bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A non-disruptive and efficient knock-in approach allows fate tracing of resident osteoblast progenitors during repair of vertebral lesions in medaka
Authors: Tan Wen Hui , Winkler Christoph
Published: May 2022

During bone development and repair, osteoblasts are recruited to bone deposition sites. To identify the origin of recruited osteoblasts, cell lineage tracing using Cre/loxP recombination is commonly used. However, a confounding factor is the use of transgenic Cre drivers that do not accurately recapitulate endogenous gene expression or the use of knock-in Cre drivers that alter endogenous protein activity or levels. Here, we describe a CRISPR/Cas9 homology-directed repair knock-in approach that allows efficient generation of Cre drivers controlled by the endogenous gene promoter. In addition, a self-cleaving peptide preserves the reading frame of the endogenous protein. Using this approach, we generated col10a1p2a-CreERT2 knock-in medaka and show that tamoxifen-inducible CreERT2 efficiently recombined loxP sites in col10a1 cells. Similar knock-in efficiencies were obtained when two unrelated loci (osr1 and col2a1a) were targeted. Using live imaging, we traced the fate of col10a1 osteoblast progenitors during bone lesion repair in the medaka vertebral column. We show that col10a1 cells at neural arches represent a mobilizable cellular source for bone repair. Together, our study describes a previously unreported strategy for precise cell lineage tracing via efficient and non-disruptive knock-in of Cre.
Η διδασκαλία του αλγοριθμικού προγραμματισμού στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση με χρήση ήχου
Authors: Σκληρού Θεοφανή
Published: May 2022

Στη Δευτεροβάθμια Εκπαίδευση, ενώ επιτυγχάνουμε τους στόχους του προγράμματος σπουδών, θεωρείται δύσκολο να διδάξουμε τον προγραμματισμό (αρκετές μελέτες παρουσιάζονται σ’ αυτήν την έρευνα). Ωστόσο, όταν η διδασκαλία υποστηρίζεται από κατάλληλες μεθοδολογίες, η μαθησιακή διαδικασία μπορεί να βελτιωθεί. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, σε πρώτη φάση, στο Κεφάλαιο 1, που αποτελεί το εισαγωγικό κεφάλαιο,περιγράφεται ο ρόλος και ο σκοπός του αλγοριθμικού προγραμματισμού στη Δευτεροβάθμια Εκπαίδευση, καθώς και τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα, ο σκοπός και η διάρθρωση της διατριβής. Στο Κεφάλαιο 2 γίνεται μία συνοπτική αναδρομή στη σημερινή κατάσταση των εκπαιδευτικών εργαλείων. Η παρούσα διατριβή ασχολείται με τις διαφορετικές προσεγγίσεις διδασκαλίας του προγραμματισμού στη Δευτεροβάθμια Εκπαίδευση και εξετάζει στα Κεφάλαια 3, 4 και 5 το πιθανό όφελος των ηχητικών σημάτων ως συμπληρωματικό εργαλείο διδασκαλίας. Βασίζεται σε μεθοδολογία συμμετοχικής παρατήρησης, πειραματισμού, ποσοτικής, ποιοτικής ανάλυσης και αξιολόγησης.Επιπλέον, παρουσιάζονται η περιγραφή, η ανάλυση, η αξιολόγηση των προτεινόμενων διδακτικών σεναρίων και στο Κεφάλαιο 6 τα συμπεράσματα των μαθητών. Δημιουργήθηκαν ηχητικές ειδοποιήσεις με αντιστοίχιση διαφορετικών ερεθισμάτων ήχου σε συγκεκριμένες ενέργειες και λειτουργίες προγραμματισμού, όπως η επιτυχής ανάθεση του σωστού τύπου δεδομένων σε μια μεταβλητή. Τόσο η επιλογή των ηχητικών ερεθισμάτων, όσο και η χρήση των ηχητικών σημάτων στον προγραμματισμό, αξιολογήθηκαν μέσω υποκειμενικών μελετών. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι συμμετέχοντες προτιμούν τους τεχνητούς ήχους σε σχέση με τους φυσικούς (προ-καταγεγραμμένους) για όλους τους τύπους προειδοποιήσεων. Διαπιστώθηκε, επίσης, ότι οι χρήστες προτιμούν τις προειδοποιήσεις ήχου που σχετίζονται με ενέργειες που πρόκειται να γίνουν, τα σφάλματα, την επιτυχή εκτέλεση κώδικα, έλεγχο συνθηκών και τις επαναληπτικές διαδικασίες, σηματοδοτώντας την εκτέλεση βήμα προς βήμα του κώδικα. Τα αποτελέσματα των δοκιμών έδειξαν ότι οι μαθητές κατανοούν καλύτερα τις έννοιες και τη χρήση εντολών κώδικα όταν χρησιμοποιούν ένα περιβάλλον προγραμματισμού εμπλουτισμένο με ήχο, από ένα συμβατικό περιβάλλον.Η διατριβή ολοκληρώνεται με την παρουσίαση της πιθανής μελλοντικής εξέλιξης και αξιοποίησης του προτεινόμενου μοντέλου στα μελλοντικά προγραμματιστικά περιβάλλοντα διδασκαλίας στο Κεφάλαιο 7, καθώς και με την αξιολόγηση των σημαντικότερων αποτελεσμάτων της προσέγγισης. Αυτά τα αποτελέσματα είναι το κίνητρο για τη δημιουργία μιας βάσης δεδομένων ηχητικών και φωνητικών μηνυμάτων και ενός νέου ολοκληρωμένου εκπαιδευτικού εργαλείου που χρησιμοποιεί τον ήχο, που θα αποτελέσει ένα νέο βοήθημα για τους εκπαιδευτικούς ώστε να μπορέσουν να διδάξουν αποτελεσματικότερα τον αλγοριθμικό προγραμματισμό στους μαθητές τους, να ενισχύσουν-βελτιώσουν τη διάδραση στην τάξη και να χρησιμεύσει στην περαιτέρω έρευνα για τα οφέλη του ήχου και την ψυχοακουστική αντίληψη των εφήβων.
PENINGKATAN PERAN KADER KESEHATAN DALAM DETEKSI DINI RISIKO PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULER DENGAN JAKARTA KARDIOVASKULER SKOR
Authors: Martiningsih Martiningsih , Wulandari Ade
Published: May 2022

Penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV) adalah penyakit yang disebabkanÂ oleh gangguan fungsi jantung dan pembuluh darah yang dapat dicegah terutama pada kelompok berisiko. PencegahanÂ  perilaku berisiko dan merubahnya menjadi perilaku yang menunjang kesehatan melalui edukasi menjadi penting dalam upaya preventif jangka panjang yang terus berkelanjutan dan bersinergi dengan program yang menunjang kesehatan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan edukasi deteksi dini risiko PKV bagi kader kesehatan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Penapali Kecamatan Woha Kabupaten Bima-NTB pada 19 kader kesehatan, pada hari Sabtu-Minggu, tanggal 26-27 Oktober 2019 berupa penyuluhan kesehatan tentang deteksi dini risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler menggunakan Jakarta kardiovaskuler skor (JKS) melalui media leaflet dilanjutkan demonstrasi pengukuran tekanan darah,tinggi badan, berat badan dan menghitung indeks massa tubuh serta diskusi penggunaan JKS untuk mengetahui besarnya risiko PKV. Karakteristik kader kesehatan yang mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan semuanya adalah perempuan, pada kelompok usia 21 â€“ 45 tahun. Penilaian risiko pada kader kesehatan menunjukkan hasil semua peserta dapat melakukan pengukuran dan hasil penilaian dengan JKS pada kelompok kader menunjukkan 100% Â kader pada kelompok risiko rendah PKV namun temuan lain mengindikasikan bahwa faktor risiko terbanyak adalah pada indeks massa tubuh melebihi normal (overweigh dan obesitas 55,6%). Kedepannya peran kader perlu ditingkatkan melalui kelas edukasiÂ  dan program edukasi Â berkelanjutan.
EDUKASI KESEHATAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT DUSUN GENTUNGAN, DESA KEDUNGPOH, KECAMATAN NGLIPAR, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Matahari Ratu , Andini Sari , Septyani Della
Published: May 2022

Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) dan Penyakit Menular (PM) masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan baik di level nasional maupun regional. Beberapa penyakit tidak menular diantaranya adalah stroke, hipertensi, dan kanker. Sedangkan penyakit menular yang banyak terjadi adalah TB, diare, demam berdarah dengue, leptospirosis, dan juga penyakit menular seksual. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman kelompok mitra terkait cara pencegahan penyakit tidak menular dan penyakit menular. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 24-25 Februari 2019. Metode edukasi yang dilakukan pada kegiatan ini berupa penyuluhan terhadap kelompok mitra yaitu kelompok PKK. Hasil proses edukasi yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan kelompok mitra terkait penyakit tidak menular dan menular meningkat pasca diberikan intervensi teoritis.
UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN MASALAH KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA DI KECAMATAN JETIS, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Isni Khoiriyah , Fantika Fairuz , Saputri Novia Anggrahini , Lestari Eva
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan kesehatan reproduksi remaja masih menjadi perhatian pemerintah dan masyarakat, tidak terkecuali pada remaja di Kelurahan Cokrodiningratan, Jetis, Yogyakarta. Tingginya aktivitas dan mobilitas remaja di daerah perkotaan membuat remaja kurang mendapatkan informasi kesehatan reproduksi remaja dengan tepat. Program kerja ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran, dan keterampilan remaja terkait masalah kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberian edukasi kesehatan reproduksi remaja, bermain peran (role play), dan studi kasus. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama dua bulan dengan melibatkan 56 remaja di Kelurahan Cokrodiningratan. Partisipasi aktif para remaja sangat jelas terlihat selama pelaksanaan kegiatan. Harapannya kegiatan ini dapat berkelanjutan sehingga dapat berkontribusi dalam menekan angka kasus permasalahan kesehatan reproduksi remaja.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI DI DESA DADAPAYU KECAMATAN SEMANU GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Ayu Suci Musvita , Pungkasan Pupung - , Novitasari Lia Anjar
Published: May 2022

Â MP-ASI merupakan makanan terbaik dan utama karena mempunyai kandungan zat gizi yang sangat diperlukan untuk melindungi bayi dari berbagai penyakit terutama penyakit infeksi dan pencegahan dalam kekurangan gizi pada bayi usia 6 bulan sampai 24 bulan. Tujuan pemberian penyuluhan dan pelatihan tentang MP-ASI yaitu untuk meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terkait pentingnya pemberian MP-ASI.Â  Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan secara langsung kepada ibu-ibu dengan pemberian pengetahuan dan praktik pembuatan makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) secara langsung. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan berjalan dengan baik dan peserta aktif mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan sampai selesai. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan dilakukan dengan interaktif antara narasumber dengan peserta pelatihan.Â
EDUKASI KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI TERPADU DALAM PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS MASJID DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Akrom Akrom , Rosenna Malya Veda , Sukma Irawan , Turmudzi Ahmad , Ghifary Muhammad Irza , Saputra Bimo Eka Yudha , Veniati Veniati , Amalia Nur Rizky , Sari Dini Novi  Endah , Permatasari Ade
Published: May 2022

Telah dilakukan usaha pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam bentuk edukasi kesehatan reproduksi (KR) padakelompok dewasa dan lansia oleh Tim Pelaksana di RW 6, Cokrodiningratan, Yogyakarta. Tujuan dari programpemberdayaan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran dan ketrampilan berperilaku sesuai KR yang baikpada masyarakat kelompok sasaran. Pelaksanaan program pemberdayaan dilakukan selama 2 bulan. Sebagaipusat aktivitas program pemberdayaan berlokasi di Masjid Nurul Iman Jetisharjo. Aktivitas pemberdayaanmenggunakan beberapa pendekatan sesuai target. Tim Pelaksana pemberdayaan adalah dosen bersamamahasiswa yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan dan modul materi pemberdayaan. Tahapan pelaksanaan programpemberdayaan adalah persiapan, perencanaan dan pelaksanaan. Telah dilakukan 6 kegiatan edukasi KR.Ceramah umum dalam rangka Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW berisi tentang pola asuh anak berdasar jeniskelamin dan peran keluarga sebagai sarana pencegahan penyimpangan perilaku seksual. Kegiatan sapa anakkost telah digunakan untuk melakukan penyuluhan kelompok tentangKR bagi para warga kost. Kegiatanpelatihan berbasis kasus, role play serta cerdas cermat sebagai upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan danketrampilan pencegahan kekerasan seksual. Penyuluhan pada kegiatan senam lansia tentang pencegahanosteoporosis. Berdasarkan serangkaian program edukasi KR ini telah menumbuhkan kesadaran tentangpentingnya edukasi KR secara benar, pentingnya agama dan masjid sebagai basis pencegahan perilaku seksualmenyimpang.
PELATIHAN VERTICAL GARDEN DALAM OPTIMALISASI LORONG SAYUR DI LAHAN SEMPIT KECAMATAN NGAMPILAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Utami Inggita , Elisthatiana Yeni , Mustaghfiroh Zulfa , Yunita Vera
Published: May 2022

Pembangunan di perkotaan berdampak pada semakin sempitnya lahan pertahan maupun lahan pekarangan, sehingga diperlukan inovasi urban farming untuk bercocok tanam di lahan yang sempit. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pelatihan pembuatan vertical garden kepada warga Kelurahan Notoprajan Kecamatan Ngampilan Yogyakarta untuk mengoptimalkan lorong sayur di lahan sempit. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan pemberian edukasi dan pelatihan kepada ibu-ibu PKK (Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) dan perwakilan RW (Rukun Warga) dan diakhiri dengan perlombaan kreasi vertical garden di tingkat kecamatan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan bekerjasama dengan kader-kader lorong sayur dari DLH (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup) yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Ngampilan. Hasil dari pelatihan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, keahlian dan partisipasi warga dalam mengolah bahan bekas, seperti botol bekas, helm bekas, pelek sepeda bekas, spanduk bekas menjadi wadah pot yang tersusun vertikal, tertatanya kembali lorong sayur disetiap lahan sempit RT 1 hingga RT 20, serta terpilihnya perwakilan lorong sayur di RW 2 sebagai pemenang juara 1 ditingkat kecamatan.Â Â
BIMBINGAN TEKNIS PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS KELEMBAGAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA DI KECAMATAN TELLULIMPOE KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Abdullah Muh Tang , Hans Amril , Nasution Adnan , Yani Andi Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan empirik Badan Usaha Milik Desa adalah lemahnya kapasitas kelembagaan, yang meliputi lemahnya manajemen pengelolaan, rendahnya kualitas pengelola, dan lemahnya permodalan dan regulasi yang mendukung. Sehingga membutuhkan bimbingan teknis untuk peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui metode bimbingan teknis di Kecamatan Tellulimpoe Kabupaten Bone. Kegiatan tersebut telah dilakukan pada tanggal 28-29 Agustus 2019 bertempat di Aula Kantor Kecamatan. Bimbingan teknis ini diikuti oleh 35 peserta dari 11 Desa. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah di evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang signifikan bagi peserta setelah mengikuti seluruh rangkaian materi yang disediakan. Tindak lanjut dari kegiatan ini disarankan agar pemerintah desa dan pengelola untuk mengambil kebijakan dan langkah secara teknis untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme pengelolaan dan lebih mengenali potensi bisnis inti Badan Usaha Milik Desa di setiap desa.
PENINGKATAN KEPEMILIKAN RUMAH SEHAT DI RT 01 DAN 03 DUSUN MODALAN KECAMATAN BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL
Authors: Suryani Dyah , Putri Shebilla Meiky , Nahdiyani Fita , Ramadini Encik Suci Dwi , Rizki Nadya Trisna Gumelar , Fadila Ermila Nur , Nisa Dewi Mustika Khoirun
Published: May 2022

A healthy home is a place of shelter, rest, and as a media for family coaching so that all family members can work productively. The condition of a healthy home is important, because an unhealthy home can have an impact on the health of its inhabitants. Indirectly an unhealthy house can increase the risk of occupants experiencing various diseases. The purpose of this activity is to describe healthy house ownership and appropriate intervention methods in RT 01 and 03 of Modalan Hamlet in Bantuntapan, Bantul. The intervention method used was education using leaflet media counseling about healthy homes. Observation results illustrate that the low level of healthy home ownership in RT 01 and 03 Modalan Hamlet. There were only 30 healthy houses out of 108 houses that were observed. The provision of interventions by counseling and giving leaflets about healthy homes cannot be measured simultaneously to see an increase in the number of healthy home ownership. Interventions must be carried out on an ongoing basis with the help of related sector approaches such as the village government, the Puskesmas and the local Health Office.
PEMICUAN STBM PILAR CTPS PADA MASYARAKAT DI DUSUN PRINGGOLAYAN
Authors: Musfirah Musfirah , Damayanti Gita Rosa , Wardani Nia Octa , Putri Miftahul Zannah Cahyani , Savitri Sheila , Salsabila Afifah Nur , Basyaroh Aulia Puspa Arini
Published: May 2022

Pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran, kemauan dan kemampuan hidup sehat bagi setiap orang agar terwujud derajat kesehatan yang optimal. Saat ini pemerintah dengan gencar mensosialisasikan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM). Pelaksanaan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat pada pilar II di RT 03 dan RT 11 Dusun Pringgolayan belum tercapai dengan baik. Pelaksaaan pilar II sebanyak 114 KK dari 139 KK (82%). Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang cara cuci tangan dengan benar adalah faktor utama tidak terlaksananya pilar II yaitu Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS). Tanpa disadari perilaku tersebut bisa menyebabkanÂ  timbulnya penyakit berbasis kesehatan lingkungan seperti diare. Kasus diare terdapat di RT 03 maupun RT 11. Untuk mencegah terjadinya masalah kesehatan yang lebih luas maka dilakukan kegiatan PPM ini. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberikan edukasi mengenai cara cuci tangan dengan benar. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan berupa pemasangan media promosi kesehatan berupa banner. Hasil dari kegiatan tersebut adalah adanya perbedaan pengetahuan antara sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya penyuluhan dan dampaknya yaitu warga menjadi lebih paham mengenai pilar II STBM yaitu mengetahui cara cuci tangan dengan benar dan mengetahui penyakit berbasis kesehatan lingkungan yang mudah terjadi akibat dari higiene dan sanitasi yang buruk. Bahkan CTPS sebagai langkah mitigasi sederhana dalam mencegah penularan Virus Covid-19 atau dikenal korona yang merebak di Indonesia saat ini.
Growth of urochloa irrigated in clayey and sandy soil submitted to nutritional management in the cerrado
Authors: Santos Gilmar Oliveira , Ferreira Marco Antônio Alves
Published: May 2022

The reduction in water supply in specific areas and the high costs of agricultural inputs resulted in the need for agronomic management capable of reducing the pressure on water resources and promoting economic development. The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu grown in clayey and sandy soils submitted to nutritional and water management in the municipality of Rio Verde, state of Goiás. The treatments consist in combining two levels of fertilization (A1: 30, 7 and 36 and A2: 45, 10.5 and 54 of NPK per Mg of DM produced,) and seven water depths (0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; 100%; 125% and 150% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)), in four replications. Crop performance was evaluated employing SPAD index, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, neutral detergent crude fiber, and dry matter. The rise in the irrigation depths significantly affected the performance of the forage and despite not having a significant difference, the production of dry matter may be higher when in soil with A2 fertilization. A significant influence was observed in the number of seedlings emergence from 7 to 21 days in Sandy soil as a function of clayey soil, on chlorophyll, and plant height as a function of A2 fertilization concerning A1 and irrigation depths in all analyzed variables.
Literacy Learning Among Students With Complex Support Needs in Postsecondary Education Programs: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Copeland Susan R. , Zagona Alison L.
Published: May 2022

Although valuable for an individual's quality of life and participation in society, many individuals with complex support needs (CSN) do not receive appropriate literacy instruction. Recent expansion of postsecondary education opportunities for individuals with CSN offers new opportunities for continued literacy skill development (e.g., participation in coursework, employment, social activities). This scoping review explored existing research to understand how students with CSN experience literacy learning opportunities in postsecondary education. Results reveal a need for future research to include as participants individuals who are reading at pre-first grade levels and to investigate opportunities to acquire or develop literacy skills for these students within inclusive university classes with students who do not have disabilities. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Disability Eligibility Patterns in Head Start Programs: A Comparison of Puerto Rico and the United States
Authors: Martinez-Torres Keysha A. , Camarata Stephen
Published: May 2022

Population-based research can identify eligibility patterns across e disabilities and cultures, and the Head Start ECLKC gathers relatively controlled data of students in the United States (U.S.) and Puerto Rico, providing an opportunity to directly compare cultures. We compared preschool diagnostic eligibility categories in the U.S. and Puerto Rico for speech/language impairment (SI), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay (DD), and intellectual disability (ID) across three years (2016–2018). We observed higher reporting of ASD & SI in Puerto Rico as compared to the U.S., suggesting increased awareness and education towards these diagnoses. While there was higher identification for SI and ASD, there was lower identification for DD and ID in Puerto Rico, suggesting that cultural differences impact how these disabilities are defined and assessed.
Experiences of Parents of Young Adults With Disabilities and Co-Occurring Mental Health Disorders
Authors: Duke Jodi M. , Francis Grace L. , Fujita Megan
Published: May 2022

This study examined the experiences of parents of young adults (YAs) with disabilities and co-occurring mental health disorders (D/MH). As these students leave high school, parents become primary providers of support, yet little is known about the challenges these parents face. Researchers used a basic interpretive approach to analyze qualitative data from parents of YAs with D/MH. Participants described (a) experience seeking YA's diagnoses, (b) impact of YA needs, (c) parent needs, and (d) recommendations for professionals and parents. Implications for practice include greater collaboration and training between school and mental health professionals and mental health training to professionals and families. Future research should explore the experiences of family units to determine coping strategies used across family members.
Use of an iPhone to Enhance Interpersonal Daily Living Skills in the Community for Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Wahlbrink Lindsey L. , Dukes Charles , Brady Michael P. , Bennett Kyle D. , Wilson Cynthia L.
Published: May 2022

This study examined the use of an iPhone and the List Recorder Application to teach three adolescents with autism spectrum disorder to acquire, maintain, and generalize interpersonal daily living skills (DLS) in a community setting. A multiple probe design across participants was used to teach participants to use interpersonal DLS to order and purchase coffee and a snack. All three participants demonstrated an increase in their use of interpersonal skills in the community. Participants were able to maintain these skills once the intervention was removed during follow-up and to generalize these skills to a novel community setting. Results indicate that the use of mobile technology can effectively be used to teach DLS, inclusive of interpersonal skills, entirely in a community setting.
Protection against failure of machine-learning-based QoT prediction
Authors: Guo Ningning , Li Longfei , Mukherjee Biswanath , Shen Gangxiang
Published: May 2022

Machine learning (ML)-based methods are being widely explored to predict the quality of transmission (QoT) of a lightpath. They are expected to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio margin reserved for the lightpath, thus improving the spectrum efficiency of an optical network. However, many studies on this prediction are often based on synthetic datasets or datasets obtained from laboratories. As such, these datasets may not accurately represent the entire state space of a practical optical network, which is exposed in harsh environments. There are risks of failure when using these ML-based QoT prediction models. Thus, it is necessary to develop a mechanism that can guarantee the reliability of lightpath service even if the prediction model fails. For this scenario, we propose to employ the conventional network protection techniques that are usually implemented to protect against network node/link failures to also protect against the failure of QoT prediction. Based on the two representative protection techniques, i.e., 

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dedicated path protection and shared backup path protection (SBPP), the performance of the proposed protection mechanism is evaluated by reserving different margins for the working and protection lightpaths. For

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path protection, we find that the proposed mechanism can achieve a zero design margin (D-margin) for a working lightpath, thereby significantly improving network spectrum efficiency, while not sacrificing the availability of lightpath services. For SBPP, we find that an optimal D-margin should be identified to balance the spectrum efficiency and service availability; the proposed mechanism can save up to 0.5-dB D-margin for a working lightpath, while guaranteeing service availability.
Predicting simultaneously fields of soot temperature and volume fraction in laminar sooting flames from soot radiation measurements - a convolutional neural networks approach
Authors: Wu Yi , Li Zhen , Wang Qianlong , Legros Guillaume , Li Chaomin , Yan Zhiwen
Published: May 2022

An original convolutional neural network, i.e. U-net approach, has been designed to retrieve simultaneously local soot temperature and volume fraction fields from line-of-sight measurements of soot radiation fields. A five-stage U-net architecture is established and detailed. Based on a set of N2 diluted ethylene non-premixed flames, the minimum batch size requirement for U-net model training is discussed and the U-net model prediction ability is validated for the first time by fields provided by the modulated absorption emission (MAE) technique documenting the N2 diluted flame. Additionally, the U-net model’s flexibility and robustness to noise are also quantitatively studied by introducing 5% & 10% Gaussian random noises into training together with the testing data. Eventually, the U-net predictive results are directly contrasted with those of Bayesian optimized back propagation neural network (BPNN) in terms of testing score, prediction absolute error (AE), soot parameter field smoothness, and time cost.
Correlation-based transceiver in-phase/ quadrature skew in-field calibration in dual-polarization coherent optical transmission system
Authors: Wang Xiaowu , Li Fan , Yin Mingzhu , Luo Zhibin , Qin Simiao , Wang Wei , Cai Yi , Li Zhaohui
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we propose a novel transceiver in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) skew in-field calibration scheme with correlation-based method for the dual-polarization coherent optical system. Simultaneous dual-polarization calibration of transceiver I/Q skews after fiber transmission is experimentally performed. Rx/Tx correlation-based skew estimations (CBSEs) are proposed to accurately estimate the transceiver I/Q skews with dual-polarization OFDM signal. By simulation, the robustness of the Rx/Tx CBSEs is investigated against various transceiver I/Q imbalances and channel impairments including carrier frequency offset (CFO), phase noise (PN), and chromatic dispersion (CD). The simultaneous measurement of large transceiver skews is studied within a range of ±128 ps. The bit error rate (BER) improvement brought by the CBSEs is studied in 80 km single-mode fiber (SMF) transmissions under various Rx/Tx skews. In the experiments, the Rx/Tx skew is measured in the range of 1 to 128 ps w/ and w/o the presence of 5 ps Tx/Rx skew. Simultaneous dual-polarization measurements are performed with the X/Y polarization Tx/Rx skews set to 2.5 ps, 5 ps, 7.5 ps and 10 ps, respectively. The measurement errors are within ±0.2 ps. The 80 km SMF dual-polarization transmission after in-field calibration for inter-data center interconnection (inter-DCI) is implemented, with a data rate of 400 Gb/s for both 16QAM and 32QAM modulation formats.
Reconfigurable multi-band water-graphene cascade metamaterial perfect absorbers loaded with vanadium dioxide
Authors: Bai Xudong , Yang Rui
Published: May 2022

We demonstrate the perfect trapping of electromagnetic fields over multi-band frequencies through all-dielectric terahertz absorbers using water graphene cascade metamaterials. More specifically, the coating water layer greatly enhances the higher-order Fabry-Pérot resonant absorbing modes and can achieve more than 8 absorbing peaks with the absorptions exceeding 99% in the spectrum below 3 THz. Especially such multiple perfect absorbing bands can readily be reset when the proposed water-graphene metamaterial absorbers integrate with thermal controlled vanadium dioxide. Such a perfect absorbing capacity would also be valid for the wide angular illuminations with different polarizations, and the reconfigurable characteristics of graphene can also enable the dynamically tuning of the absorbing frequencies, offering great freedom of extensive applications in energy harvesting and wave manipulation.
Quantitative x-ray fluorescence imaging system for non-destructive 3D tumor histology
Authors: Pu Shaozhou , Huang Yunwen , Zhao Ning , Liu Hui , Zuo Yang , Zheng Cheng , Zhou Hangcheng , Zhu Lei , Yang Yidong
Published: May 2022

An in-house dual-modality x-ray fluorescence tomography (XFT) and x-ray computed tomography (XCT) system was developed to quantify iodine contrast distribution through the whole tumor volume ex vivo. The quantitative XFT was calibrated with water phantoms containing iodine solutions of various concentrations (0.0175–1.4 wt.%). The vasculature distribution was reflected by the iodine perfusion, which was validated with histology. This technique may open a new, to the best of our knowledge, route to the non-destructive three-dimensional-imaging-based histological analysis of tumor samples.
Non-Hermitian topological mobility edges and transport in photonic quantum walks
Authors: Longhi Stefano
Published: May 2022

In non-Hermitian quasicrystals, mobility edges (ME) separating localized and extended states in the complex energy plane can arise as a result of non-Hermitian terms in the Hamiltonian. Such ME are of topological nature, i.e., the energies of localized and extended states exhibit distinct topological structures in the complex energy plane. However, depending on the origin of non-Hermiticity, i.e., asymmetry of hopping amplitudes or complexification of the incommensurate potential phase, different winding numbers are introduced, corresponding to different transport features in the bulk of the lattice: while ballistic transport is allowed in the former case, pseudo-dynamical localization is observed in the latter case. The results are illustrated by considering non-Hermitian photonic quantum walks in synthetic mesh lattices.
A juxtamembrane basolateral targeting motif regulates signaling through a TGF-β pathway receptor in Drosophila
Authors: Peterson Aidan J. , Murphy Stephen J. , Mundt Melinda G. , Shimell MaryJane , Leof Edward B. , O’Connor Michael B.
Published: May 2022

In polarized epithelial cells, receptor–ligand interactions can be restricted by different spatial distributions of the 2 interacting components, giving rise to an underappreciated layer of regulatory complexity. We explored whether such regulation occurs in theDrosophilawing disc, an epithelial tissue featuring the TGF-β family member Decapentaplegic (Dpp) as a morphogen controlling growth and patterning. Dpp protein has been observed in an extracellular gradient within the columnar cell layer of the disc, but also uniformly in the disc lumen, leading to the question of how graded signaling is achieved in the face of 2 distinctly localized ligand pools. We find the Dpp Type II receptor Punt, but not the Type I receptor Tkv, is enriched at the basolateral membrane and depleted at the junctions and apical surface. Wit, a second Type II receptor, shows a markedly different behavior, with the protein detected on all membrane regions but enriched at the apical side. Mutational studies identified a short juxtamembrane sequence required for basolateral restriction of Punt in both wing discs and mammalian Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. This basolateral targeting (BLT) determinant can dominantly confer basolateral localization on an otherwise apical receptor. Rescue ofpuntmutants with transgenes altered in the targeting motif showed that flies expressing apicalized Punt due to the lack of a functional BLT displayed developmental defects, female sterility, and significant lethality. We also show that apicalized Punt does not produce an ectopic signal, indicating that the apical pool of Dpp is not a significant signaling source even when presented with Punt. Instead, we find that basolateral presentation of Punt is required for optimal signaling. Finally, we present evidence that the BLT acts through polarized sorting machinery that differs between types of epithelia. This suggests a code whereby each epithelial cell type may differentially traffic common receptors to enable distinctive responses to spatially localized pools of extracellular ligands.
Sustainability of effects and secondary long-term outcomes: One-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled trial to prevent maltreatment in institutional care
Authors: Hecker Tobias , Mkinga Getrude , Hartmann Eva , Nkuba Mabula , Hermenau Katharin
Published: May 2022

Background

Many orphans in East Africa are living in institutional care facilities where they experience poor quality of care and ongoing maltreatment. We report on the extension of a cluster-randomized controlled trial aiming to replicate and show sustainability of previous found effects and to discover long-term effects of the intervention Interaction Competencies with Children–for Caregivers (ICC-C) 12-months after the intervention’s conclusion.

Methods

Conducting a robust 2x3 analysis of variance, we investigated the changes over time in the waitlist orphanages (n = 75, 62.7% female, Mage = 37.63 years, SDage = 11.81), which participated in the intervention after first follow-up and in the initial intervention orphanages (n = 81, 61.7% female, Mage = 38.73 years, SDage = 11.94).

Results

The caregivers in the waitlist orphanages reported less reported levels of maltreatment (d = −0.09), fewer positive attitudes towards violent discipline (d = −0.44) and increased childcare knowledge (d = 1.26) three months after intervention, replicating our findings of the initial intervention condition. In addition, these effects were maintained in the intervention orphanages 12 months post intervention. Furthermore, we found long-term improvements in negative caregiver-child relationship (d = –0.83), caregivers’ stress level (d = −0.98) and their mental health problems (d = −0.61).

Conclusions

The replication and maintenance of the intervention effects and first hints to additional long-term effects substantiates the effectiveness of ICC-C. As long as alternative care cannot be provided for all children in need, brief caregiver trainings can make an important contribution to enlarge the opportunities for many children.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594617. Registered on 20 July 2018.
A polynomial invariant for a new class of phylogenetic networks
Authors: Pons Joan Carles , Coronado Tomás M. , Hendriksen Michael , Francis Andrew
Published: May 2022

Invariants for complicated objects such as those arising in phylogenetics, whether they are invariants as matrices, polynomials, or other mathematical structures, are important tools for distinguishing and working with such objects. In this paper, we generalize a complete polynomial invariant on trees to a class of phylogenetic networks called separable networks, which will include orchard networks. Networks are becoming increasingly important for their ability to represent reticulation events, such as hybridization, in evolutionary history. We provide a function from the space of internally multi-labelled phylogenetic networks, a more generic graph structure than phylogenetic networks where the reticulations are also labelled, to a polynomial ring. We prove that the separability condition allows us to characterize, via the polynomial, the phylogenetic networks with the same number of leaves and same number of reticulations by considering their internally labelled versions. While the invariant for trees is a polynomial in Z [ x 1 , … , x n , y ] where n is the number of leaves, the invariant for internally multi-labelled phylogenetic networks is an element of Z [ x 1 , … , x n , λ 1 , … , λ r , y ], where r is the number of reticulations in the network. When the networks are considered without leaf labels the number of variables reduces to r + 2.
Predicting speed of progression of lens opacification after pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil
Authors: Schindler Philipp , Mautone Luca , Druchkiv Vasyl , Katz Toam , Spitzer Martin Stephan , Skevas Christos
Published: May 2022

Purpose

An increasing number of posterior segment disorders is routinely managed with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). In older, phakic patients cataract formation is expected within the first two years after surgery. For younger patients its progression is individually fluctuating. This study uses an objective quantitative measurement for lens-status-monitoring after PPV with silicone oil to derive predictions for progression and severity of post-operative lens opacification evaluated in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods

Data acquisition was performed prospectively between March 2018 and March 2021. PentacamHR® Nucleus Staging mode (PNS) was used to objectively gather data about nuclear cataracts after PPV at different time points. Data was grouped into training and test sets for a mathematical prediction model. Via backward variable selection method a mathematical formula was set up by means of which predictions about lens densitometry (LD) can be calculated.

Results

20 males [58.8%] and 14 females [41.2%] matched the inclusion criteria (mean age 50.6 years [23–75; ±12.3]). Average follow-up was 8.1 months (3,4–17.4; ±3.4). Mean baseline LD of the treated and fellow eye before surgery was 11.1% (7.7%-17.6%; ±2.0) and 11.2% (7.7%-14.8%; ±1.5), respectively. Predicted LD values by the model for five pre-selected patients closely match the observed data with an average deviation of 1.06%.

Conclusions

Using an objective parameter like LD delivered by the PentacamHR® PNS mode additionally to the patient’s age allows us to make an individual prediction for any time after PPV with silicone oil due to RRD for all ages. The accuracy of the model was stronger influenced by baseline LD as cofactor in the equation than patient’s age. The application for the prediction lens opacification [which can be accessed for free under the following link (https://statisticarium.com/apps/sample-apps/LensDensityOil/)] can help vitreoretinal surgeons for patient consultation on the possibility to combine PPV with cataract surgery.
A parametric numerical analysis of femoral stem impaction
Authors: Bishop Nicholas E. , Wright Phil , Preutenborbeck Martin
Published: May 2022

Press-fitted implants are implanted by impaction to ensure adequate seating, but without overloading the components, the surgeon, or the patient. To understand this interrelationship a uniaxial discretised model of the hammer/introducer/implant/bone/soft-tissues was developed. A parametric analysis of applied energy, component materials and geometry, and interactions between implant and bone and between bone and soft-tissues was performed, with implant seating and component stresses as outcome variables. To reduce the impaction effort (energy) required by the surgeon for implant seating and also reduce stresses in the hardware the following outcomes were observed: Reduce energy per hit with more hits / Increase hammer mass / Decrease introducer mass / Increase implant-bone resistance (eg stem roughness). Hardware stiffness and patient mechanics were found to be less important and soft tissue forces, due to inertial protection by the bone mass, were so low that their damage would be unlikely. This simple model provides a basic understanding of how stress waves travel through the impacted system, and an understanding of their relevance to implantation technique and component design.
Radiocesium-bearing microparticles cause a large variation in 137Cs activity concentration in the aquatic insect Stenopsyche marmorata (Tricoptera: Stenopsychidae) in the Ota River, Fukushima, Japan
Authors: Ishii Yumiko , Miura Hikaru , Jo Jaeick , Tsuji Hideki , Saito Rie , Koarai Kazuma , Hagiwara Hiroki , Urushidate Tadayuki , Nishikiori Tatsuhiro , Wada Toshihiro , Hayashi Seiji , Takahashi Yoshio
Published: May 2022

After the Tokyo Electric Power Company Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan, freshwater ecosystems near the site remained contaminated by radiocesium (RCs). Clarifying RCs concentrations in aquatic insects is crucial because fishes consume these insects that transfer RCs into freshwater ecosystems. As aquatic insects are usually measured for radioactivity in bulk samples of several tens of insects, variation in RCs concentration among individuals is not captured. In this study, we investigated the variability in137Cs activity concentration in individual aquatic insects in detritivorous caddisfly (Stenopsyche marmorata) and carnivorous dobsonfly (Protohermes grandis) larvae from the Ota River, Fukushima. Caddisfly larvae showed sporadically higher radioactivity in 4 of the 46 caddisfly larvae, whereas no such outliers were observed in 45 dobsonfly larvae. Autoradiography and scanning electron microscopy analyses confirmed that these caddisfly larvae samples contained radiocesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs), which are insoluble Cs-bearing silicate glass particles. CsMPs were also found in potential food sources of caddisfly larvae, such as periphyton and drifting particulate organic matter, indicating that larvae may ingest CsMPs along with food particles of similar size. Although CsMP distribution and uptake by organisms in freshwater ecosystems is relatively unknown, our study demonstrates that CsMPs can be taken up by aquatic insects.
The mechanical role of the metatarsophalangeal joint in human jumping
Authors: Yamauchi Junichiro , Koyama Keiji
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the mechanical role of metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints in human jumping. Eighteen healthy young men performed three types of single-leg jumps (SJ: squat jump; CMJ: countermovement jump; HJ: standing horizontal jump) on a force plate under barefoot (BARE) and forefoot immobilisation (FFIM) conditions. For FFIM, the forefoot was immobilised around the MTP joints of the dominant leg by a custom-made splint. Force-time components and the centre of pressure (COP) trajectory were measured from the ground reaction force (GRF) in the take-off phase of jumping. The vertical jump heights calculated from the net vertical impulse were lower under FFIM than under BARE during the CMJ (p < 0.05). The HJ distance under FFIM was significantly shorter than that under BARE (p < 0.01). The relative net vertical impulse was lower under FFIM than under BARE during the CMJ (p < 0.05). During the HJ, all the horizontal GRF variables were significantly lower under FFIM than under BARE (p < 0.01), but none of the vertical GRF variables differed between the two conditions. The horizontal relative GRF in the 90–95% of the final take-off phase during the HJ was significantly lower under FFIM than under BARE (p < 0.01). Under FFIM, the COP range in the antero-posterior direction in the take-off phase of the HJ decreased (p < 0.05), whereas its range in the anterior direction for the SJ and CMJ increased (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that MTP joint motion can play an important role in regulating force-generating capacities of toe flexor muscles in the take-off phase of human jumping, especially in the horizontal direction of horizontal jumping.
The pornography use and its addiction among emerging adults in Malaysia: Perceived realism as a mediator
Authors: Tan Soon Aun , Ng Samantha Hui Li , Hoo Juliana Ju Yun , Gan Su Wan , Nainee Sarvarubini , Yap Chin Choo , Lee Ling Khai , Mohd Zaharim Norzarina , Goh Yee Shan
Published: May 2022

Past studies have demonstrated a link between pornography use and addiction to pornography, the underlying mechanism of the association is still unclear. This study intended to examine the mediating role of perceived realism of pornography in the association between pornography use and addiction among emerging adults in Malaysia. This study recruited 222 self-identified pornography users (M age = 21.05; SD Age = 1.68; 75.1% male respondents) via the purposive sampling method. The correlation results indicated positive associations among pornography use, addiction to pornography, and perceived realism of pornography. Further, the perceived realism of pornography significantly mediated the association between pornography use and addiction to pornography after controlling for gender. Thus, this study has provided a fundamental understanding on the perceived realism role of pornography in explaining the association between its use and addiction. Although it is unlikely to stop illegal pornography use, the results pointed out a need to guide emerging adults in pornography use via media literacy programmes.
Hazai nemesítésű kukorica tenyészanyagok genetikai forrásainak bővítése innovatív módszerekkel
Authors: Rádi Feríz
Published: May 2022

A kukorica világgazdasági jelentősége évről évre nő, a Föld növekvő népességének folyamatosan csökkenő területen egyre több táplálékot kell előállítania. Az extenzív termelést gyorsuló ütemben az intenzív növénytermesztés váltja fel. Ahhoz, hogy a kukorica versenyben maradhasson a hatékonyan termeszthető haszonnövények közt meg kell felelnie az egyre szélsőségesebb környezeti hatások és az intenzív termesztés kihívásainak. Ezt a fejlődést értelmezhetjük a genetikai alapok vonatkozásában, hiszen az időjáráshoz, talajtípusokhoz való alkalmazkodás genomi szinten kezdődik. Fontos megjegyezni, hogy ez a változás nem autonóm jellegű, hanem nemesítők hosszú és kitartó munkájának eredménye. Jelen értekezés a hazai kukorica vonalak legmodernebb, precíziós nemesítési technikákkal történő továbbfejlesztésével foglalkozik, kezdeményezve a jövőbe mutató és versenyképes technológiák kidolgozását. A nemesítés egyik sarok köve az időtényező, minél rövidebb idő alatt kell a legjobb fajtákat piacra bocsájtani, a verseny rendkívül kiélezett és gyors ütemű. A nemesítési folyamat lerövidítéséhez a dihaploid technológiát és annak részfolyamatait fejlesztettük tovább számos alternatívát nyújtva a felmerülő problémák megoldására. Az idő lerövidítése mellett cél a különleges tulajdonságok minél hatékonyabb genotípustól független örökítése. Ezek a módszerek megoldást nyújthatnak a kiemelkedő beltartalmi értékek, a többszörös vegyszer rezisztencia, a hímsterilitás és a szárazságtűrés hatékony kialakítására. A haploid növények birtokában célunk a recesszív, albínó mutációs marker felhasználásával az oligonnukleotidok-irányított mutagenezis (ONIM) in planta módszerének kidolgozása volt. Az oligonukleotidok merisztémába juttatásával, a genomban célzott helyen tudtunk pontmutációt előidézni erős fenotípusos visszacsatolással. Ez a technológia jelenleg a magyar precíziós kukoricanemesítés úttörőjének számít, feltett szándékunk, és távlati célkitűzéseink közé tartozik, hogy az itt kifejlesztett módszereket, rutinszerűen alkalmazzuk a hazai kukoricanemesítés élmezőnyében. A hagyományos nemesítési módszerek során a genetikai történések véletlen események, és a nemesítő csak a fenotípus értékelésére támaszkodhat. A precíziós nemesítési módszerek megoldást nyújthatnak a genom szintű folyamatok célzott irányíthatóságára. Nagyon fontos kiemelni, hogy az általunk használt és kifejlesztett technológiák genotípustól függetlenek, és nem igénylik idegen gén beépítését. Ennek a két faktornak a kiküszöbölése kiemelt cél, amelyek eddig a legnagyobb gátat szabták a kukorica molekuláris nemesítése során. A javasolt kísérleti fejlesztések eredményei hozzájárulhatnak ahhoz, hogy versenyképes magyar kukorica hibridek kerülnek piaci bevezetésre.