bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Sensitivity and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Isolated from Animal Products in Almaty Region, Kazakhstan
Authors: Latypova Z. A. , Nurpeisova A. S. , Nurgalieva M. T. , Bizhanov A. B. , Yussupov M. R. , Abay Zh. S. , Sarbakanova S. T. , Shakibaev E. B. , Kerimbaeva R. A. , Kobdikova G. M. , Tursynova Zh. S. , Nurlybayev O. O. , Ibrayim N. K. , Mussayeva A. K. , Yoo H. S. , Mamanova S. B. , Serikov M. S. , Suchshikh V. , Abdraimova Zh. A. , Kassenov M. M.
Published: July 2024

Background: This article presents the results of studies on the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolates isolated from animal products of the Almaty region, Kazakhstan using a new domestic component of culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms from defibrinated horse blood.
Results: The results showed that the Almaty region can be classified as region with low resistance rates of E. coli to cefotaxime, ampicillin/sulbactam, levofloxacin, meropenem and Salmonella to levofloxacin and high resistance rates of E. coli to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and Salmonella to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin. The use of a domestic component of culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms from defibrinated horse blood makes it possible to obtain media enriched with micro and macronutrients for reliable and high-quality laboratory analyses.
Conclusions: It is assumed that the irrational use of fluoroquinolones in animal husbandry leads to an increase in the resistance of microorganisms that cause infectious diseases common to humans and animals, since the above types of antibiotics (fluoroquinolones) are the most important drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections in medicine and veterinary medicine.
The results indicate that pathogens of enteropathogenic diseases resistant to antibacterial drugs are circulating in the territory of the Almaty region of Kazakhstan and the use of a domestic component of culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms from defibrinated horse blood makes it possible to obtain media enriched with micro and macronutrients for reliable and high-quality laboratory analyses.
Intergenerational transmission of polygenic predisposition for neuropsychiatric traits on emotional and behavioural difficulties in childhood
Authors: Allegrini Andrea , Hannigan Laurie , Frach Leonard , Barkhuizen Wikus , Baldwin Jessie , Andreassen Ole , Bragantini Daniela , Hegemann Laura , Havdahl Alexandra , Pingault Jean-Baptiste
Published: July 2024

Childhood emotional and behavioural difficulties frequently co-occur and often precede diagnosed neuropsychiatric conditions. Delineating shared and specific risk factors for emotional and behavioural difficulties early in life is therefore essential for prevention strategies. Here, we focus on how a set of key parental risk factors shape their offspring’s behavioural and emotional symptoms. Leveraging data from 14,959 genotyped family trios from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), we model symptom level data into general and specific domains. We then investigate the direct (genetically transmitted) and indirect (environmentally mediated) contributions of polygenic risk for neuropsychiatric and related traits to general and specific domains. We observe evidence consistent with an environmental route to general symptomatology beyond genetic transmission, while also demonstrating domain-specific direct and indirect genetic contributions. Our findings pave the way for a better identification of early risk pathways that can be targeted in preventive interventions aiming to interrupt the intergenerational cycle of risk transmission.
Salt-induced changes in the photosynthetic apparatus and carbon metabolism of two tomato cultivars with varying salt tolerance
Authors: li xuezhen , Han yongchao , Cong yundan , Wang longfei , Shi yujie , liu huiying , Liu huifang
Published: July 2024

Background
Soil salinization severely affects plant photosynthesis and reduces crop yield and quality. Therefore, we investigated the structure and function of photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) of tomato seedlings [Zhongshu No.4 (salt-sensitive) and Jinpeng No.3 (salt-tolerant)] after salt stress treatment were analyzed using rapid chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics and 820-nm transmission kinetics. Moreover, the activity and transcript level of enzymes related to Calvin cycle and sucrose metabolism were investigated.
Results
The structure and function of PSI and PSII were suppressed in both tomato varieties under salt stress as evidenced by Electron transfer chains are inhibited from transferring electrons, photosynthetic reaction centers are damaged, and energy flow distribution is disrupted. In addition, salt stress significantly inhibited the carbon assimilation efficiency of both tomato varieties as indicated by decrease in the activities of Rubisco (initial and total), RCA, PGK, FBPase, GAPDH, and FBA and transcript level and promoted sugar accumulation. Compared with salt-sensitive Zhongshu No.4, the photosynthetic apparatus and carbon metabolism of salt-resistant Jingpeng No.3 were much more tolerant to salt treatment.
Conclusion
Jingpeng No.3 had a higher electron transfer efficiency. The donor side and acceptor side of PSII, the integrity of the thylakoid, and the oxidized and redox state of PSI were less inhibited by salt stress. Meanwhile, the activation of photosynthetic protection mechanism increased the utilization of energy for photochemical reactions, decreased the excitation pressure of RC and led to a smoother energy flow. Improved carbon assimilation efficiency and sucrose metabolism efficiency. Therefore, Jinpeng No.3 has salt tolerance.
Therapeutic potential of 7-oxo-DHEA as an adjunctive host-directed therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Vecchione María Belén , Barrios-Payán Jorge , Mata-Espinosa Dulce , Márquez-Velasco Ricardo , Marquina-Castillo Brenda , Giannone Denise Anabella , Acevedo Milagros Victoria , Quiroga Maria Florencia , Hernández-Pando Rogelio
Published: July 2024

Anti-tuberculous therapy successfully eradicates the infection, but it is long-lasting and impose the use of multiple drugs. Therefore, it is required to develop additional immunotherapy approaches to protect and manage human tuberculosis. In this study, we examined the properties of 7-oxo- dehydroepiandrosterone (7-oxo-DHEA), a DHEA-derivative hormone, through both in vitro and in vivo settings for M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Firstly, we observed that 7-oxo-DHEA exhibited a bacteriostatic effect over Mtb growth. Furthermore, in an in vitro model of infection, 7-oxo-DHEA improved the killing of Mtb by human and murine macrophages and reduced the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines secretion. Remarkably, 7-oxo-DHEA treatment moderated Mtb growth and lung injury during the progressive phase of TB disease in mice. Our findings demonstrate that this compound enhances immune responses, resulting in a more favorable profile for mycobacteria control. Further investigations are required to explore the potential use of 7-oxo-DHEA as a novel adjunctive host-directed treatment in the context of pulmonary tuberculosis disease, constraining Mtb infection and preventing severe lung injury.
Synthetic heparan sulfate mimics based on chitosan derivatives show broad-spectrum antiviral activity
Authors: Geller Ron , Revuelta Julia , Rusu Luciana , Francés-Gómez Clara , Trapero Elena , Iglesias Susana , Pinilla Eva Calvo , Blázquez Ana-Belén , gutierrez-adan alfonso , Konuparamban Acsah , Moreno Oscar , Martínez María Gómez , Forcada-Nadal Alicia , López-Redondo Maria Luisa , Llácer José Luis , Llop Jordi , MARTIN-ACEBES MIGUEL , Fernández-Mayoralas Alfonso
Published: July 2024

Enveloped viruses enter cells by binding to receptors present on host cell membranes, which trigger internalization and membrane fusion. For many viruses, this either directly or indirectly involves interaction with membrane-anchored carbohydrates, such as heparan sulfate, providing a potential target for a broad-spectrum antiviral approach. Based on this hypothesis, we screened a library of functionalized chitosan sulfates that mimic heparan sulfate in cellular membranes for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) entry. An array of compounds blocking SARS-CoV-2 and RSV were identified, with the lead compound displaying broad-spectrum activity against multiple viral strains and clinical isolates. Mechanism of action studies showed the drug to block viral entry irreversibly, likely via a virucidal mechanism. Importantly, the drug was non-toxic in vivo and showed potent post-exposure therapeutic activity against both SARS-CoV-2 and RSV. Together, these results highlight the potential of functionalized carbohydrates as broad-spectrum antivirals targeting respiratory viruses.
Deep Learning based prediction and monitoring of Parkinson’s Disease using Voice Data
Authors: Maiti Samaresh , Sen Sohom , Manna Sumanta , Kole Alok , Mondal Rituparna , Chatterjee Banashree
Published: July 2024

Accurately detecting Parkinson’s disease (PD) at an early stage is certainly indispensable for slowing down its progress and providing patients the possibility of accessing to disease-modifying therapy. An innovative deep-learning technique is proposed to predict and monitor the Parkinson’s Disease (PD) through voice data and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score. The rise of an aging population over the world emphasizes the need to detect PD early, remotely and accurately. PD is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the Central Nervous System (CNS), leading to symptoms like tremors, stiffness, slow movements, balance and coordination difficulties, and speech disorders. Early detection and severity assessment of PD using Machine Learning is crucial. Speech recognition offers a new approach for diagnosis and monitoring of PD. This paper highlights Deep Learning models with acoustic features like jitter, shimmer, intensity and pitch for automatic detection and use of UPDRS score for severity assessment. Two datasets, one of them containing speech samples from PD patients and healthy individuals and another containing voice data and UPDRS score, with on disk size of 5.3 MB and 1.01 MB respectively, are used in this proposed work. A comparison between the proposed Residual Neural Network (ResNet) and other ten machine learning and ensemble learning methods based on relatively small data including 64 healthy individuals and 188 early PD patients shows the superior detection performance of the designed model, which achieves the highest accuracy, 98 % on average and precision, 0.98 and F1-Score, 0.98.
Dedo em Gatilho: Tratamento Cirúrgico com Retinaculótomo
Authors: Menezes Tayana de Paula Martins , D’Emiglio Maria Clara Nóbrega , Zanchetta Carolini Biasotto , Peliciari Danilo Dias , Andrade Fernanda Ruiz de , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves
Published: July 2024

Introdução. O dedo em gatilho é uma afecção comum para o cirurgião de mão, seja no setor público ou privado, sendo mais frequente em mulheres e diabéticos. As alternativas de tratamento incluem conservador com métodos não invasivos (analgesia, anti-inflamatórios, controle das doenças de base e comorbidades, fisioterapia e terapia da mão) ou invasivos (infiltração com corticosteroides associados ou não a anestésicos locais). O tratamento cirúrgico pode ser feito de forma convencional aberta com uso de lâmina fria de bisturi ou com retinaculótomos. Métodos. Estudo retrospectivo que avaliou 24 pacientes, submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico de dedo em gatilho com uso de retinaculótomo pela equipe de cirurgia da mão de um hospital de nível secundário vinculado ao complexo de um hospital terciário no período de março de 2022 e dezembro de 2022. Seus resultados foram analisados de acordo com a EVA e o QuickDash. Resultados. Foram operados 28 dedos em gatilho em 24 pacientes, 18 mulheres (75%) e 6 homens (25%), com idade de 29 a 75 anos, sendo a média 57 anos. Aproximadamente 80% dos pacientes apresentavam comorbidades. Houve redução significativa na escala visual e analógica da dor de 6,64 para 1,32 após a cirurgia (p=0,00004; Teste de Wilcoxon) e redução significativa do escore QuickDash (p=0,00004; Teste de Wilcoxon) de 42,3 para 6,9 no pós-operatório. Nenhuma complicação foi observada durante o acompanhamento. Conclusão. A técnica cirúrgica de liberação da polia A1 utilizando retinaculótomo é uma alternativa viável, segura e confiável para o tratamento de dedo em gatilho.
Determination of Chatter-Free Cutting Mode in End Milling
Authors: Petrakov Yuri , Okhrimenko Oleksandr , Sapon Serhii , Sikailo Maksim , Fedorynenko Dmytro
Published: July 2024

Chatter accompanies the cutting process and is the main obstacle to achieving precision and productivity in milling operations. To reduce the amplitude of vibrations, it was proposed to use a stability lobes diagram (SLD) when assigning cutting modes. The machining system in end milling was represented by a two-mass dynamic model in which each mass has two degrees of freedom. The behavior of such a system was described by a structure with two inputs, in-depth and cutting feed, and a delay in positive feedback on these inputs. A new criterion was applied to design the SLD based on an analysis of the location of the machining system Nyquist diagram on the complex plane. The algorithm for designing a stability chart was developed into an application program, a tool for the technologist-programmer when assigning cutting modes. A method for parameter identification necessary for designing the dynamic system “tool – workpiece” was proposed. The effectiveness of the developed method was proven experimentally when the choice of spindle speed during end milling allows one to reduce the roughness parameter Ra from 3.2 µm to 0.64 µm at the same feed rate of 650 mm/min.
Management Response to Human Errors and Key Controls in Banks
Authors: Sobanova Jelena , Kudinska Marina
Published: July 2024

Given the significant role that banks play in the global economy and the inherent risks they encounter in their day-to-day operations, studying operational risk management in banks is crucial. The purpose of this research is to comprehend the operational risk management challenges in banks, mainly focusing on human errors and management response to them, as human factors often play an important role in operational failures. The aim of this paper is to investigate the governance cultures and operational risk management strategies of banks, to identify the gaps in risk mitigation activities and controls and to determine the improvements needed to minimize human errors. This research aims to provide prospective operational risk management solutions for banks by gathering and analysing survey data from finance sector employees worldwide as well as empirical information, making the topic practical. Factors influencing operational risk management form the basis of the qualitative method used in this study. The main findings indicate that management’s attitude towards human errors and the role of risk governance structures, such as risk committees and internal control functions, have significant relationships with the reasons for human errors in banks and thus have an impact on operational risk management in banks. Banks need to examine their risk management frameworks; evaluate the standard reactions of bank management to human error, such as root cause analysis, incident investigation, and planning for corrective action; strengthen their working policies; integrate more lessons learned from sessions and training; re-evaluate their internal controls; and analyse their escalation procedures. Studying management response to human errors and key controls in banks has several practical implications for organizations. First, insights from this research can help banks enhance their risk management practices, identify their weaknesses, improve their internal controls, and put preventive measures in place to reduce the possibility and consequences of human errors. Second, a positive safety culture can be promoted by encouraging open collaboration, accountability and learning from mistakes. Third, enhancing employee improvement and training can be achieved by understanding the needs of employee development based on the insights from this study. Finally, studying management responses to human errors can help banks oversee compliance with regulatory reporting standards, investigation protocols, and corrective measure specifications.
General Attitude Scale for Social Media Influencers
Authors: Onem Sermin , Selim Selvi Murat
Published: July 2024

This study aims to develop and validate a scale measuring consumers’ attitudes towards social media influencers (SMIs). In this sense, the study population consisted of social media users who followed at least one social media influencer. The survey method was used as the data collection tool in the study. While creating the scale items, relevant literature as well as expressions and some sentences obtained from short interviews with consumers who use social media and follow at least one social media influencer were used. As part of the research, 821 surveys were accepted as valid and evaluated. After pretesting studies on a group of 258 people, the scale was retested with a new sample of 821 people. The skewness and kurtosis values were between +1.96 and -1.96. The sample had a normal distribution. The EFA analysis revealed that the scale item distribution was compatible with the pretest analysis. Although no random distribution was found with parallel analysis, Kaiser–Guttman analysis was also performed to control the distribution of random scales into their subdimensions. The EFA results showed that the developed scale provided appropriate values. KMO=0.896, Bartlett’s sphericity test=0.000, Bartlett’s<0.05, Cronbach’s alpha=0.889, AVE=0.585, and CR=0.934. As a result of CFA, the values for the goodness of fit were found to be appropriate (x2 (df)=3.144; p=0.000, RMSEA=0.051; CFI=0.994; GFI=0.990; SRMR=0.014; AVE=0.580; CR=0.933), and it was observed that there were no items below the factor value of 0.50. As a result of the invariance analysis, it was understood that the developed scale had invariance properties and was suitable for use with a large audience, as the ∆CFI value was less than 0.01 between both samples. The General Attitudes Scale towards social media influencers has a single factor and consists of six items. The factor loading values of the scale items ranged between 0.53 and 0.90. In this research, it was determined that social media influencers had a significant impact on the participants. The general attitudes of the participants as part of the study had a significant effect on their social media influencers.
Codebase release r1.0 for disorder
Authors: Karlberg Alexander
Published: July 2024

We present a Fortran 77/95 code capable of computing QCD corrections in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). The code uses the Projection-to-Born method to augment an existing \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^2)𝒪(αs2) dijet DIS code, thereby obtaining predictions for photon-mediated neutral-current single-jet DIS production in the laboratory frame. The code is lightweight and fast, and yet includes the most common functionalities found in typical perturbative QCD programs, like automatic renormalisation and factorisation scale uncertainties, options to run and combine multiple seeds, and interfaces to fastjet and LHAPDF. Due to the underlying disent and HOPPET codes, the program also provides stable results in the infrared, relevant for extracting logarithmic coefficients for analytic resummations, and access to the massless DIS structure functions and (reduced) cross sections up to \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^3)𝒪(αs3).
Medicamentos off label e a responsabilidade médica
Authors: Nunes Ferreira Versalhes Enos , Teixeira Leal Pastora do Socorro , Brasil Freire Junior Jose
Published: July 2024

Estudo que analisa a prescrição de medicamentos off label, abordando normativas que versem sobre a questão e elucidando a posição do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) e do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) sobre essa modalidade de tratamento. Seu objetivo, que se desdobra no problema de pesquisa, é estudar a configuração da responsabilidade civil médica diante deste contexto, apontando as circunstâncias que precisam ser observadas pelo profissional médico. O texto realiza, primeiro, uma investigação acerca da indicação de fármacos off label. Depois, apresenta os entendimentos do STJ e STF quanto à sua dispensação pelo Sistema Único de Saúde e pela Saúde Suplementar. Em seguida, discute a responsabilidade civil médica dentro da liberdade terapêutica de receitar tratamento medicamentoso com uso diferente do aprovado pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Metodologicamente, realiza análise exploratória, aplica a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e utiliza o método dedutivo. Como resultados, verificou-se que inexiste regulamento normativo específico sobre a prescrição de terapias off label, sendo que a competência para sua indicação é do médico, pessoa com conhecimento técnico e prático sobre as especificidades da situação do enfermo, assim como cabe a ele suportar eventual responsabilização civil em decorrência de danos à saúde do paciente.
A novel approach to address reliability concerns of wind turbines
Authors: ARTIN Sorena
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Designing and manufacturing a system in the current industrial world cannot be accomplished without addressing safety related issues. For this purpose, system reliability is a powerful tool to ensure that failure probability of the system is below an accepted level while the system is operational. A commonly used approach to deal with these considerations is to define a performance function for the system in order to investigate its reliability. In this case, renewable energy systems (RESs) are not different. When a wind turbine, as a RES, is designed, its reliability cannot be ignored or underestimated. Therefore, stable and efficient models are needed to make sure that the turbine remains operational and is able to safely generate electricity power. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to set up a reliability analysis model for the wind turbines. The introduced model takes two important factors, i.e. the wind speed and the wind angle, and their probability distributions into account. These two factors are indeed considered as random variables to design a new system performance function and set up the new model in order to investigate wind turbine's reliability.
Solar radiation forecasting using attention-based temporal convolutional network
Authors: OLAWOYIN-YUSSUF Damilola
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Solar energy, an inexhaustible and pristine power source, harbors the capability to mitigate the emissions of greenhouse gases and the dependency on fossil fuels, thereby playing a pivotal role in the conservation of our ecosystem. Nevertheless, the process of harnessing solar energy from sunlight is subject to the capricious characteristics of weather conditions, which include variables such as the density of cloud cover, levels of atmospheric moisture, and fluctuations in temperature. Hence, the task of prognosticating solar radiation holds significant importance for the strategic planning and efficient management of solar power systems. The current machine-learning methods for predicting global solar radiation make use of recurrent networks. One major downside of recurrent-based models is that they are exposed to vanishing gradients and stagnant performance over longer available input sequences. The model showcased is an attention-fueled Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) intertwined with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The suggested method merges the advantages of the feature extraction proficiencies of a TCN and the aggregation capabilities of a CNN. The method has been tested for up to 24 hours of future time sequence prediction and it has been noted that its performance is unmatched.
Exploring sustainable micro milling: Investigating size effects on surface roughness for renewable energy potential
Authors: HASCELIK Ahmet
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Micromilling is a helpful process empowering the fabrication of small-scale components characterized by complex geometries, heightened precision, and superior surface integrity. Widely embraced across aerospace, biomedical, and electronics sectors, it characterizes efficiency and sustainability in modern manufacturing paradigms. However, fundamental instabilities emerge during the cutting phase, particularly when the size effect diminishes below a critical threshold termed the minimum chip thickness, a parameter linked to the cutting-edge radius and feed rate dynamics. The micro-milling process enables the production of small-scale parts with complex geometries, high precision, and optimal surface quality. It stands as a preferred production method not only in the aerospace, biomedical, and electronics industries but also in the renewable energy sector, where its ability to create intricate components with precise dimensions and superior surface quality is crucial for optimizing efficiency and sustainability in energy harvesting and storage technologies. Instabilities are observed in the cutting process when the size effect falls below a critical value known as the minimum chip thickness. This critical value is related to the cutting-edge radius and feed rate. This study investigates the effect of size on surface roughness in micro-milling of Al6061-T6 workpiece. The results show that surface roughness is high at feed rates below the minimum chip thickness due to the ploughing mechanism. The shear mechanism is active at feed rates above the minimum chip thickness, but the ploughing effect is still observed at the 100µm edge of the cutting channel. The study revealed that surface roughness and height differences were high at feed rates significantly below or above the minimum chip thickness. However, surface quality was optimal at feed rates near the minimum chip thickness. Nevertheless, the study highlights an optimal peak in surface quality achieved at feed rates close to the minimum chip thickness, explaining a relationship between operational efficiency and sustainability in micro-milling endeavours.
From smart soles to green goals, interlacing sustainable innovations in the age of smart health: An exploratory search
Authors: KORAICHE Fahd
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Health goes beyond the mere absence of illness. It’s arguably a state that encompasses a whole spectrum of physical, social, and mental well-being. It involves not only curing sickness but also promoting healthy lifestyles, behaviors, and environments that enable individuals to thrive. Health interventions can be formalized through medicine, but they can also take on a broader spectrum of approaches, including prevention, early detection, and management of diseases. By acknowledging this broader vision of health, we can see that it influences various aspects of our lives, including our work, education, relationships, food, clothes, and recreational activities. It also impacts our communities and cultures, affecting social norms, policies, and practices that shape our health outcomes. Therefore, health is not just an individual concern but also a collective one. Furthermore, the integration of health into technological practices can have a significant impact on our well-being. It can facilitate access to health information, resources, and services, enable remote monitoring and diagnosis, and enhance communication and social support networks.
Vibration analysis of 3D printed PLA beam with honeycomb cell structure for renewable energy applications and sustainable solutions
Authors: ASLANTAS Kubilay
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Research shows a lack of vibration analyses of structures produced by 3D printing. This study, therefore, investigates the vibration behavior of honeycomb structures made of polylactic acid (PLA) using the additive manufacturing process fused deposition modeling (FDM) in a beam element. Based on an experimental modal analysis and the determination of the damping rate, a FEM reference simulation model is created, and the results are validated with the data from the experiment. The original honeycomb structure was numerically varied in its density, i.e., in the thickness (t) of the cell wall, in the length (L) of the regular hexagons, and in its degree of filling. The results showed that the density of the honeycombs at a filling level of 19% has a marginal influence on the vibration behavior. The vibration behavior was reduced only when the filling level was increased to 30%. This study has implications for many areas of research in which vibrations play a significant role in technical applications. These findings highlight the potential for integrating renewable energy applications with sustainable solutions, emphasizing the importance of vibration dynamics in advancing environmentally friendly technologies.
Date fruit type classification using convolutional neural networks
Authors: ALAVI Abdullah
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Classification of objects is an important task for convolutional neural networks (CNNs). They have been applied to numerous fields with excellent results. In this study, we use CNNs to classify five categories of Sukkari dates, namely Galaxy, Mufattal, Nagad, Qishr, and Ruttab. Transfer learning is when a pretrained model is taken and only the final layers are trained to make a prediction. In this paper, we used the following five models: SqueezeNet, GoogLeNet, EfficientNet-b0, ShuffleNet, and MobileNet V2. The results show that SqueezeNet outperforms the other networks with a classification accuracy of 92% on the testing set. The testing accuracy for GoogLeNet, EfficientNet-b0, ShuffleNet, and MobileNet V2, on the other hand are 85.14%, 82.86%, 89.14%, and 87.43%, respectively. As this is a classification task, other metrics like precision, recall, and F1 score are also evaluated. These values for the SqueezeNet on the testing set are 92.67%, 92%, and 92.33%, respectively. ShuffleNet was second with values of 89.41%, 89.14%, and 89.28%, respectively. EfficientNet scored the lowest with 83.10%, 82.86%, and 82.98%, respectively.
Bidding optimization for hydrogen production from an electrolyzer
Authors: ALMUTAIRY Nouf M.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the bidding optimization for hydrogen production from an electrolyzer, focusing on a single day comprising 24 hours. With the rising demand for clean energy sources, the research aims to optimize profitability and efficiency in hydrogen production. The primary objective is to maximize profit while ensuring the fulfillment of the targeted hydrogen production by the end of the day. The optimization formulation incorporates electrolyzer maintenance, electricity, and water consumption costs. The model considered two cases with different electrolyzer efficiency values to optimize power usage, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of hydrogen production optimization. Ramping limits are imposed to maintain power system stability and reliability, preventing sudden fluctuations. By solving the formulated equations and considering factors such as energy and water prices, the research findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the bidding optimization approach in optimizing resource utilization and maximizing profit. Notably, the model successfully achieves the targeted hydrogen production by the end of the day while maximizing profit. This research contributes valuable insights into the bidding optimization process for hydrogen production, highlighting the potential for economic and sustainable hydrogen generation from electrolyzers.
Analysis of thermal efficiency of solar flat plate collector working with hybrid nanofluids: An experimental study
Authors: MESFIN Solomon
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Thermal efficiency of solar flat-plate collector (SFPC) was analyzed experimentally through water -based mono Al2O¬, CuO, and hybrid Al2O3-CuO nanofluids. The particle loadings used for the analysis are 0.048%, 0.096%, 0.144%, 0.192% and 0.24%, respectively. The experiments were conducted at a flow rate of 0.008 kg/s of mono, and hybrid nanofluids. The experimental outcomes indicate, the thermal efficiency of mono and hybrid nanofluids raised under the larger volume loadings in comparison with water. Results show, that the Al2O3-CuO hybrid nanofluid offered higher thermal efficiency values than mono Al2O3 and CuO nanofluids. Thermal efficiency of SFPC was found to get enhanced by 57.66%, 66.58% and 73.75% at 0.24 vol.% Al2O3, CuO, and Al2O3-CuO hybrid nanofluids, over the water data, respectively, at solar noon time of 12:00 P.M.
Design and fabrication of low temperature flat plate collector for domestic water heating
Authors: Almutairi Abdulkrim
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Solar energy, specifically using flat plate collectors, shows very promising as a renewable energy source for meeting global energy demands. These collectors, commonly used to capture solar energy and convert it into heat for various purposes, offer advantages over conventional water heaters in terms of lifespan and energy consumption. This study focuses on understanding flat plate collectors with region specific parameters for domestic use in Onaizah, Saudi Arabia. It includes a detailed design process based on site-specific data and featured with settings adjustable for different seasons. The use of double glazing with a gap between glass panels provides heat insulation from the front. Initial experiments conducted involved temperature measurements of outlet water and calculation of the solar collector's efficiency, resulting in the highest temperature recorded at 62.3°C and an efficiency of 53.5%.
Solar energy powered smart water heating system
Authors: ALTURKI Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Abstract. This paper proposes a smart system for controlling the temperature of a water heating system. The proposed system is powered by solar energy and it allows cooling and heating the water used in households throughout the year, particularly, when the outside temperature goes to extreme highs and lows. The system is equipped with sensors to measure the temperature of water inside the tank and show the range of water. A mobile application is developed to monitor and control the water temperature around the clock.
Vibration harvesting techniques for electrical power generation: A review
Authors: Mohammed O.D.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The ongoing demands of using mechanical motion and converting it to electrical power motivated designers to find new sustainable solutions for power generation. In the current article, different techniques of clean power generation are reviewed and discussed. The reviewed techniques use mechanical vibration to produce energy. The techniques using piezoelectric and mechanical design concepts are discussed and compared. The article sheds light on the importance of these techniques and concludes with the advantages and disadvantages of each applied technique.
Multiport universal solar power bank
Authors: ALTELMESSANI Abdullah
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In an era of ubiquitous electricity dependence, the need for a reliable and portable power source is increasingly vital. This proposal advocates for the development of a solar-powered portable device capable of harnessing solar energy to charge itself and subsequently supply power to various electronic devices. The envisioned solution aims to address critical scenarios such as emergencies, where access to electricity is crucial, as well as recreational activities like camping, especially in remote locations. The proposed portable power bank will be equipped with solar panels for efficient energy absorption, ensuring self-sufficiency and sustainability. The device will feature both DC and AC outputs, catering to a wide range of electronic gadgets, thereby enhancing its versatility. In the event of a disaster, this innovation could prove invaluable by providing a reliable source of electricity when traditional power infrastructure is compromised. Moreover, in recreational settings, such as desert camping in locations like Saudi Arabia, users can harness the power of the sun to charge their devices in the open, offering convenience and environmental friendliness. This solar-powered portable energy hub embodies a step towards fostering energy independence and resilience in the face of unpredictable circumstances, catering to both emergency preparedness and everyday scenarios.
A developed system design for blue energy generation
Authors: Mohammed O.D.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Sustainability is an important factor in energy generation. Sea or ocean waves can be used as a sustainable source of energy generation. A technique of using buoyant floats submerged in water to drive a magnetic generator for energy conversion can be applied and studied. In the current article, a developed system design is presented for harvesting wave energy (blue energy). The wave power and generator power are calculated based on the studied model. The presented design enhances the concept of wave energy harvesting, as a renewable energy source, and shows the possibility of applying it. Applying wave energy harvesting should get more attention as a sustainable and clean source of power electricity.
Theoretical modeling to analyze the energy and exergy efficiencies of double air-pass solar tunnel dryer with recycled organic waste material
Authors: GARI Dagim Kebede
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In this study, the effect of recycled organic waste thermal insulation materials and insulation thickness on a double air pass solar tunnel dryer performance for the charcoal briquette drying process was investigated based on the heat transfer model, that was computed with Python code. The result reveals that, an average temperature of bagasse insulated a double air pass solar tunnel dryer was higher than wood, paper, corn cop, and sawdust insulation by 17.5%, 12%, 8.3%, and 6%, and higher than rock wool, mineral wool, and glass fiber by 3.01%, 4%, and 25.41%, respectively. The energy and exergy efficiency were considerably enhanced with bagasse insulation, comparatively. Thus, the assimilation of recycled organic waste thermal insulation materials enhances the evaporation rate besides reducing energy and exergy losses to the ambient while concomitantly minimizing costs and environmental impacts.
Renewable energy sources, sustainability aspects and climate alteration: A comprehensive review
Authors: Mir M. Amin
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The increasing global demand for energy is transforming our world into a closely connected community, yet the Earth remains unchanged in its capacity. As the world population seeks more energy to fuel social, economic, and developmental needs, along with health and well-being, the call for sustainable solutions intensifies. Unfortunately, escalating energy consumption contributes to rising greenhouse gas emissions and environmental harm. Embracing renewable energies becomes crucial for combating climate change, but such a shift must be sustainable to fulfill the energy requirements of future generations. A comprehensive strategy combining energy management and renewable sources is required to address these issues. An overview of current energy consumption trends, energy management techniques, and renewable energy sources is provided in this article. The results show that an integrated strategy that includes renewable energy sources and energy management techniques can dramatically reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions while also providing economic benefits. The article's conclusion highlights how important it is to implement an integrated strategy for energy management and renewable energy sources in order to achieve efficient and sustainable energy use.
De ingeniero fordista a ingeniero digital: caso de la formación tecnológica UNI en el Perú del siglo XXI
Authors: Lima Fuentes Noemí Guadalupe
Published: July 2024

Cuando se tituló este artículo, se buscó enfatizar con el fordismo uno de los rasgos más característicos en la formación del ingeniero en la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (UNI), que aportó también a los años de mayor desarrollo de la ingeniería en el país. Al mencionar “ingeniero digital” se marca la importancia que debería tener este nuevo paradigma tecnológico en su formación académica actual. Esta institución, en busca de altos estándares académicos, ha logrado acreditar 20 de sus 23 carreras de ingeniería con ABET, de las acreditadoras más prestigiosas a nivel mundial. Se argumenta en este estudio que ello es insuficiente para garantizar este objetivo de calidad; porque es necesario reflexionar primero sobre la exigencia de una revolución en la educación tecnológica, basado en la observación de los países con mejores estándares de calidad y en mejor relación universidad-empresa-estado; lo cual interesa para la formación de ingenieros relevante y eficiente en el país del siglo XXI.
Análisis de la ecoinnovación desde un enfoque sustentable en una empresa textil mexicana
Authors: Ramírez Alcántara Hilda Teresa ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Torres Sánchez Alfonso Tonatiuh ,   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El modelo de producción-consumo actual es insostenible, el fast fashion (moda rápida) es un sistema de producción-consumo excesivo en un lapso reducido; Objetivo: analizar el proceso de ecoinnovación en una empresa de la industria textil mexicana con el fin de identificar sus impactos, ventajas y desventajas; Metodología: es cualitativa a partir de la revisión de bibliografía especializada, documental y la elaboración de entrevistas; Resultados: la empresa estudiada es ecoinnovadora ya que recicla 5 toneladas de PET y 2.5 de algodón al año, reduce un 75% las emisiones de CO2, por cada playera ahorra 1600 lts de agua y coopera con la reforestación con la siembra de 30 mil árboles; las artesanas bordadoras triquis de Oaxaca reciben recursos económicos y se crean empleos directos e indirectos; Conclusión: faltan políticas públicas del estado mexicano y el cambio del modelo económico sobre consumo, se debe crear un marco legal que propicie el fomento de la ecoinnovación de las empresas y de las organizaciones. Además de un cambio necesario en el estilo de vida de la sociedad y sus pensamientos.
Census-Dependent Mortality of Ventilated Patients With COVID-19 in Israel: Noninterventional Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Mendlovic Joseph , Mimouni Francis B
Published: July 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to several surges in the mass hospitalization rate. Extreme increases in hospital admissions without adequate medical resources may increase mortality. No study has addressed the impact of daily census of ventilated patients on mortality in the context of the pandemic in a nationwide setting.

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether daily census of ventilated patients affected COVID-19 mortality rates nationwide in Israel.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study using nationwide, public-domain, population-based COVID-19 data of hospitalized patients from an Israeli database from March 11, 2020, until February 11, 2021. We included all COVID-19 hospital admissions, classified as mild to severe per the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention classification irrespective of whether they were mechanically ventilated. Outcome measures were daily death rates and death rates expressed as a percentage of ventilated patients.

Results

During the study period (338 days from March 11, 2020, to February 11, 2021), 715,743 patients contracted and were clinically confirmed as having COVID-19. Among them, 5577 (0.78%) patients died. In total, 3398 patients were ventilated because of severe COVID-19. Daily mortality correlated with daily census of ventilated patients (R2=0.828, P<.001). The daily percent mortality of ventilated patients also correlated with the daily census of ventilated patients (R2=0.365, P<.001)—backward multiple regression analysis demonstrated that this positive correlation was still highly significant even when correcting for the average age or gender of ventilated patients (R2=0.4328, P<.001) or for the surge in their number. Overall, 40% of the variation in mortality was explained by variations in the daily census of ventilated patients. ANOVA revealed that at less than 50 ventilated patients per day, the daily mortality of ventilated patients was slightly above 5%, and it nearly doubled (10%) with 50-149 patients; moreover, in all categories of ≥200 patients ventilated per day, it more than tripled at ≥15% (P<.001).

Conclusions

Daily mortality rates per ventilated patient increased with an increase in the number of ventilated patients, suggesting the saturation of medical resources. Policy makers should be aware that expanding medical services without adequate resources may increase mortality. Governments should perform similar analyses to provide indicators of system saturation, although further validation of these results might be needed to use this indicator to drive public policy.
A Simple and Systematic Approach to Qualitative Data Extraction From Social Media for Novice Health Care Researchers: Tutorial
Authors: Pretorius Kelly
Published: July 2024

Social media analyses have become increasingly popular among health care researchers. Social media continues to grow its user base and, when analyzed, offers unique insight into health problems. The process of obtaining data for social media analyses varies greatly and involves ethical considerations. Data extraction is often facilitated by software tools, some of which are open source, while others are costly and therefore not accessible to all researchers. The use of software for data extraction is accompanied by additional challenges related to the uniqueness of social media data. Thus, this paper serves as a tutorial for a simple method of extracting social media data that is accessible to novice health care researchers and public health professionals who are interested in pursuing social media research. The discussed methods were used to extract data from Facebook for a study of maternal perspectives on sudden unexpected infant death.