bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application Value of Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound in Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Wang Yanju , Liang Lihua , Liu Yingfeng , Li Peipei , Ren Jie
Published: August 2022

In this study, the application value of three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3D-PDU) in fetal growth restriction (FGR) is explored. The retrospective cohort study enrolled pregnant women (with a gestational week of 11–13 + 6 weeks) who received routine health care in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021. The placentae were scanned using 3D-PDU, and the subjects were followed up until delivery. The fetuses were divided into the control group (n = 322) and FGR group (n = 44) according to their birth weight. There was no significant difference in nuchal translucency (NT), crown-rump length (CRL), and placental volume (PV) during the first trimester between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). Compared with the control group, the FGR group showed significantly lower levels of vascularisation index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularisation flow index (VFI) and a higher incidence of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia (

P
<
0.05

). The FGR group showed a longer gestational week at birth, a higher probability of cesarean section, and a lower 5-minute Apgar score than the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The VI, FI, and VFI of the control group were significantly higher than those of the FGR group. Pearson analysis showed that birth weight was positively correlated with VI and FI (

P
<
0.05

). 3D-PDU assesses the blood perfusion of the fetus and placenta in the first trimester and predicts the pregnancy outcome, which shows great potential in the early diagnosis of FGR.
College Students’ Mental Health Support Based on Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Xu Zengliu
Published: August 2022

There are some problems in the active participation of college students in ideological and mental health support services in China, such as low attention, low participation, and high data redundancy. Based on this, this paper studies the active participation of college students’ ideological and mental health support service based on fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm. Compared with the disadvantages of the current mainstream discrete optimization analysis models on mental health (such as high‐dimensional enterprise model, Dajiaweikang model, and short‐range group control model), which need to set the known data gradient interval, this paper creatively adopts the fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm, based on the characteristics of different types of college students’ ideological and mental health problems. Combined with the improved star discrete analysis model, this paper constructs the active participatory evaluation strategy of college students’ ideological and mental health support services. On this basis, the model can not only record and store the participatory data of ideological and mental health support for students of different grades but also match and track different types of data based on special framework conditions, so as to achieve numerical normal analysis and directional matching for the data coupling mode of college students’ ideological and mental health support services. On the other hand, the Planck constant factor is used to classify different types of ideological and psychological factor data, and combined with the idea of fuzzy clustering, the hierarchical analysis and quantitative calibration of different types of data groups are realized, so as to improve the reliability and authenticity of the active participation in college students’ mental health support services. The results show that this star discrete analysis model can analyze the active participation of college students’ ideological and mental health support services according to the data matching degree of different levels and can effectively improve the analysis efficiency of data vectors. Compared with the traditional research methods on the active participation of college students’ ideological and mental health support services, this method can realize the matching and tracking of different types of data, so as to make a numerical and normal analysis on the data coupling mode of college students’ ideological and mental health support services.
KIF11 Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Thyroid Cancer Treatment
Authors: Han Yue , Chen Jing , Wei Dianjun , Wang Baoxi
Published: August 2022

Objective. To assess KIF11 expression in human thyroid tumor tissues and further evaluate its involvement in thyroid cancer. Methods. The expression of KIF11 in 71 cases of thyroid carcinoma as well as corresponding tissues was detected by the immunohistochemical (IHC) method. Patients were divided into the high KIF11 expression as well as low expression groups based on the staining levels. In addition, to study the relationship between the expression of KIF11 as well as clinicopathological features, the effects of KIF11 were detected on the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of two types of thyroid cancer cells, TPC-1 and KTC-1, through colony formation assays, MTT assays, and FCM assays, respectively. We further assessed the potential effects of KIF11 on tumor growth using an animal model. Results. The significantly high expression of KIF11 in thyroid tumor tissues was revealed, and the correlations between KIF11 expression levels as well as clinical pathological features (T stage and intraglandular dissemination) of patients were revealed. We further noticed that KIF11 knockdown remarkably suppressed thyroid cancer cell proliferation as well as induced cell apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells. Additionally, KIF11 contributed to tumor growth of thyroid cancer cells in mice. Conclusions. We noticed the involvement of KIF11 in the progression of thyroid cancer.
A Binary Medium Model for Frozen Silty Sand Simplified by Breakage Parameter
Authors: Zhang Shuming , Jiang Guanlu , Cai Junfeng , Ye Xiongwei , Luo Bin , Yuan Shengyang
Published: August 2022

In order to investigate the strength-deformation characteristics of frozen silty sand, the triaxial compressive strength tests of saturated frozen silty sand under different fine particle contents were carried out, and the binary medium theory was introduced to interpret the stress-strain relationship. Due to the characteristics of the existing binary medium model with many parameters and complicated determination method, a simplified binary medium model based on breakage parameter is proposed. The derived model was verified by the triaxial tests of frozen silty sand. The results show that the stress-strain relationship can be divided into three stages with the increase of axial strain, namely, linear elastic deformation stage, plastic deformation stage, and strain softening stage. All three stages can be well explained by the transformation theory of bonded element and frictional element with the binary medium model. In the linear elastic deformation stage, the external stress is mainly borne by the bonded element. In the plastic deformation stage, the stress sharing ratio of the bonded element decreases and that of the frictional element increases. In the strain softening stage, the stress sharing ratio of the bonded element decreases rapidly, while that of the frictional element increases rapidly. Under the same confining pressure, both deviator stress and the maximum values of bulk expansion decrease, while the shear strength decreases linearly with the increase of fine particle content. By comparing the measured deviator stress in triaxial test with the calculated values of binary medium constitutive model simplified by breakage parameter, the proposed model can better simulate the stress-strain relationship of frozen silty sand. The results of the study can provide some theoretical reference for the constitutive model of seasonal frozen soil.
Using IoT Protocols in Real-Time Systems: Protocol Analysis and Evaluation of Data Transmission Characteristics
Authors: Gavrilov Andrei , Bergaliyev Marlen , Tinyakov Sergey , Krinkin Kirill , Popov Pavel
Published: August 2022

In the Internet of things, many data transfer protocols are used for various tasks. In this article, we consider the application layer protocols that are the main ones for transmitting messages in the IoT. The main problems are unpredictability, lack of stability of data transmission delays, and non-determinism, which are also important for real-time systems. The purpose of this study is to determine the most appropriate middleware and data transfer protocol for systems with high data transfer requirements, including real-time systems. Therefore, MQTT, RTPS, JMS, and AMQP protocols were analyzed in order to find out what tasks these protocols should be used for and whether they can be used in robotic and autonomous systems where high data transmission requirements are imposed. To evaluate the protocols, the standards were analyzed to determine the pros and cons, and the software implementations of each of them were selected. To assess the characteristics of data transmission, we have developed our own test scenarios that simulate complex situations. The behavior of software solutions is analyzed and a comparative analysis is made based on the obtained data. Together, the theoretical analysis of protocols and the study of software solutions allow us to conclude on the applicability of a particular protocol in real-time systems. As a result of the study, we can conclude that RTPS is the best solution for real-time systems with different traffic and MQTT performs well when transmitting short messages. But none of the protocols under consideration guarantees the determinism of data transmission, so it is better to use specialized link-layer protocols to obtain guarantees.
The Application Value and Influence of Integrated Nursing of Operating Room and Disinfection Supply Center Combined with 6Sigma Management in Operating Room Instruments
Authors: Zhu Xiaomin , Xu Ying , Hu Xuefei , Ye Hong , Xiao Jun
Published: August 2022

In this study, 897 surgical instruments used for comprehensive management of hand supply from January to December 2019 were selected as the control group. Similarly, 1086 surgical instruments administered with 6Sigma from January to December 2020 were selected as the observation group. By observing and comparing the differences between the two groups of patients in the operating room equipment cleaning pass rate and general indicators, other related pass rate, operating room equipment defects, and doctors’ satisfaction with equipment, to explore the application value and influence of comprehensive nursing in operating room and disinfection supply center combined with 6Sigma management in operating room equipment management. The results show that the application of hand-supply integration combined with 6Sigma management has a good effect on operating room equipment management, which significantly improves the qualified rate of operating room equipment cleaning and the satisfaction of doctors to the equipment, and reduces the defects of operating room equipment, which has a certain reference value for operating room equipment management.
[Retracted] The Spread, Rise, and Fall of University Students’ Interconnected Internet Public Opinion in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Wang Meng
Published: August 2022

With the interconnected network’s quick growth and widespread adoption, it has only made sense that it would serve as a hub for the dissemination of ideologies and cultural information as well as an amplifier for public opinion. The world is dualistic. The popularity of the connected network has both positive and negative effects on society. It makes people’s lives more convenient, but it also has some drawbacks. Public opinion will quickly build up on the interconnected network as network communication becomes a significant method of disseminating social information, and the number of public opinion events on the interconnected network will also rise. Accurately understanding the law of higher education students’ online public opinion to effectively direct and utilise online public opinion to carry out ideological education for students and to realise the establishment of students' good values, mental health, and behavioural norms, it is necessary to understand how to spread and rise and fall in the era of big data work. The parameter inversion model of online public opinion is established in this article based on the aforementioned issues. The parameter inversion algorithm is used to calculate the trend value of online public opinion, and the degree of fitting between the trend value of actual data and the trend value of parameter inversion is compared. The study discovered that the experiment’s fitting value is as high as 90%. The model’s prediction of the overall trend of the event development is correct, indicating that the model parameters are inverted, even though the actual public opinion data are affected by a variety of random factors, so some deviations may occur at local points. The internal law of the evolution of events that spread public opinion has been discovered, and it can be used to accurately describe the evolution and development of the public opinion dissemination process as it is driven by its internal mechanism. In the age of big data, this article analyses and summarises the rise, fall, and distribution of online public opinion among students at institutions of higher education. It also serves as a guide for monitoring and directing online public opinion in colleges and other institutions of higher education.
Very Delayed Perforation after Esophageal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Intralesional Triamcinolone Injection
Authors: Iwatsubo Taro , Takeuchi Toshihisa , Lee Sang-Woong , Kawaguchi Shinpei , Ota Kazuhiro , Kojima Yuichi , Higuchi Kazuhide
Published: August 2022

We report a case of delayed perforation following esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). A patient with Parkinson’s disease presented with two superficial carcinomatous lesions in the middle third of the esophagus. ESD was performed, and 4/5 of the esophageal circumference was resected, including the adjacent lesion area. Immediately post-ESD, triamcinolone acetonide was injected into the submucosa underlying the ulcer to prevent scarring and stenosis. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed squamous cell carcinoma limited to the lamina propria with negative margins. Seventeen days post-ESD, the patient experienced sudden-onset chest pain during a meal. Computed tomography showed pneumomediastinum, which indicated a delayed perforation. We immediately performed subtotal esophagectomy. A sharply torn longitudinal perforation was present in the post-ESD ulcer. Delayed perforation after esophageal ESD is extremely rare. In this case, the perforation might have been caused by food impaction and delayed ulcer healing due to triamcinolone injection.
Transient Elastography and Serum-Based Tests for Diagnosis of Fatty Liver and Advanced Fibrosis in a Community Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Le Michael H. , Henry Linda , Cheung Ramsey , Nguyen Mindie H.
Published: August 2022

Background: Noninvasive tests (NITs) are necessary for knowing the true prevalence of fatty liver (FL) and advanced fibrosis. NITs for diagnosis of FL and fibrosis were compared. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Examination Survey (2017–2018). Participants were excluded with other liver diseases, missing data for NIT calculation, and/or excessive alcohol use. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) compared the accuracy of 4 FL NITs (CAP, HSI, FLI, USFLI) among themselves and to CAP value of 285 dB/m and 5 fibrosis NITs (transient elastography, APRI, NFS, FIB-4, HEPAmet) among themselves and to LSM ≥8.7 kPa. Results: Among 2,051 participants (average age 47 (±17.7), 48% males, 62% white, 73% overweight/obese, 39% metabolic syndrome), demographics were similar among NIT groups (CAP = 812; HSI = 1,234; FLI = 935; USFLI-824). FL prevalence by NIT: 39% CAP, 58% HSI, 47% FLI, 37% USFLI. Advanced fibrosis prevalence by test: LSM (≥8.7 kPa) 10–14%; FIB-4 (≥2.67) and APRI (≥0.7) 1.3–2.7%; HEPAmet (>0.47) 14–21%. Compared to CAP ≥285, FLI (AUROC = 0.823) and USFLI (AUROC = 0.833) performed better than HSI (AUROC: 0.798). Compared to LSM ≥8.7 kPa, only NFS (AUROC = 0.722) performed well (FIB-4 AUROC = 0.606; APRI = 0.647; HEPAmet = 0.629). Among the CAP cohort, the strongest FL predictor was obesity (OR: 15.2, 95% CI: 7.97–28.9, p < 0.001); the only fibrosis predictor was elevated AST (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00–1.12, p = 0.04). The addition of CAP or LSM as a second NIT reduced the number of indeterminate patients especially for FL. Conclusions: Regardless of diagnostic method in 2017–2018, the prevalence of NAFLD was >35%. NITs for FL performed well but not for advanced fibrosis. CAP and LSM as a second NIT reduced those considered indeterminate.
Sequential Interventions for Major Depression and Heart Failure Self-Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Freedland Kenneth E. , Skala Judith A. , Carney Robert M. , Steinmeyer Brian C. , Rubin Eugene H. , Rich Michael W.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Major depression and inadequate self-care are common in patients with heart failure (HF). Little is known about how to intervene when both problems are present. This study examined the efficacy of a sequential approach to treating these problems.

Methods:

Stepped Care for Depression in HF was a single-site, single-blind, randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) versus usual care (UC) for major depression in patients with HF. The intensive phase of the CBT intervention lasted between 8 and 16 weeks, depending upon the rate of improvement in depression. All participants received a tailored HF self-care intervention that began 8 weeks after randomization. The intensive phase of the self-care intervention ended at 16 weeks post-randomization. The coprimary outcome measures were the Beck Depression Inventory (version 2) and the Maintenance scale of the Self-Care of HF Index (v6.2) at week 16.

Results:

One hundred thirty-nine patients with HF and major depression were enrolled; 70 were randomized to UC and 69 to CBT. At week 16, the patients in the CBT arm scored 4.0 points ([95% CI, −7.3 to −0.8];
P
=0.02) lower on the Beck Depression Inventory, version 2 than those in the usual care arm. Mean scores on the Self-Care of HF Index Maintenance scale were not significantly different between the groups ([95% CI, −6.5 to 1.5];
P
=0.22).

Conclusions:

CBT is more effective than usual care for major depression in patients with HF. However, initiating CBT before starting a tailored HF self-care intervention does not increase the benefit of the self-care intervention.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02997865.
Safety and Efficacy of Radial Versus Femoral Artery Access for Mechanical Thrombectomy Procedures Following Intravenous Administration of Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Catapano Joshua S. , Rumalla Kavelin , Farhadi Dara S. , Parikh Parth P. , Nguyen Brandon A. , Rutledge Caleb , Srinivasan Visish M. , Baranoski Jacob F. , Cole Tyler S. , Winkler Ethan A. , Desai Shashvat M. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Jadhav Ashutosh P.
Published: August 2022

Background

The transradial artery (TRA) approach for neuroendovascular procedures is a safe and effective alternative to the transfemoral artery (TFA) approach. We compared the efficiency and periprocedural outcomes of TRA and TFA approaches for acute stroke interventions in patients receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients at a large cerebrovascular center from January 1, 2014, to March 31, 2021. Baseline characteristics, periprocedural efficiency and efficacy, and in‐hospital outcomes were compared between intervention cohorts (TRA and TFA).

Results

Of 314 patients analyzed, 21 (7%) underwent a TRA approach and 293 (93%) underwent a TFA approach. Complications occurred in one (5%) of 21 patients in the TRA cohort and 20 (7%) of 293 patients in the TFA cohort. Access site complications were present in 12 (4%) patients with TFA, and no patients with TRA experienced access site complications. The mean length of stay was significantly longer for the TFA cohort (8.8 days [standard deviation, 8.5 days]) versus the TRA cohort (4.8 days [standard deviation, 2.9 days]) (P=0.02). Linear regression analysis showed that femoral access, Medicaid insurance, and discharge National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score >10 predicted longer length of stay (P≤0.046). However, when the time to initial physical or occupational therapy session was added to the model, access site was no longer significant (P=0.42).

Conclusion

The TRA approach may reduce periprocedural complications and hospital length of stay compared with the TFA approach. The shorter length of stay associated with TRA access appeared to be associated with earlier initiation of physical or occupational therapies.
Contemporary Results of Bare Platinum Coil Embolization for Wide‐Necked Ruptured Aneurysms: A Subset Analysis of the SMART Registry
Authors: Sattur Mithun G. , Woodward Britton Keith , Park Min S. , Bellon Richard , Zaidat Osama O. , Spiotta Alejandro M. ,   the SMART Registry Investigators
Published: August 2022

Background

Rupture status and presence of a wide neck are important factors that adversely impact angiographic occlusion after endovascular coiling. A potential strategy to improve occlusion rates in wide‐necked, ruptured aneurysms (WNRA) is modification of coil technology.

Methods

WNRA were chosen from the SMART registry that comprises 905 intracranial aneurysms treated with SMART bare platinum coils (Penumbra Inc., Alameda, USA) in the US and Canada. WNRA were defined as neck ≥4 mm, dome‐to‐neck ratio <2, or both. Clinical and angiographic data at presentation and follow‐up were assessed. Outcomes included adequate occlusion rate (Raymond–Roy occlusion class I or II), occlusion at 1 year, and good functional outcome (modified Rankin score 0–2) at 1 year. Angiographic outcome was compared for neck≥4 mm versus <4 mm.

Results

A total of 143 patients (mean age 59.3, 74.1% female) with 143 WNRA were included. Median aneurysm size was 5.8 mm. 46.2% had a neck≥4 mm. Balloon remodeling was used in 35.7% (51/143) and stents in 10.5% (15/143). Intraoperative thromboembolic complication rate was 7.0% (10/143). Overall immediate adequate occlusion rate was 78.3% (112/143); postprocedure occlusion rates were lower (62.1%, 41/66 versus 92.2%, 71/77) for aneurysms with necks ≥4 mm than those with necks <4 mm. At 1 year follow‐up, adequate occlusion was achieved in 82.4% (75/91) patients. Aneurysm occlusion improved in 31.9% (29/91) but worsened in 20.9% (19/91) of all patients at 1 year. Retreatment rate among patients who completed the study was 20.2% (20/99). One instance of intraoperative rupture (0.7%) was noted. Good functional outcome was achieved in 57.7% (41/71).

Conclusion

These results suggest that successful embolization of WNRA with new generation SMART coils can be achieved safely. WNRA continue to require assistive techniques at presentation and also retreatment over time. In addition, neck width may have an adverse impact on angiographic outcome.
The Influences of Political Affiliation and Weather-Related Impacts on Climate Change Adaptation in U.S. Cities
Authors: Gurney Rachel M. , Meng Sisi , Rumschlag Samantha , Hamlet Alan F.
Published: August 2022

This study examines the influences of state and local political affiliation and local exposure to weather-related impacts on local government climate change adaptation efforts in 88 U.S. cities. Although climate adaptation takes place when cities replace critical infrastructure damaged by severe weather events, little is known about the influence of political affiliation and severe weather events on climate adaptation in a broader sense. Using multiple linear regression models, this study analyzes variations in local government climate adaptation efforts as a function of local gross domestic product (as a control variable), historical weather-related factors [i.e., number of extreme weather events, weather-related economic impact due to property damage, and weather-related human impact (injuries and fatalities)], and state and local political affiliation. The findings of this study indicate that local political affiliation significantly influences local government climate adaptation efforts; however, state political affiliation does not. Further, local weather-related impacts do not appear to affect the likelihood of local government to engage in climate adaptation efforts, even when accounting for potential interactions with local political affiliation. These results support the hypothesis that local political affiliation is a strong and robust predictor of local climate adaptation in U.S. cities. This study contributes to literature aimed at addressing the widely acknowledged need for understanding key barriers to U.S. climate adaptation, as well as the role of politics in moderating climate action.
Vitamin D status in pregnancy and childhood associates with intelligence quotient at age 7 years: An Odense child cohort study
Authors: Cantio Emily , Bilenberg Niels , Nørgaard Signe Monrad , Beck Iben Have , Möller Sören , Cantio Cathriona , Jensen Tina Kold , Mortensen Nicoline Bebe , Rasmussen Asta , Christesen Henrik Boye Thybo
Published: August 2022

Objectives:

Animal studies indicate a key role for vitamin D in brain development and function, but observational studies in humans only suggests a borderline positive association between prenatal vitamin D exposure and cognitive development in the offspring. Knowledge gaps include insights in exposure time window and differences by sex for the association. We aimed to investigate the association between blood concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measured at four different time points and intelligence quotient score at the age of 7 years, including analyses spilt by child sex.

Methods:

In Odense child cohort, we included 1404 mother–child pairs with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D data from early pregnancy to age 7 years. Full-scale intelligence quotient was assessed with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – fifth edition. Associations were adjusted for maternal education, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational age, sex and head circumference. Subanalyses stratified by sex were performed.

Results:

The median (interquartile range) serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in cord was 45.88 (31.15–61.08) nmol/L; early pregnancy, 66.45 (51.29–78.74); late pregnancy, 79.13 (59.69–97.31); 7 years, 66.29 (53.45–80.23) nmol/L. The mean (standard deviation) full-scale intelligence quotient was 99.44 (11.98). In adjusted analyses, cord serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol/L was associated with 2.2 points lower full-scale intelligence quotient compared to the reference (50–75 nmol/L) in boys, β = –2.2; 95% confidence interval = [−4.3, –0.1], p = 0.039. The same association with full-scale intelligence quotient was found for early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, β = –2.5 [−4.6, –0.3], p = 0.025, primarily driven by an association in boys, β = –4.0 [−7.2, –0.8], p = 0.015; and for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at 7 years in girls, β = –3.0 [−6.0, –0.1], p = 0.042.

Conclusion:

In this cohort, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol/L in both early gestation and cord blood in boys and current serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol/L in girls were independent risk factors for two to four points lower full-scale intelligence quotient at the age of 7 years. Vulnerability to hypovitaminosis D, especially in pregnancy, may relate to child sex.
Efficacy of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation as a Display Modality Dissociated from Self-Orientation
Authors: Smith Kieran J. , Datta Abhishek , Burkhart Cody , Clark Torin K.
Published: August 2022

Objective

We propose and assess galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) as a novel means to provide information dissociated from self-orientation.

Background

In modern user interfaces, visual and auditory modalities dominate information transfer so much that these “processing channels” become overloaded with information. Fortunately, the brain is capable of processing separate sensory sources in parallel enabling alternative display modalities to inform operators more effectively and without increasing cognitive strain. To date, the vestibular system, normally responsible for sensing self-orientation and helping with balance, has not been considered as a display modality.

Method

Bilateral GVS was provided at 0.6 mA for 1-second intervals with moderately high-frequency sinusoidal waveforms, designed to not elicit sensations of self-motion. We assessed subjects’ ability to differentiate between two cues of different frequencies.

Results

We found subjects were able to reliably distinguish between cues with an average just-noticeable difference threshold of only ±12 Hz (range across subjects: 5.4–19.6 Hz) relative to a pedestal cue of 50 Hz. Further, we found the GVS sensory modality to be robust to various environments: walking, standing, sitting, passive motion, and loud background noise. Finally, the application of the GVS cues did not have significant destabilizing effects when standing or walking.

Conclusion

These results show that GVS may be an effective alternative display modality, using varying frequency to encode information. It is robust to various operational environments and non-destabilizing.

Application

A fully functional display can convey information to operators of vehicles and other machinery as well as high-performance operators like astronauts and soldiers.
Warning model of new energy vehicle under improving time-to-rollover with neural network
Authors: Chao Pei-Pei , Zhang Rui-Yuan , Wang Yi-Die , Tang Hong , Dai Hong-Liang
Published: August 2022

The probability of electric vehicle rollover accident can be effectively reduced by shortening the prediction time interval and improving the prediction accuracy. Based on a multilayer neural network, an improved time-to-rollover method is presented in this paper. Firstly, the force model of vehicle rollover is established and analyzed where the structure and mass of a battery box have an important influence on the occurrence of rollover. Then, the rollover indexes considering hyperparameters are divided into five categories, and the multi-layer neural network is used to simplify the algorithm structure of the time to rollover, and quickly calculate the operating state parameters with a variation step size in real time. Finally, the influence of the hyperparameters on the prediction results of neural network is studied, and higher efficiency is obtained by comparing with traditional methods.
Aligning Global Efforts for a Carbon Neutral World: The Race to Zero Campaign
Authors: Sevil Angel , Muñoz Gonzalo , Godoy-Faúndez Alex
Published: August 2022

According to the United Nations, in order to avoid some of the worst outcomes of climate change, the world must achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050 at the very latest. That is the aim of the Race to Zero Campaign. Since 2019, more than 10,000 organizations around the world have embraced Race to Zero, which has been able to successfully create a relevant, global, and diverse cross-sector partnership, tearing down the barriers that have emerged from uncertainty. Building on three key cross-partnership elements (strategic, institutional, and learning), combined with the uncertainties faced by the partners, we describe the resources and activities that have made that possible.
Does Disclosure of Advertising Spending Help Investors and Analysts?
Authors: Moon Sungkyun , Tuli Kapil R. , Mukherjee Anirban
Published: August 2022

Publicly listed firms have discretion to disclose (or not) advertising spending in their annual (10-K) reports. The disclosure of advertising spending can provide valuable information because advertising is a leading indicator of future performance. However, estimates of advertising spending are available from data providers, arguably mitigating the need for its formal disclosure. This article argues that firms’ disclosure of advertising spending provides more complete and public information and therefore lowers investor uncertainty about future firm performance (idiosyncratic risk). Empirical analyses show that the effect is largely driven by the negative effect of disclosure of advertising spending on analyst uncertainty. Consistent with agency theory, the negative effect of the disclosure of advertising spending on analyst uncertainty is stronger for firms with more financial resources, firms with lower disclosure quality, and firms that are in more competitive industries. Additional analyses show that the disclosure of advertising spending has a significant positive effect on firm value in specific sectors. These results, therefore, identify an avenue for chief marketing officers to play a greater role in managing investor relations. In addition, they suggest strong merit for the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Financial Accounting Standards Board to reconsider current regulations governing advertising spending disclosure.
Association Between Cross-Limb Transfer and Practice Organization
Authors: Fernandes Lidiane A. , Apolinário-Souza Tércio , Azevedo Enzo G. , Pinto Joana A. R. , Lage Guilherme Menezes
Published: August 2022

Although the importance of practice has been evidenced in early studies of cross-limb transfer, the association between cross-limb transfer and practice organization remains unknown. The two primary means of organizing practice are constant practice (CP) and variable practice (VP). When the same generalized motor program governs the motor responses, VP produces better transfer than CP. Thus, we hypothesized that VP would generate a higher cross-limb transfer level than CP. We assigned 40 participants to CP or VP groups and conducted an experiment consisting of three phases: pre-test, practice, and transfer test. At pre-test, all participants practiced eight trials of a sequence key-pressing task with the non-dominant hand (NDH). After the pre-test, all participants performed a practice phase of 72 trials with the dominant hand, but CP and VP groups underwent their different practice schedules (CP or VP) such that the CP group practiced a sequence key-pressing task in one sequence, and the VP group practiced four different sequences randomly. On the transfer test all partcipants completed eight trials with the NDH 24 hours after the practice phase. The CP group showed better performance than the VP group on the transfer test, and we concluded that the effects of practice organization in cross-limb transfer are distinct from intra- and inter-task transfer such that the specificity of practice explained the benefits of CG.
A Bayesian Semi-Parametric Approach for Modeling Memory Decay in Dynamic Social Networks
Authors: Arena Giuseppe , Mulder Joris , Leenders Roger Th. A.J.
Published: August 2022

In relational event networks, the tendency for actors to interact with each other depends greatly on the past interactions between the actors in a social network. Both the volume of past interactions and the time that has elapsed since the past interactions affect the actors’ decision-making to interact with other actors in the network. Recently occurred events may have a stronger influence on current interaction behavior than past events that occurred a long time ago–a phenomenon known as “memory decay”. Previous studies either predefined a short-run and long-run memory or fixed a parametric exponential memory decay using a predefined half-life period. In real-life relational event networks, however, it is generally unknown how the influence of past events fades as time goes by. For this reason, it is not recommendable to fix memory decay in an ad-hoc manner, but instead we should learn the shape of memory decay from the observed data. In this paper, a novel semi-parametric approach based on Bayesian Model Averaging is proposed for learning the shape of the memory decay without requiring any parametric assumptions. The method is applied to relational event history data among socio-political actors in India and a comparison with other relational event models based on predefined memory decays is provided.
Practical training completed by clinical psychology Master’s students commencing their internship at 1 Military Hospital: a preliminary study
Authors: Kgaugelo Motswai Phenyo
Published: August 2022

Psychology in South Africa continues to develop within the changing socio-historical context. Domains of competence are anticipated to develop over the course of the career of a clinical psychology student and professional. Guidelines from the Health Professions Council of South Africa stipulate that the internship year should be dedicated to developing functional competences. It is also required that students provide psychological services to a wide spectrum of patients to prepare for the mental health care needs of the diverse South African population. This preliminary study set out to describe the nature of practical training completed by clinical psychology students that may aid in the development of functional competence domains. Surveys assessing practical training during Master’s coursework were completed by clinical psychology students ( n = 20) during the first week of their internship. Interns placed at 1 Military Hospital for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 participated in the study, and the completed surveys were examined. Results indicated a variance in the number of patients consulted, the hours spent consulting patients as well as the diversity of patient exposure. Some students reported limited to no practical training in psychological tests, which is a cause for concern. Students also rated their perceived competence in report writing as average, which may reflect socially desirable responses. Study outcomes suggest a need to develop agreement among psychology trainers at various stages of the training process regarding the priority to be placed on different practical training aspects. This may assist in training clinical psychologists who can adequately provide much-needed community-based services.
Beyond the City–County Divide: Examining Consolidation Referenda Since 2000
Authors: Acuff Christopher
Published: August 2022

Despite the relative infrequency of successful city-county consolidation campaigns, local government officials and reformers continue revisiting the possibilities and perceived benefits associated with consolidation. While studies analyzing campaigns for and against consolidation efforts exist, little is known beyond factors at the city and/or county level. For this reason, it is important to dig deeper and explore the differences at smaller geographic levels. Utilizing demographic, geographic, and electoral data, this study examines the factors which contribute to support (or opposition) to consolidation at the voting precinct-level in reform efforts over the last two decades. Results indicate that factors related to higher levels of education, home values, and larger Hispanic populations tend to increase the vote share in favor of consolidation, while areas with larger median household incomes demonstrate lower levels of support. These findings help extend our understanding of boundary change and voting in local referenda in the United States.
The hypervisibility and discourses of ‘wokeness’ in digital culture
Authors: Sobande Francesca , Kanai Akane , Zeng Natasha
Published: August 2022

From its origins in Black grassroots activist and political consciousness raising spaces, the term ‘woke’ has shifted in its significance. Now broadly synonymous with statements on social media that are assumed to indicate an investment in tackling social injustices, specifically, antiblackness and racial injustice, it has also become the subject of heated critique. Using key case studies such as the ‘I take responsibility’ and Instagram ‘blackout’ campaigns of 2020, this commentary clarifies how the cultural conventions and affordances of both social media and celebrity have shaped conceptualizations of ‘wokeness’. In its marketization, we suggest that ‘wokeness’ goes beyond the associations of progressive politics that advertisers attempt to attach to brands. Rather, we suggest that ‘wokeness’ is also conceptualized in terms of the quality of individual practices connected with antiracism and left politics more broadly. Observing that desires for ‘wokeness’ underpin its visibility and contestation, we explore the affective entanglements of ‘wokeness’ with whiteness, neoliberal identity culture, genres of social media content, and perceived expressions of sincerity. In doing so, we theorize the digital development, hyper-visibility, and marketization of ‘wokeness’, to grapple with how internet, consumer, and celebrity culture is implicated in contemporary understandings and expectations of social justice work.
Agreement between mechanical and digital skinfold callipers
Authors: Faria Ana Catarina Vaz Pinheiro de Furtado , Martinho Diogo Vicente , Ribeiro Abreu Bruno Rafael , Costa Franco Bruno Rafael , Moreira Carrilho Lara Alexandre , Azaruja Madalena Carraça , Tavares Mendes Pedro Miguel , Simões Serra Mariana Duarte , Teixeira Lemos João Alexandre , de Figueiredo João Paulo
Published: August 2022

Background: Skinfold callipers are often used in clinical practice to estimate subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. Recently, LipoTool emerged as a potential digital system to measure skinfolds, however comparisons with competing equipment are lacking. Aim: The aim of this study was to test the agreement between two competing skinfold callipers (digital and mechanical). Methods: The sample included 22 healthy male adult participants. A certified observer measured eight skinfolds twice using different skinfold callipers (digital and mechanical). Differences between equipment were tested using Wilcoxon signed rank test The distribution of error was examined using the normality test Results: Differences between skinfold callipers were significantly in five skinfolds: triceps (Z  =  -3.546; P < 0.001), subscapular (Z  =  -3.984; P < 0.001), suprailiac (Z  =  3.024; P  =  0.002), supraspinale (Z  =  3.885; P < 0.001), abdominal (Z z = −2.937; P  =  0.003), thigh (Z  =  -2.224; P  =  0.026) and calf (Z  =  -2.052; P  =  0.040). Differences between callipers were constant. Conclusions: Mechanical and digital callipers tended to record different values of skinfold thickness. Clinical examination should consider equipment-related variation in fat mass estimation.
Facebook usage and quality of life of individuals with visual impairments
Authors: Gkatzola Katerina , Papadopoulos Konstantinos
Published: August 2022

The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of Facebook usage on the quality of life of individuals with visual impairment while also investigating the impact of Facebook communication in comparison with face-to-face communication on quality of life. Ninety-two adult users of Facebook with visual impairment, of whom 46 lived in Greece and 46 lived abroad, participated in this study. Regarding Facebook usage, a questionnaire which investigated the frequency of various aspects of Facebook activity and Facebook communication as well as face-to-face communication was used in this study. Regarding quality of life, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, a single-item happiness scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory were employed to evaluate three different indicators of quality of life. Participants’ quality of life was relatively high. Findings showed that face-to-face communication with friends was a significant predictor of quality of life, while neither Facebook communication nor Facebook usage correlated with any of the indicators of quality of life investigated.
Vimentin and Ki-67 immunolabeling in canine gastric carcinomas and their prognostic value
Authors: Flores Ana R. , Rêma Alexandra , Mesquita João R. , Taulescu Marian , Seixas Fernanda , Gärtner Fátima , Amorim Irina
Published: August 2022

This study evaluated the expression of vimentin and Ki-67 proliferative index (PI) by immunohistochemistry in 30 canine gastric carcinomas (GCs) and a possible association with clinical and pathological features and patient’s survival time. Vimentin immunoreactivity was assessed in neoplastic cells (in primary lesions, emboli, and metastases) and tumor-associated stroma (TAS) of canine GCs. Ki-67 PI was quantified in the neoplastic epithelial component. Vimentin immunolabeling in neoplastic cells was found in 30% of the primary lesions, in 82% of the neoplastic emboli, and in 50% of the metastases; in TAS, it was observed in all cases. A mean of 16% of the TAS was immunolabeled for vimentin. High vimentin immunolabeling in the TAS (>16%) was detected in 40% of cases. The average value of Ki-67 PI was 50%, and 80% of the lesions had Ki-67 PI above 20%. Vimentin immunolabeling in neoplastic cells was more frequent in less-differentiated carcinomas (diffuse [29%] and indeterminate types [75%]) than well-differentiated carcinomas (intestinal type [0%], P = .049). No significant differences were observed in vimentin immunolabeling in the TAS or Ki-67 PI according to histological diagnosis, depth of invasion, presence of neoplastic emboli or metastases. However, vimentin immunolabeling in the TAS was positively correlated with Ki-67 PI ( r = .394, P = .031). Furthermore, a moderate negative correlation was observed between Ki-67 PI and survival time ( r = −0.540). Our results suggest that vimentin and Ki-67 PI have potential for providing prognostic information in cases of canine GCs.
Personality Development Across Adolescence and Young Adulthood: The Role of Life Transitions and Self-Concept Clarity
Authors: de Moor Elisabeth L. , Nelemans Stefanie A. , Becht Andrik I. , Meeus Wim , Branje Susan
Published: August 2022

Personality develops across the lifespan, but most development occurs in adolescence and young adulthood. Life transitions to new social roles may be important drivers of mean-level personality development. The present study examined mean-level personality development in adolescence and young adulthood, and the role of the transition to tertiary education and working life therein in a sample of Dutch young people that were followed across 14 years ( N = 497, AgeW1 = 13.03 years). We explored whether young people’s self-concept clarity moderated these associations. Our hypotheses and analytical plan were pre-registered. Findings from Latent Growth Models showed support for maturation in personality across adolescence and young adulthood, but not a maturity dip. Having the role of employee was associated with higher conscientiousness, but no associations were found of the transition to tertiary education and the transition to work with mean-level development of any of the personality traits. Self-concept clarity did not moderate the role of transitions in mean-level personality development. Our findings suggest that socialization effects may not explain associations between life transitions and personality development in adolescence and young adulthood.