bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Substance Abuse and Tuberculosis among Tribes: Study in Three Tribal Settings of Kerala, India
Authors: KR Anitha , Krishnan Anil
Published: February 2023

Substance abuse such as alcohol consumption and smoking serve as profound indicators for Tuberculosis (TB). Tribes in rural India are the vulnerable population for various diseases and substance abuse is more prevalent among them. Very few studies have been conducted to find the substance abuse and its association with TB among tribes in Kerala. Hence, we sought to understand the prevalence of substance abuse among tribes, and its association with chest symptomatic cases and cases with history of TB. This study aimed to identify the predictors of negative social behaviours among tribes and their association with chest symptomatic cases and history of TB. It was part of a collaborative research program to estimate the burden of TB amongst tribal groups, by ICMR, NIRT, Chennai and SRM University, Kancheepuram and Population Research Centre, Kerala conducted in 2018. This article presents the prevalence of substance abuse (tobacco and alcohol) among tribes, and its association with chest symptomatic cases and cases with history of TB. The study also tried to find out the predictors of substance use among tribes. Among 2609 tribes interviewed, 14.6% were smokers, 47 percent were used smokeless tobacco and 29% were consumed alcohol and only 20 respondents reported using drugs. Significant association of chest symptoms and TB history status with district, category of tribe, age, education, marital status, and nutrition are observed in the study. Chest symptomatic cases and those who had the history of TB had a highly significant association with use of smokeless tobacco and smoking. However, the study could not find a significant difference between those consuming alcohols. The predictors of substance abuse were found to be in higher age groups, low education, being in the low socio-economic profile and in the low BMI. To attain health goals like zero TB, control of substance use is an essential component especially among tribal communities. This study highlights the importance of education and better living conditions in reducing negative health behaviours among tribes.
Diagnosis and Management of Renal Sarcoma
Authors: Albadawe Hani , Al-Tartir Tareq
Published: February 2023

This is a case study related to renal sarcoma. Male patient of 66 years was studied who presented complaining of left flank pain. The images showed suspicious cystic mass, he underwent Robotic radical nephrectomy. The histopathology came as renal sarcoma. The concept of renal sarcoma has been presented in details, literature has been reviewed related to diagnosis, prognosis and case studies related to the subject done by different researchers in the field. The case has been presented in detail and discussed thereafter.
Operating room environmental improvements with Venturi valves and Environmental Quality Indicator risk prediction may help reduce Surgical Site Infections
Authors: Wagner Jennifer , G Greeley , S Sieber
Published: February 2023

Introduction: There is mounting evidence supporting the connection of the operating room airborne environment to Surgical Site Infections (SSI). Environmental Quality Indicators (EQI) can be measured to determine the risk of microbial contamination in the OR by room sector. This risk picture is used to inform educated improvements to the aseptic environment. When improvements based on the EQI risk picture are combined with precise control of the airborne environment using Venturi technology, the asepsis of the OR is maintained and the risk of contamination is lower. This study sought to determine if precisely maintained asepsis in the OR based on EQI risk picture lowered the SSI rate. Methods: The environmental quality indicators in a Craniotomy OR were measured and a risk picture, by room sector, was created. The EQIs measured included air change rates, humidity, temperature, pressure, particle counts, occupancy, traffic patterns, air flow and directionality, and door openings, among others. Improvements to the OR performance were made based on the risk picture and Venturi technology was used to precisely control the airborne environment. SSIs were tracked for 17 months prior to improvements and then for 10 months following the improvements. Results: The asepsis of the OR airborne environment was improved and an EQI risk picture was developed following improvements to document improvement. In the 17 months prior to improvements to the OR, there were 14 SSIs out of 430 total surgeries and the SSI rate was 3.9%. In the 10 months following the improvements, there was 1 SSI out of 180 surgeries, and the SSI rate was 0.5%. The reduction in SSIs was statistically significant at p=.0377 following improvements. Conclusion: Improvement of the airborne environment in ORs improves the asepsis and may help reduce SSI.
History and State of Neuropsychology in Japan: A Modest Proposal from a Clinical Psychological Perspective
Authors: Pomeroy Maiko , Okamura Yoko , Thaler Nicholas
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Neuropsychology is a branch of clinical psychology that specializes in brain-behavior relationships by assessing cognition, behavior, and emotion. Neuropsychology was initially developed in the United States and Europe, and their practices have shaped other countries’ practices such as Japan. However, neuropsychology in Japan also has its own unique history. Aims: The present paper aims to discuss the history, work environment and licensure, and prospects of Japanese neuropsychology by comparing them to those in the United States. Methods: Information on four topics, including 1) the history and development of neuropsychology and the license of a clinical neuropsychologist in the United States, 2) the history and current situation of neuropsychology in Japan, 3) the background and process of the licensure in clinical psychology and neuropsychology in Japan, and 4) future directions and recommendations, were gathered through literature searches, official organization websites, and personal communication with clinical psychologists and other professionals in Japan. Results: While clinical neuropsychologists in the United States have a background in clinical psychology, most of the people conducting neuropsychological assessments and research in Japan are physicians, occupational therapists, and speech-language-hearing therapists. This is believed to be due to differences in the system of health insurance, education and training, cultural factors shaping psychology practice in Japan, funding opportunities, and the research environment. Conclusion: The care of patients who have neurological injuries and illnesses is one of the most crucial tasks for clinical neuropsychologists. It is important for clinical neuropsychologists in Japan to improve their knowledge and skills in clinical psychology to match global standards.
Remote Monitoring in Heart Failure: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives
Authors: Shah Ruchit , Kedia Swarna , Rawooth Madhusmita , Chokalingam Kumar , Kadambi Pooja , Parchani Gaurav
Published: February 2023

Heart failure is linked to serious health problems, high medical expenses, and fatality. A promising approach to enhance the clinical care of heart failure patients and intervene prior to an overt decompensation is remote monitoring technology. Remote Monitoring technologies have shown potential in managing and carrying out medical therapy to improve the health and outcomes for heart failure patients. This review highlights the evidence on currently available remote monitoring technologies and avenues for heart failure patients and discusses the benefits and gaps thereof. The paper specifically focuses on the different categories of interventions, namely technology based, care-program based or a combination of the two, and delves into their outcomes and limitations. Out of the 47 publications included with a minimum sample size of 104 patients, 37 papers demonstrated successful patient compliance and clinical outcomes, while 10 papers hardly demonstrated any successful outcomes. Studies have shown that the use of remote patient monitoring devices lowers patient mortality and re-hospitalization rates while reducing hospitalisations by more than 65%. According to the review research, short- to medium-term advantages such as higher survival rates, lower hospital utilisation, and lower costs are mostly maintained over time. The results demonstrated that patients who used a hybrid (which included both care and technology) strategy of virtual, in-person, and asynchronous care had more convenience, access, improved clinical outcomes, and overall Quality of Life.In addition to these results, remote cardiac monitoring has also been associated with significant cost reductions.
Implementation of Telemedicine Services for Safe Abortion Access During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Colombia
Authors: Montenegro Paola , Rodríguez Nury , Zambrano Diana , Mejía Elías
Published: February 2023

Background: Covid-19 represented a health, humanitarian and economic crisis that affected the world's population, causing changes in the dynamics, structure and behavior of society. Health services were reorganized or interrupted due to the change in the prioritization of health needs and tele-abortion was one of the alternatives to ensure access to safe abortion during the pandemic. Aim: To identify the challenges and opportunities for the provision of tele-abortion services in Colombia, specifically in the Profamilia Association during and after the Covid-19 health emergency. Methods: Qualitative exploratory-descriptive research, based on the methodology of systematization of experiences, developed in three stages: the review of public policy documents, the use of manuscript and oral primary sources, and the analysis of the information collected. Results: In Colombia, the health crisis led to a more accelerated implementation of telemedicine and telehealth standards. The implementation of tele-abortion services in Profamilia began in 2020 through the "Mía Kit" as part of a strategy to expand the right to self-managed abortion. The organization faced challenges and opportunities at the organizational, socio-political and cultural levels. The challenges were related to the need for training in the effective use of Information and Communication Technologies, the lack of guidelines for the provision of tele-abortion services and social imaginaries about the suitability of face-to-face care. Opportunities were found to be related to national coverage, protocols, programs and organizational policies on abortion care, and the preference of some users to receive abortion care in a non-face-to-face setting. Conclusion: Tele-abortion represents an opportunity to reduce the stigma associated with this intervention, allowing women to access this service in an environment they consider adequate and safe. Virtual advising and accompaniment are essential for this practice to be effective.
Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Six Lactobacillus Isolates from American Quarter Horses
Authors: Baartmans Racheal , Mendoza Mary , Dickey Allison , Hassan Hosni
Published: February 2023

The internal cavity of equine contains symbiotic microorganisms that are collectively referred to as the gut microbiota, which interact with the host immune system from birth. The microorganisms in the gut microbiota are shaped by their interactions with the gut environment throughout the life of the host, i.e., exposure to antibiotics and diet. Lactobacilli are one of the major groups found in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals. Lactobacilli are members of the lactic acid bacteria, and they help to maintain a balanced gut microbiome and stimulate the host’s immune system. In this study six equine Lactobacillus spp. were isolated from three American Quarter horses of different ages (i.e., 1-day post-weaning, 1.5-month post-weaning, and 10-year-old mature gelding). The metabolic properties that allowed the isolates to survive in the harsh environment of the gut were characterized. Thus, we evaluated their abilities to metabolize different carbohydrates and to withstand acidic pH, bile salts, antibiotics, and to inhibit pathogenic bacteria which may be encountered during their passage to the small/large intestine. We also identified the genetic elements that allow the isolates to survive and persist in the host’s gut environment by using data generated from whole genome sequencing. The data indicated that the isolates were metabolically adapted to the age of the host and the type of feed consumed. The characterized isolates are potential probiotic candidates for enhancing the gut health of equines.
The Role of Self-Compassion in Predicting Psychological Resilience and Adaptive Responses during the Covid19 Pandemic
Authors: Demetriou Loucia , Hatzi Vasiliki , Hadjicharalambous Demetris
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 was a global pandemic and a mental health emergency posing long-lasting negative consequences on people's well-being. Understanding coping responses that lead to quicker and more positive adaptation patterns after temporary adversity can help people return quickly to well-being. Our research aims to explore the role of self-compassion in predicting more adaptive responses, lowering anxiety levels and fear of COVID-19 contagion, and improving psychological resilience during the pandemic challenges. Relevant research findings confirm self-compassion and psychological resilience's positive contribution to the individual's problem-solving skills. Our research is quantitative with the use of two standardized questionnaires, namely, Neff’s “Self-compassion scale” 18 and Smith’s “Concise Resilience Scale” 28 (in Greek). Participants were 164 Greek and Cypriot subjects aged 18-65, and we collected data online by sharing the questionnaire's link on social media. Data analysis through the SPSS 25.0 showed high levels of resilience and self-compassion, moderate anxiety, and high levels of fear of COVID-19 contagion. Moreover, we detected statistically significant positive correlations between self-compassion and psychological resilience, and significant negative correlations between anxiety, fear of contagion, resilience, adjustment, and self-compassion, indicating that high levels of self-compassion can predict high levels of resilience and be protective factors against anxiety and fear of COVID-19 contagion toward more adaptive responses.
An overview of lockdown measures, vaccination rollout and other treatment strategies used against COVID-19 in the past triennium since the start of the global pandemic in the United Kingdom
Authors: Paramedic Carl
Published: February 2023

In December 2019 there was a novel outbreak in Wuhan, China where an unknown respiratory disease known as SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) started to spread rapidly across the world. In March 2020 the World Health Organisation declared a global pandemic. Over the next few years, the United Kingdom began adapting specific lockdown measures to prevent the spread of the disease, where a vaccination programme was started in December 2020 across the country to help prevent severity and reduce the rate of infection. Since the start of the pandemic, health care professionals have continued to work on effective treatment strategies to help relieve the stress on the health systems and manage the symptoms of the disease across the nation.
International Comparison on Economics Impact from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Policy Analysis
Authors: Supple Brandon , Yu Jia
Published: February 2023

In the most recent Covid-19 pandemic, there was historical economic pressure placed on the world. Countries and governments were required to prepare themselves for the upcoming economic shock that would close the doors to businesses, halt gross domestic product (GDP) growth, and spike inflation rates. The four countries of the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore, and Australia all produced some methods of early economic response to the Covid-19 Pandemic. However, not all parameters taken towards mitigating the pandemic economic effects proved effective. In order to understand how effective some of these responses were, each country's Gross Domestic Product, Inflation Rate, Gross National Income, Unemployment Rate, and Manufacturing output were tracked along with the recorded cases and deaths from Covid-19. In addition, each country's pre-pandemic responses were also identified to understand how these countries reacted in preparation for the pandemic and to determine if those responses were effective. The data shows in the varying conditions that countries which was suffering from a falling gross domestic product growth rate and a relatively meager inflation rate were significantly bolstered by the pandemic to much more favorable levels without much shock to unemployment. The research also discovered the negative relationship between the pandemic prevention polices and potential economic growth.
Echinococcus Infestation of the Central Nervous System as the Primary and Solitary Manifestation of the Disease: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Panagopoulos Dimitrios , Gavra Maria , Stranjalis Georgios , Efstathios Efstathios , Korfias Stefanos , Karydakis Ploutarchos , Tmemistocleous Marios
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Hydatid disease of the central nervous system, especially when there is no involvement of other organs, is a rare occurrence and it accounts for 2–3% of all the hydatid cyst cases that are recorded worldwide. Echinococcus is considered as an endemic disease, mainly encountered in sheep and cattle-raising regions, with a large proportion of patients living in Mediterranean countries, as well as Turkey and Syria. Pediatric neurosurgeons in nonendemic countries are facing a differential diagnostic challenge when a patient with hydatid cyst of the central nervous system is admitted to their department, mainly due to lack of awareness. Materials and Methods: We report the case of an eleven years old patient, coming from a village, who was admitted to our hospital due to progressive hemiparesis, hemianopsia, headache and episodes of vomiting. A thorough laboratory and neuroimaging investigation was performed, which revealed the presence of a hydatid cyst at the right fronto-parietal region. An en-block total resection was performed and the patient neurological signs and symptoms were immediately relieved. Conclusions: The clinical features related to hydatid cyst involving the central nervous system are largely nonspecific. Nevertheless, MRI has proved to be a very important diagnostic tool, significantly enhancing the diagnostic aid of neuroimaging and supporting our pre-operative diagnostic accuracy. Laboratory investigation with immunological tests may be indicative, but negative results should be interpreted with caution. En block removal of the cyst without interruption of its wall and avoidance of any spillage of content is our ultimate therapeutic goal. Infection with Echinococcus granulosus should be included in the differential diagnosis for non-specific neurologic symptoms such as progressive headache, especially in pediatric patients who are coming from regions which are considered as endemic for such parasitic diseases. In addition, the adjuvant therapy with albendazole is strongly indicated. The majority of misdiagnoses or delayed diagnoses may have resulted from confusing clinical features and atypical radiographic findings.
Factors Affecting Ischemic Stroke Short-Term Outcome According to Hemoglobin Level
Authors: Naess Halvor , Logallo Nicola , Waje-Andreassen Ulrike , Kvistad Chrisopher
Published: February 2023

Background and aims There seems to be a U-shaped relation between hemoglobin level and ischemic stroke severity. We aimed to explore possible causes of this relation. Methods All patients with ischemic stroke between 2006 and 2016 admitted within 3 hours of onset were included. Hemoglobin and NIHSS score were obtained on admission. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was obtained day 7. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (lowess smoother) curves displaying the frequencies of M1 occlusion and complications according hemoglobin level on admission and lowess smoother curves displaying mRS day 7 in patients with and without middle cerebral artery (M1) occlusion according to hemoglobin level on admission were obtained. Results This study includes 905 ischemic stroke patients. Low hemoglobin was associated with pneumonia and urinary tract infection. Neurological worsening was not associated with hemoglobin level. Increasing mRS day 7 was strongly associated with increasing high hemoglobin in patients with M1 occlusion (correlation factor=.61, P=.02). Conclusions Poor outcome in ischemic stroke patients with low hemoglobin is associated with complications during the hospital stay whereas poor outcome in ischemic stroke patients with increasing high hemoglobin levels is associated with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.
Coping to What End?: Core Belief Disruption and Posttraumatic Growth During COVID-19
Authors: Dominick Whitney , Elam Taylor
Published: February 2023

The pandemic caused by the 2019 Novel Coronavirus disrupted life globally, leading to a disruption of core beliefs, the need for coping strategies, and the possibility of posttraumatic growth, the positive psychological change that may occur after a stressful or traumatic event. This study followed 201 participants from the United States (Mage: 35.39, SD: 14.60) at four time points over the first year of the pandemic. Core belief disruption, the use of coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth were assessed in March 2020 (T1), April 2020 (T2), September 2020 (T3), and April 2021 (T4). From T1 to T4, core belief disruption significantly increased, and the use of most coping strategies decreased, but overall posttraumatic growth did not change. However, posttraumatic growth at all four time points was predicted by higher levels of core belief disruption, although which coping strategies predicted core belief disruption and posttraumatic growth varied based on the time of assessment and whether analyses were cross-sectional or longitudinal. Overall, the avoidant coping strategy of substance use was most frequently associated with core belief disruption, followed by the emotion-focused strategies of acceptance, self-blame, and religion. Interestingly, each problem-focused coping strategy was predictive of core belief disruption at one time point cross-sectionally, but no problem-focused coping strategy predicted core belief disruption longitudinally. Alternatively, the problem-focused coping strategies of active coping and positive reframing were the most frequent predictors of posttraumatic growth, while 50% of avoidant and emotion-focused coping strategies, such as self-distraction, denial, emotional support, and venting, were not associated with posttraumatic growth at any time point. These results indicate that participants were flexible with the use of coping strategies based on the circumstances at the time. Additionally, the coping strategies that primarily predict core belief disruption differ from the coping strategies that primarily predict posttraumatic growth. These findings highlight the coping strategies that should be avoided since they may contribute primarily to core belief disruption and encourage the use of coping strategies that may promote psychological growth following traumatic events.
Radiation Oncology-Future Vision for the Modern Radiation Oncologist
Authors: Yancey Jessica , Jones Gavin , Kopecky Andrew , McGunigal Mary , Sioshansi Shirin , Rava Paul , Ko Eric , Ding Linda , Bishop-Jodoin Maryann , FitzGerald Thomas
Published: February 2023

Radiation oncology has evolved as a discipline and the physicians who practice radiation oncology are adapting to the changing landscape of oncology management. The skill set for the modern radiation oncologist has matured as the requirements for modern patient care have become increasingly complex both in patient evaluation and treatment execution. Radiation oncology interacts with all medical and surgical subspecialties and advanced radiation therapy treatment plans require nimble use of volumetric anatomic and metabolic image sets and applied pathology to contour targets for successful treatment. Although multidisciplinary care management can serve to confirm and validate a treatment plan among providers, the number of providers involved with an individual patient management plan can also generate confusion and mixed messaging for the patient and their family. Because radiation oncologists work with every discipline and see patients weekly on treatment, often the relationship between the radiation oncologist and the patient can serve as a bridge between disciplines and radiation oncologists can serve to align the disciplines with the patient to re-affirm the care plan, limit confusion, and generate confidence for the patient with the plan and the providers. In this chapter, we will review the changing role of the radiation oncologist as we continually move directly into the mainstream of patient care, in equal partnership to medical oncology with highly advanced tools for modern therapy. Survivorships models of care will mature as radiation oncologists become more integrated into primary and follow up management of each cancer patient.
Is there a Role for Measuring Direct Oral Anticoagulant Levels in Select Patients?
Authors: Baruch Lawrence , Bhatia Kirtipal , Lopez Persio , Sherman Olga
Published: February 2023

Direct oral anticoagulants are recommended as first line therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolic disease. Measurement of drug levels or pharmacodynamic effect is not recommended during treatment. Dose adjustments are based on age, weight, kidney function and drug-drug interactions. These adjustments are generally based on an estimate of their effect on drug concentration. DOAC dosing recommendations differ across the world. These differences in prescribing recommendations result in different levels of DOAC exposure in patients with identical clinical characteristics. Additionally, data from clinical trials has shown that drug levels may vary significantly in individual patients with identical clinical characteristics despite taking the same prescribed dose. More concerning is that current prescribing recommendations provide cut points for dose adjustments, as an example age 80 or greater in the case of apixaban in atrial fibrillation, which may result in dramatically higher drug concentrations in patients with significantly higher bleeding risk. Data from outcome trials in both atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism have provided mean-median drug concentrations for each of the DOACs. These trial results appear to demonstrate that once a threshold DOAC plasma concentration is reached, higher concentrations fail to provide significant added ischemic stroke reduction while at the same time add an increased risk of bleeding. Bleeding remains a significant problem with DOACs and is associated with an increase in short and long-term mortality, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, cost, and drug interruption and discontinuation. Over the past years, our clinic has been assessing DOAC concentration in patients at risk for under or over exposure. Based on our experience, clinical characteristics alone appear to be insufficient, as a significant number of patients with characteristics suggesting high exposure would be under-dosed using a purely clinical approach and an even greater number, who are at elevated risk of bleeding would have had excessive levels, if prescribing were based strictly on the established dose reduction criteria. We propose, and provide our supporting clinical experience, that measuring DOAC levels in select patients will increase the margin of safety of these medications without compromising efficacy.
The effectiveness of intrapartum cardiotocography with fetal outcome-a hospital-based study
Authors: Sarker Anima , Anjuman Ara  , Mosammat Shahina Begum  , Juthi Bhowmik  , Hafija Akter  , Shanta Fahmida Haque  , Shah Jasmine Basir
Published: February 2023

Background: The determination of the fetal condition during labour is important to minimize fetal mortality, morbidity and neurological sequelae of fetal hypoxia. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of intrapartum cardiotocography (CTG) in detecting fetal outcomes.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology in the centre for women and child health (CWCH), Ashulia, Dhaka from November 2020 to August 2022. The study was carried out with a total of 63 pregnant women (n=63) who had delivered their child either by lower uterine caesarian section (LUCS) or normal vaginal delivery (NVD) during the study period.
Result: Among the participants, almost half participants (47.6%) were aged between 25-29 years. Intrapartum CTG was reactive in around half (54%) of the participants, while non-reactive in 46% of the participants. During the study period, intrapartum CTG was reactive in 34 patients. Of them, only 19 patients had an NVD, while 15 patients despite normal intrapartum CTG also underwent LUCS due to various reasons such as having meconium-stained liquor or slightly stained liquor, non-progressing labour or prolonged labour, premature rupture of the membrane (PROM), fear of NVD etc. During the study period, all twenty-nine patients having intrapartum non-reactive CTG underwent LUCS. During the study period, intrapartum CTG was non-reactive in 29 cases. However, after delivery, the baby’s APGAR score was ≥7 for the 20 neonates of those 29 non-reactive CTG cases. On the other hand, intrapartum CTG was reactive in 34 of the participants. Among them, 3 neonates were delivered through NVD. However, meconium-stained liquor was found and the baby’s APGAR score was <7, which required NICU admission. In total, thirteen neonates (13, 20.6%) had required admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Conclusions: CTG is one of the reliable methods of monitoring the fetus. Non-reactive CTG record with a high probability indicates the likelihood of the presence of perinatal asphyxia. Instant and adequate decisions regarding obstetric intervention and optimal procedures should be taken if fetal distress is suspected.
Clinicopathological significance of preoperative thrombocytosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Yeasmin Sabiha , Khatun Sabera , Khatoon Farhana , Sultana Nadira , Sarker Reeta Rani , Yeasmin Nahida , Siddique Abu Raihan
Published: February 2023

Background: Reactive thrombocytosis is reported in a variety of solid tumors. A few studies have documented preoperative thrombocytosis in ovarian cancer.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during January to December 2019. A total of 94 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer between 18-70 years of age who underwent primary surgical treatment were included in this study. Chi-square tests were done to see the significance of differences between the two groups where p<0.05 considered as the level of significance with 95% CI.
Results: The mean age was 45.39±13.23 years in the thrombocytosis and 48.98±15.46 years in without thrombocytosis group with a range of 18 to 70 years (p=0.231). The difference in education and occupation were statistically significant (p<0.05) between the two groups. The mean Hb% was 10.02±1.47 (gm/dl) in thrombocytosis and 11.15±1.52 (gm/dl) without thrombocytosis group. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001) between two groups. The study showed that 30 (75.0%) patient’s serum CA-125 was >500 in the thrombocytosis group and 9 (16.7%) in the without thrombocytosis group (p=0,001), OR=15.0, 95.0% CI=4.92 to 47.72, p=0.001. Optimal cytoreduction between two groups were observed statistically significant (p=0.004), OR=3.49, 95.0% CI=1.33 to 9.28. The difference of grade of tumor observed statistically significant between the groups (p=0.022). The 11 (27.5%) patients had lymph node metastasis in thrombocytosis group and 6 (11.1%) in without thrombocytosis, OR=3.03, 95.0% CI=0.91 to 10.48, p=0.022. The OR of developing lymph node metastasis was 3.03 times higher in the thrombocytosis group.
Conclusions: Thrombocytosis was commonly detected in preoperative evaluation of women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer. Anemia, higher serum CA-125 level >500, sub-optimal cytoreduction, advanced stage disease, higher grade tumor, and lymphnode metastasis were significantly more frequent in patients with thrombocytosis.
Batata-doce de polpa roxa: produção de amido e aproveitamento da água residual
Authors: Silva Eloisa Abrantes da , Marcelino Ana Flávia Almeida , Sousa Elidiane Estácio de , Silva Fernanda Raquel Andrade da , Moura Neto Luis Gomes de , Oliveira Dalany Menezes
Published: February 2023

Cultivada em todo o território brasileiro, a batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) é uma hortaliça que apresenta ampla adaptação e fácil cultivo, além de ser fonte de antioxidantes e nutrientes importantes para a saúde humana. Os produtos desenvolvidos a partir dessa raiz, como as farinhas e amidos, agregam valor à produção e são formas alternativas de comercialização. Este estudo teve por objetivo testar a utilização do amido da batata-doce de polpa roxa na fabricação de produtos alimentícios, bem como avaliar o aproveitamento da água residual na produção de corantes. Após a extração e secagem, o amido obtido da batata-doce foi macerado e enviado para análise e para a produção de sequilhos. O amido obtido apresentou 6,11% de umidade e teor de antocianinas de 0,45 mg 100 g-1. Na produção dos sequilhos, observou-se que eles apresentaram um fator térmico abaixo de 1 e redução de umidade durante o cozimento. As análises realizadas demonstraram que o uso do amido da batata doce na produção de sequilhos resultou em um produto com baixa umidade (3,26%) e bom rendimento de produção (87%). O corante produzido com a água residual do amido apresentou bons índices de solubilidade (10,93) e absorção em água (0,33), mas elevado teor de açúcares redutores (81,46%). Os resultados deste estudo revelam que o amido da batata-doce de polpa roxa é promissor na fabricação de produtos alimentícios, com boas propriedades tecnológicas e funcionais na produção de sequilhos. Em relação ao corante da água residual, estudos futuros são necessários para alcançar maior estabilidade de conservação durante seu armazenamento e utilização.
Avaliação do conhecimento e importância das soft skills sob a perspectiva dos profissionais de informática: um estudo experimental
Authors: Albuquerque Danyllo Wagner , Rocha Lara Gabrielly Cavalcante , Braga Alexandre , Perkusich Mirko Barbosa , Dantas Filho Emanuel
Published: February 2023

As soft skills ou habilidades interpessoais são uma gama de traços de personalidade, comunicação, linguagem, hábitos pessoais que caracterizam nossos relacionamentos com outras pessoas. Essas habilidades são imprescindíveis na vida dos profissionais das diversas áreas, sendo esses atributos difundidos e procurados cada dia mais pelo mercado de trabalho. No contexto dos profissionais da área de informática, existe uma demanda prioritária para o desenvolvimento de diversas competências técnicas (e.g., linguagens de programação, bancos de dados, entre outras tecnologias). Contudo, existe também uma necessidade crescente de desenvolvimento de competências não técnicas por parte desse tipo de profissional. Assim, compreender quais soft skills são mais relevantes no contexto desses profissionais é de suma importância para o desenvolvimento de suas atividades. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar como profissionais de informática enxergam a importância do desenvolvimento das soft skills em suas carreiras e quais dessas habilidades interpessoais têm maior impacto em suas atividades. Por meio de dados coletados em um questionário eletrônico aplicado a profissionais da área de informática, foram obtidos dados quantitativos e qualitativos para fundamentar as diversas questões de pesquisa do presente estudo. Dados obtidos a partir de 62 respostas válidas demonstram que os profissionais de informática entendem que as soft skills têm um impacto em suas atividades diárias bem como no desenvolvimento de suas carreiras. Contudo, identificamos que ainda não existe grande preocupação com o desenvolvimento dessas habilidades, sendo necessária melhor difusão da importância de soft skills entre os profissionais da área de informática.
Validação de método espectrométrico para quantificação de um derivado de N-acilhidrazona
Authors: Araújo Gisele Jacinto de , Silva Renata Joyce Diniz , Moura Ricardo Olímpio de , Véras Neto José Germano
Published: February 2023

O desenvolvimento de métodos de quantificação é de extrema importância para o controle de qualidade de insumos farmacêuticos ativos, principalmente quando são de moléculas recém-sintetizadas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar um método analítico para quantificação do composto N’-((1H-indol-3il)metileno)-2-cianoacetohidrazida (JR-19). O método foi baseado na espectrometria UV como técnica analítica. Para obtenção dos espectros de absorção, foi utilizado espectrofotômetro Shimadzu UV-1280, na faixa de 190 nm a 350 nm, utilizando DMSO como solvente, e a validação foi realizada seguindo os parâmetros preconizados pelas normas RDC 166, ISO 17025 e DOQ-CGCRE-008. O comprimento de onda de máxima absorção foi de 311 nm. Em relação ao estudo de estabilidade de 8 horas, foi possível identificar que a solução fica estável a partir de 60 minutos. Para estabilidade das soluções por 14 dias, ficou demonstrado que a solução armazenada em temperatura ambiente, com ou sem proteção da luz, permanece estável. O método seguiu o processo de validação a partir da linearidade, faixa linear de trabalho, limites de detecção e de quantificação, precisão intermediária, exatidão e robustez. O método desenvolvido seguiu curva de calibração de 2,00 a 17,00 µg.mL-1, com coeficiente de correlação de 0,991 e regressão significativa e sem falta de ajuste a partir da Análise de Variância. Também foi observado que os resíduos possuem distribuição normal com os dados homocedásticos, demonstrando a significância estatística da curva ajustada. Os limites de detecção e quantificação foram 0,58 e 1,77 µg.mL-1, respectivamente. O método desenvolvido apresentou coeficientes de variação inferiores a 5% a partir do estudo de precisão intermediária. A exatidão foi avaliada a partir de teste de recuperação, obtendo-se um valor médio de 93,74%. A robustez do método foi avaliada a partir de duas distintas marcas de solventes e dois comprimentos de onda ao redor do obtido no modelo desenvolvido, e não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos resultados. Em conclusão, o método desenvolvido para determinação quantitativa da molécula JR-19 atendeu aos requisitos de qualidade preconizados pelas normas nacionais nos parâmetros estudados para validação.
Análise do transporte reativo de espécies químicas na zona saturada do solo através da Dinâmica dos Fluidos Computacional (DFC)
Authors: Silva André Luiz Da , Vieira Fernando Fernandes
Published: February 2023

Atualmente existe uma ampla preocupação com a contaminação das águas subterrâneas. Devido à necessidade de lidar com problemas dessa natureza, faz-se necessário o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que possibilitem o entendimento da propagação de poluentes em meios porosos, motivando a necessidade do incremento de modelos matemáticos e códigos computacionais que simulem o transporte reativo multiespécies. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se a implementação de um modelo matemático computacional para a simulação numérica da migração bidimensional transiente de poluentes na região saturada do solo, contemplando os mecanismos de advecção, sorção e reação química. O modelo matemático foi discretizado utilizando o método numérico dos volumes finitos e validado utilizando uma solução analítica para um meio semi-infinito saturado. Os resultados demonstram que uma fonte de contaminante injetada no meio poroso saturado, com geometria definida, migra gradualmente em direção à profundidade e à largura do meio, devido ao fluxo convectivo e difusivo, concomitante com retardo do poluente, induzido pela sorção na matriz sólida. A concentração de contaminantes no meio poroso saturado apresenta flutuações cíclicas, conforme dinâmica dos parâmetros e alterações dos perfis. Em relação à taxa de reação química, observou-se que quanto maior o valor do coeficiente de reação, menor a concentração e a profundidade que o poluente atingiu na zona saturada. O modelo computacional implementado apresenta uma ferramenta de apoio para a avaliação de impactos ambientais, sendo possível visualizar a extensão e o comportamento de uma pluma de contaminação e realizar inúmeras operações com baixo custo computacional, produzindo resultados numéricos aproximados dos fenômenos reais.
Evaluación de la gestión del suministro de medicamentos antirretrovirales en una institución prestadora de salud Medellín-Colombia 2013
Authors: Tobón-Marulanda Flor Ángela , Loaiza-Ocampo Jessica , Rojas-Durango Yesenia Andrea
Published: February 2023

Introducción: existe la necesidad de impulsar el suministro racional de medicamentos, según la necesidad del paciente, desde la gestión integral de un seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico con calidad y un enfoque de riesgo al usar un fármaco. Objetivo: analizar antecedentes en perspectiva de la gestión integral del suministro de los medicamentos antirretrovirales, con el in de contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. Materiales y Métodos: estudio cualitativo retrospectivo con enfoque hermenéutico, en una institución prestadora de salud de la ciudad de Medellín en el año 2013. Se realizó una revisión y análisis de los protocolos del sistema de gestión de la calidad de la institución en estudio, conforme a la normatividad vigente. A su vez, se hizo un diario de campo junto con observación no participante a los procesos que se ejecutan en las categorías de Inspección, Vigilancia y Control. Principalmente, se llevó a cabo un análisis estadístico del seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico mediante el coeiciente de Spearman. Resultados: se encontró que la gestión del suministro de los antirretrovirales en general se cumple conforme a las normas. No obstante, se halló que el seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico a cada uno de los pacientes que asisten a la institución es deiciente. Se evidenció que en el primer trimestre del año 2013 97,5% de los pacientes tratados con antirretrovirales, no le hicieron seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico en conformidad a la normatividad vigente y a lo establecido por los protocolos. Conclusión: se requiere mejorar y fortalecer el servicio de atención farmacéutico, liderado por profesionales suicientes y capacitados, que implementen otro seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico holístico, sistemático y permanente. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(2):11-20.
Resistencia a aminoglucósidos y quinolonas en cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae aisladas en dos unidades de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Universitario de Los Andes Mérida, Venezuela, entre 2007 y 2009
Authors: González Ana , Nieves Beatriz
Published: February 2023

Introducción: el incremento en la resistencia a aminoglucósidos y quinolonas es un grave problema para el tratamiento de las infecciones a nivel mundial. Sin duda uno de los factores que ha contribuido a este incremento, es la gran plasticidad que poseen para adquirir genes que le conieren resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Objetivo: determinar los patrones y genes de resistencia a aminoglucósidos y quinolonas en cepas de K. pneumoniae aisladas de dos unidades del Hospital Universitario de los Andes Mérida. Venezuela en 2007 y 2009. Materiales y Método: evaluaron 39 cepas de K. pneumoniae aisladas en la unidad de alto riesgo neonatal y unidad de cuidados intensivos de adultos. La sensibilidad antimicrobiana se determinó mediante la prueba de difusión del disco y por E-test. La detección de los genes aac(3)-IIa, aac(6)-Ib, arma, rmt, qnrA, qnrB y qnrS se realizó por PCR y posterior secuenciación. Resultados: el 100% de las cepas aisladas en 2007 portaban el gen aac(6)-Ib, mientras que el 57% de las cepas aisladas de la misma unidad y de la unidad de cuidados intensivos de adultos en el año 2009 portaban los genes de resistencia aac(3)-IIa, aac(6)-Ib. La resistencia a quinolonas se observó en el 88,8% de las cepas aisladas de la y portaban el gen qnrB. Conclusiones: la resistencia a los aminoglucósidos en las cepas aisladas en la unidad de alto riesgo neonatal estuvo mediada por los genes genes aac(3)-IIa y aac(6)-Ib. Mientras que la resistencia a quinolonas se presento en las cepas aisladas de la unidad de cuidados intensivos de adultos mediadas por el gen qnrB. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(2):21-30.
Resistencia a isoniazida y rifampicina en aislados de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en pacientes con coexistencia de tuberculosis y Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana, Colombia 2010 – 2012
Authors: Llerena-Polo Claudia , Valbuena Arias Angélica , Zabaleta-Vanegas Angie Paola
Published: February 2023

Introducción: la coexistencia de tuberculosis y el Virus de la Inmunodeiciencia Humana es un evento grave en salud pública que incrementa el riesgo de muerte, para el año 2013 la Organización Mundial de la Salud estimó nueve millones de personas con tuberculosis en el mundo, 1,1 millones (13%) serian positivos al Virus de la Inmunodeiciencia Humana y de estos, 360 000 morirían por esta causa. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de la resistencia a isoniazida y rifampicina en pacientes con coexistencia de tuberculosis y el Virus de la Inmunodeiciencia Humana durante los años 2010 a 2012. Materiales y Métodos: análisis de una serie de casos, que incluyo 902 casos de tuberculosis con coexistencia del Virus de la Inmunodeiciencia Humana; donde se evaluaron las variables de procedencia, sexo, edad, tipo de muestra y patrón de resistencia en casos nuevos y previamente tratados. Resultados: el 78,4% de los casos eran de sexo masculino, la mediana de edad fue 34 años, se identiicó multirresistencia en casos nuevos en un 3,6% y una resistencia a isoniazida y rifampicina de 6,7% y 1,4% respectivamente. En los casos previamente tratados la multirresistencia fue de 16,2%, la resistencia a isoniazida de 6,3% y a rifampicina de 3,7%. Conclusión: se evidenció que la presencia de resistencia es mayor en previamente tratados, en casos nuevos se observó resistencia a rifampicina sin ser multirresistentes, algo que no se documentó en la última encuesta nacional, estos hallazgos indican que es fundamental realizar prueba de sensibilidad. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(2):31-9.