bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation of Teaching Methodology Based on Maximizing Learning Opportunities--A Case Study of a Private College in Guangzhou
Authors: Liu Houqing
Published: September 2022

Basic English, which aims to train the basic English abilities in a comprehensive way, is one of the main courses for English majors. In teaching this course, conventional methods like the grammar translation method and the lecture method are widely employed, which have caused problems like repressed student agency, low learning efficiency, and imbalanced development of students’ English abilities. In the case of the College of FF, these problems are also prominent. To solve these problems, a teacher in the English department carried out his teaching reform when he was teaching Basic English. His reform was very much like the flipped classroom,  and received varied acceptance. To make further reforms in teaching Basic English and other courses which share similar features, a new teaching model is proposed. This model is based on a subjective evaluation of the reform carried out by this teacher and a thorough examination of the context of the College of FF, especially that of the English department. The fundamental rule of this model is maximizing learning opportunities in class. It is hoped that by applying this model, the efficiency and effect in English teaching can be improved.
The significance of the change from "movie" to "movie view" to the evolution of Chinese films
Authors: Yang Hanqi
Published: September 2022

"Movie" is an appellation of early Chinese films. "Shadow" uses light as a pen to write a summary of screen behavior; "Drama" is an abstract meaning of plot and dramatic conflict. "Film drama" reflects the creative idea and direction of early Chinese films, and also reflects the origin between it and drama. In the history of Chinese film, this unique concept of national film was formed through multiple washes of subjective choice and the promotion of historical opportunities, and has gradually become the dominant concept of art and film in the development of Chinese film.
Preliminary Attempt to Implement Quality Education in Mathematics Teaching
Authors: Liu Youlin , Xiang Fandong
Published: September 2022

This paper discusses several ways to implement quality education in mathematics teaching from the aspects of paying attention to the teaching process of knowledge occurrence, strengthening the guidance of learning method, cultivating students' spirit of conscious exploration, and improving students' mathematical quality with transforming ideas.
Exploration of the practical path of integrating the red resources in northern Anhui province into the Party Building in University Organs—— takes F university as an example
Authors: Yang Xinyu
Published: September 2022

Red resources are the valuable spiritual wealth of the CPC and the PRC , as well as the valuable political resources of the party building in colleges and universities. The organic integration of local cultural resources into the party building  of university organs is of great significance for promoting the high-quality development of party building of university organs and the construction of high-level universities. The thesis takes the F university in northern Anhui as an example , By combing and analyzing the data of the use of red resources in Northern Anhui by F University , it is found that there are some problems in the integration of red resources in Northern Anhui into the party building of colleges and universities, such as integration but not enter, insufficient integration and no integration. It is proposed that the integration of red resources in Northern Anhui into the party building of University organs should deeply understand the importance of making good use of red resources, conscientiously implement the general requirements of party building in the new era, and give full play to the role of the three-level party organization of the university party committee, the party committee of the agency, and the party branch of the agency.
Comparison between Conversion in English Word Formation and Translation
Authors: Shi Puqing
Published: September 2022

In the theory and practice of English word formation and English-Chinese translation, a method will be mentioned, that is, conversion. In English word formation, transformation is an important method and way to expand vocabulary, which can change the syntactic function of vocabulary. In modern English, it seems more convenient to convert one part of speech into another part of speech, so it is common. In the practice of English Chinese translation, some sentences can be translated word for word, while others are not. In these sentences, some words need part of speech conversion to make the translation smooth and natural and convey the exact meaning of the original text.
Scenario-based design for teaching Linux OS operations and maintenance
Authors: Yue Feng , Wang Junchao , Xu Jinlong , Feng Xiangli
Published: September 2022

Linux operating system operation and maintenance is an important basic course for computer science majors in specialist and vocational education, and basic system administration commands are an important part of the course content. A scenario-based approach to teaching system management commands has been designed to address common problems such as difficulty in remembering, confusion and parameter confusion when students are faced with a large number of commands and parameters. By condensing a number of typical scenarios, students can better remember and differentiate commands and remember parameters through scenarios. The results of the course show that the scenario-based teaching method is easy to understand, rich and interesting, and facilitates students to learn better.
A kind of Psychological Immunity training for Pilots
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Jiang Ruochong , Zhang Yugao , Sui Danyang
Published: September 2022

In the long history of psychology, more attention has been paid to mental illness and treatment, but in fact, the more important thing should be to adjust the positive level of emotion, especially for pilots. In this paper, the positive psychology method is used in discussing some aspects that pilots need to face in the stress environment and give methods: self-confidence, optimism, and fearlessness are generated in the process of action, therefore, experience is the way to gain self-confidence; the method of cognitive therapy can changes pilots 'incorrect cognitive and dangerous attitudes; Stress management ensures that pilots have the ability to resist stress. This method makes the pilot's mental health level above the horizontal level, so that he can achieve a certain degree of immunity to various psychological problems and can better perform flight tasks.
A Preliminary Research on Monetary Reward as Extrinsic Motivation in Long Term Task-based Learning
Authors: Liu Houqing
Published: September 2022

Scholars have long noticed and analyzed the function of extrinsic motivation in learning. Findings were fruitful concerning this topic in and out of China in the past 20 years. Yet not much findings have been found about research on the function of monetary reward in a long-term learning activity with mass participation. This thesis is based on an interview about the role of monetary reward as a kind extrinsic motivation in a long-term English vocabulary competition carried out on an application in which attractive monetary reward is awarded to the high-achievers. It is found that sustained and stable monetary reward could strengthen the initiative of students in the long-term learning activity, but when the monetary reward becomes over attractive, it may bring about negative changes to the learners. The students may choose those learning contents which may bring them better monetary reward rather than contents which are conducive to their academic achievement, and they may reduce the study time of other courses and other activities in the same course, which leads to imbalanced academic development. It is suggested that the teachers should give sustained guidance in the whole activity and attach more importance to spiritual awards rather than depending on monetary reward alone. It is also suggested that teachers should be cautious when changing the rules and tasks and make sure the new rules or tasks are fair so as not to hurt the initiative of students.
Implementation of Ideological and Political Education of Graduate Course
Authors: Wang Pingxin
Published: September 2022

Ideological and political construction of graduate courses is the latest idea of graduate education in the new era. At present, in the process of implementing "course ideological and political education", universities in China are facing problems such as the lack of ideological and political education resources, the weak ability of teachers' ideological and political education, and the lack of scientific and effective evaluation and supervision of the implementation effect. In order to comprehensively promote the construction of course based ideological and political education, this paper preliminarily explores the method to effectively integrate postgraduate curriculum teaching into ideological and political teaching.  According to the characteristics of graduate education, this paper presents an original education mode construction to improve the effectiveness of graduate talent training, and ensure the ultimate results of "cultivating people by virtue" in universities.
An Empirical Study of the Impact of Work Stress on Work Performance of University Teachers: a Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Ye Xianping
Published: September 2022

With the reform of the teacher performance management system in many colleges and universities in China, the pressure of college teachers has invariably increased, and it has become a hot topic to explore in depth the causes of work stress and the relationship between work stress and work performance of college teachers. This study randomly selects university teachers from different regions as research samples, and uses empirical research methods to analyse the causes of work stress and work performance of university teachers. This paper finds that the work stress of university teachers is high, and aspects such as heavy workload, high pressure on career development and insufficient job security make university teachers feel more pressure. Based on the analysis results, this paper proposes countermeasures for stress management of university teachers.
Fiscal Decentralisation, Economic Development, and Carbon Emissions: Empirical Analysis Based on the Provincial Static and Dynamic Panel Data
Authors: Zhu Wen , Chen Yilong
Published: September 2022

The target 'Carbon Peak' and 'Carbon Neutral' in China is a key strategic choice to promote environmental regulation and high-quality economic growth. Public finance, as the bedrock and pillar of national governance, has a significant influence on China's macroeconomics and policy execution. This paper selects provincial panel data of China from 2010 to 2019, together with a two-way fixed-effect model and a Difference-GMM model, in order to conduct an empirical analysis of the impact of fiscal decentralisation and economic development on carbon emissions. The findings reveal that fiscal decentralisation has a considerable positive impact on carbon emissions, and that economic development and carbon emissions have an inverted U-shaped connection. Furthermore, economic development may reduce fiscal decentralisation's contribution to carbon emissions. In addition, there is a dynamic lag impact associated with carbon emissions. As a result, to achieve green and low-carbon transformation in China, advanced and long-term planning is required, as well as the optimisation of local government evaluation mechanisms and the application of fiscal funds.
Research on promoting the joint construction of the "the Belt and Road" in Tianjin
Authors: Zhu Wen , Zheng Lin , Zhou Ran , Zhu Lequn
Published: September 2022

On the basis of summarizing the current situation and characteristics of domestic and foreign cooperation in Tianjin under the framework of the "the Belt and Road". Clarify the strategic positioning of Tianjin towards the "the Belt and Road", and put forward specific implementation paths from the aspects of facility connectivity, industrial investment, trade and finance, and cultural exchanges, so as to provide strong support for Tianjin to give full play to its internal and external linkage advantages and promote the joint construction of the "the Belt and Road".
Research on the Application of international Relations Network based on Text Mining
Authors: Zhu Wen , Gao Huayuan
Published: September 2022

In the innovation and development of communication systems and information technology, information exchange and dissemination in various fields are becoming more and more convenient, which not only expands the depth of communication on a global scale, but also connects countries in the world closely together, forming a huge and complex network of international relations. In this context, researchers hope to analyze the network structure through the network method, clarify the influence of different relations on the international situation and the composition of hotspot events, and explore the development law of relations between different countries, so as to provide an effective basis for the construction and development of economic globalization. Therefore, based on the understanding of international relations in recent years, the network application research status quo, on the basis of using text mining methods to study international relations, fast in a complicated information system to obtain valuable content, finally in the large text to build international relations network, expand the practice research of data source, solve the problem of network information explosion. The final results show that the application of international relations network based on text mining has achieved good results.
Microstructure and performance test of aluminum alloy K-TIG welding joint
Authors: Zhu Wen , Gou Weijie , Wang Lihong
Published: September 2022

The K-TIG welding method was used to conduct welding experiments on 6001 aluminum alloy, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, universal testing machine, microhardness tester, etc. The results show that the center of the weld is equiaxed crystals and a small amount of dendrites, the near seam zone is columnar crystals formed by associated crystals, the fusion zone is equiaxed crystals of varying sizes, and there are grain boundary liquefaction and β″ phase in this zone. Agglomeration, growth and transformation, there are grain growth and precipitation zones in the heat-affected zone; the tensile fracture positions are all at the fusion line, and the fractures are ductile and brittle mixed quasi-cleavage fractures, with dimples, river patterns, and cleavage steps; welded joints The hardness of the fusion zone has a W-shaped distribution, and the hardness value of the fusion zone is lower due to over-aging softening.
Tudy on hydrogen release mechanism of package shell
Authors: Zhu Wen , Zhao Peitang , Lu Haiyan , Zuo Fangzhen
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the hydrogen release amount of SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite (SiCp/Al) base plate, titanium alloy enclosure and its packaging shell was studied, the influence of substrate surface morphology on the hydrogen storage state of the coating was analyzed, and the hydrogen release mechanism of the packaging shell was discussed. The results show that the gold-plated SiCp/Al composite is the main source of hydrogen release from the package shell, and its complex surface morphology leads to different hydrogen storage states of the coating. At the early stage of baking, the hydrogen storage release is mainly due to micropores and interface defects, which is the main reason for the large amount and dispersion of hydrogen release from the package shell. Continuous baking is mainly stable release of lattice hydrogen storage, resulting in stable and discrete release of hydrogen.
The curative effects of acupuncture for gastrointestinal motility disorder in diabetes : A protocol for systematic review
Authors: Zhu Wen , Wang Yong , Sun Ying , Mu Hong , Guo Zichen , Zhao Shirong , Chang Tengteng
Published: September 2022

Background: Diabetic gastrointestinal motility dysfunction, a leading long-term complicationof diabetes, seriously affects the quality of life of the diabetes population. Apart from therapeutic drugs that control blood glucose levels and stimulants, acupuncture also play a critical role in the  management of diabetic patients with gastrointestinal motility dysfunction symptoms. However, these therapeutic strategies and their effectiveness lack evidence. Therefore, this study was designed to systematically evaluate the curative effects of acupuncture for gastrointestinal motility disorder in diabetes.

Methods: RCTs on acupuncture treating Diabetic gastrointestinal motility dysfunction will be searched from the databases, from their inception to June 2022. The main outcome of the study was gastrointestinal motility disorder symptom score and clinical efficiency. Study selection, data collection, and quality assessment were independently completed by researchers. We will perform the  meta-analysis by using RevMan software. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test. If the heterogeneity was high, sensitivity and subgroup analysis were further carried out.

Results:We will evaluate the curative effects of acupuncture for gastrointestinal motility disorder in diabetes.

Conclusion:In this study, results will provide supportting evidence for the use of acupuncture in treating diabetic gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in clinical settings.

Systematic review registration:INPLASY202270092. (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-7-0092/).
Study on spatial morphology of cold area settlements based on microclimate parameterized model
Authors: Zhu Wen , Zhang Qiangqiang
Published: September 2022

In the steady development of social economy, the quality of life of urban residents is getting higher and higher, the attention to the spiritual life is getting stronger and stronger, a good urban living environment has gradually become an important factor to evaluate the superiority of the city. Especially for the residential environment in cold areas, the winter is long and cold, accompanied by strong cold wind and snow, in-depth study of the spatial form of residential areas in cold areas, clear the corresponding microclimate conditions, can put forward targeted optimization measures, improve the comfort of outdoor environment, and ensure the quality of life safety of urban residents. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the research status of residential building planning and layout in recent years, this paper takes the spatial form of a region as an example to construct a microclimate parameterized model. The final research results prove that the climate environment of urban residential areas is targeted, different and personalized under the influence of the layout of residential areas. The effective layout means can show its regulating effect and effectively improve the environmental conditions of urban residents.
Insights into the mechanism of g-C3N4@a-Fe2O3 microsphere heterogeneous activation of hydrogen peroxide under visible light
Authors: Zhu Wen , Chen Jingwei
Published: September 2022

A-Fe2O3 complex g-C3N4@a-Fe2O3 was successfully prepared by solvothermal method and used in optical Fenton photocatalytic process. Using experimental instruments such as XPS, XRD, DRS, TEM, FTIR, and photochemistry to characterize composite materials. According to the mechanism of the photocatalytic process, combining A-Fe2O3/H2O2 Fenton reagent with g-C3N4 photocatalyst under visible light conditions can effectively accelerate the mineralization of pollutants. The photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4@a-Fe2O3 were evaluated by the decomposition of bisphenol A. When the content of a-Fe2O3 is 15%, the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite is the highest. In addition, cyclic operation, iron leaching concentration, fresh and XRD pattern studies indicate that g-C3N4@a-Fe2O3 composites are very stable and reusable. The results show that the decomposition of BPA by persulfate is a non-free radical reaction, but the coupling a-Fe2O3 with g-C3N4 can effectively activate the formation of persulfate free radicals and reduce BPA under visible light radiation. Studies showed that free radicals generated by electron holes and persulfate formed on catalysts were the main causes of BPA decomposition. Therefore, combined with previous research results, this paper proposed the mechanism of g-C3N4@a-Fe2O3 composite photocatalytic reaction by photo-Fenton. More importantly, this work demonstrates a novel approach to activate persulfates that can efficiently degrade pops and gives some new ideas on the remediation of persulfates in contaminated Water.
Two-dimensional photocatalyst with highly efficient and stable visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhu Wen , Chen Jingwei
Published: September 2022

Hex ammonium molybdate (AHM), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and glycine were used as the precursors in a microwave-assisted solution combustion synthesis (WSCS) process to create foam-like MoO2 nanoparticles. Methodically investigated was the effect of the glycine/NH4NO3 ratio (=0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25) on the finished goods. The findings indicate that the final morphologies and phases of the products are virtually influenced by the value of Φ. MoO2 nanoparticles measuring 20 to 30 nm can be successfully composited under the condition of Φ=0.50 to produce a foam-like result. The photocatalytic activity of foam-like MoO2 nanoparticles was tested with several pollutants. The results show that foam-like MoO2 nanoparticles have good degradability and stability. The photocatalytic mechanism and fabrication mechanism of foam-like MoO2 has been presented in detail. Using foam-like MoO2-based photocatalyst materials for energy transfer and environment protection is supported by this research.
Auxiliary Teaching Software for English Reading Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Zhu Wen , Feng Junxia
Published: September 2022

With the development of modern computer-aided design theory, English-assisted teaching software has entered a new era. Auxiliary teaching software is playing an increasingly important role in every corner of modern education, and is even irreplaceable in some aspects. This paper designs an auxiliary teaching software for English reading based on machine learning . The hardware part includes a wireless dedicated fingerprint handheld terminal and an interactive handwriting board, which are the basis of the entire teaching-aiding software. After a survey on the satisfaction of application the software, it has been found that teachers and students are very satisfied with the auxiliary teaching software, and the application of the auxiliary teaching software also cultivates students' interest in English reading, and improves the students’ vocabulary and reading level.
LECZENIE UNIERUCHOMIENIEM JAKO NARUSZENIE CZYNNOŚCI NARZĄDU CIAŁA W ROZUMIENIU KODEKSU KARNEGO: MOŻLIWOŚCI WYKORZYSTANIA W PRAKTYCE ZAPROPONOWANEGO SPOSOBU OPINIOWANIA SĄDOWO-LEKARSKIEGO
Authors: Domżalski Marcin , Arkuszewski Piotr , Meissner Ewa , Zielińska Małgorzata
Published: September 2022

Stosowanie unieruchomienia medycznego w przypadkach niektórych obrażeń ciała może utrudniać rozstrzygnięcie — czy spowodowały one naruszenie czynności narządu ciała trwające dłużej czy nie dłużej niż 7 dni. W publikacji przedstawione zostały możliwości wykorzystania w praktyce opracowanego przez autorów sposobu opiniowania sądowo-lekarskiego i dotyczącego prawno-karnej kwalifikacji obrażeń ciała w przypadkach zastosowania leczenia unieruchomieniem u osób, które doznały takich obrażeń ciała, gdy dla rozstrzygnięcia, czy spowodowane przez nie naruszenie czynności narządu ciała, inne niż określone w art. 156 kodeksu karnego, trwa nie dłużej czy dłużej niż 7dni konieczne jest przeprowadzenia kontrolnego badania lekarskiego. W artykule wykorzystane zostały wydane przez autorów opinie sądowo-lekarskie w sprawach zakończonych prawomocnymi wyrokami sądowymi. Jeżeli charakter obrażeń ciała nie rozstrzyga o tym, czy powodują one naruszenie czynności narządu ciała na czas dłuższy czy krótszy niż 7 dni, a w ramach leczenia zlecone zostało unieruchomienie, to nie należy czasu stosowania go utożsamiać z czasem utrzymywania się naruszenia czynności narządu ciała.
NOWE TECHNOLOGIE, INFORMACJA, DEZINFORMACJA, FAKE NEWS, DEEPFAKE, HEJT. WYBRANE MECHANIZMY MANIPULACJI W PRZESTRZENI CYFROWEJ W KONTEKŚCIE PANDEMII COVID-19, KRYZYSU GRANICZNEGO W 2021 R. I WOJNY W UKRAINIE
Authors: Zalewski Piotr
Published: September 2022

Celem artykułu jest próba scharakteryzowania zjawiska dezinformacji w sieci, a także opisu wybranych mechanizmów manipulacji w przestrzeni cyfrowej, fake newsów, deepfejków i hejtu w kontekście pandemii COVID-19, kryzysu granicznego z 2021 r. i wojny w Ukrainie oraz zagrożeń jakie ze sobą niosą, w kontekście wzbudzania emocji społecznych i podważania zaufania do instytucji administracji państwowej. Skutki, jakie wywołuje rozpowszechnianie fałszywych informacji w sieci Internet, oddziaływują na życie konkretnych jednostek i przedstawicieli poszczególnych grup społecznych, a także na organizacje, a nawet państwa.
GLOSA DO POSTANOWIENIA SĄDU NAJWYŻSZEGO Z 25 CZERWCA 2020 R., SYGN. I KZP 4/20 (KRYTYCZNA)
Authors: Palka-Stolorz Karolina
Published: September 2022

Niniejsza glosa jest glosą krytyczną do postanowienia Sądu Najwyższego z 25 czerwca 2020 r., którym ten naczelny polski organ władzy sądowniczej odmówił podjęcia uchwały na pytanie prawne: „Czy w sprawach o przestępstwo niealimentacji pokrzywdzony, którym jest małoletni, może być reprezentowany przez jednego z rodziców, gdy oskarżonym jest drugi z rodziców, czy też dla takiego małoletniego winien być powołany kurator?”. W tekście przeanalizowano powyższe zagadnienie na kilku płaszczyznach. W pierwszej części artykułu
przedstawiony został stan faktyczny i prawny niniejszej sprawy, a to postępowanie przed sądem pierwszej instancji, postawione pytanie prawne oraz postanowienie Sądu Najwyższego będące konsekwencją postawionego pytania prawnego. Druga część zawiera własne uwagi merytoryczne dotyczące tego, czym jest czynność prawna w rozumieniu przepisów prawa rodzinnego, regulacji art. 98 i 99 k.r.o. oraz art. 51 § 2 k.p.k. Ostatnia część opracowania stanowi krótkie podsumowanie rozważań.
Odpowiedzialność mediów w zakresie zmniejszania przepaści pomiędzy PR a wizerunkiem organów ścigania, Katalin Molnár, Wydawnictwo Dialóg Campus Kiadó, Budapeszt 2018, ss. 90
Authors: Uricska Erna
Published: September 2022

Porównując komunikację organów ścigania z komunikacją innych organizacji lub przedsiębiorstw zauważymy, że w literaturze krajowej nie ma zbyt wielu prac naukowych na temat komunikacji organów ścigania. Policja jako organizacja paramilitarna ma dość zamkniętą strukturę, dlatego tylko niewielka liczba pracowników naukowych zajmowała się badaniami i analizą komunikacji organów ścigania. Autorka książki jest znanym węgierskim ekspertem w dziedzinie komunikacji z tytułem
profesora Uniwersytetu Służby Publicznej. Celem niniejszej recenzji jest przedstawienie i przeanalizowanie jej książki, która może służyć jako przewodnik po komunikacji organów ścigania nie tylko na Węgrzech. W pierwszej części książki przedstawione zostały teoretyczne podstawy komunikacji organów ścigania, natomiast w drugiej części teoria została zestawiona ze zbiorem przykładowych tekstów. Autorka książki spogląda na komunikację organów ścigania w szerszej perspektywie koncepcyjnej, umieszcza ją mianowicie w systemie strategii komunikacji organów ścigania, prezentując ogólny zarys wewnętrznej i zewnętrznej komunikacji organów ścigania na Węgrzech. Książka ta może stanowić standardową pozycję dla osób, które mają niewielką lub nie posiadają żadnej wiedzy na temat
komunikacji organów ścigania, zawiera również wiele nowości skierowanych do funkcjonariuszy organów ścigania, ekspertów i nauczycieli zajmujących się komunikacją i pracujących dla organów ścigania.
Esophageal Manometry Among Patients With Dysphagia Referred To Kurdistan Center For Gastroenterology And Hepatology
Authors:   Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Mohammed Mohammed O. ,   Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sulaimani,   Iraq., Salim Bakhtyar F. ,   Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok; Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sulaimani; Iraq., Ramadhan Ali A. ,   Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok; Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sulaimani; Iraq.
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives:Dysphagia is a common problem in patients with primary motor disorders of the esophagus. Esophageal manom- etry is the gold standard for diagnosis of these disorders. Introduction of high resolution manometry represented a significant improvement in data recording and diagnostic yield. The objective of the study was to assess the findings of esophageal high resolution impedance manometry in patients presenting with dysphagia in Sulaimani governorate. Patients and Methods:This study extended from September, 2012 to December, 2013 and included 120 patients with dysphagia who were referred for manometry in Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology (KCGH) in Sulaimani city. All patients underwent upper endoscopy to exclude mechanical and inflammatory causes of dysphagia then the high resolution impedance manometry was used with liquid and viscous swallows. Results:The mean age of the study population was 43 years. The female to male ratio was 1.5:1. The mean duration of dysphagia was 2 years. The most common esophageal motility abnormality was achalasia (N=44, 36.7%) followed by hypertensive LES (N=31, 25.8%), ineffective esophageal motility (N=9, 7.5%), hypotensive LES (N=5, 4.2%) and diffuse esophageal spasm (N=3, 2.5%). The high resolution impedance manometry was normal in 28 patients (23.3%). Of the 44 patients with achalasia, 15 patients (34%) had vigorous achalasia. Using Chica- go classification, the most common type of achalasia was type II (N=26, 59%) followed by type I (N=13, 29.6%) and then type III (N=5, 11.4%). Conclusions:Esophageal high resolution impedance manometry has an acceptable diagnostic yield in patients with dysphagia.The most common finding is achalasia. Further studies are recommended.
Immunoexpression of Bcl-2 in Breast Carcinoma: Association with Clinicopathological Parameters
Authors:   M.B.Ch.B, M.Sc Pathology FKBMS Lecturer Hawler Medical University College of Medicine Department of Pathology, Rashid Payman Anwar , AL-Sakkal Noel S. ,   M.B.Ch.B, FRCPath (U.K) Assistant Professor in pathology
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. It is an immensely heterogeneous disease, characterized by a broad variety of clinical development. The research in recent years has focused on finding new markers of prognostic significance. Bcl-2, the protein product of the Bcl-2 gene, is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins that play a crucial role in a complex mechanism of apoptosis. It was recently proposed that Bcl-2 could inhibit cancer progression. Aims of the study: To evaluate the role of Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in patients with breast carcinoma and its relation with various clinic pathological parameters. Patients and Methods: Hundred cases of primary breast cancer were included in this prospective retrospective study. The cases were collected from Rizgary Teaching Hospital and Private Laboratories during a period of ten months from February to November 2013. The expression of Bcl-2 oncoprotein was evaluated immunohis to chemically; the findings were correlated with the age of the patients, size, type and grade of the tumor, lymph node status, vascular invasion, and the estrogen and progesterone receptors. Results: Bcl-2 oncoprotein was detected in 61 cases of primary breast cancer (61%). In this study the majority of estrogen and progesterone receptors positive cases, (71%) and (59%) respectively, showed positive Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression, (P=0.030) and (P=0.001) respectively. No significant correlation with the age of the patient, size, type, grade of the tumor, lymph node status nor with lymphovascular invasion could be found, (P=0.218), (P=0.410), (p=0.947), (p=0.938), (p=0.190), (P=0.370) respectively. Conclusions: Bcl-2 oncoprotein was frequently expressed in primary breast cancer. This study revealed a significant correlation between Bcl-2 and the estrogen and progesterone receptors. Our results suggest that Bcl-2 expression may be related to hormonal regulation. Larger patient study groups with a long follow up period will be helpful to clarify the prognostic significance of Bcl-2.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Driven Interventions in Technical and Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Onyango Evans , Kelonye Catherine
Published: September 2022

In the last decade the world has witnessed major advancement in science and technology, an industrial revolution of some sort, a truly massive shift that has birthed industry 4.0. This gigantic shift has given rise to a demand for uniquely transformative technical skills, a demand that can only be quenched by a properly developed and correctly implemented quality, industry focused, demand-driven Competency Based Technical and Vocational Training (CBET) program. To ensure immediate and sustainable employability of these Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates, the training curricula must take cognizance of the latest trends in science and technology, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) that are responsible for the prominent shifts in the labour market and the requisite skill demanded. In education AI has been used to improve administration and to augment teaching and learning. The objective of this study was to identify, analyze and categorize Artificial intelligence (AI) driven interventions currently used in TVET institutions and to determine their effectiveness. The research was conducted using scoping review methodology, selected since it enabled the researchers to address the broad research question, assess the extent of the available evidence, define eligibility criteria, search the literature, organize it into groups, screen the results and select evidence for inclusion. The JBI manual for evidence synthesis was used in the data extraction and synthesis. And a descriptive summary of the evidence created (charting). A literature search was conducted on the Web of Science for English language peer-reviewed articles related to AI application to TVET institutions. Out of the 320 eligible studies retrieved only 75 were considered based on the inclusion criteria. The result identified the most commonly employed AI-driven interventions and gave recommendations necessary to realize the full potential AI in TVET.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE A ANÁLISE DO CICLO DE VIDA DE PILHAS E A SUSTENTABILIDADE AMBIENTAL
Authors: Bellini Elizabete Maria , Marques Ronualdo , Xavier Claudia Regina
Published: September 2022

Frequentemente, noticiários informam sobre problemas ambientais ocasionados por determinados produtos de origem industrial. O que comumente não se percebe é que os impactos ambientais destes produtos não começam onde se tornam visíveis, isto é, na fase de pós-consumo quando estão poluindo o ar, contaminando água e solo, locais usados como descarte ao término da vida útil destes materiais. Os danos ambientais têm início na fase do projeto, ou seja, na concepção, no desenvolvimento e na seleção dos materiais. O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar, através de um levantamento bibliográfico, a definição de análise do ciclo de vida (ACV) de um produto e avaliar os impactos ambientais causados durante todo o ciclo de vida do produto desde a extração da matéria-prima até a disposição do produto e seu retorno ao meio ambiente (do berço ao túmulo).  Esta pesquisa teórica foi realizada por estudantes do segundo ano do Ensino Médio da Rede Estadual de Ensino do Paraná do Colégio Estadual Zumbi dos Palmares no município de Colombo - PR. O material selecionado para o estudo da ACV foi pilha alcalina, comum em uso doméstico, sendo que, o conteúdo de Eletroquímica está inserido no currículo básico dos educandos. Esta análise teve suas limitações por se tratar somente de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, porém, os discentes compreenderam, através da construção da ACV das pilhas, a importância da inter-relação entre a ACV e a sustentabilidade ambiental no Ensino de Química.
Factors influencing anesthesiologistsperceived usefulness of ACRM (Anaesthesia Crisis Resources Management) key points after a combined ACLS (AHA)-ACRM simulation training
Authors: De Biasi Fabrizio , Olivei Maddalena Carlotta , Vergallo Alessandro , Fiore Gilberto , Balagna Roberto , Donato Paolo , Cristofoli Loris , Caironi Pietro , Marinangeli Franco
Published: September 2022

Background: The factors that may contribute to learners’ perception about the usefulness of Anaesthesia Crisis Resource Management (ACRM) key points are little known.

Objectives: We investigated the link between demographic factors and the effect of an ACRM simulation training on anaesthesiologists’ perceived value of ACRM key points.

Design: A prospective pre- and post-test survey from December 2017 to December 2019 of 111 anaesthesiologists involved into a combined ACRM-ACLS course in a simulation centre.

Methods: Before and after the course participants were asked to indicate which were, in their opinion, the 5 ACRM key points most relevant for managing an anaesthetic emergency. No taxonomy tool of the 15 ACRM key points was used for teaching purposes.

Main outcome measures: Pre-/post-course differences in participants’ subjective choices were connected by logistic regression analysis with demographic factors which included age, gender, years of work as anaesthesiologist, the amount of updating exposure, and familiarity with ACRM.

Results: In median participants (47 M/64 F) had an age of 42 years (IQR 34-55 years), and 10 years working experience as anaesthesiologists (IQR 4-20 years). Around 20% of them had never heard of ACRM prior to this course. Communication was selected by up to 75% of participants without pre-/post-course differences. Although the other 4 ACRM points remained heterogeneously selected even after the course, we observed post-course vs pre-course increase in the selection rate of the ACRM points that address leadership, correct distribution of workload and utilization of all available resources. Among participants’ characteristics, the lack of familiarity with ACRM was the only significant predictor of the number of pre- to post-course changes in ACRM key points selection (OR=3.03, CI 95% 1.04 -9.09; p=0.0418).

Conclusions: The familiarity with ACRM should be considered when planning ACRM training, especially in cases where the ACRM training is not yet part of a formal education in anaesthesia.
The role of tranexamic acid in obstetric hemorrhage: a narrative review
Authors: Van Houwe M , Roofthooft E , Van de Velde M
Published: September 2022

Abnormal postpartum hemorrhage is a common problem, complicating 3-5% of vaginal and operative deliveries. In a majority of cases (98%) uterine atony, retained placenta or genital tract lacerations are responsible for excessive blood loss. However, occasionally, serious coagulopathy may occur early after delivery or in specific circumstances such as with placental abruption. Also, when bleeding is caused by uterine atony, retained placenta or vaginal lacerations, a dilutional coagulopathy may develop. Hence correcting coagulation abnormalities is often required. Crucial to manage postpartum coagulopathy is the use of tranexamic acid to reduce hyperfibrinolysis. In the present narrative review, we will discuss the use of tranexamic acid for the prevention and management of major postpartum hemorrhage by reviewing the available literature.
PENGARUH AMELIORAN ORGANIK TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN PERTUMBUHAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum annum L.) PADA TANAH BEKAS TAMBANG NIKEL
Authors: AINDO SRI INTAN , NAMRIAH NAMRIAH , DARWIS DARWIS , LEOMO SITTI , GINTING SAHTA , RESMAN RESMAN
Published: September 2022

Nickel mining activities in Southeast Sulawesi have triggered the physical, chemical and biological degradation of soil. Therefore, the application of organic amendment was an alternative solution to restore the degraded soil. This research aimed to study the effect of ameliorant on soil chemical properties and the effect of ameliorant on yield of cayenne pepper on ex-nickel mining soil. This research was conducted on Field Experimentation Station. Faculty of Agriculture Halu Oleo University, from January to April 2021. This study was carried out using a Randomized Block Design (RBD), which consists of 4 treatments namely without ameliorant (B0), cow manure 60  (B1), biochar husk 60  (B2), cow manure + biochar husk (1:1) 60  (B3) with 4 replications. The results showed that overall ameliorant had an effect on increasing soil pH, Organic-C, available-P, available-K, and Cation Exchange Capacity. Soil pH increased from 4.32 to 6.1, C-organic increased from 0.78% to 1.89%, available-P increased from 3.87ppm to 16.87ppm, available-K increased from 10 mg 100g-1 to 40 mg 100g-1, Cation Exchange Capacity increased from 0.1 me 100g-1 to 75.11 me 100g-1, while total-N increased from 0.21% to 0,38%. Application of 60  (B1) of cow manure increased the plant height and the number of leaves by 29.65 cm and 51,25 respectively.
PENGARUH WARNA BUNGA TANAMAN KENIKIR TERHADAP KEANEKARAGAMAN SERANGGA PADA TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum Annum L.)
Authors: RAHMAN ABDUL , PAKKI TERRY , ULFA NUR ISNAINI , HUTTNI LITA OKTAFIANA
Published: September 2022

Excessive use of insecticides will have a negative impact on the development of ecosystem and the environment, kill non-target insects and kill natural enemies and pollinating insects. One solution to control pests on chili plants is to engineer ecology using refugia plants. Kenikir is a refugia plant that plays an important role in increasing the population of useful insects such as predators and pollinators. This study aims to determine the effect of flower color of kenikir plants on insect diversity in chili plants (Capsicum annum L.). This research was observed on kenikir plants planted around chili plants with the color treatment of kenikir flowers, namely yellow kenikir (C1), orange kenikir (C2) and pink kenikir (C3). The treatment was repeated 6 times so that there were 18 units of observation plots. The variables observed were the number of insect species and their roles, diversity index, species dominance index and evenness index. Observational data were analyzed by simple tabulation to see differences between tretments. The results showed that there were various types of insects that landed on the kenikir flower in different flower colors, but the diseversity index value is in the low category or ≤ 2. The highest index value of diversity and insect population was obtained in the treatment of yellow flowers, then orange and the lowest was in pink flowers.
PENGARUH APLIKASI BOKASHI BERBASIS VEGETASI SEKUNDER DAN KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.) PADA LAHAN SUBOPTIMAL
Authors: ASNIA ASNIA , RAHNI NINI MILA , ZULFIKAR ZULFIKAR , RAKIAN TRESJIA CORINA , ANAS ARSY AYSYAH , HISEIN WAODE SITI ANIMA , HIJRIA HIJRIA , ALAM SYAMSU
Published: September 2022

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a type of secondary crop that has been cultivated for generations in the coastal areas of Muna Island. This study aims to determine the effect of bokashi application based on secondary vegetation and cow dung on peanut growth on sub optimal land. The research has been carried out in Katobu Village, Wadaga District, West Muna Regency. This study used a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 5 levels, namely: no fertilizer (B0), 3 kg per plot (B1), 6 kg per plot (B2), 9 kg per plot (B3), 12 kg per plot (B4), each treatment was repeated three times, so there were 15 experimental units. The variables observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, total leaf area and root loss ratio. The results showed that the best treatment was bokashi fertilizer treatment of secondary vegetation and 6 kg cow dung per plot (B2) for the variables of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and total leaf area; Root loss ratio was obtained at 3 kg treatment per plot (B1). The application of bokashi fertilizer based on secondary vegetation and cow dung had an effect on the growth of peanut plants.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PUPUK KANDANG KAMBING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.) PADA TANAH PESISIR
Authors: RISNAH RISNAH , GINTING SAHTA , LEOMO SITTI , ZULFIKAR ZULFIKAR , ERAWAN DEDI , NAMRIAH NAMRIAH
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of using goat manure on plant growth and to determine the best dose on the growth of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) on the coastal land of Nambo. The study was conducted from June to August 2021. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of 7 treatments and 3 replications so that 21 experimental units were obtained, namely (K0) control 0 g polybags, (K1) 50 g polybags are equivalent to 10 tons ha, (K2)100 g polybags are equivalent to 20 tonsha, (K3)150 g polybags are equivalent to 30 tons ha, (K4) 200 g polybags are equivalent to 40 tons ha, (K5) 250 g polybags are equivalent to 50 tons ha, (K6)300 g polybags are equivalent to 60 tons ha. The results showed that the application of goat manure gave the best N was 1,7% (very high), the best available P was 18,96 ppm (low), and K the best available was 0,60 me 100 g (very low). The highest goat manure application was achieved at a dose of 50 g polybags with an average plant height reaching 48,00 cm and the number of leaves at a dose of 100 g polybags 53,67 strand.
UJI POTENSI KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS ULAT JAGUNG (Spodoptera frugiperda) DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: AYU SUKMA , RAHMAN ABDUL , RAHAYU RAHAYU , TAUFIK MUHAMMAD , PAKKI TERRY , ARSYAD MIRZA ARSIATY , ASNIAH ASNIAH
Published: September 2022

Spodoptera frugiperda is a new pest on maize plants in Indonesia that attacks the leaves and corn cobs. Secang wood has the potential as a vegetable pesticide because it contains active compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the potency of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) on the mortality of corn caterpillar (S. frugiperda) in the laboratory. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 (six) treatments which were repeated 4 (four) times. The treatments were P0 (without application of sappan wood), P1 (application of sappan wood 1 g/L of water, P2 (application of sappan wood 2 g/L of water, P3 (application of sappan wood 3 g/L of water), P4 (application of sappan wood 4 g/L water, P5 (application of sappan wood 5 g/L water. The method used includes testing the feed spray method and larva body spray. The results showed that the 5 g/L water treatment showed a mortality percentage of 30% with the feed spray method and 22 ,5% by larva body spray method.