bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Radiodiagnostic and Neural Network Networks in Assessing Breast Cancer Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment of Aggressive Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Шевченко Светлана Анатольевна , Рожкова Надежда  Ивановна , Дорофеев Александр Владимирович , Магдалянова Маргарита Ивановна , Петкау Владислав Владимирович
Published: July 2024

Цель. Определить наиболее информативный метод лучевой диагностики и возможности нейронной сети в оценке ответа на неоадьювантное лечение наиболее агрессивных молекулярных подтипов рака молочной железы (РМЖ) путем сопоставления с патоморфологическими данными.
Материал и методы. Материалом для исследования послужили данные медицинской документации (истории болезни и амбулаторные карты) 336 больных РМЖ, проходивших обследование и лечение на базе ГАУЗ СО «Свердловский областной онкологический диспансер» (г. Екатеринбург) в 2021-2022 гг., средний возраст пациенток составил 57,6 (± 10,3) лет. В исследование были включены пациентки с операбельными и местнораспространёнными опухолями (сT1N1, сT2N1, сT2-3N0-1) различных иммуногистохимических подтипов, нуждающимися в неоадьюватной химиотерапии с целью уменьшения опухолевой массы. Ответ на лекарственную терапию оценивался на основе критериев RECIST 1.1. Были исследованы гистологические препараты до и после хирургического лечения с определением резидуальной опухоли или полного патоморфологического ответа (рathologic Complete Response — pCR). Всем пациентам были выполнены маммографическое, ультразвуковое, МРТ исследования, а также были проанализированы данные визуализации нейронной сетью. Приводилось сравнительное сопоставление ренген-лучевого (rCR) и патоморфологического (pCR) ответа опухоли.
Результаты. Регресс опухоли молочной железы, по данным гистологического исследования, (pCR) был обнаружен в 34,5 % (n = 116) случаев. В 44,8 % случаев (n = 52) получен полный ответ опухоли на неоадьюватную химиотерапию при люминальном В/HER2+ подтипе, а при нелюминальном/HER2+ подтипе pCR был зарегистрирован лишь у 37,9 % (n = 44) женщин. При тройном негативном РМЖ в 17,2 % (n = 20) случаев гистологически опухоль не определялась. Полный регресс, по данным лучевых методов исследования (rCR), был определен при маммографии в 28,6 % (n = 96) случаев, при УЗИ — у 29,8 % (n = 100), при МРТ в 32,1 % (n = 108), нейронная сеть определила полный регресс опухоли в 23,8 % случаев (n = 80). Наибольшую чувствительность в определении резидуальной опухоли продемонстрировала МРТ (80,0-83,3 %) в зависимости от молекулярного подтипа. Нейронная сеть продемонстрировала свою эффективность, сравнимую с маммографией по показателям чувствительности 69,2-72,0 % в зависимости от биологической характеристики опухоли, и специфичность на уровне 60,0-62,2 %.
Заключение. Была доказана высокая эффективность лучевых методов при мультимодальной диагностике в оценке и прогнозировании ответа опухоли на неоадьюватную химиотерапию. Обученная нейросетевая модель продемонстрировала способность выявлять остаточную опухоль на уровне маммографического исследования.
Is it Possible and Necessary to Avoid Using Brachytherapy when Giving Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer?
Authors: Паньшин Георгий Александрович , Титова Вера Алексеевна
Published: July 2024

На сегодняшний день стандартом радикального лечения местнораспространенного рака шейки матки (РШМ) является дистанционная радиотерапия (ДРТ) с одновременной химиотерапией и с последующей эскалацией очаговой дозы с помощью брахитерапии. При этом внедренные со временем в клиническую практику технологические достижения сделали радиотерапию именно с модулированной интенсивностью (IMRT) стандартным методом лечения при данной онкогинекологической патологии. В последующем, появившееся регулярное наведение по изображениям, позволило повысить уверенность в выравнивании положения пациента перед сеансом облучения, а возможность визуализировать ежедневное положение облучаемого объема и органов, подвергающихся риску облучения, сыграла важную роль в обеспечении, в связи с этим вероятного оптимально-безопасного сокращения тканей, подлежащих радиационному воздействию. При этом дополнительные технологии ДРТ, включая протонную терапию и стереотаксическую радиотерапию тела, позволили еще больше улучшить терапевтический индекс. В то же время в области брахитерапии переход от точечного планирования дозы к брахитерапии под визуальным контролем был связан с улучшением местного контроля над опухолевым процессом и снижением общей токсичности проводимого сочетанного специального лечения. Однако в последние годы появились сообщения о том, что использование брахитерапии, направленной для закрепления эффекта проводимого специального лечения у женщин с карциномой шейки матки сокращается. В основном связано это явление с определенными технологическими достижениями в применении передовых методов дистанционной радиотерапии, таких, например, как радиотерапия с модулированной интенсивностью (IMRT), ротационное объемно-модулированное облучение (VMAT), спиральная томотерапия, стереотаксическая радиотерапия тела (SBRT) и радиотерапия под контролем магнитно-резонансной томографии (MRIg-RT). В данной статье мы попытались кратко осветить современное состояние брахитерапии при противоопухолевом лечении местнораспространенного РШМ и продемонстрировать возможные негативные моменты, сопровождающие замену проведения брахитерапии современными методами высокотехнологичной дистанционной радиотерапии, в какой-то мере, подтверждающие, в конечном итоге, преждевременность данного постулата в клинической практике.
Uterine Tumors Histologically Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Neoplasms: Literature Review and Discussion of Patient Management
Authors: Бабаева Наталия Александровна , Карселадзе Аполлон Иродионович , Суркова Виктория Сергеевна , Бурменская Ольга Владимировна , Редькина Наталья Анатольевна , Асатурова Александра Вячеславовна , Алешикова Ольга Ивановна , Ашрафян Левон Андреевич
Published: July 2024

Опухоль матки, гистологически схожая с овариальными опухолями полового тяжа — редкое новообразование, разделяющееся на две группы: эндометриальная стромальная опухоль с очагами опухоли полового тяжа (ESTSCLE, тип I) и опухоль матки, напоминающая овариальные опухоли полового тяжа (UTROSCT, тип II), имеющие различные, клинические особенности, иммуногистохимические характеристики и прогноз. Большинство эндометриальных стромальных опухолей с очагами элементов полового тяжа имеют химерные гены, чаще всего JAZF1–SUZ12. Из-за малого числа наблюдений, клинических рекомендаций по их лечению не разработано. Для женщин с UTROSCT, которые хотят сохранить фертильность, возможно рассматривать консервативные лечебные подходы, после тщательного исследования операционного материала. При наличии у пациентки варианта ESTSCLE, при котором имеются сочетание с эндометриальной стромальной саркомой, обязательным является радикальное хирургическое лечение.
Pelvic Bone Tumors and Pregnancy: Clinical Cases of Successful Pregnancy and Delivery after Radical Surgical Treatment
Authors: Анисеня Илья Иванович , Чернышова Алена Леонидовна , Черняков Александр Алексеевич
Published: July 2024

Введение. В общей структуре онкологических заболеваний в мире первичные злокачественные новообразования костно-хрящевой системы занимают около 1 %. Приоритетным вариантом лечения такой категории больных является хирургическое удаление опухоли. Радикальные оперативные вмешательства, проведенные на костных структурах таза, непременно влекут за собой снижение качества жизни. В связи с чем в последнее время было разработано множество конструкций с широким диапазоном свойств с целью замещения дефектов данной области. В литературе встречается крайне мало описаний успешно реализованной репродуктивной функции после лечения женщин по поводу злокачественных новообразований костей таза.
Описание случаев. В статье представлен собственный опыт успешного лечения больных со злокачественными опухолями костно-хрящевой системы, вовлекающих тазовое кольцо, последующей успешной беременностью и родами. Приведено 2 клинических случая успешной реализации репродуктивной функции у женщин, перенесших хирургическое лечение с опухолями опорно-двигательной системы. В первом случае у пациентки выявили рецидив липосаркомы мягких тканей верхней трети правого бедра. Была произведена межподвздошно-брюшная ампутация нижней конечности справа с последующим экзопротезированием. Во втором случае верифицировали хондросаркому (G2) правой тазовой кости. Патологический перелом вертлужной впадины. Хирургическое лечение включало в себя резекцию тазовой кости с одномоментной реконструкцией костей тазового кольца и эндопротезированием тазобедренного сустава. Для замещения дефекта костных структур использовался индивидуальный имплант с аддитивным способом печати специальным медицинским порошком из никелида титана. Обе женщины были успешно родоразрешены путем кесарева сечения на 29 и 35 неделях беременности соответственно. В настоящий момент данные за рецидив отсутствуют. Дети растут и развиваются соответственно возрасту.
Заключение. На сегодняшний день для молодых женщин, пострадавших от опухолевых поражений костей таза и прилегающих мягких тканей, существует возможность органосохраняющего лечения, сохранение основных функций и физиологии органов малого таза. При своевременном обращении к специалистам возможно деторождение, формирование и сохранение полноценной семьи.
Development of Radiation Therapy the N.N. Petrov National Medicine Research Center of Oncology. Dedicated to Professor A.G. Vesnin
Authors: Багненко Сергей Сергеевич , Буровик Илья Александрович , Семенов Игорь Иванович , Бусько Екатерина Александровна , Черная Антонина Викторовна , Костромина Екатерина Викторовна , Зайцев Александр Николаевич , Кадырлеев Роман Андреевич , Зорин Ярослав Петрович
Published: July 2024

В статье описаны этапы развития лучевой диагностики в ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России от истоков, берущих начало в зданиях больницы им. И.И. Мечникова, до современного состояния подразделения. Отмечен вклад сотрудников в развитие научной и клинической деятельности учреждения, подготовку профильных специалистов и научных кадров, взаимосвязь этого процесса с другими лечебными и образовательными организациями нашей страны. Статья посвящается профессору Веснину Анатолию Георгиевичу, руководителю лучевой диагностики НИИ с 1982 по 2007 гг. Человеку, под началом которого отделению пришлось пройти через смену эпох, включая распад Советского Союза, непростые 90-е и последующее восстановление.
ЛЮДИНА-ПЛАНЕТА НА ІМ’Я СТАНІСЛАВ ДОВГИЙ
Authors: Topuzov Oleh , Dichek Nataliia
Published: July 2024

Представлено авторську версію наукової біографії видатного українського вченого, академіка НАН України та НАПН України, просвітника Станіслава Олексійовича Довгого. Згідно зі світовим трендом у біографістиці увагу зосереджено на висвітленні його людської особистості в інтерсуб'єктній взаємодії з сучасниками. Окреслено віхи наукової та просвітницької діяльності С. Довгого, його науковий доробок у проблемному полі української освіти, зокрема у таких напрямах, як позашкільна освіта — організація і керівництво Малою академією наук України, музейна педагогіка — організація перших музеїв науки в Україні та наукова освіта — розвиток і поширення концепції наукової освіти. Розкрито зв'язок науково-технічних досліджень вченого, зокрема у галузі інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій, з його новаторським внеском у забезпечення поступу української позашкільної наукової освіти.
Relationship of High Sensitive C-Reactive Protein and Lipid Profile with Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Vinod K H  , Bhattacharya D K  , Borah DJ
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Hypothyroidism changes lipid metabolism significantly. Hence dyslipidemia is a common finding in sub clinical hypothyroidism(SCH). On the other hand, dyslipidemia increases the cardiovascular(CV) event risk.
Highsensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an inflammatory marker associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis and predictor of CV events. As cardiovascular system is a target organ of thyroid disorders, we need to predict CV abnormalities at an early stage of hypothyroidism.
Hence our study aimed to see the relationship of hs-CRP and lipid profile with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in subclinical hypothyroidism.
Methods:
80 patients coming to OPD and IPD of Assam medical college and hospital, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken up for the study. A detailed history and clinical examination, and necessary investigations were recorded as per the Proforma.
Results: 
The mean age of patients in our study group was 47.84 ± 8.46 years. There was female preponderance in our study with a male to female ratio of 1: 1.86.The commonest symptom at presentation was fatigue (n=38, 47.5%). 28.75% had constipation, 20% had weight gain, 18.75% had cold intolerance, 10 % had decreased appetite. 30.77% of female subjects had menstrual irregularities. 46% of cases were asymptomatic. Majority of the subjects (70%) in the study group had hs-CRP levels more than 3mg/L. 25% of subjects had hs-CRP in the range of 1-3 mg/L. The mean value of hs-CRP was 4.89 ± 2.48 mg/L. Incidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction(LVDD) was significantly high, about 65% of subclinical hypothyroidism subjects had LVDD. There is Significant relationship was seen between hs-CRP and LVDD (p=0.002 and p=0.007). Association of lipid parameters and LVDD were seen, but did not reach statistical significance (p >0.05 for all parameters).
Conclusion:
High incidence of LVDD in SCH patients and significant association of hs-CRP with LVDD suggest all SCH patients should be screened for hs-CRP and lipid profile and echocardiography to predict and detect early CV involvement and prevent CV events.
A Cross Sectional Study on Challenges and Needs among Anganwadi Workers Under Rural Health Training Centre-Hiresavalagi, Kalaburagi
Authors: Manjunatha V K  , G. Ajay Kumar  , Meenakshi M Dhadave
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Integrated child development scheme (ICDS) was introduced in 1975 with a main motive to prevent malnutrition among under 6 years children withAnganwadi workers (AWW) being its main functionaries. To maintain proper functioning of ICDS, the anganwadi workers faced various challenges at different stages. Hence this study was taken to look into different challenges and needs among anganwadi workers under rural health training centre-Hiresavalagi, Kalaburagi.
OBJECTIVES:

To find the socio-demographic profile of anganwadi workers working under rural health training centre
To determine the challenges and needs among anganwadi workers (AWW) working under rural health training centre

METHODOLOGY: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among all Anganwadi workers (AWW) working under rural health training centre Hiresavalagi, Kalaburagi for period of 3 months by using census sampling method. The data was collected based on face-to-face interview after obtaining verbal consent from participants. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire containing two sections: sociodemographic profile and questions related to challenges andneeds.The data was entered into Microsoft Excel sheet and will be analysed using software SPSS version 16.0.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Anganwadi workers were facing challenges like insufficient supply of drugs (100%), unavailability of transport facilities (80.9%) and major need of regular incentive (100%) whereas minor need oftechnical training (14.9%) respectively. According to standard guidelines of ICDS each anganwadi centre should satisfy basic requirements and also provide regular incentive & adequate technical training for Anganwadi workers.
Oral Hygiene Status and Dental Caries Experience in Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia Patients: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Saswati MukherjeeDas  , Ujjwal Das  , Sharmistha Bhattacherjee  , Panchali  Datta
Published: July 2024

Background: Patients with thalassemia are prone to dental decay, although they are unconcerned about maintaining regular oral hygiene. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene status and dental caries experience of beta-thalassemia major patients in a tertiary care centre to those of healthy controls from the same centre.
Methods: Participants in the study ranged in age from 16 to 55 years. All study participants' carers or parents provided informed written consent. This research was carried out over a six-month period. All participants in the study were divided into two groups: (a) Group A (n = 30) consisted of patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia, and (b) Group B (n = 30) consisted of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Following a thorough general examination, including demographic data, an intraoral examination was performed using the Decayed-Missing-Filled Permanent Teeth Index (DMFT Index) and the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) [Calculus Index (CI) and Debris Index (DI)].
Results: Sociodemographic characteristics revealed that the mean age of the case group was not statistically significant, that male cases outnumbered controls, and that the p value was not significant. However, when the OHI-S and DMFT indexes were examined, the p values were significant in both situations.
Conclusions: Thalassemia patients are more prone to poor oral hygiene and carious lesions. Early visit to dentist is a key to good oral health for thalassemia population and prevents many emergencies and surgical episodes.
Prevalence of Insomnia and other Mental health disorders among healthcare workers managing Covid-19 pandemic in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh: An Online Cross-sectional study
Authors: Deepthi Karini  , Rohini Nunnaboina  , Sumalatha Bangi  , Hanumanth N
Published: July 2024

Background: The covid pandemic in India had put health-care workers (HCW) working in the frontline on the challenging end as they were facing the COVID-19 crisis diligently from the beginning of the pandemic in different positions and calibre. The present study was carried out to evaluate the mental health status of health care workers (HCWs) involved in the management of COVID-19 in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the mental health status of the health care workers (HCWs) and quantify the magnitude of Insomnia, anxiety, depression and stress.
Methodology: An online cross-sectional study using google forms was conducted among 166 health care workers including doctors and nurses involved in the management of COVID-19 patients at four different covid care centres out of 13 covid care centres in Visakhapatnamselected by random sampling method. Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) were used to assess the mental health disorders.
Results: Prevalence of Insomnia was noted among 24.10% of the study and anxiety was estimated to be 19.3%. Mild depression was noted in 17.5%, while moderate, moderately severe and severe depression was noted in 11.4%, 6.6% and 2.4% of the study participants respectively. High perceived stress was noted in 3.6%, while 70.5% had moderate stress and 25.9% had low stress among the study participants.
Conclusion: These findings emphasize the need to identify health-care workers who were at risk in order to provide them with comprehensive support and coping strategies to deal with them at an early stage during the pandemic situations.
Prevalence and Patternof using Personal Auditory Devices and Assessment of the Health Problems Related with it among Medical Students
Authors: Anwaya Magare  , Rahul Surve  , Swati Mahajan  , Vijaykumar Jadhav
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Personal Audio Devices (PAD) are almost essential to access smartphones and tablets anywhere. Regular and prolonged noise exposure can cause gradual, irreversible damage to the sensory cells and other structures, leading to a permanent threshold shift (permanent hearing loss). The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and pattern of using Personal Audio Devices (PAD) and health problems related to them among medical undergraduates of a medical college in Maharashtra. Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 413 respondentsfrom June to July 2022. Data was collected using a pre-structured self-administered questionnaire presented in the format of Google Form(Online). Results:Most of the participants i.e.  176 (42.5%) were using Bluetooth devices for listening.  The majority of the participants 148 (35.9%) had been using audio devices for the last 2-4 years. We found that 228 (55.3%) never used AD while driving. The study revealed that 132 (32%) students had started to have some difficulty in hearing, while 36 (8.7%) had pain, 34 (8.3%) had an itchy ear and 21 (5.1%) had mild deafness. Conclusion: Most of the participants were unaware of the safe use of audio devices and students had already started experiencing ear-related problems.
The Nature and the Limitations of the Technology used for Telemedicine in Neurology
Authors: Blanka Mitera  , Karolina Harasimowicz  , Marcin Donovan
Published: July 2024

The pandemic fundamentally changed our lives and accelerated the adoption of artificial intelligence in the medical field. Despite the undeniable contribution of artificial intelligence, medical experiments and human knowledge are still necessary. The aim of this study is to compare the use of AI and ML in neurology as an effective method for screening, detection, evaluation, monitoring and development of neurological diseases. This article review was conducted on databases correlating the application of ML and AI techniques to the health law. It also addresses some of the disadvantages of applying medical algorithms to real-world and difficulties from a health law perspective. The study also considers the recommendations of researchers, clinical experts and policy makers for a model strategy to explore technology in the future. Current improvements in AI and ML have significantly improved neurological treatment - but also detection, evaluation and at the same time reduced human intervention in medical practice. Article seeks sustained and organised effort to treat neurological patients faster with the cultural, political, and economic pressures under which medicine functions.
Identification of Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Amputation in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients in Coimbatore Medical College: A Prospective Study
Authors: T.Gunalasuresh  , P. Kavitha  , R.Ravi  , Gurumoorthy
Published: July 2024

Background:Diabetic foot ulcer have affected the lives of patients, families, and other care takers for decades and frequently lead to significant morbidity and mortality. If these silent lesions are left undiagnosed or not treated early, they lead to amputations.
Methods:  The aim of this study is to identify the incidence and riskfactors for diabetic foot ulcer leading to lower extremity amputation. Detailed history, examinationandinvestigations were done. Appropriate interventionscarried out. The outcome was analyzedand risk factors for amputation were assessed.
Conclusion: Most patients belong to low socioeconomic class withlate presentation to hospital and advanced disease.Hence amputation rates are higher. Most important preventive measure to reduce amputationwill be to bring the primary disease under control. Timely interventionand early diagnosis are key for reducing mortality and amputation rates.
Physician’s Perception of Tele-Medicine and its Role During Covid-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kalaburagi City, India
Authors: Nilofer Naaz  , Sunil Deshmukh  , Pallavi V.Tenglikar
Published: July 2024

Background :Telemedicineis use of remote based online technology to provide medical consultation to the patients by Physicians. The Covid-19 Pandemic has increased the use of virtual care since last two years. There is a need to analyze its effectiveness and usefulness among the Physician community so that we can get good benefits from it even in the future and address if any difficulties are being faced by them. Hence a study is done to assess the doctors’ perception about Telemedicine especially during the Covid-19 Pandemic at Basaveshwar teaching and general hospital attached to M R medical college in Kalaburagi City, Karnataka. Aim : To assess the perception of telemedicine among Physicians. 2.To study the utilization of telemedicine during Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods and material: Cross sectional study using Questionnaire based Google form survey answered by 100 doctors at Basaveshwar Teaching and General hospital attached to M R Medical College for a duration of 3 months from July to September 2021.
Results:58 % responded that telemedicine gave desirable results in diagnosis and treatment. 100 % agreed the flow increased during pandemic.98 % agreed that telemedicine is beneficial for their practice. Conclusion: There are benefits and drawbacks of telemedicine but in the present scenario benefits are substantial. Some patients and doctors still like physical examination and not all procedures can be performed online. In cases where patients can’t visit their doctors’ in-person as during pandemic and didn’t require a physical exam, telemedicine can be a good alternative.
Quality of life among type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study from Eastern Indian Medical Institute
Authors: Sk Golam Mortuja  , Swapnodeep Sarkar,  , .Eashin Gazi,  , Saikat Bhattacharya
Published: July 2024

Background: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus is one of the commonest chronic non-communicable diseases occurring worldwide with a high prevalence of diabetes in India .A holistic view in terms of Quality of Life (QoL) is being increasingly recognized as an essential component of diabetes care and management and evaluate the impact of diabetes on physical, social, psychological and environmental components of individual’s life,Aim: To find out the quality of life of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study based on response of type-2 DM patients to 26 questions of WHO-QOL BREF and some additional information about their socio-demographic background. Patients were recruited by systematic random samplinginto the study sample as they turned out for follow-up at OPD with an informed consent from willing patients, questions were asked in local language from the WHOQOL-BREF in the form of interview. Total 306 number of type-2 DM patients were interviewed following the inclusion criteria of more than 30 years of age and suffering from the disease for at least 2 years or more and under treatment and follow-up.Results: The maximum domain wise score was in social (68.37 ± 13.54) followed by environmental (61.51 ± 16.24), psychological (58.94 ± 21.27 ) and physical (52.62 ± 13.54) domain. Males, urban residents, persons aged less than 60 years and overweight individuals reported a better QoL than their counterparts. Gender and residence were found to be significantly associated with QoL, across domains.Conclusions:QoL assessment is essentialfor outcome measure in diabetes care. Policy makers ought to consider quality adjusted life years while evaluating health outcomesand National programs should designed for diabetes management must consider the challenges found in their quality of life.
A Comparative Assessment on Dietary Habits of Pregnant Women in Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Annie Anbarasi S  , Ponmozhi N  , Subhashini M  , Vijetha R
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Prenatal nutrition that is nutrient-rich is linked to better fetal health, more suitable birth weights, and higher rates of maternal and baby survival. Good dietary habits during pregnancy play a significant role in determining the long-term nutritional status of both the mother and the foetus. To determine the likelihood of nutritional deficiency and to provide pregnant women in both urban and rural locations with suitable dietary advice, poor dietary intakes during pregnancy can result in inadequate nutritional status and have an additional impact on the health of the mother and the unborn child.
METHODS: The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology unit in Chennai. The investigation comprised 100 pregnant women in both urban and rural areas. The patients were assessed using anthropometric and dietary methods, including a Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24-hour recall.
CONCLUSION: The dietary habits of pregnant women in urban areas show higher nutrient intakes than their rural counterparts. The dietary pattern of pregnant women in urban areas is better than that of rural areas due to their healthier food choices. A balanced diet can help a pregnant woman improve maternal health and enjoy a safe pregnancy for both herself and her foetus.
Evaluation of Bed Utilization Pattern in a Tertiary Care Teaching Corporate Hospital in India
Authors: Sravan Saikumar Putla  , Minal Bhatia
Published: July 2024

Objectives- Assessment of bed utilization indices in a tertiary care hospital in India.
Methods- This cross-sectional study was conducted in a 730-bed tertiary care hospital. Average length of stay (ALOS),bed occupancy rate (BOR), bed turnover interval (BTI), bed turnover rate (BTR), gross death rate (GDR), and net death rate (NDR) were assessed over 12 months. Data included both primary and secondary data.
Results- During the study period, there were 355722 outpatients, of which 28296 were admitted and there were 32742 emergency room (ER) outpatients, of which 18361 were admitted. ALOS, BOR, BTI, BTR, GDR & NDR were 3.55, 63.55, 2.07, 5.43, 1.94 & 1.31 respectively. In the international ward, ICU, general ward, private room, and RAS ward the BOR was 37.04, 52.81, 77.66, 64.93, and 38.35 respectively and the value of ALOS was 4.01, 3.21, 3.47, 2.69, and 4.37 respectively.
Conclusion-Despite being better than many hospitals in India, there is still a need for improvement in the hospital management strategy of the hospital to reach its optimum level. Monitoring of bed utilization ratios is recommended in hospital settings.
A Cross Sectional Study on Prevalence and Determinants of Substance Abuse among College Students
Authors: N.Abhijit  , M.Pradeep Kumar
Published: July 2024

Background: Substance abuse in India continues to be a major problem for both  individuals and society. Substance abuse refers to hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including smoking, alcohol and illicit drugs. Substance abuse can lead to dependence syndrome-a cluster of behavioral, cognitive and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated use of substances like alcohol and tobacco.
Objectives:
 To find out the prevalence and determinants of substance abuse among college students and assess the awareness regarding treatment of substance abuse among them.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 college students randomly selected from different colleges in Ongole from April to May 2022. Data was collected by using pre-tested semi structured questionnaires after taking informed consent from study participants. p- value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Prevalence of substance abuse was 34%, and the common substances abused were alcohol, smoking, ganja and gutka. Major determinants were experimentation followed by peer pressure and family influence. Hostel stay, socio economic status and professional courses are found to be statistically significant for substance abuse .
Conclusions: Substance abuse is a rampant problem globally. Proper awareness has to be provided regarding substance abuse to children by family and teachers right from a young age to prevent increased incidence of substance abuse.
Coagulation Dysfunction and Inflammatory Storm in Post Covid -19, An Observational Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Atul kumar Singh,  , Deepak Singh  , Anjuman Chaudhary  , Abhishek Singh,  , Amitabh Das Shukla  , Tariq Mahmood
Published: July 2024

Background-The world was struggling in lockdown for months since December of 2019 due to novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, a pandemic declared by the World Health Organization . Research evidence is growing on the role of several symptoms, comorbidities, inflammation and hypercoagulability markers in relation to disease progression and deaths in COVID-19 patients. The incidence of diabetes, one of the leading causes of morbidity has been shown to be high and is associated with disease progression in COVID-19. More than 425 million individuals have diabetes worldwide and projections show this number rising to629 million by 2045. This Study was done with fallowing objectives-To compare markers of coagulation dysfunction and markers of inflammation in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Post COVID-19 patients.
Material and method-This is an observational cross -sectional study assessing Post COVID- 19 . In this study among 214 patients participated, in which 129 patients were diabetic and 85 patients were non- diabetic.
Result- The following variables were significantly associated (p<0.05) with the diabetic Post COVID-19 patients: Age (Years), TLC (/cu.mm), S.Ferritin (ng/mL), S.Procalcitonin (ng/mL), D-Dimer (µg/mL), S.LDH (U/L), SpO2 (%), FBS (mg/dL), PPBS (mg/dL), A1c(%), PT (Sec), aPTT (Sec), INRConclusion- The presence of diabetes could further influence the magnitude of inflammatory and coagulation dysfunction in Post COVID-19. Strikingly, a recent study showed a significant increase in these markers in diabetic group as compared to non-diabetic group of Post-COVID-19 patients without other comorbidities, indicating the independent impact of diabetes..
Performance analysis of Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres in Purulia district of West Bengal, India
Authors: Swati Dutta  , Santanu Bisai  , Debjani Sengupta  , Pramit Ghosh
Published: July 2024

Background: Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is a life-threatening condition affecting under-five children. Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre (NRC) was designed to provide comprehensive clinical-social management of SAM children in an institutional setting.
Method: The study was based on a record analysis of six years between 2014 and 2019 after obtaining ethical and administrative approval. Objectives were to compare indices like admission rate, bed occupancy, sex differentials over time as well as among different NRCs.
Conclusion: A total of 7316 children were admitted to the 9 NRCs. Quarterly admission ranged between 181 to 389. The gender parity index (GPI) was higher for girls. The cure rate ranged between 39.8% to 70.9%; Subtle modifications in diet helped in improving the cure rate. Bed-occupancy rate varied from 72.55% to 85.95%. Variability of performance of NRCs could be associated with factors like available manpower, attitude of providers, supply of logistics, etc. Regular interaction with the community and counselling is necessary to increase admission and hospital stay.
Unregulated Production: Examining Craft-Produced Weapons from a Global Perspective
Authors: Vecchioni Matilde
Published: July 2024

Craft production of small arms and light weapons (SALW) is a global and long-standing phenomenon. While manufacturing techniques – both traditional and emerging – evolve at a fast pace, knowledge on craft production remains localized and fragmented. This is compounded by a lack of a universally agreed definition of craft production. In June 2023, UNIDIR initiated research examining craft production of small arms and light weapons (SALW). The objective of this research is to increase knowledge and understanding of craft-produced SALW and raise awareness of the challenges for preventing and addressing their illicit proliferation, trafficking and misuse. This report aspires to be a first step towards a global and more comprehensive dialogue on the issue of craft-produced SALW. The findings presented in it draw primarily on UNIDIR’s “Global survey on addressing the global craft production of SALW”, which was distributed to all United Nations Member States throughout 2023 and in early 2024. A total of 80 countries from all regions of the world contributed to this study by completing the survey. This report explores key types of craft-produced weapon and manufacturing techniques, and profiles the main actors involved in the production and use of these weapons. It also delves into the existing international, regional, and national frameworks that regulate illicit manufacturing and address, most often implicitly, the issue of craft production. Finally, it considers key challenges to efforts to address this global challenge and avenues to improve these efforts. This report intends to provide international and regional organizations and states, in particular their law enforcement agencies, with a representative, yet non-exhaustive, benchmark on the issue of craft production of SALW. The report encourages a new, global dialogue on this critical issue.
Weapons and Ammunition Management in Africa Insights: 2024 Update
Authors: Bajon Theò
Published: July 2024

Effective weapons and ammunition management (WAM) can reduce the number of illicit conventional arms, including small arms and light weapons, and ammunition in circulation, prevent their diversion to unauthorized users, and mitigate the risk of unplanned explosions of munitions. WAM can thereby contribute to preventing armed conflicts and violence, including gender-based violence, as well as the maintenance of peace and the achievement of socioeconomic and development goals. By early 2024, 15 states – including 12 African states – have assessed and made efforts to strengthen their national frameworks governing the management of conventional weapons and ammunition throughout their life cycle using UNIDIR’s Reference Methodology for National WAM Baseline Assessments. UNIDIR has identified 10 key functional areas for WAM, including a national coordination mechanism and a legal and regulatory framework, as well as measures to be taken to control transfers, manage stockpiles, ensure accountability through marking and record-keeping, dealing with illicit arms and ammunition, and final disposal. This is the third annual update by UNIDIR to recognize the progress made to strengthen WAM policies and practices by those 12 African states. This update provides an initial comparative analysis of progress made across the regional baseline of WAM policy and practice. It sheds light on persistent as well as context-specific challenges encountered by States in strengthening their national WAM frameworks. The update presents national examples of activities and progress made in oftentimes challenging environments from 2023 to early 2024 in the 10 key WAM functional areas. The exchange of good practices and lessons learned in strengthening WAM policy and practice in Africa seeks to enhance the knowledge of States, regional organisations and international partners on ways to establish and implement comprehensive national and regional frameworks governing the full lifecycle of arms and ammunition. UNIDIR encourages the Community of States, regional organisations and relevant international partners to consult its WAM Country Insight and Annual Update series as a useful reference to support the planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation for future WAM projects.
Étude de l’activité épilinguistique de jeunes argotiers : des masques identitaires ?
Authors: Lesiewicz Anne Gensane
Published: July 2024

In this work, I propose to highlight the treatment granted to the Other by examining the sociolinguistic representations formulated in the epilinguistic speeches of young slang speakers, extracted from a corpus composed of two fields: one ours, the other from Multicultural Paris French. Here I will therefore analyze their evaluations of the language using a grid of functions based on contemporary slang analysis. Questioning epilinguistic productions encourages the examination of the relationship that the speaker maintains with the norm, and, as such, this paper will benefit from insights into the sociology of deviance.
L’argot chez Lacenaire. L’identité tiraillée
Authors: Umezawa Aya
Published: July 2024

Lacenaire's knowledge of slang enabled him to pretend to be a criminal and protected him from harassment in prison (feigned identity). Yet, in the court, he distinguished himself from other criminals with his eloquent language (accentuated original identity). However, the bourgeoisie to which he had belonged was less interested in a societal dropout than in an elite criminal who knew how to speak standard French. Within this complex context, Lacenaire presented a poem in two versions: one in slang and the other translated into French "for illiterate people" (torn identity).
Le style individuel de Rachid Djaïdani : construction d’une identité linguistique et littéraire en situation interculturelle
Authors: Desfeux Olga Stepanova
Published: July 2024

The interethnic language spoken in the suburbs, where slang, common French, verlan (a form of French slang that involves inverting syllables in words), terms borrowed from Maghrebi Arabic, and Anglo-American slang intersect, contributes to the affirmation of a plural identity (cultural, social, spatial). This blended speech is disseminated beyond the suburbs through literature, where it becomes a distinctive feature of the style of writers from immigrant backgrounds. In search of a literary identity, Rachid Djaïdani employs a hybrid language, mixing various codes, working on sound, rhythm, infusing poetry into prose.
Les drogues et leur rôle identitaire dans le hip-hop
Authors: Napieralski Andrzej
Published: July 2024

This study forms part of a sociolinguistic and lexicological research on a corpus based on the language of young speakers immersed in hip-hop culture. Serving as a spokesperson for an often socially marginalized young community, this movement is characterized by rituals and codes that shape their identity. One of the behaviors specific to young hip-hop enthusiasts is drug consumption, with a slight preference for marijuana and its derivatives. Our research relies on recent French rap lyrics (from 2012 onwards). In this work, we will compile lexical forms related to drugs found in rap lyrics (for example: 'taga' for hashish, 'gueuchla' for drug addict, 'galette' for cocaine, 'xeu' for ecstasy pill, etc.). This sociolinguistic inquiry also seeks to illustrate how drugs form a component of the hip-hop community's identity and how this drug use is construed as an identity attribute through rap discourse. By examining the context in which lexemes and phrases appear in the rap lyrics of our corpus, we aim to gain a better understanding of how this peripheral linguistic variety contributes to identity construction.
« Ni l’un ni l’autre, je suis » : métissage identitaire et linguistique dans l’art de Stromae
Authors: Gulyás Adrienn
Published: July 2024

This essay explores the concept of métissage / mixity in the work of Belgian singer/songwriter Stromae, and more specifically, in his song titled „Bâtard” [Bastard]. The message of the song which appeared on the album Racine carrée [Square root] is interpreted here as the manifesto of an emerging intellectual consciousness, that of the bâtard, refusing to conceive reality as a set of dualistic oppositions. Advocating the image of a kaleidoscopic self, the bastard is proud to be „neither the one, nor the other”. The article investigates how this idea takes form in the lyrics, the music and the interplay of the two.
Vers une bibliographie des traductions hongroises de la littérature médiévale de langue provençale/occitane
Authors: Rajnavölgyi Géza
Published: July 2024

C’est un fait à première vue stupéfiant que la poésie des troubadours, un phénomène unique dans l’éclosion médiévale de la littérature européenne, ne paraȋt pas en Hongrie par des traductions avant le milieu du XXe siècle et que ses traductions ne s’amplifient que vers le tournant du millénaire. Il est vrai que le grand ouvrage sur la littérature européenne (Az európai irodalom története, 1934-35) de Mihály Babits et celui de Antal Szerb, d’un horizon géographique plus large (A világirodalom története, 1941), consacrent tous les deux des analyses très exactes à cette poésie, mais se basant sensiblement sur les informations internationales à partir de Gaston Paris jusqu’à C. S. Lewis, et non sur les impressions personnelles des deux auteurs hongrois.
Tetrabutylammonium iodide-catalyzed oxidative α-azidation of β-ketocarbonyl compounds using sodium azide
Authors: Mairhofer Christopher , Naderer David , Waser Mario
Published: July 2024

We herein report the oxidative α-azidation of carbonyl compounds by using NaN3 in the presence of dibenzoyl peroxide catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI). By utilizing these readily available bulk chemicals a variety of cyclic β-ketocarbonyl derivatives can be efficiently α-azidated under operationally simple conditions. Control experiments support a mechanistic scenario involving in situ formation of an ammonium hypoiodite species which first facilitates the α-iodination of the pronucleophile, followed by a phase-transfer-catalyzed nucleophilic substitution by the azide. Furthermore, we also show that an analogous α-nitration by using NaNO2 under otherwise identical conditions is possible as well.
Firms Attributes and Sustainability Disclosures a Study of Less Sensitive Environmental Sector in Nigeria
Authors: Ogunmodede Emmanuel Olorunfemi , Ibukun-Falayi Owoola Rekiat , Alake Sunday Francis
Published: July 2024

This research delves into how firm attributes influence sustainability disclosure, focusing on a comparative analysis within the less environmentally sensitive sector in Nigeria. The specific aims include determining the variance in the impact of Leverage on sustainability disclosure and exploring the distinction in the effect of profitability on sustainability disclosure within this sector. Employing a longitudinal and ex-post facto research design, the study targets a population of 150 listed firms in Nigeria, selecting a sample of 20 firms from both financial and non-financial sectors through judgmental sampling. Data spanning from 2012 to 2021 were gathered from the annual reports and accounts of the chosen firms, along with information from the Nigeria Exchange Group (NGX) fact book. Hypotheses were tested using panel regression and t-test techniques. The primary findings reveal a significant difference in the influence of firm size on sustainability disclosure in more environmentally sensitive industries (P= 0.0002). In summary, the adoption of sustainable development strategies by companies reflects management's acknowledgment of stakeholder perceptions. The study suggests that regulators prioritize environmental and social concerns to encourage sustainable practices, including enhanced disclosure on environmental, social, and governance fronts.
Beneficios Penitenciarios y Accesibilidad al Derecho de Trabajo Como Garantía de Reinserción Social Extramuros 2021
Authors: Villanueva Conislla Milagros
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del artículo fue determinar de qué manera influye los beneficios penitenciarios en el derecho de trabajo como garantía de reinserción social extramuros en el penal de Lurigancho 2021, el estudio se llevó a cabo, una metodología de la investigación fundamental caracterizada por un diseño descriptivo, explicativo, no experimental y transversal, que incorpora un enfoque cuantitativo. La población del estudio abarcó un total de «55» personas, incluidos jueces, fiscales, abogadas y madres solteras, la muestra estaba compuesto por «49» personas, a quienes se realizó una encuesta. Los resultados revelaron que más del 57% de los encuestados han consideran los beneficios penitenciarios como una garantía al derecho a al trabajo es una reinserción social extramuros en el penal de Lurigancho. En conclusión, se deducir que no se le está dando cumplimiento adecuadamente a al bienestar penitenciario en el sistema penitenciario debe tener en cuenta la realidad problemática que se debe cumplir con el mandato constitucional la reeducación, rehabilitación y reintegración de los reclusos a la sociedad.