bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validez del curetaje endocervical en la detección de lesiones no sospechadas durante el estudio colposcópico de pacientes con citología anormal escamosa
Authors: González-Mazuelo Antonio
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: el uso del curetaje endocervical (CEC) durante la colposcopia está actualmente en medio de una importante controversia: se duda de su utilidad diagnóstica en las pacientes con sospecha de anormalidad escamosa en la citología cervicovaginal y el enfoque clásico del problema, compara el resultado del mismo contra el estudio histológico del cuello, utilizado por diversos autores, no ha ayudado a resolver el dilema. La presente investigación da un nuevo enfoque al incluir en el análisis la biopsia dirigida y orientado a la búsqueda de lesiones no sospechadas por el examinador, a ﬁn de mejorar la seguridad del diagnóstico colposcópico.Metodología: se tomaron los datos de 306 mujeres con citología anormal escamosa y CEC durante el estudio colposcópico, el cual se comparó con el resultado histopatológico de la totalidad del cuello uterino en la búsqueda de lesiones no sospechadas en la biopsia dirigida y analizadas respecto a la satisfacción o no de la colposcopia y el resultado de la citología.Resultados: en general se encontraron valores de sensibilidad bajos, mientras que el valor predictivo negativo y la especiﬁcidad fueron altos.Conclusión: el CEC realizado bajo indicaciones precisas, de acuerdo al tipo de colposcopia y anormalidad citológica, es de utilidad y mejora la seguridad del diagnóstico coloscópico.
Valoración por ultrasonografía Doppler en medicina materno-fetal
Authors: Victoria-Gómez Pablo Andrés
Published: April 2020

Introducción y objetivo: desde la década del 80, las técnicas de ecografía Doppler han permitido en-tender de manera más precisa la hemodinamia fetoplacentaria y sus variantes ﬁsiológicas. Igualmente han ayudado a reconocer los cambios patológicos generados en el feto ante diferentes tipos de lesión, permitiendo actuar de forma oportuna y así impactar de manera importante en la disminución de los índices de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal. El objetivo de la siguiente revisión es ofrecer al médico una visión clara y concisa de las utilidades de la ecografía Doppler, lo cual le permitirá aplicarla en su práctica diaria.Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográﬁca en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas (Pubmed, Ovid, Elsevier, Interscience, Cochrane) y libros de texto impresos, tratando de encontrar la mejor evidencia respecto a las utilidades de la ecografía Doppler.Hallazgos de la revisión: la ecografía Doppler se ha convertido en un instrumento diagnóstico de gran aplicación en el campo de la medicina materno-fetal. Hoy en día es clave para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de fetos con anemia o con restricción del crecimiento fetal, tamizaje de aneuploidías realizado en el primer trimestre del embarazo, estudio de morfología fetal, diagnóstico de accretismo placentario, detección temprana de infección fetal y tamizaje para patologías derivadas de insuﬁciencia útero-placentaria (retardo del crecimiento intrauterino [RCIU] y preeclampsia) así como resultado perinatal adverso.Conclusión: la ecografía Doppler es una herramienta diagnóstica que ha revolucionado la perinatología, ya que ha permitido disminuir de manera importante los procedimientos invasivos en el feto, así como conocer de manera clara los cambios ﬁsiológicos que se dan en la unidad feto-placentaria, entre otras utilidades.
Development and Implementation of a Postpartum Depression Screening Program in the NICU
Authors: Vaughn Angela Taylor , Hooper Gwendolyn L.
Published: April 2020

Postpartum depression (PPD) is higher among NICU mothers compared to mothers without infants in the NICU. Routine screening improves early PPD identification and treatment for mothers. Key national women and infant organizations endorse facility-based policies that address PPD screening. In addition to PPD screening, the key national organizations recommend facilities providing care to women and infants develop a method of referral for maternal PPD evaluation, treatment, and follow-up. Due to the timing, onset, and maternal predisposition to PPD, the NICU is a prime setting for PPD screening. Despite recommendations, PPD screening is not routine in the NICU. This article describes the development and assessment of a PPD screening program implemented in the NICU. Data analysis of 30 NICU mothers evaluated the risk of PPD based on screening tool scores, maternal diagnostic evaluation compliance, and documentation of maternal follow-up with designated NICU staff.
ANALISIS PEMECAHAN MASALAH GEOMETRI BERDASARKAN TINGKAT BERPIKIR TEORI VAN HIELE DAN GENDER
Authors: Budiarti Marlinda Indah Eka , Mahendra Faisal Eka
Published: April 2020

Abstract: Due to difficulties in learning geometry, the teacher plays an important and active role in creating students who have good problem solving skills. The teacher also has to test the level of geometrical thinking of students based on Van Hiele's theory to find out the students understanding about geometry material, so the teacher can overcome the difficulties of students in learning geometry. This research is designed to explore and describe the process of geometry problem solving based on Van Hiele's theory. Therefore this research used descriptive exploratory. It used qualitative approach. The subject of this research is limited to University of Muhammadiyah Sorong students which obtained the level of visualization, analysis, informal deductive and will be analyzed based on the gender. Data of this research is 1) Geometry Van Hiele Test; 2) Problem Solving Test; 3) Interview. The conclusion of this research is: 1) At the level of male visualization thinking is to identify problem and determine goal using language problem. While at the level of women visualization, it reached on determining goal, ; 2) the level of male analysis thinking is able to pass five steps in problem solving by using own language but are less systematic. While level of female analysis thinking is able to pass five steps in problem solving systematically; 3) level of male deductive formal thinking is to pass five steps problem solving systematically and using own language. While level of female deductive formal thinking is able to pass five steps problem solving systematically and explaining by using own language.
Efektifitas Penggunaan Buku Cerita Bergambar terhadap Kecerdasan Visual Anak Prasekolah
Authors: Ratnasari Eka Mei
Published: April 2020

Multiple intelligences must be optimally stimulated. Its development will be very good for the development of early childhood abilities. This research will discuss the effectiveness of the use of picture books on preschool children's visual intelligence. The research aims to look for the effectiveness of the use of picture books on children's visual intelligence aged of 4-5 years. This study used quasi-experiment method. The subjects were children of TK-KB ABA Pringwulung, Yogyakarta. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling, including two groups, A1 as the experimental group and A2 as the control group. The subjects used in this study examined 40 children. The data analysis technique used a t-test using the SPSS for Windows version 16 computer program to see children's visual intelligence between the two cohorts. The results indicated that there was a significant impact on children's visual intelligence through the use of picture book media in group A at TK-KB ABA Pringwulung Yogyakarta. It can be used by parents, educators, and educational practitioners so as to build an appropriate strategy in developing early childhood visual intelligence.
Apresentação
Authors: Grimm Viviane
Published: April 2020

Apresentação da proposta do evento.
A Educação Profissional no Brasil: Relações entre o Capital, o Estado e a Política Pública
Authors: Cichaczewski João , Castro Cloves
Published: April 2020

A abordagem da temática da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) não pode prescindir da análise dos agentes que operam a luta de classes, especialmente as organizações da classe trabalhadora e o Estado burguês. No Brasil, historicamente, o agente central da implementação de políticas de EPT foi o Estado, portanto não são neutras e precisam ser abordadas na sua totalidade. Para tanto, inicialmente faremos uma breve caracterização da sociedade de classes e em seguida um resgaste histórico dos movimentos do Estado brasileiro no sentido de desenvolver ações de EPT até o momento atual. Por fim, apresentaremos uma reflexão sobre os fundamentos, limites e potencialidades da implantação dos Institutos Federais de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia.
A produção cientifica do GT Educação e Relações Étnicos-Raciais da ANPED (2015 - 2019) e o pesquisador neste âmbito : Uma proposta de investigação
Authors: Bonifácio José
Published: April 2020

Trata-se de uma proposta de investigação vinculada ao Observatório Ibero-Americano de Estudos Comparativos em Educação, ao Grupo de Pesquisa Educogitans e ao plano de trabalho do estágio pós-doutoral no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Regional de Blumenau (PPGE-FURB). Busca compreender como as tendências teórico-metodológicas nos artigos aprovados nas reuniões científicas nacionais de 2015, 2017 e 2019 do Grupo de Trabalho Educação e Relações Étnico-Raciais da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Educação (GT 21 da ANPED) colaboram na contínua formação do pesquisador nesse âmbito. Objetiva identificar as perspectivas teóricas dos artigos analisados, caracterizar as metodologias utilizadas nos artigos, entender qual a relação das teorias e metodologias empregadas nos artigos com a formação do pesquisador, observar as contribuições das teorias e metodologias utilizadas nostrabalhos analisados para reflexões sobre a identidade do pesquisador neste âmbito em educação. O esforço de articulação será necessário para o estudo, pois elementos, abordagens, teorias, métodos e informações serão reunidos e adaptados aos propósitos da pesquisa para serem produzidas categorias, classificações e identificações. Contudo, isto não terá a intenção de erradicar ou anular as diferenças do que buscaremos identificar.
Formação Humana: Implicações estéticas na prática do professor no ensino profissional e tecnológico
Authors: Simoni Danilo , Radeck Ereni , Rostirolla Gélci
Published: April 2020

Este artigo traz uma contribuição no que diz respeito ao estudo referente a formação humana intercultural, com a perspectiva de buscar bibliografia sobre a importância das concepções culturais, bem como as implicações estética na educação. Esse texto se apoia na pesquisa de um grupo junto a pós-graduação em educação tendo a temática as abordagens epistemológicas da educação no Brasil. Desenvolvida na Universidade Regional de Blumenau. Para apoiar e orientar o estudo foi enunciada a seguinte questão: Como a formação humana intercultural contribui na visão estética e tecnológica, levando em conta, as políticas públicas que elaboram as concepções de educação e suas relações para a compreensão cultural e política? Os autores que predominam na pesquisa são Paulo Freire, Reynaldo Mathias Fleury e Vera Maria Candau dentre a brasileira Cristiane Herres Terreza.
Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e a Sustentabilidade na América Latina e no Caribe: Uma abordagem partindo da Educação Comparada
Authors: Vincentini Tatiani , Lamar Adolfo
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho forma parte do Grupo de Pesquisa – Filosofia e Educação – Educogitans. A Educação Comparada se apresenta como um importante elemento para conhecer os mais diversos aspectos daEducação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). A questão da sustentabilidade e do desenvolvimento sustentável, por sua vez, é um tema cada vez mais recorrente na Educação. Frente a isso, o objetivo do presente trabalhoé mapear como se trabalha a sustentabilidade na EPT na América Latina e no Caribe. Para consecução do objetivo proposto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, bibliográfico e documental. Notou-se quea EPT é um campo que está sendo discutido com mais afinco em diversos cenários, assim como as questões ambientais na perspectiva da sustentabilidade do desenvolvimento sustentável. A América Latina e o Caribe,com relação a EPT, nota-se que os países Brasil e Chile, apesar de suas singularidades que merecem e devem ser respeitadas, possuem em suas Diretrizes e Leis indicadores de que as questões ambientais e sustentáveis sefazem presente em diversos eixos.
Educação Escolar e Educação Profissional e Tecnológica em Moçambique
Authors: Da Costa Carlos , Meneguel Stela Maria , Soraes Rosana
Published: April 2020

O artigo propõe o debate em torno dos limites e possibilidades da educação escolar e profissional tecnológica em Moçambique a partir do conceito de formação humana integral. Defende-se o fazer pedagógico como intencional sendo central para emancipação dos sujeitos, e a escola, um espaço de resistência. Com o objetivo principal de mapear as abordagens epistemológicas da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no continente africano, inicia-se analisando os documentos oficiais referentes à Educação Profissional e Tecnológica de Moçambique revelando as concepções de trabalho presentes. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e tratamento bibliográfico visou contribuir para o conhecimento já existente através do  acúmulo de informação, buscando entender os porquês por trás de fenômenos. Aponta-se a ausência dos elementos centrais de desenvolvimento pleno do ser humano na proposta da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica de Moçambique que prioriza os padrões de competências para aquilo que o mercado precisa.
Militarismo 1964-1985, Ficções e Ideologias Documentais na Realidade Brasileira: Revisionismo e EPT
Authors: Pitt Henrique , Monteiro Cátia , Plácido Reginaldo
Published: April 2020

Pretende-se com o texto discutir o período do regime militar do Brasil, que compreende os anos entre 1964-1985 e o contexto sócio-político na ocasião da intervenção das Forças Armadas na democracia do país, sob leitura de bibliografias produzidas por autores militares. Também será analisado o ensino sobre o período na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica do IFC, especificamente nos cursos Técnico em Agropecuária, visto que os Institutos são uma proposta educacional do governo do PT, partido que tem sua gênese dialética justamente no regime militar, e que objetiva a educação politécnica, integrada e interdisciplinar. Para tanto, faz-se a análise bibliográfica e documental a partir da ótica da História Cultural, e discute-se as relações entre documentos e ideologia pelo pensamento de Paul Ricoeur.
Patient and Public Involvement in doctoral research: Reflections and experiences of the PPI contributors and researcher
Authors: Dawson Shoba , Ruddock Angela , Parmar Veena , Morris Rebecca , Cheraghi-sohi Sudeh , Giles Sally , Campbell Stephen
Published: April 2020

Background:Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) has received considerable attention in the last two decades and working in partnership and co-design have now become a prerequisite in health services research in the UK. However, there is a lack of evidence and consistency in recording PPI and related activities. Researchers and PPI contributors are encouraged to record and reflect on the impact of PPI on research. There is significant variation in the way PPI contributors are involved, and it is often limited to some stages of the research cycle than others, without any reflections on the decision-making process for such involvement or any transferable learning. This has resulted in failure to provide a narrative of the research journey including researchers’ and PPI contributors’ personal reflections of involvement. Therefore, this paper provides an exemplar of what PPI in a doctoral research context should look like by providing a detailed account of how PPI was embedded in a doctoral research project, the PPI contributors and researcher’s reflections and key recommendations for involving people specifically in doctoral research.Methods:A reflective approach was taken using data from PPI contributor and researcher notes, e-mail correspondence, meeting notes. Data is presented narratively to reflect on the experiences of involvement throughout the research cycle.Results:Undertaking PPI enhanced the quality and relevance of the doctoral research, contributed to the recruitment of study participants, data analysis and dissemination. Building trust and relationships with PPI contributors was key to continued involvement throughout the life of the project and beyond. There is a need to adopt flexible approaches rather than a one-size-fits-all model when working with PPI contributors. Reflections by PPI contributors and the researcher emphasises that involvement was a rewarding experience. Conclusions: This paper contributes to the wider literature by providing an exemplar of how PPI can be embedded in doctoral research and demonstrates the value of PPI to the research process and the individuals involved. We also present recommendations on how PPI can be incorporated by doctoral and postdoctoral researchers when planning PPI in their research project.
A Novel Signature Based On Mtorc1 Pathway In Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mo Zhuomao , Zhang Shuqiao , Zhang Shijun
Published: April 2020

BackgroundmTORC1 signal pathway play a role in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but no relevant gene signature was developed. This research aimed to explore the potential correlation between mTORC1 signal pathway and HCC and establish the related genes signature.MethodsHCC cases were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The genes to be included in mTORC1-assiociated signature were selected by performing univariate, multivariate Cox regression analysis and lasso regression analysis. Then, the signature was verified by survival analysis and multiple receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Moreover, the correlation between signature and immune cells infiltration was investigated. Furthermore, a nomogram was established and evaluated by C-index and calibration plot.ResultsThe signature was established with the six genes (ETF1, GSR, SKAP2, HSPD1, CACYBP and PNP). Under the grouping from signature, patients in the high- risk group showed worse survival than those in the low-risk group in both three datasets. The signature was found significantly associated with the infiltration of B cells, CD4+T-cells, CD8+T-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that mTORC1 related signature can be the potential independent prognostic factor in HCC. Finally, the nomogram involved age, gender, stage and signature have been established.ConclusionThe mTORC1 associated gene signature established and validated in our research could be used as a potential prognostic factor in HCC. *These authors contributed equally.
Genomic circular RNA expression profile analysis indicated hsa_circRNA_000780 as a diagnostic marker for gastric cancer
Authors: Song Jian , Yu Shuyong , Zhong Dunjing , Yang Weizhong , Jia Zhen , Yuan Guihong , Li Ping , Zhang Ronglin , Li Yini , Zhong Guobing , Chen Zhaowei
Published: April 2020

Background: This study aimed to find the specific circular RNA (circRNA) for gastric cancer (GC) and lay the foundation for the early diagnosis of GC.Methods: Four patients with GC were selected for this study. The total RNA of their cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was extracted, and the circRNA was screened. The top eight upregulated and downregulated circRNAs with statistical significance between GC and paired adjacent nontumorous tissues were identified using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression level of circRNA was identified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR in 78 cases of GC and its adjacent tissues, and in the gastric juice of 30 patients with chronic nonatrophic gastritis, 30 with chronic atrophic gastritis, 21 with early GC, and 57 with advanced GC.Results: A total of 445 circRNAs, including 69 upregulated and 376 downregulated circRNAs, were found to be significantly aberrantly expressed in GC tissues. Most of the differentially expressed circRNAs originated from chr1, chr3, chr4, chr6, and chr11. Hsa_circRNA_000780 was significantly downregulated in 80.77% of GC tissues. Its level in GC tissues correlated with the tumor size, tumor stage, T stage, venous invasion, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 expression. More importantly, hsa_circRNA_000780 was found in the gastric juice of early and advanced GC.Conclusions: This study uncovered the new hsa_circRNA expression profile in human GC. Among them, hsa_circRNA_000780 was significantly downregulated in GC tissues and gastric juice. It had the potential to be used as a novel biomarker for the screening of early GC.
The effect of two surgical approach Lordosis correction in degenerative lumbar diseases: minimally invasive oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) versus transforminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF)
Authors: Li Renjie , Shao Xiaofeng , Jiang Weimin
Published: April 2020

Background: The present study aimed to compare clinical outcomes and radiographic results of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and compared 28 patients who underwent OLIF (OLIF group) and 35 who underwent TLIF (TLIF group). The operation time, intraoperative hemorrhage, bed rest duration, and length of hospital stay were compared between the 2 groups. Clinical results were evaluated with the ODI and VAS for back and leg pain. Radiological results were evaluated with disc height (DH), foraminal height (FH), fused segment lordosis (FSL) and lumbar lordosis (LL).Results: The OLIF group had less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operative time, bed rest time, and hospital stay than TLIF group (P<0.05). The OLIF group had lower VAS scores for back pain and lower VAS scores for leg pain after surgery compared with before surgery (P<0.05), The OLIF group had lower ODI after surgery compared with before surgery (P<0.05). The was no significant difference in decrease value in VAS and ODI after surgery between the two groups (P>0.05). No significant differences were found in DH, FH and LL between the 2 groups preoperatively (P>0.05). The OLIF group showed higher DH and FH than the TLIF group at all time points (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in FSH between the 2 groups at any time point.Conclusions: OLIF has similar good long-term clinical outcomes of TLIF with the additional benefits of less initial postoperative pain, early rehabilitation, shorter hospitalization, and fewer complications.
DeephageTP: A Convolutional Neural Network Framework for Identifying Phage-specific Proteins from metagenomic sequencing data
Authors: Chu Yunmeng , Guo Shun , Cui Dachao , Zhang Haoran , Fu xiongfei , Ma Yingfei
Published: April 2020

Background: Bacteriophage (phage) is the most abundant and diverse biological entity on the Earth. This makes it a challenge to identify and annotate phage genomes efficiently on a large scale. Portal (portal protein), TerL (large terminase subunit protein) and TerS (small terminase subunit protein) are the three specific proteins of the tailed phage. Here, we develop a CNN (convolutional neural network)-based framework, DeephageTP, to identify these three proteins from metagenome data. The framework takes one-hot encoding data of the original protein sequences as the input and extracts the predictive features in the process of modeling. The cutoff loss value for each protein category was determined by exploiting the distributions of the loss values of the sequences within the same category. Finally, we tested the efficacy of the framework using three real metagenomic datasets. Result: The proposed multiclass classification CNN-based model was trained by the training datasets and shows relatively high prediction performance ( A ccuracy : Portal, 98.8%; TerL, 98.6%; TerS, 97.8%) for the three protein categories, respectively. The experiments using the independent mimic dataset demonstrate that the performance of the model could become worse along with the increase of the data size. To address this issue, we determined and set the cutoff loss values (i.e., TerL: -5.2, Portal: -4.2, TerS: -2.9) for each of the three categories, respectively. With these values, the model obtains high performance in terms of Precision in identifying the TerL and Portal sequences (i.e, ~ 94% and ~ 90%, respectively) from the mimic dataset that is 20 times larger than the training dataset. More interestingly, the framework identified from the three real metagenomic datasets many novel phage sequences that are not detectable by the two alignment-based methods (i.e., DIAMOND and HMMER). Conclusion: Compared to the conventional alignment-based methods, our proposed framework shows high performance in identifying phage-specific protein sequences with a particular advantage in identifying the novel protein sequences with remote homology to their known counterparts in public databases. Indeed, our method could also be applied for identifying the other protein sequences with the characteristic of high complexity and low conservation. The DeephageTP is available at https://github.com/chuym726/DeephageTP .
Variability of the Bacillus anthracis tryptophan operon
Authors: Eremenko Eugene Ivan , Bobrysheva Olga , Pisarenko Sergey , Ryazanova Alla , Semenova Olga , Aksenova Lyudmila , Kovalev Dmitry , Pechkovskii Grigorii , Evchenko Anna , Kulichenko Alexander
Published: April 2020

BackgroundBacillus anthracis is a causal agent of a zoonotic disease relevant for many countries, and is an agent of bioterrorism. Meanwhile, the reasons for the dependence on tryptophan of some strains with altered virulence have not been established with an almost complete absence of information on the tryptophan operon of this pathogen. In this study, we report gene variability and the structure of the tryptophan operon in B. anthracis strains of the three main lineages.ResultsFor in silico analysis we used 112 B. anthracis genomes, including 68 of those available at the GenBank database and 44 sequenced at our institute. The B. anthracis tryptophan operon has an ancestral structure with a complete set of seven partially overlapping genes. The results show that the variability of all seven tryptophan operon genes is determined by the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms and InDels. The trpA genes of strains of the main lineage B and trpG genes of strains of the C lineage are pseudogenes and the proteomes lack the corresponding enzymes of the biosynthetic pathway, which may explain the dependence of the strains of line B on tryptophan. ConclusionIn this study, the differences in tryptophan operon genes for B. anthracis strains belonging to different main lineages were demonstrated for the first time. Mutation in the gene of the tryptophan synthase subunit alpha can explain the dysfunction of this enzyme and the dependence on tryptophan in strains of the main lineage B. Identified features suggest a further study of the dependence on tryptophan in B. anthracis strains of the main lineage B and may be of interest from the point of view of intraspecific evolution of the anthrax pathogen.
Ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor improves hepatic steatosis by changing the gut microbiota dysbiosis in NAFLD model mice
Authors: Matsui Masahiro , Fukunishi Shinya , Nakano Takashi , Ueno Takaaki , Higuchi Kazuhide , Asai Akira
Published: April 2020

Background & Aim:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver that is not attributable to consumption of alcohol, highly prevalent in all countries. However, therapeutic agents approved for the treatment of NAFLD are lacking. An ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor (IBATi) which represents a new mode of treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation, leads to increased delivery of bile acids to the colon. We investigated the effect of IBATi for NAFLD through modification of the gut microbiota in mice.
Results

When HFD mice were treated with IBATi, their body weight gain and serum LDL levels were significantly suppressed and NAFLD activity score was significantly decreased. Treatment with IBATi ameliorated the increase of ileal Fgf15 mRNA and the decrease hepatic Cyp7a1 mRNA in HFD mice. The microbial compositions of the feces from these mice were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The decrease of α-diversity in gut microbiota induced by HFD was recovered by the IBATi treatment. To establish a cause-effect of the improvement efficacy of IBATi for NAFLD, we recolonized antibiotic solution-treated mice reared in SPF conditions by fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) using stool from the HFD or HFD + IBATi mice. From FMT, the gut microbiota from HFD + IBATi mice prevented hepatic steatosis caused by HFD.
Conclusions

IBATi improves hepatic steatosis by changing the gut microbiota dysbiosis in NAFLD model mice.
Eucommia Ulmoides Flavones as Antibiotic Alternatives in a Low-protein Diet Improve Growth Performance and Intestinal Health in Weaning Piglets
Authors: Yuan Daixiu , Wang Jing , Xiao Dingfu , Li Jiefeng , Liu Yanhong , Tan Bie
Published: April 2020

Background
Eucommia ulmoides flavones (EUF), have been demonstrated to attenuate the inflammation and oxidative stress of piglets. This study was designed to test whether EUF could be as an antibiotic alternative to support growth performance and maintain intestinal health in weanling-piglets. Weaned-piglets (n = 480) were assigned into 3 groups and fed with a low-protein basal diet (NC), or supplementation with antibiotics (PC) or 0.1‰ EUF (EUF). Blood, intestinal contents and intestine were collected on d-15 and d-35, respectively.
Results
The results showed that the body weight on d-35, average daily gain and gain : feed from d 15 to d 35 and d 0 to d 35 in piglets of PC and EUF treatments were higher than (p < 0.05) these in NC treatment, whereas PC and EUF treatments decreased (p < 0.05) the diarrhea index of weanling piglets. Dietary supplementation of EUF significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) the serum concentrations of total protein, alanine transaminase and the immunoglobulin G on d-15 of piglets compared to piglets in NC treatment. EUF supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the jejunal and ileal villus height and the population of ileal lactic acid bacteria on d-15 but remarkable decreased (p < 0.05) the population of ileal coliform bacteria on d-15 and d-35.
Conclusion
These findings indicated the antibiotic alternative capacity of EUF in piglets exhibiting by improving growth performance and intestinal morphology, decreasing colonization of coliform bacteria and diarrhea index in weanling piglets.
Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children
Authors: xiao yanfeng , zhang hong ai , zhang mei zhen , yin chunyan
Published: April 2020

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children.Methods:: This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results: Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion: Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.
Bioinformatics analysis reveals different gene expression patterns in chondrocytes from knee and finger joints: implications for the effect of mechanical stress in the osteoarthritic development
Authors: Mei Wei , Yin Songjiang , Shi Xiaoqing , Li Xiaochen , Zhang Li , Xing Runlin , Zhang Nongshan , Wang Peimin , Huang Guicheng
Published: April 2020

Background

Mechanical stress has been well known to be a significant risk factor for the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of this study is to clarify the key genes and the signaling pathways which is associated with the effect of mechanical stress on OA development.
Results

A total of 213 Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in cultured chondrocytes from knee and finger joints, including 101 up- and 112 down-regulated genes, which brought an enrichment in positive or negative regulation of cell proliferation, positive regulation of cell division, positive regulation of apoptotic process and embryonic limb morphogenesis. Two comparison cohorts shared 122 overlapping genes including 49 up- and 73 down-regulated genes, which enriched in DNA replication, cell division, calcium ion binding and positive regulation of apoptotic process. Twelve hub overlapped genes including Cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), Kinesin family member 11 (KIF11), Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase (BUB1) and Mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) were defined and predicted miRNAs of the genes mainly enriched in Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and Mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) signaling pathway.
Conclusions

Mechanical stress shown multiple influences on chondrocytes, physiologically necessary for maintaining chondrocyte homeostasis and promoting cartilage development, pathologically help for cartilage destruction and OA development via boosting chondrocyte differentiation and hypertrophy and accelerating cell apoptosis.
Impact of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration for 12 months on renal function
Authors: Hayashi Kazuhiro , Miki Kenji , Kajiyama Hiroshi , Ikemoto Tatsunori
Published: April 2020

Background: The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with an increased risk of renal complications. Resolution of renal side effects following NSAID administration has been observed following short-term use. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether switching from long-term NSAID administration to tramadol hydrochloride/acetaminophen (TA) combination tablets results in reversal of renal side effects.Methods: This was a longitudinal retrospective study of 99 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The patients were administrated NSAIDs daily during the first 12 months followed by daily TA combination tablets for 12 months. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase were measured at baseline, after NSAIDs administration, and after TA administration.Results: eGFR was significantly reduced following 12-month NSAIDs administration (median, from 84.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 to 72.8 mL/min/1.73 m2), and further reduction was prevented following the subsequent 12-month TA administration. Reduction in eGFR was less in patients who received celecoxib (median, -1.8 mL/min/1.73 m2) during the first 12 months. There was no significant difference in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase in each period.Conclusions: Thus, patients receiving NSAIDs for 12 months displayed both reversible and irreversible reduction of eGFR upon cessation of NSAIDs and switching to TA. Our data highlights the potential safety benefit of utilizing multimodal analgesic therapies to minimize the chronic administration of NSAIDs.
Predictors of macular pigment and contrast threshold in normolipemic subjects aged 45-65
Authors: Olmedilla-Alonso Begoña , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Elena , Beltrán-de-Miguel Beatriz , Estévez-Santiago Rocío , Sánchez-Prieto Milagros
Published: April 2020

Objective: The dietary carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin are transported in the bloodstream by lipoproteins and selectively captured in the retina where they constitute macular pigment. There are no lutein and zeaxanthin dietary intake recommendations nor desired blood/tissue concentrations for the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the lutein and zeaxanthin dietary intake, their serum concentrations, lipid profile, macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and the contrast sensitivity (CT), as visual outcome in normolipemic subjects age 45-65 (n=101). Methods: MPOD, L and Z in serum and dietary intake were determined using heterochromatic flicker photometry, high-performance liquid chromatography and 3-day food records. CT was measured with the CGT-1000 Contrast Glaretester at six stimulus sizes, with and without glare. Results: Lutein and zeaxanthin serum concentrations (median): 0.361 and 0.078 µmol/L. Lutein+zeaxanthin intake: 1.1 mg/d (median). MPOD: 0.34 du. Lutein+zeaxanthin intake correlates with their serum concentrations (ρ=0.333, p =0.001), which in turn correlates with MPOD (ρ=0.229, p =0.000) and with the fruit and vegetable consumption (ρ=0.202, p =0.001), but not with the lutein+zeaxanthin dietary intake. HDL-cholesterol correlated with lutein+zeaxanthin serum (ρ=0.253, p =0.000) and with CT under glare conditions (ρ range: 0.016–0.160). MPOD predictors: serum lutein+zeaxanthin, lutein+zeaxanthin/HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol (R 2 =15.9%). CT predictors: MPOD and sex (β coefficients ranges: -0.950,-0.392; -0.134,-0.393, respectively). Conclusion: There were correlations at all points in time in this sequence between lutein+zeaxanthin intake and the visual outcome and, HDL-cholesterol played a relevant role.
Lactobacillus plantarum inoculation delays decomposition of alfalfa silage under adverse ensiling conditions by regulating bacterial community composition
Authors: Yang Fengyuan , Wang Yanping , Zhao Shanshan , Wang Yuan
Published: April 2020

Background

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) involved in improving fermentation quality of naturally ensiled alfalfa under poor conditions.
Results

High-moisture wilted alfalfa was ensiled without inoculants (CK) or with inoculation of two L. plantarum additives (LPI and LPII). The pH and fermentation products of silage were investigated, and the bacterial community compositions were analyzed. The L. plantarum inoculants significantly enhanced the lactic acid fermentation in terms of promotions in pH decline, lactic acid accumulation, and Lactobacillus abundance for both periods. At 90 d, silage in CK exhibited a high pH, a loss in dry matter, and a high concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen. The inoculations of L. plantarum significantly inhibited the growth of Clostridia, and reduced ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in silage (P < 0.05).
Conclusions

Inoculation with L. plantarum improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage and inhibited the growth of spoilage microorganisms, and further delayed decomposition of alfalfa silage under adverse ensiling conditions.
Tumor volume is more reliable to predict nodal metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer of 3 cm or less in diameter
Authors: Jia Bei , Chen Biao , Long Hao , Rong Tiehua , Su Xiaodong
Published: April 2020

Background

In this study, we sought to evaluate the correlation between TV, GTD, and lymph node metastases in NSCLC patients with tumors ≤ 3.0 cm.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the relationship between the clinicopathologic variables and lymph node involvement in 285 NSCLC patients with tumors ≤ 3.0 cm who accepted curative surgical resection. The TVs were semi-automatically measured by a software and optimal cutoff points obtained using X-tile software. The relationship between GTD and TV were described using non-linear regression. The correlation between GTD, TV, and N stages were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The One-Way ANOVA was used to compare the GTD and TV of different lymph node stage groups.
Results

The relationship between GTD and TV accorded with the exponential growth model:y = 0.113e1.455x (y = TV, x = GTD). TV for patients with node metastases (4.782.83 cm3) was significantly greater for those without metastases (3.572.62 cm3) (P<0.001). However, there were no obvious GTD differences in cases with or without lymph node metastases (P = 0.054). We divided all cases into three TV groups using the two cutoff values (0.9 cm3 and 3.9 cm3) and there was an obvious difference in the lymphatic involvement rate between the groups (P<0.001). The tendency to metastasize was greater with higher TV especially when the TV was >0.9–14.2 cm3 (P = 0.010).
Conclusions

For NSCLC tumors ≤ 3.0 cm, TV is a more sensitive marker than GTD in predicting the positive lymph node metastases. The likelihood for metastasis increases with an increasing TV especially when GTD is > 2.0–3.0 cm.
The difference of whole-body sagittal alignment in different postures in young, healthy adults
Authors: XUE RUI , Shen Yong , Liu Dai
Published: April 2020

Study DesignProspective study.ObjectiveTo identify the differences of radiographic between standard upright position and natural and comfortable upright position.MethodsRadiographic parameters of 50 young and healthy adults were evaluated including the global cervical angle (GCA), global thoracic angle (GTA), global lumbar angle (GLA), which were used to depict the spine profile; the distance from the cranial sagittal vertical axis (CSVA) to the posterior corner of S1(CSVA-S), the center of the hip(CSVA-H), the center of the knee(CSVA-K) and the ankle(CSVA-A), respectively in both upright positions and natural and comfortable upright position, which were employed to describe the whole-body balance.ResultsSignificant differences could be observed in all the GCA(17.39 ± 6.90 vs. 10.90 ± 3.77, p < .001), GTA(25.63 ± 7.27 vs. 45.42 ± 8.15 p < .001), GLA(42.64 ± 8.05 vs. 20.21 ± 7.47 p < .001), CSVA-S(0.33 ± 2.76 cm vs. 8.54 ± 3.78 cm, p < 0.001), CSVA-H(1.53 ± 3.11 cm vs. 5.71 ± 3.26 cm, p < 0.001), CSVA-K(3.58 ± 2.47 cm vs. 5.22 ± 2.69 cm, p = 0.002) and CSVA-A(1.79 ± 1.92 cm vs. 4.79 ± 2.51 cm, p < 0.001) in the two different standing postures, respectively. Compared with standard upright position, natural and comfortable upright position results in a more kyphotic spine profile.ConclusionSignificant differences in sagittal radiographic parameters were found between the standard upright position and natural and comfortable upright position, with the latter revealing a more kyphotic spinal profile more common in everyday life, which may explain the existing spinal pathologies as well as predict postoperative complications. The natural and comfortable upright position should be a factor to consider when performing a surgical plan.
Prediction of clinical and biomarker conformed Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment from multi-feature brain structural MRI
Authors: Li Binyin , Zhang Miao , Riphagen Joost , Yochim Kathryn Morrison , Li Biao , Liu Jun , Salat David H.
Published: April 2020

Background: Structural neuroimaging has been applied towards identification of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, these methods are greatly impacted by age limiting their utility for detection of preclinical pathology. Therefore, careful consideration of age effects in the modeling of AD degenerative patterns could provide more sensitive detection of the earliest stages of brain disease.Methods: We built linear models for age based on multiple combined structural features (cortical thickness, subcortical structural volumes, ratio of gray to white matter signal intensity, white matter signal abnormalities, total intracranial volume) in 272 healthy adults across a wide age range (D1: age 36-108). These models were then used to create a new support vector machine (SVM) training model with 10-fold cross validation in 136 AD and 268 control participants (D2) based on deviations from the expected age-effects found in the initial sample. Subsequent validation assessed the accuracy of the SVM model to correctly classify AD patients in a new dataset (D3). Finally, we applied the classifier to individuals with MCI to evaluate prediction for early impairment and longitudinal cognitive change.Results: Optimal cross-validation accuracy was 93.07% in the D2, compared to 91.83% without age detrending in D1. In the validation dataset (D3), the classifier obtained an accuracy of 84.85% (56/66), sensitivity of 85.36% (35/41) and specificity of 84% (21/25). In the MCI dataset, we observed significantly greater longitudinal cognitive decline in MCI who were classified as more ‘AD-like’ (MCI-AD), and this effect was pronounced in individuals who were late MCI. The top five contributive features were volumes of left hippocampus, right hippocampus, left amygdala, the thickness of left and right medial temporal & parahippocampus gyrus.Conclusions: Linear detrending for age in SVM for combined structural features resulted in good performance for classification of AD and generalization of MCI prediction. Such procedures should be employed in future work.
Circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acid Concentrations are Associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass and Thyroid Function in Young Japanese Men
Authors: Tsunekawa Katsuhiko , Matsumoto Ryutaro , Ushiki Kazumi , Martha Larasati , Shoho Yoshifumi , Yanagawa Yoshimaro , Ishigaki Hirotaka , Yoshida Akihiro , Araki Osamu , Nakajima Kiyomi , Kimura Takao , Murakami Masami
Published: April 2020

Background Few nutritional markers reflect the hypermetabolic state of athletes with high levels of skeletal muscle. Although branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) play crucial roles in protein metabolism in skeletal muscle, the relation between circulating BCAA concentration and skeletal muscle mass has not been fully understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between skeletal muscle mass and serum BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR), a convenient indicator of circulating BCAA, in young Japanese men including wrestling athletes with high skeletal muscle mass. Methods The study enrolled 111 young Japanese men: 70 wrestling athletes and 41 controls. None were taking medications or undergoing extreme dietary restriction or an intense exercise regimen. Each participant’s body composition, serum concentrations of albumin and rapid turnover proteins, BTR, and thyroid function were assessed. Results Compared to the controls, the athletes had significantly higher weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass (SMM) ( p < 0.001) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) ( p < 0.001), and lower serum albumin concentration ( p < 0.001) and BTR ( p < 0.001). Kruskal–Wallis tests with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests showed that serum albumin concentration and BTR were significantly lower in the participants with higher SMM and SMI. Spearman's correlation analyses showed that SMM and SMI were inversely correlated with serum albumin concentration (SMM, ρ = −0.315, p = 0.001; SMI, ρ = −0.511, p < 0.001) and BTR (SMM, ρ = −0.424, p < 0.001; SMI, ρ = −0.511, p < 0.001). Serum albumin concentration was positively correlated with BTR (ρ = 0.438, p < 0.001), transthyretin (ρ = 0.281, p = 0.003) and transferrin (ρ = 0.299, p = 0.001), but BTR was not correlated with other nutritional indicators. Serum concentration of free 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine was inversely correlated with BTR (ρ = −0.308, p = 0.001), but not with serum albumin or skeletal muscle mass. Conclusions These results suggest that the consumption of circulating BCAAs increases with increased skeletal muscle mass and is facilitated by thyroid hormones independent of skeletal muscle mass. Serum BTR may be a useful biomarker to assess the hypermetabolic state of athletes.