bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic treatment induces microbiome dysbiosis and reduction of neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: Flinn Hannah , Marshall Austin , Holcomb Morgan , Cruz Leonardo , Soriano Sirena , Treangen Todd J. , Villapol Sonia
Published: June 2024

Background
The gut microbiome is linked to brain pathology in cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet the specific bacteria that are implicated are not well characterized. To address this gap, in this study, we induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) in male C57BL/6J mice using the controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury model. After 35 days, we administered a broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABX) cocktail (ampicillin, gentamicin, metronidazole, vancomycin) through oral gavage for 2 days to diminish existing microbiota. Subsequently, we inflicted a second TBI on the mice and analyzed the neuropathological outcomes five days later.
Results
Longitudinal analysis of the microbiome showed significant shifts in the diversity and abundance of bacterial genera during both acute and chronic inflammation. These changes were particularly dramatic following treatment with ABX and after the second TBI. ABX treatment did not affect the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) but did alter intestinal morphology, characterized by reduced villus width and a lower count of goblet cells, suggesting potential negative impacts on intestinal integrity. Nevertheless, diminishing the intestinal microbiome reduced cortical damage, apoptotic cell density, and microglial/macrophage activation in the cortical and thalamic regions of the brain.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that eliminating colonized gut bacteria via broad-spectrum ABX reduces neuroinflammation and enhances neurological outcomes in TBI despite implications to gut health.
Enhancing Patient Engagement with Machine Learning at a Novel Care Transition Clinic
Authors: Lee Seung-Yup , Eagleson Reid , Hearld Larry , Gibson Madeline , Hearld Kristine , Hall Allyson , Burkholder Greer , McMahon Jacob , Mahmood Shoaib , Spraberry Corey , Baker Thalia , Garretson Alison , Bradley Heather , Mugavero Michael
Published: June 2024

Objective
This study applies predictive analytics to identify patients at risk of missing appointments at a novel post-discharge clinic (PDC) in a large academic health system. Recognizing the critical role of appointment adherence in the success of new clinical ventures, this research aims to inform future targeted interventions to increase appointment adherence.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed electronic health records (EHR) capturing a wide array of demographic, socio-economic, and clinical variables from 2,168 patients with scheduled appointments at the PDC from September 2022 to August 2023. Logistic regression, decision trees, and XGBoost algorithms were employed to construct predictive models for appointment adherence.
Results
The XGBoost machine learning model outperformed logistic regression and decision trees with an area under the curve of 72% vs. 65% and 67%, respectively, in predicting missed appointments, despite limited availability of historical data. Key predictors included patient age, number of days between appointment scheduling and occurrence, insurance status, marital status, and mental health and cardiac disease conditions.
Discussion
Findings underscore the potential of machine learning predictive analytics to significantly enhance patient engagement and operational efficiency in emerging healthcare settings. Optimizing predictive models can help balance the early identification of patients at risk of non-adherence with the efficient allocation of resources.
Conclusion
The study highlights the potential value of employing machine learning techniques to inform interventions aimed at improving appointment adherence in a post-discharge transition clinic environment.
Assessment of Lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity in patients with breast carcinoma
Authors: Babakr Abdullatif Taha , Eldein Mohamed Mahmoud Nour
Published: June 2024

Background: Breast cancer is a prevalent life-threatening disease worldwide. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development and progression of various cancers, including BC. Assessing lipid peroxidation and overall antioxidant status in breast cancer offers valuable information regarding the advancement, prognosis, and effectiveness of treatment options.
Methods: A total of one hundred and fifty women, categorized into three groups Normal, Benign BC, and Malignant BC cases. Patients were selected and examined in the oncology clinic, fasting blood samples were collected and measurements of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Ox-LDL, CA 15.3, and CEA were performed. Then statistical analysis was done to compare the levels of these parameters in different groups and measure the analytical performance of TAC and Ox-LDL in BC.
Results:
The serum level of TAC in malignant cases was significantly decreased compared to benign group, 8.3 U/ml and 16.04 U/ml (P<0.001) respectively. Healthy controls show higher levels of TAC (43.4 U/ml). The levels of Ox-LDL in BC was significantly increased in malignant cases and benign group, 3831, and 1234 pg/ml, respectively compared to normal controls (682 pg/ml) (P<0.001). CEA and CA15-3 sharply increased in BC groups compared to control group. A significant area under the curve (AUC) for TAC (0.975, P<0.001), and Ox-LDL (0.986, P<0.001) was observed in ROC curve analysis.
Conclusion:
The present study revealed that breast cancer patients had lower TAC and higher Ox-LDL serum levels, indicating elevated oxidative stress. Additionally, TAC and Ox-LDL levels may serve as promising monitoring parameters in BC.
GaitHF: Height Fused Gait Recognition
Authors: Zhu Jinchang , Sun Dayang , Cheng Yu , Wang Hailong , Chen Yujing , Chen Yaowei
Published: June 2024

Gait recognition, an emerging field at the intersection of computer vision and biometrics, has garnered significant attention for its potential applications in surveillance, security, and healthcare. In this paper, we present a novel method that combines appearance-based gait recognition with human height data. The proposed approach aims to enhance the accuracy and robustness of gait recognition systems by incorporating complementary features derived from both gait patterns and human height. We believe that incorporating height information can offer additional discriminative power to gait recognition models, enabling them to better distinguish individuals in various scenarios. Many gait recognition convolutional neural networks using deep learning methods have made good data progress in recent years, so we also adopt this approach, e.g., deep learning methods such as (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), which can automatically learn hierarchical representations of gait and height features to capture intricate patterns and relationships. Our experiments involve a comprehensive analysis using benchmark gait datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison to traditional gait recognition methods. The results highlight the potential of leveraging human height information to enhance the overall performance of gait recognition systems. Our experimental data show that the results achieved by many appearance-based gait recognition models on the CASIA-B and OU-MVLP datasets progress in most conditions after using our proposed new approach, which are eye-catching in that the average accuracy improves by 1.875% and 6% on BG and CL of CASIA-B, respectively, and the average accuracy improves on the large dataset OU-MVLP is also improved by 1.35%.
Design of Flexible and Green Chemistry Synthesis Method for Highly Crystalline COFs for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Xiong Shanxin , Fang Ke , Zhang Kerui , Guo Jingru , Chen Min , Wu Juan , Zhang Yukun , Wang Xiaoqin , Hua Chunxia , Chu Jia , Zhang Runlan , Wang Chenxu , Gong Ming , Wu Bohua , Zhang Juan
Published: June 2024

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted much attention in energy storage due to their porous network structure, large specific surface area, high crystallinity, and pseudocapacitive ability brought by redox reactions. However, the traditional synthesis method of COFs involves toxic solvents and requires high temperatures and pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop simple synthesis methods for large-scale practical application of COFs. This study investigated the synthesis and electrochemical properties of two kinds of COFs, which were synthesized through the reflux heating method and solvothermal method using Tri(4-aminophenyl)amine (TAPA) and tris(benzaldehyde) (TFB) as monomers. The results show that COFs synthesized by reflux heating (Re-COF-TAFB) outperforms COFs Synthesized by solvothermal method (So-COF-TAFB) in specific surface area, thermal stability, and electrochemical properties. Re-COF-TAFB has a specific capacitance of 248 F·g− 1 at 0.1 A·g− 1 and a capacitance retention rate of 104.13% after 10,000 charge and discharge cycles. This paper contributes to understanding COFs' synthesis methods and their impact on material properties. Reflux heating is highlighted as an efficient technique for developing high-performance COF-based supercapacitors.
Bioactive compounds from Sargassum horneri attenuates inflammation and obesity regulating by Nrf2/HO-1 and AMPK signaling pathways
Authors: Chilakala Ramakrishna , Moon Hyeon Jeong , Kim Min Ju , Ko Kang Ho , Han Jong Won , Jung Min Seouk , Cheong Sun Hee
Published: June 2024

Sargassum horneri is rich in bioactive compounds, including phytosterols, exhibits antioxidant, anti-obesity and anti-inflammation properties; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of S. horneri ethanolic extract and its subfractions using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, we examined the in vivo anti-obesity efficacy of S. horneri using obese mice fed a high-fat diet. Results revealed that the in vitro treatment increases the inflammatory cytokines such as iNOS, NO, COX-2, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 including NF-κB subunit p65 protein expressions in LPS treated RAW264.7 cells. However, these pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced by inhibiting the NF-κB- p65 translocation pathway in S. horneri treatment. In addition, the S. horneri extracts increased the Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus as well as their heme oxygenase (HO-1) target gene expression. Whereas, in vivo treatment with S. horneri reduces body and organ weight, including pathological damage in liver and adipose tissue. Moreover, S. horneri decreases serum triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), arteriosclerosis index (AI), and cardiovascular risk index (CRF), but increases HDL-cholesterol concentration-dependently. The liver antioxidant enzyme activities and AMPK protein expressions were raised in S. horneri treated groups; while SREBP-1, FAS, and ACC expressions was reduced with dose-dependent manner. These findings provide an innovative pharmacological basis for the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effect of S. horneri. It specifies the potential of S. horneri as a candidate for preventing inflammation, obesity and other related disorders.
Research on multimodal link prediction method based on Vision Transformer and convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Yang , Ren Zehong , Liu Xuemei , Wang Xingzhi , Wang Yize , Wang HuiYu
Published: June 2024

To address the problems of inadequate feature representation and low generalisation ability of existing link prediction methods. A multimodal link prediction method based on Vision Transformer and convolutional neural network is proposed. Firstly, PHash is employed at the filter gate to filter out irrelevant images. Secondly, picture features are extracted using Vision Transformer model and computed using MRP through forgetting gate. Multi-layer Convolutional Neural Networks are used to fuse spatial location feature information during entity relationship embedding to effectively obtain richer semantic information. Meanwhile, a multi-scale null convolution kernel is used to capture rich explicit interaction features in different scale spaces. Finally, the picture features are fused with entity-relationship features in the fusion gate. The experimental results show that the MRR metrics are improved by 17.3% compared with the DistMult model on the public dataset and 4.1% compared with the TuckER model on the e-commerce dataset.
WITHDRAWN: Frequency Constrained Optimal Power Flow Incorporating UPFC Controller Using Driving Training-Based Optimization
Authors: Roy Adhit , Dutta Susanta , Bhattacharya Anagha , Biswas Soumen , chatterjee Rajesh kumar , Akhtar Md Amir Khusru , Kumar Mohit , Verma Sahil , Khurma Ruba Abu , Mallik Saurav , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: June 2024

Optimal power flow (OPF) solution is being attained for IEEE 30-bus system considering thermal power (TP) sources. This paper presents a methodology to incorporate UPFC with frequency-based security constraints in the OPF problem framework. Objectives include reducing generation costs, emissions, and frequency deviation. This paper has looked at three different scenarios: the best power flow when there is no frequency-based security limitation, the best power flow when there is a frequency-based security constraint, and the combination of UPFC and frequency-based security constraint. It is necessary to maintain the system frequency within a safe range in order to display the balance between generation and consumption. Therefore, the power flow optimization solution should provide frequency stability in addition to provide the lowest possible generation cost under operational conditions. To achieve this solution, a new constraint is implemented on the power dispatch problem to achieve frequency stability. The inclusion of this limitation is demonstrated to induce the OPF to choose greater inertia generators more favorably when it comes to meet the frequency based security criterion. Outcomes of the test reveal a better result in resolving the OPF problem, by incorporating a unified power flow controller (UPFC) with frequency-based security constraint OPF problem. A driving training-based optimization (DTBO) approach has been employed to obtain optimal solutions without violating any equality and inequality network constraints.
Samarium Cuprate with Micron-Size Pores for Drug Sensing
Authors: Korina Elena , Karaberova Arina , Bulatova Ekaterina , Golovin Mikhail , Stankovich Dalibor M. , Gusev Sergei , Fadeev Vladislav , Bol’shakov Oleg
Published: June 2024

Quick and robust analytical methods are of vital necessity in medicine and biology, making the synthesis of the electroactive substrates for the sensing of medically relevant chemicals a promising area of material science. Rare earth cuprates, mostly famous for high-temperature superconductivity, continue to exhibit encouraging electroactivity toward surface selective oxidation of biologically active compounds. Samarium cuprate reported in this paper showed developed surface with unique porous morphology and good conductivity – a set of prerequisites for sensing material. Further studies confirmed excellent samarium cuprate-based carbon paste electrode sensitivity of enalapril maleate and helped to develop an analytical method with selectivity and stability applicable for wider use.
Uav for Crop Monitoring System Using Computer Vision
Authors: M Ajay Pranesh , Varghese Geoffrey George , Reyaz Md Abu Talha
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on the vital task of detecting Banana Black Sigatoka in banana plants using a cutting-edge method that combines deep learning algorithms with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The research includes building a detailed dataset that features images of both healthy and infected banana plants. A variety of deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks and residual networks, are thoroughly tested to select the most effective model for analyzing this dataset. The selected algorithm is then integrated into a UAV-based system for the real-time detection of Black Sigatoka within banana plantations. This proactive strategy allows for the quick detection and localization of affected plants, making it possible to intervene promptly and improve overall crop management. The proposed method marks a significant step forward in using technology for precision agriculture, aiming to enhance the resilience and productivity of banana farming.
Klasse als performativer Prozess in Ethnografie und Forschungsalltag
Authors: Hamm Marion , Schemmer Janine
Published: June 2024

Ausgehend von einer gemeinsamen biografischen Rekonstruktion ihrer Wege an die und in der Universität plädieren die Autorinnen für einen prozessualen, dynamischen und relationalen Klassenbegriff, der offen ist für die Verquickung intersektionaler gesellschaftlicher Ein- und Ausschlussmechanismen. Die ethnografische Methodik verstehen sie als einen Prozess der kontinuierlichen Aushandlung, in dem die Positionierung der forschenden Person auf forschungsrelevante und wissensgenerierende Fragen und Thematiken verweist. Sie argumentieren, dass ethnografisches Forschen darüber hinaus zur Überlebensstrategie in Situationen einer auch klassenbezogenen Verunsicherung werden kann, etwa in prekären Lebens-und Arbeitssituationen oder beim Übergang in die professionelle Wissenschaft, womöglich mit mehrjährigem Vertrag. Diesen Vorschlag zum Verständnis von Klasse und Ethnografie setzen sie beispielhaft um anhand ihrer für ihre Dissertationen gewählten ethnografischen Felder im Hamburger Hafen und auf dem Terrain der Prekarisierungsbewegung der 2000er Jahre.
Left alone and behind: Experiences of living with incontinence in a Sudanese refugee camp and how WASH practitioners can support
Authors: González Hernández Libertad , Romano Antonietta , Hamid Dr Manal , Elsimat Elsir Abdulgadir Ahmed , Ongara Desmond , Yassin Yassir , Giles-Hansen Chelsea
Published: June 2024

Being able to manage incontinence with dignity is intrinsically linked to access to appropriate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services; yet it is overwhelmingly overlooked in humanitarian contexts and not consistently included in WASH interventions. A mixed-methods study (including market assessment) was conducted in two refugee camps in eastern Sudan in late 2022. Tigrayan refugees with incontinence faced extreme challenges to managing it, including no or limited access to necessary hygiene products (such as mattress protectors, toilet chairs, and soap), a lack of water for personal hygiene and washing, and long distances to communal sanitation facilities and distribution sites (or markets) where they often needed to queue or lacked privacy. Refugees with incontinence faced high levels of stigma, shame, and isolation. WASH practitioners need increased awareness of incontinence to carry out quality WASH assessments, to better understand and support people with incontinence. WASH interventions must include appropriate hygiene and non-food items (NFIs) to enable people to manage incontinence at home, and accessible toilets, water points and hygiene and washing facilities. A mixed modality of both in-kind and cash or voucher support can help to ensure hygiene and NFI items are accessible and meet the needs of people living with incontinence.
Mimari Temsil Sitemlerinde Mekânsal Deneyim Sorunlarının Aşılması İçin Disiplinler Arası Denemeler: Bêka ve Lemoine’nin Yaşanan Mimarisinde Mekânın Duyusal Gücü
Authors: Yıldız Ersan , Akbulut Muzaffer Tolga
Published: June 2024

Mimarlık karşılaştığı sorunları çözme ihtiyacı olarak disiplinlerarası bir yaklaşıma başvurur. Mimarlık diğer disiplinlerle kurduğu ilişkilerden doğan olasılıklar arasında seçimler yaparak alternatifler üretirken, etkileşimde olduğu diğer disiplinlere de benzer fırsatlar sunarak iki yönlü bir ilişkiyi mümkün kılar. Mimarlık, anlatım, temsil ve iletişim için görsel yöntemleri kullanma zorunluluğu ile görsel iletişim yöntemlerini kullanan diğer disiplinlerle ilişki kurabilmekte ve bu ilişkiyi sinema ile kurma olanağına da sahiptir. Sinema ve mimarlık, gerçek hayatta deneyimlediğimiz üç boyutlu mekânın iki boyutlu temsillerini üretir ve kullanır. Deneyimin temsili, zamana bağlı düşüncelerden arınmış, standart yöntemlerle estetik nesnelere dönüştürülen temsil sistemlerinde ciddi bir sorun yaratmaktadır. Zaman-mekânın zamana ve mekandaki deneyimlere bağlı olarak aktarılabileceği mimari temsil sistemlerinin uygulanması bu sorunun üstesinden gelebilir. Filmin sinemada yarattığı mekân imgesi, mimari temsillere hâkim olan durağanlıktan kurtulmuş, dinamik bir izlenim yaratarak izleyiciye geleneksel iki boyutlu mimari temsilden farklı bir deneyim yaşatabilmektedir. Çalışmada mimaride mekânsal deneyim temsil bünyesinde sınırlandırılmış, farklı mimari temsil kullanımının mekânsal deneyimde yarattığı değişim ve dönüşümler incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, sinema aracılığı ile izleyicinin dahil olduğu hareket kullanımı ile temsil sistemlerinin deneyim açısından zayıflığının aşılmasının mümkün olup olmadığı, yönetmenliğini Ila Bêka ve Louise Lemoine'in yaptığı iki film üzerinden sorgulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Bêka ve Lemoine'in 'Mekânın Duygusal Gücü' olarak tanımladıkları zaman-mekân boyutunu çalışmalarına dahil ederek mimarlık üzerine filmler ürettikleri ve temsil sistemlerinin deneyim açısından zayıflığının üstesinden gelinebildiği görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda temsil düzleminde deneyim ve ifadesine dair yeni bir tartışma zemini yaratarak mimarlık pratiğinin gelişmesine ve ilerlemesine önemli katkı sağlamaktadır.
Nationale variatie bij het gebruik van de rode en groene volgorde met het receptieve hulpwerkwoord krijgen
Authors: Delaby Gauthier , Colleman Timoty
Published: June 2024

In de taalkundige literatuur wordt er algemeen aangenomen dat het Belgisch-Nederlands een verlate standaardisering heeft doorgemaakt in vergelijking met het Nederlands-Nederlands. Grondelaers, Speelman & Geeraerts (2008) hebben de hypothese opgeworpen dat die verschillende standaardiseringsgeschiedenis invloed heeft op de manier waarop verschillende grammaticale alternanties functioneren in het hedendaagse Nederlands. Waar die alternanties in het Belgisch-Nederlands sterker zouden worden bepaald door cognitief-functionele processen, zouden in het Nederlands-Nederlands lexicale factoren een grotere rol spelen. In deze bijdrage gaan we na of er ook zulke nationale verschillen spelen in een nog niet eerder onderzochte casus van grammaticale variatie, nl. de volgordevariatie in tweeledige werkwoordsclusters met het receptieve hulpwerkwoord krijgen. We stellen vast dat de variatie tussen beide volgordes makkelijker te modelleren is in het Nederlands-Nederlands, maar dat beide variëteiten vrij vergelijkbare lexicale effecten vertonen.
Evenus van Paros: een omvangrijk portret van een fragmentair figuur
Authors: Demuynck Adriaan
Published: June 2024

This paper offers a study of the life and oeuvre of Evenus of Paros. The testimonies about his life are confusing, but this paper draws a comprehensive picture of Evenus. Evenus lived in Athens in the fifth century BC and worked as a poet and teacher. An analysis of his extant fragments sheds a new light on two problems: the genesis of the Theognidea and the relation between Socrates and Evenus. Evenus made an anthology of Greek elegiac poetry, that later became part of the Theognidea. Socrates and Evenus were rivals, regarding both poetry and philosophy. This paper also provides the first Dutch translation of Evenus’ verses.
Preliminary study on intraocular abnormalities found in senior dogs by ultrasonography in a veterinary hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Authors: López-Colom Paola , Maridueña-Zavala María Isabel
Published: June 2024

Research on ophthalmology in veterinary medicine in Ecuador is scarce, and ocular health in older dogs
should be studied. This study aimed to determine the incidence of ophthalmic abnormalities in senior dogs
attending a hospital at Guayaquil and relate them to the type of lesion, breed, sex, age, and type of dog head
shape. One hundred healthy senior dogs (> six years old) who underwent consultation during the study were
subjected to bilateral eye ultrasonography (USG 10-MHz transducer) and examined for ocular alterations.
Breed, sex, age, and head shape were also recorded. Thirty-eight animals presented with ocular abnormalities:
presumed cataracts (19%), crystalline luxation (6%), presumed senile retinal degeneration (6%), retinal detachment (4%), nuclear sclerosis (4%), masses and vitreous degeneration (3%), presumed glaucoma (2%), and
cysts in the anterior and posterior chambers (1%), mainly as bilateral lesions (24%). Cataracts were present in
a more significant proportion in dolichocephalic dogs (8/18) than in brachycephalic (3/22) and mesocephalic
dogs (8/60) (p =0.01). In addition, older animals were more affected, both unilaterally and bilaterally, and in
both locations (lens or retina)(p <0.05), whereas crystalline luxation and senile retinal degeneration were
significantly associated with age(p <0.05), whereas trends were observed for cataracts (p =0.065). Although
ultrasound alone does not allow a definitive diagnosis, these preliminary results provide insights into the
ocular abnormalities in apparently healthy senior dogs from Guayaquil (Ecuador). Unsuspected intraocular
lesions might be relatively high in these patients; however, more extensive studies with complete ocular
examination are recommended to confirm these results.
Keywords: Aging dog; Cataracts; Retinal lesion; Ultrasonography
Copper Nanoparticles Enhance Bactericidal Activity of 70% Ethanol Against Multidrug-Resistant Serratia marcescens.
Authors: Insuasti-Cruz Johan , Soto-Colina Juan , Sánchez-Moreno Hugo , Hugo Calderón Segundo , Rey-Moncayo Naomi
Published: June 2024

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized by an adaptation of the chemical reduction method, using
cupric sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent, to combat
bacterial resistance that leads to the proliferation of hospital infections caused by the bacterium Serratia marcescens through the potentiation of 70% ethyl alcohol (EA70) as a bactericidal agent through the addition of
CuNPs. Characterization was performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible
spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), such
that the CuNPs reached a diameter of 20-50 nm. The bactericidal activity was performed by inoculating the
bacterium in Petri dishes with TM MEDIA Mueller Hinton agar, and its effectiveness was verified with susceptibility testing discs. The analysis was conducted at concentrations of 100, 300 and 500 mg/L; the current
results have demonstrated that the lowest concentration shows a better inhibition halo, with a maximum of 13
mm, thus observing the synergism between both substances.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, antibiogram, inhibition, antimicrobial, nosocomial infection, synergism.
Exploring Nursing Students’ Experiences of Empathy and User Experiences in an Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation Game: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Koivisto Jaana-Maija , Kämäräinen Sanna , Mattsson Katri , Jumisko-Pyykkö Satu , Ikonen Riikka , Haavisto Elina
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Empathy is associated with better clinical outcomes and patient-care experiences, and it has been demonstrated that training can improve nursing students’ empathy. The use of virtual reality (VR) as an experiential learning strategy may increase the empathetic behavior of caregivers. Although much research exists on the use of VR in education, there is still little research on learning empathy in nursing education through immersive VR games that include a head-mounted display and hand controllers. In addition, it is important to study both learning and user experiences in nursing education that utilizes VR technology.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore nursing students’ experiences of empathy and user experiences in an immersive VR simulation game.

METHODS

A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 52 graduating nursing students from 3 universities of applied sciences in Finland participated in the study. The immersive VR simulation game employed in the study was played with a head-mounted display and hand controllers. The instruments used were the Basic Empathy Scale in Adults (BES-A) before the VR simulation gaming session and the Comprehensive State Empathy Scale (CSES) and AttrakDiff 2.0 Scale after the session.

RESULTS

The students’ overall level of empathy experienced in the immersive VR simulation game was favorable (CSES; mean 2.9, SD 0.57). Participants who had a higher level of empathy (BES-A) before playing the immersive VR simulation game also experienced slightly more feelings of empathy after playing (CSES). However, the association between the measures was not statistically significant (r=0.187, P=.18). The overall empathy (CSES) experienced in the immersive VR simulation game was positively correlated with its subscales. The use of the VR simulation provided a positive user experience in all 4 factors of the AttrakDiff 2.0 Scale. Overall User Experience and Emotion Sharing correlated negatively (r=−0.248, P=.042), as did Attractiveness and Emotion Sharing (r=−0.327, P=.018). Hedonic Quality Stimulation correlated negatively with Cognitive Empathy (r=–0.279, P=.045).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study indicate that the use of an immersive VR simulation game in nursing education as a means of increasing empathy seems promising and justified. The immersive VR simulation game offered positive user experiences, which further supported the idea of implementing it in education. However, more research is needed on what kinds of VR environments are the most effective in promoting empathy among nursing students. Furthermore, when using VR technology in learning, one should consider that the VR setting must not be too technical but rather simple, straightforward, and predictable.
Wearable Electrocardiograph (ECG) Technology: A Help Or A Hindrance To The Modern Doctor? (Preprint)
Authors: Smith Samuel
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Electrocardiography is an essential tool in the arsenal of many medical professionals, used to diagnose potentially life-threatening dysrhythmias or identify ischaemic changes. Traditionally, patients were required to attend healthcare practitioners to have an electrocardiogram (ECG) to be performed. This meant that many intermittent arrhythmias were likely missed. Holter monitors allow for longer periods of home monitoring, but were still limited and results traditionally are delayed. The advent of wearable ECG devices built-in to smartwatches has allowed unparalleled access to ECG monitoring for patients, but this has its own challenges. Accuracy, managing patient expectations and incorporating into clinical guidelines and pathways have all arisen as challenges for the modern clinician. This article provides a primer on the basic science underpinning the ECG, how this has been applied in the wearable ECG and some future directions.
Inquiry Learning Methods to Increase Student Motivation and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sundari Sri , Utami Seftiani
Published: June 2024

Background: The current learning process has changed from teacher-centred learning (TCL) to student-centred learning (SCL). Therefore, innovative learning models are needed to improve student learning outcomes and motivation. This study aimed to measure the effect of inquiry learning methods on student motivation and learning outcomes.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental approach with a pre-test and post-test control group approach. The samples were divided into 29 students as the intervention group and 29 students as the control group. The researcher used the MSLQ (Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire) to measure learning motivation. Meanwhile, to assess student learning outcomes, researchers used an assessment using the MCQ (multiple-choice question) learning outcomes evaluation method. The study's results were analysed using the paired sample t-test with a value of 0.05.Results: The study results in the intervention group showed the average value of the pretest learning motivation was 135.33, and the posttest-3 was 158.03, while the pretest-3 was68.43 and the posttest-3 was 83.03. The results of the different tests for learning motivation were obtained by pre-posttest-1 p-value of 0.012, pre-posttest-2 p-value of 0.000, pre-posttest-3 p-value of 0.001, while the study results from pre-posttest-1 to pre-posttest-3 obtained p-value = 0.000.Conclusion: There is an influence of inquiry learning method on the motivation and learning outcomes of Nursing Students.
SERTIFIKAT GANDA DAN URGENSI PEMUTAKHIRAN PETA DASAR PENDAFTARAN TANAH
Authors: Salam Syukron , Dahlan Tri Andari
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article attempts to uncover the high rate of land disputes in court. The research was conducted by examining court decisions on certificates that overlapped with one another. From court decisions, this research examines the process of overlapped certificates in Semarang City. Regarding the research approach, multiple case study approaches and cross-case analyses were used. The research showed that there were technical problems related to the absence of a comprehensive land registration mapping. The process of modifying regulations on land registrations was not followed by updating the land registration map data. Additionally, the migration process on the former land registration with an analogue mapping system raised problems during migrating or updating the data, specifically on the land registration map data using digital systems. Consequently, the objective of achieving a faster systematic and comprehensive land registration was not achieved and potentially raised legal disputes due to not being preceded by data updates and improvements on the migration mapping process.
 
Intisari
Artikel ini mencoba untuk mengetahui fenomena tingginya perkara berobjek tanah yang disengketakan di pengadilan. Penelusuran dilakukan dengan melakukan penelitian terhadap sengketa sertifikat ganda yang telah diputus oleh pengadilan. Berangkat dari putusan pengadilan, penelitian ini menelusuri proses terjadinya sertifikat ganda di Kota Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan multiple case study dengan menggunakan cross-case analyses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya permasalahan teknis berkaitan dengan belum terselenggaranya peta pendaftaran tanah yang komprehensif. Proses perubahan peraturan tentang pendaftaran tanah belum dibarengi dengan pemutakhiran data peta pendaftaran tanah. Proses migrasi pendaftaran tanah lama dengan sistem pemetaan analog mengalami kendala ketika dilakukan migrasi atau pemutakhiran data peta pendaftaran tanah dengan sistem digital. Dengan kondisi ini, program percepatan pendaftaran tanah sistematis dan lengkap tanpa didahului dengan pemutakhiran data dan penyempurnaan proses migrasi pemetaan berpotensi menimbulkan masalah hukum.
KEDUDUKAN PERATURAN MENTERI SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN BERDASARKAN UU 12/2011
Authors: Ubaiyana  , Fitriah Mar'atun
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Law No. 12 of 2011 stipulates a ministerial regulation as part of the legislation. This position in practice raises debates both juridically and theoretically, as well as in relation to the system of government adopted by Indonesia. This paper will examine and critically analyse the position of the ministerial regulation in the juridical and theoretical statutory law, as well as its relation to the presidential system. This study aims to find the ideal position of ministerial regulation as part of the legislation in Indonesia. The results of the study found that juridicallytheoretically, the ministerial regulation that is part of the legislation is the one that gets delegates from higher laws and regulations, not those formed based on authority. Whereas in the context of the presidential system, if the minister receives direct delegation from the Acts, it means that the minister acts as an assistant to the President, not as a minister in the sense of a separate independent institution.
Abstrak
Undang-Undang No. 12 Tahun 2011 mendudukkan Peraturan Menteri sebagai bagian dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Kedudukan ini pada praktiknya menimbulkan perdebatan baik secara yuridis maupun teoretis, serta dalam hubungannya dengan sistem pemerintahan yang dianut Indonesia. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji dan menganalisis secara kritis mengenai kedudukan Peraturan Menteri dalam hukum perundang-undangan secara yuridis dan teoretis, serta kaitannya dengan tatanan sistem pemerintahan yang dianut yaitu sistem presidensial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kedudukan Peraturan Menteri yang ideal sebagai bagian dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa secara teoretis-yuridis, Peraturan Menteri yang menjadi bagian dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan adalah yang mendapatkan delegasi dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang lebih tinggi bukan yang dibentuk berdasarkan kewenangan. Sedangkan dalam konteks sistem presidensiil, dalam hal menteri memperoleh pendelegasian langsung dari undang-undang, mengartikan bahwa menteri bertindak sebagai pembantu Presiden bukan sebagai menteri dalam arti suatu lembaga tersendiri yang independen.
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM DALAM MENYELESAIKAN PROBLEM DANA BERGULIR EKS PNPM MANDIRI PERDESAAN
Authors: ILHAM YULI ISDIYANTO
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The termination of PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan in 2014 left various issues such as the status of the revolving funds and the institutional management impacted by criminalization which emerges the necessity for legal policy direction as a form of state responsibility. The legal uncertainty creates bad precedent in several fund management rotations. Although the emergence of PP No. 11 of 2021 brings new perspectives on the status of institutions through the transformation into Lembaga Keuangan Dewasa (LKD), it is not enough as the government does not give clear guidelines on the transformation and settlement for criminalization. This research is normative-explorative research which presents the analysis descriptively and qualitatively to produce prescriptive aspects. The result shows that the rotation funds inherently belong to the villagers but since it is issued based on state budget it creates responsibility on state funds which can not be separated from state responsibility. Accordingly, the approach in handling must prioritize a restorative approach. Aparat Pengawas Internal Pemerintahan (APIP) should be the frontier in settling such issues and in addition judges must uphold fairness. It could be said that the transformation to LKD is perceived as appropriate since it accommodates the spirit of PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan.
Abstrak
Program PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan setelah diakhiri pada tahun 2014 menyisakan berbagai persoalan, baik secara yuridis maupun praktis. Beberapa persoalan mendasar seperti status dari dana bergulir maupun kelembagaan pengelolaan dana bergulir yang berdampak pada kriminalisasi sehingga dibutuhkan arah kebijakan hukum sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban negara. Di satu sisi, ketidakadaan kepastian hukum ini membawa preseden buruk dalam berbagai pengelolaan dana bergulir. Munculnya PP No. 11 tahun 2021 disatu sisi membawa angin baru atas status kelembagaan melalui transformasi menjadi Lembaga Keuangan Desa (LKD), namun hal ini tetap belum bisa memuaskan karena pemerintah tidak memberikan pedoman yang jelas atas arah transformasinya dan penyelesaian atas kriminalisasi atas ketidaktahuan pengelola. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif - eksploratif dimana analisa disajikan secara deskriptif-kualitatif untuk menghasilkan aspek preskriptif. Hasilnya, dana bergulir sejatinya adalah milik masyarakat desa, namun karena dikeluarkan berdasarkan anggaran belanja negara maka ada pertanggungjawaban terhadap keuangan negara. Munculnya kriminalisasi tidak bisa dilepaskan dari tanggungjawab negara, sehingga pendekatan penanganannya harus lebih mengutamakan pendekatan restorative justice. Aparat Pengawas Internal Pemerintahan (APIP) sudah seharusnya menjadi terdepan dalam menyelesaikan persoalan ini. Hakim pun dalam menangani perkara juga harus memperhatikan aspek keadilan yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Terakhir, upaya transformasi menjadi LKD sudah tepat karena mampu mengakomodir ‘marwah’ dari PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan sendiri.
IMPLIKASI OVERCROWDING TERHADAP LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hamja Hamja
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This overcrowding problem has become a very difficult problem to solve and occurs continuously in almost all correctional institutions in Indonesia. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method by taking analytical techniques, namely literature studies combined with field observations and interviews. Based on this research, it is known that the overcrowding problem is caused by several factors such as problems with imprisonment policy, lack of alternative non-prison punishments, and over criminalization. The implications of overcrowding cases in the majority of detention centers and correctional institutions in Indonesia include the decline in the physical and mental health of prisoners, high cases of sexual violence in prisons, high suicide rates in prisons, and the consistency of increasing government budgets for finance penitentiary. Based on the findings related to the implications of overcrowding in Indonesia, efforts that can be made to overcome them are by implementing non-prison restorative programs such as community-based correction or open prisons equipped with work briefings to optimize the assimilation function.
Abstrak
Permasalahan overcrowding ini telah menjadi permasalahan yang sangat sulit untuk dipecahkan dan terjadi secara terus menerus di hampir seluruh lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengambil teknik analisis yaitu studi literatur yang dikombinasikan dengan observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa permasalahan overcrowding disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti permasalahan pada kebijakan pemenjaraan, kurangnya alternatif hukuman non-penjara, dan over criminalization. Adapun implikasi yang ditimbulkan dari kasus overcrowding di mayoritas rumah tahanan dan lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia antara lain adalah menurunnya kesehatan fisik dan mental narapidana, tingginya kasus kekerasan seksual di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan, tingginya angka bunuh diri di dalam lembaga pemasyarakatan, dan konsistensi peningkatan anggaran pemerintah untuk membiayai lembaga pemasyarakatan. Berdasarkan temuan terkait implikasi overcrowding di Indonesia, maka upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengatasinya adalah dengan mengimplementasikan program-program restoratif non-penjara seperti community-based correction atau penjara terbuka yang dilengkapi dengan pembekalan kerja untuk mengoptimalkan fungsi asimilasi.
PEMAHAMAN KEKERASAN BERBASIS GENDER TERHADAP MAHASISWA SEBAGAI UPAYA NON-PENAL DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEKERASAN BERBASIS GENDER DI LINGKUNGAN KAMPUS
Authors: Adlia Nur Zhafarina  , Ariesta Wibisono Anditya  , Laili Nur Anisah
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Campus as an educational institution should be a comfortable place for students to study, but gender-based violence that occurs on campus makes campus not a safe place for students. Moreover, this violence is carried out by parties who are supposed to be protectors for students, such as lecturers. The unequal power relation between lecturers and students makes students have no power to fight the violence that occurs to themselves. Furthermore, this study aims to increase awareness of gender equality and anti of gender-based violence for students, as well as provide knowledge to students in attitudes to avoid gender-based violence through organizing special classes, such as weekend classes, which are as an effort to prevent gender-based violence in campus. This research is empirical-normative legal research. The results of this study state that: Firstly, in crime prevention, the efforts that can be made are not only using criminal law (penal efforts), but also using non-penal efforts, such as through education, both formal and non-formal education. Secondly, the implementation of special classes as a non-formal education has been able to increase students' awareness and knowledge regarding gender-based violence in campus.
Abstrak
Kampus sebagai institusi pendidikan seharusnya menjadi tempat nyaman bagi mahasiswa untuk menempuh studi, akan tetapi kekerasan berbasis gender yang terjadi di kampus menjadikan kampus bukanlah ruang aman bagi mahasiswa untuk belajar. Bahkan, kekerasan ini dilakukan oleh pihak yang seharusnya menjadi pengayom bagi mahasiswa, seperti dosen. Relasi kuasa yang timpang antara dosen dengan mahasiswa ini menjadikan mahasiswa tidak memiliki kuasa untuk melawan kekerasan yang terjadi pada dirinya. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran kesetaraan gender dan anti-kekerasan berbasis gender bagi mahasiswa, serta memberikan pengetahuan kepada mahasiswa dalam bersikap agar terhindar dari kekerasan berbasis gender melalui penyelenggaraan kelas khusus, seperti weekend class, yang mana sebagai upaya pencegahan kekerasan berbasis gender di kampus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris-normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa dalam penanggulangan kejahatan, upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan tidak hanya menggunakan sarana hukum pidana (upaya penal) saja, namun juga dapat menggunakan sarana di luar hukum pidana (upaya non-penal), yang mana salah satunya melalui pendidikan, baik pendidikan formal maupun non-formal. Lebih lanjut, penyelenggaraan kelas khusus sebagai pendidikan non-formal telah dapat meningkatkan kesadaran serta pengetahuan bagi mahasiswa terkait kekerasan berbasis gender di lingkungan kampus.
KONDOMINIUM UNTUK OPTIMALISASI SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN KAWASAN LAUT CINA SELATAN
Authors: Kharismawan Gede Khrisna , Wisanjaya I Gede Pasek
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The South Cina Sea area is of strategic value because it is a commercially important shipping lane and is rich in resources. Therefore, this marine area becomes an arena for contesting the influence of existing countries regarding common resources. Disputes and conflicts that occur also affect the condition of fishery and the regional environment’s ecosystem so a joint effort is needed that can bridge various aspects of interest. This article discusses the concept of condominiums for optimizing fishery resources in this marine area through normative legal research using legal instruments, conceptual, and case approaches. The results showed that condominiums can 1) fulfill food security and economic development, 2) manage fishery resources and protect the marine environment, and 3) mitigate conflicts and fishing disputes.
Abstrak
Kawasan Laut Cina Selatan bernilai strategis tidak hanya sebagai jalur pelayaran komersil, namun juga karena kandungan sumber daya yang ada. Oleh karena itu, pemanfaatan kawasan laut ini menjadi ajang kontestasi pengaruh negara-negara yang ada di sekitar kawasan. Perselisihan dan konflik seringkali terjadi sehingga mempengaruhi kondisi lingkungan kawasan dan sumber daya perikanan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu upaya bersama yang dapat menjembatani berbagai aspek dan kepentingan. Artikel ini membahas tentang konsep Kondominium bagi optimalisasi sumber daya perikanan di kawasan ini melalui penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan instrumen hukum, konseptual, dan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kondominium dapat 1) memenuhi ketahanan pangan dan pembangunan ekonomi, 2) menjadi sarana pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan dan melindungi lingkungan laut, dan 3) menjadi sarana mitigasi konflik dan perselisihan penangkapan ikan.