bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of tidal breathing lung function in infants with wheezing pneumonia
Authors: Yu yiyi , Meng wenjuan , Zhu Xiaoping , Li bo , Yang jun , Zhang yali , Wang xuesong , Luo jing , Wang youyan , Xuan yingying
Published: January 2024

Objectives To compare the characteristics of tidal breathing lung
function in infants with wheezing and non-wheezing pneumonia. Methods We
retrospectively compared 86 infants with wheezing pneumonia (wheezing
group) and 27 infants with non-wheezing pneumonia (control group), whose
tidal breathing lung function and bronchodilator tests were performed
after admission. Demographic and clinical data, differences in tidal
breathing lung function and bronchodilator test, and correlations
between clinical data and tidal breathing lung function indicators were
analysed. Results Compared to the control group, it was significant
higher in both the level of PTEF/TEF25 of tidal breathing lung function
(162.4 vs 143.3, P=0.037)and the positive rate of abnormal airway
obstruction(23.3% vs 44.4%, P=0.033) in the wheezing group. After
bronchodilator test, the positive remission rates of TEF50/TIF50 and
TEF50 was significantly higher in the wheezing group(53.5% vs 29.6%,
P=0.03 and 58.1% vs 33.3%, P=0.024, respectively). Besides, RR, VT,
PEF, and TEF25, TEF50, TEF75 of tidal breathing lung function were
closely correlations to infants’ age, height, weight, and platelet
counts in both wheezing and control groups. Conclusion Airway
obstruction was very serious in infants’ wheezing pneumonia which can be
partially improved by nebulisation with bronchodilator. Tidal breathing
lung function was helpful for understanding the condition of airway, and
monitoring disease progression in children with lung disease
particularly in wheezing pneumonia.
Effects of meteorological factors on influenza incidence in Gansu Province, China
Authors: Hao Yu , Qin Tianyu , Tang Qiaoling , Wang Ranran , Wang Mengqi , Xiong Weifeng , He Juan
Published: January 2024

Background: Seasonal influenza infection is a major challenge in public
health. Previous studies have shown that the timing of seasonal
influenza epidemics varies with latitude, indicating that meteorological
and environmental conditions are involved in the spread of influenza. We
sought to investigate the link between the onset of influenza and
meteorological factors in Gansu Province, to build an accurate
forecasting model. Methods: We conducted time series analysis based on
selected weather variables and influenza incidence data from 2006 to
2016 in Gansu Province. First, the cross-correlation function (CCF) was
applied to explore the correlation between meteorological variables and
influenza incidence. Then, a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving
average model with additional covariates (SARIMAX) was performed to fit
and predict influenza incidence. Results: After fitting the SARIMAX
model, minimum temperature at lag 1 (β = −0.067, P < 0.05,
95% confidence interval: −0.119, −0.015) was negatively associated with
loginfluenza incidence. SARIMAX (1, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1)12 with minimum
temperature at lag 1 was the optimal model, with good prediction
accuracy. Conclusions: Meteorological factors showed different effects
on influenza incidence in Gansu Province. Our results verify the idea
that climate is an important factor in the spread of influenza.
Keywords: influenza; meteorological factor; time series; SARIMAX; Gansu
Province
The effect of visual representations of SARS-Cov-2 on the U.S. public's fear and disgust
Authors: Li Nan , Molder Amanda , Yang Shiyu
Published: January 2024

The widespread use of images of the SARS-CoV-2 establishes a visual
brand for the virus and helps raise public awareness; yet some of these
images can evoke disgust among viewers and polarize their fear along
lines of existing feelings toward the disease. This study selected 21
images of SARS-Cov-2 produced by the CDC, NIAID, and third-party
illustrators with varying visual appearance. Using an experiment with a
nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (N=500), we found that
the images evoking the highest level of disgust backfire among who are
least concerned about COVID and cause less fear than visually pleasing
images.
OUTCOMES OF INDUCTION VERSUS SPONTANEOUS ONSET OF LABOUR WHEN PERFORMED AT 40 AND 41 GESTATIONAL WEEKS: FINDINGS FROM A PROSPECTIVE INDIVIDUAL PATIENT DATABASE IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Senanayake Hemantha , Mariani Ilaria , Valente Emanuelle Pessa , Piccoli Monica , Armocida Benedetta , Businelli Caterina , Rishard Mohamed , Covi Benedetta , Lazzerini Marzia
Published: January 2024

Objectives The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends induction of
labour (IOL) for low risk pregnancy from 41+0 gestational weeks (GW).
Nevertheless, in Sri Lanka IOL at 40 GW is common practice. This study
aimed to compare maternal/newborn outcomes after IOL versus spontaneous
onset of labour (SOL) at 40 GW (IOL40) and 41 GW (IOL41). Design
Observational study. Setting De Soysa Teaching Hospital for Women,
Colombo, the largest maternity hospital in Sri Lanka. Population Low
risk pregnancies at 40 or 41 GW. Methods Data from a routine prospective
individual patient database were analysed. IOL and SOL groups were
compared using logistic regression. Main Outcome Measures Births with
one or more negative maternal/newborn outcome/s; maternal/newborn
complications; caesarean section (CS); operative vaginal delivery.
Results Of 13670 deliveries, 2359 (17.4%) were singleton and low risk
at 40 or 41 GW. Of these, 456 (19.3%) women underwent IOL40, 318
(13.5%) IOL41, and 1585 (67.2%) SOL. Both IOL40 and IOL41 were
associated with an increased risk of any maternal/newborn negative
outcomes (OR=2.21, 95%CI=1.75-2.77, p<0.001 and OR=1.91,
95%CI=1.47-2.48, p<0.001 respectively), maternal
complications (OR=2.18, 95%CI=1.71-2.77, p<0.001 and OR=2.34,
95%CI=1.78-3.07, p<0.001 respectively) and CS (OR=2.75,
95%CI=2.07-3.65, p<0.001 and OR=3.01, 95%CI=2.21-4.12,
p<0.001 respectively). Results did not change in secondary and
sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Both IOL groups were associated with
higher risk of negative outcomes compared to SOL. These findings, though
potentially explained by selection bias, local IOL protocols and CS
practices, are valuable for the Sri Lankan context, particularly given
contradictory findings from other settings.
A pharmacokinetic study of native E.coli asparaginase for acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with ThaiPOG protocol
Authors: chaweephisal phumin , Thranpanich Trai , Suroengrit Aphinya , Aungbamnet Pattramon , Seksarn Panya , Sosothikul Darintr , Lauhasurayotin Supanun , Chiengthong Kanhatai , Poparn Hansamon , Techavichit Piti
Published: January 2024

Background: Asparaginase is one of the essential chemotherapies used to
treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Asparaginase antibody
production may cause a subtherapeutic level and result in an inferior
outcome. Methods: Prospective study of asparaginase activity among
patients who received native E.coli asparaginase 10,000 IU/m2 according
to ThaiPOG ALL protocol. The asparaginase activity is measured by the
coupled enzymatic reaction. Pharmacokinetic data includeding peak
activity (Cmax), time to maximum concentration (Tmax), area under the
curve (AUC0-48h) being elucidated. Results: Eight patients (five males
and three females), median age 9.5 years, were enrolled. The median
asparaginase activity of seven cases who are eligible for calculation
reached Tmax within 24 hours (range 6-48 hours) with mean Cmax 3.60±0.34
(range 3.02-4.11) IU/ml. Mean AUC0-48h is 143.23±36.94 IU.h/mL (range
71.07 – 180.12 IU.h/mL). The post-48-hour activity showed a mean of
3.19±0.24 IU/ml (range 2.77-3.51 IU/ml) which implied an adequacy of
activity over 48 hours and proper for the 12-day period. One relapsed
ALL patient showed an extremely low AUC of asparaginase activity which
coincided with urticaria after asparaginase injection. Subsequently, the
asparaginase antibody was demonstrated in this patient. Conclusion:
Native E. coli asparaginase-based protocol provides a compelling
pharmacokinetic effect. Plasma asparaginase activity and antibody
testing are recommended for a relapsed patient or a suspected allergic
reaction to the asparaginase. Patients with low asparaginase activity
may benefit from switching to an alternative form of asparaginase to
maintain treatment efficacy.
Electrostatic Deposition and Functionalization of CVD Grown MWCNT for Sensitive & Selective Detection of CO and NOx
Authors: Shukla Prashant , Saxena Pooja , Bhatia Vasuda , Jain V.K.
Published: January 2024

The electrostatically functionalized self-assembled MWCNT (f-MWCNTs)
were employed to develop a sensing device to selectively sense most
toxic and suffocating gases such as CO and NOx with high sensitivity and
repeatability to as low as sub ppm levels. The resistive gas sensor’s
operation is primarily based on changes in the electrical resistance of
the f-MWCNT network as a result of its selective interaction with the
specific target gas in two-pole format. The degree to which the
electrical resistance of the sensing film increases or decreases is
determined by the concentration of the target gas to which it is
exposed. As a result, the target gas can be detected both qualitatively
and quantitatively. The sensitivity of 100 ppb and 300 ppb with sensor
response time of ~30 s and ~50 s for NOx
and CO respectively were recorded using our gas sensor.
Salvage intra-tympanic steroid therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL): Our real life experience in 32 patients
Authors: Ringrose Thomas , Biggs Timothy , Jones Louise , Yunus Azedah , Onderkova Anna , Amir-Ghasemi Aria , Osei-Lah Victor , Hilton Jenny , Buckland Jonathan
Published: January 2024

• This is a retrospective case series study examining the role of
salvage intratympanic steroid injections (ITS) in patients presenting
with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) following poor
response to initial oral steroid treatment. • Pure tone thresholds were
reviewed pre-treatment, post oral steroid therapy and 6 weeks post ITS.
• After oral steroid therapy alone, there was a mean average threshold
change of 6.2dBHL (range of -13.8dB to 33.8dB). This was found to be
statistically significant with severely affected patients (defined as
average presenting threshold >71dB). • The mean average
threshold improvement post-ITS therapy was 2.9dB (range of -22.5dB to
61.3dB), this was not found to be statistically significant. • Some
patients experienced moderate improvement following ITS therapy, however
no specific subgroup was identified to benefit more from ITS therapy.
Coalescent times, life history traits and conservation concerns: an example from four shark species from the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Lesturgie Pierre , Planes Serge , Mona Stefano
Published: January 2024

Dispersal abilities play a crucial role in shaping the extent of
population genetic structure, with more mobile species being panmictic
over large geographic ranges and less mobile ones organized in
meta-populations exchanging migrants to different degrees. In turn,
population structure directly influences the coalescent pattern of the
sampled lineages, but the consequences on the estimated variation of the
effective population size (Ne) over time obtained by means of
unstructured demographic models remain poorly understood.
However, this knowledge is crucial for biologically interpreting the
observed Ne trajectory and further devising conservation strategies in
endangered species. Here we investigated the demographic history of four
shark species (Carharhinus melanopterus, Carharhinus limbatus,
Carharhinus amblyrhynchos, Galeocerdo cuvier) with different degrees of
endangered status and life history traits related to dispersal
distributed in the Indo-Pacific and sampled off New Caledonia. We
compared several evolutionary scenarios representing both
structured (meta-population) and unstructured models and
then inferred the Ne variation through time. By performing
extensive coalescent simulations, we provided a general framework
relating the underlying population structure and the observed Ne
dynamics. On this basis, we concluded that the recent decline observed
in three out of the four considered species when assuming
unstructured demographic models can be explained by the presence
of population structure. Furthermore, we also demonstrated the limits of
the inferences based on the sole site frequency spectrum and warn that
statistics based on linkage disequilibrium will be needed to exclude
recent demographic events affecting meta-populations.
Effects Of Obesity On Survival In Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: Polat Fuat , Yalin Kivanc , Durmaz Eser , Cimci Murat , Ikitimur Baris , Karadag Bilgehan , Ongen Zeki
Published: January 2024

Background: Studies have shown that increased body weight and obesity
may be associated with an increased risk of arrhythmic events. However,
studies conducted in patients with implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) have found that low body mass index
(BMI) is associated with higher mortality. The aim of this study is to
evaluate the effect of obesity on the risk of arrhythmic events,
hospitalization and death in patients receiving ICD therapy for primary
or secondary prevention. Methods: The study was designed as a
single-center prospective and observational. Patients with BMI
<30 kg/m2 were classified as non-obese and patients with ≥30
kg/m2 as obese. The primary endpoints were all-cause mortality, cardiac
mortality, and cardiac rehospitalization. Results: Among the total of
340 patients, 78.2% were male, 21.8% were female, and the mean age of
the patients was 60.9 years. Among all patients, there were 30.6%
normal weight, 47.4% overweight and 22.1% obese patients. AF recording
was significantly higher in obese patients compared to the normal weight
patient group (p=0.02). Shock, appropriate shock, and liquid load
sensing were statistically higher in obese than non-obese patients (p =
0.042, p=0.011 and p=0.007). In the primary prevention group, all-cause
mortality and cardiac mortality rates were lower in the obesity group
(p=0.022, p=0.037). Conclusion: Our findings showed that although
cardiac arrhythmic events are more common in obese patients, mortality
and hospitalization events are less common in obese patients. These
findings are consistent with the reverse epidemiology that has been
demonstrated previously between obesity and mortality.
Regulatory T cell subsets play an age-dependent role in the severity of COVID-19
Authors: Şimşek Abdurrahman , Kizmaz Muhammed Ali , Cagan Eren , Dombaz Fatma , Tezcan Gülcin , Asan Ali , Demir Halil Ibrahim , Bal Salih Haldun , Ermis Digdem Yoyen , Dilektasli Aslı Gorek , Kazak Esra , Akalin Emin Halis , oral barbaros , Budak Ferah
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 is a disease characterized by acute respiratory failure that
causes a major global healthcare issue. The immune response mechanism of
the disease has not been fully defined and still largely unknown. The
transcription factor forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) has significant
contributions in stabilizing regulatory T cells (Treg) and maintaining
their functional immunosuppressive effects. CD25high CD127low FoxP3+
cells can be regarded as the bona fide Tregs. CD39 is considered a
marker of highly suppressor Tregs. Here, we aimed to evaluate the role
of Treg cell subsets in COVID-19 immunopathogenesis and their
relationship with disease severity. 190 COVID-19 patients (juvenile and
adults) and 31 volunteers as healthy controls were included in our
study. Flow Cytometry analysis was performed with a 10-color monoclonal
antibody panel from peripheral blood samples. When evaluating CD4+
CD25high CD127low cell percentages in the adult severe and mild cases, a
significant increase was observed compared to the control group.
Consistently, a significant increase in severe and mild cases was noted
in bona fide Treg cell subset expressing CD39. In juvenile patients, the
percentages of CD4+ CD25high CD127low FoxP3 + CD39+ cells were lower in
the 0-12 age range compared to the 13-18 age range. To conclude, our
study reports significant increases in FoxP3+ CD39+ Treg subsets in
adult COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, percentages of Tregs
co-expressing FoxP3 and CD39 were positively correlated with increasing
age in juvenile patients. Our findings provide a better understanding of
the possible role of Tregs in the immune response mechanism in COVID-19
cases.
Pirfenidone As Potential Therapeutic Intervention for Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)
Authors: Wang Bei , Chen Jing , Li Chenze , Dong Lingli , Wang Dao Wen , Ammirati Enrico , Jiang Jiangang
Published: January 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with no
specific drugs and high fatality. The most urgent need is to find
effective treatments. We sought to determine whether pirfenidone
treatment might reduce the death risk of COVID-19 patients. Methods:
Clinically confirmed COVID-19 cases at Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China
from January 29, 2020 and April 27, 2020 were identified from electronic
medical records. Information on their demographics, history of
coexisting diseases, and therapies during hospitalization were
extracted. Based on whether taking pirfenidone during hospitalization,
patients were categorized into non-pirfenidone group and pirfenidone
group. The patients were further matched using propensity score
analysis. Results: In this retrospective study, about 59 patients were
treated by pirfenidone during hospitalization and 59 patients with
non-pirfenidone were matched. Compared with patients without pirfenidone
therapy, patients with pirfenidone therapy showed a better clinical
outcome and a decreased mortality (1.7% [1/59] vs. 32.2%
[19/59]; p<0.001). In terms of chest computed tomography
(CT) images, the ground-glass opacity (GGO)/consolidation signs were
obviously absorbed in the pirfenidone treated patients before discharge
compared with patients on admission. Moreover, the level of interleukin
(IL)-6 and IL-2 receptor were reduced on day 3 after pirfenidone
treatment. Moreover, there was a trend that patients with pirfenidone
therapy had lower levels of IL-1β, combined with lower hs-CRP,
lymphocytes, LDH and NT-proBNP on day 3 after pirfenidone
administration. In addition, patients with pirfenidone therapy had
higher serum albumin level on day 3 after pirfenidone
administration.Conclusion: COVID-19 patients could benefit from the
pirfenidone therapy during hospitalization.
The macroecology of community energy use in terrestrial vertebrates
Authors: Carter Benjamin , Alroy John
Published: January 2024

Energy governs all ecological processes and interactions. As an
organism’s metabolic rate equates to its rate of energy flow, individual
rates can predict community-level functioning. Daily rates of community
energy flow for 423 ecological samples representing bats, birds and
small mammals were calculated by scaling up from individual metabolic
rate. Community energy flows vary with climate only on a per-gram basis,
but there are important group-specific biogeographic patterns of
community energy use. Bat communities have higher rates of energy flow
in the Neotropics, while bird and small mammal communities have lower
per-gram rates of energy flow in the tropics. Anthropogenic factors also
impact rates of community energy flow, although these differ depending
on group, further highlighting the group-specific nature of these
patterns. These differences relate to metabolic rate, species richness,
abundance, and biogeography, directly linking community energy use to
ecology and evolutionary history.
In Vitro Measurement and In Vivo Prediction of Combination Safety of Rivaroxaban with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Medication Safety Assessment Study
Authors: Zhao tingting , Li Xuening , Chen Yanwei , Wang Dalong , Wang Liyan , Zhao Shan , Wang Changyuan , Meng Qiang , Sun Huijun , Liu Kexin , Wu Jingjing
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Rivaroxaban as an oral anticoagulant is widely
used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease.
Previous studies revealed cytochrome P450 (CYP)–mediated metabolism of
rivaroxaban mainly involves CYP2J2 and CYP3A4. Imatinib, sunitinib and
gefitinib are three tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that are
extensively applied for anti-cancer therapy. Statistical research has
shown cancer patients are at approximately 4-7–fold higher risk of vein
thromboembolism than normal patients. Therefore, rivaroxaban and TKIs
have a profound combination foundation. This study aimed to
comprehensively assess the combination safety of rivaroxaban with TKIs
in vitro. Experimental Approach: First, the inhibitory activity of the
three TKIs was screened. Second, to comprehensively evaluate their
inhibitory potential, the reversible and mechanism-dependent inhibitory
kinetic constants of three TKIs on CYP2J2 and CYP3A4 were determined.
Docking simulation was used to explore the molecular mechanism. Finally,
drug-drug interaction (DDI) risks of the combination were assessed using
pharmacokinetic data of cancer patients. Key Results: Imatinib and
gefitinib exerted significant reversible inhibition of both CYP2J2 and
CYP3A4, while sunitinib only showed reversible inhibition of CYP3A4, not
CYP2J2. Three TKIs also showed time-dependent inactivation of CYP3A4 and
slightly on CYP2J2. Notably, sunitinib had a significantly stronger
inactivation effect on CYP3A4 than the other TKIs, with a 4.14-fold IC50
shift. Imatinib was predicted to cause a 114–244% increase in
rivaroxaban exposure. Conclusion and Implication: Imatinib showed the
strongest inhibition, which was predicted to have a moderate DDI risk.
These results provide evidence for medication guidance when combining
rivaroxaban with TKIs.
Use of Targeted Agents to Treat Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma in an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Jean Ashley , Kovach Alexandra , Raca Gordana , Stokke Jamie
Published: January 2024

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is a
generally indolent neoplasm of mature B lymphocytes that primarily
affects older adults but rarely occurs in adolescents and young adults.
We report a case of CLL/SLL in an 18-year-old patient treated with
venetoclax, an orally bioavailable BCL-2 inhibitor, in combination with
obinutuzumab, a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. The patient
experienced rapid clinical response and after one year of therapy had no
evidence of residual disease by radiographical imaging and bone marrow
evaluation. This finite, targeted therapeutic approach is an attractive
option for future adolescent patients with CLL/SLL.
QRF/QFT based Lorentzian Cryptographic signatures on Quantum Kerr-(A)Ds Galilean Myers– Perr driven gravitational transformations for the anti-COVID-19 RoccuffirnaTM evolutionary drug design.
Authors: Grigoriadis Ioannis
Published: January 2024

General methods to quantize reference frame transformations, to a
“superposition of coordinate transformations” have been previously
introduced on an array of recent observations developed through
gravitational amplification of primeval density fluctuations generated
in the very early phase of cosmic evolution. In this paper, we strongly
combine machine learning characteristics to Quantum Kerr-(A)dS and
Myers–Perry black microBlackHole-Inspired Gravitational for both
Euclidean and Lorentzian signatures in Practice. Quantum mechanical
calculation is also conducted for analysis of electrostatic
characteristics of compounds which illustrates their significant role in
driving the inhibitor to adopting a suitable bioactive conformation
oriented in the active sites of SARS-COV-2 main protease. We provide
algorithms by means of mean percentile free energy ranking, in a new
recall-based evaluation metric for the generation of an anti-COVID-19
small molecule combination of ROCCUFFIRNAtm, ROCCUTTIRNAtm, and
EPLEROTIFFIRN Atm ligands
6‐({[amino({[(6‐amino‐9H‐purin‐9‐yl)methyl]amino})phosphoryl]
carbamoyl}amino) ‐3,3‐ di
methyl‐7‐oxo‐4‐thia‐1‐azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐
2‐Carboxylicacid;N‐(1‐carboximidoyl‐ 3‐ fluoro‐1‐{5‐oxabicyclo[2.
1.0]pentan‐2‐yl}‐2‐Carboxylicacid;N‐(1‐carboximidoyl‐ 3‐
fluoro‐1‐{5‐oxabicyclo[2.
1.0]pentan‐2‐yl}‐2‐oxo‐1lambda4,2lambda5‐thiaphosphiran‐2
‐yl)‐N’‐yl)‐N’‐[(Z)‐ ethylidene]guanidine; [(S)‐amino({[(S)‐
amino({[(4R)‐6‐oxo‐4,6‐dihydro‐1H‐purin‐2‐yl]amino})phosphoryl]oxy})phos
phoryl]formonitrile anti-(nCoV-19) ligand. In this paper, we show that
the notion of entanglement and superposition are observer-dependent
features, and we write the Schrödinger equation in quantum circuit
reference frames including Galilean transformation, and near-horizon
symmetries ranging from supergravity theories to Lorentzian
cryptographic signatures to enhance the Roccuffirna„s gravity to trap
the SARS-COV-2 viruses in practice
Effects of different doses and sites of radiotherapy on immune cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer
Authors: Duan Xiaotong , Qiao simiao , Wang lijuan , Wang qin , Zhu xiaoxia
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Few studies focused on the effects of radiation for
different metastatic sites or radiotherapy doses on immune cell subsets.
Therefore, this study investigated the effect of different irradiation
doses and sites on the systemic immunity of patients with lung cancer.
Method: Peripheral blood samples from 48 patients with lung cancer were
collected, and the lymphocyte subsets were examined by flow cytometry.
Results: In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who
received thoracic radiotherapy, the percentage of B lymphocytes after 20
fractions of radiotherapy was significantly lower than that recorded
after 10 fractions (P=0.0046). In addition, the CD4+ naïve T-cell
subsets at each different detection time point were significantly lower
than the baseline (P=0.0304, <0.0001, <0.0004,
respectively). In NSCLC patients with brain metastases who received
brain radiotherapy, the percentage of B lymphocytes was significantly
lower than the baseline (P=0.039). In patients with SCLC who received
radiotherapy for the primary tumor, the percentage of CD4+ naïve T-cell
subsets after 20 fractions was significantly lower than that observed
after 10 fractions of radiotherapy (P=0.0444). There was no significant
difference in other lymphocyte subsets at different time points or
irradiated sites. Conclusion: Radiotherapy has a certain
immunosuppressive effect. In addition, thoracic radiotherapy has an
inhibitory effect on the proportion of T cells, whereas it does not
significantly affect the proportion of T cells when irradiation of
metastatic sites. It is suggested that the dose of radiotherapy in other
metastatic organs of patients with lung cancer needs to be further
escalated.
Treatment of uterine scar pregnancy after cesarean section
Authors: Zhou Wei , Yuan Deli , Pei Lipeng , Ren Wei , Sun Jingli
Published: January 2024

Objective Clinical diagnosis and treatment of uterine scar pregnancy
stage classification after cesarean section Methods From January 2017 to
December 2019, clinical data of 133 patients with CSP were
retrospectively analyzed. CSP was divided into two stages according to
pregnancy time and size of pregnancy cyst: early stage and late stage;
CSP was classified into type I, type II and type III according to the
thickness of myometrium at uterine scar, location of gestational sac and
growth direction of gestational sac. The stages and types were scored by
CSP: early stage: 1 point for type I, 2 points for type II, and 3 points
for type III;Late stage: 2 points for type I, 3 points for type II, and
4 points for type III;Finally, CSP was divided into light type, ordinary
type and severe type according to CSP staging and type scoring method,
and the corresponding treatment plan was further selected. Results Score
1: 20 light patients were selected ultrasound-guided uterine aspiration.
Score 2-3: 108 ordinary type patients were pretreated with oral
mifepristone before ultrasound-guided uterine aspiration; Score 4: 5
cases of severe patients were directly selected for surgical treatment.
Conclusion A total of 133 patients with CSP were divided into light
type, ordinary type and severe type by stage classification CSP score.
Three different clinical treatment schemes were selected respectively,
all of which achieved safe, accurate and effective treatment results.
We need more research in regulatory process outcomes
Authors: Parker Jonathon
Published: January 2024

I don’t believe an abstract is needed for a commentary
Approximate controllability of non-autonomous second order impulsive functional evolution equations in Banach spaces.
Authors: Arora Sumit , Singh Soniya , Mohan Manil , Dabas Jaydev
Published: January 2024

This article investigates the approximate controllability of second
order non-autonomous functional evolution equations involving
non-instantaneous impulses and nonlocal conditions. First, we discuss
the approximate controllability of second order linear system in
details, which lacks in the existing literature. Then, we derive
sufficient conditions for approximate controllability of our system in
separable reflexive Banach spaces via linear evolution operator,
resolvent operator conditions, and Schauder’s fixed point theorem.
Finally, we verify our results to examined the approximate
controllability of the non-autonomous wave equation with
non-instantaneous impulses and finite delay in the application section.
Integration of embryo-endosperm interaction into a holistic and dynamic picture of seed development using a rice mutant with notched-belly grains
Authors: Tao Yang , An Lu , Xiao Feng , Li Ganghua , Ding Yanfeng , Paul Matthew J. , Liu Zhenghui
Published: January 2024

Embryo-endosperm interaction strongly affects the developmental process
of seeds and hence the formation of crop yield and quality. However,
signals that orchestrate developmental processes of the two compartments
are largely unknown. This study aims to provide an integrative landscape
of rice seed development by organizing the information about
embryo-endosperm interaction. Using a mutant with notched-belly grains,
we devised a novel comparison method that can quantitatively evaluate
the effect of embryo on the developmental process of endosperm, by
comparing the upper and bottom endosperms of the mutant. Global
comparison of mRNAs datasets in embryo and endosperm samples collected
from 5 DAF (day after fertilization) through maturity uncovered a
dragging effect of embryo on the developmental transition of the
endosperm, extending the middle stage and delaying the late stage.
Biochemical analysis revealed that signaling pathways of T6P-SnRK1, and
GA or IAA may be involved in mediating this developmental transition.
Integrating the information about embryo-endosperm bidirectional
dialogue enables a new rice seed developmental staging system to be
proposed. The results obtained should be valuable for elucidating the
biological processes and signatures of grain formation, hence providing
a valuable resource for modifying the molecular and physiological
processes responsible for cereal grain yield and quality.
Linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of sheath blight resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: R Naveenkumar , Singh Vineeta , SR Prabhukarthikeyan , Chidambaranathan Parameswaran , Kumar Singh Pawan , BC Patra , Annamalai Anandan
Published: January 2024

The productivity of rice is affected by infection of Rhizoctonia solani,
which prompts to search for resistance sources from the available
germplasm. An effort has been made to understand the heritability and
QTLs of the traits related to sheath blight (SB) resistance in rice. A
core panel of 192 genotypes was formed from 330 rice accessions based on
the disease reaction against SB for association mapping studies. The
study confirmed that population had significant amount of genetic
variation for SB related traits across seasons. The correlation analysis
showed positive association between PDI’s and AUPDC and negative
association between PDI and plant height, flag leaf length, and grain
yield. 133 microsatellite markers classified the genotypes into three
major clusters, while model-based approach grouped the genotypes into
two subpopulations. By employing both GLM and MLM (Q+K) models, 30 SSRs
were associated with targeted traits across seasons. Eight QTLs namely
qPh.2-1, qShB.4-1, qShB.4-2, qPh.8-1, qShB.8-2, qShB.10-1, qShB.10-2,
and qPh.12-1 were novel QTLs related to sheath blight resistance and
plant height traits. Further, elite alleles associated with markers
imparting resistance against sheath blight was identified in IC283139,
IC 277248, Sivappu Chithirai Kar and Bowalia, which would be useful in
developing rice varieties with durable disease resistance.
Group Health Affairs in the Biomedical Technology Industry Part II: Clinical and Economic Research Services
Authors: Silfen Eric , Appareti Kevin
Published: January 2024

Clinical and economic research fosters corporate integrity. A company’s
products, services and solutions are designed to improve the health and
well-being of customers. A company must develop superior standards in
order to make strong claims as well as create a brand built upon having
true influence on customers’ lives. There are two, over-arching reasons
to develop a centralized, Clinical and Economic Research Service. First,
as a part of all quality initiatives, the company must demonstrate that
it does not only devote efforts towards quality in engineering or
manufacturing. The company must emphasize that quality signifies the
effects its products have on people’s lives. The second reason is to
reduce the risks associated with making claims that the company’s
products, services and solutions cannot stand behind. The company wants
to make strong claims for its products, but if they do not meet
established standards then the firm has created an ambiguous situation.
The company must mitigate risks by incorporating standards into its
end-to-end efforts, and it must back these standards with a
corporate-level presence. Although the company may compete against many
types of businesses in the health and wellness sector, by mitigating
risks the firm will maintain exceptional branding as well as innovate
with quality.
Watershed unit is conductive to uncover microbial biogeography
Authors: Yang Xiao-Yan , Deng wei , Zhang Fa , Liu Shuoran , Fornacca Davide , Li Na , Li Yanpeng , Fan Xi-Jie , Zhang xin , Liu Li-Lei , Zhu Ya-Jiao , Tan Kun , Gao Yin , Xiao Wen , Cai Qinghua
Published: January 2024

Biogeography is flawed by a poor understanding of microbial
distribution, due to the lack of systematical research framework,
especially appropriate study units. We studied the biogeographic
patterns of Nematode-Trapping Fungi by collecting and analyzing 2,250
specimens from 228 sites in Yunnan Province, China. We found typical
watershed patterns both at the level of species and gene of
Nematode-Trapping Fungi. The results showed that microbial biogeography
could be better understood by 1) using watersheds as research units, 2)
removing the coverup of widespread species, and 3) applying good
sampling efforts and strategies. We suggest that watersheds could help
unify the understanding of biogeographic patterns of animal, plant, and
microbe, and may also help account for the historical and contemporary
factors driving species distribution.
SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Co-infection among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection During COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Akhtar Zubair , Islam Ariful , Mah-E-Muneer Syeda , AHMMED MD , Ghosh Probir , Rahman Mustafizur , Rahman Mohammed , Sumiya Mariya , Rahman Md. , Shirin Tahmina , Alamgir A.S.M. , Banu Sayera , Rahman Mahmudur , Chowdury Fahmida
Published: January 2024

Background: Recent evidences reported that co-infection with SARS-CoV-2
and Influenza virus is common. We explored hospital-based influenza
surveillance (HBIS) data during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We
analyzed data from March to December 2020 among patients admitted with
severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) defined as subjective or
measured fever of ≥ 38 C° and cough with onset within the last ten days.
Physicians recorded patients’ demographic, clinical, and laboratory
information and obtained nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs to test
for influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR. Results: We enrolled
1,986 SARI case-patients with median age of 28 years (IQR: 1.2 ­ 53
years), and 67.6% were male. Among SARI case-patients, 285 (14.3%)
were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 175 (8.8%) infected with influenza
virus. Only five (0.3%) SARI patients were co-infected with SARS-CoV-2
and influenza virus. Difficulty breathing (83% vs. 77%, p=0.024) and
sore throat (26% vs. 17%, p<0.001) were more likely to be
present in SARS-CoV-2-infected SARI patients. SARI case-patients with
diabetes and hypertension were more likely (14% vs. 6%,
p<0.001 and 27% vs. 12%, p<0.001 respectively) to
be infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus than those without co-morbidities.
Influenza virus remained undetectable during the first 14 weeks of the
20 weeks (May to September) of peak influenzacirculation period in
Bangladesh. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that co-infection with
SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus was not very common together with
nonappearance of the influenza virus during most of the peak influenza
period in Bangladesh during COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are
warranted for further exploration.
Cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation in a patient with common trunk of the inferior pulmonary veins
Authors: Yoshizawa Reisuke , Komatsu Takashi , Sawa Yohei , Owada Shingen
Published: January 2024

Common trunk of the inferior pulmonary veins (CIPV) is the rarest
anatomical variant of the pulmonary vein, posing a challenge to catheter
ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). We show that cryoballoon ablation
is safe and effective, and may be a first-line therapy option for AF in
patients with CIPV.
A vertebrate-specific qPCR assay for species identification
Authors: Taniguchi Kei , Akutsu Tomoko , Watanabe Ken , Ogawa Yoshinori , Imaizumi Kazuhiko
Published: January 2024

The identification of vertebrate species is important in numerous fields
such as ecology, archaeology, and food and forensic sciences. Real-time
quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays specific for one vertebrate species are
promising approaches for species identification, although there are
several drawbacks such as difficulty determining whether the detected
DNA is authentic or a contaminant. Here, we describe a qPCR assay
specific for vertebrate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which can overcome
these drawbacks. Since we found that mitochondrial 16S rRNA contains
regions that are perfectly (not highly) conserved across virtually all
vertebrates, but are variable in invertebrates, we were able to design a
vertebrate-specific qPCR assay by placing primers/probe within these
regions. The specificity and accuracy of this assay were validated with
representative vertebrate and invertebrate samples. This assay detected
DNA from all vertebrate samples, but not from any invertebrate samples.
In addition, this assay was able to quantify vertebrate mtDNAs as
accurately as previously reported species-specific qPCR assays. The
results demonstrated it is feasible to quantify vertebrate mtDNA
specifically and accurately in a sample. In conjunction with this assay
as an endogenous internal control, species-specific qPCR assays will
allow for the robust identification of vertebrate species.
Adding to the genetic difference hypothesis
Authors: Goetz Aaron
Published: January 2024

Genetic difference hypothesis Birds migrated to Britain were captured
and brought into the lab. These birds bred in the lab and produced F1
offspring (in Ger) which never experienced migration. In the Fall both
parents and F1 offspring experience migratory restlessness (birds
constantly moving around the cage). Birds in funnel cages “mark” their
intended flight direction. In the Fall both parents and F1 offspring
experience migratory restlessness (birds constantly moving around the
cage) going towards GB, genetically determined direction controlled.
Also can determine migration distance based on duration of migratory
restlessness. Hybrids go in between the two direction and duration of
migratory restlessness, more evidence for genetic basis for this type of
behavior. Hypothesis: Migratory Avialae use teleportptilochronology
Prediction: genetic difference hypothesis using special funnel cage on
typewriter correction paper shows marking causation for migratory route
and duration being genetic Prediction 2: they can get to a place
teleporting using genetic difference hypothesis rather than commuting.
Prediction 4: They can control the use or nonuse of the teleport
Prediction 3: after writing Avialae Washoe Co. Locomotion, I would
document the ones that come to my deck (teleport users)
The incidence of cervical cancer in women with postcoital bleeding and abnormal appearance of the cervix referred through the two-week wait pathway: A retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Jasper Brittany* , Thorley Emma* , Martins Filipe , Haldar Krishnayan
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the incidence of cervical cancer in women
referred through the two-week-wait pathway for postcoital bleeding and
abnormal appearance of the cervix and calculate the associated costs.
Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: United Kingdom.
Population: 604 women with postcoital bleeding and abnormal appearance
of the cervix seen in two-week-wait colposcopy clinics over five years.
Methods: Women were identified from a departmental database. Clinical
and demographic data was collected. Categorical data was analysed with
Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests and predictive values were
calculated. Cost analysis was performed using Care Commissioning Group
tariffs and national statistics on the cervical screening programme.
Main outcome measure: Histopathological diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Results: Of the 604 women referred, 1·16% were diagnosed with cervical
cancer. None of the women who were up-to-date with cervical screening
were diagnosed with cervical cancer, whilst 6·67% of women out-of-date
with cervical screening were diagnosed with cervical cancer
(p<0·001). The positive predictive value for diagnosing
cervical cancer was 1·70% for postcoital bleeding [95% CI
0·64–3·7] and 0·31% for abnormal appearance of the cervix [95% CI
0·0008–1·7]. At Cambridge University Hospitals, the cost of
two-week-wait colposcopy for these referral indications was £23,829·20
annually. In England, the cost of colposcopy for urgent clinical
indications of cervical abnormalities was £2,657,176·00 annually.
Conclusions: The incidence of cervical cancer in women referred through
the two-week-wait pathway for postcoital bleeding and abnormal
appearance of the cervix is low. These referrals carry substantial cost
despite low predictive values and national guidelines should be refined.
A new mechanism of POCD caused by sevoflurane in mice: apoptosis induced by cross-dysfunction of iron and glucose metabolism
Authors: Ge Xing , Zuo Yong , Xie Jinhong , Li Xincheng , Li Yan , Thirupathi Anand , Yu Peng , Gao Guofen , Zhou Changhao , Chang Yanzhong , Shi Zhenhua
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Sevoflurane (Sev) is a commonly used anesthetic
in clinic which can cause neurotoxicity. Postoperative cognitive
dysfunction is a common clinical problem induced by some anesthetics
such as Sev. However, the exact mechanism of neurotoxicity induced by
Sev is unclear. Here we aimed to clarify a new mechanism of POCD induced
by Sev. Experimental Approach: 15-month-old mice were treated with 2%
Sev for 6 hours. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to evaluate the
capacity of the mouse for spatial learning and memory. Major signalling
profiles and the underlying mechanism of neurotoxicity or POCD was
further explored by using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute
quantitation, synchrotron radiation micro-X-ray fluorescence, the
Seahorse XFe8 Extracellular Flux Analyzer, Western blot, RT-qPCR, and
immunofluorescence assay. Key results: Sev caused POCD symptom through
inducing iron accumulation and dysfunction of iron metabolism. Excessive
iron increased ROS levels which further impaired mitochondrial function
and led to glucose metabolism disorder and ATP decrease through
regulating the expression of key enzyme genes or proteins including
G6Pase, Pck1 and Cs. Meanwhile, Sev also inhibited the oxygen
consumption rate and glucose absorption by down-regulating expression of
glucose transporter 1 in cerebral vascular endothelial cells. The
cross-dysfunction of iron and glucose metabolism caused the apoptosis in
cortex and hippocampus through Bcl2/Bax pathway. Conclusions and
implications: Sev caused apoptosis by cross-dysregulation of iron and
glucose metabolism and induced energy stress in mice. Maintaining iron
and glucose metabolism homeostasis maybe played an important role in
cognitive impairment induced by Sev.
HOW A PEDIATRIC NEURO-ONCOLOGY UNIT WAS MANAGED IN MADRID DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Vila Rocio , Vázquez-Gómez Felisa , Fioravantti Victoria , García-Fernández Miriam , LASSALETTA ALVARO
Published: January 2024

During first wave of the COVID pandemic, infection prevention measures
were enforced at our Pediatric Neuro-Oncology unit. A retrospective
study analysing patients booked in this unit during lockdown was
performed to describe its performance. There were 438 consultations for
123 patients (320 on-site/118 telephone). Eight new diagnoses, with one
significant delay. Only one patient tested positive for SARS-COV2. Delay
in imaging testing occurred in 15 patients. Chemotherapy was delayed in
one case and not in radiotherapy. Measures implemented were effective in
minimizing the risk of COVID-19 infection, achieving continuity in
diagnoses and treatment and avoiding delays that could impact survival.
The Association of Z-Score with the Early Postoperative Remission and Characteristics of the Bone Mineral Loss in Patients with Cushing’s Disease: Single Center Study
Authors: Gezer Emre , Cantürk Zeynep , Selek Alev , Çetinarslan Berrin , Sozen Mehmet , Elen Özlem , Anık İhsan , Ceylan Savaş
Published: January 2024

Objective Various direct and indirect mechanisms by which glucocorticoid
excess and elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels impair
bone metabolism have been described. In the literature, there are
different factors described which affect the early outcome of pituitary
surgery in patients with Cushing’s Disease (CD) including preoperative
ACTH levels and the clinical severity of the disease. We aimed to
investigate the association of BMD Z-scores as a direct indicator of
severity of GC excess with the early postoperative remission rate and
clinical parameters of the patients with CD. Method Patients diagnosed
with CD were retrospectively evaluated. After the exclusion of 230
patients, a final cohort of 87 CD patients were included. Results No
significant association was found between DXA results and early
postoperative remission. A significant negative correlation between
preoperative morning cortisol level and BMD, T-score and Z-score of FT
was shown, while there was a positive correlation between preoperative
ACTH/Cortisol ratio and DXA results of L1-4. Conclusions This is the
first study which investigates if the severity of bone loss is a
predictive risk factor for the failure of transsphenoidal surgery for
Cushing’s disease and there was no statistically significant
relationship between these two entities.