bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speech and Swallowing Data in Individual Patients Who Underwent Glossectomy after Prosthetic Rehabilitation
Authors: Carvalho Viviane de , Sennes Luiz Ubirajara
Published: November 2016

Maintaining oral function in patients undergoing glossectomy boosts interventions such as prosthetic rehabilitation. However, current literature still fails in the presentation of results of prosthetic rehabilitation in relation to speech or swallowing. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of prosthetic rehabilitation on voice, speech, and swallowing in patients undergoing glossectomy by performing a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of individual cases. Studies were identified by relevant electronic database and included all dates available. The criteria used were sample with any n; resection due to malignant tumors, restricted to tongue and/or floor of mouth; type of prosthetic rehabilitation; and description of the oral functions outcomes with prosthesis. For the meta-analysis of individual data, associations between the variables of interest and the type of prosthesis were evaluated. Thirty-three of 471 articles met the selection criteria. Results on speech and/or voice and swallowing were reported in 27 and 28 articles, respectively. There were improvement of speech intelligibility and swallowing in 96 patients and in 73 patients, respectively, with prosthesis. Based on the available evidences, this article showed that prosthetic rehabilitation was able to improve oral functions and can be a strategy used with surgical reconstruction in selected cases.
A Case Report of Aggressive Angiomyxoma in Pregnancy: Do Hormones Play a Role?
Authors: Orfanelli Theofano , Kim Chi-Son , Vitez Sally F. , Van Gurp James , Misra Neeti
Published: November 2016

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare, locally invasive tumor that generally affects the perineum and pelvis of reproductive age females. Aggressive angiomyxoma is often misdiagnosed, resulting in the delay of the treatment. Case reports show increased growth of the tumor during pregnancy, thus suggesting a hormonal dependency. We report this rare condition in a 29-year-old primigravid female with a growing mass on the right labium majus at 20 weeks’ gestation. The patient also developed a smaller mass on the left labium majus at 37 weeks’ gestation. The patient underwent a primary cesarean section with resection of the right labial mass, with a final diagnosis of aggressive angiomyxoma. The lesion on her left labium majus resolved spontaneously postpartum. This case report supports a hormonal involvement in this tumor.
The Epidemiological, Morphological, and Clinical Aspects of the Cervical Ribs in Humans
Authors: Spadliński Łukasz , Cecot Tomasz , Majos Agata , Stefańczyk Ludomir , Pietruszewska Wioletta , Wysiadecki Grzegorz , Topol Mirosław , Polguj Michał
Published: November 2016

A familiarity with the anatomy of some types of bone anomalies is necessary for clinicians involved in many medical areas. The aim of this paper is to review the newest literature concerning the morphology, embryology, clinical image, and therapeutic methods of the cervical ribs in the humans. The incidence of cervical ribs has been found to vary from 0.58% in Malaysian population to 6.2% in Turkish population. Cervical ribs have clinical implications that are generally divided into neurological or vascular. This study is of particular importance for clinicians, as early identification of cervical ribs may prevent life-threatening complications.
RBF Neural Network Control for Linear Motor-Direct Drive Actuator Based on an Extended State Observer
Authors: Liu Zhi , Chen Tefang
Published: November 2016

Hydraulic power and other kinds of disturbance in a linear motor-direct drive actuator (LM-DDA) have a great impact on the performance of the system. A mathematical model of the LM-DDA system is established and a double-loop control system is presented. An extended state observer (ESO) with switched gain was utilized to estimate the influence of the hydraulic power and other load disturbances. Meanwhile, Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network was utilized to optimize the parameters in this intelligent controller. The results of the dynamic tests demonstrate the performance with rapid response and improved accuracy could be attained by the proposed control scheme.
Effect of Uniformly and Nonuniformly Coated Al2O3 Nanoparticles over Glass Tube Heater on Pool Boiling
Authors: Doifode Nitin , Gajghate Sameer , Najim Abdul , Acharya Anil , Pise Ashok
Published: November 2016

Effect of uniformly and nonuniformly coated Al2O3 nanoparticles over plain glass tube heater on pool boiling heat transfer was studied experimentally. A borosilicate glass tube coated with Al2O3 nanoparticle was used as test heater. The boiling behaviour was studied by using high speed camera. Result obtained for pool boiling shows enhancement in heat transfer for nanoparticle coated surface heater and compared with plain glass tube heater. Also heat transfer coefficient for nonuniformly coated nanoparticles was studied and compared with uniformly coated and plain glass tube. Coating effect of nanoparticles over glass tube increases its surface roughness and thereby creates more nucleation sites.
Binary Classification of Multigranulation Searching Algorithm Based on Probabilistic Decision
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2016

Multigranulation computing, which adequately embodies the model of human intelligence in process of solving complex problems, is aimed at decomposing the complex problem into many subproblems in different granularity spaces, and then the subproblems will be solved and synthesized for obtaining the solution of original problem. In this paper, an efficient binary classification of multigranulation searching algorithm which has optimal-mathematical expectation of classification times for classifying the objects of the whole domain is established. And it can solve the binary classification problems based on both multigranulation computing mechanism and probability statistic principle, such as the blood analysis case. Given the binary classifier, the negative sample ratio, and the total number of objects in domain, this model can search the minimum mathematical expectation of classification times and the optimal classification granularity spaces for mining all the negative samples. And the experimental results demonstrate that, with the granules divided into many subgranules, the efficiency of the proposed method gradually increases and tends to be stable. In addition, the complexity for solving problem is extremely reduced.
Fabrication and Super-Antibacterial Property of Nanosilver/Sericin/Poly(ethylene oxide) Nanofibers through Electrospinning-Combined Postdeposition Method
Authors: Li Jia , Wang Bo-Xiang , Cui Yi-Fan , Yu Zhi-Cai , Hao Xu , Huang Feng-Yuan , Cheng De-Hong , Lu Yan-Hua
Published: November 2016

Nanosilver particle has been used in the nanofiber mats by mixing the nanosilver with the spinning solution for improving the antibacterial property. Although studies have shown that the antibacterial property of nanofiber mats gets increasing, the higher silver content and the larger released resistance of nanosilver from nanofiber mats are obvious. Here, the electrospinning-combined postdeposition method was used to prepare the nanosilver/sericin/poly(ethylene oxide) (Ag/SS/PEO) nanofiber mats and the bacterial reduction rates againstStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) andEscherichia coli(E. coli) were analyzed. We found that the Ag/SS/PEO nanofiber mats were excellent antibacterial properties at the lower silver content and the bacterial reduction rates againstS. aureusandE. coliall reached above 99.99%. Our data suggests that the antibacterial property can be improved by introducing the electrospinning-combined postdeposition method.
Biomechanical Comparison of Modified Suture Bridge Using Rip-Stop versus Traditional Suture Bridge for Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Wu ZiYing , Zhang Chong , Zhang Peng , Chen TianWu , Chen ShiYi , Chen JiWu
Published: November 2016

Purpose. To compare the biomechanical properties of 3 suture-bridge techniques for rotator cuff repair. Methods. Twelve pair-matched fresh-frozen shoulder specimens were randomized to 3 groups of different repair types: the medially Knotted Suture Bridge (KSB), the medially Untied Suture Bridge (USB), and the Modified Suture Bridge (MSB). Cyclic loading and load-to-failure test were performed. Parameters of elongation, stiffness, load at failure, and mode of failure were recorded. Results. The MSB technique had the significantly greatest load to failure (515.6±78.0 N, P=0.04 for KSB group; P<0.001 for USB group), stiffness (58.0±10.7 N/mm, P=0.005 for KSB group; P<0.001 for USB group), and lowest elongation (1.49±0.39 mm, P=0.009 for KSB group; P=0.001 for USB group) among 3 groups. The KSB repair had significantly higher ultimate load (443.5±65.0 N) than USB repair (363.5±52.3 N, P=0.024). However, there was no statistical difference in stiffness and elongation between KSB and USB technique (P=0.396 for stiffness and P=0.242 for elongation, resp.). The failure mode for all specimens was suture pulling through the cuff tendon. Conclusions. Our modified suture bridge technique (MSB) may provide enhanced biomechanical properties when compared with medially knotted or knotless repair. Clinical Relevance. Our modified technique may represent a promising alternative in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
Progress and Paradigms in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: November 2016

Remarkable progress has been achieved in multiple myeloma, and patient median survival has been extended 3- to 4-fold. Specifically, there have been 18 newly approved treatments for multiple myeloma in the past 12 years, including seven in 2015, and the treatment paradigm and patient outcome have been transformed. The definition of patients benefitting from these therapies has been broadened. Response criteria now include minimal residual disease (MRD), assessed in bone marrow by multicolor flow cytometry or sequencing, and by imaging for extramedullary disease. Initial therapy for transplant candidates is a triplet incorporating novel therapies—that is, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone or cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone. Lenalidomide maintenance until progression can prolong progression-free and overall survival in standard-risk multiple myeloma, with incorporation of proteasome inhibitor for high-risk disease. Studies are evaluating the value of early versus late transplant and MRD as a therapeutic goal to inform therapy. In nontransplant patients, triplet therapies are also preferred, with doublet therapy reserved for frail patients, and maintenance as described above. The availability of second-generation proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), immunomodulatory drugs (pomalidomide), histone deacetylase inhibitors (panobinostat), and monoclonal antibodies (elotuzumab and daratumumab) allows for effective combination therapies of relapsed disease as well. Finally, novel therapies targeting protein degradation, restoring autologous memory anti–multiple myeloma immunity, and exploiting genetic vulnerabilities show promise to improve patient outcome even further. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5419–27. ©2016 AACR.

See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “Multiple Myeloma: Multiplying Therapies.”
Chromosomal Instability in Cell-Free DNA as a Highly Specific Biomarker for Detection of Ovarian Cancer in Women with Adnexal Masses
Authors: Vanderstichele Adriaan , Busschaert Pieter , Smeets Dominiek , Landolfo Chiara , Van Nieuwenhuysen Els , Leunen Karin , Neven Patrick , Amant Frédéric , Mahner Sven , Braicu Elena Ioana , Zeilinger Robert , Coosemans An , Timmerman Dirk , Lambrechts Diether , Vergote Ignace
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of ovarian cancer. Here, we explore copy-number alteration (CNA) profiling in cell-free DNA as a potential biomarker to detect malignancy in patients presenting with an adnexal mass.

Experimental Design: We prospectively enrolled 68 patients with an adnexal mass, of which 57 were diagnosed with invasive or borderline carcinoma and 11 with benign disease. Cell-free DNA was extracted from plasma and analyzed by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing.

Results: Patterns of chromosomal instability were detectable in cell-free DNA using 44 healthy individuals as a reference. Profiles were representative of those observed in matching tumor tissue and contained CNAs enriched in two large datasets of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Quantitative measures of chromosomal instability, referred to as genome-wide z-scores, were significantly higher in patients with ovarian carcinoma than in healthy individuals or patients with benign disease. Cell-free DNA testing improved malignancy detection (AUC 0.89) over serum CA-125 (AUC 0.78) or the risk of malignancy index (RMI, AUC 0.81). AUC values of cell-free DNA testing even further increased for HGSOC patients specifically (AUC 0.94). At a specificity of 99.6%, a theoretical threshold required for ovarian cancer screening, sensitivity of cell-free DNA testing was 2- to 5-fold higher compared with CA-125 and RMI testing.

Conclusions: This is the first study evaluating the potential of cell-free DNA for the diagnosis of primary ovarian cancer using chromosomal instability as a read-out. We present a promising method to increase specificity of presurgical prediction of malignancy in patients with adnexal masses. Clin Cancer Res; 23(9); 2223–31. ©2016 AACR.
Combined Parthenolide and Balsalazide Have Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy Through Blockade of NF-κB Activation
Authors: Kim Se-Lim , Kim Seong Hun , Park Young Ran , Liu Yu-Chuan , Kim Eun-Mi , Jeong Hwan-Jeong , Kim Yo Na , Seo Seung Young , Kim In Hee , Lee Seung Ok , Lee Soo Teik , Kim Sang-Wook
Published: November 2016

Balsalazide is a colon-specific prodrug of 5-aminosalicylate that is associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis. Parthenolide, a strong NF-κB inhibitor, has recently been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic agent, promoting apoptosis of cancer cells. In the current study, the antitumor effect of balsalazide combined with parthenolide in human colorectal cancer cells and colitis-associated colon cancers (CAC) was investigated. The results demonstrate that the combination of balsalazide and parthenolide markedly suppress proliferation, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, IκB-α phosphorylation, NF-κB DNA binding, and expression of NF-κB targets. Apoptosis via NF-κB signaling was confirmed by detecting expression of caspases, p53 and PARP. Moreover, treatment of a CAC murine model with parthenolide and balsalazide together resulted in significant recovery of body weight and improvement in histologic severity. Administration of parthenolide and balsalazide to CAC mice also suppressed carcinogenesis as demonstrated by uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) using micro-PET/CT scans. These results demonstrate that parthenolide potentiates the efficacy of balsalazide through synergistic inhibition of NF-κB activation and the combination of dual agents prevents colon carcinogenesis from chronic inflammation.

Implications: This study represents the first evidence that combination therapy with balsalazide and parthenolide could be a new regimen for colorectal cancer treatment. Mol Cancer Res; 15(2); 141–51. ©2016 AACR.
Eradication of Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Murine Xenograft Model with CD47 Blockade and Anti-CD20
Authors: Weiskopf Kipp , Anderson Katie L. , Ito Daisuke , Schnorr Peter J. , Tomiyasu Hirotaka , Ring Aaron M. , Bloink Kristin , Efe Jem , Rue Sarah , Lowery David , Barkal Amira , Prohaska Susan , McKenna Kelly M. , Cornax Ingrid , O'Brien Timothy D. , O'Sullivan M. Gerard , Weissman Irving L. , Modiano Jaime F.
Published: November 2016

Cancer immunotherapies hold much promise, but their potential in veterinary settings has not yet been fully appreciated. Canine lymphomas are among the most common tumors of dogs and bear remarkable similarity to human disease. In this study, we examined the combination of CD47 blockade with anti-CD20 passive immunotherapy for canine lymphoma. The CD47/SIRPα axis is an immune checkpoint that regulates macrophage activation. In humans, CD47 is expressed on cancer cells and enables evasion from phagocytosis. CD47-blocking therapies are now under investigation in clinical trials for a variety of human cancers. We found the canine CD47/SIRPα axis to be conserved biochemically and functionally. We identified high-affinity SIRPα variants that antagonize canine CD47 and stimulate phagocytosis of canine cancer cells in vitro. When tested as Fc fusion proteins, these therapeutic agents exhibited single-agent efficacy in a mouse xenograft model of canine lymphoma. As robust synergy between CD47 blockade and tumor-specific antibodies has been demonstrated for human cancer, we evaluated the combination of CD47 blockade with 1E4-cIgGB, a canine-specific antibody to CD20. 1E4-cIgGB could elicit a therapeutic response against canine lymphoma in vivo as a single agent. However, augmented responses were observed when combined with CD47-blocking therapies, resulting in synergy in vitro and in vivo and eliciting cures in 100% of mice bearing canine lymphoma. Our findings support further testing of CD47-blocking therapies alone and in combination with CD20 antibodies in the veterinary setting. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(12); 1072–87. ©2016 AACR.
The New Hamburg-Hannover Agitation Scale in Clinical Samples: Manifestation and Differences of Agitation in Depression, Anxiety, and Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Jung Stefanie , Proske Miriam , Kahl Kai G. , Krüger Tillmann H.C. , Wollmer M. Axel
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims: Agitation is a burdening phenomenon that occurs in a variety of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to give a first direction for agitation occurrence in depression, anxiety disorder, and borderline personality disorder (BPD) as well as in healthy controls with and without psychiatric record. Methods: Using the Hamburg-Hannover Agitation Scale (H2A), an instrument that allows for the measurement of agitation independently of the presence of a specific disorder, a patient sample (n = 158) and a healthy control group (n = 685) with (n = 94) and without (n = 591) psychiatric record were examined. The data were mainly analysed using ANOVAs and post hoc tests. Results: Patients showed significantly higher H2A agitation levels than healthy controls. Within the clinical sample, BPD patients exhibited the strongest manifestation of agitation, scoring significantly higher than the depression and the anxiety disorder sample, while these two subgroups did not significantly differ from each other. Moreover, healthy subjects with a psychiatric record experienced a significantly stronger agitation than subjects without a psychiatric record. Conclusion: Further studies are needed with larger, more balanced, and differentiated sample sizes including a wider range of clinical pictures. The results demonstrate that agitation occurs and differs in psychiatric patients as well as in healthy controls.
Extracorporeal Ultrafiltration for Acute Heart Failure: Lost Battle or Lasting Opportunity?
Authors: Koratala Abhilash , Kazory Amir
Published: November 2016

The negative prognostic impact of congestion and worsening renal function in patients with decompensated heart failure (HF) has been widely recognized. As diuretics are thought to provide suboptimal results and are associated with a number of adverse effects, a number of diuretic-sparing therapeutic strategies have been explored. Extracorporeal ultrafiltration (UF) represents an intriguing option that presumably lacks many of the untoward effects of diuretic-based regimens while portending several advantages. However, conflicting data have recently emerged in relation to some of its previously proposed beneficial effects possibly due to counterbalance of the underexplored mechanisms. Herein, the existing literature on the role of UF therapy for management of acute decompensated HF is briefly reviewed with special emphasis on its impact on surrogates of efficacy and safety such as excess fluid removal and renal function. A number of topics relevant to cardiorenal syndrome such as congestion and sodium removal are also discussed.
White Adipose Tissue and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunctions in Obesity: Pathogenesis and Available Therapies
Authors: Pagano Eleonora S. , Spinedi Eduardo , Gagliardino Juan J.
Published: November 2016

A combined neuroendocrine, metabolic, and chronobiological view can help to better understand the multiple and complex mechanisms involved in obesity development and maintenance, as well as to provide new effective approaches for its control and treatment. Indeed, we have currently updated data on the whole adipogenic process involved in white adipose tissue (WAT) mass expansion, namely due to a mechanism whereby WAT cells become hypertrophic, thus inducing a serious local (WAT) inflammatory condition that in turn, will impair not only the cross-talk between the hypothalamus and the WAT, but also favoring the development of deep and widespread neuroendocrine-metabolic dysfunction. Moreover, we also have revisited the circadian clock genes involved in dysfunctional WAT mass expansion and the mechanisms that may lead to obesity development, including early metabolic dysfunctions, enhanced oxidative stress and distorted energy homeostasis. The epigenetic changes of clock genes driving metabolic disease and obesity development have also been included in this review. Finally, we have also underlined the relevance of metabolic homeostasis regulation by central and peripheral organ clocks, sleep disturbances, nutrients, and feeding time, as key factors in obesity development as well as both, classical and chronotherapeutic approaches for its prevention and treatment.
Extended-Duration Betrixaban Reduces the Risk of Stroke Versus Standard-Dose Enoxaparin Among Hospitalized Medically Ill Patients
Authors: Gibson C. Michael , Chi Gerald , Halaby Rim , Korjian Serge , Daaboul Yazan , Jain Purva , Arbetter Douglas , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Hull Russel , Hernandez Adrian F. , Gold Alex , Bandman Olga , Harrington Robert A. , Cohen Alexander T.
Published: November 2016

Background:

Stroke is a morbid and potentially mortal complication among patients hospitalized with acute medical illness. The potential of extended-duration thromboprophylaxis with the factor Xa inhibitor betrixaban to reduce the risk of stroke compared with standard-dose enoxaparin in this population was assessed in this retrospective APEX trial substudy (Acute Medically Ill Venous Thromboembolism Prevention With Extended Duration Betrixaban).

Methods:

Hospitalized acutely medically ill subjects (n=7513) were randomized in a double-dummy double-blind fashion to either extended-duration oral betrixaban (80 mg once daily for 35–42 days) or standard-dose subcutaneous enoxaparin (40 mg once daily for 10±4 days) for venous thromboprophylaxis. Stroke events were adjudicated by an independent, blinded event adjudication committee.

Results:

The mean age of study participants was 76 years; 45% were male; 13% had had a stroke; and 45% had congestive heart failure. There were fewer all-cause strokes (0.54% versus 0.97%; relative risk [RR]=0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–0.96;
P
=0.032; adjusted RR=0.43%; number needed to treat=233) and ischemic strokes (0.48% versus 0.91%; RR=0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.30–0.94;
P
=0.026; adjusted RR=0.43%; number needed to treat=233) among patients treated with betrixaban versus enoxaparin through 77 days of follow-up. Among high-risk subjects, those with congestive heart failure or ischemic stroke as their index event, betrixaban reduced the risk of all-cause stroke (0.72% versus 1.48%; RR=0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.26–0.90;
P
=0.019; adjusted RR=0.76%; number needed to treat=132) and ischemic stroke (0.63% versus 1.38%; RR=0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–0.87;
P
=0.014; adjusted RR=0.75%; number needed to treat=134) compared with enoxaparin.

Conclusions:

Among hospitalized medically ill patients, extended-duration betrixaban significantly reduced all-cause stroke and ischemic stroke through 77 days of follow-up

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01583218.
Recurrent Hospitalization Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Intracoronary Stenting Treated With 2 Treatment Strategies of Rivaroxaban or a Dose-Adjusted Oral Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment Strategy
Authors: Gibson C. Michael , Pinto Duane S. , Chi Gerald , Arbetter Douglas , Yee Megan , Mehran Roxana , Bode Christoph , Halperin Jonathan , Verheugt Freek W.A. , Wildgoose Peter , Burton Paul , van Eickels Martin , Korjian Serge , Daaboul Yazan , Jain Purva , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Cohen Marc , Peterson Eric D. , Fox Keith A.A.
Published: November 2016

Background:

Patients with atrial fibrillation who undergo intracoronary stenting traditionally are treated with a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) plus dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), yet this treatment leads to high risks of bleeding. We hypothesized that a regimen of rivaroxaban plus a P2Y
12
inhibitor monotherapy or rivaroxaban plus DAPT could reduce bleeding and thereby have a favorable impact on all-cause mortality and the need for rehospitalization.

Methods:

Stented subjects with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (n=2124) were randomized 1:1:1 to administration of reduced-dose rivaroxaban 15 mg daily plus a P2Y
12
inhibitor for 12 months (group 1); rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily with stratification to a prespecified duration of DAPT of 1, 6, or 12 months (group 2); or the reference arm of dose-adjusted VKA daily with a similar DAPT stratification (group 3). The present post hoc analysis assessed the end point of all-cause mortality or recurrent hospitalization for an adverse event, which was further classified as the result of bleeding, a cardiovascular cause, or another cause blinded to treatment assignment.

Results:

The risk of all-cause mortality or recurrent hospitalization was 34.9% in group 1 (hazard ratio=0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–0.94;
P
=0.008 versus group 3; number needed to treat=15), 31.9% in group 2 (hazard ratio=0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.62–0.90;
P
=0.002 versus group 3; number needed to treat=10), and 41.9% in group 3 (VKA+DAPT). Both all-cause death plus hospitalization potentially resulting from bleeding (group 1=8.6% [
P
=0.032 versus group 3], group 2=8.0% [
P
=0.012 versus group 3], and group 3=12.4%) and all-cause death plus rehospitalization potentially resulting from a cardiovascular cause (group 1=21.4% [
P
=0.001 versus group 3], group 2=21.7% [
P
=0.011 versus group 3], and group 3=29.3%) were reduced in the rivaroxaban arms compared with the VKA arm, but other forms of rehospitalization were not.

Conclusions:

Among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing intracoronary stenting, administration of either rivaroxaban 15 mg daily plus P2Y
12
inhibitor monotherapy or 2.5 mg rivaroxaban twice daily plus DAPT was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality or recurrent hospitalization for adverse events compared with standard-of-care VKA plus DAPT.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01830543.
Effect of Intensive Versus Standard Clinic-Based Hypertension Management on Ambulatory Blood Pressure
Authors: Drawz Paul E. , Pajewski Nicholas M. , Bates Jeffrey T. , Bello Natalie A. , Cushman William C. , Dwyer Jamie P. , Fine Lawrence J. , Goff David C. , Haley William E. , Krousel-Wood Marie , McWilliams Andrew , Rifkin Dena E. , Slinin Yelena , Taylor Addison , Townsend Raymond , Wall Barry , Wright Jackson T. , Rahman Mahboob ,   for the SPRINT Study Research Group
Published: November 2016

The effect of clinic-based intensive hypertension treatment on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is unknown. The goal of the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) ambulatory BP ancillary study was to evaluate the effect of intensive versus standard clinic-based BP targets on ambulatory BP. Ambulatory BP was obtained within 3 weeks of the 27-month study visit in 897 SPRINT participants. Intensive treatment resulted in lower clinic systolic BP (mean difference between groups=16.0 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 14.1–17.8 mm Hg), nighttime systolic BP (mean difference=9.6 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 7.7–11.5 mm Hg), daytime systolic BP (mean difference=12.3 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 10.6–13.9 mm Hg), and 24-hour systolic BP (mean difference=11.2 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 9.7–12.8 mm Hg). The night/day systolic BP ratio was similar between the intensive (0.92±0.09) and standard-treatment groups (0.91±0.09). There was considerable lack of agreement within participants between clinic systolic BP and daytime ambulatory systolic BP with wide limits of agreement on Bland–Altman plots. In conclusion, targeting a systolic BP of <120 mm Hg, when compared with <140 mm Hg, resulted in lower nighttime, daytime, and 24-hour systolic BP, but did not change the night/day systolic BP ratio. Ambulatory BP monitoring may be required to assess the effect of targeted hypertension therapy on out of office BP. Further studies are needed to assess whether targeting hypertension therapy based on ambulatory BP improves clinical outcomes.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01835249.
Hydrogen Peroxide‐Responsive Nanoparticle Reduces Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Bae Soochan , Park Minhyung , Kang Changsun , Dilmen Serkan , Kang Tae Hi , Kang Dong Goo , Ke Qingen , Lee Seung Uk , Lee Dongwon , Kang Peter M.
Published: November 2016

Background

During myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), a large amount of reactive oxygen species (
ROS
) is produced. In particular, overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) is considered to be a main cause of I/R‐mediated tissue damage. We generated novel H
2
O
2
‐responsive antioxidant polymer nanoparticles (
PVAX
and
HPOX
) that are able to target the site of
ROS
overproduction and attenuate the oxidative stress‐associated diseases. In this study, nanoparticles were examined for their therapeutic effect on myocardial I/R injury.

Methods and Results

The therapeutic effect of nanoparticles during cardiac I/R was evaluated in mice. A single dose of
PVAX
(3 mg/kg) showed a significant improvement in both cardiac output and fraction shortening compared with poly(lactic‐coglycolic acid) (
PLGA
) particle, a non‐H
2
O
2
‐activatable nanoparticle.
PVAX
also significantly reduced the myocardial infarction/area compared with
PLGA
(48.7±4.2 vs 14.5±2.1). In addition,
PVAX
effectively reduced caspase‐3 activation and
TUNEL
‐positive cells compared with
PLGA
. Furthermore,
PVAX
significantly decreased
TNF
‐α and
MCP
‐1 m
RNA
levels. To explore the antioxidant effect of
PVAX
by scavenging
ROS
, dihydroethidium staining was used as an indicator of
ROS
generation.
PVAX
effectively suppressed the generation of
ROS
caused by I/R, whereas a number of dihydroethidium‐positive cells were observed in a group with
PLGA
I/R. In addition,
PVAX
significantly reduced the level of
NADPH
oxidase (
NOX
) 2 and 4 expression, which favors the reduction in
ROS
generation after I/R.

Conclusions

Taken together, these results suggest that H
2
O
2
‐responsive antioxidant
PVAX
has tremendous potential as a therapeutic agent for myocardial I/R injury.
Impact of Insurance Status on Outcomes and Use of Rehabilitation Services in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Findings From Get With The Guidelines‐Stroke
Authors: Medford‐Davis Laura N. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Xu Haolin , Smith Eric E. , Suter Robert , Peterson Eric D. , Xian Ying , Matsouaka Roland A. , Schwamm Lee H.
Published: November 2016

Background

Insurance status affects access to care, which may affect health outcomes. The objective was to determine whether patients without insurance or with government‐sponsored insurance had worse quality of care or in‐hospital outcomes in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

Multivariable logistic regressions with generalized estimating equations stratified by age under or at least 65 years were adjusted for patient demographics and comorbidities, presenting factors, and hospital characteristics to determine differences in in‐hospital mortality and postdischarge destination. We included 589 320 ischemic stroke patients treated at 1604 US hospitals participating in the Get With The Guidelines‐Stroke program between 2012 and 2015. Uninsured patients with hypertension, high cholesterol, or diabetes mellitus were less likely to be taking appropriate control medications prior to stroke, to use an ambulance to arrive to the
ED
, or to arrive early after symptom onset. Even after adjustment, the uninsured were more likely than the privately insured to die in the hospital (<65 years,
OR
1.33 [95%
CI
1.22‐1.45]; ≥65 years
OR
1.54 [95%
CI
1.34‐1.75]), and among survivors, were less likely to go to inpatient rehab (<65
OR
0.63 [95%
CI
0.6‐0.67]; ≥65
OR
0.56 [95%
CI
0.5‐0.63]). In contrast, patients with Medicare and Medicaid were more likely to be discharged to a Skilled Nursing Facility (<65 years
OR
2.08 [
CI
1.96‐2.2];
OR
2.01 [95%
CI
1.91‐2.13]; ≥65 years
OR
1.1 [95%
CI
1.07‐1.13];
OR
1.41 [95%
CI
1.35‐1.46]).

Conclusions

Preventative care prior to ischemic stroke, time to presentation for acute treatment, access to rehabilitation, and in‐hospital mortality differ by patient insurance status.
A Perhaps Less Halakic Jesus and Purity
Authors: Kazen Thomas
Published: November 2016

Purity practices during the first century ce were widespread in Judaea and Galilee as part of everyday life and not limited to concerns relating to the temple cult. Developments in key water rites were partly triggered by concepts of graded impurity, to which an understanding of defilement via food also belonged. Certain rabbinic characteristics represent later developments and cannot be assumed for the time of Jesus. Hand impurity did not originate as a rabbinic decree to protect tĕrûmâ, and accusations against Pharisees for setting aside Scripture in favour of their own traditions did not originate with the historical Jesus, but suggest later polemics. Jesus’ stance on purity is perhaps better characterized as prophetic than halakic.
A Response to Porter and Pitts’ ‘Wright’s Critical Realism in Context’
Authors: Bernier Jonathan
Published: November 2016

In The Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus 13 (2015) Stanley Porter and Andrew Pitts contributed an article in which they sought to situate N.T. Wright’s critical realism in its philosophical context. Although they correctly identify the philosophical context for this critical realism as the work of Bernard Lonergan, particularly as mediated for New Testament studies by Ben F. Meyer, this response will argue that they fail to adequately address the Lonerganian context. Reasons will be identified for this failure. An effort to better, albeit succinctly, present the rudiments of Lonergan’s critical realism will round out the article.
Erasmus the Theologian
Authors: Kroeker Greta Grace
Published: November 2016

Erasmus of Rotterdam developed from a classical humanist to a Christian humanist theologian in the first two decades of the sixteenth century. In the early years of the Reformation, his theological work responded to the theological debates of the age. Although many contemporaries dismissed him as a theologian, he developed a mature theology of grace before his death in 1536 that evidenced his efforts to create space for theological compromise between Protestants and Catholics and prevent the permanent fissure of western Christianity.
The Mimetic Paraphrase
Authors: Leushuis Reinier
Published: November 2016

The mimetic aspects of speech, the spoken word, and dialogical exchange that distinguish the miracle narratives of the first half of Erasmus’s Paraphrase on John constitute a unique implementation of Erasmus’s reader-oriented Philosophia Christi. They efficiently apply the poetics of speech that characterize the theology of Christ’s inverbation in John 1:1 to the genre of the paraphrase for the sake of imitatio. The Erasmian paraphrase reveals itself as the ideal textual medium to exploit the transformative capacities of the incarnate Word and its poetics of speech and verbal transmission in order to perform the gradual acquisition of faith in the individual reader’s mind and, by extension, in the sphere of thought and action of the imagined listeners in the paraphrase’s homiletic community. Moreover, these examples illustrate the remarkably literary notion of mimesis in Erasmus’s paraphrastic text.
Decentering the Dialogic: Lacan with Bakhtin
Authors: Ascroft Eward
Published: November 2016

This paper will argue that the structure of Dostoevsky’s poetics is constituted around the phenomenology of shame and the gaze. Dostoevsky should be read not only inter-textually or as historical object but critically, with Lacanian psychoanalysis and the European philosophical canon.
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Positioning Dostoevsky at the limit separating the theological tradition and European philosophical positivism, our analysis will present him as a precursor to psychoanalytic and phenomenological concepts of subjectivity of the 19th and 20th centuries. In this sense Dostoevsky with Lacan can be used to re-frame and situate Bakhtinian concepts of the dialogical; a re-reading that makes more explicit the radical ideas inherent in Bakhtin’s work but at once problematises some of these ideas in terms of the implicit structure of the subject and inter-subjectivity.
Bakhtin and Lyric Poetry
Authors: Kulcsár-Szabó Zoltán
Published: November 2016

This essay reopens the issue of lyric monologism. Widely considered as a weak point in Bakhtin’s genre theory, the conception of the monologic structure of lyric poetry has attracted many attempts at corrections of that concept, drawing attention to the unquestionable dialogical tendencies in poetry. Instead of providing further arguments in this vein, the essay provisionally accepts poetry’s monologism as a starting point and discusses some of the key elements of the conception in its early version (that is, Bakhtin’s account of the chorus as lyrical authority in Author and Hero in Aesthetic Activity). In a further step, it addresses Bakhtin’s contradictory approach to the category of trope in poetry, an issue brought to the fore by Paul de Man’s somewhat enigmatic commentary on The Discourse in the Novel. Finally, it raises the question whether there is a real contradiction between the structure of the trope and the internal dialogism attributed to prosaic discourse in Bakhtin’s view. In order to discuss this issue, one has to reconsider Bakthin’s (and Voloshinov’s) notion of “intonational metaphor” and their implicit distinction between dialogism and citationality.
The Metaphysical Dimension of Dialogicity
Authors: Vladiv-Glover Slobodanka
Published: November 2016

In this essay, a theoretical connection is posited between the “third type” of word in Mikhail Bakhtin’s typology of discourse, and the phenomenological gaze as defined by Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Starting from an aesthetic definition of perception, originating in Charles Baudelaire’s “Salon” series on art, the essay goes on to claim that in Dostoevsky’s works, Bakhtin uncovered the representation of the process of perception, encapsulated in the representation of “the word” (slovo) as a function of the unconscious processes of language. In Dostoevsky’s poetics, this represented word is the word in the stream-of-consciousness of his fictional characters which defines the embedded narrative structure of the polyphonic novel. However, Dostoevsky’s dialogic word, as described by Bakhtin, is an on-stage embodiment of dialogicity in the communication situation. This dialogic word transcends the structural dimension of narrative. The point of view, which Bakhtin describes as the entire mental orientedness («цeльнaя дуxoвнaя уcтaнoвкa») of the speaker, belongs to the phenomenology of “the gaze,” which is outlined in aesthetics and poststructural (psychoanalytic) theory as the salient feature of representation in the art and literature of modernity.
The Word as Dialogue: The Lyrical Apostrophe vis-à-vis the Dialogic Theory of Mikhail Bakhtin
Authors: Szávai Dorottya
Published: November 2016

The present paper aims to explore aspects of Bakhtin’s dialogic model and, in a wider sense, of discourse and language theory, which can be related to the dialogic structures of the lyrical genre.

We propose to reread Bakhtin’s dialogic theory, approaching it from other (mainly postmodern) literary discourses, and to situate Bakhtin’s oeuvre, which “stands alone” and is hard to fit into theoretical trends, in literary theory.

We consider it especially significant to approach the dialogic devices of Bakhtin’s theory from the perspective of literary hermeneutics and deconstruction.
Achnanthidium sinense sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China
Authors: LIU BING , BLANCO SAÚL , LONG HUA , XU JINGJING , JIANG XIAOYAN
Published: November 2016

Achnanthidium sinense sp. nov., a new diatom species from the Wuling Mountains Area, central China, was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The valvar dimensions of this species are relatively large with respect to average Achnathidium taxa. The valves are narrowly lanceolate with round, acute apices. Only a few striae in the middle part of both valves can be resolved under light microscopy. The axial area of raphe valve is linear-lanceolate and the distal raphe fissures hook towards the same side of the valve. Striae are slightly radiate throughout both valves except at the apices of the raphe valve, where they become parallel or slightly convergent. The number of areolae in each stria on the rapheless valve is usually greater than that on the raphe valve (1–7 vs. 1–6). Around the central areas of both valves, sometimes short marginal striae composed of 1–3 areolae are present. Valve mantle possesses a row of slit-like areolae and 2–3 notches. A. sinense is compared with the similar species A. exile and other large species. A. sinense is epilithic and lives in freshwater habitats.
Effectiveness of DNA barcoding markers in the description of a new and unusual calyptrate species of Myrcianthes (Myrtaceae)
Authors: PARRA-O. CARLOS , BOHÓRQUEZ-OSORIO A. F.
Published: November 2016

A new species, Myrcianthes roncesvallensis is described and illustrated from Andean forests of Tolima, Colombia. Due to the unusual combination of morphological characters in this new species never been found previously in a Colombian Myrtaceae, such as having a closed calyx, dichasial inflorescence and an eugenioid embryo, three DNA barcoding markers (rbcL, matK and ITS) were used to confirm the genus in which this species should be described. Taxonomic affinities of the new species within the genus are discussed.
Miliusa sahyadrica, a new species of Annonaceae from the Western Ghats, India
Authors: RAJKUMAR GOPALAPRABHU , ALISTER MOHAN , NAZARUDEEN AHAMMED , PANDURANGAN ALAGRAMAM GOVINDASAMY
Published: November 2016

Miliusa Leschenault ex A. de Candolle (1832: 213) is a Paleotropical genus in the family Annonaceae with about 60 species distributed mostly to the Austral-Asiatic region, ranging from India, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Malay Islands, Philippines, Papua New Guinea to Australia and New Zealand (Mols & Keßler 2003,Chaowasku & Keßler 2013, Chaowasku et al. 2013). According to molecular phylogenetic analysis, the genus is placed in subfamily Malmeoideae, tribe Miliuseae (Chatrou et al. 2012). Thailand and India are considered as the centres of diversity for Miliusa with more than twenty species each (Mols & Keßler 2003, Chaowasku & Keßler 2013, Chaowasku et al. 2013, Turner 2015). A total of 23 species and one variety of the genus are so far recorded from India (Mitra 1993, Karthikeyan et al. 2009, Turner 2015, Page & Nerlekar 2016, Page et al. 2016, Josekutty et al. 2016, Karuppusamy & Richard 2016). Among these, 15 species and one variety are reported from the Western Ghats of India. Except for four species, namely M. indica Leschenault ex A. de Candolle (1832: 213), M. horsfieldii (Bennett 1840: 165) Pierre (1881: 38), M. tomentosa (Roxburgh: 1795: 31. t. 35.) Sinclair (1955: 378) and M. velutina (Dunal) Hooker & Thomson (1855: 151), all are endemic to that region (Nayar et al. 2014). As a whole, the genus is phytogeographically significant to Western Ghats with 71% of the species being endemics, which makes the genus more important from conservation point of view.
The taxonomic implication of frontal tubercles in Polypedilum subgenera
diagnoses, with re-description of Polypedilum isigabeceum Sasa & Suzuki
(Diptera, Chironomidae)
Authors: YAMAMOTO NAO , YAMAMOTO MASARU
Published: November 2016

Polypedilum isigabeceum Sasa et Suzuki, 2000 was described as belonging to subgenus Polypedilum s. str. However, if we accept the conclusion of Sæther et al. (2010), the species might be placed into Kribionympha with P. unagiquartum Sasa, 1985 because of the presence of distinct frontal tubercles in the adult males. However, other taxonomic characters do not support their treatment. P. isigabeceum is re-described and reconfirmed to be assigned to the subgenus Polypedilum s. str. The taxonomic meaning of frontal tubercles is discussed for defining the subgeneric rankings within genus Polypedilum.
Croatian freshwater oligochaetes: species diversity, distribution and relationship to surrounding countries
Authors: KEROVEC MLADEN , KEROVEC MAJA , BRIGIĆ ANDREJA
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a checklist of the freshwater oligochaetes of Croatia, including data related to the ecoregions, river basins and habitat types in which species were recorded. The checklist is based on literature data and new records from unpublished research conducted since 1975. A total of 71 freshwater oligochaete species were recorded at 345 sampling sites. The family Naididae was most species rich (31 species), followed by the family Tubificidae (27 species), Lumbriculidae (6 species) and Pristinidae (4 species). The families Haplotaxidae, Propappidae and Lumbricidae were least diverse, with only one species recorded for each. Approximately two-thirds of the oligochaete species occurred in both the Dinaric western Balkan and the Pannonian lowland ecoregions. Similar patterns in species richness were detected for the Black Sea and the Adriatic Sea basins. Species richness varied between habitat types, with rivers as the most speciose habitats. In comparison to adjacent countries, the Croatian oligochaete fauna was most similar to that of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary and Austria.
Checklist of the earthworms (Oligochaeta) of Kerala, a constituent of Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India
Authors: NARAYANAN S. PRASANTH , SATHRUMITHRA S. , CHRISTOPHER G. , THOMAS A.P. , JULKA J.M.
Published: November 2016

A checklist of earthworm species hitherto known from Kerala, a constituent of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot in India, is presented. In total, 88 species and subspecies are recorded, of which 55 are Kerala endemics, 9 near endemics, 14 exotics and 10 native peregrines. These belong to 26 genera and 9 families. The checklist includes the literature citation to the original description, type locality, any significant subsequent generic placements, and the district distributional pattern for each species/ subspecies.