprender los nuevos rumbos que se perfilan en la enseñanza de la historia.
“Adiós querida mía, adiós tesoro”. Las acciones comunicativas de los suicidas apasionados en Buenos Aires durante el último tercio del siglo XIX
Authors: Arroyo Julián
Published: August 2020

En el presente trabajo abordamos, desde una perspectiva histórica y sociocultural, un conjunto de casos de suicidio ocurridos en la ciudad de Buenos Aires durante el último tercio del siglo XIX, con el fin de analizar las acciones comunicativas llevadas adelante en las narraciones asociadas con pasiones románticas, sentimientos amorosos y conflictos conyugales. En este sentido, nos proponemos mostrar que si bien hubo acciones que buscaban generar dolor y pesar, también había otras que estaban orientadas a preservar la memoria del suicida entre los otros significativos.
Medios audiovisuales en el centro-sudeste bonaerense
Authors: Iturralde María Eugenia
Published: August 2020

En el artículo se aborda la implementación de políticas de la comunicación en Azul, en Olavarría y en Tandil, en el período 1922-1983, como aporte a la historia regional de los medios y a las reflexiones en torno de la federalización de la producción audiovisual. Desde una perspectiva situada en ciudades medias, se ponen en diálogo algunas de las principales hipótesis o generalizaciones sostenidas por los estudios de políticas de comunicación, a partir de tomar como referencia teórica y metodológica trabajos sobre políticas públicas provenientes de la ciencia política.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL ATAS PEMBAJAKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Matompo Osgar Sahim
Published: August 2020

Hak Kekayaan Intelektual sebenarnya bukanlah suatu hal yang baru di Indonesia. Sejak zaman pemerintahan Hindia Belanda, Indonesia telah mempunyai Undang undang tentang HKI yang sebenarnya merupakan pemberlakuan peraturan Perundang undangan pemerintah Hindia Belanda yang berlaku di Negeri Belanda, di berlakukan di  Indonesia sebagai negara jajahan Belanda. Pada masa itu bidang HKI mendapat pengakuan baru 3 (tiga) bidang HKI, yaitu Hak Cipta, Merek Dagang dan Industri, serta Hak Paten. Perkembangan Teknologi pada saat ini sangat melekat erat dalam kehidupan masyarakat dimana masyarakat menjadi sangat tergantung akan teknologi, yang berdampak positif dan negative, adapun dampak negatife dalam permasalahan HKI adalah banyaknya pembajakan yang terjadi di Indonesia, adapun bentuk perlindungan hukum Undang-undang Nomor 24 tahun 2014 atas Pembajakan hak cipta di Indonesia.
Lína langsokkur sterkust í öllum heiminum – Astrid Lindgren í heimi skólans
Authors: Finnbogason Gunnar E.
Published: August 2020

Meginmarkmið þessarar greinar er að benda á leiðir fyrir kennara og aðra uppalendur sem vilja bæta lesskilning barna og ungmenna með því að ræða um það sem lesið er. Bókin og upplifun af lestri er einn lykillinn að tungumálinu og tungumálið er ein mikilvægasta forsenda náms. Fullorðnir, og þar á meðal kennarar, geta aðstoðað barnið við að læra og þroska tungumálið með því m.a. að tala við það, lesa fyrir það, hlusta þegar það les sjálft og ræða um það sem lesið er. Allt þetta getur aukið lesskilning. Markmið bókmenntalesturs með nemendum er að fá þá til að velta fyrir sér þeim tilfinningum sem textinn kallar fram, finna tengingar sem textinn býður upp á og ræða viðbrögðin sem textinn vekur. Með samtali við fullorðið fólk og önnur börn öðlast barnið þekkingu á ýmsu, svo sem: sjálfu sér, nánasta umhverfi, náttúru og öðrum manneskjum. Í samtalinu læra þau að beita tungumálinu og deila upplifunum og þannig öðlast þau reynslu sem er forsenda þess að skapa félagsleg tengsl og þróa samkennd og vináttu. Þessir færniþættir eru mjög í anda grunnþátta íslenskra námskráa, eins og læsis, lýðræðis, mannréttinda og jafnréttis. Hér er einnig fjallað um þær uppeldis- og menntahugmyndir sem hafa haft áhrif á sögur Astrid Lindgren um Línu. Í greininni verða tekin dæmi, aðallega samtöl, úr bókum Astridar Lindgren um Línu langsokk, til að sýna hvernig vinna má með textana til að kveikja umræður meðal barna og unglinga. Í sögunum eru margar áhugaverðar kringumstæður þar sem tilvistarlegar og siðferðilegar spurningar vakna í samskiptum barna og í samskiptum þeirra við heim hinna fullorðnu. Val á texta til að vinna með réðst m.a. af því að Lína langsokkur hefur skemmt börnum í gegnum tíðina og mörg þeirra hafa samsamað sig þessari óstýrilátu persónu.
Laxdæla sem fóður fyrir gagnrýna hugsun
Authors: Jónsson Ólafur Páll
Published: August 2020

Fornbókmenntir gefa tilefni til margvíslegra rökræðna um flókin álitamál af ýmsu tagi og henta því ágætlega til að þjálfa nemendur í gagnrýninni hugsun. Ritverk eins og Laxdæla saga er raunar sérstaklega ákjósanlegt sem tæki til að þjálfa gagnrýna hugsun grunnskólanema. Fjallað er um tvær hliðar þessa máls; sú fyrri er heimspekileg og varðar sjálfa hugmyndina um gagnrýna hugsun, sú síðari er verkleg og lýtur að veruleika ofhlaðins skóla sem þarf að sinna ótal viðfangsefnum á sama tíma, hefur takmörkuð námsgögn, býr við mjög stýrt skipulag, og hefur yfir að ráða kennurum sem hafa ekki endilega pælt mikið í gagnrýninni hugsun.Gagnrýnin hugsun er færni sem gerir ráð fyrir tilteknum vitsmunadygðum, siðferðisdygðum og verknaðardygðum. Þjálfun í gagnrýninni hugsun fellur þannig innan þess sem kallað hefur verið skapgerðarmenntun eða mannkostamenntun (e. character education). En hefur Laxdæla einhverja kosti fram yfir aðrar bókmenntir sem kennsluefni í gagnrýninni hugsun? Svar við þessari spurningu lýtur að verklegri hlið viðfangsefnisins. Laxdæla hefur verið lesin í skólum í fjölmörg ár og er líkleg til að halda þeirri stöðu í náinni framtíð. Gera má söguna að námsefni skóla án þess að leggja eitthvað nýtt inn í skólastarfið, raunhæft er að búa til stuðningsefni án þess að það úreldist á skömmum tíma, skólar eru líklegir til að eiga bekkjarsett af bókinni, kennarar kannast við söguna og vitað er hvaða aldurshópur ræður við hana. Þessa kosti hefur Laxdæla umfram margar aðrar bækur. Auk þess er sagan margræð og fjallar um málefni sem brenna á ungmennum; hún fjallar um vináttu, trúmennsku, heiðarleika, sáttfýsi og samskipti, og líka um hatur, sviksemi, lygar og blekkingar, óheiðarleika, heift og hefnigirni.Ef saga eins og Laxdæla er lesin sem opið tilboð um samræður um dygðir og lesti hefur það áhrif á stöðu kennarans. Annars vegar er kennarinn sérfræðingur sem þekkir söguna, velur orð og hugtök sem notuð eru til að opna söguna, stýrir yfirferð og skilgreinir þau verkefni sem eru unnin. Á hinn bóginn býr kennarinn ekki yfir „hinni réttu túlkun“ eða „veit hvert rétta svarið er“ heldur er hann jafningi nemenda í þeim pælingum sem sagan gefur tilefni til. Ein leið til að komast út úr einhliða miðlun í kennslu yfir í gagnrýnar samræður er að taka skáldverk, sem kalla á róttæka túlkun og þar sem enginn endir er á þeim spurningum sem kunna að vakna, og nálgast það sem opið tilboð um samræðu.
Relationship of MDR1 gene polymorphism and P-glycoprotein expression in Chinese refractory lupus nephritis
Authors: Zhou Jun , Lin Hua , Chen Ju
Published: August 2020

To evaluate the association of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) polymorphism and the expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in Chinese refractory lupus nephritis (LN) patients. Polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing was used to analyze MDR1 polymorphism. The genotype distribution of MDR1 polymorphism in 132 SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) patients was evaluated. ELISA was used to measure the expression of Pgp. Relationship among Pgp expression, MDR1 polymorphism, SLEDAI (SLE disease activity index), and kidney pathological score was analyzed by using One-way ANOVA and Pearson linear correlation. The frequency distribution of the MDR1 gene was consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Compared with CT and CC, patients with T/T homozygote in MDR1 C3435T had significantly increased Pgp expression in the refractory group (p < 0.05). Additionally, SLEDAI score was positively correlated with Pgp expression (r = 0.481, p < 0.05). Also, Pgp expression was positively correlated with renal pathological activity index (r = 0.76, p < 0.05). MDR1 C3435T polymorphism is significantly associated with Pgp expression in patients with refractory LN. Pgp expression is closely related to SLEDAI and renal pathological score. Thus, Pgp may be useful in evaluation of the prognosis of patients with refractory LN.
Family‐related demands, positive orientation, coping strategies and family satisfaction: A mediation model
Authors: Suta Joana M.
Published: August 2020

This study investigates how gradual social change may affect subjective well‐being (SWB) in the family domain, for example how it impacts family satisfaction. Individuals are active agents who use personal resources and coping strategies to protect their SWB from the effects of social change. Specifically, we predict that family demands affect SWB negatively, whereas positive orientation and coping strategies have a protective role. In a sample of 261 young Italian adults, family‐demands associated with social changes were found to have negative effects that could only be reduced from having a positive orientation. Furthermore, confirming the motivational theory of lifespan development, problem‐focused strategies were beneficial for family satisfaction to the extent that they represent an adaptation response to demands associated with social changes.
Nghiên cứu mô hình ảnh hưởng của hành vi tổ chức dự án đến chất lượng đạt được của các công trình xây dựng cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông tại Việt Nam
Authors: Nguyễn Lương Hải
Published: August 2020

Bài báo nhằm làm rõ mô hình ảnh hưởng của các hành vi tổ chức dự án đến chất lượng đạt được của các công trình xây dựng cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông tại Việt Nam. Thông qua việc phân tích tổng quan và sự vận dụng các đặc điểm của tổ chức dự án xây dựng, các chỉ tiêu đo lường hành vi tổ chức dự án được đề xuất. Phân tích nhân tốt khám phá và phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính được sử dụng để mô phỏng mô hình tiên lượng trên cơ sở số liệu khảo sát thu thập từ 185 dự án xây dựng cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông tại Việt Nam. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy các hành vi tổ chức dự án ảnh hưởng rất có ý nghĩa thống kê đến chất lượng đạt được, cung cấp bằng chứng khoa học trong việc thực hiện các giải pháp nhằm cải thiện chất lượng công trình xây dựng cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông tại Việt Nam.
Mô phỏng ảnh hưởng của đặc trưng hình học và tỷ lệ thể tích của cốt sợi tới tính chất đàn hồi của composite gia cường cốt sợi
Authors: Trần Anh Tuấn , Nguyễn Đình Hải
Published: August 2020

Trong nghiên cứu này, ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ kích thước (l/d – chiều dài/đường kính sợi) và tỷ lệ thể tích (Vf) của cốt sợi phân tán đến tính chất đàn hồi tổng thể của composite gia cường cốt sợi (FRC) sẽ được mô phỏng bằng một mô hình đồng nhất hoá vật liệu được đề xuất bởi Mori - Tanaka dựa trên nghiệm của bài toán Eshelby cho hạt hình elip tròn xoay khi phân bố và hướng của sợi là ngẫu nhiên. Cụ thể sẽ mô hình sẽ được áp dụng để tính cho trường hợp sợi có dạng trụ trơn thẳng với các tỷ lệ l/d lần lượt là 1.1; 5, 10, 30, 50, và 100. Năm hàm lượng sợi tính theo tỷ lệ thể tích khác nhau là 1; 5; 10; 20 và 30% sẽ được đưa vào tính toán. Kết quả giải tích thu được bằng các mô hình đồng nhất hoá sẽ được so sánh với các biên Voigt- Reuss để chứng minh tính khả dụng của mô hình.
Nghiên cứu độ dốc dọc hợp lý trong thiết kế hình học cầu vượt cho xe máy khu vực gần trường học
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Hậu , Phạm Tất Thắng
Published: August 2020

Nội dung bài báo này đề cập đến lựa chọn độ dốc dọc hợp lý đối với các cầu vượt dân sinh tại các khu vực dân cư gần trường học. Tại Việt Nam, việc sử dụng phương tiện xe gắn máy có công suất nhỏ cho học sinh Trung học phổ thông (THPT) rất phổ biến. Lựa chọn độ dốc dọc cầu nào phù hợp là chưa có tiêu chuẩn thiết kế cũng như chưa có nghiên cứu đánh giá phù hợp cho loại phương tiện này. Trong khi đó, các cầu dân sinh phục vụ giao thông nội bộ sử dụng xe mô tô của các vùng dân cư và có liên quan tới các trường học ngày càng trở nên phổ biến. Độ dốc dọc cầu là yếu tố hình học quan trọng ảnh hưởng đến chiều dài cầu và kéo theo là giá thành công trình cầu. Các loại xe gắn máy có công suất nhỏ mà học sinh THPT sử dụng phổ biến tại Việt Nam được tổng hợp và thống kê với các công suất tương ứng nhằm tìm ra độ dốc dọc cho cầu vượt dân sinh hợp lý. Trên cơ sở phân tích công suất của các phương tiện này, năng lực vượt dốc lớn các xe gắn máy công suất nhỏ được khảo sát và tính toán để xác định được độ dốc dọc hợp lý cho công trình khi đối tượng học sinh THPT chiếm phần lớn. Nội dung nghiên cứu cũng khảo sát hai cầu dân sinh phục vụ tải trọng xe máy để đánh giá sự phù hợp của độ dốc dọc trên thực tế.
Đánh giá hiệu quả tiết kiệm năng lượng và giảm phát thải khí nhà kính của công nghệ bê tông asphalt tái chế ấm
Authors: Đào Văn Đông , Lư Thị Yến , Nguyễn Ngọc Lân
Published: August 2020

Hiện nay ở Việt Nam hầu hết các công nghệ vật liệu mặt đường sử dụng nguồn vật liệu không tái tạo (cốt liệu và nhựa đường) để sản xuất hỗn hợp bê tông asphalt nóng (Hot Mix Asphalt - HMA). Trong khi đó, ở các quốc gia phát triển như Mỹ, Châu Âu, Nhật Bản có xu hướng thay thế công nghệ bê tông asphalt nóng bằng công nghệ bê tông asphalt ấm (Warm Mix Asphalt - WMA) kết hợp với vật liệu mặt đường tái chế (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement - RAP). Hỗn hợp WMA được chế tạo và thi công ở nhiệt độ thấp hơn so với HMA, vì vậy làm giảm mức tiêu thụ năng lượng và giảm phát thải các khí nhà kính vào môi trường. Việc thay thế một phần cốt liệu và nhựa đường mới bằng RAP cho phép giảm nhu cầu đối với các loại tài nguyên thiên nhiên không tái tạo. Bài báo trình bày kết quả tính toán nhu cầu tiêu thụ năng lượng và phát thải khí nhà kính (CO2, N2O và CH4) trong quá trình sản xuất hỗn hợp bê tông asphalt tái chế ấm (Warm Mix with RAP - WMRAP) và so sánh với hỗn hợp HMA. Phụ gia Zycotherm được lựa chọn cho công nghệ WMRAP với tỷ lệ sử dụng là 0.15 %. Các tỷ lệ vật liệu RAP từ 20% đến 50% được sử dụng trong hỗn hợp WMRAP. Kết quả tính toán cho thấy, công nghệ WMRAP có lợi ích về môi trường hơn so với công nghệ HMA. Cụ thể, quá trình sản xuất hỗn hợp WMRAP tiết kiệm nhu cầu năng lượng từ 15.9÷29.9% và giảm phát thải khí nhà kính từ 13.8÷25.9% tùy thuộc vào hàm lượng RAP sử dụng. Khi hàm lượng RAP tăng thì các lợi ích về môi trường càng rõ rệt hơn.
Reinvestigation of a Critical Reductive Amination Step Leads to an Optimized Protocol for the Synthesis of N-2-Hydroxybenzylcysteine Peptide Crypto-Thioesters
Authors: Abboud Skander , AUCAGNE Vincent
Published: August 2020

An in-depth study of the Fmoc-based solid phase peptide synthesis of N-Hnb-Cys crypto-thioester peptides, advantageous building blocks for the native chemical ligation-based synthesis of proteins, led to the identification of epimerized and imidazolidinone side products formed during a key reductive amination step. The understanding of the underlying reaction mechanisms was crucial for the developement of an automatable optimized synthetic protocol.
A Single-Step Synthesis of Azetidine-3-Amines
Authors: Wang Brian J , Duncton Matthew
Published: August 2020

The azetidine group is frequently encountered within contemporary medicinal chemistry where it is viewed as a privileged structure. However, the introduction of an azetidine can be synthetically challenging. Herein, a straight-forward one step synthesis of azetidine-3-amines, starting from a bench stable, commercial material is presented. The reaction tolerates functional groups commonly encountered in biological-, medicinal- and agro-chemistry, and proceeds in moderate-to-high yield with secondary amines, and moderate-to-low yield with primary amines. The methodology compares favorably to recent alternative procedures and can be utilized in “any-stage” functionalization, including late-stage azetidinylation of approved drugs and other compounds with pharmacological activity.
Ensemble Generalized Kohn-Sham Theory: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Authors: Gould Tim , Kronik Leeor
Published: August 2020

Two important extensions of Kohn-Sham (KS) theory are generalized KS theory and ensemble KS theory. The former allows for non-multiplicative potential operators and greatly facilitates practical calculations with advanced, orbital-dependent functionals. The latter allows for quantum ensembles and enables the treatment of, e.g., open systems and excited states. Here, we combine the two extensions, both formally and practically, first via an exact yet complicated formalism, then via a computationally tractable variant that involves a controlled approximation of ensemble "ghost interactions" by means of an approach inspired by optimized effective potential theory. The resulting formalism is illustrated using selected examples. This opens the door to the application of generalized KS theory in more challenging quantum scenarios and to the improvement of ensemble theories for the purpose of practical and accurate calculations.
Engineering Porosity Through Defects in a Giant Pore Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Sapnik Adam , Johnstone Duncan , Collins Sean M. , Divitini Giorgio , Bumstead Alice , Ashling Christopher , Chater Philip A. , Johnson Tim , Keen David A. , Bennett Thomas
Published: August 2020

Defect engineering is a powerful tool that can be used to tailor the properties of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Here, we incorporate defects through ball milling to systematically vary the porosity of the giant pore MOF, MIL-100 (Fe). We show that milling leads to the breaking of metal–linker bonds, generating more coordinatively unsaturated metal sites, and ultimately causes amorphisation. Pair distribution function analysis shows the hierarchical local structure is partiallyretained, even in the amorphised material. We find that the solvent toluene stabilises the MIL-100 (Fe) framework against collapse and leads to a substantial rentention of porosity over the non-stabilised material.
Spectroscopic Signature and Structure of Active Centers in Ziegler-Natta Polymerization Catalysts revealed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
Authors: Ashuiev Anton , Humbert Matthieu , Norsic Sebastien , Blahut Jan , Gajan David , Searles Keith , Klose Daniel , Lesage Anne , Pintacuda Guido , Raynaud Jean , Copéret Christophe , Jeschke Gunnar
Published: August 2020

Despite decades of extensive studies, the atomic-scale structure of active sites in heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta (ZN) catalysts remains elusive and a matter of debate. Here, the structure of polymerization ZN catalysts is elucidated from magnetic resonance experiments carried out on samples reacted with increasing amounts of BCl3 so as to enhance the concentration of active sites and observe clear spectroscopic signatures. Notably, we show that EPR and NMR spectroscopy of the activated ZN catalysts enables to observe paramagnetic species whose amount increases in conjunction with the catalytic activity. The joint application of 2D HYSCORE experiments and DFT calculations reveals the presence of bimetallic alkyl-Ti(III),Al complexes that are assigned to the catalytic centers of MgCl2-supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts
Awareness and perception of precautionary measures against Covid 19 exposure among dental practitioners- A questionnaire based study
Authors: Harini P  , Abilasha R
Published: August 2020

The most unexpected pandemic global outbreak is COVID 19 which is a newly discovered viral infection which originated in Wuhan, China and it caused the outbreak of pneumonia in the rest of the world. Dental practitioners are more susceptible to COVID 19 infection as their work is related to the aerosol formation during various procedures through which the virus spreads. The aim of the study is to create awareness about precautionary measures against COVID- 19 exposure among dental practitioners in Tamilnadu. A Survey based questionnaire was formulated with questions related to the various precautionary measures to be adopted by dental practitioners which would be effective to prevent Covid-19 exposure. A questionnaire with a total of 20 questions was circulated among dental practitioners and the responses were collected by google forms SPSS software statistical analysis was done. The overall awareness of dental practitioners against Covid-19 was above average. The dental practitioners were relatively well aware of the precautions to be adopted while treating the patients, but the implementation in practice is lacking due absence of hands-on experience in using various kinds of PPE. There is a gap between knowledge and attitude and practice among the participants of this survey. It is therefore essential to plan for organising training sessions and hands-on workshops for the use of PPE and public training of the general population regarding Covid-19 to improve the knowledge among the patients visiting the dental clinic as well.
Client’s Effort in Intervening State’s Financial Audit Result: Grounded-Theory Approach
Authors: Ikbal Muhammad
Published: August 2020

This paper draws its conclusions using an inductive approach. We find interesting symptoms in the field related to clients' efforts to influence audit opinion in the public financial audit process in various regions in Indonesia. For the purpose of inductive reasoning, we use a grounded theory approach as a tool for analysis and for drawing conclusions. Our findings are that there are at least seven ways and efforts taken by clients to intervene with the audit decisions made by BPK, and thus we eventually formulate a theory that the audit system in the government requiring interaction between the auditee, in this case the financial management apparatus and the BPK auditor, gives birth to a communication. This communication is used by the auditee to influence the results of the audit. The research implication is that there are ways for auditors to prevent clients from misusing the opportunities to influence audit result.
Individualized Excel-Based Exams to Prevent Students from Cheating
Authors: Suryani Ani Wilujeng
Published: August 2020

The COVID19 pandemic has brought a disruption on education, especially on how courses are delivered in higher education. Higher education providers are forced to go online, irrespective of the IT infrastructure’s availability and the capability of lecturers in delivering online courses. While online learning is perceived as an opportunity for academic integrity breaches, academicians need to ensure that processes are in place to avoid students cheating, especially during the exam. This paper presents an innovative approach based on Excel spreadsheet that allows lecturers to develop individualised exam questions. The method and/or accounting policy, as well as the accounting figures in the exams are automatically tailored based on students’ identification numbers. This program also allows automatic markings for such exams. This type of exam is not perceived complicated by students; but relatively reduce the opportunity to cheat. Hence, it is suggested to be used in the future online exam environment to increase the objectivity of the exam and reliability in exam marking.
Characteristics of Notched High Strength Materials Under Tension, Torsion and Impact Loading.
Authors: Abdulkareem Sulaiman , Busari Ridwan , Fashola Lateef , Madu Ikechukwu
Published: August 2020

High carbon steel (AISI 1065) and stainless steel (AISI 304) are high strength materials that are mostly used as wear resistance materials because of there high hardness and toughness. These two materials are widely used for applications in which high strength, hardness and wear resistance are required, these requirement are fund in cutting tools, springs and surgical instruments. Nevertheless, the presence of notch in these materials do affect their service life. This paper reports on the characteristics of notched high carbon steel and stainless steel materials investigated under tensile, torsion and impact loads. The behaviour of the materials were examined under different notch parameters of angle 30°, 45° and 60° and notch base radius of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. The tensile, torsion and impact test samples were prepared according to ASTM E8M, ASTM F383-15 and ASTM E23-16b  respectively. Examination on the tensile and torsion tests were carried out on Testometric Universal Testing Machine (TUTM), while Avery-Denison Izod impact testing machine was used for impact test. The results obtained for the two materials showed that there is increase in absorption energy and resistance to twisting failure as notch tip radius and notch angle increase.
Detección del gen de fusión CBFB-MYH11/INV (16) en paciente con leucemia aguda mielomonocítica
Authors: Campoverde-Cisneros Manuel Alfredo , Chiang-Wong Héctor , Arcentales-Cayamcela Mauro Javier
Published: August 2020

Contexto: La leucemia aguda mielomonocítica es un subtipo de leucemia mieloide aguda por la presencia de la inversión del cromosoma 16 que provoca la formación de un gen de fusión denominado CBFB-MYH11. Objetivo: Detectar la presencia de este gen fusion es crítico en el diagnóstico de esta patología. Con este caso se busca consolidar la implementación de una prueba molecular altamente sensible y específica para la detección del gen CBFB-MYH11. Metodología: A partir de sangre periférica se extrajo el ARN del paciente diagnosticado con leucemia mieloide aguda. Se realizó RT-PCR anidada para la detección de CBFB-MYH11 adaptado al protocolo preestablecido. Resultados: Se acoplo y estandarizo el método para detectar mediante RT-PCR el gen de fusion CBFB-MYH11. Mediante esta técnica se logró identificar la inversión del cromosoma 16 en el caso de estudio. Conclusiones: El resultado coincide con otras investigaciones previas. La detección de esta y otras aberraciones cromosómicas mediante pruebas moleculares permite tomar decisiones terapéuticas cruciales para mejorar el pronóstico y la calidad de vida del paciente.
Kombinasi Damerau Levenshtein dan Jaro-Winkler Distance Untuk Koreksi Kata Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Indriyono Bonifacius Vicky
Published: August 2020

Writing is one of the efforts made by the writer to express ideas and ideas to others. But sometimes when writing, there are many errors in typing spelling, especially English spelling, resulting in errors in capturing the meaning and meaning of the writing. To overcome this problem, we need a system that can detect word spelling errors. Damerau Levenshtein and Jaro Winkler Distance Algorithms are algorithms that can be used as a solution to detect English typing errors. From the test results, it can be concluded that the Damerau Levenshtein and Jaro-Winkler Distance are able to optimally detect word mismatches and look for similarities of words compared. The Damerau Levenshtein Distance works by finding the smallest distance value, while the Jaro-Winkler Distance works by finding the greatest proximity value of the string being compared. Using this algorithm, errors in writing the spelling of words can be minimized.

 

Keywords— Algorithm; Damerau Levenshtein; Jaro Winkler; Spelling Cheker; String Matching.