bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prephase rituximab/prednisone therapy and aging-related, proinflammatory cytokine milieu in older, vulnerable patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Lin Richard J. , Owens Colette N. , Drill Esther , Iannotta Augustine , Oliveros Mayan , Schick Dylan L. , Noy Ariela , Gerecitano John F. , Drullinsky Pamela R. , Caron Philip C. , Kumar Anita , Matasar Matthew J. , Moskowitz Craig , Korc-Grodzicki Beatriz , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Salles Gilles A. , Hamlin Paul A.
Published: July 2021

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) predominantly affects older adults with suboptimal therapeutic outcomes due to increased treatment-related mortality and toxicities in vulnerable patients, clinically defined by geriatric impairments such as functional limitation, multimorbidity, or cognitive deficits. In this prospective pilot study, we evaluated a rituximab/prednisone prephase treatment strategy in 33 older, vulnerable patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL, defined by either age ≥70 years or age 60-70 years with Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) <80. A single dose of rituximab 375 mg/m2 between 3-10 days and oral prednisone for at least 5 days prior to the first dose of chemoimmunotherapy was administered. All patients completed prephase treatment and all but one commenced anthracycline-based chemoimmunotherapy. Only one early cycle death occurred. Toxicity events, defined by either unplanned hospitalization, unplanned dose reduction/delay, or chemotherapy discontinuation, occurred in 22 patients (67%). Sixteen patients (48%) experienced grade 3 or higher non-hematologic toxicities and/or grade 4 or higher hematologic toxicities. With a median follow-up of 4.4 years, both 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival were at 81% (95% confidence interval: 69-96). Importantly, we found that phenotypic impairments in basic and instrumental activities of daily living, physical function, mobility, KPS, and Cancer and Aging Research Group chemotherapy toxicity risk score were significantly associated with senescence-associated, proinflammatory cytokine milieu which was readily reversed with prephase treatment, potentially explaining its clinical effectiveness. Prephase therapy with rituximab/prednisone should be considered for all older, vulnerable DLBCL patients prior to curative intent, anthracycline-based chemoimmunotherapy. This trial was registered as clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT 89028394.
Complement dysregulation is associated with severe COVID-19 illness
Authors: Yu Jia , Gerber Gloria F. , Chen Hang , Yuan Xuan , Chaturvedi Shruti , Braunstein Evan M. , Brodsky Robert A.
Published: July 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) may manifest as thrombosis, stroke, renal failure, myocardial infarction, and thrombocytopenia, reminiscent of other complement- mediated diseases. Multiple clinical and preclinical studies have implicated complement in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 illness. We previously found that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein activates the alternative pathway of complement (APC) in vitro through interfering with the function of complement factor H, a key negative regulator of APC. Here, we demonstrated that serum from 58 COVID-19 patients (32 patients with minimal oxygen requirement, 7 on high flow oxygen, 17 requiring mechanical ventilation and 2 deaths) can induce complementmediated cell death in a functional assay (the modified Ham test) and increase membrane attack complex (C5b-9) deposition on the cell surface. A positive modified Ham assay (>20% cell-killing) was present in 41.2% COVID-19 patients requiring intubation (n=7/17) and only 6.3% in COVID-19 patients requiring minimal oxygen support (n=2/32). C5 and factor D inhibition effectively mitigated the complement amplification induced by COVID-19 patient serum. Increased serum factor Bb level was associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that APC dysregulation plays an important role. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins directly block complement factor H from binding to heparin, which may lead to complement dysregulation on the cell surface. Taken together, our data suggest that complement dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and may be a marker of disease severity.
АНАЛІЗ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО ДОСВІДУ НОРМУВАННЯ ВИМОГ ДО КОНСТРУКЦІЙ ФАСАДНОЇ ТЕПЛОІЗОЛЯЦІЇ В БУДІВЛЯХ
Authors: Циганков Андрій , Ніжник Вадим , Фещук Юрій , Балло Ярослав
Published: July 2021

Проведено аналіз вітчизняних нормативних протипожежних вимог щодо улаштування зовнішнього облицювання фасадів будівель. Визначено перелік європейських нормативних документів щодо протипожежних вимог до зовнішнього облицювання фасадів будівель, які необхідні для проведення аналізу. На основі визначеного переліку нормативних документів проведено аналіз вимог пожежної безпеки європейських держав, що висуваються до улаштування конструкцій фасадної теплоізоляції будівель. Розроблено пропозиції щодо улаштування зовнішньої теплоізоляції на фасадах будівель у вітчизняному будівництві.
ВПЛИВ ПАРАМЕТРІВ СИСТЕМИ ВОГНЕЗАХИСТУ НА ВОГНЕСТІЙКІСТЬ СТАЛЕВИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ
Authors: Добростан Олександр , Новак Сергій , Дрідж Варвара
Published: July 2021

Існуючі системи вогнезахисту для сталевих конструкцій із використанням вогнезахисних покриттів профілю або вогнезахисних екранів не завжди є прийнятними для застосування на практиці через їхню значну товщину, необхідну для забезпечення найвищих класів вогнестійкості цих конструкцій. Зменшення цієї товщини можливо можна здійснити шляхом застосування системи вогнезахисту, в якій ефективно поєднано фізико-хімічні властивості пасивних і реактивних вогнезахисних матеріалів, а також вогнезахисних екранів. Невизначеність впливу параметрів такої системи вогнезахисту на вогнестійкість сталевих конструкцій обумовлює проведення дослідження у цьому напряму. Проведені дослідження ставили за мету оцінку вогнестійкості сталевих конструкцій з системою вогнезахисту, в якій застосовано вогнезахисний екран і вогнезахисне покриття сталевого профілю. Визначено особливості залежностей температури сталевих конструкцій двотаврового профілю з такою системою вогнезахисту від тривалості вогневого впливу за стандартним температурним режимом. Встановлено, що швидкість підвищення температури найбільша для сталевої конструкції з реактивним вогнезахисним покриттям профілю, найменша – для конструкції з пасивним покриттям. Визначено вплив параметрів системи вогнезахисту на вогнестійкість сталевих конструкцій. Показано, що застосування вогнезахисних екранів призводить до значного підвищення вогнестійкості сталевих конструкцій. За наявності на поверхні конструкції реактивного покриття це підвищення складає від 90 % до 100 %. У разі використання пасивного покриття профілю вогнестійкість конструкції збільшується на величину, яка становить від 67 % до 88 %. Ефективність застосування вогнезахисних екранів більша у разі наявності на поверхні конструкції пасивного покриття ніж реактивного матеріалу. Використання реактивного покриття на внутрішній і зовнішній поверхнях вогнезахисних екранів не призводить до підвищення вогнестійкості сталевої конструкції, яку захищають екраном.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОЇ ПРОЦЕДУРИ ВАЛІДАЦІЇ МЕТОДІВ РОЗРАХУНКУ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ВОГНЕЗАХИСНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ ПОКРИТТІВ ДЛЯ СТАЛЕВИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ
Authors: НОВАК Сергій , Новак Михайло
Published: July 2021

Зважаючи на значимість достовірності даних щодо вогнезахисної здатності вогнезахисних матеріалів при визначенні проектних параметрів об’єктів вогнезахисту, актуальними є дослідження, спрямовані на розвиток процедур оцінювання методів визначення властивостей систем вогнезахисту. Проведене дослідження ставило за мету удосконалення реалізації існуючої процедури валідації методів розрахунку характеристики вогнезахисної здатності покриттів для сталевих конструкцій, яку засновано на проведенні обчислювального експерименту. Для досягнення цієї мети розроблено блок схему алгоритму і створено програмний продукт для автоматизованої реалізації зазначеної процедури валідації, що дозволяє звести до мінімуму кількість операцій ручного введення вхідних даних і передачі даних між пакетами програм, які в ньому застосовані. Результати апробації створеного програмного продукту свідчать про його придатність до практичного застосування для валідації методів розрахунку характеристики вогнезахисної здатності покриттів для сталевих конструкцій, наведених в EN 13381-4:2013 і EN 13381-8:2013.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Dan Ketrampilan Kelompok Tani Melalui Penerapan Paket Teknologi Tepat Guna Produksi Cabai Merah Di Lahan Masam
Authors: Herison Catur , Rustikawati Rustikawati , Turmudi Edhi , Parwito Parwito , Susilo Edi
Published: July 2021

Petani pengelola lahan masam umumnya mengalami persoalan tidak mencu-kupinya hasil yang diperoleh karena produk-tivitas lahannya rendah.  Keinginan petani untuk meningkatkan pendapatan melalui budidaya tanaman yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi,khususnya cabai merah terkendala keterbatasan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam budidaya secara intensif.  Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat (PPM) ini bertujuan melakukan hilirisasi hasil penelitian kelompok peneliti Universitas Bengkulu dalam bentuk Paket Teknologi produksi cabai merah untuk membantu mengatasi permasalahan rendahnya produktivitas tanaman di lahan masam melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kelompok tani.  Kegiatan PPM dilakukan dengan metode pelatihan berupa penyuluhan, praktek dan demonstrasi plot, di Kelompok Tani Bangun Jaya, Kelurahan Bentiring, Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu, Kota Bengkulu, dan Kelompok Tani Melati Mekar Bersama, Desa Pekik Nyaring, Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah.  Berdasarkan evaluasi yang dilakukan, pelatihan paket teknologi budidaya cabai di ultisol dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan petani dalam pengelolaan lahan masam dan teknik budidaya cabai merah intensif. Metode penyuluhan dan demonstrasi plot efektif untuk menyampaikan tujuan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat.
Fenotipizzazione psicologica in emodialisi: proposta per un approccio terapeutico personalizzato sul profilo del paziente
Authors: Porcu Carla , Porcedda Claudia , Tore Silvana , Pinna Antonio Maria
Published: July 2021

Abstract non disponibile
Il trapianto renale da cadavere: valutazione di idoneità del donatore e del rene
Authors: Tsalouchos Aris , Salvadori Maurizio
Published: July 2021

Abstract non disponibile
La prevenzione come valore sociale. Introduzione alla problematica.
Authors: Mariani David
Published: July 2021

Habits may be the key word in the future of health. In the last years scientist have demonstrated that habits have a great importance on peoples’ future. Factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, abuse of processed food, and deterioration of the social life and the environment are putting a strain on the adaptability of the human body. New chronic diseases are replacing the old ones and imposing very high social and health costs. Awareness of the original habits’ value can allow a sustainable health care. (Healthy_habits)
Preeclampsia: Parte 1°: clinica, anatomia patologica e fisiologia
Authors: Michelassi Stefano
Published: July 2021

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder usually characterised by new-onset hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th week of gestation. Preeclampsia is a systemic disease with multiorgan involvement and is associated to a high risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. To date, its pathogenesis is not completely understood, but placental hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation may be the basic condition leading to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which in turn induce all the clinical manifestations of the disorder. Delivery is the only curative treatment. In the management of preeclampsia two kinds of risks need to be considered: the maternal risks, due to continued pregnancy, and the fetal risks, associated with induced preterm delivery.
Una nuova rubrica nel 2019: “Sane Abitudini”
Authors: Lombardi Marco
Published: July 2021

Abstract non disponibile.
Born to run… ma anche per camminare. Attività motoria, il primo pilastro dell’evoluzione umana
Authors: Capitanini Alessandro , Mariani David
Published: July 2021

Our evolution has been based on the ability of moving in order to find food, escape or fight. Afterwards, the first social organizations reduced the risk of aggressions by predators by allowing a shared hunting activity and collection of foods determining, this way, less energy required lifestyle. Thanks to the subsequent progresses in human society, we have therefore moved from hunting and agriculture to industrialization. For about seventy years, an apparently unstoppable progression towards a sedentary lifestyle has been going on, with a gradual loss of some of our body’s functions, up to the so-called "disuse syndrome". The change can also be observed in the type of prevalent pathologies: from acute/infectious/transmissible/epidemic, to chronic/degenerative/dysmetabolic and, unfortunately, increasingly pandemic. Therefore, physical activity can be both a preventive and therapeutic solution. (Healthy_habits)
Il cibo per la vita
Authors: Mariani David , Capitanini Alessandro
Published: July 2021

Our physical and mental well-being are directly linked to what we eat and drink. The nutritional content of what we eat determines the composition of our cell membranes, bone marrow, blood, hormones, tissues, organs, skin, and hair. Lifestyle and nutrition of the humankind has undergone substantial changes during the last century. Additives and processed food have become the basis of our nutrition. Ingredients such as salt, sugar and fat are sometimes added to processed foods to make their flavour more appealing and to extend their shelf life. When the processed food industry discovered that these ingredients could be formulated to produce a state of satiety, pleasure, and sensory hedonia in those who consumed them, it extended their use to the “bliss point”, the point where the levels of saltiness, sweetness, and richness were perceived by the consumer as just right. Such modified foods can dysregulate the brain’s food reward system by increasing dopamine production, thus making the foods addictive. It is not easy to avoid these foods: the only way is to eat mainly fresh or only lightly processed foods (such as canned tomatoes and frozen vegetables). It is helpful to know which foods are healthy and what you can do to ensure you eat the healthiest diet you can. Combining a variety of foods, eating regular meals, including wholegrains, fibres, fruit, vegetables and “healthy fats”, and limiting the amount of sugar, salt and fat you eat are all recommended for good nutrition. (Healthy_habits)
Metodi di campionamento negli studi epidemiologici
Authors: Franco Francesco , Di Napoli Anteo
Published: July 2021

Abstract non disponibile (Epidemiology_statistics)
Prevenzione primaria della malattia cardiovascolare: c’è bisogno di un’aspirina?
Authors: Floccari Fulvio , Marrocco Fulvio , Rivera Rodolfo , Di Lullo Luca
Published: July 2021

The efficacy of antiplatelet treatment with aspirin in the primary prevention of major cardiovascular events was questioned during 2018, following a new series of trials that we summarize here in a quick synoptic overview. The three studies involved are the ASPREE trial, the ASCEND study and the ARRIVE trial. These studies all have a double-blind randomized design, and 100 mg/day aspirin was administered with an intention-to-treat approach and against placebo. Age of the enrolled patients, prevalence of diabetes mellitus and geographical location of other studies are just some of the elements analyzed here, in addition to the different problems of cardiovascular events. The ASPREE study observed a marginal reduction of cardiovascular events with the use of aspirin, by approximately 5% with a confidence interval at risk of insignificancy. On the other hand, the increased risk of a hemorrhagic event appeared to be rather robust, resulting between 18% and 62%. The ASCEND study observed a reduction in cardiovascular events of around 12%, offset by an increase in the risk of major bleeding between 9% and 52%. The ARRIVE study did not detect any incidence of major cardiovascular events, while the risk of major bleeding appeared to even double. The evidences of the current literature push us to review a widespread conviction among professionals who fight the war against cardiovascular disease every day: the prescription of aspirin in the primary prevention can no longer happen systematically, and every single prescription need care between benefits and dangers connected to the treatment. (Cardionephrology)
Rene Policistico e trapianto di rene: accesso alla lista d’attesa e post trapianto: risultati della ricerca
Authors: Caldara Rossana
Published: July 2021

Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the leading genetic cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The number of ADPKD patients who are listed for transplantation or receive a kidney transplant is continuously increasing over time. AIRP conducted a survey to investigate the ADPKD patient journey, meaning the personal experience and expectations of people regarding kidney transplantation as therapeutic option of end-stage renal failure. The survey was conducted on 381 people with ADPKD, using computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI). The results confirm that there are problems that need to be addressed before listing an ADPKD patient for a kidney transplantation, namely the patient’s comorbidities, the complexity of pre-transplant assessments and the shortage of organs. Pre-emptive transplantation from cadaver donor is a rare event in our country but it is a valid option, especially in case of living donation. Immunosuppression is well tolerated in a high percentage of subjects, but a follow-up is necessary to monitor negative side effects. Despite these problems, the outcome of kidney transplantation is optimal in these patients. Also, the relationship between patients and Nephrologists and/or Transplant Centers is important to ensure a positive outcome.
Analysof Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Equivalent Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage IV and V
Authors: Sari Agri Febria , Rikarni Rikarni , Sari Deswita
Published: July 2021

Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) represents hemoglobin content in reticulocyte. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent test can be used to asses iron status of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron deficiency happens in 40% CKD and could lead to anemia manifestation. Level of RET-He gives real-time assesment of iron availability for hemoglobin production and the level will getting lower when iron storage for erythropoiesis decreasing. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent is more stabil than feritin and transferin saturation in assessing iron status. Aim of this study is to determine RET-He level in patients with CKD stage IV and V. This study is  a cross sectional descripstive study. Subjects were 96 CKD stage IV and V patients that met inclusion and exclusion criterias. Subjects conducted blood tests at Central Laboratory Installation Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from July to September 2020. Examination of RET-He level was analyzed by Sysmex XN-1000 flowcytometry fluorescense method. Data was presented in frequency distribution table. The RET-He level below cutoff (<29,2 pg) indicates the need for iron suplementation therapy for CKD stage IV and V patients. Samples with RET-He level below cutoff were 48 (50%) and 48 (50%) were above cutoff.
Analysis of Compliance Level of Nurse Personal Protection Use in Royal Prima General Hospital
Authors: Nasution Sri Lestari Ramadhani , Ulya Nadratul , Setiawan Sinta Ayu , Nasution Sri Wahyuni
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to determine the level of compliance with the use of personal protective equipment as prevention of work accidents. This research was conducted using quantitative methods with a cross-sectional approach in the Emergency Unit and Intensive Care Unit at the Royal Prima General Hospital.   The results showed a relationship between age and adherence to the use of PPE with p = 0.002. There is no correlation between years of service and compliance with the use of PPE with p-value = 0.75. There is a relationship between knowledge of compliance with the use of PPE with p-value = 0.009. There is a relationship between attitudes towards compliance with the use of PPE with p = 0.002. There is a relationship between the availability of facilities and compliance with the use of PPE with a p-value of 0.000. There is a relationship between compliance training on the use of PPE with p-value = 0.004. There is a control relationship to compliance with the use of PPE with p-value = 0.002.
Estudiar al máximo para actuar lo mínimo
Authors: López Sánchez Antonio Carlos , Perelli Botello Jorge
Published: July 2021

Este artículo es una reflexión sobre cómo plantear una correcta filosofía de actuación en las obras de rehabilitación estructural, que se puede resumir en el siguiente lema: “estudiar al máximo para actuar lo mínimo”, promovida por nuestro querido compañero Luis Mª Ortega Basagoiti. La reflexión se realiza desde la experiencia obtenida en el desarrollo de trabajos, en el campo de la rehabilitación estructural, de más de 30 años del equipo técnico de Retineo. Y ello es porque habitualmente se invierte de manera escasa en los estudios previos, lo que provoca muchas desviaciones en las obras y en especial en las de rehabilitación estructural. Nuestra filosofía de trabajo parte de un planteamiento a la inversa: realizar un exhaustivo análisis inicial para que las soluciones definidas sean las óptimas y las desviaciones técnicas y económicas las mínimas.
Ampliación de luces de pasos superiores de autopistas
Authors: Serrano Corral Alvaro , Ladrón de Guevara Méndez Ginés
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta una solución estructural muy versátil para dar respuesta al problema que surge con los pasos superiores de autopista cuando se requiere ampliarla o incrementar su número de carriles, no habiendo sido previsto inicialmente. La propuesta, consistente en ampliar la luz del paso superior, permite resolver las dificultades impuestas por la combinación de trabajos necesarios para mantener el tablero del paso superior, evitando su demolición, a la vez que se mantiene el tráfico, tanto en el paso superior como en la autopista.
Ingeniería sobre estructuras existentes: patologías, cirugías, transplantes, urgencias,…
Authors: Arroyo Portero Juan Carlos , Costaguta Alberto , Medina Eduardo , Alonso Miriam
Published: July 2021

La ingeniería estructural en obras de rehabilitación y refuerzo de estructuras requiere un esfuerzo para el conocimiento previo de la estructura (geométrico y mecánico), amén del conocimiento de las normativas y proceso de análisis y dimensionamiento de la época; y además requiere un esfuerzo de ingeniería durante la obra, muy por encima de lo que requiere una obra nueva.

El artículo explica tres obras desarrolladas en este ámbito y que tienen singularidades mencionables: El proyecto de las nuevas Torres de Colón cuyos tirantes y núcleos son objeto de rehabilitación. El nuevo Teatro Príncipe Pío en una nave de casi cien años, protegida, donde el reto es rehabilitar la estructura para acoger respetuosamente una nueva funcionalidad. El trabajo de rehabilitación de un hotel en Ibiza, donde los intensos trabajos de caracterízación no descubrieron el verdadero estado de la estructura: el reto de esta obra fue aplicar ingeniería de urgencia para intentar que se pudiese reutilizar, sin demolerla.
Historia de la inspección y auscultación de estructuras en el Laboratorio Central
Authors: Carpintero García Ismael , Rueda Puerta Jorge
Published: July 2021

El artículo busca ilustrar el origen de las actividades de inspección, auscultación y evaluaciónde estructuras en el Laboratorio Central del CEDEX, creado inicialmente, en 1898, comoLaboratorio Central de Ensayo de Materiales de Construcción de la antigua Escuela Especial deIngenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos del Retiro. Aunque fue concebido, en principio, parael ensayo de materiales de construcción, muy pronto, ya en la primera década del siglo XX,comenzaron a realizarse también ensayos sobre productos de construcción. Posteriormente,de manera progresiva y de la mano de algunos de los más insignes ingenieros españoles delsiglo XX, se pasó a realizar trabajos de investigación sobre elementos estructurales y modelosreducidos, pruebas de carga sobre obras construidas y, finalmente, inspecciones yauscultaciones de estructuras.El Laboratorio Central ha actuado como perito en procesos judiciales desde las primerasdécadas del siglo XX, y ha sido precursor de buena parte de las tecnologías que más tarde sehan ido utilizando en el sector de la inspección, auscultación y evaluación de estructuras(fotoelasticidad, ensayos sobre modelos reducidos, ensayos de caracterización en obra demateriales, pruebas de carga estáticas y dinámicas, inspecciones con medios especiales deacceso, etc). Ha cumplido de esta forma una de las máximas que guían su actividad y que serecogen en sus estatutos: la misión de impulsar la transferencia tecnológica a la sociedad paraabrir nuevos caminos a la ingeniería.
TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO – DISCURSOS DIALÓGICOS E COLABORATIVOS PARA A REALIDADE EDUCACIONAL DO TERCEIRO MILÊNIO
Authors: Bachion Ceribeli Maria Cláudia , Ceribeli Harrison Bachion
Published: July 2021

A educação no Brasil tem apresentado, de maneira repetitiva, uma série de problemas, como elevado índice de evasão escolar, indisciplina e reclamações, tanto dos alunos, quanto dos professores, em relação ao ambiente escolar e às aulas. Nesse cenário, este estudo teve como objetivo discutir os desafios que os docentes enfrentarão no terceiro milênio para minimizar tais problemas. Os principais pontos abordados foram a inserção de novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação no ambiente escolar e a postura dos professores; o papel dos docentes no processo de aprendizado; e a necessidade de adaptação dos profissionais de educação em relação ao aprendizado colaborativo.
THE IMPACTS OF LEARNING TO READ ON BRAIN ACTIVITY AND A SOCIOCULTURAL VIEW ON HUMAN COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING: A POSSIBLE RELATION
Authors: Agnoletto Matheus André , Tomitch Lêda Maria Braga
Published: July 2021

Abstract: the present paper has a threefold objective: (i) to present a sociocultural view on human mental functioning; (ii) to review studies on the impacts of learning to read on brain activity; and (iii) to draw a parallel between a vygotskian view on human cognition and neuroscientific evidence of how learning to read impacts brain activity. The studies reviewed show the ways reading acquisition results in changes in brain activity, as well as how the brain reorganizes itself in order to accommodate new functions as a response to this process. From a vygotskian instance, this illustrates how one’s cognitive development is fostered on the external plane as they interact with socioculturally constructed means.
The Effects of Biostimulants on Induced Plant Defense
Authors: Pereira Ramom Vasconcelos , Filgueiras Camila C. , Dória Joyce , Peñaflor Maria Fernanda G. V. , Willett Denis S.
Published: July 2021

The search for innovative and alternative methods for chemical control to manage pests is an increasingly growing reality. The use of biostimulants such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and humic acids (HA) has been shown to improve many agronomic characteristics of plants while increasing yield. These biostimulants also alter the production of secondary metabolites with consequences for insect herbivores. Here we review the role of biostimulants such as PGPR and HA in promoting and eliciting plant defenses. The cascading effects of using these biostimulants on insect herbivores and their natural enemies are discussed in this context. Synergism between biostimulants are also discussed. The potential role of these products in augmenting agricultural productivity is highlighted as is further need for additional research. This review highlights the potential of this tool to enhance integrated pest management in agricultural production systems, reduce the use of pesticides, and increase the efficiency of fertilization while supporting healthier more pest-resistant plants.
The Impact of lncRNAs and miRNAs in Regulation of Function of Cancer Stem Cells and Progression of Cancer
Authors: Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Hajiesmaeili Mohammadreza , Shoorei Hamed , Bahroudi Zahra , Taheri Mohammad , Sharifi Guive
Published: July 2021

Stem cells have two important features, namely the ability for self-renewal and the capacity to differentiate into some cell kinds with specialized functions. These two features are also present in cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells have been detected in almost all kinds of cancers facilitating their tumorigenicity. Molecular cascades that control self-renewal of stem cells, namely the Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways have been suggested to influence CSCs functions as well. Moreover, non-coding RNAs can regulate function of CSCs. Function of miRNAs in the regulation of CSCs has been mostly assessed in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. miR-130a-3p, miR-600, miR-590-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-221, miR-222, miR-638, miR-375, miR-31, and miR-210 are among those regulating this feature in breast cancer. Moreover, miR-206, miR-192-5p, miR-500a-3p, miR-125, miR-125b, miR-613, miR-217, miR-194, and miR-494 regulate function of CSCs in hepatocellular carcinoma. DILC, lncTCF7, MUF, HAND2-AS1, MALAT1, DLX6-AS1, HOTAIR, and XIST are among lncRNAs that regulate function of CSCs. In the present paper, we explain the effects of these two classes of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of activity of CSCs.
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: Unraveling the Complicated Environment of Uncomplicated rUTIs
Authors: Josephs-Spaulding Jonathan , Krogh Thøger Jensen , Rettig Hannah Clara , Lyng Mark , Chkonia Mariam , Waschina Silvio , Graspeuntner Simon , Rupp Jan , Møller-Jensen Jakob , Kaleta Christoph
Published: July 2021

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequent in humans, affecting the upper and lower urinary tract. Present diagnosis relies on the positive culture of uropathogenic bacteria from urine and clinical markers of inflammation of the urinary tract. The bladder is constantly challenged by adverse environmental stimuli which influence urinary tract physiology, contributing to a dysbiotic environment. Simultaneously, pathogens are primed by environmental stressors such as antibiotics, favoring recurrent UTIs (rUTIs), resulting in chronic illness. Due to different confounders for UTI onset, a greater understanding of the fundamental environmental mechanisms and microbial ecology of the human urinary tract is required. Such advancements could promote the tandem translation of bench and computational studies for precision treatments and clinical management of UTIs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the ecological interactions of the human urogenital microbial communities which precede rUTIs. This review aims to outline the mechanistic aspects of rUTI ecology underlying dysbiosis between both the human microbiome and host physiology which predisposes humans to rUTIs. By assessing the applications of next generation and systems level methods, we also recommend novel approaches to elucidate the systemic consequences of rUTIs which requires an integrated approach for successful treatment. To this end, we will provide an outlook towards the so-called ‘uncomplicated environment of UTIs’, a holistic and systems view that applies ecological principles to define patient-specific UTIs. This perspective illustrates the need to withdraw from traditional reductionist perspectives in infection biology and instead, a move towards a systems-view revolving around patient-specific pathophysiology during UTIs.
L-Arabinose Transport and Metabolism in Salmonella Influences Biofilm Formation
Authors: Vasicek Erin M. , O’Neal Lindsey , Parsek Matthew R. , Fitch James , White Peter , Gunn John S.
Published: July 2021

L-arabinose inducible promoters are commonly used in gene expression analysis. However, nutrient source and availability also play a role in biofilm formation; therefore, L-arabinose metabolism could impact biofilm development. In this study we examined the impact of L-arabinose on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) biofilm formation. Using mutants impaired for the transport and metabolism of L-arabinose, we showed that L-arabinose metabolism negatively impacts S. Typhimurium biofilm formation in vitro. When L-arabinose metabolism is abrogated, biofilm formation returned to baseline levels. However, without the ability to import extracellular L-arabinose, biofilm formation significantly increased. Using RNA-Seq we identified several gene families involved in these different phenotypes including curli expression, amino acid synthesis, and L-arabinose metabolism. Several individual candidate genes were tested for their involvement in the L-arabinose-mediated biofilm phenotypes, but most played no significant role. Interestingly, in the presence of L-arabinose the diguanylate cyclase gene adrA was downregulated in wild type S. Typhimurium. Meanwhile cyaA, encoding an adenylate cyclase, was downregulated in an L-arabinose transport mutant. Using an IPTG-inducible plasmid to deplete c-di-GMP via vieA expression, we were able to abolish the increased biofilm phenotype seen in the transport mutant. However, the mechanism by which the L-arabinose import mutant forms significantly larger biofilms remains to be determined. Regardless, these data suggest that L-arabinose metabolism influences intracellular c-di-GMP levels and therefore biofilm formation. These findings are important when considering the use of an L-arabinose inducible promoter in biofilm conditions.
Revisiting Geologic Storage Potential in Unconventional Formations Is Key to Proactive Decision Making on CCS in India
Authors: Singh Udayan , Sharma Naushita , Dunn Jennifer B.
Published: July 2021

Global energy modeling exercises project significant deployment of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) to bridge the gap between India's pledged climate commitments and the 1. 5°C target. Despite advances in laboratory analyses and process modeling, the information on geologic storage potential in India is limited. Prior studies indicate that the vast majority of storage potential exists in saline aquifers (50–300 Gt-CO2); though, this might be overestimated. These estimates also estimate the theoretical potential in coal seams to be <5 Gt-CO2 while shale basins have not been evaluated as geologic CO2 sinks on a systems level. Based on several recent climate developments and CCS best practices, we suggest revisiting these potential estimates. We demonstrate how revisiting some assumptions might enhance the coal repository available as a sink by a factor of 7–8. We also present proof-of-concept analysis to show that Indian shale reservoirs might have suitable CO2 adsorption capacity. With detailed recommendations for revising these estimates, we present a methodological framework for incorporating the best practices for coal seam and shale basin storage potential. Based on source-sink mapping exercises, we also argue that unconventional basins in India are especially relevant because of their proximity to large point sources of CO2.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion in ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Multicenter Retrospective Study From a Non-epicenter Region
Authors: Mao Qi , Zhao Jianhua , Li Youmei , Xie Li , Xiao Han , Wang Ke , Qiu Youzhu , Chen Jianfei , Xu Qiang , Xu Zhonglin , Yu Yang , Zhang Ying , Li Qiang , Pang Xiaohua , Li Zhenggong , Ran Boli , Zhang Zhihui , Li Zhifeng , Zeng Chunyu , Tong Shifei , Jin Jun , Huang Lan , Zhao Xiaohui
Published: July 2021

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic placed heavy burdens on emergency care and posed severe challenges to ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion characteristics in STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in a non-epicenter region.

Methods: STEMI cases undergoing PPCI from January 23 to March 29 between 2019 and 2020 were retrospectively compared. PPCI parameters mainly included total ischemic time (TIT), the period from symptom onset to first medical contact (S-to-FMC), the period from FMC to wire (FMC-to-W) and the period from door to wire (D-to-W). Furthermore, the association of COVID-19 pandemic with delayed PPCI risk was further analyzed.

Results: A total of 14 PPCI centers were included, with 100 and 220 STEMI cases undergoing PPCI in 2020 and 2019, respectively. As compared to 2019, significant prolongations occurred in reperfusion procedures (P < 0.001) including TIT (420 vs. 264 min), S-to-FMC (5 vs. 3 h), FMC-to-W (113 vs. 95 min) and D-to-W (83 vs. 65 min). Consistently, delayed reperfusion surged including TIT ≥ 12 h (22.0 vs.3.6%), FMC-to-W ≥ 120 min (34.0 vs. 6.8%) and D-to-W ≥ 90 min (19.0 vs. 4.1%). During the pandemic, the patients with FMC-to-W ≥ 120 min had longer durations in FMC to ECG completed (6 vs. 5 min, P = 0.007), FMC to DAPT (24 vs. 21 min, P = 0.001), catheter arrival to wire (54 vs. 43 min, P < 0.001) and D-to-W (91 vs. 78 min, P < 0.001). The pandemic was significantly associated with high risk of delayed PPCI (OR = 7.040, 95% CI 3.610–13.729, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Even in a non-epicenter region, the risk of delayed STEMI reperfusion significantly increased due to cumulative impact of multiple procedures prolongation.
Case Report: Long-Term Outcome Following Maximal Partial Resection in a Primary Pericardial Lymphangiohemangioma
Authors: Song Long , Daniel Iroegbu Chukwuemeka , Fan Chengming
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Cardiac tumors are significantly rare, with pericardial lymphangiohemangioma amongst the rarest cardiac tumor types, with very few reported cases in the literature. Clinically, lymphangiohemangiomas are generally deemed unresectable due to their proximity to the myocardium and the uncertainty of the outcomes following subtotal resection.

Case Report: Herein, we report a case of a 40-year-old man diagnosed with a pericardial mass, dull thoracodorsal pain, and over a 10-years history of palpitation. Notably, the pericardial mass in the present case was found extended within the myocardium. Thus, a maximal safe resection was deemed preferable to a total resection. The surgically resected specimen showed pathological characteristics of a lymphangiohemangioma. After surgical resection of the lymphangiohemangioma, the patient was free of any tumor-related symptoms. Also, there was no evident tumor progression after a 4-year post-operative follow-up.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the present case study is the first in the literature to report on a long-term post-operative outcome following subtotal resection of a pericardial lymphangiohemangioma.
Association of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs. Vitamin K Antagonists With Fractures in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaojuan , Hu Linyan , Liu Jinjin , Gu Qiuping
Published: July 2021

Background: Current evidence regarding the application of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) vs. vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) on the fracture risk is inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the fracture risk of DOACs vs. VKAs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched until June 2021 for all the studies that reported oral anticoagulants in AF patients. The random-effect model with an inverse variance method was selected to pool the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: A total of 10 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Among AF patients receiving anticoagulants, DOAC users showed a reduced risk of any fracture compared to those with VKAs (RR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.70–0.91) regardless of gender [males (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67–0.92) and females (RR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.57–0.89)]. Apixaban (RR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60–0.92) and rivaroxaban (RR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.61–0.88), but not dabigatran and edoxaban, were associated with a decreased risk of any fracture compared with VKAs. DOAC users had decreased risks of osteoporotic fractures (RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.47–0.84) and hip/pelvic fractures (RR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79–0.97) compared to those treated with VKAs.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggested that the use of DOACs was associated with a reduced risk of any fracture compared with VKAs. Further studies should confirm our findings.
Gamified Mobile Collaborative Location-Based Language Learning
Authors: Perry Bernadette
Published: July 2021

As design-based research, this study describes the development and analysis of two location-based augmented reality (AR) serious learning games (SLG) for French second language (FL2) learning. Explorez and VdeUVic are collaborative quest-based SLGs. At different locations on campus, players interact with characters that give them quests including clues or options to further the storyline. These interactions take place in the form of either written text, or audio and video recordings, encouraging students to develop language skills both written and oral. Students choose their own learning path and advance at their own pace. Three cohorts of FL2 university students play-tested the games, with 58 of the 77 students choosing to participate in the study. The design-based research framework for the development of the game iterations and subsequent testing was an iterative process with each stage producing output that became input for the next stage. The evaluation of the AR language tools was implemented by means of a mixed-method case study, collecting data of both a qualitative and quantitative nature, through pre and post-play questionnaires, interviews, and video recordings of student gameplay interactions for analysis. Informed by situated cognition, one of the goals was to provide a contextual and immersive learning experience. Additionally, this research drew on sociocultural theory and the social nature of language learning, emphasizing learner interactions as a principal learning force. This research examined the learners’ perceptions of their learning experience, as well as the ways in which students collaborated to complete the tasks. Employing a situative approach framework informed by social regulation and content processing, student learning patterns were examined. Distinct types of learner interactions amongst teams during gameplay were shown. Patterns in the emergence of learners’ high-level co-regulation during collaborative learning are indicated in the findings. Key elements for the development and implementation of location-based serious games to foster collaborative learning are highlighted.
The Mental Health of High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rao Maya E. , Rao Dhananjai M.
Published: July 2021

The American Psychological Association (APA) reports 81% of Gen Z teens (ages 13–17) have experienced more intense stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a survey-based approach along with robust statistical analyses to identify key stressors from a set of students in a high school in Midwest United States. Our survey includes a broad range of stressors (15 explanatory variables) specific to high schoolers, controls (4 factors for pre-existing conditions), and mental health estimators (7 dependent variables) to identify changes in mental wellbeing during the pandemic. The results (n = 107) show good consistency in our estimators (Cronbach’s α = 0.78) and statistically significant (t = 0.636, p ≪ 0.001) degradation in the mental health. Correlation (r = 0.2, p = 0.034) and regression analysis showed that online learning (β1 = -0.96, p = 0.004) has the most influence on degradation in mental health, with some race-based differences. Exercise time helps reduce mental health degradation (β3 = -0.153, p = 0.037). Many other factors such as gender, homework time, school time, pre-existing mental health issues, and therapy did not have a significant influence on mental health degradation. Analysis of freeform feedback identified the following three recurring themes: increased stress due homework (13.2%), social isolation or lack of social interactions (8.5%), and lack of support for mental wellbeing (12.3%).
Cardiovascular Risk Factor Status in Hospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in China
Authors: Yang Xiaoyun , Liu Qian , Fan Yuxin , Ding Li , Wang Ruodan , Hu Gang , Liu Ming
Published: July 2021

Background

Controlling blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid is of great importance for patients with type 2 diabetes, not only for cardiovascular disease, but also for other complications. Previous studies mainly focused on the control rate of outpatients, and the results were suboptimal, but few studies aimed at the inpatients.

Method

The present study involved 3,245 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes from 2013 to 2017 in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. The percentages of inpatients who attained the goals of the China Diabetes Society and the American Diabetes Association were calculated for major cardiovascular risk factors (HbA1c, blood pressure, and blood lipid). The prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications was also assessed.

Result

The percentages of patients who met the Chinese Diabetes Society goals—HbA1c <7%, blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, normal lipids, and all three goals—were 26.7, 14.8, 10.4, and 0.2% in 2013 and 30.5, 16.2, 8.0, and 0.9% in 2017, respectively. The percentage of patients who met all three American Diabetes Association goals (HbA1c<7%, blood pressure <140/90 mmHg, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <2.6 mmol/L) increased from 4.3% in 2013 to 9.0% in 2017. The prevalence of major diabetes complications including coronary heart disease (31.7 vs. 31.9%), stroke (16.7 vs. 14.8%), diabetic kidney disease (37.9 vs. 35.8%), diabetic retinopathy (48.0 vs. 46.5%), neuropathy (63.1 vs. 61.9%), and diabetic foot (0.8 vs. 1.2%) were stable from 2013 to 2017.

Conclusion

During 2013 to 2017, control rates of major cardiovascular risk factors including HbA1c, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were improved among hospitalized patients in Tianjin, China.
Recruitment of Thermogenic Fat: Trigger of Fat Burning
Authors: Wang Zhihan , Yu Xuefeng , Chen Yong
Published: July 2021

Brown and beige adipose tissues possess the remarkable capacity to convert energy into heat, which potentially opens novel therapeutic perspectives targeting the epidemic of metabolic syndromes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. These thermogenic fats implement mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and uncouple respiration to catabolize fatty acids and glucose, which leads to an increase in energy expenditure. In particular, beige adipocytes that arise in white adipose tissue display their thermogenic capacity through various noncanonical mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the general overview of thermogenic fat, especially including the UCP1-independent adaptive thermogenesis and the emerging mechanisms of “beiging”, which may provide more evidence of targeting thermogenic fat to counteract obesity and other metabolic disorders in humans.