bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MiR-122-5p regulates erastin-induced ferroptosis via CS in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Guo Liqing , Wang Zhi , Fu Yanpeng , Wu Shuhong , Zhu Yaqiong , Yuan Jiasheng , Liu Yuehui
Published: May 2024

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a tumor that occurs in the nasopharynx. Although advances in detection and treatment have improved the prognosis of NPC the treatment of advanced NPC remains challenging. Here, we explored the effect of microRNA (miR)-122-5p on erastin-induced ferroptosis in NPC cells and the role of ferroptosis in the development of NPC. The effect of miR-122-5p silencing and overexpression and the effect of citrate synthase on erastin-induced lipid peroxidation in NPC cells was analyzed by measuring the amounts of malondialdehyde, Fe2+, glutathione, and reactive oxygen species and the morphological alterations of mitochondria. The malignant biological behavior of NPC cells was examined by cell counting kit-8, EDU, colony formation, Transwell, and wound healing assays. The effects of miR-122-5p on cell proliferation and migration associated with ferroptosis were examined in vivo in a mouse model of NPC generated by subcutaneous injection of NPC cells. We found that erastin induced ferroptosis in NPC cells. miR-122-5p overexpression inhibited CS, thereby promoting erastin-induced ferroptosis in NPC cells and decreasing NPC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
Helicobacter pylori infection in infant rhesus macaque monkeys is associated with an altered lung and oral microbiome
Authors: Siegel Noah A. , Jimenez Monica T. , Rocha Clarissa Santos , Rolston Matthew , Dandekar Satya , Solnick Jay V. , Miller Lisa A.
Published: May 2024

It is estimated that more than half of the world population has been infected with Helicobacter pylori. Most newly acquired H. pylori infections occur in children before 10 years of age. We hypothesized that early life H. pylori infection could influence the composition of the microbiome at mucosal sites distant to the stomach. To test this hypothesis, we utilized the infant rhesus macaque monkey as an animal model of natural H. pylori colonization to determine the impact of infection on the lung and oral microbiome during a window of postnatal development. From a cohort of 4–7 month-old monkeys, gastric biopsy cultures identified 44% of animals infected by H. pylori. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of lung washes and buccal swabs from animals showed distinct profiles for the lung and oral microbiome, independent of H. pylori infection. In order of relative abundance, the lung microbiome was dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota, Campilobacterota and Actinobacteriota while the oral microbiome was dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Fusobacteriota. In comparison to the oral cavity, the lung was composed of more genera and species that significantly differed by H. pylori status, with a total of 6 genera and species that were increased in H. pylori negative infant monkey lungs. Lung, but not plasma IL-8 concentration was also associated with gastric H. pylori load and lung microbial composition. We found the infant rhesus macaque monkey lung harbors a microbiome signature that is distinct from that of the oral cavity during postnatal development. Gastric H. pylori colonization and IL-8 protein were linked to the composition of microbial communities in the lung and oral cavity. Collectively, these findings provide insight into how H. pylori infection might contribute to the gut-lung axis during early childhood and modulate future respiratory health.
A novel GH3-β-glucosidase from soda lake metagenomic libraries with desirable properties for biomass degradation
Authors: Jeilu Oliyad , Alexandersson Erik , Johansson Eva , Simachew Addis , Gessesse Amare
Published: May 2024

Beta-glucosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of the glycosidic bonds of cellobiose, producing glucose, which is a rate-limiting step in cellulose biomass degradation. In industrial processes, β-glucosidases that are tolerant to glucose and stable under harsh industrial reaction conditions are required for efficient cellulose hydrolysis. In this study, we report the molecular cloning, Escherichia coli expression, and functional characterization of a β-glucosidase from the gene, CelGH3_f17, identified from metagenomics libraries of an Ethiopian soda lake. The CelGH3_f17 gene sequence contains a glycoside hydrolase family 3 catalytic domain (GH3). The heterologous expressed and purified enzyme exhibited optimal activity at 50 °C and pH 8.5. In addition, supplementation of 1 M salt and 300 mM glucose enhanced the β-glucosidase activity. Most of the metal ions and organic solvents tested did not affect the β-glucosidase activity. However, Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions, Mercaptoethanol and Triton X-100 reduce the activity of the enzyme. The studied β-glucosidase enzyme has multiple industrially desirable properties including thermostability, and alkaline, salt, and glucose tolerance.
Association of periodontal disease with gestational diabetes mellitus among postpartum women at a private tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jamal Wafa Zehra , Khan Farhan Raza , Zuberi Nadeem , Kazmi Syed Murtaza Raza , Rozi Shafquat
Published: May 2024

Due to the overlapping aetiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Periodontal disease (PD), which are prevalent metabolic disorder and chronic inflammatory disorder in pregnant women respectively, they are often at risk of developing both diseases simultaneously. This study aims to evaluate the association of periodontal disease and gestational diabetes mellitus among post-partum women who delivered within 24 h at private tertiary care hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Analytical cross sectional study with sample size of 178 by non- probability purposive sampling, a total of 101 postpartum women (57%) were diagnosed with periodontal disease and 50 (28%) were GDM positive. Of those who had PD, 35% (n = 35/101) were GDM positive. An insignificant association of the prevalence ratio of GDM in women with periodontal disease was found. [PR = 1.7; 95% CI: 0.2–3.2; p-value 0.07] A statistically significant association was found between the prevalence ratio of GDM in women with obesity. It was 2.6 times compared to women who were not obese (p value < 0.01, 95% CI: 1.3–5.1). There is insignificant association found between the prevalence ratio of GDM in women with periodontal disease in our setting. Women who are overweight or tend to gain weight should be closely monitored and guided to take dietary measures.
Comparative analysis of the quality of life regarding patients who underwent hip replacement in public versus private hospitals in Hungary
Authors: Kajos Luca Fanni , Molics Bálint , Than Péter , Gőbel Gyula , Elmer Diána , Pónusz-Kovács Dalma , Csákvári Tímea , Kovács Bettina , Horváth Lilla , Bódis József , Boncz Imre
Published: May 2024

The study aimed to investigate the impact of hip replacement surgery on the quality of life and to compare the outcomes by sociodemographic and surgical data in Hungarian public and private hospitals. Patients were selected at the Department of Orthopaedics (Clinical Centre, University of Pécs) and at the Da Vinci Private Clinic in Pécs. Patients completed the SF-36 and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) questionnaires before the surgery, 6 weeks and 3 months later. We also evaluated socio-demographic data, disease and surgical conditions. The research involved 128 patients, 60 patients in public, 68 patients in private hospital. Despite the different sociodemographic characteristics and surgical outcomes of public and private healthcare patients, both groups had significantly improved the quality of life 3 months after hip replacement surgery measured by OHS and SF-36 physical health scores (p < 0.001). In the mental health score, only the patients of the private health sector showed a significant improvement (p < 0.001). The extent of improvement did not differ between the two healthcare sectors according to the OHS questionnaire (p = 0.985). While the SF-36 physical health score showed a higher improvement for public patients (p = 0.027), the mental health score showed a higher improvement for private patients (p = 0.015).
Digital technologies for construction sustainability: Status quo, challenges, and future prospects
Authors: Lu Weisheng , Lou Jinfeng , Ababio Benjamin Kwaku , Zhong Ray Y. , Bao Zhikang , Li Xiao , Xue Fan
Published: May 2024

The nexus between digital technologies (DTs) and sustainability in the built environment has attracted increasing research interest in recent years, yet understanding DT utilization and its impact on construction processes remains fragmented. To address this gap, this study conducts a systematic review of the construction sustainability literature to analyze and synthesize research findings on the application of DTs at various stages of the construction lifecycle. We undertake an in-depth content analysis of 72 articles, with findings revealing that prominent DTs for construction sustainability include building information modeling, the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence. We also identify that the application of DTs for sustainability across the construction lifecycle is clustered in four areas: namely (1) integration and collaboration; (2) optimization, simulation, and decision-making; (3) tracking, monitoring, and control; and (4) training. Based on existing knowledge gaps, future research opportunities are identified, including the development of integrated and interoperable systems, long-term performance and resilience, and advanced simulation and modeling techniques. This study contributes to the literature on construction digitalization by offering a complete overview of research investigations in relation to construction sustainability and identifying research crucial to advancing a DT-enabled sustainable built environment.
Structural characterization of PHOX2B and its DNA interaction shed light on the molecular basis of the +7Ala variant pathogenicity in CCHS
Authors: Diana Donatella , Pirone Luciano , Russo Luigi , D’Abrosca Gianluca , Madheswaran Manoj , Benfante Roberta , Di Lascio Simona , Caldinelli Laura , Fornasari Diego , Acconcia Clementina , Corvino Andrea , Ventserova Nataliia , Pollegioni Loredano , Isernia Carla , Di Gaetano Sonia , Malgieri Gaetano , Pedone Emilia M. , Fattorusso Roberto
Published: May 2024

We report the NMR characterization of PHOX-20A and its interaction with DNA. The C-terminal tail bearing the polyAla sequence plays a key role in the formation of a homodimeric structure.
Construction of a novel fluorescent probe for sensitive determination of glyphosate in food and imaging living cells
Authors: Lin Xiaoping , Chen Taiyi , Hu Jiayun , Mao Xiaoqiong , Liu Mengqing , Zeng Rongying , Zhong Qingmei , Chen Wen
Published: May 2024

A novel dual-signal fluorescent probe for sensitive determination of glyphosate in food and imaging living cells.
Enhancement of the voltage output of droplet electricity generators using high dielectric high-entropy oxide composites
Authors: Zhou Yanan , Zeng Yan , Wang Jianming , Li Xiaoyi , Wang Peng , Ma Wenlong , Wang Congyu , Li Jiawei , Jiang Wenyong , Zhang Dun
Published: May 2024

By doping high-entropy materials into PDMS as an intermediate layer, HP-DEG achieve high voltage output performance and excellent applications.
Light-driven soft microrobots based on hydrogels and LCEs: development and prospects
Authors: Gao Yingnan , Wang Xiaowen , Chen Yibao
Published: May 2024

In this paper, the driving materials, driving mechanisms and application scenarios of light-driven soft microrobots are reviewed, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. Finally, we pointed out the challenges faced by light-driven soft micro robots and proposed corresponding solutions.
A C–H functionalization approach to diverse nitrogenous scaffolds through conjugate addition of catalytic allyliron nucleophiles
Authors: Scrivener Sarah G. , Wang Yi-Ming
Published: May 2024

Cyclopentadienyliron(ii) dicarbonyl complexes capable of coordinating to and enhancing the acidity of a range of unsaturated substrates have emerged as a new class of base-metal derived catalysts for C–H functionalization.
Near-infrared photocatalysis with cyanines: synthesis, applications and perspectives
Authors: Sellet Nicolas , Frey Johanna , Cormier Morgan , Goddard Jean-Philippe
Published: May 2024

Cyanines are organic dyes bearing two aza-heterocycles linked by a polymethine chain.
Enhancing C2+product selectivity in CO2electroreduction by enriching intermediates over carbon-based nanoreactors
Authors: Wang Min , Chen Chunjun , Jia Shuaiqiang , Han Shitao , Dong Xue , Zhou Dawei , Yao Ting , Fang Minghui , He Mingyuan , Xia Wei , Wu Haihong , Han Buxing
Published: May 2024

A carbon-based nanoreactor could enrich *CO intermediates through steric confinement, thus facilitating electrocatalytic C–C coupling.
Thermal control over phosphorescence or thermally activated delayed fluorescence in a metal–organic framework
Authors: Sun Huili , Zhang Qiangsheng , Meng Liuli , Wang Zhonghao , Fan Yanan , Mayor Marcel , Pan Mei , Su Cheng-Yong
Published: May 2024

By integrating a tailor-made donor–acceptor (D–A) ligand in a metal–organic framework (MOF), a material with unprecedented features emerges.
The Effect of Polyethylene Terephthalate Microplastics on the Growth of Mice
Authors: Hermayanti Diah , Setyobudi Roy Hendroko , Anwar Shazma , Garfansa Marchel Putra , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Setiawan Meddy , Liwang Tony , Subchi Thontowi Djauhari Nur , Zalizar Lili , Adinurani Praptiningsih Gamawati , Mariyam Dewi , Susanti Mardiana Sri , Damat Damat , Savitri Evika Sandi , Prahardika Bayu Agung , Wahono Satriyo Krido , Punjungsari Tyas Nyonita , Vania Vera , Aprilianti Rafika , Farzana Afrida Rizka
Published: May 2024

Over the course of the previous decade, there has been a growing apprehension regarding the presence of MPs. This concern has arisen because of the detrimental effects of MPs pollution on the well-being of both animals and people. This study explores the potential implications of MPs contamination on mice. This study examined the impact of microplastics on mice by feeding four food experiment; P0 (pellet BR1), P1 (potato from Pujon Farm), P2 (potato mixed 300 µg PET) and P3 (potato mixed 600 µg PET). Body weight, feces weight, and left feed were observed in this study. Food contaminated with microplastics (MPs) has a negative effect on appetite, feces weight and body weight of mice. This process has an impact on reducing the weight of feces, appetite, body weight of mice and weight of mice. It is suspected that MPs in rat digestion increase concentrations of mice corticosterone metabolites and carcass fat, suggesting an adaptation of metabolism to this situation. Another impact is expected the decrease in microbial richness in the intestines of mice, causing a decrease in mice weight and body weight of mice. The high concentration of MPs entering the digestive tract can also reduce the rats’ appetite.
Utilization of Rice Husk Waste and Gliricidia to Pink Oyster Mushroom Production and Nutritional Content
Authors: Indratmi Dian , Sari Julia Ellyka , Wachid Mochammad , Rachmawan Muhammad Danang
Published: May 2024

Pink oyster mushroom has economic value, non-cholesterol food source and high nutrition. Gliricidia leaves and rice husks are abundantly available in nature, but not utilized optimally yet. They contain nutrients for the growth and development of pink oyster mushrooms. This study aims to determine effect of gliricidia leaves and rice husks as additional supplements to growing media on the growth, yield, and nutritional content of pink oyster mushrooms. The study used completely randomized simple design consisting of six treatments, repeated four times. The treatments consisted of control, 150 g rice husk + 30 g gliricidia leaves; 120 g rice husk + 60 g gliricidia; 90 g rice husk + 90 g gliricidia; 60 g rice husk + 120 g gliricidia; 30 g rice husk + 150 g gliricidia. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance with F test. The results showed addition of gliricidia leaves and rice waste in form of rice husks as additional supplements to pink oyster mushroom growing medium was able to increase production by 2.2 times or 120 %; increase the nutritional value of mushrooms as indicated by an increase in protein, ash, and water content; and reduced fat content.
Enhancing Potato Crop cv. Granola Kembang – G2 Resilience Agaist Phytophthora infestans with Bamboo Rhizobacteria
Authors: Roeswitawati Dyah , Husen Syarif , Anwar Shazma , Setyobudi Roy Hendroko , Adinurani Praptiningsih Gamawati , Iqrar Irum , Widayat Aris Tian Samsul
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to assess the ability of bacteria living in bamboo roots to suppress the pathogen Phytophthora infestans in Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Granola Kembang—G2. The research was conducted in Pujon Village, Malang Regency, East Java, from March to June 2022, using a factorial experiment arranged at random groups. The first factor is Plant Grow Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), i.e. P1, PGPR derived from bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl) roots; and P2, PGPR from Biopharma. The second factor is the concentration of PGPR, namely 10 mg L–1 (C1), 20 mg L–1 (C2), and 30 mg L–1 (C3). There was no significant interaction between the PGPR source and the PGPR concentration treatment on the observed variables except tuber weight ha–1. The PGPR source did not show significant differences in the intensity of disease attacks, the number of tubers plant–1, and the percentage of tuber damage. PGPR concentrations showed significant differences in these three variables. The concentration of PGPR, which effectively and efficiently suppresses disease, is 20 mg L–1 (C2), which is suitable for potato tuber production is 30 mg L–1 (C3).
Growth and Yield Responses of Zea mays to Different Granule Biofertilizer Applications
Authors: Ishartati Erny , Sufianto Sufianto , Iriany Aniek , Ikhwan Ali , Putra Otto Iskandar Kurniawan , Huu Nguyen Ngoc , Iqrar Irum , Mejaya Made Jana
Published: May 2024

One of several factors that could increase maize production is the use of biofertilizers produced from microorganisms. The objective of this study was to obtain a granule biofertilizer formulation with Citrobacter murliniae, Raoultella terrigana, and Enterobacter hormaechei bacteria in increasing the growth and yield of several maize cultivar. The research was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malang and experimental land in Singosari Malang, East Java, Indonesia from November 2020 to April 2021. The treatments were arranged in split plot design and repeated three times. The main plot was the density of Rhizobacteria which consisted of R0 = without Rhizobacteria, R1 = density 107, R2 = density 108, and R3 = density 109. Sub-plot was maize cultivar consisted of C1: Pertiwi 3, C2: Bisi 18, C3: Bisi 2, C4: Syngenta NK 6172, and C5: Pioner P27. Each experimental unit was represented by five sample plants. Results of the study showed that the treatment of bacterial colony density on biofertilizer granules has not been able to increase the growth and yield of maize, except for the average weight of cob and weight of cob without maize on the various cultivar studied.
A Comparative Study of the Adhesive Effects of Polyvinyl Acetate and Molasses on the Durability of Bio–Briquettes Made from Cassava Peel Charcoal
Authors: Fitriyano Gema , Sari Fatma , Rahim Dicka Ar , Nabilah Rifa , Wulandari Qodriani Apri
Published: May 2024

The significance of adhesive in the production of bio-briquettes emerges as a pivotal element in attaining success throughout their creation and utilization. Adhesive assumes a central function in consolidating the raw components of bio–briquettes into a dense structure that can be efficiently combusted. The use of adhesives, such as polyvinyl acetate or molasses, affects the physical and chemical properties of bio–briquettes, including their mechanical strength, moisture content, and calorific value. This study aims to optimize the use of adhesives to enhance the durability and performance of bio–briquettes. The optimum result of this research is bio-briquette products that use 67 % polyvinyl acetate adhesive, with a durability of 100 %, moisture content of 3.3 %, density of 1.23 g cm-3, and calorific value of 3 572.67 cal g–1.
Effect of Stevia Leaf Extract Substitution on Functional Pudding Characteristics
Authors: Mujianto Mujianto , Zalizar Lili , Damat Damat , Relawati Rahayu , Harini Noor , Andoko Effendi , Nisar Asma , Harahap Burhanuddin , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi
Published: May 2024

Extracted stevia leaves can be natural sweetener in pudding. This research aimed to obtain formulation of functional pudding with stevia leaf extract as a substitute for granulated sugar. This research used a simple randomized block design consisting of three replications. The treatments added were the proportion of sugar and stevia leaf extract, which consisted of six treatments, namely 170 g and 0 g, 136 g and 0.17 g, 102 g and 0.34 g, 68 g and 0.51 g, 34 g and 0.68 g, 0 g and 0.85 g. Variables of the tests carried out are rate fiber food, syneresis test, texture test, color test, pH test, and organoleptic test. The best treatment was pudding sugar 0 g and extract stevia leaves 0.85 g with average rate fiber 0.21 %, syneresis test 2.7167 mg min-1, gel strength 50.1 N, intensity color: brightness (L) 31.26, redness (a) 0.33, yellowish (b) 1.13, organoleptic: color 3.50 (fair), aroma 2.5 (no smell), taste 3.47 (enough delicious), texture 3.47 (enough soft), pH 7.41. Differences in the proportion of stevia leaf extract did not have a significant effect on the redness level and organoleptic variables of the pudding aroma but has a real effect on other variables, i.e rate fiber, syneresis, gel strength, brightness level, yellowish level, pH, color, taste, and texture.
Improvement of Antioxidant Activity and Quality of Coffee Milk using Rosa sp. Petal Powder
Authors: Asiyah Rokhmatul , Saati Elfi Anis , Layyina Hafizhah , Manshur Hanif Alamudin , Husna Afifa , Putri Desiana Nuriza , Jan Asad , Utama Muhammad Mashuri
Published: May 2024

Coffee has become a favorite drink worldwide for centuries, and demand for healthier coffee has increased. Rose coffee milk is a novel innovation combining coffee and rose flavor with its anthocyanins, known for their antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different milk and coffee concentrations on rose milk coffee’s physicochemical and sensorial evaluation. The research has shown that the combination of milk types and coffee concentrations significantly affected the physicochemical properties of coffee milk. Furthermore, the type of milk and coffee concentration also significantly influenced the coffee milk’s color and aroma. On the contrary, the coffee concentration determined the coffee milk taste. Panelists preferred higher coffee concentrations, and the best rose milk coffee was obtained on UHT milk and 30 % coffee concentration. The sensorial properties of the sensorial evaluation showed that the coffee milk was engaging, with a slightly dark color, aromatic aroma, and delicious taste. Overall, rose milk coffee is a promising innovation in the coffee industry, and this study provides important insights into the effects of milk type and coffee concentration on coffee milk characteristics.
Estimation of Heritability and Genetic Correlation of Quantitative Traits as a Basis for Selection Program of Indonesian Native Chickens
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno , Sujono Sujono , Winaya Aris , Zalizar Lili , Jaganathan Ravindran
Published: May 2024

Native chicken is a potential genetic source to produce new superior and productive strains. The genetic parameter information is needed as basis data for the selection program to improve the genetic quality of native chickens. This study aimed to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation of quantitative traits in local Indonesian chickens. The material used is the offspring from outbreeding, crossbreeding, and reciprocal crosses of four native chicken lines: White, Lurik, Wareng, and Ranupane. The traits observed were Body Weight (BW), Body Height (BH), Body Length (BL), Body Circumference (BC), Wing Length (WL), Beak Length (BeL), Head Circumference (HC), Thigh-Shank Length (TSL), and Thigh Circumference (TC). The ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to estimate heritability and genetic correlation based on the mating lines of each cage/pen. The mating line significantly affected all the measured traits (P < 0.05). The highest heritability was obtained for BW (h2 = 0.25, moderate category). A positive genetic correlation was found between BW and all other traits except for BeL and HC. In conclusion, body weight can be considered for early selection because it has the highest heritability and positive genetic correlation with other traits related to body size.
Users’ Legibility on a Proposed Affordable Township for B40 and M40 Income Fishing Community at Kuala Kedah, Malaysia
Authors: Rong Ooi Yong , Sanusi Hassan Ahmad , Hafeez Abdul Nasir Muhammad , Sherney Basher Hazril
Published: May 2024

This study highlights traditional towns and settlements of the fishing communities and their proposed township design. It has proposed one site for the design at Kuala Kedah for the resettlement programme of the fishermen community administered by the Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia (LKIM). The design will reflect users’ recognizable patterns in their contextual urban design elements. Urban design elements are pinpointed in this master plan, referring to the traditional town’s setting. The aim is to preserve the socio-economy and tradition of the existing fishing community. This research uses space syntax analysis to examine the level of permeability and wayfinding in justified graph analysis as well as the level of integration and connectivity in axial maps within the urban contexts of the proposed township. The results show that the proposed master plan’s layout plan has very good overall integration with good permeability and connectivity with easy wayfinding in a layout master plan of the designated private and public areas. For this master plan design, applying space syntax is important for evaluating and analyzing the spatial configuration surrounding an area, providing valuable insights into how the layout of urban design elements influences users’ perception of spaces.
Optimization of Mechanical Thermal Energy Audit At Pelabuhan Ratu Unit 2 With Pi Vision
Authors: Yohanes A. R. , Widayat  , Windarta Jaka
Published: May 2024

The percentage of coal PLTUs in Indonesia reached 45% of the capacity of 64,000 MW in 2018, and in the Java, Madura Bali (JAMALI) system it reached 74.84% of the total generating capacity of 46,958 MW in 2023. It is projected that coal PLTUs will continue to dominate the generation sector with a contribution of 50% of total generating capacity in 2050. The energy crisis is a strategic issue in current national development both in terms of price and availability. This is of course a result of the condition of world oil supplies which has an impact on domestic fuel conditions, considering that the majority of domestic fuel needs must be imported from other countries. This research aims to analyze the deviation of NPHR in the conditions of actual performance test results with commissioning, analyze the factors that cause an increase in NPHR, analyze the contributing contribution of each factor that causes an increase in NPHR by designing correction and reference factors related to the influence of changes in the main operating parameters of PLTU equipment on NPHR and look for energy saving opportunities and prepare recommendations for improving plant efficiency performance. This research was conducted at the coal-fired PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu Unit 2 which has an installed power capacity of 350 MW gross and is located in Sukabumi, West Java. In this research, an analysis of the boiler, turbine-generator, condensate, and feedwater systems was carried out. Actual data was obtained through a performance test procedure carried out under maximum load conditions of net capacity (DMN) for 2 hours in November 2022. Based on the research that has been carried out it can be concluded that there was an increase in NPHR during the actual performance test compared to the baseline of 72.38 kcal/kwh, from 2,621.82 kcal/kwh to 2,694.20 kcal/kwh. The increase in NPHR has the potential to result in potential energy losses equivalent to IDR 15,365,850,000 per year. 3. Overall there are 7 goals for improving energy performance with improvements without investment, 4 improvements with low costs, and 4 improvements without costs. The total potential reduction in NPHR, if all recommendations are implemented, is 86.78 kcal/kWh or equivalent to a reduction in potential losses of IDR 44,792,896,565 per year with a total required repair cost of IDR 9,305,960,000.
The Impact of Orientation on Energy Use in Affordable Housing in Humid Tropical Climate Area
Authors: Andrea Sembiring Dicky , Maharani Aya , Jhonson Hamonangan Sitorus Agus
Published: May 2024

One of the factors causing this increase is energy use in the housing sector. Based on reports from the BPS-Statistics Indonesia, there is still a shortage of 12.7 million houses. To meet this shortage, the Indonesian government provides subsidies for the provision of affordable housing as well as design standards for healthy affordable housing for low-income people. One option to optimize energy use in a residential home without incurring large additional costs is through the use of passive design. One of the determining factors in passive building design to reduce energy use is through determining the building orientation. This research will investigate the relationship between orientation and energy use in affordable housing in Indonesia. Through simulations carried out in conjunction with 24 orientations of healthy affordable housing in Indonesia, orientations that provide the best optimization value for energy use will be obtained. This research will only examine one parameter: building orientation. By knowing the optimal orientation and the energy that can be reduced through implementing this orientation, it is hoped that this research can be taken into consideration by the Indonesian government in making regulations regarding the orientation of healthy affordable housing in Indonesia.
Application of Sodium Silicate from Palm Leaf Ash as Heterogeneous Catalyst in Transesterification of Palm Oil
Authors: Rizki Syahputri Zuhri Ruri , Manurung Renita , Tambun Rondang , Harahap Hamidah
Published: May 2024

This research aims to synthesize sodium silicate based on palm leaf ash as a heterogeneous catalyst for making biodiesel from refined, bleached, deodorized, palm oil (RBDPO). Silica was obtained by calcining palm leaf at a temperature of 700°C for 3 hours, followed by washing using 1 N HCl solution. Synthesis of sodium silicate catalyst was carried out by varying the mole ratio of NaOH:SiO2. The best catalyst was obtained at a NaOH:SiO2 molar ratio of 1.5:1, with a biodiesel yield of 74.468% and an ester content of 97.293%. The sodium silicate catalyst produced in this research performed a good stability by showing high recycling uses. The catalyst could be used up to three times without regeneration produced biodiesel with a yield of 40.018%.
Electrical Properties of Vanadium-doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as Cathode Materials for High Voltage for Lithium- ion Batteries
Authors: Yasa Ardiansyah Edi , Fahmi Fahmi , Aina Maulat Osman Rozana , Sobri Idris Mohd , Yasa Al Nakhlah
Published: May 2024

The spinel based LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material shows noteworthy advantages despite its inherent disadvantages. To overcome the weaknesses they have, they are challenged to get superior materials. This was carried out on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material synthesized by doped vanadium metal elements into Nickel using the solid-state method, emphasizing the specific composition LiNi0.5-xVxMn1.5O4 (x=0.05) (y = 0.05), and sintering results at 600°C produces the expected single-phase structure in the Fd-3m space group. XRD analysis revealed the characteristic octahedral crystal structure of spinel type. SEM scanning showed non-uniform grain sizes (<10 □ m), indicating the possibility of grain coalescence caused by the sintering process. Additionally, irregular pore sizes were observed, potentially affecting conductivity. The activation energy obtained using Impedance Spectroscopy shows that all the prepared cathode materials are classified as semiconductors with an activation energy of about 0.13 eV, indicating good conductivity of the cathode materials.
Sustainable Streetscape Design Based on Functional Aspects Case Study: Medan City, Indonesia
Authors: Tamiami Fachrudin Hilma , Karolina Rahmi , Hajar Binti Misnan Siti , Hafiza Rangkuti Zhafira
Published: May 2024

Streets are an important part of a city. Streets provide city views and experiences for their users. Streetscape as a visual depiction of the urban environment can reflect the aesthetics of the urban area and improve urban visual quality. Streetscapes must be planned to provide spatial and visual comfort for pedestrians. Sustainable streetscapes can improve the quality of the environment by providing suitable paths for pedestrians and thus encouraging people to walk. Sustainable streetscape design is one of the determining factors for a city’s success. This research aims to analyze and produce sustainable streetscape designs based on functional aspects. This research uses qualitative methods with observational data collection. The functional aspects of the streetscape studied include pedestrian paths, building façades, street furniture, greenery, crossing paths, bicycle lanes, drainage, distance between buildings, and signage. The analysis was carried out descriptively. The research results show that sustainable streetscape design must be equipped with sidewalks, street furniture, greenery, lighting, bicycle lanes, interconnected sidewalks, a good drainage system, and signage arrangements.
Public-Private-Community Partnership (PPCP) Approach in Achieving Zero Carbon Emission in North Sumatra
Authors: Vita Cita Emia Tarigan , Siti Hafsyah Binti Idris , Mahmul Siregar , Yeti Meliany Lubis , Iqbal Asnawi M. , Lode Wijk Pandapotan Girsang , Solvia Karina Tarigan , Noviana Simbolon , Rizki Nanda Saputri
Published: May 2024

This study explores Indonesia’s commitment to emission reduction targets outlined in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and the Paris Agreement, with a specific focus on Sumatera Utara’s potential contributions. The province boasts extensive forested areas, mangroves, and sea territories, making it pivotal in achieving national goals. Sectors like commerce and agriculture in Sumatera Utara are actively participating in emission reduction efforts. The study introduces the Public-Private-Community Partnership (PPCP) approach, highlighting collaborative strategies among the government, private sector, and local communities. Additionally, the discussion emphasizes the importance of achieving zero carbon emissions and presents methods such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, clean technologies, and reforestation. The translation delves into the prerequisites and success factors for effective Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), concluding with insights into the Performance-Based Payment scheme (REDD+), showcasing its potential role in incentivizing emission reduction. Overall, the study underscores the imperative for multi-stakeholder collaboration in addressing climate change and realizing sustainable development goals in Sumatera Utara and Indonesia at large.
Environmental Campaign and Customer Decision: The Role of Social Media Engagement and E-Trust of Customers
Authors: Angela Viany Clarissa , Aqilah Selma Kayana , Azzahra Putri , Kirana Shakira Fitri Sanggula Setia , Prabawaty Teta Valestia , Susanti Leni , Alamsyah Doni Purnama
Published: May 2024

The environmental issue has become a primary concern on social media, prompting SMEs to integrate it into their market approach strategies. In line with the phenomenon that is occurring, the purpose of this research is to examine the role of social media involvement in brand awareness, e-trust, and consumer decision-making. This study is an examination of consumers with a focus on SMEs in Bandung City who conduct environmental campaigns using social media. A survey was conducted on 123 consumers using an online questionnaire, and the data was processed using a path analysis approach. The research analysis is conducted based on the hypothesis testing of the study. The research findings highlight the impact of implementing environmental campaigns on social media on brand awareness and consumer e-trust. Social media indirectly supports consumer purchasing behavior of SMEs products because of environmental concerns. Companies engaged in sustainable business practices and environmental concern can build a positive image in the perceptions of consumers. Social media provides a forum where consumers may share information and experiences, making the reputation of a company critically important.
Self-Efficacy on Accessibility for Sustainable Tourism in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ginting Nurlisa , Mohamed Badaruddin , Trambadore Antonella , Hamzah Amran , Zahrah Wahyuni , Damanik Utari
Published: May 2024

Sustainable tourism has emerged as a major focus in the development of the tourism sector worldwide, considering the impact of tourism activities on local communities and the environment. Accessibility is crucial to tourism growth and might affect visitor interest and trust if not effectively supplied. Accessibility in tourism includes highways, docks, parking, pedestrian walkways, and special needs facilities. This study examines sustainable tourism accessibility self-efficacy in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, Indonesia. This mixed-methods study sent 268 questionnaires to tourists and locals and interviewed tourist site managers, Pangururan regional administration, tourist village leaders, and the Samosir Regency tourism office. Pangururan District’s accessibility fails sustainable tourism requirements. Roads, ports, parking, and pedestrian walkways are well-developed, but special needs facilities are lacking. Thus, more must be done to make tourism places accessible and enjoyable for all tourists, including those with special needs. To improve tourist accessibility in Pangururan District, infrastructure and amenities should be improved.
Experimental study of a closed-cycle heat pump dryer for snakehead fish
Authors: Ambarita Himsar , Pinem Joy Frando , Karo-Karo Yogi S. , Sihombing Hendrik V.
Published: May 2024

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a type of fish that has economic value. Apart from that, it contains albumin which the human body needs. Albumin is a source of animal antioxidants which functions as a radical scavenger so that it plays a role in the process of cleaning and capturing ROS. Albumin is usually consumed in liquid form and has a fishy smell, therefore, an alternative is needed, namely a drying method. Albumin is a protein that is easily damaged by heat. Therefore, the drying process uses a vacuum dryer. In the drying process of albumin powder, drying temperature is a factor that influences the quality produced. The best drying temperature for albumin is 49ºC and the reduction in albumin quality is at 60 ºC. Closed cycle heat pump dryers have the advantages of not being contaminated with dirt from the outside air, low and controlled drying temperatures, not depending on the weather, and relatively cheap equipment prices. This research conducted experimental tests on a closed cycle heat pump drying machine to analyze the performance and water content in drying snakehead fish samples and maintaining the drying temperature below 60ºC to keep the albumin from being damaged. In this test, the range of 40.3 – 50.6 water content was achieved, namely 5% of the initial water content of 78.19, 0.619, a drying rate value of 0.619 kg/hour with a total performance value of 10.15. And the comparison value of steamed water with the energy required is SMER 0.47 kWh/kg and SEC 2.10 kWh/kg and the heat pump efficiency is 25%. With the results obtained, this closed cycle heat pump dryer is very suitable for use in the drying industry, especially in the snakehead fish drying industry.
Unraveling the Paradigm of Household Energy Consumption: Environmental Impacts and the Transition to Energy Efficiency
Authors: Andika Andika , Nanda Luthfiana Della , Najmudin Mohamad , Viola Putri Odilia
Published: May 2024

Amidst global climate change and natural resource degradation challenges, adopting energy-efficient home appliances is becoming increasingly crucial, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Java Island is the country’s economic and industrial center with the highest domestic energy consumption. This study aims to analyze the influence of knowledge about eco-labels and environmental consciousness, mediated by self-efficacy, on the willingness of consumers in Java to adopt energy-efficient household appliances. This study utilizes the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) theoretical framework. Data were collected from 210 respondents through a survey disseminated through social media, and analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method within the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework. Results show that eco-label knowledge and environmental consciousness significantly contribute to willingness to purchase energy-efficient appliances, with self-efficacy as an essential mediator. The findings present new insights into sustainable consumer behavior and provide practical recommendations for policymakers and practitioners in formulating effective promotional strategies to increase the adoption of energy-efficient home appliances in Indonesia. As such, this study extends the green consumer behavior literature by exploring the mediating role of self-efficacy in a developing country context.
Study on Early Compressive Strength of Mortar- and Crumb Rubber-Engineered Cementitious Composites Contain Variation of Cement, Palm Shell Ash and River Sand
Authors: Hamonangan Hasibuan Fery , Aswin Muhammad , Cynthia Raphita Hasibuan Gina
Published: May 2024

Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a composite that has better tensile properties and behavior compared to concrete. ECC is usually made from cement, water, silica sand, cementitious material, fiber, and other materials. ECC mortar does not use fiber. Cementitious material in this research uses palm shell ash, with a proportion of 5-15% of the cement weight. Crumb rubber was used as a substitute for fiber, with a proportion of 2.5-12.5% of cement weight. Workability is measured based on the slumpflow test. Aim of research is to investigate compressive strength of ECC mortar and CR-ECC with variations in the addition of palm shell ash, cement, river sand and crumb rubber. Based on the test results, the average compressive strength obtained for ECC mortar ranged from 19.70 to 42.67 MPa, and for CR-ECC specimens, the average compressive strength achieved ranging from 17.70 to 37.28 MPa. Test results show that ECC mortar and CR-ECC specimens provide good compressive strength, that is more than 17 MPa (according to provisions of SNI-2847). However, compressive strength of CR-ECC is lower than that of ECC mortar. This is because crumb rubber is compressible material, so it is not strong enough to withstand the compression loads.
Structural Behavior Analysis of the Beam-Column Connections of Existing Steel Structure Buildings based on Finite Element Modeling-Idea StatiCa
Authors: Siregar Hariman , Aswin Muhammad , Syam Bustami
Published: May 2024

In designing the structures of a building, the beam-column connections are a very important component that needs to be properly taken into account. Failure of these connections can cause total collapse of a building. With the assistance of finite element modeling (FEM) programs such as Idea StatiCa, connections to steel structural buildings can be evaluated quickly. The study was carried out on the Sarinah transformation parking buildings in Jakarta. Based on spectral response analysis, building has been reliable to the latest regulations. The building structure model was tested for horizontal and vertical irregularity factors, story drifts, P-Delta effect, stress ratio of beam and column elements, Strong Column-Weak Beam ratio (SC-WB) and the structure performance levels through pushover analysis, all of which met the requirements. Analysis results showed that based on the plastic moment data, maximum stress at plate was 400 MPa (for x- direction) and 377 MPa (for y-direction). Meanwhile, based on Idea StatiCa analysis, maximum stress at plate was found to be 199.8 MPa (for x-direction) and 81.3 MPa (for y-direction). The plate stress in plastic condition appears to be greater, this is because internal forces acting in this condition are also greater.
High Physiological 18F-FDG Uptake in Normal Pituitary Gland on Digital PET Scanner
Authors: Jain Anjali , Usmani Sharjeel , Al Riyami Khulood , Mittal Avni , Abubakar Sofiullah , Al Busaidi Asiya , Kheruka Subhash Chand , Al Sukaiti Rashid
Published: May 2024

Purpose Recently developed digital positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanners (digital PET [dPET]) have given new dimensions to molecular imaging. dPET scanner has very high sensitivity, spatial resolution, and image contrast that leads to increased uptake of signal in small-volume structures like pituitary gland (PG) making them visible on PET/CT scan even in absence of any pathology. Adequate knowledge of physiological fluoro-2 deoxy D glucose uptake in PG is required in interpretation of dPET for correct diagnosis and reducing unnecessary additional imaging. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of physiological PG uptake on dPET.

Material and Methods Eighty-eight subjects (mean age, 54.44 ± 14.18 years; range, 26–84 years; 63 females and 25 males) with normal PG on magnetic resonance imaging brain and imaged within 6 months on dPET were included in this research study. Out of 88 patients, 20 control subjects (mean age, 58.15 ± 11.08 years: 15 females and 5 males) underwent PET/CT on conventional PET. All images were acquired with similar and standard acquisition protocol and reconstruction done with Time of flight with Point spread function. PG uptake was compared visually and quantitatively.

Results PG uptake was seen in 43 patients (48.8%). Out of 43 patients, 31 (72%) showed low uptake, 11 (26%) showed intermediate grade of uptake, and 1 patient (2%) showed intermediate-to-high uptake and was categorized as high-grade uptake. In the control group of 20 patients, 3 (15%) showed low uptake, while none of them showed intermediate or high uptake.

Conclusion Physiological PG uptake is commonly seen on dPET. Low-to-intermediate grade of PG uptake on dPET in an asymptomatic patient is physiological and does not require further evaluation and should be reported with caution.