bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsatisfactory outcomes following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with partial thickness cartilage loss
Authors: Hamilton T. W. , Pandit H. G. , Inabathula A. , Ostlere S. J. , Jenkins C. , Mellon S. J. , Dodd C. A. F. , Murray D. W.
Published: April 2017

Aims

While medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is indicated for patients with full-thickness cartilage loss, it is occasionally used to treat those with partial-thickness loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the five-year outcomes in a consecutive series of UKAs used in patients with partial thickness cartilage loss in the medial compartment of the knee.

Patients and Methods

Between 2002 and 2014, 94 consecutive UKAs were undertaken in 90 patients with partial thickness cartilage loss and followed up independently for a mean of six years (1 to 13). These patients had partial thickness cartilage loss either on both femur and tibia (13 knees), or on either the femur or the tibia, with full thickness loss on the other surface of the joint (18 and 63 knees respectively). Using propensity score analysis, these patients were matched 1:2 based on age, gender and pre-operative Oxford Knee Score (OKS) with knees with full thickness loss on both the femur and tibia. The functional outcomes, implant survival and incidence of re-operations were assessed at one, two and five years post-operatively. A subgroup of 36 knees in 36 patients with partial thickness cartilage loss, who had pre-operative MRI scans, was assessed to identify whether there were any factors identified on MRI that predicted the outcome.

Results

Knees with partial thickness cartilage loss had significantly worse functional outcomes at one, two and five years post-operatively compared with those with full thickness loss. A quarter of knees with partial thickness loss had a fair or poor result and a fifth failed to achieve a clinically significant improvement in OKS from a baseline of four points or more; double that seen in knees with full thickness loss. Whilst there was no difference in implant survival between the groups, the rate of re-operation in knees with partial thickness loss was three times higher. Most of the re-operations (three-quarters), were arthroscopies for persistent pain. Compared with those achieving good or excellent outcomes, patients with partial thickness cartilage loss who achieved fair or poor outcomes were younger and had worse pre-operative functional scores. However, there were no other differences in the baseline demographics. MRI findings of full thickness cartilage loss, subchondral oedema, synovitis or effusion did not provide additional prognostic information.

Conclusion

Medial UKA should be reserved for patients with full thickness cartilage loss on both the femur and tibia. Whilst some patients with partial thickness loss achieve a good result we cannot currently identify which these will be and in this situation MRI is unhelpful and misleading. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:475–82.
Imaging modalities in patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Authors: Hesper T. , Zilkens C. , Bittersohl B. , Krauspe R.
Published: April 2017

Background

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a frequent disorder of the adolescent hip, which may lead to avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head, chondrolysis and early osteoarthritis due to the post-slip deformity of the proximal femur. To warrant the best possible outcome for the affected (and contralateral) hip, early diagnosis and proper treatment are needed.

Methods

A review of the literature was undertaken to identify today's role of available imaging modalities in the management of SCFE.

This review outlines the relevancy of different imaging modalities such as radiography, ultrasound, CT, MRI and bone scintigraphy in the treatment of SCFE patients. While standard radiography is the first-choice imaging modality for patients with suspected SCFE, ultrasound and advanced imaging modalities may aid in surgical planning, diagnosis of complications such as AVN and treatment follow-up.
Pinning the slipped and contralateral hips in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Authors: Hägglund G.
Published: April 2017

Purpose

To describe and comment on the treatment of the slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) with pinning and to present the pros and cons of prophylactic pinning of the contralateral hip.

Pinning the SCFE aims to fix the epiphysis and prevent further slipping. Some devices allow for further growth and remodeling of the femoral neck post-operatively. This results in maintained femoral offset and probably reduced risk of femoroacetabular impingement. There are currently no long-term follow-up studies showing less complications or better function than after in situ fixation. The contralateral hip can be managed by prophylactic pinning or close follow-up with repeated radiographic examinations. Which of the methods is best is still controversial due to different opinions on the risk of bilateral SCFE, the consequences of a later contralateral slip and the risks of prophylactic pinning. Although research supports prophylactic pinning the child and the family's preference is crucial.
Histological, histochemical and ultrastructural study of slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Authors: Tresoldi I. , Modesti A. , Dragoni M. , Potenza V. , Ippolito E.
Published: April 2017

Purpose

The purpose of our study was to investigate the histological, histochemical and ultrastructural aspects of the proximal femoral growth plate in slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).

Methods

Eight core biopsies of the proximal femoral growth plate were performed during in situ epiphysiodesis in patients with SCFE that was at the pre-slipping stage in two cases and at the mild slipping stage (Southwick angle < 30°) in six cases. After fixation, the specimens were processed for either histological or histochemical or ultrastructural studies.

Results

The proximal femoral growth plate was thicker than normal in the SCFE cases, and the 3:1 ratio between the thickness of the resting zone and the other zones of the plate was reversed. Chondrocytes of the proliferating, maturation, hypertrophic and degenerating zones were arranged in large clusters rather than in columns, which were separated by loose fibrillary septae that appeared moderately alcian blue positive and metachromatic. The collagen fibrils of the longitudinal septae were uniformly thin, measuring about 200 Å, whereas in the normal plate collagen fibrils were in the range of 300 to 1200 Å in thickness. Chondrocytes were elongated and smaller than normal, with a dark cytoplasm. In the degenerating zone, mineralisation of the longitudinal and transversal septae was scanty and enchondral ossification was impaired, with a few small osteoblasts forming thin bone trabeculae on the cartilage septae of the degenerating zone.

Conclusion

In SCFE, the proximal femoral growth plate undergoes several histological, histochemical and ultrastructural changes that precede slipping of the epiphysis since they are already present at a pre-slipping stage of the disease. The loss of solidity of the extracellular matrix and the disarrangement of the normal architecture of the physis very likely cause the consequent slipping of the proximal femoral epiphysis. SCFE aetiology remains unknown.
Characterization of Natural Clays from Italian Deposits with Focus on Elemental Composition and Exchange Estimated by EDX Analysis: Potential Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Uses
Authors: Iannuccelli Valentina , Maretti Eleonora , Sacchetti Francesca , Romagnoli Marcello , Bellini Alessia , Truzzi Eleonora , Miselli Paola , Leo Eliana
Published: April 2017

Purification processes performed on natural clays to select specific clay minerals are complex and expensive and can lead to over-exploitation of some deposits. The present study aimed to examine physicochemical (mineralogy, morphology, size, surface charge, chemical composition, cation exchange capacity [CEC], and pH) and hydration (swelling, wettability, water sorption, and rheological behavior) properties of three native clays from Italian deposits for potential pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses due to the presence of phyllosilicate minerals. Particular emphasis was placed on energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis coupled with the ‘cesium method’ to assay clay elemental composition and CEC. One bentonite of volcanic origin (BNT) and two kaolins, one of hydrothermal origin (K-H) and another of lacustrine-fluvial origin (K-L), were evaluated in comparison with a commercial, purified bentonite. The CEC assay revealed the complete substitution of exchangeable cations (Na+and Ca2+) by Cs+in BNT samples and CEC values consistent with those of typical smectites (100.64 ± 7.33 meq/100 g). For kaolins, partial substitution of Na+ cations occurred only in the K-L samples because of the interstratified mineral component which has small CEC values (11.13 ± 5.46 meq/100 g for the K-H sample and 14.75 ± 6.58 meq/100 g for the K-L sample). The degree of isomorphous substitution of Al3+by Mg2+affected the hydration properties of BNT in terms of swelling, water sorption, and rheology, whereas both of the poorly expandable kaolins exhibited significant water-adsorption properties. The EDX microanalysis has proved to be of considerable interest in terms of providing more information about clay properties in comparison with other commonly used methods and to identify the role played by both chemical and mineralogical composition of natural clays for their appropriate use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields.
Changes in the Use of It Technologies by Students of Agricultural Faculties
Authors: Lorencowicz Edmund , Koszel Milan , Kocira Sławomir , Uziak Jacek
Published: April 2017

Research on the selected population of students with a standardized questionnaire method concerning the use of IT technologies has been carried out since 2008/09. Results for the data from the first and the last year of research (2009 and 2016) for agricultural students were compared. It was reported that students use IT technologies in the process of learning. Majority of students − 94% (2009) and 98% (2016) positively assessed the usefulness of these technologies in the learning process. The Internet was used mainly for communication (respectively in the investigated years 82.5% and 99.1%). Usefulness of the Internet in the process of studying was marked very high - in 2009 it was 51% positive answers and in 2016 − 77%.
Energy Properties of Sunflower Seed Husk as Industrial Extrusion Residue
Authors: Maj Grzegorz , Krzaczek Paweł , Kuranc Andrzej , Piekarski Wiesław
Published: April 2017

The paper presents possibilities of using by ‒ products of the agri-food sector, in the form of sunflower husks, for energy purposes. Physical and chemical properties in the form of heat of combustion, calorific value for three moisture levels and ash content for two temperatures of combustion were determined and the carbon content (C), hydrogen content (H) and nitrogen content (N) were calculated pursuant to the PN-EN 15104 standard. Analysis of the heat of combustion and calorific value proved good energy properties of the investigated biomass. For the moisture level of 9%, 16%, 32% the heat of combustion was respectively 19.44 MJ∙kg-1, 17.94 MJ∙kg-1, 15.03 MJ∙kg-1, and the calorific value 18.09 MJ∙kg-1, 16.28 MJ∙kg-1, 13.16 MJ∙kg-1. The average ash content of the investigated biomass for the combustion temperature of 600°C and 815°C was respectively 2.12% and 2.04. In the analyzed biomass the nitrogen content was determined at the level of 1.57%, carbon of 43.87% and hydrogen of 6.29%.
Evaluation of Tribological Properties of Polymer Materials Used for Sliding Bearings in Agricultural Machinery
Authors: Walczak Mariusz , Caban Jacek , Marczuk Andrzej
Published: April 2017

The continuous technological development requires the use of modern materials also in agricultural engineering. Knowledge of the characteristics of tribological materials pairs cooperating with each other is useful for developing sliding nodes of agricultural machinery. Tribological properties of materials should be assessed for selection of technological materials beyond the economic criterion. The article presents analysis of the characteristics of tribological ball-on-disc wear of polymeric materials used as sliding elements for farm machines. Tribological tests were carried out under dry friction for a polymer-metal pair, and a wear rate and friction coefficient of the sample; the signs of wear were submitted to SEM observations.
Analysis of Force in MR Fluids during Oscillatory Compression Squeeze
Authors: Horak Wojciech , Sapiński Bogdan , Szczęch Marcin
Published: April 2017

This study investigates the behaviour of MR fluids in the oscillatory compression squeeze mode. Experiments were performed on commercially available MR fluids in the purpose-built experimental set-up. The influence of MR fluid’s properties and magnetic flux density on the force generated during the squeeze mode was investigated.
Transient Torsional Analysis of a Belt Conveyor Drive with Pneumatic Flexible Shaft Coupling
Authors: Kaššay Peter , Homišin Jaroslav , Urbanský Matej , Grega Robert
Published: April 2017

Development and application of pneumatic flexible shaft couplings have been in the center of our department research activities for a long time. These couplings are able to change torsional stiffness by changing pressure in their flexible elements – air bellows. Until now we have dealt with the use of pneumatic flexible shaft couplings for tuning mechanical systems working with periodically alternating load torque at steady state. Some mechanical systems, however, operate with a static load torque at constant speed (e.g. hoists, elevators, etc.), where it is necessary to consider the suitability of shaft coupling in terms of load torque at transient conditions (run-up and braking). Therefore we decided to analyze the use of pneumatic flexible shaft couplings also in this type of mechanical systems on an example of conveyor belt drive.
In situ TEM study of precipitation in a quasicrystal-strengthened AL-alloy
Authors: Bončina T. , Zupanič F.
Published: April 2017

Precipitation kinetics and mechanisms within an Al-Mn-Be-Cu quasicrystal strengthened alloy at 300°C were studied using in-situ transmission electron microscopy. The alloy was cast into a copper mould. Quasicrystalline precipitates formed throughout the Al-rich solid solution, whilst heterogeneous formations of Al2Cu and T-phase occurred on icosahedral quasicrystalline particles formed during solidification. The formation of quasicrystalline particles and T-phase was limited by manganese diffusivity, whilst that of Al2Cu by copper diffusivity. The precipitation produced only a small hardening effect.
Material factors in relation to development time in liquid-penetrant inspection. Part 3. Testing of model plates
Authors: Irek P. , Słania J.
Published: April 2017

The paper is the continuation of the previous ones entitled „Material factors in relation to development time in liquid-penetrant inspection. Part 1. Material factors“ and „Material factors in relation to development time in liquid-penetrant inspection. Part 2. Investigation programme and preliminary tests“ in which material factors influencing essentially the development time in penetrant testing as well as the range of their values have been specified. These factors are: material kind, surface roughness and imperfection width.

In the paper it has been described how far the development time in colour penetrant testing is influenced by an individual material factor. Moreover, it has been presented the equation being the function of material factors and development time.
Analysis of forming thin titanium panels with stiffeners
Authors: Adamus J. , Winowiecka J. , Dyner M.
Published: April 2017

The growing demand for light and durable products has caused an increase in interest in products formed of thin sheets. In order to ensure sufficient stiffness of the drawn - parts, stiffening is often performed. Unfortunately, during the forming of stiffeners unwanted deformations of the drawn parts very often appear, which prevent them from further exploitation. In the paper, forming thin titanium panels with stiffeners is analysed. The panels are made of sheets of commercially pure titanium: Grades 2, 3 and 4. In the results of numerical analyses which were performed using PamStamp 2G, taking into consideration the impact of the blank holder force and friction conditions on the strain distribution in the drawn parts, sheet thinning and springback values are presented. The numerical analysis results were compared with the experimental tests. It was concluded that in order to prevent panel deformation being a result of residual stresses, it is necessary to ensure adequate friction conditions on the contact surfaces between the deformed material and tools as well as a suitable blank holder force.
Quantitative Evaluation of Porosity in Turbine Blades Made of IN713C Superalloy After Hot Isostatic Pressing
Authors: Roskosz S.
Published: April 2017

The aim of this paper is an assessment of the influence of hot isostatic pressing treatment on porosity of cast samples - turbine blades and vane clusters made of the IN713C superalloy. Two variants of HIP treatments, differing in pressure from each other, have been used.

The quantitative evaluation of the porosity was performed using light microscopy and quantitative metallography methods.

The use of the hot isostatic pressing significantly decreased the volume fraction and size of pores in the test blades, the remaining pores after the HIP process being characterized by a round shape. The increased pressure has caused significant reductions in the area fraction and size of the pores.
Utilisation of mould temperature change in eliminating the Al5FeSi phases in secondary AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy
Authors: Bolibruchová D. , Richtárech L. , Dobosz S. M. , Major-Gabryś K.
Published: April 2017

This article describes the impact of the metal mould temperature change in eliminating the adverse effect of iron in the AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy. The kind of phases based on iron to be formed in aluminium alloys is determined by the alloy chemical composition, the melt overheating temperature prior to casting, and the cooling rate during crystallisation. In the experiment, we used three various mould temperatures, and their impact on the possible change in the adverse Al5FeSi phase, excreted in a needle form to a more compact form of Chinese writing or skeleton units. The experimental part did not use melt overheat that would result in impairment of the melt, for example due to increased gassing of the melt, as well as in a greater load on the smelting unit, thus resulting in increased energy expenditure. We can conclude from the obtained results that the mould temperature change does not have an adequate effect in eliminating the adverse effect of iron in Al-Si-Mg alloys.
Reinforcing cast iron with composite insert
Authors: Dulska A. , Studnicki A. , Szajnar J.
Published: April 2017

The paper presents a proprietary method of making composite cast iron (eutectic) locally reinforced with ceramics. The research included making casts with a ceramic layer, its percentage of the surface was 30%. The research included abrasive wear resistance according to ASTM G 65-00. As a result of the research it has been found that the infiltration of the molten metal into the ceramic preform mainly affects the correct production of the cast with local reinforcement. The research results also have proven that the application of a lattice ceramic insert placed in the mould is the most appropriate option, due to the even distribution of the particles in the cast and obtaining a sound cast.
Shaping optimal zinc coating on the surface of high-quality ductile iron casting. Part II – Technological formula and value of diffusion coefficient
Authors: Kopyciński D. , Guzik E. , Szczęsny A.
Published: April 2017

The completed research presented in the first part of the article has allowed linking the manufacturing technology of ductile iron castings with the process of hot dip galvanizing. On the basis of these data simulations were carried out to examine the behaviour of zinc diffusion coefficient D in the galvanized coating. The adopted model of zinc coating growth helped to explain the cases of excessive growth of the intermetallic phases in this type of coating. The paper analyzes covered the relationship between the roughness and phase composition of the top layer of product and the thickness and kinetics of zinc coating growth referred to individual sub-layers of the intermetallic phases.Roughness and phase composition in the surface layer of product were next related to the diffusion coefficient D examined in respective sublayers of the intermetallic phases.
Silver Matrix Composite Reinforced by Aluminium-Silver Intermetallic Phases
Authors: Wloch G. , Skrzekut T. , Sobota J. , Woznicki A. , Błaż L.
Published: April 2017

Silver and aluminum powders (82 mass % Ag and 18 mass % Al) were mixed and hot extruded at 673 K with extrusion ratio λ = 25. Performed X-ray diffraction analysis of as extruded rod revealed the development of Ag3Al and Ag2Al-type intermetallic phases. Structural observations and both chemical and diffraction analysis of structural components confirmed the growth of mentioned phases in the vicinity of elementary Al and Ag granules. No pores or voids were observed in the material. Mechanical properties of the composite, UTS = 490MPa, YS = 440 MPa, HV2 = 136, were relatively high if compared to commercial Ag and Cu products. Hot compression tests pointed to the good hot workability of the composite at deformation temperature range 473 K - 773 K.

The differential scanning calorimetry tests were performed in order to estimate structural processes during heating of Ag/Al composite that lead to thermodynamically stable liquid state. It was found that characteristic temperature of three endothermic peaks correspond to (1) peritectoid transformation μ-Ag3Al → ζ-Ag2Al + (Ag), (2) the eutectic melting ζ-Ag2Al + (Al) → L, (3) melting of the ζ-Ag2Al phase.

The Vickers hardness of the samples annealed at 673 K, for the time range up to 6900 minutes, was also determined. It was concluded that mutual diffusion of elements between Ag and Al granules and the growth of μ-Ag3Al and ζ-Ag2Al grains during annealing at 673 K result in a slight hardening of the composite.
Properties on a subclass of univalent functions defined by using a multiplier transformation and Ruscheweyh derivative
Authors: Alb Lupaş Alina
Published: April 2017

In this paper we have introduced and studied the subclass ℛ𝒥 (d, α, β) of univalent functions defined by the linear operator

RI

n
,
λ
,
l

γ

f
(
z
)

$RI_{n,\lambda ,l}^\gamma f(z)$

defined by using the Ruscheweyh derivative Rnf(z) and multiplier transformation I (n, λ, l) f(z), as

RI

n
,
λ
,
l

γ

:
𝒜
→
𝒜

$RI_{n,\lambda ,l}^\gamma :{\cal A} \to {\cal A}$

,

RI

n
,
λ
,
l

γ

f
(
z
)
=
(
1
−
γ
)

R
n

f
(
z
)
+
γ
I
(
n
,
λ
,
l
)
f
(
z
)

$RI_{n,\lambda ,l}^\gamma f(z) = (1 - \gamma )R^n f(z) + \gamma I(n,\lambda ,l)f(z)$

, z ∈ U, where 𝒜
n
={f ∈ ℋ(U) : f(z) = z + an

+1
zn

+1 + . . . , z ∈ U}is the class of normalized analytic functions with 𝒜1 = 𝒜. The main object is to investigate several properties such as coefficient estimates, distortion theorems, closure theorems, neighborhoods and the radii of starlikeness, convexity and close-to-convexity of functions belonging to the class ℛ𝒥(d, α, β).
A simulation algorithm for a single server retrial queuing system with batch arrivals
Authors: Florea Ion , Nǎnǎu Corina-Ştefania
Published: April 2017

Many systems of real word are modeled by retrial queuing system with batch arrivals. Analytical formulas for this class of systems are complicated and address only particular cases. The paper presents a study approach for this kind of systems, based on discrete event simulation. It is shown that the given algorithm has a polynomial complexity. Also, the object-oriented design we used for implementation is sketched.
A novel approach of the conformal mappings with applications in biotribology
Authors: Florea Olivia
Published: April 2017

In this paper, the flow of an incompressible non Newtonian fluid between two eccentric cylinders is considered. The aim of this study is to determine the flow in the case of the stationary movement of some viscous fluids between two eccentric cylinders with the generators parallel with Oz axis. Using the Mobius conformal mapping are obtained two concentric cylinders. The expression of velocity is deduced with the separation of variable method.
Transformation of the second order modulus by positive linear operators
Authors: Pǎltǎnea Radu , Stan Gabriel
Published: April 2017

We obtain estimates for the transformation of the second order modulus of continuity by positive linear operators which satisfy certain conditions, which are common to a large class of approximation operators.
Measurability of Social Development. Reflections on the Applicability of Social Progress Indices with Reference to Brexit
Authors: Ivanyos János , Sándor-Kriszt Éva
Published: April 2017

The question is how the global and local economic actors’ innovation-based local social and environmental objectives and results can modify the social cohesion strategies, how the disparities in economic and social development can be measured and evaluated at regional level in addition to a comparison across countries. We have seen that any one indicator in itself is not enough since it does not provide sufficient explanation for either the development disparities or their reasons. Anyway, in addition to GDP per capita, it is worth applying - and it is important to apply - such indicators as SPI and Well-Being, and various indices of social progress.
Fast Matrix Multiplication with Big Sparse Data
Authors: Somasekhar G. , Karthikeyan K.
Published: April 2017

Big Data becameabuzz word nowadays due to the evolution of huge volumes of data beyond peta bytes. This article focuses on matrix multiplication with big sparse data. The proposed FASTsparse MULalgorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art big matrix multiplication approaches in sparse data scenario.
A Two-Stage Placement Algorithm with Multi-Objective Optimization and Group Decision Making
Authors: Borissova Daniela , Mustakerov Ivan
Published: April 2017

Atwo-stage placement algorithm with multi-objective optimization and group decision making is proposed. The first stage aims to determineaset of design alternatives for objects placement by multi-objective combinatorial optimization. The second stage relies on business intelligence via group decision-making based on solution of optimization task to makeachoice of the most suitable alternative. The design alternatives are determined by means of weighted sum and lexicographic methods. The group decision making is used to evaluate determined design alternatives toward the design parameters. The described algorithm is used for wind farm layout optimization problem. The results of numerical testing demonstrate the applicability of the proposed algorithm.
Empirical Study of Job Scheduling Algorithms in Hadoop MapReduce
Authors: Gautam Jyoti V. , Prajapati Harshadkumar B. , Dabhi Vipul K. , Chaudhary Sanjay
Published: April 2017

Several Job scheduling algorithms have been developed for Hadoop-Map Reduce model, which vary widely in design and behavior for handling different issues such as locality of data, user share fairness, and resource awareness. This article focuses on empirically evaluating the performance of three schedulers: First In First Out (FIFO), Fair scheduler, and Capacity scheduler. To carry out the experimental evaluation, we implement our own Hadoop cluster testbed, consisting of four machines, in which one of the machines works as the master node and all four machines work as slave nodes. The experiments include variation in data sizes, use of two different data processing applications, and variation in the number of nodes used in processing. The article analyzes the performance of the job scheduling algorithms based on various relevant performance measures. The results of the experiments are evident of the performance being affected by the job scheduling parameters, the type of applications, the number of nodes in the cluster, and size of the input data.
A review of water quality policies in relation to public good benefits and community engagement in rural Ireland
Authors: Daly Karen , Breuil Marion , Buckley Cathal , O’ Donoghue Cathal , Ryan Mary , Seale Catherine
Published: April 2017

This paper examines current recreational water use in the rural landscape in Ireland and reviews current EU policies and national regulations aimed at protecting water quality and the wider environment under agri-environmental schemes. Specifically, we review policy instruments that protect water for recreational use, their impacts and the challenges they pose for rural development against current requirements to increase public awareness and participation. In Ireland, there is limited experience in public participation in water quality protection and restoration and we highlight how this can be addressed by focussing on the specific contribution of water quality in rural areas in relation to the provision of recreational ecosystem services. These services provide the infrastructure for much of Ireland’s rural tourism sector. In this context, emerging participatory approaches to policy implementation are also assessed as national and local government prioritise community engagement for the second cycle under the EU Water Framework Directive.
Evaluation of socio-economic impact of drought events: the case of Po river basin
Authors: Musolino Dario , de Carli Alessandro , Massarutto Antonio
Published: April 2017

The paper focuses on the socioeconomic impacts of drought events. Its objective is in particular to explore and study the distributive effects of drought events in the agricultural sector, taking the Po river basin, the most important agricultural area in Italy, as case study area. Its theoretical and methodological approach makes basis on the consumer surplus theory. One of the most remarkable outcomes of this analysis is that the effects of the drought events change considerably according to the social group. As far as agriculture is concerned, it shows that farmers and consumers are affected differently. Farmers can even earn from drought, because of the “price effect” caused by the scarcity of agricultural products; consumers always loses, because of the “quantity effect” and the “price effect”. Very different impacts, in terms of sign and magnitude, were also observed among the farmers themselves, in particular when they are distinguished by crop category, and by geographical area.
Learner Attrition in an Advanced Vocational Online Training: The Role of Computer Attitude, Computer Anxiety, and Online Learning Experience
Authors: Stiller Klaus D. , Köster Annamaria
Published: April 2017

Online learning has gained importance in education over the last 20 years, but the well-known problem of high dropout rates still persists. According to the multi-dimensional learning tasks model, the cognitive (over)load of learners is essential to attrition when dealing with five challenges (e.g. technology, user interface) of an online training (Tyler-Smith, 2006). The experienced load might depend on learner characteristics. The study explored the extent that learners dropping out from a vocational video-based online training about media design for employees of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises differ from working learners’ online learning experience, computer attitude, and computer anxiety. The data were collected from 72 of 128 registered employees who completed a questionnaire before starting the course to analyze differences between the dropout group (submitted no solutions to online training tasks; n = 19) and the active learner group (submitted at least one of 13 task solutions; n = 53). No differences were found in online learning experience, but the dropout group reported more negative attitudes towards computers and a higher level of computer anxiety than the active learner group.
Learning and Digital Environment of Dance – The Case of Greek Traditional Dance in Youtube
Authors: Gratsiouni Dimitra , Koutsouba Maria , Venetsanou Foteini , Tyrovola Vasiliki
Published: April 2017

The incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education has changed the educational procedures through the creation and use of new teaching and learning environments with the use of computers and network applications that afford new dimensions to distance education. In turn, these emerging and in progress technologies, render new practices in many fields including the field of dance offering a fertile quest to everyone involved in the dance. Yet, a critical evaluation of the content of YouTube dance videos has not been carried out though what is eventually learned through YouTube is a key question. Based on the above, the aim of this study was to critically examine the way YouTube network channel as Computer Based Learning-CBL functions both as a learning tool and as a teaching result concerning the field of dance having as example a Greek traditional dance named Karagouna. YouTube dance videos were gathered through observation, while the dance exemplar used was based on ethnographic research. For the dance recording of the Karagouna performances examined from YouTube, Laban’s notation system (Labanotation) was used. For the analysis of the dance performances, the dance structural-morphological and typological method was adopted. Finally, for the comparison of the Karagouna dance performances examined from YouTube with the exemplar of the dancing community, the comparative method was used. It was proved that someone with little or no relation to dance is likely to learn dance with the use of YouTube, yet it is questionable what kind of dance will actually learn since in a number of cases the dance videos do not correspond to the performance of the dancing community. In addition, the outcome is different if someone with prior knowledge on the field of dance (dancer, dance teacher, dance student etc.) uses YouTube as a teaching and learning tool as, in this case, its use is useful and interactive.
Assessment of Predictor Importance with the Example of the Real Estate Market
Authors: Kubus Mariusz
Published: April 2017

Regression methods can be used for the valuation of real estate in the comparative approach. However, one of the problems of predictive modelling is the presence of redundant or irrelevant variables in data. Such variables can decrease the stability of models, and they can even reduce prediction accuracy. The choice of real estate’s features is largely determined by an appraiser, who is guided by his/her experience. Still, the use of statistical methods of a feature selection can lead to a more accurate valuation model. In the paper we apply regularized linear regression which belongs to embedded methods of a feature selection. For the considered data set of real estate land designated for single-family housing we obtained a model, which led to a more accurate valuation than some other popular linear models applied with or without a feature selection. To assess the model’s quality we used the leave-one-out cross-validation.
An Assessment of Wind Farm Construction Efficiency Using the Real Option Method
Authors: Łukaszewski Tomasz , Głoćko Wojciech
Published: April 2017

From a developer’s point of view the construction of a wind farm in Poland is an investment project assessed in terms of economic efficiency. This paper discusses the selection of methods to be used for the assessment of such investments: it proposes to consider wind farm construction as an option and price it using models developed for the financial market. The purpose of the paper is to present a practical application of the option pricing method to the assessment of wind farm construction efficiency, in particular to compare the option and discount methods. Calculations are based with the example of an actual wind farm completed by one of the authors. The values of the project are different depending on the chosen method of estimation. The pricing carried out using the options method will lend legitimacy to the DCF result or suggest the verification of its correctness and review of the assumptions made. In both cases the application of the options method will have an advantageous impact on the investment decision.
Latent Variable Modelling and Item Response Theory Analyses in Marketing Research
Authors: Brzezińska Justyna
Published: April 2017

Item Response Theory (IRT) is a modern statistical method using latent variables designed to model the interaction between a subject’s ability and the item level stimuli (difficulty, guessing). Item responses are treated as the outcome (dependent) variables, and the examinee’s ability and the items’ characteristics are the latent predictor (independent) variables. IRT models the relationship between a respondent’s trait (ability, attitude) and the pattern of item responses. Thus, the estimation of individual latent traits can differ even for two individuals with the same total scores. IRT scores can yield additional benefits and this will be discussed in detail. In this paper theory and application with R software with the use of packages designed for modelling IRT will be presented.
Diagnostic Value of ERG in Prostate Needle Biopsies Containing Minute Cancer Foci
Authors: Bachurska Svitlana Y. , Staykov Dmitriy G. , Bakardzhiev Ivan V. , Antonov Petar A. , Belovezhdov Veselin T.
Published: April 2017

Background: Prostate carcinoma (PC) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men population worldwide. The small amount of the tissue in prostate needle biopsy is often sufficient for the correct interpretation. Novel antibodies, as ERG, could add to the diagnostic value of IHC study in analysing difficult core biopsies.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to establish a diagnostic use of ERG in a work-up of prostate needle biopsies containing minute PC, individually and in combination with AMACR/34βE12.

Materials and methods: From total number of 1710 consecutive prostate needle biopsies based on HE stain 114 biopsies containing minute PC. Selected biopsies were incubated with anti-ERG, AMACR and 34βE12 antibodies using immunohistochemical technique.

Results: Among 98 selected biopsies, 57 showed positive and 41 negative ERG staining. AMACR staining was positively expressed in 86 of the cases and completely absent in remaining 12. In 9 of the AMACR-negative cases the final diagnosis was establish by manifestation of ERG expression in the tumour foci. 95 of the biopsies demonstrated lack of 34βE12 expression and only 3 cases showed weak patchy staining. Among these cases 2 were ERG-positive.

Conclusion: ERG antibody could be especially helpful in the cases with controversial expression of AMACR and 34βE12.
Immunohistochemical Localization of Elastic System Fibres in the Canine Prostate
Authors: Marettová E.
Published: April 2017

The elastic fibres are particularly important for the structural integrity and function of the prostate. In this study, the elastic fibres of the normal dog prostate gland were identified by immunohistochemistry. In the capsule, the elastic fibres form membranes of different thicknesses-located mainly in the intermediate and deep zones. Large trabeculae which extend from the capsule contain elastic fibres with a prevalence in the longitudinal direction. Around blood vessels, the elastic fibres are concentrated and form annular structures. In the fine septa supporting the lobules, elastic fibres form a fine elastic meshwork. Between the secretory units of the prostate gland, the fine elastic fibres are located under the secretory epithelium. An increase of elastic fibres around the ducts entering the urethra was observed. An accumulation of elastic fibres in the capsule and stromal septa may participate in the releasing of secretory products during ejaculation.
Efficiency of Enzymatic Debridement in the Healing Process of Chronic Wounds in Small Animal Practice
Authors: Hamilton L. , Kožár M.
Published: April 2017

Skin wounds are a common presentation in small animal practice. These wounds may be acute or chronic with a complicated healing process. An important aspect of the healing of wounds is debridement which may be carried out by surgical, autolytic, mechanical or enzymatic methods. The debridement method is chosen according to the individual skin defect and influenced by factors such as wound size and location, the age of the wound, and the presence of infection or exudate. Enzymatic debridement is a method that is not commonly used in veterinary practice, and involves the use of enzyme preparations to remove necrotic tissue from a wound. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the enzymatic ointment collagenase as a method of debridement, and its effect on the macroscopic appearance of chronic skin wounds in cats and dogs. We observed that the application of Iruxol Mono directly to the wound changes the progress of the healing process, with no obvious adverse effects. The time of healing of chronic wounds was decreased and healthy granulation tissue was developed within a couple of days after application of the ointment. Enzymatic debridement appears to be a promising method of debridement for use in chronic wounds, and should be considered in cases where more conventional methods of debridement are ineffective or unsuitable.
Mapping of tecto-lineaments and their influence on sedimentological processes in a GIS environment: a case study of the Iberian trough, Spain
Authors: Herrero-Hernández Antonio , López-Moro Francisco Javier , Valle-Feijóo María Elena , Gómez-Fernández Fernando , Rodríguez-Pérez José Ramón
Published: April 2017

The subsurface sedimentary succession of the Iberian Trough, Spain was examined using geophysical techniques (analogue seismic profiles) and inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation algorithm implemented in a gvGIS open source software. The results showed that the Late Cretaceous succession is divided into two depositional sequences: DS-1 (Late Albian-Middle Turonian) and DS-2 (Late Turonian-Campanian). From the analogical seismic sections, digital data and quantitative isopach maps for DS-1 and DS-2 were obtained. The new isopach maps obtained for the DS-1 sequence showed that the deeper sectors of the basin were located to the northeast and the proximal ones to the southwest. The palaeoshoreline was inferred to be situated in the N 150 direction. Across and parallel to this direction several blocks were delimited by faults, with a direction between 30 N and N 65. The thickness of the sediments in these blocks varied in direction NW-SE, with subsidence and depocentres in hangingwall and uplift in the footwall. These variations may have been related to active synsedimentary faults (e.g., Boñar and Yugueros Faults). In the DS-2 sequence, a lineament separated the smaller thicknesses to the southwest from the larger thicknesses (up to 1400 m) to the northeast. This lineament had an N170 orientation and it indicated the position of the palaeoshoreline. In the isopach map for DS-2 there were two groups of lineaments. The first showed a block structure that was limited by N100-120, they were foundering toward the S and had large thicknesses (depocentres), and rose towards the N, where there were smaller thicknesses. The second group of lineaments had a N 50-65 direction and, in this case, they had a similar interpretation as the one in DS-1. The maps obtained are of great help for geologists and permit better understanding of the geological setting and stratigraphic succession of the Late Cretaceous of the Iberian Trough.
Optimal Combiners in Pre-Amplified Optical Wireless Systems under Medium-to-Strong Atmospheric Turbulence
Authors: Sagias Nikos C. , Boucouvalas Anthony C. , Yiannopoulos Kostas , Uysal Murat , Ghassemlooy Zabih
Published: April 2017

In this work we analytically investigate optimal combiners for pre-amplified diversity receivers that operate under medium-to-strong atmospheric turbulence. We first demonstrate that the combiner performance is strongly affected by the existence of a signal-amplified spontaneous emission beat noise at the output of the photodetector. Due to the signal-dependent nature of noise, the optimal combiner can be classified as a hybrid one, of which performance is between the well-known equal-gain and maximal-ratio combiner architectures. Having established the optimal design, we further assess the proposed combiner performance over gamma-gamma and negative-exponential fading environments.
Forecasting the OECD Fixed Broadband Penetration with Genetic Programming Method, Diffusion Models and Macro-Economic Indicators
Authors: Salpasaranis Konstantinos , Stylianakis Vasilios
Published: April 2017

This paper presents the implementation of a modified Genetic Programming (GP) method in forecasting fixed broadband telecommunications penetration percentage in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The specific GP method combines the use of known diffusion models for technological forecasting purposes, such as Logistic, Gompertz and Bass and the GP. The combination method produces both time dependant and causal models with high performance statistical indicators. Also, multiple approaches to forecasting can be implemented, mainly with no big datasets.
60 GHz Front-End Components for Broadband Wireless Communication in 130 nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Kolios Vasilis , Giannakidis Konstantinos , Kalivas Grigorios
Published: April 2017

The over 5 GHz available spectral space allocated worldwide around the 60 GHz band, is very promising for very high data rate wireless short-range communications. In this article we present two key components for the 60 GHz front-end of a transceiver, in 130 nm RF CMOS technology: a single-balanced mixer with high Conversion Gain (CG), reduced Noise Figure (NF) and low power consumption, and an LC cross-coupled Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) with very good linearity, with respect to Vctrl, and very low Phase Noise (PN). In both circuits, custom designed inductors and a balun structure for the mixer are employed, in order to enhance their performance. The VCO’s inductor achieves an inductance of 198 pH and a quality factor (Q) of 30, at 30 GHz. The balun shows less than 1
o
Phase Imbalance (PI) and less than 0.2 dB Amplitude Imbalance (AI), from 57 to 66 GHz. The mixer shows a CG greater than 15 dB and a NF lower than 12 dB. In addition, the VCO achieves a Phase Noise lower than -106 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, and shows great linearity for the entire band. Both circuits are biased with a 1.2 V supply voltage and the total power consumption is about 10.6 mW for the mixer and 10.92 mW for the VCO.
Parameter Measurements of Moving Gas Bubbles Using Image Tomography Title
Authors: Rząsa Mariusz Roland
Published: April 2017

The paper presents an idea of a new measuring method based on image tomography. This method focuses on registration of images of bubbles moving in two perpendicular directions. Two images are used for determination of the center of mass, movement trajectory and local velocities. Volume and area of bubbles are defined by using approximation of the bubble shape with the known geometric figures. The paper also presents the algorithm of reconstruction of the bubble shapes and movement trajectories, as well as exemplary test results. The obtained results were compared with empirical correlations in the published literature.