bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF RADIATOR SYSTEM DESIGN USING NUMERICAL MODELLING TECHNIQUES UNDER VARIED CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF BAUCHI
Authors: Safiyanu S. M. , Ejilah R. , Gambo B. A.
Published: January 2025

The optimization of automotive radiator systems is essential for effective heat management in vehicles, particularly in varying climatic conditions. This research focuses on the influence of Bauchi's atmospheric conditions on the performance of a Toyota Corolla 2010 radiator. Utilizing reverse engineering techniques, a detailed model was created using SolidWorks, which was then analyzed through simulations in ANSYS, employing water as the coolant. Data on environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency for the period of January to December. Optimization techniques identified key parameters affecting heat transfer, resulting in an optimal louver angle of 27°, amplitude of 1.57045, and louver pitch of 2.18687. Simulation outcomes indicated that the highest outlet temperature reached 43.50°C at a flow rate of 41 L/min in April, while the lowest was 40.01°C at 8.3 L/min in Bauchi North. Conversely, in Bauchi South, the maximum outlet temperature was 40.98°C at the same flow rate, with a minimum of 37.12°C at 8.33 L/min. These findings bring in to focus the significant impact of local atmospheric conditions on radiator performance, illustrating the complex interaction between environmental variables and the design of cooling systems in automotive engineering.
Effectiveness of Family Support In Antiretroviral Therapy and Complications of HIV/AIDS (Clinical Research at the VCT Polyclinic Gambiran Regional Kediri City Hospital)
Authors: Hayati Anis Khoirin , Indrawati Dwi Wahyu , Fardiaz Dedi , Haryanto Joni , Falah Agus Hayatal
Published: January 2025

HIV/AIDS is a frightening disease for Indonesian society today, so that people with HIV/AIDS often get excessive stigma and discrimination. The design of this study was an observational quantitative study with a cross sectional approach with a research focus directed at analyzing family support and service quality on the utilization of the VCT Poly and compliance of HIV / AIDS patients in undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ARV). at Gambiran Hospital, Kediri City with a sample of 109 respondents taken by Accidental Sampling technique. The results showed that most respondents had sufficient family support, namely 56 respondents (51.4%). Most respondents rated the quality of service in the moderate category as many as 56 respondents (51.4%). Most respondents had moderate utilization as many as 55 respondents (50.5%). Most respondents were not compliant with antiretroviral therapy (ARV), as many as 65 respondents (59.6%). The results of the study using the Path Analysis Test showed a p-value <0.05, so H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted, so it was concluded that there was a significant effect of family support and service quality through the use of VCT Poli on the compliance of HIV / AIDS patients in undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ARV) at Gambiran Hospital, Kediri City. Compliance of HIV / AIDS patients in undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ARV) is influenced by family support, service quality and utilization in the VCT Poly itself. So that patients need to be given good support and improve the quality of services available at the VCT Poly.
After agents
Authors: Csefalvay Chris von
Published: January 2025

When he first began his excavations at what is today Hisarlik in modern-day Türkiye, he set out to find a single city – the city of Homer’s Iliad, a city many actually felt lay in the realms of fiction rather than any map Schliemann could lay his hands on. By the time excavations were over, Schliemann would find not one but nine cities, all built on top of each other.

1

In that, he found something relatively common – cities built on
Deontological principles of the value worldview formation in students of socio-nomic professions
Authors: Savytska Inna , Sopivnyk Ruslan , Bloshchynskyi Ihor , Moroz Oleh , Marusiak Vasyl , Miroshnichenko Anatoliy , Poliuk Viktor
Published: January 2025

The pedagogical conditions for the formation of the value worldview of the students of socio-nomic professions were determined on deontological grounds and their effectiveness have been experimentally verified in the article. In order to accomplish this goal, the empirical (observation, conversation, testing, questionnaire survey, analysis of activity results, document analysis, self-evaluation) and experimental (comparison of self-evaluation with teacher control evaluation, verbal-practical situations) research methods, socio-metric method, statistical data processing method have been used.The orientation of the deontology of the life sciences to ensure a highly humane, decent attitude of representatives of socio-nomic professions towards man as a central figure of society was clarified. Worldview is understood by the authors as a systematized complex of ideas, assessments, and attitudes that provide a holistic vision and understanding of the world and a person's place in it with his life positions, programs that contribute to his/her active actions. Attention was focused on the combination of the intellectual-mental component with the sensory-emotional component in the structure of the value worldview. Therefore, it contains a call to action, which gives it persuasiveness. The authors followed didactic regularities, in particular general (regularities of goal definition, the content of the formation of a value worldview and the content of the educational process of universities of life sciences) and partial (content-procedural, epistemological, psychological, sociological, organizational). The following pedagogical conditions for the formation of the value worldview of students of socio-nomic professions on deontological grounds: integration of the interdisciplinary potential of life sciences disciplines; taking into account an individual approach in the formation of the value worldview of students; development of deontological aspects of the value outlook of scientific and pedagogical staff of universities of life sciences have been defined. The effectiveness of these pedagogical conditions was tested during a formative experiment.
Qualitative exploration in mainstreaming classroom inclusivity through the lenses of anti-bias education (ABE)
Authors: B. Gelizon Mary Joy
Published: January 2025

Inclusive education ensures that every learner has access to a supportive and responsive learning environment, where their unique needs are recognized and addressed. By embracing diversity, inclusive education encourages a sense of belonging, self-worth, and social cohesion among the stakeholders. However, Philippine basic education is lagging when it comes to implementing inclusive education. Hence, this paper explored the context of mainstreaming classroom inclusivity through the lenses of Anti-bias Education (ABE). Elementary teachers (n=16) were purposively sampled to be interviewed about their experiences in mainstreaming inclusive classrooms. Narratives were extracted from transcripts and labeled as reflexive themes. Findings indicated that a strong professional identity rooted in care, empathy, and respect for diversity enables teachers to advocate for inclusive practices. Teachers with a well-defined sense of identity are more likely to challenge biases, encourage respect for differences, and create positive learning experiences for students with special needs. Instructional strategies used by teachers in inclusive settings are shaped by their identity and perceptions of what works best for students. These strategies include differentiated instruction, individualized support, and the use of adaptive teaching methods to meet different learning needs, including personalized learning plans, flexible grouping, and project-based learning to ensure all students can engage meaningfully with the learning content. Teachers who perceive inclusive education positively tend to be more open to embracing new teaching strategies, seek additional resources, and actively engage with students with special needs. However, challenges such as inadequate training, limited resources, and large class sizes can lead to feelings of frustration among teachers, especially if they feel unsupported. Conversely, when teachers perceive institutional support, such as ongoing professional development and encouragement from school leadership, they are more likely to adopt inclusive practices and feel empowered to support their students effectively. Nurturing a teacher’s identity, equipping them with effective strategies, providing strong support, and shaping their perceptions of inclusion are profound for policymakers and school administrators. From the core of ABE, these elements contribute to a more inclusive, equitable, and supportive educational environment for students with special needs.
Análisis de viscosidad dinámica de aceite vegetal reciclado para su uso como combustible en un motor a diésel.
Authors: Moya Palacios Katherine Alejandra , Ayala Freire Patricio Fernando , Villalba Moya Elvis Danilo , Valverde Erazo Fabián Alejandro
Published: January 2025

El artículo "Análisis de viscosidad dinámica de aceite vegetal reciclado para su uso como combustible en un motor a diésel" analiza la viabilidad del aceite vegetal reciclado como combustible alternativo. El estudio incluye mediciones de viscosidad dinámica de diversas muestras: diésel, aceite vegetal reciclado filtrado, aceite reciclado sin filtrar con residuos de grasa animal, una mezcla 50/50 de aceite reciclado filtrado y diésel, y aceite vegetal nuevo. Las pruebas se realizaron a temperaturas que van desde ambiente hasta 100 °C (30, 40, 60, 80 y 100 °C). Los resultados muestran que el aceite reciclado puede alcanzar una viscosidad de aproximadamente 13.5 cP a temperaturas elevadas, acercándose a los 7.7 cP del diésel. Esto indica que la viscosidad del aceite reciclado puede ser ajustada térmicamente para cumplir con los requisitos de los motores diésel, mejorando así el rendimiento de la combustión. También se observó que el aceite reciclado filtrado presenta una viscosidad significativamente menor que el no filtrado, que contiene residuos de grasa animal, lo que resalta la importancia de la filtración para optimizar sus propiedades viscosimétricas. En conclusión, el aceite vegetal reciclado, siempre que se regule su viscosidad mediante control térmico y se garantice una filtración adecuada, es una alternativa técnica viable al combustible convencional. Este enfoque ofrece una solución sostenible y económica, promoviendo el aprovechamiento de combustibles reciclados frente al diésel tradicional.
ESTUDIO DEL COMPORTAMIENTO DINÁMICO DE LOS CIRCUITOS MEMRISTIVOS Y SU SINCRONIZACIÓN A TRAVÉS DE LA SIMULACIÓN NUMÉRICA USANDO PYTHON
Authors: Ilbay Paca Juan , Rentería Bustamante Leonardo
Published: January 2025

Este estudio investiga el comportamiento dinámico y las propiedades de sincronización de los circuitos memristivos mediante simulaciones numéricas utilizando Python. Los circuitos memristivos, conocidos por sus características no lineales y dependientes de la memoria, son de gran interés para aplicaciones en computación neuromórfica y comunicaciones seguras. La investigación empleó modelos matemáticos de memristores y utilizó las bibliotecas computacionales de Python para simular la dinámica de los circuitos y analizar los mecanismos de sincronización en sistemas acoplados. La metodología incluyó la construcción de modelos basados en ecuaciones diferenciales, su resolución numérica mediante el método de Runge-Kutta y la visualización de los resultados. Se observaron y analizaron comportamientos clave, como oscilaciones periódicas y estados caóticos, y se estudiaron las propiedades de sincronización simulando circuitos acoplados. Se exploraron tres modelos representativos: Chua-Stanford, Memductor y un modelo experimental basado en Chua. Los resultados indican que los memristores inducen un comportamiento de histéresis que amplifica la complejidad dinámica y facilita la sincronización de sistemas inicialmente no sincronizados a través de un factor de acoplamiento. Con el tiempo, los circuitos evolucionan hacia un comportamiento coherente, demostrando cómo el caos puede ser controlado y sincronizado. Finalmente, este estudio demuestra la utilidad de las simulaciones basadas en Python para avanzar en la comprensión del comportamiento de los circuitos memristivos y sus posibles aplicaciones en sistemas electrónicos y computacionales.
Assessing Affirmative Action Practices in Nepal’s Federal Civil Service: Current Achievements and Future Reform Needs
Authors: Bhul Baburam
Published: January 2025

Nepal has implemented an affirmative action policy in the federal civil service since 2007 to address historical injustices and inequalities and promote the representation of marginalized people, such as women, ethnic minorities, and underprivileged castes, in public sector employment. This move has contributed to empowering disadvantaged people, mainstreaming minorities, and promoting social justice by strengthening inclusion within the bureaucratic structure. A qualitative research methodology is applied to perform a scoping review of 87 scholarly articles and a media review of 45 news articles to reveal the reasons behind the reforms made by policy enterprises in Nepal. The findings scrutinize both the constructive and critical facets of affirmative action practices in Nepal’s public service from 2007 to 2024. Besides some positive results leading to cultural competencies, such as the increased representation of women, Dalits, and ethnic minorities, there are still substantial inequalities in equal opportunities for empowerment and active participation in decision-making processes. The main reasons for such negative situations are complex social, ideological, and legal barriers, narrow-minded and deeply established prejudices, the lack of sufficient financial and human resources to undertake the programs, patriarchal organizational culture, and ultimately inadequate political commitment. The paper recommends continued reforms, timely review, preventing elite capture, adaptation to changing needs, a focus on the inadequate representation of marginalized groups, and the promotion of affirmative action policies that will result in the ending of these hurdles and, eventually, a more representative and all-inclusive Nepalese civil service.
ANÁLISE DOS COEFICIENTES TÉRMICOS DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS BIFACIAIS UTILIZANDO SIMULADOR SOLAR E ILUMINAÇÃO NATURAL
Authors: Deckmann Indhirha , Hartmann Mozetic Júlia , Schuck de Oliveira Fernando , Vasconcelos Ellwanger Thiago , Moraes Führ Ingrid , Krenzinger Arno , Perin Gasparin Fabiano
Published: January 2025

A conversão de energia solar pelos módulos fotovoltaicos é dependente da radiação solar, da posição geográfica, das condições climáticas, temperatura local entre outros fatores sendo que essas variáveis influenciam diretamente o desempenho dos módulos fotovoltaicos. Dentre os fatores que influenciam este desempenho, os coeficientes térmicos (CT) têm papel importante, visto que representam a variação dos parâmetros dos módulos fotovoltaicos em função da temperatura. Para este trabalho foi selecionado um módulo bifacial para fazer a comparação dos coeficientes térmicos determinados pelos métodos indoor e outdoor. No procedimento outdoor o módulo foi caracterizado em um dia de céu limpo e com irradiância solar superior a 900 W/m2. No procedimento indoor foi confeccionado uma câmara termostática e utilizado o simulador SunSim 3c, da empresa suíça Pasan, a fim de determinar os coeficientes na faixa de operação dos módulos de 25 a 65 °C com irradiância de 1000 W/m². Em cada método foram determinados os coeficientes α, β e γ. Há uma diferença mensurável entre os valores dos coeficientes térmicos entre as medidas indoor e outdoor, sendo que as curvas obtidas utilizando a iluminação natural foram corrigidas para irradiação STC.  Como apresentado no trabalho, com os ensaios realizados foi possível obter retas de regressão com coeficiente de determinação maiores que 0,99 em praticamente todos os casos, tornando os resultados satisfatórios. O trabalho apresentado possibilitou o aperfeiçoamento e a difusão da metodologia para a comparação de medições dos coeficientes térmicos em simulador solar e iluminação natural, procedimentos essenciais na caraterização dos dispositivos fotovoltaicos. Pesquisas futuras podem abordar o comportamento dos coeficientes térmicos em mais detalhes e ajudar a melhorar a metodologia para a obtenção destes coeficientes de modo mais preciso, dado a sua importância na caracterização dos módulos fotovoltaicos.
Analisis Penerapan Tri Hita Karana Di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan
Authors: Ni Made Putri Dwi Apriliani  , I Wayan Suja  , Ida Bagus Putu Arnyana
Published: January 2025

Penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti ini berlatar belakang dari sikap keseharian siswa di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  penerapan sikap siswa sehari-hari  di sekolah terkait dengan ajaran Tri Hita Karana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersumber dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka yang dilaksanakan peneliti di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan pemaparan data dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan adalah masih kurangnya penerapan ajaran Tri Hita Karana dalam sikap sehari-hari siswa baik itu dalam ajaran parahyangan, pawongan, dan palemahan, hal ini dibuktikan dari pengamatan dan wawancara yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan yang ditemukan, diharapkan penelitian ini bisa dijadikan referensi untuk meningkatkan penerapan ajaran Tri Hita Karana di SD Negeri 5 Pejarakan.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MEA (MEANS-ENDS ANALYSIS) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MENGONTROL KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN ANALITIS
Authors: Trisna jayantika I Gusti Agung Ngurah
Published: January 2025

Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) terhadap hasil belajar matematika dengan mengontrol kemampuan penalaran analitis. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian eksperimen semu (QuasiExperiment) dengan desain The Non Equivalen Posttest Only Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Sukawati yang terdiri dari 8 kelas (292 peserta didik). Dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling akan didapatkan 2 kelas yang terdiri dari kelas XI MIPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIPA 3 sebagai kelas kontrol. Data tentang hasil belajar diperoleh menggunakan tes hasil belajar matematika dan data kemampuan penalaran analitis diperoleh menggunakan tes kemampuan penalaran analitis. Pengujian analitis pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji ANAKOVA. Berdasarkan hasil analitis data menunjukkan, 1) terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar matematika antara peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran MEA dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional, 2) terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar matematika antara peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran MEA dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional setelah diadakan pengendalian kemampuan penalaran analitis, sehingga dapat disempulkan terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran MEA terhadap hasil belajar matematika dengan mengontrol kemampuan penalaran analitis peserta didik.
Analisis Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Mahasiswa dalam Penyelesaian Masalah ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar
Authors: Erawati Ni Ketut , Putri Ni Wayan Suardiati
Published: January 2025

Pembelajaran matematika identik dengan pemecahan masalah yang tidak terlepas dari komunikasi matematis yang memerlukan keterampilan membaca, mendengarkan kemudian menulis, dan berbicara. Keterampilan tersebut berkaitan dengan gaya belajar individu dalam belajar matematika. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kemampuan komunikasi matematis mahasiswa ditinjau dari gaya belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di IKIP PGRI Bali dengan subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester IVA tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling yang memilih 2 mahasiswa dalam setiap kelompok. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes gaya belajar dan tes komunikasi matematis. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 5 mahasiswa memiliki kecenderungan dengan gaya belajar visual, 3 mahasiswa dengan gaya belajar kinestetik dan dua orang cenderung campuran. Berdasarkan pengelompokkan gaya belajar, menunjukkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis mahasiswa tidak bergantung pada gaya belajar yang dimiliki. Pada individu dengan gaya belajar visual maupun kinestetik memiliki kelemahan yang sama yaitu ketelitian dalam melakukan perhitungan matematika dan menyelesaikan masalah yang ditampilkan dengan diagram. Sedangkan untuk penyelesaian masalah yang diberikan dalam bentuk cerita dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu untuk memperoleh kemampuan komunikasi matematis yang baik harus didasarkan pada pemahaman konsep, simbol dan ketelitian dalam bermatematika.
PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MEANS-ENDS ANALYSIS (MEA) DENGAN MENGONTROL ADVERSITY QUOTIENT
Authors: Sunita Ni Wayan
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemahaman konsep matematika melalui model pembelajaran Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) dengan mengontrol adversity quotient. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas X MIPA SMA PGRI 2 Denpasar. Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimen semu dengan desain The Non Equivalen Posttest Only Control Group Design, melibatkan sampel sebanyak 68 orang peserta didik yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran, variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini berupa pemahaman konsep matematika dan variabel kontrol adalah adversity quotient. Instrumen penelitian yaitu tes pemahaman konsep matematika dan kuesioner adversity quotient . Analisis data menggunakan t-test dan ANAKOVA satu jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) bahwa terdapat perbedaan pemahaman konsep matematika antara peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran MEA dengan yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional, 2) bahwa terdapat perbedaan pemahaman konsep matematika antara peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran MEA dengan yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional setelah dikontrol adversity quotient
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik di Kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Utara
Authors: Dyah Maharani  , I Gusti Agung Ngurah Trisna Jayantika
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick. Desain penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus dengan subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik di kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Utara sebanyak 45 peserta didik pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Tahapan penelitian pada setiap siklusnya terdiri dari perencanan (planning), pelaksanaan Tindakan (action), pengamatan tindakan (observation), dan refleksi (reflection). Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu soal-soal pada post-test untuk mengetahui hasil belajar matematika peserta didik. Pada pra siklus rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik adalah 60,5 dengan 9 orang (20%) yang tuntas dan 36 orang (80%) peserta didik yang belum tuntas. Pada siklus I, rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik adalah 74,89 dengan 24 orang (53,33%) yang sudah tuntas dan 21 orang (46,67%) yang belum tuntas. Pada siklus II, rata-rata hasil belajar adalah 82,78 dengan 35 orang (77,78%) yang sudah tuntas dan 10 orang (22,22%) yang belum tuntas. Sehingga penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di kelas XI MIPA 3, dengan peningkatan hasil belajar yang terjadi dari pra-siklus ke siklus I adalah 33,33% dan siklus I ke siklus II adalah 24,44%.
PENGEMBANGAN PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK MATEMATIKA BERBASIS MODEL PEMECAHAN MASALAH KELAS VIII SMP PADA MATERI STATISTIKA
Authors: Muliadewi Kevin Renata , I Wayan Widana  , I Made Surat
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan E-Book matematika berbasis model pemecahan masalah pada materi statistika untuk kelas VIII SMP. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari 2 validator, kemudian terdapat guru mata pelajaran matematika, serta peserta didik kelas VIII A, VIII B dan VIII C. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yakni menggunakan angket validitas untuk uji validitas, angket respon guru dan angket respon peserta didik untuk uji kepraktisan, serta tes untuk uji keefektifan. Hasil analisis data kevalidan 81% untuk validator ahli media dan untuk validator ahli materi 84% sehingga dapat dikategorikan valid. Hasil analisis data kepraktisan saat uji coba lapangan 2 sebesar 93% untuk angket respon guru serta 91% untuk angket respon peserta didik, sehingga dapat dikategorikan sangat praktis. Hasil analisis data keefektifan 91% diperoleh dari hasil tes peserta didik dengan nilai di atas KKM yaitu 70 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-Book matematika “sangat efektif”. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-Book yang dihasilkan valid, praktis, dan efektif.
Utilizing sorbitol to improve properties of cellulose-based biodegradable hydrogels
Authors: Adler Samuel , St Clair Tyler , Conklin-Kearney Kristen
Published: January 2025

Hydrogels are commonly used in medicine, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. Hydrogels absorb water by swelling and re-release this water by diffusion. Therefore, hydrogels that can absorb more water will be more useful in these applications. This study sought to synthesize a biodegradable, cellulose-based hydrogel that is more effective at absorbing and re-releasing water than those produced by current methods. We prepared crosslinkers with the ratios of moles citric acid (CA) to moles sorbitol (S) ranging from 1:6 to 90:1. We selected three crosslinkers (3:1, 10:1, and 54:1) to produce hydrogels with carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose. We tested the compressive strength of both the dry and swollen gels and the tensile strength of the swollen gels to elucidate the gel structure. We hypothesized that a 10:1 ratio of CA to S would produce the most effective hydrogel. We compared the swelling ratios to a gel crosslinked solely with CA. 3:1 gels aided in soil moisture retention the most, revealing that a 3:1 ratio of CA to S produces the most effective gels for water absorption and re-release. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra demonstrated that gel production was successful and that functional groups were the same across all ratios. S improved the properties of hydrogels with different ratios necessary to maximize various parameters. These new hydrogels will be able to better improve plant survival in drought conditions, deliver drugs directly to tissues that need them, and prevent brain injury when applied to helmets.
Prevalence, Patterns and Factors Associated with Dyslipidemia Among Adult Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Mohamud Muktar Hassan , Abdi Awil Abdulkadir , Hirsi Abishir Mohamud , Nur Ibrahim Ahmed , Peris Alina
Published: January 2025

Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and is responsible for an estimated 2.6 million deaths annually. Hypertensive patients often suffer from dyslipidemia, which can lead to complications such as ischemic heart disease and stroke. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidemia among adult hypertensive patients admitted to Lira Regional Referral Hospital (LRRH) in Uganda. This cross-sectional study, conducted over three months at Lira Regional Referral Hospital (LRRH), involved 431 patients. Medical examinations and histories were recorded, and blood samples were analyzed to measure high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). Dyslipidemia was defined by any of the following: TC ≥200 mg/dL, TG ≥150 mg/dL, HDL-C < 40 mg/dL, or LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression in SPSS version 26 to identify associated factors. A total of 431 patients were included in the study, with the majority being females over 65 years of age (mean age = 64.7, SD = 8.8 years). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 48.3% (208) (95% CI = 43.2-52.9%). High LDL levels were observed in 24.4% (105), high TC in 22.5% (97), high TG in 20.0% (86), and low HDL in 20.0% (86 patients). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with elevated blood pressure, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension had 1.350 (aOR = 1.350, CI = 1.194-1.525, P < 0.001), 1.290 (aOR = 1.290, CI = 1.123-1.482, P < 0.001), and 1.302 (aOR = 1.302, CI = 1.077-1.576, P = 0.007) times higher odds of having dyslipidemia, respectively. Additionally, dyslipidemia was 1.414 times more common (aOR = 1.414, CI = 1.280-1.561, P < 0.001) among current or former smokers and 1.493 times more common (aOR = 1.493, CI = 1.372-1.625, P < 0.001) in patients with diabetes mellitus. The findings highlight a high prevalence of dyslipidemia, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Enhancing patient education on antihypertensive therapy adherence and increasing efforts to discourage smoking are crucial steps to reduce the burden of dyslipidemia in hypertensive populations.
Determinants of Birth Spacing Practice Among Parous Mothers
Authors: Harold Isaac , Amaechi Joy Chinonyerem , Ajie Pearl Chikasilamobu , Harold Aniekan Isaac
Published: January 2025

Birth spacing is the interval between a live birth and a subsequent pregnancy, which is recommended to be at least two years. This study aimed to identify the determinants of birth spacing practices among parous mothers attending antenatal clinics in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 parous mothers aged 15–49 in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, from June to October 2024. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select the respondents, and data were collected using a semi-structured, interviewer-assisted questionnaire. Frequency tables were generated, and a binary logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of birth spacing practices at a 5% significance level. The respondents’ mean age was 35.2 ± 3.9 years. The prevalence of birth spacing practice was 36.6%, with condoms (13.7%) being the most commonly used contraceptive method. Determinants such as attaining secondary education (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 3.6–11.8; P = 0.00), tertiary education (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 2.6–7.6; P = 0.00), employment status (OR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.4–4.1 ; P = 0.00), knowledge of birth spacing (two-year interval (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.6–7.4; P = 0.00), knowledge of the benefits of birth spacing (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 3.7–46.4 P = 0.00), and spouse consent (OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 2.5–5.8; P = 0.00) significantly contributed to the practice of birth spacing among parous mothers.
ANALISIS PENGARUH GAYA HIDUP GEN Z TERHADAP TATA KELOLA KEUANGAN PRIBADINYA
Authors: Maulana Muhamad Chandra , Hatimatunnisani Hani , Oktapiani Syarah , Fitria Zaharah Mela , De Keizer Hendriady
Published: January 2025

"Gen Z", atau Generasi Z, umumnya adalah kelompok yang lahir antara akhir tahun 1997 hingga 2012. Generasi ini tumbuh dengan internet dan teknologi digital, yang membedakannya dari generasi sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana gaya hidup generasi Z berpengaruh dalam mengelola keuangan pribadi. Metode kuantitatif dengan regresi dan korelasi sederhana digunakan dalam analisis ini untuk mengukur hubungan statistik antara gaya hidup Gen Z dan tata kelola keuangan pribadi. Sebuah survei pada 100 orang Gen Z digunakan sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil dari analisis yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa gaya hidup Gen Z tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tata kelola keuangan pribadinya. Namun hasil korelasi yang positif menunjukan bahwa adanya gaya hidup Gen Z yang bersifat positif akan berpengaruh terhadap tata kelola keuangan pribadi menjadi lebih baik.
Optimalisasi Pengendalian Kualitas Bahan Baku Pakan Ternak Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Logic Mamdani
Authors: Priatna Alifiya Meiliza Putri , Rizkyta Adhyra Puti , Pamungkas Genta Yoga , Ramadhan Gilang , Kurnia Ryan Ridha , Suhendi Irawan S.Tr.Log, M.Sc
Published: January 2025

Quality control of raw materials in animal feed production is critical for ensuring the quality of the final product and maintaining operational cost efficiency. Substandard raw materials can lead to diminished nutritional value in animal feed and price fluctuations, ultimately threatening the sustainability customer satisfaction. This study aims to enhance the quality control of raw materials by utilizing the Fuzzy Logic Mamdani method, which assesses the relationship between input and output variables through 27 fuzzy rules. The defuzzification process employed the centroid approach, revealing that the room temperature was 15°C (moderate), the delivery time was 4 days (moderate), and the storage duration was 15 days (moderate). This combination resulted in a moisture content level of 15% (moderate). The findings of this study indicate that these 3 variables significantly influence moisture content, providing a valuable reference for controlling the quality of feed raw materials PT SJG.
Bulgaria as a part of the world’s poultry genetic resources – Bulgarian chicken breeds
Authors: Pavlova Ivelina
Published: January 2025

Today, only a few major chicken breeds are used in industrial poultry farming, which leads to a considerable reduction in the genetic diversity of the domestic chicken in the world. This trend is also affecting rural poultry farming. On the other hand, there is exhibition and ornamental poultry breeding, where productivity is not so important. Amateur poultry breeders play an important role in maintaining genetic diversity in domestic birds, especially in domestic chickens. In Bulgaria there are 10 known chicken breeds, two of which are recognized by the state institutions (Black Shumen and Stara Zagora Red Chicken) and the others are recognized or in the process of recognition by the Union of Fanciers and Small Domestic Animal Breeders in Bulgaria, which is a part of the Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture (EE). Depending on the presence or absence of dwarfism, the breeds can be divided into standard (Black Shumen Chicken, Stara Zagora Red Chicken, Katunitsa Chicken, Struma Chicken, Rhodope Painted Chicken, Southwest Bulgarian Chicken, and Bulgarian Longcrower) and miniature (Bregovska Dzhinka, Struma Bantam, and Southwest Bulgarian Dzhinka) ones. The breeds with attractive appearance have higher populations compared to the productive breeds, which are at risk of extinction.
Cryopreserved Sperm Quality in Tsigai Sheep: Implications for Biodiversity Protection
Authors: Chrenek Peter
Published: January 2025

The objective of our research was to conduct a comparative analysis of cryopreserved sperm quality parameters of Tsigai (TS) sheep breed. Ejaculates (n=12) from TS sheep rams (n = 2) were collected using electro-ejaculation. Samples were prepared from suitable ejaculates, ensuring at least 70% progressive motility. These samples were then equilibrated in Triladyl® diluent and subjected to automated freezing. Before freezing and after thawing, the sperm samples underwent assessments including motility (CASA), viability and apoptosis (DRAQ7/Yo-Pro-1), mitochondrial activity (MitoTracker), capacitation status (FLUO4), and acrosomal status (PNA). The results revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) in total motility between fresh (91.25±0.80 %) and frozen/thawed (F/T) (41.14±12.04 %) samples, as well as progressive motility between fresh (89.83±1.85 %) and frozen/thawed (33.57±8.25 %) groups. Moreover, significant differences (P<0.05) were also observed in the proportion of apoptotic spermatozoa (2.26±0.60 %), dead (7.40±1.72 %), and mitochondrial active spermatozoa (84.52±5.60 %) in fresh samples compared to F/T samples (12.34±0.80 %, 46.59±2.82 %, 47.71±4.04 %). Our findings indicate that the selected cryopreservation protocol is relatively sufficient for the cryoconservation of sperm from Tsigai sheep breeds, since up to 50% of F/T sperm were motile and live. This has significant implications for biodiversity protection and simplifies the establishment of an animal genetic resources gene bank.
Results of an expedition survey on population of rare, aboriginal, local and endangered Brown Carpathian cows
Authors: Terpai Vaszily
Published: January 2025

From the expedition survey of the cow’s population, it appears that 7 breeds and genotypes of cattle are bred in Transcarpathia, part of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The materials presented in the work and their analysis show that during the years 1911-2023 there were changes in the breed composition and numbers. The state of distribution, the number of breeding stock of one of them - a rare, aboriginal, local and disappearing brown Carpathian breed is currently insufficiently studied. From a scientific point of view it represents a valuable object of preserving the biological diversity of cattle and establishing the history of the development of cattle breeding. From a practical point of view - with low-cost production technologies, it provides high-quality milk and meat to the local population, the stability of ecosystems and the biosphere as a whole. It provides also the sustainable development of the regional communities and international cooperation. In the current and future global warming and energy crisis, this breed is suitable for operation under the conditions of application of new "Green Architecture" technologies recommended by the European Commission, which fundamentally change traditional approaches in dairy farming. The results of our research will help clarify the status of the brown Carpathian breed, the number of cows and the breeding area as well as draw attention to the problems of implementation of the provided protection and conservation measures, their financing mechanisms.
Analysis of the effectiveness of teaching materials: a study of the appropriateness of terms to the age and linguistic development of students
Authors: Zhunis Kuralay , Zharkymbayeva Zhanar , Omarov Saiat
Published: January 2025

The study is relevant because it addresses the need to improve the quality of school textbooks in natural and mathematical subjects. Modern textbooks often contain ambiguous or vague definitions of terms, which makes it difficult for students to understand them and negatively affects the educational process. The problem of systematization and standardization of the conceptual and terminological apparatus in school textbooks has become especially urgent in the conditions of the transition to the updated content of education. The purpose of the study is to assess the appropriateness of terms in textbooks with the age and linguistic requirements of students and to identify the main problems and patterns associated with the use of terminology. The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey among teachers of natural-mathematical subjects, conducts a statistical analysis of the collected data, and develops recommendations to improve the systematization and unification of terminology in textbooks. The study includes a correlation and cluster analysis of the data conducted among teachers. The focus is on identifying problems with terminology in textbooks, understanding the relationship between responses to various questions, and identifying groups with similar perceptions.
VALORISATION VIA NANOFILTRATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT RESIDUAL WATER FROM INDUSTRIAL HYDRODISTILLATION OF ROSA DAMASCENA MILL. PETALS
Authors: Stoyanova Yoana , Lazarova-Zdravkova Nevena , Peshev Dimitar
Published: January 2025

The essential oil produced from R. damascena petals is one of the most valuable and important base materials in the flavour and fragrance industry. For each ton of processed rose flowers, less than 0.5 kg of essential oil and about 4 tons of residual water is generated. Due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds in the latter, its uncontrolled disposal has an adverse effect on the ecological balance. Moreover, valuable substances with biological activity are lost. The possibility to recover by nanofiltration a refined polyphenolic fraction, composed primarily of flavonoids, their glycosides and polyphenolic acids, contained in the waste residual water was demonstrated in the present work. The nanofiltrations were carried out with DL (Veolia) and NP030 (Mycrodin Nadir) commercial nanofiltration membranes. The DL membrane was proposed for process design due to its lower susceptibility to fouling by the target solutes. The experimentally determined membrane permeance for the DL membrane ranged from 1.8 to 0.5 LMH bar-1 during batch concentration at an operating pressure of 10 bar and degree of feed volume reduction in the range from 1 to 2. Since the target compounds are well known antioxidants, their concentrations in the studied materials were evaluated in terms of global antioxidant activity. The retentates were up to 2.00 times more potent antioxidants compared to the feed solutions. The experimentally determined membrane rejection coefficients for both membranes with respect to global antioxidant activity were in agreement with theoretically predicted values reported in a previous study, indicating efficient membrane fractionation.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF NON-STATIONARY THERMAL STATE OF THE PROCESSED METAL DURING ITS LASER HARDENING
Authors: Naprimerova Elena , Yachikov Igor , Latfulina Yuliya , Samodurova Marina , Trofimov Evgeny , Lezhnev Sergey , Efremov Sergey , Panin Evgeniy
Published: January 2025

Laser hardening is used for surface hardening of wear parts. Laser equipment is suitable for hardening small and geometrically complex elements. The hardening depth is 0.1 - 1.5 mm. Experimental studies using the robot KUKA KR120 have shown that the process of laser hardening does not always lead to positive results under certain conditions of parts processing, so there is a need to create a calculation base for rational choice of parameters of the process. On the basis of the considered assumptions and limitations, a mathematical model is formulated, which is a boundary value problem for calculating the unsteady thermal state of a metal plate and determining the depth of its heating and possible penetration when the laser beam moves along its surface. A numerical algorithm is proposed that allows to approximate solve the boundary value problem of the plate warm state, to determine the depth of the hardened layer and rational parameters of metal cooling. The calculation of non-stationary temperature fields in a 40X steel plate when exposed to a laser beam with two modes of cooling it with water is shown. The depth of metal penetration and the depth of its hardening are determined.
STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF MONTMORILLONITE-SURFACTANT SYSTEMS: INFLUENCE OF SURFACTANT PACKING DENSITY AND MONTMORILLONITE SURFACE NATURE
Authors: Seitnazarova Oksana , Kalbaev Alisher , Mamataliev Nozim , Abdikamalova Aziza , Najimova Nursulu
Published: January 2025

This study presents sorption investigations of complexes formed by dihexadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DHDAB) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMAB) with montmorillonite, revealing the high affinity of these complexes for the interlayer space of clay. The intercalation process involves several stages, including initial rapid saturation, the formation of saturation plateaus, and subsequent super-equivalent sorption linked to the development of multi-layered structures or micelle-like formations on the surface of clay plates. This sorption mechanism is similar for various cationic surfactants.DHDAB, with two alkyl chains, exhibits a more complex intercalation dynamic compared to HDTMAB, which has only one chain, and shows higher saturation efficiency at early stages. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of montmorillonite influences the intercalation process, with clays possessing lower CEC having fewer available sites for intercalation.Adsorption of different amounts of surfactants results in crystalline structures with varying interlayer distances. The saturation level of exchangeable cations (n) influences the interplanar distance, and increasing n leads to a reduction in the specific surface area of montmorillonite samples. The adsorption efficiency of methylene blue on montmorillonites depends on their cation exchange capacity, structure, and degree of surfactant saturation. However, excessive saturation may lead to decreased efficiency due to the blocking of interlayer space. These findings are significant for the development and optimization of montmorillonite-based materials for environmental sorption and purification.
ENHANCING SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF AA2024-T3 AIRCRAFT ALLOY THROUGH SYNERGISTIC ANODIZATION AND CERIUM CONVERSION COATING. PART II: MODIFICATION OF SURFACE PROPERTIES AND TOPOLOGY
Authors: Portolesi Stefania , Kozhukharov Stephan , Girginov Christian , Lilova Vanya , Petkov Plamen
Published: January 2025

The present research is dedicated to the systematic characterization of the surface characteristics of AA2024-T3 specimens, after the formation of Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO) layer, deposition of a Ceruim Conversion Coating (CeCC) and combination of these methods. The latter procedure was performed at two temperatures (20°C and 50°C). The investigations comprised combined AAO/CeCC coating primers, as well. All the obtained protective layers were subjected to systematic evaluations for determination of their colour characteristics, wettability and topology. The latter, including the layer thickness, was observed by both Optical Metallographic (OMM) and Scanning Electron (SEM) Microscopy. The outcome analysis of this study provides an additional contribution to the contemporary discussion on the formation of combined AAO/CeCC coating primers.
ABSORPTION OIL FOR COKE OVEN GAS PURIFICATION
Authors: Miroshnichenko Denis , Bannikov Leonid , Bannikov Artem , Nesterenko Sergiy , Cheshko Fedir , Kravchenko Sergiy
Published: January 2025

Coke gas is a valuable fuel for metallurgical plants and a promising energy technology raw material, particularly for hydrogen energy. Absorption oil is used for gas purification, its prevention from thickening is an important task, so it is necessary to clarify the factors and mechanism of oil density increase in the process of its operation. For this purpose, the similarity and difference of products of oil polymerization in factory conditions with artificial polymerization of a separate fraction were established. Petrographic studies have shown that oil deposits in industrial equipment are represented by polymer-like material (94 %) with inclusions of coal particles (4 %). The results of infrared (IR) spectroscopy indicate certain similarities in the structure of substances and the presence of functional groups, which gives reason to believe that oligomerization products of absorbing oil components are present in the polymers of the benzene compartment, in the solid sediments and in the artificially obtained indene coumarone resin. It is shown that ammonia promotes the separation of ferrocyanide precipitates from the absorbing oil.