bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eye of Horus: a vision-based framework for real-time water level measurement
Authors: Erfani Seyed Mohammad Hassan , Smith Corinne , Wu Zhenyao , Shamsabadi Elyas Asadi , Khatami Farboud , Downey Austin R. J. , Imran Jasim , Goharian Erfan
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Heavy rains and tropical storms often result in floods, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. Flood prediction models and inundation mapping tools provide decision-makers and emergency responders with crucial information to better prepare for these events. However, the performance of models relies on the accuracy and timeliness of data received from in situ gaging stations and remote sensing; each of these data sources has its limitations, especially when it comes to real-time monitoring of floods. This study presents a vision-based framework for measuring water levels and detecting floods using computer vision and deep learning (DL) techniques. The DL models use time-lapse images captured by surveillance cameras during storm events for the semantic segmentation of water extent in images. Three different DL-based approaches, namely PSPNet, TransUNet, and SegFormer, were applied and evaluated for semantic segmentation. The predicted masks are transformed into water level values by intersecting the extracted water edges, with the 2D representation of a point cloud generated by an Apple iPhone 13 Pro lidar sensor. The estimated water levels were compared to reference data collected by an ultrasonic sensor. The results showed that SegFormer outperformed other DL-based approaches by achieving 99.55 % and 99.81 % for intersection over union (IoU) and accuracy, respectively. Moreover, the highest correlations between reference data and the vision-based approach reached above 0.98 for both the coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency. This study demonstrates the potential of using surveillance cameras and artificial intelligence for hydrologic monitoring and their integration with existing surveillance infrastructure.
The evolution of isolated cavities and hydraulic connection at the glacier bed – Part 1: Steady states and friction laws
Authors: Schoof Christian
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Models of subglacial drainage and of cavity formation generally assume that the glacier bed is pervasively hydraulically connected. A growing body of field observations indicates that this assumption is frequently violated in practice. In this paper, I use an extension of existing models of steady-state cavitation to study the formation of hydraulically isolated, uncavitated, low-pressure regions of the bed, which would become flooded if they had access to the subglacial drainage system. I also study their natural counterpart, hydraulically isolated cavities that would drain if they had access to the subglacial drainage system. I show that connections to the drainage system are made at two different sets of critical effective pressure, a lower one at which uncavitated low-pressure regions connect to the drainage system and a higher one at which isolated cavities do the same. I also show that the extent of cavitation, determined by the history of connections made at the bed, has a dominant effect on basal drag while remaining outside the realm of previously employed basal friction laws: changes in basal effective pressure alone may have a minor effect on basal drag until a connection between a cavity and an uncavitated low-pressure region of the bed is made, at which point a drastic and irreversible drop in drag occurs. These results point to the need to expand basal friction and drainage models to include a description of basal connectivity.
Millennial and orbital-scale variability in a 54 000-year record of total air content from the South Pole ice core
Authors: Epifanio Jenna A. , Brook Edward J. , Buizert Christo , Pettit Erin C. , Edwards Jon S. , Fegyveresi John M. , Sowers Todd A. , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. , Kahle Emma C.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The total air content (TAC) of polar ice cores has long been considered a potential proxy for past ice sheet elevation. Recent work, however, has shown that a variety of other factors also influence this parameter. In this paper we present a high-resolution TAC record from the South Pole ice core (SPC14) covering the last 54 000 years and discuss the implications of the data for interpreting TAC from ice cores. The SPC14 TAC record shows multiple features of interest, including (1) long-term orbital-scale variability, (2) millennial-scale variability in the Holocene and last glacial period, and (3) a period of stability from 35 to 25 ka. The longer, orbital-scale variations in TAC are highly correlated with integrated summer insolation (ISI), corroborating the potential of TAC to provide an independent dating tool via orbital tuning. Large millennial-scale variability in TAC during the last glacial period is positively correlated with past accumulation rate reconstructions as well as δ15N-N2, a firn thickness proxy. These TAC variations are too large to be controlled by direct effects of temperature and too rapid to be tied to elevation changes. We propose that grain size metamorphism near the firn surface explains these changes. We note, however, that at sites with different climate histories than the South Pole, TAC variations may be dominated by other processes. Our observations of millennial-scale variations in TAC show a different relationship with accumulation rate than observed at sites in Greenland.
Explorando nuevas fronteras visuales en festivales musicales: espectáculos de drones y la evolución de la pantalla tridimensional
Authors: Roncero Palomar Ricardo
Published: November 2023

Esta investigación se enmarca en la exploración de nuevos recursos visuales que complementan la experiencia de la música en vivo, centrándose en el uso de espectáculos de drones como una innovadora forma de representación visual. El objetivo principal de este estudio es comprender y distinguir las características distintivas de este tipo de pantallas en comparación con otros elementos visuales presentes en los conciertos. Para lograrlo, se hará uso de referencias bibliográficas relevantes en el campo y se llevará a cabo un estudio detallado de un caso concreto: el concierto de la cantante islandesa Björk en el festival de Coachella en 2023, donde utilizó un conjunto de 864 drones. Los resultados obtenidos incluyen beneficios y limitaciones de este tipo de representación, justificados dentro del contexto de la creciente espectacularización de los grandes conciertos y festivales musicales dirigidos a audiencias masivas..
Pantallas en espacios colectivos: una exploración multidisciplinar
Authors: Roncero Palomar Ricardo , Gómez Alonso Rafael
Published: November 2023

Presentación para el monográfico Pantallas en Espacios Colectivos.
The semantics of clause linkage: analysis of the finite complex complementation types in the English complain verbs
Authors: Martín-Padrón Federico José
Published: November 2023

This article engages with the semantics of complex finite syntactic linkages of the complain verbs in English, as in Levin (1993). Since these verbs display two main types of complex complementation patterns, this research explains how semantics motivates and predicts to a great extent the clause linkage process through the Interclausal Relations Hierarchy, the Interclausal Semantics Relation Hierarchy, and the Syntactic Interclausal Relations Hierarchy, within the Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) framework. RRG’s solid proposal is employed in this research for the systematization of the syntax-semantics interface of these verbs, drawing two main conclusions. Firstly, the results accommodate and respect the rationale of the Iconicity Principle governing the hierarchy: the closer the semantic bond (indirect discourse > direct discourse), the tighter the syntactic link (clausal subordination (daughter) > sentential subordination (daughter)). And secondly, I argue in favor that sentential subordination (daughter) is the kind of syntactic link prompted by the direct discourse semantic relation, as this has not been fully dealt with within this theory of grammar.
El enfoque de resiliencia en la nueva arquitectura de la Cooperación Española
Authors: Colina Martín Sergio , Mayeur Carolina
Published: November 2023

La nueva Ley de Cooperación para el Desarrollo Sostenible hace referencia a la resiliencia, pero no desarrolla las implicaciones de dicho enfoque para la nueva arquitectura de la Cooperación Española. El artículo pretende llamar la atención sobre la oportunidad de aprovechar la reforma en marcha del sistema para colocar la resiliencia en el corazón de una cooperación renovada, recuperando la reflexión desarrollada en años anteriores y resaltando su potencial transformador. La necesidad de enfrentarse a escenarios de crisis múltiples y cambiantes, exacerbada desde la aparición de la pandemia de COVID-19, aboga en favor de una apuesta decidida por la construcción de resiliencia.
The epistemic ethical concerns involving algorithms in intelligent communication
Authors: Lin Jialin , Chen Changfeng
Published: November 2023

With the development and application of algorithms as catalysts, the changing modes of information production, dissemination, and consumption have also given rise to a myriad of serious ethical challenges. This study employs a multi-case approach and semistructured in-depth interviews to examine three prominent international information technology companies, namely, Meta, Sina, and Byte Dance. By investigating the utilization of algorithms in content creation and distribution and adopting an epistemic, ethical framework, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of information cocooning resulting from inconclusive algorithmic evidence, the presence of algorithmic black boxes stemming from inscrutable evidence, and the issue of algorithmic bias caused by misguided evidence. Consequently, this paper proposes three fundamental ethical principles for algorithmic systems: certainty, interpretability, and reliability.
BAT (Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent) as a post-shanzhai phenomenon: An analysis from the perspective of antifragility and modularization
Authors: Benítez-Eyzaguirre Lucía , Gordo Angel
Published: November 2023

Shanzhai refers to the production of mobile phones that imitate popular brands, a practice that became widespread in China around a decade ago. This form of production is characterized by modularity: the division of products into small independent components that make it easier to update and replace parts without affecting the whole. In this article, we analyze modularization as a post-shanzhai phenomenon in China’s largest technology companies – Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent (BAT) – in order to compare them to their Western equivalents: Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft (GAFAM). Instead of exoticizing Chinese technological development or undertaking another postcolonial reading, we use the concepts of ‘boundary objects’ and ‘antifragility’ to put the revolutionary values that endure in post-shanzhai China (and elsewhere) into perspective. In addition, we conclude that a fuller sociohistorical understanding of the ambivalences of shanzhai may encourage more self-critical understandings of Western technological and digital developments.
Application of Acupressure Therapy to Increase Breast Milk Production in Spontaneous Post Partum Mothers
Authors: El Haque Iif Taufiq , Roslianti Elis , Fitriani Ade , Lestari Indah Dwi
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Acupressure is a non-pharmacological technique that can increase breast milk production, which is useful for increasing body stamina, improving blood circulation, reducing pain, reducing stress, or calming the mind. Acupressure serves to increase the hormone oxytocin, which can calm the mother, so that breast milk comes out by itself. Objective: This case study is to determine the effectiveness of acupressure therapy in increasing breast milk production in spontaneous postpartum clients. Method: This study uses a case study design with a nursing care approach that focuses on nursing interventions. The research was conducted in Teratai Room 2, RSUD Banjar City, from June 2, 2023, to June 4, 2023. The participants in this study were Mrs. W, 32 years old, a woman who complained that her milk production was low. The nursing process is focused on the main problem, namely ineffective breastfeeding. Objective data and subjective data are used as references on a regular basis to obtain results when an assessment is carried out. The instruments used were leaflets, observation sheets, and all the tools used in physical examinations. The focus of the intervention was the application of acupressure therapy to increase breast milk production in spontaneous postpartum mothers. Result: This case study is supported by objective and subjective data. The objective data obtained were that the patient admitted that the breasts did not feel tight, the breasts were clean, there were no lesions or redness, blood pressure 120/80 mmHg, temperature 36.6oC, pulse 86 x/min, respiration 20 x/min. subjective data, namely the recognition of patients complaining of very little milk expenditure. Conclusion: The intervention is thought to be effective against the effect of acupressure therapy on increasing milk production in postpartum patients. Theoretically, this research does not conflict with previous research, so it can be used as a reference in future research. Meanwhile, clinically, interventions made for ineffective breastfeeding problems can be an alternative to eliminating nursing problems in hospitals, health centers, or other health clinics.
Potential Influence of Albizia Lebbeck on Corrosion Effect of the Bond Between Steel and Concrete
Authors: S.A. Iwekumo , K. Charles
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of corrosion on the bond strength between reinforcing steel and concrete and the potential of using exudate coating to improve the bond strength in corrosive environments. The finding showed that the failure load and bond strength of corroded concrete cube specimens were significantly lower than non-corroded control cube specimens. The use of exudate coating on steel reinforcements, however, can significantly improve the pullout bond strength in corrosive environments. The study also showed a slight reduction in the measured rebar diameter for corroded specimens compared to non-corroded specimens. The Albizia lebbeck exudate-coated steel bars showed higher bond strength and maximum slip values compared to non-corroded control specimens, indicating that the exudate coating may have provided protection against corrosion. Further research into the long-term effects of using Albizia lebbeck exudate-coated steel bars and the cost-effectiveness of this method is required.
Škodlivosť korupcie a opatrenia proti nej v rezorte obrany Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Jirásková Soňa
Published: November 2023

The main objective of this article is to provide basic information about the motives leading to corrupt behaviour, to explain the essence of corruption from the point of view of public economics, to present the classification of corruption according to selected signs, to describe the manifestations of corrupt behaviour and to focus attention on the possibilities of preventing phenomena associated with corruption in the Department of the Ministry of Defence of the Slovak Republic.
Je koncepcia ľudskej bezpečnosti prekonaná?
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Martaus Petra
Published: November 2023

The introduction of human security concept through the UN Development Programme’s Human Development Report from 1994 promised a revolutionary move in security studies, reorienting the focus on individuals rather than the states. The hopes that this concept would significantly change the course of security studies thinking did not fulfill, at least not as some had hoped. However, other critics argue that it still has potential, and they continue to provide empirical evidence that recognizes the work non-state actors do in providing security and to influence the policy of states and international institutions. As such, the human security concept continues to be relevant to state and non-state actors alike.
Prístup k ľudskej bezpečnosti
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Martaus Petra
Published: November 2023

In more recent history, human security has been bifurcated by both broad and narrow definitions. A broad approach to human security is based on the concept of “freedom from want” and the narrow approach on “freedom from fear”. While these categorizations are, admittedly, rather simplistic in their labels, they do prove useful in illustrating how different advocates of human security follow quite different paths in pushing for human security action.
Extrémizmus, predmet záujmu kriminalistiky a kriminológie
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Martaus Tomáš , Martaus Petra ,   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika
Published: November 2023

The paper provides an insight into the application of criminalistics and criminology in the fight against extremism. It points to the importance of these two disciplines in eliminating this specific anti-social phenomenon. In the case of criminalistics, it analyzes the most appropriate forensic methods serving to detect extremist anti-social activities. In the case of criminology, it highlights the profile of the perpetrators of extremist acts, as well as the necessary profilaxes in the fight against extremism. The elaborated paper is based on the conclusions of several renowned scientists and their researches and analyses. He subjects these conclusions to a synthetic and analytical view.
Vlastenectvo a empirická analýza záujmu mládeže o vstup do Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Martinská Mária , Šrobárová Soňa ,   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Grejták Marek ,   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the theoretical definition of the methodological starting points of society and the army with an emphasis on the current specifics of the concept of youth, the structure of youth and especially military youth. The future of the armed forces, the success of recruitment into the professional army depends significantly on whether the youth will be interested in serving in the army, what is their attitude towards the defense of the homeland. The research presented in the article focuses on a closer empirical knowledge of the relationship between youth and the army and, as a priority, on the question of youth interest in joining the army.
yužívanie simulačných technológií na zvyšovanie efektívnosti rozhodovacieho procesu vo vojenstve
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl gen. M. R. Štefánika, Bystriansky Ivan
Published: November 2023

During problem solving, the terms decision-making and decision are often invoked. Both terms are an integral part of military theory as well as practice. There is, however, a significant difference between them. If decision-making expresses a process, then a decision is the result of that process. It follows that if an optimal decision is to be made, then it is desirable to make effective use of decision-making procedures and methods. Military decision making process is generally carried out on the basis of established methodologies using empirical methods of decision making. In this way, a prevailing subjectivity and templateness is introduced into the process. Based on the aforementioned insights, this article aims to highlight the significant need for investigating selected sub-processes to improve the effectiveness of the decision-making process.
Vyčkávací munice v soudobých konfliktech
Authors:   Univerzita obrany, Brno, Galba Jaroslav
Published: November 2023

Loitering munition has received renewed interest in the last years. Due to its proliferation and extensive use in contemporary armed conflicts, new phenomenon emerged with wide-spread discussions of what it can bring to present and future armed forces. The article aims to characterize the key attributes which distinguish this asset from both traditional unmanned aerial vehicles and guided missiles. Then, the performance of different types of loitering munition is discussed in specific operational conditions of two contemporary conflicts of high intensity – in the Nagorno-Karabakh War of 2020 and during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022-23). Based on that, the article claims that loitering munition, among other assets, contributes to the trend of democratization of air power in contested environment. Finally, the issue of counter-UAS with the focus on loitering munition specifically is identified as one of the critical challenges for the development of force protection capabilities.
The Effect of Anticonvulsants on Bone Mineral Density: Brief Review
Authors: Sivakova N. A. , Abramova I. V. , Rybasova V. P. , Trukhina I. Yu. , Lukina L. V. , Nasyrova R. F. , Mikhailov V. A. , Mazo G. E.
Published: November 2023

The effect of anticonvulsants on bone mineral density changes in epileptic patients is an important and relevant scientific question. This brief review focuses on assessing the existing knowledge on how antiepileptic drugs affect bone mineral density. The review examines the various mechanisms that may influence bone mineral density when anticonvulsants are taken. Based on a literature search and analysis, advances in the field are identified and their contribution to the current understanding of the issue is assessed. Overall, this review can serve as an informative resource for understanding the relationship between antiepileptic drugs and bone mineral density and as a direction for future research.
Role of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics of Antidepressant-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval and Torsade de Pointes in Patients with Mental Disorders
Authors: Shnayder N. A. , Kidyaeva A. V. , Vaiman E. E. , Asadullin A. R. , Petrova M. M. , Kaskaeva D. S. , Matyushin G. V. , Evsyukov A. A. , Galko E. V. , Garganeeva N. P. , Chumakova G. A. , Lareva N. V. , Neznanov N. G. , Nasyrova R. F.
Published: November 2023

Antidepressants (ADs) include drugs of various pharmacological groups, which are mainly used for the treatment of mental disorders (major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder), chronic pain and addiction diseases. Chronic use of ADs can lead to the development of cardiotoxic adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The most important cardiotoxic AD-induced ADRs are prolongation of the QT interval, ventricular tachycardia of the "pirouette" type (Torsades de Pointes - TdP). This narrative review analyzes and summarizes the results of studies on pharmacokinecis and pharmacogenetics of ADs on QT interval prolongation and updates physicians' knowledge of the risk of developing AD-induced TdP in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Thực trạng quản lí hoạt động giáo dục tình cảm, kỹ năng xã hội cho trẻ ở các trường mẫu giáo huyện Châu Thành, tỉnh Đồng Tháp
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thu Tiên , Huỳnh Mộng Tuyền
Published: November 2023

Bài báo xác định khung lí luận về quản lí hoạt động giáo dục tình cảm, kỹ năng xã hội cho trẻ mẫu giáo; Thực trạng quản lí hoạt động giáo dục tình cảm, kỹ năng xã hội cho trẻ được nghiên cứu làm rõ các thành tố cơ bản nhất của hoạt động giáo dục tình cảm, kỹ năng xã hội và các công việc quản lí cụ thể là lập kế hoạch, tổ chức, chỉ đạo, kiểm tra đánh giá; Kết quả đạt được và những hạn chế của quản lí hoạt động giáo dục giáo dục tình cảm, kỹ năng xã hội cho trẻ được đánh giá toàn diện, trọng tâm, sát thực và rút ra được những kết luận cụ thể. Những luận cứ lí luận và thực tiễn nghiên cứu làm cơ sở cho đề xuất biện pháp quản lí hoạt động giáo dục tình cảm, kỹ năng xã hội cho trẻ ở trường mẫu giáo huyện Châu Thành, tỉnh Đồng Tháp.
FREELANCING IN THE KAZAKHSTAN MARKET: NEW OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Rakhmetulina Zh. B. , Urekeshova A. B. , Suleimenova A. O.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the research. Assessment of the real volume of the freelance services market, the scale of freelancing in the Kazakh labor market based on the available official data from the information systems.

Methodology includes the use of methods: statistical and quantitative analysis of labor market indicators; qualitative analysis in reviewing the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the topic of research; graphic methods of visualizing the results of the study.

Originality/value of the research. The paper offers the results of the analysis of the current state and key problems of Kazakhstan's freelancing market; it assesses the scale of domestic freelancing, considered new prospects for the development of freelance, its social and economic role in solving the problems of reducing unemployment and ensuring employment of the population.

Findings. Freelancing in Kazakhstan is currently not widespread and has little impact on the labor market, although many freelancers are still out of the picture. The freelance services market is closely interconnected with the situation on the labor market. Rather high level of unemployment, lack of opportunity to get a job in their specialty force people to this type of employment.
Integrating Edge Computing and Software Defined Networking in Internet of Things: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kamarudin Imran Edzereiq , Ameedeen Mohamed Ariff , Ab Razak Mohd Faizal , Zabidi Azlee
Published: November 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed our interaction with the world by connecting devices,
sensors, and systems to the Internet, enabling real-time monitoring, control, and automation in various applications
such as smart cities, healthcare, transportation, homes, and grids. However, challenges related to latency, privacy,
and bandwidth have arisen due to the massive influx of data generated by IoT devices and the limitations of
traditional cloud-based architectures. Moreover, network management, interoperability, security, and scalability
issues have emerged due to the rapid growth and heterogeneous nature of IoT devices. To overcome such
problems, researchers proposed a new architecture called Software Defined Networking for Edge Computing in the
Internet of Things (SDN-EC-IoT), which combines Edge Computing for the Internet of Things (EC-IoT) and
Software Defined Internet of Things (SDIoT). Although researchers have studied EC-IoT and SDIoT as individual
architectures, they have not yet addressed the combination of both, creating a significant gap in our understanding
of SDN-EC-IoT. This paper aims to fill this gap by presenting a comprehensive review of how the SDN-EC-IoT
paradigm can solve IoT challenges. To achieve this goal, this study conducted a literature review covering 74
articles published between 2019 and 2023. Finally, this paper identifies future research directions for SDN-EC-IoT,
including the development of interoperability platforms, scalable architectures, low latency and Quality of Service
(QoS) guarantees, efficient handling of big data, enhanced security and privacy, optimized energy consumption,
resource-aware task offloading, and incorporation of machine learning.
Effect of Tranexamic Acid in Prevention of Post-Partum Haemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Tripathi Priyanka , Kumar Pramod , Jain Shuchi M , Shelke Shila
Published: November 2023

Background: Treatment of Post partum haemorrhage relies primarily on uterotonics, but early use of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) has become part of several recommended algorithms. Recent data has demonstrated that Tranexamic Acid (TXA), an antifibrinolytic agent, reduces death due to bleeding when used as a treatment for PPH. This study was conducted with an objective to see the role of tranexamic acid along with uterotonic agent (oxytocin) in prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study carried out at the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) wing Department of a rural tertiary care hospital and medical college situated in the central India during January 2021 to December 2022. A total sample size of 1640 patients attending labour room for vaginal birth or caesarean section in 3rd stage of labour were included in the study. Total 1640 women were further divided into two groups, Group A (receiving both tranexamic acid along with oxytocin) and Group B (receiving only oxytocin). Blood loss in each group was measured by visual method and Gravimetric (measurement by weight) method. They were followed till delivery; maternal and neonatal outcome was studied. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 27.0 version and GraphPad Prism 7.0 version and p<0.05 considered as level of significance. Results: The majority of patients in Group A and Group B were between 26-30 years of age group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of maternal age, gestational age, gravida and booking status. The mean foetal birth weight among Group A was 2421.28 ± 626.91 and Group B was 2381.38 ± 721.20 with no significant difference between the groups. There was significant reduction in blood loss in study group A as compared to control group in both vaginal and LSCS birth with statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Tranexamic acid injection, an antifibrinolytic agent when given prophylactically after delivery of placenta along with oxytocin appears to reduce the blood loss during normal labour as well as caesarean sections effectively.
加護病房醫療團隊對安寧療護知識與態度之探討
Authors: 陳淑菁 陳淑菁 , 劉翠瑤 劉翠瑤 , Tsui-Yao Liu 浦啟明 , 洪啓峯 洪啓峯
Published: November 2023

目的：探討加護病房醫療團隊對安寧療護知識與態度之相關因素。方法：採橫斷式研究設計，以北部某區域醫院之加護病房醫療團隊在醫院執業滿六個月以上之成員為研究對象。透過結構式問卷調查共完成220份有效問卷，包含背景資料、安寧療護知識量表、安寧療護態度量表，以單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關係數與迴歸進行資料分析。結果：加護病房醫療人員在安寧療護照顧知識平均得分為18.95(SD=1.81)分，答對率為86.14%；安寧療護照顧態度平均得分為60.28(SD=6.71)分。其中加護病房醫療人員在人口屬性、工作屬性、教育經驗的統計量達顯著水準(p<0.05)。運用皮爾森相關分析法進行統計分析，「安寧療護知識量表」及「安寧療護態度量表」的相關分析中，相關係數無顯著相關(r=-0.02，p=0.78)。醫療人員在安寧療護照護知識與態度之預測因子，複迴歸模型F檢定達顯著水準(F=3.2，p<0.001)，t檢定結果顯示，可預測醫療人員在安寧療護照護知識越高，傾向越可提供末期病人緩和醫療照護。結論：加護病房醫療團隊人員對生命末期安寧照護知識越完整，越能提供完整重症末期照護。建議規劃安寧照護研習活動及教育訓練，鼓勵參與安寧療護種子培訓，取得各類安寧證照，增進各職類人員在安寧療護基礎概念及實務學習，並藉由醫療團隊的溝通合作，提升末期病人照護品質，以達病人善終、家屬無憾的目標。

 

Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors related to the knowledge and attitude of the intensive care unit (ICU) medical team towards palliative care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among members of the ICU medical team who had worked for more than six months in a hospital in northern Taiwan. A total of 220 valid questionnaires were completed through structured questionnaire surveys, including background information, palliative care knowledge scale, palliative care attitude scale, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Results: The average score of intensive care unit medical staff in palliative care knowledge was 18.95 (SD=1.81) points, with a correct rate of 86.14%; The average score of intensive care unit medical staff in palliative care attitude was 60.28 (SD=6.71) points. Among them, the statistical quantity of intensive care unit medical staff in demographic attributes, job attributes and education experience reached a significant level (p <0.05). Using Pearson correlation analysis method for statistical analysis, there was no significant correlation between the “palliative care knowledge scale” and “palliative care attitude scale” (r =-0.02, p =0.78). The predictive factors for medical staff’s knowledge and attitude towards palliative care were tested by multiple regression model F test at a significant level (F=3.2, p <0.001). The t-test results showed that higher knowledge of medical staff in palliative care tended to provide end-of-life patients with palliative medical care. Conclusion: The more comprehensive the knowledge of end-of-life palliative care among ICU medical team members, the better the care they can provide for critically ill patients. It is recommended to plan palliative care training and education activities, encourage participation in palliative care seed training, obtain various palliative care certifications, improve the basic concepts and practical learning of palliative care among various healthcare professionals, and through communication and cooperation within the medical team, improve the quality of end-of-life care for patients, and achieve the goal of a peaceful death and no regrets for their families.

 
腎細胞癌的生長可能會改變代謝和轉移
Authors: 陳立育 陳立育 , 周曉旻 周曉旻 , 辜啟泰 辜啟泰 , 陳仲達 陳仲達 , Jong-Dar Chen 陳遠光
Published: November 2023

背景與目的：18-氟-2-去氧葡萄糖（FDG）正子斷層造影（PET）對原發性腎細胞癌（RCC）的檢測靈敏度較低。然而，有證據顯示FDG PET或PET/電腦斷層掃描(CT)是檢測RCC患者轉移性或復發性病變的重要工具。本研究旨在探討腎細胞癌的生長是否可能轉變為FDG代謝與轉移。研究方法：我們回顧了在我們機構的正子斷層造影(PET)中心看到的22例RCC（透明細胞型）患者的病歷。在這 22 名患者中，14名患者在FDG PET/CT掃描中偶然發現腎臟病變，並經組織病理學證實RCC無轉移（作為 A 組）。8例RCC患者全身FDG PET/CT掃描均有腎外轉移病灶（B組）。研究結果：我們研究中所有患者的基線特徵之間的關係，發現腫瘤大小與腎腫瘤中FDG 攝取的SUVmean(r=0.80，p<0.001)呈正相關。此外，轉移狀態與 SUVmean(r=0.64,p=0.001)以及腫瘤大小(r=0.66,p=0.001)之間存在正相關。當RCC腫瘤大小大於4cm且視覺評分大於1被用作我們研究中的截止值時，曲線下面積(AUC)為0.902（95% CI：0.77-1.00），靈敏度和特異性為100%和85.7%。結論：FDG PET/CT顯示大於4cm的RCC生長可能轉變為FDG代謝和轉移。

 

Background and purpose: F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has a low sensitivity for primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) de-tection. Then, evidence suggests that FDG PET or PET/computed tomography (CT) is a valuable tool in the detection of metastatic or recurrent lesions in patients with RCC. This study aims to explore whether renal cell carcinoma growth may change into FDG metabolism associated with metastasis. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 22 patients with RCC (clear cell type) seen at our institution’s PET center. Of these 22 patients, 14 patients have an incidental finding of renal lesion on FDG PET/CT scans and histopathologically proven RCC without metastasis later (as group A). 8 patients have RCC with extra-renal metastasis lesion on FDG PET/CT scans of the whole body (as group B). Results: Talking about the relationship among baseline characteristics of all patients in our study, a positive correlation was found in tumor size between with SUVmean (r=0.80, p<0.001) of FDG uptake in the renal tu-mor. In addition, there was a positive correlation between metastasis status and SU-Vmean (r=0.64, p=0.001) as well as tumor size (r=0.66, p=0.001). When an RCC tu-mor size larger than 4 cm and a visual score larger than 1 were used as the cutoff value in our study, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.902 (95% CI: 0.77-1.00), with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85.7%. Conclusion: FDG PET/CT shows RCC growth larger than 4 cm may change into FDG metabolism and metastasis.

 
複雜深頸感染致脊椎長節硬腦膜外膿瘍併休克之案例討論及文獻探討
Authors: 陳立羣 陳立羣 , 謝陳平 謝陳平 , 陳世穎 陳世穎
Published: November 2023

脊椎長節硬腦膜外膿瘍為罕見的嚴重感染病症，常為其他部位嚴重感染導致之複雜感染。其臨床表現通常會導致誤導性體徵和症狀。感染病變本身會擴大以壓迫脊髓，導致嚴重症狀、永久性並發症，甚至死亡。本個案報告研究並分析一名 69 歲男子因突然四肢癱瘓、肩下麻木、血流動力學狀態不穩定和呼吸衰竭被送入急診室。影像學檢查顯示頸部深部感染、右側胸膜外膿胸和頸-胸-腰椎硬膜外膿腫。病人接受先於急診接受插管、膿胸手術清創和抗生素治療，待生命徵象穩定後接受頸椎第1-3節椎板切除術及膿腫清創術。經過6週的抗生素治療和復健治療，病人手腳無力的症狀得到很大改善。

 

Spinal epidural abscess is an uncommon but critical central nervous infection. It can be life threatening and result in severe morbidity. We presented with a case of pan-spinal epidural abscess with relation to deep neck infection, empyema and shock. He had sudden quadriplegia with numbness below shoulder, unstable hemodynamic status and respiratory failure. Emergency intubation, surgical debridement of the em-pyema and prescription of antibiotics were the initial treatments. His vital signs grad-ually stabilized and then he received surgical decompression of C1-3 laminectomy and debridement of the spinal abscess. After the antibiotic treatment and rehabilitation for 6 weeks his hands and legs weakness got much improving and can have oral intake by himself. Pan-spinal epidural abscess usually involves many other medical problems, therefore resulting poor physical condition and poor prognosis. With interdisciplinary teamwork and critical care medicine there is more and more evidence supporting that surgical intervention with antibiotic treatment and rehabilitation is recommended for the patient with pan-spinal epidural abscess

 
NESTs的教學對科技大學EFL學習的影響：質性研究
Authors: 蘇紹雯 蘇紹雯
Published: November 2023

關於英語為母語的英語教師（簡稱外師）的教學對台灣學生有何影響是值得探討的議題。本研究採用半結構訪談研究方法，收集深入的質性資料，並以紮根理論分析訪談資料。研究對象為在台灣南部的四所科技大學任教之八名外師，以及在本研究期間八名全職非外籍英語教師、12名英語系學生，以獲得多面向的看法。研究結果顯示外師的教學對學生的EFL學習有其好與壞的影響。正面影響包括（1）外師的語言優勢有利於學生的英語學習，尤其是在會話技巧方面；（2）外師教學之特色在於採用活潑的教學方法，例如：有趣的活動，豐富的肢體語言和互動，鼓勵學生以目標語言進行口說及聽力活動；（3）在外師教室中學生發展出文化的意識和/或啟發。負面影響：學生的語言障礙、對外師的誤解、在外師的EFL課堂中無法流暢地回應，最嚴重的是，學生產生學習焦慮及壓力。外師與學生在文化上與期待上具有差異，導致了課堂中進行真正的溝通時遇到困難，有時還會產生緊張關係。學生的雙語和跨文化需求與大多數外師所採取的單一語言或「僅英語」教室政策相左。

 

The effects of NESTs’ instruction on Taiwanese students are worth investigation. A semi-structured interview study was adopted to collate in-depth qualitative data, along with a grounded theory to analyze the data. The participants included eight NESTs, currently teaching at the time of the survey, from four technological universities in Southern Taiwan, coupled with eight full-time non-NESTs and 12 English major students to gain multiple perspectives. The results demonstrated that NESTs’ instruction had both positive and negative effects on students’ EFL learning. The positive effects included: (1) NESTs’ language edge benefited students’ English learning, especially in conversational skills; (2) active teaching methods were characterized by the NESTs’ delivery, such as fun activities, rich body language, and interaction, which encouraged the students to undertake speaking and listening activities in the target language; (3) the students in NEST classrooms developed cultural awareness. The negative effects were as follows: the students’ language barrier, misunderstanding of the NESTs, inability to respond fluently in the NESTs’ EFL classes, and, most seriously, learning anxiety and stress. Gaps between the NESTs and the students in relation to culture and expectations also resulted in difficulties in real communication in class and sometimes tensions. Students’ bilingual and cross-cultural needs were at odds with the monolingualism or "English only" classroom policy of most of the NESTs.

 
標點符號：聖經文本的黃燈—以«以弗所書» 1:3-14 為例
Authors: 何萬儀 何萬儀
Published: November 2023

就如紅綠燈變成黃色時，不是每個人都清楚正確的行為方式，譯者們也不易察覺是否在聖經文本中恰當地使用標點符號。因為在早期的聖經手稿中，字與字沒有分隔也沒有標點符號。現代標點符號是後來添加的，同一文本在不同譯者之間就標點和斷句而言可能存在相當大的差異。例如以弗所書1：3-14，長達十二節的經文在希臘原文僅為一個句子，各譯本選用標點符號應考量諸多因素，因為在閱讀路徑中，它是傳達文本意涵的基本號誌。

 

Not everyone is clear about the correct way to act when the traffic light turns amber, nor do translators know for sure whether they punctuate the biblical text correctly, because in the early manuscripts of the Bible there were no word divisions or punctuation marks. The punctuation marks that today’s readers are so used to are a later addition, and the same text can have considerable differences in punctuation from translator to translator. In order to optimally punctuate a text such as the passage Ephesians 1:3-14, which is a long and complex sentence, one must take care, among other elements, of the punctuation marks, since they are rudimentary signs in the reading path with which we convey the meaning of the text.

 
綠色行銷、企業社會責任、企業形象對消費者購買意願之 關聯性研究－以科技產品為例
Authors: 李嘉恩 李嘉恩 , 賴明材 賴明材
Published: November 2023

隨著工業及科技的蓬勃發展，地球資源被大量開發，使得全球氣溫升高、極端氣候發生的頻率增加，各國政府、企業也紛紛開始投入綠色保護的行列。因此，本研究旨在探討綠色行銷、企業社會責任、企業形象與購買意願等四個構面之關聯性。研究結果顯示，綠色行銷、企業社會責任及企業形象都會正向顯著影響消費者之購買意願，企業社會責任及企業形象也會間接影響綠色行銷對消費者購買意願。企業若更加重視環境及社會等議題並在行銷、執行、管理方面進行相關改善，可提升企業本身對於企業社會責任的重視外，也對於企業本身的形象能夠有所提升，連帶著消費者購買意願也將隨之增加。

 

It has been a goal for governments and enterprises to achieve the issues of environmental protection and sustainable development. Since environmental changes and climate instability have caused consumers’ interest in green products, firms have started to focus on green issues and launch environmental policies to reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, this study aims to discover the relationship among green marketing, corporate social responsibility, corporate image, and consumers’ purchase intention. The results show that green marketing, corporate social responsibility and corporate image will have positive effect on consumers’ purchase intention, furthermore, and corporate social responsibility and corporate image will have indirect effect between green marketing and consumers’ purchase intention. If enterprises pay more attention to environmental and social issues and make relevant improvements in marketing, execution, and management, it will not only enhance the company’s emphasis on corporate social responsibility, but also improve the corporate image of the enterprise, and consumers’ purchase intention will increase accordingly.

 
健康數據創新之門
Authors: 蘇明威 蘇明威
Published: November 2023

現下的醫療，依疾病別及症狀給予一致的治療方案。人與人的不同，讓疾病的病程產生差異，對於藥物的反應也不同。而數據就是藉以區分人與人的不同的工具，不再僅限於過去用於醫療診斷的數據如血壓及血糖等，更包含了多樣的體學數據如基因體及蛋白質體等。希望藉數據去區分人與人的不同，而這前所未有的數據規模，也讓我們亟需新的工具來對應及處理。如果說未來的醫療是精準醫療，是建構於區分你我的不同之上的醫療，那麼毫無疑問的是精準醫療將會是一個由數據驅動的世界。我們在這裡描述了數據在精準醫療所代表的意義以及與人工智慧可能的互動，並且分享了人體生物資料庫的成功應用及未來挑戰。

 

Current medical practices are based on a one-size-fits-all approach, but health data can be used to realize the application of precision medicine. Such data cover not only conventional medical metrics, such as blood pressure and glucose level, but also a broad range of omics data, such as genomic and proteomic data. This article discusses the role of data in the emerging field of precision medicine and examines its symbiotic relationship with artificial intelligence. Additionally, successful examples of and challenges in biobank applications are explored. There are things known and things unknown and in between are the doors. - Jim Morrison

 
手部感染概述與預防
Authors: 陳郁慧 陳郁慧
Published: November 2023

當手部皮膚、手指、角質層或指甲皺褶受傷時，就容易發生手部感染，手部感染很常見。它們可以影響所有年齡層的患者。感染有多種類型和原因，常見原因包括修指甲、指甲內嵌、咬傷或刺傷。感染可能出現在指甲皺褶、指尖或手上的任何地方。手部感染大致可分為淺層感染或深層感染，分別取決於它們是否涉及皮膚和皮下軟組織，或更深的結構。手部感染的範圍從手指、手掌及其深部組織，從病毒感染到細菌和真菌感染，影響差異很大。考慮併發症的風險，應教育患者有關手部感染的徵象和症狀，並鼓勵患者當出現任何相關異常時，應先取得醫生的評估，早期診斷及治療可以防止較輕微的感染發展為需要手術治療的感染。 同時預防手部感染的一般原則是從基本衛生開始，並在處理危險物質或從事危險工作時遵循安全守則，定期進行手部衛生有助於消除微物。

 

Hand infections are common occurrences, particularly in injured hand skin, fingers, cuticles, or nail folds. These infections affect people of all ages and exist in many forms, with common causes such as manicure, ingrown nails, bites, or punctures. Hand infections can occur anywhere on the hand, including nail folds and fingertips, and may be superficial or deep depending on whether the skin, subcutaneous soft tissue, or deeper structures are involved. The effects of hand infections vary considerably with the infection site (e.g., finger or palm), dept (e.g., deep structure), and type (e.g., viral, bacterial, or fungal). Given the risk of complications, patients with hand infections should be educated about the signs and symptoms of hand infections. They should also be encouraged to seek medical attention upon observing any signs of infection to receive early diagnosis and treatment, thereby preventing mild infections from progressing to a stage that requires surgical treatment. To prevent hand infections, one should practice hand hygiene regularly as a general principle to avoid harmful microorganisms and follow relevant safety codes when handling hazardous materials or job tasks.

 
Al2O3/HFO2/Ta2O5堆疊閘極介電層於InGaZnO薄膜電晶體之研究及其在光感測的應用
Authors: 許世昌 許世昌 , Shih-Chang Shei 王一竹
Published: November 2023

非晶氧化銦鎵鋅(a-IGZO)是近期受矚目的金屬氧化物材料，普遍應用於顯示器上，具有非晶矽與多晶矽的優點，有高的電子遷移率、較佳的均勻度、較低的製程成本與可在室溫下製程，當TFT應用在大尺寸高解析的顯示器上時，每個電晶體所分配到開關時間變少，電晶體電性的研究及改善也越顯得重要。
在本研究中，我們對氧化銦鎵鋅薄膜電晶體在以不同高介電材質之堆疊結構閘極介電層探討其應用電晶體技術之可行性。從電性結果顯示，採用Ta2O5/HfO2/Al2O3堆疊結構閘極介電層的電晶體與單層閘極介電層的元件相較之下有較好的電晶體元件特性，堆疊結構閘極介電層增加40%的驅動電流，改善閘極電容值，提高載子遷移率，增強Ion/Ioff ratio，有更小的臨界電壓與臨界擺幅(S.S.)，堆疊結構氧化銦鎵鋅薄膜電晶體飽和電流、載子遷移率、臨界電壓、次臨界斜率、電流開關比分別為1.4 x 10−4uA、109Xcm2/VS、0.4V、0.38V/dec、2.76X106，堆疊結構閘極介電層中的材料有較高的介電常數，因此堆疊結構閘極電容的改善確實也是電流驅動能力提升的原因，並且介電層間會因氧密度的差異性形成Diople，在通道層吸引電子，使得堆疊結構閘極介電層的電晶體電流與單層閘極介電層的元件相較之下，有較大的驅動電流和電子電洞載子遷移率的增加，並且降低臨界電壓，從電性結果顯示，堆疊結構介電層比單層介電層元件有更好的電特性，基於前述的優異電性表現與製程相容性，此堆疊結構閘極介電層目前普遍使用於半導體廠且完全相容於現有的積體電路製程技術，使得堆疊結構閘極介電層具有應用於高效能電晶體技術的潛力，成為應用於下一世代電晶體之前瞻技術。
使用氧化銦鎵鋅做為主動層材料具有多項優點且為寬能隙的材料，適合應用於透明顯示器，本研究中第二部份，我們對氧化銦鎵鋅薄膜電晶體在不同波長光照下進行了光反應之研究，發現其具有光敏特性且與光波長及元件之操作模式有明顯的相依性，顯示出氧化銦鎵鋅薄膜電晶體除了應用在開關元件上，在光感偵測器上的應用也具潛力。Amorphous gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) is a target metal oxide material that has attracted attention recently. It has the advantages of amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon on common displays, with high electron mobility, best uniformity, and low cost of the process. When TFT is applied to a large-size and high-resolution display, the switching time allocated to each transistor becomes less, and the research and improvement of the electrical properties of the transistor are more likely to be important.
In this study, we explored the feasibility of applying transistor technology to indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors using stacked gate dielectric layers of different high-k materials. The electrical results show that the gate dielectric layer of the Ta2O5/HfO2/Al2O3 stacked structure has better characteristics of the transistor than the single-layer gate dielectric layer. The Ta2O5/HfO2/Al2O3 stacked structure could increases the driving current by 40%, and improve gate capacitance value, carrier mobility, and Ion/Ioff ratio. Such stacked dielectric structure have different oxygen density among dielectric layers, which will form Diople[14], attract electrons in the channel layer, so that the stacked structure has a larger driving current and mobility compared with the single-layer gate dielectric layer. Based on the study, the stacked structure dielectric layer is currently widely used in semiconductor factories and is fully compatible with the existing integrated circuit process technology, making the stacked gate dielectric layer have the potential to be used in high-performance transistor technology and become the next generation of transistors. Forward-looking technology.
In the second part of this research, we conducted indium gallium zinc oxide thin film transistors under different wavelengths of light. After studying the photoreaction, it is found that it has photosensitivity and is obviously dependent on the wavelength of light. It shows that indium gallium zinc oxide thin film transistors are not only used in switching elements, but also in photo-detectors. The application also has potential.