bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of the ossification of the lateral cuneiform in the feet of young children with unilateral congenital talipes equinovarus
Authors: Lang P. J. , Avoian T. , Sangiorgio S. N. , Nazif M. A. , Ebramzadeh E. , Zionts L. E.
Published: August 2017

Aims

After the initial correction of congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) using the Ponseti method, a subsequent dynamic deformity is often managed by transfer of the tendon of tibialis anterior (TATT) to the lateral cuneiform. Many surgeons believe the lateral cuneiform should be ossified before surgery is undertaken. This study quantifies the ossification process of the lateral cuneiform in children with CTEV between one and three years of age.

Patients and Methods

The length, width and height of the lateral cuneiform were measured in 43 consecutive patients with unilateral CTEV who had been treated using the Ponseti method. Measurements were taken by two independent observers on standardised anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of both feet taken at one, two and three years of age.

Results

All dimensions of the lateral cuneiform on the affected side increased annually but remained smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the unaffected foot (p < 0.01). The lateral cuneiform resembled a 9 mm cube at two years and an 11 mm cube at three years.

Conclusion

At one and two years, the ossification centre of the lateral cuneiform may not be large enough to accommodate a drill hole for tendon transfer. However, by three years, it has undergone sufficient ossification to do so. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1109–14.
Factors affecting the rate of surgical site infection in patients after hemiarthroplasty of the hip following a fracture of the neck of the femur
Authors: de Jong L. , Klem T. M. A. L. , Kuijper T. M. , Roukema G. R.
Published: August 2017

Aims

Surgical site infection can be a devastating complication of hemiarthroplasty of the hip, when performed in elderly patients with a displaced fracture of the femoral neck. It results in a prolonged stay in hospital, a poor outcome and increased costs. Many studies have identified risk and prognostic factors for deep infection. However, most have combined the rates of infection following total hip arthroplasty and internal fixation as well as hemiarthroplasty, despite the fact that they are different entities. The aim of this study was to clarify the risk and prognostic factors causing deep infection after hemiarthroplasty alone.

Patients and Methods

Data were extracted from a prospective hip fracture database and completed by retrospective review of the hospital records. A total of 916 patients undergoing a hemiarthroplasty in two level II trauma teaching hospitals between 01 January 2011 and 01 May 2016 were included. We analysed the potential peri-operative risk factors with univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results

A total of 92 patients (10%) had a surgical site infection, and 44 (4.9%) developed a deep infection. After univariable analyses, the multivariable model showed that the level of experience of the surgeon measured by the number of hemiarthroplasties performed per year was a significant prognostic factor (odds ratio (OR) 0.93, p = 0.042) for the development of an infection. Secondly, the development of a haematoma (OR 9.6, p < 0.001), a re-operation (OR 4.7, p = 0.004) and an operating time of < 45 mins (OR 5.1, p = 0.002) or > 90 mins (OR 2.7, p = 0.034) were also significant factors.

Conclusion

There was a significant association between the experience of the surgeon and the rate of deep infection. Secondly, a haematoma, a re-operation and both shorter and longer operating times were associated with an increased risk of deep infection after hemiarthroplasty. No association was found between deep infection and the anatomical approach, the time when surgery was undertaken and the use of a drain. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1088–94.
The validity and reproducibility of cross table radiographs compared with CT scans for the measurement of anteversion of the acetabular component after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pankaj A. , Mittal A. , Chawla A.
Published: August 2017

Aims

The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility and validity of cross table radiographs for measuring the anteversion of the acetabular component after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and to compare it with measurements using CT scans.

Patients and Methods

A total of 29 patients who underwent THA between June 2010 and January 2016 were included. There were 17 men and 12 women. Their mean age was 43 years (26 to 65). Seven patients underwent a bilateral procedure. Thus, 36 THAs were included in the study. Lateral radiographs and CT scans were obtained post-operatively and radiographs repeated three weeks later. The anteversion of the acetabular component was measured using the method described by Woo and Morrey and the ischiolateral method described by Pulos et al and these were compared with the results obtained from CT scans.

Results

The mean anteversion was 18.35° (3° to 38°) using Woo and Morrey’s method, 51.45° (30° to 85°) using the ischiolateral method and 21.22° (2° to 48°) using CT scans. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.754 for Woo and Morrey’s method and 0.925 for the ischiolateral method. There was a linear correlation between the measurements using the ischiolateral method and those using CT scans. We derived a simple linear equation between the value of the CT scan and that of ischiolateral method to deduce the CT scan value from that of ischiolateral method and vice versa.

Conclusion

The anteversion of the acetabular component measured using both plain radiographic methods was consistently valid with good interobserver reproducibility, but the ischiolateral method which is independent of pelvic tilt was more accurate. As CT is costly, associated with a high dose of radiation and not readily available, the ischiolateral method can be used for assessing the anteversion of the acetabular component. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1006–11.
A case control study to determine the association between Perthes’ disease and the recalled use of tobacco during pregnancy, and biological markers of current tobacco smoke exposure
Authors: Perry D. C. , Thomson C. , Pope D. , Bruce C. E. , Platt M. J.
Published: August 2017

Aims

It is well established that there is a strong association between Perthes’ disease and worsening socioeconomic deprivation. It has been suggested that the primary determinant driving this association is exposure to tobacco smoke. This study aimed to examine this hypothesis.

Patients and Methods

A hospital case-control study (n = 149/146) examined the association between tobacco smoke exposure and Perthes’ disease, adjusting for area-level socioeconomic deprivation. Tobacco smoke exposure was assessed by parental questionnaire of smoking habits during pregnancy, and by quantitative assay of current exposure using the urinary cotinine-creatinine ratio, which is a widely used and validated measure of tobacco smoke exposure.

Results

The odds of Perthes’ disease significantly increased with reported in utero exposure after adjustment for socioeconomic deprivation (maternal smoking odds ratio (OR) 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17 to 3.63; paternal smoking OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.46). The cotinine-creatinine ratio was significantly greater in cases, OR 1.63 (95% CI 1.09 to 2.43), suggesting a greater ‘dose’ of current tobacco exposure.

Conclusion

An association exists between tobacco smoke exposure and Perthes’ disease but we remain unable to disentangle the association with socioeconomic deprivation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1102–8.
Ceramic-on-ceramic bearing fractures in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Howard D. P. , Wall P. D. H. , Fernandez M. A. , Parsons H. , Howard P. W.
Published: August 2017

Aims

Ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings in total hip arthroplasty (THA) are commonly used, but concerns exist regarding ceramic fracture. This study aims to report the risk of revision for fracture of modern CoC bearings and identify factors that might influence this risk, using data from the National Joint Registry (NJR) for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man.

Patients and Methods

We analysed data on 223 362 bearings from 111 681 primary CoC THAs and 182 linked revisions for bearing fracture recorded in the NJR. We used implant codes to identify ceramic bearing composition and generated Kaplan-Meier estimates for implant survivorship. Logistic regression analyses were performed for implant size and patient specific variables to determine any associated risks for revision.

Results

A total of 222 852 bearings (99.8%) were CeramTec Biolox products. Revisions for fracture were linked to seven of 79 442 (0.009%) Biolox Delta heads, 38 of 31 982 (0.119%) Biolox Forte heads, 101 of 80 170 (0.126%) Biolox Delta liners and 35 of 31 258 (0.112%) Biolox Forte liners. Regression analysis of implant size revealed smaller heads had significantly higher odds of fracture (chi-squared 68.0, p < 0.001). The highest fracture risk was observed in the 28 mm Biolox Forte subgroup (0.382%). There were no fractures in the 40 mm head group for either ceramic type. Liner thickness was not predictive of fracture (p = 0.67). Body mass index (BMI) was independently associated with revision for both head fractures (odds ratio (OR) 1.09 per unit increase, p = 0.031) and liner fractures (OR 1.06 per unit increase, p = 0.006).

Conclusions

We report the largest independent study of CoC bearing fractures to date. The risk of revision for CoC bearing fracture is very low but previous studies have underestimated this risk. There is good evidence that the latest generation of ceramic has greatly reduced the odds of head fracture but not of liner fracture. Small head size and high patient BMI are associated with an increased risk of ceramic bearing fracture. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1012–19.
Optimization of SMES and TCSC using particle swarm optimization for oscillation mitigation in a multi machines power system
Authors: Lastomo Dwi , Setiadi Herlambang , Djalal Muhammad Ruswandi
Published: August 2017

Due to the uncertainty of load demand, the stability of power system becomes more insecure. Small signal stability or low-frequency oscillation is one of stability issues which correspond to power transmission between interconnected power systems. To enhance the small signal stability, an additional controller such as energy storage and flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices become inevitable. This paper investigates the application of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) and thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) to mitigate oscillation in a power system. To get the best parameter values of SMES and TCSC, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used. The performance of the power system equipped with SMES and TCSC was analyzed through time domain simulations. Three machines (whose power ratings are 71.641, 163, and 85 MW) nine buses power system was used for simulation. From the simulation results, it is concluded that SMES and TCSC can mitigate oscillatory condition on the power system especially in lowering the maximum overshoot up to 0.005 pu in this case. It was also approved that PSO can be used to obtain the optimal parameter of SMES and TCSC.
AFR and fuel cut-off modeling of LPG-fueled engine based on engine, transmission, and brake system using fuzzy logic controller (FLC)
Authors: Setiyo Muji , Munahar Suroto
Published: August 2017

During deceleration, continuous fuel flows into the engine not only causing over fuel consumption but also increasing exhausts emissions. Therefore, this paper presents a simulation of AFR and fuel cut-off modeling in the LPG-fueled vehicle using Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The third generation of LPG kits (Liquid Phase Injection, LPI) was chosen due to its technological equivalency to EFI gasoline engine and promising to be developed. Given that the fuel system control is complex and non-linear, FLC has been selected because of simple, easy to understand, and tolerant to improper data. Simulation results show that the AFR and fuel cut-off controller able to maintenance AFR at the stoichiometric range during normal operation and able to cut the fuel flow at deceleration time for saving fuel and reducing emissions.
La temática indígena en la enseñanza de la historia: recursos para profesores
Authors: Da Silva Santiago Léia , Pagès Blanch Joan , Carvalho Marco Antônio de
Published: August 2017

La historia escolar todavía da señales de negación y exclusión social de los pueblos indígenas, al mantener sin crítica contenidos, ideas y representaciones prejuiciosas y etnocéntricas. El artículo tiene como objetivo proponer algunas sugerencias didácticas relacionadas con la temática indígena en el estado de Goiás, Brasil, ofreciendo al profesor posibilidades de trabajo con los alumnos de la educación primaria, en particular la construcción de ciudadanía e identidad regional, como un objetivo de los Parámetros Curriculares Nacionales. En otro apartado son presentadas las actividades que podría utilizar el profesor para el estudio de una nación indígena o de algunas naciones indígenas, no sólo del estado de Goiás, sino de otros estados y otros países que tienen a los pueblos indígenas en su matriz étnica. En este escenario de sugerencias, se ha tratado de no perder de vista que la noción de tiempo, identidad y conciencia histórica necesitan orientar el trabajo desarrollado en el contexto del aula, y que los acontecimientos del pasado deben dar identidad a los alumnos partir de sus experiencias individuales y colectivas.
Los criterios de selección de los materiales didácticos en la enseñanza de la Historia. Un estudio exploratorio sobre los discursos de los profesores de la ciudad de Tandil.
Authors: Gregorini Vanesa
Published: August 2017

En el presente artículo nos preguntamos acerca de la relación entre la construcción de las prácticas de los profesores de Historia y los recursos o materiales didácticos que utilizan en el aula. En este sentido, buscamos indagar la importancia que reviste la utilización de herramientas didácticas más tradicionales como los libros de texto y las fuentes escritas junto a la incorporación de material audiovisual y el uso de las computadoras portátiles en la creación de prácticas de enseñanza. Así, a partir de indagaciones de los discursos docentes, se busca analizar la materialidad áulica y los criterios que orientan la selección de los recursos que los docentes vehiculizan en su accionar cotidiano.
PELAKSANAAN PERKAWINAN CAMPUR BEDA AGAMA ANTARA WARGA MELAYU MALAYSIA DAN DAYAK KALIMANTAN DI DAERAH PERBATASAN SAMBAS KALIMANTAN BARAT (Antara Living Law dan Hukum Positif Indonesia)
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: August 2017

This article discusses about the implementation of mix and interreligious marriages among the Indonesian people of Dayak, Kalimantan and Malaysian people of Muslim Malayu in Sarawak, which is in the boarder of Indonesia-Malaysia. These two of groups live together as one unity of etnic in the boarder area. They are not separated by the boarder of two states. They live in tolerance among the different religions such as Dayak etnic who majority is Christian and Malay who are Muslims. The mix and interreligious marriage are conducted according to adat law, and it is also compatible to Indonesia law which is religious law according to Article 2 (1) and (2) of Indonesian Marriage Law. Therefore, interreligious marriage can’t be conducted formally, but they have interreligious marriage by changing their religious identity to follow the other spouses. For the example, a Christian who wants to marry a muslim and conduct their marriage according to Islamic law which is registed in KUA, he or she must follow the muslim religion, and vice versa.[Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang pelaksanaan campur beda agama antara orang Dayak, Kalimantan berkewarganegaraan Indonesia dengan muslim Melayu, Serawak berkewarganegaan Malaysia di perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia. Keduanya hidup bersama sebagai satu kesatuan etnik di daerah perbatasan. Mereka tidak dipisahkan oleh perbatasan dua negara. Mereka tinggal dalam lingkungan yang memegang teguh toleransi antara agama-agama yang berbeda seperti Dayak yang mayoritas Kristen dan Melayu yang Muslim. Perkawinan campur beda agama dilakukan menurut hukum adat dan didasarkan pada hukum Indonesia yang sesuai dengan Pasal 2 (1) dan (2) UU Perkawinan. Oleh karena itu, Perkawinan campur tidak dapat dilakukan secara formal, tetapi mereka memiliki cara dengan mengubah identitas agama mereka untuk mengikuti pasangan lainnya. Misalnya, seorang Kristen yang ingin menikah dengan muslim dan mereka melakukan perkawinan menurut hukum Islam yang dicatat di KUA, seorang calon isteri atau calon suami harus mengikuti tata cara Islam, begitu sebaliknya.]
MEDIASI DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WARIS: Studi Putusan No. 181/Pdt. G/2013/PA.Yk
Authors: Ilham Rini Fahriyani , Suhasti Ermi
Published: August 2017

In social life is often occur a dispute relating to the rights and obligations of various reasons. In general, the dispute can usually be resolved through mediation. Mediation can be applied outside the court (litigation) or in court (litigation), as in inheritance disputes for Muslims. Inheritance disputes, including one of the absolute authority of the Religious Court, with the object of dispute in the form of property. Inheritance disputes submitted to the Religious Court and resolved through mediation one of which was verdict No. 181 / Pdt. G / 2013 / PA.Yk which is decided by the Religious Court of Yogyakarta. This paper describes the mediation process and a review of Islamic law on mediation in the heritage dispute settlement process against the verdict. Heritage disputes in the verdict occurred because some of the heirs sold the estate and there are other heirs who have not got the part.[Dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat sering kali terjadi persengketaan yang berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban dengan berbagai alasan. Pada umumnya sengketa dapat diselesaikan melalui mediasi. Mediasi dapat diterapkan di luar pengadilan (nonlitigasi) ataupun di pengadilan (litigasi), seperti dalam sengketa kewarisan bagi orang Islam. Sengketa kewarisan termasuk salah satu kewenangan absolut Pengadilan Agama dengan objek sengketa berupa harta benda. Sengketa waris yang diajukan ke Pengadilan Agama dan diselesaikan melalui mediasi salah satunya adalah Putusan No. 181/Pdt. G/2013/PA.Yk yang diputus oleh Pengadilan Agama Yogyakarta. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan proses mediasi serta tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap proses mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa waris terhadap putusan tersebut. Sengketa waris dalam putusan tersebut terjadi karena sebagian ahli waris telah menjual harta warisan dan masih ada ahli waris lain yang belum mendapat bagian.]
KAWIN PAKSA DALAM PANDANGAN KIAI KRAPYAK
Authors: Kurniawan Arif
Published: August 2017

The writings that discuss the practice of forced marriage signifies that the forced marriage is still massively implemented in the community. The phenomenon of forced marriage is right using religious arguments. Forced marriages in fiqh known as ijbār rights. Forced marriage can be a manifestation of the right ijba̅r if the requirements are met in determining ijba̅r, and if it is not in accordance with these concepts then a forced marriage positioned as ikrah. This paper specifically discusses the forced marriage in perspective of Kiai Krapyak. The view of Kiai Krapyak toward forced marriage with opposing views literally. But essentially the view of Kiai Krapyak tend to be similar. They agree that forced marriages should as much as possible to be avoided, though, in the law of Islam , the practice of forced marriages are a valid contract. Islamic law does not condone a forced marriage which connotes as ikrah, although the majority of schools of fiqh agree for the ijbār rights. The majority of schools of fiqh agree that they have their rights with a different perspective of the school of one sect to another. Positive law mentions the consent of both couples as a necessity, then automatically there is no compromise on the permissibility of execution of forced marriage.[Tulisan-tulisan yang membahas tentang kawin paksa menandakan bahwa praktek atau pelaksanaan perkawinan paksa masih masif di kalangan masyarakat. Fenomena kawin paksa menjadi ritus dengan menggunakan hujah agama. Kawin paksa dalam fiqh dikenal dengan istilah hak ijbār.  Kawin paksa bisa jadi manifestasi dari hak ijba̅r apabila terpenuhi syarat-syarat dalam menentukan ijba̅r, dan apabila tidak sesuai dengan konsep tersebut maka kawin paksa diposisikan sebagai ikrah. Tulisan ini khusus membahas tentang kawin paksa dalam perspektif Kiai Krapyak. Pandangan Kiai-kiai Krapyak terhadap kawin paksa mempunyai pandangan yang berbeda secara literal. Akan tetapi secara esensial pandangan para Kiai Krapyak cenderung sama. Mereka sepakat bahwa kawin paksa sebisa mungkin untuk dihindari, meskipun dalam prakteknya kawin paksa merupakan akad yang sah. Hukum Islam tidak membenarkan adanya kawin paksa yang berkonotasi ikrah, kendatipun mayoritas mazhab fiqh sepakat adanya hak ijbār. Mayoritas mazhab fiqh sepakat adanya hak tersebut dengan perspektif yang berbeda antara mazhab satu dengan mazhab yang lain. Hukum positif menyebutkan persetujuan kedua pasangan sebagai suatu keharusan, maka secara otomatis tidak ada kompromi terhadap kebolehan  pelaksanaan kawin paksa.]
Bilingual Education in Colombia: Towards a Recognition of Languages, Cultures and Identities
Authors: Mejía Anne-Marie
Published: August 2017

In Colombia, there is a tendency to focus on English-Spanish bilingualism at the expense of bilingualism in other foreign languages, or in indigenous languages. This article will argue that there is a need for an equitable language policy which includes all the languages and cultures represented in the country. In addition, we will consider how far bilingual education programmes for majority language speakers in Colombia today actively help towards the creation of a more tolerant society. We will end by indicatingimplications for future developments.
Produtividade de biomassa e composição bromatológica de genótipos de aveia forrageira em Vitória da Conquista, BA
Authors: Prates Caio Jander Nogueira , Moreira Gabriela Luz Pereira , Moreira Eduardo de Souza , Cardoso Júnior Nelson dos Santos , Viana Anselmo Eloy Silveira , Lopes Sandro Correia
Published: August 2017

O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar e selecionar genótipos de aveia forrageira adaptados às condições edafoclimáticas de Vitória da Conquista, município localizado em região tropical de altitude no estado da Bahia. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e nove tratamentos, constituídos pelos genótipos São Carlos, UPF 86081, FAPA 2, FAPA 43, UPF 15, IAPAR 61, UPF 19, IPR 126, UFRGS 16. A semeadura foi realizada manualmente, após aração e gradagem do solo, em maio de 2006. A adubação nitrogenada variou de 80 a 120 kg ha-1 de N, divididos em aplicações no momento do plantio, 20 dias após o plantio e após cada corte. Nos períodos de baixa disponibilidade hídrica foi utilizada irrigação suplementar via aspersão. O primeiro corte foi realizado no início de emborrachamento e os cortes seguintes, quando as plantas atingiram altura entre 35 e 40 cm. Foram avaliados o número de dias da emergência ao florescimento e o número de dias da emergência ao amadurecimento dos grãos para determinação do ciclo de crescimento dos genótipos. Ao longo do ensaio, foram avaliadas as produtividades de massa verde e massa seca e a composição bromatológica, determinando-se os teores de proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. Os genótipos UPF 86081, UPF 19 e UFRGS 16 apresentaram potencial de utilização na região, no período de inverno, com maior produtividade de biomassa verde, enquanto que os genótipos FAPA 43, FAPA 2, IPR 126, IAPAR 61, UPF 15 e São Carlos apresentam melhor desempenho bromatológico com reduzido conteúdo de fibras e maior digestibilidade da matéria seca.
Risco cardiovascular, índices antropométricos e percepção de qualidade de vida em idosos
Authors: Couto Josiene de Oliveira , Santos Walfran Silva , Santos Josivan Rosa , Simões Antony Emmanoel Costa , Santos Érica Gomes Marinho dos , Silva Roberto Jerônimo dos Santos
Published: August 2017

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar à prevalência de risco cardiovascular de acordo com índices antropométricos e avaliar à qualidade de vida em idosas participantes de grupos comunitários de prática de atividade física. Trata-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal, com amostra por conveniência. A amostra foi constituída por 84 idosas com média de idade 66,66 ± 5,54 anos. Aplicou-se instrumento compilado a partir de questionários validados para o Brasil. Também coletou-se os dados de massa corporal, estatura e circunferências de cintura, quadril e abdômen. Foram analisadas as variáveis sociodemográficas, percepção de qualidade de vida, nível de atividade física e a avaliação dos índices antropométricos índice de massa corporal e relação cintura/quadril. Enquanto principais resultados, verifica-se que 64,6% dos idosos são ativos, à circunferência de cintura classifica 79,48% dos idosos como “risco” e não houve diferença entre a percepção de qualidade de vida e à exposição ao risco identificado pelos índices antropométricos (F(3,71)= 0,31; p= 0,82). Conclui-se que a circunferência de cintura foi o índice antropométrico que melhor estimou o risco do grupo e que a percepção de qualidade de vida independe da estimativa de risco a qual o sujeito está exposto.
Dosimetria do Tl-201 em cintilografia de perfusão do miocárdio
Authors: Toledo Janine Muniz , Trindade Bruno Machado , Trindade Bruno Machado , Campos Tarcísio Passos Ribeiro , Campos Tarcísio Passos Ribeiro
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho conduz ao estudo  da cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica, e  investigação da dosimetria espacial do TI-201 distribuído no miocárdio. Métodos e Resultados: A manipulação de dados radiológicos foi realizado a fim de criar um modelo computacional do voxel do coração. Um conjunto de imagens obtidas por angiotomografia da aorta torácica e abdominal forneceu informações anatômicas e funcionais para a modelagem do coração no código SISCODES. A distribuição homogênea do TI-201 foi assumido no músculo cardíaco. Simulações do transporte de partículas através dos voxels e a interação com os tecidos do coração foram realizadas através do  MCNP – Código Monte Carlo. A distribuição espacial de dose no modelo de coração é apresentado, bem como o histograma dose versus volume no músculo cardíaco. Para validação do estudo foi utilizado um modelo analítico. Conclusão: A  presente ferramenta computacional   gerou distribuição de dose espacial na cintilografia de perfusão do miocárdio. Especialmente, a dosimetria realizada elucida a dose transmitida no músculo cardíaco  por unidade de atividade injetada de Tl-201, o que pode contribuir para futuras investigações de efeitos determinísticos no coração.
Aldol Condensation Reactions Effectively Catalysed by Lewis Acid
Authors: Hassan Yusuf , Klein Rosa , Kaye Perry T.
Published: August 2017

A complex of manganese (III) and R,R-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane linked ketopinic acid ligand was synthesized and utilised as catalyst in the aldol condensation reactions of benzaldehyde with various aliphatic ketones to furnish products with excellent yield of > 99%.
Slurry Erosion – Design of Test Devices
Authors: Buszko M. H. , Krella A. K.
Published: August 2017

Degradation of material caused by impacts of a solid particle (erodent) suspended in a liquid is called slurry erosion and is a major problem in the hydropower and maritime industry. Slurry erosion depends on many factors, e.g. liquid and erodent velocity, size, shape, angle of impact, hardness and number of erodents, and strength of a target material. The various types of test devices have been designed to investigate an effect of mentioned parameters on material resistance. In the paper are described main types of the test apparatus showing their main advantages and disadvantages. Some results of slurry erosion resistance of few groups of materials are also presented.
A Simple Fix for a Complex Problem? Comments on Morgan Ricks, The Money Problem: Rethinking Financial Regulation
Authors: Blair Margaret M.
Published: August 2017

The financial crisis of 2007–2009 left scholars and policy analysts scrambling to explain what went wrong. While a variety of stories have been told, none have seemed like they could account for the magnitude of the collapse in securities values, or the devastation the collapse caused to the performance of whole economies around the globe, nor could they offer a clear path to reform. Legislation passed to reform the financial system in the U.S. is extraordinarily complex, and still very controversial. Now, however, Morgan Ricks’ new book, The Money Problem: Rethinking Financial Regulation, cuts through the complexity to offer a relatively simple but compelling explanation – the crisis was a consequence of an old-fashioned run on the “bank”, which, in this case, was the shadow banking system rather than regular banks. The solution is the same as the solution that prevented major financial crises in the U.S. from the 1930s to 2007 – government insurance of “money claims” and stricter regulation of firms that are allowed to issue money-like claims.
Unconfined laminar nanofluid flow and heat transfer around a rotating circular cylinder in the steady regime
Authors: Bouakkaz Rafik , Salhi Fouzi , Khelili Yacine , Quazzazi Mohamed , Talbi Kamel
Published: August 2017

In this work, steady flow-field and heat transfer through a copper- water nanofluid around a rotating circular cylinder with a constant nondimensional rotation rate α varying from 0 to 5 was investigated for Reynolds numbers of 5–40. Furthermore, the range of nanoparticle volume fractions considered is 0–5%. The effect of volume fraction of nanoparticles on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are carried out by using a finite-volume method based commercial computational fluid dynamics solver. The variation of the local and the average Nusselt numbers with Reynolds number, volume fractions, and rotation rate are presented for the range of conditions. The average Nusselt number is found to decrease with increasing value of the rotation rate for the fixed value of the Reynolds number and volume fraction of nanoparticles. In addition, rotation can be used as a drag reduction technique.
On wave propagation in a random micropolar generalized thermoelastic medium
Authors: Mitra Manindra , Bhattacharyya Rabindra Kumar
Published: August 2017

This paper endeavours to study aspects of wave propagation in a random generalized-thermal micropolar elastic medium. The smooth perturbation technique conformable to stochastic differential equations has been employed. Six different types of waves propagate in the random medium. The dispersion equations have been derived. The effects due to random variations of micropolar elastic and generalized thermal parameters have been computed. Randomness causes change of phase speed and attenuation of waves. Attenuation coefficients for high frequency waves have been computed. Second moment properties have been briefly discussed with application to wave propagation in the random micropolar elastic medium. Integrals involving correlation functions have been transformed to radial forms. A special type of generalized thermo-mechanical auto-correlation functions has been used to approximately compute effects of random variations of parameters. Uncoupled problem has been briefly outlined.
Conformity Preferences and Information Gathering Effort in Collective Decision Making
Authors: Ding Huihui
Published: August 2017

Our study concerns a collective decision-making model for the collection of information from two voters. Both voters, who tend to make the same voting choices because of their conformity preferences, collect information about the consequences of a project and then vote on the project. We focus on an informative equilibrium in which voters vote informatively using pure strategies. This is a symmetric Nash equilibrium. Our result is interesting as it shows that nonconformist voters exert less effort from a social perspective because of a positive externality that results in the free-rider problem, while conformity preferences can help to improve the sum of the voters’ expected payoffs from the social perspective. This is because conformity preferences may alleviate the free-rider problem associated with coordination (making the same vote). Specifically, conformity preferences give special importance to the correlation between voters’ signals, even if this correlation is unrelated to the accuracy of the signals. Furthermore, we present the exact conformity preference level which helps voters to exert an optimal effort level that maximizes the sum of the voters’ expected payoffs compared to the nonconformist case. In addition, we graphically illustrate comparative statics on effort levels in informative equilibria.
Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life in Greek Adult Patients Two Years after Successful Renal Transplantation
Authors: Balaska Aikaterini , Pistolas Dimitris , Koukoulaki Maria , Alassas Dimitris , Drakopoulos Spiros , Kaklamanos Ioannis , Bonatsos Gerasimos , Birbas Kostantinos
Published: August 2017

Introduction. This study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the heath-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Greek adult transplant recipients before and 2 years after successful renal transplantation (RT). The SF-36 survey score was used. Methods. Eighty-five Greek hemodialysis patients underwent RT at the Transplant Unit of Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, including 44 men and 41 women (mean age 43.8 years; range 21-59 years). The scale scores of a Greek version of the SF-36 survey were compared between the transplant and the hemodialysis patients. We also examined the relationships of the scale scores with the patients′ age and the type of donor. Results. According to the SF-36 health survey, transplant recipients had better results for general health perception (p≤0.001), role-physical functioning (p≤0.01), role-emotional functioning (p≤0.01), and vitality (p≤ 0.01). In addition, the scale score of physical functioning, general health and vitality of the patients who were younger than 30 years at the time of transplantation were significantly higher than those of the patients who were older than 30 years, while the scores of bodily pain, general health, and physical functioning were significantly lower in cadaveric graft recipients compared with living-related recipients. Conclusions. The SF-36 health survey is a validated and comprehensive instrument for evaluating renal transplant patients′ HRQOL. Our data demonstrated an improvement in HRQOL in renal transplant patients 2 years after successful renal transplantation. The data also confirmed that the recipients′ age at transplantation and the type of donor were important factors affecting the HRQOL.
Residential mobility, second homes and quality of life: Consequences of moving out from the city of Madrid
Authors: Lardiés-Bosque Raúl
Published: August 2017

Residential mobility and migration of retired people is an emerging issue in western societies. Moreover, the Quality of Life (QoL) of old people has become a challenge in our societies, of great interest for researchers and planners. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated how mobility and/or migration help improve QoL. This paper aims to determine the influence of retired people’s residential mobility on the different dimensions of their life. Factors driving residential mobility in this population group are analysed, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics of this group, family, friends and social contacts, and environmental conditions, before and after moving. The methodology used is qualitative and the results have been obtained from 29 in-depth interviews with aged people who have moved from the city of Madrid to other places in Spain. The consequences of the moves are analysed in terms of how the different dimensions of their QoL and their well-being are affected.
Change of municipal finances due to suburbanization as a development challenge on the example of Poland
Authors: Smutek Jan
Published: August 2017

The article summarizes the results of a study of the impact of suburbanization on the budgets of Polish gminas existing in the zones of influence of big cities. The study covers the 2001-2010 period and examines the zone of influence of 12 most important cities, following the National Spatial Development Concept 2030. Revenues, and therefore expenditures of gminas, are increasing due to the process of suburbanization. That growth is concentrated in a relatively small number of administrative units. One of the most important results is the increase in gminas’ income from their shares in PIT. The second consists in higher incomes from the property taxes, mostly on commercial property. Higher incomes on assets are concentrated in the areas that were formerly developed. Transfer incomes are lower in suburbanizing areas. Suburbanization results in higher expenditure on transport (mostly road infrastructure) and lower on education (postponement of investments), and social assistance. Higher expenditures on housing are concentrated in the areas that were developed in the past.
Development of Adaptive Soft Sensor Using Locally Weighted Kernel Partial Least Square Model
Authors: Yeo Wan Sieng , Saptoro Agus , Kumar Perumal
Published: August 2017

Locally weighted partial least square (LW-PLS) model has been commonly used to develop adaptive soft sensors and process monitoring for numerous industries which include pharmaceutical, petrochemical, semiconductor, wastewater treatment system and biochemical. The advantages of LW-PLS model are its ability to deal with a large number of input variables, collinearity among the variables and outliers. Nevertheless, since most industrial processes are highly nonlinear, a traditional LW-PLS which is based on a linear model becomes incapable of handling nonlinear processes. Hence, an improved LW-PLS model is required to enhance the adaptive soft sensors in dealing with data nonlinearity. In this work, Kernel function which has nonlinear features was incorporated into LW-PLS model and this proposed model is named locally weighted kernel partial least square (LW-KPLS). Comparisons between LW-PLS and LW-KPLS models in terms of predictive performance and their computational loads were carried out by evaluating both models using data generated from a simulated plant. From the results, it is apparent that in terms of predictive performance LW-KPLS is superior compared to LW-PLS. However, it is found that computational load of LW-KPLS is higher than LW-PLS. After adapting ensemble method with LW-KPLS, computational loads of both models were found to be comparable. These indicate that LW-KPLS performs better than LW-PLS in nonlinear process applications. In addition, evaluation on localization parameter in both LW-PLS and LW-KPLS is also carried out.
The Share Price Effect of CVS Health’s Announcement to Stop Selling Tobacco: A Comparative Case Study Using Synthetic Controls
Authors: Andersen Martin , Bauhoff Sebastian
Published: August 2017

We study how the announcement by CVS Health, a large US-based pharmacy chain, to stop selling tobacco products affected its share price and that of its close competitors, as well as major tobacco companies. Combining event study and synthetic control methodologies we compare measures of CVS’s stock market valuation with those of a peer group consisting of large publicly listed firms that are part of Standard & Poor’s S&P 500 stock market index. CVS’s announcement is associated with a short-term decrease in its share price, whereas close competitors have benefitted from CVS’ decision. We also find a negative share price effect for Altria, the largest US domestic tobacco firm. Overall our findings are consistent with markets expecting consumers to shift from CVS to alternative outlets in the short-run, and interpreting CVS’ decision to drop tobacco products as signal that other firms may follow suit.
The Relationship Between Concentration of the Banking Sector in Poland and Its Soundness
Authors: Wojcicka Karolina
Published: August 2017

Each year assets of the banking sector in Poland increase and thereby its significance in the real economy increases as well. At the same time, the ongoing consolidation process and changes in the ownership structure cause the Polish banking sector to play a substantial role not only on the local financial market, but on the European market as well and Polish banks are becoming more and more significant entities in their international banking groups (both in Europe and worldwide). However, the perspective of concentration increase and restriction of the Polish banking sector to a few operating banks (dominated by entities with foreign capital) is a source of distress in the context of its soundness - and due to its significance in the Polish economy - to the whole financial sector and real economy. The main goal of this article is to analyse the changes of concentration in the banking sector in Poland, including the ownership concentration, while attempting to determine its soundness (using the financial stability ratios method). The purpose of the study is also to prove a thesis that limited concentration with diversification of the ownership structure and its limited concentration favours thesoundness of a banking system. The study was carried out on the basis of an analysis of literature (both Polish and English) and comparative analysis (of the concentration of the Polish banking sector against other European countries). Qualitative analysis was complemented with quantitative research, based on analysis of statistical data.
Measurement of Intellectual Capital as Exemplified by Methods of Groups Based on the Roa Indicator and on Market Capitalization
Authors: Palimąka Karolina , Mierzejewskl Mateusz
Published: August 2017

The concept of a knowledge-based economy is a relatively new topic, but it does not mean that the previous economies did not use knowledge. For many years, knowledge formed the basis of any economy, it was a factor that set the pace of each of them, but just nit is making a significant impact on the entrepreneurial environment, and more. Inherent KBE is the concept of intellectual capital. The article raises both theoretical approaches towards the concept of intellectual capital, and points to the importance (from the point of view of managing this intangible value in the company) -of measuring intellectual capital. The process of good management of the value of intangible assets must be supported by knowledge about, e. g.,its size, value, etc. The authors focus on presenting methods of measuring intellectual capital from two groups of methods by the classification made by K. E. Sveiby, who is considered one of the fathers of the IC concept. The goal of the article is to compare methods from these two groups in terms of their flaws and advantages as regards preparing business analysis. This is done through presentation of the topic, including the concept and methods of intellectual capital measurement, which was based on the review of the literature.Furthermore, based on financial statements of companies from the WIG- oil&gas index and WIG- food industry indexwaysof interpreting the final results are presented.
Maximum Drawdown Measures in Hedge Fund Efficiency Appraisal
Authors: Pruchnicka-Grabias Izabela
Published: August 2017

The study concentrates on the comparison of hedge fund efficiency measured by maximum drawdown measures with traditional risk/return ratios. The examined period is from 1990 to 2011 and the data were provided by Hedge Fund Research. It is a continuation of the research done for a shorter period, that is for the years 2005 - 2011. The results obtained there were interesting and showed that the results of complex efficiency measures aren’t much different from traditional measures. It posed the question of whether it is worth applying them with their entire complexity. The author wants to check if the same conclusions will be drawn for a longer period. After having analyzed maximum drawdown measures, further research will be devoted to other groups of measures. It should give the answer to the question of whether complex efficiency measures are as useful as it is often stressed in the hedge fund literature.
Improved Description and Monitoring of Near Surface Hazardous Infiltrate Complexes by Shear Waves for Effective Containment Response
Authors: Hassan Bilal , Butt Stephen , Hurich Charles
Published: August 2017

Among numerous causes of fluid releases and infiltration in near surface, resurgence in such anthropic activities associated with unconventional resource developments have brought about a resounding concern. Apart from the risk of an immediate chemical hazard, a long term possible recurrent geo-environmental risk since can also be envisaged as for various prevalent stake holders and broader initiatives. Urgency and exactness for spatiotemporal containment and remediation promotes the devising of efficient methods for monitoring near subsurface flow complexes caused by such spills. Swave (Shear waves) spectral imaging results, in relevant context, of a controlled immiscible fluid displacement monitoring experimental study are analysed and inferred. Against the prospective method as well evaluated, Swave diffraction associated spectral peculiarities are examined, importantly, given background medium characteristics definitions invoking fresh insights of microscale significance alongside macroscale potential.
Changes of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries Under Polluted Conditions with Industrial Wastewater
Authors: Huong Nguyen Thi Thanh , Duc Pham Anh , Mien Pham Van
Published: August 2017

The pollution on the Thi Vai River has been spreading out rapidly over the two lasted decades caused by the wastewater from the industrial parks in the left bank of Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries. The evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate changes was very necessary to identify the consequences of the industrial wastewater on water quality and aquatic ecosystem of Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries. In this study, the variables of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality were investigated in Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries, Southern Vietnam. The monitoring data of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality parameters covered the period from 1989 to 2015 at 6 sampling sites in Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries. The basic water quality parameters were also tested including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The biodiversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates were applied for water quality assessment. The results showed that pH ranged from 6.4 – 7.6 during the monitoring. The DO concentrations were in between 0.20 - 6.70 mg/L. The concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorous ranged from 0.03 - 5.70 mg/L 0.024 - 1.380 mg/L respectively. Macroinvertebrate community in the study area consisted of 36 species of polychaeta, gastropoda, bivalvia, and crustacea, of which, species of polychaeta were dominant in species number. The benthic macroinvertebartes density ranged from 0 - 2.746 individuals/m−1 with the main dominant species of Neanthes caudata, Prionospio malmgreni, Paraprionospio pinnata, Trichochaeta carica, Maldane sarsi, Capitella capitata, Terebellides stroemi, Euditylia polymorpha, Grandidierella lignorum, Apseudes vietnamensis. The biodiversity index values during the monitoring characterized for aquatic environmental conditions of mesotrophic to polytrophic. Besides, species richness positively correlated with DO, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The results confirmed the advantage of using benthic macroinvertebrates and their indices for water quality assessment.