bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Dasar-dasar Komputer dan Programming di Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Bina Karya
Authors: Gamayanto Indra , Haryanto Hanny , Novianto Sendi , Maulana Herman Try , Prasetyo Lusi Noviani , Wibowo Sasono , Zami Farrikh Al , Haksoro Elok Iedfitra
Published: June 2023

Komputer dan programming merupakan kedua hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan satu sama lain, dimana keduanya saling terhubung dan dapat memberikan banyak dampak terhadap masa depan. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini, kami berfokus kepada anak-anak Sekolah Dasar, dimana anak-anak ini merupakan sumber daya manusia yang memiliki potensi besar untuk melakukan perubahan besar di masa depan. Oleh karena itu, mereka akan mendapatkan pelatihan dasar-dasar komputer dan programming. Tentunya pelatihan ini masih berupa dasar dan belum mencapai level advanced, tetapi dengan berjalannya waktu, kami, tim pengabdian masyarakat akan memberikan pelatihan yang lebih jauh lagi, sehingga anak-anak dapat membuat aplikasi sederhana dengan menggunakan Bahasa program yang telah kami ajarkan. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah anak-anak akan dapat memahami dasar-dasar komputer secara lengkap, pelatihan khusus programming dengan menggunakan media yang menarik sehingga akan dapat mudah untuk dipelajari dan terakhir konsep masa depan dari programming, sehingga anak-anak akan dapat terbuka wawasan masa depannya, sehingga dari awal mereka akan dapat menentukan langkah berikutnya dan mendapatkan gambaran besar untuk masa depan.
Pemanfaatan Blogspot sebagai Sarana Promosi Wisata Desa Sampalan Klod
Authors: Mewu Marina Yetrin Sriyati , Kusuma Putu Sri Arta Jaya , Wijaya Gede Crisna , Mandira I Made Chandra
Published: June 2023

Perkembangan dan kemajuan teknologi yang sangat pesat membawa dampak yang baik bagi pemulihan perekonomian dan perkembangan desa guna mewujudkan desa yang maju dan berkembang baik dari segi potensi alam maupun karya tangan masyarakatnya. Promosi online saat ini telah menjadi kebutuhan bagi setiap kalangan. Menjamurnya berbagai sosial media seperti facebook, twitter, instagram dsb, forum-forum jual beli online, portal iklan baris dan blog seakan-akan mengamini fenomena dahsyat ini. Sehingga kami dapat memanfaatkan media sosial dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yang dilaksanakan di desa Sampalan Klod, Kecamatan Dawan, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali Indonesia sebagai upaya pengembangan potensi desa Sampalan Klod. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk lebih mempromosikan potensi Desa Sampalan Klod sebagai salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi yang cukup bagus untuk dijadikan desa wisata melalui media blog. Metode yang diterapkan ialah melalui pembuatan blogspot dan penulisan artikel blog untuk memberikan gambaran menarik terkait potensi desa wisata. Blog resmi yang telah direvitalisasi pada kegiatan pengabdian kali ini telah mampu mempromosikan potensi desa wisata dengan lebih baik lagi karena menampung berbagai kegiatan masyarakat Desa Sampalan Klod ini. Sehingga diharapkan para pembaca yang mencari informasi terkait potensi Desa Sampalan Klod memperoleh lebih banyak informasi. Pada akhirnya, Blog promosi potensi desa Sampalan Klod akan semakin berkembang dan potensi desa pun semakin dikenal luas dan dapat membawa dampak yang baik bagi Desa Sampalan Klod.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Menjual Bagi Pelaku Usaha UMKM Perempuan FKRW Teluk Pucung, Bekasi
Authors: Harahap Hamida Syari , Dewi Nita Komala
Published: June 2023

Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pelaku usaha UMKM perempuan yang berada di FKRW Teluk Pucung, Bekasi Utara. Permasalahannya dimana masih adanya kemampuan dalam keterampilan menjual yang masih bersifat konvensional sehingga membuat penjualan tidak mencapai target. Ada beberapa tahapan dalam metode pelaksanaan yakni observasi dan wawancara, penyusunan materi, pelaksaan pelatihan, evaluasi pelaksanaan dan pendampingan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama 3 (tiga) hari yakni dari Jumat – Minggu, 2 – 4 Juni 2022 pada pukul 09.00 -12.00 WIB di Aula FKRW Teluk Pucung, Bekasi Utara dengan diikuti oleh 20 orang perwakilan pelaku usaha UMKM dengan kriteria berjenis kelamin perempuan, usia 17 – 40 Tahun, usaha UMKM < 2 tahun dan belum memiliki media sosial sebagai wadah berjualan. Hasil dari kegiatan yakni meningkatnya pemahaman, kemampuan, dan keterampilan peserta mengenai keterampilan menjual dari yang bersifat konvensional menjadi modern dengan menggunakan media sosial sebagai wadah untuk berjualan/memasarkan produk.
Edukasi Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga di Sirebut, Adiwarno, Selomerto, Wonosobo
Authors: Larasati Resiana , Sulistyawati Sulistyawati
Published: June 2023

Sampah menjadi isu lingkungan yang terjadi utamanya di negara dengan ekonomi menengah kebawah. Sampah bisa berdampak pada kesehatan yang dapat berakibat fatal seperti diare, demam berdarah dan leptospirosis. Pengabdian masyarakat ini diawali dengan penjaringan masalah yang merupakan upaya untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang ada dimasyarakat untuk dicari solusi sesuai dengan kearifian setempat. Dari proses tersebut diketahui, permasalahan kesehatan yang ditemukan di RT 02 RW 04 Sirebut, Adiwarno, Selomerto, Wonosobo yaitu pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga yang masih banyak dibuang di sungai. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan edukasi pada masyarakat terkait pengelolaan sampah untuk memperbaiki perilaku masyarakat demi mewujudkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang lebih sejahtera.
Diseminasi Alat Pengirat Bambu ke Pengrajin Bambu di Desa Radamata, Sumba Barat Daya
Authors: Salman - , Sugiman - , Setyawan Paryanto Dwi , Sinarep - , Sayoga I Made Adi
Published: June 2023

Pemanfaatan bambu seyogyanya menciptakan peluang nilai tambah yang lebih tinggi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Perlu dilakukan sinergitas program-program pemerintah lintas sektor untuk dapat mewujudkan pengembangan bambu yang terintegrasi sehingga menjadikan bambu sebagai penggerak ekonomi rakyat. Karena itulah dengan tujuan untuk mengoptimalkan potensi pengembangan pengolahan bambu di daerah tertinggal, maka tim pelaksana peningkatan kapasitas tenaga kerja non pertanian melakukan diseminasi alat pengirat bambu di di Sumba Barat Daya, Nusa Tenggara Timur.  Kegiatan diawali dengan pembuatan alat pengirat bambu. melalui tahap perancangan sebelumnya dari tim LPPM Unram. Selanjutnya alat di-diseminasi ke pengrajin bambu di Sumba Barat Daya. Hasil dari kegiatan adalah adanya sikap antusiasme dari para pengrajin dan adanya alat pengirat bambu pada pengrajin setempat.
IMPLEMENTATION OF EARTH STRUCTURE LEARNING APPLICATIONS USING MARKERLESS AUGMENTED REALITY USING SURFACE TRACKING METHOD
Authors: Saepulrohman, M.Si Asep , Zuraiyah Tjut Awaliyah , Prastio Agung Dwi
Published: June 2023

In science lessons at school there are materials that are taught, one of which is a lesson about the layers of the earth. As an alternative learning media, Augmented Reality technology is needed which can help teachers have a variety of learning media, so that they can accommodate the learning needs of students who have various types of learning characteristics. In this study the authors made augmented reality using markerless so that they could display or show how the structure of the earth's layers looks like seeing directly without markers or markers. Using EasyAR as a Software Development Kit (SDK) because it has many features and methods that can be used for creating augmented reality.
Bisphenol A and di-ethylhexyl phthalate analysis in gallon water distributed in Makassar
Authors: Endah Dwijayanti  , Rachim Munadi  , Sry Wahyuningsih  , Iffana Dani Maulida
Published: June 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA) and Di-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) are chemical compounds that are used as raw materials for making disposable bottles or PET, including gallons. BPA can migrate into food or drink if the temperature is raised due to heating processes. This research aimed to identify BPA and DEHP compounds in various brands of gallon water distributed in Makassar and the effect of sun exposure towards BPA and DEHP migration. The sampling method was done based on an early analysis from field survey data in the location that represents all gallon water refills distributed in Makassar. There were 4 selected samples from 2 most marketed brands of gallon  water refill. Research method included sample preparation with two different treatments, namely with exposure and without exposure to sunlight by letting them settle inside and outside the room for 6 days, afterwards,  BPA and DEHP were analyzed using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of  the study show that in various brands gallon water packages, both with sun exposure or without, no BPA and DEHP compounds were detected.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) PENGOLAHAN IKAN ASAP YANG BERORIENTASI PASAR DI KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Ohorella Rafi , Mulyono S. Baskoro  , Sri Harijati
Published: June 2023

This study aims to examine the conditions of, and formulate a strategy for, developing smoked fish processing in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Bone Regency. Methods of data collection include interviews, field observations, and documentation with questionnaires. Method of data analysis include descriptive analysis of the conditions and characteristics of smoked fish processing SMEs, SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threat) analysis and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) methods to formulate priority strategies for developing smoked fish processing SMEs. The results show the following conditions of smoked fish processing in Bone Regency: 100% of the SMEs use simple technologies, 79% have low education, 91.94% of the workforce was of productive age. The SMEs development strategies that can be learned include strategies for establishing cooperative relationships and government support in promoting smoked fish processed products, strategies for developing smoked fish processing SMEs with training and counseling programs from relevant agencies, strategies for implementing the latest processing technological innovations by renewing infrastructures of facilities, as well as strategies for completing business permits and legalities.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) pengolahan ikan asap di Kabupaten Bone. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi dengan kuesioner sebagai alat bantu.  Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif terhadap kondisi dan karakteristik UKM pengolah ikan asap. Analisis iSWOT dan metode QSPM untuk merumuskan prioritas strategi pengembangan UKM pengolahan ikan asap. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi pengolah ikan asap di Kabupaten Bone 100% menggunakan teknologi sederhana, 79% memiliki pendidikan rendah, serta umur tenaga kerja produktif sebanyak 91,94% dan strategi pengembangan UKM yang dapat di ambil adalah strategi menjalin hubungan kerjasama dan dukungan pemerintah dalam mempromosikan produk olahan ikan asap, strategi peningkatan/pengembangan UKM pengolahan ikan asap dengan program pelatihan dan penyuluhan dari dinas terkait, strategi penerapan inovasi-inovasi teknologi pengolahan terkini dengan pembaharuan sarana prasarana, serta strategi penyelesaian perizinan dan legalitas usaha.
PENENTUAN LOKASI ATM BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY C MEANS DI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Santoso Kiswara , Amalia Nur Azizah
Published: June 2023

Bank Syariah Indonesia was inaugurated on February 1, 2021, which is a combination of BNI Syariah, Mandiri Syariah, and BRI Syariah. One of the ease of transaction facilities for customers is using an ATM (Automated Teller Machine). BSI currently has 18,291 ATMs spread throughout Indonesia and 10 of them are located in Jember Regency. The purpose of the ATM is to increase customer convenience and public trust in BSI. Ease of access to ATMs will affect the number of customers because ATM locations that are easily accessible can increase the number of profits obtained by BSI. The main factors in determining the location of ATMs that need to be considered are easy to reach, close distances, and safe locations. The Fuzzy C Means (FCM) method is used to classify the right area in determining the location of ATMs. The results of this study, the Jember district can be grouped into 6 clusters, wherein each cluster there is one ATM with the first cluster and the sixth cluster with as many as 9 districts, the second cluster with as many as 6 districts, the third cluster as many as 5 districts, the fourth cluster as many as 7 districts, and the fifth cluster as many as 4 districts. The conclusion of this study, is the exact location of BSI ATMs in Jember Regency based on the number of clusters that have been determined to be in Patemon Village, Antirogo Village, Jubung Village, Jember Lor Village, and Sumbersari Village. Clustering validation uses the Silhoutte Index (SI) with an average silhouette coefficient of 0.83028.
APLIKASI MODEL ARIMA GARCH DALAM PERAMALAN DATA NILAI TUKAR RUPIAH TERHADAP DOLAR TAHUN 2017-2022
Authors: Maharani Nickyta Shavira , Angraini Yenni , Rahmawan Mahesa Ahmad , Putri Oktaviani Aisyah , Kurniawan Steven , Safitri Tias Amalia , Rizki Akbar , Ningsih Wiwik Andriyani Lestari , Hidayatulloh Nabila Ghoni Trisno , Ratnasari Andika Putri
Published: June 2023

The Indonesian rupiah (IDR) exchange rate is used to gauge Indonesia's economic stability. Maintaining the IDR exchange rate's stability is critical since it has a direct impact on Indonesia's national monetary situation, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic. Forecasting the rupiah exchange rate is important to do and is one way to assess government policy. The data series to be used here are IDR exchange rate from the Yahoo Finance. It consists of 271 data taken from August 2017 to October 2022. This study aims to use the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) modeling method using the R-studio software and predict the IDR exchange rate. The ARIMA method describes the data based on a certain time series. ARCH-Lagrange Multiplier (ARCH-LM) was applied on the residuals of the best ARIMA model to test whetoer the data is heteroscedasticity. The testing result shows that the residual of the IDR exchange rate is heteroscedasticity. Therefore, the GARCH model can be used to handle it. The results of this study are obtained for the ARIMA(2,1,3) GARCH(3,6) model as the best and describe the actual data pattern with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) forecasting value is 1,99%.
Art & Design Education at the Crossroads
Authors: STEERS JOHN
Published: June 2023

This paper provides a background to proposed changes in English art and design education and the perceived threats resulting from ‘reforms’ underway following the election of the coalition government in May 2010. Art and design education appears to be precariously poised on a cliff edge as a consequence of very questionable initiatives driven by the Secretary of State for Education, Michael Gove. These include the proposed introduction of the academic ‘English Baccalaureate’ performance standard; a root and branch review of the National Curriculum likely to lead to slimmed down statutory requirements that marginalise the arts; far-reaching changes to initial teacher education with training for art and design teachers reduced by 40 percent; and student fee increases. Further concerns may include the outcome of a DCMS review of ‘Cultural Education’, and the consequences of the decision by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills to sever all funding for teaching the arts and humanities in universities and specialist higher education institutions. A postscript covering 2013 concludes the paper.
British and French Libraries facing the economic crisis1
Authors: MASSIPE ALEXANDRE
Published: June 2023

In the context of the economic crisis that we have experienced since the fall of 2008, culture did not appear to be a priority for the British and French leaders. Having started before the financial downturn, the phenomenon of precarious situations for employees of cultural institutions and the constant call for private funds have since become the norm, including across libraries. Although France has not yet engaged in brutal and massive library shutdowns as has the United Kingdom, important changes regarding the status of workers, directly inspired by the American and British liberal models, have been progressively altering these institutions. Does this mean that the French model has tended to imitate, for budget reasons, the British model? Undoubtedly, it has. Therefore, when it comes to libraries, although the concept of "Big Society" established by David Cameron has had dramatic consequences in the United Kingdom, France has not turned a deaf ear to what "Big Society” has implied for libraries: doing more with less.
Symbolic Economy and Creative Management: Cultural and Creative Industries Urging for New Approaches
Authors: Lin Li-Min , LEE Tain-Dow
Published: June 2023

It is hard to apply empirical data to outputs of cultural and creative industries (CIs) due to their embodiment of aesthetics, taste, and experience. This article starts from the production side, showing the value chain model being inefficient to delineate the synchronical process and value accumulation of CIs. The article then refers to John B. Thompson’s allusion to Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of field and capital that defines the logic of the field and establishes a paradigm for CIs analysis. While it is inappropriate to use marketing strategies to decipher the consumption of outputs of CIs as symbolic goods, the examples of publishing industry and Broadway theatre industry explain that not only the consumption of outputs of CIs but also the way to consume such goods need to create experience and lead to accumulation of symbolic value. Therefore, though research on CIs has to consult marketing strategies and business models, it urges mostly a systematic sociology of culture.
Maternal and paternal tuberculosis is associated with increased asthma and respiratory symptoms in their offspring: a study from Northern Europe
Authors: Gyawali Sanjay , López-Cervantes Juan Pablo , Johannessen Ane , Gislason Thorarinn , Holm Mathias , Janson Christer , Jögi Rain , Modig Lars , Schlünssen Vivi , Mustafa Tehmina , Svanes Cecilie
Published: June 2023

Background

Given the profound impact of tuberculosis (TB) on immunity and given murine studies suggesting that infections may influence immunity across generations, we hypothesize that parental TB might impact health and disease in future offspring.

Objective

This study investigated the impact of maternal and paternal TB on offspring asthma and respiratory symptoms.

Methods

We included data from the third follow-up of the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe study (RHINE). Information on own asthma status, asthma-like symptoms and other respiratory symptoms, as well as information about parental TB and asthma, were collected using standardized questionnaires. The associations between parental TB and RHINE participants' asthma and respiratory symptoms were analyzed using multiple logistic regression, with adjustment for parental education, smoking habits and asthma.

Results

Of 8,323 study participants, 227 (2.7%) reported only paternal TB, 282 (3.4%) only maternal TB, and 33 (0.4%) reported that both parents had TB. We found a higher risk of asthma (aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05–1.57) in offspring with a history of parental TB as compared to offspring without parental TB., Parental TB was significantly associated with allergic asthma in offspring (aOR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.29–2.05), while no significant association between parental TB and asthma without allergy (aOR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.76–1.32) in offspring was observed.

Conclusion

Results from this study indicate that parental TB might be a risk factor for offspring's asthma and respiratory symptoms. We raise the hypothesis that the immunological impact of infections might be transmitted to influence offspring phenotype in humans.
Modelling of chemotactic sprouting endothelial cells through an extracellular matrix
Authors: Ferre-Torres Josep , Noguera-Monteagudo Adria , Lopez-Canosa Adrian , Romero-Arias J. Roberto , Barrio Rafael , Castaño Oscar , Hernandez-Machado Aurora
Published: June 2023

Sprouting angiogenesis is a core biological process critical to vascular development. Its accurate simulation, relevant to multiple facets of human health, is of broad, interdisciplinary appeal. This study presents an in-silico model replicating a microfluidic assay where endothelial cells sprout into a biomimetic extracellular matrix, specifically, a large-pore, low-concentration fibrin-based porous hydrogel, influenced by chemotactic factors. We introduce a novel approach by incorporating the extracellular matrix and chemotactic factor effects into a unified term using a single parameter, primarily focusing on modelling sprouting dynamics and morphology. This continuous model naturally describes chemotactic-induced sprouting with no need for additional rules. In addition, we extended our base model to account for matrix sensing and degradation, crucial aspects of angiogenesis. We validate our model via a hybrid in-silico experimental method, comparing the model predictions with experimental results derived from the microfluidic setup. Our results underscore the intricate relationship between the extracellular matrix structure and angiogenic sprouting, proposing a promising method for predicting the influence of the extracellular matrix on angiogenesis.
IFT46 gene promoter-driven ciliopathy disease model in zebrafish
Authors: Lee Mi-Sun , Han Hye-Jeong , Choi Tae-Ik , Lee Kang-Han , Baasankhuu Amartuvshin , Kim Hyun-Taek , Kim Cheol-Hee
Published: June 2023

Ciliopathies are human genetic disorders caused by abnormal formation and dysfunction of cellular cilia. Cilia are microtubule-based organelles that project into the extracellular space and transduce molecular and chemical signals from the extracellular environment or neighboring cells. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins are required for the assembly and maintenance of cilia by transporting proteins along the axoneme which consists of complexes A and B. IFT46, a core IFT-B protein complex, is required for cilium formation and maintenance during vertebrate embryonic development. Here, we introduce transgenic zebrafish lines under the control of ciliated cell-specific IFT46 promoter to recapitulate human ciliopathy-like phenotypes. We generated a Tg(IFT46:GAL4-VP16) line to temporo-spatially control the expression of effectors including fluorescent reporters or nitroreductase based on the GAL4/UAS system, which expresses GAL4-VP16 chimeric transcription factors in most ciliated tissues during embryonic development. To analyze the function of IFT46-expressing ciliated cells during zebrafish development, we generated the Tg(IFT46:GAL4-VP16;UAS;nfsb-mCherry) line, a ciliated cell-specific injury model induced by nitroreductase (NTR)/metrodinazole (MTZ). Conditionally, controlled ablation of ciliated cells in transgenic animals exhibited ciliopathy-like phenotypes including cystic kidneys and pericardial and periorbital edema. Altogether, we established a zebrafish NTR/MTZ-mediated ciliated cell injury model that recapitulates ciliopathy-like phenotypes and may be a vertebrate animal model to further investigate the etiology and therapeutic approaches to human ciliopathies.
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and presenilin (PS) are key regulators of kinesin-1-mediated cargo motility within axons
Authors: Banerjee Rupkatha , Gunawardena Shermali
Published: June 2023

It has been a quarter century since the discovery that molecular motors are phosphorylated, but fundamental questions still remain as to how specific kinases contribute to particular motor functions, particularly in vivo, and to what extent these processes have been evolutionarily conserved. Such questions remain largely unanswered because there is no cohesive strategy to unravel the likely complex spatial and temporal mechanisms that control motility in vivo. Since diverse cargoes are transported simultaneously within cells and along narrow long neurons to maintain intracellular processes and cell viability, and disruptions in these processes can lead to cancer and neurodegeneration, there is a critical need to better understand how kinases regulate molecular motors. Here, we review our current understanding of how phosphorylation can control kinesin-1 motility and provide evidence for a novel regulatory mechanism that is governed by a specific kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and a scaffolding protein presenilin (PS).
Genetically predicted hypertension, antihypertensive drugs, and risk of erectile dysfunction: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhao Cong , Feng Jun-long , Deng Sheng , Wang Xiang-peng , Fu Yu-jie , Wang Bin , Li Hai-song , Meng Fan-chao , Wang Ji-sheng , Wang Xian
Published: June 2023

Background

The causal relationship between hypertension, antihypertensive drugs and the risk of erectile dysfunction is still uncertain. We performed a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study to investigate whether they are causally related to erectile dysfunction.

Methods

Genetic variants associated with blood pressure were derived from the genome-wide association study meta-analysis of the UK Biobank and International Consortium of Blood Pressure (N = 757,601). Summary association data for hypertension were obtained from the UK Biobank (N = 463,010) and the FinnGen study (N = 356,077). The summary statistics of erectile dysfunction were obtained from the European ancestry with 223,805 subjects. The SNP instruments used to assess the effect of the protein targets of antihypertensive drugs on erectile dysfunction were obtained from previous studys. Causal effects were estimated using the univariate Mendelian randomization method (inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, MR-PRESSO and Wald ratios) and the multivariate Mendelian randomization method. Sensitivity analyses were implemented with the Cochran's Q-test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis.

Results

Univariate MR found that elevated diastolic blood pressure may increase the occurrence of erectile dysfunction (odds ratio [OR] = 1.012; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.000–1.024; P = 0.047). Genetically predicted hypertension is also associated with ED (For the FinnGen, OR = 1.106; 95% CI: 1.027–1.191; P = 0.008. For the UK Biobank, OR = 3.832; 95% CI: 1.410–10.414; P = 0.008). However, after adjusting for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and hypertension using multivariate Mendelian randomization, only hypertension was causally associated with ED occurrence (For the FinnGen, OR = 1.103; 95% CI: 1.018–1.195; P = 0.017. For the UK Biobank, OR = 5.037; 95% CI: 1.601–15.846; P = 0.006). We found no evidence that the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide diuretic increased the risk of erectile dysfunction.

Conclusions

Genetically predicted hypertension increases the risk of erectile dysfunction, but we found no causal relationship between elevated systolic/diastolic blood pressure and erectile dysfunction. We speculate that the relationship between elevated blood pressure and erectile dysfunction risk may be nonlinear. We found little evidence that antihypertensive drugs increase the risk of erectile dysfunction.
Proglacial river stage derived from georectified time-lapse camera images, Inglefield Land, Northwest Greenland
Authors: Goldstein Seth N. , Ryan Jonathan C. , How Penelope R. , Esenther Sarah E. , Pitcher Lincoln H. , LeWinter Adam L. , Overstreet Brandon T. , Kyzivat Ethan D. , Fayne Jessica V. , Smith Laurence C.
Published: June 2023

The Greenland Ice Sheet is a leading source of global sea level rise, due to surface meltwater runoff and glacier calving. However, given a scarcity of proglacial river gauge measurements, ice sheet runoff remains poorly quantified. This lack of in situ observations is particularly acute in Northwest Greenland, a remote area releasing significant runoff and where traditional river gauging is exceptionally challenging. Here, we demonstrate that georectified time-lapse camera images accurately retrieve stage fluctuations of the proglacial Minturn River, Inglefield Land, over a 3 year study period. Camera images discern the river’s wetted shoreline position, and a terrestrial LiDAR scanner (TLS) scan of riverbank microtopography enables georectification of these positions to vertical estimates of river stage. This non-contact approach captures seasonal, diurnal, and episodic runoff draining a large (∼2,800 km2) lobe of grounded ice at Inglefield Land with good accuracy relative to traditional in situ bubble-gauge measurements (r2 = 0.81, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) ±0.185 m for image collection at 3-h frequency; r2 = 0.92, RMSE ±0.109 m for resampled average daily frequency). Furthermore, camera images effectively supplement other instrument data gaps during icy and/or low flow conditions, which challenge bubble-gauges and other contact-based instruments. This benefit alone extends the effective seasonal hydrological monitoring period by ∼2–4 weeks each year for the Minturn River. We conclude that low-cost, non-contact time-lapse camera methods offer good promise for monitoring proglacial meltwater runoff from the Greenland Ice Sheet and other harsh polar environments.
Efficacy of dehydroepiandrosterone priming in women with poor ovarian response undergoing IVF/ICSI: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jie , Jia Hongyan , Diao Feiyang , Ma Xiang , Liu Jiayin , Cui Yugui
Published: June 2023

Background

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) may improve the outcomes of patients with poor ovarian response (POR) or diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) undergoing IVF/ICSI. However, the evidence remains inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of DHEA supplementation in patients with POR/DOR undergoing IVF/ICSI.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched up to October 2022.

Results

A total of 32 studies were retrieved, including 14 RCTs, 11 self-controlled studies and 7 case-controlled studies. In the subgroup analysis of only RCTs, DHEA treatment significantly increased the number of antral follicle count (AFC) (weighted mean difference : WMD 1.18, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.17 to 2.19, P=0.022), while reduced the level of bFSH (WMD -1.99, 95% CI: -2.52 to -1.46, P<0.001), the need of gonadotropin (Gn) doses (WMD -382.29, 95% CI: -644.82 to -119.76, P=0.004), the days of stimulation (WMD -0.90, 95% CI: -1.34 to -0.47, P <0.001) and miscarriage rate (relative risk : RR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.73, P=0.001). The higher clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were found in the analysis of non-RCTs. However, there were no significant differences in the number of retrieved oocytes, the number of transferred embryos, and the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in the subgroup analysis of only RCTs. Moreover, meta-regression analyses showed that women with lower basal FSH had more increase in serum FSH levels (b=-0.94, 95% CI: -1.62 to -0.25, P=0.014), and women with higher baseline AMH levels had more increase in serum AMH levels (b=-0.60, 95% CI: -1.15 to -0.06, P=0.035) after DHEA supplementation. In addition, the number of retrieved oocytes was higher in the studies on relatively younger women (b=-0.21, 95% CI: -0.39 to -0.03, P=0.023) and small sample sizes (b=-0.003, 95% CI: -0.006 to -0.0003, P=0.032).

Conclusions

DHEA treatment didn’t significantly improve the live birth rate of women with DOR or POR undergoing IVF/ICSI in the subgroup analysis of only RCTs. The higher clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in those non-RCTs should be interpreted with caution because of potential bias. Further studies using more explicit criteria to subjects are needed.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD 42022384393.
Effects of positive frequency-dependent learning, learning mistakes, and immigration on complex cultures–Validation on the song of collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) by individual-based modeling
Authors: Barta Karola Anna , Garamszegi László Zsolt , Scheuring István , Zsebők Sándor
Published: June 2023

Cultural diversity and stability of a population affect the adaptiveness and survival of individuals. Besides field studies, cultural diversity and stability have been investigated with the help of different modeling approaches in relatively simple cultures. These theoretical studies helped identify mechanisms that generate cultural diversity through increasing the proportion of new elements in the population, for example by immigration or erroneous learning. Copy-the-majority learning strategies, forms of positive frequency-dependent learning, have a rather opposite effect: while they help in maintaining cultural stability by favoring the spread of common elements, they also decrease cultural diversity. We investigated whether these basic, conflicting mechanisms are sufficient together to create a complex, polymorphic cultural system and to maintain its diversity and stability. For that we developed an individual-based model simulating song learning in birds in which the extent of immigration, the frequency of learning mistakes and the strength of positive frequency-dependent learning were included as modifiable parameters. From the model, we obtained information on the composition and temporal changes in the individual and population repertoires. A comparison with long-term field data on a European passerine bird species with moderate song complexity, the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis), was also performed. Our results confirmed that certain combinations of the three investigated mechanisms were indeed able to create patterns that showed certain aspects of polymorphic cultures. Yet, several discrepancies occurred when comparing the simulation results with the field data that emphasize the implementation of other mechanisms, especially those that have a stabilizing effect. Long-term metastable states, found in the population-level cultural diversity, raise awareness to animal cultures’ possible sensitivity to external factors.
Comparison of impacts of oil infrastructure on grassland songbirds between landscape-scale noise addition and noise removal experiments
Authors: Rosa Patricia , Koper Nicola
Published: June 2023

As anthropogenic noise becomes increasingly widespread in natural habitats, noise addition and removal studies have become an important and commonly used method to assess the effects of noise on wildlife. Despite their wide implementation, it is difficult to determine whether the results from these studies translate to natural environments. Oil extraction operations provide a unique opportunity to conduct large-scale natural and experimental noise studies because they emit high-amplitude noise and are subject to interruptions or cessation of operations. We conducted a 6-year study aimed at identifying the effects of different types of oil infrastructure and noise on four species of grassland songbirds in the Canadian prairies. We measured abundance and nesting success of our focal species and compared between a large-scale playback experiment (i.e., noise addition) and in response to real infrastructure (i.e., noise removal). We also conducted an in-depth species analysis of reproductive output, stress, and population structure of an endangered species, Chestnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus). This multi-species and species-specific approach enabled us to assess noise impacts that may vary among species and for different life-history traits. Overall, our comparative study suggests that noise addition experiments can result in different conclusions regarding the ecological impacts of noise generated from in situ field studies in sites with associated disturbances. While noise clearly impacts birds in many ways, when layered with the many other ecosystem changes associated with real-world oil extraction activity, the effects of noise may be less prominent. As such, caution must be taken when applying results of noise experiments to conservation and management plans and regulations, as effects of noise predicted by lab and field noise addition experiments may simply not be realized under real-world conditions.
Partitioning beta diversity of dry and hot valley vegetation in the Nujiang River in Southwest China
Authors: Zhao Ziqing , He Liping , Li Guixiang , Ma Saiyu , Cui Ming , Liu Yuguo , Chai Yong
Published: June 2023

The formation and continued maintenance of beta diversity are essential factors contributing to the effective conservation of plant community biodiversity and sustainable development of ecosystem functions. While it is widely acknowledged that two different patterns, including turnover and nestedness, strongly influence plant community beta diversity, their relative importance in the unique dry and hot valleys of Southwest China is yet to be fully understood. For this study, we established a 100 km belt transect in the Nujiang dry and hot valley of Southwest China and conducted community investigations. The calculations of species and phylogenetic beta diversity composition patterns allowed us to explore the relative importance of environmental and dispersal limitations in terms of their contributions to beta diversity. The findings indicated that in the Nujiang dry and hot valley of Northwest Yunnan, species and phylogenetic beta diversity in the plant communities were mainly composed of the turnover component. The values of phylogenetic beta diversity and its turnover components were lower than those of species beta diversity. Both environmental and dispersal limitations played a role in partitioning beta diversity in the region, with environmental limitations being more dominant than dispersal limitations. The analysis of specific environmental factors revealed that climate factors, such as mean annual precipitation and Hargreaves reference evaporation, and soil factors, such as pH, were the primary drivers of species and phylogenetic beta diversity in the region. In addition, we observed that various limiting environmental factors related to the growth and development of different life forms existed within the dry and hot valley communities. The study highlighted the potential benefits of establishing conservation reserves featuring multiple dominant shrub species in the Nujiang dry and hot valley of Southwest China for the protection of the vegetation. The findings demonstrated that environmental factors, particularly hydrothermal conditions, played a significant role in constraining the maintenance of beta diversity in plant communities in the dry and hot valley region at a regional scale, given the geological history and environmental changes that have occurred over time.
Apilimod activates the NLRP3 inflammasome through lysosome-mediated mitochondrial damage
Authors: Hou Yingting , He Hongbin , Ma Ming , Zhou Rongbin
Published: June 2023

NLRP3 is an important innate immune sensor that responses to various signals and forms the inflammasome complex, leading to IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis. Lysosomal damage has been implicated in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to crystals or particulates, but the mechanism remains unclear. We developed the small molecule library screening and found that apilimod, a lysosomal disruptor, is a selective and potent NLRP3 agonist. Apilimod promotes the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, IL-1β secretion, and pyroptosis. Mechanismically, while the activation of NLRP3 by apilimod is independent of potassium efflux and directly binding, apilimod triggers mitochondrial damage and lysosomal dysfunction. Furthermore, we found that apilimod induces TRPML1-dependent calcium flux in lysosomes, leading to mitochondrial damage and the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Thus, our results revealed the pro-inflammasome activity of apilimod and the mechanism of calcium-dependent lysosome-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Self-delivery of TIGIT-blocking scFv enhances CAR-T immunotherapy in solid tumors
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Fan , Ji Feng , Chen Jiannan , Li Jun , Chen Zhengliang , Hu Zhigang , Guo Zhigang
Published: June 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy has become an important immunotherapeutic tool for overcoming cancers. However, the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors is relatively poor due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment and inhibitory immune checkpoints. TIGIT on the surface of T cells acts as an immune checkpoint by binding to CD155 on the tumor cells’ surface, thereby inhibiting tumor cell killing. Blocking TIGIT/CD155 interactions is a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we generated anti-MLSN CAR-T cells in combination with anti-α-TIGIT for solid tumors treatment. The anti-α-TIGIT effectively enhanced the efficacy of anti-MLSN CAR-T cells on the killing of target cells in vitro. In addition, we genetically engineered anti-MSLN CAR-T cells with the capacity to constitutively produce TIGIT-blocking single-chain variable fragments. Our study demonstrated that blocking TIGIT significantly promoted cytokine release to augment the tumor-killing effect of MT CAR-T cells. Moreover, the self-delivery of TIGIT-blocking scFvs enhanced the infiltration and activation of MT CAR-T cells in the tumor microenvironments to achieve better tumor regression in vivo. These results suggest that blocking TIGIT effectively enhances the anti-tumor effect of CAR-T cells and suggest a promising strategy of combining CAR-T with immune checkpoints blockade in the treatment of solid tumors.
Integrated multi-omics analyses reveal the altered transcriptomic characteristics of pulmonary macrophages in immunocompromised hosts with Pneumocystis pneumonia
Authors: Wang Yawen , Li Kang , Zhao Weichao , Liu Yalan , Li Ting , Yang Hu-Qin , Tong Zhaohui , Song Nan
Published: June 2023

Introduction

With the extensive use of immunosuppressants, immunosuppression-associated pneumonitis including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) has received increasing attention. Though aberrant adaptive immunity has been considered as a key reason for opportunistic infections, the characteristics of innate immunity in these immunocompromised hosts remain unclear.

Methods

In this study, wild type C57BL/6 mice or dexamethasone-treated mice were injected with or without Pneumocystis. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) were harvested for the multiplex cytokine and metabolomics analysis. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of indicated lung tissues or BALFs was performed to decipher the macrophages heterogeneity. Mice lung tissues were further analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) or immunohistochemical staining.

Results

We found that the secretion of both pro-inflammatory cytokines and metabolites in the Pneumocystis-infected mice are impaired by glucocorticoids. By scRNA-seq, we identified seven subpopulations of macrophages in mice lung tissues. Among them, a group of Mmp12+ macrophages is enriched in the immunocompetent mice with Pneumocystis infection. Pseudotime trajectory showed that these Mmp12+ macrophages are differentiated from Ly6c+ classical monocytes, and highly express pro-inflammatory cytokines elevated in BALFs of Pneumocystis-infected mice. In vitro, we confirmed that dexamethasone impairs the expression of Lif, Il1b, Il6 and Tnf, as well as the fungal killing capacity of alveolar macrophage (AM)-like cells. Moreover, in patients with PCP, we found a group of macrophages resembled the aforementioned Mmp12+ macrophages, and these macrophages are inhibited in the patient receiving glucocorticoid treatment. Additionally, dexamethasone simultaneously impaired the functional integrity of resident AMs and downregulated the level of lysophosphatidylcholine, leading to the suppressed antifungal capacities.

Conclusion

We reported a group of Mmp12+ macrophages conferring protection during Pneumocystis infection, which can be dampened by glucocorticoids. This study provides multiple resources for understanding the heterogeneity and metabolic changes of innate immunity in immunocompromised hosts, and also suggests that the loss of Mmp12+ macrophages population contributes to the pathogenesis of immunosuppression-associated pneumonitis.
Ex vivo modulation of intact tumor fragments with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 influences the expansion and specificity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Hulen Thomas Morgan , Friese Christina , Kristensen Nikolaj Pagh , Granhøj Joachim Stoltenborg , Borch Troels Holz , Peeters Marlies J. W. , Donia Marco , Andersen Mads Hald , Hadrup Sine Reker , Svane Inge Marie , Met Özcan
Published: June 2023

Checkpoint inhibition (CPI) therapy and adoptive cell therapy with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL-based ACT) are the two most effective immunotherapies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. While CPI has been the dominating therapy in the past decade, TIL-based ACT is beneficial for individuals even after progression on previous immunotherapies. Given that notable differences in response have been made when used as a subsequent treatment, we investigated how the qualities of TILs changed when the ex vivo microenvironment of intact tumor fragments were modulated with checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). Initially, we show that unmodified TILs from CPI-resistant individuals can be produced, are overwhelmingly terminally differentiated, and are capable of responding to tumor. We then investigate these properties in ex vivo checkpoint modulated TILs finding that that they retain these qualities. Lastly, we confirmed the specificity of the TILs to the highest responding tumor antigens, and identified this reactivity resides largely in CD39+CD69+ terminally differentiated populations. Overall, we found that anti-PD-1 will alter the proliferative capacity while anti-CTLA4 will influence breadth of antigen specificity.