bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revitalizing Communities: Proposing Mosque-Driven Circular Economy Empowerment Model
Authors: Mutmainah Lu'liyatul , Andani Listia , Susilawati Ela
Published: July 2024

The mosque has so far been known only as a place of worship such as prayer and recitation by Muslims. History records that during the time of the Prophet, the mosque was also the center of government, economic center, education center, and others. Some mosques are also tourist areas that provide more economic value so that they can improve people's welfare. However, tourist areas often cause problems related to waste, water use, and others. Understanding of the circular economy that can provide sustainable benefits is still not widely known and implemented, including for managing mosques. This study aims to analyze and propose an optimization model for mosque-based circular economic empowerment to achieve a sustainable economy. The research uses a qualitative approach with literature studies and in-depth interviews with related parties. The results of the study show that empowering mosques based on a circular economy will not only have a positive impact on places of worship but also the economic, social, and environmental sectors. For example, managed mosque waste can provide economic value. In addition, the use of ablution water can be reused for land irrigation and fish farming. The synergy between the government, universities, communities, and the industrial world can be carried out to implement this mosque-based circular economy. The results of this study can be used as a basis for recommendations and a pilot project for implementing mosque-based circular economic empowerment.
Zakat vs Tax: A Maqasid Sharia Perspective
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Rifky , Mukhlisin Murniati , Azid Toseef
Published: July 2024

This study explores the comparison between zakat and tax within the framework of maqasid sharia perspective.  Specifically, this study compares zakat and tax in terms of how effectively each system fulfills the objectives (maqasid ) of sharia such as hifz al-mal (protection of wealth), islah (rectification), hifz al-nafs (salvation of the soul), and 'adl (social justice). It aims to evaluate the extent of the impact of zakat and tax implementation on wealth distribution, poverty elimination, and the establishment of a just economic structure. Through a comprehensive analytical approach, this study evaluates the contribution of each instrument towards the realization of these objectives. A qualitative approach and a thematic literature review is adopted to explore evidences related to zakat vs tax from a maqasid sharia perspective. The result shows that zakat proves to be an effective tool in supporting equitable wealth distribution and social safety, while taxes provide consistent funding for public services. However, challenges such as compliance, transparency and fairness remain a critical focus. This research provides important insights into how the implementation of zakat and tax can be optimized to achieve the desired balance within the maqasid sharia framework.
The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction on the Effect of Employee Retention and Job Loyalty on Employee Performance at Pt. Cipta Karya Mandiri
Authors: Yana Rina Loli ,   Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia, Loliyani Rini , Isabella Astrid Aprica ,   Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia,   Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

The success of a company can be seen from the employee performance in the company. Employee job satisfaction is an indicator of the success or failure of a company. PT.Cipta Karya Mandiri is a company that operates in the financial savings and loans sector. The employee of PT.Cipta Karya Mandiri in 2024 are 94 people. The sample was taken using census techniques as many as 94 people. The analysis techniques used are the classical assumption test, hypothesis test, multiple linear regression test and Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) test. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that employee retention has a significant effect on employee performance, and employee loyalty has a significant effect on employee performance partially and employee retention and employee loyalty have a significant effect on employee performance simultaneously. Meanwhile, job satisfaction can mediate employee retention and employee loyalty towards employee performance simultaneously. The better employee retention and employee loyalty, the greater employee commitment and performance. The implications of this research that it is necessary to pay attention to employee retention, work loyalty and employee satisfaction in order to improve employee performance. For further research, it is recommended to add other variables that affect employee performance.
The Mediating Role of Work Commitment on the Effect of Organizational Culture and Leadership on Employee Performance at Pt. Jaya Abadi Library
Authors: Yani Rini Loli ,   Fakultas Bisnis, Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia, Loliyana Rina , Enzovani Senna , Qodri Lailatul ,   Fakultas Bisnis, Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia,   Fakultas Bisnis, Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia,   Fakultas Bisnis, Universitas Mitra Indonesia, Lampung, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of organizational culture and leadership on employee performance with work commitment as a mediating variable. This research used a sample of 86 respondents. The analysis techniques used are the classical assumption test, hypothesis test, multiple linear regression test and Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) test. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that Organizational Culture has a significant effect on Employee Performance partially, and Leadership has a significant effect on Employee Performance partially and Organizational Culture and Leadership have a significant effect on Employee Performance simultaneously. Meanwhile, work commitment can mediate organizational culture and leadership on employee performance simultaneously. The better the organizational culture and leadership that is formed and implemented in the company, the more employee commitment and performance can be increased. So it is hoped that companies can make efforts to create and establish regulations for implementing the vision and mission that can create a positive organizational culture and leadership, carry out regular supervision so that they can find out the extent of employee commitment in carrying out their duties, with the aim of increasing employee performance.
THE DESIGN INNOVATION WITH A BIOPHILIC APPROACH TO SUPPORT THE TEMPORARY CONVERSION OF STUDENT DORMITORY AS A COVID-19 ISOLATION SHELTER
Authors: Wirania Swasty , Arnanti Primiana Yuniati , Ariesa Farida , Bijaksana Prabawa , Andrieta Shintia Dewi
Published: July 2024

The increasing number of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) cases in Bandung, Indonesia,
in July 2021 resulted in a higher hospital bed occupancy rate. The conversion of two student dormitory buildings into isolation shelters is expected to accommodate COVID-19 patients who do not have rooms in the hospital. This requires specific planning and innovation, particularly for materials. This study has two objectives: first, to evaluate how long coronaviruses can remain active on different material surfaces. The data collection strategy was carried out through Systematic Review. The second research objective was to design a COVID-19 isolation room that uses materials that facilitate the healing process. Field surveys and traditional literature reviews were conducted for this purpose. This study found that the virus did not survive long on the surfaces of cotton and cardboard. Thus, the room design uses these materials and is considered
a biophilic design. This study is expected to provide insights for academics and researchers in interior design and architecture regarding the knowledge of furniture materials that prevent viruses from surviving longer. In addition, it is expected to inspire interior designers to design rooms that can help the healing process using a biophilic approach.
Modern Irak Devleti’nin Oluşum Sürecinde Türkmenlerin Durumuna Dair Tarihi Bir Analiz
Authors: Aslan Hussein Abbas Ali Mohammed
Published: July 2024

Özet
Türkmenler Irak’ın Arap ve Kürtlerden sonra önde gelen bileşenlerinden biri olup, Modern Irak’ın ortaya çıkış sürecinde olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerini yaşadıkları çeşitli siyasi süreçlerden geçmişlerdir. Modern Irak devletinin oluşumda ve gelişmesinde önemli bir yere sahip olan bu süreçler, Türkmenlerin sosyolojik yapısında da etkili olmuştur. Çalışmada, 20. Yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinden günümüze kadar geçen dönemlerde, Türkmenlerin yaşadıkları deneyimin Türkmen sosyolojisi ve siyaseti üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Türkmenlere karşı uygulanan baskıların, yeni bir siyasi strateji belirleme gerekliliği konusunda itici güç olduğu tespit edilmiş ve Irak’ta Türkmen varlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesine ilişkin bazı tespitlerde bulunulmuştur.
الدور الفرنسي في المغرب الكبير: قراءة من منظور واقعيّ
Authors: Stati Zineddine استاتي زين الدين Elhabib الحبيب
Published: July 2024

ينزع الواقعيون إلى تجريد البلدان المغاربية، بحجة ضعف قدراتها الاقتصادية والعسكرية وهشاشة أوضاعها السياسية وعمق خلافاتها، من إمكانية الفعل والتأثير الكبير في ميزان القوى الدولي، مقابل الاعتراف بقدرات الدول الأوروبية والغربية، باعتبارها، في اعتقادهم، جهات فاعلة عقلانية، قويّة وذات مصالح قارة ومحددة تدفع بها نحو اتخاذ القرار بحسب ما تمليه، في الأساس، تفضيلاتها التجارية والأمنية. ولأن الأطروحات الواقعية محصورة "داخل الصندوق الغربي"، وتتبنى، انسجاما مع مركزيته، التفسير النخبوي للتفاعل بين دول الشمال والجنوب التي يفترضون دائما أنها تابعة في النظام الدولي ولا دور أو أهمية لها خارج نطاق حدود علاقاتها بالقوى العظمى من جانب، وبعيدا من الثروات الطبيعية لبعضها من جانب آخر، لن نستغرب إذا حظي سلوك فرنسا بالأسبقية من قبل منظريها، وتجاهلوا مواقف وردود فعل الدول المغاربية في هذه اللعبة بالاعتماد على مقياس القوة. ثمة عدة أسانيد تعزز هذا المنطق في السلوك الخارجي للدول المغاربية وأثر الاستقطاب الدولي فيه، على نحو يجعل التنبؤ بانقطاع فعاليتها التفسيرية في الأمد القريب مجانبا للصواب. لكن في الوقت ذاته وجب التنبيه، وهو أمر يتطلب من باحثي حقل العلاقات الدولية العرب جهدا مضاعفا، إلى التحامل المنحاز في بعض التصورات التي تقوم عليها النظرية الواقعية.
Belajar Melestarikan Tarian Daerah Pada Usia Dini Di PAUD Ar-Rohmah Kampung Dabatan, Misool Selatan
Authors: Nur Galuh Fitriani , Silviyani  , Syalviana Evie
Published: July 2024

Students have a strategic role as part of agents of change. The Field Experience Program (PPL) is a program that is a training venue for applying various knowledge, attitudes and skills in the context of forming professional students. Therefore, students gain generative abilities in the form of life skills. Observations were carried out by means of discussions and direct involvement in the community. Based on the results of observations, it has been determined that the implementation of PPL includes physical and non-physical programs. One of the work programs that has been implemented is preserving regional dances in Dabatan Village, South Misool in 2023. The research method used in this research is descriptive research method. This descriptive research method is aimed at obtaining answers related to the analysis of the implementation of regional dance preservation in 2023 so that the discussion uses descriptive words. Through descriptive research, this research tries to find an appropriate and sufficient description of the implementation. Judging from the implementation of this program, students act as facilitators, dynamists and motivators. This work program was held for one day, starting from November 9 2023, running relatively smoothly. Thus, after the implementation ends, it is hoped that they can foster a sense of love for their respective regional dances, so that negative behavior towards children and teenagers in South Misool can be overcome.
Memperkenalkan Dunia Jurnalistik Melalui Pelatihan Jurnalistik Di SMK Negeri 3 Raja Ampat Kampung Dabatan Misool Selatan
Authors: Fattah Ali Nur
Published: July 2024

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang memperkenalkan dunia jurnalistik melalui pelatihan jurnalisitik di SMK Negeri 3 Raja Ampat Kampung Dabatan, Misool Selatan. Pelatihan ini dibuat untuk ajang dalam memperkenalkan dunia jurnalistik, mengasah kemampuan menulis, membangun daya pikir yang kritis dan membuat informasi berita untuk adik-adik di Kampung Dabatan, Misool Selatan. Pemaparan materi yang disampaikan berupa kode etik jurnalistik, kedua penyampaian materi tentang bahasa indonesia jurnalistik, menggali ide berita dan teknik reportase wawancara, ketiga penyampaian tentang berita, editing atau penyuntingan naskah dan keempat penyampaian materi tentang foto jurnalistik dan jurnalistik online. Dengan adanya pelatihan jurnalistik ini diharapkan juga mampu mengasah kreativitas dan bakat peserta khususnya dalam bidang menulis.
FENOMENA PENGULANGAN KASUS KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DI KELURAHAN PAL PUTIH KOTA SORONG
Authors: Nisa Az-zahra Latifatun , Kurniwati Aisyah Hafidah
Published: July 2024

Acts of domestic violence are human rights violations and are crimes against human dignity and a form of discrimination that must be eliminated. These acts of violence often occur with various factors such as men who are always in power in the household, factors of socioeconomic conditions between the two parties that are unequal, household conditions that are very closed and so on. One aspect of domestic violence that is of particular concern is the repetition of violence. Therefore, appropriate and effective preventive efforts and interventions are needed to overcome this problem.
Preventive efforts can be done through education and socialization about the importance of healthy relationships and avoiding acts of domestic violence. Meanwhile, intervention can be done through strict law enforcement against perpetrators of violence and providing support to victims in order to get out of adverse situations and get physical and psychological recovery.
Automated Early Detection of Plant Diseases a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Nagila Ashish
Published: July 2024

This study introduces an innovative strategy for the early detection of plant diseases leveraging machine learning algorithms, a crucial step towards bolstering global food security. Despite the importance of early disease detection for mitigating crop losses, inadequate infrastructure often hinders swift and accurate identification. This paper addresses these challenges by utilizing the Random Forest algorithm to distinguish between healthy and diseased plant leaves using a specially curated dataset. Our proposed method involves comprehensive phases of dataset creation, feature extraction, classifier training, and subsequent classification. For the extraction of image features, the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) technique is utilized, offering a robust method for image analysis. Embracing the capabilities of publicly accessible, large-scale datasets, our method provides a scalable solution to plant disease detection. The empirical results demonstrate promising levels of accuracy in disease monitoring, presenting transformative potential for disease management practices in agriculture. Particularly in resourceconstrained settings, our machine learning approach paves the way for efficient and effective plant disease detection, carrying significant implications for future crop protection strategies.
Assessing the Adequacy of Contemporary Life and Earth Textbook in Morocco: A Case Study of Blood Glucose Regulation
Authors: RACHIDI FATINE
Published: July 2024

Blood glucose homeostasis is a fundamental concept in biology. Yet, in the Moroccan education system, it is only covered in the 11th grade. This might explain why the majority of students struggle to understand this complex notion. Fingers of blame are also pointed to textbooks and how they didactically (mis)transposed this knowledge from its academic form to its teachable one. In fact, the significance of textbooks in education is indisputable. Hence, analyzing them may provide insights on students (mis)conceptions. In this study, we aim to critically analyze the sections on blood glucose regulation in two widely-used Life and Earth Sciences textbooks in Morocco, intended for students enrolled in the experimental sciences track. To do so, the present study follows the findings and recommendations of the intriguing systematic review of literature by Vojíř & Rusek (2019) which urges for the need for science textbooks research in different local contexts around the globe. In the same vein, the absence of such research in the Moroccan context makes this study an obligation. Methodologically, this study adopted Bernard et al’s.,(2007) contrastive approach. According to our findings, the juxtaposition of these two textbooks reveals several shortcomings, errors, and inconsistencies. By taking the didactic transposition of blood glucose homeostasis into the heart of its exploration, this study –though rooted in its Moroccan context- advocates for a wider applicability of its findings.
चितौड़गढ जिले में सरस डेयरी का विकास
Authors: डॉ. संध्या पठानिया  , सोहनलाल अहीर
Published: July 2024

दुग्ध प्राचीनकाल से ही, जब से मानव सभ्यता पनपी है, तभी से यह मनुष्य के काम आ रहा है। दूध के उत्पाद मक्खन का उल्लेख महाभारत काल में भगवान श्रीकृष्ण के समकालीन मिलता है। भारत का दुग्ध उत्पादन में विश्व में प्रथम स्थान है, जिसका श्रेय डॉ. वर्गीज कुरियन को जाता हैं, जिन्होंने श्वेत क्रान्ति की शुरूआत 1970 ई. में हुई। राजस्थान का दुग्ध उत्पादन में देश में दूसरा स्थान हैं। राजस्थान में डेयरी उद्योग का प्रारम्भ 1971 में हुआ है। राजस्थान में ‘‘राजस्थान सहकारी डेयरी फेडरेशन [RCDF] की स्थापना हुर्इ। सरस डेयरी चितौड़गढ की स्थापना चितौड़गढ-प्रतापगढ़ दुग्ध उत्पादक सहकारी संघ लि. का पंजीकरण 10 जून 2008 को राजस्थान कॉपरेटिव सोसायटी एक्ट 1965 के अन्तर्गत हुई।
प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में आवश्यक सूचनाओं का संकलन प्राथमिक एवं द्वितीयक स्तर पर किया गया। इसमें यह परिकल्पना की गई कि चित्तौड़गढ़ जिले में सरस डेयरी के विकास से दुग्ध उत्पादकों की आर्थिक स्थिति में सुधार हुआ है। इस शोध पत्र में आवश्यकतानुसार सांख्यिकीय विधियों, आरेखों एवं मानचित्रों का प्रयोग किया गया है। सर्वप्रथम चित्तौड़गढ़ जिले की सन् 1991-2021 तक की दुग्ध उत्पादन की स्थिति के बारे में बताया गया है, जिसमें निरन्तर वृद्धि हुई है। इसमें सरस डेयरी की वितरण प्रणाली, बीएमसी की संख्या, संघ के सदस्यों की संख्या तथा डीसीएस की संख्या के बारे में भी बताया गया हैं जिले की दुग्ध की भण्डारण क्षमता का तहसील अनुसार वितरण एवं उस क्षमता का उपयोग करने की दृष्टि से भी वितरण को दर्शाया गया है। संघ द्वारा संचालित प्रोत्साहन हेतु विभिन्न योजनाओं एवं संघ द्वारा बनाये जाने वाले विभिन्न दूग्ध उत्पादों का भी वर्णन किया गया है। परिकल्पना परीक्षण के अनुसार सरस डेयरी से जुड़ने से पशुपालकों की आर्थिक स्थिति में सुधार हुआ है। इस शोध पत्र के निम्न सुझाव है - संघ से सभी पशु पालकों को जोड़ना, गोबर का व्यवसायिक दृष्टि से प्रयोग करना व दूध की कीमतों में बढ़ोतरी करना आदि है।
Pengaruh Tekanan Injeksi Pada Suhu Mould Yang Tidak Sesuai Terhadap Flow Length Material Plastik ABS Dengan Tebal Produk 1MM
Authors: Widjaja Hartono
Published: July 2024

Salah satu contoh material plastik yaitu, ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) yang termasuk ke dalam jenis plastik thermoplastik. Thermoplastik adalah bahan sintetik organik yang dapat melumer saat dipanaskan dan dapat dibentuk dibawah pengaruh tekanan. Pada buku “Molding Simulation : Theory and Practice terdapat tabel reasonable design values for the L/t ratio. Pada tabel tersebut disebutkan bahwa flow length atau panjang mampu alir material ABS dengan tebal produk 1mm adalah 100mm-200mm. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui flow length material ABS pada tekanan injeksi terendah dan tertinggi dengan mould temperature 25 °C (mould temperature material plastik yang benar adalah
50 – 80 °C), mengetahui perbandingan antara hasil trial dengan tabel referensi, mengetahui pengaruh tekanan injeksi terhadap flow length material plastik ABS pada runner panjang dan runner pendek. Berdasarkan kondisi dan parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, dihasilkan bahwa semakin besar tekanan injeksi (injection pressure), flow length yang dihasilkan akan semakin panjang dan suhu mould mempengaruhi flow length yang dihasilkan. Serta agar didapatkan flow length atau mampu alir sesuai dengan tabel reasonable design values for the L/t ratio, maka lebar cetakan produk / specimen yang tepat yaitu untuk runner panjang adalah 7,941 mm dan runner pendek adalah 12,687 mm.
Perancangan Cetakan Injeksi Plastik Two Plate Family Mold Dengan Slider untuk Produk Rahang Atas dan Rahang Bawah Perangkap Tikus Mekanik
Authors: Islameka Metha , Media Riona Ihsan , Gumelar Julfiqi
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan rancangan peralatan pencetak plastik mesin injeksi berdasarkan produk rahang atas dan rahang bawah perangkap tikus mekanik. Kedua produk tersebut dicetak pada satu cetakan yang disebut dengan family mold sehingga memerlukan analisis aliran plastik untuk balancing aliran plastic. Produk rahang atas memiliki bentukan slider pada masing-masing bagian samping. Perhitungan untuk memastikan produk rahang atas ini dapat diejeksi tanpa mengalami kerusakan dilakukan. Software SolidWorks, TopSolid, dan Autocad digunakan untuk proses merancang family mold untuk produk rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Hasil rancangan didokumentasikan berupa gambar susunan dan gambar bagian. Dengan proses perancangan yang telah dilakukan, semua daftar tuntutan telah terpenuhi, rancangan dapat berfungsi dengan baik, dan dihasilkan dokumentasi teknik berupa gambar susunan dan gambar bagian.
A Pendeteksi Produk Dengan Kamera Inspeksi Pada Line Produksi
Authors: Mada Ridwan , Sukarno Setyawan Ajie , Muhammad Hafidhin Affan
Published: July 2024

Sistem pemilihan produk berdasarkan spesifikasi dimensi membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama dan akurasinya menjadi rendah jika lakukan secara manual. Faktor kelelahan operator produksi mengakibatkan menurunkan kualitas kerja, sehingga output produksi menjadi rendah kualitasnya. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut perlu dibuatkan peralatan sortir yang dapat membedakan jenis-jenis produk dengan menggunakan pemantauan kamera inspeksi yang di kontrol dengan Arduino Uno.  Dalam penelitian ini, dirancang sebuah prototype berbentuk konveyor yang dilengkapi dengan kamera (Webcam X6) dan beberapa sensor kedekatan (proximity sensor) untuk memberikan inputan ke Arduino Uno. Fungsi kamera yaitu untuk mendeteksi bentuk produk dengan menggunakan metode Deep Learning Model SSD-MobileNet v2 dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman phyton yang dibantu dengan library TensorFlow dan OpenCV. Hasil dari deteksi produk akan diolah menjadi sinyal input sebagai pengontrol pada Arduino Uno, lalu dilanjutkan untuk mengendalikan solenoid valve pneumatic pada masing-masing produk. Hasil Pembacaan oleh software yaitu untuk mendeteksi benda lingkaran sebesar 92 %, untuk mendeteksi benda segitiga yaitu sekitar 84 %, dan  untuk mendeteksi benda kotak yaitu sekitar 87 %.
Antecedents to Employee Engagement and Moderating Role of Climate for Innovation and Mediating Role of Employee Psychological Wellbeing
Authors: Riaz Fizza ,   OPTIX Pakistan Pvt. Ltd, Karachi, Pakistan, Amen Ume , Asrar Humera , Khalique Muhammad ,   IBHM, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan,   IBHM, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan,   MUST Business School, Mirpur University, Azad Jammu Kashmir, Pakistan
Published: July 2024

Employee engagement is necessary for the growth and sustainability of firms. Many past studies have used different antecedents of employee engagement, including commitment, psychological well-being, and other organizational-related outcomes. However, a few studies have examined the moderating effect of climate for innovation on ESMU and EE. Given its importance, we have developed a conceptual framework that examines the impact of ESMU, EPWB, and EC on EE and the effect of ESMU on EPW. The study also examined the moderating effect of CFI and the mediating effect of EPW. The study has focused on Pakistan’s textile sector. Its employment generation and contribution toward GDP are significantly higher than other industries. Based on the data collected from the targeted textile sector and using smart PLS, we found support for all the hypotheses. The study documents ESMU, EPWB, and EC promote EE. ESMU promotes EPWB. EPWB mediates ESMU and EE. CFI moderates ESMU and EE. The study increased the generalizability of Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (1977), as our results support all the proposed hypotheses. We recommend firms must focus on creating an innovative environment. Employees suggest new ideas about new business processes and innovation in such an environment. New ideas may not always result in innovative products but may increase employee involvement and engagement. Many leading firms have made a policy in which all the employees have to give new ideas perpetually, producing good results. Textile firms in Pakistan may adopt and implement this policy. Therefore, we recommend firms must focus on creating an innovative environment. Employees suggest new ideas about new business processes and innovation in such an environment.
Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction Conditions on Fingerroots (Boesenbergia rotunda) Rhizome and its Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Abdul Aziz Ahmad Hazim , Zulkipli Nur Aini , Putra Nicky Rahmana , Khurun Hizar Sarah Aisyah , Kobun Rovina , Nur Mokhamad , Zaini Ahmad Syahmi , Ahmad Zaini Muhammad Abbas , Mohd Faizal Azrul Nurfaiz , Mamat Hasmadi
Published: July 2024

Fingerroot scientifically known as Boesenbergia rotunda, is a widespread herb in Southeast Asia and South Asia. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of temperature (40 to 60 °C) and time (30 to 60 min) of the fingerroot extract yield and its antioxidant activity using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE). The study compared the performance of UAE with the traditional maceration method in terms of extract yield and antioxidant activity. UAE, recognized as a more advanced and innovative extraction method, demonstrated superior efficiency in terms of being time-saving, cost-effective, and faster than maceration. The optimized UAE conditions were identified at an extraction temperature of 48 °C for 42.1 minutes, resulting in an extract yield of 8.42% and an antioxidant activity of 85.90%. In conclusion, the study affirms that UAE offers a highly effective and efficient approach for extracting valuable compounds from fingerroot, showcasing its potential for applications in various industries.
Sensory Evaluation of Smoked Sardine Coated with Local Spices
Authors: Mohd Azie Awang  , Nurufairah Uslee
Published: July 2024

Sardines refer to a group of fish from the Clupeidae family, including the genera Sardinella, Amblygaster, Decapterus, or Cetengraulis. The sensory evaluation of smoked sardines coated with local spices in this study involved the use of liquid smoke immersion. The study aimed to formulate the best-smoked fish coated with local spices, resulting in seven formulations: the control, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6. These formulations were immersed in liquid smoke and coated with varying percentages of three main spices: ginger, garlic, and dried chili. Based on sensory analysis with 50 panelists, it was concluded that F5, with 6% liquid smoke, emerged as the optimal formulation.
PENGHAPUSAN PERHAMBAAN DI BORNEO UTARA SELEPAS TAHUN 1881
Authors: APING SAJOK  , MAUREEN DE SILVA
Published: July 2024

Perhambaan mempunyai fungsi yang sangat signifikan kepada manusia seiring dengan peredaran zaman, Masyarakat peribumi di Borneo Utara juga tidak terlepas dari pengalaman sistem tersebut yang berakhir selepas kedatangan Syarikat Berpiagam Borneo Utara (SBBU) pada tahun 1881. Perhambaan dalam konteks masyarakat di Borneo Utara mempengaruhi banyak aspek, khususnya dalam sosiopolitik dan juga sosioekonomi mereka. Selain berfungsi sebagai buruh atau tenaga kerja, kewujudan hamba dapat melambangkan status, kuasa, pengaruh dan identiti masyarakat yang mengamalkannya seperti suku kaum Suluk, Bajau, Iranum dan Melayu Brunei. Malah, dalam konteks Borneo Utara juga memperlihatkan hamba berperanan sebagai fungsi dalam aktiviti sosial masyarakat tradisional, yakni sebagai trofi, berian ataupun korban dalam suatu upacara dan ritual bagi suku kaum seperti Murut, Kadazan, Dusun dan Rundum. Oleh itu, artikel ini akan memperincikan dasar dan tindakan yang dilakukan oleh SBBU dalam menghapuskan amalan tersebut di Borneo Utara. SBBU melihat perhambaan sebagai suatu tradisi yang tidak berperikemanusiaan, serta bertentangan dengan perjuangan mereka yang mengangkat nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan moral masyarakat. Usaha ini adalah selaras dengan tuntutan Piagam Diraja dan menjadi suatu anjakan untuk merubah dan memodenkan aspek sosial masyarakat di Borneo Utara. Justeru, artikel ini secara lanjut akan membincangkan lagi bagaimana dasar penghapusan tersebut dilaksanakan menerusi dasar dan undang-undang SBBU sehingga aktiviti perhambaan terhapus sepenuhnya di Borneo Utara.
 
Slavery has a very significant function for humans for centuries, and the indigenous people in North Borneo are also not exempt from the system which ended after the arrival of the North Borneo Chartered Company (SBBU) in 1881. Slavery in North Borneo affected many aspects, especially in their socio-political and socio-economic. In addition to functioning as labor or workforce, the existence of slaves can symbolize the status, power, influence and identity of the communities that practicing it such as the Suluk, Bajau, Iranun and Malay tribes of Brunei. In fact, slaves play a big role in the social activities of traditional societies such as trophies, gifts or sacrifices in a ceremony, also functioning as sacrifice in ritual for tribes such as Murut, Kadazan, Dusun, and Rundum. Therefore, this article will detail the policies and actions taken by SBBU in abolition the practice of slavery in North Borneo. SBBU sees slavery as an inhumane tradition, as well as against their struggle to uphold the humane and moral values of society. This effort is in line with the demands of the Royal Charter and is a move to change and modernize the social aspects of society in North Borneo. This article will further discuss how the abolition policy is implemented through SBBU policies and laws until slavery activities are completely eradicated in North Borneo.
PERKHIDMATAN PERUBATAN DAN KESIHATAN DI KEM BALAK BAWAH SELIAAN BRITISH BORNEO TIMBER COMPANY
Authors: NUR FARDHA AYU JUSNIH  , ZAINUDDIN BACO
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan industri pembalakan di Borneo Utara telah melonjak disebabkan permintaannya yang tinggi dan telah menyumbang kepada pembangunan ekonomi di Borneo Utara. Perkembangan ekonomi ini adalah atas sumbangan tenaga kerja daripada buruh yang dibawa oleh British daripada negara luar. Objektif artikel ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti perkhidmatan perubatan dan kesihatan di kem balak di Borneo Utara semasa pentadbiran Syarikat Borneo Utara British. Kajian ini akan menggunakan kaedah analisis data melalui pendekatan sejarah dengan menggunakan sumber primer di arkib yang terdiri daripada dokumen-dokumen kolonial seperti fail sekretariat, fail pejabat kolonial, laporan tahunan perubatan Borneo Utara, surat-surat rasmi, memorandum dan akhbar. Melalui penelitian ke atas sumber, pengkaji telah mendapati bahawa perkhidmatan kesihatan yang diberikan serta ordinan yang telah digubal oleh pihak British menunjukkan bahawa pihak mereka memberikan perhatian kepada keadaan kesihatan para buruh. Hal ini demikian kerana kadar kematian yang tinggi daripada kalangan buruh akan menjejaskan sektor ekonomi British di Borneo Utara khususnya dalam industri pembalakan. Diharapkan agar penulisan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber rujukan untuk mengkaji sejarah pembangunan industri pembalakan Borneo Utara dalam bidang perubatan dan kesihatan.
 
The development of the logging industry in North Borneo has boosted its high demand and has contributed to economic development in North Borneo. This economic development is due to the contribution of labor from coolies brought by the British from foreign countries. The objective of this article is to identify the medical and health services at logging camp in North Borneo during the administration of the British North Borneo Company. This study will use the method of data analysis through a historical approach by using primary sources in the archives consisting of colonial documents such as secretariat files, colonial office files, North Borneo Medical Annual Reports, official letters, memoranda and newspapers. Through research on sources, researchers have found that the health services provided as well as the regulations that have been enacted by the British government shows that they pay attention to the health conditions of the coolies. This is because the high death rate from the coolies will affect the British economic gain in North Borneo, especially in the logging industry. It is hoped that this writing can be used as a reference source to study the history of the development of the North Borneo logging industry in the field of medical and health.
Adaptive Learning Systems: Harnessing AI for Customized Educational Experiences
Authors: Kolluru Vinothkumar , Mungara Sudeep , Chintakunta Advaitha Naidu
Published: July 2024

In the changing world of technology adaptive learning systems have become essential innovations offering to transform how educational content is delivered and personalized. This study delves into how artificial intelligence (AI) is used to create learning systems by utilizing the EdNet Dataset, which's available, to the public. It emphasizes AIs ability to revolutionize experiences for a range of students. These systems use AI to adjust content in time based on feedback, from learners tailoring teaching methods to suit individual learning styles and speeds. This adaptability helps boost performance. Creates a more interactive and responsive learning environment. By employing clustering algorithms and recommender systems this research illustrates how AI can enrich learning experiences catering to each students challenges and objectives. The research evaluates the effectiveness of these AI powered learning models using performance measures presenting concrete evidence of their potential to enhance learning outcomes. Overall this study contributes to the progress of technology by demonstrating the practicality and advantages of integrating AI into learning systems.
Trends and implications of ENT cases in emergency medicine: insights from a tertiary hospital study
Authors: Ertek Engin
Published: July 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic data of patients presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital with complaints of ear, nose and throat diseases.
Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively by screening patients who presented to the emergency department with complaints of ear, nose and throat diseases between 01.04.2015 and 01.10.2015. Age, gender, presence of a diagnosed ear, nose and throat disease, mode of presentation (referral/primary presentation), diagnosis in the emergency department, consultation status, forensic case status, examination status, and discharge status were analyzed. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage distribution) were used for statistical analysis. Results were presented as mean ± SD or frequency (percentage).
Results: The study included 2425 patients. 51.5% of the patients were female. The mean age was 35.27±15.6 years (0-88). The highest number of patient admissions was in the 21-30 age range (38.4%). 98.1% of the patients presented to the emergency department as outpatients. It was observed that 2.4% of the applicants had a known previous ear, nose and throat disease. Computed tomography was the most requested test. The most common diagnoses were acute tonsillopharyngitis (60.1%) and vertigo (25.1%). 3.5% of the patients were evaluated as forensic cases. 4.5% of the patients were consulted to the ear, nose and throat clinic and 3.6% to the plastic and reconstructive surgery clinic. The discharge rate was 97.5%.
Conclusion: In conclusion, it was seen that the number of outpatient admissions to the emergency department (98.1%) was quite high, 95.5% of the patients were not consulted by the ear, nose and throat clinic and 97% were discharged with an outpatient prescription.
Evaluation of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the depression, anxiety and stress levels of anesthesiology and reanimation doctors, and their work and social lives
Authors: Soylu Nuri Burkay , Moğol Elif , Akesen Selcan , Eker Salih Saygın , Sezer Soylu Hilal
Published: July 2024

Aims: To measure the effects of the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic on the socioeconomy and their depression, anxiety and stress scores of anesthesiology and reanimation specialists, using the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21).
Methods: The study was conducted with an online questionnaire directed to the participants online, following the approval of Uludağ University Ethics Committee labeled 2020-16/1. The questionnaire was prepared on SurveyMonkey and distributed via a specially acquired link. Participants were prevented from completing the questionnaire more than once. 38 questions were asked to the participants. At the end of the questionnaire, the participants were asked to fill the DASS-21 scale. Questionnaire link has been distributed through social media and mobile communication applications.
Results: 198 volunteers participated in the study. 122 of the participants were female (61.62%) and 76 (38.38%) were males. 75 of the participants (37.88%) were trainees, 113 (57.07%) were anesthesiology and reanimation specialists, 2 (1.01%) were specialist physicians undergoing intensive care training, 4 (%) 2,02) were intensive care specialists, 1 was a specialist physician receiving algology training, and 3 (1.52%) were algologists. 42 participants were (21.21%) in a training-research hospital, 87 participants (43.94%) in a university hospital, 35 participants (17.68%) in a state hospital, 13 participants (6.57%) in city hospitals, and 21 participants (10.61%) were working in private hospitals. %81.6 of all physicians participating in the survey show depression symptoms, %62 of participants were showing symptoms of anxiety and 71.1% of participants described stress symptoms. All scores were higher in female physicians (p <0,05). Depression scores of residents were higher than specialists (p<0,05). All scores of physicians working in training-research hospitals are higher than physicians working in other institutions (p <0,05).
Conclusion: Almost all physicians have experienced changes in workload, income and workplaces during the pandemic. High DASS-21 scores in all physicians were thought-provoking and highlighted the psychological pressure that anesthesiology and reanimation physicians had been under.
Evaluation of patients presenting with headache to the emergency outpatient clinic
Authors: Ay Mustafa , Erden Veysel
Published: July 2024

Aims: This study aimed to explore the factors contributing to headache presentation in patients by recognizing headache as a symptom of various potential ailments. It is crucial to understand these factors for appropriate assessment and treatment planning in patients with headaches. Additionally, this study investigated patients' preferences for headache management, which is an understudied aspect in the field.
Methods: In 2012, a two-month study was conducted at an emergency department outpatient clinic to assess the general characteristics, severity, frequency, duration, and location of headache episodes among patients presenting with headache complaints. The study analyzed various parameters, including the different types of pain, such as throbbing, stabbing, and burning, as well as the impact of headaches on daily performance, medication use, specific medications taken, and alternative treatment methods via a headache questionnaire.
Results: The survey results revealed that 21.7% of the patients described their pain as extremely severe, 52.2% as severe, and 26.1% as distressing. Pain descriptions were predominantly throbbing (79.4%) and pain (62.2%), with sensations of pressure (20%), stabbing (18.3%), pulsating (13.3%), burning (10.6%), and constriction-like a band (2.8%). The localization of pain was bilateral in 15.0% of patients, unilateral in 18.3%, around or behind the eyes in 28.3%, and in the neck or back of the head in 38.3%. Headaches were found to affect the work life of 40.6% of patients, 20% reported no impact, and 39.4% experienced occasional interference. No significant statistical difference was observed regarding the intensity, frequency, and duration of pain, and its impact on work life with respect to sex. The usage of non-prescription medication was high (92.8 %), whereas prescription medication usage was 57.8%. Regarding alternative treatment methods, massage therapy was used by 53.6% of the patients and herbal treatments by 17.8%.
Conclusion: This study examined the frequency and handling of headaches among patients visiting an emergency department. The results indicate that headaches affect both sexes equally, with a marginal prevalence in females. To provide better care, addressing patients’ preferences and experiences is important. As patients rely on non-prescription medications and alternative therapies, concerns regarding healthcare accessibility arise. A combination of medication management, patient education, and non-pharmacological therapies is necessary to achieve better outcomes and decrease the burden on healthcare systems.
Assessment of first-time attendees at a pain clinic using a pain inventory tool
Authors: Gülen Derful , Erden Veysel
Published: July 2024

Aims: Pain presents a complex challenge affecting the quality of life of over a million adults annually. Understanding the
variety and distribution of pain types is vital for effective management and intervention strategies. This study aimed to assess the characteristics and distribution of pain among first-time attendees at a pain clinic using the Brief pain inventory (BPI).
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 100 adult outpatients at the pain clinic of the İstanbul Training and
Research Hospital from July to November 2012. The BPI was administered face-to-face and demographic data were collected. Individuals under 18 years of age, mentally retarded, previous pain clinic attendance, cancer pain, or diagnosed rheumatic diseases was excluded. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the means, standard deviations, and frequency distributions.
Results: The study included 100 adult patients with a mean age of 46.4, predominantly female (65%), who sought treatment
for various pain complaints at a pain clinic. The majority reported throbbing (41% knee, 31% lumbar, and 65% shoulder)
and exhausting pain (74% knee, 73% lumbar, and 65% shoulder), with significant proportions experiencing constant pain,
especially in the knee (82%) and lumbar region (81%). Regular analgesic use was noted in 54% of the patients, with 65%
requiring daily medication, indicating high demand for pain management. Despite treatment, 90% expressed the need for
stronger pain relief and 50% reported side effects from analgesics. Various nonpharmacological methods have been used, such as hot compression (38%) and relaxation techniques (30%).
Conclusion: The study reveals the significant pain burden among first-time pain clinic patients, with throbbing and exhausting sensations prevalent in knee and lumbar regions. The extensive use of analgesics and need for stronger pain relief indicate ongoing pain management challenges. The adoption of nonpharmacological methods highlights the need for a multifaceted approach. These findings emphasize the necessity of tailored, multidimensional pain management strategies for enhanced patient care and quality of life.
Ethical Dilemmas and Copyright Challenges among Independent Artists in Kenya's Music Industry
Authors: Kirui Amon Kipyegon
Published: July 2024

This qualitative phenomenological research aims to find out the ethical dilemmas around revenue generation and copyright practices among independent artists in Kenya. The study delves into various aspects, including collective management organisations (CMOs), copyright laws, governmental policies, exploitative practices, and regulatory frameworks, through an extensive analysis of existing literature and qualitative data. It reveals that while Kenya's music industry has experienced substantial growth with the introduction of new music genres and disruptive innovations, it still struggles with systemic barriers that limit the welfare and success of independent artists. Governmental policies and copyright laws revealed gaps in protecting independent artists' intellectual property rights. The study shed light on issues such as corruption, mismanagement, and failure to distribute royalties to artists fairly, with a close examination of CMOs, thus calling for the need for increased transparency and accountability. These issues are linked to numerous challenges, including inadequate industry support, limited access to resources, and unfair compensation. Exploitative practices conducted by industry participants and intermediaries are subjecting independent artists to illegitimate contractual agreements, delayed royalties, and predatory behaviours from industry participants. The presence of weak regulations magnifies these concerns, resulting in the degradation of artists' rights and limited recourse in cases of copyright infringements or contractual disputes. This research, therefore, calls for regulatory reforms and industry-wide interventions to address these structural barriers and to give light on how to promote a more sustainable and equitable music ecosystem in Kenya. The study recommends the strengthening of copyright enforcement mechanisms, improving transparency and accountability within CMOs, and establishing tailored support systems for independent artists.
A reprodução social nas periferias do capitalismo global
Authors: Kussumi Mirian Monteiro
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo busca apresentar como a reprodução social – que funciona como condição de possibilidade para a manutenção do capitalismo – se manifesta de modos diferentes a partir no eixo centro-periferia do sistema capitalista global. Enquanto a imagem da mulher como dona de casa teria sido amplamente difundida nos países de capitalismo avançado, observamos uma realidade distinta nas localidades periféricas. Tal ponto é perceptível atualmente na medida em que o trabalho reprodutivo é realizado na qualidade de atividades mal remuneradas e informais, performadas sobretudo por mulheres racializadas. Sendo reflexo do movimento de auto expansão e acumulação do capitalismo, cuja origem remonta o colonialismo, o trabalho de reprodução social nos países periféricos apresentaria uma divisão do trabalho de gênero que seria concomitantemente racial.
Land cover scenarios in four Kenyan arid and semi-arid regions by 2050
Authors: Adoyo Beatrice ,   World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Kehbila Anderson , Lutta Alphayo , Opiyo Romanus Otieno , Onyango Sharon Anyango , Mungo Carol , Osano Philip ,   Stockholm Environment Institute
Published: July 2024

The researchers analysed spatial land use data for the past two decades for four counties that are primarily arid and semiarid lands (ASAL): Turkana, West Pokot, Elgeyo Marakwet and Narok. Based on various land-use scenarios, they projected possible outcomes for 2050 with an eye to achieving more than 10% forest cover in these counties.