bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 'untranslatable' signifier in the translation of the historical novel 'The Brigde on the Drina' by Ivo Andrić
Authors: Stojanović Ana
Published: March 2021

This article compares two texts, the original one in Serbian by Ivo Andrić (one of the major voices of Serbian literature) and the version of the Italian translation by Bruno Meriggi, a translator who will be remembered for having left a valuable contribution to philological research in the context of overall historiography. The article analyzes the "untranslated" elements and signs, which appear most significant for the work of an interpreter, through a comparison of signs, meanings, similarities and dissimilarities, interpretation and intentionality in the translation of the historical novel the Brigde on the Drina by Ivo Andrić. The analysis which will in any case be connected with the guiding ideas of the concept of untranslatability, (such as obstacles in translation, and partial and absolute losses in translation), will be also developed through a semiotic gaze in order to understand the true importance of words in interpretation and the study of non-verbal messages.
Milica Mićić Dimovska and the challenges of subtlety
Authors: Forrester Sibelan
Published: March 2021

The author considers the importance of translation in conveying the ideas and artistic production of less well-known authors, in this case Serbian author Milica Mićić Dimovska (1947-2013). Concentrating on two of her novels, Poslednji zanosi MSS (1996) and Mrena (2002), the article discusses potential political interpretations of Mićić Dimovska's writing, with some attention to its critical reception in Serbia, and speculates on how each of the novels might translate into English.
Transfer pricing in a function of abusing tax competition instruments
Authors: Tanasić Ljiljana , Petrović Teodor
Published: March 2021

The paper focuses on elucidating transfer pricing as a means of tax competition instruments misuse. Tax competition instruments have a key role in creating national tax attractiveness for foreign direct investment. However, in order to protect the local tax base on the basis of abuse of tax competition instruments, a large number of countries apply the principle of sources of income, i.e. taxation of business profits made by a non-resident legal entity exclusively in the country where the business was conducted and revenue generated. But with the process of globalization and the expansion of multinational companies, i.e. related legal entities, the instruments of tax competition have remained a suitable area of legally permitted transfer of profits through the application of transfer pricing. The data presented in the paper indicate that, although the trend of global corporate tax rate (as the dominant instrument of tax competition) has a downward trajectory, there are still fluctuations in rates between countries around the world, including the existing inconsistencies and ambiguities of national tax regulations. Taking this into account, the aim of the paper was to emphasize that transfer prices, through the instruments of tax competition, have threatened the economic, social, and tax stability of individual countries for more than two decades. The paper shows that developed countries have managed, to a certain extent, to gain control over their application by introducing more aggressive tax audits of transfer pricing. However, special attention is paid to developing countries which remain an active source of tax competition instruments abuse through the inadequate application of transfer pricing, due to the lack of adequate regulatory and control mechanisms, financial and human resources, and efforts to attract foreign investment through various instruments of tax competition.
Generalised regularity and compactness of matrix operators
Authors: Malkowsky E.
Published: March 2021

A well-known result by Cohen and Dunford ([2], 1937) characterises the class of all regular compact linear operators. It follows that a regular matrix transformation cannot be compact. This means that if c denotes the set of all complex sequences of complex numbers, then an infinite matrix that maps c into c and preserves the limits cannot be compact. We obtained this result in a different way applying the theory of BK spaces from functional analysis and summability, and using the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness. Furthermore, we present the extension of this result to matrix transformations between the spaces c and the spaces of strongly summable sequences by the Cesaro method of order 1, and of strongly convergent sequences. We present new unified proofs for our main results.
Satisfaction of guests at the gastroenological offer in Belgrade
Authors: Janković Ivana , Ćirić Miloš
Published: March 2021

Tourism is one of the areas that has begun to develop in the last few year and one of the main reasons for that represent the intensive development of gastronomy. !e development of gastronomy and a quality offer of food and beverages is one of the means for ensuring the quality of the guest in a restaurant. Special attention in the gastronomic area is represented by the gastroenolic offer, ie the offer of food and wine, which requires special attention to the food on the plate and the wine that is served with it. This paper will present the results obtained after conducting research in several Belgrade restaurants in order to examine the satisfaction of users with their gastroenological offer. Over the past years, the literature has been enriched by numerous studies which examines the factors that affect the level of satisfaction with gastroenological offers which includes includes gender, age, education, occupation, family status. After detailed analysis of the obtained results, it has been concluded that the guests of Belgrade restaurants are satisfied with the gastrooenological offer, but a small percentage of respondents, who are not satisfied with this offer, increase the need for improve catering services and also gastroenological offer.
Possible consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of employees in travel agencies in Serbia
Authors: Vučković Jelisaveta , Tsitsivas Vesna
Published: March 2021

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 virus pandemic, which is still ongoing, and it is uncertain when it will end. Essentially, it is an epidemiological problem which has turned into economic, sociological, socio-political and psychological one. Based on the information available so far, it can be concluded that the tourism industry (and within it, especially the business operations of travel agencies and tour operators), both in the world and in Serbia, is one of the most affected, due to the pandemic. Freedom of movement is restricted and people's safety is endangered, which are the key preconditions for tourism mobility. The subject of analysis in this paper is an attempt to look at the psychological aspect of the COVID-19 virus pandemic, with special emphasis on its possible consequences on the mental health of the employees in travel agencies in Serbia. Meny experts think that it will undoubtedly adversely affect people's mental health, and prospective studies on this topic will follow in the future.
A new sighting of killer whale, Orcinus orca, in Caribbean inshore waters off Colombia
Authors: Franco-L Laura C , Delgadillo-G Oscar
Published: March 2021

Killer whales, Orcinus orca, are known to be one of the most widespread cetaceans, inhabiting all the oceans of the world, but their presence in the Southern Caribbean has been scarcely recorded up to date. An unusual sighting of a killer whale is described for the first time in inshore waters of the Gulf of Morrosquillo. The whale was sighted on 22 March 2015 and it was a solitary individual of unrecognized sex that showed ongoing diving and surfacing behavior at a site 6.3 km from the coast with depths between 20 and 24 m. Its occurrence could be related to favorable environmental and oceanographic conditions and to the potential effect of recent seismic offshore oil and gas operations in the gulf, which may impact a whale’s location and behavior. This report contributes to the scarcity of information about the distribution of O. orca in the Caribbean Sea along the coast of Colombia.
A Randomised Clinical Radiological Study using Platelet Rich Fibrin and MTA in Pulpotomy of First Permanent Immature Molars
Authors: Alawwad Mahmoud , Altinawi Mohamed , Rekab Mohammad Salem , Kosyreva Tamara , Almokaddam Hayan , Katbeh Imad
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Maintaining a vital pulp of immature permanent teeth is an essential and important requirement for dentin formation. Every effort must be made to preserve the vitality of teeth with incomplete apices to maintain the physiological apex generation process as much as possible. Pulpotomy is considered as one of the successful procedures to maintain this process in immature teeth. Aim: To evaluate the treatment success of pulpotomy of first immature molars with irreversible pulpitis using Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and monitoring the teeth for one year. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical and radiological double-blinded evaluation was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Dentistry at Damascus University, Damascus, Syria. The research sample consisted of 24 first permanent immature molars in 20 children between age group of 6-8 years. Each of them had at least one first permanent immature molar with irreversible pulpitis. The research sample was randomly divided into two equal groups according to the treatment method: 1) pulpotomy with PRF; and 2) pulpotomy using MTA. Treatment were evaluated through periodic reviews and clinical and radiological examinations of the treated teeth by three specialists to assess treatment success. The treatment outcome was determined in terms of success or failure during two study periods (after six months and after one year). McNemar’s and Chi-square tests were applied using IBM SPSS version 20.0. The significance level was set at p-value <0.05. Results: Chi-square test showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the treatment success or failure between the treatment groups after six months and one year follow-up, p>0.05. After analysing the results statistically using McNemar’s test, it was observed that the treatment success rate after one year (50%, n=6) was lesser than that after six months (100%, n=12) in the MTA treatment group (p=0.031). In the treatment group using PRF, no significant difference (p=0.125) was observed in the success or failure of treatment between the two studied time periods (after six months and one year). Overall, the success rate of MTA was slightly higher than the success rate of PRF at the two study time periods (after six months and one year), the difference however was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Performing first immature molar pulpotomy using MTA had a slightly higher success rate than PRF pulpotomy.
Factors Affecting the Use of Domestic Gas in Benin: A Comparative Study of Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression
Authors: Adanguidi Jean
Published: March 2021

The strong growth in demand for wood energy in Benin's major cities today represents a real threat to the preservation of forest ecosystems. The promotion of new alternatives such as the use of domestic gas as cooking energy could help to better cope with the adverse effects of climate change resulting from deforestation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants of domestic gas use in Benin. To do so, we used data from 15,000 households collected during the Global Food Vulnerability and Security Analysis Survey of 2017. We then compared the prediction of household gas use determinants by Multilayer Perceptron Neural Networks (MLP) and classical Binary Logistic Regression (BLR). The two approaches have highlighted as important factors of the adoption of Domestic Gas in Benin, the residence department (here department of the Littoral) and the level of education. We also noted that the MLP highlighted more adoption factors than the BLR model (income, ethnicity, and number of wives of the household head). In order to increase the use of domestic gas on a large scale, the Government must put in place a policy that promotes the physical and financial accessibility (through subsidies) of the product to the large mass of the population in our cities which are still dependent on traditional energy sources such as wood fuel and charcoal in order to better protect our forest ecosystems in a sustainable manner. The Government could also strengthen the public-private partnership in this sub-sector by, for example, creating facilities for private economic operators through tax or customs exemption measures.
Analysis of the Determinants of Rice and Maize Productivity in the Southern Zone of Senegal
Authors: Gueye Fama
Published: March 2021

Cereals occupy an important place in the consumption patterns of Senegalese populations. Among these cereals, rice and maize are expected to play a dominant role in the country's food security due to their importance in terms of the area sown. This study examines the determinants of rice and maize productivity in southern Senegal using a Cobb-Douglas production function with cross-sectional survey of 913 family farms. The results show that technical support, the number of plows, and the semi-manual mode have a significant impact on the productivity of both speculations. The technical support and the number of plows lead to an increase in rice and maize production while the manual sowing mode is negatively correlated with this production. Producers should be better equipped and technically supported in order to boost cereal production in Senegal.
Rare Cause of Neonatal Hypovolemic Shock: A Case Report
Authors: Hammoumi M. El. , Aguenaou H. , Barkat A.
Published: March 2021

The intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) of the term new-born is a rare pathology; the prevalence is estimated at 2% of live births. The clinical manifestations are variable and not specific. The causes of ICH are multiple and often intricate, the main pathophysiological mechanisms are deregulations of cerebral flow, obstruction of the vessels or intravascular coagulation or a direct injury from trauma. We report the case of a new-born at 30 hours of life admitted to our service (Neonatal resuscitation service and intensive care at Children's Hospital Rabat) for the management of respiratory distress on hypovolemic shock following which the clinical and biological examination was in favor of severe hemophilia A with factor VIII at 0.80%.
A Social Background of Kaibarta Community in Assam
Authors: Konwar Poli
Published: March 2021

Assam is well-known as the land of heterogeneous population with ethnic diversity. The society in the ancient days was predominantly a non-Aryan society in Assam.  The people of Assam can be divided broadly into tribal and non-tribal categories from another angle. It is to be noted that the non-tribal category are included into three major groups such as the General Caste (GC), the Scheduled Castes (SC) and the Other Backward Classes(OBC). There are sixteen SC, twenty seven Scheduled Tribes (ST) and twenty nine communities are listed as OBC in Assam. The people of all communities are basically honest, truthful, straightforward and trustworthy in Assam. They are more interested to maintain social peace and harmony in Assam. They have moved away more or less from their traditional social life style after independence in Assam. The members of the Kaibarta community are playing a very important role in social development of Assam. The culture of the Kaibarta community is very rich in Assam. In this context, the present study is an attempt to discuss about the social background of Kaibarta community in Assam.
A Hybrid Cryptographic Scheme for Improving Cloud Security Using ECC and TDES Algorithms
Authors: Kaur Simranjit , Jain Lokesh
Published: March 2021

The evolving cloud technology is capable of accommodating volumes of business processes. This feature attracts many individuals and organizations to store their data over cloud. But there are many security issues that require a deep insight. In this research, articles and surveys on cloud security have been reviewed to identify the issues. Efforts have been made to increase cloud data security by devising a hybrid cryptographic algorithm namely Hybrid Elliptic Curve Cryptography -Triple Data Encryption Standard (ECC-TDES). The hybridized algorithms make data more secure and immune to malicious attacks. The proposed algorithm was applied to database of a cloud-based web application and tested with audio, video, image and text files ranging between 10-100 kb file sizes to record performance metrics such as: encryption time, decryption time and accuracy. The recorded parameter values were compared with individual ECC and TDES algorithms. The findings indicated that ECC-TDES takes more time to encrypt/decrypt files but gives highest accuracy with 0.01% error rate.
Study on Vegetative Propagation of Elionurus latiflorus (Nees Ex Steud.) Hack
Authors: Buglia Ana Gabriela
Published: March 2021

Aims: Elionurus latiflorus (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. commonly known as Brazilian lemongrass is a medicinal plant native to Brazil. Present experiment was conducted to study the effect of number of tillers/vegetative unit of transplants on biomass production in a period of 480 days.

Study design: The experiment was conducted by using completely randomized design with three treatments i.e. plants transplanted with one tiller (T1), plants transplanted with 2 tillers (T2) and plants transplanted with 3 tillers (T3). These treatments were replicated eight times where transplantations were done in polybags which containing mixture of soil, dung and carbonized rice in 3:1:1 ratio. These polybags were kept for 160 days in greenhouse and pruning was done in every plant by maintaining 5 cm of the plant biomass for its regrowth.

Duration of Study: This experiment was carried out over 16 months.

Methodology: Every plant seedling was submitted to a cut maintaining approximately 5 cm of the plant biomass for its regrowth. After each pruning, survival percentage, increment in the number of tillers propagated, rise of plants height, fresh as well as dry mass weight were evaluated.

Results: Lower initial number of main stems influenced survival only in the early growth phase after transplantation with a loose of 73% of the population transplanted with an unique main stem. Survival kept a constant value without plant mortalities in the successive 320 days evaluated after the first pruning. The number of tillers propagated weren’t affected significantly by the number of initial main stems in a single period. In the other hand, in the comprehensive period of the experiment there was a change with mean variation from 9.68 to 36.75. Height decreased the mean from 102.82 cm to 26.66 cm. Fresh and Dry Plant Mass increased from 5.19 g/plant to 11.47 g/plant and from 2.17 g/plant to 4.93 g/plant respectively, P˂0.05.

Conclusion: This study even if elementary represents a required approach for the domestication of the species avoiding the waste of time and plant material for successive propagation works. It represents a suggestion for further research work in greenhouses with this specie for a validation of these results.
Nutritional Quality of Formulated Complementary Foods and their Biological Effects for Tackling Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) Countries
Authors: Ngaha Wilfred Damndja , Ejoh Richard Aba , Fombang Edith Nig , Tedom William Dzusuo
Published: March 2021

Toddlers malnutrition is a health problem in developing countries like those found in Sub-Saharan Africa. Owing to prevalence of poverty, families are generally not able to afford the commercial complementary foods available in the market stalls, since such complementary foods are imported and made from non-local foodstuffs. In order to overcome these issues, FAO/WHO recommends the use of local foodstuffs in formulation of complementary foods and defines the virtues that the complementary foods should possess. In this light, researchers in Sub-Saharan Africa have proposed several formulations of complementary foods. The present work reviews these research findings on complementary foods available in the Sub-Saharan Africa utilizing the local food materials, the treatment that is required to be meted to such food ingredients, nutritional quality of formulated complementary foods and ultimately their biological effects. The limitations of the research work, if any, has been highlighted and the means to take such research forward that would be helpful in the production and commercialization of cost-effective complementary foods possessing requisite nutritional quality and biological effects as per dietary norms laid down by competent authorities.
Prevalence of Severe Acute Malnutrition and Associated Mortality Rate in Infants in Tertiary Care Hospital of Hyderabad
Authors: Jamali Asif Nadeem , Siyal Habibullah , Qambrani Zamir Ahmed , Memon Naseer Ahmed , Baig Salman , Bilal Shahid
Published: March 2021

Aims: In developing countries malnutrition is characterized as one of the major risk factors for death in children, due to improper management of cases, lack of resources and escaping the guidelines provided by WHO. However, it is also highlighted that prompt treatment and proper management can reduce the mortality rate and improve the quality of life in children. Current study is designed to investigate the frequency of SAM and its outcomes at time of discharge in tertiary care hospital of Hyderabad.

Study Design: A cross sectional study was performed.

Place and Duration of Study: Study was performed at nutritional stabilization center of pediatric department of tertiary care hospital Hyderabad from July 2019 to Jan 2020.

Methodology: Preformed proforma was designed to record the data of participants that included demographic and primary outcome variable. Hospital protocols using WHO guidelines i.e. 10 steps for in-patient care of severe malnutrition were started & followed with feeding F-75 & F-100. Data was analyzed on SPSS-19, p-value <0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: Mean age of the study participant was 13 ± 6.3 months while majority of them were male (72%). About 70% participants were below normal as per weight to height ratio. Out of recruited participants (N=273) admitted in nutritional center prevalence of severe acute malnutrition was found to be 32.6%. After admission and management protocols 91.6% recovered however, mortality was observed in 8.9% participants.

Conclusion: We conclude that effective and prompt treatment measures and appropriate management of affected patients according provided guidelines shown decrease in mortality and increased the survival rate in admitted children.
Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Features of the Persian Version of the Copenhagen Multi-Centre Psychological Infertility-Fertility Problem Stress Scales (COMPI-FPSS)
Authors: Ahmad-Amraji Ladan , Jafarzadeh-Kenarsari Fatemeh , Abouzari-Gazafroodi Kobra , Leyli Ehsan Kazemnezhad , Soleimani Robabeh
Published: March 2021

Aims: This study was conducted for translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Persian version of the Copenhagen multi-centre psychological infertility-fertility problem stress scales (COMPI-FPSS).

Study Design: This study was a methodological study.

Place and Duration of Study: This research was done in an infertility clinic of an educational hospital in Rasht (north of Iran), from November 2019 to January 2020.

Methodology: This study was performed in two phases including tool translation and psychometric testing. Totally, 200 infertile people selected through convenience sampling among subjects met inclusion criteria were included in the study. After obtaining permission from the original tool designer, the COMPI-FPSS (14 items) was translated into Persian using the forward-backward method. Face, content, and construct validity, as well as internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's coefficient omega) were evaluated, and test-retest was conducted. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by SPSS software Ver. 16.

Results: EFA led to retaining of 11 items with 3 factors of “personal domain”, “marital domain”, and “social domain”, which explained 54.42% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was calculated as 0.89; also the overall McDonald's coefficient omega of the questionnaire was equal to 0.82. The correlation between the two test administrations with a 14-day interval was estimated as 0.93.

Conclusion: The Persian version of the COMPI-FPSS with 11 items and 3 factors had the desired cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability and it is recommended to use it in the future studies and infertility treatment centers.
Effectiveness of Mobilizations along With Hot Therapy versus Mobilizations for Management of Chronic Neck Pain Due to Over Usage of Smart Phones among Young at LUMHS Jamshoro
Authors: Valecha Jeetendar , Ahmed Syed Mukhtar , Nabi Tasghir , Mugria Mahesh Kumar , Sangrasi Siknader Ali , Shaikh Kumail
Published: March 2021

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of mobilizations along with hot therapy versus mobilizations for the management of chronic neck pain due to over usage of smart phones among young.

Materials and Methods: This interventional clinical trial was conducted at OPD, Institute of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation Sciences (IPRS) in Liaquat University Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro (LUMHS). All the individuals from LUMHS Jamshoro including students, age 18-35 years and either of gender were included. All the individuals were divided in two groups (group A and group B). Cases of group A were underwent management of mobilization with hot therapy and cases of group B underwent only mobilization management. Outcome was observed in the terms of decrease the pain during work, reading and sleeping. All the data was recorded via study proforma.

Results: Total 64 individuals were studied. Mean age was 26.2+4.2 years in group A and 28.6+5.3years. Males were in majority in both groups. According to the pain assessment on movement, mild pain was in 18.8%, moderate pain was 50.0%, severe pain was in 12.5% and very severe pain was in 18.85 of the patients of group A. However in group B most of the patients 93.8% had mild pain and 6.2% patients had severe pain, while no any patients with moderate pain and very severe pain was found in group B. After treatment pain was more decreased in patients of group A as pain during work, reading and sleeping was significantly higher in only mobilizations treatment group as compared to those underwent mobilizations with hot therapy treatment, p-values were quite significant.

Conclusion: It was concluded that the treatment of mobilization with Hot pack was more effective than treatment only mobilization.
“Caffeine and Its Impact with Physical and Status of Mental Health among University Students in the United Kingdom”
Authors: Aboelnaga Shimaa Mohammed Hasnin
Published: March 2021

This research study aims to analyze the impact of caffeine on the physical and mental health of university students within the United Kingdom. The research has made use of a mixed-methods methodology, involving both the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, to collect and analyze secondary data to meet the objectives. The data for this study has been collected from case studies enunciated and highlighted in the previous research studies in this subject area and using that data, the analysis was conducted to analyze the impact of caffeine in the context of the target population. The results of the study suggest that impact is a function of the quantity of caffeine consumed by university students. This is to say that if the quantity suggested by the health experts has been consumed by students, then there is no potential negative health outcome. But if an increased quantity has been consumed, then, as per the findings of this study, several negative mental health statuses of students in the UK may be observed.
Frequency of Incidental Ageing-Related Lung Findings in an Elderly Population: A Saudi Teleradiology CT Study
Authors: Ajlan Amr M. , Eskander Ayman A.
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To assess the frequency of ageing-related lung changes seen on computed tomography (CT) chest examinations performed on teleradiology cohort of elderly patients.

Materials and Methods: An experienced radiologist retrospectively assessed at a 3-month worth of teleradiology data of CT chest, abdomen and pelvis performed for detection or staging of malignancy is in asymptomatic patients 60 years old and older, residing in Saudi Arabia. Patients with known smoking history or obscuring abnormalities were excluded. Lung windows were analyzed to detect bronchial wall thickening, mosaic attenuation, linear scars, reticulations and pneumatocoeles. Bronchial thickening and mosaic attenuation were stratified by severity, while the scars and pneumatocoeles were stratified by number.

Results: A total of 26 cases were collected out of 137 patients, with a mean age of 67 years old (61% males). Bronchial wall thickening was detected and 56%, with 35% being of moderate degree. Mosaic attenuation was detected in 26%, with 70% being of mild degree. Linear scarring was seen and 61%, in the absence of reticulations. Pneumatocoeles were detected in 26%, with 22% being more than 2 in numbers.

Conclusion: In a select teleradiology cohort of asymptomatic CT chest imaging in elderly patients, bronchial wall thickening, mosaic attenuation, linear scarring pneumatocoeles are frequently encountered. Such findings should not lead to clinical or imaging misinterpretations.
Barriers Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake among the Public in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Alkhawaja Faisal Z. , Alrawili Abdulrahman S.
Published: March 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore barriers that influence COVID-19 vaccination uptake among the public in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This study included an online questionnaire that was prepared using questionnaire of previous study. After that, it was converted using Google® forms to an online form and was disseminated by social media platforms to be completed by the public.

Results: Only 13.37% of the respondents believe that COVID-19 is not serious enough to warrant vaccination, about 14.71% agreed that the vaccine does not provide benefit, about 17.64% agreed that the chance of getting COVID-19 disease is low. About 31.37% of them said that they don’t have the time to get vaccinated. About 60.78% of the respondents said that they concerned about the vaccine side effects.

Conclusion: The main barrier of COVID-19 vaccination uptake was the vaccine side effects concerns. Health care provider should provide open and transparent information about vaccine safety and the potential vaccine side effects. Health education programs could change people’s thoughts and feelings towards vaccination.
Re-Isolation Methodologies for Recovering Sporulation of Eucalyptus Pestalotiopsis grandis-urophylla Isolates after 14 Months Storage
Authors: Silva Lincon Rafael da , Marques Marina Gabriela , Muniz Paulo Henrique Pereira Costa , Oliveira Thiago Alves Santos de , Duarte Elizabeth Amélia Alves , Rodrigues Fabricio , Santos Solange Xavier dos , Carvalho Daniel Diego Costa
Published: March 2021

After long periods of storage, plant pathogen isolates lose their sporulation capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate re-isolation methodologies for recovering sporulation of Pestalotiopsis grandis-urophylla isolates after subjection to a long period of storage. Isolates of P. grandis-urophylla were kept for 14 months on Petri dishes with PDA medium at 10°C. After this period, the isolate colonies showed reduced mycelial growth and no sporulation. The isolates were inoculated on healthy Eucalyptus grandis-urophylla leaves, and after ten days they were subjected to three re‑isolation methods: scraping of the lesions (S) removing of injured plant tissue fragments, followed by disinfestation (D) and without disinfestation (WD). Then, the purified isolates were evaluated for the recovery of its sporulation ability. The different methods for re-isolation resulted in the occurrence of differences among the isolates, showing that sporulation is an isolate-dependent feature. The three methods (S, WD and D) allowed the sporulation recovery of P. grandis-urophylla, even after these isolates have been subjected to 14 months.
Information-Based Mobile Application to Tackle COVID-19 Circumstances
Authors: Hossain Sakhawat , Hasan Md. Nahid , Islam Md. Nazibul , Mukto Mamunur Rashid , Abid Md. Shahnewaz , Khanam Fahima
Published: March 2021

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) ensures the ability of healthcare professionals by allowing them to remotely access each patient’s personalized and accurate data. The accuracy, as well as the speed of treatments and diagnosis, is greatly improved as well. IoMT also enables healthcare professionals to monitor the status of their patients’ health in real-time. The behavior of people can be recorded with the intent of getting an online diagnosis, thus managing their one’s health is more effective. Tools like sensors and tracking devices, telemedicine, remote patient monitoring (RPM) and also virtual assistance makes these things happen. Perhaps healthcare professionals are mostly benefited by IoMT in their professions. So, in the case of a pandemic (COVID-19), our proposed application can spread the facilities of IoMT among the general people. The main purpose of this application is to make a system that compresses the number of coronavirus affected people by the extent of awareness. People can track data of confirmed, recovered, and fatal cases globally and locally through this app. People can also get information about the nearest COVID-19 hospitals with google map and get their helpline numbers. All these can be very important for Bangladesh, being a developing country. They can easily make doctor appointments through the system. People can get information about plasma & blood donation and they also can donate their blood and plasma by a requesting process. Users' information about their health can be saved in the cloud system from time to time so that a doctor can easily get all the information. So, our proposed app can help to control the COVID-19 pandemic situation and people will be benefited.
Re-interpretation of the Two-World Background of Special Relativity as Four-World Background
Authors: Joseph O. Akindele Adekugbe
Published: March 2021

The appropriate placements of the four-dimensional spacetimes of different universes make their coexistence possible, such that corresponding points in spacetimes within the universes are not separated in space or time. The corresponding points do not touch, because they are points in separate spacetimes. The different universes are described heuristically as existing in separate spacetime ‘compartments’. This new conception of many worlds (or universes) is therefore entitled compartment worlds (or universes) in this article. Compartment universes is a potential platform for many-world interpretations and uniform formulation of the natural laws. The two-world background of the special theory of relativity (SR) (involving two compartment universes), demonstrated elsewhere, is re-interpreted as four-world background (involving four compartment universes) in this article.
The Theory and Practice of Evaluating Green Factories in China
Authors: Yang Meng , Li Husheng , Li Jinhui
Published: March 2021

It is well acknowledged that, China is a country with copious manufacturing industries, and Chinese industrial products spread all over the world. Research into the theory and practice of evaluating manufacturing factories in China is of highly significant. However, the traditional method of evaluating factories tends to focus on individual aspects such as efficiency, energy conservation, and environmental protections. There have been relatively few reports covering comprehensive evaluation methods for a systematic green factory. Based on an analysis of the current situation in various countries and regions, the concept and scope of the China Green Factory (CGF) have been defined. The characteristics of a CGF include the intensification of land, the decontamination of raw materials, clean production, waste administration, and the reduction of carbon and energy. The objectives of this paper are to highlight the current policy and research on the CGFs, quantify the positive effects of CGFs, and make some suggestions for future development.
Fast and Reversible Na Intercalation in Nsutite‐Type VO2 Hierarchitectures
Authors: Chen Dong , Yang Wenjin , Jiang Yu , Ang Edison Huixiang , Feng Yuezhan , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan
Published: March 2021

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), owing to the natural abundance and low cost of sodium resources, are the promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in the field of large‐scale energy storage. Nevertheless, the development of appropriate anodes for SIBs is still a challenge. Vanadium oxides with diverse crystallographic structures and high theoretical capacities hold large opportunities to construct high‐performance SIBs. Among them, new‐state nsutite‐type VO2 (VO2(N)) produced by the random intergrowth of rutile VO2(R) (superior structural stability but sluggish kinetics) and paramontroseite VO2(P) (high electronic/ionic conductivity but weak structural stability) have ample opportunity to obtain desirable sodium storage performance with high capacity, long lifespan, and rapid reaction dynamics. Herein, the spindle‐like VO2(N) is developed through a simple hydrothermal approach. It demonstrates a Na+ (de)intercalation mechanism and exhibits a high capacity of 411 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 as well as outstanding high‐rate cyclic stability (103 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 over 6000 cycles). Furthermore, a high‐performance VO2(N)||Na3V2(PO4)2O2F full cell is developed, which shows that the VO2(N) anode has the potential for practical use.
A Metal‐Free Direct Arene C−H Amination
Authors: Wang Tao , Hoffmann Marvin , Dreuw Andreas , Hasagić Edina , Hu Chao , Stein Philipp M. , Witzel Sina , Shi Hongwei , Yang Yangyang , Rudolph Matthias , Stuck Fabian , Rominger Frank , Kerscher Marion , Comba Peter , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: March 2021

The synthesis of aryl amines via the formation of a C−N bond is an essential tool for the preparation of functional materials, active pharmaceutical ingredients and bioactive products. Usually, this chemical connection is only possible by transition metal‐catalyzed reactions, photochemistry or electrochemistry. Here, we report a metal‐free arene C−H amination using hydroxylamine derivatives under benign conditions. A charge transfer interaction between the aminating reagents TsONHR and the arene substrates enables the chemoselective amination of the arene, even in the presence of various functional groups. Oxygen was crucial for an effective conversion and its accelerating role for the electron transfer step was proven experimentally. In addition, this was rationalized by a theoretical study which indicated the involvement of a dioxygen‐bridged complex with a “Sandwich‐like” arrangement of the aromatic starting materials and the aminating agents at the dioxygen molecule.

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How does summer environmental degradation influence native mussels in Corbicula invaded rivers?
Authors: Oosterhuis Dian , Pardo Isabel , Ferreira‐Rodríguez Noé
Published: March 2021

Droughts and heat waves are becoming more frequent, persistent, and intense in a global warming context. Although previous studies reported Corbicula mass mortality events associated with the occurrence of extreme summer conditions, knowledge of their effects lags behind ecosystem functioning.

The goal of this study was to determine whether summer environmental degradation (droughts, extreme temperatures, and spikes in ammonium concentration) influences the survival and behaviour of native mussels in rivers invaded by Corbicula and, in consequence, their functioning in ecosystems.

Unio delphinus mussels were exposed to increasing summer environmental degradation. Water column and pore water samples were collected at six sampling time‐points for nutrient analysis. Environmental conditions, survival and behaviour were monitored at 12‐hour intervals.

Mortality risk was greatest under no‐flow conditions, reaching 100% of mortality after 84 ± 22 hours of exposure to anoxic (<2 mg O2 L−1) conditions. At the sub‐lethal level, quiescent conditions impaired filtration activity. In addition, when facing rising temperatures, native mussels buried deeply and vertical movements were depleted.

There were significant differences between the water column and the pore water in physicochemical characteristics. Oxygen and nitrate concentration were generally higher in the water column. In contrast, ammonium and phosphate maximum concentrations were measured in the pore water.

The results suggest that environmental degradation affects the role of mussels in ecosystem functioning. For instance, prolonged valve closure under poor water quality conditions may have impacts on particle removal from the water column. Furthermore, impairment of vertical movements may reduce nutrient release from sediments.

The present study has key implications for water management and for the conservation of mussel populations. For instance, a responsible approach for maintaining ecosystem integrity should include the water needs of freshwater mussels in environmental flow recommendations and the conservation of riparian vegetation corridors to mitigate the effects of increased water temperature in rivers.
Determinants of environmental innovations supporting small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises sustainable development
Authors: Carfora Alfonso , Scandurra Giuseppe , Thomas Antonio
Published: March 2021

Enterprises are increasingly required to improve their environmental performances. The adoption of environmental innovations (EIs) is believed a way to achieve this goal. So a flourishing debate about the determinants supporting investment in EIs arose. Researchers have thus far paid attention mainly to established manufacturing firms operating in traditional sectors. Hence, scientific literature recommends deepening the behavior of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) because of the role they play in the productive systems in many Western countries. With this in mind, this study investigates a probabilistic sample of 222 innovative SMEs using the partial least squares and importance–performance map analysis in order to identify the factors affecting their propensity to invest in EIs. Findings show that the propensity results are affected by the firms' environmental awareness, company staff, and capabilities, among the internal factors, whereas among the external ones, the propensity is affected by norms and regulations. An important role is also played by the hope to improve their economic and environmental performances. Monetary and fiscal incentives reveal not to be significant. Consequently, policies should firstly propose an appropriate mix of regulations and stimuli following two directions: a compliance direction to more stringent regulations and rules to be followed through the imposition of penalties and a cultural direction aiming at improving environmental awareness of SMEs about the desirability of pursuing EIs for both ethical and economic reasons, given the potential benefits associated with such innovations.
MiRNA‐1271‐5p regulates osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells by targeting forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)
Authors: Yang Qining , Zhou Yongwei , Wang Tianbao , Cai Pengfei , Fu Weicong , Wang Jinhua , Li Xiaofei
Published: March 2021

Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) is a key regulator of osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting FOXO1 in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Three miRNA target prediction programs were used to search for potential miRNAs that target FOXO1. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to detect the expression of miR‐1271‐5p and FOXO1 during osteogenic differentiation. Target gene prediction and screening, luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the downstream target gene of miR‐1271‐5p. The expression levels of FOXO1 and Runx2 were detected by RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization were detected by biochemical methods. The expression levels of Runx2, ALP, and osteocalcin were detected by RT‐qPCR. Our results showed that miR‐1271‐5p was downregulated during osteogenic induction. And the expression levels of miR‐1271‐5p were higher in osteoporotic tissues than that in adjacent nonosteoporotic tissues. The expression levels of FOXO1 were lower in osteoporotic tissues than that in adjacent nonosteoporotic tissues. And a negative correlation was found between miR‐1271‐5p and FOXO1 in osteoporotic tissues. Overexpression of miR‐1271‐5p downregulated FOXO1 and inhibited osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs. Overexpression of miR‐1271‐5p downregulated the expression of osteogenic markers and reduced ALP activity. In addition, ectopic expression of FOXO1 reversed the effect of miR‐1271‐5p on osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, miR‐1271‐5p functioned as a therapeutic target of osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs by inhibiting FOXO1, which provides valuable insights into the use of miR‐1271‐5p as a target in the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone metabolic diseases.
Linking key topics to environmental indicators in corporate social responsibility reports of construction companies
Authors: Chang Andrew S. , Paramosa Larissa S. , Tsai Calista Y.
Published: March 2021

Consulting firms and contractors can mitigate the environmental effects of construction; however, they may disagree in their interpretations of how to address various environmental topics and the linkage between key topics and related indicators disclosed in corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. This study investigated the linkage between key topics and performance indicators disclosed by the two types of companies in eight CSR reports. The present study identified and analyzed environmental material topics, indicator disclosures, and their relationships. The key topics (such as those concerning materials and energy) identified by consulting firms were not necessarily those regarded as important by the contractors. A strong correlation existed between the indicator disclosures of the companies. Emissions indicators were most frequently disclosed. The contribution of this study is proposing the importance of aligning topics and indicators. Companies that review this study can align their practices with its findings to improve CSR reporting quality.
Coulometric Anodic Stripping Voltammetry of Lead at Copper Column Electrode
Authors: Kasuno Megumi , Osuga Hitomi , Shina Katsuya , Yamazaki Takuya
Published: March 2021

A flow coulometric electroanalytical system using a copper column electrode with a copper wire inserted into a Nafion tube was developed to determine Pb(II) content based on anodic stripping voltammetry. The electrolysis efficiency of 5 μM Pb(II) was evaluated to be 100.4±4.5 % (n=5) when the length of the copper wire and flow rate of the Pb(II) solution were 50 cm and 0.1 mL min−1, respectively. The amount of electricity due to the re‐oxidation of Pb electrodeposited at the copper column electrode was proportional to the concentration of Pb(II) in the range between 0.1 to 100 μM, and the limit of detection for Pb(II) was 0.8 μM for a deposition time of 15 min. Interference from the presence of Cd(II) could be avoided and the selective determination of Pb(II) was successfully achieved by adjustment of the electrodeposition potential.