bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O jogo político das lideranças do associativismo negro: alianças, conflitos e redes de proteção em Salvador na segunda metade do século XIX
Authors: Ribeiro Campos Lucas
Published: July 2020

A Sociedade Protetora dos Desvalidos, primeira associação civil negra do Brasil, instalada em 1851 na cidade Salvador, se tornou um espaço importante de negociação entre lideranças de cor e políticos baianos, na segunda metade do século XIX. Alguns de seus associados se destacaram como importantes lideranças e alcançaram um status de enorme prestígio entre os trabalhadores de cor da cidade de Salvador. Este artigo tem como objetivo entender quais os sentidos das articulações dessas lideranças com figuras importantes da Bahia. Busca-se investigar como aqueles trabalhadores, em sua maioria artistas e artífices, negociaram e disputaram um projeto político para os homens de cor, com a intenção de alcançar direitos básicos enquanto cidadãos, como educação, dignidade, assistência mútua, participação política e pertencimento racial.
Welcome message from the Editor-in-chief
Authors: Adjei Professor Andrew Anthony
Published: July 2020

We welcome authors, reviewers and readers to the first issue of Health Sciences Investigations (HSI) Journal. The HSI Journal is a peer reviewed, open access platform for reporting original research in basic and clinical health sciences including medicine, biomedicine, pharmacy, nursing, physical therapy, medical laboratory science, environmental health, public health, medical imaging and radiologic technologies and other health disciplines. The goal of the Journal is to reach the global community, especially those in resource-limited regions, with on-line open access publications on health sciences at no cost to authors and readers.
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Appiah-Opong Regina
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 is a disease that is caused by a pathogen known as coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronaviruses belong to a superfamily of viruses which infect both humans and animals. These viruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses that are enveloped and replicate in the cytoplasm. Their envelope fuses with the host cell membrane and then the nucleocapsid is delivered into the host. Spike glycoproteins mediate the virus entry into the host as a necessary stage for tropism as well as pathogenesis.
Syncretism and Pluralism in the Configuration of Religious Diversity in Brazil
Authors: Montero Paula
Published: July 2020

Using the Brazilian case as a reference we demonstrate that since the country’s first republican constitution “religious diversity” was legally constructed as a form of allocating in the field of religion popular practices perceived as dangerous and or superstitious. My hypothesis is that this religious diversity does not at first signify pluralism, given that it was organized under the aegis of Catholicism, within the ideology of syncretism. Using the constitutional congress of 1988 as an important point of inflection in the form of treating differences, I argue that since this time, pluralism became instituted as the main legal and political organizer of differences and in particular of religious diversity. Associated to the decline of the hegemony of the Catholic Church, this principle, by defining religions as relative to each other, promotes competition among religious organizations for social influence and primacy in their relationship with the state. In this combative context, the “inter-religious dialogue” led by the Catholic Church was presented as a political strategy for the construction of civic unity; in the Pentecostal configuration this unity is pursued having in mind the establishment of a mass public culture, which is generically demarcated and recognized as evangelical, based on the proliferation of media technologies that produce large publics that guarantee occupation of territories of cities and administrative spaces of power.
Conviviality in (Post)Colonial Societies: Caribbean Literature in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Müller Gesine
Published: July 2020

The Caribbean has in recent decades consistently been one of the privileged sites for theoretical production, including the attempt to look concretely at conviviality in the Caribbean and its diaspora. One question that is still being asked is how to grasp ethnic difference without falling back into essentialisms. This paper asks about the norms and the forms of knowledge about conviviality in Caribbean literatures of the nineteenth century, as the discourses of racism were being established and the question of conviviality was negotiated very intensely. The question is to what degree it is possible to critically challenge essentialist constructions in an era that has gone down in history as the heyday of racism. Can a sharper look at representations of conviviality lead us to relativize canonized frames of nineteenth-century reference, such as race and nation?
Trajetórias formativas de licenciandos em matemática: percepções sobre constituir-se professor
Authors: Lima e Silva Joselma Ferreira , De Lima Ivoneide Pinheiro , Parentes Maria Daiane Da Silva , Da Silva Lindalva Gomes
Published: July 2020

Este artigo, de natureza qualitativa e descritiva, teve como objetivo refletir sobre a formação do professor de Matemática, procurando analisar as percepções dos licenciandos sobre suas trajetórias formativas. Adotou-se como questão norteadora inicial para mobilizar a pesquisa: Como vou me constituindo professor (a) de Matemática? Foi direcionada aos 28 acadêmicos do VII período da Licenciatura em Matemática do IFPI- Campus Piripiri, cujas análises decorrem das concepções de educação e formação de D’Ambrósio (2012), Fiorentini e Castro (2003), Franco e Pimenta (2010), Schulman (2004), dentre outros. Na metodologia foram destacadas três categorias de análises: (1) necessidades formativas dos licenciandos; (2) momentos mobilizadores de formação docente e (3) contribuições dos professores formadores. Os resultados apontam dentre as principais necessidades formativas o domínio do conhecimento matemático, projetos e pesquisas e inovação didática, sendo que a escuta e o diálogo precisam se constituir de ações docentes permanentes durante toda a trajetória.
Memória e representação: experiências e resistências numa manifestação cultural na cidade de Fortaleza
Authors: Caxile Carlos Rafael Vieira
Published: July 2020

O objetivo central nesse texto é explicitar a prática do maracatu na cidade de Fortaleza enquanto expressão e manifestação da cultura popular, rica em aspectos simbólicos e espaços de sociabilidade, aprendizado e integração cultural; momentos de liberação e contestação da ordem vigente. A população vive a cidade a seu modo, produzindo lazer e festa. Os rituais que a constituem situam-se entre o universo religioso e profano, o que confere mais autonomia para a população operar nesses espaços. A manifestação popular aqui apresentada possui como característica fundamental a imbricação entre o sagrado e o profano, cujo entendimento implica considerá-los em conjunto. São exatamente as fronteiras pouco definidas desses campos que oferecem margem às práticas, as experiencias, representações, igualmente à diversão e ao lazer constituindo-se em momentos importantes de sociabilidade, mas também de resistências e contestações.
A profissionalidade do professor(a) de Geografia
Authors: Costa Maria do Socorro Correia , Holanda Virgínia Célia Cavalcante de
Published: July 2020

Propomos uma reflexão acerca da construção da identidade do professor de Geografia. Este trabalho é fruto de estudos suscitados pelo Mestrado Acadêmico em Geografia da Universidade Vale do Acaraú – UVA. O percurso metodológico constroe-se com base na pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico apoiada em teóricos como Cavalcanti (2010) e Libâneo (2011) que referenciam este trabalho por dedicarem-se aos estudos no tocante ao ensino de geografia, à didática e formação de professores. Tratamos ainda de questões relevantes ao tema como a construção do conhecimento enquanto mediador do raciocínio geográfico
O tempo integral na política estadual de Educação do Ceará
Authors: Nobre Maia José Eduardo
Published: July 2020

A associação entre educação e organização temporal é tema que há tempos traz importantes discussões. Na rede estadual de ensino do Ceará, há uma trajetória recente da oferta de ensino médio em tempo integral. A Secretaria de Educação (SEDUC) tem lançado mão de vários esforços, cujo objetivo seria a melhoria da qualidade da educação e do ensino com a construção do tempo integral no ensino médio. O objetivo é ampliar as oportunidades educacionais, diversificando a oferta. Nesse sentido, a Lei n°16.287 Institui a Política de Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral no âmbito da Rede Estadual de Ensino do Ceará. A proposta seria a estruturação de uma escola de ensino médio que contemple a todos os jovens e seus diferentes projetos de vida. Nessa direção, cada escola constrói seu próprio projeto de tempo integral, a partir de um amplo debate com a comunidade escolar, e de modo especial, com os estudantes.
Teoria da reprodução social e as desigualdades educacionais
Authors: Almeida Grasiany Sousa de , Santos Maria Irilene Alves dos
Published: July 2020

Teorias que partem de princípios filosóficos podem ser úteis à compreensão de fenômenos educacionais. Dessa maneira, a Teoria da Reprodução Social proposta pelos estudiosos Pierre Bourdieu e Jean-Claude Passeron no século XX versa sobre um sistema que envolve características dos indivíduos (Habitus), o âmbito onde tais aspectos se processam e se constituem (Campo), e a posse de determinados bens (capital), materiais ou não, que podem ser econômicos, culturais e sociais. Os conceitos que se pensados em um contexto educacional, estarão diretamente relacionados com a seleção de estudantes e a manutenção de classes sociais de acordo com os conhecimentos que são trabalhados em sala de aula que segundo os autores, privilegiam os da classe dominante. Assim, este estudo é de caráter teórico e teve como objetivo discutir as desigualdades educacionais à luz da Teoria de Reprodução Social
Educação feminina no Brasil: o que dizem as pesquisas publicadas no Portal da Capes (2015-2019)
Authors: Stascxak Francinalda Machado , Sales Maria Julieta Fai Serpa e
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi construir um inventário das produções científicas publicadas no Portal de Periódicos CAPES/MEC, referente à educação feminina no Brasil, no recorte temporal de 2015 a 2019. O itinerário metodológico respaldou-se na pesquisa denominada Estado da Arte (FERREIRA, 2002; ROMANOWSKI; ENS, 2006), amparado na Análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). Desse percurso, resultaram vinte artigos que propiciaram a elaboração de três categorias: “História da Educação”, “Publicações” e “Práticas docentes”. As pesquisas inventariadas aqui neste estudo tecem reflexões pertinentes à formação e ao trabalho docente de mulheres, invisibilizadas por longo período na historiografia. Ainda que o quantitativo de trabalhos aqui mapeados seja reduzido, é possível concluir que as histórias de educadoras perfazem a História da Educação no Brasil, mas ainda carecem ser descortinadas, haja vista a amplitude de possibilidades que o contexto oferece.
Objetos e processos: aspectos complementares na multiplicação de número inteiros negativos
Authors: Cruz Willian José da
Published: July 2020

Este texto é um pequeno extrato da pesquisa teórica em andamento cujo tema é: “A semiótica e os experimentos mentais no ensino e na aprendizagem em matemática”. Nosso objetivo é apresentar uma discussão sobre a distinção que pode ser feita entre processos e objetos no campo da matemática, respectivamente no seu ensino. Esta é uma pesquisa que buscou fundamentar, por meio de estudos em livros textos e artigos, a ideia de que possa existir uma ação no ensino de matemática, em especial, no ensino da multiplicação de números negativos, que transforma objetos em processos e vice-versa. Parte deste empreendimento foi desenvolvida por meio de experimentos mentais que são formas que o sujeito tem de colocar seus próprios pensamentos como objeto de consideração, por meio de uma representação, ancorados na dinâmica do raciocínio diagramático e aportados num sistema de representação consistente.
Networked Technopolitics: Immigrant Integration as City Branding
Authors: Teixeira Caio
Published: July 2020

The article explores the role of network-led policymaking with a focus on immigrant integration. Drawing on the EUROCITIES Integrating Cities Charter, it sheds light on how immigration-related diversity governance plays a part in the city-branding strategies. The relevance of policy advocacy through the lens of cosmopolitan urbanism is instrumental for studying the governance of migration and diversity in the age of integration paradigm. Contemporary local policymaking in immigrant integration shaped by city-to-city cooperation tell us about policy models associated to cities’ image. Therefore, city branding strategies framed on behalf of networked technopolitics represent a challenging way to study the immigrant integration approach. This exploratory study is based on desk research with an emphasis on literature review and documentary analysis.
Anticancer and Anti-metastatic Effects of Supercritical Extracts of Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and Mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.) in Human Glioblastoma
Authors: Ramachandran Cheppail , Juan Ashley , Quirin Karl-W. , Khatib Laila , Escalon Enrique , Khatib Ziad , Melnick Steven J.
Published: July 2020

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive, lethal and incurable primary brain tumors with a dismal prognosis in humans. Mango ginger (Curcuma amada) and hops (Humulus lupulus) are two botanicals containing phytochemicals with potential anticancer effects. We have investigated the anticancer and antimetastatic properties of supercritical CO2 extract of mango ginger (CA) and ethanol extract of hops (HL) in the U-87MG human glioblastoma cell line. Both CA and HL individually demonstrate strong cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells. CompuSyn analysis of cytotoxicity data confirms that CA and HL are synergistic for cytotoxicity with combination index (CI) values of <1.0. Additionally, CA and HL individually as well as the combination significantly inhibit MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity, tumor cell migration (transendothelial cell migration assay) and AKT phosphorylation in U-87MG cells. CA and HL inhibit glycolysis in U-87MG cells as indicated by the inhibition of ATP and lactate synthesis with the CA+HL combination demonstrating strong inhibition of glycolysis via the reduction of ATP and lactate synthesis compared to cells treated by each extract alone. CA and HL treatment down regulates the expression of proteins associated with metastasis, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and up regulates the expression of TIMP1. Proteins associated with apoptosis, inflammation and energy metabolism were also modulated by CA and HL treatment of glioblastoma cells. These results suggest that CA and HL can be combined for the therapeutic management of glioblastomas.
Evaluation of in vitro Cholesterol esterase inhibitory and in vivo Anti-hyperlipidemic activity of aqueous extract of Plukenetia conophora Mull. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Ajayi Glory Oluremilekun , Nofisat Aleshe Modupe , Jessica Bassey Mfon
Published: July 2020

Hyperlipidemia is a condition of abnormally high lipids levels in the blood which has been ranked as one of the greatest risk factors contributing to prevalence and severity of coronary heart disease. The available antihyperlipidemic drugs have been associated with some side effects however, herbal management of hyperlipidemia are relatively safe, cheap and readily available. P. conophora is an edible plant consumed in Nigeria as snack and speculated to have beneficial effect on blood lipid profile. The present study evaluates anti-hyperlipidemic effect of aqueous extract of cooked P.  conophora nut using in vivo and in vitro experimental models.

The anti-hyperlipidemic activity was evaluated using tyloxapol induced-hyperlipidemic rats by intraperitoneal injections of Tyloxapol at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight and high cholesterol-diet induced rats by oral administration of high cholesterol diet for 60 days. Cholesterol esterase enzyme inhibition was used for the in vitro evaluation.

Aqueous extract of P. conophora at varying doses, reduced the elevated lipid parameters in both models; the dose of 500 mg/kg showed comparable hypolipidemic effects with standard drug (Simvastatin) at 10 mg/kg (P<0.01). The extract also inhibited cholesterol esterase enzyme with IC50 value of 129.30±0.10μg/ml while Simvastatin with IC50 value of 51.42±0.13μg/ml. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of; Flavonoids, saponin, cardiac glycoside, alkaloids, tannins, steroids and reducing sugar.

P. conophora extract exhibited strong hypolipidemic activity and the dose of 500mg/kg demonstrated equipotent activity as the standard drug; Simvastatin 10mg/kg. The extract also showed inhibitory activity against pancreatic cholesterol esterase enzyme; hence can be used to limit absorption of dietary cholesterol, prevent and treat hyperlipidemia.
Literatura y política, lengua e imperio, nombre y poder
Authors: López Rodríguez César
Published: July 2020

Se trata de producir una inquisición histórica que, ajena a las teorías del origen, produzca una comprensión provisional de la aventada relación existente entre lengua e imperio desde su literatura y política precisamente. En un paralelo constitucional y literario, se convocan y desmiembran una serie de textos nucleares fundamentales para el esclarecimiento de este fin. Se procura dar con la forma lingüística de la Monarquía Católica. Bajo forma de contraste, se favorece una conclusión que dé con la torsión del estilo en la transformación monárquica.
La filosofía del derecho de Schopenhauer en el debate de Carl Schmitt con Erich Jung (1912-1913)
Authors: Del Estal Sánchez Héctor
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este ensayo es presentar de un modo coherente el sentido y significado del artículo polémico de Carl Schmitt La filosofía del derecho de Schopenhauer fuera de su sistema filosófico (1913) como respuesta a Das Problem des natürlichen Rechts (1912) de Erich Jung. Primero, ofreceremos una imagen contextualizada de esta última obra atendiendo a sus deudas con la filosofía del derecho de Arthur Schopenhauer y, después, presentamos los argumentos esgrimidos por Carl Schmitt en ese texto y mostramos cuáles eran los rasgos generales del pensamiento schmittiano de aquellos años para poner de relieve, en último lugar, su significado filosófico como un ataque a la tecnificación junguiano-schopenhaueriana del derecho y del Estado.
Prevalência e perfil sociodemográfico de suic�dios e tentativas de suic�dios ocorridos em Aquidauana e Anastácio/MS, Brasil, no per�odo de 2007 a 2016: contribuição ao aperfeiçoamento de pol�ticas de prevenção
Authors: Camargo Evando Nantes , Dos Santos Eva Teixeira
Published: July 2020

Neste estudo procurou-se levantar os perfis sociodemográficos registrados nas ocorrências e tentativas de suic�dio ocorridas nos munic�pios de Anastácio e Aquidauana, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul no per�odo de 2007 a 2016. Nesse sentido foram utilizadas as fontes do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat�stica (IBGE), para coleta dos dados censitários sobre a população residente; Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS), para coleta de dados de suic�dio nacional e estadual; Unidade Regional de Per�cia e Identificação – URPI / Pol�cia Civil, para o levantamento das ocorrências de suic�dios de Aquidauana e Anastácio; Vigilâncias Epidemiológicas do Munic�pio de Aquidauana e do Munic�pio de Anastácio, para coleta de dados sobre as tentativas de suic�dio; 1º Subgrupamento de Bombeiro Militar de Aquidauana, para coleta de dados sobre as tentativas de suic�dio de Aquidauana e Anastácio. Constatou-se a existência de subnotificação e a falta de padronização nos registros de tentativas de suic�dio. Em relação às ocorrências conclui-se que as crianças e adolescentes utilizam-se do enforcamento como principal método de tirar a própria vida.

Palavras-chave: Perfil Sociodemográfico - Suic�dio – Prevenção.
Mapeamento geoparticipativo: caminhos para a construção da gestão participativa das águas em tempos de crise h�drica a partir da metodologia 3P
Authors: Gianasi Lussandra Martins , Campolina Daniela
Published: July 2020

No contexto de “Crise H�drica�?, há de se perguntar: qual o papel da educação geográfica nesse tópico? As ações humanas influenciaram decisivamente a ocorrência de fatores que resultam na “Crise�?. Contraditoriamente, a própria não ação também contribuiu para ela. Como? A alienação e a falta de processos participativos nas escolas, envolvendo desde a consciência do dinamismo formativo dos territórios e a implicação das pessoas na tomada de decisões sobre a gestão de territórios – e das águas – são consideradas “não-ação�?. Dessa forma, a imobilidade pedagógica também contribui para esse quadro. Nesse sentido, apresentamos uma metodologia para tratar das questões voltadas à discussão e à análise de bacias hidrográficas por um conjunto de práticas educativas geográficas: 3P reconhecer o Problema (1P), observar a Potencialidade (2P) e ver a Possibilidade (3P) desenvolvida na extensão. Como resultados, analisamos a Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego João
Gomes Cardoso em Contagem-MG e questões desafiadoras para as ações ligadas aos tempos de aplicação, infraestrutura e defasagem de conhecimento geográfico e tecnológico. Observamos que o 3P tem potencial pedagógico no ensino da Geografia, podendo não apenas auxiliar no entendimento da espacialidade e da dinâmica do território hidrográfico, mas na construção cr�tica sobre suas transformações.

Palavras-chave: Mapeamento geoparticipativo 3P, gestão das águas, geografia.
Contribuição dos geoindicadores como ferramenta na identificação dos processos erosivos associados a Antropogeomorfologia
Authors: Barbosa Pereira Dinotte Ana Carolina , Andrade Silva Cec�lia Félix , Victor Rossoni Hygor Aristides
Published: July 2020

As alterações de origens antrópicas identificadas nos processos de expansão urbana, supressão da vegetação, impermeabilização do solo, alterações no ciclo de drenagem e suas influências nas diversidades dos sistemas ambientais, são caracterizados como aspectos que podem gerar impactos ambientais negativos. A partir desta temática, se faz necessário o desenvolvimento de técnicas que possibilitem a compreensão da extensão temporal destas modificações. Desde então, a proposta de utilização de geoindicadores mais espec�ficos, vem sendo amplamente abordada dentro do meio cient�fico como um método de aux�lio no reconhecimento das prováveis mudanças identificadas na paisagem, no espaço e escalas temporais que podem contribuir na identificação de prováveis impactos ambientais e ou no planejamento de ações mitigadoras. Assim, o presente artigo teve como objetivo compreender o papel dos geoindicadores na identificação das prováveis alterações originadas a partir de ações antropogênicas em ambientes urbanizados. Além disso, propõe apresentar e discutir as diferentes propostas de geoindicadores que podem ser utilizados na identificação de modificações hidrogeomorfológicos diagnosticadas em áreas urbanas.

Palavras-chave: Geoindicadores. Geomorfologia antropogênica. Urbanização. Antropogeomorfologia.
Investigating the Motivating Factors That Influenced the University of Namibia First Year Undergraduate Student Teachers to Choose Teaching as Career: A Case Study
Authors: Kambeyo Linus , Julius Lukas Homateni
Published: July 2020

This study investigates factors that motivated the first year undergraduate student teachers for choosing teaching as a career and also explores their perceptions about the teaching profession in Namibia. The study consists of 80 First year student teachers, 40 from Hifikepunye Pohamba campus, and 40 from Khomasdal campus. Quantitative approach was used to identify some of the factors that motivated students to choose teaching as a career. Factor Influencing Teaching choices scale (FIT scale: Watt & Richardson, 2007) was used to investigate the student teachers’ motivation and perception of teaching as a career. Analysis of the data reveals that most of the participants value making social contribution and shaping children’s future. Moreover, factors such as university admission requirements, gender, stereotype of different grade level specialization, finance and the general socio-cultural image of teaching as a career in Namibia, among others, shaped the participants’ motivations and perceptions.
The abdominal cocoon: A management dilemma
Authors: Tanveer Amin , Arachchi Asiri , Kalgutkar Sanjay , Lynch Craig , Suhardja Thomas
Published: July 2020

Abdominal cocoon is a rare entity with no known aetiology and is a clinical curiosity in the surgical field, and a management dilemma for surgeons. Treatment may include excision of the accessory peritoneal sac with lysis of the inter-loop adhesions. Bowel resection is unnecessary unless a nonviable segment is found. However, if there are no signs of acute abdominal symptoms after diagnosing abdominal cocoon syndrome pre-operatively, surgery is unnecessary. We presenting a case of a 47-year-old male who had laparotomy noted an entirely frozen abdomen which was depicted as a cocoon. The stomach was only identified due to feeling the position of the NGT, no other anatomy was delineated. A peritoneal biopsy was taken prior to closure. Post operatively he was given parenteral and trickle enteral nutritional support and was discharged home with PEG gastrostomy for feeding.
Problemas en educación superior en el estado de Veracruz al aplicar programación lineal
Authors: Gómez Barrientos E. , Martínez Galán C. , Hernández Palagot I. , Ravell Delgado J.R. , Ocaña Medina G.
Published: July 2020

En investigación operativa, la técnica de programación lineal aplica diversos métodos para resolver modelos de programación matemática, se basa en álgebra matricial para llegar a la solución del problema, sin embargo, un problema que se presenta durante el proceso de optimización es la necesidad de trabajar con números racionales, lo que ocasiona que el desconocimiento para realizar las operaciones y el manejo inadecuado de las maquinas calculadoras provoque que la solución del problema en cuestión sea errónea. Este problema impacta en el aprendizaje de la asignatura de investigación de operaciones o afines, impartidas en los programas educativos de los Institutos Tecnológicos del Estado de Veracruz.
Factores de éxito en las empresas de la región sureste de México
Authors: David Miros P. E. , García Landa F. , David Miros M.C. , Toto Machucho F. , Gómez Pucheta J. A.
Published: July 2020

El éxito de las micro y pequeñas empresas (MyPE) influye de manera positiva en la competitividad y crecimiento económico de una región, de tal manera que la presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de identificar los factores que inciden en la permanencia de las MyPE del sector terciario en la región sureste de México; caso de estudio región de los TUXTLAS.  En este artículo se detalla la metodología utilizada en la investigación utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo y el tipo de estudio descriptivo, para ello se procedió a elaborar un instrumento el cual fue aplicado a los tres principales municipios que integran la región de los Tuxtlas, considerando una población de 4874 MyPE, de la cuales se determinó una muestra de 253 micro y pequeñas empresas, por lo que 65 corresponden al municipio de Catemaco, 145 a San Andrés Tuxtla, y 43 a Santiago Tuxtla. Con esta investigación se logró identificar que el control interno, las estrategias de comercialización y la planeación estratégica son aspectos claves para la permanencia de las MyPE en la región Sureste de México.
Acemoglu Meets Lucas: Institutions, Human Capital and Economic Growth
Authors: Bastos Suzana Quinet de Andrade , Gama Fabio , Assis Tiana De Paula
Published: July 2020

This paper proposes a reinterpretation of Lucas endogenous growth model (1988), once we add an institutional component as one of its determinants. Firstly, the paper develops a theoretical model that links human capital and institutions. Our modelling strategy establishes the human capital accumulation function as being derived from an endogenous process in which the institutional performance is a booster for the economy’s growth. The essay uses a 40–country panel data of the years 2000, 2005 and 2010 and implements a Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) analysis – alongside instrumental variables (IV) – aiming to validate empirically the model proposed. We verify that Lucas’ model overestimates the human capital contribution as we evaluate the significant impact that economic and political institutions have on the capability of human capital foment growth. Additionally, our estimations also suggest that human capital is, effectively, institutionally driven and works as a channel for the institutions.
Social Media by Indian Universities – Does it convince or confuse International Students in University Choice?
Authors: Kumar Vikram , Raman Ramakrishnan
Published: July 2020

The advent of information and communications technology has changed the way people and organisations function, communicate, transact, recruit, market business and services. To keep pace with the ever-changing business and marketing trends, organisations have integrated information, tools of communication & the boom of internet technology into their strategies.The education industry is no exception to this challenge. The primary goals in marketing University is to attract prospective students from across the globe. Increasing globalisation, aspiration, movement, ease of financial access is drawing students to apply for higher studies in Universities away from their country of residence. Many new-age studies of youth, teenagers and Gen Y overwhelmingly suggest that they are prolific users of the Internet and in particular social media applications. These factors have led to social media being heavily leveraged by universities to create interest and draw in applicants. Social media tools like Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Quora, Google+, Youtube is integrated with the other traditional media viz print/broadcast media, exhibitions, educational trade fairs et al to reach students from various countries. Social Media plays dual power of attracting student applicants as well as helps engagement to create a loyal online community through sharing content which is found relevant and useful by the new young generation.This research paper examines the role of social media in helping international students choose university for higher studies  in India. This study included in-depth interviews and a survey to include 183 students’ International students studying in 6 different cities in India.The research findings indicate that International Students increasingly use social media thus highlighting the role of social media in influencing international students’ choice of  university . All in all, this study provides directions for universities to influence students innovatively and strategically. International students depend on social media for supplementary information to strengthen the information gathered through primary influencers like family, friends and alumni.With increasing media clutter it's absolutely essential to ensure media planning for use of social media sharp and appropriate media tools are selected to reach the students and thereby enable them to effectively use it for choice of University. Social media strategy through consumer generated word of mouth and influencer marketing to communicate the experience, safety, acceptance of diverse culture can be leveraged to help the students’ choice process.
The Impact of Unguided Trauma Simulation Practice on Novice Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Kevin C. , Bernardoni Eamon D. , Cotter Eric J. , Levine Brett R. , Frank Rachel M.
Published: July 2020

Introduction:

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact of simulator practice on task completion time, radiation use, success rate, and overall quality in a simulation of placing a distal locking screw.

Methods:

This was a prospective, randomized control trial with one-to-one randomization and parallel group design. Twenty-eight volunteer novice trainees (medical and premedical students) participated. Using the TraumaVision Virtual Reality Simulator (Swemac, Sweden), subjects performed locking screw placement using the “perfect circle” technique. All subjects underwent a pretest and posttest on the simulator. The simulator group completed three additional simulator training sessions. The primary outcome variables were simulator-collected task completion time, success rate, radiation exposure time, and overall score.

Results:

No notable difference existed between groups for pretest completion time, radiation use, success rate, or overall score. No notable difference in posttest radiation use or overall procedure score was found between groups. A significant difference existed in posttest total completion time (trained = 251.2 ± 103.4; control = 497.3 ± 223.1; P = 0.001) and success rate (64.3% versus 100%; P = 0.041) between groups. In addition, a significant difference existed in variance between groups for completion time (P = 0.029).

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that independent simulator practice leads to improved speed and success rates; however, radiation use and overall score do not improve in the same manner. The design of simulator-based curriculum must be tailored to specific educational objectives and ultimately validated in the clinical setting.
Head-Neck Taper Corrosion in Metal-on-Polyethylene Total Hip Arthroplasty: Risk Factors, Clinical Evaluation, and Treatment of Adverse Local Tissue Reactions
Authors: Fitz David , Klemt Christian , Chen Wenhao , Xiong Liang , Yeo Ingwon , Kwon Young-Min
Published: July 2020

Adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) associated with mechanically assisted crevice corrosion of metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) head-neck modular total hip arthroplasty (THA), similarly observed in the metal-on-metal bearing, is a growing concern in MoP THA patients. Given the complex pathogenesis as well as variable clinical presentation, the diagnosis can be challenging. This article focuses on providing surgeons with an evidence-based update on (1) implant, surgical, and patient risk factors associated with ALTRs; (2) clinical systematic evaluation; and (3) surgical management options for ALTRs in MoP THA patients based on the currently available evidence.
Robotic Arm-assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty is More Cost-Effective Than Manual Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Markov Model Analysis
Authors: Maldonado David R. , Go Cammille C. , Kyin Cynthia , Rosinsky Philip J. , Shapira Jacob , Lall Ajay C. , Domb Benjamin G.
Published: July 2020

Background:

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the benchmark surgical treatment of advanced and symptomatic hip osteoarthritis. Preliminary evidence suggests that the robotic arm-assisted (RAA) technology yields more accurate and reproducible acetabular cup placement, which may improve survival rate and clinical results, but economic considerations are less well-defined. The purpose of this study was to compare the cost effectiveness of the RAA THA with manual THA (mTHA) modalities, considering direct medical costs and utilities from a payer's perspective.

Methods:

A Markov model was constructed to analyze two potential interventions for hip osteoarthritis and degenerative joint disorder: RAA THA and mTHA. Potential outcomes of THA were categorized into the transition states: infection, dislocation, no major complications, or revision. Cumulative costs and utilities were assessed using a cycle length of 1 year over a time horizon of 5 years.

Results:

RAA THA cohort was cost effective relative to mTHA cohort for cumulative Medicare and cumulative private payer insurance costs over the 5-year period. RAA THA cost saving had an average differential of $945 for Medicare and $1,810 for private insurance relative to mTHA while generating slightly more utility (0.04 quality-adjusted life year). The preferred treatment was sensitive to the utilities generated by successful RAA THA and mTHA. Microsimulations indicated that RAA THA was cost effective in 99.4% of cases.

Conclusions:

In the Medicare and private payer scenarios, RAA THA is more cost effective than conventional mTHA when considering direct medical costs from a payer's perspective.

Level of Evidence:

Economic Level III. Computer simulation model (Markov model)
Genre Pedagogy and ELLs’ Writing Skills: A Theme Analysis
Authors: Gill Ayesha Asghar , Janjua Fauzia
Published: July 2020

Coherent writing skill is an important prerequisite for academic success, especially at the tertiary level. This work studied the effect of four-month teaching intervention of genre pedagogy with Reading to Learn (R2L) approach for developing coherence in argumentative writing. It was implemented on 40 undergraduate Pakistani English Language Learners (ELLs). Pre-test evaluation informed learning gaps especially at theme choice and theme progression strategies in their argumentative writings. These gaps were addressed while planning the R2L teaching cycle of ELLs’ experimental group. They were assisted through a process of scaffolding with an aim to enable them to write coherent argumentative essays independently after learning. Then functional analysis of lexical and grammatical features of their independent argumentative writings was conducted. Findings revealed that genre pedagogy had a significant effect on students' organization of argumentative writing. This study suggests genre pedagogy as a useful instructional technique, which can improve teaching and learning writing skills at the tertiary level in Pakistan.
Describing the Programme on Methadone Maintenance Therapy in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Rao Vengketeswara , Muhamad Nor Asiah , Nordin Salmah , Hasim Ruziaton , Rafan Siti Nurhani , Shafie Hanisah , Muzaid Anizah , Ayadurai Vickneswari , Abdullah Norni , Chemi Norliza , Mohamed Hazlin , Hassan Noor Hasliza , Ghani Rimah Melati Ab , Ibrahim Khalid
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION: Drug addiction and drug abuse is a serious public health problem worldwide. Millions of people worldwide suffered from drug use disorders, directly and indirectly, attributable to drug use and included deaths related to HIV and hepatitis C acquired through unsafe injecting practices. Many parts of the world have a shortfall in prevention and treatment for drug use disorders, with only less than 10% of people with drug use disorders receiving treatment yearly. Medication-assisted treatment of opioid dependence like Methadone is used in maintenance therapy or detoxification helps people with drug use disorders.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Secondary data from an existing electronic dataset in Ministry of Health (MOH) from 2015 until 2019, which includes registered patients who had undergone Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) either government or private facilities were included. The dataset divided into few domains namely socio-demographic, treatment modalities, clinic location and history of infection.

RESULTS: A total of 37 various government and private facilities deliver MMT programme in the state of Selangor offered to a total of 5337 patients. The youngest patients were in the early twenties and oldest were in late seventies. The median age of patients was 45 years and the majority were males. Most of them were having secondary education (SPM holder) and below. Most of MMT programme takers were opioid drug users then followed by Amphetamine Type Stimulant (ATS) as the second most used. Among MMT programme takers, about 34.1% were reactive for Hepatitis C, 6.6% reactive for HIV, 4.2% reactive for Hepatitis B and 1.7% acquired tuberculosis infection. Almost 5% of MMT takers had passed away, which the three main causes of death were AIDS, alleged motor vehicle accident and septic shock. None of MMT takers was died due to methadone.

CONCLUSION: It is a great concern of the nation in combating drug-related problems due to the growing number of substance abusers. This review concluded that the MMT programme that widely available had shown a positive outcome by keeping lower mortality among MMT patients.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: Evidence from Argentina
Authors: Diaz Enrique , Sensini Luca
Published: July 2020

This document aims to study the role played by the five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation on corporate performance. To test our hypotheses, we used a sample of companies headquartered in Argentina. To collect the data, we used a questionnaire that was sent by e-mail to the owner and/or manager of the companies. At the end of the survey, 214 Argentine companies (21.4% of the sample) completed the questionnaire. The sampling was carried out with a stratified random approach to improve the efficiency of the estimates and ensure the representativeness of the extracted sample. To assess the reliability of the results, quantitative statistical tools were used. The analysis results show that not all variables have a significant influence on performance. In particular, three dimensions of the EO (innovation, proactivity, and risk) have a significant and positive influence on the performance of companies. Conversely, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy do not have a significant impact on performance or they are not relevant.
The Relevance of the Economic Environment to the Development and Growth of Academic Spin-Offs. A Panel Approach
Authors: Turi Ivano De , Antonicelli Margaret
Published: July 2020

The importance of academic research ("AR") to economic growth is widely accepted but quantification of incremental impacts, and their attribution to any one country's expenditures, is difficult. Yet quantitative justification of government AR funding is highly desirable. We therefore attempt to quantify one impact which can be directly and causally attributed to one country's funding: spin-off companies.

Although there is great interest in the new knowledge economy, less favoured regions seem permanently disadvantaged because they lack a critical mass of knowledge capital to initiate accumulation, growth and economic development processes. This is a problem for policy-makers seeking to promote economic growth and territorial cohesion in such regions. This paper seeks to develop four empirical models of how Academic spin-off companies can improve their economic performances. The economic benefits that such companies bring are explored, to identify those elements which can potentially upgrade regional economies through knowledge accumulation, which are termed ‘building up territorial knowledge pools’.

We argue that the impacts of valid and ongoing policies in support of the Third Mission represent incremental contributions to the ROI of academic spin-offs, much greater (also on a updated base). The impacts therefore provide a quantitative justification for public investment, allowing much more important (but less quantifiable) long-term benefits be considered as a "free" bonus.
Migraciones internas, inmigración exterior y emigración de españoles hacia el extranjero: un balance por nivel educativo. ¿Es España un país de baja movilidad?
Authors: González-Leonardo Miguel
Published: July 2020

Los estudios comparativos sostienen que España es un país de baja movilidad interna. Sin embargo, esta afirmación generalista esconde una heterogeneidad geográfica más compleja, pues la intensidad migratoria difiere en función del territorio y del nivel educativo de los individuos. Los balances interprovinciales de población autóctona poco cualificada son, exceptuando las lógicas espaciales de desconcentración, relativamente equilibrados, mientras que la dinámica migratoria de los jóvenes con educación universitaria denota procesos importantes de expulsión y causación acumulativa. En términos cuantitativos, la emigración de españoles hacia el extranjero es poco significativa si se compara con la movilidad interna. La inmigración extranjera, lejos de solventar los desequilibrios territoriales, ha contribuido a alimentar los procesos de acumulación del capital humano cualificado, pues la mayor parte de los alóctonos que se asentaron en las provincias secularmente expulsoras presentan un nivel educativo limitado, mientras que los foráneos más cualificados se concentran en las mismas áreas receptoras del talento autóctono.
Arabische amtliche Nilbriefe
Authors: Diem Werner
Published: July 2020

The focus of the book is on the edition, translation and interpretation of official letters on the annual Nile flood sent in the 12th–15th centuries from Cairo to Syria, as well as replies and forwardings within Syria. The letters, wich are transmitted in literary sources, were composed by leading stylists of their time and thus are highlights of Arabic rhymed prose. An introductory chapter is devoted to the background of the letters, dealing with all aspects of the Nile flood, including the Nile ceremonies and the subsequent dispatching of letters. Other chapters deal with the structure and style of the letters, including the unique personification of the Nile, to which age, body parts, clothing, behaviors and feelings are attributed.
Dengue Virus and the Relationship with MicroRNAs
Authors: Casseb Samir , de Melo Karla
Published: July 2020

Dengue is an acute febrile disease caused by a virus of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, endemic in tropical regions of the globe. The agent is a virus with single-stranded RNA, classified into four distinct dengue virus (DENV) serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. The host’s innate and adaptive immune responses play an essential role in determining the natural history of viral infections, especially in dengue. In this context, it has observed in recent years that the presence of RNA interference (RNAi) in viral infection processes is increasing, as well as immune defense. The context microRNAs (miRNAs) go for stood out, as their presence during viral infection, both in the replication of the virus and in the defense against these infections, becomes increasingly noticeable, therefore, making it increasingly necessary to better understand the role of these small RNAs within viral infection by DENV and what their consequences are in aggravating the consequences of patients affected by this disease.