bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Driving Human Motor Cortical Oscillations Leads to Behaviorally Relevant Changes in Local GABAAInhibition: A tACS-TMS Study
Authors: Nowak Magdalena , Hinson Emily , van Ede Freek , Pogosyan Alek , Guerra Andrea , Quinn Andrew , Brown Peter , Stagg Charlotte J.
Published: March 2017

Beta and gamma oscillations are the dominant oscillatory activity in the human motor cortex (M1). However, their physiological basis and precise functional significance remain poorly understood. Here, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to examine the physiological basis and behavioral relevance of driving beta and gamma oscillatory activity in the human M1 using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). tACS was applied using a sham-controlled crossover design at individualized intensity for 20 min and TMS was performed at rest (before, during, and after tACS) and during movement preparation (before and after tACS). We demonstrated that driving gamma frequency oscillations using tACS led to a significant, duration-dependent decrease in local resting-state GABAAinhibition, as quantified by short interval intracortical inhibition. The magnitude of this effect was positively correlated with the magnitude of GABAAdecrease during movement preparation, when gamma activity in motor circuitry is known to increase. In addition, gamma tACS-induced change in GABAAinhibition was closely related to performance in a motor learning task such that subjects who demonstrated a greater increase in GABAAinhibition also showed faster short-term learning. The findings presented here contribute to our understanding of the neurophysiological basis of motor rhythms and suggest that tACS may have similar physiological effects to endogenously driven local oscillatory activity. Moreover, the ability to modulate local interneuronal circuits by tACS in a behaviorally relevant manner provides a basis for tACS as a putative therapeutic intervention.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGamma oscillations have a vital role in motor control. Using a combined tACS-TMS approach, we demonstrate that driving gamma frequency oscillations modulates GABAAinhibition in the human motor cortex. Moreover, there is a clear relationship between the change in magnitude of GABAAinhibition induced by tACS and the magnitude of GABAAinhibition observed during task-related synchronization of oscillations in inhibitory interneuronal circuits, supporting the hypothesis that tACS engages endogenous oscillatory circuits. We also show that an individual's physiological response to tACS is closely related to their ability to learn a motor task. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neurophysiological basis of motor rhythms and their behavioral relevance and offer the possibility of developing tACS as a therapeutic tool.
Hypophysectomy abolishes rhythms in rat thyroid hormones but not in the thyroid clock
Authors: Fahrenkrug J , Georg B , Hannibal J , Jørgensen H L
Published: March 2017

The endocrine body rhythms including the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis seem to be regulated by the circadian timing system, and daily rhythmicity of circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is well established. The circadian rhythms are generated by endogenous clocks in the central brain oscillator located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as well as multiple peripheral clocks, but information on the existence and function of a thyroid clock is limited. The molecular machinery in all clock cells is composed of a number of clock genes and their gene products are connected by autoregulatory feedback loops. Here, we provide evidence for a thyroid clock in the rat by demonstrating 24-h antiphase oscillations for the mRNA of the canonical clock genes Per1 and Bmal1, which was unaffected by hypophysectomy. By immunostaining, we supported the existence of a core oscillator in the individual thyroid cells by demonstrating a daily cytoplasmatic–nuclear shuttling of PER1 protein. In normal rats, we found a significant daily rhythmicity in the circulating thyroid hormones preceded by a peak in TSH. In hypophysectomised rats, although the thyroid clock was not affected, the oscillations in circulating thyroid hormones were abolished and the levels were markedly lowered. No daily oscillations in the expression of TSH receptor mRNA were observed in neither control rats nor hypophysectomised rats. Our findings indicate that the daily rhythm of thyroid hormone secretion is governed by SCN signalling via the rhythmic TSH secretion rather than by the local thyroid clock, which was still ticking after hypophysectomy.
Mestres do domínio dos outros: narrativa e estilo em Seinfeld
Authors: Pelegrini Christian Hugo
Published: March 2017

O artigo analisa a série Seinfeld e sua ruptura com as convenções de gênero historicamente construídas na TV americana. Para tal, nossa análise observa duas dimensões da estética do programa: a narrativa e a estilística. Do ponto de vista da estética narrativa, indicamos a ruptura com o modelo dramático orientado a um objetivo (ou o “modelo aristotélico”, hegemônico na TV do período). Do ponto de vista estilístico, consideramos o quanto a crescente adoção de práticas de produção pouco comuns levou à constituição de um sitcom híbrido entre o multicâmera e os programas de câmera única.
Etnologia aplicada e indigenismo no México: a trajetória de Salomon Nahmad vista do Brasil
Authors: Aires Max Maranhão Piorsky
Published: March 2017

Este artigo analisa a antropologia aplicada no México a partir da trajetória profissional do antropólogo Salomón Nahmad, com a finalidade de explorar a confluência entre texto etnográfico, narrativa autobiográfica, contexto políticoideológico e a formulação de teorias e conceitos antropológicos como resposta a problemas práticos. O objetivo é compreender este estilo de antropologia, suas variações ao longo da carreira do antropólogo, e, em seguida, sob a perspectiva da antropologia praticada no Brasil, realizar alguns apontamentos sobre a relação entre antropologia e indigenismo.
Políticas públicas de saúde e indigenismo na América Latina
Authors: Silveira Nadia Heusi
Published: March 2017

Resenha de: LANGDON, Esther Jean; CARDOSO, Marina Denise (Org.). Saúde Indígena: políticas comparadas na América Latina. Florianópolis: Editora da UFSC, 2015. 310p
Geodinámica en relieves montañosos: estudio de la Reserva Biológica Alberto Manuel Brenes, San Ramón, Costa Rica
Authors: Quesada Quesada Marvin
Published: March 2017

Se analiza la formación geológica de la Reserva Biológica Alberto Manuel Brenes (ReBAMB), la cual se originó inicialmente por un vulcanismo explosivo caracterizado por la emanación de flujos lávicos piroclásticos. Existen rocas ígneas y sedimentarias, en su mayor parte terciarias, en tanto que los depósitos cuaternarios son producto de la erosión y meteorización de las rocas más antiguas. Las estructuras geológicas presentan formas distintivas, con fallas geológicas, así como formas caldéricas producto de la explosión o colapsos volcánicos. La topografía muestra condiciones litológicas caracterizadas principalmente por aparatos volcánicos con lavas, domos, calderas volcánicas, cráteres y formas de erosión diferencial. Similarmente, existen cuerpos intrusivos granitoides y rocas sedimentarias, localmente meteorizadas, así como lavas de posibles cuerpos subvolcánicos subordinadas en la secuencia estratigráfica. El valor de amenaza sísmica sugerido es del orden de 4.0 a 4.5 m/s2.
Las improntas del escritor en la crítica literaria centroamericana: nociones recurrentes de autoría
Authors: Villalobos Villalobos Carlos Manuel
Published: March 2017

En este trabajo se analizan algunas de las nociones de autoría más recurrentes en la crítica literaria centroamericana. Se parte de las nociones idealistas de finales del siglo XIX, tales como las esbozadas por Rubén Darío y Gómez Carrillo. Se estudia cómo evolucionan los requisitos de la condición estética hacia requerimientos más éticos. Estoocurre con el surgimiento del concepto del escritor comprometido y la exigencia, principalmente en el período de las sublevaciones bélicas, de que el autor debe escribir al servicio de una causa social. A finales del siglo XX e inicios del XXI, estos modelos entran en crisis y surge una nueva noción que tiene su origen en el marco del liberalismo y quebusca, como proyecto hegemónico, canonizar modelos de representación literaria a través del recurso del diccionario. La última parte del artículo explora cómo se materializa en la región esta tarea enciclopédica y cuáles son los códigos que utilizan las respectivas catalogaciones.
El Programa Orquestal en la Península de Nicoya Creación de un programa de educación musical, orientado hacia el desarrollo de las potencialidades de los niños y jóvenes de la Península de Nicoya, Puntarenas
Authors: Siliézar Ruiz Jorge Alberto
Published: March 2017

Este ensayo pretende describir brevemente los albores, el progreso y las expectativas del Programa Orquestal desarrollado en la Península de Nicoya, desde su fundación en el 2007 en la comunidad de Playa Pochote, con el financiamiento de capital extranjero, la transición a programa gubernamental, el impacto en las comunidades aledañas de Paquera y Cóbano, su eventual cambio de sede y transformación a Escuela de Música de Cóbano, el estado actual de la educación musical instrumental en estas comunidades y las perspectivas de desarrollo o recuperación de estos programas. Asimismo, se presentan estrategias metodológicas implementadas desde una visión socio re-construccionista, que busca promover el trabajo cooperativo y el compromiso comunitario como ejes fundamentales para el hecho educativo, se exponen algunos de los materiales didácticos utilizados en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje así como las estrategias que han permitido el buen desenvolvimiento de este proyecto de impacto social.
La auditoría de valores razonables: riesgos y desafíos para el auditor
Authors: Sosa Mora Eduardo
Published: March 2017

En las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) se ha venido transitando, desde hace tres décadas, del costo histórico hacia el valor razonable como principal modelo de medición contable, lo cual constituye un cambio paradigmático que permite representar las partidas de los estados financieros de acuerdo con los valores de mercado..En este artículo se exponen los principales riesgos y desafíos que enfrentan los auditores al examinar partidas de los estados financieros preparados sobre la base del valor razonable, lo mismo que las nuevas oportunidades para su desarrollo profesional que esto trae aparejado.
The physiotherapy management of patients undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Reeve Julie C. , Boden Ianthe
Published: March 2017

Abdominal surgery is performed to remove cancerous tissue, to resolve visceral tissue perforations or to remove inflammatory bowel segments, benign growths or vascular aneurysms. Postoperative complications, including pulmonary complications, are common following abdominal surgery and physiotherapy aims to prevent and treat many of these complications. Much of the literature investigating physiotherapy interventions is over a decade old and advances in surgery, including minimally invasive surgery and fast track pathways, require physiotherapists to re-evaluate their practices. This narrative review aims to examine the evidence investigating the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions and apply this to contemporary surgical practices. Recommendations for practice and research are outlined.
Editorial
Authors: De Gloria Alessandro
Published: March 2017

Before introducing the new IJSG issue, the first one of the fourth year, I am proud to announce also from these columns the sixth edition of the Gala Conference, that will be held in Lisbon, 5th to 7th December 2017 https://conf.seriousgamessociety.org/. The general chair is João Dias, of INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa.   It will be another great occasion to meet each other – old and new members of this ever-growing Serious Games Society community - learn personally from our research, and checking the market/industry trends. As in the previous edition, the conference will also host workshops, exhibitions and competitions.The present IJSG issue features five valuable papers, that bring new, significant insights in the field, providing different perspectivesThe present IJSG issue features five valuable papers, that bring new, significant insights in the field, providing different perspectives.
Sky View Factors from Synthetic Fisheye Photos for Thermal Comfort Routing—A Case Study in Phoenix, Arizona
Authors: Middel Ariane , Lukasczyk Jonas , Maciejewski Ross
Published: March 2017

The Sky View Factor (SVF) is a dimension-reduced representation of urban form and one of the major variables in radiation models that estimate outdoor thermal comfort. Common ways of retrieving SVFs in urban environments include capturing fisheye photographs or creating a digital 3D city or elevation model of the environment. Such techniques have previously been limited due to a lack of imagery or lack of full scale detailed models of urban areas. We developed a web based tool that automatically generates synthetic hemispherical fisheye views from Google Earth at arbitrary spatial resolution and calculates the corresponding SVFs through equiangular projection. SVF results were validated using Google Maps Street View and compared to results from other SVF calculation tools. We generated 5-meter resolution SVF maps for two neighborhoods in Phoenix, Arizona to illustrate fine-scale variations of intra-urban horizon limitations due to urban form and vegetation. To demonstrate the utility of our synthetic fisheye approach for heat stress applications, we automated a radiation model to generate outdoor thermal comfort maps for Arizona State University’s Tempe campus for a hot summer day using synthetic fisheye photos and on-site meteorological data. Model output was tested against mobile transect measurements of the six-directional radiant flux density. Based on the thermal comfort maps, we implemented a pedestrian routing algorithm that is optimized for distance and thermal comfort preferences. Our synthetic fisheye approach can help planners assess urban design and tree planting strategies to maximize thermal comfort outcomes and can support heat hazard mitigation in urban areas.
Comparison of bupivacaine with fentanyl and bupivacaine with butorphanol for brachial plexus block by axillary approach- a prospective, double blind, randomized study
Authors: Kapse Upendrakumar S. , Bhalerao Pradnya M.
Published: March 2017

Background: Brachial plexus block by axillary approach achieves good motor sensory and sympathetic blockade below elbow joint. Addition of opioid compounds to local anesthetics improves the block properties and reduces central opioid related side effects. We compared combination of local anaesthetic bupivacaine with fentanyl and butorphanol in axillary block for upper limb surgeries. Aims and objectives were to compare the block quality, duration of sensory and motor block, post-operative analgesia, safety and side effects in two groups.Methods: 60 patients posted for elective or emergency forearm and hand surgeries were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 each. group B (n=30) received 40ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with butorphanol (25mcg/kg) and group F (n=30) received 40ml of 0.25% bupicaine with fentanyl (1mcg/kg). Onset and duration of sensory block (pinprick) and motor block (Lovett’s rating scale), hemodynamic parameters, postoperative analgesia and side effects were noted in each group.Results: The mean time of onset of sensory block was earlier in group B (2.29±0.62 min) as compared to group F (7.53±2.24 min) in group B. The mean time of onset of motor block was also rapid in group B (4.13±0.78 minutes) than in group F (9.98±2.94 minutes). The mean duration of motor block was longer in group F (9.73±2.48) hours as compared to group B (7.15±2.20) hours in group A. Post-operatively at the end of 10 hours patients in group F were having discomforting pain (65%) as compared to group B who were having distressing and horrible pain (50%) as evaluated by Mc Gill pain questionnaire. Both the groups were hemodynamically stable, no side effects were noted.Conclusions: Onset of sensory and motor blockade was rapid in group B, however group F showed longer lasting motor block and postoperative analgesia. Both groups were hemodynamically stable and without any side effects.
Endocrinal assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients as compared to control groups
Authors: Toppo Amardeepak , Sudheer D. , Rajawat G. S. , Kurian Thomas
Published: March 2017

Background: Hormones also take part in respiratory control via peripheral chemo receptors or by their local effects on the lungs and the airways. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, respiratory muscles are required to work efficiently than normal individuals to establish a sufficient respiration. Changes in serum hormone levels of COPD patients adversely affect functioning of respiratory muscles. Objective of the study was to assess endocrinal profile in COPD patient with comparable control groups.Methods: A Hospital based Case control study conducted at Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Late B.R.K.M Government Medical College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India during July 2016 to January 2017. Study included 75 diagnosed cases of COPD in which moderate, severe, very severe COPD was 25 in each of this group (per GOLD ‘s guideline) and compared to age matched 25 healthy control.Results: In this study serum growth hormone and serum testosterone showed significant difference between COPD cases and control group and fair significant difference in serum FSH between COPD cases and control groups. There was no significant correlation between serum growth hormone, serum testosterone and serum FSH with COPD grading. There was no statistically difference observed in serum LH (p=0.425) level between COPD cases and control groups. Present study showed there was statistically difference in FT3, FT4 and TSH level between COPD cases and control groups. There was significant negative correlation between FT4 levels between COPD grading. But no correlation seen between COPD grading and control with respect to serum FT3 and TSH level.Conclusions: Endocrinal assessment in present study showed significant decrease in serum growth hormone and serum testosterone in COPD patients, which are anabolic hormones. Early detection and correction of such an anabolic hormonal abnormality may prevent skeletal and diaphragmatic muscle weakness, and improve respiratory drive of COPD patients.
An elusive case of acute abdomen in dengue fever
Authors: K. N. Ramesh , Gowda Ambanna
Published: March 2017

Currently dengue is endemic in all continents except Europe and epidemic dengue hemorrhagic fever occurs in Asia. Hemorrhagic manifestations observed at every stage of illness, they are probably the summation of ill understood virus as well as host factors that result in the incompetence of vescular endothelium.
Carbimazol and acenocoumarol, where is the problem?
Authors: El Omri Naoual , Mekouar Fadwa , Eljaoudi Rachid , Jira Mohamed , Sekkach Youssef , Amezyane Taoufik , Ghafir Driss
Published: March 2017

Acenocoumarol and carbimazole are two drugs widely prescribed, they can sometimes be used in the same time. There is no known drug interaction between the two drugs but we report a case of a serious hemorrhagic complication following the concomitant use of the acenocoumarol and carbimazole. A 70-year old man treated by acenocoumarol for an aortic and mitral valve replacement. For a clinical and biological hyperthyroidism, he began treatment with carbimazole, ten days before admission. Three days later, he developed a mucocutaneous icterus with major hemorrhagic syndrome. The outcome was favourable after stopping medication and the use of vitamin K.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices about goiter among population in Shendi provence. River Nile state of Sudan
Authors: Elmanssury Ahmed Elnadif , Dafaalla Safa Abdalla
Published: March 2017

Background: Globally, about 2 thousand million people are affected by iodine deficiency. The aim of this study is to Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding goiter among population in Shendi Provence. River Nile State of Suda. Methods: This study was conducted as a community based descriptive Cross – sectional study. In this study 636 households were included .Questionnaire were used as tools for data collection. The households were selected through a multistage cluster-sampling technique, three cluster stage was used (The locality was divided into four administrative units, All administrative units were divided  into cluster villages or block and The required number of households in each village and block was selected by following the systemic random sampling technique)  636 respondents were selected. Results: The study was found that (58.5%) of respondents were recognize goiter disease as an enlargement of thyroid gland.  More than sixty (63.4%) were aware of the causes of goiter and its symptoms, (56%) were aware of iodine. More than half of respondents (55.8%) were aware of sources of iodine, (47%) of respondents were aware of foods contain iodine and its types. In addition, study revealed that (41%) of participant were aware of iodized salt. Moreover (48%) of respondents consider that iodized salt is necessary. The results revealed that only 82 (12.9%) were applied Preventive measures. Conclusions: The overall knowledge of respondent regarding goiter were found to be good, they had negative attitude towards goiter and they had proper practice in consumption of food contain.
A hospital-based study on knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women on gender preference, prenatal sex determination and female feticide at tertiary care hospital, Bikaner
Authors: Mehta Seema , Meena Rattiram , Acharya Rekha , Sharma Gaurav , Bhatt Madhu Patni
Published: March 2017

Background: Female feticide has been a big social problem in all the states of India. There is a male child preference by pregnant women including their family members. Thus this study aimed to assess attitude and awareness on female feticide. Methods: The present study was conducted in ANC center of Medical college Hospital, Bikaner of Rajasthan in 500 pregnant women (250 rural and 250 Urban). Results: Out of 500 pregnant women 62% had shown no gender preference, 23% preferred male child and 15% had preferred to have female child. Regarding awareness, 88% and 90% women knew that prenatal sex determination and female feticide are illegal respectively. Conclusions: Being the civilized citizens, it is our duty to raise voice against the declining sex ratio and killing of girl child. Being a woman it is our primary duty as well as concern to come forward to stop this menace.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding sickle cell disease in adult sufferers and carriers in a rural area
Authors: Patil Sonali S. , Thikare Anand A. , Wadhva Sarita K. , Narlawar Uday W. , Shukla Shruti
Published: March 2017

Background: According to State Health Society, there are about 30 lakhs sickle cell carrier and 1.5 lakhs sufferers in Maharashtra, prevalence being more in tribal population. As Sickle cell disease is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, it is important for patients to have awareness regarding its cause, treatment and genetic implication. To assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices regarding sickle cell disease in adult sufferers and carriers.Materials and Methods: The present study is an cross sectional study, carried out in 232 adult sickle cell disease sufferers and carriers in rural area of Chandrapur district from July 2014 to December 2015.Results: Out of 232 study subjects, 17.24% were sufferers and 82.76% were carriers. Only 62.50% knew the correct cause and only 42.67% had correct knowledge of types of disease. 76.30% had correct knowledge about symptoms of disease. 40.09% patients were availing  treatment of some kind. It was found that only 6.77% had done premarital screening of their spouses and 100% had screened their children for sickle cell disease.Conclusion: Knowledge regarding sickle cell disease, its cause, types, treatment and prevention is satisfactory in sufferers but not in carriers. Overall attitude towards treatment and prevention is more or less positive. Treatment seeking behavior is good in sufferers but not in carriers.
Quantitative assessment of prosocial behaviour and trends of transfusion transmitted infections among voluntary blood donors: a cross sectional study
Authors: Satti Siva Balaji Reddy , B. Ravikumar , V. Vijayasanti , K. Amarender Reddy
Published: March 2017

Background: Every country faces an ongoing challenge to collect blood from safe donors. Chronic blood shortages are common in developing countries. According to WHO Voluntary blood donation practices are encouraged to collect safe blood units. In India for donating the blood often they say prosocial reasons. The objectives of the present study was quantitative assessment of prosocial behaviour as well as trends of transfusion transmitted infections among (voluntary blood donors) VBD. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out between 1st January 2016 to 31st august 2016, at the field practice area of Institute of preventive medicine (IPM), Narayanaguda, Telangana state, India. The total sample size estimated was 41,356 (by Census survey method). Among which 25,641(62%) were current donors and 15,715 (38%) lapsed donors likewise 35,980 males and 5,376 females were enrolled. Results: Among the participants majority (87%) were males compare to females (13%). out of 41,352 donors majority were current donors (62%) compare to lapsed donors (38%). Among current donors all the mean scores of prosocial behaviour components were high and The trends of All TTIs infection prevalence rates were declined progressively. Conclusions: Sustainable motivational levels may increase the frequency of blood donation and by encouraging VBDs one can reduce the TTIs.
Central nervous system vasculitis: a rare manifestation of leptospirosis presenting as bilateral cortical blindness
Authors: Jhorawat Rajesh , Bansal Neha , Malhotra Vinay , Beniwal Pankaj
Published: March 2017

Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in the warm and humid region caused by spirochetal infection. It is an occupational disease with clinical manifestation varies from subclinical, self-limited infection to severe and potentially fatal disease. The most frequent neurologic manifestation in leptospirosis is aseptic meningitis. Other manifestations are encephalitis, cerebellitis, myelitis, intracranial bleed, and movement disorders. Here, we report a case of central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis in severe leptospirosis.
Editorial: English
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Passos Rosemary
Published: March 2017

ETD – Educação Temática Digital is reaching its 18a edition, searching, in each issue, to contribute with the shaping of our reader knowledge, with articles, short communications, reports and essays that discusses big matters of education, presented in thematic sections. This means that the contributions have an interdisciplinary coverage, as a way to maintain the initial proposal of being “A journal of the educator/researcher”, with only eight years of existence. This special edition with the main subject “Deaf Education”, is made up of 25 original papers written by specialized professionals in this area, in parallel with the works of the GES - the Deaf Education Research Group of the Faculty of Education of the Campinas State University. This group comprises three research subgroups that count on the participation of professionals of other renowned institutions, which study and do research about deafness...
Legitimasi Hukum Pemberlakuan Syari’at Islam di Aceh: Tinjauan Yuridis, Sosiologis dan Filosofis
Authors: Jafar M
Published: March 2017

The glory of Aceh Darussalam Kingdom in the past cannot be separated from the complete application of Islamic Sharia (kāffah) as the way of life in Aceh. Reflecting the historical past, the implementation of Sharia in Aceh in the present context is absolutely necessary. However, today's enforcement must refer to the three foundations, namely judicial, sociological, and philosophical. The most fundamental of juridical basis is the Constitution of 1945 (UUD 1945) Chapter XI on Religion and paragraph 2 of Article 29, new amendment of Article 18A paragraph 1 and Article 18B paragraph 1. The implementing of Sharia law in Aceh began with the birth law No. 44/1999 regarding the Implementation Features Special of Aceh Province, then refined by law No. 18/2001 on Special Autonomy for Aceh Province as Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province. Then it is continued by the Law Number 11/2006 on the Governing of Aceh (UUPA). The sociological ground is majority Muslim of Acehnese can receive all the products based on Islamic Sharia law. The philosophical foundation, Islamic law, should be enforced based on the Qur'an and Hadith recommended preserving religion, life, property, lineage, and resourceful.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1250
Peran dan Pengaruh Filsafat dan Logika dalam Metode Istinbāth Hukum Islam
Authors: Arfan Abbas
Published: March 2017

Muslim scholars argue that the relationship between usul fiqh, philosophy, and logic is ‘alāqah ihtiyājiyyah manhājiyyah (methodological need relationship) because the legal ground in the theory of usul fiqh is not only derived from the scripture (naqlī) such as the Qur’an and Hadits but also from logic (‘aqlī). In order to have more understanding in the textual reason (naqlī), it requires logical reason or logical competence. This paper attempts to analyze critically and comprehensively such relationship so it will be revealed the position of philosophy and logic in Islamic law. This is important since Muslims still view that philosophy and logic are irrelevant with Islam. This study demonstrates that the relationship between philosophy and logic with Islamic law is very strong because the methodology of Islamic law (usul fiqh) accommodate them. So it is a methodological relationship. Thus, claiming that these two disciplines are forbidden in Islam, as Muslims may assume, is untenable. In contrast, they are an important element in the Islamic legal system.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1252
Menggagas Fiqh Al-Bī’ah sebagai Basis Etis-Praktis Konservasi Alam
Authors: Quddus Abdul
Published: March 2017

Environmentalists are now seeking a new way to tackle environmental crises after the failure of the science-based approach to these issues. They look for an alternative perspective and mechanism on the basis of religion or wisdom of local tradition for the environment maintenance. Islamic law (fiqh) offers ethical grounds and norms for the conservation of nature. The grounds are not abstract norms but concrete guidance for humans as the God’s vicegerent on earth. Furthermore, fiqh has provided individuals and society the standard of ethic and practice to deal with nature. This article examines the norms and history of fiqh regarding human-nature relations or fiqh al-bī’ah (Islamic law of nature preservation). It shows that fiqh offers a detailed h\alal-h\aram provision as the scheme of standard consumption, hima (wildlife protection) and ihyā’ al-mawat (cultivation of unowned land).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1258
Gemido dos excluídos: a construção social do adoecimento
Authors: Zanatta Jacir Alfonso , Costa Márcio Luís
Published: March 2017

Esta pesquisa, desenvolvida na comunidade ribeirinha de Porto da Manga, situada a 76 km da cidade de Corumbá, MS, mostra que o adoecimento é uma construção social de responsabilidade do Estado. No local, vivem aproximadamente 30 famílias, em torno de 200 pessoas, que, na sua maioria, são coletores de iscas, pescadores profissionais e piloteiros. Para a coleta de dados, foram convidadas 55 pessoas, das quais 47 aceitaram responder ao questionário semiestruturado, e oito se recusaram a participar. Como metodologia, foi utilizada a análise qualitativa, com observação participante. A omissão do Estado no campo da saúde, educação, habitação, transporte público e segurança contribui para a produção do adoecimento dos ribeirinhos. Dessa forma, o Estado, que deveria ser gerador de vida, é produtor de adoecimento e morte: não só deixa morrer, mas faz morrer.Palavras-chave: Comunidade; Coletores de iscas; Construção do adoecimento.
Inteligência, aprendizagem e a Teoria da Modificabilidade Cognitiva Estrutural (TMCE)
Authors: Dalmina Rute Rosângela , Nogaro Arnaldo , Battestin Cláudia
Published: March 2017

A ideia norteadora deste artigo é apresentar as interfaces entre inteligência, desenvolvimento cognitivo e aprendizagem. Resulta de pesquisa bibliográfica em autores como Feuerstein (2013, 2014), Fonseca (1998, 2002), Gardner (2000), Marina (2009), Piaget (1973), Vygotsky (1984), dentre outros. A abordagem aqui apresentada baseia-se num processo que adiciona novas visões e perspectivas sobre aprender na concepção da Teoria da Modificabilidade Cognitiva Estrutural (TMCE). Com base nessa teoria, considera-se que a aprendizagem acarreta a integração de processos externos e internos entre o indivíduo e seu ambiente social, cultural e material. Desse modo, a inteligência está intimamente ligada ao desenvolvimento cognitivo porque é condutora responsável por direcionar a energia mental necessária, pois integra duas funções psicológicas essenciais para gerar a aprendizagem- aquisição e elaboração. Assim, a inteligência e a aprendizagem são apresentadas de maneira horizontalizada, pois estão sempre envolvidas de forma integrada e processual.
O abandono escolar perante os constrangimentos da exclusão e a atração do mundo do trabalho
Authors: Barreto Antónia , Coelho Amílcar , Baião Maria Dalila de Moura Mendes , Jerónimo Fernando , Silva José Manuel Pereira da , Silva Isilda Pereira e
Published: March 2017

A partir da década de 70, uma das principais apostas da educação em Portugal foi a construção de uma escola promotora da inclusão e da igualdade de oportunidades. Porém muitos desses impulsos reformistas vieram a ser marcadamente comprometidos, ou mesmo alienados, na falta de eficácia e de justiça da escola, incapaz de concretizar plenamente as aspirações individuais e colectivas de uma sociedade em mutação. O artigo aborda o problema do abandono escolar experimentado e vivido pelos jovens que não concluíram o ensino secundário e centra-se na análise de conteúdo de 30 entrevistas recolhidas numa amostra de conveniência do grupo dos que, tendo abandonado a escola, a ela voltaram para concluir um ou mais ciclos de estudos. Os resultados levantam duas questões que se abrem para o futuro: 1) Pode a actual rigidez do currículo ser compatível com uma escola determinada em preparar os indivíduos para a vida? 2) Estarão os agentes educativos, conscientes, empenhados e preparados para a prestação de um serviço educativo centrado nos alunos, suas necessidades, potencialidades e aspirações?Palavras-chave: Papel da escola; inclusão; abandono escolar.
Usos e abusos do formal e não formal em educação Uses and abuses of formal and non-formal education
Authors: Vieira Ricardo , Vieira Ana Maria
Published: March 2017

Este texto está dividido em dois andamentos. No primeiro andamento, procura-se desconstruir adicotomia tão redutora entre formal e informal na Educação em geral e na Educação Social, em particular. Entendemos que a Pedagogia Social, mais interessada na (trans)formação pessoal e social, e a Antropologia da Educação, mais no estudo dos processos educativos, se interpenetram derrubando muros como o formal/não formal/informal e ainda o escolar e não escolar, salientando o processo educativo como um processo complexo e global que decorre entre o nascimento e a morte. Tanto uma como outra, a Pedagogia Social e a Antropologia da Educação, preferem atualmente, optar pelo uso da dimensão não escolar, por contraponto à lógica da escola, ao invés de não formal. O segundo andamento do texto centra-se na Pedagogia Social como ciência matriz da Educação Social (CARIDE,2005) e nas competências do educador social que se autonomiza relativamente ao trabalho social pelo seu caráter pedagógico que determina os seus modelos de atuação, quer na escola, quer para além da escola, quer em espaços e tempos mais formais, quer menos formais.
Educação de Jovens e Adultos e a avaliação de competência para certificação
Authors: Ferreira Valdivina Alves , Rodrigues Marcilene Ferreira
Published: March 2017

Este artigo tem por finalidade, apresentar uma reflexão acerca da Educação de Jovens e Adultos, com foco na avaliação de competência para certificação. As análises advêm de um estudo documental e bibliográfico à luz de autores que debatem sobre a temática. Iniciam-se os estudos a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988, levantando subsídios que identifiquem como foram introduzidos os conceitos de avaliação de competências e certificação, uma vez que, a educação é apreendida por um arcabouço de resoluções que visam à garantia do direito subjetivo conferido a ela. Todavia os arremates sinalizam que as propostas neoliberais visam ampliar e perpetuar o sistema vigente, contribuindo para a minimização do direito à educação de qualidade aos sujeitos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos.
Nutritional Deficiency Diseases in School Children Rural Areas of Mangaraipattai Village Musiri Taluk, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Maruthanayagam C. , Mahalakshmi R.
Published: March 2017

An intervention study was conducted among 518 school going children with an objective to study the nutritional deficiency disease in Mangaraipettai village. Anemia is one of the major prevalent nutritional deficiencies in the world, and more than half of the population in India is anemic, the  prevalence of anemia is very high among school going children, anemia leads to poor pregnancy outcome, impaired school performance, decreased work productivity and other adverse effects comes. This  study was conducted to assess the  prevalence of anemia, underweight, vitamin A  deficiency, parasite infection, dental caries, stunting growth and some  social  factor including  drinking water  sources, intake  of  leafy  vegetable among  school going children 4 year old  to  14 years  of  age, and  the  results found was 74.5% of  students are anemia. The other results were discussed.
Preventing Leaks Through RUL Prediction Modeling: Casing Integrity in HP/HT Environment
Authors: Das Bibek
Published: March 2017

Maintaining well integrity and preventing loss of containment is of prime importance and is achieved through effective and efficient operation of primary and secondary barriers. This paper's subject of study is the reliability of such a barrier – the production casing. In HPHT environment the casings are exposed to different types of loads. At the same time the casing is also subjected to corrosive conditions which results in thickness reduction of casing and reduction in capacity to withstand the loads. This paper proposes a model to assess the impact on casing integrity due to such loads and corrosive actions that the casings are subjected to in HPHT conditions. The model predicts Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the casings.

The major loads in HPHT conditions can be attributed to: (i) heat transfer between hot fluid and casing leading to lateral expansion/contraction loads in response to the temperature changes of the fluid; (ii) high collapse pressure due to high formation pressure; and (iii) tensile loads due to the buoyed weight.

In this paper, a numerical model is developed to analyze the mechanism of casing failures in HPHT wells. The interactions between the casing and surrounding formation are simulated, and effects of tribocorrosion on the casing are also considered. Tribocorrosion is the process of degradation of a material resulting from a sequential process of (i) mechanical wear (due to sliding, friction, or impact) followed by (ii) a corrosive action of the surrounding environment. The model includes simulating casing wear due to drilling, and enhanced degradation due to high temperature and sour conditions in the well.

The integrity issues can be predicted in advance, and procedures can be implemented to maintain the barrier integrity, reliability and thus prevent any fluid leakage. The paper presents a unique approach to predict the remaining useful life of a well barrier. The prediction is not solely based on statistical modeling but also incorporates barrier engineering and physics of failure in the model.
CO2 Plume Characterization Using Pressure Arrival Time
Authors: Tran Nam H. , Zeidouni Mehdi
Published: March 2017

CO2 geological storage is a promising method to cut CO2 atmospheric emissions. Determining the extent of the injected CO2 plume within a target storage formation has direct implications for the safety of the CO2 storage project as it determines the area of CO2 exposure. In this study, a pressure interference test is introduced to characterize the CO2 plume in the reservoir. For a given CO2 plume, water is injected at the injection well and pressure interference signal (and its arrival time) is obtained at several observation wells inside/outside of the plume. We utilize an analytical expression to determine multi-phase diffusivity coefficient from numerical simulation results. The relationship between travel time and diffusivity coefficient is expressed as a line integral to obtain the pressure arrival time. We introduce a method to invert the arrival time in the synthetic pressure interference data in order to estimate the average gas saturation. It is shown that when inverting the arrival time from the numerical simulation to find the average CO2-rich (gaseous) phase saturation, the percent error was high, but the actual change in gaseous saturation was small, showing strong potential to be applied to the field. Complexities were added to the system such as anisotropy and heterogeneity in two- and three-dimensional systems. Observation wells were located co-linear to the injection well, so anisotropy had minimal effect on the permeability used for calculations.
Decision Risk Analysis to Evaluate Uncertainty on the Percentage of Sharing Between Oil Companies and Government at Brazilian Production Sharing Contracts
Authors: Nascimento J. H. , Schiozer D. J.
Published: March 2017

The motivation for this study is the expected intensification of bid rounds for Brazilian Pre-salt, while adopting the Production Sharing Contracts (PSC). The objective of this work is to present a risk analysis of key parameters (average well production and price) that determine the percentage of surplus in Oil for the Government at PSC, in Brazil. The percentage of sharing offered is been used to choose the winner in the Bid Round of Pre-salt areas, as in Libra.

Based on the production history of 39 wells since 2009 of two Pre-salt fields, a frequency distribution for production per well is analyzed. The process to perform the risk analysis included, first, the identification of the variability of the well production in Brazilian Pre-salt, showing key issues by field, by location in the reservoir. Further, a probabilistic function of the average production per well is estimated, as well as the average decline rate of well production is calculated to be used in the forecast of production curve per year for a typical module/FPSO, considering 12 wells starting production in an chronogram that optimizes a 150 Mbbl/day FPSO capacity.

The values estimated from probabilistic functions of petroleum price and production per well are used to determine production sharing percentage, applying the same process used in the Bid round of Libra's block (Brazil, 2013). The probabilistic function of petroleum price is based on estimates of specialized Institutes.

Through a Monte Carlo simulation, using random choices of (i) average well production and (ii) price, it is generated a probabilistic distribution of the percentage of surplus in Oil for the Government at PSC for Brazil.

The results of this work may be used in future studies of the fiscal system of PSC in Brazil, to make a risk analysis of the offer to be done in the Bid Round of Pre-salt Fields in Brazil.
Integrated Water Injection Analysis for a Giant Brown Field
Authors: Ortega A. , Renna S. , Fanello G. , Callegaro C. , Bergamo I. , Yehia O.
Published: March 2017

Rejuvenation of mature assets plays a crucial role in current low oil price scenario, allowing improving production with limited investments and risks. Nevertheless, brown field rejuvenation is often very demanding in terms of complex integrated reservoir studies, mainly due to the huge mass, heterogeneity and reliability of available data. In this context, it is crucial to shortly identify the key parameters that allow to robustly detect the main flow paths in the reservoir, their current status and any possible optimization.

An integrated workflow is proposed for brown fields where oil production is mainly driven by water injection. Produced water salinity plays a key role, acting as natural tracer whenever a huge contrast in salinity exists between formation and injected water. Production and geological data throughout all the different field deployment phases are deeply integrated. The outcomes are conceptual models where the evolution of fluid paths in time is clearly identified, providing a valuable support for both validating the geological vision of the reservoir and driving the dynamic model history match. Once the 3D model is available, streamline analysis is performed to verify its robustness, compute the efficiency of the current injection scheme and drive the deployment strategy optimization.

This paper is focused on a mature Egyptian field characterized by an extremely complex heterogeneity, more than 60 years of production and about 500 wells drilled. The field is undergoing a rejuvenation process including water injection optimization and chemical EOR. Despite the amount of data, some uncertainty in the field behavior is still present, mainly due to the high impact of commingle production.

Due to ESP well completions and similar oil characteristics in all layers, both PLTs and geochemical analysis could provide only a marginal support to the analysis. In this context, the proposed workflow allowed detecting the main connections without any additional data collection, thus reducing costs and timing.

The results of the analysis improved the understanding of some critical aspects both on static and dynamic sides: validation of fluid contacts, well integrity issues, aquifer support, faults impact and commingle contributions. The results achieved show that in a framework characterized by the presence of a huge number of measured data, a systematic approach for their analysis and interpretation can help in extrapolating the main fluid paths from the complexity of brown reservoirs and thus providing a valuable support to speed up and optimize fields analysis and rejuvenation.
Cooperación Sur – Sur: Regionalismos e integración en América Latina. Bruno Ayllon; Tahina Ojeda; Javier Surasky
Authors: Solano-Mercado Ixhel
Published: March 2017

Reseña del libro "Cooperación Sur – Sur: Regionalismos e integración en América Latina" escrito por Bruno Ayllon; Tahina Ojeda; Javier Surasky.
Supercooperadores. Martin A. Nowak y Roger Highfield
Authors: López-Valderrama Daniela
Published: March 2017

Reseña del libro Supercooperadores escrito por Martin Nowak y Roger Highfield
El derecho a la reparación integral en Justicia y Paz.: El caso Mampuján, las Brisas y Veredas de San Cayetano. Patrick Lefkaditis P y Freddy Ordoñez
Authors: De los Ríos Edwin
Published: March 2017

Reseña del libro "El derecho a la reparación integral en Justicia y Paz.: El caso Mampuján, las Brisas y Veredas de San Cayetano" Patrick Lefkaditis P y Freddy Ordoñez