bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Physicochemical Properties and Mineral Compositions of Almond (Prunus amygdalus) Gum of Libyan Origin
Authors: Awad Mubasher H. , Elgornazi Aborawi M. , Soleiman Nouri M.A.
Published: February 2021

Twenty-five authentic samples of Prunus amygdalus gum samples were collected from five different locations in northwest of Libya. Different physicochemical methods were used to characterize this type of gum samples. The mean values of the moisture ranged from 12.55 to 14.93%, ash mean values 4.03 to 4.62%, pH 3.89 to 4.40, W.H.C 52.85 to 60.0%, and O.H.C 136.2 to 156.3%. Solubility of Prunus amygdalus gum showed that it had low solubility in distilled water with the mean values ranged from 20.01 to 35.40%, but it dissolved perfectly in alkali media where solubility increased to 96.3% in 0.05 M Na2CO3. The study exhibited that the mean values of cationic concentration in %(w/w) such as calcium was ranged from 0.552 to 0.585, potassium 0.402 to 0.505, iron 0.0975 to 0.1125, and sodium 0.064 to 0.079, which indicates that Ca has the highest concentration of metallic ions present. Atomic absorption method indicate that all samples contain traces of elements, Li, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, Hg, and Cd. The main functional groups recorded from FTIR spectrum included bands at 3293 cm-1 (O-H in carboxylic group), 1601.77 cm-1 (C=O, amide N-H bend, and C=C), 1357.53 cm-1 (CH3-, and C-O-H in- plane bending vibration), and 1025.74 cm-1 (C-O stretching).
Determination of Land Use Change using Support Vector Machines: A Case Study of Arnavutkoy, Istanbul
Authors: Çatal Reis Hatice , Yılancı Gülsena
Published: February 2021

As a result of the development of cities and inclination towards urbanization, natural areas decreased while urban areas increased. In this respect, determination of impermeable surfaces is important for the problems covering; effects of urbanization on natural environment, global environmental variation, urban atmospheric process, human activities and the effects of urbanization on the environment.
Remote sensing images are used to examine and classify land cover/uses. Traditional classification methods are mainly divided into supervised classification and unsupervised classification. The aim of this study is to classify land cover/use and to state temporal change using the Support Vector Machines (SVM) approach, which is a supervised classification method.
Arnavutkoy district of Istanbul was chosen as the study area for land use and change detection analysis. Landsat 5/7/8 satellite images of Arnavutkoy district were obtained and SVM process was applied to obtain these images. Firstly, four classes were created for each image: urban areas, vegetation, bare soils and wetlands SVM was applied and accuracy analysis was performed to the images classes of which were created before. CAD software and GIS software were used for image processing.
The classification accuracy for SVM was found to be 98.66%, 98.31%, 98.95%, 97.99%, 96.37%, 97.90% (from 1995 to 2019). In addition, ROC analysis was used for comparison of accuracy analysis. As a result of this study, land cover/use change of Arnavutkoy district in the last 20 years has been determined. The urban area of the district was 40.99 〖"km" 〗^"2" in 1995 and 93.76 〖"km" 〗^"2" in 2019. In addition, the impact of the Europe's largest airport on land cover / use has been examined. The results showed that the accuracy of using SVM to classify land use/cover is high. Therefore, it has been proposed that this algorithm is used as an optimal classifier for land use/cover maps.
Penguatan Konsep Matematika Dalam Pembelajaran Latex untuk Siswa SMP dan SMA
Authors: Kurniadi Edi , Napitupulu Herlina , Kartiwa Alit , Riaman Riaman
Published: February 2021

Dalam artikel ini, kita belajar konsep coding dengan Latex melalui penguatan konsep matematika untuk siswa SMP dan SMA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk  menarik minat para siswa dalam mempelajari coding melalui penguatan konsep matematika yang baik dan benar dengan memperkenalkan apa yang disebut Program Latex.  Program  Latex ini merupakan  perangkat lunak alternatif selain Microsoft Word untuk pengetikan rumus-rumus matematika.  Selanjutnya,  metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami konsep dasar matematika dan implementasinya melalui pengetikan rumus-rumus matematika dengan  Latex.  Siswa dilatih agar supaya mempunyai pengetahuan yang baik dan benar tentang konsep dasar matematika, khususnya bagaimana cara membaca dan menulis rumus matematika secara sistematis. Hasil dari penelitian ini, para siswa dapat menulis rumus-rumus matematika dalam Program Latex dan mempunyai pemahaman  konsep matematika yang baik dan benar yang   tentunya akan menjadi modal dasar untuk memahami konsep coding untuk tingkatan yang lebih tinggi. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, konsep matematika dapat direalisasikan melalui Pemograman Python. Melalui pendekatan Program Python ini, diharapkan para siswa  akan menyukai penerapan-penerapan matematika dalam berbagai hal.
Desain Pembelajaran Materi Perkalian Menggunakan Konteks Lomba Lari Estafet Di Kelas II
Authors: Sunedi Sunedi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan lintasan belajar yang dapat membantu siswa untuk memahami konsep perkalian yang berkembang dari tahap informal ketahap formal di kelas II. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian desain riset (design research) yang mendesain pembelajaran perkalian menggunakan konteks lomba lari estafet melalui tahap-tahap percobaan (preparing for the experiment), percobaan desain (desain experiment) dan analisis retropektif (retrospective analysis). Subjek penelitian ini adalah 32 orang siswa Sekolah dasar Negeri 249 Palembang. Adapun aktivitas yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini dimulai dari kegiatan lomba lari estafet, membuat tongkat e stafet dari bahan kertas berwarna, dan melakukan lompatan dengan jarak 0 dan 1 pada garis bilangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konteks lomba lari estafet dapat mendukung pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep perkalian. Aktivitas-aktivitas pembelajaran yang dilakukan siswa menghasilkan lintasan belajar siswa memiliki peranan penting dalam memahami konsep perkalian dari tahap informal ke formal.
Experimental Study of Electrical and Thermal Efficiencies of a Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Hybrid Solar Water Collector with and Without Glass Cover
Authors: Abbas Hind Mohand , Ali Issam Mohammed , Al-Najjar Hussein Mohammed Taqi
Published: February 2021

Investigating the thermal and electrical gains and efficiencies influence the designed photovoltaic thermal hybrid collector (PVT) under different weather conditions. The designed system was manufactured by attaching a fabricated cooling system made of serpentine tubes to a single PV panel and connecting it to an automatic controlling system for measuring, monitoring, and simultaneously collecting the required data. A removable glass cover had been used to study the effects of glazed and unglazed PVT panel situations. The research was conducted in February (winter) and July (summer), and March for daily solar radiation effects on efficiencies. The results indicated that electrical and thermal gains increased by the increase in solar radiation. The average rise in PVT water collectors' thermal energy efficiency with a glass cover for three cases was 5% compared with the unglazed PVT water collector. While the maximum total efficiencies of 79 % and 69.5 % for glazed and unglazed collectors were recorded under maximum solar radiation of 1100 W/m2 and maximum water flow rate in the tubes system for July. The recorded result seemed promising and significant, indicating that the manufactured system is useful for adjusting PVT thermal and electrical efficiencies for cold and hot weather conditions.
Finite Element Analysis of Cracked One-Way Bubbled Slabs Strengthened By External Prestressed Strands
Authors: Ibrahim Falah Hassan , Ali Ali Hussein
Published: February 2021

Bubbled slabs can be exposed to damage or deterioration during its life. Therefore, the solution for strengthening must be provided. For the simulation of this case, the analysis of finite elements was carried out using ABAQUS 2017 software on six simply supported specimens, during which five are voided with 88 bubbles, and the other is solid. The slab specimens with symmetric boundary conditions were of dimensions 3200/570/150 mm. The solid slab and one bubbled slab are deemed references. Each of the other slabs was exposed to; (1) service charge, then unloaded (2) external prestressing and (3) loading to collapse under two line load. The external strengthening was applied using prestressed wire with four approaches, which are L1-E, L2-E, L1-E2, and L2-E2, where the lengths and eccentricities of prestressed wire are (L1=1800, L2=2400, E1=120 and E2=150 mm). The results showed that each reinforcement approach restores the initial capacity of the bubbled slab and improves it in the ultimate load capacity aspect. The minimum and maximum ultimate strength of strengthened cracked bubbled slab increased by (17.3%-64.5%) and (25.7%-76.3%) than solid and bubbled slab, respectively. It is easier to improve behavior with an increased eccentricity of the prestressed wire than to increase its length.
Catalytic Cracking of Furfural Extract-40 over Ni/HY-Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Jumaah Abdullah M. , Humadi Khalid K.
Published: February 2021

Modifying of HY/Zeolite is by loading nickel for applying catalyst in thermal catalytic cracking of furfural extract-40 from the lubricating base oil unit. The study involved the characterizing of HY-zeolite and promoted catalyst with nickel by X-ray diffraction analysis, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller), and infrared ray analyses FTIR. The catalytic thermal cracking tubular reactor with a fixed bed with two type catalysts; HY/zeolite and Ni HY/zeolite, individually at a temperature of 580oC with LHSV 5h-1 was investigated. The results indicated that increase the conversion of catalytic cracking of furfural extract-40 also increases the yield of useful petroleum products and decreases the coke depsite on the Ni HY-Zeolite catalyst.
Design of a PID-Lead Compensator for a Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System (TRAS)
Authors: Faisal Rafal Fawzi , Abdulwahhab Omar Waleed
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with a Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System (TRAS). It is a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system with high crosscoupling between its two channels. It proposes a hybrid design procedure that combines frequency response and root locus approaches. The proposed controller is designated as PID-Lead Compensator (PIDLC); the PID controller was designed in previous work using frequency response design specifications, while the lead compensator is proposed in this paper and is designed using the root locus method. A general explicit formula for angle computations in any of the four quadrants is also given. The lead compensator is designed by shifting the dominant closed-loop poles slightly to the left in the s-plane. This has the effect of enhancing the relative stability of the closed-loop system by eliminating the oscillation in its transient part but at the expense of greater rise time. However, for some applications, long rise time may be an allowable price to get rid of undesired oscillation. To demonstrate the proposed hybrid controller's performance numerically, a new performance index, designated by Integral Reciprocal Time Absolute Error (IRTAE), is defined as a figure to measure the oscillation of the response in its transient part. The proposed controller enhances this performance index by 0.6771%. Although the relative enhancement of the performance index is small, it contributes to eliminating the oscillation of the response in its transient part. Simulation results are performed on the MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Pengaruh Kelompok PA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Rohani Remaja Gereja KIBAID Jemaat Sudiang
Authors: Marrung Febryanti , Sukri Armin
Published: February 2021

Kelompok PA adalah suatu tindakan kemauan seseorang untuk mempelajari Alkitab secaramendalam dengan membentuk kelompok dan dengan tujuan yang sama dan salingmenopang, saling mendukung dan saling memotivasi satu dengan yang lain. Selain itu, didalamnya juga ada kesadaran untuk melakukan yang sesuai dan yang tidak sesuai firmanAllah dari apa yang telah direnungkan bersama dan ada tanggung jawab di dalamkelompok untuk diselesaikan secara bersama. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalampenulisan ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan populasi dan sampel. Teknikpengumpulan data dalam penulisan ini yaitu melalui angket, wawancara, kajian pustakadan observasi. Populasi sebanyak 20 orang dan yang menjadi sampel sebanyak 13 orang.Dari hasil penelitian ini, penulis menarik kesimpulan adalah Pertama, kelompok PAberpengaruh kepada cara berdoa remaja Gereja KIBAID Sudiang yang di mana sudahmulai ada perubahan, dan dari hasil menunjukkan berada pada antara skala selalu dan skalasering. Kedua, remaja Gereja KIBAID Sudiang melakukan firman lewat kelompok PA.Ketiga, dalam kelompok PA remaja dijarkan untuk saling bekerja sama, menolong,mengasihi, memotivasi dan bertanggung jawab dalam persekutuan belajar dalamkelompok. Keempat, dalam kelompok PA remaja belajar dalam ibadah persekutuan remajadan kelompok PA, dan telah menghasilkan perubahan seperti buah-buah Roh dan itulahyang akan di tampilkan oleh remaja hal inilah yang di namakan bersaksi.
Hologrpaphic focusing and entanglement vacuum
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: February 2021

Holographic focusing and vacuum
Analisis Kemampuan Dasar Statistik Mahasiswa pada Awal Mata Kuliah Statistik Matematika
Authors: Azis
Published: February 2021

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat dan letak kesalahan kemampuan dasar statistik mahasiswa pada awal mata kuliah statistik matematika Prodi Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Unidayan Baubau. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian dengan metode survei. Dalam penelitian ini, mahasiswa diminta menyelesaikan soal-soal tes pemahaman dasar statistik. Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah di Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin pada Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Kota Baubau Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Waktu penelitian untuk memperoleh data dan informasi dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2019 sampai dengan bulan April 2020. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester VII yang memprogramkan mata kuliah statistika matematika tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 90 orang mahasiswa. Penarikan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling, peneliti mengambil 30% dari banyaknya mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tingkat kemampuan dasar statistik mahasiswa pada awal mata kuliah statistik matematika Prodi Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Unidayan Baubau berada pada kategori rendah.; dan (2) letak kesalahan kemampuan dasar statistik mahasiswa pada awal mata kuliah statistik matematika Prodi Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Unidayan Baubau dilihat dari segi pengetahuan faktual dengan persentase interval kesalahan kemampuan dasar statistik mahasiswa pada pengetahuan faktual adalah 62,39%
Penjelasan Mengenai Materi Proses Sistem Operasi
Authors: Jodi Muhammad Rizq Daffa
Published: February 2021

saya sangat senang belajar materi proses sistem operasi
The comfort of 1000 words
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan
Published: February 2021

If writing a 6000-word paper is a finishing move, writing a 1000-word is a pass that sets up a sequence of events.
Recent theoretical and empirical development in Management and planning: A review
Authors: Kauffman Howel
Published: February 2021

Management planning includes the development of forecasts, objectives, policies,programmes. It also involves the procedures, schedules and budgets. This study aims toreview the recent development in the theories of management and planning. It also reviewsthe recent empirical breakthrough in the field. Planning is also a strategic mechanism thathelps to determine priorities for the future direction of an organization and to establish theactivities and resources needed to reach those goals. Managers may create a strategic strategyor a marketing plan, for example, in order to accomplish targets. The intention may be toaccomplish those aims or objectives. The key aim of planning is to define the existing toolsand optimally use them to produce the best performance. . The recent decades saw a numberof development in management and planning on theoretical and empirical basis. This studycritically examine the newly developed methods, theories, and empirical findings.
Makalah jajar genjang
Authors: YUSPIDA
Published: February 2021

Catatan terkait materi jajaran genjang dan RPP
Kajian Frasa “Membinasakan Bait Allah” Berdasarkan 1 Korintus 3:10-32 Dan Implikasinya Bagi Jemaat Kristen Masa Kini
Authors: Herodion Herodion , Panggarra Robi
Published: February 2021

Sesuai dengan pokok masalah yang ada, maka yang menjadi tujuan dalam penulisanskripsi ini adalah: Pertama, untuk mengetahui tentang kajian frasa “membinasakan baitAllah” seperti yang dijelaskan dalam 1 Korintus 3:17. Kedua, untuk memberikangambaran implikasi dari kajian frasa “membinasakan bait Allah” dalam kehidupan JemaatKristen masa kini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalahmetode Hermeneutik Eksegesis kualitatif. Metode ini menentukan analisis konteks, genre,analisis struktur, menguraikan anaisis teks dan menganalisis teks tersebut denganmenggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui penelitian kepustakaan denganmenggunakan Alkitab sebagai sumber utama, dan didukung dengan kamus, buku-buku danjurnal serta berbagai literatur berhubungan dengan pembahasan penulis. Dari hasilpenelitian ini, penulis menarik kesimpulan: Pertama, bait Allah dalam konteks 1 Korintus3:17 ini bukan merujuk kepada seseorang atau satu orang saja namun merujuk kepadakumpulan orang-orang percaya yang telah dikuduskan dan dikhususkan oleh Allah. Kedua,bait Allah jangan dihancurkan dengan memasukkan ajaran sesat dan hikmat duniakedalamnya, siapa saja yang melakukan hal tersebut akan berurusan dengan Allah.Implikasi dari kajian frasa “membinasakan bait Allah” bagi jemaat Kristen masa kiniadalah: Pertama, jemaat Kristen masa kini harus hidup sesuai ajaran firman Tuhan. Kedua,hidup dalam kerendahan hati. Ketiga: hidup dalam hikmat Allah.
Surface focusing and geometry screens
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: February 2021

Holographic screen and focusing
Reviving Opera in United states in 2016
Authors: Kauffman Howel
Published: February 2021

Formerly, the New York City Opera was a radiant and seemingly essential part of theintellectual life of New York. Yet the possibility of reviving the business has somehowappeared more doubtful with each passing month since its closure, two and a half years ago.A huge chunk of its viewers has already left years before City Opera filed for bankruptcy in2013, and they definitely don't appear at the Met, which has its own difficulties filling seats.Only because, as so many in the company argue, New York should support two existing operacompanies, does not actually mean that it has to.
Surface integral and holographic bound
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: February 2021

Holographic bound and surface
Makalah Volume Kerucut
Authors: Suciadrianti
Published: February 2021

Catatan terkait dengan materi volume kerucut SD
CD19 is differentially expressed in the lymph node metastases of patients with breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the B-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD19 was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. CD19 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CD19 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of CD19 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Cõi tạm
Authors: Khuc Quy Van
Published: February 2021

Kho, vui, lang, may, coi tam
Ajengfebiol_mengoperasikan sistem operasi
Authors: kwedanio Ajeng Febiola
Published: February 2021

Sistem operasi merupakan perangkat lunak sistem yang mengatur sumber daya dari perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak ' serta sebagai Deamon untuk program komputer . Tanpa sistem operasi , penggunaan tidak dapat menjalan kan program aplikasi pada komputer mereka kecuali program booting . Menjalan kan operasi dasar pada komputer maksdunya sistem operasi berfungsi mengontrol fungsi perangkat keras seperti memory , cpu , hardisk dan perangkat keras lainnya dan juga mengatur fungsi program software agar terhubung dengan perangkat keras tersebut .
PENERAPAN COURSE REVIEW HORAY MODEL UNTUK MENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 402 SIMPELLU KABUPATEN WAJO
Authors: Nurwinda
Published: February 2021

Dengan model pembelajaran course review horay diharapkan dapat melatih kerja sama dalam menyelesaikan masalah dengan pembentukan kelompok, pembelajarannya menarik dan mendorong siswa untuk terjun kedalamnya, tidak monoton karena diselingi sedikit hiburan sehingga suasana tidak menegangkan, serta siswa lebih semangat belajar dan tidak merasa bosan karena suasana pembelajaran berlangsung menyenangkan sehingga mampu membantu siswa dalam meraih hasil belajar pada mata pembelajaran matematika siswa di SD Negeri 402 Simpellu Kabupaten Wajo.
Pengajaran Penebusan Dosa Terhadap Keyakinan Keselamatan Di Kalangan Pemuda GKST Jemaat Imanuel Lambarese
Authors: Greis Greis , Tuhumury Buce Zeth
Published: February 2021

Dosa merambat ke seluruh dunia oleh sebab kejatuhan manusia pertama yaitu Adam dan Hawayang telah melanggar perintah dan ketetapan Tuhan (ketidaktaatan) di taman Eden (Kej. 3:1-24),keinginan daging, dan godaan iblis. Kejatuhan manusia berakibat fatal yaitu maut (Kej. 2:17).Karena kasih-Nya yang begitu besar (Yoh. 3:16) atas kehendak-Nya. Yesus Kristus lahir, mati dikayu salib, serta bangkit dari kematian untuk mengalahkan maut sebagai bukti bahwa Allah telahmenebus manusia dari lumpur dosa. Dengan karya penebusan dosa Allah memberikanpengampunan, pembenaran, pengudusan melalui Yesus Kristus di kayu salib sehingga manusiaberoleh jalan keselamatan bagi yang percaya kepada-Nya. Bertitik tolak dari pengajaranpenebusan dosa ini. Yang menarik bagi penulis untuk melakukan penelitian ini, karena melihatkeadaan pemuda di GKST Jemaat Imanuel yang telah mengikuti katekisasi (pembinaan iman) didalamnya ada pengajaran penebusan dosa. Namun, banyak kawula muda yang telah menjadianggota gereja yang memiliki masalah dengan keyakinan hingga pada akhirnya meninggalkanKristus. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif atau Library Research di mana Alkitab sebagaisumber primer dan menggunakan buku-buku tambahan, melakukan wawancara. Serta, observasilangsung di kalangan pemuda di GKST Jemaat Imanuel Lambarese untuk mengetahuibagaimana pengajaran penebusan dosa terhadap keyakinan keselamatan. Maka hasil penelitianmenunjukkan pemuda kurang mengerti dengan pengajaran karena di dalam materi masih banyakyang kurang seperti perbuatan penebusan di dalam Perjanjian Lama kurang disinggung. Pemudamenjawab pertanyaan, pengajaran penebusan dosa ada di dalam khotbah, kurang yang menjawabpengajaran ada di dalam pembinaan iman. Pemuda memiliki keyakinan keselamatan. Namuntidak dapat memberikan bukti-bukti dalam memperoleh keselamatan dan unsur-unsur karyakeselamatan yang menjadi menjadi dasar yang teguh seorang pribadi memiliki keyakinankeselamatan.
Kajian Naratif Konsep Meminta Tanda Berdasarkan Hakim-Hakim 6:1-40 Dan Implikasinya Bagi Iman Orang Percaya
Authors: Lalu Hizkia Yonathan , Maiaweng Peniel C. D.
Published: February 2021

Meminta tanda merupakan hal yang kerap kali dilakukan oleh orang percaya. Biasanya,permintaan tanda dilakukan oleh orang percaya apabila orang percaya tersebutdiperhadapkan dengan pilihan-pilihan, maupun di saat imannya terguncang di dalammenghadapi pergumulan dan memerlukan jawaban dari Tuhan. Namun, praktik memintatanda yang dilakukan oleh orang percaya cenderung tidak memiliki dasar Alkitabiah yangkuat dan bahkan menimbulkan perbedaan pendapat antara golongan-gologan tertentu.Golongan tertentu menganggap meminta tanda boleh dilakukan, sedangkan golongan lainberpendapat sebaliknya, bahkan ada golongan yang sama sekali netral. Kasus memintatanda terjadi beberapa kali di dalam Alkitab, dan salah satu narasi yang sangat jelasmembicarakan tentang meminta tanda adalah narasi tentang Gideon di dalam kitab Hakimhakim 6:1-40. Gideon adalah seorang Israel biasa, yang juga melakukan kesehariannyadengan rasa takut kepada orang Midian, tetapi Malaikat Tuhan menampakkan diri kepadaNya dan menyatakan bahwa Dia akan membebaskan orang Israel melalui Gideon. Gideonakhirnya meminta tanda untuk memastikan panggilan yang telah diterimanya tersebut,bukan satu atau dua kali, tetapi tiga kali. Penulis menggunakan prinsip hermeneutik danprinsip analisa narasi di dalam meneliti Hakim-hakim 6:1-40, yakni analisa genre, struktur,dan narasi. Penulis mencoba untuk menarik suatu konsep meminta tanda yangimplikasinya baik secara teologi maupun praktis sesuai dengan kebenaran Alkitab.Kesimpulan yang ditarik oleh penulis adalah bahwa meminta tanda di dalam konteksHakim-hakim 6, berlaku untuk orang-orang percaya yang memerlukan peneguhan akanpanggilan Tuhan untuk melakukan pekerjaan-Nya.
Protocol for an analysis of in vivo reporting standards by journal, institution and funder
Authors: Wang Qianying , Hair Kaitlyn , Macleod Malcolm , Currie Gillian , Bahor Zsanett , Sena Emily , Liao Jing
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThe reporting of the measures taken to reduce risks of bias in in vivo research provides important information to research users and represents an important aspect of research quality. The testing of the effectiveness of interventions to improve research quality, and efforts in research improvement, both require the timely and efficient assessment of performance. MethodsWe describe methods which will allow (i) Identification of reports of in vivo research, (ii) retrieval of full text; (iii) attribution of journal, institution, and funder; (iv) automated annotation of the reporting of measures to reduce risks of bias, aggregated by year, journal, institution and funder.DiscussionThis observational study will provide information to guide efforts in research improvement.
Facebook and Self-Perception
Authors: Harber
Published: February 2021

With connections being made every day between people all over the world, Facebook provides an unparalleled opportunity for study into the behavior of individuals and their personalities, presentations, and pathologies. Are there certain types of behaviors that relate more to narcissistic traits and, if so, what does a general sociodemographic profile look like for an individual who most often exhibits those behaviors? Nearly sixty participants were included in the study. Despite the limitations, this study concluded like several before it, no significant correlations were found in the data to support a hypothesis that narcissistic individuals are more likely to utilize Facebook in any more grandiose manner than the rest of us.
The role of Working Memory, Processing Speed and Approximate Number System abilities in low maths achievement among preschoolers
Authors: Costa Hiwet Mariam , Partanen Petri , Van Herwegen Jo
Published: February 2021

This study examined the contribution of working memory (WM) above and beyond other domain general (e.g., processing speed; PS) and domain specific abilities (e.g., Approximate Number System; ANS) for mathematical performance in low achieving (LA) preschool children. Pre-schoolers aged 3 to 5 years (N = 139) were included in the study. Children performing below the 35th percentile on a Test of Early Mathematical Abilities (TEMA-3) were considered LA and at potential risk for later mathematical learning difficulties (MLD). First, the relationships between measures of simple and central executive visuospatial and verbal WM tasks (forward, backward, and dual processing tasks), ANS, PS abilities and early mathematical abilities were explored. Then, the contribution of these measures in predicting low mathematical performance was examined in several stepwise logistic regressions. The results showed that all measures were significantly correlated, and that ANS alone explained only a smaller amount of variance in low maths achievement. Surprisingly, PS did not contribute to prediction of low maths achievement and when visuo-spatial and verbal WM measures were added to the analyses they alone explained variance to a large degree. We concluded that central executive WM and particularly backward processing ability seems to play an important role in the development of mathematical abilities in LA preschool children. Results were discussed in relation to research on WM, executive functions (EF), and early mathematical development. Conclusions for early screening and intervention in preschool were also drawn.
I am looking for your mind. Pupil dilation predicts individual differences in sensitivity to hints of human-likeness in robot behavior
Authors: Marchesi Serena , Bossi Francesco , Ghiglino Davide , De Tommaso Davide , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

The presence of artificial agents in our everyday lives is continuously increasing. Hence, the question of how human social cognition mechanisms are activated when we interact with artificial agents, such as humanoid robots, has been asked. One interesting question is whether humans perceive humanoid robots as mere artefacts (interpreting their behavior with reference to their function, thereby adopting the design stance) or as intentional agents (interpreting their behavior with reference to mental states, thereby adopting the intentional stance). Due to their human-like appearance, humanoid robots might be capable of evoking the intentional stance. On the other hand, the knowledge that humanoid robots are only artefacts should call for adopting the design stance. Thus, observing a humanoid robot might evoke a cognitive conflict between the natural tendency of adopting the intentional stance and the knowledge about the actual nature of robots, which should elicit the design stance. In the present study, we investigated the cognitive conflict hypothesis measuring participants’ pupil dilation during the completion of InStance Test. Prior to each pupillary recording, participants were instructed to observe the humanoid robot iCub behaving in two different ways (either machine-like or human-like behavior). Results showed that pupil dilation and response time patterns were predictive of individual biases in the adoption of the intentional or design stance in the IST. These results may suggest individual differences in mental effort and cognitive flexibility in reading and interpreting the behavior of an artificial agent.
Listeners are initially flexible in updating phonetic beliefs over time: A replication and replacement of Saltzman and Myers (2018)
Authors: Saltzman David , Myers Emily
Published: February 2021

Perceptual learning serves as a mechanism for listeners to adapt to novel phonetic information. Distributional tracking theories posit that this adaptation occurs as a result of listeners accumulating talker-specific distributional information about the phonetic category in question (Kleinschmidt & Jaeger, 2015). What is not known is how listeners build these talker-specific distributions; that is, if they aggregate all information received over a certain time period, or if they rely more heavily upon the most recent information received and down-weight older, consolidated information. In the present experiment, listeners were exposed to four interleaved blocks of a lexical decision task and a phonetic categorization task in which the lexical decision blocks were designed to bias perception in opposite directions of a “s”-“sh” contrast. Listeners returned several days later and completed the identical task again. In each individual session, listener’s perception of a “s”-“sh” contrast was biased by the information in the immediately preceding lexical decision block (though only when participants heard the “sh”-biasing block first, which was likely driven by stimulus characteristics). There was evidence that listeners accrued information about the talker over time since the bias effect diminished in the second session. In general, results suggest that listeners initially maintain some flexibility with their talker-specific phonetic representations, but over the course of several exposures begin to consolidate these representations.Note: This article is a replication and replacement of Saltzman and Myers (2018), which was retracted after the authors discovered an error in stimulus presentation during the phonetic categorization task.
Idiographic network models of social media use and depression symptoms
Authors: Rodriguez Micaela , Aalbers George , McNally Richard J.
Published: February 2021

Background: Disentangling the impact of social media use on well-being is a priority for psychological research. Numerous studies suggest that active social media use (ASMU) enhances well-being, whereas passive social media use (PSMU) undermines it. However, such research has conducted group-level analyses, potentially obscuring individual differences. We examined person-centered relationships between SMU and depression symptoms by using a publicly available experience sampling dataset (Aalbers et al., 2019). Methods: Dutch undergraduate students (N = 125) reported PSMU, ASMU, and depression symptoms 7 times daily for 14 days. We (a) visualized interindividual variability in temporal associations between social media use and individual depression symptoms, (b) compared the aggregate network model to idiographic models, and (c) determined the distribution of person-specific temporal associations. Results: Overall, we found that associations between social media use and depression symptoms differed substantially from individual to individual in both strength and kind. In addition, PSMU and ASMU were very weakly to weakly associated with depression symptoms for most individuals. Conclusions: Studying idiographic relationships between social media use and depression may help us (1) determine which individuals are most at risk of experiencing elevated depression symptoms after using social media and (2) personalize therapeutic treatments to alleviate symptoms.
Al-Farabi Perspective Religion and Practical Ratio (in the study "Frank E Renolds and David Tracy Religion and Practical Reason" Paul Walker) dalam Buku Internasional Proceeding of Internasional Conference in Interdisiplinery Islamic Studies, Social Science and Humanity (ICIIS-ICIIS-SSH)
Authors: Aminudin  , Yusuf Habibie
Published: February 2021

The figure of the second leading philosopher after Aristotle among Muslim philosophers, namely Abu Nasr al-Farabi who was born around the 10th century (w. 950 AD) who wanted to try to integrate the thoughts of two early Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle about theoretical ratios (Platonic) and practical ratios (Aristotle). Known as al-Farabi is the most prominent founder of religious philosophy, because his achievements in mastering the fields of philosophy exceeded previous figures in the Arab world. Besides mastering several fields of philosophy with ease, he also mastered and appreciated religion. His students included Ibn Rusydi, Ibn Tufayl, Ibn Sina, and Maimondes.AlFarabi agrees with the division of Aristotle's ratios on theoretical ratios and practical ratios. However, in this case al-Farabi adds the term 'practical ratio application' and divides the theoretical ratio into two, namely 'demonstrative science' and 'discursive science'. Al-Farabi not only faced massive cultural pressures that were not merely Islamic, but also a series of religions and Prophets who had been responsible for their respective times. Therefore, in understanding his political philosophy al-Farabi included the important role of the Prophets, both the Prophet of his time [Muhammad SAW] or previous prophets
Book Review: Community Radio Policies in South Asia by Preeti Raghunath
Authors: Shaw Padmaja
Published: February 2021

Padmaja Shaw reviews “Community Radio Policies in South Asia” by Preeti Raghunath. Raghunath applies “deliberative policy ecology approach” to study how policy frameworks evolved in four South Asian nations, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Raghunath argues that the “deliberative policy ecology approach” is rooted in emancipatory politics that brings in the stakeholders at the bottom of the policy food chain. Raghunath’s intricate map of policy formulation in post-colonial societies is an engaging revelation of the continued contradictions between the developmentalist instincts of the state and the push of grassroots voices to claim their legitimate space in decision making.
Studying the Impact of Critical Issues on Islamic Education
Authors: Khatoon Asia , Mahesar Rameez Ali , Raza Asif Ali
Published: February 2021

This paper discusses Islam and education with reference to academic concepts of the education. It is very difficult task to build Islamic education in the non-Muslims countries, because non-Muslims have different traditions, cultural, political, and also in education. But we define some important issues in education. First; improving the public awareness in the Islamic schools where they cannot be good and lack the trust between Muslim and non-Muslim communities. So how we can improve the public awareness of Islamic schools and how we can enhance the trust of society. The second; financial permanence - in this issue, we improve the quality of education through sufficient income. The third issue in Islamic education is qualified teachers. How to improve Islamic education, train our students, and how to attract them towards Islamic education. The fourth; building the effective boards. They work as a backbone of Islamic education. The fifth one is of curriculum.
Terrorism and Iraqi National Security 2003-2017: the Socio-Economic and Cultural Losses
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Political Science and Management, Soran University, Hamadamin Nayar Muhiadeen , Ali Othman Ahmed ,   College of Arts Relations, Salahaddin University
Published: February 2021

This paper is entitled "Terrorism and Iraqi National Security 2003-2017: the Socio-Economic and Cultural Losses". It discusses the impact of the acts of terrorist groups, especially by Al Qaeda and ISIS on Iraqi national security. Besides, it highlights the impact of terrorist groups on the Iraqi national unity, and socio-cultural sectors of Iraq's society. The findings of our paper show the wide range extent of damages done by the two mentioned terrorist organizations on Iraq's national security, in terms of cost, time, and quality. Besides, the terrorist acts, especially that of ISIS, had a profound effect on Iraq's peace, stability, and had disrupted the social cohesion of Iraqi society. Keywords: ISIS, Al-Qaeda, National Security, Culture, and Iraqi Society
An Analysis of the Semantic Network of the Adpositions (Ta) and (Lægæl) from a Cognitive Semantic Prospective
Authors:   Kurdish Department, Faculty of Arts, Soran university, Kanaby Dler Sadiq , Bapir Dlawar Shukri
Published: February 2021

This research exposes the( distinct senses) and (primary sense) of the prepositions (Ta) and (Lægæl), based on (principled polysemy model); this model is presented within the Cognitive Linguistics framework in 2003 by ( Tyler and Evans). It determines both distinct senses and primary sense of prepositions. In the beginning, the model and the concepts related to the main point of the research are defined. After that according to the model criteria the distinct senses and primary sense are demonstrated. The paper concludes that the Semantic network of preposition (ta), apart from the sense that (shows the end of place /time) which is the primary sense of that preposition, has (four) distinct senses as long as (one) cluster sense among them. The Semantic network of the preposition (Lægæl) conveys the sense of (together), which is considered the primary sense of that preposition, It has also (thirteen) distinctive senses, that are linked with the primary sense through (three) cluster senses.
The Impact of the Trump Doctrine on U.S. foreign policy toward Iraq
Authors:   PhD student at Soran University, Mohammed Chenar Babaker , Issa Salih Omar ,   Department of Diplomacy and International Relations, College of Political Sciences
Published: February 2021

Under the Trump administration, U.S. foreign policy has focused on curbing Iran's influence and the role and maintaining counter-terrorism operations in Iraq. President Trump's focus in Iraq has been through smart power, an approach that stresses the need for a robust military presence and invests in political relationships to expand influence and establish its legitimacy. Trump's focus is pursuing U.S. interests in Iraq while curbing Iran, which, in the Trump administration's perspective, is counter to the previous administration's actions of engagement by the Bush administration and disengagement by the Obama administration that deteriorated U.S. interests in Iraq at the expense of the United States. At its core, Trump's policies can be defined as Transactional Realism. Therefore, it can be argued that, despite focusing on U.S. troop withdrawal, Trump will maintain U.S. involvement in Iraq and contain and deter threats to U.S. interests in Iraq. Keywords; Trump Doctrine, Iraqi crisis, War on Terror, Iranian intervention,
ڕەنگدانەوەی مەقامەكانی سالیك لە ناوەرۆكی شیعرەكانی (مەلای جەزیری)دا
Authors:   College of education, Salahaddin University-Erbil Department of Kurdish Language, ISMAEL REBWAR MOHAMMED
Published: February 2021

This research is entitled “The Reflection Of Salik Maqaamat In The Content Of Maly Jaziri’s Poems”. It is an attempt to exhibit an aspect associated with Sufism. This respect is depicted in Salik’s Maqaamat. In the world of Sufism, the practitioner, who seeks to find the truth, must attain some stages which are called Maqaamat. The maqaamat should be reflected in the personality of the practitioner. This research lays emphasis on the nature and property of Salik within the framework of Sufism in general and Islamic Mysticism. Having presented Jaziri as a Salik, the research analyzes the poems which possess the properties of being a Salik. The quantity and quality of the reflection of maqaamat in Jaziri’s poems are presented. After highlighting the conclusions of the research, references, Arabic and English abstracts are presented. Key words: Sufism, Maqaam, Salik, God’s path, Sufism expression, Real love.
وڵاتی كاردۆخیا له‌ سه‌رده‌می ده‌سه‌ڵاتی فارسه‌ هاخامه‌نشییه‌كاندا
Authors:   College of Arts, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Ghafury Rezan Q. Abdullah , Hassan Qader Mohammad ,   College of Arts. Salahaddin Eniversity-Erbil
Published: February 2021

Carduchoi located in the Upper Mesopotamia in the area where the Taurus and Zagros Ranges met, it had a strategic location, several cities and towns built along the narrow valleys and plains along the Tigris river and its branches there. On the other hand, the area surrounded with high ranges of Carduchoi like (Judi Dag), these high mountains made a natural boundary and make the area inaccessible except from the mountain gorges and passes. These passes and gorges were the routes of the caravans and the military campaigns. After the fall of the Median Empire, the land of Carduchoi laid under the Achaemenid hegemony in 547BCE when Cyrus the Great crossed the Tigris and went up to Anatolia through Carduchoi. This paper deals with the political and cultural aspects of Carduchoi and the military and political unrests of the area in this period, discussing the real hegemony of the Achaemenids on Carduchoi, the role of the Carduchois in the revolts against Darius I, the Carduchois resists against the 10 thousands Greek retreat in the Xenophon’s Anabasis, and the relations of the Carduchois with their neighbors, the Achaemenids, and the Greeks.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENGERJAKAN SOAL PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN PECAHAN BERDASARKAN KRITERIA WATSON
Authors: Pramada Dedi , Hajerina Hajerina
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the criteria for errors made by students at SDN 7 Sindue in solving story problems on fraction operations based on Watson's theory. The research subjects consisted of 3 students, each of whom had high, medium, and low abilities according to the ranking obtained. Based on the results of research conducted, the criteria for errors that are mostly carried out by students based on Watson's theory are error type Id (incorrect data), Ip (incorrect procedure), Od (missing data), Oc (missing conclusion), Rlc (level conflict response), Um (Indirect manipulation), Shp (Skills hierarchy). And the most common mistakes made by subjects 1, 2, and 3 are IP (Inappropriate Procedure), and RLC (Response Level Conflict) errors.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN KEBUGARAN SERTA HUBUNGANNYA PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ALKHAIRAAT PALU TAHUN 2016
Authors: Kango Supandri , Indriani  , Zaifullah Achmad
Published: February 2021

Dokter merupakan profesi yang membutuhkan tingkat kebugaran yang tinggi. Tingkat kebugaran yang tinggi dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor antara lain umur, jenis kelamin, makanan, kebiasaan merokok dan keturunan. Olahraga aktivitas fisik sangat berpengaruh pada kebugaran tetapi menuntut olahraga yang teratur dan berkesinambungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kebugaran pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Alkhairaat Palu dan membuktikan hubungan antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran. Metode penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Diambil 74 orang mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Alkhairaat secara random sederhana dari 292 mahasiswa fase akademik. Besar sampel ditentukan berdasarkan rumus Slovin. Penenentuan tingkat aktivitas fisik berdasarkan kuesioner Baecke dan dilakukan pengukuran tingkat kebugaran berdasarkan Harvard step tes. Dilakukan analisis deskriptif danuji hipotesis dengan uji korelasi chi square pada batas kemaknaan 5%. Hasil penelitian, (1).Didapatkan Mahasiswa yang bugar (85,1%) dan yang tidak bugar (14,9%). (2). Didapatkan Mahasiswa yang aktif dalam menjalankan aktivitas fisik (63,5%) dan yang tidak aktif (36,5%).(3). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran p=0.00.Kesimpulan penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Alkhairaat palu tahun 2016.