bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring transmission intensity of trachoma with serology
Authors: Tedijanto Christine , Solomon Anthony W. , Martin Diana L. , Nash Scott D. , Keenan Jeremy D. , Lietman Thomas M. , Lammie Patrick J. , Aiemjoy Kristen , Amza Abdou , Aragie Solomon , Arzika Ahmed M. , Callahan E. Kelly , Carolan Sydney , Dawed Adisu Abebe , Goodhew E. Brook , Gwyn Sarah , Hammou Jaouad , Kadri Boubacar , Kalua Khumbo , Maliki Ramatou , Nassirou Beido , Seife Fikre , Tadesse Zerihun , West Sheila K. , Wittberg Dionna M. , Zeru Tadege Taye , Arnold Benjamin F.
Published: June 2023

Trachoma, caused by ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection, is targeted for global elimination as a public health problem by 2030. To provide evidence for use of antibodies to monitor C. trachomatis transmission, we collated IgG responses to Pgp3 antigen, PCR positivity, and clinical observations from 19,811 children aged 1–9 years in 14 populations. We demonstrate that age-seroprevalence curves consistently shift along a gradient of transmission intensity: rising steeply in populations with high levels of infection and active trachoma and becoming flat in populations near elimination. Seroprevalence (range: 0–54%) and seroconversion rates (range: 0–15 per 100 person-years) correlate with PCR prevalence (r: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.97). A seroprevalence threshold of 13.5% (seroconversion rate 2.75 per 100 person-years) identifies clusters with any PCR-identified infection at high sensitivity ( >90%) and moderate specificity (69–75%). Antibody responses in young children provide a robust, generalizable approach to monitor population progress toward and beyond trachoma elimination.
Epigenetic suppression of PGC1α (PPARGC1A) causes collateral sensitivity to HMGCR-inhibitors within BRAF-treatment resistant melanomas
Authors: Liang Jiaxin , Yu Deyang , Luo Chi , Bennett Christopher , Jedrychowski Mark , Gygi Steve P. , Widlund Hans R. , Puigserver Pere
Published: June 2023

While targeted treatment against BRAF(V600E) improve survival for melanoma patients, many will see their cancer recur. Here we provide data indicating that epigenetic suppression of PGC1α defines an aggressive subset of chronic BRAF-inhibitor treated melanomas. A metabolism-centered pharmacological screen further identifies statins (HMGCR inhibitors) as a collateral vulnerability within PGC1α-suppressed BRAF-inhibitor resistant melanomas. Lower PGC1α levels mechanistically causes reduced RAB6B and RAB27A expression, whereby their combined re-expression reverses statin vulnerability. BRAF-inhibitor resistant cells with reduced PGC1α have increased integrin-FAK signaling and improved extracellular matrix detached survival cues that helps explain their increased metastatic ability. Statin treatment blocks cell growth by lowering RAB6B and RAB27A prenylation that reduces their membrane association and affects integrin localization and downstream signaling required for growth. These results suggest that chronic adaptation to BRAF-targeted treatments drive novel collateral metabolic vulnerabilities, and that HMGCR inhibitors may offer a strategy to treat melanomas recurring with suppressed PGC1α expression.
Hierarchical fluctuation shapes a dynamic flow linked to states of consciousness
Authors: Li Ang , Liu Haiyang , Lei Xu , He Yini , Wu Qian , Yan Yan , Zhou Xin , Tian Xiaohan , Peng Yingjie , Huang Shangzheng , Li Kaixin , Wang Meng , Sun Yuqing , Yan Hao , Zhang Cheng , He Sheng , Han Ruquan , Wang Xiaoqun , Liu Bing
Published: June 2023

Consciousness arises from the spatiotemporal neural dynamics, however, its relationship with neural flexibility and regional specialization remains elusive. We identified a consciousness-related signature marked by shifting spontaneous fluctuations along a unimodal-transmodal cortical axis. This simple signature is sensitive to altered states of consciousness in single individuals, exhibiting abnormal elevation under psychedelics and in psychosis. The hierarchical dynamic reflects brain state changes in global integration and connectome diversity under task-free conditions. Quasi-periodic pattern detection revealed that hierarchical heterogeneity as spatiotemporally propagating waves linking to arousal. A similar pattern can be observed in macaque electrocorticography. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of principal cortical gradient preferentially recapitulated the genetic transcription levels of the histaminergic system and that of the functional connectome mapping of the tuberomammillary nucleus, which promotes wakefulness. Combining behavioral, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic evidence, we propose that global consciousness is supported by efficient hierarchical processing constrained along a low-dimensional macroscale gradient.
Synergism of a mixed diet of Myzus persicae and egg of Ephestia kuehniella on fitness of the predator Nabis stenoferus
Authors: Park Young-gyun , Kwon Minhyeok , Sarker Souvic , Lim Un Taek
Published: June 2023

Nabis stenoferus is a zoophytophagous predator that lives in grasslands around agricultural fields. It is a candidate biological control agent for use via augmentation or conservation. To find a suitable food source for mass-rearing and to better understand this predator’s biology, we compared the life history characteristics of N. stenoferus under the three different diets: aphids only (Myzus persicae), moth eggs only (Ephestia kuehniella), or a mixed diet of aphids and moth eggs. Interestingly, when only aphids were supplied, N. stenoferus developed to the adult stage but lacked normal levels of fecundity. There was a significant synergism of the mixed diet on N. stenoferus fitness in both the immature and adult stages, i.e., a 13% reduction in the nymphal developmental period and an 87.3-fold increase in fecundity, compared to aphid-only diet. Furthermore, the intrinsic rate of increase was significantly higher for the mixed diet (0.139) than either aphids only (0.022) or moth eggs only (0.097). These results show that M. persicae alone is not a complete diet for the mass-rearing of N. stenoferus, whereas this aphid can be a supplementary food when combined with E. kuehniella eggs. Implications and applications of these findings for biological control are discussed.
FDM data driven U-Net as a 2D Laplace PINN solver
Authors: Maria Antony Anto Nivin , Narisetti Narendra , Gladilin Evgeny
Published: June 2023

Efficient solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) of physical laws is of interest for manifold applications in computer science and image analysis. However, conventional domain discretization techniques for numerical solving PDEs such as Finite Difference (FDM), Finite Element (FEM) methods are unsuitable for real-time applications and are also quite laborious in adaptation to new applications, especially for non-experts in numerical mathematics and computational modeling. More recently, alternative approaches to solving PDEs using the so-called Physically Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) received increasing attention because of their straightforward application to new data and potentially more efficient performance. In this work, we present a novel data-driven approach to solve 2D Laplace PDE with arbitrary boundary conditions using deep learning models trained on a large set of reference FDM solutions. Our experimental results show that both forward and inverse 2D Laplace problems can efficiently be solved using the proposed PINN approach with nearly real-time performance and average accuracy of 94% for different types of boundary value problems compared to FDM. In summary, our deep learning based PINN PDE solver provides an efficient tool with various applications in image analysis and computational simulation of image-based physical boundary value problems.
The capacity of action observation to drag the trainees' motor pattern toward the observed model
Authors: Bazzini Maria Chiara , Nuara Arturo , Branchini Giulio , De Marco Doriana , Ferrari Laura , Lanini Maria Chiara , Paolini Simone , Scalona Emilia , Avanzini Pietro , Fabbri-Destro Maddalena
Published: June 2023

Action Observation Training (AOT) promotes the acquisition of motor abilities. However, while the cortical modulations associated with the AOT efficacy are well known, few studies investigated the AOT peripheral neural correlates and whether their dynamics move towards the observed model during the training. We administered seventy-two participants (randomized into AOT and Control groups) with training for learning to grasp marbles with chopsticks. Execution practice was preceded by an observation session, in which AOT participants observed an expert performing the task, whereas controls observed landscape videos. Behavioral indices were measured, and three hand muscles' electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded and compared with the expert. Behaviorally, both groups improved during the training, with AOT outperforming controls. The EMG trainee-model similarity also increased during the training, but only for the AOT group. When combining behavioral and EMG similarity findings, no global relationship emerged; however, behavioral improvements were "locally" predicted by the similarity gain in muscles and action phases more related to the specific motor act. These findings reveal that AOT plays a magnetic role in motor learning, attracting the trainee's motor pattern toward the observed model and paving the way for developing online monitoring tools and neurofeedback protocols.
An efficient protocol for the synthesis of pyridines and hydroquinolones using IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4 composite as a magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Ali , Mirhosseini-Eshkevari Boshra , Dadashi Jaber
Published: June 2023

This study reports a facile and cost-effective technique for preparing magnetic copper ferrite nanoparticles supported on IRMOF-3/GO [IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4]. The synthesized IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4 was characterized with IR, SEM, TGA, XRD, BET, EDX, VSM, and elemental mapping. The prepared catalyst revealed higher catalytic behavior in synthesizing heterocyclic compounds through a one-pot reaction between various aromatic aldehydes, diverse primary amines, malononitrile, and dimedone under ultrasound irradiations. Among the notable features of this technique are higher efficiency, easy recovery from the reaction mixture, removal of a heterogeneous catalyst, and uncomplicated route. In this catalytic system, the activity level was almost constant after various stages of reuse and recovery.
Pulmonary embolism in United States emergency departments, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Shu-Hsien , Ko Chia-Hsin , Chou Eric H. , Herrala Jeffrey , Lu Tsung-Chien , Wang Chih-Hung , Chang Wei-Tien , Huang Chien-Hua , Tsai Chu-Lin
Published: June 2023

Little is known about pulmonary embolism (PE) in the United States emergency department (ED). This study aimed to describe the disease burden (visit rate and hospitalization) of PE in the ED and to investigate factors associated with its burden. Data were obtained from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) from 2010 to 2018. Adult ED visits with PE were identified using the International Classification of Diseases codes. Analyses used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression accounting for the NHAMCS’s complex survey design. Over the 9-year study period, there were an estimated 1,500,000 ED visits for PE, and the proportion of PE visits in the entire ED population increased from 0.1% in 2010–2012 to 0.2% in 2017–2018 (P for trend = 0.002). The mean age was 57 years, and 40% were men. Older age, obesity, history of cancer, and history of venous thromboembolism were independently associated with a higher proportion of PE, whereas the Midwest region was associated with a lower proportion of PE. The utilization of chest computed tomography (CT) scan appeared stable, which was performed in approximately 43% of the visits. About 66% of PE visits were hospitalized, and the trend remained stable. Male sex, arrival during the morning shift, and higher triage levels were independently associated with a higher hospitalization rate, whereas the fall and winter months were independently associated with a lower hospitalization rate. Approximately 8.8% of PE patients were discharged with direct-acting oral anticoagulants. The ED visits for PE continued to increase despite the stable trend in CT use, suggesting a combination of prevalent and incident PE cases in the ED. Hospitalization for PE remains common practice. Some patients are disproportionately affected by PE, and certain patient and hospital factors are associated with hospitalization decisions.
MTAP-ANRIL gene fusion promotes melanoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like process by activating the JNK and p38 signaling pathways
Authors: Lin Zhuoying , Lei Yu , Wen Mingyao , He Qin , Tian Dean , Xie Huaping
Published: June 2023

Gene fusions caused by cytogenetic aberrations play important roles in the initiation and progression of cancers. The recurrent MTAP-ANRIL fusion gene was reported to have a frequency of greater than 7% in melanoma in our previous study. However, its functions remain unclear. Truncated MTAP proteins resulting from point mutations in the last three exons of MTAP can physically interact with the wild-type MTAP protein, a tumor suppressor in several human cancers. Similarly, MTAP-ANRIL, which is translated into a truncated MTAP protein, would influence wild-type MTAP to act as an oncogene. Here, we found that MTAP-ANRIL gene fusion downregulated the expression of wild-type MTAP and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like process through the activation of JNK and p38 MAPKs in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that MTAP-ANRIL is a potential molecular prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma.
Insights into the photovoltaic properties of indium sulfide as an electron transport material in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Dastan Davoud , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Al-Mousoi Ali K. , Kumar Anjan , Salih Sinan Q. , JosephNg P. S. , Ahmed Duha S. , Pandey Rahul , Yaseen Zaher Mundher , Hossain M. Khalid
Published: June 2023

According to recent reports, planar structure-based organometallic perovskite solar cells (OPSCs) have achieved remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE), making them very competitive with the more traditional silicon photovoltaics. A complete understanding of OPSCs and their individual parts is still necessary for further enhancement in PCE. In this work, indium sulfide (In2S3)-based planar heterojunction OPSCs were proposed and simulated with the SCAPS (a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator)-1D programme. Initially, OPSC performance was calibrated with the experimentally fabricated architecture (FTO/In2S3/MAPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au) to evaluate the optimum parameters of each layer. The numerical calculations showed a significant dependence of PCE on the thickness and defect density of the MAPbI3 absorber material. The results showed that as the perovskite layer thickness increased, the PCE improved gradually but subsequently reached a maximum at thicknesses greater than 500 nm. Moreover, parameters involving the series resistance as well as the shunt resistance were recognized to affect the performance of the OPSC. Most importantly, a champion PCE of over 20% was yielded under the optimistic simulation conditions. Overall, the OPSC performed better between 20 and 30 °C, and its efficiency rapidly decreases above that temperature.
Production of novel Rieske dioxygenase metabolites enabled by enzyme engineering
Authors: Osifalujo Elizabeth A. , Rutkowski Bailey N. , Satterwhite Louis R. , Betts Phillip C. , Nkosi Angel K. , Froese Jordan T.
Published: June 2023

Rational engineering of toluene dioxygenase expands the substrate scope of this enzyme, enabling the production of new, amide-functionalized chiral metabolites.
Binaphthol derivatives as catalysts for visible light induced aryl halide derivatizations
Authors: Zhao Zhenghua , Liu Mingjie , Zhou Kai , Shen Yajing , Hong Longcheng , Bao Zongbi , Yang Qiwei , Ren Qilong , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: June 2023

Aryl halide derivatizations photocatalyzed by binaphthol derivatives under visible light irradiation.
How can chokeberry (Aronia) (poly)phenol-rich supplementation help athletes? A systematic review of human clinical trials
Authors: Zare Reza , Kimble Rachel , Ali Redha Ali , Cerullo Giuseppe , Clifford Tom
Published: June 2023

Athletes are increasingly consuming (poly)phenol supplements to modify oxidative stress and/or exercise-induced inflammation, in the hope that this will enhance exercise performance.
Nanoscale chemical patterning of graphite at different length scales
Authors: Rahul Sasikumar , Rodríguez González Miriam C. , Hirose Shingo , Kaneko Hiromasa , Tahara Kazukuni , Mali Kunal S. , De Feyter Steven
Published: June 2023

A combination of covalent and non-covalent strategy was used to achieve nanoscale chemical patterning of graphite at multiple length scales: few hundred nanometer circular patterns interspersed with sub-10 nm linear arrays.
Flexible Te/PEDOT:PSS thin films with high thermoelectric power factor and their application as flexible temperature sensors
Authors: Li Ming , Xiong Yucheng , Wei Haoxiang , Yao Fengju , Han Yang , Du Yanjun , Xu Dongyan
Published: June 2023

A thermoelectric power factor of 149 μW m−1 K−2 was achieved for a flexible Te/PEDOT:PSS thin film via hot pressing. Flexible temperature sensors were developed based on the composite film, which endowed a mechanical claw with thermal sensation.
Cyclopolymerization: a versatile approach toward multicyclic polystyrene and polystyrene-containing multicyclic copolymers
Authors: Ebii Yamato , Mato Yoshinobu , Li Feng , Tajima Kenji , Yamamoto Takuya , Isono Takuya , Satoh Toshifumi
Published: June 2023

Macromolecules with cyclic topologies have attracted significant attention because of their unique structures.
Synthesis and self-assembly of hyperbranched multiarm copolymer peptide conjugates based on light-induced metal-free ATRP
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhao Rong , Qin Yan , Yi Jianguo , Zhang Jimin , Chen Xiaoai
Published: June 2023

Light-induced metal-free ATRP was applied in the preparation of the hyperbranched multiarm copolymer peptide conjugates, which can self-assemble into monolayer or bilayer vesicles depending on the degree of branching of the hyperbranched copolymer.
Shape tunability of copper nanocrystals deposited on nanorods
Authors: Chen Yuexing , Amirav Lilac
Published: June 2023

Metallic Cu tips with tunable and well controlled geometrical shape, which include spherical, elliptic, and cubic forms, are selectively grown at one end of the highly active CdSe@CdS nanorod photocatalytic system, while overcoming cation exchange.
Oxygen transfer reactivity mediated by nickel perfluoroalkyl complexes using molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant
Authors: Deolka Shubham , Govindarajan R. , Khaskin Eugene , Vasylevskyi Serhii , Bahri Janet , Fayzullin Robert R. , Roy Michael C. , Khusnutdinova Julia R.
Published: June 2023

Aerobic oxidation of long-chain perfluoroalkyl Ni complexes results in O-atom transfer to form perfluorocarboxylates via high valent Ni; in the presence of external substrate, oxygenation of phosphines, sulfides, stilbenes or alcohols occurs.
Speech Prosody and Reading Comprehension in Chinese–English Bilingual Children: The Mediating Role of Syntactic Awareness
Authors: Tong Xiuhong , Deng Qinli , Tong Shelley Xiuli
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Although children's prosodic sensitivity links with their reading comprehension, the factors affecting this link remain unclear. By simultaneously measuring first language (L1) Chinese and second language (L2) English prosodic sensitivity and reading comprehension, this study examined the mediating role of syntactic awareness on prosody–reading comprehension among Hong Kong Chinese–English bilingual children.

Method:

A group of 227 Hong Kong Chinese–English bilingual fourth graders completed L1 and L2 prosodic sensitivity (Cantonese lexical tone awareness and English prosodic sensitivity), syntactic awareness, and reading comprehension and control measures of cognitive (nonverbal IQ, short-term memory, and working memory), metalinguistic (phonological awareness and morphological awareness), linguistic (vocabulary knowledge), and word reading skills.

Results:

The within-language analyses showed a partial mediation effect of Chinese syntactic awareness on the relation between Cantonese lexical tone awareness and Chinese reading comprehension, but a full mediation effect of English syntactic awareness on the relation between English prosodic sensitivity and English reading comprehension. The cross-language analyses revealed a significant direct effect of Cantonese lexical tone awareness on English reading comprehension and a significant indirect effect of English prosodic sensitivity on Chinese reading comprehension via Chinese syntactic awareness.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that, despite the language-independent mediating role of syntactic awareness in bridging prosody and reading comprehension, the degree of this mediation is shaped by language-specific prosody and its relations with other linguistic structures, including semantics.
Optimization and mechanical characterization of casein and seaweed resin with hemp reinforcement: A review
Authors: Mettu Abhinav Reddy , Pradeep Nagapuri , Shashivardhan Orugala , Lakshmi A. Anitha
Published: June 2023

Plastic is a versatile material used in many products, but its production with petroleum-based materials has harmful environmental consequences. To address this issue, sustainable and biodegradable alternatives like hemp plastic are needed. Hemp plastic is made solely from hemp plants, which absorb four times more atmospheric carbon dioxide than other plants, making it an ideal solution. Additionally, hemp fiber is more durable than the standard fiber used in conventional plastic production. Casein, a naturally occurring protein in milk, can also be used to create biodegradable polymers for small items. Seaweed produces polysaccharides that can be used as a biomaterial or binding agent for creating bioplastics. In this project, hemp composites reinforced with casein and seaweed are created and characterized to evaluate their mechanical and chemical properties. These sustainable and biodegradable materials can replace petroleum-based plastics, minimizing their negative environmental impact.
Evaluation of Tensile Properties Using Uni-Axial Testing and Correlation with Microstructure of AA2014 alloy
Authors: Satyanarayana Kosaraju , Kumar Peddi Manoj , Kumar Jangam Shanthi , Kalyan Pampari , Kiran Kumkuma Raj , Kolli Murahari , Gatea M. Abdulfadhil , Rawat Amar Jeet
Published: June 2023

AA2014 is most widely used metal among the aluminium alloy series due to its exceptional corrosion resistance, low density rate, and it can maintain high strength and toughness at various temperatures. So, these materials have their application in the aerospace, military and the automotive sector. The present work focuses on evaluating the mechanical properties such as ultimate Tensile strength (UTS), Yield strength (YS), and percentage of elongation using Uniaxial Tensile test. The three controllable factors used in the present study are temperature ranging from 200 to 300°C with 50°C increment, orientation 0,45,90 degree relative to the rolling direction and strain rate 0.001,0.01 and 0.1mm/sec. A total of 27 experiments were planned and conducted based on the design of experiments. Experimental results show that with increase in strain rate increasing of material properties furthermore with increase in temperature decrease of material properties and increase in the percentage of elongation was observed. In addition to that ANOVA analysis was carried out and noticed that strain rate is most effecting parameter for UTS and temperature is most effecting parameter for YS and percentage elongation. The fracture specimens from uniaxial test are investigated for type of fracture through microstructural studies
The Roles of Surfactant in Tribology Applications of Recent Technology: An overview
Authors: Adetunla Adedotun , Afolalu Sunday , Jen Tien-Chien , Ogundana Ayodele
Published: June 2023

In managing friction, wear, and lubricant qualities such as emulsification, demulsification, bio resistance, oxidation resistance, rust prevention, and corrosion resistance, surfactants play a crucial role in tribology. This is an important topic for the development of new materials and gadgets, particularly those created at the Nano-scale. The tribological characteristics of cutting fluids, lubricant performance in relation to steel surfaces, bio lubricants, and novel materials and approaches to friction and wear reduction will all be covered in this most recent edition. Numerous industries place a high priority on surface science and tribology. Almost all consumer and industrial products are manufactured and used with the aid of sophisticated surface and tribological knowledge. Amphiphilic molecules are those that function as surface-active agents or surfactants. Their tails are hydrophobic while their heads are polar, or hydrophilic. They are dispersible in both water and organic solvents. This article introduces surfactants’ nature and physical traits with a focus on their importance in modern science and technology. The primary property of surfactant molecules is the ability to self-assemble into micelles, which gives us a way to apply surfactants. The study of the surfactants results in a number of practical application areas, including food, health and personal care goods, biological systems, mineral and petroleum processing, and even nanotechnology. The organisms, food manufacturing, crop protection, personal care products, mineral and petroleum processing, and other practical application areas serve as examples of what these in turn give rise to a range of operational application domains.
Development of a Magnetically Levitating Flywheel Generator
Authors: Akande Saheed , Adetunla Adedotun , Chinedu Ezefuna , Azeez Temitayo
Published: June 2023

The energy sector has been at a crossroads for a rather long period of time when it comes to storage and use of its energy. The purpose of this study is to build a system that can store and disseminate energy in a simple and affordable way, which can be improved with more research with this study serving as a foundation. For this study, energy generation and even control engineering was integrated with the field of material science by evaluating the energy storage in the said material. After the completion of the bearing system, the flywheel levitated at about 20mm above the assembly area and it spins for a relatively long period of about 25s by producing a kinetic energy of 35J at an rpm of 320. This newly developed alternative way of generating electricity by using kinetic energy produces 10v of electricity. This study provides an insight of magnetism in bearing systems for the next evolution of renewable energy.
Information Retrieval Based Solutions for Software Engineering Tasks Using C Codebases
Authors: Nishitha D. , Naveena S. , Vasavi J. , Trsiha N. , Charitha K. , Raju N.V. Ganapathi
Published: June 2023

Comments are descriptions of laws that a human can understand fluently. It’s easier to identify important law blocks with comments. But, not everyone can write the comments duly. They aren’t streamlined along with the law. Having outdated comments in the law can affect confusion rather than explanation. This paper aims at removing comments which aren’t related to code and not useful using Natural Language Processing( NLP). NLP has come one of the most habituated ways in the analysis of textbooks. In NLP, comments are written from the surrounding code given, and Machine Learning algorithms are applied. A semantic analysis frame for comments using textual and structural features grounded on comment orders and code–comment correlation. A machine learning approach is used to determine whether comments are also consistent and not superfluous based on code and comment correlation.
Probabilistic stability analysis of narasimharaya sagar earthen dam by using geo-studio software
Authors: Vivekananda Sankarpana , Rao Chappidi Hanumantha
Published: June 2023

Since every potential failure scenario might result in significant losses in both lives and property, the construction of dams needs extensive research to ensure the safety and feasibility of these large engineering structures. In this article, the Analyses should be performed upon specifically to evaluate seepage, slope stability, and soil liquefaction of significant earthen dam. A numerical technique employing the finite element method (FEM) was used in this article. Finite element software (GEO-STUDIO 2022) was used to carry out both steady-state and transient seepage analyses and pseudo-static ground motion That deals with the present work behavior of the Narasimharaya Sagar (Gorakallu Balancing Reservoir) earthen dam which is in the earthquake prone area of Zone II (as per IS 1893-2002).Geostudio 2022’s SLOPE/W, SEEP/W, and QUAKE/W tools examine the stability characteristics slope, seepage, and earthquake (finite element modelling based software). The model with the reservoir at full capacity is initially examined using SEEP/W to identify the piezometric line, which serves as the foundation for SLOPE/W to determine slope stability. Afterwards, it is exposed to a 0.1 peak ground acceleration earthquake motion using QUAKE/W to know its dynamic stability.
Grid-Interfaced Solar PV Powered System for Electric Vehicle Battery Application
Authors: Pakkiraiah B. , Madhav P. , Vishnu R. , Nitish Kumar O. , Nithish E. , Ravikanth P.
Published: June 2023

The main aim of the project is to develop a system to charge the electric vehicle battery continuously and to control the three phase grid system. The perturb and observe method is used to get the maximum power from the solar PV array. The electric vehicle battery is connected at bi directional converter at the DC link and the Dc link is also connected at to the voltage source converter, this electric vehicle battery gets charged at low load demand and discharged at high load demand. This converter usually maintains the maximum power at the DC link by this the electric vehicle battery can be charged by taking a low rated battery to store energy of extra power. An adaptive recursive digital filter is used in better way to the maximum results with grid-connected solar PV-Electric vehicle battery system. The system with recursive filter control is controllable when the solar insolation is changing and load demand change. VSC works efficiently without any disturbance under no solar power generation and transfers the reactive power to the grid. The project is done with the help of simulation in MATLAB and test results on a hardware prototype is done through both in steady state conditions and dynamic conditions.
A study on structural behaviour and vibrational characteristics of a go-kart chassis
Authors: Kumar Sammangi Dileep , Yadav Kayathi Lokesh , Kanaparthi Jayadeep , Kutcherlapati Raja Abhishek Varma , Sarimalla Rambabu
Published: June 2023

A go-kart is a four-wheel drive that lacks a suspension system and differential unit due to the very low ground clearance usually employed for Formula E or Formula 1 racing. Due to the absence of a suspension system, the chassis of the go-kart should be rigid and strong enough to withstand the impact loads, as well as other support equipment. The present research focused on the design, material selection, and structural and vibrational analysis on the go-kart chassis. For this, the chassis is designed with suitable dimensions and materials. In this, the chassis is modelled by using CATIA V5 software and performed static structural and vibrational analysis by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) ANSYS software. The chassis was designed with Circular pipes with a diameter of about 26.4 mm with a 4 mm pipe thickness made of AISI 1018, AISI 1026, AISI 4130, and structural steel were chosen due to their superior mechanical properties to perform the finite element analysis to find the total deflection, equivalent stress, factor of safety and first six mode shapes of the chassis configuration.
Optimization and Analysis of Female Foot Anthropometry
Authors: Monye Stella I. , Afolalu Sunday A. , Kayode Joseph F. , Lawal Sunday L. , Emetere Moses E.
Published: June 2023

The dynamic nature of the population makes it necessary to have reliable and updated data on the human foot dimensions. Many factors are responsible for the different forms and structures of the human foot, such as age, gender, nutrition, and genetic composition, among others. This study was carried out to optimize and analyse the various foot dimensions of the female subjects. A total of 200 female subjects participated willingly in the study, and 27-foot measurements were obtained. The results revealed the mean foot length to be 24.7cm with an SD of 1.2 while the mean foot breadth was obtained as 9.3cm having an SD of 0.6cm. The mean obtained was 58.7kg having a standard deviation of 12.5. From the findings, it can be concluded that a statistically significant correlation exists between foot length and body weight (p<0.001), with the value being r = 0.48 and also that for foot breadth and body weight being(r = 0.49). These findings were compared to those from other studies, and it was concluded that the variation in the values could be due to environmental, ethnic, and racial differences.
Image-based Driver Alert System for Prevention of Fatigue-related Accidents
Authors: Reddy G. Vijendar , Krishna P. Gopala , Sukanya L. , Sri Harsha K. , Vardhan N. Harsha , Arun V.
Published: June 2023

The objective of this project is to design a driver unconsciousness detection system using image processing to detect drowsiness and unconsciousness in drivers, thereby preventing accidents resulting from driver fatigue. Driver fatigue is a serious road safety issue, with approximately 20% of all road accidents attributed to this cause. Conventional drowsiness detection systems rely on physiological monitoring, which can be unreliable, expensive, and challenging to implement and maintain. In contrast, the proposed system monitors a sequence of images to identify facial and behavioral patterns indicative of drowsiness or unconsciousness. By detecting facial landmark points and analyzing the duration of eye closure, the system can accurately classify the driver’s state and take appropriate measures such as reducing the vehicle’s speed and alerting emergency services of the driver’s geo-location. The successful implementation of this system holds immense potential for substantially reducing the number of accidents resulting from driver fatigue, thereby mitigating the loss of lives and injuries.
Easy Agriculture: Crops’ disease detection, pesticide, fertilizer and crop recommendations
Authors: Kolagani Ravikiran , Reddy Venkatram Jagadeeshwar , Kemmasaram Varshith , Sai Ravilla Gagan , Vadla Vishwateja , Reddy Julakanti Sai Ketan
Published: June 2023

Around the world due to pests and pathogens almost 50% of the agricultural produce is lost which is so alarming given the fact that many people die everyday due to starvation in poor nations. Crop diseases disturb the normal growth and physiological processes. It is estimated that every year 20-40% of crop loss is reported and, in some cases, whole production gets destroyed. So, to produce higher yield and for sustainable agriculture it is important to identify any diseases from the early stage itself. Technology can do a great help in this cause to detect plant disease by using various AI techniques. It is also important to recommend proper pesticides for the persisting disease. The model proposed is based upon a 9 layer resnet deep learning algorithm that takes in present time images of various crops and detects the disease & also recommends the suitable pesticide. Plant Village Dataset taken from Kaggle comprising 87000 images (38 Classes,13 Crops) is used. A custom dataset is also built consisting of disease-description-measures to be taken-pesticide or fertilizer to be used. The end system developed also has two other models integrated that are used for crop and fertilizer recommendations. They are built using the Random Forest Classifier algorithm and a parameter conditional statements function.
Indian sign language recognition using convolution neural network
Authors: L Sukanya , E Tharun , G Anup Raj , T Shreyas Singh , S Srinivas
Published: June 2023

The goal of the project is to create a machine learning model that can classify the numerous hand motions used in sign language fingerspelling. Communication with deaf and dumb persons is frequently difficult. A variety of hand, finger, and arm motions that assist the deaf and hard of hearing in communicating with others and vice versa. Classification machine learning algorithms are taught on a set of image data in this userindependent model, and testing is done on a completely other set of data. For some people with particular needs, sign language is their only means of communicating their thoughts and feelings. It enables individuals to understand the world around them by visual descriptions and hence contribute to society. As a result, our model aids us in solving the problem more broadly. By watching the user’s hand gestures, this transforms sign language to regular words.
Hand gesture recognition and voice conversion for deaf and Dumb
Authors: Mopidevi Suneetha , Biradhar Shivananda , Bobberla Neha , Buddati Kiran Sai
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we purpose a Hand gesture recognition model which can be used in real time application. This model is based on the mediapipe frame work of the google, Tensor flow in openCv and python and classification using feed forward neural network with keras model. The structure of the proposed work consists of 3 modules: Grabbing the frames, detecting hand landmarks and classification. The proposed model has the accuracy 95.7% at recognizing 10 kinds of hand gestures(Thumbs up, Thumbs down, Peace, Smile, Rock, Ok, Fist, livelong, call me, stop). A hand gesture recognition model that reacts rapidly and with generally acceptable accuracy is one of this work’s primary achievements and pre trained model for feature extraction. The unique approach of the suggested approach is that it detects hand landmarks using Google’s MediaPipe, which is faster and more accurate than traditional methods that rely on geometry, form, and edge data. For modelling sequence data and for recognising gestures, the LSTM model has proven to be quite successful.
Anomaly Detection in Solar Modules with Infrared Imagery
Authors: V Ganapathi Raju N. , G Sai Narayana , A Raja Sai , G Vishnu Vardhan Rao , Ch Yashwanth Reddy
Published: June 2023

Image classification is a machine learning task that involves assigning a label or class to an input image. In the context of the Infrared Solar Modules dataset, image classification can be used to identify anomalies in solar panel imagery. To achieve this goal, A convolutional neural network (CNN) model trained from scratch and fine-tuned on the Infrared Solar Modules dataset from ai4earthscience. Model includes techniques such as dropout and image data generation to enhance its accuracy on this specific dataset. With these methods, Model can achieve high accuracy in identifying solar panel anomalies even with low-size images.
Design of T-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication
Authors: Malothu Charan , Mandavakurity Sai Prasanthi , Raghavender Motupalli Sai Janardhan , Shilpa B.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we have designed a T-Shaped ridged Rectangular Microstrip patch wideband. antenna for wireless communication applications. This project designed a planar T-Slotted Microstrip patch antenna for millimeter wave wireless communication at 55GHz.CST SOFTWARE was used to analyze the antenna’s performance, which showed a low return loss of -19.13dB, a VSWR of 1.248, and a gain of 6.821dB. The antenna’s compact size and compatibility with wireless technology make it a promising choice for modern communication systems.
An overview of nanotechnology and its potential risk
Authors: Afolalu Sunday A. , Kayode Joseph F. , Monye Stella I. , Lawal Sunday L. , Ikumapayi Omolayo M.
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology has vastly been investigated due to its potential to increase the field of biotechnology and medical advances. Though, regulatory agencies such as FDA oversee the emerging field of nanotechnology through legislative arrangements. Mechanistic knowledge of nanostructure material behavior in the human body, animals, and environment is significant. This paper investigated the role of nanotechnology and its relevant development and improvement in science. Likewise, it exposes or brings to the limelight the threats associated with nanoparticles and their application in various fields of study, most especially the alarming effects on humans, animals, and the environment when inhaled or consumed in the form of nano-medicine, food, etc
Bio-Waste as an Enhancement Additive for Nano-Flux Powder in Welding- An Overview
Authors: Afolalu Sunday A. , Ikumapayi Omolayo M. , Monye Stella I. , Kayode Joseph F. , Ogedengbe Temitayo S. , Lawal Sunday L. , Akinlabi Esther T.
Published: June 2023

Oxyacetylene welding is quite a novel technique of connecting metals with each other that was developed to address the drawbacks of other welding techniques. The use of chemical compounds known as fluxes in the welding process does this, resulting in improved weld characteristics and increased weld depth. Recently, the use of agro-wastes as alternate fluxes has received keen interest from researchers. This is partly because agro-wastes recycling facilitates cleaner environments and could be cheaper. In this study, a critical review was carried out on some particular types and properties of welding. The review also considers the assessments carried out on welded joints and the use of agro-waste.
Face Recognition and Raspberry Pi Powered Smart Door Unlocking System
Authors: Kumar Y. Jeevan Nagendra , Kumar G. Shiva , Rishik Kurikelly , Chaitanya D. Dinesh , Charan Sri
Published: June 2023

Security plays a major role in the well-being of people. It is not possible to hire a security guard in person and always ensure his presence on our premises. It is an inefficient investment. The main role of security personnel is to stay on patrol, monitor, inspect and defend against any breach of security. A smart lock is an electromechanical lock that allows entry based on the authorization device that gives it instructions to lock and unlock. This system is proved to be inefficient as well These locks are either based on Pin, Bluetooth, WIFI. We propose a smart locking system that unlocks based upon face recognition that pic up specific, distinctive details about a person’s face. This is a powerful library that can run even by taking up a single picture of the person provided that the facial features are distinctly identified. The model is proven to be reaching accuracy levels of 99.7% according to the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). The database is stored on the cloud consisting of all the authorized personnel that can pass through the door. The client holds the power of customizing the entry and exit of an individual through an application on his mobile.
Efficient Image Transmission Over OFDM Channel with Energy Conservation and LS Channel Estimation with Various Modulation Schemes
Authors: Shilpa Bagade , Murthy Chellu Srirama , Allanki Aishwarya , Satwik Bobbala
Published: June 2023

To send data like text, images, music, and videos, packetization procedures are commonly used in communication apps. Just a portion of carriers in OFDM systems may be suitable for transmitting images due to channel fading. To reduce high channel errors at the receiver, the transmitter can proactively map descriptions onto good subcarriers and delete remaining descriptions if it has access to channel status information. In this study, discrete wavelet processing as an energy-saving approach for transmitting compressed image frames via OFDM channels. By utilizing one-bit channel status information at the transmitter, the descriptions are sorted and allocated to high-quality channels in a descending order of importance. To conserve energy, faulty sub-channel descriptions are removed at the transmitter. In this project, image transmission across OFDM channels is packetized to enable efficient data transfer while minimizing energy consumption. We also use the LS Channel estimation method to get a more accurate channel estimate with different modulation schemes and SNR. We obtained energy savings of up to 38% and improved channel estimation with various modulation schemes by utilizing MATLAB simulations to test on a variety of modulation schemes and channel SNR ratios.
Design of Microstrip Rectangular 8x1 Patch Array Antenna for WiMAX Application
Authors: Sai Geethika Sunkavalli , Kethan Etyala , Rishika Pilli , Mounica Machunoori
Published: June 2023

In our daily lives, wireless communications are becoming increasingly significant. The antennas needed for these applications should be light weight, conveniently mountable, and have a broad bandwidth due to the rise in data rates and a tendency of tiny electronic devices for wireless digital applications. These requirements can be met by Microstrip Array Antennas. In this paper, the rectangular microstrip patch array antenna of frequency 2.5-3.5Ghz for WIMAX applications is designed in computer stimulation tool (CST). The antenna is fabricated using FR-4 Substrate material. The designed antenna’s performance is analysed in terms of voltage VSWR, s-parameters, radiation pattern, gain, directivity.
Effects of Salt Bath Nitriding Process on AISI 309 Stainless Steel
Authors: Madeva Naik Santosh , Mahatme Upendra , Iyyappan M. , Ramesh Babu J. , Bala Gopala Krishna Reddy M. , Naga Malleswara Rao D.S. , Subbiah Ram
Published: June 2023

AISI309 stainless steel is a type of austenitic stainless steel that contains a high percentage of chromium and nickel, along with a small amount of manganese. It is designed to be used in high-temperature applications, such as in furnace parts and heat exchangers. Low temperature salt bath nitriding process was carried out on AISI 309 stainless steel at 550°C for time duration of 80, 160 and 240 minutes. The characteristics of the nitride surface were thoroughly assessed. The microstructure and phase components of the nitrided surface revealed a hardened layer of chromium nitride and iron nitride on the specimen surface. The case depth and the surface hardness were strongly influenced by the alloying components. To analyze the wear, a pin on disc machine was utilized and the wear test was carried out. From the wear test, wear loss were determined. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the variation between loss of material and the base material. A specimen which is untreated is kept aside and comparisons of results were done with nitrided samples.