bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AFIKSASI BAHASA MELAYU SERAWAI DALAM CERITA RAKYAT
Authors: Herpanus Herpanus , Tyas Debora Korining , Gusti Sultan Muhammad Dwiky
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bentuk, fungsi, dan makna gramatikal afiks dalam Bahasa Melayu Serawai (BMS). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Tanjung Raya, Kecamatan Serawai, Kabupaten Sintang. Data penelitian berupa 11 cerita rakyat. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam. Data ditranskripsi dengan aplikasi Elan versi 5.4 dan diinterlinier ke aplikasi Toolbox versi 1.6.3. Peneliti menemukan adanya 26 afiks. Afiks tersebut terdiri dari 14 prefiks yaitu prefiks ber-, di-, em-, ke, m-, meN-, n-, ng-, ny-, peN-, pem-, per-, se-, dan ter-. Satu sufiks -an dan 11 imbuhan gabung yaitu: be-h-, di-kan, di-b-, di-pe-, ke-ng-, me-n-kan, meng-ke, pe-ng-, per-an, se-n- dan se-peny. Fungsi afiks sebagai pembentuk nomina, verba aktif, verba pasif, adjektiva, adverbial, pronomina, dan numeralia. Makna gramatikal afiks meliputi: dalam keadaan, melakukan perbuatan, beberapa, saling, mempunyai, memberi, dikenai perbuatan, dijadikan, proses, sesuatu yang di-, diberi, menyatakan milik, berhubungan dengan, memiliki hubungan, menemukan, kata, yang berhubungan dengan, orang, sesuatu yang dapat di-, berhubungan, satu, bagian, saat itu juga, sesudah, tempat, sama, satuan bilangan, ketidaksengajaan, posisi, mengerjakan, alat, perihal dan sebatas.Kata Kunci: Afiksasi, Melayu Serawai, Cerita Rakyat
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUANMENGANALISIS UNSUR INTRINSIK TEKS DRAMA MENGGUNAKAN METODE THE POWER OF TWO PADA SISWA KELAS VIII A SMPNEGERI 6 TEMPUNAK
Authors: Susanti Yudita , Dharma Yokie Prasetya
Published: January 2022

Masalah umum dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah peningkatan kemampuan menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama menggunakan metode The Power Of Two pada siswa kelas VIII ASekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 6 Temunak tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa  metode The Power Of Two dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama pada siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 6 Tempunak. Hal tersebut digambarkan sebagai berikut: aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama pada siklus I berlansung dengan baik dan siswa mengaikuti pembelajaran dengan baik, tetapi masih ada beberapa siswa yang kurang aktif mengikuti pembelajaran. Pada siklus II berjalan dengan lancar dan siswa yang terlihat sangat antusias dan termotivasi. Ada pun nilai tertinggi pada siswa pada siklus I yakni 90 dan yang terendah 65 sedangkan pada siklus II nilai tertinggi siswa yaitu 92,5 dan yang rendah 67,5.Kemampuan rata-rata menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama pada siklus I adalah 78,95% dan pada siklus II 89,47%. Jadi persentase peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II adalah 10,52%. Kata kunci: Unsur intrinsik teks drama, The Power Of TwoMasalah umum dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah peningkatan kemampuan menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama menggunakan metode The Power Of Two pada siswa kelas VIII ASekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 6 Temunak tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa  metode The Power Of Two dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama pada siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 6 Tempunak. Hal tersebut digambarkan sebagai berikut: aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama pada siklus I berlansung dengan baik dan siswa mengaikuti pembelajaran dengan baik, tetapi masih ada beberapa siswa yang kurang aktif mengikuti pembelajaran. Pada siklus II berjalan dengan lancar dan siswa yang terlihat sangat antusias dan termotivasi. Ada pun nilai tertinggi pada siswa pada siklus I yakni 90 dan yang terendah 65 sedangkan pada siklus II nilai tertinggi siswa yaitu 92,5 dan yang rendah 67,5.Kemampuan rata-rata menganalisis unsur intrinsik teks drama pada siklus I adalah 78,95% dan pada siklus II 89,47%. Jadi persentase peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II adalah 10,52%. Kata kunci: Unsur intrinsik teks drama, The Power Of Two
ANALISIS MAKNA INTENSI PUISI-PUISI DALAM BUKU EMPAT KUMPULAN SAJAK KARYA W.S. RENDRA
Authors: Wafiq Chici Al
Published: January 2022

Puisi merupakan karya sastra yang meliputi tiga unsur pokok penting. Seperti yang dikemukakan oleh Pradopo (2010, hlm.7) bahwa terdapat tiga unsur pokok dalam puisi yaitu yang pertama ialah pemikiran, ide, atau emosi; yang kedua ialah bentuknya; dan yang ketiga ialah kesannya. Jika kita melihat dari ketiga unsur pokok tersebut maka dapat dikatakan bahwa puisi adalah karya sastra yang dihasilkan melalui ide kreatif penulis/pengarang dengan memerhatikan bentuk berupa estetika atau tipografi dalam penulisan yang ditulis dengan maksud untuk memberikan pesan yang berkesan bagi penulis maupun pembaca.Menurut Harimurti (dalam Pateda, 2001:105), makna intensi adalah makna yang menekankan maksud pembicara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat analisis deskriptif yaitu menginterpretasikan data dengan landasan teori makna intensi pada puisi dan kemudian dideskripsikan dalam pembahasan.Kata Kunci : Puisi,Makna Intensi
INTERFERENSI DALAM LAGU BAHASA JAWA KARTONYONO MEDHOT JANJI DIPOPULERKAN OLEH DENNY CAKNAN
Authors: Trisanti Anis Surya
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan interferensi bahasa Indonesia dalam lagu berbahasa Jawa yang berjudul Kartoyono Medot Janji yang dipopulerkan oleh Denny Caknan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simak yaitu pemerolehan data primer dengan cara menyimak video klip lagu. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini disesuaikan dengan metode yang digunakan. Metode simak menggunakan teknik lanjutan berupa 1) teknik rekam dengan menggunakan alat bantu tape recorder, 2) teknik catat pada data kartu (Sudaryanto, 1993:135). Teori yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini fokus pada teori Dell Hymes (1972) yang mengungkapkan pandangan mengenai SPEAKING: Setting dan scene, Partisipan, Ends, Act, Keys, Instrumentalities, Norms dan Genres.Kata kunci: interferensi, sosiolingistik, Kartonyono Medot Janji, Dell Hymes, berbicara
Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Anekdot dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Make A Matchpada Siswa Kelas X SMK
Authors: Novitasari Wayan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan: (1) keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran menulis teks anekdot; dan (2) kemampuan menulis teks anekdot pada siswa kelas X TKR 2 SMK Karya Wiyata Punggur dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran make a match. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahapan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Persentase keaktifan siswa yang memiliki kategori sedang dan baik dalam siklus I adalah sebesar 76,66%, sedangkan pada siklus II menjadi 86,66%. Peningkatan kemampuan siswa menulis teks anekdot juga dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya jumlah siswa yang mencapai skor >67 pada setiap siklus. Pada survei awal, persentase siswa yang dapat mencapai nilai ketuntasan sebesar 36,7%. Pada siklus I sebesar 70% dan pada siklus II sebesar 83,33%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran make a match dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan kemampuan menulis teks anekdot siswa kelas X TKR 2 SMK Karya Wiyata Punggur. Kata Kunci: Model Make A Match, Keaktifan, Kemampuan Menulis Teks Anekdot
PENGEMBANGAN MATERI TEMATIK RAGAM SENI KARYA DENGAN GAMES PUZZLE UNTUK MENGASAH OTAK ANAK PADA SISWA KELAS RENDAH MI NW LINGKOK TELU
Authors: Rahman Hamzani Aulia , Nugraheni Aninditya Sri
Published: January 2022

This research aims to give learners a stimulus about the variety of art in thematic which is one of the sustainable material models with various descriptions in local traditions and wisdom in the community by explaining the various understandings and history in it with facts and concepts later in order to hone their brains about culture. Research method in this ha used is Waterfall Research and Development model with stages ranging from analysis, design, implemntasi and testing and the end of maintenance. Then the results of the study showed from the material content test or produck got an average of 75.6% with a decent category then researchers tried the test and implementation to students numbering 10 people and got an average of 81.6% categorized into satisfaction with a score of 80 in the category agreed. Therefore, it can be concluded that puzzle media for learning facilities in sharpening the brain of learners can improve their abilities and make learning fun.
ANALISIS PERANAN GURU KELAS DALAM MENGELOLA PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI KURIKULUM 2013 SISWA KELAS V SDN 17 MUNGGUK KECAMATAN SEKADAU HILIR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Kurniati Agusta , Subekti Muhammad Rian , Vera Meri Okta
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research was to know the role of clasroom teacher in educational management through curriculum of 2013 at student class V SDN Mungguk Kecqamatan Sekadau Hilir. This research was used descriptive qualitative method and the form of descriptive qualitative research. The tools were used observation sheet, interview, and documentation. The results show that in the learning process the teacher is not only teaching and delivering material but the teacher must also be able to solve psychological things that may be present and experienced by their students, therefore the teacher can act as a motivator, facilitator, organizer, informant, and corrector. There were supporting and inhibiting factors experienced by teachers in Educational management  through curriculum of 2013, the supporting factor was that the principal always sends teachers to always participate in KKG activities, while the inhibiting factor was in the delivery of material, giving assessments, and utilizing existing media sources because the teacher at SDN 17 Mungguk the majority were senior teachers. The efforts made by the teacher to overcome these factors were that the teacher must understand the character of each student, approach students, the teacher must not assume the abilities of all students were the same because basically every child has different characters and abilities and the teacher always provides motivation and enthusiasm. so that students continue to learn.
PEMANFAATAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING TINGKAT SEKOLAH DASAR DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Fathonah Arin Nur , Purnomo Heru
Published: January 2022

This research was structured to determine the benefits of technology in learning activities at the elementary school level during the covid-19 pandemic. By using the research method of literature study. The subject or respondent is from the articles that the author uses. In collecting information or data, namely the documentation technique, namely looking for data relating to relevant matters from books, journals, documents. The data analysis technique used by the author is to collect library data, record, process the data. The results of this study are by utilizing the google classroom application, online learning at the elementary school level can be carried out well. This is supported by the features available in the google classroom application, especially the due date feature which can minimize student delays in collecting assignments that the teacher gives.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR BETHEL SINTANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Anatasia Anatasia , Gandasari Adriana , Awang Imanuel Sairo
Published: January 2022

This study aims to identify and describe the implementation of online learning in fifth grade students of Bethel Elementary School. This type of research is a qualitative research whose results are described, the study consists of 5 people, 4 students and 1 class teacher. Data collection techniques using direct observation techniques, direct communication techniques, and documentation techniques. Data collection tools in the form of observation sheets, interview sheets, field notes, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses Miles and Huberman analysis techniques through data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The validity of the data using source triangulation and technical triangulation. The results of the study show that: 1) the implementation of online learning for students includes three stages: a) through planning, namely compiling the syllabus and lesson plans regarding the material to be delivered through online learning, b) implementation of the preliminary, core, and closing activities by providing motivation, advice, and giving assignments during the online learning process. 2) the impact of the implementation of online learning on students, namely the limited use of the internet and difficulty understanding the material presented by the teacher. The impact for teachers, in preparing for learning is less than optimal and teachers are required to be able to carry out online learning, even though some of these teachers are still lacking in the use of technology. 3) the responses of teachers and students after carrying out online learning, regarding the implementation of online learning that the implementation of online learning is distance learning, can be carried out anywhere, difficulties in using networks, teachers lack mastery in the use of technology, and teachers feel there are limitations in the delivery of the material being taught . In conclusion, the implementation of online learning is learning that is carried out within the network (online) using the Whatsapp application
MODEL OF USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH PELANGI (UKSP) ON CHILDREN ORAL HEALTH STATUS
Authors: Santoso Bedjo , Sunarjo Lanny , Sakbana Boby Irsan
Published: January 2022

Health development aims to improve community health status, but in health development there are still problems, especially health problems in elementary school children. Efforts made by the government in the form of the School Health Effort program and the success rate in each province averaged 13.6%, so a comprehensive model is needed in the school named the Model of Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Pelangi. The aims is to produce the Model of Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Pelangi in improving health status of children's dental and oral health status.In this research used Research and Development, there are five stages of research namely: information gathering, model design, expert validation and revision, model testing (using the quasi-experimental control group pretest and posttest design method and model results). The sample was divided into 2 groups namely the implementation of the Model of Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Pelangi in the intervention group and the school health business program in the control group. Data were tested using intraclass correlation coefficient, chi-square, shapiro wilk, friedman, wilcoxon and mann-whitney.The results showed the school health business model is feasible as a model of education and health services shown with the value of p0.031. The Model of Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Pelangi is effective in increasing the performance treatment index (PTI) shown by the value of p0.001 and decreasing the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) indicated by the value of p0.001.The conclusion of this research is Model of Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah Pelangi is effective in improving children's dental and oral health status.
The Effect Of Aerobic Training In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Literature Study
Authors: Hakim Amelia Nurul
Published: January 2022

To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic training on pain in Rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Asystematic literature search was carried out using the Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases untilNovember 2016 and abstractly presented at a scientific meeting of rheumatology for 3 years. Randomizedcontrolled trials (RCTs) comparing resistance exercise-based therapy with interventions withoutresistance exercise for RA patients' treatment were included. Six literature studies, including 547 patients,met the study inclusion criteria. Patient characteristics and exercise did not affect the outcome. Subgroupanalysis revealed a trend toward higher effectiveness associated with high-intensity programs. There isevidence with a low risk of bias that an aerobic exercise program effectively reduces fatigue amongpatients with RA, especially in the short term. An RCT should be performed in patients with RA who areselected for fatigue to strengthen the evidence.
Therapeutic Communication Againts Labor of Kala I and Kala II in Primigravida at Klinik Pratama Niar In 2018
Authors: Surahman Rayi Al Hay
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Anxiety in labor can be reduced by using non-pharmacological method related to the basic purpose of reducing anxiety and transfer of pain in labor that is by doing therapeutic communication to patient with the aim to keep the patient and fetus as far as possible remain free from depressive effect by way of gives a sense of comfort so as not to interfere with uterine contractions. Therefore, the authors are interested to examine the effect of therapeutic communication on the first and second stage of labor in the mother primigravida. Research type was Quasi Eksperimen, and Non-Equivalent Control Group, sample 20 respondents (primigravida mother). Data analysis with Independent T-Test. From 10 respondents of the experimental group and 10 non experimental groups, the duration of the active phase in the experimental group averaged 272.00 minutes (Sd.14.56), the mean second time was 22.50 minutes (Sd 6.34 ), The mean duration of labor was 299.00 minutes (Sd.19,40), whereas the first non-experimental group in the first stage was on average 316.00 minutes (Sd.15,95), the second stage was 32.00 minutes (Sd .7,52), the mean duration of labor was 348.00 minutes (Sd.19,60). Test T-Test value p (0,000) α (0,05) at time of I,value p (0,007) α (0,05) at second stage and value   p (0,000) α (0,05) length of labor. It was concluded that there was an effect of therapeutic communication with the time period I and Kala II of labor.             Keywords : Therapeutic Communication, Kala I and Kala II Childbirth
Influence of Cadre Training in Increasing Toothbrushing Action in Pregnant Women
Authors: De Sena Francisca Fatima , Santoso Bedjo , Fatmasari Diyah , Sunarjo Lanny , Rahman Waljuni Astu
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTProblems on dental and oral hygiene are caused by poor dental and oral care. A viable strategy in changing the behavior of pregnant women is through dental hygiene counseling. We present solution for counseling with material which could be heeded by pregnant women. The aim of the research is to improve knowledge, attitude and action to take care of dental and oral hygiene, so that the target can do self-care to dental and oral hygiene. We implemented Research and Development (RD) method comprising 5 stages, namely, information collection, design and build, expert validation and revision, model test and final model results. This was done with the subject in as much as 50 pregnant women. The sample used a purposive sampling technique. Data were tested using intraclass correlation coefficient and paired sample test. The results show that Primary Health Center cadre training is effective in improving the dental and oral hygiene action in pregnant women.
Financial sector reform (2016-2019): The impact on Latvian banks
Authors: SNEIDERE JEKATERINA , GODMANIS IVARS
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to get the first results on the impact of the recent financial sector reform started in 2016 by the Latvian FCMC (Financial and Capital Market Commission) and the Latvian government on the performance of two traditional Latvian banking groups: resident and non-resident banks. The main objective is to find out how the outflow of non-resident deposits caused by the reform has affected both banking groups’ main performance indicators: the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and return on equity (ROE). The methodology of the research involves obtaining ROE and CAR parameters in the whole Latvian banking sector before and during the recent financial sector reform and analyzing these parameter dynamics and differences, particularly for resident and non-resident banks. The results obtained clearly demonstrate that the recent reform of the Latvian financial sector has affected resident and non-resident bank performance in Latvia very differently. The outflow of non-resident deposits during the reform implementation has made a minimal impact on the performance of resident banks, but significantly affected non-resident banks, triggering a decline in their total assets, total deposits, and profitability. The results obtained show some “recovery” of non-resident bank performance at the second stage of reform (after 2017), which could demonstrate the reorientation of their business models agreed with the FCMC. However, there is a need for further research to be sure that this process will be sustainable. Keywords: Latvian banking sector, financial sector reform, non-resident deposits, AML/CTPF, non-resident banks.
Digitale Praktiken in der Morgenroutine
Authors: Zeuner Ninetta , Langguth David , Löwer Marcel
Published: January 2022

Anhand einer Analyse von autoethnografischen Tagebucheinträgen zur Nutzung digitaler Technologien wurde die Morgenroutine von Studierenden rekonstruiert. In den Blick wurde Art, Dauer, Intensität und Häufigkeit der Nutzung genommen und eine dichte Beschreibung angefertigt. Die Forschungsfrage war, ob es sich bei der Morgenroutine um eine digitale Praktik handelt. Im Ergebnis kann die Morgenroutine als digitale Praktik gefasst werden, die erstens auf dem Wunsch nach Gemeinschaft fußt und zweitens zur Informationsaneignung dient. Ebenfalls wurde festgestellt, dass einige Teilnehmenden eine Verhaltensanpassung wie einen bewussten Routinedurchbruch im Rahmen des Seminars vollziehen, um der Routine entgegenzuwirken. Zudem kommt es aufgrund externer Einflüsse zu Veränderungen von Routinen.
Breast metastasis presenting as swelling with calcification – A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Linn Yun Le , Tay Timothy Kwang Yong , Tan Eng Huat , Wong Jill Su Lin , Madhukumar Preetha
Published: January 2022

Primary breast carcinomas often present as ill-defined, infiltrative lesions which may contain calcifications, whereas metastatic cancers from non-mammary sites are often more well-circumscribed, sharply demarcated from the adjacent breast tissue and are usually not associated with calcifications, although there are exceptions. We report an atypical case of a lady with lung adenocarcinoma with pleural involvement, who presented with diffuse breast swelling with calcifications on imaging from metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, the first of its kind in the literature. We postulate that the pathophysiology of this was due to lymphatic spread of the tumour from the pleura resulting in retrograde lymphovascular congestion of the breast, resulting in swelling and dystrophic calcification.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and steroid use during the pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Calis Hasan , Karabulut Zulfikar , Guler Yilmaz , Sengul Serkan
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Steroid therapy is an immunosuppressive treatment and may have possible side effects in a pandemic period. However, the number of studies on the use corticosteroids for the treatment of idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) especially during the pandemic is almost negligible. METHODS: The data of patients with the diagnosis of IGM between January–December 2020 in the General Surgery Clinic were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were explained in detail that steroid therapy is an immunosuppressive treatment and it may have possible side effects. Prednisolone 0.5–1 mg/kg/day was given as steroid therapy. The treatment was planned for 4–6 months according to the severity of the symptoms and was completed by reducing it to a total dose of 10 mg/month. RESULTS: Eleven patients were included in the study. Five patients had completed steroid treatment and continued their follow-up. In our study, a total of six patients were receiving steroid therapy. CONCLUSIONS: There is no consensus yet on the use of the steroid in the COVID-19 pandemic. Low doses Corticosteroids (<1 mg/kg/day) don’t have an effect on increase mortality in patients with severe COVID-19. We can think that low-dose corticosteroids used by many centers in IGM treatment do not have a negative effect on mortality.
Effect of high intensity laser therapy in the treatment of acute atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation: A case report
Authors: Tuan Sheng-Hui , Sun Shu-Fen , Huang Wan-Yun , Chen Guan-Bo , Li Min-Hui , Liou I-Hsiu
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Sudden onset of acute torticollis in children is rare and is usually diagnosed as atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS). The common treatment for acute AARS without neurological symptoms is halter traction in conjunction with muscle relaxant and sedative agents, followed by cervicothoracic orthotic immobilization. To the best of our knowledge, a case of acute AARS treatment with high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) has not yet been reported so far. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to report a case of acute AARS treatment with HILT successfully and to discuss about the clinical effect of HILT in AARS. METHODS: We reported a 9-year-old girl with acute onset of torticollis visiting the rehabilitation outpatient department. RESULS: The physical examination revealed a typical cock robin position without neurological symptoms. A series of evaluations, including open-mouth odontoid radiograph and soft tissue sonography, confirmed the diagnosis of acute AARS. The patient received HILT over the left suboccipital and upper back muscle groups, which started on the day of the first rehabilitation clinic visit, once a week, for four weeks. Torticollis and neck pain improved gradually with each session of HILT, and the symptoms resolved completely after the fourth session. Dynamic computed tomography (CT) of the cervical spine showed no evidence of obvious AARS after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The patient had no complaints after HILT in a case of acute AARS resulting from a mechanical factor. Due to its pain-relief and muscle-release characteristics, HILT indicates the probable benefit of relaxation of spastic muscles for patients with AARS.
Comparison of the effects of ultrasound- guided needle puncture, radial shock wave therapy, and combined treatments on calcific tendinitis of the shoulder: A single-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kuo Ying-Chen , Hsu Wei-Chun , Lin Yi-Jia , Lin Yu-Ting , Chen Yann-Rong , Hsieh Lin-Fen
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Calcific tendinitis of the shoulder is a common disorder resulting in restricted motion and pain. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effects of ultrasound-guided fine-needle puncture (USNP), radial shock wave therapy (RSWT), and the combination of both treatments (COMB) on calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. METHODS: We enrolled 62 patients who had unilateral shoulder pain for more than 3 months. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: USNP, RSWT, and COMB. All USNP needle punctures were guided with ultrasound (US), and RSWT was delivered at 2 Hz (2000 shock waves; 0.26 mJ/mm2) once a week for 3 weeks. The COMB group received three weekly rounds of RSWT after a single US-guided needle puncture. The primary outcome was the pain visual analog scale (VAS), and secondary outcomes were the Constant scores, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, and range of motion. RESULTS: A within-group comparison at 3 months revealed significant improvements in the pain VAS (p< 0.05, during activity) and Constant (p< 0.05) scores, but between-group comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences in the pain VAS (p> 0.05) or Constant (p= 0.089) scores. Only improvement differences in role-emotional (SF-36; p= 0.01) and active external rotation (p= 0.035) were determined over time, which favored the USNP and COMB groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although no significant differences were observed among the groups in the treatment of calcific tendinitis of the shoulder, more satisfactory outcomes were noted in the USNP and COMB groups than in the RSWT group. Larger samples, longer follow-up times, and other treatment protocols are suggested for future studies.
Assessment of changes in the sagittal plane of the spine in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using the moire method
Authors: Kurzeja Piotr , Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz Katarzyna , Prusak Jarosław , Szurmik Tomasz
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: The gold standard in the clinical assessment of the extent of scoliosis is the Cobb method but the analysis also covers the changes that occur within the spine and trunk in relation to the transverse and sagittal planes. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to estimate changes in the sagittal plane of the spine in girls with right-sided thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS: The study involved 29 girls with scoliosis (13.6 ± 0.6 years) and 36 healthy girls as the comparison group. The tests included an interview, clinical examination (with the use of Adam’s test and the Cobb angle), and examination of shape of the spine surface with the use of the photogrammetric method and the projection moire effect. RESULTS: Lower values of the thoracic kyphosis parameters were found in the scoliosis group. Significant differences were noted for the parameters of the lumbosacral section α (p= 0.02), thoracolumbar section β (p< 0.001), the upper thoracic section γ (p< 0.001), thoracolumbar and upper thoracic section β+γ (p< 0.001) and the total size of α+β+γ (p< 0.001) curvatures. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that with an increase in the angular value of the thoracic curvature, the thoracic kyphosis decreased.
Improvements of bat algorithm for optimal feature selection: A systematic literature review
Authors: Al-Dyani Wafa Zubair , Ahmad Farzana Kabir , Kamaruddin Siti Sakira
Published: January 2022

Bat Algorithm (BA) has been extensively applied as an optimal Feature Selection (FS) technique for solving a wide variety of optimization problems due to its impressive characteristics compared to other swarm intelligence methods. Nevertheless, BA still suffers from several problems such as poor exploration search, falling into local optima, and has many parameters that need to be controlled appropriately. Consequently, many researchers have proposed different techniques to handle such problems. However, there is a lack of systematic review on BA which could shed light on its variants. In the literature, several review papers have been reported, however, such studies were neither systematic nor comprehensive enough. Most studies did not report specifically which components of BA was modified. The range of improvements made to the BA varies, which often difficult for any enhancement to be accomplished if not properly addressed. Given such limitations, this study aims to review and analyse the recent variants of latest improvements in BA for optimal feature selection. The study has employed a standard systematic literature review method on four scientific databases namely, IEEE Xplore, ACM, Springer, and Science Direct. As a result, 147 research publications over the last ten years have been collected, investigated, and summarized. Several critical and significant findings based on the literature reviewed were reported in this paper which can be used as a guideline for the scientists in the future to do further research.
Information granularity-based incremental feature selection for partially labeled hybrid data
Authors: Shu Wenhao , Yan Zhenchao , Chen Ting , Yu Jianhui , Qian Wenbin
Published: January 2022

Feature selection can reduce the dimensionality of data effectively. Most of the existing feature selection approaches using rough sets focus on the static single type data. However, in many real-world applications, data sets are the hybrid data including symbolic, numerical and missing features. Meanwhile, an object set in the hybrid data often changes dynamically with time. For the hybrid data, since acquiring all the decision labels of them is expensive and time-consuming, only small portion of the decision labels for the hybrid data is obtained. Therefore, in this paper, incremental feature selection algorithms based on information granularity are developed for dynamic partially labeled hybrid data with the variation of an object set. At first, the information granularity is given to measure the feature significance for partially labeled hybrid data. Then, incremental mechanisms of information granularity are proposed with the variation of an object set. On this basis, incremental feature selection algorithms with the variation of a single object and group of objects are proposed, respectively. Finally, extensive experimental results on different UCI data sets demonstrate that compared with the non-incremental feature selection algorithms, incremental feature selection algorithms can select a subset of features in shorter time without losing the classification accuracy, especially when the group of objects changes dynamically, the group incremental feature selection algorithm is more efficient.
Clustering based on adaptive local density with evidential assigning strategy
Authors: Wang Qian , Gong Chaoyu , Wang Peihong
Published: January 2022

A new clustering algorithm, based on Adaptive Local Density (ALD) and Evidential K-Nearest Neighbors (EKNN), is proposed here. In density peaks clustering, many other density metrics fail to detect cluster centers on multi-density datasets, however the ALD deals with the tasks very well since it can better utilize the local information. To assign the remaining points after detecting the cluster centers, an assigning strategy in the framework of evidential theory, named EKNN, is created. The advantage of EKNN is twofold. Firstly, by fusing the information of K-Nearest Neighbors, it can reduce the risk of a phenomenon named domino effect: the drawback of one classical clustering, i.e., clustering by fast search and find of density peaks (always named as DPC). Secondly, it can detect border and noise points simultaneously since a credal partition is derived which can mine ambiguity and uncertainty of data structure. Simulations on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the outstanding performance of ALD-EKNN compared with DPC and some of its successors.
An adaptive simulated annealing and artificial fish swarm algorithm for the optimization of multi-depot express delivery vehicle routing
Authors: Yuan Mengfei , Kan Xiu , Chi Chihung , Cao Le , Shu Huisheng , Fan Yixuan
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) of multi-depot express delivery is investigated based on the actual express delivery business in Beijing and driving intention-based road network. An Adaptive Simulated Annealing and Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (A-SAAFSA) is proposed to solve the CVRP. The basic ideas are use a “certainty” probability to accept the worst solution through the Metropolis criterion in the search process, and a strategy of adjusting the swimming direction to avoid falling into the local optimal solution. Moreover, an adaptive visual strategy, which adjusts the visual range adaptively in real time according to the current solution quality, is used to ensure the efficient searching and accuracy of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the A-SAAFSA algorithm outperforms four well-known algorithms, namely simulated annealing and artificial fish swarm algorithm, artificial fish swarm algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, and genetic algorithm.
Robust multi-class feature selection via l2,0-norm regularization minimization
Authors: Sun Zhenzhen , Yu Yuanlong
Published: January 2022

Feature selection is an important data preprocessing in data mining and machine learning, that can reduce the number of features without deteriorating model’s performance. Recently, sparse regression has received considerable attention in feature selection task due to its good performance. However, because the l2,0-norm regularization term is non-convex, this problem is hard to solve, and most of the existing methods relaxed it by l2,1-norm. Unlike the existing methods, this paper proposes a novel method to solve the l2,0-norm regularized least squares problem directly based on iterative hard thresholding, which can produce exact row-sparsity solution for weights matrix, and features can be selected more precisely. Furthermore, two homotopy strategies are derived to reduce the computational time of the optimization method, which are more practical for real-world applications. The proposed method is verified on eight biological datasets, experimental results show that our method can achieve higher classification accuracy with fewer number of selected features than the approximate convex counterparts and other state-of-the-art feature selection methods.
Suspected Dementia in Young Adults: Cognitive Screening Tools for Use in Primary Care
Authors: Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta B. , Abdullah Shahbaz , Critchfield Mathew , Maltby John
Published: January 2022

Background: Memory complaints are frequent among young adults presenting in general practice. Many of them will have reversable, functional cognitive impairment that can easily be mistaken for dementia. Its accurate and timely identification is warranted to prevent further escalation to overt dementia syndrome. Objective: To evaluate the recommended primary care screening cognitive tools for dementia for use in younger people. Methods: 2.5 years clinical data were collected during the course of ongoing patient care for all assessed face-to-face patients in a secondary care memory service for younger adults. Cognitive screening and assessment tests used in primary [General Practice Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG)] and secondary [Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III), Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS), Salzburg Dementia Test Prediction (SDTP)] care were analyzed for their accuracy to identify dementia and memory complaints. Area under the curve in receiver operating characteristic curves was used to measure predictive value of tests for a clinical diagnosis of dementia. Results: 348 young adults were assessed for cognitive impairment. Following comprehensive Memory Clinic assessments, 241 (69.25%) were diagnosed with memory complaints in the absence of relevant neuropathology and 107 with dementia. GPCOG, especially the informant part, and RUDAS had low accuracy to identify dementia (AUC = 0.465 and AUC = 0.698, respectively). In contrast, ACE-III and SDTP demonstrated the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.799 and AUC = 0.809/0.817, respectively). Conclusion: Dementia screening in younger people will benefit from SDTP incorporated as part of the screening cognitive toolset. The national guidance on dementia screening tools, diagnostic pathways, and management should also refer to younger adults.
The solution for type-2 fuzzy linear programming model based on the nearest interval approximation
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Ye Binhua , Liu Xinwang
Published: January 2022

Linear programming is an important branch of operations research. The model is mature in theory and widely used in real life. However, various complex realistic scenarios involve fuzzy information. In this paper, we consider a fuzzy linear programming (FLP) model in which all parameters are trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy numbers (IT2FNs) and propose a solution method based on the nearest interval approximation and the best-worst cases (BWC) method. We prove the nearest interval approximation interval of trapezoidal IT2FNs, then the trapezoidal IT2FNs in the model are transformed into interval numbers which both upper and lower limits are interval numbers. With the help of best-worst cases (BWC) method, the sub-models of the transformed interval linear programming model are proposed, and four sub-solutions with different specific meanings can be obtained by solving them respectively. Finally, an application example is presented to show the rationality and practical significance of the method.
New sufficient conditions for p-th moment stability of uncertain delay differential equation
Authors: Jia Zhifu , Liu Xinsheng
Published: January 2022

Uncertain delay differential system is an important mathematical model. Stability is a basic problem of uncertain delay differential system. Delay and uncertain interference often lead to changes in the stability of the system. Establishing the judgment of the stability of uncertain delay differential system conditions is very important. Based on the strong Lipschitz condition, the judgment of p-th moment stability for uncertain delay differential equations (UDDEs) has been investigated. Actually, the strong Lipschitz condition is assumed that it only relates to the current state, it is difficult to be employed to determine the stability in p-th moment for the UDDEs. In this paper, we consider two kinds of new Lipschitz conditions containing the current state and the past state, which are more weaker than the strong Lipschitz condition. Meanwhile, new sufficient theorems and corollaries under the new Lipschitz conditions as the tools to judge the p-th moment stability for the UDDEs are proved. Some examples explain the rationality of the corresponding theorems and corollaries.
Segmentation of thyroid nodules from ultrasound images using convolutional neural network architectures
Authors: Ajilisa O.A. , Jagathy Raj V.P. , Sabu M.K.
Published: January 2022

Thyroid nodule segmentation is an indispensable part of the computer-aided diagnosis of thyroid nodules from ultrasound images. However, it remains challenging to segment the nodules from ultrasound images due to low contrast, high noise, diverse appearance, and complex thyroid nodules structure. So, it requires high clinical experience and expertise for proper detection of nodules. To alleviate the doctor’s tremendous effort in the diagnosis stage, we utilized several convolutional neural network architectures based on Encoder-Decoder architecture, U-Net architecture, Res-UNet architecture. To handle the complexity of the residual blocks, we also proposed three hybrid Res-UNet architectures by reducing the number of residual connections. The experimental analysis of the segmentation models proves the viability of residual learning in the U-Net architecture. Hybrid models which use minimum residual connections provide efficient segmentation frameworks similar to Res-UNet architecture with a minimum computational requirement. The experimental results indicate that all the segmentation models based on residual learning and U-Net can accurately delineate nodules without human intervention. This model helps to reduce dependencies on operators and acts as a decision tool for the radiologist.
Nearest fixed boundary negative selection algorithm based method for early-warning of centrifugal compressor unit without fault data
Authors: Lin Yang , Ling Yiqun , Yang Zhe , Wang Chunli , Li Chuankun
Published: January 2022

In the modern industrial process, a complete production process is achieved by requiring a variety of equipment to cooperate with each other. The abnormality in any equipment will have a large or small impact on process safety or product quality, resulting in increased risk. In recent years, many data-driven early-warning methods have been developed in academia. However, most of the methods need to be implemented on the support of normal and fault data. In order to overcome the problem, this paper establishes a new early-warning model based on negative selection algorithm (NSA) for centrifugal compressor unit without fault data. Firstly, a nearest neighbor fixed boundary negative selection algorithm (NFB-NSA) is proposed by optimizing detector generation mechanism and matching rules for test samples. Secondly, the performance of NFB-NSA is tested by Iris dataset. The experimental results among NFB-NSA, V-detector, and other anomaly detection methods for Iris dataset shows that NFB-NSA can achieve the highest detection accuracy and the lowest false alarm rate in most cases. Finally, the early-warning of centrifugal compressor unit under normal samples is carried on by NFB-NSA in this paper. Validated by field data, NFB-NSA is demonstrated to be of excellent accuracy and robustness by results of experiments. Moreover, the influence of size of training sample on performance of NFB-NSA is obtained.
A detailed kinetic study on the tautomerization reactions of barbituric acid: A combined DFT-QTAIM analysis
Authors: Hajali Narjes , Taghva Manesh Afshin , Seif Ahmad
Published: January 2022

A detailed kinetic study on the tautomerization reactions of barbituric acid (BA) at elevated temperatures from 270 K up to 1000 K was performed in this work. The B3LYP/6-311 + G(3df,2p) density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to evaluate the rate constants of transition states (TS) conversions of the tautomerization reactions. The connections from a given TS to the corresponding local minima of the reactant and product sides were confirmed by means of employing the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) method. Moreover, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) approach was employed to analyze the molecular mechanisms of reactions. The effects of vibrational normal mode frequencies of the reactant and TS were investigated on the curvature of the corresponding Arrhenius plot in the presence and absence of the tunneling effect. For each tautomerization reaction, the investigated reaction was partitioned into three different stages and four zones. The obtained results were plotted along with the corresponding reaction coordinates for each reaction considering and comparing different factors in agreement with already affirmed concepts. As a consequence, details of performed kinetic study on the tautomerization reactions of BA were successfully provided in this work.
On professional independence
Authors: Palma Mario
Published: January 2022

This article purports to contribute to the discussion and elucidation of the issue of professional independence in official statistics through the analysis of the basic tenets that inform its raison d’ etre, the main threats against it and the possible measures NSO’s can promote to protect it. It presents some cases, both from the past and present, where governments from different countries have intervened against or attempted to interfere in the work of their national statistical offices, undermining the integrity of official statistical data for the benefit of political interests. As a case study of the ways NSOs can promote the protection of their professional independence, the process of institutional autonomy of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico (INEGI) is examined.