bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validade e reprodutibilidade do Teste Avaliativo de DTM: um estudo de acurácia diagnóstica
Authors: Oliveira Neri Yasmin Bianca , Silva Francisco Ana Carolina , Nepomuceno de Jesus Isabela Raul , Novaes Santos Italo Eduardo , Santos Ferreira Rafael , Barbosa Góes Ana Lúcia
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: Disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM) são distúrbios na ATM, sendo de origem muscular, articular ou mista, e com íntima relação com alterações posturais. Instrumentos de diagnóstico apresentam lacunas quanto à aplicação clínica e não associam à postura. OBJETIVO: Validar o Teste Avaliativo de DTM (TAvDTM) quanto à acurácia diagnóstica e reprodutibilidade. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo de acurácia diagnóstica com indivíduos entre 18 e 59 anos avaliados pelo Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca (IAF), questionário sociodemográfico e TAvDTM, este último realizado por três examinadores diferentes e treinados. O resultado da categorização do diagnóstico do IAF foi comparado com o resultado do TAvDTM. Para acurácia diagnóstica utilizou-se teste Qui-Quadrado. Valores Preditivos Positivos (VPP) e Negativos (VPN) foram determinados. A reprodutibilidade entre os três examinadores foi feita por meio do Kappa de Cohen, para análise 2x2 e de Fleiss. Todos os testes com significância de 5%.  RESULTADOS: Dos 10 participantes avaliados, o IAF identificou 8 com diagnóstico de DTM, enquanto o TAvDTM verificou 9 participantes com presença desta disfunção. A sensibilidade foi de 100%, especificidade de 50%, VPP de 88% e VPN de 50%. O Kappa de Fleiss evidenciou confiabilidade razoável (K = 0,26 [IC 95%: -0,099 – 0,617]; p>0,05). O Kappa de Cohen mostrou reprodutibilidade insignificante entre os avaliadores 1 e 2 (K=-0,11; p>0,05; discordância=80%), e 1 e 3 (K= -0,11; p>0,05; discordância=80%), reprodutibilidade perfeita entre os avaliadores 2 e 3 (K=1,00; p<0,05; concordância=100%). CONCLUSÃO: O TAvDTM apresenta alta sensibilidade e baixa especificidade, porém com baixa capacidade de reprodução até o presente momento.
Autonomia em procedimentos ventilatórios por fisioterapeutas que atuam em fisioterapia intensiva no estado da Bahia: um estudo transversal
Authors: Santiago dos Santos Luis Artur , Prata Martinez Bruno , Barbosa Ferreira Marcele , Veloso Silva Flávia Maria , Ferraz Pixitelli Queila , França Correia Helena
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é um local destinado ao suporte adequado para pacientes que requerem monitorização e cuidado constante. Neste ambiente o fisioterapeuta auxilia na manutenção de funções vitais e colabora para a redução de complicações clínicas e do índice de mortalidade. Além disso, dentro das suas áreas de domínio, o fisioterapeuta compartilha a responsabilidade do manejo de procedimentos ventilatórios que substituem a ventilação espontânea. OBJETIVO: Descrever a autonomia em procedimentos ventilatórios pelos fisioterapeutas que atuam em UTI no estado da Bahia. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com fisioterapeutas que atuam em UTI no estado da Bahia, inscritos no Conselho Regional de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional da 7ª Região (CREFITO-7), utilizando um questionário eletrônico desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e multivariada. O nível de significância adotado foi de p < 0,05. O tratamento estatístico foi realizado utilizando-se o Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 21.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, EUA). RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 265 fisioterapeutas que atuam em terapia intensiva no estado da Bahia, com média de idade de 32,4 ±5,4 anos, sendo 61,9% do sexo feminino. Em relação a autonomia profissional, 94,3% declararam que a tomada de decisão (sobre os procedimentos fisioterapêuticos na UTI em que atuam) é de responsabilidade do fisioterapeuta. O maior nível de autonomia sobre os procedimentos ventilatórios foi observado para a aplicação de Ventilação Mecânica Não Invasiva VNI (97,7%), seguido do desmame (97,4%), indicação (97%) e manutenção (96,2%). CONCLUSÃO: Através do presente estudo foi possível concluir que os fisioterapeutas que atuam em UTI no Estado da Bahia declaram possuir autonomia profissional em relação a procedimentos ventilatórios, sobretudo para os não invasivos.
Fraturas de fêmur em idosos nas diferentes regiões do Brasil de 2015 a 2020: análise dos custos, tempo de internação e total de óbitos
Authors: Silva Jefferson Carlos Araujo , Ribeiro Mara Dayanne Alves , Silva Luan Nascimento da , Pinheiro Hudson Azevedo , Bezerra Lidia Mara Aguiar , Oliveira Sabrynna Brito
Published: November 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: as fraturas de fêmur em idosos geram aumento da demanda funcional nesses indivíduos e são responsáveis por um alto número de internações hospitalares. OBJETIVO: analisar retrospectivamente o total de casos, os custos, o tempo de internação e o total de óbitos por fratura de fêmur em idosos nas diferentes regiões do Brasil de 2015 a 2020. MÉTODOS: estudo ecológico de série temporal e retrospectivo que avaliou os dados de fratura de fêmur em idosos, a partir de dados disponíveis nos sites de Ministério da Saúde. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: total de casos, Tempo Médio de Permanência Hospitalar (TMPH), número de óbitos, taxa de mortalidade, gastos com internações, total e por dia de internação hospitalar, Gasto Médio por Fratura (GMF) e o Tempo de Internação por Fratura (TIF) em cada região. RESULTADOS: um total de 328.008 idosos sofreram fratura de fêmur no período estudado a região Sudeste lidera em número de casos, óbitos e TIF, o segundo lugar alterna entre as regiões Sul (2015, 2016 e 2020) e Nordeste (2017 e 2019). Em relação ao TMPH, as regiões Norte e Nordeste aparecem em primeiro e segundo lugar, respectivamente, em todos os anos, ficando acima da média nacional em todos os anos estudados. CONCLUSÕES: há uma discrepância para os casos de fratura de fêmur em idosos entre as regiões brasileiras, seja no número de casos, nos custos ou no total de óbitos. A maior densidade populacional em regiões como Sudeste e Sul, contribuiu para as maiores taxas de fraturas de fêmur em idosos, haja vista que estes também são maioria nessas regiões em comparação as demais.
Университеты в России: как это работает
Authors: Кузьминов Ярослав , Юдкевич Мария
Published: November 2021

В этой книге рассказывается, как устроена система российского высшего образования. Является ли российское высшее образование в большей степени продуктом европейского опыта, заимствования ключевых идей у более зрелых университетских систем, или это самобытный феномен, специфичный именно для нашей страны, особенностями которого и объясняются ее выдающиеся успехи и глубокие кризисы? Как устроены и работают университеты? Как и почему изменяются их миссии, структуры, принципы финансирования? Какую роль в их работе играет государство? Кто и чему учится в университетах? Как устроено российское преподавательское сообщество и какую роль в университетах играет наука? На эти и многие другие «как и почему» отвечает эта книга. Издание адресовано тем, кто хочет лучше понять устройство системы высшего образования в своей стране, оценить институциональные альтернативы и взаимосвязи отдельных институтов системы, увидеть ее место и перспективы в глобальном пространстве формирования человеческого капитала и производства научного знания.
Targeted Expansion Sequencing Protocols v2
Authors: Sinha Anubhav , Cui Yi , Alon Shahar , Chen Fei , T. Wassie Asmamaw , Boyden Ed , Sinha Anubhav
Published: November 2021

This protocol collection accompanies accompanies Expansion Sequencing (ExSeq), covering the four key steps of a targeted Expansion Sequencing (targeted ExSeq) experiment: (1) Padlock probe design; (2) tissue preparation and expansion; (3) library preparation; and (4) in situ sequencing with the Illumina chemistry. For further details, consult the relevant protocols within the collection. These protocols were used to profile human metastatic breast cancer biopsies as a part of the Human Tumor Atlas Pilot Project (HTAPP).
Quant-iT™ PicoGreen® dsDNA Quantification v3
Authors: Angel Roey , Petrova Eva
Published: November 2021

The following protocol is intended for the quantification of double-stranded DNA using Quant-iT™PicoGreen® dsDNA Assay Kit (ThermoFisher). This protocol is a simplified and condensed version of the full protocol from the manufacturer. The procedure described here is for 96 reactions. If samples are run in duplicates, then this should allow quantifying 40 samples.
DNA Extraction from Bacteriophages - 96 well format v1
Authors: Larsen Frej
Published: November 2021

Extraction of viral DNA/RNA from culture lysate or filtered samples free from bacteria. The protocol is based on the Qiagen kit QIAamp Viral RNA Mini kit for 96 well plates and uses consumables from this kit as well as the Pierce Universal Nuclease.
Program Complex for Automated Calculation of the Geometry of Impact Units of Machines
Authors:   Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk, 654007, Russian Federation, Timofeev E. G. , Zhukov I. A. ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, 199106, Russian Federation, Teplyakova A. V. ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, 199106, Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

Improving the designs of impact mining machines in order to increase the productivity of drilling operations requires calculations of the geometric parameters of impact units. The greatest effect when the impact is applied to the rock is given by an impact pulse corresponding to the resistance forces of the object being destroyed. In turn, the shape and parameters of the impact pulse are determined by the geometry of the colliding bodies. Analytical methods for analyzing dynamic processes in impact systems involve the use of a very complex mathematical apparatus, which does not allow us to quickly solve the problems of engineering design of machines and mechanisms. The authors of this article have developed a numerical method for calculating and analyzing impact pulses generated in the machine system by bodies of any geometric complexity. The reliability of the theoretical approaches is confirmed by the results of a physical experiment. The developed software allows you to quickly and accurately solve the problem of finding and justifying rational geometric parameters of impact nodes of machines.
Fractal Analysis of Interval Series of Prime Numbers
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 195252, Russian Federation, Ivanova K. F.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents a fractal analysis of interval series, the members of which are consecutive deviations of natural prime numbers. Fractal analysis, which has been in full force since the end of the last century, has made it possible to identify new, unusual properties of geometric and physical objects and processes, including predicting the behavior of time and spatial series. The combination of two structural blocks - the spatial interval series of increasing power and the fractal set made it possible to apply the fractal technique to the study of the sequence of intervals. With its help, the idea of the phenomenon of intervals of prime numbers as a structure that does not contradict the nature of most natural phenomena is expanded. Using the Hurst method and scaling it is established that the appearance of intervals of prime numbers is not random. With restrictions on the available computer memory, criteria-based estimates of interval series of different capacities were carried out and it was found that they have the properties of scale invariance, multifractality and self-similarity. The performed estimates confirm that the continuum of primes at all scale levels belongs to fractal sets.
Foundations of Ecocentric Law
Authors: Pličanič Senko
Published: November 2021

This scientific article discusses the reaosns for inefficiency (“impotence”) of modern environmental law as a normative reaction to the “destruction of Nature.” The scope of the destruction of Nature has been broadening. The environmental protection law has thus not influenced the resurrection of “destroyed Nature.” The essential reasons for the current excessiveness (intemperance) of man’s interaction with Nature (the reasons for the “destruction of Nature”) and/or reasons for the inefficiency of the modern environmental law should be sought for in the dominant anthropocentric cultural paradigm of the western cultures oriented towards an un-limited material progress. If anthropocentrism (exploitativeness) as the basis of human utilitarian interaction with nature has led to the “destruction of nature,” there is no doubt that the ecological reason remaining within the anthropocentric construction of Nature can not lead to its “resurrection.” Only the setting-up of the ecocentric construction of Nature may lead to the “resurrection” of Nature. This orientation must be followed by the nomos of the western cultures. A new law of nature on the basis of the new, ecocentric ontology and ethics is therefore necessary. This article thus alalyzes the foundations of new ecocentric legal philospohy. This approach is original at the global level and is important at both the theoretical and applied levels. The new ecocentric legal philosophy should become the foundation of modern environmental law. Keywords: inefficiency of modern environmental law.
Güvenlik Algısına Etki Eden Faktörler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Tuncer Can Ozan , Akdemir Naci
Published: November 2021

Yapılan çalışmalar güvenlik algısının suç oranları, yaşanan bölgenin fiziksel ve sosyal özellikleri, kolluk memnuniyeti ve kolluğa duyulan güven ile bireysel farklılıklar ve sosyal sermaye gibi çeşitli faktörlerden etkilenen kompleks bir kavram olduğunu göstermektedir. Ampirik çalışmamızda, ülkemiz alanyazınındaki güvenlik algısına etki eden faktörler kapsamındaki bilgi açığının giderilmesine katkı sağlamak maksadıyla, kolluk memnuniyeti, yaşanan çevre memnuniyeti ve suç korkusunun bireylerin güvenlik algısı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. İçişleri Bakanlığı İç Güvenlik Stratejileri Dairesi Başkanlığı’nın yürüttüğü bir araştırma kapsamında uygulanan bir anket verisi üzerinde yapılan nicel analiz (Mann-Whitney U, Kurskal Wallis H ve Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli) yaşanan çevre memnuniyetinin güvenlik algısı üzerine kolluk memnuniyetinden daha fazla etki ettiğini göstermektedir. Çalışmamızın alanyazına bir başka önemli katkısı ise, işlevsel faktörlerin (güvenlik birimlerinin suç önlemede başarılı olması ve güvenlik birimlerinin suçu açığa çıkarması) normatif faktörlere (kolluğun nezaketli olması ve polis-jandarma personel sayısının yeterli olması) nazaran kolluk memnuniyetine, dolayısıyla güvenlik algısına daha fazla etki ettiğinin tespit edilmesidir.
How High Achievers Learn That They Should Not Become Teachers
Authors: MANCENIDO ZID
Published: November 2021

In this article, Zid Mancenido examines how high-achieving students are socialized to believe that they should not become K–12 classroom teachers. Research has well established that academically successful students are often disinterested in teaching as a career, yet there has been little attention to how this disinterest is developed through the process of career exploration. To address this gap in the literature, Mancenido conducts a narrative inquiry based on interviews with high-achieving recent college graduates and graduating seniors. He presents six representative vignettes to demonstrate how high achievers learn through explicit and implicit signals that teaching is not appropriate for someone like them. This process is social, with parents and peers playing a significant role in shaping beliefs. These findings suggest that policy efforts to recruit more high achievers into teaching may benefit from more focus earlier in the career exploration pipeline.
HIV / AIDS in St. Petersburg and ways to provide specialized care for HIV-infected pregnant women
Authors: Rakhmanova Aza G. , Vinogradova E. N. , Stepanova E. V. , Volkova G. V. , Mishustina Y. R. , Kustarov Vitaly N. , Iakovlev A. A. , Mamedova S. R.
Published: November 2021

The specialized assistance to HVI-infected pregnant women is organized in our city and to their infants. One performs testing pregnant women in reference to HVI infection, observation of HVI-infected pregnant women, chemoprophylaxis of perinatal HVI transmission, dispenserisation of infants born in HVI-infected mothers. Infants having any pathology are moved from maternity hospitals to suitable child's hospitals.

This work is made in close collaboration with the scientific and prophylactic center of Ministry of health protection for prophylaxis and treatment of HVI-infection in pregnant women and children.
Cholestatic hepatosis in pregnant women: pathogenesis, symptoms, therapy.
Authors: Deryabina Natalia V. , Ailamazyan Eduard K. , Voinov V. А.
Published: November 2021

This work studies causes, risk factors, features of the course and outcomes in 103 pregnant women with cholestatic hepatosis. The problem is significant due to the increased frequency of failure to carry the term and of perinatal pathology. Management tactics and methods for treating pregnant women with this pathology were developed. An analysis of the results indicated that including in complex therapeutic treatment of cholestatic hepatosis in pregnancy plasmapheresis and haemosorbtion increases the effectiveness of the treatment provided, improves clinico-laboratory parameters and aids to create optimal conditions for the prolongation of pregnancy and the reduction of perinatal complications.
THE ARAB SPRING IN SYRIA. IMPLICATIONS FOR TURKEY’S REGIONAL POLICY
Authors: Smoleń Kinga
Published: November 2021

Wydarzenia arabskiej wiosny w Syrii przyczyniły się do przewartościowania polityki regionalnej Republiki Turcji. Państwo to zmuszone zostało do dokonania wyboru. Czy zgodnie z oczekiwaniami  zachodnich  sojuszników, w  tym  m.in.  Stanów  Zjednoczonych,  promować  na obszarze  Bliskiego  Wschodu  zasady demokracji i zdecydowanie reagować na przypadki łamania praw człowieka, wskazując tym samym kierunek niezbędnych przemian w regionie. Czy nawiązując do zawartej w koncepcji polityki zagranicznej strategiczna głębia zasady: „zero problemów z sąsiadami”, która wyklucza ingerencję w politykę wewnętrzną innych państw, kontynuować pragmatyczną współpracę ze wszystkimi ośrodkami politycznymi, w tym z reżimami autorytarnymi. Zwyciężyła polityka ochrony demokracji i praw człowieka. Decyzja ta z jednej strony zacieśnia relacji Turcji ze strukturami zachodnimi, z drugiej, naraża na otwarty konflikt z bezpośrednim sąsiadem –Syrią. Konflikt  ten poważnie zagraża jej bezpieczeństwu oraz ma negatywne konsekwencje dla jej rozwoju ekonomicznego, bezpieczeństwa energetycznego, a także powiązań gospodarczych z partnerami z Bliskiego Wschodu.
Potencjalne możliwości eksportu gazu ziemnego z Basenu Morza Śródziemnego do Europy
Authors: Ruszel Mariusz
Published: November 2021

Zasoby ropy naftowej oraz gazu ziemnego, jakie odkryto w basenie Morza Śródziemnego (BMŚ), mogą w perspektywie czasu wpłynąć na sytuację geopolityczną w regionie. Teoretycznie nowe złoża gazu ziemnego mogą być wydobywane przez Cypr, Egipt, Grecję, Izrael, Liban, Syrię oraz Turcję. Jednak niestabilność polityczna w regionie oraz brak uregulowania terenów spornych opóźni zarówno prace poszukiwawcze, jak i wydobywcze, a w niektórych przypadkach może przyczynić się do zablokowania koncesji. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy państwa BMŚ mogą stać się eksporterami gazu ziemnego? W jaki sposób surowiec ten mógłby być dostarczany do Europy. Czy śródziemnomorski gaz stanie się w najbliższych kilkunastu latach istotnym źródłem dostaw do Unii Europejskiej, a także czy wpłynie na integrujący się rynek energii w Europie? W artykule wykorzystano metodę analizy politologicznej, metodę czynnikową, zastosowano teorię geopolityki i posłużono się techniką prognozowania. Wnioski z przeprowadzonej analizy badawczej wskazują, że w obecnej sytuacji geopolitycznej śródziemnomorski gaz może być co najwyżej uzupełniającym źródłem dla Europy, lecz wymaga to podjęcia wysiłku inwestycyjnego na budowę infrastruktury energetycznej, która pomimo deklaracji poszczególnych państw, nie zostanie zbudowana w deklarowanych terminach.
Turkey’s Integration with the European Union – the European Identity Versus Turkish Self-Confidence
Authors: Misiągiewicz Justyna
Published: November 2021

Kwestia tożsamości kulturowo-cywilizacyjnej Unii Europejskiej staje się problemem dyskusyjnym, zwłaszcza w kontekście procesu rozszerzenia tej struktury. Zjawisko to analizowane jest często w kontekście rozwoju integracji i konieczności poszukiwania nowej tożsamości europejskiej. Występują też obawy, czy w procesie integracji nie dojdzie do osłabienia, a nawet zatracenia tożsamości narodowych. Wydaje się, że w tym kontekście problem integracji Turcji z Unią Europejską będzie największym wyzwaniem. Nawet jeśli państwo to spełni wszystkie merytoryczne kryteria członkostwa, nie zmieni to faktu, iż należy ono do odmiennego kręgu kulturowo-cywilizacyjnego. Nasuwa się więc pytanie, jaki będzie wkład muzułmańskiej Turcji w kreowanie wspólnej europejskiej tożsamości? Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie koncepcji tożsamości europejskiej w obliczu perspektywy rozszerzenia o Turcję. Chcemy również w tym kontekście uwzględnić analizę stosunku społeczeństwa Turcji do kwestii integracji europejskiej.
Prospects for Post-Conflict (De)Stabilisation of Libya
Authors: Gil Grzegorz
Published: November 2021

Wraz z wydarzeniami arabskiej wiosny niektóre reżimy z basenu Morza Śródziemnego zostały zmuszone do reform lub obalone i zastąpione przez opozycję demokratyczną. Spośród kilku przykładów takiej rewolucji Libia jawi się jako przypadek szczególny. Osobliwości systemu zbudowanego przez Muammara Kaddafiego, sponsorowane dochodami z eksploatacji złóż ropy, skutkowały destrukcją struktur państwa i nasileniem trybalizmu. Rewolucja z 2011 r. zmieniła wprawdzie konstrukcję polityczną Libii, lecz nie mogła przekreślić minionych dekad neopatrymonialnych i represyjnych rządów. Sam kres reżimu Kaddafiego nie jest zatem przesłanką pokoju po konflikcie, a Libia musi uprawomocnić swoją transformację i wypracować narodowy konsensus. W artykule analizowane są trzy scenariusze rozwoju sytuacji (stopniowa stabilizacja, „dżihadyzacja” oraz defragmentacja) w pokonfliktowej Libii. Celem autora jest rozważenie ich prawdopodobieństwa z uwzględnieniem splotu specyfiki wewnętrznej oraz sytuacji międzynarodowej.
Instrument militarny polityki zagranicznej państwa
Authors: Topolski Ireneusz
Published: November 2021

Znaczenie siły militarnej po zakończeniu zimnej wojny zostało ograniczone. Jednocześnie zakres instrumentów militarnych ulegał stopniowemu rozszerzeniu. Znaczący wpływ na zaistniałą sytuację wywarł rozwój technologiczny i wprowadzanie nowych systemów uzbrojenia oraz wzrost znaczenia podmiotów niepaństwowych, które stanowią zagrożenie, w większym stopniu dla społeczeństw, niż samych państw. Kwestia ta przełożyła się na formę wykorzystania instrumentu militarnego w polityce zagranicznej państw.

Niniejszy artykuł zawiera analizę pojęcia „instrument militarny”. Scharakteryzowane zostaną także formy wykorzystania instrumentu militarnego w polityce zagranicznej państwa. W niniejszym artykule poddano weryfikacji dwie hipotezy. Po pierwsze, formy wykorzystania instrumentu militarnego polityki zagranicznej państwa są dynamicznym procesem i ulegają stopniowemu poszerzeniu. Po drugie, mimo iż dominują pośrednie formy wykorzystania instrumentu militarnego, to jednak pojawiają się nowe możliwości, w tym związane z bezpośrednim użyciem sił zbrojnych o niskiej intensywności, tj. poniżej progu wojny.
U.S. President Obama’s China Policy: a Critical Assessment
Authors: Freund Larus Elizabeth , Martey Hargis Shirley Naa-kowaa
Published: November 2021

Polityka Stanów Zjednoczonych prowadzona wobec Chin w ciągu ostatniego ćwierćwiecza, pomimo różnic ideologicznych występujących pomiędzy kolejnymi prezydentami USA, odznaczała się wyjątkową spójnością. Prezydenci Stanów Zjednoczonych, których polityka zagraniczna była zbieżna z liberalną szkołą stosunków międzynarodowych, z reguły starali się oponentów angażować, aby w ten sposób doprowadzić do ich pozytywnej przemiany. Realiści z kolei próbują ograniczyć wpływ przeciwnika i powstrzymują jego potęgę. Od wczesnych lat 1990-tych prezydenci USA stosowali zarówno powstrzymywanie, jak i zaangażowanie. Najbardziej liberalny spośród prezydentów USA na przestrzeni ostatnich 25 lat, Barack Obama początkowo prowadził wobec Chin politykę angażowania. Dostrzegając jednak, iż Chiny coraz wyraźniej stanowią wyzwanie dla dominacji USA w regionie Azji i Pacyfiku, stopniowo wdrożył elementy polityki powstrzymywania. Prezentowany artykule zawiera analizę polityki administracji B. Obamy wobec Chin, w szczególności rozważa się w nim, czy polityka ta była spójna. We wnioskach stwierdzono, że zrównoważenie polityki administracji Obamy wobec Azji i Pacyfiku jest zgodne z amerykańską polityką Chin z czasów poprzednich administracji.
Oblicza współczesnych migracji
Authors: Marzęda-Młynarska Katarzyna , Ziętek Agata Wiktoria
Published: November 2021

Artykuł nie zawiera streszczenia
Initiative of President Andrzej Duda Regarding the Change of the Constitution
Authors: Dziemidok-Olszewska Bożena , Michalczuk-Wlizło Marta
Published: November 2021

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja i ocena inicjatywy Prezydenta Andrzeja Dudy w temacie zmiany Konstytucji, z którą wystąpił 3 maja 2017 r. Ukazano działania i wystąpienia prezydenta w tym zakresie w ubiegłym roku oraz problemy z tym związane. Kontrowersje dotyczące prezydenckiej inicjatywy podzielono na prawne i polityczne. Prawne to regulacja instytucji referendum w Konstytucji z 1997 r., polityczne wynikają z opinii i koncepcji partii i obywateli na temat konstytucji i referendum w jej sprawie.
The 1926 Amendment of the March Constitution as an Example of Rivalry Between The Sejm and Senate
Authors: Litwin Tomasz
Published: November 2021

W roku 1926 doszło do zmiany Konstytucji z 1921 r., jednym z elementów tego procesu była rywalizacja pomiędzy Sejmem a Senatem. Doszło do niej w związku z próbami Senatu zrównoważenia swojej pozycji względem Sejmu, rywalizacją personalną marszałków obu izb oraz nieprecyzyjnymi przepisami Konstytucji z 1921 r. dotyczącymi jej zmiany. Rywalizacja obu izb zakończyła się ich osłabieniem i wzmocnieniem egzekutywy kontrolowanej przez „Sanację”.
Obowiązek informacji jako czynnik bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego
Authors: Sadowska Monika
Published: November 2021

Bezpieczeństwo zdrowotne odpowiada subiektywnemu poczuciu braku zagrożenia
związanego z korzystaniem ze świadczeń zdrowotnych. Jest wynikiem podejmowania działań mających na celu zapobieganie wystąpieniu zagrożeń mogących doprowadzić do pogorszenia lub utraty zdrowia bądź życia człowieka. Jednym z czynników kształtujących poziom bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego jest realizacja przez osoby wykonujące zawód medyczny obowiązku informacji, który jest skorelowany z prawem pacjenta do informacji o stanie zdrowia i mogących wystąpić zagrożeniach, co warunkuje właściwą realizację wszystkich pozostałych praw, a w szczególności prawa do wyrażania poinformowanej zgody na interwencję medyczną determinującej poczucia bezpieczeństwa.
VIABILIDADE DE COMPÓSITOS POLIMÉRICOS DE POLIPROPILENO REFORÇADOS COM FIBRA DE BAMBU
Authors: Gomes Diogo Antonio Correa , Hélio Novais Miranda Eduardo , Carolina Corrêa Furtini Ana , Aparecida dos Santos Carolina , Duarte Resende Mariane , Concepción Vega Villarruel Denisse , Benedito Guimarães Júnior José
Published: November 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o reforço de fibras de bambu em compósitos poliméricos. Para tanto, o bambu da espécie (DENDROCALAMUS STRICTUS) foi processado em moinho de martelos e peneirado. Após a caracterização "in natura", os corpos de prova foram conformados em prensa a partir de dois tratamentos, 100% polipropileno e 80% polipropileno / 20% fibras de bambu, e testados mecanicamente por dobra em máquina de ensaio universal. Os resultados da caracterização das fibras indicaram propriedades químicas compatíveis com os valores publicados na literatura, além de resultados de densidade consideravelmente superiores. Por outro lado, os valores do módulo de elasticidade e de ruptura decorrentes dos ensaios mecânicos dos compósitos não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos analisados.
ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF LEAF AND ROOT SESAME ON SICKLEPOD AND BRACHIARIA SEEDS
Authors: da Silva Gustavo Ferreira , Mapeli Nilbe Carla , Cremon Cassiano , Chamma Larissa , Ottoboni Luperini Bruno Cesar , Ferreira da Silva Gabrieli , Ferrari Putti Fernando
Published: November 2021

Sicklepod is an important weed in Brazil pastures, but control measures are not yet effective. Thus, allelopathy can be an alternative, due to its ecological importance and for being able to provide new structures sources for agrochemicals production. This research aimed to verify the allelopathic potential of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) on germination and seedling development of sicklepod (Senna occidentalis L.) and brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha). The treatments were root and leaf extract of sesame, and control (distilled water).  Germination percentage, speed of germination, hypocotyl and radicle length were evaluated. Speed of germination, germination percentage and radicle length had no interference from the aqueous extracts. However, in brachiaria these traits had lower values than sicklepod. Hypocotyl length was not influenced by the extracts, however, the leaf extract showed lower growth of this feature. Allelopathy did not affect germination and speed of germination in both species, but interfered in brachiaria development.
Editorial
Authors: Betancourt De Arco Ramón
Published: November 2021

Las diversas manifestaciones de los integrantes que configuran la nación, encaminadas a que superen los eventos que no le permiten alcanzar un bienestar general, se encuentran amparadas por la normatividad principal del Estado, por lo cual debe ser permitida siempre y cuando esta no desborde en situaciones que lesionen sus derechos e intereses, quienes de una u otra manera observan y esperan que estas logren igualmente resultado en ellos.
violencia política como una práctica sistemática que amenaza la democracia en Colombia
Authors: Ocampo Castaño Jenny Alexandra
Published: November 2021

En el contexto Colombiano desde el periodo denominado “la Violencia” se han venido presentando innumerables guerras civiles a causa de un fenómeno que hoy es llamado violencia política, por ello cuando se habla de episodios como el Bogotazo, la guerra de los mil días, el genocidio de la Unión Patriótica (UP) son periodos que marcaron la historia del país por los hechos de violencia generalizada, los homicidios y las amenazas que sufrieron las personas que tenían un alineamiento político diferente al del Estado.
Análisis de la sentencia t-424 del 2017 desde “los tres modos de pensar”
Authors: Castillo Romero Juan José , Guerra Rico Jacqueline Cristina
Published: November 2021

En el presente artículo realizaremos una distinción de las teorías del normativismo, orden concreto y decisionismo sustentadas por Carl Schmitt en su libro Sobre los tres modos de pensarla ciencia jurídicaen la Sentencia de tutela 424 del 2017 de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia. La mencionada distinción la desarrollaremos basados en los hechos más importantes de la demanda, su contestación y problema jurídico plasmados en el cuerpo del presente artículo.
Academia, innovación y legitimación de sentencias de la corte constitucional
Authors: Patarroyo Blanquicett Linda Jael
Published: November 2021

El diecisiete de Septiembre del 2019, acaeció en la Universidad Libre Sede Cartagena, el evento titulado Academia, Innovación y Legitimación de Sentencias de la Corte Constitucional, tuvo cita en el Auditorio Benjamín Herrera y conto con la participación de académicos, funcionarios del Estado, periodistas y estudiantes; allí mediante intervenciones, los magistrados proporcionaron datos respecto del ejercicio de sus funciones y establecieron disposiciones en temas de actualidad que están sentados en el relato que sigue.
Staying Calm and Well in the Midst of the COVID-19 Storm: One University's Longitudinal Outcomes Evaluation of a Mental Health and Well-Being Webinar Series
Authors: Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Amaya Megan , Pavan Hsieh Andreanna , Momany Rebecca , Winn Josh , Forbes Logan J.
Published: November 2021

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic began, wellness leadership at a large Mid-west public university anticipated an increase in mental health problems among faculty and staff. A two-part weekly webinar series entitled "Staying Calm and Well in the Midst of the COVID-19 Storm" was launched to assist faculty and staff in coping with stressful issues related to the pandemic and enhancing their well-being. This series provided the university community with evidence-based knowledge, skills, and resources to enhance their ability in taking good self-care.Aim: To assess participant mental health outcomes during the two-part mental health and well-being educational webinar series over time.Methods: A longitudinal outcomes evaluation was conducted. Evaluation data was obtained from the participants via an anonymous post-webinar survey, which included questions from the Patient-Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression. The first series was conducted over the course of 8 weeks and the second series took place over 7 weeks. Descriptive statistics were used to assess responses to the PHQ-4 over time to evaluate outcomes of the webinar series. An open-ended question also asked participants about the 2 to 3 biggest concerns and worries they had at that moment.   Results: The average amount of survey responses received were 1,470.25 (SD = ± 240.3) for Series One and 926.4 (SD = ± 164.3) for Series Two. Ninety-five percent of participants put the skills they learned during both series into practice. When participants reported experiencing anxiety or depressive symptoms, they most frequently reported experiencing them several days a week. The number of participants reporting no depressive or anxiety symptoms increased as the webinar series progressed over time. The types of concerns and worries reported varied across time.Conclusion: The Staying Calm and Well During the COVID-19 Pandemic webinar participants had a reduction in symptoms associated with anxiety and depression after completing the series.
Editorial: Building Healthy Academic Communities in this Post-Pandemic Brave New World
Authors: Morrison-Beedy Dianne
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
A Message from BHAC Board President: Combatting Languishing Through Joy and New BHAC Accreditation
Authors: Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
BHAC Journal Reviewers
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
The impact of structured awareness programme on effects of alcoholism among the adolescence of Mizoram
Authors: Konwar Gitumoni , Fanai Laltanpuii
Published: November 2021

Alcoholism is now becoming a major problem of all the nations. Approximately 2.5 million die each year from the harmful use of alcohol accounting for about 4 % of all deaths in the world. Because of these problems created by alcoholism, the study was conducted with the aim to create awareness on effects of alcoholism among adolescence students of higher secondary students of Mizoram as a preventive program.

An evaluative research approach was adopted with one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample comprised of 100 students selected by using lottery method from three higher secondary schools in Aizawl, Mizoram. The tool was developed and reliability of the tool was established by Pearson’s covariance co-efficient i.e. 0.87.

The teaching programme was found to be effective in increasing the knowledge of students as evidenced by‘t’ (99) = 27.13, p < 0.05. The study also reports that there was significant association between pre-test knowledge score with mother’s education as evident from p = 0.020 at 0.05 level of significance, but no significant association between pre-test knowledge score and other selected demographic variables were found.

: The planned awareness programme was an effective method to increase the knowledge of the students. Mother’s education played an important role in educating their children towards effects of alcoholism. The study can be implicated in practical nursing field for health promotion and prevention of alcoholism and alcohol related disorders.
Finite Volume Simulation of Natural Convection for Power-Law Fluids with Temperature-Dependent Viscosity in a Square Cavity with a Localized Heat Source
Authors: Daghab Hamza , Kaddiri Mourad , Raghay Said , Arroub Ismail , Lamsaadi Mohamed , Rayhane Hassan
Published: November 2021

In this paper, numerical study on natural convection heat transfer for confined thermo-dependent power-law fluids is conducted. The geometry of interest is a fluid-filled square enclosure where a uniform flux heating element embedded on its lower wall is cooled from the vertical walls while the remaining parts of the cavity are insulated, without slipping conditions at all the solid boundaries. The governing partial differential equations written in terms of non-dimensional velocities, pressure and temperature formulation with the corresponding boundary conditions are discretized using a finite volume method in a staggered grid system. Coupled equations of conservation are solved through iterative Semi Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equation (SIMPLE) algorithm. The effects of pertinent parameters, which are Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), power-law index (0.6 ≤ n ≤ 1.4), Pearson number (0 ≤ m ≤ 20) and length of the heat source (0.2 ≤ W ≤ 0.8) on the cooling performance are investigated. The results indicate that the cooling performance of the enclosure is improved with increasing Pearson and Rayleigh numbers as well as with decreasing power-law index and heat source length.
Elliptical Pin Fin Heat Sink: Passive Cooling Control
Authors: Bakhti Fatima Zohra , Si-Ameur Mohamed
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study is to examine by means of three-dimensional numerical simulations the thermal-fluid features in elliptical pin fin heat sink. The passive heat transfer enhancement technique is used to comprehend and control the cooling process. This passive methodology is based on pin fins arrangement, hydrodynamic and geometrical parameters. The present numerical results are confronted with experimental measurements in open literature which used one-dimensional model to explore the thermal field. A good agreement was found especially around the optimal fins dimensions. A parametric study has been carried out to deeply analyse the three-dimensional thermal-fluid fields of the heat sink for various key parameters range such the Reynolds number (Re = 50–250) and the aspect ratio (γ=H/d=5.1-9.18). Some new observations and results are obtained thanks to numerical simulations as tool of investigation. It is shown that the fins circumferential temperature is almost uniform. Furthermore, a better cooling is obtained when the Reynolds number increases mainly when the inlet velocity u0> 0.3m/s. The most suitable value of the aspect ratio is attained for γ=8.16, which ensure an optimal cooling process of the pins. A new global Nusselt number correlation was developed for engineering applications.
On Some Thermoelastic Problem of a Nonhomogeneous Long Pipe
Authors: Kulchytsky-Zhyhailo Roman , Matysiak Stanisław J. , Perkowski Dariusz M.
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the thermoelastic problem of a multilayered pipe subjected to normal loadings on its inner surface and temperature differences on its internal and external surfaces. Two types of nonhomogeneous pipe materials of pipe are considered: (1) a ring-layered composite composed of two repeated thermoelastic solids with varying thickness and (2) a functionally graded ring layer. The ring-layered pipe with periodic structure is investigated by using the homogenized model with microlocal parameters. A homogenization approach is proposed for the modelling of the FGM pipe. The analysis of obtained circumferential, radial and axial stress is presented in the form of figures and discussed in detail. It was shown that the proposed approach to the homogenization allows us to correctly calculate the averaged characteristics in the representative cell (the macro-characteristics) and also the characteristics dependent on the choice of the component in the representative cell (the micro-characteristics) for both microperiodic composites and functionally graded materials.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Eco-Friendly Refrigerant Mixtures as an Alternative to HFC-134a in Household Refrigerator
Authors: Shaik Mohammad Hasheer , Kolla Srinivas , Vadlamudi Tara Chand , Katuru Bala Prasad , Kommineni Ravindra
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, research has been focused on refrigerants from Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are not harmful to the ozone layer. Because of replacing refrigerants from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). HFCs are used in many applications, including refrigerants, aerosols, solvents, and blowing agents for insulating foams. However, some HFCs have relatively high global warming potential (GWP) and are subject to further examination due to growing concerns about global climate change. The present work’s main objective is to select eco-friendly refrigerants from AC5, R430A and R440A, combining two or more refrigerants from HC, HFC and HFO groups as a direct substitute HFC-134a in a household refrigerator. The performance of the domestic refrigerator with liquid suction heat exchanger (LSHX) was compared in terms of compressor discharge temperature, coefficient of performance (COP), volumetric cooling capacity (VCC), and power consumption of a compressor. It was found that the average COP of R440A and R430A was higher by approximately 2.5% and 1.47% than HFC-134a. However, the COP of AC5 was 6.1% lower than that of HFC-134a. The VCC of R430A is almost equal to HFC-134a. The results also show that AC5, R440A and R430A consume less power than HFC-134a. The compressor outlet temperature with R440A, AC5 provide higher values than HFC-134a, which affects the compressor life. The best overall performance was achieved with the refrigerant R430A in the household refrigerator and suggested an alternative to HFC134a, which also has a very low GWP from the environmental safety perspective.
The Thermal Economy of a Circulating Medium and Low Temperature Waste Heat Recovery System of Industrial Flue Gas
Authors: Wang Xutong , Zhang Meng
Published: November 2021

The waste heat recovered by traditional industrial waste heat recovery systems is mostly high-temperature flue gas and combustible gas, while the waste heat of medium and low temperature flue gas that accounts for more than 50% of the total waste heat resources has been ignored, which is not conducive to the effective energy saving of industrial production and manufacturing process. In the meantime, few studies have concerned about the changes in the economy of circulating industrial waste heat recovery system. Therefore, to fill in this research gap, this paper aimed at the economy problem of circulating medium and low temperature industrial waste heat recovery system and carried out a series of research. The paper completed the thermodynamic analysis of different medium and low temperature waste heat recovery modes of industrial flue gas, and gave the analysis steps of the economy of circulating medium and low temperature waste heat recovery system of industrial flue gas. The effectiveness and accuracy of the thermodynamic and thermo-economic models constructed in the paper were proved by experimental results.
Functional and parametric mapping of the semantics of phraseological units in intercultural space
Authors: Ryskulbek Didar , Ermekova Tynyshtyk , Alibekova Lazzat , Bektimirova Saule , Togzhanova Layilya , Ziak Peter
Published: November 2021

The research objective in the proposed work circles around the semantic of the French phraseological units in the light of the functional-parametric description. In particular, it identifies the new motivational characteristics of the national language, as well as the linguistic and cultural commentary of phraseological units and the principles of correlating the semantic basics of different systems and sentences based on figurative sense and locutions in the French language. The study aims to develop a new model of functional cartographic and parametric cartography of the phraseological units in the interlingual and intercultural space and to present a methodology for the development of the phonological unit.
The slang of young Russians and French: reinventing scientific linguistic collaboration in the age of coronavirus and containment
Authors: Vikulova Larisa G. , Ukhova Larisa V. , Gaponova Zhanna K. , Razumova Lina V. , Ukhova Polina S.
Published: November 2021

From the beginning, remote work was considered in connection with social and environmental problems. The pandemic and coronavirus have left many teachers and researchers unable to experiment with online work. This new way of organizing work is at the heart of exciting research in various fields: remote collaborative science, imaging, training, and distance learning are an opportunity to demonstrate relevance and find new ways of working and interacting. This article is in the framework of a scientific project carried out over a year at a distance. He deals with the problem of learning the youth language (youth slang, the term is used in Russian linguistics) and aims to present the results of a comparative study of the structural and semantic features of shale of Russian and French youth. Language experiments are based on data from students of Yaroslavl State University and the University of Poitiers. The first part deals with the description of the procedure for collecting, verifying, and processing language data, as well as the methodology for collecting; it is based on psycholinguistic experiments, field studies, and sociological studies conducted in the student environment of the two countries. The second part of the article presents the results of the semantic and structural analysis of lexical units, morphological and semantic families representing argotisms (slanguismes, in Russian) of young people recorded during the survey. The derivational mechanisms used in French and Russian youth slang are studied and interpreted. This allowed the authors to discover language universals common to young Russian and French speakers, as well as to identify culturally relevant linguistic units capable of modelling and presenting the collective identity of Russian and French students, their language image of the world, and their language personality.
Mediation as a strategy for constructing meaning in the teaching of a subject by integrating a foreign language
Authors: Sowa Magdalena , Kic-Drgas Joanna
Published: November 2021

The increasing globalization as well as internationalization have influenced educational systems all over the world, contributing to widespread of the idea of teaching in a second or foreign language so as to allow students, ranging from primary to tertiary levels, to compete in an international context. The aim of this paper is to analyse and categorise the strategies of mediation used for presentation of subject content knowledge while teaching in bilingual French-Polish classes at secondary school level. In order to take the complex nature of the issue into account, variety of used strategies will be examined by means of corpus analysis. The material used for analysis comes from the bilingual lessons of chemistry and biology recorded in secondary school in Warsaw in the period between November and December 2019. The studies presented will allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the potential possibilities and problems of content-knowledge presentation in foreign langue.