bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PRÁTICA DOCENTE PARA A INCLUSÃO DE ESTUDANTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR
Authors: Da Silva Matos Aline Pereira , Pimentel Susana Couto
Published: October 2019

A permanência e o sucesso acadêmico de estudantes com deficiência em Instituições de Educação Superior requerem o uso de metodologias diversificadas e o desenvolvimento de práticas inclusivas por parte dos docentes que atuam neste nível da educação. Com o objetivo de identificar e analisar as práticas diferenciadas desenvolvidas por docentes da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB) no processo de ensino de estudantes com deficiência matriculados em cursos de graduação, este estudo foi realizado a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, como um estudo de caso. No processo de levantamento de dados foi aplicado um questionário e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturada com docentes da UFRB que atuaram com estudantes com deficiência. O estudo traz a referência de legislações brasileiras e normativos institucionais que regem a inclusão na universidade em questão, bem como fundamenta-se em autores diversos que abordam esta temática. Os dados levantados neste trabalho foram organizados em três categorias de análise que apontam indicadores da diversificação de estratégias utilizadas por docentes para inclusão de estudantes com deficiência em cursos de graduação da UFRB, sendo eles: uso de recursos didáticos diversificados; flexibilização no tempo pedagógico; diversificação nos instrumentos e formas de aplicação de atividades avaliativas. Considera-se que tais práticas são favorecedoras da permanência e do êxito acadêmico da pessoa com deficiência no Ensino Superior, pois criam possibilidade de participação ativa nas atividades desenvolvidas.
ENSINO MÉDIO, O LEITOR E A LITERATURA: OS VÁRIOS SENTIDOS DA TEORIA DA RECEPÇÃO
Authors: Da Silva Sampaio Lucimar Pinheiro , Da Silva Eduardo Dias , Duffé Aura Luz
Published: October 2019

No Ensino Médio Brasileiro, os Currículos direcionam o estudo da Literatura para uma sequência temporal de escolas/períodos literários, autores e contextos históricos, que, dependendo de como são apresentados, tornam-se poucos atrativos e até distantes da realidade dos estudantes contemporâneos, imersos na era digital. Diante deste paradoxo, em que a leitura, embora extremante importante, distancia-se do estudante/leitor desta etapa de ensino da educação básica brasileira, este artigo, sob o viés da Teoria da Recepção (JAUSS et al., 2002; ZILBERMAN, 2012), aborda questões sobre o ensino de Literatura (COSSON, 2009; 2014; TINOCO, 2010; 2014) no Ensino Médio público brasileiro, pautado na relação dialógica (BAKHTIN, 2003; 2017) entre jovens leitores da atualidade, os quais estão inseridos numa sociedade com fácil acesso à informação e comunicação mediadas pelas tecnologias, e o texto literário. Para tal abordagem, foram observadas as orientações da Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC do Ensino Médio que embasarão a criação dos novos currículos escolares do país a partir de 2019 e suas manifestações que coadunam com a ideia de que o ensino de Literatura pode ser mais atrativo para os leitores contemporâneos.
EM BUSCA DO CONSENSO: “NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO”, INTELECTUAIS ORGÂNICOS E HEGEMONIA
Authors: Bezerra Vinícius De Oliveira , De Brito Silvia Helena Andrade
Published: October 2019

Neste trabalho, analisamos, apoiado no conceito de hegemonia de Antonio Gramsci, as estratégias utilizadas por frações da classe dominante para obter o consentimento social sobre a reforma do ensino médio (Lei no 13.415/2017), no momento anterior à publicação da Medida Provisória no 746/2016 e no contexto do movimento de ocupações escolares. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa em periódicos eletrônicos tendo por propósito mapear o processo de construção da reforma, bem como levantamento das campanhas publicitárias transmitidas em rede nacional pelas principais emissoras de televisão. Foi possível mostrar que o processo de imposição da reforma passou por momentos tanto de coerção, quanto de consenso: o fomento da ideia de crise educacional, de maneira organizada pela mídia hegemônica, foi ao encontro da reforma, contribuindo para criar consenso ativo e/ou passivo das massas às mudanças impostas; enquanto a repressão estatal foi dirigida aos grupos que não consentiram, particularmente ao movimento secundarista estudantil.
The problem of infinite plate loaded with normal force following a complex trajectory*
Authors: Galaburdin A. V.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. A method for solving the problem of an infinite plate on an elastic foundation is proposed. The plate is affected by a periodic load in the form of a force following an arbitrary closed path. The work objective is to develop a numerical method for solving problems of the elasticity theory for bodies under a moving load. Materials and

Methods. Given the periodicity of the load under consideration, it is decomposed in a Fourier series in a time interval whose length is equal to the load period. The solution to the original problem is constructed by superposition of the solutions to the problems corresponding to the load specified by the terms of the Fourier series described above. The final solution to the problem is presented as a segment of a series. In this case, each term corresponds to the solution of the problem of the impact on an infinite plate of a load distributed along a closed curve (the trajectory of the force motion). To find these solutions, the fundamental solution to the equation of vibration of an infinite plate lying on an elastic base is used.

Research Results. A new method is proposed for solving problems on the elasticity theory for bodies with a load following a closed path of arbitrary shape. The problem of an infinite plane along which a concentrated force moves at a constant speed is solved. It is determined that the trajectory of motion is a smooth closed curve consisting of circular arcs. The behavior of displacements and stresses near a moving force is considered. The energy propagation of the elastic waves is studied. For this purpose, the coordinates of the Umov – Poynting vector are calculated. The effect of the force motion speed on the length of the Umov – Poynting vector is investigated.

Discussion and Conclusions. The method is applicable when considering more complex objects (plates of complex shape, layered plates, viscoelastic plates). Its advantage is profitability since the known problem solutions are used to build the solution. The final decision is expressed in a convenient form – as the sum of curvilinear integrals. The results obtained can be used in the road design process. Studying the energy propagation of elastic waves from moving vehicles will enable to evaluate the impact of these waves on buildings near the road. The wear of the pavement is estimated considering data on the behavior of displacements and stresses
Distinction between the concepts of mathematical and logical modeling
Authors: Kolybenko E. N.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Technologies of mathematical and logical modeling of problem solving according to the existing practice of their distribution are divided into two areas: widespread mathematical modeling and infological modeling which is currently underdeveloped, especially for sophisticated systems. Fundamental differences between these technologies, in particular for the machining preproduction, are that logical modeling is informationally and logically related to organization systems, and mathematical modeling is associated with control processes in the organization systems. Logical modeling is used to operate with geometric objects in the technological schemes of their interaction through basing methods, geometric shaping in a static (ideal) setting of the corresponding schemes. Mathematical simulation is used to operate material objects in the control processes of their transformations through cutting methods, i.e. imperfectly, considering heterogeneous errors. Between the organization systems under study and management processes in them, there are information and logical links of their organic unity, which deny their separate consideration. In the information deterministic technology for solving problems of a high-level automation, the distinction between the concepts of “mathematical” and “logical” modeling is relevant; it has scientific novelty and practical significance.

Materials and Methods. To characterize the properties of the concepts of “mathematical modeling”, “logical modeling” and the knowledge functions resulting from the formulation of these concepts, fundamentally different methods and appropriate tools are used. The differentiation of the concepts under consideration is based on the differentiation of technologies (methods, appropriate tools, algorithms, operations) for solving applied problems of any knowledge domain.

Research Results. The ideas of “logical modeling” and “mathematical modeling” are conceptual general-theoretical notions with invariant properties required for solving practical problems of any application domain. In accordance with the distinction between these concepts, the problem solving technologies are divided into two types: system engineering technology – in the organization of information object systems, and system science – in the management processes of transformation of the corresponding material objects. These areas should exist in the information and logical link of their organic unity.

Discussion and Conclusions. The author distinguishes between the concepts of “logical modeling” and “mathematical modeling”, which is a key condition for a successful transition to the deterministic information technology of a high-level automation in solving practical problems of any knowledge domain, for example, of the production design machining
Accelerated preprocessing in task of searching substrings in a string
Authors: Mazurenko A. V. , Boldyrikhin N. V.
Published: October 2019

Introduction.A rapid development of the systems such as Yandex, Google, etc., has predetermined the relevance of the task of searching substrings in a string, and approaches to its solution are actively investigated. This task is used to create database management systems that support associative search. Besides, it is applicable in solving information security issues and creating antivirus programs. Algorithms of searching substring in a string are used in signature-based discovery tasks.

Materials and Methods. The solution to the problem is based on the Aho-Corasick algorithm which is a typical technique of searching substrings in a string. At the same time, a new approach regarding preprocessing is employed.

Research Results. The possibility of constructing the transition function and suffix references through suffix arrays and special mappings, is shown. The relationship between the prefix tree and suffix arrays was investigated, which provided the development of a fundamentally new method of constructing the transition and error functions. The results obtained enable to substantially shorten the time intervals spent on the preelection processing of a set of pattern strings when using an integer alphabet. The paper lists eight algorithms. The developed algorithms are evaluated. The results obtained are compared to the formerly known. Two theorems and eight lemmas are proved. Two examples illustrating features of the practical application of the developed preprocessing procedure are given.

Discussion and Conclusions. The preprocessing procedure proposed in this paper is based on the communication between the suffix array built on the ground of a set of pattern strings and the construction of transition and error functions at the initial stages of the Aho-Corasick algorithm. This approach differs from the traditional one and requires the use of algorithms providing a suffix array in linear time. Thus, the algorithms that enable to significantly reduce the time for preprocessing of a set of pattern strings under the condition of using a certain type of alphabet in comparison to the known approach proposed in the Aho- Corasick algorithm are described. The research results presented in the paper can be used in antivirus programs that apply searching for signatures of malicious data objects in the memory of a computer system. In addition, this approach to solving the problem on searching substrings in a string will significantly speed up the operation of database management systems using associative search.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PRAKERIN SMK NEGERI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Sriwahyuni Titi , Dewi Ika Parma
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh belum efektifnya pelaksanaan program Praktek Kerja Industri (Prakerin) SMK Negeri Di Kota Padang. Hal ini diindikasikan oleh berbagai permasalahan dalam pelaksanaannya. Tujuan dari evaluasi ini adalah untuk menilai program Prakerin SMK Negeri Di Kota Padang, apakah program yang telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan perencanaan program yang ditetapkan. Evaluasi ini menggunakan model evaluasi CIPP+O (Context, Input, Process, Product, dan Outcome)  dengan metode penelitian kombinasi memakai desain Concrurrent Embedded. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri Di Kota Padang dengan data kualitatif dengan mewawancarai 18 orang informan yang terdiri dari seorang ketua panitia Prakerin, seorang bendahara Prakerin,dan satu orang sekretaris lima orang ketua program kompetensi keahlian, lima orang guru pembimbing dan lima orang instruktur dari dunia usaha/industri. Hasil penilitian mengungkapkan masing-masing komponen program Prakerin SMK Negeri Di Kota  Padang yang di evaluasi, yaitu komponen konteks dengan kategori cukup, komponen input dengan kategori baik, komponen proses dengan kategori baik, komponen produk dengan kategori baik, dan komponen outcome dengan kategori baik
Successive Approximation Method of Integro–Differential Equation With Applications
Authors: Abbas Samir H. , Younis Younis M.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is studying the existence and uniqueness solution of integro- differential equations by using Successive approximations method of picard. The results of written program in Mat-Lab show that the method is very interested and efficient with comparison the exact solution for solving of integro-differential equation.
التنمية الزراعية المستدامة في العراق مفهومها اهميتها موعوقاتها للمده 1990-2017
Authors: Al-Hayali Yasamin H. I.
Published: October 2019

تعد الزراعة من اهم عناصر النهوض بالاقتصاد العراقي لاسيما انها تعد من اهم مصادر المواد الاولية للعديد من الصناعات ومن غير المتوقع ايجاد بديل لبعضها على الرغم من التقدم العلمي والتقني الكبير الذي يعيشة العالم اليوم ،ولا يخفى لاي دولة اهمية هذا القطاع سواء في توفير سلة الغذاء الاساسية للشعب او لتحقيق الامن الغذائي او لتوفير المواد الاولية للعديد من الصناعات فضلا عن كونة يعد من القطاعات التي تساهم في توافر فرص عمل للعديد من الايدي العاملة الاان العراق يعاني من مشاكل

الزراعية عديدة تعيق عملية تنمية وتطوير قطاعه الزراعي لذا لابد من التعرف على تلك المعوقات التي تقف حائلا دون تطوير هذا القطاع ومحاولة طرح اهم الحلول الممكنة للارتقاء بكفاءة هذا القطاع ،ان المشكلة الزراعية في العراق لا تتعلق بمقدار الاراضي الصالحة للزراعة فحسب وانما بالانخفاض الواضح بالإنتاج الزراعي ومن ثم تدني الامن الغذائي لعدم كفاية هذا الانتاج لتغطية حاجة السكان وقد تجلى ذلك بشكل واضح اثناء الحصار الاقتصادي الذي فرض على العراق لذا لابد من وضع خطة متكاملة لتنمية هذا القطاع تشمل مقدار الاستثمارات التي تقدمها الدولة لازالة جميع المعوقات التي تحول دون تنمية هذا القطاع .
العولمة: الظاهرة والأبعاد
Authors: Abdullah Sherzad S.
Published: October 2019

العولمة كمفهوم إصطلاحي لظاهرة قديمة جديدة حديثة معاصرة ، حث انها قديمة منذ القدم ، إلاّ أنها كظاهرة ديناميكية حركية لديها القابلية و القدرة على التحديث والتجديد في المجتمعات والأنظمة السياسية التي يتبعها الدول ، هذا الأمر يؤدي إلى التطور من حيث المنظور الفكري والأيديولوجي والممارسة العملية للعولمة ، إن هذا التواصل المفاهيمي لفكرة ظاهرة العولمة جعلتها تتكيّف مع المستجدات المعاصرة التي طرأت أو قد تطرأ على مسار العلاقات السياسية الدولية المعاصرة.

إن العولمة كظاهرة سياسية معاصرة في عالم اليوم المعولم لاتكتمل ملامحها إلاّبتسليط الضوء على الأبعاد التي يتناولها العولمة كجزء مكمّل لها ، إذ أن التنوع والتعدد في أبعاد العولمة والتي هي الأخرى في حالة تحديث وتجديد وعصرنة مستمرة مع الظاهرة التي إكتسبت صفة عالمية الطابع والإتجاهات ، بغض النظر عن الإختلاف في المنظور الفكري والأيديولوجي لإتجاهاتها وأبعادها المؤيدة والمعارضة والمحايدة في آن واحد .

لذلك حاولنا في هذا البحث بيان العولمة كإصطلاح مفاهيمي من حيث التعريفات المتباينة لها وإنعكاساتها على نشوء وتطورها كظاهرة عالمية ، ومن ثم تسليط الضوء على أهم الأبعاد والإتجاهات التي تتأثربها أو تؤثر عليها العولمة ، علاوة على تركيز تحليل مضمونها وكيفية قياسها ، وبعدها تطرقنا إلى أهم الإستنتاجات والتوصيات التي توصلنا إليها .
Gestión de la comunicación en las redes sociales de las federaciones de fútbol nacionales
Authors: Cano Tenorio Rafael
Published: October 2019

Las redes sociales se han convertido en un medio principal para los departamentos de comunicación de las federaciones nacionales de fútbol, ayudando a la fidelización con sus simpatizantes. En este estudio, se ha analizado la gestión de las cuentas oficiales en redes sociales de cinco federaciones de fútbol nacionales. La metodología se ha basado en la observación y el análisis de contenido, teniendo en cuenta al departamento de comunicación de cada federación como emisor de contenido. Los resultados resultan de gran utilidad para mejorar la gestión estratégica de la comunicación digital  en este tipo de entidades.
El trasfondo de la ley de seguridad interior en México
Authors: Vázquez Avedillo José Fernando , Ruiz Canizales Raúl , Zúñiga Domínguezc Rafael
Published: October 2019

La idea de gobierno al seno de un país implica necesariamente    el ejercicio del poder y para ello es menester contar con ciertos elementos para lograrlo. Históricamente el uso de las fuerzas armadas ha sido el sostén de muchos gobernantes en todo el mundo y en el caso de México no es la excepción. La publicación de la Ley de Seguridad Interior fue realizada con la intención de empoderar al presidente  de la República y a partir de ahí mantener la gobernabilidad a partir del uso de las fuerzas armadas en funciones de seguridad pública bajo el disfraz de la seguridad nacional, circunstancia que implicaría flagrantes violaciones a los derechos humanos de la población.

Podemos señalar que los resultados que arrojó la investigación fueron el haber encontrado un patrón de conducta en los gobernantes, consistente en el uso y  abuso  de  las fuerzas armadas para el  mantenimiento  de  la gobernabilidad democrática del país; la ley contenía en su articulado sendas  expresiones  que dotaban de poderes extraordinarios al titular del Poder Ejecutivo, a efecto de llevar a cabo labores de seguridad pública mediante el uso de las fuerzas armadas, y que con la ley criticada, se pretendía legitimar el uso de las fuerzas armadas para asuntos de naturaleza civil, circunstancia que fue considerada por la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación para efecto de declarar a la ley en comento como inconstitucional.
Epistemologías del fuego, una propuesta a partir del pensamiento Ancestral
Authors: Sánchez Riaño Federico , Isabel Mora Aura
Published: October 2019

En este artículo  se da cuenta  de la  investigación  realizada  sobre  la producción de conocimiento ancestral a partir de los rituales de varios pueblos originarios de América (Abya Yala), en lo que se ha denominado por los autores “Epistemología del fuego”. En ella se enuncian las maneras propias de producción, búsqueda y transmisión de conocimiento que, desde lo ancestral, han sido usadas por los pueblos indígenas para la construcción de comunidad, privilegiando  la  forma en la que cada ser se piensa a sí mismo dentro de una cosmovisión y una inteligencia cósmica1 que permite bases para afrontar la idea de la separación interna y externa, a la que se ha visto abocado el ser humano desde la construcción occidental del mundo.

Continuando con la idea tejida por otros autores de un pluriverso (un mundo donde quepan muchos mundos), estas epistemologías basadas en el reconocimiento de la diversidad aportan también a la construcción de una polifonía académica que pueda retomar estas ciencias nativas para integrar sus conocimientos y la forma de producirlos para ampliar las perspectivas en las Ciencias Sociales.

Se desarrolló un trabajo de inmersión usando metodologías de aprendizaje y descripción propias de los  pueblos  con  los  que  se  realizó  el trabajo. Esto  permitió  realizar  un  ejercicio  de escucha atenta de la palabra hablada de los mayores (abuelos sabedores) y la participación en sus rituales, que aquí se entienden como unas pedagogías ancestrales.
Gestación por sustitución internacional. derecho a la vida privada y familiar en la doctrina y sentencia de 28 de abril 2017, juzgado de distrito Tabasco, México
Authors: Flores Hernández Juan Antonio , Aguado Romero Gabriela
Published: October 2019

En abril de 2017, un tribunal federal, como órgano del sistema de control concentrado de constitucionalidad, ha emitido en Tabasco una sentencia sobre la determinación de la filiación de un menor derivada de un contrato de gestación por sustitución con un padre extranjero  en  un  modelo  familiar  monoparental.  En  ese  sentido, el discurso judicial materializa en forma expresa y tácita derechos fundamentales, que independientemente de la omisión de la indagación integral de la verdad biológica de quien aportó la carga gamética, implícitamente marcan pauta y herramienta al legislador  y al ejecutivo local para el diseño de la política pública, en relación    a la inmediatez del registro de nacimiento de un niño sin necesidad de agotar instancias judiciales previas sobre la preponderancia de la parentalidad biológica, y la implícita omisión de las presunciones del parto.
Le traitement penal de la delinquance des mineurs : le statu quo contestable du legislateur penal camerounais
Authors: Patrice François Nestor
Published: October 2019

Les travaux de révision intervenus au travers de la loi n° 2016/007 ont été guidés par la nécessité d’adapter la loi aux mutations  sociales et assurer l’équilibre entre l’efficacité et la garantie des droits individuels. Au regard de l’évolution du monde, les besoins et exigences de la société nécessitent un droit pénal modernisé, qui soit précis, cohérent et simple. Seulement, les changements apportés au texte sont limités.

Nous pouvons déplorer le fait que l’article 80 portant sur la minorité n’a pas été touché par la révision du code. Il est commode, il est même courant d’affirmer que la délinquance des mineurs donne trop souvent lieu à un débat idéologique au mauvais sens du terme, où les jugements ne sont pas confrontés au réel. Si la délinquance des mineurs n’est pas un phénomène nouveau, la situation actuelle est réellement préoccupante, parce que cette délinquance s’est massifiée, qu’elle est plus violente et concerne des mineurs plus 

jeunes. Les mineurs  délinquants  ont  souvent des personnalités fragiles, peu construites: « délinquance par absence d’être ». Leurs victimes sont souvent elles-mêmes des  mineurs.  La justice apporte bel et bien des « réponses » à la délinquance des mineurs, mais ces réponses ne font pas sens parce qu’elles interviennent trop tardivement, parce qu’éducation et sanction sont généralement dissociées. Notre arsenal législatif n’est pourtant pas inexistant pour sanctionner  les mineurs ou ceux qui les utilisent, pour exercer une contrainte sur  les  parents  défaillants...  Mais, comme en d’autres matières, les règles ne semblent faites que pour n’être pas utilisées, chacun prenant dans la loi ce qui lui paraît acceptable au regard de ses propres conceptions.

Il existe un anachronisme entre les dispositions de l’article 80 du code pénal et l’évolution actuelle de la délinquance des mineurs. Ces changements de mentalité et de comportements des mineurs, sont souvent inspirés ou amplifiés par les technologies de l’information et de la communication.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Dekolorisasi Fotokatalitik Metilen Biru dan Metil Jingga Menggunakan Semikonduktor ZnO pada Variasi pH
Authors: Dewi Annisa M. , Widayatno Wahyu B. , Kusumawati Yuly
Published: October 2019

The comparison of photocatalytic decolorization of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange using ZnO Semiconductor under UV-LED radiation has been studied at varied pH. ZnO have been synthesized using co-precipitation method. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) result showed that the synthesized ZnO has a hexagonal structure with the particle size range 0.125 to 0.5 µm. The BET isotherm characterization showed the synthesized ZnO has a specific surface area (SBET), mesoporous volume and micropore volume of 60.20 m2/g, 0.541 cm3/g and 0.02 cm3/g, respectively. The observation of the effect of pH to the photocatalytic activity showed that the highest removal percentage occurred at pH 9 with the value of 95.64% for methylene blue and occurred at pH 3 with the value of 6.236% for methyl orange.
Front Matter
Authors: Editor Jurnal Riset Kimia
Published: October 2019

Front matter Volume 10 Number 2 September 2019
Safety Study of Purple Sweet Potatoes Leaves Extract (Ipomoea batatas (l.) Lamk) Antin-3 Variety as a Sunscreen Active Ingredient on Human Skin
Authors: D Dipahayu , D Arifiyana , M Indramaya D , S Anggraeni
Published: October 2019

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation intensively has known as a major cause of photoaging and photodamage on skin. Anthocyanin is one of flavonoid group, which has a chromophore and conjugated double bond, absorbing electromagnetic radiation in UV wavelength. Ethanolic leaves extract of (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk) Antin-3 variety contains considerably high anthocyanins so that it can be a potential sunscreen active ingredient. However, the safety effect of ethanolic extract of (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk) Antin-3 variety on human skin is still unclear. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety (irritation and allergic effect) of ethanolic leaves extract of (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk) Antin-3 variety on human skin trough a patch test. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic young and old leaves extract of (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamk) Antin-3 variety. Each of them is on a 500, 1000 and 5000 ppm on vaselinum album base. The patch test was applied on the back skin on seven of adult females who are included in inclusion criteria (as a subject study) for 24 hours and they were observed for four days. Results: There are two out of seven subjectsindicated irritation which understandably were caused by the old leaves 1000 and 5000 ppm. Conclusions: The old leaves vary in the phytochemical compound compared to the young leaves which have more potential risk to irritate and cause allergies to the human skin. Anthocyanin is a major content in young leaves.
Upregulation of Programmed Death-1 Ligand 2 (PDCD1LG2) Genevia the Effect of the Early Growth Response 2 (Egr2) Gene Expression in T-Lymphocyte Detected using Microarray-Technique-Based evaluation
Authors: Al-Raheem Zainab Saad Ghafil
Published: October 2019

The focus, in the current work, was applied on evaluation of Egr2-gene-dependent effects on the expression of the programmed death-1 ligand 2 (PDCD1LG2) gene in 2 types of T-lymphocytes (MF2), one type with the Egr2 gene (23 test samples (TS)) and other type without this gene (23 control samples (CS)). CDNA labelled with different fluorescent dyes, Cy3 and Cy5 for CSs and TSs, was mixed together and hybridized to a solid chip in a microarray-based technique. The resulted (upregulated, downregulated, and no changed) genes were categorized according to their functions using Go minor software. The results identified upregulated, downregulated, and no changed genes in the TSs compared to those in the CSs. Mainly, the PDCD1LG2, programmed death-1 ligand 2 was found to be changed in its levels. This gene is needed for T-cell-based proliferation and IFNG-based production. T-cell proliferation is inhibited via the interaction with PDCD1 via blocking cell cycle continuity. The current study presents important information that could be used as a guide for future in vitro and in vivo studies involving the PDCD1LG2 gene in links to the Egr2 gene.
Detection Y Chromosome Microdeletions Among Iraq Population in Infertile Patients with Azoospermia and Severe Oligospermia
Authors: Hammood Samah A , AL-Sallami Alaauldeen S M , Al-Khafaji Saleh M
Published: October 2019

Objective: To detection of microdeletions of Y chromosome and study the frequency of microdeletions in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia(Middle Euphrates center)in Iraq population. Material and methods: 153 males were included in the study, the casesweredivided into groups according to the infertility etiology and semen analysis according to Word health organization, the frequencies and the characteristicsof Y chromosome microdeletions were investigated in groups. Multiplex PCR was applied to detect the microdeletions. Results:Y chromosome microdeletion was detected in 42 (40.7%) of 153 cases ,Microdeletions in azoospermia showed more frequently detected 28 (52.8%), followed by severe oligospermia 14 (28 %),Microdeletions in the AZFc region were the most common 12 (22.64%), followed by AZFb 11(20.75%) and AZFa 5(9.43%) in azoospermia compared to severe oligospermisAZFc 6 (12%) AZFb 4 (8 %) and AZFa 4 (8%). Conclusion: Y chromosome microdeletions were detected quite frequently in certain infertility subgroups. Therefore, detailed evaluation of an infertile man by physical examination, semen analysis, hormonal evaluationsand when required, karyotype analysis may predict the patients for whom Y chromosome microdeletionanalysis is necessary and also prevent cost increases. Recommendation: This study emphasizes that analysis of microdeletions should be carried out for all patients with idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligospermia who are candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Molecular Study about some Genes among Salmonella Typhi Isolates un Hilla / Iraq
Authors: Bunyan* Ilham A , Obeis Ali A
Published: October 2019

In this study, (100) blood sample were collected from patient suspected with typhoid fever how were visits the Alhashimiya, Hilla Teaching Hospital and Morjan Teaching Hospital in Babylon province (Iraq) during the period November (2018) to February (2019). Identification was done by cultural and biochemical tests, and finally identification by Vitek2. Results showed that positive were (16) isolates of Salmonella enteric serovar typhi by Vitek2 (16%) from the(100) blood. Molecular study was accomplished first by the isolation of DNA from Salmonella typhi isolates, they used method had succeeded in extraction of genomic DNA from all isolates. Second by using PCR technique to detection four gene by using a specific PCR primer were done by comparison with allelic ladder which gave a (578bp) it was found that (flicA) gene present in (15) isolates (93.75%) of the positive sample. viaB gene was also detected in S. typhi sample and found that in (15) isolates (93.75%) of the positive sample which gave molecular length (438bp) band. Molecular detection of sipA gene in S. typhi present of this gene in all (16) isolated (100%) positive, which gave molecular length (1126bp). Molecular detection of sdiA gene was done for (16) isolated of S. typhi, and the results showed that (15) isolates (93.75%) the positive results for sdiA virulence were detected by the presence of (274bp) band compared with allelic ladder. This study was conducted to identify the presence of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi within five isolated bacterial samples. One genetic locus covering a particular coding portion within the sdiA gene, which is responsible on the encoding of cell-division regulatory protein, was selected for amplification
Synthesis of Dendrimers Liquid Crystalline Materials based on 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene
Authors: Awad Linh I , Jber Nasreen R
Published: October 2019

In this study, new compounds of discotic liquid crystalline dendrimers are prepared which is derived from 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene. The synthesis of these compounds shows the effect of dendrimer unit on the mesogenic properties. The structures of prepared compounds characterized by using spectroscopic method e.g. FT-IR and 1HNMR. The liquid crystalline phases of prepared compounds was identified by using the hot-stage polarizing optical microscope (POM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
Extraction and Preformulation Study of Deer Antler Velvet Extract:Physical Characterization of Aqueous and Ethanol Extract
Authors: M Hariyadi D , D Setyawan , D1 Suciati , R Widyowati , H-I Chang , N Suryawan I P G , W Utama A
Published: October 2019

Objective: The aim of the research was to extract the deer antler velvet from Kalimantan Indonesia and to study physical characteristics between 70% ethanol and aqueous extract. Materials and methods: Ethanol extracts was extracted from deer antler velvet using maceration and modified maceration method. Ethanol extracts were compared to aqueous extract which produced using maceration technique. The extract profiles were determined by screening test and physicochemical properties as preformulation study were characterized using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), X-ray diffractometer, differential thermal analysis (DTA), solubility test, BCA protein content, and molecular weight using SDS PAGE assay. Results: Extracts were successfully prepared and determined. Physicochemical properties of 70% ethanol extract and aqueous extract resulted different characteristics in melting point, solubility, crystallinity and protein content. Both ethanol extract and aqueous deer antler velvet extract contained group compounds of terpenoids and steroids and contains high amount of proteins at molecular weight of 17 to 43 kDa. In terms of crystallinity, ethanol and aqueous extracts had different crystal lattices. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of deer antler velvet was then recommended for further in vitro drug formulation and characterization. The molecular weight of majority protein inside aqueous deer antler velvet extract was 17 kDa and this datas will be useful for further drug formulation
Formulation and Evaluation of Extended Release Capecitabine Loaded Pellets
Authors: Yadav Vishal , Yadav S Sathesh Kumar
Published: October 2019

Capecitabine is a well known orally-administered anticancer agent utilized in the treatment of colorectal cancer and metastatic breast cancer. The present study reveals the development and evaluation of an extended release Capecitabine loaded pellets. The Capecitabine loaded pellets were prepared by using a layering process followed by Wurster Process and made it extended release using Ethylcellulose (EC), Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP-K30) and Kollicoat SR 30D coating. The prepared extended release pellets were characterized by FTIR, SEM, DSC and XRD studies. The extended-release pellets also evaluated for particle size and shape, yields, moisture content, drug content, mechanical crushing strength, and micrometric properties. The surface of the uncured beads was found to be uniform and smooth and no crystals were visible. The DSC and XRD study revealed the compatibility of the drug and the polymers. The prepared pellets were showed the good characteristics in term of various parameters and release the drug from the formulation for the prolonged period of time for up to 10.3 h.
Synthesis, Characterization and Screening their Antibactrial Activity of some New Oxazepine and Diazepine Compounds Containing 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Ring Derived from L-Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Mosa Israa A. , Rumez Rasmia M. , Tomma Jumbad H.
Published: October 2019

The search involve the synthesis of some new 1,3-oxazepine and 1,3-diazepine derivatives were synthesized from Schiff base. The Schiff base (VIII) prepared from reaction of aldehyde (IV) derived from L-ascorbic acid with aromatic amine ([2-(4- nitrophenyl)-5-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole] (VII). Oxazepine compounds (IX-XI) were synthesized from the cyclic condensation of Schiff base (VIII) with (maleic, phthalic and 3-nitrophthalic) anhydride, compounds (IX-XI) that were reacted with p-methoxyaniline to give diazepine derivatives (XII-XIV). The structures of the new synthesized compounds have been confirmed by physical properties and spectroscopy measurements such as FTIR, and some of them by 1 H-NMR, 13 CNMR, Mass, and evaluated their antibacterial activity as (Escherichia Coli (G-), Staphylococcus aureus (G+)).
Studying the Release Characteristics of Naproxen Sustained Release Matrix Tablet Using Natural Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Hamzah Zahraa Oleiwi , Ali Wedad K.
Published: October 2019

Aim: This work involves studying the release characteristics of naproxen sustained release matrix tablet using natural polyelectrolytes and studying some variables affecting the formulation such as the effects of (PEC formation, polymer-polymer ratio, anionic polymer type, molecular weight of CS, type and amount of diluent) on the release rate of naproxen.
Methods: Sixteen formula were prepared using direct compression with 500 mg total tablet weight. The release properties of naproxen sustained release matrix tablets were investigated using USP dissolution apparatus I (basket). FT-IR spectra of the complexes were studied to indicate the interactions between polyions.
Results: The results showed that the release rate of naproxen was decreased in the formulas that contains PEC comparing to the formulas with single polymer. The formula containing CSh: SA prepared in the ratio of (3:1) showed the slowest release rate (68.17% of naproxen in 7 hr) and extended the release up to 15 hr. It was seen that the formula containing CSh: XG in 3:1 ratio formed the strongest PEC and the release rate extended up to 20 hr. On the other hand changing the molecular weight of CS from high to low and the type of diluent from lactose monohydrate to MCC showed a non-significant increase in the release rate.
Conclusion: Polyelectrolyte complex prepared from cationic polymer CS and anionic polymer of SA, XG and CG physical mixtures was successfully formed. Formula 13 formed the strongest PEC with a ratio of CS: XG equal to (3:1) which extended the release up to 20 hr.
A comparative technique using as Joint studying to prove structure and determination the Quantitative estimation of organic compound (Irbesartan) as drug in multicomponent tablet form
Authors: Hanoon Imad Tarek , AL-Joubory 2 Abed Mohammed Daheir , Saied 3 Marwa Mohamed
Published: October 2019

A simple , specific, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method was developed for determination of Irbesartan (IRB) in pharmaceutical dosage forms in tablets products and sachet using symmetry (L 1 ) column at 30°C . The signal was detected at 225 nm. A mobile phase dissolve 0.5 g of buffer potassium phosphate in 100 ml distilled water and adjust pH 2.7 , methanol and acetonitrile at ratio (40 :30 :30 ) . and flow rate 1.2ml/min -1 at pH=7.2 a mobile phase The percent recovery was detected 101 % and the linearity of concentration was 10-50 µg.ml -1 and supported this method by using (FT.I.R.) spectrum method for organic spectrophotometer to prove the chemical structure of this drug and some physical properties . we are obtained the result is identical of other literature . The proposed method was applied successfully for determination of the IRB in tablets products.
The molecular sequence of Giardia lamblia by using (tpiA) and (tpiB)
Authors: Al-doury Sinai Muhsin , Al-Nasrawi Mamdooh A. , AL-Samarraie Marwan Q.
Published: October 2019

Gairdia lamblia is one of parasites that cause intestinal problems within the human body, particularly private travelers and children. In this study a total of (100) diarrheal patients, 20 patients with Giardiasis were identified by fecal antigen. 9 out of 20(20%) of them were infected by fecal antigen, while 9(9%) of them were infected by using the screening general stool examination (GSE). The stool samples were collected from patient how vested the Medical City/ Baghdad and Tikrit teaching Hospital during the period from 1 st may 2018 to 1 February 2019. The results revealing a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two methods of detection for G. lamblia (Fecal antigen method and GSE). IT has been shown that out of 20 infected individuals 12(12%) were males and 8(8%) were females, indicating regarding no significant deference in the distribution of Giardiasis among genders. In regard the age, our results showed that highest infection rate 8(3.2%) was recorded in the age group (10-19) years, followed by the age group (20-2) years which was 692.4%). In this study five mutations were recorded at position (926, 1094, 1202and 1304), by using tpiA gene sequence method, and tpiB gene was on point mutation change (G254A), in the position (85) of triose phosphate isomease.
Clinical and morphological profile of aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery treated at a neurosurgical service in Southern Brazil
Authors: Soares Fabiano Pasqualotto , Velho Maira Cristina , Antunes Apio Claudio Martins
Published: October 2019

Background:

The aim of the study was to characterize the clinical profile of patients with anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms and examine potential correlations between clinical findings, aneurysm morphology, and outcome.

Methods:

A review of medical records and diagnostic neuroimaging reports of patients treated at a neurosurgical service in Porto Alegre, Brazil, between August 2008 and January 2015 was performed.

Results:

During the period, 100 patients underwent surgery for ACoA aneurysms. Fifteen had unruptured aneurysms and 85 had ruptured aneurysms. Ruptured aneurysms had a higher aspect ratio than unruptured ones (2.37 ± 0.71 vs. 1.93 ± 0.51,P= 0.02). Intraoperative rupture occurred in 3%, and temporary clipping was performed in 15%. Clinical vasospasm occurred in 43 patients with ruptured aneurysms (50.6%). Overall, mortality was 26%; 25 patients in the ruptured group (29.4%) and one in the unruptured group (6%). The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was favorable (GOS 4 or 5) in 54% of patients, significantly more so in those with unruptured aneurysms (P= 0.01). In patients with ruptured aneurysms, mortality was associated with preoperative Hunt and Hess (HH) score (P< 0.001), hydrocephalus (P< 0.001), and clinical complications (P< 0.001). Unfavorable outcomes were associated with HH score (P< 0.001), Fisher grade (P= 0.015), clinical vasospasm (P= 0.012), external ventricular drain (P= 0.015), hydrocephalus (P< 0.001), and presence of clinical complications (P= 0.001). In patients with unruptured aneurysms, presence of clinical complications was the only factor associated with mortality (P< 0.001).

Conclusion:

Despite advances in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage and surgical treatment of aneurysms, mortality is still high, especially due to clinical complications.
The Development of A School-Based Conflict Management Model in Aceh Besar Junior High School
Authors: Muchsin Muchsin , Hambali Hambali
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to find out the causes of conflict in schools, how the style and techniques of conflict management, what are the approaches to conflict management in schools and the influence of schools on conflict-based management models at junior high schools in Greater Aceh. Conflict is a process expressed by two or more parties. Conflict affects all components of the school. Therefore, leaders and teachers must understand the management of conflicts that arise where they can have a positive impact on improving school quality. Furthermore, the authors want to develop a school model of conflict management based. This model is a resolution or stimulation technique to produce the desired resolution, especially in the development of schools based on conflict management models that are focused on producing instrument formulation. Based on the findings of the data, it was concluded that job satisfaction can be improved by increasing conflict management and teacher empowerment by the principal. The results of this study can also be useful for improving the quality of conflict management and teacher empowerment by principals to improve overall job satisfaction.
An Analysis of Teachers’ Perceptions toward the Role of ICT Based Media in Teaching and Learning Process among Primary Schools’ Teachers
Authors: Rahmi Regina , Fitriati Fitriati , Fachraini Siti
Published: October 2019

Development in technology assists teachers and educators to reach goals in teaching and learning easily. Along with advancement of technology in teaching, teachers were expected to utilize this technology such as ICT-based media to improve quality of their teaching. This paper was a survey research which tried to investigate attitudes and perceptions of 73 elementary school teachers toward the use of ICT-based media especially video in teaching learning process. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used to display teachers’ perception. The result of this study shows that almost all teachers considered that using media is very important in teaching. The data from questionnaires shows that most teachers (95,1%) agreed that ICT-based media made teaching and learning process more enjoyable and effective. They also believed that the role of media together with teacher is essential in teaching since the collaboration between teachers and media allow students to understand and memorize materials given easily. However, besides teachers responded positively toward ICT-based media, they also encountered some barriers in applying this technology in teaching, such as : teachers lacked the skills or basic concepts about ICT, (felt were old enough) to use ICT based-media in the future, lacked of eyes vision, inconvenience feeling of using ICT in the classroom, and lacked of ICT facilities at school. This indicates that professional development program is essential for teachers to promote the use of technology in daily teaching practices.
COMMON HERITAGE OF ART AND SCIENCE LEONARDO DA VINCI ANATOMY
Authors: AKYÜREK Timuçin , AKKAYA Tayfun
Published: October 2019

Avrupa, Rönesans ile birlikte, hümanist felsefe ve neo-platoncu anlayış doğrultusunda yeni bir döneme girmiştir. Özellikle Antik dünyanın keşfi ve Hristiyanlığın yeniden sorgulanmasıyla, Hıristiyan temelli ölümden sonraki yaşam, insan
bedeni, içinde yaşanılan dünya ve doğaya ilişkin düşünce temelli büyük değişimlerin yaşandığı ve bu durumdan sanatın ve sanatçıların çok yoğun bir etkileşime ve değişime uğradığı görülmüştür. Özellikle Hümanist felsefenin doğuşu
ile birlikte insan yeniden keşfedilmiş ve insan bedeni Rönesans sanatında sanatçıların üzerinde durdukları en önemli meselelerden birisi olmuştur. Bu anlamda Rönesans sanatı keşfettiği altın oranı insan bedenine uygulayarak insanı
taçlandırmıştır. Bu anlamda Leonardo da Vinci bilimi ve sanatı birbirinin tamamlayıcısı olarak görmüş ve bilimi sanatın hizmetinde kullanmıştır. Leonardo’nun Anatomi çalışmalarının birincil amacı insan bedeninin gizemlerini çözmek
olduğu kadar, sanatta ideal insanı ve kusursuz ifadeyi yakalamak olmuştur. Leonardo da Vinci yapmış olduğu bilimsel kadavra çalışmaları ile hala bugünde geçerliliğini koruyan çok sağlam anatomik çizimler ortaya koymuştur. Leonardo’nun
Anatomisi, bilimin ve sanatın ortak ürünü olarak, bugünde hala sanatçıların ulaşmak istediği ideal güzelliği yansıtmada bir rehber olma özelliğini korumaktadır.
PERPETUATING THE MISOGYNIST THOUGHT THROUGH REPRESENTATION OF THE WITCH IN JOHN MARSTON’S THE TRAGEDY OF SOPHONISBA
Authors: ÇELİK Merve AYDOĞDU
Published: October 2019

This study aims to analyse the representation of witchcraft in the Jacobean context within the framework of a Jacobean play, namely John Marston’s The Wonder of Women or The Tragedy of Sophonisba (1606). Written during a patriarchal
period when the misogynistic emperor James I reigns over England and when women are regarded to be biologically and intellectually inferior to men, Sophonisba represents the misogynist mind-set in that the witch in the play is
a woman, and she possesses the negative features conventionally associated with the witches at the time. In this respect, this paper argues that Marston’s work reinforces the stereotypical witch image and thereby perpetuates the
misogynist thought.