bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Management as Enterprise
Authors: Kutay Cat
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Indigenous people have been for a long time deprived of
financial benefit from their knowledge. Campaigns around
the stolen wages and the “Pay the Rent” campaign highlight
this. As does the endemic poverty and economic
disenfranchisement experienced by many Indigenous people
and communities in Australia. Recent enterprises developed
by Indigenous people, such as the sale of art works, can be
seen as examples of people receiving remuneration for
tangible products deriving from their knowledge. Also,
tourism involves the sale of selected knowledge in context.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a rich
and expanding area of enterprise development which supports
the development of knowledge and its use in enterprise.
While such work depends on the owner’s, or in this case
Indigenous, control of the knowledge, it can open up new
avenues for enterprise development. Knowledge about local
land can be included in children’s computer games,
knowledge about successful projects can be shared between
communities through the immediacy and multimedia format
afforded by online environments, and government reports and
statistics can be accessed and analysed by Indigenous
groups, given tools that suit a community’s abilities and
needs. In particular the way in which ICT can be adapted to
individual requirements make such tools ideal for
communities which form such a varied and complex
environment. The author believes it is important that
Indigenous communities not only benefit from ICT by taking
control of the technology for their purposes, but are also
part of its creation and design to suit their aspirations.
ICT is a highly flexible technology which can be tailored
to many different enterprises. This paper presents some of
the projects being developed at the University of New South
Wales and suggests how these can be extended.
Activity Day at Mallan School
Authors: Kirby Adelaide
Published: August 2016

On August 23, the Aboriginal educators, Kathy, Bruce and myself, and the cultural officer, Doug Nicholls, spent the day at Mallan School, which is about 20 minutes drive from Swan Hill into New South Wales.

When we arrived by bus the children, parents and teacher had the fires already going. Doug and Bruce, with the help of half of the students, put the clay balls in the fire while Kathy and I organised the other half of the students to paint one another’s faces along with the teacher and the parents. After everyone had their faces painted, they checked to see if the clay balls were hot enough to cook their lunches. Their lunches ranged from fish, chicken, duck, potatoes to eggs.

After putting the tucker on to cook, Doug and Bruce led everyone for a walk through the bush, showing them scarred trees and finding some red ochre. Bruce showed the children how to mix the red ochre with water.
Equality or Equity? : Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Futures
Authors: Barlow Alex
Published: August 2016

The Hon. John Dawkins (then) Minister for Employment, Education and Training, launched the Aboriginal Education Policy at a grand event in the Committee Room at Parliament House on 26th October 1989. The Prime Minister blessed the occasion with his presence and a short speech. Three of the former Chairs of the the National Aboriginal Education Committee were there, as were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander educationists from most Australian states. Only New South Wales, which decided to boycott the launch, wasn’t officially represented.

There are two reasons for calling the policy that the Minister launched the Aboriginal Education Policy. Firstly, because it is the first policy formally endorsed by any National government; and secondly, because it responds to the call made in the 1988 Report of the Aboriginal Education Policy Task Force, for a concerted national effort –

to achieve broad equity between Aboriginal people and other Australians in access, participation and outcomes at all stages of education. (National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Policy, 1989: 1.2.6 – Draft).
The Empowerment of Indigenous Australians in Mainstream Education
Authors: Stewart Jan
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this project is to implement strategies that will empower Indigenous Australians in mainstream education; specifically, at Chatswood Hills State School, Springwood. The proposed plan will continue to be implemented over a three-year period with on-going development expected beyond that time. My primary role will be as facilitator in initiating appropriate strategies. As a permanent teacher on the staff of the school, I will also participate in some or all of the programs, as requested.
Entrepreneurship in Indigenous Australia: the importance of Education
Authors: Foley Dennis
Published: August 2016

In the Coalition’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs 1998 election policy statement, The Honourable John Herron, Senator for Queensland and Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs, claimed that a second term Howard/Fischer government would continue to assist Indigenous Australia to move beyond welfare by continuing to target key areas that include education and economic development (Herron 1998:1).
Ongoing Conversations about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Research Agendas and Directions
Authors: Nakata Martin
Published: August 2016

Abstract
As we move forward with the shaping of Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander research agendas and directions in
Australia we are confronted with many issues basic to the
beginning of any discipline: the problem of small numbers;
the complexity and enormity of the problems; the diversity
in the intellectual field; the limited albeit developing
expertise; the limited opportunities for intellectual
dialogue; and, of course, the absence of resources to build
a professional base. The issue of our relative absence from
developing academic knowledge traditions over the last two
centuries, and our recent entrée to the higher eduction
sector, understandably, compounds our beginning point. This
paper was the basis of a keynote address at the third
Indigenous Researchers’ Forum in Melbourne in 2001 and, in
the main, is part of an ongoing conversation that speaks to
the developing issues.
Self-recognition and Well-being: Speaking Aboriginal English in Healthy Classrooms
Authors: Harrison Neil
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This paper applies the findings of doctoral research
undertaken in the Northern Territory. It draws on extended
interviews with nine Indigenous students studying at
university to produce four findings for classroom learning
and teaching, one of which highlights the need to recognise
Aboriginal English as a focal point of the curriculum for
both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal students. I take the
position that this recognition in schools depends to a
significant degree on universities training their
preservice teachers to recognise Aboriginal English as
necessary to Aboriginal student learning and therefore as a
legitimate dialect of the classroom, and this in turn
requires universities to recognise the importance of
Aboriginal English in their own curricula. Towards the end
of the paper, I draw on some literature to suggest ways in
which Aboriginal English could be incorporated into the
classroom.
Exploring Effective Teaching Strategies: Simulation Case Studies and Indigenous Studies at the University Level
Authors: Norman Heidi
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This paper explores teaching strategies for
communicating complex issues and ideas to a diverse group
of students, with different educational and vocational
interests, that encourage them to develop critical
thinking, and explores pedagogies appropriate to the
multidisciplinary field of Aboriginal studies. These issues
will be investigated through discussion of a successful
simulation case study, including the setting up,
resourcing, conducting and debriefing. The simulated case
study was an assessed component of the new elective
subject,
Reconciliation Studies, offered at the
University of Technology Sydney. In 2003 students
participated in a role-play based on events in relation to
the development of the Hindmarsh Island Bridge. Students
were assigned roles as stakeholders where they researched
and then role-played, through their assigned characters,
the multilayered and complex dimensions of this recent
dispute. Students were required to reflect critically on
the cultural, economic, legal and political issues that
were pertinent to their stakeholder and explore the
underlying racial, ethical and moral grounds for their
particular standpoint. I argue that teaching strategies
such as these can contribute to locating Indigenous
Australian perspectives and experiences as critical within
the professional profiles and practice skills of Australian
university graduates.
Understanding Social and Legal Justice Issues for Aboriginal Women within the Context of an Indigenous Australian Studies Classroom: a Problem-based Learning Approach
Authors: Mackinlay Elizabeth , Thatcher Kristy , Seldon Camille
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Problem-based learning (PBL) is a pedagogical approach
in which students encounter a problem and systematically
set about finding ways to understand the problem through
dialogue and research. PBL is an active process where
students take responsibility for their learning by asking
their own questions about the problem and in this paper we
explore the potential of PBL as a “location of possibility”
(hooks, 1994, p. 207) for an engaged, dialogic, reflective
and critical classroom. Our discussion centres on a course
called ABTS2010 Aboriginal Women, taught by the Aboriginal
and Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit at the University
of Queensland where PBL is used frequently, and a specific
PBL package entitled
Kina v Raimed at exploring social and
legal justice issues for Indigenous Australian women. From
both a historical and contemporary perspective, we consider
the types of understandings made possible about justice for
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women for students in
the course through the use of a PBL approach.
Strategies for Improving Indigenous Financial Literacy in Schools
Authors: Bin-Sallik Maryann , Adams Isabella , Vemuri Siva Ram
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Indigenous Australian population is not only
considerably younger than the non-Indigenous population but
is also on the rise. The challenge for many is to provide
the kind of education that equips young Indigenous
Australians with the necessary skills for managing their
money. This challenge is further compounded, as the adult
Indigenous population is not well versed in money
management. This paper examines some of the strategies that
are needed to improve Indigenous financial literacy in
schools.
Multi-Cultural Education Programs in the Kindergarten
Authors: Hall Beverley
Published: August 2016

A multi-cultural education program has been followed in the Augusta Park Kindergarten for the past six months, with such pleasing results that, if introduced in all kindergartens, it could reduce the misunderstandings arising out of ignorance in a multi-cultural environment. This program was based on similar courses in Scandinavia, Germany, the U.S.S.R., Canada and New Zealand, all combined and adapted to the situation in Port Augusta and the Australian situation generally. The basic idea was for the learning to be a two-way process between the Euro-Australian children and the two dominant cultural groups, the Aboriginal and Italian children.
Continuity of Educational Environments
Authors: Swaab R. Z.
Published: August 2016

These extracts are from a discussion paper by Mr. Swaab, under the same title, presented at the Council of Europe sponsored Workshop on Action Research Concerning Compensatory Education for Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Children with Particular Regard to Preschool and Primary Education in Strasbourg, France, 7-11 October 1974. The full text will be published in the Proceedings of the Workshop later this year.
Katherine Area School Lunch Program
Authors: O’Keefe L.
Published: August 2016

After reading Mr. C.F. Mounsey’s article in The Aboriginal Child at School, Volume 2, No.5, December 1974, we were struck by the similarities of the problems of the school he mentioned with those of the Katherine Area School, except that our pupils were, shall we say, less ‘resourceful’, but the absenteeism and resulting fall off in performance followed the same lines.
A Teaching Program From Mornington Island
Authors: Lawrie D. L.
Published: August 2016

The aim of the program is to integrate school life and community life as much as possible.
A Learning Excursion
Authors: Scott Lynette
Published: August 2016

On June 5th, Infant B, consisting of sixteen children, went on an excursion to Rocky Point.

Prior to departure we prepared a picnic lunch which involved counting how many sandwiches we would need, how many cups we had to take if each child was to have his/her own cup, and how much cordial we would have to prepare. We also counted out enough biscuits to give each child two and enough apples to give each child one.
Bilingual Education in South Australian Aboriginal Schools
Authors: Coker J.G.
Published: August 2016

Australia is a member nation of the International Labour Organisation. Article 23 of the I.L.O. Convention concerning the Protection Integration of Indigenous and Other Tribal and Semi-Tribal Populations in Independent Countries reads:

Children belonging to populations concerned shall be taught to read and write in their mother tongue, or, where this is not practicable, in the language most commonly used by the group to which they belong.

Provision shall be made for a progressive transition from the mother tongue or the vernacular language to the mother language or to one of the official languages of the country.

Appropriate measures shall, as far as possible, be taken to preserve the mother tongue or the vernacular language.
Not to Lose You, My Language
Authors: Lynch K.
Published: August 2016

This film describes bilingual education in three places in the Northern Territory: Milingimbi, Yayayi and Yuendumu.

It shows Aboriginal teachers in action, teaching reading, number and traditional dance and weaving, as well as English speakers teaching English.

At Milingimbi the bilingual program is advanced, and there is an enthusiastic team including United Church linguist, Miss Beulah Lowe. One of the highlights of the film shows Miss Lowe taping a story told to her by an old man, transcribing it, and bringing it to him as a published book.
Port Lincoln South Primary Resource Centre
Authors: Amery D.
Published: August 2016

The bringing of Aboriginal culture to European children as well as urbanised Aborigines has long been a fundamental concern. I guess that my four years in a tribal situation (Indulkana, S.A.) brought the situation even more realistically to me. I often wondered what the reaction of teachers was when it came to the time to “do Aborigines” in the Social Studies curriculum, or on National Aborigines’ Day. Even for the most sympathetic teacher, the lack of materials, books and references etc. must have made the task daunting. All too often, I suspect that the subject was mentioned, glossed over and forgotten as quickly as possible, and for that, from a resource point of view, one cannot blame the teacher.
Intracellular Elemental Patterns of Apoptosis Resistance in Transdifferentiated Androgen-Dependent Prostatic Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Salido Mercedes , Vilches Jose
Published: August 2016

The acquisition of neuroendocrine (NE) characteristics by prostate cancer (PC) cells relates to tumor progression and hormone resistance. PC cells may survive and function in androgen-deprived environments, where they could establish paracrine signaling networks, providing stimuli for the propagation of local carcinoma cells. We previously demonstrated, using electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA), in LNCaP, PC-3, and Du 145 cell lines that apoptosis is associated with intracellular elemental changes, and that the NE secretory products, bombesin and calcitonin, inhibit etoposide-induced apoptosis, as well as some of these elemental changes. In this study, LNCaP cells were inducedin vitroto transdifferentiate under androgen deprivation, to mimic the role of NE cells in the apoptotic activity of transdifferentiated androgen-dependent PC cells. Changes in intracellular ion content associated with apoptosis, assessed by EPXMA, demonstrate that the transdifferentiated LNCaP cells are resistant to etoposide-induced apoptosis and also to the etoposide-induced elemental changes. The aggressive malignant potential of PC with neuroendocrine differentiation, associated with hormonal independence, is partly because of the ability that most NE tumor cells have to escape apoptosis, which can enhance the malignant properties of tumor cells and may have therapeutic implications as tumor cells are usually resistant to cytotoxic drugs as etoposide.
TWISTING IN THE WIND: MONUMENTAL WEATHERVANES IN CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY
Authors: Lowe Dunstan
Published: August 2016

Monumental weathervanes have been overlooked as a tiny but important genre of ancient bronze sculpture. This is the first collective study of all three definite examples: the so-called ‘triton’ on the Tower of the Winds in Athens, a copy of this somewhere in Rome and the winged female ‘Anemodoulion’ on the Bronze Tetrapylon in Constantinople. I propose to identify the intended subjects of these sculptures as the weather-deities Aiolos and Iris, thereby restoring a part of each monument's original meaning that was unknown to the authors of our ancient written accounts. I also suggest that monumental weathervanes were first invented in Hellenistic Alexandria, which may explain why the Tower of the Winds shared the octagonal design of the Pharos, and why the Anemodoulion was mounted upon a bronze pyramidion.
The Achievement Pride Scales (APS)
Authors: Buechner Vanessa L. , Pekrun Reinhard , Lichtenfeld Stephanie
Published: August 2016

Abstract. A growing body of research focuses on the self-conscious achievement emotion pride. However, studies investigating the relations of different types of achievement pride with individual antecedents, such as frames of reference, achievement goals, and achievement values, are largely lacking. This work describes a theoretical model designed to extend and clarify the study of achievement pride and introduces the Achievement Pride Scales (APS), which assess two types of pride, namely self-based pride and social comparison-based pride. The results document the reliability and internal validity of the scales. External validity is demonstrated in terms of relations with students’ frames of reference, achievement goals, and values. More specifically, whereas self-based pride was positively related to individual frames of reference and individual achievement values, social comparison-based pride was positively related to social frames of reference, performance-approach goals, and social achievement values. Implications for future research on achievement pride are discussed.
Are Three Items Sufficient to Measure Sense of	Coherence?
Authors: Chiesi Francesca , Bonacchi Andrea , Primi Caterina , Toccafondi Alessandro , Miccinesi Guido
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The present study aimed at evaluating if the three-item sense of coherence (SOC) scale developed by Lundberg and Nystrom Peck (1995) can be effectively used for research purpose in both nonclinical and clinical samples. To provide evidence that it represents adequately the measured construct we tested its validity in a nonclinical (N = 658) and clinical sample (N = 764 patients with cancer). Results obtained in the nonclinical sample attested a positive relation of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – with Antonovsky’s 13-item and 29-item SOC scales (convergent validity), and with dispositional optimism, sense of mastery, anxiety, and depression symptoms (concurrent validity). Results obtained in the clinical sample confirmed the criterion validity of the scale attesting the positive role of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – on the person’s capacity to respond to illness and treatment. The current study provides evidence that the three-item SOC scale is a valid, low-loading, and time-saving instrument for research purposes on large sample.
Situational Judgment Tests as an Alternative Measure for Personality	Assessment
Authors: Mussel Patrick , Gatzka Thomas , Hewig Johannes
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Across many domains of applied psychology, personality traits are related to important outcomes such as well-being, psychological disorders, work performance, and academic achievement. However, self-reports, the most common approach to personality assessment, have certain limitations and disadvantages, such as being prone to faking. We investigated whether situational judgment tests, an established assessment technique to predict job performance, might serve as an alternative measure for the assessment of personality. Our results show that a situational judgment test specifically developed to assess narrow personality traits may possess high levels of construct validity. Additionally, our results indicate that the situational judgment was equivalent to a self-report personality measure with regard to predicting a number of theoretically related criteria. We conclude that situational judgment tests may serve as an alternative method for the assessment of personality and discuss potential theoretical and applied drawbacks.
The Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS) Scale
Authors: Bonino Silvia , Graziano Federica , Borghi Martina , Marengo Davide , Molinengo Giorgia , Calandri Emanuela
Published: August 2016

Abstract. This research developed a new scale to evaluate Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS). The aim of this study was to investigate dimensionality, item functioning, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the SEMS scale. Data were collected from 203 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (mean age, 39.5 years; 66% women; 95% having a relapsing remitting form of MS). Fifteen items of the SEMS scale were submitted to patients along with measures of psychological well-being, sense of coherence, depression, and coping strategies. Data underwent Rasch analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis indicates the SEMS as a multidimensional construct characterized by two correlated dimensions: goal setting and symptom management, with satisfactory reliability coefficients. Overall, the 15 items reported acceptable fit statistics; the scale demonstrated measurement invariance (with respect to gender and disease duration) and good concurrent validity (positive correlations with psychological well-being, sense of coherence, and coping strategies and negative correlations with depression). Preliminary evidence suggests that SEMS is a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate perceived self-efficacy of MS patients with moderate disability, and it would be a valuable instrument for both research and clinical applications.
Transcriptome landscape of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 for nitrogen starvation responses using RNA-seq
Authors: Choi Sun Young , Park Byeonghyeok , Choi In-Geol , Sim Sang Jun , Lee Sun-Mi , Um Youngsoon , Woo Han Min
Published: August 2016

The development of high-throughput technology using RNA-seq has allowed understanding of cellular mechanisms and regulations of bacterial transcription. In addition, transcriptome analysis with RNA-seq has been used to accelerate strain improvement through systems metabolic engineering. Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, a photosynthetic bacterium, has remarkable potential for biochemical and biofuel production due to photoautotrophic cell growth and direct CO2 conversion. Here, we performed a transcriptome analysis of S. elongatus PCC 7942 using RNA-seq to understand the changes of cellular metabolism and regulation for nitrogen starvation responses. As a result, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functionally categorized. With mapping onto metabolic pathways, we probed transcriptional perturbation and regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolisms relating to nitrogen starvation responses. Experimental evidence such as chlorophyll a and phycobilisome content and the measurement of CO2 uptake rate validated the transcriptome analysis. The analysis suggests that S. elongatus PCC 7942 reacts to nitrogen starvation by not only rearranging the cellular transport capacity involved in carbon and nitrogen assimilation pathways but also by reducing protein synthesis and photosynthesis activities.
One step engineering of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Kannan Krishna , Tsvetanova Billyana , Chuang Ray-Yuan , Noskov Vladimir N. , Assad-Garcia Nacyra , Ma Li , Hutchison III Clyde A. , Smith Hamilton O. , Glass John I. , Merryman Chuck , Venter J. Craig , Gibson Daniel G.
Published: August 2016

Bacteria are indispensable for the study of fundamental molecular biology processes due to their relatively simple gene and genome architecture. The ability to engineer bacterial chromosomes is quintessential for understanding gene functions. Here we demonstrate the engineering of the small-ribosomal subunit (16S) RNA of Mycoplasma mycoides, by combining the CRISPR/Cas9 system and the yeast recombination machinery. We cloned the entire genome of M. mycoides in yeast and used constitutively expressed Cas9 together with in vitro transcribed guide-RNAs to introduce engineered 16S rRNA genes. By testing the function of the engineered 16S rRNA genes through genome transplantation, we observed surprising resilience of this gene to addition of genetic elements or helix substitutions with phylogenetically-distant bacteria. While this system could be further used to study the function of the 16S rRNA, one could envision the “simple” M. mycoides genome being used in this setting to study other genetic structures and functions to answer fundamental questions of life.
Magnetic domain wall gratings for magnetization reversal tuning and confined dynamic mode localization
Authors: Trützschler Julia , Sentosun Kadir , Mozooni Babak , Mattheis Roland , McCord Jeffrey
Published: August 2016

High density magnetic domain wall gratings are imprinted in ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic thin films by local ion irradiation by which alternating head-to-tail-to-head-to-tail and head-to-head-to-tail-to-tail spatially overlapping domain wall networks are formed. Unique magnetic domain processes result from the interaction of anchored domain walls. Non-linear magnetization response is introduced by the laterally distributed magnetic anisotropy phases. The locally varying magnetic charge distribution gives rise to localized and guided magnetization spin-wave modes directly constrained by the narrow domain wall cores. The exchange coupled multiphase material structure leads to unprecedented static and locally modified dynamic magnetic material properties.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nasal potential difference in hypoxia-induced lung injury
Authors: Su Zhenlei , Zhu Lili , Wu Jing , Zhao Runzhen , Ji Hong-Long
Published: August 2016

Nasal potential difference (NPD), a well-established in vivo clinical test for cystic fibrosis, reflects transepithelial cation and anion transport in the respiratory epithelium. To analyze whether NPD can be applied to diagnose hypoxic lung injury, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, and analyzed data retrieved from eleven unbiased studies for high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) using the software RevMan and R. There was a significant reduction in overall basal (WMD −5.27 mV, 95% CI: −6.03 to −4.52, P < 0.00001, I2 = 42%), amiloride-sensitive (ENaC) (−2.87 mV, 95% CI: −4.02 to −1.72, P < 0.00001, I2 = 51%), and -resistant fractions (−3.91 mV, 95% CI: −7.64 to −0.18, P = 0.04, I2 = 95%) in lung injury patients. Further analysis of HAPE and RDS separately corroborated these observations. Moreover, SpO2 correlated with ENaC-associated NPD positively in patients only, but apparently related to CFTR-contributed NPD level inversely. These correlations were confirmed by the opposite associations between NPD values and altitude, which had a negative regression with SpO2 level. Basal NPD was significantly associated with amiloride-resistant but not ENaC fraction. Our analyses demonstrate that acute lung injury associated with systemic hypoxia is characterized by dysfunctional NPD.
Expression of a Grapevine NAC Transcription Factor Gene Is Induced in Response to Powdery Mildew Colonization in Salicylic Acid-Independent Manner
Authors: Toth Zsofia , Winterhagen Patrick , Kalapos Balazs , Su Yingcai , Kovacs Laszlo , Kiss Erzsebet
Published: August 2016

Tissue colonization by grape powdery mildew (PM) pathogen Erysiphe necator (Schw.) Burr triggers a major remodeling of the transcriptome in the susceptible grapevine Vitis vinifera L. While changes in the expression of many genes bear the signature of salicylic acid (SA) mediated regulation, the breadth of PM-induced changes suggests the involvement of additional regulatory networks. To explore PM-associated gene regulation mediated by other SA-independent systems, we designed a microarray experiment to distinguish between transcriptome changes induced by E. necator colonization and those triggered by elevated SA levels. We found that the majority of genes responded to both SA and PM, but certain genes were responsive to PM infection alone. Among them, we identified genes of stilbene synthases, PR-10 proteins and several transcription factors. The microarray results demonstrated that the regulation of these genes is either independent of SA, or dependent, but SA alone is insufficient to bring about their regulation. We inserted the promoter-reporter fusion of a PM-responsive transcription factor gene into a wild-type and two SA-signaling deficient Arabidopsis lines and challenged the resulting transgenic plants with an Arabidopsis-adapted PM pathogen. Our results provide experimental evidence that this grape gene promoter is activated by the pathogen in a SA-independent manner.
Generalized recovery algorithm for 3D super-resolution microscopy using rotating point spread functions
Authors: Shuang Bo , Wang Wenxiao , Shen Hao , Tauzin Lawrence J. , Flatebo Charlotte , Chen Jianbo , Moringo Nicholas A. , Bishop Logan D. C. , Kelly Kevin F. , Landes Christy F.
Published: August 2016

Super-resolution microscopy with phase masks is a promising technique for 3D imaging and tracking. Due to the complexity of the resultant point spread functions, generalized recovery algorithms are still missing. We introduce a 3D super-resolution recovery algorithm that works for a variety of phase masks generating 3D point spread functions. A fast deconvolution process generates initial guesses, which are further refined by least squares fitting. Overfitting is suppressed using a machine learning determined threshold. Preliminary results on experimental data show that our algorithm can be used to super-localize 3D adsorption events within a porous polymer film and is useful for evaluating potential phase masks. Finally, we demonstrate that parallel computation on graphics processing units can reduce the processing time required for 3D recovery. Simulations reveal that, through desktop parallelization, the ultimate limit of real-time processing is possible. Our program is the first open source recovery program for generalized 3D recovery using rotating point spread functions.
Effects of Newtonian gravitational self-interaction in harmonically trapped quantum systems
Authors: Großardt André , Bateman James , Ulbricht Hendrik , Bassi Angelo
Published: August 2016

The Schrödinger–Newton equation has gained attention in the recent past as a nonlinear modification of the Schrödinger equation due to a gravitational self-interaction. Such a modification is expected from a fundamentally semi-classical theory of gravity and can, therefore, be considered a test case for the necessity of the quantisation of the gravitational field. Here we provide a thorough study of the effects of the Schrödinger–Newton equation for a micron-sized sphere trapped in a harmonic oscillator potential. We discuss both the effect on the energy eigenstates and the dynamical behaviour of squeezed states, covering the experimentally relevant parameter regimes.
CIB1 and CIB2 are HIV-1 helper factors involved in viral entry
Authors: Godinho-Santos Ana , Hance Allan J. , Gonçalves João , Mammano Fabrizio
Published: August 2016

HIV-1 relies on the host-cell machinery to accomplish its replication cycle, and characterization of these helper factors contributes to a better understanding of HIV-host interactions and can identify potential novel antiviral targets. Here we explored the contribution of CIB2, previously identified by RNAi screening as a potential helper factor, and its homolog, CIB1. Knockdown of either CIB1 or CIB2 strongly impaired viral replication in Jurkat cells and in primary CD4+ T-lymphocytes, identifying these proteins as non-redundant helper factors. Knockdown of CIB1 and CIB2 impaired envelope-mediated viral entry for both for X4- and R5-tropic HIV-1, and both cell-free and cell-associated entry pathways were affected. In contrast, the level of CIB1 and CIB2 expression did not influence cell viability, cell proliferation, receptor-independent viral binding to the cell surface, or later steps in the viral replication cycle. CIB1 and CIB2 knockdown was found to reduce the expression of surface molecules implicated in HIV-1 infection, including CXCR4, CCR5 and integrin α4β7, suggesting at least one mechanism through which these proteins promote viral infection. Thus, this study identifies CIB1 and CIB2 as host helper factors for HIV-1 replication that are required for optimal receptor-mediated viral entry.
Aroma characterization based on aromatic series analysis in table grapes
Authors: Wu Yusen , Duan Shuyan , Zhao Liping , Gao Zhen , Luo Meng , Song Shiren , Xu Wenping , Zhang Caixi , Ma Chao , Wang Shiping
Published: August 2016

Aroma is an important part of quality in table grape, but the key aroma compounds and the aroma series of table grapes remains unknown. In this paper, we identified 67 aroma compounds in 20 table grape cultivars; 20 in pulp and 23 in skin were active compounds. C6 compounds were the basic background volatiles, but the aroma contents of pulp juice and skin depended mainly on the levels of esters and terpenes, respectively. Most obviously, ‘Kyoho’ grapevine series showed high contents of esters in pulp, while Muscat/floral cultivars showed abundant monoterpenes in skin. For the aroma series, table grapes were characterized mainly by herbaceous, floral, balsamic, sweet and fruity series. The simple and visualizable aroma profiles were established using aroma fingerprints based on the aromatic series. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the aroma profiles of pulp juice, skin and whole berries could be classified into 5, 3, and 5 groups, respectively. Combined with sensory evaluation, we could conclude that fatty and balsamic series were the preferred aromatic series, and the contents of their contributors (β-ionone and octanal) may be useful as indicators for the improvement of breeding and cultivation measures for table grapes.
Towards Optimum Solution-processed Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Hanusch Fabian , Petrus Michiel , Docampo Pablo
Published: August 2016

Recently, organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites have been proven to be excellent photovoltaic materials, exhibiting outstanding light absorption, high carrier mobility and facile solution processability. Besides the low-cost manufacturing of perovskite thin-films, the power conversion efficiencies demonstrated for this class of materials are already at the same level as those of poly-crystalline silicon. The pursuit of efficiency in the field of metal halide perovskite solar cells has been achieved mainly through the improvement to perovskite deposition processing and optimization of the contact materials. In this chapter, we review the commonly employed perovskite deposition techniques, with special emphasis on the morphological quality of the prepared perovskite films. Films which exhibit the largest grains and highest orientation also achieve the highest performance, as long as full surface coverage is ensured. Here, it is also important to tune the energy levels of the electron and hole acceptors, and several strategies have led to champion devices with open circuit voltages between 1.1 and 1.15 V for state-of-the-art systems. However, most of the organic materials used currently are synthesized using expensive cross-coupling reactions that require stringent reaction conditions and extensive product purification, so that they cannot be produced at a low-cost at present. For perovskite solar cells to be able to enter the photovoltaic market, their cost and stability need to be competitive with current established technologies. The development of new chemistries resulting in simple compound purification, such as those based on azomethine bonds, will be an essential part of future molecular design for perovskite solar cells.
Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Lead Halide Perovskites
Authors: Yin Wan-Jian , Shi Tingting , Yan Yanfa
Published: August 2016

Organic–inorganic methylammonium lead halide perovskites have recently emerged as superior solar photovoltaic absorbers. In this chapter, we present our recent theoretical studies on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of metal-halide perovskites, including crystal structures, electronic structures, and the optical absorption coefficient of bulk, point defect, and grain boundaries. The passivation effect of Cl on grain boundaries is proposed. The relation of our theoretical results with the existing experiments as well as current challenges are discussed.
3D Simulations of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Bartesaghi Davide , van der Kaap Niels , Koster L. Jan Anton
Published: August 2016

Drift-diffusion (DD) and Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations are commonly used methods for understanding the physics of organic photovoltaic devices. While DD methods have been successfully employed to model and explain device characteristics, KMC simulations open up the possibility to investigate the fundamental processes involved in the operation of solar cells. In this chapter, we give a description of two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) DD and KMC simulations. Going beyond one-dimensional simulation techniques allows for a better description of device operation and for a deeper understanding of more fundamental processes. After briefly introducing the basic processes involved in the operation of organic photovoltaic devices, we present an overview of DD and KMC techniques, including some of the technical challenges in the implementation of 2D and 3D simulations. Finally, we compare some results of DD and KMC simulations; in doing so, we particularly focus on the use of 2D and 3D simulations to clarify the impact of the active layer morphology on device efficiency.
In silico insights into the solvation characteristics of the ionic liquid 1-methyltriethoxy-3-ethylimidazolium acetate for cellulosic biomass
Authors: Schutt Timothy C. , Bharadwaj Vivek S. , Hegde Govind A. , Johns Adam J. , Mark Maupin C.
Published: August 2016

Oligo(ethoxy) functionalized ILs could increase mass transport properties, retain favorable solvation characteristics for lignocellulose, and potentially decrease enzymatic deactivation.
Tautomerization lowers the activation barriers for N-glycosidic bond cleavage of protonated uridine and 2′-deoxyuridine
Authors: Wu R. R. , Rodgers M. T.
Published: August 2016

Tautomerization of [Urd+H]+ and [dUrd+H]+ greatly facilitates N-glycosidic bond cleavage.
Ligand coordination modulates reductive elimination from aluminium(iii)
Authors: Urwin Stephanie J. , Rogers David M. , Nichol Gary S. , Cowley Michael J.
Published: August 2016

Oxidative addition to low-valent main-group centres is a major class of reactivity for these species. Here, we present a mechanistic study of the much rarer reverse process – reductive elimination – in Al(iii) systems, and unravel ligand effects in this process.
Iron complexes of a bidentate picolyl-NHC ligand: synthesis, structure and reactivity
Authors: Liang Qiuming , Janes Trevor , Gjergji Xhoana , Song Datong
Published: August 2016

Reversible deprotonation–reprotonation of a bidentate picolyl-NHC ligand on Fe(ii).
The living dead – common misconceptions about reversible deactivation radical polymerization
Authors: Stenzel Martina H. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: August 2016

We illustrate common misconceptions and errors when interpreting polymerization data from ‘Living/controlled’ radical polymerization, preferably termed ‘reversible deactivation radical polymerization’ (RDRP). Avoiding the discussed errors leads to better defined materials for soft matter materials applications.
Copper-catalyzed enantioselective C–H functionalization of indoles with an axially chiral bipyridine ligand
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wu Bo , Yan Zhong , Zhou Yong-Gui
Published: August 2016

A copper-catalyzed enantioselective functionalization of indoles was developed with an axially chiral bipyridine ligand C4-ACBP with up to 95% ee.
Synthesis and characterization of responsive poly(anionic liquid) microgels
Authors: Chen Shoumin , Peng Yahui , Wu Qingshi , Chang Aiping , Qu Anqi , Shen Jing , Xie Jianda , Farooqi Zahoor H. , Wu Weitai
Published: August 2016

Responsive poly(anionic liquid) microgels are synthesized by polymerization of tetrabutylphosphonium 4-styrenesulfonate, which can be further functionalized to harness catalytic properties.
Self assembly of a γ-amino butyric acid based derivative into tunable nano/micro structures
Authors: Brar Surinder K. , Singh Prabhjot , Bajaj Manish , Deep Akash , Wangoo Nishima , Sharma Rohit K.
Published: August 2016

The self assembly and structural modification of a γ-amino butyric acid based derivative in different solvents were studied and the structural variations were characterized using FE-SEM, confocal microscopy and computational methods.
3D bicontinuous SnO2/TiO2 core/shell structures for highly efficient organic dye-sensitized solar cell electrodes
Authors: Cho Chang-Yeol , Baek Sujin , Kim Kiwon , Moon Jun Hyuk
Published: August 2016

SnO2/TiO2 core/shell hybrid structures with a 3D bicontinuous morphology were demonstrated as an electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells.
A Ni/apatite-type lanthanum silicate supported catalyst in glycerol steam reforming reaction
Authors: Goula M. A. , Charisiou N. D. , Pandis P. K. , Stathopoulos V. N.
Published: August 2016

In the glycerol steam reforming reaction a 5 wt% Ni/La9.83Si4.5Fe1.5O26±δ catalyst was found to be active and up to 3.2 times more selective to H2 than a 5 wt% Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, especially at low temperatures (<500 °C).
Surface response methodology–central composite design screening for the fabrication of a Gx-psy-g-polyacrylicacid adsorbent and sequestration of auramine-O dye from a textile effluent
Authors: Sukriti Sukriti , Sharma Jitender , Pruthi Vaishali , Anand Prerna , Singh Chaddha Amrit Pal , Bhatia Jaspreet , Kaith Balbir Singh
Published: August 2016

The present work reported the gum xanthan–psyllium based semi-IPN which was used for the efficient capture of auramine-O dye from aqueous fluid.
Surface stabilization determines a classical versus non-classical nucleation pathway during particle formation
Authors: Dreyer A. , Eckstädt K. , Koop T. , Jutzi P. , Hütten A.
Published: August 2016

In the bottom-up synthesis of nanoparticles, the degree of surface stabilization by the surfactant decides a classical or non-classical formation pathway.
Water-dispersible and magnetically recoverable Fe3O4/Pd@nitrogen-doped carbon composite catalysts for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Liu Si , Guo Mei-Xia , Shao Fu , Peng Yi-Hang , Bian Shao-Wei
Published: August 2016

Water-dispersible and magnetically recoverable Fe3O4/Pd@nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts were prepared. The catalysts have good catalytic activity and can be magnetically separated from the reaction solution.
Efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production over eosin Y-sensitized MoS2
Authors: Yin Mingcai , Wu Chaojun , Jia Fangfang , Wang Lijiao , Zheng Pengfei , Fan Yaoting
Published: August 2016

An uncapped and agglomerated MoS2 catalyst was solvothermally synthesized and exhibited excellent hydrogen production activity under sensitization of eosin Y.
The synthesis and comparison of poly(methacrylic acid)–poly(ε-caprolactone) block copolymers with and without symmetrical disulfide linkages in the center for enhanced cellular uptake
Authors: Liu Yu-Sheng , Huang Shih-Jer , Huang Xiao-Shan , Wu Yi-Ting , Chen Hsuan-Ying , Lo Yu-Lun , Wang Li-Fang
Published: August 2016

A self-assembled poly(methacrylic acid)–poly(ε-caprolactone) block copolymer with a disulfide linkage, PMAA-b-PCL-SS-PCL-b-PMAA, was synthesized for enhanced cellular uptake due to a reduction response to GSH and pH-sensitive characteristics.
Porphyrin and pyrene-based conjugated microporous polymer for efficient sequestration of CO2 and iodine and photosensitization for singlet oxygen generation
Authors: Park Kyoung Chul , Cho Jinhee , Lee Chang Yeon
Published: August 2016

A novel porphyrin and pyrene-based conjugated microporous polymer (Por-Py-CMP) was synthesized. It exhibited a high BET surface area (1014 m2 g−1) and excellent capacity for capturing CO2 and I2. It also showed high efficiency for 1O2 generation.
Benzo[c]carbazole derivatives produced by an effective Diels–Alder reaction: synthesis and structure–activity-relationship for surface coating
Authors: Feng Xue-Qing , Zhang Fei , He Xiao-Peng , Chen Guo-Rong , Wu Xin-Yan , Sha Feng
Published: August 2016

We demonstrate the use of an effective Diels–Alder reaction to produce a library of heterocyclic, polyaromatic benzo[c]carbazole derivatives with good corrosion inhibitive potency for copper against HCl.
Palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of aryl halides: an efficient, heterogeneous and phosphine-free catalytic system for aminocarbonylation and alkoxycarbonylation employing Mo(CO)6 as a solid carbon monoxide source
Authors: Hajipour Abdol-Reza , Tavangar-Rizi Zeinab , Iranpoor Nasser
Published: August 2016

Preparation and characterization of palladium nanoparticles immobilized on magnetic methionine-functionalized chitosan as a highly efficient, air stable, and readily reusable heterogeneous catalyst in carbonylation reactions.
Electro-precipitation via oxygen reduction: a new technique for thin film manganese oxide deposition
Authors: Vanhoutte Gijs , Wu Minxian , Schaltin Stijn , Mattelaer Felix , Detavernier Christophe , Vereecken Philippe M. , Binnemans Koen , Fransaer Jan
Published: August 2016

Manganese oxide was electrodeposited from a non-aqueous solution, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),viathe reduction of dissolved oxygen.