bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rational molecular design of triazine-containing alkynylplatinum(ii) terpyridine complexes and the formation of helical ribbons via Pt⋯Pt, π–π stacking and hydrophobic–hydrophobic interactions
Authors: Fu Heidi Li-Ki , Leung Sammual Yu-Lut , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah
Published: October 2017

The self-assembly of strategically designed triazine-containing alkynylplatinum(ii) terpyridine complexes yielded sophisticated helical ribbons through a balance of multiple non-covalent interactions.
A unimolecular channel formed by dual helical peptide modified pillar[5]arene: correlating transmembrane transport properties with antimicrobial activity and haemolytic toxicity
Authors: Xin Pengyang , Sun Yonghui , Kong Huiyuan , Wang Yaodong , Tan Si , Guo Jingjing , Jiang Tao , Dong Wenpei , Chen Chang-Po
Published: October 2017

Five unimolecular channels with different lengths are presented. The varying length of these channels has significant impact on their transport properties.
Pyrolysis of covalent organic frameworks: a general strategy for template converting conventional skeletons into conducting microporous carbons for high-performance energy storage
Authors: Xu Qing , Tang Yanping , Zhai Lipeng , Chen Qiuhong , Jiang Donglin
Published: October 2017

A general strategy based on template pyrolysis enables the conversion of conventional covalent organic frameworks into conducting microporous carbons with exceptional energy storage performance.
Isomerization of methoxy radical in the troposphere: competition between acidic, neutral and basic catalysts
Authors: Sarkar Saptarshi , Mallick Subhasish , Deepak Deepak , Kumar Pradeep , Bandyopadhyay Biman
Published: October 2017

A comprehensive investigation of the roles of acidic, neutral and basic catalysts in isomerization of methoxy radical in the troposphere has been carried out by quantum chemical calculations at the MP2 and CCSD(T) levels of theory.
Toward inert paramagnetic Ni(ii)-based chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI agents
Authors: Caneda-Martínez Laura , Valencia Laura , Fernández-Pérez Isabel , Regueiro-Figueroa Martín , Angelovski Goran , Brandariz Isabel , Esteban-Gómez David , Platas-Iglesias Carlos
Published: October 2017

Rigid Ni(ii) complexes containing picolinamide groups show potential as MRI contrast agents operating through the chemical exchange saturation transfer mechanism.
Photophysical properties of three coordinated copper(i) complexes bearing 1,10-phenanthroline and a monodentate phosphine ligand
Authors: Kakizoe Daichi , Nishikawa Michihiro , Fujii Yasuo , Tsubomura Taro
Published: October 2017

Three-coordinated emissive copper(i) complexes bearing 1,10-phenanthroline and monodentate phosphine ligands were synthesized. Copper(i) complexes bearing a crowded phosphine ligand show relatively strong luminescence even in solution.
Solvent-driven azide-induced mononuclear discreteversusone-dimensional polymeric aromatic Möbius cadmium(ii) complexes of an N6tetradentate helical ligand
Authors: Akbari Afkhami Farhad , Mahmoudi Ghodrat , Gurbanov Atash V. , Zubkov Fedor I. , Qu Fengrui , Gupta Arunava , Safin Damir A.
Published: October 2017

We report on a solvent-driven formation of discrete[Cd(N3)2(L)(MeOH)]·MeOHand a one-dimensional coordination polymer[Cd3(N3)6(L)]n.
A microporous MOF with open metal sites and Lewis basic sites for selective CO2 capture
Authors: Qian Jinjie , Li Qipeng , Liang Linfeng , Li Ting-Ting , Hu Yue , Huang Shaoming
Published: October 2017

A new robust indium–organic framework (InOF-15, In-BQDC) exhibits high IAST selective CO2 sorption performance for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 mixtures at 273 K, which has been attributed to the coexistence of OMSs and LBSs for strong synergistic effect.
High-performance supercapacitors of Cu-based porous coordination polymer nanowires and the derived porous CuO nanotubes
Authors: Wu Meng-Ke , Zhou Jiao-Jiao , Yi Fei-Yan , Chen Chen , Li Yan-Li , Li Qin , Tao Kai , Han Lei
Published: October 2017

The ultralong porous coordination polymer nanowire (Cu-asp) and its devised porous CuO nanotube were synthesized and used as the electrode materials for supercapacitors.
Metallic ion leaching from heterogeneous catalysts: an overlooked effect in the study of catalytic ozonation processes
Authors: Yang Wenwen , Vogler Bernhard , Lei Yu , Wu Tingting
Published: October 2017

The stability of the solid catalysts and the effects of the leached metal ions must be carefully examined in the study of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation.
Selenium fortification of infant formulas: does selenium form matter?
Authors: Lönnerdal Bo , Vargas-Fernández Eugenia , Whitacre Mark
Published: October 2017

Adequate selenium intake is critical for growing infants. While the FDA requires that infant formulas contain selenium, there is no consensus on the optimal form of selenium fortification.
Soy peptide aggregates formed during hydrolysis reduced protein extraction without decreasing their nutritional value
Authors: Zhang Yuanhong , Zhou Feibai , Zhao Mouming , Ning Zhengxiang , Sun-Waterhouse Dongxiao , Sun Baoguo
Published: October 2017

Insoluble peptide aggregates formed during hydrolysis were pepsin-resistant but could be well digested by pancreatin and exhibited good bioactivity.
Lipidomic profiles ofDrosophila melanogasterand cactophilic fly species: models of human metabolic diseases
Authors: Cázarez-García Daniel , Ramírez Loustalot-Laclette Mariana , Ann Markow Therese , Winkler Robert
Published: October 2017

Untargeted metabolomics, combined with data mining, reveals different sensibility of fly species against diet changes.
Simultaneous determination of traces of Pt, Pd, Os, Ir, Rh, Ag and Au metals by magnetic SPE ICP OES and in situ chemical vapour generation
Authors: Guerrero M. M. López , Alonso E. Vereda , García de Torres A. , Pavón J. M. Cano
Published: October 2017

An ICP-OES method for the determination of trace amounts of PGEs plus Au and Ag in environmental samples has been developed.
Synthesis and ring opening reaction of octaoctyl substituted [2.2.2.2](2,7)-fluorenophanetetraene by photooxidation
Authors: Yu Chin-Yang , Chen Yu-Chi , Wang Chao-Chi
Published: October 2017

Octaoctyl substituted fluorenophanetetraene has been synthesized and the photooxidation of the fluorenophanetetraene gives all trans linear fluorenevinylene with aldehyde end groups.
Thiazolium-functionalized polymer-coated magnetic microspheres for the selective recognition and separation of hemoglobin
Authors: Li Quan , Wang Binghai , Wang Juanqiang , Xi Xingjun , Chu Qiao , Dong Genlai , Wei Yun
Published: October 2017

Thiazolium-functionalized magnetic microspheres, which exhibited an excellent selectivity and a high binding capacity for haemoglobin (5030 mg g−1), were successfully synthesized.
Sponge integrated highly compressible all-solid-state supercapacitor with superior performance
Authors: Feng Enke , Ma Guofu , Peng Hui , Hua Fengting , Tang Wei , Lei Ziqiang
Published: October 2017

The capacitance and compressibility of the as-fabricated integrated compressible all-solid-state supercapacitor are well maintained after repeated compressing-releasing.
Microfluidic channel-coupled 3D quartz nanohole arrays for high capture and release efficiency of BT20 cancer cells
Authors: Lim Jung-Taek , Yoon Yo-Seop , Lee Won-Yong , Jeong Jin-Tak , Kim Gil-Sung , Kim Tae Geun , Lee Sang-Kwon
Published: October 2017

Nanostructured materials are a promising new class of materials for the capture and enumeration of very rare tumor cells (i.e., CTCs) to examine their biological characteristics in whole blood of cancer patients.
Visible-light-mediated radical cascade reaction: synthesis of 3-bromocoumarins from alkynoates
Authors: Feng Shangbiao , Li Jinlai , Liu Zaimin , Sun Haiyu , Shi Hongliang , Wang Xiaolei , Xie Xingang , She Xuegong
Published: October 2017

The development of a visible-light mediated bromo radical addition/spirocyclization/ester migration cascade reaction to generate 3-bromocoumarins from alkynoates is reported.
Marker patterning: a spatially resolved method for tuning the wettability of PDMS
Authors: Bodin-Thomazo N. , Malloggi F. , Guenoun P.
Published: October 2017

This article presents a marker patterning method where a permanent ink is used as a masking layer. During plasma oxidation, the PDMS surfaces are protected leading to a simple and easy wettability patterning.
Solubility modelling, solution thermodynamics and preferential solvation of hymecromone in binary solvent mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide + methanol, ethanol or n-propanol
Authors: Li Xinbao , Chen Jiao , Chen Gaoquan , Zhao Hongkun
Published: October 2017

Solubilities of hymecromone in neat solvents ofN,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), methanol, ethanol andn-propanol, and their binary mixed solvents of DMF + methanol, DMF + ethanol and DMF +n-propanol were determined.
Hierarchical branched α-MnO2: one-step synthesis and catalytic activity
Authors: Liu Hengfa , Zhang Bentian , Li Wanping , Cheng Gao , Han Jiaxi , Lan Bang , Sun Ming , Yu Lin
Published: October 2017

The hierarchical pine tree-like α-MnO2are controlled synthesized at room temperature without any template. The α-MnO2displays superior activity in the catalytic combustion of dimethyl ether.
Two-photon controlled sol–gel condensation for the microfabrication of silica based microstructures. The role of photoacids and photobases
Authors: Kustra J. , Martin E. , Chateau D. , Lerouge F. , Monnereau C. , Andraud C. , Sitarz M. , Baldeck P. L. , Parola S.
Published: October 2017

Two-photon excitation of photobases is used to induce pH changes and control the condensation step of the sol–gel process at the focal point of a laser beam in a confocal configuration.
Preparation of polyurethane/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and its performance enhancement via compositing with silver particles
Authors: Li Xiuqi , Jiang Yanjiao , Wang Fu , Fan Zengjie , Wang Haining , Tao Caihong , Wang Zhaofeng
Published: October 2017

Polyurethane/polyvinyl alcohol/silver composite hydrogel, showing enhanced mechanical and antibacterial properties, was fabricated.
Membrane optode for uranium(vi) preconcentration and colorimetric determination in real samples
Authors: Hassan Nader , Amin Alaa S.
Published: October 2017

A membrane optode formed by physical inclusion of a chromophore 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)phenol (BTAP) and uranium(vi) anions into a plasticized cellulose triacetate (CTA) matrix was illustrated for preconcentration and colorimetric determination of U(vi) from aqueous samples.
Instantaneous preparation of high lithium-ion conducting sulfide solid electrolyte Li7P3S11 by a liquid phase process
Authors: Calpa Marcela , Rosero-Navarro Nataly Carolina , Miura Akira , Tadanaga Kiyoharu
Published: October 2017

A solid electrolyte with a small particle size, good mechanical properties and high ionic conductivity is required to achieve high energy and power density in the all-solid-state battery.
Understanding the spin-dependent electronic properties of symmetrically far-edge doped zigzag graphene nanoribbon from a first principles study
Authors: Sarmah Amrit , Hobza Pavel
Published: October 2017

DFT simulations envision that far-edge doping also induced some tunable spin-dependent properties in the zigzag graphene nanoribbons.
This mechanistic step is “productive”: organic chemistry students' backward-oriented reasoning
Authors: Caspari I. , Weinrich M. L. , Sevian H. , Graulich N.
Published: October 2017

If an organic chemistry student explains that she represents a mechanistic step because “it's a productive part of the mechanism,” what meaning could the professor teaching the class attribute to this statement, what is actually communicated, and what does it mean for the student? The professor might think that the explanation is based on knowledge of equilibria of alternative steps. The professor might also assume that the student implies information about how one of the alternatives influences the energetics of subsequent steps or how subsequent steps influence the equilibria of the alternatives. Meanwhile, the student might literally mean that the step is represented simply because it leads to the product. Reasoning about energetic influences has much greater explanatory power than teleological reasoning taking the consequence of mechanistic steps as the reason for their prediction. In both cases, however, the same backward-oriented reasoning is applied. Information about subsequent parts in the mechanism is used to make a decision about prior parts. To qualitatively compare the reasoning patterns and the causality employed by students and expected by their professor, we used a mechanistic approach from philosophy of science that mirrors the directionality of a mechanism and its components: activities, entities, and their properties. Our analysis led to the identification of different reasoning patterns involving backward-oriented reasoning. Participants' use of properties gave additional insight into the students' reasoning and their professor's expectations, which supports the necessity for clear expectations in mechanistic reasoning in organic chemistry classrooms. We present a framework that offers a lens to clarify these expectations and discuss implications of the framework for improving student mechanistic reasoning in organic chemistry.
Enantioselective synthesis of cyclopenta[b]benzofurans via an organocatalytic intramolecular double cyclization
Authors: Paz Bruno Matos , Li Yang , Thøgersen Mathias Kirk , Jørgensen Karl Anker
Published: October 2017

An enantioselective organocatalytic strategy, combining Brønsted base and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis in a unique manner, is demonstrated for a concise construction of the privileged cyclopenta[b]benzofuran scaffold, present in many bioactive compounds having both academic and commercial interests.
Transition metal redox switches for reversible “on/off” and “slow/fast” single-molecule magnet behaviour in dysprosium and erbium bis-diamidoferrocene complexes
Authors: Dickie Courtney M. , Laughlin Alexander L. , Wofford Joshua D. , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S. , Nippe Michael
Published: October 2017

We present an in-depth experimental study of a new class of heterometallic, redox-switchable single-molecule magnets (SMMs).
Single-cell study of the extracellular matrix effect on cell growth by in situ imaging of gene expression
Authors: Sun Yupeng , Deng Ruijie , Zhang Kaixiang , Ren Xiaojun , Zhang Ling , Li Jinghong
Published: October 2017

The effect of extracellular matrix stiffness on cell growth and the underlying molecular mechanism was investigated using an in situ single-cell imaging of gene expression method based on rolling circle amplification.
Nonequilibrium mode-coupling theory for dense active systems of self-propelled particles
Authors: Nandi Saroj Kumar , Gov Nir S.
Published: October 2017

The physics of active systems of self-propelled particles, in the regime of a dense liquid state, is an open puzzle of great current interest, both for statistical physics and because such systems appear in many biological contexts. We obtain a nonequilibrium mode-coupling theory for such systems and present analytical scaling relations through mapping with a simpler model of a single trapped active particle.
Impact of microstructure and crystallinity on surface exchange kinetics of strontium titanium iron oxide perovskite byin situoptical transmission relaxation approach
Authors: Chen Ting , Harrington George F. , Sasaki Kazunari , Perry Nicola H.
Published: October 2017

Processing-structure-oxygen surface exchange kinetics relationships in perovskite (Sr,Ti)FeO3−xwere clarified by non-contact optical transmission relaxation, with kinetics optimized upon crystallization.
A comparative study of anion-exchange membranes tethered with different hetero-cycloaliphatic quaternary ammonium hydroxides
Authors: Dang Hai-Son , Jannasch Patric
Published: October 2017

Quaternary ammonium (QA) cations with high alkaline stability are crucial for the long term performance of anion-exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells.
A promising nanohybrid of silicon carbide nanowires scrolled by graphene oxide sheets with a synergistic effect for poly(propylene carbonate) nanocomposites
Authors: Qu Hao , Wang Yong , Ye Yun Sheng , Zhou Wei , Bai Shou Ping , Zhou Xing Ping , Peng Hai Yan , Xie Xiao Lin , Mai Yiu-Wing
Published: October 2017

The PPC-based nanocomposites, incorporated with SiC/GO nanohybrids, show synergistic effects with superior thermal, mechanical, shape memory and barrier properties.
Enabling high-volumetric-energy-density supercapacitors: designing open, low-tortuosity heteroatom-doped porous carbon-tube bundle electrodes
Authors: Zhao Jing , Li Yiju , Wang Guiling , Wei Tong , Liu Zheng , Cheng Kui , Ye Ke , Zhu Kai , Cao Dianxue , Fan Zhuangjun
Published: October 2017

In our work, we successfully design B, N co-doped porous carbon tube bundles for high-volumetric-energy-density supercapacitor.
Ferrocene covalently confined in porous MOF as signal tag for highly sensitive electrochemical immunoassay of amyloid-β
Authors: Han Jing , Zhang Mengfei , Chen Guojun , Zhang Yongqing , Wei Qing , Zhuo Ying , Xie Gang , Yuan Ruo , Chen Sanping
Published: October 2017

This work provides a universal strategy to attain precise modification of MOF signal tags for sensitive electrochemical detection of proteins.
Structure–property relationship of D–A type copolymers based on phenanthrene and naphthalene units for organic electronics
Authors: Kim Yeong-A , Kang Minji , Jeon Ye-Jin , Hwang Kyeongil , Kim Yeon-Ju , Jang Soo-Young , Kim In-Bok , Kwon Gucheol , Kim Dong-Yu
Published: October 2017

Four donor–acceptor (D–A) type conjugated polymers were synthesized for organic photovoltaics and organic field effect transistors.
The disentangling of hysteretic spin transition, polymorphism and metastability in bistable thin films formed by sublimation of bis(scorpionate) Fe(ii) molecules
Authors: Iasco O. , Boillot M.-L. , Bellec A. , Guillot R. , Rivière E. , Mazerat S. , Nowak S. , Morineau D. , Brosseau A. , Miserque F. , Repain V. , Mallah T.
Published: October 2017

The hysteretic spin transition of a 130 nm-thick film becomes quantitative by annealing the co-crystallized metastable phase.
High efficiency inductive output tubes with intense annular electron beams
Authors: Appanam Karakkad J. , Matthew D. , Ray R. , Beaudoin B. L. , Narayan A. , Nusinovich G. S. , Ting A. , Antonsen T. M.
Published: October 2017

For mobile ionospheric heaters, it is necessary to develop highly efficient RF sources capable of delivering radiation in the frequency range from 3 to 10 MHz with an average power at a megawatt level. A promising source, which is capable of offering these parameters, is a grid-less version of the inductive output tube (IOT), also known as a klystrode. In this paper, studies analyzing the efficiency of grid-less IOTs are described. The basic trade-offs needed to reach high efficiency are investigated. In particular, the trade-off between the peak current and the duration of the current micro-pulse is analyzed. A particle in the cell code is used to self-consistently calculate the distribution in axial and transverse momentum and in total electron energy from the cathode to the collector. The efficiency of IOTs with collectors of various configurations is examined. It is shown that the efficiency of IOTs can be in the 90% range even without using depressed collectors.
Hybrid models for chemical reaction networks: Multiscale theory and application to gene regulatory systems
Authors: Winkelmann Stefanie , Schütte Christof
Published: October 2017

Well-mixed stochastic chemical kinetics are properly modeled by the chemical master equation (CME) and associated Markov jump processes in molecule number space. If the reactants are present in large amounts, however, corresponding simulations of the stochastic dynamics become computationally expensive and model reductions are demanded. The classical model reduction approach uniformly rescales the overall dynamics to obtain deterministic systems characterized by ordinary differential equations, the well-known mass action reaction rate equations. For systems with multiple scales, there exist hybrid approaches that keep parts of the system discrete while another part is approximated either using Langevin dynamics or deterministically. This paper aims at giving a coherent overview of the different hybrid approaches, focusing on their basic concepts and the relation between them. We derive a novel general description of such hybrid models that allows expressing various forms by one type of equation. We also check in how far the approaches apply to model extensions of the CME for dynamics which do not comply with the central well-mixed condition and require some spatial resolution. A simple but meaningful gene expression system with negative self-regulation is analysed to illustrate the different approximation qualities of some of the hybrid approaches discussed. Especially, we reveal the cause of error in the case of small volume approximations.
Abelian Turaev-Virelizier theorem and U(1) BF surgery formulas
Authors: Mathieu Ph. , Thuillier F.
Published: October 2017

In this article, we construct the Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant associated with the Drinfeld Center of the spherical category arising from the U(1) BF theory on a closed 3-manifold M. This invariant is shown to coincide with the Turaev-Viro invariant of M thus providing an example of the Turaev-Virelizier theorem. Finally we exhibit some surgery formulas for the abelian Turaev-Viro invariant which are very similar to the surgery formulas of the abelian Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant obtained in the U(1) Chern-Simons context.
Electric-field control of electronic transport properties and enhanced magnetoresistance in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/0.5BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3-0.5Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3 lead-free multiferroic structures
Authors: Yan Jian-Min , Gao Guan-Yin , Liu Yu-Kuai , Wang Fei-Fei , Zheng Ren-Kui
Published: October 2017

We report the fabrication of lead-free multiferroic structures by depositing ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) polycrystalline films on polished 0.5BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3-0.5Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3 (BZT-BCT) piezoelectric ceramic substrates. By applying electric fields to the BZT-BCT along the thickness direction, the resistivity of LSMO films can be effectively manipulated via the piezoelectric strain of the BZT-BCT. Moreover, the LSMO polycrystalline films exhibit almost temperature independent and significantly enhanced magnetoresistance (MR) below TC. At T = 2 K and H = 8 T, the MR of polycrystalline films is approximately two orders of magnitude higher than that of LSMO epitaxial films grown on (LaAlO3)0.3(SrAl1/2Ta1/2O3)0.7 single-crystal substrates. The enhanced MR mainly results from the spin-polarized tunneling of charge carriers across grain boundaries. The LSMO/BZT-BCT structures with electric-field controllable modulation of resistivity and enhanced MR effect may have potential applications in low-energy consumption and environmentally friendly electronic devices.
All-silicon light-emitting diodes waveguide-integrated with superconducting single-photon detectors
Authors: Buckley Sonia , Chiles Jeffrey , McCaughan Adam N. , Moody Galan , Silverman Kevin L. , Stevens Martin J. , Mirin Richard P. , Nam Sae Woo , Shainline Jeffrey M.
Published: October 2017

We demonstrate cryogenic, electrically injected, waveguide-coupled Si light-emitting diodes (LEDs) operating at 1.22 μm. The active region of the LED consists of W centers implanted in the intrinsic region of a p-i-n diode. The LEDs are integrated on waveguides with superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). We demonstrate the scalability of this platform with an LED coupled to eleven SNSPDs in a single integrated photonic device.
A switchable positive and negative air pressure device for efficient and gentle handling of nanofiber scaffolds
Authors: Hotaling Nathan A. , Khristov Vladimir , Maminishkis Arvydas , Bharti Kapil , Simon Carl G.
Published: October 2017

A scaffold handling device (SHD) has been designed that can switch from gentle suction to positive pressure to lift and place nanofiber scaffolds. In tissue engineering laboratories, delicate fibrous scaffolds, such as electrospun nanofiber scaffolds, are often used as substrates for cell culture. Typical scaffold handling procedures include lifting the scaffolds, moving them from one container to another, sterilization, and loading scaffolds into cell culture plates. Using tweezers to handle the scaffolds can be slow, can damage the scaffolds, and can cause them to wrinkle or fold. Scaffolds may also acquire a static charge which makes them difficult to put down as they cling to tweezers. An SHD has been designed that enables more efficient, gentle lifting, and placement of delicate scaffolds. Most of the parts to make the SHD can be purchased, except for the tip which can be 3D-printed. The SHD enables more reliable handling of nanofiber scaffolds that may improve the consistency of biomanufacturing processes.
Metriplectic integrators for the Landau collision operator
Authors: Kraus Michael , Hirvijoki Eero
Published: October 2017

We present a novel framework for addressing the nonlinear Landau collision integral in terms of finite element and other subspace projection methods. We employ the underlying metriplectic structure of the Landau collision integral and, using a Galerkin discretization for the velocity space, we transform the infinite-dimensional system into a finite-dimensional, time-continuous metriplectic system. Temporal discretization is accomplished using the concept of discrete gradients. The conservation of energy, momentum, and particle densities, as well as the production of entropy is demonstrated algebraically for the fully discrete system. Due to the generality of our approach, the conservation properties and the monotonic behavior of entropy are guaranteed for finite element discretizations, in general, independently of the mesh configuration.
A 3D-printed microbial cell culture platform with in situ PEGDA hydrogel barriers for differential substrate delivery
Authors: Kadilak Andrea L. , Rehaag Jessica C. , Harrington Cameron A. , Shor Leslie M.
Published: October 2017

Additive manufacturing, or 3D-printing techniques have recently begun to enable simpler, faster, and cheaper production of millifluidic devices at resolutions approaching 100–200 μm. At this resolution, cell culture devices can be constructed that more accurately replicate natural environments compared with conventional culturing techniques. A number of microfluidics researchers have begun incorporating additive manufacturing into their work, using 3D-printed devices in a wide array of chemical, fluidic, and even some biological applications. Here, we describe a 3D-printed cell culture platform and demonstrate its use in culturing Pseudomonas putida KT2440 bacteria for 44 h under a differential substrate gradient. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel barriers are patterned in situ within a 3D-printed channel. Transport of the toluidine blue tracer dye through the hydrogel barriers is characterized. Nutrients and oxygen were delivered to cells in the culture region by diffusion through the PEGDA hydrogel barriers from adjacent media or saline perfusion channels. Expression of green fluorescent protein by P. putida KT2440 enabled real time visualization of cell density within the 3D-printed channel, and demonstrated cells were actively expressing protein over the course of the experiment. Cells were observed clustering near hydrogel barrier boundaries where fresh substrate and oxygen were being delivered via diffusive transport, but cells were unable to penetrate the barrier. The device described here provides a versatile and easy to implement platform for cell culture in readily controlled gradient microenvironments. By adjusting device geometry and hydrogel properties, this platform could be further customized for a wide variety of biological applications.
Extended symmetry analysis of generalized Burgers equations
Authors: Pocheketa Oleksandr A. , Popovych Roman O.
Published: October 2017

Using enhanced classification techniques, we carry out the extended symmetry analysis of the class of generalized Burgers equations of the form ut + uux + f(t, x)uxx = 0. This enhances all the previous results on symmetries of these equations and includes the description of admissible transformations, Lie symmetries, Lie and nonclassical reductions, hidden symmetries, conservation laws, potential admissible transformations, and potential symmetries. The study is based on the fact that the class is normalized, and its equivalence group is finite-dimensional.
Multiferroic properties of the Y2BiFe5O12 garnet
Authors: Durán A. , Ostos C. , Arnache O. , Siqueiros J. M. , García-Guaderrama M.
Published: October 2017

Multiferroic properties are found in the Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) modified with Bi3+. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the Bi3+ ion is completely soluble up to one-third of the Y molar content forming the Y2BiFe5O12 compound as a single phase. Structural analysis did not show signals of other incipient non-centrosymmetric phases in the compound. However, the dielectric and polarization studies clearly exhibit a typical relaxor ferroelectric behavior at room temperature where the maxima of the broad permittivity peaks shift with frequency. The quadratic diffuseness coefficient obtained from the modified Curie–Weiss law suggests polar nanoregion switching in a broad temperature range. Using the Vogel–Fulcher relationship, the activation energy and freezing temperature were found to be 243.1 meV and 322.6 K, respectively. Here, the main contribution to relaxation comes from thermally activated reorientation of the dipole moments, as confirmed by the well-defined hysteresis loops in the P-E measurements. The dipole fluctuations arise from the compositional disorder induced by Bi3+ ions randomly distributed in the lattice, having thermally active polarization fluctuations above the freezing temperature, Tf. Furthermore, it is found that Bi3+ preserves the magnetization features of this compound. Thus, the Bi3+ modified YIG compound is found to be a multiferroic material at room temperature.
Estimating the burden of genital warts in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Tsen-Fang , Kothari-Talwar Smita , Yee Karen , Kulkarni Amit , Lara Nuria , Roset Montserrat , Giuliano Anna R. , Garland Suzanne M.
Published: October 2017

Background
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of genital warts in Taiwan among those seeking healthcare, as well as genital-warts-related healthcare resource use and costs, and self-reported genital-warts-related psychosocial impact. Methods: Genital warts prevalence estimates were extracted from a daily record of patients examined from 31 October 2011 to 4 May 2012 by 67 physicians in Taiwan. Physicians recorded the total number of patients and genital warts patients seen daily for 2 weeks. These physicians also completed a survey regarding healthcare resource use, treatment, follow-up care, and referral patterns. Patient psychosocial impact was estimated using a self-administered survey. Results: The overall prevalence of genital warts in Taiwan was estimated at 1.1%, with a higher prevalence among men. A total of 146 genital warts case patients were included in the study (76 men, 70 women). Median costs for diagnosis and treatment were US$222 for male and US$351.8 for female patients. Male genital warts subjects reported a negative psychosocial impact on their well-being and health-related quality of life – psychosocial impact results are reported in the Supplementary Material file. Conclusions: Genital warts prevalence was higher among male patients; female patients incurred higher costs. Among men, genital warts had a negative psychosocial impact on well-being and health-related quality of life.
The comparative basis of intensification
Authors: König Ekkehard
Published: October 2017

This paper argues that the ubiquitous cognitive process of comparing and the resultant judgements of similarity and dissimilarity also underlie the semantic processes of intensification and grading to a large extent. This comparative basis is visible both in the formal properties of many intensifiers and in central aspects of their semantics: Intensifiers may overtly encode a comparison (e.g. crystal clear, royally, outstanding) and an emotional reaction to a comparison (surprisingly, frightfully), or they may imply a comparison with a covert standard in endocentric expansions of simple adjectival predications. In order to gain a new perspective on their meaning, the relations between intensifiers, on the one hand, and demonstratives, exclamatives and comparative constructions, on the other, are analyzed and a semantic typology of comparative constructions is outlined and discussed in relation to the central hypothesis.
Intensification strategies in German and Italian written language
Authors: Calpestrati Nicolò
Published: October 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate a group of six Fremdpräfixe or prefissi intensivi within the context of intensification and to observe both how they work and are perceived by native Italian and German speakers. This work is structured in two parts: the first part is made up of a structured questionnaire to investigate how such prefixes are considered and evaluated from speakers of both languages with the aim of creating an intensity scale. The second part investigates the combinability of the foreign prefixes with specific stems and their presence in a corpus of written language: COSMASII Korpus (IDS Mannheim) for German and CORIS/CODIS Corpus (University of Bologna) for Italian.
Intentional vagueness
Authors: Voghera Miriam , Collu Laura
Published: October 2017

In this article, we present a corpus-based analysis to illustrate the extent and the depth of the similarities in the use of Vagueness Expressions (VEs) in spoken Italian and German. Adopting a semiotic approach to the study of vagueness, we have investigated the frequency and the distribution of VEs, conveying informational, relational and discourse vagueness in conversations, non-free-dialogues and monologues. The two languages do not exhibit the same qualitative and quantitative distribution of VEs because (a) German has twice as many VEs as Italian and (b) in Italian VEs are fairly limited to spontaneous conversations, while German speakers use VEs in all kinds of texts conveying the three types of Vagueness. This suggests that in German VEs are part of the linguistic norm, and not only a choice on the part of the speaker.
Morphosyntactic defectiveness in complex predicate formation
Authors: Espinal M.Teresa
Published: October 2017

This article focuses on verb valency change in complex predicate formation by noun incorporation. I reassess the claim that incorporated nouns and clitics in both Uto-Aztecan and Romance languages are morphosyntactically defective, and I show that crucially morphosyntactic defectiveness, but not semantic prototypicality is a necessary condition in many natural languages in order to identify formally those nominal expressions that are to be interpreted as property-denoting expressions and event predicate modifiers, rather than as canonical syntactic and semantic arguments.
The semantics of Nahuatl tla- constructions
Authors: Navarro Ía
Published: October 2017

Nahuatl tla- constructions are described as complex predicates formed by a verbal base and an unspecified object pronoun that has weakened its formal status in favor of an abstract semantic contribution. We propose that the formal status of tla- is that of a defective pronoun, which fails to make a formal contribution in favor of a semantic one and causes the verbal base to be interpreted in a specific fashion. Furthermore, we show that the meaning of the resulting complex constructions depends on both, the tla- semantic contribution and the verbal base semantic and configurational properties. Based on descriptive and theoretical background, we disagree with tla- being categorized as an antipassive marker – as others propose –, instead we suggest that tla- constructions are the result of an event modification process and that the outcome of this process depends on how the operation interacts with the verbal base lexical properties.
Valency-changing operations in Yaqui resultatives
Authors: Álvarez González Albert
Published: October 2017

This paper describes the resultative constructions existing in Yaqui (Uto-Aztecan) and discusses the valency issues involved in these constructions. The study shows that Yaqui has five different syntactic types of resultatives: S-, A- and bivalent S-resultatives marked by the suffix -(l)a, and P- and R-resultatives marked by the suffix -(r)i. The analysis of the different valency-changing operations present in these constructions demonstrates that the -(l)a resultativization does not trigger a valency change, contrary to the -(r)i resultativization that always implies a valency decreasing operation. More specifically, it is shown that P-resultatives and personal passives exhibit a functional overlap, that R-resultatives are derived from an applicative construction, and that the bivalent S-resultative is in fact an externally possessed S-resultative that can be considered an external possession construction if the base verb is a non-derived intransitive verb root and if the possessive relation is an inanimate inalienable possession. As for the suffix -la used in A-resultatives, some evidences indicate that it is in the process of being grammaticalized as a perfect/anterior marker in Yaqui.
Valency-decreasing operations in a valency-increasing language?
Authors: Lander Yury , Letuchiy Alexander
Published: October 2017

This paper surveys valency-changing operations in West Circassian (Adyghe), a polysynthetic language of the Northwest Caucasian family. This language has an amazing number of means to increase valency, which include various kinds of applicativization and causativization. In this paper we also present processes which may look valency-decreasing and argue that they do not necessarily remove arguments, even though some of them change transitivity. This implies, in particular, the need for distinguishing between valency change and transitivity change.
Th1 effector T cells selectively orchestrate cardiac fibrosis in nonischemic heart failure
Authors: Nevers Tania , Salvador Ane M. , Velazquez Francisco , Ngwenyama Njabulo , Carrillo-Salinas Francisco J. , Aronovitz Mark , Blanton Robert M. , Alcaide Pilar
Published: October 2017

Despite emerging data indicating a role for T cells in profibrotic cardiac repair and healing after ischemia, little is known about whether T cells directly impact cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs) to promote cardiac fibrosis (CF) in nonischemic heart failure (HF). Recently, we reported increased T cell infiltration in the fibrotic myocardium of nonischemic HF patients, as well as the protection from CF and HF in TCR-α−/− mice. Here, we report that T cells activated in such a context are mainly IFN-γ+, adhere to CFB, and induce their transition into myofibroblasts. Th1 effector cells selectively drive CF both in vitro and in vivo, whereas adoptive transfer of Th1 cells, opposite to activated IFN-γ−/− Th cells, partially reconstituted CF and HF in TCR-α−/− recipient mice. Mechanistically, Th1 cells use integrin α4 to adhere to and induce TGF-β in CFB in an IFN-γ–dependent manner. Our findings identify a previously unrecognized role for Th1 cells as integrators of perivascular CF and cardiac dysfunction in nonischemic HF.
MALDIrppa: quality control and robust analysis for mass spectrometry data
Authors: Palarea-Albaladejo Javier , Mclean Kevin , Wright Frank , Smith David G E
Published: October 2017

This R package helps to implement a robust approach to deal with mass spectrometry (MS) data. It is aimed at alleviating reproducibility issues and pernicious effects of deviating signals on both data pre-processing and downstream data analysis. Based on robust statistical methods, it facilitates the identification and filtering of low-quality mass spectra and atypical peak profiles as well as monitoring and data handling through pre-processing, which extends existing computational tools for high-throughput data.

Availability and implementation

MALDIrppa is implemented as a package for the R environment for data analysis and it is freely available to download from the CRAN repository at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=MALDIrppa.
Cdc42 regulates the cellular localization of Cdc42ep1 in controlling neural crest cell migration
Authors: Cohen Shlomi , Kovari Daniel T , Wei Wenbin , Keate Rebecca , Curtis Jennifer E , Nie Shuyi
Published: October 2017

The member of Rho family of small GTPases Cdc42 plays important and conserved roles in cell polarity and motility. The Cdc42ep family proteins have been identified to bind to Cdc42, yet how they interact with Cdc42 to regulate cell migration remains to be elucidated. In this study, we focus on Cdc42ep1, which is expressed predominantly in the highly migratory neural crest cells in frog embryos. Through morpholino-mediated knockdown, we show that Cdc42ep1 is required for the migration of cranial neural crest cells. Loss of Cdc42ep1 leads to rounder cell shapes and the formation of membrane blebs, consistent with the observed disruption in actin organization and focal adhesion alignment. As a result, Cdc42ep1 is critical for neural crest cells to apply traction forces at the correct place to migrate efficiently. We further show that Cdc42ep1 is localized to two areas in neural crest cells: in membrane protrusions together with Cdc42 and in perinuclear patches where Cdc42 is absent. Cdc42 directly interacts with Cdc42ep1 (through the CRIB domain) and changes in Cdc42 level shift the distribution of Cdc42ep1 between these two subcellular locations, controlling the formation of membrane protrusions and directionality of migration as a consequence. These results suggest that Cdc42ep1 elaborates Cdc42 activity in neural crest cells to promote their efficient migration.
First Report of Embellisia allii Causing Skin Blotch and Bulb Canker on Garlic in Montana
Authors: Lonergan Erin , Skoglund Linnea G.
Published: October 2017

Embellisia allii has been reported on garlic (Allium sativum L.) worldwide. It was most recently reported in California in 2012. E. allii is not restricted to garlic and has been shown to also infect leek and onion. This is the first report of E. allii causing bulb canker in garlic in Montana.

Accepted for publication 21 August 2013. Published 24 September 2013.
Characterization of Resistance of Peanut to Puccinia arachidis
Authors: Power Imana L. , Culbreath Albert K. , Tillman Barry L.
Published: October 2017

Peanut rust, caused by Puccinia arachidis Speg, is an important foliar disease of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in tropical countries. The best option for disease management is host resistance. The objectives of this project included characterizing peanut genotypes for resistance to P. arachidis, assessing the genetic variation of newly developed Collaborative Research and Support Program (CRSP) peanut breeding lines, and assessing genetic variability among P. arachidis populations. In field studies conducted over 2010-2011, several CRSP breeding lines demonstrated varying levels of rust resistance. Detached leaf assays were used to examine the components of resistance to P. arachidis. Few significant differences were observed in these studies. We used SSR markers to characterize newly developed CRSP breeding lines, plant introductions, and commonly grown cultivars. The SSR markers used detected polymorphisms but were not able to distinguish resistant from susceptible peanut genotypes. Sequences of the 5.8S-ITS2-28S region of P. arachidis isolates collected from different regions in the United States and other countries do not indicate high genetic variability among the populations.

Accepted for publication 23 September 2013. Published 25 November 2013.
Learning naturalistic temporal structure in the posterior medial network
Authors: Aly Mariam , Chen Janice , Turk-Browne Nicholas B. , Hasson Uri
Published: October 2017

The posterior medial network is at the apex of a temporal integration hierarchy in the brain, integrating information over many seconds of viewing intact, but not scrambled, movies. This has been interpreted as an effect of temporal structure. Such structure in movies depends on pre-existing event schemas, but temporal structure can also arise de novo from learning. Here we examined the relative role of schema-consistent temporal structure and arbitrary but consistent temporal structure on the human posterior medial network. We tested whether, with repeated viewing, the network becomes engaged by scrambled movies with temporal structure. Replicating prior studies, posterior medial regions were immediately locked to stimulus structure upon exposure to intact but not scrambled movies. However, for temporally structured scrambled movies, functional coupling within the network increased across stimulus repetitions, rising to the level of intact movies. Thus, temporal structure is a key determinant of network dynamics and function in the posterior medial network.
Assessment of the need for separate test set and number of medical images necessary for deep learning: a sub-sampling study
Authors: Rokem Ariel , Wu Yue , Lee Aaron
Published: October 2017

Deep learning algorithms have tremendous potential utility in the classification of biomedical images. For example, images acquired with retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to accurately classify patients with adult macular degeneration (AMD), and distinguish them from healthy control patients. However, previous research has suggested that large amounts of data are required in order to train deep learning algorithms, because of the large number of parameters that need to be fit. Here, we show that a moderate amount of data (data from approximately 1,800 patients) may be enough to reach close-to-maximal performance in the classification of AMD patients from OCT images. These results suggest that deep learning algorithms can be trained on moderate amounts of data, provided that images are relatively homogenous, and the effective number of parameters is sufficiently small. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in this application, cross-validation with a separate test set that is not used in any part of the training does not differ substantially from cross-validation with a validation data-set used to determine the optimal stopping point for training.
Adenylate kinase-4 modulates oxidative stress and stabilizes HIF-1α to drive lung cancer metastasis
Authors: Jan Yi-Hua , Lai Tsung-Ching , Yang Chih-Jen , Lin Yuan-Feng , Huang Ming-Shyan , Hsiao Michael
Published: October 2017

Disrupting signaling axes that are essential for tumor metastasis may provide therapeutic opportunity to cure cancer. We previously identified adenylate kinase 4 (AK4) as a biomarker of metastasis in lung cancer. Here we analyze AK4-associated metabolic gene signature and reveal HIF-1α is transcriptionally activated and associated with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Overexpression of AK4 shifts metabolism towards aerobic glycolysis and elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which stabilizes and exaggerates HIF1-α protein expression and concurrently drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hypoxia. Furthermore, overexpression of AK4 reduces hypoxic necrosis in tumors and promotes liver metastasisin vivo. Connectivity map analysis of AK4 gene signature identifies Withaferin-A as a potential compound to inhibit AK4-HIF-1α signaling axis, which then shows promising anti-metastatic potency in an orthotopic xenograft model of lung cancer. Our findings offer an alternative strategy to impair lung cancer metastasis via targeting AK4-HIF-1α axis.