bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ameloblasts in Health and Disease
Authors: Tamgadge Sandhya , Tamgadge Avinash , Agre Bhagyashree
Published: May 2021

Ameloblasts are highly sensitive enamel-forming cells. They are derived from ectoderm and undergo a series of transformative changes in their life cycle. The functional efficiency of ameloblasts depends on various factors such as intracellular and extracellular environment, epithelial–mesenchymal interactions, and genetic control. Enamel formation is a well-organized event in the life cycle of ameloblasts. Normal enamel formation is the sign of healthy ameloblasts. The well-being of ameloblasts would be under threat in multiple situations. Internal regulatory mechanisms that are influenced by genetic mutations will lead to abnormal behavior of the cell. Environmental factors such as trauma, infection, exposure to chemicals, nutritional deficiencies, and hormonal dysregulation would affect the cell's normal behavior, which leads to abnormal enamel production. In this article, factors affecting the health of ameloblasts are described briefly.
Possible Association between Benign Migratory Glossitis and Fissured Tongue with Psoriasis
Authors: Rodriguez-Archilla Alberto , El-Ouastani Saliha
Published: May 2021

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disease that affects approximately 2% of the population. It is related to geographic tongue (GT) because both present similar clinical, histopathological, and genetic patterns, suggesting that GT could represent an oral manifestation of psoriasis. The objective of this study is to assess the possible relationship between psoriasis and its possible oral manifestations such as GT and/or fissured tongue (FT). A search for the articles on psoriasis and tongue or oral mucosa was performed in the next electronic databases: PubMed (MEDLINE and Cochrane Library), Web of Science, and Spanish Medical Index (SMI). From 175 potentially eligible articles, 151 were excluded for the several reasons: articles without full-text availability (119) and studies without clinical or usable data (32). Finally, 24 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The data were analyzed using the statistical software RevMan 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). For dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Among patients with psoriasis, 8.6% had a GT and 28.2% had a FT. Psoriasis patients were more likely to present both GT (OR: 3.61, P < 0.001) or FT (OR: 2.84, P < 0.001). Regarding the expression of histocompatibility antigens, patients with psoriasis and GT more frequently expressed type B13 and B57 antigens, whereas controls without psoriasis or GT showed more types B15, B17, B40, B58, C04, Cw6, DR5, and DRw6 antigens. Geographical tongue and FT are most often observed in patients with psoriasis.
Workplace Violence among Dental Surgeons - A Survey
Authors: Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Ramani Pratibha , Sukumaran Gheena , Ramasubramanian Abilasha , Karunagaran Monica , Hannah R.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Workplace violence is a multi-causal, multifaceted, public health, legal and social problem faced by all occupations worldwide. Recently, there has been an increase in the prevalence of workplace violence against doctors. Even though the government has attempted to address these problems in India, doctors are still experiencing violence in their workplaces.

Aim:

The aim of this survey was to determine the prevalence and awareness of workplace violence among dental surgeons.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among the dental surgeons. A self-administered questionnaire containing 15 questions was made and validated. A Web-based questionnaire was developed using Google forms and was circulated. A total of 112 responses were obtained. Questions were answered with “yes” “no” or by marking the correct responses. Frequency analysis and percentage analysis were done with the obtained results.

Results:

Our study showed that 74.1% of the participants heard about the workplace violence and 30.4% faced violence in their clinic. The nature of the violence was physical in 0.9%, verbal in 39.3%, and sexual in 0.9% among the participants who faced violence. A total of 92.9% of the participants reported that they require policies and guidelines against this workplace violence.

Conclusion:

Dental surgeons should have proper knowledge about the work-related violence and methods to control this violence. Policies, procedures, and intervention strategies should be undertaken to manage this alarming issues.
Indications and Future Perspectives of a Minimally Invasive Ultrasound-guided Double-needle Joint Lavage
Authors: Sahoo Rajendra Kumar , Galluccio Felice , Chang Ke-vin , Perez Mario Fajardo
Published: May 2021

Arthroscopic joint lavage was proposed as a treatment option for different joint conditions such as septic or inflammatory arthritis. Ultrasound (US) is today considered a fundamental tool in musculoskeletal diseases as for diagnostic and guide for interventional procedures such as synovial fluid sampling and drug injections. To enable faster recovery and to have an alternative to surgery, to reduce risks and costs, we performed an US-guided double-needle lavage of the shoulder joint. Here, we present two different clinical cases, the first with septic arthritis and the second with recalcitrant gouty arthritis, successfully treated with this technique.
Automated Follicular Assessment Using a Novel Two-dimensional Ultrasound-based Solution
Authors: Firtion Celine , Ramachandran Ganesan , Prakash Sindhu P. Nellur , Hiwale Sujitkumar , Vajinepalli Pallavi , Manyam Indira , Gunasheela Devika
Published: May 2021

Background:

High intra- and interobserver variability in the follicular assessment using two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) is still a concern. To solve this issue, we have developed a novel software solution, which automatically provides follicles' count and their diameters using 2D US images obtained by a manual sweep of an ovary. The primary objective of this study was to compare the result of the automated solution with a manual 2D US-based assessment.

Methods:

In the first phase, multiple follicular US sweeps were collected from 54 subjects; these sweeps were used to develop the software. In the second phase, data from 10 subjects were collected for validation of the developed solution. During each phase, for follicles ≥5 mm, their count and diameters were recorded by the sonologist using 2D US.

Results:

For the total follicle count, a high correlation (0.787) was observed between the solution and manual assessment. The 95% limits of agreement between the two methods were in the range of 4.232 to −4.258. The two methods had an excellent correlation (0.817) for the measurement of mean follicular diameter. However, the solution had a tendency to underestimate the mean diameter by an average of 1.725 mm (±2.16 mm). The limits of agreement between the two methods for mean diameter measurement were from 2.508 to −5.960 mm.

Conclusion:

This study validates the feasibility of our solution for automatic assessment of follicle count and diameter with accuracy comparable to the 2D US-based manual assessment. We further observed that the solution's performance is better than known intra- and interobserver variability of the manual assessment. We recommend further validation of the solution to confirm these initial results and potential time gain with an automated assessment.
Response of Proinflammatory Cytokine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha to Moderate Physical Activity in Nondiabetic Hypertensives and Type 2 Diabetic Hypertensives
Authors: Gupta Barkha , Sharma Sonali , Bhandari Sudhir , Bhardwaj Sonal , Ahmed Asrar
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Hypertension is a multifactorial disease and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, particularly in patients of diabetes mellitus. Management of hypertension is one of the critical components of comprehensive clinical management of diabetics.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of physical activity on systemic inflammation in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with hypertension.

Methods:

A total of 100 participants of either gender aged 40–69 years of Stage 2 essential hypertension were included in the study and assigned to 12 weeks of moderate physical activity (walking 10,000 steps/day). These study participants were further divided into two groups: type 2 diabetic (n =66) and nondiabetic (n = 34) hypertensives. Anthropometric parameters were noted and biochemical variables estimated at baseline and postintervention and evaluated statistically.

Results:

Twelve weeks of walking resulted in improved levels of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were reduced from 168.98 ± 3.76 to 154.29 ± 7.48 mmHg and from 103.38 ± 2.46 to 89.08 ± 3.62 mmHg, respectively. Body weight and body mass index were reduced from 69.8 ± 7.09 to 68.3 ± 6.53 kg and 23.21 ± 3.35 to 22.70 ± 3.16 kg/m2, respectively. A significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (Group 1: 8.36% ± 1.83% vs. 7.74% ± 1.82%; Group 2: 5.56% ± 0.4% vs. 5.09% ± 0.19%) was found. A significant reduction in TNF-α levels in hypertensives with diabetes and a significant (P < 0.0001) decrease in nondiabetic hypertensive participants (Group 1: 1.38 ± 0.701 vs. 1.068 ± 0.657 pg/ml; Group 2: 1.341 ± 0.749 vs. 0.894 ± 0.601 pg/ml, respectively; pre vs. postP < 0.0001) were observed, respectively.

Conclusion:

Regular moderate physical activity induces anti-inflammatory state in hypertensives by reducing levels of proinflammatory marker TNF-α. It also resulted in good glycemic control and improvement in BP and has health beneficial effects.
The forgotten malariologist
Authors: Chaudhury Abhijit
Published: May 2021

The discovery of the mosquito as a vector for malaria parasite was an important discovery at the turn of the 19th century for which Sir Ronald Ross received the Nobel Prize in 1902. Battista Grassi, an Italian physician and a zoologist is also credited with this discovery and he described the species of the mosquito and proved the transmission in healthy human volunteer. Although we remember his name only in this context, he also made numerous other discoveries spanning the fields of protozoology, helminthology, entomology, and zoology.
Fasciola hepatica association with gallbladder malignancy
Authors: Swain Bichitrananda , Otta Sarita , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Uthansingh Kanishka
Published: May 2021

Fasciolopsis is one of the rarest parasitic infestations in our locality. The usual definitive host is the sheep; humans are accidental hosts in the life cycle of a liver fluke – Fasciola. In the chronic phage of Fasciolopsis, the patient presents with cholestasis and cholangitis. Yet, there is no proof of association of this parasite with carcinoma of the gallbladder. We here present such a case of Fasciolopsis in association with Stage IV gallbladder malignancy. Fasciola worms were extracted on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography done as a palliative measure for associated obstructive jaundice. The chronic phase of this zoonotic infection can be easily misdiagnosed as any other cause of obstructive jaundice if not properly investigated. The importance of repeated stool examination for parasitic ova and cysts should never be understated as it may help in early diagnosis of such treatable conditions as well as preventing the complications.
Sparganosis mimicking a soft-tissue tumor
Authors: Sharma Shiwangi , Mahajan Rakesh Kumar , Ram Hira , Karikalan M. , Achra Arvind
Published: May 2021

Human sparganosis is a rare but important food borne zoonosis and could be attributed to increased consumption of raw meat of fish, frogs, snakes etc. Sparganosis may involve varied organ systems but subcutaneous sparganosis remains the one of the commonly reported clinical condition. Rarity of this problem reinforces the necessity of sensitising the treating physicians of the differential possibility of this infection in patients with history of practice of consuming raw meat. Expansion of health communication and provision of safe food and water by the civic agencies can be a part of powerful preventive strategies.
Cryptosporidium and waterborne outbreaks – A mini review
Authors: Gururajan Anusha , Rajkumari Nonika , Devi Utpala , Borah Parismita
Published: May 2021

Cryptosporidium spp. is one of the prime agents of infectious diarrhea. Cryptosporidium spp. has been gaining awareness as a pathogen of public health importance in India and other developing countries. Owing to the nature of multiple transmission routes such as person-to-person, animal-to-person, waterborne and foodborne, the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in humans is not well known. A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis may lead to better diagnosis and better treatment of the condition. Asymptomatic human and animal transmission illustrates that the spread of infection through the environment is a more plausible explanation, waterborne transmission in particular. The disease burden is underestimated and its global impact is yet to be quantified due to the lack of country-specific estimates. Assessment of the disease itself has been crucial since the morphological indistinguishability, differences in distribution and transmission, and variations in the genotypes.
Oscillating multipliers on symmetric and locally symmetric spaces
Authors: Papageorgiou Effie
Published: May 2021

We prove
$L^{p}$
-boundedness of oscillating multipliers on symmetric spaces of noncompact type of arbitrary rank, as well as on a wide class of locally symmetric spaces.
Methanol extract of Aruncus dioicus exerts antidiabetic effect via PCSK9/LDLR pathway
Authors: Gong Li , Yang Qing , Huang Yinluan , Xie Shaoyan , Zeng Chao , Liu Yuzhou
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of Aruncus dioicus, and the underlying mechanism(s).

Methods: Twenty-four adult female albino mice were randomly assigned to four groups of six mice each: normal control group, diabetic control group and two treatment groups. With the exception of normal control group, the diabetic control and treatment groups consisted of leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) type 2 diabetic mice. The diabetic control group was not treated, while the treatment groups received 200 or 400 mg/kg extract/day orally for 4 weeks. The effect of the extract on fasting blood glucose (FBG), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), glycogen and lipid profiles were determined. The expressions of PCSK9, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and glucokinase (GCK) were determined in liver tissues using western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results: Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was significantly and dose-dependently reduced in the treatment groups, relative to diabetic control group at different time-points (p < 0.05). Total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly higher in the diabetic control group than in normal control group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with methanol extract of A. dioicus significantly and dose-dependently reversed the changes in the levels of these parameters (p < 0.05). The expressions of LDLR and GCK were significantly down-regulated in diabetic control group, when compared with normal control group, but their expressions were significantly dose-dependently upregulated in the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Treatment with the extract significantly and dose-dependently down-regulated PCSK9 expression (p < 0.05). Liver injury characterized by large distended lipid droplets and fat accumulation was seen in diabetic mice, but treatment with methanol extract of A. dioicus significantly reversed the histopathological changes induced by DM.

Conclusion: These results indicate that the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of A. dioicus is exerted via a mechanism involving PCSK9/LDLR pathway.
Security Provisioning and Compression of Diverse Genomic Data based on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm
Authors: Gudodagi Raveendra , Siva Reddy R. Venkata
Published: May 2021

Compression of genomic data has gained enormous momentum in recent years because of advances in technology, exponentially growing health concerns, and government funding for research. Such advances have driven us to personalize public health and medical care. These pose a considerable challenge for ubiquitous computing in data storage. One of the main issues faced by genomic laboratories is the 'cost of storage' due to the large data file of the human genome (ranging from 30 GB to 200 GB). Data preservation is a set of actions meant to protect data from unauthorized access or changes. There are several methods used to protect data, and encryption is one of them. Protecting genomic data is a critical concern in genomics as it includes personal data. We suggest a secure encryption and decryption technique for diverse genomic data (FASTA / FASTQ format) in this article. Since we know the sequenced data is massive in bulk, the raw sequenced file is broken into sections and compressed. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is used for encryption, and the Galois / Counter Mode (GCM) algorithm, is used to decode the encrypted data. This approach reduces the amount of storage space used for the data disc while preserving the data. This condition necessitates the use of a modern data compression strategy. That not only reduces storage but also improves process efficiency by using a k-th order Markov chain. In this regard, no efforts have been made to address this problem separately, from both the hardware and software realms. In this analysis, we support the need for a tailor-made hardware and software ecosystem that will take full advantage of the current stand-alone solutions. The paper discusses sequenced DNA, which may take the form of raw data obtained from sequencing. Inappropriate use of genomic data presents unique risks because it can be used to classify any individual; thus, the study focuses on the security provisioning and compression of diverse genomic data using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm.
Research on factors affecting the competitiveness of Nghi Son economic zone, Thanh Hoa province
Authors: Nguyen Hieu Tien , Le Le Thi ,   Board of Management, Nghi Son Economic Zone, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam  Thanh Hoa University of Culture, Sport and Tourism, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam
Published: May 2021

Competitiveness plays a key role in creating the prosperity, efficiency, and productivity of an economic zone. This study is conducted to build and verify a scale of factors affecting the competitiveness of Nghi Son economic zone, Thanh Hoa province. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods are applied. The collected data includes 108 enterprises operating in Nghi Son economic zone. After screening, the data is processed through the exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and description statistics to consider as a basis for the weighting scales. The research results indicate that: there are 4 groups of factors that directly affect the competitiveness of the economic zone, including: availability of the economic zone, the role of the economic zone management board, competitiveness platform at EZ level, and competitiveness platform at the enterprise level. The assessment of the importance of factor groups shows that the groups of indicators related to the advantage of input production factors are underestimated the role of intangible factors related to competing capability.
Trabalhando com ficheiros de texto em Python
Authors: Turkel William J. , Crymble Adam
Published: May 2021

Nesta lição, você aprenderá a manipular ficheiros de texto usando Python.
The Role of the Public in Prison Transformations of the 19th Century in Russia
Authors: BELYAEVA LARISA I.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: the article examines the circumstances that promoted the activity of social forces of the 19th century in improving prison life and re-socialization of persons released from prison. The article describes the areas of public activity aimed at the transformation of prisons in the Russian Empire and the impact of this activity on the improvement of the execution of sentences in the form of imprisonment. We analyze the activities of the Guardianship Society for Prisons, Patronage Societies and other non-governmental structures. We assess the role of the public in the development of domestic legislation and law enforcement practice and analyze errors and omissions that occurred. Methods: the study is based on the axiological approach. Finding a solution to the research problem was facilitated by the use of general philosophical principles of dialectics and special methods of cognition: systematic, formal-legal, sociological, etc. Results: the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment contributed to the manifestation of social activity, in the public consciousness there emerged a thought about the necessity to abandon the cruelty of punishment. The organization of patronage is a necessary condition for the transformation of prisons. Discussion: it is noteworthy that in the works of different historical periods, we can find common views and negative assessments of the activities of non-governmental entities of the pre-revolutionary period associated with the prison department. Conclusions: the activity of the public in the field of transformation of correctional institutions cannot be considered faultless. However, the number of its critical assessments is so large that there is no need to increase it; anyway, this cannot change anything. From an axiological point of view, it is much more important to identify what is valuable for social practice: it stimulated the development of public initiative in addressing the issues related to punishment and its execution, the establishment of new public formations that aimed their activities at providing assistance to those released from prison, organizing the execution of sentences against minors, the removal of children of convicts from prisons and the establishment of shelters for them, etc.

Keywords: Public; Enlightenment era; Guardianship Society for Prisons; patronage societies; societies for agricultural colonies and craft shelters; academic community; prison; prison transformations; prison reform; prisoners; rehabilitation; juvenile offenders; international congresses
State Service in the Prosecutor’s Office in the System of State Service in the Law Enforcement Sphere
Authors: SMIRNOV ANDREI V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: the paper analyzes current Russian legislation regulating the functioning of the institute of state service. Aim: to study federal legislative acts containing provisions that define the list of state bodies that are classified as law enforcement agencies, and to look into the reasons why the legislator abandons the term “law enforcement service”. Methods: general scientific and special methods, including comparative legal, comprehensive, logical methods, analysis and synthesis. Results: we reveal certain inconsistencies in the regulatory framework that make it difficult to establish common features and specifics of administrative and legal status of such bodies; these inconsistencies also impede further development of the theory of administrative law when studying the institution of state service. Conclusion: based on the analysis of the types of functional activities of state bodies, we conclude that the service in the prosecutor’s office is classified as the state service related to law enforcement activity; we note its similarity and difference in relation to the service in other state bodies that perform law enforcement functions, including institutions and bodies of the penal system. In line with the methodology of integrative legal understanding, we define the service in the prosecutor’s office as the professional activity carried out on behalf of the state by employees holding positions in authorized federal state bodies and empowered by law to apply state enforcement measures aimed at protecting law and order, human rights and freedoms, public and state interests, combating crimes and other offenses, or the professional activity related to the performance of the functions of internal administration and staffing of these bodies. We emphasize that such service is implemented in strict accordance with the rules established by administrative and legal norms, and on the basis of ethical principles and moral principles that form the orientation of employees toward achieving socially useful goals and interests of the state itself. Scientific and practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the conclusions made in it can be used in scientific, educational and law-making activities.

Keywords: state service; law enforcement agencies; law enforcement activities; control and supervisory activities; human rights activities; prosecutor’s office agencies; prosecutor’s office employees.
Pattern and Sources of Farm Investment in Agriculture of West Bengal: A Comparative Analysis Between Small and Large Farm
Authors: Roy Arnab
Published: May 2021

The analysis of the farm level investment is a complex problem, being very useful in the planning as well as in policy making process. This paper is the first to attempt a systematic comparison of investment between small and large farms in West Bengal. There has been a growing interest in recent years in the pattern of the capital formation, and sources of farm investment between different categories of farmer. The paper identifies the pattern of investment on different farm assets viz., purchase of land and land improvement, livestock, machinery, farm building, irrigation equipments and perennial crops.   Data for the study was generated through a sample survey of 90 farm households from two districts in West Bengal. The rate of capital formation increased as the farm size increased. Purchase of irrigation appliances and land were the major item of capital formation in the farms of both small and large categories. Large farms invested highest on irrigation implements (` 66,467) and least on perennial crops (` 10,700). However, magnitude of investment was different across the different categories of farm. The per hectare investment on different farm capital assets found higher in case of small farms (` 2,77,559 per ha) than large farms (` 2,77,010 per ha). On aggregate, share of investment on different items was more than three times higher than investment made by small farmers in the last twelve month on their farms.
How Little We Know: Big Gaps in Psychology and Economics
Authors: Roberts Seth
Published: May 2021

A rule about the control of variability is reducing expectation of reward increases variation of the form of rewarded actions. This is a rule about how food-getting knowledge is gathered, something we know almost nothing about. Almost all instrumental learning experiments are about how food-getting knowledge is used. Not only do we know almost nothing about how such knowledge is gathered, the question is almost never studied. Similar gaps exist in the study of human learning and economics. In human learning, how the environment controls curiosity is never studied. Likewise, economics theories are almost entirely about how people use economically-valuable knowledge. How the environment controls creation of that knowledge is a mystery that textbooks and researchers ignore.
Persistent Memory Retention of Reward Events and Proactive Interference in Reward Series Learning By Mice
Authors: Taniuchi Tohru
Published: May 2021

This study examines acquisition of a single alternating series of reward quantities in mice. Four male ICR mice, trained in a straight runway, showed deferential response to items in a 3-0-3-0-3-0-3 series, constructed from a varying number of 0.045 g food pellets under inter-trial intervals(ITI) of 30 s (Experiment 1) or 20 min (Experiment 2), by running more slowly to nonrewards than rewards. Although mice showed reliable item anticipation under 20 min ITIs, nonreward anticipation became poorer in later serial positions than in earlier positions. It is possible that gradual deterioration of nonreward anticipation in a series is caused by proactive interference from previous item memories, since the nonreward anticipation was improved when the target item was divided by a long 120 min interval from prior items that were a potential source of proactive interference (Experiment 3). In Experiment 4, mice learned to respond differentially to the second item of 5-0 and 0-5 series with an ITI of 180 min. These results suggest that mice can discriminate reward magnitudes by forming item-associations between adjacent items and retain information of a previous item for a long interval, and that proactive interference occurs among item memories in a series.
International and European Norms on the Rule of Law from the Perspective of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Tubić Bojan
Published: May 2021

This paper examines international and European norms concerning the principle of the rule of law and its implications for the Republic of Serbia’s legal order. There is no universally accepted definition of the rule of law, but some common elements can be found in international legislative acts and jurisprudence. The European Union and Council of Europe have substantial legislation on this issue; with their courts’ jurisprudence, they have a significant influence on their Member States’ comprehension of the rule of law principle. The Republic of Serbia has embraced the principle in its Constitution and developed it in its legislation. It will also accept and include European interpretations of the rule of law in its legislation and judicial and administrative practice by joining the European Union.
Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Ovarian Cancer among Two Egyptian Cohorts
Authors: Ahmed Sahar A. A. , Yassien Sahar
Published: May 2021

Context: Ovarian cancer is a global health crisis, as it is one of the devastating diagnoses for the patient and family. Nurse is a key person in the effort of health promotion, screening, and early detection. As well as care through the illness continuum.

Aims: This study aims to determine the risk factors of ovarian cancer among two Egyptian cohorts, and to determine the possible protective factors of ovarian cancer among two Egyptian cohorts.

Methods: A descriptive exploratory (Case/control) prospective research design used to achieve the study aim. The study conducted in two clinical settings those are National Cancer Institute (for cases), and El-Minia General Hospital (for controls). The study recruited 80 cases with a confirmed diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and 456 healthy controls without ovarian cancer. A structured interview questionnaire used to collect data regarding the presence of possible risk and protective factors.

Results: The results of the present study revealed a highly statistically significant difference between cases and controls regarding their educational level, family history of ovarian cancer, types of other cancers, hysterectomy, and eating a low-fat diet at p<0.001. The study also showed a statistically significant difference regarding age at menopause, the degree of relationship with colorectal cancer relatives, and history of endometriosis at p<0.05.

Conclusion: The study signifies the level of education, hysterectomy, late age at menopause, and eating low fat diet as a protective-factors against ovarian cancer, while signifies the positive family history of ovarian cancer, and endometriosis as risk factors associated with ovarian cancer. The study recommended trained health care providers to monitor trends in ovarian cancer occurrence, disparities in care and health assurance assistance, provide screening and early detection activities, care, education for healthy women who are at risk for ovarian cancer.
Modelling and Sensitivity Analysis of Influencing Parameters in Displacement of Dynamic Bodies
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India, K.S Yokesh
Published: May 2021

The mathematical modelling in relation to the Six-degree freedom system of train suspension is developed and simulated for their dynamic characteristics. The important challenge in the suspension system is vertical displacement obtained from the vehicle body. To reduce vertical displacement, an analysis of the model is done by variation of parameters such as stiffness of spring and damping coefficient. The model has been created by deriving the equations of a system using Newton’s law. The developed model has the potential to analyse the dynamic characteristics of the suspension system for both displacement of the vehicle body and displacement of the wheel. The outcome of this research revealed that Secondary spring stiffness is the most dominant factor to influence the displacement of the vehicle body; Primary damping coefficient is the most dominant factor to influence displacement of the wheel.
Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Performance and Growth: Are Microenterprises and Small Firms Equal?
Authors: Mojica-Carrillo Elena Patricia , Maldonado-Guzmán Gonzalo , Pinzón-Castro Sandra Yesenia , Riaño-Castillo Angie Lorena
Published: May 2021

Entrepreneurial orientation is one of the constructs that is increasingly gaining the attention of researchers, academics and industry professionals, and is considered in the current literature as one of the business strategies that generates, both a higher level of financial performance and growth in companies. However, there are relatively few studies published in the entrepreneurship literature that analyze the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, financial performance and the level of growth of small companies, especially in emerging economy countries, as is the case from Mexico. For this reason, through a sample of 300 micro and small companies, the essential objective of this study is the analysis of the effects of company size on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, financial performance and growth of companies.
The results obtained show that the entrepreneurial orientation has significant positive effects both on financial performance and on the level of growth of micro and small companies.

JEL classification numbers: M21
Keywords: Open innovation practices, Product development, Firm performance, Manufacturing firms.
New records of buffy-tufted-ear marmoset Callithrix aurita (É. Geoffroy, 1812), in a protected area of Teresópolis, Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Guniel-Cunha Vitor , Rodrigo-Dias Paulo , De Barros Mello Filho Ricardo , Luiz do Nascimento Jorge , De Viveiros Grelle Carlos Eudardo
Published: May 2021

Callithrix aurita, an Atlantic Forest endemic primate, is a threatened species due to habitat loss, deforestation, interspecific competition and hybridization. In 2018, it entered the list of the world's 25-most threatened primate species, therefore, new occurrence sites must help in its conservation. Transects in the Montanhas de Teresópolis Municipal Natural Park and occasional sampling on the surrounding roads, using playback, have been carried out between March 2020 and January 2021. Eleven new records were made of the occurrence of the species in and around the PNMMT, in secondary forest sites with altitudes between 711 and 1000m. These records reinforce the importance of the Park for the conservation of this primate. The presence of this species can help the planning and management of this protected area, indicating areas for preservation.
Posterieur reversibel encefalopathiesyndroom in het postpartum
Authors: STEYAERT L. , LEMMENS R. , TERWECOREN A. , DE PAUW A.
Published: May 2021

A late postpartum complication

The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiological syndrome characterized by acute neurological symptoms such as headaches, visual symptoms, altered consciousness and epileptic seizures in combination with subcortical vascular edema. One of the possible causes of PRES is pre-eclampsia. Observational studies show that some women with new-onset hypertension in the postpartum have an imbalance in pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, as in women with antepartum pre-eclampsia.

Based on this case report, this potentially dangerous clinical entity is described. The 38-year-old primiparous patient presented 17 days after childbirth with a headache and severe hypertension. The diagnosis of PRES was made via an MRI. There was a good clinical response among chlorthalidone, bisoprolol and amlodipine. Sequential MRI images showed reversibility of the lesions.

Regular blood pressure monitoring in women who recently gave birth, is important. New-onset hypertension is an alarm sign for pre-eclampsia in this patient group. Brain imaging is strongly recommended in case of the concomitant presence of risk factors of a headache. Early diagnosis of PRES and rapid treatment are necessary to prevent permanent neurological damage and mortality.
Etapas da produção da vacina antivariólica no Instituto Butantan
Authors: Prado José Amaral do
Published: May 2021

.
Pesquisa biomédica e produção de imunobiológicos em São Paulo: um duelo entre o público e o privado
Authors: Teixeira Luiz Antonio
Published: May 2021

Este texto se originou de uma apresentação que proferi no seminário “Médicine, science et santé dans les rapports Brésil-France: présent, passe et futur” realizado pela Fiocruz e pelo Instituto Pasteur em 2005, como um dos eventos do Ano Brasil na França. Embora seja uma refl exão bastante preliminar, acredito que sua publicação seja interessante à medida que possibilite pensar de forma integrada a trajetória das instituições biomédicas de São Paulo. Discutiremos alguns aspectos da trajetória institucional dos Institutos Pasteur de São Paulo e Butantan, abordando seu contexto de criação, seu desenvolvimento e as crises por que passaram ainda na primeira metade do século XX. Iniciaremos apresentando, de forma comparativa, a trajetória das duas instituições, ressaltando a grande ampliação de suas atividades nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Em seguida observaremos o desenvolvimento das instituições privadas voltadas para a fabricação de produtos biológicose outros medicamentos e analisaremos comparativamente o desenvolvimento dessas últimas simultaneamente às difi culdades vividaspelas duas primeiras. Por fi m, nos voltaremos para o processo de consolidação institucional do Pasteur e do Butantan no contexto mais recente de expansão das ações profi láticas de saúde pública.
O campo vai à cidade: o caso do Grupo Escolar Rural do Butantan
Authors: Mota André
Published: May 2021

.
Professor Oswaldo Frota-Pessoa: uma aula diferente
Authors: Sant’Anna Osvaldo Augusto
Published: May 2021

.
Desenvolvimento da vacinas BCG recombinante neonatal contra coqueluche
Authors: Leite Luciana Cezar de Cerqueira
Published: May 2021

.
Isaias 80 anos
Authors: Colli Walter
Published: May 2021

.
Filosofia e princípios dos arquivos audiovisuais
Authors: Xavier Priscila de Almeida
Published: May 2021

.
As vozes que ecoam: mulheres, ressentimentos e saúde mental
Authors: Passos Rachel Gouveia
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho visa analisar os sentimentos que moveram a participação social do familiar/cuidador da pessoa em sofrimento psíquico, dando destaque às mulheres como agentes de mobilização e organização no movimento da luta antimanicomial.
Sobre a História da Ciência na USP
Authors: Ibañez Nelson
Published: May 2021

Entrevista com Shozo Motoyama - Doutor em História Social pela Universidade de São Paulo (1971), pós-doutorado pela University Of Tokyo (1975) e pós-doutorado pela Waseda University (1975). Atualmente é Professor Titular – FFLCH/USP da Universidade de São Paulo, Membro da Comissão Executiva dos 70 anos USP da Universidade de São Paulo, Membro do Conselho Curador Museu de Ciências da Universidade de São Paulo, Membro Conselho Curador Memória do Saber da Fundação Patrimônio Histórico de Energia e Saneamento, Membro Conselho Consultivo Memória do Saber do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Presidente do Centro de Estudos Nipo Brasileiro, Membro Fundo Bunka de Pesquisa da Sociedade Brasileira de Cultura Japonesa, Membro Titular da Cadeira nº15 da Academia Paulista de História, Membro do Instituto Histórico Geográfico de São Paulo, membro do Conselho Superior de Estudos Avançados/Fiesp, Membro do Conselho Tecnológico do Sindicato dos Engenheiros no Estado de São Paulo. É referencia na área de História, em especial na História das Ciências. Esta entrevista para o Caderno de História da Ciência do professor Shozo Motayama, precursor da área de história das ciências na USP, foi realizada por Nelson Ibañez e Maria Cristina da Costa Marques em 21/10/2010 no Centro Interunidade de História da Ciência da Universidade de São Paulo.
Correlation of CD44v6 and type IV collagen immunohistochemical expression in borderline and malignant surface epithelial tumors
Authors: Abdul Ghany Mohanad M. , AlKurtas Mohammed A. , Hassan Israa T.
Published: May 2021

Background: the difference in expression of type IV collagen in borderline tumors and ovarian carcinomas has been studied, but the association with adhesion molecules like CD44 have not gain enough interest. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the expression of CD44v6 and type IV collagen status in borderline tumors and invasive ovarian carcinomas and the correlation between them to define the role of these molecules in tumor invasion and metastasis. Type of the study: A cross sectional study Methods: The study included a total of (101) formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ovarian tissue blocks; of which (19) cases were borderline tumors and (82) cases were overt ovarian carcinomas. Sections from each block were immunohistochemically stained for CD44v6 and type IV collagen. Results: CD44v6 was significantly correlated with FIGO stage of borderline tumors (p=0.001) and ovarian carcinoma (<0.001) and with histological grade of ovarian carcinomas (p=0.004). There was significantly higher expression of type IV collagen in borderline tumors compared to invasive carcinoma(p<0.001) this significance was also seen in correlation to age, stage and grade of the invasive carcinoma, no significant differences in other clinicopathological features were found. There was negative correlation between CD44 v6 & type IV collagen which was statistically significance (P<0.05) in carcinoma but not in borderline tumors. Conclusions: Our data suggest that observed inverse correlation of type IV collagen expression with CD44v6 positivity in surface epithelial tumors indicates that these molecules may cooperate in the invasion and progression of ovarian carcinomas.
Quản lý giếng bơm ép nước bằng phương pháp điện trở điện dung và đồ thị Hall
Authors: Do Nguyen Van
Published: May 2021

Khi tiến hành bơm ép nước duy trì áp suất mỏ, việc giám sát và đánh giá quá trình bơm ép nước nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả thu hồi dầu đóng vai trò quan trọng. Sự suy giảm độ tiếp nhận của giếng bơm ép nước gây ra các vấn đề phức tạp, ảnh hưởng không tốt tới các thiết bị trên bề mặt cũng như thiết bị trong lòng giếng. Ngoài ra việc bơm ép không đúng lưu lượng gây ra hiện tượng ngập nước sớm tại các giếng khai thác ảnh hưởng đến thu hồi dầu. Bài báo giới thiệu chương trình quản lý giếng bơm ép nước bằng phương pháp điện trở điện dung và đồ thị Hall (Hall plot) nhằm hạn chế tối thiểu các vấn đề phức tạp này.
Đánh giá khả năng sản xuất melamine từ nguồn nguyên liệu dịch urea của Nhà máy Đạm Cà Mau
Authors: Thuong Vo Thi , Loc Tran Vinh , Hai Le Duong , Le Nguyen Thi Mai , Trang Pham Thu , Duc Nguyen Trung , Huan Nguyen Manh , Hang Nguyen Anh Thu , Thuan Huynh Minh
Published: May 2021

Bài báo phân tích cơ hội đầu tư dự án sản xuất melamine từ nguồn urea của Nhà máy Đạm Cà Mau dựa trên các yếu tố nguyên liệu, thị trường, công nghệ và hiệu quả kinh tế. Việt Nam nhập khẩu melamine để đáp ứng nhu cầu trong nước được dự báo khoảng 40 nghìn tấn/ năm vào năm 2025 và sau đó tiếp tục tăng trưởng khoảng 5,5%/năm. Dự án đầu tư sản xuất melamine từ nguồn urea của Nhà máy Đạm Cà Mau với quy mô công suất 40 nghìn tấn/năm, dự kiến đi vào vận hành vào năm 2027. Kết quả tính toán cho thấy, với tổng mức đầu tư (bao gồm thuế, lãi vay và vốn lưu động năm đầu) khoảng 6.308 tỷ đồng, dự án cho kết quả IRR khoảng 17,2% và NPV@10% là 1.884 tỷ đồng; tổng thời gian thu hồi vốn là 5 năm và 9 tháng. Do đó, melamine có thể coi là sản phẩm tiềm năng để xem xét đầu tư trong thời gian tới.
UMA ANÁLISE DO PACTO NACIONAL DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO NA IDADE CERTA (PNAIC) A PARTIR DOS CADERNOS DE FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Drumond  Vilas Boas Tavares Philippe , Wittig Costa Carolina
Published: May 2021

Este artigo apresenta reflexões a partir de um estudo bibliográfico e documental acerca da formação continuada de professores e sua relevância no âmbito educacional tendo como objeto de estudo o programa do governo federal “Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa” (PNAIC), que visa alfabetizar todas as crianças de até os oito anos de idade, até o final do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental como proposta de melhorar os índices educacionais do Brasil. Foram analisados na parte documental os 10 (dez) cadernos de formação de 2015 do PNAIC. A necessidade da formação continuada se faz em decorrência das transformações e dos desafios que emergem da sociedade, exigindo uma prática docente aprimorada como pressuposto essencial para propiciar uma educação de transformadora, alicerçada em novos métodos e práticas pedagógicas ressignificando a atuação docente e impulsionando os índices educacionais direta e indiretamente
НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ РАСЧЕТА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ЗЕМЛЯНОГО ПОЛОТНА
Authors: Омаров Амангельды Джумагалиевич , Саржанов Тайжан Садыханович , Мусаева Гульмира Сериковна
Published: May 2021

Железнодорожный путь является основой железнодорожного транспорта. Выбор конструкции пути, мощности рельсов, типа скреплений, конструкции и количества укладываемых на километр шпал, род и толщина балластного слоя определяется, в основном, грузонапряженностью, допускаемыми скоростями движения и осевыми нагрузками подвижного состава. Работа земляного полотна и его основания в условиях роста грузонапряженности, осевых нагрузок, скоростей движения поезда все более осложняется.Таким образом, вопросы обеспечения высокого уровня надежности железнодорожного пути и долговременной стабильности его основания являются актуальными. В статье рассмотрены вопросы расчета устойчивости и прочности земляного полотна.