Abstract S5-04: A large prospectively-designed study of the DCIS score: Predicting recurrence risk after local excision for ductal carcinoma in situ patients with and without irradiation
Authors: Rakovitch Eileen , Nofech-Mozes Sharon , Hanna Wedad , Baehner Frederick L , Saskin Refik , Butler Steven M , Tuck Alan , Sengupta Sandip , Elavathil Leela , Jani Prashant A , Bonin Michel , Chang Martin C , Slodkowska Elzbieta , Anderson Joseph M , Jamshidian Farid , Cherbavaz Diana B , Shak Steven , Paszat Lawerence 
Published: May 2015

Background: DCIS patients need better tools to align the aggressiveness of treatment with the aggressiveness of their disease. The DCIS Score (DS) was validated as a predictor of ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR; DCIS or invasive) in 327 E5194 patients treated by breast-conserving surgery (BCS) without radiation (RT) (Solin,2013). This Ontario population based DCIS study of 3335 women with DCIS from 1994 to 2003 (Rakovitch,2013) was conducted to test the DCIS Score as a predictor of recurrence risk in patients treated with BCS alone and in patients treated with BCS+RT.

Methods: REMARK guidelines were followed. Breast pathologists centrally reviewed all H&E slides. The Oncotype DX DCIS Score was obtained by standardized quantitative RT-PCR using fixed paraffin embedded tumor. The pre-specified primary objective was to determine the relationship (hazard ratio (HR)/50 units) between the risk of an IBR and the continuous DS (using Cox models) in patients treated with BCS alone with ER+ tumors and clear margins (CM, no ink on tumor).

Results: Tumor blocks were collected for 1569 patients (47% of parent cohort); 718 received BCS without RT (N=571 with CM) and 846 received BCS+RT (N=689 with CM). Median follow-up was 9.4 years. Among 1260 pts with CM, 100 pts treated with BCS alone had an IBR (DCIS, N=44; invasive, N=57); 86 pts treated with BCS+RT had an IBR (DCIS, N=32; invasive, N=55). In the primary analysis, among 571 patients treated by BCS alone with CM the continuous DS was significantly associated with IBR in ER+ patients (HR 2.26; 95%CI 1.41,3.59; P=0.001) and in all patients (HR 2.15; 95%CI 1.43,3.22; P=&lt;0.001). The DS was also associated with invasive IBR (HR 1.78; 95%CI 1.03,3.05; P=0.04); similar but non-significant results were noted in the ER+ subgroup (P=0.08). Among 689 pts with CM treated by BCS+RT, the DS was associated with IBR (HR 2.78; 95%CI 1.77,4.41; P=&lt;0.001). There was no interaction between the DS and RT (P=0.40). In multivariable analysis for IBR in CM cases, the HR/50 units for the DCIS Score among patients treated with BCS alone was 1.80(95%CI 1.17,2.74; P=0.008) and 2.86(95%CI 1.79,4.62, P=&lt;0.001) for those treated with BCS+RT adjusting for multifocality, tumor size and age.

Conclusions: DCIS Score quantifies recurrence risk for DCIS patients treated by BCS with or without RT. Integrating the DCIS Score with established risk factors, such as multifocality, age, and tumor size, can help identify DCIS patients treated with BCS alone with low 10 year risk (&lt;10%) of recurrence and those who still have high 10 year risk of recurrence despite RT who may be candidates for more aggressive treatment.

 BCS Alone, CMBCS with RT, CMDCIS Score Risk Group10-Yr Kaplan-Meier IBR Rate (95%CI)10-Yr Kaplan-Meier IBR Rate (95%CI) All patients (N=571)Unifocal DCIS (N=457)All patients (N=689)Multifocal DCIS (N=177)Low (&lt;39)12.7% (9.5%,16.9%) N=3559.7% (6.8%,13.8%) N=2987.5% (4.9%,11.2%) N=3329.8% (4.6%,20.1%) N=91Int (39-54)33.0% (23.6%,44.8%) N=9527.1% (17.7%,40.2%) N=7213.6% (8.6%,21.2%) N=15520.6% (10.3%,38.7%) N=37High (&gt;55)27.8% (20.0%,37.8%) N=12127.0% (18.2%,38.9%) N=8720.5% (15.1%,27.5%) N=20233.3% (21.9%,48.5%) N=49Log rank P-value&lt;0.001&lt;0.001&lt;0.001&lt;0.001

Citation Format: Eileen Rakovitch, Sharon Nofech-Mozes, Wedad Hanna, Frederick L Baehner, Refik Saskin, Steven M Butler, Alan Tuck, Sandip Sengupta, Leela Elavathil, Prashant A Jani, Michel Bonin, Martin C Chang, Elzbieta Slodkowska, Joseph M Anderson, Farid Jamshidian, Diana B Cherbavaz, Steven Shak, Lawerence Paszat. A large prospectively-designed study of the DCIS score: Predicting recurrence risk after local excision for ductal carcinoma in situ patients with and without irradiation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr S5-04.