bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of a New Accounting Standard on Social and Environmental Mandatory Reporting in Financial Statements: The Case of largest Companies in Gipuzkoa (2007-2008)
Authors:   Universidad de Deusto, Aranguren Gómez Nagore , Ochoa Laburu Elena ,   Universidad de Deusto, Ochoa Laburu Juan Luis ,   Universidad de Deusto
Published: February 2025

This paper sets out to analyze the disclosure of mandatory social and environmental information by a sample of large companies in Gipuzkoa after the new accounting standard «Plan General Contable 2007» was issued and came into force in Spain in 2008. The objective of this study is to explore the impact of the new standard in the disclosure of mandatory social and environmental information. To that end the content analysis of the annual reports for 2007 and 2008 was carried out and two disclosure indexes were developed. Results evidence a high level of compliance with the standard but low quality information. Companies under study seem to respond to changes in the regulatory framework accepting it but in many cases only symbolically.
Balance de la Gran Recesión y retos de la economía vasca para la próxima década
Authors:   Gobierno Vasco, Alberdi Larizgoitia Alberto , Olalde Maguregui Arantza ,   Gobierno Vasco
Published: February 2025

Tras varios años de vuelta al crecimiento estamos en mejores condiciones para entender en toda su profundidad el significado de la Gran Recesión, algo que resulta indispensable para pensar en los retos actuales de nuestro progreso y bienestar. Por ello, este artículo trata de desarrollar esa comprensión analizando el desempeño competitivo, la financiarización y el papel estabilizador del sector público para ver lo que ese legado supone para el modelo económico del futuro. Al mismo tiempo que se identifican esos rasgos del modelo de crecimiento se abordan tres condicionantes adicionales, que tienen que ver con la globalización, la demografía y el cambio climático, que habían permanecido en segundo plano pero que han estallado ahora para configurarse como tendencias de fondo tanto o más importantes que las estrictamente económicas debidas al modelo de acumulación. Tomados conjuntamente esos rasgos y esos condicionantes, nos ayudarán a dibujar los perfiles de los retos de una estrategia de desarrollo en el horizonte de la próxima década.
La gobernanza económica de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco: entre la continuidad y la novedad
Authors:   Cardiff University, Morgan Kevin , Navarro Mikel ,   Orkestra, Valdaliso Jesús M. ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

El artículo examina, desde la perspectiva teórica de la gobernanza experimental y el avance de los procesos de descentralización asimétrica en el mundo, la gobernanza económica de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco (CAPV) en la actualidad y los retos de futuro. El artículo analiza, en primer lugar, la distribución de competencia y los mecanismos de coordinación entre las administraciones de la CAPV y las del resto del Estado y la Unión Europea, por un lado, y dentro de la CAPV, entre gobierno, diputaciones y ayuntamientos; y, a continuación, la gobernanza de las estrategias de transformación, también conocidas como estrategias RIS3, desde 2013 en adelante. El análisis del caso del País Vasco muestra un balance más o menos adecuado entre continuidad y novedad tanto en las políticas como en los sistemas de gobernanza y coordinación que, no obstante, debe afrontar urgentemente dos grandes retos: la debilidad de la innovación no tecnológica y la incorporación de agentes relevantes, en particular las universidades y las ciudades, a la sala de máquinas del sistema.
La educación en Euskadi: dilemas y retos
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Monzón González Javier , Luna Arcos Francisco ,   ISEI-IVEI
Published: February 2025

Este artículo plantea un acercamiento a la compleja, diversa y dinámica realidad educativa en Euskadi. Con el esfuerzo y el compromiso social, político y educativo se ha conseguido construir un sistema educativo bilingüe caracterizado por indicadores de excelencia y altas tasas de graduación y titulación en las distintas etapas educativas. Sin embargo, transcurridos 40 años desde la asunción de las competencias educativas, es necesaria una reflexión profunda y sosegada que nos permita repensar algunos dilemas relevantes y retos actuales propios, pero también los que son comunes a la educación del futuro en la sociedad del conocimiento. A lo largo del artículo, tras analizar la literatura científica del área, así como informes oficiales de evaluación, se plantean algunas reflexiones acerca de algunos retos esenciales, como la encrucijada de responder a las necesidades sociales locales/globales y, a la vez, responder a las exigencias de las evaluaciones externas o de priorizar un currículum de excelencia según los estándares actuales o una educación inclusiva e integral.
De la crisis a la recuperación: el replanteamiento de la política vasca de vivienda en el nuevo escenario económico y social
Authors:   IKEI, Garzo Uranga Mamen , Gallo Rodríguez Laura ,   IKEI, Corral Alza Antonio ,   IKEI
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo analiza las consecuencias de la Gran Recesión en la política de vivienda del Gobierno Vasco. La reducción de los recursos públicos disponibles limitó mucho la capacidad de respuesta a las necesidades de vivienda de la población, precisamente en un momento en que el mercado inmobiliario se veía muy afectado. El artículo estudia la evolución de los presupuestos de vivienda y el modo en que la política se ha ido adaptando a la nueva situación, tanto en sus instrumentos como en sus objetivos, particularmente en el marco de la nueva Ley de Vivienda: derecho subjetivo a la vivienda, alquiler, rehabilitación, etc. Finalmente, se plantean una serie de reflexiones de cara al futuro.
Evolución de la inversión en infraestructuras en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco (2007-2018)
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Moreno Díaz José
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se pretende revisar las tendencias recientes que han seguido las inversiones en materia de infraestructuras productivas y de su distribución funcional en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco, teniendo en cuenta que la crisis financiera que aún perdura en las economías desarrolladas afecta notoriamente a la capacidad de financiación de dichas inversiones. Se intenta, en la medida de lo posible, determinar qué activos han sido los más afectados, en un sentido u otro, y cuáles son los déficits estructurales en esta materia, bajo la hipótesis de que las infraestructuras son esenciales para un territorio, en términos de desarrollo, de crecimiento, y muy especialmente, para su progreso económico y social.
Heterogeneidad sectorial en la digitalización empresarial en Euskadi
Authors:   Universidad de Deusto, Zubillaga Rego Agustín , Pastor López Iker ,   Universidad de Deusto
Published: February 2025

La digitalización ha venido alterando la actividad empresarial de manera acelerada. Mediante un análisis a nivel meso-económico, este trabajo analiza la evolución de la digitalización en la economía vasca tras la crisis a partir de un marco basado en taxonomía sobre la intensidad digital de los sectores económicos. A este marco se ha añadido la dimensión temporal que permite comprender su comportamiento a lo largo del tiempo. El resultado muestra la existencia de heterogeneidad de la digitalización en las ramas de actividad de la economía vasca con distintos patrones en su evolución, y señala la necesidad de reforzar las estrategias de digitalización de las actividades más débilmente digitalizadas identificadas.
Chemical composition, free radicals, pathogenic microbes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase suppressant proprieties of essential oil derived from Moroccan Mentha pulegium: in silico and in vitro approaches
Authors: El abdali Youness , Jalte Meryem Meryem , Agour Abdelkrim , Allali Aimad , Chebaibi Mohamed , Bouia Abdelhak
Published: February 2025

Several bioactive phytochemicals found in herbal products, particularly in essential oils (EOs), are proved to be vital in the prevention of chronic illnesses including infectious and metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was, firstly to identify the phyto-chemical composition and assess, in vitro, the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Mentha pulegium EO, and secondly, to evaluate its potential antidiabetic effects, in silico. GC-MS analysis was employed for the examination of EO phytochemical composition. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, the scavenging of free (DPPH) radicals, and the examination of total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The antimicrobial efficacy against pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as Candida albicans was evaluated through the determination of minimal inhibitory (MIC), bactericidal (MBC), and fungicidal (MFC) concentrations, alongside the utilization of disc diffusion techniques. By use of molecular docking antidiabetic potential of pennyroyal EO was also tested. The analysis revealed a total of thirteen components in M. pulegium EO, with pulegone (72.05%) being the major component, followed by 8-hydroxy-p-menthan-3-one (5.97%) and imidazolidine (3.23%). Pennyroyal EO displayed a notable antioxidant potential, as assessed by FRAP and DPPH assays, marking an EC50 and IC50 values of 26.500 ± 0.200 mg/mL and 054.630 ± 1.350 mg/mL, correspondently. The examined EO also possessed a total antioxidant capacity of 52.610 ± 4.734 mg AAE/g EO. The findings of antimicrobial test showed a notable efficacity of M. pulegium EO against S. aureus (MIC = MBC = 3.058 mg/mL), E. coli (MIC = 6.076 mg/mL / MBC = 6.125 mg/mL) and C. albicans (MIC = MBC = 3.063 mg/mL). Regarding the antidiabetic potential, in silico analysis identified imidazolidine as the most active molecule against the α-glucosidase (PDB: 5NN8) and the α-amylase (PDB: 1B2Y) enzymes marking glide scores of -8.393 and -7.172 kcal/mol, correspondently. These findings suggest that the EO derived from Moroccan M. pulegium holds promise as a potent natural remedy against free radicals and resistant pathogenic microbes. Moreover, it shows potential as a promising solution for managing diabetes disorders.
Propagation method and germination condition of an arid and semi-arid species: Withania frutescens (L.)
Authors: EL Moussaoui Abdelfattah , Zouirech Otmane , Jawhari Fatima Zahra , Bari Amina
Published: February 2025

Withania frutescens (L.) is a species of the solanaceae family found in arid and semi-arid zones, and has a place in traditional phytotherapy. This plant is subject to over-exploitation by the indigenous population, which is reducing its distribution in their natural environment. Our aim is to find a method for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of this species. Seeds and cuttings were selected from different individuals of the same species. Viability tests were carried out (buoyancy test, tetrazolium test) to determine the seeds with the best germination rate. The selected seeds were subjected to chemical and mechanical tests (chemical scarification with sulphuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, potassium nitrate (KNO3) and hot water). The second method of propagation is by cuttings with hormonal intervention to solve the problem of rooting the cuttings. The fruits of W. frutescens are berries 7 to 10 mm in diameter with a water content of around 12.48%. The length, width and average thickness of the seeds are 3 to 5 mm, 2 to 3 mm and 1 to 1.5 mm respectively. The control (water) showed no germination, compared to the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hot water treatments with 16.34% and 12.69%, respectively. W. frutescens seeds show a common triphasic pattern of water uptake over the 72 hours of evaluation. Phase I is characterised by relatively rapid water uptake. During phase II, the seeds remain on average without any significant increase in weight. Phase III for the average population is around 50 hours. Monitoring of the growth parameters for 12 weeks shows that the W. frutescens cuttings showed growth from the second week and the parameters changed until the last week. The number of leaves (Nfe) was about 4.89±2.53 in the third week and about 22.88±8.71 in the last week (12 weeks). The number of flowers (NFL) was about 4.64±1.68 during the last week and the number of nodes (ND) about 5.60±1.78. However, when the growth of the cuttings was monitored, the rate of appearance of root callus in the cuttings was around 2.51±0.74% for cuttings not treated with AIB. However, treatment of the cuttings with AIB showed a root callus rate of 23.45±5.09% as a peak at a concentration of 312.50 µg/mL AIB. On the other hand, the high concentration (5 mg/mL) and the low concentration (78.10 µg/mL) showed a rate of about 0.0±0 and 8.91±1.42%, respectively. W. frutescens is an endangered species and requires in-situ and ex-situ conservation.
Phytochemical characterization, acute toxicity, and hemolytic activity of Cotula cinerea (Del.) aqueous and ethanolic extracts
Authors: Agour Abdelkrim , Mssillou Ibrahim , El Abdali Youness , Bari Amina , Lyoussi Badiaa , Derwich Ehoussine
Published: February 2025

The toxicity of a plant extract is important in the design of medicinal plant-based drugs. A test of the hemolytic effect of a substance on red blood cells (RBC) is an essential starting point. The objective of this study is the phytochemical characterization of the aqueous extract (CCA) and the ethanolic extract (CCE) from the aerial parts of Cotula cinerea (C. cinerea), by LC-TOF-MS, to evaluate their acute toxicity at two different doses (1000 and 2000 mg/kg), and to assess their hemolytic activity against RBC of rat. For the acute toxicity assessment, statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in body weight between treated and control groups over a 14-day period. Liver and kidney weights also showed no significant variation between treated and control groups. Biochemical parameters such as ASAT, ALAT, urea, and creatinine showed similar levels in all groups, with slight variations observed for some parameters. In the hemolytic test, CCE concentrations showed a significantly higher percentage of hemolysis, whereas CCA had no hemolytic effect on RBC of rat. These data suggest the non-toxic effect of CCA, making it suitable for the preparation of medications involved in the treatment of various diseases. However, the CCE exhibits a concentration-dependent hemolytic effect. This underscores the dual nature of plant secondary metabolites. Further research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms behind these effects and to harness the therapeutic potential of plant extracts while mitigating undesirable hemolytic reactions.
SỬ DỤNG PHẦN MỀM QUIZIZZ ĐỂ THIẾT KẾ BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ VIỆC HỌC TỪ VỰNG CỦA  SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ NHẤT NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC HỒNG ĐỨC
Authors: Trần Lê Thị Thanh Hương , Lê Thanh Dương , Nguyễn Hương Ly , Mai Thị Hoài , Lê Phương Dung
Published: February 2025

Nghiên cứu này khai thác phần mềm Quizizz để thiết kế hệ thống bài tập từ vựng tiếng Anh và hỗ trợ sinh viên luyện tập từ vựng. Đề tài được thực hiện với 72 sinh viên năm thứ nhất ngành ngôn ngữ Anh tại trường Đại học Hồng Đức dưới dạng nghiên cứu thực nghiệm. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu được thu thập từ Pre-test và Post-test để so sánh kết quả của sinh viên ở hai nhóm trước và sau thực nghiệm. Khảo sát cũng được thực hiện để điều tra quan điểm của sinh viên về mức độ hài lòng sau khi ứng dụng phần mềm này. Phỏng vấn trực tiếp 10 sinh viên tham gia thực nghiệm cũng góp phần giúp các nhà nghiên cứu hiểu sâu hơn những trải nghiệm của sinh viên. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, nhóm thực nghiệm đạt thành tích cao hơn nhóm đối chứng trong việc học từ vựng. Sinh viên cũng thể hiện thái độ tích cực hơn trong việc học từ vựng tiếng Anh thông qua hệ thống bài tập được thiết kế trên phần mềm Quizizz. Một số kiến nghị và đề xuất được nêu ra nhằm nâng cao tính hiệu quả của ứng dụng Quizizz với việc dạy và học từ vựng.
HIỆU QUẢ VIỆC ÁP DỤNG MÔ HÌNH LỚP HỌC ĐẢO NGƯỢC (FLIPPED CLASSROOM) ĐẾN MỨC ĐỘ THAM GIA HỌC TẬP KỸ NĂNG VIẾT CỦA SINH VIÊN CHUYÊN NGỮ TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC HỒNG ĐỨC
Authors: Hoàng Thị Minh Hoàng Thị Minh , Cao Kỳ Duyên , Lê Minh Huyền , Ngô Khánh Linh , Mai Thị Hồng Anh
Published: February 2025

Trong rất nhiều phương pháp dạy học để nâng cao mức độ tham gia học tập nhằm góp phần cải thiện chất lượng dạy học thì mô hình lớp học đảo ngược (flipped classroom) đã được khẳng định là rất hiệu quả trên thế giới nhưng lại chưa thực sự được khai thác nhiều ở Việt Nam. Do đó, chúng tôi đã tiến hành nghiên cứu “Hiệu quả việc áp dụng mô hình flipped classroom đến mức độ tham gia học tập kỹ năng viết của sinh viên chuyên ngữ trường Đại học Hồng Đức” và thu được những kết quả khả quan qua thu thập và phân tích dữ liệu từ phiếu khảo sát, phỏng vấn, quan sát lớp học khi áp dụng mô hình này với 75 sinh viên lớp K25A và K25C ngành sư phạm tiếng Anh.
PHÁT TRIỂN KỸ NĂNG NÓI VÀ NGHE CHO HỌC SINH TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG TRONG GIỜ ĐỌC VĂN
Authors: Trần Hoàng Thị Mai
Published: February 2025

Nói và nghe là hai trong bốn kĩ năng cốt lõi mà môn Ngữ văn có nhiệm vụ phải hình thành cho học sinh. Theo Chương trình giáo dục phổ thông môn Ngữ văn năm 2018, kĩ năng nói và nghe không chỉ được dạy trong giờ nói và nghe mà còn được yêu cầu tích hợp trong các giờ đọc văn, viết văn. Đọc văn chủ yếu phát triển kĩ năng đọc nhưng cũng là môi trường thuận lợi để phát triển kĩ năng nói và nghe cho HS. Trong thực tế, GV chưa chú ý đúng mức đến việc tích hợp phát triển kĩ năng nói và nghe cho HS trong giờ đọc văn. Trên cơ sở nghiên cứu lí thuyết dạy nói và nghe, chương trình, sách giáo khoa Ngữ văn 2018, bài viết này đề xuất mục tiêu, nội dung tích hợp, các biện pháp tích hợp phát triển kĩ năng nói và nghe cho HS THPT trong giờ đọc văn.
Persepsi Guru Pendidikan Islam (GPI) Terhadap Teknik Teknik Pengajaran Sirah Di Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Najihah Saidatul , Ajmain Talhah , Amiruddin Al Afiq
Published: February 2025

Guru-guru merupakan penggerak utama sebagai agen perubahan untuk melahirkan modal insan yang bermanfaat kepada agama, bangsa dan negara. Justeru, Guru Pendidikan Islam (GPI) memainkan peranan yang sangat penting dalam melahirkan pelajar yang berpengetahuan luas, berakhlak mulia dan berkemahiran dari pelbagai aspek kehidupan. Oleh itu, kajian ini meliputi perbahasan aspek sejarah pengajaran dan pembelajaran Sirah dan keperluan pembelajaran Sirah dalam kurikulum pendidikan Islam. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti Tahap Persepsi Guru Pendidikan Islam (Gpi) Terhadap Teknik Teknik Pengajaran Sirah Di Sekolah Menengah. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif dengan mengumpul data melalui instrumen kajian yang telah disesuaikan mengikut konteks pengajaran Sirah. Data yang diperoleh daripada sejumlah responden GPI yang mewakili pelbagai latar belakang akademik dan pengalaman mengajar di Skudai, Johor Bahru. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS Statistics versi 29.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa teknik-teknik pengajaran Sirah yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan kepada PAK21 menunjukkan kepada tahap yang tinggi. Namun, terdapat beberapa teknik yang bertahap sederhana iaitu teknik yang menggunakan Augmented Reality (AR). Hal ini akan membantu meningkatkan kualiti pendidikan Islam di sekolah menengah, dengan penekanan kepada pengembangan kurikulum yang lebih relevan dan efektif terhadap keperluan pelajar serta perkembangan pendidikan global masa kini.
A REVIEW OF THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ACADEMIC WRITING
Authors: Subedi Rameshor , Nyamasvisva Tadiwa Elisha
Published: February 2025

have revolutionized many aspects of the writing process, offering both opportunities and challenges for researchers, academicians, students and educators. AI in academic writing presents substantial possibilities by acting as an intelligent writing assistant, language translator, supporting automated summarization, enhancing writing styles and grammar, and enabling data analysis and visualization. To ascertain the influence of AI in academic writing, a comprehensive review of literature related to artificial intelligence, machine learning, and academic writing were conducted. This study aims to address three distinct challenges, including the widespread usage of AI-enabled tools for academic writing, problems with authorship, copyright, and plagiarism in AI-generated content, and how these problems might be fixed. The primary aim of this article is to recognize and highlight the implication of AI in the context of academic writing. To improve their writing abilities, particularly in academic writing, learners, academic researchers, authors, and educators would benefit more from this study. However, the authorship, copyright and plagiarism should be taken into consideration. In the machine generated text, the authorship and copyright  go to the user who gives the input in his. When AI-generated text is combined with original content and thoroughly reviewed using plagiarism detection software, it helps reduce the risk of plagiarism.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Academic Writing, Natural Language Processing
reforma trabalhista e sua racional aquiescência
Authors: Carvalho Almir Antonio Fabricio de
Published: February 2025

O artigo busca trazer esclarecimento de como a Reforma Trabalhista foi facilmente aceita pela sociedade, mesmo tendo em seu bojo claros prejuízos à classe trabalhadora. Buscar demonstrar que as circunstâncias estratégicas das políticas neoliberais são um propósito essencial para entender como a racionalidade neoliberal se tornou uma coerência global. Para isto o artigo se divide em 4 pontos, que desenvolvem como o neoliberalismo criou um projeto político e global. Para isto o artigo se valeu especialmente das contribuições dos autores Christian Laval e Pierre Dardot. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base no método teórico/dedutivo, a partir da análise de obras doutrinárias e artigos científicos.
Desastres naturais e direitos trabalhistas
Authors: Lustosa Taciana Santos
Published: February 2025

O estudo teve como objetivo explorar a relação entre os direitos trabalhistas e os desastres naturais, analisando como essa interseção está intrinsecamente ligada às vulnerabilidades sociais da classe trabalhadora e ao racismo ambiental. Com o advento das mudanças climáticas, os desastres naturais emergem como uma nova preocupação nas relações laborais, pois em períodos de crise, é comum a adoção de práticas de flexibilização das normas trabalhistas, tais como a redução de salários e jornadas de trabalho. A pesquisa teve como metodologia a revisão de literatura para delimitação do tema e para a contextualização do problema de pesquisa, a partir dos quais foram estabelecidos os fundamentos teóricos.
papel da jurisdição no combate ao assédio moral
Authors: Baggio Andreza Cristina , Caggiano Polyana Lais Majewski
Published: February 2025

O estudo analisa a função da jurisdição constitucional no acesso à justiça e defesa de trabalhadores vulneráveis, com foco no assédio moral no trabalho, caracterizado por ações repetitivas e abusivas que comprometem a saúde física e emocional do empregado. A Constituição de 1988, por meio do princípio da proteção, oferece instrumentos para corrigir injustiças e promover direitos como dignidade, igualdade e saúde. A pesquisa examina os desafios enfrentados pelas vítimas, como o medo de retaliações e a dificuldade em reunir provas, destacando a vulnerabilidade do empregado perante o empregador. Por meio de decisões judiciais, o artigo evidencia o papel do Judiciário na proteção dos trabalhadores e na aplicação de reparações proporcionais aos danos sofridos. Apesar dos avanços, como o uso do Protocolo para Julgamento com Perspectiva de Gênero, ainda há obstáculos na quantificação e eficácia das decisões. O artigo ressalta a importância de um ambiente laboral digno e o papel da jurisdição na promoção da justiça social.
“Blond, Blue-eyed Boy” Turned “Dark and Dusky”: Why Can’t Edward Albee’s Nick Be Black?
Authors: Vasak Valentine
Published: February 2025

On May 17 2017, Portland director Michael Streeter posted an infuriated Facebook status lamenting the fact that the Edward Albee Estate had not granted him the rights to Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? because he had cast a black actor as Nick, the ambitious and handsome young academic who shows up at Martha and George’s late night afterparty. This post triggered a heated online debate: charges of racism were leveled at the estate whereas other commentators claimed that the author’s intent should always prevail. To what extent does non-traditional casting introduce a re-semanticization of the theatrical text as literary object? What does it reveal about the power relationships within the competitive work environment of the American theatre circuit? This paper seeks to investigate this digital era dispute, to unravel its threads of online comments in order to outline the race politics of one of the most famous American playwrights of all times.
No Adjectives: New American Realism
Authors: Robinson Marc
Published: February 2025

Twenty-first-century American experiments in realist performance commit so thoroughly to the form as to estrange it. Its most conceptually ambitious playwrights and directors—Jackie Sibblies Drury, Richard Nelson, Richard Maxwell, and David Levine, among others—rigorously test its premises and principles, stripping representations of ornament or underscoring their factitiousness. In the process, the artists cultivate in spectators an awareness of how their seeing intervenes in, and sometimes threatens to violate, the objects of their attention. This essay pays special attention to two works at seemingly opposite ends of the stylistic spectrum—Drury’s Really (2016, first directed by Maxwell) and Nelson’s Apple Family: Scenes from Life in the Country (2010-13, first directed by the playwright). For all their differences, both playwrights are scornful of coercive forms of mimesis, attentive to subdural emotion, and drawn to interrupted narratives and kinetic, mutable dramatic worlds.
“Fulfill Your Obligations to Yourself Aesthetically”. Young Jean Lee on Experimental Theater and Teaching Playwriting. An interview with Young Jean Lee.
Authors: Vatain-Corfdir Julie
Published: February 2025

In this interview, playwright, director and playwriting professor Young Jean Lee discusses her approach to writing and teaching, and reflects on some of her experiences touring and presenting her plays. Her views on downtown theater, diversity, audience reception and artistic resilience gradually outline the portrait of a leading force of the experimental theater scene.
“Plays as Sculptures”. Richard Maxwell’s Dramaturgy or the Art of Inventing New Shapes. An interview with Richard Maxwell
Authors: Jouve Émeline
Published: February 2025

In this interview, Richard Maxwell, writer, stage director and artistic director of New York City Players, discusses his approach to dramaturgy. Throughout the conversation, Maxwell attempts to define the nature of his writing and to pinpoint the specific features of his style, which differs from the traditional American realist trend.
From Gertrude Stein to Richard Maxwell: Language, Performativity and Sensuousness in 21st-Century American Dramaturgy
Authors: Sidiropoulou Avra
Published: February 2025

Referencing Gertrude Stein’s landscape aesthetic—a way of rendering alive human consciousness by means of physicalizing it through language—several American playwrights have been infusing performative (spatial and incantatory) forms into the very tissue of their writing, from the latter part of the 20th century to date. Present as sound poetry or principles of fiction, formal elements that undermine traditional structures of dramatic writing have generated a tradition of experimental voices as distinct as those of Charles Mee, Mac Wellman and Richard Maxwell, among others. In these playwrights’ works, characters are often created and developed linguistically, their physical selves subordinated to their speech, while texts are frequently as elliptical and “oral” as poems and other times as narrational and cerebral as novels, breathing within liminal spaces that defy easy categorization, but also resonating with performative potential.
Transformational Leadership For Inclusive Business And Their Social Impact On Bottom Of The Pyramid (Bop) Populations
Authors: Sathi Akter  , Md Ramjan Ali  , Md. Mokit-Ul Hafiz  , S M Al Imran
Published: February 2025

The goal of the present study is to probe into the essential role of transformational leadership and diversity in culture for the successful implementation of business models aiming at the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP).Inclusive businesses seek to alleviate poverty. This is done by integrating people from BOP backgrounds as consumers, suppliers, or distributors of companies producing goods; it cares for economic empowerment and social fairness. This research uses transformational leadership theory and cultural dimensions theory for its analysis. Leadership practices are measured, as well the impact of cultural sensitivity on ways in which people access goods and services, their level of employment or income. The results show that transformational leaderships significantly improve results: for example, transformational leadership's dimensions such as inclusiveness, innovation and transformation (enterprise). The study offers guidance to entrepreneurs and policymakers. It emphasizes the need for sustainable, scalable strategies in order to demonstrate that the economic and social impact of Inclusive business initiatives can be maximized to pay off.
Position and Content of Ministerial Regulations In the Perspective of the Presidential System
Authors: Hari Sanjaya
Published: February 2025

Regulatory obesity at the central and regional levels causes problems in the arrangement of legislation. The very diverse ministerial regulations make it difficult for local governments to follow up on them. The problems studied in this study are, first, what is the position and content of ministerial regulations in the perspective of legislation and the presidential system in Indonesia? Second, how are efforts to avoid obesity in the formation of ministerial regulations in the administration of government? The two problems will be analyzed descriptively qualitatively, using a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of this study conclude that, first, ministerial regulations are basically not included in the hierarchy of legislation, they can only be issued by ministers as long as there is authority or an order from a higher law to regulate them and only apply internally for the interests of the institutions they lead. However, ministers/ministries in the presidential system are not responsible to parliament but to the President, so the right person to determine the legislation should be the President; second, to avoid obesity in the formation of ministerial regulations, the president only needs to form a Government Regulation or Presidential Regulation, and does not need to delegate to ministers to form implementing regulations.
Case Study of Dispute Resolution Due to Force Majeure and Covid 19
Authors: Muhammad Nawawi
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the settlement of default disputes due to force majeure and the COVID-19 pandemic, which have caused delays in the implementation of contractual obligations. The background of this study focuses on the impact of COVID-19 as a force majeure event that affects various business sectors and causes the inability of parties to fulfill their obligations. The research method used is normative juridical, with an analytical approach to relevant legal regulations and case studies to understand the implementation of the law in force majeure situations. The results of the study show that COVID-19 is widely recognized as a legitimate reason for delaying obligations based on the principle of force majeure. The dispute resolution process often involves negotiation, mediation, or arbitration as an alternative to formal litigation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of force majeure provisions in contracts and flexibility in dispute resolution. Dispute resolution outside the courts, through mediation or arbitration, is often more efficient and solution-oriented than litigation. This study recommends that contracts include clear force majeure clauses and encourage the use of alternative methods to resolve disputes, in order to maintain fair and sustainable business relationships in the future.
USE OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES AMONG BELGRADE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WITH DIAGNOSED SOMATIC OR MENTAL DISORDERS
Authors: Stojanovic-Tasic Mirjana , Virijevic Mirjana , Rakic Kristina , Novakovic Emilija , Stasevic Karlicic Ivana , Milosevic Nenad , Aritonovic Pribakovic Jelena , Milosevic Jovana , Bogdanovic Milica , Adzic Suzana , Bisevac Katarina , Vuksa Mary
Published: February 2025

Introduction/Objective

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between use of psychoactive substances among University students and diagnosed somatic or mental disorders.

Methods

The cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of 2,000 students of the Belgrade University. Four faculties (Medicine, Geography, Economics, Electrical Engineering) from which the students participating in this research were chosen by the method of random choice (by computer listing), conducted in the period April - June 2010.

Results

We observed that are more numerous students who used psychoactive substances among students with diagnosed somatic illnesses compared to those without them. Statistical significance was found among students who used tobacco (p=0.027), alcohol (p=0.002), sedatives (p&lt;0.001) and cannabis (p=0.021). Mental disorders are also connected to use of psychoactive substances. The statistical significance was achieved for all psychoactive substances except for alcohol.

Conclusion

Use of psychoactive substances is an important issue among University students with diagnosed somatic or mental disorder. Therefore, it is essential to recognize the symptoms and consequences of such behavior, and above all and connection thereof, the importance of prevention which may enhance better solution-seeking via proper education.
STANDARD AND ADVANCED METHODS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS COMORBIDITIES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Markovic Jovanovic Snezana , Jovanović Aleksandar , Mitić Jadranka , Pajovic Slavica , Jovanovic Danijela , Bajramlic Emin
Published: February 2025

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical entity of substantial heterogeneity, represented by the combination of obesity (especially central obesity),insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, atherogenic dyslipidemia (high triglyceride levels and low levels of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)), and hypertension. Childhood obesity has become more common as a result of urbanization, bad diets, and more sedentary lifestyles.

The incidence of metabolic syndrome is ten times higher in children with obesity, and a special risk factor is the presence of obesity in the pediatric population, the classification of metabolic syndrome is based on standards set by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF).

Our goal is to summarize the diagnostic procedure of metabolic syndrome as well as comorbidity based on conventional methods and modern imaging procedures by analyzing the published papers.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY DETECTION OF DIABETES INSIPIDUS IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: Jovanović Danijela , Marković- Jovanović Snezana , Tubić Teodora
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease that occurs due to inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone from the pituitary, or as a result of disorder in which the level of the kidneys cannot adequately respond to the secretion of this hormone. Also, it is known as central diabetes insipidus. The most common causes are head traumas, tumors of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands, inflammatory processes, histiocytosis, anomalies in the development of brain. It can appear in the form of familial diabetes insipidus or in certain syndromes (Wolfram syndrome). It is characterized by hypotonic polyuria higher than 3l/24h (which persists if even taking liquids stops), then by nocturia and compensatory polydipsia. Enuresis often occurs among children.

Case report:

A boy, aged 11, lives with his mother and brothers. Mother noticed that the boy was urinating frequently in last few months (diuresis 4.6 l/24h, and 3.25 l/24h). After two months, the boy developed double images and severe headaches, vomiting, inability to see, squinting in the right eye and headache in the back of the head. MNR of the endocranium indicates the presence of a tumor formation. The tumor was surgically removed, and the boy started with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Due to persistent diabetes insipidus, the boy started using desmopressin-acetate - in tablet form. Active substance desmopressin - acts in the same way as the natural hormone vasopressin and regulates the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. The positive effect of taking the drug appeared after three weeks from the start of taking the therapy.

Conclusion:

Central (neurogenic) DI occurs as a result of a relative or absolute deficiency of antidiuretic hormone, which is responsible for the osmolality of body fluids. Based on this case, we want to show the importance of early diagnosis of the disease in order to improve the prognosis and the necessity of careful monitoring of these patients.
Indigenous Knowledge System and Linguistic Code with Reference to Ngu Loc Community of Vietnam: A Socio-linguistic Appraisal
Authors: Dutta Hemanga , Xuyen Pham Thi Ha
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the use of indigenous knowledge and linguistic code used in the Ngu Loc community settled in Hau Loc district, Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam which has a rich tradition of eight hundred years. This paper contributes to the understanding of the formation and development of an indigenous knowledge system of this coastal village in Vietnam. It evaluates the intrinsic relationship between existing natural environmental habitat and coastal resident communities specifically in order to express the value of experience involved in fishing activity as reflected in traditional folk practices, ritual, and proverbs. This study considers the relationship between language and culture too on an explicit canvas which further talks about the difficulties a translator encounters while transmitting the knowledge system embedded in a typical community’s language into another language. To what extent a translator can contribute in bridging the gap caused by culture and geography is a question of major concern in this research work.
Kajian Placemaking Selasar Malioboro Sebagai Tempat Istirahat Wisatawan Yang Baru Tiba Via Stasiun Yogyakarta
Authors: Nauval Akmal Lutfi  , Hanif Budiman  , Nabila Salma F
Published: February 2025

Placemaking is a planning and design approach aimed at developing public spaces to be more attractive, functional, and beneficial for society. It aims to create better environments and social interaction. Selasar is a location or road that connects a street with another in a city. Some cities create specific types of spaces, such as the new Selasar Malioboro in Yogyakarta, which was developed as part of the PT.Kereta Api Indonesia program on March 1, 2021. This new space is intended to improve the existing public spaces in Yogyakarta, ensuring that new and existing spaces are considered as valuable. To implement this, qualitative research methods such as field observations, active data collection, and literature surveys are used, along with Human Centered Urban Design.
A Study on the Preparation and Properties of Hydrogel Cosmetic Color Contact Lens with Aniline Group
Authors: Bang Seong Hoon , Sung A Young
Published: February 2025

Currently, ultraviolet exposure is increasing day by day due to the destruction of the ozone layer and the increase
in outdoor activities due to environmental pollution. On the other hand, the aniline group used in this study is the simplest structure of aromatic amines, and the characteristics of coloring in air are introduced into hydrogel hydrophilic contact lenses to be used as UV blocking contact lenses. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate [HEMA], Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate[EGDMA] as a crosslinking, and 2,2 -Azobis (2-methylpropionitrile) [AIBN] as a initiarorwere used as basic combinations. Also 2-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline(2A), 3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline(3A), 4-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline(4A) were added and copolymerized. As for 4A, the water content decreased as the addition ratio increased, and accordingly, the refractive index increased and the wettability decreased. 2A and 3A did not show significant changes in refractive index and wettability according to the addition ratio, but the moisture content of 2A decreased and the moisture content of 3A did not change significantly. In the case of light transmittance, there was no significant change in 2A and 3A, but at 10% of 3A and 4A, transmittance in the UV-B and UV-A regions was significantly lowered. Therefore, it is judged that these materials can be used in functional color contact lens for blocking UV rays.
Research on Kitsch Characteristics Appearing in Blackpink s Make-up
Authors: Cho Kyung Mi , Kim So Young , Kam Seung Ja
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of kitsch, which emerged as an important aesthetic value in popular society after the industrial revolution of the 19th century, in Blackpink s make-up. Modern society has come to a point where all the art products in which the interpretation of self-deception , arguably Kitsch s most essential attribute, has been published have been equated with popular culture (Moles, 1971/1995). At present, at the forefront of its popular culture is the Korean Wave, and at the center of the Korean Wave is the Black Pink. Therefore, examining the kitsch characteristics in Blackpink s make-up will help to understand the needs of modern consumers.
The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of kits, which emerged as an important aesthetic value
of popular society after the industrial revolution of the 19th century, in Blackpink s make-up. This study is intended to examine research trends on the antimicrobial activity of natural extracts that have no adverse effects against dandruff bacteria and to provide basic data about the natural extracts that have antimicrobial effects.
As a research method, the characteristics of kitsch were analyzed through literature study, and based on this, cases with kitsch characteristics among Blackpink s make-up were reviewed.
In this study, the representative characteristics of kitsch were classified into three types: amusing feature, nostalgic feature, and sensuality feature, and Blackpink makeup was analyzed and classified accordingly.
In Blackpink s make-up, the amusing feature represents a lovely and cute girlish and childish image rather than a noble and sophisticated image. The nostalgic feature represents a return to the hippie or bohemian, or a folk image through oriental lines, decorations and colors. Finally, the sensuality feature appears in the form of chaos and eroticism, which are two-sided values of sexuality.
Preparation and Properties of cosmetic hydrogel lenses containing bismuth oxide
Authors: Park Seon-Young , Sung A-Young
Published: February 2025

This study used lenses made using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), a basic material for hydrogel lenses, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and an initiator 2,2'-Azobis (2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN). A combination of the hydrophilic additives N, N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMA), N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), methacrylic acid (MA), and the nanomaterial Bismuth (III) oxide was added to prepare a Comparative group lens. As a result of measuring the change in the physical properties of the produced contact lens, the result was a water content of 38-50%, a refractive index of 1.413-1.435, and a tensile strength of 0.0866-0.1877kgf/mm². Regardless of the hydrophilic additive, the prepared contact lens showed tensile strength as the content of Bismuth (III) oxide increased, and the unique color of Bismuth (III) oxide was expressed in the lens as it was. In particular, the combination of NVP and Bismuth (III) oxide has the best tensile strength, so it is judged that it can be applied as a material for beauty contact lenses with durability.
An analysis of the effect of cold sore on the intention of re-treatment and recommending lip semi-permanent makeup consumers
Authors: Jung Hyun , Jung Yu-Jin
Published: February 2025

Lip semi-permanent makeup makes faces look nice and lively, and has the advantage of shortening makeup routine, but some discomfort might need to be discussed because of cold sores that may occur after lip semi-permanent makeup.
Most of the preceding studies on semi-permanent makeup are about eyebrows, but on the other hand, there are few studies on semi-permanent makeup about lips. Especially, Studies on lip semi-permanent makeup due to the occurrence of blisters caused by the herpes virus, one of the complaints of customers who proceeded lip semi-permanent makeup, are still lacking. The purpose of this study is to find out the frequency of cold sores due to lip semi-permanent makeup, and to provide basic data to seek the development direction of the field of lip semi-permanent makeup by examining satisfaction with lip semi-permanent makeup and desire to touch up. In this study, a survey was conducted through 314 adult men and women nationwide on social media, who had experience in lip semi-permanent makeup, and to analyze the effect on the intention of re-treatment, based on the satisfaction of lip semi-permanent makeup and also the desire to recommend others. The study was used SPSS descriptive statistics. The immediate occurrence of cold sores after lip semi-permanent makeup was 28.1%, the occurrence rate, within 3 to 4 days, was 62.7%, and the complete cured rate, within 1 week, was 51.2%. The clients seem satisfied with a pretty high rated numbers on the study, the biggest reason was 'convenience' rated 56.9%, and the second biggest reason was ‘confidence’ rated 55.9%, which are both rated over a half. 56.9% of clients has answered that they are willing to touch up ‘to the operator who offered the treatment’ regardless of experiencing cold sores, 54.9% has said that they would do it ‘at the place where the treatment was performed.’ 86.7% has answered that they would like to recommend lip semi-permanent makeup to the people around them which generally shows a positive response.
From the results of the study above, it was found that more than half of the participants who experienced lip semipermanent makeup had an intention to try it again in the future, regardless of whether or not they had cold sores. If the precaution part was well taken, complaints about cold sores would be much more reduced and it would lead the lip semipermanent makeup market to grow active and safe. In order to do that, there are more follow-up studies needed.