bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zeit-Rebound-Effekte nach Arbeitszeitverkürzung
Authors: Buhl Johannes
Published: March 2016

Rebound-Effekte in Bezug auf Zeit gewinnen im Zeichen von Steigerung und Beschleunigung an Bedeutung. Welche Auswirkungen haben kürzere Arbeitszeiten auf die Steigerung und Beschleunigung von Erlebnissen? Und welche Rolle spielen dabei Zeit-Rebound- Effekte?
Energieeffiziente Gebäude als Schlüssel für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung
Authors: Rasch Jana , Topp Kilian , Thomas Stefan
Published: March 2016

Rund ein Drittel der weltweit energiebezogenen CO2-Emissionen sind auf den Verbrauch durch Gebäude zurückzuführen. Ohne eine sogenannte Gebäudewende sind die notwendigen CO2-Einsparungen nicht zu erreichen. Eine Internetplattform bündelt das weit verstreute Wissen zu diesem Thema und bietet Orientierung.
The size of national delegations and the need for attendance regulation at climate conferences
Authors: Rahman Syed Mahbubur , Ahmad Mokbul Morshed
Published: March 2016

With the growing significance of the United Nations climate conferences the number of attendees has grown considerably over the last years. But more participants do not necessarily ensure better decisions. And sometimes attending a United Nations climate conference is only a way to raise the profile of the attendee.
University students' interpersonal cognitive distortions, psychological resilience, and emotional self-efficacy according to sex and gender roles
Authors: Çelikkaleli Öner , Kaya Sinem
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between college students' level of cognitive distortions, resilience and emotional self-efficacy. In addition, how sex and gender roles affect interpersonal cognitive distortions, emotional self-efficacy beliefs and endurance is examined. This study was conducted with 346 university students. In this study, Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale, Resilience Scale III-R, Self-Efficacy Scale, and Sex Role Inventory were administered to the participants. The results indicated that there was a negative correlation between interpersonal cognitive distortions, self-efficacy and psychological resilience. On the other hand, there was a positive correlation between psychological resilience and self-efficacy. Significant differences were found between gender roles and interpersonal cognitive distortions. In line with this, significant differences were found between gender roles and psychological resilience. However, there was no significant relation between sex and interpersonal cognitive distortions. Furthermore, the correlation between sex and psychological resilience is not significant. Additionally, self-efficacy and sex has no a significant relation, but has a significant relation with gender roles. Lastly, there was a significant relation between interpersonal cognitive distortions and gender roles.
The review of crimes against foreign tourists: The case of Marmaris
Yabancı turistlere yönelik işlenen suçların incelenmesi: Marmaris Örneği
Authors: Ayazlar Gökhan , Işık Taylan
Published: March 2016

The relationship between tourism and crime has long been interested by researchers from various points of views. The present study addresses the crimes committed against tourists from overseas and aims to investigate based on the questions prepared with regard to the relevant literature. Study data, on the special permission issued by the Marmaris Chief Public Prosecutor Office, was collected in Marmaris County through document review method. Collected research data includes crimes committed against tourists in the period between 2011 and 2014. According to research findings covering tourists visiting Marmaris County from foreign countries, it was determined that females, 25-59 age group, employed ones, singles, and Britons were in higher risk group compared with other classification groups. Moreover, whereas these findings suggest that the most frequently crimes committed against tourists are robbery, injury, violation of immunity of residence and sexual assault, they are mostly experienced in June, July, August, and September months. The relationship between number of crimes committed against tourists and number of incoming tourists was investigated. It is expected that study results will be beneficent for destination managers and marketing professionals.  Finally, theoretical and practical consequences of findings obtained in the study were discussed. ÖzetTurizm ve suç arasındaki ilişki, sunduğu farklı bakış açıları ile uzun bir süredir araştırmacıların ilgi alanı içerisindedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yabancı turistlere yönelik olarak işlenen suçları, literatüre bağlı olarak oluşturulan sorular kapsamında incelemektir. Çalışma verileri Marmaris Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığından alınan özel izinle, doküman inceleme yöntemiyle Marmaris’te toplanmıştır. Veriler 2011-2014 yıllarına ait turistlere yönelik olarak işlenen suçları içermektedir. Araştırma bulgularına göre Marmaris’e gelen yabancı turistlerden kadınların, 25-59 yaş aralığındakilerin, çalışanların, bekâr olanların ve İngilizlerin suçla karşılaşma olasılıkları karşılaştırıldıkları diğer gruplara göre daha yüksektir. Ayrıca araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgulara göre turistlere yönelik en fazla işlenen suçlar hırsızlık, yaralama, konut dokunulmazlığının ihlali ve cinsel saldırı olarak belirlenmiştir. En fazla suç işlenen aylar ise Haziran, Temmuz, Ağustos ve Eylül ayları olmuştur. Turistlere yönelik işlenen suç sayısı ile gelen turist sayısı arasındaki ilişki elde edilen bulgular ve literatür ışığındadeğerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarının destinasyon yöneticileri ve pazarlama uzmanları için fayda sağlaması beklenmektedir.  Çalışmada elde edilen bulguların teorik ve pratik sonuçları tartışılmaktadır.
The two faces of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adipocyte function and dysfunction
Authors: Castro José Pedro , Grune Tilman , Speckmann Bodo
Published: March 2016

White adipose tissue (WAT) is actively involved in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis via storage/release of lipids and adipokine secretion. Current research links WAT dysfunction to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The expansion of WAT during oversupply of nutrients prevents ectopic fat accumulation and requires proper preadipocyte-to-adipocyte differentiation. An assumed link between excess levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), WAT dysfunction and T2D has been discussed controversially. While oxidative stress conditions have conclusively been detected in WAT of T2D patients and related animal models, clinical trials with antioxidants failed to prevent T2D or to improve glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, animal studies yielded inconsistent results regarding the role of oxidative stress in the development of diabetes. Here, we discuss the contribution of ROS to the (patho)physiology of adipocyte function and differentiation, with particular emphasis on sources and nutritional modulators of adipocyte ROS and their functions in signaling mechanisms controlling adipogenesis and functions of mature fat cells. We propose a concept of ROS balance that is required for normal functioning of WAT. We explain how both excessive and diminished levels of ROS, e.g. resulting from over supplementation with antioxidants, contribute to WAT dysfunction and subsequently insulin resistance.
Failure of dissimilar material bonded joints
Authors: Konstantakopoulou M. , Deligianni A. , Kotsikos G.
Published: March 2016

Joining of materials in structural design has always been a challenge for engineers. Bolting and riveting has been used for many years, until the emergence of fusion welding which revolutionised construction in areas such as shipbuilding, automotive, infrastructure and consumer goods. Extensive research in the past 50 years has resulted in better understanding of the process and minimised the occurrence of failures associated with fusion welding such as, residual stress cracking, stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue cracking, localised reduction in mechanical properties due to microstructural changes (heat affected zone) etc. Bonding has been a technique that has been proposed as an alternative because it eliminates several of the problems associated with fusion welding. But, despite some applications it has not seen wide use. There is however a renewed interest in adhesively bonded joints, as designers look for ever more efficient structures which inevitably leads to the use and consequently joining of combinations of lightweight materials, often with fundamentally different mechanical and physical properties. This chapter provides a review of adhesively bonded joints and reports on improvements to bonded joint strength through the introduction of carbon nanotubes at the bond interface. Results from various workers in the field are reported as well as the findings of the authors in this area of research. It is obvious that there are several challenges that need to be addressed to further enhance the strength of bonded joints and worldwide research is currently underway to address those shortcomings and build confidence in the implementation of these new techniques.
Altered Glycolysis and Mitochondrial Respiration in a Zebrafish Model of Dravet Syndrome
Authors: Kumar Maneesh G. , Rowley Shane , Fulton Ruth , Dinday Matthew T. , Baraban Scott C. , Patel Manisha
Published: March 2016

Altered metabolism is an important feature of many epileptic syndromes but has not been reported in Dravet syndrome (DS), a catastrophic childhood epilepsy associated with mutations in a voltage-activated sodium channel, Nav1.1 (SCN1A). To address this, we developed novel methodology to assess real-time changes in bioenergetics in zebrafish larvae between 4 and 6 d postfertilization (dpf). Baseline and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) stimulated glycolytic flux and mitochondrial respiration were simultaneously assessed using a Seahorse Biosciences extracellular flux analyzer.Scn1Labmutant zebrafish showed a decrease in baseline glycolytic rate and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) compared to controls. A ketogenic diet formulation rescued mutant zebrafish metabolism to control levels. Increasing neuronal excitability with 4-AP resulted in an immediate increase in glycolytic rates in wild-type zebrafish, whereas mitochondrial OCR increased slightly and quickly recovered to baseline values. In contrast,scn1Labmutant zebrafish showed a significantly slower and exaggerated increase of both glycolytic rates and OCR after 4-AP. The underlying mechanism of decreased baseline OCR inscn1Labmutants was not because of altered mitochondrial DNA content or dysfunction of enzymes in the electron transport chain or tricarboxylic acid cycle. Examination of glucose metabolism using a PCR array identified five glycolytic genes that were downregulated inscn1Labmutant zebrafish. Our findings inscn1Labmutant zebrafish suggest that glucose and mitochondrial hypometabolism contribute to the pathophysiology of DS.
Collaborative Control of Cell Cycle Progression by the RNA Exonuclease Dis3 and Ras Is Conserved Across Species
Authors: Snee Mark J , Wilson William C , Zhu Yi , Chen Shin-Yu , Wilson Beth A , Kseib Cedric , O’Neal Julie , Mahajan Nitin , Tomasson Michael H , Arur Swathi , Skeath James B
Published: March 2016

Dis3 encodes a conserved RNase that degrades or processes all RNA species via an N-terminal PilT N terminus (PIN) domain and C-terminal RNB domain that harbor, respectively, endonuclease activity and 3′–5′ exonuclease activity. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, dis3 mutations cause chromosome missegregation and failure in mitosis, suggesting dis3 promotes cell division. In humans, apparently hypomorphic dis3 mutations are found recurrently in multiple myeloma, suggesting dis3 opposes cell division. Except for the observation that RNAi-mediated depletion of dis3 function drives larval arrest and reduces tissue growth in Drosophila, the role of dis3 has not been rigorously explored in higher eukaryotic systems. Using the Drosophila system and newly generated dis3 null alleles, we find that absence of dis3 activity inhibits cell division. We uncover a conserved CDK1 phosphorylation site that when phosphorylated inhibits Dis3’s exonuclease, but not endonuclease, activity. Leveraging this information, we show that Dis3’s exonuclease function is required for mitotic cell division: in its absence, cells are delayed in mitosis and exhibit aneuploidy and overcondensed chromosomes. In contrast, we find that modest reduction of dis3 function enhances cell proliferation in the presence of elevated Ras activity, apparently by accelerating cells through G2/M even though each insult by itself delays G2/M. Additionally, we find that dis3 and ras genetically interact in worms and that dis3 can enhance cell proliferation under growth stimulatory conditions in murine B cells. Thus, reduction, but not absence, of dis3 activity can enhance cell proliferation in higher organisms.
Role ofp53, Mitochondrial DNA Deletions, and Paternal Age in Autism: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Wong Sarah , Napoli Eleonora , Krakowiak Paula , Tassone Flora , Hertz-Picciotto Irva , Giulivi Cecilia
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:

The tumor suppressor p53 responds to a variety of environmental stressors by regulating cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, bioenergetics and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number maintenance. Developmental abnormalities have been reported in p53-deficient mice, and altered p53 and p53-associated pathways in autism (AU). Furthermore, via the Pten-p53 crosstalk, Pten haploinsufficient-mice have autisticlike behavior accompanied by brain mitochondrial dysfunction with accumulation of mtDNA deletions.

METHODS:

mtDNA copy number and deletions, and p53 gene copy ratios were evaluated in peripheral blood monocytic cells from children aged 2–5 years with AU (n = 66), race-, gender-, and age-matched typically neurodeveloping children (n = 46), and both parents from each diagnostic group, recruited by the Childhood Autism Risk from Genes and Environment study at the University of California, Davis.

RESULTS:

mtDNA deletions and higher p53 gene copy ratios were more common in children with AU and their fathers. The incidence of mtDNA deletions in fathers of children with AU was increased 1.9-fold over fathers of typically neurodeveloping children, suggesting a role for deficient DNA repair capacity not driven by paternal age. Deletions in mtDNA and altered p53 gene copy ratios seem to result from genetics (children with severity scores ≥8) and/or act in concert with environmental factors (children with 6–7 severity scores).

CONCLUSIONS:

Given pro- and antioxidant activities of p53, and associations of genomic instability with disorders other than AU, our study suggests a link between DNA repair capacity, genomic instability in the 17p13.1 region influenced by environmental triggers, and AU diagnosis.
Cardiac size of high-volume resistance trained female athletes: shaping the body but not the heart
Authors: Venckunas T , Simonavicius J , Marcinkeviciene JE
Published: March 2016

Introduction

Exercise training, besides many health benefits, may result in cardiac remodelling which is dependent on the type and amount of exercise performed. It is not clear, however, whether significant adaptation in cardiac structure is possible in females undergoing resistance type of exercise training. Rigorous high volume training of most muscle groups emphasising resistance exercises are being undertaken by athletes of some aesthetic sports such as female fitness (light bodybuilding). The impact of this type of training on cardiac adaptation has not been investigated until now. The aim of the current study was to disclose the effect of high volume resistance training on cardiac structure and function.

Methods

11 top-level female fitness athletes and 20 sedentary age-matched controls were recruited to undergo two-dimensional echocardiography.

Results

Cardiac structure did not differ between elite female fitness athletes and controls (p > 0.05), and fitness athletes had a tendency for a smaller (p = 0.07) left ventricular (LV) mass indexed to lean body mass. Doppler diastolic function index (E/A ratio) and LV ejection fraction were similar between the groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Elite female fitness athletes have normal cardiac size and function that do not differ from matched sedentary controls. Consequently, as high volume resistance training has no easily observable effect on adaptation of cardiac structure, when cardiac hypertrophy is present in young resistance-trained lean female, other reasons such as inherited cardiac disease are to be considered carefully.
Prostaglandin-targeting agents and spectral heart rate variability in experimental partial bladder outlet obstruction in rats
Authors: Dobrek Ł , Baranowska A , Skowron B , Furgała A , Żurowski D , Thor P
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), using spectral analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) in the model of partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) in rats treated with selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID): piroxicam (PRX) or meloxicam (MLX), and following administration of PGF2a prostaglandin analogue (Enzaprost F5). Neither the use of PGF2a analogue nor of MLX, caused significant changes in the HRV spectrum (except for HRV spectrum total power reduction with MLX). The use of PRX caused reduction of the total power and powers of all components of the HRV spectrum (except for VLF). Moreover, increased nLF and reduced nHF were observed. The obtained results suggest that the total prostaglandin synthesis block with a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor (PRX) results in reduced ANS total activity, with decreased parasympathetic activity and a relative sympathetic predominance. The preferential cyclooxygenase-2 block (MLX) caused reduction of the total ANS activity as well, however with no clear disproportion of any part of the ANS. Therefore, prostaglandin synthesis inhibition and associated decrease of parasympathetic activity may constitute an additional and favourable feature of NSAID pharmacodynamics in the treatment of BPH.
Protective effects of Quercetin and chronic moderate exercise (training) against oxidative stress in the liver tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Chiş IC , Mureşan A , Oros A , Nagy AL , Clichici S
Published: March 2016

Background

To investigate the protective effects of Quercetin administration associated with chronic moderate exercise (training) on oxidative stress in the liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods

Diabetic rats that performed exercise training were subjected to a swimming training program (1 hour/day, 5 days/week, 4 weeks). The diabetic rats received natural antioxidant, Quercetin (20 mg/kg body weight/day) for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, all animals were sacrificed and liver samples were collected for estimation: some oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, MDA and protein carbonyls groups, PC), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and catalase, CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) level and reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione ratio.

Results

Diabetic rats submitted to exercise training showed significantly increased the oxidative stress markers (MDA and PC) and a reduction of antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) activity, GSH level and GSH/ GSSG ratio in hepatic tissues. A decrease in the levels of oxidative stress markers associated with elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes, the GSH level and GSH/GSSG ratio in the hepatic tissue were observed in Quercetin-treated diabetic trained rats.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that Quercetin administration in association with chronic moderate exercise exerts a protective effect in diabetes by attenuating hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress in hepatic tissue.
Applying music as a supplemental treatment in cancer care
Authors: Kollár János
Published: March 2016

Theoretical background

Applying music as a supplemental therapeutic method is a flexible, patient-directed and adaptable, non-invasive treatment. Several forms of musical interventions are able to reduce distress, chronic pain, anxiety and depression.

Aim

The purpose of this review was drawing attention to the possibility of applying music as a supplementary, supportive treatment for cancer patients. The article would like to give a broader view of different fields of applying music in cancer treatment.

Methods

A search was made in Journal of Music Therapy, Music Therapy and Music Therapy Perspectives. Besides PubMed and Web of Knowledge were used for searching relevant articles reported in English and containing the expressions “music” and “cancer” or “music” and “psychooncology”, or “music” and “oncology”, or “music “ and “tumor”, or “music” and “tumour” in their titles. The searching process was closed in 2013. The articles were filtered by relevant content regarding the application of music in cancer treatment. The articles were considered as relevant 1) if they were focusing on any application of music in cancer treatment and 2) if they reported about original research results, so the reviews were filtered out of our selection. 61 articles were found of which 25 were considered as relevant for the review. The analysis of data was based on the following criteria: a) the aim of applying music with cancer patients, b) the applied method and period of intervention, c) number of participants and d) results.

Results

There is a significant improvement in quality of life of cancer patients receiving music as a supportive treatment. Both active and receptive forms of music therapy can be applied successfully either independently or with other therapies as a part of the supportive care.

Conclusion

Music applied by qualified music therapists in therapeutic circumstances can be suggested as a supportive treatment for cancer patients.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1: frequency of ophthalmologic findings
Authors: Ikeda Karin Suzete , Iwabe-Marchese Cristina , França Jr Marcondes Cavalcante , Nucci Anamarli , Carvalho Keila Monteiro de
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of ophthalmologic abnormalities in a cohort of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients and to correlate them with motor function. We reviewed the pathophysiology of cataract and low intraocular pressure (IOP). Method Patients were included after clinical and laboratory diagnosis and after signed informed consent. They were evaluated by Motor Function Measure scale, Portuguese version (MFM-P) and ophthalmic protocol. Results We evaluated 42 patients aged 17 to 64 years (mean 40.7 ± 12.5), 22 of which were men. IOP (n = 41) was reduced in all but one. We found cataract or positivity for surgery in 38 (90.48%) and ptosis in 23 (54.76%). These signs but not IOP were significantly correlated with severity of motor dysfunction. Abnormalities in ocular motility and stereopsis were observed. Conclusion Cataract and ptosis are frequent in DM1 and associated to motor dysfunction. Reduced IOP is also common, but appears not to be related with motor impairment.
O impacto da vacina pneumocócica PCV10 na redução da mortalidade por pneumonia em crianças menores de um ano em Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Kupek Emil , Vieira Ilse Lisiane Viertel
Published: March 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto da vacina pneumocócica PCV10 na redução da mortalidade por pneumonia em crianças menores de um ano, em Santa Catarina, Brasil, considerando os quatro anos antes versus quatro anos após a introdução da vacina em 2010. Estudo com delineamento ecológico, realizado com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e das coberturas vacinais em menores de um ano de idade. Os dados foram agrupados por município de residência e macrorregião. A taxa média de mortalidade por pneumonia em menores de um ano no período 2006-2009 versus 2010-2013 diminuiu de 29,69 para 23,40 por 100 mil, uma redução de 11%. Porém, observa-se uma divisão entre regiões com redução (Grande Florianópolis, Sul, Planalto Norte e Nordeste) e outras com aumento do gradiente das taxas anuais (Oeste, Itajaí e Serra). No estado, verificou-se uma redução média da taxa de mortalidade, por pneumonia em menores de um ano, de 11% após quatro anos da implantação da vacina como rotina no Programa Nacional de Imunizações, porém com efeitos heterógenos entre as regiões.
Decomposition and nutrient release of leguminous green manure species in the Jaguaribe-Apodi region, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Pereira Natanael Santiago , Soares Ismail , Miranda Fábio Rodrigues de
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT: The use of leguminous green manure can be an alternative for the region agricultural systems due to its ability to incorporate significant amounts of nutrients into the soil through decomposition and nutrient release from biomass. This study aimed to evaluate the decomposition rates and nutrient release of six leguminous green manure species ( Crotalaria juncea , Canavalia ensiformes , Cajanus cajan , Crotalaria spectabilis , Dolichos lablab and Mucuna deeringiana ) in an area of the Jaguaribe-Apodi agricultural region, Brazil. Experiment was carried out under field conditions in a randomized block design with five replications. Decomposition and nutrient release from leguminous biomass were monitored by sampling at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after installing litter bags. In general, Crotalaria spectabilis and Canavalia ensiformes showed higher decomposition and nutrient release rates and they are the most promising for the region in the conditions of this study. However, for greater persistence of residues in the soil, Crotalaria juncea is more recommended.
Forage performance of Paspalum hybrids from an interspecific cross
Authors: Motta Eder Alexandre Minski da , Dall'Agnol Miguel , Nascimento Felipe Link , Pereira Emerson André , Machado Juliana Medianeira , Barbosa Marlon Risso , Simioni Carine , Ferreira Priscila Becker
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT: The goal of this study was to assess the variability of Paspalum plicatulum x P. guenoarum interspecific hybrids in terms of agronomic performance and their tolerance to cold conditions, as well as to estimate the correlation of different phenotypic characters associated with forage production. Twenty hybrids plants were used, besides one access P. guenoarum , one of P. plicatulum and the cultivar 'Pensacola' ( P. notatum ). Assessments were performed on individual plants, in a completely randomized design with five repetitions. Paspalum genotypes presented variability in total dry matter, leaf dry mass, leaf: stem ratio, and tolerance to cold. We suggest selection of the hybrids 08Q01 and 08Q44 for new stages within a forage improvement program. Estimates of phenotypic correlation may aid in the selection of genotypes with better agronomic traits.
Firocoxib on aqueous humor prostaglandin E 2 levels for controlling experimentally-induced breakdown of blood-aqueous barrier in healthy and Toxoplasma gondii -seropositive cats
Authors: Schroder Deise Cristine , Stocco Matias Bassinello , Isoton Deborah de Arruda , Silva Carla Patricia Amarante e , Braga Ísis Assis , Silva Érica Pereira da , Maciel Camila do Espírito Santo , Maruyama Fernanda Harumi , Nakazato Luciano , Aguiar Daniel Moura de , Mendonça Adriane Jorge , Ribeiro Alexandre Pinto
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of firocoxib for controlling experimentally-induced breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in healthy and Toxoplasma gondii -seropositive cats. Thirty two cats with no ocular abnormalities were used. Groups (n=8/each) were formed with healthy cats that received 5mg g-1 of oral firocoxib (FH) or no treatment (CH) on day 0; seropositive cats for anti -T. gondii specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) were grouped (n=8/each) and treated in a similar fashion (FT and CT). On day 1, cats of all groups received the same treatment protocol, and 1h later, aqueocentesis was performed under general anesthesia (M0). Following 1h, the same procedure was repeated (M1). Quantitation of aqueous humor total protein and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were determined. Aqueous samples of seropositive cats were tested for anti- T. gondii specific IgG. In M0, aqueous samples of CT showed a significantly higher concentration of PGE2 in comparison with other groups (P<0.05). In all groups, PGE2 concentration increased significantly from M0 to M1 (P=0.001). PGE2 values did not change significantly between groups in M1 (P=0.17). Anti- T. gondii specific IgG were reported only in samples of M1, and aqueous titers did not change significantly between FT and CT (P=0.11). Although we have observed that aqueous humor PGE2 levels were significantly higher in cats of CT group during M0, such increase was not able to break the blood-aqueous barrier and cause anterior uveitis. Firocoxib did not prevent intraocular inflammation after aqueocentesis, in healthy and toxoplasmosis-seropositive cats.
NURSING PRACTICE AT A PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCY SERVICE: EVALUATION USING FOURTH GENERATION ASSESSMENT
Authors: Buriola Aline Aparecida , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Sales Catarina Aparecida , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: March 2016

Qualitative study that used the framework of Fourth Generation Assessment and aimed to apprehend the perception of professionals, users and family members, about the nurse's practice at a psychiatric emergency service. Data were collected from February to June 2014, involving with 15 professionals, nine users and six family members. In the data collection, non-participant observation, participant observation and individual interviews were held, using hermeneutic-dialectic circle, with analysis by the constant comparative method. The results were grouped into two main themes: The nurse as a facilitator of multidisciplinary and humanized care and; activity accumulation: limitation for nurses to work at the psychiatric emergency service. It was concluded that the use of Fourth Generation Assessment reveals the empowerment of stakeholders as protagonists of change and that the nurse's practice is essential for the humanization of care and the dynamics of multidisciplinary work.
The ShearStress importance on the spatial distribution pattern of the invader Limnoperna fortunei in the Upper Paraná River Basin. - An assessment based on the Spatial Distribution Models
Authors: Campos Mônica de Cássia Souza , Peifer Daniel , Castro Paulo de Tarso
Published: March 2016

The introduction of the golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei(Dunker, 1857) in South America was related to the discharge of ballast water, with its first record in 1991 in the La Plata River estuary. Since then, the species is spreading throughout the continent, with several economic and ecological negative consequences. Aim: To model, in the headwaters of Parana River, the spatial distribution ofL. fortunei and to understand the determinants of the current pattern of species distribution and the risk of invasion of areas not yet colonized. Methods: The ecological niche of L. fortunei was modeled using the algorithm MAXENT (Maximum Entropy Method) combined with records of occurrence of the bivalve, limnological data and the shear force measured by the index Hack (SL). The evaluation of the performance of different models was based on AUC (Area Under the Curve).The analysis of each variable's contribution to the responses of the models was made based on the Jackknife test, available in the Maxent program. The models were validated with real absence data collected between 2006 and 2007. Based on the limnological characterization of the area and on outputs of the models, this analysis sought to understand the contributing aspects to the current and potential spatial distribution and to verify the risk of invasion of environments not yet colonized by the species. Results/Conclusion: The limnological characterization showed that the ecological requirements for the species as, pH, calcium, oxygen and chlorophyll a, were appropriate in both the connected stretches, invaded and non-invaded. Turbidity showed significant spatial differences which proved to be higher in environments with higher levels of Hack (SL), i.e. higher energy fluvial. In addition, the algorithm showed the importance of hydrodynamical aspects expressed by Hack index (SL) to the spatial distribution of species, since the models with the best performances were those that considered the Hack index (SL) as one of the environmental layers of the mussel's niche. All models indicated a high risk of invasion into the reservoir of São Simão.
TRABALHO DOCENTE E SAÚDE DAS PROFESSORAS DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL DE PELOTAS, RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Vieira Jarbas Santos , Gonçalves Vanessa Bugs , Martins Maria de Fátima Duarte
Published: March 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação entre processo de trabalho docente e a saúde de 196 professoras que atuavam em escolas municipais de educação infantil do município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, em 2011. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se desenvolveu em duas etapas: uma quantitativa e outra qualitativa. Na dimensão quantitativa foi aplicado, sobre todo o corpo docente, o Job Content Questionnaire, cuja finalidade é investigar as rotinas ocupacionais do trabalho que são consideradas um risco à saúde dos trabalhadores. Na dimensão qualitativa, a coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas sobre as práticas educacionais das professoras em seu cotidiano de trabalho e o que as cerca. O eixo das entrevistas abordou o cotidiano de trabalho dessas docentes e suas percepções acerca da importância da professora de educação infantil. A análise mostrou que os discursos prevalentes reforçam a ideia do magistério como sacerdócio, naturalizando a ideia de doação e sacrifício como intrínsecas ao processo de trabalho docente.
Regeneração Natural de Espécies Vegetais em Jazidas Revegetadas
Authors: Jesus Edilma Nunes de , Santos Tássiara Sales dos , Ribeiro Genésio Tâmara , Orge Maria Dolores Ribeiro , Amorim Vívian Oliveira , Batista Roberta Cristina Reis Correia
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A mineração provoca degradação intensa no ambiente. Em consequência dos impactos dessa atividade, a legislação determina a elaboração e execução de Planos de Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas (PRADs) como medida de reabilitação do ambiente degradado. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a avaliação de áreas de mineração reabilitadas com plantio de Eucalyptus sp. ou espécies arbóreas nativas, utilizando como parâmetros a composição, a diversidade florística implantada e as condições da regeneração natural. Foram identificadas 41 espécies distribuídas em 39 gêneros e 22 famílias. Observaram-se 16 espécies de novos regenerantes no conjunto das áreas. O levantamento florístico revelou menor diversidade na área com Eucalyptus sp. do que nas áreas revegetadas com espécies nativas. Assim, o uso de espécies nativas na recuperação de áreas degradadas se mostrou mais adequado à diversidade florística.
GUIDELINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF BILE DUCT CANCERS BY THE BRAZILIAN GASTROINTESTINAL TUMOR GROUP
Authors: RIECHELMANN Rachel , COUTINHO Anelisa K , WESCHENFELDER Rui F , ANDRADE DE PAULO Gustavo , FERNANDES Gustavo dos Santos , GIFONI Markus , OLIVEIRA Maria de Lourdes , GANSL Rene , GIL Roberto , LUERSEN Gustavo , LUCAS Lucio , REISNER Marcio , VIEIRA Fernando Meton , MACHADO Marcel Autran , MURAD Andre , OSVALDT Alessandro , BRANDÃO Miguel , CARVALHO Elisangela , SOUZA Tulio , PFIFFER Tulio , PROLLA Gabriel
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Gastrointestinal Tumor Group developed guidelines for the surgical and clinical management of patients with billiary cancers. The multidisciplinary panel was composed of experts in the field of radiology, medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiotherapy, endoscopy and pathology. The panel utilized the most recent literature to develop a series of evidence-based recommendations on different treatment and diagnostic strategies for cholangiocarcinomas and gallbladder cancers.
H. PYLORI INFECTION, ENDOSCOPIC, HISTOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND CELL PROLIFERATION IN THE GASTRIC MUCOSA OF PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS WITH CONTENTION RING: a cross sectional endoscopic and immunohistochemical study
Authors: NOGUEIRA Thiago De Bortoli , ARTIGIANI NETO Ricardo , HERANI FILHO Benedito , WAISBERG Jaques
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT Background Morbid obesity treatment through vertical gastroplasty Roux-en-Y gastric bypass initially used a contention ring. However, this technique may create conditions to the development of potentially malign alterations in the gastric mucosa. Although effective and previously performed in large scale, this technique needs to be better evaluated in long-term studies regarding alterations caused in the gastric mucosa. Objective To analyze the preoperative and postoperative endoscopic, histological and cell proliferation findings in the gastric antrum and body mucosa of patients submitted to the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a contention ring. Methods We retrospectively evaluated all patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a contention ring with more than 60 months of postoperative follow-up. We compared the preoperative (gastric antrum and body) and postoperative (gastric pouch) gastric mucosa endoscopic findings, cell proliferation index and H. pylori prevalence. We evaluated cell proliferation through Ki-67 antibody immunohistochemical expression. Results In the study period, 33 patients were operated with the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using a contention ring. We found a chronic gastritis rate of 69.7% in the preoperative period (gastric antrum and body) and 84.8% in the postoperative (gastric pouch). H. pylori was present in 18.2% of patients in the preoperative period (gastric antrum and body) and in 57.5% in the postoperative (gastric pouch). Preoperative cell proliferation index was 18.1% in the gastric antrum and 16.2% in the gastric body, and 23.8% in the postoperative gastric pouch. The postoperative cell proliferation index in the gastric pouch was significantly higher (P=0.001) than in the preoperative gastric antrum and body. Higher cell proliferation index and chronic gastritis intensity were significantly associated to H. pylori presence (P=0.001 and P=0.02, respectively). Conclusion After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with contention ring, there was a higher chronic gastritis incidence and higher cell proliferation index in the gastric pouch than in the preoperative gastric antrum and body. Mucosa inflammation intensity and cell proliferation index in the postoperative gastric pouch were associated to H. pylori presence and were higher than those found in the preoperative gastric antrum and body mucosa.
Classificação de famílias do feijoeiro sob diferentes cenários de dependência espacial e precisão experimental
Authors: Campos Josmar Furtado de , Carneiro Antonio Policarpo Souza , Peternelli Luiz Alexandre , Carneiro José Eustáquio de Souza , Silva Michele Jorge da , Cecon Paulo Roberto
Published: March 2016

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da análise estatística espacial, em comparação a análises usuais em blocos ao acaso e em látice, na classificação de famílias de feijoeiro ( Phaseolus vulgaris), sob diferentes cenários de dependência espacial e de precisão experimental. Foram considerados 12 cenários, formados por quatro classes de dependência espacial entre erros (nula, baixa, média e alta) e três classes de precisão experimental (moderada, alta e muito alta). Para as três classes de precisão experimental, foram definidos os valores de acurácia seletiva de: 0,60, 0,80 e 0,95, respectivamente. Já as quatro classes de dependência espacial entre erros assumiram, respectivamente, os seguintes valores de alcance do modelo geoestatístico exponencial: 0, 10, 20 e 40 m. Para experimentos com precisão experimental muito alta ou ausência de dependência espacial, a eficiência da análise espacial para classificação de famílias do feijoeiro é semelhante à eficiência das análises usuais. Para experimentos com alta e, principalmente, com moderada precisão experimental, a análise espacial é mais eficiente que as análises usuais para classificação de famílias de feijoeiro, quando os erros apresentam dependência espacial.
Histologic and inflammatory lamellar changes in horses with oligofructose-induced laminitis treated with a CXCR1/2 antagonist
Authors: Lima Leonardo R. de , Mendes Heloisa M.F. , Soriani Frederico M. , Souza Danielle G. de , Alves Geraldo Eleno S. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Faleiros Rafael R.
Published: March 2016

Abstract: With the hypothesis that blocking chemokine signaling can ameliorate acute laminitis, the aim was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intravenous DF1681B, a selective antagonist for CXCR1 and CXCR2 (chemokine receptors), in an oligofructose equine laminitis model. To twelve mixed breed clinically healthy hoses with no previous history of hoof-related lameness was administered oligofructose (10g/kg given by nasogastric tube) and divided into two groups: treated (intravenous DF1681B at 30mg/kg 6, 12, 18, and 24h after oligofructose) and non-treated groups. Laminar biopsies were performed before and 12, 36, and 72h after administering oligofructose. Samples were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and scored from 0 to 6 according to epidermal cell and basal membrane changes. The IL-1β, IL-6, and CXCL1 RNA expressions were determined by RT-PCR. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to compare times within each group (P<0.05). The PAS grades and IL-1β and IL-6 RNA expression increased in the non-treated group, but remained constant in the treated horses. In conclusion, DF1681B therapy reduced laminar inflammation and epidermal deterioration in treated horses. CXCR1/2 blockage should be considered therapeutically for equine acute laminitis.
Isolamento microbiológico do canal auditivo de cães saudáveis e com otite externa na região metropolitana de Recife, Pernambuco
Authors: Almeida Maína de S. , Santos Sandra B. , Mota André da R. , Silva Luana T.R. da , Silva Leonildo B.G. , Mota Rinaldo A.
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Otite externa (OE) é o termo utilizado para definir a inflamação do conduto auditivo externo; esta doença possui diversas etiologias, ocorre em várias espécies e é particularmente frequente em cães. Os microrganismos da microbiota residente comumente estão envolvidos na etiopatogenia da OE, sendo apontados como agentes perpetuadores da doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o perfil microbiológico de cães com conduto auditivo saudável e com otite na região metropolitana do Recife. Com o auxílio de suabes estéreis foram coletadas amostras das orelhas direita e esquerda de 41 cães, sendo 11 com OE e 30 sem OE. Foi realizado o isolamento bacteriano e fúngico das amostras cultivadas; observou-se positividade em 80% dos cães com orelhas saudáveis e presença de mais de um microrganismo em 38 amostras (63,3%); já nos cães com OE, a positividade foi 95,3%, com infecção polimicrobiana em 77,3% das amostras. No que se refere aos gêneros bacterianos, o perfil de isolamento microbiológico foi idêntico entre os cães otopatas e sadios. Os microrganismos isolados foram Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus, Bacillus sp., Streptococcus sp. e Malassezia sp.
Prevalence study of SNP c.421G>T in the ADAMTS2 gene responsible for dermatosparaxis in White Dorper sheep in Brazil
Authors: Andrade Danilo G.A. , Dalanezi Felipe M. , Trecenti Anelize S. , Cunha Paulo Henrique J. , Borges Alexandre S. , Oliveira-Filho José P.
Published: March 2016

Abstract: Dermatosparaxis is an autosomal recessive disorder of connective tissue; the disorder is clinically characterized by skin fragility and hyperextensibility. Dermatosparaxis in White Dorper sheep is caused by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (c.421G>T) in the ADAM metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 2 (ADAMTS2) gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of this SNP in a White Dorper herd in São Paulo state, Brazil. In this study, we collected blood DNA samples from 303 White Dorper sheep and performed polymerase chain reaction to amplify the SNP region. The samples were sequenced to determine the presence of the SNP in the ADAMTS2 gene. The SNP prevalence in the studied population was 15.5%; this finding indicates that more effective control measures should be used to prevent the inheritance of SNP c.421G>T in the ADAMTS2 gene in Brazilian White Dorper herds.
Partial budget analysis of prepartum antimicrobial therapy and Escherichia coli J5 vaccination of dairy heifers and their effect on milk production and milk quality parameters
Authors: Vargas Renison T. , Souza Fernando N. , Brito Maria Aparecida V.P. , Brito José R.F. , Leite Mônica O. , Fonseca Leorges M. , Sampaio Ivan B.M. , Cerqueira Mônica M.O.P.
Published: March 2016

Abstract: This study aimed to determine whether prepartum antimicrobial and/or Escherichia coli J5 vaccination in dairy heifers influence the milk production, milk quality, and estimate their economic benefit. Thus, 33 dairy heifers were enrolled in four groups using a split-splot design. Groups were: (G1) prepartum antimicrobial infusion and vaccination with an E. coli J5 bacterin, (G2) prepartum antimicrobial infusion, (G3) vaccination with an E. coli J5 bacterin, and (G4) control heifers. Composite milk samples for somatic cell count, total bacteria count and milk composition were collected 15 days after calving and every 15 days until the end of the experiment. Bacteriological analysis was carried out at the end of study. The milk production and the incidence of clinical cases of mastitis, as well as the costs associated with them were recorded. The results demonstrate a reduction on clinical mastitis rates by preventive strategies, which implicated in lower volume of discarded milk (0.99, 1.01, 1.04 and 3.98% for G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively) and higher economic benefit. Thus, in well-managed dairy herds the prevention of heifer mastitis by vaccination or antimicrobial therapy can reduce the amount of antimicrobials needed to treat clinical mastitis cases and the days of discarded milk.
Allelopathic Influence of Residues from Sphagneticola trilobata on Weeds and Crops
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-ARO M. , HERNÁNDEZ-PÉREZ R. , GUILLÉN-SÁNCHEZ D. , TORRES-GARCIA S.
Published: March 2016

The allelopathic effect studied in many cultures has currently generated great expectations that displayed a natural and environmentally friendly tool for weed management using bioherbicides. The objective of this work was to assess allelopathic influence of residues of S. trilobata on the germination and growth of weeds, as well as their relation with some crops and effects on soil properties. Results show that residues from S. trilobata have inhibited the germination of weeds (31.6 - 72%), increasingly with the applied dose. All residue doses of this specie have inhibited dicotyledonous germination, but only maximum concentration has affected monocotyledons. The residues did not affect onion germination, but stimulated it in radish and tomato, while the dose applied at 50% produced tomato stimulation and inhibition of cabbage. The effects of residues on hypocotyl growth in different crops showed changes in species response. For onion, the three doses had negative effects on the growth of hypocotyl, while tomato was stimulated. For radish, the growth was hindered by any dose applied, and were only different (50 and 100%) compared to control. For cabbage, only hypocotyl length was stimulated, when maximum dose (100%) was applied. For the radicle growth, in onion and radish no differences were found compared to control. While the tomato radicle growth was inhibited, in cabbage, all doses encouraged the elongation of the radicle. The dry mass of weed was affected by increased dose of residue (0.49 - 8.8 g m-2), however the soil microflora was stimulated, while the population of Azotobacter spp. was not affect. Some soil properties were affected, the level of organic material, Na+ and electrical conductivity were increased, while pH (H2O) decreased a bit, however it remained basic.