bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التَّعليل المقاصدي وأثره في فهم الحديث النَّبوي
Authors: تومي نورالدين
Published: April 2023

إنَّ الفهم السَّليم لأحاديث النَّبيِّ واستنباط الأحكام منها لم يُترك لآراء النَّاس وأفكارهم وأهوائهم، بل مرجعُه إلى أصولٍ دلَّت عليها نصوص الكتاب والسُّنَّة، ولذلك تتبَّع الأئمَّة والعُلماء تلك الأصول، وقعَّدوا منها القواعد وأسَّسوا الأسس ووضعوا الضَّوابط لفهم الحديث، ومن أهمِّ تلك القواعد فهمُ الحديث على وفق مقاصد الشَّريعة، فإنَّ فهم الحديث النَّبوي بمعزلٍ عن مقاصد الشَّريعة يؤدِّي إلى نتائج وخيمة بعيدة عن مُراد الشَّارع، وإنَّ من أكبر ما يُعين على ضبط الاستدلال بالمقاصد معرفة العِلَّة المقاصدية التي جاء بها النَّص، وهو ما يُسمَّى بالتَّعليل المقاصدي، وهو التَّعليل بجلب المصالح أو دفع المفاسد، وعلى هذا الاعتبار جاء هذا البحث ليسلِّط الضوء على أثر التَّعليل المقاصدي وأهميته في فهم الحديث النَّبوي، من خلال نماذج تطبيقية من أحاديث المصطفى مصنَّفة على وفق خطَّة تضمَّنت في مجملِها، أثر التَّعليل المقاصدي في فهم الحديث عموما وفي التَّرجيح بين الأقوال المختلفة، وأثره في فهم مُشكِل الحديث ومختلَفه، كما تمَّ التَّطرُّق إلى ضوابط إعمال التَّعليل المقاصدي، ويهدفُ هذا البحث إلى تصحيح كثيرٍ من الفُهوم الخاطئة في فهم النُّصوص النَّبوية، وإزالة اللَّبس عن فهمِ كثيرٍ منها، خصوصًا ما يتعلق بالمشكل والتَّرجيح بين الأقوال المختلفة في فهم الحديث، وكانت أهم نتائج البحث: أنَّ التَّعليل المقاصدي من أهمِّ الموازين التي يُفهم بها الحديث فهمًا مطابقا لمراد الشَّارع، كما يعتبر قائدًا إلى معرفة روح النُّصوص ومدلولاتها الكُلية، ويعتبر التَّعليل المصلحي حَكَمًا في التَّرجيح بين كثير من الأقوال المختلفة في تفسير الأحاديث، كما أنَّ التدبُّر في العلَّة المصلحية للحديث يزيل كثيرًا من الغموض الموجود في الأحاديث ويرفع الإشكال عنها، وهو من أهمِّ أوجه الجمع والتَّرجيح بين الأحاديث التي ظاهرها التَّعارض.
التوظيف المقاصدي للنص الحديثي بين الإفراط والتفريط
Authors: سلمان نصر
Published: April 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان الجانب السلبي للتوظيف المقاصدي للنصوص الشرعية عموما والنص الحديثي خصوصا ،إذ كثير ممن تنكب طريق الوسطية والاعتدال انتهج مسالك الإفراط والتفريط ، ، أو الشد والإرخاء في استخدامه المقاصد الشرعية في فهم النصوص والاستنباط منها ،حيث تولد عنه فهوم لا تمت لروح الشريعة وسماحتها بسبب ،مما دعانا لضرورة عرض أسباب هذا التوظيف المقاصدي المجانب للمنهج العلمي السليم ،شافعين ذلك ببعض الطرق العلاجية له ،ومذيلين له بقصيدة شعرية تضم بين جنباتها كيفية التعامل الصحيح مع الفهم المقاصدي للنصوص
الفهم المقاصدي للسنة التشريعية، فهمٌ من داخل المنظومة الفقهية والأصولية أم من خارجها؟
Authors: خلفي وسيلة
Published: April 2023

عندما يكون المقصود بالفهم المقاصدي للسنّة النّبوية هو فهم مقاصد النّبي صلى الله عليه وسلم من كلامه وأفعاله وتقريراته، فإنّ هذا يُحيل ابتداء على موضوع مقاصد الشّارع، ويستدعي بالضّرورة النّظر في منهج الصّحابة رضي الله عنهم في فهم ما تلقونه من النّبي صلى اللهعليه وسلم ؛ إذ لا يُتصوّر أن يوسم فهمٌ ما بأنّه فهمٌ مقاصدي للسنّة النّبوية ثم يتأخّر عن وقت التّنزيل ولا يتشكّل في تلك الفترة التي كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بنفسه يُعلّم ويُربي ويعيش مع الصّحابة معاني الإسلام وأحكامه في مختلف شعاب الحياة. لكن لما تأخّر تصنيف العلوم الدّائرة على الوحي، حتى القرن الثّاني للهجرة، حيث جُمعت السنّة وصنِّف علم أصول الفقه، بدأت تظهر بعض الصُّعوبات في الإمساك بالفهم المقاصدي للسنّة النبوية والذي تشكّل زمن التّنزيل، حيث كانت المشافهة هي قناة التّواصل المهيمنة بامتياز على جميع صور البلاغ. وإذا حصرنا الموضوع في خصوص السنّة التّشريعية، فإنّنا نكون عندئذ بإزاء مفهوم البيان، وهو مفهوم محوري، ظهر خلال القرن الثّاني عندما ألف الشّافعي الرسالة وضبط فيها مستويات البيان، وكان الاعتناء بالبحث عن مقاصد الشّارع متزامنا مع نشأة علم أصول الفقه، خصوصا مقاصد الخطاب الشّرعي، وعليه لم تكن قواعد الدلالات في أصول الفقه خاصّة بالكتاب وحده بل شملت السنّة كذلك، فالكلّ وحي "متلو وغير متلو" والكل جاء بلسان عربي لا تكشف عن مقاصده إلا قواعد فهم الخطاب في اللّسان العربي. لقد تشوّف العقل الفقهي والأصولي منذ بدء تشكّله إلى فهم مقاصد الشّارع المبثوثة في كلامه، وهي الغاية التي تجلّت عبر تاريخ التّشريع في مختلف المذاهب الفقهية والمدارس الأصولية. وإذا كان التّدوين قد اتّجه أساسًا إلى ما كان شفهيا من العلم والمعرفة الدّينية، فصبَّه في قالب من القواعد والقوانين، فهل يمكن اليوم الحديث عن فهم مقاصدي للسنّة التّشريعية، خارج المعرفة التي أسّسها الفقهاء أصلا من أجل ضبط هذا الفهم وتقنينه؟ ثمّ إذا كانت النّصوص هي المصدر الأوّل والوحيد للكشف عن مقاصد الشّارع، كما تأكّد ذلك مع اكتمال النّظر المقاصدي عند الإمام الشاطبي، فكيف تكون هذه المقاصد بعد ذلك موجّهة لفهم السنّة وهي بالأساس النّصوص التي منها استُخلِصت مقاصد الشّارع؟ إنّ الحديث عن الفهم المقاصدي للسنّة التّشريعية اليوم، لعلّه لا يخرج عن مسارين: مسار يتغيّا تتبع هذا الفهم منذ تشكّل في عصر الصّحابة إلى أن استقرّ في مختلف المذاهب، وهذا في الحقيقة جهد بدأ منذ بدء التّدوين واستمرّ مبثوثا في المذاهب، ثم كانت له تجليات في مختلف علوم الشّريعة، ومسار يتغيّا التفلّت من المنظومة الفقهية والأصولية وادّعاء فهم جديدٍ للسُّنّة كامنا ما زال لم يُكشف عنه بعد، فهل يتيسّر لمن يتعامل مع الآلاف من نصوص السنّة، نصوصًا مروية منقولة في الكتب أن يكشف منها عن مقاصد النّبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم أن قالها قبل قرون؟ هذا ما سعيت للإجابة عنه من خلال هذا العنوان، للمشاركة في المؤتمر الدّولي الذي تعتزم كلية أصول الدين بجامعة الأمير عبد القادر تنظيمه.
الفهم المقاصدي للسنة بين التثبت والفهم والتنزيل
Authors: حميداتو مصطفى
Published: April 2023

تفاوت العلماء في حفظ السنة وروايتها بين مكثر ومقلّ ، وضابط ومخل. كما تباينت مناهج العلماء في فهم السنة بين من اكتفى بظاهر أقواله ☺، ومن آخذ بمآلاتها ومقاصدها. ذلك أن فهم السنة بمعزل عن مقاصد الشريعة كثيرا ما يودي إلى الخطأ في معرفة مراد الشارع . إن ضوابط ومتطلبات الفهم المقاصدي للسنة كثيرة ومتشعبة لارتباطها بعلوم الحديث والأصول والمقاصد، والإحاطة بها دونه المجلدات، سألقي الضوء في هذه الورقة على ثلاثة أمور رئيسية أرى بأنها تتحكم في الفهم السليم وكشف مقاصد السنة النبوية الشريفة وهي: - التأكد من ثبوت الحديث عن النبي ☺. - الفهم الجيد للنص النبوي فهما مبنيا على أصول اللغة وقواعد الشريعة - حسن التنزيل للسنة.
Regional features of changes in the normals of the main climatic parameters in Russia
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information – World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC), Obninsk, Kaluzhsky region, Russia, Korshunova N.N. , Shvets N.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information – World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC), Obninsk, Kaluzhsky region, Russia
Published: April 2023

The regional features of changes in the normals of the main climatic parameters (air temperature, precipitation, water vapor tension, sea level pressure) on the territory of Russia are studied for three 30-year periods: 1961–1990, 1981–2010, and 1991–2020. Climate normals are calculated in accordance with the WMO requirements. In addition to the difference in the normals for stations, the values averaged over the territory of quasihomogeneous climatic regions are calculated. Seasonal changes in the regime of the main climatic parameters in certain regions of Russia over the past decades are revealed. In the last thirty years, a slowdown in warming in all seasons has been revealed on the territory of Russia. Summer precipitation normals for 1991–2020 decreased in most of the country, however, a significant increase in precipitation was found in the southern regions of Yakutia, the Amur region, and Primorye. For the regime of sea level pressure, the greatest changes are revealed in winter. The differences in climatic normals obtained in the present study can be considered as one of the indicators of climate change that are differently manifested in different regions of Russia. The information can be useful for developing preventive adaptation measures under changing climate. Keywords: climate, climate normal, air temperature, precipitation, air pressure, partial water vapor pressure, regional features
Dynamics of meteorological factors affecting desertification of the Kura-Aras Lowland during 1991–2020
Authors:   Azerbaijan Airlines” Closed Joint-Stock Company, Azeraeronavigation Air Traffic Control, Baku, Azerbaijan, Gadzhiev A.Kh.
Published: April 2023

The influence of meteorological factors on the changes in landscapes and the climatic regime of the Kura-Aras Lowland over a 30-year period (1991–2020) is investigated. An interest in the region is caused by the major environmental problem: an increase in the area of saline lands of the Kura-Aras Lowland and the expansion of the area of its desertification. The dynamics of temperature, precipitation, wind, as well as the influence of the Caspian Sea level during 1991–2020 is compared with the parameters for 1961–1990. It is shown that over the recent 30 years, the average annual temperature in the lowland has increased by 0.8 °C as compared to the period of 1961–1990. Keywords: Kura-Aras Lowland, climate change, desertification, precipitation, temperature anomaly, correlation, interpolation, trend
Electrodynamic Withstand of Power Transformers to Short-Circuit Currents
Authors: A. Yu. Khrennikov , N. M. Aleksandrov
Published: April 2023

The analysis of simplified expressions allows us to estimate the electrodynamic withstand of power transformers to short-circuit currents on power electrical station and substation. Examples of calculations of magnetic field induction, mechanical forces and pressures that determine the electrodynamic withstand of electrical equipment are given. Simplified qualitative calculations allow us to assess the impact of key parameters on the selection of appropriate elements and the possible range of their changes during the design, operation and modernization at the preliminary design stage.
In vitro micropropagation of Chlorophytum borivilianum: A Predictive Model Employing Artificial Neural Networks trained with a range of Algorithms
Authors: Kaushik Preeti , Khurana Neha , Rani Madhu , Krishan Gopal , Kapoor Sonia
Published: April 2023

The formulation of plant tissue culture media continues to be a complex undertaking, primarily due to the intricate interplay of multiple components. Numerous factors (such as genotype, disinfectants, media pH, temperature, light, and immersion time) interact to affect the process of plant tissue culture. The artificial neural network is considered one of the most potent computational techniques that has emerged as a highly potent and valuable methodology for effectively representing intricate non-linear systems. This research paper focuses on the development of a predictive model for determining the number of shoots in response to different macronutrient compositions in the culture medium used for in-vitro micropropagation of Chlorophytum borivilianum. The study employs artificial neural networks (ANNs) trained with different algorithms to accurately predict the number of shoots and shoot length of the plant species. These algorithms include the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG), and Bayesian Regularisation (BR) backpropagation algorithms. A feed-forward backpropagation network was constructed with a single hidden layer consisting of ten nodes and two output units in the output layer. The input vector contained five elements. The transfer functions 'tansig' and 'purelin' were utilized for the hidden and output layers, respectively. In this study, the effectiveness of neural networks was tested by contrasting the outcomes with real-life data gathered from in-depth tissue culture experiments, which was named the target set. The comparative analysis of "Mean Square Error" and Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of networks for improved training initialization. The prediction ability of Levenberg-Marquardt was found superior to other training algorithms with an R-value of 9.92 also the output range of network ‘trainlm’ was closest to the empirical target range during the comparison of experimental target data ranges from wet lab practice.
МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ ПОЛЬЗОВАТЕЛЬСКИХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ БИМ МОДЕЛЕЙ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ БАЗОВЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Ермолов Денис Вадимович
Published: April 2023

Применение массива объектов и рекурсии для раскладки СВСиУ в трехмерном пространстве позволяет уменьшить область хранимой информации и увеличить скорость производимой операции. (Массив - упорядоченная структура данных, которая используется для хранения однотипных объектов. Рекурсия - это определение объекта через обращение к самому себе.)
A REVISIT OF VIETNAM-INDIA CULTURAL DIPLOMACY ACTIVITIES (2016–2021) AND ITS PROSPECTS
Authors: Ha Trieu Huy
Published: April 2023

This article traces the evolution of Vietnam-India cultural relations between 2016 and 2021. The methodology of qualitative research design, data collection, and thematic and textual analysis are used to shed light on the rise of Vietnam’s and India’s cultural diplomacy. The article describes the substantial development in Vietnam-India cultural diplomacy between 2016 and 2021 with clear evidence of cultural events. Based on the closely examined process of India-Vietnam cultural relations and the national policies of Vietnam and India, the author provides an outlook for these bilateral cultural ties in the future.
Protection of immovable objects of cultural heritage under aggressive war conditions: theoretical and practical aspects
Authors: Mishchenko Maryna
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper is to analyze the theoretical foundations and practical components of the protection of immovable objects of cultural heritage in the conditions of an aggressive war unleashed by russia on the territory of Ukraine.
Methodology. The author uses as a methodological basis of this study the principles and methods of the cultural approach to the analysis of numerous publications, practical experience and norms of national legislation on the protection of cultural heritage.
Results. Circumstances that significantly complicate the protection of immovable monuments in the conditions of martial law include the lack of direct legislative regulation of monument protection activities in this period, the practical possibility of predicting the degree of risk for them within different regions of our country, sufficient funding for the protection of monuments depending on their type and actual location.
Novelty. It was determined that despite the state of war, the activities of the state registration of immovable objects of cultural heritage under the category of national or local importance continue. It was also argued that in the context of ensuring the protection of immovable objects of cultural heritage, the methods of “physical protection” cannot be applied to all their types.
Doronicum Cinsinin Taksonomisi, Geleneksel Kullanımı ve Terapötik Önemi: Derleme
Authors: ERARSLAN Zeynep Büşra , KÜLTÜR Şükran
Published: April 2023

Asteraceae familyası 485’i endemik olmak üzere içerdiği 1311 tür ile ülkemiz florasında bulunan tür sayısı bakımından en zengin familyadır. Familyanın Senecioneae tribusunda yer alan Doronicum L. cinsi son verilere göre ülkemizde 9 tür ve 1 alt tür ile temsil edilmekte olup endemizm oranı %40’tır. Ülkemizde bulunan türlerin genellikle yayılış alanları dar olup çoğunlukla Kuzey ve Doğu Anadolu dağlarının nemli bölgelerinde yetişmektedirler. Cins üzerinde en son kapsamlı çalışmalar 2000’li yılların başında gerçekleştirilmiş olup türler üzerinde yapılan bazı morfolojik ve moleküler çalışmalarla cinsin sistematiği aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda Türkiyede’de yer alan bazı türler sinonim seviyesine düşürülmüştür. Avrupa’da Doronicum türlerinden halk arasında kalp hastalıkların, epilepsi, malarya, sindirim sistemi hastalıkları ve akrep-yılan zehirlenmeleri gibi çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde yararlanılmaktadır. Ülkemizde D. orientale (Acımık, Baylıkotu, Kaplanotu, Sarı papatya, Sarı çiçek) türünün taze kökleri kısırlık tedavisinde kullanılırken, topraküstü kısımlarının dekoksiyonu dahilen diüretik olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca büyük ve gösterişli çiçeklerinden dolayı Avrupa’da süs bitkisi olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Doronicum türlerinin topraküstü kısımları ve kök ekstrelerinin pirolizidin alkaloidleri, flavonoitler, kumarinler, terpenler, benzofuranlar (tremeton türevleri) gibi bileşikler içerdiği birçok çalışma ile gösterilmiştir. Uçucu yağın içeriğinde ise seskiterpen ve monoterpene bileşikler öne çıkmaktadır. Günümüze kadar türler üzerinde antienflamatuar, antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antitümoral, hepatoprotektif, üreaz inhibitör, α-amilaz inhibitör, α-glukozidaz inhibitor ve kolinesteraz inhibitör aktivite çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her ne kadar zehirli bitkiler olarak bilinseler de Doronicum türlerinin kanıtlanmış biyolojik aktiviteleri ve içerdikleri biyoaktif bileşikler ile bitkisel ilaç olarak kullanılabilecek aday molekülleri içerdikleri düşünülmektedir. Türler üzerinde gerçekleştirilecek ileri çalışmalar ile özellikle Alzheimer hastalığı ve çeşitli kanser türleri için tedaviyi destekleyecek yeni bileşiklerin keşfedilebileceği ümit edilmektedir.
Karaköprü (Şanlıurfa)’da gıda olarak tüketilen yabani bitkiler üzerinde etnobotanik bir araştırma
Authors: AKAN Hasan , BALOS Mehmet Maruf
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, Şanlıurfa merkez ilçesi olan Karaköprü’de yaşayan yöre halkının, gıda olarak tükettiği yabani bitkiler belirlenmiş ve kullanım biçimleri tespit edilmiştir. Amacımız, halkın yabani bitkilerden yararlanma biçimlerini araştırmak ve ülkemiz etnobotaniğine katkı sağlamaktır. Bu bitkiler, özellikle ilkbahar aylarında kırsal kesimde yaşayan insanlar tarafından toplanarak semt pazarlarına getirilmektedir. Bu bitkilerin bir kısmı çiğ veya pişirilerek taze tüketildiği gibi, bir kısmı dondurularak, kurutularak, salamura edilerek veya konserveye işlenerek de tüketilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 50 kaynak kişi ile birebir görüşmeler yapılmış, okullardaki öğrencilerden de destek alınmış ve Etnobotanik bilgi formları düzenlenmiştir. Toplamda 28 farklı familyaya ait 57 yabani bitkinin gıda amaçlı olarak kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Emprego doméstico no Brasil : transições em contextos de crises
Authors: Costa Joana , Russo Felipe Mendonça , Hirata Guilherme , Barbosa Ana Luiza Neves de Holanda
Published: April 2023

Analisam a evolução do emprego doméstico e suas transições para a inatividade e o desemprego entre 2012 e 2021 por meio dos dados da PNAD Contínua. O período selecionado compreende as últimas recessões econômicas brasileiras, tanto aquela iniciada em 2014 quanto a associada à pandemia de covid-19, buscando compreender o que ocorre com o trabalho doméstico em tais contextos recessivos.
Análise do uso do informante proxy na PNAD contínua
Authors: Hypólito Elizabeth Belo , Silva Denise Britz do Nascimento
Published: April 2023

Pretendem ampliar o conhecimento sobre o uso de entrevistas indiretas na PNAD Contínua – isto é, quando um informante proxy responde às perguntas do questionário em nome da pessoa selecionada. Além dos microdados da própria PNAD Contínua dos segundo e terceiro trimestres de 2017, as pesquisadoras obtiveram autorização para acesso a dados individualizados não desidentificados da pesquisa, com o propósito de analisar a taxa de proxy da pesquisa e compreender seus impactos sobre a qualidade dos dados coletados.
Pragmatic modifiers in teachers’ polite requests in EFL classroom interaction in Manggarai, Indonesia
Authors: Gunas Tobias , Simpen I Wayan , Sudipa I Nengah , Artawa Ketut
Published: April 2023

This research mainly explores pragmatic modifiers in shaping teachers’ polite requests in English Foreign Language classroom interaction (henceforth: EFL). The research was designed qualitatively, employing non-participant observation and field-note methods. Audio-video recording and note-taking were used to obtain the data on the male and female teachers’ utterances during classroom interaction. The key apparatuses are a smartphone Vivo of Y21 and a digital voice recorder of 32 GB to capture natural-occurring data. The data were analysed through three interactive procedures of qualitative data analysis; data condensation, display, and conclusion drawing. The data interpretation was primarily drawn on the pragmatic theory of politeness, FTAs, and pragmatic modifiers. Part of the data was analysed from language and gender perspectives. The findings yielded that the male and female teachers applied internal and external pragmatic modifiers to enact polite requests in classroom interaction settings. The internal pragmatic modifiers cover downtoner, politeness marker, appreciative opening, and hedged performative opening. The external pragmatic modifiers include vocative, disarmer, and propitiator. There is a slight difference between male and female teachers in realising those types of pragmatic modifiers. It was partly related to the features of women’s language. However, such empirical evidence could not be directly generated for language and gender. The findings have implications for further investigations to probe the issue in depth.
B12 deficiency and Helicobacter Pylori enfections in Adolescents
Authors: SUMAN Kamuran , GÖK Ebru , KUŞCU Havva , TURAN Hasan , BÜYÜK Musa , SUMAN Murat
Published: April 2023

Abstract:

Aim: Low intake of Vitamin B12 (vit B 12) with malabsorptions are the most critical factors causing the deficiency. Vit B 12 deficiency has also been associated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) gastritis in previous studies. This study's main goal is to find a similar relation with recent studies or an opposite conclusion. For this purpose we choose the most suitable group; patients with the same two diseases HP gastritis and vit B 12 deficiency.

Patients and methods: The whole study was conducted retrospectively. İn the study we included 19 patients (mean age: 15.6 ± 1.3 years ). The B12 levels of patients undergoing upper gastroscopy for any reason were studied. We tried to figure out whether B12 deficiency and HP positivity were statistically significant. The Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method has been used for serum vit B12 level measurement.

Results: There are 15 (62.5%) patients with neurological symptoms and 6 (25.0%) patients with fatigue and weakness. Only 3 (12.5 %) patients have no symptoms. There was no statistical significance between these groups (p=0.224). There are 18 (75%) patients with HP positivity. HP positive and negative patients have levels of B12 108.6 ± 31.1 pg/mL and 113.5 ± 41.2 pg/mL respectively (p=973).

Conclusion: There were no statistical significance with vitamin B 12 levels in HP-positive patients and HP-negative patients. İt sure be beneficial to use a bigger aspect patients group to have better results between HP infection and vitamin B 12 deficiency relation.
VERTEBRAL OSTEOMYELITIS: WHAT HAS CHANGED IN LAST 10 YEARS?
Authors: ELBAHR Umran Şumeyse , ÖZDEMİR Yusuf , KARAALİ Rıdvan , BALKAN İlker , SALTOĞLU Neşe , TABAK Fehmi , METE Birgül
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to describe the demographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of vertebral osteomyelitis in the last decade, mainly by comparing literature and the previous case series performed in our center.

Material and Methods: This is a retrospective, observational, descriptive study performed between 2009-2019 at Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine. All patients were divided into three main groups: pyogenic (PVO), tuberculous (TVO) and brucellar (BVO).

Results: A total of 100 cases were included in this study. Of these 100 patients, 59 had pyogenic, 15 had brucellar and 26 had tuberculous spondylodiscitis. The disease developed postoperatively in 22 (37.4%) of the 59 PVO cases. The common isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus (n = 11), followed by coagulase negative staphylococci (n = 6). BVO rate was lower than previous case series (15 vs. 24). The median time to improvement in the laboratory findings after the administration of the appropriate treatment was 14 days. PET-CT was diagnostic in 81.8% of PVO patients, similar to MRI. However, PET-CT diagnosis rate was significantly low in TVO patients (3 out of 9, p = 0.040).

Conclusion: S. aureus remained the most common etiologic agent. Coagulase negative staphylococci infection rate, mainly related to spinal surgery, and postoperative spondylodiscitis rate is higher than before. Brucellar VO rate is lower, which is mostly related to effective animal vaccination and pasteurization. Although, MRI is the gold standard, PET-CT is a promising technique in diagnosis for PVO.
AGN STORM 2. III. A NICER View of the Variable X-Ray Obscurer in Mrk 817
Authors: Partington Ethan R. , Cackett Edward M. , Kara Erin , Kriss Gerard A. , Barth Aaron J. , De Rosa Gisella , Homayouni Y. , Horne Keith , Landt Hermine , Zoghbi Abderahmen , Edelson Rick , Arav Nahum , Boizelle Benjamin D. , Bentz Misty C. , Brotherton Michael S. , Byun Doyee , Dalla Bontà Elena , Dehghanian Maryam , Du Pu , Fian Carina , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gelbord Jonathan , Goad Michael R. , González Buitrago Diego H. , Grier Catherine J. , Hall Patrick B. , Hu Chen , Ilić Dragana , Joner Michael D. , Kaspi Shai , Kochanek Christopher S. , Korista Kirk T. , Kovačević Andjelka B. , Kynoch Daniel , McLane Jacob N. , Mehdipour Missagh , Miller Jake A. , Panagiotou Christos , Plesha Rachel , Č. Popović Luka , Proga Daniel , Rogantini Daniele , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Sanmartim David , Siebert Matthew R. , Vestergaard Marianne , Ward Martin J. , Waters Tim , Zaidouni Fatima
Published: April 2023

The AGN STORM 2 Collaboration targeted the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 817 for a year-long multiwavelength, coordinated reverberation mapping campaign including Hubble Space Telescope, Swift, XMM-Newton, NICER, and ground-based observatories. Early observations with NICER and XMM revealed an X-ray state 10 times fainter than historical observations, consistent with the presence of a new dust-free, ionized obscurer. The following analysis of NICER spectra attributes variability in the observed X-ray flux to changes in both the column density of the obscurer by at least one order of magnitude (N
H ranges from

2.85

−
0.33

+
0.48

×

10

22

cm

−
2

to

25.6

−
3.5

+
3.0

×

10

22

cm

−
2

) and the intrinsic continuum brightness (the unobscured flux ranges from 10−11.8 to 10−10.5 erg s−1 cm−2). While the X-ray flux generally remains in a faint state, there is one large flare during which Mrk 817 returns to its historical mean flux. The obscuring gas is still present at lower column density during the flare, but it also becomes highly ionized, increasing its transparency. Correlation between the column density of the X-ray obscurer and the strength of UV broad absorption lines suggests that the X-ray and UV continua are both affected by the same obscuration, consistent with a clumpy disk wind launched from the inner broad-line region.
Effects of Magnetic Fields on Gas Dynamics and Star Formation in Nuclear Rings
Authors: Moon Sanghyuk , Kim Woong-Tae , Kim Chang-Goo , Ostriker Eve C.
Published: April 2023

Nuclear rings at the centers of barred galaxies are known to be strongly magnetized. To explore the effects of magnetic fields on star formation in these rings and nuclear gas flows, we run magnetohydrodynamic simulations in which there is a temporally constant magnetized inflow to the ring, representing a bar-driven inflow. The mass inflow rate is 1M
⊙ yr−1, and we explore models with a range of field strength in the inflow. We adopt the TIGRESS framework developed by Kim & Ostriker to handle radiative heating and cooling, star formation, and resulting supernova (SN) feedback. We find that magnetic fields are efficiently amplified in the ring due to rotational shear and SN feedback. Within a few 100 Myr, the turbulent component B
trb in the ring saturates at ∼35 μG (in rough equipartition with the turbulent kinetic energy density), while the regular component B
reg exceeds 50 μG. Expanding superbubbles created by clustered SN explosions vertically drag predominantly toroidal fields from near the midplane to produce poloidal fields in high-altitude regions. The growth of magnetic fields greatly suppresses star formation at late times. Simultaneously, strong magnetic tension in the ring drives radially inward accretion flows from the ring to form a circumnuclear disk in the central region; this feature is absent in the unmagnetized model.
Drought Monitoring Using Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Frantzova Antoaneta
Published: April 2023

The paper deals with the application of the remote sensing for drought monitoring. A way of their application in practice are shown through example for monitoring of drought that is done for three different area in Bulgaria with different pattern, for the same time (July) and for eleven randomly selected years from 1994 to 2009. For the purpose, NDVI, LAI and FPAR vegetation indexes are used.
According to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) drought and floods are the most severity events threatening the country so attention is paid on drought monitoring.
Choice of the Optimum Design of Lateral PMD Using the CFD Method
Authors: Minai Oleksandr , Kuzmich Iryna
Published: April 2023

Residues of propellant components in the power system of the propulsion system, at the end of the operation of the launch vehicle, to a large extent affect its energy characteristics. Propellant management devices (PMD), which are equipped with tanks of modern launch vehicles, provide a continuous supply of liquid propellant components from the tank to the propulsion system without disturbing the continuity of the flow and minimize of the residues of the propellant components. In the tank of a launch vehicle, the presence of a tunnel pipeline complicates, and in certain cases excludes the possibility of taking from the pole of the tank. In this case, the use of a lateral PMD allows solving the problem of propellant intake. The authors carried out a search and justification for the optimal design of the PMD using the example of the fuel tank of the first stage of the "Cyclone-4" launch vehicle, which is equipped with an PMD in the form of a profiled plate. The designs of the siphon and annular PMD are considered. An analytical calculation using empirical dependences, a physical experiment and numerical simulation of their main parameters was carried out. The result of the experimental and computational-analytical work was the determination of the most optimal variant of the PMD, which, according to several parameters, turned out to be a siphon PMD. The introduction of a more advanced siphon PMD into the design of the fuel tank of the "Cyclone-4" launch vehicle will improve the energy characteristics of the launch vehicle by increasing the weight of the output payload by 5.4 kg.
First national record of Microhyla hmongorum Hoang, Nguyen, Phan, Pham, Ninh, Wang, Jiang, Ziegler and Nguyen, 2022 (Anura, Microhylidae, Microhyla) in China
Authors: Wu Yun-He , Yu Zhong-Bin , Lu Chen-Qi , Felista Kasyoka Kilunda , Hou Shao-bing , Jin Jie-Qiong , Chen Jin-Min , Zhang Dong-Ru , Yuan Zhi-Yong , Che Jing
Published: April 2023

To date, 10 species of the genus Microhyla have been recorded in China, of which six were distributed in Yunnan Province. Microhyla hmongorum Hoang, Nguyen, Phan, Pham, Ninh, Wang, Jiang, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2022 was also speculated to be distributed in Xishuangbana, Yunnan Province, China. However, there is no evidence of documentation of M. hmongorum.

We report the first country record of Microhyla hmongorum, based on specimens collected from Yunnan border region. Morphologically, the specimen was consistent with the original descriptions of M. hmongorum. Phylogenetically, the sequences of the specimens from China clustered with the sequence of type specimens of M. hmongorum from Vietnam, with uncorrected pairwise distances of 0.9% at the 16S gene fragment analysed. Therefore, we report M. hmongorum as a new record species in China.
Two new species of genus Leucoagaricus (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Pakistan
Authors: Ashraf Shazia , Naseer Arooj , Usman Muhammad , Khalid Abdul Nasir
Published: April 2023

The genus of basidiomycetous fungi, Leucoagaricus, occurs worldwide, from subtropical to boreal latitudes. Several collections of Leucoagaricus were made during mycological field trips conducted in different forests of Margalla, Pakistan. An integrative framework combining morphological and phylogenetic data was employed for their study. As a result, the two species La. margallensis and La. glareicolor are here described as new to science. Detailed macro- and micro-morphological descriptions, and a molecular phylogenetic reconstruction based on nrITS and LSU sequence data are provided and used to discriminate the new species from morphologically and phylogenetically close taxa. Whereas, our phylogenetic tree inference gave unequivocal support for the inclusion of these two species within the section Leucoagaricus.
An evolutionary paradox on threadsnakes: Phenotypic and molecular evidence reveal a new and remarkably polymorphic species of Siagonodon (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae: Epictinae) from Amazonia
Authors: Martins Angele , Folly Manuella , Ferreira Guilherme Nunes , Garcia da Silva Antônio Samuel , Koch Claudia , Fouquet Antoine , Machado Alessandra , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Pinto Roberta , Rodrigues Miguel Trefaut , Passos Paulo
Published: April 2023

Threadsnakes are known for their conserved external morphology and historically controversial systematics, challenging taxonomic, biogeographic and evolutionary researches in these fields. Recent morphological studies—mostly based on µCT data of the skull and lower jaw—have resolved systematic issues within the group, for instance leading to the description of new taxa or re-positioning little-known scolecophidian taxa in the tree of life. Herein we describe a new polymorphic species of the genusSiagonodonfrom Amazonia based on morphological (external, osteology and hemipenis) and molecular data, and provide the first hemipenial description for the genus. We also reassignSiagonodon acutirostristo the genusTrilepidabased on osteological data in combination with molecular evidence. The new species described represents an evolutionary paradox for scolecophidians because the species displays a remarkable variation in the shape of the snout region that is otherwise always highly conserved in this clade. Finally, this study reinforces the importance of protected areas as essential in maintaining vertebrate populations, including those that are not yet formally described.
Pediatric Toxicology: An Updated Review
Authors: Berg Sarah E. , McCann Sean D.
Published: April 2023

Pediatricians should be familiar with principles of medical toxicology given that intentional and unintentional ingestions are commonly encountered in different medical settings. Most exploratory ingestions are well tolerated and do not cause significant health effects, but a few noteworthy exceptions can lead to serious illness and death. This article reviews common medications and household products likely to cause significant toxicity in pediatric patients, even in small, exploratory ingestions. Increasing cannabis exposures among children and adolescents are also reviewed. Additionally, indications for gastric decontamination with activated charcoal are reviewed. Finally, poisoning prevention strategies are reviewed.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(4):e139–e145.]
Effect of combining acid modification and heat-moisture treatment (HMT) on resistant starch content: A systematic review
Authors: Budiyanti Ratu Reni , Faridah Didah Nur , Wulandari Nur , Jayanegara Anuraga , Afandi Frendy Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is a metabolic disease that is increasingly attracting public attention. Diabetes mellitus is expected to reach 439 million in the world in 2030. Resistant starch (RS) is an indigestible starch which has health properties which has health properties that can be used for preventing diabetes mellitus type 2. In order to increase the RS content, a dual modification method consisted of acidification and heat moisture treatment (HMT) can be applied. The Acid-HMT method is affected by various factors, i.e., acid types, acid concentration, water content ratio, HMT temperature and HMT processing time, and different treatments may result in different RS yields. This study aimed to analyze the effective treatment in the Acid-HMT dual modification to enhance RS content by using a systematic review based on the PRISMA method. The studies revealed that there were 11 articles (n = 68 data) which utilized various acid types combined with HMT. The utilization of acid-alcohol, HCl, and organic acid such as citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid resulted in different results of RS content in modified starch. In addition to acid types, treatment conditions such as acid concentration, acidification time, acidification temperature, water content ratio, HMT time, and HMT temperature also affected the resulted RS. The treatment with 0.2 M citric acid for 24 hours at 25 ℃ combined with HMT with 30% moisture at 110 ℃ for 8 hours resulted in the highest increase in RS content of modified starch.
Hardy-Rogers type contraction in double controlled metric-like spaces
Authors: Ayoob Irshad , Chuan Ng Zhen , Mlaiki Nabil
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we establish a new fixed point result for Hardy-Rogers type contractions in double controlled metric-like spaces. Our result generalizes many important theorems in the literature. We will provide an example to illustrate our results.
Market and home production earnings gaps in Russia
Authors: Hlasny Vladimir
Published: April 2023

This study assesses the evolution of earnings across different groups of workers during Russia's 2000–2013 oil boom and amidst the 2014–2015 oil bust and a trade war. Unconditional quantile regressions and growth incidence curves are applied to nine household surveys for 2000–2016 to estimate earnings gaps across urban/rural, farming/non-farming and gender divides at various earnings quantiles. Gaps in pre-fiscal formal labor market earnings and informal non-market home production are assessed, distinguishing the roles of workers' endowments differentials and returns differentials in production markets. Earning gaps are found to be pervasive, with rural and some female-headed households receiving lower returns on their human capital in part because they lack employment opportunities. Rural Russian households face mobility barriers and lack decent employment opportunities, thus lacking incentives for skill investment. Rural households tend to be less educated and face low returns on their various marketable characteristics. Gender gaps were particularly high historically, particularly among lower quantile groups, but have been steadily falling over the past decade. Growth incidence curves reveal that the 2014 shocks affected particularly harshly the farming and urban households, both immediately and over the following years. We conclude that Russia should strengthen its rural assistance programs and lower the mobility and resettlement barriers to improve rural households' access to education and employment.
Adjustment of the Hot Rolling Technology of Micro-Alloyed Pipe Steel Using a Digital Twin to Provide the Targeted Structure and Properties of the Metal
Authors: Zhukov Nikita V. , Teteryatnikov Vladislav S. , Kuzin Stepan A. , Baraboshkin Kirill A.
Published: April 2023

The results of computer and physical modeling of pipe steel hot rolling on a continuous rolling mill 2000 are presented. The moment of growth of austenite grains and the reasons for their growth are determined. The possibility of grinding the microstructure of the metal before controlled cooling, and the thermal deformation conditions conducive to grinding are investigated. It is shown that Nb (C,N) are not a factor in stopping the growth of austenite grains, but only inhibit the growth processes.
Study on Application of Iron Tailings in Cement Stabilized Macadam
Authors: Sun Jian , Zhdaniuk Valeriy , He Yu Lin , Bieliatynskyi Andrii
Published: April 2023

With the rapid development of ferrous metallurgy, the production of iron tailings as waste after beneficiation is increasing. Due to the shortage of natural stone in road construction, iron tailings can be used as an alternative material to natural stone in semi-rigid bases. In order to study the feasibility of application of cement stabilized iron tailings (CSIT) in semi-rigid base, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), indirect tensile strength (ITS) and cyclic freeze-thaw tests were carried out on cement stabilized iron tailings (CSIT). The gradation composition and cement content were selected as influencing factors. The results show that under the condition of the same cement content, the UCS and ITS of CSIT are proportional to the particle size in the mixture. In CSIT with the same gradation, the mechanical properties increase with the increase of cement content; CSM-40(B) has a higher UCS and CSM-40(C) has a higher ITS, the frost resistance coefficient of CSIT increases with the increase of cement content and the tendency of frost resistance coefficient decreases with the increase of cement content. The frost resistanceofCSM-40 (B) is better than that of CSM-40 (C) for the same cement content. Therefore, for the use of iron tailings in CSM, a suitable gradation composition and cement content should be selected.
Development of a Thermal Model of Welding by the Finite Element Method in Software "Bazis"
Authors: Bilenko George A. , Khaybrakhmanov Radik U. , Korobov Yury S. , Bilenko E.M.
Published: April 2023

The paper presents a model and an algorithm for calculating the operational properties of a metal and a structure after its assembly-welding. The model is based on the equations of non-stationary thermal conductivity and mechanical equilibrium, as well as the analysis of structural-phase transformations using thermokinetic diagrams. It is implemented in the original BAZIS software package. Validation of software was carried out when calculating thermal fields and deformations as applied to arc welding, arc deposition, and laser welding of standard joints.
Receiving of New Carbon-Sulfur-Containing Plastic Lubricants Based on Regenerated Products and Used Sorbents
Authors: Khudoiarova Olha , Blazhko Oleg , Blazhko Alina
Published: April 2023

The work is devoted to the solution of the actual problem of waste management and its use for obtaining useful technical products, in particular, special purpose plastic lubricants. The research has been conducted on the use of spent sorbents after complex adsorption purification of industrial wastewater from Cu2+, S2– and HS–-ions in the composition of plastic lubricants. The composition of the latter includes a solid modified surface of sorbents [(activated carbon + kieselguhr) + CuS + S] and regenerated industrial oil I-40A. High operational properties of plastic lubricants are provided by modification of the solid surface of the components, on which there are active centers for chemisorption. The surface modification of activated carbon has been carried out in order to obtain [Cu(µ-S5)]2 or CuS2 as possible equivalent substitutes for MoS2. It was established that the chemical interaction of the pentasulfide anion and the copper (II) cation ends with the formation of a planar six-coordinated chelate center CuS4(Н2О)2 on the surface, followed by its destruction and the formation of copper (II) sulfide and elemental sulfur. Activated carbon acts not only as a sorbent, but also as an active catalyst of topochemical reactions on a solid surface. Modification of the kieselguhr surface is caused by the presence of active centers on its surface – silanol groups –OH, which are subject to esterification. The developed plastic lubricants provide the necessary operational properties of heat-resistant industrial lubricants.
TiNi Alloy Lattice Structures with Negative Poisson Ratio: Computer Simulation
Authors: Farber Eduard , Orlov Alexey V. , Popovich Anatoly A.
Published: April 2023

Today, one of the problems of modern implants is their high rigidity, which can lead to bone resorption at the interface between the implant and the bone and to the gradual detachment of the implant. In addition, implant detachment can occur due to the positive Poisson's ratio of the implant along its entire length. This phenomenon is described in detail in [1]. As a possible solution to these problems, it is proposed to use lattice structures with negative Poisson's ratio from TiNi alloy. This alloy has a fairly low modulus of elasticity - about 48 GPa. The use of a porous (lattice) structure of an implant made of TiNi alloy will reduce the modulus of elasticity and bring it closer to the modulus of human cortical bone – 12-17 GPa [2], and possibly the modulus of elasticity of cancellous bone – 0.1-5 GPа [3]. In this work, a computer numerical simulation of strut based lattice structures with several variants of unit cell topology with a negative Poisson's ratio is carried out. For the obtained structures, the following characteristics were calculated - elastic modulus (Young's modulus), modulus of elasticity in shear, Poisson's ratio. The modeling process is implemented using the ANSYS 2019 R2 SpaceClaim finite element analysis package. The data obtained confirmed the promising possibility of modeling and fabricating lattice structures with a low elastic modulus and negative Poisson's ratio from a TiNi alloy. Also, on the basis of this data, conclusions about the influence of the topology and porosity of unit cells on the resulting characteristics of the lattice structure were made.
Removal of Textile Wastewater Pollutants Using Zeolite Mineral as Adsorbent: Isotherm Studies
Authors: Subhi Asawer Mahdi , Al-Najar Jenan Abdulkarem , Noori Wallaa Abdul Hadi
Published: April 2023

Heavy metals and organic pollutants may represent long-term hazards to the ecosystem and human health, thus it is important to discover a safe and efficient way to remove pollutants from the environment. Widely varied techniques, such as adsorption for color removal from industrial wastewater, have therefore been developed. Due to its ease of use, its simplicity, ecofriendly and reduced cost as compared to other conventional methods, the adsorption process has been widely used for wastewater treatment. In this study, natural Clinoptilolite zeolite (NCZ) was employed as a high-capacity and low cost adsorbent. Using natural Clinoptilolite zeolite to adsorb dyes is essential for determining how wastewater treatment facilities remove the dye. A series of laboratory adsorption experiments were conducted for equilibrium reactions to study the effect of essential parameters for dye removal, including the amount of zeolite adsorbent 0.03 to 1 g, the methylene blue (MB) and eosin yellow (EY) dye concentration (50 to 200 ppm), the pH value 3 to 11, and the contact time 30 to 120 minutes. The selected range of operating factors was designed using the response surface method to establish a mathematical model that describes the adsorption process .Results showed that the optimum values of these factors to remove methylene blue dye were: 1 g of adsorbent dose, 50 mg/l of MB dye during 80 min at pH of 11 with removal efficiency reached to 99.9 %. ,and the optimum values of these factors to remove eosin yellow dye were: 0.03 g of adsorbent dose, 200mg/l of EY dye during 120 min at pH of 3 with removal efficiency reached to 98 %,also two models (Langmuir and Freundlich) isotherms were studied, Freundlich was best fitted model with a correlation of 0.9737, which suggesting a multilayer adsorption.