bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Missed opportunities: The rhetoric and reality of social justice in education and the elision of social class and community in South African Education Policy.
Authors: Vally Salim
Published: May 2018

This article examines the paradox of post-apartheid education policies which established the formal basis for social justice and equity through legislation while in reality these laudable goals remain unattainable and elusive. The article is informed by and builds on the conceptualisation and analysis of the barriers to social justice and equality in education by global and local critical, post-colonial and political economy of education scholars. It critically outlines the key arguments and studies around these concepts and attempts to show the strengths and limitations of their analyses. Conceptual coherence was achieved through a theoretical framework which focuses on social class, community and critical education policy. An original contribution is made by extending and adapting some of these views, beyond their initial application, to support the education initiatives of South African social movements in poor communities. In concert with the latter, local education policy analyses will be critiqued for not paying sufficient attention to issues of social class, context and community voices in education.
A percepção dos atuais e futuros gestores da região do Triângulo Mineiro sobre as práticas de corrupção no cotidiano e no ambiente organizacional
Authors: Freire Denilson Aparecida Leite , Martins Renata Monteiro , Lopes Vitória Rezende
Published: May 2018

Este estudo analisou a percepção dos atuais e futuros gestores em relação às diferentes condutas ilícitas cotidianas e organizacionais, classificando-as em corrupção branca (jeitinho), cinza (malandragem) ou preta (ato de corrupção). Foi realizada uma Survey com estudantes de universidades públicas e privadas da região do Triângulo Mineiro. Os resultados evidenciaram que 75,7% da amostra alegaram utilizar-se do "jeitinho" para se dar bem e que há uma maior rigor com atos corruptos (corrupção preta) nas organizações que nas situações cotidianas, classificadas como malandragem (corrupção cinza). Revelou, ainda, diferenças de percepção em relação aos dados demográficos.
Heritage Ethics and Human Rights of the Dead
Authors: Perreault Kelsey
Published: May 2018

In The Work of the Dead: A Cultural History of Mortal Remains, Thomas Laqueur argues that the work of the dead is carried out through the living and through those who remember, honour, and mourn the dead. Further, he maintains that the brutal or careless disposal of the corpse “is an attack of extreme violence”. To treat the dead body as if it does not matter or as if it were ordinary organic matter would be to deny its humanity. From Laqueur’s point of view it is inferred that the dead are believed to have rights and dignities that are upheld through rituals, practices, and beliefs of the living. Drawing on dark tourism scholarship and cultural memory theory, this paper examines the display of human bones at Sedlec Ossuary, Czech Republic and the tourist culture that has built up around the site. Primarily, my writing calls into question the commoditization of burial places as a conceivable violation of the human rights of the dead. My research is driven by a number of questions: What is it that draws tourists to burial grounds and how do heritage sites negotiate visitor experiences? What are the ethical boundaries when a final resting place with bodies on display is also marketed as a tourist site? Do the dead have human rights and how are the living responsible for preserving those rights?
MORTALIDADE DO CAMARÃO BRANCO DO PACÍFICO SUBMETIDO AO ESTRESSE HIPOTÉRMICO E HIPOSSALINO
Authors: PONTINHA Vitor de Almeida , VIEIRA Felipe do Nascimento , HAYASHI Leila
Published: May 2018

Alterações abruptas nos parí­¢metros da qualidade da água têm forte influência no crescimento, sobrevivência e resistência í­Â s doenças dos camarões marinhos cultivados. Entretanto, ao contrário da determinação dos ní­­veis tóxicos de substí­¢ncias que afetam 50% da população, protocolos padrão para testes de estressores não tóxicos são muitas vezes negligenciados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer a temperatura (TL50) e salinidade (SL50) letal para 50% da população. Camarões juvenis pesando entre 10 e 12 g e pós-larvas de 17 dias cultivados í­Â  temperatura de 28 Â°C e salinidade de 32ââ‚¬° foram submetidos ao estresse hipotérmico por uma hora nas temperaturas de 7Â°C, 10Â°C, 11,5Â°C, 13Â°C e 16Â°C (juvenis), ou 72 horas nas temperaturas de 11Â°C, 12Â°C, 13Â°C e 14Â°C (pós-larvas). Além do estresse hipotérmico, juvenis foram submetidos por 24 horas ao estresse hipossalino em águas contendo salinidade de 0ââ‚¬°, 3ââ‚¬°, 6ââ‚¬° e 9ââ‚¬°, e pós-larvas por 72 horas em água contendo salinidade de 0ââ‚¬°, 1,5ââ‚¬°, 3ââ‚¬°, 4,5ââ‚¬° e 6ââ‚¬°. As taxas de mortalidade foram determinadas após estes perí­­odos. A TL50 calculada foi de 11,7Â°C para os juvenis e 12,9Â°C para as pós-larvas, e a SL50 calculada foi de 2,4ââ‚¬° e 1,8ââ‚¬° para juvenis e pós-larvas, respectivamente.
PENGARUH MUSIK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIK MAHASISWA TEKNIK INDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
Authors: Sari Riska Permana , Adiworo Praditya , Suhardi Bambang
Published: May 2018

The aim this research is; 1) to know the influence of music on the ability of mathematics student; 2 ) to know the type of music is more significant impact on the ability of mathematics. A kind of experiment the design chosen is the design of experiment single-factor experiment. Respondents in this research is a student of industrial engineering university of surakarta eleven march 2013. The experiments in this research are 20 students with twice replication the answer given by the writers math problem. Variable ability mathematics is measured in terms of the answer. During the experiment four of kind music compare with without music. The result of this peper Music increase math ability of student.
SIMULATION SYSTEM OPTIMIZE THE TIME OF PROCESS
Authors: Trenggonowati Dyah Lintang
Published: May 2018

PT. LTX is a company engaged in manufacturing that produce tin plate coil form. Coil packaging process needs to be done before it is sent to the customer. In the process of packaging the coil is found on the machine appender bottleneck causing measurement stations of diameter and wrapping coil to be delayed which makes the time coil packaging is not optimal. This study aims to determine the simulation model of the existing coil packaging process, determining the proposed improvements to optimize the timing of coil packaging process, as well as find out the time optimal coil packaging process. This study uses a software simulation with ProModel 7.5. ProModel simulation results showed that the average time coil packaging process for 657.81 hours per month, so that made three design alternatives and the best improvement is the third alternative with the addition of resources such as forklifts and additional mounting stations crown that yield an average of 315.296 hours per month.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN MORAL LINGKUNGAN SISWA SD DI DAERAH INDUSTRI, KOTA, PANTAI DAN DESA
Authors: Murcitro Bambang Gonggo
Published: May 2018

This research is directed to create enviromental friendly moduls that can be used for improving knowledge and moral of elememtary student enviromentals in industrial areas, cities, beach and farming areas. The research was condusted on 150 elementary students of the sixth grade selected with cluster random sampling. The research resulth showed that: 1) The moduls could be em ployed to increase the knowledge of elementary students about enviroments in industrial areas, beach, cities and farming areas. Through the testing of the hypothesis on the student knowledge data using Anacova test, it was obtained the calculated F as big as 1.98 that less than the table F value 2.68. 2) Enviromental friendly moduls can be utilized to increase the moral of elementary student concerning environments industrial areas, beach, cities and forming areas. Though the hypothesis testing uses Anacova to the data of student moral about enviromental, it was obtaind that a the calculated F value as great as 0.31 that means lesses than the table F value of 2. 68.
The Effect of Age on English Professors’ Integration of the New Technologies in Teaching
Authors: Laabidi Hicham
Published: May 2018

The integration of computer technologies in teaching has become a vital technique to prepare students to face the challenges of the 21st century. Indeed, today’s education systems have moved from a focus on information transformation through books, blackboards and chalks  to a concentration on information processing via technological instruments, mainly computers, smart phones and tablets. Therefore, teachers are required to adopt these new technologies in their teaching practices. However, it is observed that there are several factors affecting teachers’ actual implementation of computer technology in different educational institutions. This paper aims to examine the impact of the age factor on English professors’ use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Moroccan higher institutions. Descriptive analysis of means, and standard deviations were used to analyse the collected data. Also, inferential statistics, especially the ANOVA test, were employed to determine the impact of age on ICT adoptions. The findings revealed that there are statistically significant differences in the means of professors’ age when integrating ICT in instruction, F(3,159)=20.455,p<0.05.
Investigating the Students’ Views on the Authentic Materials Used in Basic Speaking Class
Authors: Hartatik Sri Fatmaning , Rahmah Tities Hijratur
Published: May 2018

This current study was intended to investigate the student point of views on the use of authentic materials (AMs) used in the process of teaching and learning speaking at the first semester in English Department, IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. A descriptive qualitative was employed to portray the intended data. The data were revealed from 22 students experiencing learning speaking by using authentic materials (AMs). To help the researcher, as the key instrument, to obtain the data, the researcher used an interview guide. To make the data display clear, the findings were classified into three classes; they were students’ views on the use of videos, student’ views on dialogues used in Basic Speaking, and students’s point of views on the pictures used as Ams. In general, the interview results showed that AMs were basically interesting, motivating, providing information on how the language used and how English culture is, raising students’ feeling of confidence. In term of the comprehensibility of the materials, however, only a few students stated that the presented materials were understandable; while the others thought that they could not understand the AMs because the spoken communication made by native speakers was too fast. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the teaching material presented in the Basic Speaking class viewed in positive manners by the students. Some students, however, found that the materials, especially conversation made by native speakers, were seen incomprehensible as the models in the video spoke too fast and used long sentences. This informed the teachers that even though AMs were found to be beneficial, AMs should be carefully selected; by so doing, it is expected that the AMs will opt to the students’ level.
Thinking Maps to Promote Critical Thinking through the Teaching of Literature in the ESL Context
Authors: Omar Ainon , Safinas Mohd. Ariff Albakri Intan
Published: May 2018

The Malaysian education system has emphasized on the importance of producing students as thinking individuals in order to survive in the global era today. The i-Think program which was introduced in schools consists of eight cognitive teaching tools known as thinking maps that teachers can use to mediate students’ thinking, learning, and promote metacognitive behaviours in their lessons. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to determine whether the teachers’ implementation of the Thinking maps promoted critical thinking during the teaching of Literature in the ESL classroom.  This case-study was conducted in a secondary school which was one of the pioneer schools selected by the Ministry of Education to implement the thinking maps in the teaching and learning of English language. Data were collected through observations, interviews and field notes. The findings revealed that the teachers were able to engage students to think critically through the use of the thinking maps during their literature lessons. The teachers also employed the Reader-Response strategies to complement the thinking maps in promoting critical thinking in the teaching of literature.
Analyzing Iago's Speech in Shakespeare's Othello
Authors: Abuzahra Nimer , Salahat Rami
Published: May 2018

This paper aims to reveal and analyze Iago's speech in Shakespeare's Othello. Iago's use of animal metaphors in Othello is analyzed through Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT). Moreover, Iago's words in the play are connected to race, gender and identity and analyzed through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Finally, Iago's rhetorical discourse is analyzed through Rhetorical Theory to examine his use of rhetorical devices such as rhetorical questions. The findings of this study show that Iago's use of animal metaphors in the play is to dehumanize and degrade other characters. Further, Iago is able to alienate Othello because of his different identity and different color from the Venetian society. What's more, Iago has shown misogynistic attitudes toward women through the course of the play. In addition, Iago shows an exceptional ability in his rhetoric. He manipulates most of the characters in the play and was able to deceive all of them. It can be concluded, then, that Iago's use of animal metaphors is conceptualized and connected to his cognitive mind. Moreover, Iago's racist language in the play reflects the racist attitudes toward 'non-white' people in Shakespeare's time. Finally, Iago uses different rhetorical techniques such as rhetorical questions to manipulate other characters which shows how language can be exploited to achieve negative impact on others.
A Política de Comércio Exterior dos Governos Obama (2009–2017) à luz do enfoque strangeano: implicações para o regime internacional de comércio
Authors: Lameiras Leonardo Diniz
Published: May 2018

O trabalho analisa a política de comércio exterior que foi concebida ao longo dos dois governos de Barack Obama (2009–2017), com o objetivo de revelar suas potenciais implicações para o regime internacional de comércio. Para tanto, faz-se uso do enfoque analítico-metodológicoque Susan Strange desenvolve na obra States and Markets, a fim de melhor elucidar os objetivos estratégicos, para além da liberalização comercial, que estão associados à escolha dos mega-acordos regionais como os principais instrumentos da política de comércio exterior do governo democrata. O conceito da autora de poder estrutural é resgatado para entender como a política de comércio exterior serviu ao propósito de fortalecer a posição do país no sistema internacional em quatro domínios específicos: produção, finanças, segurança e conhecimento. De acordo com a hipótese central deste estudo, por intermédio dessa política, os Estados Unidos acentuariam a dinâmica em curso de modificações no arcabouço normativo que rege o sistema multilateral de comércio, submetendo o atual regime internacional quedisciplina as trocas comerciais entre os países a significativas transformações.
Governança Global da Internet: Um mapa da Economia Política Internacional em torno dos identificadores alfanuméricos da rede
Authors: Canabarro Diego Rafael , Gonzales Alexandre Arns
Published: May 2018

Este artigo objetiva analisar a formação do regime internacional privado em torno da “raiz” do Sistema de Nomes de Domínio (DNS) da Internet. O problema que orienta este texto é: qual a relação da constituição desse regime e a emergência de novos mecanismos de governança global? Este artigo objetiva detalhar de forma sintética tal evolução, pontuando a forma pela qual os diferentes arranjos de governança do DNS relacionam-se com a economia política internacional em uma perspectiva mais ampla. Para isso, o texto divide-se em três seções. A primeira seção apresenta e explica o DNS, em sua dimensão técnica e política. A segunda seção empreende uma retrospectiva da governança da Internet até o presente momento. Sintetiza-se essa retrospectiva pela lente interpretativa de uma análise sistêmica de longa duração. Na terceira seção, explica-se de que forma os desdobramentos da transição da autoridade sobre o DNS podem relacionar-se com a conformação de transformações na governança global e aponta-se para os caminhos pretendidos para o aprofundamento do tema. Ao fim, o trabalho procura apontar os aspectos práticos e teóricos que merecem ser considerados na agenda de ensino e pesquisa do campo.
Pharmaceutical Strategies for Stabilizing Drug Nanocrystals
Authors: Yang Hyerim , Kim Hyeongmin , Jung Sumin , Seo Hyeyeon , Nida Shofa Khoirun , Yoo Seung-Yup , Lee Jaehwi
Published: May 2018

Background:

Nanocrystallization technologies have been widely studied in recent years, as the formulation
of drug nanocrystals solves problems of poor drug solubility and bioavailability. However, drug nanocrystals
in the size range of 1–1000 nm usually need to be accompanied by stabilizers, such as polymers or surfactants,
to enhance their stability. Despite their simplicity, improved dissolution rate, and enhanced bioavailability,
the limited stability of nanocrystal formulations has prevented further development.

Objective:

The most effective way to handle this instability is to use stabilizers. This paper reviews various factors
to consider for the production of stable drug nanocrystals and provides suggestions to overcome the problems
associated with instability, such as aggregation and Ostwald ripening. Through various examples of stabilizers
acting via electrostatic and steric stabilization, this review highlights the scope of enhancing the stability of drug
nanocrystals.

Conclusion:

Studies on stabilizers used in the production of drug nanocrystals are ongoing; various factors, such
as the effect of zeta potential on the stability of drug nanosuspensions, have already been revealed. However, it is
necessary to determine the most appropriate stabilizer experimentally based on the various mechanisms and factors
have been reviewed since the possible interactions between each drug and stabilizer are diverse.
Defense Mechanisms Against Acid Exposure by Dental Enamel Formation, Saliva and Pancreatic Juice Production
Authors: Racz Robert , Nagy Akos , Rakonczay Zoltan , Dunavari Erika Katalin , Gerber Gabor , Varga Gabor
Published: May 2018

The pancreas, the salivary glands and the dental enamel producing ameloblasts have marked developmental,
structural and functional similarities. One of the most striking similarities is their bicarbonate-rich secretory
product, serving acid neutralization. An important difference between them is that while pancreatic juice and
saliva are delivered into a lumen where they can be collected and analyzed, ameloblasts produce locally precipitating
hydroxyapatite which cannot be easily studied. Interestingly, the ion and protein secretion by the pancreas,
the salivary glands, and maturation ameloblasts are all two-step processes, of course with significant differences
too. As they all have to defend against acid exposure by producing extremely large quantities of bicarbonate, the
failure of this function leads to deteriorating consequences. The aim of the present review is to describe and characterize
the defense mechanisms of the pancreas, the salivary glands and enamel-producing ameloblasts against
acid exposure and to compare their functional capabilities to do this by producing bicarbonate.
Metabolomics: A High-throughput Screen for Biochemical and Bioactivity Diversity in Plants and Crops
Authors: Foito Alexandre , Stewart Derek
Published: May 2018

Plants and crops contain a staggering diversity of compounds, many of which have pharmacological
activity towards a variety of diseases. These properties have been exploited by traditional and modern medicine
providing important sources of healthcare to this day. The contribution of natural products (such as plant-derived)
to the modern pharmacopeia is indeed significant; however, the process of identifying novel bioactive compounds
from biological sources has been a central challenge in the discovery of natural products. The resolution of these
challenges relied extensively on the use of hyphenated Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
(NMR)-based analytical technologies for the structural elucidation and annotation of novel compounds.
Technical developments in instrumentation and data processing have fostered the development of the field of
metabolomics which provides a wealth of tools with the huge potential for application in the process of drug/bioactive
discovery from plant tissues. This manuscript provides an overview of the metabolomics toolbox available for the discovery
of novel bioactive compounds and the integration of these tools in the bioprospection and drug discovery
workflows.
Nanocrystal Technology as a Strategy to Improve Drug Bioavailability and Antitumor Efficacy for the Cancer Treatment
Authors: Fan Mingxue , Geng Sicong , Liu Yang , Wang Jing , Wang Yiting , Zhong Jian , Yan Zhiqiang , Yu Lei
Published: May 2018

Background and Objective: Nanocrystal technology is an effective approach which can increase the
dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs by raising their saturation solubility, thus improving the drug
bioavailability. With the development of nanocrystals, its preparation approaches have gradually matured, which
can be generally divided into Bottom-up, Top-down and Combinative technologies.

Methods:

A systematic literature review in the field of nanocrystal technology for the cancer treatment was
scanned and collected data was detailedly analyzed and summarized.

Results:

Over the past decade, several anticancer drug nanocrystals have been explored and evaluated in preclinical
studies and clinical trials. This review mainly covers the utilizations of the nanocrystal technology in enhancing
the saturation solubility of anticancer drugs associated with the increased bioavailability and anticancer efficacy.
Preparation methods and characterizations of nanocrystals are also introduced in brief. In addition, one
critical step in the formation of drug nanocrystals is selecting suitable stabilizers for the system. Many types of
research are heading towards the role of the stabilizers in the final nanocrystals formulation. So we summed up
several commonly used stabilizers in order to give a reference to the further study. At last, we discussed some
considerations raised by the application of nanocrystal drugs for cancer treatment.

Conclusion:

This review is likely to enable a detailed insight on nanocrystal technology as a strategy to improve
drug bioavailability and antitumor efficacy for the cancer treatment and be of particular interest to pharmaceutical
industry.
Soft Biomaterial-based Nanocrystal in Pharmaceutical
Authors: Chen Nandi , Su Taojunfeng , Cheng Zhe , An Feifei
Published: May 2018

Background and Objective: Bio-soft material, a class of derivatives of the natural or synthetic material,
is getting more and more prevalent in biomedical researches and applications due to the advantages such as
in-vivo biodegradation, good water solubility and designable targeting ability. With the presence of bio-soft materials,
the drug nanocrystal can be easily generated and aggregated in a feasible process. Given the promising
application of the bio-soft material in biological and chemical research, it is valuable to discuss the crucial step in
designing bio-soft materials and analyze the emerging properties of bio-soft materials.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature survey in the field of bio-soft material development and analysis has been
conducted. The collected data and figures were meticulously analyzed and interpreted.

Results:

In this review, the details of bio-soft materials based nanocrystal were demonstrated in three sections
with respect to different materials. In each section, the pros and cons for each bio-soft material and its derivatives
were elaborately listed and discussed.

Conclusion:

The review enables an insightful discussion about the properties and the applications of existing biosoft
material. It may contribute to the further researches about bio-soft material development and analysis.
Recent Advances in Magnetic Nanoparticle-based Molecular Probes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Zhang Qi , Wang Sudan , Qiao Ruirui , Whittaker Michael R. , Quinn John F. , Davis Thomas P. , Li Hongjun
Published: May 2018

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, leading to the second
most likely cause of cancer-related deaths. Medical imaging is crucial in clinic for HCC screening and diagnosis.
Due to the relatively high special resolution and excellent sensitivity, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by
using magnetic nanoparticle-based contrast agents has been used so far in HCC imaging and staging, demonstrating
great potential and promising in vivo applications. This review focuses on the use of different magnetic
nanoparticles for construction of HCC nanoprobes for MR imaging and theranostic purpose.
Associations between Depressive Disorders and Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Varan Özkan , Babaoğlu Hakan , Göker Berna
Published: May 2018

Depressive disorders, are not only common but also among the leading causes of disability
worldwide. They are associated with increased incidences of various other diseases. It has been shown
that in patients with autoimmune diseases, when depression coexists, the quality of life is worse and
medical treatment and management is compromised. Depression-like symptoms, such as fatigue and
disinterest are also common in inflammatory rheumatic diseases and often associated with poor quality
of life. Medical therapy targeting inflammation results in alleviation of these symptoms in many patients.
Interestingly, there is cumulating evidence suggesting potential roles of inflammatory cytokines
in the pathogenesis of major depression. Effects of some of the biological agents used in rheumatic
diseases have been studied on depressive disorders. Results have been controversial and further studies
are needed in this area. These findings suggest associations between depression and inflammatory
rheumatic diseases and raise the possibility that treatment of one of them might influence the outcome
of the other. We have reviewed the current literature on associations between depression and inflammatory
rheumatologic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s
syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis.
Improvement of Influenza Incidence Estimation Using Auxiliary Information in Sentinel Surveillance in Japan
Authors: Kawado Miyuki , Hashimoto Shuji , Ohta Akiko , Oba Mari S. , Taniguchi Kiyosu , Sunagawa Tomimasa , Matsui Tamano , Nagai Masaki , Murakami Yoshitaka
Published: May 2018

Introduction:

Sentinel surveillance in Japan is used to estimate national influenza incidence under the assumption that Sentinel Medical Institutions (SMIs) are randomly selected. The current method might lead to overestimation when SMIs are recruited on a voluntary basis.

Aims & Objectives:

We aimed to improve influenza incidence estimation using auxiliary information without this assumption.

Materials and Method:

We used reports of influenza from SMIs in 2015, together with the number of all disease outpatients in September 2014 at all medical institutions from the Survey of Medical Institutions of Japan, as auxiliary information. The influenza incidence was estimated by the method using auxiliary information and the current method (without auxiliary information).

Result and Conclusion:

Influenza incidence rate per 1,000 population in 2015 estimated by using auxiliary information and by the current method was 63.7 (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 61.0-66.3) and 96.5 (95% CI, 93.0-100.0), respectively. The ratio of these estimates was 0.66. Our findings suggest that influenza incidence estimated by using the number of all disease outpatients as auxiliary information is more accurate than estimates by the current method.
Impacto de salvaguardas en el comercio exterior caso de estudio México-Ecuador en una empresa de electrodomésticos
Authors: Servín-Flores Paula María , Cázares-Garrido Ilia Violeta
Published: May 2018

El comercio exterior de México se ubica entre los primeros jugadores en el comercio internacional; en 2013 obtuvo el décimo lugar como exportador y noveno como importador a nivel mundial, y el primero en ambas categorías entre los países de América Latina y el Caribe. Los aranceles, tal como las salvaguardas protegen sectores concretos, restringen temporalmente las importaciones de mercancías idénticas, similares o directamente competidoras a las de producción nacional para prevenir o remediar un daño y facilitar el ajuste de productores nacionales. El objetivo de la investigación es conocer el impacto de la salvaguarda en México impuesta por el gobierno ecuatoriano, desde la perspectiva de una empresa exportadora en México, posiciones en el mercado, dicha sobretasa fue aplicada a la importación de productos electrodomésticos en marzo del 2015. Los resultados muestran los efectos de dicha medida proteccionista y las implicaciones negativas para los exportadores mexicanos, a través del análisis financiero comparativo de antes y después de la aplicación de dicha medida, mostrando el comportamiento en ventas, costo de aranceles y la relación entre ellos.
Aplicación de los modelos de simulación en entornos productivos bajo la metodología de teorías de las restricciones
Authors: Uribe-Gómez Julián Alberto , Quintero-Ramírez Santiago
Published: May 2018

La Teoría de restricciones permite identificar dificultades en los procesos productivos a través de lo que se ha denominado cuellos de botella, y bajo una perspectiva rigurosa y sistemática busca la solución óptima para lograr el objetivo empresarial, el cual es generar dinero. El objetivo primordial de este trabajo fue evidenciar cómo el proceso sistemático de la teoría de restricciones, puede ser replicado de manera simple bajo la perspectiva de la modelación y simulación de los  comportamientos que circunscriben dicha teoría. La simulación, en este caso, se utiliza como una metodología para ejemplificar y demostrar el pensamiento contra intuitivo de esta teoría, que emerge debido a que las empresas aún consideran los inventarios y su acumulación, como parte fundamental para la generación de beneficios en las organizaciones. En términos generales, con el modelo de simulación se logró demostrar que, reduciendo los inventarios en proceso de una cadena productiva, el comportamiento de los gastos operativos disminuye, generando así un mayor flujo de dinero a través de la empresa.
Ejercicio físico, funcionamiento cerebral e imagen corporal
Authors: Moncada-Jiménez José
Published: May 2018

La imagen corporal es un componente del yo, y se ha estimado que una cantidad importante de mujeres y hombres de diversas edades, razas y orígenes étnicos poseen insatisfacción de su imagen corporal. Por lo tanto, el tema de la imagen corporal preocupa a la opinión pública ya que se le ha relacionado con conductas tales como los desórdenes alimenticios. La anorexia y la bulimia constituyen las enfermedades más importantes. La presente revisión resume las relaciones entre las áreas cerebrales involucradas en la generación y evaluación del cuerpo humano, y la manera en que el ejercicio físico podría influir en esas zonas para producir una imagen corporal objetiva y precisa. Recientemente, se ha identificado el área corporal extraestriada (ACE) como la estructura cerebral primordialmente responsable del reconocimiento del cuerpo humano. Se deben realizar más estudios que involucren el ACE. En esta revisión también se discuten aspectos relacionados con el metabolismo cerebral en reposo y durante el ejercicio físico y su relación con cambios en la estructura y funcionamiento cerebral. Finalmente, se presenta un resumen de los estudios sobre el efecto del ejercicio aeróbico y contra resistencia en la imagen corporal.
O processo alfabetizador da criança na perspectiva da gestão escolar e da política educacional
Authors: Aranda Maria Alice de Miranda , Brito Vilma Miranda de
Published: May 2018

O dossiê em pauta, proposto pela Laplage em Revista, como o título já prenuncia, reúne artigos que discutem o processo alfabetizador da criança no tempo presente. Artigos estes que se situam numa relação intervalar entre a perspectiva da gestão escolar e da política educacional. Diante da conjuntura atual permeada por contradições decorrentes do processo histórico – em que desafios são colocados, rupturas várias nas conquistas alcançadas por estudiosos e pesquisadores do tema são colocadas em cheque, projetos em disputa são constantes, numa clara demonstração que aspectos políticos e econômicos pretendem dar o tom para a política educacional brasileira – esta obra é instigante e coaduna com a demonstração de que a luta por uma educação de qualidade social, justa e humana, continua sendo o horizonte.
Alfabetização, gestão escolar e políticas educacionais no Brasil: diálogos e discussões
Authors: Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: May 2018

Na várias páginas do presente Dossiê as professoras Maria Alice e Vilma fizeram um rigoroso escrutínio de textos que anunciam, ampliam o debate, denunciam, propõem encaminhamentos sobre a gestão do processo alfabetizador de forma caleidoscópica, isto é, fazem uma tessitura temática de caráter multirreferencial, na qual as interfaces de todas as tratativas das políticas públicas da educação (sem pretender se qualificar como “estado da arte”) foram discorridas etapa por etapa, documento por documento e transversalizadas por leituras críticas, ora a partir de pesquisas empíricas, ora por meio de discussões e reflexões de pesquisadores de renomadas instituições brasileiras e de Portugal. E finalmente chegam à gestão do processo alfabetizador e seus responsáveis tanto em nível de gestores de programas (governamentais e institucionais) até a gestão na escola – trazendo a criança como sujeito ativo, que deve vir antes de qualquer arquitetura, entendendo-se essa (a arquitetura) por conta daquela (a criança, o alfabetizando).
Avaliação nacional da alfabetização
Authors: Raimann Elizabeth Gottschalg , Lima Náfren Ferreira
Published: May 2018

Este artigo objetiva responder a seguinte questão: como as teses e dissertações abordam a Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização (ANA) no Brasil? Para isso analisou-se os dados obtidos entre 2013 a 2017 nos bancos de dados da BDTD e CAPES. Os dados levantados apontam para treze dissertações e quatro teses relacionados à ANA. As áreas do conhecimento que trataram da temática foram educação, letras, ciência política e administração. Das pesquisas, 70% mostraram que a avaliação externa é uma ferramenta utilizada pelo Estado avaliador para controlar o trabalho do professor, bem como os conteúdos que serão ensinados ou não. Os outros 30% abordaram a ANA na perspectiva do Aprender-a-Aprender como orientação pedagógica, embasada na pedagogia das competências.
PNAIC e a educação básica em Jataí-GO
Authors: Raimann Ari , Ferreira Ana Kátia Assis
Published: May 2018

O objetivo geral desta investigação foi o analisar as mudanças ocorridas na alfabetização de alunos das escolas públicas do município de Jataí-Go, a partir da adesão e implantação do PNAIC, consequentemente da formação de professores. A pesquisa documental, de natureza qualitativa, tomou por base a perspectiva histórico-crítica. O Pacto é norteado por quatro eixos fundamentais: formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores; materiais didáticos, literatura e tecnologias educacionais; avaliação sistemática; e gestão, controle e mobilização social. Tal política pública visa adequar alfabetização e escolarização, promovendo a alfabetização dos estudantes até os oito anos de idade ao final do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental da Educação Básica.  O estudo revela que o conjunto de formação, currículo e diretrizes de cada escola, além da formação oferecida pelo PNAIC, contribuíram para aumentar os níveis de leitura e escrita.
Alfabetização na gestão democrática escolar
Authors: Alves Andréia Vicência Vitor , Souza Alessandra Domingos de
Published: May 2018

A gestão democrática escolar se constitui em um fator importante para a promoção da formação humana e para a cidadania. Considerando que a gestão educacional abrange todos os aspectos relacionados à educação escolar (pedagógicos, políticos, administrativos e financeiros) sendo o modo de organização da escola, bem como da organização do processo de ensino-aprendizagem realizado em sala de aula, este artigo busca apreender alfabetização no contexto da gestão democrática escolar, isso por meio de pesquisa bibliográfico sobre o tema. Concluímos que a gestão democrática escolar tem um papel imprescindível no processo de alfabetização dos alunos ao possibilitar que a escola se torne um espaço de ensino e aprendizagem que respeite as diferentes visões e propicie a participação da comunidade escolar e local na construção do projeto educacional da escola conforme os seus anseios, que o aluno aprenda na escola e apesar dela, e esteja preparado para a vida.
Políticas de ações afirmativas
Authors: Abreu Elisangela Nunes do Nascimento , Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: May 2018

O objetivo desse artigo é contextualizarmos a  formação das políticas de ações afirmativas, os elementos envolvidos em sua proposição, motivos, formas de seu delineamento, centralidade sobre os grupos a serem atingidos, desdobramentos e algumas resultantes de sua implementação em dálogo com a realidade brasileira. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, cujo tratamento deu-se por meio da abordagem qualitativa, sem no entanto, pretender apresentar qualquer estado do conhecimento sobre a temática. Concluimos que as ações afirmativas possuem limites inerentes a sua utilização, os quais não foram impedimentos para que diferentes países, assim como no Brasil, com histórico de dimensionável desigualdade racial e social as utilizassem, no entanto, até que se coloque sobre a agenda do dia discussões e encaminhamentos para a universalização, democratização e humanização da educação superior, assumem o papel de marco para a elaboração de políticas públicas mais consistentes quanto à oportunização à esse nível educacional.
Estágio supervisionado e práticas educativas em foco
Authors: Santos Jociane Marthendal Oliveira
Published: May 2018

Estágio Supervisionado e Práticas Educativas: diálogos interdisciplinares tem como foco ampliar as discussões e pesquisas sobre estágios supervisionados e se estes estariam provocando o surgimento para um campo próprio de investigações interdisciplinares. A presente obra foi publicada pela Editora UEMS em 2011, tem 336 páginas, e é composta por prefácio, apresentação da obra, agradecimentos. O livro é dividido em três partes. A primeira composta por três capítulos que tratam dos questionamentos de modelos e concepções sobre o fazer-se professor e o estágio como proposta de oportunizar a constituição e auto percepção do sujeito docente; a segunda, também composta por três capítulos reúne áreas distintas relacionadas a questões relativas às práticas educativas na formação docente e a terceira e última parte; organizada em nove capítulos, apresenta e discute experiências de estágio supervisionado em diferentes cursos de licenciatura.
ANALISIS KUALITAS SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (IPA) (STUDI KASUS PADA WEBSITE PORTAL AKADEMIK UNIVERSITAS XYZ BANDUNG)
Authors: Ellyusman Sylvi
Published: May 2018

Sistem informasi akademik merupakan suatu sistem yang dirancang khusus untuk dapat mengelola berbagai data akademik dengan banyak entitas, kepuasan mahasiswa sebagai stakeholder merupakan bagian yang penting bagi Universitas, tata kelola Portal Akademik yang baik perlu dilakukan. Berdasarkan dokumen Laporan Helpdesk Universitas XYZ  terdapat 522 keluhan pada Website Portal Akademik. Website terkadang  mengalami gangguan misalnya sistem yang down, erorr saat melakukan registrasi, dan kehilangan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui harapan dan penilaian pengguna terhadap kualitas Website Portal Akademik, serta idikator yang harus ditingkatkan untuk mendukung peningkatan kualitas Website Portal Akademik. Penelitian ini  menggunakan Metode Kuantitatif dengan Teknik Analisa Deskriptif (Analisis Jenjang) dan Metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) berdasarkan indikator WebQual 4.0. Kuesioner disebarkan kepada 439  responden mahasiswa pada tujuh fakultas di Universitas XYZ, serta melakukan wawancara kepada manajer operasional dan pengelola data centre Direktorat Sistem Informasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa secara keseluruhan penilaian kinerja Website Portal Akademik memiliki skor rata-rata sebesar 1499.30 atau 68.31%  masuk dalam kategori baik, namun terdapat satu sub variabel dimana kinerjanya berada pada kategori sedang yaitu sub variabel Service interaction. Pengguna memiliki tingkat harapan yang tinggi terhadap seluruh sub variabel dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 1787.23 atau 81%. Hasil dari pemetaan diagram IPA, kuadran I diisi oleh indikator website menyampaikan rasa kompetensi (dapat diakses setiap saat), website  menyediakan informasi dengan detail, dan pengguna merasa aman terhadap informasi pribadinya (informasi tidak pernah hilang atau berubah), tiga indikator tersebut harus menjadi konsentrasi Bagian Direktorat Sistem Informasi untuk melakukan perbaikan pada Website Portal Akademik. Kata Kunci: Sistem Informasi, WebQual 4.0, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA)
The perfect regression and causality test: A solution to regression problems
Authors: Alghalith Moawia
Published: May 2018

We introduce a method that eliminates the specification error and spurious relationships in regression. In addition, we introduce a test of strong causality. Furthermore, hypothesis testing (inference) becomes almost unneeded. Moreover, this method virtually resolves error problems such as heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, non-stationarity and endogeneity.
The Development of Compensation System in Serbia: A Comparison of Two Successive Cranet Research Rounds
Authors: Berber Nemanja , Slavić Agneš
Published: May 2018

The aim of this paper is to explore the development of the compensation practice in the context of human resource management (HRM) in Serbia. The objectives are to detect the extent of the usage of different elements in the compensation packages, the level of negotiation during the determination of the basic pay, the responsibility for decision making process regarding basic pay, the extent of the usage of different types of benefits, and to explore the differences between these data in the two research periods, 2008-2010 and 2014-2016. The methodology in this paper includes the theoretical analysis of the compensation systems, as well as the comparative analysis of the data on compensation in Serbia based on the Cranet research. The sample of the study consisted of 210 organisations from Serbia, 50 organisations in the 2008-2010 period and 160 organisations in the 2014-2016 period. This paper brings new insights to the development of comparative compensation management since it points to the development/changes of the compensation practice (in years) in Serbian HRM.
Colonic Diverticulosis: From Asymptomatic Form to Major Complications
Authors: Miulescu Ana Maria , Ispas Alexandru
Published: May 2018

Introduction This pathology is rare in patients younger than 40 years old (5%) and, in those older than 70 years old, almost 50% exhibit colonic diverticulosis. Most cases have mild symptoms and only 20% presents complications as: bleeding, bowel obstruction, abscess and secondary peritonitis.

Aim. The aim is to analyse different types of complications in colonic diverticulosis and compare the data from literature to those in Argeș geographical area.

Material and method. The medical records of 120 patients out of which 101 were admitted in gastroenterology department and 19 in general surgery department were analysed. Diagnosis methods: colonoscopy, computed tomography with contrast dye, simple abdominal radiograph for acute abdominal pain.

Results. 40 patients (33.33%) with asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis, 28 patients (23.33%) moderate diverticulitis, 25 patients (20.83%) with moderate anorectal bleeding, 25 patients (20.83%) with secondary peritonitis, and 2 (1.68%) cases with complications.

Conclusions. All the patients were older than 50 years old, 44 % of diverticulitis cases led to complications (almost half with bleeding and the rest with peritonitis). No bowel obstruction. In 99% of the cases, the localisation of the diverticula was at the level of sigmoid and descending colon.
Challenges for Modern Monetary Policy
Authors: Fabris Nikola
Published: May 2018

The first central banks were founded in the XVII century and monetary policy has been evolving ever since. Knowledge on monetary economy has improved significantly over the last couple of decades and a consensus has been reached in a number of areas. As a result, hyperinflations have been extremely rare over the past decades.

The global financial crisis challenged traditional monetary policy that was based on the approach involving one instrument (reference interest rate) and one goal (price stability). It is obvious that we need a new approach to monetary policy and I believe that changes will happen gradually in the future.

This paper consists of two parts. The first part covers the traditional monetary policy and deals with issues where consensus has been reached, as well as with issues on monetary policy objectives, transparency, and macroprudential policy.

The second part addresses the issues that pose a challenge for monetary policy and for which there is no complete consensus. This part elaborates on the dilemma involving rules versus discretions, a new approach to banking supervision, monetary policy during a crisis, the role of econometric models, and the need for international coordination of monetary policy.
Method of Constructing the Fuzzy Regression Model of Bank Competitiveness
Authors: Malyaretz Liudmyla , Dorokhov Oleksandr , Dorokhova Liudmyla
Published: May 2018

The paper substantiates the need to consider economic efficiency indicators of bank activity as fuzzy quantities. Formulations of the problem of fuzzy regression analysis and modelling, available in literary sources, have been analyzed. Three main approaches to the fuzzy regression analysis are presented. The general mathematical and meaningful formulation of problem of a fuzzy multivariate regression analysis for commercial bank competitiveness has been proposed. Sequence of its solutions is described. The example of numerical computations for one of the large Ukrainian banks is given. Results of obtained solution were analyzed from the standpoint of reliability, accuracy and compared against the classical crisp regression analysis. Finishing steps for obtaining final accurate numerical results of solution process are described. In summary, convincing arguments concerning the expediency of application of this approach to the problem of determining the competitiveness of banks are formulated and presented.