bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Impact of Pores on Rock Damage during Thermal Spalling Drilling
Authors: Liu Weiji , Yang Feilong , Zhu Xiaohua
Published: October 2023

Numerous microcracks and pores in geological rock formations cause early flaws. High temperatures increase these fractures and pores, thermally damaging reservoir rocks and changing the rock failure mechanism. However, research on pores' high-temperature thermal spalling and fragmentation effects on heterogeneous rocks is sparse. This study built a finite element numerical model of heterogeneous granite rock thermal damage with pores based on rock thermal fracture theory and the Voronoi method and explored the mechanism under varied pore settings. The research's findings indicate that the application of high temperatures to local heterogeneous porous rocks results in a higher proportion of tensile damage. The proportion of shear damage and tensile damage constantly varies due to the changing position and shape of the pores. The rock's porosity has the effect of decreasing temperature in the direction of heat transfer while increasing the extent of temperature transfer along the pore parallel to the heating surface. The potential degree of damage increases as the density of pores increases, the distances between them decrease, and the pore lengths increase. The thermal damage resulting from heating in the vicinity of the pore is primarily localized in the area between the pore and the heated surface. This effect becomes more significant as the distance between them decreases. The findings of this study can serve as a theoretical framework for understanding the impact of rock pores on rock thermal fracturing and fragmentation in the thermal spalling-assisted development of deep oil and gas resources.
Historical Change of Educational Metaphors and Its Relation to Politics
Authors: Dainys Augustinas
Published: October 2023

The article describes three metaphorically designated educational conceptions: the antique notion of the educator as a sculptor, the new age notion of the educator as a gardener, and our era’s emerging educator as a guide. All conceptions of education provide a specific answer to the problem of education, which consists of the fact that a human being is defined to be undefined, therefore the formation of a person depends on the educator. The educator as a sculptor addresses this problem by forcing a preconceived conception of reason on learners. The educator as a gardener accepts every learner and educates him or her by dealing with their individual capacities. The educator as a guide combines the educational method of the sculptor and the gardener: as a sculptor has a vision of the educational process, and as a gardener attempts that every learner walks this path himself or herself. The educational conception of the educator as a sculptor is socialist and the conception of the educator as a gardener is liberal. The educator as a guide corresponds to the emerging new conception of politics in our time, which has a task of reconciling socialism and liberalism.
Dictionaries and Machine Translation: What Do Learners of Lithuanian as a Foreign Language Choose?
Authors: Valančiauskienė Aušra
Published: October 2023

This article presents the results of research on using electronic dictionaries and machine translation tools when learning Lithuanian as a foreign language. The aim of this study was to indicate which dictionaries and machine translation tools are used for which purposes and what kinds of difficulties learners experience while using them. The research data were obtained by conducting an anonymous online poll in Lithuanian and English (using Google Forms). The questionnaire contained 15 questions. The participants in the study were chosen by way of availability sampling. The survey was carried out at Vilnius University in March 2023 with 67 respondents: 11 in Lithuanian and 56 in English. The study revealed that when learning Lithuanian as a foreign language, the respondents used both dictionaries and automatic translation tools. Most often, both tools were used for translation from and into Lithuanian. The types of language activities for which these tools were used were reading, writing, and partly listening. Only the respondents to English questionnaires used the mentioned tools for speaking. When learning Lithuanian, both monolingual and bilingual dictionaries were used, but monolingual dictionaries were used more than bilingual ones: 46.27% of respondents used monolingual dictionaries, and 31.34% used bilingual dictionaries.The study confirmed the researchers’ claim that monolingual dictionaries are used more by respondents with a higher level of language proficiency. Automatic translation tools were used by all respondents. The most popular of them is Google Translate, followed by DeepL. Other tools – Reverso, Bing Microsoft Translator, Systran Translate, Yandex Translate, and Lingea – are used by a few and only English questionnaire respondents. Dictionaries were consulted for the meaning of an unknown word, for synonyms, to confirm the meaning and spelling, to find usage examples, the field of the word used, and stress. Automatic translation is used for unknown words, phrases, and sentences to hear the pronunciation and find usage examples. The most common difficulties in using dictionaries were: unclear definitions of words and abbreviations; no text-to-speech function; too few usage examples; and unclear or missing examples. Weaknesses of automatic translation tools indicated by respondents: poor translation quality; lack of a search function; no examples of usage; no text-to-speech.
Family Language Policy: the Maintenance of Latvian as a Heritage Language in the Diaspora
Authors: Martena Sanita
Published: October 2023

This article explores the concept of family language policy in relation to child agency and parents’ discourse strategies in the context of the Latvian diaspora. Research is based on four interviews with parents from three countries: the United Kingdom, Norway and Greece. Respondents were recruited through Saturday/Sunday schools in the diaspora, addressing Latvian speakers who work there or whose children attend these schools. Both parents of all four families analysed in this study use Latvian at home. Data were collected using the Zoom platform during spring 2023 and are part of a larger study about family language policies in the diaspora. Currently, data are also gathered using methods such as audio recordings of interactions between parents and children and online classroom observations in Latvian (Saturday) schools. The main research questions for this article are: which language ideologies underlie language practices (language choices) at home involving parents and children, and which parental discourse strategies are used in families with regard to the multilingual language practices of their children.
Intergenerational Divide: Can One Motivational Approach Drive Them All?
Authors: Viržintaitė-Banienė Eglė
Published: October 2023

In the past decade, Human Resource professionals have faced an increasing challenge in dealing with issues related to intergenerational divide in the workplace, as four different cohorts coexist. This divide is influenced by a variety of factors such as increased life expectancy, rapidly evolving technologies, the era of social networks, declining demographics, and many others. Moreover, the turbulences in the world over the last few years, such as the Global pandemic, have only highlighted existing problems and presented additional challenges. Motivating employees is inherently a complex issue, and dealing with generational differences becomes even more so. Due to that, organizations, their HR professionals, and managers are confronted with the question of whether it is possible to create a single motivational system for employees of all generations, or whether a tailor-made approach is needed. Even though it is nearly impossible to answer the mentioned question unequivocally, the goal, while writing this article, was at least to move towards the point of better understanding. After analysing multiple studies carried out by various scholars, as well as research papers, not only generational differences were touched upon, but also similarities in the context of motivation. Moreover, four motivation drives were characterized, which, as it turned out, correlate quite closely with the main similarities of cohorts in the context of motivation
Evaluation of the association between self-reported sleep bruxism and chronotype and sleep quality among dental students
Authors: Araújo Luíza Jordânia Serafim de , Lima Larissa Chaves Morais de , Bernardino Veruska Medeiros Martins , Leal Tiago Ribeiro , Granja Gélica Lima , Dias Ricardo Bernardo , Serra-Negra Junia Maria Cheib , Neves Érick Tássio Barbosa , Paiva Saul Martins , Granville-Garcia Ana Flávia
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Background Sleep bruxism (BS) is defined as involuntary jaw movements characterized by grinding and clenching teeth. Objective To verify the association between chronotype, sleep quality, and self-reporting of BS in dental students. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with 214 undergraduate dental students at a public university in northeast Brazil. The participants answered the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire for the identification of chronotype and another questionnaire regarding daily aspects to collect information about sleep quality, self-reported sleep bruxism, the use of sleeping pills, snoring, concentration during daily activities and energy upon waking. Results The prevalence of self-reported sleep bruxism was 11.0%. In the final model, the eveningness chronotype (OR = 23.00; 95% CI: 2.36-223.84, p = 0.007), habitual snoring (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.31-7.39, p = 0.01) and low energy upon waking in the morning (OR = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.96-5.58, p = 0.040) were associated with self-reported sleep bruxism. Conclusion The evening chronotype, presence of snoring, and low energy when waking up in the morning influenced self-reporting of sleep bruxism among undergraduate dental students.
Invariância das equações de Maxwell por transformações de Lorentz: pontes conceituais via derivação como alternativa ao cálculo tensorial
Authors: Silva Filho Olavo Leopoldino da , Ferreira Marcello
Published: October 2023

Na tradição do campo disciplinar da Física, e nos respectivos manuais didáticos, a invariância das equações de Maxwell por transformações de Lorentz é usualmente apresentada via cálculo tensorial, do que decorre que seu ensino seja postergado até que (supostamente) os estudantes-alvo dominem esse formalismo. Isso pode acarretar, em disputas curriculares as mais disformes, que muitos sequer tenham acesso instrucional a esse tópico, com relevantes implicações para o conhecimento avançado da Física Moderna e Contemporânea. Desse diagnóstico, desenvolvemos uma alternativa de se proceder àquela apresentação usando-se apenas operações básicas da derivação, como a regra da cadeia. Na direção dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem associáveis, sustentamo-nos no aporte teórico das pontes conceituais, por nós desenvolvido a partir da epistemologia cognitiva de objeto homólogo de Gérard Vergnaud. Esse artifício de congruência referencial buscou estabelecer a transitabilidade das maneiras, sem hierarquização, mas com evidente implicação de que a alternativa demonstrada poderia facilmente ser introduzida em disciplinas iniciais de Eletromagnetismo, tipicamente realizadas no primeiro ciclo dos cursos de Física e Engenharia, contribuindo para a retomada progressiva do assunto em módulos avançados.
Nursing care in a long-term care facility for older people in the context of COVID-19: scoping review
Authors: Silva Rutielle Ferreira , Gallo Sivia Mary Calveira , Silva Fernanda Lorrany , Santos Ana Maria Ribeiro dos , Figueiredo Maria do Livramento Fortes
Published: October 2023

Abstract Objective To Identify the scientific evidence on nursing care for older people in a long-term care facility in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method This scoping review was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual guidelines. The question was formulated from the acronym PCC, in which “P” corresponded to “older people, “C” to “nursing care” and “C” to “COVID-19”. The search for scientific evidence was carried out on the LILACS, MEDLINE®, CINAHL® and Web of ScienceTM databases. Articles retrieved using controlled and uncontrolled descriptors, and those from gray literature, websites and repositories were analysed. Descriptive and critical analysis of statistics from the studies was performed. Results The final study sample consisted of 14 scientific publications. Most of the output constituted technical reports (35.7%) published in Brazil (64.28%). Nursing care was categorized under: managerial interventions; educational interventions; care interventions, especially those forts preventing and controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2, residents with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, and handling the corpse in the event of death; interventions facilitating communication between residents and their family/friends and between this group and the nurse; in addition to emotional support interventions for professionals/caregivers and residents. Conclusion Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing care is essential to prevent and control the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Desafios no cuidado de crianças nascidas de mães com diagnóstico de COVID-19 durante a pandemia
Authors: Poty Nalma Alexandra Rocha de Carvalho , Oliveira Poliana Soares de , Thomaz Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca , Cutrim Naara Rayane Moura , Carvalho Ruth Helena de Souza Britto Ferreira de , Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e , Coimbra Tatiana Raquel Selbmann , Lamy Zeni Carvalho
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os desafios no cuidado de crianças nascidas de mães com COVID-19 durante a pandemia. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada de novembro de 2020 a maio de 2021, em duas maternidades públicas, com mulheres que tiveram filhos na primeira onda da pandemia, diagnosticadas com COVID-19, durante a gestação e/ou parto. Realizaram-se 19 entrevistas semiestruturadas com análise temática. Utilizou-se do Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico. Resultados: Identificaram-se mudanças nos cuidados a crianças recém-nascidas. No ambiente doméstico, as medidas de higiene com o recém-nascido foram redobradas, o isolamento social restringiu a rede de apoio e as mães se sentiram sozinhas e sobrecarregadas. No âmbito assistencial, houve retrocesso no cuidado neonatal e interrupção de cuidados profissionais, como suspensão de consultas. Conclusão: A pandemia reestruturou os modelos tradicionais de cuidados familiares, intensificou as dificuldades de acesso à saúde e expôs as crianças a riscos inerentes à falta de acompanhamento.
Intervenção educativa sobre obstrução das vias respiratórias para professores de educação infantil: estudo quase-experimental
Authors: Langwinski Adriano , Almeida Ana Maria de , Zilly Adriana , Mayer Paulo César Morales , Wysocki Anneliese Domingues , Cicchelero Laiz Mangini , Ferreira Helder , Antonio Silva-Sobrinho Reinaldo
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa sobre a obstrução de vias aéreas e a técnica de desobstrução, em professores de Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil de um município do Oeste do Paraná. Método: Estudo quase-experimental do tipo pré e pós-teste. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário com trinta questões para avaliar o conhecimento sobre a temática. Para as análises utilizou-se os testes de Qui-quadrado e McNemar, com α = 5% de significância. Resultados: Após o treinamento, houve o aumento de 16,22% no número de acertos das questões que tratavam do reconhecimento da obstrução (<0,0001) e da técnica de desobstrução das vias aéreas (<0,0001). Conclusão: A intervenção melhorou o conhecimento dos professores dos Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil, quanto a identificação e a técnica de desobstrução das vias aéreas em crianças de idade escolar.
Self-care of informal male workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the light of Orem’s theory
Authors: Guerra Kauana Meire Pereira , Corrêa Áurea Christina de Paula , Oliveira Jeane Cristina Anschau Xavier de , Alvarenga Eric Campos , Rosa Isabele Torquato Mozer
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the self-care requirements of informal male workers in carrying out their activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the light of Orem’s theory. Method: Qualitative approach, with an exploratory descriptive nature. Data collection was conducted through a closed questionnaire, with questions that refer to the self-care requirements and semi-structured interviews, both conducted in a virtual environment. Ten men working as delivery workers and app drivers participated. Data analysis was performed using thematic content analysis. Results: The diagnosis of the self-care requirements performed by each of the interviewees was presented. Final considerations: The work performed by the participants influences the self-care requirements of the population studied, and it is possible to infer that as specializations of these requirements occur, they are no longer performed or are practiced superficially.
Cuidados paliativos en una metodología de enseñanza activa
Authors: Regis Júlia Mesquita , Nunes Alessandra Vitória de Menezes , Brito Letícia Ferreira Santos , Melo Maria Beatriz Meneses , Conceição Marcos Vinícius da , Vasconcelos Maiane Cássia de Castro , Mattos Roberta Machado Pimentel Rebello de , Pimentel Déborah
Published: October 2023

Resumen Este estudio evalúa el conocimiento de cuidados paliativos por los estudiantes de medicina de los últimos años en universidades que adoptan la metodología de aprendizaje basado en problemas en el Noreste de Brasil. El 78% de los estudiantes no tenía suficiente información sobre la atención a pacientes terminales, y solo el 55% conocía la definición de cuidados paliativos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Respecto a los conocimientos específicos, los estudiantes demostraron un insatisfactorio nivel de precisión en los dominios disnea, problemas psiquiátricos y gastrointestinales, aceptable en el dominio dolor y excelente en la filosofía de cuidados paliativos y habilidades de comunicación. En el internado adquirieron conocimientos sobre el manejo del dolor, la disnea y los problemas psiquiátricos. Se constató que los estudiantes tienen contacto con el tema, pero presentan un déficit significativo en temas relacionados con el manejo de los síntomas comunes en los cuidados paliativos.
Reflexão ética sobre a teleconsulta
Authors: Capelo Marta , Lopes Nuno , Rosa Bárbara Santa , Silvestre Margarida
Published: October 2023

Resumo As tecnologias da informação e comunicação têm influência cada vez maior na área da saúde, sendo o aumento significativo do recurso à teleconsulta um reflexo disso. Os benefícios que essa modalidade de prestação de serviços de saúde ocasiona são inquestionáveis, a começar pelo facto de auxiliarem a enfrentar os desafios contemporâneos que assolam os sistemas de saúde em todo o mundo. Todavia, a sua crescente utilização vem sublinhar a importância de salvaguardar questões éticas relacionadas com a autonomia, equidade, privacidade e qualidade da relação entre o utente e o profissional de saúde. Este artigo pretende estimular uma reflexão acerca dos desafios éticos que se colocam antes, durante e após o uso da teleconsulta, com o intuito de otimizar e modelar a sua utilização.
Brazilian literature on bioethics and suicide: a systematic review
Authors: Cardoso Luana Lima Santos , Nascimento Wanderson Flor do
Published: October 2023

Abstract This systematic literature review mapped Brazilian academic production with bioethical approaches to suicide, aiming to contribute to the debate on the ethical conflicts involved in this phenomenon and to collaborate in its prevention. Bibliographical search was conducted on the SciELO and Google Scholar databases, as well as institutional databases of graduate programs in bioethics, using the descriptors “suicídio,” “suicídio e bioética” and “suicídio e ética.” Twenty publications met the inclusion criteria and were grouped and analyzed in three axes: general reflections on suicide stigmatization; moral dilemmas regarding suicide and bioethical principles; and ethical-political analysis of the phenomenon. The little research found on the subject is surprising given its relevance for public health and moral reflection on end-of-life.
Bioética y psiquiatría: escasez de literatura reciente en Brasil
Authors: Tavares André Luís Bezerra , Sombra Neto Luis Lopes , Campos Eugênio de Moura
Published: October 2023

Resumen Con el fin de analizar la producción científica sobre bioética y psiquiatría en Brasil publicada en los últimos diez años, se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura disponible en bases de datos, utilizando descriptores y operadores de investigación para relacionar los términos “ética or bioética or ética médica and psiquiatría”. La búsqueda culminó con la selección de trece artículos, de los cuales solo dos fueron elegibles para la revisión integradora según los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados mostraron que solo se abordaron los temas de espiritualidad y pedofilia en los estudios analizados, ambos siguieron la metodología de revisión de literatura. Aunque la bioética y la psiquiatría tienen gran relevancia en la contemporaneidad, los estudios científicos en Brasil sobre el tema son escasos, poco explorados y fomentados.
Bioética e psiquiatria: escassez de literatura recente no Brasil
Authors: Tavares André Luís Bezerra , Sombra Neto Luis Lopes , Campos Eugênio de Moura
Published: October 2023

Resumo A fim de analisar a produção científica sobre bioética e psiquiatria no Brasil publicada nos últimos dez anos, realizou-se revisão integrativa da literatura disponível em bases de dados, utilizando descritores e operadores de pesquisa para relacionar os termos “ética or bioética or ética médica and psiquiatria”. O processo de busca dos estudos culminou em seleção de treze artigos, dos quais apenas dois foram elegíveis para a revisão integrativa de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. A pesquisa mostrou que apenas os temas da espiritualidade e da pedofilia foram abordados nos estudos analisados, ambos com metodologia de revisão de literatura. Apesar de os campos de bioética e psiquiatria terem grande relevância na contemporaneidade, há escassez de trabalhos científicos no Brasil sobre o tema, pouco explorado e incentivado.
Is the effort-reward imbalance associated with hypertension among Brazilian civil servants? Results from the ELSA-Brasil study
Authors: Fontes Renan de Oliveira , Juvanhol Leidjaira Lopes , Fonseca Maria de Jesus Mendes da , Giatti Luana , Patrão Ana Luísa , Griep Rosane Harter , Nobre Aline Araújo
Published: October 2023

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the association between job stress, according to the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model, and hypertension (HTN), as well as to investigate the effect modifier role of overcommitment (OC) and sex. Methods: cross-sectional analysis of data from active workers who participated in the second data collection wave (2012-2014) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Job stress was measured by the ERI scale - Brazilian version, comprising three dimensions: effort, reward, and OC. HTN was defined as systolic or diastolic blood pressure levels ≥ 140/90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication use. Associations were estimated by logistic regression, crude and adjusted for potential confounding factors. Multiplicative interactions were investigated. Results: a total of 9,465 civil servants participated in the study, 51.9% females. HTN prevalence was 34.9%. The adjusted model identified borderline associations between ERI (ratio > 1) and higher OC with higher odds of HTN (OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.00; 1.24; and OR = 1.13; 95%CI = 1.01; 1.26, respectively). Interaction analysis indicated no differences in associations according to sex and OC. Conclusion: results show that ERI and OC are associated with higher odds of HTN after adjustment. Sex and OC were not effect modifiers.
Direito Autoral sobre dados de pesquisa no ecossistema da Comunicação Científica
Authors: Guanaes Paulo Cezar Vieira , Albagli Sarita
Published: October 2023

Resumo O artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar resultados de uma pesquisa concebida para responder à pergunta “Como atores-chave do ecossistema da comunicação científica estão lidando com a questão da abertura de dados de pesquisa subjacentes a artigos científicos em face do direito autoral?”. O trabalho envolveu busca e análise bibliográfica junto a: PubMed Central da Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina do National Institutes of Health, Web of Science, Scopus, Springer link; consulta à legislação pertinente; coleta e análise de dados em sites de periódicos, repositórios de dados e agências de financiamento à pesquisa nacionais e de países do norte global; análise de percepção de editores científicos do campo da saúde e de gestores de repositórios institucionais e de dados de pesquisa do país e do exterior, por meio de questionário eletrônico e entrevistas. Concluiu-se que há ainda desconhecimento e baixa prioridade, por parte de editores científicos e gestores de repositórios de dados, sobre o tema da abertura e do compartilhamento de dados de pesquisa subjacentes a artigos, bem como sobre as questões de direito autoral aí aplicáveis e daí derivadas.
Cinco Vertentes da Filosofia Brasileira Contemporânea: Atitudes Frente à Matriz Europeia - Tipologias e Ferramentas Analíticas
Authors: Domingues Ivan
Published: October 2023

Resumo O artigo focaliza a filosofia brasileira contemporânea, à luz dos legados dos séculos passados e das perspectivas futuras que se abrem no presente histórico, e se divide em duas partes. A primeira está devotada ao estabelecimento dos paradigmas teóricos e das ferramentas analíticas requeridos tanto para a compreensão e a formulação do problema histórico-filosófico, quanto para a busca de caminhos ou de respostas para as questões no plano do método, com foco na formação da filosofia em nossos meios ao ser transplantada da Europa para cá, bem como na composição e distinção da intelligentsia filosófica brasileira, do período colonial aos nossos dias: por um lado, os paradigmas da formação (do início do séc. XVI até meados do séc. XX) e da pós-formação (das três últimas décadas do século XX ao XXI...); por outro, na esteira do método dos tipos ideais de Max Weber, a tipificação da intelligentsia filosófica brasileira neste longo período, distinguida em cinco extrações principais: [i] o intelectual orgânico da Igreja ou o jesuíta da Colônia; [ii] o diletante estrangeirado ou o letrado autodidata remanescente das Escolas de Direito de fins do séc. XVIII até meados do séc. XX (Coimbra, Recife, São Paulo); [iii] o scholar ou o especialista disciplinar modelado pelas ciências duras nas primeiras décadas do séc. XX e se estendendo às ciências humanas e à filosofia entre meados e as últimas décadas do séc. XX; [iv] o intelectual político ou intelectual público engajado em questões práticas e na cena política, ao promover a fusão do pensamento e da ação; [v] o pensador ou o intelectual cosmopolita globalizado, ainda não existente entre nós e visado como sondagem do futuro. A segunda parte, visada como desdobramento e complementação da primeira nos quadros de uma pesquisa em curso, procura distinguir as diferentes atitudes da intelligentsia filosófica brasileira frente à matriz europeia, ao longo da filosofia brasileira contemporânea (sécs. XX-XXI): alinhamento e reverência; autonomia e assimilação crítica; instrumentalização ideológica e política; suspeição e defenestração - às quais deveria ser acrescentada a própria atitude dos europeus aqui atuantes, como a Missão Francesa em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, tipificada como catequese e missão civilizatória, prevalecente em nossos meios desde o jesuíta da Colônia.
PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE IN DIALYSIS SERVICES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: NURSING PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hoffmann Marília Alves , Menezes Aline Carrilho , Azevedo Cissa , Amaral Fabrícia Moreira Amorim , Rodrigues Tatiana Aparecida , Ribeiro Helen Cristiny Teodoro Couto , Mata Luciana Regina Ferreira da
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the patient safety culture from the perspective of nursing staff in dialysis services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: cross-sectional study with 56 nursing professionals from three dialysis services in Minas Gerais - Brazil, between March and June 2021. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture instrument was used. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics; chi-square test; and Generalizable Estimating Equations (p≤0.05). Results: Patient safety was rated as good or excellent by 69.6% of participants. The dimension “Expectations and actions of the service management that favor safety” was considered a strength (85.42%). “Non-punitive response to errors” (23.99%) and “Staff sizing” (45.83%) were considered weak. There was a higher percentage of positive responses in public and philanthropic services (p<0.001). Conclusion: few dimensions indicated strengths, and the type of management influenced the percentage of positive responses.
Analyzing the Predictive Power of Machine Learning Models for Autism Detection
Authors: Santos Dheiver Francisco
Published: October 2023

This study delves into the application of machine learning models for the early detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for improving the lives of individuals with ASD and their families. This research compares various machine learning models, including Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbors, and more, assessing their performance based on key metrics such as F1-Score, accuracy, precision, and recall. The study reveals the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) as the top-performing model with an impressive F1-Score of 79.35%, demonstrating its potential for accurate ASD detection. The feature importance analysis highlights the significant roles of gender, genetic predisposition, age at diagnosis, and ethnicity-related features in predicting ASD. This study underscores the promise of machine learning in ASD detection and emphasizes the importance of early intervention and personalized approaches to diagnosis.
O telejornalismo do RJTV1 e a omissão à necropolítica nas favelas do Rio
Authors: Pinto Maria Eduarda Pereira
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho levanta inquietações acerca da baixa complexidade do fazer jornalístico da TV Globo, no que tange aos assuntos relacionados à violência urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, o presente trabalho utilizará a análise do discurso como metodologia para compreender os direcionamentos de sentido que o uso da categoria “envolvido-com” permite ao texto jornalístico. Isto é, a partir da categoria escolhida, esmiuçar a abordagem do telejornalismo – tendo como objeto o RJTV, primeira edição – sobre segurança pública e violência urbana, e compreender quais são os seus desdobramentos no imaginário social e nas subjetividades dos corpos-alvo dessa categoria, cuja hipótese versa sobre o impacto no acesso a direitos básicos desses corpos-alvo, como a vida.
Role of Direct Plasma Irradiation, Plasma-Activated Liquid, and Plasma-Treated Soil in Plasma Agriculture
Authors: Attri Pankaj , Okumura Takamasa , Takeuchi Nozomi , Razzokov Jamoliddin , Zhang Quanzhi , Kamataki Kunihiro , Shiratani Masaharu , Koga Kazunori
Published: October 2023

Seed treatment with non-thermal plasma has seen a tremendous increase in both direct and indirect applications recently. In this review, we examined the effects of direct plasma irradiation, plasma-activated water (PAW), plasma-activated Ringer's lactate solution, and plasma-treated soil on seeds, resulting in positive, negative, and neutral changes. Furthermore, we will compare the impact of pressure and feed gases on seed germination and seedling growth. Additionally, we focused on the types of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and their concentrations produced in the gas and liquid phases, as these play a crucial role in germination percentage and seedling growth. In conclusion, we find that plasma agriculture's success is contingent on seed morphology, the types and concentrations of reactive species, and specific plasma characteristics.
Influence of initial moisture content on creep and shrinkage of concrete at constant and cyclic ambient humidity
Authors: Podhajecky Anna-Lena , Oneschkow Nadja , Kern Bianca , Lohaus Ludger , Müller Harald S. , Haist Michael
Published: October 2023

Creep and shrinkage are strongly influenced by the moisture content of concrete and by the ambient humidity. The effect of the latter is currently considered in models and design codes such as the fib Model Code 2010 by time-average considerations, thus totally neglecting cyclic changes in ambient humidity normally observed in outdoor structures. However, the influence of the cyclic ambient humidity on the long-term deformations of concrete compared to the constant mean humidity has barely been investigated. Therefore, the developments of creep and shrinkage of a normal-strength concrete C30/37 with three initial (before testing) moisture contents at constant humidity as well as cyclic humidity were investigated. Results demonstrate that the drying shrinkage and drying creep, but also the basic creep, are higher with higher initial moisture contents at constant ambient humidity conditions. Additionally, creep strains sharply increased up to plus 60% due to cyclic humidity compared to those due to corresponding average constant humidity. The influence of cyclic ambient humidity is more pronounced for concretes with lower initial moisture contents. Those strong deviations in the creep behaviour (compared to existing design models) may cause severe safety risks in prestressed concrete constructions. Therefore, existing creep models should be modified considering the influence of cyclic changes in humidity and the combined influence of the initial moisture content.
Prototiparse: una aproximación pedagógica a realidades complejas desde el diseño
Authors: Acosta Fandiño Jeimy Johana , Viasus Rodríguez Jonh Alexander , Rojas Salgado María Juliana , Monroy Isaza Sergio
Published: October 2023

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar una experiencia de creación-investigación en educación desde el campo del diseño; enfocada en la pregunta: ¿cómo generar experiencias pedagógicas que nos aproximen a realidades complejas? Se tomó como caso de estudio al curso Contexto y Región: Introducción al Pensamiento Sistémico, asignatura impartida en la Universidad de Ibagué (Colombia), bajo una línea de trabajo de diseño, desde donde se estructuró una metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje en cuatro momentos, comprensión, desarrollo de etapa intuitiva, acercamiento a contextos y realidades complejas desde la simulación, diseño de acciones colectivas. Los resultados de este análisis llevaron al aterrizaje en categorías tales como el “prototiparse”, concepto emergente cercano al diseño que articuló la ideación con el sentipensar —acción contraria a la separación drástica entre sentimientos y pensamiento racional— desde una constante tensión creativa de estudiantes y docentes. Esto conllevó sin duda a movilizar a dichos actores fuera de sus zonas de confort, identificando y poniendo en cuestión prejuicios y convicciones subjetivas, pero, además, convirtiéndolo en un ejercicio transversal de completa relevancia en la formación profesional de estudiantes de distintas disciplinas, al fomentar el diálogo de saberes para favorecer sentidos cada vez más amplios de lo humano. Finalmente, las comprensiones de lo que se ha venido denominando “realidades complejas” en teorías sistémicas y de la complejidad, fueron abordadas a partir de procesos de observación y reflexión educativa, entendiendo al diseño no solamente en su función pragmática-objetual, sino también como praxis social.
RACIAL CONSIDERATIONS ARE A PREREQUISITE AND NOT AN AFTERTHOUGHT: A DISCUSSION OF Kroukamp v The Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development [2021] ZAGPPHC 526 and Magistrates Commission v Lawrence 2022 1 All SA 321 (SCA)
Authors: Mabaso Fanele
Published: October 2023

This case note engages in a critical examination of two recent cases concerning the issue of race-based appointments, or rather the lack thereof, in the judiciary. The crux of this case note concerns the appointment of judicial officers as regulated by section 174 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Constitution). In particular, the case note is driven by subsection 2 of section 174, which provides:“The need for the judiciary to reflect broadly the racial and gender composition of South Africa must be considered when judicial officers are appointed.”In essence, this case note is an advocate for the argument that the South African judiciary must reflect the demographics of the country. That is to say, racial considerations are a prerequisite in judicial appointments, and not an afterthought. The case note starts with a discussion of the matter that was before the Gauteng High Court, sitting as the Equality Court, in Kroukamp v The Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development ([2021] ZAGPPHC 526). The case note then discusses the later decision of the Supreme Court of Appeal in Magistrates Commission v Lawrence (2022 1 All SA 321 (SCA)).
AS IDENTIDADES NEGRAS E OS GOVERNOS DAS CONDUTAS: UMA REFLEXÃO EDUCACIONAL ANTE TENSÕES
Authors: Da Silva José Bonifácio Alves , Soler Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar y , Volaco Gustavo Capobianco , Góes Luciano
Published: October 2023

Este texto mostra uma possibilidade de reflexão educacional nas articulações entre a governamentalidade e as relações étnico-raciais em torno das tensões históricas das identidades negras com os governos das condutas. A governamentalidade caracteriza-se como a prática refletida de governo correlativa às práticas de poder e aos processos de subjetivação. No que se refere ao panorama das relações étnico-raciais, a governamentalidade apresenta-se como uma estratégia que procura modular práticas de controle sobre as condutas a partir dos dispositivos ligados ao racismo e à neutralização das resistências e insurgências negras. Podemos rastrear como as identidades negras, historicamente marginalizadas, estão em processos contínuos de diferenciação e ressignificação pelos quais outras condutas surgem. Esses processos sinalizam as experiências educadoras das identidades e diferenças negras em políticas produtoras de condutas insurgentes e resistentes, encarando o racismo.
Environmental Factors Related to Quality of Life of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : A Scoping Review
Authors: Hamis Amy Azira , Ibrahim Roszita , Ja'afar Mohd Hasni
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Concerns about the quality of life (QoL) of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder have been raised by previous study. Policy decision-makers and healthcare professionals can be better informed about the environmental factors associated with parental QoL, which will enhance outcomes for both parents and children. The objective of this review is to perform a comprehensive review that assessed the environmental relevant factors associated with quality of life (QoL) of parents of ASD children (under 18 years old). Methodology: To identify the environmental factors associated with parental QoL, a scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley original and enhanced framework. Three electronic data bases (PubMed, Scopus & WOS) and reference list checks were used in the search. Results: Social support, family support, residential condition and access to services were all factors linked to parental quality of life in this group. Conclusion: The review clarified environmental factors as one of variables that have association with parental QoL. The results of this analysis also highlighted potential areas of support that have implications on future policy and practices. Keywords : environmental factors, autism spectrum disorder, quality of life, parents, children References CDC. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders--Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 14 sites, United States, 2008. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2012;61(3):1-19. CDC. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years - autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2010. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2014;63(2):1-21. Elsabbagh M, Divan G, Koh Y-J, Kim YS, Kauchali S, Marcín C, et al. Global Prevalence of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Autism Research. 2012;5(3):160-79. McTiernan A, Leader G, Healy O, Mannion A. Analysis of risk factors and early predictors of challenging behavior for children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2011;5(3):1215-22. Simonoff E, Pickles A, Charman T, Chandler S, Loucas T, Baird G. Psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: prevalence, comorbidity, and associated factors in a population-derived sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008;47(8):921-9. Bolton PF. Medical conditions in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. 2009;1(2):102-13. Khanna R, Madhavan SS, Smith MJ, Patrick JH, Tworek C, Becker-Cottrill B. Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Primary Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2011;41(9):1214-27.
Resampling and Ensemble Strategies for Churn Prediction
Authors: ÇELİK Serra , TOLUN TAYALI Seda
Published: October 2023

Churn analysis is a customer relationship management analytics that companies implement to predict the customers who are likely to terminate doing business with them. The success of marketing efforts to retain the existing customers is possible only if probable churners are correctly specified beforehand. Therefore, having powerful models with high prediction capabilities that lead to a profit growth is crucial. The imbalanced nature of churn datasets negatively effects the classification performance of machine learning methods. This study examines resampling –over- and under-sampling- and ensemble learning –bagging, boosting, and stacking– strategies integrated with the cross-validation procedure on imbalanced churn prediction. The experimental results, which are compared to the results of Support Vector Machines taken as the benchmark, show that ensemble methods improve the prediction performances. Also, applying over-sampling achieves a noticeable performance in comparison with the under-sampling approach.
The Legal Dynamics of E-Commerce and Direct Selling: A Comprehensive Analysis of The Amway India Enterprises Vs. Union of India Case
Authors: Pathan Ashfaq , Desai Ketan , Tiwari Ruchi
Published: October 2023

This research paper delves into the landmark case of Amway India Enterprises vs. Union of India, adjudicated by the Delhi High Court in July 2019. The case pertained to alleged interference by e-commerce giants such as Amazon and Flipkart in the contractual relationships between direct selling companies and their independent sales representatives. The paper dissects the intricate legal facets of this case, encompassing constitutional matters, intellectual property rights, information technology laws, consumer protection, and contractual and tort laws. A central issue examined was whether e-commerce platforms were bound by the Direct Selling Guidelines, 2016, and if their actions constituted trademark violations. The case also probed the applicability of Section 79 of the Information Technology Act and intermediary responsibilities. The Delhi High Court's judgment wielded substantial influence over the Indian business landscape. E-commerce platforms were mandated to cease commercial activity on plaintiffs' products and furnish detailed seller data, necessitating operational adjustments. In conclusion, the Amway India Enterprises case signifies the evolving commerce dynamics in the digital era and underscores the pivotal role of the legal system in ensuring fair competition, consumer safety, and intellectual property preservation. As business landscapes evolve, this case illuminates the path toward a responsible, transparent, and secure online marketplace in India.
Obstructive sleep apnea in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Prevalence, severity, and treatment. A narrative review
Authors: Nobrega da Silva Nunes Carla , Arantes Souza Shayra Kellen , Cândida Oliveira Miriã , Pedro Ribeiro Afonso João , Martins Rodrigues Silva Bruna , Franco de Oliveira Luís Vicente , Silva Moura Ricardo , De Oliveira Moura Barbara , Dos Reis dos Santos Israel , Roberta Danaga Aline , Antônio Calixto de Pina Gomes Mello Diego , Fernandes Oliveira Ezequiel , Almeida Pires Franco de Oliveira Bruna , Roberto Nacif Sergio , Silva Souza Max , Carlos Queiroz Bruno , F. Gonçalves Caroline , S. Tomei Jéssica , Matiolli Pamella
Published: October 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), can be defined by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60mL/min/1.73m^2 associated with an albumin-to-creatinine ratio greater than 30mg of albumin per 1g of creatinine. CKD is a significant factor leading to a decline in the quality of life, increased morbidity, and a substantial reduction in life expectancy. Currently, it is estimated that there are 3.9 million patients worldwide on renal replacement therapy for CKD. Recent data indicates that in the United States of America (USA), more than 500,000 people suffer from renal failure or insufficiency. In Brazil, epidemiological data is incomplete and outdated. In 2016, there were 122,825 patients in Brazil on renal replacement therapy. Objectives: This literature review aims to assess the prevalence, severity, and therapeutic recommendations for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and SciELO databases with keywords including "Obstructive Sleep Apnea", "Chronic kidney disease", "End-stage renal disease", "sleep disorders", "hemodialysis", "CPAP", "Continuous positive airway pressure", and "Physiotherapy." Only studies published in the last twenty years and in the English language were included. Results: Despite scientific evidence demonstrating a high prevalence of OSA in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, there are still a lack of studies examining the effects of Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on the clinical outcomes of these patients. In the scientific literature, only three randomized clinical trials were found that investigated the impact of CPAP therapy on improving kidney function. Consequently, there is a critical need for clinical studies to assess the effects of CPAP therapy in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. It is also essential to highlight the role of physiotherapy in managing sleep disorders and aiding in the adaptation and monitoring of patients undergoing CPAP therapy. Conclusion: This literature review concluded that more randomized controlled studies are necessary to better define the optimal therapy for OSA in CKD patients, with the goal of preventing a decline in GFR progression, reducing morbidity and mortality, and enhancing overall quality of life.