bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРОЕКТ П.А. ЗУБОВА ОБ УЧРЕЖДЕНИИ ГУБЕРНСКИХ ВОЕННЫХ УЧИЛИЩ.1801-1805 ГГ.
Authors: ШЕВЧЕНКО П.В.
Published: February 2025

В контексте истории модернизации России представляет интерес русская военная политика XIX века и развитие отечественного военного образования. У истоков возникновения в России отдельного военно-учебного ведомства стоял, помимо иного, проект шефа 1-го кадетского корпуса в Петербурге генерала князя П.А. Зубова, по существу малоисследованный. Согласно этому плану, военные училища должны были принимать дворянских детей для получения ими начального и среднего образования и последующей отправки их для дальнейшего обучения в столичные кадетские корпуса или действующие в России университеты. Этот замысел был одобрен императором Александром I. По его приказу в длительную командировку по указанным в проекте губернским городам был отправлен генерал-майор И.М. Бегичев. Возвратившись из годичной поездки, он докладывал о готовности местного дворянства выделить средства для учреждения и деятельности военных школ. Проект Зубова был отредактирован особой комиссией и признан возможным к исполнению, однако конечной даты его реализации комиссия не указала. Начавшиеся в это время военные действия в Европе отвлекли правительство от данной работы, и план так и не был реализован. Тем не менее, по предложению комиссии был впервые создан особый орган, с того момента ведавший военным образованием в России – Совет о военно-учебных заведениях.

In the context of Russia modernization history of interest are Russian military policy of the XIX century and the development of domestic military education. At the origins of the emergence in Russia of a separate military training establishment stood, in addition to the other, an essentially little studied project of the Chief of the 1st Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg General Prince P.A. Zubov. According to this plan, military schools were supposed to get noble children to complete primary and secondary education and then to send them for further education in the capital's cadet corps or universities in Russia. This concept has been endorsed by Emperor Alexander I. On his orders, Major General I. Begichev was sent in a long trip to the provincial cities indicated in the project. Returning from a one-year trip he reported on the readiness of the local nobility to allocate funds for the establishment and operation of military schools. The project of Zubov has been edited by a special commission and recognized as possible for execution, but the commission did not specify the final date for its implementation. The military actions which had been under way in Europe distracted the government from this work and the plan was never implemented. Nevertheless, at the suggestion of the commission, a special body was created for the first time – the Council on military educational institutions. From that moment it started to manage the military education in Russia.
АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ УСЛОВИЙ СЕМЕЙНОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ НА ВЫРАЖЕННОСТЬ ЗАВИСТИ
Authors: ЛЕТЯГИНА С.К.
Published: February 2025

В статье приводятся результаты эмпирического исследования влияния условий семейного воспитания на выраженность зависти ребенка. Автор приходит к выводу, что личностная завистливость ребенка не связана с такими воспитательными стилями, которые характеризуются эмоциональным принятием, выработкой четких требований относительно обязанностей ребенка и норм его поведения, предоставлением ему самостоятельности в действиях, ограничением родительского стремления удовлетворять все потребности ребенка, чередованием воспитательных приемов и методов. Воспитание ребенка матерью в неполной семье в аспекте формирования завистливого поведения характеризуется неустойчивостью и неуверенностью. Проведенное исследование показало значимость полноты семьи и характера детско–родительских отношений для развития завистливости детей.

The article presents the results of an empirical studying the influence of family upbringing on the degree of child’s envy. The author comes to the conclusion that the child’s personal envy is not related to such educational styles that are characterized by emotional acceptance, development of clear requirements regarding the child’s duties and standards methods, while giving him independence in actions, restricting parental desire to satisfy all the needs of the child, alternating educational methods and techniques. Raising a child by a mother in an single-parent family in terms of envious behavior formation is characterized by instability and uncertainty. The study showed the importance of the fullness of the family and the nature of child - parent relations for the development of children jealousness.
ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ПЕДАГОГИКИ ИСКУССТВА ИГРЫ НА ФАГОТЕ: К ПОСТАНОВКЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: ПРОЦЕНКО В.О.
Published: February 2025

Осознание философских основ обучения игре на музыкальном инструменте, в частности, на фаготе есть важнейшее условие формирования адекватного представления о сущности и эффективности методик и целей образования на современном этапе развития. Рассматривая историю развития философских представлений о сущности музыкального искусства, автор показывает насколько неравномерным был этот процесс в отношении его (искусства) различных компонентов. Автор приходит к выводу, что в сфере инструментального исполнительства осмысление философских основ началось по большому счету лишь со второй половины XIX столетия, и даже в этой сфере процесс сохраняет свою неравномерность. Педагогика искусства игры на духовых инструментах и, в частности, на фаготе, до сих пор по большей части заимствует философские основы из других направлений, ее специфические черты еще до сих пор не нашли отражения в научных работах. Ключевым выводом статьи является то, что в современной педагогике исполнительства на фаготе все большее распространение получает принцип стремления к стилевому и интерпретаторскому плюрализму, принцип свободного и самостоятельного определения предназначения «миссии» исполнителя. Также автор приходит к выводу, что в последнее время в данном направлении педагогики наметилась тенденция к осмыслению ее философских основ с учетом специфики исполнительства на фаготе на современном этапе развития, что обусловлено активным поиском новых путей творческой самореализации исполнителей в этой сфере.

Awareness of the philosophical foundations of learning to play a musical instrument, in particular, on the bassoon is the most important condition for the formation of an adequate understanding of the essence and effectiveness of the methods and objectives of education at the present stage of development. The author shows the irregularity of the process of the history of philosophical aspects of musical art development in terms of its various components. The author concludes that the awareness of philosophical aspects in the sphere of instrumental performance on a large scale has started only since the second half of the XIXth century. Moreover the process stays irregular. The pedagogy for the art of playing the wind instruments particularly the bassoon borrows the philosophical aspects from other trends. Its specific features have not been reflected in the scientific publications yet. The key conclusion of the article is that the principle of striving for stylistic and interpretative pluralism, the principle of free and independent determination of the purpose of the "mission" of the performer is becoming more and more widespread in the modern pedagogy of performing on the bassoon. The author also concludes that lately the above mentioned trend of pedagogy tends to aware its philosophical aspects according to the specificity of playing the bassoon nowadays. That is because of the active search of new ways of performers creative self-realization in this sphere.
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ СОТРУДНИКОВ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЛУЖБ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРИКЛАДНОЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: СУХОВ А.Н. , ГЕРАСЬКИНА М.Г.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается теоретико-прикладные аспекты профессиональной ответственности сотрудников социальных служб. В ней так же приводятся результаты исследования уровня профессиональной ответственности сотрудников социальных служб, а также способы ее развития.

The article deals with theoretical and applied aspects of professional responsibility of social services employees. It also presents the results of a study of the level of professional responsibility of social services employees, as well as ways of its development.
ФАКТОРНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОМ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО-ДОЛЖНОСТНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ЕГО МЕХАНИЗМА
Authors: ГОРЬКОВ М.С. , ФОЛОМЕЕВ Ю.Н. , ЧУМАЧЕНКО А.П.
Published: February 2025

Практика профессионально-должностной подготовки специалистов осуществляется в условиях воздействия на неё многочисленных факторов внешней и внутренней среды военной организации, часть из которых может препятствовать качественной организации и управлению этими процессами. Учитывая принцип непрерывности в организации и проведении подготовки специалистов, руководитель должен учитывать характер воздействия факторов среды на качество и уровень организуемой им боевой подготовки в целом и профессионально-должностной подготовки военных специалистов, в частности. В связи с этим, особенно важно понимание степени воздействия негативных факторов среды на процесс профессионально-должностной подготовки, с тем, чтобы снизить влияние помехи на результат подготовки или устранить его вообще. Одним из научно-практических инструментов, позволяющих выделить из всей совокупности факторов среды наиболее влияющие, является факторный анализ, суть и специфика применения которого рассматривается в содержании данной статьи. Авторами выделены три группы факторов, влияющих на уровень и качество профессионально-должностной подготовки, это организационные, методические и технические факторы. В статье раскрывается суть, содержание и специфика экспертной оценки выделенных факторов, определяются наиболее значимые из них для выработки в дальнейшем мероприятий компенсирующего характера или мер полностью устраняющих их негативное воздействие.

The practice of professional and vocational personnel training is carried out under the influence of numerous factors of both external and internal environment of the military organization that might hamper the quality organization and management of these processes. In view of the principle of continuity in the organization and conduct of training, the head should take into account the nature of the impact of environmental factors on the quality and level of military training organized by him in general as well as professional and vocational training of military specialists, in particular. In this regard, it is especially important to understand the degree of influence of negative environmental factors on the process of professional and vocational training in order to minimize or preferably avoid any interference on the result of training. One of the scientific and practical tools to isolate the most influential from the totality of environmental conditions is factor analysis and its essence and specificity is considered in the article. The authors identified three groups of factors affecting the level and quality of professional and vocational training; these are organizational, methodological and technical factors. The article reveals the essence, content and specifics of the expert assessment of the factors identified, the most significant factors are determined for the development of compensate measures or actions eliminating f completely their negative impact.
ОСВОЕНИЕ НРАВСТВЕННЫХ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ГУМАНИТАРНЫХ ДИСЦИПЛИН
Authors: Каримова Т.С.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматриваются некоторые теоретические аспекты в освоение нравственных ценностей обучающимися в вузах МВД России. Выявлена специфика гуманитарных дисциплин «Социология», «Политология», «Религиоведение», «Профессиональная этика сотрудников ОВД». Содержание гуманитарных дисциплин способствует осознанию и принятию обучающимися универсальных человеческих ценностей.

The article discusses some theoretical aspects of the development of moral values by students in universities of the ministry of internal affairs of russia. The specificity of the humanities “sociology”, “political science”, “religious studies”, “professional ethics of ats employees” was revealed. The content of the humanities contributes to the awareness and acceptance of universal human values by students.
УРОЖАЙ ЗЕЛЁНОЙ МАССЫ СЕЛЕКЦИОННЫХ ОБРАЗЦОВ ЛЮЦЕРНЫ В ПИТОМНИКЕ СОРТОИСПЫТАНИЯ
Authors: Амантурдиев Ш.Б. , Сыдык-Ходжаев Р.Т. , Сабиров А.Г. , ЗариповХ С. , Худойбердиев Н.Х. , Мусулманов Ф.М.
Published: February 2025

В статье приводятся результаты исследований по высоте растений и урожаю зелёной массы селекционных материалов люцерны питомника сортоиспытании посева 2024 года.
Direction d’ajustement ou qualité de présence. Sur la caractérisation des états intentionnels pour la taxinomie des actes de langage et la typologie des modalités
Authors: Badir Sémir
Published: February 2025

Comment distinguer entre facultés de l’esprit, états mentaux ou, selon une définition plus restrictive, états intentionnels ? Les critères manquent pour les définir et les différencier, de sorte que leur liste demeure ordinairement ouverte : croyance, intention, désir, conviction… J. Searle a fait un pas vers la résolution de cette question. Le critère de la direction d’ajustement, d’abord appliqué aux actes illocutoires, a été mis par la suite au service d’une classification des états intentionnels. Il a également été employé en vue d’une étude linguistique des modalités. À la même période, A.J. Greimas a conçu des modes d’existence qui ne sont pas sans rapport avec les états intentionnels. Une rencontre entre pragmatique et sémiotique est ainsi entrevue au sujet des états intentionnels. Le présent article entend examiner quelques-uns des fondements théoriques propres aux deux approches. On y suggère notamment d’emprunter à la théorie des actes de langage le concept de force afin de consolider la théorie des modes d’existence.
Penser les actes illocutoires du point de vue de la sémiotique narrative. Comment se construit la force illocutoire ?
Authors: Anquetil Sophie
Published: February 2025

L’article détermine comment se construit la force illocutoire en s’appuyant sur les outils de la sémiotique narrative. Il propose un modèle théorique appelé « co‑illocutions », qui intègre le schéma narratif de Greimas pour analyser les actes de langage. Selon l’auteure, les actes illocutoires ne doivent pas être envisagés de manière isolée, mais comme des séquences stéréotypées qui suivent une logique narrative. En se fondant sur les travaux de Sbisà et Cooren, l’article montre que chaque acte de langage suit les phases du programme narratif : manipulation, compétence, performance et sanction. La co‑occurrence d’actes illocutoires constitue une condition essentielle à la réussite de la transformation perlocutoire. L’auteure souligne l’intérêt d’un dialogue entre la pragmatique intégrée et la sémiotique narrative pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous‑jacents à l’efficacité des actes de langage.
L’actualité ou le rapport de force autour de l’objet de valeur de l’Histoire
Authors: Santander Anne-Lise
Published: February 2025

En fixant la trajectoire des événements, l’historien met au jour l’articulation signifiante d’unités temporelles reconstituées à partir des traces laissées dans le temps. L’Histoire fait ainsi accéder le faire humain au rang d’événement par la force du dire. Sa dimension performative et perlocutoire est constitutive de sa pratique. Le passé est cependant un objet lacunaire soumis à une tension entre la logique narrative du /parvenir/ et celle du /survenir/. Observer l’actualité permet d’interroger le processus de signification de l’Histoire car elle nous replace au cœur du mode d’émergence de l’unité qui l’organise : l’événement. Dans l’actualité se joue un rapport de force autour des objets de valeur que sont le sens et l’intensité à donner aux faits. Ces rapports de force, perceptibles notamment à travers les modalités discursives sollicitées, décrivent la trajectoire tensive propre aux événements et la dimension passionnelle de cette force à l’origine de ce qui fait l’Histoire.
Trans-signifiance : signes efficaces et pouvoir du discours
Authors: Vannoni Mirco
Published: February 2025

Cette contribution vise à réfléchir sur les valeurs performatives du signe, des dynamiques et des forces du sens dans la médiation entre sémantique et pragmatique. Le point de départ de notre réflexion est la recherche de Louis Marin consacrée à la sémantique des systèmes représentatifs dans laquelle la relation chiasmatique qui tient ensemble pouvoir et représentation est centrale, et à partir de laquelle se développe sa longue réflexion sur l’idéologie de la représentation. À partir de là, nous proposons de relier cette réflexion à la théorie des speech acts proposée par John Austin et intégrée à la théorie de l’énonciation d’Émile Benveniste, ce qui nous permettra de réarticuler le problème en termes d’efficacité sémiotique.
Entre architecture, sémiotique et physique, y a-t-il place pour la force comme outil descriptif ?
Authors: Hammad Manar
Published: February 2025

Étant donné que l’architecture a une forme, et que les formes du monde physique sont déterminées par des forces, serait-il intéressant d’étudier l’architecture comme résultant de l’action d’un système de forces ? Pour répondre à la question, il faudrait savoir ce qu’est l’architecture et ce qu’est une force. Depuis cinquante ans, nous avons soumis l’architecture à un questionnement sémiotique qui tente d’en rendre compte. Au cours de ces travaux, l’architecture n’a pas reçu une définition qui puisse être utilisée pour répondre à la question posée. Elle reste une notion non définie approchée par approximations successives. Le modèle syntaxique de la sémiotique narrative lui a été appliqué pour décrire les phénomènes dynamiques observables lors de l’utilisation par des hommes. C’est à cette procédure descriptive que nous comparons la procédure mise en œuvre par des physiciens astronomes pour décrire en termes de forces les phénomènes dynamiques observés entre des corps célestes, puis sur terre. Du constat des différences épistémologiques et méthodologiques relevées, nous tentons de tirer des conclusions utiles pour la poursuite du travail sémiotique en architecture.
Battery Electric Long-Haul Trucking in the United States: A Comprehensive Costing and Emissions Analysis
Authors: Moreno Sader Kariana , Biswas Sayandeep , Jones Rob , Mennig Marian , Rezaei Reza , Green William H.
Published: February 2025

This work presents a costing and emissions analysis of long-haul battery electric trucks (BETs) with overnight charging for the U.S. market. First, we compute the energy requirements of a long-haul truck for a 600-mile (966 km) real-world driving range and perform battery sizing. The battery sizes are used along with a fleet-replacement model and the U.S. payload distribution to compute payload losses for two different chemistries, Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) and Lithium-Iron-Phosphate (LFP). Given present battery energy densities, BET fleets will require 1.06 and 1.27 times the trucks of a diesel fleet to provide the same cargo capacity. Next, we perform electricity pricing analysis for high-power applications. Our baseline scenario estimates a price of 0.32 USD/kWh, and it only decreases to 0.15 USD/kWh for the optimistic scenario. Currently, we compute the total cost of ownership for BETs to be more than twice (>2x) that of diesel trucks, however, the price premium is projected to decrease significantly to 1.2x in the long term. BETs could become economically competitive with diesel if the delivered cost of electricity for high-power applications drops below 0.1 USD/kWh, and if we realize projected improvements in battery energy density and cost. Our emissions analysis shows negligible present-day greenhouse gas (GHG) benefits from switching to BETs, primarily due to the carbon intensity of electricity generation. In the long term, we project BETs to have 40% less GHG emissions than diesel. Today, BETs are not well-suited for the long-haul trucking sector. However, our sensitivity analysis shows that operating with battery swapping and short-haul applications could potentially benefit from electrification, hence we encourage further investigation. Our analysis framework is provided as a Google Colab Notebook that can be modified to assist these needed future studies.
Doubly Stereogenic Sandwich Compounds: Separation and Characterization of Diastereomeric Metallobiscorroles
Authors: Torstensen Kristian , Sixt Florian , Alemayehu Abraham , Settineri Nicholas S. , Ghosh Abhik
Published: February 2025

A number of Group 6 metallobiscorrole sandwich compounds with square- antiprismatic coordination were separated into diastereomers by means of careful preparative thin-layer chromatography. The diastereomers differ with respect to the relative orientation of the corrole macrocycles, which are rotated approximately ±45° or ±135° relative to each other. The most clear-cut results were obtained for two tungsten corroles, W[TBCF3PC]2 {TBCF3PC = meso-tris[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]corrolato} and W[TDOMePC]2 [TDOMePC = meso- tris(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)corrolato], for which single-crystal X-ray structures were obtained for the 135° diastereomer; the existence of the 45° diastereomer was inferred by elimination and with support from DFT calculations. For Mo[TBCF3PC]2 and W[TBCF3PC]2, both diastereomers were also fully characterized spectroscopically and their 1H NMR spectra were essentially fully assigned. The fact that each diastereomer is chiral and exists as two enantiomers (which was previously demonstrated for the 135° form of a tungsten biscorrole) establishes the doubly stereogenic nature of the metallobiscorrole framework – to our knowledge, the first such demonstration for a sandwich compound.
The relevance of amino acid-chromophore interactions in protein conformational changes and their impact on chromophore relaxation dynamics
Authors: F. Echavarría Claudia , Kocsi Daniel , Abdellah Mohamed , Glover Starla , H Mejias Sara
Published: February 2025

The lack of control in the protein-chromophore interaction network in designed bio-hybrids is one of the key challenges in the field. This issue makes the photoresponse of the generated bio-hybrids unpredictable, limiting their potential. In this study, we address this challenge by developing a biohybrid system using a small, de novo α3 protein composed of three short α-helices connected by flexible loops. This design creates a simplified protein pocket in which folding is defined by a few amino acids, while the rest can be modified, enabling precise predictions through rational design. Based on this control, we showed a strategy to label the chromophore specifically achieving a well-folded Biohybridand to change the dielectric environment of the chromophore in a selective manner by locating aromatic amino acids at key positions in the pocket based on the structure of the α3. In particular, we incorporated a pyrene chromophore at position 34, centrally located within the pocket in helix 2, and introduced aromatic amino acids—phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan—at position 18 in helix 1, at 0.3 nm distance from the chromophore. Our findings revealed that these amino acids not only affect the relaxation dynamics of the chromophore but also protein conformation in a correlated manner. Specifically, tryptophan-induced an open protein conformation, while phenylalanine and tyrosine promoted a closed conformation, as evidenced by changes in pyrene emission, which acted as a conformation reporter. Using an iterative approach that combines circular dichroism and protein engineering, we demonstrated that the conformational changes arise from the low folding energy of the α3 protein (~4.3 kcal/mol). This low energy allows the protein's structure to be modulated by a single interaction serving as the sole energy input. Furthermore, transient absorption spectroscopy showed that open conformations exhibited faster triplet-state decay than closed conformations. This study highlights the critical yet often overlooked role of protein-chromophore interactions in modulating Biohybrid photoresponses. It also establishes the α3 protein as an ideal protein model system for studying these interactions with high potential for rational biohybrid design.
Low-entropy Supramolecular Crystals: Elucidating the Inhomogeneity of Interfacial Water Molecules at Atomic Resolution
Authors: Horiuchi Shinnosuke , Ogura Shota , Otsubo Kazuya , Ikemoto Yuka , Kiuchi Hisao , Watanabe Go , Takahashi Osamu , Hayashi Mikihiro , Sakuda Eri , Arikawa Yasuhiro , Umakoshi Keisuke , Harada Yoshihisa
Published: February 2025

Water at interfaces plays crucial roles in various natural phenomena and in the material sciences. Therefore, understanding the structure and hydrogen-bonding network at such interfaces is essential. Recent advances in porous crystalline materials, combined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques, have enabled the visualization of molecular structures on pore surfaces at atomic resolution. Herein, we report the formation of a supramolecular porous crystal composed of a resorcin[4]arene and a rigid cationic coordination complex, stabilized by hydrogen bonds and noncovalent interactions. This low-entropy arrangement creates a porous framework with anisotropic, information-rich surfaces, accommodating water molecules to form multi-layered water channels. The analysis reveals clustering motifs and hydrogen-bonding patterns in the water molecules at interfaces, supported by molecular dynamics calculations and spectroscopy studies. These findings advance our understanding of the structure–property relationship of water at interfaces in lowentropy crystalline materials, offering insights into their behavior on complex surfaces.
Product Selectivity in Photochemical CO2 Reduction by a Post-synthetically Modified Zr-MOF
Authors: Reji Rosmi , Vizuet Juan P. , Yan Xiaoli , Behera Biki , Zheng Xin , Klenk Matthew , Weingartz Nicholas P. , Kostopoulos George T. , Chen Lin X. , Agarwal Neeraj , Zapol Peter , Huerta Eliu A. , Keceli Murat , Glusac Ksenija
Published: February 2025

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an excellent platform for photochemical CO2 reduction into valuable chemicals. Herein, we report the synthesis and photocatalytic behavior of Ru@MOF-808, a Zr-based MOF that was post-synthetically modified with a Ru-polypyridyl complex. The post-synthetic modification was achieved using solvent-assisted incorporation of bipyridine-carboxylate ligands onto the nodes of the MOF-808, followed by the coordination of the Ru(II)-terpiridine moiety. A thorough characterization including 1H-NMR, diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and gas adsorption studies, combined with DFT calculations, provide strong support for efficient incorporation of the molecular Ru-complex at the loading of one Ru center per node. In the presence of a strong sacrificial reductant BIH(1,3-Dimethyl-2-phenylbenzimidazoline), Ru@MOF-808 was found to catalyze photochemical reduction of CO2 into a mixture of CO and formate ion. When compared to the homogeneous model catalyst Ru(tpy)(bpy)₂⁺, Ru@MOF-808 was found to exhibit higher formate yields. To explain these formate enhancements, we propose a mechanism that involves the CO2 capture at the MOF nodes to form Zr-bicarbonate species, which further react in a hydride transfer reaction with photo-generated Ru-H donor, thereby outperforms molecular catalyst in HCOO- production. Overall, the results presented in this work indicate the potential of Zr-based MOFs in integrating CO2 capture with its photochemical conversion to desired products.
Toward Far-red Emitting Chemogenetic Labelling for Live Cell Super-Resolution Microscopy using Fluorescence-Activating and Absorption-Shifting Tag
Authors: Kozma Eszter , Szatmári Ágnes , Novák Tibor , Török György , Nikić-Spiegel Ivana , Kormos Attila , Cserép Gergely B. , Egyed Alexandra , Horváth Ágnes , Németh Krisztina , Kereszty Réka , Czvik Elvira , Erdélyi Miklós , Kele Péter
Published: February 2025

Live cell super-resolution microscopy (SRM) imaging is often limited by the lack of optimal fluorescent labelling approaches. Here, we report two new chemogenetic approaches allowing far-red fluorescence detection to label intracellular protein targets to achieve background free SRM images in fixed and live mammalian cells. These methods are based on Fluorescence-activating and Absorption Shifting Tag (FAST), a small monomeric protein tag that forms reversible fluorescent assembly with various rhodanine fluorophores. We developed a Förster resonance energy transfer based (FRET-FAST) method that allows single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) imaging of proteins in fixed mammalian cells. Additionally, we applied a far-red emitting variant (frFAST) to conduct fixed and live cell SMLM and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Time-lapse SMLM up to 40 minutes revealed cytoskeletal dynamics without significant photobleaching. Additionally, we imaged filopodia in living neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, we succesfully imaged mitochondrial outer membrane, microtubules, cytoskeleton and histone proteins in live cell STED microscopy. It is envisioned that the excellent photostability achieved by the presented far-red emitting FAST labelling techniques provides a new alternative for stochastic and deterministic SRM imaging of living cells, even for longer imaging sessions.
Self-Contained Cartridge for Thin Layer Chromatography Based Quantification of Chemotherapy Concentration in Human Clinical Plasma Samples
Authors: Ibsen Stuart , Taylor Alaric William , Serrano González Luis Antonio , Siebel Christian , Marangon Elena , Toffoli Giuseppe , Boos Joachim , Guldin Stefan
Published: February 2025

Therapeutic drug monitoring enables personalized cancer medicine by dosing patients with chemotherapy based on the patient’s own unique rate of drug clearance and metabolic degradation. These rates significantly influence the plasma concentration which influences patient outcomes. This is especially true for the commonly used chemotherapy agent doxorubicin. The current state-of-the-art method used to determine drug concentrations in blood is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, the need for specialized equipment and expertise restricts the use of HPLC for point-of-care applications, limiting the clinical impact of TDM. To address this challenge, we demonstrate here a new self-contained thin layer chromatography (TLC) system that uses a single step plasma drug extraction from plasma along with a self-contained hermetically sealed TLC cartridge design. The system effectively separates the chemotherapy agent DOX from its metabolites and other blood components during TLC plate development, while preventing release of silica dust from the TLC plate and mobile phase fumes. In evaluation with clinical samples, 75% of TLC measurements aligned within 15% of HPLC-derived values, and all fell within 16%, fulfilling FDA acceptance criteria for a bioanalytical system using chromatographic methods. We demonstrate that this process can be successfully conducted inside the self-contained cartridge that hermetically seals the TLC plate. Future automation of the cartridge handling and imaging would allow this process to be safely performed in a clinical setting with minimal interaction from clinical staff.
Basic Concepts and Tools of Artificial Intelligence in Polymer Science
Authors: ferji khalid
Published: February 2025

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool for addressing scientific and technical challenges across various disciplines. AI enables data-driven predictions, uncovers hidden patterns, and automates labor-intensive tasks, offering unprecedented opportunities for innovation. However, its rapid rise has been disruptive, and many scientific fields—including polymer science—were not fully prepared for its integration. The complexity of polymer systems, coupled with the traditionally empirical nature of the field, has made AI adoption particularly challenging. Many polymer scientists still face significant barriers, including technical complexity, and a lack of interdisciplinary training. This perspective serves as an entry point for researchers seeking to integrate AI into polymer science by presenting real-world applications, practical tools, and key challenges. Rather than providing an exhaustive review for specialists, it aims to familiarize polymer scientists with AI’s capabilities and encourage further exploration. By lowering entry barriers and fostering interdisciplinary dialogue, this work bridges the gap between conventional polymer research and data-driven innovation, paving the way for future advancements.
Effects of Smartphone Photography on Commercial Photographers in Bolgatanga, Ghana.
Authors: Awinzeligo M. H. , Churcher W. E. , Oppong C. , Duut N. G. , Wemegah R. , Kuupole E.
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of smartphone photography and social media use on the professional photography business, focusing on commercial photographers in Bolgatanga Municipality, Ghana and the Bolgatanga Technical University campus.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A descriptive research approach was used, with quantitative data collected through standardised questionnaires distributed to 196 smartphone users and 23 commercial photographers. T
Findings: The findings show a considerable decrease in demand for commercial photography services due to the widespread usage of smartphones for personal photography and social media sharing. Many smartphone users consider their photographic skills sufficient, resulting in less reliance on professional services.
Research Limitation: The study focuses solely on the commercial photography sector, overlooking other possible impact areas within the photographic industry.
Practical implication: Commercial photographers must adopt new technologies to remain competitive and provide distinctive, high-quality services that smartphone users cannot readily reproduce.
Social Implication: Smartphones have democratised photography by allowing consumers to capture and share visual content on social media platforms, contributing to decreased demand for professional photography. This social shift emphasises commercial photographers' need to integrate their business models with changing customer behaviour in the digital era.
Originality/ Value: This study adds to our understanding of the changing photography landscape, especially in a developing economy. It provides significant insights into how commercial photographers may adapt to the challenges provided by the advent of smartphone photography and social media.
The propagation of seismic waves, misinformation, and disinformation from the 2024-10-05 M 4.5 Iran earthquake
Authors: Fernando Benjamin , Maguire Ross , Fernandez Brianna , Karimi Saman , Koenck Elizabeth , Ekström Göran , Rivlin Tom , Labedz Celeste
Published: February 2025

The 2024-10-05 Iran M 4.5 earthquake took place at a time of heightened tensions in the Middle East. We perform a discrimination and moment tensor analysis and identify a shallow-dipping, reverse fault source commensurate with the compressional setting of the Iranian interior. Nonetheless, the event's aftermath saw widespread dissemination of misinformation, and potentially active disinformation, concluding that it was in fact a test of an Iranian nuclear weapon. The `evidence' for many of these claims was based on inaccurate interpretation of seismic data. In this paper, we analyse how geophysical `fake news' propagated through social media (mainly Twitter/X) following this event, eventually gaining traction in mainstream, earned media. This event is an illustrative warning of how seismic data can be misinterpreted and/or manipulated in public discourse.
In-silico, in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of cynanchum callialatum leaves
Authors: K Nithyakalyani , B Gayathri , D Monisha , M Vignesh , K Balasundaram , V Jothi Ganesh , P Shanmugapandian
Published: February 2025

Inflammatory disorders, including various forms of rheumatic diseases, are a serious global issue. For the treatment of such disorders, the world's population is increasingly turning to herbal treatments. Many plants have been tested for anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties, but only a handful have reached the therapeutic level. The purpose of this research is to determine the anti-inflammatory potential of Cynanchum callialatum leaves using in-silico and in-vitro investigations. The leaves' ethanol extract was produced and analysed for antioxidant capability using the DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assays. Through molecular docking investigations, the phytoconstituents found in the leaves were docked against PLA2, COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX proteins. µAt 1000 µg/ml, the leaf extract had a maximum inhibitory percentage of 67.61 percent (nitric oxide) and 70.41 percent (DPPH), with an IC50 of 414.4 g/ml (nitric oxide) and 446.6 µg/ml (DPPH) (DPPH). The docking investigations indicated that the ligands inhibited the PLA2 protein via a mechanism and were submitted to a PLA2 inhibition experiment. The extract inhibited the enzyme by 71.92 percent at 1000 µg/ml, with an IC50 of 289.8 µg/ml. To assess the full inhibitory efficacy of PLA2, the phytoconstituents must be exposed to additional preclinical and clinical research.
PLANT NUTRITION DISORDERS: INSIGHTS FROM CLINIC ANALYSES AND THEIR IMPACT ON PLANT HEALTH
Authors: Ghimirey Vivek , Chaurasia Jay , Marahatta Saurav
Published: February 2025

Understanding the role and mobility of each vital nutrient in the plant can aid in determining which nutrient is causing a deficiency or toxicity symptom. This study aims to help to understand the concept of plant health clinics and its importance in plant growth. It also emphasizes the nutrient disorder and factors affecting visible disorder symptoms. Common deficiency symptoms include stunted growth, chlorosis, interveinal chlorosis, purple or red discoloration, and necrosis. Over-application of nutrients causes nutrient toxicity, manifesting as abnormal growth, chlorosis, leaf discoloration, and necrotic spots. When consumed in excess, many nutrients impede the absorption of other nutrients, potentially leading to deficient symptoms. Evaluating visual symptoms in the field is a cheap and rapid way to discover potential nutrient deficiencies or toxicities in crops, and learning to recognize symptoms and the causes is a valuable skill for correcting soil fertility problems.
ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL CO-OPERATIVES ON OFF-SEASON PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF CAPSICUM (Capsicum annuum) IN CHITWAN DISTRICT OF NEPAL
Authors: Adhikari Susmita , Sharma Shanti , Pandey Shushil , Bashyal Parbin , Regmi Kamal
Published: February 2025

Survey research was carried out in Rapti and Khairahani Municipalities of Chitwan District with objective to assess the influence of agricultural cooperatives on off-season Capsicum annum cultivation. Employing Random Sampling, data were gathered from 156 households, with 66 participating in cooperatives and 90 not. Descriptive statistics, economic analysis and inferential study were conducted for data analysis. Brahmin as ethnicity, business as primary occupation of household head, total family member and family member involved in farming were found positively and significantly affecting whereas age, sex and education status were found negatively affecting involvement of farmer in cooperative. Cooperative farmers received more intensive training (77.3%) compared to non-cooperative counterparts. Independent sample t-test revealed lower expenses for cooperative farmers in terms of seeds (Rs. 120,547.20 per hectare) and inorganic fertilizer (Rs. 31,233.26 per hectare) compared to non-cooperative farmers i.e. Rs. 143,913.54 and Rs. 35,072.15 per hectare respectively. Cooperative farmers achieved higher revenue per hectare (Rs. 3,818,328.19) compared to non-cooperative farmers (Rs. 2,998,260.30). The Benefit-Cost Ratio and productivity ton per hectare were significantly higher for cooperatives i.e. 3.13 and 41.74 compared to non-cooperatives i.e. 2.30 and 39.91, signifying greater economic benefit. Insufficient subsidies for tunneling were found major problem as production with the index value 0.82 and fluctuation in market price as marketing challenges with the index value 0.83. The study concluded that agricultural cooperatives play a pivotal role in enhancing off-season capsicum production and marketing, positively impacting the livelihoods of participating farmers.
ASSESSING THE RESPONSE OF GREEN ONION TO NITROGEN RATE AND PLANT DENSITY ON YIELD AND QUALITY
Authors: Hassan S.A. , Maharik Z.Y. , Mohammed M.H. , Sadek Ihab I. , Heggi M.A.M.
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted at the Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), to assess the response of green onion to three nitrogen rates, i.e., 100% as a recommended rate, 125 and 150% as excess rates, plus three plant densities such as 80 plants per square meter as a control and 100 and 120 plants per m2 as a heavy plant density. Seedlings of (Allium cepa L. vc. Giza 20) were transplanted on 1st October in the 2022 and 2023 seasons, respectively. Treatments were put in a spilt plot design with three replications. Nitrogen rates were arranged in the main plot, while, plant density was arranged in the sub-main plot. Vegetative growth parameters were taken, such as (plant length, number of leaves, bulb diameter, and neck girth per plant). When, yield productivity was determined as fresh weigh/plant and productivity per square meter. Also, chemical concentrations were indicated in the plant as N, P, and K. When, T.S.S. was determined as a quality parameter/plant. Moreover, reduction in the fresh weight of weed per square meter was recorded. Results reflected that, all tested parameters were affected significantly by nitrogen rates with plant density. The highest productivity of green onion per square meter was obtained with applied 150% rate from nitrogen, plant density by 120 plants per square meter and the interaction between them. In the same way, an evaluation of costs and benefits revealed that the alternative methods of cultivation led to higher economic income. More advanced, there is a positive role in reducing the fresh weight of weed.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVEL OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPINACH (Spinacia Oleracea L.)
Authors: Wagan Maqsood Ali , Wagan Farhan Ali
Published: February 2025

The aim of this experiment / study was to compare the effects of different combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of a local spinach variety (Sindhi Palak) in a private field in 2023. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with the three replications and the seven treatments. Included T₁ = Control,T2 = 40 kg N ha-1,T3 = 40 kg N+ 3 tons FYM ha-1, T4 = 50 kg N +5 tons FYM ha-1 The results revealed that spinach plantation nourished with 75 kg N + 6ha FYM produced the plants of 38.42 cm height on average, produced 19.05 leaves plant, 44.31 g fresh weight, took 24.33 days to first cutting, 24.47 cm leaf length.The crop fertilized with 75 kg N + 4t ha FYM produced plants of 34.05 cm height, 17.26 leaves plant, 40.02 g fresh weight, took 25.00 days to first cutting, 22.97 cm leaf length. The crop given 75 kg N ha-1 only (no FYM) produced plants of 31.76 cm height, 15.73 leaves plant’, 36.34 g fresh weight, took 25.67 days to first cutting, 19.55 cm leaf length.The values for almost all the characters declined with decreasing N and FYM levels and spinach crop given 50 kg N ha-1 + 5 t ha-1 FYM, produced plants of 30.97 cm height, 15.70 leaves plant, 36.28 g fresh weight, took 27.00 days to first cutting, 19.50cm leaf length,The treatment 40 kg N ha-1 +3 t ha-1 FYM, 40 kg ha-1 N (without FYM) as well as control resulted in decline in value for all the traits investigated, minimum being in control. It was concluded that the spinach growth and yield was substantially higher under combined application of organic manures (FYM) in addition to inorganic nitrogen (as urea); and 75 kg N+ 6 ha-1 FYM resulted in optimum crop performance; while decrease in N, FYM or N application without FYM showed adverse impact on spinach yields.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT RATES OF NPK FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND PROFITABILITY OF CARDINAL VARIETY OF POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) IN TALKOT, BAJHANG, NEPAL
Authors: Sai Rijwan , Bohara Maheshwari , Sharma Raksha , Thapa Saroj , Rai Sapana , Paswan Shobha
Published: February 2025

The lack of knowledge regarding the appropriate rates and methods for applying nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) fertilizers often leads to deficiency and toxicity symptoms in potato fields in Talkot, resulting in low yields due to either very high or very low fertilizer application. To address this issue, an experiment was conducted in the Talkot Rural Municipality of Bajhang District to evaluate the effects of different NPK fertilizer rates on the growth, yield, and profitability of the Cardinal potato variety. This study employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments (0:0:0 kg/ha, 100:100:60 kg/ha, 50:50:0 kg/ha, 50:50:30 kg/ha, and 150:150:90 kg/ha NPK fertilizers) and four replications. Analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test showed that the 150:150:90 kg/ha NPK treatment resulted in the highest values for plant height, canopy diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, number of main stems, tuber diameter, tuber weight, and shoot weight per hill, while the 0:0:0 kg/ha NPK rate had the lowest values. Economic analysis indicated that the 150:150:90 kg/ha NPK rate offered the highest benefit-cost ratio and gross returns compared to other treatments. Therefore, the 150:150:90 kg/ha NPK rate was identified as the optimal rate for the Cardinal potato variety, maximizing growth, yield, and profitability. These findings suggest that potato farmers in Talkot Rural Municipality would significantly benefit from adopting the 150:150:90 kg/ha NPK rate for the Cardinal variety to achieve higher yields and greater profits.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND GENETIC PARAMETERS STUDY OF MULTINATIONAL HYBRID OF CUCUMBER IN LAMJUNG
Authors: Chaudhary Rudra Narayan , Chataut Govind Parshad , Bhandari Amita , kandel Bishnu Prasad , Chhetri Lal Bahadur
Published: February 2025

Evaluating Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) hybrids in a specific environment is a key task for increase in production and productivity in cucumber and for the hybrid cucumber program. The objective of this study was to identify a promising cucumber hybrid for summer planting in hilly regions. Eight cucumber hybrids were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with the three replications during summer season of 2021 at the research field of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung, Nepal. The cucumber hybrids show a significant difference in yield and other parameters except days of first flowering, days of 50% flowering, average fruit length and average fruit girth in an open field condition. The Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) values were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), revealing influence of environment in character expression. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and high GCV were observed for leaf area, number of female flowers and fruit weight. The hybrids NS404 and NINJA were promising due to higher yield, days of first flowering, greater number of female flowers, more branches number and short vine length than others hybrids. Correlation studies suggested that leaf number, leaf area, average fruit length and number of female flowers shows a positive significant correlation with fruit weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of female flowers had maximum direct effect followed by number of male flowers, branch number, fruit length, days of first flowering and vine length. These traits can be utilized effectively through selection in varietal development.