bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مشكلات الكتابة العلمية بالعربية لدى طلبة الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا
Authors: أدهم محمد علي حموية  , وان روسلي وان أحمد  , همام الطباع  , رحمة أحمد الحاج عثمان
Published: December 2024

الملخص أول ما يقرؤه الناس قبل قراءة أيِّ بحثٍ علمي، مهما كان نوعه؛ بحثًا في دورية محكمة، أو رسالة جامعية لباحث في مرحلة الدراسات العليا، لذا كان لا بُدَّ من مزيد عناية حين كتابة الملخص البحثي؛ إذ قد يكون الجزء الجوهري في البحث العلمي، ومن ثم يركِّز هذا البحثُ على الأخطاء الشائعة في كتابة الملخصات البحثية، سواء أكانت تلك الأخطاء رسمية من حيث تصميم الملخص ومضمونه، أم أسلوبية من حيث اللغة وعلامات الترقيم، ويتوسَّل البحثُ المنهجَ التحليلي الوصفي، بنهجٍ مختلط، كمي وكيفي، وأداته تحليل المحتوى لأربعين ملخصًا بحثيًّا أنجزها طلبة الدراسات العليا في الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا، ومن أبرز النتائج أن جميع الطلبة تقريبًا كانوا على دراية بالعناصر الرسمية لملخص البحث، وذلك لأنهم إنما اتبعوا أساتذتهم المشرفين وأخذوا بتوجيهاتهم من أجل تجويد بحوثهم بعامة، ولكن برزت مشكلات الكتابة العلمية في الأخطاء الأسلوبية؛ إذ واجه الطلبة مشكلة في تقديم كتابة متماسكة واضحة تُحسن الوصل بين العناصر الرسمية للملخص، وتبرزها في تسلسل منطقي موجز وافٍ، وذلك لأن العربية ليست لغتهم الأم، ونبَّه البحث إلى أن بعض أهل العربية يواجهون المشكلة نفسها في كتابة بحوثهم، ومن ثم أوصى بإجراء بحث آخر يتحرَّى تلك المشكلة لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا ممن العربية لغتهم الأم.
Hemoglobinuria and acute kidney injury in severe malaria: Case reports from Borgou/Alibori Teaching Hospital, Benin
Authors: Ahoui Seraphin , Ayadji Nonvignon Éric , Zossoungbo Giovanna , Godonou Joseph , Melikan Aubin , Vinasse Aimé , Somakou Sabrina Conchita , Houeto Nicanor , Eteka Evariste , Vigan Jacques
Published: December 2024

The hemoglobinuric form of severe malaria can precipitate acute kidney injury (AKI) and potential multiorgan failure. This report discusses two cases of fatal AKI due to severe malaria, treated in 2024 at the Borgou-Alibori Departmental Teaching Hospital in Benin. It examines the pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, and treatments used, providing detailed insights into the progression of the disease and the therapeutic interventions attempted. Key takeaways highlight the importance of early, multidisciplinary care in improving outcomes, with hemodialysis playing a critical role in managing AKI caused by hemoglobinuria.
Peran Guru dalam Mengoptimalkan Interaksi Sosial Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rosidah Hani Kholifatur , Mulyana Edi Hendri , Aprily Nuraly Masum
Published: December 2024

Interaksi sosial penting untuk dikembangkan pada anak sejak usia dini. Interaksi sosial pada anak usia dini berlangsung secara beriringan dengan perkembangan sosialnya. Interaksi sosial dapat menjadi dasar anak untuk dapat diterima di lingkungan sosial. Apabila anak  dapat berbaur bersama lingkungan sosialnya, disitulah anak diakui keberadaan dirinya.  Ketika anak di sekolah lingkup sosial yang dimiliki menjadi lebih luas. Maka guru hendaknya dapat mengoptimalkan interaksi sosial anak dengan pembelajaran yang menarik dan menyenangkan. Guru mendorong anak untuk mandiri dan berhubungan dengan teman sebaya agar dapat berbaur dan diterima lingkungan sosialnya. Guru mendampingi  dan memantau anak saat belajar dan membantu anak ketika menghadapi masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya guru dalam mengoptimalkan interaksi sosial anak usia dini.  Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan mengumpulkan informasi dari sumber-sumber yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Hasil kajian dinyakan bahwa keterampilan sosial guru menjadi  dasar yang perlu dimiliki guru dalam mengoptimalkan interaksi sosial anak usia dini.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Busy Book Terhadap Kecerdasan Logika Matematika Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Putri Puja Liana , Sofyan Hendra , Sofyan Hendra , Rosyadi Akhmad Fikri
Published: December 2024

Ketika peneliti melakukan observasi pada kelas B dengan jumlah anak sebanyak 17 anak terdapat 12 anak yang belum mampu menghubungkan lambang bilangan dengan jumlah benda, masih terdapat anak yang terbalik menuliskan lambang bilangan seperti 2, 3, 5, 9, terdapat anak yang belum mampu mengenal angka sesuai dengan kuantitas angka serta kurangnya media pembelajaran yang menunjang kecerdasan logika matematika anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media busy book terhadap kecerdasan logika matematika anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dan desain penelitian  one group pretest-posttest. Metode eksperimen digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis menyangkut hubungan sebab-akibat. pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik sampling purposive yaitu anak kelas B dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 17 anak usia 5-6 tahun. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis parametrik yaitu uji hipotesis (uji t). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan selama satu bulan tentang penggunaan media busy book terhadap kecerdasan logika matematika anak usia 5-6 tahun, memperoleh hasil rata-rata pretest kecerdasan logika matematika sebesar 15,53 dan setelah diberi perlakuan penggunaan media busy book rata-rata posttest sebesar 27,47. Terdapat peningkatan rata-rata kecerdasan logika matematika anak usia 5-6 tahun sebesar 11,94. Hasil perhitungan uji hipotesis dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 28,744 dan t tabel sebesar 2,131, dari besaran nilai tersebut terlihat bahwa t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yang berarti H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media busy book terhadap kecerdasan logika matematika anak usia 5-6 tahun. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada penggunaan media busy book terhadap kecerdasan logika matematika anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Rizani Putra.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Membatik Jumputan Terhadap Kreativitas Anak Usia Dini Kelompok B di TK Bina Sejahtera Palembang
Authors: Rahayu Astri , Oktamarina Lidia , Setyaningsih Kris , Sartika Indah Dwi , Hartatiana Hartatiana
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh kegiatan membatik jumputan terhadap kreativitas anak usia dini kelompok B di TK Bina Sejahtera Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan satu kelas dengan kelompok eksperimen. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Pre Eksperimental Design. Dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif One Group  Pretest – Postest Design. Sampel pada penelitian ini 10 anak kelas B di TK Bina Sejahtera Palembang kecamatan ilir timur III. Kelompok Eksperimen menggunakan media membatik jumputan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi dan tes tidak terstruktur. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji validitas uji normalitas , uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis. Dari hasil yang didapat bahwa adanya perbedaan nilai rata- rata setelah diterapkan membatik jumputan dimana nilai rata – rata kelas eksperimen sebesar 79 kemudian berdasarkan perhitungan uji t dimana nilai t untuk taraf sinifikan > 5% sebesar 16,667. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai = > 16,667 >2.262 maka Ha di terima dan Ho di tolak dengan nilai akhir 16,667. Sehingga dapat dikatakan adanya pengaruh kegiatan membatik jumputan terhadap kreativitas.
Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Karakter di PAUD
Authors: Hidayanto Nova Eko
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini merupakan langkah strategis untuk membentuk kepribadian yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai Pancasila sejak usia dini. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam pembelajaran pendidikan karakter di Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan mengkaji berbagai sumber ilmiah dan praktik pembelajaran di PAUD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai Pancasila, seperti gotong royong, toleransi, dan keadilan, dapat ditanamkan melalui pendekatan bermain, bercerita, dan proyek berbasis kolaborasi. Penerapan ini memerlukan dukungan guru yang kompeten, lingkungan belajar yang kondusif, serta keterlibatan orang tua dalam proses pembelajaran. Dengan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Pancasila, pendidikan karakter di PAUD diharapkan mampu membangun generasi yang memiliki moralitas, integritas, dan kesadaran sebagai warga negara yang baik.
Deteksi Lokasi Perubahan Penutup Lahan Untuk Meminimalkan Risiko Keamanan Wilayah
Authors: Handayanto Rahmadya Trias , Haryono  , Setiawan Ramdhani
Published: December 2024

Changes in land use and cover of an area significantly affect the quality of the area, especially from a socio-economic perspective. If city and regional governments are unable to anticipate these changes, it can greatly impact the security of the area, such as a lack of availability of public facilities, increased crime, and other social aspects. Research on changes in land use and cover has mostly focused on agriculture and rarely addresses regional security. Therefore, this study focuses on changes in land use, particularly in the type of urban residential land use in Bekasi city. The data used are Landsat satellite images from two different years for the Bekasi city area, utilizing trend change analysis with the Idrisi Selva application. Initially, a land cover classification process was carried out using the Iterative Self-Organizing Clustering (ISOCLUST) method, followed by reclassification with the same application into five classes: agriculture, vacant land, buildings, vegetation, and water bodies. The results show the direction of land change development where residential areas increase in the direction according to the degree of trend change, namely to the lower middle for the third degree and to the northwest and lower middle for the fifth degree. The research results can be used by regional planners in creating Spatial and Regional Plans (RTRW) as well as Detailed Spatial Plans (RDTR).
Algoritma Levenshtein Distance sebagai Solusi Efisiensi Pencarian pada Training Registration System
Authors: Akbar Iqbal Faris , Mugiarso  , Ramdhania Khairunnisa Fadhilla , Rasim
Published: December 2024

The training registration process at Company XYZ faced several challenges, including the use of physical documents, slow file submission, non-standardized document numbering, and inefficient file storage. This research aimed to develop a web-based application called "Training Registration System" using the Waterfall software development method to address these issues, as well as implementing the Levenshtein Distance algorithm in the search feature to enhance training search efficiency. The results showed that the application successfully improved the efficiency and accuracy of the training registration and search process by eliminating the need for physical file submission, accelerating the workflow, and reducing the potential for errors. The implementation of the Levenshtein Distance algorithm also proved effective in improving the efficiency of training searches based on training names, even in cases of typos, such as the strings "Trainning" and "Training" which had a similarity score of 87.5% based on similarity weight calculations.
Analisis Clustering K-Means untuk Pemetaan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka di Provinsi-Provinsi Indonesia Tahun 2013-2023
Authors: Ramadhan Alif Izzuddin , Atika Prima Dina , Ramdhania Khairunnisa Fadhilla
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes unemployment rates in Indonesian provinces using data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for the period 2013-2023 and the K-Means clustering algorithm. The aim is to group regions based on the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT). Two main clusters were produced: one with a high unemployment rate (cluster 0) and one with a low unemployment rate (cluster 1). Cluster 0 consists of 12 provinces, while cluster 1 consists of 22 provinces. The model evaluation shows a Davies-Bouldin Index score of 0.7041, indicating good clustering quality. The clustering results are visualized in the form of a map for easy interpretation. This research is expected to help policymakers design more effective policies in reducing unemployment in Indonesia, provide deep insights into regional differences in terms of unemployment, and support targeted decision-making.
Application of robust estimation methods in real estate valuation
Authors: Adamczyk Tomasz
Published: December 2024

Motives: Conducting real estate appraisals in well-developed markets presents a multitude of data analysis challenges. Some property price data may contain outliers that can significantly affect the valuation process and, as a result, the estimated value. In the case of real estate valuation regression models, estimation is most often based on the least squares method, where outliers are taken into account just like the rest of the data. Eliminating or minimizing the influence of outliers can lead to more reliable estimation results. Such problems can be solved by implementing robust regression methods.
Aim: The main goal is to determine whether robust estimation methods using M-estimators with multiple regression models can provide more accurate estimates of property values.
Results: Research has shown that multiple regression models using robust regression methods can be applied to estimate property values. The use of different types of M-estimators allows for the objective elimination of outliers through algorithms that operate on the entire data set. The calculations are carried out iteratively, and at each iteration step the residuals are verified and the observations are re-weighted. The following M-estimators were considered: Huber, Hampel, Tukey, Faire, Cauchy and Welsch. The reference point was the estimation results from the ordinary least squares method (OLS). All analysed M-estimators led to an increase in the coefficient of determination value and a decrease in standard estimation errors. Each algorithm detected the outliers. The valuation results for the selected properties were also more reliable. The results obtained depend on the characteristics of the data, and the choice of the best estimator may vary across different property markets. The selection of the best estimator may even vary within the same local property market, where the valuer makes subjective assessments of the location or other attributes.
Decline in the diversity of the dendroflora of Lublin on the example of housing estates built at the turn of the XXth and XXI century
Authors: Renda Joanna , Trzaskowska Ewa
Published: December 2024

Motives: The need to maintain species diversity in cities has been widely reported in the literature. Among other things, it promotes plant resistance to climate change, reduces susceptibility to diseases and pests, and increases the visual attractiveness of the landscape. The proper design of tall vegetation is particularly important in residential areas, where it affects the quality of life of residents. Meanwhile, the degradation of green spaces in cities has been observed.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the condition of greenery in Lublin’s housing estates and to describe changes in its formation in different time periods.
Results: In Lublin, a decrease in the number and diversity of tree species in residential areas was observed, and it was greatest in newer neighborhoods. It is necessary to recognize this phenomenon and take measures to stop this process, e.g. by introducing new planting standards to ensure good living conditions, protect biodiversity, and create an efficiently functioning system of green areas.
Consequences of the destruction at the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Plant for agriculture in the South of Ukraine
Authors: Shubravska Olena , Popova Olha , Prokopenko Kateryna
Published: December 2024

Motives: Ukraine’s agricultural sector has suffered immense losses due to the Russian invasion. The situation worsened after the Kakhovka Hydropower Plant was undermined in the summer of 2023. It is essential to assess the devastating consequences of this destruction in order to plan the future development of the agricultural sector.
Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the expected volume of agricultural production and possible scenarios of its development in the areas affected by the explosion at the Kakhovka Hydropower Plant. The study also aims to summarize the opinions expressed during the discussion on the reconstruction of the Hydropower Plant.
Results: In the medium term, agricultural activity in the region will be conducted on rainfed land at a scale similar to that of 2022. In the long term, there will be significant losses of almost all crop products due to changes in the structure of crops according to ecological requirements. Currently, there is no unified position on the restoration of the Kakhovka Reservoir and Hydropower Plant due to conflicting economic and environmental approaches.
Advancing the Recognition of Women in African Philosophy
Authors: Maponya Dimpho Takane
Published: December 2024

In this article, I examine the marginalisation of women, specifically in African philosophy, with the aim of cautioning and inspiring a reconfiguration of African philosophy that takes seriously the discourse of gender as it does the discourse of race. I employ Charles Taylor's notion of recognition to understand some of the effects of a lack of recognition, which I then extend to the lack of recognition of women in African philosophy. I present this understanding against the background of the ongoing debates and efforts of decolonisation by illustrating how the marginalisation of women in African philosophy places the discipline at odds with decolonisation and its emancipatory objective. African philosophy, in the process of legitimising its existence, has adopted a male-centred framework which has not only undermined the existence of women but also failed to recognise their contributions. This has influenced the practice and discourse of African philosophy, resulting in the underrepresentation of women therein.
Creolising the State?
Authors: Gordon Jane Anna
Published: December 2024

While the Euromodern model of the nation-state has been the subject of unremitting, exhaustive and merited political criticism, this article advances an anti-anti-statism. Oriented by warnings of theorists who have advanced plurinational states, creolising the nation, separating states from nations and abolishing the state, I turn to Fanon's insistence that states be re-envisioned beyond Cold War alternatives and narrowing nationalisms; Cabral's modelling of political unity on an effective football team; and Gyekye's suggestion of deliberately forging meta-national states. I argue that we need the institutional rejection of states reliant on racialised enslavement and colonialism as the exclusive custodians of bestowing and withholding political recognition. We must also premise rightful belonging not only on historical group identities but on how these are expressed in records of political activities demonstrating commitment to the cultivation and extension of national consciousness or the meta-state as the basis of political legitimacy.
THE IMPACT OF ETHNICITY ON CLINICAL FEATURES OF PREECLAMPSIA
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Nikolaeva Maria G. , Nguyen Dang Kien ,   Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Ministry of Health of Vietnam, Terekhina Vasilisa Yu. ,   Altai State Medical University, Kien Nguyen Trung
Published: December 2024

Objective. To identify potential risk factors and characteristics associated with the course of preeclampsia in women of European and Asian descent.

Materials and Methods. This study was conducted as a two-center comparative analysis. In the Russian center, we analyzed records from 212 pregnant women, including their birth histories and newborn outcomes. In the People's Republic of Vietnam, we examined the pregnancy and birth data of 255 women who were at least 22 weeks gestation and had hypertension at the time of delivery.

Results. The Russian and Vietnamese cohorts were comparable in terms of parity and the age of onset of preeclampsia (PE). However, the Vietnamese group exhibited a higher incidence of early (placental) preeclampsia, with rates of 31.3% compared to 19.1% in the Russian group (p=0.0025). Clinical markers of PE varied significantly between the two groups: Vietnamese patients showed more severe arterial hypertension (p<0.0001), while Russian patients had higher rates of proteinuria (p<0.0001). Among Vietnamese patients, maternal life-threatening complications included eclampsia (1.2%), pulmonary edema (0.4%), and HELLP syndrome (3.9%), none of which were observed in the Russian cohort, which had a specific incidence of PONRP at 7.1% (p=0.0061).

Conclusion. The differing clinical parameters of preeclampsia in these ethnic groups suggest distinct pathogenetic pathways for the disease, indicating the need for further research.
INFECTIOUS AND INFLAMMATORY FACTOR IN THE GENESIS OF LATE SPONTANEOUS MISCARRIAGES AND CORRECTION BY NATURAL PHYSICAL FACTORS
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Chernova Anastasia E. , Remneva Olga V. ,   Altai State Medical University, Baranov Danil A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Grebtsov Ivan V. ,   Altai State Medical University, Petrov Andrey V. ,   LLC Sanatorium "Altai Castle", Altai Krai, Belokurikha, Shadeeva Yulia A. ,   Altai State Medical University
Published: December 2024

Objective. Identify the potential clinical and anamnestic risk factors for spontaneous late miscarriages and assess the effectiveness of natural physical factors to correct them.

Materials and methods. At the first stage of the study, we conducted a retrospective analysis, the main group included 70 patients with a history of miscarriages, the comparison group consisted of 70 women without reproductive loss. In the second stage, 9 patients in the main group were treated with radono and peloid therapy. Histological verification was carried out by an endometrial histology study. The results were entered into the MS Excel database and processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 27 program. The significance of the differences was evaluated using Shapiro-Wilk criteria, Mann-Whitney, Pearson's chi-square, Yates’ chi-square and Fisher's test. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05

Results. Women with a history of miscarriages were significantly more likely to have chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (р=0.016), urinary infections (р=0.03), specific infections (р=0.02), bacterial vaginosis (р=0.007) and upper respiratory tract infections during pregnancy (р=0.03). After sanatorium treatment, regression of chronic endometritis markers was observed by immunohistochemical analysis of the endometrium.

Conclusion. Infectious and inflammatory factors play a significant role in the etiology of spontaneous late miscarriages. During radon and peloid therapy, regression of chronic endometritis markers regression that can be used in preconception care in patients with reproductive losses.
Treatment of occult radiculopathy in complex regional pain syndrome by anterior cervical discectomy and fusion following localization by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose radioligand and PET/MRI: illustrative case
Authors: Schonfeld Ethan , Haider Ghani , Tawfik Vivianne , Jin Michael C. , Yoo Kelly , Marianayagam Neelan J. , Biswal Sandip , Veeravagu Anand
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The inability to localize pain generators often results in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). Structural imaging can identify multiple and/or noncausative abnormalities. Molecular imaging of glucose transporters offers the opportunity to localize metabolically active sites. Using the radiotracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) with positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) has enabled the localization of malignant lesions and pain generators via regions of high inflammation.

OBSERVATIONS

A 61-year-old woman was diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and experienced right greater than left upper-extremity pain. Following PET/MRI with the FDG radioligand for GLUT, increased radiotracer uptake was seen in the right C6 nerve root and dorsal root ganglion, providing additional information to the structural MRI findings of narrowing of the right C5–6 neural foramina. Together with pain relief following a transforaminal steroid injection to the area, these results prompted the authors to perform a C5–6 anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedure, which resulted in significant symptom relief.

LESSONS

The authors present a case of worsening upper-extremity CRPS with an occult radiculopathy that improved following surgery to address a pain generator identified by FDG PET/MRI. Localization of inflammatory sites can reduce FBSS and nonspecific management of pain believed to be resulting from spinal pain generators in a wide array of chronic pain syndromes.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24327
Visual impairment associated with direct compression of the visual cortex due to subdural hematoma following foramen magnum decompression: illustrative case
Authors: Nakayama Yosuke , Yamana Satoshi , Nogami Ryo , Fuga Michiyasu , Sano Tohru , Kawamura Daichi , Murayama Yuichi , Ohashi Hiroki
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Postoperative subdural hematoma (SDH) typically presents with headache, impaired consciousness, hemiplegia, gait disturbance, and aphasia but can also present with visual impairment.

OBSERVATIONS

A 52-year-old woman diagnosed with Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia underwent foramen magnum decompression. Cerebrospinal fluid was lost due to arachnoid injury during the procedure. Postoperatively, a small acute SDH was apparent in the posterior convexity on head computed tomography but was managed conservatively because no neurological deficits were present. Visual impairment developed 2 weeks postoperatively. Ophthalmological examination showed right lower quadrantanopia with normal anterior ocular segment and fundoscopic findings. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated SDH in the left posterior convexity with direct compression of the visual cortex. Conservative treatment reduced the hematoma and improved visual impairment.

LESSONS

SDH in the posterior convexity can cause visual impairment via direct compression of the visual cortex. SDH should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with visual impairment following craniotomy.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24525
Brown-Séquard syndrome after blunt cervical spine trauma in a patient with preinjury multilevel hemilaminectomies and OPLL: illustrative case
Authors: Torres Jose , Kim Kevin T. , Yarmoska Steven K. , Serra Riccardo , Crandall Kenneth M.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Brown-Séquard syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by injury to one-half of the spinal cord. In the context of trauma, BSS is typically seen with penetrating injuries. Here, the authors present the unique case of a patient presenting with BSS after blunt trauma.

OBSERVATIONS

A 70-year-old male with a history of right cervical hemilaminectomies from C4 to C6 and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) presented after a motor vehicle collision. He had left-sided weakness (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] grade C with a motor score of 45 and a neurological level of C4), left-sided sensory loss, and right-sided loss of sensation to painful stimulation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant spinal cord compression from C2 to C6, with intramedullary signal from C2 to C5. The patient underwent urgent C2–6 laminectomies with C2–5 instrumented fusion. Intraoperative ultrasound confirmed complete decompression as well as visualized a hyperechoic signal, particularly in the left C3–4 hemicord, evident of spinal cord injury. Postoperatively, his ASIA motor score improved to 56 at the 6-week follow-up.

LESSONS

This case highlights a unique scenario in which prior decompressive surgeries could have provided a protective effect on the spinal cord at the levels with concomitant OPLL and hemilaminectomies, potentially preventing complete tetraplegia.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24637
A rare case of cervical myelopathy due to a bipartite atlas: degenerative complications and surgical outcome. Illustrative case
Authors: Otsuka Munehiro , Miyamoto Takanobu , Ohara Jiro , Hoshimaru Minoru , Ueda Shigeo
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

A bipartite atlas is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by incomplete fusion of the anterior and posterior arches of the first cervical vertebra (C1). While typically asymptomatic, this condition can result in cervical myelopathy when accompanied by degenerative changes. This report presents a rare case of cervical myelopathy caused by a bipartite atlas in an older patient that required surgical intervention.

OBSERVATIONS

A 63-year-old male presented with progressive neurological symptoms, including impaired fine motor skills, pain, and paresthesias in both the upper and lower extremities. Imaging revealed a bipartite atlas accompanied by degenerative changes, resulting in significant spinal cord compression. The patient underwent a posterior decompression via C1 laminectomy and duraplasty, resulting in significant clinical improvement and a resolution of symptoms.

LESSONS

This case highlights the importance of recognizing a bipartite atlas as a potential cause of cervical myelopathy, particularly in older patients with degenerative changes. This is a rare case in which congenital and degenerative factors are intertwined, underscoring the importance of a comprehensive pathological analysis and the development of a personalized treatment strategy. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention are essential for favorable outcomes.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24688
Diagnostic challenges of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor in an adult female: illustrative case
Authors: Ma Lichao , Meng GuoLu , Tang Jie , Hou Yuanzheng
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) is a rare central nervous system tumor, especially in adult females. Typically, it presents with leptomeningeal enhancements in the basal cisterns and spinal cord. However, varied radiological and pathological features can complicate the diagnosis, as the present case illustrates.

OBSERVATIONS

An adult female presented with severe headache, blurred vision, and cognitive impairment. Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) was detected via lumbar puncture. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed atypical unilateral basal cistern enhancement, differing from the usual symmetrical DLGNT presentation. Despite high ICP, only mild ventricular enlargement was observed. Noncontrast spine MRI failed to demonstrate spinal leptomeningeal enhancement. A stereotactic biopsy of an occipital lesion was inconclusive. These atypical findings led to misdiagnoses of viral encephalitis or inflammation at two hospitals. Significant symptom relief occurred only after ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery. Over 2.5 years, intraparenchymal lesions in the parahippocampal gyrus grew, necessitating surgical intervention. Pathological examination finally confirmed DLGNT. Postsurgery, the patient underwent chemotherapy with temozolomide and remains symptom free.

LESSONS

This case underscores the critical importance of comprehensive initial imaging, strategic biopsy planning, and timely placement of a VP shunt in patients with DLGNT. It contributes to the literature by revealing atypical imaging features and long-term progression patterns of DLGNT.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24701
Regarding Personnel Access to the Location Area of the Shelter Object Unstable Structures to be Dismantled
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Balan O. V. , Pavlovsky L. I. , Pidbereznyi S. S. , Rudko V. M.
Published: December 2024

The need to dismantle the unstable structures of the Shelter object is due to several reasons, including the rather high probability of the collapse of these structures even in the conditions of operation inside the New Safe Confinement (NSC). Thus, all metal structures, which, respectively, make up the Shelter object, will be subject to dismantling. It is claimed that the activity of dismantling the unstable structures of the Shelter object is rather difficult engineering task. First of all, this circumstance is caused by the need to perform work in very difficult radiation conditions, where the values of the dose rate (DR) in many zones reach more than 10 mSv/h. The highest values of DR were recorded in the work area zone (WAZ) on the runup from the pipes, in the area of the “Dog’s House” block (over 48 mSv/h) and on the rubble above the deaerator stack (DS) overlap (over 35 mSv/h). It is emphasized that the involvement of personnel in physical work in such conditions should be excluded or minimized. The paper presents the main results of the study of personnel access routes to the work area (WA) for the dismantling of unstable structures of the Shelter object and radiation conditions in the areas where they are located. Possible individual doses of personnel on the access routes to the WAZ and back are given. With the help of existing data on the radiation situation and the angular distribution of gamma radiation along the routes, by means of the program ChNPP VRdose Planner Pro v. 2.2.2 modeling of the shielding parameters of the protective cabin in the area of the “Octopus” beam was carried out. On the example of dismantling works of the connecting truss structure of the southern part of the Shelter object roof, the calculations of the time spent on the access of personnel to the emergency room and back by their own pace and with the use of a protective cabin for personnel movement, which in turn is transported by a crane of the NSC, were made. The amount of averted dose to personnel due to the use of a protective cabin was estimated. The work emphasizes that the protection of personnel from the effects of radiation on the access routes can be solved by using a shielded protective cabin, which will be transported by one of the NSC cranes from the parking place at the temporary storage site to the WAZ for dismantling the unstable structures of the Shelter object. The protective cabin should be universal and allow its use for any Shelter object zone due to the ability to adjust the orientation of the cabin in relation to the existing radiation sources, as well as the ability to adjust the thickness of the shielding layer on all six sides. Possibilities for transporting the cabin by the NSC crane, changing the orientation due to the turning mechanism and adjusting the thickness of the shielding layer should be included in the design of the protective cabin.
Vertical structure of currents in the western Weddell Sea
Authors: Mukhametyanov R. Z.
Published: December 2024

The Southern Ocean plays a key role in the global circulation of the World Ocean. The Weddell Gyre, being one of two gyres that determine the large-scale dynamics of the Southern Ocean, makes a significant contribution to the global thermohaline circulation. In this regard, the study of the dynamics and structure of waters in the Weddell Sea seems very relevant for improving our understanding of the processes occurring in the World Ocean. In this work, based on an array of data on current velocities from moorings collected from an open source (Pangaea), the vertical structure of currents on a slope in the western part of the Weddell Sea (northwestern and southern parts) was studied. The main result is the intensification of the current in the bottom layer identified, based on the mean velocities calculated over the period of measurement, which, apparently, is a characteristic feature of the Weddell Gyre for both its western and southern branches. An increase in velocities in the bottom layer at individual moorings previously noted in separate works was confirmed and shown based on an array of data on current velocities from 108 sensors at 37 moorings on the continental slope in the northwestern and southern parts of the Weddell Sea.
Comparison of long-term trends and interannual variations of the NO₂ content in the atmosphere according to satellite (OMI) and ground-based spectrometric measurements at NDACC stations
Authors: Gruzdev A. N. , Elokhov A. S.
Published: December 2024

Results of analysis of long-term trends and interannual variations of the NO₂ content in the atmosphere according to measurements with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aboard the EOS-Aura satellite in 2004–2020 are compared to the results of a similar analysis of the NO₂ content derived from independent spectrometric twilight NO₂ measurements by zenith-scattered solar radiation at stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC)). According to both the data, seasonally dependent estimates of linear NO₂ trends and variations of the NO₂ content under the influence of the 11-year cycle of solar activity and large-scale circulation factors such as the Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations, variations in ocean surface temperature in the Niño 3.4 zone, and the quasi-biennial oscillation in zonal wind in the equatorial stratosphere have been obtained. In general, a good qualitative and, in some cases, quantitative correspondence between estimates of interannual variations of NO₂ has been obtained. For interannual variations of stratospheric NO₂, not a bad correspondence between estimates based on satellite and ground-based data has been obtained on average for all stations, but the correspondence between trend estimates is noticeably worse. The best correspondence between the analysis results has been obtained for Zvenigorod station. For stratospheric NO₂, it was noted in 80–90% of cases, and the correspondence for tropospheric NO₂ is practically 100%.
Heavy metals-resistant PGPR strains of Pseudomonas  sp. stimulating the growth of alfalfa under cadmium stress
Authors: Chubukova O. V. , Khakimova L. R. , Matnyazov R. T. , Vershinina Z. R.
Published: December 2024

Three bacteria strains of Pseudomonas sp. resistant to heavy metals were isolated from the chemically contaminated soil. According to the results on the nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA and rpoD genes, strain Pseudomonas sp. 17 НМ was identified as Pseudomonas capeferrum, and the strains of Pseudomonas sp. 65 НМ и 67 НМ were most closely related to the type strain of Pseudomonas silesiensis и Pseudomonas umsongensis, respectively. It has been shown that strains of Pseudomonas sp. 17 НМ, 65 НМ, 67 НМ are characterized by different levels of resistance of heavy metals: maximum tolerance concentration (MTC) of zinc was 1 mМ for all strains, cadmium 1, 1.5, 1 mМ, lead 5, 5, 4 mМ, nickel 7, 9, 7 mМ, respectively. All pseudomonad strains can form biofilms and have the properties of PGPR bacteria. Treatment of alfalfa seeds (Medicago sativa L.) with strains Pseudomonas sp. 17 НМ, 65 НМ, 67 НМ under cadmium stress led to an increase in the dry weight of alfalfa seedling up to 40 % and the content of chlorophyll a and b in the leaves by 25-33% relative to the control.
Molecular aspects of regulation of expression of homeologic glutamate dehydrogenase genes in wheat leaves under hypoxia
Authors: Fedorin D. N. , Eprintsev A. T.
Published: December 2024

An increase in GDH activity has been established when plants are exposed to hypoxic conditions in the first 6 hours, which ensures the formation of an adaptive response of cellular metabolism to the lack of oxygen in the cell. A difference in the transcriptional activity of homeologous GDH-1 genes in wheat leaves under stress conditions was shown. An increase in the mRNA content of the GDH-1(5A) gene in wheat leaves when plants are exposed to hypoxic conditions is observed in the first hours of the experiment, which correlates with a change in the catalytic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase. Regulation of this gene is carried out by the transcription factor HIF, the specific landing site of which is found in the transcription initiation site of the promoter of this gene.
Leukocyte composition of immune organs of Coregonus migratorius, infected Dibothriocephalus dendriticus
Authors: Mazur O. E. , Kutyrev I. A. , Tolochko L. V.
Published: December 2024

For the first time, an analysis of leukocyte changes in the immune organs (pronephros, mesonephros and spleen) of the Baikal omul Coregonus migratorius (Georgi, 1775) (Salmoniformes: Coregonidae) infected with Dibothriocephalus dendriticus (Nitsch, 1824) (syn. Diphyllobothrium dendriticum) (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) is presented in natural habitat conditions. In the pronephros of infected fish, the number of poorly differentiated neutrophils (myelocytes and metamyelocytes) was significantly higher than in uninfected fish, which indicated inflammatory processes. D. dendriticus triggered the immunoregulatory processes in the body of infected fish, as evidenced by the decrease in the total number of lymphocytes and prolymphocytes (B-lymphocytes) in the pronephros and the increase in prolymphocytes in the spleen. The other effector elements (cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, basophils and eosinophils) were hardly involved in antiparasitic defense.
Cramer-Castillon on a Triangle's Incircle and Excircles
Authors: Laurain Dominique , Moses Peter , Reznik Dan
Published: December 2024

Cramer-Castillonov problem (CCP) se sastoji u traženju jednog ili više mnogokuta upisanih u kružnicu tako da njihove stranice ciklički prolaze kroz N točaka. Ovaj problem proučavamo u slučaju kada su točke vrhovi trokuta, a kružnica ili njegova upisana ili jedna od pripisanih kružnica. Dokazujemo da (i) u svakom slučaju uvijek postoji par rješenja (ukupno 8 novih trokuta i 24 vrha); (ii) svaki par dijeli sve objekte Brocardove geometrije; (iii) u baricentričnim koordinatama se pojavljuje zlatni rez; i (iv) jednostavnim operacijama na baricentričnim koordinatama se iz jednog od 24 vrha mogu dobiti preostala 23.
Development of Student E-Attendance System using QR-Code and WhatsApp Gateway with The Iterative Model Based on Android
Authors: Mar’atuttahirah  , Miftahulkhairah  , Alfito Ramadan Barik
Published: December 2024

The rapid advancement of technology not only creates new industries but also reshapes global competition. In higher education, learning implementation must meet standards for content, process, and assessment. Student attendance plays a significant role within these standards. Using Android smartphones for attendance tracking resolves issues related to student presence, saves time, and enhances the efficiency and accuracy of the attendance recapitulation process for lecturers. This study explores an innovative system that integrates QR-Code and WhatsApp Gateway using an iterative model on a single platform. Blackbox testing confirmed that all features and functions of the Android application work as intended. Furthermore, a Likert scale evaluation scored 89%, indicating that the e-attendance system effectively facilitates student attendance and helps lecturers summarize attendance data more accurately and efficiently. The system then provides this data as administrative monitoring reports for the academic department regarding the conducted lectures.
Data Acquisition System on Cocoa Bean Fermenter Using ESP32 Based on MQQT Protocol
Authors: Akbar Zainal , Yuriadi  , Sidehabi Sitti Wetenriajeng
Published: December 2024

The fermentation process of cocoa beans is a critical stage in chocolate production that affects the final quality of the product. To ensure that fermentation takes place optimally, monitoring parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pH is necessary. This research aims to develop and validate an Internet of Things (IoT)-based data acquisition system that uses ESP32 and MQTT protocols to monitor the fermentation process of cocoa beans. The system consists of an ESP32 module connected to DHT22 sensors to measure temperature and humidity, and a pH meter to measure acidity. The data collected by the sensors is sent in real-time via a wireless connection to an MQTT broker, where it can be monitored continuously.
System testing was conducted in a small-scale fermentation environment. Validation results show that the system is capable of providing accurate and consistent data when compared to manual measurements using standardized tools. The difference between the data collected by the system and manual measurements was within acceptable tolerance limits, indicating that the system is reliable enough to be used in small-scale applications. The system also demonstrated fast response to changes in fermentation conditions, and stable data connection with minimal latency via the MQTT protocol.
The developed data acquisition system has successfully acquired data and validated it using standard measuring instruments. The average data error for the pH sensor is 2.78%, temperature sensor 1.41%, and humidity sensor 1.94%. These error values indicate that the performance of the sensors used is good.
ЕТ ӨНДІРУ ПРОЦЕСІНДЕ ТЕХНОХИМИЯЛЫҚ БАҚЫЛАУ ШАРАЛАРЫ
Authors: Байзакова Ж.С. , Солодова Е.В. , Кожабергенов А.Т. , Қозықан С. , Бупебаева Л.К.
Published: December 2024

Мақалада ет өндірісінің жұмыс түріне қарай санитариялық өңейтін химиялық препараттардың дайындалу ерекшеліктері айтылған. Малды сою алдындағы тынықтыру базасы, сойыс алаңы, ет-май өндіру орындары, мұздатқыштар, етті қайта өңдеу өндірістік орындары, консерві дайындау және т.б. орындардың сызбасы берілген. Сапалы ет және ет өнімдерін алу  мақсатында қабылданған малдарды союға дайындау, сою және ұшаны алғашқы өңдеуден өткізу кезіндегі барлық орындалатын санитариялық жұмыстардың технологиялық әдіс бойынша атқарылу мәселесі айтылған. Малды қабылдағаннан кейінгі союға әзірлеу, сою, ұшаны алғаш өңдеу, қосымша өнімдерін өңдеу және еттен алынатын өнімдер үшін тиісті технологиялық әдістерді дұрыс қолдану арқылы, технологиялық  әдістер бойынша жасалынатын санитариялық дезинфекциялық өңдеу процестерінде химиялық препараттарды дайындау ерекшеліктеріне тоқталған. Ет өнеркәсібіндегі басты өндіріс орыны, негізгі өндіріс орындарын анықтау жайында барлық мәліметтер жинақталып айтылған. Және өнімдерді өңдеу технологиясы мен аспалы жолдар технологиялық ағынның топтасу тәсiлi өнiмдi есептеу процесiндегi өнiмнiң берiлiсiне және ауыр жүктердi цехаралық тасымалдауға негiзделген. Негiзгi қасиеттерi: қайта өңдеу процесi кезiнде өнiмнiң ластануы болмайды; қосымша қозғалмалы оперциясыз жан-жақтан өңдеу жағдайына ыңғайлы болуы; цехтарда талап етiлетiн санитарлы-гигиеналық жағдайларын қолдану мұмкiншiлiктерi қамтамасыз етiлуi; ветеринарлы-санитарлық бақылау талабына сәйкес өндірістік ғимараттар мен көрші кәсіпорындар аралығына санитарлық-қорғау аймағы орнатылуы қажеттігі айтылған. Мал өнімі түрлерін өңдеу орындарында ет сапасын арттыру мақсатындағы цех қуатын, ондағы пайдаланылатын қондырғылар, аспалы конвейерлер өнімділігі, жұмыс орындарының ұзындығы бойынша өлшемдері көрсетілген.
МИКРОТОЛҚЫНДЫ ӨҢДЕУ АРҚЫЛЫ ӨНДІРІСТІК КЛИНКЕРДЕН МЫРЫШТЫ АЛУ: ФАЗАЛЫҚ ӨЗГЕРІСТЕРДІ ОҢТАЙЛАНДЫРУ ЖӘНЕ ШАЙМАЛАУ ТИІМДІЛІГІН АРТТЫРУ
Authors: Кенжалиев Б.К. , Өмірбек Т.С. , Беркінбаева А.Н. , Сәулебекқызы Ш. , Төлегенова Н.М.
Published: December 2024

Бұл мақалада өңдеу күрделілігі жоғары материалдардан мырышты тиімді экстракциялау мақсатында микротолқынды әсер ету бойынша озық әдіс ұсынылған. Сипатталған әдіс екі кезекті фазаны қамтиды: микротолқынды әсер ету арқылы фазалық өзгеріс және амбиентті температурада күкірт қышқылында шаймалау. Микротолқынды энергияны пайдалану арқылы жүзеге асырылатын фазалық өзгеріс барысында қиын еритін мырыш фазалары бақыланатын фазаға ауысады. Эксперимент нәтижелері микротолқынды өңдеу 600°C-та 5–7 минут бойы ZnS-ті ZnO-ға түрлендіру үшін тиімді екенін, ZnO∙Fe2O3 түзілуін болдырмайтынын растайды. Микротолқынды сәулелену қуаты 25 кВт кезінде көрсетілген уақыт аралығында клинкерден мырыш экстракциясы 46,47% құрайды. Осылайша, зерттеу, күрделі өңделетін ресурстардан мырышты экологиялық қауіпсіз өндірудің болашағын ашады.