bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The diversity of leaves and asiaticoside content on three accessions of Centella asiatica with the addition of chicken manure fertilizer
Authors: Maratul Happy , YULI WIDYASTUTI  , SUPRIYONO  , Yunus Ahmad
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Mumtazah HM, Supriyono, Widyastuti Y, Yunus A. 2020. The diversity of leaves and asiaticoside content on three accessions of Centella asiatica with the addition of chicken manure fertilizer. Biodiversitas 21: 1035-1040. Centella asiatica (L.) commonly known as an essential medicinal herb. This plant has high diversity, especially in leaf morphology. The main objective of this research was to determine the morphology of leaves and the effect of chicken manure dosage on the increase of asiaticoside content. The leaves of three accessions characterized, and then C. asiatica planted. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial, with the first factor is accession (C) with 3 levels (C1: accession 1, C2: accession 2, C3: accession 3). The second factor was chicken manure with 4 levels dosage (P1: 0 ton ha-1, P2: 10 tons ha-1, P3: 15 tons ha-1 and P4: 20 tons ha-1). Asiaticoside analysis used the TLC method with chloroform: methanol: water (65:25:4) as mobile phase. The result from this research showed that the diversity in leaf morphology of three accessions is in leaf size and petiole length. Accession 3 has the widest leaf size (7.3 cm) and the longest petiole (9.8 cm), accession 2 with a leaf width of 5.8 cm and petiole length in 8.5 cm, while the accession 1 has the least leaf width (5.3 cm) and the length of the petiole is the shortest with 7.3 cm. Observation results of asiaticoside showed that the highest content of asiaticoside produced by accession 3 (0.19%), then accession 1 with a content of 0.15%, while accession 2 showed the lowest asiaticoside content (0.13%). The treatment of chicken manure addition significantly increase asiaticoside content in accessions 1 and 3, but in accession 2 it was not significantly increased. The highest content of asiaticoside (0.34%) were in accession 3 with the addition of chicken manure 20 tons ha-1 (P4).
Comparing morphological traits of legs of understory birds inhabiting forest areas with closed canopies and forest gaps
Authors: Siri Supalak , Ponpituk Yuwadee , Safoowong Mongkol , Nuipakdee Wimonmart , Marod Dokrak , Duengkae Prateep
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Siri S, Ponpituk Y, Safoowong M, Nuipakdee W, Marod D, Duangkae P. 2020. Comparing morphological traits of legs of understory birds inhabiting forest areas with closed canopies and forest gaps. Biodiversitas 21: 1041-1048. Bird species exhibit different adaptations depending on their habitats. The morphological traits of each species represent adaptations that are impacted by environmental changes. We conducted a 3-year study from 2015 to 2017 to compare the leg morphology of understory birds that occur under closed canopies and in forest gaps in a hill evergreen forest in northern Thailand, with gaps in the natural forest representing forest disturbances. We captured 64 bird species over the study period and measured 11 leg morphological features for each individual. Ground-foraging birds were generally long-legged and climbing birds generally short-legged. Understory species living in dense forest areas were significantly associated with long claws, toes, and tibiae, whereas species occurring in gaps and open areas tended to have shorter leg structures. Results from classification tree analysis revealed that digit claw length is the most important trait for predicting which habitat a species is most likely to occupy. Our findings suggest that understory birds with long leg structures that live under closed canopies are most vulnerable to forest disturbances or the conversion of forests to large-scale open areas.
Short Communication: Population structure and habitat characteristics of Goniothalamus macrophyllus in Bukit Pembarisan forest, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Adhya Ilham , PUDJI WIDODO  , CECEP KUSMANA  , EMING SUDIANA  , IMAM WIDHIONO  , TOTO SUPARTONO
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Adhya I, Widodo P, Kusmana C, Sudiana E, Widhiono I, Supartono T. 2020. Short Communication: Population structure and habitat characteristics of Goniothalamus macrophyllus in Bukit Pembarisan forest, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1130-1135. Goniothalamus macrophyllus (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson is a forest species with important medicinal value and widely used by many local communities. Excessive harvesting of this species has led to population decline and may lead to extinction. The aims of this research was to investigate population structure, habitat characteristics and environmental factors affecting local densities of G. macrophyllus in Bukit Pembarisan forest, Kuningan District, West Java, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was conducted at 17 locations during November 2017 to March 2018. The result showed that the population structure in the study area was dominated by seedlings (95% of the total number of individuals), followed by saplings (4%) and poles (0.1%). Seedlings, saplings, and poles were found growing across a wide elevational range (432-1,273 m asl.), at temperatures of 19-25°C, relative humidity of 80-90%, and soil pH of 4.61-6.46. The multiple regression analysis showed that soil nitrogen and soil pH affected seedling density, whereas soil clay content affected pole density. Our findings indicate that G. macrophyllus preferred acidic soils with high nitrogen and high clay content. We therefore recommend that future conservation efforts include the maintenance of existing poles, a prohibition on bark harvesting, and encouraging use of the leaves, rather than bark, for medicinal applications among consumers of G. macrophyllus.
Genetic diversity of local corn (Zea mays) cultivars from South Amarasi, Kupang District, Indonesia by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats marker
Authors: Uslan Uslan , NUR JANNAH
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Uslan, Jannah N. 2020. Genetic diversity of local corn (Zea mays) cultivars from South Amarasi, Kupang District, Indonesia by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats marker. Biodiversitas 21: 1208-1214. Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important food crops in Indonesia. However, the studies described their genetic variation is relatively poor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of local corn cultivars from South Amarasi, Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia using ISSR markers. The sampling was conducted in 4 different sites in Sub-district of Amarasi, Kupang District. A total of 11 corn cultivars from Sub-district of South Amarasi was collected. DNA isolation was performed by using CTAB Method. Clustering analysis was conducted on MSVP 3.2 software. It was shown that all ISSR-primers used (UBC 811, UBC 814 and UBC 824) were successfully produced polymorphic bands and represents the high genetic diversity of the local corn cultivars. The genetic distance index indicated that several corn cultivars from two different populations were geographically unclustered, although there are samples from several populations that have a low genetic distance. The genetic variation index also showed high genetic diversity among the populations. Further research on the exhaustive sample collection was needed to give an insight into the genetic diversity of local corn cultivars (Zea mays L.) from South Amarasi, Indonesia. Please write implementation of this research
Application of Gaussian pulsed beam decomposition in modeling optical systems with diffraction grating
Authors: Worku Norman G. , Gross Herbert
Published: March 2020

A diffraction grating is one of the most commonly used components in ultrafast optical systems such as pulse stretchers and compressors. Hence, modeling the temporal dispersion and spatiotemporal distortions associated with the angular dispersion of a diffraction grating is very crucial for wave optical modeling of such systems. In this paper, the Gaussian pulsed beam decomposition (GPBD) method is extended to handle the propagation of ultrashort pulses, with arbitrary spatial and spectral profiles, through complex ultrashort pulse shaping systems containing diffraction gratings. Although the diffraction efficiencies are not rigorously computed, the GPBD method enables modeling of the large angular dispersion of idealized diffraction gratings without running into an impractically large number of spectral samples as in the case of Fourier-transform-based methods. The application of the extended method is demonstrated by performing the wave optical propagation of an ultrashort pulse through a single diffraction grating and then through a Treacy compressor system. By combining the Treacy compressor with the Martinez grating pair stretcher with internal lenses, the pulse shaping through a complete chirped pulse amplification (CPA) setup is modeled. Finally, the effects of using real dispersive lenses in the Martinez stretcher on the output pulse of the CPA setup are presented. For analysis of the output pulses, methods of computing the spatiotemporal and spatio-spectral amplitudes of the output pulse from the phase correct superposition of individual Gaussian pulsed beams are presented.
Modulation instability in waveguides with an arbitrary frequency-dependent nonlinear coefficient
Authors: Linale N. , Bonetti J. , Sánchez A. D. , Hernandez S. , Fierens P. I. , Grosz D. F.
Published: March 2020

In this Letter, we present, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the modulation instability (MI) gain spectrum of waveguides with an arbitrary frequency-dependent nonlinear coefficient ensuring strict energy and photon-number conservation of the parametric process. This is achieved by starting from a linear stability analysis of the recently introduced photon-conserving nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The derived MI gain is shown to predict some unique features, such as a nonzero gain extending beyond a zero-nonlinearity wavelength and a complex structure of the MI gain spectrum. Analytical results are shown to be in excellent agreement with numerical simulations.
Addition of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf powder to diets to produce eggs with low cholesterol
Authors: Kismiati Sri , Wahyuni Hanny Indrat , Muryani Rina , Sunarti Dwi , Sumarsih Sri
Published: March 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of binahong leaf powder to quail rations on the production and quality of eggs.

Materials and Methods: The study involved the use of two hundred 7-week-old quails housed evenly in 20 wire cages with a body weight of 123.77±0.72 g. The quails were treated as follows: Ration without binahong leaf powder (T0), addition 2% of binahong leaf powder (T1), addition 4% of binahong leaf powder (T2), and addition 6% of binahong leaf powder (T3). The study used a completely randomized design. The parameters measured were the production, weight, and characteristics of the eggs, as well as the cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and egg protein content in the yolk.

Results: The addition of 2-6% binahong powder did not significantly affect egg production, egg characteristics, or egg protein content, but significantly (p<0.05) affected the cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL contents in yolk. The cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL contents decreased significantly in T1, whereas HDL increased significantly in T2 and T3.

Conclusion: The addition of 2% binahong was enough to obtain healthy quail eggs with low levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL.
Multidisciplinary approach for anatomical correction and diastema closure with laminates veneers – a clinical report
Authors: Llerena-Icochea Alfredo , Velo Marilia , Borges Ana Flávia Sanches , Mondelli Rafael , Furuse Adilson
Published: March 2020

Objective: multidisciplinary treatment has become increasingly common in dental offices and this treatment strategy is based on the achievement of a healthy, harmonious, and pleasant smile. In addition, the development of new ceramic systems and the possibility of making indirect restorations with a low thickness, such as laminates veneers, allowed combining highly satisfactory aesthetic properties, preserving the dental structure through minimal wear. Case report: this paper describes a multidisciplinary approach involving periodontics and restorative dentistry for the successful, functional, and aesthetic treatment in an adult patient. The digital smile design was performed as a guide to plan the clinical case considering factors such as tooth inclination and position, golden proportion, tooth size and shape. Discussion: based on these concepts, the present work reports, through a clinical case, the restoration of aesthetics and function with ceramic laminates veneers in lithium disilicate, in the case of anatomical correction and diastema closure. Conclusion: overall, the multidisciplinary treatment plan demonstrated to have greater advantages both for the aesthetics and function of the patient, as well as for the work team. During the 24-month follow-up, this case presented great functional and aesthetics results.KEYWORDSCeramic veneers; Aesthetic dentistry; Multidisciplinary treatment.
Effect of topical Insulin administration on bone defect healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Mahmoud Hany Mahmoud , Sheriff Hanyabd-elhamed , Ismael Abd-elnasserabd-Elmoala , Zaki Alaaabd-alla
Published: March 2020

Objective: insulin has been reported to possess anabolic effect on bone. Topical application of insulin in bone defects in diabetic rats has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate histologically the effect of topical administration of insulin for the restoration of tibial bone defects in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Sixteen adult male albino diabetic rats were grouped into two equal groups, group I (diabetic control) which had not received any graft, group II (experimental) which was diabetic and had received topical insulin loaded on PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone). Specimens were harvested on days seven and twenty eight days after surgical procedures, prepared and examined histologically by H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) stain, there were wide histological differences between the groups of this study along the different intervals of the study.Results:The histological results demonstrated that there was obvious retardation in resolving the inflammatory phase, organization of the blood clot and bone formation in the diabetic control group I than the experimental group II along the different intervals of this study. Moreover, there was great acceleration in granulation tissue formation, organization and bone formation in experimental group II which received the insulin PVP. Discussion: The enhancement in bone healing process was due to the effect of insulin which accelerates the bone regeneration by means of inflammation resolve, angiogenesis, proliferation and successive differentiation of mesenchymal cells. Conclusion: Topical applications of insulin in bone defects enhance new bone formation in diabetic rats.KEYWORDSInsulin; Bone defect; Tibia; Diabetes; Rats.
Place Attachment and Sustainable Communities
Authors: Razem Maiss , El Kaftangui Mohamed
Published: March 2020

As cities in the developing nations are becoming urbanised at an accelerated pace and intensity, urban planners, design practitioners and policymakers conjoin efforts to satisfy the emergent needs. The design and construction of a sustainable built environment offers adaptive amelioration to the risks of climate change, which ostensibly affects the global South more than the North. Therefore, for developing cities to become sustainably urbanised and planned, socio-economic factors in addition to environmentally devised technological innovations should be comprehensively conceived, to become more consciously assimilated in urban planning and design of residential neighbourhoods in the global South. One of these social factors is place attachment, which has been gaining traction in the last three decades due to the role it plays in understanding the implications of human–place bonding on predicting behaviours, which in turn prepares communities to become resilient and sustainable in the face of possible risks, ranging from climate change displacement to environmental depletion of resources, economic constraints and social tensions. This paper explores the link between place attachment and the creation of more sustainable communities that are civically engaged and environmentally conscientious. As the dynamics of place attachment differ from one context to another, the study employs qualitative methods to mine the place attachment values of several residents of a neighbourhood in Amman, the capital city of Jordan. Through semi-structured interviews with a representative section of the residential communities and photographic documentation, the study analyses the findings from affective and cognitive perspectives, and evaluates their contribution to achieving sustainability. Based on the findings, the research proposes an agenda for future research directions in place attachment studies, providing empirical insight from the context of Jordan.
The Effect of Eco-Efficiency and Quality Management System on Firmâ€™s Performance: Moderating Role of Profitability and Leverage
Authors: Sutrisno Budiman , Wendy Wendy
Published: March 2020

This study examines the effect of an eco-efficiency and quality management system on firm performance moderated by earnings per share (EPS) and leverage. The results of panel data regression found that the eco-efficiency and quality management systems did not directly affect firm performance. The results of the interaction effect test indicated that profitability strengthened the effect of the quality management system on firm performance, yet weakened the effect of the eco-efficiency on firm performance. However, the leverage did not reveal any interaction effect. This research only examined the eco-efficiency by identifying whether the firms had a green-finance certification or not. It also strengthens the results of the previous studies by building an integrated model facilitating the effect of eco-efficiency and quality management systems on firm performance by involving two moderators that had not been found in the previous studies. This study implies â€“for the revolution of industry 4.0 issuesâ€” the stakeholders should be encouraged to strengthen the green economy as an essential business aspect in Indonesia. This study also recommends the importance of sustainable firm managerial studies on green-finance issues and environmental aspects.
CLAMPING DEVICES WITH SPLIT SLEEVES. ACCURACY OF BLANKS INSTALLATION AND MACHINING
Authors: Blinov D. S. , Klakotsky P. V.
Published: March 2020

A special place in the known technological system “MDTP” (machine, device, tool, part) is taken by clamping devices since they are intended for positioning of the blank (part) subject to machining in space to prevent its displacement under the action of cutting forces. The devices significantly influence the accuracy of the clamped blank machining. The ratio of inaccuracies caused by the devices may prevail in the total balance of inaccuracies. This may take place during machining of such types of blanks as rings, bushings and cups, especially those with thin walls. The mentioned blanks have a great number of structural configurations, they vary in installation bases, rigidity, accuracy requirements and batch quantity, etc. All this has led to a great number of devices used to install such blanks as rings, bushings and cups. These devices were selected as objects of study. The review thereof has shown two contradictory tendencies: increase in accuracy of machining of blanks clamped in the devices; expansion o the devices’ processing possibilities, in the first instance expansion of the diameter range of blanks which can be installed in a single device. On the basis of the study performed it was determined that mandrels with split sleeves are most promising since they are highly accurate and have a wide range, but there is some room for improvement of these characteristics. The article describes accuracy of blanks’ installation and machining in mandrels with split sleeves and contains recommendations on rational use of such mandrels.
THE DEPENDENCE OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF TRANSPORT MACHINES ON THE TYPE OF THE ENERGY-POWER BLOCK
Authors: Ababkova A. A.
Published: March 2020

This article describes the features of the use of electric and hybrid drive in transport vehicles. Considers the limitations of using all-electric vehicles. The necessity of developing a hybrid drive for heavy-duty vehicles is substantiated. The basic formulas for calculating the power of an electric drive hybrid vehicle are resented. A comparison is given of the results of the calculation of the main dynamic characteristics of the transport vehicle with various types of power unit. To which include: acceleration time, acceleration path and the average speed of movement. In conclusion, the most efficient type of drive is determined.
CALCULATION OF THE STRENGTH OF RUBBER-CORD MEMBRANES IN REAL OPERATING CONDITIONS
Authors: Evdokimov A. P.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the existing methods of calculating the strength and torsional vibrations of rubber-cord shells of elastic couplings. The refined estimation of these calculated dependences taking into account physical nonlinearity and thermal fields of elastic shells is made.
RESEARCH OF RELIABILITY AT THE DESIGN STAGE OF COMPLEX TECHNICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Trukhanov V. M. , Basova S. S. , Trukhanov G. V. , Kuprovskiy G. I.
Published: March 2020

The issues of nomenclature choice of reliability indices and methods of reliability distribution between components of product have been considered in the present article. Calculation methods of design reliability of expensive nondiscarding objects like movable mountings and also mathematical models of design reliability, which taking into account random and nonrandom failures. The technique of calculation and achievement of required level reliability has been represented.
METAMODEL ENGINEERING FOR SUPPORTING FUZZY KNOWLEDGE BASE SYNTHESIS
Authors: Dorodnykh N. O. , Nikolaychuk O. A. , Yurin A. Yu.
Published: March 2020

The paper is devoted to fuzzy knowledge base engineering problem. The effectiveness of this process can be improved by automated generation of source codes and analysis of data presented in different forms, in particular, in the form of conceptual models describing a certain subject domain. The knowledge base code generation is based on the transformation of conceptual models from the model-based approach and the use of metamodels. The metamodeling provides the description of the source and target formalisms of conceptual modeling and knowledge representation. We present an approach for fuzzy knowledge base engineering based on model transformations. In particular, metamodels for describing fuzzy rule-based models and fuzzy ontologies and method for automated metamodel generation are presented.
Große Aufmerksamkeit für kleine Welten – Nanotechnologie und ihre Folgen
Authors: Fleischer T. , Decker M. , Fiedeler U.
Published: March 2020

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Theorien der Technikentwicklung - vom Kopf auf die Füße gestellt: Aber auf welche Füße? Und auf wie viele?
Authors: Gloede F.
Published: March 2020

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Strategi Peningkatan Ekuitas Merek di Indonesia
Authors: Wardianto Kussuyatmono Bagus , Damayanti Damayanti , Destalia Mediya , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah struktur modal, profitabilitas dan investasi secara signifikan mempengaruhi ekuitas merek. Ekuitas merek dalam penelitian ini diukur dengan menggunakan nilai merek yang dihitung melalui Metode Hirose (2002). Struktur modal diukur dengan menggunakan jumlah utang, profitabilitas diukur dengan menggunakan jumlah laba bersih dan investasi diukur dengan menggunakan jumlah acquisitions of fixed assets. Sampel yang diteliti adalah Perusahaan Sektor Barang Konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2017. Hasil pengujian statistik menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas dan investasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekuitas merek. Sedangkan struktur modal berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap ekuitas merek.
Another proof of the persistence of Serre symmetry in the Frölicher spectral sequence
Authors: Milivojević Aleksandar
Published: March 2020

Serre’s duality theorem implies a symmetry between the Hodge numbers, hp,q = hn−p,n−q, on a compact complex n–manifold. Equivalently, the first page of the associated Frölicher spectral sequence satisfies \dim E_1^{p,q} = \dim E_1^{n - p,n - q} for all p, q. Adapting an argument of Chern, Hirzebruch, and Serre [3] in an obvious way, in this short note we observe that this “Serre symmetry” \dim E_k^{p,q} = \dim E_k^{n - p,n - q} holds on all subsequent pages of the spectral sequence as well. The argument shows that an analogous statement holds for the Frölicher spectral sequence of an almost complex structure on a nilpotent real Lie group as considered by Cirici and Wilson in [4].
Parity funding of health care contributions in Germany: A DSGE perspective
Authors: Enders Almira , Groll Dominik , Stähler Nikolai
Published: March 2020

Germany reintroduced parity funding of the statutory health insurance scheme in January 2019 by lowering the contribution rates for employees and raising those for employers, leaving the total rate constant. This reduces the tax wedge between total labour costs and net wages. After a small demand impulse on impact, followed by a small downturn in the first two years after implementation, an estimated New Keynesian DSGE model indicates small positive long-run output and employment effects. However, the reduced tax wedge leads to lower public revenues. Aggregate macroeconomic and welfare effects will depend on how the government compensates for these revenue losses.
Effect of deformation temperature on mechanical properties and microstructure of TWIP steel for expansion tube
Authors: Haitao Xue , Dengke Wang , Kaihong Song
Published: March 2020

According to the downhole temperature filed, the mechanical behavior of TWIP steel for expansion tube was studied in the temperature range from 25°C to 300°C. Meanwhile, the phase and microstructure changes before and after deformation were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that yield strength, tensile strength and elongation decrease with temperature increasing. The TWIP steel is single-phase of austenite before and after deformation. Analysis on the microstructure shows that the deformation twins gradually decrease with increasing temperature. The deformation process cannot benefit from the deformation twins, which is responsible for the decreased ductility. In addition, due to the increased temperature, the stacking fault energy becomes high enough to restrain twinning, thus dislocation glide becomes the main deformation mechanism.
Interspecific variability of 1,8-cineole content, phenolics and bioactivity among nine Eucalyptus taxa growing under the sub-humid bioclimate stage
Authors: Chograni Hnia , Riahi Leila , Dhahri Samir , Ezzine Olfa , Chakroun Hanen , Messaoud Chokri
Published: March 2020

Background

Eucalyptus essential oils and extracts are used since the ancient times in alternative medicine. The 1,8-cineole is the most significant constituent of Eucalyptus essential oil, while phenolic contents define the value of eucalyptus extracts. Based on the last considerations, interspecific variability of 1,8-cineole content, phenolics and antioxidant potentials among nine Eucalyptus taxa growing under the sub-humid bioclimate stage of Tunisia was investigated.

Methods

Essential oil profiling was assessed based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed using Folin–Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The antioxidant ability of Eucalyptus volatile metabolites and extracts was achieved based on two test systems namely DPPH and FRAP assays.

Results

Qualitative and quantitative variations in the composition of essential oils according to the studied taxon were shown. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents varied also significantly among the investigated samples. Based on the obtained results, the species Eucalyptus sideroxylon exhibits the highest 1,8-cineole content (76.24 ± 0.86), total phenolics and flavonoids contents (38.5 ± 1.4 mg GAE /g DW and 18.6 ± 0.3 mg RE /g DW, respectively). Moreover this species highlighted the highest free radical-scavenging ability and ferric reducing power for both essential oil and methanolic extracts. Chemometric multivariate analysis showed the classification of the nine studied taxa to three clusters.

Conclusions

The pattern of 1,8-cineole concentration, phenolic and flavonoid contents for the studied nine Eucalyptus species and hybrid showed E. sideroxylon species as the potential candidate for further improvement strategies regarding the production of eucalyptus essential oils and phenolics with high quality for pharmaceutical industry.
A logarithmic estimate for the inverse source scattering problem with attenuation in a two-layered medium
Authors: Entekhabi Mozhgan N. , Gunaratne Ajith
Published: March 2020

The paper aims a logarithmic stability estimate for the inverse source problem of the one-dimensional Helmholtz equation with attenuation factor in a two layer medium. We establish a stability by using multiple frequencies at the two end points of the domain which contains the compact support of the source functions.
Solving a backward problem for a distributed-order time fractional diffusion equation by a new adjoint technique
Authors: Yuan Lele , Cheng Xiaoliang , Liang Kewei
Published: March 2020

This paper studies a backward problem for a time fractional diffusion equation, with the distributed order Caputo derivative, of determining the initial condition from a noisy final datum.
The uniqueness, ill-posedness and a conditional stability for this backward problem are obtained.
The inverse problem is formulated into a minimization functional with Tikhonov regularization.
Based on the series representation of the regularized solution, we give convergence rates under an a-priori and an a-posteriori regularization parameter choice rule.
With a new adjoint technique to compute the gradient of the functional, the conjugate gradient method is applied to reconstruct the initial condition.
Numerical examples in one- and two-dimensional cases illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A novel etiologic factor of highly elevated cholestanol levels: progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: Küçükçongar Yavaş Aynur , Çavdarlı Büşra , Ünal Uzun Özlem , Uncuoğlu Ayşen , Gündüz Mehmet
Published: March 2020

Background

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3) is an uncommon cholestatic liver disease caused by mutations in the ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 4 (ABCB4) gene. Although PFIC3 is frequently identified in childhood, ABCB4 disease-causing alleles have been described in adults affected by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, hormone-induced cholestasis, low-phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis syndrome or juvenile cholelithiasis, cholangiocarcinoma and in sporadic forms of primary biliary cirrhosis. Cholestanol is a biomarker which is elevated especially in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis and rarely in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and Niemann Pick type C.

Case presentation

Here we report a Turkish patient with compound heterozygous mutations in the ABCB4 gene, who has hepatosplenomegaly, low level of high-density lipoprotein, cholestasis and high level of cholestanol.

Conclusion

This is the first PFIC3 case with a high cholestanol level described in the literature. There are very few diseases linked to increased cholestanol levels, two of which are CTX and PBC. From this case, we can conclude that a high cholestanol level might be another indicator of PFIC type 3.
A new blow-up criterion for the N – abc family of Camassa-Holm type equation with both dissipation and dispersion
Authors: Zhang Zaiyun , Li Limei , Fang Chunhua , He Fan , Huang Chuangxia , Zhu Wen
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy problem for the N – abc family of Camassa-Holm type equation with both dissipation and dispersion. Furthermore, we establish the blow-up result of the positive solutions in finite time under certain conditions on the initial datum. This result complements the early one in the literature, such as [E. Novruzov, Blow-up phenomena for the weakly dissipative Dullin-Gottwald-Holm equation, J. Math. Phys. 54 (2013), no. 9, 092703, DOI 10.1063/1.4820786] and [Z.Y. Zhang, J.H. Huang, and M.B. Sun, Blow-up phenomena for the weakly dissipative Dullin-Gottwald-Holm equation revisited, J. Math. Phys. 56 (2015), no. 9, 092701, DOI 10.1063/1.4930198].
The hyperbolic polygons of type (ϵ, n) and Möbius transformations
Authors: Demirel Oğuzhan
Published: March 2020

An n-sided hyperbolic polygon of type (ϵ, n) is a hyperbolic polygon with ordered interior angles
$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\pi}{2}
\end{array} $ + ϵ, θ1, θ2, …, θn−2,
$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\pi}{2}
\end{array} $ − ϵ, where 0 < ϵ <
$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\pi}{2}
\end{array} $ and 0 < θi < π satisfying

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle \sum_{i = 1}^{n-2} \theta_{i}+\Big(\frac{\pi}{2}+\epsilon\Big)+\Big(\frac{\pi}{2}-\epsilon\Big) \lt (n-2)\pi
\end{array} $$

and θi + θi+1 ≠ π (1 ≤ i ≤ n − 3), θ1 + (
$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\pi}{2}
\end{array} $ + ϵ) ≠ π, θn−2 + (
$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\pi}{2}
\end{array} $ − ϵ) ≠ π. In this paper, we present a new characterization of Möbius transformations by using n-sided hyperbolic polygons of type (ϵ, n). Our proofs are based on a geometric approach.
Tripled best proximity point in complete metric spaces
Authors: Rohen Yumnam , Mlaiki Nabil
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we introduce a new type of contraction to seek the existence of tripled best proximity point results. Here, using the new contraction and P-property, we generalize and extend results of W. Shatanawi and A. Pitea and prove the existence and uniqueness of some tripled best proximity point results. Examples are also given to support our results.
Did the NSA and GCHQ Diminish Our Privacy? What the Control Account Should Say
Authors: Menges Leonhard
Published: March 2020

A standard account of privacy says that it is essentially a kind of control over personal information. Many privacy scholars have argued against this claim by relying on so-called threatened loss cases. In these cases, personal information about an agent is easily available to another person, but not accessed. Critics contend that control accounts have the implausible implication that the privacy of the relevant agent is diminished in threatened loss cases. Recently, threatened loss cases have become important because Edward Snowden’s revelation of how the NSA and GCHQ collected Internet and mobile phone data presents us with a gigantic, real-life threatened loss case. In this paper, I will defend the control account of privacy against the argument that is based on threatened loss cases. I will do so by developing a new version of the control account that implies that the agents’ privacy is not diminished in threatened loss cases.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-5-carboxybenzoato-κ
2
N:O)silver(I)], C15H8AgNO4S
Authors: Wang Jian-Ge.
Published: March 2020

C15H8AgNO4S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.38373(15) Å, b = 14.5293(2) Å, c = 10.5147(2) Å, β = 101.0636(18)°, V = 1257.00(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0340, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0724, T = 290(1) K.
Crystal structure of [[Mo3Se7(S2CNEt2)3]2(μ-Se)] ⋅ 2(C6H4Cl2), C42H68Cl4Mo6N6S12Se15
Authors: Brakefield Kyra , Barnes Justin , Donahue James P.
Published: March 2020

C42H68Cl4Mo6N6S12Se15, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 13.0196(19) Å, b = 18.813(3) Å, c = 19.745(3) Å, α = 117.446(2)°, β = 99.775(2)°, γ = 98.233(2)°, V = 4091.7(10) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0557, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1618, T = 150 K.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of yttrium(III) trinitrate(V) pentahydrate, Y(NO3)3 ⋅ 5 H2O, H10N3O14Y
Authors: Klein Wilhelm
Published: March 2020

H10N3O14Y, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.5965(12) Å, b = 9.5374(17) Å, c = 10.5249(19) Å, α = 63.809(13)°, β = 84.677(15)°, γ = 76.397(19)°, V = 577.46(18) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0330, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0697, T = 223 K.
Crystal structure of (η6-1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene)-[5-bromo-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-κ2
C,N]-chloro-ruthenium(II), C21H21BrClNRu
Authors: Xu Chen , Lou Xin-Hua
Published: March 2020

C21H21BrClNRu, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.2185(4) Å, b = 10.1626(5) Å, c = 11.9356(6) Å, α = 100.399(4)°, β = 90.005(4)°, γ = 93.434(4)°, V = 978.68(9) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0353, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0676, T = 291(2) K.
Religious Welfare Organizations, Citizenship, and the State in Lebanon
Authors: Haddad Tania
Published: March 2020

Religious welfare organizations (RWOs) are considered the leading providers of services in Lebanon, with annual budgets exceeding those of state service ministries. While the religious nature of Lebanese society contributes to one part of the story, other political factors have led to these organizations’ emergence: political motivations heavily influence RWOs’ development. Thus, the conceptual framework that analyzes RWOs as providing services solely based on religious obligations does not provide a full analysis of their dynamics and importance. Based on interviews conducted in the field, this paper argues that the historical composition of the state, the state’s paralysis during the civil war, and its present weakness have led to the growth of these organizations. Also, the locally-adapted and decentralized structure of RWOs has contributed to their development into organizations that have grown more powerful than the state.
Think Tank Soldiers in the Battle for Tax Reform
Authors: Irvin Renee , Sokolowski Jes
Published: March 2020

Contemporary scholars argue that high wealth donors in the U.S. influence political decision making through generous funding of nonprofit organizations like think tanks. In response to that potential influence, some endorse curbs on implicit subsidies that favor higher-income donors more than lower-income donors. To highlight the debate, this study selects a particular topic – tax policy – that generates highly partisan viewpoints and political agendas. The article first models predicted partisan operational differences, based on donors’ ideological differences. The study then explores the financial, staffing, and board resources of think tanks and associated advocacy organizations. The data were collected in the year immediately prior to the passage of the 2017 U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, providing a snapshot view of contrasting operations of left-, centrist, and right-leaning tax policy think tanks. Given the notably more generous resources utilized by right-leaning tax policy organizations, it is possible that donor wealth differences enabled right-leaning nonprofits to contribute their influence to get the historic tax reform package passed. However, the successful passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act could have resulted as well from the more targeted messaging and narrative framing employed by right-leaning think tanks and advocacy organizations.
Die Nationale Industriestrategie 2030: Eine kritische Diskussion
Authors: Schnellenbach Jan , Schwuchow Sören
Published: March 2020

Wir analysieren die Nationale Industriestrategie 2030, die im Februar 2019 vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie veröffentlicht wurde. Bei dieser Strategie handelt es sich um einen Versuch, vertikale Industriepolitik in Deutschland zu stärken. Wir argumentieren, dass die theoretische und empirische Rechtfertigung für diese Strategie insgesamt schwach ist. Die vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) vorgeschlagenen Instrumente weisen meist nur eine sehr geringe Passgenauigkeit zur mittelständisch geprägten deutschen Unternehmenslandschaft auf. Sie stellen Anforderungen an die Fähigkeiten der staatlichen Entscheidungsträger, die in der Realität kaum vorzufinden sind. Eine sinnvolle Alternative würde in einer Rückbesinnung auf ordnungspolitische Prinzipien, insbesondere die Gewährleistung einer hohen Wettbewerbsintensität, bestehen.
Evidence Against Combined Effects of Stress and Brain Stimulation on Working Memory
Authors: Friehs Maximilian A. , Frings Christian
Published: March 2020

The effect of stress on working memory has been traced back to a modulation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We investigated the effects of neuromodulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) after exposure to psychosocial stress through the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressure Test (SECPT). The hypothesis was that neuromodulation interacts with the stress intervention, to either boost performance even under stressed conditions or compensate negative stress effects. Fifty-nine participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group received active, anodal, offline transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the lDLPFC while the other group received sham stimulation. Participants performed a lexical n-back task, before and after the SECPT and tDCS intervention. The first n-back task was used as a baseline measurement and the second n-back task was performed during recovery from stress when cortisol levels are at their peak, but still under the influence of tDCS aftereffects. Additionally, after the psychosocial stress phase participants were post-hoc divided into cortisol responders and nonresponders. Results showed that generally stress increased lexical n-back task performance as indicated by faster correct reaction times and higher accuracy but that this was not modulated by tDCS. Crucially, using Bayes analysis we obtained evidence against the influence of anodal tDCS on stressed individual’s working memory performance.
Opportunities for holistic waste stream valorization from food waste treatment facilities: a review
Authors: Giwa Abdulmoseen Segun , Ali Nasir , Vakili Mohammadtaghi , Guo Xiaogang , Liu Dongsheng , Wang Kaijun
Published: March 2020

Difficult-to-biodegrade fractions (DBFs) generated from the biological treatment of food waste (FW) account for approximately 30% of the actual waste. These wastes are difficult to degrade or are considered indigestible residues of the aerobic and anaerobic fermentation treatment of FW treatment facilities. The currently applied disposal routes for DBFs exert environmental pressure and underutilize waste as resources. Therefore, these challenges must be overcome. An innovative strategy for the enhancement of the energy value and beneficial products from FW and the associated DBFs is proposed in this review. We propose conceptual future optimization routes for FW and DBFs via three types of technology integration. Pyrolysis techniques thoroughly treat DBFs to produce various value-added bio-energy products, such as pyrogenic bio-char, syngas, and bio-oil. Anaerobic digestion treats FW while utilizing pyrolysis products for robust performance enhancement and bio-methane upgrade. This holistic route offers conceptual information and proper direction as crucial knowledge for real application to harness the inherent resources of waste streams generated from FW treatment facilities.
Die Dialoge des Lukian von Samosata im literarischen Kontext des tschechischen Klassizismus
Authors: Urválková Zuzana
Published: March 2020

The study is focused on the reception of the then-popular Dialogues of the Dead / Conversations by Syrian philosopher and rhetorician Lucian of Samosata (120 AD-180 AD) in Czech literature on the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, with occasional insight into the intermediary French and German reception. Thanks to their linguistic refinement, Lucian’s dialogues quickly became a popular reading for the learning of Greek at the time, and in the 18th century, they contributed significantly to the development of journalism. This tendency was also present in the revivalist journal Hlasatel český during the period of 1806–1808 when it featured translations of several of Lucian’s dialogues alongside Jungmann’s conversation On the Czech Tongue (1808). The said conversations evoke the form of Lucianesque dialogues of the dead, which was to be the model of antiquity for the Czech classicism of the time, and they fill this form with thoughts of enlightenment and contemporary nationalism while capitalizing on the models of contemporary educational practices at Prague universities.
Data convergence in syntactic theory and the role of sentence pairs
Authors: Juzek Tom S. , Häussler Jana
Published: March 2020

Most acceptability judgments reported in the syntactic literature are obtained by linguists being their own informants. For well-represented languages like English, this method of data collection is best described as a process of community agreement, given that linguists typically discuss their judgments with colleagues. However, the process itself is comparably opaque, and the reliability of its output has been questioned. Recent studies looking into this criticism have shown that judgments reported in the literature for English can be replicated in quantitative experiments to a near-perfect degree. However, the focus of those studies has been on testing sentence pairs. We argue that replication of only contrasts is not sufficient, because theory building necessarily includes comparison across pairs and across papers. Thus, we test items at large, i. e. independent of counterparts. We created a corpus of grammaticality judgments on sequences of American English reported in articles published inLinguistic Inquiryand then collected experimental ratings for a random subset of them. Overall, expert ratings and experimental ratings converge to a good degree, but there are numerous instances in which ratings do not converge. Based on this, we argue that for theory-critical data, the process of community agreement should be accompanied by quantitative methods whenever possible.
Evidence for Distinct Forms of Compulsivity in the SAPAP3 Mutant-Mouse Model for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Ehmer I. , Crown L. , van Leeuwen W. , Feenstra M. , Willuhn I. , Denys D.
Published: March 2020

The specific mechanisms underlying compulsive behavior in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are unknown. It has been suggested that such compulsivity may have its origin in cognitive dysfunction such as impaired processing of feedback information, received after the completion of goal-directed actions. The signal attenuation (SA) task models such a processing deficit in animals by attenuating the association strength between food reward and audiovisual feedback (signal) presented after performance of an operant response. The compulsive-like responding resulting from SA is well characterized in rats, but was so far not established in mice, a species for which powerful genetic OCD models exist. Thus, first, we demonstrate that the SA task can be implemented in mice and show that attenuation of reward-associated response feedback produces similar behavior in C57BL/6 mice as previously reported in rats. Second, we tested the hypothesis thatSAPAP3knock-out mice (SAPAP3-/-), prone to exhibit several OCD-like abnormalities including excessive grooming, show enhanced compulsive-like behavior in the SA task compared with their wild-type (WT) littermates. However, task-related compulsivity measures in SAPAP3-/-and WT did not yield significant differences, neither following SA nor during “regular” extinction of operant behavior. Thus, compulsive-like instrumental behavior following feedback distortion was not potentiated in compulsively grooming mice, implicating specifically that (1) a general deficit in feedback processing is not related to excessive grooming in SAPAP3-/-and (2) different manifestations of compulsivity may be driven by independent mechanisms.