bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Disinformation Activities of the KGB of Lithuanian SSR and Protection of Secrets in 1954–1991
Authors: Burinskaitė Kristina
Published: January 2025

Competition between the USA and USSR during the Cold War was concurrent with spying and protection of secrets. Those targets were implemented by various measures. Disinformation was an exceptionally important method among them. This method was very complicated, secret, reaching long-term aims and therefore difficult to detect. It was used to implement propaganda, intelligent and counterintelligence tasks. There were quite a few forms of disinformation, and it was used widely. It was very important in implementing Soviet policy. Soviet ideology and circumstances of international policy determined this importance.
The Soviet secret police always had a section that supervised and controlled strategically important enterprises, branches of the economy and science, transport and offices. The KGB paid much attention to them, because they were supposed to be objects of interest of foreign intelligence. A very important aspect of the KGB counterintelligence work was the protection of very important information. It also supervised how secret documents were protected in strategically important objects. A company or a plant itself (or its department) was protected. The KGB took some measures to make sure that stranger knew very little about its existence and purpose. The KGB also tried to deceive foreign intelligence by creating legends about strategic objects. The aim was to hide the true functions, the activities of the enterprises and its subordination to the military industry. Besides that, the KGB sought to protect secret information by toughening the control of movement of foreigners in Lithuania. Tourism and others exchanges with Western countries were under strict supervision of the KGB.
Testimony of Jonas Senkus about activity of Red terror museum
Authors: Anušauskas Arvydas
Published: January 2025

During the German occupation, the Museum of the Red Terror was established to collect testimonies of the horrors of the Soviet occupation in 1941–1944, as well as authentic Soviet security documents, which were even planned to be displayed in an exhibition in the West. However, the Germans also wanted to use it for anti-Soviet propaganda
The Authenticity of Cultural Ways of Life: A Hermeneutic of the Ifugao Social Practice Gotad
Authors: Bistol Joernie Mar U.
Published: January 2025

This study examines the Ifugao Gotad cultural practice to distinguish the valued transcendent meaning and the normative values that are faithfully lived. It builds on Ginev’s hermeneutic theory of social practices that determines the nexus of authenticity in human agency participating in configured practices. It is argued that an integral and authentic identity is achieved through reflexive appropriation of possibilities in routinized practices of everyday life and heeding the call of the cultural lifeform’s transcendent authority. In doing so, the study first shows how a hermeneutic of social practices provides an explanatory view of our culture. Second, the study examines how the hermeneutic of social practices allows the determination of human subjectivity and the cultural lifeform as existentially authentic or inauthentic. Lastly, a hermeneutic of the Ifugao cultural Gotad practice reveals the authenticity of the cultural lifeform through the members heeding the call of its transcendent meaning and authority. The reconfiguration of the traditional Ifugao Gotad practice into an institutionalized ethnocultural thanksgiving gathering represents the contemporary Ifugao cultural way of life, re-establishes and recontextualizes the people’s agency in the face of competing ways of life, encourages the people to continue to find ways of ensuring their well-being, allows the members to resolve tensions arising from conflicting ways of life, and rediscover their cultural rootedness.
Biomechanical application research on cognitive health management in the elderly based on data analysis and intelligent coordination in the age of artificial intelligence
Authors: Yu Dongxian , Qiu Guoke , Li Ming
Published: January 2025

The conventional approach to elder care is no longer able to satisfy the rising need for medical attention for the elderly due to China’s aging population. The demographic trait of “getting old before getting rich” presents a challenge to the distribution of social healthcare resources, as this article first examines the current pattern of changes in the composition of the older population. The community-based “healthcare integration” paradigm of senior care services has emerged as a successful remedy in this regard. Drawing on biomechanical principles, we can envision the community healthcare system as a complex “biomechanical network”. In order to categorize and predict the health data of the elderly, this study constructs a mathematical model akin to analyzing biomechanical forces and movements. By employing methods similar to optimizing structural loads, such as the CART decision tree and support vector machine (SVM) optimization, we enhance the model’s precision. Just as biomechanical systems adapt to varying loads, our model adapts to handle complex health data. By building the optimal classification plane of the support vector machine and adding relaxation variables, the model application solves the classification problem of linearly indivisible data, further enhancing the model’s accuracy and effectiveness, much like how a biomechanical structure self-adjusts to external pressures. In this paper, a geriatric health service platform based on information technology, including big data and the Internet of Things (IoT), is formed. The service system is a tripartite linkage disease management service model that covers the synergistic cooperation of community hospitals, third-party enterprises, and the streets where they are located. A prediction model for common cases, such heart disease, was developed by preprocessing and cleaning the data of 2311 valid samples from the China Geriatrics Center. The dataset was then characterized. The findings demonstrate the model’s high operability and accuracy in predicting health and managing long-term care for older people who are mobility. In the context of an aging society, by integrating biomechanical insights into the design of this healthcare model, the research not only establishes a theoretical foundation for community health care integration but also provides valuable references for implementing digital senior care services and enhancing health management for the elderly in an aging society.
The Use of Exploratory Factor Analysis to Identify Determinants of Green Innovation Product Acceptance Among Generation Z
Authors: . Maisaroh , Muslikhah RR. Siti , Suratman Andriyastuti , Junianta Reynaldi Dwi , Sholihah Masyithoh Annisaush , Saputri Isna Ajeng , Sofia Khansa Bunga , Asmi Afra Nabila Tazkiya , Rahma Nifly Enggina , Rizki Nur Aisyahnum Miftahul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify the factors influencing Gen Z's acceptance of green innovation products in Shuca products, namely perceived value, perceived quality, social influence, green product awareness, and price sensitivity. The method used is a quantitative survey research approach to analyze the determinants of Acceptance of Green Innovation Products, with the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method employed to determine the number and nature of factors explaining the covariance structure of the data. This research identifies three main factors determining the level of Gen Z's acceptance of green innovation products. First, Perceived Value is a key factor influencing Gen Z's acceptance of green innovation products. Second, Environmental Concern serves as another critical determinant of Gen Z's acceptance of green innovation products. Third, Green Product Awareness significantly affects Gen Z's acceptance of green innovation products. Marketing strategies focusing on quality, perceived benefits, and environmental concern can accelerate market acceptance. Additionally, social and educational campaigns can enhance awareness and preferences for green products. To address price sensitivity, companies need to offer affordable eco-friendly products without compromising quality or sustainability.
Organizational Capacity in Implementing the “Kang Pisman” Program: A Case Study of Waste Management in Bandung City
Authors: Sumaryana Asep , Komara Syifa Rachmania , Pancasilawan Ramadhan
Published: January 2025

The issue of waste management in Indonesia, both at the national and local levels, has become an important topic worthy of research. Policies issued by the government to address and minimize waste problems, such as Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 97 of 2017 on the National Policy and Strategy for Household Waste Management, as well as Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 17 of 2012 on Reducing the Use of Plastic Bags, demonstrate the government's commitment to tackling this issue. The implementation of these policies is carried out through various programs, one of which is the "Kang Pisman" program (Reduce, Separate, and Utilize), which began with the Waste Collection Movement. This program, introduced in 2018, aims to raise public awareness about sustainable waste management. However, the success of its implementation is highly influenced by the capacity of local government organizations to plan, execute, and evaluate these policies. Organizational capacity, which includes aspects such as human resources, infrastructure, inter-agency coordination, and internal policy support, plays a significant role in the effectiveness of the Kang Pisman program. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the organizational capacity of the Bandung City local government and the success of the Kang Pisman program in addressing waste management issues. The results of this research are expected to provide insights into the importance of strengthening organizational capacity to support the sustainability of environmental policies.
O Papel Crucial das Áreas Protegidas no Combate ao Desmatamento na Amazônia
Authors: Araujo dos Santos Thaylla , Do Amaral Mafessoni Liviz Cleber
Published: January 2025

Protected areas are crucial in combating deforestation in the Amazon, playing an essential role in conserving the tropical rainforest and maintaining vital ecosystem services for the planet. These areas, which include national parks, reserves, and indigenous lands, act as barriers against agricultural expansion and illegal logging, helping to preserve large tracts of native vegetation. Protecting these regions is critical for maintaining biodiversity, providing refuge for numerous threatened species, and contributing to climate and hydrological cycle regulation. Additionally, protected areas help mitigate climate change by sequestering large amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere, serving as important carbon sinks. They are also vital for promoting sustainable land use practices and implementing effective conservation policies. However, to ensure these areas fulfill their role, rigorous enforcement and proper resource allocation are essential. Integrating local, regional, and international efforts is necessary to strengthen their protection and ensure that the Amazon continues to play its vital role in global climate regulation and biodiversity conservation.
Teacher Qualifications and Proficiency in the use of Information and Communication Technology: A Performance Comparison
Authors: Mujtaba Haider Muhammad , Amer Atta Malik , Gul Aleeza , Sammar Abbas Shah Syed , Waqas Ali Shah Syed
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the difference in teacher qualifications, and their ICT knowledge and skills employed in second-density schools in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). The subjects comprised 100 secondary school teachers, who were chosen through a stratified random sampling technique based on teacher’s qualifications of Bachelor’s degree, Master’s degree and M.Phil./Ph.D. Students, heads of sections and teachers filled a structured questionnaire; quantitative results (t-tests conducted in SPSS) highlighted the difference in ITC literacy between teachers holding a Master’s, M.Phil./Ph.D. and those holding only a B.A. The study revealed that teachers with more formal education had more skills in the use of ICT they need more qualifications and training to be effective in using ICT. This study stresses the importance of focused ICT preparing to less qualified teachers to enhance the gaps in their training to ensure effective use of devices in learning.
Estrategia didáctica creativa e innovadora para la mejora del proceso de enseñanza de los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Básica de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí
Authors: Giler Figueroa Darwin Horacio , Vega Intriago Jisson Oswaldo
Published: January 2025

En el proceso educativo es necesario implementar cambios constantemente que fortalezcan la enseñanza y aprendizaje, adoptar nuevas metodologías creativas. Las metodologías tradicionales, aunque efectivas, tienden a asignar roles pasivos al estudiante, mientras que nuevas fomentan la autonomía y participación activa, como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y la clase invertida, por lo tanto, mediante el presente artículo, se analiza que la correcta elección de una metodología educativa para el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje que se adapte a las necesidades de la clase. Además, se destacan estrategias de intervenciones creativas e innovadoras con el objetivo de diseñar e implementar estrategias didácticas que mejoren el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en los estudiantes para el desarrollo educativo, a través de este estudio, también se aborda la selección de la exposición del aprendizaje a los métodos de enseñanza adecuados a las necesidades del curso, con el propósito del diseño y evaluación de nuevas estrategias educativas y su impacto en el contexto de aprendizaje que promueven la independencia de los estudiantes.
El Poder del Marketing Relacional y Experiencial en la Fidelización de Aficionados del Club América en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México
Authors: Arriaga Pérez María Fernanda , Hernández Ortiz Iván , Hernández Aranda Irma , Cerón Islas Arlen , Figueroa Velázquez Juan Gabriel
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio se enfocó en analizar las estrategias de fidelización implementadas por el Club América, con especial atención en cómo el marketing relacional y experiencial influyen en la lealtad de sus aficionados. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM), que abarca la Ciudad de México, el Estado de México e Hidalgo, delimitando como grupo de estudio a aficionados del club de entre 12 y 57 años que han asistido a partidos o adquirido productos oficiales en los últimos tres años. El estudio tiene relevancia por la creciente competencia en la industria deportiva y la necesidad de entender cómo los clubes pueden mantener la lealtad de su base de seguidores en un entorno donde las experiencias digitales y en el estadio son cada vez más cruciales. Utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo, se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario validado previamente, que incluyó 56 ítems para evaluar dimensiones clave como satisfacción, percepción del marketing relacional y experiencial, y nivel de lealtad. Este trabajo busca aportar al conocimiento sobre estrategias de marketing en el deporte, proporcionando un caso representativo que ilustra cómo un club puede fortalecer su vínculo emocional con sus seguidores y adaptarse a sus expectativas cambiantes para mantenerse como una marca icónica en la industria deportiva.
Biología de los picudos plaga y su amenaza en las especies botánicas en el Casanare – Colombia
Authors: Moya Arévalo Rosa Helena , Rodríguez Fandiño Oscar , Avella Castelblanco Juan Carlos , Quisphi González María , Matamoros Osorio Jhon Alexander
Published: January 2025

La región de la Orinoquía alberga una amplia diversidad biológica y ecosistemas extensos, junto con actividades agropecuarias relevantes como los cultivos de palma africana y plátano, que contribuyen a la economía y la seguridad alimentaria. Los insectos de la subfamilia Dryophthorinae representan un reto agrícola debido a su impacto ecológico y económico, lo que resalta la importancia de estudiarlos para diseñar estrategias de manejo que favorezcan la sostenibilidad de los recursos biológicos. Entre marzo y mayo de 2023, se realizaron muestreos en cinco municipios de Casanare, Colombia, utilizando feromonas de agregación en 132 puntos de trampeo. El análisis de la información incluyó modelos de distribución con Maxent, integrando datos meteorológicos del IDEAM y Fedearroz, y métodos estadísticos no paramétricos para identificar diferencias y relaciones entre variables. En total se recolectaron 2994 ejemplares de Dryophthorinae en cultivos de palma africana y plátano. Rynchophorus palmarum y Metamasius spp. mostraron preferencias de hábitat hacia palma y plátano, respectivamente, con diferencias significativas en las capturas (p<0.001). Además, se confirmó el registro de Rhinostomus barbirostris en Casanare y la presencia de Cosmopolites sordidus en palma africana. Los resultados identificaron áreas con condiciones favorables para estas especies. Sin embargo, se recomienda realizar estudios adicionales para evaluar su distribución en un rango más amplio de altitudes y ambientes, lo que contribuirá a un mejor entendimiento de su ecología y manejo.
MANEJO DAS VIAS AÉREAS EM PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS
Authors: Santos Jamille Cristina Conceição , Caldas Ivete Furtado Ribeiro , Tannus Lorena de Oliveira , Cancian Pâmela Daiana , Marinho Antonione Lima , Mariano Katiucha Rodrigues dos Santos , Pinheiro Andreza Holanda de Oliveira , Silva Bruna Luanda Costa , Bastos Marina Meira , Wassally Lorrana Giovanna dos Santos
Published: January 2025

O manejo das vias aéreas em pediatria é um desafio crítico devido às peculiaridades anatômicas e fisiológicas das crianças, como vias aéreas estreitas e maior consumo de oxigênio, que aumentam o risco de dessaturação e hipoxemia. Esses fatores exigem estratégias adaptadas e equipes treinadas para garantir intervenções seguras. Desde a escolha do tubo para intubação orotraqueal até o uso de métodos menos invasivos, como a ventilação não invasiva (VNI), através de interfaces como a pronga nasal e a cânula nasal de alto fluxo (CNAF), cada decisão impacta diretamente o prognóstico. Este artigo explora as principais técnicas, equipamentos e decisões que norteiam o manejo respiratório em pediatria, apresentando insights para otimizar o atendimento e reduzir complicações.
Charting the Path: Assessing Uzbek Language Alphabet Reforms and Their Sociolinguistic Impact
Authors: Bahodirovna Akhmedova Mehrinigor , Zubayda Tashova , Parvina Sharipova , Sabina Jumayeva
Published: January 2025

This article delves into the recent reforms in the Uzbek language alphabet, analyzing the motivations, methods, and outcomes. The study explores the advantages and disadvantages of the changes, considering technical challenges faced by different generations in reading and writing. It evaluates the role of the alphabet in society and education, highlighting divergent perspectives among linguists. While some argue that these reforms risk eroding cultural heritage, others view them as crucial for linguistic clarity and international integration. The results offer a balanced analysis, aiming to deepen understanding of the reforms' significance and their implications for both older and younger populations.
Highlights:

Uzbek alphabet reform debates: heritage vs. clarity, impacts across generations.
Linguistic balance: reform benefits and challenges, diverse expert opinions.
Uzbek society's evolving alphabet: cultural identity, international communication, educational implications.

Keywords: uzbek language, alphabet reforms, linguistic clarity, cultural heritage, education
Linguistic Patterns of Contradiction A Transitivity Analysis of The Scarlet Letter
Authors: Abdulameer Ayat Saad , Abdulameer Shaymaa Abid
Published: January 2025

This study employs transitivity theory to explore how Nathaniel Hawthorne uses linguistic structures to highlight themes of contradiction in The Scarlet Letter. By adopting Halliday and Matthiessen's transitivity framework, the analysis identifies the predominant use of relational, material, and mental processes, revealing how these linguistic choices shape readers' interpretations and enhance thematic depth. The findings indicate that relational processes are most dominant, reflecting characters’ societal positions and internal conflicts, while verbal and behavioral processes are less emphasized, suggesting a nuanced approach to depicting contradiction. This linguistic focus offers new insights into Hawthorne’s narrative technique and its thematic implications, contributing to both literary and linguistic fields.
Highlights:

Relational processes dominate, reflecting characters’ societal and internal conflicts.
Verbal and behavioral processes are underutilized, emphasizing a nuanced approach to contradiction.
Applying transitivity theory uncovers new insights into Hawthorne's narrative strategies.

Keywords: The Scarlet Letter,Transitivity, Linguistic Analysis, Contradiction, Hawthorne
Media Misrepresentation Undermines Global Environmental Policy
Authors: Muminovna Teshabayeva Dilfuza , Kizi Abdazova A’lokhon Rivojiddin
Published: January 2025

This study examines how the misuse and oversimplification of environmental terminology by the media impacts public perception and policy formulation. It highlights the gap between scientific realities and public understanding, showing that inaccurate media representations can lead to misinformed opinions and weak policy responses. By analyzing case studies, the research reveals that such media practices result in policy inaction, public skepticism, and polarized discourse. The findings emphasize the need for accurate environmental reporting and improved media literacy to foster informed public discourse and effective policy-making.
Highlights:

Inaccurate media leads to misinformed public and ineffective policies.
Oversimplification causes skepticism and polarized environmental discourse.
Accurate reporting and media literacy bridge science-public understanding gap.

Keywords: Media Misrepresentation, Environmental Terminology, Public Perception, Policy Formulation, Media Literacy
The Dynamics of Speech Acts and Its Generic Structure
Authors: Arbain Arbain
Published: January 2025

General Background: Speech acts play a crucial role in understanding social interaction and human communication in films, providing insight into the pragmatic function of language. Specific Background: While numerous studies have focused on human speech acts, the use of speech acts by robots in narrative contexts remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: There is a lack of research on how AI dialog influences plot development and character dynamics in films. Aims: This study aims to examine the speech changes of Megan, a robot character in the movie "M3GAN," from the orientation to the resolution stages in the narrative structure. Results: Content analysis of the movie's subtitles revealed that Megan uses different speech acts at each stage: orientation (15%), complication (70%), and resolution (15%). The complication phase dominated, reflecting its central role in conflict development and plot advancement. Novelty: This study uniquely applies speech act theory to robot communication, revealing the dynamic use of speech acts by an AI character and their impact on narrative progression. Implications: The findings provide insights into human-robot interaction, emphasizing the importance of understanding robotic communication's social and ethical implications. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of speech acts in technology-mediated contexts and suggests avenues for further exploration of AI characters in diverse media.
Highlights: 

Examines Megan's speech changes through narrative stages.
Highlights complication phase's dominance in AI dialog.
Reveals unique application of speech act theory to robot communication.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PHYSICAL TYPE AND STRESS EFFECTS ON THE POPULATION THAT LEFT THE BURIAL GROUND ON BOLSHOY OLENY ISLAND (BARENTS SEA)
Authors: Боруцкая С.Б. , Васильев С.В.
Published: January 2025

Исследование посткраниального скелета погребённых в Оленеостровском могильнике выявило следующие моменты. Скелеты в целом характеризовались средней степенью массивности, чаще мышечный рельеф верхних конечностей был развит очень хорошо. Рельеф костей ног развит по-разному, но в основном – слабее. Люди Оленеостровского могильника отличались узкоплечестью, широкотазостью относительно роста, укороченными предплечьем и голенью, характеризовались в целом ростом средним и ниже среднего.

The study of the postcranial skeleton in the Oleneostrovsky burial ground revealed the following points. The skeletons were generally characterized by a medium degree of massiveness; more often, the muscular relief of the upper extremities was very well developed. The relief of the leg bones is developed differently, but generally weaker. The people of the Oleneostrovsky burial ground were distinguished by narrow shoulders, broad hips relative to height, short forearm and lower legs, and were generally characterized by average and below average height.
“CORRECTION OF ERRORS”: REVISITING SOME FUNERAL RITE PECULARITIES AND THE ISSUE OF CULTURAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTION OF NEOLITHIC – ENEOLITHIC BURIALS NEAR LAKE SAKHTYSH (CENTRAL RUSSIAN PLAIN, IVANOVO REGION)
Authors: Костылёва Е.Л. , Уткин А.В.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматривается ошибочная интерпретация ряда захоронений льяловской и волосовской культур. Например, погребение № 11 могильника Сахыш IIа раньше было отнесено к льяловской культуре. Однако благодаря AMS-датам оно заняло своё место на шкале бронзового века (фатьяновская культура). Захоронения волосовской культуры с янтарными украшениями, согласно модели Джона Медоуза, применённой к AMS-датам, оказались моложе захоронений с украшениями из камня. Это обстоятельство перевернуло наши представления о хронологии волосовской культуры и поставило вопрос о пересмотре её происхождения и этапов развития.

Discussed in the paper are some erroneous interpretations of a number of burials of Lyalovo and Volosovo cultures. For instance, burial № 11 of the Sakhtysh IIa burial ground used to be attributed to the Lyalovo culture. However, thanks to the AMS-dates, it may be placed within the Bronze Age time scale (Fatyanovo culture). If John Meadows’ model is applied to AMS-dates, then the burials of the Volosovo culture containing amber decorations prove to be younger than burials containing stone decorations. This finding turns our concepts of chronology of the Volosovo culture upside down and raises the question of revising its origins and stages of development.
A NEW FORM OF FUNE RAL RITES IN THE SOKOLOVA PUSTYN’: THE GREAT MIGRATION PERIOD OR THE “DARK AGES”?
Authors: Сыроватко А.С. , Гусева В.П.
Published: January 2025

В статье публикуются материалы исследования двух погребений. Это кремации, захороненные на могильнике Соколова Пустынь 2 второй половины X – начала XI в. н. э. (левый берег р. Оки, возле г. Ступино). Погребение 21 типично для периферии могильника: небольшая порция костей была уложена на древнюю поверхность или в небольшую ямку. Инвентарь отсутствовал. Погребение 20 представляло собой редкий тип кремации в глубокой яме. Артефакты из ямы относятся к слою мощинской культуры (III–V вв. н. э.) и перекрывают погребение. Связь вещевого инвентаря и керамики с костями не выявлена. В обоих погребениях удалось определить видовой состав животных, сожжённых вместе с человеком: в погребении 21 это неродившийся или молочный поросёнок; в погребении 20 – корова.

The article publishes materials from the study of two burials. These are cremations buried at the Sokolova Pustyn’ 2 burial ground in the second half of the X – early XI c. AD (left bank of the Oka River, near the city of Stupino). Burial No. 21 is typical for the periphery of the burial ground: a small portion of bones was placed on an ancient surface or in a small hole. There was no inventory. Burial No. 20 was a rare type of deep pit cremation. Artifacts from the pit belong to the Moshchino culture layer (III–V cc. AD) and cover the burial. The connection of artifacts and ceramics with bones has not been identified. In both burials, it was possible to determine the species composition of the animals burned along with the human: in burial 21 these were unborn or suckling pigs; in burial 20 – a cow.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE FUNCTION OF OCHRE-COAL OBJECTS IN THE ENEOLITHIC PERIOD CULTURAL LEVEL VYOKSA 1 SETTLEMENT
Authors: Недомолкина Н.Г.
Published: January 2025

Комплекс многослойных поселений Вёкса, расположенных в месте слияния реки Вологды и её небольшого притока реки Вёксы (бассейн Сухоны), является опорным пунктом в реконструкции доисторической и историко-культурной ситуации в регионе на протяжении 8 тысячелетий. Исключительное значение этих поселений объясняется хорошо стратифицированной последовательностью археологических слоёв и стерильных прослоек на них общей мощностью до 3 м. В 2003–2004 годах раскопом площадью 36 кв. м исследовался пятый участок поселения. На участке фиксируются культурные слои с материалами девяти различных культурно-хронологических комплексов. При выборке светло-коричневой глины на различной глубине выявлены угольно-охристые объекты. Эта площадка поселения, очевидно, использовалась для приготовления охристого пигмента, который применялся при засыпке погребений. Датируются угольно-охристые объекты периодом энеолита в рамках III тыс. до н. э.

The multilayered settlements Vyoksa located at the confluence of the Vologda River and its small tributary Vyoksa River (Sukhona Basin) are a key point to reconstruction of pre-historical and historical cultural developments over the course of 8 millennia. The exclusive importance of these settlements is explained by their well-stratified sequence of archaeological layers, up to 3 m thick. In 2003–2004, the fifth site of the settlement was investigated by excavation with an area of 36 sq. m. Cultural layers with materials from nine different cultural and chronological complexes are recorded on the site. During the sampling of light brown clay at different depths, coal-ochre objects were revealed. This site of the settlement was obviously used for the preparation of ochre pigment, which was used in the filling of burials. Coal-ochre objects are dated to the Eneolithic period within the III millennium BC.
SOME FEATURES OF THE MANUFACTURE OF A “POROUS” VESSEL FROM THE EARLY NEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT OF ZEKHNOVO IV IN OSTASHKOVSKY DISTRICT OF TVER REGION
Authors: Крылова Т.Б. , Медникова Е.Ю.
Published: January 2025

Зехново IV – один из 5 памятников, расположенных в 2,0–2,5 км к северо-востоку от д. Зехново Осташковского района Тверской области, в 1,5–2,0 км от истока р. Селижаровки. Поселение раскапывалось в 1977 г., вскрытая площадь составила 144 кв. м, коллекция насчитывала более 3,5 тыс. артефактов, из них свыше 1000 экз. – фрагменты керамики. Основной комплекс памятника относится к раннему неолиту. В керамике была выделена группа фрагментов, являющихся, возможно, обломками одного сосуда. При изготовлении сосуда использовались приёмы, характерные для ранненеолитических памятников Валдая и окружающих территорий: формовочная масса из глины с добавлением толчёной ракушки с телом моллюска, без шамота, ленточный налеп с соединением лент по боковому краю, простое заглаживание и лощение наружной поверхности и бороздчатое заглаживание – внутренней, заворачивание края ленты, неравномерный обжиг при температуре не выше 700 °С. Индивидуальной особенностью, не имевшей серьёзного распространения, возможно, своеобразным «экспериментом» мастера, является наличие в месте соединения лент, из которых собирался сосуд, выступов и углублений. Работа выполнена в рамках темы Лаборатории камеральной и цифровой обработки, учёта и хранения археологических коллекций «Систематизация, научное описание и актуализация коллекций Верхневолжской неолитической экспедиции (1950-е–1980-е гг.)» (FMZF-2022-0017).

Zekhnovo IV is one of the 5 sites located 2–2.5 km north-east of the village of Zekhnovo, Ostashkovsky District, Tver Region, 1.5–2 km from the source of the Selizharovka River. The settlement was excavated in 1977, the open area was 144 square meters. The collection of the site consisted of more than 3.5 thousand artifacts. The fragments of ceramics consist of more than 1000 items. The main complex of the site dates back to the early Neolithic. From the ceramic complex, a group of fragments was isolated, which may be fragments of one vessel. The vessel was made in the techniques common of the early Neolithic sites of Valdai and the surrounding territories: a molding mass of clay with the addition of a crushed shell with the body of a mollusk (but without fireclay), ribbon molding with the connection of tapes along the side edge, simple smoothing and glazing of the outer surface and grooved smoothing of the internal surface, wrapping the edge of the tape, uneven firing at a temperature not exceeding 700 °C. The presence of protrusions and depressions at the junction of tapes of the vessel perhaps was a kind of “experiment” of the master, an individual feature, which did not have a serious distribution.
SOBOLEVO 2 SETTLEMENT ON THE UPPER VOLGA
Authors: Исланова И.В.
Published: January 2025

В результате анализа вещевых и керамических материалов выяснено, что поселение Соболево 2, первоначально известное как стоянка Соболево VI, в основном имеет позднедьяковские напластования и отдельные артефакты позднего периода эпохи бронзы. Здесь выявлены остатки постройки с углублённой в материк нижней частью. Судя по набору керамики т. н. мощинского круга, это поселение на современном этапе можно считать реперным для финального этапа позднедьяковских памятников Верхневолжского региона. Схожие материалы типа Соболево 2 известны в верхних, но переотложенных слоях городищ раннего железного века Верхнего Поволжья. Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения темы НИР ИА РАН «Панорама историко-культурных процессов на территории Восточной Европы в римское время и эпоху Великого переселения народов по археологическим данным (I–VII вв. н.э.)» (№ НИОКТР 122011200267-0).

In the result of the analysis of Sobolevo 2 artifacts and ceramic materials it appeared that this settlement (originally known as the Sobolevo VI site) has mainly Late Dyakovo strata and separate artifacts of the Late Bronze Age. The remains of the construction with low part deepened into the mainland have been found here. Judging from the set of ceramics of the so-called Moshchinsky circle, this settlement at the present stage can be considered as a reference for the final stage of the Late Dyakovo monuments of the Upper Volga region. Similar materials of the Sobolevo 2 type have been discovered in the upper (but disturbed) layers of the Early Iron Age hillforts in the Upper Volga region.
YUR’YINO IV – SUPPORTING RELICS OF THE STONE AND THE BRONZE AGES OF THE KOKSHAROVSKY PEAT BOG (MIDDLE TRANSURALS)
Authors: Сериков Ю.Б.
Published: January 2025

В статье публикуются результаты спасательных работ на многослойном поселении Юрьино IV. На памятнике присутствуют комплексы всех археологических периодов от мезолита до раннего Средневековья. Основная масса находок относится к энеолиту и неолиту – около 85 %. Остальные периоды представлены небольшими комплексами, которые составляют от 1,5 до 8,5 % общей коллекции. При анализе каменных изделий использовались статистико-типологический, трасологический и минералогический методы. Энеолит характеризуют первые найденные на восточном склоне Урала достоверные кремнёвые скульптуры. Из числа других неординарных артефактов следует отметить «утюжок», каменные и глиняные гребенчатые штампы, фрагменты керамики с графическими изображениями птиц и животных, а также некоторые категории не известных ранее шлифованных изделий. На поселении широко использовалось местное минеральное сырьё, список которого достигает 25 наименований. Преобладают изделия из халцедона, кремнистого сланца и молочного кварца – около 66 %.

The article publishes the results of rescue works on the multilayered settlement of Yur’yino IV. The site contains complexes of all archaeological epochs from the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages. The bulk of the finds belongs to the Eneolithic and Neolithic – about 85 %. The remaining epochs are represented by small complexes, which make up from 1.5 to 8.5 % of the total collection. Statistical-typological, tracological and mineralogical methods were used in the analysis of stone products. The Eneolithic era is characterized by the first reliable fl int sculptures on the eastern slope of the Urals. Among other extraordinary finds, it should be noted the “ironing”, stone and clay comb stamps, fragments of ceramics with graphic images of birds and animals, as well as some categories of previously unknown polished products. Local mineral raw materials were widely used in the settlement, the list of which reaches 25 items. Products made of chalcedony, siliceous shales and milk quartz predominate – about 66 %.
ARCHAEOASTRONOMICAL RELICS ON THE ISLAND OF KAMENNYE PALATKI
Authors: Викторова В.Д.
Published: January 2025

Изучение памятников древней астрономии на Урале началось в конце XX – начале XXI в., когда в пограничье леса-лесостепи и степи Зауралья были открыты обсерватории энеолита и раннего железного века. В 2008 году в центральной части острова Каменные палатки (в пределах г. Екатеринбурга) обнаружен памятник Сейд. Археологические исследования на нём позволили установить, что астрономические наблюдения в регионе начались значительно раньше. В структуру памятника входят столб-гномон, конструкция высотой 0,8–1,2 м из гранитных камней, уложенных в четыре яруса, и жертвенник у восточного основания конструкции. Микропластины и нуклеусы, найденные в нижних слоях жертвенника и ритуальной площадки, позволяют установить, что самый ранний из ставших известными памятник древней астрономии на Урале был сооружён в мезолите. Через четыре тысячелетия наблюдать за восходом солнца в знаковые дни на нём стало население энеолита и эпохи бронзы. Обряды сопровождались дарами на 6 жертвенниках.

Archaeoastronomical site of Seita is located on Kamennye Palatki Island (Zheleznodorozhniy city district of Ekaterinburg). The monument is located in the central part of the island on the 2 meter high promontory of the northwest spurs belonging to the Eastern ridge. As a result of the research we state that it was an archaeoastronomical object that included all the elements of the ancient observatory. The pillar-gnomon was installed on the site to determine the ancient azimuths. The main element is a structure of granite boulders and slabs laid in four tiers to a height of 1.2 m. It was the place for constant observation of the sunrise from its point on the day of the summer solstice on the ark to the vernal equinox and up to the point of sunrise on the day of the winter solstice. Natural viziers, mountain tops, were used to determine the constant azimuths. And a pillar was installed to clarify the direction to the point of sunrise on the day of the winter solstice. Analysis of the objects and artefacts from the lower layer of the monument, such as the traces of grey core and microlithic inventory from the Altar 1 and the site, allowed us to establish that the construction of the structure and the initial rites dedicated to the sunrise were carried out by the population of the Mesolithic era. The second layer contained objects and artefacts of the Eneolithic era – traces of grey core at Altars 1–4, stone tools and ceramics of the population which mastered the Observatory 4 millennia later. The objects and artefacts of the third, upper, layer are associated with the rites of the Bronze Age population, whose sacrifices left the bones of elk and horse in the calcined sandy loam.
Opportunities, Challenges, and Coping Mechanisms of Small Enterprise Bakery Operations
Authors: Peña Diana Mae
Published: January 2025

This study focused on the opportunities, challenges, and coping mechanisms of 61 bakery operators who are Bacolod Baker's Association (BBA) members. It employed a descriptive design with frequency distribution to measure certain variables. The results revealed that access to cheap raw materials and new technology are opportunities that the participants can maximize. The rising population has also increased the demand for bakery products. However, the participants claimed that raw materials and supplies are prone to cost fluctuations, causing uncertainties for the bakery operators. Access to technology is both a challenge and an opportunity since not all can afford it. Manpower is also a major issue as not many are skilled. To address these problems, participants turned to borrowing funds, preventive maintenance for equipment, and manpower pooling for labor insufficiencies. Despite the many challenges, participants hope they will expand in the future. Major recommendations include attending skills training seminars, preventive maintenance for high-value technology, membership in bakery associations, weighing benefits and costs before borrowing funds, lean production, and creating company policies with specific sanctions for violations.

Keywords: opportunities, challenges, coping mechanisms, prospects, small-enterprise, bakery operators
The Meaning Behind: A Linguistic Landscape Analysis of a Public High School in Bacolod City
Authors: Dura Dana Patricia
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses some issues related to improving the study of the linguistic landscape in a public high school in Bacolod City. Linguistic landscape research has emerged as an approach to analyze public signs and images and their role in understanding the community. From a wider perspective, studying the linguistic landscape of a community has an impact because it influences the multilingualism aspect tied to one’s culture and language development. This qualitative research paper draws from the language ideologies presented by Pavlenko, Shohamy, Gorter, Weber, and Horner. This paper used photographs from the different areas of the school as linguistic landscape data. It then proceeded to examine the meaning behind these photographs. The signs indicate various characteristics and meanings regarding the language ideology, materials used, communicative function, and language prominence. It incorporates top-down and bottom-up signage, which shows the varying degrees of how the language was used. The signage found in various areas of the school also identifies whether the school is masculine or feminine. The majority of the signage indicates the masculinity of the school. Multilingualism is visible on the school grounds. Most of the signage was written in English, some were translated into Hiligaynon, and very few were written in Filipino. The study of these public signs provides opportunities to improve the linguistic landscape of the school by using multilingualism in the signage. The results help in analyzing the school's possible teaching and learning experiences, which aid learners’ language acquisition.

Keywords: language, linguistic landscape, language practices,
language ideologies, qualitative research
The Carousel Design as a Virtual Education Mode of Delivery: An Action Research Implemented in the College of Arts and Sciences
Authors: Capay Abigaile Rose Mary
Published: January 2025

An innovation to shift to modular online learning and employ carousel delivery was explored by the College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) to ease the transition to flexible remote learning. This action research aimed to: a. improve educational practices and student experiences through the implementation of carousel delivery by exploring students' experiences, the primary intervention focus of this study; b. compare significant differences between the learning experiences of students in majority carousel and mixed carousel conditions; c. monitor, document, and evaluate the current learning innovation; and d. note experiences of other educational institutions in implementing this learning format. Participants involved 253 CAS students from various programs, of which 145 belonged to the majority carousel (Psychology and Communication), while 108 belonged to the mixed carousel group (Biology, Political Science, Interdisciplinary Studies). A survey was disseminated to the students through online forms during the first and second semesters of the academic year 2020-21. Findings showed that there were no significant differences between the majority and mixed carousel groups in the areas of objectives, retention, comprehension, student-teacher interaction, and length of lesson, but a significant difference was found in academic workload (t (251) = 3.31, p=0.001) with students assigned to majority carousel benefitting more from the innovation. During carousel implementation, there was a shift from a three-cycle (six-week) to a two-cycle (nine-week) carousel format. Findings from the thematic analysis outlined the following benefits: better focus and more time, a more manageable workload, less stressed and more satisfied students, practical and economical, and having commendable professors. In CAS CAROUSEL STUDY contrast, recommendations identified were to give fewer requirements and more reasonable deadlines, more lectures and interactive discussions, and utilize alternative modes of communication. Thematic analysis from the key informants reported that the benefits of carousel delivery outweighed its challenges.

Keywords: carousel delivery, modular learning, flexible teaching and
learning, action research
Laser Welding of Aluminum to Copper: Properties of The Welded Joints and Optimization of Parameters
Authors: Şahin Fatih , Taban Emel
Published: January 2025

Laser welding is a procedure wherein materials are fused together using a beam of high-energy intensity generated through the concentration of light waves. Laser welding has gained significant prominence in the industrial manufacturing sector in recent years due to its various advantages. These advantages include high welding speed, low heat input, narrow weld seams, rapid cooling resulting in minimal heat-affected zones, suitability for automation, successful joining of different materials, and the ability to weld materials of varying thicknesses. In this study, the Taguchi Method was employed to determine the optimal parameters with minimal experimental effort. Mechanical properties, particularly tensile strength, were analyzed using the Minitab software based on the welded joints produced. Detailed examinations were conducted based on predetermined variables for the welding process.
Effect of intensive milling on the structural characteristics of shale ore
Authors: Uysal Turan , Sis Hikmet , Erdemoğlu Murat
Published: January 2025

This investigation examined the effect of intensive milling on the structural properties of shale ore with high Rare Earth Element (REE) content, which is unsuitable for aluminum production due to high silica and/or low aluminum. In this context, bauxite-related shale ore from the Karaman province in Türkiye was subjected to intensive milling under various conditions. Representative samples were collected from the deposit were first subjected to coarse crushing and milling processes, and then were excessively milled in a planetary ball mill under different conditions to ensure their mechanical activation. Changes occurred during milling were examined by XRD, TGA, BET and SEM analysis. The characterization results of intensively milled and unmilled samples showed that the intensive-milled samples were mechanically activated. As a result, the usability of mechanically activated shale for the recovery of Al and REEs from shale ore was evaluated.