bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Neuroprotective Mechanism of IGF-2 in Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Zhang Yingyu , Xu Na , Yu Kaikai , Wang Xiaoshuang , Gu Jiebing , Yu Le , An Jing , Wang Yan , Dong Mingxin , Sun Chengbiao , Zhang Jianxu , Zhao Na , Liu Wensen , Han Xuemei
Published: February 2023

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease and AQP4 antibody (AQP4-IgG or NMO-IgG) is the major cause of NMOSD. However，Many of the underlying molecular mechanisms in the occurrence and development of NMOSD disease are not completely understood. Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) is a multifunctional cell proliferation regulator which plays an essential role in early embryonic development. Recent studies have shown that IGF-2 has a crucial effect on memory and learning function in the brain and has a neuroprotective function. In this study, we investigated IGF-2 the neuroprotective effect of IGF-2 in NMOSD.
Metheds: The proteomic analysis of serum proteins of NMOSD patients and normal persons was carried out, and significant differential proteins were found. The screened differential proteins were verified and analyzed, and their roles in the pathogenesis of NMOSD were studied in vivo and in vitro.
Results: In this study, we found a significant down-regulation of IGF-2 in serum of patients with the NMOSD compared with the normal group, through a serum proteomic analysis of clinical patients. Our results revealed that IGF-2 could reduce AQP4-IgG-induced apoptosis and inflammation in astrocytes by activating IGF-1R and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in vitro. Overexpression of IGF-2 in astrocytes reduced the effect of AQP4-IgG on astrocyte glutamate uptake. In addition, the administration of IGF-2 could improve pathological changes in the CNS of injured mice model.
Conclusion
In this study, we found that IGF-2 could be a potential target for diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.
Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal and One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass outcome comparison in an Obese Rat Model
Authors: Chu Yuxiao , Widjaja Jason , Wang Jian , Wu Wei , Hong Jian , Zhu Xiaocheng , Yao Libin
Published: February 2023

Background
Complications after single anastomosis bariatric surgeries such as one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and single anastomosis sleeve ileal bypass (SASI) remain controversial. This study aimed to compare the effect, comorbidity remission, malnutrition, and most importantly, the influence of biliary reflux in rats that underwent SASI and OAGB.
Methods
Diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats received SASI (n = 8), OAGB (n = 8), esojejunostomy, (EJ) (n = 8), and SHAM (n = 8) surgeries. Changes in weight, glucose tolerance, and serum nutrient expression were analyzed. Bile acid concentration measurement and histological investigations were performed using the esogastric sections of rats. The follow-up period was 12 weeks.
Results
We did not observe statistically significant differences in weight changes between the SASI and OAGB groups. The concentration of mean bile acid was 1.5-fold higher in the OAGB group than in the SASI group. We observed esophageal hyper-papillomatosis in three groups (SASI = 37.5%, OAGB = 87.5%, EJ = 100). The OAGB group had a significantly higher level of mucosae than the SASI group, as well as lower levels of albumin and iron. No obvious dysplasia or intestinal metaplasia was observed after a 12-week follow-up.
Conclusions
The SASI procedure was proved to have a more positive anti-reflux effect than the OAGB procedure, as well as better glucose control and lower risks for hypoalbuminemia. Further clinical results are required.
Increased production of pathogenic, airborne fungal spores upon exposure of a soil mycobiota to chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants
Authors: Martins Celso , Piontkivska Daryna , Mil-Homens Dalila , Guedes Paula , Jorge João M.P. , Brinco João , Bárria Cátia , Santos Ariana C.F. , Barras Ricardo , Arraiano Cecília , Fialho Arsénio , Goldman Gustavo H. , Pereira Cristina Silva
Published: February 2023

Background Organic pollutants are omnipresent and can penetrate all environmental niches. We evaluated the hypothesis that short-term (acute) exposure to aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants could increase the potential for fungal virulence. We analysed whether pentachlorophenol and triclosan pollution results in the production of airborne fungal spores with greater virulence than those derived from an unpolluted (Control) condition. Results Each pollutant altered the composition of the community of airborne spores, favouring an increase in strains with higherin vivoinfection capacity (wax mothGalleria mellonellaused as infection model). Fungi subsisting inside larvae, 72h post-infection and arising from either airborne spore-inoculum, exhibited comparable diversity (mainly withinAspergillus fumigatus). Several virulentAspergillusstrains were isolated from larvae infected with the airborne spores produced in a polluted environment. Meanwhile, strains isolated from the control, including oneA. fumigatusstrain, showed no virulence. Potential pathogenicity increased when twoAspergillusspp. virulent strains were assembled, suggesting the existence of synergisms that impact pathogenicity. None of the observed taxonomic or functional traits could separate the virulent from the avirulent strains. Conclusions Our study emphasises pollution-stress as a possible driver of phenotypic adaptations that increaseAspergillusspp. pathogenicity as well as the need to better understand the interplay between pollution and fungal virulence.
Transport Pathways and Kinetics of Cerebrospinal Fluid Tracers in Mouse Brain Observed by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI
Authors: Zhu Yuran , Wang Guanhua , Kolluru Chaitanya , Gu Yuning , Gao Huiyun , Zhang Jing , Wang Yunmei , Wilson David L. , Zhu Xiaofeng , Flask Chris A. , Yu Xin
Published: February 2023

Background: Recent studies have suggested the glymphatic system as a solute transport pathway and waste removal mechanism in the brain. Imaging intracisternally administered tracers provides the opportunity of assessing various aspects of the glymphatic function. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) allows the evaluation of both the kinetics and spatial distribution of tracer transport in the whole brain. However, assessing mouse glymphatic function by DCE-MRI has been challenged by the small size of a mouse brain and the limited volume of fluids that can be delivered intracisternally without significantly altering the intracranial pressure. Further, previous studies in rats suggest that assessment of glymphatic function by DCE-MRI is dependent on the molecular size of the contrast agents.
Methods: We established and validated an intracisternal infusion protocol in mice that allowed the measurements of the entire time course of contrast agent transport for 2 hours. The transport kinetics and distribution of three MRI contrast agents with drastically different molecular weights (MWs): Gd-DTPA (MW=661.8 Da, n=7), GadoSpin-P (MW=200 kDa, n=6), and oxygen-17 enriched water (H217O, MW=19 Da, n=7), were investigated.
Results: The transport of H217O was significantly faster and more extensive than the two gadolinium-based contrast agents. Time-lagged correlation analysis and clustering analysis comparing the kinetics of Gd-DTPA and H217O transport also showed different cluster patterns and lag time between different regions of the brain, suggesting different transport pathways for H217O because of its direct access to parenchymal tissues via the aquaporin-4 water channels. Further, there were also significant differences in the transport kinetics of the three tracers to the lateral ventricles, which reflects the differences in forces that drive tracer transport in the brain.
Conclusions: Comparison of the transport kinetics and distribution of three MRI contrast agents with different molecular sizes showed drastically different transport profiles and clustering patterns, suggesting that the transport pathways and kinetics in the glymphatic system are size-dependent.
Identifying Autophagy-Related Genes contributing to Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Qichang Xing , Zheng Liu , Yixiang Hu , Qingzi Yan , Wencan Li , Xiang Liu
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Diabetes has a common complication called diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), whose exact pathophysiology is still unknown. In ischemic reperfusion injury to nerve tissues, the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses, and the repair of nerve tissue injuries, autophagy is crucial. Through bioinformatics analysis and validation, we hope to pinpoint the possible autophagy-related differential expressed genes (DEGs) of DPN.
Methods
The GEO database provided the mRNA expression profile dataset GSE185011. R software was used to look for possible DPN autophagy-related DEGs. Then, for the autophagy-related DEGs, protein-protein interactions (PPI), correlation analysis, gene-ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. In the validation set GSE95849, the RNA expression of autophagy-related DEGs was verified in blood samples from DPN patients and healthy controls.
Results
Between 5 DPN patients and 5 healthy controls, a total of 33 autophagy-related DEGs (5 up-regulated genes and 28 down-regulated genes) were found. The PPI analysis showed interactions between these autophagy-related DEGs. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed a number of enriched terms including mitophagy and autophagy. The results of the validation set demonstrated that the expression levels of the genes P4HB, GAPDH, CTSB and RAB7A were significantly decreased, ATG5, CASP3, SQSTM1, ULK1, and 9 other genes in DPN patients were significantly up-regulated in the DPN patients, which were compatible with the bioinformatics analysis of mRNA microarray.
Conclusion
Through bioinformatics research, we identified 17 putative autophagy-related DEGs in DPN. By regulating autophagy, ATG5, CASP3, SQSTM1, ULK1, and another 13 genes may have an impact on DPN formation. These findings might deepen our understanding of DPN and help with DPN treatment.
Pressure Sensor Chip with New Electrical Circuit for 10 kPa Range
Authors: Basov Mikhail
Published: February 2023

Characteristics of high sensitivity MEMS pressure sensor chip for 10 kPa utilizing a novel electrical circuit are presented. The electrical circuit uses piezosensitive differential amplifier with negative feedback loop (PDA-NFL) based on two bipolar-junction transistors (BJT). The BJT has a vertical structure of n-p-n type (V-NPN) formed on a non-deformable chip area. The circuit contains eight piezoresistors located on a profiled membrane in the areas of maximum mechanical stresses. The experimental results prove that pressure sensor chip PDA-NFL with 4.0×4.0 mm2 chip area has sensitivity S = 10.1 ± 2.3 mV/V/kPa with nonlinearity of 2KNL = 0.26 ± 0.12 %/FS (pressure is applied from the back side of pressure sensor chip).
Effects of Rapid Urban Expansion on the Peri-Urban Livelihood of Surrounding Farm Land in the case of Hawassa city, Ethiopia
Authors: Woldegebriel Mefekir , Girma Birhanu
Published: February 2023

The study focus on the socio economic impact of urban expansion on the surrounding displaced farmers in the Hawassa city, to compare and contrast the pre and post displacement livelihood pattern of the farm household and identifying the coping mechanism that the displaced community develops as a new means of livelihood. To achieve these objectives, the data was collected from primary and secondary data source and used a mixed type of research method. The sample was selected from 1321 total displaced households within the year of 2015–2019. From this population 307 respondents were selected by using Simple random sampling technique. Descriptive and econometric model are also used to analyze the data, probit regression models were used to investigate the impact of urban expansion on the livelihood of surrounding displaced farmers. The findings indicate that the expansion of urban areas to surrounding rural farm areas have impacts on the displaced farm land size, farmers’ social and economic levels, due to the change of the living style and means of livelihood from agriculture to urban life style. From the observed ten variables compensation have significant correlation at 0.01% affected the livelihood of expropriated family and farm land size, occupation, family income and social relation have significant correlations at 0.05% level. The remaining variables sex, age, education level, family sizes do not have significant correlations after land expropriation.
In-silico approaches towards development of model irreversible HIV-1 protease inhibitors
Authors: Pradhan Rojalin , Sahu Prabhat K.
Published: February 2023

There is growing evidence for the rapid rise of strains that encode mutant proteases resistant to competitive reversible inhibitors of HIV-1 protease, based on enzyme-substrate interactions and with FDA approval. The inhibition potencies of irreversible inhibitors are less sensitive to mutations so as to inactivate the protein completely by stronger covalent interactions. The development of new irreversible protease inhibitors might be interesting to deal with the future handling of HIV. The mechanisms and binding modes of aziridine based inhibitors have been explored in the present investigations usingin-silicoapproaches: (i) ConfGGS towards structure minimization of model aziridine based inhibitors (ii) Molecular Docking towards predicting the best match between model aziridine based inhibitors and HIV-1 PR (iii) Covalent Docking towards exploring the binding affinity for the covalent interaction between model aziridine based inhibitors and HIV-1 PR (iv) MD Simulation of free enzyme HIV-1 PR and complex with the model aziridine based inhibitors to test and check the quality for the description of inhibition process (v) QM/MM computation to understand the inhibition potency and inhibition reaction at molecular level. Furthermore, ConfGGS/CHARMM has also been used to optimize the reactants and products, obtained from QM/MM computations. The correlation coefficient (R2) values for the dihedral angles of the near optimal structures and QM/MM obtained structures, have been computed and compared for the accuracy and efficacy. The computed results may help and provide assistance for experimental optimizations towards design of more potent protease inhibitors.
Socioeconomic inequality and associated factors affecting health care utilization among the elderly: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: zhang huiru , Chen Mingsheng , Si Lei
Published: February 2023

Background: China has the world’s largest elderly population, a cohort that is particularly vulnerable to socioeconomic disparities. This study assessed inequalities in health care utilization among the elderly in China and identified contributing factors.
Methods: This study used data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study survey. A non-linear probit regression model based on the Andersen Health Care Utilization Model was used to identify determinants of health care utilization among the elderly. The concentration index (CI) was calculated to evaluate inequalities in health care utilization, with a positive value indicating that health care utilization was concentrated among wealthy individuals. The decomposition of the CI was used to identify related contributors to inequalities in health care utilization among the elderly.
Results:A total of 9,780 individuals ≥60 years of age were included in the study. The CI for actual and standardized outpatient visits was 0.0889 and 0.0945, respectively, and the corresponding values for inpatient service utilization were 0.1134 and 0.1176, respectively. Predisposing factors had a negligible effect on disparities in health care utilization while enabling factors were the most important positive contributors to these disparities. The need factors marginally alleviated the gaps in health care utilization among the elderly. Factors that contributed to greater inequality in the utilization of outpatient service included income level (73.72%), Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) (40.93%), non-agricultural Hukou status (12.61%), limited engagement in social activities (11.86%), and higher education level (9.13%). New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) reduced inequalities in outpatient utilization (-34.32%), followed by poor health status (-7.36%). Factors that contributed to greater utilization of inpatient service by wealthier patients included income level (85.15%), UEBMI (31.77%), non-agricultural Hukou status (18.66%), employment (13.30%), and chronic disease (6.28%). NRCMS (-33.19%) and poor health status (-8.30%) reduced inequalities in inpatient service utilization.
Conclusions: Socioeconomic disparities in health care utilization among the elderly are a major concern in China. This study found that a key contributor to these inequalities was income level, followed by UEBMI coverage. Meanwhile, health care coverage through NRCMS was associated with fewer disparities in health care utilization disparities.
Oxygen insufflation via the C-MAC® video stylet increased the fraction of inspired oxygen during intubation in general anesthesia: a bench study
Authors: Chiang Ting-Yun , Teng Wei-Nung , Chiang Cheng , Huang Chao-Lan , Wang Hsin-Yi , Chang Wen-Kuei , Ting Chien-Kun
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The C-MAC® video stylet provides optimal visualization and controlled intubation, and oxygen insufflation via the endotracheal tube (ETT) holder oxygen port shortens the apnea period. However, oral saliva and mucus can block the visual field, hindering intubation and prolonging the apnea period. We assessed the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) under different oxygen flows via the ETT holder port, visibility through the bevel, and factors influencing the FiO2, including the ETT internal diameter (ID), breathing pattern, and nasal cannula use.
Methods
Artificial oral mucus was spread on the bevel to mimic a visual field barrier during intubation. Different oxygen flows (1-15 L/min) were provided via ETTs with two different IDs (6.5 and 8.0 mm) to break the mucus barrier, and the ratio of visible area was calculated. The FiO2 was measured at the carina level in 3-min intubating periods, with and without simultaneous nasal cannula use at 3 L/min. Two different breathing patterns were simulated, apnea and shallow breathing.
Results
Oxygen flow (>6 L/min with 6.5-mm or >9 L/min with 8-mm ETT) could break the mucus barrier and provide a visible area of 66-82% within 1 s. Higher oxygen flow, longer oxygen insufflation, larger-ID ETT during apnea, lower-ID ETT during shallow breathing, and simultaneous nasal cannula use provided a significantly higher FiO2.
Conclusion
Oxygenation via the C-MAC® video stylet improved the visual field and increased the FiO2 during intubation, and can be used with or without a nasal cannula for safer intubation.
Monetary Policy Credibility, Real Exchange rate and Exchange rate pass-through in India
Authors: Peer Arshid Hussain , Baig Mirza Allim
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is three-fold. Firstly, it investigates whether the nominal exchange rate is fulfilling its role for macroeconomic stabilisation? Second, it examines whether the direction of exchange rate change matter for exchange rate pass-through. Third, it investigates the long-standing conjecture in macroeconomics which relates the decline in pass-through to monetary policy credibility.
Design: The Autoregressive distributed lag model is used. For, the first question, the study uses the disaggregate level data of newly introduced consumer price index- combined (CPI-C). The comparison of pass-through between tradable and non-tradable goods is used. For the second issue and third issues, the data of main groups is only used.
Findings: The study finds that exchange rate in India fulfils the role of macroeconomic stabilisation as pass-through is higher for tradable than non-tradable goods. The impact of direction of exchange rate on pass-through is found mixed. The monetary policy credibility matters for the pass-through for the CPI-C. However, for its groups, the evidences are mixed.
Implications: The issue of pass-through is important for the macroeconomic stability and monetary policy credibility. If the pass-through does not vary between tradable and non-tradable components then nominal exchange rate is not fulfilling its role of macroeconomic stability.
Originality: The paper investigates the often-neglected issues of pass-through in the Indian context. Previous studies have mostly focused on aggregate index, our study focus on disaggregated data.
JEL Classification E31, E52, E58, F3, F41
Trending YouTube Video Analysis
Authors: HASAN MD SAKIBUR , Sarker Bishal , Shrestha Diksha , Shrestha Roshan , Shrestha Sajal N.
Published: February 2023

YouTube is an online platform where users may view, share, like, comment on, and subscribe to videos that are created by content creators. The quantity of views, likes, and the age of the video are used to select which videos are included in the trending video category on YouTube. But that is the main challenge faced by the content creators. This main goal of this study is to analyze the factors that influence popular YouTube videos. There are five tasks that were determined to complete: determining the relationship between likes and views; comparing the average time it takes for different categories to trend; identifying the most popular tags; determining the ideal title length; and determining the best day for the video to be popular. YouTube video trending across different countries which will help the content creators to get a better understanding. A dataset from September 2020 to January 2022, which is updated daily, helps determine the correlation between likes and views, the average hours taken to trend across different categories, the most used tags across countries, the optimal title length’s range, the trend over the day of the week, and the optimal day to post the videos. A dataset from September 2020 to January 2022, which is updated daily, helps content creators and users across countries determine the correlation between likes and views, the average hours taken to trend across different categories, the most used tags across countries, the optimal title length’s range, the trend over the day of the week, and the optimal day to post the videos, and helps them make proper content.
Tumor size estimation and 3D model viewing using Deep Learning
Authors: D Venkatavara Prasad , Venkataramana Lokeswari Y , Abhishek K , A Likhitha Verma , Gokhulnath T
Published: February 2023

Cancer is the most deadly and dreaded disease ever encountered by mankind and tumor size plays a crucial role in determining the severity and treatment for the same. Therefore, it becomes imperative to estimate the dimensions of the associated tumor with paramount accuracy and precision so as to enable radiologists and doctors, in general, to effectively prescribe a treatment post-diagnosis. Current estimation approaches of tumor size involve the manual click and drag measurements by radiologists which are functional but prone to a lot of manual errors and redundancies. To improve the overall accuracy and efficiency of the process, the authors propose a Deep learning solution that uses DICOM scan images to determine the dimensions of the tumor. Furthermore, this solution provides a 3D representation of the tumor for clear perception and comprehension and also provides treatment suggestions that aid doctors throughout the treatment. The pipeline consists of two models namely, CNN model for detection performs with an accuracy of 97.6% and a ResUNet model to segment tumor out of the brain image with accuracy of 91.54%.
The CRB and inflammatory parameters in myocardial infarction (STEMI-NSTEMI) and relationship with infarct site, significance and complication
Authors: Marwan Chamieh , Zgib Bshar AL- , hammoud Ahmad , AL-Fawares Maamoun
Published: February 2023

Background
The first few hours before going to the hospital are the most dangerous for a person having a heart attack. Death can occur during this period in 20–30% of people who have a heart attack, so it is necessary to seek immediate medical care when people suspect that they are having a heart attack. This research aims to study and measure the levels of certain substances (called markers). cardiac markers and inflammatory markers, and a comparison of their mean between the two types of infarction.
Methods and materials:
This study was conducted on 100 male and female patients from Damascus Hospital, where all patients with myocardial infarction (STEMI-NSTEMI) who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were admitted and our study relied on the retrospective and cross sectional study method.
Results
The sample included 100 male and female patients, all of whom had myocardial infarction (STEMI-NSTEMI), where the percentage of males in the study was 78% and the percentage of females was 22%. The mean of age of the patients was 55.47 years with a standard deviation of 10.318 years. The percentage of smokers was 63%. as for the type of infarction, the majority were Patients have STEMI type, and by studying the relationships, it was found that there was no statistically significant relationship between the type of infarction and the medical history, and between the type of infarction and complications, where p.value > 0.05.
Conclusion
There are statistically significant differences when comparing the mean values of C-reactive protein (CRB) in the two types of infarction (STEMI-NSTEMI). The product of fibrin degradation (D. dimer) in the two types of infarction (STEMI-NSTEMI) where p.value < 0.05.
The clinical significance of Zinc finger protein 2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its potential mechanism
Authors: Lin Caixing , Mo Miao , Liang Yong , Huang Suning , Ding Hua , Jiang Li , Zhang Tingting , Fang Yeying , Yan Dongmei , Wu Jiyun , Niu Yitong , Wu Xiaowei , Wei Zhuxin
Published: February 2023

Backgrand: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), which arises from the laryngeal mucosa, is the main type of laryngeal cancer. An influence of Zinc finger protein 2 (ZIC2) expression on the occurrence and progression of LSCC has not been established. We aim to identify the clinical importance of ZIC2 expression in LSCC and to explore its latent potential mechanisms.
Methods:In this study, we studied the relationship between protein and mRNA expression of ZIC2 in LSCC and clinical pathological features and prognoses via mining the high-throughput sequencing data from multiple databases and to use immunohistochemistry (IHC) and integrated analysis. Meanwhile the downstream targets of ZIC2 transcription factor were also predicted with ChlP-seq data. The KEGG, GO and PPI analysis were applied to identified the potential mechanism of ZIC2 in LSCC. After constructing ZIC2 stable expression cells, we attempt to disclose an association between ZIC2 and cell cycle and apoptosis with RT-qPCR and Western blot methods. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry.
Results: A higher ZIC2 expression in LSCC were found in both protein and mRNA level by integrated analysis (standard mean difference, SMD=1.76 (95% CI, 1.34–2.18)). The IHC staining of ZIC2 protein is nuclear in LSCC. Kinesin family member 14 (KIF14) was explored as the potential downstream target gene of ZIC2. ZIC2 has a binding peak before the transcription start site of KIF14 and their expression were positively correlated with each other. The expression of KIF14 was elevated after overexpressing ZIC2. The KEGG analysis revealed that ZIC2 may involve LSCC by cell cycle. Cell cycle testing revealed that in ZIC2 knockdown cells, G1 phase increased while S phase was decreased. After knockdown ZIC2 expression, the expression of P21 was elevated, Bax protein was increased while Bcl2 decreased. The analysis of the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) demonstrated that ZIC2 may have potential to become a diagnostic marker for LSCC.
Conclusions: In conclusion, up-regulation of ZIC2 may contribute to LSCC pathogenesis in cell cycle pathway and it may target KIF14 in LSCC, but these need further research in the future.
A Machine Learning-based Optimization Approach for Pre-copy Live Virtual Machine Migration
Authors: Haris Raseena M , Khan Khaled M , Nhlabatsi Armstrong , Barhamgi Mahmoud
Published: February 2023

Organizations widely use cloud computing to outsource their computing needs. One crucial issue of cloud computing is that services must be available to clients at all times. However, the cloud services may be temporarily unavailable due to maintenance of the cloud infrastructure, load balancing of services, defense against cyber attacks, power management, proactive fault tolerance, or resource usage. The unavailability of cloud services impacts negatively on the business model of cloud providers. One solution to tackle the service unavailability is Live Virtual Machine Migration (LVM), that is, moving virtual machines (VMs) from the source host machine to the destination host without disrupting the running application. Pre-copy memory migration is a common LVM approach used in most networked systems such as the cloud. The main difficulty with this approach is the high rate of frequently updating memory pages, referred to as "dirty pages. Transferring these updated or dirty pages during the pre-copy migration approach prolongs the total migration time. After a predefined iteration, the pre-copy approach enters the stop-and-copy phase and transfers the remaining memory pages. If the remaining pages are huge, the downtime or service unavailability will be very high -resulting in a negative impact on the availability of the running services. To minimize such service downtime, it is critical to find an optimal time to migrate a virtual machine in the pre-copy approach. To address the issue, this paper proposes a machine learning-based method to optimize pre-copy migration. It has mainly three stages (i) Feature selection (ii) Model generation and (iii) Application of the proposed model in pre-copy migration. The experiment results show that our proposed model outperforms other machine learning models in terms of prediction accuracy and it significantly reduces downtime or service unavailability during the migration process.
WITHDRAWN: Tribological behavior characterization, fault detection and health evaluation of mechanical seals based on face vibration acceleration measurement
Authors: Wang Qingfeng , Song Yunfeng , Li Hua , Shu YUE , Xiao Yang
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the performance degradation caused by the wear of the face of the contacting mechanical seal during operation, and the lack of effective monitoring methods and evaluation indicators for predictive maintenance, a mechanical seal test rig was built. The vibration and closing force signals of the seal face were collected. The relationship between the closing force with the phase change law and the performance degradation of the face was clarified. The vibration characteristic parameters of the face were studied and the vibration sensitive characteristics of the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain were screened. The incipient fault detection method and degradation assessment method of mechanical seals were studied. The results show that the circumferential variation of the closing force can characterize the performance degradation degree of the mechanical seal. With the increase of the face wear, the maximum face closing force changes from regular to random with the phase. The mean value, fuzzy entropy, and permutation entropy of the vibration signal of the seal face can characterize the degree of performance degradation of the mechanical seal. The incipient fault time of the mechanical seal can be identified by the incipient fault detection model. The health status of the mechanical seal can be clearly divided by the performance degradation assessment model, which provides a basis for predictive maintenance of the mechanical seal.
Influencing Learning: How Instagram can Play a Role in Anesthesia Education
Authors: Amaya Sebastian , Pérez Martha Lucía Gutiérrez , Deluquez Marcelino Murillo , Valle Anacaona Martinez del , Fayad Nashla Fayad
Published: February 2023

Purpose
To determine what influence our instagram account, @accigunbosque, can have on the spread of medical knowledge, as well as the impact it may have on the actual learning process, in order to describe the utility of these accounts on social media within the medical community.
Methods
A longitudinal, prospective, descriptive study and a narrative perception analysis. Interaction data was recollected for 26 weeks, and evaluations were carried out with 2 posts from the page, in order to assess the quality of interaction with educational material. The differences between before and after scores of the participants in the educational modules were calculated with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for related samples. Finally, the texts of comments from publications were analyzed with NVivo11.
Results
The page generated 48 infographic posts and held 3 webinars throughout the study period. The maximum number of accounts reached was 15,368, the average number of visits to the profile was 380, the average amount likes received on posts was 316, and the maximum number of saves was 414. The median of comments per publication was 3, ranging from none to a maximum of 27. Participation in the quizzes was 16/568 and 3/502, and a significant difference was found (p = 0.024) in the first quiz. The content of 186 comments was reviewed and only 4% made additional contributions or left constructive remarks, with the rest being composed of emoticons and admiration.
Conclusions
For means of data sharing, Instagram can be a very useful tool as seen within our study. However, the actual learning process behind Instagram may prove to be deficient, considering the little participation in our two educational modules. This allows one to hypothesize that many Instagram users are likely to passively view and interact with educational Instagram posts, but may not actively retain information as expected.
Geochemical characterization and WQI based assessment of groundwater quality Using GIS in tropical river basin: Case study in Kirama-ara River basin, Southern Province, Sri Lanka.
Authors: Perera T.A.N.T , Dissanayake O.D.I.P , jayasinghe G.Y
Published: February 2023

In the Kirama-ara River basin, Matara, southern region of Sri Lanka, a variety of agricultural inputs are utilized, and flooding is a common hazard. As a result, the complete physicochemical profile of the groundwater in the Kirama-ara river basin is yet undiscovered. Therefore, the goals of this study were to (a) identify the geochemical characteristics and changes in water quality, (b) evaluate non-carcinogenic health risk and develop a GWQI, and (c) generate a spatial distribution map for groundwater physicochemical parameters in the Kirama-ara river basin in Matara, Sri Lanka. The physiochemical characteristics of 16 groundwater samples, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, NO3−, PO43−, and SO42−, were examined for spatial and temporal variations. The pH, NO3−, and PO43− values of 50%, 6.25%, and 12.5% of the samples, respectively, were determined to be beyond the allowable limit by both the WHO and SLS. The physicochemical investigation demonstrates that while 87.5% of the locations were acceptable for drinking, 12.5% of them lacked sufficient amounts. The most common hydro-chemical facies were Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3−, mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl− face, and Ca2+-Cl−. Rock weathering has a profound impact on the ionic composition and chemistry of groundwater. Additionally, health risk assessment research conducted in accordance with United States Environmental Protection Agency rules revealed that children face greater health risks than adults. To build reasonable management plans for long-term groundwater quality conservation and public health, more research is required.
Greater physical fitness (Vo2Max) in healthy older adults associated with increased integrity of the Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenergic system
Authors: Plini Emanuele RG , Melnychuk Michael C. , Andrews Ralph , Boyle Rory T. , Whelan Robert , Spence Jeffrey S. , Chapman Sandra B. , Robertson Ian H. , Dockree Paul M.
Published: February 2023

Physical activity (PA) is a key component for brain health and Reserve, and it is among the main dementia protective factors. Robertson proposed that the upregulation of Locus Coeruleus-noradrenergic (LC-NA) system might be a key aspects for building reserve and resilience to neurodegeneration. PA elicits an enhanced catecholamine response, in particular Noradrenaline (NA). By increasing physical commitment, greater amount NA is synthetised in response to higher oxygen demand. More trained individuals show greater capabilities to carry oxygen resulting in greater Vo2max (a measure of oxygen uptake and physical fitness indicator). In the current study, we hypothesised that greater Vo2 max could be related to greater LC-NA MRI integrity. As hypothesised, greater Vo2max related to greater LC integrity across 41 healthy adults (age range 60–72). As a control procedure, when the analyses were repeated for the other neuromodulators’ seeds (Serotonin, Dopamine and Acetylcholine) weaker associations emerged. The newly established link between Vo2max and LC-NA system offers further understanding of the neurobiology underpinning Reserve in relationship to PA. While this study supports Robertson’s theory proposing the upregulation of the noradrenergic system as a possible key factor building Reserve, it also provide ground for increasing LC-NA system resilience to neurodegeneration via Vo2max enhancement.
A CASE OF HYPERTENSION WITH VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AS ETIOLOGY
Authors:   Department Of Medicine, Smbt Medical College And Hospital, Nandi Hills, Igatpuri, Nashik-422403., Ramnath Kute Vaibhav , Sanjaykumar Khinvasara Shubham ,   Department Of Medicine, Smbt Medical College And Hospital, Nandi Hills, Igatpuri, Nashik-422403., R. Gotmare Sumit ,   Department Of Medicine, Smbt Medical College And Hospital, Nandi Hills, Igatpuri, Nashik-422403., M. Durge Khushal ,   Department Of Medicine, Smbt Medical College And Hospital, Nandi Hills, Igatpuri, Nashik-422403., V. Sadgir Anirudha ,   Department Of Medicine, Smbt Medical College And Hospital, Nandi Hills, Igatpuri, Nashik-422403., S. Kadam Sujit ,   Department Of Medicine, Smbt Medical College And Hospital, Nandi Hills, Igatpuri, Nashik-422403.
Published: February 2023

Vitamin D deficiency was found to be rare cause of hypertension in a young female as no other cause was obvious on laboratory and other clinical investigations,so this can lead to conclusions that Vitamin D is a major factor for Calcium absorption,as a immunomodulator and to prevent hypertension in young if there is not any other clinical cause or risk factors.
GIS AND REMOTE SENSINGBASED RECONNAISSANCE OF VEGETATION ANDAGROFORESTRY AREAS IN SOUTH 24 PARGANAS, WEST BENGAL, INDIA
Authors:   Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia -741 252(WB), India., Das P. , Panda S. ,   Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia -741 252(WB), India.,   AICRP on Agroforestry, Regional Research Station, Jhargram - 721 507 (WB), India.
Published: February 2023

Accessing the advantages of combining GIS with remote sensing could be better utilised for specifying vegetation cover including agroforestry systems in South 24 Parganas district with farm lands and ponds historically shaped out of mostly swampy lands covered with jungles and the Sundarbans crisscrossed with creeks and rivers in the south-easternmost part of West Bengal state in India by image processing based on updating of data or information in the form of maps or attributes. Such analysis for this district was performed mostly at the intervals of five years from 2005 to 2019.Changes in expanse of vegetation areas were classified in land coverage under deforestation and revegetation. Such changes are distinguishable through NDVI image values in the form of maps of the district and subdivisions, created on the Arc GIS 10.8 and ERDAS Imagine 2015 platforms by retrieving data of Landsat 4 - 5 TM Level 1 and Landsat 8 OLI/ TIRS Level 1 imageries as retrieved from USGS website. Healthy vegetation including agroforestry were sorted out through demarcation of highest indices of NDVI data. Areal extents of less than 10 ha of healthy vegetation were sorted out as areas either under new plantation or horti-agri or agroforestry. Individual agroforestry systems were found out with the help of Google Earth Pro. Monitoring of vegetation cover as well as agroforestry will be helpful to achieve SDG 15 and, thereby SDG 2 and 8 as defined by the UN for conservation of life on land as well as zero hunger including decent work and economic growth.
NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING IN COVID-19 ANALYSIS
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., Narendra Kumar S. , Kumar Srivastava Ajeet ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., Hiremath Lingayya ,   B.E Students, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., Venkatesh Akshay ,   B.E Students, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., M.D Pallavi ,   B.E Students, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., K.M Yuktha ,   B.E Students, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India., P. Maloshka ,   B.E Students, Department of Biotechnology, R.V College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560059, India.
Published: February 2023

Next generation sequencing is a high throughput sequencingtechnology that can be used for diagnostic purposes. This review discusses the use of next generation sequencing technology for the detection and analysis of SARS-CoV-2. There are different parameters to be considered while comparing next generation sequencing technology to more traditional methods of testing. The review also includes the various mutations and evolutions undergone by the virus across the population during the pandemic. This review addresses the methodology, analysis and processing of next generation sequencing in the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 along with other relevant aspects.
A Utilização do Fundo de Assistência Técnica, Educacional e Social na promoção do Desenvolvimento Local
Authors: Souza Gustavo Henrique Dias , Bressan Valéria Gama Fully , Carrieri Alexandre de Pádua
Published: February 2023

O objetivo do estudo é verificar como a utilização dos recursos do Fundo de Assistência Técnica, Educacional e Social (Fates) da Sicoob Credichapada relaciona-se com o desenvolvimento local. Esta pesquisa parte de uma análise exploratória e se caracteriza como estudo de caso, com uso de estratégias metodológicas de análise documental, observação e entrevistas. Os resultados evidenciam que dados os impactos gerados pela Sicoob Credichapada, os recursos gastos a partir do Fates são consideravelmente baixos em comparação com o patrimônio líquido ajustado da cooperativa. Apesar de baixos, no entanto, foi ressaltada a relevância desses recursos na promoção do desenvolvimento local. A análise da evolução dos gastos provenientes da conta Fates para manutenção de ações em uma cooperativa foi destaque em geração de impactos econômicos e sociais; houve investigação sobre a gestão do Fates pela cooperativa e suas prioridades. A possibilidade de relacionar a utilização dos recursos do Fates de cooperativas com o desenvolvimento local, a partir de impacto na sociedade, pode suscitar as discussões sobre o papel das cooperativas no desenvolvimento das comunidades. Espera-se que este trabalho contribua para gestores, cooperados e demais envolvidos com cooperativas no entendimento da importância e possíveis impactos do Fates no desenvolvimento local. Por fim, sugere-se que outras cooperativas possam se espelhar nesses resultados a fim de criar ambientes propícios para geração de impactos na sociedade.
Desempenho das exportações de produtos automotivos brasileiros (2000-2017): uma análise empírica
Authors: Schwertner Johannes José Gottselig , Lisbinski Fernanda Cigainski , Coronel Daniel Arruda , Cornejo Ricardo Heli Rondinel
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em analisar o desempenho das exportações do setor automotivo brasileiro no período de 2000 a 2017. Neste sentido, utilizaram-se os Índices de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada Simétrica (IVCRS), Orientação Regional (IOR) e o Modelo Gravitacional para analisar o impacto de algumas variáveis (PIB, Acordo Comercial e Distância) no fluxo comercial automotivo. Os resultados do IVCRS demonstraram que o Brasil apresentou desvantagens comparativas reveladas com relação às exportações de produtos automotivos para todos os anos abordados nesta pesquisa, com exceção de 2005. Já os resultados do IOR indicaram que as exportações desse setor estão direcionadas principalmente para a Argentina, e, em menor importância, para o México, o Chile, o Uruguai e o Paraguai. Os resultados obtidos por meio do Modelo Gravitacional indicaram que o PIB do país exportador e importador apresentou impacto positivo, a distância, impacto negativo, e que a presença de acordos bilaterais de comércio aumenta o fluxo comercial de produtos automotivos brasileiros entre países, na proporção de 11.64%.
Seasonal and Circadian Evaluation of the Pectis brevipedunculata Essential Oil and Its Acaricidal Activity against Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Camara Marcos , Lima Aldilene , Jumbo Luis Oswaldo , Tavares Caio , Mendonça Cáritas de Jesus , Monteiro Odair , Araújo Sabrina Helena , de Oliveira Eugênio Eduardo , Lima Neto José , Maia José Guilherme , Costa-Junior Livio , da Rocha Cláudia
Published: February 2023

Pectis brevipedunculata is native species and widely available in dry and semi-arid ecosystems showing high biotechnological potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the circadian and seasonal chemical variation of the essential oil (EO) of P. brevipedunculata, as well as its acaricide effect on Rhipicephalus microplus larvae. Aerial parts were collected and submitted to the hydrodistillation process, and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For the assays with R. microplus, the larval immersion test was performed. The main constituents were citral (75% of the EO), followed by α-pinene and limonene. In the seasonality analysis, the highest yields were in the months of April (2.08%) and August (2.05%), while in the study of circadian rhythm, the percentage was 2.0% at 6 p.m. in the rainy season, and 1.2%, dry season at 6 p.m. Concerning acaricidal activity (50% lethal concentration (LC50)), the April (1.17 mg mL-1), March (1.28 mg mL-1), June (1.37 mg mL-1), and October (1.27 mg mL-1) oils obtained were the most active and assays performed with circadian rhythm revealed in the rain season (April) at 6 p.m. and dry season (September) at 12 a.m. LC50 values of 1.75 and 1.75 mg mL-1, respectively. Additionally, this EO is selective to non-target organisms, i.e., ladybeetles and lacewing.