bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Cooperative Learning Melalui Strategi Crossword Puzzle Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Siswa Kelas 5
Authors: Siswasusila Pancahadi
Published: November 2019

The emergence of unpleasant assumptions about Islamic religious education, such as Islam is taught more on memorization that must be practiced. So the problem that is often encountered in teaching, especially teaching Islam is how to present material to students well so that the results are effective and efficient. In order for the learning of Islamic religious education (pendidikan agama Islam/PAI) on the material of the names of the books of God to be embedded in students well, then many concepts of active learning models are offered. One of them is by implementing a cooperative learning model through the crossword puzzle strategy that is expected to increase students' learning motivation. By involving them actively in the learning process, students will experience or even discover science independently. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of cooperative learning through the crossword puzzle strategy in increasing learning motivation in the Grade 5 PAI Subjects of Jombatan 1 Elementary School in Jombang Regency. The research method used is action research. In collecting data, the author uses the observation method, checklist, and participatory methods. The results of the study show that the implementation of cooperative learning through crossword puzzle strategies is effective in increasing the motivation to learn PAI subjects. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of students in working on group puzzles in PAI learning about the names of God's books. And learning that had been stiff and boring had become more alive because educators directly involved students in learning, not only listening, seeing and working on the questions given. Having been well implemented and in accordance with existing learning concepts, this could also be seen from the preparation, implementation (an application) and evaluation carried out in well-designed teaching and learning activities.
Penerapan Metode Bermain Peran Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Pada MI Kelas 2
Authors: Aini Nur
Published: November 2019

Role playing can be called a drama or imitating certain behaviors or characters that differentiate each student's position. With this method, students are expected to be able to issue their imagination in playing a character or living up to the character of a predetermined character. The research was conducted on 2nd grade students at MI Muhammadiyah 2 Kedungbanteng Tanggulangin, Sidoarjo. Method of role play a method that can be one of the solutions in the learning process in the classroom that allows learners or students the spirit in learning. And it can increase students learning interest so that students can sharpen their thinking to learn well and try hard to get a satisfactory value.
Proses Berfikir Matematis Siswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau Dari Tipe Kepribadian Keirsey
Authors: Agustin Mentari Diyin Ari
Published: November 2019

The study aims to desdescribe the process of thinking of students in solving mathematical problems in accordance with keirsey personality types, namely guardian, artisan, rational and idealist. The method in this study uses descriptive qualitative. Data collection technique in this study are observation, interviews, mathematical thinking test (TBM) using fractions. From the result of the study, the guardian, Artisan, Rational an Idealist type students all indicators of mathematical thingking, namely relationship, statements, communication, reasoning nd evidence and problem solving have been seen even though not yet in full. However, what is more visible is the Artisan personality type, after that the rational and guardian types. Idialist type is the type of personality that most often does not appear as a whole.
The Role and Importance of The Kvalimetric Formation in The Future Elementary Teachers’ Life
Authors: Hudoyqulova Sh
Published: November 2019

This paper makes investigation on the role and importance of the kvalimetric formation in the future elementary teachers’ life.  On this way, teaching methods of the Uzbek elementary education were analyzed. Major points of the development were seen in the future perspective.
Predisposing Faktor Kunjungan Balita Ke Posyandu Di Desa Ketajen Gedangan Sidoarjo
Authors: Cholifah Cholifah , Rosyidah Rafhani , Kusumawardhani Paramitha Amelia
Published: November 2019

The target achievement of balita weighing in posyandu of Desa Ketajen Gedangan 2016 is still low (56,5%) from National target (87%). Behavior of toddler visit is influenced by predisposing factor, supporting factor and pushing factor. The purpose of this research is to see the correlation of predisposing factor with visit of toddler to posyandu in Desa Ketajen Gedangan Sidoarjo. The design of the analytic study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires and secondary data by looking at KIA / KMS books. Sample 97 of 128 population that is mother mother who come to posyandu in May 2017, taken by Proportional Random sampling. Data were included in the frequency table and cross table and then analyzed bivariate using Chi Square and Exact Fisher test with α = 0,05.The result of the research is good knowledge (86%), positive attitude (89,7%), secondary education (76,3%), unemployment status (57,7%), mother age <35 years (82,5%), Regular visits (75.3%). Result of knowledge test with P = 0,000 visit, attitude with visit of underfive P = 0,014, education with toddler visit P = 0,255, job status with visit of underfive P = 0,005 and age of mother with visit of underfive P = 0,757. Conclusion of research there is correlation of knowledge, attitude, job status with toddler visit and no relation of education, age of mother with toddler visit. Suggestion of health officer can improve mother's knowledge about toddler visit through health promotion in order to have positive attitude, so mother do toddler visit to posyandu.
Hubungan Kelengkapan Elemen Konseling dengan Minat Penggunaan Kontrasepsi IUD di Wilayah Kerja PUSKESMAS Gambiran Kecamatan Mojoagung Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Aini Inayatul
Published: November 2019

Konseling adalah proses pemberian bantuan seorang kepada orang lain dalam membuat suatu keputusan atau memecahkan suatu masalah melalui pemahaman terhadap fakta-fakta, harapan dan pemasaran-pemasaran klien. Minat merupakan kecenderungan seseorang dalam bertingkah laku yang dapat diarahkan untuk memperhatikan suatu objek atau melakukan suatu aktivitas tertentu yang didorong oleh perasaan senang karena dianggap bermanfaat bagi dirinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kelengkapan elemen konseling dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi IUD di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gambiran Kecamatan Mojoagung Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analitik Korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi dan sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang ibu bersalin. Sampling penelitian ini menggunakan Total Sampling, dengan variabel independennya adalah kelengkapan elemen konseling dan variabel dependentnya yaitu minat penggunaan kontrasepsi IUD untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel digunakan uji korelasi Spearman rho. Dari analisa statistik dengan menggunakan uji statistik Spearman rho diperoleh nilai korelasi 0,630 dengan nilai probabilitas (r-value) sebesar 0,000 jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan nilai standart signifikan (a) sebesar 0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dari hasil penelitian diatas maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara kelengkapan elemen konseling dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi IUD di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gambiran, Kec. Mojoagung, Kab. Jombang.
Hubungan Antara Status Ekonomi Dengan Minat Ibu Terhadap Kontrasepsi Tubektomi Di Bpm Ny. Istianah Ernawati Desa Ketapang Tanggulangin Sidoarjo
Authors: Umaroh Muflikhatul , Frisky Elga Mia
Published: November 2019

According the first research in BPM by Mrs. Istianah Ernawati, Amd Keb Ketapang village Tanggulangin-Sidoarjo through the deployment of quotioner, obtained result from 10 respondents there are 2 (20%) respondents with high economic status, 1 (10%) respondent was very interested to use family planning tubektomi, 1 (10%) respondent was interested to use family planning tubektomi. Respondents with average economic status, 2 (20%) respondents, 1 (10%) who was very interested, 1 (10%) who was interested to use family planning Tubektomi. Respondents with under economic status, 6 (60%) respondents, 1 (10%) respondent was interested to use family planning tubektomi, 5 (50%) respondents wasn’t interested to use family planning tubektomi. From research result there are still mary mothers with low economic status who were not interested to tubektomi contraception, it happened because economic status. Analitical research design by cross sectional. Population and sample in  research is all mothers who have more than 2 children and mothers age which are more than 35 years old who came to BPM Mrs. Istianah Ernawati, Amd.Keb Ketapang village Tanggulangin-Sidoarjo with the total is 32 respondents. Instrument research used check-list. Data analyzing proccess used Korelasi Spearman Test. The result of Korelasi Spearman Test be obtained rs calculating 0,516 > rs table  0,362 that H0 is refused and H1 is accepted, so there is positive contact between economic status with mothers interest to tubektomi contraception in BPM Mrs. Istianah Ernawati, Amd.Keb Ketapang village Tanggulangin-Sidoarjo in 2015. So more and high economic status mothers and high interested mothers tubektomi contraception.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Niat Bidan dalam Pencegahan Paparan Infeksi Hiv dan Aids di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Christy Januar Dwi
Published: November 2019

Midwife is one group of health workers who have a high risk of contracting HIV infection, therefore Prevention of Infection people needed by health personnel for midwives. This study aims to find out how the intention of midwives in preventing infection in the district sidoarjoa. This research is explanatory study with cross sectional approach. This study used sample of 85 midwives in Sidoarjo District. The results of the results obtained midwife did not inted to prevent HIV / AIDS infection by 62.4%. Variables related to midwife intentions are knowledge of infection prevention, attitudes toward infection prevention, supporting facilities in infection prevention, whereas for the duration of the work there is a rather insignificant relation.
Studi Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu dalam Memilih Metode Kontrasepsi yang Sesuai Di Kelurahan Fontein Tahun 2018
Authors: Pattypeilohy Aning
Published: November 2019

Contraception or anti-Conception Control is a way to prevent conception by using tools or drugs. The purpose of this contraception is to prevent the occurrence of pregnancy, regulate the distance of the child so that a healthy family is formed both physically and spiritually. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of mothers about the selection of suitable contraceptive methods in Fontein Village in 2018. This study was a descriptive study with survey research design. The total sample of 100 people was taken in proportion to systematic random sampling. The data used are primary data obtained from filling out questionnaires by 100 respondents. Based on the results of the study showed that of 100 respondents who were well-informed 22 people (22%), quite 21 people (21%) and less 57 people (57%). Of the 100 respondents most (36%) chose the injection contraception method because of the effectiveness of their contraception. From this study it can be concluded that the level of knowledge of mothers in choosing the appropriate contraceptive method is still lacking. Suggestions for researchers for midwives and nurses who handle family planning are to maintain and always improve in the provision of counseling, information and education to further increase the knowledge of mothers in choosing the appropriate contraceptive method.
Latihan Drill sebagai Metode Efektif untuk meningkatkan Umpan Bawah pada Bola Voli di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Defrizal Defrizal , Suharjana Suharjana
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of drill training methods and approaches to play with eye-hand coordination towards increasing under-passing volleyball. This study used . There was no comparison group in the design group. The population of this study was 40 female students who participated in volleyball extracurricular activities. Data analysis techniques used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality, homogeneity test and t-test to test hypotheses, samples correlated at a significance level of 5%. Test results show that there is a drill training effect on the ability to graduate. Hypothesis testing shows the value of t arithmetic (3.33)> t table (2,080), and p value (0,003) <0,05, indicating that Ho is rejected and Ha has been accepted means that there are significant differences in improving the ability to graduate after being treated. Based on the mean (mean) shows the average > pretest. These results can be concluded that there is a significant effect of drill training on increasing the under-passing ability of women's volleyball in SD 1 .
Pembuatan Peta Timbul Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Geografi
Authors: Chandra Deded , Wilis Ratna , Frananda Hendry , Rahmi Lailatur , Arif Dian Adhetya , Wijayanto Bayu , Putra Aprizon
Published: November 2019

This article aims to improve the ability of teachers and students to make media maps arise and improve teacher understanding and ability in terms of understanding pedagogical aspects that can be seen from the process of designing a Learning Implementation Plan (LIP) especially in terms of choosing a model or learning method. This activity was held at SMAN 2 using training methods, question and answer, and practice. In accordance with the objectives of the implementation of the activity, it is expected that teachers and students have an increased ability in terms of mastery to make map media arise. Then the teacher can also improve the teacher's understanding/ability in terms of understanding pedagogical aspects that can be seen from the process of designing the LIP especially in terms of choosing a learning model. By carrying out training to improve teacher skills in developing learning media, Geography Teachers are expected to have sufficient competence in terms of designing and utilizing media so that quality learning is created.
Keefektifan Strategi Multiple Intelligences Terhdap Keterampilan Imitating Mathematical Reasoning Siswa
Authors: Handayani Mutia
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine effectiveness of Multiple Intelligences (MI) strategy to the skills of imitating mathematical reasoning fourth grade students of elementari school. The research design used is quasi experimental design with form none equivalent control group design. Data analysis technique in this reasearch include independet sample t test to determine whether there is difference effect in imitating mathematical reasoning skills between the control calss and experiment class. Then, one sample t-test to determine the effectiveness of MI strategy to students’ imitating mathematical reasoning skills. Based on the result of the hypothesis test using independent sample t test, the values of treuslt is 3,351 (ttable2,032) by significance values 0,002. Next, the result of one sample t test showed the value of tresultis 7,880 (ttable 2,110) by value of significance is 0,000. Refer from the result obtained, It can be concluded 1) there are differences of students; imitating mathematical reasoning skill among the students who use the MI strategy with students who use the conventional strategy; 2) the MI strategy is effective to increase of students’ imitating mathematical reasoning skill.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Pembelajaran Lompat Jauh Gaya Menggantung Menggunakan Pendekatan Problem-Based Learnig
Authors: Listiono Bernaditya , Winarni Sri
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe the development LKPD with PBL approach that is valid and practical. This study used the research method of developing a 4D model with test subjects in class X APHP 1 and X APL 1 at SMK N 1 Cangkringan, Sleman. The results of the teacher's practicality assessment after the LKPD applied in long jump learning in both classes met the practicality criteria with a very good category. The per- centage of students' practicality assessment of LKPD with a minimum category both in both classes fulfilled more than 80%. In class X APHP 1 as many as 100% of students stated that LKPD in the minimum category was good and in class X APL 1 as many as 93.55%. Thus LKPD hanging style long jump learning with PBL approach can be said to be valid and practical.
Pengaruh Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Collaborative Teamwork Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar
Authors: Sholeha Dwi Siti , Suyatna Agus , Herlina Kartini
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of using student worksheets based on collaborative teamwork learning on student learning achievement. The research design used was One Shot Case Study and One Group Pretest Posttest Design. The research data was taken from the value of observations and initial and final tests whose results were tested using the One Sample T-Test and Paired Sample T-Test. Based on the results of hypothesis testing using one sample t-test with Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) values obtained ≤ 0.05 so H0 is rejected, which means the average value of science process skills and collaboration skills> 72, the results of paired sample t-test the value of pretest-posttest cognitive ability has the same Sig. (2-tailed) value and below 0.05 is 0,000 so H1 is accepted, meaning that there are differences in the average pretest-posttest results using LKPD based on collaborative teamwork learning so that there is an influence of student worksheets based on collaborative teamwork learning on student learning achievement as indicated by the average value of collaboration skills and science process skills> 72.
Algoritma LPT-Branch and Bound Pada Penjadwalan Flexible Flowshop untuk Meminimasi Makespan
Authors: Utama Dana Marsetiya
Published: November 2019

This article discussed the problem of flow shop scheduling to minimize the makespan. The purpose of this article is to develop the LPT and Branch And Bound (LPT-Branch And Bound) algorithms to minimize the makespan. The proposed method is Longest Processing Time (LPT) and Branch And Bound. Stage settlement is divided into 3 parts. To proved the proposed algorithm, a numerical experiment was conducted by comparing the LPT-LN algorithm. The result of the numerical experiment shows that LPT-Branch And Bound's proposed algorithm is more efficient than the LPT-LN algorithm.
Pemodelan Sistem Traceability Halal Supply Chain dalam menjaga Integritas Produk Makanan Halal Dengan Pendekatan Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)
Authors: Haryono Haryono , Handayani Dwi Iryaning
Published: November 2019

Fraud of fake halal label products does not open halal production processes about the supply chain from upstream to downstream. Therefore, in product integrity agreements, it is necessary to implement traceability in the food supply chain as an effective tool in ensuring product halalness and ensuring food products are safe. Therefore, this study tries to make a model of halal Supply Chain Traceability in the integrity agreement of halal food products. The method used in modeling the halal supply chain traceability system using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). Elements of a halal supply chain tracking system, in addition to halal procurement, halal manufacturing, halal logistics, halal distribution, supplier traceability, producer traceability, logistics traceability, distribution traceability. ISM Modeling results in the integration of halal products are located in Quadran IV Driver Power with halal manufacturing, producer traceability, supplier traceability, Quadran III Strong-Very Driver Depends on Variables (Linkage), Traceability system elements of the halal supply chain that are in accordance with this Quadran will be sought integrity of halal products and has strong advantages as a driver, this quadrant contains halal procurement, traceability distribution, halal logistics. Whereas the halal supply chain traceability system that is not related to the integrity of halal products comes in. Quadran II Driver Power namely: halal logistics and distribution traceability.
Penggunaan Buku Ajar Pembelajaran IPA I Untuk Melatih Kecakapan Mengajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Wulandari Fitria Eka , Shofiyah Noly
Published: November 2019

At this time, there is no textbook for the Science Learning I courses at th Science Education Study Program and the way to teach students is still based on the power point used by the lecturer. As consequences, the student learning process was to be less than optimal in getting learning references. The purpose of this study was to describe the teaching skills of students after the implementation of the Science Learning Textbook I. This study used one shot case study design. The results showed that the use of Science Learning Textbook I could train students' teaching skills. The average student teaching skills were 3.45 with a percentage of 78 categorized Good.
Pengembangan Buku Dongeng Berbasis Sainsmatika untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif dan Karakter Bersahabat
Authors: Putri Agnestasia Ramadhani , Mustadi Ali
Published: November 2019

This research aims to develop an instructional material to improve students' creative thinking and friendliness. This study was developmental research applying the R&D model of Borg & Gall. The subjects were 124 fourth grade students in Yogyakarta Special Region, Gunungkidul. The data collected through interviews, tests, observations, and questionnaires. The appropriateness of the sainsmatika-based fairy tale book was ana- lyzed qualitatively and the effectiveness of it analyzed using a one-way MANOVA test at the significance level of 5%. The findings were as follows: (1) the appropriateness of the sainsmatika-based story tale book gets good category scores for the mathematical content aspect and very good category scores for the science content, media and lan- guage aspect also get very good category score from student-teacher responses. (2) The score of the effectiveness test using one-way MANOVA is 0,000<0.05. Therefore, sainsmatika-based story tale book is able to improve students' creative thinking skills and friendliness.
Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.) melalui aplikasi Vernalisasi dan Pemberian BAP (Benzil Amino Purin)
Authors: Siswadi Edi , Putri Sekar Utama , Firgiyanto Refa , Putri Clara Fajarsyah
Published: November 2019

Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari untuk berbagai pengunaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lama vernalisasi dan konsentrasi BAP (Benzil Amino Purin) serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) varietas Lumbu Hijau.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Tanaman Politeknik Negeri Jember dan Di Desa Wonokerto Kecamatan Sukapura Kabupaten Probolinggo dengan ketinggian 1400 m dpl. Rancangan percobaan  yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial. Faktor pertama yaitu lima taraf vernalisasi (0, 2, 4, 6, dan 8 Minggu), sedangkan faktor kedua lima  taraf konsentrasi (0, 50, 100, 150 dan 200 ppm). Variabel yang diamati pada percobaan ini meliputi jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, diameter umbi, jumlah siung, berat basah, dan berat kering umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemberian perlakuan lama vernalisasi mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun,  tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah siung, berat  basah, berat kering, dan diameter umbi, akan tetapi belum mampu meningkatkan lebar daun 6 MST. Waktu lama vernalisasi terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang putih diperoleh pada perlakuan 4 minggu dan 8 minggu. Pemberian perlakuan konsentrasi BAP (Benzil Amino Purin) serta interaksinya dengan lama vernalisasi masih belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bawang putih varietas Lumbu Hijau.
Efektivitas Paenibacillus polymyxa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Haur daun (Helminthosporium turcicum) pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Tuszahrohmi Nurlaela , Romadi Ugik , Kurniasari Irianti
Published: November 2019

Penyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh jamur Helminthosporium turcicum termasuk dalam penyakit penting di Indonesia dikarenakan kerugian yang disebabkan mencapai 50%. Penggunaan fungisida kimia secara terus menerus memiliki dampak negatif bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Salah satu pengendalian yang aman dan ramah lingkungan yaitu pengendalian hayati berbasis mikroorganisme antagonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas agensia hayati Paenibacillus polymyxa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dalam pengendalian penyakit hawar daun pada tanaman jagung. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0=kontrol, P1=Penyemprotan P.polymyxa 10ml L-1, P2=Penyemprotan Pseudomonas fluorescens 10ml L-1, P3= Penyemprotan P.polymyxa dan P.fluorescens 10ml L-1, P4=Penyemprotan fungisida propineb 70%. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian, jika terdapat beda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P.polymyxa mampu efektif menekan penyakit hawar daun jagung sebesar 99,89%, selain itu P.polymyxa mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol.
The Relationship Between Dental Caries and YKL-40 Levels in Saliva
Authors: Duruk Gülsüm , Laloglu Esra
Published: November 2019

Objective: YKL-40, a new biomarker of localized inflammation, is secreted by macrophages and regulates inflammation and immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate YKL-40 levels in saliva and compare the level of this mediator in oral cavity. Methods: 85 children (46 girls, 39 boys), aged 6-15 (mean±SD: 9.15±2.16) were included in this study. The children were divided into three groups: Group-I (control, n=25, DMFT/dmft=0), Group-II (n=30, exist of localized dental caries) and Group-III (n=30, exist of localized advanced dental caries). Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), DMFT/dmft, DMFS/dmfs, and the number of advanced dental caries according to the ICDAS II and PUFA/pufa index were recorded. Saliva was collected and YKL-40 concentrations were measured. One-way ANOVA withTukey post hoc, Kruskal-Wallis, multiple regression analysis, and Sperman’s correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The highest level of YKL-40 was obtained in group III, followed by groups II and I, respectively (p<0.01). In Group II, DMFT/dmft scores and the number of caries (DT/dt) were higher than in group III (p<0.01). In group III, there was a statistically significant correlation between YKL-40 levels in saliva and the number of advanced dental caries. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of age and gender (p>0.05). Conclusion: Advanced dental caries, rather than DMFT/dmft score, may play an important role in the increasing levels of YKL-40 in saliva.
P2Y6 receptor inhibition aggravates ischemic brain injury by reducing microglial phagocytosis
Authors: Wen Ruoxue , Shen Hui , Huang Shuxian , Wang Liping , Li Zongwei , Peng Peng , Mamtilahun Muyassar , Tang Yaohui , Shen Fanxia , Tian Heng-Li , Yang Guo-Yuan , Zhang Zhijun
Published: November 2019

Background Clearance of damaged cells is beneficial for the functional recovery after brain injury. Phagocytosis of tissue and cell debris is an important function of microglia during the development and pathological diseases. However, which specific phagocytic receptor mediates microglial phagocytosis after ischemic stroke is obscure. Methods ICR mice (n=59) underwent 90 minutes transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. P2Y6R, Iba1, GFAP and Tuj-1 double immunostainings were performed to determine P2Y6 receptor location. MRS2578 was injected into mice to inhibit P2Y6 receptor activity. Iba1 and TUNEL staining were performed to examine microglia phagocytosis. Modified neurological severity scores and Grid walking test were used to evaluate the neurological function after ischemic stoke. The expression of IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β and MPO was used to examine the inflammation response in the brain. Results The expression of P2Y6 receptor in microglia increased within three days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Inhibition of microglial phagocytosis by the selective inhibitor MRS2578 enlarged the brain atrophy and edema volume after ischemic stroke, subsequently aggravated neurological function using modified neurological severity scores and Grid walking test. MRS2578 treatment had no effect on the expression of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β and MPO after ischemic stroke, which suggested that it had no effect on the inflammation in the brain. Finally, we found that the expression of myosin light chain kinase decreased after microglial phagocytosis inhibition in ischemic mice, which suggested that myosin light chain kinase was involved in P2Y6 receptor mediated phagocytosis. Conclusion Our results indicated that the P2Y6 receptor mediated microglial phagocytosis played an important role during the acute stage of ischemic stroke, which was a potential target for ischemic stroke treatment.
Susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum isolates to antimalarial drugs in a highly seasonal malaria endemic village in Mali
Authors: Traoré Karim , Diakité Seidina AS , Bah Sekou , Konaté Drissa S , Dabitao Djeneba , Sanogo Ibrahim , Sangaré Modibo , Dama Souleymane , Keita Bourama , Doumbouya Mory , Guindo Merepen A , Diakité Mahamadou
Published: November 2019

Background: In 2006, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) in Mali recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Since the introduction of ACT, few reports are available on the level of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) to antimalarial drugs in Mali. Dihydroartermisinin is the active metabolite of artemisinin derivatives. Here, we conducted an ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing in a rural area of southern Mali, namely the Kéniéroba village from 2016 to 2017. Methods: Seventy-five (75) isolates of P. falciparum were successfully evaluated for ex-vivo sensitivity to key anti-malarial drugs, namely chloroquine (CQ), quinine (QN), amodiaquine (AQ), mefloquine (MQ), lumefantrine (LUM), dihydroartermisinin (DHA) , and piperaquine (PPQ). P. falciparum sensitivity to these drugs was assessed using the World Wide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) SYBR-GREEN method of inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) determination. Reduced sensitivity to antimalarial drugs was defined as IC50 less than the WWARN standard IC50. Results: The proportion of resistant P. falciparum isolates was 20.2% for CQ, 40.5% for QN, 6.8% for AQ, and 1.3% for MQ. All tested P. falciparum isolates were sensitive to LUM, DHA, and PPQ. A statistically significant correlation was found between QN and AQ IC50 values (r = 0.80; r2 = 0.64, P<0.0001). Conclusions: P. falciparum isolates were sensitive to all ACT derivates tested in Kenieroba in Mali. In contrast, P. falciparum isolates were resistant to, CQ, QN, and AQ as evidenced by high IC50 to these drugs.
Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of microRNAs genes during SE and in different organs/tissues in Dimocarpus longan Lour.
Authors: Lin Yuling , Chen Yan , Zeng Youjing , Zhang Shuting , Zhang Zihao , Gong Jiawei , Lai Zhongxiong
Published: November 2019

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a conserved class of single-stranded noncoding RNAs, which regulate growth and development, hormone response, and stress responses in plant. Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an important fruit tree with medicinal value and considerable economic value. However, there is no research on genome-wide identification of miRNAs genes in longan.Results Here, we conducted a genome-wide survey of longan miRNA genes, characterizing their structure and expression. A total of 88 miRNA precursors comprised of 30 known miRNA families and three undefined miRNA families were obtained. Of the 30 known longan miRNA families, 16 were represented by multiple loci in longan genome, which were also found more diverse in genome loci numbers in other plants; and four of them, involving miR395, -399, -477, and -3627 families, were identified as miRNA clusters genes; Among the 16 miRNA families, the conserved region as mature miRNA, as would be expected, and the loop region sequences of miRNA genes were divergent. Further, amplification and characterization of the longan pri-miRNA genes were carried out, and the upstream transcription 5 'region of 19 miRNAs and the downstream transcription 3' region of 12 miRNAs with typical poly (a) tails were obtained, showing that longan miRNAs genes possess multiple transcription start sites (TSSs) or polymorphism trait, suggesting pri-miRNA has similar transcription specialty as protein-encoding genes. Subsequently, promoter cis-element analysis on longan miRNA genes showed that the top three most abundant cis-elements were light-responsive elements, stress- responsive elements, and hormone responsive elements. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that pre-miRNAs were differentially expressed during the early stages of longan somatic embryogenesis, and the most number of highly expressed pre-miRNAs were detected in anther samples in different organs/tissues types of longan,Conclusion This is the first report concerning genome-wide identification and expression profiling of microRNAs genes, and will serve as a foundation for future research into the functional roles of miRNA genes in longan.
Ellagic acid produces neuroprotection against LPS-induced dopamine neurotoxicity via the inhibition of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: He Xue-mei , Yang Qiu-yu , He Jing-yi , Sheng Shuo , Li Jing-jie , Li Dai-di , Wang Guo-qing , Zhang Feng
Published: November 2019

Background: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathological process of Parkinson's disease (PD). Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was highly located in microglia and involved in the process of neuroinflammation. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome has been confirmed to contribute to the progression of PD. Thus, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasomes activation could be an important breakthrough point in PD drug therapy. Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural polyphenol that has been widely found in soft fruits, nuts and other plant tissues with various anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However, the mechanisms underlying EA-mediated anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection have not been fully elucidated. Methods: In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat dopamine (DA) neuronal damage model was performed to determine the effects of EA on the protection of DA neurons. Furthermore, DA neuron MN 9D cell line and microglia BV-2 cell line were employed to explore whether EA-mediated neuroprotection was through an NLRP3-dependent mechanism . Results: EA ameliorat ed LPS-induced DA neuronal loss in rat substantia nigra. Furtherly, inhibition of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome signaling activation was involved in EA-generated neuroprotection, as evidenced by the following observations. First, EA reduced NLRP3 inflammasome signaling activation in microglia and the subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokines excretion. In addition, EA-mediated anti-neuroinflammation and further DA neuroprotection from LPS-induced neurotoxicity was not shown upon microglial NLRP3 siRNA treatment. Conclusions: This study demonstrated EA has a profound effect on protecting DA neurons against LPS-induced neurotoxicity via the suppression of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome signaling activation.
Current Physical Therapy Practice in the Intensive Care Unit in Saudi Arabia: A Multiple Centre Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Kashoo Faizan Zaffar , Alqahtani Mazen , Alzhrani Msaad , Ahmad Fuzial , Ahmad Mehrunnisha , Alhusaini Adel , Melam Ganeswararao , Buragadda Syamala
Published: November 2019

Background: Early mobilization of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with positive health benefits. The available literature does not provide insights into the current status of physical therapy practice in the ICU in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). To determine the current standard of ICU physical therapy practice, attitude, and barriers, an online survey was administered to KSA physiotherapists (PTs) working in the hospitals. Methods: A total of 124 PTs volunteered to participate, and the questionnaire consisted of closed-ended questions with regard to their experiences, qualifications, barriers, and most frequently encountered case scenarios in the ICU. Results: The most commonly referred cases were traumatic paraplegia (n=111, 89%) and stroke (n=102, 82.3%) compared to congestive road traffic accidents (n=20, 16.1%) and pulmonary infections (n=7, 5.6%). The preferred treatment of choice among PTs was chest physiotherapy (n=102, 82.2%) and positioning (n=73, 58.8%), whereas functional electrical stimulation (n=12, 9.6%) was the least preferred choice of physical therapy, irrespective of the condition. The perceived barriers in ICU physical therapy management was low confidence in managing cases (n=89, 71.7%), followed by inadequate training (n=53, 42.7%), and the least mentioned barrier was a communication gap among the critical care team members (n=8, 6.4%). Conclusion: PTs reported significant variation in the choice of treatment for different clinical case scenarios in the ICU. Several facilitators and barriers to physical therapy management should be taken into account to improve ICU recovery. Among the most important barriers are low confidence and inadequate training and strategies needed to overcome these barriers.
Optical quality analysis system assessed optical quality in Chinese Primary Open Angle Glaucoma patients and its correlations with psychological disturbances and vision related quality of life
Authors: Zhang Yang , Bian Ailing , Hang Qijun , Zhou Qi
Published: November 2019

Purpose To investigate if optical quality assessed by Optical Quality Analysis System(OQAS)is a new factor for psychological disturbance and vision related quality of life(QoL) in Chinese patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods Cross-sectional study. OQAS, automated static perimetry, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Questionnaire and the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) were used to assess optical quality, vision field, psychological health and QoL in 64 POAG patients. Correlation between the OQAS parameters and QoL or psychological health was analyzed by linear regression model.Results OQAS parameters, the modulation transfer function cut off frequency (MTF cutoff) and the mean OQAS values (mean OV), were significantly related to mean deviation (MD). Statistically significant correlation was also found between MTF cutoff, the mean OV and QoL in more than half of the NEI VFQ-25 subscale scores and the composite. The correlation coefficients between OQAS parameters and QoL were similar to those between MD and QoL in most of the subscale scores. HADS-Depression and HADS-Anxiety scores significantly correlated with MD in the worse eye, the composite and 3subscales of NEI VFQ-25, general health, social function and mental health, but uncorrelated with optical quality parameters measured by OQAS.Conclusions OQAS assessed optic quality is negatively related to MD and is a valid indicator for vision related QoL, but not for psychological health in our study group. OQAS might be an alternative or supplement to perimeter in POAG patients.
Diagnostic accuracy of videofluoroscopy for symptomatic cervical spine injury following whiplash trauma
Authors: Freeman Michael D , Katz Evan A , Rosa Scott L. , Gatterman Bryan D , Strömmer Ellen M F , Leith Wendy M
Published: November 2019

BackgroundIntervertebral instability is a relatively common finding among patients with chronic neck pain after whiplash trauma. Videofluoroscopy (VF) of the cervical spine is a potentially sensitive diagnostic tool for evaluating instability, as it offers the ability to examine relative intervertebral movement over time, and across the entire continuum of voluntary movement of the patient. At the present time there are no studies of the diagnostic accuracy of VF for discriminating between injured and uninjured populations.MethodsSymptomatic (injured) study subjects were recruited from consecutive patients with chronic (>6 weeks) post-whiplash pain presenting to medical and chiropractic offices equipped with VF facilities. Asymptomatic (uninjured) volunteers were recruited from family and friends of patients. Ethical review and oversight was provided by the Spinal Injury Foundation, Broomfield, CO. Three statistical models were utilized to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of positive VF findings to correctly discriminate between injured and injured subjects. ResultsAll 3 models demonstrated high levels of sensitivity and specificity (i.e. ROC values of 0.71 to 0.95), however, the model with the greatest practical clinical utility was based on the number of abnormal VF findings. For 2+ abnormal VF findings the ROC was 0.88 (93% sensitivity, 79% specificity), and the PPV and NPV were both 88%. ConclusionsVideofluoroscopic examination of the cervical spine provides a high degree of diagnostic accuracy for identification of vertebral instability in patients with chronic pain stemming from whiplash trauma.
Biometric indicators of Eyes with Occult Lens Subluxation inducing Secondary Acute Angle Closure
Authors: Xing Xiaoli , Huang Liangyu , Tian Fang , Zhang Yan , Lv Yingjuan , Liu Wei , Liu AihuaLiu
Published: November 2019

Background :
To compare the anterior biometricsof eyes with secondary acute angle closure induced by occult lens subluxation (ASAC-LS), which were misdiagnosed at the first visit withacute primary angle closure (APAC), chronic primary angle closure glaucoma (CPACG), or cataracts.
Methods: This retrospective case series ncluded 17 eyes with angle closure due to occult LS which were misdiagnosed with APAC at the first visit, 56 APACeyes, 54 CPACGeyes, and 56 cataracteyes. The axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth (AD), and lens thickness (LT) were recorded. The lens position (LP), relative lens position (RLP), and corrected lens position (CLP) were calculated. Quantitative data were subject to a one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Categorical data were analysed using the chi-squared test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to obtain a suitable cut-off value for ocular biometrics.
Results: The ASAC-LSpatients had a longer ocular AL than the APACand CPACGpatients. The CCTinthe ASAC-LS patientsdid not significantly differ from that in the APAC patientsbut did significantly differ from that of the CPACG and cataract patients.The APAC patientshad the smallest ACD, while the ASAC-LS patientshad the smallest AD. The ASAC-LS patientshad the thickest lenses. According to the ROC curve analysis, the RLP, ACD, AD, CLP, and LP hada high power of discrimination.
Conclusions: This study revealed that ASAC-LS patients had a shallower AD and thicker CCT compared to APAC, CPACG, and cataract patients. Biometric parameters ACD, ADwere characteristic of lens subluxation according to our data. The calculated parameters RLP,CLP, LP can be helpful in the differential diagnosis between ASAC-LSand APAC, CPACG, Cataract.
Trial registration: NCT03752710, retrospectively registered. Keywords:Lens subluxation; Acute angle-closure; Biometry; Anterior chamber depth; Lens thickness; Axial length
Linearized regime of the generalized hydrodynamics with diffusion
Authors: Panfil Milosz , Pawełczyk Jacek
Published: November 2019

We consider the generalized hydrodynamics including the recently
introduced diffusion term for an initially inhomogeneous state in the
Lieb-Liniger model. We construct a general solution to the linearized
hydrodynamics equation in terms of the eigenstates of the evolution
operator and study two prototypical classes of initial states:
delocalized and localized spatially. We exhibit some general features of
the resulting dynamics, among them, we highlight the difference between
the ballistic and diffusive evolution. The first one governs a spatial
scrambling, the second, a scrambling of the quasi-particles content. We
also go one step beyond the linear regime and discuss the evolution of
the zero momentum mode that does not evolve in the linear regime.
Role of Vitamin D in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Alzghoul Loai
Published: November 2019

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder with heterogeneous etiology. Vitamin D can function as a fat-soluble vitamin as well as a hormone, and can exert its effect through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. In the last decades, several studies have examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and ASD. These studies demonstrated that low vitamin D status in early development has been hypothesized as an environmental risk factor for ASD. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency in early life can alter brain development, dysregulates neurotransmitter balance in the brain, decreases body and brain antioxidant ability, and alters the immune system in ways that resemble pathological features commonly seen in ASD. In this review, we focused on the association between vitamin D and ASD. In addition, the above-mentioned mechanisms of action that link vitamin D deficiency with ASD were also discussed. Finally, clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation treatment of ASD have also been discussed.
Growth Factors as Tools in Photoreceptor Cell Regeneration and Vision Recovery
Authors: Forouzanfar Fatemeh , Shojapour Mana , Aghili Zahra Sadat , Asgharzade Samira
Published: November 2019

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Photoreceptor loss is a major cause of blindness around the world. Stem cell therapy offers a new strategy in retina degenerative disease. Retinal progenitors can be derived from embryonic stem cells (ESC) in vitro, but cannot be processed to a mature state. In addition, the adult recipient retina presents a very different environment than the photoreceptor precursor donor.

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It seems that modulation of the recipient environment by ectopic development regulated growth factors for transplanted cells could generate efficient putative photoreceptors. The purpose of this review article was to investigate the signaling pathway of growth factors including: insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), fibroblast growth factors (FGF), Nerve growth factor (NGF), Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Taurin and Retinoic acid (RA) involved in the differentiation of neuroretina cell, like; photoreceptor and retinal progenitor cells. Given the results available in the related literature, the differentiation efficacy of ESCs toward the photoreceptor and retinal neurons and the important role of growth factors in activating signaling pathways such as Akt, Ras/Raf1/ and ERKs also inhibit the ASK1/JNK apoptosis pathway. Manipulating differentiated culture, growth factors can influence photoreceptor transplantation efficiency in retinal degenerative disease.