bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Toolkits to Improve Students' Skills in Advocacy
Authors: Hall Nicole , Seldomridge Lisa , Allen Kim
Published: May 2022

Background:

Advocacy is widely recognized as a nursing responsibility. Speaking up, a form of advocacy, is known to benefit patient safety and quality of care yet research shows that nurses are hesitant to speak up and face multiple barriers when deciding to do so.

Method:

A toolkit that included web-based learning modules and simulation experience with a standardized patient was developed to enhance advocacy skills in baccalaureate nursing students. Student perceptions of the efficacy of this approach were used to revise and improve toolkit materials.

Results:

There were 131 participants over four semesters. Students reported the toolkit helped them understand how to use advocacy skills (87%), allowed them to use critical thinking (97%), and practice advocacy (94%).

Conclusion:

Educational experiences like this promote development of students' advocacy skills in a safe environment and can be used to bridge the gap between expectation and practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(10):599–602.]
Free boundary problems for the local-nonlocal diffusive model with different moving parameters
Authors: Zhang Heting , Li Lei , Wang Mingxin
Published: May 2022

This paper concerns a class of local and nonlocal diffusion systems with double free boundaries possessing different moving parameters. We firstly obtain the existence, uniqueness and regularity of global solution and then prove that its dynamics are governed by a spreading-vanishing dichotomy. Then the sharp criteria for spreading and vanishing are established. Of particular importance is that long-time behaviors of solution in this problem are quite rich under the Lotka-Volterra type competition, prey-predator and mutualist growth conditions. Moreover, we also provide rough estimates of spreading speeds when spreading happens.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Artificial Reefs
Authors: G. Prasad , Kulkarni S. Sripad , P. S. Shankar , C. RakeshKumar , G. Balaji
Published: May 2022

The artificial reef is a vital submerged structure used to improve marine biological conditions and fishery resources. An artificial reef, with its different designs and structures, reshapes the local flow field by creating upwelling flow, decelerating flow, and back eddy. The shift in flow might result in nutrient exchange in the water and an increase in local primary production. Artificial reefs have been built all around the world, but there is no standardised technique for determining the effect range of an artificial reef.
Theorizing My Journey as a Latina Teacher and Scholar
Authors: Rodriguez Sanjuana Carrillo
Published: May 2022

Drawing on pedagogies of the home and funds of knowledge, this chapter describes the journey of a Latinx teacher using written testimonio from childhood, teaching in K-12 schools, to working as a faculty member. Each stage of her journey offers a unique testimonio about the challenges and experiences of that stage. The chapter provides lesson learned based on the experiences that are discussed through the testimonios.
The Importance of Professional Learning Organizations
Authors: Yurkewecz-Stellato Thea
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores the multiple complexities that many novice educators face as they navigate teaching in a K-12 setting and pursuing higher education degrees. Specifically, the exploration and involvement in professional learning organizations. The goal of this personal reflection is intended to remind readers how critical it is that we mentor and encourage the teacher leaders of tomorrow early in their careers. Research in the field of education highlights the importance of professional learning and leadership and the involvement of educators in professional organizations and committees. Many classroom teachers become involved in extended networks beyond their school communities and take on leadership positions and responsibilities. This chapter contributes to the need for research to examine the design, involvement, and effectiveness of professional learning organizations to support and retain teachers.
A Never Ending Journey Towards Balance
Authors: Spinner Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

This chapter is a narrative of the author's experience as a mother and a teacher transitioning from public school teaching to the higher education classroom. It explores the identity developments and shifts during this transition. The narrative suggests that achieving balance during this journey might be never ending but can be successful and filled with joy by doing fulfilling work, taking time to celebrate achievements, and reflecting on the process. By focusing on these elements during her own journey, she has been refreshed and her teaching is energized. Through this chapter, she hopes to share this story and encourage others on similar journeys.
Enhancing the Disciplinary Literacy Vocabulary of Black Early Readers
Authors: Martinez Zwila , Page Larkin
Published: May 2022

This investigation suggests that children should be comprehensively assessed in early foundational components including vocabulary. With this knowledge, teachers can apply the appropriate methods and strategies that support that target vocabulary. Findings can inform teachers of vocabulary interventions including strategies that enhance the foundational knowledge and usage of prior knowledge, vocabulary strategies, and building self-esteem and confidence. The data also can help teachers create an instructional program that utilizes explicit vocabulary instruction and vocabulary usage including Latin affixes.
Using Multicultural Picturebook Biographies to Implement Culturally Relevant Curriculum and Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Across K-8 Grade Levels
Authors: Bintz William Paul , Chaghervand Shabnam M.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this chapter is three-fold. One, it discusses how multicultural picture book biographies can be a valuable resource to develop CRC. Two, it describes how teachers can use this curriculum with research-based instructional strategies to implement CRP across major content areas (English/Language Arts, Social Studies, Science, Mathematics) and grade levels (K-8). Three, it shares a variety of professional literature and other online resources that teachers and teacher educators can use to deepen and broaden their knowledge on CRC and CRP across grade levels and content areas. It is organized in seven sections including rationale, culturally relevant curriculum, culturally responsive pedagogy, multicultural literature, multicultural picture book biographies, instructional strategies, and final thoughts.
Navigating Marginalization Through a Motivational Weapon and Resilience
Authors: Adah Philomena
Published: May 2022

This study examines the experience of female education in Northern and North Central Nigeria, South Sudan, South Africa, and the United States. Through empirical reports, articles, journals, and participants' practical experience, this study adopts a qualitative methodology comprising educational system information in the three Sub-Saharan countries and the United States. It explains how gender disparity and exclusive socioeconomic and sociocultural policies impede female education. It examines females from the United States, South Africa, and South Sudan who have shown resilience in overcoming obstacles of slavery, racism, apartheid, patriarchy, poverty, and war to encourage the higher academic pursuit of Idoma girls in Benue State, North Central Nigeria. The study shows that despite policies that have generated varying mechanisms to incorporate marginalized female students in school systems, deep inequalities persist and are palpable in the academic achievement data of female students.
Understanding Historical Background of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Realizing Social Media as a New Horizon in CSR Communication
Authors: Yiğit Melis Kaytaz , Kirezli Özge
Published: May 2022

With globalizing world, formal and the dimensional structure of market competition has been changing dramatically. In such a rapidly changing environment, companies should not just meet unlimited consumer needs, but also adopt a certain social responsibility philiosophy towards the society. In that sense, corporate social responsibility is one of the important concepts that play a role in formation of positive perceptions of the target groups. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the changing nature of corporate social responsibility (CSR) over years, and also find the effect of social media on communicating corporate social responsibility. In that sense, firstly the need for CSR is to be discussed in different perspectives. Alternative definitions are provided over years to sense the evolving nature of the concept. Then in the last part, new media and social media's impact on CSR, as of benefits/challenges provided and alternative social media tools to be used in communication, are discussed.
Corporate Social Responsibility Values in Transforming Societies
Authors: Lang Rainhart , Rybnikova Irma
Published: May 2022

The focus of the chapter is on corporate social values of managers as one important basis, and explanation of the functioning of CSR concepts in CEE organizations. The analysis is based on theoretical concepts explaining the relationship between the national and institutional context, corporate values of managers, and CSR activities, like “upper echelon theory,” which consider managerial action as a direct or indirect expression of the individual values of top managers. The situation in transforming societies in CEE countries can be well-described using the concept of situational strength. The empirical findings, with data from the GLOBE-CEO project from 129 firms in East Germany, Estonia, and Romania, show specific country-based combinations of corporate social values in the companies studied, with strategic orientation in East Germany, shareholder focus and a relatively strong religious orientation in Romania, and an orientation on shareholders as well as on employees and community in Estonia.
An Entrepreneur Sees the Reward
Authors: Ünal Zeynep Merve
Published: May 2022

The aim of this chapter is to advance the understanding of how social entrepreneurs analyze and apply intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility within their companies. From the extensive literature review, the broad definitions of intellectual capital, and corporate social responsibility, the measurement models and the management of intellectual capital and the development process of corporate social responsibility were identified. Modern, socio-economic, philanthropic, and classical views were taken into consideration to explain corporate social responsibility in detail. In order to develop holistic understanding, the relationship between intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility on the basis of entrepreneur were analyzed. The understanding of the intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility in companies were shown by theoretical framework of resource-based view, dynamic capabilities, stakeholder theory, and legitimacy theory.
Factors That Influence the tourists' or Potential Tourists' Intention to Visit and the Contribution to the Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy for Eco-Tourism
Authors: Lai P.C.
Published: May 2022

This article shared the Kuala Kubu Bharu-Fraser's Hill areas and activities of the eco-tourism corporate social responsibility strategy in Malaysia. It describes the factors that influence the tourists' or potential tourists' intention to visit as well as focuses on the enjoyment element as an adaptation and extension to the Theory of Reasonable Action and Stimulus Research Model. The empirical results from the quantitative analysis suggest that enjoyment, attitude as well as social norm are significant factors that contribute to influence the tourists' or potential tourists' intention to visit. With the growth of the eco-tourism industry globally, there is a greater call for corporate social responsibility strategy by organizations. Thus, this article discusses the potential of eco-tourism for corporate social responsibility green business. It is vital to emphasize the customer expectation and the business corporate social responsibility for the sustainability development of the eco-tourism locality.
The Influential Factors of CSR and the Future of CSR in China
Authors: Li Xiaokang , Chang Victor
Published: May 2022

This article conducts statistical analysis on the level of social responsibility of Chinese enterprises and the internal, and the external factors which influence it. The factors include the scale of enterprises, innovation capacity, export intensity, financial performance, product competitive, government intervention, and legal environment, etc. The results show that those factors, such as export behavior, innovation capacity and financial status have strong influence on the level of companies' social responsibility. Based on those results, there are some suggestions to improve the CSR in China to make citizens' quality of life better.
Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility on the Web
Authors: Atlı Dinçer , Vidović Maja , Omazić Mislav Ante
Published: May 2022

The main focus of this article is to thoroughly examine the practice of virtual corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication of the best multinational companies in the world. By distinguishing the benchmarks for CSR communication in this fast-growing area of online CSR communication, we are aiming to provide tools for easier analysis of the best practices and a more widespread adoption of those best practices by other organizations. The empirical analysis focuses on the aspects of the pyramid of CSR. For the topic coding, five categories were differentiated: society, environment, employees, sponsoring and volunteerism. The analysis focused on reports from five consecutive years (2010 to 2014) in order to recognize a trend.
The Strategic View and Development of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Chang Victor , Zhang Weishuang , Xiong Chang
Published: May 2022

At present, scholarly research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) is one of the hot issues in strategy since CSR is related to taking responsibility for stakeholders under the condition of maximizing the interests of company's stockholders. Taking the view of the Chinese market, this concept has been important and numerous local enterprises and multi-corporations have made actions and progress in this area for strategy. This article is focused on the case study of the Samsung company, which further investigates how well the firm performs in practicing CSR in the Chinese market and how consumers perceive its CSR activities. Samsung with local Chinese tactics combines the strategies of its firm in order to strengthen the company's competition and reputation in society. Furthermore, managers of Samsung have also been interviewed to ascertain how they deal with social responsibility. In order to identify the impacts of CSR activities, 365 valid questionnaires collected. Finally, the data analysis and recommendations for Samsung have been discussed in detail. The finding shows that first, the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 accidents with fire and explosion have negative influenced people's purchase intentions of its other phone series. Second, Samsung's social responsibility activities are beneficial to the firm's reputation and the company should promote customer rights visible to consumers and the society. It is interesting to point out that Samsung's corporate social responsibility activities have positive influences in customers' willingness-to-pay for its phones have been overturned in this case study. Implementing CSR activities is important to the firm's strategy.
Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Nour Abdulnaser Ibrahim , Sharabati Abdel-Aziz Ahmad , Hammad Khitam Mahmoud
Published: May 2022

Developed countries are increasingly concerned about the relationship between corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure while developing countries recently started to take care of this issue. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to examine the effect of the board mechanisms of corporate governance on the extent of social responsibility disclosure of Jordanian public industrial companies during the period (2010 to 2014). In this research, descriptive statistics are used to study variables, both correlation matrix and collinearity diagnostic are used to test whether multicollinearity problem exists. Finally, OLS regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses of the study. The results show that the extent of social responsibility disclosure is positively affected by board size and percentage of women on board, negatively affected by duality and board average age. Board meetings and board composition are insignificant to social responsibility disclosure. The study faces several limitations where the measurement of corporate social responsibility requires human judgment, which is subjective and ambiguous. Furthermore, the study sample was limited to industrial companies. Understanding the relationship between CG and CSR is very important because the CG mechanism is an obligation to protect and improve social, economic, and environment, as well as the welfare of society. CSR elements should be included within the companies' vision, mission, strategies and daily practices to maximize the shareholder value.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Emerging Economies
Authors: Khatun Ayesha , Dar Sajad Nabi
Published: May 2022

India, a developing and the second largest populated country in the world after China, is characterized by many burning issues like unemployment, low literacy, lack of modern medical facilities mainly in rural areas, lack of connectivity of the rural areas with the mainland cities, and the like. Although government has been working on all these issues and has been very much successful, it is not possible for the government alone to solve all the issues in such a vast populated country in a desired period of time. Amidst such situation, it is the corporate sector that can play a bigger role in the development of the society through its CSR initiatives. This chapter attempts to study corporate social responsibility, its role and issues in a developing country with special reference to India. The findings show that lack of understanding, inadequately trained personnel, lack of proper policy making, lack of participation of the local people, and so on affects the reach and effectiveness of CSR programs in India.
Corporate and Financial Social Leadership in Emerging Markets and the Developing World
Authors: Puaschunder Julia M.
Published: May 2022

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) attributes economic, legal, social, and philanthropic responsibilities within the corporate sector. Sustainable financial social responsibility is primarily addressed by socially responsible investment (SRI). This chapter addresses the concepts of CSR and SRI in emerging markets and the developing world with special attention to top-down and bottom-up approaches. Theoretical descriptions discuss the human constituents of responsibility and the international emergence of CSR, with special attention to multi-stakeholder partnerships. The rise of SRI in the international arena in the wake of stakeholder activism and intrinsic socio-psychological motives are outlined. Recommendations target ingraining social responsibility in economic systems by global governance, multi-stakeholder management, and governmental assistance of the implementation and administration of corporate and financial social responsibility.
Corporate Social Responsibility and the Local Community Effect
Authors: Diez-Vial Isabel , Belso-Martínez Jose Antonio , López-Sanchez MªJosé
Published: May 2022

The objective of the chapter is to take a multilevel perspective to better understand how CSR practices are developed inside a cluster. The authors aim to describe how CSR practices are developed comparing both firm's characteristics (e.g., innovative capacity, marketing innovation, international activities) and local interactions inside the cluster. In particular, they evaluate how internal dynamics of the cluster, defined by the networks of relationships that are developed with supporting organizations, along with leading firms in the cluster, shape a new institutional framework that locally legitimates CSR practices.
Youth Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Amoroso Donald , Roman Francisco Limcaoco
Published: May 2022

This research assesses the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as it affects the perception of millennials regarding the socially responsible corporation that, in turn may influence their intention to purchase. The findings show that loyalty and trust appear stronger among older-age consumers than among the younger-age consumers, but both loyalty and authenticity are strong indicators of continuance intention. Younger-age consumers clearly analyzed authenticity to build trust and advocacy, whereas older-age consumer built trust with clearly communicated awareness of CSR initiatives. The managerial implications clearly highlight the importance of awareness for older-age consumers while authenticity was important for younger-age consumers. This offers opportunities for further development on the behavior of the two categoriews of consumers as well as strategies for practitioners to employ CSR to influence continuous purchases.
Impact of Employees' Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Fatima Tahniyath
Published: May 2022

Perceived reality plays a more prominent role in shaping one's attitudes and behaviors than the actual reality itself. Research on perceived corporate social responsibility (PCSR) has gained interest and this research study examines the specific relationship of PCSR with a discretionary behavioral construct, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Building upon social theories such as the social identity theory, social exchange theory, social learning theory, and social attribution theory, a conceptual framework is proposed that identifies the impact of internal and external moderators on the PCSR-OCB relationship. Through proposing the impact of external moderators, the researcher aims to bring in objectivity when assessing PCSR, a subjective construct. Further contributions to research and practitioners are highlighted and future avenues for research are discussed.
Corporate Social Responsibility and COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Gigauri Iza
Published: May 2022

The paper aims to clarify the implications of COVID-19 on corporate social responsibility (CSR). The research outlines an important role of CSR during the crisis and examines the pandemic impact on CSR practice of a company. The paper attempts to address the gap in the literature by considering CSR as a response strategy to uncertainties, pandemics, and crises. The study proposes how to adapt to the new normal applying CSR and examines the role of CSR in navigating through ambiguities. The paper analyzes the response to the pandemic crisis in terms of CSR and investigates the CSR approach of companies in Georgia. A semi-structured interview method was applied to collect primary data from companies implementing CSR activities. The novelty of the research results highlights the significance of strategic CSR practice during the pandemic to overcome challenges countries and societies are facing around the world. It contributes to the field of CSR management in times of pandemic and suggests future studies in this area.
The Effect of Corporate Sustainability Practices on Financial Performance
Authors: Gok Ibrahim Yasar , Ozdemir Ozan , Unlu Bugra
Published: May 2022

In this chapter, the impact of corporate sustainability practices (CSP) on corporate financial performance (CFP) is investigated in terms of Turkish manufacturing industry. In this context, 16 sustainable companies vs. 21 control companies in 2016 and 16 sustainable companies vs. 24 control companies in 2017 are examined. Thirty-seven financial performance variables within seven groups are used, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test is applied. In 2016, four out of seven significant variables point out that sustainable companies perform better than control sample; however, in 2017, three out of four significant variables indicate the opposite. Therefore, the results are mixed, and it is concluded that implementing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria do not have a noticeable positive effect on financial performances of manufacturing industry companies, at least in the short-term.
Customer Relationships Management for Improved Productivity
Authors: Smith Alan D.
Published: May 2022

Customer relationship management (CRM) is a core business strategy for most organizations. In today's global economy, it is essential for organizations to find ways of increasing their productivity. This article discusses the operations management's decision of customer relationships management. It is vital for a business to motivate its employees and use the best strategies to facilitate customer relations. The CRM-enabled strategy focuses on two organizations in the NE Ohio area: Progressive Corporation and KeyCorp Bank. The structure of this chapter is reflective of the qualitative business case study using best practices. Initially, a description of the companies' current strategies and software that promotes CRM is followed by some of its major strategic initiatives to foster the development of CRM. This basic case study approach aims to provide an understanding of the transitions, challenges, and the implementation of CRM in these organizations.
The Role of Corporate Sustainability on Firm Value
Authors: Abdioglu Nida
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the role of listing in sustainability index on the firm values of Borsa Istanbul firms. Furthermore, the interaction effects of some firm specific characteristics on firm value are investigated. Firstly, the impact of each firm specific characteristics, and mainly sustainability dummy, on firm value is analysed. It is found that firms that are listed in BIST Sustainability Index have higher firm values. Secondly, the interaction terms with sustainability dummy and each firm-specific characteristic are created. It is concluded that, among the firms listed in BIST sustainability index, firms with higher leverage ratios, lower current ratios, lower price to equity ratios, lower asset turnover ratios, and lower tangibility ratios have higher firm values.
Influence of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility on Employee Retention With Special Reference to the Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando A. G. N. K. , Sutha Jayaranjani
Published: May 2022

Employee retention is emerging as a critical issues impact on the competitive advantage. Internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been creating so much attention in the minds of employees during the recent years. Thus, the chapter is based on three objectives: First, it explores the relationship between internal CSR and employee retention. Second, it identifies how intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between internal CSR and employee retention. Finally, it determines the internal CSR activities which the apparel industry should pay more attention to in order to better employee retention. Primary data were collected by using questionnaires, and the results of the study indicated that there is a positive relationship between internal CSR and employee retention. Moreover, intrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between the internal CSR and employee retention. The findings of the study identify the internal CSR activities which the apparel industry should pay more attention to in order to develop retention programs in the future.
A Critical Look at Social Reporting Evolution
Authors: Castilla-Polo Francisca
Published: May 2022

This study analyzes the evolution of social reporting. After reviewing the literature on this topic and the main initiatives, reports, and standards, three stages can be distinguished: early moments, middle course, and current situation. All these stages have a coinciding concern that is accountability, but a very different way of putting it into practice. As the main conclusion, accountability continues to be the main objective of social reporting because companies understand the need to attend to stakeholders' demands in line with the stakeholder theory. However, voluntariness seems to give way to a regulatory horizon that allows the information received by these groups to be more relevant and reliable according to Directive 2014/95/EU for Non-Financial Information as a benchmark example of the social case in an international sphere. This contribution can help accounting regulators to address the immediate future of social reporting because understanding the past is a key to approaching the future.
The Nature of Cyberbullying Among Youths
Authors: Wright Michelle F.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to examine cyberbullying among children and adolescents, referred to as “youths” throughout the article. An extension of traditional bullying, cyberbullying is a form of bullying which takes place by means of electronic technologies, such as email, instant messaging, Facebook, and text messaging through mobile devices. Drawing on research from a variety of disciplines, such as psychology, education, social work, sociology, and computer science, this article is organized into nine sections. The article will draw on multidisciplinary qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-design research methodologies from psychology, sociology, social work, and criminology. Furthermore, this article reviews literature utilizing cross-sectional, longitudinal, qualitative, and quantitative research methodologies to describe cyberbullying.
Topical Issues on Cyberbullying Prevention
Authors: Marzano Gilberto
Published: May 2022

Cyberbullying represents an actual risk, especially for the online generation which is continuously connected and socialize through the internet. This article presents and comments on some cyberbullying issues (e.g. relative anonymity of perpetrators and repetition of bullying acts) and is devoted to educators engaged in cyberbullying prevention. The first step for cyberbullying prevention is the knowledge acquisition of what cyberbullying is and how it occurs within a specific context. This is not an easy task since cyberbullying is a complex and creep new phenomenon, so much that researchers' opinion is often divided on its definition and there isn't agreement on many aspects concerning it.
Assessment and Civility
Authors: Cline Benjamin J.
Published: May 2022

Civility in computer-mediated communication, especially in the computer-mediated classroom, has been a topic of numerous inquiries. For this reason, teaching of the means and reasons for civil computer-mediated communication has become increasingly necessary. To accomplish this, the chapter will explore past research which indicates major sources of incivility that have emerged in computer-mediated culture. The chapter will then argue that civil discourse is also the most effective and useful form of discourse and show that needs to be communicated to students. This chapter then offers concrete means of teaching civility in computer-mediated communication by teaching civility as tied to the rhetorical concept of ethos already taught in the Public Speaking class.
Encountering New Risks in Educating Children in the Contemporary Society
Authors: Atalay Selin
Published: May 2022

This chapter assesses the phenomenon of cyberbullying as a risk involved in educating children in the contemporary world. While online technologies become a vital part of teenagers' worlds, cyberbullying is becoming a significant problem. In this chapter, cyberbullying is regarded as a social issue that builds on the existing social structures and hierarchies inherent in societies. A sociological perspective is used in analyzing bullying and cyberbullying in relation to power, various forms of capital, and the gender order. The discussion also takes a critical stance and focus on technology as a social construct. Cyberbullying studies conducted in Turkey, which is defined as a ‘lower use, some risk' country for children and prevention strategies against cyberbullying will also be subject to analysis in this chapter. This discussion proposes that a sociological analysis of the underlying mechanisms will be useful in establishing a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of cyberbullying as a social issue.
Disruptions to the Workplace Exploring the Policies and Legal Cases of Online Sexual Harassment
Authors: Scarduzio Jennifer Ann , Walker Christina S.
Published: May 2022

Online sexual harassment, also called cybersexual harassment, has proliferated as the rise of technology and social media has also increased. One particular issue that impacts victims' decisions is that many organizations do not have policies—or at least clear policies—regarding the consequences for perpetrator behavior. Thus, the purpose of this chapter is to explore the policies, legal implications, and example cases of online sexual harassment for employee victims who are harassed by their coworkers and to also detail how organizations have responded in the past. Furthermore, the authors highlight specific example policies that some organizations have in place as well as describe how organizations could (or should) respond to online harassment situations.
Combating the Exploitation of Children in Cyberspace
Authors: El-Bably Amar Yasser
Published: May 2022

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have developed at an increasingly fast rate over the last two decades. Recent rapid advances in ICTs have provided both children and adults with benefits and opportunities in terms of socialization, education, and entertainment. In particular, the development of ICTs has provided children and adolescents using the internet and associated technologies with new spaces to interact and form social relationships with others, such as chatrooms, peer-to-peer (P2P) websites, and social networking sites.
Description and Initial Analysis of Cyberbullying Dataset
Authors: Ptaszynski Michal E. , Masui Fumito
Published: May 2022

In this chapter, the authors focus on datasets used in cyberbullying detection research. They describe and compare several datasets applied in previous research and describe in detail the dataset that they decided to apply in their research. They also perform an initial analysis of the dataset to find various characteristics. They preprocess the dataset in several ways for further use and perform affect analysis to find out whether emotion-related features tend to be characteristic for cyberbullying. Based on the results of affect analysis, they also perform an initial attempt to classify cyberbullying data using a simple machine learning approach, which will be considered as a baseline in forthcoming chapters.
Communication on Social Network Sites
Authors: Otieno Denish Ouko , Kirigha Faith Halima , Akwala Alfred Okoth
Published: May 2022

Facebook is regarded as a popular social network in Kenya more so among the youth besides other sites like Instagram and Twitter. A study conducted by World Wide Web Foundation revealed that more than one in every five women in Kenya have experienced cyberbulling. Such study results justifies that the internet is rife with harassment with more women bearing the brunt as compared to men. The main objective of the study was to establish forms of cyber-bullying among young women between 25 to 35 years old on Facebook platform. It was established that unwanted trolls, doxing, and sexual harassment were the dominant cyberbullying trends on Facebook among young women in Kenya with men being the highest perpetrators of cyberbullying than women. It was also established that there is lack of awareness among young women on Facebook Safety, which is a resource developed by Facebook for reporting inappropriate content and help protect people who may be feeling self-injury due to cyberbullying on Facebook.
Stress, Coping, and Social Media Use
Authors: Demirtepe-Saygili Dilek
Published: May 2022

Social media has become a part of people's lives and many psychological processes are suggested to be related with social media use. This chapter examines social media use from a stress and coping perspective. Social media can be a stressor for users with the content of posts they see, with a fear of negative evaluation, as an unhealthy attachment to social media accounts, and as a result of cyberbullying. Social media use can also be a problem-focused coping as a source of information, an emotion-focused coping as a distraction, and a source of social support. Lastly, it can be a predictor or a part of well-being as well as a moderator or mediator between coping and well-being. After elaborating on social media use as a part of the coping process, implications for research and practice are discussed. The key points from a coping viewpoint are specified for users, parents, teachers, and professionals. While problematic use of social media can be part of dysfunctional coping and a worse well-being, healthy use can help individuals deal with stresses and lead to a better well-being.
The Meaning, Prevalence, and Outcomes of Cyberbullying in the Workplace
Authors: Kowalski Robin M. , Robbins Chelsea E.
Published: May 2022

The increased reliance on information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the workplace, while producing many positive outcomes, may also expose workers to cyberbullying. To date, much of the extant research on cyberbullying has focused on middle and high school youth; however, cyberbullying is not limited to a particular age demographic or setting. Unlike face-to-face workplace bullying, workplace cyberbullying may be brought into the workplace or carried home from the workplace. The current chapter defines cyberbullying, including how it differs from related constructs such as cyber incivility and cyber aggression. The chapter then reports prevalence rates of workplace cyberbullying, followed by a discussion of antecedents and consequences of cyberbullying exposure. Prevention and intervention goals in the workplace are also discussed as employers are now being tasked with tackling this issue in the workplace.
Social Media Bullying in the Workplace
Authors: Herron Marcia Marie
Published: May 2022

Research has identified the prevalence and characteristics of workplace bullying, yet little research has specifically considered workplace cyberbullying. Therefore, in the present study, 49 employees across U.S. workplaces completed online surveys about workplace cyberbullying. Findings suggested that cyberbullying occurred across ethnicities and ages and more frequently reported by women. Women were also more often cyberbullying perpetrators. Cyberbullying persisted from a few days, 43%, to more than a year, 22%. Most reported bullying by more than one coworker, M = 2.41 (6.27), yet only in one workplace. Most victims had no warning signs that cyberbullying would arise. Many reported substantially decreased motivation and productivity from the cyberbullying. Despite known best preventive practices and costs of workplace bullying, most workers believed their companies lacked clear steps for reporting cyberbullying; of those who reported, most felt unsafe doing so, and many, 43%, indicated that reporting did not stop the cyberbullying.
Welcome to Academia, Expect Cyberbullying
Authors: Snyder-Yuly Julie L. , Patton Tracey Owens , Gomez Stephanie L.
Published: May 2022

Academic contrapower harassment occurs when those with less perceived power harass someone with more power. Cyberbullying as contrapower occurs when students express varying levels of incivility and bullying through assorted online mediums such as email, online evaluations, or social media sites. This project examines the experiences of three faculty women with different racial/ethnic backgrounds, age differences, years in the academy, and at different levels within their career, and explores the connection between sexism and racism that persist in academic settings. Experiencing varying levels of cyberbullying the authors have found departments, administration, and universities fail to provide training or policies to protect faculty from student bullying behaviors. The concept of hegemonic civility is used to illustrate how the actions of students and inaction of administrators uphold the hegemonic order.
Cyberbullying in Relation to Empathy and Friendship Quality
Authors: Yuliawanti Redita , Adiyanti Maria Goretti
Published: May 2022

Personal characteristics, friendship, culture, and flexibility of the use of technology are specific factors that contribute to cyberbullying. This study aims to explore the characteristics of cyberbullying and examine whether empathy and friendship qualities contribute to the tendency of cyberbullying among adolescents in Indonesia. The method used were qualitative and quantitative phases with the indigenous approach. Subjects were adolescents within the age range of 14 to 18 years. Qualitative data was collected by interviews and FGD from the 18 subjects. The results showed that cyberbullying is an intimidating behavior. The lack of empathy and poor friendship quality characterize the qualitative findings. Next, the quantitative data was obtained from 553 subjects by filling cyberbullying tendencies, empathy, and friendship quality scales. The results showed that empathy and friendship quality have a negative contribution on cyberbullying tendencies. Thus, empathy and friendship quality are factors that prevent the development of cyberbullying behavior in adolescents.
Cyberstalking Victimization and Perpetration Among Young Adults
Authors: Kalaitzaki Argyroula
Published: May 2022

Cyberstalking is becoming more common among young adults. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) the prevalence, behaviours, and tactics of both victims and perpetrators of cyberstalking among a sample of Greek undergraduate students; (2) the correlates of victimization and perpetration of cyberstalking to personality, attachment style, and relating to others; and (3) the impact of cyberstalking on victims' mental health. Results showed that 23.9% of the students were victims and 9% were perpetrators, with females, disproportionately experiencing and inflicting cyberstalking. Negatively close relating (i.e., intrusive and possessive relating) increased the risk of perpetration, whereas relating to others distantly (suspicious and avoidant relating) decreased the risk of victimization. Agreeableness decreased the risk of perpetration. Mother's affectionless control increased the risk of both perpetration and victimization, and mother's neglectful parenting increased the risk of perpetrating cyberstalking. Fear, anxiety, and depression were reported by the victims.
Preventing Cyberbullying and Online Harassment
Authors: Nerren Jess
Published: May 2022

The prevention of online harassment and cyberbullying is an important priority in offices, schools, businesses, and society-at-large. As the world becomes more connected, there is the unfortunate opportunity for harassment and bullying to occur in online environments. Sometimes this is related to offline interactions and sometimes it is solely online. Online harassment and bullying is an unethical and sometimes illegal behavior, which will be discussed in this chapter through the lens of interpretivism and using cognitive dissonance theory and spiral of silence theory. In addition, there are opportunities to proactively take action, which can reduce the likelihood of our online connections turning into harassing environments.
Trolling in the Cultural and Creative Industries
Authors: Mendonca Avina , D'Cruz Premilla , Noronha Ernesto
Published: May 2022

This chapter presents an international state-of-the-art literature review of abusive trolling experienced by workers in the creative and cultural industries (CCIs), bringing target experiences and organizational/occupational perspectives to the forefront and contributing to the still-evolving understanding of trolling. The abusive trolling encountered by creative and cultural workers essentially reflects workplace cyberbullying at the interpersonal level stemming from external sources, as captured by D'Cruz and Noronha's ‘varieties of workplace bullying' framework, and provides evidence for the category-based cyber abuse at the workplace. Apart from discussing the responses of creative and cultural workers to abusive trolling, interventions employed to manage trolling in the CCIs are reviewed and future research directions are forwarded.
A Survey on Emerging Cyber Crimes and Their Impact Worldwide
Authors: Gangwar Suraj , Narang Vinayak
Published: May 2022

The number of cybercrime cases have increased exponentially in the last couple of years. With each passing year, the cybercrimes become more diverse and cyber criminals become more sophisticated. The explosion of connectivity in addition to growth of the cloud services and internet of things have given cyber criminals more potential targets and discovery of new avenues of attack. Today's cyber criminals target elections, industrial control system, and cause digital wildfires. In the future, they may even target human life. “Global Risks 2018” report reveals that cybercrimes are increasing both in prevalence and disruptive potential and predicts them as one of the top five global risks. This article gives a brief overview of the emerging cybercrimes and their impacts worldwide and solutions to combat this crime.
Cyberbullying From a Research Viewpoint
Authors: Fonseca Josélia Mafalda Ribeiro da , Borges-Tiago Maria Teresa
Published: May 2022

In less than two decades, social media has become a part of life for many people, increasing the positive and negative effects of social relationships. In a sense, the traditional offline behaviors moved into a ubiquitous environment, enhancing the social phenomenon of cyberbullying. Thus, it attracted much attention from different fields within academia. To understand how research has been conducted in the last 20 years and the topics addressed, this study applied a bibliometric analysis to academic literature from 2000 to 2020 related to cyberbullying in social media, using techniques such as citation analysis, co-citation analysis, and content analysis. The growing interest of the field is confirmed, and some research gaps are unveiled. Since this is one of the first studies to explore cyberbullying that occurs in social media networks, it is hoped that this chapter will stimulate further research on this topic reinforcing the gaps found.
US Cybersecurity Laws and Regulations
Authors: Plachkinova Miloslava
Published: May 2022

This study presents a historic overview of laws and regulations pertaining to cybersecurity issues in the United States. Cybersecurity is a relatively new field and has presented some unique challenges to law enforcement agencies in the last few decades. The author investigates the current state of legal frameworks to provide decision makers with mitigation steps when moving forward. More specifically, this study presents a possible approach to develop and evaluate policies to combat cybercrime. The theoretical lens used to explain offender motivation integrates rational choice, deterrence, and routine activity theories. The current work identifies trends and deficiencies in the existing cybersecurity laws and regulations. Exploring such problems can be a valuable tool to better understand this complex and rapidly developing field in which cybercriminals often rely on loopholes and lack of resources of law enforcement agencies to avoid prosecution.