bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Producción de plantas hijas a partir de estolones en cinco variedades de fresa (Fragaria spp.) manejadas bajo condiciones de invernadero en Molinopampa, Amazonas
Authors: Oliva Mario , Oliva José
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación fue realizado con el objetivo de evaluar la tasa potencial de propagación de cinco variedades de fresa (Fragaria spp.), bajo las condiciones de invernadero en el distrito de Molinopampa, Amazonas. Las variedades utilizadas fueron Aromas, Camarosa, Albión, Monterrey y San Andreas, las cuales se establecieron en un diseño experimental completos al azar. Como material de genético se utilizaron plantas madres provenientes del INIA Estación Experimental Agraria Donoso y se instalaron en módulos verticales a distanciamiento de 35 cm entre plantas. El manejo de las plantas se realizó mediante control fitosanitario, fertilización foliar, podas de hojas, deshierbo manual, suministro de riego y aplicación de técnica de emasculación. La respuesta de las variables número de coronas por planta, altura de planta, número de hojas evaluadas en plantas madres tuvieron un comportamiento similar para las cinco variedades de fresa. Una respuesta similar se determinó en la variable longitud de estolón. Sin embargo la variables número de estolones, número de yemas por estolón y número de plantas hijas por planta madre difirieron estadísticamente entre las variedades. Para la producción de plantas hijas mostraron mayor respuesta las variedades monterrey con 26,63 hijas y albión con 26,44 hijas por planta madre.
Estudio ecológico de los bosques homogéneos en el distrito de Molinopampa, Región Amazonas
Authors: García-Pérez Aguinaldo , Rubio Rojas Karol B. , Meléndez Mori Jegnes Benjamin , Corroto Fernando , Rascón Jesús , Oliva Manuel
Published: April 2021

En el presente trabajo se caracterizó el bosque homogéneo de palmeras en el distrito de Molinopampa, ya que esta área es representativa de este tipo de bosques, los cuales se ven afectados por actividades agropecuarias. En se sentido, se cuantificaron e identificaron las especies de palmeras de este bosque de palmera, así como la distribución en el área de estudio, encontrándose que, en un área de aproximadamente 5000 hectáreas solo se presentan cuatro especies del genero Ceroxylon, las cuales son Ceroxylon peruvianum, Ceroxylon quidiuense, Ceroxylon vogelianum y Ceroxylon parvifrons. De todas, la que tiene mejor distribución y frecuencia, al encontrarse en todos los puntos de muestro, fue C. quindiuense, misma que representa el 73% del total de individuos muestreados. Las demás especies no son muy representativas y solo se han encontraron en un punto de muestreo. Esta baja diversidad de especies encontrada se debe a la interacción del bosque de palmeras con actividades antrópicas como la agricultura y la ganadería.
Cosecha de agua de lluvia como tecnología de conservación de los manantiales amenazados, Chachapoyas
Authors: Vigo Mestanza Carmen Natividad , Juárez Contreras Lily del Pilar , Oliva Manuel
Published: April 2021

La afectación a los cuerpos de agua producto de las diferentes actividades humanas es un problema de índole mundial al que el Perú no es ajeno. En ese contexto, esta investigación buscó evaluar la eficiencia de la cosecha de agua de lluvia como una tecnología de conservación de los manantiales que vienen siendo amenazados en el anexo Pomacochas, distrito de Leymebamba, Chachapoyas. Para ello se usó el instrumento de la encuesta y se aplicó a 14 pobladores del anexo. Luego se midieron las dimensiones del techo de sus viviendas. Con la información recolectada se promedió cuanto era el porcentaje de familias que estaban dispuestas a implementar el sistema de cosecha de agua de lluvia. Se obtuvo que el 50% de la población estaría dispuesta a hacerlo, y este porcentaje se incrementaría si las personas recibieran información de esta tecnología. Además se pudo observar que la mayoría de los techos son de calamina, que es el material más apropiado por razones de salubridad y duración. Si se implementaría esta tecnología, se reduciría la presión sobre el recurso hídrico, en especial producto de las actividades domésticas.
Calidad de las carnes producidas en la región Amazonas, Perú
Authors: Gonzales Malca Jhony , Portocarrero Villegas Segundo , Abanto López María
Published: April 2021

En la presente investigación se evaluó la calidad de las carnes producidas en la región Amazonas. Para ello se realizó el análisis físico, químico y microbiológico de 190 muestras, procedentes de 12 camales y 26 avícolas, distribuidas en 135 muestras de pollo, 31 muestras de carne de res y 24 muestras de carnes de cerdo. Se evaluaron los parámetros físicos: potencial de hidrógeno (pH), acidez (g de ácido láctico /g de muestra) y humedad; químicos: proteína, grasa y energía; y microbiológicos: coliformes totales, coliformes fecales, bacterias aerobias mesófilas viables, Salmonella, y enterobacterias, para luego ser contrastados con la normativa correspondiente. Por medio de la obtención de valores del estadístico t-student con probabilidades superiores a un nivel de significancia (α) de 0,05, que se traducen en no significativos, indicando la aceptación de la hipótesis nula, que expresa valores de los parámetros evaluados que no exceden los límites máximos permisibles según la normativa vigente. Por lo que las autoridades deben implementar un nuevo enfoque integrado y preventivo en inocuidad, donde se requieren estrategias y acciones de control en toda la cadena alimentaria, garantizando la calidad del producto al ser comercializado y consumido.
Características morfo-agronómicas en dos variedades de repollo (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) en función a la aplicación de dosis de fertilizantes
Authors: Oliva Manuel , Huamán Huamán Eyner , Neri Chávez Juan Carlos
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad determinar el efecto de dos dosis de la aplicación de fertilizantes sobre las características morfo-agronómicas de dos variedades de repollo (Brassica oleracea L.) Corazón de Buey y Quintalero.m Para ello se instalaron 18 parcelas experimentales en el “Huerto de las Personas Adultas Mayores” de la ciudad de Chachapoyas. Se empleó un Diseño Completamente Aleatorio (DCA), con 6 y 3 bloques. Los tratamientos fueron: T1 (Corazón de Buey sin aplicación), T2 (Quintalero sin aplicación), T3 (Corazón de Buey + 100N – 80P), T4 (Corazón de Buey + 120N – 100P), T5 (Quintalero + 100N – 80P) y T6 (Quintalero + 120N – 100P). Se evaluaron ocho variables: altura de planta, número de hojas, ancho de planta, largo de planta, peso seco, rendimiento, peso total y peso de residuos. Según el análisis multivariado, los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento T3 fue superior en la mayoría de las variables morfológicas y en rendimiento fue superior el tratamiento T4, llegando a la conclusión que los tratamientos T3 y T4 mostraron diferencias significativas en variables morfológicas y en rendimiento respectivamente con respecto a los demás tratamientos, dentro de las dos dosis de fertilización evaluadas en el manejo del cultivo de repollo.
Eficiencia energética de colectores solares con tubos verticales de PVC en termas solares, Amazonas
Authors: Espinoza-Canaza Fernando Isaac , Barrena Gurbillón Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficiencia de un colector solar de 1 m2 de 12 tubos verticales de PCV de 3/4" para agua caliente, con tanque de almacenamiento de 100 litros, en Chachapoyas, Amazonas (2350 msnm y temperatura ambiente promedio de 17ºC), con humedad relativa entre 60% y 70%. Para la medición y registro de datos de temperatura se utilizó cuatro sensores DS18B20 digitales y un módulo arduino UNO. Los datos se tomaron durante 31 días, en intervalos de 15 minutos, desde las 8:00 a las 16:00 horas en simultáneo con el registro de radiación solar, temperatura ambiente, precipitación pluvial y velocidad del viento con la estación meteorológica del INDES–CES. En base a los valores de radiación solar incidente, cada día se clasificó en tres intervalos: nublados (0 a 300 W/m2), combinados (600 a 800 W/m2) y soleados (mayores a 800 W/m2). La radiación solar captada por el colector solar en periodos nublados fue de 1,90 kW/m2, combinados 0,89 kW/m2 y soleados 2,04 kW/m2, en tanto que la eficiencia lograda para períodos nublados fue de 35,64%, combinados 38,51% y soleados 44,57%. El almacenamiento de agua en el tanque para periodos nublados fue de 87,10 litros, combinados 89,52 litros y soleados 90,51 litros. En conclusión, la eficiencia del colector solar estuvo entre 30 y 50 %.
Evaluación de diferentes sustratos en la alimentación de la lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia foetida) a efectos de mejorar su producción
Authors: Castañeda Chávez Vicente Marino , Guivin Guadalupe Alex Lenin , Cuzco Mas Erik
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de algunos sustratos utilizados en la alimentación de la lombriz roja californiana (Eisenia foetida) a efectos de mejorar su producción. La investigación se llevó a cabo por el método experimental con nueve tratamientos y tres repeticiones, dispuestos en un diseño completamente al azar. Los sustratos utilizados fueron: estiércol de vacuno, estiércol de cuy, estiércol de gallina, pluma y sangre bovina. El trabajo se ejecutó en 60 días del año 2018 en la Estación Experimental Agrícola de Chachapoyas, de la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM) de Amazonas (Perú). Los resultados demuestran que al utilizar los sustratos en mención en la alimentación de la lombriz se pueden lograr mejoras en lo concerniente al peso corporal, la densidad poblacional y el contenido proteico de la harina, lo que no se podría afirmar en lo concerniente a la composición química del compost cuyos resultados son inferiores a los logrados en otros trabajos similares. En conclusión, se podría afirmar que los parámetros productivos relativos al peso corporal, la densidad poblacional y el porcentaje proteico de la harina aumentan o disminuyen de acuerdo al tipo de tratamiento utilizado.
Efecto del ácido indolbutírico (AIB) sobre el enraizamiento y adaptabilidad de segmentos nodales de arándano (Vaccinium corimbosum L.)
Authors: Tejada Alvarado José Jesús , Oliva Manuel , Collazos Silva Roicer , Vilca Valqui Nuri Carito , Huaman Huaman Eyner
Published: April 2021

El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del ácido indolbutírico (AIB) sobre el sobre el enraizamiento y adaptabilidad de segmentos nodales de arándano (Vaccinium corimbosum L.). Para esto, se utilizaron microtallos de arándano (Bluecrop, Legacy, Star y Biloxi) provenientes de multiplicación in vitro, los cuales fueron sometidos a diferentes dosis de AIB (100, 200, 400, 800 mg/L). El ensayo se realizó bajo un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo bifactorial, donde se evaluó el porcentaje de enraizamiento, longitud de raíz, número de raíces, número de brotes, altura de planta, número de hojas y diámetro de tallo. Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de Kruskal Wallis (p<0,05) y análisis de componentes principales (ACP). Los resultados mostraron que las dosis de AIB tienen efecto significativo, el rango optimo es de 100 a 200 mg/L AIB. Por otro lado, se evidencia que la variedad Biloxi presento mejores parámetros morfológicos. Asimismo, el ACP muestra que la variedad Biloxi tiene mejor respuesta a concentraciones de 100 a 200 mg/L AIB, siendo significativa en comparación con los otros tratamientos.
Instalación de fincas cafetaleras en sistema agroforestal para recuperación y sostenibilidad de suelos degradados de selva alta
Authors: Dilas-Jiménez Josué Otoniel , Mugruza-Vassallo Carlos A.
Published: April 2021

Los suelos ubicados en la zona ecológica de Región Yunga o Selva Alta, caracterizados como Bosque de terraza baja basimontano (Btb-ba) y Bosque de terraza alta basimontano (Bta-ba), con altitudes entre los 800 a 1 200 msnm, generalmente poseen una cubierta forestal natural siendo particularmente vulnerables a la degradación del suelo por lo que es necesario proteger.  Un inadecuado manejo de estos suelos viene generando su degradación con la consecuente ampliación de la frontera agrícola y presión sobre nuevas áreas de bosque natural. Ante ello, se presenta una propuesta de finca cafetalera en sistema agroforestal (SAF) como alternativa ecológica y sostenible para suelos degradados adaptable a la provincia de Rioja. El SAF propuesto para ser aplicable en suelos degradados, se plantea en 2 procesos: i) Proceso de recuperación del suelo, por los dos primeros años con la instalación de un cobertura de suelo con Centrosema macrocarpum y la instalación de Inga edulis, así como de Tithonia diversifolia entre las ingas; ii) Proceso de implementación del SAF, por un periodo aproximado de 30 años con la instalación de árboles forestales como Colubrina glandulosa y de Cedrelinga catenaeformis a razón de ~140 individuos de cada especie por hectárea, así como la instalación de cafetal como generador de ingresos inmediatos. Este SAF genera como salidas, productos como: leña, madera rolliza, madera aserrada, café; así también la recuperación de la fertilidad del suelo y genera beneficios ambientales como la captura de carbono.
Actividad antifúngica in vitro de diferentes concentraciones de Syzygium aromaticum “clavo de olor” contra Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Acedo-Zegarra Victor John , Arana-Bardales Diego Fernando , Condo-Montano Alberto Enrique
Published: April 2021

Se determinó la actividad antifúngica de Syzygium aromaticum “clavo de olor” a concentraciones de 1%, 3% y 5% contra el hongo fitopatógeno Fusarium oxysporum. Para ello se realizaron cultivos in  vitro de dicho hongo, estableciendo dos placas Petri control y tres repeticiones para cada una de las concentraciones: 1%, 3% y 5% de Syzygium aromaticum. El crecimiento radial de las colonias se evaluó durante cinco días, midiendo el radio de las mismas con un vernier. Como resultados se obtuvo que el crecimiento radial del micelio de F. oxysporum para los controles así como para las concentraciones de 1% y 3% de S. aromaticum son de 2.65 cm, 2.5 cm y 1.1 cm, respectivamente, considerándose los datos más altos de crecimiento micelial en estas placas. Además, para la concentración de 5% de S. aromaticum, no se observa crecimiento micelial del hongo. Así mismo, en relación a las concentraciones de 1% y 3% de S. aromaticum, el porcentaje de inhibición en relación al crecimiento micelial de F. oxysporum es de 11.88% y 65.45%, respectivamente, y para la concentración de  5% de extracto de Syzygium aromaticum los resultados obtenidos muestran notablemente una actividad antifúngica total de 100% frente a Fusarium oxysporum.
Análisis multivariado en la comparación morfométrica del híbrido (♂Colossoma macropomum X ♀Piaractus brachypomus) y sus parentales
Authors: Villegas Rivas Danny Alberto , Milla Pino Manuel Emilio , Castillo González Otto , Durant Karina
Published: April 2021

Realiza un análisis morfométrico multivariado a través del método de componentes principales y el análisis discriminante entre el híbrido cachamoto y sus parentales; (Colossoma macropomum) macho y el morocoto (Piaractus brachypomus) hembra. El material utilizado en el ensayo se obtuvo de los estanques de la estación piscícola Papelón, en el estado Portuguesa (Venezuela), donde se estudiaron un total de 33 ejemplares (11 híbridos, 11 ejemplares de cachama negra y 11 de cachama blanca), a cada pez se le tomaron 32 medidas
siguiendo el método de las cerchas o "trusses" con base en la distancia entre puntos homólogos. Los resultados del análisis discriminante evidenciaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre el híbrido y sus parentales, en relación a variables morfológicas tales como: base aleta adiposa, posterior aleta dorsal al origen aleta anal, posterior aleta anal a la caudal, ancho pectoral (cabeza), posterior aleta dorsal al posterior aleta adiposa, base aleta anal, aleta pélvica al origen aleta anal, articular al origen aleta pectoral, posterior aleta adiposa al posterior aleta anal.
Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) relationship analysis based on morphology character and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
Authors: Heryanto R , Arlianti T
Published: April 2021

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a tropical plant with many benefits, one of which istraditional medicine. Moreover, noni can grow in all types of climates. Plant diversity is themain key in plant breeding. The existence of a diverse plant makes it easy for breeders toassemble varieties. This study aims to determine the diversity and relationship of nonigermplasm based on morphological characters and RAPD markers. The materials used ten noniaccessions at Cimanggu Research Station, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops ResearchInstitute (ISMCRI), Bogor, West Java. The morphological characters observed were leaflength, leaf width, number of pods, fruit diameter, fruit weight, and number of seeds. Therewere 20 primers used for RAPD. The results showed that morphological characters of leafshape, fruit shape, and the number of seeds could distinguish noni. Molecular analysis showedthat three primers (OPA 9, OPA 17, and OPB 18) could produce polymorphic DNA bands.Based on differences in DNA band patterns, 10 noni accessions were divided into two groups.There is no specific DNA band pattern that distinguishes a total of seeds noni.
Analysis of Village Fund Allocation (ADD)Management in Lawang Agung Village Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency
Authors: Indika Miki , Patih Suharto , Widyawati Septarina
Published: April 2021

The aim is to see the Village Fund Allocation Management in Lawang AgungVillage Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency. This research included qualitativeresearch. The operational variable of this research was the Management of Village FundAllocation with Indicators for planning, implementation, administration, reporting, andaccountability. Secondary data in the form of agency profiles and Village Fund Allocationdocuments. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The resultsshowed that the Village Fund Allocation Management planning stage in the Lawang Agungvillage is not yet fully the community’s expected needs at that time. The implementation phaseof the Village Fund Allocation, there was a delay of more than one week even though theworking time was only 5 days in preparing several documents. So that it made delays inadministration, reporting, and accountability. The Village Fund Allocation Administrationstage, due to the delay in reporting form activities in the field, had an impact on delays inclosing the books which result in late submission of accountability reports to the Village Head,and it had an impact on the delay in reporting to the District and District. The Village VillageFund Allocation reporting stage, the reporting stage also occurs due to delays due to delays inthe implementation phase so that the impacts on delay in the administration and reportingdelays on the District and District parties. For the accountability phase of the Village FundAllocation, it was timely that the accountability report was made and reported monthly, 31December. But the accountability report of the village government was not informed to thecommunity. Therefore it had been no direct accountability to the community with themanagement of the Village Fund Allocation in Desa Lawang Agung, Rupit District, NorthMusi Rawas Regency.
Palm sugar business management and its contribution towards household revenues in Lebak District, Banten
Authors: Astuti A , Sari RM , Mulyaningsih A
Published: April 2021

This study aims to identify palm sugar business characteristic, to analyzethe allocation of labor and household revenue of palm sugar craftsmen and to analyzethe contribution of palm sugar income to the craftsmen household in Lebak Regency.The research data used were primary data and secondary data which were processeddescriptively and quantitatively. Sampling was carried out randomly (simple randomsampling) in five sub-districts of palm sugar centers in Lebak Regency. The resultsshowed that the average palm sugar craftsman allocated his time of 6.66 hours per dayto produce palm sugar. The allocation of labor is distributed in several stages of theproduction process including tapping, cooking, stirring, printing and drying. As muchas 77.14% of the total household income of palm sugar craftsmen comes from thepalm sugar business. Other income is obtained from farming other commodities andtrading. Total income is allocated for food expenditure, non-food expenditure andsavings. Expenditures on food account for 60% of total expenditure, while non-foodexpenditures are 32 percent and savings are 8 percent.
Analysis of rice farming in tidal swampland, Tulang Bawang Regency, Lampung Province
Authors: Slameto Slameto , Jannah EM , Meidaliyantisyah Meidaliyantisyah , Wibawa W
Published: April 2021

Rice is still a strategic commodity in Indonesia. The need for rice to fulfill staple food every year tends to increase in line with the rate of population growth in Indonesia Lampung Province government continues to strive for various programs to fulfill food. One of the efforts made is optimizing the use of marginal land in the swampland. The swampland area in Lampung is about 162,930 ha, consisting of 68,900 ha of tidal swampland and 94,030 ha of lowland swamps. Lampung potential swampland, has the opportunity to meet food needs, especially rice. Problems of swampland rice farming which commonly found are environmental stress related to water and land management, unadaptive rice commodities and applying appropriate cultivation technology. Swampland rice farming is expected to provide added value and benefits for farmers. This study aims to analyze rice farming in the tidal swampland of Tulang Bawang Regency, Lampung Province. The farm study was carried out by planting rice on a 1 ha tidal swampland. The rice planted is the existing local rice varieties. The study was carried out in the second planting season. The results of the study showed that the growth and production of rice is quite good. Rice farming in the tidal wetland provides an advantage over an R/C ratio of 1.46 and an R/C ratio of 1.72. So that rice farming in the tidal swampland is feasible.
China: A Year of Trails. Rev.: A. A. Maslov.
Authors: Voytishek Elena E. , Komissarov Sergey A.
Published: April 2021

The publication presents a brief review of the new book by A. A. Maslov. Through the investigation of the struggle against COVID-19 in China, the author provides a comprehensive picture of the social-economic situation in the country, analyzes the reasons for the victory over the pandemic by Chinese society and its political structures, as well as modern alternatives for globalization. The book specially introduces the situation in Hong Kong as it represents the deepest social-political challenge in the history of the PRC. Highly commended by the reviewers, the mew monograph by Professor Maslov will be of great interest not only for specialists, but for a broad range of readers too.
An Overview of Rock Art Sites in Gansu Province, China
Authors: Kudinova Maria A.
Published: April 2021

The paper presents a brief overview of rock art sites known to date on the territory of Gansu Province in north-western China. Petroglyphs have been discovered in all parts of the province, most of them concentrate in the north-western and central parts of the region. Over the past decades, a significant number of rock art sites has been found in the eastern and south-eastern parts of Gansu, but many materials from this territory have not yet been published or were published in hard-to-get local periodicals, quite often without any illustrations. The purpose of this article is to fill the lacuna in the rock art studies of this part of China through the generalization of all available data on Gansu petroglyphs and listing the rock art sites known to date. Petroglyphs of Gansu can be generally attributed to the northern province of Chinese rock art. The techniques used to produce images include percussion (pecking), abrasion (scratching or rubbing) and engraving, no painted images have been discovered so far. At the same time, pronounced differences between rock art sites in different parts of the province can be observed: the sites in the north-western and central parts of the region have obvious similarities with the rock art traditions of Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet and (to a lesser degree) Inner Mongolia, while the petroglyphs of eastern and south-eastern parts of Gansu are close to the rock art of Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and partly to the petroglyphs of Jucishan in Henan Province.
Interpretation of the Images of Qing Judges in the Illustrated Woodblock Editions and Popular Prints Nianhua
Authors: Zavidovskaia Ekaterina A. , Vinogradova Tatiana I. , Maiatskii Dmitri I.
Published: April 2021

The paper aims to analyze different types of illustrations of court case gong`an公案stories featuring Qing dynasty judges Shi-gong 施公 and Peng-gong 鵬公 found in the late Qing woodblock editions and popular woodblock prints nianhua年畫 in order to figure out how tales about imperial ‘fair officials’ have been reflected in book illustrations and in popular prints nianhua年畫. Popular prints from various Russian and foreign collections mostly depict episodes featuring Qing dynasty judges Shi Shilun (施世綸, dec. 1722), originally a protagonist of the novel “Criminal Cases of Judge Shi” (施公案Shigong an, preface dated 1798), and Peng Peng (彭鹏, 1637–1704) from the novel “Criminal Cases of Judge Peng” (彭公案Penggongan, 1871) by Tanmeng Daoren貪夢道人. “Shi-gong plays” about Judge Shi and his friends gained popularity during the Daoguang period (1821–1850), however Judge Shi was no longer their central protagonist. The popular prints mostly depict martial scenes from these plays based on the court case stories. This research claims to define sources of various types of illustrations and clarify connections between book illustrations, popular prints and drama.
Terracotta Warrior: Image or Person?
Authors: Solovyev Aleksandr I. , Komissarov Sergey A.
Published: April 2021

The article investigates the problem of the so-called portraiture of personages presented in the terracotta army of the First Qin emperor. The results of analytical work of foreign colleagues were explored (namely, on restoration of the full spectrum of paints on the surface of the clay figures, or comparative studies of the forms of terracotta soldiers’ ears because this part of the human face is absolutely unique and therefore used in modern forensic practice for identification purposes). On the base of visual analyses of the material that could be obtained, taking into account the serial production of the big details (torsos, feet, heads) for assembling of the whole figures, as well as traces of the different instruments on faces of these figures, and after personal experience in working with elastic materials such as clay, the authors proposed a hypothesis that the reconstruction of face details (ears, noses, eyebrows, mustaches, etc.) which complete the assemblage was of the same type of serial mass production. Occasional or intentional deformation of face details in the process of their fixation, supplemented with elements such as coiffures and accentuated sections of face hair served as a basis for visible diversity in the clay soldiers and officials. However, we cannot say much about the personal characteristics of the real representatives of Qin society. We see only a reproduction of the appropriate image, but not the distinct person in the emperor’s army or court. The observations received indicate sheer haste and even negligence in the work of the craftsmen during the final stages of constructing this enormous funeral complex that never reached the level of the preliminary plans.
Opiekun w żłobku – zadania, odpowiedzialność i oczekiwane kompetencje
Authors: Jegier Aneta
Published: April 2021

Artykuł zawiera analizę sytuacji zawodowej i oczekiwań wobec opiekunów w żłobku. Jego celem jest ukazanie złożoności obowiązków nałożonych na opiekujących się małymi dziećmi. Autor poprzez zestawienie wymagań prawnych wobec opiekunów z realiami ich codziennej pracy pokazuje trudności w sprostaniu tym wymaganiom. Złożoność zadań, ogromna odpowiedzialność za los najmłodszego pokolenia oraz oczekiwane kompetencje opiekunów nie przekładają się bowiem na stworzone im przez pracodawców warunki pracy. Poruszony problem zmusza do refleksji i podjęcia naukowych rozważań nad rozwiązaniami prawnymi i organizacyjnymi związanymi z pracą opiekunów.
Design and Manufacture of Wireless Monitoring system of Photovoltaic Generation Employing Raspberry PI 3
Authors: Krismadinata Krismadinata , Kusuma Puja , Yahfizham Yahfizham
Published: April 2021

This paper recounts design and development the realtime and wireless monitoring systems to observed the characteristics and performanced of the solar photovoltaic (pv) energy generation. The monitoring systems designed used the Raspberry Pi 3 as the data processing center, the voltage divider as the voltage sensor, ACS712 as the current sensor, DHT as the temperature sensor, and BH1750 as the solar irradiation sensor. The measurements of the pv generation characteristics are carried out all the time in real time. The monitoring systems developed has calibrated with standard measuring instruments. The measurement data has processed, sent and stored in the database via the internet. The MySQL database with single user interface using the Web-based programming language has employed. This research has proven that the system designed to functioning properly and correctly to achieve the objectived. The novelty of these project are the pv wireless monitoring systems techniques with the simple device resources, capable of showing maximum performanced.
Powerful Statistical Tests for Ordered Data
Authors: Koefinger Juergen , Hummer Gerhard , Köfinger Jürgen
Published: April 2021

The inference of models from one-dimensional ordered data subject to noise is a fundamental and ubiquitous task in the physical and life sciences. A prototypical example is the analysis of small- and wide-angle solution scattering experiments using x-rays (SAXS/WAXS) or neutrons (SANS). In such cases, it is common practice to check the quality of a fit by using Pearson's chi-square test, which ignores the order of the data. We usually plot the residuals and check visually for systematic deviations without quantifying them. To quantify these deviations, we developed test statistics based on the distributions of the lengths of the runs of the signs of the residuals. Specifically, we use the probability of run-length distributions, for which we provide analytical expressions, to rank them and to calculate their P-values. We introduce the Shannon information distribution as an elegant and versatile tool for calculating P-values. We find that these distributions follow shifted gamma distributions, such that they are summarized by three parameters only. We show for a set of six models that our test statistics are more powerful than Pearson's chi-square test and common sign-based tests. We provide an open source Python 3 implementation of our tests free of charge at https://github.com/bio-phys/hplusminus.
Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Arylation of Redox Active Esters for the Synthesis of α-Aryl Nitriles – Role of a Chlorosilane Additive
Authors: Michel Nick , Edjoc Racquel , Fagbola Emmanuel , Hughes Jonathan , Campeau Louis-Charles , Rousseaux Sophie
Published: April 2021

A nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of redox-active N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHP) esters and iodoarenes for the synthesis of α-aryl nitriles is described. The NHP ester substrate is derived from cyanoacetic acid, which allows for a modular synthesis of substituted α-aryl nitriles, an important scaffold in pharmaceutical sciences. Mechanistic studies reveal that decarboxylation of the NHP ester to the reactive radical intermediate is accomplished by a combination of a chlorosilane additive and Zn dust. The reaction exhibits a broad scope as many functional groups are compatible under the reaction conditions, including complex highly functionalized medicinal agents.
Migration of Zeolite-Encapsulated Pt and Au Under Reducing Atmospheres
Authors: Hou Dianwei , Heard Christopher
Published: April 2021

Unbiased density functional global optimisation calculations, followed by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations are used to enumerate the potential energy surfaces for migration of noble metals Pt and Au inside the pore system of siliceous zeolite LTA. The effects of reducing adsorbates CO and H2 are determined. It is found that the two metals differ significantly in the strength and type of interaction with the framework, with strong, framework breaking interactions between Pt and and the zeolite, but only weak dispersive interactions between Au and the zeolite. Adsorbates are found to dramatically interfere with Pt-framework binding, leading to poorer atom-trapping, enhanced metal migration and faster equilibration.
The Impact efficiency of using assets to enhance earnings quality in the Jordanian Industrial Companies listed in the Amman Stock Exchange: An Empirical Study
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: April 2021

: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the efficiency of the use of assets to enhance earnings quality in Jordanian industrial companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE).To achieve the objectives of the study, a sample of 48 industrial companies was tested during the period of 2009-2015, and the number of observations used in the test was 336. To test the hypotheses of the study, multiple regression was used for the Pooled Data Regression. The study found that industrial companies achieved earnings quality. The study also found the existence of a positive impact that is statistically significant, of the efficiency of the use of assets (asset growth rate, working capital turnover, and the rate of current assets turnover), to enhance earnings quality. Accordingly, the study recommends that the management of companies maintains the earnings quality and exert more effort to exploit the company's assets with the best possible efficiency to achieve sales volume so that it can achieve earnings quality to enable it to continue its activities.
Assessing Infirmary Innovative Management: Relating Service Quality and Innovativeness
Authors:   Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation (APU), Malaysia
Published: April 2021

Organizations are continuously facing the challenge in managing employees not just the technology. This challenge is absolutely unavoidable because there is an implication towards the growth and profitability of an organization. One industry face the dual dynamic technology and people challenge is the hospital management. The purpose of this review is to make a look back on the importance of innovation in the hospital management setting. The end outcome of service quality is argued that innovativeness can lead to service productivity of employee especially in hospital setting. The concept of innovativeness emerges from innovation among employees behaviour in the organizational setting. This paper recommend the need of future study in understanding service quality through innovative behaviour. However, innovative behaviour can only be achieved with the existence of innovative management practices.
Ground Rules in Forensic Interviews: Should We Make Practice More Applied?
Authors: Lawrence Kelly
Published: April 2021

Introducing ground rules is recommended in many forensic interview best-practice protocols, but children do not always use them when they should. There is not yet a consensus in the literature on the best way to teach the rules, and many of the practice methods researched are not feasible for practitioners. Additionally, increased intensity of practice can lead to adverse effects on other aspects of child testimony too. We draw on cognitive learning literature to understand how to better facilitate ground rule use amongst children in forensic interviews. Ninety-three children between the ages of 5-12 from Greater Wellington region, New Zealand, participated in a staged event at their school and were interviewed using the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Protocol (Lamb et al., 2018) 2-3 weeks later. At the interview, children practised the ground rules ‘I don’t know’ (IDK), ‘I don’t understand’ (IDU) and ‘Correct me’ (CM) in one of four ways which varied by the degree of match between the practice and interview context. Children were asked difficult questions designed to elicit the rules throughout the interview, and coding children’s accuracy of reporting also examined the broader effects of practice method and rule use. No significant effects were found between the practice method and responses to difficult questions for the IDK and CM rules. The Control condition, which received no ground rules instruction or practice, was significantly different to the other practice conditions for the IDU rule. In addition to this, there was no significant effect of practice method or competency at using ground rules on children’s general accuracy about the event. Several possible explanations for this pattern of results are explored in the discussion section.
The Politics and Struggle of Accountability: A Case Study of Bangladesh’s Ready-Made Garment (RMG) Industry
Authors:   , Quraishi Maqbool
Published: April 2021

Accountability mechanisms such as multi-stakeholder accountability initiatives are commonly considered important to improve workers’ rights in developing countries where such rights are allegedly weak and corporate accountability practices often ignore workers’ interests. Several accountability mechanisms have been proposed and developed, but critical accounting and development literature shows accountability remains “elusive” (Belal et al., 2015, p. 55). The focus of this multi-disciplinary study is on codes of conduct (COCs) as an accountability initiative. Existing research points to problems associated with the design and operation of COCs in both developed and developing country contexts. However, these are often treated in a technical and apolitical way with little attention paid to the socio-political contexts in which accountability initiatives are embedded. This study focuses on Bangladesh’s ready-made garment (RMG) industry as a case study. The study critically evaluates the multi-stakeholder accountability initiatives and analyses the views, perspectives, ideologies, contestations and adversarial relations of the key stakeholders regarding the accountability initiatives. To achieve this, the study draws upon Brown’s (2009) dialogic accounting and other scholarly works (i.e., Fougère and Solitander, 2020; Goetz and Jenkins, 2005 and Newell, 2006) based on agonistic democracy theory. This research applies qualitative data collection methods, including interviews with a diverse range of actors and documentary sources. This study extends the recent research that emphasises the possibilities of dialogic accounting to facilitate critiques of neoliberalism and to support democratic development in accounting and accountability practice . In particular, this study extends the previous work by applying dialogic accounting in analysing the accountability initiatives (e.g., Accord and Alliance) within the context of a developing country. By identifying the discourses between powerholders (e.g., multinational brands and retailers, local factory owners) and marginalised groups (e.g., workers) in accountability practices, this study helps to surface the political contestation and provides a basis for advancing understanding of the most effective ways to ensure accountability to and for the marginalised workers. Drawing on the works of dialogic accounting scholars, this study provides an alternative perspective to reimagine accounting and accountability practices.
The Politics and Struggle of Accountability: A Case Study of Bangladesh’s Ready-Made Garment (RMG) Industry
Authors: Quraishi Maqbool
Published: April 2021

Accountability mechanisms such as multi-stakeholder accountability initiatives are commonly considered important to improve workers’ rights in developing countries where such rights are allegedly weak and corporate accountability practices often ignore workers’ interests. Several accountability mechanisms have been proposed and developed, but critical accounting and development literature shows accountability remains “elusive” (Belal et al., 2015, p. 55). The focus of this multi-disciplinary study is on codes of conduct (COCs) as an accountability initiative. Existing research points to problems associated with the design and operation of COCs in both developed and developing country contexts. However, these are often treated in a technical and apolitical way with little attention paid to the socio-political contexts in which accountability initiatives are embedded. This study focuses on Bangladesh’s ready-made garment (RMG) industry as a case study. The study critically evaluates the multi-stakeholder accountability initiatives and analyses the views, perspectives, ideologies, contestations and adversarial relations of the key stakeholders regarding the accountability initiatives. To achieve this, the study draws upon Brown’s (2009) dialogic accounting and other scholarly works (i.e., Fougère and Solitander, 2020; Goetz and Jenkins, 2005 and Newell, 2006) based on agonistic democracy theory. This research applies qualitative data collection methods, including interviews with a diverse range of actors and documentary sources. This study extends the recent research that emphasises the possibilities of dialogic accounting to facilitate critiques of neoliberalism and to support democratic development in accounting and accountability practice . In particular, this study extends the previous work by applying dialogic accounting in analysing the accountability initiatives (e.g., Accord and Alliance) within the context of a developing country. By identifying the discourses between powerholders (e.g., multinational brands and retailers, local factory owners) and marginalised groups (e.g., workers) in accountability practices, this study helps to surface the political contestation and provides a basis for advancing understanding of the most effective ways to ensure accountability to and for the marginalised workers. Drawing on the works of dialogic accounting scholars, this study provides an alternative perspective to reimagine accounting and accountability practices.
ARTISTIC AND CREATIVE ACTIVITIES IN WORKING WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Saraieva Irina
Published: April 2021

The development of children’s creativity is an urgent problem of modern pedagogy. The main goal of the educational system is to educate the younger generation of a creative approach to transform the world around them, active and independent thinking, to contribute the achievement of positive changes in the life of society. The formation of the child’s personality serves as a direction of the pedagogical process, which creates favorable emotional conditions for each child, ensures spiritual development and contributes to the formation of artistic and creative abilities of preschool children. The article deals with the problem of the development of children’s creativity by means of musical and theatrical art. The importance of cognition of musical art by preschool children is given. The structure of musicality and the ways of its research are revealed. It is noted that the child develops in the process of musical activity under the influence of the values of musical art, communication between music and adults. It was found that listening to music contributes to the development of artistic taste and the formation of value judgments. Exactly music enables the child to see the world around him in a new way because the diverse content of musical works arouses imagination, develops memory, perception, creativity, and enriches vocabulary. The article presents classification of one of the specific types of children’s activity. It is theatrical activity associated with dramatization and play, contains a creative principle and is a kind of artistic activity. Theatrical activity reveals the creative potential of the child, fosters a creative personality, teaches the child to notice interesting ideas in the world around him and to impersonate them, to create his own artistic image. It is noted that theatrical-play activity contributes to the child’s study of human feelings, fosters will, develops dreams, ideas, initiative of speech, creates a positive attitude, relieves stress, teaches how to solve conflict situations due to play. These types of art education’s activities in preschool age form the personality of the child, develop his creative abilities, direct the child’s manifestations to evaluative and control actions intuitively.
INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF IB RISK MANAGEMENT SKILLS ON THE BASIS OF DECISION-MAKING THEORY
Authors: Buriachok Volodymyr , Shevchenko Svitlana , Zhdanovа Yuliia , Skladannyi Pavlo
Published: April 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of readiness of students majoring in 125 Cybersecurity at Borys Hrinchenko Kyiv University to manage information security risks (IS) based on the decision-making theory. The interdisciplinary approach in education, namely, the integration of the disciplines "Risk Theory" and "Decision Theory", allowed to implement in the educational process the formation of practical skills of risk management of future cybersecurity professionals. Based on the achievements of didactics and psychological theories, the analysis of concepts in the field of interdisciplinary methodology is carried out and the relevance and significance of its introduction into the educational process of institution of higher education is substantiated. The peculiarities of the organization of the educational process of training bachelors of information and cyber security in the context of an interdisciplinary approach are described. The elements of the methodology of formation of practical skills of students to make managerial decisions in the conditions of risk on the basis of interdisciplinary principles are developed, theoretically presented and substantiated. It is proved that interdisciplinary exchange, integration of theoretical knowledge of disciplines contribute to new fundamental results, create preconditions for the development of practical skills, provide a holistic image of training future specialists in information and cyber security.
Yeni Bir İç Mekân Konum Bulma Sistemi
Authors: YAMAN Şeyda , GÜNDOĞDU Köksal , ÇALHAN Ali
Published: April 2021

Teknolojinin gelişimine paralel olarak konum bulma sistemleri çok önem kazanmıştır. Konum bulma sistemleri dış mekân konum bulma sistemleri ve iç mekân konum bulma sistemleri diye temel olarak iki sınıf altında toplanmıştır. Dış mekân konum bulma sistemleri genellikle GPS sinyallerini temel aldığı için iç ortamda verimli bir şekilde çalışmamaktadır. İç mekân konum bulma sistemleri gelişimini sürdürmektedir ve üzerine birçok çalışma yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, verimli bir iç mekan konum bulma sistemi oluşturabilmek için elektronik kart tasarımları gerçekleştirilmiştir. İç mekân konum bulma yöntemi için bu kartlara uygun yazılımlar hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca sistemi verimli bir şekilde analiz edebilmek için arayüz programı tasarlanmıştır. Yapılan test sonuçları ve veriler incelendiğinde iç mekân konum bulma sistemi için uygun maliyet ile yakın doğruluk değerlerine ulaşıldığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Educational Expansion and Economic Growth Nexus in Pakistan: Instrumental Variable Approach
Authors: Sarwar Ghulam , Ali Majid , Hassan Najum Ul
Published: April 2021

This study examines the relationship between economic growth and the expansion of education in Pakistan. The study utilizes 2SLS and GMM estimators to estimate the growth equations with a potential issue of endogeneity using data for the period 1973-2018. Empirical results show that educational expansion at the primary and secondary level effect economic growth positively. The evidence is quite compelling that the effect of educational expansion on economic growth is low due to the poor quality of education. Also, the lower effect of physical capital is due to lower human capital embodied in the labor force.
Keywords: human capital; economic growth; GMM; Endogeneity; Pakistan.
JEL Classification: O47, I21, C26