bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoupling of Temperature and Strain Effects on Optical Fiber-Based Measurements of Thermomechanical Loaded Printed Circuit Board Assemblies
Authors: Leite Tiago Maurício , Freitas Cláudia , Magalhães Roberto , Ferreira da Silva Alexandre , Alves José R. , Viana Júlio C. , Delgado Isabel
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the use of distributed optical fiber sensing to measure temperature and strain during thermomechanical processes in printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing. An optical fiber (OF) was bonded to a PCB for simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain. Optical frequency-domain reflectometry was used to interrogate the fiber optic sensor. As the optical fiber is sensitive to both temperature and strain, a demodulation technique is required to separate both effects. Several demodulation techniques were compared to find the best one, highlighting their main limitations. The importance of good estimations of the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the OF and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the PCB was highlighted for accurate results. Furthermore, the temperature sensitivity of the bonded OF should not be neglected for accurate estimations of strains. The two-sensor combination model provided the best results, with a 2.3% error of temperature values and expected strain values. Based on this decoupling model, a methodology for measuring strain and temperature variations in PCB thermomechanical processes using a single and simple OF was developed and tested, and then applied to a trial in an industrial environment using a dynamic oven with similar characteristics to those of a reflow oven. This approach allows the measurement of the temperature profile on the PCB during oven travel and its strain state (warpage).
A Federated Blockchain Architecture for File Storage with Improved Latency and Reliability in IoT DApp Services
Authors: Na Dongjun , Kim Jinbum , Jeon Juseong , Park Sejin
Published: October 2023

Blockchain technology can address data falsification, single point of failure (SPOF), and DDoS attacks on centralized services. By utilizing IoT devices as blockchain nodes, it is possible to solve the problem that it is difficult to ensure the integrity of data generated by using current IoT devices. However, as the amount of data generated by IoT devices increases, scalability issues are inevitable. As a result, large amounts of data are managed on external cloud storage or distributed file storage. However, this has the disadvantage of being outside the blockchain network. This makes it difficult to ensure reliability and causes high latency during data download and upload. To address these limitations, we propose a method for managing large amounts of data in the local storage node of a blockchain network with improved latency and reliability. Each blockchain network node stores data, which is synchronized and recovered based on reaching a consensus between smart contracts in a cluster network. The cluster network consists of a service leader node that serves as a gateway for services and a cluster node that stores service data in storage. The blockchain network stores synchronization and recovery metadata created in the cluster network. In addition, we showed that the performance of smart contract execution, network transmission, and metadata generation, which are elements of the proposed consensus process, is not significantly affected. In addition, we built a service leader node and a cluster node by implementing the proposed structure. We compared the performance (latency) of IoT devices when they utilized the proposed architecture and existing external distributed storage. Our results show improvements up to 4 and 10 times reduction in data upload (store) and download latency, respectively.
Bone Health, Body Composition and Physiological Demands in 70–85-Year-Old Lifelong Male Football Players
Authors: Martone Domenico , Vitucci Daniela , Mancini Annamaria , Ermidis Georgios , Panduro Jeppe , Cosco Loretta Francesca , Randers Morten Bredsgaard , Larsen Malte Nejst , Mohr Magni , Buono Pasqualina , Krustrup Peter
Published: October 2023

The effects of lifelong football training on bone health, body composition and physiological demands were evaluated. A total of 20 veteran football players (VPG; 73.4 ± 3.7 years) and 18 untrained age-matched men (CG; 75.6 ± 4.2 years) were enrolled. Whole-body and regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of arms, legs, proximal femur and lower spine (L1-L4) were recorded in all participants. We observerd higher bone mineral density (BMD) in the whole-body, arms and femoral regions and higher bone mineral content (BMC) in the legs and lower spine compared to the CG (p < 0.05), also higher total lean body mass (p < 0.05) and lower total body fat percentage (p < 0.05), were found. No differences in food habits were evidenced between the VPG and the CG, as evaluated using 3-day food records. Resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure (BP) and activity profile during a football match were recorded using a global positioning system only in the VPG. The mean heart rate (HR)of theoretical maximal HR (ThHRmax), and peak of ThHRmax were 83.9 ± 8.6% and 98.6 ± 10.2%, respectively; the mean of total distance covered was 3666 ± 721 m, and the means of accelerations and decelerations were 419 ± 61 and 428 ± 65, respectively. Lifelong participation in football training improves regional BMD and BMC in legs, femur and lumbar spine compared to the CG. A high number of intense actions in term of HR and accelerations and decelerations suggests an elevated energy expenditure that in turn correlates to the healthier body composition observed in the VPG compared to the CG.
Construction Simulation and Environmental Impact Analysis: Towards a 4D-Based Analysis of Road Project Variants
Authors: Ngbana Théophile Elias , Yonkeu Samuel , Boton Conrad
Published: October 2023

Road construction work has a multitude of impacts on its host environment, and the effect of these impacts varies according to the areas it crosses. Taking these impacts into account from the earliest stages of project planning is the ideal approach pursued by planners to ensure that their plans not only take these impacts into account but also mitigate their effects as much as possible. Drawing up a project schedule that considers the impact of the work requires an in-depth understanding of its scale, spatial extent, and timing. In practice, however, such an understanding is difficult to achieve due to the complex and variable nature of impacts. To help project planners understand the impacts of a road project from the outset so they can better plan mitigation measures, we have developed a conceptual framework for four-dimensional Building Information Modeling (4D BIM) deployment that visualizes the most significant impacts on the project site’s surrounding environment in terms of their spatial extent and progression over time. By testing the method on a case study of a road improvement project in northwestern Quebec, the method shows that, compared with traditional 2D methods, the proposed 3D and 4D impact visualization modeling provides an integral perspective for visualizing and understanding spatial changes in project impacts over time and enables different possible project implementation variants to be evaluated with relative ease.
Supply Chains in Transition for the Development of Building Components: Three Educational Experiences in a Circular Economy Perspective
Authors: Tedesco Silvia , Montacchini Elena , Lacirignola Angela
Published: October 2023

In line with the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the circular economy may become an opportunity for change even in the construction industry, which is traditionally distinguished for its high resource consumption and considerable waste generation. Schools of architecture play a crucial role because the transition towards a circular economy implies the necessary development of new professional figures with wide-ranging skills that may pave the way for new directions in R&D. This article describes three different learning experiences developed at Politecnico di Torino, which have in common the prospect of supply chains in transition. In particular, it discusses the following: the transition of waste from the agrifood chain to the design sector through the experimentation of panels for furniture; the integration of local supply chains for cork, sheep wool, and soil through the design of insulation blocks and panels; and the ‘as-is’ transition of an element originally used as packaging from the agrifood supply chain to the building envelope component sector. These experiences show the possibility of hybridization between sectors that are only apparently distant from one other. Above all, they can be considered ‘exercises’ to train future architects in the experimentation and transformation of matter, systemic design, and divergent and lateral thinking for the development of new building materials and components.
Role of Green Dynamic Capabilities on Environmental and Social Innovation Behavior: Mediating of Green Creativity and Moderating of Innovation Proclivity
Authors: Li Cai , Hassan Hazrat , Murad Majid , Mirza Farhan
Published: October 2023

The pharmaceutical industry has recently faced many environmental challenges and pressures due to increased environmental awareness. Prior researchers have found that green dynamic capability and green creativity are important aspects of sustainable growth and can provide a competitive edge. On the other hand, enhancing the environmental and social innovation behavior of employees through green dynamic capability and green creativity involves various issues, and there is a need to address these challenges. Therefore, this study’s objective is to examine the influence of green dynamic capability on environmental and social innovation behavior with the mediating role of green creativity and the moderating effect of a manager’s innovation proclivity. This study applied the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SME) method to test the hypotheses on a sample of 320 employees working in pharmaceutical industries in China. The main results are as follows. (1) Green dynamic capability positively influences green creativity and environmental and social innovation behavior. (2) Green creativity has a significant indirect effect on the relationship between green dynamic capability and social innovation behavior. (3) Managers’ innovation proclivity is significantly associated with green creativity and moderates the link between green dynamic capabilities and green creativity. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for practitioners and policymakers to gain a better understanding of how to enhance green dynamic capability and green creativity to achieve the desired environmental and social innovation behavior for sustainability goals.
Using the Collaborative Problem-Solving Model: Findings from an Evaluation of U.S. EPA’s Environmental Justice Academy
Authors: Williamson Dana H. Z. , Good Sheryl , Wilson Daphne , Jelks Na’Taki Osborne , Johnson Dayna A. , Komro Kelli A. , Kegler Michelle C.
Published: October 2023

The U.S. EPA’s Environmental Justice (EJ) Collaborative Problem-Solving (CPS) Model represents a systematic, community-based approach for bringing together various stakeholders to develop solutions to address local EJ and public health concerns. This mixed methods evaluation study, using a two-phase explanatory sequential design that allows for qualitative data to build upon initial quantitative results, reports findings from an evaluation of the U.S. EPA’s EJ Academy (EJA) program that was comprised of a curriculum grounded in the CPS Model and designed to build capacity in addressing EJ concerns. As a part of participation, each EJA Fellow directly applied learned skills to implement an EJ community change project. All Fellows across four cohorts of the EJA (2016–2019; n = 67) were invited to participate in this evaluation and were asked to complete a questionnaire (n = 35) comprised of measures to assess the degree to which CPS Model elements were utilized in the design and implementation of their community projects. Interviews were conducted (n = 25) to further explore the utility of the CPS Model in building capacity to address local environmental challenges. In an assessment of the full CPS Model using all seven elements in a composite measure, more than half of the EJA Fellows (n = 19, 55.9%) had moderate levels of implementation of CPS elements and 17% (n = 6) had high levels of implementation into their projects. Evaluation findings provide insight into the impact and limitations of the EJA with implications for future program planning and distribution of the Academy curriculum to assist communities in addressing EJ concerns and making environmental change.
Investigating the Role of Supply Chain Environmental Risk in Shaping the Nexus of Supply Chain Agility, Resilience, and Performance
Authors: Hsieh Chia-Chun , Chen Shieh-Liang , Huang Chun-Chen
Published: October 2023

Supply chain environmental risks are pivotal situational factors that significantly influence the intricate relationship between a business’s supply chain agility, supply chain resilience, and its ultimate supply chain performance. This study aims to explore the interplay between supply chain agility, supply chain resilience, and supply chain performance, while also investigating the moderating effect of supply chain environmental risks. Data analysis was conducted using hierarchical regression based on a questionnaire survey involving 416 companies in Taiwan’s manufacturing supply chain. The findings reveal several key insights. Firstly, supply chain agility has a positive influence on supply chain resilience, highlighting the importance of a flexible and responsive supply chain to handle challenges effectively. Secondly, supply chain resilience plays a vital role in determining supply chain performance, underscoring its significance in maintaining operational efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, the study identifies that supply chain environmental risks can act as a positive moderator in the relationship between supply chain agility and supply chain resilience. In other words, when faced with environmental risks, companies with higher supply chain agility can leverage this capability to reinforce their supply chain resilience, leading to improved supply chain performance. Additionally, the results shed light on the mediating role of supply chain resilience between supply chain agility and supply chain performance. This suggests that a resilient supply chain acts as an intermediary mechanism through which the positive effects of supply chain agility translate into enhanced overall performance. Given the uncertain and turbulent market environment today, these findings emphasize the importance of adopting supply chain agility and supply chain resilience as indispensable business strategies. Therefore, enterprise leaders and managers should proactively implement measures to enhance these aspects of their supply chain to effectively navigate and overcome environmental risks, ultimately driving supply chain performance.
E-Learning as a Development Tool
Authors: Schulz Małgorzata
Published: October 2023

In the modern world, there is a need to organize learning quickly and effectively. Due to the current economic climate, competition in the educational market, and demographic decline, there is an increasing interest in e-learning at all levels of education but especially in higher education. E-education provides the opportunity to attract students from abroad, those with disabilities, and those who cannot give up their professional work but want or should continue their education. This way of acquiring knowledge is of interest to various people who want to complete their higher education or gain a new profession. The article attempts to answer the following questions: which form of education is more attractive for students, stationary or remote; how do they assess the effects of both of these forms; which of them would they prefer in the event of further learning; and what suggestions do they make to improve distance learning? The article also contains a description of the project of changes undertaken by the State Vocational University in the Masovian Voivodeship (Poland) towards adapting to the requirements of digital reality. The aim of this article is to determine students’ preferences in terms of forms of studying and the university’s response to students’ needs in this area. It also discusses the specifics of the recent popularity of a new teaching model called connectivism. It presents what education based on this method is about and explains how it differs from previously functioning models such as behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructionism. The publication also contains a critique of connectivism and an attempt to indicate what risks and doubts arise from the dissemination of this type of education.
Recovery Strategies for Urban Rail Transit Network Based on Comprehensive Resilience
Authors: Zheng Mingming , Zuo Hanzhang , Zhou Zitong , Bai Yuhan
Published: October 2023

To enhance the resilience of urban rail transit networks in dealing with interference events and facilitating rapid network recovery, this paper focuses on studying damaged urban rail transit networks and proposes comprehensive resilience evaluation indexes for urban rail transit networks that take into account two dimensions: network topology and passenger travel path selection. A bi-level programming model is constructed to maximize the comprehensive toughness, where the upper-level model is an integer planning model for determining the optimal recovery sequence of the affected stations under interference events that result in station closure or inoperability. The lower-level model is a passenger flow allocation model aiming to minimize travelers’ impedance. A genetic algorithm and Dijkstra’s labeling algorithm are used to solve the upper model as well as the shortest path of the lower model, respectively. Using a real-world urban rail transit network as an example, this research applies different recovery strategies, random recovery, node importance-based recovery, and comprehensive toughness-based recovery, across five common interference scenarios to analyze the recovery sequence of stations in each scenario. The modeling results show that the comprehensive toughness-based restoration strategy yields the most favorable results for the rail transportation network, followed by the node importance-based restoration strategy. In addition, the network’s toughness varies more significantly when employing different restoration strategies during target interference, as compared to the random and range interference scenarios.
How Does Environmental Tax Influence the Scale and Efficiency of Green Investment among China’s Heavily Polluting Enterprises?
Authors: Zhao Lingxiao , Tang Yunpeng , Liu Yan
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates the impact of environmental tax on corporate green investment behavior using archival data from China’s A-share-listed companies. We took advantage of the quasi-natural experiment based on China’s environmental “fee-to-tax” reform and employed the difference-in-differences (DID) method. This study goes beyond the existing studies by integrating the scale of green investment with the financial circumstances of the firms to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of green investment. Using the refined Richardson residual econometric model, we accurately measured the green investment efficiency, expanding the policy evaluation of the environmental fee-to-tax transition beyond the investment scale to include efficiency. Our findings indicated that the environmental tax promotes green investment, especially among state-owned firms, firms with fewer financial constraints, and those operating in regions with weaker environmental governance. However, we discovered a trade-off between the growth in the green investment scale and the efficiency of such investments, suggesting a decrease in efficiency due to the tax. Further investigation revealed that corporate agency issues contributed to the heterogeneity in the impact of the environmental tax on green investment efficiency, with firms facing severe agency problems and experiencing more misuse of green investment. This implied that addressing agency issues could alleviate the distortionary effects of the environmental tax on green investment efficiency.
Optimal Grid Flexibility Assessment for Integration of Variable Renewable-Based Electricity Generation
Authors: Zaheb Hameedullah , Ahmadi Mikaeel , Rahmany Nisar Ahmad , Danish Mir Sayed Shah , Fedayi Habibullah , Yona Atsushi
Published: October 2023

This study delves into power system flexibility, with a keen focus on the integration of variable renewable electricity generation into power grids. Two scenarios were analyzed. The base scenario revealed an aging grid, insufficient generation capacity, frequent outages, and little renewable energy generation (1.9%), along with a significant (71.23%) loss of load. In contrast, the investment scenario presented solutions including raising VRE capacity to 44%, adding 1000 MW capacity transmission lines, installing 200 MW capacity grid-scale battery storage, and technological enhancements. These interventions effectively eliminated loss of load, reinforcing energy resilience. Investments in CCGPP and grid-scale batteries proved instrumental in mitigating the variability of renewable energy. Improved transmission promised efficient power exchange and regional collaboration. The elimination of annualized energy spills and the removal of ramping constraints marked significant strides in enhancing power system flexibility. This research underscores the pivotal role of grid flexibility in accommodating VRE sources. By implementing the proposed optimal solutions, Afghanistan can lead the way toward a cleaner, more resilient, and more interconnected energy future. These findings offer a replicable framework for addressing similar challenges in integrating renewable energy sources globally and supporting the transition to sustainable and reliable energy.
The λ-Fold Spectrum Problem for the Orientations of the Eight-Cycle
Authors: Durukan-Odabaşı Şafak , Odabaşı Uğur
Published: October 2023

A D-decomposition of a graph (or digraph) G is a partition of the edge set (or arc set) of G into subsets, where each subset induces a copy of the fixed graph D. Graph decomposition finds motivation in numerous practical applications, particularly in the realm of symmetric graphs, where these decompositions illuminate intricate symmetrical patterns within the graph, aiding in various fields such as network design, and combinatorial mathematics, among various others. Of particular interest is the case where G is K*λKv*, the λ-fold complete symmetric digraph on v vertices, that is, the digraph with λ directed edges in each direction between each pair of vertices. For a given digraph D, the set of all values v for which K*λKv* has a D-decomposition is called the λ-fold spectrum of D. An eight-cycle has 22 non-isomorphic orientations. The λ-fold spectrum problem has been solved for one of these oriented cycles. In this paper, we provide a complete solution to the λ-fold spectrum problem for each of the remaining 21 orientations.
Silver Nanoparticles Decorated with Curcumin Enhance the Efficacy of Metformin in Diabetic Rats via Suppression of Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Hassan Iftekhar , Al-Tamimi Jameel , Ebaid Hossam , Habila Mohamed A. , Alhazza Ibrahim M. , Rady Ahmed M.
Published: October 2023

Hepatotoxicity is one of the significant side effects of chronic diabetes mellitus (DM) besides nephrotoxicity and pancreatitis. The management of this disease is much dependent on the restoration of the liver to its maximum functionality, as it is the central metabolic organ that gets severely affected during chronic diabetes. The present study investigates if the silver nanoparticles decorated with curcumin (AgNP-Cur) can enhance the efficacy of metformin (a conventional antidiabetic drug) by countering the drug-induced hepatoxicity. Swiss albino rats were categorized into six treatment groups (n = 6): control (group I without any treatment), the remaining five groups (group II, IV, V, VI) were DM-induced by streptozocin. Group II was untreated diabetic positive control, whereas groups III was administered with AgNP-cur (5 mg/kg). Diabetic group IV treated with metformin while V and VI were treated with metformin in a combination of the two doses of NPs (5 and 10 mg/kg) according to the treatment schedule. Biochemical and histological analysis of blood and liver samples were conducted after the treatment. The groups V and VI treated with the combination exhibited remarkable improvement in fasting glucose, lipid profile (HDL and cholesterol), liver function tests (AST, ALT), toxicity markers (GGT, GST and LDH), and redox markers (GSH, MDA and CAT) in comparison to group II in most of the parameters. Histological evaluation and comet assay further consolidate these biochemical results, pleading the restoration of the cellular structure of the target tissues and their nuclear DNA. Therefore, the present study shows that the NPs can enhance the anti-diabetic action by suppression of the drug-mediated hepatoxicity via relieving from oxidative stress, toxic burden and inflammation.
Release of Microplastics from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants to Aquatic Ecosystems in Acapulco, Mexico
Authors: Flores-Munguía Enrique J. , Rosas-Acevedo José Luis , Ramírez-Hernández Aurelio , Aparicio-Saguilan Alejandro , Brito-Carmona Rosa M. , Violante-González Juan
Published: October 2023

Contamination of aquatic ecosystems by microplastics (MPs) is mainly due to the release of high levels of MP particles from treated effluents by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Due to the lack of policies and regulations establishing criteria for the control and elimination of MPs from WWTP effluents, this research evaluates the presence of 38 and 150 µm MPs in influents and effluents from three WWTPs in the port of Acapulco, Mexico. Optical microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the MPs were polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyvinyl chloride. MP removal efficiencies of 82.5–98.7% (38 µm) and 86.8–97.5% (150 µm) were achieved. Moreover, the MP average daily emissions to the receiving bodies of the three WWTPs ranged from 9.5 × 106 to 4.70 × 108 particles, while the annual emissions ranged from 3.05 × 109 to 1.72 × 1011 particles. This work reveals the urgency of implementing regulatory policies to avoid the continuous emission of MPs into aquatic ecosystems from WWTPs in Acapulco, Mexico.
The Ageing of Little Red
Authors:   , Mohring Bronwyn
Published: October 2023

The enduring significance of toys is acknowledged through an examination of the history and cultural commonality of toys, from ancient clay toys to the many and enduring uses of toys up to present times. The concepts of Donald Winnicott and Lois Rostow Kuznet link toys to the sub-conscious and the liminal and these links are important to the development of this body of work. The sculptures of contemporary artists Christina Bothwell and Undine Brod are considered with regard to their exploration of toys in their sculptural work, and these artists were influential in the project’s development. The red hooded dress and red shoes paved the way into the realm of fairy tale. Drawing on the research of Kate Bernheimer, Michelle Aldridge, Maria Tatar, Marina Warner and Francesci Vas de Silva, the project focused on fairy tales as expressions of the subconscious through their ‘fever dream’ type narrative. Jack Zipe’s theories are essential to an understanding of where this project sits within the modern context of fairy tale art. Contemporary artists Kiki Smith and Christina Bothwell, and their Red Riding Hood influenced sculptures, are compared, concerning the relevance of fairy tale in contemporary art practices. When exploring the realm of fairy tale an essential character emerged, that of the ‘Big Bad/Evil Old’. Consideration of this character developed into an examination of the monstrous and the fearful. Marina Warner and Maria Tatar link the Big Bad of fairy tales with both ancient and modern human expressions of fear and anxiety. This paved the way for the exploration of Big Bad/Evil Old as symbol of mortality, the most ancient of Evil Olds. Fairy tales have the ability to present societal norms in a manner which challenge societal preconceptions. The depiction of equines in fairy tales reveal humanity’s contradictory and nonsensical attitude toward them. The shod horse, in both fairy tale and history, paved the way for a consideration of the significance of shoes, especially those coloured red and those created in glass. Decision processes behind the use of saggar firing and the links to ‘sympathetic magic’ are examined, drawing upon Susan Stewart, James George Frazer and Richard Andree for both a contemporary and historical perspective. Smoked ceramic works and glass art are compared and contrasted in theme and technique with regard to the artist’s own works. The Aging of Little Red exhibits toy-like objects within a fairy tale narrative which provide the means for the artist to subconsciously and intuitively explore personal realities. These impart insight into inter-species, societal and historical norms. This project begins with a photo and utilizes toy and fairy tale type narrative to concretize expressions of the unconscious fever dream and a consideration of mortality.
Genetic differentiation among autochthonous and cosmopolitan goat breeds based on information from microsatellite markers – a preliminary study
Authors: Kawęcka Aldona , Mąsior Angelika , Pasternak Marta , Sikora Jacek
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the differentiation among three goat breeds ? the autochthonous Carpathian goat and the cosmopolitan Alpine and Anglo-Nubian breeds – based on information from microsatellite markers. Blood samples of 64 goats were collected from three farms
located in southern Poland. The population structure of the collected goats was investigated using the Bayesian approach, implemented in STRUCTURE 2.3.4. The Pairwise Population Fst analysis revealed that the largest genetic distinction was between the Anglo-Nubian and the Alpine breeds. In
each of the analyses carried out, it was observed that the Carpathian breed is genetically more similar to the Alpine breed, while the Anglo-Nubian breed is a separate, much more distinct cluster. It therefore seems reasonable to carry out further research in the context of the genetic relationship
between the two goat breeds (Carpathian and Alpine) adapted to the harsh conditions of mountainous areas.
Contrainteligência: o papel da Segurança Orgânica no processo de seleção, recrutamento e desligamento de agentes no Sistema de Inteligência da Polícia Militar do Paraná
Authors: Kintopp Iwersen Trzeciak , Maba Ana Paula
Published: October 2023

A atuação policial vai além da repressão, envolvendo investigações preventivas e análises estratégicas para produzir conhecimento e apoiar tomadas de decisão frente a criminalidade. Este artigo reflete sobre a importância estratégica da Segurança Orgânica no processo de seleção, recrutamento e desligamento de agentes no Sistema de Inteligência da Polícia Militar do Paraná (SIPOM). Esta área é crucial para o sucesso da Segurança Pública, sendo a pesquisa necessária devido à busca contínua por ações eficazes de Segurança Pública, que tem o Serviço de Inteligência como papel vital na produção de informações para orientar decisões que afetam a sociedade e os policiais. Questiona-se qual o papel da Segurança Orgânica no processo de seleção, recrutamento e desligamento de agentes no Sistema de Inteligência da Polícia Militar do Paraná. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi promover um conhecimento sobre a contextualização da Atividade de Inteligência na Segurança Pública através da PMPR, elucidando sua atividade e os agentes que dela participam contribuindo para a Gestão de Pessoas. Buscando responder a função da Segurança Orgânica na gestão de pessoas na Inteligência, optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa, uma vez que entende a relação entre a Contrainteligência, competências e a Segurança Orgânica, para promoção da Inteligência na PMPR. Através de uma acurada revisão bibliográfica que proporcionou clareza quanto a importância e delimitações do tema proposto, foi possível observar a relevância da Contrainteligência no processo de recrutamento administrativo dos candidatos e acompanhamento das competências necessárias para ocupar uma posição no SIPOM.
Von der Digitalisierung der Logistik profitieren alle
Authors: Nothacker David
Published: October 2023

Mit David Nothacker, CEO von sennder, sprach Dr. Wasko Rothmann, Mitglied des zfo-Herausgeberbeirats, über die Chancen der Digitalisierung für die Logistikbranche und darüber, warum die Logistik in vielen Unternehmen zur Chefsache werden sollte.
¿ES POSIBLE DISMINUIR LA DEPENDENCIA ALIMENTARIA DE MAÍZ EN MÉXICO?
Authors: García-Salazar José Alberto , Ramírez-Jaspeado Rocío , Ávila-Soler Enrique , Ramírez-Barraza Brenda A.
Published: October 2023

Durante las últimas tres décadas la política de seguridad alimentaria de granos en México ha aprovechado los bajos precios internacionales en el mercado mundial y ha permitido que un porcentaje cada vez mayor del consumo sea abastecido con importaciones. En el caso del maíz (Zea mays L.), en 2021 las importaciones de 17.4 millones de t ubicaron el índice de dependencia alimentaria (IDA) en 38.8 %. Con el objetivo analizar la posibilidad de disminuir la dependencia alimentaria de maíz se construyeron cuatro escenarios para determinar el aumento necesario en el rendimiento y en la superficie cosechada que permitiría disminuir el IDA a 25 %. Se utilizó información sobre consumo de maíz, importaciones, exportaciones, producción, superficie y rendimiento (en riego, temporal y ciclo de producción) en 2021, y se estimó una función de producción de maíz en las zonas de temporal con datos a nivel estatal. Los resultados indicaron que un aumento en el rendimiento de 2.57 a 3.32 t ha-1 en las áreas de temporal del ciclo primavera-verano y la modernización de 500 mil ha con sistemas de riego (tecnificados y no tecnificados) podrían disminuir la dependencia alimentaria a 25 %. Por el riesgo en el futuro de un probable aumento en los precios internacionales del maíz, que haría cada vez más difícil lograr la seguridad alimentaria, es recomendable que el Estado mexicano lleve a la práctica las medidas necesarias para aumentar la producción interna y disminuir la dependencia alimentaria.
AGE-ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH COMORBIDITIES WHO LIVE ON THE FAR NORTH TERRITORY. CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Аббасова С. Г. ,   Surgut District Clinical Hospital, Surgut, Russia, Аскерова А. А. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia,   Surgut District Clinical Hospital, Surgut, Russia, Сундукова Е. А. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Закиров Д. Р. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Савш П. А. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia,   Surgut District Clinical Hospital, Surgut, Russia, Арямкина О. Л. ,   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The study aims to analyze the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and age-associated therapeutic comor-bidities in groups of elderly patients in order to detect their interrelation and determine the diagnosis. Based on the data obtained from domestic and foreign literature on redictors of SARS-CoV-2 severity, indications for in-patient treatment, textbooks on resuscitation, outcomes, and age-associated and comorbid factors of its course, the authors examined clinical and epidemiological indicators of 22,628 patients with acute stages of moderate, severe, and extremely severe course of SARS-CoV-2, including 772 patients with long COVID, who underwent treatment in post-COVID hospital from 2020 to 2022. The study shows that during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many residents of the region required hospitalization as well as admission to intensive care departments. In addition to that, elderly patients, especially those with metabolically associated pathology, form a group of patients with a high risk of a severe course of the disease, which worsens the patient’s state in accordance with the complications’ development. Thus, these patients required a special approach to the algorithm of treatment and diagnosis with an analysis of all clinical and epidemiological gerontological aspects of novel infection and the relation between the course and the outcome of the disease in patients with comorbidities.
ETIOLOGY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER AN ERA OF CONJUGATE VACCINES
Authors:   Khanty-Mansi State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, Углева Т. Н. , Ушакова О. Н. ,   District Clinical Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Published: October 2023

The study aims to analyze changes in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after use of conjugate vaccinations against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b in order to develop diagnostic strategies and empirical methods of treatment. The scientific literature on demographic indicators and the trigger profile of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after massive use of conjugate vaccines in many countries was searched for in PubMed, Web of Science, and RISC and reviewed. Routine Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination rapidly lowered the morbidity and severity of community-acquired pneumonia in children. There was a dramatic decline in common bacterial triggers and an increase in viruses and atypical bacteria (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) in the etiology of community-ac- quired pneumonia in children.
NEUROPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF KRYPTON IN PHOTO-INDUCED CEREBRAL INFARCTION IN RATS
Authors:   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia, Шумов И. В. , Антонова В. В. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia, Боева Е. А. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia, Долгих В. Т. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia, Гребенчиков О. А. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2023

The study aims to assess the effect of a two-hour inhalation with a krypton and oxygen mixture following the photo-induced cerebral infarction simulation on the manifestation of neurological deficits and the degree of brain injury in rats. The tests were conducted on male Wistar rats weighting 250 to 300 g (n = 20). Following photo-induced cerebral infarction simulation, the rodents underwent inhalation with a nitrogen and oxygen mixture N2 70%/O2 30% (group Nitrogen; n = 10) or a krypton and oxygen gas mixture Kr 70%/O2 30% (group Krypton; n = 10) for two hours. For the next 14 days, the rats were examined. On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days, the authors performed a neurological test Limb placement, as well as euthanasia and brain removal for histological and mmunohistochemical examinations. It was determined that a two-hour inhalation with a krypton and oxygen gas mixture substantiated more prominent rehabilitation of rats’ neurological states by the seventh day, as well as increased the reparation and regeneration of their injured brains.
Desafios para a inclusão de alunos imigrantes em uma escola pública de Manaus-AM, Brasil
Authors: Farias Rosa Patrícia , Golin Carlo Henrique , Costa Edgar Aparecido da
Published: October 2023

O artigo apresenta uma discussão teórica sobre as situações vivenciadas por estudantes imigrantes da Venezuela e do Haiti em uma escola pública de Manaus (Brasil). O objetivo geral foi debater sobre as potencialidades e dificuldades enfrentadas por eles no cotidiano escolar. Para a análise dessa problemática, formulamos as seguintes questões: a) Como se deu a inclusão desses estudantes imigrantes em uma realidade completamente diferente da sua? b) Como superar alguns desafios, tais como as dificuldades linguísticas, o isolamento e o bullying ? c) Como a equipe pedagógica atuou para minimizar os problemas de adaptação desses alunos? Para investigar, nós utilizamos elementos qualitativos e descritivos e, como procedimento, optamos por uma revisão bibliográfica sobre interculturalidade e sobre os direitos dos imigrantes à educação no Brasil. Além disso, refletimos sobre as experiências vividas e registradas através da observação na referida escola pública. Concluiu-se que, apesar de obstáculos como a dificuldade no uso da língua portuguesa, a diferença de costumes e a ausência de uma política de serviços específica, os imigrantes venezuelanos e haitianos se integram e participam da vida escolar, ainda que de modo parcial.
„Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung ist mir schleierhaft“ – Präkonzepte von Grundschullehramtsstudierenden vor dem Besuch einer BNE-Lehrveranstaltung mit Sachunterrichtsbezug
Authors: Baumann Rebecca , Meyer Simon , Bärtlein Lotta , Martschinke Sabine
Published: October 2023

Sind (angehende) (Grundschul-)Lehrkräfte überhaupt für eine BNE auch im Sachunterricht professionalisiert? Die Forschungslage legt insgesamt eher ein Qualifikationsdefizit in der Lehrkräfte- und Hochschulbildung nahe. Wie bereits vor knapp 20 Jahren gibt auch heute noch ein nicht zu unterschätzender Anteil der (Grundschul-)Lehrkräfte an, den Begriff BNE nie gehört zu haben und, dass BNE im Studium nie thematisiert worden sei. Dieses Wissens- und Ausbildungsdefizit hindert Lehrende an der Durchführung von BNE im Unterricht, obwohl dem Thema von Lehrkräften eine hohe Relevanz zugeschrieben wird. Die Professionalisierung für eine BNE gilt in der Lehrkräftebildung folglich als stark ausbaufähig, weshalb das im Beitrag vorgestellte Lehr- und Forschungsprojekt BNEprimus sich diesem Desiderat widmen möchte. (DIPF/Orig.)
Die Veränderung der Einstellungen von Grundschulkindern zum gemeinsamen Lernen durch die SEGEL-Intervention
Authors: Bosse Stefanie , Spörer Nadine
Published: October 2023

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, inwiefern die Einstellungen der Lernenden zum gemeinsamen Lernen verändert werden können. Die Entwicklung der sozialen und personalen Kompetenzen wird in weiteren Publikationen vorgestellt. Die zugrundeliegende Hypothese nimmt eine Einstellungsverbesserung bei den untersuchten Grundschulkindern an. In Anbetracht der Einstellungsunterschiede in Abhängigkeit von der Art des sonderpädagogischen Förderbedarfs, die vorangegangene Untersuchungen zeigen konnten, werden in der vorliegenden Studie ebenfalls differenzielle Effekte erwartet. (DIPF/Orig.)
Neue Perspektiven durch AR? Förderung von Perspektivenwechseln auf digital gestützten Exkursionen im BNE-Themenfeld Mobilität
Authors: Kollar Isabelle , Laub Jochen
Published: October 2023

Für den Sachunterricht bieten digitale Repräsentationen eine Reihe von Herausforderungen, aber auch viele Chancen, die Begegnung von Schüler*innen mit Gegenständen der Welt didaktisch zu gestalten. Der vorliegende Beitrag betrachtet die Möglichkeiten, mit Schüler*innen bei Exkursionen zum BNE Themenfeld Mobilität die digitale Ebene durch Augmented Reality Überlagerungen einzubinden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Zur Bedeutung einer Ethik pädagogischer Beziehungen für nachhaltiges Lernen in der Grundschule
Authors: Heinzel Friederike , Fischer Natalie , Kowalski Marlene , Piezunka Anne , Prengel Annedore , Schichtholz Anna
Published: October 2023

Gute pädagogische Beziehungen gelten als Gelingensbedingungen für die persönliche Entwicklung, für kognitive Lernprozesse und für eine demokratische Sozialisation von Schüler*innen. Auf der Basis von Ansätzen zum nachhaltigen Lernen einerseits und Theorien sowie Forschungsergebnissen zu Anerkennung und Vertrauen in pädagogischen Beziehungen andererseits wird in diesem Beitrag, der auf einem Symposium beruht, die Frage nach der Bedeutung einer Ethik pädagogischer Beziehungen für die Arbeit in der Grundschule thematisiert. Darüber hinaus werden Befunde zur Rezeption und Relevanz der Reckahner Reflexionen, als „code of ethics“ in der Lehrer*innenbildung, präsentiert und diskutiert. (DIPF/Orig.)
Hochbegabung und Hochleistung fördern – ein Lehr- und Forschungskonzept mit Theorie-Praxis-Verzahnung für angehende Grundschullehrkräfte
Authors: Keimerl Verena F. , Hess Miriam
Published: October 2023

Die Notwendigkeit, die Förderung besonders leistungsfähiger und begabter Grundschüler*innen im Sinne des gesamtgesellschaftlichen Gewinns zu verbessern, bedarf vertiefter Professionalisierung (angehender) Grundschullehrkräfte im Umgang mit (Hoch-)Begabung und (Hoch-)Leistung. Die häufig zu geringe Verzahnung pädagogisch-psychologischen Wissens mit unterrichtlichen Handlungskompetenzen erschwert es (angehenden) Grundschullehrkräften, Unterricht begabungsfördernd zu gestalten. Insbesondere kommt eine kognitiv aktivierende Unterrichtsführung im Grundschulunterricht selten vor. Ziel des Teilprojekts „Inklusive Begabtenförderung im Lehramtsstudium der Primarstufe“ (ingenium primar) des Projekts ProHet („Professionalisierung Lehramtsstudierender hinsichtlich Heterogenität“), das im Rahmen des BMBF-Projekts „Wegweisende Lehrerbildung“ (WegE) an der Universität Bamberg durchgeführt wird, ist es daher, angehende Grundschullehrkräfte mittels der Theorie-Praxis-Lehrveranstaltung „Hochbegabung und Hochleistung in der Grundschule“ für die begabungsfördernde Gestaltung innerschulischer Enrichmentkurse an einer bayerischen Grundschule mit Begabtenförderungsprofil zu qualifizieren. Hierfür sollte (1) ein geeignetes Lehrkonzept erarbeitet werden und (2) analysiert werden, inwieweit Grundschullehramtsstudierende Enrichment-Kurse für (hoch-)begabte und hochleistende Grundschulkinder motivierend, differenzierend und kognitiv aktivierend gestalten. (DIPF/Orig.) (DIPF/Orig.)
Schulstrukturelle Gelingensbedingungen von Grundschulen in heterogenen sozialräumlichen Kontexten
Authors: Kürzinger Anja , Immerfall Stefan
Published: October 2023

Während die Qualitätskriterien leistungsstarker Schulen in sozial benachteiligter Lage international umfangreich dokumentiert wurden, liegen – bis auf Ausnahmen – für den deutschsprachigen Raum vergleichsweise wenig systematische Befunde vor. Mit Blick auf die eher dürftige Befundlage einerseits und den zunehmenden sozialräumlichen Disparitäten sowie den steigenden Lesedefiziten an Grundschulen in Baden-Württemberg andererseits wird in der vorliegenden Studie Stabil (starke und bildungsgerechte Grundschulen) die Beziehung zwischen schulstrukturellen Merkmalen, der Schulkomposition sowie der Leseleistung baden-württembergischer Grundschüler*innen beleuchtet. Für den vorliegenden Beitrag ist folgende Forschungsfrage leitend: Inwiefern unterscheiden sich sozial verschieden zusammengesetzte Grundschulen in den ausgewählten schulstrukturellen Merkmalen Schulklima, Leistungsorientierung an der Schule, Personalmangel und Ziele während der COVID-19-Pandemie? (DIPF/Orig.)
‘Izz al-Dīn al-Zanjānī and His Scientific Contribution to Mathematics and Astronomy
Authors: GHERABA Ouassila
Published: October 2023

In this research paper, light is shed on unknown life of a forgotten mathematician. He achieved a fame through his writings and literary works that highlighted his scientific personality. He lived in a tense and dark period of Islamic history in Islamic East. This mathematician is ʿIzz al-Dīn al-Zanjānī, who lived in the first half of seventh century AH/ thirteenth century AD during Mongol invasion of Islamic East. We also try to enumerate his various works in mathematics and astronomy with their locations in different libraries of the world, and refer to books of his authorship that were attributed to others.