bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Low-Risk Prostate Cancer from Transperineal Saturation Biopsies
Authors: van Leeuwen Pim J. , Siriwardana Amila , Roobol Monique , Ting Francis , Nieboer Daan , Thompson James , Delprado Warick , Haynes Anne-Marie , Brenner Phillip , Stricker Phillip
Published: April 2016

Introduction. To assess the performance of five previously described clinicopathological definitions of low-risk prostate cancer (PC).Materials and Methods. Men who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) for clinical stage ≤T2, PSA <10 ng/mL, Gleason score <8 PC, diagnosed by transperineal template-guided saturation biopsy were included. The performance of five previously described criteria (i.e., criteria 1–5, criterion 1 stringent (Gleason score 6 + ≤5 mm total max core length PC + ≤3 mm max per core length PC) up to criterion 5 less stringent (Gleason score 6-7 with ≤5% Gleason grade 4) was analysed to assess ability of each to predict insignificant disease in RP specimens (defined as Gleason score ≤6 and total tumour volume <2.5 mL, or Gleason score 7 with ≤5% grade 4 and total tumour volume <0.7 mL).Results. 994 men who underwent RP were included. Criterion 4 (Gleason score 6) performed best with area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics 0.792. At decision curve analysis, criterion 4 was deemed clinically the best performing transperineal saturation biopsy-based definition for low-risk PC.Conclusions. Gleason score 6 disease demonstrated a superior trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for clarifying low-risk PC that can guide treatment and be used as reference test in diagnostic studies.
A Driving Behaviour Model of Electrical Wheelchair Users
Authors: Onyango S. O. , Hamam Y. , Djouani K. , Daachi B. , Steyn N.
Published: April 2016

In spite of the presence of powered wheelchairs, some of the users still experience steering challenges and manoeuvring difficulties that limit their capacity of navigating effectively. For such users, steering support and assistive systems may be very necessary. To appreciate the assistance, there is need that the assistive control is adaptable to the user’s steering behaviour. This paper contributes to wheelchair steering improvement by modelling the steering behaviour of powered wheelchair users, for integration into the control system. More precisely, the modelling is based on the improved Directed Potential Field (DPF) method for trajectory planning. The method has facilitated the formulation of a simple behaviour model that is also linear in parameters. To obtain the steering data for parameter identification, seven individuals participated in driving the wheelchair in different virtual worlds on the augmented platform. The obtained data facilitated the estimation of user parameters, using the ordinary least square method, with satisfactory regression analysis results.
A Bioinspired Fair Resource-Allocation Algorithm for TDMA-Based Distributed Sensor Networks for IoT
Authors: Kim Young-Jae , Choi Hyun-Ho , Lee Jung-Ryun
Published: April 2016

Many studies on distributed resource-allocation algorithms have been conducted recently because of the increasing number of network nodes and the rapidly changing network environments in the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we propose the multihop DESYNC algorithm, which is a bioinspired Time Division Multiple Access- (TDMA-) based distributed resource-allocation scheme for distributed sensor networks. We define a detailed frame structure for the proposed multihop DESYNC algorithm and a firing message, which acts as a reference for resource allocation. In addition, operating procedures for resource allocation and collision detection avoidance under multihop DESYNC are explained. Simulations show that multihop DESYNC effectively resolves the hidden-node problem and that it fairly shares resources among nearby nodes in multihop networks. Moreover, it achieves better performance than the CSMA/CA algorithm in terms of channel reuse gain and average throughput.
The Engrailed‐1 Gene Stimulates Brown Adipogenesis
Authors: Zhang Chuanhai , Weng Yibing , Shi Fangxiong , Jin Wanzhu
Published: April 2016

As a thermogenic organ, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has received a great attention in treating obesity and related diseases. It has been reported that brown adipocyte was derived from engrailed‐1 (EN1) positive central dermomyotome. However, functions of EN1 in brown adipogenesis are largely unknown. Here we demonstrated that EN1 overexpression increased while EN1 knockdown decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of key adipogenic genes including PPARγ2 and C/EBPα and mitochondrial OXPHOS as well as BAT specific marker UCP1. Taken together, our findings clearly indicate that EN1 is a positive regulator of brown adipogenesis.
Ultraviolet Radiation‐Induced Skin Aging: The Role of DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Epidermal Stem Cell Damage Mediated Skin Aging
Authors: Panich Uraiwan , Sittithumcharee Gunya , Rathviboon Natwarath , Jirawatnotai Siwanon
Published: April 2016

Skin is the largest human organ. Skin continually reconstructs itself to ensure its viability, integrity, and ability to provide protection for the body. Some areas of skin are continuously exposed to a variety of environmental stressors that can inflict direct and indirect damage to skin cell DNA. Skin homeostasis is maintained by mesenchymal stem cells in inner layer dermis and epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in the outer layer epidermis. Reduction of skin stem cell number and function has been linked to impaired skin homeostasis (e.g., skin premature aging and skin cancers). Skin stem cells, with self‐renewal capability and multipotency, are frequently affected by environment. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR), a major cause of stem cell DNA damage, can contribute to depletion of stem cells (ESCs and mesenchymal stem cells) and damage of stem cell niche, eventually leading to photoinduced skin aging. In this review, we discuss the role of UV‐induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in the skin stem cell aging in order to gain insights into the pathogenesis and develop a way to reduce photoaging of skin cells.
An Interactive Astronaut-Robot System with Gesture Control
Authors: Liu Jinguo , Luo Yifan , Ju Zhaojie
Published: April 2016

Human-robot interaction (HRI) plays an important role in future planetary exploration mission, where astronauts with extravehicular activities (EVA) have to communicate with robot assistants by speech-type or gesture-type user interfaces embedded in their space suits. This paper presents an interactive astronaut-robot system integrating a data-glove with a space suit for the astronaut to use hand gestures to control a snake-like robot. Support vector machine (SVM) is employed to recognize hand gestures and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of SVM to further improve its recognition accuracy. Various hand gestures from American Sign Language (ASL) have been selected and used to test and validate the performance of the proposed system.
Phenotypic Variation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Primary Care
Authors: Beekman Emmylou , Mesters Ilse , Spigt Mark G. , van Eerd Eva A. M. , Gosselink Rik , de Bie Rob A. , van Schayck Onno C. P.
Published: April 2016

Introduction. Despite the high number of inactive patients with COPD, not all inactive patients are referred to physical therapy, unlike recommendations of general practitioner (GP) guidelines. It is likely that GPs take other factors into account, determining a subpopulation that is treated by a physical therapist (PT). The aim of this study is to explore the phenotypic differences between inactive patients treated in GP practice and inactive patients treated in GP practice combined with PT. Additionally this study provides an overview of the phenotype of patients with COPD in PT practice.Methods. In a cross-sectional study, COPD patient characteristics were extracted from questionnaires. Differences regarding perceived health status, degree of airway obstruction, exacerbation frequency, and comorbidity were studied in a subgroup of 290 inactive patients and in all 438 patients.Results. Patients treated in GP practice combined with PT reported higher degree of airway obstruction, more exacerbations, more vascular comorbidity, and lower health status compared to patients who were not referred to and treated by a PT.Conclusion. Unequal patient phenotypes in different primary care settings have important clinical implications. It can be carefully concluded that other factors, besides the level of inactivity, play a role in referral to PT.
N-Acetyl-Cysteine as Effective and Safe Chelating Agent in Metal-on-Metal Hip-Implanted Patients: Two Cases
Authors: Giampreti Andrea , Lonati Davide , Ragghianti Benedetta , Ronchi Anna , Petrolini Valeria Margherita , Vecchio Sarah , Locatelli Carlo Alessandro
Published: April 2016

Systemic toxicity associated with cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) containing metal hip alloy may result in neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, and hypothyroidism. However clinical management concerning chelating therapy is still debated in literature. Here are described two metal-on-metal hip-implanted patients in which N-acetyl-cysteine decreased elevated blood metal levels. A 67-year-old male who underwent Co/Cr hip implant in September 2009 referred to our Poison Control Centre for persisting elevated Co/Cr blood levels (from March 2012 to November 2014). After receiving oral high-dose N-acetyl-cysteine, Co/Cr blood concentrations dropped by 86% and 87% of the prechelation levels, respectively, and persisted at these latter concentrations during the following 6 months of follow-up. An 81-year-old female who underwent Co/Cr hip implant in January 2007 referred to our Centre for detection of high Co and Cr blood levels in June 2012. No hip revision was indicated. After a therapy with oral high-dose N-acetyl-cysteine Co/Cr blood concentrations decreased of 45% and 24% of the prechelation levels. Chelating agents reported in hip-implanted patients (EDTA, DMPS, and BAL) are described in few cases. N-acetyl-cysteine may provide chelating sites for metals and in our cases reduced Co and Cr blood levels and resulted well tolerable.
Privacy Leakage in Mobile Sensing: Your Unlock Passwords Can Be Leaked through Wireless Hotspot Functionality
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zheng Xiaolong , Tang Zhanyong , Xing Tianzhang , Chen Xiaojiang , Fang Dingyi , Li Rong , Gong Xiaoqing , Chen Feng
Published: April 2016

Mobile sensing has become a new style of applications and most of the smart devices are equipped with varieties of sensors or functionalities to enhance sensing capabilities. Current sensing systems concentrate on how to enhance sensing capabilities; however, the sensors or functionalities may lead to the leakage of users’ privacy. In this paper, we present WiPass, a way to leverage the wireless hotspot functionality on the smart devices to snoop the unlock passwords/patterns without the support of additional hardware. The attacker can “see” your unlock passwords/patterns even one meter away. WiPass leverages the impacts of finger motions on the wireless signals during the unlocking period to analyze the passwords/patterns. To practically implement WiPass, we are facing the difficult feature extraction and complex unlock passwords matching, making the analysis of the finger motions challenging. To conquer the challenges, we use DCASW to extract feature and hierarchical DTW to do unlock passwords matching. Besides, the combination of amplitude and phase information is used to accurately recognize the passwords/patterns. We implement a prototype of WiPass and evaluate its performance under various environments. The experimental results show that WiPass achieves the detection accuracy of 85.6% and 74.7% for passwords/patterns detection in LOS and in NLOS scenarios, respectively.
Solving Fractional Dynamical System with Freeplay by Combining Memory-Free Approach and Precise Integration Method
Authors: Liu Q. X. , He X. S. , Liu J. K. , Chen Y. M. , Huang L. C.
Published: April 2016

The Yuan-Agrawal (YA) memory-free approach is employed to study fractional dynamical systems with freeplay nonlinearities subjected to a harmonic excitation, by combining it with the precise integration method (PIM). By the YA method, the original equations are transformed into a set of first-order piecewise-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These ODEs are further separated as three linear inhomogeneous subsystems, which are solved by PIM together with a predictor-corrector process. Numerical examples show that the results by the presented method agree well with the solutions obtained by the Runge-Kutta method and a modified fractional predictor-corrector algorithm. More importantly, the presented method has higher computational efficiency.
The Regulatory Role of Nuclear Factor Kappa B in the Heart of Hereditary Hypertriglyceridemic Rat
Authors: Vranková Stanislava , Barta Andrej , Klimentová Jana , Dovinová Ima , Líšková Silvia , Dobešová Zdenka , Pecháňová Oľga , Kuneš Jaroslav , Zicha Josef
Published: April 2016

Activation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) might induce transcription and expression of different antioxidant enzymes and also of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms. Thus, we aimed at studying the effect of NF‐κB inhibition, caused by JSH‐23 (4‐methyl‐N1‐(3‐phenyl‐propyl)‐benzene‐1,2‐diamine) injection, on ROS and NO generation in hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats. 12‐week‐old, male Wistar and HTG rats were treated with JSH‐23 (bolus, 10 μmol, i.v.). After one week, blood pressure (BP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, SOD1, endothelial NOS (eNOS), and NF‐κB (p65) protein expressions were higher in the heart of HTG rats compared to control rats. On the other hand, NOS activity was decreased. In HTG rats, JSH‐23 treatment increased BP and heart conjugated dienes (CD) concentration (measured as the marker of tissue oxidative damage). Concomitantly, SOD activity together with SOD1 expression was decreased, while NOS activity and eNOS protein expression were increased significantly. In conclusion, NF‐κB inhibition in HTG rats led to decreased ROS degradation by SOD followed by increased oxidative damage in the heart and BP elevation. In these conditions, increased NO generation may represent rather a counterregulatory mechanism activated by ROS. Nevertheless, this mechanism was not sufficient enough to compensate BP increase in HTG rats.
A Delayed Diagnosis of Chronic Mesenteric Ischaemia: The Role of Clinicians’ Cognitive Errors
Authors: Yeoh Sern Wei
Published: April 2016

Chronic diarrhoeal illnesses with nausea and weight loss are a common indication for gastroenterology review. While many such cases have intra-luminal aetiologies, such as inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease or other malabsorptive conditions, with many other cases due to functional gut disorders or systemic malignancy, clinicians must also keep vascular disorders in mind. Here we report a patient with a delayed diagnosis of chronic mesenteric ischaemia after 6 months of gastrointestinal symptoms strongly mimicking an alternative diagnosis such as inflammatory bowel disease due an atypical predominance of nausea and diarrhoea rather than pain. We briefly review the literature on treatment of this condition but also discuss with particular attention the sequence of cognitive errors made by clinicians that led to a diagnostic delay, inviting readers to thus reflect on how such errors can be minimised in their practice.
High Ultrafiltration Rates Increase Troponin Levels in Stable Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Mavrakanas Thomas A. , Sniderman Allan D. , Barré Paul E. , Vasilevsky Murray , Alam Ahsan
Published: April 2016

Background: An elevated troponin level is commonly found in asymptomatic patients on hemodialysis (HD) and is associated with higher risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events. The underlying mechanism for the association between adverse outcomes and elevated troponin levels has not been elucidated. Methods: Two hundred thirty-six stable chronic HD patients from 2 tertiary care centers were enrolled in this study. We measured pre-dialysis troponin I levels with routine monthly bloods for 3 consecutive months. Troponin I was considered to be elevated if it exceeded the laboratory reference range of 0.06 μg/l. Results: The study population had a mean age of 67.5, 56% were male, 47% had diabetes and 28% had pre-existing coronary artery disease. Eighty-eight positive troponin values were recorded (13% of the available values) in 52 patients. In a repeated measures linear random effects model (univariate analysis), high ultrafiltration (UF), high inter-dialytic weight gain, and duration of the dialysis session, but not intra-dialytic hypotension, were associated with troponin I elevation. In the multivariate model, only high UF explained troponin I elevation (p = 0.04). The intraclass correlation coefficient was found to be 5.8%, suggesting that observed variability is within and not between subjects, with session-related parameters being more important than inter-individual differences. Conclusions: A high UF rate during HD is associated with a biochemical evidence of myocardial injury. If confirmed, efforts to avoid rapid UF, protect residual kidney function or minimize weight gain between sessions may impact cardiovascular outcomes in this high-risk population.
Uma outra maneira de estar
Authors: Castro Filho Claudio Marcondes de , Sousa Lucília Maria Abrahão e
Published: April 2016

Editorial do Biblioteca Escolar em Revista, Ribeirão Preto, v. 4, n. 2, 2016.
Cardiac
Stim1
Silencing Impairs Adaptive Hypertrophy and Promotes Heart Failure Through Inactivation of mTORC2/Akt Signaling
Authors: Bénard Ludovic , Oh Jae Gyun , Cacheux Marine , Lee Ahyoung , Nonnenmacher Mathieu , Matasic Daniel S. , Kohlbrenner Erik , Kho Changwon , Pavoine Catherine , Hajjar Roger J. , Hulot Jean-Sébastien
Published: April 2016

Background—

Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a dynamic calcium signal transducer implicated in hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. STIM1 is thought to act as an initiator of cardiac hypertrophic response at the level of the sarcolemma, but the pathways underpinning this effect have not been examined.

Methods and Results—

To determine the mechanistic role of STIM1 in cardiac hypertrophy and during the transition to heart failure, we manipulated STIM1 expression in mice cardiomyocytes by using in vivo gene delivery of specific short hairpin RNAs. In 3 different models, we found that
Stim1
silencing prevents the development of pressure overload–induced hypertrophy but also reverses preestablished cardiac hypertrophy. Reduction in STIM1 expression promoted a rapid transition to heart failure. We further showed that
Stim1
silencing resulted in enhanced activity of the antihypertrophic and proapoptotic GSK-3β molecule. Pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 was sufficient to reverse the cardiac phenotype observed after
Stim1
silencing. At the level of ventricular myocytes,
Stim1
silencing or inhibition abrogated the capacity for phosphorylation of Akt
S473
, a hydrophobic motif of Akt that is directly phosphorylated by mTOR complex 2. We found that
Stim1
silencing directly impaired mTOR complex 2 kinase activity, which was supported by a direct interaction between STIM1 and Rictor, a specific component of mTOR complex 2.

Conclusions—

These data support a model whereby STIM1 is critical to deactivate a key negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy. In cardiomyocytes, STIM1 acts by tuning Akt kinase activity through activation of mTOR complex 2, which further results in repression of GSK-3β activity.
Being Interpreted by the Parables
Authors: Denton Donald L.
Published: April 2016

N.T. Wright’s historical Jesus work, along with his approach to New Testament studies generally, is informed by a hermeneutic grounded in a critically realistic epistemology. This latter can appropriately be considered a hermeneutical epistemology, and its impact on both Jesus studies and parables interpretation is evident in Wright’s work. It is of course grounded in the cognitional theory of Bernard Lonergan, but may be furthered by the holistic historiography derived from observations of R.G. Collingwood, as well as the phenomenological-hermeneutical tradition represented by Heidegger and Gadamer, and ultimately the application to biblical hermeneutics by Ricoeur. Lonergan’s ‘world mediated by meaning’ and Heidegger’s ‘mode-of-being-in-the-world’ both make knowledge radically hermeneutical; Ricoeur’s world-projection in the narrative sees the narrative parable’s function as world-encompassing, similar to Wright’s worldview-subversion. All of these have in common that they are irreducibly participatory or hermeneutical.
Concern, Custom and Common Sense
Authors: Kazen Thomas
Published: April 2016

This essay interacts with E.P. Sanders’s work on purity, building on some of his insights, while disagreeing on other points. Sanders’s appeal to historical imagination and common sense is discussed and problematized. The essay deals at length with issues such as the expulsion, isolation, and integration of various impurity bearers, and the emergence of additional water rites to mitigate impurities and prevent unnecessary contamination. The evidence under discussion includes Hebrew Bible, Dead Sea texts, Philo, Josephus, New Testament, and rabbinic literature.
Doing History the (W)right Way
Authors: Stewart Robert B.
Published: April 2016

This article argues that Wright’s historical method is neither modern nor postmodern though it does contain elements that are found in each. In it I assess Wright’s method in light of critique from Carey Newman on the one hand and Brian Walsh and Richard Middleton on the other. I conclude that all of them are partially correct and partially incorrect.
Behuria mestrealvarensis (Melastomataceae): a new species on an inselberg in Espírito Santo, Brazil
Authors: IGLESIAS DIEGO TAVARES , DUTRA VALQUÍRIA FERREIRA , GOLDENBERG RENATO
Published: April 2016

Behuria mestrealvarensis (Melastomataceae) from the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, is described, illustrated and compared with B. capixaba, the species most similar to it. Behuria mestrealvarensis differs from B. capixaba by the glabrous petioles and hypanthia, by the solitary flowers or these in simple or compound triads up to 7 flowers, elliptic bracteoles almost the same size of the pedicel and hypanthium, sepals with eciliate margins and ovary apex with trichomes up to 0.5 mm. It occurs in a single locality, on an isolated, ca. 800m elev. inselberg. Due to its restricted occupancy area, fragmented landscape and poor habitat quality, this species must be considered as Critically Endangered according to IUCN criteria.
A new species of Annonaceae from southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: JOSEKUTTY ELAYANITHOTTATHIL JOSEPH , BIJU PUNNAKOT , SUJANAPAL PUTHIYAPURAYIL , AUGUSTINE JOMY
Published: April 2016

Miliusa Leschenault ex Candolle (1832: 213) is represented worldwide by 40 species and mostly distributed in Southeast Asia and Australia (Mols&Kessler 2003). Mitra (1993) recognized 15 species in India, and since then five new taxa, Miliusa wayanadica Narayanan et al. (2010:64), Miliusa velutina var. deviyarina Rajendran et al. (2003:220), M. tirunelvelica Murugan et al. (2004:102), M. gokhalei Narayanan et al (2012:26) and M. codonantha Chaowasku (2013:101) have been added.
Chaetoceros coloradensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Chaetocerotaceae), a new inland species from Little Gaynor Lake, Colorado, North America
Authors: LI JING , KOCIOLEK J. PATRICK , GAO YAHUI
Published: April 2016

Chaetoceros is a large, mostly marine genus of diatoms that contains over five hundred species worldwide. Most species of Chaetoceros form chains, while a small minority are solitary in their growth form. Only seven Chaetoceros species have been reported in inland waters of Western North America, including C. amanita, C. elmorei, C. hohnii, C. muelleri, C. muelleri var. subsalsum, C. simplex and C. transisetus. A new Chaetoceros species, Chaetoceros coloradensis sp. nov. was found in Little Gaynor Lake in Boulder, Colorado, USA. We describe this new species using light and electron microscopy. Chaetoceros coloradensis has two setae per valve. Setae on opposite valves have different orientations in valve view, being offset by 30–45o from one another while all four setae lie in the same focal plane in girdle view. No processes exist on the valve surface of this new species. Individual gene and a concatenated sequence data set of LSU rDNA and SSU rDNA for C. coloradensis show that this species is allied with other solitary species in the genus. We compare and contrast the new species with all other twenty-one solitary species recorded, and comment on the section Simplicia, a group within Chaetoceros comprised exclusively of solitary species.
A new record of the genus Yua (Vitaceae) from Vietnam
Authors: DANG VIET CUONG , LU LIMIN , NGUYEN VAN HIEU , HABIB SADAF , BARRETT RUSSELL L. , CHEN ZHIDUAN
Published: April 2016

Yua C.L. Li (Vitaceae), a genus previously known from China, Nepal and India, is newly recorded from Vietnam. A specimen discovered in the rainforest of Lao Cai province, northern Vietnam was identified as Yua austro-orientalis (F.P. Metcalf) C.L. Li based on both morphological and molecular data. To improve our understanding of relationships between Yua and Parthenocissus Planch., we present diagnostic characteristics for these two genera. We discuss leaf, stem and seed features used to distinguish between Y. austro-orientalis and Y. thomsonii (M.A. Lawson) C.L. Li, a species widely distributed in China, Nepal and northern India. The opportunity is taken to review the typification of all Yua taxa. A lectotype is selected for Vitis thomsonii M.A. Lawson.
Revision of fossil Metretopodidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) in Baltic amber—Part 3: Description of two new species of Siphloplecton Clemens, 1915, with notes on the re-discovered lectotype of Siphloplecton macrops (Pictet-Baraban & Hagen, 1856)
Authors: STANICZEK ARNOLD H. , GODUNKO ROMAN J.
Published: April 2016

In this contribution, we provide a complementary description of the re-discovered lectotype of Siphloplecton macrops (Pictet-Baraban & Hagen, 1856). Additionally, complementary descriptions of S. barabani Staniczek & Godunko, 2012 and S. picteti Staniczek & Godunko, 2012 based on new material are given. Two new species, S. sartorii sp. nov. and S. gattolliati sp. nov., are described from male imagines and attributed to two newly defined species groups within Siphloplecton.
Two new species of the genera Cidariplura Butler, 1879 and Oxaenanus Swinhoe, 1900 from Yunnan, China (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Herminiinae)
Authors: ZHANG XIN-YU , HAN HUI-LIN
Published: April 2016

The Herminiinae genus Cidariplura Butler, 1879 is distributed mainly in the Oriental and partially in the Palaearctic regions (Wu & Owada 2013). The characteristic features of the genus are the structure of the labial palpus, and male foretibia without sheath covering tarsus and containing a tuft of long hairs.
A new species of the spider genus Taranucnus from Ukraine (Araneae, Linyphiidae)
Authors: GNELITSA VALERY A.
Published: April 2016

Currently the linyphiid genus Taranucnus includes four species: T. setosus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1863), the type species with Palearctic distribution, T. bihari Fage, 1931 (Eastern Europe), T. nishikii Yaginuma, 1972 (Japan) and T. ornithes (Barrows, 1940)(USA). In Ukraine Taranucnus is represented by two species, T. setosus and T. bihari. A detailed study of the male mentioned earlier as Taranucnus sp. (Chumak, Prokopenko & Tymochko 2007; Prokopenko, Chumak 2007), and several females close to T. bihari Fage, 1931 revealed a new species of this genus. Since it is hard to clarify the position of some of these females we report them below as T. cf. bihari.
Review of the family Proctorenyxidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea), with description of new species from South Korea
Authors: KIM CHANG-JUN , LELEJ ARKADY S. , PARK BIA , LEE JONG-WOOK
Published: April 2016

Kozlov (1994) established a new parasitic proctotrupoid family, Renyxidae, for a single species, Renyxa incredibilis, from Primorskij Krai, in the Russian Far East. A new genus and species, Hsiufuropronia chaoi, was described from China, Beijing (Yang 1997) in the family Roproniidae. Lelej and Kozlov (1999) noticed that Renyxa was preoccupied and was initially used by Kurochkin and Slankis (1973) for a genus of flatworms (Cestoda: Litobothridae). According to Articles 39, 60 of the Code (ICZN 1999), the names of the genus and family were changed to Proctorenyxa Lelej & Kozlov, 1999 (Lelej & Kozlov 1999). He et al. (2002) transferred Hsiufuropronia from Roproniidae to Proctorenyxidae based on Yang’s original description and illustrations, and synonymized Hsiufuropronia Yang under Proctorenyxa Lelej & Kozlov. Later, He and Xu (2015) proposed that the family name Proctorenyxidae should be replaced by Hsiufuroproniidae and the genera Proctonenyxa Lelej & Kozlov and Hsiufuropronia Yang should be separate. However, the replacement name Hsiufuroproniidae contradicts article 39 of the Code (ICZN 1999).
Two new species and a new record of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from India
Authors: DAVID K. J. , RAMANI S. , WHITMORE DANIEL , RANGANATH H. R.
Published: April 2016

Two new species of Bactrocera Macquart, namely Bactrocera (Calodacus) harrietensis Ramani & David, sp. nov. and Bactrocera (Calodacus) chettalli David & Ranganath, sp. nov., are described from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Karnataka, India, respectively. Bactrocera (Zeugodacus) semongokensis Drew & Romig is recorded for the first time from India.
Asiagomphus reinhardti sp. nov. (Odonata, Gomphidae) from eastern Cambodia and southern Laos
Authors: KOSTERIN OLEG E. , YOKOI NAOTO
Published: April 2016

Asiagomphus reinhardti sp. nov. is described by two males from Annamense Mountains in eastern Cambodia (holotype: Cambodia, Mondulkiri Province, the left tributary of the main river downstream from Buu Sraa Waterfall, 12°34'01–19'' N 107°24'50''–25'03'' E, ca 450 m a.s.l., 15 vi 2014, RMNH) and southern Laos. The species is characterised by a large caudal lobe on S10 in males and a blunt medial lateroventral projection at cercus.
A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) From the Flint River Drainage in Northern Alabama and South Central Tennessee, U.S.A.
Authors: JONES DANNY R.
Published: April 2016

Examination of specimens of the crayfish species Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris and two recently described crayfish revealed the existence of an undescribed species from the Flint River watershed in northern Alabama and southern Tennessee. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) lentiginosus differs from C. longirostris, C. (Hiaticambarus) andersoni, and C. (Hiaticambarus) diupalma in aspects of carapace and chela morphology and pigmentation pattern. Cambarus (H.) lentiginosus possesses a median carina on the dorsal surface of the acumen of the rostrum, a distinctly enlarged tubercle near the base of the opposable surface of the dactyl, and a speckled pigmentation pattern over a light base color; these characters are lacking in other known Hiaticambarus species. The known range of the species is restricted to the Flint River watershed. Cambarus (H.) lentiginosus is considered Endangered using American Fisheries Society conservation categorization.
Descriptions of the immature stages and new host plant records of Notozulia entreriana (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) pests of grasses in subtropical areas of the Americas
Authors: FOIERI ALVARO , LENICOV ANA M. MARINO DE REMES , VIRLA EDUARDO G.
Published: April 2016

Notozulia entreriana (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) is one of the most common spittlebugs inhabiting the subtropical region of the America, inflicting important economic damage to grass crops. The immature stages are described and illustrated; the main characteristics that distinguish instars are the body size, color, number of flagellomeres, and number of tibial and metatarsomere spines. A key for identification of nymphs is provided as a tool to develop field studies.  Nine host plants, all belonging to Poaceae, are recorded as breeding and feeding host plants from different localities in northern Argentina.
Diplosmittia caribensis, a new Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from the Dominican Republic
Authors: WIEDENBRUG SOFIA , SILVA FABIO LAURINDO DA
Published: April 2016

The genus Diplosmittia was erected by Sæther (1981) based on Diplosmittia harrisoni from St. Lucia and St. Vincent in the British West Indies. Prior to the present study the genus comprised nine species, all except D. carinata Sæther were known only from Neotropical Region (Ashe & O’Connor, 2012). During sampling in the surroundings of a highly organic polluted river, in the National Botanical Garden in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, the present second author collected several imagines of Diplosmittia that did not fit any taxon treated in the recent review of the genus (Pinho et al. 2009). In the present paper, the male of this new species is described and illustrated.
First record of Calycina Blair, 1922 (Coleoptera, Mordellidae) in the Russian Far East with description of a new species
Authors: RUZZIER ENRICO , KOVALEV ALEXEY V.
Published: April 2016

The genus Calycina Blair, 1922 (Mordellinae, Mordellini) is one of the most fascinating and enigmatic genera of Mordellidae. The genus exhibits a pantropical distribution: one species with two subspecies in South America (Horák 1999; Leblanc 2013), one species in Africa (Horák 1999), three species in Southeast Asia (Horák 1999) and two species in the Papuan Region (Horák 1999; Ruzzier 2013). All species are known from only a few specimens, almost exclusively females, and appear to be generally very rare. Only Calycina major Nomura, 1967 and Calycina nigroapicalis Nomura, 1967 reach the Palearctic Region (Horák 2008; Ruzzier 2013) and no other species have been recorded from higher latitudes. The opportunity to study specimens from the Primorye region (Russian Far East) allowed the authors to identify a new species that is described below.
Modeling of Precipitable Water Vapor Using an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System in the Absence of the GPS Network
Authors: Suparta Wayan , Alhasa Kemal Maulana
Published: April 2016

This paper constructs an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model to estimate precipitable water vapor (PWV) in Southeast Asia, particularly in the Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Singapore region. The input to the model is developed using the surface pressure, temperature, and relative humidity. The models are trained and tested using PWV values derived from the global positioning system (GPS). The data used are for May 2012 taken at the Nanyang Technology University of Singapore (NTUS) and Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kinabalu (UMSK); and for February 2009 taken at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi (UKMB). The validation process is conducted using June 2012 data for NTUS and UMSK and March 2009 data for UKMB. The performance the ANFIS model is compared with a multilayer perceptron (MLP), Elman neural networks, and multiple linear regression (MLR) models. Results from validations at the three stations showed that the ANFIS model performed well as compared with MLP, Elman neural networks, and MLR, with a mean absolute error of 0.015 mm, a percent error of 0.028%, and root-mean-square error of 0.019 mm. These results suggest that the ANFIS model is a promising approach for estimating PWV values that is cost effective, continuous, and potentially useful for meteorological applications.
Influence of the Summer NAO on the Spring-NAO-Based Predictability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Zheng Fei , Li Jianping , Li Yanjie , Zhao Sen , Deng Difei
Published: April 2016

The dominant mode of atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic region is the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The boreal spring NAO may imprint its signal on contemporaneous sea surface temperature (SST), leading to a North Atlantic SST tripolar pattern (NAST). This pattern persists into the following summer and modulates the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Previous studies have shown that the summer NAST is caused mainly by the preceding spring NAO, whereas the contemporaneous summer NAO plays a secondary role. The results of this study illustrate that, even if the summer NAO plays a secondary role, it may also perturb summer SST anomalies caused by the spring NAO. There are two types of perturbation caused by the summer NAO. If the spring and summer NAO patterns have the same (opposite) polarities, the summer NAST tends to be enhanced (reduced) by the summer NAO, and the correlation between the spring NAO and EASM is usually stronger (weaker). In the former (latter) case, the spring-NAO-based prediction of the EASM tends to have better (limited) skill. These results indicate that it is important to consider the evolution of the NAO when forecasting the EASM, particular when there is a clear reversal in the polarity of the NAO, because it may impair the spring-NAO-based EASM prediction.
Response of the Superparameterized Madden–Julian Oscillation to Extreme Climate and Basic-State Variation Challenges a Moisture Mode View
Authors: Pritchard Michael S. , Yang Da
Published: April 2016

The climate sensitivity of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is measured across a broad range of temperatures (1°–35°C) using a convection-permitting global climate model with homogenous sea surface temperatures. An MJO-like signal is found to be resilient in all simulations. These results are used to investigate two ideas related to the modern “moisture mode” view of MJO dynamics. The first hypothesis is that the MJO has dynamics analogous to a form of radiative convective self-aggregation in which longwave energy maintenance mechanisms shut down for SST ≪ 25°C. Inconsistent with this hypothesis, the explicitly simulated MJO survives cooling and retains leading moist static energy (MSE) budget terms associated with longwave destabilization even at SST < 10°C. Thus, if the MJO is a form of longwave-assisted self-aggregation, it is not one that is temperature critical, as is observed in some cases of radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE) self-aggregation. The second hypothesis is that the MJO is propagated by horizontal advection of column MSE. Inconsistent with this view, the simulated MJO survives reversal of meridional moisture gradients in the basic state and a striking role for horizontal MSE advection in its propagation energy budget cannot be detected. Rather, its eastward motion is balanced by vertical MSE advection reminiscent of gravity or Kelvin wave dynamics. These findings could suggest a tight relation between the MJO and classic equatorial waves, which would tend to challenge moisture mode views of MJO dynamics that assume horizontal moisture advection as the MJO’s propagator. The simulation suite provides new opportunities for testing predictions from MJO theory across a broad climate regime.
Commentary: Records, Relationships, and Reentries
Authors: Uggen Christopher
Published: April 2016

This commentary highlights some of the key lessons from the preceding articles by Sarah Lageson on online criminal histories and Robert Apel on cohabitation and marriage. To provide additional perspectives on institutions and families, it draws briefly on interview data from the Minnesota Exits and Entries Project, comparing the reentry experiences of 18- to 25-year-olds leaving prisons, jails, the armed forces, the juvenile justice system, foster care, drug treatment, and mental health facilities. While the prison surely ranks among the most salient institutions for U.S. families today and as such merits close scrutiny, there is also great benefit in “escaping prison”: considering how the justice system might productively import or borrow ideas and programs from other institutional domains. In collectively showing how specific punishment conditions affect family life, we can provide the research base needed to help institutions better support individuals and families.
Families at the Intersection of the Criminal Justice and Child Protective Services Systems
Authors: Berger Lawrence M. , Cancian Maria , Cuesta Laura , Noyes Jennifer L.
Published: April 2016

The prevalence of incarceration in the United States is increasingly well known. The prevalence of family involvement with child protective services (CPS) is less understood, though, and there is limited research examining links between incarceration and CPS involvement. Here, we describe the incidence and prevalence of incarceration and CPS involvement in the United States and outline reasons that the same individuals and families may be at risk for involvement in both systems. We then use unique longitudinal data from Wisconsin to describe intergenerational and intragenerational overlap in the two systems. Specifically, we calculate (1) the proportion of all CPS-involved children who have an incarcerated parent; (2) the proportion of incarcerated adults who have a CPS-involved child; (3) the proportion of incarcerated young men and women who were involved in the CPS system as adolescents; and (4) the proportion of CPS-involved adolescents who subsequently became incarcerated. We conclude with a discussion of directions for future research and implications for practice and policy.
Surveys, Records, and the Study of Incarceration in Families
Authors: Geller Amanda , Jaeger Kate , Pace Garrett T.
Published: April 2016

More than 2 million American children have a parent incarcerated, making the consequences of parental incarceration for families a critical concern. A growing literature documents significant challenges not only among incarcerated men, but also among their spouses, partners, and children. Much remains to be learned about these experiences, however; and the data available for doing so are limited. In this article, we demonstrate how the quality of available data on paternal incarceration can be improved by supplementing a leading population-based survey of families with administrative records on criminal history from a state criminal justice agency. This administrative supplement provides only a low-end estimate of the extent of criminal justice involvement in our sample, but still increases the number of fathers identified with criminal histories by more than 20 percent. Building on such a supplement—in our current survey or future ones—could improve the identification of justice-involved fathers on a broader scale.
The Uses and Impacts of Mobile Computing Technology in Hot Spots Policing
Authors: Koper Christopher S. , Lum Cynthia , Hibdon Julie
Published: April 2016

Background:

Recent technological advances have much potential for improving police performance, but there has been little research testing whether they have made police more effective in reducing crime.

Objective:

To study the uses and crime control impacts of mobile computing technology in the context of geographically focused “hot spots” patrols.

Research Design:

An experiment was conducted using 18 crime hot spots in a suburban jurisdiction. Nine of these locations were randomly selected to receive additional patrols over 11 weeks. Researchers studied officers’ use of mobile information technology (IT) during the patrols using activity logs and interviews. Nonrandomized subgroup and multivariate analyses were employed to determine if and how the effects of the patrols varied based on these patterns.

Results:

Officers used mobile computing technology primarily for surveillance and enforcement (e.g., checking automobile license plates and running checks on people during traffic stops and field interviews), and they noted both advantages and disadvantages to its use. Officers did not often use technology for strategic problem-solving and crime prevention. Given sufficient (but modest) dosages, the extra patrols reduced crime at the hot spots, but this effect was smaller in places where officers made greater use of technology.

Conclusions:

Basic applications of mobile computing may have little if any direct, measurable impact on officers’ ability to reduce crime in the field. Greater training and emphasis on strategic uses of IT for problem-solving and crime prevention, and greater attention to its behavioral effects on officers, might enhance its application for crime reduction.
The Italian Risorgimento and Sicilian Popular Balladry: The Problem of ‘Deep Images’ and Popular Reception
Authors: Kehoe Ben
Published: April 2016

The recent cultural history of the Italian Risorgimento has claimed that it was a ‘mass movement’ which affected the lives of a far greater number of soon-to-be Italians than traditional revisionist and Marxist narratives have assumed. This new history has, however, left certain questions unanswered. There has still been little attempt to explore popular receptions of national discourses, and what Risorgimento politics meant to the mass of ‘ordinary' people who lived through these seismic changes. This paper seeks to explore the ways in which one particular Risorgimento audience – the rural and urban illiterate of the province of Palermo – responded to, and attempted to make sense of, national-patriotic discourses which were articulated through ephemeral street literature and the oratory of Giuseppe Garibaldi in Palermo. This research makes use of the textual transcriptions of popular oral balladry, collected and published by Sicilian folk-scholars at the end of the nineteenth century, to investigate how the people of Palermo received and internalized discourses on Italian nationhood. An analysis of the language of these song-texts reveals that much of the imagery and symbolism of Italian nationhood, elaborated through various discursive practices, was rebuffed and the traditional, familiar idiom of popular culture was employed in the representation of the events of 1860. This paper will propose that oral culture possessed its own internal and autonomous set of images and narrative features, and that people’s receptions of official-patriotic discourses were shaped by the familiar descriptive norms of popular balladry.
The Triumph of ‘Normality’, Social Attitudes, Popular Opinion and the Construction of the Franco Regime in Post-War Rural Spain (1936–1952)
Authors: Hernández Burgos Claudio
Published: April 2016

As with other non-democratic regimes, the study of social attitudes has become one of the main themes used to explain the birth, consolidation and durability of the Franco dictatorship. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how the outlook adopted by ordinary Spaniards favoured the consolidation of the Franco regime during the post-war period. It does this by highlighting the importance of examining popular opinion at the local level, where state agents and members of society came into daily contact. By analysing social attitudes towards hunger and poverty, guerrilla activities and Spain’s diplomatic isolation, the article reveals a measure of tepid support for the regime. Together with the punishment of the defeated and the collaboration of regime supporters, the unenthusiastic but accepting opinions held by the majority of Spanish people were crucial to underpinning the regime ‘from below’. To these groups, the survival of dictatorship seemed to be the only solution that would avoid political confrontation and would allow people to live a ‘peaceful’ existence.