bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Haemodynamic Effects of Arteriovenous Shunts in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Soliman Medhat , Attallah Nizar , Younes Houssam , Park Woo Sup , Bader Feras
Published: February 2022

The arteriovenous shunt (AVS) is the most commonly used vascular access in patients receiving regular haemodialysis. The AVS may have a significant haemodynamic impact on patients with heart failure. Many studies have sought to understand the effect of AVS creation or closure on heart structure and functions, most of which use non-invasive methods, such as echocardiography or cardiac MRI. Data are mainly focused on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and there are limited data on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The presence of an AVS has a significant haemodynamic impact on the cardiovascular system and it is a common cause of high-output cardiac failure. Given that most studies to date use non-invasive methods, invasive assessment of the haemodynamic effects of the AVS using a right heart catheter may provide additional valuable information.
Fundamentación antropológica de la gestión directiva y de la empresa. Un intento de continuación del esquema de actos voluntarios dirigidos al fin de Tomás de Aquino, a partir de las observaciones realizadas por Leonardo Polo
Authors: García-Kihn Marco-Antonio
Published: February 2022

La dirección o gobierno de la empresa es de vital importancia para su desarrollo y el de las personas que en ella trabajan y con quienes se relaciona. El estudio de la base antropológica de la acción puede aportar elementos importantes para la realización de dicha tarea. Para ello se propone un estudio de la propuesta acerca de los actos de la voluntad elaborado por Tomás de Aquino y a partir de los aportes de Leonardo Polo; se inicia con el estudio del afán posesivo y efusivo del hombre y se continúa con un análisis de la propuesta de Aquino a partir de las observaciones de Polo sobre este asunto. En las conclusiones se proponen los campos de aplicación a la gestión directiva y la empresa.
Review of the speeches of the participants of the round table "Development of international cooperation in the field of sports psychology"
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Rogaleva L. N. , Ulaeva L.G. ,   Moscow State University of Sports and Tourism, Moscow, Russia, Noce F. ,   Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Published: February 2022

The article presents the materials of the speeches of the of the round table participants that was held within the framework of the international scientific and practical online conference "Sports psychology in the intercultural space". For the first time in many years, members of the Association of Sports Psychologists of Russia and the CIS countries were able to meet with representatives of the Managing Council of the International Society of Sports Psychology (ISSP) to build a dialogue and cooperation. The article presents the original materials of the participants of the round table, including various aspects of the organizational and practical work of the members of the ISSP Managing Council together with other international associations and federations. Each speaker's report was devoted to a specific topic. At the same time, all the reports complement each other and allow us to understand the current trends in the development of sports psychology in the world. During the round table, the activities of sports psychology associations in Russia, China and India are most fully revealed. An educational project for training specialists in the field of sports and physical exercises initiated by the European Federation of Sports Psychology more than 25 years ago is also considered. The Past President of ISSP Gangyan Si made a report on the initiatives of the ISSP "Think Tank" Center related to the mental health of athletes. The work of ISSP on international certification of specialists in the field of sports psychology is presented in the reports of Chris Harwood and Franco Noce. Professor Daniel Gucciardi made a video presentation about his vision of the main problems in the field of sports psychology and the important role of promoting open science.
In Search of a Monetary Constitution for Brazil
Authors: RONCI MARCIO
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT The present paper examines various episodes of the monetary history of Brazil and other countries as well as the recent empirical evidence to look into critically the two principal proposals of monetary constitution for Brazil: currency board and independent central bank proposals. We outline also a monetary constitution inspired in the Pandiá Calógeras’s Monetary Project (1926) with the only purpose of shedding light on the basic principles involved in the design of a monetary constitution aimed at controlling the power to create money and curbing inflation: (a) separation between the power to create money and the agents that determine public expenditure; (b) a clear monetary rule to constraint the power to create money; and (e) separation of the power to create money from the regulation and supervision of banks.
Notas sobre o Processo de Cálculo de Aplicação de Capital
Authors: STRACHMAN EDUARDO
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Este artigo analisa alguns aspectos importantes que são considerados no processo capitalista de cálculo usado nas decisões de investimento. As bases para esta análise são a argumentação apresentada no quinto capítulo da tese de doutorado de Sílvia Possas (1993). Também são apresentadas algumas reflexões sobre esses argumentos e de pós-keynesianos distintos, pois Possas negligenciou alguns pontos importantes na discussão que ela fez neste capítulo que reelabora alguns raciocínios de Keynes (1936) e desses pós-keynesianos.
Os Impactos do Euro: uma Avaliação
Authors: BERTELLA MÁRIO AUGUSTO
Published: February 2022

RESUMO A introdução de uma moeda única (euro), no início de 1999, é um evento histórico no sistema monetário internacional. Este artigo avalia algumas consequências dessa união monetária no mercado de capitais, no desempenho da Europa, na ameaça do euro em relação ao dólar como reserva de valor e possível fonte de instabilidade nos mercados de câmbio.
União Monetária Europeia - UME: Evolução Recente e Perspectivas
Authors: NUNES RICARDO DA COSTA , NUNES SELENE PERES PERES
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Este artigo discute a singularidade e a estabilidade do modelo proposto para a União Monetária Europeia - UEM, apontando algumas das dificuldades enfrentadas em sua implementação e as chances de superá-las. Também sugere como todos os pontos da integração monetária europeia - independência do banco central, orçamento equilibrado e estabilidade da taxa de câmbio dentro de uma certa faixa de flutuação - são sustentados com a proposta de que a economia funda o auto-ajuste, pois há flexibilidade de salários e preços e a intervenção do Estado permanece o mais curta possível. Assim, a necessidade de convergência do critério econômico e financeiro da UEM e a suficiência de sua conquista para um maior desenvolvimento da Europa diante de outros países trazem a discussão de volta ao paradigma teórico.
A Nova Proposta de Reforma Tributária do Governo: Limites do Possível e Incertezas Envolvidas
Authors: WERNECK ROGÉRIO L. F.
Published: February 2022

RESUMO No final de 1997, o governo brasileiro anunciou a primeira versão de uma reforma tributária que contemplava uma revisão completa da tributação indireta no país. Os impostos sobre o faturamento deveriam ser eliminados e a perda de receita resultante compensada por um novo IVA de base ampla coordenado pelo governo federal, que substituiria os atuais IVAs estaduais incoerentes e o imposto sobre serviços em grande parte mal administrado imposto pelos governos locais. Neste artigo, modelos de simulação são usados para estudar a consistência da reforma proposta e algumas de suas possíveis consequências. Uma estrutura de análise de risco é usada para sublinhar as incertezas mais importantes envolvidas.
Notas sobre a Reforma Previdenciária Brasileira no Contexto do Neoliberalismo e da América Latina*
Authors: MARQUES ROSA MARIA
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Este artigo tem um duplo objetivo. Primeiro, pretendemos discutir o que está em jogo quando a previdência social pública é alterada para sistemas privados com base em economias individuais. Segundo, nosso objetivo é analisar por que as reformas neoliberais são aceitas com mais facilidade nos países da América Latina (com exceção do Brasil) do que nos europeus.
Ativismo trans e reconhecimento: por uma “transcis-rexistência” na política brasileira
Authors: Medeiros Bárbara Novaes , Castro Gustavo Henrique Carvalho de , Siqueira Marcus Vinicius Soares
Published: February 2022

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a luta por reconhecimento do ativismo trans no contexto político brasileiro e propor o conceito de “transcis-rexistência”, para avaliar empiricamente as possibilidades de resistência por meio de alianças que promovam o reconhecimento e a representação de pessoas trans. As discussões são baseadas na teoria do reconhecimento social de Axel Honneth e nas discussões de Anne Phillips e Iris Marion Young sobre a representação descritiva. Mostramos que as candidaturas e os mandatos coletivos promovem a “transcis-rexistência”, desafiando o sistema político brasileiro e considerando a sub-representação política como uma dimensão de não-reconhecimento. A luta coletiva ajuda a construir o reconhecimento intersubjetivo, através da construção de alianças que conectam ideias e perspectivas sociais, assim como atores sociais.
ESTUDO DA DINÂMICA DA INFECÇÃO POR MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM EM UMA POPULAÇÃO SUÍNA ATRAVÉS DE MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Oliveira E.M.D. , Rodriguez C.A. Rosales , Leão S.C. , Amaku M. , Ferreira Neto J.S.
Published: February 2022

RESUMO O presente trabalho estudou, através de modelagem matemática, a dinâmica da infecção por Mycobacterium avium em uma população suína. Para descrever a dinâmica de transmissão de M. avium em granjas de suínos, foi elaborado um modelo de compartimentos. Como esse modelo visava estimar a relação entre taxa de infecção e proporção de suínos que apresentam lesões, detectadas no abate aos 150 dias de idade, resultantes de infecção por M. avium, considerou-se que a dinâmica da doença poderia ser descrita por dois compartimentos de animais: suscetíveis à infecção, e infectados que poderiam vir a apresentar lesões. Através dos resultados obtidos nas simulações realizadas, observou-se que para uma dada força de infecção, a proporção de infectados no final da fase de creche (aqueles que apresentariam lesões no abate) se mantém constante ao longo do tempo, não estando sujeita a variações de caráter sazonal. A simulação matemática da doença, considerando a transmissão horizontal como mecanismo principal da ocorrência de condenações em matadouro por linfadenite granulomatosa é inconsistente com o que se observa na população. Portanto, o componente ambiental tem papel preponderante na dinâmica das infecções micobacterianas dos suínos produzidos no Brasil.
PARASITISMO DE ANISOPTEROMALUS CALANDRAE HOWARD, 1881 (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) SOBRE FORMAS IMATURAS DE LASIODERMA SERRICORNE FABRICIUS, 1792 (COLEOPTERA: ANOBIIDAE) NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ
Authors: Gredilha R. , Carvalho A.R. , Lima A.F. , Mello R.P.
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Nesta nota é relatada o parasitismo de Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre Lasioderma serricorne encontrado infestando rações de animais domésticos em loja de produtos veterinários na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As larvas deste coleóptero foram mantidas vivas sob temperatura, umidade relativa controladas e fotoperíodo de 12h, objetivando-se o desenvolvimento das formas adultas. Das pupas obtidas em laboratório, 84,6% emergiram parasitóides, 10,27% emergiram besouros e de 5,13% das pupas não foi verificada nenhuma emergência. Este parasitóide é considerado um eficiente inimigo natural de alguns vetores e pragas de produtos armazenados sendo, portanto, uma alternativa no controle biológico de Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae).
ADENITE EQÜINA – ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS, AGENTE ETIOLÓGICO E MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICO
Authors: Silva M.S. , Vargas A.C. de
Published: February 2022

RESUMO A criação de eqüinos no Brasil é uma atividade de grande importância econômica, e devido à sua intensificação, enfermidades respiratórias como a adenite eqüina também se exacerbam. Os prejuízos são relacionados à redução da performance, aos custos de tratamento e eventuais mortes. A adenite eqüina é uma enfermidade causada pelo Streptococcus equi subesp. equi, uma bactéria beta-hemolítica, pertencente ao grupo C de Lancefield. Esta revisão tem por objetivo relatar os principais aspectos da enfermidade e características fenotípicas e moleculares do agente e de outras espécies relacionadas ao gênero Streptococcus, bem como relatar as técnicas descritas para o diagnóstico da adenite eqüina.
Effect of pre-gelatinized temperature on physical and nutritional content of indonesian instant cassava leaves porridge: rowe luwa
Authors: Iwansyah Ade Chandra , Apriadi Trian , Arif Dede Zainal , Andriana Yusuf , Indriati Ashri , Mayasti Nurkartika Indah , Luthfiyanti Rohmah
Published: February 2022

Abstract Rowe luwa is a traditional porridge from Southwest Sumba, Indonesia, made from the steamed pulp cassava leaves pounded together with rice. This study examined the effect of pre-gelatinization temperature on the physical quality and nutritional content of instant rowe luwa porridge. The experimental design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with pre-gelatinization temperature factors, viz., 60 °C (X1), 65 °C (X2), 70 °C (X3), 75 °C (X4) and 80 °C (X5). Physical properties were measured by analyzing color, viscosity, rehydration, and syneresis, while for nutritional compositions, water content, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, and energy were evaluated. The simple linear regression was employed to examine the correlation between pre-gelatinization temperature and physical properties or nutritional composition. The results showed that the pre-gelatinization temperature correlated with physical properties, such as: viscosity (r = 0.9924), rehydration (r = 0.807) and syneresis (r = 0.841). Furthermore, the pre-gelatinized temperature significantly affected protein and carbohydrate contents (p < 0.05), while the moisture, ash, and fat contents showed negligible effect (p > 0.05). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that instant rowe luwa porridge prepared with the pre-gelatinization temperature of 80 °C (object X5) had the highest viscosity, rehydration, syneresis, and protein contents compared to the other cooking temperatures. These preliminary data are useful for further research to determine the method and optimization formula of the instant rowe luwa porridge.
CLÁUSULAS ABUSIVAS Y DERECHOS DE LOS CONSUMIDORES EN ECUADOR
Authors: Baquero Mauro Fabián Falconi
Published: February 2022

Es deber primordial del Estado ecuatoriano proteger los derechos reconocidos en la Constitución mediante la creación de normas e instituciones que garanticen el acceso a la justicia ante cualquier violación proveniente de instituciones públicas o particulares. El presente artículo estudia las cláusulas abusivas como uno de los vicios más frecuentes en los contratos de adhesión, definidos como aquellos donde una de las partes se limita a aceptar las cláusulas redactadas por la otra, sin posibilidad de modificarlas o negociar en algún punto que le resulte inaceptable. En consecuencia, es recurrente que algunas de esas cláusulas impuestas resulten abusivas, al imponer condiciones que voluntariamente y en una relación contractual basada en el principio de igualdad la parte afectada no las aceptaría. En ese contexto, se pretende sistematizar los dos tipos de cláusulas que en los contratos de adhesión pueden afectar los derechos de los usuarios y consumidores en Ecuador mediante un análisis teórico y normativo. Para desarrollar el trabajo se aplicó una metodología de enfoque cualitativo con base en los métodos propios de la dogmática jurídica. El resultado es una caracterización de las cláusulas abusivas y las cláusulas prohibidas y su impacto negativo sobre los derechos de los consumidores y usuarios.
Forty years of the African Charter and the reform issues facing the discourse and practice of human rights
Authors: Dersso Solomon
Published: February 2022

During its four decades of existence, the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights has become the grand human rights instrument that inspired and informed the development of norms and institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights both at the national and continental levels. Despite the normative and jurisprudential contributions of the African Charter and the standard of legitimate state behaviour that it established, currently the Charter and the African human rights system face multifaceted challenges raising questions on the relevance and legitimacy of the African Charter-based human rights system. The central message of this article is that the future and continuing credibility of human rights depend on whether and how its existing and emerging flaws are addressed. Using the insights gleaned from the human rights issues that the COVID-19 pandemic laid bare, this contribution seeks to discuss the reform issues facing the discourse and practice of human rights, in general, and that of the African Charter-based system, in particular. To do so, the article draws on a conception of reform that the late Christof Heyns expounded two decades ago. Accordingly, the areas of reform that this contribution identifies relate to changes in the priorities of focus of the discourse and practice of human rights and the approaches to the promotion and protection of human rights.
Implementing transitional justice in post-transition Central African Republic: What viable options?
Authors: Koko Sadiki
Published: February 2022

The Central African Republic currently is in search of the most suitable approach to adopt in order to address serious crimes and human rights violations committed in the country in recent years. This article is a contribution to the ongoing debate relating to transitional justice options in post-transition CAR. It suggests a three-pronged policy; focusing on the perpetrators, the victims and on society generally. The proposed policy in respect of perpetrators refers to the International Criminal Court, the Special Criminal Court and the national judiciary. Amnesty could be granted to suspected perpetrators willing to cooperate fully with transitional justice institutions. Such individuals equally could be subjected to diverse forms of lustration in exchange for forgiveness. As far as victims are concerned reparation programmes should be adopted and the necessary skills provided in order to enable them, their relatives and communities to earn a living. Lastly, society-focused transitional justice initiatives could involve the effective operationalisation of the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation Commission, the establishment of a permanent national peace and dialogue commission and the involvement of community-based mechanisms and religious leadership. Yet, in order to increase the likelihood of success for the proposed transitional justice policy, the overall capacity of the CAR state ought to be significantly improved. Furthermore, external polities will have to refrain from interfering in the country's internal affairs and, at the same time, the international community should increase its support of the CAR.
The right to sustainable development in article 43(3) of the Ethiopian Constitution
Authors: Mekonnen Seid Demeke
Published: February 2022

Article 43(3) of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia provides that all international agreements concluded by the country shall respect Ethiopia's right to sustainable development. The concept of the 'right to sustainable development' contained in this provision is somewhat unclear. Issues such as the right holders and duty bearers, justiciability and binding nature of this right require clarification in order to effectively enforce it. This article argues that both the state and its people, but not individuals, are the right holders of this right. Under the Constitution the state is the duty bearer of fundamental human rights and freedoms, which include the right to sustainable development. It is the duty of the government to ensure that all international agreements adopted by Ethiopia respect the country's right to sustainable development. Although this right is contained in the Constitution as a goal and group right which does not impose a binding obligation to be enforced by courts, the state should take steps to progressively realise the right by adopting international agreements that incorporate the economic, social and environmental objectives of sustainable development in a balanced manner. In general, the government has a 'soft constitutional obligation' to respect and enforce the right to sustainable development stipulated in article 43(3) in order to protect development-related national interests, ensure legal certainty and consistency, and avoid indirect foreign interference which may occur under the disguise of international agreements and cooperation.
The rights of victims of core international crimes to reparation in Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemo Deborah D
Published: February 2022

Generally, the rights to reparation of victims of crime is largely controverted, especially in common law jurisdictions such as Nigeria where there is no express provision conferring or denying such right. With the rising number of victims of core international crimes in Nigeria, there is an increasing need to evaluate Nigeria's disposition to the plight of victims of core international crimes within its jurisdiction in light of the provisions of the Rome Statute. The article evaluates the possibility of the recognition of the right of victims of core international crimes to reparation in Nigeria. Although there are fragmentary provisions in the existing legislation that may be explored to ground the rights to reparations of victims of domestic crimes generally, the flaws and inadequacy of those laws are apparent in the face of the gravity and demands of core international crimes. The article argues that Nigeria owes an obligation to repair the harms suffered by victims of core international crimes in line with the provisions of article 75 of the Rome Statute which unequivocally confers such rights on victims, and the principle of ubi jus ibi remedium. The article concludes by making concise recommendations with respect to legal provisions on victims' rights to reparation in Nigeria in the context of international criminal law.
Duty without liability: The impact of article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights on the right to health care in Nigeria
Authors: Olumese Olu
Published: February 2022

The right to health care under article 12 of ICESCR is an instrumental right because it bears vital linkages to the realisation of other rights. For the many Nigerians living in poverty, their health may be the only asset on which they can rely for the exercise of other rights, such as the right to work or the right to adequate housing. Conversely, ill-health can be a liability to the many people living in poverty in Nigeria, even more so in the absence of equal access to affordable and essential healthcare services. This article aims to review the implication of article 12 of ICESCR on some of the existing initiatives for achieving the right to health care in Nigeria, especially in respect of human rights law and policy. The article argues that for Nigeria to meet its international obligations under the right to health care, it must commit to adequate funding of healthcare services and engage with regional and international partners to ensure compliance with article 12 of ICESCR. Given that the right to health care presently is not justiciable in Nigeria because of the ouster clause contained in section 6(6)(c) of the Nigerian Constitution, the article calls for an attitudinal change in the judicial perception of economic and social rights that come before the courts. It urges Nigerian courts to adopt the principle of the interdependency and indivisibility of rights, whereby judicial measures to enforce the right are given effect through the formally-enforceable civil and political rights contained in chapter four of the Nigerian Constitution. The Indian Supreme Court is reputable for taking this approach to the interpretation and enforcement of economic and social rights because the enjoyment of civil and political rights is linked to the satisfaction of economic and social rights, such as the right to health care. Finally, because of the importance of health care to a life of dignity, the article calls for Nigerian courts to adopt a progressive and broader approach when dealing with economic and social rights because of the evident connection between, for example, the right to health care and the right to life.
[RETRACTED] Oros CBD Gummies - (Scam Alert 2022) - Shocking Side Effects On Body -Revealed Everything! v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Oros
Published: February 2022

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Authors: not provided sikamoraenaop
Published: February 2022

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[RETRACTED] Oros CBD Gummies - (Is It Legit Or Hoax?) -Real Reviews Read Here ...Revealed Everything! v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Oros
Published: February 2022

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[RETRACTED] Oros CBD Gummies - Another Fake Promise To Relief Pain Or Legit Gummies? Real Reviews v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Oros
Published: February 2022

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Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of the double mobility in oncological hip replacement
Authors: Mikailov I. M. , Tikhilov R. M. , Ptashnikov D. A. , Grigoryev P. V.
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Currently, the achievements of oncological hip replacement play an important role in the treatment  and rehabilitation of patients with a tumor lesion of the proximal femur.  

The study objective – to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the acetabulum component with double mobility  in oncological hip replacement.  

Materials and methods. Our prospective study included 108 patients operated in the Department of Bone Oncology  of the R.R. Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of Russia  for a tumor lesion of the proximal femur in the period from 2014 to 2019.  There were 65 (60.2 %) women, 43 (39.8 %) men. The median age was 52.1 years. Primary malignant bone tumors were  identified in 19 (17.6 %) cases; benign aggressive and tumor-like diseases in 18 (16.6 %) cases; metastatic lesion  in 71 (65.8 %) cases.  Patients operated with bipolar heads were included in Group 1B – 53 (49 %). The 2D Group included 55 (51 %) patients  operated with the use of the acetabulum component with dual mobility.  Classification and analysis of complications was carried out according to the international system International Society  of Limb Salvage 2014 (ISOLS 2014). The functional result was evaluated using the international Musculoskeletal Tumor  Society (MSTS) system and the Harris Orthopedic scale (Harris Hip Score) in terms of 3, 6 and 12 months.  

Results. The total number of complications detected during the follow-up period from 2014 to 2020 was 13 (12 %) cases.  Type I complications (ISOLS 2014) were represented by dislocation of the endoprosthesis – subtype IA, which was detected in 7 (6.4 %) patients operated with bipolar heads. There were no cases of dislocation of the endoprosthesis  in the group operated with the use of double mobility (p = 0.006).  We were able to identify a statistically significantly better functional result in patients operated with using of double  mobility at all follow-up periods, both on the MSTS scale and on the Harris scale (p = 0.004).  The five-year survival rate for aggressive benign tumors and tumor-like diseases was 92 %; for malignant primary tumors – 82 %; in patients with secondary bone lesions – 60 %.  

Conclusion. Today, oncological hip replacement, is still lags behind in functional results from primary standard hip arthroplasty, and the number of complications is still several times higher. We consider that one of the solutions of this  problem, is a wider use of acetabulum components with dual mobility in oncoortopedic practice.
Lütfi Ömer Akad Sineması’nda Sinematografik Tercihlerin Diyet Filmi Üzerinden Tartışılması
Authors: KIREL Serpil , BAŞER YETİMOĞLU Ayten
Published: February 2022

Lütfi Ömer Akad Türkiye’de sinema deneyimine dair kurucu isimlerden biridir. Akad sinema yapma pratiğini deneyimleyerek öğrenen bir kuşağa aittir ve filmografisi dikkatle incelendiğinde sinema dili ve anlatım stratejileri üzerine yoğunlaştığı görülür. Bilindiği gibi Akad, Kanun Namına filminde kamerayı sokağa “taşır” ve yine aynı filmde paralel kurgulama ile öykü anlatımına da bir yenilik kazandırır. Akad Göç Üçlemesi olan Gelin, Düğün ve Diyet filmlerinde ise göç ve kentle karşılaşma sonucu yaşanan değişimleri toplumsal gerçekçi bir perspektifle ele alır.Bu çalışmada Diyet (1974) filmi ekseninde Akad’ın sinemasal anlam dünyasını oluştururken başvurduğu unsurların neler olduğuna, filmsel anlatının merkezine alınan çalışma hayatı ve çalışan ilişkilerinin sorgulanmasına dair önemli meselelerin nasıl bir sinemasal dil ile aktarıldığına dair ipuçlarını somut bir şekilde kavrayabilmek amacıyla içerik analizi, auteur kuramı ve istatistiksel çözümleme yolu seçilmiştir. Diyet filmi merkezinde uygulanan içerik analizi, auteur kuramı ve istatiksel analiz yöntemi sonucunda elde edilen bulgular neticesinde Akad’ın ağırlıklı olarak orta ölçekli planlar kullandığı, kamerasını göz hizasında tuttuğu, film dilini görselleştirirken kimi zaman simgesel anlatıma başvurduğu, filmde yabancılaştırma efekti kullanarak seyircisi ile filmdeki karakterler arasında bir “iletişim” kurulmasına önem verdiği anlaşılmıştır. Akad’ın, Diyet filminde başvurduğu sinemasal tercihleri ile dönemin çalışma koşullarına dair bilinç oluşumuna katkıda bulunma konusunda duyduğu sorumluluğu özenli biçimde yerine getiren bir sinema emekçisi olduğu açıktır.
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards emergency contraceptive pills and factors hindering its use among femareproductive age group visiting urban health centre at Rajbiraj, Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Sabina
Published: February 2022

Background: Unintended pregnancy, unplanned birth and unsafe abortion have been a major challenge to the reproductive health of women worldwide. Despite the availability of highly effective methods of contraception, still many pregnancies are unwanted predisposing them to higher risk of mortality, often due to unsafe abortion. These unwanted pregnancies can be prevented using emergency contraceptive pills. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency contraceptive pills and factors hindering its use among females of reproductive age group.Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 416 females of reproductive age group visiting urban heath centre of Rajbiraj, selected by purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using pretested semi-structured questionnaire after written informed consent. Descriptive & inferential statistics were used to analyze the data generated.Results: Out of 416 respondents, 34.6% were aware of emergency contraceptive pills and majority (56.9%) of them got to know it from Media. Among respondents who were aware of ECPs, 64% had good knowledge of it, 90% had positive attitude towards ECPs and 63% have used it earlier. A significant association was found between age, residence, educational level and occupational status with awareness of ECPs. Lack of awareness regarding ECPs has been hindering the usage of ECPs in emergencies to prevent unwanted pregnancies.Conclusions: Awareness and utilization of ECPs is low among females of terai region. Therefore awareness should be raised through formal education and communication by health personnel and through mass media which could provide reliable and accurate knowledge on ECPs.
Pregnancy identity card of women with fetal death in utero: case-control study in a reference hospital in metropolitan Cameroon
Authors: Metogo Ntsama Junie Annick , Tatsipie Wilfried Loic , Bayokolak Amandine , Mboua Veronique Batoum , Mbianda Chanelle , Um Esther Meka Ngo , Ndoua Claude Cyrille Noa , Foumane Pascal
Published: February 2022

Background: Intrauterine fetal death is the death of the fetus in the uterus beyond 22 weeks of gestational age and/or weighing 500g. It is frequent in developing countries, showing that, efforts and progress still need to be made in the follow-up of high risk pregnancies. The general objective of our study was to identify the associated factors of intrauterine fetal death at the Yaounde gynaeco-obstetric and paediatric hospital. Methods: We conducted a case-control study at the Yaounde gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital from January 1 April to 30April 2021. The cases were all women admitted in the service of obstetrics and gynaecology with fetal death from 22 completed weeks of gestation and above confirmed by ultrasound and willing to participate in the study and the controls were any women admitted in the service who gave birth to a live fetus and willing to participate with maternal age as the matching criteria. We recruited 42 cases for 84 controls making one case for two controls. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 23.0 and excel 2016.Results: The associated factors for intrauterine fetal death found during our study were: being single (ORa=3,6; CI= 1.3-1.9), less than four antenatal consultations (ORa=3.6; CI=1.3-10.1) and being followed by a midwife (ORa=6.6; CI=1.0-41.7).Conclusions: The elements of the identity card of a pregnant woman with fetal death in utero are: being single, less than four antenatal consultations and being followed by a midwife.
Assessing the knowledge and attitude of menstrual hygiene among high school students, and menstrual practices among high school girls in rural Rwanda
Authors: Isano Sandra , Iradukunda Irakoze Genereuse , Ingabire Peace , Igiraneza Beula , Nkurunziza Fred , Wong Rex
Published: February 2022

Background: This study sought to assess the knowledge, attitude about menstruation among high school teachers, boys and girls in Butaro, a rural area in northern Rwanda. In addition, the menstrual hygiene practices of the high school girls were also assessed; to inform the design of intervention.Methods: A school-based cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 339 people in three high schools in a rural region in Rwanda.Results: Thirty-two teachers and 307 secondary school boys and girls were surveyed. Only 9.8% of students had good knowledge related to menstrual health, with slightly more schoolgirls (13.9%) than schoolboys (5%). Feeling insecure, scared, and worried that others could smell them, were the common menstrual-related concerns cited by girls. About 20% of girls used cloth to manage their menstrual flow and 22.3% reported menstrual-related school absenteeism; lack of sanitary protection products and fear of being teased were among the most prominent reasons.Conclusions: Providing accessible facilities for girls to change, pain medication, and sufficient sanitary pads are necessary. Reusable sanitary pads and menstrual cups could be cheaper and more sustainable alternatives to commercial menstrual products. Cultivating a psychologically safe school environment is necessary.
The epidemiological profile of women screened for precancerous cervical lesions at Benjamin Ngoubou Regional Hospital in Tchibanga, Gabon
Authors: Ledaga Nathalie Ambounda , Woromogo Sylvian Honore , Yagata-Moussa Felicite-Emma , Mihindou Astride Smeige , Simo Tekem Vicky Noel , Kouanang Alain Jepang
Published: February 2022

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer after breast cancer, with about 528,000 new cases reported per year. This study aimed at determining the epidemiological profile of women screened for precancerous cervical lesions in the region of Tchibanga, Gabon.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 144 women as sample for study Using Statistical Package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0, the socio-demographic, epidemiological characteristics and gynaeco-obstetrical history of the participants were obtained and presented by simple frequencies. The relative socioeconomic status of screened females was measured using the simplified calculation of the socio-economic position index.Results: The under 25 age group accounted for 32%. Non-menopausal women accounted for 86.8% and menopausal women 13.2% in the sample in this study. Women with at least 3 partners accounted for 88.3% of participants diagnosed with dysplasia. Participants with chlamydia accounted for 53.2% of women diagnosed with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). Multigestures and large multigestures accounted for 70.6% of participants with dysplasia. The prevalence of precancerous states was 11.8%, classified into CIN 1/condylomas, CIN 2 and CIN 3/CIS.Conclusions: Making screening a regular activity is important. Awareness-raising sessions on the benefits of screening and the fight against sexually transmitted diseases should be conducted, as well as the early treatment of Chlamydia infections.
Evaluation of the complications of the in situ versus uterine exteriorization repair of caesarean section uterine incision
Authors: Abdelfattah Eman Aly , Elfazary Hisham Adel , Galal Hisham Mostafa , Elgyar Salwa Mostafa Mohammed
Published: February 2022

Background: caesarean section is the most performed major operation around the world. In this study we aim to compare in situ repair of caesarean section uterine incision to repair with uterine exteriorization.Methods: The study was conducted on 200 patients at El-Shatby maternity university hospital during the period from June 2019 to June 2020 and after ethical committee approval and obtaining an informed consent. All cases were 37 weeks gestation or more with singleton fetus prepared to have caesarean section. They were randomly allocated into 2 groups each of 100 participants: group A: with exteriorization repair of the uterus, group B: with in situ repair. After history taking, examination and laboratory investigations, elective caesarean section was done under spinal anesthesia. After delivery of the fetus and placenta, the uterus was repaired either in situ or after exteriorization followed by closure of the abdomen in layers. We assessed: primary outcome: blood loss. secondary outcome: nausea or vomiting, hypotension, operative time and duration of uterine repair, tachycardia, uterine contractility and hematoma formation. Post-operative pain, febrile illness, time of ambulation, time of return of bowel function were also assessed. Data were collected and submitted to statistical analysis. Results: In situ repair had a statistically significant decrease in intra operative nausea, vomiting and tachycardia. Exteriorization resulted in significantly shorter duration of uterine repair; unlikely duration of the whole surgery was not statistically significant. Return of intestinal sounds was statistically significant in favour of in situ repair.Conclusions: There is no definite or absolute privilege of in-situ repair versus exteriorization.
Study of correlation between fetomaternal outcome with placental location at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Sitimani Anita , Sai Balumuri Pooja , S. Bandamma Narendra , Prabhudev Prema
Published: February 2022

Background: The site of implantation and location of placenta can affect the blood supply of placenta which is likely important determinant of placental blood flow and pregnancy outcome.Methods: In our study 240 pregnant women of 19-35 years, singleton ≥28 weeks underwent ultrasound examination for placental localization.Results: Majority of pregnant women were from 21-25 years age, multigravida and placental location in majority was lateral. Adverse events were PROM, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, IUGR, preterm birth was noted with lateral location of placenta.Conclusions: A significant association was noted between lateral placentation of placenta and adverse fetomaternal outcome. Ultrasound examination can be used as non-invasive predictor of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
Evaluation of cases of spontaneous conceptions during COVID-19 outbreak and lock down: multicentric retrospective analytic study
Authors: Patil Deepak
Published: February 2022

Background: With lockdown and cessation of non essential, life saving treatment options couples registered at ART centres were dismayed. The aspirations of numerous couples and their families were left in a lurch. Unexpectedly cases of spontaneous conceptions in this pool of patients were a ray of hope.Methods: In this multicentric retrospective analytic study, we evaluated all cases of spontaneous pregnancies and compared them with the cohort of couples registered at our ART centers. The objective of the study was to study impact of pandemic on ART registered couples.Results: Comparisons showed that the patients who had conceived were younger with a shorter duration of infertility. More of unexplained infertile patients conceived as compared to those with known etiology. Genital tuberculosis remained constant subset of patient who conceived spontaneously as before. Conclusions: Age and duration of infertility remains important prognostic indicator for spontaneous conception in Infertile couples. The pandemic had positive impact on conception rate in our clientele.
Study of surgical site infection in patients undergoing caesarean section at tertiary care center, Gujarat
Authors: Prajapati Vishal , Modi Komal P.
Published: February 2022

Background: Surgical site infection following cesarean delivery leads to increasing the duration of patient hospitalization, hospital costs and raise the burden on our healthcare system. The incidence of SSI after cesarean range from 3% to 5%. Objective of current investigation was to study the risk factor & microbial agents responsible for SSI in LSCS and impact of SSI on perinatal outcome.Methods: This prospective study was done among 324 pregnant women undergoing LSCS at department of obstetrics and Gynecology in GMERS medical college & hospital, Sola, Ahmedabad during April 2015 to April 2016. All patients were following up to 7thpostoperative day.SSI was defined by CDC criteria.Results: The incidence of SSI noted in present study was 8.02%. Almost 46.2% cases had BMI ≥25 kg/m2, 65.4% multipara, 34.6% resided in rural area of SSI group. PIH, PROM, LSCS in emergency, multiple vaginal examination (>3), perioperative blood glucose (≥110 mg/dl), duration of surgery (≥60 min), past H/O of LSCS noted in participants of SSI was 30.8%, 30.8%, 96.1, 19.3%, 84.6%, 23.1%), 73.1% respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common microorganism identified and incidence of NICU admission was 11.5% in SSI group.Conclusions: Incidence of SSI in present is 8.02%. BMI, PIH, PROM, LSCS in emergency, multiple vaginal examination (>3), perioperative blood glucose (≥110 mg/dl), duration of surgery (≥60 min), Past H/O of LSCS were noted statistically significantly higher among the participants of SSI group. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism identified.
Feto-maternal outcome in cases of antepartum hemorrhageat a tertiary care hospital-a retrospective study
Authors: Singh Puja , Agarwal Shubhra , Najam Rehana
Published: February 2022

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is described as bleeding from or into the genital tract which occurs after 24 weeks of pregnancy and before prior to birth of infant. As per RCOG Guidelines in India, viable period is 28 weeks. APH is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality mostly in perinatal period worldwide and almost 3-5% of all the pregnancies are complicated because of it. Objectives of the study were to analyse incidence, risk factors of APH and to study the outcomes, the mode of delivery, perinatal mortality and also maternal mortality in APH.Methods: A retrospective study conducted on patients who were admitted to TMMC and RC with complaints of bleeding per vagina after 28 weeks of pregnancy over a period of 1 year (December 2019-2020).Results: A total of 100 patients with APH out of 1440 deliveries were noted which calculated the incidence to 6.9%. Out of all APH cases, the patients having placenta praevia made 65% of the total cases, abruptio placenta were 34% and undetermined cause was up to 1%. Out of majority of patients of APH, almost 62% were emergency cases. The incidence calculated for un-booked cases was far more. 15 patients having placenta praevia underwent curettage after having a spontaneous abortion. Among all patients of placenta previa, 9 patients had history of 1 previous c-section with incidence of 13% while 5 cases had history of 2 previous section with incidence of 7.6%. Placenta previa type 1 has an incidence of 12%, type 2-20%, type 3-38.4% and type 4-29.2%. The 76.9% patients of placenta praevia underwent caesarean section and 23% of patients underwent spontaneously delivery. APH can lead to a variable degree of maternal and perinatal mortality. Maternal mortality in study was 5% due to placenta previa and 7% due to abruption.Conclusions: The incidence of APH could be reduced by taking some preventive measures like early registration, regular antenatal care, promptly detecting high risk cases, and early referral to higher centre. The incidence of maternal and fetal mortality due to abruption still remains high.
Glycosylated fibronectin positivity in the spectrum of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in relation to the severity and adverse outcomes
Authors: Devabhaktuni Pratibha , Ponnuru Malati , Devang Chaithra L. , Rao P. V.
Published: February 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to estimate the levels of glycosylated fibronectin (GlyFn) in preeclampsia (PE), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and to correlate with the severity of the disease, adverse outcomes and complications. The study included 77 cases of HDP that were managed in the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Modern Government Maternity Hospital (MGMH), Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad.Methods: This study was a prospective non-interventional analytical investigative study. To ascertain the performance of this biomarker, GlyFn, we evaluated the LumellaTM GlyFn POC test.Results: GlyFn positivity percentage was found to be highest in eclampsia (78.57%), next in PE with severe features 74.07%, in HELLP syndrome and gestational hypertension (HTN) (71.42%). In PE without severe features (66.66%) and in chronic HTN with PE superimposed (55.55%). Maternal complications include: abruption 5 (6.57%), thrombocytopenia 3 (3.94%), acute kidney injury (AKI) 3 (3.94%), post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) 3 (3.94%), and ascites 3 (3.94%). Perinatal outcome in 77 cases include: fetal growth restriction in 18 (23.37%) and total perinatal mortality was 14 (18.18%).Conclusions: GlyFn positivity was found to be highest in eclampsia and the severe forms of PE. The positivity declined in the less severe disease. The birth weight in the severe forms of PE group was significantly lower (p<0.0006). The differences in the birth weight among the GlyFn positive and normal groups was not significant for this population size (p=0.38).