bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whimbrel populations differ in trans-atlantic pathways and cyclone encounters
Authors: Watts Bryan D. , Smith Fletcher M. , Hines Chance , Duval Laura , Hamilton Diana J. , Keyes Tim , Paquet Julie , Pirie-Dominix Lisa , Rausch Jennie , Truitt Barry , Winn Brad , Woodard Paul
Published: June 2021

Each year hundreds of millions of birds cross the Atlantic Ocean during the peak of tropical cyclone activity. The extent and consequences of migrant-storm interactions remain unknown. We tracked whimbrels from two populations (Mackenzie Delta; Hudson Bay) to examine overlap between migration routes and storm activity and both the frequency and consequence of storm encounters. Here we show that Mackenzie Delta and Hudson Bay whimbrels follow different routes across the ocean and experience dramatically different rates of storm encounters. Mackenzie Delta whimbrels departed North America from Atlantic Canada, made long ($$\bar{x}$$x¯ = 5440 ± 120.3 km) nonstop flights far out to sea that took several days ($$\bar{x}$$x¯ = 6.1 ± 0.18) to complete and encountered storms during 3 of 22 crossings. Hudson Bay whimbrels departed North America from the south Atlantic Coast, made shorter ($$\bar{x}$$x¯ = 3643 ± 196.2 km) nonstop flights across the Caribbean Basin that took less time ($$\bar{x}$$x¯ = 4.5 ± 0.29) to complete and encountered storms during 13 of 18 crossings. More than half of Hudson Bay storm encounters resulted in groundings on Caribbean islands. Grounded birds required longer ($$\bar{x}$$x¯ = 30.4 ± 5.32 days) to complete trans-Atlantic crossings and three were lost including 2 to hunters and 1 to a predator. One of the Mackenzie Delta whimbrels was lost at sea while crossing the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Whimbrels use two contrasting strategies to cross the Atlantic including (1) a long nonstop flight around the core of storm activity with a low likelihood of encountering storms but no safety net and (2) a shorter flight through the heart of Hurricane Alley with a high likelihood of encountering storms and a safety network of islands to use in the event of an encounter. Demographic consequences of storm encounters will likely play a role in the ongoing evolution of trans-Atlantic migration pathways as global temperatures continue to rise.
SIRT2 promotes murine melanoma progression through natural killer cell inhibition
Authors: Zhang Manchao , Acklin Scarlett , Gillenwater John , Du Wuying , Patra Mousumi , Yu Hao , Xu Bo , Yu Jianhua , Xia Fen
Published: June 2021

SIRT2, an NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, has been shown to play a pivotal role in various physiological processes, however, its role in cancer is currently controversial. In recent years, SIRT2 has been described as both a tumor suppressor and oncogene with divergent expression and function in various malignancies. Using murine allograft melanoma models, our results suggest increased systemic expression of SIRT2 promotes tumor progression. In this study, SIRT2-overexpressing mice exhibited enhanced tumor growth and larger tumor volumes compared to their wild-type littermates. Mechanistically, systemic overexpression of SIRT2 reduces the number of tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells and suppresses NK cell function and proliferation within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, despite the enhancing effect of NK cell depletion on tumor volume and growth rate in wild-type littermate mice, this effect was diminished in SIRT2-overexpressing mice. Lastly, pharmacological inhibition of SIRT2 increases NK cell tumor infiltration and suppresses allograft melanoma tumor growth. The findings of this study identify a dynamic functional interaction between systemic SIRT2 and NK cell activity, which controls melanoma tumor progression. Given the recent renewed interest in NK-cell-mediated immunotherapy response, SIRT2 could present a new opportunity to mediate immunotherapy response and resistance.
A metabolomic study of Gomphrena agrestis in Brazilian Cerrado suggests drought-adaptive strategies on metabolism
Authors: Melo Geraldo Aclécio , Abreu Ilka Nacif , de Oliveira Maíra Baista , Budzinski Ilara Gabriela Frasson , Silva Lucinélia Vieira , Pimenta Marcio Antônio Silva , Moritz Thomas
Published: June 2021

Drought is the main factor that limits the distribution and productivity of plant species. In the Brazilian Cerrado, the vegetation is adapted to a seasonal climate with long- and short-term periods of drought. To analyze the metabolic strategies under such conditions, a metabolomic approach was used to characterize Gomphrena agrestis Mart. (Amaranthaceae) a native species that grows under natural conditions, in a rock-field area. Roots and leaves material from native specimens were sampled along different seasons of the year and LC–MS and GC–MS analyzed for multiple chemical constituents. The datasets derived from the different measurements were combined and evaluated using multivariate analysis. Principal component analysis was used to obtain an overview of the samples and identify outliers. Later, the data was analyzed with orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis to obtain valid models that could explain the metabolite variations in the different seasons. Two hundred and eighty metabolites were annotated, generating a unique database to characterize metabolic strategies used to cope with the effects of drought. The accumulation of fructans in the thickened roots is consistent with the storage of carbons during the rainy season to support the energy demand during a long period of drought. The accumulation of Abscisic acid, sugars and sugar alcohols, phenolics, and pigment in the leaves suggests physiological adaptations. To cope with long-term drought, the data suggests that tissue water status and storage of reserves are important to support plant survival and regrowth. However, during short-term drought, osmoregulation and oxidative protection seems to be essential, probably to support the maintenance of active photosynthesis.
A first-principles understanding of the CO-assisted NO reduction on the IrRu/Al2O3catalyst under O2-rich conditions
Authors: Arshad Malik Waqar , Kim Dong Hun , You Young-Woo , Kim Soo Min , Heo Iljeong , Kim Seok Ki
Published: June 2021

The IrRu alloy offered optimal energetics for NO reduction by CO. The ensemble effect plays a key role in promoting the reactivity of the IrRu alloy. Making the IrRu surface alloy is better for CO-SCR than forming an alloy over the bulk structure.
Emerging investigator series: a holistic approach to multicomponent EXAFS: Sr and Cs complexation in clayey soils
Authors: Bots Pieter , Comarmond M. Josick , Payne Timothy E. , Gückel Katharina , Lunn Rebecca J. , Rizzo Luca , Schellenger Alexandra E. P. , Renshaw Joanna C.
Published: June 2021

Strontium and caesium are fission products of concern at many nuclear legacy sites. In this study we used a novel approach to EXAFS spectra to determine the details of Cs and Sr surface complexation in clayey soils.
Spirocyclic derivatives as antioxidants: a review
Authors: Acosta-Quiroga Karen , Rojas-Peña Cristian , Nerio Luz Stella , Gutiérrez Margarita , Polo-Cuadrado Efraín
Published: June 2021

This article provides an overview of the synthesis and various antioxidant activities found in naturally occurring and synthetic spiro compounds.
Study of charge transfer mechanism and dielectric relaxation of all-inorganic perovskite CsSnCl3
Authors: Ben Bechir Mohamed , Dhaou Mohamed Houcine
Published: June 2021

The conduction mechanism in CsSnCl3 is interpreted through the following two approaches: the non-overlapping small polaron tunneling (NSPT) model (monoclinic phase) and the overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) model (cubic phase).
Lewis acid Ni/Al-MCM-41 catalysts for H2-free deoxygenation of Reutealis trisperma oil to biofuels
Authors: Nugraha Reva Edra , Prasetyoko Didik , Bahruji Hasliza , Suprapto Suprapto , Asikin-Mijan Nurul , Oetami Titie Prapti , Jalil Aishah Abdul , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin
Published: June 2021

The activity of mesoporous Al-MCM-41 for deoxygenation of Reutealis trisperma oil (RTO) was enhanced via modification with NiO nanoparticles.
Highly phosphorescent platinum(ii) complexes supported by (2-(1H-benzimidazole)-phenyl)diphosphine oxide ancillary ligands
Authors: Zhang Han , Wang Weigao , Liu Chunmei , Peng Zhengchun , Du Chenxia , Zhang Bin
Published: June 2021

Novel cycloplatinated(ii) complexes show efficient phosphorescence with quantum yields of up to 64.2% in the solid state at 298 K. A high EQEmax of 21.1% has been achieved based on ppy–Pt–L3 as a dopant in a thermal evaporation-processed OLED.
An Overview of International Capital Flows and Its Impact on Chinese Financial Market
Authors: Yi Yunxin
Published: June 2021

With the acceleration of economic globalization and financial market integration, there has been a gradual increase in the amount of international capital and considerable global movement of capital flow. Due to its inherent uncertainty, immense capital flows, and complex structure, international capital flows have an enormous impact on international trade, finance flowing, and economic development for countries all over the world. This paper aims to provide a full overview of international capital flow, focusing on the internal fluctuation patterns and developing trends in the near future. Through the qualitative analysis of China’s capital flows, this paper also summarizes its major characteristics and multiple effects caused by international capital flows.
Marketing promotion strategy of liquid foundation products based on university market -Taking CHCEDO as an example
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Xinze
Published: June 2021

This article takes CHCEDO as an example to analyze the marketing promotion strategy of the foundation liquid products. From the two perspectives of industry background and market demand, we explore the marketing promotion strategy of the foundation liquid products in Colleges and universities. Finally, we summarize the academic marketing theory model of the liquid foundation products, and provide suggestions for developing the online and offline marketing of the powder liquid industry enterprises in Colleges and universities.
The Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Financing: A Perspective of the Private Bank
Authors: Wu Binghui , Wang Ting
Published: June 2021

The small and medium-sized enterprises provide much economic dynamism for macroeconomic development in China. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises have to face financing difficulties due to external factors and internal factors, such as the willingness of financial institutions to lend and the low credit of small and medium-sized enterprises. The establishment of private banks plays a very important role in alleviating the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises and eliminating financial suppression. This paper takes the listed small and medium-sized enterprises as samples to study the impact of the development of private banks on the small and medium-sized enterprises financing. The conclusions show that the development of private banks can alleviate the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises.
An Evolutionary Game Analysis on the Ecological Poverty Alleviation Industry
Authors: Peng Haoyue , Xing Yao
Published: June 2021

Ecological poverty alleviation is a new idea that combines environmental protection and poverty alleviation, and the ecological industry poverty alleviation is an important part of it. The ecological poverty alleviation industry involves multiple bodies. Since different bodies have different strategic choices, there is a complex game relationship between them. From the perspective of evolutionary game, this article explores the game situation between local government and enterprises in the ecological poverty alleviation industry, and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations based on the results of game analysis.
Research on the Relationship between Marketing Strategy and Brand Development of Apparel Companies Based on Data Mining Technology
Authors: Sun Yinan
Published: June 2021

The apparel industry is an important part of China’s economy and an important industry that drives the continuous improvement of national living standards. As the size of China’s internal market continues to expand, competition in the apparel industry has become increasingly fierce, making the development of apparel companies face huge challenges. For apparel companies, establishing a brand style that is unique and effective in attracting consumers, along with a sound brand marketing strategy, is a must for apparel companies to survive. This paper takes Company X, which is engaged in the apparel industry, as an example, and firstly analyses Company X’s brand marketing, then introduces data mining technology to analyse the relationship between Company X’s marketing strategy and brand development in view of the shortcomings of Company X’s brand marketing, and finally proposes a corresponding brand marketing strategy in order to provide a reference for the formulation of Company X’s brand marketing plan and promote the development of the apparel industry.
Correlation Analysis of Differences in Urbanization, Supply chain and Unbalanced Development of Commerce and Circulation Industry
Authors: Zhang Yan
Published: June 2021

Productivity provides the basis for the development of commerce and trade circulation by innovating the mode of production and improving the efficiency, and urbanization strengthens the influence on the development of commerce and trade circulation by improving the infrastructure. Based on the panel data of 30 regions in China from 2008 to 2018, this paper constructs a panel data model to explore the impact of urbanization difference and supply chain on the unbalanced development of trade circulation industry, will cause the trade circulation industry development level difference to enlarge 0.104 percentage point, the supply chain difference to enhance 1 unit, will cause the trade circulation industry development level difference to enlarge 0.224 percentage point. The economic development level, the level of consumption, the level of import and export trade can effectively reduce the uneven development of China’s trade circulation industry.
Research on The Influence of Enterprise Control Right Allocation on The Effectiveness of Internal Control-Based on The Regulatory Role of Institutional Environment
Authors: Xia Bin , Dong Kaili
Published: June 2021

In order to examine the influence degree of the enterprise control configuration of the internal control construction, this paper takes 2013-2018 a-share companies of Shanghai and Shenzhen two city as the research sample, using the methods of regression analysis method, from the three shareholders, the board of directors and managers control configuration level, to study the influence degree of the effectiveness of internal control, then to test system with regional marketization environment on the influence of the adjustment. The results show that the most effective allocation mode of internal control is as follows: at the shareholder level, the allocation mode is characterized by high equity balance and state-owned shares; at the level of the board of directors, it is manifested as the holding level of the high board of directors. At the level of managers, it shows the level of high managers’ shareholding. This study has a good reference to improve the governance of listed companies.
Research on the impact of informal environmental regulation on investment of environmental pollution-Based on the perspective of public supervision
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Sun Chenghao
Published: June 2021

Based on provincial data from 2010 to 2015, this paper uses regression model to analyze the impact of informal environmental regulation on investment of environmental pollution. The regression result shows that informal environmental regulation can significantly promote environmental investment of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the mechanism of citizens’ environmental participation and strengthen environmental relative investment, ultimately promoting high-quality development.
Study on Carbon Sequestration Benefit of Converting Farmland to Forest in Yan’an
Authors: Zhou M.C , Han H.Z , Yang X.J , Chen C
Published: June 2021

This paper takes Yan’anas the study area, analyses the current situation of the policy, calculates the carbon sequestration value by using the afforestation area and woodland area in Yanan in 2019, and explores its carbon emission trading potential. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the amount of carbon sequestration increased by 203575.5 t due to the afforestation in 2019 in Yan’an. The green economy income of Yan’an can be increased by 5.8528 million RMB, because of it. The carbon sequestration value of total woodland is 120 million RMB, which can increase the forestry output value of Yan’an by 19.32%. (2) The new carbon sequestration benefit of northern area is higher than that of southern area in Yan’an; the highest carbon sequestration benefit of returning farmland to forest isWuqi County’s 35307.29t, and its value is 1.015 million RMB, it can be increased by 0.15% of the green economy income. (3) The industrial counties Huangling County and Huanglong County, the industrial counties Luochuan County and Yichuan County carry out carbon trading respectively, under the condition of ensuring the output value of the secondary industry in the industrial county, it can increase the green economy income of the total output value of Huanglong County and Yichuan County by 0.73% respectively.
Research on Assessment Index System for Low-carbon Development
Authors: Niu Chengzhi , Zhu Yougan
Published: June 2021

Due to the severe situation of global climate change and depletion of energy resources, low-carbon development has become an inevitable choice for global climate change and maintaining sustainable economic and social development. In order to promote low-carbon development, we should scientifically evaluate the low-carbon development status of a country, economy or region. At present, the research on low-carbon evaluation indicators is still in the exploratory stage. There are not many low-carbon indicators that are really used in practice, and there is currently no recognized and authoritative low-carbon evaluation indicator system. Based on this, this article attempts to use the analytic hierarchy process to further study the low-carbon development indicator system, to establish a scientific and objective system of low-carbon development indicators, and use such an indicator system to guide and promote low-carbon development.
Feasibility study and strategy analysis of low-carbon operation of large-scale sports events under the green development model: an example of building a “racing city” in Wuhan
Authors: Ke Yi
Published: June 2021

China emphasizes the need to establish a new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and to promote green and low-carbon transformation. Hubei Province is also accelerating the promotion of green and low-carbon development and continuously improving its sustainable development capacity. Wuhan, as the capital of Hubei province, is the city of car-making and the future city of racing. This paper mainly uses the literature method and fieldwork method to conduct the study and the author believes that under the green development model, through the low-carbon event operation means, the large-scale auto event will become a unique auto event brand IP, which will help expand the influence of the city, promote the low-carbon development of auto industry and sports industry, and lead the public to actively embrace the low-carbon and green lifestyle.
Design of the Reverse Logistics Network of New Energy Vehicle Waste Power Batteries
Authors: He Longyu
Published: June 2021

While making an optimistic estimate of the development prospects of new energy vehicles, this article pays attention to the problem of waste power batteries for new energy vehicles. Based on the theory of circular economy, waste batteries reverse logistics location factors and site selection methods, we propose waste power batteries In the design of the reverse logistics network, based on the recycling path of the used power battery reverse logistics network, two recycling modes of the used power battery reverse logistics network are proposed. Based on the location method and recycling mode, a reverse logistics network for the used power battery of new energy vehicles can be constructed.
An Empirical Study on Improving Residents Satisfaction of Basic Medical Insurance by Energy Saving and Efficiency Increasing
Authors: Zhang Ruihong
Published: June 2021

In the new era, energy-saving and efficiency-increasing become the key to improve the satisfaction of residents’ health insurance and strengthen the function of social security. With the implementation of China’s resident medical insurance system, the problem of “difficult and expensive to see a doctor” has been alleviated to a certain extent, but the problems of management, supervision and management, which affect the sustainable and efficient operation of basic medical insurance, are still prominent, based on the microsurvey data, the evaluation index system of satisfaction degree of basic medical insurance is constructed, and the performance of residents’ medical insurance is comprehensively evaluated by multiple linear regression method.
Exploring the Traditional Farming Culture and Improving the Local Cultural Confidence: Solving the Problem of Rural Tourism Homogenization
Authors: Yan Weina
Published: June 2021

Since the rise of rural tourism in China in the 1980s, the natural conditions have mainly been relied on to develop such tourism projects as flower appreciation, fruit picking, fishing, and farm foods focusing on agricultural sightseeing and experiencing the rural life, which has long ignored the cultural attributes of rural tourism, resulting in the serious homogenization of rural tourism. The author believes that exploring traditional farming culture and improving local cultural self-confidence are the effective ways to solve the problem of rural tourism homogenization, to achieve the general requirements of agricultural and rural development in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on ‘industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization and affluent life’, and to promote rural revitalization.
The Impact of University Efficiency and Financial Development on Technology Transfer from the Perspective of Economic Innovation
Authors: Liu Jinlin , Liu Jiaqing
Published: June 2021

Based on the provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2018, this paper uses the system GMM estimation method to examine the impact of university efficiency and financial development on technology transfer from the perspective of economic innovation, and validates the hypotheses of theoretical analysis. The research results show that university efficiency may promote technology agglomeration, but significantly inhibit technology transfer, which is not conducive to directly promoting economic innovation; while financial development significantly promotes technology transfer, which is conducive to promoting economic innovation. Finally, based on the above conclusions, in order to better promote economic innovation and technology transfer, and promote the sustainable development of the national innovation system, this article puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.
DuPont analysis was used to evaluate the operation of non-profit medical institutions in Chongqing
Authors: Guo Tian , Liu Weiwei
Published: June 2021

It has been nearly eleven years since the reform of China’s medical and health system entered the final sprint stage in early 2008. During this period, great changes have taken place in China’s medical system, which has had a huge impact on the operation of public hospitals in China. This paper analyzes the key financial indicators of public hospitals in Chongqing from 2007 to 2017, including revenue and expenditure situation and structure, assets and liabilities situation and structure, finds out the problems in operation and puts forward suggestions. The key financial indicators of public hospitals in Chongqing were analyzed and evaluated by trend analysis, ratio analysis and DuPont analysis. The total revenue and expenditure of public hospitals in Chongqing increases with GDP year by year, the structure of revenue and expenditure has changed greatly, the debt level is reasonable, and the operating capacity is at a low level. The balance of drug revenue and expenditure in public hospitals is unbalanced, so it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of drug price adjustment plan; Public hospitals should strengthen the cost control, especially the cost control of drug expenditure, in order to meet the requirements of national policies and improve their own operating capacity.
Hyperspectral Image Database Query Based on Big Data Analysis Technology
Authors: Qi Beixun
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we extract spectral image features from a hyperspectral image database, and use big data technology to classify spectra hierarchically, to achieve the purpose of efficient database matching. In this paper, the LDMGI (local discriminant models and global integration) algorithm and big data branch definition algorithm are used to classify the features of the hyperspectral image and save the extracted feature data. Hierarchical color similarity is used to match the spectrum. By clustering colors, spectral information can be stored as chain nodes in the database, which can improve the efficiency of hyperspectral image database queries. The experimental results show that the hyperspectral images of color hyperspectral images are highly consistent and indistinguishable, and need to be processed by the machine learning algorithm. Different pretreatment methods have little influence on the identification accuracy of the LDMGI model, and the combined pretreatment has better identification accuracy. The average classification accuracy of the LDMGI model training set is 95.62%, the average classification accuracy of cross-validation is 94.36%, and the average classification accuracy of the test set is 89.62%. Therefore, using big data analysis technology to process spectral features in hyperspectral image databases can improve query efficiency and more accurate query results.
Research on franchised store chain operation based on evolutionary game theory
Authors: Deng Siyuan
Published: June 2021

Franchised store chain is the most popular business model today. The franchisor and the franchisees share the same brand, but the value of the entire brand will be degraded once one side pursues self-interests in brand management. From the perspective of franchised store chain, this paper develops an evolutionary game model between franchisor and franchisees under the assumption of bounded rationality. The strategic selection of franchisor and franchisees includes cooperation and no-cooperation. In the end, the corresponding policy recommendations are proposed in the foundation of case analysis.
Project cost Management Strategy based on Big Data and BIM
Authors: Wu Ping
Published: June 2021

With the development of socialist market economy, the current project cost management system in China has gradually exposed some disadvantages, which affect the normal operation and development of construction enterprises to a certain extent. This paper analyzes the research status of PCM, discusses the characteristics of BD technology, the concept of BIMT and the concept of PCM, and finds the method of mutual information feature selection. The results show that in 2020, the output value of construction projects in China is the largest, with 5.54 billion yuan in the first quarter, 5.83 billion yuan in the second quarter, and 6.77 billion yuan in the third quarter. Due to the large number of participants, long construction period and large amount of information in the construction process, these greatly increase the difficulty of PM, but also increase the difficulty of PCM, making some cost problems easier to appear.
Optimized Model of Experimental Teaching Plan Based on Improved by Clear Theory
Authors: Xia Xinfeng , Lv Weiwei
Published: June 2021

With the continuous advancement of the “Double First-Class” university plan, the status and role of experimental teaching in university teaching has become increasingly prominent. Chosen as one of the “Double First-Class” universities, Beijing Institute of Technology has also carried out a series of experimental teaching reforms, and has produced different reform plans in the laboratory of “Geometrical Accuracy Specifications”, School of Mechanical Engineering. In order to optimize different schemes, the experimental teaching center innovatively proposes an optimized model improved by clear theory. This is a decisionmaking method based on triangular fuzzy number and clear theory. Utilizing the fuzzy theory and clear theory, the advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives can be ranked more accurately, the influence of subjective and objective factors in the process of selecting the alternatives can be reduced, and new methods can be provided for decision makers to choose the best alternative.
Research on Cross-Cultural Adaptation Intervention with Big Data Analytics
Authors: Ni Hui-Jun , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2021

With China’s reform and opening up and the development of the One Belt and One Road, a series of cross-cultural adaptation problems such as language barriers and differences in customs and habits prevent international employees from obtaining timely and effective instrumental and expressive support. This article developed the three dimensions of academic adaptation, social culture and life adaptation and psychological adaptation and founded the current international employees generally had difficulties in cross-cultural adaptation. The result provided a helpful guideline to a cross-cultural adaptation.
Teaching Methods of Computer Education under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Nan Xiang
Published: June 2021

With the advancement of society and the increase of computer, network and digital media technology, big data technology has become an indispensable part of modern service industry. Big data technology has been developed in all aspects of the education industry, and the value of products and services created has gradually increased. Big data plays an important role in technology in computer education and other aspects. This article mainly introduces the teaching method research of computer education under the background of big data. This article uses the research of the teaching method of computer education under the background of big data, starting from the two aspects of computer education and basic courses, rationally analyzing the feasibility of the teaching method of computer education. From the labor market in our country, the demand for computer talents is concentrated on application-oriented talents, but the purpose of computer education in many schools mostly stays in traditional research-based teaching, resulting in a decline in the quality of education, and it is difficult to meet the market’s demand for computer application-oriented talents. It is the main body that determines the course content and teaching mode. The experimental results of this paper show that the research on the teaching methods of computer education under the background of big data has increased the efficiency of computer education by 18%. The limitations of the research on the teaching methods of computer education under the background of big data are analyzed, and the methods and ways of computer ability training are analyzed. Discuss and summarize, so as to enrich the academic research results.
How does transportation hub status promote the urban economic development? — the mediating effect analysis of innovation
Authors: Zhang Baosheng
Published: June 2021

A good traffic hub position has important significance for the development of a city, but it also strengthens the polarization effect, diffusion effect and return effect of the regional central cities for other cities. Does the development of urban hub economy strengthen or weaken these effects? Does hub effect also need other conditions to promote urban economic development? From the perspective of technological innovation, this paper analyses the mediating effect of technology absorption and innovation in the process of urban transportation hub promoting economic development. It is found that the people flow effect in the hub effect can better promote the economic development of cities through the mediating role of knowledge absorptive and innovative ability. In the influence of logistics effect on urban economic development, the mediating role of knowledge absorptive and innovative ability is not significant.
Executive Equity Incentive, R&D Investment and Enterprise Performance-empirical research based on economic innovation
Authors: Wu Xiaoman , Zhang Dong , Liu Jun
Published: June 2021

With the vigorous implementation of China’s economic innovation and transformation and the deepening of market-oriented reform, “innovation driven” is an important national strategy to realize China’s economic transformation and upgrading and sustainable development. This paper takes the manufacturing listed enterprises in 2009-2019 as the research sample, and selects multiple regression and hierarchical regression analysis methods to study the data of the proportion of senior executives’ shareholding, the ratio of R&D expenditure to operating income and the rate of return on total assets. This paper discusses the relationship among executive equity incentive, R&D investment and enterprise performance. The empirical results show that: executive equity incentive has a significant positive effect on R&D investment. There is a significant positive correlation between the proportion of executives’ shareholding and the growth of corporate performance; R&D investment plays a partial mediating role between executive equity incentive and firm performance.
Research on ordering strategy of company D under supply disruption of COVID-19
Authors: Du Xinke
Published: June 2021

With deepening of economic globalization and prevalence of lean production, market competition has intensified and uncertain risk factors in the cross-supply-demand relationship have increased, thus the supply chain has become much more fragile. Force majeure risks such as natural disasters, epidemics, and traffic accidents further expand the scope and losses of supply disruption. In 2019 the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global supply chains and lead to many companies facing the risk of supply disruptions. Based on the comprehensive analysis of relevant research status, this paper investigates the current situation and existing procurement problems of company D under the risk of supply interruption in the COVID-19 pandemic, and analyzes the procurement strategy response in combination with the actual situation of company D. It combines newsvendor model and the capability option model to analyze the ordering decision of company D and enrich the research on the ordering strategy under supply disruption. The purpose of this paper is to provide company D with scientific procurement advice under supply disruption, and provide a reasonable reference for enterprises in the same industry.
Lymphödem: Anatomie, Physiologie und Pathophysiologie
Authors: Brenke Rainer
Published: June 2021

Die Ursachen für Ödeme sind vielfältig. Bei deren Entstehung spielt das Lymphgefäßsystem eine entscheidende Rolle. Jedem Ödem liegt eine Überlastung des Lymphgefäßsystems zugrunde. Zur Behandlung wird die Manuelle Lymphdrainage als Massagetechnik geschätzt. Die noch relativ neue Massagetechnik wurde als Teil der „Komplexen Physikalischen Entstauungstherapie“ zur Behandlung des Lymphödems entwickelt. Jedoch sind nicht bei jedem Ödem Lymphdrainage und Kompression angezeigt, bei einigen sind sie sogar kontraindiziert. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zu den anatomischen Grundlagen und der Pathophysiologie des Lymphsystems, die die Basis für die Auswahl der Behandlungsoptionen bilden.
Developmental and sexual dimorphic atlas of the prenatal mouse external genitalia at the single-cell level
Authors: Amato Ciro Maurizio , Yao Humphrey Hung-Chang
Published: June 2021

Birth defects of the external genitalia are among the most common in the world. Proper formation of the external genitalia requires a highly orchestrated process that involves special cell populations and sexually dimorphic hormone signaling. It is clear what the end result of the sexually dimorphic development is (a penis in the male versus clitoris in the female); however, the cell populations involved in the process remain poorly defined. Here, we used single-cell messenger RNA sequencing in mouse embryos to uncover the dynamic changes in cell populations in the external genitalia during the critical morphogenetic window. We found that overall, male and female external genitalia are largely composed of the same core cellular components. At the bipotential stage of development (embryonic day or E14.5), few differences in cell populational composition exist between male and female. Although similar in cell population composition, genetic differences in key sexual differentiation developmental pathways arise between males and females by the early (E16.5) and late (E18.5) differentiation stages. These differences include discrete cell populations with distinct responsiveness to androgen and estrogen. By late sexual differentiation (E18.5), unique cell populations in both male and female genitalia become apparent and are enriched with androgen- and estrogen-responsive genes, respectively. These data provide insights into the morphogenesis of the external genitalia that could be used to understand diseases associated with defects in the external genitalia.
The Diet‐microbiota‐mucus Layer Axis as a Mediator of Intestinal Health and Disease
Authors: Martens Eric
Published: June 2021

Despite the accepted health benefits of consuming dietary fiber, little is known about the precise mechanisms by which fiber levels impact the gut microbiota and alters disease risk or how the precise chemistry of fiber polysaccharides interfaces with the hundreds of gut microbiota species. Using gnotobiotic mouse models, functional genomics, biochemical and genetic studies we have explored these interactions in mechanistic depth. In recent studies in which animals were colonized with a synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced commensal bacteria, we have elucidated the functional interactions between dietary fiber, the gut microbiota and the colonic mucus barrier, which serves as a primary defense against enteric pathogens. During chronic or intermittent dietary fiber deficiency, the gut microbiota resorts to host‐secreted mucus glycoproteins as a nutrient source, leading to erosion of the colonic mucus barrier. Dietary fiber deprivation, together with a fiber‐deprived, mucus‐eroding microbiota, promotes greater epithelial access and lethal colitis by the mucosal pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium, or inflammatory disease in the absence of pathogen in IL‐10‐deficient mice. Our work has begun to unravel the intricate pathways linking diet, the gut microbiome and intestinal barrier dysfunction, which could be exploited to improve health using dietary fiber or prebiotic therapeutics. As such, it is anticipated that our research will provide direct paths to future dietary intervention studies in humans, which are built on a firm foundation of functional and mechanistic knowledge of fiber‐microbiota interactions gathered in tractable model systems.

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
Context‐dependent and Disease‐specific Diversity in Stress Granules Formed from Pre‐existing Protein Interactions
Authors: Markmiller Sebastian , Soltanieh Sahar , Server Kari L. , Mak Raymond , Jin Wenhao , Fang Mark Y. , Luo En‐Ching , Yeo Gene W. , Krach Florian , Yang Dejun , Sen Anindya , Fulzele Amit , Wozniak Jacob M. , Gonzalez David J. , Kankel Mark W. , Gao Fen‐Biao , Bennett Eric J. , Lécuyer Eric
Published: June 2021

Stress granules (SGs) are transient ribonucleoprotein (RNP) aggregates that form during cellular stress and are increasingly implicated in human neurodegeneration. To study the proteome and compositional diversity of SGs in different cell types and in the context of neurodegeneration‐linked mutations, we used APEX proximity labeling, mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence to identify ~150 previously unknown human SG components. SG proteins form a dense interaction network in unstressed cells, facilitating rapid coalescence into larger SGs. About 20% of SG diversity is stress‐ or cell type‐dependent, with neuronal SGs displaying a particularly complex repertoire of proteins enriched in chaperones and autophagy factors. Strengthening the link between SGs and neurodegeneration, we demonstrate aberrant dynamics, composition and subcellular distribution of SGs in cells from ALS patients. Using three Drosophila ALS/FTD models, we identify ~30 SG‐associated modifiers of neurotoxicity in vivo. Altogether, our results highlight SG proteins as central to understanding and ultimately targeting neurodegeneration.

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
The muscle‐specific ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 regulates autophagy via FOXO1/3 ubiquitination to inhibit NF‐κB signaling and protect against cardiac inflammation in vivo
Authors: Parry Traci L. , Schisler Jonathan C. , Mwiza Jean Marie , Durand Joel K. , Baldwin Albert S. , Willis Monte S.
Published: June 2021

The muscle‐specific ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 (muscle ring finger‐1) has recently been shown to regulate signal transduction by modulating transcription factor activity through ubiquitin‐mediated post‐translational modification. Therefore, we investigated the ability of MuRF1 to regulate autophagy. MuRF1−/− hearts exhibited decreased autophagic flux (decrease in LC3II and VPS34 protein levels), while MuRF1Tg+ hearts exhibited increased autophagic flux (increase in last phase autophagosomes and VPS34 protein levels). Interestingly, the FOXO1/3a transcription factors, known supporters of autophagy, correlated with MuRF1 expression. MuRF1−/− hearts expressed significantly less of the FOXO‐regulated P62, while MuRF1Tg+ expressed significantly more P62 by immunoblot analysis. Since P62 supports NF‐κB signaling by IKKβ phosphorylation, MuRF1−/− and MuRF1Tg+ mice were challenged with LPS to determine resistance to endotoxin‐induced cardiac dysfunction to identify the role of MuRF1‐P62 in inhibiting cardiac NF‐κB signaling. MuRF1−/− mice were significantly protected against LPS‐induced systolic dysfunction, while MuRF1 Tg+ mice were more susceptible to LPS‐induced heart failure. NF‐κB activity was significantly inhibited in MuRF1−/− mice at the level of the IKK complex, consistent with decreased FOXO‐regulated P62 to reduce downstream NF‐κB signaling. These studies identify the first ubiquitin ligase to regulate autophagy in the heart and describe novel therapeutic targets that could be used to block myocyte‐specific inflammation

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
AMPK: guardian of metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis
Authors: Shaw Reuben J.
Published: June 2021

Cells constantly adapt their metabolism to meet their energy needs and respond to nutrient availability. Eukaryotes have evolved a very sophisticated system to sense low cellular ATP levels via the serine/threonine kinase AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) complex. Under conditions of low energy, AMPK phosphorylates specific enzymes and growth control nodes to increase ATP generation and decrease ATP consumption. In the past decade, the discovery of numerous new AMPK substrates has led to a more complete understanding of the minimal number of steps required to reprogramme cellular metabolism from anabolism to catabolism. This energy switch controls cell growth and several other cellular processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism and autophagy. Recent studies have revealed that one ancestral function of AMPK is to promote mitochondrial health, and multiple newly discovered targets of AMPK are involved in various aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis, including mitophagy. This Review discusses how AMPK functions as a central mediator of the cellular response to energetic stress and mitochondrial insults and coordinates multiple features of autophagy and mitochondrial biology.

Support or Funding Information

Reuben J. Shaw holds the William R. Brody Chair. The work from the authors' laboratory described in this Review was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R01DK080425, R01CA172229, P01CA120964, P30CA014195) and The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (grant #2012_PGMED002).

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
How telomeres solve the chromosome end‐protection problem
Authors: de Lange Titia
Published: June 2021

Chromosome ends can activate the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathways and become substrates for Double‐strand Break (DSB) repair. Telomeres solve this end‐protection problem by repressing all forms of DDR signaling and DSB repair. The telomeric DNA, maintained by telomerase, binds a six‐subunit protein complex, termed shelterin, that protects chromosome ends. Shelterin binds to the double‐stranded (ds) telomeric DNA through two subunits, TRF1 and TRF2. These proteins recruit a single‐stranded (ss) telomeric DNA binding factor, POT1, which binds to the ss telomeric repeats present at all chromosome ends. POT1 is linked to TRF1 and TRF2 via interactions involving TPP1 and TIN2. A sixth component, Rap1, interacts with TRF2. Conditional knockout experiments in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) have revealed the mechanism by which this simple protein complex prevents activation of the ATM and ATR DNA damage signaling pathways, represses 5′ end resection, and prevents non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology directed repair (HDR) at telomeres. Shelterin is compartmentalized such that TRF2 represses ATM signaling and NHEJ, whereas ATR signaling is repressed by POT1. The mechanism by which TRF2 represses ATM signaling and NHEJ involves the remodeling of telomeres into the t‐loop structure, which essentially hides the chromosome end. POT1 represses ATR signaling by preventing the ssDNA sensor in the ATR pathway, RPA, from binding to telomeres. Progress on the mechanistic aspects of shelterin mediated chromosome end protection will be presented.

Support or Funding Information

Dr. de Lange is funded by awards from the NIH, American Cancer Society, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, and the STARR Cancer Consortium

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
Reading epigenetic marks
Authors: Kutateladze Tatiana G.
Published: June 2021

Plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers, YEATS, Tudor, CW and bromodomains are found in proteins involved in a wide array of fundamental biological processes, including transcription, replication, DNA damage repair, cell differentiation and survival. These domains comprise a large family of epigenetic readers, capable of recognizing PTMs (posttranslational modifications) in histones. Here, I will detail the binding mechanisms and biological functions of the readers that select for methylated, acetylated, and unmodified histone H3 tails. I will compare specificities and discuss the significance of crosstalk between PTMs and the consequence of combinatorial readout for the recruitment of these readers to chromatin.

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.