bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiscal rules: Excessive limitation or indispensable instrument of fiscal sustainability?
Authors: Gurvich E. , Sokolov I.
Published: March 2019

In-depth analysis of international and Russia’s experiences with implementing fiscal rules is presented. Theoretical and empirical evidences are suggested in favor of retaining the present fiscal rules with some modifications aimed at ensuring: a) a relatively stable level of federal budget expenditure with guaranteed full execution of all commitments; b) countercyclical fiscal policy, based on flexibleand proper reaction to revenue changes; and c) robustness of fiscal rules to internal and external shocks. The main new features suggested include modified calculation of the oil base price, different measurement of cyclical fiscal revenues, lower size of structural fiscal balance, and thorough specification of sources for each item of the balance. The modified rules envisage increased flexibility by relaxing to a pre-set extent and for a pre-set time spending limits in response to extreme shocks. The suggested version of fiscal rules has been tested by application to historical data for 2005-2015, and macro projections for 2015-2025.
Incentives for process innovations under discrete structural alternatives of competition policy
Authors: Shastitko A. , Kurdin A.
Published: March 2019

This study analyzes the incentives for process innovations under different conditions determined by the competition policy for intellectual property rights (IPR) and particular features of markets and technologies. Competition policy is defined by the presence or absence of compulsory licensing, markets are characterized by technological leadership or technological competition. The results of modelling show that the uncertainty engendered by technological competition may lower the intensity of innovative activities, if there are no mechanisms of coordination between participants. Voluntary licensing generally improves social welfare but does not guarantee an increase in innovative efforts. Compulsory licensing can impede innovations due to the opportunistic behaviour of market participants but certain measures of state policy can prevent this negative effect.
Social architectonics of the market price: Basic principles behind the perception of prices by Russian consumers (The case of Moscow)
Authors: Berdysheva E. , Romanova R.
Published: March 2019

This article decomposes the perception of prices by Russian consumers. The data of in-depth interviews with economically active residents of Moscow demonstrates that the interpretation of price can be thematized according to four main areas: "not to be deceived," "it is not a poor person who checks prices, but a smart one," "people ‘like me’ buy at those prices," and "not every product can be bought without regard to the price." The study shows that Russian consumers are more and more artfully mastering the grammar of the market price. Prudence in relation to prices and expenses is obtaining its own place among the cultural values in Russia where the ability to prodigious waste as an indicator of social success had been prevailing.
Under-reported income of Russian households
Authors: Murashov Y. , Ratnikova T.
Published: March 2019

In the proposed paper, an attempt is made to estimate the proportion of unstated income for Russian households based on micro data. An overview of microeconomic approaches to estimating the scale of under-reported income is provided. These approaches are poorly represented in the national literature, so their strengths and weaknesses are also analyzed. A theoretical model of household consumer behavior is described that allows the size of under-reported income to be estimated. The structure of household incomes and expenditures is studied based on an RLMS sample for 2012. The model is estimated using household subsamples based on the type of household and household income. The estimation technique utilizes regression variables and random effects. The resulting subsample estimates were applied to the general population and compared with those obtained by other researchers using alternative methods and other data. A comparison is made to estimates of under-reported income developed for British households.
Program-target planning: Yesterday, today... tomorrow?
Authors: Tambovtsev V. , Rozhdestvenskaya I.
Published: March 2019

The paper considers the program-target method of planning implementation challenges in the current Russian situation. Reasons for its not so high efficacy are revealed, and recommendations for enhancing its deployment’s efficiency in budget planning are formulated.
“Economics of the constants” and long cycles of energy prices dynamics
Authors: Bashmakov I.
Published: March 2019

This paper shows the cyclical evolution of energy prices and energy costs share with cycles lasting 25-30 years. Energy costs constants, i.e. stable over long time energy costs to income ratio, are the center of ‘economic gravitation’. Cycles and energy affordability thresholds are found in all major final energy use sectors manifesting the ‘minus one’ phenomenon, which shows that cyclelong energy intensity changes as much as real energy prices. Energy affordability thresholds and asymmetric price elasticities are important factors determining the existence of the turning points towards the center of ‘economic gravitation’ in the cyclic evolution of energy costs shares. The cyclical nature of energy price dynamics has been manifesting for five centuries and experienced multiple technological transitions and changes in the energy mix.
Trends in the distribution of income between labor and capital: Factors, consequences and problems of adjustment
Authors: Klinov V.
Published: March 2019

Inverse cyclical relations of trends in distribution of GDP between labor and capital components of value added (between compensation of employees, on the one hand, and gross operating surplus plus gross mixed income, on the other hand) to the trends in supply of labor and capital in the economy are elaborated in the article. Long waves and globalization influence on the economic policy of the USA and on personal income distribution in the country as well as economic, social and political consequences of such distribution are subjects of indepth analysis. Adjustment of income distribution is presented in the article as a key problem to be solved by economics and form a part of the economic strategy adequate to the realities of the 21st century.
The crisis in Russia and its spreadingover the CIS countries: Transmission channels
Authors: Fedorova E.
Published: March 2019

This study evaluates the channels of crises transmission from Russia to the CIS countries on the basis of a Bayesian vector autoregression model. The empirical base of the study consists of 11 macroeconomic indicators of the CIS countries on quarterly data for the period from 2002 to 2015. It has been revealed that the monetary channel of transmission plays the main role. The economy of the CIS countries reacts stronger to the financial stress in Russia than the Russian economy itself, and over time the impact of the financial stress in Russia on the economy of the CIS countries only increases on average by1.5-2 times throughout the year.
Foundations of the parametric strategic management: An institutional economics perspective
Authors: Obydenov A.
Published: March 2019

The article suggests the idea of parametric strategic management based on using institutions, or "rules of the game", as control parameters ensuring targeting of sustainable states, functioning modes and development trajectories (attractors) of the managed economic system, in particular, economic organization. The rules themselves do not contain directions of changes towards target attractors. The Coase theorem appears to be the economic foundation of the proposed approach.
Central bank policy under significant balance-of-payment shocks and structural shifts
Authors: Sinyakov A. , Yudaeva K.
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we analyze a number of monetary and FX policy alternatives using the model of a small open oil-exporting economy hit by severe balance-of-payment shocks, such as those that simultaneously affected the Russian economy in 2014-2015. For our purposes, we modify Romer’s (2013) IS-MP general equilibrium model by adding a structure similar to the Russian economy (tradables and oil vs. non-tradables). In the model, we consider an optimal policy mix that includes a floating exchange rate, FX liquidity provision by a central bank and temporary tightening of monetary policy. The flexible exchange rate works as a shock absorber, helping restore aggregate demand and domestic production. If inflation expectations are not anchored, contractionary monetary policy helps to stabilize them. Financial stability risks are addressed by lending FX liquidity to the banking sector.
International differences in labor productivity: Role of capital, technological level and resource rent
Authors: Zaytsev A.
Published: March 2019

Using level accounting methodology this article examines sources of per capita GDP and labor productivity differences between Russia and developed and developing countries. It considers the role played by the following determinants in per capita GDP gap: per hour labor productivity, number of hours worked per worker and labor-population ratio. It is shown that labor productivity difference is the main reason of Russia’s lagging behind. Factors of Russia’s low labor productivity are then estimated. It is found that 33-39% of 2.5-5-times labor productivity gap (estimated for non-oil sector) between Russia and developed countries (US, Canada, Germany, Norway) is explained by lower capital-to-labor ratio and the latter 58-65% of the gap is due to lower technological level (multifactor productivity). Human capital level in Russia is almost the same as in developed countries, so it explains only 2-4% of labor productivity gap.
Paradoxes of reservation wage setting in the Russian labor market. Part II
Authors: Kapeliushnikov R. , Lukyanova A.
Published: March 2019

Using panel data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for 2006-2014, the paper investigates reservation wages setting in the Russian labor market. The second part of the paper provides an econometric analysis of main determinants of reservation wages. It shows that personal characteristics, household income, unemployment duration and characteristics of local labor markets are important factors that affect reservation wage setting. The findings also indicate that non-employed individuals with higher reservation wages have higher probability of re-employment and receive higher wages on their new jobs. A general conclusion is that Russian workers set reservation wages in economically rational way taking into account their real prospects in the labor market.
Formación de los trabajadores fabriles en el caribe colombiano
Authors: Solano D Sergio Paolo
Published: March 2019

Antes del surgimiento de los trabajadores industriales propiamente dicho ya los principales epicentros urbanos costeños contaban con una mano de obra asalariada de significativas proporciones, empleada en el comercio, puertos, navegación a vapor, obras públicas, construcción y oficios varios. Desde finales del siglo XIX y a lo largo de los treinta primeros años del XX, en Barranquilla y Cartagena se establecieron algunas fábricas y manufacturas en el sentido estricto del término.
Informe sobre la situación y el estado general de la provincia del Río del Hacha, por Don Antonio de Arévalo. Año de 1773
Authors: Polo Acuña José
Published: March 2019

¿Cómo nace, se transforma y muere una cultura? ¿Cómo se produce y reproduce un entorno que tenga credibilidad en situaciones en que los trastornos políticos y sociales, en que las diferencias en los modos de vivir y pensar y en que las contradicciones parecen haber llegado a límites sin precedentes? Y de una manera más amplia, ¿cómo construyen y viven los individuos y los grupos su relación con la realidad, en una sociedad sacudida por el contacto con una cultura exterior sin precedente alguno? Son preguntas que no podemos dejar de plantearnos como historiadores al recorrer en el tiempo el terreno que constituyó la Guajira inconquistable del siglo XVIII, para comprender mejor qué pudo significar la expansión en América del occidente moderno.
LAS FRONTERAS EN LA HISTORIA HISPANOAMERICANA: NOTAS SOBRE ALGUNAS TENDENCIAS
Authors: Polo Acuña José
Published: March 2019

De alguna manera, toda historia humana es una lucha del hombre por someter el entorno que lo rodea, por domesticar la naturaleza e implantar su poder, en una encarnizada lucha por extender su dominio hacia territorios inexplorados. En Hispanoamérica, a diferencia de Europa, esta lucha sigue marcando las realidades políticas, culturales y económicas que han tenido una larga trayectoria histórica.
ELITES Y REDES DE PODER EN TORNO AL PROYECTO REGENERADOR. CARTAGENA 1874-1892
Authors: Verbel Chávez Grey
Published: March 2019

En Cartagena los grupos elite de la ciudad apoyaron el proyecto regenerador porque el discurso nacionalista de la política que este privilegiaba se ajustaba a un proceso de integración de los diferentes sectores de poder a nivel local. Dicho proceso respondía menos a ese discurso modernizante y más a la existencia de una cultura política tradicional, dinamizada por una variedad de vínculos sociales, familiares, profesionales, económicos o de dependencia, de amistad, de interés y de clientela. La Regeneración permitió a los grupos elite negociar, integrarse y consolidarse como tal, básicamente durante dos etapas: la del independentismo que va de 1874 a 1884, y la del nacionalismo que se ubica entre 1885 y 1892.
TABACO, ECONOMÍA CAMPESINA Y CAPITALISMO EN LOS MONTES DE MARÍA, 1850-1930
Authors: Blanco Romero Wilson
Published: March 2019

La historia de la expansión tabacalera exportadora en la subregión de los Montes de Maria, conocida también con los nombres de Serranía de San Jacinto y de Sierra de María1, con centro en la antigua Provincia del Carmen de Bolívar en el Caribe colombiano, tiene como rasgo peculiar el hecho de la asociación entre capital y economía campesina. A diferencia de los centros tabacaleros andinos, como Ambalema Tolima, en donde el capital se asocia con la propiedad terrateniente en el marco de la hacienda. Nuestra investigación estudia las circunstancias históricas que explican este hecho de una economía comarcal que produce tabaco negro en rama para la exportación, en el contexto general de una región como la costa norte de Colombia donde el latifundio y la hacienda han tenido tanto peso en la economía agraria y la problemática social.
Lola G. Luna, EL SUJETO SUFREGISTA FEMENINO Y FEMINIDAD EN COLOMBIA 1930-1957.
Authors: Vos Obeso Rafaela
Published: March 2019

Introducir innovadores enfoques en la historiografía colombiana en el tema mujer-género implica no sólo conocer la historia del país, sino haber cultivado profundas sensibilidades que atan a la historiadora española Lola G. Luna a Colombia, a nuestras raíces, problemáticas, movimiento de mujeres, al feminismo y a nuestra vida política y cotidiana. Sumergirse en la historia del sufragismo ha sido un diálogo con el pasado y además con la historia contemporánea del país y con la herencia colonial de América Latina.
TRABALHO E CULTURA NA CIDADE PORTUÁRIA DE SANTOS (BRASIL), 1890-1920
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Fernando , Caira Gitahy Maria Lucia
Published: March 2019

Este artigo analisa o conflicto se desenvoveu entre os trabalhadores do porto de Santos (Brasil) sobre o controle da oferta de trabalho. Ele argumenta que as características do trabalho, pouca mecanização, intermitência da carga e mobilidade dos estivadores em várias ocupações, eles controlam o mercado de trabalho, o eixo central do conflito encenado no porto durante a primera metade do século XX. Ele también mostra os esfuerços do Estado e os empregadores para arrancar o controle dos trabalhadores que conseguiram establecer na oferta de trabalho.
Sociedades híbridas, pueblos mixtos o mestizaje. ¿Cómo se puede percibir la población en la Huasteca potosina en el periodo colonial tardío?
Authors: Escobar Ohmstede Antonio , Fagoaga Hernández Ricardo A.
Published: March 2019

Basándonos en los informes eclesiásticos (seculares y regulares) y civiles, y a partir de analizar el cruce de factores como el poblamiento, las características étnicas de los pobladores y la diversidad espacial, en este artículo delineamos la manera en qué se fueron conformando los pueblos mixtos de la Huasteca potosina, y presentamos un bosquejo general en donde se ubicaron los diversos habitantes. La pervivencia de los pueblos, aun cuando los barrios se convirtieron en la referencia obligada de una casi “pureza india” frente a cabeceras y propiedades diversas o pluriétnicas, nos muestran las adaptaciones que realizaron los diversos habitantes, considerando desde un proceso de etnogénesis hasta la confrontación y expulsión de no indios de ciertas localidades. Hemos diferenciado y ubicado en su espacio a cada una de las posibles denominaciones étnicas con el fin de mostrar que lo indio no precisamente indica homogeneidad en las propias fuentes, sino importantes niveles de movilidad y diferenciación interna, ya que no era lo mismo ser identificado como pame o meco a autodefinirse como huasteco o “mexicano”.
La narrativa como señuelo publicitario en la prensa venezolana a finales del siglo XIX.
Authors: Aboaasi El Nimer Emad
Published: March 2019

A unas décadas de fenecer el siglo XIX, algunos publicistas venezolanos, con la intención de promocionar su mercancía en periódicos de distintas regiones del país, confeccionaron sus anuncios con cualidades narrativas muy similares a las del cuento. De ese modo ingenioso, idearon un nuevo estilo de hacer literatura bajo el marketing de un “realismo imaginario”, pero con fines mercantiles. En el presente artículo, se dará cuenta de ello.
Eduardo França Paiva, Dar nome ao novo: uma história lexical da Ibero-América entre os séculos XVI e XVIII (as dinâmicas de mestiçagens e o mundo do trabalho)
Authors: De Lima Souza Priscila
Published: March 2019

El libro del historiador brasileño Eduardo França Paiva, Dar nome ao novo: uma história lexical da Ibero-América entre os séculos XVI e XVIII (as dinâmicas de mestiçagens e o mundo do trabalho), contiene reflexiones que conectan el pasado y el presente de las sociedades latinoamericanas. Los lazos que encadenan una y otra dimensión del tiempo están relacionados con representaciones e imaginarios acerca de los negros y mestizos, los cuales son importantes contingentes poblacionales de esta ancha región.
Perubahan Luasan Mangrove Pesisir Timur Kabupaten Bangka Tengah Menggunakan Citra Satelit ASTER
Authors: Savira Navisa , Hartoko Agus , Adi Wahyu
Published: March 2019

Mangrove resources provide economic and ecological value. The expansion of residential areas makes the level of need for shelter as well as the region increases. This will have an impact on the utilization of mangrove in sufficient needs such as firewood, charcoal and building materials. If continue berlasngsung then do not deny the existence of mangrove degradation. The occurrence of mangrove degradation will have a direct impact on the local community. Considering the importance of mangrove function and the need for data of mangrove area change, it is needed to analyze the change of mangrove area in coastal of Bangka Tengah, which will be analyzed within 15 years in 2002 and 2017, so that the result of this study is expected to be further management by local government to conserve mangrove forests. This research was conducted from December 2017 to March 2018 with location station determination based on unsupervised image classification, that is classification based on digital number using RGB_231 image composite for ASTER image. Based on the results of the study, there is a change of mangrove area from 2002-2014 as much as 176.3 Ha or about 15.95% and in 2014-2017 there is an increase of 36.23 Ha or about 3.9%. The value of NDVI analys in East Coast of Central Bangka Regency in 2017 ranges from 0.005 to 0.156. the occurrence of the reduction of mangrove area due to the changing function of mangrove land into settlement, mangrove logging in the utilization of charcoal and mining industry. The addition of the extent of the addition of seedlings along the coast of Kurau and Penyak.
KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (PB) DAN KADMIUM (CD) PADA SEDIMEN DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI PAKIL KABUPATEN BANGKA
Authors: Miranda Fauzia , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Adibrata Sudirman
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to analyze the content of Pb and Cd in sediments in the river Pakil, Bangka, analyze the content of TOC and texture characteristics of sediments and fine sediment menganallisis relationship with heavy metals, as well as analyze the relationship between TOC with heavy metals. The experiment was conducted in April in Pakil River. Sampling in this research field as muchthree stations and three repetitions. Results of measurement of heavy metals in sediment Pb with an average range of 3.96 to 12.26 mg / kg. The measurement results Cd heavy metal content in the sediment with average range <.0004 to 0.53 mg / kg. Pb heavy metal content in the above mentioned stations have not passed the quality standard limits, for heavy metals Cd (Station 1) has passed the quality standard threshold based on the quality standards according to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA, 2000).The results of the correlation between heavy metals Pb with Sediment Texture positive correlation with R ² value of 0.5021, the correlation between the heavy metals Cd in Sediment Texture positive correlation with R² value of 0.7154. Correlation between heavy metals Pb with TOC in sediments positive correlation with R ² value of 0.9764, the correlation between heavy metals Pb with TOC in sediments positive correlation with R² value of 0.9956.
Strategi Pengembangan Perikanan Tangkap di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan
Authors: Kurniawan Kurniawan
Published: March 2019

Capture fishery in South Bangka Regency has the prospect to be developed as one of the leading sectors in regional economic development. The purpose of this research is to know and provide fish resource development plan in South Bangka Regency. The method used is descriptive method, with the taking of survey data, survey and study of relevant literature. SWOT analysis was conducted to make capture fisheries development strategy in South Bangka Regency. The results showed that South Bangka Regency has potential of fishery potential. While capture fisheries development strategy in South Bangka Regency are social, economic and sustainable development strategy, human resources strategy and development, promotion strategy for potential resources for development and development of facilities and infrastructure. supporters of fisheries development.
PEMANFAATAN DAUN SEBAGAI PEMBUNGKUS MAKANAN TRADISIONAL OLEH MASYARAKAT BANGKA (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Merawang)
Authors: Rini Rini , Fakhrurrozi Yulian , Akbarini Dian
Published: March 2019

One of food materials wrappings used are leaves. The leaves are natural and safe material to wrap foods. The use of materials are traditional knowledge is very valuable and including culture wealth. It must be give more attention to perpetuated and developed. This research was taked from April to Desember 2015 in Merawang district Bangka regency. Data colecting tecnic in this research were interview and direct observation, determining informans and location with purposive tecnic. The result of research showed to consist of 12 type from 7 plants family that it’s leaves used as traditional foods wrapping by people Merawang district Bangka regency. Plants species used is Arenga pinnata, Cocos nucifera, Nypa fruticans, Areca cathecu (Arecaceae); Dillenia suffruticosa (Dilleniaceae); Curculigo capitulata (Hypoxidaceae); Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae); Pandanus furcatus, Pandanus tectorius, Pandanus amaryllifolius (Pandanaceae); Bambusa sp. (Poaceae); and Etlingera sp. (Zingiberaceae). Arecaceae family plant is the most plant type is used. The plant type which is often used is banana leaves, namely used to 16 foods type
PERTUMBUHAN SETEK BEBERAPA VARIETAS Hoya coronaria DARI KAWASAN HUTAN KERANGAS AIR AINYIR, BANGKA
Authors: Yulianti Ida , Fakhrurrozi Yulian , Rahayu Sri
Published: March 2019

The research on vegetative propagation of several H. coronaria varieties from heath forest of Air Anyir Bangka, is the first step to cultivate as well as for conservation purpuses. This research purpose to study the growth of stem cutting from several H. coronaria varieties as well as to find the best cutting method. This research was done on Oktober 2015 until January 2016 at trial house on Gabek 2, Pangkalpinang. The experiment applied randomized factorial completely design of 2 factors with 15 level combinations. The first factor is 5 variety of H. coronaria and the second factor is 3 cutting methods with different leaves numbers. Three replications was applied with 3 cutting each of replications. The parameters were observed on the establishment of cuttings (life cutting presentation), root length, root total number, shoot total number, shoot length, stem diameter, leaves total number, leaf wide and internode total number. The result showed that most of all growth parameters except stem diameter were significantly influenced by the varieties differences. All growth parameters were also significantly influenced by the cutting methods as well as all treatment interaction. This result was assumed influence by cutting age an 7 weeks. The best fast growth varieties was variety 5. The best cutting method was 4 leaves cutting. The best treatment interaction was variety 4 with 4 leaves cutting. The slowest growth varieties was variety 1, and the slowest cutting was non leaves cutting. This result were assumed influencing by some factors such us the numbers of leave, nutrition, hormone, genetic and environment.
STRUKTUR HISTOLOGI HATI TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout 1769) DENGAN PEMBERIAN RAMUAN TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT MELAYU LINGGA, KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Fitmawati Fitmawati , Titrawani Titrawani , Safitri Welly
Published: March 2019

Lingga Island is the center of the Malay kingdom of Kepulauan Riau Province with local wisdom that is still ingrained in the community. Obat pahit is a decoction of linguistic stew of ethnic lingga community which is believed to be a youthful remedy and maintain stamina. This study aims to find histopathologic changes of liver white mice after the decoction of herb concoction of Obat pahit. The percentage of intercellular damage was nonexistent from the normal control group and positive control but different from the negative control group. Different types of medicinal herbs with different dosage levels.  But the damage is still in the normal, accessible category that has no toxic effects from bitter herbs on liver organ.
JENIS-JENIS CEMPEDAK (Artocarpus champaden Lour.) DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Fitmawati Fitmawati , Andani Via , Sofiyanti Nery
Published: March 2019

Cempedak (Artocarpus champaden Lour.) is one of the special fruits in Southeast Asia which is the prima donna of the community. In the province of Riau, cempedak found in many areas of Kampar regency. This study aims to identify the types of cempedak that exist in Kampar regency. Based on the results of the research, cempedak is categorized into four cultivars ie cempedak pulp cultivars, cempedak forest cultivars, cempedak langkat cultivars and cempedak nangkadak cultivars, from four cempedak cultivars found, Nempadak cempedak cultivars and Langkat cultivars are the most superior cempedak cultivars because they have fruits big, lots of content, thick meat and sweet taste.
FAG Salmonella ASAL LIMBAH PASAR IKAN DAN AIR SUNGAI DI SEKITAR KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Deshanda Rizky Putri , Lingga Rahmad , Hidayati Nur Annis , Sari Eka , Hertati Rossy
Published: March 2019

Seven Salmonella lytic phages found in water sample of river near UBB campus building. Phages were characterized by plaque morphology (plaque diameter size and shape) and phage host range. Phages formed plaques with diameter size ranges from 1.06 mm to 4.90 mm, and form shape such as small dot, circle, elongated, or irregular. Factors effect plaque forming by phages are phage titer number and incubation time. All phage isolates have broad host range include Gram negative and positive. Six phage isolates are able to lyse Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, meanwhile one phage isolate is able to lyse Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus.
POTENSI DAUN KAYU LUBANG (Timonius flavescens (Jacq.) Baker) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MENGATASI JERAWAT
Authors: Nita Cici Nasya , Fembriyanto Rosha Kurnia , Hidayati Nur Annis
Published: March 2019

Kayu lubang are plants which one traditionally used to acne treatment. Scientifically acne is caused bacteria’s such as Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus infection. The growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus be inhibition with phytochemical compounds contained leaves of kayu lubang. The purpose of this research was to identification phytochemical compunds from rude extract ethanol leaves of kayu lubang and which consentration extract that shows the optimum to inhibition growth of Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus in antibacterial activity test. Phytochemical test conducted qualitative and antibacterial activity test using disc diffusion with concentration 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% dan 40% in 3 replication. Based on the results showed that in general those leaves contain alcaloid, phenol, tannin and steroid. The optimum inhibition zone results of extract  inhibition bacterial growth at concentration of 40%,  inhibition zone Propionibacterium acnes inhibition zone of 6,83 mm while Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was 5,53  mm. Based on the results of statistical tests DMRT effects of extracts leaves of kayu lubang  against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes  and  Staphylococcus aureus showed significant differences among for 95% confidence.
Evaluation of the relationship between gingival phenotype and alveolar bone morphology
Authors: ERCAN Esra , BİLGİN Elif , KOPRUCU Saliha , KAYİPMAZ Saadettin
Published: March 2019

Objective In recent years, the determination of gingival phenotype has gained importance in the field of dentistry. Bone and gingival relationship may directly affect the success rate of treatment modalities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between gingival phenotype and underlying alveolar bone thickness. Methods In this study, we investigated the relationship between the clinical periodontal parameters and gingival phenotypes on the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image taken in the last 3 months of a total of 207 teeth. The gingival phenotype was identified as “thin” / “medium” / “thick” with the newly developed Hu-Friedy Colorvue ® phenotype probe. Clinical periodontal parameters, width of keratinized tissue and gingival recession values were recorded. Buccal bone thickness was measured at three points, as crestal 1, 2 and 4 mm. on CBCT images. Results According to the results, in thin phenotype, width of keratinized gingiva and bone thickness at three levels was found significantly lower than thick phenotype (p<0.016). In medium phenotype bone thickness at crestal 2 and 4 mm were found to be significantly less than the thick phenotype (p<0.016). Additionally a negative correlation was seen between gingival recession and bone thickness at crestal 2 and 4 mm levels (p<0.05). Conclusions We observed that there was a significant positive correlation between the gingival phenotype and buccal alveolar bone thickness. We suggest that the amount of bone thickness may be effective on ginigval recession.
Surface-capped copper nanoadditive for improvement of base oil properties
Authors: Shaon F , Rana AA , Masum SM , Ullah MA , Karim MM
Published: March 2019

Copper nanoparticles surface-capped by alkanethiol with long carbon chain length was prepared successfully by chemical reduction method. 1-dodecanethiol was used as the coating material for the desired smooth and protected surface. Various reaction parameters, like effect of pH, molar ratio of the reactants etc. had been tested experimentally to explore the most suitable and economical way of using the chemical reduction method. Uniform, smooth surface and spherical shaped copper nanoparticles, with particle size of about 40-60 nm had been produced successfully. Copper nanoparticles surface-capped by alkanethiol (C12S-Cu) was characterized by means of x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Uniform dispersion of copper nanoadditive in base oil using ultrasonic method was investigated. The tribological behavior of C12S-Cu as an additive for base oil was evaluated. Viscosity, pour point, and flash point of nano lubricants at different concentrations of nanoadditive (0.2, and 0.5 wt %) were evaluated.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 1-10, 2019
Synergic effect of recycled cotton fabric and wood saw dust reinforced biodegradable polypropylene composites
Authors: Islam MK , Sharif A , Hussain M , Hassan I
Published: March 2019

Hybrid polymer matrix composites of waste cotton fabric and wood saw dust reinforcements were studied with a view to recycling the wastes from garments and carpentry industries. Polymer composites with cotton fabric and wood-saw-dust reinforcements were fabricated using hot press machine. Their physical, thermal and mechanical behaviors were discussed in terms of moisture absorption, thermal stability, tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus. Compositional analyses of fibers, matrix and composites were carried out with FTIR spectroscopy. Experimental results revealed that tensile and flexural strength of the composites increased with cotton fabric reinforcement. On the other hand, with increasing wood saw dust strength decreased up to a certain limit and then increased again. Water absorption of the hybrid composites increased substantially with increasing natural filler contents. Maximum water absorption was observed in 20% fabric/wood-saw-dust reinforced polymer composite. Furthermore, TGA graphs suggest better thermal stability of the hybrid composites than that of pure polypropylene.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 21-30, 2019
Synthesis of solketal over zirconia based acid catalysts
Authors: Reena SS , Shamshuddin SMZ , Vasantha VT , D’Souza JQ
Published: March 2019

Microwave assisted synthesis of ‘solketal’ over zirconia (ZrO2) and its modified forms (Mo(VI)/ZrO2, W(VI)/ZrO2 and V(V)/ZrO2) coated on honeycomb monoliths is reported. The solid acids were coated on honeycomb monoliths by ‘dip and dry’ method and characterized for their surface acidity, crystalinity, functionality, morphology and elemental analysis by using techniques such as NH3-Temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The honeycomb monoliths coated with solid acids were employed as catalysts in the condensation of glycerol with acetone to synthesize solketal under microwave irradiation conditions. The reaction conditions such as molar ratio of the reactants (glycerol: acetone), reaction temperature, reaction time were studied to obtain highest possible yield of solketal with greater selectivity. The catalytic activity of honeycomb catalytic material was compared with the powder forms of the catalysts. 98% yield of solketal with 98% selectivity was achieved over Mo(VI)/ZrO2 coated on a honeycomb monolith in a very shorter reaction time of 8 min at 60 oC under microwave heating. These honeycomb catalytic material were found to be easily reactivable and reusable atleast for 6 reaction cycles. Hence, honeycomb catalysts were found to be efficient, economical and effective in the synthesis of value added chemical such as solketal. A possible mechanism for the formation of solketal is proposed.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 31-38, 2019
Sawdust-kaolinite composite as efficient sorbent for heavy metal ions
Authors: Ogbu IC , Akpomie KG , Osunkunle AA , Eze SI
Published: March 2019

The improvement of the adsorption capacity of clay minerals using chemicals though effective is expensive, results in secondary contamination and noxious to the environment. This study was therefore aimed at the development of a new sawdust clay modified adsorbent (SDKC) as an alternative means of improving the adsorption capacity of kaolinite. The adsorbents were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Batch sorption was employed to determine the effect of pH, metal concentration, sorbent dose, time and temperature on the removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions from solution by the adsorbents. Optimum operating conditions of pH 6.0, metal concentration 200mg/L, sorbent dose 0.1g was obtained. Equilibrium isotherm analysis indicated the Langmuir, Temkin and Flory-Huggins models to be more suitable than the Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R). The kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, the Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. The analysis revealed that the adsorption process followed pseudo second order model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters showed an endothermic, spontaneous and a physisorption process between both metal ions and the adsorbents. The obtained result of the experiment indicated a significant improvement in the uptake of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions on the sawdust modified kaolinite adsorbent than the untreated kaolinite clay. This could be utilized as an alternative to chemical treatment methods

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 99-110, 2019
Effects of non-chemical treatments on postharvest diseases, shelf life and quality of papaya under two different maturity stages
Authors: Rashid Md. Harun Ar , Borman Biplov Chandra , Hasna Mahbuba Kaniz , Begum Hosne -Ara
Published: March 2019

Papaya is a climacteric fruit and highly perishable in nature, which trigger ethylene production and hence, its consumption period is very short after harvesting. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratories of the Departments of Horticulture and Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University; and Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from March to June 2018 to study the effect of non-chemical treatments on postharvest diseases, shelf life and quality of papaya under two different maturity stages. The two-factor experiment consisted of two maturity stages viz. (i) Maturity stage 1 (M1: mature green colour) and (ii) Maturity stage 2 (M2: 0-10% yellowing); and six non-chemical treatments viz. (i) Control (T0), (ii) Hot water treatment @ 50°C for 10 minutes (T1), (iii) Gamma irradiation @ 0.08 kGy for 10 minutes (T2), (iv) Chitosan coating @ 2% (T3), (iv) Hot water + gamma irradiation (T4), and (vi) Hot water + chitosan coating (T5). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. The combined effect of maturity stages and non-chemical treatments were significant on all the parameters studied viz. external colour, weight loss, pulp to peel ratio, pulp pH, total soluble solids (TSS), disease incidence and severity, and shelf life of papaya. The papaya fruits under combined treatment of hot water plus gamma irradiation showed better appearance and external colour than the others at both maturity stages. The maximum weight loss was recorded in M1T0 (17.96%) followed by M2T0 (16.58%) while the minimum was found in M1T5 (3.69) followed by M2T5 (3.91). The highest pulp to peel ratio was observed in M1T4 (3.82) followed by M1T5 (3.78), while the lowest (3.00) was recorded in control under both maturity stages. The highest pulp pH was observed in M2T4 (6.15) followed by M2T5 (6.07) while the lowest was found in M2T0 (4.83) followed by M1T0 (5.05). The maximum disease incidence and severity were recorded (100%) in M1T0 and M2T0, whereas the minimum disease incidence (81%) and severity (12.36%) was found in M1T4. The longest shelf life (16.50 days) was obtained in M1T4 followed by M2T4 (15.25 days) and the shortest shelf life (8.65 days) was observed in M2T0 followed by M1T0 (9.25 days). Thus, hot water plus gamma irradiation followed by hot water plus chitosan coating under both maturity stages could be used to significantly reduce postharvest fungal infection, extend shelf life and improve quality of papaya.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 14–25, March 2019
Determinants of drought risk coping mechanisms among the farmers of Northern region of Bangladesh
Authors: Farid Kazi Shek , Tanny Nishith Zahan , Rahman Md Wakilur
Published: March 2019

Drought is a major constraint on agricultural production and livelihood in the north-western region of Bangladesh. An understanding of the effects of drought and farmers’ coping mechanisms is essential in designing technological and policy interventions for effective drought mitigation. The current study investigates the impacts of drought, examines farmers’ coping strategies for drought induced crop failure and the determinants of their mechanism choices by employing both quantitative and qualitative approach.  Multiple data sources, including semi-structured interview survey with 218 randomly selected farmers; and four focus group discussions with farmers, local leaders, NGO workers, and government officials were used to capture various aspects of drought risks and coping practices.  ‘Multinomial logit’ model was adopted to analyze the factors affecting the decision of coping strategies in response to drought. Results of farm household survey data indicates that the respondents experienced 3.15 droughts on an average in last five years which affected about 15 percent of their crop land and resulted more than 17 percent crop loss per year. Focus group discussions confirm that farmers followed various traditional ex ante and ex post coping strategies in order to avoid crop loss and minimize livelihood constraints.  The coping mechanisms mostly adopted by farmers among others were borrowing money, cultivating less water consuming crops and cutting meals.  Findings of multinomial logistic regression model reveal that the environment determinant of the choices of coping options was frequency of drought and main socio-economic determinants of coping choices were crop loss due to drought and land holding systems.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 58–64, March 2019
Effect of pretreatments on drying behavior of eggplant
Authors: Khan Md Junaeid , Yeasmin Farjana , Islam Md Nazrul , Ahmmed Raju , Das Pabitra Chandra , Ali Md Hatem
Published: March 2019

Eggplant is a familiar and admired vegetable in Bangladesh. It is a highly perishable vegetable and cannot be preserved long. Drying is an ancient preservation method used to extend shelf-life of fruits and vegetables. Different Pretreatments may affect the drying kinetics of foods. A study was conducted to evaluate how pretreatments affect the drying behavior of eggplant. Proximate composition of fresh eggplant was analyzed. The samples of constant thickness (8 mm) were dried at 50°C, 55°C and 60°C to determine the effect of temperature on drying rate constant, while for determining the effect of thickness on rate constant, eggplant slices of 4, 6 and 8 mm thicknesses were dried at a constant temperature of 55°C. It was observed that, drying rate decreased with the increase in thickness and the index ‘n’ was found to be 0.89 at 55°C. Under similar drying condition at constant thickness (8 mm), drying time showed an inverse relationship with temperature. The activation energy (Ea) was calculated as 3.242 Kcal/g-mole. Eggplant slices having the highest thickness (8 mm) were blanched at 70°C, 75°C and 80°C for 1, 2 and 2.5 minutes, respectively using hot water bath to determine the effective blanching time and temperature. It was observed that the samples blanched at 75°C and 80°C for 2 minute were enough to inactivate the enzymes. Pretreated (blanched, sulphited and blanched plus sulphited) eggplant slices having constant thickness (8 mm) were dried at constant temperature of 55°C. The drying time was influenced by pretreatments. The highest drying rate was observed for eggplant slices with blanched plus sulphited (5% KMS solution) samples while eggplant slices with 5%KMS solution dipped for 10 minutes showed the lowest drying rate. In case of fresh slices, drying time was lower than blanched and sulphited samples but higher than blanched plus sulphited samples. Pretreatment was also found effective on the color changes (preservation or degradation). Blanching gave a bright color compared to fresh sample but less bright compared to sulphited samples. In case of SO2 retention, blanched plus sulphited sample showed higher retention than sulphited sample. Sulphited sample retains 44.8 ppm SO2/100g of sulphited sample, while the blanched plus sulphited sample retains 280 ppm SO2/100 g of blanched plus sulphited sample.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 105–109, March 2019
Genealogy of Shevchenko’s mother Kateryna Boyko
Authors: Karpinchuk Halyna
Published: March 2019

The article explores the genealogy of Shevchenko’s mother Kateryna Boyko based on archival materials of the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv, the State Archive of Kyiv Region and the State Archive of Cherkasy Region. The author investigated this family tree starting from the end of the 18th century and until 1859, when Shevchenko visited Ukraine for the last time. In particular, the history of the poet’s family in connection with his grandfather Omelian Boyko was analyzed. The assumption that family line of Shevchenko’s mother originates from Carpathian rebel and contemporary of Oleksa Dovbush Ivan Boyko was rejected. Some details about the closest relatives of T. Shevchenko, namely his uncle Pavlo, aunts Dariya, Yevdokiya and Anna, have been clarified. Information about two unknown writer’s aunts Varvara and Motria has been found.

The assertion that the mother’s family line lacked descendants was refuted. The surnames in marriage of the five Shevchenko’s aunts, having maiden surname Boyko, have been determined. They were Varvara Kryvenko, Motria Zavaliy, Dariya Diachenko, Yevdokiya Diadenko, Hanna Shkurup. By now we have information about forty nine poet’s cousins, seventy four nephews and three great-grandchildren of his aunts. The comprehensive analysis of the archival materials allows the researcher to deny the existence of Ahafiya Yakymivna Boyko, the alleged poet’s mother according to some media reports.

The article also refers to the administrative structure, nature and geography of the village Moryntsi in the first half of the 19th century. The life of Ukrainian peasants is discribed based on the story “Kniahynia” (“Princess”) by T. Shevchenko as well as archival documents and research works by V. Hrabovetskyi, V. Orlyk, L. Pohylevych, O. Stepanyshyna.