bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cluster analysis to understand the spatial variation of ocean waves in low energy systems
Authors: Baghbani Ramin , Linhoss Anna , Osorio Raul , Shahidzadehasadi Mehrzad
Published: July 2024

Understanding the spatial variation in ocean waves is critical for planning for erosion and infrastructure projects. The objectives of this study were to 1) perform a cluster analysis to categorize the behavior of wave climate over space and 2) determine the important drivers affecting spatial variations of wave climate in a low energy, fetch limited environment. In this study, 29 wave gauges were deployed between in Back Bay Biloxi, Mississippi. Raw pressure and processed wave height and period were clustered using two algorithms for calculating the similarity between timeseries data: Euclidian and Dynamic Time Warping. The Euclidean algorithm was applied to raw and processed data. However, due to the computationally expensive nature of Dynamic Time Warping, this algorithm could not be used on raw pressure data and was only applied to processed wave data. Therefore, three combinations of distance algorithms and data were compared to find the most effective way of clustering wave gauges over time and space: 1) Euclidean algorithm on raw pressure data, 2) Euclidean algorithm on processed wave height data, and 3) Dynamic Time Warping algorithm on processed wave height data. Results from this study reveal that the dendrogram trees of the Euclidean and Dynamic Time Warping algorithms on processed data are similar, where most of the wave gauges fall in one cluster. Conversely, the Euclidian algorithm on the raw pressure data resulted in wave gauges being slightly more evenly distributed between the clusters. Additionally, the Euclidean algorithm on the raw pressure data showed that water depth has an important influence on wave clustering and therefore, wave behavior.
Bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and associated factors among patients with otitis media referred to Nekemte Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory Center, Western Ethiopia: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Guteta Endalu , Abdi Fedasan , Gizaw Seifu , Merkeb Belay , Sileshi Betrearon , Feyisa Hunduma , Bekele Tadese
Published: July 2024

Background
Otitis media is among the leading causes of illnesses responsible for causing hearing problems and adding significant costs to the public health system. Bacteria are the most common causative agents for otitis media. Currently, there is little information on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogenic bacterial isolates from patients with otitis media in Ethiopia.
Methodology
A laboratory – based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2023 among 242 patients with otitis media referred to Nekemte Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory Center. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained by trained nurses and/or health officers in face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires. Middle ear discharge samples were collected by trained clinical microbiology experts following all aseptic techniques. Conventional culture, different biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed for all the isolated bacteria. Reference strains were used as a positive and negative controls. The data were checked for completeness and consistency, entered into EpiData version 4.6.06 and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associated factors of otitis media. Adjusted odds ratio was used to determine strength of association. Statistical significance was obtained at p-value of below 0.05. The data were interpreted using graphs, tables, and results statements.
Results
A total of 242 middle ear discharge samples were collected and cultured from which 212 (87.6%) were culture positive. A total of 228 pathogenic bacterial isolates were recovered. The predominant bacterial isolates were S. aureus 92 (40.4%) followed by P. aeruginosa 33 (14.5%) and E. coli 24 (10.5%). One hundred fifty-one (66.2%) bacterial pathogens were multidrug resistant. Piperacillin-tazobactam and tobramycin are relatively common drugs to which most of the isolates were susceptible while ampicillin and tetracycline were the most resistant. Purulent discharge (p-value = 0.001), middle ear discharge ≥ 14 days (P-value = 0.000) and a history of active/passive smoking (P-value = 0.043) were significantly associated with otitis media.
Conclusion
The prevalence of bacterial pathogens, most of which were multidrug-resistant, was high among patients with otitis media. A significant association was observed with purulent ear discharge, chronic otitis media, and passive or active smoking. Choosing the proper antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infection is crucial.
The Effect of Acupuncture Intervention on Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in HDKF Patients: Study Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Yan Cui-Na , Liu Hui-Rong , Kong Qi , Gan Jiayi , Liu Kun , Yao Wei-Guo , Yao Xing-Mei
Published: July 2024

Background:Chronic musculoskeletal pain is prevalent in individuals with hemodialysis-dependent renal failure (HDKF). The current opioid crisis highlights the urgent need for effective non-pharmacological pain management. Acupuncture, identified as a non-pharmacological intervention in clinical settings, holds promise for alleviating chronic musculoskeletal pain in HDKF patients, but well-designed studies assessing its specific effects in this population are lacking. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as a treatment modality for HDKF patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Methods: This trial, conducted at a single center, follows a parallel, three-arm design with randomization and sham control. 90 HDKF patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain will be assigned randomly to three groups (acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and waiting-list control) in a 1:1:1 ratio. The acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups will undergo 24 treatment sessions over eight weeks, while the waiting-list control group will receive no acupuncture. The primary outcome measures changes in the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score from baseline at the end of treatment, with secondary outcomes including the ESAS-R, POS-renal, and HADS scales. Adverse events will be recorded throughout the study, and all randomized patients will be included in the intention-to-treat analysis.
Discussion: The outcomes of this research aim to advance the systematic management of chronic musculoskeletal pain in HDKF patients through non-pharmacological interventions. Moreover, it will contribute insights into personalized treatment strategies, integrating individual expectations and genetic biomarkers to provide "precision" acupuncture for HDKF patients experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Trial registration: The trial registration number is ChiCTR2400080488. This trial was prospectively registered on 30 January 2024 in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.
Comparative Evaluation of Osteogenic Differentiation Capability and Antimicrobial Effect of Cissus Quadrangularis and Laccifer Lacca Extract Coated Dental Implants against Non-Coated Dental Implants- An In Vitro Study
Authors: Deshmukh Shruti , Pisulkar Sweta , Wanjari Anita , Bansod Akansha , Beri Arushi , Jain Ritul
Published: July 2024

Background: Over the past few decades, implantology has achieved numerous advancements. The fundamentals of integrated osteo-implantology have changed significantly, which is altering the therapeutic approaches that the field uses, achieving outstanding outcomes in oral rehabilitation and resolving functional, psychological, and aesthetic issues in cases of partial and complete edentulism. Alternative materials have been studied to enhance implants and bone interference, including bone-conductive and bone-inducing materials. By enhancing mineralization, bone matrix synthesis, and bone cell adhesion, osseointegration can be enhanced through nanoscale alteration of implant surface coatings. The goal of the implant surface treatments is to create a surface that is biologically active, enhancing the osseointegration process between the implant and bone tissue. For accelerating bone fractures, two well-known ayurvedic formulations are frequently utilized Cissus quadrangularis and Laccifer lacca. Additionally, these formulations include analgesic and anti-inflammatory qualities that lessen the severity of disorders associated to bones and joints. The study focuses on assessing a modification of surface coated implants with herbal extract of Cissus quadrangularis and Laccifer lacca for osteogenic potential differentiation and antimicrobial properties.
Methods:
1. Titanium discs of diameter 10mm and thickness 2mm will be used.
2. Hydroalcoholic extract of Cissus quadrangularis and aqueous extract of Laccifer lacca will be obtained. Prepared extract will be coated on the titanium discs
3. Four groups will be prepared

Group A: Discs coated with Cissus quadrangularis
Group B: Disc coated with Laccifer lacca
Group C: Disc coated with combination of C.
quadrangularis and L. lacca in 1:1 ratio w/w%.
Group D: Non coated discs

4. Each group will be further divided to perform two tests i.e. Osteoblastic Proliferation test and antimicrobial test.

Discussion: Studies have been carried out with
Cissus quadrangularis and Laccifer lacca that studies suggest that
they promote bone healing. Srinidhi et al in year 2020 carried
out a study with C quadrangularis the study included
spectrophotometric analysis to measure the activities of alkaline
phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as to ascertain
their kinetics. Based on the findings, they came to the conclusion
that extracts from C. quadrangularis and Lakshadi guggulu exhibit
strong osteogenic activity and can be effectively utilized as
surface modification materials in titanium implants and dental bone
mending. But there is a lack of research that combines the
properties of both C. quadrangularis and Laccifer lacca as a
surface coating material and hence the study was needed to assess
the same.
Clinical Trial registration Number (CTRI):
REF/2024/05/084317
Effectiveness of the Resistance Exercises with Motor Skills Training and Pain Reprocessing on Pain, Performance, and Psychological Factors in Flight Attendants with Non-Specific Low Back Pain: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Zolfaghari Negin , Letafatkar Amir , Rossettini Giacomo
Published: July 2024

Background
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the prevalent chronic pains in flight attendants. Exercise is recommended; however, the effects of resistance exercises with motor skills training and pain reprocessing in flight attendants with LBP are not currently known. This study compares the effect of resistance exercises with motor skills training and pain reprocessing on the pain, performance, and psychological factors of flight attendants with LBP.
Methods
This study is a randomized controlled trial in which 60 flight attendants with LBP will be enrolled. The patients will be randomly allocated to receive (1) resistance exercises plus motor skill exercises, (2) resistance exercises plus pain reprocessing, (3) resistance exercises plus motor skill exercises and pain reprocessing and (4) resistance training. Participants will be assessed pre- and post-intervention and 3 months after interventions. The primary outcome will be pain intensity. The secondary outcomes will be disability, quality-of-life, fear of movement, pain catastrophizing, pain self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, stress, performance, single-limb stance, sitting on Bobath ball and muscular endurance at post-intervention and 3 months.
Discussion
This study will be the first to compare resistance training with motor skills training and pain reprocessing on pain, performance and psychological factors of flight attendants with LBP. As this research is being conducted in one of the low-income countries, the demographic characteristics and results may differ from those of high-income countries. Results may guide clinicians and improve their clinical outcomes when treating flight attendants with LBP.
Trial registration:
The protocol was registered prospectively on Clinical Trials (IRCT20220804055617N1, Registration Date: 17/12/2022, http://www.irct.ir).
Application of artificial intelligence in dental crown prosthesis: A scoping review
Authors: Kong Hyun Jun , Kim Yu Lee
Published: July 2024

Background
This scoping review aims to present the applications and performance of artificial intelligence (AI) in dental crown prostheses and related topics.
Methods
We conducted a literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and IEEE Xplore databases from January 2010 to January 2024. The included articles addressed the application of AI in various aspects of dental crown treatment, including fabrication, assessment, and prognosis.
Results
The initial electronic literature search yielded 393 records, which were reduced to 315 after eliminating duplicate references. The application of inclusion criteria led to analysis of 12 eligible publications in the qualitative review. The AI-based applications included in this review were related to detection of dental crown finish line, evaluation of AI-based color matching, evaluation of crown preparation, evaluation of dental crown designed by AI, identification of a dental crown in an intraoral photo, and prediction of debonding probability.
Conclusions
AI has the potential to increase efficiency in processes such as fabricating and evaluating dental crowns, with a high level of accuracy reported in most of the analyzed studies. However, a significant number of studies focused on designing crowns using AI-based software, and these studies had a small number of patients and did not always present their algorithms. Standardized protocols for reporting and evaluating AI studies are needed to increase the evidence and effectiveness.
Efficacy of Salviae miltiorrhizae and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection on NIHSS, activity of daily living, hemorheology and blood lipid indexes in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a protocol for systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: zhang weiwei , Li Tai , Sun Qianru , Dai Bo
Published: July 2024

Background: Salviae miltiorrhizae and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection (SMLHI), a kind of Chinese herbal medicine injection, has been considered as a promising supplementary treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its clinical efficacy is still not well investigated. In this study, the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SMLHI for the treatment of AIS were systematically reviewed to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety.
Methods and analysis: All available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety ofSMLHI for patients with AIS were searched from the following electronic databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, Web of Science (WOS), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBLD), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Scientific Journal Database (CSJ) and Wanfang Database. Papers in Chinese or English published from their inception to December 2023 will be included without any restrictions.
Study selection and data extraction will be performed independently by 2 investigators. The clinical outcomes including neurological deficit score (NIHSS), activity of daily living (ADL), hemorheology and blood lipid indexes were systematically evaluated. Stata 14.0 and Review Manager 5.3 were used for data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, meta regression, subgroup analysis, and risk of bias assessment.
Discussion: The findings of this analysis will provide a helpful evidence for clinicians to formulate the best postoperative adjuvant treatment strategy for patients with AIS, and also provide scientific clues for researchers in this field.
Trial registration number: INPLASY202450033
Spatial patterns and determinants of severe geomorphological changes due to the extreme flood event in the Ahr valley, western Germany in July 2021
Authors: Weidt Fabian , Bell Rainer , Schrott Lothar , Brenning Alexander , Dietze Michael , Burghardt Lisa , Groeßer Joshua
Published: July 2024

The extreme flood event of July 14/15, 2021 caused massive geomorphological changes along the Ahr river in western Germany. The processes include mass movement and bank erosion, channel displacement and widening and deposition of material at the floodplains, all of which contributed to extreme damage. With the aim of gaining a more comprehensive understanding of the factors controlling these processes, spatial patterns of geomorphological changes on a regional scale are analyzed. A differential terrain model (DoD), calculated from digital terrain models (DTM) collected before and after the event using airborne laser scanning (ALS), serves as the data basis. The course of the river is divided into 120 m wide and 100 m long segments. Analyzing the cumulated volumetric loss per segment, which represents the explained variable proxying spatial variability in flood power, is conducted by using a multiple linear regression model. The independent variables considered in this investigation include peak discharge, valley floor width and river curvature. Both the native data and the residuals of the regression model are used to examine effects of bridge failure and subsequent outburst waves on volumetric loss. The analysis shows that the strongest geomorphological changes are associated with high peak discharge and a small valley floor width. River segments containing destroyed arch bridges show higher volumetric loss values than segments with destroyed slab bridges, intact bridges or no bridge at all. These findings provide slight evidence that there are construction types more appropriate than traditional arch bridges to prevent local augmentation of flood power caused by outburst waves resulting from bridge clogging and failure.
On Your Mark, Get Set, Choose! A Randomized Cross-Over Study Comparing Fixed and Self-Selected Rest Periods in Interval Running Among Professional Female Soccer Players.
Authors: Ben-Ari Asaf , Silverman Yedidya , Obolski Uri , Halperin Israel
Published: July 2024

Background
Studies on rest durations during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) often compare fixed and self-selected (SS) rest allocation approaches. Frequently, the rest duration under SS conditions is unlimited, leading to inconsistent total rest durations compared to fixed rest conditions. To address this limitation, we recently compared fixed and SS rest conditions during cycling HIIT sessions, while keeping the total rest time equivalent. However, our protocol required athletes to divide a long total rest time (12 minutes) across nine intervals, which may have been overly cognitively demanding. In the current study, we simplified the athletes’ rest allocation task by reducing the number of rest periods available.
Methods
Following a familiarization session, 24 professional female soccer players completed two running HIIT sessions on a non-motorized treadmill. Each session consisted of twelve 15-second intervals, divided into three blocks, with the goal of maximizing the distance covered. In both conditions, the between-interval rest duration per block amounted to 270 seconds. In the fixed condition, the rest was uniformly allocated to 90 seconds between each interval, whereas in the SS condition, the athletes chose how to allocate the entirety of the 270 seconds of rest. We compared the following outcomes: distance, heart-rate, perception of fatigue, effort, autonomy, enjoyment, boredom, and athletes’ preferences. Outcomes were compared using aggregated measures via paired univariate tests, and across the intervals via mixed-effects models.
Results
We observed comparable results in most outcomes with the exception of higher autonomy in the SS condition (mean difference = 2.1, 95%CI (0.9, 3.3)) and a negligibly higher heart-rate when comparing the observations across intervals (estimate = 2.5, 95%CI (0.9, 4.2)). Additionally, participants chose to rest for longer durations as the block progressed. Finally, most participants (65%) favored the SS condition.
Conclusion
This study further solidifies that SS and fixed approaches with matched total rest durations result in similar performance, physiological, and psychological responses. This effect persists even when the total rest duration required to be allocated is relatively short. Therefore, coaches and trainees can choose either approach based on their preferences and training goals.
Identification and Evaluation of Metabolic mRNAs and Key miRNAs in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis
Authors: chen Guanxuan , Zhang Meng , Wang Shiwen , Shi Wenna , wang Ruoyu , Zhu Wanqi
Published: July 2024

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a major global health challenge due to its high lethality, largely attributable to liver metastasis. Despite the established correlation between metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells and their proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, the specific role of metabolism-associated mRNAs in the liver metastasis of CRC remains unelucidated.
Methods
In our research, we procured and analyzed CRC liver metastasis-associated datasets from the GEO database. Subsequently, we employed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to construct an integrated co-expression network of mRNAs and miRNAs, facilitating the identification of pivotal mRNAs and miRNAs. We screened the featured genes using a machine-learning technique, followed by an evaluation of their diagnostic potential for CRC liver metastasis. Additionally, we conducted a functional enrichment analysis and constructed a network of miRNA-targeted mRNAs. Lastly, leveraging the UCSC Xena database, we assessed the correlation between core mRNAs and the clinical attributes and prognosis of CRC patients. Clinical samples from CRC patients and healthy volunteers were collected for validation using qRT-PCR.
Results
Our study identified twelve key mRNAs and four key miRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these key genes were intricately linked with biological processes like lipid transport, homeostasis, and metabolism. By implementing LASSO and SVM algorithms, we pinpointed six core mRNAs from the key mRNAs. Their expression patterns and diagnostic performance were validated across multiple datasets. Particularly, CAV1 demonstrated a robust ability to discern between CRC and CRC liver metastasis samples. Additionally, we discerned two key miRNAs (hsa-miR-1246 and hsa-miR-1290) exhibiting diagnostic performance. Lastly, our findings indicate a significant association between AGT, FABP4, and GPD1L and the prognosis of CRC patients. PCR validation in 40 paired tissue samples showed significant downregulation of CAV1 and upregulation of miRNA-1290 in CRC tissues.
Conclusions
This investigation identified modular genes and miRNAs linked to CRC liver metastasis, along with metabolism-associated differentially expressed mRNAs. These pivotal mRNAs and miRNAs could be instrumental in elucidating the biological mechanisms underpinning CRC liver metastasis and offering potential therapeutic targets.
Palliative Effect of Phenolic Extract Derived from Olive Mill Solid Wastes on Pomegranate Plants Submitted to Water Stress
Authors: Tlili Darine , ABBOUD Samia , OUNI Azhar , DBARA Soumaya
Published: July 2024

Fruit trees especially pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is considered a sensitive specie that showed physiological disturbances under water stress conditions. In this context, it is imperative to improve strategies to mitigate productivity losses and improve fruit quality. On the other hand, Tunisia is an important producer of olive oil and generates every year huge quantities of olive mill solid waste (OMSW). The present study aims the valorization of the OMSW by producing a biostimulant derived from polyphenols extraction. It was applied to pomegranate to restore the negative effects of water stress and as a sustainable alternative to harmful agrochemicals products. The experiment consists on the application of phenolic extract (+PE) at 300 ppm on pomegranate plants. Three water treatments were applied: control (C: 100% FC), moderate stress (MS: 50% FC) and severe stress (SS: 25% FC). In total six combinations there were C+PE, C, MS+PE, MS, SS+PE, SS. Vegetative growth, biochemical statute of leaves and fluorescence were assessed. Results showed that plants treated with PE presented a better tolerance to water stress which was reflected by a higher antioxidant activity, polyphenols, flavonoids, and sugar contents. Additionally, the application of PE decreased the accumulation of proline and stimulated fluorescence increasing leaf area and chlorophyll pigments. It also had a potential in ameliorating shoot elongation and the relative water content in leaves. In conclusion, PE as promoting biostimulant, has beneficial effects by enhancing the tolerance of pomegranate plants to water stress, providing advantages in practices that ensure sustainable agriculture.
Impact of disruptions in antigen processing and presentation machinery on sarcoma
Authors: Renne Salvatore Lorenzo , Samà Laura , Kumar Sonia , Mintemur Omer , Ruspi Laura , Santori Ilaria , Sicoli Federico , Bertuzzi Alexia Francesca , Laffi Alice , Bonometti Arturo , Colombo Piergiuseppe , D'Amato Vittoria , Bressan Alessandra , Scorsetti Marta , Terracciano Luigi , Navarria Pierina , D'Incalci Maurizio , Quagliuolo Vittorio Lorenzo , Pasqualini Fabio , Grizzi Fabio , Cananzi Ferdinando Carlo Maria
Published: July 2024

Background: The antigen processing machinery (APM) plays a critical role in generating tumor-specific antigens that can be recognized and targeted by the immune system. The status of the APM in sarcomas is not well characterized.
Methods: We investigated 126 patients with 8 types of bone and soft tissue sarcoma operated between 2001-2021. Tissue microarrays mapped 11 specific areas in each case. The presence/absence of APM protein was determined through immunohistochemistry. Bayesian networks were used.
Results: All investigated sarcomas had some defects in APM. The least damaged component was HLA Class I subunit β2-microglobulin and HLA Class II. The proteasome LMP10 subunit was defective in leiomyosarcoma (LMS), myxoid liposarcoma (MLPS), and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS), while MHC I transporting unit TAP2 was altered in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and chordoma (CH). Among different neoplastic areas, high-grade areas showed different patterns of expression compared to high lymphocytic infiltrate areas. Heterogeneity at the patient level was also observed. Loss of any APM component was prognostic of distant metastasis (DM) for LMS and DDLPS and of overall survival (OS) for LMS.
Conclusion: Sarcomas exhibit a high degree of defects in APM components, with differences among histotypes and tumoral areas. The most commonly altered APM components were HLA Class I subunit β2-microglobulin, HLA Class I subunit α (HC10), and MHC I transporting unit TAP2. The loss of APM components was prognostic of DM and OS and clinically relevant for LMS and DDLPS. This study explores sarcoma molecular mechanisms, enriching personalized therapeutic approaches.
Is there any difference in markers of peripheral inflammation between different diagnostic categories in patients with psychotic disorders? Contributing to the spectrum-based approach: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Üstün Ezgi Sıla Ahi , Yazıcı Serkan , İlhan Rifat Serav , Can Kazım Cihan , Saka Meram Can
Published: July 2024

Background: Psychotic disorders can be conceptualised as a spectrum of severe disorders of reality perception. Increasing evidence suggests that immunological and inflammatory dysfunction may be important across the psychotic spectrum. In this study, we investigated whether there is a difference between different diagnostic groups, in which psychosis is the common pathway, and healthy controls in markers of peripheral inflammation, such as platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), determined by haemogram.
Methods: The electronic records and file information of patients followed up at a university hospital were analysed in this retrospective study. The study sample consisted of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia(n=62), affective disorder(n=54), autism spectrum disorder(n=56), schizoaffective disorder(n=44), who had a history of psychotic episodes. The healthy controls were organ donors with no psychiatric disorder(n=61). The haemogram results of the patients during the remission period were recorded and PLR, NLR, SIRI, SII values were calculated. Groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, and group differences in age and sex were controlled by ANCOVA. Significance level was p<0.050.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in PLR between the groups. After correction for age and sex; NLR and SIRI showed a significant difference between the healthy control group and all groups of patients with psychosis (respectively F=9.324, p<0.001;F=5.190, p<0.001), SII only showed a significant difference between the autism spectrum disorder group and the healthy control group (F=2.686, p=0.032). When the psychosis groups were compared with each other, the PLR, NLR, SIRI and SII levels were similar.
Conclusions: Our results have contributed to the view that inflammation is a transdiagnostic phenomenon in psychotic disorders.
Characteristization and processing of Mbanga U-bearing syenites (South Region, Cameroon): insight from geochemistry, mineralogy, radiometry, and H 2 SO 4 acid leaching
Authors: FODJO Raoul Pierre , KANOUO Nguo Sylvestre , NDONG Francois Bidzang , BASUA Emmanuel Archelaus Afanga
Published: July 2024

U-bearing syenitic rocks cropping at the Mbanga massif in the South Region of Cameroon were geochemically and mineralogially charactarized, before the determination of their radiometric data, and processing of their uranium ores by H2SO4 acid leaching. The syenitic rocks are alkaline syenite, high-K syenite, and alkaline quartz syenite, with the first two rocks being metaluminous and the third, peraluminous. Both rocks show a compositional difference in uranium abundances (133–447 ppm) and those of other elements (exàmples of SiO2 : 61.6–66.6 wt.% and Al2O3 : 16.9–17.9 wt.%). The trace and rare earth element’s suites show the predominance of Sr (157.1–999 ppm) and Zr (111-599.7 ppm). The ƩLREE (37.3–168 ppm), ƩHREE (8.7–22.2 ppm), ƩLREE/ ƩHREE (1.6–13.8), and Eu/Eu* < 0.4 are variable. Found U-ore minerals (uraninite, uranophane, autunite, carnotite, torbernite, and/or coffinite) and other ore minerals (U-rich titanium oxide, zircon, magnetite, and/or ilmenite) are in a gangue made up of chlorite, calcite, quartz, alkaline feldspars, plagioclase, and/or biotite. The uranium contents (< 465 ppm) in the studied U-bearing syenites classify them within low grade ores; suggested to have formed with the aid of circulating hydrothermal fluids source of the precipitated OH, H2O, and OH-H2O bearing uranium ore minerals. The measured raw radiometric values range from 3542–6600 c/s and U3O8, from 0.33–0.59 wt.%. The presence of some minerals in the studied ores and the use of oxidant such as manganese dioxide during the H2SO4 acid leaching, provided elements which positively impact the process by increasing the U extraction with a total recovery of 80–90%. The maximum leaching temperatures 40–60 oC were less, compared to those used to process some other low grade uranium ores.
Reproductive Resilience: Pathways to Gametogenic Success in Montipora capitata after Bleaching
Authors: Timmins-Schiffman E , Duselis E , Brown T , Axworthy JB , Backstrom CH , Riffle M , Dilworth J , Kenkel CD , Rodrigues LF , Nunn BL , Padilla-Gamiño JL
Published: July 2024

Thermal bleaching, or the loss of symbiotic algae that provide most energetic resources for the coral host, is an increasing threat to reefs worldwide and is projected to worsen with climate change. While bleaching is a well-recognized threat, the impact on the process of reproduction in bleaching survivors is not well resolved, despite being central to coral resilience. Montipora capitata can survive bleaching while completing a full gametogenic cycle, offering an ideal system to study gametogenic resilience and physiological tradeoffs. We experimentally bleached fragments of M. capitata colonies and followed their gametogenesis and physiological responses for 10 months (six time points). All bleached colonies produced gametes at the same time as controls, suggesting that reproductive processes were energetically prioritized. However, proteomic analysis revealed tradeoffs and delays in activating key physiological processes earlier in gametogenesis in areas such as skeletal growth and reproductive hormone synthesis. Tradeoffs during the gametogenic cycle, likely a direct response to thermal bleaching, resulted in smaller oocytes from bleached colonies, potentially indicating decreased transfer of parental resources to gametes. While gametogenesis is likely to continue in this species, it is unknown how the viability and success of future offspring may be impacted by future bleaching events.
Pure endoscopic clipping of anterior circulation aneurysms through keyhole approach
Authors: Tang Huadong , Niu Pengyuan , Zheng Xialin , Shao Dongqi , Xie Shan , Li Yu , Li Kaixuan , Li Qingshu , Wu Tianyang , Lang Hao , Wu Meiqi , Jiang Zhiquan
Published: July 2024

Objective: This retrospective study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of pure endoscopic clipping for anterior circulation aneurysms through the supraorbital keyhole approach and the pterional keyhole approach.
Methods: We included 92 patients with anterior circulation aneurysms, all treated with clipping surgery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University. Patients were divided into neuroendoscopic and microscopic groups, based on whether endoscopic or microscopic techniques were used for clipping. We analyzed baseline patient characteristics, surgery-related details, postoperative hospitalization duration, complications, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 3 months after the operation to assess treatment outcomes.
Results: No significant differences existed between the neuroendoscopic and microscopic groups in statistical indicators, except for patient gender distribution.
Conclusions: Pure neuroendoscopic clipping of anterior circulation aneurysms (≤1cm in diameter, Hunt-Hess grade ≤ III) through supraorbital and pterional keyhole approaches is safe and effective. Its prognosis is comparable to that of the microscopic keyhole approach. Moreover, since the endoscope can provides better light intensity deep in the surgical field, clear close-up images of pathoanatomic details, and wider viewing angles, endoscopic clipping of intracranial aneurysms is more valuable.
Use of Remimazolam for procedural sedation in real-life Digestive Endoscopy
Authors: Conigliaro Rita , Pigò Flavia , Caiazzo Anna , Grande Giuseppe , Russo Salvatore , Cocca Silvia , Lupo Marinella , Marocchi Margherita , Marsico Maria , Sculli Simone , Bertani Helga
Published: July 2024

Background and aim
Remimazolam has proved to be a very promising sedative drug in randomized clinical trials for usage in a wide spectrum of patients, including critically ill ones. The purpose of our study was to verify efficacy and safety of remimazolam for procedural sedation during diagnostic and first level operative endoscopy in a real-world setting.
Methods
This single centre prospective study evaluated sedation regimen with remimazolam for EGDS and fentanyl and remimazolam for colonoscopy in consecutive ASA I-III patients.
Results
71 patients underwent 73 procedures (25 EGDS, 48 colonoscopies) with a total amount of 13.2 ± 8.7 mg and 10.2 ± 6.2 mg of remimazolam administered respectively. In 6 EGDS rescue sedation with propofol was needed. Transient hypotension was frequent (41.7%) and no cases of hypoxia occurred. One case of suspected allergy (erythema of the trunk) without anaphylaxis was reported.
Conclusions
Procedural sedation can be applied with remimazolam without the use of propofol, obtaining effective sedation in colonoscopies while in EGDS remimazolam alone guarantees the result in a percentage of around 70–75% of cases.
Semaphorin 5A promotes Th17 differentiation via PI3K-Akt-mTOR in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhu Lingjiang , Cheng Qi , Dong Yuanji , Xie Yifan , Hua Li , Du Yan
Published: July 2024

Background
Previously, we reported that serum Semaphorin 5A (Sema5A) levels were increased in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared with healthy controls (HC), and elevated Sema5A correlated with disease activity and lupus nephritis in SLE patients. In this study, we aimed to further understand the role of Sema5A in promoting Th17 cells differentiation in SLE.
Methods
Sema5A, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RNA and protein were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in SLE patients and HC. Expression of PlexinA1 and PlexinB3 were measured by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot. Th cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry. Treatment with recombinant human Sema5A (rhSema5A) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were employed to examine the in vitro effect of Sema5A in CD4+T cell differentiation in SLE patients.
Results
IL-17A elevated in SLE patients and positively correlated with Sema5A. PlexinA1 was upregulated and mainly expressed in CD4+ T cells of SLE; Sema5A treatment induced the differentiation of Th17 cells, while did not affect the Th1 and Th2 skewing. These effects were associated with an upregulation of the transcription factor RORγt by Th17 cells, but not T-bet or GATA3 in Th1 and Th2 cells, respectively. Knock down PlexinA1 regulates IL-17A production by CD4+T cells. Functional assays showed that Sema5A-PlexinA1 axis promoted Th17 cells differentiation via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrated that Sema5A-PlexinA1 axis acts as a key mediator on Th17 differentiation, suggesting that Sema5A might be a novel therapeutic target in SLE.
Neurovascular changes of the retina and optic nerve head in episodic migraine
Authors: Patzkó Ágnes , Pfund Zoltán , Csutak Adrienne , Tóth Noémi , Kölkedi Zsófia , Kis-Jakab Gréta , Bosnyák Edit , Rozgonyi Renáta , Szalai Eszter
Published: July 2024

Aim: To investigate neurovascular changes; including macular vascular density (VD), thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters in episodic migraine patients.
Patients and methods: 80 eyes of 40 episodic migraine patients were recruited. Thirty patients having a dominant side of migraine headache were statistically analyzed (5 male and 25 female; mean age 31.67 ± 9.54 years) and compared to 25 eyes of 25 healthy volunteers (5 male and 20 female; mean age of 34.4 ± 12.11 years, p=0.361). The posterior segment was imaged with Topcon DRI optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Triton Swept source OCT Topcon, Japan), and OCT angiography (OCTA).
Results: Comparing the dominant side of migraine patients to controls we found a significant decrease of the VD in the central zone of the superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP, p=0.01; DCP, p=0.004) and an enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ, p=0.054). The GCL thickness was significantly reduced in the central ring (GCL + p=0.042, GCL + + p=0.029), as well as the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the temporal quadrant (p=0.021) and border tissue of Elschnig diameter (BTE, p=0.035). The dominant side compared to the non-dominant side showed a significant deterioration of the VD in the inferior (p=0.04) and temporal quadrants (p=0.023); furthermore, a significant decrease in the GCL++ inner ring thickness (p=0.046).
Conclusions: Microvascular damage and consequent structural alterations of the retina and optic nerve head occur in the eyes of episodic migraine patient in association with the lateralization of the headache.
Influence of Aortic Arch Form on Right Ventricular Function After the Norwood Procedure
Authors: Kanaya Tomomitsu , Tsumura Sanae , Miwa Koji , Teguri Yuta
Published: July 2024

The outcomes of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) have significantly improved in recent years due to the utilization of the Norwood procedure. Unobstructed outflow through the aortic arch is important for maintaining right ventricular function. Some reports have shown that an aortic arch with a high-degree tapering form leads to increased energy loss; however, the correlation between right ventricular function and the degree of aortic arch tapering remains unknown. This retrospective, single-center analysis aimed to investigate the impact of aortic arch tapering following the Norwood procedure on circulation dynamics and right ventricular function. During the study period, 14 patients who underwent the Norwood procedure for HLHS and enhanced computed tomography before the Glenn procedure were included. The median age of the patients at the time of the Norwood procedure was 30 days (25–269 days), and the median weight was 3.0 kg (2.6–4.4 kg). As an indicator of the degree of tapering of the aortic arch, we used the standard deviation (SD) of the diameters of the ascending aorta, transverse arch, isthmus, and descending aorta (arch SD). There was a significant negative correlation between the cardiac index and arch SD. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between the right ventricular fractional area change and arch SD. In conclusion, an unobstructed and minimally tapered aortic arch is essential for maintaining optimal right ventricular function.
Concrete Road Pavement Quality: The Impact of Tertiary Blending with Cement
Authors: Mishra Umank , Wanjari Rahul , Ray Maya Rajnarayan , Imam Ashhad
Published: July 2024

All across the world, concrete is the most often used construction material. Many different building applications use concrete as their main material. Were strength, durability, impermeability, fire and abrasion resistance are required, this is the material of choice. Determine the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of a concrete mix with M25 grade is the main goal of this work. In addition, Marble Dust (MD) and Micro Silica (MS) are used in part place of cement in the research. Our study covers the process of Tertiar Blending cement with Marble dust (MD) and Micro Silica (MS). Substances call Supplemental cementitious materials (SCMs) are added to concrete to increase its durability and strength. Significant advances in the concrete industry have come from the application of SCMs, including resource conservation, environmental preservation, energy and cost reductions. Use of surplus materials can result in less cement being used. Significant study has been done on using marble dust and micro silica in place of cement, and the results have shown to be good for strength and durability. Currently used, tertiary blending is the process of combining cement with two Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) to improve concrete performance. However, by utilizing a quaternary blend, which can better optimize the properties of concrete, there is possibility for further improvements. The aim of this work is to develop a mixture design for Tertiary Cement Concrete that uses industrial waste products, marble dust and micro silica, as Supplementary Cementitious Materials. The objective is to assess, using water to cement ratios of 0.40, the mechanical characteristics of concrete with a grade of M 25 in moderately exposed situations. Ten combinations in all were made, with different amounts of marble dust (MD) and micro silica (MS). Three groups were formed out of the mixtures, with 6%, 7%, and 8% of Micro Silica (MS) kept constant with MD variances ranging from 5% to 15%. The compressive strength of the concrete mixes including Tertiary mixing—was assessed seven and twenty-eight days after curing. Using 0.6% of Super Plasticizer in the mixture has shown that fresh concrete is workable within the 110–140 mm slump value range. The slump value has been found to reach 140 mm for the combinations with lower blending percentages and a 0.4 water-to- cement ratio. The density of the just mixed concrete is then measured and compared to the density attained after 28 days of curing. Combining 5% Marble Dust (MD) and 8% Micro Silica (MS) with a 0.40 water-to-cement ratio (W/C) produced the best compressive strength. Compressive strength significantly decreased at all phases of growth when Micro Silica was substituted at a rate of 6 to 8% and Marble Dust at a rate of 10 to 15%. Therefore, the concrete mixture including 5% MD and 8% MS replacement can potentially yield superior outcomes, making it a viable and fitting material for rigid pavement.
Exploring the effect of TAD、Cal-TAD and NSA on the hip preservation outcome of the treatment of femoral head necrosis through rotational osteotomy at the base of the femoral neck by using finite element analysis
Authors: Sun Jiahao , Bowen Ma , Zhiyuan chen , Tianwei XIA , Rong SHEN Ji
Published: July 2024

Background：The calcar referenced tip-apex distance (TAD), calcar referenced tip-apex distance(Cal-TAD), and Neck-shaft Angle (NSA) have demonstrated reliability in predicting the efficacy of internal fixation following femoral neck fracture. Surgical Hip Dislocation Combined with Femoral Neck Rotational Osteotomy (SHD-FNRO) has been established as an effective treatment for femoral neck rotational osteotomy. However, the potential of TAD, Cal-TAD, and NSA as predictive factors for hip preservation outcomes remains unexplored.
Purposes:The prediction value of TAD, Cal-TAD and NSA on hip preservation outcome after SHD-FNRO surgery was discussed by comparing the outcomes of hip preservation in different patients with SHD-FNRO.
Methods: The clinical data of 33 patients (33 hips) who underwent rotational osteotomy at the base of the femoral neck in our hospital from 01/01/2017 to 01/12/2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Immediately after surgery, X-ray measurements were taken to assess TAD, Cal-TAD, and NSA. Subsequently, the patients were categorized into group A (successful hip preservation) and group B (failed hip preservation) for statistical analysis. Three-dimensional models with varying neck angles were constructed to evaluate maximum displacement and changes in osteotomy surface stress.
Results: During an average follow-up period of approximately 40 months, a total of 26 patients achieved survival while 7 patients experienced failure in preserving the hip joint. There was no statistically significant difference observed in terms of TAD and Cal-TAD between the two groups (P>0.05). However, a statistically significant distinction was found in NSA between the two groups (P < 0.05). Biomechanical analysis revealed a close association between NSA and postoperative biomechanical alterations.
Conclusion：The use of TAD and Cal-TAD demonstrated limited impact on the outcome of hip preservation in the treatment of femoral head necrosis with SHD-FNRO, while the magnitude of cervical stem angle exhibited a significant correlation with the success rate of hip preservation. Therefore, it is imperative to accurately measure and adjust the size of the cervical trunk angle during surgery to achieve enhanced postoperative efficacy.