bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Representation in/of Classical Music
Authors: Curtin Adrian , Whittaker Adam
Published: December 2021

This essay introduces the special collection 'Representing Classical Music in the Twenty-First Century'. The editors outline what the collection is about and explain how it developed before providing synopses of the articles and linking them together. They argue for the importance of joined-up thinking between scholars from multiple disciplines, artists working across different media forms, and professionals in the classical music industry.
Review of 'The Ever Widening Spiral' (Alley Theatre and Strabane and Sperrin Visitor Information Centre, 2021)
Authors: O’Kane Boal Marianne
Published: December 2021

Review of ‘The Ever Widening Spiral’ (Alley Theatre and Strabane and Sperrin Visitor Information Centre, 27 September–15 October 2021).
Making cross-cutting exposure more deliberative: The moderating role of the equality rule in online discussions on a gender issue
Authors: Ahn Chloe , Min Young
Published: December 2021

Contrary to the normative emphasis on the rule of equality in the deliberation literature, little has been known about empirical consequences of the rule of equality, especially when applied in online discussions where political disagreement is prevalent. Given that hostile gender-related discussions have been noticeably increasing in South Korea, we investigated whether applying deliberative rules, especially cross-cutting exposure and equality, can improve gender-issue discussion quality and foster mutual understanding and healthy political engagement. For this purpose, we designed an online experiment involving moderated deliberations on the abolition of the national abortion ban via KakaoTalk, the most popular messenger platform in South Korea. The deliberative qualities of online discussions in terms of rationality and civility were assessed in a more objective and unobtrusive way: a content analysis of actual conversation transcripts. Participatory intention for gender issue-related activities and civic attitudes were also measured. Results indicate the equality rule can help to promote normatively desirable outcomes in discussions with disagreeing others while the positive effects of cross-cutting exposure were found limited. When combined with the rule of equality, hearing the other side meaningfully enhanced the deliberative qualities and participatory intentions of discussants.
A ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DA INFÂNCIA: NOTAS SOBRE A PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DE UMA PROFESSORA NO JARDIM DA INFÂNCIA “GETÚLIO VARGAS”
Authors: Souza José Edimar , Conceição Caroline Machado Cortelini
Published: December 2021

Este estudo investiga fragmentos de memórias sobre as práticas pedagógicas da professora Maria Gersy Höher Thiesen, primeira professora do pioneiro jardim da infância “GetúlioVargas”, implantado em 1942, na região de Lomba Grande, espaço rural de Novo Hamburgo/RS. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, utiliza a metodologia da História Oral, valendo-se de entrevistas semi-estruturadas sob o referencial teórico da História Cultural. A análise enfatiza as práticas de escolarização, focalizando como foram seus primeiros tempos de professora e a dimensão das memórias das práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas no jardim de infância. Destaca-se no conjunto de análise que mesmo à margem da cidade, em Novo Hamburgo/RS, na década de 1940, em Lomba Grande havia um jardim de infância e que as práticas estabelecidas por esta professora não se diferenciavam muito das metodologias usuais deste período. Constatou-se ainda a influência que a corrente pedagógica desta época impregnada pelo nacionalismo e o sentido vocacional como característica de sua prática docente.
INVENTÁRIO DE UMA (DES)EDUCAÇÃO MUSICAL
Authors: Guedes Pacheco Eduardo
Published: December 2021

Este inventário compõe a Tese de Doutorado Por uma (Des)Educação Musical, trabalho defendido no programa de Pós Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul em dezembro de 2011. Por sua vez, este trabalho também faz parte do Observatório da Educação Escrileituras – Um modo de ler e escrever em meio a vida, projeto aprovado no edital 038/2010 do Observatório da Educação do MEC, vinculado a CAPES e ao INEP e que tem a coordenação geral realizada pela Prof. Dr.ª Sandra Mara Corazza. O ensaio escolhe o prefixo (des) como ato de criação e o coloca à disposição de proposições entrelaçadas com a Educação Musical, tomando a filosofia da Diferença como intercessora e propulsora de processos composicionais ligados a Música e a Educação.
POR UMA ESCUTA LIVRE
Authors: Pohlmann Roberto Kittel , Gava José Estevan
Published: December 2021

Este artigo discute a escuta musical livre, pela qual se promove o conhecimento musical e a audição do mais amplo leque de músicas, libertando o ouvinte, mesmo que parcialmente, com relação aos repertórios musicais divulgados e enaltecidos pelos meios de comunicação de massa. Como embasamento teórico e ponto de partida, são considerados aqui os trabalhos de Murray Schafer sobre a limpeza de ouvido e de Gaston Bachelard a respeito da noção de hábito. A partir desses autores em especial e de experiências docentes aqui relatadas, esboçam-se técnicas e estratégias para aplicar e incentivar formas de escuta musical alternativas, mais livres e críticas.
MODELING THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE TRANSFORMATION USING ECOSYSTEM SERVICE ASSESSMENT
Authors:   Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, SB RAS, Nazarenko Anton Ev.
Published: December 2021

The study analyzes the possibilities of using cost estimates of ecosystem services to assess the effects of transformations in land use. The consequences of transformations were assessed by comparing the value of basic ecosystem services for different patterns of the land use structure, taking into account the fact that the volume of ecosystem services provided is limited by the ecosystem sustainability limits. To estimate ecosystem services, the methodology developed by the author was used. It is based on the indicators of agricultural land productivity and their value terms. The assessment was carried out for the Zarinsky district of Altai Krai, located at the junction of the West Siberian and Altai-Sayan physicogeographical countries. The study has revealed that the greatest value of basic ecosystem services in the region with agricultural specialization can be achieved by optimizing the agricultural load – reducing the share of arable land and increasing the share of forage land in the total area. It is proposed to implement this by involving plots of fallow lands in circulation: some of the plots are proposed to be used for reforestation, while others – for haying and grazing. This will balance the need to maximize agricultural production, while not reducing the sustainability of the ecosystems.
THE USE OF AUTOMATED SYNOPTIC TYPING FOR CONDITIONAL VERIFICATION OF NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION IN THE PERM REGION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Kostarev Sergey V. , Rusin Igor N. ,   Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the possibility of verification of short-term 2-meter air temperature forecasts with the Global Forecast System and Global Environment Multiscale numerical weather prediction models depending on the observed synoptic type (a case study of the Perm region for the period 2018–2019). As part of the study, we have developed a system of automated determination of synoptic type based on a two-stage procedure, including decomposition of mean sea level pressure fields via principal component analysis and the subsequent clustering of decomposition coefficients using K-means. It has been established that GFS forecasts are more dependent on synoptic type in summer than in winter. The decline of forecast quality, expressed in systematic underestimation of forecast temperature by 0.6°–1.2°, is noted for synoptic types associated with warm air advection.: In contrast, GEM forecasts tend to lack accuracy in winter. A sharp decrease in forecast quality has been discovered in the central area of anticyclone at night, when the forecast accuracy drops to 44%. The obtained results could be useful in operational forecasting and model postprocessing.
GEOECOLOGICAL REGULARITIES OF THE MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN DISTRIBUTION DURING ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE GEOSYSTEMS OF PRIONEZHYE
Authors:   Karelian Research Center of the RAS, Rybakov Dmitry S. , Krutskikh Natalya V. ,   Karelian Research Center of the RAS
Published: December 2021

Molybdenum and tungsten in polluted geosystems have been insufficiently studied. The goal of this work is to compare the distribution of Mo, W and Mo/W ratio in the components of geosystems near the western shores of Lake Onega. To achieve this goal, the content of the metals in soils, bottom sediments, river water and, additionally, street dust and road asphalt was determined, dependence graphs were constructed, linear correlation coefficients were calculated. The most polluted soils are those in the central part of Petrozavodsk, while the least polluted are those in the rest of the city. The geometric mean content of Mo and W is maximum in the fraction < 0,1 mm of the soils at the former Onega Tractor Plant site (20,9 and 70,9 mg/kg, respectively); the content is lower in large fractions 1,0–0,1 mm (4,84–8,26 and 15,6–26,3 mg/kg). Mo/W ratio in the soils of the industrial site is on average lower than in the soils of the rest of the city. The soils of the South-Western Onega region are not polluted with the studied metals. There is no statistically significant correlation between Mo and W in most soils, with the exception of the most contaminated ones. Bottom sediments of the urban Lososinka River contain an average of 2,70 mg/kg Mo and 3,73 mg/kg W, while the suburban section of the Shuya River contains 0,573 and 0,572 mg/kg, respectively. In the urban river water, the geometric mean of Mo/W ratio varies from 0,090 (dry weather) to 0,385 (rain). Both values differ considerably from the literature data due to significant tungsten contamination. When conducting geoecological monitoring in the future, more attention should be paid to various sources of harmful metal pollution. These studies are important for reducing health risks associated with pollution.
DETERMINATION OF LOCAL BACKGROUND CONTENT OF SOME MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS IN THE SOILS OF THE PERM REGION
Authors:   Perm State University, Dziuba Ekaterina A.
Published: December 2021

According to the V.I. Vernadsky law, chemical elements are distributed unevenly in natural objects. Knowledge of the content of chemical elements in a particular area helps in solving various environmental problems. As a result of economic activity, there occurs anthropogenic transformation of the natural environment, including changes in the geochemical properties of landscapes. For an objective assessment of the anthropogenic impact when studying various territories, it is necessary to take into account the background content of macro- and microelements. Since there is a constant anthropogenic impact on the natural environment, the data on background content must be updated. The article presents the results of the content study conducted for some macro- and microelements (Sr, Pb, As, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe2O3, MnO, Cr, V, TiO2) in landscapes in the Perm region. To determine the content of these elements, the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied. As a result, the geochemical specialization of the region and its natural areas (Northern Urals, Western Urals, Middle Taiga, South Taiga, Mixed Coniferous-broad-leaved Forests and Kungur forest-steppe) was determined, geochemical series were constructed, accumulating and dispersing elements were identified. The local background content of the studied elements was determined for each natural area and also the Perm region as a whole. The data obtained can be used to assess the anthropogenic impact on the natural environment.
Social Indicators of Conflict in the Context of Media and Journalism: Analysis of the Content of Russian Media
Authors: Smirnova Olga , Shkondin Mikhail , Denissova Galina , Antipova Alina , Ilchenko Daniil
Published: December 2021

Conflictology as a field of knowledge is aimed at identifying and substantiating the factors that systematically generate contradictions, social tension, and collisions in the society. At the same time, researchers recognize that media support has become an integral natural part of conflict throughout the process of its development, which gives rise to a media-centric approach to the study of sociocultural conflicts using interdisciplinary means and methodological tools. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the results of a study analyzing key indicators of conflict-related information agenda in Russian mass media outlets. The leading federal socio-political newspapers Komsomolskaya Pravda, Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Kommersant, as well as online media sources Lenta.Ru and Gazeta.Ru were selected as the object of the research. The period under investigation was January-December 2020. The selection and analysis of publications by keywords was carried out using the information retrieval system for monitoring and analyzing the media "Integrum" and an algorithm based on artificial neural networks word2vec. The original methodology has made it possible to determine the ratio of publications containing conflict as the key notion in the total amount of media reports of the same period, as well as to identify key indicators of conflict-related materials analyzing their main characteristics. The results have shown that Russian media sources chosen as the study sample reveal conflict significantly a lot and the topic semantic field is extremely diverse. The present study may be prototypical for the analysis of indicators of relevant issues and resonant topics in any social sphere. This, in turn, is extremely valuable in situations when mass media becomes a tool for shaping public opinion and consciousness, in terms of both theoretical or scientific importance and quick and effective practical application.
The Problem of Deheroization of the Image of a Terrorist in Mass Media Publications
Authors: Oleshko Vladimir , Oleshko Evgeny , Shestak Ivan
Published: December 2021

In the era of globalization, the problem of terrorism in all of its forms and aspects is one of the most important issues for the global society. This article reviewed the problem of deheroization of the image of a terrorist in modern mass media. Since the media today operate in a constantly updated digital space, the authors have tried to develop an algorithm of deheroization. In this regard, the sequence of creative operations is analyzed and presented, for a journalist or another subject of information activity is able to deprive a terrorist or a criminal group of a hero halo and any other aspects of solidarity with them. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was scientific works devoted to the problems of counter-terrorism activities and the role of the mass media in its implementation. The empirical basis of the study was the thematic monitoring of 112 texts that covered the resonant terrorist acts of 2016–2021. Comparative analysis and secondary data analysis were used as well. Using concrete examples, it is proved that the algorithm of deheroization of the image of a terrorist, developed on the basis of legislative and ethical aspects of journalistic activity, should be characterized by discreteness, certainty, effectiveness, and should also contain some properties of the heuristic process. It is noted that the structural-thematic, socio-psychological, lexical and semantic characteristics of the broadcast texts both increase and remove their uncertainty, which ultimately determines the effectiveness of the media activity. The proposed recommendations, an analysis of techniques and methods of deheroization, can contribute not only to counter-terrorism activities, but also could be applicable in other information situations. The developed algorithm is useful for a wide range of journalists, media managers and students of creative study programs.
Identification of Phytochemicals from the Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia Roots using Solid-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Extraction Based Fractionation Techniques
Authors: Chua Lee Suan , Segaran Abirame , Wong Hoi Jin
Published: December 2021

Phytochemicals in the water extract of Eurycoma longofolia roots were identified using both solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extraction based fractionation techniques. A reversed phase C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) was used as solid-liquid extraction, whereas solvent partition was applied as liquid-liquid extraction. Total saponin was increased after fractionation. A few known quassinoids; eurycomanone, 13α(21)-epoxyeurycomanone, pasakbumin D, 13β,18-dihydroeurycomanol and 13β,21-dihydroxyeurycomanol were identified from the 40% and 60% methanol fractions of SPE. Solvent partition extract using ethyl acetate was found to have the highest saponin content compared to butanol and chloroform fractions. Subsequent acetone precipitation of the organic fractions recovered a formylated hexose trimer and other saccharide-containing compounds. Ethyl acetate effectively recovered saponins from E. longofolia water extract using liquid-liquid extraction followed by acetone precipitation.
Medicinal Plants Extracts Impact on Oxidative Stress in Mice Brain under the Physiological Conditions: the Effects of Corn Silk, Parsley, and Bearberry
Authors: Vranješ Marijana , Štajner Dubravka , Vranješ Dejan , Blagojević Bojana , Pavlović Ksenija , Milanov Dubravka , Popović Boris M.
Published: December 2021

This study was performed to examine the effects of medicinal plant extracts of corn silk (Stigma maydis), parsley leaf (Petroselini folium), and bearberry leaf (Uvae ursi folium) on antioxidant status of the brain of experimental animals (mice) under the physiological conditions. Biological properties of these plants are insufficiently investigated and the aim was to explore their possible antioxidant effects that can alleviate oxidative damage of the brain tissue. Corn silk extract showed positive effect on activities of antioxidant enzymes in mice brain tissue. Parsley extract induced the increase in glutathione content and decrease of lipid peroxidation. Bearberry leaf extract induced catalase activity and decrease of hydroxyl radical content, while malonyldialdehide accumulation was maintained at the control level. Results obtained in this study support the use of corn silk, parsley and bearberry leaves as natural antioxidant sources in the prevention and treatment of brain tissue damages and different diseases caused by oxidative stress.
Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structures of Schiff Base Copper Complexes with Urease Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Han Shuang , Wang Yuan
Published: December 2021

Urease inhibitors can inhibit the decomposition rate of urea, and decrease the air pollution caused by ammonia. In this paper, four new copper(II) complexes [CuL(ONO2)]n (1), [Cu2L2(μ1,3-N3)2] (2), [CuBrL] (3), and [CuClL] (4), where L = 5-bromo-2-(((2-methylamino)ethyl)imino)methyl)phenolate, have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, molar conductivity, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray analysis reveals that Cu atoms in complexes 1 and 2 are in square pyramidal coordination, and those in complexes 3 and 4 are in square planar coordination. The molecules of the complexes are linked through hydrogen bonds and π···π interactions. The inhibitory effects of the complexes on Jack bean urease were studied, which showed that the complexes have effective activity on urease.
Lomustine Incorporated Lipid Nanostructures Demonstrated Preferential Anticancer Properties in C6 Glioma Cell Lines with Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Profile in Mice
Authors: Satapathy Bhabani Sankar , Kumar Ladi Alik , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Barik Binapani
Published: December 2021

Effective treatment of glioma still stands as a challenge in medical science. The work aims for the fabrication and evaluation of lipid based nanostructures for improved delivery of lomustine to brain tumor cells. Experimental formulations (LNLs) were developed by modified lipid layer hydration technique and evaluated for different in vitro characteristics like particle size analysis, surface charge, surface morphology, internal structure, in vitro drug loading, drug release profile etc. Anticancer potential of selected LNLs was tested in vitro on C6 glioma cell line. Electron microscopic study depicted a size of less than 50 nm for the selected LNLs along wirh 8.8% drug loading with a sustained drug release tendency over 48 h study period. Confocal microscopy revealed resonable internalization of the selected LNL in C6 cells. LNLs were found more cytotoxic than free drug and blank nanocarriers as depicted from MTT assay. The selected LNL showed improved pharmacokinetic profile both in blood and brain in the experimental mice models along with negligible hemolysis in mice blood cells. Further studies are warranted for the future translation of LNLs at clinics.
Impact of the gamma variant on the icu admission in a hospital of the autonomous city of Buenos Aires (Caba), Argentina
Authors: Verónica Mandich , Daniel Chiacchiara , Antonio Pilipec , Santiago Grimaldi , Johnny Cotez , Víctor Paniouk , Oswaldo Escobar , Henry Arévalo , Sebastián Pérez Flach , Amílcar Herbas Pozo , Alejandro Aimar , Marcelo Bravo
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Comparison between patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with ventilatory support during the first and second wave (Gamma variant) of COVID 19 in a tertiary hospital in the City of Buenos Aires. Design: Descriptive, observational, prospective cohort study. Setting: ICU of an acute general hospital in Argentina. Patients: Adult patients with COVID-19 admitted consecutively to the ICU. Intervention: Admission to ICU. Main variables of interest: Demographic and laboratory data, history, duration of MV, mortality. Results: 44 patients were recruited during the first wave, and 80 in the second. Significant differences were observed in the second wave for age (60, [SD 11]; vs 68 [SD 11]; p <0.01), days with symptoms (9 [SD 5]; vs 4.5 [SD 3]; p <0.01), duration of MV (10 days [SD 7]; vs 16 [SD 13]; p <0.01), Ferritin (1450 mcg / l [SD 547]; vs 941 mcg / l [ SD 593]; p 0.04) and use of antibiotics (97% vs 45% p <0.01). There was no difference in mortality (66% vs 78% p 0.14) but there was in its primary causes; being more frequent hypoxemia associated with sepsis in the second wave (40% vs 3.4% p <0.01) and hypoxemia and multiorgan failure in the first (28% vs 4% p <0.01). Conclusions: During the second wave of the pandemic, due to Gamma variant, more patients were admitted to our unit, younger, with a longer evolution time, a shorter time on MV and a greater inflammatory response, with no difference in mortality, although there was a difference in its causes.
An introduction to the superunified theory of quantum fields & fundamental interactions (Discoveries in pure mathematics)
Authors: Besud Chu Erdeni
Published: December 2021

This is intended to describe the physical Universe as self-excited and self-organized mathematical continuum. There does exist the universal pure (not applied) mathematical machine perceived by the intelligent observers in a capacity of certain material world. In this short article we are able to indicate only some key points of the theory which suggests practically infinite amount of combinatorics.
A multicenter survey of patients’ favorite type of nursing care and associated factors in Hebei Province, China v1
Authors: not provided dryzzhang , Lv Hongzhi
Published: December 2021

Background: Nursing care service is an important part of the healthcare system; however, patients’ favorite type of nursing care remains unknown. This study aims to investigate inpatients’ and nurses’ favorite types of nursing care and identify nurses' learning needs. Method: The study selected a province-representative sample of inpatients and nurses using a stratified random sampling method from 18 selected hospitals, including 9 Level Ⅱhospitals and 9 Level Ⅲ hospitals in 9 cities of Hebei province. All participants were personally interviewed about their favorite type of nursing care. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the potential associations between favorite nursing care and factors about inpatients and nurses.
Assessment of Human Islet Composition and Acinar Cell Component by Immunofluorescence Staining v2
Authors: not provided IIDP-HIPP
Published: December 2021

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is based on the Human Islet Phenotyping Program of the IIDP Immunofluorescence Staining Procedure. This SOP provides the HIPP procedure for immunofluorescent staining, imaging, and analysis of islet preparations. This SOP defines the assay method used by the Human Islet Phenotyping Program (HIPP) for quantitative and qualitative determination of the Purified Human Pancreatic Islet product, post-shipment, manufactured for use in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)-sponsored research in the Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP).
Total Soluble Sugar Quantification from Ethanolic Plant Extracts v1
Authors: Doran Lynn , P. De Souza Amanda
Published: December 2021

Quantification of total soluble sugars (as glucose) in plant tissue extracts via the sulfuric phenol method adapted for 96 well plates.
Igazságos szolgáltatások? A közérdekű szolgáltatások fejlesztésének hatása a társadalmi térbeli viszonyokra
Authors: Tagai Gergely
Published: December 2021

A társadalmi és térbeli igazságosság koncepciói arra a kérdésre keresik a választ, hogyan kezelhetők a társadalmon belüli egyenlőtlenségek méltányos módon, és hogyan lehet egyenlő lehetőségeket biztosítani a társadalom tagjai számára. Ennek a kérdésnek a megválaszolásában kulcsszerepe van a szolgáltatások fenntartásának: hogyan biztosítható különböző szolgáltatások igazságos és méltányos ellátása ezek meglétét, elérhetőségét, megfizethetőségét vagy minőségét figyelembe véve. A közérdekű szolgáltatások ideájának alapelvei egy olyan európai társadalmi működésmódban gyökereznek, amely az egyenlő lehetőségek, társadalmi jólét, szolidaritás és kohézió elérését célozza. Ezek a társadalmi és térbeli igazságosságot érintő törekvéseknek is központi elemei.

A vizsgált esettanulmányok tapasztalatai azt jelzik, hogy bár a közérdekű szolgáltatások biztosításával kapcsolatos helyi kihívások bizonyos mértékig kezelhetők (pl. az életkörülmények javítása), a helyi szolgáltatások fejlesztését célzó programok a társadalmi és térbeli szempontból igazságtalan helyzetek és hierarchikus függőségek újratermelését is eredményezhetik az elosztási mechanizmusok és intézményi gyakorlatok hiányosságai miatt. Az ebben a folyamatban részt vevő aktorok szerepe, felelőssége és erőviszonyaik mind alapvető fontossággal bírnak, minthogy ők képeznek kapcsot az elismert és érvényesíteni kívánt elvek, illetve a tényleges megvalósítás között.

A társadalmi és térbeli igazságosság koncepciói arra a kérdésre keresik a választ, hogyan kezelhetők a társadalmon belüli egyenlőtlenségek méltányos módon, és hogyan lehet egyenlő lehetőségeket biztosítani a társadalom tagjai számára. Ennek a kérdésnek a megválaszolásában kulcsszerepe van a szolgáltatások fenntartásának: hogyan biztosítható különböző szolgáltatások igazságos és méltányos ellátása ezek meglétét, elérhetőségét, megfizethetőségét vagy minőségét figyelembe véve. A közérdekű szolgáltatások ideájának alapelvei egy olyan európai társadalmi működésmódban gyökereznek, amely az egyenlő lehetőségek, társadalmi jólét, szolidaritás és kohézió elérését célozza. Ezek a társadalmi és térbeli igazságosságot érintő törekvéseknek is központi elemei.

A vizsgált esettanulmányok tapasztalatai azt jelzik, hogy bár a közérdekű szolgáltatások biztosításával kapcsolatos helyi kihívások bizonyos mértékig kezelhetők (pl. az életkörülmények javítása), a helyi szolgáltatások fejlesztését célzó programok a társadalmi és térbeli szempontból igazságtalan helyzetek és hierarchikus függőségek újratermelését is eredményezhetik az elosztási mechanizmusok és intézményi gyakorlatok hiányosságai miatt. Az ebben a folyamatban részt vevő cselekvői csoportok szerepe, felelőssége és erőviszonyaik mind alapvető fontossággal bírnak, minthogy ők képeznek kapcsot az elismert és érvényesíteni kívánt elvek, illetve a tényleges megvalósítás között.
TURKISH PUBLIC DIPLOMACY IN A DECADE: AN APPRAISAL AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Anadolu University, Açma Bülent , Kwachuh Tekang P. ,   Anadolu University
Published: December 2021

The birth of nation-states after the Westphalian Treaty of 1648 signaled the dominance of states in international relations. The end of WW1 and especially WW2 precipitated a paradigm shift in global affairs with the world driven by superpower rivalry between the U.S and USSR in what became known as the Cold War. The birth of the modern-day Republic of Turkey in 1923 as a remnant of the defunct Ottoman Empire has emerged as one of the most successful states whose geostrategic position is a huge advantage in her public diplomacy, making maximum use of her soft power rather than hard power. This paper dwells on those institutions that are pivotal in catapulting Turkish public diplomacy specifically from 2010 to mid-2021. Also, this work sought to look at recent wins within 10 years of Turkish Public Diplomacy and it pays attention to the backlashes and prospects of Turkish Public Diplomacy. This paper found out that a significant institution heralding Turkey’s Public Diplomacy is the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the prestigious Turkish Government scholarship scheme stands out to be one of the big wins for Turkey. A huge deficit to Turkish Public Diplomacy hangs on insecurity across its borders. Lastly, an envisaged prospect can be spotted with the rising competitive nature of TRT World on the global media landscape. This paper concludes that Ankara’s public diplomacy would be more robust prior to the Centenary of its Independence in 2023 based on its institutions, recent gains and foreign policy goals. This article has penned down those institutions that are manning Turkish Public diplomacy such as YEI, TIKA, YTB etc., it made an appraisal on Turkish public diplomacy within a decade bringing to light past, contemporary gains and shortcomings as well. The paper then evolved around the prospects that await Turkish public diplomacy ahead of the 2023 Centenary Independence Celebration citing the role of TRT World as an important player in this expectation. It is pivotal to consider that for public diplomacy to be considered successful, soft power should be accompanied by economic prowess that will metamorphose into vibrant persuasive power. Within a decade, Turkish public diplomacy seems to have witnessed low and high tides however it keeps maturing as the years unfold. There is no doubt that the JDP leadership, institutions and actors in Ankara’s public diplomacy initiative from 2010 should be applauded for haven nurtured and implemented its public diplomacy after ascending power not focusing solely on the Middle East but has mapped out other regions globally, harvesting excellent results and off course thanks to the “Strategic Depth” Doctrine of Foreign Minister Davutoglu that Turkey has now mastered the public diplomacy terrain and has a great interest page in dominating global public diplomacy arena with little or no resistance from other states, particularly in an unpredictable MENA Region.
Municipal Procedural Relations and Their Types
Authors: Zabelina E. P.
Published: December 2021

The paper examines the content of municipal procedural relations, highlights their derivation from municipal  substantive legal relations. Substantive and procedural norms in municipal law and their distinctive objectives and  features of practice of their application constitute the basis for the separation of municipal procedural relations  from the system of municipal legal relations. Municipal procedural legal relations arise when their participants  carry out actions aimed at ensuring their powers to resolve issues of local importance. The author shows the  difference between substantive and procedural legal relations according to their object and grounds of occurrence  and distinguishes them according to such criteria as participants and their objective. Based on the first criterion, six  types of municipal procedural relations are distinguished, according to the objective criterion, four blocks of municipal  procedural relations are distinguished. Taking into account that in recent years a federal legislator has entrusted  more than one and a half thousand substantive powers to local self-government bodies, the author concludes that  it is necessary to intensify their law-making activities in order to develop and adopt municipal procedural acts.
Deepfake and other Artificial Inntelligence Products on the Way to the Development of Online Justice
Authors: Laptev V. A.
Published: December 2021

The development of online justice has led to the emergence of the need for a reasonable assessment  of the challenges posed by information technology at the present stage. Advanced technologies make it possible  not only to ensure digital litigation in Russia, but also to give it a qualitatively new meaning and procedure for its  implementation. The paper reveals artificial intelligence technologies and products of its work that impede the  development of online justice in the absence of their proper regulation, including technological one. The rapid  and at the same time inevitable introduction into the modern justice system of "new" types of evidence — digital  evidence — can negatively affect the objectivity of the court’s conclusions and the distribution of the burden of  proof (adversarial nature) between the participants in the process. The study proposes to give a legal assessment  to deepfakes and other realistic fakes created by artificial intelligence, which can become a serious obstacle to the  development of online justice. The laws of physics, technological progress and information technologies testify, on  the one hand, to the unique capabilities of breakthrough technologies, and on the other, to a possible significant  change in the traditional institutions of the judicial process and, as a consequence, justice (“law” and “court”). The  author proposes solutions to the issues under consideration, making it possible to authenticate the participants in  the process and the reliability of electronic evidence using the appropriate technological equipment of the court.
Magnetic resonance imaging radiomics in prostate cancer radiology: what is currently known?
Authors: Gelezhe Pavel B. , Blokhin Ivan A. , Semenov Serafim S. , Caruso Damiano
Published: December 2021

Diagnostic and treatment approaches in prostate cancer rely on a combination of magnetic resonance imaging and histological data.
This study aimed to introduce the basics of the current diagnostic approach in prostate cancer with a focus on texture analysis.
Texture analysis evaluates the relationships between image pixels using mathematical methods, which provide additional information. First-order texture analysis of features can have greater clinical reproducibility than higher-order texture features. Textural features that are extracted from diffusion coefficient maps have shown the greatest clinical relevance. Future research should focus on integrating machine learning methods to facilitate the use of texture analysis in clinical practice.
The development of automated segmentation methods is required to reduce the likelihood of including normal tissue in the area of interest. Texture analysis allows the noninvasive separation of patients into groups in terms of possible treatment options. Currently, few clinical studies reported on the differential diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer, including the Gleason and International Society of Urological Pathology grading. Large prospective studies are required to verify the diagnostic potential of textural features.
Amphotericin b effect on the sensitivity to influenza infection of WI-38 VA-13 cells with IFITM3 gene knockout
Authors: Koryabina Kira S. , Sergeeva Mariya V. , Komissarov Andrey B. , Eshchenko Nataliya V. , Stepanov Grigoriy A.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: The application of CRISPR/Cas9 is one of the most rapidly developing areas in biotechnology. This method was used to obtain clones of а human origin cell line with knockout of one or more genes of the IFITM family, representing host restriction factors for influenza infection. Amphotericin B has previously been shown to promote influenza infection by blocking IFITM3 function.
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of amphotericin B on the sensitivity of IFITM knockout cells to influenza A virus infection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: WI-38 VA-13 cells and mutant clones with IFITM3 knockout (F3 clone) or IFITM1, IFITM3 knockout (clone E12) were infected with influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) in the presence or absence of amphotericin B. Forty-four hours after infection, the culture medium was taken to determine the infectious activity of the virus by titration in the MDCK cell culture, as well as the hemagglutinating activity of the virus. The infected cells were stained with fluorescently labeled antibodies against the viral NP protein, and the number of NP-positive cells was determined by flow cytometry.
RESULTS: The addition of amphotericin B increased the hemagglutinating and infectious activity of the virus in WI-38 VA-13cells, while the difference was insignificant for clones with IFITM gene knockout. A similar dependency was obtained for the percent of infected cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Mutant cells with a knockout of one or several genes of the IFITM family were equally susceptible to influenza infection regardless of the addition of amphotericin B, which confirms the crucial importance of a defect in the IFITM3 protein in increasing the permissiveness of cells to influenza A virus.
Destructive effect of RNаse a on the SARS-CoV-2 virus (in vitro research)
Authors: Morozov Ilya A. , Godovalov Anatoly P. , Oborin Denis A.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: For today, the most important and discussed issue in the professional medical community is the problem of prevention and treatment of a new coronaviral infection (COVID-19). The main reason for the non-decreasing increase in morbidity and mortality is the absence of an etiotropic drug. In our study, it is proposed to use a previously available drug for the treatment of tick-borne encephalitis, ribonuclease A, obtained from the pancreas of cattle.
AIM: The aim of investigation was to study the antiviral activity of RNаse A against SARS-CoV-2 in in vitro experiments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment used samples of 50 patients with a confirmed (by PCR) primary diagnosis of a new coronoviral infection COVID-19. The preparation for the study was served by ribonuclease A (neoFroxx GmbH, Germany) at a concentration of 0.5; 1; 5 and 10 mg/ml, incubated at 4 and 37C, the exposure was 20 minutes, 20 hours. A set of reagents OTT-PCR-RV-SARS-CoV-2 (Syntol, Russia) was used as test systems.
RESULTS: of the current study is the revealed antiviral activity of ribonuclease A at a minmal concentration of 0.5 mg/ml during incubation from 20 minutes to 20 hours, in the temperature range of 437C.
CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained in the in vitro study confirmed the ability of ribonuclease A to destroy viral RNA, which suggests the possible use of the drug both for the treatment of patients and for the treatment of environmental objects.
The history of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan Universityѣ-1902-3 year
Authors: Obraztsov Vladimir N.
Published: December 2021

Chaired by prof. H. M. Ponov, with the secretary V. V. Nikolaev; attended by Messrs. acting members: R. A. Luriya, I. A. Klyachkin, N. A. Mislavsky, V. N. Obraztsov, A. S. Segel, D. A. Timofeev, A. E. Yanishevsky and guests of Dr. Perimov, Levin, Vishnevskiy, Borisenko, Donskov, Nebolyubov and a man about 10 outsiders.
The history of the research of neuroinfections in the Department of Nervous Diseases of the Imperial Medical Surgical (Military Medical) Academy
Authors: Kryukov Evgeniy V. , Litvinenko Igor V. , Odinak Miroslav M. , Mikhaylenko Anatoliy A. , Tsygan Nikolay V. , Ryabtsev Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the history of the research of neuroinfections at the Nervous Diseases Department of the Imperial Medical Surgical Academy, later the Military Medical Academy, from 1860 until nowadays. One of the outstanding achievements of Russian and world medicine in the twentieth century, constituting an entire era in neurology and virology, was the comprehensive study of tick-borne encephalitis by Aleksandr Gavrilovich Panov. He made a huge contribution to the research of this infection: Clinic of spring-summer encephalitis (1938) the first journal article in the world literature on the clinical aspects of tick-borne encephalitis; the first Ph.D. thesis on the clinical picture of tick-borne encephalitis was successfully defended by A.G. Panov on February 20, 1939 under the leadership of A.V. Triumfov; the first monograph on tick-borne encephalitis and other encephalitis Seasonal summer encephalitis (Vladivostok, 1940) also belongs to A.G. Panov. The results of the research of tick-borne encephalitis in 19341949 became the subject of a doctoral dissertation, defended on December 8, 1951. In 1956, the classic monograph by A.G. Panov Tick-borne encephalitis was published. At the end of XX and beginning of XXI centuries research work in the field of neuroinfection expanded, studies were carried out in various directions, including neuropathology of herpesvirus, alteration of the nervous system in botulism, acute demyelinating polyneuropathies, neuropathology of chlamydial infection, neuroborreliosis, neuropathology of infective endocarditis, alteration of the blood-brain barrier in meningitis, treatment of neuroinfectious diseases. For more than a century and a half, the staff of the Department of Nervous Diseases of the Imperial Medical Surgical (Military Medical) Academy have created and laid the foundation for the doctrine of neuroinfections for numerous followers, as well as the modern generation of neurologists and doctors of related specialties (bibliography: 10 refs)
The structure and risk factors of the postoperative cerebral dysfunction in oncosurgery
Authors: Tsygan Nikolay V. , Yakovleva Victoria A. , Ryabtsev Aleksander V. , Evtukhov Semen I. , Golokhvastov Sergey Yu. , Fufaev Evgeniy E. , Dzidzava Ilya I. , Litvinenko I. V.
Published: December 2021

Aim of the research was to study the features of the structure of postoperative cerebral dysfunction, establishing the risk factors for the development of postoperative cerebral dysfunction and for the each of the clinical types during operations for malignant neoplasms of the chest and abdomen. The study was conducted in 2 stages: a retrospective study based on medical records and a prospective study. In a retrospective study by the method of directed selection from 93,129 clinical cases of patients, 47 cases of patients with acute stroke after surgery were selected. In prospective study, 102 patients (69 men, 33 women) aged 38 to 85 years were examined, the median age was 67 years. They were divided into two study groups: thoracic, abdominal. In a retrospective study, the incidence of perioperative stroke was 0.05%. In a prospective study of surgical operations for malignant neoplasms of the chest and abdomen, the incidence of postoperative cerebral dysfunction was 34%, perioperative stroke 2%, symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period 11%, deferred cognitive impairment 31%. Statistical processing of the prospective study data revealed 10 risk factors for postoperative cerebral dysfunction, 12 risk factors for perioperative stroke, 7 risk factors for symptomatic delirium of the early postoperative period, and 6 risk factors for deferred cognitive impairment. For each of the clinical types of postoperative cerebral dysfunction the Charlson comorbidity index has a significant predictive value, and therefore it seems appropriate to include this parameter in the preoperative examination algorithm (3 tables, bibliography: 8 refs)
Epileptic status: reality 2021
Authors: Bazilevich Sergey N. , Prokudin Mikhail Yu. , Averyanov Dmitriy A. , Dyskin Dmitriy E.
Published: December 2021

Epileptic status is one of the urgent conditions in neurology that requires clear and urgent measures at any stage of medical care. It ranks second among all urgent neurological conditions. The therapeutic principle time-brain is applicable not only for urgent measures in acute cerebrovascular accident, but also for the relief of epileptic status, since the worst prognosis is associated with an increase in the duration of seizure activity. According to the standards proposed in the world for the treatment of epileptic status, benzodiazepines, intravenous forms of antiepileptic drugs, and general anesthetics are used. In the Russian Federation, the use of many drugs is limited due to the lack of registration, their lack in standards, and unavailability in hospitals. Due to the lack of studies on the treatment of epileptic status that go beyond the early stage of status, most of the recommendations presented worldwide remain based on case series or expert judgment. The efficacy benefits of anti-status drugs used in the second and third stages of epileptic status therapy remain unclear. Therefore, if there is a choice of anti-status drugs, the decision of which drug, in what dose and in what sequence will be used, should be made by the senior and most trained doctor in this matter, taking into account the characteristics of each patient. Based on modern international and personal experience, the paper presents a step-by-step protocol for the treatment of generalized convulsive epileptic status, discusses the successes and problems of providing care to patients with this pathology in Russia. The quality of medical care in epileptic status can be significantly improved provided that medical personnel at all stages of the treatment protocol are required to evacuate patients with epileptic status to specialized centers of multidisciplinary hospitals with the possibility of examination and therapy, including the availability of EEG monitors, neuroimaging and laboratory capabilities, and also access to modern antiepileptic drugs (1 table, bibliography: 30 refs)