bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domini da Mar: Manifestations of the aquapelagic imaginary in Venetian symbolism and folklore
Authors: Hayward Philip
Published: April 2021

The concept of the aquapelago, an assemblage of terrestrial and aquatic spaces generated by human activities, was first advanced in 2012 and has been subsequently developed with regard to what has been termed the ‘aquapelagic imaginary’ – the figures, symbols, myths and narratives generated by human engagement with such assemblages. Venice, a city premised on the integration of terrestrial and marine elements within an intermediate tidal lagoon, is a paradigmatic aquapelago and its artists have produced a substantial corpus of creative work reflecting various aspects of its Domini da Mar (maritime dominion). This article engages with one aspect of these engagements, the use of sirenas (mermaids), sea serpents, Neptune and associated motifs in visual and narrative culture from the Renaissance to the present. This subject is explored in a reverse chronological order. Commencing with a discussion of two striking contemporary sculptures, the article goes on to analyse modern renditions of Venetian folklore before moving back to explore a variety of Renaissance paintings and sculptures that feature mythic maritime motifs. Having followed this trajectory, the article shifts focus to examine the manner in which the prominence of the winged Lion of Saint Mark in Venetian iconography counteracts the aforementioned aquatic imagery, reflecting different perceptions of Venice as a social locale and as regional and international power at different historical junctures.
Caring for the Island City: Venetians reclaiming the city in times of overtourism: contested representations, narratives and infrastructures
Authors: Dlabaja Cornelia
Published: April 2021

Overtourism has transformed Venice into a Disneyfied city in several ways, for example through short-term tourists and their perception and use of the city as a fun park. There is little perception of Venice as a lived-in space which is inhabited by families, elderly people and students going about their everyday lives in a city with only 52,000 inhabitants and a staggering 24 million visitors every year. The article examines the question of how Venetians are reclaiming their right to the island city as a common good for its inhabitants, relating this directly to how the city is cared for. It discusses the phenomena that come with the reshaping of the spaces and everyday lives of Venetian residents due to mass tourism. The different ways the city is inhabited are discussed, and the consequences thereof, based on ethnographic research containing field research in the form of qualitative interviews, participatory observations, analysis of social media activities on Facebook, analysis of secondary data and debates in the media.
Multidirectional Thalassology: Comparative ecologies between the Venetian Lagoon and the Indian Ocean
Authors: Joseph May , Varino Sofia
Published: April 2021

This article merges discourses from Indian Ocean studies, Island Studies, performance art and decolonial methodologies to offer interdisciplinary ways of thinking about La Serenissima and its navigational histories. It is a transdisciplinary speculative entry, part empirical, part analytical, part applied phenomenology. We write this as a collaboration between two members of the Harmattan Theater company, a New York City based environmental performance ensemble applying environmental theory to site-specific performances engaging oceans and islands. The article is driven by the following research questions: What are the historic relationalities between the Venice lagoon and the Indian Ocean? How has the acqua alta flooding of Venice, accompanied by the mnemonic histories of the Venetian lagoon, impacted understandings of lagoon cultures in the global South, particularly the Malabar Coast of South Asia? This question has propelled the artistic and academic research of May Joseph and Sofia Varino across environmental history, island studies and performance. Drawing on histories of Venetian navigation and lagoon culture, Joseph and Varino propose a comparative lagoon aesthetics, one that would link two archipelagic regions, the Venetian Lagoon and the extended archipelagic region of the Laccadive Sea of India. While we believe a contemporary archipelagic study connecting these two regions does not currently exist, the historical archives suggest otherwise. We draw on the Venetian Camaldolese monk and cartographer Fra Mauro’s Mappa Mundi from the 15th Century to initiate this comparative dialogue between North/Southisland ecologies, seafaring histories and ocean futures affected by climate change and rising sea levels. This research is part of a book that Joseph and Varino are co-writing on islands, archipelagos, coastal regions and climate change, drawing on a ten-year collaboration working with large-scale site-specific environmental performance as research, activism and embodied phenomenology.
Saint Mark’s Square as Contested Political Space: Protesting Cruise Tourism in Venice
Authors: Araya López Alexander
Published: April 2021

Saint Mark’s Square is unquestionably the most famous tourist attraction in Venice, a piazza characterised by its complex history, unique aesthetics and many allusions to power (given its proximity to the Doge’s Palace and Saint Mark’s Basilica). This square is the largest open space in the city and while it is routinely crowded with tourists from all over the world, political demonstrations have been prohibited since 1997. This article explores Saint Mark’s Square as a contested political space by focusing on the many local struggles against cruise tourism in Venice and its lagoon. Instead of constituting an ‘apolitical’ space, the preferred uses given to the square by local authorities and tourism stakeholders are manifestly ‘political’, producing a space of leisure and consumption that benefits the economic logic behind the ‘normal’ functioning of the piazza. Other alternative social and political uses of the square are not only discouraged but banned, which brings into discussion the Lefebvrian notion of the right to the city: who has access to the centre as a (political) privileged space? The article examines protest acts undertaken by the collective No Grandi Navi, particularly the political events that took place after the MSC Opera collision with another tourist vessel and the dock in June 2019.
Heart of Wetness: Living, narrating, and representing ancient memories and new water rhythms in the Venetian Lagoon
Authors: Cavallo Federica , Vallerani Francesco , Visentin Francesco
Published: April 2021

The natural and human ensemble of Venice and its lagoon, with its peculiar island features, is among one of the most studied urban and environmental systems in the world. This introduction to Shima’s special issue on Venice and its lagoon provides a brief historical and environmental context to this space and a possible platform whereby the local complexity and liminality of wetlands, lagoons and islands gesture to and evoke global themes, conceptual views, and transdisciplinary opportunities. Focusing on key topics like the theatricality of water engineering, the understanding of water rhythms and the recovery of water memories, we introduce the articles presented herein, providing a geo-historical framework for the various interpretations of living, narrating and representing Venice and its lagoon.
Fig. 1. Current occurrence area of Mimusops kummel and Mimusops andongensis in Benin.
Authors: K.Sinasson Gisèle , Shackleton Charlie M. , Teka Oscar , Sinsin Brice
Published: April 2021

Understanding the niche and
habitat requirements of useful and threatened species, their shifts under climate
change and how well protected areas (PAs) preserve these habitats is relevant
for guiding sustainable management actions. Here we assessed the ecological
factors underlying the distribution of two multipurpose and threatened species, Mimusops andongensis and M. kummel, in Benin, and potential changes in the suitable
habitats covered by PAs, under climate change scenarios. Fifty seven occurrence
points were collected for M. andongensis and 81 for M. kummel.
Fig. 2. Principal Components Analysis results on Mimusops species occurrence and ecological factors. MK = M. kummel, MA = M. andongensis, OC = Organic carbon, Bio1 = Mean annual temperature, Bio12 = Annual precipitation, Bio13 = Precipitation of the wettest period, Bio14 = Precipitation of the driest period, Bio15 = Precipitation seasonality.
Authors: K.Sinasson Gisèle , Shackleton Charlie M. , Teka Oscar , Sinsin Brice
Published: April 2021

Understanding the niche and
habitat requirements of useful and threatened species, their shifts under climate
change and how well protected areas (PAs) preserve these habitats is relevant
for guiding sustainable management actions. Here we assessed the ecological
factors underlying the distribution of two multipurpose and threatened species, Mimusops andongensis and M. kummel, in Benin, and potential changes in the suitable
habitats covered by PAs, under climate change scenarios. Fifty seven occurrence
points were collected for M. andongensis and 81 for M. kummel.
Fig. 3. Distribution predictions of Mimusops andongensis under current (A) and future projections in 2050 under (B) CNRM-CM5 and (C) HadGEM2-ES model climates with scenario RCP8.5, and (D) CNRM-CM5 and (E) HadGEM2-ES model climates with scenario RCP4.5.
Authors: K.Sinasson Gisèle , Shackleton Charlie M. , Teka Oscar , Sinsin Brice
Published: April 2021

Understanding the niche and
habitat requirements of useful and threatened species, their shifts under climate
change and how well protected areas (PAs) preserve these habitats is relevant
for guiding sustainable management actions. Here we assessed the ecological
factors underlying the distribution of two multipurpose and threatened species, Mimusops andongensis and M. kummel, in Benin, and potential changes in the suitable
habitats covered by PAs, under climate change scenarios. Fifty seven occurrence
points were collected for M. andongensis and 81 for M. kummel.
Fig. 4. Distribution predictions of Mimusops kummel under current (A) and future projections in 2050 under (B) CNRM-CM5 and (C) HadGEM2-ES model climates with scenario RCP8.5, and (D) CNRM-CM5 and (E) HadGEM2-ES model climates with scenario RCP4.5.
Authors: K.Sinasson Gisèle , Shackleton Charlie M. , Teka Oscar , Sinsin Brice
Published: April 2021

Understanding the niche and
habitat requirements of useful and threatened species, their shifts under climate
change and how well protected areas (PAs) preserve these habitats is relevant
for guiding sustainable management actions. Here we assessed the ecological
factors underlying the distribution of two multipurpose and threatened species, Mimusops andongensis and M. kummel, in Benin, and potential changes in the suitable
habitats covered by PAs, under climate change scenarios. Fifty seven occurrence
points were collected for M. andongensis and 81 for M. kummel.
Effects of Divorce on Women and Children
Authors: Odis Adaora Isabella
Published: April 2021

Divorce is a legal separation of husband and wife, leaving each other free to remarry. It is also to break off a marriage legally. Marriage is a state of being legally joined as husband and wife. A family's social support is one of the major ways that family positively impacts health. Marriage is associated with physical health, psychological well-being, and low mortality. Marriage in particular has been studied in the way it affects health. Marriage is thought to protect well-being by providing companionship, emotional support, and economic security. It was also revealed that divorce has psychological and emotional effects on women. This article review discovered that divorced women and children experience more social isolation, which makes them end up producing greater feelings of loneliness, unhappiness, and lower self-esteem. Some psychological and emotional effects of divorce on women which include factors like; low appetite, reduced physical energy and strength, chest pain, severe pressure in chest difficulty in hearing, eye pain, digestive problem, lower abdomen pain, back pain headache, sleeping disturbance, worthless, suicidal attempt, decreased level of confidence, shocked, feeling of shame, feeling of sorrow in her heart, worried, anxious, irritated towards her life, suppressed problem, feeling bad, upset, feeling of miserable life, among other things as the major emotional and psychological effects of divorce on women.
Responding to Cholera Outbreaks in Zimbabwe: Building Resilience over Time – A Critical Review of Article
Authors: Sibanda N.P. Sithole
Published: April 2021

This is a critical review of an article based on the experiences of Epidemic Preparedness and Response pillars as they built resilient health systems while responding to various emerging and re-emerging adverse events. The premise of the article is to explore the need and outline advantages of resilient health systems to those responsible for health outcomes at all levels, for effective public health action amidst adverse contexts. The article may be considered as objective and unbiased due to the peer review process. The article was published in a journal that provides a forum for a broad discussion of global health issues that range from systemic violence to infectious disease outbreaks. The article has contributed to literature and provides a basis for achieving resilience, improving public health action and indicates areas for further development of the knowledge base of health systems research. However, it is suggested that the concept of responsiveness be reemphasized and paired with resilience to improve the performance of health systems.
Determinants of EC Utilization among the Youth in the Tamale Municipality – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdulai Abdul-Malik,
Published: April 2021

Unintended pregnancy among the adolescent globally is very high. It poses serious health risk to them and must be addressed to save the young girls. The adolescent females are mostly in unstable relations and are most unlikely to be on regular contraceptives. Sex among them is sporadic and impromptu, hence they are unable to negotiate for safer sex, which sometimes results in unintended pregnancy. Emergency contraceptives remain the only option to prevent unintended pregnancies after unprotected sex. This study, therefore, sought to determine the factors that promote EC utilization among the Muslim youth in the Tamale metropolis of the Northern region of Ghana. A community-based cross-sectional design was adopted with a mixed method approach to collect both quantitative and qualitative data using a semi-structured questionnaire and FGD guide. A multi-staged sampling technique was used to select young Muslims, both males and females aged 15-24 years. Associated factors influencing EC use were determined using Chi-square (Chi2) and logistic regression at 95% CI and significant level set at p<0.05. Socio-demographics and socio-cultural factors influencing knowledge and utilization of EC among young Muslims were; age (OR = 22.28; 95% CI 2.97-171.85; p=0.001), marital status (OR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.34-0.93; p=0.030), education (OR = 0.19; 95% CI 0.05-0.66; p<0.001), and partner approval (OR=0.23; 95% CI 0.06-0.83; p = 0.020). Significant factors that determined EC utilization were age, educational level, marital status, and partner approval.
Health Budgeting at Woreda level and Effect on Access and Quality of Health Services in Somali Region of Ethiopia
Authors: Olusola Oladeji
Published: April 2021

Ethiopia has made a great effort in recent years to improve maternal, newborn, child health outcomes, however, the uptake of services in Somali Region of the country is still very low. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey using qualitative methods, and the participants were key individuals involved in the management of health systems and knowledgeable about on health service delivery in the study sites. The study aimed to explore the budgeting process at the woreda (district) level and its effect on the utilization of equitable quality health services in the region. The woreda health officers determined what is included in the budget of the health facilities without active participation of stakeholders such as health care providers or the community members. Their knowledge and understanding of the planning and budgeting processes varied and little or no support available to them. This suboptimal budgeting process impacts negatively on the quality of health care services being provided, with shortages of essential drugs identified as a major barrier affecting utilization. The need for better budgeting process at the woreda level which could perhaps involve a range of regional level, woreda level and citizen level measures and active participation. This include the implementation of clearer guidelines from regional level, maybe the introduction of standard formulae that ensures that each health centre receives certain percent of overall health budget and specific percentage to be allocated for drugs and supplies and other essential services instead of each woreda official deciding on how much is to allocated arbitrarily.
Effectiveness of Mobile Positive Health Dignity and Prevention Messages on the Attitude of HIV Positive Young Adults receiving Antiretroviral Treatment in Yola, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi S O
Published: April 2021

Positive Health, Dignity, and Prevention (PHDP) is a term for HIV prevention interventions with people living with HIV. Negative attitudes toward HIV medications may restrict utilization of antiretroviral therapy. Young adults with HIV are less likely to be adherent to ART. We investigated the effectiveness of mobile Positive Health Dignity and Prevention messages on the attitudes of HIV positive young adults (18-30 years) enrolled in care in the ART comprehensive sites in Yola, Nigeria. This was a randomized controlled trials study consisting of 371 young people living with HIV enrolled into antiretroviral treatment (ART) in 6 comprehensive sites in Yola. In addition to the routine care received during ART refill, the intervention group (186) received a total of 48 daily mobile PHDP text messages for the duration of 48 days while the control group (185) also received 48 daily mobile personal hygiene text messages for the duration of 48 days as placebo. A pre- validated structured questionnaire was used for data collected. Data was collected at baseline, two, four and six months respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Test of significance was at α level 0.05. Mean ± SD attitude scores at baseline and 6-month follow-up were 38.46±4.657 and 40.04±4.943 respectively in the intervention group. The control group had mean ± SD attitude score of 35.92±4.677 at baseline and 35.88±4.704 at 6-month follow-up period. A repeated measures ANOVA with a Greenhouse-Geisser correction showed a significant increase in the mean attitude scores from based line to 6 months follow up differed statistically significantly between the time points (F (1.162, 210.381) = 155.479 p<0.001) in intervention group. The repeated ANOVA measures for the control group from baseline to 6 months follow up did not show a statistical difference between the time points (F (1.906, 343.144) = 0.950 p=0.384), and indicate no statistically significance was seen. Mobile positive health dignity and prevention text messages were effective in improving the attitude of young PLWHA towards ART in Nigeria.
Małżeństwo w prawie kanonicznym
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: April 2021

L’autore presenta il matrimonio canonico indirizzando il suo testo soprattutto agli psicologi e psichiatri, in particolare a quelli che compiono la funzione dei periti nelle cause di nullità del matrimonio presso i tribunali ecclesiastici in Polonia. Dopo aver analizzato i cann. 1055 e 1065 del CIC (la definizione del matrimonio), riferisce la questione del ruolo del consenso matrimoniale come la causa efficiens del matrimonio (can. 1057 § 1 CIC), esplica la natura e l’oggetto del consenso (can. 1057 § 2 CIC), tocca il problema della relazione tra il consenso e l’amore coniugale, si ferma sulla capacità e l’incapacità allo stesso consenso (can. 1095, nn. 1-3 CIC). Finalmente indica le premesse necessarie (ad validitatem) per contrarre il matrimonio canonico.
Niezdolność absolutna czy również niezdolność relatywna?
Authors: Stawniak Henryk
Published: April 2021

The article will be concerned the consensus inability from Can. 1095 No. 3 of the Code of Canon Law from 1983. The main theme issue asks the question if the nullity of the marriage causes only the absolute inability of the counterparty, i.e., preventing intended from taking the essential obligations of marriage regardless of who provides marriage, or whether it also causes the inability invalid relative, i.e., preventing intended from undertaking these obligations only in relation to a particular partner. Because there is the agreement among the canonists and ecclesiastical judges as to whether the inability to take significant absolute responsibilities, so understood, invalidate the marriage, it actually boils down to the question whether the relative inability is to be taken into the account when determining the invalidity of the can. 1095 No. 3 of the Code of Canon Law? It is possible to identify the supporters and opponents of the opinion on the relevance of incapacitas relativa, both in doctrine and in jurisprudence. But they are in the vast minority. The article presents their arguments and signalizes the errors or dangers which include the thesis about the relative adequacy of incapacity. Because the key to resolving the issue are the concepts of the marriage, its nature, subject to consent so the compilation begins with these issues in the context of the obstacles impotence (impotentia coeundi).
Przeszkoda pokrewieństwa duchowego
Authors: Nowicka Urszula
Published: April 2021

La parentela spirituale è una forma di vicinanza alle persone che ha la sua fonte non nei vincoli del sangue, ma sorge dal sacramento del battesimo. Per alcuni essa è completamente ignota perché nel CIC non esiste, tanto meno è impedimento matrimoniale. È rimasto però nel codice orientale CCEO congruentemente alle tradizioni orientali. Lo scopo del seguente articolo è mostrare le fonti del’impedimento della parentela spirituale, la sua formazione storica, le cause, per quali è stato abolito nella disciplina latina ma rimasto nella legislazione orientale, e i problemi, che si pongono quando il matrimonio contraggono un fedele cattolico latino e un fedele appartenente a una delle cattoliche Chiese orientali.
Przyczyny i procedury wydalania duchownych według norm i praktyki Kongregacji Nauki Wiary
Authors: Nykiel Krzysztof
Published: April 2021

La conferenza intende illustrare le cause e la procedura per le quali un chierico possa essere colpito con la pena di dimissione dallo stato clericale. Le cause sono la commissione da parte dello stesso di delitti gravi, descritti nel motu proprio Sacramentorum sanctitatis tutela di Giovanni Paolo II del 30 aprile 2001, in cui sono state, a distanza di nove anni, apportate delle modifiche sia per quanto riguarda le norme sostanziali, che procedurali. Tali modifiche vengono descritte nella prima parte della Conferenza. Queste nuove Norme sui “Delitti Riservati”, approvate da Papa Benedetto XVI il 21 maggio 2010, sono state pubblicate il 15 luglio 2010. Il testo in parola, che tratta dei delitti riservati alla competenza esclusiva della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede, contiene le Norme Sostanziali (artt. 1-7) e quelle Processuali (artt. 8-31) ed è stato il punto di riferimento per presentare le cause e la procedura che il predetto Dicastero osserva nel giudicare i casi di delicta reservata. A queste Norme si aggiunge anche una lunga prassi del Dicastero nel trattare simili casi. Per la commissione di questi gravi delitti (ad esempio: contro la fede, i Sacramenti dell’Eucaristia e della Penitenza, nonché contro la morale, specialmente l’abuso sessuale di minori), i chierici colpevoli, secondo la gravità del crimine da loro commesso, possono essere puniti anche con il massimo della pena, ovvero con la dimissione dallo stato clericale o la deposizione. Nella seconda parte della Conferenza viene esposta la procedura seguita dalla Congregazione nei casi di delicta reservata e le relative possibili soluzioni, esaminando i singoli casi. Il chierico accusato di aver commesso un grave delitto come, ad esempio, l’abusosessuale di minore, può, una volta accertatane la colpevolezza e ricorrendo gli estremidi cui all’art. 21 delle Normae, essere dimesso dallo stato clericale sia tramite la viagiudiziale sia anche percorrendo le vie alternative del processo amministrativo o dellapresentazione diretta delcaso al Romano Pontefice. In quest’ultima ipotesi il casoviene presentato al Santo Padre con il previo voto favorevole della Congregazione,motivando la richiesta dell’inflizione della succitata pena con la dicitura “pro bono Ecclesiae“ oppure, per i casi particolarmente gravi, “in poenam”. In via graziosa è contemplata anche la dispensa dagli obblighi che derivano dall’Ordine Sacro, inclusoil celibato, a seguito di supplice istanza dell’oratore-reo. La Conferenza si conclude con il richiamo ai due canoni 292-293 CIC che determinano la situazione canonica dei chierici che hanno perso lo stato clericale.
Przyczyny i procedura wydalania duchownych z instytutu zakonnego
Authors: Skorupa Ambroży
Published: April 2021

A religious in an institute fulfills his vocation by following the way adequate to the charism of the institute. An attitude unsuited to a religious’ priestly vocation as well as to the institute’s charism, can be the cause of dismissal from religious institute. Among the causes of dismissal can be diffusion of doctrine inconsistent with the magisterium of the Church or an attitude incompatible with position of the Church. In the article were presented some exemplary statements of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith regarding doctrinal and moral questions. Stubborn diffusion of views recognized by the Holy See as opposed to the Catholic doctrine, may be another cause for dismissal from an institute. Dismissal from religious institute may also result from an attitude incompatible with the ecclesiastical and religious discipline. Attitudes causing grave scandal require reaction of the competent religious superiors. The superiors are obliged to act in accordance with the process regulated by the norms included in the CCL 1983 and in other ecclesiastical documents. Choosing proper process depends on the nature of an offense committed by a religious. For offenses described in can. 694 a religious is dismissed by the fact itself of committing the offense (ipso facto). Therefore the process described in the cannon for this form of dismissal must be kept. In instances of offenses described in cannons 695 and 1395, for which the legislator provided an obligatory dismissal, the process is different. In case of offenses pointed out in can. 696 the superior is obliged to initiate process indicated in can. 697. The right of the accused to self-defense, participation of a notary in the process, required decision by the major superior and approval of a decree by ecclesiastical hierarchical authority – the Holy See or diocesan bishop, depending on the approval level of the institute, deserves attention.
Metoda kanonistyczna we współczesnej dyskusji naukowej
Authors: Gałkowski Tomasz
Published: April 2021

L’Autore dell’articolo presenta la problematica dell’odierna discussione scientifica intorno al tema del metodo canonistico. In questo scopo descrive lo sviluppo del metodo canonistico nella storia, presentando alla fine il problema analizzato come si presenta dopo il Vaticano II. La sua attenzione si concentra intorno alla relazione del metodo canonistico con le scienze giuridiche e teologiche insieme alle conseguenze per la scienza canonistica. In seguito presenta tre odierne proposizioni di S. M. Passini, M. Visioli e P. Gherri ed accenna le loro positive e negative soluzioni.
Gwarancje wolności sumienia i religii w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 r.
Authors: Gołębiowska Anna
Published: April 2021

The systemic transformation initiated by the Roundtable talks of 1989 made it necessary for Poland to amend its constitution, including the regulations concerning the freedom of conscience and religion. Reflecting only the Catholic Church’s official positions, presents issues concerning the Catholic Church’s position on religious freedom in the individual dimension, that is, the freedom of conscience and religion. The Conference of the Polish Episcopate’s 1990-1997 positions on religious freedom in the individual dimensions contained some of the most important aspects of the teaching of the Second Vatican Council. The constitutional guarantees of religious freedom contained in the article 53 – freedom of conscience and religion – should be seen as a compromise between the principles of liberal ideology and the teachings of the Second Vatican Council. Debate’s counterparts were: the President of the Polish Republic, the Constitutional Commission of the National Assembly, the Constitutional Commissions of the two chambers of Polish Parliament: political Parties and citizens’ movements as well as individual persons. More then that, as far as this freedom touches the crucial element of the human nature, it creates in every person a deep foundation for the existence of other freedoms.
Niższe diecezjalne seminaria duchowne w Polsce w świetle aktualnych przepisów prawnych
Authors: ADAMCZYK JERZY
Published: April 2021

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę niższych diecezjalnych seminariów duchownych w Polsce w aspekcie kanonicznym.W jego pierwszej części przedstawiono cel niższych seminariów duchownych w Polsce w świetle aktualnych przepisów prawnych.W drugiej części wskazano na konieczność odpowiedniej formacji w niższych diecezjalnych seminariach duchownych w Polsce, natomiast część trzecia została poświęcona strukturze organizacyjnej omawianych szkół.
Wpływ błędu i ignorancji co do istoty aktu prawnego na jego nieważność (kan. 126 KPK)
Authors: DZIERŻON KS. GINTER
Published: April 2021

W prezentowanym artykule przedmiotem uwagi Autora stała się interpretacja kan. 126 KPK dotyczącego wpływu błędu i ignorancji co do istoty aktu prawnego na jego nieważność. Wykazał on, iż błąd i ignorancja są autonomicznymi wadami aktu prawnego. W zakończeniu opracowania polemizując z poglądem Winfrieda Aymansa i Klausa Mörsdorfa stojącymi na stanowsiku, iż pomiędzy kan. 125 § 2 KPK w którym skodyfikowano wpływ podstępu i bojaźni na ważność aktu prawnego i kan. 126 KPK istnieje pewien brak równowagi wyraził on pogląd, iż takie twierdzenie jest nieuprawnione. Zdaniem Autora o skodyfikowaniu tych zasad zadecydowaly inne racje. Twierdzi on, iż w kan. 125 § 2 KPK prawodawca stworzył możłiwość rozwiązania aktu, ponieważ uznał, że w tym wypadku została naruszona zasada sprawiedliwości. Tym sposobem pragnie on chronić tych, którzy zostali pokrzywdzeni.

W opinii Autora, inny powód zadecydował natomiast o wprowadzeniu zasady skodyfkowanej w kan. 126 KPK. W tym wypadku zadecydowały o tym racje teoretycznoprawne o podłożu ontologicznym w rozumieniu filozoficznym arystotelesowsko-tomistycznym. W jego przekonaniu, zniekształcenie przedmiotu aktu w jego elementach istotnych będące następstwem błędu (ignorancji) substancjalnego z natury rzeczy nie może generować innych następstw, jak tylko nieważność aktu prawnego.
Odnowa duszpastersko-religijna w diecezji włocławskiej w świetle uchwał synodalnych biskupa Macieja Łubieńskiego (1631-1641)
Authors: GRĘŹLIKOWSKI KS. JANUSZ
Published: April 2021

Dar reformy i odnowy duszpasterskiej ofiarowany Kościołowi połowy XVI wieku w uchwałach Soboru Trydenckiego, realizowany i wprowadzany w życie Kościołów partykularnych przez kolejne wieki, został gorliwie i owocnie podjęty przez biskupa Macieja Łubieńskiego i to z wielkim rozmachem na trzech synodach, dwóch diecezjalnych w 1634 i 1641 r. oraz na synodzie odbytym dla archidiakonatu pomorskiego w 1640 r. Ich uchwały stały się nie tylko okazją do przeprowadzenia odnowy duszpasterskiej Kościoła włocławskiego, ale także przyczyniły się do pogłębienia znajomości i szacunku dla prawa oraz stały się skutecznym instrumentem do zachowania jedności i karności kościelnej w diecezji, jak też wprowadzania reformy trydenckiej. Osadzone mocno w dekretach soborowych oraz statutach prowincjonalnych uchwały synodów normowały wiele sektorów życia duszpasterskiego ówczesnej diecezji kujawsko-pomorskiej, uaktywniając samych duszpasterzy, jak i angażując religijnie i moralnie wiernych świeckich. Ten wybitny ustawodawca, reformator i zwolennik odnowy trydenckiej Kościoła i jego struktur duszpasterskich, zdawał sobie sprawę, że odnowa duszpasterstwa i naprawa życia religijno-moralnego musi znaleźć swój początek w reformie duchowieństwa, zachowaniu karności i dyscypliny kościelnej oraz w życiu i postępowaniu duchownych zgodnym z duchem powołania kapłańskiego. Uchwały synodalne biskupa Łubieńskiego były przejawem jego gorliwości ustawodawczo – reformistycznej. Usilnie zabiegał o ujednolicenie przepisów prawnych odnoszących się do życia sakramentalnego, dyscypliny duchowieństwa oraz rozwoju życia religijnego, a jednocześnie rozwoju duszpasterstwa. Jego działalność ustawodawcza i prawno-duszpasterska była w miarę usystematyzowana, szeroka i całościowa. Odnosiła się bowiem najpierw do działalności czysto ustawodawczej, a także miała charakter praktyczny, gdyż odnosiła się i służyła odnowie duszpasterstwa i życia religijnego wiernych.

Odnowie duszpasterstwa służyły też podejmowane wysiłki zmierzające do usprawnienia organizacji dekanatów oraz ożywienie działalności dziekanów, m.in. w zakresie kontroli duszpasterstwa, przypominania proboszczom ich powinności w zakresie poznawania parafian, opieki nad chorymi i ubogimi, zarządzenia odnoszące się do obrony wiary katolickiej zagrożonej reformacją, regulacje odnoszące się do nauczania prawd wiary, nauczania katechetycznego, sprawowania i przyjmowania sakramentów, kultu Bożego i spraw liturgicznych. To wszystko miało służyć posoborowej odnowie duszpasterstwa w diecezji włocławskim.
A Review on Colorimetric Sensing of Tumor Markers Based on Enzyme-Mimicking Nanomaterials
Authors: Filik Hayati , Avan Asiye Aslıhan , Tokatlı Zehra Füsun
Published: April 2021

Nanomedicine is an arising field that exploits nanotechnology concepts for pioneered
therapy and diagnostics. Colorimetric sensors for tumor markers have displayed
interesting benefits compared to conventional systems in clinical laboratory diagnosis.
Colorimetric immunoassay-based approaches show up-and-coming results since the goal
cancer marker is determined with high sensitivity but without the utilization of advanced/-
expensive techniques through an effortless optical color change. Also, colorimetric
biosensor has the potential to detect proteins in biological fluids swiftly with high sensitivity,
and they are anticipated to play a progressively serious role in tumor diagnosis.
We reviewed (covering the period 2015-2020) various studies based on colorimetric sensing
strategy using nanostructured materials (highly efficient enzyme mimics, artificial enzymes
or nanozymes) to detect different tumor antigens in biological fluids. Specifically,
we highlighted the recent progress and efforts in the construction of colorimetric immunosensors.
Colorimetric immunosensors can be roughly divided into two main categories:
transition metal nanozyme-based sensing and noble metal nanozyme-based sensing.
Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Giglio Rosaria V. , Stoian Anca P. , Patti Angelo M. , Rizvi Ali A. , Sukhorukov Vasily , Ciaccio Marcello , Orekhov Alexander , Rizzo Manfredi
Published: April 2021

Background:

Metabolic syndrome is a clinical condition that deserves special attention because it
puts the individual at high cardiovascular risk, especially heart attack and stroke. Considering precision
medicine, it would be advisable to evaluate the individual cardio-metabolic risk by estimating the coexistence
of risk factors (abdominal obesity, low level of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, High Triglycerides, and
small dense Low-Density Lipoproteins sub-classes, hypertension, and elevated fasting glycemia), which could
engrave on metabolism increasing cardiovascular mortality.

Objective:

To identify genetic and epigenetic biomarkers may assist in the possibility of helping follow-up
strategies and other measures of prevention and in metabolic risk.

Methods:

We searched for studies that valued the combination between epigenetic biomarkers and all factors of
cardio-metabolic risk.

Results:

Numerous researches have investigated the molecular start of metabolic alterations, focusing on the
epigenetic mark, as methylation of DNA, histone modifications and non.coding RNAs. It has been found that
DNA methylation is the most searched epigenetic sign in the human genome concerning the control of gene expression.

Conclusion:

For the screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of metabolic syndrome and the prescription of personalized
medicine, the DNA methylation biomarkers specify for subjects have been recognized as an ensuring
tool. While these results are promising, further investigations are needed to unravel the complicated synergic association
of the genome, epigenome and the situations related to metabolic pathology.
Nutraceuticals with Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Properties as an
Intervention for Reducing the Health Effects of Fine Particulate Matter:
Potential and Prospects
Authors: Rana Sindhuprava , Trushna Tanwi , Tripathi Amit K. , Tiwari Rajnarayan R.
Published: April 2021

:

Air pollution, especially particulate matter pollution, adversely affects human health. A
growing pool of evidence has emerged which underscores the potential of individual-level
nutritional interventions in attenuating the adverse health impact of exposure to PM2.5. Although
controlling emission and reducing the overall levels of air pollution remains the ultimate objective
globally, the sustainable achievement of such a target and thus consequent protection of human
health will require a substantial amount of time and concerted efforts worldwide. In the meantime,
smaller-scale individual-level interventions that can counter the inflammatory or oxidative stress
effects triggered by exposure to particulate matter may be utilized to ameliorate the health effects
of PM2.5 pollution. One such intervention is the incorporation of nutraceuticals in the diet. Here,
we present a review of the evidence generated from various in vitro, in vivo and human studies
regarding the effects of different anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutraceuticals in ameliorating
the health effects of particulate matter air pollution. The studies discussed in this review suggest
that these nutraceuticals, when consumed as a part of the diet or as additional supplementation,
can potentially negate the cellular level adverse effects of exposure to particulate pollution. The
potential benefits of adopting a non-pharmacological diet-based approach to air pollution-induced
disease management have also been discussed. We argue that before a nutraceuticals-based
approach can be used for widespread public adoption, further research, especially human clinical
trials, is essential to confirm the beneficial action of relevant nutraceuticals and to explore the safe
limits of human supplementation and the risk of side effects. Future research should focus on
systematically translating bench-based knowledge regarding nutraceuticals gained from in vitro
and in vivo studies into clinically usable nutritional guidelines.
The Beneficial Effects of QIAPI 1® against Pentavalent Arsenic-Induced
Lung Toxicity: A Hypothetical Model for SARS CoV2-I nduced Lung
Toxicity
Authors: Herrera Arturo Solís , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y. , Nikolenko Vladimir N. , Giller Dimitry B. , Solis Luis Fernando Torres , Mikhaleva Liudmila M. , Somasundaram Siva G. , Kirkland Cecil E. , Aliev Gjumrakch
Published: April 2021

Exposure to environmental toxicants such as Arsenic (As) can result in As-induced alterations in immune regulators. Consequently, people who are more prone to viral infections like influenza A or B, H1N1, SARS CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus), and SARS CoV2 may devel-op a susceptibility to immune responses in their lungs. Our previous reports delineated the ability of QIAPI 1®, a melanin precursor, to dissociate water molecules with simultaneous therapeutic efficacy against central nervous system (CNS) diseases, retinopathy, and As-induced renal toxicity. Considering the commonalities of lung pathology of SARS CoV and As-induced toxicity, the aim of this study is to decipher the efficacy of QIAPI 1® against pentavalent As-induced lung toxicity by examining the pul-monary pathology. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining was used for ascertaining the lung pathology in Wistar rat models. Animals were divided into 3 groups: control group, group treated with pentavalent As, and a group treated with pentavalent As and QIAPI 1®. There were no significant changes in lung histopathology in the control group as indicated by intact morphology. The As-treated group revealed damage to the histoarchitecture with pulmonary edema, interstitial fibrosis, diffuse alveolar damage, Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)-lesions, formation of hyaline membrane, multi-nucleated giant pneumocytes, atypical pneumocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and interstitial ede-ma. The group treated with As and QIAPI 1® significantly associated with mitigated histological signs of lung inflammation induced by Arsenic. Therefore, QIAPI 1® can be recommended as antagonistic to As-induced lung toxicity. In conclusion, this model could be preferred as a hypothetical model to examine the efficacy of QIAPI 1® in SARS CoV2-induced pulmonary damage. Future studies are warranted to delineate the efficacy of QIAPI 1® against SARS CoV and SARS CoV2 lung pathology.
Modulation of Phototropin Signalosome with Artificial Illumination Holds Great Potential in the Development of Climate-Smart Crops
Authors: Sharma Sunita , Sanyal Sibaji K. , Sushmita Kumari , Chauhan Manisha , Sharma Amit , Anirudhan Gireesh , Veetil Sindhu K. , Kateriya Suneel
Published: April 2021

Changes in environmental conditions like temperature and light critically influence crop
production. To deal with these changes, plants possess various photoreceptors such as Phototropin
(PHOT), Phytochrome (PHY), Cryptochrome (CRY), and UVR8 that work synergistically as sensor
and stress sensing receptors to different external cues. PHOTs are capable of regulating several
functions like growth and development, chloroplast relocation, thermomorphogenesis, metabolite
accumulation, stomatal opening, and phototropism in plants. PHOT plays a pivotal role in overcoming
the damage caused by excess light and other environmental stresses (heat, cold, and salinity)
and biotic stress. The crosstalk between photoreceptors and phytohormones contributes to plant
growth, seed germination, photo-protection, flowering, phototropism, and stomatal opening.

Molecular genetic studies using gene targeting and synthetic biology approaches have revealed the
potential role of different photoreceptor genes in the manipulation of various beneficial agronomic
traits. Overexpression of PHOT2 in Fragaria ananassa leads to the increase in anthocyanin content
in its leaves and fruits. Artificial illumination with blue light alone and in combination with
red light influence the growth, yield, and secondary metabolite production in many plants, while in
algal species, it affects growth, chlorophyll content, lipid production and also increases its bioremediation
efficiency. Artificial illumination alters the morphological, developmental, and physiological
characteristics of agronomic crops and algal species. This review focuses on PHOT modulated
signalosome and artificial illumination-based photo-biotechnological approaches for the development
of climate-smart crops.
A Review on Natural Sources Derived Protein Nanoparticles as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Bhattacharya Tanima , Maishu Samka P. , Akter Rokeya , Rahman Md. H. , Akhtar Muhammad F. , Saleem Ammara , Bin-Jumah May , Kamel Mohamed , Abdel-Latif Mervat A. , Abdel-Daim Mohamed M.
Published: April 2021

Cancer notably carcinoma represents a prominent health challenge worldwide. A variety
of chemotherapeutic agents are being used to deal with a variety of carcinomas. However, these delivering
agents not only enter the targeted site but also affect normal tissues yielding poor therapeutic
outcomes. Chemotherapeutic-associated problems are being attributed to drug non-specificity resulting
from poor drug delivery systems. These problems are now being solved using
nanomedicine, which entails using nanoparticles as drug delivery systems or nanocarriers. This
nanoparticle-based drug delivery system enhances clinical outcomes by enabling targeted delivery,
improving drug internalization, enhanced permeability, easy biodistribution, prolonged circulation
and enhanced permeability rate, thereby improving the therapeutic effectiveness of several anticancer
agents. Natural Protein-based Nanoparticles (PNPs) such as ferritin, lipoprotein, and lectins
from natural sources have gained extensive importance at a scientific community level as nanovehicle
for effective drug delivery and photo acoustic labeling replacing several synthetic nanocarriers
that have shown limited therapeutic outcomes. The bioavailability of PNP, the chance of genetic engineering
techniques to modify their biological properties made them one of the important raw material
sources for drug delivery research. This current review highlighted different chemotherapeutic
agents used in the treatment of some carcinomas. It also focused on the wide variety of natural
protein sources derived nanoparticles (NPs) as anticancer delivery of agents for cancer therapy.
Protective Effect of the Combination of Wild-Type Genotypes (G/G and G/G) of CCR2-64V and SDF1-3A' Genes in Serodiscordant Couples in Yaounde-Cameroon
Authors: Nkenfou Céline N. , Tchakounté Constantin , Nkenfou-Tchinda Carine Nguefeu , Ngoufack Marie Nicole , Yatchou Laeticia Grace , Elong Elise , kamgaing Rachel , Tiga Aline , Ambada Georgia , Kuiate Jules Roger , Ndjolo Alexis
Published: April 2021

Background:

There is growing evidence that polymorphisms in chemokine and
chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression. However,
not much is documented about the influence of these polymorphisms in HIV serodiscordant
couples in Cameroon.

Objective:

The objective of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and the effect of
the polymorphisms of CCR5-Δ32, CCR5 promoter 59029 A/G, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3′A gene in
HIV serodiscordant couples in comparison to HIV negative seroconcordant and HIV positive seroconcordant
couples in Yaoundé-Cameroon.

Method:

A total of 96 couples were recruited from five hospitals, of which 60 couples were HIV
serodiscordant (test group), 18 HIV negative seroconcordant and 18 HIV positive seroconcordant
couples were used as controls. Their genotypes for CCR5-Δ32, CCR5 promoter, CCR2 and SDF1
were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results:

The allelic frequencies of these genes in the studied population were: 0%, 26.30%,
15.30% and 1.62% respectively for CCR5-Δ32, CCR5 promoter, CCR2 and SDF1. The frequency
of the combination of CCR5 promoter and SDF1- (A/A+ G/G) wild-type genotype was higher in
HIV-infected partners (82.92%) compared to uninfected partners (56.1%) in HIV serodiscordant
couples (p= 0.0001). The combination of wild-type CCR2 and SDF1 genotypes (G/G + G/G) was
higher among uninfected partners (80.48%) in HIV serodiscordant couples compared to the infected
partners (60.97) (p= 0.005).

Conclusion:

HIV negative partner protection against HIV/AIDS infection may be attributed to the
combination of wild-type genotypes (G/G and G/G) of CCR2 and SDF1 genes in HIV serodiscordant
couples.