bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Phone App to Improve the Mental Health of Taxi Drivers: Single-Arm Feasibility Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Davidson Sandra , Fletcher Susan , Wadley Greg , Reavley Nicola , Gunn Jane , Wade Darryl
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Psychological distress among taxi drivers is 5 times higher than that in the general population, and more than half of all drivers have experienced 3 or more potentially traumatic events in their lifetime. Nevertheless, help-seeking for mental health problems in this male-dominated, predominately immigrant workforce is low. Mobile technologies have the potential to increase mental health awareness, teach self-help skills, and encourage help-seeking in this hard-to-reach population.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of Driving to Health, a mobile phone–friendly mental health website app designed for people working as taxi drivers.

METHODS

Drivers (n=46) were recruited from the Melbourne Airport Taxi Holding Yard to participate in a single-arm trial. Self-reported, paper-based assessments were completed at baseline and at 1 month. Feasibility was measured by completion rates, representativeness of study participants, and levels of use. Acceptability was assessed by measuring users’ perception of the quality of the app and anticipated levels of future use. The efficacy of Driving to Health to increase awareness, self-help behaviors, and intentions to seek help was assessed using the user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (uMARS) and the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ). Psychological symptoms were measured using the short form of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data were analyzed using complete case analysis.

RESULTS

In total, 42 participants comprising drivers from 10 different countries of origin, and 14 different languages, completed pre- and poststudy measures (42/46, 91% completion rate). Just under half (45%) of all users used the app more than once with an average visit of 4 min 8 seconds. Responding to the uMARS, 62% (26/42) of the participants said that they would recommend the app to many people. Nearly all (40/42, 95%) participants said that Driving to Health increased awareness of their own mental health; 86% (36/42) said that it increased their mental health knowledge; and 76% (32/42) said that it increased their self-help behaviors. Increases in help-seeking intentions on the GHSQ were not significant, and increases on all 3 scales of DASS-21 were not reliable or meaningful.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that Driving to Health is an acceptable and feasible electronic health intervention for a hard-to-reach population. Our findings also suggest that Driving to Health results in increases in mental health awareness, behaviors, and willingness to seek help.
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Versus a Deep Learning Algorithm in the Prediction of Dementia: An Analysis Based on Periodic Health Examination (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Woo Jung , Sung Ji Min , Sung David , Chae Myeong-Hun , An Suk Kyoon , Namkoong Kee , Lee Eun , Chang Hyuk-Jae
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

With the increase in the world’s aging population, there is a growing need to prevent and predict dementia among the general population. The availability of national time-series health examination data in South Korea provides an opportunity to use deep learning algorithm, an artificial intelligence technology, to expedite the analysis of mass and sequential data.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the discriminative accuracy between a time-series deep learning algorithm and conventional statistical methods to predict all-cause dementia and Alzheimer dementia using periodic health examination data.

METHODS

Diagnostic codes in medical claims data from a South Korean national health examination cohort were used to identify individuals who developed dementia or Alzheimer dementia over a 10-year period. As a result, 479,845 and 465,081 individuals, who were aged 40 to 79 years and without all-cause dementia and Alzheimer dementia, respectively, were identified at baseline. The performance of the following 3 models was compared with predictions of which individuals would develop either type of dementia: Cox proportional hazards model using only baseline data (HR-B), Cox proportional hazards model using repeated measurements (HR-R), and deep learning model using repeated measurements (DL-R).

RESULTS

The discrimination indices (95% CI) for the HR-B, HR-R, and DL-R models to predict all-cause dementia were 0.84 (0.83-0.85), 0.87 (0.86-0.88), and 0.90 (0.90-0.90), respectively, and those to predict Alzheimer dementia were 0.87 (0.86-0.88), 0.90 (0.88-0.91), and 0.91 (0.91-0.91), respectively. The DL-R model showed the best performance, followed by the HR-R model, in predicting both types of dementia. The DL-R model was superior to the HR-R model in all validation groups tested.

CONCLUSIONS

A deep learning algorithm using time-series data can be an accurate and cost-effective method to predict dementia. A combination of deep learning and proportional hazards models might help to enhance prevention strategies for dementia.
Evaluation of a Health Information Technology–Enabled Collective Intelligence Platform to Improve Diagnosis in Primary Care and Urgent Care Settings: Protocol for a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Fontil Valy , Khoong Elaine C , Hoskote Mekhala , Radcliffe Kate , Ratanawongsa Neda , Lyles Courtney Rees , Sarkar Urmimala
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Diagnostic error in ambulatory care, a frequent cause of preventable harm, may be mitigated using the collective intelligence of multiple clinicians. The National Academy of Medicine has identified enhanced clinician collaboration and digital tools as a means to improve the diagnostic process.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the efficacy of a collective intelligence output to improve diagnostic confidence and accuracy in ambulatory care cases (from primary care and urgent care clinic visits) with diagnostic uncertainty.

METHODS

This is a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of using collective intelligence in cases with diagnostic uncertainty from clinicians at primary care and urgent care clinics in 2 health care systems in San Francisco. Real-life cases, identified for having an element of diagnostic uncertainty, will be entered into a collective intelligence digital platform to acquire collective intelligence from at least 5 clinician contributors on the platform. Cases will be randomized to an intervention group (where clinicians will view the collective intelligence output) or control (where clinicians will not view the collective intelligence output). Clinicians will complete a postvisit questionnaire that assesses their diagnostic confidence for each case; in the intervention cases, clinicians will complete the questionnaire after reviewing the collective intelligence output for the case. Using logistic regression accounting for clinician clustering, we will compare the primary outcome of diagnostic confidence and the secondary outcome of time with diagnosis (the time it takes for a clinician to reach a diagnosis), for intervention versus control cases. We will also assess the usability and satisfaction with the digital tool using measures adapted from the Technology Acceptance Model and Net Promoter Score.

RESULTS

We have recruited 32 out of our recruitment goal of 33 participants. This study is funded until May 2020 and is approved by the University of California San Francisco Institutional Review Board until January 2020. We have completed data collection as of June 2019 and will complete our proposed analysis by December 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will determine if the use of a digital platform for collective intelligence is acceptable, useful, and efficacious in improving diagnostic confidence and accuracy in outpatient cases with diagnostic uncertainty. If shown to be valuable in improving clinicians’ diagnostic process, this type of digital tool may be one of the first innovations used for reducing diagnostic errors in outpatient care. The findings of this study may provide a path forward for improving the diagnostic process.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/13151
Exploring Young People’s Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Text-Based Online Counseling: Mixed Methods Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Navarro Pablo , Bambling Matthew , Sheffield Jeanie , Edirippulige Sisira
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Young people aged 10-24 years are at the highest risk for mental health problems and are the least likely to seek professional treatment. Owing to this population’s high consumption of internet content, electronic mental (e-mental) health services have increased globally, with an aim to address barriers to treatment. Many of these services use text-based online counseling (TBOC), which shows promising results in supporting young people but also greater variance in outcomes compared with adult comparators.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study qualitatively explored the characteristics of users aged 15-25 years accessing TBOC services, their motivations for access, and their perceptions about factors believed to influence the effectiveness of these modalities.

METHODS

E-surveys were administered naturalistically to 100 young service users aged 15-25 years who accessed webchat and email counseling services via an Australian e-mental health service. Thematic analysis of qualitative themes and quantitative descriptive and proportional data presented in electronic surveys were examined across the areas of user characteristics, motivations for selecting TBOC modalities, and their perceptions of TBOC effectiveness.

RESULTS

Participants were predominately female high school students of Caucasian or European descent from middle socioeconomic status, living with their parents in major cities. Four domains and various themes and subthemes were related to participants’ reasons for accessing TBOC and perceptions of its effectiveness: user characteristics (ie, physical and mental health syndrome and perceived social difficulties), selection factors (ie, safety, avoidance motivation, accessibility, and expectation), factors perceived to increase effectiveness (ie, general therapeutic benefits, positive modality and service factors, and persisting with counseling to increase benefit), and factors perceived to decrease effectiveness (ie, negative modality and service factors, and persisting with counseling despite benefit).

CONCLUSIONS

Participants were motivated to use TBOC to increase their sense of safety in response to negative perceptions of their social skills and the response of the online counsellor to their presenting problem. By using TBOC services, they also sought to improve their access to mental health services that better met their expectations. Factors that increased effectiveness of TBOC were the counsellor’s interpersonal skills, use of text-based communication, and persisting with beneficial counseling sessions. Factors that reduced TBOC effectiveness were poor timeliness in response to service requests, experiencing no change in their presenting problem, not knowing what postcounseling action to take, and persisting with ineffective counseling sessions.
Do Interaction and Education Moderate Top Management Team Age Heterogeneity and Corporate Social Responsibility?
Authors: Liu Yawei , Gulzar M. Awais , Zhang Zhaoguo , Yang Qingxiang
Published: December 2018

Using Chinese listed firms' data from 2008 to 2012, we explored, on the basis of upper echelons theory, whether and how top management team (TMT) age heterogeneity affects corporate social responsibility (CSR) and if TMT interaction and TMT education moderate this relationship. Results
revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between TMT age heterogeneity and CSR, in which TMT interaction played a moderating role; however, TMT education did not moderate the relationship. These results are helpful and significant for the understanding of CSR strategy, and for the improvement
of human resource management.
PRESCRIBING COMPETENCY OF MEDICAL STUDENTS: NATIONAL SURVEY OF MEDICAL EDUCATION LEADERS
Authors: Liu Jiayu , Wong SherWin , Foster Gary , Holbrook Anne
Published: December 2018

Evidence suggests that newly licensed physicians are not adequately prepared to prescribe medications safely. There is currently no national pre-licensure prescribing competency assessment required in North America. This study’s purpose was to survey Canadian medical school leaders for their interest in and perceived need for a nation-wide prescribing assessment for final year medical students.

Method

In spring of 2015, surveys were disseminated online to medical education leaders in all 17 Canadian medical schools. The survey included questions on perceived medication prescribing competency in medical schools, and interest in integration of a national assessment into medical school curricula and licensing.

Results

372 (34.6 %) faculty from all 17 Canadian medical schools responded. 277 (74.5%) respondents were residency directors, 33 (8.9%) vice deans of medical education or equivalent, and 62 (16.7%) clerkship coordinators. Faculty judged 23.4% (SD 22.9%) of their own graduates’ prescribing knowledge to be unsatisfactory and 131 (44.8%) felt obligated to provide close supervision to more than a third of their new residents due to prescribing concerns. 239 (73.0%) believed that an assessment process would improve their graduates’ quality, 262 (80.4%) thought it should be incorporated into their medical school curricula and 248 (76.0%) into the national licensing process. Except in regards to close supervision due to concerns, there were no significant differences between schools’ responses.

Conclusions

Amongst Canadian medical school leadership, there is a perceived inadequacy in medical student prescribing competency as well as support for a standardized prescribing competency assessment in curricula and licensing processes.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU KEPUTUSAN PETANI DALAM BERUSAHA TANI PADI SAWAH ORGANIK DAN PADI SAWAH ANORGANIK
Authors: Kernalis Emy , Lubis Arsyad
Published: December 2018

Penggunaan bahan organic kedalam tanah atau pemberian pupuk organic merupakan salah satu hal yang dapat digunakan sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi dampak dari mahalnya harga saprodi dan juga dapat digunakan untuk mempertahankan lahan pertanian agar tetap produktif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pasar Terusan Kecamatan Muara Bulian Kabupaten Batang Hari dengan pertimbangan merupakan desa dimana masyarakatnya sebagian besar bekerja sebagai petani yang mengusahakan padi sawah organic dan padi sawah anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya perbedaan pendapatan dari usahatani padi sawah organic dan padi sawah anorganik serta untuk mengetahui factor-faktor penentu keputusan petani dalam berusahatani padi sawah organic dan padi sawah anorganik di Kecamatan Muara Jambi Kabupaten Batang Hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat perbedaan pendapatan yang diterima petani per musim tanam yaitu Rp. 21.017.812,50 (padi sawah organic) dan Rp. 17.882. 962,50 (padi sawah anorganik).  Variable Faktor-faktor penentu keputusan petani dalam berusahatani padi sawah organic dan padi sawah anorganik sangat dipengaruhi (signifikan) oleh variable luas lahan, biaya benih,biaya pupuk dan obat-obatan.
PROSES KOMUNIKASI DALAM PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PTT PADI DI TINGKAT PETANI DI KABUPATEN SAROLANGUN PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Suharyon Suharyon
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2015 di Desa Aur Gading dan Desa Lidung Kecamatan Sarolangun Kabupaten Sarolangun Provinsi Jambi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis proses komunikasi yang terjadi dalam upaya penerapan teknologi PTT di tingkat petani. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Studi Kasus. 4 kelompok tani ditetapkan secara purposive (sengaja), 2 kelompok tani padi sawah dan 2 kelompok tani padi ladang. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 32 petani diambil secara proposional random sampling dimana masing-masing kelompok tani diwakili oleh 8 orang petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses komunikasi dalam upaya penerapan teknologi PTT terjadi dalam 3 aktifitas yaitu ceramah, diskusi dan praktek. Model komunikasi dalam proses tersebut adalah linier dan multiarah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka disarankan kepada pelaku komunikasi lebih banyak memperbanyak diskusi dan praktek melalui proses komunikasi multi arah.
Kepadatan Tanah Pasca Tambang Batu Bara Setelah di Revegetasi
Authors: Refliaty Refliaty , Endriani Endriani
Published: December 2018

Penelitian tinjauan kepadatan lahan paska tambang batu bara yang sudah direveggetasi dilaksanakan di lahan bekas tambang batubara milik PT. Nan Riang, di Kota Muara Tembesi, Provinsi Jambi. Analisis tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah dan Mineralogy Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi.  Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 6 bulan dari bulan Juni 2016 sampai November 2016.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan metode survey dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif analitik pada lahan bekas tambang yang telah ditanami vegetasi reklamasi (jabon umur 6 tahun, jambu umur 5 tahun , rambutan umur 4 tahun, dan karet umur 2 tahun).  Contoh tanah utuh diambil pada kedalaman 0-20 cm dengan menggunakan ring sample (core samplers), lalu ditutup pada kedua sisinya agar air di dalam sampel tidak mengalami penguapan selama disimpan. Pada saat bersamaan, resistensi penetrasi tanah, yakni suatu variabel yang menggambarkan besarnya hambatan penetrasi akar ke dalam tanah, diukur pada kedalaman 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 15-20 cm dengan menggunakan penetrometer. Contoh tanah utuh digunakan untuk menganalisis berat volume, porositas total, dan kadar air tanah pada kondisi lapangan, sdangkan contoh tanah komposit digunakan untuk analisis kandungan bahan organik tanah.  Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mendapatkan interval variabel kualitas tanah timbunan bekas tambang pada setiap umur vegetasi reklamasi. Interval variabel tersebut selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan tanaman pangan berdasarkan beberapa hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa revegetasi lahan paska tambang mempengaruhi kepadatan tanah.  Kepadatan tanah berkurang dengan semakin bertambah umur tanaman revegetasi yang digunakan (jabon umur 6 tahun, jambu umur 5 tahun , rambutan umur 4 tahun, dan karet umur 2 tahun).  Semakin dalam tanah kepadatan semakin meningkat, namun semakin berkurang pada tanaman yang lebih tua. Reklamasi lahan paska tambang batubara dengan tanaman jabon, jambu, rambutan dan karet mempengaruhi iklim mikro.
Larger and greener: Disentangling the industry effect on proactive environmental strategy in the Italian context
Authors: Minciullo Marco , Pedrini Matteo
Published: December 2018

This research aims to investigate the influence of the industrial context on the implementation of proactive environmental strategies in listed firms, by verifying how the industry environmental impact affects the development of proactive environmental strategies (PES). Prior research on PES identified firm size as one of the most relevant and universally accepted antecedent, but recently a new stream of research has underlined the importance of the industry context. Due to the difficulties of studying environmental issues in SMEs, extant research on the role of the environmental impact of industries on PES within SMEs is lacking. For this reason, this study investigates the influence of the industrial context on PES in SMEs, to verify how it affects PES. Beginning from the assumption that more resources imply a higher engagement in proactive environmental strategies (PES), this study verifies, through the industry-context perspective, that in environmentally critical industries, SMEs can be more proactive than large corporations. The results indicate that the adoption of PES is principally subject to the industry effect and that belonging to an industry characterised by a significant environmental impact fosters the adoption of a more proactive approach to environmental issues. The relation is confirmed for both SMEs and large firms, not only within the two categories but also transversely. Thus, this research shows that SMEs working in environmentally critical industries show significant degrees of interest, motivation, and implementation of environmental management issues. This highlights that SMEs in environmentally critical industries place relative importance on managerial implications, risk management, and compliance, are less interested in external appraisal or initiatives that require huge investments.
DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ACTIVITY BASED COSTING: ANALYSIS FROM THE NEW INSTITUTIONAL SOCIOLOGY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Aillón Humberto Silva , Rocha Welington , Marques Kelly Cristina Mucio
Published: December 2018

This study aimed at investigating, under the perspective of New Institutional Sociology, what factors led to the weakening and abandonment of Activity Based Costing in two companies. The study was based on a qualitative research method through case studies and evaluated the stages of ABC’ adoption, institutionalization stages and variables of deinstitutionalization. As a result, Beta reached the third stage and Gamma reached the second ABC adoption stage. The normative isomorphism encouraged by the recommendation of consulting firms presented a lot of importance in both companies, while the remaining isomorphism, mimetic, coercive and competitive, had smaller relevance. Neither company reached the stage of full institutionalization, reaching only the pre-institutional one. Evaluating the factors of abandonment and deinstitutionalization of ABC, the assumption with highest expression was social pressure, for not bringing informational innovation, not being a requirement of the head quarter, besides the lack of fiscal incentives. In the categorization of the critical points, ten factors were mapped to the abandonment of ABC: six factors of which are not covered by and four that reinforced the current literature. The conclusion highlights the number of findings that allowed the development of a basic structure for academics and practitioners to analyse it before incurring investments and allocation of employees who will not bring the expected financial results due to the discontinuity of the system adopted by the company.
PERSISTÊNCIA DO LUCRO TRIBUTÁVEL COM A ADOÇÃO DAS IFRS NO BRASIL
Authors: Kajimoto Clarice Gutierrez Kitamura , Nakao Sílvio Hiroshi
Published: December 2018

Esta pesquisa procura responder à questão se existe persistência do lucro tributável após adoção das IFRS no Brasil. É possível supor que o lucro tributável contém informação com a característica de persistência de resultados, porque receitas tributáveis e despesas dedutíveis tendem a se repetir em empresas com negócios em marcha, com a vantagem de não conter os accruals discricionários que podem existir no lucro contábil. Por outro lado, também é possível supor que o lucro tributável não tenha a característica de persistência de resultados, em função de este não ter como objetivo a tomada de decisão e estar sujeito a ações de planejamento tributário. Como a legislação tributária brasileira não sofreu alterações significativas em relação aos resultados que são tributáveis ou dedutíveis após a adoção das IFRS, é de se supor que o lucro tributável mantenha sua persistência, mas o Regime Tributário de Transição pode ter provocado incertezas e reduzido a persistência. A observação de lucro tributável persistente pode permitir a projeção de despesas com tributos sobre o lucro, mas também auxiliar nas projeções de lucros contábeis, pois pode apresentar menor quantidade de accruals discricionários. Para os testes, foi selecionada uma amostra de empresas com ações ordinárias listadas na BM&FBovespa durante os anos de 2004 a 2013. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de regressões múltiplas em cross-section e, do teste de Chow, sendo este utilizado de forma a verificar a robustez dos resultados. Os resultados mostram que há persistência no lucro tributável, corroborando com a literatura que mostra que esse lucro pode ser uma proxy relevante de qualidade da informação. Além disso, a persistência do lucro tributável não sofreu alteração após a adoção de IFRS. Esses resultados sugerem que a projeção de lucros tributáveis por parte dos usuários da informação com base em informação passada pode ter acurácia na previsão de fluxo de caixa futuro da empresa.
Improving Predictions of Upward Cost Adjustment and Cost Asymmetry at the Firm-Year Level
Authors: Kaspereit Thomas , Lopatta Kerstin
Published: December 2018

This study introduces a new method for predicting cost elasticity with respect to changes in sales that incorporates cost asymmetry at the firm-year level. The new method is based on widely available factors that are expected to influence cost behavior. The new method is subject to fewer data restrictions than the method proposed by Weiss (2010). By extending the cost variability and cost stickiness (CVCS) model of Banker and Chen (2006), we find that incorporating firm-year-specific proxy measures for upward cost adjustment and cost asymmetry significantly enhances earnings forecasts. However, this improvement in forecast accuracy is not reflected in contemporaneous stock returns, pointing toward a partial understanding of cost behavior by capital markets. We further find that predicted cost stickiness is associated with lower analysts' forecast accuracy and a weaker effect of earnings surprises on market reactions, confirming the results reported in Weiss (2010) for his measure of cost asymmetry.

JEL Classifications: M41; G12.
Some Technological Properties of Scotch Pine (Pinus Sylvestris Lipsky) and Eastern Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky) Woods Impregnated with Alpha-X Chemical
Authors: AYHAN Ali Talha , ÖZALP Murat
Published: December 2018

This study was performed for the purpose of determining
the technological properties of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris Lipsky) and Eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) woods impregnated with Alpha-X chemicals. The
impregnation solution was prepared at 10 % and 20 %
concentrations. Alfa-X, a flame-retardant chemical formerly applied to textiles
and laminate parquet, was used for the first time in wood work. As a result of the
combustion tests, Alfa-X reduced the initial weight loss temperature of the wood
material in both samples. However, it has completely raised the combustion temperature
gradients in both samples. It is observed that ending temperature increased in eastern
beech wood and in scotch pine wood by 117 °C and 50 °C, respectively, with increasing
the rate of Alfa-X added into impregnation solution from 0 % to 20 % at deterioration.
In addition, the bending and compression strength values ​​of the Scotch pine and
Eastern beech wood samples were also examined
“FOI GENTE BOA QUEM LINCHOU”: REPRESENTAÇÕES JORNALÍSTICAS DE UM JUSTIÇAMENTO POPULAR OCORRIDO EM UMA PERIFERIA FLUMINENSE
Authors: MONTEIRO LINDERVAL AUGUSTO
Published: December 2018

O artigo diz respeito a uma narrativa intensiva do primeiro caso de linchamento ocorrido na Baixada Fluminense (Rio de Janeiro) no período seguinte ao movimento de colonização proletária da região - algo que localizo entre as décadas de 1950 e 1980. Trata-se do linchamento de Augusto Lopes da Silva, de 64 anos, que foi amarrado a um poste da rua das Graças em Nova Iguaçu, após ser considerado ladrão por moradores do bairro em formação de Jardim Iguaçu. Augusto foi espancado por toda a noite de 18 de janeiro de 1970, sendo o caso detalhadamente exposto pelos principais periódicos cariocas nas semanas e meses seguintes e se transformando em 1976 no episódio base do filme “Crueldade Mortal”, de Luiz Paulino de Souza. Objetivo na presente pesquisa relacionar o suplício de Augusto com as formas populares de colonizar a Baixada, bem como pensar as representações presentes nos periódicos cariocas sobre a região na década de 1970.
John Hogg (1800-1869) e a descrição do quarto reino natural: Primigenum
Authors: Klepka Verônica , Corazza Maria Julia , Souza Fagner De
Published: December 2018

ResumoAté o século XIX, organismos que, por indefinição ou por falta de caracteres distintivos claros, compartilhavam características com as plantas e/ou com os animais estavam distribuídos nos reinos vegetal ou animal. Novos conhecimentos tornaram necessária a criação de um agrupamento separado.  Em 1860, o naturalista John Hogg revisa a separação feita pelo paleontólogo Richard Owen propondo modificações e a criação do quarto reino da natureza: o Primigenum, foco de debates conceituais ao longo de todo século XX até chegar ao que hoje conhecemos como Reino Protista. A tradução do trabalho de Hogg, lido para a Associação Britânica, em Oxford, no dia 28 de junho de 1860, é aqui apresentada. Palavras-Chave: Classificação biológica; Protistas; Seres Vivos.AbstractUntil the nineteenth century, organisms, of indefiniteness or lack of clear distinctive characters, shared features with the plants and / or animals were distributed in the plant and animal kingdom. New knowledge made necessary the creation of a separate grouping. In 1860, naturalist John Hogg review the separation maked for paleontologist Richard Owen proposing modifications and the creation of the fourth kingdom of nature: the Primigenum, focus of conceptual debates throughout the twentieth century to get to what we know today as the Kingdom Protist. The translation of Hogg, work read to British Association, in Oxford, on June 28, 1860, is presented here.Keywords: Biologic classification; Protists; Living Beings
ANALISIS ENERGI PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KERUPUK UDANG (Studi Kasus di PD. Sri Tanjung, Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat)
Authors: Sugandi Wahyu Kristian , Nurjanah Sarifah , Aji Reza Permana
Published: December 2018

Energi menjadi kebutuhan vital bagi berbagai aspek kehidupan terutama pada aspek agroindustri.Belum adanya analisis energi yang dilakukan di PD. Sri Tanjung sehingga dibutuhkan datapenggunaan energi pembuatan kerupuk udang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisispenggunaan energi, mensubsitusi energi langsung dalam konservasi energi, dan menentukan strategiagar meningkatkan efisiensi. Perhitungan penggunaan energi dilakukan pada setiap kegiatan prosespembuatan kerupuk udang, yakni meliputi energi manusia, energi langsung, dan energi taklangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan energi dalam proses pembuatan kerupukudang di PD.Sri Tanjung sebesar 7312,148 MJ/ton kerupuk udang. Penggunan total energi manusiasebesar 151,154 MJ/ton kerupuk udang. Penggunaan total energi langsung sebesar 1992,062 MJ/tonkerupuk udang. Penggunaan total energi tak langsung sebesar 5168,932 MJ/ton kerupuk udang.Besarnya penggunaan energi ditentukan oleh tingkat penggunaan sarana produksi dan jumlahproduksi yang dihasilkan, semakin tinggi masukan energi dalam proses produksi dan rendahnyahasil produksi yang diperoleh maka akan semakin efektif dan efisien energi yang digunakan.Kata Kunci: Analisis energi; kerupuk udang; penghematan energi
PENANGANAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN PRODUK HEWANI SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA MENJADI SABUN CAIR
Authors: Kemala Nadya Shita , Pareira Boy Macklin , Widyasanti Asri
Published: December 2018

Industri makanan merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil limbah cair. Industri makanan pada penelitian ini berada di tengah kota yang limbahnya berdampak langsung pada masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ialah melakukan proses pemisahan minyak dan lemak serta membuat sabun cair berbahan dasar minyak dan lemak limbah cair. Metode pertama yang digunakan ialah grease trap dan metode kedua ialah pemurnian dengan degumming dan deodorizing. Penggunaan metode pertama menunjukkan peningkatan dengan karakteristik BOD menjadi 5.371 mg/liter, TSS menjadi 117 mg/liter, minyak dan lemak menjadi 5,0 mg/liter, berkurangnya bau serta pH menjadi 7,44. Selanjutnya, penggunaan metode kedua dengan penambahan 2% bentonit dan 2% zeolit mendapatkan hasil kadar air 0,015%, kadar abu 0,11%, kadar protein 0,45%, kadar lemak 100% dan kadar karbohidrat 0%. Sabun cair dapat dihasilkan dengan penambahan VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) yang mampu meningkatkan pembusaan. Perbandingan penggunaan bahan utama sebesar 50:50. Hasil analisa mutu SNI 06-2048-1990 adalah alkali bebas 0,0077%, lemak tak tersabunkan 1,9808% dan minyak pelikan negatif telah memenuhi persyaratan. Namun, jumlah asam lemak tidak memenuhi persyaratan dengan nilai sebesar 7,151%. Kadar air sebesar 53,9696% tetapi tidak ada angka spesifik pada SNI untuk parameter ini. Hasil pengujian organoleptik menunjukkan panelis menyukai sabun tersebut dengan nilai rata-rata lebih tinggi dibandingkan sabun pembanding dengan interpretasi baik.Kata kunci: Limbah cair, minyak dan lemak, sabun cair
RANCANG BANGUN PEMBERI PAKAN IKAN OTOMATIS
Authors: Prijatna Dedy , Handarto Handarto , Andreas Yoshua
Published: December 2018

Pemberian pakan ikan pada sistem budidaya ikan umumnya masih dilakukan dengan caraditaburkan menggunakan tangan yang memyebabkan takaran pakan yang diberikan kurang tepat.Salah inovasi yang dilakukan adalah melalui rancang bangun alat pemberi pakan ikan otomatis.Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah melalui pendekatan perancangan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat pemberi pakan ikan otomatis dilengkapi dengan alarm sebagaipetanda pakan ikan pada hopper akan habis. Hasil pengujian alat menunjukkan ketepatanpemberian pakan secara otomatis sebesar 95,90%, ketepatan penambahan jumlah pemberian pakansebesar 99,46% dan banyaknya pellet yang hancur kurang dari 1%.Kata kunci: budidaya, ikan nila, pemberi pakan otomatis, rancang bangun, model
Allometric Relationships for Estimation of Above-Ground Biomass in Young Turkey Oak (Quercus cerris L.) Stands in Albania
Authors: Istrefi Erion , Toromani Elvin , Çollaku Nehat
Published: December 2018

The study objective was the determination of allometric relationships to estimate aboveground biomass in young Q. cerris stands growing in various sites in Albania. The equations described here are developed for Q. cerris forest stands managed as coppice. The total aboveground biomass of sampled trees varied from 10.67 to 19.71 kg with a stem diameter at 1.3 m (DBH) from 7.65 to 9.7 cm, and height from 5.26 to 7.6 m. Stem biomass comprised, on average, 69.6 %, while branch biomass was 24.3 %, and leaf biomass,6% on the total aboveground biomass of the sampled oak trees. Total aboveground biomass was predicted with the highest accuracy from linear and non-linear regression equations. Total aboveground biomass and the biomass of tree compartments were predicted with a notable accuracy from DBH where the allometric model efficiency exceeded 93%. Biomass expansion factors (BEFs) showed a stronger dependency on diameter at breast height and a weaker relationship with age. The age-dependence relationship found in our study was closely related to site productivity. The variability in aboveground biomass among sampled sites indicated that local site conditions cause this difference. These new equations for Q.cerris might be applicable in the framework of the Albanian National Forest Inventory for estimation of carbon accounting from forest ecosystems and will contribute to the sustainable management of oak forests.
Determining the change point for the error in the Macrophyte Index for Rivers
Authors: Budka Anna
Published: December 2018

The consequences of the growing demand for water include a significant deterioration in its quality and a drastic decline in biodiversity, which is a serious threat to the hydrological and biocenotic balance of freshwater ecosystems. A good indicator of aquatic environment quality is macrophytes. Studies on macrophytes are one of the primary elements in the ecological status assessment of surface waters, in accordance with the guidelines of the Water Framework Directive. In Poland, research on the ecological status of rivers with regard to macrophytes has been carried out since 2008, using the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR), which takes into account the number and coverage of macrophyte taxa. An analysis of numbers of species that need to be indicated at a site for valid assessment of the ecosystem was conducted on the basis of studies on macrophytes from 2008–2013, at 60 sites in small lowland rivers with a sandy substrate, of which 20 sites were selected on the most diverse watercourses: the least clean (quality class V), moderate (quality class III), and the cleanest (quality class I). The results of the botanical studies served to assess the completeness of the samples (the number of species recorded at a site) used to evaluate the ecological status of a river. The proposed analyses enabled estimation of the approximate number of species required to determine the MIR for rivers in each quality class.
Cloud-Based Test Tools: A Brief Comparative View
Authors: Kılınç Nergiz , Sezer Leyla , Mishra Alok
Published: December 2018

The concept of virtualization has brought life to the new methods of software testing. With the help of cloud technology, testing has become much more popular because of the opportunities it provides. Cloud technologies provides everything as a service, hence the software testing is also provided as a service on cloud with the privileges of lower cost of testing, and relatively less effort. There are various cloud-based test tools focusing on different aspects of software testing such as load tests, regression tests, stress tests, performance tests, scalability tests, security tests, functional tests, browser performance tests, and latency tests. This paper investigates the cloud-based testing tools focusing on different aspects of software testing.
How Phishing Pages Look Like?
Authors: Bartoli A. , De Lorenzo A. , Medvet E. , Tarlao F.
Published: December 2018

Recent phishing campaigns are increasingly targeted to specific, small population of users and last for increasingly shorter life spans. There is thus an urgent need for developing defense mechanisms that do not rely on any forms of blacklisting or reputation: there is simply no time for detecting novel phishing campaigns and notify all interested organizations quickly enough. Such mechanisms should be close to browsers and based solely on the visual appearance of the rendered page. One of the major impediments to research in this area is the lack of systematic knowledge about how phishing pages actually look like. In this work we describe the technical challenges in collecting a large and diverse collection of screenshots of phishing pages and propose practical solutions. We also analyze systematically the visual similarity between phishing pages and pages of targeted organizations, from the point of view of a similarity metric that has been proposed as a foundation for visual phishing detection and from the point of view of a human operator.
A Security-Oriented Analysis of Web Inclusions in the Italian Public Administration
Authors: Bartoli A. , De Lorenzo A. , Medvet E. , Faraguna M. , Tarlao F.
Published: December 2018

Modern web sites serve content that browsers fetch automatically from a number of different web servers that may be placed anywhere in the world. Such content is essential for defining the appearance and behavior of a web site and is thus a potential target for attacks. Many public administrations offer services on the web, thus we have entered a world in which web sites of public interest are continuously and systematically depending on web servers that may be located anywhere in the world and are potentially under control of other governments. In this work we focus on these issues by investigating the content included by almost 10000 web sites of the Italian Public Administration. We analyse the nature of such content, its quantity, its geographical location, the amount of dynamic variations over time. Our analyses demonstrate that the perimeter of trust of the Italian Public Administration collectively includes countries that are well beyond the control of the Italian government and provides several insights useful for implementing a centralized monitoring service aimed at detecting anomalies.
Geomorphological conditions of the location historical ironworks. A contribution to the research based on DEM analysis from LIDAR data
Authors: Rutkiewicz Paweł , Malik Ireneusz
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to present the use of the natural elements of the relief of river valleys such as changes in the width of the valley bottom, landforms occurring in the bottom of the valley, differences in height of the valley terraces as favourable for the location of the dam partitioning the bottom of the valley and creating a water reservoir for the requirements of historic metallurgical centres. The research was carried out based on DEM analysis from LiDAR data. Features were chosen in river basins with a rich metallurgical legacy. Analysis of the location of the former ironworks was carried out using Surfer 12 software. Five centres were selected due to the fact that only these are the only centres suitable for research which have survived to this day. Using the shaded relief models and contour coloured maps absolute differences in height between valley levels and other forms of relief occurring in the valley were analyzed, as well as the distribution of individual terrain forms in the designated part of the valley and changes in the width of the valley bottom were analysed in the context of the location of former metallurgical centres. On the basis of the contours of the former water reservoir visible in the valley relief, and using a surface area measurement tool (Surfer software), the range of the area that the reservoir could cover was measured. On the basis of the results obtained, it can be seen that convenient geomorphological conditions were used for the placement of selected weirs and metallurgical ponds which facilitated the damming of the valley. Natural narrowing of the valley bottom, or dunes and hills directly adjacent to the valley floor, were utilised during the construction of the dam. The rivers on which the furnace ponds were constructed are relatively small watercourses, so the weirs created by the constructors are not impressive. Their height is generally in the range of about 2 to 3 metres and their length is from about 120 to 300 metres. Nevertheless, they were effective in allowing sufficient water retention and the creation of furnace ponds with a measured area of about 4.5 ha to about 25 ha.
Environmental Kuznets Curve for CO2 emissions: An analysis for developing, Middle East, OECD and OPEC countries
Authors: Acar Yasin , Gürdal Temel , Ekeryılmaz Şebnem
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the relevance of the Environmental Kuznets Curve, which shows that there is an inverted-U shaped relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth. We investigated the relationship between per capita income and the carbon dioxide emissions as indicators of environmental pollution in Developing Countries, OECD, Middle East and OPEC countries for the period of 1970-2016. The contribution of our study is the evaluation and comparison of Developing Countries, OECD, Middle East and OPEC countries together in the context of EKC. We employ the fixed effect and GMM techniques in this study and results obtained from cubic models indicate that the N-shaped relationship for Developing, Middle East countries and OECD countries and inverted N-shaped relationship for OPEC countries exist. Considering these conclusions, we draw some serious policy implications for the policy makers in these countries. Governments should closely follow the industries that generate CO2 emissions as after some point environmental degradation increases again as income increases. In addition adopting clean energies including wind and solar systems and making these technologies widespread across countries might reduce CO2 emissions. Another alternative way to reduce CO2 emissions might be a carbon tax which should be implemented for polluters.
Genotypic effect on fruit production and quality, antioxidant content and elemental composition of organically grown Physalis angulata L. and Physalis pubescens L.
Authors: Golubkina Nadezhda A. , Kekina Helene G. , Engalichev Mezar R. , Antoshkina Marina S. , Caruso Gianluca
Published: December 2018

Research was carried out in northern Europe (Russia) with the purpose of assessing the yield, quality, biologically active compounds and elemental composition of Physalis angulata and Physalis pubescens fruits. P. angulata cultivars ‘Konditer’ and ‘Konditer 2’ gave the highest yield and mean fruit weight (11.2 t ha−1 and 75 g, on average), whereas P. pubescens variety Zolotaya Rossip had the worst outcome as it produced the smallest berries (3 g). ‘Zolotaya Rossip’ fruits attained the highest values of dry matter and soluble solids, while ‘Violet’ and ‘Korolek’ the highest polyphenol and ascorbic acid concentrations, respectively. Organic acid composition of Physalis fruits revealed high varietal differences and predominant accumulation of tartaric and malic acids. Positive correlations were recorded between dry matter and polyphenols, as well as between Fe and Mn, but an adverse correlation between Si and Cd content. Physalis fruits showed to be a good source of beneficial compounds for human beings, such as polyphenols and ascorbic acid, as well as mineral nutrients, i.e. K, Mg, P, B, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Si, V and Zn.
Introduction to diplomatic Sciences (handbook and glossary).
Authors: Figus Alessandro
Published: December 2018

This is a work between a very short introduction and handbook to understand what diplomacy is and to study it. The author introduces diplomacy to start form historical perspective and to provide significant examples to illustrate the art of diplomacy in action. Diplomacy has evolved greatly, coming to mean diverse things, to different persons, at several time, reaching from the sophisticated to inelegant and ordinary. this paper presents the first attempts to measure student learning quantitatively by administering a pre-test, post-test survey supplemented by a glossary of diplomatic terms.
Intercultural education and social contentment
Authors: Spulber Diana
Published: December 2018

With the incremented mass movement the society is in a significant transformation, this fact can be a risk for social unrest. Demographic evolution and change of the society stress the challenges for the institutions. The school represent one of the institutions where future citizens are educated and formed. The classroom is a mirror of the society in change. Today the school is a place of meeting of different cultures; we have more and more multicultural classes with pupils from different countries. The proposed work will analyse how intercultural education can influence the risk of social unrest and improve social contentment. In particular, will be stressed the concept of how the education of intercultural competences can allow the future adults to participate in a constructive and effective way to social and professional life.

Method: empirical analysis of literature and research done in the field of intercultural education analysis of the current situation through the ecological model of Brofenbrenner with a specific focus on micro and mesosystem and correlation between all ecosystems.