bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature-dependent carrier state mediated by H-NS promotes the long-term coexistence of Y. pestis and a phage in soil
Authors: Yang Lihua , Wang Jing , Lu Shuguang , Zhong Youhong , Xiong Kun , Liu Xiaoxiao , Liu Bing , Wang Xiaoxue , Wang Peng , Le Shuai
Published: June 2023

The study of carrier state phages challenged the canonical lytic-lysogenic binary, and carrier state appears to be ubiquitous and ecologically important. However, the mechanisms of the carrier state are not well elucidated due to the limited phage models. Herein, we reported phage HQ103, similar to Escherichia coli phage P2. In contrast to the temperate P2 phage, the HQ103 phage does not insert its genome into the bacterial chromosome and displays a dual behavior depending on the temperature. At 37°C, HQ103 lyses the host and forms clear plaques due to the truncation of repressor CI and mutation of promoter Pc. In contrast, HQ103 maintains a carrier state lifestyle with Y. pestis at an environmental temperature (21°C). Mechanistically, we found that the host-encoded histone-like nucleoid-structuring protein H-NS, which is highly expressed at 21°C to silence the Cox promoter Pe and inhibits the phage lytic cycle. Subsequently, the HQ103 carrier state Y. pestis could grow and co-exist with the phage in the soil at 21°C for one month. Thus, this study reveals a novel carrier state lifestyle of phage HQ103 due to the H-NS mediated xenogeneic silencing and demonstrates that the carrier state lifestyle could promote long-term phage-host coexist in nature.
Decolonising Canadian water governance: lessons from Indigenous case studies
Authors: McKibbin Corey
Published: June 2023

Meaningful lessons about decolonising water infrastructure (social, economic and political) can be learned if we scrutinise existing governance principles such as the ones provided by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development in 2021’s Principles on Water Governance. Instead of usingonlyWestern frameworks to think about policy within Indigenous spheres of water, sanitation and hygiene, the Government of Canada can look to Indigenous ways of knowing to complement their understanding of how to govern areas of water, sanitation and hygiene efficiently. In this paper, the termIndigenousencompasses First Nations, Inuit and Métis populations. This paper is presented asastep out of many towards decolonising water governance in Canada, and is intended to show that it is necessary to make space for other voices in water governance. By highlighting the dangers in the case studies, three lessons are apparent: (1) there needs to be an addition of Indigenous Two-Eyed Seeing in water governance; (2) Canada must strengthen its nation-to-nation praxis with Indigenous communities; and (3) there needs to be a creation of space in water, sanitation and hygiene that fosters Indigenous voices. This is necessary such that there can be equal participation in policy conversations to mitigate existing problems and explore new possibilities.
Kepemimpinan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Sektor Publik
Authors: Destiana Riska
Published: June 2023

Sumber daya aparatur sektor publik menjadi aset penting dalam proses transformasi organisasi pemerintahan. Dan aspek kepemimpinan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembangan SDM. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kompetensi kepemimpinan dalam organisasi pengembangan sumber daya manusia sektor publik yang mampu membawa organisasi sebagai agen utama perubahan peningkatan kompetensi aparatur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi pustaka. Kebijakan pengembangan SDM di Indonesia mengarah pada kebutuhan kepemimpinan teknologi inovatif, kepemimpinan adaptif, kepemimpinan kolaboratif, kepemimpinan yang mendorong penerapan budaya mutu.
A comprehensive review on the use of biodiesel for diesel engines
Authors: Nguyen Van Giao , Pham Minh Tuan , Le Nguyen Viet Linh , Le Huu Cuong , Truong Thanh Hai , Cao Dao Nam
Published: June 2023

Fossil fuels are the main source of energy for transportation operations around the world. However, fossil fuels cause extremely negative impacts on the environment, as well as uneven distribution across countries, increasing energy insecurity. Biodiesel is one of the potential and feasible options in recent years to solve energy problems. Biodiesel is a renewable, low-carbon fuel source that is increasingly being used as a replacement for traditional fossil fuels, particularly in diesel engines. Biodiesel has several potential benefits such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and energy independence. However, there are also several challenges associated with the use of biodiesel including the compatibility of biodiesel with existing engine technologies and infrastructure as well as the cost of production, which can vary depending on factors such as location, climate, and competing uses for the feedstocks. Meanwhile, studies aimed at comprehensively assessing the impact of biodiesel on engine power, performance, and emissions are lacking. This becomes a major barrier to the dissemination of this potential energy source. Therefore, this study will provide a comprehensive view of the physicochemical properties of biodiesel that affect the performance and emission properties of the engine, as well as discuss the difficulties and opportunities of this potential fuel source.
Kadar COHb (Karboksihemoglobin) pada Penggunaan Sevofluran dan Isofluran Pasien yang Menjalani Vitrektomi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dokter Kariadi
Authors: Paramita Dina , Wardani Rena Noer Kusuma , Harahap M Sofyan , Mochamat Mochamat
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang: Sevofluran dan isofluran merupakan agen inhalasi yang sering digunakan sebagai maintenance anestesi umum selama operasi. Penggunaan sevofluran dan isofluran diketahui menghasilkan karbon monoksida (CO) dalam kontak dengan adsorbent atau penyerap CO2 tipe kering. Tiga puluh satu kasus keracunan CO intra-operatif ditemukan di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, dengan konsentrasi CO melebihi 1000 parts per million (ppm) dan konsentrasi karboksihemoglobin (COHb) mencapai lebih dari 30%. Pasien yang mengalami keracunan CO dengan kadar COHb yang tinggi dapat mengeluhkan gejala seperti sakit kepala, mual, muntah, pusing, dan kelemahan anggota gerak, bahkan dapat mengakibatkan pasien sulit sadar hingga kematian.Tujuan: Mengetahui perubahan kadar COHb pada penggunaan agen inhalasi sevofluran dan isofluran pada pasien yang menjalani bedah vitrektomi di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan non randomized control group pre-test post-test yang dilakukan di instalasi bedah sentral RSUP Dr. Kariadi selama 3 bulan. Kadar COHb diambil dengan sampel darah vena pada sebelum induksi dan 60 menit setelah induksi. Pemeriksaan kadar COHb menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan Human COHb (carboxyhemoglobin) ELISA. Total subjek adalah 26 orang dengan rata-rata usia 48,27 tahun. Subjek dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok sevofluran dan isovluran dengan rata-rata durasi operasi selama 65 menit.Hasil: Kadar COHb pre-test kelompok sevofluran dan isofluran adalah 4,34 dan 4,39. Kadar COHb post-test kelompok sevofluran dan isofluran adalah 4,48 dan 4,95.Kesimpulan: Hal ini menunjukan bahwa nilai post-test COHb pada kelompok isoflurane lebih tinggi dengan peningkatan kadar COHb yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelompok sevofluran. Isofluran menghasilkan kadar COHb lebih tinggi daripada sevofluran.
Rozumění bolesti druhého člověka mezi hermeneutikou a zrcadlovými neurony
Authors: Šteffl Jan
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on the concepts of pain at different times and in different disciplines. It presents approaches to understanding both within hermeneutics and in the field of ethics. These points are further connected, which shows us how through empathy we can understand the pain of another person, but also his emotions. The aim of the article is to present not only different approaches, but also a common interest, namely a common interest in another person, to show how different fields in this field can be connected. Both neurology and philosophy are reflected in the mentioned approaches. Among the philosophers, for example, the approaches of Descartes, Foucault, Habermas or Smith are reflected.
Intermedialita kaligrafických inspirací v poválečném umění a filosofickém diskursu
Authors: Polláková Petra
Published: June 2023

In this study, based on my dissertation thesis, I focus on the issues of circulation and various methods of appropriating calligraphic practices within the framework of transnational art history, predominantly in the context of the post-war European and North American art scenes. Due to the multi-layered and intermedia nature of the topic of calligraphic inspirations, I have chosen the motif of the circle as a certain unifying element, through which I attempt to reflect the given issue within two distinct circles. The first topic is the examination of the possibilities of artistic or philosophical expression of the ontological meaning of corporeality and the circularity of the body in the process of creation. The circle also reflects the issue of periodic renewal and regeneration of mythical and historical time. I examine the issue of the cyclical nature of time in the context of post-war art, when the necessity of a new beginning arose, which would not only enable a deeper intercultural dialogue, but also strengthen the need to re-examine the original artistic roots and sources.
ZKSQL: Verifiable and Efficient Query Evaluation with Zero-Knowledge Proofs
Authors: Li Xiling , Weng Chenkai , Xu Yongxin , Wang Xiao , Rogers Jennie
Published: June 2023

Individuals and organizations are using databases to store personal information at an unprecedented rate. This creates a quandary for data providers. They are responsible for protecting the privacy of individuals described in their database. On the other hand, data providers are sometimes required to provide statistics about their data instead of sharing it wholesale with strong assurances that these answers are correct and complete such as in regulatory filings for the US SEC and other goverment organizations.

We introduce a system,
ZKSQL
, that provides authenticated answers to ad-hoc SQL queries with zero-knowledge proofs. Its proofs show that the answers are correct and sound with respect to the database's contents and they do not divulge any information about its input records. This system constructs proofs over the steps in a query's evaluation and it accelerates this process with authenticated set operations. We validate the efficiency of this approach over a suite of TPC-H queries and our results show that ZKSQL achieves two orders of magnitude speedup over the baseline.
Longshot: Indexing Growing Databases Using MPC and Differential Privacy
Authors: Zhang Yanping , Bater Johes , Nayak Kartik , Machanavajjhala Ashwin
Published: June 2023

In this work, we propose Longshot, a novel design for secure outsourced database systems that supports ad-hoc queries through the use of secure multi-party computation and differential privacy. By combining these two techniques, we build and maintain data structures (i.e., synopses, indexes, and stores) that improve query execution efficiency while maintaining strong privacy and security guarantees. As new data records are uploaded by data owners, these data structures are continually updated by Longshot using novel algorithms that leverage bounded information leakage to minimize the use of expensive cryptographic protocols. Furthermore, Long-shot organizes the data structures as a hierarchical tree based on when the update occurred, allowing for update strategies that provide logarithmic error over time. Through this approach, Longshot introduces a tunable three-way trade-off between privacy, accuracy, and efficiency. Our experimental results confirm that our optimizations are not only asymptotic improvements but also observable in practice. In particular, we see a 5x efficiency improvement to update our data structures even when the number of updates is less than 200. Moreover, the data structures significantly improve query runtimes over time, about ~10
3
x faster compared to the baseline after 20 updates.
Influential Community Search over Large Heterogeneous Information Networks
Authors: Zhou Yingli , Fang Yixiang , Luo Wensheng , Ye Yunming
Published: June 2023

Recently, the topic of influential community search has gained much attention. Given a graph, it aims to find communities of vertices with high importance values from it. Existing works mainly focus on conventional homogeneous networks, where vertices are of the same type. Thus, they cannot be applied to heterogeneous information networks (HINs) like bibliographic networks and knowledge graphs, where vertices are of multiple types and their importance values are of heterogeneity (i.e., for vertices of different types, their importance meanings are also different). In this paper, we study the problem of influential community search over large HINs. We introduce a novel community model, called heterogeneous influential community (HIC), or a set of closely connected vertices that are of the same type and high importance values, using the meta-path-based core model. An HIC not only captures the importance of vertices in a community, but also considers the influence on meta-paths connecting them. To search the HICs, we mainly consider meta-paths with two and three vertex types. Then, we develop basic algorithms by iteratively peeling vertices with low importance values, and further propose advanced algorithms by identifying the key vertices and designing pruning strategies that allow us to quickly eliminate vertices with low importance values. Extensive experiments on four real large HINs show that our solutions are effective for searching HICs, and the advanced algorithms significantly outperform baselines.
Commuter Students and Psychological Sense of Community: How Ties to Home Relate to Academic Success
Authors: Smith Brian T. , Charlton Kelly , Allen Ashley Batts
Published: June 2023

Universities spend significant time and energy establishing a sense of community for their students. University personnel strive to increase school community ties for commuter students who travel back and forth from home to campus under the assumption that these increased ties will predict academic success. In an effort to understand those variables related to commuter student success, 335 participants responded to questions regarding commuter status, psychological sense of community with one’s school, psychological sense of community with one’s hometown, and academic self-handicapping. Results indicated that those with a strong sense of community with their hometown were less likely to engage in academic self-handicapping. Moreover, this relationship was moderated by commuting status, such that the effect was stronger for commuter students than for non-commuter students. Implications for commuter student success and future research are discussed.
Assessment of Manning coefficient for Dujila Canal, Wasit/-Iraq
Authors: Shamkhi Mohammed S. , Auad Maryam Hussain
Published: June 2023

Assessment of Manning’s unevenness factor is of critical significance in hydraulic readings of open channel stream. Manning’s (

n

n

) is obligatory for the computation of releases, water levels, and backwater curves, as well as plan curve additions. The correct value of Manning’s roughness coefficient (

n

n

), i. H. a value that accurately reflects the observed data, is selected by the calibration process. The current study aims to calculate the Manning coefficient of the Dujila Canal due to this factor helps in developing water management systems, the Dujila Canal (a branch of the Tigris River) was modeled using the Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System steady-flow model to guess the rate of Manning’s factor. The information was reserved for seven cross sections for calibration, then another cross section is applied for the verification process. A statistical test on the recorded data must be used to verify the calibration process. It uses the Root Mean Square (RMS) test. The outcomes show that the appropriate Manning’s (

n

n

) rate was (0.025), providing a reasonable arrangement amid the designed and perceived sketches
Discharge coefficient and energy dissipation on stepped weir
Authors: Hantoosh Samaa H. , Shamkhi Mohammed S.
Published: June 2023

High volumes of kinetic energy are generated as water is transported to the dam downstream. Stepped weir are some of the best in lowering the kinetic energy of a flow traveling downstream. In stepped weirs, the steps’ design can impact how much of the flow’s kinetic energy is transferred downstream. Because these weirs could dissipate more power, recently, pooled designs have been more common than smooth ones. Therefore, this work investigated the impact of sills at the ends-edge of the steps and discharge values on flow patterns, particularly energy dissipation. Seventy-five experiments were conducted and five models were used with a slope angle of 35° with different step dimensions, different numbers of steps (14, 10, 7, 5, and 3), and other discharges. Three-step configurations were used: flat, fully pooled, and zigzag pooled steps. The results indicated that increasing the number of steps increased the energy dissipation rate. In addition, an increase in the discharge leads to an increase in the discharge coefficient and thus decreases the energy dissipation rate. A coefficient of determination

R

2

{R}^{2}

gives a good agreement for the discharge coefficient (0.73).
Numerical study of the fluid flow and heat transfer in a finned heat sink using Ansys Icepak
Authors: Yaseen Sana J.
Published: June 2023

This research studies a three-dimensional fluid flow, and heat transfer in the heat sink numerically using air as a coolant. The numerical effects of the number of fins and their thickness on the performance of the heat sink are investigated using Ansys Icepak. Various fin numbers and fin thicknesses are used to check the heat sink’s optimal thermal performance. The results demonstrated that the maximum temperature, pressure drop, and thermal resistance decrease with the increase in the fin number and thickness. According to the results, the optimal thickness and number of fins for the current study are 15 and 0.25 mm, respectively. Also, it is observed that increasing the number of fins has a greater effect than increasing the thickness of the fins on the maximum temperature, pressure drop, and thermal resistance.
“They forget and forget all the time.” The complexity of teaching adult deaf emergent readers print literacy
Authors: Holmström Ingela , Schönström Krister
Published: June 2023

This article highlight and discuss the complex situation when deaf adults who are emergent readers learn Swedish Sign Language (STS) and Swedish in parallel. As Swedish appears primarily in its written form, they also have to develop reading and writing skills. Study data comes from ethnographically created video recordings of classroom interaction and interviews with teachers and participants. The analysis reveals that while the migrants successively learn basic STS for interacting with other deaf people, learning Swedish takes a different path. The migrants struggle with learning basic reading and writing skills, vocabulary, and grammar. Furthermore, the instruction is highly repetitive, but unstructured and sprawled, using STS to explain and connect signs with written equivalents. The teachers testify in interviews that it seems very difficult for the emergent readers to learn Swedish on a level good enough to cope in Swedish society, which, in turn, puts them in a vulnerable position.
Aspect-based sentiment analysis on multi-domain reviews through word embedding
Authors: Venu Gopalachari Mukkamula , Gupta Sangeeta , Rakesh Salakapuri , Jayaram Dharmana , Venkateswara Rao Pulipati
Published: June 2023

The finest resource for consumers to evaluate products is online product reviews, and finding such reviews that are accurate and helpful can be difficult. These reviews may sometimes be corrupted, biased, contradictory, or lacking in detail. This opens the door for customer-focused review analysis methods. A method called “Multi-Domain Keyword Extraction using Word Vectors” aims to streamline the customer experience by giving them reviews from several websites together with in-depth assessments of the evaluations. Using the specific model number of the product, inputs are continuously grabbed from different e-commerce websites. Aspects and key phrases in the reviews are properly identified using machine learning, and the average sentiment for each keyword is calculated using context-based sentiment analysis. To precisely discover the keywords in massive texts, word embedding data will be analyzed by machine learning techniques. A unique methodology developed to locate trustworthy reviews considers several criteria that determine what makes a review credible. The experiments on real-time data sets showed better results compared to the existing traditional models.
Recovering from cultural blindness: multimodal Positive Discourse Analysis of metaphors in hand-drawn sketches about Islam
Authors: El-Falaky May S.
Published: June 2023

This paper extends Nartey’s model of Positive Discourse Analysis (PDA), examining the visual metaphors (VM) in the representations of Islamic identity. The paper highlights how hand-drawings operate as a positive discourse resisting negative accusations in hegemonic discourses about Islam. This PDA study is an intellectual proximity between semiotics, VMs and cultural studies. Through the constructed framework, I argue that PDA can utilize VMs to construct/construe homogeneity and inclusiveness. Through the findings of this study, we can construe the imageries as a reflection of the physical and cultural environments whose cognition is attained by examining how semiotic signs reflect and are reflected by conscious awareness and perception. A major criticism of PDA is its lack of contextual framing, that’s why this paper provides a contextual framing mixing semiotic visuality and the sociocultural construal of discursive representation of Muslim identity. The interpretation of the findings is contextualized after the adaptation of the philosophical view of Molyneux’s question, the issue of blindness from birth, and the capability of seeing things properly if someone, hypothetically, gains his sight again.
The crystal structure of tert-butyl (E)-3-(2-(benzylideneamino)phenyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, C26H24N2O2
Authors: Da Weihao , Kong Haonan , Wang Ruiyao , Lin Yi
Published: June 2023

C26H24N2O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.949(6) Å, b = 9.930(5) Å, c = 20.125(13) Å, β = 98.51(3)°, V = 2164(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0465, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1260, T = 296(2) K.
Influence of sodium silicate to precursor ratio on mechanical properties and durability of the metakaolin/fly ash alkali-activated sustainable mortar using manufactured sand
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Cong , Wang Fei , Yuan Peng
Published: June 2023

In recent years, manufactured sand produced from crushed rock has been used as fine aggregate instead of natural sand in construction and industrial fields to minimize the impact of natural sand depletion in nature and society. In this research, the mechanical properties and durability of alkali-activated sustainable mortar using manufactured sand and different sodium silicate (solution) to precursor ratios (SSPR; 0.60, 0.65, 0.70, 0.75, and 0.80) by weight were investigated. Metakaolin and fly ash were used as precursor, sodium silicate (solution) and sodium hydroxide were used as alkali-activator, and manufactured sand made from broken limestone was used to completely replace river sand as fine aggregate to prepare metakaolin/fly ash (MK/FA) alkali-activated sustainable mortar to ensure sustainable development. The compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, anti-permeability, and crack resistance of MK/FA alkali-activated sustainable mortar were tested. The impact of different SSPRs on the mechanical properties and durability of alkali-activated sustainable mortar was analyzed. Quadratic function fitting models of tensile strength to compressive strength and flexural strength to compressive strength were proposed. Furthermore, the statistical effects of each parameter were explored using analysis of variance and F-test of statistical analysis. The experimental results indicate that the SSPR has a remarkable effect on the mechanical properties and durability of MK/FA alkali-activated sustainable mortar. When the SSPR is in the range of 0.6–0.8, the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of the alkali-activated sustainable mortar initially increased and then decreased; however, there is an opposite trend in water penetration depth and crack index. MK/FA alkali-activated sustainable mortar exhibits best compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, anti-permeability, and cracking resistance of 40.2 MPa, 3.38 MPa, 4.3 MPa, 41.3 mm, and 245 mm, respectively, at SSPR of 0.7. The experimental findings of this study can provide theoretical guidance for practical engineering of alkali-activated sustainable mortars using manufactured sand.
HPX filter: a hybrid of Hodrick–Prescott filter and multiple regression
Authors: Yamada Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

This paper considers an extension of Hodrick–Prescott (HP) filter. It is a hybrid of HP filter and multiple regression. We refer to the filter as “HPX filter”. It is well known that HP filter has a unique global minimizer and the solution can be represented in matrix notation explicitly. Does HPX filter also have a unique global minimizer? Is it accomplished without any additional assumptions? Can the solution be expressed in matrix notation explicitly? In this paper, we answer these questions. In addition, this paper (i) provides an alternative perspective on the filter by representing it as a generalized ridge regression and (ii) gives an extension of it, which is a hybrid of Whittaker–Henderson method of graduation and multiple regression.
On the Disappearance of the Animal Body
Authors: Lowengard Sarah
Published: June 2023

This essay explores the uses of animal fat from domesticated livestock (cattle, swine, and sheep) in three separate, albeit closely related situations: as a substance harvestable from within the animal body, as a commodity reconfigured from its original form, and as a tool for scientific understanding in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Using the concept of affordances, as initially described in the 1970s by James Jerome Gibson, and subsequentially amended by anthropologists, philosophers, and sociologists, as well as material culture or design historians, I trace animal fat across multiple stages of time and processing to show that while certain affordances remained constant throughout the period under consideration, material references to its origin within the animal body receded and ultimately disappeared. I explore the different forms of use and expectations that occurred in relation to animal fats within the cultural environments of the slaughterhouse, tallow chandlery, and soap-manufacturing facility. I conclude with the fundamental shift in ways of understanding animal fat that, beginning in the late eighteenth century, transformed a substance once highly specific and linked directly to a particular animal’s body into something that was subject to chemical analysis and ultimately synthetization. This paper is part of a special issue entitled “Making Animal Materials in Time,” edited by Laurence Douny and Lisa Onaga.
Proteolytic activation of angiomotin by DDI2 promotes angiogenesis
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhu Yuwen , Wang Yebin , Chang Yue , Geng Fang , Ma Mingyue , Gu Yuan , Yu Aijuan , Zhu Rui , Yu Pengcheng , Sha Zhao , Qi Sixian , Li Jian , Zhao Wencao , Pan Weijun , Zhang Ruilin , Yu Fa‐Xing
Published: June 2023

The scaffolding protein angiomotin (AMOT) is indispensable for vertebrate embryonic angiogenesis. Here, we report that AMOT undergoes cleavage in the presence of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid growth factor also involved in angiogenesis. AMOT cleavage is mediated by aspartic protease DNA damage‐inducible 1 homolog 2 (DDI2), and the process is tightly regulated by a signaling axis including neurofibromin 2 (NF2), tankyrase 1/2 (TNKS1/2), and RING finger protein 146 (RNF146), which induce AMOT membrane localization, poly ADP ribosylation, and ubiquitination, respectively. In both zebrafish and mice, the genetic inactivation of AMOT cleavage regulators leads to defective angiogenesis, and the phenotype is rescued by the overexpression of AMOT‐CT, a C‐terminal AMOT cleavage product. In either physiological or pathological angiogenesis, AMOT‐CT is required for vascular expansion, whereas uncleavable AMOT represses this process. Thus, our work uncovers a signaling pathway that regulates angiogenesis by modulating a cleavage‐dependent activation of AMOT.
Sustainable bio-composites for highway infrastructure: Feasibility of material substitution in existing products
Authors: Karas Michael , Muszynski Lech
Published: June 2023

The U.S, Forest Service regularly removes tons of dead biomass from federal forestlands to control and prevent devastating wildfires. Every year thinning young trees and brush, as well as removing dead biomass from the forest floor generates large quantities of low-grade woody material for which there is little use. Currently this biomass is either burned on-site, or at facilities to generate electricity. Finding a sustainable long-term utilization scheme for this material may generate a steady demand for this material and improve the economics of fire prevention. In this project the feasibility of substituting non-renewable materials currently used in a wide variety of highway infrastructure products, with sustainable composites utilizing low-grade woody biomass is investigated as potential alternative to burning. Devices such as traffic signs, road markers, and guardrails are installed on public roadways in high volumes. Until now, there have been no clear guidelines established for systematically assessing the viability of full or partial material substitution with more sustainable alternatives. A conceptual framework is presented, outlining necessary input information, inquiries, practical steps, and decision points necessary to determine if material substitution in a product or its individual components is viable. This procedure can assist entrepreneurs and small-scale businesses willing to enter the market, and provide opportunities in rural regions affected by the decline in the forest products industry. The application of this procedure is demonstrated on three selected highway products. Potential benefits to the environment, the economy, and local communities are discussed.
Ultrastructural topochemistry of cell wall polymers in Populus nigra by transmission electron microscopy and Raman imaging
Authors: Ma Jianfeng , Zhang Zhiheng , Yang Guihua , Mao Jianzhen , Xu Feng
Published: June 2023

The topochemical distribution of lignin and cellulose in individual cell wall layers of Populus nigra stem was determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal Raman microscopy. TEM images exhibited the fiber wall as being typically differentiated into three layers: middle lamella (ML), primary wall (P), and secondary wall (S1, S2, and S3). Higher magnification views showed the S2 layer to be differentiated into electron lucent and dense areas in the radial direction. In situ Raman images calculated by integrating over the intensity of characteristic spectral bands enabled visualization of the spatial variation in lignin and cellulose. Raman images acquired by integrating over the spectral band at 1605 cm-1 suggested that higher lignin content was visualized in the cell corner (CC), the compound middle lamella (CML), and the secondary wall of ray parenchyma. Cellulose distribution followed by taking the band regions around 2897 cm-1 into account showed the opposite pattern, with the highest content in fiber secondary wall. The SEM-EDXA provided semi-quantitative results, showing that the lignin content ratio in various cell wall layers was 1.4 (CC):1.1(CML):1(S2).
Binderless panels made with black spruce bark
Authors: Gao Zhenhua , Wang Xiang-Ming , Wan Hui , Brunette Gilles
Published: June 2023

The bark of black spruce was thermo-mechanically refined and used to manufacture binderless bark-based fiberboard with various pressing temperatures, times, and panel structures in order to utilize an abundant bark resource for a better value-added application. The test results indicated that it is technically feasible to manufacture binderless fiberboard with refined black spruce bark through self-bonding under elevated temperatures over a reasonable period of pressing time. Binderless bark-based fiberboards with a homogeneous structure had very poor flexural properties due to the poor strength of bark itself; however, by using a sandwich structure with 30wt% wood fiber in the surface layers and 70wt% bark in the core layer it was possible to sufficiently improve panel flexural properties so that the manufactured binderless bark-based fiberboards was able to meet the mechanical property requirements of 115-grade fiberboard according to ANSI A208.2 (2009). Refining conditions had a great impact on the mechanical properties of binderless bark-based fiberboard.
Physical and mechanical properties of plywood manufactured from treated red-heart beech (Fagus orientalis L.) wood veneers
Authors: Jamalirad Loya , Doosthoseini Kazem , Koch Gerald , Mirshokraie Seyed Ahmad , Hedjazi Sahab
Published: June 2023

Effects of drying temperature and artificial UV irradiation on the pH of veneer surfaces, water absorption, thickness swelling, as well as shear strength of plywood manufactured from untreated and treated veneer sheets were evaluated. Rotary cut veneer sheets from beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) log were selected. The veneer sheets were dried at either 100°C or 180°C after peeling. Then the surfaces were exposed to artificial UV irradiation in an UV chamber for 1, 2, and 3 days representing a natural sun irradiation of 2, 4, and 6 months, respectively. Tests by UV microspectrophotometry showed that after high temperature drying and UV irradiation treatment, lignin condensation occurs. Also with increasing drying temperature and UV irradiation duration phenolic extractives are mainly concentrated in parenchyma cells and vessel lumens. HPLC analysis of the treated tissue showed distinct signals of catechin and 2,6-dimethoxybenzoquinon, which are two chromophoric compounds in discolored red hearted beech wood. Increasing drying temperature up to 180°C improved water absorption, thickness swelling, and shear strength of plywood samples. Especially, when veneers were exposed to UV irradiation (6 months), increased water absorption and thickness swelling and decreased the shear strength of plywood samples were observed.
Effect of particle size on the characterization of binderless particleboard made from Rhizophora spp. mangrove wood for use as phantom material
Authors: Marashdeh Mohammad Wasef , Hashim Rokiah , Tajuddin Abd Aziz , Bauk Sabar , Sulaiman Othman
Published: June 2023

Experimental binderless particleboards were made from various sizes of Rhizophora spp. particles. The experimental samples were made by cold pressing the particles to a target density of 1 gm/cm3. The internal bond strength and dimensional stability of the disks were evaluated based on Japanese standards. The experimental results showed that the internal bond strength and dimensional stability of the samples were enhanced as the particle size decreased. The microstructure of samples was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). An X-ray diffraction (XRD) procedure was used to study the crystalline structure of binderless particleboard samples.
La «conspiración» de los contrarios: cristología y antropología en Gregorio de Nisa
Authors: Brugarolas Miguel
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se explora la relación entre la antropología y la cristología en el pensamiento de Gregorio de Nisa. A partir de algunos textos del De hominis opificio, se analiza la correlación entre la paradoja antropológica y la paradoja cristológica. La respuesta a la pregunta, cómo puede el ser humano, envuelto de mal, ser imagen de quien no guarda ninguna relación con la maldad, viene dada por la conspiración de los contrarios que se da en Cristo: la vida viene a través de la muerte y la gloria a través de la deshonra de la cruz.
Grant Amount and Firm Revenue Performance: Moderating Effects of Government Financial Support Scheme
Authors:   University of South Africa, South Africa, Aluko Timothy Olaniyi , Bayai Innocent ,   University of South Africa, South Africa
Published: June 2023

This study tests the interaction effect of government financial support for small businesses in the relationship between business revenue and the grant-approved amount in the post-financial support scheme in South Africa. Pre- and post-internal administrative datasets of the beneficiary firm were collected from the scheme between 2011 – 2018. The regression estimation procedure was based on the Pooled OLS regression and the GLS Random Effects (RE) model based on the Breusch-Pagan Lagrangian multiplier test. The theoretical approach in the study is based on the capital-revenue framework of firm output, represented by firms’ revenue performance level post-financial assistance, which serves as a marker of the beneficiary firm's revenue performance. Findings show, grant-approved amount had a statistically significant and positive effect on the revenue growth of grant beneficiary firms. The indication is for every 1 per cent increase in grant amount received by firms led to about a one per cent increase in revenue growth. The finding has useful implications to help strengthen the provision of government grants to small enterprises and provide a new framework for future studies on small business performance looking at the small enterprise support ecosystem which can be helpful to come up with planning for the working capital business models.
The Relationship between Culture and Parental Financial Socialization
Authors:   University of South Africa (RSA), South Africa, Ndou Adam
Published: June 2023

Culture has become an important aspect of parental financial socialization in rural and low-income areas across the world, and there is an increasing need for these studies in this field. This study heeds this call and investigates the relationship between culture and parental financial socialization in rural and low-income areas in South Africa. Parental financial socialization is measured through parental financial behavior, parental financial monitoring, parental financial discussion, parental financial communication, and parental financial teaching. A quantitative research approach is adopted in this study. A self-administered questionnaire is used to collect data in Fetakgomo Tubatse and Intsika Yethu municipalities, as they are the most rural and lowincome areas in South Africa. Correlation analysis is used to analyze data. The results show a negative relationship between Culture and Parental financial socialization. Thus, parents who uphold cultural values are less likely to engage in parental financial socialization. Based on the results, this study provides important recommendations to parents, financial educators, and the government to improve parental financial socialization. This study also offers suggestions for future studies in the field of culture and parental financial socialization
Religion and Immigrant Occupational Attainment across Social Integration Contexts in Finland
Authors:   University of Eastern Finland, Finland, Otiso Richard Ondicho
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on expanding the existing knowledge on contextual social integration of immigrants based on religion and occupational attainment. Drawing on the theory of social exchange, it identifies that immigrant religion in Finland serves as a marker of ethnic structures and social identify for minority groups of groups. Religion is the main social identity that provides an institutional belongingness that provides access to tangible resources. These claims are supported by a systematic literature review of prior scholarly work that have investigated the area of religion, migration, and social integration. Using empirical data obtained from interviews conducted on selected number of immigrants living in Helsinki, Finland, this article analyzes the effects of religion across social integration contexts in relation to immigrant occupational attainment. Analysis of the interviews find out to a limited extent that in immigrant religious circles social integration is enhanced and there are high chances of connection to occupational opportunities. Similarly, there is an association of discrimination in structural social integration in case of immigrant strong religious expressions. By contrast, this article found out that in case of matching immigrant and natives’ religious practice religious participation and attendance seems to be positively associated with occupational attainment.
Financial Securities for Tour Operators in Case of Insolvency Resulting from the Directive 2015/2302 of the European Parliament and of the Council which are in Force in Poland
Authors:   Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Poland, Marak Katarzyna
Published: June 2023

The insolvency of travel agencies is dealt with in a special way by the EU legislator. European Union law introduces legal solutions for the benefit of consumers insofar as the relevant services are not performed by organizers as a consequence of its insolvency. The current 2015/2302 Directive provides much more comprehensive protection than 90/314/EWG Directive for travelers in the event of insolvency of a tour operator. However, in the past, in the practical functioning of travel agencies, it has repeatedly turned out that the Polish legislation has not been able to guarantee full protection provided for in EU law. This situation has changed. In Poland, since August 1, 2018 the system of security and financial guarantees in the event of insolvency of organizers and traders facilitating linked travel arrangements consists of two pillars. If Pillar I funds are exhausted, the costs of actions taken by the Marshal of the Province related to the repatriation of the customers of an insolvent tour operator will be covered from Pillar II, which is created from contributions to the Tourist Guarantee Fund. Due to the COVID pandemic, another form of security was introduced in Poland from January 1, 2021 - Tourist Assistance Fund. The fund is designed to support tourism entrepreneurs in the event of extraordinary circumstances. The aim of the paper is to present the legal regulations in force in Poland in the field of financial security of tour operators in the event of their insolvency and to analyze whether these solutions sufficiently protect the interests of travelers. Conclusions included in the paper justify the statement that the extension of the security system by Pillar II make the full protection possible. The two-pillar solution should be sufficient in case of insolvency of a travel agency and that it fully implements the EU recommendations.
Dinamika Penjatuhan Talak Melalui Whatsapp dalam Paradigma Pembaharuan Hukum Keluarga Islam
Authors: Ropei Ahmad , Sururie Ramdani Wahyu
Published: June 2023

This article aims to describe the paradigm of Islamic family law reform against the dynamics of the imposition of divorce through WhatsApp  media, one of the problems often faced in various divorce cases. This paper is classified as a qualitative type, with the approach used being library research. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive-analytical techniques. The results of this article indicate that the adoption of divorce via WhatsApp according to most legal scholars is valid with the qiyas approach as the delivery of divorce through writing in the form of a letter. Meanwhile, in the paradigm of reforming Islamic family law in Indonesia, the imposition of divorce via WhatsApp  is considered invalid, considering that the validity of the divorce is only recognized when it is sworn in before the court. This paradigm is based on various efforts to achieve the benefit, especially to avoid arbitrary actions by the husband against his wife unilaterally in terms of imposing divorce and obtaining legal legality.
Tolok Ukur Kesepadanan (Kafa’ah) dalam Pernikahan: Perspektif Ibnu ‘Abdil Barr dan Imam Ibnu Al-Humam
Authors: Wafirah Athifatul
Published: June 2023

This research is library research that aims to explain the thoughts of scholars regarding the concept of kafa'ah. The method chosen is the descriptive analysis method with a comparative approach, which describes the data regarding the opinion of Ibnu 'Abdil Barr and the opinion of Imam Ibnu Al-Humam about the benchmark of equivalence (kafa'ah) in marriage. The data is then analyzed using comparative analysis. From the results of the study, it was found that Ibnu 'Abdil Barr determined the benchmark of equivalence (kafa'ah) based on the Qur'an, Hadith, and ijma' al-madīnah experts. Meanwhile, Imam Ibnu Al-Humam in determining the criterion of equality (kafa'ah) in marriage is based on the Qur'an, Hadith, and 'urf. Ibnu 'Abdil Barr and Imam Ibnu Al-Humam have the same istinbat method, namely using the Qur'an and Hadith as the main and second basis. The difference between the two lies in determining the benchmark of equivalence (kafa'ah) in terms of religion alone, the basis for strengthening Ibn 'Abdil Barr in determining the benchmark of equivalence on the consensus of al-Madinah experts. Meanwhile, Imam Ibnu Al-Humam determines the benchmark of equivalence (kafa'ah) from five criteria, namely: lineage, independence, religion, wealth and profession. Imam Ibn Al-Humam uses 'urf as a consideration.
Between Work and Family: Multiple Role Strategies of Career Women in Sultan Agung Islamic University
Authors: Nizar Muchamad Coirun , Tamara Feria , Ardi M. Noviani
Published: June 2023

Career women have their own challenges to manage interests between work and family. However, not all career women are able to answer the demands to execute these two interests optimally. This paper aims to see what is behind the dual role of career women at Sultan Agung Islamic University and how they negotiate these two interests. This study is an empirical study using a gender approach. This paper finds that the dominant factors that place them in a dual role are economics and self-existence. Therefore, the negotiation process by establishing communication and cooperation in the household is the main thing. This strategy has an important impact on how the power of mutual trust and an attitude of responsibility is built in husband and wife relationships. In this position, the dual role chosen by career women does not further corner her position as a woman, but instead strengthens her position as the key holder of harmonious and stable relationships in the household.