bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of anteroposterior curvatures of the spine in soccer and futsal players
Authors: Chromik Krystyna , Burdukiewicz Anna , Pietraszewska Jadwiga , Stachoń Aleksandra , Wolański Paweł , Goliński Dawid
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The aim of the study was to determine differences in anteroposterior spine curvatures between futsal players, soccer players, and non-training students. The results may contribute to the development of present-day knowledge of posturometry, and its implementation in training can help reduce the risk of body posture disorders in athletes.

Methods

The examined group consisted of 48 athletes and 38 non-training college students. Body posture parameters were measured with the use of Posturometr-S. The normality of distribution was checked with the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the differences between the groups were measured with ANOVA and the Bonferroni post-hoc test. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The analysis of angle values revealed the widest and most similar measurements in the group of futsal players and soccer players. The analysis of variance proved statistically significant differences between the soccer players and futsal players (p = 0.003). The difference between the soccer players and non-training students was statistically significant. The highest angular value was measured in non-training students, followed by futsal players and soccer players. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the non-training students and futsal players, as well as non-training students and soccer players (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

A complex assessment of athletes’ body posture is crucial in injury prevention. Training overloads may often lead to disorders of the organ of locomotion and affect the correct body posture in athletes. This, in turn, may result in pains and injuries.
Procedural Terrain Generation and Path Searching in Education
Authors: Grossmannová Pavla , Švábek Daniel
Published: February 2018

This paper is primarily devoted to development of an educational desktop application, that describes terrain generating and pathfinding to students. The application is meant for lessons of Artificial Intelligence, that is one of compulsory optional subjects on Department of Informatics and Computers, University of Ostrava. Selected implemented algorithms enable to generate a terrain with adjustable parameters in three different implementations and it also enables pathfinding in three different ways. Used methods are compared according to different criteria for better understanding. Algorithms used in the application for terrain generating are fault method, hill algorithm and value noise. For pathfinding, there were used Dijkstra algorithm, A* and breadth-first search. The application enables camera movement around the terrain and graphical projection of costs of edges for pathfinding.
Adsorption of water vapour and the specific surface area of arctic zone soils (Spitsbergen)
Authors: Cieśla Jolanta , Sokołowska Zofia , Witkowska-Walczak Barbara , Skic Kamil
Published: February 2018

Water vapour/nitrogen adsorption were investigated and calculated the specific surface areas of arctic-zone soil samples (Turbic Cryosols) originating from different micro-relief forms (mud boils, cell forms and sorted circles) and from different depths. For the characterisation of the isotherms obtained for arctic soils, the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller model was then compared with the two other models (Aranovich-Donohue and Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer) which were developed from Brunauer-Emmet-Teller. Specific surface area was calculated using the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller model at p p0−1range of 0.05-0.35 for the water vapour desorption and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The values of total specific surface area were the highest in Cryosols on mud boils, lower on cell forms, and the lowest on sorted circles. Such tendency was observed for the results obtained by both the water vapour and nitrogen adsorption. The differences in the values of specific surface area at two investigated layers were small. High determination coefficients were obtained for relationships between the specific surface areas and contents of clay and silt fraction in Cryosols. No statistically significant correlation between the total carbon amount and the values of specific surface area in Cryosols has been found.
Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from fields fertilized with digestate from an agricultural biogas plant
Authors: Czubaszek Robert , Wysocka-Czubaszek Agnieszka
Published: February 2018

Digestate from biogas plants can play important role in agriculture by providing nutrients, improving soil structure and reducing the use of mineral fertilizers. Still, less is known about greenhouse gas emissions from soil during and after digestate application. The aim of the study was to estimate the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from a field which was fertilized with digestate. The gas fluxes were measured with the eddy covariance system. Each day, the eddy covariance system was installed in various places of the field, depending on the dominant wind direction, so that each time the results were obtained from an area where the digestate was distributed. The results showed the relatively low impact of the studied gases emissions on total greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Maximum values of the CO2and CH4fluxes, 79.62 and 3.049 µmol s−1m−2, respectively, were observed during digestate spreading on the surface of the field. On the same day, the digestate was mixed with the topsoil layer using a disc harrow. This resulted in increased CO2emissions the following day. Intense mineralization of digestate, observed after fertilization may not give the expected effects in terms of protection and enrichment of soil organic matter.
Misspecified Discrete Choice Models and Huber-White Standard Errors
Authors: Guggisberg Michael
Published: February 2018

I analyze properties of misspecified discrete choice models and the efficacy of Huber-White (sometimes called ‘robust’) standard errors. The Huber-White correction provides asymptotically correct standard errors for a consistent estimator from a misspecified model. There is little justification for using Huber-White standard errors in discrete choice models since misspecification usually leads to inconsistent estimators. I derive necessary and sufficient conditions for consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator of any potentially misspecified random utility model (e.g. conditional logit). I also derive (easily satisfied) sufficient conditions for consistent estimation of the sign of the data generating parameter. It follows the researcher can consistently test the sign (or nullity) of the parameter from the data generating process using the (possibly) misspecified conditional logit. I investigate small sample properties of the Huber-White estimator via a simulation study and find the correction provides little to no improvement for inferences.
Software Effort Estimation Using Modified Fuzzy C Means Clustering and Hybrid ABC-MCS Optimization in Neural Network
Authors: Azath Hussain , Mohanapriya Marimuthu , Rajalakshmi Somasundaram
Published: February 2018

In a software development process, effective cost estimation is the most challenging activity. Software effort estimation is a crucial part of cost estimation. Management cautiously considers the efforts and benefits of software before committing the required resources to that project or order for a contract. Unfortunately, it is difficult to measure such preliminary estimation, as it has only little information about the project at an early stage. In this paper, a new approach is proposed; this is based on reasoning by the soft computing approach to calculate the effort estimation of the software. In this approach, rules are generated based on the input dataset. These rules are then clustered for better estimation. In our proposed method, we use modified fuzzy C means for clustering the dataset. Once the clustering is done, various rules are obtained and these rules are given as the input to the neural network. Here, we modify the neural network by incorporating optimization algorithms. The optimization algorithms employed here are the artificial bee colony (ABC), modified cuckoo search (MCS), and hybrid ABC-MCS algorithms. Hence, we obtain three optimized sets of rules that are used for the effort estimation process. The performance of our proposed method is investigated using parameters such as the mean absolute relative error and mean magnitude of relative error.
First report of twig blight of ban tulsi (Croton bonplandianus Bail.) caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt. in India
Authors: Das Siddhartha , Dutta Subrata , Ray Sujit Kumar
Published: February 2018

In August 2015, twig blight disease of ban tulsi (Croton bonplandianus Bail.) caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt. was observed for the first time, in the Gangetic alluvial region of West Bengal, India. A severe disease incidence (40-50%) showed twig blight symptoms starting with shoot apical meristem (SAM), leaf, and blossom blight symptoms. Typical symptoms were characterized by over-projecting black pin head like emerging sporangiola which formed mycelial cushion on the infected surface. The present report describes the identification of the causal pathogen as C. cucurbitarum based on its morphology and the internal transcribed spacer of its ribosomal DNA (rDNA - ITS) sequences with 100% identity of NCBI-GenBank published Choanephora database. Optimum temperatures, 28-30°C, coupled with high relative humidity (80-90%) during the monsoon season enhances the disease’s progress. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of twig blight of C. bonplandianus, caused by C. cucurbitarum, in India as well as globally.
Fourier-transform spatial modulation spectroscopy of single gold nanorods
Authors: Kollmann Heiko , Esmann Martin , Witt Julia , Markovic Aleksandra , Smirnov Vladimir , Wittstock Gunther , Silies Martin , Lienau Christoph
Published: February 2018

Sensing the scattered fields of single metallic nanostructures is a crucial step towards the applications of isolated plasmonic antennas, such as for the sensing of single molecules or nanoparticles. In the past, both near- and far-field spectroscopy methods have been applied to monitor single plasmonic resonances. So far, however, these spectral-domain techniques do not yet provide the femtosecond time resolution that is needed to probe the dynamics of plasmonic fields in the time domain. Here, we introduce a time-domain technique that combines broadband Fourier-transform spectroscopy and spatial modulation spectroscopy (FT-SMS) to quantitatively measure the extinction spectra of the isolated gold nanorods with a nominal footprint of 41×10 nm2. Using a phase-stable pulse pair for excitation, the technique is capable of rejecting off-resonant stray fields and providing absolute measurements of the extinction cross section. Our results indicate that the method is well suited for measuring the optical response of strongly coupled hybrid systems with high signal-to-noise ratio. It may form the basis for new approaches towards time-domain spectroscopy of single nanoantennas with few-cycle time resolution.
The beginnings of the choropleth presentation
Authors: Korycka-Skorupa Jolanta , Pasławski Jacek
Published: February 2018

The discovery in the cartographic collections of the Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies at the University of Warsaw of an original map by Charles Dupin – the first choropleth map – provided an opportunity to conduct a closer methodological analysis of the map and to investigate the subsequent development of this presentation method during the first half of 19th century. From relatively early on, the accepted principle was for choropleth map presentations to use statistical data still imprecisely referred to as relative, as well as using a distribution series as a method of generalizing data.
Remarks on the Final-over-Final Condition: A View from Chinese Head-Final Structures
Authors: Liao Wei-wen Roger
Published: February 2018

The paper discusses the universality of the final-over-final condition (FOFC). It has been proposed that sentence-final particles (SFPs) in Chinese may invalidate the universality of FOFC. This paper argues that the challenge from SFPs is inconclusive since the evidence for the head status of SFPs is lacking. On the other hand, the leftward complement of N0in Chinese (Huang 2016) poses a greater threat to FOFC. However, it is argued that the violation is caused by a language-particular word order constraint due to Case directionality (Li 1990). Relating the syntactic FOFC violation to the word order constraint in compounds, it is proposed that FOFC may be understood as an instance of the shape conservation principle (Williams 2003), where the language-particular constraint is satisfied at the expense of a minimal violation of the universal condition.
Chinese Motion-Directional Construction: A Conceptual and Cognitive Analysis
Authors: Fong Ronald
Published: February 2018

This article proposes an analysis of the Motion-Directional Construction in Chinese in the Conceptual-Cognitive approach as outlined by Jackendoff and Langacker. This article first argues that the Motion-Directional Construction consists of conceptual subordination, expressing different mental spaces. Then, it examines the syntactic and semantic behaviors of the construction arguing that it is more like a constructional idiom. In particular, we discuss the case ofpa‘climb’ and generalize further that the motion verbs in Chinese typically express manners of movement. Within the Conceptual Semantics, we argue that a level of grammatical relation may not be necessary; it is the argument and conceptual structures that we need in the cognitive structure. Finally, we present the data and suggest the typological relevance of the Motion-Directional Construction.
Identifying the Dimensional Characteristics of the Cone Surfaces for the Transmission Synchronization Members
Authors: Pobijak Jozef , Czan Andrej , Czánová Tatiana , Daniš Igor , Holubják Jozef , Martinček Juraj , Pustay Jozef
Published: February 2018

The article is about auxiliary equipment into service, specifically, it is control device which is to be designed to check the components for synchronization speed between gears in cars. In the introduction of article is described substance and necessary these equipment into in enterprises, their technical and economic importance. The core of the article readers will know firstly with a component for which is a device design. The most important on a component will be a measured parameters. Next in the core of the article, is described and illustrated design of the device with a brief functional description and control procedure. Of course that in the article is drafted verification of device capability with using the statistical method, where is the functionality of the device is expressed using indexes Cgm a Cgmk . Benefits, asset and evaluation of work for the application area are listed at the end of this article.
Performance Perspectives for Small and Medium Enterprises in Cameroon: Innovation and ICTs
Authors: Tsambou André Dumas , Fomba Kamga Benjamin
Published: February 2018

This paper studies the combined effects of innovation and information and communication technologies (ICT) on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). To do this, it uses data from the «General survey of Companies in Cameroon», conducted on 93,969 companies by the National Institute of Statistics (NIS). Of the 93,969 companies surveyed, only 8035 enterprises were questioned according to the synthesis report published in 2010 by the NIS. From this sample, this study extracts innovative SMEs and applies a multiple regression model to assess the direct effects of innovative activities and the use of ICT on SME performance. The econometric analysis shows that: ICT helps to increase SME performance by supporting innovation through the acquisition of new software and hardware equipment. Thus, innovation accompanied by the firm’s use of ICT has a significant effect on performance since Software and Machinery Acquisition related to technological innovations contribute to the firm’s productivity. However, the degree to which the use of ICTs is rooted in the company can accelerate the innovation process and, in the same way, improve firm performance in terms of cost reduction and rationalisation of processes.
Fiscal Stability in Political Discourse: The Romanian Case
Authors: Simandan Radu
Published: February 2018

This article investigates the political resistance to fiscal stability institutions in Romanian context, as revealed in political discourse. To ascertain the a priori political predisposition against the fiscal stability framework, the theoretical findings of the public choice school of economics are utilized. Insights from the political discourse analysis body of literature are employed to the study of discourse against established fiscal stability institutions. Since the consensus arising from this literature is that politics is both acting and talking, the unit of analysis in our examination is the statement that can be classified as political discourse. After briefly analyzing the broader institutional context that provides the background for political discourse, the main storylines against fiscal stability recently emerged are reviewed. Seeking to determine the traits of the dominant political discourse against fiscal stability displayed by Romanian politicians in recent years, a quantitative assessment of the usage of these storylines is given. We find that publicly expressed disagreement with established fiscal stability institutions from the part of politicians and high-ranking bureaucrats has drastically increased over the analyzed period. The research has also revealed that the most employed storyline has been the one that belittles the significance of fiscal stability if the state uses the fiscal revenues for investing in transport infrastructure.
Environmentally Conscious Lifestyle Analysis Among High School and University Students in a Hungarian Rural Town of the Heves County
Authors: Szeberényi András
Published: February 2018

The new generation of young people has different level of knowledge about environmental awareness and environmentally friendly behaviour. The online space can be one of the most valuable keys among others which can help to spread this kind of behaviour even more (Begley, 2008). In this study, secondary school students’ awareness of environmental issues and the level of their active participation in these activities have been identified in the online space answering the question how the social media can help in the environmental awareness by the help of smartphone applications. The study was carried out in Gyöngyös city by conducting a survey on students in high school and university. The name of the high school is the Berze Nagy János Gimnázium where the total amount of 493 students were asked but only 465 questionnaires were evaluated because 28 students were not present or they filled it out in a wrong way. In the Eszterházy Károly University the total amount of 147 students were asked. The results of the study showed a high level of environmental awareness among participating students. Students also gain experiences in the field of environment from mass media and social media (Kovács, 2010).
Peculiarities of Dog Babesiosis Distribution in Kyiv City
Authors: Semenko O. V. , Galat M. V. , Shcherbak O. V. , Galat V. F. , Shulga I. V.
Published: February 2018

The article presents the information on the distribution of babesiosis among domestic dogs of Kyiv City investigated in 2014–first half of 2017. Among 2030 examined dogs, Babesia canis was found in 416 animals. The prevalence of infection was 20.5 %. Dependence of the number of cases of babesiosis on the temperature of the environment was indicated. The highest level of dogs’ infection was observed in spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October). Ixodid tick Dermаcentor reticulatus was found to be the most common vector of dog babesiosis in Kyiv.
Yolk Type Asymmetric Ag–Cu2O Hybrid Nanoparticles on Graphene Substrate as Efficient Electrode Material for Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Chauhan Himani , Satpati Biswarup , Deka Sasanka
Published: February 2018

Yolk type asymmetric Ag–Cu2O hybrid nanostructures are in situ synthesized on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets for the first time under one pot hydrothermal mild reaction condition. The co-reduction method provides a facile and straight forward approach to metal/metal oxide hybrid NPs growth on graphene nanosheets and the nano heterostructures are found to be homogeneously distributed over graphene sheets with unique yolk type morphology forming Ag–Cu2O/RGO nanocomposite (NC). The supercapacitor performances of the NCs are evaluated in aqueous 6.0 M KOH by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) in two electrode cell assembly using Ag-Cu2O/RGO as electrode material. The ternary NCs exhibit excellent hybrid capacitance behavior having ~812 Fg−1 specific capacitance value with high energy density 27.2 Wh kg−1 and power density 285 W kg−1, respectively, at current density of 0.5 Ag−1 that suits for potential applications in hybrid capacitor. The high capacitance property of ternary NCs without use of binder can be attributed to excellent electronic/ionic conductivity due to presence of highly conductive graphene sheets in addition of noble Ag metal and unique yolk type morphology which causes faster electronic conduction among different components of the electrode material.
Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Alumina, Nano Composite of Carbon–Alumina and Their Comparative Studies
Authors: Krishnan Saravanan Vanal , Palanivelu Sivakumar , Ambalam Muthu Manickam Muthukaruppan , Venkatesan Ragavendran , Arivalagan Muthukumar , Pearce Joshua M. , Mayandi Jeyanthinath
Published: February 2018

Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nano particles were synthesized by using both the sol gel technique and solid state reaction (SSR) method. Different proportion of nano carbon cones from 0.5% to 3.5% is doped with aluminium nitrate nano hydrate and annealed subsequently at 1000°C for 3 h to synthesize the nano composite of carbon–alumina. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction to identify the presence of different phases and transitions during this process. The average crystallite size of the nano alumina is found to be 45 nm by sol gel and 43 nm by SSR method respectively by Debye–Scherrer method. Average crystallite size and lattice strain of nano alumina are also estimated from Williamson Hall (WH) plot analysis. It is found to be 69 nm with the strain of 3.3×10−3 in sol gel, and in SSR method, it is 72 nm with the strain is 3.9×10−3. The interplanar distance of various planes of alumina are estimated and compared with JCPDS values. Similar analysis has also been extended for the nano composite of carbon–alumina. The surface morphology of the samples are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and rough estimate of the crystallites is also given. From the Raman analysis, the presence of alpha phase of alumina has been confirmed. The presence of carbon in the composite has been established through diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra of the composite samples ensured the presence of Al–O–Al, O–H and C=O bonds.
Dynamic Handgrip Strength Endurance: A Reliable Measurement in Older Women
Authors: Karatrantou Konstantina
Published: February 2018

Background and Purpose:

Dynamic handgrip strength endurance is essential for daily activities that require repetitive gripping movements for a sustained period. At this time, there is no information about the reliability of measurement of dynamic handgrip strength endurance in older individuals. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of dynamic handgrip strength endurance in older women.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was performed. Thirty older women aged 70.5 (3.6) years performed 2 assessment sessions (test and retest), separated by 3 days. During these sessions, the dynamic handgrip strength endurance was evaluated using a testing protocol consisted of 12 repeated maximal isometric contractions for 3 seconds, with a 5-second rest between contractions (repetitions). The maximal handgrip strength at each repetition (repeated maximal repetitions) was evaluated in both hands (preferred and nonpreferred hand) using an hydraulic dynamometer Jamar; while the percentage change (using the mean of the first and the last 3 repetitions as well as the mean of the first and the last 6 repetitions) and the fatigue index were calculated.

Results:

The test-retest reliability for the assessment of repeated maximal repetitions (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.82-0.95, standard error of measurement [SEM] = 0.76-1.22 kg, SEM 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53-1.69 kg, SEM% = 3.6-8.6) and of percentage change (ICC = 0.81-0.87, SEM = 3.26%-4.40%, SEM 95% CI = 2.23-6.33%, SEM% = 3.4-4.7) was found to be high, whereas fatigue index exhibited lower reliability (ICC = 0.69-0.84, SEM% = 10.9-11.8).

Conclusion:

A dynamic protocol of 12 repeated maximal repetitions may be used for the evaluation of dynamic handgrip strength endurance, using the repeated maximal repetitions and the percentage change as the most reliable indicators for the determination of muscle endurance. However, the assessment of fatigue index should be interpreted with more caution.
Role of 11β-HSD type 1 in abnormal HPA axis activity during immune-mediated arthritis
Authors: Sattler Janko , Tu Jinwen , Stoner Shihani , Li Jingbao , Buttgereit Frank , Seibel Markus J , Zhou Hong , Cooper Mark S
Published: February 2018

Patients with chronic immune-mediated arthritis exhibit abnormal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. The basis for this abnormality is not known. Immune-mediated arthritis is associated with increased extra-adrenal synthesis of active glucocorticoids by the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) enzyme. 11β-HSD1 is expressed in the central nervous system, including regions involved in HPA axis regulation. We examined whether altered 11β-HSD1 expression within these regions contributes to HPA axis dysregulation during arthritis. The expression of 11β-HSD1, and other components of glucocorticoid signaling, were examined in various brain regions and the pituitary gland of mice with experimentally induced arthritis. Two arthritis protocols were employed: The K/BxN spontaneous arthritis model for chronic arthritis and the K/BxN serum transfer arthritis model for acute arthritis. 11β-HSD1 mRNA (Hsd11b1) was expressed in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, cortex, cerebellum and pituitary gland. Hypothalamic Hsd11b1 expression did not change in response to arthritis in either model. Pituitary Hsd11b1 expression was however significantly increased in both chronic and acute arthritis models. Hippocampal Hsd11b1 was decreased in acute but not chronic arthritis. Chronic, but not acute, arthritis was associated with a reduction in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasopressin expression. In both models, serum adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone levels were no different from non-inflammatory controls. These findings demonstrate inflammation-dependent regulation of Hsd11b1 expression in the pituitary gland and hippocampus. The upregulation of 11β-HSD1 expression in the pituitary during both chronic and acute arthritis, and thus, an increase in glucocorticoid negative feedback, could contribute to the abnormalities in HPA axis activity seen in immune-mediated arthritis.
The role of the AR/ER ratio in ER-positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Rangel Nelson , Rondon-Lagos Milena , Annaratone Laura , Osella-Abate Simona , Metovic Jasna , Mano Maria Piera , Bertero Luca , Cassoni Paola , Sapino Anna , Castellano Isabella
Published: February 2018

The significance of androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer (BC) management is not fully defined, and it is still ambiguous how the level of AR expression influences oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumours. The aim of the present study was to analyse the prognostic impact of AR/ER ratio, evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), correlating this value with clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics. We retrospectively selected a cohort of 402 ER+BC patients. On each tumour, IHC analyses for AR, ER, PgR, HER2 and Ki67 were performed and AR+ cases were used to calculate the AR/ER value. A cut-off of ≥2 was selected using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. RNA from 19 cases with AR/ER≥2 was extracted and used for Prosigna-PAM50 assays. Tumours with AR/ER≥2 (6%) showed more frequent metastatic lymph nodes, larger size, higher histological grade and lower PgR levels than cases with AR/ER<2. Multivariate analysis confirmed that patients with AR/ER≥2 had worse disease-free interval (DFI) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (hazard ratios (HR) = 4.96 for DFI and HR = 8.69 for DSS, bothP ≤ 0.004). According to the Prosigna-PAM50 assay, 63% (12/19) of these cases resulted in intermediate or high risk of recurrence categories. Additionally, although all samples were positive for ER assessed by IHC, the molecular test assigned 47.4% (9/19) of BCs to intrinsic non-luminal subtypes. In conclusion, the AR/ER ratio ≥2 identifies a subgroup of patients with aggressive biological features and may represent an additional independent marker of worse BC prognosis. Moreover, the Prosigna-PAM50 results indicate that a significant number of cases with AR/ER≥2 could be non-luminal tumours.
Use of Computer Technology During Family-Centered Rounds: A Qualitative Study of Parent Perspectives
Authors: Kern Jeremy , Bhansali Priti
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVES:

Physicians often use computer technologies to assist in work activities, including family-centered rounds (FCR), but little is known about the attitudes of families on the use of these technologies. We aimed to describe these perceptions on the presence and use of computer technologies during FCR.

METHODS:

We conducted observations of FCR from a parent’s visual perspective to “see what they see.” This was followed by in-depth interviews with the families of patients admitted to the hospitalist service at our institution to describe their experience with the use of computer technology by the medical team during FCR.

RESULTS:

From the analysis of 31 individual interview transcripts, our research team identified the following 4 themes: (1) technology serves a purpose during FCR; (2) to view data in real time; (3) do not lose the human connection; and (4) transparency is valued. Thirty-eight observations showed broad use of computer technologies by the medical team. Devices were used to provide data that would educate the family; however, the devices were often placed between the medical team and family, creating a physical barrier.

CONCLUSIONS:

Families recognized the benefit of computer technologies in the care of their child and would like greater sharing of information by the medical team. They insisted their child always be “placed first” and that the team be transparent with their use of technology. Computer technology may create possible obstructions and distractions to the medical team. As computer technologies become more commonplace in medicine, maintaining the essence of good patient-communication and family centered care is essential.
Motor Abnormalities and Epilepsy in Infants and Children With Evidence of Congenital Zika Virus Infection
Authors: Pessoa André , van der Linden Vanessa , Yeargin-Allsopp Marshalyn , Carvalho Maria Durce Costa Gomes , Ribeiro Erlane Marques , Van Naarden Braun Kim , Durkin Maureen S. , Pastula Daniel M. , Moore Jazmyn T. , Moore Cynthia A.
Published: February 2018

Initial reports of congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection focused on microcephaly at birth with severe brain anomalies; the phenotype has broadened to include microcephaly that develops after birth and neurodevelopmental sequelae. In this narrative review, we summarize medical literature describing motor abnormalities and epilepsy in infants with evidence of congenital ZIKV infection and provide information on the impact of these conditions. Specific scenarios are used to illustrate the complex clinical course in infants with abnormalities that are consistent with congenital Zika syndrome. A search of the English-language medical literature was done to identify motor abnormalities and epilepsy in infants with evidence of congenital ZIKV infection by using Medline and PubMed, Embase, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Scopus, the OpenGrey Repository, and the Grey Literature Report in Public Health. Search terms included “Zika” only and “Zika” in combination with any of the following terms: “epilepsy,” “seizure,” “motor,” and “cerebral palsy.” Clinical features of motor abnormalities and epilepsy in these children were reviewed. Thirty-six publications were identified; 8 were selected for further review. Among infants with clinical findings that are consistent with congenital Zika syndrome, 54% had epilepsy and 100% had motor abnormalities. In these infants, impairments that are consistent with diagnoses of cerebral palsy and epilepsy occur frequently. Pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor abnormalities were notable for their early development and co-occurrence. Prompt identification of potential disabilities enables early intervention to improve the quality of life for affected children. Long-term studies of developmental outcomes and interventions in children with congenital ZIKV infection are needed.
Modelagem Matemática: uma prática realizada com professoras dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara Hepp , Quartieri Marli Teresinha , Giongo Ieda Maria
Published: February 2018

Este relato aborda as implicações de uma oficina desenvolvida no curso de formação continuada Tendências em Educação Matemática para os Anos Iniciais, promovido com um grupo de professoras dos anos iniciais. Especificamente, a temática explorada foi a Modelagem Matemática. Essa oficina foi realizada em dois encontros de duas horas cada um, e as práticas, planejadas e aplicadas nas turmas em que as docentes atuavam. A investigação inicial apontou que elas desconheciam a Modelagem Matemática, mas, após a oficina, passaram a utilizá-la no decorrer do ano. Ademais, enfatizaram que a oficina as motivou a utilizar essa metodologia por ser capaz de desenvolver a criatividade e a criticidade dos alunos.
Competências ou saberes?
Authors: Mincato Marina Camargo
Published: February 2018

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Formação e construção da identidade docente a partir da narrativa de histórias de vida
Authors: Besutti Jussara , Redante Roberta Cristina , Fávero Altair Alberto
Published: February 2018

Este artigo objetiva compreender como as histórias de vida e as trajetórias de formação profissional contribuem para a construção da identidade de docentes na educação superior. A identidade de um professor deriva de aspectos como a sua história de vida, o significado que este atribui à docência, as suas práticas pedagógicas e a sua formação, que é, intrinsecamente, ligada à sua identidade e, ao mesmo tempo, vital para essa construção pessoal. Inicialmente, apresenta-se uma discussão teórica sobre aspectos do processo de formação docente e sobre a construção da identidade profissional. Na sequência, são apresentados os procedimentos metodológicos empregados na condução da pesquisa, bem como os resultados alcançados. O artigo responde à seguinte questão de pesquisa: como os docentes universitários constroem sua trajetória de vida e sua identidade? Participaram deste estudo empírico docentes de uma unidade acadêmica dos cursos de Administração, Contabilidade e Economia de uma universidade no RS. Os dados foram obtidos por meio das técnicas de pesquisa documental e de história de vida, de modo que a pesquisa pode ser caracterizada como de abordagem qualitativa. Como conclusão do estudo, destaca-se a ausência de preparação pedagógica no início da vida docente, pois constatouse que a área estudada não prepara adequadamente profissionais para a docência. Além disso, ressalta-se que as influências familiares e de professores marcantes determinaram sua trajetória e a construção da identidade,definindo suas vidas e sua formação como pessoas e profissionais.
Editorial
Authors: Dos Santos Pricila Kohls , Vitória Maria Inês Côrte
Published: February 2018

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PRAKIRAAN DAMPAK ANCAMAN DAN GANGGUAN DALAM PERIKANAN TANGKAP DAN PENGAWASAN SUMBERDAYA KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN
Authors: Nasution Zahri , Zulham Armen
Published: February 2018

Ancaman dan gangguan dalam pembangunan perikanan tangkap dan pengawasan sumberdaya kelautan dan perikanan perlu diantisipasi guna mencapai manfaat sumber daya perikanan secaratepat bagi masyarakat nelayan. Studi ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis prakiraan dampakkeamanan (AMDAK) pada setiap program perikanan tangkap dan pengawasan sumber daya kelautandan perikanan pada Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP). Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatankualitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah data sekunder dan data primer. Datayang didapat diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif serta diinterpretasikan secara logis. Hasil studimenunjukkan bahwa pada kegiatan yang tercakup dalam program pengembangan dan pengelolaanperikanan tangkap terdapat potensi gangguan dan ancaman faktual mulai dari konflik antar kelompokmasyarakat hingga gangguan dari adanya kapal asing. Disamping itu, terdapat pula potensi konflikpenggunaan alat tangkap antar nelayan dan gangguan kapal asing. Luasnya wilayah perairan yangdimiliki Indonesia dan keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dan pengawasnya, menyebabkan masihbanyaknya terjadi pelanggaran dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan. Pengawasan secaraterpadu dapat memberikan dampak positif dalam meningkatkan perekonomian, karena porsi kekayaansumber daya perikanan tidak berkurang akibat adanya kegiatan penangkapan ikan yang illegal.Title: Threat and Interference Impact Forecasting in Capture Fisheries andMarine and Fisheries Resources MonitoringThreats and disruptions in fisheries development and marine and fisheries resources monitoringare necessary to be anticipated toachieve appropriate benefits of fishery resources to fisher. This studyaimed to identify and analyze security impact forecasts (AMDAK) on each program and surveillanceof fisheries resources and marine fisheries in the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF).This study used a qualitative approach. Types of datas used in this activity are secondary data andprimary data. Data obtained were processed and analyzed descriptively and logically interpreted. Thestudy results showed that the activities included in the program of development and capture fisheriesmanagement was potentialy for interference and threats factual conflicts ranging from community groupsto interference from the presence of foreign vessels. In addition, there are potential conflicts betweenfishers, fishing gears and interference of foreign vessels. The wide of territorial waters were owned byIndonesia and human resource limitations and a supervisor, causing still many violations in the utilizationof fisheries resources. Integrated surveillancecan provide a positive impact to the economy, because theportion of the fishery resource wealth is not reduced as a result of illegal fishing activities.
PERBANDINGAN POLA BAGI HASIL DALAM USAHA GARAM RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Prihantini Campina Illa , Syaukat Yusman , Fariyanti Anna
Published: February 2018

Usaha garam rakyat pada umumnya dijalankan dengan sistem bagi hasil di KabupatenPamekasan. Pola bagi hasil yang umum dilakukan adalah pola bagi dua (merdua) dan pola bagi tiga(mertelu). Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan membandingkan perbedaanpelaksanaan dua pola bagi hasil usaha garam rakyat di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Beberapa indikator yangdigunakan dalam menganalisis perbedaan kedua pola bagi hasil ini dijelaskan dengan menggunakananalisis deskriptif. Kesimpulan pertama menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan paling dasar antara dua polabagi hasil adalah karakteristik lahan garam yang digarap oleh petani penggarap. Selain itu, penelitianini juga menjabarkan beberapa hak dan kewajiban masing-masing pihak yang terlibat dalam sistembagi hasil. Kesimpulan lainnya adalah terdapat perbedaan hak dan kewajiban antara pemilik lahan danpetani penggarap. Salah satu kelemahan sistem bagi hasil dalam usaha garam rakyat adalah dominasiperan pemilik lahan. Pemerintah diharapkan dapat berperan dalam pembatasan kepemilikan lahan. Halini bertujuan agar pemilik lahan tidak terlalu dominan dalam usaha garam rakyat, terlebih di KabupatenPamekasan.Title: Comparison of Sharecropping System Salt Production Busineessin Pamekasan Regency, East JavaSalt production business generally used sharecropping system in Pamekasan regency.This system has two type, 1:1 sharecropping system (it is called merdua) and 1:2 sharecropping system(it is called mertelu). The main objective of this research is to identify and to compare the differencesof two types in salt production business with sharecropping system in Pamekasan regency. Someindicators are used to analyze the differences using descriptive analysis. The first conclusion showed themain difference of those types of sharecropping system is the salt-land characteristic. Besides that, thisresearch also explain the rights and the obligations each participant in sharecropping system. The otherconclusion is there is a difference right and obligation between the landlord and the sharecropper. Oneof sharecropping weakness is the landlord’s domination. The government should make regulation aboutrestrictions on tenure rights. It aims to minimize the landlord’s domination in salt production business,especially in Pamekasan regency.
ERGONOMİK İYİLEŞTİRMENİN ÇALIŞAN PSİKOLOJİSİ VE VERİMLİLİĞE ETKİSİ: ELEKTRİKLİ EV ALETLERİ ÜRETİCİSİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÇELEBİ Seçil
Published: February 2018

Ergonomik değişimin çalışanların psikolojik refahı ve üretkenliği üzerindeki etkisi uzun zamandır devam eden bir araştırma konusudur ve geçmiş literatürdeki sayısız çalışma ergonomik değişimin çalışanların psikolojik refah ve verimliliğini olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, bir elektrikli ev eşyaları üreticisinin fiziksel çevre gelişiminin çalışan memnuniyeti ve üretim verimliliği üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiş ve fiziksel çevre değişiminin çalışan memnuniyeti ve verimliliği üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu hipotezi kabul edilmiştir.
Changing Business Dynamism and Productivity: Shocks vs. Responsiveness
Authors: Decker Ryan A. , Haltiwanger John , Jarmin Ron S. , Miranda Javier
Published: February 2018

The pace of job reallocation has declined in all U.S. sectors since 2000. In standard models, aggregate job reallocation depends on (a) the dispersion of idiosyncratic productivity shocks faced by businesses and (b) the marginal responsiveness of businesses to those shocks. Using several novel empirical facts from business microdata, we infer that the pervasive post-2000 decline in reallocation reflects weaker responsiveness in a manner consistent with rising adjustment frictions and not lower dispersion of shocks. The within-industry dispersion of TFP and output per worker has risen, while the marginal responsiveness of employment growth to business-level productivity has weakened. The responsiveness in the post-2000 period for young firms in the high-tech sector is only about half (in manufacturing) to two thirds (economy wide) of the peak in the 1990s. Counterfactuals show that weakening productivity responsiveness since 2000 accounts for a significant drag on a ggregate productivity.
A Global Lending Channel Unplugged? Does U.S. Monetary Policy Affect Cross-border and Affiliate Lending by Global U.S. Banks?
Authors: Temesvary Judit , Ongena Steven , Owen Ann L.
Published: February 2018

We examine how U.S. monetary policy affects the international activities of U.S. Banks. We access a rarely studied U.S. bank-level regulatory dataset to assess at a quarterly frequency how changes in the U.S. Federal funds rate (before the crisis) and quantitative easing (after the onset of the crisis) affects changes in cross-border claims by U.S. banks across countries, maturities and sectors, and also affects changes in claims by their foreign affiliates. We find robust evidence consistent with the existence of a potent global bank lending channel. In response to changes in U.S. monetary conditions, U.S. banks strongly adjust their cross-border claims in both the pre and post-crisis period. However, we also find that U.S. bank affiliate claims respond mainly to host country monetary conditions.
Growth performance, haematology and histopathology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying levels of Aloe barbadensis leaves
Authors: Ibidunni Adegbesan Sherifat , Olubodun Obasa Samuel , Ikililu Abdulraheem
Published: February 2018

One hundred and twenty Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (2.33 ± 0.07 g) were fed with 40% crude protein diets containing three concentrations of Aloe barbadensis leaves-paste: ABL1, 1%; ABL2, 2%; ABL3, 3%, and control, 0% ad libitum twice daily for 12 weeks. Mean weight gain and percentage weight gain increased (P < 0.05) as concentration of A. barbadensis increased. Survival rate decreased as concentration of paste increased. Differences (P < 0.05) seen in packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), and red blood cell (RBC), thus highest in ABL3: PCV (36.67 ± 0.89%), Hb (12.37 ± 0.37 g dl–1) and RBC (3.47 ± 0.08×106 L–1) and lowest in control: PCV (22.0 ± 0.58%), Hb (7.37 ± 0.20 g dl–1) and RBC (2.07 ± 0.06 ×106 L–1). Liver histology of control fish was normal, while fatty degenerations were seen in the treated fish. The histology of fish kidney was normal in all treatments. The study concluded that 1% A. barbadensis leaves-paste could effectively improve growth performance, nutrient utilization and survival of cultured C. gariepinus.
Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile Birlikte Hareket Etmenin Cehennemliklerin Sayısını Artıracağıyla İlgili Hadisler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Seyhan Ahmet Emin
Published: February 2018

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de ve hadislerde Ye’cûc ve
Me’cûc kelimesi geçmektedir. Bu kelime Hz. Peygamber’in yaşadığı dönemde
“zalim, müşrik ve bozguncu insanlar topluluğu”nu niteleyen bir sıfat olarak
kullanılırken ilerleyen dönemlerde anlam kaybına uğramış ve düşman görülen
kavimler bu kelimeyle isimlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Böyle bir bakış açısıyla
nakledilen rivâyetler temel tefsir ve hadis kaynaklarına girmiş ve müslümanlar
nezdinde doğru olmayan bir Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc anlayışı ortaya çıkmıştır.Bu makalenin gayesi, temel hadis
kaynaklarında geçen ve “Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile birlikte hareket etmenin
cehennemliklerin sayısını artıracağını” haber veren rivâyetleri sened ve metin
yönünden tahlil etmek ve konuyla ilgili daha doğru bakış açılarının
geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamaktır. Zira İslâm düşünce tarihi boyunca Ye’cûc ve
Me’cûc ile ilgili isabetli olmayan görüşler müslümanların kafasını karıştırmış,
onları sağlıklı değerlendirme yapma imkânından mahrum bırakmış, âyet ve
hadislerin yanlış yorumlanmasına neden olmuştur.

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in nazil olduğu dönemde Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc kelimesinin
“isim” değil “sıfat” olarak kullanıldığı, Enbiyâ sûresinin 96. âyetinde geçen
Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile kast edilenlerin “ikinci sûrun üfürülmesiyle birlikte
diriltilen ve mahşer meydanına doğru sel gibi akıp giden günahkâr, zalim,
kâfir, münafık ve müşrikler topluluğu” olduğu, Kehf sûresinin 94. âyetinde
geçen Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile kast edilenlerin ise, “Zülkarneyn’in yaşadığı
dönemde dünyada bulunan, etraflarına büyük zararlar veren, işgalci, sömürgeci
ve bozguncu insanlar topluluğu” olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bir başka ifadeyle her
iki âyette de Ye’cûc ve Me’cûc ile “belirli bir ırk veya kavim” değil, tam
tersine “muhtelif ırk ve renklerdeki bütün zâlim, kâfir, müşrik, mücrim,
münafık, fâsık ve müfsitler topluluğu” kastedilmektedir.