bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects and Challenges of Inclusive Education in Indonesia: Examining the Educational Environment of Students with Disability
Authors: Hafid Abdul
Published: January 2025

Penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi di Indonesia menunjukkan upaya serius negara dalam memberikan akses pendidikan yang setara, termasuk bagi siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Ini sesuai amanat Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, diperkuat dengan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Namun, upaya tersebut masih menghadapi beberapa tantangan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerangka kerja, hambatan, dan prospek pendidikan inklusi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis. Penelitian ini mengandalkan dokumen hukum dan kebijakan yang dikombinasikan dengan data empiris dalam menilai implementasi kebijakan pendidikan inklusif baru-baru ini. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya kemajuan yang signifikan dalam implementasi pendidikan inklusif, terutama dalam hal integrasi anak berkebutuhan khusus ke dalam kelas reguler. Namun demikian, beberapa tantangan juga ditemukan, seperti kesiapan guru , aksesibilitas yang terbatas, dan stigma sosial yang masih muncul. Penelitian ini lebih lanjut menyarankan perlunya koordinasi kelembagaan lintas sektor untuk memperkuat pendidikan inklusi dengan perhatian khusus pada hak-hak siswa dengan disabilitas.
The implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia exhibited the state’s effort to provide equal access to education, including students with special needs. As stipulated by the 1945 Constitution, coupled with the Law No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System. However, it remained face a several challenges. In this sense, this paper seeks to analyses the framework, obstacles, and prospects of inclusive education in Indonesia. The research uses a descriptive-analytical methods. It relies on the legal and policy documents combined with empirical data in assessing the recent implementation of such inclusive education policies. It found significant advancement of the implementation of inclusive education, especially the integration of children with special needs into regular classes. Nevertheless, some challenges also found, such as the teacher preparation, limited accessibility, and social stigma that remain arise. The research further suggests the need for cross-sectors institutional-coordination to strengthen the inclusive education with special attention to the rights of students with disabilities.
Uwakilishaji wa Sifa za Ubabedume Katika Nyimbo za Maviga ya Tohara Miongoni mwa Watiriki wa Gatuzi Dogo la Hamisi, Gatuzi la Vihiga Nchini Kenya
Authors: Ayuma Imeldah , Oluoch Stephen , Matinde Riro
Published: January 2025

Jamii nyingi za Kiafrika huendeleza dhana ya ubabedume. ambapo maingiliano ya kijamii huelekezwa na jinsia, umri na majukumu ya makundi mbalimbali. Wanamume hupendelewa na kupatiwa hadhi kubwa . Jamii husika hutumia mila na desturi kama vyombo vya kuimarisha ubabedume. Makala hii inachunguza jinsi ubabedume unavyojengwa na kuakisiwa kupitia nyimbo za maviga miongoni mwa Watiriki katika Gatuzi dogo la Hamisi, Gatuzi la Vihiga, Magharibi mwa Kenya. Utafiti huu umebaini kuwa nyimbo za tohara zinatambulisha taswira zilizowakilisha wanaume waliotahiriwa (vatirich vamasero) kama viumbe bora, wakilinganishwa naVasomi ambao wanachukuliwa kama viumbe visivyotimiza wajibu na desturi za tohara katika jamii. (Vasomi) Wanadharauliwa katika jamii hadi kufikia kiwango cha kulinganishwa na wanawake. Utafiti huu umetumia mpangilio wa uchunguzi kifani, ambapo sampuli ya kimakusudi ilichukuliwa. Nyiso nane zilizochaguliwa na wasailiwa watano wa kiume kuteuliwa kimkusudi. Utafiti huu unalenga kutoa mchango muhimu kwa kuelewa jinsi ubabedume unavyodhihirika kupitia nyimbo za tohara miongoni mwa Watiriki, na kuelezea athari zake katika kuimarisha mifumo ya kijinsia katika jamii
Assessing the price effects of African swine fever in the China market
Authors: Salling Melissza
Published: January 2025

Aim: African swine fever is a viral disease that has affected the pig business in several nations worldwide. One of the most serious diseases affecting the hog business significantly influences China’s meat sector, as the country is one of the biggest pork consumers. The main objective of the current study is to examine the impact of the breakdown on hog meat output and prices in the China region. Several factors, such as market supply and demand, disease outbreaks, and governmental policies, have caused fluctuations in the price of pigs in China since 2018.
Methods: The acquired data was first evaluated using a descriptive technique. The price fluctuation caused by African swine disease during the studied time was then evaluated using a t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient system, and polynomial regression.
Results: In the analyzed period from 2015 to 2021, African swine fever outbreak impacts were detected in pork supply and price distribution. The outbreak lowers the output of hog meat, raising the stock price and influencing other meat products’ prices. Polynomial regression analysis employs the correlation between the decreased level of pork supply and the increased price of live pigs. The price of live pigs ranged from 10.57 RMB/kg to 37.10 RMB/kg, with a median of 15.60 RMB/kg and a mean of 21.43 RMB/kg. This suggests a significant increase in prices in comparison to stock levels, which could be a sign of the impact of exogenous disruptions of African swine fever on market dynamics.
Conclusions: Findings emphasize that such disruption has a negative effect on the supply and demand balance. Moreover, it negatively affects pork production and price distribution. The results highlight that prices are increasing significantly as a consequence of viral outbreaks and decreased pork production.
Features of international logistics under the conditions of martial state in Ukraine
Authors: PETRYSHYN Nataliia , HRYHORIEV Oleksandr , TURYCH Natalia
Published: January 2025

Introduction. International logistics plays a key role in the modern world economy, contributing to globalization and trade. Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, logistics has undergone significant changes, began to restructure and adapt to modern realities. These changes have affected both transportation in Ukraine and around the world.
The purpose of the paper is to identify changes in international logistics that occurred due to the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, as well as to identify the main factors of the normalization of trade logistics in Ukraine.
Results. At present, of the five main modes of transport that provided all transportation of the state, only three types of transport remain that can carry out logistics transportation, namely railway, pipeline and road transport. The following factors were able to normalize trade logistics: the signing of the agreement on the “Grain Initiative” between the UN and Turkey; the development and increase in the volume of cargo transportation through the Danube region; the easing of restrictions on international road transportation with the EU. In general, all three factors have had a positive impact on certain aspects of logistics and the economy of Ukraine, and are an important step to ensure its support and sustainable development.
Conclusion. The war in Ukraine had a significant impact on international logistics. These changes have had a negative impact on the global economy and supply chains. However, now the business has adapted, reoriented and started to develop new expert ways, through land corridors, through European countries. They can be conditionally divided into two global directions: the western transport corridor to Poland, Germany and the Baltic countries and the southern transport corridor mostly to Romania. Despite the great shock that the Ukrainian transport and logistics system experienced at the beginning of the war, it is trying to ensure the transportation of necessary goods to and from Ukraine.
The role of non-governmental organisations in documenting and investigating war crimes in Ukraine
Authors: PASHKOVSKYI Mykola
Published: January 2025

The paper examines the system of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) documenting war crimes in the context of Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine. The research analyzes the unprecedented consolidation of Ukrainian civil society in documenting international crimes committed since 2014, particularly focusing on the period after February 24, 2022. The study reveals the classification of NGOs involved in documentation activities, including international human rights organizations, specialized NGOs focusing on specific documentation methodologies, and organizations specializing in particular types of international law violations. The paper identifies the advantages of NGO documentation activities, including flexibility in resource allocation, freedom from procedural constraints, higher public trust, rapid information exchange, and liberty in choosing ways to utilize collected information. The research outlines various forms of documentation used by NGOs: interviewing individuals, examining crime scenes, photo and video recording, collecting physical evidence and digital information, Internet-based investigations, documenting injuries, and self-documentation by witnesses or victims. The study analyzes the risks and challenges in NGO documentation activities, including fragmentation of approaches, non-compliance with basic documentation principles, untimely information sharing, and security concerns. Special attention is paid to the procedural aspects of using NGO-collected information as evidence in criminal proceedings. The paper examines the recent developments in the framework for cooperation between NGOs and law enforcement agencies, particularly focusing on the Memorandum of Understanding signed by the Office of the Prosecutor General. The research concludes by proposing the development of standard operating procedures for information exchange and recommending the adoption of a comprehensive strategy for cooperation between investigative bodies and civil society institutions in investigating international crimes.
Implementation Of Kaizen Method To Improve Process: Case Study In Babylon Hotel / Baghdad
Authors: Albayatey Ameera Shukur Weli , Mawlood Dr. Suha Jamal , jawad Dr. Maha kamel
Published: January 2025

The research aims to study and analyze Kaizen to improve operations at the Babylon Hotel in Baghdad, and to know the availability of Kaizen requirements to improve operations and measure the level of gaps between actual reality and requirements. The reasons for choosing the current research topic are due to the importance of hotel services in meeting local needs. The research problem in the Babylon Hotel focused on the lack of knowledge of its administrative leaders about the importance of Kaizen to improve operations for the company in increasing its sustainability in competitive markets. The research aims to diagnose the application of the Kaizen method to improve operations by several factors, including (the plan stage, the implementation process, the audit process, and the disposition process) in the Babylon Hotel and diagnose its strengths and weaknesses and provide proposals for its development. Checklists with a seven-point scale were used to collect data to identify the level of application and actual documentation within the research community and to work on finding the gap in diagnosing Kaizen to improve operations and the actual reality of the hotel. The case study approach was adopted as the most appropriate in terms of its collection of more than one method at once, which is the use of checklists for the purpose of obtaining the required data and information required by the research for the purpose of reaching the desired goals. The percentage of the extent of The company's compliance with Kaizen to improve operations (89.62%), which created a gap of (10.38%), and after collecting the actual data, the extent of the research sample's application of these standard indicators and measuring the gap between actual and standard performance was reached. The research results showed that the application of the Kaizen method in the Babylon Hotel contributed to improving the effectiveness of operational processes, increasing customer satisfaction, and achieving efficiency in the use of resources. The research recommends adopting the Kaizen method as a sustainable strategy to improve operations in hotels in general, through commitment to continuous improvement and continuous training of employees, with the need to measure performance periodically to ensure that goals are achieved efficiently and effectively.
Strategic Leadership Skills And Their Impact On Achieving Organizational Success - A Field Study In The General Company Of Iraqi Airways
Authors: Al-Rubaie Saleh Salman Zayer , Al Asadi Alia Abd El Hussein Aboudi
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to shed light on strategic leadership skills and the extent of the impact of its dimensions in achieving organizational success among managers working in the Iraqi Airways Company. The total community size according to the (D. MORGIN) model was (56) managers and department heads or their representatives, and the research sample was (50), i.e. (90%) of the total community size. (45) questionnaires were retrieved, i.e. (.81%) of the total community, all of which are valid for statistical analysis. Using the SPSS program, version twenty-nine, to analyze the answers of the sample members. The data were collected and analyzed, and the validity and reliability of the study tool were verified using Cronbach's alpha to determine the internal consistency of all elements. The questionnaire was arbitrated by a number of distinguished expert professors in the specialty to determine the validity of the tool's contents, and the percentage and frequency tables were determined using the answers of the study sample members regarding personal information such as gender, age, educational qualification and number of years of service. Correlation, regression, and descriptive statistics measures were used, which are the mean and standard deviation, and the (T) test for the difference between variables (Independent Sample T Tset) using Pearson's techniques for statistical analysis of data at the significance level ∂≤0.5. The study of the results concluded that the dimensions of strategic leadership and achieving organizational success in the Iraqi Airways Company are strongly related. The study concluded with recommendations that strategic leadership is a decisive factor for organizational success and can bring about changes in the performance of employees as a whole.
A Comprehensive Evaluation Of The Key Factors Accounting For The Efficacy Of Intelligent Web Systems
Authors: Garg Janhvi
Published: January 2025

The grand vision of Tim Berners-Lee, director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) founded in 1994, of changing the non-semantic Web (Web 1.0, Web 2.0) to a semantic Web (Web 3.0) will connect all websites and make their systems interoperable. Though this system has not yet fully matured, the goal of utilizing the full potential of the web by creating an interoperable knowledge whole is not far from reach. With the emergence of various web technologies and innovative concepts of using the web to its fullest potential, the web is evolving rapidly toward intelligent web systems. Ideally, intelligent web systems will be a combination of a semantic web and various web services where computers can automatically process web contents and integrate their services. This paper reports on which web technologies and protocols succeeded in realizing the current web and speculates on the possible future web architecture and its social impact.
Use of Machine Learning Technology in Online Education
Authors: Goel Chiragh
Published: January 2025

E-learning is one of the many fields in which machine learning (ML) technology has transformed. Personalised material distribution, automated evaluations, and adaptive learning experiences are all provided by ML technology. Large amounts of educational information are analysed by algorithms in ML-powered e-learning platforms, allowing for personalised learning routes, effective evaluations, and predictive insights into learner behaviour. A detailed review of machine learning technologies and their uses in e-learning from 2001 to 2021 is given in this paper. We look at the advantages and disadvantages of several machine learning algorithms, methods, and resources that improve e-learning platforms. In addition, we examine case studies of effective ML applications in e-learning, talk about the drawbacks and moral dilemmas of these technologies, and suggest possible future paths, such as combining immersive and explainable AI. Through this investigation, we intend to offer a thorough grasp of how machine learning has changed e-learning and its prospects for the future.
Sustainable Sales: Five Legs Resto's Green Marketing Mix and Social Media Impact – A Mataram City Case Study
Authors: Rusiyati Sri , Suleman Dede , Zuniarti Ida , Puspasari Aprilia , Sofyanty Devy , Hakim Lukman
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the application of Green Marketing strategies in the Five Legs Resto, Mataram City, Lombok, and assesses their impact on both traditional product sales and social media influence. Drawing on a comprehensive green marketing mix, including green product, price, place, and promotion, the study employs regression analyses to unravel the intricate relationships among these variables. The findings reveal that eco-friendly product offerings and transparent pricing positively influence product sales and social media influence. Conversely, the physical location (Green Place) does not significantly impact the outcomes, suggesting the growing importance of online channels. Notably, effective green promotion emerges as a powerful driver of both product sales and social media influence. These results contribute to the existing literature on green marketing and offer actionable insights for businesses seeking a balance between environmental responsibility and commercial success. The implications extend to both academic research and practical considerations, guiding future explorations in the dynamic landscape of sustainability-oriented marketing.
Analysis of Spring Damage in the Chamber Actuator
Authors: Nasution Raven Rullyapatra , Rudi Saputra
Published: January 2025

Spring, which has the function to help the valve operate so that it can be fully closed and fully open, has a very vital role in the continuous operation of the chemical industry. When a problem occurs, muddy fluid is found in the spring actuator chamber which causes the valve not to operate and not be in full close condition. The purpose of this study is to find the causes of the Spring Actuator failure in the chemical industry. This research was specifically directed at a broken Spring Actuator to determine the cause of the failure/damage. The tests carried out were: fractography, metallography (microstructure), chemical composition analysis, hardness test, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. The results of the macrographic examination showed that the spring fracture had 2 fracture surface patterns. Spring B has a brittle fracture where the shape of the fracture is more even and does not show residual fracture. While springs A, C, and D experienced ductile fracture. The results of metallography found corrosion products in the surface area of the spring. There are non-metallic inclusions in the form of sulfides and microvoids. The microstructure is tempered martensite. From the results of the chemical composition of the spring material, it still meets the JIS G 4801 grade SUP 12 standard with the addition of Silicon and Chrome. The hardness test results have a hardness value of 518.4 HV. The spring hardness value is above the maximum hardness limit of SUP 12 material. The SEM test results of the spring sample show the presence of non-metallic inclusions with elongated morphology and micro-sized voids. The results of the EDX test showed a Sulfur content of 4.71 wt% in non-metallic inclusions and the content of Fe and O elements in the defective holes which were corrosion products. From this study, it is known that the factors causing damage to the springs are manufacturing process errors, material defects, and corrosive environments.
Pertanggungjawaban Pelaku Usaha Terkait Manipulasi Uji Keselamatan Produk PT Otomotif XYZ Perspektif Ibnu Taimiyah
Authors: Alzikri Alfin , Muhammad Ramadhan
Published: January 2025

Mobil merupakan kendaraan berfungsi sebagai moda transportasi yang mampu digunakan dalam berbagai kondisi jalan di area pedesaan maupun perkotaan. Salah satu brand yang mengeluarkan berbagai jenis produk mobil yaitu PT Otomotif XYZ. PT Otomotif XYZ sebagai anak dari perusahaan Toyota disebut telah melakukan adanya tindakan dalam memanipulasi uji keselamatan kendaraan dalam produksi yang dilakukan selama jangka waktu lebih dari 30 tahun. Bentuk manipulasi dianggap menjadi salah satu tindakan penipuan dalam pemasaran produk. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha terkait manipulasi uji keselamatan menurut perspektif Ibnu Taimiyah. Metode yang dilakukan dikategorikan sebagai bentuk penelitian normatif yang dijabarkan melalui metode kualitatif. Bentuk studi normatif yang dijalankan akan mengacu pada bentuk hukum formal yaitu Halal dan Haram, boleh atau tidaknya suatu perkara, dan masih merupakan pendekatan yang tegas, tegas, dan primitif. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa menurut ungkapan atas larangan yang dikemukakan oleh Ibnu Taimiyah menyebutkan bahwa segala kecacatan maupun keindahan dari suatu barang yang diperjualbelikan, perlu untuk diberitahukan sehingga tidak terdapat kemungkinan tutup menutupi dari suatu produk yang berdampak pada perubahan sistem dagang dalam rangka pembuktian kebenaran barang khususnya terkait keselamatan barang. Dari hal ini, konsumen perlu untuk melakukan pengecekan kembali barang tersebut sebelum terjadi kesepakatan jual beli. Jika pelaku usaha terdapat melakukan kecurangan maka konsumen dapat menuntut dan pelaku dikenakan sanksi berupa denda maupun pemberian barang baru yang tidak cacat sebagaimana yang sudah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen Nomor 8 Tahun 1999.
Public policies for scientific dissemination and divulgation: a theoretical review from the Peruvian contex
Authors: Chávez Vera Kerwin , Calanchez Urribarri África , Boscan Mariby
Published: January 2025

This article aims to analyze the public policies promoted in Peru to encourage research. To this end, a documentary study was carried out; a content analysis was conducted, with information from articles published in databases of worldwide impact Scimago Journal / Country Rank; laws and regulations, as well as reports and official records from national agencies, such as the National Superintendence of Education (SUNEDU). The content analysis method allowed for a systematic description and a critical and reflexive analysis of the information. The results obtained show a favorable growth in the number of scientific publications, but slow when compared to other Latin American countries. This situation is due to the parameters established by the State, as well as the institutional capacity required for the design, implementation and evaluation of policies, which are key factors for success. It is concluded that public policy on science, technology and innovation in Peru often aims to have a greater visibility of science as a way to promote and increase the collection of knowledge in journals and universities.
Quand les migrants nous font faire un « chemin éthique » et nous rappellent au « devoir de fraternité »
Authors: Duffé Bruno-Marie , Duffé Bruno-Marie
Published: January 2025

Les personnes qui sont contraintes de vivre la migration nous font vivre un « chemin éthique » qui nous fait revisiter, avec elles, les ancrages de la responsabilité partagée tout comme les conditions d’une vie sociale, pensée comme communauté. Pas d’éthique, en la matière, sans attitude « compréhensive » : comment sont-ils arrivés là ? Comment en sommes-nous arrivés là ? Le travail de la pensée responsable, en éthique sociale, en appelle à l’analyse des histoires particulières et de l’imbrication des histoires locale, et mondiale. Il met en lumière, entre autres composantes, l’importance de la vie économique qui ouvre aux droits et rend possible une participation à l’histoire commune. Travailler ensemble réactualise, en l’occurrence, la notion de « bien commun » qui fonde la valeur de la solidarité, elle-même à la base du contrat social. Le récit de l’histoire singulière des migrants active et réactive sans cesse la conscience éthique qui considère ces hommes, ces femmes et ces enfants comme des « personnes » avec qui il nous est permis d’espérer…
The influence of nursing handover on nurses' mental health: A scoping review
Authors: Tomás Margarida A. R. , Soares Marisa R. , Oliveira-Lopes Joaquim M. , Sousa Luís M. M. , Martins Vânia L. D.
Published: January 2025

Nursing handover is essential in clinical practice across various healthcare settings and can significantly impact nurses' mental health. This scoping review aimed to explore and map these implications using the JBI methodology and PRISMA ScR Checklist. It included 11 studies published between 1988 and 2022 from the UK, Australia, USA, South Korea, and Hong Kong, involving over 122 nurses in acute care settings. The findings reveal three major themes: source of psychological discomfort, coping resource, and peer support and cohesion. Negative emotions such as stress, anxiety, dissatisfaction, and tension are linked to handovers, particularly bedside handovers, which raise confidentiality issues and induce scrutiny among nurses. The lack of standardized training and consistent procedures also contributes to stress, especially for newly graduated and less experienced nurses. Conversely, handovers function as structured rituals providing peer support and a sense of control, helping nurses manage psychological demands. To mitigate negative impacts, implementing standardized handover procedures and comprehensive training programs for new nurses is essential. Encouraging open communication and fostering a supportive environment can enhance team cohesion and reduce stress. Future research should measure the impact of different handover practices on nurses' mental health and explore their supportive, social, protective, and restorative functions. This review highlights the critical role of nursing handovers in supporting nurses' mental health and underscores the need for standardized practices to improve the well-being of nursing professionals and the quality of patient care.
Explorer les parcours thérapeutiques des enfants atteints de cancer au Burkina Faso
Authors: Arcens Somé Marie-Thérèse , Nikiema Aude
Published: January 2025

Au Burkina Faso, l’offre de santé repose sur des structures de soins de base proches et nombreuses. Cependant, elles traitent des pathologies ne nécessitant pas d’interventions chirurgicales et qui relèvent des maladies transmissibles. Nous nous interrogeons alors sur le déroulement des parcours de soins d'enfants souffrant d'autres pathologies, ici le cancer. Des entretiens ont été menés dans la capitale, Ouagadougou, auprès d'enfants atteints de cancer, d'accompagnants et de personnels soignants. Les parcours thérapeutiques collectés ont été cartographiés et leur analyse souligne leur complexité et leur durée. On relève également une prise en charge fragmentée, combinant recours à la médecine conventionnelle et à la médecine traditionnelle avec souvent une prise en charge trop tardive des services spécialisés.
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Enhanced Recycling Efforts
Authors: Kandpal Nikita , Singhal Nishant , Lavaniya Harsh Vardhan , Jain Rajul , Singh Rajat , Gaur Ashish
Published: January 2025

One industry that has benefitted largely from the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in its processes is recycling, providing significant advancements in waste management towards sustainability and environmental conservation. This chapter highlights the application of AI and ML in various waste streams (plastic, electronic food, paper, textile, metal etc. wastage). These systems use AI-powered image recognition and sorting to better separate materials, helping in increasing the efficiency of chemical recycling technologies; meanwhile ML algorithms enable cleaner processes for handling chemicals from material recovery. Increased precision in the removal of valuable components from electronic waste via automated disassembly and predictive analytics. Using AI and ML in recycling has helped to increase operational efficiency, resources recovery but also shown clear contributions for the environment overall to ensure sustainable future ahead.
Chemical Breakthroughs Facilitating Superior Material Reclamation Techniques
Authors: Chittalury Deepthi
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores chemical innovations transforming material reclamation from industrial waste and end-of-life products, focusing on sustainability. Emphasizing green chemistry, we examine novel solvents, catalysts, and reaction pathways that minimize environmental impact while maximizing recovery yields. Advancements in electrochemical methods, like electrowinning and electrochemical leaching, are highlighted for their role in metal recovery. We also discuss biodegradable reagents for polymer reclamation, including biodegradable solvents and enzymatic degradation. The integration of AI technologies, such as machine learning, with these chemical processes is explored to enhance efficiency and selectivity. Additionally, hybrid systems combining mechanical, chemical, and AI-driven methods are covered. Through case studies from industries like electronics, automotive, and mining, and an analysis of research trends, this chapter offers a comprehensive overview of AI-enhanced chemical innovations, addressing challenges and future opportunities for sustainable industrial practices.
Considerations of Policy and Morality in Waste Management
Authors: Chattaraj Manasi , Goswami Aditi , Ganguly Arindam , Chattaraj Sourav
Published: January 2025

Today's world is facing serious challenge for waste management. Population explosion, migration, industrialization and modernization has created imbalance to the resource to waste ratio. So, the situation demands paradigm shift towards policy based solutions strongly complying with the Sustainable Development Goals. The traditional top down policies are getting plagued by biasness, inefficiencies and perturbations. So, policies must be looked from the point of morality, environmental ethics and social justice. Updating policies should aim to cut down load of waste and conserve natural resources to ascertain regional development. The emergence of geoinformatics and biotechnology has the potential to bring radical change in waste management, promoting efficiency, sustainability and informed decision-making. In this chapter attempts will be made to analyse the existing waste management policies and the lacunas, explore the moral dimensions of waste management, suggest advanced waste management approaches and prepare a geospatial technology based umbrella policy for waste management.
Pioneering Zero Waste Technologies Within the Framework of Sustainable Progress
Authors: Garg Amar Prakash , Chaudhary Monika
Published: January 2025

Zero waste, as defined by the Zero Waste International Alliance (ZWIA) refers to the conservation of all resources by means of responsible production, consumption, reuse, and recovery of products, packaging, and materials without burning and with no substantial discharges to land, water, or air that threaten the environment, human health, or various other life forms. An estimated 11.2 billion metric tons of solid waste is collected every year worldwide, and approximately 5% of overall greenhouse gas emissions are caused by the decomposition of the organic elements of solid waste alone in the environment. It is projected that the production of municipal solid garbage will increase from 2.3 billion metric tons in 2023 to 3.8 billion metric tons by 2050. The predicted global direct cost of waste management in 2020 was $252 billion, which will be doubled by 2050. If we don't find a solution quickly, it may become unfixable and convert the earth into a “gas chamber.”. Waste management using AI-driven technologies is sustainable because recycling of plastic produces hazardous chemicals.
Approach of Microbial Consortia in the Field of Industrial and Pharmaceutical Wastewater Remediation
Authors: Rathod Prakash Baburao , Singh Mahendra P. , Markad Uddhav S.
Published: January 2025

The increasing prevalence of industrial and pharmaceutical waste in water bodies poses a significant environmental threat, challenging traditional wastewater treatment methods. This has necessitated the exploration of innovative, sustainable approaches for effective remediation. Among these, the use of microbial consortia has emerged as a promising solution, harnessing the synergistic interactions of diverse microorganisms to degrade complex pollutants more efficiently than single-species cultures. Microbial consortia are composed of multiple microbial species, each with distinct metabolic capabilities, that work together to break down various contaminants found in industrial and pharmaceutical wastewater. The use of microbial consortia enhances biodegradation through cooperative interactions, where one species' metabolic byproducts can serve as substrates for another, leading to complete mineralization of pollutants. This chapter discusses the mechanism by which microbial consortia function in wastewater remediation. Additionally, it explores the application of microbial consortia
Biotechnology Methods for API Removal From Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Sood Parul , Sharma Vikas , Jangra Nitin
Published: January 2025

In recent decades, the use of pharmaceutical products has been increased tremendously with over thirty million tons of pharmaceuticals are consumed worldwide. Pharmacological drugs have a crucial role in preserving the health and welfare of both humans and animals. Many used pharmaceutical products are not completely metabolized in human and animal body leading to gets accumulated in rivers, lakes, and drinking water worldwide as persistent organic chemicals causing severe damage to aquatic ecosystems. This chapter analyses several biotechnology methods employed to remove APIs from pharmaceutical wastewater, specifically emphasizing biological treatments that harness the capabilities of microorganisms and enzymes. The present paper provides a thorough analysis of microbial degradation, bioaugmentation, and the application of bioreactors. Furthermore, it highlights the efficacy, challenges, and potential for integration into existing treatment systems (Figure 1).
Enzyme-Assisted Wastewater Treatment in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Gaur Nisha , Yadav Mohit , Singh Rashika , Sheikh Ayan , Shrivastava Vaishnavi , Nghiem Xuan-Hoa
Published: January 2025

The pharmaceutical industry is a significant source of environmental pollution; the main environmental concern being the presence of residues from pharmaceutical products within water bodies. Methods used to treat wastewater traditionally involve physical and chemical processes, which lack desirable characteristics since they result in high costs, consume large amounts of energy, and produce toxic byproducts. The use of enzymes in wastewater treatment appears as an effective and sustainable alternative. For instance, oxidoreductases, lipases, and proteases catalyze at mild conditions and could split pharmaceutical complex pollutants into less harmful forms. Enzymatic processes are friendly to the environment and may minimize the creation of toxic byproducts. An illustration is cases that have indicated successful pharmaceuticals, such as diclofenac and triclosan, could be degraded using laccase. Some technical difficulties in the process need to be overcome: complex techniques of enzyme immobilization, for instance, and high setup costs.
Green Marketing and Greenwashing Effects on Consumer Purchase of Electric Cars
Authors: Li Sisi , Saleh Mohamad Saifudin Mohamad , Huang Miao
Published: January 2025

China promotes electric cars as an effective solution to environmental problems. In this context, green marketing and greenwashing are considered to be important factors that influence consumers to purchase electric cars. Based on the signalling theory, this study analyses the role of consumer trust in the influence of green marketing and greenwashing on consumers' purchase of electric cars and examines the moderating effect of environmental knowledge. 440 electric car owners from Beijing, China participated in a survey, whose results were analysed by the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results show that although green marketing demonstrated a positive impact, greenwashing negatively affected Beijing consumers' trust in electric cars. However, environmental knowledge moderates the relationship between consumer trust and purchasing behaviour of electric car.
A Systematic Review of Challenges in Implementing TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) in Manufacturing Industries: Identifying Essential Skills for Effective TPM Practice
Authors: Jayathilake C. , Fernando K.
Published: January 2025

Today in the competitive manufacturing sector, assuring reliable and efficient equipment performance is essential to achieve optimum production results. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) provides a well-established framework for maximizing equipment efficiency which leading to numerous benefits including enhanced productivity, lower costs, and recognition through awards (TPM Excellence Award). Notwithstanding, effective implementation of TPM presents major challenges in manufacturing industries, which were identified through a systematic review. 17 Studies from various countries (India, Malaysia, Thailand etc.) and industries (heavy machinery, food processing, energy etc.) were included. Objectives of the study include: (1) Identify and categorize the main challenges critical to the success of TPM implementation; (2) Analyze industry experts’ perspectives on how these challenges can be overcome; (3) Provide a skillset for individuals who aspiring to pursue careers in manufacturing that focus on TPM. The main findings underline the gaps between knowledge and skills possessed by employees, improper leadership and management styles among top management, lack of employee engagement and difficulties associated with process implementation which hinder successful deployment of TPM inside organizations. The review shows important TPM-oriented proficiencies for best practice implementation which comprise awareness of TPM pillars and other related concepts, preventative maintenance practices and OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) calculations among others. The study recommends inculcation of these TPM-related skills in professional development programs and their subsequent inclusion in relevant training initiatives to improve effectiveness as TPM practitioners.
Devsecops for Continuous Security in Trading Software Application Development: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dasanayake S. D. L. V. , Senanayake J. , Wijayanayake W. M. J. I.
Published: January 2025

This systematic literature review examined the implementation of DevSecOps for continuous security in financial trading software application development. This review identifies key strategies and security frameworks, analyses cybersecurity threats specific to trading applications, explores secure coding practices, and discusses the transition from DevOps to DevSecOps, focusing on security. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases up to July 9, 2024. The study aimed to identify best practices for integrating security into every phase of the software development process, from initial design to deployment and maintenance. This included automated security testing, continuous monitoring, and incident response strategies tailored for financial trading platforms. The review also delved into the challenges faced by developers in the financial sector, such as compliance with stringent regulatory requirements and the need to protect highly sensitive financial data. Furthermore, it evaluated the effectiveness of current security frameworks in mitigating risks associated with trading software, including common vulnerabilities and attack vectors. The study had limitations, including the exclusive consideration of the most recent threats, potentially overlooking relevant historical data. Additionally, the focus on financial trading applications may limit the generalizability of the findings to other domains. Despite these limitations, the results highlighted the critical importance of incorporating DevSecOps concepts into software development processes to enhance the security and resilience of financial trading systems in an increasingly hostile cyber environment. This research underscores the need for continuous adaptation and improvement in security practices to keep up with evolving threats.
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury: An Under-Recognized Entity
Authors: Kamate Mahesh , Koppad Bhavna , Thanuja Basavanagowda
Published: January 2025

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a less-known neurologic emergency that can be life-threatening. It is a form of extreme autonomic dysregulation leading to multiple episodes of sympathetic hyperactivity. The pathogenesis of this interesting entity is yet to be fully understood. It presents as unexplained tachycardia, hypertension, and sometimes hyperthermia. Poor awareness of this fact leads to unnecessary workup to look for the cause of fever and interventions such as change of antibiotics. If it is not treated adequately, it can even cause complications like arrhythmias that can be fatal at times. PSH secondary to acquired brain injury is better known in adults, but there are scarce reports in children. We describe six cases of PSH in children with acquired brain injury – four secondary to traumatic brain injury and two secondary to neurologic infection (one with bacterial meningitis and the other one with viral meningoencephalitis). PSH can be seen in non-traumatic brain injury cases like meningitis. Due to a lack of awareness about this common but under-recognized entity, it is seldom diagnosed and treated. Early detection and treatment can be life-saving and improve patient outcomes. Earlier onset may be associated with poorer outcomes and mortality.
Early esophageal cancer with mucosal bridging in the resting room: A case report
Authors: Liu Ying-Ling , Liu Jie , Wang Ye-Tao
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Patients diagnosed with esophageal mucosal bridges often experience symptoms such as chest pain and dysphagia, which pose considerable challenges for endoscopic surgical interventions.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a case involving early-stage esophageal cancer discovered in a resting room, notable for the rare manifestation of esophageal mucosal bridging. Following a comprehensive multidisciplinary discussion and the development of a treatment strategy, we proceeded with endoscopic submucosal dissection for the patient. During the procedure, we encountered operational challenges due to the presence of a diverticulum and a partial absence of the muscularis propria. To facilitate the retraction of a portion of the resected specimen, we utilized dental floss. Ultimately, we successfully excised the entire lesion. After a three-day period of fasting with a water-only diet, subsequent iodine water cholangiography did not indicate any perforations, and the patient was advised to transition to a liquid diet. The patient was discharged five days post-operation. A follow-up endoscopy conducted three months later revealed scar-like changes in the mid-esophagus, with the patient reporting no significant discomfort.

CONCLUSION

In summary, although esophageal mucosal bridges are rarely documented, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mechanical dysphagia. Furthermore, endoscopic therapy represents a feasible approach for their management.
Outcomes of bile duct cannulation using a novel contrast-enhanced catheter: A single-center, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kaneko Toru , Kida Mitsuhiro , Kurosu Takahiro , Kitahara Gen , Koyama Shiori , Nomura Nao , Tahara Kumiko , Kusano Chika
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a challenging procedure involving bile duct cannulation. Despite the development of several cannulation devices, none have effectively facilitated the procedure.

AIM

To evaluate the efficacy of a recently developed catheter for bile duct cannulation.

METHODS

We retrospectively examined 342 patients who underwent initial cholangiopancreatography. We compared the success rate of bile duct cannulation and the incidence of complications between the groups using existing and novel catheters.

RESULTS

The overall success rates of bile duct cannulation were 98.3% and 99.1% in the existing and novel catheter groups, respectively (P = 0.47). The bile duct cannulation rate using the standard technique was 73.0% and 82.1% in the existing and novel catheter groups, respectively (P = 0.042). Furthermore, when catheterization was performed by expert physicians, the bile duct cannulation rate was significantly higher in the novel catheter group (81.3%) than in the existing catheter group (65.2%) (P = 0.017). The incidence of difficult cannulation was also significantly lower in the novel catheter group (17.4%) than in the existing catheter group (33.0%) (P = 0.019).

CONCLUSION

The novel catheter improved the bile duct cannulation rate using the standard technique and reduced the frequency of difficult cannulation cases, valuable tool in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures performed by experts.
From the Qing Court to the Museum Vitrine
Authors: Ma Kexin
Published: January 2025

This paper traces the hidden life story of the Yongzheng period (1723–1735) handscroll entitled Guwan tu 古玩圖 (Pictures of Ancient Playthings) from the Victoria and Albert (V&A) Museum, London, with a particular focus on its itinerary after departing from China—a facet often overlooked in contemporary curatorial narratives. Primarily through an examination of the acquisition file housed in the V&A Archive, the paper reveals the network of individuals involved in and beyond the museum who played a role in purchasing the artwork since 1910. Furthermore, the paper delves into the dynamics surrounding the acquisition of artworks from British military officers during the 20th century, exploring the controversies inherent in such acquisitions. In turn, the paper reevaluates the contemporary display of the scroll, which prioritizes the painted subject matter, suggesting a correlation between the display method and the 20th century perception of the scroll as a visual reference for the study of Chinese objects. Through the lens of the scroll, the paper further sheds light on the subjectivity involved in contextualizing “orphaned” objects lost in context in museums. Building upon that, the paper proposes the significance of incorporating the itineraries of objects after they depart from their original findspots into museum narratives, which could offer a fuller understanding of the objects’ identities.