bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soledad y Phubbing en universitarios peruanos: El rol mediador del Fear of Missing Out
Authors: Correa Rojas Jossue David , Grimaldo Mirian , Janer-Hidalgo Angela
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El objetivo principal de la presente investigación fue determinar el efecto de la soledad sobre el Phubbing, cuando el Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) media esta relación. Método: El diseño es explicativo de variables latentes, se han aplicado tres escalas (Escala de Soledad, Escala de Fear of Missing Out, y Escala de Phubbing) a una muestra de 405 universitarios procedentes de dos universidades privadas de Lima Metropolitana. Resultados: Se encontró que existe un efecto indirecto, estadísticamente significativo, de la soledad sobre el Phubbing, a través del FoMO. Asimismo, el efecto total del modelo resultó estadísticamente significativo. También, que la variable independiente (la soledad) explica significativamente el FoMO y la variable mediadora (el FoMO) predice el Phubbing. Conclusiones: La soledad tiene un efecto indirecto sobre el Phubbing a través del FoMO, esto implica que la soledad directamente no predice el Phubbing, pero cuando la persona experimenta miedo a sentirse excluido, esto si resulta relevante para determinar el Phubbing.
UM BREVE ESTUDO SOBRE A ESPACIALIZAÇÃO DA HEPATITE A NO ESTADO DO ACRE
Authors: Alencar G. Oliveira Yslla Brenda , Sampaio de Farias Cleilton
Published: October 2024

Este estudo investiga casos confirmados de Hepatite A no estado do Acre entre 2014 e 2023. O objetivo é entender como a qualidade da água está ligada à doença. A falta de saneamento básico é vista como um importante fator que pode contribuir para a disseminação da Hepatite A, uma doença transmitida pela água e alimentos contaminados. O estudo analisa onde essas infecções acontecem dentro dos municípios do estado através da espacialização dessas doenças. A metodologia adotada na pesquisa é de caráter misto, onde a primeira parte do texto traz uma breve revisão bibliográfica acerca da geografia da saúde, da água e a espacialização das doenças de transmissão hídrica e alimentar e na segunda parte foi realizado pesquisa exploratória culminando em uma pesquisa explicativa. Os resultados indicaram a afirmação da hipótese inicial de que a maior causa da propagação da Hepatite A no estado se deu em decorrência do consumo de água ou alimentos contaminados com o vírus transmissor da Hepatite A.
SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL E USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO IGARAPÉ DO BINDÁ, MANAUS – AM
Authors: Fuziel Camila , De Sousa Alves Neliane , Wachholz Flavio , do Nascimento dos Santos Wallison , Silva Cláudio
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa foi realizada na Bacia Hidrográfica do Igarapé do Bindá, em Manaus-AM, abrangendo os bairros Cidade Nova, Mundo Novo, Flores, Parque Dez de Novembro e Chapada, e desaguando no igarapé dos Franceses, afluente da Bacia do São Raimundo. Para identificar os padrões de uso e ocupação do solo, foi aplicada uma classificação supervisionada de imagens de satélite, que também possibilitou a detecção de alterações estruturais no igarapé. Adicionalmente, foram realizados sobrevoos com drone ao longo do canal principal, resultando em imagens aéreas que complementaram ao mapeamento. Observou-se uma heterogeneidade nas ocupações e nos métodos construtivos ao longo do canal, refletindo desigualdades socioeconômicas que evidenciam a fragilidade das políticas públicas de ordenamento territorial. O Igarapé do Bindá, assim como outros cursos d'água em Manaus, sofre diversas modificações antrópicas, especialmente devido a intervenções de macrodrenagem, como a construção de muros de gabião e a instalação de galerias, que visam controlar o fluxo hídrico e mitigar enchentes. Os resultados indicam que o uso irregular das margens e a falta de ordenamento do solo urbano são fatores significativos na degradação ambiental da bacia. A degradação da Bacia Hidrográfica do Igarapé do Bindá pode ser atribuída ao uso inadequado do solo e à expansão urbana desordenada, resultando em um cenário crítico. Nesse contexto, é essencial estabelecer articulações entre diferentes esferas do poder público para reverter a degradação das bacias urbanas, promover a sustentabilidade dos recursos naturais e melhorar as condições de vida das populações vulneráveis
Region specific drivers of cerebrospinal fluid mobility as measured by high-resolution non-invasive MRI in humans
Authors: Hirschler Lydiane , Runderkamp Bobby A. , Decker Andreas , Harten Thijs W. van , Scheyhing Paul , Ehses Philipp , Petitclerc Léonie , Nordsiek Julia , Pracht Eberhard , Coolen Bram F. , Zwaag Wietske van der , Stöcker Tony , Vollmuth Philipp , Paech Daniel , Effland Alexander , Walderveen Marianne A.A. van , Radbruch Alexander , Buchem Mark A. van , Petzold Gabor C. , Veluw Susanne J. van , Caan Matthan W.A. , Deike* Katerina , Osch* Matthias J.P. van
Published: October 2024

Highlights

CSF-mobility can be measured in humans down to the level of
perivascular spaces surrounding penetrating vessels using
CSF-STREAM
In perivascular spaces surrounding penetrating vessels, the
cardiac and respiratory cycles have similar effects on
CSF-mobility
Entraining vasomotion at 0.1 Hz can drive CSF-mobility in
humans
CSF-mobility is altered in patients with cerebral amyloid
angiopathy

Abstract
Many neurological diseases are characterized by the accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain. This accumulation has been associated with improper clearance from the parenchyma. Recent discoveries highlighted perivascular spaces, which are cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled spaces, as the channels of brain clearance. The forces driving CSF-mobility within perivascular spaces are still debated. Here, we present a new, non-invasive, CSF-specific magnetic resonance imaging technique (CSF-STREAM), that enables detailed in vivo measurement of CSF-mobility in humans, for the first time down to the level of perivascular spaces located around penetrating vessels, i.e. close to protein production sites. We find region-specific drivers for CSF-mobility and demonstrate that CSF-mobility can be increased by entraining vasomotion. Furthermore, we found region-specific CSF-mobility alterations in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a brain disorder associated with clearance impairment. The availability of this new technique opens up avenues to investigate the impact of CSF-mediated clearance in neurodegeneration and sleep.
Volatile Oil Composition, Phytochemical Screening and Insecticidal Activities of Indigofera tinctoria Against African Pink Worm Borer
Authors: Olaoluwa OLAOLUWA O. , ALABI Olajumoke Y , Isiaka MOHAMMED , AYODELE A. Maria , Guido FLAMINI , TAIWO Olayombo M.
Published: October 2024

The following study presents the constituents of the volatile oils found in the leaves and seeds of Indigofera tinctoria, as well as the secondary metabolites of its leaves crude fractions. The insecticidal activities of these fractions against Sesamia calamistis were also evaluated. The volatile oils from the leaf and seed of Indigofera tinctoria were extracted using the hydro-distillation method, utilizing an all-glass Clevenger apparatus. The extracted oils were then characterized using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol fractions of I. tinctoria were also investigated for secondary metabolites using standard qualitative phytochemical analysis methods. The insecticidal activities of these fractions against Sesamia calamistis were evaluated using a contact toxicity test procedure. The results of the study showed that Phytol (34.1%) and 1-octen-3-ol (63.8%) were the major constituents of the leaf and seed oil of I. tinctoria, respectively. Saponins were present in the hexane and ethanol fractions, while terpenoids and tannins were present in the ethyl acetate and ethanol fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest percentage of S. calamistis larvae mortality of 70.0% at a 0.4% concentration compared to the n-hexane and ethanol fractions. Therefore, the ethyl acetate fraction of I. tinctoria leaf at a 0.4% concentration with the highest percentage of larvae mortality could be used to manage Sesamia calamistis on maize.
Visual Performance and Patient Satisfaction with Multifocal, Monofocal and Monofocal-Plus Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Ben-Eli Hadas , Wunch Inbar , Maroko Riki , Winnett Tamar , Berrih-Elkouby Deborah , Marcovitch Arie
Published: October 2024

Objective
To evaluate the visual performance and patient satisfaction of three intraocular lenses (IOLs): the newly-designed monofocal-plus Tecnis Eyhance, multifocal Tecnis Synergy, and monofocal Sensar (Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision©, Inc. Santa Ana, CA, USA).
Methods
This prospective, comparative, interventional study enrolled patients undergoing cataract surgery with implantation of Eyhance, Sensar, or Synergy IOLs. Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed at distance (6m), intermediate (70 cm), and near (40 cm) in LogMAR units. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured using the Pelli-Robson chart at distance and near vision. Subjective visual comfort was evaluated through a validated questionnaire.
Results
The study included 52 participants (52% females; 84 eyes): 40 eyes with Eyhance, 26 with Synergy, and 18 with Sensar. Ages ranged from 48 to 82 years (mean age 70.2 ± 7.59 years), with 59% female participants. There was no significant difference in distance UCVA among the IOL types (P > 0.8). Synergy showed superior intermediate and near UCVA compared to Eyhance and Sensar (P < 0.01). Eyhance and Sensar demonstrated better distance CS than Synergy (P ≤ 0.05) and better near CS (P < 0.05). Questionnaire responses showed no significant difference in overall visual comfort, but higher satisfaction with intermediate vision was reported for Synergy.
Conclusions
The Synergy lens is recommended for patients prioritizing intermediate and near vision. Eyhance did not show an objective advantage over Sensar for intermediate vision and contrast sensitivity (CS) but had a subjective advantage. Despite reduced CS, Synergy provided excellent distance UCVA, similar to Eyhance and Sensar.
Comparative volatiles profiling in Marjoram products essential oil as extracted using classical and headspace techniques and in relation to antioxidant and antibacterial effects
Authors: Baky Mostafa , Abouelela Mostafa , Shawky Enas , Farag Mohamed , Elgendy Omayma
Published: October 2024

Recently, the growth of consumer demand for natural herbal products with both safety and efficacy has led to great advances in analytical tools to assess and assure their quality. Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), also known as "sweet marjoram" or “sweet oregano” is a Mediterranean herbaceous perennial herb cultivated in Egypt. The main goal of this study was to assess volatiles’ variation in marjoram samples collected from two different commercial products using two different extraction techniques viz. HS-SPME and petroleum ether coupled with GC-MS analysis. A total of 20 major aroma compounds were identified in samples extracted with HS-SPME with abundance of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds. The major volatiles included β-phellandrene (20.1 and 14.2%), γ-terpinene (13.4 and 11.7%), 2-bornene (12.3 and 11.5%), p-cymene (9.8% and 4.6%) terpenen-4-ol (16.4% and 7.5%), sabinene hydrate (16.02% and 8.8%) and terpineol (4.2 and 3.2%) in MR and MI, respectively. Compared with HS-SPME, 51 aroma compounds were identified in marjoram samples extracted with pet. ether, more enriched in aliphatic hydrocarbons (42.8 and 73.8%) in MR and MI, respectively. While higher identification score was observed in case of solvent extraction, SPME appeared to be more selective in recovery of oxygenated terpenes to more account for marjoram aroma. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in marjoram samples were at (111.9, 109.1 µg GA/mg) and (18.3, 19.5 µg rutin eq/mg) in MR and MI, respectively. Stronger antioxidant effects were observed in MR and MI samples with IC50 at 45.5 and 56.8 µg/mL respectively compared to IC50 6.57 µg/mL for trolox as assayed using DPPH assay. Moderate anti-bacterial effect was observed in MR and MI samples and expressed as zone of inhibition mostly against Bacillus subtilis (16.03 & 15.9 mm), B. cereus (12.9 & 13.7mm), Enterococcus faecalis (14.03 & 13.97 mm), and Enterobacter cloacae (11.60 & 11.56 mm) respectively.
Dissociated response and treatment outcome with immune checkpoint blockade in advanced cancer
Authors: Guan Yaping , Cui Yu , Gong Yanhong , Liang Xiuju , Han Xinyue , Chen Yingcui , Xie Hong , Zhang Yuekai , Wang baocheng , Ye xin , Wang Jun
Published: October 2024

Immune-related dissociated response (DR) has been recently recognized and have become a subject of ongoing interest. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the frequency, treatment outcome, and predictors of DR in cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We retrospectively collected clinicopathological data from a cohort of patients with cancer who received PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-based monotherapy or combination therapy at a single institution (developing cohort). An independent cohort of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immunotherapy at two institutions was used as the validating cohort. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used as outcome measures. The pantumor cohort included 177 patients. DR were observed in 12 (6.8%) patients. The median PFS and OS were significantly longer in patients with atypical response versus nonresponse but shorter versus true response. Patients with DR had a longer median PFS and OS than those with true PD. Local treatment seemed to have a positive influence on DR patient outcomes, with a median OS of 32.3 months versus 21.9 months for no local treatment. No clinical characteristics remained significant predictors for DR. In the NSCLC cohort, DR was observed in 10 (12.5%) patients. Inferior PFS and OS were validated in patients with real PD when compared with patients with DR. Patients who experience DR exhibit a relatively favorable prognosis. Some patients with DR may benefit from thecontinuation of ICI administration and local treatment to the growing lesions and achieve a longer survival.
Effects of Perinatal Variables on Echocardiographic Assessments of Left Ventricular Dimensions in Infants Born Large for Gestational Age: A Prospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Amarah Ahmed , Elmakaty Ibrahim , Nadroo Iram , Chhabra Manoj , Hoang Danthanh , Suk Debbie , Nadroo Ali M , Ron Nitin , Dygulska Beata , Gudavalli Madhu B , Narula Pramod , Gad Ashraf
Published: October 2024

Background
To assess the relationship between perinatal factors, and echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) dimensions after delivery in infants who are large for gestational age (LGA).
Methods
This is a prospective cohort study that was conducted between 2014 and 2018, and involved healthy LGA newborns born > 35 weeks’ gestation, delivered at New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, and a control group of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Data analysis was performed using multivariate linear regression in STATA.
Results
A total of 563 neonates were enrolled in this study. They were composed of 414 AGA infants as the control group and 149 LGA infants as the intervention group. The male sex was predominant in both groups. A larger proportion of neonates were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in LGA infants (74.6%) as compared to the AGA infants (33.5%) (p < 0.001). In the study's regression analysis, birth weight (BW) emerged as a key factor, positively correlating with increased LV mass, interventricular septum thickness, and LV posterior wall thickness across both LGA and AGA. Additionally, BW showed a positive correlation with left ventricular internal dimensions in diastole and systole. Higher maternal BMI was associated with an increase in fractional shortening in LGA infants, while maternal insulin use during pregnancy was positively associated with interventricular septum thickness. Notably, male infants exhibited significantly higher LV internal dimensions in both diastole and systole, while GA negatively impacted the left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio.
Conclusions
The study's findings underscore the significant influence of perinatal factors on neonatal cardiac morphology, in both LGA and AGA infants. BW, GA, gender, maternal BMI, and maternal insulin use during pregnancy were key determinants affecting various aspects of LV structure, including mass, wall thickness, and internal dimensions. These insights highlight the importance of considering these perinatal factors in the assessment and monitoring of neonatal cardiac health, offering valuable guidance for tailored clinical approaches in pediatric cardiology.
What is the state of play in adulthood?
Authors: Colston Rosemary , Millear Prudence , Katsikitis Mary , Keech Jacob
Published: October 2024

This qualitative study explored the experiences of self-identified adult players to gain insights into the state of play in adulthood. Interviews were conducted with 26 participants representing different styles of play behaviour. Thematic analysis using Nvivo 12 Plus software revealed that adults play differently from children and have a broader definition of play behaviour. Play was found to be rewarding and provided relief from adult responsibilities. The most skilled players integrated play into their work-life seamlessly. The analysis also identified a typology of 8 player types, influenced by parental attitudes and behaviours during childhood. Participants emphasised the importance of play for promoting wellbeing, although there was a degree of play illiteracy evidenced. Further research is needed to investigate if the benefits of play can be extended to the general population through facilitated engagement with remedial play and the development of an adult play discourse.
Characterization of a periodontal-inflammatory microRNA profile during long-term multibracket orthodontic treatment in adolescents - a split-mouth design study
Authors: Rolfes Florian , Heck Johannes , Riedel Isabelle , Bär Christian , Schmitz Boris
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to identify functional microRNAs (miRNAs) and their respective targets as central regulatory factors of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.
Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of 24 adolescent patients (< 18 years) treated with a full-mouth multibracket appliance (MBA; Thermal Copper Nickel Titanium archwire) was analyzed for miRNAs-21, -29b, -34a, -126, -132, -146a, and -221 in a split-mouth study design. GCF samples were taken from either jaw (second maxillary, mandibular premolar) using non-invasive sampling before, 7 days, 5 weeks, and 3 months after application of orthodontic force (8 samples per patient). Validated miRNA targets and regulated pathways were identified using the miRTarBase database (release 9.0) and Reactome (version 87).
All analyzed miRNAs were consistently detected in the GCF (Ct value < 35) and a moderate to high correlation was found between samples taken from the mandible and maxilla before treatment (r = 0.42 to 0.71, all p ≤ 0.041). All miRNAs showed changes in their expression levels with orthodontic tooth movement compared to baseline (significant time effect, all p < 0.001). The general profile indicated an increase in miRNA expression in both jaws with time with the exeption of miR-21, which showed reduced levels one week after MBA application (p = 0.046). For miR-34, a significant interaction effect was observed (time × jaw, p = 0.0396) in that lower levels were found after five weeks and three months of treatment in the mandible compared to the maxilla. The medium to late treatment phase was characterized by an increase in miR-146 and miR-221. Gene signaling pathway analysis suggested regulation of cellular response to stress including hypoxia, matrix reorganization and vascular remodeling.
Since the identified miRNA profile was linked to targets involved in the remodeling process of the alveolar supporting apparatus and alveolar bone, GCF-derived miRNAs may represent diagnostic biomarkers to monitor cellular processes during orthodontic tooth movement and potentially optimize individual treatment outcomes.
Long-term outcomes of a bioactive matrix enriched with an autologous platelet concentrate for the treatment of complex anal fistulae
Authors: Maya Irene , Spada Eliana , Martí-Gallostra Marc , Tudela Arturo Cirera , Pellino Gianluca , Espín-Basany Eloy
Published: October 2024

Background
Treating complex anal fistulae (CAF) remains a clinical challenge. Regenerative Fistula Treatment (RFT) with a bioactive matrix enriched with autologous platelet concentrate (Obsidian RFT™) has shown potential in healing of CAF while preserving continence, but its long-term efficacy is still debated. This study aimed to report the outcomes of RFT in patients with CAF.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of a prospective database of patients with CAF treated with RFT between February 2021 and November 2023 at a single centre was conducted. Patients were included if they completed at least a 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was fistula healing at last available follow-up. Secondary outcomes included unscheduled reoperation and anorectal function.
Results
Thirty-one patients were treated with Obsidian RFT, 17 of whom completed the 6-month-follow-up. Nine of the patients were women. The median age was 47 (24–63) years, and eight had inflammatory bowel disease. High trans-sphincteric fistulae were observed in 52.9% of patients. At a median follow-up of 21.8 (8–36) months, a 53% success rate was achieved. Approximately half of patients required at least one additional procedure due to CAF persistence or recurrence. There were no reports of morbidity and mortality, and no worsening of continence was observed.
Conclusions
This pilot study demonstrated that nearly half of the patients treated with RFT for CAF achieved long-term healing, with no adverse effects on continence and an excellent safety profile. Larger studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
Association Between Platelet to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Risk of Diabetes and Prediabetes: Recent Findings from NHANES 2005– 2018
Authors: Chen Pengfei , Zhu Meilin , Shi Dazhuo , Du Jianpeng
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To explore the relationship between the platelet-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) and the risk of diabetes and prediabetes.
Methods:This study analyzes data from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes, as well as levels of HDL-C and platelet counts, were derived from cross-sectional surveys. The PHR was calculated by dividing platelet count by HDL-C concentration, and diabetes or prediabetes were classified according to established clinical criteria. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. The logistic regression models were classified into categorical and continuous models. The potential non-linear relationship was assessed using restricted cubic splines (RCSs) and two-piecewise linear regression to identify any inflection points. Additionally, subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted to determine variations across different population groups.
Result:A total of 20,229 eligible participants were included in the study, with a mean age of 47.84 years, and 51.80% of them were female. Among these participants, 3,884 (14.29%) were diagnosed with diabetes, and 8,863 (44.36%) were prediabetes. The result showed a positive association between PHR and the risk of diabetes and prediabetes. After adjusting for model 3, the OR for diabetes and prediabetes was associated with a per unit increase in PHR of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00–1.29, P<0.05). The OR for participants in the highest PHR quartile was 2.46 (95% CI: 1.34–4.51, P<0.01) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Two-piecewise regression analysis identified a breakpoint at PHR = 4.55, with a positive association observed when PHR was below this value (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01–1.73, P<0.05). Subgroup and interaction analyses demonstrated that the positive association remained consistent across various demographic groups.
Conclusions: Our study indicates that a higher PHR may be associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes and prediabetes. Therefore, PHR could potentially be used as a marker for assessing the likelihood of these conditions.
Non-transecting anastomotic augmented uretroplasty with dorsal onlay buccal graft for the treatment of bulbous urethral strictures: Results and complications
Authors: Baudry Alexandre , Schirmann Aurélie , Guillot-Tantay Cyrille , Lebret Thierry , Neuville Paul , Boillot Bernard , Madec François-Xavier
Published: October 2024

Introduction : Urethroplasty is the gold standard for the management of urethral strictures. For obliterative bulbar strictures longer than 2 cm, excision primary anastomosis (EPA) cannot be optimally performed, and staged urethroplasty is recommended. To minimize multiple interventions, Augmented Anastomotic Urethroplasty (AAU) was developed. Incorporating the vessel-sparing approach without the transection of the spongiosum would improve the results of urethroplasty and limit complications. Our study aimed to assess the outcomes of non-transecting Anastomotic Augmented Urethroplasty with a buccal graft (ntAAU). Method : From 2019 to 2023, 42 patients underwent ntAAU. Anatomical success was defined as the ability to pass a cystoscope (16,5 Fr) and functional success was determined by a maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) greater than 15 ml/s. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using patient reported outcome concerning urinary function (USP dysuria, VPPS, six items LUTS, questions 7, 9, 10 from USS-PROM) and erectile function (IIEF-5, EHS). Results : Anatomical success rate was 90.5% and functional success was 83.3% with a median (IQR) follow-up of 18 (12.5–28.5) months. The complication (urinary infection, suprapubic catheter obliteration, abscess, bleeding) rate was 14.2%. Questionnaires were avaiblable for 31 patients. Median (IQR) USP dysuria score was 0 (0–1), VPPS score was 7 (3–12), and six-item LUTS score was 4 (2–9). The median (IQR) IIEF-5 score was 22 (15.5–25) and EHS score was 3.5 (2–4). Patients with treatment failure were managed with redo-urethroplasties. Conclusion : This technique shows good outcomes and appears to be a valuable option for managing long strictures with an obliterative part.
Effectiveness and Durability of Training Program Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization on Strength, Endurance, and Flexibility of Adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Babagoltabar-Samakoush Hamed , Aminikhah Behnoosh , Bahiraei Saeid
Published: October 2024

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) often exhibit lower levels of physical fitness compared to the general population, including reduced strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination. Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) training has been proposed as a potential intervention to improve physical fitness in this population, but the effectiveness and durability of DNS training on specific fitness components have not been well-established. This study employed a randomized controlled trial design to investigate the effects of an 8-week DNS training program on the strength, endurance, and flexibility of adults with ID. A total of 31 participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n=16) or a control group (n=15). Muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility were assessed at baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test), and 2 months following the intervention (follow-up) using the 30-second chair stand (30sCS) test, sit-ups test, trunk lift test, and chair sit-and-reach test. Participants in the intervention group engaged in the DNS training program for 8 weeks, with 3 sessions per week, while the control group maintained their usual activities. The analysis of the outcome measures revealed significant time, group, and time-group interaction effects. Post-hoc analyses indicated that the DNS group exhibited significantly greater improvements in 30sCS, sit-ups, trunk lift, and chair sit-and-reach compared to the control group (p<0.01). These improvements were maintained at the 2-month follow-up assessment in the DNS group. This randomized controlled trial demonstrates that an 8-week DNS training program significantly improves muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility in adults with ID, with benefits maintained at a 2 month follow-up. Further research is needed to replicate these findings and investigate underlying mechanisms, but the study highlights the potential of DNS training to promote physical fitness and well-being in individuals with ID.
The 11-month precursory fault activation of the 2019 Mw 5.0 earthquake in the Weiyuan shale gas field, China
Authors: Yang Hongfeng , Zi Jinping , Yang Yuyun , Su Jinrong
Published: October 2024

Anthropogenic activities such as hydraulic fracturing (HF) can trigger destructive earthquakes, the triggering mechanisms of which are still largely in debate. We utilize near-fault seismic recordings to study the preparatory phase of the 2019 Mw 5.0 earthquake in the Weiyuan shale gas field, Sichuan Basin, China, which struck 3 months after stimulation completion. This is one of the largest HF-triggered earthquakes worldwide. We observe an 11-month long precursory fault activation, during which continuous seismicity illuminated the fault plane and provided warnings for a potential destructive earthquake. The fault activation is a consequence of injections in multiple HF well pads, with a variety of mechanisms at play. Numerical simulation reveals that the occurrence of the mainshock involves stress perturbation from post-injection aseismic slip. This work promotes our understanding of HF-induced earthquakes and suggests incorporating long-term near-fault observations and taking post-injection aseismic slip into account for effective hazard management.
Nonlinear Enhancement of Measurement Precision via a Hybrid Quantum Switch
Authors: Li Chuan-Feng , Chen Lei , Yang Yu-Xiang , Li Gong-Chu , hong Xu-Song , Zhang Si-Qi , Xu Hua-Qing , Liu Yuan-Cheng , Chiribella Giulio , Chen Geng , Guo Guangcan
Published: October 2024

Quantum metrology promises measurement precision beyond the classical limit by using suitably tailored quantum states and detection strategies. However, scaling up this advantage is experimentally challenging, due to the difficulty of generating high-quality large-scale probes. Here, we build a photonic setup that achieves enhanced precision scaling by manipulating the probe’s dynamics through operations performed in a coherently controlled order. Our setup applies an unknown rotation and a known orbital angular momentum increase in a coherently controlled order, in a way that reproduces a hybrid quantum SWITCH involving gates generated by both discrete and continuous variables. The unknown rotation angle θ is measured with precision scaling as 1/4ml when a photon undergoes a rotation of 2mθ and an angular momentum shift of 2lℏ. With a practical enhancement factor as high as 2317, the ultimate precision in our experiment is 0.0105′′ when using 7.16 × 107 photons, corresponding to a normalized precision of ≈ 10−4rad per photon. No photon interaction occurs in our experiment, and the precision enhancement consumes only a linearly increasing amount of physical resources while achieving a nonlinear scaling of the precision.
Ultrasound-guided closed reduction of pediatric distal radial physeal fractures
Authors: Wu Xing , Meng Xijun , Wang Si , Shen Xiantao
Published: October 2024

Background: Distal radial physeal fractures are the most common type of physeal fracture. However, few studies have been dedicated to the role of ultrasound-guided closed reduction in these fractures. This study aimed to investigate the utility of ultrasound-guided closed reduction in paediatric distal radial physeal fractures.
Methods:Consecutive patients undergoing ultrasound-guided closed reduction of fractures in our department between November 2017 and October 2019 were included. The adequacy of realignment according to the ultrasound and radiography was recorded.
Results:A total of 51 patients were included in the study. Closed reduction was successfully achieved in all cases who underwent ultrasound-guided cases. The sensitivity for confirming successful anatomical manipulation with ultrasound was 95.3% (95% CI: 82.9～99.2%), while the specificity was 87.5% (95% CI: 46.7～99.3%). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 97.6% (95% CI: 85.9～99.9 %), and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 77.8% (95% CI: 40.2～96.1 %). The corresponding positive and negative likelihood ratios were 7.63 (95% CI: 1.22～47.77) and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.01～0.21). There was a high level of agreement between ultrasound and radiographs assessments of anatomical reduction [κ: 0.788 (±0.117)]. Redisplacement occurred in threecases (5.9%) based on radiographic assessment with one case being a Salter-Harris type I injury and two cases being a Salter-Harris type II injury. At the final follow-up, all fractures had healed, resulting in excellent cosmesis without any other complications.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that ultrasound-guided closed reduction can be considered an excellent alternative method for the treatment of distal radial physeal fractures.
What is Coconut Water?: commodification, globalization and place
Authors: Steckley Marylynn
Published: October 2024

The globalization of coconut water in the past two decades has made it a multi-billion-dollar industry. Since the early 2000s, the beverage has gone from one consumed mostly in producer countries to one processed and shipped all over the world. In this paper, I explore the commodification and globalization of coconut water, illustrating how the material qualities of coconut — the species and maturity— influence its nutrition and taste in ways that conflict with discourses of coconut water as a natural health beverage, and the labour and productive conditions that shape and are shaped by its globalization. I draw from field research conducted in Thailand to ultimately illustrate that processes of commodification are in flux, and the case of coconut water illustrates that the relationship between global stories about coconut water and the ecological and labour conditions that underlie production are not only dialectical but still being negotiated. Ethics Statement: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were approved by and are in accordance with the ethical standards of the Carleton University Research Ethics Board-A (CUREB-A). CUREB-A is constituted and operates in compliance with the Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS2). Informed Consent and Consent to Publish: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study, including consent to publish the photos included in this article.
Data Availability Statement:
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma harboring a t(8;14)(q24;q11.2)/TCR::MYC translocation that presented with intestinal infiltration
Authors: Ichikawa Satoshi , Kato Hiroki , Morota Naoya , Abe Hiroaki , Kawajiri Akihisa , Inokura Kyoko , Onodera Koichi , Onishi Yasushi , Fukuhara Noriko , Sato Satoko , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Ichinohasama Ryo , Harigae Hideo
Published: October 2024

Although rearrangement of the MYC oncogene (MYC-R) is frequently observed in aggressive B-cell lymphomas, it is extremely rare in T-cell malignancies. A 64-year-old man who had been under observation for several years because of asymptomatic pulmonary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALToma) was admitted to our hospital because of poor general condition and hypotension. Blood tests revealed thrombocytopenia and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, whereas computed tomography revealed systemic lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. An inguinal lymph node biopsy precipitated a diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Shortly after admission, the patient experienced spontaneous intestinal perforation and hemorrhage caused by multiple intestinal infiltrations of the AITL. Although chemotherapy was administered, the patient died several weeks after admission. A 46,XY,t(8;14)(q24;q11.2) karyotype was identified, and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses showed split signals for the MYC and T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha genes, by which a TCR::MYC translocation was confirmed. Pathological autopsy analysis revealed systemic infiltration of the AITL and no MALToma lesions. Only a few cases of mature T-cell lymphoma harboring MYC-R have been reported in the literature thus far. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of AITL with TCR::MYC rearrangement. This condition could be associated with refractoriness to chemotherapy and aggressive clinical course with systemic infiltrationthat included the intestine.
The Effect of Mixed Natural Sounds on Stress Recovery: Insights into Physiological Benefits and Temporal Dynamics
Authors: Liu Zhengkui , Zhu Zhengqing
Published: October 2024

The effect of natural sound on stress recovery is heterogeneous. The combination mode of natural sounds and sound duration may affect stress recovery. We conducted a study with 104 participants, randomly assigning them to one of three groups. Each group underwent an adapted version of the Montreal Imaging Stress Test (MIST) to induce stress, followed by a rest stage where they were exposed to either a single natural sound, a mixed sound environment, or no sound at all. Physiological data and self-reported stress levels were recorded at baseline, during the MIST test and the rest stages, and were analyzed using a Generalized Additive Model (GAM). Our findings revealed that the mixed sound environment was more effective in promoting physiological stress recovery, with a consistent recovery time course observed across all participant groups. Our study provides valuable insights and practical guidelines for stress management.
A Prospective Feasibility Study to Differentiate Sacral Neuromodulation Lead Electrode Configurations Using Motor and Sensory Thresholds and Locations of Sensation
Authors: He Tianyu , Hornung Christopher , Evans Michael , Zoghbi Stephanie , Chahine Leya , Nazar Fatima A. , Nelson Dwight , Nakib Nissrine
Published: October 2024

Background
Accurate positioning and effective programming of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) relies upon the use of several acute stimulation measurements. While the clinical utility of these acute measurements including pelvic floor motor thresholds (PFMT), toe/leg motor thresholds (TMT), and sensory thresholds (ST), are widely accepted, their usefulness in quantitative research remains unclear. The purpose of this prospective study was to test these measurements and gauge their utility in future research.
Methods
Eight participants received Axonics SNM, 6 Medtronic Interstim II, and 2 Medtronic Micro SNM. PFMT was measured after implantation. ST and the location of sensation (LOS) were measured immediately postoperatively (PO), at pre-release from the surgery center (PR), and during a follow-up clinic visit (FU). Thresholds were compared across contact and time using linear mixed-effects models.
Results
Significant differences in PFMT were found across electrode configurations, with stimulation through proximal contacts exhibiting lower PFMT than distal configurations. ST displayed no significant differences across electrodes and showed minimal changes over time. LOS exhibited substantial variability across patients and periods.
Conclusions
Results suggest that PFMT were able to differentiate differences across electrode configurations that may be useful for future quantitative research. The lack of differences in ST and LOS across electrode configurations was interesting given the focus on these measurements clinically. Future testing is to confirm these limitations.
Association between preoperative blood–brain barrier dysfunction and postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Di Lichao , Huang Peiying , He Yeju , Li Jie , Liu Yu , Chi Liwei , Sun Na , Kang Rongtian , Huang Lining
Published: October 2024

Background
Previous research indicates that the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an early biomarker of cognitive dysfunction in humans, and it deteriorates with age. Patients with coronary heart disease may have concomitant impairment of the BBB. The off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) is an effective surgical strategy for myocardial revascularization. However, cardiac surgery leads to a high incidence of postoperative delirium (POD), which can seriously affect clinical recovery. Therefore, it is important to explore whether preoperative BBB dysfunction is associated with POD in older patients undergoing OPCABG.
Methods
A prospective observational study was performed on OPCABG patients. Fifty older patients with coronary heart disease were recruited. Before surgery, patients underwent Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. BBB was assessed using GE AW4.7 workstation GEN IQ module. The physiological parameter volume transfer constant (Ktrans) is the most common and classical method for assessing BBB in the neuroimaging. All patients underwent standardized anesthetic management. Participants were assessed for POD twice daily for 5 days using the 3-Minute Diagnostic Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM) in non-intubated patients or the CAM for the Intensive Care Unit in intubated patients.
Results
19 patients (38%) were diagnosed with POD. The preoperative median hippocampus Ktrans of the POD and NPOD patients were 5.36 (IQR, 3.99,8.39) ×10-3min-1, and 3.89 (IQR, 3.40,4.68) ×10-3min-1. The preoperative median thalamus Ktrans of the POD and NPOD patients were 4.80 (IQR, 3.60,6.62) ×10-3min-1, and 3.55 (IQR, 3.05,4.57) ×10-3min-1. Hippocampal and thalamic Ktrans were statistically higher in the POD group compared to the NPOD group (P = 0.012 and P = 0.017). Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher hippocampus Ktrans (OR, 1.350; 95%CI, 1.048–1.740; P = 0.020) and thalamus Ktrans (OR, 1.466; 95%CI, 1.017–2.113; P = 0.040) were significantly associated with higher odds of POD. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjustment variables were age, interleukin-6. The adjusted models revealed that preoperative hippocampus Ktrans (OR, 1.250; 95%CI, 0.859–1.817; P = 0.244) and thalamus Ktrans (OR, 1.164; 95% CI, 0.648–2.090; P = 0.611) were not associated with higher odds of POD.
Conclusion
POD patients have higher preoperative hippocampal and thalamic BBB permeability, but this was not an independent risk factor for POD.
Urolithin A mitigates behavioral and synaptic deficits associated with epilepsy through VDAC-1 inhibition: A novel treatment approach
Authors: MISHRA SHEFALI , Verma Vijaya , Pradhan Sambit , Dwivedi Manish , Jorwal Pooja , Gowda Varun , Vasudevan Madavan , Sikdar Sujit , Kumar Vimlesh , Thilagar Pakkirisamy , Clement James , Nongthomba Upendra
Published: October 2024

The persistence of drug-resistant epilepsy indicates the need for new therapeutic interventions against novel targets with reduced side effects. One such approach is modifying underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, contributing to the reduced seizure threshold. We show that the administration of Urolithin-A (UA), a small molecule of natural origin, mitigates behavioral and synaptic dysfunctions under chemically and genetically induced epileptic conditions in Drosophila. Additionally, chronic treatment with UA attenuates the altered basal synaptic transmission and single-cell post-synaptic currents, curtailing the deleterious consequences of PTZ-induced chronic kindling of mice. However, UA exerts no seizure-suppressive effects in in-vitro epileptic conditions, implying the absence of acute symptomatic anti-epileptic effects. Here, we identify the direct interactor of UA as the complex of tubulin dimer and VDAC1 through affinity-purification with synthesized UA-attached beads and transcriptomics studies. Finally, neuron specific VDAC1 knockdown in Drosophila mimics UA supplementation effects. VDAC1 inhibition through UA offers new hope as a distinct neuroprotective therapeutic intervention for refractory epilepsy.
Exploiting Potential Molecular Compounds for Treating Testicular Seminoma by Targeting Immune Related Genes
Authors: Cui Yankang , Zhou Xiaodie , Zhang Jing , Fang Bo , Ge Jingping , Tang Hao , Liu Bianjiang , He Haowei , Xu Feng , Shang Xuejun
Published: October 2024

Background
In cases of advanced seminoma, up to 30% of patients may manifest cisplatin resistance, necessitating aggressive salvage therapy, with a consequent 50% risk of mortality attributable to cancer. Nevertheless, beyond chemotherapy, no further therapeutic modalities have been implemented for these patients.
Methods
The study commenced with the identification of differentially expressed immune-related genes, which were subsequently subjected to clustering using WGCNA. Prognostic signature construction ensued through the execution of univariable Cox regression, lasso regression, and multivariable Cox regression analyses. To validate the prognostic signature, the TCGA-TGCT and GSE99420 cohorts were employed, with assessments conducted via PFS, C-index, DCA, and ROC analyses. Subsequent exploration of the immune landscape and potential immunotherapeutic applications was undertaken through Cibersort and TIDE analyses. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation techniques were then employed for screening potential molecular compounds. Validation of these findings was pursued through in vitro and vivo assays.
Results
CTLA4, SNX17, and TMX1 were selected to construct the signature. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited diminished progression-free survival rates. The AUC for predicting survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 0.802, 0.899, and 0.943, respectively, surpassing those of other risk factors, such as lymphovascular invasion and T stage. The C-index for the risk score was 0.838. Decision curve analysis (DCA) suggests that incorporating lymphovascular invasion and the risk score yields the most favorable decision-making outcomes for patients. Moreover, individuals classified as high-risk may derive greater benefit from immunotherapy. Molecular compounds including Rutin, ICG-001, and Doxorubicin can selectively target CTLA4, SNX17, and TMX1, respectively, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and invasive capabilities of seminoma tumor cells in vitro and vivo.
Conclusion
The signature initially constructed based on immune-related genes shows promise for predicting outcomes and assessing the efficacy of immunotherapy in seminoma patients. Rutin, ICG-001, and Doxorubicin have demonstrated potential to target these signature genes and inhibit tumor cell viability.