bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dificuldades de leitura e escrita no 6º ano do ensino fundamental II: relação entre alfabetização e letramento.
Authors:   , da Silva Henrique Naiara
Published: June 2023

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como as professoras que exercem a docência nas turmas do 6º ano do ensino fundamental compreendem e lidam com as dificuldades de leitura e escrita nestas turmas, além disso, que mediações utilizam para superar tais dificuldades. Buscamos em Soares (2004, 2006, 2008), Kleiman (1995), Freire (1998), ferreiro e Teberosky (1991), Ferreiro (1996) e Vigostski (2007, 2009) construtos teóricos para subsidiar nossas reflexões. Realizamos uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, que se caracterizou pela compreensão dos significados das práticas e das concepções dos docentes sobre as dificuldades de aprendizagem na leitura e na escrita das crianças. Tendo como busca a compreensão do objeto de forma mais ampla, este estudo também é descritivo-explicativo, pois, conforme nos indica Barros e Lehfeld (2007), é descritivo porque realizou o estudo, a análise, o registro e a interpretação das práticas realizadas em sala de aula sem a interferência do pesquisador. Ao mesmo tempo buscou ser explicativo, conforme coloca Lakatos e Marconi (2011), ao observar e registrar os fatos analisá-los, interpretá-los na busca de explicar os motivos e processos por trás das temáticas. Na observação das mediações por meio da leitura e escrita em sala de aula, selecionamos a partir de atividades realizadas pela professora, questões relacionadas aos seguintes eixos que são postos pelos programas de formação em leitura e escrita em curso no município: Apropriação do Sistema de Escrita, Leitura, Intepretação e Produção de Textos e Desenvolvimento da Oralidade. O que podemos verificar é que apesar de tanta discussão sobre leitura e escrita, diagnósticos sobre as dificuldades de aprendizagem, inclusive, com uma concepção de política avaliativa, que privilegia indicadores de ler e escrever, de programas específicos para esta questão como o Pró-letramento, muitos educadores/as ainda estão apegados/as a uma prática formalista, mecânica e fragmentadora da língua, uma tradição de ensino apenas transmissiva, isto é, preocupada em oferecer ao aluno conceitos e regras prontas, que ele só tem que memorizar. Assim, as atividades trabalhadas pela escola não são significativas, nem contribuem para sua leitura do mundo e da palavra, conforme nos colocava Paulo Freire. Além disso, as professoras atribuem à falta de concentração das crianças e o não acompanhamento das famílias ás dificuldades de leitura em sala, e apesar das descobertas e estudos acerca das relações entre os processos de alfabetização e letramento, da concepção de leitura e escrita como sistema de representação, a discussão ainda é cercada de dúvidas e resistências nas unidades escolares, para as quais nem mesmo os educadores que atuam neste nível conseguem encontrar respostas e redirecionar os rumos do processo educativo.
O jogo pedagógico como potencializador no processo de ensino-aprendizagem nas aulas de geografia nas escolas do campo através da mediação.
Authors:   , Daniel Cordeiro Leite Jefferson
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa realizada nas aulas de Geografia onde foi produzido e experimentado um jogo pedagógico como recurso didático potencializador nas aulas de Geografia. Pois a utilização de recursos didáticos é importante ferramenta para facilitar a aprendizagem e superar as dificuldades que os alunos têm trazidos do ensino tradicional, especificamente do ensino de Geografia. Desta forma, a pesquisa tem por objetivo geral produzir e experimentar no contexto escolar um jogo pedagógico que facilite o processo de ensino-aprendizagem na aula de Geografia com a temática os conceitos geográficos através da mediação.Nessa pesquisa utilizamos o pressuposto da pesquisa qualitativa, através da pesquisa-ação. Os dados coletados foram analisados de forma descritiva e interpretativa uma vez que esta é caracterizada pela observação e correlação de fatos, buscando descrever as características ou relações existentes nas ações realizadas na sala através da Pesquisa-Ação, como também apresentamos através de fotos demonstrando as etapas da intervenção pedagógica em vários momentos e quadros com as respostas dos questionários, aplicados durante a pesquisa.Verificamos que intervenção pedagógica foi relevante para aprendizagem dos alunos, pois os mesmos desenvolveram ao jogar o jogo, uma melhor compreensão dos conceitos geográficos, indicando o jogo através da mediação como um potencializador no processo de ensino- aprendizagem nas aulas de Geografia.
Uma investigação em sala de aula numa escola do campo a partir de situações que possibilitam a construção do raciocínio lógico probabilístico.
Authors:   , Clemente de Sousa Valter
Published: June 2023

Atualmente os estudantes, mesmo quando crianças, são submetidas a uma grande variedade de informações, elas estão sempre tendo que usar de julgamentos, interpretações, escolhas, ao mesmo tempo em que percebem relações entre situações cotidianas, como por exemplo, um sinal ruim de internet quando ocorrem chuvas fortes. Essas, situações cotidianas, nos mostram a importância de se trabalhar desde cedo, a construção do raciocínio probabilístico, pois os conhecimentos em probabilidade têm ganhado novos significados a partir das questões no mundo atual. Dessa forma, acreditamos ser necessário criar estratégias de ensino para se promover esse pensamento probabilístico nas escolas, não ensinando cálculos complexos de probabilidade nos anos iniciais ou finais do Ensino Fundamental, mas, permitindo que as crianças reflitam sobre alguns elementos que envolvem o raciocínio probabilístico como: a incerteza, a aleatoriedade, o espaço amostral e a independência de eventos, entre outros, para que possam, aos poucos, construir os conhecimentos necessários ao entendimento da probabilidade. Dessa forma, o tema central desse trabalho foi a construção do raciocínio probabilístico pela criança, tendo como objetivo geral o de compreender situações que implicam no ato de pensar probabilisticamente numa sala de aula do campo com crianças do ensino fundamental - anos finais. Para isso, utilizamos a abordagem qualitativa de investigação do tipo pesquisa de campo, que foi desenvolvida numa escola pública, no município de Sumé-PB. Após nossas atividades investigativas, foi possível perceber que existe ainda uma lacuna no ensino de probabilidade no Ensino Fundamental, porém, os estudantes mostraram potencial intuitivo ao serem apresentados aos conceitos de probabilidade de forma contextualizada, possibilitando uma melhor construção do raciocínio probabilístico a partir da mobilização de conceitos básicos.
UKRAINE TRAGEDY: REVANCHIST AGGRESSION OR IDEOLOGICAL COMBAT
Authors:   Advocate High Court, Iqbal Saiyid Khusro , Khusro Syeda Shahnila ,   Master in International Relations Philanthropist & Analyst, Saiyid Basil ,   A Beaconite, Youth Ambassador & Researcher
Published: June 2023

Ukraine prospective admission into a 74 year old military alliance NATO and NATO’s eastward growing footprints were considered by Russian government as threat to its national security and of the region so they preempted, and on 24 February 2022 invaded Ukraine, thus creating a fiasco which now has turned into an uncontrollable bloodstained and infra structure demolishing battlefield at the crossroads of transcontinental Russia and East European Ukraine, despite international controlled peace efforts & mediation. Although Ukraine, being the part of former Soviet Union, has strong economical, political and cultural ties with Russia but due to Russian invasion such close ties are turning to animosity and bitter relations which are likely to be carried forward to the coming generations of Russians and Ukrainians. Recently on 17 March 2023 the Hague seated International Criminal Court (ICC) declared Vladimir Putin, the Russian President, as a war criminal to issue an arrest warrant. The ICC believes on the basis of available witnesses and evidence that Russia got into multiple war crimes at Ukraine, including but not limited to unlawful deportation of children from Ukraine to Russia. This clash gives a signal that to support Ukraine the US dominated west is at crossroad with Russia by helping Ukraine through sophisticated war heads and financial aid. Deplorably, the revanchist aggression has turned into ideological combat between Russia and Europe on the battle ground of Ukraine. Consequently, the world seems transforming into multipolar world. Keywords: NATO, Ukraine, Russia, Euro-Atlantic Security, International Criminal Court (ICC), Global Mediation, Crimea Annexation.
THE IMPACT OF PEDAGOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND TEACHING PRACTICES OF TEACHERS ON STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Education University of Gawader, Balochistan., Jan Dur , Riaz Adnan ,   Department of English Literature University of Turbat, Balochistan., Yaseen Mohammad ,   Department of Sociology University of Turbat, Balochistan
Published: June 2023

This study explores the impact of teachers' content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, student-centered approach, and teacher-centered approach on student achievement perceptions. Data were collected from seven public secondary schools in Pakistan using an adapted self-report instrument of five Likert scales. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed as an estimation technique by SMART PLS software. The results obtained from the testing model using structural equation modelling (SEM) were interpreted and discussed in tables. The study found that teachers' content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and teaching practices significantly predict student achievement. These findings highlight the crucial role of teachers' content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and teaching practices in achieving learning goals and outcomes. Keywords: Pedagogical-Knowledge, Teaching-Practices, Teachers' perceptions, Teaching effects, Students’ achievement
THE CONSEQUENCES OF PRACTICES OF HRM ON PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEE IN PUNJAB POLICE
Authors:   Department of Education, University of Education, Dera Ghazi Khan Campus Pakistan, Tahir Sehrish , Parveen Asifa ,   Department of Education, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi khan Pakistan, Khan Irum ,   Gomal University Pakistan.
Published: June 2023

The current research study explores the association among HRM strategies and the performances of employees in department of Punjab Police. In this research study the size of sample consists of 368 respondents were Sub-Inspectors and assistant Sub-inspectors from the department of Punjab Police in Dera Ghazi Khan (Region). The researcher used a questionnaire to collect data, which was then analyzed using Smart-PLS. The findings revealed that career planning, compensation, job rotation, performance appraisal and development and training all had a positive impact on performance of employee in police department. According to the results, the researcher recommend that policymakers provide the most intensive compensation for staff, maximize career planning, compensation, job rotation, performance appraisal and development and training to progress the performance of Punjab police officers in Pakistan. This research strengthens the current literature on Performance of employee by providing new insights the promotion and Performances of employees’. Keywords: Job Rotation, Employee Performance, Compensation, Development and training, Performance Appraisal.
PROSPECTS OF UPGRADING CONTEMPORARY BUILDING FACADES IN LAHORE THROUGH BIOMIMETIC BUILDING SKIN
Authors:   Department of Architecture, COMSATS University Islamabad.Pakistan, Mukhtar Arshia , Asghar Quratulain ,   Department of Architecture, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore,Pakistan, Yaseen Aneela ,   Department of Architecture, COMSATS University Islamabad.Pakistan
Published: June 2023

Much attention is paid to the importance of building envelopes these days and it is seen that many façade problems have been solved by taking inspiration from nature. Biomimetics is the science that allows a deeper look into the appearance and behavior of organisms in nature. Biomimetics is solving the building problem by changing how buildings are being constructed as it takes notes from nature. This research uses nature to explore the prospects of efficient building skins that provide desirable and aesthetically pleasing solutions to building problems. Major dealings of the research include identifying core issues in the skins of Commercial buildings of Lahore that lead to inefficiency and inadequate connection between people and place. Since the building envelope separates indoor from outdoor, it is inherent for the façade to be well suited to the energy needs of the building. The main aim of this research is to produce a catalog of building skins based on natural phenomena that could help resolve the major requirements and needs of contemporary architecture in Lahore. An attempt has been made to upgrade building skins by taking inspiration from the various phenomena in nature and applying biomimetic principles of design to enhance the responsiveness of these otherwise mundane and monotonous skins. The catalog for providing façade solutions is developed using biomimetic principles as a core concept and then applying digital tools like Rhino and ParaCloud Gem to find the results in a form of building facades. Keywords: Biomimicry, Nature, Building Skins, Biomimetic Facades, Digital Tools.
ON HISTORICAL AND HISTORICAL-LEGAL RESEARCH: FORMS, CHALLENGES AND METHODOLOGIES
Authors:   University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan, Majeed Nasir , Hilal Amjad ,   University of Swat, Swat Pakistan, Ilyas Rabia ,   School of Law, University of Gujrat Pakistan
Published: June 2023

The present study intended to understand the meaning, forms and challenges in legal-historical research to suggest a general framework for the researchers doing legal-historical research. After deploying the doctrinal research method, the current study found that there is scarcity of guidelines for legal researcher to carry out historical research in law. The existing literature on methodology for legal-historical research studies do not offer a detailed methodology to carry out historical-legal research. The present study, after analyzing the meaning, forms, challenges and various methodologies, suggests seven-step methodology to carry out historical research in law. It is hoped that the present study will enable legal researchers to devise a comprehensive methodology for doing historical-legal studies. Key Words: Research, Historical Research, Historical-Legal research, Types of Research, Internal and External Research, Methodology of Historical-Legal Research.
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF CENSORSHIP ON JOURNALISTIC PRACTICES: THE CASE OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Qayyoum Hayam , Raza Muhammad Riaz ,   Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Sadaf Ayesha ,   Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Published: June 2023

One of the primary challenges facing media outlets in Pakistan is government censorship. The government has traditionally maintained strict control over the media, often using a range of legal and extra-legal measures to stifle criticism and control public discourse. This has included blocking or banning various news websites, harassing journalists, and using legal action to silence dissent. The present study has designed to get the censorship practices and viewpoints of the journalists working in TV news channels. For the purpose, through a convenient sampling techniques, 20 journalists from mainstream TV channels were interviewed on the subject. The censorship theory is applied to get the results. Majority of the journalists viewed the practices of censorship and self-censorship as the hurdle in the way of freedom of press. They further opined that Pakistan media and particularly electronic media is controlled by the government with the help of various techniques they obstruct the free flow of information. According to the journalists, the owners’ interference to annex the specific agenda is also one of the major problem in the development and growth of independent media. Keywords: Censorship, Self-Censorship, TV Channels, Journalists, Government influence, Media Owners.
INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF CLOTH BRANDING ADVERTISEMENTS ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR: INSIGHTS FROM INSTAGRAM
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan ., Shahzad Sobia , Fatima Tehreem ,   Mass Communication Department, Government College University, Faisalabad Pakistan
Published: June 2023

This research paper investigates the relationship between advertising frequency, buying motivation, and buying behavior in the context of Instagram, employing the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. A sample of (N=300) Instagram users was analyzed using snowball sampling. The results reveal that increased exposure to brand advertisements on Instagram affects consumers' motivation to make a purchase. However, Instagram users are more likely to be motivated to buy when exposed to a higher frequency of influencer advertising. Furthermore, it demonstrates the significant impact of buying motivation on actual buying behavior accounting for 48.7% of the variance. These findings contribute to the existing literature on social media marketing and provide valuable insights for marketers and advertisers looking to enhance their strategies on Instagram. The key takeaway from the study is that prioritizing influencers should be of utmost importance for marketers aiming to boost sales through their Instagram marketing efforts. Keywords: Instagram advertisement, Influencer advertisement, Buying motivation, Buying behavior.
HISTORY AND MEMORY OF THE PARTITION OF THE PUNJAB: A CASE STUDY OF THE DISTRICT RAWALPINDI
Authors:   Department of History & Pakistan Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat., Maqbool Sumira , Ali Muhammad Kashif ,   Department of History & Pakistan Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat.
Published: June 2023

This paper is an attempt to investigate the violence and the communal riots followed by the division of India, especially partition of the Punjab. The violence that occurred in Punjab during the division of India (1947) is a tragic episode of South Asian history. Almost seven decades have gone since the partition of the Punjab. At the time of the partition, Rawalpindi, Ambala, Multan, Lahore, and Jullundur had the Muslim majority It was the Rawalpindi wherefrom the riots were begun compare to whole Punjab. In the district of Rawalpindi, riots and violence were sparked by three main factors;1945–1946 elections, Direct Action Day, and Khizar Hayat's resignation. More than two thousand people were killed by mob and major affected areas of Rawalpindi were Kalyan Das Mandar, Raja Bazaar, Mai Veero Di Banni, Lal Kurti, Murree Road, Ghaznavi Road, Taxila, Thoha Khalsa, Chaklala, and Kartarpura. Though the episode of the division and violence caused the hatred among the three major communities of the Punjab (the Muslims, Sikhs and Hindus), unfortunately, the people who were the witness of violence in Rawalpindi are dying, therefore, this paper is an attempt to preserve some migration stories. Keywords: Punjab, violence, riots, partition, 1947 migration.
CLASS STRUCTURE AND ELECTORAL POLITICS: A STUDY OF DISTRICT MULTAN 2002 - 2013
Authors:   Department of Political Science, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Hanif Muhammad , Bukhari Syed Mussawar Hussain ,   Department of Political Science, Islamia University Bahawalpur
Published: June 2023

This article aims to investigate the Class Structure and electoral politics of District Multan in 2002-2013 terms of local politics and trends. It has been observed that local politicians are the prominent candidates in these election. These politicians have historically come from the wealthy classes. Ticket distribution by popular political parties in this region is skewed toward the wealthy and those with a higher probability of voting for their party. This study has based on the mixed method cross-sectional research design and data has been collected from 406 participants from the District Multan by using probability sampling. Findings of the study have indicated that ninety percent or more of the area's residents support creating a new province to speed up the area's progress. In addition, mostly candidates have been repeated by the parties but few have changed the party and participated from a new party or independently. So, Multan's electoral politics are profoundly affected by socioeconomic status of politicians. Additionally, the electoral system needs to change to make it more effective and to reduce the issues of voters, rather than continuing to focus on the same old strategies. The current study is drived from district Multan. Keywords: Class Structure, Electoral Politics, Multan, Elite Class, Democracy , Elections, Voters.
PROFESSIONAL GROWTH THROUGH PROFESSIONAL LEARNING COMMUNITIES: LIVED EXPERIENCES OF HIGHER EDUCATION FACULTY IN A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN LAHORE
Authors:   University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Naqvi Syeda Um E Laila , Muhammad Yaar ,   Department of Education, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Waqar Yasira ,   Syed Ahsan Ali and Syed Maratib Ali School of Education LUMS, Lahore
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of the current study was to analyse the perceptions of Higher Education Faculty’s (HEFs) perceptions of Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) as a means of professional growth. HEFs’ responses to PLCs and their professional growth via PLCs were explored in depth. It was a qualitative study with a phenomenology study method. Five higher education faculty members (Male = 2, Female = 3) were selected through a purposive sampling technique from a private university in Lahore. A semi-structured interview guide was developed for the collection of data. The participants were face to face interviewed. For the data analysis, thematic analysis was performed, and themes were explained considering participants’ responses. HEFs were aware of professional learning communities. HEFs were discovered to have a positive perception of PLC and explained how active collaboration with colleagues helped them grow professionally. It is recommended that higher education organisational leaders should implement PLCs to help the faculty grow professionally as; ultimately, it will enhance the quality of students’ learning. Keywords: Professional Learning Communities, Higher Education, Higher Education Faculty of Pakistan, Professional Growth.
Organic-Exchanged Silicotungstic Acid Compounds as Efficient and Environmental-Friendly Catalysts for Synthesis of Glycerol Monolaurate
Authors: Li Ran Li Ran , Deng Yunli Deng Yunli , Wu Siliang Wu Siliang , Liao Jiayi Liao Jiayi , Tang Xiujuan Tang Xiujuan , Han Xiaoxiang Han Xiaoxiang
Published: June 2023

A series of organic-exchanged silicotungstic acid catalysts were synthesized by changing the variety and amount of organic compounds. The structure, thermal stability and acidic properties of the catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA and 31P-MAS NMR. The catalytic performances of the catalysts were investigated on the selective esterification of lauric acid with glycerol to glycerol monolaurate. Among the various catalysts, [QuH]1H3SiW12O40 with molar ratio of quinoline to silicotungstic acid of 1:1 showed excellent activity and reusability due to strong Brand#248;nsted acidity and “pseudo-liquid” catalytic modes. The optimal conditions optimized by response surface methodology were as follows: the molar ratio of glycerol to lauric acid was 5.3:1, the amount of catalyst was 4.8 wt%, the reaction temperature was 424 K, and the reaction time was 1.5 h. Under these conditions, the average yield of glycerol monolaurate was 79.7%, which was basically consistent with the values predicted by the mathematical model. Moreover, the kinetic data of this reaction were fitted to a second-order kinetic model and the apparent activation energy Ea was 52.35 kJ / mol
Youths and Economic Development in Nigeria
Authors: R. Minini , G.K. Deeebari
Published: June 2023

No country seeking economic development which is the good and better life can afford to neglect the youth or abandon them to constitute a major social problem. This is because the youths are the engine of growth and development. Their action and inaction can develop or destroy the fabrics of their country. In other words, they determine the future of the country. It is on this backdrop that this paper is out to address the importance of preparation and training of the youths in order to achieve sustainable economic development. It adopted a theoretical approach as its methodology and found that there is indisputable evidence of poor economic development due to lack of preparation and training on the part of the youths. The paper therefore recommended that the government should adequately fund the educational sector and should also have the farmer’s mentality and do away with the hunter's mentality.
Study Engagement Among Secondary School Students During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ponnusamy P , Perumal R. Bagdha Vatchala
Published: June 2023

Quality concerns, inculcating moral values, and developing life skills among young learners are the motto of an educational institution. In these processes, every individual learner expects to engage with their curricular and co-curricular activities in a positive manner. Due to the global challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic, the academic processes in all educational systems are getting collapsed. Students and teachers are missing face-to-face interactions, getting a lot of hurdles in connectivity, and planning their academic engagements on online platforms. Apart from these, many other factors influence the student's academic engagement and getting subject knowledge during this pandemic period. Students' involvement and engagement in the virtual mode might vary with the variables like school types, gender, and locality. Therefore, in this study, the investigators attempt to elicit secondary school students' perceptions of their study engagements during the pandemic. The study reveals that most students engaged in the academic activities at an average level during the pandemic. There is a significant difference between the male and female students study engagements.
Modelling bounded nanoscale thin films
Authors: Liu Jingbang
Published: June 2023

The effect of confining walls on the fluctuation of a nanoscale thin film’s free surface is studied using stochastic thin-film equations (STFEs). Two canonical boundary conditions are employed to reveal the influence of the confinement: (1) an imposed contact angle and (2) a pinned contact line. A linear stability analysis provides the wave eigenmodes, after which thermal-capillary-wave theory predicts the wave fluctuation amplitudes. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to test the predictions, and a Langevin diffusion model is proposed to capture oscillations of the contact lines observed in MD simulations. Good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the MD simulation results is recovered, and it is discovered that confinement can influence the entire film. Notably, a constraint on the length scale of wave modes is found to affect fluctuation amplitudes from our theoretical model, especially for 3D films. This opens up challenges and future lines of inquiry.
Analysis of Changes in the Implementation of Rebate in Malaysia Islamic Financing
Authors: Saiman Muhamad Zuhaili bin
Published: June 2023

The practice of giving rebates in Islamic financing is a benchmarking for Islamic banking in long-term sales compared to conventional loans. The implementation of the rebate is based on the concept of da' wa taajjal, where the bank as the financier gives a discount to their customer from the full amount when the customer makes an early settlement. There are issues up to the court level regarding the status of rebates as well as claims from customers about the actual rates that are eligible to be earned. this study was conducted on the application of rebates in the initial settlement of housing financing in 2010 which started with discretion until the latest change by Bank Negara Malaysia in (BNM) in 2019 which is stipulates rebates in the agreement clause. So, this article will study and analyze the changes in the implementation of rebates in Islamic financing from discretionary, unilateral and bilateral rebates status. It is a qualitative study with a literature review approach. While the data collection process is through document analysis, the data are analyzed using descriptive and comparative approaches. The expected outcome of this research is to discuss the assessment of the extent to which the implementation of rebates with the changes that have taken place guarantees welfare on the part of the customer. This paper offers the results of analysis in helping Islamic Financial Institutions (IKIs) and Islamic banking in an effort to strengthen management related to the provision of Islamic housing financing rebates and further dignify Islamic banking management to boost the image of Islamic finance and the teachings of Islam. As well as recommending the best Rebate application for Bank Negara Malaysia to produce a current Policy Document.
The Role of University’s Entrepreneurship Program and Experiential Activities Towards Entrepreneurial Intention: Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Rosli Muhammad Syahrul Deen Ahmad , Tumiran Amzari , Rani Mohd Afandi Mat , Rahim Hardy Loh , Mukhazir Mohd Rizal Muwazir
Published: June 2023

In this era of globalization, the field of entrepreneurship is seen as a major agenda in empowering and sustaining the community’s economy. It has its role as an economic catalyst and capability empowered in efforts to increase innovation, creativity, and competitiveness of society in micro and macro-economic perspectives. Awareness and development of shared values, as well as entrepreneurial activities, are also sown and strengthened through the national education system in Malaysia. With the awareness of the phenomenon, the value and entrepreneurship programs in IPTA and IPTS, including Malaysia Universities, have soared. At Malaysia universities, the Malaysian Academy of SME & Entrepreneurship Development (MASMED) is an organization of the university that conducts various entrepreneurship efforts and programs for Malaysia Universities students, in empowering and raising the level of sustainability through the variance of entrepreneurial activities. This study was conducted to identify the behaviors and tendencies of entrepreneurial activities among students in the Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS). ACIS faculties were selected to obtain special data for the characteristics of the population sampling required in the preparation of specific entrepreneurship programs of this study. The design of this study is descriptive statistics using a quantitative approach. The partial lease square (PLS) instrument will be used in factor analysis through multiple regression that allows researchers to identify significant predictions that are useful in this study.
Aqueous stem bark extract of Rhizophora racemosa is protective against cardiotoxicity and imbalance in anti-oxidants in normal Wistar rats due to exposure to petrol fumes
Authors: Ezomoh  , O. Olubunmi  , Chukwuma  , S. Anakwe  , Eferebo  , R. Ogoniba  , David-Duru Blossom  , Prohp the Prophet
Published: June 2023

The protective potential of aqueous stem bark extract of Rhizophora racemosa in normal albino rats against cardio-toxicity and imbalance in anti-oxidants due to exposure to petrol fumes was investigated. A total of 21 albino rats of Wistar strain and of average weight were used in this study. Following exposure to petrol fumes for 1 hour and 3 hours daily, the two test groups were treated with aqueous stem bark extract of Rhizophora racemosa (400mg/kg) and vitamin E (200 mg/kg) respectively for 28 days. Blood samples were collected periodically for lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activities determination by spectrophotometric method. On the 28th day of the experiment, all the experimental rats were sacrificed and dissected to obtain the hearts for histological studies and spectrophotometric antioxidant assay. The result obtained showed that exposure to petrol fumes caused increase in the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase when compared to normal control(P<0.05). Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were also reduced while malondialdehyde concentration increased(P<0.05). These conditions were, however, reversed by the administration of the aqueous stem bark extract of Rhizophora racemosa and vitamin E. The hearts of the untreated rats showed adverse histological changes which were reversed by the aqueous stem back extract of Rhizophora racemosa after 28 days of treatment. The aqueous leave extract of this plant may therefore be useful in preventing cardio-toxicity caused by petrol fumes, thereby conferring protection on the heart.
Experiences of structural violence and wage theft among immigrant workers in the California cannabis industry
Authors: Beckman Stella , Castañeda Xóchitl , del Rivero Vania , Chavez Anaisabel , Schenker Marc
Published: June 2023

The multibillion-dollar California cannabis (Cannabis sativa, marijuana) industry employs an unknown number of seasonal workers, including many immigrants. Most production occurs in the remote, rural, far-northern counties where farms may be hours by vehicle from the nearest town. While licenses for cannabis cultivation became available following legalization in California for adult recreational use in 2016, most cannabis—about 80%—is still grown on unlicensed farms. Cannabis is a labor-intensive crop, and the skilled and time-consuming task of hand-trimming flow­ers is the most common seasonal job in the indus­try. Some immigrant workers return for multiple cannabis harvest seasons and are attracted to the work by an interest in the cannabis culture and consumption or the opportunity to earn enough money in several months to live the rest of the year in their home country. Others are farmworkers moving from work in traditional crops for the rela­tively higher pay in the cannabis industry. Seasonal cannabis workers are exposed to many of the phys­ical hazards found in all agricultural workplaces, like dust, pesticides, and injuries; another common­ality with California’s traditional agricultural work­force is vulnerability to structural violence stem­ming from factors related to race, gender, immigra­tion status, and employer/employee power imbal­ance. Cannabis workers are also uniquely affected by the intersections of these structural fac­tors with the isolated and remote nature of canna­bis farms and the ongoing criminalization of the industry. In this article we present the results of a qualitative study of the occupational health and safety of Mexican and South American immigrant seasonal cannabis workers who have previous can­nabis-industry-specific skills and experience. Work­ers were recruited using a peer-recruitment method, with 25 participants in three online focus group discussions on a range of occupational health and safety topics. This qualitative descriptive analysis is focused on experiences of structural vio­lence and wage theft.
Gestão das águas subterrâneas no estado do Piauí (Brasil) no contexto das mudanças climáticas
Authors: Monteiro Pedro Benjamin , Da Silva Pereira Cabral Jaime Joaquim
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar o estado atual da gestão das águas subterrâneas no estado do Piauí considerando o cenário das mudanças climáticas e seus efeitos adversos sobre os aquíferos. A análise é feita a partir da realidade socioeconômica do estado, da disponibilidade e demanda dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos e do nível de gestão e os possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas para o estado. O que se nota é que para os cenários projetados das mudanças climáticas no estado, as águas subterrâneas tornam-se uma fonte estratégica na amenização dos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, entretanto, o diagnóstico produzido mostra que o estado já vem utilizando esse recurso em demasia, mas sem um controle eficiente do poder público. Essa combinação tende para uma visão pessimista tanto para o estado quanto para as águas subterrâneas em relação às mudanças climáticas.
Achieving deep-energy retrofits for households in energy poverty
Authors: Tozer Laura , MacRae Hannah , Smit Emily
Published: June 2023

Climate change and energy poverty are two sustainability challenges that can be addressed through deep-energy retrofits for homes. This systematic review identifies which factors influence the achievement of energy retrofits for households vulnerable to energy poverty. It covers both energy-poor households and the landlords or building owners of energy-poor households. The results identify a range of influential factors across several themes: financial, policy and organizational, trust and communication, technical, attitudes and values, and health. Health and quality of life are particularly influential motivating factors among households vulnerable to energy poverty, as is the presence of trust and communication between stakeholders. Multiple financial considerations are also important, such as the availability of no-cost retrofit options and the prospect of lower energy and maintenance costs. Lastly, government requirements to retrofit and minimum energy standards are motivating, particularly in the social housing sector. These findings and the lack of focus on energy poverty within the energy retrofit literature and policies point to a need for further research on this topic, and for retrofit policies specifically targeted to households vulnerable to energy poverty.
Policy relevance
Energy retrofit policies targeting households vulnerable to energy poverty could be more effective if they:

Improve access to low or no-cost retrofit options alongside tenant protection mechanisms
Include requirements for resident consent and engagement
Build capacity to collect, centralize and publicize information about building stocks to align retrofit projects with necessary upgrades
Disseminate knowledge of retrofit programs through trusted communicators
Increase stakeholders’ understanding of retrofit benefits
Take a holistic approach by emphasizing the co-benefits of energy retrofits in energy-poor households
Implement government requirements to pursue energy retrofits aligned with overarching government climate policies, particularly for publicly owned housing.
PERAN DIGITAL MARKETING DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DI KABUPATEN TABANAN
Authors: Darmayanti Putu Widya , I Made Darma Oka  , Fransiska Fila Hidayana
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini mengkaji peran digital marketing dalam pengembangan desa wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam kepada tokoh masyarakat. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran digital marketing pada desa wisata memberi kontrubusi besar sehingga berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan desa wisata. Pengembangan digital marketing mampu memberikan dampak positif dalam mengenalkan dan mempromosikan desa wisata. Penerapan digital marketing yang dilakukan oleh masing-masing pengelola desa wisata dapat menjadi peluang terhadap jumlah kunjungan wisatawan. Disarankan bagi pihak pengelola harus lebih bersinergi dengan seluruh stakeholder pariwisata sehingga pengembangan desa wisata tetap berkelanjutan.
Role of Nanotechnology in Diagnosing, Safeguarding, and Treating COVID-19
Authors: Rohini M. de Silvaa Rohini M. de Silvaa , Kenneth Hulugallaa Kenneth Hulugallaa , Panchali Ranasinghe Panchali Ranasinghe , Gareth R Williams Gareth R Williams , K.M. Nalin de Silva K.M. Nalin de Silva
Published: June 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is arguably the worst health crisis the world has faced in the 21st century, and the World Health Organization declared this a “public health emergency of international concern” during the beginning of the pandemic and continued for a significant period of time.  Considering the public health risk and the delay in introducing  a suitable medical intervention to eradicate this virus, many reserachers embarked on different technologies to develop a cure. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising weapon in the fight against COVID-19 and other similar viral diseases. The unique qualities of nanomaterials make them excellent for a variety of applications, including the development of low-cost, real-time diagnostic systems, reusable personal protective equipment, and innovative carriers for biological cargo such as mRNA in vaccines and CRISPR/Cas9 in gene editing. In this review the current available pharmacological and non-pharmacological options that are being used around the world against COVID-19 are compared with their nanotechnological counterparts. Here, we also elaborate the advantages of currently available nanotechnology-based diagnostics, protective equipment, vaccines and therapeutics and discuss future directions and steps that should be taken to translate these technologies into a clinical setting to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.
Adsorption of Methylene blue onto hydrophobic activated carbon
Authors: El-Shafey El-Said Ibrahim , Said M. Al-Mashaikhi Said M. Al-Mashaikhi
Published: June 2023

Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from date palm leaflets using NaOH activation. AC was oxidized using concentrated HNO3 to produce oxidized activated carbon (ON). Alkylamines including methylamine (M), dimethylamine (DM), ethylamine (E), diethylamine (DE), and diisopropylamine (DIP) were covalently immobilized onto ON to produce ONM, ONDM, ONE, ONDE, and ONDIP hydrophobic activated carbons, respectively. The surface area of AC (588 m2/g) decreased on oxidation with a further decrease on functionalization. These carbons were tested for methylene blue (MB) adsorption. Initial pH 7 was found optimum for the adsorption of MB. The hydrophobic activated carbons show faster adsorption (except for ONDE), than AC with adsorption data following well a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The rate of adsorption increased with temperature rise. The activation energy, Ea, was less than 42 kJ/mol indicating physical adsorption. Equilibrium adsorption follows L-type isotherm with the adsorption data following well the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of MB follows the order of ONDIP > ONE > ONDM > AC > ON > ONM > ONDE. Thermodynamic parameters indicate spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. Carbon reuse for MB adsorption was more efficient for ONDIP, ONE, and ONDM than AC
Association between level of food insecurity and sociodemographic profile of popular restaurant users in a town in the Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Brandão Thaysa Barbosa Cavalcante , Melo Ana Inês Simões Cardoso de , Santos Ewerton Amorim dos
Published: June 2023

Aim: to investigate the association between the level of food insecurity and the sociodemographic profile of Popular Restaurants users in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Method: This is a field research carried out based on a structured interview with 576 users of popular restaurants. In order to know the sociodemographic profile of Popular Restaurants users, the following variables were investigated: gender, age range, income, education, residence type, frequency of restaurant use, motivation, health-disease conditions, among other indicators. Food insecurity was assessed by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Fisher's exact and chi-square tests were applied for statistical analysis, with the significance level set at 5%. Results: the results showed that about 50% of users had a monthly income of up to one minimum wage; moderate / severe food insecurity was found in 22.4% of respondents. The significant associations with food insecurity  were identified especially by: education; residences with children under 18; monthly and household income; and number of people who contributed to household expenses. Conclusion: the profile of the popular restaurant  users investigated confirmed  that these restaurants served primarily those who are in impoverished conditions.
Inoculation, co-inoculation and nitrogen fertilization in soybean culture
Authors: Cunha Letícia do Socorro , Duarte Júnior José Barbosa , Lana Maria do Carmo , Ribeiro Luane Laíse Oliveira , Shimada Belmiro Saburo , Richart Alfredo , Costa Antonio Carlos Torres da , Rosa Willian Bosquette
Published: June 2023

The objective was to evaluate the inoculation, co-inoculation with bacteria B. japonicum and A. brasilense in combination with application of N doses on the agronomic characteristics of soybean. The design used was randomized blocks in a 4x4 factorial scheme, with four types of inoculation (absence of inoculation, inoculation of B. japonicum bacteria, inoculation with A. brasilense and co-inoculation with B. japonicum and A. brasilense) and four doses of N (0 % = 0; 2 % = 4.5; 4 % = 9 and 8 % = 18 kg ha-1), with four replications. The increasing doses and above 2% of N promoted a reduction in the number of nodules formed by B. japonicum in the roots. The number of nodules and root dry mass was higher at the dose of 8% N, with an average of 317 nodules per plant and 23.42 g plant-1 referring to the treatment with the inoculant A. brasilense. The nodulation efficiency obtained a value of 354 g kg-1 when the dose of 2% of N was used. if co-inoculation. The practice of nitrogen fertilization resulted in an increase in the number of nodules only for the bacteria A. brasilense and significant gains of N in the plant only at the dose of 8% of N.
Munchausen Syndrome: secondary gain of illness
Authors: Tonon Thainara Pagan , Oliveira Marina Toscano de , Tonon Adriana Pagan , Macedo Fernando Luis
Published: June 2023

Secondary gain occurs when a patient consciously simulates symptoms or unconsciously acts to obtain benefits. Munchausen Syndrome is a factitious disorder where individuals fake or cause illnesses or psychological traumas to gain attention or sympathy. These patients often seek emergency care and may have undergone unnecessary surgeries on multiple occasions. OBJECTIVE: To describe important characteristics contributing to the development of Munchausen Syndrome and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy. METHODOLOGY: The methodology involved a literature review conducted in 2020 using the databases SCIELO and LILACS. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The disease has complex diagnosis and treatment processes, as most patients simulate illness to gain secondary benefits, which are lost if discovered. CONCLUSIONS: This syndrome poses a challenge for medical teams due to the difficulty in treatment and unnecessary expenses on medications and hospitalizations of pseudo-patients seeking secondary gains.
Thử nghiệm ương nuôi cá mú lai bằng công nghệ BIOFLOCS
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Nam , Đoàn Thanh Loan , Kim Văn Vạn
Published: June 2023

Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định ảnh hưởng của Bioflocs, mật độ ương nuôi trong bể composite đến sinh trưởng, tỷ lệ sống và hệ số thức ăn của cá mú lai. Thí nghiệm được tiến hành với cá ở giai đoạn giống cỡ 3,12±0,25 g/con được ương trong 12 bể composite (1m3/bể) với 4 nghiệm thức (mật độ 30 và 50 con/m3, có áp dụng Bioflocs hay không), và mỗi nghiệm thức được lặp lại 3 lần. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy khi sử dụng thức ăn cá biển có độ đạm 44% ương nuôi cá mú lai trong bể sau 8 tuần áp dụng công nghệ Bioflocs cho tốc độ sinh trưởng tốt, tỷ lệ sống cao, hệ số thức ăn thấp hơn các bể không áp dụng công nghệ Bioflocs và khi ương ở mật độ 50 con/m3 đều có kết quả tương đương hoặc tốt hơn ở các thông số đánh giá so với ương cá ở mật độ 30 con/m3 để tiết kiệm diện tích ương cá giống nên ương cá mú lai bằng công nghệ Bioflocs ở mật độ 50 con/m3.