bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The future of travel
Authors: Hudson Dr Simon
Published: June 2020

Most experts would agree that recovery from the COVID-19 crisis will be slow (see Figure 6.2), in large part due to the impact that the crisis has had on the global travel and tourism industry (Romei, 2020). Until there is vaccine, the virus will influence nearly every sector of travel from transportation, destination and resorts, to the accommodations, attractions, events and restaurants. The first section of this chapter looks at the future for these different sectors, a future heavily influenced by technology and a heightened emphasis on health and safety. The second part of the chapter focuses on a theme that has been prevalent in this book – the need for adaptability or ‘COVID-aptability’. Consumer demands and behavior will be permanently altered by the pandemic, and all stakeholders in the travel industry will need to adapt. One part of adaptability is redesigning servicescapes – a necessity for many after the lockdown, and this is the subject of the penultimate section of the chapter. The conclusion looks at lessons learned from this crisis.
Adapting to lockdown
Authors: Hudson Dr Simon
Published: June 2020

By mid-April 2020, a third of the global population was under full or partial lockdown. While ‘lockdown’ was not a technical term used by public-health officials, it referred to anything from mandatory geographic quarantines to non- mandatory recommendations to stay at home, closures of certain types of businesses, or bans on events and gatherings. During this lockdown period, the travel sector worldwide continued to experience a loss of business. For example, Spain’s famous annual San Fermin bull-running festival, which usually draws thousands of participants, was canceled because of the coronavirus crisis. “As expected as it was, it still leaves us deeply sad,” said acting mayor Ana Elizalde in a statement from the local Pamplona town hall. The July festival, which was made famous in Ernest Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises, has seldom been canceled in its history. Other major European tourist events were canceled, including Oktoberfest, the famous annual German beer-drinking festival which traditionally sees six million people travel to Munich.
Aprendizaje ecológicamente basado en casos
Authors: López Zamora Isabel
Published: June 2020

Los estudios de caso se han utilizado en la educación científica como una forma para desarrollar en los estudiantes las habilidades de pensamiento crítico y para la resolución de problemas complejos. Sin embargo, existe poca documentación respecto a si este método de enseñanza está teniendo el impacto deseado en los estudiantes, específicamente los que atienden cursos de ecología vegetal. Para evaluar la posible influencia de la utilización de casos en la enseñanza de la ecología de la invasión, el presente estudio integró algunas estrategias docentes interactivas, tal y como: 1) el aprendizaje basado en casos, 2) la educación basada en campo y 3) la vinculación de la investigación con la educación durante su impartición. Los estudiantes abordaron sesiones de tópicos ecológicos diversos y concluyeron actividades indagatorias y estudios de caso sobre plantas invasoras en escenarios de campo locales para un real y avanzado entendimiento de la ecología de la invasión y ayudar a que desarrollaran sus habilidades de pensamiento, a la par de que pudieran relacionarse e interactuar con su entorno inmediato. Los métodos de evaluación para el desempeño de los alumnos estuvieron enfocados en la activa participación y efectiva ejecución de las actividades, ejercicios breves, y colaboración de pares en los estudios de caso, y en la intervención como evaluadores de cada sesión, del trabajo de campo y de los aspectos generales del curso. Los resultados de este estudio indican que los estudiantes mostraron una actitud abierta para el aprendizaje basado en casos, y que este método de enseñanza les ayudó a desarrollar la habilidad de pensamiento requerida para diagnosticar y resolver problemas reales de invasión a nivel local, al mismo tiempo que los conectó con el resto del contenido del curso.
IMPLEMENTASI TRANSAKSINON TUNAI PADA TAMAN REKREASI SELECTA KOTA BATU JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad , Solekah Nihayatu Aslamatis
Published: June 2020

Transaksi non tunai adalah bentuk transformasi sistem pembayaran yang telah menyentuh berbagai aspek kehidupan, salah satunya adalah wahana wisata. Kota Batu yang terkenal sebagai Kota Wisata Batu karena memiliki banyak wahana wisata, baik wisata alam maupun buatan. Salah satu wahana tersebut ialah Taman Rekreasi Selecta yang merupakan unit bisnis dari PT.Selecta. Taman Rekreasi Selecta menjadi satu – satunya wahana wisata di Kota Batu yang telah menerapkan transaksi non tunai pada kegiatan operasionalnya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji implementasi transaksi non tunai pada Taman Rekreasi Selecta, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan data primer melalui teknik wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan audiovisual. Untuk menguji keabsahan data pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan teknik triangulasi yang dilanjutkan analisis data dengan metode reduksi data, display data, conclusion dan verification. Hasil studi memperoleh informasi proses terjadinya dan mekanisme penerapan transaksi non tunai pada Taman Rekreasi Selecta, sehingga dapat menghasilkan skema kerjasama dan skema transaksi non tunai pada Taman Rekreasi Selecta.
PERANAN PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT DI JOMBANG JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Dwiningwarni Sayekti Suindyah , Amrulloh Ahmad Zuhdi
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini ntuk menganalisis (1) pengaruh pembangunan fisik terhadap BUMdes, (2) pengaruh program pemberdayaan terhadap BUMdes, (3) Pengaruh BUMdes terhadap pendapatan masyarakat , (4) Pengaruh pembangunan fisik terhadap pendapatan masyarakat, (5) Pengaruh program pemberdayaan terhadap pendapatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah masyarkata desa Galengdowo yang berusia produkstif, dan sampel sebanyak 200 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda dengan Logaritma Natural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pembangunan fisik berpengaruh terhadap BUMdes tetapi tidak  signifikan, (2) program pemberdayaan berpengaruh terhadap BUMdes secara signifikan, (3) BUMdes berpengrauh terhadap pendapatan masyarakat secara signifikan, (4) pembangunan fisik berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan masyarakat tetapi tidak signifikan, (5) program pemberdayaan berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan masyarakat secara signifikan. Ini berarti bahwa perencanaan pengelolaan dana desa sebaiknya diarhakn pada program pemberdayaan melalui BUMdes untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat.  Dan ini juga membuktikan bahwa BUMdes keberadaannya sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat desa. Pengelolaan dana desa yang berupa pembangunan fisik tidak menyentuh pada peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat.
IMPLEMENTASI THE NEW FRAUD TRIANGLE MODEL DENGAN PERSPEKTIF SYARIAH DALAM MENDETEKSI PERILAKU FRAUD
Authors: Sulistiyo Agung Budi , Al Ardi Riza Dewi , Roziq Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam bagaimana konsep the new fraud triangle model dengan perspektif syariah dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi perilaku fraud pada bank syariah dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada salah satu bank syariah di Jawa Timur. Melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pelaku fraud, atasan pelaku dan auditor internal serta didukung dengan hasil observasi di lapangan dan studi dokumentasi bukti fraud, penelitian ini berhasil mengungkap beberapa temuan yang penting. Temuan tersebut  menunjukkan bahwa; (1) tindakan fraud yang dilakukan dikarenakan gaya hidup pelaku yang melebihi dari penghasilan yang diterima; (2) memanfaatkan posisi pekerjaan yang dimiliki untuk melakukan fraud; (3) tindakan fraud yang terjadi diakibatkan oleh adanya peluang yang dimiliki. (4) tindak kecurangan juga terjadi karena personal integrity yang tidak baik dari pelaku. Implikasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan dan informasi tentang pentingnya manajemen pengelolaan resiko dan penguatan sistem pengendalian intern bagi Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) dalam upaya mengungkapkan fraud
THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATION ON ARABIC COLLOCATION KNOWLEDGE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF COLLOCATION LEARNING STRATEGIES
Authors: Asbulah Lily Hanefarezan , Aladdin Ashinida , Sahrim Musab
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: The role of collocation learning strategies is less of a concern as mediator. Although several correlation studies of bivariate factors have provided the relationship between the variables, many cannot answer the question of how the relationship exists. Also, a lot of studies have taken into account the variables of collocation learning strategies as mediator factors and have not illustrated clearly the relationship between independent variables (motivation) and dependent variables (collocation knowledge). As such, the aim of the present study is to identify the knowledge of Arabic collocation by taking several factors, namely; motivation and collocation learning strategies that have the potential to increase the knowledge of Arabic collocation in Malaysia. 
 
Methodology: In this study, a cross-sectional design was applied. Simple random sampling was used, where a total of 344 final year Arabic language students from eight public universities in Malaysia took part in the study by completing a set of tests and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique.
 
Findings: The findings show there is a direct and indirect relationship between motivation variable, collocation learning strategies and collocation knowledge. In addition, the learning strategies factor also serves as a partial mediator.
 
Contributions: This study suggests that collocation learning strategies play a role in the relationship between motivation and collocation knowledge in the context of Arabic language at higher education level in Malaysia.
 
Keywords: Collocation learning strategies, motivation, collocation knowledge, Arabic language, public universities.
 
Cite as: Asbulah, L. H., Aladdin, A., & Sahrim, M. (2020). The effect of motivation on Arabic collocation knowledge: The mediating role of collocation learning strategies.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp1-18
CROSS-CULTURAL PRAGMATIC STUDY OF APOLOGY STRATEGIES IN BALOCHI WITH REFERENCE TO CHINESE LANGUAGE
Authors: Hussain Muhammad , Aziz Akhtar
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: Cross-cultural studies help to reduce linguistic misunderstandings. Owing to the mastery of the grammar and vocabulary of any language, speakers who may be fluent in a second language, may still be unable to produce language that is socially and culturally acceptable, thus indicates the importance of pragmatics in general and cross-cultural pragmatics in particular. The development of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) creates urgency for the Baloch and the Chinese people to know each other's language and culture, as the project is located in 'Gwadar', a Baloch region, where Balochi is widely spoken. The purpose of this paper is to explore apology strategies used in the Balochi language spoken in Balochistan, Pakistan with reference to Chinese, including Baloch cultural values which influence language.
 
Methodology: The data were collected through Discourse Completion Test from 30 native speakers of Balochi language enrolled in various departments at International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan. On the other hand, the Chinese language data were adopted as a reference from a research study conducted by Chang (2016). The Balochi data were analyzed by employing the framework presented by Blum-Kulka, House, and Kasper (1989).
 
Findings: The findings show that the Baloch native speakers use indirect strategies of apology, explanation strategy, and taking and denying responsibility which are similar to the Chinese language.
 
Contribution: The paper may help to expand the scope of cross-cultural pragmatics to non-western languages. The paper may also be significant in the teaching curricula to design comparative courses in Chinese and Balochi.
 
Keywords: Apology, Balochi, Chinese, cross-cultural pragmatics, strategies.
 
Cite as: Hussain, M., & Aziz, A. (2020). Cross-cultural pragmatic study of apology strategies in Balochi with reference to Chinese language. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 152-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp152-169
READABILITY OF COVID-19 INFORMATION BY THE MALAYSIAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH
Authors: Ab Hamid Ahmad Rauyani , Hashim Muhammad Faizuddin , Hasan Nurliyana Abu , Mhd Azhan Norsadida
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: COVID-19 pandemic has caused catastrophe to global health. To collectively break the chain of infection, the Malaysian Ministry of Health (MMoH) disseminates information about COVID-19 through its official websites. Since they are intended for the general public, this crucial information must be easy to comprehend. A textual analysis was conducted to assess the readability level of COVID-19 information by the MMoH.
 
Methodology: Out of 661 materials related to COVID-19 from four MMoH’s websites, 14 texts were purposively selected for the analysis. The Formula Kebolehbacaan Khadijah Rohani (FKKR) and Sistem Kebolehbacaan Bahasa Melayu (SPIKE) were then employed to check their reading difficulty.
 
Findings: It was found that most of the texts were written above the recommended level, 6th grade or year 6. The findings suggest that this information is readable to three-quarters (78.7%) of Malaysian adults aged 15 and above. However, the remaining 21.3% of the same population, which equals 5.3 million Malaysian adults, may not be able to comprehend this information due to their illiteracy or minimal education. SPIKE Dyslexia scores revealed that nine texts are categorised as difficult. This could impede those with reading difficulties to understand the COVID-19 information provided by this ministry.
 
Contributions: These research findings are hoped to be useful for the improvement of health literacy among the general public by taking into account reading difficulty of health information.
 
Keywords: COVID-19, health literacy, health seeking information, readability, readability formulae.
 
Cite as: Ab Hamid, A. R., Hashim, M. F., Abu Hasan, N., & Mhd Azhan, N. (2020). Readability of Covid-19 information by the Malaysian Ministry of Health.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 170-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp170-191
REPRESENTING THE INCUMBENT AND THE CONTENDER IN THE 2019 INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL DEBATES
Authors: Fidyati Lailatul , Rajandran Kumaran
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: The 2019 Indonesian presidential debates were an important part of the presidential election because it drew public interest, enabling the candidates to persuade the electorate. The debates reunited Joko Widodo, the incumbent and Prabowo Subianto, his former contender.
 
Methodology: The article selected the five debates during the 2019 presidential debates. The debates were analyzed with Transitivity from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), studying how process, participant and circumstance represent the presidential candidates.
 
Findings: The incumbent and contender, although from different parties, share similarities in their Transitivity patterns. Joko Widodo and Prabowo Subianto frequently employ Material, Relational and Mental processes to state their actions for governing Indonesia, describe present or future plans, and share their thoughts and hopes for the country. Being politicians, the incumbent and contender use language to construe themselves as the most suitable person to be president. The two candidates employ the pronoun ‘we’ to depict themselves as part of a group, be it a political party or the electorate. They also employ the pronoun ‘I’ to showcase their personal capability. The two candidates share patterns of Transitivity because their representation tries to persuade the electorate to vote for them.
 
Contributions: The present article extends research on political discourse because it studies data from Indonesia and data in the Indonesian language. The findings can serve to educate the electorate on how politicians employ language in persuasion.
 
Keywords: Debates, elections, Indonesia, president, transitivity.
 
Cite as: Fidyati, L., & Rajandran, K. (2020). Representing the incumbent and the contender in the 2019 Indonesian presidential debates. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 215-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp215-238
POWER AND SOLIDARITY IN POSITIVE FACEBOOK POSTINGS AMIDST COVID-19 IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Azizan Mazlin , Ismail Hanita Hanim , Qaiwer Shatha Naiyf
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: Coronavirus has posed an unfamiliar threat to the world. Despite such circumstances, Malaysians continue to stay optimistic by keeping abreast with updates and mostly by seeking refuge in hopeful and consoling messages shared by fellow citizens. This study identified Facebook postings with positive messages, posted by Malaysians during the Movement Control Order (MCO) implemented by the Malaysian government as a form of prosocial behaviour.
 
Methodology: Through an analytic framework consisting of Positive Discourse Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis, 15 Facebook postings related to COVID-19 were selected and identified as positive discourse, which were coded and categorised using a thematic analysis. Further analysis was also conducted on the linguistic features identified in the narratives of the postings showing the construction of positive discourse in the Facebook postings.
 
Findings: The findings demonstrate an extensive utilisation of expressions of solidarity primarily through collective pronouns like “we” and “us”, which suggest solidarity and empowerment among Malaysians in dealing with COVID-19. Further analysis reveals the forms and contextual functions of the linguistic strategies as carrying pragmatic devices (e.g. speech acts and figurative language), which contributes to the power enactment in the Facebook postings in creating an overall positive reaction.
 
Contributions: This critical discourse study does not only promote positive discourse for its own sake, but also serves as a pragmatic approach to materialise utilitarian goals. It is therefore hoped to contribute not only to linguistics, but also social, psychological as well as arts and humanities studies through further examinations of the pivotal roles that communication and language play, especially in rising against dire situations.
 
Keywords: COVID-19, Critical Discourse Analysis, media discourse, Positive Discourse Analysis, power and solidarity.
 
Cite as:  Azizan, M., Ismail, H. H., & Qaiwer, S. N. (2020). Power and solidarity in positive Facebook postings amidst COVID-19 in Malaysia.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 329-364. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp329-364
CAN THE WORKING CLASS CHANGE THE WORLD? OLEH MICHAEL D. YATES. NEW YORK: MONTHLY REVIEW PRESS, 2018, 218 HALAMAN.
Authors: Syed Annuar Sharifah Nursyahidah
Published: June 2020

Buku Can the Working Class Change the World? yang ditulis oleh Michael D. Yates adalah buku yang memberikan tumpuan pada analisis kapitalisme, perjuangan kelas dan hubungan kekuasaan secara global. Di samping itu, buku ini menjelaskan kesan-kesan eksploitasi dan perampasan terhadap masyarakat dan alam sekitar. Hujah-hujah dalam buku ini bukan sahaja berdasarkan pengalaman penulis dalam gerakan buruh, tetapi juga dengan sokongan sejarah, teori-teori dan data-data yang relevan. Oleh yang demikian, buku ini mustahak untuk dibaca, diteliti dan diperdebatkan khususnya merentasi pelbagai disiplin ilmu seperti sains politik, ekonomi, sosiologi dan antropologi.
 
ABSTRACT
Can the Working Class Change the World? written by Michael D. Yates is a book that focuses on the analysis of capitalism, class struggle and global power relationships. Besides, this book explains the effects of exploitation and extortion on society and the environment. The arguments in this book are not only based on the author’s experience in the labour movement, but also supported by history, theories, and relevant data. Therefore, it is important to read, understand and debate this book across various disciplines such as political science, economics, sociology and anthropology.
 
Cite as: Syed Annuar, S. N.  (2020).  Can the working class change the world? (Book review). Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 406-410. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp406-410
PENYELESAIAN PERJANJIAN HUTANG PIUTANG SEBAGAI AKIBAT FORJE MAJEUR KARENA PANDEMIC COVID 19
Authors: Syamsiah Desi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji terkait peneyelesaianya perjanjian hutangpiutang dalam masa pendemic covid 19 dengan kondisi forjer majeur. Setiap perjanjianharuslah tunduk pada asas itikad baik (bonafide / good faith) dalam pelaksanaannyakarena sifatnya yang mengikat seperti sebuah undang-undang. Pengecualian dariketentuan tersebut ditemukan dalam ketentuan yang mengatur tentang keadaanmemaksa (force majeure) yaitu dalam Pasal 1244 dan Pasal 1245 KUHPerdata.Kendati demikian, kewajiban di bawah perjanjian bisa jadi tidak dapat dilaksanakankarena munculnya keadaan memaksa atau overmacht. Metode penelitian yangdigunakan adalah normatif yuridis. hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini bahwaForce majeure atau yang sering diterjemahkan sebagai keadaan memaksa merupakankeadaan dimana seorang debitur terhalang untuk melaksanakan prestasinya karenakeadaan atau peristiwa yang tidak terduga pada saat dibuatnya kontrak. Keadaan atauperistiwa tersebut tidak dapat dipertanggung jawabkan kepada debitur, sehinnga sidebitur tersebut tidak dalam keadaan beritikad buruk.
Farklı Tane Unları ve Çekirdek Tozları Kullanılarak Glutensiz Lokma Tatlısı Üretimi ve Kalite Özellikleri
Authors: ÇELİK İlyas , KUZUMOĞLU Yasemin
Published: June 2020

Çölyak (gluten enteropatisi) yapısında gluten bulunduran tahıl ve tahıl ürünlerinin tüketilmesi sonucu yetişkinlerde karın şişliği, iştahsızlık, kansızlık gibi belirtilerle ortaya çıkan bir hastalıktır. En etkili tedavi yöntemi diyetten gluten içeren gıdaların çıkarılmasıdır. Glutensiz formülasyonların en çok çalışıldığı ürünler incelendiğinde kek, bisküvi, kraker, makarna ve ekmek öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada patates unu yerine üzüm çekirdeği tozu, keten unu ve kavun çekirdeği tozu kullanılarak glutensiz lokma tatlıları üretilmiştir. Üretilen glutensiz lokma tatlılarının bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri ile duyusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Kavun çekirdeği tozu ikamesi ile glutensiz lokma tatlısının spesifik hacmi %27.38 artmıştır. İkame edilen tüm hammaddeler glutensiz lokma tatlısının esneklik değerlerinde azalmaya neden olurken, keten tohumu ikameli glutensiz lokma tatlısı kalori değeri (587.84 kcal) en yüksek çeşit olarak belirlenmiştir. Diyet lifi miktarı bakımından en zengin çeşit %8.63 toplam diyet lifi içeren keten unu katkılı lokma tatlısı olmuştur. Duyusal analiz sonuçlarına göre en beğenilen çeşit üzüm çekirdeği tozu katkılı lokma tatlısı olarak belirlenmiştir. Kullanılan hammaddelerin lokma tatlısını glutensiz özelliğinin yanı sıra protein ve diyet lifi içeriği bakımından zenginleştirdiği görülmüştür.
Farklı Yöntemler İle Ayvadan (Cydonia vulgaris Pers.) Ekstrakte Edilen Pektinin Karakteristik Özellikleri
Authors: FIRAT Esra , KAYMAK ERTEKİN Figen
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada ayvadan iki farklı yöntemle pektin ekstraksiyonu (çözgen ekstraksiyonu (SE) ve ultrason destekli ekstraksiyon (UAE)) için işlem koşullarının optimizasyonu ve elde edilen pektinlerin verim ve kalite özellikleri bakımından karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. İşlem koşulları olarak; katı/çözgen oranı, pH, işlem sıcaklığı, işlem süresi, karıştırma hızı ve ultrasonik dalga frekansının pektin verimi üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Çözgen ekstraksiyonunda optimum koşullar (1:10 katı/çözgen oranı, pH 2, 80°C sıcaklık, 120 dakika işlem süresi ve 500 rpm karıştırma hızı) altında maksimum pektin verimi %12.28 olarak bulunurken, UAE’da maksimum pektin verimi %10.85 olarak (20 Hz dalga frekansı, 30 dakika işlem süresi, pH 2, 1:10 katı/çözgen oranı ve 80°C sıcaklık) bulunmuştur. Pektin örneklerinin nem içeriği, renk değerleri (L*, a*, b*), metil esterifikasyon derecesi, kül miktarı, köpük stabilitesi, indirgen şeker miktarı, görünür viskozite ve akış özellikleri, jel derecesi ve jel gücü özellikleri incelenmiş, tüm pektin örnekleri yüksek metoksilli olarak (MED>%50) bulgulanmıştır. İki farklı yöntemle optimum koşullarda elde edilen pektinlerin indirgen şeker miktarları haricinde diğer özellikleri arasında istatiksel olarak bir fark saptanamamıştır (p>0.05). İndirgen şeker içerikleri ise SE ve UAE için sırasıyla %25.29 ve %27.71 olarak belirlenmiştir. Pektinin gıda sanayisinde jelleştirici ve kıvam arttırıcı olarak kullanılması için en önemli kriter olan metil esterifikasyon derecesi iki yöntemle elde edilen pektinde de yüksek bulunduğundan, iki pektinin de gıdalarda katkı maddesi olarak kullanılabilirliği uygun bulunmuştur.
Çocukların Gıda Tüketimi Üzerine Televizyon Reklamlarının Etkisi
Authors: ERSOY Sıddıka , ÖZBAŞ Serpil
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma, reklamların çocuklarda gıda tüketim alışkanlıkları üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmış tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Isparta il merkezinde yaşayan, 15 yaş altı çocuk sahibi olan, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden anne ve babalar oluşturmaktadır (n=464). Araştırmacılar tarafından literatür incelemesi yapılarak, iki bölüm içeren anket oluşturulmuştur. Anketin birinci bölümü sosyodemografik soruları, ikinci bölümü ise çocukların reklamlardan etkilenme düzeyini belirlemeye yönelik altı alt boyutta gruplandırılmış değerlendirme sorularını içermektedir. Anket ailelere yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından bir ay boyunca prime time kuşağında televizyonda yayınlanan reklamlar listelenerek veriler elde edilmiştir. Anket ve reklam verileri tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden ortalama (x), yüzdelik (yüzde) dağılımlar kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızda her bir reklam kuşağı için ortalama 15.75±9.03 adet reklam izlendiği ve izlenen reklamların %40.80’i gıda içerikli olduğu görülmüştür. Çocukların en çok etkilendiği reklamlar %84.70 oranında gıda içerikli ürünlerdir. Gıda içerikli reklamlardan çikolata şekerleme (%63.80), fast food ve paketli servis ürünlerin (%19.60) reklamları çocukları daha çok etkilemektedir. Çocukların gıda tüketim alışkanlıkları üzerine reklamların etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapmış olduğumuz çalışmamızın bulguları özellikle reklamların çocukların algıları ve gıda tüketimi üzerine etkisini göz önüne sermektedir.
Polifenollerin Bağırsak Mikrobiyota Kompozisyonunu Düzenleyici ve Nöroprotektif Etkileri
Authors: ÇİMEN Firdevs , POLAT Havva , EKİCİ Lütfiye
Published: June 2020

Trilyonlarca mikroorganizmadan oluşan ve doğumdan yaşlılığa kadar konakçı ile etkileşim halinde bulunan bağırsak mikrobiyotası; doğum şekli, beslenme alışkanlıkları, yaş, hastalık durumu, antibiyotik kullanımı, çevresel ve kültürel faktörlere bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir. Böğürtlen, üzüm, elma, portakal, baklagiller, çay, kakao, bal ve şarap gibi polifenol açısından zengin gıdalar bağırsak mikrobiyota kompozisyonunu düzenleyebilmektedir. Bu durum polifenollerin bağırsak bakterileri üzerinde prebiyotik etki göstermeleri ile açıklanmaktadır. Bağırsak ve nörolojik hastalıkların gelişiminde, beyin ve bağırsak arasında çift yönlü ilişki ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu ilişkiye beyin-bağırsak hattı denilmektedir. Mikrobiyota kompozisyonundaki olumsuz yöndeki değişiklikler sonucu görülen disbiyozis, beyin-bağırsak hattı dengesi için önemli sorun teşkil etmektedir. Polifenoller, beyin-bağırsak hattının modülasyonu yoluyla, bağırsak ve nörolojik hastalıkların tedavisinde yararlı etkiler sunmaktadır. Polifenollerin yararlı etkileri sadece bağırsak mikrobiyotasını düzenleyebilme yetenekleri ile değil, aynı zamanda beyin nöroenflamasyonunu azaltma, hafıza ve bilişsel işlevi geliştirme yetenekleriyle de açıklanabilmektedir. Bu özellikleri polifenolleri nörodejeneratif bozukluklar ve kardiyovasküler rahatsızlıklar başta olmak üzere birçok hastalıkla mücadele etmek için umut verici nutrasötikler konumuna getirmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı mikrobiyata çeşitliliğinde azalması ya da mikrobiyota kompozisyonunun arzu edilmeyen şekilde değişmesi ile ilişkilendirilen çeşitli bağırsak ve nörolojik hastalıklara karşı önemli işlevleri bulunan polifenollerin, insan sağlığına yararlı etkileri hakkında güncel bilgileri derlemektir.
Geleceğin Alternatif Protein Kaynağı: Yapay Et
Authors: SÜREK Ece , UZUN Pınar
Published: June 2020

Hızla artan dünya nüfusu ve değişmekte olan tüketici alışkanlıkları bilim insanlarını yenilebilir gıda alternatiflerini ve alternatif protein kaynaklarını araştırmaya yönlendirmiştir. Genetiği değiştirilmiş organizmalar, böcekler, deniz yosunları, in vitro et veya diğer ismiyle yapay et önemli alternatif protein kaynakları olarak görülmektedir. Son yıllarda özellikle yapay et ile ilgili yapılan araştırmalar önem kazanmıştır. Yapay et üretimi ile geleneksel et üretiminin neden olduğu sera gazlarının artışı, orman ve arazi tahribatı ve tarım arazilerinin aşırı kullanımı gibi olumsuz etkilerin azalacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Kontrollü ortamda üretilen yapay etin, et kaynaklı hastalık riskini azaltacağı ve daha güvenli ve sağlıklı et üretimini sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Diğer taraftan, yüksek üretim maliyeti, tüketiciler tarafından tercih edilmeme, doğal bir ürün olarak kabul edilmeme ve etik kaygılar gibi yapay et üretim sisteminin gelişmesini ve ticarileşmesini engelleyebilecek bazı faktörler de bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede, yapay et üretiminin ortaya çıkışı, gelişim süreci, üretim yöntemleri ve gelecekte ortaya çıkabilecek olası problemleri hakkında yapılan araştırmalar derlenmiştir.
Unlu Mamullerin Kompozit Unlar ile Zenginleştirilmesi
Authors: AYDIN Emine
Published: June 2020

Son yıllarda toplumun beslenme konusunda bilinçlenmesi ile birlikte sağlıklı gıda üretimi ve tüketimi önem kazanmış, bu tür gıdalara olan talepler artmıştır. Birçok gıda endüstrisi de tüketicilerin taleplerini karşılamak için üretimini yaptıkları ürünlere fonksiyonel bileşenler ilave etme yoluna gitmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar meyve ve sebzelerin fenolik bileşenler, antioksidan aktivite ve diyet lif bakımından zengin kaynak olduğunu göstermektedir. Daha sağlıklı ürün tüketme talebini karşılamak için meyve-sebze ve/veya meyve-sebze atıklarının besin maddesi olarak kullanımının önemli bir kaynak olabileceğini gösteren çalışmalarda; bu tür bileşenler gıdalara eklendiğinde, üretilen ürünlerin tadını, dokusunu, aromasını, rengini ve besin değerini değiştirebildiği/geliştirebildiği için tüketiciler tarafından sağlıklı ürünler olarak ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu derlemede meyve ve sebzelerin un (toz) haline getirilmesinin bu gıdaların israfını azalttığı ayrıca fonksiyonel bir bileşen olarak unlu mamullerde zenginleştirme ajanı olarak kullanılmak üzere mükemmel bir fırsat sunduğu literatürde yapılan çalışmalar ile gösterilmiştir.
A case report of tetanic crisis from acute severe hypocalcemia secondary to hypovitaminosis D: analysis of risk factors for vitamin D deficiency between 1 and 18 years
Authors: Gencarelli Jessica , Alessandra Iacono , Pellino Giuditta , Host Cristina , Maggiore Giuseppe
Published: June 2020

Background:

Hypocalcemia is one of the most common disorders of metabolism in children. One of the most known causes is hypovitaminosis D, an extremely widespread condition in the world, both in developed and developing countries.

Etiology is related to poor exposure to sunlight and inadequate diet, especially in subjects with dark skin or exclusively breastfed or born to mothers with vitamin D deficiency by ethnic and cultural reasons.

Case Presentation:

We report a case of a teenager from Morocco, who presented a tetanic crisis in the course of influenza B. The laboratory tests showed severe hypocalcemia and low serum vitamin D concentration with increased parathyroid hormone value. The administration of calcium and vitamin D normalized the clinical and laboratory parameters.

Conclusions:

Adolescents of ethnic groups at risk frequently find themselves in a chronic situation of altered metabolism deriving from vitamin D deficiency. Hence, a simple insult, as influenza B virus, can lead to severe pathological manifestations.
Biochemical Properties and Urease, α-amylase Inhibitory Effects of Ocimum basilicum L. (Reyhan)
Authors: Kaya Gülsen , Keskin Merve
Published: June 2020

With the understanding of the role of antioxidants in preventing degenerative and age-related diseases caused by oxidative stress, and taking into account the multitude of pharmacological applications such as antidiabetic, antifungal, cardioprotection, immunostimulant, interest in plants rich in this respect has increased. Ocimum basilicum L. (purple) is a one-year, fragrant spice herb with its own aroma. In this study, chemical characterization of Ocimum basilicum L. plant was performed and inhibition effects on urease and a-amylase were investigated. Total phenolic content of Ocimum basilicum L. leafs ethanolic and water extracts were 320.08±2.03, 388.15±1.05 mg GAE/100g; total flavonoids were 282.57±1.12, 307.75±0.89 mg QE/100g; antioxidant capacity of samples were 0.46±0.01 and 0.52±0.02  mM Fe+2/mg extract, 0.46±0.01; IC50 values of urease were 18.77±0.22, 20.19±0.15  % and IC50 values of α-amylase were 0.47±0.01, 0.42±0.01 µg/mL, respectively. It is determined that ethanolic extract of leaves is rich in linalool, linolenin, phytol and α-humulene. The datas show that the leaves of the plant may be effective on two important diseases such as Diabetus mellitus and H. pylori.
İKTİSAT POLİTİKALARININ ETKİNLİĞİ: UYARLAMACI BEKLEYİŞLER VE RASYONEL BEKLENTİLER HİPOTEZİ
Authors: DAYIOĞLU Tuğba , AYDIN Yılmaz
Published: June 2020

﻿Bu çalışmanın amacı Yeni Klasik yaklaşımın odak noktasını oluşturan iktisat politikaları uygulamaları ile beklentiler arasındaki karşılıklı etkileşim Rasyonel Beklentiler çerçevesinde incelemek ve olası sonuçları değerlendirmektir. Uyarlamacı Beklentiler yaklaşımına göre, sadece geçmiş dönem verilerini dikkate alan ekonomik birimlerin enflasyonla ilgili beklentilerinin, gerçekleşen enflasyona uyum sağlaması zaman almaktadır. Enflasyon oranı gerçekte artarken, tahmin edilen enflasyon daha düşük olur. Rasyonel beklentiler yaklaşımı ise enflasyona ilişkin tahminlerin sadece geçmiş değil, mevcut tüm bilgilerin değerlendirilmesiyle gerçekleştirildiğini ve dolayısıyla beklenen ve gerçekleşen değerlerin kısa dönemde de uyumlu olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Gerçekleşen ve beklenen değer arasındaki sapma reel ücretleri etkileyerek üretim ve istihdam üzerinde miktar uyumuna yol açar. Kısa dönemde ortaya çıkan bu gelişme zamanla beklenen ve gerçekleşen değerlerin uyum sağlaması ile sadece fiyat uyumu ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Buna göre, politika yapıcılar düzenli bir şekilde para arzını arttırarak üretimi yönlendirmeye çalıştıkları takdirde, rasyonel beklentilere sahip bireyler, modeli anlayarak bu politikaları boşa çıkaracaklardır.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings in intervertebral disc herniation: Comparison of canal compromise and canal size in patients with and without cauda equina syndrome
Authors: Kalidindi Kalyan Kumar Varma , Sath Sulaiman , Vishwakarma Gayatri , Chhabra Harvinder Singh
Published: June 2020

Background:

Surgical decompressions are typically warranted in patients with magnetic resonance (MR) and clinical evidence of cauda equina syndromes (CESs). However, it is still unclear what MR findings best correlate with such CES. Here, we compared MR-documented canal size and level/extent of compromise in 52 patients with and 56 others without CES attributed to lumbar disc herniation.

Methods:

This was a retrospective study of 52 patients with and 56 patients without CES attributed to MR- documented lumbar disc herniations (IDHs). The anteroposterior diameters of the spinal canal and the levels of maximal compression were documented and compared utilizing MR scans from both groups.

Results:

The 52 patients with CES had more extensive narrowing of the canal diameters at the L4-L5 and L5- S1 levels and higher mean canal compression ratios versus 56 patients without CES. The mean percentage of compression in the CES group at L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels (70% and 67.5%, respectively) was less versus L2-L3 and L3-L4 levels (89.7% and 81.8%, respectively).

Conclusion:

The 52 patients with CES due to IDH had greater canal compromise versus 56 without CES. Further, the percentage of canal compromise was less at L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels compared to other levels in patients with CES.
Paramedian thalamic infarction caused by cisternal drain placement in open clipping for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Two case reports
Authors: Tsunoda Sho , Inoue Tomohiro , Ono Hideaki , Naemura Kazuaki , Akabane Atsuya
Published: June 2020

Background:

Some complications associated with cisternal drainage have been reported; however, there are few reports on direct vascular injury caused by cisternal drain. We experienced two rare cases of thalamic infarction caused by cisternal drain placement during open clipping for a ruptured anterior communicating artery (AcomA) aneurysm through an anterior interhemispheric approach.

Case Description:

Two cases of ruptured AcomA aneurysm were treated by surgical clipping through an anterior interhemispheric approach, and then a cisternal drain was inserted from opticocarotid space toward prepontine cistern. Postoperatively, the magnetic resonance imaging showed unilateral anterior-medial thalamic infarction in both two cases. By reviewing the postoperative computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography, it was suspected that the cisternal drain, which was inserted slightly deep, obstructed the P1 perforator because of an anatomical variation involving a lowered basilar bifurcation and caused postoperative unilateral paramedian thalamic infarction.

Conclusion:

To avoid these complications, neurosurgeons should consider the potential for P1 perforator injury related to cisternal drain placement.
A sellar neuroblastoma showing rapid growth and causing syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: A case report
Authors: Kamil Muhammad , Higa Nayuta , Yonezawa Hajime , Fujio Shingo , Sugata Jun , Takajo Tomoko , Hiraki Tsubasa , Hirato Junko , Arita Kazunori , Yoshimoto Koji
Published: June 2020

Background:

Sellar neuroblastoma is a very rare entity. We report a rare case of arginine vasopressin (AVP)- producing sellar neuroblastoma presumed to have originated from the lower part of sellar turcica, which grew very rapidly.

Case Description:

A 33-year-old woman was found to have a sellar lesion with a diameter of 18 mm invading into the bilateral cavernous sinus on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed for dizziness. Six years later, when she visited the clinic due to bilateral visual disturbance, MRI showed a rapid growth of the tumor, with a maximal diameter of 56 mm at the current state, strongly compressing the optic nerve and chiasm. Transsphenoidal decompression of the optic chiasm revealed an intact pituitary gland on the top of the tumor. The tumor was composed of neoplastic cells that were immunohistochemically positive for neuronal markers and arginine vasopressin (AVP), but negative for all anterior pituitary hormones, glial fibrillary acidic protein, or thyroid transcription factor-1; these findings were suggestive of sellar neuroblastoma. She underwent 50-Gy radiation therapy, which has controlled the growth for the past 3 years.

Conclusion:

Awareness of rare sellar neuroblastomas will allow the accumulation of clinicopathologic information that may facilitate the understanding of their origin, clinical features, neuroimaging characteristics, and pertinent adjuvant treatment.
Preparation and evaluation of repaglinide nanosuspensions
Authors: Jogu Chandrudu
Published: June 2020

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is featured by an increase in the blood glucose levels, and at times, . Current drug is a newer drug that is synthesized to control the blood sugar levels post meals. The most tangible problems that are concurrent with the use of is its very low solubility and thereby causing little dose inconsistency. Various methods have been developed through the years to improve the dissolution of the drug. One of those methods is the concept of . These are colloidal suspensions of drugs particles that are stabilized by . are defined as dual systems that contain a pure drug which is dispersed in a polar vehicle with a diameter of the particle, which is less than 1 in size. was adopted to improve the solubility of to enhance its dissolution rate and absorption. As per the results, it can be said that the of were prepared and represented as a promising new formulation for oral delivery. study in pH 1.2 phosphate buffer showed that the prepared formulations have a better drug release when compared to the pure drug.
ORIGINALISM, RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: DORANTES Roberto Parra
Published: June 2020

In this paper I shall defend a moderate version of original meaning originalism in constitutional interpretation. First, I will explain some relevant distinctions and qualifications related to originalism and to the specific version of the theory of constitutional interpretation which I will present here. Next, I will briefly compare this version of originalism with the view traditionally regarded as originalism’s natural opponent, the doctrine of the living Constitution, and I will argue that these two views are in fact compatible with each other once certain reasonable qualifications have been made to both of them. I shall then offer arguments in favor of the version of originalism presented here, which mainly have to do with the relation between a democratic system under a written constitution and the concepts of the rule of law and human rights. Finally, I will defend this version of originalism against views that hold that, in certain constitutional cases, once the original meaning of the Constitution, so to speak, “runs out”, non-originalist methods should be employed to reach a legal solution.
THE RADICALIZATION PROGRAM OF PHENOMENOLOGY OF JEAN-LUC MARION
Authors: KARPIŃSKI Piotr
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the project of radicalization of phenomenology in Jean-Luc Marion. The very idea of radicalization has been associated with phenomenology since its origin and means a return to the main idea to study the appearance of phenomena, rethink it and draw the maximum consequences from it. Marion argues with Husserl and Heidegger, who, in his opinion, stopped halfway in the phenomenological path: the first reducing all phenomena to objects, the second reducing everything to being. Meanwhile, Marion is about freeing the phenomenon so that it appears on its own and as it is. In this purpose, he adopts the fundamental principle of phenomenology as “so much reduction, so much givenness”, which shows that he bases his project on two concepts: reduction and givenness. The next step is to develop the issue of givenness and describe phenomena in its light. Marion's precious discovery is the saturated phenomena, which are characterized by an excess of visibility relative to the concept. Marion's project is completed with an analysis of the gift and the subject. It should be noted that, despite polemics, Marion's phenomenology is an interesting and successful attempt to radicalize phenomenology. Its valuable contribution is reflection on the fundamental principles of phenomenology, which gains value especially in the time of various “applied phenomenologies”.
Analisis Postur Kerja dengan Menggunakan REBA dan RULA di PT X
Authors: Tiogana Vincent , Hartono Natalia
Published: June 2020

PT X merupakan pabrik yang memproduksi beragam produk kopi. Proses produksi pada perusahaan tersebut terdiri dari roasting, mixing, grinding, dan packing (1,2,3,4). Perusahaan ini masih merupakan perusahaan padat karya. Pada pengamatan awal, terlihat pekerja memiliki posisi kerja yang kurang baik sehingga ada resiko bahaya muskuloskeletal, sehingga akan dilakukan pengambilan data dengan menggunakan wawancara dan kuesioner Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ). Resiko bahaya muskuloskeletal yang teramati ada pada beberapa area tubuh, seperti punggung bawah, betis, dan lainnya. Analisa postur tubuh dengan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) digunakan pada penelitian ini. Metode REBA digunakan untuk analisa postur pada proses roasting, mixing, grinding, dan packing 4, sedangkan packing 1, 2, dan 3 menggunakan metode RULA. Pada hasil analisa REBA, postur yang paling berbahaya adalah pada stasiun 4 dengan nilai 9, sedangkan postur yang paling berbahaya pada analisa RULA adalah pada stasiun packing 1 dan 2 dengan nilai 6. Pemberian solusi perbaikan dilakukan terhadap stasiun yang dianggap berbahaya bagi pekerjanya, yakni stasiun roasting, mixing, grinding, packing 1, 2, dan 4. Solusi yang diberikan berbeda-beda tergantung pada kebutuhan, diantaranya adalah dengan mengubah metode kerja dan menggunakan troli yang dapat disesuaikan.

 

Kata Kunci: Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ), Gangguan Muskuloskeletal, Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA)
ЕННЕАГРАМА В БІЗНЕСІ: НОВИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ УПРАВЛІННЯ КОМУНІКАТИВНИМИ ПРОЦЕСАМИ В КОНФЛІКТІ
Authors: Yushchyshyna Larysa , Pyl Viktoriia
Published: June 2020

У статті розглянуто сутність еннеаграми як докладної карти особистості – її сильні та слабкі боки, потреби, побоювання і можливості. Викладено сучасні концепції формування та основні методологічні підходи до використання еннеаграми.  Охарактеризовано дев’ять еннеатипів та виокремлено чотири основних рівні використання еннеаграми сучасними бізнес-організаціями. Визначено цінність еннеаграми, що полягає у можливості змінити на краще динаміку конфлікту завдяки баченню індивідуальності кожного працівника. Виокремлено особливості впливу еннеатипу на поведінку різних категорій персоналу організації. Доведено можливість застосування еннеаграми як інструменту для управління комунікативними процесами в конфлікті.
ЗМІСТОВНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОГО РИНКУ
Authors: Sorokopud Iia
Published: June 2020

В даній статті досліджено стан електроенергетики України, констатовано значну енергозалежність України від зовнішніх постачальників в супереч існуючих та потенційних можливостей вироблення власних енергоресурсів, з’ясовано норми та правила енергетичної безпеки, охарактеризовано енергетичну систему України, окреслено взаємозв'язки між суб’єктами цієї системи в напряму моніторингу існуючих моделей електроенергетичного ринку України. Здійснено аналіз втрат та здобутків від регулюючого впливу електроенергетичного ринку протягом 2014-2018 років, доведено, що Європейський сценарій реформування електроенергетичних ринків є найбільш адаптованим до сучасних умов реальності. Систематизовано та запропоновано напрями загальнодержавної політики на електроенергетичному ринку на найближчі роки.