bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF INTEREST IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AT THE UNIVERSITY AMONG FUTURE ARCHITECTS AND DESIGNERS AT THE CURRENT STAGE
Authors:   South Ural State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Shentsova O.M. , Besedina I.V. ,   Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, Bulycheva S.V. ,   Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G.I. Nosov, Magnitogorsk, Russia
Published: June 2021

Despite the difficulties encountered, in connection with the transition to a new system of higher education, and the process of professional training of architects and designers remains the most important tool for preserving the national "architectural school" in Russia. Today, in higher architectural education in Russia, there has been a reduction in the basic educational program in many disciplines in favor of independent work. This and other factors lead to some misunderstanding and loss of interest in the training process among students. The scientific novelty of the study consists in determining a set of pedagogical conditions for the development of interest in professional training at the university among future architects and designers at the current stage; in clarifying the content of the concepts of "professional architectural activity", "emotionally comfortable creative educational environment", "interest in professional architectural and design training", which made it possible to systematize the theoretical basis for the development of interest in professional activity among future architects and designers. The results of the experiment were obtained, during which a set of pedagogical conditions were implemented to increase the level of development of interest in professional training at the university among future architects and designers.
BEARING CAPACITY OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES OF CELLULAR CONCRETE
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia, Novikov M.V. , Sotnikova O.A. , Goikalov A.N.
Published: June 2021

Results of tests of compressed masonry elements from small cellular blocks with foam concrete cores with short-term action of axial load are presented. The nature of the destruction of experimental elements with various reinforcement schemes and the degree of joint work of monolithic foam concrete with gas silicate masonry in a complex structure is established. The strength of these complex structural elements was evaluated and the effectiveness of their application was shown to increase the load-bearing capacity of masonry of walls and pillars in the construction of buildings of small and medium storeys. The strength gain of the compressed elements, due to the reinforcement of the cores with spatial frames, ranged from 10,5 to 12,5 %, the deviation of the theoretical strength values of the centrally compressed complex sections from the experimental ones did not exceed 10 %. One and a half-two-fold reserve of strength of solid and reinforced by foam concrete cores of masonry in case of its application in bearing walls of five-storey building was revealed.
Türkiye’de Tarihsel Süreçte Tarım Politikası ve Planlama Deneyimi
Authors: KAYA Mehmet , KALAYCI İrfan
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın konusu ve amacı, Türkiye’de tarımsal üretimin artırılması için ihmal edilen sektörel planlamanın önemine dikkat çekmektir. Bugüne kadar tüm hükümetler, ülkemizin gıda ihtiyacını kendi kendine karşılamasını hedeflemiştir. Atatürk döneminde ekonomi, yokluk ve zorluklar içinde tarımsal ağırlıklı idi. 1923’te İzmir İktisat Kongresi’nde alınan kararlar ile tarımsal üretim için bir yol haritası çizilmiştir. 1938-1950 dönemi tarımsal devletçilik ile geçerken Çiftçiyi Topraklandırma Yasası çıkarılmıştır. Liberal 1950-1960 döneminde Marshall Yardımı kapsamında traktör ithalatı sayesinde tarımsal üretim görece artmaya başlamıştır. 1960-1980 planlı kalkınma döneminde tarımsal üretimde beş yıllık planlamalar esas alınarak ithal ikameci sanayileşmeye geçilmiştir. Tarımda kendi kendine yeterlilik büyük ölçüde sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. 1980’de ünlü 24 Ocak Liberal İstikrar Kararları ile serbest piyasa düzenine geçilmiş ve tarım sektöründe ihracata dayalı büyüme politikaları uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Ondan sonra da beş yıllık kalkınma planlamaları yapılmaya, fakat tarım biçimsel olarak planlanmaya devam edilmiştir. Gelinen süreçte tarımın piyasanın insafına bırakılması sonucunda ithalatçılık artmış, tarımsal kamu işletmeleri özelleştirilmiş ve yerli üreticiler dış rekabetten korunamamıştır. Türkiye verimli topraklara ve girişimci çiftçilere sahip olmasına rağmen dışa bağımlı ve zayıf bir tarım ülkesi haline gelmiştir. Bu makro ekonomik sorunu çözmenin yolu etkili bir tarımsal planlama stratejisini uygulamaktır. Bu strateji bağlamında, tarım sektörüne verimli üretimi artıracak teşvikler verilmeli, ithalat eğilimi sınırlandırılmalı, yaşamsal önem taşıyan tarımsal kamu işletmeleri yeniden yapılandırılmalıdır. Böylece yerli üretim ve ucuz tüketim artarken tarımsal ithalata bağlı cari açık da azalabilecektir.
BIST100 Endeks Volatilitesinin COVID-19 ve 2008 Küresel Finansal Kriz Dönemleri Karşılaştırmalı Analizi
Authors: TURNACIGİL Seda
Published: June 2021

COVID-19’un yarattığı sağlık krizi, son dönemlerde dünyanın önemli bir kısmını aynı sorun paydasında birleştirmiştir. Ekonomi ve finans perspektifinden bakıldığında, hala yaşanmakta olan krizin reel kesime ve sermaye piyasalarına olan etkisi pek çok çalışma ile ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 krizinin BIST100 endeks getiri volatilitesine etkisinin araştırılması ve son yaşanan 2008 küresel finansal kriz ile karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bunun için BIST100 endeks getirilerinin volatilitesi 2006-2020 dönemleri arasında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada BIST100 endeks getiri volatilitesi ARCH, GARCH, ARCH-M, GARCH-M, TGARCH ve EGARCH yöntemleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Söz konusu analiz yöntemleri, tüm varsayımları ve kısıtlamaları sağlamaktadır. Çalışmada, öncelikle BIST100 endeksinin günlük getirilerinin durağanlığı analiz edilmiş ve serilerin düzeyde durağan olduğu görülmüştür. Durağan olduğu belirlenen serilerde Haziran 2006-Aralık 2010 dönemi küresel finansal kriz ve Ocak 2020-Eylül 2020 dönemi COVID-19 dönemi olarak belirlenmiş ve bu dönemlere kukla (0,1) değişkenler atanarak modeller kurulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları genellenecek olursa, COVID-19 ve 2008 küresel finansal kriz dönemlerinin endeks volatilitesi üzerindeki etkileri kabul edilebilmektedir. Ancak bu etki, COVID-19 döneminden ziyade 2008 küresel finansal kriz döneminde daha belirgin olarak görülmektedir. Bunun yanında BIST100 endeksinde asimetrik etki ve kaldıraç etkisinin olduğu da bulgular arasındadır.
Acesso a documentos de acordos de leniência antitruste para fins de private enforcement no Brasil e na União Europeia
Authors: Fuezi Barbosa Allan , Bacchi Gutinieki João Otávio
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo discute o acesso a documentos derivados de acordos de leniência antitruste, para fins de propositura de ações de reparação de danos, a partir de uma comparação entre o regime jurídico de acesso a documentos brasileiro e da União Europeia. Para tanto, realiza-se o estudo das Ações de Reparação por Danos Concorrenciais no Brasil e do programa de leniência do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica, como também do regime jurídico aplicável aos documentos entregues à autoridade antitruste pelo leniente. Ademais, observa-se as ações de reparações de danos e do regulamento dos acordos de leniência no direito da União Europeia. Conclui-se que a dificuldade na comprovação a existência do cartel implica na maior recorrência de ações follow-on, de modo que a inversão do ônus da prova de danos deve ser aplicada, para além da necessidade de acesso a determinados documentos apresentados por lenientes nas persecuções públicas.
Influence of Bio-Fertilizers and Addition Methods on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sweet Pepper Under Green House
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Samer , jabar Abdulsada Ali , Saeed Deiab Naeem , Khudiar Abbas GhalibKhudiar Abbas , Saleh Ibrahim Raheem
Published: June 2021

The effect of some biofertilizers and addition methods on growth, yield, and quality of sweet pepper were studied under greenhouse conditions. This research was conducted at ALLatifia Research Station(Located 35 km south of Baghdad), Agricultural Research Directorate, Baghdad- Iraq, during season 2016. The factors were methods of adding biofertilizers (A) included added to seeds (A1) and added to transplants (A2) and bio-fertilizers (T) included without adding any biofertilizers as control(T0), Pseudomonas fluorescence (T1), Azospirillim brasilense (T2), Bacillus subtillus (T3) and Azotobactor chroococcum (T4). Results showed a significant increase in plant height for treatment of Azotobacter chroococcum which recorded (79.00 cm) compared with (65.00 cm) in the control treatment. There is no significant influence of biofertilizers treatments in leaf area dcm2. Moreover, the treatment of Azotobacter chroococcum showed a significant increase for plant yield and total yield which recorded (1344.00 gm plant-1 and 1512.00 kg green house-1) respectively in comparison with the control treatment which recorded( 880.00 gm plant-1 and 989.00 kg green house-1) respectively
Representasi Fotografi Pencitraan Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin
Authors: Aviandy Mochamad
Published: June 2021

Pemilihan presiden Amerika Serikat tahun 2016 diikuti oleh Trump dan Clinton. Dalam pemilihan presiden ini, berita mengenai intervensi asing, khususnya Rusia, begitu masif. Salah satu bentuk intervensi asing yang dapat dianalisis adalah dengan membongkar salah satu edisi majalah Time yang terbit satu bulan persis sebelum electoral vote berlangsung yang menampilkan kover Vladimir Putin. Kehadiran kover Putin di sini tentu saja tidak bebas nilai, untuk mengetahui pemaknaan di balik pemilihan Putin sebagai kover maka digunakan analisis semiotika tanda dari Barthes. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis gambar secara empat tahap menggunakan teori tersebut. Kesimpulanyang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa representasi fotografi Putin dalam majalah Time justru sesungguhnya bertolak belakang dengan pernyataannya yang menyampaikan jangan sampai terpengaruh oleh Rusia, tapi justru mengandung keberpihakan kepada Rusia dan Putin.
Kajian Adaptasi Film Kaguya Hime No Monogatari: Refleksi Terhadap Masyarakat Patriarki Jepang Modern
Authors: Adharani Deanita , Pasaribu Rouli Esther
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan penggambaran tokoh utama Kaguya hime versi cerita rakyat dan versi adaptasi film Kaguya Hime no Monogatari (2013) produksi studi Ghibli dan mengaitkannya dengan kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat Jepang pada saat film ini diproduksi. Dari hasil pembacaan dekat terhadap teks primer dengan menggunakan pendekatan feminisme dan teori adaptasi Hutcheon, ditemukan bahwa Kaguya hime versi cerita rakyat digambarkan sebagai tokoh yang asing, berjarak, dan tidak merupakan bagian dari masyarakat tempatnya tinggal. Di sisi lain, Kaguya hime versi film adalah Kaguya hime yang digambarkan sebagai bagian darimasyarakat patriarki yang didiaminya dan kondisinya sebagai seorang perempuan membuatnya mengalami penindasan patriarki, seperti harus mengikuti pendidikan putri bangsawan dan dilecehkan dalam sebuah pesta. Kaguya hime versi film kaya dengan penggambaran perasaan dan pikiran pribadi, sementara pada versi cerita rakyat, penggambaran pikiran dan perasaan pribadi Kaguya hime tidak digambarkan secara detil. Jika dikaitkan dengan kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat Jepang modern pada masa film ini diproduksi, maka film ini dapat dimaknai sebagai refleksi terhadap ideologi patriarki yang mengakar di Jepang dan secara tidak langsung berfungsi sebagai pembentukan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap isu penindasan patriarki agar masyarakat tidak menganggap masyarakat yang ditinggali saat ini adalah masyarakat yang “baik-baik saja.”
Deteksi Dini Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Melalui Analisis Gambar Anak
Authors: Dewi Melina Surya
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan dua sampel anak di Taman Kanak - kanak.Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan analisis data studi kasus, hasil yang didapat dikorelasikan dengan teori dari Lowenfeld dan Piaget.Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan identifikasi, pengelompokan serta pemetaan pola terhadap gambar yang telah dikumpulkan selama waktu penelitian.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari gambar anak KPTD 3 (usia empat tahun sebelas bulan) dapat disimpulkan bahwa fungsi kognisinya sudah berkembang sesuai harapan.Sementara anak KPTD 1 (usia lima tahun sembilan bulan) dari hasil gambarnya dapat disimpulkan yaitu fungsi kognisinya belum berkembang sesuai harapan.
Perkembangan Visual Seni Lukis Pada Truk
Authors: Wila Adi Nicholas
Published: June 2021

Seni lukis pada bak truk sebagai sebuah seni urban mengalami perkembangan yang pesat. Penelitian di tahun 2009, lukisan bak truk dikerjakan oleh seniman lukis bak truk profesional. Pengerjaan nya membutuhkan waktu berhari-hari dengan konsep dan tema yang matang. Beberapa tema mengangkat kehidupan sehari-hari sang supir truk. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi digital printing, lukisan bak truk tidak lagi dikerjakan oleh seniman lukis bak truk. Hadirnya beberapa komunitas-komunitas truk di beberapa daerah di Pulau Jawa, mendorong munculnya gaya baru dalam lukisan pada truk diiringi dengan berbagai modifikasi truk. Visual truk pun beralih lebih banyak ke tipografi. Gambar yang dipakai pun sudah dengan mudah diambil dari internet. Kegiatan tersebut dilihat sebagai proses penciptaan seni, juga tak luput dari proses komunikasi visual yang di dalamnya banyak mengandung pesan, media, penyampaian pesan dan pemirsa.
Seni dalam Lipatan Pandemi
Authors: Dewi Saraswati
Published: June 2021

Manusia tidak siap saat wabah datang menyuruk memasuki kehidupan. Ia menyergap lalu menguasai rumah, jalanan, perkantoran, pusat perbelanjaan, sekolah, kampus. Mencengkram seluruh tatanan yang ada, mengosongkan keramaian, melambankan gerak tubuh. Segala yang kita anggap sebagai kebiasaan yang terberi, seluruh sistem politik, ekonomi, hingga sosial, layuh tak berdaya, tunduk pada pembatasan. Tidak terkecuali untuk Dies Natalis IKJ tahun 2020 ini, pidato seni ini saya sampaikan di podium yang menghadap ke kursi-kursi kosong. Hari jadi yang semestinya menjadi perayaan jubilasi, suatu titik penting dalam hidup, saat ini menyisakan kita dengan pertanyaan yang menggantung, hingga kapan pandemi ini berlangsung? Dalam bayang-bayang pandemi ini, detik demi detik dilalui dengan rasa gundah, takut dan tidak menentu. Menatap pemberitaan di media dengan mata yang sayu, kurva tidak kunjung landai, kita belum bisa melepas kewaspadaan.
Hubungan Susastra Pada Gambar Studi Kasus Komik Setangkai Daun Sorga Karya Taguan Hardjo
Authors: Alibasyah Hafid
Published: June 2021

Komik Medan tak berbeda dengan banyak komik lain yang diminati oleh banyak orang. Komik Medan mempunyai perjalanannya sendiri, berupa spirit yang datang dari kehendak perlawanan terhadap hegemoni era penjajahan, meninggalkan pengaruh imperialisme dalam banyak lini kehidupan. Latar belakang ini menjadi inspirasi bagi sebuah perlawanan dengan menghidupkan kembali riwayat dongeng, hikayat, cerita kerakyatan sebagai tema-tema yang telah lama dikenali turun-temurun Dan hal ini memberikan spirit kelahiran sebuah identitas yang menjadikan komik Medan mempunyai kekhususan. Tema-tema semacam inilah yang kemudian mencari bentuk ungkap serta tampilannya. Antara susastera dengan ungkapan visual, telah menjadikan komik Medan menemukan semacam pakem dari suasana kelokalan, figur serta latar belakang visualnya. Kostum figur- figur pelakunya diupayakan menjelaskan apa dan bagaimana sikap hidup dalam budaya setempat. Komik Medan dengan semangat kelokalannya, melibatkan potensi kearifan ajaran benar, serta bermoral baik melalui susastera.

Penelitian Bersifat non benda (intangible) sebuah cara pandang terhadap Sastra Visual, pemaknaan suatu karya komunikasi sebagai sesuatu yang terlihat, terbaca dan terasa mengungkap hubungan susastra dengan visual/gambar-gambar yang terdapat dalam komik Medan, dan berupaya pengembangan model-cara melihat dengan mengejar tahu ragam ungkap tertentu dari sesuatu hal yang mempengaruhi dari seorang seniman komikus yaitu Taguan Harjo. Pemilihan Taguan Harjo sebagai sampling mengingat prestasi jumlah produk komiknya serta anggapan kedekatan aspek gambar dengan susastera pada karyanya. Salah satu karya komik Taguan yang berjudul “Setangkai Daun Sorga”, adalah merupakan intepretasi dari sastra Perancis, memperlihatkan pengungkapan kata menjadi visualisasi telah membentuk identitas yang berbeda. Sebagai contoh, muatan kata sebagai pengikat cerita dituliskan bergabung dengan halaman gambar tanpa bingkai kata-kata atau bidang balon, seperti lazimnya banyak tampilan komik yang lain.

Penelitian ini mengetengahkan telusuran sebuah komik ciptaan dengan mengupas posisi naskah susastera dalam bandingan sastra terjemahan ke dalam gejala bahasa lokalnya kepada bentukan komik-intergrasi kata dan pengadeganan dalam gambar. Komik kemudian dapat dilihat bukan saja sebagai permainan gambar dan runtutan peristiwa, bahkan sebagai kebudayaan, komik dinikmati sebagai ruang baru dalam berekspresi dalam atmosfir susastera.
Corak Platonik dalam novel Camar Jonathan Livingston
Authors: Sumarno Marselli
Published: June 2021

Plato adalah filsuf termasyur dari zaman keemasan Yunani kuno. Ia merupakan murid dari Socrates dan mewarisi kehebatan gurunya itu di dalam proses berdialog. Sumbangsih Plato yang terpenting adalah pemikirannya mengenai ide. Tentu saja, bukan berarti pemikirannya yang lain tidak penting. Namun, gagasan ide tersebut selalu kait-mengait dengan gagasan-gagasan Plato lainnya. Gagasan tentang ide inilah yang ingin dicoba dan dihubungkan dengan sebuah novel fabel atau yang bercerita tentang dunia hewan dengan judul Camar Jonathan Livingston.
Kajian Estetika Lagu “Rayuan Pulau Kelapa” Karya Ismail Marzuki
Authors: Purba Ezra
Published: June 2021

“Rayuan Pulau Kelapa” karya Ismail Marzuki, di dalam proses dan hasil perjalanan kreatif beliau sebagai pemusik-pejuang (bangsa) Indonesia. Ismail Marzuki adalah seorang seniman Indonesia berasal dari betawi  yang sudah menciptakan karya-karya dan proses kreatifnya untuk kepentingan bangsa Indonesia. Dalam pengertian estetika yang berarti persepsi, pengalaman, perasaan, ataupun pemandangan yang ada di dalam karya tersebut. Sehingga dalam tulisan ini rumusan masalahnya ialah bagaimana latar belakang kehidupan Ismail Marzuki dan bagaimana hasil kajian estetika didalam karya Ismail Marzuki tersebut. Metode yang digunakan ialah kualitatif yang bertujuan mengungkapkan singkat cerita kehidupan Ismail Marzuki dan terlebih fokus pada makna-makna yang terkandung dalam karyanya, yang akan dikaji lebih dalam, utamanya untuk menemukan bentuk dan makna. Data ditemukan dengan studi pustaka, dokumentasi audio, wawancara. Hasil kajian data ini dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif yang menjelaskan latar belakang historisnya dan karaktersitik karya lagu tersebut. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan yakni dengan pendekatan estetika untuk mengkaji bentuk dan makna. Di dalam pengalaman estetis ini juga terdapat unsur-unsur tanda dan struktur musik yang mendukung sehingga mendapatkan efek-efek bagi pendengar juga mendapatkan makna-makna yang mendalam dari karya tersebut. Hal ini, seperti semangat nasionalisme dalam lagu, bukan hanya dari kuantitas syair dengan kata-kata eksplisit, akan tetapi juga dari unsur-unsur musik itu sendiri. Lagu Rayuan Pulau Kelapa ini mengandung unsur nilai estetis sebagai nilai-nilai keindahan yang terkandung dalam sebuah lagu tidak dapat dilihat tapi didengar, dijiwai, dan dihayati sehingga dalam lagu tersebut dapat dinilai indah dan makna yang sebenarnya.
Mobilitas Sosial Dalam Film Москва Слезам Не Верит (Moskow Tidak Mengenal Sedih)
Authors: Fitria Ajeng , widyastuti Thera
Published: June 2021

Film pada umumnya mempersembahkan visual dan cerita yang mewakili penggambaran dunia nyata. Penelitian ini membahas mobilitas sosial kaum perempuan Soviet yang terpotret dalam film Москва Слезам Не Верит (Moskow Tidak Mengenal Sedih) karya Vladimir Menshov. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana kaum perempuan Soviet mengalami mobilitas sosial dan apa saja faktor di dibaliknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua teori: mobilitas sosial dan feminisme Marxist dan sosialis dan sebuah diskursus tentang fotografi. Untuk metode penelitiannya Penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek sosial, politik dan budaya yang muncul di tengah masyarakat Soviet berdampak dan mendorong pergeseran posisi sosial kaum perempuan Soviet.
SMA linked to unbalanced genomic changes: case report
Authors:   Institute of Mother and Child, Republic of Moldova, Coliban Iulia , Blăniţă Daniela ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Republic of Moldova, Opalco Igor ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Republic of Moldova, Gladun Sergiu ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Republic of Moldova, Sakara Viktoria K. ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Republic of Moldova, Usurelu Natalia ,   Institute of Mother and Child, Republic of Moldova
Published: June 2021

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Analisis Potensi Wisata Berbasis Budaya dengan Pendekatan Community Based Tourism (CBT) di Desa Budaya Lung Anai, Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Eman Sukmana  , Himawan Brahmantyo  , Tauhid Hira
Published: June 2021

In 2005 Lung Anai Village was inaugurated by the Government of Kutai Kartanegara Regency as a cultural village based on the survey results and the cultural uniqueness of the Dayak Kenyah Tribe. Thus,on July 25, 2007 Lung Anai was established as a definitive village that stood alone by the Decree of the Kukar Regent No. 180,188 / HK-794/2007. The stipulation is expected to be able to boost economic development for the welfare of the community and increase the Kukar Regional Original Income (PAD) as well as to preserve the culture of Dayak Kenyah Lepoq Jalan tribes in Lung Anai Village. But in reality the goal has not been realized properly, until this year Lung Anai has not become a leading destination in Kukar. If observed in the literature, there is still a considerable gap with other cultural / tourist villages that have developed even independent in East Kalimantan. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the tourism potentials of Lung Abai village based on culture by conducting a community-based tourism (CBT) approach or community-based tourism. In addition, this research is also expected to be able to provide theoretical and technical recommendations for the Regional Government of Kutai Kartanegara District and stakeholders who have a common interest in developing the Lung Anai Cultural Village.
Pendidikan dalam Paket Wisata Kampung Kreatif Kota Blitar (Studi Fenomenologi Terhadap Kampung Kreatif di Kota Blitar)
Authors: Maria Ulfa Yudha Julistiyana
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mendeskripsikan peran pendidikan pada penentuan paket wisata kampung kreatif yang mulai aktif berkembang di Kota Blitar. Peran pendidikan tidak luput dari kebutuhan wisatawan saat melakukan kegiatan pariwisata. Adanya dukungan dinas pariwisata untuk memberdayakan kampung kreatif di Kota Blitar tak lain karena program “MAYA JUWITA” (Masyarakat Berdaya Menuju Kota Pariwisata) antar Kota Blitar. Penelitian kualitatif dalam penelitian ini memberikan peran alaminya yaitu untuk mencari pemahaman, dan interpretasi berupa tafsiran fenomena yang dilihat peneliti melalui dinas kebudayaan dan pariwisata Kota Blitar pada kampung kreatif terkait tentang paket wisata edukasi. Implementasi kualitatif pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dimana peneliti menganalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif tentang fenomena yang terjadi pada Kampung kreatif di Kota Blitar. Hasil tersebut menunjukan penelitian peran pendidikan dalam penentuan paket wisata menjadikan kampung kreatif menemukan dampak positif yang cukup baik. Faktanya 80 % hasil survey beberapa kampung kreatif ada 8 dari 10 kampung kreatif di Kota Blitar menyertakan paket edukasi yang menjadi andalan untuk memberikan peluang peningkatan ekonomi warga sekitar kampung
Potensi Pengembangan Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat Di Desa Banyuanyar, Boyolali
Authors: Hafni Khairunnisa  , Trias Shofi Nur’aini
Published: June 2021

This study aims to find out how potentially Banyuanyar Village to developed into tourism village. Tourism village is form of implementation community based tourism. A purpose from community based tourism is to encouraged local community so they can be more prosperous. A village can be developed as well to be tourism village if fullfill several criteria tourism development. They are “potential product or potential attraction in destination”, “local community”, “potential of local human resources”, “availability of facilities and infrastructure”, and “ability to create a tourism market”. Based from thos criteria, Banyuanyar village has enough potential to be developed as a tourism village. A strong aspect are found on the tourist attraction. Currently Banyuanyar Village has been visited by tourists but is still limited to the coffee segment. The weakness that still needs to be improved is the ability to create markets. Banyuanyar village is currently still having difficulties in making tour packages, and to determine the right market segment and the right marketing strategy.
Strategi Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Pantai Songka Di Kota Palopo
Authors: Muhammad Bibin  , Ani Ardian
Published: June 2021

Palopo City has coastal tourism potential that can be utilized. One of the coastal areas in Palopo City that has the potential to be a coastal tourist attraction is Songka Beach. But the problem in the Songka Beach Tourism Area is the lack of visitor interest on a typical day. This is due to the Songka Beach tourism area has not been developed optimally either by the community around the tourist attraction or the local government as well as the lack of tourism promotion. The facilities and infrastructure that can support the development of Songka Beach attractions are somewhat lacking. The purpose of this research is to design a strategy for developing Songka Beach tourism object so that it can benefit more optimally. The analysis used to determine the right strategy in developing Songka Beach is to use a process hierarchy analysis (AHP). Based on the results of research on ecological aspects which are the first priority in the development of Songka Beach tourism and strategies that are prioritized in the development of the Songka Beach Tourism Area are making the suitability map of Songka Beach tourism and calculating the carrying capacity of the tourist area with the aim that there are restrictions on the number of visitors who want to visit the area Songka Beach tourism so that the preservation of natural resources is maintained and not damaged.
Gerai Kopi di Jakarta dalam Adaptasi Kehidupan Baru
Authors: Pandu Adi Cakranegara
Published: June 2021

Covid 19 pandemic in Jakarta forced individuals living in Jakarta to live New Normal. Restaurants, food stalls and various eating places were hit hard by this situation. This study tries to look at the impact of Covid 19 and what cafe owners are doing to be able to adapt in the New Life Adaptation Era. The method used was observation and interviews with 50 coffee cafes in various regions in Jakarta. From the results of interviews and observations there are several things that can be concluded. Coffee shops need to take new and unusual steps before the pandemic in order to survive. The steps found in this research are to build personal relationships with customers, cost savings, and focus on online marketing.
Peran Pemerintah dalam Pengembangan Teluk Berdiri sebagai Objek Ekowisata di Kabupaten Kuburaya Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Heriyanto  , Debbie Yuari Siallagan  , Sulaiman
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the role of government in the development of the Teluk Berdiri ecotourism as well as to determine the efforts that can be made to develop the ecotourism. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method with the aim to make a description, a systematic, factual and accurate description of the facts investigated. The instrument used was a survey sheet and interview guidelines. The data analysis technique uses triaggulation technique, which is a technique for checking the validity of data that utilizes something different outside the data for the need to check the comparison of the same data from other sources. The results showed that the interest of tourists is still a local tourist, this is due to a number of factors such as inadequate facilities and infrastructure, such as lack of accessibility, lack of promotion, and others. The role of the government is currently trying to provide support, one of which is improving road access to the tour. Furthermore, efforts that can be made by the government are establishing cooperation with the local community for the construction of facilities and infrastructure, improving accessibility and promoting local wisdom and traditions to attract visitors. The development of environment-based tourism or ecotourism can be a guide in making use of the tourism sector and can be used as an attraction of an area to increase regional income (PAD).
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Wisata Umrah terhadap Minat Kunjungan Wisatawan Lansia di Annisa Travel Jakarta
Authors: Yulianandaris  , Made Adhi Gunadi  , Meizar Rusli
Published: June 2021

The interest and trend of Umrah pilgrimage combined with tourism activities continues to increase, making competition among the travel agent industry more competitive. In the Umrah tourism provider, this means very important to pay attention to the needs, wants and fulfill customer expectations by providing better product quality. This study aims to see the effect of the quality of tourism products on the main market segment in Umrah tourism which is the elderly tourists to their intention to visit and do Umrah. The research is used quantitative research methods. Data were collected from 51 respondents using questionnaire and analysis using simple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there were dimensions of the tourism product qualities that had an effect and had no effect on intention to visit. The dimensions of public facilities, human resources and accessibility are significantly influence intention to visit, whilst those classified as non-influential dimensions are the dimensions of attraction, cleanliness, information and services.
Interaksi Wisata Syariah dan Pembangunan Ekonomi di Kota Pusarnya Pulau Jawa dalam Bentuk Ekonomi Komersial Ganda
Authors: Endro Tri Susdarwono
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship or interaction between Islamic tourism and economic development in Pemalang Regency in the form of a double commercial economy. This research is a qualitative research, the type of research uses a comprehensive analytical study and analytical, normative approach. Sharia tourism must be understood as a religious and cultural concept, in which Islamic objectives, Islamic teachings, as well as Islamic principles and practices must be included and made into the programs offered in these Sharia tourism activities. This means that Sharia tourism is not only for moving the activities of tourists to our area, but also for offering them our religious and cultural values. I summarizes this conceptualization of Sharia tourism interactions in three main points: economy, culture and religion. Tourism is of course aimed as a business world that is halal and brings financial benefits to Muslims. Tourism can also be used as a medium to promote and introduce Islamic cultures. Finally, the interest of Islamic tourism is to spread Islamic values and teachings.
知識翻新研究趨勢之文獻計量分析
Authors:   中華民國陸軍專科學校通識教育中心助理教授, 陳景花 陳景花
Published: June 2021

知識翻新是學習領域的重要議題，本研究聚焦於知識翻新的文獻發展趨勢、知識結構及知識交流等情形，採文獻計量分析方法，使用Web of Science資料庫，共搜尋685篇論文資料，並以VOSviewer書目軟體作為分析工具，將文獻資料可視化。結果發現，知識翻新研究在美國、加拿大及澳洲具有很強的影響力；加拿大的多倫多大學、臺灣的國立政治大學及香港大學則是重要的研究機構。高共被引文獻涵蓋知識翻新基礎理論與實踐兩大類型。Journal of Learning Sciences為知識翻新指標性期刊。高共被引作者分別為M. Scardamalia、C. Bereiter及J. Zhang。知識翻新研究熱點，主要包含「知識翻新」與「教育」兩個部分。知識翻新研究前沿，包括電腦支援的協作學習、創新、知識論壇、合作學習等主題。基於研究結果，本研究對知識翻新在教育上的涵義提供具體建議。
國小學生集體共構達悟族大船文化知識之知識翻新活動
Authors:   立臺中科技大學應用日語系科日本市場暨商務策略碩士班助理教授, 洪國財 洪國財 , 許菱雅 許菱雅 , 洪煌堯 洪煌堯
Published: June 2021

有鑑於108學年度施行的十二年國教強調自主行動、溝通互動，以及社會參與，要 求具備理解本土事務以及關心本土文化的教育理念，本研究擬探討融入知識翻新活動於 國小大船文化課程，對原住民學生的學習歷程與成就之影響。研究問題聚焦在了解學生 如何集體建構文化知識的學習歷程與成果。本研究採個案研究，研究對象為蘭嶼鄉朗島 國小七位達悟族六年級學生，教學設計包含想法中心的知識翻新活動及線上學習平台的 輔助。本研究採用質性研究的描述方式，分析平台上學生集體建構的文化知識與課程中 學生個別手繪大船文化心智圖的資料是否具有一致性。研究發現，知識翻新活動能有效 形成社群的學習共同體、幫助學生集體共構社群知識，以及提升個人大船文化知識與理 解。本研究並對教學創新和文化知識學習提出建言。
透過社群協作之知識翻新活動以促進在職教師碩士論文研究
Authors:   國立清華大學教育與學習科技學系教授, 陳美如 陳美如 , 曾子沁 曾子沁 , 曾莉婷 曾莉婷
Published: June 2021

近年來，隨著資訊科技及網路普及，世界正以極快的速度變化，這也使得教師在職進修碩士學位的需求提升。為協助教師解決論文研究難題，本研究採個案研究，以32位在職教師為研究對象，採「社群協作」之知識翻新活動應用於研究的問題解決，期望透過社群的力量相互學習，促進想法發展，形成更完善的解決方法。研究方法採質量混合，針對研究困難類型，以及在職教師運用的知識類型進行分析與歸納，呈現教師透過社群協作進行知識翻新及問題解決的過程。研究結果發現，「文獻蒐集、選擇、統整及撰寫」、「論文下筆與格式」以及「選擇研究方法與工具」是多數教師在研究過程中最常面臨的困難。教師在經過知識論壇提出研究困難、機遇性的回饋、閱讀社群成員的分享與再回饋的互動歷程後，將彼此提出的知識與想法進行統整反思，促進想法翻新，既能解決自身的問題，同時也能幫助其他社群成員，最終可使個人與社群知識提升。
校長素養導向領導的發展方向
Authors: Chuan-Chung Hsieh 謝傳崇
Published: June 2021

《十二年國民基本教育課程綱要》已於108學年正式開始實施，素養導向教育是此波教育改革的核心焦點。校長若能採取素養導向領導，將有助於發展素養導向課程與教學，進而落實學生的核心素養學習。因此，本文先探討素養導向領導的重要性；其次，分析素養導向領導的意義；再則，探究校長素養導向領導的關鍵；最後，本研究發展出校長素養導向領導的策略，包括掌握自發互動共好理念、共塑素養願景與目標、營造素養教學環境、提升教師素養專業、統領素養課程發展、確保素養教學品質。
Analisis Kadar Kafein Dari Serbuk Teh Hitam, Teh Hijau dan Teh Putih (Camellia sinensis L.)
Authors: Wardani Ratih Kusuma , Ferry Fernanda M. A. Hanny
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKTeh diklasifikasikan menjadi 3 jenis yaitu teh hitam, teh hijau dan teh putih. Teh mengandung senyawa kafein yang dapat bermanfaat dan merugikan bagi tubuh. Senyawa kafein dalam teh dapat dipisahkan dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan kloroform dan penambahan CaCO3. Penentuan kadar kafein menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV diukur pada panjang gelombang 275 nm. Kadar kafein dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan waktu penyeduhan. Semakin tinggi suhu dan lama waktu penyeduhan, kadar kafein dalam teh semakin meningkat. Kadar kafein dari berbagai jenis teh dari kadar yang tinggi ke rendah berturut-turut yaitu serbuk teh hitam, teh putih dan teh hijau dengan suhu penyeduhan 95ᵒC selama 10 menit.Kata Kunci: Teh hitam, teh hijau, teh putih, kafein, spektrofotometri UVABSTRACTTea is classified into three type, which are black tea, green tea and white tea. Tea contains caffeine compound that can be beneficial and harmful for the body. Caffeine compound in tea can be separated by liquid extraction method using chloroform and addition of CaCO3. The determination of the caffeine content measured by UV spectrophotometry at 275 nm. Caffeine level is influenced by temperature and brewing time. The highertemperature and the longer brewing time, the level of caffeine in tea increase. The caffeine content of various types of tea from high to low level respectively are black tea powder, white tea and green tea with temperature of 95ᵒC and 10 minutes brewing time.Keywords: Black tea, green tea, white tea, caffeine, UV spectrophotometry
Comparative Assessment of Drug Drug Interactions Among Public and Private Sector Hospitals
Authors: Butt Hammad Ahmed , Anwar M Zeeshan , Shahzad Akram , Khan Ammara , Aslam Hina , Ashraf Anum , Laique Talha
Published: June 2021

Background: Drug drug interactions (DDIs), being one of the most preventable drug related hazards having serious life threatening adverse consequences or at least results in therapeutic failure . Aim : T o confirm the drug drug interactions among medical patients at private and public sector hospitals of Jhelum and Kharian . Study d esign: Comparative study. Methodology: The collected data was analyzed for drug interactions. P atients who were being prescribed less than two drugs along with topical drugs (ointments, creams, ear drops and eye drops) were excluded. Information on prescriptions was retrieved from the hospital prescription. SPSS for windows version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Results were presented as frequency and percen tage. Results: The results showed that the public sector showed 1640 drug interactions, that is 75%; on the other hand, the private sector showed 260 drug interactions, that is 41%. Conclusions: We concluded that frequency of drug interactions were more in public sector hospitals. Hence, a possible reason for such a result could be the greater patient load on public sector hospitals and less number of appointed doctors in such facilities. Keywords: Adverse Drug I nte raction, Drug Related Problems and Drug Drug Interaction.
The Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Metamemory among Medical Students
Authors: Anjum AF , Jawwad G , Naiyar I , Masud R , Khokhar A , Ayaz H , Atique Y , Riaz M , Attique MAH , Hashmi MRI , H SN , L T
Published: June 2021

Background: The lockdown due to Covid-19 has impacted certain aspects of cognition among medical students. Aim: To explore the impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on metamemory among medical students studying in a private medical college in Pakistan. Study design: Experimental study. Methodology: This study with enrolled students (n=233) was carried out after ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval at CMH Kharian Medical College (CKMC), Physiology Department, Kharian-Pakistan. Both male and female medical students were enrolled. In phase 1, the students reported to the Physiology laboratory where age and gender were recorded. Metamemory was measured using the Multi-factorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ)-Satisfaction scale using the Baycrest Centre protocols for its administration and scoring. Data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 21. MMQ-Satisfaction score was presented as mean±SD. Statistical significance was taken at p value <0.05. Results: Among males mean±SD for Pre Covid-19 MMQ was 43.24±9.58 while mean±SD for Post Covid-19 MMQ males was 55.32±6.01. Significant difference was seen between Pre & Post Covid-19 MMQ scores with p-value of <0.000. Conclusion: We concluded that significant difference was seen between Pre & Post Covid-19 MMQ scores with p-value of <0.000. However, means among all age groups were significantly equal with the others in Pre & Post COVID-19 MMQ. Similarly, means were significantly equal among both genders for Pre & Post COVID-19 MMQ. Keywords: Covid-19 lockdown, Medical students, Metamemory, Age and Gender.
Generalized Anxiety Disorders Among Cases With Diabetes Mellitis
Authors: Islam Saif Ul , Haider Syed Arsalan , Iqbal Athar , Akhtar Muhammad Naeem , Javed Munazza , Hussain Nadir
Published: June 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the highly prevalent chronic diseases that can impact the life greatly, not only by its own disease process, but also due to wide range of other social and psychological effects on one’s life. Generalized anxiety disorder is one of these complications, but is highly under rated. Aim: To determine the frequency of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among cases with Diabetes Mellitus presenting to out-patient Diabetes clinic of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Place and duration of study: This study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from 10-06-18 to 10-06-19. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. The cases with both gender and age range of 30 to 60 years with known history of DM for at least one year were included. Anxiety was labelled on the basis of GAD scale and score of 5 or more was labelled as yes. Results: In this study there were total 192 cases of DM and out of them 98 (51.04%) were males. The mean age of the subjects was 51.20±8.16 years and mean HbA1c level was 8.78±2.34. There were 127 (66.15%) cases with type II DM, and only 28(14.58%) had controlled DM. Generalized anxiety disorder was seen in 72 (37.50%) of cases. GAD was significantly high in females affecting 44 out of 94 cases with p= 0.03. The cases with duration of DM of 5 or more years had GAD significantly high (64 out of 120) cases with p= 0.01. The cases who were un-employed had significantly higher number of cases suffering from GAD; affecting 58 out of 106 with p= 0.01. Conclusion: GAD is common and seen in almost more than every 3rd case suffering from DM and those with DM for 5 years or more, un-employed or those who were widow or divorced had it significantly high. Keywords: DM, GAD, HbA1c
Early Complications of Arteriovenous Fistula in patients on maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Asif M , Siddique F , Awais Anum , Siddique Usman , Pirzada AUHassan , Saeed Rabia , Alam H , Ahmed A Nazir
Published: June 2021

Background: Repeated access to circulation is essential to conduct the adequate maintenance hemodialysis. The efficiency of arteriovenous fistula, being permanent source of access to vascular system in hemodialysis, is severely hampered by its complications Aim: To determine the frequency of most common early complications of arteriovenous fistula in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted over a period of five years. Total 450 patients of hemodialysis were included. Informed consent was taken and demographics were noted. Early postoperative complications of AV fistula were recorded. Results: Average age of the patients was 39.61±8.17 years. There were 255 (56.7%) males and 195 (43.3%) females. Radiocephalic fistula was constructed in 198 (44%) cases while brachiocephalic fistula in 252 (56%) cases. Among early complications, 19 (4.2%) cases had wound infection, 27 (6%) had thrombosed AV accesses and 12 (2.6%) had bleeding. Conclusion: Early complications of AVF may compromise its efficacy as source of vascular access for maintenance hemodialysis. Timey detection and management improves patient morbidity. Keywords: Maintenance Hemodialysis, Arteriovenous fistula, Infection, Thrombosis, Bleeding.
Comparison of Tramadol Versus Tramadol and Paracetamol in Postop Pain Management after C-Section
Authors: Salamat Usman , Ali Khan M.Baqir , Ali Liaqat , Nazeer Tahir , Tahir Amna , Zahid Maimoona , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Background: Multimodal technique of pain control is better than unimodal technique in perioperative time. Both tramadol and paracetamol are commonly used for pain control. Aim: To compare the tramadol alone versus tramadol with paracetamol in pain management after C- section. Method: 150 patients with ASA class P1&P2 undergoing elective cesarean section under general anesthesia were included in this study and were divided into group A & B by random number table. In both group tramadol 1mg/kg body weight intravenous was given after delivery of baby and in group B intravenous paracetamol 15 mg/kg body weight was given additionally and same doses were given in postop after 8 hours for 24 hs of post-surgery. Result: Mean age in group A was 31.04±5.35 years and in group B it was 29.64±5.92. Mean pain score in group A was 1.19±0.81 and in group B it was 0.60±0.75. The degree of pain was low in group B and patients were more comfortable as compared to group A patients. Conclusion: Tramadol plus paracetamol has better pain control as compared to tramadol alone. Keywords: Tramadol, Paracetamol, Cesarean Section, VAS.
Frequency of Gall‐Bladder Wall Thickness in Patients Suffering from Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Hamza Amir , Ahmed Maqbool , Ahmed Aftab , . Samina , Bakhsh Allah
Published: June 2021

Aim: To evaluate the frequency of gall bladder wall thickness in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Internal Medicine, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta from 01-01-2020 to 31-012-2020. Methodology: Sixty eight diagnosed patients of liver cirrhosis, age ranging between 20 to 60 years, were randomly selected from indoor patient department and they were further evaluated for gall bladder wall thickness.The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and portal venous hypertension was made by ultrasonography of abdomen, especially hepatobiliary system. The gall bladder wall thickness is also evaluated by ultrasonography. Results: Mean age of the patients was 41.22±8.93 years. There were 35(51.5%) males while female patients were 33(48.5%). The mean duration of symptoms was 6.32±0.57 weeks. The duration of symptoms was ≤6 weeks in 45(66.2%) of patients, while 23(33.8%) of patients were having duration of symptoms >6 weeks. Twenty 20(29.4%) cases of liver cirrhosis patients were presented with gall bladder wall thickness, while rest 48(70.6%) were presented with normal gall bladder wall thickness on USG. Conclusion: The gall‐bladder wall thickness is very common finding associated with liver cirrhosis. It requires no surgical intervention or any other specific medical therapy. Keywords: Gall‐bladder wall thickness; liver cirrhosis; portal venous hypertension; hypoalbuminemia.
Mean Change in Intra-Ocular Pressure in patients undergoing Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C
Authors: Rehman Munib Ur , Dayal Shahid Mahmood , Abidin Ali Zain Ul
Published: June 2021

Aim: To examine the outcomes of trabeculectomy followed by mitomycin C in term of mean change in intra-ocular pressure in patients presented with primary congenital glaucoma. Study design: Cross-sectional/observational Place and duration of study: Department of Ophthalmology, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital, Sialkot from 7th July 2020 to 6thJanuary 2021. Methods: Fortypatients of both genders with ages up to 5 years presented with primary congenital glaucoma were enrolled in this study. Patients demographics were recorded after taking written consent from parents/guardians. All the patients were receivedtrabeculectomy with 0.4mg/ml Mitomycin C was applied below the flap for 2 to 3 minutes. Intraocular pressure was examined preoperatively and at 12th day after surgery. Results:Twenty-four (60%) were males while 16 (40%) were females. 30 (75%) patients were ages <2yearsand 10 (25%) patients had ages >2 years. A significant difference was observed regarding mean change in intra-ocular pressure (pre-operatively 30.48±3.62 versus post-operatively 16.35±2.86) with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C is very effective for reducing intraocular pressure. A significant decrease in intra-ocular pressure was observed post-operatively. Keywords: Primary congenital glaucoma, Intra-ocular pressure, Trabeculectomy, Mitomycin C
Frequency of Vocal Cord Paralysis in Thyroidectomy
Authors: Javaid Waqas , Muhammad Sarwar Mirza , Usman Khalid Amin Muhammad , Khizer Wajiha , Fatima Maryam
Published: June 2021

Back ground: Recurrent laryngeal nerves being adjacent to the thyroid glands are prone to surgical trauma by thyroid surgery done for thyroid disease leading to vocal cord paralysis. Aim: To determine frequency of vocal cord paralysis in thyroidectomy Methodology: This is a descriptive cases series was completed in 6 months [December 4, 2019 till June 4, 2020] at Department ENT, Sir Ganga Ram hospital Lahore. The sample technique used is non-probability consecutive sampling .All 170 patients meeting inclusion criteria were inducted in the study from ENT SGR hospital, Lahore. Results: The mean age of all patients was 39.52±11.30 years with minimum and maximum age as 20 and 60 years. There were 91(53.5%) cases that were 20-40 years old and 79(46.5%) cases were 41-60 years old. There were 62(36.5%) male and 108(63.5%) female cases with higher female to male ratio. In 96(56.5%) cases left side and in 74(43.5%) cases right side was involved. There were 37(21.8%) who had vocal cord paralysis while 133(78.2%) cases did not have vocal cord paralysis. Conclusion: It is concluded that high number of patients i.e. 21.8% had vocal cord paralysis, so in future ENT surgeons should adopt safety measures for prevention of VCP such anatomical considerations of the sensitive area Keywords: ENT, thyroidectomy, complications, vocal cord paralysis