bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação ambiental nas escolas rurais: contribuições das pesquisas científicas no Brasil
Educación ambiental en las escuelas rurales: contribuciones de las investigaciones científicas en Brasil
Environmental education in rural schools: contributions of scientific research in Brazil
Authors: Santos Suellen Lemes Freire , Sousa Romier Da Paixão
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho tem como proposta, apresentar resultados da pesquisa de mestrado, visando contribuir com as discussões e estratégias para o ensino e pesquisa na área de educação ambiental. Em vista disso, este artigo busca refletir sobre o desenvolvimento da educação ambiental nas escolas rurais, identificando as propostas metodológicas, pedagógicas e as principais temáticas abordadas nas produções científicas nacionais sobre o tema. Foi realizada uma investigação na produção científica brasileira em educação ambiental especificamente no âmbito das escolas rurais no período compreendido de 2007 a 2016. Com esta pesquisa foi possível concluir que existe a necessidade de desenvolver uma educação ambiental crítica nas escolas rurais a partir de uma proposta interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar devido à complexidade do espaço rural e da abrangência da temática.

Este trabajo tiene como propuesta, presentar resultados de la investigación de maestría, buscando contribuir con las discusiones y estrategias para la enseñanza e investigación en el área de educación ambiental. En vista de ello, este artículo busca reflexionar sobre el desarrollo de la educación ambiental en las escuelas rurales, identificando las propuestas metodológicas, pedagógicas y las principales temáticas abordadas en las producciones científicas nacionales sobre el tema. Se realizó una investigación en la producción científica brasileña en educación ambiental específicamente en el ámbito de las escuelas rurales en el período comprendido de 2007 a 2016. Con esta investigación fue posible concluir que existe la necesidad de desarrollar una educación ambiental crítica en las escuelas rurales a partir de una propuesta interdisciplinaria y transdisciplinar debido a la complejidad del espacio rural y del alcance de la temática.

This work has as proposal, to present results of the masters research, aiming to contribute with the discussions and strategies for teaching and research in the area of environmental education. In view of this, this article seeks to reflect on the development of environmental education in rural schools, identifying the methodological and pedagogical proposals and the main topics addressed in the national scientific productions on the theme. An investigation was carried out in the Brazilian scientific production in environmental education specifically in rural schools in the period from 2007 to 2016. With this research it was possible to conclude that there is a need to develop a critical environmental education in rural schools based on an interdisciplinary proposal and transdisciplinary due to the complexity of the rural area and the scope of the theme.
A percepção dos alunos do ensino fundamental sobre o uso da água consumida no município de Belém-PA
The perception of fundamental education students on the use of consumed water in the county of Belém-PA
La percepción de los alumnos de la enseñanza fundamental sobre el uso del agua consumida en el municipio de Belém-PA
Authors: Rêgo João Ricardo Souza do , Meiguins de Lima Aline Maria
Published: March 2019

Trata-se de pesquisa baseada no método aleatório probabilístico para população finita, realizada com 62 alunos do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental matriculados em um colégio localizado no Município de Belém (Pará). Objetivou-se analisar a percepção dos alunos sobre o uso da água. Parte do pressuposto de que o ensino formal deve direcionar os educandos a posicionarem-se frente às problemáticas e questões sociais, sendo a Educação Ambiental responsável por apresentar aos alunos questões relevantes acerca do desenvolvimento sustentável, especialmente, o uso racional dos recursos hídricos disponíveis. Os resultados obtidos revelaram a forte correlação entre a realidade cotidiana e a construção da percepção de que o uso racional da água é fator indispensável para o desenvolvimento sustentável.

This is a research based on the probabilistic random method for finite population, carried out with 62 students from the 6th to the 9th year of Elementary School enrolled in a college located in the Municipality of Belém (Pará). The objective was to analyze the students' perception about water use. It is based on the assumption that formal education should direct learners to position themselves in the face of social problems and issues, and Environmental Education is responsible for presenting students with relevant questions about sustainable development, especially the rational use of available water resources. The results obtained will reveal that there is a relationship between everyday reality and the construction of a perception that rational use of water is an indispensable factor for sustainable development.

Se trata de una investigación basada en el método aleatorio probabilístico para población finita, realizada con 62 alumnos del 6º al 9º año de la Enseñanza Fundamental matriculados en un colegio localizado en el Municipio de Belém (Pará). Se objetivó analizar la percepción de los alumnos sobre el uso del agua. Parte del supuesto de que la enseñanza formal debe dirigir a los educandos a posicionarse frente a las problemáticas y cuestiones sociales, siendo la Educación Ambiental responsable de presentar a los alumnos cuestiones relevantes acerca del desarrollo sostenible, especialmente, el uso racional de los recursos hídricos disponibles. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que existe una correlación entre la realidad cotidiana y la construcción de una percepción que el uso racional del agua es un factor indispensable para el desarrollo sostenible.
As contribuições da Educação Ambiental em iniciativas de aproveitamento de água da chuva
Las contribuciones de la Educación Ambiental en iniciativas de aprovechamiento de agua de lluvia
The contributions of Environmental Education in initiatives for the use of rainwater
Authors: Mendes Milene Pereira , Mendes Ronaldo Lopes Rodrigues , Cristino Maria da Glória Gomes
Published: March 2019

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar as contribuições da Educação Ambiental em iniciativas de aproveitamento de água da chuva. Neste sentido, observou-se que as experiências de incentivo que utilizaram o aporte da Educação Ambiental buscaram contribuir, principalmente, para construções de conhecimentos voltados ao manejo correto da água captada, a fim de proporcionar o acesso à água de qualidade aos beneficiados e gerar condições de sustentabilidade para as experiências. A incorporação de ações de Educação Ambiental é um importante método de sensibilização e mudanças de percepção e de atitudes, ligadas ao aproveitamento da água de chuva, tem potencial de gerar condições de sustentabilidade para experiências de incentivo e mudar a realidade vivencial daqueles que estão em situação de vulnerabilidade hídrica.

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo verificar las contribuciones de la Educación Ambiental en iniciativas de aprovechamiento de agua de lluvia. En este sentido, se observó que las experiencias de incentivo que utilizaron el aporte de la Educación Ambiental buscaron contribuir, principalmente, a construcciones de conocimientos dirigidos al manejo correcto del agua captada, a fin de proporcionar el acceso al agua de calidad a los beneficiados y generar condiciones de sostenibilidad para las experiencias. La incorporación de acciones de Educación Ambiental es un importante método de sensibilización y cambios de percepción y de actitudes ligadas al aprovechamiento del agua de lluvia, tiene potencial de generar condiciones de sustentabilidad para experiencias de incentivo y cambiar la realidad vivencial de aquellos que están en situación de vulnerabilidad hídrica.

The present research has the objective of verifying the contributions of the Environmental Education in initiatives for the use of rainwater. It was observed that the experiments used contributed mainly to knowledge of the correct management of captured water, in order to provide access to water quality to the beneficiaries and generate conditions of sustainability for the experiences. The incorporation of Environmental Education actions is an important method of sensitizing and changing perceptions and attitudes, linked to the use of rainwater, has the potential to generate sustainability conditions for incentive experiences and to change the experiential reality of those who are in a situation of water vulnerability.
Development and Validation of a Model to Predict Regression of Large Size Hepatocellular Adenoma
Authors: Klompenhouwer Anne Julia , Alblas Maaike , van Rosmalen Belle Vivica , Haring Martinus Petrus Daniel , Venema Esmee , Doukas Michail , Thomeer Maarten Guillaume Josephus , Takkenberg Robert Bart , Verheij Joanne , de Meijer Vincent Erwin , van Gulik Thomas Matthijs , Lingsma Hester Floor , de Man Robert Auke , Ijzermans Jan Nicolaas Maria
Published: March 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Surgery is advocated in hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) >5 cm that do not regress to <5 cm after 6–12 months. The aim of this study was to develop a model for these patients, estimating the probability of HCA regression to <5 cm at 1 and 2 years follow-up.

METHODS:

Data were derived from a multicenter retrospective cohort of female patients diagnosed with HCA >5 cm at first follow-up. Potential predictors included age, body mass index, and HCA diameter at diagnosis (T0), HCA-subtype (hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α inactivated HCA, inflammatory-HCA, unclassified HCA) and “T0-T1 regression-over-time” (percentage of regression between T0 and first follow-up (T1) divided by weeks between T0 and T1). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to develop a multivariable model with time to regression of HCA < 5 cm as outcome. Probabilities at 1 and 2 years follow-up were calculated.

RESULTS:

In total, 180 female patients were included. Median HCA diameter at T0 was 82.0 mm and at T1 65.0 mm. Eighty-one patients (45%) reached the clinical endpoint of regression to <5 cm after a median of 34 months. No complications occurred during follow-up. In multivariable analysis, the strongest predictors for regression to <5 cm were HCA diameter at T0 (logtransformed, hazard ratio (HR) 0.05), T0-T1 regression-over-time (HR 2.15) and HCA subtype inflammatory-HCA (HR 2.93) and unclassified HCA (HR 2.40), compared to hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α inactivated HCA (reference). The model yielded an internally validated c-index of 0.79.

DISCUSSION:

In patients diagnosed with HCA > 5 cm that still exceed 5 cm at first follow-up, regression to <5 cm can be predicted at 1 and 2 years follow-up using this model. Although external validation in an independent population is required, this model may aid in decision-making and potentially avoid unnecessary surgery.
Endoscopic Papillectomy for Major and Minor Papillary Adenoma in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Ahmed Moiz , Philipose Jobin , Hunton Andrew , Andrawes Sherif
Published: March 2019

Ampullary adenomas can occur sporadically or in the patients with adenomatous polyposis syndrome, including familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and MUTYH-associated polyposis. The potential for malignant transformation is high in the setting of FAP. Although endoscopic resection of major papillary adenoma has been well described, minor papilla adenomas are exceptionally rare. This is the second documented case of an endoscopic papillectomy in a patient with FAP with simultaneous ampullary adenoma of the major and minor papilla.
A Successful Steroid-Sparing Approach in Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome
Authors: Mao Eric J. , Hyder Sarah M. , DeNucci Thomas D. , Fine Sean
Published: March 2019

Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome (CCS) is a rare, sporadic polyposis condition. The literature on CCS consists mostly of case reports. Although disease presentation has been well-described, there is no consensus on the management of CCS. We present a severe case of CCS that demonstrated clinical and endoscopic response to corticosteroids. This response was maintained with azathioprine. This case provides additional experience on a therapeutic strategy to induce and maintain a durable corticosteroid-free remission.
Precisamos de “stops” durante o alinhamento?
Authors: Martins Renato Parsekian
Published: March 2019

"Em algumas colunas anteriores, já explicamos a importância da resistência ao deslizamento do fio pelos braquetes durante o alinhamento dos dentes. Quando defletimos o fio de níquel-titânio, empurrando-o para o fundo da canaleta, ele não só acaba tendo um comprimento maior do que o espaço presente do paciente, mas também pode produzir um travamento elástico1. Esse travamento impede o fio de deslizar e faz com que ele produza forças e aja como uma mola, projetando os dentes e criando os espaços necessários para o alinhamento, e todos nós sabemos que precisamos de espaços para corrigir rotações (Fig. 1 e 2). É por isso que conseguimos alinhar dentes com o aparelho ortodôntico, mas é também pelo mesmo motivo que espaços podem se abrir durante as fases iniciais do tratamento, quando já temos os espaços necessários para o alinhamento e nivelamento, mas ainda existe travamento. Isso é verdadeiro. Entretanto, existem situações clínicas nas quais não se consegue gerar travamento do fio e, consequentemente, os dentes não se alinham, pois os espaços não são criados." [...]
Avaliação da resistência à força de cisalhamento da colagem indireta de acessórios ortodônticos em quatro diferentes métodos
Authors: Bellettini Camila Amador , Bellato Alessandro , Cerveiro Guilherme Pessoa , Bacci Henrique Humberto Dias
Published: March 2019

Introdução: o conhecimento sobre os materiais empregados, tratamentos realizados e técnicas disponíveis é de essencial importância para um tratamento efetivo em Ortodontia. Objetivo: o presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a diferença entre a resistência ao cisalhamento quando se emprega apenas resina ou resina e adesivo ortodôntico na base do botão na colagem de transferência. Métodos: a amostra foi composta por 50 pré- -molares, 10 para cada grupo. Foram utilizados 50 botões ortodônticos. G1: base do botão limpa com álcool 96º; aplicou-se o adesivo ao dente e a resina na base do botão. G2: base limpa com álcool 96º; aplicou-se resina ao dente e a mesma aplicada na base do botão. G3: base limpa com álcool 96º, jato de óxido de alumínio, e novamente álcool 96º; aplicou- se resina ao dente e a mesma aplicada na base do botão. G4: base limpa com álcool 96º; aplicou-se adesivo ao dente, e o mesmo sistema na base do botão. G5: base limpa com álcool 96º, jato de óxido de alumínio, e novamente álcool 96º; aplicou- se adesivo ao dente, e o mesmo na base do botão. O sistema de fixação utilizado foi resina Transbond XT, fabricada pela 3M do Brasil. Foi realizado o ensaio de cisalhamento com a máquina de ensaios universal VERSAT 502. Resultados: não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto aos resultados. Conclusão: estatisticamente, quanto ao teste de cisalhamento, ambos os métodos testados apresentaram resistência satisfatória. A colagem indireta apresentou bons resultados, e a resina Transbond XTT, adequada resistência.
A presença de aparelhos ortodônticos fixos altera a microbiota gengival em nossos pacientes?
Authors: Cardoso Randerson Menezes , Sá e Benevides Monique Plauto , Vajgel Bruna de Carvalho Farias , Souza Camila Angra , Souza Paulo Roberto Eleutério de , Cimões Renata
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a condição gengival e a presença na microbiota subgengival das bactérias Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans e Tannerella forsythia em pacientes periodontalmente saudáveis submetidos a tratamento com aparelho ortodôntico fixo. Métodos: vinte pacientes foram distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo experimental (GE; n=10) – tinham má oclusão e receberam tratamento ortodôntico; e grupo controle (GC; n = 10) – não tinham má oclusão e nunca tinham se submetido a tratamento ortodôntico. Amostras microbiológicas foram coletadas antes e três e seis meses depois da instalação do aparelho ortodôntico fixo, e analisadas pela técnica de reação em cadeia polimerase. O índice de placa (IP) e o sangramento à sondagem (SS) também foram registrados. Os dados foram analisados com ANOVA, t-Student e o teste Exato de Fisher (p < 0,05). Resultado: a média do índice de placa diminuiu em ambos os grupos, bem como foi observada uma diferença estatística entre os grupos com três e seis meses (p < 0,05). Quanto à presença da bactéria A. actinomycetemcomitans, foi detectada apenas no GE com três e seis meses, e a T. forsythia foi detectada em dois pacientes em ambos os grupos com seis meses (p > 0,05). Conclusão: foi possível demonstrar altos valores no IP dos pacientes com aparelhos ortodôntico, se comparados com o GC em todas as avaliações. O aparelho ortodôntico parece aumentar a presença de patógenos putativos periodontais.
Eficácia de contenções fixas e removíveis na prevenção da recidiva do apinhamento anteroinferior
Authors: Dias Viviane Alves Pereira , França Esdras de Campos , Neves Leniana Santos , Lombardi Marcelo de Araújo , César Cibele Comini , Drummond Alexandre Fortes
Published: March 2019

Introdução: a recidiva do apinhamento anteroinferior é um problema recorrente e um dos principais fatores que levam os pacientes a optar pelo retratamento ortodôntico. Entretanto, não há consenso na literatura sobre a eficácia dos diversos tipos de aparelhos de contenção utilizados. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar um estudo-piloto para analisar e comparar a eficácia dos aparelhos de contenção fixos e removíveis, no que diz respeito à prevenção da recidiva do apinhamento anteroinferior, após a fase ativa do tratamento ortodôntico, em pacientes de um Curso de Especialização em Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Métodos: uma amostra de 23 pacientes em fase de controle de contenção foi aleatoriamente recrutada e dividida em dois grupos: Grupo 1 = contenção fixa; Grupo 2 = contenção removível. O Índice de Irregularidade dos Incisivos de Little foi utilizado para mensurar o apinhamento anteroinferior, através da análise de modelos de gesso confeccionados antes do tratamento (T0), após o tratamento (T1) e pelo menos um ano pós-tratamento (T2). Os testes estatísticos de Mann- -Whitney e de Sinais foram realizados para avaliar a variação do apinhamento durante os três tempos. Resultados: apesar da maior variabilidade no índice de irregularidade no Grupo 2 (Grupo 1mediana: 0,47; Intervalo Interquartílico: [0,02; 0,89]; Grupo 2mediana: 0,82; Intervalo Interquartílico: [0,31; 3,22]), não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas no grau de recidiva de apinhamento em T2 entre os grupos (p = 0,084). Conclusão: ambos os tipos de aparelhos de contenção apresentaram eficácia estatisticamente semelhante na manutenção do alinhamento anteroinferior após o tratamento ortodôntico ativo.
Evaluación de la eficiencia de biodepuración para aguas de pozos profundos en la sabana de Bogotá
Authors: Quintana Germán Melo , Sánchez Leal Ligia Consuelo , Agudelo López Edgar
Published: March 2019

En este artículo se evaluó el proceso de biodepuración de agua a ser utilizada en riegos de hortalizas en Chía, Cundinamarca; el proyecto tuvo como objetivo evaluar el tiempo y acción fitodepuradora con la presencia de tres especies de macrófitas —Eichornnia crassipes, Scirpus californicus y Lemna minor— que por tener características de fácil adaptación fueron seleccionadas. Para realizar la verificación de la acción del biosistema se generó un proceso de evaluación por medios físicos, químicos y microbiológicos, además de utilizar grupos control de Spinacia oleracea, cultivada en la zona de estudio. Se logró concluir que el biosistema posee un alto rendimiento de biodepuración, alcanzando un porcentaje de remoción óptimo para uso agrícola; adicionalmente, el sistema es funcional frente a su construcción, utilización y mantenimiento, dando respuesta a la crítica situación de las aguas empleadas para riego en esta zona colombiana.
Perbedaan Pemberian Deksametason Antara Teknik Premedikasi dan Priming Terhadap Jumlah Neutrofil Pasien Bedah Jantung yang Menggunakan Mesin
Authors: Sumantomo Boy , Nugroho Widya Istanto , Satoto Hari Hendriarto
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang: Bedah jantung terbuka merupakan salah satu jenis operasi dengan trauma yang cukup besar, dalam pelaksanaannya menggunakan mesin jantung paru. Penggunaan mesin jantung paru menyebabkan respon inflamasi yang besar dan ditandai dengan leukositosis (neutrophil). Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi produksi neutrophil ini dengan menggunakan dexamethason, ada beberapa teknik pemberian deksametason diantaranya cara premedikasi dan priming.Tujuan: Membandingkan  dexamethason 1 mg/kgBB sebagai premedikasi dan dexamethason 1 mg/kgBB saat priming terhadap jumlah neutrofil post CPB pada operasi jantung.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan klinik secara acak yang mengikut sertakan 18 pasien bedah jantung ganti katup dengan general anestesi  dan menggunakan mesin jantung paru. Sampel dibagi 2, antara pemberian deksametason teknik premedikasi dan teknik priming. Kelompok premedikasi mendapatkan deksametason 1 mg/kgbb setelah induksi, kelompok priming mendapatkan deksametason 1 mg/kgbb pada mesin jantung paru. Dengan membandingkan jumlah neutrophil pada masing-masing teknik antara preoperasi dan postoperasi.Hasil: pada penelitian ini didapatkan penurunan produksi neutrophil batang untuk teknik premedikasi dengan (p = 0,048) dan terjadi peningkatan neutrophil batang pada teknik priming (p = 0,012). Namun pada pemeriksaan neutrophil segmen terjadi peningkatan yang tidak bermakna untuk teknik premedikasi (p = 0,086) dan peningkatan yang bermakna untuk neutrophil segmen untung teknik priming (p = 0,012).Simpulan: Pemberian dexamethasone 1 mg/kgbb dengan teknik premedikasi terbukti menurunkan jumlah neutrophil batang pada pemeriksaan paska operasi bila dibandingkan pemberian dengan teknik priming. Namun tidak terbukti pada jumlah neutrophil segmen.
Strategi Proteksi Serebral Untuk Operasi Rekonstruksi Arkus Aorta
Authors: Irwanto Fredi Heru , Yuliansyah Rudy , Koto Chairil Gani
Published: March 2019

Intervensi pembedahan pada pada rekonstruksi arkus aorta menyebabkan perubahan pada aliran darah ke otak yang bersifat temporer. Pasien yang menjalani ini memiliki resiko yang tinggi terhadap kelainan neurologis. Proteksi serebral harus menjadi implikasi utama pada pasien-pasien yang menjalani prosedur ini. Hipotermia mengurangi aliran darah ke otak dan menurunkan laju metabolisme oksigen di otak. Perfusi cerebral retrograde biasanya diaplikasikan bersama dengan teknik hipotermia. Perfusi cerebral antegrade secara teoritis lebih fisiologis dibanding metode hipotermia dan perfusi retrograde. Perfusi antegrade memberikan waktu proteksi yang lebih panjang dan bermafaat untuk prosedur yang komplek.
Control of T Cell Responses, Tolerance and Autoimmunity by Regulatory T Cells: Current Concepts
Authors: Chrobák Pavel
Published: March 2019

Regulatory T cells have emerged as an important mechanism of regulating tolerance and T cell responses. CD4+regulatory T cells can be divided into two main groups, natural regulatory T cells, which express high levels of CD25 on their cell surface and phenotypically diverse adaptive (antigen induced) regulatory T cells. Natural regulatory T cells are made in the thymus, and require strong costimulatory signals for induction and maintenance, express a transcription factor called Foxp3, and function by a largely unknown mechanism. Adaptive (antigen induced) regulatory T cells are made by sub-optimal antigenic signals in the periphery, in the presence of immunosuppressive cytokines, often in special circumstances, such as chronic viral infections or after mucosal administration of antigen, and rely on cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β for suppression. Regulatory T cells offer a great potential for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and during transplantation.
Chromium (III) Produces Distinct Type of Cell Death in Cultured Cells
Authors: Rudolf Emil , Červinka Miroslav
Published: March 2019

Chromium acetate hydroxide is a chemical form of trivalent chromium (Cr III) originating from industrial processes. Although considered relatively nontoxic, upon longer treatment intervals it may cause irreversible cellular damage culminating in cell death. In our present work we have attempted to analyze some of the mechanisms whereby this chemical inflicts damage while focusing on the final observed endpoints. We report that 1 mM chromium acetate hydroxide is during weeks lasting treatment capable of injuring the plasma membrane of Hep-2 cells, which in turn becomes permeable to Cr (III) ions. Analyses of several markers of cellular damage; i.e. mitochondrial activity, nuclear integrity and oxidative stress have shown that tested compound interacts directly with subcellular organelles and upon tested concentration and time induces distinct type of cell death bearing features of apoptosis and necrosis.
Hairy Cell Leukemia: An Autopsy Study
Authors: Dědič Karel
Published: March 2019

Autopsy study from 21 patients with hairy cell leukemia was performed. All patients had the expected widespread involvement of the hematopoietic system. Leukemic infiltration of lymph nodes was detected in 12 cases. Liver involvement was present in 19 patients, leukemic infiltration ranged from focal portal and sinusoidal infiltration to massive infiltration that effaced the hepatic architecture. Twelve patients showed leukemic infiltration of the spleen, remaining 9 patients underwent previous splenectomy for massive splenomegaly. We also found leukemic infiltration of kidneys in four cases, two patients showed leukemic involvement of the lungs. The cause of death was related to impaired immunity (sepsis, bronchopneumonia, etc.) in the majority (73 %) of cases.
Changes of Visual Function and Visual Ability in Daily Life Following Cataract Surgery
Authors: Hejcmanová Dagmar , Langrová Hana , Bytton Lisa , Hejcmanová Markéta
Published: March 2019

Purpose: To examine best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity (CS) and functional visual complaints in early cataract and after the cataract surgery. Patients and methods: 53 eyes with early cataract (BCVA 20/30: Snellen charts) were examined before the surgery as well as 12 months after the surgery. BCVA was tested using logMAR chart. CS was examined using VCTS chart in 6 spatial frequencies. Influence of glare was tested using BAT. Patients’ subjective visual functions were evaluted using a questionnaire (distance vision, near vision, mesopic vision and glare conditions). 22 subjects were examined as control group. Results: BCVA was 0.52 (0.22–1.05) preoperatively and 0.83 (0.37–1.26) postoperatively. BCVA in patients in both terms was significantly lower compared to the control group. CS in patients before surgery was significantly lower compared to controls, postoperatively improved significantly and was only nonsignificantly lower compared to controls except for the highest spatial frequency. Glare had only nonsignificant influence. The questionnaire scores were correlated with visual performance in both terms. Conclusions: The significant improvement of both BCVA and CS suggest that cataract surgery improves quality of life in early cataract. Questionnaire should be considered as adjuncts to BCVA and CS in evaluating early cataract.
An Increased Frequency of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Sarcoidosis
Authors: Yanardağ Halil , Pamuk Ömer Nuri , Kızıltan Meral , Yıldız Hilal , Demirey Sabriye , Karayel Tuncer
Published: March 2019

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease which affects the musculoskeletal system; however, its association with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has been reported only rarely. In our study, we tried to determine the prevalence of CTS in our consecutive sarcoidosis patients based on their symptoms and nerve conduction study (NCS). Fiftysix patients (mean age: 45.2) who were followed up with the diagnosis of sarcoidosis at our center and who gave informed consent for NCS were included into the study. The patients were questionned for the presence of hand symptoms: paresthesia, pain, nocturnal paresthesia and/or pain, and, they underwent NCS. Ten (17.9 %) patients had recurrent paresthesia, 12 (21.4 %) had pain, and 8 (14.3 %) had nocturnal paresthesia and/or pain. The results of NCS showed that 41 % of the patients had findings compatible with CTS. Extrapulmonary involvement was significantly more frequent in these patients when compared to patients without CTS (p=0.04). Also, patients with CTS were older than the others and CTS-associated symptoms were more frequent in them although this was not significant (p>0.05). In this study, by performing NCS we detected quite a high prevalence of CTS in our sarcoidosis patients. The fact that most of the patients were asymptomatic was interesting.
Study on Methyl Esterification of Salicylic Acid Using an Intensified Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Yang Gaodong , Chen Si , Li Xiabing , Liu Chengzhi , He Jian , Ding Weiping , Zhou Zheng , Zhang Zhibing
Published: March 2019

Methyl esterification of salicylic acid catalyzed by strong acidic cation exchange resin NKC-9 was carried out on an intensified fixed bed reactor (IFBR) to investigate the effects of different parameters and the results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows: circulation speed is 1.5 L· h−1, catalyst loading is 20 %, initial mole ratio of salicylic acid and methanol is 1:6 and reaction temperature is 343.15 K. The thermodynamics for the methyl esterification of salicylic acid have been studied to obtain the equilibrium constant from the experimental data at different temperature. PH, E-R and LHHW models were used to correlate the kinetic data in the temperature range from 328.15 to 348.15 K. The calculated value is in good agreement with experimental value, indicating that all the models can be used to accurately describe the process of the methyl esterification of salicylic acid.
Expression of genes involved in inflammation and growth – does sampling site in human full-term placenta matter?
Authors: Allbrand Marianne , Åman Jan , Nilsson Kerstin , Cao Yang , Lodefalk Maria
Published: March 2019

Objective

To investigate the placental gene expression of substances in the inflammatory cascade and growth factors at nine different well-defined sampling sites in full-term placentas from 12 normal weight healthy non-smoking women with an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy.

Methods

All placentas (six girls and six boys) were delivered vaginally. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze toll receptor-2 and -4, interleukin-6 and -8, tumor necrosis factor-α, leptin, ghrelin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and -2, hepatocyte growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor receptor and insulin receptor (IR).

Results

The leptin gene and the IR gene showed higher expression in lateral regions near the chorionic plate compared to central regions near the basal plate (P = 0.028 and P = 0.041, respectively).

Conclusion

Our results suggest that the sampling site may influence the gene expression for leptin and IR in placental tissue obtained from full-term normal pregnancies. We speculate that this may be due to differences in placental structure and perfusion and may be important when future studies are designed.
Language ideologies, the soft g, and parody in the Turkish mother tongue classroom
Authors: Karrebæk Martha Sif , Nergiz Özgün
Published: March 2019

Although not often discussed, complementary (‘mother tongue’) classrooms comprise participants who differ substantially in a number of ways. Differences comprise, e.g. participants’ orientations to and understandings of the indexicalities of linguistic registers, which may have been brought along from the presupposed country of origin. It has local consequences when students and teacher do not share normative models, and students refuse the teacher as an expert authority. For instance, it may disrupt the classroom order and complicate processes of classroom language socialization. The societal context of the complementary classroom also has a potential influence on the local effect of valorized differences. In this paper we illustrate how pronunciation differences are made salient in a Turkish mother tongue classroom in Denmark, and how pronunciation feeds into negotiations of expertise, authority and the keying of classroom activities. Situated humorous performance is juxtaposed and intertwined with practices that conventionally index learning. We compare the case study to the wider societal context to discuss how dominant ideologies of language and education contributed to the teacher’s challenges in the specific classroom setting.
Crystal structure of benzyltrichloridobis(1H-pyrazole-κ2
N)tin(IV), C13H15Cl3N4Sn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: March 2019

C13H15Cl3N4Sn, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 32.4593(4) Å, b = 7.43400(10) Å, c = 14.7108(2) Å, β = 106.084(1)°, V = 3410.80(8) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0151, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0410, T = 293(2) K.
Retention behavior of anionic radionuclides using metal hydroxide sludge
Authors: Hamed Mostafa M. , Ahmed I. M. , Holiel M.
Published: March 2019

With the speedy growth of nuclear power production, the removal and disposal of radioactive nuclides such as 129I, 99Tc, 79Se, 36Cl, 93Mo, and 137Cs become major environmental security issues. Retention of these radionuclides, especially anionic species such as 129I (t1/2 1.7 × 107 years), 93Mo (t1/2 4 × 103 years) and 79Se (t1/2 3.27 × 105 years) has been challenging. 129I, 93Mo and 79Se bind very weakly to most sorbents and deposits. This study has examined the sorption potential of Metal hydroxide sludge (MHS) for 125I (t1/2 60.2 days), 99Mo (t1/2 2.75 days) and 75Se (t1/2 120 days) as a surrogate for 129I, 93Mo and 79Se, respectively. MHS has been characterized by different techniques and the factors affecting the sorption processes were investigated. The experimental data were analyzed using kinetic models and thermodynamic parameters. The results showed that the kinetics of sorption of 125I and 99Mo on MHS proceeds according to the pseudo-first-order, on the contrary of 75Se sorption follows pseudo second-order kinetic model. The maximum sorption capacity of MHS was found to be 51.2 mg/g, 46.5 mg/g and 40.2 mg/g for 125I, 99Mo and 75Se, respectively. It can be concluded that, in the case of release of anionic radionuclide species to the surroundings the MHS could act as a succeeded and economical sorbent material for retention of different anionic radionuclides such as 133, 129I, 79Se, 36Cl, 93, 99Mo, and 99Tc. To avoid the release of such anionic species from the stored nuclear wastes to the environment.
Peirce’s universal categories: On their potential for gesture theory and multimodal analysis
Authors: Mittelberg Irene
Published: March 2019

This paper presents an account of how Peirce’s Universal Categories (UCs) of perception and experience may, as heuristic principles, inform gesture theory and multimodal analysis. Peirce’s UCs – Firstness (possibility), Secondness (actuality), and Thirdness (law, habit) – constitute the core of his phenomenology and thus also the foundation of his triadic semiotics. I argue that compared to the basic sign-object relations icon, index, symbol mainly used in previous gesture research, the more fundamental UCs allow one to discern additional facets of how coverbal gestures act as signs. This notably pertains to the phenomenology, multidimensionality, and multifunctionality of gesture. The guiding assumption is that compared to Thirdness-laden linguistic symbols constituting written, spoken or signed discourses, gestures may exhibit the UCs to more strongly varying degrees and in different, modality-specific ways. The multimodal analyses discussed in the paper show how Firstness tends to draw attention to the articulatory qualities of gestural signs, including aesthetic and affective strata, Secondness to their experiential grounding and contextualized meaning, and Thirdness to embodied habits of perceiving, feeling, (inter-)acting, thinking, and communicating with others. I further suggest that particularly through interacting with embodied image schemata and force dynamics, such habits may give rise to flexible regularities and schematicity in gesture.
Roots into functional nodes: Exploring locality and semi-lexicality
Authors: Acedo-Matellán Víctor , Real-Puigdollers Cristina
Published: March 2019

We explore certain predictions of the theory first presented in Acedo-Matellán and Real-Puigdollers (2014), whereby roots correspond to (lately inserted) Vocabulary Items that phonologically and semantically interpret functional nodes. First, we deal with categorizers (a, n, v), a prominent locus for the insertion of roots. Roots such ascatorupare Vocabulary Items that have no context of insertion and are insertable into any categorizer, accounting for the categorial variability of simple words. Derivational affixes like -ationor -alalso correspond to roots inserted into little head categorizers (nanda, respectively, in this case), but their Vocabulary Items have a context of insertion accounting for their categorial rigidity and their c-selection properties. The exploration proposed here focuses, first, on the locality properties of morphemic interactions at the semantic interface, namely, allosemic interactions. We show that our approach makes felicitous predictions seemingly unavailable to those other localist approaches in which roots are distinct nodes in the syntax. Second, we show that the phenomenon of semi-lexicality, as illustrated by classifiers, can be successfully modeled, in our framework, as the insertion of roots into inflectional nodes.
New reasons to root for the Semitic root from Mehri and Neo-Aramaic
Authors: Faust Noam
Published: March 2019

This paper provides two new arguments for the existence of the root as a level of representation in Semitic languages. The first argument, from the South Arabian language Mehri, presents a case of allomorphy in which the choice of the suffixal exponent is sensitive to the last vowel of its base, but not to its last consonant, even though the latter is closer to the position of the suffix than the former. Only an approach which distinguishes between a root and a template can explain this case by placing the template closer to the suffix than the root, against the linear order of segments. The second argument shows how in two Neo-Aramaic languages (Jewish Urmi and Jewish Arbel), only the consonants of verbs must be stored; all other verbal exponents are predictable on this basis.
Detection of Heart Abnormalities Using Fuzzy Decision Making and Wireless Transmission of Disease Information
Authors: Mani Geetha , Mohan Chandran Monica Subashini , Chandrasekaran Monaliza
Published: March 2019

This research work aims to implement the automatic detection of heart abnormality type without doctor’s assessment using electrocardiogram (ECG) features. First, the ECG signal is acquired via Ag-AgCl electrodes, preprocessed using the adaptive Wiener filter to remove the noises and classified with the help of feature extraction techniques and fuzzy decision making (FDM) algorithm. The FDM also finds the type of heart abnormality based on ECG features, such as RRp interval, R peak amplitude detection, and QRS complex interval, and then sends the classified type to the doctor wirelessly via a ZigBee module. The virtual instrument software has been used to validate the proposed concept, and results of both software and hardware parts have been presented to show the effectiveness of the work.
Risk Factors for Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents
Authors: Zanarini Mary C. , Temes Christina M. , Magni Laura R. , Aguirre Blaise A. , Hein Katherine E. , Goodman Marianne
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study was to assess the association between variables reflecting childhood adversity, protective childhood experiences, and the five-factor model of personality and BPD in adolescents. Two groups of adolescents were studied: 104 met criteria for BPD and 60 were psychiatrically healthy. Adverse and protective childhood experiences were assessed using a semistructured interview. The five-factor model of personality was assessed using the NEO-FFI. Eight of nine variables indicating severity of abuse and neglect, positive childhood relationships, childhood competence, and the personality factors studied were found to be significant bivariate risk factors for adolescent BPD. However, in a multivariate model, severity of neglect, higher levels of neuroticism, and lower levels of childhood competence were found to be the best risk factor model. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that all three types of risk factors studied are significantly associated with BPD in adolescents.
Impactos da estratégia World Café em um curso Técnico em Administração: motivação, participação e aprendizado em sala de aula
Authors: Brune Luciana , Magedanz Adriana
Published: March 2019

Este estudo de caso busca analisar os impactos de uma técnica inovadora em sala de aula, o World Café. Objetiva-se verificar se esta metodologia ativa é capaz de interferir significativamente na motivação e no interesse dos alunos, intensificando sua proatividade na busca e construção de soluções para os desafios lançados pelo professor em sala de aula. Os dados, que serviram para alicerçar a parte empírica da pesquisa, são oriundos de um questionário semiaberto, com análise de conteúdo quanti e qualitativa, respaldada na categorização de dados produzidos pelo feedback dos discentes da turma envolvida. O resultado deste processo investigativo leva a crer que o World Café pode ser considerado uma eficiente estratégia. A partir da experiência apresentada, confrontada com o referencial teórico, foi possível identificar contribuições significativas no processo ensino e aprendizagem a partir de métodos pouco convencionais em sala de aula.
Apresentação
Authors: Vieira Jarbas Santos , Camargo Siglia Pimentel Höher , Da Cunha Amélia Teresinha Brum , Damiani Magda Floriana
Published: March 2019

Apresentamos com satisfação o Dossiê inspirado em um projeto interinstitucional que se realiza anualmente, desde 2001, na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, denominado Encontro sobre o Poder Escolar. O projeto busca preencher uma lacuna na formação continuada de professores na Região Sul do Estado e estruturou-se como um espaço de encontros entre pessoas e seus saberes, contribuindo para pensar as práticas escolares, conjugando o diálogo entre o saber acadêmico e os saberes da experiência, num movimento em direção à qualificação da Educação Básica e da Educação Universitária.
A LÍNGUA BRASILEIRA DE SINAIS E OS DESAFIOS NO ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA / THE BRAZILIAN LANGUAGE OF SIGNALS AND THE CHALLENGES IN THE TEACH OF GEOGRAPHY
Authors: Rodrigues Tuane Telles , Keppel Matheus Fernando , Miranda Wilson De Oliveira
Published: March 2019

O ensino no Brasil vem sofrendo grandes transformações, oportunizadas pelas frequentes discussões que buscam aprimorar a prática docente e o aprendizado discente de forma humanizadora e democrática. Este texto busca mostrar a complexidade que a tradução do ensino de Geografia possui, principalmente em razão das divergências na criação de sinais para representar os mesmos conteúdos, uma vez que a estrutura da Língua Brasileira de Sinais não possui um consenso nacional frente às especificidades de seu público-alvo. O método empregado teve como base a observação das aulas de Geografia de alunos surdos e deficientes auditivos da Escola Estadual de Educação Especial Dr. Reinaldo Fernando Cóser, localizada no município de Santa Maria/RS, e a aplicação de uma oficina pedagógica que objetivou a alfabetização cartográfica de alunos do sexto ano do ensino fundamental até o primeiro ano do ensino médio. Como resultado, discutimos conteúdos cartográficos que mais trouxeram dificuldades de tradução, e refletimos sobre a necessidade de definir um consenso nacional para a prática didática, principalmente pela existência de regionalismos com implicações linguísticas relevantes que alteram conceitualmente os conteúdos, de forma que os professores possam utilizar os sinais de forma segura e compreensível em qualquer lugar do país.ABSTRACTThe teaching in Brazil has been undergoing great transformations, opportunized by the frequent discussions that seek to improve teaching practice and student learning in a humanizing and democratic way. This text seeks to show the complexity that the translation of Geography teaching has, mainly due to the differences in the creation of signals to represent the same contents, since the structure of the Brazilian Sign Language does not have a national consensus regarding the specificities of its target Audience. The method used was based on the observation of the Geography classes of deaf and hearing impaired students of the State School of Special Education Dr. Reinaldo Fernando Cóser, located in the city of Santa Maria / RS, and the application of a pedagogical workshop that aimed at literacy cartographic study of students from the sixth year of elementary school to the first year of high school. As a result, we discuss cartographic contents that have brought more difficulties for translation, and we reflect on the need to define a national consensus for didactic practice, mainly by the existence of regionalisms with relevant linguistic implications that conceptually alter the contents, so that teachers can use the signals in a safe way and understandable anywhere in the country.Keywords: Geography Teaching; School Cartography; Libras.