bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Updated Estimates of the Average Financial Return on Master’s Degree Programs in the United States
Authors: Gándara Denisa , Toutkoushian Robert K.
Published: September 2024

abstract:
In this study, we provide updated estimates of the private and social financial return on enrolling in a master’s degree program in the United States. In addition to returns for all fields of study, we show estimated returns to enrolling in master’s degree programs in business and education, specifically. We also conduct a sensitivity analysis to show how our findings are affected by several key assumptions in the model such as the assumed growth rates of earnings, the direct and indirect costs faced by students, and the age at which a person enrolls in a master’s program. Our findings indicate that, on average, students who enroll in master’s degree programs receive positive and substantial financial returns, with variation by age, probability of completion, and financing characteristics.
Adequacy by Any Other Name: A Comparative Look at Educational Spending in the United States and the Republic of Korea
Authors: Alexander Nicola A. , Kim Hyunjun
Published: September 2024

abstract:
Scholars and policymakers want to know how much investment is sufficient to attain high-performing schools. Examining education spending in a highly regarded education system can yield insights for the United States. This paper explores conceptualizations and applications of adequacy in the United States and the Republic of Korea. Our exploratory study rests on the premise that adequacy, and the level of investment it implies, is a localized concept. This discussion highlights the fact that context matters because any query on whether a system has sufficient spending begs the question, “Sufficient for what?” In the Republic of Korea, policymakers consider the question in the context of adequate delivery of its national curriculum. In the United States, that question is answered in the context of adequate student achievement. It is important to acknowledge these different perspectives because Korean and U.S. policymakers thus face different negotiables on the appropriate way to spend public educational dollars.
Centralized (CAM) Versus Decentralized Budgeting (RCM) Approaches in Implementing Public University Strategy
Authors: Fethke Gary C. , Policano Andrew J.
Published: September 2024

abstract: This paper compares and critiques two budgeting models used at public universities: Central Administrative Management (CAM), and Resource Centered Management (RCM). These approaches represent alternative resource allocation methods: under CAM budgets are assigned centrally based primarily on allocation history, while RCM relies on decentralized rules and pricing mechanisms that react to current conditions. A primary question is: Do administrators possess the needed expertise and information to make informed budgetary decisions, or are decisions better executed in a decentralized manner, relying on "market-like" prices as guides? Effective budgetary frameworks display the following features: 1) transparency; 2) ease of implementation; 3) predictability; 4) responsiveness; 5) alignment of incentives; 6) minimal influence costs; 7) economic efficiency; 8) equity; 9) internalizing private benefits and costs; 10) internalizing public benefits and costs, and 11) increasing revenue/reducing costs. Our assessment is that CAM is preferred for its ease of implementation, predictability, perceived fairness, and conceptual if not actual ability to deal with public benefits and costs. RCM has the advantages of transparency, ability to respond to changes in the environment, incentive alignment, reduction of influence costs, economic efficiency, internalizing private benefits, increasing revenue, and reducing costs. Neither model performs effectively unless there is a carefully developed vision and mission that set priorities.
Education Finance Reform and the Great Recession: Did State Policy and Fiscal Federalism Improve Education Spending, School Resources, and Student Achievement in Pennsylvania?
Authors: Steinberg Matthew P. , Quinn Rand , Anglum J. Cameron
Published: September 2024

abstract: We estimate the impact of school finance reform on adequate and equitable district spending, school resources and student achievement in Pennsylvania. From the 2008-09 to the 2010-11 school years, amid the Great Recession, Pennsylvania's Act 61 increased aid to school districts spending below state-determined adequacy targets ("shortfall districts"). We find that the gap in adequate spending between shortfall and no-shortfall districts narrowed by the final year of Act 61 when increases in education aid were provided through both federal stimulus and state funds. Effects on adequate spending were concentrated among districts with the greatest spending shortfalls and who served more economically disadvantaged communities and academically struggling students. However, few improvements in school resources and no effect on academic achievement were found. Our results suggest that federal aid can support adequate district spending during recessionary periods when state education budgets are constrained. However, if aid is modest, adequacy and equity improvements may not improve resources or achievement .
The Flypaper Effect: Methods, Magnitudes, and Mechanisms
Authors: Nguyen-Hoang Phuong , Yinger John
Published: September 2024

abstract: The flypaper effect exists if intergovernmental aid worth $1 to voters has a larger impact on public service demand than $1 of household income. In this paper, we review the methodology required to estimate flypaper effects in the demand for local public education, provide new flypaper effect estimates, and survey behavioral explanations for the flypaper effect. We estimate a flypaper effect of 12 for state aid to education, which implies that $1 of aid leads to $0.15 more education spending and $0.85 in property tax relief. We decompose the standard flypaper effect into one for key measures of student performance and another for other measures of school quality that voters care about. We also find that the flypaper effect is influenced by framing and by the salience of certain property tax provisions.
Prevalence and associated factors of gender-based violence for female: Evidence from school students in Nepal-A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gautam Laxmi , Shah Manisha , Khadka Mishra Durga , Dahal Padam Kanta , Gautam Sujan
Published: September 2024

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a major global public health challenge in the 21st century that poses a serious impact on women’s health and well-being. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with GBV among secondary school female students in the Sarlahi district of Nepal. Using a cross-sectional study, we collected data from 225 secondary-level female students in the Sarlahi district of Nepal. Data was collected by using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. Probability proportionate and simple random sampling techniques were used for sampling. The association was explored by using a chi-square test and binary logistic regression. The two-tailed significance level for all analyses was set at p<0.05. The overall prevalence of GBV among the students during their lifetime was 45.33 of which physical violence was 16.89%, sexual violence was 30.22% and psychological violence was 39.56%. The prevalence of experiencing physical violence from family members was 97.36%, followed by emotional violence (41.57%). Further, the prevalence of sexual violence from non-family members was 91.17%. Type of family had a significant association with lifetime experience of GBV (p = 0.003). Gender based discrimination in the family had a significant association with lifetime (p = 0.001) as well as last 12 months (p = 0.001) GBV experience. Experience of witnessing physical violence as a child within the last 12 months was associated with GBV (p = 0.03). Different forms of GBV such as physical, sexual, and emotional acts of violence among female students were highly prevalent. However, their knowledge and awareness of confronting this issue were limited. This warrants the urgent need to establish preventive and responsive control measures within schools and communities to address GBV effectively.
Mitigating the Impact of UAV Fluctuations on Air-to-Ground Wireless Communications in the Presence of Channel Aging
Authors:   Federal University of Ceará, Paiva Antonio , Freitas Jr. Walter , Silva Yuri , Antonioli Roberto ,   Federal University of Ceará, Fodor Gábor ,   Ericsson Research
Published: September 2024

Recent works have pointed out that uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) platform fluctuations due to jittering, wobbling and shaking degrade the performance of air-to-ground wireless systems. Similarly, recent works have shown that the air-to-ground wireless channel suffers from the effect of channel aging due to the high mobility of UAVs. Delays inherent to the network, high Doppler frequencies and hardware impairments accentuate this effect, as well as fluctuations in the UAV platform. Unfortunately, the literature still lacks appropriate channel models that take into account the influence of UAV fluctuations on the channel aging autocorrelation function, which is an essential requirement for channel prediction-based mitigation solutions. Therefore, in this paper, we develop autocorrelation functions that are appropriate for evaluating and mitigating the impact of UAV fluctuations on the performance of the air-to-ground channels. We demonstrate that the UAV fluctuations affect the time autocorrelation function of the channel, and consequently the coherence time, exacerbating the effects of channel aging. Furthermore, this effect is accentuated with an increasing distance between the antennas and the centroid of the UAV, and with increasing the carrier frequency. We propose a channel predictor based on an extended Kalman filter and develop autocorrelation functions to mitigate the impact of channel aging with UAV fluctuations on the spectral efficiency (SE). Then, we observe that considering statistical models of UAV fluctuations in the channel predictor design can improve SE.
An overview on real division algebras
Authors: Longatto Clemente Gabriel
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we expose initial concepts of real division algebras, providing historical notes on $\R$, $\C$, $\Ham$ and $\Oct$. This is done to emphasize the relevance of topological K-theory through the Bott-Milnor-Kervaire Theorem, which is at the end. For completeness, we also present two classical results about the main division algebras.
survey on Han's conjecture
Authors: Cruz Guilherme da Costa
Published: September 2024

In 1989, D. Happel pointed out for a possible connection between the global dimension of a finite-dimensional algebra and its Hochschild cohomology: is it true that the vanishing of Hochschild cohomology higher groups is sufficient to deduce that the global dimension is finite? After the discovery of a counterexample, Y. Han proposed, in 2006, to reformulate this question to homology. In this survey, after introducing the concepts and results involved, I present the efforts made until now towards the comprehension of Han's conjecture; which includes: examples of algebras that have been proven to satisfy it and extensions to preserve it.
Hypersomnia secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection
Authors: Quelle Natalia Bravo
Published: September 2024

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), with or without an excessive need for sleep, is a primary reason for patients seeking consultation at the sleep unit. EDS is observed in ~5% of the general population. Common causes of EDS include obstructive sleep apnea, sleep deprivation, effects of medication, psychiatric disease (especially depression), and circadian rhythm disorders. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is a rare cause of EDS. We present a case of mild COVID-19 infection as an unusual cause of hypersomnolence.
Persistent Fistula Closure After Endoscopic Ultrasound-Directed Transgastric Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography by Postinfarct Ventricular Septal Defect Occluder
Authors: Aghaie Meybodi Mohamad , Johal Amitpal S. , Abdulsamad Molham
Published: September 2024

A gastrogastric fistula is a delayed complication of the endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Endoscopic closure of these fistulae poses a significant challenge, and surgical intervention may be required in some patients. In this study, we discuss the case of a 69-year-old woman with persistent fistula following the endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure. Despite the failure of conventional advanced endoscopic fistula closure methods, successful closure of the fistula was achieved using a postinfarct ventricular septal defect occluder.
(Re)imagining the social pedagogy within early childhood education and care: a (re)exploration of the power and importance of relationships and connections
Authors: Cliffe Johanna
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this article is to explore early years education and care through a social pedagogy approach and to (re)consider the power and importance of relationships and connections. While the importance of relationships and connections may be tenaciously upheld within much grassroots practice, early childhood practitioners are under continuous pressure to navigate personal and professional pedagogy, with often competing policy dictates. This article will discuss how vital to children’s and young people’s holistic development and well-being social pedagogy and a relationship-centred approach may be. Concepts from Deleuze and Guattari and the notion of Haltung will be drawn on to provide a critical discussion and practicable and practical ways forward for early childhood practitioners and early years education and care on every level.
Enseñar a definir conceptos: Una alternativa para el Desarrollo del Pensamiento
Authors: Gravié Ramón F. Ferreiro
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma técnica validada para definição de conceitos escolares, acadêmicos e de pesquisa aplicada, para estudantes em formação de doutorado em nossa universidade, que, além de adotarem ou avaliarem criticamente as definições de autores especialistas, devem ser capazes de expressar sua posição teórica, na modalidade “definição de conceito”, dos termos-chave da sua tese de graduação e trabalhos parciais. A “técnica RFG das três cores” é inspirada na ideologia de Hegel, Vygotsky, Davydov, Bruner e Wittgenstein, entre outros líderes científicos e constitui um recurso útil para a formação do pensamento crítico e da argumentação científica.
PI3K/Akt Promotes GRP78 Accumulation and Inhibits Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis in HEK293 Cells
Authors: Dai R. Y. , Chen S. K. , Yan D. M. , Chen R. , Liu Y. P. , Duan C. Y. , Li J. , He T. , Li Hong
Published: September 2024

The potential pro-survival role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt during endoplasmic reticulum stress has been well-characterized. However, the detailed mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that PI3K/Akt inhibition promoted endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in a glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)-dependent manner. During endoplasmic reticulum stress, high levels of Akt phosphorylation were sustained for at least 18 h in HEK293 cells. Importantly, PI3K/Akt enhanced GRP78 accumulation through increasing its stability following endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, Akt1, but not Akt2 or Akt3, was involved in GRP78 stability regulation. These results suggest that PI3K/Akt inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in HEK293 cells, at least in part, by promoting GRP78 protein stability.
DNA Analysis of Ancient Skeletal Remains
Authors: Eliášová Irena , Mazura I. , Smejtek L.
Published: September 2024

Non-Governmental Organization Archaia (http://www.archaia.cz) carried out the rescue archaeological research at Kněževes near Prague in 1998. Most of dating objects in Kněževes come from the period of Late and Final Bronze Age. The approximately 3,000 years old set, which included 11 human remains from three settlement features, was collected for the study. First, gender was determined according to anthropological characteristics. Ancient DNA from bones was extracted by the phenol-chloroform procedure and N-phenacetylthiazolum bromide reagent. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of AMEL XY, part of amelogenin gene, with subsequent polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Short Tandem Repeats analysis followed. DNA profiles of skeletal remains were obtained by the fragmentation analysis of autosomal short tandem repeat markers. Genetic profiles showed us whether individuals from Kněževes were in mutual relationship (parent – descendant). The congruence of results in sex determination supported reliability of genetic methods, which are suitable for sex determination of fragmental and subadult skeletal remains.
Leflunomide Derivate FK 778 in Accelerated Renal Injury in Transgenic Rat
Authors: Bloudíčková Silvie , Rajnoch J. , Lodererová A. , Honsová E. , Viklický O.
Published: September 2024

Renal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and hypertension represent major alloantigen-independent risk factors contributing to the development of chronic allograft nephropathy. In a model of accelerated major histocompatibility complex-independent renal injury, we evaluated the effect of leflunomide derivate – FK778 – on the progression of accelerated nephropathy. Thirty-six uninephrectomized hypertensive transgenic (m-REN-2)-27 rats received a clip on renal pedicle for 45 minutes. Animals were treated with FK778 3 mg/kg/day (I/R 3 mg, N = 12), 10 mg/kg/day (I/R 10 mg, N = 12) or placebo (N = 12) via gavage for 16 weeks. Eighteen animals were sham-operated and treated with FK778 3 mg/kg/day (sham 3 mg, N = 6), 10 mg/kg/day (sham 10 mg, N = 6) or were untreated (sham, N = 6). Proteinuria and blood pressure were evaluated throughout and the kidneys were harvested for morphological and immunohistochemical analysis at the end of the experiment. At week 16, rats with I/R injury and FK778 treatment had lower proteinuria compared with placebo-treated rats (I/R 3 mg: 48.42 ± 26.16, I/R 10 mg 27.28 ± 21.86 vs. Placebo: 70.13 ± 50.19 mg/day, P < 0.05). The untreated sham group exhibited lower proteinuria compared with FK778-treated sham groups (Sham 3 mg: 24.23 ± 10.89; Sham 10 mg: 17.37 ± 4.13; Sham: 14.23 ± 1.18) There was no difference in glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis among the treated groups. In the untreated animals the rate of interstitial fibrosis decline reached statistical significance (Placebo vs. Sham: 1.125 ± 0.641 % vs. 0.250 ± 0.500 %, P < 0.05). There was higher CD5+ leukocyte infiltration in the placebotreated group. FK778-treated rats displayed amelioration of some changes induced by the I/R injury. Our observation also suggests potential nephrotoxicity of FK778.
Chronology and distribution of Pleistocene woolly rhinoceros: A review of the archival data from Poland
Authors: Pawłowska Kamilla , Dedła Kajetan , Płonka Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

This work provides a review of the state of knowledge of woolly rhinoceroses in Poland. We compile research results from the 19th century to the present day and consider the collected data not only quantitatively, but above all qualitatively. Here we present a list of 215 sites from Poland where the remains of the woolly rhinoceros have been found. Studies of woolly rhinos from Poland usually employ small samples. Our compilation of data also reveals that there is currently no basis for drawing conclusions regarding the geographical distribution pattern of the species in Poland. Only a small number of works have focused on matching the places where remains occurred with the geological conditions of the area and their depositional history. Moreover, the results show that the resolution of the radiocarbon dates that are currently published is insufficient to allow conclusions about the chronology of woolly rhinoceroses in Poland to be drawn. No works to date have dealt with any aspect of palaeopopulation research. The woolly rhinoceros is not present in Palaeolithic art in Poland. A summary of our knowledge of this taxon is the starting point for our multi-aspect research into this topic.
Structural and mineralogical mapping using multispectral satellite data (Aster, Landsat 8 OLI, and Sentinel 2B) combined with field work in the Western High Atlas, Morocco
Authors: Elbakhouch Nouhaila , Ibouh Hassan , Touil Ahmed , Chafiki Driss
Published: September 2024

The Tighardine area in the Western High Atlas Massif is composed of rocks ranging in age from Neoproterozoic to Cenozoic. The area is intensely deformed with a multidirectional diversity of faults and also hosts a polymetallic ore deposit (Tighardine mine) and prospects of significant economic value, some of which are related to fault structures. In order to identify favourable areas of mineral deposition, structural and mineralogical mapping using satellite images was conducted in this region. For this purpose, various remote sensing approaches were employed on images from Landsat 8 OLI, Sentinel 2 and ASTER sensors. The process started with lineament extraction methods so as to identify faults manually from satellite images. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the optimal indexing factor (OIF) were used to achieve good discrimination of lithological units. Additionally, several band ratios were applied to ASTER, Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel 2, in order to derive multiple maps corresponding to hydrothermal alteration zones. Analysis of the results from the obtained maps and their overlay with field data has allowed us to: (i) identify three main structural orientations. The most frequent and longest is the NE–SW direction, which coincides with the principal mineralised horizon of the Tighardine deposit. Results suggest an extension of this horizon towards the south-west at the Ait Zitoune and towards the west in the Ait Hsayn region. Two new fault set has been identified by remote sensing: NW-SE fracture, generally of Mesozoic-Cenozoic age, and an E-W fractures trend, particularly developed in the Neoproterozoic basement and considered of Ediacaran age; (ii) highlighting two potential mineralisation zones: in the Ediacaran basement, revealing alterations of silica, dolomite, clay minerals, iron oxide and alunite-kaolinite-pyrophyllite, hosting the main mineralisation axis (Tighardine mine); in the northern part corresponding to the overthrust zones of Cambrian onto Cenozoic formations.
Absolute quantitation of human serum cystatin C: candidate reference method by 15N-labeled recombinant protein isotope dilution UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Zhang Qiaoxuan , Zhan Min , Peng Xiongqiang , Jin Xing , Yan Jun , Zhang Pengwei , Zhuang Junhua , Han Liqiao , Huang Xianzhang
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Serum cystatin C (CysC) is a reliable and ideal endogenous marker for accurately assessing early changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), surpassing the limitations of creatinine-based estimated GFR. To improve the precision of GFR calculation, the development of strategies for accurately measuring serum CysC is crucial.

Methods

In this study, the full-length CysC pure product and fully recombinant 15N-labeled CysC internal standard were subjected to protein cleavage. Subsequently, an LC-MS/MS method was developed for the absolute quantification of serum CysC. The traceability of the method was assigned calibrator using the amino acid reference measurement procedure (RMP). It involved calibrating the instrument using an amino acid reference material with known amino acid concentrations for calibration and comparison purposes.

Results

The total imprecision of the method was determined to be ≤8.2 %, and a lower functional limit of quantification (LLoQ) was achieved. The recoveries ranged from 97.36 to 103.26 %. The relative bias between this candidate RMP for measurement of ERM-DA471-IFCC and the target value was 1.74 %. The linearity response was observed within the concentration range of 0.21–10.13 mg/L, with a high R2 value of 0.999. The results obtained using our method was consistent with those obtained using other certified RMPs.

Conclusions

With the establishment of this highly selective and accurate serum CysC measurement method, it is now possible to assess the correlation between immunoassay results of serum CysC and the intended target when discrepancies are suspected in the clinical setting.
Some Hardy's inequalities on conformable fractional calculus
Authors: AlNemer Ghada , Saker Samir H. , Ashry Gehad M. , Zakarya Mohammed , Rezk Haytham M. , Kenawy Mohammed R.
Published: September 2024

In this article, we will demonstrate some Hardy’s inequalities by utilizing Hölder inequality, integration by parts, and chain rule of the conformable fractional calculus. When

α
=
1

\alpha =1

, we can obtain some of classical Copson’s and Hardy’s inequalities. In the end, we will obtain an application of Hardy’s inequality utilizing the conformable fractional calculus.
Modeling the importance of physician training in practice location for Ohio otolaryngologists
Authors: Borgemenke Samuel , Newsom D’Nair , Scheatzle Patrick , Durstock Nicholas , Beverly Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2024

Context

Underserved communities in southeastern Ohio and Appalachia face significant healthcare accessibility challenges, with the Midwest offering a lower density of healthcare providers compared to coastal regions. Specifically, underserved communities in southeastern Ohio and Appalachia are disadvantaged in otolaryngology care.

Objectives

This analysis aims to identify factors that lead otolaryngologists to a respective practice location, and if any of that influence comes from where otolaryngologists completed their medical education.

Methods

The proportion of otolaryngologists who performed medical school, residency, and/or fellowship in Ohio was analyzed utilizing a three-sample test for equality. Multivariate logistic regression and Pearson prediction models were produced to analyze the impact of performing medical training (medical school, residency, and fellowship) in Ohio.

Results

Going to medical school in Ohio significantly increases the odds of going to an otolaryngology residency in the state (p<0.001). Moreover, between medical school and residency, medical school was a significantly better predictor of otolaryngologists practicing in Appalachia (Δ Bayesian Information Criterion [BIC]>2) and southeast Ohio (ΔBIC>10). Medical school in state was also a better predictor of percent rural and median household income than residency (ΔBIC>10). The multivariate model of medical school and residency was significantly better than either predictor alone for the population (ΔBIC>2). All models predicting percent rural were significantly improved with the addition of a Doctor of Osteopathy (DO) degree (ΔBIC>10).

Conclusions

Where physicians complete their medical training (medical school, residency, and fellowship) in state has a significant impact on predicting their future place of practice. This study found that the location of such training has a positive predictive nature as to whether that physician will practice in a rural and underserved area in the future. Notably, the addition of being licensed as a DO also increased the probability of that physician practicing in a rural area.
Prediction of intrapartum caesarean section in vaginal breech birth: development of models for nulliparous and multiparous women
Authors: Lia Massimiliano , Költzsch Elisabeth , Martin Mireille , Kabbani Noura , Stepan Holger
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To develop prediction models for intrapartum caesarean section in vaginal breech birth.

Methods

This single-center cohort-study included 262 nulliparous and 230 multiparous women attempting vaginal breech birth. For both groups, we developed and (internally) validated three models for the prediction of intrapartum cesarean section.

Results

The prediction model for nulliparous women (AUC: 0.67) included epidural analgesia (aOR 2.14; p=0.01), maternal height (aOR 0.64 per 10 cm; p=0.08), birthweight ≥3.8 kg (aOR 2.45; p=0.03) and an interaction term describing the effect of OC if birthweight is ≥3.8 kg (aOR 0.24; p=0.04). An alternative model for nulliparous women which, instead of birthweight, included fetal abdominal circumference with a cut-off at 34 cm (aOR 1.93; p=0.04), showed similar performance (AUC: 0.68). The prediction model for multiparous women (AUC: 0.77) included prelabor rupture of membranes (aOR 0.31; p=0.03), epidural analgesia (aOR 2.42; p=0.07), maternal BMI (aOR 2.92 per 10 kg/m2; p=0.01) and maternal age (aOR 3.17 per decade; p=0.06).

Conclusions

Our prediction models show the most relevant risk factors associated with intrapartum cesarean section in vaginal breech birth for both nulliparous and multiparous women. Importantly, this study clarifies the role of the OC by showing that this parameter is only associated with intrapartum cesarean section if birthweight is above 3.8 kg (or abdominal circumference is above 34 cm). Conversely, knowing the OC when the birthweight is less than 3.8 kg (or abdominal circumference is less than 34 cm) did not improve prediction of this surgical outcome.
The acquisition of speaking fundamental frequency (F0) features in Cantonese and English by simultaneous bilingual children
Authors: Zhu Yanjiao
Published: September 2024

This exploratory study conducted an acoustic analysis of conversational speech produced by three-year-old children who are bilingual in Cantonese and English, as well as of children who are monolingual in one of those languages. Three fundamental frequency features of speech (mean F0, pitch sigma, and F0 range) were measured and compared between the bilingual and monolingual children, as well as within the bilingual children’s two languages. The results demonstrate significant individual variations. Some of the bilingual children exhibited differential F0 features in both languages, while others did not. Language dominance also emerges. In their dominant language Cantonese, the bilingual children produced the F0 patterns the same way as monolingual Cantonese children, whereas in their nondominant language English, the F0 features were different from those of monolingual English children. The findings suggest that three-year-old bilingual children have started developing distinct prosodic patterns for their two languages. However, achieving full command of prosody in both languages remains a prolonged process.
The Psychoanalytic Act in the Preschool Space, or How to Be Useful Instead of Right
Authors: Poznansky Olga
Published: September 2024

This contribution examines the position of expert knowledge in the institutional context of an American preschool and a consulting psychoanalyst's refusal to join in its unquestioned dynamic. It interrogates the shift, both theoretical and clinical, occurring if and when the authority of knowledge is supplanted by attention to transference. By arguing that a classroom is the space for the psychoanalytic act and by making a distinction between what it means to be useful rather than right, the author opens a perspective for psychoanalysis in extension that the cared-for children may welcome more than the caring adults.
Microbiological Analysis of Gut Flora and Determination of AntibioticResistance from White Storks (Ciconia Ciconia) Resting Area during Migration in Türkiye
Authors: Uslu Ali , Toslak Emine Eda , Denizli Oguzhan , Balevi Asli , Sayin Zafer , Erganis Osman
Published: September 2024

Aim: As reservoir hosts, migratory birds can spread viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases between continents. White storks' (Ciconia Ciconia) flora bacteria are expected to be sensitive to antibiotics. This study aimed to determine which pathogens were found in the fecal samples of storks, characterize the bacteria that are dominant in the gut flora, and determine antibiotic resistance during migration. Materials and Methods: Stork’s feces (n=101) were collected in March 2022, Konya, Turkiye (37°52′22″N 32°29′32″E) which is on the migration route. Samples were cultured bacteriologically for the identify mesophilic bacteria Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp. and Campylobacter spp.). Classical microbiological methods, Gram staining, and biochemical tests were performed. Isolates were confirmed by VITEK 2 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: : Escherichia coli (n=101), Enterobacter cloacae (n=10), Hafnia alvei (n=3), Campylobacter jejuni (n=1) and Salmonella Virginia (n=1) were identified. Some E. coli isolates 32 (31.68%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 2 (1.98%) isolates were extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and 33 (32.67%) isolates were determined to be phenotypically Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) positive also some E. coli strains 5 (4.95%) were identified as avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). S. Virginia isolate was found to be resistant only to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, antibiotic resistance in gut flora of white storks is a severe condition. These birds shed pathogens in their feces that can contaminate poultry and dairy farms in the migration route. This situation indicates the pollution caused by people's unconscious drug use effect on wild animals
The Protective Effects of Nigella Sativa on the Antioxidant System and Certain Cytokine Levels in Rats Exposed to Experimental Acrylamide
Authors: Ozsan Mehmet , Kececi Tufan
Published: September 2024

Aim: The objective of this research was to examine the potential safeguarding properties of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) against the genotoxic, carcinogenic, and neurotoxic effects of acrylamide. N. sativa is known for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics which can counteract the detrimental impact of environmental toxins. The research investigated the influence of N. sativa on the antioxidant system and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and explored its therapeutic potential in rats exposed to acrylamide, a substance known for its harmful effects on various systems. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two healthy adult male rats were used and allocated into four separate groups: control, acrylamide, N. sativa, and acrylamide + N. sativa groups. Acrylamide (40 mg/kg/day) and N. sativa oil (10 mg/kg/day) were given orally for 15 days. IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, SOD, glutathione, malondialdehyde, and TNF-α levels were analyzed. Results: The acrylamide group exhibited a significant increase in MDA levels in comparison to the other groups, indicating oxidative stress (P < 0.05). Moreover, GSH and SOD levels were appreciably lower in the acrylamide group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the experimental group treated with N. sativa displayed reduced MDA levels (by approximately 30%) and improved GSH and SOD levels compared to the acrylamide group, suggesting a significant protective effect against acrylamide toxicity (P < 0.05). The acrylamide group showed significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1, along with a notable decrease in the anti inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (P < 0.05). Conversely, in the group treated with N. sativa, there was a significant reduction in the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 (P < 0.05), indicating the anti-inflammatory effects of N. sativa. Conclusion: The study results suggest that N. sativa can alleviate acrylamide induced oxidative stress and inflammation. It seemed that N. sativa significiantly improved the increase of MDA levels altered by ACR and increase antioxidant levels, and partially attenuate the changes in L-1 levels induced by ACR. These findings indicate that N. sativa suggests potential benefits in alleviating the adverse impacts of acrylamide
Marco jurídico aplicable a personas diagnosticadas con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica en Colombia
Authors: Angarita Mendoza Luis Felipe , Ardila Cáceres Juan José , Carvajal Lozada Emely Catalina , Rincón Ardila Luisa Fernanda
Published: September 2024

La Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) es una enfermedad crónica que ataca de manera progresiva al sistema nervioso, afectando las neuronas motoras en el cerebro y en la médula espinal, generando pérdida del control muscular. Dicha patología se clasifica como huérfana por su baja prevalencia en la población y alta tasa de mortalidad; dado el estado de vulnerabilidad en el que se encuentran los pacientes, debido a la ausencia de equipos multidisciplinarios con la capacidad de brindar una prestación eficaz en salud. No obstante, actualmente en Colombia, no existe normativa especializada que la contemple; así como estudios epidemiológicos que permitan determinar el número de pacientes diagnosticados con ELA.
El presente artículo tiene por objeto describir el marco jurídico aplicable a pacientes diagnosticados con ELA; a través de un diseño cualitativo, de alcance jurídico-descriptivo. Como resultado, se identificó la Ley 1751 de 2015, la cual, contempla mecanismos garantes del acceso a la salud de personas que padecen alguna enfermedad huérfana; sin embargo, los resultados evidencian que las solicitudes de tratamientos a las Entidades Promotoras de Salud (EPS) e Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud (IPS) son dilatadas injustificadamente y no son atendidas oportunamente. Se concluye que, a pesar del fundamento constitucional de los artículos 47 y 49 como garantes de la prestación de la salud como un derecho, las leyes 1392 de 2010 y 1438 de 2011; no existe una normativa especializada orientada a establecer garantías y procedimientos de calidad para el acceso efectivo a la salud de las personas diagnosticadas con ELA.
The influence of the educational process on the psychological state of students and teachers in Physics Culture and sports during the war
Authors: Dyshko Olesia , Bielikova Natalia , Tsos Anatolii , Kosynskyi Eduard
Published: September 2024

Background and Study Aim. The relevance of intelligence is determined by the need to find the most effective tools for the formation and development of stress resistance in Ukrainian students and teachers in the process of studying in war conditions. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to compare the impact of online and offline learning formats during the war on the level of stress resistance of students and teachers in the sphere of physi-cal culture and sports.Material and methods. The theoretical basis of the article is the research of domestic and foreign specialists. The study was conducted on the basis of the Lutsk Pedagogical College. 112 students of the specialty 014 Second-ary Education (Physical Culture), 017 Physical Culture and Sports and 16 teachers of the department of Physical Education participated in the experiment. In the research process, such methods were used as an experiment, questionnaires according to the PCL-5 method, BASIC Ph testing of the Mooli Lahad method, comparison, statisti-cal analysis (correction, systematization, determination of St’ydenta t-criterion and Pearson’s χ2 test).Results. The conducted experiment included a comparison of the influence of different formats – online and of-fline training for the manifestation of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder caused by military actions in participants educational process. The observations made it possible to diagnose a high level of manifestation in the participants of the experiment symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder after the end of the second se-mester of the 2021/2022 academic year year, when training took place online in connection with the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, as well as significant reduction in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms after the first semester of 2022/2023 academic year, in which learning took place offline. Reliably high expansion rates were recorded of all modalities of combating stress and a reliable increase in the success of students and improvement of rating points in teachers.Conclusions. Positive changes in the psychological state and level of success of the participants were recorded of the educational process in the second semester can be related to the format and features of training in special-ties 014 Secondary education (Physical Culture) and 017 Physical culture and sports.
Key words:educational process, stress level, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, students, teachers
Efficacy of Resistance Band Training on Shoulder Muscle Strength and Injury Prevention in Volleyball Athletes
Authors: Sivaraman Chitra , Chelliah Jesus Rajkumar Navaraj , Sanjaykumar Swamynathan , Kalmykova Yuliya , Pomeshchikova Irina , Lebediev Serhii
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Shoulder injuries are common in women volleyball players, often resulting from repetitive overhead movements. Effective strength training methods can help prevent these injuries. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of an eight-week resistance band training program on shoulder muscle strength enhancement and injury prevention in women volleyball athletes.

Material and Methods. Forty collegiate women volleyball players, aged 18-25, were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n=20) or a control group (n=20). The intervention group underwent a structured resistance band training program targeting shoulder strength, which included exercises like shoulder presses, lateral raises, internal and external rotations, and scapular retractions. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to assess shoulder muscle strength before and after the intervention, measuring peak torque of the shoulder flexors, extensors, internal rotators, and external rotators. Injury rates were monitored throughout the volleyball season, documenting the number and severity of shoulder injuries.

Results. Significant improvements in shoulder muscle strength were observed in the intervention group across all measured parameters (p < 0.001), while the control group showed minimal changes (p > 0.05). Moreover, the intervention group exhibited a significant reduction in shoulder injury rates post-intervention (p = 0.041), whereas the control group's injury rates remained stable (p = 0.768).

Conclusions. The findings suggest that resistance band training effectively enhances shoulder muscle strength and reduces injury rates in women volleyball athletes. Integrating targeted strength training, such as resistance band exercises, into regular training routines may help enhance athlete performance and mitigate injury risk in sports characterized by repetitive overhead movements. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and optimal implementation strategies of resistance band training in athletic contexts.
Efecto del tipo de empaque y ácidos orgánicos en la calidad del zapallo (Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir) mínimamente procesado durante el almacenamiento
Authors: Cuevas Mena Julián Felipe , Andrade Mahecha Margarita María , Ordóñez Santos Luis Eduardo
Published: September 2024

La comercialización del zapallo (Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir.) en los mercados minoristas es limitado debido a su gran tamaño. Las inadecuadas prácticas de manipulación y el alto contenido de humedad aceleran su deterioro. El procesamiento mínimo es una alternativa que permite obtener un alimento inocuo con características similares al producto fresco. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de tres tipos de empaque y la aplicación de una solución de ácidos orgánicos sobre la calidad de zapallo mínimamente procesado almacenado a 6.0 ± 2 °C. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se estimó la estabilidad del producto usando el índice de estabilidad global (IEG). Los resultados indicaron que el zapallo mínimamente procesado obtenido es apto para el consumo a los nueve días de almacenamiento. La aplicación de ácidos orgánicos disminuyó el crecimiento de mesófilos aerobios, pero favoreció el de mohos y levaduras. El empaque en bandeja de poliestireno expandido (PSE) y película de policloruro de vinilo (PVC) presentaron la mayor pérdida de peso (8 %), sin embargo, conservaron valores de luminosidad y croma próximos a los del alimento fresco. El empaque PSE y PVC, sin la aplicación de ácidos orgánicos, alcanzó un IEG de 0.60 a los nueve días de almacenamiento. El IEG del zapallo mínimamente procesado almacenado durante nueve días a 6.0 ± 2 °C se ajustó a una cinética de segundo orden con un alto coeficiente de regresión (R2 > 0.98).
Effects of cadmium on the physiology of Solanum lycopersicum L. grown in alternative hydroponic media
Authors: Hernández Baranda Yenisei , Peña-Icart Mirella , Cruz Pérez Zulma Natali , Meriño Hernández Yanitza , Cartaya Rubio Omar , Moreno Ortego José Luis , Echevarría Machado Ileana , Martínez Estévez Manuel , Rodríguez Hernández Pedro
Published: September 2024

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals for the physiology of plants. Proper nutrient management through wastewater reuse can be an efficient strategy to mitigate its effects. In this research, the effects of cadmium were evaluated in the hydroponic cultivation of Solanum lycopersicum L. We conducted two experiments: one using mining wastewater with concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 mg L-1 of Cd2+ (Experiment 1) and another using deionized water with concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg L-1 of Cd2+ (Experiment 2). Cadmium stress in plants reduced leaf area, chlorophyll content, and concentrations of potassium (K) and manganese (Mn), and increased concentrations of sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu). The employment of mining wastewater improved the plant’s response to Cd stress by reducing the translocation of Cd and increasing the contents of P, S, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in leaves. At the same time, the use of deionized water decreased the contents of Cu in leaves. These nutrition-related effects influenced leaf area and chlorophyll content, as both indicators showed less impairment in the experiment with wastewater. These results provide additional value to the reuse of wastewater in agriculture.
Physiological responses and initial growth of eggplant under nutrient exclusion from nutrient solution
Authors: Lisboa Lucas Aparecido Manzani , Santos Marcos Antonio dos , Francisco Marcelo da Cruz , Pereira Marcelo Henrique Ribeiro
Published: September 2024

In order to grow eggplant, a certain amount of mineral nutrients is needed to meet plant requirements at the initial phase of growth; with the absence of some nutrients, its physiological responses become compromised. This research aimed to study the physiological responses and initial growth of eggplant under nutrient omission in nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out in 2023 at the Fundação Educacional de Andradina located in the municipality of Andradina, state of São Paulo (Brazil). The experimental design was completely randomized, with nutrient exclusion of magnesium (Mg), boron (B), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), or copper (Cu) plus a control group with the supply of all mineral nutrients, with four replicates totaling 20 plots. Magnesium exclusion caused greater damage to the initial growth of eggplant in nutrient solution, with a 33.76% reduction in the concentrations of chlorophylls a and b; the contents of chlorophylls correlated with the concentration of organic nitrogen in the leaves. Boron exclusion caused deformations of leaf blades.