bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Phases of Clinical Trials: From Preclinical Studies to Post-market Surveillance
Authors: R Dinesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

Clinical trials are basic within the improvement and assessment of therapeutic intercessions, including unmistakable stages to guarantee safety, efficacy, and quality. The method starts with preclinical considerations, conducted in research facilities and on creature models, to survey preparatory security and natural action. On the off chance that comes about are promising, Stage I trials commence, including a small bunch of solid volunteers or patients to assess security, measurement, and pharmacokinetics. Stage II trials extend the member pool, centering on adequacy and side impact profiling with a focus on the populace. Victory in Stage II leads to Stage III trials, large-scale considers planned to affirm helpful adequacy, screen antagonistic responses, and compare the intercession with standard medicines. These trials frequently include assorted populaces and numerous centers, producing strong data for regulatory endorsement. After the effective completion of Stage III, administrative offices just like the FDA or EMA audit the discoveries to give advertising authorization. Be that as it may, the assessment does not conclusion here; Stage IV, or post-market observation, starts once the mediation is accessible to the open. This phase monitors long-term impacts, uncommon unfavorable occasions, and real-world viability, contributing to the continuous risk-benefit investigation. Each stage could be a fastidiously arranged step, represented by moral contemplations and administrative systems, guaranteeing that restorative headways are interpreted into secure and successful medications for patients.
An Evidence-Based Review of Parangipattai Pathangam for its Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Nanju Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram Sanatorium, Tamil Nadu, India, Abarna B , Raghavi M , Suresh R , Adithya R Sathish , Amirtharaj D , Kanimozhi S
Published: January 2025

Background: The Siddha system of medicine, integrates ancient philosophy with scientific principles, focusing on the transformation of metals and minerals into nanoparticles through various processes. Parangipattai Pathangam, a Siddha Herbo-mineral sublimate, illustrates this process by sublimating metals like mercury, sulphur, and cinnabar with pretreated Smilax china Linn soaked in various herbal juices to create a fine therapeutic powder. Scientific analysis confirm its stability, acidic nature, and bioactive compounds, validating its long shelf life and diverse applications. Objective: A review of the scientific literature on the ingredients of Parangipattai pathangam was undertaken. Method: This comprehensive assessment involved searching through Siddha literature, unpublished dissertations, Thesis, as well as relevant publications in multiple databases and electronic search engines, including National Library of Medicine (NLM), Pub Med Central, Science Direct, Embase, Mendely, Google scholar. The aim was to gather all pertinent information available on the subject. The pharmacological review highlights its anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antioxidant activities, which align with traditional Siddha uses. Previous studies on advanced techniques such as HPTLC, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM-EDS, and TGA characterize Parangipattai Pathangam, revealing particle sizes below 50 nm and a crystalline structure with enhanced bioavailability. Toxicity studies demonstrate its safety in controlled doses. Novelty: This study emphasizes the blend of ancient wisdom and modern scrutiny, offering the potential for contemporary medical advancements while preserving traditional healing practices. Further research aims to expand its therapeutic applications.

Keywords: Parangipattai Pathangam, Siddha Sublimate, Siddha, Purification
Developing an Encryption Method with a Comparative Algorithmic Approach of Lightweight Block Ciphers for Improved Security Performance in IoT Devices: PRESOPT
Authors:   Research Scholar, S.T. E. T Women’s College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli), Sundarakkottai, Mannargudi, Thiruvarur Dt., 614016, Tamil Nadu, India, Savima K , Srinath M V
Published: January 2025

Background: This study compares encryption-decryption algorithms, and a new framework called PRESOPT, which is improved upon the Present algorithm, a lightweight block cipher. This article examines the security and performance of DES, ROT-13, and the current framework for the PRESOPT implementation outcome. Objectives: PRESOPT is developed to enhance and surpass the safety operation of prevailing algorithms with complementary capabilities to make IoT devices more resilient to cyberattacks. The PRESOPT algorithm is designed to optimize both time and security. Method: The algorithm uses DES with a 64-bit block size, a key length of 56 bits, and 16 operation rounds. On the other hand, the existing method uses a set of procedures utilizing Near Feel Communication (NFC) based pairing that works with Internet of Things devices, whereas ROT-13 is an improvement on the Ceaser cipher. Python is used to implement the simulations for the suggested study, and the outcomes are successfully procured. Findings : The output shows Elapsed Time 0.00281709 seconds that it handles block ciphers efficiently. Novelty: The proposed PRESOPT algorithm improves the present algorithm's security performance and gives an add-on capability to secure the Internet of Things from cyberattacks.

Keywords: IoT (Internet of Things), ROT-13 (Rotation-13), Cipher, Encryption, Decryption
Innovative Learning Assistance Through the Multiverse AI Educator Using Natural Language Processing
Authors:   Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, Godavari Global University, Rajamahendravaram, 533296, Andra Pradesh, India, Leelavathy N , Sujatha B , Sindhu B , Manikanti Y Devi , Geethanjali P , Kumar K Ravi , Prabhu K Akash
Published: January 2025

Objectives: To develop an AI-powered chatbot utilizing NLP techniques for personalized learning, efficient academic support, and seamless college navigation using English as the primary communication medium. Methods: The study employed BERTSUM and Pegasus for text summarization, with SVM and Random Forest for college website navigation. An automated email-based problem-reporting mechanism was implemented to address students’ concerns. Data simulation was conducted to evaluate the performance metrics of these algorithms. Findings: The Multiverse AI Educator enhanced learning by simplifying academic concepts through summarization models, achieving over 85% accuracy in delivering concise explanations. Navigation assistance efficiently directed users to college resources with an 88% success rate in locating relevant sections. The problem-reporting system streamlined communication with college authorities, reducing response times by 50%. These functionalities demonstrate the AI's capacity to foster interactive learning and improve accessibility in educational settings. The findings align with existing AI-driven educational tools while introducing novel integration of problem reporting. Novelty: Integration of NLP with AI-driven academic assistance and automated issue reporting in a single platform using supervised learning.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, ChatBot, BERTSUM, Pegasus, Wav2Vec, DeepSpeech, Natural Language Processing
RLB-MALBAC: A non-transposase method for amplifying and barcoding DNA using Multiple Annealing and Looping Based Amplification Chemistry (MALBAC) for Oxford Nanopore sequencing. v1
Authors: J Gadkar Vijay , Dhaliwal Sukh
Published: January 2025

Low amounts of starting material can be a major bottleneck in preparing libraries for Oxford Nanopore sequencing. The only recourse till date has been to implement an amplification step, to “pre-amplify” the low amount of input DNA, with the tagmentation-PCR (SQK-RPB114.24 kit) or multiple displacement amplification (MDA) based workflow, being the two commonly used options. We here demonstrate a novel, PCR based amplification protocol, based on Multiple Annealing and Looping Based Amplification Cycles (MALBAC), a quasilinear whole genome amplification (WGA) method (Zhong et al., 2012). The libraries synthesized with this workflow, are compatible with the SQK-RPB114.24 kits barcoding system only. This protocol, henceforth, referred to as the RLB-MALBAC protocol, can representatively amplify low amounts (2-5ng) of genomic DNA and has successfully been used to sequence bacterial and viral genomes. The versatility of our RLB-MALBAC method, could have broad application in many other areas of biology for e.g., forensics, single cells genomics or transcriptomics, where sample limitation is an major bottleneck. We here present a working protocol of the RLB-MALBAC procedure, using the genomic DNA of Escherichia coli bacteriophage lambda DNA, as an example target template for sequencing.
High-throughput quantitative analysis of isoprenyl acetate (IPA) by using an Agilent RapidFire-QqQ system v1
Authors: Chen Yan , Won Kang Chae , Soon Lee Taek , A Simmons Blake , J Petzold Christopher
Published: January 2025

This protocol details steps in high-throughput measurement of isoprenyl acetate (IPA) with the Agilent RapidFire 400 coupled with Agilent 6460 QqQ system, and a subsequent data processing using the Agilent Quantitative analysis software. This analytical assay provides accurate and high-throughput quantitation of IPA from a broad variety of sample types, such as microbial fermentation cultures, chemical overlays, intracellular cell lysate etc. The protocol provides flexible options for measurements of small number of samples or ultra high-throughput screening of thousands samples per day.
Self‐Organised Practices of Social Participation; or How Individualisation is Collectively Contested in the Raval
Authors: Tietje Olaf
Published: January 2025

In this article, I focus on current developments in the Raval district of the Spanish metropolis of Barcelona and show how social participation can be made possible despite hostility. Social participation is the opportunity for subjects to take part in society and, in this way, to experience “belonging to society.” “Belonging to a society” means experiencing both active and passive opportunities to shape and use socially founded and politically constituted community relationships and infrastructures. The example of the Raval shows how neighbours can be activated as a collective through self‐organised practices of social participation. In the context of a welfare state in transformation, social participation is partly being transferred from the state to civil society actors. Focusing on the issues of housing, security, and care, this article shows how, on the one hand, this transferring of responsibility contradicts individualisation and creates something in common. On this basis, the residents can find collective answers to individualised problems and improve social participation. On the other hand, it shifts the weight of social responsibility unto civil society, which means that social participation is no longer guaranteed by the state and, as in the case of the Raval, becomes dependent on more or less randomly developed structures in the social environment.
THE EVOLUTION OF IRAN–SAUDI RELATIONS SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, KIIANYTSIA Volodymyr
Published: January 2025

Background. The Islamic Republic of Iran, whose political strategy in the Persian Gulf aims to promote the country's dominance in the region, inevitably faces the reaction of another influential regional rival – the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Since the declaration of the Islamic Republic, the relations between both countries have been characterized by unstable dynamics due to deep antagonism shaped by internal and external political factors. The purpose of the publication was to analyze the evolution of Iran–Saudi relations and identify key factors that determine the dynamics of relations and shape the causes of confrontation.

Methods. The study utilized such general logical methods as analysis, deduction, induction and abstraction. Additionally, historical method, comparative method, modeling method, as well as methods of contextual and critical analysis were applied.

Results. The study identified the interconnection of Iran's internal political dynamics with the nature of its relations with Saudi Arabia. Key conflict-generating factors included the nature of the political regimes in both countries, religious differences, the ideological discourse of the Islamic Republic, national identity, and the struggle for regional dominance. The intensification of the conflict is attributed to the peculiarities of regional alliances, the presence of the United States in the region, and active cooperation between Saudi Arabia and the USA, as well as Iran's ties with armed groups operating in the region and the nature of its nuclear program. Additionally, it was noted that the evolution of these relations is influenced by the United States and China.

Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the research findings, it can be concluded that the relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia encompass a complex of issues due to the influence of a number of interconnected conflict-generating factors, which provoke confrontation. However, the resolution of this conflict may be possible with the involvement of non-regional actors.
INFORMATION POLICY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, STEPANYSHYN Ruslan , KHRABAN Ihor ,   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The information space of the People's Republic of China has turned out to be the most difficult area of the information struggle. The peculiarities of its internal functioning, the absence of any Ukrainian media in China, and the influence of powerful Russian “partner” propagandists have posed difficult challenges and tasks for Ukrainians. For years, Russia has been pouring significant resources into shaping a positive image of the country and its leader for the Chinese consumer of information. In addition, China has been adopting Russian methods of conducting information warfare against Ukraine for more than a decade, especially during the period of full-scale Russian aggression, and has begun to actively use them in the international arena.
Methods. The priorities of China's state information policy are considered on the basis of systemic, structural-functional and comparative research methods, which allowed to reflect the practical experience of the Chinese political authorities in achieving goals in the external and internal spheres.
Results. On the basis of the political analysis of the state information policy of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the author proves the leading role of China's political ideology in its formation in the context of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war and, as a result, the irreversible future change in the world order, which requires further adjustment of the current state of information cooperation between Ukraine and China.
Conclusions. China's international aspirations are realized with state support at the level of political decisions, executive structures, legislative support and directed influence on the society's awareness of new opportunities of the information civilization. At the same time, China is actively studying the experience of Russia's information warfare against Ukraine and its Western allies, willingly applying such methods as disinformation and the use of fakes, which have become Beijing's chosen information weapon. Today, information cooperation between Ukraine and China is in its infancy: the Chinese population knows little about Ukraine and the events taking place in it; the same can be said about Ukrainians.
Forming the Image of Ukrainian Theater in the 21st century
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Vazhynskyi Serhii
Published: January 2025

The article examines the process of forming the contemporary Ukrainian theater’s image in the twenty-first century. The author analyzes the key aspects that influence the creation and establishment of the theater’s image in the contemporary cultural context. The main thematic areas include theatrical experimentation, the use of modern technologies in productions, interaction with the audience, and the role of theater in shaping public consciousness. The article aims to reveal the unique features of contemporary Ukrainian theater and its impact on the cultural image of Ukraine in the twenty-first century. In addition, the article examines the impact of socio-cultural changes, political events, and globalization on the image of Ukrainian theater, focusing on how these factors affect the themes, style, and aesthetics of contemporary performances. The study covers aspects of theater art, from the creative process to interaction with the audience through various formats of performances and performances. Innovative approaches to theatrical art, including the use of modern media technologies, experimental methods of acting and innovative scenic solutions are highlighted. The article also analyzes the reactions of viewers and critics to innovative approaches in theater productions, as well as their reflection in the media and social networks. The article identifies the main trends and challenges that accompany the formation of the image of Ukrainian theater in the twenty-first century and considers the possibilities for further development and improvement of its art in the context of modern challenges and audience expectations.
Data Supporting a Comprehensive Approach to Reproductive and Sexual Health Education to Meet the Needs of Youth
Authors: Barr Elissa , Smotherman Carmen , Moore Michele , Xie Zhigang , Balaguer Emily
Published: January 2025

In the United States, reproductive and sexual health education continues to be greatly debated. Although research documents a more comprehensive approach to sex education is preferred by the majority and is effective in reducing risky sexual behaviors among adolescents, current state level direction in Florida is promoting more abstinence education. This is concerning as adolescents continue to engage in risky sexual behaviors and experience high rates of sexually transmitted diseass, HIV, and unplanned pregnancy. Researchers in this study assessed support for sex education in one large district in the state of Florida to document the preferred approach and to identify specific topics perceived as being important to include. A total of 605 participants completed a 32-item survey administered through random digit dialing to include both landlines and cell phones. Data were analyzed using SAS® for Windows Version 9.4, with significance set at 5%. Pearson’s Chi-square tests were used to investigate differences in responses by participants’ characteristics, and several are noted in this study. Results document overwhelming support for a comprehensive approach to sex education, and support for a variety of topics to include in sex education for both middle school and high school students. These results confirm that the state of Florida’s push for a more restrictive curriculum is not consistent with the preference of the majority and does not meet the needs of youth. It is hoped that these results can better guide policy decisions while also supporting others in determining their local support to help promote positive change.
Convivencias sanas y libres de violencia y acoso. Guía para promover la igualdad de género en las empresas de América Latina y el Caribe: Dimensión 6
Authors: Avella Analia Marina , Hakspiel Julia , Villanueva María Teresa
Published: January 2025

Convivencias sanas y libres de violencia y acoso es una de las ocho dimensiones de la Guía para promover la igualdad de género en las empresas de América Latina y el Caribe. Esta guía tiene como objetivo orientar al sector empresarial en el diseño e implementación de medidas que promuevan la igualdad de oportunidades entre hombres y mujeres en los entornos laborales. Incluye evidencia, herramientas de apoyo y casos de estudio tanto regionales como internacionales, además de ofrecer hojas de ruta claras con recomendaciones flexibles y adaptables a los diversos contextos y necesidades empresariales.
Tecnología cívica para mejorar calidad del aire en ciudades
Authors: Piedrafita Carolina , Vazquez Brust Antonio , Scetta María de los Angeles , Madera Arends Roberto
Published: January 2025

La tecnología cívica aplicada a la calidad del aire tiene la capacidad de promover la transparencia cerrando brechas de información al proporcionar datos detallados sobre dónde y cómo se materializan los impactos locales de la contaminación del aire. Esto permite a los ciudadanos tomar decisiones informadas para proteger su salud, cambiar sus comportamientos y reducir su exposición al aire contaminado. La tecnología cívica también cumple un rol fundamental en la concientización de la sociedad, al informar y educar sobre los efectos de la contaminación del aire en la salud y el medio ambiente.

En este contexto, la publicación "Tecnología cívica aplicada a la calidad del aire" presenta tres proyectos piloto que fueron desarrollados desde el Laboratorio de Ciudades, con una inversión de bajo costo en tecnología pero con gran potencial para mejorar la situación de los ciudadanos frente a la calidad del aire. Estos proyectos se han desarrollado de manera colaborativa involucrando a ciudadanos, gobierno, sector privado y tercer sector, para atender necesidades identificadas por los gobiernos locales. Los proyectos piloto se llevaron a cabo en Lima (Perú), Bogotá (Colombia) y Quito (Ecuador); las dos primeras ciudades se ubican entre las ciudades con el aire más contaminado de ALC. En las tres ciudades se abordó, con distintas formas de aplicar tecnología cívica, el aspecto de la movilidad urbana y el transporte. La elección de esta temática se basó en que el uso de vehículos de combustión es el principal factor contaminante sobre el cual los gobiernos locales tienen una influencia directa, en contraposición a otros sectores como la industria y la energía.
Application of Embroidery and Beading Techniques to Woven Fabrics Lurik with Gunungan Motifs on Fashion Products
Authors: Choirunnisa Nabila Rahmaniar , Siagian Marissa Cory Agustina
Published: January 2025

Embellishment is a technique of decorating the fabric’s surface that is usually applied to the product to make it look more attractive or beautify its fashion. Embellishment techniques are often used in embroidery and beading. The material used in this technique is usually just thread embroidery and uses various types of plastic beads, sequins, glass, and natural materials such as stones and shells. In the 15th century in Byzantium, art embroidery was something luxurious, so only certain people could afford it. In Indonesia, the beading technique is used as a decorative object in clothing that supports the interests of customs. Indonesia also has traditional woven fabrics and shadow puppets that are considered ancient because they have existed since the royal era. The woven fabric is Lurik Woven Fabric. Combining techniques of embroidery and beading on Lurik Woven Cloth by taking inspiration from Gunungan wayang kulit and using it as an embellishment on the product can provide a 3-dimensional effect and will present embellishment which is more modern and can be used in the long-term (sustainable). So, there is also novelty starting from traditional Indonesian fabrics and techniques of embellishment. In this research, we will develop more optimally regarding applying Lurik Woven Fabrics as the basis of the technique embroidery and then add technique beading as embellishment on the product fashion. This study uses qualitative methods, such as literature studies, interviews, field observations, and exploratory experiments. The results of this study were in the form of an exploration of technical experiments in embroidery and beading by adding Lurik Woven Fabric material to embellishment on the product fashion.
Keywords: beading, embellishment, embroidery, Gunungan, Lurik Woven fabric, product fashion
New Form of Social Activism Through Mural Art in Indonesian Schools
Authors: Trihanondo Donny , Nithipataraahnan Rinyaphat
Published: January 2025

Previous research has shown that murals can be used for social campaigns to mobilize certain elements of society. This paper discusses the application of murals and signage as a part of a new form of social activism through street art in Indonesia, especially as one of the supports for activism in the context of the new normal after the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Schools that focus on secondary and higher education are partners in implementing this campaign. This research is considered as qualitative research, which aims to obtain the development of a campaign form that is suitable for use in education. This research uses a participatory methodology to support the development of street art and murals that will be used. The results obtained from this study indicate that the target community of the vocational school was very enthusiastic during this research project. The murals being made deliver a message of zero-waste campaign. In addition, the murals and signage that have been developed have proven to be able to form a positive environmental atmosphere for the target school community. This research is an initial study regarding the impact of murals on education, especially in vocational education. In the future, it is hoped that this research can be replicated in other schools to obtain more experimental samples.
Keywords: social activism, mural art, Indonesian school, pandemic, zero waste
Business Model Innovation and Brand Strengthening at Artarindo Insurance. A Case Study of How Design is Applied at the Strategic Level
Authors: Prabawa Bijaksana , Majid Ahmad Zuhairi , Hugo Ben , Nandya Ariesa Beta , Wicaksono Satria Eka , Aditia Patra , Prajana Adya Mulya
Published: January 2025

The business context is changing rapidly in line with technological improvements in the Industrial Era 4.0. Changes in people’s behavior require every company to adapt to changes in their business models in the digital ecosystem. Established in 1978, Artarindo Insurance is a business entity that offers insurance products. Artarindo Insurance faces a significant threat of diminishing market share due to the age shift, which results in changes in the behavior of its customers. This research aims to see how Artarindo Insurance formulates a design strategy to answer the company’s current challenges. In previous research, design has been shown to contribute positively at the strategic level in generating innovation and strengthening the company’s brand. The method in that study used a qualitative approach, where primary data was collected through in-depth interviews and observation. Data analysis was carried out through a strategic design framework to look for design opportunities and solutions. The analysis results showed the need for rebranding and business process innovation through interaction design media as a new approach for the current market. Hopefully, this research will show how design can significantly impact business strategically and practically.
Keywords: Artarindo Insurance, branding, innovations, strategic design
Stylization of Batara Kala's Face as a Geometric Ornament Form
Authors: Ramdhan Zaini
Published: January 2025

The problem researchers to discuss in the object of this research is how the meaning and elements of visual form in the stylization of Batara Kala’s facial decoration objects in temple ornaments are viewed from the visual aesthetics. Findings assume that there are visual elements of personification of living creatures that are stylized into the form of facial objects. This research aims to determine the meaning of form in visual stylistic elements as the face of the Batara Kala figure on temple ornamental objects as of Buto Kala. The focus of the object material is using perspective analysis of the visual aesthetics form with a comparative interpretive paradigm. Using comparative object studies of the two faces of Batara Kala, research methods using qualitative, descriptive data with a visual aesthetic theory approach and semiotic analysis. Symbols, and signs to the meaning behind the face shape of the Batara Kala character in classical temple ornaments in Central Java and East Java are a form of stylization as a personification of the facial shape of other creatures with dominant elements of geometric shapes and decorative motif on Batara Kala’s face on the temple decoration. Research on the figure of the face Batara Kala on temple gate ornaments, has artistic ranging from elements of lines, planes, geometric shapes, and textures in the form of visual aesthetic style stylization. The urgency of this research is to determine the form of elements of geometric stylization as a form of creativity in forming ornaments on antagonistic facial Batara kala using stylization style.
Keywords: Batara Kala face, deformation stylization, comparative
Literature Review of Batik Garutan
Authors: Salsabila Nadiah , Ramadhani Meuthia , Solihatun Suci , Azhar Hanif
Published: January 2025

Batik Garutan is a legacy that has been passed down from generation to generation and developed before the independence period. Along with the times, the resulting motifs followed the changing patterns of society at that time; for example, popular trends were used as inspiration in Batik Garutan motifs, for example, Tiga Dara Batik and Apollo Batik. Even though it looks as if anything can be used as inspiration for batik, this is since Batik Garutan does not have a standard of elements required to be present in the manufacturing process. The research process uses the double diamond theoretical framework divided into four creative processes: discover, define, develop, and deliver. The study results show that the motifs in Batik Garutan have characteristics even though they do not have a standard for the motifs. This research can be used as a reference for designers to develop motif designs as inspiration for works so that Batik Garutan can be known more widely.
Keywords: batik, batik garutan, literature review, visual analysis
Optimization of Work Gallery Design with FIFO Approach -- FEFO
Authors: Sari Indah Komala , Sipayung Angryani , Azhari Irfan , Ciptandi Fajar
Published: January 2025

Art and design students in the learning process on campus produce works of art and products. These artworks including many kinds of creative expression, in example: painting, sculpture, art installation, graphic design, photography, and others more. The resulting works will be exhibited and archived in the work gallery. However, existing galleries have not been efficient in organizing the presentation and placement of works, resulting in damage, neglect, and disruption of works. This phenomenon occurred at the Faculty of Creative Industries Telkom University, Bandung. Data collection is carried out through visual observation, documentation, interviews, and literature studies. Data were analyzed using FIFO – FEFO approach. In this study, it can be shown that the application of FIFO-FEFO provides practical guidance for designing better gallery layouts, preventing damage to artworks, reducing abandonment of works, and ensuring a balanced rotation of works. Thus, the FIFO-FEFO approach has an important role to play in improving the effectiveness of gallery and exhibition design and providing a better experience for gallery visitors.
Keywords: art gallery, artwork management, FIFO-FEFO
Exploring the Ancient Persian/Unani Theory of Connection between Gastrointestinal and Respiratory Tracts: Current Evidence and Future Directions
Authors: Saeidinejat Shahin , Zaidi Syed Mohd Abbas , Ranjbar Alireza , Derakhshan Alireza
Published: January 2025

The theory of connection between respiratory and gastrointestinal systems is a key topic in different types of traditional medicine. In this study, we discussed the history, main concepts of this theory along with related studies and its possible clinical applications. In this regard numerous scattered studies have shown a relationship between upper and lower respiratory disorders and gastrointestinal symptoms.  Numerous epidemiologic, pathophysiologic and clinical evidence confirm the interrelationship and integrated functioning of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. It seems that the holistic approach that emphasizes the link between the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems in traditional Persian medicine, is in line with the theory of united mucosa that has been considered in recent years. The interaction between the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems can occur through several mechanisms, including commonalities in embryonic sources, role of identical mediators and receptors, influence of common pathogens in the lungs and gut, similarity of microbiota patterns and changes, and same inflammatory and mucosal responses. We believe that this theory can provide new insight for the approaches to respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders in the light of holistic medical knowledge. Also, further research should be conducted to identify the exact paths and mechanisms of communication between respiratory and gastrointestinal systems.
Enhancing Shariah Stock Screening Criteria: A Proposed Framework for Evaluating Shariah Compliance Degree
Authors: Hameed Asim , Muneeza Aishath
Published: January 2025

The study aims to enhance the current Shariah stock screening methodologies by proposing a scoring mechanism that assigns a measurable Shariah Compliance Degree (SCD) to listed scripts. This approach seeks to simplify the assessment process, enabling investors to compare and make informed decisions based on the relative level of Shariah compliance. A descriptive research methodology is employed to analyze the limitations of existing Shariah stock screening criteria, such as those used by Dow Jones, AAOIFI, MSCI, FTSE, S&P, and KMI-30 in Pakistan. The study develops a scoring mechanism that consolidates qualitative and quantitative criteria into a single percentage representing the level of Shariah compliance of each script. The proposed SCD framework addresses a critical limitation of the KMI-30 Index by providing a a more detailed assessment of compliance levels for listed stocks. Unlike the binary categorization of "compliant" or "non-compliant," the SCD framework assigns specific compliance scores, reflecting varying degrees of adherence to Shariah principles. For instance, while both POL and Meezan Bank are compliant under the KMI-30 Index, SCD assigns POL a 95% compliance score and Meezan Bank 100%, offering stakeholders greater clarity in their investment decisions. This enhancement promotes transparency, encourages ethical investment, and motivates companies to achieve higher compliance standards. This study introduces an innovative scoring mechanism for Shariah stock screening results, which enhances the existing methodologies by providing a measurable and comparative degree of compliance. This approach offers a more transparent and practical tool for investors, thereby promoting greater participation and growth in Islamic capital markets.
Tactical Games: An Inclusive Pedagogical Model for K-12 Students in Physical Education
Authors: Seymour Clancy M. , Lindauer Jeffrey , Harvey Stephen
Published: January 2025

The literature regarding K-12 student experiences in physical education (PE) has long identified issues regarding curriculum and social justice. Contributing to this narrative, the most widely used pedagogical model in K-12 PE programs in the U.S. and worldwide is the multi-activity (MA) or physical-education-as-sport techniques approach. Conversely, alternative options like the Tactical Games (TG) model have been shown to be effective in motivating students and increasing activity levels during physical education (PE) lessons. The TG model prioritizes student tactical understanding and skill develop-ment using modified games and/or simulations so all students may experience success. Therefore, in partnership between a PE Teacher Education (PETE) program and an all-girls private high school (HS) in the Northeast United States, a pilot study was designed to explore the implementation of the TG model as an alternative to MA. By practic-ing a TG lesson several times during the intervention, participating PE pre-service candidates reported better comfort with and more likely 86Tactical Games Model for K-12 Students in Physical Educationuse of TG in the future. At the same time, most HS student partici-pants reported high levels of enjoyment and limited previous experi-ences with the TG lesson structure. Results suggest the TG pedagogical model may be an inclusive option for physical educators to consider for diverse K-12 students and learning environments today.
A semiotic framework for understanding abstract animations
Authors: Pekka Holopainen Jussi , Sun Xuqin , Hattler Max
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a novel framework for understanding
and analyzing semiotic processes in abstract animations.
The framework builds on predictive processing, a paradigm
in cognitive neuroscience proposing that perception, and
consequently action and interaction, involves the brain making
multi-level and parallel predictions of potential sensory
data and then modifying the predictions based on the actual
data received. Building on this approach, we use embodied
simulation theory to explain how humans comprehend animations
(or any other stimuli) in general and, in our case,
abstract animations in particular. According to this theory,
humans generate several potential simulations of how
we would bodily and actively respond to the given stimuli.
For example, when we see a cup (or a picture of a cup),
the generated simulations involve our motor circuitry in a
way similar to if we would actually reach out and grasp the
cup (cf. Gibson’s affordances). Next, we use conceptual metaphor
theory and the notion of image- and motor-schemas
to explain how the motor simulations activate more abstract
metaphoric, but still embodied, interpretations of the animation
sequences. We explain how this semiotic chain supports
the Waltonian mimesis as a make-believe theory of fiction.
Finally, the paper uses the proposed framework to analyze
three prize-winning abstract animations by Max Hattler. The
analyses demonstrate the framework’s crucial features and
provide examples of how to use the framework for concrete
semiotic analysis of animations.
A kaleidoscopic view: Studying diverse aspects of experimental animation
Authors: Izadian Pegah
Published: January 2025

This article examines the field of experimental animation,
offering various definitions and analyzing artists’
approaches. The study aims to thoroughly classify different
aspects of experimental animation, proposing it as a kaleidoscopic
form that incorporates a wide range of elements to create
a distinctive yet comprehensive structure. This research
builds on the foundational work of experimental and digital
cinema scholars, including Robert Russett, Cecile Starr, Paul
Wells, Maureen Furniss, Miriam Harris, Paul Taberham, and
Corrie Francis Parks. Given the continual advancements in
technology and the evolving practices of experimental animation,
it is essential to update and redefine its concepts. Experimental
animators often eschew convention, developing new
techniques and expressions. Consequently, the first section of
this paper offers an in-depth analysis of the definitions surrounding
experimental animation. It further explores diverse
methodologies regarding technique, context, and production
processes. The third section reviews emerging platforms for
creating and exhibiting experimental animation, emphasizing
the importance of establishing appropriate venues for such
work. It also highlights the audience’s critical role in completing
the experiential loop of experimental animation. In
conclusion, this research will describe experimental animation
as a kaleidoscopic form that integrates diverse elements
to create a unique and multifaceted structure. The proposed
classification chart will organize methods derived from experimental
animation studies, emphasizing categorizing key
features and techniques.
Animation and Artificial Intelligence: Cartoons and the eclipse of semiosis
Authors: Perkins-Buzo John Reid
Published: January 2025

In the second volume of Technics and Time, Disorientation,
Bernard Stiegler finds that Artificial Intelligence (AI)
profoundly shapes memory and, thereby, identity and time
(2009:162-187). Through this shaping, AI weakens these two
since it excludes human beings from the production of every
sort, both material and intellectual. Human labor, with its concomitant
radication in shared cultural and historical experience,
is lost or diminished, creating a desiccation of meaning and the
devaluation of human existence. Anthroposemiosis, described
by John Deely as “the fulfillment of ‘human nature’ in the creations
of ‘culture,’ scientific and literary alike” (1994:118), no
longer perfuses the entire production of culture but is supplemented
or even replaced by other-than-human “generative
transformers.” This is especially true of the art form of animation,
which has striven to communicate human culture through
moving images, mainly visual stories and motion graphics. As
AI takes over larger and larger portions of the animation workflow,
questions arise concerning the very nature of the activity.
We can ask with Steigler, “Who animates what?” (2009:177).
Will the who, as it becomes excluded, leave the what meaningless?
By closely examining the AI generative image software,
Stable Diffusion, and OpenAI’s Sora, I will propose a tentative
response to these difficult issues. Drawing on C.S. Peirce’s essay
“Man’s Glassy Essence,” I explore his musement that human
beings truly exist on the level of shared cultural realities
and that these “are no mere metaphors…” (1892:21). Animation
which persists at the shared level of anthroposemiosis, and
resists industrialized AI, maybe one way that “the semiotic animal
… becomes aware of the historicity [νόμος] within human
experience of nature [φύσις] as a whole” (Deely 2009:107).
Full-bodied puppetry and bubblegum pop: US Saturday morning television and Kellogg’s Presents the Banana Splits Adventure Hour
Authors: Sandler Kevin
Published: January 2025

The creation of full-bodied puppetry series like Kellogg’s
Presents the Banana Splits Adventure Hour (1968-1970) on
Saturday morning in the United States provides an account
of the efforts by production companies, network executives,
and advertisers to replace its violent action-adventure programming
with comedic fare during the moral panic of 1968.
Its production history showcases how the re-introduction of
puppetry on Saturday morning was bound up in contemporary
cultural discourses involving not only media violence
but also industrial strategies shaping children’s programming
around cross-media marketing, performative labor,
and the bubblegum pop phenomenon.
激光-电能转换器热机械可靠性分析
Authors: 张紫奕  , 吴臣武
Published: January 2025

这篇文章研究了典型激光-电能转换器（Laser-Electricity Converter，LEC）在连续波（Continuous Wave，CW）激光照射下的热力学和机械响应，以及关键传感器在激光照射下的损伤行为，以评估转换器的可靠性。首先，计算并分析了整个LEC中的温升和热应力，找出了易受损的部件，即在无线电力传输过程中用于光路对准的红外探测器。然后，通过一组数值模拟揭示了探测器热机械行为的参数依赖性。最后，进行了典型的实验测试以验证理论分析的结果。
Bioconversion of peanut hulls into digestible and nutritive ruminant feed
Authors: Ali Yasir , Khan Mussayyab , Fatima Ariba , Quyoom Ruqaya
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of four lignin-degrading fungal species to breakdown lignin to improve the nutritional value and enhance the rumen degradability of low-quality roughage such as peanut hulls. The substrate was incubated with Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Calocybe indica, Pleurotus djamor for 56 days under solid state conditions (humidity, 70% ± 5%, temperature, 22 ℃ ± 5 ℃). The chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the substrates were measured at various fungal incubation periods. Fungal incubation significantly (P < 0.05) increased crude protein (CP), ash content, and IVDMD while decreasing dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin in all substrates. There was a consistent increase in the content of CP with the increasing incubation length. At the end of 56 days incubation period, the content (g/kg DM) of CP increased from 3.80 to 6.53 in peanut hulls treated by Calocybe indica; from 3.98 to 6.53 by Agaricus bisporus; from 3.99 to 6.00 by Pleurotus ostreatus and from 3.89 to 6.08 by Pleurotus djamor. The content (g/kg DM) of NDF reduced from 88.7 to 75.6 by Agaricus bisporus; 84.97 to 72.43 by Pleurotus ostreatus; 85.0 to 72.30 by Calocybe indica; and 85.5 to 70.93 by Pleurotus djamor. Incubation with fungal species resulted in a large decline in the content of lignin in SCB. Overall, the lignin content (g/kg DM) was reduced from 21.9 to 13.1 by Agaricus bisporus; 22.0 to 13.5 by Calocybe indica; 22.2 to 12.9 by Pleurotus ostreatus and from 21.87 to 14.46 by Pleurotus djamor. The content of IVDMD (P < 0.05) increased with the fungal incubation in SCB. The content of IVDMD (g/kg) increased from 30.67 to 47.9 by Agaricus bisporus; 32.3 to 47.67 by Pleurotus ostreatus; 32.37 to 47.9 by Calocybe indica; and 32.97 to 48.16 by Pleurotus djamor after 56 days of incubation period. These changes in CP, lignin, NDF and IVDMD demonstrate that Calocybe indica has a higher capability of improving the digestibility for ruminants than Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor. Overall, the study demonstrated that solid-state fermentation of peanut hulls with lignin-degrading fungi significantly improves their nutritional quality by reducing lignin content and increasing CP and IVDMD.