bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenotypes of caregiver distress in military and veteran caregivers: Suicidal ideation associations
Authors: Delgado Roxana E. , Peacock Kimberly , Wang Chen-Pin , Pugh Mary Jo
Published: June 2021

The United States (US) has been at war for almost two decades, resulting in a high prevalence of injuries and illnesses in service members and veterans. Family members and friends are frequently becoming the caregivers of service members and veterans who require long-term assistance for their medical conditions. There is a significant body of research regarding the physical, emotional, and social toll of caregiving and the associated adverse health-related outcomes. Despite strong evidence of the emotional toll and associated mental health conditions in family caregivers, the literature regarding suicidal ideation among family caregivers is scarce and even less is known about suicidal ideation in military caregivers. This study sought to identify clusters of characteristics and health factors (phenotypes) associated with suicidal ideation in a sample of military caregivers using a cross-sectional, web-based survey. Measures included the context of caregiving, physical, emotional, social health, and health history of caregivers. Military caregivers in this sample (n = 458) were mostly young adults (M = 39.8, SD = 9.9), caring for complex medical conditions for five or more years. They reported high symptomology on measures of pain, depression, and stress. Many (39%) experienced interruptions in their education and 23.6% reported suicidal ideation since becoming a caregiver. General latent variable analyses revealed three distinct classes or phenotypes (low, medium, high) associated with suicidality. Individuals in the high suicidality phenotype were significantly more likely to have interrupted their education due to caregiving and live closer (within 25 miles) to a VA medical center. This study indicates that interruption of life events, loss of self, and caring for a veteran with mental health conditions/suicidality are significant predictors of suicidality in military caregivers. Future research should examine caregiver life experiences in more detail to determine the feasibility of developing effective interventions to mitigate suicide-related risk for military caregivers.
Interplay of phosphate and carbonate ions with flavin photosensitizers in photodynamic inactivation of bacteria
Authors: Eckl Daniel Bernhard , Eben Stefanie Susanne , Schottenhaml Laura , Eichner Anja , Vasold Rudolf , Späth Andreas , Bäumler Wolfgang , Huber Harald
Published: June 2021

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of pathogenic bacteria is a promising technology in different applications. Thereby, a photosensitizer (PS) absorbs visible light and transfers the energy to oxygen yielding reactive oxygen species (ROS). The produced ROS are then capable of killing microorganisms via oxidative damage of cellular constituents. Among other PS, some flavins are capable of producing ROS and cationic flavins are already successfully applied in PDI. When PDI is used for example on tap water, PS like flavins will encounter various ions and other small organic molecules which might hamper the efficacy of PDI. Thus, the impact of carbonate and phosphate ions on PDI using two different cationic flavins (FLASH-02a, FLASH-06a) was investigated using Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as model organisms. Both were inactivated in vitro at a low light exposure of 0.72 J cm-2. Upon irradiation, FLASH-02a reacts to single substances in the presence of carbonate or phosphate, whereas the photochemical reaction for FLASH-06a was more unspecific. DPBF-assays indicated that carbonate and phosphate ions decreased the generation of singlet oxygen of both flavins. Both microorganisms could be easily inactivated by at least one PS with up to 6 log10 steps of cell counts in low ion concentrations. Using the constant radiation exposure of 0.72 J cm-2, the inactivation efficacy decreased somewhat at medium ion concentrations but reached almost zero for high ion concentrations. Depending on the application of PDI, the presence of carbonate and phosphate ions is unavoidable. Only upon light irradiation such ions may attack the PS molecule and reduce the efficacy of PDI. Our results indicate concentrations for carbonate and phosphate, in which PDI can still lead to efficient reduction of bacterial cells when using flavin based PS.
The queering of the apparel industry: Exploring transgender consumer needs when shopping for clothing
Authors: Nelson Audrey L. , Hwang Chanmi
Published: June 2021

For individuals who identify as queer, the concept of ‘men’s’ and ‘women’s’ clothing departments is often not ideal and does not align with their values, role or body image. This study explores transgender consumers’ experiences and needs when shopping for clothing and provides suggestions on how apparel retailers can promote a more inclusive apparel shopping experience. Four themes surfaced as participants in this study discussed their apparel shopping experiences: (a) inclusivity throughout store layout and interaction with retail sales staff, (b) gender-affirming clothes that positively influence role and self-esteem, (c) non-restrictive garment fit and compression, and (d) interest in inclusive androgynous styles and aesthetic qualities from queer artists to benefit the queer community. In this study, the concept of trans-inclusive is used as a way of welcoming and implementing the idea of apparel and fashion beyond cisnormative identities, and also as a way to advocate for inclusivity in all consumer markets. This research provides insights for the apparel industry on what is needed for this emerging market of queer individuals and promotes a more inclusive apparel shopping experience.
Impact of the union intervention in the matter of labor risks of psychosocial origin. A study purchased in Western Europe
Authors: Payá  Castiblanque Raúl
Published: June 2021

It is known that union intervention has a positive effect on the reduction of occupational accidents. However, there is no comparable evidence on its effect on psychosomatic pathologies. This research studies the impact of workers' representation on psychosocial risks, both in aggregate terms for the whole of the EU and in a comparative manner between the different systems of labor relations. To this end, the microdata of a survey of 31,991 European work centers (ESENER-2) are analyzed by means of various regression models that allowed the identification of how the presence of representatives guarantees higher standards of management and the corresponding cultural activation, while those of absenteeism from work are only reduced with the direct and active participation of the workers. On the other hand, the analysis of multiple correspondences allows us to see how the institutionalized systems of the Central European and Mediterranean area present more difficulties in involving workers than the Scandinavian or Anglo-Saxon systems, which are characterized by higher levels of self-regulation
Los derechos colectivos del trabajo doméstico en relación con el Estatuto de los Trabajadores
Authors: Sanz Sáez Concepción
Published: June 2021

El reconocimiento de los derechos colectivos para las personas trabajadoras del servicio doméstico viene dado por el artículo 2.2 del Estatuto de los Trabajadores, así como por el silencio del Decreto 1620/2011, de 14 de noviembre, por el que se regula la relación laboral de carácter especial del servicio del hogar familiar que supone la aplicación supletoria de la normativa laboral común, compatible con las peculiaridades de la relación laboral especial, como ya señalaba la legislación anterior en el Real Decreto 1424/1985 de 1 de agosto.Esta particularidad produce que el ejercicio de derechos colectivos por estas personas sea escaso, no porque el ordenamiento jurídico lo prohíba, que no lo hace, sino porque las dificultades para su ejercicio no han sido resueltas por la norma reglamentaria.
El día que el Ever Given bloqueó el transporte marítimo
Authors: Domínguez-Uranga Aitor
Published: June 2021

El transporte marítimo es uno de los más importantes en el sector del comercio internacional; más del 80% de las mercancías son trasladadas por mar. El tamaño de los buques es cada vez más colosal, lo que permite poder trasladar mayor número de cargamento que otros transportes convencionales: como los camiones, los trenes o los aviones. No obstante, al igual que estos, los buques tienen tendencia a sufrir accidentes durante la prestación de sus servicios, sobre todo en rutas que resultan complicadas de atravesar. Cuando los accidentes tienen lugar, se genera una responsabilidad que se debe acotar por quien genera los daños y los perjuicios. Esto mismo es lo que se está teniendo en cuenta sobre el accidente ocurrido recientemente en el Canal de Suez, debido al bloqueo por el Ever Given, causando temporalmente el cierre del tráfico marítimo en su zona.
Naturaleza de la intervención de la inteligencia artificial en la formación del consentimiento contractual
Authors: Malham Daniel Andrés , Huerta-Fernández Aaron
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el uso de la inteligencia artificial en el proceso de formación de la voluntad contractual en el sistema jurídico venezolano vigente. Para ello, fueron utilizados planteamientos doctrinarios y legislativos, nacionales e internacionales. Esta investigación es de tipo explicativo y aplicado, con un diseño documental. Asimismo, la metodología empleada fue la hermenéutica rigurosa de lógica aplicada. De igual forma, concluye en el uso de la inteligencia artificial como un medio válido para la formación del consentimiento en una relación jurídico-obligatoria, valiéndose de una extensión de la personalidad jurídica de la empresa y obrando con una especial manifestación del poder de disposición.
« Un baromètre vivant ». Sur une métaphore proustienne
Authors: Swoboda Tomasz
Published: June 2021

The article offers a study of two Proustian metaphors: “a living barometer” and “the little barometric figure”. After a brief reminder of the role of time in The Search for Lost Time, we move on to an analysis, sometimes intratextual, sometimes psychoanalytic, of the two metaphors, which places it in the context of family relationships and illness. Indeed, the barometric figure triggers a whole series of imaginary mechanisms which refer to the sensitivity and the constitutive versatility of the Search on the one hand, and to the writing itself on the other hand, but above all root this image in a complex game of identity tensions.
Apprivoiser les météores : les baromètres imaginaires de Marie Gevers
Authors: Jago-Antoine Véronique
Published: June 2021

Belgian novelist Marie Gevers lived all her life surrounded by venerable trees alongside a pond, in the gorgeous estate of Missembourg. Her imagination and sensibility were deeply impregnated by the changing of natural elements and seasons, which were enhanced as authentic characters in her literary work. Plaisir des météores (1938) is emblematic of this impregnation, being a personal and poetical rewriting of legendary almanacs, which invigorated less-literate populations in the remote countryside for centuries after the invention of the printing press. Enlightened by this particular tradition and an analysis of the author’s creative stylistic devices, season renewal appears as an everlasting dramaturgy, leading us to adapt ourselves to the world’s perpetual metamorphosis, in a pure Ode to Joy.
A novel REBOA system: prototype and proof of concept
Authors: Smith Shane A. , McAlister Vivian C.
Published: June 2021

Background: Lower torso hemorrhage is a significant cause of death from injuries in combat. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has been used to rescue patients successfully in the hospital setting, but its prehospital use is controversial. We designed a device that would be easy to use, safer in injured vessels, migration-resistant and amenable to a prehospital environment. Methods: We designed a novel, balloon-led device using common commercial materials. Thin latex rubber was reassembled in cylindrical conformation aligned to the shape of the aorta and invaginated into vinyl tubing. The catheter is placed into the femoral vessel, followed by expression of the balloon with CO2 inflation in a proximal direction to navigate and treat damaged pelvic vasculature, occluding the distal aorta. The system was tested on model aortas (both intact and injured cadaveric porcine aorta) with inline fluid flow and pressure monitoring to determine the maximum pressure the balloons could occlude. The device was also tested on a perfused human cadaveric model. Results: Flow was occluded with the balloon up to an average of 561.1 ± 124.3 mm Hg. It always ruptured before causing damage to the porcine aorta and was able to occlude injured iliac vessels and proceed to occlude the distal aorta. The device was effective in occluding the distal aorta of a perfused human cadaver. Conclusion: This novel, high-volume, low-pressure device can occlude the distal aorta in a simulated human aorta model, cadaveric porcine model and perfused human cadaver. It can occlude fluid flow to supraphysiologic pressures. It is easy to use, migration-resistant, able to navigate and treat injured pelvic vessels, and amenable to prehospital care.
TestingImmerseMewith Chinese students: acquisition of foreign language forms and vocabulary in Spanish
Authors: Casañ-Pitarch Ricardo , Gong Jingtao
Published: June 2021

The use of video games in the foreign language classroom is becoming an emerging tendency. This paper aims at analysing how the serious video gameImmerseMeinfluences the learning of Spanish as a foreign language within a group of 22 Chinese students. This research was conducted through an experiment that included testing participants’ progress (group 1) before and after completing a five-lesson plan using the aforementioned video game, this being compared with a group of 26 Chinese students (group 2). Based on the content of the selected lessons, the main purpose of this test was to determine the participants’ initial level and then assess their progress considering the mistakes that they made regarding the word order structure, lexicon, grammar, spelling, and content. The results have shown that all the participants in group 1 progressed in the second test after completing the lessons throughImmerseMe, and their performances were generally better than those of group 2. In conclusion, it seems that the use of serious video games such asImmerseMecan be a useful tool in the educational field of foreign language learning and teaching.
Existential Care in a Modern Society: Pastoral Care Consultations in Local Communities in Norway
Authors: Danbolt Lars Johan , Zock Hetty , Austad Anne , Grung Anne Hege , Stifoss-Hanssen Hans
Published: June 2021

Data from a recent survey on pastoral care consultations (PCC) in Norway (N=408) is presented, showing that PCC is a service priests and deacons provide for people in the municipality, independent of faith affiliation. The most common PCC themes regarded mental and social distress, such as grief, conflicts, and loneliness. Furthermore, illness-related themes were prominent, and a specter of religious and moral issues. We discuss the results in the context of ongoing changes and reforms in both church and health care, and point at possible health promoting dimensions of PCC as existential assistance in the space between personal network support and public health care.
Liberation Theologies, Decolonial Thinking, and Practical Theologies: Odd Combinations?
Authors: Medina Néstor , Whitla Becca , Fernández-Albán Ary
Published: June 2021

This article honours the rich contexts from which liberation theologies and decolonial insights emerge. It includes an invitation to practical theologians to be mindful of the long-standing intellectual traditions behind these strands. The authors summarize and distinguish the crucial insights and points of differences as they argue for rigorous practical theological methods. They draw from their concrete experiences in the Americas to show the intricate possibilities of using liberation and decolonial thinking in practical theology.
Three-dimensional shape analysis of peripapillary retinal pigment epithelium-basement membrane layer based on OCT radial images
Authors: Tong Junfei , Dong Pengfei , Kedar Sachin , Ghate Deepta , Gu Linxia
Published: June 2021

The peripapillary retinal pigment epithelium-basement membrane (ppRPE/BM) layer angle was recently proposed as a potential index for estimating intracranial pressure noninvasively. However, the ppRPE/BM layer angle, measured from the optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans, varied across the radial directions of the optic disc. This made the ppRPE/BM layer angle difficult to be utilized in its full potential. In this study, we developed a mathematical model to quantify the ppRPE/BM layer angles across radial scans in relation to the ppRPE/BM 3D morphology in terms of its 3D angle and scanning tilt angles. Results showed that the variations of the ppRPE/BM layer angle across radial scans were well explained by its 3D angle and scanning tilt angles. The ppRPE/BM layer 3D angle was reversely fitted from the measured ppRPE/BM layer angles across radial directions with application to six eyes from four patients, who underwent medically necessary lumbar puncture. The fitted curve from our mathematical model matched well with the experimental measurements (R
2 > 0.9 in most cases). This further validated our mathematical model. The proposed model in this study has elucidated the variations of ppRPE/BM layer angle across 2D radial scans from the perspective of the ppRPE/BM layer 3D morphology. It is expected that the ppRPE/BM layer 3D angle developed in this study could be further exploited as a new biomarker for the optic disc.
Der Beitrag von Hebammen zur perinatalen Gesundheit
Authors: Niemeyer Anna , Schwarz Christiane
Published: June 2021

Hebammen tragen weltweit zur perinatalen Gesundheit von Gebärenden und ihren Kindern bei. Das gilt für die körperlichen, aber auch für psychologische, emotionale und soziale Aspekte von Gesundheit. Die Beratung Schwangerer, die Begleitung von Gebärenden, die Unterstützung beim Übergang in die Lebensphase Mutterschaft/Elternschaft sind grundlegend primärpräventiv und ermöglichen idealerweise eine positive Erfahrung dieser Lebensphase. In Deutschland arbeiten Hebammen in allen Settings und in unterschiedlichen arbeitsorganisatorischen Strukturen.
Das dynamische nationale Gesundheitsziel „Gesundheit rund um die Geburt“
Authors: Altgeld Thomas
Published: June 2021

Das Gesundheitsziel „Gesundheit rund um die Geburt“ wurde 2017 als neuntes nationales Gesundheitsziel verabschiedet. Es verbindet salutogene und risikoorientierte Blickwinkel. Außerdem fokussiert es die Autonomie von Schwangeren sowie die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit heterogener Berufsgruppen. In der Umsetzung erweist es sich als das bislang dynamischste Gesundheitsziel, da es Antworten auf die aktuellen Herausforderungen der geburtshilflichen Versorgung in Deutschland bietet.
Sichere Versorgungswege durch Lotsensysteme in der Geburtshilfe
Authors: Hippmann Franzisca , Thyen Ute
Published: June 2021

Die Geburtshilfe in Deutschland und Europa begegnet in den letzten Jahren zunehmend neuen Herausforderungen aufgrund des zunehmenden Alters der Erstgebärenden und den damit verbundenen medizinischen Risiken sowie steigenden psychosozialen Belastungen auf Elternseite. Probleme in der sektorenübergreifenden Kommunikation führen dazu, dass Eltern mit Unterstützungsbedarf nicht die geeignete Hilfe zuteil wird. Um einen guten Start in die Familie zu ermöglichen, können zentral in den Geburtskliniken verankerte Lotsendienste helfen.
Integration international qualifizierter Hebammen
Authors: Blättner Beate
Published: June 2021

Die Integration von in anderen Ländern qualifizierten Hebammen in das Versorgungssystem in Deutschland ist eine der Strategien zur Reduktion des Hebammenmangels. In den Bundesländern ist diese Strategie von heterogener Bedeutung. Trotz gemeinsamer Mindeststandards sind schon in der EU die Ausbildung und das Berufsverständnis unterschiedlich. Mangelnde Vorbereitung von bestehenden Teams auf die Integrationsarbeit und mangelnde Anerkennung der geleisteten Arbeit durch die Einrichtung führt zu einem defizitären Blick auf die Kolleg*innen. Damit gehen Chancen, von den international Qualifizierten für die Versorgungspraxis zu lernen, verloren.
Hebammenwissenschaft studieren – Entwicklungsstand in Deutschland
Authors: Baumgärtner Barbara
Published: June 2021

Seit dem 1.1.2020 ist das neue Hebammengesetz in Kraft. Auf der Grundlage dieses Gesetzes wurden im Wintersemester 2020/21 zwölf primärqualifizierende Studiengänge für Hebammen eingerichtet, weitere Studiengänge sind in Planung. Herausforderungen in der Durchführung der Studiengänge bestehen vor allem hinsichtlich der Gewährleistung einer unabhängigen Disziplinentwicklung, der langfristigen Finanzierungsgrundlagen der Studiengänge, dem Aufbau von Forschungsprofilen sowie der Nachwuchsförderung.
Verbleib von Absolvent*innen eines Modellstudiengangs Hebammenkunde
Authors: Meissner Franziska
Published: June 2021

Erste Ergebnisse einer Verbleibstudie von Absolvent*innen des Modellstudiengangs Hebammenkunde der Hochschule Fulda lassen auf einen eingeschränkt erfolgreichen Einstieg in den Beruf schließen. Die mangelnde Akzeptanz der akademischen Qualifizierung stellt beim Berufseintritt eine zentrale Herausforderung dar. Die Akzeptanzproblematik kann als Barriere für einen gelungenen Integrationsprozess der Absolvent*innen in der Berufspraxis angesehen werden.
Stillen – Muttersache: ein geschlechterkritischer Blick auf die Säuglingsernährung
Authors: Rose Lotte
Published: June 2021

Stillen gilt heute als die beste Form der Säuglingsernährung. Diese Norm wird mit Rückgriff auf die Beiträge der Gender Studies zum Stillen geschlechterkritisch in den Blick genommen. Im ersten Schritt wird die politische Historie der wechselvollen Etablierung des Ideals des Stillen rekonstruiert. Im zweiten Schritt werden die sozialen Folgen dieses Ideals für die Positionierung der Mutter und des Vaters bei der Neugeborenenpflege herausgearbeitet.
Pain experience in an aging adult population during a 10-year follow-up
Authors: Marttinen Maiju K. , Kautiainen Hannu , Vuorimaa Hanna , Kauppi Markku J.
Published: June 2021

Objectives

This 10-year follow-up study aimed to examine the persistence of SF-36 pain intensity and pain-related interference and to identify baseline factors that may relate to pain experience among community-dwelling aging adults.

Methods

Questionnaire and clinical data on a total of 1,954 participants (mean age at baseline 63 years) were collected in 2002, 2005, 2008, and 2012. Based on pain reports, four pain intensity, pain interference (PIPI) groups were formed at each time point: PIPI group I: none to mild pain intensity and interference; II: moderate to extreme pain intensity, none to mild pain-related interference; III: None to mild pain intensity, moderate to extreme pain-related interference, IV: Moderate to extreme pain intensity and interference.

Results

Participants with the most pain at baseline improved their pain situation the most during the follow-up. Higher BMI was associated with pain interference, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and musculoskeletal diseases with both pain intensity and interference (p<0.05, statistically significant interaction between pain intensity and pain interference) at baseline. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis the following baseline characteristics were associated with remaining in PIPI group I throughout the follow-up: presence of musculoskeletal disease (OR 0.22 [95% CI 0.16–0.30]), high BMI (OR 0.93 [95% CI 0.90–0.97]), high household income (OR 1.46 [95% CI 1.07–1.98]), good childhood home environment (OR 1.03 [95% CI 1.00–1.05]).

Conclusions

Multiple factors may affect pain persistence in late adulthood with varying effect on pain intensity and pain-related interference. Pain situation of even those with most pain may be improved.
Causality in the South
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: June 2021

Policy development planning using legal and monetary mechanisms has proved to have little success. Due to this experience, resistance to modernisation has been explained by factors such as “tradition”, “culture”, “mentalities”. But such explanations have remained more or less tautological. It is therefore proposed to replace them with a single factor that could be called a “social construction” of causality.

After decades of research on causal attribution and perception of causal relations, it can no longer be assumed that relations between causes and effects are objective facts of the world, on which true or untrue judgements are then possible. Rather, it is about an infinity of possible combinations of causes and effects, which can only be used extremely selectively if a connection of certain causes with certain effects is to give some cognitive or practical meaning. In other words: causality is a medium of loosely coupled possibilities, the use of which requires the formation of relational forms, i. e. a firm coupling of certain causes and certain effects. Prospects of successful action as well as observing the intentions of others depend on such a selection of forms. These are social constructs, but their construction is not included in the causal scheme like a meta-cause, as it were, as the cause of causality itself. Rather, the creation of form serves as a “blind spot” which makes it possible to see and use causality.

If a society is accustomed to locating causality in personalised social networks and to expect success or failure from the use of this specific form of causality, it will be very difficult to change these conditions if equally handy causal forms cannot be provided as a substitute. More money and more legal norms will only serve to test and confirm the effectiveness of the network’s contacts.
Ocular foreign bodies: evolution of professional roles and public costs in Quebec
Authors: Tousignant Benoit , Coulibaly Drissa Moriba , Brûlé Julie , Gresset Jacques
Published: June 2021

Purpose

In 2003, Quebec optometrists were legally enabled to extract superficial ocular foreign bodies, with part of this service covered by the universal health insurance. This study analyses the evolution of roles for professionals managing this condition (optometrists, ophthalmologists, emergency physicians and family physicians) and the related public healthcare costs.

Methods

Data from the provincial health insurance were combined to demographic and annual healthcare workforce statistics. Across professions and sociosanitary regions, variations in annual rates of conditions treated were calculated, as well as variations in public healthcare costs. Linear regression slopes of these variations were used as indicators of linear trends.

Results

Between 2010 and 2016, the proportion of cases managed by optometrists increases from 32% to 44%, following a significant trend (p < 0.007). For family physicians, the proportion of cases managed decreases from 49% to 33%, following a significant trend (p < 0.0001). The increase in optometrists managing cases is visible in almost all sociosanitary regions, reaching +19%. A significant trend was observed for increasing healthcare costs for optometrists (p < 0.008) and ophthalmologists (p < 0.004) and for decreasing healthcare costs for family physicians (p < 0.001). In 2016, optometrists managed 44% of cases, representing 13% of related healthcare costs.

Conclusion

In Quebec, optometrists are now the professionals managing the largest proportion of superficial ocular foreign bodies, across the province. There is an apparent shift from the proportion of cases managed by family physicians, which have similarly decreased.
Constatations cliniques et prise en charge de la papillopathie diabétique : Rapport de cas
Authors: Gao Eva
Published: June 2021

La papillopathie diabétique est une manifestation oculaire rare du diabète qui est associée à une diminution rapide de l’hémoglobine A1c. La présenta-tion typique de cette condition a tendance à être asymptomatique avec une pression intracrânienne normale. Ce rapport de cas décrit un homme de 64 ans de race blanche qui s’est présenté avec une papillopathie diabétique. Comme il s’agit d’un diagnostic d’exclusion, l’imagerie par résonance mag-nétique, la venographie par résonance magnétique et la ponction lombaire doivent être effectuées pour exclure d’autres causes possibles d’œdème papillaire, y compris l’ischémie, l’infection, l’inflammation, l’infiltration, l’augmentation de la pression intracrânienne en raison de lésions occupant de l’espace et l’hypertension intracrânienne idiopathique.
Corps étrangers oculaires : évolution des rôles professionnels et des coûts pour le régime de santé public du Québec
Authors: Tousignant Benoit , Coulibaly Drissa Moriba , Brûlé Julie , Gresset Jacques
Published: June 2021

En 2003, les optométristes du Québec ont été autorisés en vertu de la loi à extraire des corps étrangers oculaires superficiels, une partie de ce service étant couverte par le régime universel d’assurance-maladie. Cette étude anal-yse l’évolution du rôle des professionnels qui prennent en charge ce prob-lème (optométristes, ophtalmologistes, urgentologues et omnipraticiens) et les coûts connexes des soins de santé publics.
Fractal characteristics of geomorphological heterogeneity in Xisha Islands waters under Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Wang Xuli
Published: June 2021

Based on the obvious anisotropy of Xisha Islands waters topography, the uneven fractal characteristics of Xisha Islands waters topography are studied by using multivariate linear expression. Using multiple linear regression analysis method to extract the projection of heterogeneous characteristic factors, the geometric heterogeneous characteristics of Xisha Islands waters are obtained. The fractal feature of landform is studied based on projection coverage method, and the non-isotropic body irregularity in Xisha Islands waters is measured. Experimental results show that this method can effectively analyze the non-uniform fractal characteristics of the Xisha Islands waters. The fractal dimension of different types of landforms in Xisha Islands in the corresponding region is high mountain area > medium and low mountain area > basin area, which reflects the difference of surface roughness or complexity of different types of landforms. The calculated fractal dimension is helpful to reveal the heterogeneity of general geomorphological features in different development stages.
BEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONS IMPLEMENTATION ON SPIKING NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Korsakov Anton , Bakhshiev Aleksandr , Astapova Lyubov , Stankevich Lev
Published: June 2021

The question of behavioral functions modeling of animals (in particular, the modeling and implementation of the conditioned reflex) is considered. The analysis of the current state of neural networks with the possibility of structural reconfiguration is carried out. The modeling is carried out by means of neural networks, which are built on the basis of a compartmental spiking model of a neuron with the possibility of structural adaptation to the input pulse pattern. The compartmental spike model of a neuron is able to change its structure (the size of the cell body, the number and length of dendrites, the number of synapses) depending on the incoming pulse pattern at its inputs. A brief description of the compartmental spiking model of a neuron is given, and its main features are noted in terms of the possibility of its structural reconfiguration. The method of structural adaptation of the compartmental spiking model of the neuron to the input pulse pattern is described. To study the work of the proposed model of a neuron in a network, the choice of a conditioned reflex as a special case of the formation of associative connections is justified as an example. The structural scheme and algorithm of formation of a conditioned reflex with both positive and negative reinforcement are described. The article presents a step-by-step description of experiments on the associative connection’s formation in general and conditioned reflex (both with positive and negative reinforcement), in particular. The conclusion is made about the prospects of using spiking compartmental models of neurons to improve the efficiency of the implementation of behavioral functions in neuromorphic control systems. Further promising directions for the development of neuromorphic systems based on spiking compartmental models of the neuron are considered.
Intentionality of women's actions in labor: a study in social phenomenology
Authors: Honnef Fernanda , Padoin Stela Maris de Mello , Paula Cristiane Cardoso de , Langendorf Tassiane Ferreira
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the intentionality of women's autonomous actions in labor. Methods: a study in Alfred Schütz's social phenomenology, developed with 15 puerperal women admitted to a university hospital in southern Brazil. Data were collected through phenomenological interviews and analyzed according to the adopted framework and the comparison with scientific productions. Results: the actions intended to receive physical and emotional support from their companions, from pregnancy, for a peaceful delivery with less pain, fast and without interventions. The intention was to do the right things for the child's well-being and, after delivery, to be painless and active to take care of their children. Final considerations: women's actions have intentionality arising from their knowledge, which is guided by the social relationships established in the world of life.
Persuasive communication and the diminution of the salt intake in heart failure patients: a pilot study
Authors: Sousa Mailson Marques de , Almeida Taciana da Costa Farias , Gouveia Bernadete de Lourdes André , Freire Maria Eliane Moreira , Sousa Francisco Stélio de , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the effect of persuasive communication in the modulation of the behavioral intention of reducing the consumption of salt in heart failure patients. Methods: pilot quasi-experimental study with one group, before and after the application of audiovisual persuasive communication, as guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior. This study used a form built and validated to measure behavioral variables (Beliefs, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control). Wilcoxon's test and Spearman's correlation were applied. Results: 82 heart failure patients who were being monitored in outpatient clinics participated. The medians of the behavioral variables increased significantly after the exposition to persuasive communication, showing a high level of intention to execute the behavior. Conclusions: persuasive communication positively contributed to influence the behavioral intention of reducing the consumption of salt in people with cardiac insufficiency.
“Eu digo que sou católica e dou passe”: sobre dádiva e conversão em um centro terapêutico espírita no sul do Brasil
Authors: Aureliano Waleska
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Este artigo analisa os limites da noção de conversão religiosa com base na etnografia realizada em um espaço terapêutico espírita na cidade de Florianópolis (SC). Para compreender a adesão de ex-pacientes como voluntários da instituição, desenvolvo a noção de conversão terapêutica e recorro a elementos da teoria da dádiva (Mauss 2003) por considerar que ambos conseguem abarcar a diversidade e plasticidade das filiações e identificações religiosas expressas pelos voluntários dessa instituição. O trabalho de campo evidenciou uma pluralidade de formas de engajamento que não correspondem à ideia de conversão religiosa, quando esta é considerada nos termos de uma transformação radical do pertencimento religioso, de adesão exclusivista à determinada instituição religiosa e a uma concepção identitária ortodoxa.
António Sérgio: a técnica, o trabalho e as origens do conhecimento científico humano
Authors: Príncipe João
Published: June 2021

RESUMO: Durante a Primeira República Portuguesa, António Sérgio escreveu ensaios nos quais propôs um racionalismo aberto, uma pedagogia trabalhista e uma interpretação da história de Portugal, onde as circunstâncias materiais, as práticas, os interesses económicos condicionavam as atitudes mentais dos agentes históricos. Sérgio inspirou-se na filosofia do trabalho de Proudhon, interessando-se pelas discussões francesas sobre a origem prática/técnica da inteligência humana e do papel da técnica no desenvolvimento científico, discussões que envolveram Bergson, Durkheim e Louis Weber. Foi a partir dessa perspectiva pragmatista que realçou o papel das navegações portuguesas e da atitude de experimentalismo, de humanismo científico, que atribuía a algumas figuras da elite portuguesa do século XVI, bem como o interesse de Galileu pelas técnicas, que favoreceu o seu desenvolvimento da nova física, conduzindo à Revolução Científica.
O ENSINO RELIGIOSO NA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR: ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES
Authors: SANTOS TACIANA BRASIL DOS
Published: June 2021

RESUMO: Este artigo discute sobre o Ensino Religioso na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), documento resultante das políticas públicas de educação no período da redemocratização brasileira. Atendendo ao previsto na Constituição Federal de 1988, a educação deve formar cidadãos aptos à vivência em uma sociedade democrática. Porém, historicamente, o Ensino Religioso sempre foi ligado a interesses confessionais e políticos. Ainda assim, foi contemplado na BNCC. Através de pesquisa documental, procurou-se compreender o processo de construção do documento, as alterações sofridas pela proposta para o Ensino Religioso ao longo do processo, e as competências e habilidades que se espera que o aluno desenvolva através do conteúdo. Concluiu-se que a presença na BNCC possibilitou um desenvolvimento epistemológico para o Ensino Religioso nunca experimentado até então. O processo democrático de construção do documento conferiu-lhe maior legitimidade, e as escolhas curriculares feitas o adequam aos objetivos para a educação em uma sociedade democrática e cidadã.
Fresh vegetable and fruit consumption and carotid atherosclerosis in high-cardiovascular-risk population: a cross-sectional study in Jiangsu, China
Authors: Zhu Fangyu , Qin Yu , Bi Yuan , Su Jian , Cui Lan , Luo Pengfei , Du Wencong , Miao Weigang , Wang Jinsong , Zhou Jinyi
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to investigate the association of vegetable and fruit consumption with carotid plaque (CP) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), two predictors of carotid atherosclerosis, within urban and rural adults at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in regional China. A total of 11,392 adults at high CVD risk were identified from general population of 71,511 in this cross-sectional study, conducted between November of 2015 and May of 2016 in the Jiangsu Province. Among these 11,392 high risk participants, CP prevalence was 36.7%. The independent variables, vegetable and fruit intake frequency, were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. The outcome variables, CIMT and CP, were measured by ultrasound examination. The ANCOVA analysis showed no association between CIMT values and vegetable and fruit intake frequencies. Multivariate logistic regression models were introduced to examine the association between vegetable and fruit intake and CP. After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds ratios (ORs) for participants who occasionally and daily consumed vegetable to experience any CP were 0.67 (95%CI: 0.58-0.78) and 0.70 (95%CI: 0.62-0.79), respectively, compared with those rarely consumed vegetable. While the adjusted ORs were 0.77 (95%CI: 0.64-0.92) and 0.80 (95%CI: 0.68-0.94), separately, for occasional and daily vegetable consumers to develop single CP relative to their counterparts who rarely consumed any vegetables. However, no significant association between fruit consumption and CP was observed. Among the Chinese population at high CVD risk, consumption of fresh vegetables was negatively associated with the risk of developing carotid plaque.
Diffusion of scientific concepts on obesity in the global context: a historical review
Authors: VASCONCELOS Francisco de Assis Guedes de
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT This article aimed to carry out a historical analysis of the dissemination of the scientific concepts on obesity, overweight and excess weight in the field of nutritional epidemiology in the world. The methodological procedures comprised: (1) Systematic search in the PubMed® database using single keywords and without date filter; (2) Documentary analysis of normative instruments on the websites of the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Obesity Federation; and (3) Analysis of the scientific production of scientists participating in the obesity classification of the International Obesity Task Force. The historical analysis showed that, considering the volume of publications on obesity, it appears that in the 1940-1949 decade the problem of obesity emerged on the world scenario. From the number of publications issued in the last 20 years, which corresponds to 85% of the investigated period, we can deduct that scientists’ concern to investigate the subject as a phenomenon coincides with the World Health Organization declaration of obesity as a global epidemic issued in the year 2000. In accordance with normative procedures established by international organizations, there has been a hegemonic use of the concepts of obesity and overweight, in this order of priority, by scientists worldwide. The concept of excess weight has experienced a relative rise since the year 2000, but its use has been very restricted, expressing dissonance in face of the recommendations of international standardization organizations, a fact that suggests discussion and review of its use by the world scientific community.
Motivação acadêmica de estudantes de Medicina: uma análise na perspectiva da Teoria da Autodeterminação
Authors: Cadête Filho Anizio de Almeida , Peixoto José Maria , Moura Eliane Perlatto
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The principles of the Theory of Self-Determination are relevant to professional education, as the differentiation and expression of the primary types of motivation have implications for the multiple learning outcomes. Objective: To evaluate academic motivation in 4th-year medical students at two teaching institutions and discuss the results from the perspective of the Theory of Self-Determination. Method: The present is a cross-sectional and quantitative study, conducted through a self-answered questionnaire containing 18 sociodemographic questions and the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). The sample consisted of 147 4th-year medical students from schools with different teaching methodologies: 73 students from Institution A (Problem-based learning - PBL) and 74 students from Institution B (traditional methodology). A univariate analysis was conducted using Student’s t test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation, followed by Multiple Linear Regression analysis. Results: There was a moderate profile of intrinsic (IM) and extrinsic (EM) motivation in the sample of students, with a higher IM than EM average. High levels of IM were observed in the domains of motivation for achievement and for knowledge, with the satisfaction of increasing one’s knowledge and increasing professional competence being the factors that most positively impacted motivation. In IM, the factor with the lowest score was the university as a place of enjoyment. EM was related to the desire of having a good life in the future, including monetary compensation. It was observed that the variables female gender, age under 23 years, living alone, having attended the entire course at the same institution and school with the PBL methodology had a positive influence on motivation. Conclusion: The students demonstrated higher levels of IM than those of EM, with a lower score attributed to the university as a place of enjoyment. This fact shows an opportunity for future studies, which will be able to verify the factors of the school environment related to the students’ motivation to learn. EM was associated with future life expectations. To know the variables that characterize the self-regulation of learning is crucial to support teaching strategies that contribute to the improvement of the teaching-learning process.
OSCE 3D: uma ferramenta virtual de avaliação de habilidades clínicas para tempos de pandemia de coronavírus
Authors: Faria Alexandre Loureiro , Perdigão Anne Carolinne Bezerra , Marçal Edgar , Kubrusly Marcos , Peixoto Raquel Autran Coelho , Peixoto Junior Arnaldo Aires
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: In pandemic times, in which the “lockdown strategy” has been adopted, the use of innovations using technological resources such as the creation of instruments that can replace traditional teaching-learning methods in the training of health professionals is essential. Objective: the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the usability of a realistic interactive simulation computer system using three-dimensional imaging technology and virtual reality with free-access computational tools available on the web. Methods: the development of a prototype (OSCE 3D) was based on the steps used for the construction of a “Serious Game” simulation software. The free-access version of the Unity Editor 3D platform (Unity Technologies, version 2018), used for developing educational games, the software GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP, version 2.10.12), Blender (version 2.79) and MakeHuman (version 1.1.1) were utilized for creating textures and building models of the 3D environments. An experimental phase was carried out to assess usability, through a questionnaire based on the System Usability Scale. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution and all participants signed the Informed Consent Form. Results: a total of 39 undergraduate medical students attending the 6th semester of a private university center of northeastern Brazil voluntarily participated in the evaluation of the OSCE 3D. The usability evaluation resulted in a mean score of 75.4 with a margin of error of 3.2, which is considered a good usability score according to the literature. Conclusions: this study allowed the development of a low-cost prototype, using a three-dimension realistic simulation system for clinical skills assessment. This product, even in the prototype phase, showed good usability.