bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jellyfish detritus supports niche partitioning and metabolic interactions among marine bacteria
Authors: Tinta Tinkara , Zhao Zihao , Bayer Barbara , Herndl Gerhard J.
Published: December 2022

Background
Jellyfish blooms represent a significant but largely overlooked source of labile organic matter (jelly-OM) in the ocean, characterized by a high protein content. Decaying jellyfish are important vehicles for carbon export to the ocean’s interior. To accurately incorporate them into biogeochemical models, the interactions between microbes and jelly-OM have yet to be fully characterized. We conducted jelly-OM enrichment experiments to simulate the scenario experienced by the coastal microbiome after the decay of a jellyfish bloom. We combined metagenomics, endo- and exo-metaproteomic approaches to obtain a mechanistic understanding on the metabolic network operated by the jelly-OM degrading bacterial consortium.
Results
Our analysis revealed that OM released during the decay of jellyfish blooms triggers a rapid shuffling of the taxonomic and functional profile of the bacterial community, resulting in a significant enrichment of protein/amino-acid catabolism-related enzymes in the jelly-OM degrading community dominated by Pseudoalteromonadaceae, Alteromonadaceae and Vibrionaceae, compared to unamended control treatments. In accordance with the proteinaceous character of jelly-OM, Pseudoalteromonadaceae synthesized and excreted enzymes associated with proteolysis, while Alteromonadaceae contributed to extracellular hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates and organophosphorus compounds. In contrast, Vibrionaceae synthesized transporter proteins for peptides, amino acids and carbohydrates, exhibiting a cheater-type lifestyle. In the late stage of jelly-OM degradation, Rhodobacteraceae and Alteromonadaceae became dominant, growing on jelly-OM left-overs or bacterial debris, potentially contributing to the accumulation of dissolved organic nitrogen compounds and inorganic nutrients, following the decay of jellyfish blooms.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that specific chemical and metabolic fingerprints associated with decaying jellyfish blooms are substantially different to those associated with decaying phytoplankton blooms, potentially altering the functioning and biogeochemistry of marine systems. In particular, the enrichment in extracellular collagenolytic proteases associated with the decay of jellyfish blooms represents an important aspect, with possible implications for marine ecosystem services as virulence factors in human and marine organisms’ disease. Our study also provides novel insights into niche partitioning and metabolic interactions among key jelly-OM degraders operating a complex metabolic network in a temporal cascade of biochemical reactions to degrade pulses of jellyfish-bloom specific compounds.
Serious infection risk of tofacitinib compared to biologics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated in routine clinical care
Authors: Riek Myriam , Finckh Axel , Scherer Almut , Möller Burkhard , Ciurea Adrian , von Mühlenen Ines , Gabay Cem , Kyburz Diego , Brulhart Laure , von Kempis Johannes , Mueller Ruediger B , Hasler Paul , Strahm Tanja , Känel Sabine , Zufferey Pascal , Dudler Jean
Published: December 2022

Background: Comparative safety assessments are important for informed treatment decisions. Recently, serious infections related to tofacitinib (TOF) have raised considerable interest. This study aims to compare the risk for serious infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) upon receiving TOF versus biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) by age at treatment initiation.
Methods: We identified adult RA patients exposed to TOF or bDMARDs using data collected by the Swiss registry for inflammatory rheumatic diseases (SCQM) from 2015 to 2018. The event of interest was the first non-fatal serious infection (SI) during drug exposure. Missing or incomplete event dates were imputed as either the lower (left) or upper (right) limit of the interval in which the event must have occurred. Separate analyses were done with the left and right imputed dates and interpreted together. The comparative risk (hazard ratio, HR) of TOF versus bDMARDs was estimated as a function of age using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for several possible confounders or predictors.
Results: 1687 patients provided time at risk for a first SI during study participation and drug exposure for a total of 2238 different treatment courses, 345 for TOF and 1893 for bDMARDs. Exact dates were missing from 21% of the SIs, with 44 (left imputation) or 43 (right imputation), respectively, identified as first SIs (12/12 on TOF versus 32/31 on bDMARDs). Left and right imputation produced similar results. For ages >= 69 years, HRs were >1 with both imputations. Indicatively, for right imputation, at 69 and 76 years, the HRs (95% confidence intervals) were, respectively: 2.05 (1.04, 4.05; increased), and 2.87 (1.27, 6.52; clinically relevantly increased). For ages < 65 years, the data were insufficient to draw conclusions one way or another.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that we should expect an increased risk for SIs upon treatment with TOF compared to bDMARDs in older patients (aged ≥ 69 years). Our study thus supports a cautious use of TOF in these patients. Further research is needed to assess whether the comparative risk is age dependent and, if so, whether it is relevantly increased in older as opposed to younger patients.
Creating a Best Practice Template for Participant Communication Plans in Global Health Clinical Studies
Authors: Shelly Colleen E , Logan Caroline , Skorochod Beth , Wiyeh Alison , Ndwandwe Duduzile , Choko Augustine , Valea Innocent , Titanji Boghuma K
Published: December 2022

Background: Clinical trial participants have a right to be informed throughout the entire process of human subject research. As part of this pillar of research ethics, participants and other stakeholders should be made aware of research findings after a trial has been completed. Though participants have both a right, and a desire to be informed of research outcomes, studies show that they rarely receive communication about study findings. Our aim was (1) to understand what, if any, role communication plans play in current global health clinical research protocols, and (2) to use our findings to develop a communication plan template tailored to clinical research carried out in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC) while minimizing colonial assumptions. While the template was drafted in the LMIC context, the principles are universally applicable and should be considered best practices for all global health clinical trials.
Methods: We carried out a mixed-method study over a period of six months to understand the role of communication with study participants and other stakeholders in clinical trials. The sem-quantitative analysis included mining publicly available clinical trial protocols for communication-related language. Qualitative interviews (n=7) were used to gather knowledge and insight from clinical trial experts to inform the development of a communication plan template.
Results: None of the 48 mined clinical trial protocols included a communication plan. Of the 48, 21% (n=21) protocols included communication-related language, and 10% (n=5) described plans to share trial results with participants.
Conclusion: The use of communication plans in global health clinical trials is lacking. To our knowledge, this is the first in-depth analysis of communication plans in clinical trials to date. We recommend that researchers utilize the developed communication plan template throughout the entire research process to ensure a human-centered approach to participant communication. This communication plan should apply to all phases of a research trial, with a particular emphasis on plans to share results in an accessible and engaging manner once the trial has been completed.
New Biomarkers Exploration and Nomogram Construction of Prognostic and Immune-Related Adverse Events of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Lin Xuwen , Chen Xi , Long Xiang , Zeng Chao , Zhang Zhihan , Fang Weiyi , Xu Ping
Published: December 2022

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are regarded as the most promising treatment for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). Unfortunately, there has been no unified accuracy biomarkers and systematic model specifically identified for prognostic and severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Our goal was to discover new biomarkers and develop a publicly accessible method of identifying patients who may maximize benefit from ICIs.
Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 138 aNSCLC patients receiving ICIs treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) and severe irAEs were end-points. Data of demographic features, severe irAEs, and peripheral blood inflammatory-nutritional and immune indices before and after 1 or 2 cycles of ICIs were collected. Independent factors were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) combined with multivariate analysis, and incorporated into nomogram construction. Internal validation was performed by applying area under curve (AUC), calibration plots, and decision curve.
Results
Three nomograms with great predictive accuracy and discriminatory power were constructed in this study. Among them, two nomograms based on combined inflammatory-nutritional biomarkers were constructed for PFS (1year-PFS and 2year-PFS) and severe irAEs respectively, and one nomogram was constructed for 1year-PFS based on immune indices. ESCLL nomogram (based on ECOG PS, preSII, changeCAR, changeLYM and postLDH) was constructed to assess PFS (1-,2-year-AUC=0.893[95%CI:0.837-0.950], 0.828[95%CI:0.721-0.935]). AdNLA nomogram (based on age, change-dNLR, changeLMR and postALI) was constructed to predict the risk of severe irAEs (AUC=0.762[95%CI:0.670-0.854]). NKT-B nomogram (based on change-CD3+CD56+CD16+NKT-like cells and change-B cells) was constructed to assess PFS (1-year-AUC=0.872[95%CI:0.764-0.965]). Although immune indices could not be modeled for severe irAEs prediction due to limited data, we were the first to find CD3+CD56+CD16+NKT-like cells were not only correlated with PFS but also associated with severe irAEs, which have not been reported in the study of aNSCLC-ICIs. Furthermore, our study also discovered higher change-CD4+/CD8+ ratio was significantly associated with severe irAEs.
Conclusions
These three new nomograms proceeded from non-invasive and straightforward peripheral blood data may be useful for decisions-making. CD3+CD56+CD16+NKT-like cells were first discovered to be an important biomarker for treatment and severe irAEs, and play a vital role in distinguishing the therapy response and serious toxicity of ICIs.
On crack nucleation and propagation in elastomers: I. In situ optical and x-ray experimental observations
Authors: Guo Jinlong , Ravi-Chandar Krishnaswamy
Published: December 2022

This article presents the results of an investigationof crack nucleation and propagation in atransparent polydimenthylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer.The main objective of the investigation is to characterizequantitatively the evolution of crack nucleationand propagation behavior not just through the usualmacroscopic load and displacement data, but with synchronizedoptical images at high spatial and adequatetemporal resolution that will resolve the evolution ofthe failure processes. This is augmented with x-ray computedtomography (CT) scans to characterize the threedimensionalgeometry of the cracks nucleated in the interiorof the elastomer.Towards this goal, we reproduce the classical pokerchipexperiment of Gent and Lindley (1959) in whichthe specimen’s diameter-to-thickness ratio is varied overa broad range to cover crack nucleation, propagation,and their coalescence. These experiments are performedon transparent PDMS with different compositions, firstin a specially built loading machine that is fitted witha high magnification microscopic camera that permitsthe measurement of the load while simultaneously providingimages of the specimen configuration and subsequentlyin an apparatus built for in situ observationsusing an x-ray CT scanning system.These experiments reveal that nucleation of multiplemicrocracks dominates when the diameter-to-thicknessaspect ratio α is sufficiently large, because the incompressibilityof the material induces substantial, nearlyuniform hydrostatic tension in the specimen. In contrast, specimens with smaller aspect ratio tend to nucleatefewer cracks, and are dominated by the growth ofthese cracks. At even smaller α, the hydrostatic stress issignificantly lowered and failure is dominated by surfaceflaws. The three-dimensional geometry, and the spatialdistribution of the nucleated cracks were evaluated usingoptical microscopy and x-ray CT scans. This revealedcracks of three different shapes, one of which wasconfined in a layer near to the upper or bottom boundaryof the poker-chip, another was across the thickness,but with a tilt relative to the axis of the specimen, andthe last was propagating along the radial direction.
Retinal Imaging Technologies in Cerebral Malaria: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wilson Kyle J. , Dhalla Amit , Meng Yanda , Tu Zhanhan , Zheng Yalin , Mhango Priscilla P. , Seydel Karl B. , Beare Nicholas A. V.
Published: December 2022

Background
Cerebral malaria (CM) continues to present a major health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. CM is associated with a characteristic malarial retinopathy (MR) with diagnostic and prognostic significance. Advances in retinal imaging have allowed researchers to better characterise the changes seen in MR and to make inferences about the pathophysiology of the disease.
Aims
Explore the role of retinal imaging in diagnosis and prognostication in CM; establish insights into pathophysiology of CM from retinal imaging; establish future research directions
Methods
We systematically reviewed the literature from the African Index Medicus, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases. A total of 35 full texts were included in the final analysis. The descriptive nature of the included studies and heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis.
Results
Available research clearly shows retinal imaging is useful both as a clinical tool for the assessment of CM and as a scientific instrument to aid our understanding of the condition. Modalities which can be performed at the bedside, such as fundus photography and optical coherence tomography, are best positioned to take advantage of artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis, unlocking the clinical potential of retinal imaging for real-time diagnosis in low-resource environments where extensively trained clinicians may be few in number, and for guiding adjunctive therapies as they develop.
Conclusions
Further research into retinal imaging technologies in CM is justified. In particular, co-ordinated interdisciplinary work shows promise in unpicking the pathophysiology of a complex disease.
Height Control of Greenhouse-grown Pansy Using Colored Shade Nets
Authors: Austerman Phoebe , Dunn Bruce L. , Singh Harpreet , Fontanier Charles , Stanphill Stephen
Published: December 2022

Pansy (Viola ×wittrockiana) is a greenhouse crop commonly grown under black shade net; it often requires the use of chemical plant growth regulators to maintain a compact growth habit. Nonchemical efforts to alter plant morphology, such as height, would provide a more sustainable solution than chemical application. The objective of these studies was to evaluate the effects of different colors of shade nets on controlling growth and flowering of pansy. In Expt. 1, ‘Clear Yellow’, ‘Buttered Popcorn’, and ‘Deep Orange’ pansy plugs were placed under 30% blue or black shade net or, as a control group, where grown with no shade net. In Expt. 2, the same three cultivars of pansy were grown under 50% black, red, pearl, or aluminized shade net. Data were collected on plant height, plant width, flower number, plant survival, soil plant analysis development chlorophyll meter (SPAD) readings, and light quality. In Expt. 1, the blue shade net reduced height to flower and height to leaves, but also decreased flower number and plant survival as compared with black shade net. All plants under no shade died. In Expt. 2, SPAD, an indicator of plant quality by estimating leaf greenness, was found to be lower under black shade net, whereas pearl shade net led to a decrease in plant height and no effect on the number of flowers. Light quality, including red-to-far-red ratio, varied among shade treatments, whereas light intensity was reduced under aluminized, black (50%), and red shade nets compared with other shade treatments. Blue and pearl shade nets both reduced plant height, but blue shade net also reduced plant survival and flowering.
Evapotranspiration Rates of Three Sweet Corn Cultivars under Different Irrigation Levels
Authors: Bayabil Haimanote K. , Teshome Fitsum T. , Guzman Sandra M. , Schaffer Bruce
Published: December 2022

Understanding plants’ response to different irrigation levels is essential for developing effective irrigation scheduling practices that conserve water without affecting plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of three sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) cultivars 1170, 8021, and Battalion under three irrigation levels (50%, 75%, and 100%). Irrigation treatments were based on soil moisture management allowable depletion. Replicated trials were conducted, in an open field using 1-gal containers, at the Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL. A drip system with microsprinklers was used for irrigation. Daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc) rates were measured using a digital scale based on differences in weights of soil containers and plants. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using the FAO-Penman-Monteith equation. Crop-coefficient (Kc) values for the three cultivars were calculated from measured ETc and calculated ETo. In addition, leaf area, stomatal conductance, and fresh biomass were measured. Total irrigation amounts corresponding to the 50%, 75%, and 100% treatments were 116, 162, and 216 mm, and total ETc values were 128, 157, and 170 mm, respectively. The two deficit irrigation treatments (50% and 75%) resulted in a reduction of ETc for the three cultivars compared with the 100% irrigation treatments. Results also showed that under 75% and 100% treatments, Kc values were usually greater than 1 for the three cultivars and reached as high as 1.5. Additionally, leaf area and fresh biomass weight in the 50% treatment were mostly lower than in the 75% or 100% treatments.
Editorial
Authors: Domínguez Partida Gabriel
Published: December 2022

"En el mundo actual, la virtualidad se presenta como una necesidad y no ya como una novel invención. En consecuencia, la  investigación de la comunicación ha incluido estas nuevas tecnologías digitales como un área de estudio con el afán extender el  conocimiento y aplicación de las teorías seminales del proceso comunicativo. Aunque esta incorporación se ha hecho con cierta reticencia, cada vez es más común encontrar voces académicas que reivindiquen el rol de estas tecnologías y la complejidad de sus aplicaciones, alejándose de la inclusiva influencia negativa en las audiencias. Uno de esos medios es los videojuegos."--Editorial
Desafíos del ecosistema creador de videojuegos independientes para móviles: una perspectiva mexicana
Authors: Barquet Nemer Stephanie , Flores Heymann Bernardo
Published: December 2022

Los videojuegos de consolas y para computa- doras se encuentran acaparados por grandes conglomerados del entretenimiento, sin embargo, con los dispositivos móviles se abrió el mercado de los videojuegos a nuevas audiencias poco exploradas: los adultos mayores y los jugadores casuales movilizando a los usuarios a nuevos estratos y formatos, promoviendo la creatividad que en este artículo se analizan desde la dependencia del sistema de medios.
Comunicación y ética científicas. El falso fraude de las pinturas de Altamira y su representación en el film “Altamira” (2016)
Authors: López Yepes José
Published: December 2022

Narración del proceso del descubrimiento de las  importantes pinturas prehistóricas halladas en 1879 en una cueva de Cantabria (al norte de España) llamada Altamira. Tal descubrimiento, por su elevado valor artístico y su perfección técnica no pudo ser aceptado que fuera cierto por la mayor parte de la comunidad científca del momento encabezada por Cartailhac, arqueólogo francés de gran  inﬂuencia. El artículo narra todas las vicisitudes que tuvo que soportar su descubridor, Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola, que fue acusado de superchería y falsifcación de las pinturas. Falleció sin ver reconocido su hallazgo. Con posterioridad, el arqueólogo francés reconoció su error y visitó la cueva y la tumba del erudito español.
Sesame seed protein: Amino acid, functional, and physicochemical profiles
Authors: Yüzer Mustafa , Gençcelep Hüseyin
Published: December 2022

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an erect herbaceous annual plant with flat seeds. It is one of the oldest cultivated oilseed plants in the world, especially popular in Africa and Asia.

The present research objective was to describe a sesame protein isolate, i.e., its amino acid profile, functional and physicochemical properties, zeta potential, and hydrodynamic diameter. The surface charge and hydrodynamic diameter in aqueous solutions were obtained for standard sesame seeds, defatted sesame seeds, and the sesame protein isolate.

Defatted sesame seeds yielded the following optimal parameters: salt concentration – 0.6 M, pH – 7, iso-electric point (pI) – 4. The sesame protein isolate was rich in methionine content, which is rare in other plant proteins, but its lysine content was lower than in other isolates. The sesame protein isolate displayed almost identical zeta potential profiles with its pH. The decreasing pH increased the zeta values gradually from the lowest negative value to the highest positive value. The zeta potentials of standard and defatted sesame seeds at pH 7 were –23.53 and –17.30, respectively. The hydrodynamic diameter of the sesame protein isolate (0.33 μm) was smaller than that of sesame seeds (2.64 μm) and defatted sesame seeds (3.02 μm). The sesame protein isolate had a water holding capacity of 1.26 g/g and an oil holding capacity of 3.40 g/g. Its emulsifying properties looked as follows: emulsion capacity – 51.32%, emulsion stability – 49.50%, emulsion activity index – 12.86 m2/g, and emulsion stability index – 44.96 min, respectively. These values are suitable for the sesame protein isolate and are consistent with the literature.

The sesame protein isolate was a good source of protein (88.98%). Using sesame proteins as functional components can be an important basis for better knowledge of the relationship between electrical charge interactions in food matrices and the structure, stability, shelf life, texture, structural and functional properties of food. Research prospects include the effects of sesame protein isolates on various food systems.
HAMBATAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MATA PELAJARAN PDTO DI JURUSAN OTOMOTIF SMK N 1 SEDAYU
Authors: Putra Taufiq Mardiono , Sukaswanto Sukaswanto Sukaswanto
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hambatan pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran Pekerjaan Dasar Teknik Otomotif (PDTO) di Jurusan Otomotif SMK Negeri 1 Sedayu yang difokuskan pada: hambatan yang dialami siswa dan solusi yang dilakukan; hambatan yang dialami guru dan solusi yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa hambatan yang paling sering dialami siswa dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran PDTO yaitu siswa sering merasa tidak bersemangat dalam mempelajari materi dari guru (44,45%) dengan solusi terbanyak yaitu memotivasi diri sendiri, sedangkan hambatan yang paling jarang dialami yaitu siswa tidak memiliki handphone atau laptop yang bisa dipakai untuk pembelajaran daring/online (66,66%) dengan solusi terbanyak yaitu meminjam kepada anggota keluarga/saudara. Hambatan utama dari guru mata pelajaran PDTO selama pembelajaran daring yaitu kurang dalam penggunaan IT yang solusinya meminta bantuan kepada guru lain, motivasi mengajar kurang yang solusinya meminta siswa mengumpul tugas tepat waktu, hasil evaluasi yang dirasa tidak valid yang solusinya dengan segera melaksanakan praktikum. Kepemilikan dokumen mengajar guru selama pembelajaran daring yaitu 30 dari 36 dokumen (83,3%), tetapi 12 dokumen tidak bisa ditunjukkan buktinya (33,3%).
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MATA PELAJARAN PRODUKTIF DI KELAS XI TKRO SMK NEGERI 2 WONOSARI
Authors: Ramadhan Aditya Aditya , Suhartanta Suhartanta
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi  pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi Covid-19 pada mata pelajaran produktif di kelas XI Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomotif  (TKRO) SMK Negeri 2 Wonosari yang meliputi aspek perencanaan implementasi pembelajaran daring, pelaksanaan implementasi pembelajaran daring, mengetahui hambatan pembelajaran daring dari perspektif guru dan peserta didik, dan mengetahui solusi guru dalam menghadapi pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan angket.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) aspek perencanaan guru dalam pembelajaran daring pada kategori sangat baik; (2) aspek pelaksanaan pembelajaran dari persepsi guru pada kategori sangat baik sedangkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring dari persepsi peserta pada kategori baik; (3) hambatan pembelajaran daring dari persepsi guru dalam kategori tidak ada hambatan. Hambatan pembelajaran daring dari persepsi peserta didik dalam kategori kurang ada hambatan; (4) solusi untuk mengatasi hambatan dalam memeriksa pekerjaan peserta didik dengan menggunakan aplikasi online yang bisa mengolah hasil penilaian secara otomatis seperti halnya google form, kemudian solusi untuk menangani kesulitan peserta didik dalam memahami materi dengan menambahkan video yang mendukung materi yang di berikan.
Audio Visual Digital Preservation Strategies: A case study in National Broadcasting Agency
Authors: Md Alui Siti Eryza Aziera , Khan Mazlina Pati , Shafei @ Safri Nurul Asyiqin , Mohd Nordin Nordiana
Published: December 2022

This study discusses the digital preservation practice and challenges of the media repository in the broadcasting industry. This study covers the digital preservation practices in Wisma TV, Radio Television Malaysia (RTM) where it functioning as information hubs for media resources and assisting in the preservation of cultural heritage. However, these broadcasting archives have mostly gone unnoticed and neglected by those working in the archive sector. Qualitative research methodology is used by implementing the case study design in order to explored the challenges while performing the digital preservation work. This broadcasting organization media collective was envisioned as a distributed network of organizations that supported media production, exhibition, and study, functioning as resource centers for media and supporting regional preservation efforts.
Keywords: Audiovisual Archiving, Digital Preservation, Broadcasting Industry
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by E-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC  BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behavior Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioral Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behavior Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Ruthenian and Russian Innovations in the Sacrament of Penance and their Early Eighteenth-Century Consequences
Authors: Kizenko Nadieszda
Published: December 2022

Orthodox Christian approaches to the sacrament of penance in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries are a story of adaptation, reception, and sometimes unintended consequences. In the middle of the seventeenth century, Ruthenian theologians like Metropolitan Petro Mohyla, Ioannikii Haliatovskyi, and Innokentii Gizel’ adapted what they thought useful from the confessional diversity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth into Orthodox practice. Faced with a different set of challenges, contemporary Moscow-based clerics, including Patriarch Nikon, decided to adapt many of these confession-related changes for their own purposes. In the eighteenth century, Ruthenian hierarchs including Dymytrii Tuptalo and Teofan Prokopovych, alternately emphasized or instrumentalized such notions as the secrecy (‘seal’) of the confession that would become foundational in the Russian empire. The approaches to the sacrament of penance at the turn of the eighteenth century—simultaneously constitutive and transformational—are thus a curious case of histoire croisée, with shape-shifting intercrossing at multiple national and confessional levels.
Малоросійські “Табелі про ранги” XVIII ст.: форми й практики
Authors: Сокирко Олексій
Published: December 2022

At the beginning of the eighteenth century, the military and political elite (“starshyna”) of the Cossack Hetmanate confronted a new series of threats from Imperial Russia, which sought to redefine the nature of its relations with the autonomous “Little Russian” polity. Cossack officials attempted to maintain their status, political influence, and wealth in the face of Peter I’s efforts to prohibit the election of the hetman and to control appointments and distribution of lands, in the process transforming themselves into landlords ("new nobility"). After Peter’s death, the starshyna demanded that the Russian government equalize their status with that of the other imperial officers and officials. To that end, Cossack officials drafted and tried to approve three Ukrainian counterparts (1742, 1756, 1762) to Peter I’s "Table of Ranks" (1722). These projects reflected the actual practices of career promotion and seniority in the Cossack corporation. In the future, they became one of the arguments in the Cossack elite’s struggle to obtain the rights of the Imperial Russian nobility.
Революция или эволюция? Взгляд на русский язык XVIII века сквозь призму источников 1740-х гг.
Authors: Карева Наталия
Published: December 2022

Thomas Rosén, Russian in the 1740s. Boston: Academic Studies Press. 2022. 212 p. ISBN: 9781644697979.
Estimation of DNA damage in the roots of Allium cepa exposed to heavy metals using comet assay
Authors: Khalid Naf’i AL Esraa , Ibrahim Khalil Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Higher plants were used as a bioindicator of environmental toxicity to estimate the severe problems related to the health of living organisms and the environment. Allium cepa plant was used to evaluate the DNA damage caused by heavy metal exposure, the roots of A.cepa plant. They were treated with four concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 25 ppm) for each of the metals Cadmium, zinc, copper and lead. At the same time, concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 500 ppm) were used for the preservative (sodium benzoate). The comet assay, a sensitive and suitable test for assessing DNA damage caused by chemical exposure, was used in this study. The Comet's six characteristics were measured: Head intensity, Head DNA%, Tail length, Tail intensity, Tail DNA% and Tail moment. The results showed that the metals are causing the DNA damage of meristematic cells of the roots of the A. cepa plant, depending on the tail length from most to least effective Cadmium> zinc > sodium benzoate > copper > lead > wastewater. I consider that it is not necessary to write down these values. The results of this study confirm that the meristematic cells of the roots of A. cepa are a suitable model for detecting DNA damage analyzed by the comet assay.

Keywords: Toxic metals - Bio-indicator - Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)
The Prognostic and Predictive Effects of Human Papillomavirus Status in Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: Population-Based Study
Authors: Yang Shi-Ping , Lin Xiang-Ying , Hu Min , Cai Cheng-Fu
Published: December 2022

Background

The role of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) status in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) remains controversial.

Objective

Our aim was to determine the prognostic and predictive effects of HPV status in patients with locally advanced HSCC (stage III-IVB) receiving primary radiotherapy.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with stage III-IVB HSCC between 2010 and 2016 were identified. HPV status, demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and survival data were captured. Kaplan-Meier analysis, multivariable Cox regression analysis, and propensity score matching analysis were performed.

Results

We identified 531 patients in this study and 142 (26.7%) patients with HPV-positive diseases. No significant differences were observed between those with HPV-negative and HPV-positive diseases with regard to demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, and chemotherapy use. HPV-positive HSCC had better head and neck cancer-specific survival (HNCSS; P=.001) and overall survival (OS; P<.001) compared to those with HPV-negative tumors. Similar results were found using the multivariable Cox regression analysis. Sensitivity analyses showed that the receipt of chemotherapy was associated with significantly improving HNCSS (P<.001) and OS (P<.001) compared to not receiving chemotherapy in HPV-negative HSCC, whereas comparable HNCSS (P=.59) and OS (P=.12) were found between both treatment arms in HPV-positive HSCC. Similar results were found after propensity score matching.

Conclusions

Approximately one-quarter of HSCC may be HPV-related, and HPV-positive HSCC is associated with improved survival outcomes. Furthermore, additional chemotherapy appears to be not related to a survival benefit in patients with HPV-positive tumors who received primary radiotherapy.
Trends in Language Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Relationship Between Language Use and Mental Health: Text Analysis Based on Free Responses From a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Weger Rachel , Lossio-Ventura Juan Antonio , Rose-McCandlish Margaret , Shaw Jacob S , Sinclair Stephen , Pereira Francisco , Chung Joyce Y , Atlas Lauren Yvette
Published: December 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions have been a major stressor that has exacerbated mental health worldwide. Qualitative data play a unique role in documenting mental states through both language features and content. Text analysis methods can provide insights into the associations between language use and mental health and reveal relevant themes that emerge organically in open-ended responses.

Objective

The aim of this web-based longitudinal study on mental health during the early COVID-19 pandemic was to use text analysis methods to analyze free responses to the question, “Is there anything else you would like to tell us that might be important that we did not ask about?” Our goals were to determine whether individuals who responded to the item differed from nonresponders, to determine whether there were associations between language use and psychological status, and to characterize the content of responses and how responses changed over time.

Methods

A total of 3655 individuals enrolled in the study were asked to complete self-reported measures of mental health and COVID-19 pandemic–related questions every 2 weeks for 6 months. Of these 3655 participants, 2497 (68.32%) provided at least 1 free response (9741 total responses). We used various text analysis methods to measure the links between language use and mental health and to characterize response themes over the first year of the pandemic.

Results

Response likelihood was influenced by demographic factors and health status: those who were male, Asian, Black, or Hispanic were less likely to respond, and the odds of responding increased with age and education as well as with a history of physical health conditions. Although mental health treatment history did not influence the overall likelihood of responding, it was associated with more negative sentiment, negative word use, and higher use of first-person singular pronouns. Responses were dynamically influenced by psychological status such that distress and loneliness were positively associated with an individual’s likelihood to respond at a given time point and were associated with more negativity. Finally, the responses were negative in valence overall and exhibited fluctuations linked with external events. The responses covered a variety of topics, with the most common being mental health and emotion, social or physical distancing, and policy and government.

Conclusions

Our results identify trends in language use during the first year of the pandemic and suggest that both the content of responses and overall sentiments are linked to mental health.
Diversification of processed miana leaves for community empowerment in Sokkolia Village, Gowa Regency
Authors: Suryani A. Irma , Azis Andi Asmawati , Purnamasari A. Bida , Karim Hilda , Idris Irma Suryani , Majid Ahmad Fudhail
Published: December 2022

A healthy lifestyle is an effort made to keep the body healthy and fit. One of the healthy lifestyles is consuming vegetables and fruit. In accordance with one of the goals of sustainable development (SDGs), namely a healthy and prosperous life and economic growth, the focus of this activity is on the health and welfare of the community by utilizing the processing of minasa leaves through diversification of miana leaves into various food preparations. This training was held in Sokkolia Village, Gowa Regency. Residents were given hands-on material and practice regarding miana leaf processing. After the training, a questionnaire was given to determine the participant's response to this training. The results of the questionnaire obtained an average score of 4.22. This means that the implementation of activities is in good criteria.
English for tour guide program to improve English Skills of tour guides in Trenggalek’s Tourist Villages
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Dwi , Asih Ria Arista , Maeyangsari Dessy , Fairuzara A. R. Alyaa' Chiquita , Heuvelman Fredik Yunior , Al-Ghaniy Roro Millatu
Published: December 2022

Trenggalek is one of the potential regencies in East Java, with many beautiful tourist destinations. Realizing this fact, the government of Trenggalek has set a target to develop 100 tourist villages in Trenggalek by 2024. Tourist villages are now becoming one of the main attractions in Trenggalek. To make the villages more known and visited by tourists, some support is needed, one of which is the involvement of tour guides skilled in using English. Therefore, the community service team from UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur under the scheme PIKAT (Pemanfaatan Ipteks Bagi Masyarakat = Utilization of Science and Technology for Society) held an English for Tour Guide program in Pandean Village, Dongko Sub-district, Trenggalek. Supported by the Department of Tourism and Culture of Trenggalek. This program has been held since July and is still running.  The service program consists of three main activities, namely: (1) preparation, debriefing, and pre-departure; (2) implementation; and (3) evaluation. The tour guides joined and attended the program enthusiastically. They were actively involved in the discussions, sharing sessions, and role-plays. It is expected that this program can be impactful for tour guides in tourist villages in Trenggalek and can be extended in a broader scope in the future. In addition, more tourists are interested in visiting Trenggalek, from East Java and around Indonesia.
Development of web-based administration system for Mandeh Pasir Fisherman Group, Marunggi Village, Pariaman City
Authors: Nasir Januardi , Setiawan Yasha Langitta , Yusran Rio Rahmat
Published: December 2022

As an area close to the sea, the life of the people of Kota Pariaman is highly dependent on marine products. One of the villages in Pariaman City that is very dependent on marine products is the community of Pasir Marunggi Village, South Pariaman District. The strategic location of Pasir Marunggi village, namely the road to go to the Minangkabau international airport and to Pariaman City, automatically makes this village a frequent stopover, especially with the sek rice stalls in Pasir village, which have characteristics with those around Pariaman. Some of the obstacles faced in addition to the lack of knowledge in the field of Information Technology in the process of promoting aquaculture and catches by fishermen, resulting in a decrease in sales turnover for fishermen.  This community service was aimed to web-based administration system for Mandeh Pasir Fisherman Group, Marunggi Village, Pariaman City. The computer-based administration system is given because there are still many fishermen who are members of the Mandeh - Fisherman Group who do not understand how to manage a computer-based administration system. The expected result is that business groups can do bookkeeping with a computer by introducing Microsoft Word and Excel for administrative facilities and adding block making training to facilitate the promotion of business groups so that they can be known in other areas and increase revenue turnover.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI DESA MENJADI DESA WISATA DI KABUPATEN TABANAN (Studi Kasus Desa Tegal Linggah, Penebel, Tabanan)
Authors: Pantiyasa I Wayan
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research is to know the tourism potency of Tegal Linggah village which will be the fondastion to develop the village into community based tourism, the community perception the plan of community based tourism development, and how to make strategic development of community based tourism. The research use the drescriptive statistic analysis and SWOT analysis. The result of the research is to get potencies of Tegal Linggah village, they are natural, culture, social conomic and culinary. Then other potencies are accessibility to the village. The perception of the community to the plan of community based tourism development are 40,75% / very agree, 57,83% / agree, and 1,42 / only still doubt. The strategys in the community based tourism development are: organizing of managemen, making the house rules of th community based tourism, planning of tourist attraction, preparing the infra and supra structure of the community based tourism, socializing to the community, marketing the product of CBT, making the program of cleaning village.
PERAN LIMA PILAR PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA TERHADAP KAWASAN NUSA PENIDA, KLUNGKUNG
Authors: Wijaya A. A. Gede , Adi Saputra I Putu David , Trisna Semara I Made
Published: December 2022

This research aims to know the relationship of five pillars of tourism development in Nusa Penida, Klungkung regency, Bali. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The method is used to get data or descriptive explanation about the potency of tourism development and the role of five pillars in Nusa Penida. Data will be analized use descriptive qualitative analysis. The result of the research is the relationship of five pillars of tourism development (tourist attraction, accessibility, amenities, ancillaries, dan community involvement)in tourism development in Nusa Penida, Kabupaten Klungkung-Bali, have a positive effect to social, economic, and environment in Nusa Penida.
Assessing competitiveness relations as a strategy between flour milling manufacturing firms: Evidence from Greece
Authors: Konstantinidis Christos , Plioska Paschalia , Kourtesi Sofia , Zografou Stella
Published: December 2022

The flour milling industry in Greece is one of the most dynamic sectors not only for Greek manufacturing but also for the whole Greek economy contributing at a high percentage in different economic indexes like value-added, turnover, and number of employees. On the other hand, the notion of competitiveness and its estimation is crucial for all firms because it determines at a high level the strategy which the firms may select to follow (Chikán, Czakó, Kiss-Dobronyi, & Losonci, 2022). For these reasons as well as the fact that no other studies for the specific sector in Greece have been met in the literature the current study holds a special interest both for academics and policymakers. The competitiveness can be estimated either with Porter’s methodology or with the use of financial indexes (Fischer & Schornberg, 2007). In this paper, the second way is selected and the most used financial indexes are calculated for the two biggest in terms of market share flour milling manufacturing firms in Greece. A comparison between these firms as a case study takes place using a combination of the financial indexes for each one of them constituting the main authors’ contribution by depicturing problems and current situation from this sector, while the use of econometric models may be the next step for the methodology of similar future research. In the end, the conclusions and the discussion accompanied by the proposals for future research close the current manuscript.
The impact of grants’ capabilities on performance of local NGOs: Evidence from developing market
Authors: Abu-Serdaneh Jamal , Ghazalat Anas , Al-Ahmar Ahmad , Ahmed Emad
Published: December 2022

This study aimed at assessing grants capacity and performance of local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Jordan. It also aimed to find answers to key research questions: How do grants’ capabilities affect the performance of local NGOs)? Can NGOs maintain peer connections with local actors? Finding out the impact of different grants’ capabilities on the performance of local NGOs in Jordan will allow updating and order to inform the capacity building programs that are provided to local NGOs in Jordan by various stakeholders. NGOs performance proxy developed through two bases: American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) & common performance. While, grants’ capabilities are measured through five dimensions: governance and humanitarian principles, human resources, financial and accounting practices, procurement practices, and programmatic and monitoring practices. Different methods (interviews, questionnaires, and focus groups discussions) were used to collect the data from 69 local NGOs. The sample represents six groups located in different geographical areas. The study result indicates that there is a significant impact of the governance and human resource capacities on the performance of local NGOs in Jordan; while, there is no significant impact of the remaining grants’ capabilities factors on the performance of local NGOs. Finally, the study outlined the main challenges that local NGOs in Jordan face regarding access to funds
Dynamics-based characterization and classification of the biodiversity indicators
Authors: Otomo Yuri , Masuda Reiji , Osada Yutaka , Kawatsu Kazutaka , Kondo Michio
Published: December 2022

Various biodiversity indicators, such as species richness, total
abundance and species diversity indices, have been developed to capture
the state of ecological community over space and time. As biodiversity
is a multifaceted concept, it is important to understand the dimension
of biodiversity reflected by each indicator for successful biodiversity
conservation and management. Here we present a method to characterize
and classify biodiversity indicators according to their dynamical
similarity and apply the methodology to the monitoring data of a marine
fish community under the intermittent anthropogenic warm water
discharge. Our analysis reveals that ten biodiversity indicators can be
classified into three super-groups that possibly reflect the same
dimension of biodiversity. Group I (species richness) with the most
robust dynamics to the temperature changes; Group II (species diversity
and total abundance) showing an abrupt change in the middle of the
monitoring period, presumably due to a change in temperature; Group III
(species evenness) with the highest sensitivity to temperature changes.
The finding suggests that selecting indicators from different
super-groups might help to fully assess biodiversity response to
environmental change.