bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
All-dielectric six-foci metalens for infrared polarization detection based on Stokes space
Authors: Hou Enzhu , Liang Zhongzhu , Shi Xiaoyan , Yang Fuming , Dong Yongjun , Wu Zhe , Dai Rui , Liu Hua , Li Sixuan
Published: October 2023

The detection technology of infrared polarization has gained significant attention due to its ability to provide better identification and obtain more information about the target. In this paper, based on the expression of the full polarization state in Stokes space, we designed micro-nano metasurface functional arrays to calculate the polarization state of the incident light by reading the Stokes parameters (a set of parameters that describe the polarization state). Metalens with linear and circular polarization-dependent functions are designed based on the propagation and geometric phases of the dielectric Si meta-atoms in the infrared band, respectively. The device exhibits a high polarization extinction ratio. The influence of incident angle on polarization-dependent metalens is discussed, and the analysis of incident angle is of great significance for the practical application. An infrared six-foci metalens is proposed, each corresponding to the Poincaré sphere's coordinate component (a graphical polarization state method). By matching the six polarization components of the incident light and the Stokes parameters, the polarization detection function can be realized by calculating the polarization state of the incident light. There is a slight error between the theoretical value and the calculated value of the unit coordinate component of the Stokes parameters. At the same time, the intensity distribution of different incident light polarization azimuth angles and ellipticity angles on the focal plane agrees with the theory. The advantage of the device is that the polarization state of the incident light can be directly calculated without passing through other components. The six-foci metalens have potential applications in polarization detection and imaging, space remote sensing, etc.
High-sensitivity self-powered photodetector based on an in-situ prepared CsPbBr3 microwire/InGaN heterojunction
Authors: Sun Lingling , Li Jitao , Han Jiajia , Meng Ming , Li Binghui , Jiang Mingming
Published: October 2023

Low-dimensional CsPbBr3 perovskite materials have gained widespread attention, derived from their remarkable properties and potential for numerous optoelectronic applications. Herein, the sample of CsPbBr3 microwires were prepared horizontally onto n-type InGaN film substrate using an in-plane solution growth method. The resulting CsPbBr3 microwire/InGaN heterojunction allows for the achievement of a highly sensitive and broadband photodetector. Particularly for the implementation in a self-supplying manner, the best-performing photodetector can achieve a superior On/Off ratio of 4.6×105, the largest responsivity ∼ 800.0 mA/W, a maximum detectivity surpassing 4.6× 1012 Jones, and a high external quantum efficiency approaching 86.5% upon 405 nm light illumination. A rapid response time (∼ 4.48 ms/7.68 ms) was also achieved. The as-designed CsPbBr3 microwire/InGaN heterojunction device without any encapsulation exhibits superior comprehensive stability. Besides, the device featuring as a single pixel imaging unit can readily detect simple images under broadband light illumination with a high spatial resolution, acknowledging its outstanding imaging capability. The robust photodetection properties could be derived from the intense absorption of CsPbBr3 MWs and high-efficiency charge carriers transporting toward the in-situ formed CsPbBr3/InGaN heterointerface. The results may offer an available strategy for the in-situ construction of best-performing low-dimensional perovskite heterojunction optoelectronic devices.
Multi-band all-silicon TM-pass polarizer based on one-dimensional photonic crystals nanohole array
Authors: Cheng Guanglian , Li Qiyuan , Yi Qiyuan , Yan Zhiwei , Xu Fanglu , Xiong Xinzhe , Shen Zengfan , Sima Chaotan , Li Haicheng , Shen Li
Published: October 2023

We propose an on-chip transverse magnetic (TM)-pass polarizer utilizing one-dimensional photonic crystals for multi-band operation. The TE0 modes in the 1550/2000nm wave band are suppressed by carefully selecting the pitch lengths of the nanoholes, leveraging the bandgap of the nanohole array. Conversely, the TM0 modes remain almost unaffected. The TM-pass polarizer employs a single-etched design on a standard 220 nm SOI platform and has a compact length of ∼ 17.9 µm. The simulated bandwidths (BWs) for polarization extinction ratios (PERs) > 20 dB and > 25 dB are about 210 nm and 195 nm for the 1550 nm wave band, and 265 nm and 240 nm for the 2000nm wave band. Moreover, the insertion losses (ILs) are ∼ 0.5/0.3 dB at wavelengths of 1550/2000nm, respectively. For the fabricated device, the measured BWs for PER > 20 dB and > 25 dB are evaluated to be larger than 100 nm for both 1550/2000nm wave bands. The measured ILs are 1/0.8 dB at wavelengths of 1550/2000nm. This straightforward and compatible design opens possibilities for the development of practical multi-band silicon photonic integrated circuits.
BER for a space uplink laser communication system under an actual optical distortion with a cake-cutting method
Authors: Li Mi , Wu Zheng , Wang Yisi , Feng Yuan , Zhang Chuanbo , Su Zhiyuan , Feng Zekun , Jiang Yijun
Published: October 2023

A numerical calculating model is proposed for characterizing the BER performance of the detector working among the 2-D asymmetric distorted spot on the effects of atmospheric turbulence under weak turbulent conditions. Based on the isotropy of the beam wander effect, we introduce a beam wander vector to describe the behavior of the detector drifting among the receiving plane. Furthermore, using the cake-cutting method, the overall PDF of the light intensity is approximated by the average PDF of light intensity intercepted by the detector drifting in all different directions. The results demonstrate that the model obtains the overall PDF of the light intensity received by the detector and analyzes the BER performance of the communication system efficiently. Being an extension of the traditional 1-D calculation, our proposed model has important implications for designing the space uplink optical communication system.
Communities of Quantum Technologies: Stakeholder Identification, Legitimation, and Interaction
Authors: Umbrello Steven , Seskir Zeki , Vermaas Pieter
Published: October 2023

This paper focuses on stakeholder identification as per the value sensitive design (VSD) approach applied to the context of quantum technologies (QT) and contributes to a better understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of the QT landscape. We provide two comprehensive lists of stakeholders as starting points for VSD researchers and practitioners. These lists encompass a diverse range of organizations, including private companies, government agencies, NGOs, partnerships, and professional/trade organizations. Our aim is to facilitate the recognition, legitimation, and understanding of stakeholder interactions in the development of QT. These stakeholder lists lay a foundation for designing and implementing policies and strategies that promote the ethical and responsible development of QT, considering the values and interests of various stakeholders. Furthermore, these lists enable empirical and technical studies on specific QT innovations using an ethics-by-design approach like VSD.
The effect of repeated porcelain firings on the marginal fit of millable and conventional casting alloys
Authors: Giti Rashin , Hosseinpour Aghaei Mahdi , Mohammadi Farhad
Published: October 2023

The durability of dental restorations is highly determined by an accurate marginal fit, which is in turn affected by the high temperature of porcelain firing. Information is inadequate about the marginal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated by soft metal milling technologies after repeated firings. This study aimed to compare the effect of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal fit of copings fabricated from cobalt-chromium through soft metal milling and a conventional nickel-chromium casting alloy. A single standard brass die was designed, machined, and scanned, based on which, 20 frameworks were designed and fabricated through either soft metal milling or conventional casting (n = 10 per group) and porcelain veneered. The vertical marginal fit of the metal copings was measured after 3, 5, and 7 firing cycles by using a digital microscope on 16 points around the finish line of the metal die at ×80 magnification. The data were analyzed through repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test (α = 0.05). The marginal fit of neither metal group was significantly affected by the number of firing cycles (P = 0.747). However, the marginal discrepancy was statistically lower in the soft metal milling group than that in the casting group (P<0.001). Repeated porcelain firings did not significantly affect the marginal fit of either alloy and remained within the clinically acceptable range after firings. However, the milled alloy had superior marginal fit regardless of the number of firing cycles.
Sex and age differences in the use of medications for diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors among 25,733 people with diabetes
Authors: Lee Crystal M. Y. , Gibson Alice A. , Humphries Jacob , Nassar Natasha , Colagiuri Stephen
Published: October 2023

Aim

To determine sex and age differences in the use of medications for diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in people with diabetes in Australia.

Methods

Pharmaceutical claims data of participants in the 45 and Up Study who self-reported having diabetes before 2013, were alive on 1st January 2013 and had at least one medication dispensing record between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2019 were analysed. Annual sex and age-specific percentages of participants supplied specific medications were estimated for years 2013 to 2019. Percentages were reported for any glucose lowering medications and by drug class, any lipid modifying agents, and any blood pressure lowering medications.

Results

Altogether 25,733 participants (45.2% women) with diabetes were included. The percentage of participants who were supplied with glucose lowering medications was consistently lower in women compared to men. In both sexes, the percentage of participants who were supplied with glucose lowering medications was lowest among those aged ≥75 years and this decreased over time. Similar findings were observed for lipid modifying agents and blood pressure lowering medications. The use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors increased substantially in participants aged <75 years since it became available in 2013. However, no sex differences were observed in its use among people with hospital-recorded history of cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions

Practitioners should be aware of possible sex disparities in the pharmacological treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in people with diabetes in Australia. There is a possible time lag between reporting of research findings and uptake of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors prescribing in individuals with diabetes and high cardiovascular risk in clinical practice, nevertheless, the result observed was consistent with the management guidelines at the time of the study.
Does globalization and ecological footprint in OECD lead to national happiness
Authors: Wang Yueying , Arshed Noman , Ghulam Shabeer Muhammad , Munir Mubbasher , Rehman Hafeez ur , Khan Yousaf Ali
Published: October 2023

This study examines the relationship between globalization, ecological footprint, innovation, and subjective wellbeing in the form of happiness, using a comprehensive assessment of OECD countries from 2008 to 2020. The study employs FGLS, Quantile, and Bootstrap Quantile regression estimation to investigate the quadratic effects of globalization, ecological footprint, and the moderating effect of innovation while controlling for renewable energy and population density. Happiness is a multidisciplinary subject, and this study focuses on the economic dimensions of happiness. The findings reveal a nonlinear relationship between ecological footprint and globalization, with negative effects on subjective wellbeing at high levels of ecological footprint and globalization. However, the moderating effect of innovation mitigates these adverse effects, indicating that innovation can help to offset the detrimental impacts of ecological footprint and globalization on subjective wellbeing. The study’s implications are significant for policymakers promoting sustainable economic growth while enhancing subjective wellbeing. The findings highlight the importance of investing in innovation and sustainable development to promote subjective wellbeing in the face of increasing ecological footprint and globalization. Additionally, this research contributes to the multidisciplinary understanding of happiness and provides valuable insights for future research in this area.
Serum reactivity to citrullinated protein/peptide antigens and left ventricular structure and function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Hughes-Austin Jan M. , Katz Ronit , Majka Darcy S. , Criqui Michael H. , Robinson William H. , Firestein Gary S. , Hundley W. Gregory , Ix Joachim H.
Published: October 2023

Background

Antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens have been linked to altered left ventricular (LV) structure and function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum reactivity to several citrullinated protein/peptide antigens has been identified in RA, which are detectable years before RA onset and in individuals who may never develop RA. Among community-living individuals without heart failure (HF) at baseline in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), we investigated associations between serum reactivity to citrullinated protein/peptide antigens, LV mass, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), and incident HF.

Methods

Among 1232 MESA participants, we measured serum reactivity to 28 different citrullinated proteins/peptides using a multiplex bead-based array. Each antibody was defined as having extremely high reactivity (EHR) if >95th percentile cut-off in MESA. Number of EHR antibody responses to citrullinated protein/peptide antigens were summed for each participant (range 0–28). LV mass(g) and LVEF(%) were measured on cardiac MRI. Associations between EHR antibodies and LV mass and LVEF were evaluated using linear regression. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations between EHR antibodies and incident HF during 11 years of follow-up, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, use of anti-hypertensive medications, self-reported arthritis, IL-6, body surface area, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Results

Mean age was 65±10, 50% were female, 40% were White, 21% were Black, 26% were Hispanic/Latino, and 14% were Chinese. Twenty-seven percent of MESA participants had extremely high reactivity to ≥ 1 citrullinated protein/peptide antigen. In fully adjusted analysis, every additional EHR antibody was significantly associated with 0.1% lower LVEF (95% CI: -0.17%, -0.02%). No association was observed with LV mass (β per additional EHR antibody) = 0.13±0.15 (p = 0.37)). Neither the presence nor number of EHR antibodies was associated with incident HF during follow-up (HR per additional EHR antibody = 1.008 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.05)).

Conclusion

Greater number of extremely highly reactive antibodies was associated with lower LVEF, but not with LV mass or incident HF. Thus, serum reactivity to citrullinated protein/peptide antigens was associated with subtle subclinical changes in myocardial contractility, but the significance in relation to clinically apparent HF is uncertain.
Associations between smokers’ knowledge of causes of smoking harm and related beliefs and behaviors: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey
Authors: King Bill , Borland Ron , Le Grande Michael , Diaz Destiny , O’Connor Richard , East Katherine , Taylor Eve , Gartner Coral , Yong Hua-Hie
Published: October 2023

Background

Most smokers know that smoking is harmful to health, but less is known about their understanding of what causes the harms. The primary aim was to examine smokers’ perceptions of the relative contributions to smoking-related morbidity from combustion products, nicotine, other substances present in unburned tobacco, and additives. A secondary aim was to evaluate the association of these perceptions with nicotine vaping product use intentions, and quitting motivation/intentions.

Methods

Participants were current smokers and recent ex-smokers from Australia, Canada, England and the United States (N = 12,904, including 8511 daily smokers), surveyed in the 2018 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey. Respondents reported on how much they thought combustion products, nicotine, chemicals in the tobacco and additives in cigarettes contribute to smoking-related morbidity (none/very little; some but less than half; around half; more than half; all or nearly all of it; don’t know).

Results

Overall, 4% of participants provided estimates for all four component causes that fell within the ranges classified correct, with younger respondents and those from England most likely to be correct. Respondents who rated combustion as clearly more important than nicotine in causing harm (25%) were the least likely to be smoking daily and more likely to have quit and/or to be vaping. Among daily smokers, all four cause estimates were independently related to overall health worry and extent of wanting to quit, but the relative rating of combustion compared to nicotine did not add to prediction. Those who answered ‘don’t know’ to the sources of harm questions and those suggesting very little harm were consistently least interested in quitting.

Conclusions

Most smokers’ knowledge of specific causes of harm is currently inadequate and could impact their informed decision-making ability.
Odor-evoked transcriptomics of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Mappin Fredis , Bellantuono Anthony J. , Ebrahimi Babak , DeGennaro Matthew
Published: October 2023

Modulation of odorant receptors mRNA induced by prolonged odor exposure is highly correlated with ligand-receptor interactions in Drosophila as well as mammals of the Muridae family. If this response feature is conserved in other organisms, this presents an intriguing initial screening tool when searching for novel receptor-ligand interactions in species with predominantly orphan olfactory receptors. We demonstrate that mRNA modulation in response to 1-octen-3-ol odor exposure occurs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. To investigate gene expression patterns at a global level, we generated an odor-evoked transcriptome associated with 1-octen-3-ol odor exposure. Transcriptomic data revealed that ORs and OBPs were transcriptionally responsive whereas other chemosensory gene families showed little to no differential expression. Alongside chemosensory gene expression changes, transcriptomic analysis found that prolonged exposure to 1-octen-3-ol modulated xenobiotic response genes, primarily members of the cytochrome P450, insect cuticle proteins, and glucuronosyltransferases families. Together, these findings suggest that mRNA transcriptional modulation of olfactory receptors caused by prolonged odor exposure is pervasive across taxa and can be accompanied by the activation of xenobiotic responses.
Extended difficulties following the use of psychedelic drugs: A mixed methods study
Authors: Evans Jules , Robinson Oliver C. , Argyri Eirini Ketzitzidou , Suseelan Shayam , Murphy-Beiner Ashleigh , McAlpine Rosalind , Luke David , Michelle Katrina , Prideaux Ed
Published: October 2023

Long-term adverse experiences following psychedelic use can persist for weeks, months, or even years, and are relatively unexplored in psychedelic research. Our convergent mixed-method study gained quantitative and qualitative data from 608 participants who reported extended difficulties following psychedelic experiences. Data was gathered on the context of use, the nature and duration of the challenges they experienced (including a written description of these), plus a range of possible risk factors and perceived causes. The most common forms of extended difficulty were feelings of anxiety and fear, existential struggle, social disconnection, depersonalization and derealization. For approximately one-third of the participants, problems persisted for over a year, and for a sixth, they endured for more than three years. It was found that a shorter duration of difficulties was predicted by knowledge of dose, drug type and lower levels of difficulty reported during the psychoactive experience, while a narrower range of difficulties was predicted by taking the drug in a guided setting. Implications for psychedelic harm reduction are discussed.
Screening of C. auris among Candida isolates from various tertiary care institutions in Lahore by VITEK 2 and real time PCR based molecular technique
Authors: Huma Zill-e- , Saleem Sidrah , Imran Muhammad , Jabeen Kokab , Arshad Faiqa , Amar Ali
Published: October 2023

Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant pathogen, that is a well-known cause of nosocomial infections. This pathogen is being identified using advanced diagnostic approaches and epidemiological typing procedures. In underdeveloped nations, several researchers developed and validated a low-cost approach for reliably identifying Candida auris. The goal of this study was to assess the burden of Candida auris in different teaching hospitals of Lahore and to limit its spread to minimize hospital-related illnesses. Candida isolates were obtained from various tertiary care institutions in Lahore in the form of culture on various culture plates. Sabouraud agar culture plates were used to culture the Candida spp. Fluconazole-resistant Candida species were chosen for further identification using VITEK 2 Compact ID and molecular identification using species-specific PCR assay. The current study obtained 636 Candida samples from several tertiary care institutions in Lahore. Fluconazole resistance was found in 248 (38.9%) of 636 Candida samples. No isolate was identified as Candida auris by VITEK 2 Compact ID and real-time PCR-based molecular identification. Thus with limited resources, these two methods may serve as useful screens for Candida auris. However, it should be screened all over the country to limit its spread to break the chain of nosocomial infections.
Mitochondrial thermogenesis in cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyue , Hu Yi
Published: October 2023

Organisms, following the laws of thermodynamics, require a constant supply of energy to maintain their daily activities. Catabolism, a controlled degradation process, not only releases Gibbs free energy and regenerates ATP but also dissipates excess energy as heat. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms governing heat production within cells remain elusive, and intracellular temperature remains a topic of inquiry. Numerous efforts have been made to develop thermosensors such as quantum dot-based nanoparticles, gold nanoclusters, and thermoresponsive probes, significantly advancing our ability to study intracellular temperature. Mitochondria, significant energy providers in the form of ATP, are strongly implicated in thermogenesis. In addition to energy production, mitochondria are pivotal in various signaling pathways, including calcium homeostasis, cellular redox state, and apoptosis. Simultaneously, they are central to various pathogenic processes, including cancer development. This dual role underscores the potential involvement of mitochondria in thermogenesis across cancer cells. Understanding this intersection is critical, as unraveling the mechanisms of mitochondrial thermogenesis in cancer cells may pave the way for innovative, targeted cancer therapies.
HEATR5B associates with dynein‐dynactin and promotes motility of AP1‐bound endosomal membranes
Authors: Madan Vanesa , Albacete‐Albacete Lucas , Jin Li , Scaturro Pietro , Watson Joseph L , Muschalik Nadine , Begum Farida , Boulanger Jérôme , Bauer Karl , Kiebler Michael A , Derivery Emmanuel , Bullock Simon L
Published: October 2023

The microtubule motor dynein mediates polarised trafficking of a wide variety of organelles, vesicles and macromolecules. These functions are dependent on the dynactin complex, which helps recruit cargoes to dynein's tail and activates motor movement. How the dynein‐dynactin complex orchestrates trafficking of diverse cargoes is unclear. Here, we identify HEATR5B, an interactor of the adaptor protein‐1 (AP1) clathrin adaptor complex, as a novel player in dynein‐dynactin function. HEATR5B was recovered in a biochemical screen for proteins whose association with the dynein tail is augmented by dynactin. We show that HEATR5B binds directly to the dynein tail and dynactin and stimulates motility of AP1‐associated endosomal membranes in human cells. We also demonstrate that the Drosophila HEATR5B homologue is an essential gene that selectively promotes dynein‐based transport of AP1‐bound membranes to the Golgi apparatus. As HEATR5B lacks the coiled‐coil architecture typical of dynein adaptors, our data point to a non‐canonical process orchestrating motor function on a specific cargo. We additionally show that HEATR5B promotes association of AP1 with endosomal membranes independently of dynein. Thus, HEATR5B co‐ordinates multiple events in AP1‐based trafficking.
ANALYSIS OF GAMMA-RAY SPECTRUM OBTAINED WITH CDZNTE-DETECTORS USING THE ROOT CERN SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK
Authors: Anisimov Volodymir O. , Maslov Oleh V. , Mokritskiy Vadim A.
Published: October 2023

Semiconductor CdZnTe gamma spectrometers allow the implementation of new radiation monitoring technologies. However, the energy resolution from 5 to 10 keV and the small size of the detector may result in the detector being unable to resolve photopeaks with very close energies. Algorithms deduce the source identity from the spectrum and must rely on a well-established peak separation in cases where multiple sources are involved. Some techniques exist, but they are computationally expensive, both in memory and processor speed. Typically they can lead to critical performance problems when run on single board computers. To solve this problem, spectral deconvolution methods such as Gold or Richardson-Lucy algorithmshave been proposed, that somewhat resolve the complex spectrum. The realized functions of spectra processing implemented in the ROOT CERN allow solving the indicated contradictions. The article presents the results of using ROOT CERN on a single-board computer for analyzing the spectra measured with a CdZnTe spectrometer. The results show that the spectral deconvolution methods used have high accuracy and efficiency in the deconvolution of complex spectra.
Exemplo de análise discursiva à luz dos estudos culturais por Moisés de Lemos Martins
Authors: Hohlfeldt Antonio , Comerlato Eduardo
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo, prestamos homenagem a Moisés de Lemos Martins,professor da Universidade do Minho (UMinho), em Portugal, pela qual foi distinguido com o Prêmio Mérito Científico, em 2016. Relembramos a trajetória do pesquisador, que se formou na Universidade de Estrasburgo, em 1984, bem como suas contribuições para os estudos culturais. Destacamos especialmente sua obra O olho de Deus no discurso salazarista, livro que guia as reflexões desteartigo em honra a sua figura.
Salivary Cytokine Profile in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Humberto Janaina Silva Martins , Saia Rafael Simone , Costa Luis Henrique Angenendt , Rocha Maria José Alves , Motta Ana Carolina Fragoso
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine salivary concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IL-23, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nitrate (a by-product of nitric oxide oxidation), and cortisol in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). Twenty patients diagnosed with OLP and 20 sex-matched healthy volunteers (HV) were included in this cross-sectional study. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected in the morning. Salivary cytokine and cortisol concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Nitrate was measured in a nitric oxide analyzer. We found higher salivary concentrations of IL-2 (p<0.003), IL-23 ( p<0.04), and TGF-β (p=0.05) in patients with OLP compared to HV. No significant differences were found in salivary levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, or IL-10. Nitrate concentrations were markedly increased in OLP patients (1,227.0 ± 738.8 µM/mg total protein) when compared to HV (261.6 ± 166.8 µM/mg; p<0.0001). Salivary cortisol levels were also higher in OLP patients (2.79 ± 1.39 vs. 1.94 ±1.21 ng/mg; p<0.048). The markedly increased salivary levels of nitric oxide in patients with OLP suggest a relationship of this molecule with the cell death and tissue damage observed in these lesions.
Phosphorylation promoted the glycolytic rate in postmortem meat by tightening the structure of glycogen phosphorylase
Authors: Bai Y. , Li X. , Ren C. , Zheng X. , Hou C. , Chen L. , Zhang D.
Published: October 2023

The activity and structural variation of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) at different phosphorylation levels during incubation at 4 °C were explored in this study. The GP was assigned into four treatments to obtain high/low phosphorylation levels, which were (1) treated with glycogen phosphorylase kinase (Phk) to obtain high phosphorylation level, (2) treated with protein kinase A to obtain high phosphorylation level, (3) treated with alkaline phosphatase to obtain low phosphorylation level, and (4) control. Compared with the control group, the content of α-helix and β-sheet increased and the secondary structure of GP changed from disorder to order after phosphorylation. The activity of GP was increased and its structure was more tightly in the Phk group than that in the control group. The phosphorylation at Ser277, Ser430, Ser809, Thr304, Tyr298, and Tyr525 resulted in tighter spatial structure. In conclusion, phosphorylation of GP enhanced its catalytic activity by making the secondary and spatial structure more orderly, which is of great significance for controlling meat quality by regulating glycolysis.
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Adults: United States, 2021-2022
Authors: Vahratian Anjel , Lin Jin-Mann S. , Bertolli Jeanne , Unger Elizabeth R.
Published: October 2023

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Analytical review of the results of salmon fisheries in Kamchatka Territory in 2018–2022 (forecasts, fisheries, stocks). Сommunication 2 (sockeye salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon)
Authors: Bugaev A. V. , Zikunova O. V. , Artyukhina N. B. , Shubkin S. V.
Published: October 2023

The paper considers results of the analysis of salmon fisheries in Kamchatka Region in 2018–2022. The material analyzed includes commercial fishery statistics data presenting information on annual, seasonal and daily catches of sockeye salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon for the main units of the regional stocks. The main patterns are shown and critical points are outlined to justify predictions of the runs/catch of spawners. In addition, multi-year estimates of the variability of spawning stocks of sockeye salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon with respect to spawning escapement targets are presented.
Hydrogen Spillover Mechanisms on Copper on Zinc Oxide-Based Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol
Authors: Salmi Mustafa Al
Published: October 2023

This literature review examines the hydrogen spillover mechanisms on copper on zinc oxide (Cu/ZnO)-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The production of methanol from CO2 is an attractive process for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and producing a valuable chemical feedstock. Cu/ZnO-based catalysts are known to exhibit high activity and selectivity towards methanol production and the hydrogen spillover effect is believed to play a crucial role in their performance. The review discusses the current understanding of the hydrogen spillover mechanism, including the nature of the active sites and the factors that affect spillover efficiency. It also summarises recent advances in catalyst design, such as the use of promoters and dopants, to enhance the hydrogen spillover effect and improve catalytic performance. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the hydrogen spillover mechanism on Cu/ZnO-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, highlighting the potential of this technology for sustainable methanol production.
Introducing the zero-trim pile technique: a more sustainable alternative to pile cropping
Authors: Lo Hugh , Bailie Paul , Louw Deon , Piper Lee
Published: October 2023

Standard practice for bored concrete pile construction is to over-pour the concrete and crop the piles down after curing to ensure they are sound at cut-off level. This paper introduces an innovative ‘zero-trim pile’ technique, which has been trialled on the UK’s High Speed Two railway project. It eliminates the need for cropping by sucking out wet concrete above cut-off level. This increases safety, reduces noise, saves time, improves accuracy and avoids cracking. This paper reviews lessons learned from the trials and outlines steps for successful implementation of the technique on a wide range of in situ concrete piling and diaphragm walling projects.
Time-dependent processes influencing offshore foundations in clay: an experimental study on plate anchors
Authors: Wang Ci , O'Loughlin Conleth D. , Bransby Fraser , Watson Phil , Zhou Zefeng
Published: October 2023

Motivation for this paper stems from experimental investigations that consider how the vertical capacity of a horizontal circular plate anchor in clay changes due to consolidation. These experiments produced interesting time-dependent measurements that prompted a follow-on study, designed to explore the underlying mechanisms. The new experimental data indicate that changes in anchor load during consolidation under a fixed anchor displacement are linked to three distinct mechanisms. The first is a ‘stress-relaxation’ reduction in anchor load that occurs quasi-instantaneously after the initial anchor movement stops, with a magnitude that is linked to the average strain rate associated with the initial anchor movement. The second is a local consolidation effect that causes a reduction in anchor load over durations that scale with the anchor diameter. The final mechanism occurs simultaneously with the second, but at a slower rate, such that the resulting increase in anchor load becomes apparent at larger values of time. This increase in anchor load is due to dissipation of excess pore pressures developed in the wake of the anchor during the initial anchor movement. These time-dependent changes are considered relevant for the post-installation capacity of offshore anchors and for the capacity of anchors following a large movement event.
Non-coaxiality behaviours and unified flow rule of soil–structure interfaces
Authors: Feng Dakuo , Zhang Jianmin
Published: October 2023

Non-coaxiality is one of the key characteristics of soil–structure interfaces that broadly occur in geotechnical engineering. A series of interface tests between gravel and a structure was performed to address and model the non-coaxiality behaviours of interfaces subjected to various three-dimensional (3D) loadings. Non-coaxiality of the interface was identified during the yielding phase when subjected to 3D cycling of shear stress and could be captured by the non-coaxiality angle. The non-coaxiality angle does not evolve as a result of 3D cyclic shearing but depends primarily on the magnitude and direction of the current shear stress and the direction of the shear stress increment. The shear stress amplitude ratio, shear stress amplitude, shear stress rotation and initial shear stress significantly affect the magnitude and change pattern of the non-coaxiality angle, attributed to varied shear stress and shear stress increment vectors. A unified flow rule for interfaces was established based on 3D interface test analysis. The flow rule perfectly determines the flow direction of different kinds of interfaces prior to and at the mobilisation of shear strength under diverse two-dimensional and 3D loading conditions, such as arbitrary shear paths and differing shear stress amplitudes, shear stress amplitude ratios, initial shear stresses, normal stresses, shear strengths and anisotropy characteristics.
Sistemas conversacionais: aspetos culturais influenciam a avaliação de UX de um protótipo conceptual de assistente de voz
Authors:   Universidade de Aveiro, Camargo Juliana , Nunes José ,   Universidade de Aveiro, Antunes Maria João ,   Universidade de Aveiro, Mealha Óscar ,   Universidade de Aveiro, Abrantes Carolina ,   GoTelecom, S.A, Nóbrega Luís ,   GoTelecom, S.A
Published: October 2023

Este artigo analisa a experiência de 100 indivíduos (50 brasileiros e 50 portugueses) no contexto de um sistema conversacional com assistente de voz automatizado. A avaliação da UX foi realizada em diferentes etapas: cálculo da estatística descritiva, análise das frases ditas pelos utilizadores e aplicação da escala SUS. Esta abordagem metodológica permitiu verificar que o protótipo conceptual simula um produto com grande potencial para facilitar o dia a dia dos profissionais que atuam em salões de estética e beleza. No entanto, há funcionalidades que devem ser redesenhadas, como a escolha dos nomes dos botões e a acessibilidade da ferramenta. Outra contribuição do estudo é a confirmação de que há opiniões divergentes entre as populações da amostra, brasileira e portuguesa, mostrando que a solução teve melhor aceitação entre os portugueses. Esta última questão é um dos aspetos mais relevantes dos achados deste trabalho, pois pode comprometer o sucesso de tal assistente.
Una revisión sistemática de Modelos de clasificación de dengue utilizando machine learning
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Maquen-Niño Gisella Luisa Elena , Bravo Jessie ,   Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Alarcón Roger ,   Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Adrianzén-Olano Ivan ,   Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza, Vega-Huerta Hugo ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Published: October 2023

El dengue es una enfermedad arboviral que anualmente reporta un gran número de infectados en la costa norte y la selva peruana. Según las estadísticas, está aumentando cada año. Este artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre las variables de estudio y los métodos de aprendizaje automático utilizados actualmente para detectar la infección por dengue. La metodología utilizada fue PRISMA, mapeando inicialmente la literatura de 274 artículos científicos, quedando seleccionados 33 artículos para la revisión sistemática. Los resultados obtenidos son que los algoritmos de aprendizaje automático más utilizados son las redes neuronales (NN) y support vector machine (SVM). Asimismo, se ha encontrado que los científicos tienden a realizar investigaciones con variables climáticas o demográficas para obtener mejores resultados. Se concluye que los métodos de aprendizaje automático que más se han utilizado son las redes neuronales de diferentes tipos: convolucional, recurrente, profunda y multicapa, y para la predicción de brotes de dengue predominaron los métodos de series de tiempo con LSTM y ARIMA, también se estableció que la tendencia es hacia la inclusión de variables climáticas y demográficas en los modelos de predicción.
Modelo de tendencias para series complejas: caso de estudio tarifas hoteleras
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Juárez Abraham Briones , Castro Judith Alejandra Velázquez ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo
Published: October 2023

El análisis riguroso de datos en turismo es cada vez más común a raíz de las afectaciones sufridas por el covid-19, lo que ha contribuido a identificar trayectorias a partir de datos históricos. En este artículo, se propone una combinación de la teoría de la complejidad y la suavización exponencial para conocer los patrones que ayuden a estimar la estacionalidad y tendencia en las tarifas hoteleras. Para ello, se fragmenta la serie en particiones para explorar la similitud y se aplican cinco métodos de trazado. Los resultados muestran que el gráfico de longitud R, es el único que despliega anti-persistencia, con una saturación en el tiempo n=8, este dato se usa como ciclo de longitud del modelo aditivo de Holt-Winters cuyos parámetros (a=0.36, b=0.78, y=0.67), minimizan el error presentado. Se concluye que la combinación de métodos de análisis numérico permite el ajuste estacional en los datos tarifarios.
Türk Turizminde İz Bırakanlar (1923 – 2023)
Authors: KOZAK Nazmi
Published: October 2023

Bu yazıda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti döneminde turizm alanında iz bırakanlar üzerine yürütülen çalışmanın sonuçları yer almaktadır. Cumhuriyet’in ilan edildiği 1923 yılından içinde bulunduğumuz 2023 yılına kadar geçen yüz yıllık süreçte turizm alanında sayısız gelişme olmuş, sayısız kurum, kuruluş ve insan bu alana katkıda bulunmuş ve bulunmaktadır. Türk Turizminde İz Bırakanlar listesi, önceden başka çalışmalar ile elde edilen kurum, kuruluş, kişi ve etkinlikten oluşan iki bin maddelik liste temel alınarak oluşturuldu. İlk aşamada liste 100 kişiye düşürüldü. Her biri turizmin farklı alanlarında uzun yıllar görev yapmış 12 kişilik bir uzman grup üzerinde üç aşamalı Delfi tekniği çalışma yürütüldü. Sonuç olarak, ilerleyen sayfalarda yer alan başlıklarda Türk Turizmine İz Bırakanlar listesi elde edildi.
ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЯ КАК ФОРМА СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ РОССИЙСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Хлебникова Мария Владимировна , Панычик Александр Владимирович
Published: October 2023

Цель исследования — анализ социальной активности молодежи посредством рассмотрения деятельности существующих в России общественных объединений.

Методологический конструкт. Анализ работы молодежных общественных объединений и участия молодежи в данных структурах осуществляется на основе деятельностной парадигмы исследования и концепции саморегуляции жизнедеятельности молодежи.

Результаты исследования. В рамках данной работы авторы обращаются к такой форме социальной активности молодежи, как общественные объединения. В России действуют два очень масштабных объединения: Российский союз молодежи и Российские студенческие отряды. Анализ направлений деятельности данных объединений позволяет сделать вывод о том, что возможность стать частью молодежного объединения позволяет молодым людям проявить креативность в различных сферах деятельности, поучаствовать в крупномасштабных проектах, расширить круг социальных связей, получить прикладные компетенции, а также выстроить успешные жизненные стратегии.

Перспективой исследования является изучение существующих форм проявления социальной активности со стороны российской молодежи.
Ten(10)X-compatible Combinatorial Indexing ATAC sequencing (txci-ATAC-seq) v1
Authors: Zhang Hao
Published: October 2023

The txci-ATAC-seq method is a large-scale single-cell ATAC-seq technique that combines the Tn5-based pre-indexing with the 10X Chromium-based microfluidic barcoding. This molecular hashing strategy enables the profiling of up to 200,000 nuclei across multiple samples in a single emulsion reaction.
Associations between School Burnout, Perceived Learning Difficulties, and Delayed Graduation from Upper Secondary Education: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Karttunen Anne , Hakkarainen Airi , Holopainen Leena
Published: October 2023

The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine how adolescents’ school burnout profiles relate to perceived learning difficulties and delayed graduation in upper secondary education. Adolescents (N = 485, mean age 15.7 years) living in a mid-sized city in Finland completed questionnaires during their upper secondary education in either the academic or vocational track. A person-oriented approach was used, and the results imply that students with perceived learning difficulties are at a higher risk of school burnout than those who do not report learning difficulties. Adolescents with a higher likelihood of belonging to the ‘at risk of school burnout’ profile also had a higher risk of delayed graduation than students in other profiles, as well as those without perceived learning difficulties. In addition, students in the vocational track were more likely to belong to the ‘Not at risk of school burnout’ profile than to the other school burnout profiles. Girls had an increased risk of belonging to one of the three profiles indicating burnout than to the ‘not at risk of school burnout’ profile. These findings suggest that perceived learning difficulties affect adolescents’ lives longitudinally; thus, better identification of these difficulties and more effective support are needed.
ABOUT ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TRENDS OF MODERN ARMED STRUGGLE
Authors:   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Kashtelan S.O.
Published: October 2023

The results of the analysis of the experience of military conflicts of recent decades show that modern wars are fundamentally different from the usual stereotypes of wars during the Second World War, the second half and the end of the 20th century – the beginning of the 21st century. They received not only a new essence and a new meaning, but also revealed new characteristic features of armed struggle, which include the focal and fast-moving nature of hostilities, the absence of protracted positional battles, the use of only long-range weapons, mainly air and space-based, an increase in the number of robotic military equipment and weapons, the growing role of navigation systems in solving the tasks of defeating and coordinating the actions of not only large operational groups of troops, but also small tactical formations. In the article, we examine how the change in the nature of armed struggle affects modern wars, in particular, in modern wars there is a certain evolution of its individual elements, the main of which is fire damage, which is due to the active development of means of reconnaissance, guidance and direct fire impact on objects in the enemy group. It deserves attention the origin of changes in priorities when choosing the objects of damage depending on the scale of the armed conflict, the chosen option for its solution and conduct, features of the composition and nature of the enemy's actions. The transition of military operations into air and space, a significant increase in the range of strike missile and aircraft, led to a significant spread of spatial indicators. Under modern conditions, the armed struggle acquires a multidimensional nature, in contrast to the wars of the past, in which the nature of the armed struggle was determined mainly by horizontal dimensions, and the vertical (aerial coordinate) was only auxiliary in nature. At the same time, along with the spread of the spatial scale of military operations, a significant feature of modern wars and armed conflicts is considered to be changes in the temporal indicators of armed conflict, which is determined by its high dynamism and rapidity due to the use of the latest types of weapons and military equipment.