bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new method of shoulder arthrodesis (luxatio humeri centralis artificialis)
Authors: Friedland M. O.
Published: September 2021

The main conditions for obtaining a strong synostosis are a wide, intimate contact of the bony surfaces and their firm fixation. It is most difficult to meet these requirements for arthrodesis of the large globular (shoulder and hip) joints.
Autohemotherapy in ophthalmology
Authors: Adamyuk V.
Published: September 2021

According to Lissko's report, in the I Eye Clinic in Budapest, autohemotherapy was tried in a number of cases where other methods of protein therapy, milk in particular, proved to be useless. These included cases of iridocyclitis and uveitis in which, although the etiology was completely unclear, treatment with mercury, NaCl injections and tuberculin remained unsuccessful as well.
Vaginal flora in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: September 2021

In a study of 500 children aged from 6 months to 9 years the author found a significant predominance of coccus forms in the vaginal secretion. In 73 girls aged from 10 to 15 years old he found the same pattern in the flora during the observation period of 5-22 weeks. With age the content of b. vaginalis increases with age and becomes predominant from the age of 13.
Veronal in epilepsy
Authors: Gakkel L. B.
Published: September 2021

Veronal in epilepsy has a favorable effect, reducing the number of seizures and relieving both the course of the seizures themselves and the post-seizure phenomena; it has a particularly favorable effect in intermittent seizures.
On the contagiousness of syphilitic women's milk
Authors: Yasnitsky N.
Published: September 2021

The authors undertook a series of studies, wishing, first, to determine whether specific antibodies and spirochaetes pass into milk, and second, trying to prove the infectivity of milk by inoculating it into animals.
Medical Calendar (Medical Worker's Companion) for 1927
Authors: Luria R.
Published: September 2021

Along with the usual departments for reference books, among which a large place is occupied by information on issues of a professional nature, the Medical Calendar contains an extensive department of sanitary hygiene and practical sanitation, individual chapters of which were written by prominent workers of the People's Commissariat of Health: A. Sysin, I. Dobreitser, N. Kishkin, V. Lebedeva, prof. S. Korshun and others.
Systematic index of Russian literature on endocrinology and organotherapy from 1860 to 1926
Authors: Rozanov N. I.
Published: September 2021

"The Systematic Index of Russian Literature on Endocrinology and Organotherapy" consists of a preface containing very interesting indications concerning the development of endocrinology in Russia, an alphabetical index of Russian authors, an index of works on endocrinology and organotherapy of a general nature, and 20 sections. including works of predominant relevance to individual endocrine glands.
On intravenous infusions for blood loss
Authors: Perumov N. D.
Published: September 2021

The author believes that the infusion of gummy-arabic solution and the drip method of intravenous infusions of physiological saline solution are approximately equivalent and superior to a simple single infusion of physiological solution.
To the nephropexy technique
Authors: Voznesensky V. I.
Published: September 2021

The author describes the method of fixation of the kidney with fascia (33 cases).
Postoperative acidosis
Authors: Friedland M.
Published: September 2021

The authors observing 281 patients found acetonuria characteristic of acidosis in 43% of cases, irrespective of whether the operation was performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia; hyperglycemia (blood sugar over 0.17%) occurred in parallel.
Effect of goitre gland extract on uterine activity and its practical application in obstetrics
Authors: Zabolotskaya E.
Published: September 2021

In studying the effect of thymus'estract on the musculature, Temesvry was convinced that this extract has an excitatory effect on the contractile work of the uterus, and, in contrast to the pituitary extract, which causes long, sometimes tetanic contractions, thymus'estract causes regular, rhythmic contractions. The combined application of both extracts also gives rhythmic contractions, and the effect is stronger and more prolonged.
The effect of insulin on gastric secretion
Authors: Mirkin A.
Published: September 2021

Авторы произвели 2 серии опытов над влиянием инсулина на желудочную секрецию.
To the diagnosis and classification of pulmonary tbc
Authors: Mastbaum M.
Published: September 2021

The author points out that even pathologists-anatomists very often find it difficult to microscopically decide on the nature of the tbc process. In any case, the current position that productive tbc is benign and exudative is malignant is untenable.
Hemoptysis of non-tuberculous origin
Authors: Hoffmann А.
Published: September 2021

The author draws attention to the large percentage of non-tuberculosis patients being treated in sanatoriums, with hemoptysis being the most common symptom leading to misdiagnosis in them.
On the effect of alcohol on stomach function
Authors: Mirkin A.
Published: September 2021

In recent years, Ehrmann's alcoholic breakfast has increasingly replaced the classic Boas-Ewald breakfast which was used for almost 40 years before. Literature data give conflicting indications as to the values of acidity obtained after the alcoholic breakfast in comparison with Boas-Ewald's.
Biochemical studies of amniotic fluid in humans
Authors: Timofeev A.
Published: September 2021

Biochemical studies of amniotic fluid in humans were performed by Flssner and Kirstein and could establish there the presence of glycolbetaine, meat-lactic acid, aromatic oxyacids and histidine derivative. Of particular importance is the presence of betaine, which so far in humans has been found only in the fluid of echinococcal cysts.
Bacteriological data on measles pneumonias
Authors: Lepsky E.
Published: September 2021

Some measles epidemics have mortality rates as high as 45%; the cause of such high mortality is almost always a complication of measles with bronchopneumonia. Bacteriological examination of cadavers of children who died of measles usually finds homolytic streptococcus in all organs.
To the pathogenesis of lumbago
Authors: Sergeev V.
Published: September 2021

Meanwhile, just as lumbago was formerly seen as pure myalgia, more recently authors have tended to attribute the occurrence of this disease to arthritic and neuralgic conditions.
Opotherapy for tuberculosis
Authors: Friedland M.
Published: September 2021

Bayle (Ref. In Zentr. F. Chir., 1926, no. Ll), based on physiological, experimental and clinical observations. recommends treating tuberculosis with an extract from the spleen, in the form of a syrup for oral administration or an aqueous solution for subcutaneous injection.
Statistics on the incidence of progressive paralysis
Authors: Eichenwald L. I.
Published: September 2021

Practice shows that syphilis infection, when it causes progressive paralysis later on, precedes the latter on average 9-12 years. Metasyphilis is known to affect men more often than women. This 2:1 norm seems to have recently increased to a ratio of 4:1 (Bleuler et al.). In Russia, the percentage of progressive paralysis in relation to the total psychosis is 13.8% for men and 4.3% for women according to Zhdanov, or 13.9% and 6% according to Ignatyev.
Chloroexchange in secretory gastric disorders. Holler, Bloch (Arch. f. Verdauungskrank., Bd. 38, H. 5—6)
Authors: Mirkin A.
Published: September 2021

The authors propose a double technique of gastric function examination, which does not differ much from Kalk's and Katsch's technique. At an interval of one or two days a fractional examination of the gastric contents is made-the first time with water, the second time with caffeine breakfast. Hypacidic and hyperacidic stomachs behave differently in relation to the caffeine breakfast.
To the treatment of pylorospasm. N. A. Alfeev (Collected in memory of Prof. L.V. Orlov, 1926)
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: September 2021

The author cites 15 cases of pylorospasm treated with brilliant success by pyloroplasty, the latter being carried out partly under general chloroform anesthesia, partly under local Braun's anesthesia.
Subcutaneous insulin injections for chronic leg ulcers, Fan-Benlien and David (according to ref. Zentr. F. Chir., 1926, No. 3)
Authors: Friedland M.
Published: September 2021

Subcutaneous insulin injections for chronic leg ulcers, Fan-Benlien and David (according to ref. Zentr. F. Chir., 1926, No. 3). Explaining this effect, the authors rely on the fact that leg ulcers are often accompanied by hyperglycemia without diabetes.
Cardiolysis in heart disease. According to Hainfy (Zentr. F. Chir., 1925, no. 36)
Authors: Ratner L.
Published: September 2021

Brauer believes that the operation of cardiolysis, or, more correctly, precordial thoracolysis, is indicated only in cases of fusion of the heart with the chest and the presence of a mechanical obstacle to heart contractions.
Epidemic hiccups. Aronovich, Vereshchagin (Kozlov) (Vrach. Gaz., 1923 No. 3-4)
Authors: Luria R.
Published: September 2021

Observing the recent cases of hiccups in Petrograd, Aronovich, based on the clinical course of this disease, the only symptom of which is extremely distressing hiccups, appearing quite suddenly in healthy people, sometimes at night, not treatable and just as suddenly disappearing in 3-4 days, believes that these cases can be attributed to the epidemic of encephalitis lethargica.
D-r Fr. Nigmann. Artificial paralysis of the diaphragm and its importance for therapy. Per. from German Dr. Lyzlov. Honey. Ed. "Doctor", Berlin, 1926
Authors: Ratner L.
Published: September 2021

A small book Nigmann a, published by the Vrach publishing house, contains a concise but fairly complete presentation of the current state of the issue of phrenicotomy.
An auxiliary method for the study of the Romberg's symptom. Gouldbladt (Münch. med. Woch, 1922, No. 7)
Authors: Weinberg M.
Published: September 2021

The author suggests the following method of examining the Rоmbеrg's symptom: the examinee is asked to stretch forward both upper limbs, close his eyes and move his legs. In this case the existing balance disorders, whether they are of organic or functional origin, are especially sharply manifested.
On the subject of neuralgia. Аleхаndеr (Zeit. f. die ges. Neurol., u. Psych., Bd. 79)
Authors: Weinberg M.
Published: September 2021

According to the author's conviction, the diagnosis of neuralgia is too often and unreasonably made in practice. In fact, according to A., the number of cases of neuralgia is very limited.
Cases of atypical strains of Еberth-Gaffkу's Coccobacillus
Authors: Blagoveshchensky N. N. , Geltzer R. R.
Published: September 2021

With the development of bacteriology in general and the study of already discovered microorganisms, the idea of them as something absolute, with fully expressed, strictly specific and constant properties is gradually being lost. Far from that time when under the charm of Cosch's authority the doctrine of strict specificity, constancy of morphological and biological properties of microbes seemed to triumph. More and more facts are accumulating in science that contradict such a notion.
Radiation treatment of inoperable uterine cancers. Siedel (Zentr. f Gyn., 1922, No. 52)
Authors: Gruzdev V.
Published: September 2021

Treatment with radium and Rntgen rays of inoperable uterine cancers in 15% gives a stable recovery of patients, meaning the absence of recurrences for 5 years or more.
Blood vasoconstrictors in spontaneous gangrene. Glebovich (V. Hir. & Pogr. Ob., vol. II)
Authors: Ostroumov B.
Published: September 2021

Proceeding from the idea that spontaneous gangrene is the result of the presence of vasoconstrictors in the blood, Glebovich performed a series of experiments with the serum of this kind of patients, diluted in Ringer-Lock's fluid, passing it through an isolated rabbit ear by the method of Prof. Kravkov.
To the technique of induced miscarriage. Menge (Arch. f. Gyn., Bd. 117)
Authors: Gruzdev V.
Published: September 2021

In examining the issue of uterine damage during the operation of instrumental removal of the fetus, the author concludes that the intrauterine use of a spoon and abortion forceps in pregnancies past the 10th week is against common sense, erroneous, and deserves to be punished.
The Herelle Phenomenon (Deut, med. Woch., 1921, no. 52)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

The phenomenon described for the first time by Herelle is that the filtrate from the feces of dysentery patients (resp. Convalescents) destroys in vitro dysentery bacteria.
Early recognition of typhoid fever. Rebbert (Deut, med. Woch., 1921, No. 51)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

Rebbegt (Deut, med. Woch., 1921, No. 51) notes the importance of blood tests for the diagnosis of incipient typhoid fever: on the basis of egg experience, this author was convinced that the disappearance of eosinophils soon after the onset of fever and a drop in the number of leukocytes to 2000 are characteristic features of this disease.
Surgical treatment of chronic gastric ulcers and duodeni prof. Fedorov (Med. Gas .. 1922, No. 2)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

Analyzing this issue, prof. Fedorov (Med. Gas. 1922, No. 2) decisively speaks out in favor of more radical methods. By the way, he got excellent results from burning out ulcers. suggested by Balfour, always combining this burnout with gastroenterostomy.
Lenigallol with a cold according to Isaсson (Berlin, kl. Woch., 1921. No. 48)
Authors: G. V.
Published: September 2021

According to Isaсson (Berlin, kl. Woch., 1921. No. 48), lenigallol is either in the form of an ointment (lenigalloli 0.6, oxydi zinc 2.0, vaselini ad 10.0), or in the form of a powder (lenigalloli 1.0, oxyd zinci 9.0, atouіі 5.0, sach.lactici ad 20.0), is a harmless, reliable agent against the common cold.
Dühringʹs dermatitis herpetiformis , as a consequence of iodine intoxication. Hildebrandt (Diss., Іena, 1920)
Authors: Kandaratsky A.
Published: September 2021

Skin diseases caused by iodine consumption in the form of erythema iodide, purpura, acne, jododerma tuberosum and iodist. pemphigus have long been known. Hildebrandt was convinced that Dhring's dermatitis herpetiformis can also result from the action of iodine.
About otosclerosis. Prof. L. E. Komendantov (West, rhino-laryngo-otiatry, 1926, No. 2)
Authors: Ya. S.
Published: September 2021

Prof. L. Ye. Komendantov (West, rhino-laryngo-otiatry, 1926, No. 2) proposes to throw out the term "otosclerosis" from clinical use, since it does not determine the essence of the process from the pathological and anatomical side and, moreover, is harmful in therapy hearing loss and subjective noise:
Distant motions from a building vibration test
Authors: Jennings Paul C.
Published: September 2021

Horizontal ground motion generated by vibration tests of the nine-story Millikan Library Building on the Caltech campus was recorded on the surface of the ground in the Pasadena area at distances up to 3 miles from the building. Later it was learned that the vertical component of the motion also was recorded by the seismograph on Mt. Wilson, 6.7 miles from the Library and 4,800 ft higher in elevation. The magnitude of the acceleration varied from 2.04 × 10-2g at the excitation level on the ninth floor of the building to 3.2 × 10-7g at Mt. Wilson. Simple calculations show that multistory buildings are particularly well-suited for inducing large dynamic forces in the ground with relatively small equipment.
Response envelope spectrum and interpretation of strong earthquake ground motion
Authors: Trifunac M. D.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A multiple filter technique is developed using a single-degree-of-freedom lightly-damped oscillator as a narrow band-pass filter. It provides for a physically simple approach to the analysis of accelerograph records from the point of view of structural engineering.

The analysis of several typical accelerograph records indicates that a significant portion of strong earthquake ground motion consists of surface waves. It is concluded that the duration of intense shaking will be determined predominantly by the dispersion properties of the ground.
Focal mechanism and source depth of earthquakes from body- and surface-wave data
Authors: Canitez Nezihi , Nafi Toksöz M.
Published: September 2021

abstract

The determination of focal depth and other source parameters by the use of first-motion data and surface-wave spectra is investigated. It is shown that the spectral ratio of Love to Rayleigh waves (L/R) is sensitive to all source parameters. The azimuthal variation of the L/R spectral ratios can be used to check the fault-plane solution as well as for focal depth determinations. Medium response, attenuation, and source finiteness seriously affect the absolute spectra and introduce uncertainty into the focal depth determinations. These effects are nearly canceled out when L/R amplitude ratios are used. Thus, the preferred procedure for source mechanism studies of shallow earthquakes is to use jointly the body-wave data, absolute spectra of surface waves, and the Love/Rayleigh spectral ratios. With this procedure, focal depths can be determined to an accuracy of a few kilometers.
Common features of the reservoir-associated seismic activities
Authors: Gupta Harsh K. , Rastogi B. K. , Narain Hari
Published: September 2021

abstract

A detailed examination of the behavior of earthquakes associated with over a dozen artificial lakes shows that, in all cases, the tremors were initiated or their frequency increased considerably following the lake filling and that their epicenters were mostly located within a distance of 25 km from the lakes. Among the factors affecting the tremor frequency are the rate of increase of water level, duration of loading, maximum levels reached, and the period for which the high levels are retained. The study of these reservoir-associated earthquake sequences reveals that the ratio of the largest aftershock to the main shock is high (about 0.9), and the b values are also high in the frequency-magnitude relation, which is contrary to the normal earthquakes of the concerned regions.
Implementación de capas superiores de la pirámide de automatización en una planta piloto híbrida
Authors: Montes Daniel , Zamarreño Jesús M. , Pitarch José Luis , Oliveira da Silva Erika , Prada César de
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo se presenta la implementación de un controlador predictivo basado en un modelo no lineal (NMPC) y un optimizador de consignas en tiempo real (RTO) a una planta piloto híbrida. La planta consta de un reactor CSTR, dos caudalímetros, una bomba, una válvula y cuatro sensores de temperatura. La reacción química se emula a partir de las medidas del proceso y el calor que esta generaría se aplica mediante resistencias eléctricas. Así, la única sustancia involucrada es agua, se conserva la hidrodinámica del proceso y se evitan los inconvenientes típicos del manejo de sustancias químicas. Se desarrolla y ajusta un modelo basado en medidas reales que luego es usado como base para el MPC y el RTO. Se hacen pruebas de seguimiento de consigna del controlador y optimización económica del RTO. El conjunto planta híbrida + MPC + RTO conforma una plataforma flexible, a la vez que realista, para evaluar técnicas de optimización avanzada donde existen discrepancias entre planta-modelo y entre modelos.
Estimación del nivel de estrés hídrico en frutales mediante técnicas machine learning para aplicación en sistemas de riego inteligentes
Authors: González-Teruel Juan D. , Blanco Víctor , Blaya-Ros Pedro José , Domingo Rafael , Soto-Vallés Fulgencio , Torres-Sánchez Roque
Published: September 2021

El agua es un bien escaso, especialmente en las regiones áridas y semiáridas. Este es el caso de la Cuenca Mediterránea, donde sus condiciones demográficas y climáticas la hacen idónea para el cultivo de frutas y hortalizas, demandando un volumen mayor de recursos hídricos. Las estrategias de riego deficitario se han mostrado exitosas, pero resulta primordial el control del estrés hídrico de los cultivos. La medida directa del mismo se encuentra actualmente asociada al potencial hídrico de tallo a mediodía, cuya medida es costosa en tiempo y labores asociadas. A nivel agrario sería interesante definir unos niveles cualitativos del estrés hídrico del cultivo y poder estimarlos a partir de variables cuya medida sea automatizable, de manera que se puedan implementar sistemas de riego inteligente basados en las necesidades hídricas del cultivo. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio preliminar para la obtención de un modelo capaz de predecir cinco niveles de estrés del cultivo a partir de los datos temporales de potencial matricial y contenido volumétrico de agua en el suelo y de diferentes variables agro-climáticas. Se han evaluado múltiples algoritmos de Machine Learning, obteniéndose una precisión máxima en la estimación del 72,4 %.
Desarrollo de un exoesqueleto para el antebrazo y la muñeca utilizando un solo actuador
Authors: Álvarez-Pastor Jesús , Lledó Pérez Luis D. , Ezquerro Santiago , Garrote Alicia , Costa Teresa , Blanco A. , García Pérez José Vicente , García Aracil Nicolás
Published: September 2021

Las previsiones más recientes determinan que el número de accidentes cerebrovasculares serán esenciales para acelerar la recuperación del paciente el empleo de nuevas terapias de rehabilitación asistidas por sistemas robóticos. Este artículo describe el diseño, desarrollo y control de un exoesqueleto ligero para el antebrazo y la muñeca utilizando un único actuador. Además, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio piloto con pacientes en el Hospital la Pedrera de Dénia con el objetivo de analizar la usabilidad del sistema, y los resultados se recogen en el presente estudio.
Detección de agarre de objetos desconocidos con sensor visual-táctil
Authors: Castaño-Amorós Julio , Gil Pablo , Fernández Inés , Puente Santiago
Published: September 2021

La manipulación robótica sigue siendo un problema no resuelto. Implica muchos aspectos complejos como la percepción táctil de una amplia variedad de objetos y materiales, control de agarre para planificar la postura de la mano robótica, etc. La mayoría de los trabajos anteriores sobre este tema han estado utilizando sensores caros. Este hecho dificulta la aplicación en la industria. En este trabajo, se propone un sistema de detección de agarre mediante un sensor táctil de tecnología de imagen y bajo coste, conocido como DIGIT. El método desarrollado basado en redes convolucionales profundas es capaz de detectar contacto o no contacto, con precisiones superiores al 95%. El sistema ha sido entrenado y testado con una base de datos propia de más de 16000 imágenes procedentes de agarres de diferentes objetos, empleando distintas unidades de DIGIT. El método de detección forma parte de un controlador de agarre para una pinza ROBOTIQ 2F-140.
İRAN KAYNAKLARINA GÖRE ŞAH RIZA PEHLEVİ DÖNEMİ İRAN-ALMANYA SİYASİ İLİŞKİLERİ(1925-1941
Authors: Türkay Necati , Açıkses Erdal
Published: September 2021

İran’da Kaçar Hanedanlığı’nın yıkılmasından sonra Rıza Pehlevi, İran şahı olarak iktidara geldi. Bu döneme kadar İran, uzun yıllar boyunca Rusya ve İngiltere'nin nüfuz alanı içinde yer almaktaydı. Bu nedenle İran, Rusya ve İngiltere'nin sömürgesi altında başta ekonomik ve siyasi olmak üzere birçok alanda yıpranmıştı. Rıza Pehlevi, İran'ı İngiltere ve Rusya'nın kıskacından kurtarmak için bu ülkelere rakip ve güçlü bir Avrupa ülkesi olan Almanya ile ilişkiler geliştirerek İran dış politikasını kendi döneminde bir denge siyasetine dönüştürdü. İran coğrafyasında Rus, İngiliz ve Alman çıkarlarının çatıştığı bu dönemde İran dış politikasında tarafsızlık ilkesini kullanan Rıza Pehlevi, Almanya ile ilişkilerini iktidarı boyunca İngiltere ve Rusya’ya karşı bir dengeleyici unsur olarak kullandı. Rıza Şah'ın İran dış politikasında geliştirdiği bu yöntem, İran'ın belirli bir süre için gelişmesini ve kalkınmasını sağladı. II. Dünya Savaşı’nın başlaması ile Rıza Şah'ın Almanya ile ilişkileri, Müttefiklerin İran'ı işgal etmesi, kendisinin tahttan indirilmesi ve sürgün edilmesiyle sonuçlandı.
SPOR GİYİM ENDÜSTRİSİNDE MATERYALİZM, MARKA SADAKATİ VE MARKA-BENLİK UYUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Akkaya Ömer , Başer Hacı Halil , Zerenler Muammer
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı materyalizm, marka sadakati ve marka-benlik uyumu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu bağlamda materyalizmin marka sadakati ve marka-benlik uyumu üzerindeki etkileri ile marka sadakatinin marka-benlik uyumu üzerindeki etkileri araştırmada incelenecektir. Araştırmanın verileri yapılandırılmış anket formu vasıtasıyla toplamda 313 kişiden yüz yüze toplanmıştır. Anketler yüksek tüketim eğilimlerinden dolayı üniversite öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bu verilerin SPSS 20 paket programları ile analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve raporlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre materyalizm ile marka sadakati arasında, materyalizm ile marka-benlik uyumu arasında ve marka sadakati ile marka-benlik uyumu arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu gözlenmiştir. Araştırmanın iki temel sınırlılığı bulunmaktadır. İlk olarak araştırma Konya’da gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci olarak spor giyim endüstrisi bağlamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Farklı çalışmalarda farklı değişkenler ile araştırılan materyalizm ve marka sadakatinin marka-benlik uyumu değişkeni ile incelenmesi teorik bağlamda literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır.
“BİR TEREDDÜDÜN ROMANI”NDA POSTMODERN ROMAN UNSURLARI
Authors: Aka Erdem Nilüfer
Published: September 2021

Türk ve Batı edebiyatındaki edebi türlerin gelişimi üzerine kritikler ve incelemeler yapan Peyami Safa, romanda teknik konusunda farklılıklara ve yeniliklere açık bir anlayışa sahiptir. Roman türü konusunda teorisyen misali değerlendirmeleri olan yazar “mükemmel”e ulaşmak gayesiyle çeşitli teknikleri dener. Romanın ulusal ve uluslararası bağlamda geçirdiği dönüşümleri, aşamaları inceleyen Safa’nın Bir Tereddüdün Romanı adlı eserinde kurguyu şekillendiren teknikler ve karakterlerin konumu noktasında postmodern romana özgü nitelikleri kullandığı dikkat çeker. Modern ve postmodern anlayışın birbiri içinde yer aldığı bir dönemde kaleme alınan romanın modernden postmoderne geçişte kritik evreyi yansıtan bir geçiş dönemi ürünü olduğu söylenebilir. Romanda üst kurmaca, metinlerarasılık yönteminin ve çoğul bakış açısının kullanılması, yazar-okur-metin ilişkisinin roman yazma sürecine dâhil edilmesi, yazarın okuru metne dâhil ederek onunla konuşması ve roman içerisinde başka bir romanın yazılma sürecinin yer alarak ana metnin kurgusunu yönlendirmesi gibi teknikler postmodern romanın özellikleridir. Bu çalışmada, Bir Tereddüdün Romanı adlı eserin yapı ve içerik unsurlarının postmodern romanın özellikleriyle benzerliklerinin çözümlenmesi ve yorumlanması amaçlanmaktadır.
Costeo basado en actividades (ABC) en las PYMES e iniciativas innovadoras: ¿opción posible o caduca?
Authors: Escobar-Mamani Fortunato , Argota-Pérez George , Ayaviri Nina Víctor Dante , Aguilar-Pinto Santotomas Licímaco , Quispe Fernandez Gabith Miriam , Arellano Cepeda Otto Eulogio
Published: September 2021

The quantification of production/service costs to determine the market price is fundamental in offering the maximum value of satisfaction. Therefore, management accounting is essential. One of the alternative tools is activity-based costing, known as ABC system, an alternative method to overcome the limitations of traditional indirect cost systems, which somehow distort the actual accounting of costs. Will exploring its development, applicability, challenges and benefits still be a possible option? This study aimed at reviewing the scientific literature produced on the activity-based costing system in recent years, identifying trends of adoption and challegnes of implementation in various manufacturing and service firms. High impact journals indexed in PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, among others, were analyzed. The results show an increase of publications on the implementation of the ABC system in PubMed (855 publications), WoS (1131) and Scopus (2535). The results show that its applicability remains a possible option as an alternative costing tool for SME managers or owners. This study concludes that the application of the ABC system is adequate to determine real costs and could guarantee more reasonable and competitive prices in the market. However, there is still resistance to its implementation due to human and technological ignorance.
Mothers’ Satisfaction with Childcare Services
Authors: Ruźniak-Lubocka Agata , Sawicki Artur
Published: September 2021

Choosing the right childcare service for one’s child to compensate for parents’ professional working time is a significantly important decision for a mother. The study aimed to analyze whether parental styles are predictors of satisfaction with childcare services among mothers. This link was tested on a sample that consisted of 200 adult women (Mage = 32.39 years; SDage = 4.47) who were mothers of children aged 18 to 36 months. The results indicated that accepting and autonomous parenting styles were related to higher satisfaction with childcare services. In contrast, excessively demanding, protective, and inconsistent parenting styles were related to lower satisfaction with childcare services. However, given the intercorrelations between parenting styles, we found that two of them sufficiently predicted satisfaction with childcare services: acceptance (positively) and overly protective style (negatively).
Proactiveness as a factor of making an effective management decision in the restoration and renovation of equipment
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Tomazova Olesya V. , Volkodavova Elena V. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The main part of the enterprises equipment of the Russian oil and gas complex operates in different natural and geographical conditions, which requires a special approach to the organization and management of its restoration and renovation. Theoretical analysis. This article examines the definitions of such concepts as “restoration”, “renovation”, as well as the issues of a reactive and proactive approach to managing the processes of restoration and renovation of equipment. Empirical analysis. Based on field studies at oil and gas enterprises, the emphasis is placed on the validity of adopting a proactive approach to the management of equipment recovery and renovation; developed an indicator (index) of proactive management decision-making in the restoration and renovation of equipment. Results. This indicator can be used by the management of oil and gas enterprises to assess the rationality of organizing and managing the processes of equipment restoration and renovation, including the choice of self-service or outsourcing services.
THE PROBLEM SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH LABORATORY OF GEOGRAPHY AND SOIL CONSERVATION OF THE BLACK SOIL ZONE OF ODESSA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY (PSCL‑4 ONU) CELEBRATES50TH ANNIVERSARY!
Authors: Tsurkan O. I. , Buyanovskiy A. О. , Krasekha E. N. , Popelnytska N. O.
Published: September 2021

Problem Statement and Purpose. The problem scientific and research laboratory of geography and soil conservation of the black soil zone (PSCL‑4 ONU) was opened at the Geology and Geography Faculty of Odessa University half a century ago, in 1971. The main task of the research laboratory resided in conducting soil researches in the steppe zone of the south of Ukraine in connection with the commencement of irrigation programs there, soil and land mapping to streamline their use. The aimof this article is to highlight the major milestones of the half-century history of the research laboratory, as well as outline achievements and research activities during this period.Data & Methods. Documents and materials on the history of formation and development of the PSCL‑4, documents and materials on the research activitiesduring 50 years, as well as the other author’s  publications from the previous years. To highlight the half-century history of the PSCL a classic geographical and historical-and-research approaches has been applied, which combines the principlesof historical and analytical assessment of both: historical milestones and obtained achievements.Results. Starting from 1971 the soil sciences expedition of the PSCL4 conducted a large-scale(1:10000 and 1:25000) survey and mapping of soils of collective and state farms in the south of Ukraine, Russian Federation, North and Central Kazakhstanin the area of more than 6 mln. ha. PSCL4 staff has been studying the impact of waters of different irrigational quality on the chemical composition of the southern Ukrainian soils, as well as properties and productivity of these soils. There has beenestablished genetic nature and negative direction of a number of processes in the black soil under irrigation, there also have been justified and introduced into practice different measures to protect and increase fertility of soils under irrigation and drainage. In 2003 there have been commenced research and mapping of soils and soil cover on Zmiiny island. The studies of modern landscapes and soil-geochemical environments and processes on the estuary coasts in the Northwestern part of theBlack Sea region as well as city`s soil, are considered additionally in the research within recent years. Bearing in mind problems and topics the PSCL4 addressed during its long-term scientific and research activities there has been developed ascientific school – “Soil Formation Processes in Black Soils of the Steppe Zone.” Over half a century the department schooled 14 candidates and 3 doctors of sciences, published more books, scientific articles, scientific and practical  recommendations, and training manuals.
Methodology for the Assessment of the Text Similarity of Documents in the CORE Open Access Data Set of Scholarly Documents
Authors: Kovačič Ivan , Bajs David , Ojsteršek Milan
Published: September 2021

This paper describes the methodology of data preparation and analysis of the text similarity required for plagiarism detection on the CORE data set. Firstly, we used the CrossREF API and Microsoft Academic Graph data set for metadata enrichment and elimination of duplicates of doc-uments from the CORE 2018 data set. In the second step, we used 4-gram sequences of words from every document and transformed them into SHA-256 hash values. Features retrieved using hashing algorithm are compared, and the result is a list of documents and the percentages of cov-erage between pairs of documents features. In the third step, called pairwise feature-based ex-haustive analysis, pairs of documents are checked using the longest common substring.
« Le mépris » dans les Mémoires d’outre-tombe : l’attitude du mémorialiste à l’égard de Napoléon Bonaparte
Authors: Kamińska Aleksandra
Published: September 2021

Dans les Mémoires d’outre-tombe l’image de Napoléon suscite, chez le lecteur, différentes émotions. En effet, le mémorialiste inscrit son discours dans un mouvement à la fois symbolique et éthique. D’où le flottement continuel entre la grandeur et la bassesse, entre la louange et le blâme. Ce double mouvement permet d’examiner les vicissitudes de la Fortune napoléonienne sous l’angle du mépris dépassant un ressentiment personnel. Le mépris émerge dans les Mémoires comme le signe de la dépréciation morale, qui doit, en même temps, s’apparenter à un outil didactique guidant le lecteur. Ainsi, le mémorialiste se sert du mépris pour prouver au lecteur que Napoléon obéit au même châtiment de la Providence. Malgré la trivialité de Napoléon, le mémorialiste renonce au dédain en faveur de la démonstration de sa déception et de sa supériorité éthique. Chateaubriand réhabilite ainsi la notion de mépris et son usage persuasif qui est proche de l’indignation et de la gravité.
​Effect of Different Media on In vitro Rooting in Different Cultivar of Lilium longiflorum Cv. Elite, Brunello, Cordelia
Authors: Kundu Manoj , Kumar Suresh , Lathar Rajesh , . Sakshi
Published: September 2021

Background: Lilium (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) belongs to the family Liliaceae and is a native of Northern Hemisphere (up to South Canada and Siberia). Conventionally Lilium can easily be propagated by sexual and asexual methods of propagation but these prevalent methods are not capable of meeting the increasing demand in domestic and global market. Generally, Lilium is propagated through bulbs but, limited number of bulbs per plant, long dormancy period of bulbs which again results into non-availability of planting material throughout the year. Keeping in view the above facts, the present study was undertaken with the following objective: “To standardize the cost effective protocol for micro propagation of lilium to produce disease free and true to type plants at a faster rate”. Methods: The present investigation was carried out in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Centre for Research and Application in Plant Tissue Culture. The experiment was laid out in a C.R.D. (Factorial) with three replications. In vitro raised bulblets were separated out and were transferred on to the root regeneration media. Different levels of NAA were used in MS media for the rooting of in vitro raised bulblets and percent rooting of plantlet is recorded. Result: It was interesting to note that the media LR-3 (MS + NAA 1.0 mg/l) is most efficient for rooting in all type of cultivars. All the three cultivars used responded very poor on media LR-1 (MS basal).
​Isoflurane Sparing Effect of Continuous Rate Infusion of Lignocaine as An Adjunct to General Anaesthesia during Right Flank Laparotomy in Cattle
Authors: Saranya C. , Kathirvel S. , Senthilkumar S. , Jagadeeswaran A.
Published: September 2021

Background: Large ruminants are considered as high risk anaesthesia patient for abdominal surgery because of their heavy weight, the late-term gravidity and the expected long duration of anaesthesia. In order to augment cardiopulmonary function, we aimed at decreasing the requirement of inhalant agents for surgery. Several studies have revealed that lignocaine infusion significantly reduces the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhalation agents in a variety of species. Thus the present study is focused on assessing the adjunct property of intravenous lignocaine CRI in multimodal general anaesthetic protocol employed for intestinal surgery in cattle. Methods: The study was carried out in 12 clinical cases of cattle which were randomly categorized into two equally groups. All the animals were premedicated with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol tartrate at the dose rate of 0.5 µg per kg and 0.02 mg per kg body weight i.v. respectively. After five minutes of premedication, induction of anaesthesia was achieved with double drip solution containing ketamine hydrochloride 2 mg and guaifenesin 50 mg per mL respectively, administered i.v. “to effect”. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in all the animals. In group II animals ten minutes prior to skin incision, slow intravenous lignocaine bolus at the dose rate of 2 mg per kg and continuous rate infusion at the dose rate of 50 µg per kg per min was delivered through volumetric infusion pump. Result: The Isoflurane liquid utilised for maintenance decreased significantly in group II than group I, which signifies that the inclusion of lignocaine in the anaesthetic protocol has 14.95 per cent isoflurane sparing effect.
Pulmonary Hemorrhage in the Neonate
Authors: Welde Megan Alexandra , Sanford Cassidy Brooke , Mangum Melissa , Paschal Christy , Jnah Amy J.
Published: September 2021

Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a pathology associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among preterm infants in the NICU. The diagnosis is made when hemorrhagic secretions are aspirated from the trachea concurrent with respiratory decompensation that necessitates intubation or escalated support. The implementation of mechanical ventilation and widespread exogenous surfactant administration have significantly reduced respiratory morbidities. However, when PH develops, death remains the most common outcome. Treatment for PH remains primarily supportive; thus, a thorough understanding of underlying disease processes, manifestations, diagnostic testing, and current evidence is vital to enable early identification and proactive management to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Debriefing: A Tool to Enhance Education and Practice in NICU
Authors: Ali Yaser , Fraser Debbie
Published: September 2021

Debriefing, a facilitator-guided reflection of an educational experience or critical incident, is an important tool in improving the safety and quality of practice in the NICU. Unlike feedback, which is often a one-way discussion, debriefing is a purposeful, 2-way reflective discussion which is based on experiential learning theory. The purpose of this article is to review the theoretical basis of debriefing and describe styles and tools for debriefing that can be applied in the NICU.
The Development and Testing of the MISSCARE Survey OR
Authors: Kalisch Beatrice , McLaughlin Margaret , Marsh Valerie , Nguyen Lan , Talsma Akkeneel
Published: September 2021

Background

An acceptable, reliable, and valid survey instrument to measure missed nursing care in perioperative settings has not been developed.

Purpose

To develop and conduct psychometric testing of the MISSCARE Survey OR.

Methods

Data were collected nationwide from 1,693 operating room (OR) nurses who completed the MISSCARE Survey OR. The survey contained two sections: Part A, “Elements of perioperative nursing care” (32 questions) and Part B, “Reasons for missing nursing care” (17 questions).

Results

The MISSCARE Survey OR demonstrated acceptability, as few respondents missed questions in Part A (0.1%–1.1%) and Part B (0.8%–1.3%). Exploratory factor analysis revealed five subscales in Part A (Legal, Preparation, Safety, Communication, and Closing) and four in Part B (Urgency, Staffing, Materials, and Teamwork). In Part A, the five-factor solution explained 44% of the variance. In Part B, the four-factor solution explained 53% of the variance. Alpha coefficients for subscales in Part A ranged from 0.71 to 0.84 and 0.74 to 0.90 for Part B. Validity was measured using content validity, criterion validity, and construct validity. A panel of OR nurse experts established content validity. Criterion validity compared hospitals with fewer than six ORs to hospitals with hospitals with more than six ORs where it was hypothesized aprior that nurses in hospitals with fewer ORs would have missed less care (X = −.123, standard error [SE] = .041, p = .003). Construct validity was tested through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Correlation coefficients for Part A ranged from 0.34 to 0.73 and 0.60 to 0.73 for Part B. Overall model fit was acceptable: goodness-of-fit index (GFI) and CFA were greater than 0.90, standardized root mean square residual (SMRM) was less than 0.06, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) less than 0.08.

Conclusion

The MISSCARE Survey OR promises to be a reliable, valid indicator of the extent of and reasons for missed nursing care.
A Critical Appraisal: Development and Use of Perceived Stress Scale in U.S. Immigrants
Authors: Zhao Meng , Lee Kyoung Eun , Huang Yuxia
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose

Few studies have critically appraised Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) in immigrants. The purpose of the article is to determine if PSS is adequately developed and properly used with U.S. immigrants.

Methods

Searching via PubMed and PsycINFO databases resulted in 10 research papers published between 2009 and 2019 that met the selection criteria and were integrated for this review.

Results

Most of the studies do not have adequate theoretical models and do not have proper consideration of socio-cultural factors. Five studies used the PSS translated into different languages but only one study validated the translated version. Six studies reported the reliability of the PSS. The PSS-14 and PSS-10 may be appropriately used in immigrants to measure psychological stress.

Conclusions

Some issues, such as the PSS’s reliability and validity, need to be addressed in future use in immigrants.
COSMIN Checklist for Systematic Reviews of the Hospital Preparedness Instruments in Biological Events
Authors: Aminizadeh Mohsen , Farrokhi Mehrdad , Ebadi Abbas , Masoumi Gholam Reza , Beyrami-jam Mehdi , Khankeh Hamid Reza
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of hospital preparedness instruments in biological events. The Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurements Instruments (COSMIN) checklist has been used to design the appropriate hospital preparedness instruments in these events.

Methods

A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest, Google Scholar for relevant literature until December 31, 2018, and the data were extracted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of the identified studies was assessed per measurement property according to the COSMIN checklist. Twenty studies that met the inclusion criteria were included.

Results

The result showed that none of the evaluated checklists and instruments included all dimensions required for an appropriate hospital preparedness evaluation. The results revealed that none of the included studies reported adequate information on all the measurement properties of the instruments studied as per the COSMIN criteria.

Conclusions

The information on their measurement properties was lacking. Thus, there was a need for evaluating measurement. However, a vital necessity is felt for developing an instrument with acceptable psychometric properties for measuring hospital preparedness in biological events. The present study provided improved clarity about the quality of currently available hospital preparedness instruments in the biological event and the results of this systematic review could be used to prepare a standardized instrument to evaluate hospital preparedness in biological disaster.
Development and Testing of an Instrument for Summative Assessment of Practical Skill Performance: A Generalizability Theory Approach
Authors: Bjørk Ida Torunn , Larsen Karin , Ravik Monika , Reierson Inger Åse , Sommer Irene , Stenholt Britta , Brynildsen Grethe , Blomberg Karin , Bölenius Karin , Husebø Sissel Eikeland , Lämås Kristina , Hagtvet Knut Arne
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose

Many newly graduated nurses lack proficiency in practical skill performance. Presently, nursing students’ practical skill is assessed by summative instruments with overarching items. The purpose of this study was to develop a more detailed instrument to use in summative assessment of nursing students’ practical skill performance and to assess its psychometric properties.

Methods

A 50-item instrument was developed. Video-recorded performances were rated by experienced clinical supervisors. A multifacet measurement design was developed. Relevant parameters were estimated by generalizability analysis.

Results

Findings indicated that error of measurement were mainly caused by raters far more than by items. Conclusions: The present study suggested that summative assessment in realistic settings may not apply one rater only. Two to three/four raters appear necessary to dependably measure most skills.