bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla: obras de ingeniería civil para la nación, 1953-1957
Authors: Quintero-Rivera Arlex Antonio
Published: July 2024

Este capítulo examina el Gobierno del General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla y cómo significó una posibilidad de salida al caos de la violencia bipartidista, la crisis moral y la desesperanza que rodeaba al país. Su programa de gobierno se basó en reformas sociales, construcción de obras y el anhelo del nacionalismo. Su objetivo fue la política de reforma, pero nunca desligó la alianza con las Fuerzas Miliares y el clero, toda vez que sus metas se encaminaban a estimular el binomio pueblo-Fuerzas Militares como senda para realizar los cambios que requería el país. El General Rojas se ha convertido en objeto de estudio para aquellos interesados en entender esta etapa de la historia de Colombia.
Mejoras en un modelo de creación de tienda virtual en el sector mobiliario en Ecuador
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Dennis , Medina-Chicaiza Patricio
Published: July 2024

Es notorio el incremento de la comercialización electrónica de productos y servicios en Ecuador en los últimos años; a pesar de ello, se ha constatado que no se brinda suficiente información sobre los bienes y servicios que comercializan las empresas del sector mobiliario, las imágenes empleadas en su publicidad son estáticas, no muestran las experiencias de compra digital con sus clientes, ni una interacción personalizada con ellos, lo que afecta la comunicación oportuna, desaprovechándose las ventajas de este tipo de comercio. Ante esta situación, se plantea como objetivo de la investigación, diseñar mejoras en un modelo para la creación de tienda virtual en el sector mobiliario, validado por criterios de especialistas. Para su desarrollo se emplea un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal de alcance descriptivo. Se examinan diferentes modelos y metodologías existentes para la creación de tiendas virtuales mediante un mapeo sistemático, desarrollado en tres fases: Planeación, Conducción y Reporte. Para el análisis de la información se utilizan métodos del nivel teórico del conocimiento como: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo; modelación; y métodos del nivel empírico como el análisis documental de contenido para valorar la literatura científica existente. Se propone un modelo aplicable al sector mobiliario, evaluado por el criterio de especialistas.
Association Between Socioeconomic Inequalities in Pain and All-Cause Mortality in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study: Longitudinal Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Xue Dongmei , Bian Ying
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Few studies focus on the equality of pain, and the relationship between pain and death is inconclusive. Investigating the distribution of pain and potential mortality risks is crucial for ameliorating painful conditions and devising targeted intervention measures.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aimed to investigate the association between inequalities in pain and all-cause mortality in China.

METHODS

Longitudinal cohort data from waves 1 and 2 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2013) were used in this study. Pain was self-reported at baseline, and death information was obtained from the 2013 follow-up survey. The concentration index and its decomposition were used to explain the inequality of pain, and the association between pain and death was analyzed with a Cox proportional risk model.

RESULTS

A total of 16,747 participants were included, with an average age of 59.57 (SD 9.82) years. The prevalence of pain was 32.54% (8196/16,747). Among participants with pain, the main pain type was moderate pain (1973/5426, 36.36%), and the common pain locations were the waist (3232/16,747, 19.3%), legs (2476/16,747, 14.78%) and head (2250/16,747, 13.44%). We found that the prevalence of pain was concentrated in participants with low economic status (concentration index –0.066, 95% CI –0.078 to –0.054). Educational level (36.49%), location (36.87%), and economic status (25.05%) contributed significantly to the inequality of pain. In addition, Cox regression showed that pain was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.61).

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of pain in Chinese adults is concentrated among participants with low economic status, and pain increases the risk of all-cause death. Our results highlight the importance of socioeconomic factors in reducing deaths due to pain inequalities by implementing targeted interventions.
User-Centered Design of a Health Professional Mentorship Platform to Improve Equitable Access to Abortion (Preprint)
Authors: Abdulai Fatawu , Duong Cam , Stroulia Eleni , Czerniak Efrat , Chiu Rachel , Mehta Aashay , Koike Ken , Norman Wendy V
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Access to safe abortion care is a reproductive right for all individuals across Canada. Underserved populations are over-represented among those with unintended pregnancies and particularly those seeking abortion. Yet, few resources exist to help healthcare and allied helping professionals provide culturally competent, and gender-affirming abortion care for underserved populations.

OBJECTIVE

This project aimed to redesign and adapt an existing subscription-based medication abortion mentorship platform into a culturally appropriate and gender-affirming open-access website of curated health professional resources to promote equitable, accessible, high-quality abortion care, particularly for underserved populations

METHODS

We drew on a user-centered design framework to redesign the web platform in five iterative phases. Healthcare and allied helping professionals were engaged in each stage of the development process including the initial design of the platform, curation of the resources, reviewing the content, and evaluation of the wireframes and the end product.

RESULTS

This project resulted in an open-access bilingual (English and French) online platform containing comprehensive information and resources on abortion care for healthcare providers (physicians, nurse practitioners, and pharmacists) and allied helping professionals (midwives, medical officers, community workers, and social workers). The website incorporated information on clinical, logistical, and administrative guidance, including culturally competent and gender-affirming toolkits that could equip healthcare professionals with the requisite knowledge to provide abortion care for underserved populations.

CONCLUSIONS

This platform contains resources that can increase the competencies of healthcare professionals to initiate and sustain culturally and contextually appropriate abortion care for underserved groups while clarifying myths and misconceptions that often militate against initiating abortion. Our resource also has the potential to support equitable access to high-quality abortion care, particularly for those among underserved populations who may have the greatest unmet need for abortion services yet face the greatest barriers to access to care
Development and Evaluation of a Questionnaire for Self-Determined Evaluation of Health Apps (Preprint)
Authors: Rzepka Angelika , Edegger Kurt , Welte Stefan , Bertel Diotima , Mandl Anja , Schreier Günter
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The rapid increase in the number of health Apps and their volatility in (Austrian) App stores for Android and Apple are evidence of a flourishing business sector in the wellness industry.

OBJECTIVE

In this report, a checklist for informed decision-making by users was developed and evaluated using health Apps in the categories "Nutrition", "Exercise", "Mental Health" and "Symptom Checker".

METHODS

Evaluation criteria were derived from multiple reference documents and weighted in a survey, as well as a focus group meeting. Further the selected evaluation criteria were tested against selected Apps, which were most popular in the above-mentioned categories in fall 2023.

RESULTS

The short checklist is to be made publicly available to citizens and covers the categories of regulatory compliance, safety, and quality assurance regarding the quality of the App provider and the functionality and evidence-based content regarding the content quality of the App and the user-friendliness of the App. It comprises of six question items, which Appeared to be problematical in the evaluation most often.
For ease of use, a concise checklist with the most critical questions and helpful tips from the evaluation was expanded by the question of importance and with meaningful advice on how to find the right information in an App.

CONCLUSIONS

The evaluation based on the comprehensive checklist using selected Apps confirmed the importance of such a checklist, since most of them lacked basic properties in terms of safety and security.
Improving the Well-Being of Financially Stressed University Students: A CBT-Based AI Chat-bot Intervention (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Yahui , Li Xuhong , Zhang Qiaochu , Yeung Dannii , WU Yihan
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Mental health concerns, particularly depression, anxiety, and loneliness, are prevalent among university students, with financial stress further compounding these issues. This study investigates the efficacy of a CBT-based AI chatbot in improving the well-being of financially stressed university students.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the efficacy of a CBT-based AI chatbot in improving the well-being of financially stressed university students.

METHODS

In this randomized controlled trial, 100 university students aged 18-24 years were randomly allocated to an intervention (n=50) or waitlist control group (n=50). The intervention group interacted with a CBT-based AI chatbot for seven consecutive days, receiving personalized support and coping strategies to alleviate psychological distress. Anxiety, depression, and loneliness were assessed at baseline, Day 3, and Day 7 using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D), and UCLA Loneliness Scale.

RESULTS

Compared to controls, the intervention group showed significant reductions in depression (F = 8.48, p < .001) and loneliness (F = 4.69, p = .011) at Day 7 relative to baseline. GAD-7 scores did not show significant changes. The chatbot's effectiveness was moderated by financial stress, with participants with high baseline financial stress (PIFS scores above the median) demonstrating greater improvements in CES-D (F = 11.56, p < .001) and UCLA Loneliness scores (F = 11.18, p < .001) compared to those with low financial stress.

CONCLUSIONS

The CBT-based AI chatbot effectively reduced depression and loneliness in financially stressed university students. AI-driven interventions show promise in improving student mental health, especially for those facing financial hardship.
Healthcare Professionals' Engagement with Digital Mental Health Interventions in the UK and China: Engagement Factors and Design Implications (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Zheyuan , Sun Sijin , Hall Andrew , Mougenot Celine , Chen Juan , Calvo Rafael A.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Mental health issues like occupational stress and burnout have long affected healthcare professionals (HCPs) around the world. The impact of COVID-19 has further burdened HCPs, making them one of the most vulnerable groups to stress and burnout. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) can be accessible and effective to support well-being among HCPs. However, low engagement rates of DMHIs are frequently reported, limiting the potential effectiveness. More evidence is needed to reveal the factors that impact HCPs’ decision to adopt and engage with DMHIs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore HCPs’ motivation to engage with DMHIs and identify key factors affecting their engagement. We also aim to investigate the cultural impact in DMHI perception and engagement among HCPs.

METHODS

We used a mixed-method approach, with a cross-sectional survey (N=439) and semi-structured interviews (N=25) with HCPs from the UK and China. Participants were recruited from one major public hospital in each country.

RESULTS

Our results demonstrated a generally low engagement rate with DMHIs among HCPs from the two countries. Several key factors that affect DMHI engagement were identified, including belonging to underrepresented cultural and ethnic groups, limited mental health knowledge, low perceived need, lack of time and space, negative perceptions of DMHIs, and cultural elements like self-stigma. The results support recommendations that DMHIs for healthcare staff to: 1) provide psychoeducational content and meaningful rationale during early user engagement, or even before engagement when possible; 2) provide tailored content and design that are specific and relevant to HCPs; 3) maximise flexibility and facilitate potential integration of the intervention into HCPs’ work routines; 4) use non-judgemental languages and activities, and position the platform as self-care or wellness support for users with strong stigma; 5) incorporate human-based support while ensuring privacy and anonymity; 6) facilitate community support without fostering comparison and prejudice.

CONCLUSIONS

Although DMHIs can be an ideal alternative mental health support for HCPs, engagement rates among HCPs in China and the UK are still low due to multiple factors and barriers. More research is needed to develop and evaluate tailored DMHIs with unique design and content that can be engaged by HCPs from various cultural backgrounds.
Karakteristik dan Temperatur Nyala Api Pembakaran Biodiesel Berdasarkan Kadar Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
Authors: Topayung Christian Yuda , Nuryadin Shakti , Sentanuhady Jayan
Published: July 2024

Meningkatnya penerapan biodiesel yang bertujuan untuk suplementasi secara keseluruh atau sebagian bahan bakar untuk proses pembakaran dalam berbagai aplikasi industri memerlukan studi lebih lanjut mengenai karakteristik yang dihasilkan dari proses tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik pembakaran berbagai macam bahan bakar campuran yang dipengaruhi oleh variasi persentase biodiesel FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) yang berasal dari minyak sawit sebagai penggantinya, yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat burner. Bahan bakar disemprotkan dengan nosel 60 derajat berkapasitas 5 galon per jam. Parameter yang diukur adalah panjang nyala api berdasarkan waktu, kecepatan rambat nyala api dengan percepatan pada posisi axial di depan nosel, dan profil temperatur nyala api. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan bakar dengan persentase campuran FAME yang lebih rendah mengakibatkan proses pembakaran yang menghasilkan nyala api dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi pada parameter yang diamati, dan seiring bertambahnya persentase, nilainya terus menurun. Pengamatan ini dapat menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa properties bahan bakar seperti densitas dan viskositas bervariasi atau dipengaruhi berdasarkan persentase  bahan bakar.
Studi Sifat Keterbasahan pada Material Slumpring Bambu dengan Metode Pengukuran Sudut Kontak Permukaan
Authors: Ahmad Yusuf , Kusumaningtyas Indraswari , Parikesit Gea Oswah Fatah
Published: July 2024

Slumpring merupakan istilah dalam Bahasa Jawa untuk pelepah yang menyelubungi ruas batang bambu. Salah satu pemanfaatan slumpring ini ditemukan pada alat musik bundengan. Sebelum dimainkan oleh musisi, biasanya bundengan dilakukan proses perendaman untuk menghasilkan bunyi yang enak didengar. Selain itu zaman dahulu bundengan ini juga dimanfaatkan sebagai tudung pelindung hujan oleh penggembala bebek. Hal ini membuat interaksi slumpring dan air terlihat unik. Dari informasi tersebut menimbulkan sebuah dugaan bahwa slumpring memiliki dua sifat keterbasahan yaitu hidrofilik berdasarkan perlakuan oleh musisi terhadap bundengandanhidrofobik berdasarkan pemanfaatan bundengan oleh penggembala bebek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan dugaan tersebut dengan menganalisis sudut kontak pada dinding luar dan dinding dalam slumpring. Tidak hanya itu, penelitian ini juga mengukur sudut kontak yang terjadi pada area tengah dan tepi slumpring. Penelitian ini menggunakan peralatan sederhana dan telepon cerdas untuk merekam citra sudut kontak. Analisis citra yang dilakukan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak ImageJ. Hasilnya kedua dinding dengan masing-masing sisinya ternyata memiliki sifat hidrofilik. Sudut kontak dinding luar area tengah dan tepi bernilai 60,4±8,4° dan 60,7±12,4° sedangkan sudut kontak dinding dalam area tengah dan tepi bernilai 42,1±9,7° dan 47,5±1,2°.
Research on the Wealth Effect of Financial Assets on Household Consumption—Discussion Based on the Mechanism of the Real Income and Liquidity Constraint
Authors: Chen LongHui
Published: July 2024

After using the data of China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) to explore the relationship between financial assets and household consumption, this paper found that there is a wealth effect between financial assets and household consumption, that is, the higher the level of financial assets held by households, the higher the consumption. Also, this conclusion is still robust even if we chose to add intertemporal variables to the empirical model to solve the potential endogenous problem. In addition, this paper tried to propose and verify two mechanisms in wealth effect, and mechanisms are the real income and the liquidity constraint respectively. Concretely speaking, on the one hand, households can increase property income by allocating financial assets, thereby promoting household consumption; on the other hand, households can affect flexible money, thus affecting consumption. Finally, in the further heterogeneity analysis, this paper found that compared with urban households, holding more financial assets has a stronger incentive to rural household consumption.
CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR T CELLS: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE
Authors: BM NAGARAJ , DP SHRUTHI
Published: July 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) therapy, a type of anticancer cellular immunotherapy, is emerging expeditiously. Primarily reported in 1987, the concept of a chimeric T-cell receptor (TCR), which combines antibody-derived variable regions with TCR-derived constant regions, was then, followed by double-chain chimeric TCR (cTCR) and single-chain variable fragment receptor chimeric cell (referred to as “T-bodies,” the prototypes of modern CAR). The CAR construct, which incorporates both a costimulatory endodomain and the CD3ζ signaling endodomain, is classified as a second-generation CAR, and this later achieved fantastic success in human clinical trials, marking a momentous milestone in the development journey of the CAR T-cell therapy. Tisagenlecleucel was the first CAR T-cell therapy to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating pediatric and young adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Six CAR T-cell therapies have been approved by FDA; many more are still there in the budding stages. The major challenges for CAR T-cell therapy are safety, ineffectiveness for solid tumors, cost, etc. To overcome these elements, further research is essential.
COMPARATIVE ROLE OF ULTRASOUND AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF NONTRAUMATIC RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA PAIN IN PATIENTS ABOVE 50 YEARS OF AGE ADMITTED IN A TERTIARY-CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: PRASUN DAS  , SUDIPTA BASU  , MALAY KARMAKAR  , BHATTACHARYYA SRIJAK
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the role of ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing non-traumatic right iliac fossa (RIF) pain in the geriatric population. More specifically, to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy parameters of both imaging modalities after enumerating the relevant etiologies. The ultimate aim is to assess the diagnostic accuracy variables of USG in diagnosing non-traumatic RIF pain in the elderly, taking computed tomography as the gold standard of investigation.
Methods: Fifty patients in the elderly age group with non-traumatic RIF pain were evaluated consecutively by USG, followed by a CT scan.
Results: Overall, in detecting non-traumatic RIF pain in our study, sonography was found to have sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 35.14%, 23.07%, 56.52%, and 11.1% with respect to a CT scan. It also reveals that in diagnosing the different etiologies of RIF pain, the findings of the USG have a weakly positive correlation with the findings of the CT scan. It also reveals that, on comparison between CT and USG, we found a statistically significant difference in diagnosing RIF pain in this study population.
Conclusions: We therefore conclude that ultrasound may be used as an initial imaging investigation as the majority of cases of non-traumatic RIF pain come in the acute stage and emergency ultrasound comes into play due to its easy use and more availability. However, we must do a CT scan after that to narrow down the differential diagnoses in this age group.
A STUDY ON CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF GASTROINTESTINAL PERFORATIONS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: SANJAY D DAKHORE  , SAHAN M S  , VIDHEY TIRPUDE  , SHILPA PANDE  , SUNIL B WANKHADE
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objectives of the study are as follows:
(1) To study the clinicopathological profile and outcome of gastrointestinal (GI) perforations. (2) To study the incidence, demographics, etiology, clinical features, management techniques, and factors influencing outcomes in cases of GI perforations.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the Department of General Surgery in a tertiary care center in central India. One hundred and twenty cases of GI perforation were included in this study. Demographic data, detailed medical history, and present complaints were recorded for each patient. Clinical features were assessed by thorough physical and systemic examinations. Relevant laboratory tests, imaging, and operative findings were investigated. Management included operative interventions and postoperative analysis with documentation of complications. For statistical purpose, p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: The study observed a significant male preponderance in cases of GI perforations (M: F ratio 1:0.27). Patients’ age ranged from 18 to 86 years, with the highest incidence in those over 50 years (33.6%). Most patients were from Class IV and V socioeconomic status. Abdominal pain (100%) and vomiting (76.2%) were common symptoms. Hypertension (17.2%) and diabetes (14.7%) were prevalent comorbidities, with alcohol consumption (40.16%) as a notable risk factor. Gastroduodenal perforations were most frequent (63.93%). Common surgical interventions included modified Graham’s patch (62.3%) and appendicectomy (12.3%). Surgical site infections (20.4%) were common complications. Mortality was 11.4%, primarily due to sepsis.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis and proper interventions are the cornerstone of management in cases of GI perforation. Prognosis depends on symptom duration, perforation site, peritoneal contamination, preoperative hypotension, and need for preoperative abdominal drainage. Chances of mortality increase in patients who present late after perforation.
ROLE OF ULTRASOUND AND MAMMOGRAPHY FOR EVALUATION OF BREAST MASSES: A COMPARATIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: RITIKA NIHAL  , RAMESH KUMAR SAHU  , HARI OM CHANDRAKAR
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and mammography in the assessment of breast masses.
Methods: This was a comparative observational study conducted in the department of radiology of a tertiary care medical institute. Fifty women coming for imaging of breast lumps were included in this study after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The demographic data, including age, sex, family history of breast cancer, personal history of breast disease, and other relevant clinical details, were collected for each patient to understand the population’s characteristics and ensure a comprehensive analysis. All patients underwent diagnostic mammography followed by sonography of the breast. Histopathological examination was done in 16 cases. Correlation between ultrasound features, mammography, and histopathological findings was done. p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of the patients was found to be 40.2±9.6 years. Twenty-three cases (28.75%) presented with only a lump. In addition, 15 cases (18.75%) reported experiencing pain along with the lump. There were 5 cases (6.25%) that had a lump accompanied by discharge, while 7 cases (8.75%) showed skin changes in addition to the lump. Nipple retraction was observed in 6 cases (7.50%). Among benign lesions, fibroadenoma was the most common and in the malignant category, invasive ductal carcinoma was the most prevalent, found in 7 patients (14%). Ductal carcinoma in situ was present in 5 patients (10%), invasive lobular carcinoma in 2 patients (4%), and triple-negative breast cancer in 1 patient (2%). On USG, 35 cases were having benign (70%) and 15 (30%) cases were having malignant pathologies. Mammography detected 34 benign (68%) and 16 malignant (32%) cases. When a combination of USG and mammography was used, 21 (42%) pathologies were having malignant pathologies.
Conclusion: Combined ultrasound and mammographic evaluation of breast lump was more helpful in the accurate evaluation of breast pathologies than when either modality was used alone.
THE MORALITY OF U.S. POLITICS IN THE AGGRESSION AGAINST THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA IN 1999
Authors: Pešić Zoran R.
Published: July 2024

The author examines the morality of U.S. policy in the aggression against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) in 1999, using criteria for evaluating the morality of the U.S. president’s policy proposed by Joseph Nye (Joseph S. Nye Jr.). The aggression against FRY is controversial, particularly its a priori determined moral character and the designation of humanitarian intervention. Our main goal is to demonstrate the unsustainability of the assessment of the moral justification of the aggression precisely according to his criteria. Therefore, our hypothetical starting point is that if morality is present in the foreign policy of the U.S. president, the criteria by which Joseph Nye evaluates each president will also show whether the policy that is directly related to the aggression against FRY is also moral. After explaining the theoretical-methodological approach, and presenting the attitudes towards morality of the most important theories of international relations, the paper presents an analysis of the morality of aggression conducted on the basis of intentions, means, and consequences. In relation to this, we examined the deontological and consequentialist sustainability of the morality of aggression according to the proposed criteria and questions. It was concluded that there is no ethical justification for aggression, unless achieving political interests is valued as morally acceptable in the spirit of consequentialist ethics.
High Burden of Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms Screened by Xpert Carba-R Assay Versus Culture from Intensive Care Patients in Indonesia
Authors: Marzah Mohammad Agung , Widyatama Fikri Sasongko , Sarassari Rosantia , Setyarini Wahyu , Widya Alicia Margaretta , Sulikah Siti Rochmanah Oktaviani , Semedi Bambang Pujo , Airlangga Prananda Surya , Kuntaman Kuntaman , Shirakawa Toshiro , Koendhori Eko Budi
Published: July 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) considers carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) to be critical-level pathogens. Regular screening for high-risk CRO colonization is essential, especially in the ICU. Direct detection of carbapenem-resistant genes is possible using the FDA-approved Xpert Carba-R assay. This study evaluated its reliability compared with the culture technique at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia. A high number of CRO colonization was found using the culture technique and the Xpert Carba-R assay with about 31 and 26 positive results out of 100 total samples, respectively. Both methods detected blaNDM in 11 samples, and the Xpert Carba-R assay detected one sample co-presenting with blaVIM that was not detected by PCR. The Xpert Carba-R assay did not detect the gene in 73 samples following negative results with the culture technique. Fifteen samples were detected gene by the Xpert Carba-R assay though there was no gene by the culture method, showing that the Xpert Carba-R assay demonstrated a high degree of sensitivity in identifying carbapenem-resistance genes. Carbapenem-resistance genes common in Indonesia other than those examined by Xpert Carba-R assay in this study (i.e., blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-24) or non-enzymatic mechanisms may also produce resistance in many colonies without the examined genes. Finally, the Xpert Carba-R assay produced faster findings than the culture technique.
Toxicity and repellency of chlorpyrifos nanocapsules against subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus
Authors: Kadir Roszaini , Khadiran Tumirah , Mat Arip Mohamad Nasir , Lipeh Shahlinney
Published: July 2024

Chlorpyrifos is widely used in agricultural and building industries to control many insects including termites. However, its low aqueous solubility and tendency to decompose under sunlight results in decrease in its efficiency. In the present study, chlorpyrifos was encapsulated into nano-sized poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydrite) using a mini-emulsion in-situ polymerization method to improve the effective utilization rate. The termiticidal properties of nanocapsules at different concentrations (1 - 25 wt%) were tested against subterranean termite; Coptotermes curvignathus. Results of Choice bioassays shows that chlorpyrifos nanocapsules are strongly toxic to Coptotermes curvignathus. The filter paper feeding inhibition and repellent bioassay show a significant feeding inhibition (> 60 %) at lowest concentration of chlorpyrifos nanocapsules. The highest mortality rate of termites (90 %) after 24-h exposure was observed in the sample treated with the highest concentration of chlorpyrifos nanocapsules (25 wt%). Results obtained from this study show that chlorpyrifos nanocapsules have a strong termiticidal property against Coptotermes curvignathus. This indicates that the nanoencapsulation of biocides chlorpyrifos opens a real potential of new and advanced wood preservation technology.
Cross-sectional Study to Identify the Predominance of Prakriti in Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Yadav Neha , Sawarkar Dr. Punam , Sawarkar Dr. Gaurav
Published: July 2024

COVID-19 is a viral and fatal disease occurring over a wide geographic range and affecting a high proportion of the population. It has nodefinite treatment; hence, prevention is the best way. A person's Prakriti (body constitution -inherent nature of an individual) is decided to dependon the Ahara Vihara of the mother during pregnancy. It does not change throughout life. This Prakriti is also responsible for immunity; the onset andmaintenance of disease depend on Prakriti. Hence, by properly knowing Prakriti, we can plan the disease's prevention, care, and management. Theprime of this study was to observe the predominance of specific Prakriti in patients with covid 19. The main objective of this study was to comparethe prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with different Prakriti & to raise awareness regarding COVID-19 in Wardha City. The current study wasconducted by recruiting 100 patients who recovered from Covid-19. The primary goal of this research was to determine the prevalence ofparticular Prakriti in patients with covid 19. The primary goal of this study was to compare the prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with variedPrakriti and to raise awareness about COVID-19 in Wardha. Their complaints were noted, and a Prakriti [body constituent] assessment was done.It was found that the prevalence of COVID-19 is high in Pittaja Prakriti [Body constituent dominant with hot entity] (44%), followed by Kaphaja Prakriti[Body constituent dominant with phlegm] (35%) and Vata Prakriti [Body constituent dominant with air entity] (21%). In this present study, most of theaffected patients were male. People with Pitta-predominant Prakriti were affected mainly by COVID-19. Though symptoms of COVID-19 showKapha [Phlegm] predominance as per Ayurvedic perspectives, its prevalence is more in Pitta-predominant Prakriti. Pitta Dosha is linked with the body'sthermoregulation, metabolism, and immunity. People with Pitta Prakriti [Body constituent with hot entity] have hypersensitive Pitta Dosha [Hotentity] in their bodies. Infection with COVID-19 disturbs the body's normalcy and is more common in Pittaja Prakriti people.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus Limetta
Authors: Kumari Sony , Jyoti Koch Pranab , Islam Muzaharul , Rahman Anisur , Sikdar Mamoni , Debbarma Rahel , Nasrin Nahid
Published: July 2024

One of the most common fruit crops grown in tropical and subtropical areas is Citrus limetta. Upon processing, about40-47% percent of the fruit's non-edible mass is discarded as waste that impacts the environment. The aromatic compounds calledessential oils (EOs) are concentrated in oil glands found in leaves, flowers, and fruit peels. The study's primary objective was toevaluate the biological activity of fresh and heated peels extracted essential oil from Citrus limetta (CLEO). The study emphasizedthe determination of bioactive compounds from the CLEO antioxidant and antimicrobial activity assessment. CLEO's main volatilecomponent was D-Limonene in both oils, with RA (%) values of 44.14 and 77.50 in fresh and heated peel oil, respectively. Theantioxidant activity was comparable to the standard used for ascorbic. The activity (%) reached its highest (83±1.53%) at theconcentration of of100μL/mL for fresh peel oil, which is higher than the heated peel oil. Comparative antimicrobial activity wasdetermined to assess the effects of CLEO against ten bacterial pathogens, which implies that seven pathogens were significantlysensitive against heated oil. The current findings suggest that CLEO could be an impressive natural source with significant potentialto show good biological activity in both fresh and treated forms. A complex composition with approximately 20 components inCitrus limetta essential oil has been scientifically proven beneficial in aromatherapy, medications, beverages, food color enhancers,and aromatic-nature infusions for personal health care.
'Será a guerra feita com toda a fealdade, a ferro e fogo: do direito de resistência na América Portuguesa.
Authors: Nonata da Silva Célia
Published: July 2024

Este artigo analisa, através de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a influência e difusão do pensamento humanista ibérico, representado pela Escola de Salamanca, na formação de uma cultura política republicana na América portuguesa baseada nas ideias de liberdade Política e de direito do povo à resistência. A circulação das Ideias humanistas latentes na Europa moderna atravessa o Atlântico e projeta-se em solo mineiro no século XVIII, através da ação de padres que, ao incentivarem e orientarem os potentados locais nas suas atividades de resistência contra os governadores coloniais, criaram um comportamento participativo para os envolvidos e uma consciência política baseada no direito do povo de impor as suas próprias leis. Essa ideia republicana foi consumada em plena guerra com a eleição popular do governador de Minas, em 1709, quando os vassalos rebeldes deram origem à república dos emboabas, configurada pelo poder civil, e impondo sucessivas rebeliões ao governo local da capitania em meados do século XVIII. Os resultados demonstraram serem os emboabas sujeitos atuantes no espaço colonial, não meros subprodutos de uma relação de poder colonialista.
STUDY ON DOPPLER EFFECT BASED ON FREQUENCY AND VELOCITY OF SOUND SOURCE IN THE WATERS
Authors: Husni Iqbal Ali , Akbari Hafsarizka , Hidayat Rizqi Rizaldi , Hartoyo Hartoyo , Amron Amron
Published: July 2024

The Doppler effect is an important factor in studying marine resources using hydroacoustic technology. Several factors that influence the Doppler effect in waters are the frequency and velocity of the sound source. This research aimed to study the characteristics of sound received based on the frequency and velocity of the sound source as a representation of the Doppler effect. The research was designed using 5 lines as a variation in frequency (1000 and 5000 Hz) and velocity of sound source. The result showed that the Doppler effect was determined by changes in frequency, but was not significantly measured by changes in sound intensity. The frequency of the sound was increased as the frequency of the sound source increased. The receiver frequency also be higher if the angle between the receiver and the sound source was smaller or if the sound source was further away from the receiver.
Impact of Global Value Chains on the Performance of Moroccan Exports: Sector Analysis with Economic Dependencies
Authors: Jabri Abdelkarim , Islam Jaafari , Mourad Zenansi
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The last few decades have been marked by profound changes in international trade, which is increasingly organised around global value chains. Theoretical and empirical research shows the benefits associated with increasing participation in global value chains (GVCs) for both developed and developing countries. However, empirical studies on the effects of backward and forward participation in GVCs for the specific case of a country remain limited. This article seeks to examine whether Morocco’s backward and forward participation in GVCs improves the performance of its exports over the period of 1995 to 2018 using different cointegration techniques in panel data. Our empirical results show that forward and backward participation positively impact exports and domestic value added in Moroccan exports. They also indicate that domestic and foreign service inputs contribute positively to this performance. Based on the obtained results, we propose some recommendations for policymakers.
Konflik Aliran Progresif dan Konservatif di Tanah Melayu: Tumpuan kepada Polemik Agama dalam Kalangan Masyarakat Melayu, 1910-an hingga 1930-an Progressive and Conservative Conflict in Malaya: Focus on Religious Polemic among Malay Society, 1910s to 1930s
Authors: Haris Abu Hanifah
Published: July 2024

The problem of differences of opinion on religious issues is not new in Malay society. For this disagreement, also known as the conflict between progressive and conservative schools, began to grow rapidly in Malaya since the number of Malay students who studied in Makkah since the early 19th century, and in Egypt since the early 20th century increased. Upon their return home, they brought with them views of the ulama and other madhabs that differed from the practices of the Malay society. This led to conflict within the community, which later became better known as the Kaum Muda-Kaum Tua conflict. The aim of this article is to examine the conflict between progressive and conservative sects in pre-independence Malaya, particularly between the 1910s and 1930s. This study uses a qualitative approach, namely the literature review method, by referring to various primary sources such as files and newspapers as well as secondary sources such as books, journal articles, theses, and working papers. This study shows that there are several conflicts between progressive and conservative streams that have erupted in Malaya, such as the ketuk-ketuk issue in Melaka and Terengganu, the dog licking issue, the usalli reading issue, the tarekat issue that occurred in Kelantan, and the talkin reading issue that occurred in Kelantan and Perlis. Nevertheless, most of the Malay society tends to adhere to the views and practices of the local ulama based on the long-practiced Shafie mazhab.
Economic Exchange and Its Constraints in the 20th Century between Malaysia and Bangladesh
Authors: Khondaker M Shahidul Islam , Md. Dali Azharudin
Published: July 2024

This study examines the economic exchange and its constraints between Malaysia and Bangladesh, specifically during the late 20th century. We are arguing that this issue is rarely addressed in the literature though in the relationship of these two countries, presenting the pros and cons of economic transactions are significant to strengthen the future linkages. Alongside the economic cooperation, the major characteristics of this reciprocal trade at that time were the economic imbalances and deficits between these two countries, where the Bangladeshi workers' migration to Malaysia and reciprocal trading products were considered. Such bilateral economic linkages also facilitated the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). The research applies a historiographic approach as a study method. It consults some primary and secondary data and information, including government reports, files and documents, agreements, newspapers, books and articles. The study result showed the factual depiction of the reciprocal relationships between Malaysia and Bangladesh and their limitations in terms of the exchange of material goods, industry and worker migration. The findings of this study would fill the existing literature vacuum that can be consulted for further research.
Manual para la realización de prácticas de laboratorio - Área de Energía - Ing. Mecánica
Authors: Camargo Trillos Diego Alejandro , Calvo Silva Fernando Javier , Gómez Vásquez Rafael David , Palacio Vega Mario Andrés
Published: July 2024

Las guías de laboratorio aquí descritas son un complemento didáctico para el desarrollo práctico de la metodología de aprendizaje del curso de Termodinámica. El cual tiene como propósito contribuir a la apropiación del lenguaje científico y la destreza analítica, de forma que el estudiante pueda enfrentar y resolver sistemáticamente ejercicios, problemas y situaciones que impliquen la transformación y aprovechamiento de la energía, a partir de leyes fundamentales de la termodinámica como la primera (Conservación) y segunda Ley (Eficiencia y entropía) que le permita analizar distintos sistemas físicos.
Effects of the drought induced stress on the flowering and the fruit set stages in tomato collection
Authors: Grozeva Stanislava ,   Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Agricultural Academy, Bulgaria, Ganeva Daniela ,   Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv, Agricultural Academy, Bulgaria
Published: July 2024

In the current study, a collection of forty-seven tomato accessions divided into five groups and the sensitive control MoneyMaker were evaluated based on their performance under the condition of reduced irrigation. The tomato accessions were exposed to water stress (50% reduced irrigation). The reproductive traits (flower and fruit number, fruit set) and fruit weights were used in assessing the drought tolerance. A decrease in the flower number, fruit number, the fruit set and fruit weight from 2nd to 5th inflorescence was observed in scarcity. Among the studied tomato groups, the indeterminate, the large fruited ones were the most strongly affected by the stress: reductions of 41.5% in the number of fruits and 40.0% of the average fruit weight were observed. The studied “Cherry” tomato and the accessions from Solanum pimpinellifolium L. have had a better drought tolerance compared to other groups. The cluster analysis showed that the individual accessions belonging to sensitive groups also possessed a better tolerance to water deficit. Keywords: reproductive traits, fruit weight, water stress, tomato
Economic efficiency and profitability analysis of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) production in Kaduna state, Nigeria
Authors: OLULEYE Oladayo ,   1443 Brightside Drive Louisiana, USA. Zip Code, 70820, ALABI Olugbenga , BAYEI Joseph , ISAH Hassan , ALUWONG Jeremiah , ATTEH Paul , OKOH Sarah , OLAWOYE Tosin , OLAJIDE Opemipo , OLUMUYIWA Babaranti , HARUNA Ojuh ,   2University of Abuja, Nigeria,   3Kaduna State University (KASU), Nigeria,   Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria (ARCN),   School of Agricultural Technology, Nigeria,   Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria,   University of Abuja, Nigeria,   University of Abuja, Nigeria,   University of Abuja, Nigeria,   Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Nigeria,   Prince Abubakar Audu University, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

This study evaluated the economic efficiency and profitability analysis of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) production in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The sampling design employed for this research was a multi-stage sampling technique. A total sample size of 140 catfish farmers was selected. Primary sources of data were used and the data were obtained by administering a well-designed and well-structured questionnaire to the respondent. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting technique, gross margin analysis, financial analysis, stochastic production frontier efficiency model, Tobit dichotomous regression model, and principal component model. The results show that about 70% of the catfish farmers are male, and the average age of catfish farmers was 39 years. The types of fish ponds used include concrete, earthen, tarpaulin, cage, and plastic. The average capacity of fish ponds was 1706 fingerlings. The gross margin and net farm income was 886,250.51 Naira and 865,021.37 Naira per production cycle respectively. This implies that catfish production is profitable. The mean economic, technical and allocative efficiencies are 36.97%, 61.89% and 59.73% respectively. This left inefficiency gaps of 63.03%, 38.11% and 40.27% for improvement. The significant factors influencing the economic efficiency of catfish production include age, farming experience, educational level, fish feed, drugs, fingerlings, and pond size. The constraints facing catfish farmers include the lack of credit facilities, the high cost of fingerlings, the high cost of feeds, problems with pests, diseases, and predators, the lack of access to markets, and the lack of access to land. The study recommended that credit facilities should be provided for catfish farmers at a low interest rate devoid of cumbersome administrative procedures. The fish feeds, fingerlings, drugs, and chemical inputs should be provided for catfish farmers at affordable prices. Keywords: еconomic еfficiency, profitability analysis, stochastic production efficiency frontier, catfish production, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determining urinary muconic acid as benzene biological indicator
Authors: Moghadasi Abolfazl , Yousefinejad Saeed , Soleimani Esmaeel , Taghvaei Sajjad , Jafai Saeed
Published: July 2024

The monitoring of occupational exposure to chemicals is essential for assessing the workplace. In the case of hazardous and carcinogenic chemicals, such as benzene, occupational monitoring becomes even more crucial. Trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) is one of the benzene urinary metabolites. Pretreatment methods for t,t-MA generally include liquid?liquid extraction and solid?phase extraction. Using dispersive liquid?liquid microextraction (DLLME) during sample preparation and extraction can reduce extraction costs and environmental impacts. Furthermore, the process is cost-effective and easy to operate. This study is aimed to develop, optimize, and validate an analytical method for measuring t,t-MA concentration in urine matrix through DLLME combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. In this method, five variables including pH, the volume of the extractant and the disperser, salt content and the time of centrifugation were optimized using the response surface methodology with a central composite design approach and experimental data. The proposed DLLME was successfully applied to real samples of exposed workers to benzene with extraction efficiencies from 95.8 to 102.4 %. The optimum conditions were pH 8, extractant solvent, 300 ?L, disperser solvent, 300 ?L, salt, 3.4 % and centrifuge, 3 min. According to the result of this study, the proposed DLLME approach can be effectively applied to the biomonitoring of individuals exposed to benzene.