bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ФІНАНСУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ ЯК ПЕРЕДУМОВА УСПІШНОГО РЕФОРМУВАННЯ
Authors: Чуй І. Р. , Павлюк Б. О.
Published: April 2024

У статті характеризується система фінансування закладів освіти в Україні. Досліджено сучасний стан бюджетного фінансування освіти в Україні: виявлено зростання абсолютного обсягу ресурсів, спрямованих в освітню сферу, однак спостерігається скорочення відносного значення цього показника щодо ВВП та недотримання мінімального розміру бюджетного фінансування, встановленого законодавством. У складі бюджетних джерел фінансування освіти помітну роль відіграють кошти місцевих бюджетів, однак на тлі запровадження воєнного стану та режиму бюджетної економії у 2022 р. відбулося зменшення обсягу та скорочення їхнього рівня. У структурі видатків Зведеного бюджету на освіту найбільше коштів скеровується на фінансування загальної середньої, фахової передвищої та вищої освіти (разом 70,9%).Виявлено, що фінансування закладів освіти в Україні шляхом перерахування освітньої субвенції з державного бюджету передбачає мінімальне забезпечення поточних видатків установ (заробітної плати та нарахувань на неї); оновлення ж матеріально-технічної бази, підвищення кваліфікації педагогів покладено на місцеві бюджети. У 2022 р. припинено державне фінансування комунальних витрат вищих навчальних закладів, що, так само як і закупівля обладнання і книг, оновлення гуртожитків, фінансуються з доходів від надання платних послуг. Скорочення державного замовлення на здобувачів вищої освіти, оптимізація мережі навчальних закладів призвели до скорочення доступу громадян до отримання вищої освіти, передусім на навчання за рахунок державного бюджету. Визнано необхідність вирішення виявлених проблем, зокрема за рахунок фінансування саме здобуття особою вищої освіти, причому на користь ефективнішого витрачання бюджетних коштів та залучення приватного фінансування: фінансових ринків, пожертв і коштів зацікавлених осіб – бізнесу і домогосподарств (через надання державної цільової підтримки здобувачам освіти, грантів, пільгових кредитів, ваучерів та інших небюджетних інструментів, які слугуватимуть додатковими інвестиційними ресурсами як для навчальних закладів зокрема, так і розвитку освітньої галузі загалом).
ОБЛІКОВО-УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ АСПЕКТИ ВИРОБНИЧОЇ ПРОГРАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ІЗ ОЗЕЛЕНЕННЯ НАСЕЛЕНИХ ПУНКТІВ У СИСТЕМІ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Головацька С. І.
Published: April 2024

Сталий розвиток належить до суспільної парадигми, у межах якої використання ресурсних можливостей спрямоване на задоволення людських потреб, з одночасним забезпеченням сталості природних систем та навколишнього середовища не лише для сучасного, а й для майбутніх поколінь. Реалізація елементів сталого розвитку дозволить забезпечити гармонізацію співіснування людини і природи та невід’ємність захисту навколишнього природного середовища під час розвитку суспільства. Підприємства з озеленення населених пунктів об’єднують три тісно пов’язані між собою галузі: зелене будівництво (створення нових зелених об’єктів, реконструкція і капітальний ремонт існуючих об’єктів); експлуатація (нагляд та утримання зелених насаджень, що є важливою частиною загальної системи благоустрою міста); виробництво (вирощування посадкового матеріалу для озеленення міст). Сучасні складні умови функціонування підприємств зумовлюють посилення уваги до пошуку оптимальних шляхів підтримання конкурентоспроможності продукції та позицій на ринку. Виробнича програма є інструментом реалізації стратегічних та операційних планів діяльності підприємства, що зумовлює необхідність ухвалення виважених рішень і розроблення оптимальних підходів до її формування. У статті класифіковано основні види суб’єктів господарювання з озеленення, охарактеризовано їх галузеві та організаційно-технологічні особливості діяльності й обгрунтовано необхідність їх урахування при побудові виробничої програми. Структуровано та охарактеризовано основні показники виробничої потужності за окремими видами підприємств із озеленення. Запропоновано механізм побудови виробничої програми підприємств із озеленення із урахуванням тривалості виробничого процесу, впливу зовнішнього середовища і сезонності виробництва, наявності природних біохімічних процесів тощо. Розкрито вимоги до системи управління якістю підприємств із озеленення та її основні показники.
Detection of Hepatitis Antibodies using ELISA Technique in Basrah Province
Authors: Fayad Ahmed Naser
Published: April 2024

The possibility of detecting acute infection and immunity using body fluids those are easier to collect than blood, mainly in children, would facilitate the investigation and follow-up of outbreaks of hepatitis A (HAV). So to evaluate the detection of anti-HAV type IgM, IgA and total antibodies in saliva using serum samples as reference. Forty three paired serum and saliva samples were analyzed. From this total, 24 samples were obtained from children and 1 from one adult during the course of acute hepatitis A; an additional 18 samples were obtained from health professionals from Basrah hospital. The sensitivity to detect anti-HAV IgM was 100% (95%CI: 79.1 to 100.0%), employing saliva as clinical samples. In detecting anti-HAV IgA, the sensitivity was 80.8% (95%CI: 60.0 to 92.7%) and for the total antibodies was 82.1% (95%CI: 62.4 to 93.2%). The specificity was 100% for each. The rate of agreement was high comparing the results of serum and saliva samples for detecting HAV antibodies. We conclude that saliva is an acceptable alternative specimen for diagnosing acute hepatitis A infection, and for screening individuals to receive hepatitis A vaccine or immunoglobulin.
دراسة بعض المعايير الكيموحيوية في مصل دم المصابين بالفشل الكلوي المزمن في محافظة كربلاء - العراق
Authors: العيساوي دلال عبد الحسين كاظم
Published: April 2024

This study was concluded in laboratories of the Hussien teaching hospital/department of industrialkidney in Karbala governorate during the period between 1/10/2011 to 1/4/2012 to fine the relationshipbetween some biochemical parameters and chronic kidney failure patients men.The study was carried out on(36) men that undergo from failure of the kidney chronic during their admission the hospatital then theresults that obtained compared with the control group that included (36) healthy male. The results revealedthat a significant increase (p<0.05) in urea, total keratinine and uric acid concentration in blood serumcompared with the control group, and a significant increase (p<0.05) in the potassium and sodium ionconcentration compared with the control group, but the results showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in thecalcium ion concentration as compared with the control group.
Using the redistribution between routing protocols to find best route
Authors: Hamad Aqeel
Published: April 2024

Routers can forward packets through an internetwork by maintaining routing information in a databasecalled a routing table. The routing table typically contains the address of all known networks and routinginformation about that network such as: Interface, Routing Path, Next Hop, Route Metric (Cost) and RouteTimeout Routers build and maintain their routing database by periodically sharing information with otherrouters. The exact format of these exchanges is based on the routing protocol.The output of this study is Compare between routing protocols (Routing Information Protocol v2 andEnhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol).Design and implementation by using (GNS3) Graphical Network Simulator and we also Configuring theexchange of routing information between routing protocols is called route redistribution. Redistribution can bedone between various Interior Gateway Routing Protocol routing protocols.
PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN JASA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PESERTA DIDIK MEMILIH BELAJAR DI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN WEARNES EDUCATION CENTER BALI
Authors: Susila Putu , Handoko Yunus , Agustina Tin
Published: April 2024

Penerimaan peserta didik baru Wearnes Education Center Bali mulai tahun 2017-2021 mengalami penurunan.  Tidak tercapainya target peserta didik di Wearnes Education Center Bali tidak terlepas dari strategi bauran pemasaran jasa sebab bauran pemasaran jasa memiliki pengaruh yang kuat terhadap keberhasilan suatu organisasi, karena strategi bauran pemasaran jasa memiliki keterkaitan terhadap kebijakan strategi pemasaran.  Selain itu ada beberapa faktor eksternal yang menyebabkan terjadinya penuruan jumlah peserta didik yaitu pandemi covid 19 yang melanda dunia tidak terkecuali dunia pendidikan, terjadinya pergeseran minat peserta didik untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke program profesi satu tahun.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh bauran pemasaran jasa yang meliputi Produk, Harga, Tempat, Promosi, Orang, Proses dan Bukti Fisik terhadap keputusan peserta didik untuk memilih belajar di Wearnes Education Center Bali.  Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 138 peserta didik aktif tahun akademik 2021-2022.  Jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 orang.  Teknik pengumpulan data dengan penyebaran kuesioner.  Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji F, dan koefisien determinasi (R2).  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Produk, Promosi, dan Bukti Fisik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan peserta didik memilih belajar di Wearnes Education Center Bali, (2) Harga, Tempat, Orang, dan Proses tidak berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan peserta didik memilih belajar di Wearnes Education Center Bali, (3) Produk, harga, tempat, promosi, orang, proses, dan bukti fisik secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan peserta didik memilih belajar di Wearnes Education Center Bali.
Autonomía, autogobierno y autogestión integral de la vida, como alternativas políticas
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Gallegos Ramírez Mónica
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo propone que autonomía y autogestión integral, siempre como proyectos abiertos y en construcción, suponen autogobierno y auto-organización en todas las áreas de la vida social; ambas se constituyen en las únicas respuestas políticas posibles a ensayar desde todos los espacios sociales, frente a la debacle de la política institucional –y de sus clases dirigentes–, cuyas expresiones agrupamos bajo el término democracia, al que luego aderezamos con calificativos como representativa, participativa, deliberativa, procedimental, etc., para dar cuenta de sus características y supuestas cualidades, pero sin que ninguno de ellos cambie sustancialmente su naturaleza y finalidad: contribuir por todos los medios posibles–siempre violentos–, a la reproducción de la sociedad capitalista y de las condiciones que favorecen a su privilegiada minoría.
Ciudadanía, redes y minorías activas que inciden en la democracia de Jalisco
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Ibarra Ortiz Lucia
Published: April 2024

El texto tiene como propósito describir los hallazgos encontrados en campo durante la recolección de datos preliminares relativos al proyecto de investigación doctoral. De la observación en campo se obtuvo que las acciones colectivas de una minoría activa en el distrito 10 del municipio de Zapopan, Jalisco, durante el proceso electoral 2014-2015, creó redes ciudadanas a través de un proceso de influencia social que Moscovici1 detalla como el efecto de un desviante, que logró movilizar a los habitantes del distrito referido y a los ciudadanos que habitan la parte sur de la Zona Metropolitana, para incidir en la vida política y en la vida democrática del Estado de Jalisco.
Mitomanía democrática mexicana
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Cortés Acevedo Minerva Araceli , Islas Moisés ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: April 2024

El trabajo se enfoca en mostrar cómo el discurso utilizado por el gobierno en la historia de México, y específicamente en el sexenio de Enrique Peña Nieto, hace referencia a la existencia de democracia, y cómo la historia de nuestro país se encuentra plagada de acciones que dictan lo contrario. En primer lugar, se lleva a cabo un análisis teórico de lo que son la buena democracia y la democracia minimalista. Luego, con base en esta disertación, se hace un recorrido de las contradicciones democráticas por las que ha transitado el país; con el objetivo de entender los embates discursivos y sistémicos contra la construcción de una democracia de calidad basada en el empoderamiento del individuo como ciudadano pleno.
Encubrimiento del sujeto y memoria del territorio en contextos de despojo
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Catamarca, Valiente Silvia
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo observa y analiza cómo en contextos de despojo promovidos por el desarrollo de actividades extractivomineras, se asiste a una dificultad para pensar la realidad en movimiento y el despliegue de la potencialidad de los sujetos en el territorio. Ese encubrimiento de los mismos puede ser entendido desde el movimiento dialéctico denominado control sobre la presencia y sobre la ausencia, según los cuales, la presencia afirma todo lo vinculado a la modernidad (racionalidad instrumental, visión lineal de la historia, énfasis en las nociones de progreso y desarrollo), y a su retórica salvacionista (en la que la megaminería jugaría un papel protagónico); mientras que el control sobre la ausencia, viene a reforzar la obstrucción de la recuperación de la memoria ancestral y colectiva del territorio. Este último se asegura de controlar la ausencia de todo aquello asociado a la colonialidad. En tal dinámica, se menosprecia la memoria del territorio, la potencialidad de los sujetos que habitan en él, y con ello, la posibilidad de proyectar otro horizonte posible.
Literatura entre movimientos sociales: tejer narraciones supervivientes
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Marín Marcela Cecilia
Published: April 2024

En el universo de prácticas que las resistencias en América Latina crean y despliegan en sus disputas por diferentes territorios materiales e inmateriales expuestos a la dominación, privatización, extractivismo y sus especulaciones, nuestro trabajo considera, de forma singular, la producción y circulación de literatura para niños, niñas, niñes y jóvenes en Argentina.El corpus previsto, significativo aunque no exhaustivo, está compuesto por ciertos cuentos producidos y distribuidos por editoriales autogestionadas en Argentina (creados en espacios asamblearios o solidarios, y en diálogo con estos espacios), en el marco de oposiciones y defensa de diversos territorios a partir de una apuesta intercultural y comunal en diálogo intergeneracional. Encontramos palabras e imágenes aparecidas en diferentes momentos de luchas, creadas para alumbrar y hacer lugar a otras (r)existencias.
Empirical Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Weeks Justin W , Heimberg Richard G. , Fresco David M. , Hart Trevor , Turk Cynthia L , Schneier Franklin R. , Liebowitz Michael R.
Published: April 2024

The Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE; M. R. Leary, 1983a) is often used to assess fear of negative evaluation, the core feature of social anxiety disorder. However, few studies have examined its psychometric properties in large samples of socially anxious patients. Although the BFNE yields a single total score, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a 2-factor solution to be more appropriate, with the 1st factor consisting of all straightforwardly worded items (BFNE-S) and the 2nd of all reverse-scored items (BFNE-R). Support was obtained for the convergent and discriminant validity of the BFNE and BFNE-S, but not the BFNE-R. These results suggest that standard scoring of the BFNE may not be optimal for patients with social anxiety disorder.
Attentional Biases to Social and Health Threat Words in Individuals With and Without High Social Anxiety or Depression
Authors: Roberts Karen E. , Hart Trevor , Eastwood John D.
Published: April 2024

Relative and absolute attentional biases in response times and error rates to social and health threat words were investigated in a sample of female undergraduates with high and low social anxiety (n = 63; mean age = 20.22) and high and low depression (n = 63; mean age = 20.30). A dot-probe paradigm measured attention to (1) social threat versus neutral words, (2) social threat versus health threat words, and (3) health threat versus neutral words. Participants with low social anxiety displayed an absolute bias in response times but not error rates away from social threat words. In contrast, participants with high social anxiety displayed an absolute bias in error rates but not response times toward social threat words. Findings suggest that attention toward social threat may not be unique to social anxiety, and that individuals with high social anxiety may lack a protective bias away from social threat.
HIV Optimism and High-Risk Sexual Behavior in Two Cohorts of Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Hart Trevor , James Carolyn A. , Hagan Carolyn M P , Boucher Emilie
Published: April 2024

[para. 1]: “Men who have sex with men (MSM) account for 76.3% of the HIV cases in Canada since HIV reporting began in 1985 (Public Health Agency of Canada, 2007). There has been a recent increase in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among MSM both in the United States and Canada, which seems to have occurred soon after the advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART; George et al., 2006; Katz et al., 2002; Stolte, Dukers, Geskus, Coutinho, & de Wit, 2004). HIV optimism—the term given for a set of beliefs that ART has made HIV less of a health threat—has been found to be associated with HIV sexual risk behavior among MSM in a recent meta-analysis (Crepaz, Hart, & Marks, 2004), as well as in other studies on MSM (e.g., Cox, Beauchemin, & Allard, 2004; Peterson & Bakeman, 2006).”
Retrospective Reports of Developmental Stressors, Syndemics, and Their Association with Sexual Risk Outcomes Among Gay Men
Authors: Tulloch Tyler  G. , Rotondi Nooshin Khobzi , Ing Stanley , Myers Ted , M. Calzavara Liviana , R. Loutfy Mona , Hart Trevor
Published: April 2024

Gay and bisexual men (GBM) continue to have a disproportionately higher HIV incidence than any other group in Canada and the United States. This study examined how multiple co-occurring psychosocial problems, also known as a syndemic, contribute to high-risk sexual behavior among GBM. It also examined the impact of early life adversity on high-risk sexual behavior as mediated by syndemic severity. A sample of 239 GBM completed self-report questionnaires at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Syndemic variables included depression, polysubstance use, and intimate partner violence. Early life adversity variables measured retrospectively included physical and verbal bullying by peers and physical and sexual abuse by adults. A Cochran-Armitage trend test revealed a proportionate increase between number of syndemic problems and engagement in high-risk sex (p < .0001), thereby supporting syndemic theory. All early life adversity variables were positively correlated with number of syndemic problems. A bootstrap mediation analysis revealed indirect effects of two types of early life adversity on high-risk sex via syndemic severity: verbal bullying by peers and physical abuse by adults. There was also an overall effect of physical bullying by peers on high-risk sexual behavior, but no specific direct or indirect effects were observed. Consistent with syndemic theory, results provide evidence that certain types of early life adversity impact high-risk sex later in life via syndemic problems. Behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk among GBM should address anti-gay discrimination experienced before adulthood as well as adult psychological problems.
Burden and risk factors for gastrointestinal symptom distress in HIV patients in the modern antiretroviral era
Authors: J. O’Neill Tyler , M. Raboud Janet , Tinmouth Jill , Rourke Sean B. , Gardner Sandra , Cooper Curtis , Rueda Sergio , Hart Trevor , Rachlis Anita , Burchell Ann N. , The OHTN Cohort Study Research Team
Published: April 2024

In the modern antiretroviral (ARV) era, there is limited knowledge about the prevalence and risk factors for HIV patient-reported gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (diarrhoea/soft stool, nausea/vomiting, bloating/painful abdomen, loss of appetite, and weight loss/wasting) and distress. We prospectively analysed data (2007–2014) on distressing GI symptoms from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study, which follows people attending HIV clinics. Using generalized estimating equations with a logit link, we estimated the associations of psychosocial, demographic, behavioural, and clinical factors with each GI symptoms compared to asymptomatic and non-bothersome symptoms. Among 1532 included participants, 80.4% were male, mean age was 45 years, and 64.6% reported being men who have sex with men. Most were Caucasian (56.3%), a median time since HIV diagnosis of 9.8 years (interquartile range (IQR): 4.1–16.9), and 83.1% were on ARV. More than two-thirds (68.7% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 63.1% to 69.2%)) reported one or more symptoms with a median of 1.2 (IQR: 0–1.7). The proportion remained stable over time since HIV diagnosis and ARV initiation. Risk factors varied for multivariable models. A strong association with Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale scores of ≥23 was found for all symptoms. Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) were 1.72 (1.39–2.12), 2.95 (2.33–3.72), 2.20 (1.81–2.68), 4.97 (3.99–6.19), and 2.98 (2.52–3.82) for diarrhoea, nausea/vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite, and weight loss, respectively. With the exception of bloating, odds were significantly lower for those on ARV containing integrase inhibitors and greater for patients reporting current cannabis use. GI symptoms in the modern ARV era are highly prevalent and may arise as a common pathway of distress in response to psychosocial vulnerabilities, regardless of the stage of diagnosis. These findings support the need for integrated approaches to address psychological and physical distress in HIV disease.
HIV-related syndemic pathways and risk subjectivities among gay and bisexual men: a qualitative investigation
Authors: Adam Barry D. , Hart Trevor , Mohr Jack , Coleman Todd , Vernon Julia
Published: April 2024

Life history interviews were conducted with 40 gay and bisexual men to identify modes of syndemic experience and risk practice. Out of the interview narratives emerged one major and two minor modes of developmental pathway whereby syndemic conditions are navigated and expressed: (1) a combination of adverse childhood events with later episodes of depression and/or substantial substance use; (2) personal disruption that led to periods of depression and anxiety associated with the stresses of migration; and (3) a disorientation and an unravelling of life trajectory in the transition from family of origin to college or work. Risk practices fell into three high-risk modes: active and frequent engagement in condomless sex; unassertive deferment to a partner's initiation of condomless sex; and episodic risk combined with a risk reduction strategy. Three low risk modes were also identified: no recent condomlessness but multiple risk history in interview; a trajectory over time from high to low risk; and consistent low risk practice. These different modes of syndemic experience and risk management may have implications for identification of the effective HIV prevention tools that work best for different sets of men.
Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety and HIV/STI Prevention for Gay and Bisexual Men: A Pilot Intervention Trial
Authors: Hart Trevor , Noor Syed W. , Vernon Julia R G , Antony Martin M. , Gardner Sandra , O'Cleirigh Conall
Published: April 2024

Given the alarmingly high HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence among gay and bisexual men (GBM) worldwide, there is a critical need for HIV prevention interventions specifically for GBM. Social anxiety, or anxiety about being evaluated in interpersonal situations, is a risk factor for condomless anal sex (CAS) among GBM (e.g., Hart & Heimberg, 2005; Hart, James, Purcell, & Farber, 2008). Social anxiety may also increase substance use in sexual situations, which is another risk factor for HIV/STIs in this risk group (Semple, Strathdee, Zians, McQuaid, & Patterson, 2011). The goal of the Sexual Confidence Study was to provide initial evidence of efficacy for a 10-session integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety, substance use management in sexual situations, and HIV sexual risk reduction for HIV-negative GBM. Diagnostic and self-report assessments were completed at baseline, posttreatment, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up. In this open trial design, we observed a 50% reduction in engagement in HIV/STI sexual risk behavior at 6-month follow-up. We also observed large uncontrolled treatment effect sizes for reductions in social anxiety disorder and problematic alcohol use. These preliminary findings suggest that the present treatment may offer an efficient way of concurrently reducing social anxiety, problematic alcohol use, and the risk of contracting HIV and STIs via CAS with serodiscordant partners among HIV-negative GBM.
Examining provincial PrEP coverage and characterizing PrEP awareness and use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal, 2017–2020
Authors: Sang Jordan M. , McAllister Kate , Wang Lu , Barath Justin , Lal Allan , Parlette Abbie , Noor Syed W. , Apelian Herak , Skakoon-Sparling Shayna , Hull Mark , Moore David M. , Cox Joseph , Hart Trevor , Lambert Gilles , Grace Daniel , Jollimore Jody , S. Hogg Robert , Lachowsky Nathan J.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Accessibility of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Canada remains complex as publicly funded coverage and delivery differs by province. In January 2018, PrEP became publicly funded and free of charge in British Columbia (BC), whereas PrEP coverage in Ontario and Montreal is more limited and may require out-of-pocket costs. We examined differences over time in PrEP uptake and assessed factors associated with PrEP awareness and use.

Methods: Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal, Canada, in a prospective biobehavioural cohort study. We applied generalized estimating equations with hierarchical data (RDS chain, participant, visit) to examine temporal trends of PrEP use and correlates of PrEP awareness and use from 2017 to 2020 among self-reported HIV-negative/unknown GBM.

Results: Of 2008 self-identified HIV-negative/unknown GBM at baseline, 5093 study visits were completed from February 2017 to March 2020. At baseline, overall PrEP awareness was 88% and overall PrEP use was 22.5%. During our study period, we found PrEP use increased in all cities (all p<0.001): Montreal 14.2% during the first time period to 39.3% during the last time period (p<0.001), Toronto 21.4–31.4% (p<0.001) and Vancouver 21.7–59.5% (p<0.001). Across the study period, more Vancouver GBM used PrEP than Montreal GBM (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.60–2.63), with no significant difference between Toronto and Montreal GBM (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.68–1.18).

Conclusions: Full free-of-charge public funding for PrEP in BC likely contributed to differences in PrEP awareness and use. Increasing public funding for PrEP will improve accessibility and uptake among GBM most at risk of HIV.
Attitudes of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (GBM) toward Their Use of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants and Relation to Reducing Use in Three Canadian Cities
Authors: Yuen Anthony W.-H , Sang Jordan M. , Wang Lu , Barath Justin , Lachowsky Nathan J. , Lal Allan , Elefante Julius , Hart Trevor , Skakoon-Sparling Shayna , Grey Cornel , Grace Daniel , Cox Joseph , Lambert Gilles , Noor Syed W. , Apelian Herak , Parlette Abbie , Card Kiffer G. , Hull Mark W. , Jollimore Jody , Moore David M.
Published: April 2024

Background

We explored attitudes of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) toward their amphetamine-use and associations with reduced use over time.

Methods

We recruited sexually-active GBM aged 16+ years in Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver, Canada, from 02-2017 to 08-2019, with follow-up visits every 6–12 months until November 2020. Among participants who reported past-six-month (P6M) amphetamine-use at enrollment, we used logistic regression to identify demographic, psychological, social, mental health, other substance-use, and behavioral factors associated with reporting needing help reducing their substance-use. We used mixed-effects logistic regression to model reduced P6M amphetamine-use with perceived problematic-use as our primary explanatory variable.

Results

We enrolled 2,449 GBM across sites. 15.5-24.7% reported P6M amphetamine-use at enrollment and 82.6 − 85.7% reported needing no help or only a little help in reducing their substance use. Reporting needing a lot/of help or completely needing help in reducing substance-use was associated with group sex participation (AOR = 2.35, 95%CI:1.25–4.44), greater anxiety symptomatology (AOR = 2.11, 95%CI:1.16–3.83), greater financial strain (AOR = 1.35, 95%CI:1.21–1.50), and greater Escape Motive scores (AOR = 1.07, 95%CI:1.03–1.10). Reductions in P6M amphetamine-use were less likely among GBM who perceived their amphetamine-use as problematic (AOR = 0.17 95% CI 0.10 − 0.29).

Conclusions

Most amphetamine-using GBM did not feel they needed help reducing their substance use, and many reported reduced amphetamine-use at subsequent visits. Those who perceived their use as problematic were less likely to reduce their use. Further interventions to assist GBM in reducing their use are needed to assist those who perceive their use as problematic.
HPV vaccination among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Canada's three largest cities: a person-centered approach
Authors: Grewal Ramandip , Deeks Shelley L. , Hart Trevor , Cox Joseph , de Pokomandy Alexandra , Grennan Troy , Lambert Gilles , Moore David , Gaspar Mark , George Clemon , Gillis Jennifer , Grace Daniel , Jollimore Jody , Lachowsky Nathan J. , Nisenbaum Rosane , Ogilvie Gina , Sauvageau Chantal , Tan Darrell HS , Yeung Anna , Burchell Ann N.
Published: April 2024

Starting in 2015, many Canadian provinces and territories introduced publicly-funded human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs targeted to gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) 9–26 years old. Using baseline data from the Engage study, a sexual health study of GBM from three Canadian cities, we explored how social and programmatic factors intersect and affect stages of HPV vaccination (Stage 1: unaware of HPV vaccine, Stage 2: undecided/unwilling to get vaccinated, Stage 3: willing to get vaccinated, Stage 4: vaccinated with at least one dose). First, by city, we created subgroups of GBM ≤26 years old (N Vancouver = 178; Toronto = 123; Montreal = 249) using latent class analysis. Next, by latent class, we estimated the probability of being in the four HPV vaccination stages using the Bolck, Croon and Hagenaar method. Latent class membership was associated with HPV vaccination stage in Vancouver (p = 0.003) and Montreal (p = 0.048) but not Toronto (p = 0.642). In Vancouver and Montreal, membership in the “no barriers” latent class had the highest probability of vaccination (56–58%). In Vancouver, the “racialized, GBM privacy, immigration and healthcare access barriers” class had a 75% probability of being vaccine unaware. In Montreal, the “immigration and past vaccines barriers” and “socio-economic, GBM privacy and healthcare access barriers” classes had the highest probabilities of being vaccine unaware (43% and 46%) and of being undecided or unwilling to get vaccinated (40% and 25%). In conclusion, our person-centred findings suggest tailored interventions by locale may help to increase HPV vaccine uptake among GBM in Canada’s three largest cities.
Mycoplasma genitalium infection among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Montréal, Canada
Authors: Lê Anne-Sophie , Labbé Annie-Claude , Fourmigue Alain , Dvorakova Milada , Cox Joseph , Fortin Claude , Martín Irene , Grace Daniel , Hart Trevor , Moore David , Lambert Gilles , Team the Engage Study
Published: April 2024

Background: The bacteria Mycoplasma genitalium has been identified as a causative agent of urethritis in men, especially in gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM). Canadian clinic-based data have identified a high prevalence of M. genitalium and resistance to antibiotic treatments. This article estimates the prevalence of M. genitalium infections among Montréal gbMSM, explores correlates for M. genitalium infection and estimates the prevalence of mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Methods: Engage Cohort Study is a multi-site longitudinal study on sexually active gbMSM, aged 16 years and older, recruited via respondent-driven sampling in Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver. Participants completed a questionnaire on behaviour and were tested for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections at each visit. For this sub-study, Montréal participants with a follow-up visit that occurred between November 2018 and November 2019 were included.

Results: A total of 2,064 samples were provided by 716 participants. Prevalence of M. genitalium infection was 5.7% at rectal and/or urethral sites, 4.0% at rectal site and 2.2% at urethral site. Correlates for M. genitalium infection were younger age and reporting six or more sexual partners in the past six months. Prevalence of macrolide resistance associated mutations (MRAM), quinolone resistance associated mutations (QRAM) and either MRAM or QRAM, was 82%, 29% and 85%, respectively.

Conclusion: This first population-based study among gbMSM in Canada documents a high prevalence of urethral and rectal M. genitalium infection and high levels of AMR. Our results highlight the importance of access to testing and AMR detection when indicated.
Beyond the buzz: A review of the prospects of replacing meat consumption with insect-based foods
Authors: Biteau Corentin , Bry-Chevalier Tom , Crummett Dustin , Ryba Ren , St. Jules Michael
Published: April 2024

The substantial environmental footprint of meat production means that dietary shifts are needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Insects may offer one alternative. However, to deliver genuine benefits for sustainability of the food system, insects must first be widely accepted and consumed by the general public. In this review, we examine the necessary stages that need to be fulfilled before insects can compete with meat, and we assess the chances for insects to fulfil these requirements in reality.
An Investigation of EFL Learners’ Reading Strategy Use
Authors: Mosully Ayman
Published: April 2024

Reading is one of the four primary skills, alongside listening, writing, and speaking. It involves cognitive and comprehension processes. Reading is a dynamic skill that urges learners to find and use a variety of materials and resources. This study was conducted to reveal the type of reading strategies used by EFL preparatory university students at a foreign language department in a foundational university. The participants of this study were 65 EFL learners aged between 18 to 22 years old. The data was collected and analyzed through a questionnaire and semi-structured follow-up interviews. The findings gave insight into the reading strategies most and least used by learners. Furthermore, it provided EFL instructors with the opportunity to focus on the learners’ reading weaknesses. It also highlighted the importance of reading strategies awareness among learners and underscored the significance of acquiring reading strategies as a vital method for EFL learners to improve their reading comprehension.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY, EDUCATION LEVEL ON INVESTMENT DECISIONS IN GENERATION Z SMEs
Authors: Fitriaty Fitriaty
Published: April 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy, level of education on the investment decisions of generation Z SMEs, and the mediating effect of financial literacy on the relationship between educational level and investment decisions of Gen Z. The data in this study were obtained by distributing questionnaires to Generation Z in Jambi city using purposive sampling. The data is processed using the Smart-PLS software to test the model and hypothesis. This study found that financial literacy and level of education can influence investment decisions in Generation Z MSME actors. Financial literacy can mediate education level variables and investment decisions in Generation Z MSME actors
EARNING MANAGEMENT'S, FIXED ASSET INTENSITY'S EFFECT ON TAX MANAGEMENT WITH MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION AS INTERVERNING VARIABLE
Authors: Wenten I Ketut , Doaly Thom Deutmar Londo , Barly Harry
Published: April 2024

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of earnings management and fixed asset intensity on tax management with management compensation as an intervening variable in primary consumer goods manufacturing companies. The data source used in this study is secondary data in the form of published company financial reports. In this study, the population consisted of 76 primary consumer goods manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2021 period. Meanwhile, the determination of the research sample used a purposive sampling method in order to obtain sample data of 64 companies or 120 research sample data. The analytical method used in this study is the panel data linear regression method and the data analysis technique used in this study is an application named eviews 10. The results show that partially earnings management has a significant effect on tax management, but asset intensity still has no effect on management tax. And simultaneously earnings management and fixed asset intensity affect tax management. Management compensation can mediate the effect of Earnings Management on Tax Management, but management compensation cannot mediate the effect of fixed asset intensity on tax management.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL ATTITUDES, FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE, AND PERSONALITY ON FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES)
Authors: mebis Ni Putu Yeni Astiti , Wibawa Ida Bagus Artha Sada , Gama Agus Wahyudi Salasa
Published: April 2024

Financial behavior is a way that everyone practices to treat, manage, and use the financial resources they possess. There are several factors that influence financial management behavior such as financial attitude, financial knowledge and personality. This research aims to know the influence of financial attitude, financial knowledge and personality on the behavior of financial management on UMKM. The population in this study is all UMKM. Determination of samples with saturated sampling technique with the number of samplings of as many as 37 UMKM participants. Data collection methods with observations, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is double linear regression analysis. The results of the test showed that the financial attitude has a positive and significant influence on the behavior of financial management on UMKM. Financial knowledge has a positive and significant influence on the behavior of financial management on UMKM. Personality has a positive and significant influence on the behavior of financial management on UMKM
FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRONIC WALLET OVO IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ariyanti Dina , Suryawati Rindah , Sya’bania Anisa
Published: April 2024

OVO is an electronic wallet that has been issued by PT. International Visionet. It can be used to accommodate various needs related to mobile and cashless payments. The number of these applications is quite large and shows significant growth since the first user launch in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect the acceptance of electronic wallet OVO in Indonesia with the Technology Acceptance Model approach. Analysis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to test the hypothesis. Results reveal that factors influencing the intention to use OVO are perceived usefulness, perceived convenience, trust, user attitude, and risk. Risk factors can reduce trust and correlate with the intention to use. Whereas user intention can increase the actual use of electronic wallets OVO. The practical implication of the research is that the trust factor could increase the intention to use an OVO electronic wallet. Therefore companies need to increase public trust in OVO. The risk could reduce trust but that was not the main factor influencing public trust in OVO electronic wallets. Perceived ease of use provided the greatest influence on the perceived usefulness of an OVO electronic wallet. Companies need to consider trust, convenience, perceived benefits, and risks to increase OVO acceptance in the community.
LEGAL POLITICS CHILD PROTECTION BASED ON LAW NO. 1 YEAR 2023 ON THE CRIMINAL CODE
Authors: Arhanda Putra Alif , Adyastari Cahyani
Published: April 2024

The formulation and drafting of Law Number 1 Year 2023 on the Criminal Code (hereinafter referred to as KUHP) is intended to replace the Wetboek van Strafrecht or the Criminal Code as stipulated by Law Number 1 Year 1946 on Criminal Law Regulations which has been amended several times. The effort is carried out in a directed, integrated, and planned manner so that it can support national development in various fields in accordance with the demands of development as well as the level of legal awareness and dynamics that develop in society. Child protection is based on Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code which stipulates that criminal responsibility cannot be imposed on children who at the time of committing a criminal offense were not yet 12 (twelve) years old, which is an excuse. As well as considering the provisions referred to in Article 51 through Article 54, imprisonment should not be imposed if it is found that the defendant is a child. This research uses the type and type of normative legal research that examines and analyzes legal theories, legal principles and things written in legislation (law in book) and legal literature to answer problem issues. The research method uses a statutory approach (The Statue Approach) and a conceptual approach (The Conceptual Approach). The legal material collection technique used is a literature study document study. The legal materials that have been collected are then processed and analyzed prescriptively with deductive method. Thus, the politics of criminal law underlying the criminal law reform process involves policies in determining whether an act should be considered a violation of the law (criminalization) or not (decriminalization). One important aspect of community protection is the protection of victims and efforts to restore disturbed values in the community. Legal protection is manifested in the presence of various laws and regulations. The forms of protection or categories vary, examples of legal protection include civil law protection, consumer law protection, child protection, and so on
Implementation Of Central Aceh Regency Government Policy In Ecotourism Development
Authors: Maulana Jefrie , Eza Aulia  , Dara Quthni Effida  , Ilka Sandela
Published: April 2024

The Aceh Tengah Regency ecotourism development policy is based on the Qanun RIPPARDA since 2018-2025. On its way, the development of ecotourism over the past five years has not had a significant impact. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the implementation of the Aceh Tengah regency government policy in the development of ecotourism and what are the obstacles faced by the Aceh Tengah regency government in implementing the policy. The aim in this this research are to find out and explain the implementation of the policy of the Central Aceh district government in the development of ecotourism and provide an overview of the obstacles experienced by the Central Aceh district government in implementing policies on ecotourism development. This research is a qualitative research by applying descriptive analysis method and empirical juridical approach. The results showed that the ecotourism development policy in Central Aceh Regency has not been supported by separate implementing regulations such as regulations within the scope of tourism destinations, tourism industry, marketing and tourism institutions based on the provisions of tourism legislation. Constraints faced in policy implementation include, among others, a regulatory vacuum that has an impact on the emergence of illegal businesses, the non-absorption of local revenue in the field of tourism to the maximum, and the emergence of ecotourism businesses that do not rely on environmental protection, the high cost of licensing administration in the field of environmental impact control and the behaviour of people who are not friendly to tourists
Pandemi Covid 19 dan Investasi; Dampak Pandemi Covid19 Terhadap Harga Saham Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Hidayati Atina
Published: April 2024

Pandemi Covid19 telah mengakibatkan beberapa dampak langsung di Indonesia yang menyebabkan penurunan perusahaan di semua sektor, terutama di pasar modal sejak Maret 2020. Dampak utama dari Covid19 adalah penurunan nilai ICI di semua sektor industri. Akan tetapi masih ada sektor yang masih bertahan di masa pandemi, yakni sektor barang konsumsi. Salah satu sektor barang konsumsi dengan kinerja terbaik adalah sektor farmasi (PYFA dan KAEF). Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan agar dapat menganalisis saham syariah, yang menjadi fokus Perusahaan PYFA dan KAEF selama masa pandemi, apakah kedua saham tersebut dapat bertahan atau tidak dengan menggunakan berbagai pendekatan seperti ekonomi global, dampak kebijakan luar negeri dan dalam negeri, dengan pembatasan aktivitas apapun di Maret 2020 sampai Desember 2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, karena data dikumpulkan oleh Bursa Efek Indonesia dan Yahoo Finance.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa saham PYFA dan KAEF dapat bertahan dan meningkatkan harga saham secara signifikan selama masa pandemi Covid19. Mereka mempengaruhi harga saham perusahaan Islam PYFA dan KAEF.
Implementasi Prinsip 6C; Pembiayaan Griya dan Tingkat Pengembalian Angsuran Pada Bank Syariah Mandiri
Authors: Luâ€™luâ€™il Maknuun Umu Luluk Atin , Ulumudin Moch. Ichiyak
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa pengaruh prinsip 6C (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, Condition, Constraint) dalam proses penilaian kelayakan calon debitur melalui keputusan pemberian pembiayaan griya terhadap tingkat pengembalian angsuran pada Bank Syariah Mandiri Area Surabaya Darmo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisa PLS. Hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa character (X1) berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan pemberian pembiayaan (Z), Capital (X2) berpengaruh signifikan, Capacity (X3) berpengaruh negative tidak signifikan, Collateral (X4) berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan, Condition (X5) berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan dan Constraint (X6) berpengaruh negative tidak signifikan. Keputusan pemberian pembiayaan griya (Z) berpengaruh negative tidak signifikan terhadap tingkat pengembalian angsuran. Character (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat pengembalian angsuran (Y), Capital (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap (Y), Capacity (X3) berpengaruh negative tidak signifikan, Collateral (X4) berpengaruh signifikan, Condition (X5) berpengaruh negative tidak signifikan, Constraint (X6) berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap tingkat pengembalian angsuran (Y). Dari hasil analisa dapat disimpulkan bahwa prinsip 6C pada dasarnya kurang tepat digunakan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan pemberian pembiayaan griya sedangkan pada tingkat pengembalian angsuran prinsip 6C cukup mengakomodir.