bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brief communication: Not as dirty as they look, flawed airborne and satellite snow spectra
Authors: Bair Edward H. , Roberts Dar A. , Thompson David R. , Brodrick Philip G. , Wilder Brenton A. , Bohn Niklas , Crawford Chris J. , Carmon Nimrod , Vuyovich Carrie M. , Dozier Jeff
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Key to the success of spaceborne missions is understanding snowmelt in our warming climate, having implications for nearly 2 billion people. An obstacle is that surface reflectance products over snow show an erroneous hook that often shows sharp decreases in the visible wavelengths. This hook is sometimes mistaken for soot or dust but can result from three artifacts: 1) a background reflectance that is too dark; 2) an assumption of level terrain; 3) or differences in optical constants of ice. Sensor calibration and directional effects may also contribute. Solutions currently being implemented address these artifacts.
Climatic and tectonic controls on shallow marine and freshwater diatomite deposition through the Palaeogene
Authors: Figus Cécile , Bialik Or M. , Gladenkov Andrey Yu. , Oreshkina Tatyana V. , Renaudie Johan , Smirnov Pavel , Witkowski Jakub
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Diatoms play a major role in the carbon and silicon cycles, and thus diatom-bearing sediments represent an archive of past climatic and environmental settings. In shallow marine and freshwater environments, the accumulation of diatom frustules forms a sedimentary rock called diatomite. However, most global scale studies of diatom-bearing sediments focus on deep-sea sites, whereas shallow marine and freshwater diatomites are studied mainly at a regional level. To address this problem, we present a global scale compilation of diatomite occurrences spanning the Palaeogene (~66 to ~23 Ma). This period was characterized by initial extreme warmth followed by a prolonged cooling, disrupted by short-term climatic events called hyperthermals, and by a number of palaeoceanographic and palaeogeographic changes. The aim of this compilation is to determine the response of diatom production to Palaeogene environmental fluctuations, by examining the influence of climate, tectonic activity and ocean circulation on diatomite deposition. Although climatic factors appear to have had an indirect impact, our study suggests that palaeogeographic and palaeoceanographic changes were key drivers of diatomite deposition during the Palaeogene, particularly from the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (~53 to ~49 Ma) onwards. In fact, our compilation suggests the absence of diatomite deposition in epicontinental seas between ~46 and ~43 Ma, while diatomites do not begin to accumulate in open ocean environments until ~43.5 Ma. Moreover, we observe that regional climate and volcano–tectonic activity have had an impact on the deposition of freshwater diatomites.
ScintPi measurements of low-latitude ionospheric irregularity drifts using the spaced-receiver technique and SBAS signals
Authors: Gomez Socola Josemaria , Rodrigues Fabiano , Wrigth Isaac , Paulino Igo , Buriti Ricardo
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Previous efforts have used pairs of closely-spaced specialized receivers to measure Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals and to estimate ionospheric irregularity drifts. The relatively high cost associated with commercial GNSS-based ionospheric receivers limited somewhat their deployment and the estimation of ionospheric drifts. The development of an alternative low-cost GNSS-based scintillation monitor (ScintPi) motivated us to investigate the possibility of using it to overcome this limitation. ScintPi monitors can observe signals from geostationary satellites, which can greatly simplify the estimation of the drifts. We present results of an experiment to evaluate the use of ScintPi 3.0 to estimate ionospheric irregularity drifts. The experiment consisted of two ScintPi 3.0 deployed in Campina Grande, Brazil (7.213° S, 35.907° W, dip latitude ~14° S). The monitors were spaced by 140 m in the magnetic east-west direction and targeted the estimation of the zonal drifts associated with scintillation-causing equatorial spread F (ESF) irregularities. Routine observations throughout an entire ESF season (September 2022 – April 2023) were made as part of the experiment. We focused on results of irregularity drifts derived from geostationary satellite signals. The results show that the local time variation in the estimated irregularity zonal drifts is in good agreement with previous measurements and with the expected behavior of the background zonal plasma drifts. Our results also reveal a seasonal trend in the irregularity zonal drifts. The trend follows the seasonal behavior of the zonal component of the thermospheric neutral winds as predicted by the Horizontal Wind Model (HMW14). This is explained by the fact that low latitude ionospheric F-region plasma drifts are controlled, in great part, by Pedersen conductivity weighted flux tube integrated zonal neutral winds. The results confirm that ScintPi has the potential to contribute to new, cost-effective measurements of ionospheric irregularity drifts in addition to scintillation and total electron content. Furthermore, the results indicate that these new ScintPi measurements can provide insight into the ionosphere-thermosphere coupling.
Upgrading 1D-2D flood models using satellite laser altimetry and multi-mission satellite surface water extent maps
Authors: Charoensuk Theerapol , Lorentzen Claudia Katrine Corvenius , Bak Anne Beukel , Luchner Jakob , Tøttrup Christian , Bauer-Gottwein Peter
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Digital elevation models (DEMs) are essential datasets, particularly for flood inundation mapping in one-dimensional (1D) to two-dimensional (2D) flood models. Given the current uncertainties stemming from changes in weather patterns affecting flooding, reducing inaccuracies in flood models is imperative. This study aims to enhance the performance of 1D-2D flood models using satellite Earth observation (EO) data in the lower Chao Phraya (CPY) basin. It introduces two workflows applied to upgrade the 1D-2D flood model: DEM analysis and flood map analysis. The DEM analysis workflow evaluates 10 DEM products (LDD, JICA, merged LDD-JICA, ASTER GDEM V3, STRMv3, MERIT, GLO30, FABDEMv1-2, TanDEM-X, and TanDEM-EDEM) using satellite laser altimetry data from the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) according to standard criteria for DEM selection as input to the flood model. Findings indicate that the merged LDD-JICA and FABDEMv1-2 DEMs exhibit the highest level of accuracy, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 1.93 and 1.95 m, respectively. The flood map analysis workflow involves comparing flood extent maps derived from multi-mission satellite datasets, and simulated flood maps. This study utilizes surface water extent (SWE) maps from the WorldWater project, obtained from the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imaging satellites, and flood maps from the Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA) in Thailand to verify flood maps produced by the 1D-2D flood model. The results reveal that the flood maps from the 1D-2D flood model tend to overestimate flood extent, with a critical success index (CSI) range of 0.072 – 0.230. Our study demonstrates the potential to enhance the skill of 1D-2D flood models using satellite EO data, thereby improving the reliability of flood inundation predictions.
Skill of seasonal flow forecasts at catchment scale: an assessment across South Korea
Authors: Lee Yongshin , Pianosi Francesca , Peñuela Andres , Rico-Ramirez Miguel Angel
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Recent advancements in numerical weather predictions have improved forecasting performance at longer lead times. Seasonal weather forecasts, providing predictions of weather variables for the next several months, have gained significant attention from researchers due to their potential benefits for water resources management. Many efforts have been made to generate seasonal flow forecasts (SFFs) by combining seasonal weather forecasts and hydrological models. However, producing SFFs with good skill at a finer catchment scale remains challenging, hindering their practical application and adoption by water managers. Consequently, water management decisions in both South Korea and numerous other countries continue to rely on worst-case scenarios and the conventional ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) method. This study investigates the potential of SFFs in South Korea at the catchment scale, examining 12 reservoir catchments of varying sizes (ranging from 59 to 6648 km2) over the last decade (2011–2020). Seasonal weather forecast data (including precipitation, temperature and evapotranspiration) from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF SEAS5) are used to drive the Tank model (conceptual hydrological model) to generate the flow ensemble forecasts. We assess the contribution of each weather variable to the performance of flow forecasting by isolating individual variables. In addition, we quantitatively evaluate the “overall skill” of SFFs, representing the probability of outperforming the benchmark (ESP), using the continuous ranked probability skill score (CRPSS). Our results highlight that precipitation is the most important variable in determining the performance of SFFs and that temperature also plays a key role during the dry season in snow-affected catchments. Given the coarse resolution of seasonal weather forecasts, a linear scaling method to adjust the forecasts is applied, and it is found that bias correction is highly effective in enhancing the overall skill. Furthermore, bias-corrected SFFs have skill with respect to ESP up to 3 months ahead, this being particularly evident during abnormally dry years. To facilitate future applications in other regions, the code developed for this analysis has been made available as an open-source Python package.
What can we learn from global disaster records about multi-hazards and their risk dynamics?
Authors: Jäger Wiebke S. , de Ruiter Marleen C. , Tiggeloven Timothy , Ward Philip J.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Recent studies have been reporting more extreme, compounding impacts from multi-hazards than from single hazard events owing to complex interrelationships of hazard, exposure and vulnerability in a multi-hazard setting. However, our current understanding of multi-hazard impacts is primarily based on case studies of individual events. To complement this, we examine the disaster records of the global emergency events database EM-DAT for the period 2000–2018 for evidence of multi-hazard risk dynamics. We develop an algorithm to identify multi-hazard events which uses the information on associated hazards as well as spatiotemporal relationships between disaster records in EM-DAT. We then perform a statistical analysis to assess potential risk dynamics in reported impacts of selected hazard pair types. We identified that twice as many hazards are part of multi-hazard events when considering a spatial overlap of at least 25 % and a time lag of at most 1 year between disaster records in addition to the information of associated hazards. These multi-hazard events account for 78 % of the total damages, 83 % of the total people affected and 69 % of the total deaths in the reported disasters. The statistical comparison indicates that there are different patterns of how impacts compound depending on the impact metric as well as the hazard type. However, as a general trend, hazard pairs seem to have at least as or more impact than two isolated single hazards. To capture the patterns and to integrate them into risk analysis and decision making, we propose the development of generic archetypes of multi-hazard risk dynamics. Despite the well-known limitations of EM-DAT related to completeness of the records as well as reliability of the impact data, which prevents detailed analyses of the data, we found the database useful for exploring high-level patterns at the global scale. Nonetheless, the uncertainties and limitations encountered highlight that future research should be directed at improving and supporting the multi-hazard and impact information in EM-DAT.
Characterization of in situ cosmogenic 14CO production, retention and loss in firn and shallow ice at Summit, Greenland
Authors: Hmiel Benjamin , Petrenko Vasilii V. , Buizert Christo , Smith Andrew M. , Dyonisius Michael N. , Place Philip , Yang Bin , Hua Quan , Beaudette Ross , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. , Harth Christina , Weiss Ray F. , Davidge Lindsey , Diaz Melisa , Pacicco Matthew , Menking James A. , Kalk Michael , Faïn Xavier , Adolph Alden , Vimont Isaac , Murray Lee T.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Measurements of carbon-14-containing carbon monoxide (14CO) in glacial ice are useful for studies of the past oxidative capacity of the atmosphere as well as for reconstructing the past cosmic ray flux. The 14CO abundance in glacial ice represents the combination of trapped atmospheric 14CO and in situ cosmogenic 14CO. The systematics of in situ cosmogenic 14CO production and retention in ice are not fully quantified, posing an obstacle to interpretation of ice core 14CO measurements. Here we provide the first comprehensive characterization of 14CO at an ice accumulation site (Summit, Greenland), including measurements in the ice grains of the firn matrix, firn air and bubbly ice below the firn zone. The results are interpreted with the aid of a firn gas transport model into which we implemented in situ cosmogenic 14C. We find that almost all (≈ 99.5 %) of in situ 14CO that is produced in the ice grains in firn is very rapidly (in <1 year) lost to the open porosity and from there mostly vented to the atmosphere. The timescale of this rapid loss is consistent with what is expected from gas diffusion through ice. The small fraction of in situ 14CO that initially stays in the ice grains continues to slowly leak out to the open porosity at a rate of ≈ 0.6 % yr−1. Below the firn zone we observe an increase in 14CO content with depth that is due to in situ 14CO production by deep-penetrating muons, confirming recent estimates of 14CO production rates in ice via the muon mechanisms and allowing for narrowing constraints on these production rates.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PAKAN IKAN BAGI KELOMPOK BUDIDAYA IKAN MENGGUNAKAN MESIN CETAK PELET MANUAL
Authors: Arif Rakhman Suharso  , Deri Herdawan  , Wahyu Ari Putranto  , Dhesi Wulan Sari  , Khaeroman  , Sri Tutie Rahayu  , Ario Hendartono  , Marina Artiyasa
Published: July 2024

Peran perekonomian yang dipegang oleh UMKM sangat penting dan besar dalam pembangunan ekonomi nasional karena berkontribusi dalam mengatasi pengaguran dan menggerakkan roda perekonomian. UMKM budidaya ikan lele saat ini termasuk salah satu usaha yang cukup marak dijalankan mengingat banyaknya permintaan dan tingginya kebutuhan pemasokan. Salah satu faktor penting dalam keberhasilan panen budidaya ikan lele yaitu pakan ikan. Kegiatan budidaya ikan lele oleh Kelompok Budidaya Ikan Karya Maju (Pokdakan) di Kelurahan Beji, Ungaran pada umumnya telah berjalan dengan cukup baik, namun masih terdapat beberapa aspek yang dapat ditingkatkan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh kelompok UMKM tersebut yaitu masih kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai cara pembuatan pakan ikan yang baik. Kegiatan PKM ini memfasilitasi peserta untuk dapat membuat pakan ikan dengan baik demi hasil panen yang optimal. Penyuluhan dilakukan melalui metode ceramah dan praktek langsung. Berdasarkan observasi dan evaluasi, kegiatan ini memberikan dampak positif bagi peserta. Beberapa kendala dan tantangan ditemukan selama pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan perlu ditindaklanjuti agar kegiatan selanjutnya berjalan dengan lebih optimal.
Renúncias fiscais e Análise Econômica do Direito: entre a extrafiscalidade e a teoria das externalidades, de Cecil Pigou
Authors: Cavaleiro de Macedo Scaff Luma , Gondim Neves Braga Carlos
Published: July 2024

The research studies the relationship between tax waivers and the economic analysis of Law. It proposes an analysis between the objectives of extrafiscality and Cecil Pigou’s Theory of Externalities, given the assumption that tax waivers can generate undesired/expected effects. Using the hypothetical deductive method with bibliographical research, we sought to analyze whether it is possible to correlate tax waivers with the economic analysis of Law focused on Pigou’s dilemma and, broadly speaking, therefore, observe effects on tax waivers that are not linked to their extrafiscal objectives. The question is asked about the correlation between tax waivers and economic analysis of the law to, in a more limited way, ask whether the negative external effects are compatible with extrafiscality. The research is divided into three stages: the first deals with the Fiscal State and tax revenue waivers; the second examines taxation in light of the phenomenon of taxation and extrafiscality; the third proposes a reading of revenue waivers with the economic analysis of the law. Therefore, if possible external consequences, which are attributable to tax waivers, are compatible with the objectives of extrafiscal taxation.
Minding the gap: Assessing patient expectations versus experiences in drug information services at community health centers (Puskesmas) in Indonesia urban settings
Authors: Azizah Rezki N. , Habibie Habibie , Arsyad Dian S. , Bahar Muhammad A.
Published: July 2024

In pharmaceutical care, patients' perceptions of drug information provided by pharmacists are vital for assessing pharmaceutical services at community health centers (in Indonesian known as Puskesmas). The aim of this study was to determine the alignment between patients' expectations and experiences of drug information services by pharmacists at Puskesmas in Indonesia. This multicenter cross-sectional study utilized a validated questionnaire among outpatient patients aged 18 years and above across all 47 Puskesmas in Makassar, Indonesia. A total of 622 respondents were interviewed between September to December 2023. Significant gaps were observed between patients' expectations and experiences regarding all the drug information aspects such as quantity (median: 4 vs 3, p<0.001), drug effects (median: 4 vs 3, p<0.001), dosage form (median: 3 vs 3, p<0.001), proper administration (median: 4 vs 4, p<0.001), side effects (median: 4 vs 2, p<0.001), storage (median: 3 vs 2, p<0.001), drug-drug interactions (median: 4 vs 2, p<0.001), drug-food interactions (median: 4 vs 2, p<0.001), handling missed dose (median: 3 vs 2, p<0.001), managing accidental overdoses (median: 4 vs 2, p<0.001), history of drug use (median: 3 vs 2, p<0.001), co-medications (median: 3 vs 2, p<0.001), and previous drug allergies (median: 3 vs 2, p<0.001). Sociodemographic factors influencing patients' need for drug information services encompass age, sex, educational attainment, comorbidities, family size, number of visits, monthly income, and occupation. The quality of drug information services at Puskesmas in Indonesia still requires optimization and customization to meet the specific needs of patients, taking into account their sociodemographic characteristics.
Strategi Kepala Madrasah dalam Pelaksanaan Merdeka Belajar Di MTs Negeri 2 Musi Banyuasin
Authors: Mardianah Mardianah
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the Madrasah Head's leadership style at MTs Negara 2 Musi Banyuasin. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach. Interviews, observation, and documentation were used to collect data. The education curriculum, madrasah management, institutional organization, financing of facilities and infrastructure, educators and education staff, administration, students, and residents around the madrasah were found to be supporting factors in improving the Independent Learning program in madrasah. The madrasah will function well if all of these factors are in place and operating in accordance with existing regulations. A more suitable environment will be created, and the quality of education in madrasah will improve. As a result, the madrasah principle plays a crucial role, as the quality of a madrasah will be reflected in the policies followed by the madrasah principal.
Metafisika, Epistemologi, Metodologi, Logika, Etika, Estetika, dan Sejarah Filsafat
Authors: Suprianto Hendra
Published: July 2024

This article is intended to describe the branches of philosophy and the history of philosophy and their scope, both descriptively and analytically. From the results of the review it can be seen that there are 6 branches of philosophy, namely metaphysics, epistemology, methodology, logic, ethics and aesthetics. Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that discusses the problem of existence. Aristotle does not use the term metaphysics but uses the term protophilosophia. Epistemology comes from Greek, namely episteme means knowledge and logos means word, thought and knowledge. The methodologies commonly used are Bayani methodology and Burhani methodology. Logic cannot be separated from the process of finding out the values of truth and authenticity. Ethics is the main branch of philosophy that studies values or qualities which are the study of moral standards and judgments. Aesthetics is a science that discusses beauty, how it is formed, and how someone feels it.
Comparative Study of Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Bioavailability of Paclitaxel Liposome with Raw Drug
Authors: Bose Preeta , Kumar De Pintu , Das Dibya , Samajdar Gourav
Published: July 2024

The bioavailability of the test preparation was evaluated using a randomised cross-over experiment with two way, two period, and two treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the bioavailability of the test preparation. The objective of this research was to examine the pharmacokinetic characteristics of paclitaxel liposome and to compare the comparative bioavailability of paclitaxel raw drug in two groups, each of which consisted of six rats. It was decided at random which of the two groups would get the paclitaxel raw drug and which would receive the paclitaxel liposomes. It is possible to draw the conclusion that the test preparation, which is the liposome formulation, is more bioavailable compared to the reference raw drug on the basis of the pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, tmax, AUCo-t, and AUC0-inf, as well as t1/2 and kel that were investigated. This is possible due to the fact that the parameters which were investigated have all given us positive results.
РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПОЧВ ПРИРОДНО-ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ПРИИССЫККУЛЬЯ
Authors: Калдыбаев Бакыт , Дженбаев Бекмамат , Кадырова Гулькаир , Осмонбаева Кымбат
Published: July 2024

В статье представлены результаты радиоэкологических исследований почв природно-техногенных экосистем Прииссыккулья. Физико-географическое расположение и геологическое строение Иссык-Кульской котловины во многом определяют её как провинцию с повышенным содержанием естественного урана, образовавшуюся, за счет рассеяния урана из выветренных горных пород и гранитов, и аккумуляции его в осадочных породах и почвах. К техногенным источникам радиоактивности в регионе относится хвостохранилище переработки радиоактивного угля в поселке Каджы-Сай, расположенное на южном побережье озера Иссык-Куль, которое рекультивировано в 2019 году в рамках международной программы «Рекультивация территорий государств ЕврАзЭС, подвергшихся воздействию уранодобывающих производств».  Рекультивация Каджи-Сайского хвостохранилища внесла существенный вклад в обеспечение радиационной безопасности.  Проведенные в 2023 году радиоэкологические исследования показали, что уровень радиационного фона, удельная активность радионуклидов в почвах региона варьирует в пределах нормы.
Investigation of Machine Learning-based Software Definition Network for Intrusion Detection in IoT
Authors: Sarika
Published: July 2024

The World Wide Web of Things will impact many aspects of our lives. Home automation gadgets, sensors, and garments use it. Internet of Things devices shine out for connectivity, wide use, and cheap computing power. By 2024, 50 billion items will be connected to the Web as gadgets for the Internet of Things develop increasingly prevalent. IoT-enabled software-defined networks manage large amounts of unpredictable internet traffic. However, huge internet traffic makes it hard to identify fraudulent activity. IoT device safety investigations are best done with machine learning and deep learning. SDN-based IoT vulnerability protocols, architecture, and dangers are the focus of this study. Intrusion detection methods are listed below. The investigation also examines machine learning and deep learning strategies for detecting Internet of Things gadgets at risk of infiltration.
Kombinasi Senam Mata Dan Pemberian Terapi Komplementer Herbal Kencur Terhadap Astenopia Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan
Authors: Aryani Atik , Widiyono Widiyono , Ariastuti Reni
Published: July 2024

Using a computer for a long duration of time can cause symptoms of Computer Eyes Syndrome or often called asthenopia. Eye fatigue is bad for health, decreasing the quality of visual acuity, decreasing one's quality of life and decreasing productivity levels. One of the efforts to overcome asthenopia with eye exercises is the Bates method and combined with the administration of kencur. This study aims to analyze the effect of Bates method eye exercises combined with kencur administration in reducing asthenopia symptoms in college students. This study used a one group pre-test post-test design. This study provides an intervention of Bates method eye exercises combined with the administration of kencur by looking at differences in asthenopia symptoms. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with a total sample size of 37 students. Asthenopia was measured using an asthenopia (eye fatigue) checklist questionnaire.Â  The results showed that before being given the intervention all respondents experienced asthenopia, then after being given the intervention for 6 days there was a decrease in asthenopia symptoms, namely 31 respondents (83.8%) did not experience asthenopia and 6 respondents (16.2%) still experienced asthenopia. The results of the difference test obtained a p value of 0.0001 (p value <0.05) which means that there is an effect of a combination of eye exercises and complementary therapy of kencur herbs on asthenopia in students of Sahid University Surakarta.
EDUKASI PERAWATAN DIRI PADA ANAK THALASEMIA: LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Immawati Immawati , Utami Indhit Tri , Nurhayati Sri , Supardi Supardi
Published: July 2024

Anak thalassemia akan mengalami kekurangan darah karena trombosit merah tidak mengandung hemoglobin yang cukup. Produksi hemoglobin berkurang ini akan menyebabkan pasokan energi tidak dapat terpenuhi, sehingga fungsi tubuh pun terganggu dan tidak mampu lagi menjalankan aktivitasnya secara normal. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisa pengaruh self care education pada anak Thalasemia. Â Metode Â penelitian ini adalah literature review melalui pencarian artikel yang relevan dari database elektronik (ProQuest dan Google scholar ) menggunakan kata kunci â€self careâ€, â€œself efficacyâ€, â€œanak Thalasemiaâ€. Artikel yang dianalisis dari tahun 2019 sampai 2023 didapatkan empat (4)Â  artikel yang sudah dianalisa. Hasil penelitian perilaku perawatan diri anak thalassemia pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok control terlihat terdapat perbedaan setelah dilakukan intervensi. Terdapat peningkatan kemampuan selfcare yang signifikan setelah dilakukan intervensi edukasi. Self care education lebih signifikan meningkat pada penggunaan media mobile phone atau smart phone dibandingkan metode ceramah dan kelompok control.
Biocultural aspects of extinction
Authors: Ladle Richard
Published: July 2024

Predicting whether a species is likely to go extinct (or not) is one of the fundamental objectives of conservation biology, and extinction risk classifications have become an essential tool for conservation policy, planning and research. This sort of prediction is feasible because the extinction processes follow a familiar pattern of population decline, range collapse and fragmentation, and, finally, extirpation of sub-populations through a combination of genetic, demographic and environmental stochasticity. Though less well understood and rarely quantified, the way in which science and society respond to population decline, extirpation and species extinction can also have a profound influence, either negative or positive, on whether a species goes extinct. For example, species that are highly sought after by collectors and hobbyists can become more desirable and valuable as they become rarer, leading to increased demand and greater incentives for illegal trade – known as the anthropogenic Allee effect. Conversely, species that are strongly linked to cultural identity are more likely to benefit from sustainable management, high public support for conservation actions and fund-raising, and, by extension, may be partially safeguarded from extinction. More generally, human responses to impending extinctions are extremely complex, are highly dependent on cultural and socioeconomic context, and have typically been far less studied than the ecological and genetic aspects of extinction. In this seminar I identify and discuss biocultural aspects of extinction and outline how recent advances in our ability to measure and monitor cultural trends with big data are, despite their intrinsic limitations and biases, providing new opportunities for incorporating biocultural factors into extinction risk assessment.
Procedural Map Generation for 'Splatted': Enhancing Player Experience through Genetic Algorithms and AI Finite State Machines in a Snowball Throwing Game
Authors: Hariyanto Lukky , Armanto Hendrawan
Published: July 2024

Games, a now extremely prevalent form of global entertainment, have emerged as a leading industry in the entertainment media, surpassing other entertainment media such as books, films, and music. However, game development is a complex endeavor, requiring a diverse set of talents to create a decent game for people to enjoy. Some of the talents needed to create a good game is a game designer, which dictates how a player can interact with the world, a writer, which pours a meaningful story inside said world, and a composer, which uses music to elevate the emotions evoked by the game and its events. With that being said, this research aims to streamline the creation process of the game designers, specifically the level designers by focusing on procedural map generation and artificial intelligence to create a map that is in a playable state for the players to play in. Procedural map generation, facilitated by a genetic algorithm inspired by Darwin's evolutionary theory, expedites the level design process. The research explores two types of map generation—tile-based and template-based, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. Through user acceptance tests and expert-level analysis, it is evident that the genetic algorithm performs effectively, achieving a noteworthy level of player satisfaction.
Predictive Buyer Behavior Model as Customer Retention Optimization Strategy in E-commerce
Authors: Hakim Muhammad A. A. , Terttiaavini Terttiaavini
Published: July 2024

Lazada is one of the rapidly growing E-commerce platforms in this digital era. One of the main challenges faced by Lazada is customer retention, where customers make purchases once or a few times before switching to other platforms. Therefore, it is important to understand buyer behavior in E-commerce through customer prediction to identify factors influencing retention. This study employs the Random Forest (RF) method to analyze Lazada customer data and formulate more effective marketing strategies. The analysis is conducted by loading preprocessed datasets into the KNIME workflow and utilizing various nodes and algorithms available in KNIME to build and evaluate predictive models. The Random Forest model is trained multiple times to achieve the highest Accuracy rate, which is 72.472%, with a fairly high level of agreement and a balanced trade-off between recall and precision. Additionally, this model successfully predicts that customers purchasing electronic equipment are potentially churning at a rate of 3.85%. Subsequently, customer strategy analysis for customer retention optimization in the E-commerce industry is conducted through data visualization using Tableau. Predictive analysis of customer behavior serves as a strong foundation for formulating effective retention strategies in the E-commerce industry. With this approach, Lazada can enhance customer experience and ensure sustainability in facing the increasingly fierce competition in the digital market.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Berbicara dengan Menggunakan Metode Cerita Berantai Siswa Kelas XI 2 SMAN 4 Pinrang
Authors: Sutrawati Sutrawati , Akidah Ihramsari , Puspitasari Andi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mendeskripsikan proses pemakaian metode cerita berantai untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berbicara murid kelas XI 2 SMA Negeri 4 Pinrang dan untuk mendapat perolehan keterampilan berbicara bermetode cerita berantai. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Sumber data dipenelitian ini menggunakan metode Cerita Berantai, secara mengkalkulasi total murid dikelas sejumlah 25 siswa, laki-laki sejumlah 10 serta perempuan sejumlah 16 murid. Penelitian ini memakai teknik tes, observasi, serta dokumentasi. Sesudah didapati, data yang di butuhkan lalu di analisis menggunakan teknik kuantitatif serta deskriptif. Perolehan penelitian disiklus I menunjukkan nilai pembelajaran murid sejumlah 26% serta di siklus II sejumlah 92%. Kesimpulannya adalah penggunaan metode cerita berantai pada keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas XI dapat dikatakan berhasil dan memberikan peningkatan pada hasil belajar siswa.
Pendidikan Kesehatan dan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan untuk Penanganan Diare pada Balita dengan Formula Bubur Tempe di Wilayah Puskesmas Sei Jang
Authors: Sari Komala , Nirnasari Meily , Putriani Kony
Published: July 2024

Diare dapat terjadi akibat dari konsumsi makanan maupun minuman yang terkontaminasi oleh bakteri, virus, atau parasit. Mayoritas penderita diare adalah anak berusia dibawah lima tahun (balita) dengan prevalensi sebesar 12,2%. Penyakit diare dapat berakibat fatal apabila penderita diare mengalami dehidrasi berat. Pemberian bubur tempe kepada penderita diare ini dapat mempersingkat durasi diare akut serta mempercepat pertambahan berat badan setelah menderita diare akut. Diare masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan anak khususnya didaerah pesisir dan dapat menimbulkan kejadian luar biasa. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada masyarakat dalam menanganani kasus kejadian diare pada balita serta pembuatan makanan tambahan berbahan tempe yang mengandung tinggi protein, asam amino serta prebiotik dan probiotik. Metode yang digunakan dikemas dalam bentuk pendidikan kesehatan beserta cara pembuatan pembuatan bubur tempe sebagai makan tambahan dalam penanganan diare. Hasil didapatkan setelah dilakukan Pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang penanganan diare dengan pemberian bubur tempe telah membuktikan bahwa pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat meningkat.
Promotion of men's health in Primary Care
Authors: Cetolin Sirlei Favero , Trissoldi Lediane Paula , Dagostin Suelen Raquel , Marmitt Luana Patricia
Published: July 2024

This article aims to identify actions developed in the Men's Health Program within the scope of Primary Care. A descriptive research was carried out, of a qualitative nature, using an interview with twenty-five permanent professionals, from the Municipal Secretariats and with the role of coordinators of Primary Health Care. Data collection took place in the first half of the year 2023. The results demonstrated that not all participants develop health educational and preventive actions for violence and accidents in the teams' territory. However, all participants highlighted that they carry out specific actions and activities, relating to Blue November.  It is imperative in this context to qualify men's health care, with a view to establishing and implementing lines of care that protect access and comprehensiveness, ensuring, above all, the promotion of health and the prevention of avoidable diseases.
Análisis del rendimiento de mano de obra en partidas comparados con Normas Estandarizadas de CAPECO en obras de pavimentos rígidos en la av. Juan Velazco Alvarado y Bellavista, en el distrito de Pichanaqui, provincia de Chanchamayo - Departamento de Junín
Authors: Ñaurima Ortega Herbert , Alama Flores Alessandro Joel , Rojas Bermudo Cándida Sonia , Borja Espinoza Jans Jherson , Allcahuaman Ávila Jorge Luis , Paiz Bedregal Piero Samir
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación centró en determinar los rendimientos de mano de obra en obras de pavimento rígido en partidas que influyen en el rendimiento real de mano de obra, en el distrito de Pichanaqui en la provincia de Chanchamayo, debido a la variabilidad en los factores que los afectan las partidas como principalmente el clima. Para ello se consideró determinar aplicar una metodología en los rendimientos en las partidas que tienen mayor incidencia en pavimentos rígidos. El estudio se inicia en el mes de Abril del 2024, donde se cuenta con 6 obras relacionadas al pavimento rígido. Por lo mismo se compararon los rendimientos reales obtenidos con los estándares normalizados utilizados por la Municipalidad de Pichanaqui y CAPECO en Lima-Callao, encontrando variaciones significativas. Este estudio pretende mejorar el rendimiento de obra en los expedientes técnico reales y no tener problemas con el control de avance de la obra. La metodología es de observación directa en pavimentos rígidos que se ejecuta en la ciudad de Pichanaqui. Para concluir en el presente articulo científico, se puede afirmar que las temperaturas si afecta rendimientos reales y los normalizados de mano de obra, considerando en partidas donde se requiere mayor personal sugiriendo la necesidad de ajustar estos últimos para reflejar la realidad del distrito de Pichanaqui. En consecuencia, se buscan proporcionar datos precisos para mejorar la planificación y el control de obras, optimizando recursos y costos.
Discursos sobre el pensamiento crítico y su relación con las estrategias y métodos de enseñanza
Authors: Botero Bedoya Sandra Milena , Gómez Gómez María Patricia , Acevedo Viana Jonathan Alexis
Published: July 2024

Este artículo pretende mostrar los principales hallazgos conceptuales acerca del pensamiento crítico y su relación con las estrategias y métodos de enseñanza. Lo anterior, se sustenta en el rastreo bibliográfico del tema, por medio del análisis de producciones investigativas de tesis y doctorados, textos reflexivos y artículos de libros; además, se evidencian los antecedentes históricos y actuales que expresan una visión amplia de la investigación. Se fundamentó en un diseño cualitativo-descriptivo, de tipo documental. El proceso de investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender los discursos sobre el pensamiento crítico y su relación con las estrategias y métodos de enseñanza durante los años 1991 y 2020. Entre las conclusiones se evidenció la relación existente entre las estrategias educativas utilizadas por el docente y el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes de educación superior.
Evidências terapêuticas para o forame oval patente em pacientes adultos com AVC criptogênico: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Assunção Ana Carolina Almeida Batista , Carvalho Plínio Aragão de , Farias Ana Carolina do Nascimento Calles , Tenório Yuri Cavalcanti Albuquerque
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a melhor evidência para o tratamento do forame oval patente em pacientes com AVC criptogênico. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de revisão de escopo, utilizando a metodologia de revisão proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), conduzido por meio de base de dados eletrônicos como PubMed, SciELO, BVS e ScienceDirect. Foram selecionados estudos de pacientes com histórico de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) criptogênico e forame oval patente (FOP). Resultados:  O estudo em questão, apresentou uma média de idade de 45,75 anos, sendo 54,98% do sexo masculino e 45,02% do sexo feminino e de 3,59 anos de acompanhamento. Em 75% desses estudos selecionados, foi evidenciado um melhor benefício do fechamento do FOP com Amplatzer quando comparado com a terapia médica com anticoagulantes e antiplaquetários. Conclusão: De acordo com os estudos clínicos randomizados, podemos concluir que o fechamento do forame oval patente resulta em uma redução significativa de AVC recorrente em comparação com a terapia médica. Neste cenário, o uso do dispositivo de fechamento percutâneo mostrou evidências de maior relevância e benefícios clínicos.
Isolation and Characterization of Bacterial Strains Contaminating the Metallic Keyboards of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) of Commercial Banks in Akure Metropolis
Authors: Adesina William , Ogunbiyi Oluwagbenga John , Wahab Adewale Ibrahim , Oladunmoye Muftau Kolawole , Omorinola Alake Aishat
Published: July 2024

Background. Automated Teller Machine (ATM) contamination occurs indiscriminately in cities. ATMs have become a medium for transmitting infectious diseases; hence, this study was carried out to examine the level of bacterial contamination on ATM keyboards. Methods. Samples were collected from the metallic keyboards of ATMs at nine different commercial banks using moistened commercial sterile swab sticks and sterilized peptone water. After collection, samples were plated on different agar forms using the pour-plating method and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The bacterial isolates were culturally identified and molecularly characterized using 16s rRNA Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), DNA gene extraction, and sequence blasting. Results. The bacterial isolates identified include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus, among others. 16s rRNA sequencing confirmed the presence of Escherichia coli strain NBRC 102203, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50071, Salmonella typhi SKST, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313, and Staphylococcus aureus S33R. Conclusion. ATM keyboards are contaminated with various bacterial genera, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most prominent bacterium found. Therefore, adequate measures to ensure safety when using ATMs are necessary.
Study on the Impact of Lamprey Sex Ratio Variations on Ecosystem Dynamics from a Food Web Perspective
Authors: Cheng Nuo , Jv Haoting , Zhang Xunwei
Published: July 2024

This study explores the impact of variations in the sex ratio of lampreys on ecosystem dynamics within a food web context. Using the Volterra predation and prey model, the research analyzes the natural growth and decline rates of populations, predator-prey relationships, and competition. The paper examines how changes in the sex ratio of lampreys affect the populations of herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores, as well as the survival of indigenous people. The analysis utilizes biological data from juvenile sea lampreys and employs Matlab for data fitting, establishing a relationship between the sex ratio of lampreys and the availability of food in the ecosystem. The findings highlight the interconnectedness of species within the food web and the significant role of sex ratio variations in lampreys on the larger ecosystem.
Codon usage bias analysis of 22 Anemone
Authors: Yu Zeyue
Published: July 2024

Codon preference analysis for the rbcL gene of Ranunculaceae plants remains to be completed, and for this purpose we selected 10801 codons from 23 Ranunculaceae Juss. plants for analysis. Among them, 30 codons had relative synonymous codon usage values greater than or equal to 1. The codon endings were preferred to A and U, among which U was more preferred. Neutrality plot analysis, ENC-GC3s plot analysis and PR2 bias plot analysis showed that codon preference in Anemone L. was mainly influenced by selection pressure. Cluster analysis showed that a phylogenetic tree could be constructed for Anemone L. based on relative synonymous codon usage values. Comparison with codon usage frequencies in model organisms indicated that Arabidopsis thaliana and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are more suitable vectors for exogenous expression of the rbcL gene in Anemone L. plants. These results help to elucidate the molecular biological characteristics of Ranunculaceae Juss. plants for further exploitation of Ranunculaceae Juss. plant resources in areas such as synthetic biology.
Study of Plot Development from the Perspective of Transitivity Analysis
Authors: Pang Yafei
Published: July 2024

This paper analyzes the short novel A Woman on a Roof by Doris Lessing from the perspective of transitivity analysis, focusing on how the development of plot is revealed through transitivity analysis within Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar. Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar is designed for the purpose of text analysis and to account for how the language is used. The conclusion of this study is that transitivity analysis is a powerful tool in analyzing literary works and it also provides us with a new perspective to appreciate and evaluate literary works.
Influence of Technology Integration on Students’ Engagement on Physical Education
Authors: Gong Jiewei , Castro Dr.Rosita , Chen Yonghong
Published: July 2024

As a physical education worker, integrating technology into learning in physical education curriculum will improve students' self-efficacy, increase students' motivation and enjoyment of exercise, and improve students' attitude towards physical activities. The quantitative research and design of TPACK knowledge of PE teachers are carried out. Surveys or structured assessments will be used to measure the proficiency of physical education teachers in integrating technology in the context of their teaching practices. The integration of technology in the physical education curriculum presents a dynamic and evolving landscape with potential implications for student engagement and learning outcomes. Since most research has been conducted within the confluence of traditional physical education teaching practices and technological tools, there is an urgent need to examine the multifaceted impact on students' educational experiences.
Interfacial Engineering in Organic Photovoltaics: Enhancing Efficiency through Material Innovations
Authors: Xu Xinyao
Published: July 2024

Interfacial engineering has emerged as a critical aspect of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. This paper's comprehensive review explores the significant advancements in interfacial layer design and material innovations that have revolutionized the field of OPVs. By examining the advantages and impact of interfacial layers, the study highlights the crucial role of advanced materials such as conductive polymers, inorganic nanomaterials, and self-assembled monolayers in optimizing device performance. The review delves into engineering strategies, including energy level alignment, hybrid interfacial layers, and layer thickness and uniformity control, which have proven instrumental in overcoming challenges associated with charge transport and selectivity. Furthermore, the article discusses the future directions and emerging approaches in interfacial engineering, such as the exploration of two-dimensional materials, machine learning-assisted material discovery, and the development of multifunctional layers. By providing valuable insights into the cutting-edge technology and the remaining challenges, the review serves as a roadmap for researchers aiming to unlock the full potential of OPVs as a sustainable and efficient renewable energy technology.