bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tell el-Amarna, Autumn 2020 to Autumn 2021
Authors: Stevens Anna , Dabbs Gretchen R. , Bos Jolanda E. M. F. , Mérat Amandine
Published: December 2022

Fieldwork at Amarna from autumn 2020 through autumn 2021 included a second season of excavation at the North Desert Cemetery, and the continuation of several post-excavation projects. Those reported on here are the preliminary study of skeletal materials and hair from the North Desert Cemetery itself, along with the ongoing study of textiles from the South Tombs and North Cliffs Cemeteries. Site management initiatives included the construction of two protective boundary walls at the north end of Amarna.
Synthesis of cross-linked polymer based on purified Sterculia foetida L. gum as a potential hemostatic agent
Authors: Le Xuan Tien , Tong Thanh Danh , Le Thanh Tung , Dung Pham Nguyen Thuy , Bach Long Giang
Published: December 2022

A method for purifying the polysaccharides from Sterculia foetida L. gum was developed. The effects of purifying conditions were also studied. Results have shown that the conditions of pH 0.5, temperature of 80°C, and 2.5-h reaction duration gave the best polysaccharides yield. The mineral content and the molecular weight of the obtained polysaccharides were measured for characterization. The cross-linking of the polysaccharides with citric acid in order to achieve a desired polymer was performed successfully. The obtained polymers under different conditions were evaluated for the potential application as a hemostatic agent, including tests of swelling behavior in different fluids, whole-blood clotting time and enzymatic bio-degradation. Results have shown that the citric acid/polysaccharides ratio of 0.01 produced a comparative yield of polymer flakes with increased swelling properties, as well as shortened in vitro blood clotting time and gradual biodegradability in three experimental days. Therefore, the citric acid/polysaccharides ratio of 0.01 was selected for the subsequent experiment to obtain the polymer after 1.5 h of purification, which gave the best swelling properties, 20 times the initial weight, reduced the whole-blood clotting time by 50% and showed a rapid bio-degradation. The results obtained from this study provide essential knowledge on the research of the use of S. foetida gum polysaccharides as a passive hemostatic agent, thereby extending the potential pharmaceutical applications of natural polysaccharides in Vietnam.
Personality change through a digital-coaching intervention: Using measurement invariance testing to distinguish between trait domain, facet, and nuance change
Authors: Olaru Gabriel , Stieger Mirjam , Rüegger Dominik , Kowatsch Tobias , Flückiger Christoph , Roberts Brent W , Allemand Mathias
Published: December 2022

Recent intervention research has shown that personality traits can be modified through psychological interventions. However, it is unclear whether reported effects represent changes in the trait domain or only some facets or items. Using data ( N = 552) from a recent intervention trial, the present study examined the effects of a digital-coaching intervention on self- and observer-reported personality facets and items. We focused on participants who wanted to decrease in Negative Emotionality, increase in Conscientiousness or increase in Extraversion. We used measurement invariance testing to examine which level of the trait domain hierarchy changed during the intervention. For the self-reports, we found some heterogeneity in the effects on all three trait domains, but most notably Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Specifically, participants reported to increase strongly on sociability (Extraversion), and moderately on productiveness and organization (Conscientiousness), but not on the other facets of these trait domains. Observers generally reported small but non-significant changes, with no scalar invariance violations except for Extraversion. Overall, this suggests considerable heterogeneity in intervention-related personality change that can be overlooked if only focusing on the trait domain level. We discuss the relevance of measurement invariance testing and measurement approaches for personality development and intervention research.
Prepreg age monitoring and qualitative prediction of mechanical performance of composite using dielectric state variables
Authors: Rabby Monjur Morshed , Das Partha Pratim , Rahman Minhazur , Vadlamudi Vamsee , Raihan Rassel
Published: December 2022

The aviation and automobile industries have recently depended on thermoset epoxy-based prepreg as a raw material for manufacturing composites. Since prepregs have a limited out-life (i.e., the maximum storing time allowed at room temperature), they must be stored in refrigerators at low temperatures. If not maintained, they can often adversely affect the desired quality of the final product. Prepregs are often discarded once the prepreg out-life ends, leading to a loss of millions of dollars and a detrimental impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple method to monitor prepreg aging/degradation in order to ensure its usability or repurpose prepreg usage. In this study, we used broadband dielectric spectroscopy to monitor the degradation state of the glass fiber/epoxy prepreg sample stored at room temperature, and the data has been used to predict the mechanical performance of the final manufactured composite part. The frequency-based nondestructive dielectric measuring technique was used to calculate the dielectric strength and relaxation time of the prepregs. The dielectric strength decreased and relaxation time increased with aging, allowing the aging progression to be captured. Furthermore, with aging, the real permittivity value changes to a lower value and the relaxation peak in imaginary permittivity with respect to frequency shifts to a lower frequency. The physics behind this dielectric measurement method has been understood in the context of analyzing the prepreg’s cure kinetics parameters, which has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Overall, this simple dielectric-based monitoring technology will provide confidence in the future use of degraded or out-of-life raw material systems for manufacturing.
The Impact of Organizational Training Operations Management on Job Performance: An Empirical Study on Jordanian Government Institutions
Authors: Al-Khasawneh Akif Lutfi , Eyadat Haitham M. , Alrawad Mahmaod , Almaiah Mohammed , Lutfi Abd Alwali
Published: December 2022

The study aimed at identifying the impact of the organizational training operations management with its four elements (identifying training needs, designing training programmes, implementing training programmes and evaluating training programmes) on job performance (impression and learning). The study, which relied on the descriptive-analytical approach, targeted all employees (i.e., 885) in the Jordanian government institutions in the Irbid governorate, which was included in the study, using the intentional sampling method. The questionnaire was adopted as a tool for data collection and a total of 311 questionnaires were retrieved from the total, with 27 excluded due to the incompleteness of the data and their unsuitability for statistical analysis. Therefore, 284 valid questionnaires were used for statistical analysis and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-22) was used to analyse the data. The study found that the process of applying organizational training in its various dimensions achieved a medium level of satisfaction from the employees’ point of view. The study also found that there was a statistically positive impact of the organizational training operations on job performance in all its dimensions. The study recommended the need for senior management to adopt training programmes according to the strategic objectives, and support them continuously, materially and morally. The study stressed the need to evaluate the trainees before enrolling in a training programme to determine his or her level of knowledge.
Juvenile Bone Toxicity: Study Considerations, Regulations, and Techniques for Assessment
Authors: Morford LaRonda , Baracani Ronee , Varela Aurore , Tatiparthi Arun , Summan Mukesh , McVean Maralee , Funk Kathleen A.
Published: December 2022

Recommendations on study designs that adequately evaluate the in-life effects leading to juvenile bone toxicity, the various imaging modalities that can aid interpretation of the bone effects, biomarkers that may be useful, and regulatory issues were presented in this 2020 ACT symposium. The pathologies encountered in past studies were briefly mentioned. The first speaker covered study design and the numbers of juveniles that may be necessary to power the evaluation. Changes in the International Council for Harmonisation (IHC) guidelines were reviewed. The second speaker launched the rest of the symposium by describing the tools that may help assess juvenile bone toxicity, specifically those used to monitor bone toxicity, healing, and remodeling as they relate or drive the study design including model, species selection, and age. The third speaker addressed in more depth the micro-Computed Tomography (CT) applications in juvenile toxicology for evaluation of skeletal elements and bone growth in both embryo-fetal development (EFD) and pre and postnatal development (PPND) studies. Lastly, a regulatory perspective on strategies to assess juvenile bone toxicity and the concerns of the regulatory agency with respect to these potential changes in the juvenile population was addressed.
Presumed sympathetic ophthalmia following scleral buckling surgery: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lucchini Sara , Govetto Andrea , Carini Elisa , Casalino Giuseppe , Donati Simone , Radice Paolo
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To report a case of presumed sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) following scleral buckling (SB) surgery and to discuss the possible pathogenesis of this condition by reviewing the current evidence on this subject.

Methods

Case report and narrative review of the literature; our case was imaged with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).

Results

A 55-year-old man presented with a macula on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment which was treated with 360° SB surgery, subretinal fluid drain (SRFD), cryopexy and pneumoretinopexy. Due to failure of the primary surgery, a second procedure was performed the day after with the explant of the prior buckle and the implant of a wider circumferential element. At three months from surgery, the patient complained of severe bilateral vision loss. Multimodal imaging revealed bilateral, multi-focal exudative retinal detachments and choroidal swelling. A diagnosis of presumed SO was made and the patient was treated with a combination of steroid and immunosuppressive drugs. The clinical picture completely resolved at postoperative month 12.

Conclusion

SO may be a rare complication of SB surgery. In our case, early recognition and prompt immunosuppressive treatment achieved good long-term clinical results.
Visual symptoms in a patient treated with MEK inhibitors
Authors: Tibaldi Tommaso , Roccuzzo Gabriele , Fazio Alessandra , Cattani Ilaria , Nuzzi Raffaele , Quaglino Pietro , Reibaldi Michele
Published: December 2022

Purpose

to report an uncommon presentation of Encorafenib-Binimetinib retinal side effects

Case report

A 56-year-old Caucasian woman, naïve to previous chemotherapies, was started on Encorafenib/Binimetinib for metastatic melanoma. After seven hours from the first 45 mg Binimetinib dose, the patient developed blurry vision with coloured halos. The symptoms were transient and the following day a complete ophthalmological examination revealed the presence of subretinal fluid (SRF) at Optical coherence tomography (OCT). After one week, the patient remained asymptomatic, with no signs of SRF at the follow up reevaluation. However, six weeks later, the symptoms originally experienced with the first drug intake appeared again. This time fundus examination revealed an irregular macular region. At infrared OCT an almond shaped hyporeflective lesion, surrounded by hyperreflectivity, was demonstrated without signs of SRF. Encorafenib/Binimetinib was continued at the same dose and strict monitoring was scheduled, according to the European Medicine's Agency indication to withhold the drug only in presence of symptomatic retinal pigment epithelial detachment.

Conclusion

Visual symptoms associated with SRF induced by Binimetinib have been described in the literature. In our case, visual symptoms were experienced by the patient at different times, both with and without evidence of SRF. This finding seems to suggest that while Binimetinib-induced SRF is an asymptomatic finding in most cases, with excellent outcome and rapid resolution, visual symptoms could be initially triggered by detectable SRF, yet persist without any further evidence of abnormal fluid accumulation and manifest intermittently.
Left subclavian artery coverage during emergent TEVAR in a patient with ipsilateral functional arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Topcu Ahmet Can , Zehir Regayip , Gaziyeva Sonakhanim , Rabus Murat Bulent
Published: December 2022

Coverage of the left subclavian artery origin is required to achieve adequate proximal seal during up to 40% of TEVAR cases. The evidence regarding left subclavian artery revascularization in patients undergoing elective or emergent TEVAR with left subclavian artery coverage is weak, and there is ongoing debate whether revascularization should be performed routinely of selectively. Beyond this debate, there is a lack of data about left subclavian artery coverage during TEVAR in end-stage renal disease patients with a functional left upper limb atreriovenous fistula. We present the case of a patient with a left distal radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula who underwent emergent TEVAR with left subclavian artery coverage for ruptured type B aortic dissection. The arteriovenous fistula remains functional on a 3-month follow-up, and the patient did not develop symptoms related to posterior stroke, spinal cord ischemia, limb ischemia, or vertebrobasilar insufficiency.
Protective Behavioural Mechanisms Against Cannabis Use Among Adolescents in Cannabis-Growing Settings of South Africa: Insights Into Adolescent Cannabis Use Prevention
Authors: Manu Emmanuel , Douglas Mbuyiselo , Ntsaba Mohlomi Jafta , Makaula Bekwa , Tarkang Elvis Enowbeyang
Published: December 2022

We aimed to explore the behavioural protective mechanisms against cannabis use among adolescents living in South African illicit cannabis-growing communities, based on the Self Determination Theory (SDT). Exploratory qualitative design techniques were followed in conducting the study. The snowball sampling technique was used to recruit thirty (30) non-cannabis smoking adolescents from 2 purposively selected communities and grouped into 4 focus groups and interviewed. A semi-structured focus group interview guide was used to moderate the discussions. Data were analysed inductively, using the ATLAS. ti software. Nine behavioural coping mechanisms, grouped under intrinsic and extrinsic protective behavioural mechanisms, protected participants from using cannabis. Intrinsically, participants’ determination not to engage in bad behaviours, focus on their academic work during their free periods, their non-financial dependence on cannabis-using peers, self-preservation to ensure good marriages, and religious beliefs on substance abuse motivated them to not use cannabis. On the other hand, the concept of Ukuphoxa (preservation of family dignity), fear of arrest, fear of being tagged a social deviant, and the fear of contracting illnesses such as lung cancer served as protective behavioural mechanisms against cannabis use. Health promotion and education programmes for adolescents on non-cannabis use in communities where illicit cannabis abounds must identify and draw on contextual intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that ensure non-cannabis use.
Structured instructional design for integrated language skill development: College students’ perspectives on collaborative reading-to-write activities using a cloud-based tool
Authors: Li Jia , Mak Lillian , Hunter Bill , Cunningham Todd
Published: December 2022

Many students begin post-secondary studies with inadequate reading comprehension and expository writing skills. Strong skills in these areas are necessary for interpreting source material, integrating multiple ideas, and formulating clear and coherent arguments to complete integrated reading and writing tasks typical of most post-secondary assignments. This article reports on college students’ perspectives on an intervention study exploring how integrated reading and writing instruction can be combined with collaborative writing using a cloud-based tool to develop students’ expository writing skills. A 10-week intervention was designed to introduce 70 students to discrete expository writing skills such as paraphrasing, summarizing, and synthesizing source material. The intervention aimed to enhance students’ awareness of the connection between the individual skills and the final product: expository essays. This study was conducted at a large urban community college in Ontario, Canada, with culturally diverse first-year students across disciplines. Individual interviews were conducted with 14 students. Results of thematic and content analyses showed that participants were largely positive about their online collaborative writing experiences with their peers, and many found that the instructional design supported their learning through knowledge construction, social support, and easily accessible information.
Explicit stigma and implicit biases toward autism in South Korea versus the United States
Authors: Kim So Yoon , Cheon Jeong Eun , Gillespie-Lynch Kristen , Grandits Jennifer , Kim Young-Hoon
Published: December 2022

This cross-cultural study examined Koreans’ and Americans’ explicit stigma and implicit biases toward autism to examine potential mechanisms underlying recent evidence for heightened explicit autism stigma in South Korea relative to the United States. This evidence is somewhat at odds with other evidence that individuals living in collectivistic cultures such as South Korea may be more prone to present themselves favorably than those living in relatively individualistic cultures such as the United States. A total 224 American and 536 Korean non-autistic adult participants completed an online survey. Implicit biases were measured using the implicit association test. Koreans reported greater explicit stigma and exhibited more implicit biases toward autism than Americans. Explicit stigma was not correlated with implicit biases in either country. Less autism knowledge and pleasant contact with autistic people predicted greater explicit stigma among both Koreans and Americans. Less frequent contact and heightened assimilation ideology toward ethnic minorities predicted greater stigma only among Koreans. The variance in implicit biases explained by predictors was small, emphasizing the need for follow-up research investigating predictors of implicit biases. Informing Koreans about the shortcomings of assimilationist approaches and fostering an appreciation of the plurality of cultures may reduce stigma toward autistic individuals in South Korea.

Lay abstract

How people report their feelings about autism may be different from how they actually think about autism because some people may not want to reveal their true feelings. People who value the group’s goal tend to present themselves as more socially acceptable than people who value one person’s interests. We studied how people in South Korea and the United States report their feelings about autism and think about autism. Koreans tend to value the group’s goals. Americans tend to prefer one person’s goals. Koreans reported that they wanted more space from autistic people than Americans did. Koreans were more likely to think about autism with negative words (and think more negatively about autism). How Koreans and Americans report their feelings about autism was not related to their thoughts about autism. People who knew about autism and liked meeting with autistic people wanted to get closer to autistic people in South Korea and the US, Koreans who had met autistic people and thought that people who newly came to Korea from abroad should be more like Koreans did not want to get very close to autistic people. This could be because very few foreign people live in South Korea compared to the United States. Teaching Koreans that all cultures have values and should be appreciated will help them like autistic people more.
Normocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis secondary to Lyme disease: A rare association with challenging treatment
Authors: Teles Carolina , Gaspar Elsa , Gonçalo Margarida , Santos Lèlita
Published: December 2022

Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a rare entity characterised by long-lasting recurrent episodes of urticarial lesions. Although frequently idiopathic, UV has been associated with multiple diseases, including infections. We present a case of Lyme disease (LD) as a trigger of normocomplementemic UV, a very rarely described association. The patient presented first with episodes of inflammatory polyarthritis and a positive serology for Borrelia burgdorferi, later followed by the appearance of long-lasting urticarial lesions, histologically suggestive of UV. Lyme arthritis resolved with doxycycline, but UV persisted. Response to cyclosporine was satisfactory but with side effects, and only methotrexate showed substantial and consistent improvement. This case reminds physicians that chronic urticaria with atypical characteristics should raise suspicion of UV. Possible triggers for this disease must be sought, even if rarely described, such as LD. Normocomplementemic UV frequently presents a therapeutic challenge, but methotrexate can be a particularly effective therapy in this setting.
Epilepsy Surgery Outcome of Traumatic Intradiploic Meningoencephalocele: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Alsallom Faisal , Alzahrany Majed , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge , Jehi Lara
Published: December 2022

We highlight an under-recognized epileptic pathology in a 56-year-old left-handed female with progressive right facial numbness and weekly focal seizures characterized by episodic aphasia. She was found to have a left frontoparietal intradiploic meningoencephalocele (IDME). Her only epilepsy risk factor was minor head trauma 10 years prior to presentation. She underwent craniotomy for encephalocele resection and mesh cranioplasty without residual neurological deficits and excellent seizure outcome: at 3-year follow-up, she was still seizure-free since surgery, except for an isolated breakthrough seizure at 7 postoperative months when she discontinued her preoperative regimen of Lacosamide monotherapy. Traumatic IDME is a rare condition and rarely presents with seizures. Symptoms may arise up to decades following minor head trauma and are progressive in nature. The likely definitive treatment is cranioplasty and dural repair with or without resecting the protruding parenchyma.
Cage structural topology optimization considering thermo-mechanical coupling
Authors: Yang Zhaohui , Guo Fan , Weng Jiexin , Du Fei
Published: December 2022

The performance of the cage can directly affect the service life of the bearing. This paper presents a cage topology optimization method for improving the heat dissipation and structural stiffness. Firstly, a multi-objective structural topology optimization model is established based on the SIMP method and MMA algorithm, the effects of force and thermal load are considered comprehensively. Secondly, considering the centrifugal force and frictional heat, under the conditions of a given volume constraint, the bearing cage topology optimization model is carried out with heat dissipation weakness and compliance as the optimization objectives. Using iterative calculations based on the MMA algorithm and boundary smoothing processing, the structure with the optimal material layout is obtained. Finally, compared with the initial structures, the maximum temperature reduces about 27% and the maximum stress reduces about 14.8%. The results show that topology optimization can provide a reference for the design of bearing cages, which can improve the structural performance while reducing weight.
“It’s all about covering your . . .”: The unintended consequences of police accountability measures
Authors: Huey Laura , Ferguson Lorna , Ricciardelli Rosemary
Published: December 2022

Policing faces increased accountability measures, influencing officers to engage in “covering your ass” and over-documentation. In this qualitative study of police officers across three Canadian provinces, we unpack the “covering your ass” mentality by exploring the paperwork burden as an unintended consequence of movements toward greater policing accountability. We find that covering your ass leads officers to complete paperwork to protect themselves from personally being investigated. They use paperwork to ensure they overcome any legal vulnerabilities by justifying their actions and explaining their interpretations of other officers’ actions. We present policy implications of these findings tied to police accountability, the impacts of covering your ass, and the resulting paperwork burden.
Developing an Optimal Model of Iran’s Countermeasures against the Threats of Economic Plans of the Major Powers in Central Asia
Authors: Abbasi Ghadi Mojtaba , Farhadi Mohammad , Heydarabadi Abolghasem
Published: December 2022

In this article, the authors have sought to develop and present an optimal model of Iran’s countermeasures against the threats of the economic plans of the major powers in Central Asia. This qualitative research uses mixed-methods (i.e., thematic matrix and thematic network) to collect and analyze data. Since the thematic matrix was used as a data analysis method, an indirect observation study (analysis of textual material) was performed, data were collected through a purposeful sampling of existing textual materials, and finally, a comparison and an analysis were made to specify commonalities and differences. In addition, since the thematic network, research data were collected using a semi-structured interview with 10 experts, who were selected using theoretical sampling; the collected data were analyzed using the thematic network analysis method. Eventually, a conceptual network model was constructed and interpreted. Findings of qualitative research while identifying opportunities and threats revealed that the optimal model of Iran’s countermeasures against the economic plans of the major powers in Central Asia with three global themes, including the adoption of economic diplomacy by Iran, the adoption of soft diplomacy by Iran, and efforts to exit sanctions and remove sanction barriers, had reached theoretical saturation. The most appropriate strategy for Iran to confront the threats of the economic plans of the major powers in Central Asia is to adopt convergent diplomacy in the form of various kinds of diplomacy and the removal of the sanction barriers.
Optimization of Ethanol-Based Extraction Process for Duliang Formula by Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Yuxuan Guo , Zhihao Deng , Shiyun Guo , Yujie Li , Sen Mao , Tong Zhang , Qing Yang , Ying Chen , Yajie Wang , Qi Li , Dongcuan Liang , Xiaogang Weng , Huahan Tang
Published: December 2022

Background: Compound medicines (traditional Chinese medicines [TCM] formulae) are the main means of treating diseases in TCM. Now, for the convenience of clinical use, there are a lot of Chinese patent medicines (proprietary Chinese medicine) on the market. However, the preparation of Chinese patent medicine needs to solve 2 key problems. One is as far as possible to keep crude drug's active ingredients, and the second is the cost control of industrialization; in this article, the extraction process for the proprietary Chinese medicine of the classic TCM formula, Duliang formula, has been studied effectively. Objective: To investigate the optimal ethanol-based extraction process for Duliang formula by central composite design and response surface methodology. Materials and methods: Central composite design was used to carry out a 3-factor 5-level study for a comprehensive evaluation of the extraction process of Duliang formula after normalization processing, with the ethanol concentration, solvent volume, duration, and times of extraction as investigation factors to consider; also, the contents of imperatorin, ferulic acid, and extract yield were determined as Quality Control indicators. Multiple linear regression, binomial fitting, and response surface methodology were used to analyze and determine the optimal ethanol-based extraction process for Duliang formula and predict its extraction parameters. Results: The determined optimal ethanol-based extraction process was thermal reflux extraction twice with 11 times of 90% ethanol for 2.5 h each time. The overall desirability for the “Normalization Value” evaluation was 0.7681, with a deviation of −0.99% (<5%) compared with the predicted value (0.7758). Conclusions: The determined ethanol-based extraction process for Duliang formula was easy and convenient, with stable, accurate, reliable parameters and reasonable predictability, and could serve as a reference for the industrial production of Duliang formula.
Training Load Monitoring Practices Used by Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Hurling, Gaelic Football, Camogie, and Ladies Gaelic Football
Authors: Rahilly Declan O , Whelan Niamh , Moane Siobhan
Published: December 2022

Background:

No research has investigated the training load (TL) monitoring practices currently used by strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches in Gaelic games. The purpose of this study was to investigate the TL monitoring practices used by S&C coaches across senior intercounty male and female Gaelic game sports.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional.

Hypotheses:

It was hypothesized that (1) TL is commonly monitored, (2) various methods are used by S&C coaches to monitor TL, and (3) the level of qualifications of the S&C coach is of a professional standard.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

A total of 33 (n = 32 male and n = 1 female) S&C coaches participated in the study by completing an online questionnaire that investigated coach biography, coach education, team biography, monitoring practices, rating of perceived exertion, acute:chronic workload ratio, and data implementation.

Results:

The results showed that S&C coaches had varying levels of experience and education. All 33 coaches (100%) stated they monitored the TL of the players. The most common method used to monitor TL was session rating of perceived exertion, which was used by 91% of coaches. Analysis of an open-ended question afforded each participant the opportunity to share additional information, highlighting 3 themes: (1) communication with players, (2) performance testing, and (3) clarity and support among other coaching staff.

Conclusion:

Multiple methods are used to monitor TL in Gaelic games. Despite multiple forms of technology available, communication with players provides essential information regarding an athlete’s state.

Clinical Relevance:

As this is the first study to explore TL monitoring practices used by S&C coaches in Gaelic games, the results may inform the development of educational resources for the guidance of coaches working in Gaelic games in best practice TL monitoring.
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Keeling Laura E. , Curley Andrew J. , Kaarre Janina , Joly Jeannette M. , West Robin V.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Recurrentlateral patellar dislocation is a devastating condition associated with different pathologies, including medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury, increased tibial tubercle to trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, and trochlear dysplasia. This video aims to provide an overview of isolated MPFL reconstruction in a patient with recurrent patellar dislocation and chronic MPFL injury.

Indications:

Isolated MPFL reconstruction is indicated for patients with recurrent lateral patellar instability following an initial trial of nonoperative management, in the absence of other contributing anatomic factors. Candidates for isolated MPFL reconstruction should have a TT-TG distance of <20 mm, and normal or Dejour type A trochlear morphology.

Technique Description:

Semitendinosus allograft is used to reconstruct the torn or attenuated MPFL. Following diagnostic arthroscopy, an incision is made over the medial border of the patella and dissection is carried through the skin and subcutaneous tissue to the fascia. Two K-wires are over-drilled and two 3.5-mm Arthrex SwiveLock anchors are placed. The allograft is prepared and whipstitched on both sides. The central portion of the graft is tide down to the anchors. A second incision is then made on the medial side of the knee over the epicondyle. Dissection is carried down to the fascia, and palpation is used to identify Schottles’ point. This is confirmed with fluoroscopy. An 8-mm drill bit is then used to drill to a depth of 60 mm on the femoral side. The grafts are passed one at a time through the femoral tunnel. The femoral side is fixed with an Arthrex BioComposite Interference Screw and the incisions are subsequently irrigated and closed in a layered fashion.

Results:

MPFL reconstruction demonstrates good functional and clinical outcomes with high rates of patient satisfaction and low rates of failure. A recent systematic review demonstrated an 84% rate of return to sport, improved postoperative outcomes, and pooled risks of recurrent instability and reoperation of less than 5% following isolated MPFL reconstruction.

Conclusion:

Isolated MPFL reconstruction should be considered for patients with recurrent patellar instability in the absence of other clinical risk factors. The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
External validation of the PEGeD diagnostic algorithm for suspected pulmonary embolism in an independent cohort
Authors: Robert-Ebadi Helia , Roy Pierre-Marie , Sanchez Olivier , Verschuren Frank , Le Gal Grégoire , Righini Marc
Published: December 2022

Sequential diagnostic algorithms are used in the case of suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). The PEGeD study proposed a new diagnostic strategy to reduce the use of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). We aimed to externally validate this diagnostic strategy in an independent cohort. We analyzed data from 3 prospective studies of outpatients with suspected PE. As per the PEGeD algorithm, patients were classified as having a low, moderate, or high clinical pretest probability (C-PTP). PE was excluded with a D-dimer <1000 ng/mL in case of low C-PTP and <500 ng/mL in case of moderate C-PTP. We assessed the yield and safety of this approach and compared them with those of previously validated algorithms. Among the 3308 evaluated patients, 1615 (49%) patients could have had PE excluded according to the PEGeD algorithm, without the need for imaging. Of these patients, 38 (2.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.2) were diagnosed with a symptomatic PE at initial testing or during the 3-month follow-up. On further analysis, 36 patients out of these 38 patients had a positive age-adjusted D-dimer. The risk of venous thromboembolic events among the 414 patients with a D-dimer <1000 ng/mL but above the age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off was 36 of 414 (8.7%; 95% CI, 6.4-11.8). We provide external validation of the PEGeD algorithm in an independent cohort. Compared with standard algorithms, the PEGeD decreased the number of CTPA examinations. However, caution is required in patients with a low C-PTP and a D-dimer <1000 ng/mL but above their age-adjusted D-dimer cut-off.
Identification of the wood species in the wooden sheath of Indonesian kris by synchrotron X-ray microtomography
Authors: Cipta Hairi , Nugroho Widyanto Dwi , Tazuru Suyako , Sugiyama Junji
Published: December 2022

A kris is a traditional dagger that originated in Indonesia. A kris is distinguished by its asymmetrical blade, which has layers of different metals bonded on its surface. Wood is the main material used to make the kris sheath. To preserve the knowledge about wood selection of the sheath, wood identification is a crucial first step. In the present study, we identified the wood species used to make the kris sheath. We performed synchrotron X-ray microtomography, which allows microscopic observation with minimum sample availability. Seven wooden kris sheaths were investigated. The results showed that synchrotron X-ray microtomography is suitable for observing the important microscopic anatomical features of the wood species in kris sheaths. We found that Dysoxylum spp., Tamarindus indica, and Kleinhovia hospita were used as sheath materials. We also visualized the spatial distribution of the prismatic crystals inside the T. indica and K. hospita xylem cells. Abundant crystals were present in T. indica arranged in longitudinal alignment inside the chambered axial parenchyma cells. The crystals were arranged in radial alignment inside the ray cells of K. hospita. The existence of abundant crystals in series may be important for the mechanical support of certain xylem cells.
Response to commentary article on environmental quality standards for diclofenac derived under the European water framework directive: 1. Aquatic organisms, by Maack et al. 2022
Authors: Leverett Dean , Merrington Graham , Crane Mark , Wilson Iain
Published: December 2022

In this short article, we respond to a Commentary by Maack et al. (Environ Sci Eur 34:24, 2022) in which they challenge recommendations in Leverett et al. (Environ Sci Eur 33:133, 2021) for setting an aquatic Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) for the pharmaceutical diclofenac. Maack et al. recommend the use of results from a stream mesocosm study as the main point of departure for setting the EQS and dismiss the use of a Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) containing relevant and reliable single species data because of bimodality in this distribution. We present the key mesocosm data used by Maack et al. and note that these are highly variable, include control mortalities of up to 60%, and, as reported by the original authors, show a significant effect only at the highest test concentration and not at the estimated value proposed by Maack et al. We also show that there are neither regulatory nor technical grounds for dismissing the use of an SSD and respond to minor criticisms of our compliance assessment (comparison of different EQS values with reported concentrations in European surface waters). Finally, we provide comment on the EQS derivation process and subsequent opinion of the diclofenac EQS dossier by the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (SCHEER).
Association between gender-based violence and hypertension among women in the Kyrgyzstan Republic
Authors: Abba Mustapha S. , Nduka Chidozie U. , Anjorin Seun , Uthman Olalekan A.
Published: December 2022

Background

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant global public health problem and the most prominent human rights violation severely impacting women’s health and wellbeing. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the association between gender-based violence and hypertension in Kyrgyzstan Republic.

Methods

This study was conducted using population-based data of women from the 2018 Kyrgyzstan Demographic and Health Survey. The odds ratio was calculated to measure the association between GBV and hypertension, and p-values < 0.005 was considered statistically significant.

Result

We included data of 4793 participants, and 621 (13%) of them had hypertension. Participants exposed to GBV were 24% more likely to have hypertension than unexposed participants (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03–1.48). Of all women with hypertension, 206 (33.0%) were exposed to GBV. Participants with secondary education or higher exposed to GBV were 24% more likely to be hypertensive than GBV unexposed women with the same education levels OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04–1.49). Unemployed participants exposed to GBV were 45% more likely to develop hypertension than their unexposed counterparts (OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.15–1.81). Rural residents exposed to GBV were also 29% more likely to have hypertension than those unexposed to GBV (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.59). The odds of hypertension among those exposed to GBV increase with age.

Conclusion

The study revealed that GBV is a significant factor of having hypertension among Kyrgyz women.
Lifeworld perspectives of people with dementia: a meta-aggregation of qualitative studies
Authors: Eriksen Siren , Engedal Knut , Grov Ellen Karine
Published: December 2022

Objectives

This meta-aggregation aims to interpret and synthesize present knowledge on the lifeworld perspectives of people with dementia and develop a model for guidance in clinical practice.

Method

The data consist of four meta-syntheses describing different lifeworld perspectives in accordance with van Manen’s existentials: lived relations, lived space, lived time and lived body. The meta-aggregation summarizes a range of views expressed by people with dementia in qualitative, interview-based studies, with the aim of generating a reliable model based on the studies’ findings.

Results

In total, 88 studies among 1,191 persons with dementia were included. Sixteen areas of focus were found, representing four perspectives: (a) lived relations, consisting of connectedness, independence, equality and competence; (b) lived space, consisting of belonging, meaningfulness, safety and security, and autonomy; (c) lived time, consisting of being rooted in the past, being in the present, viewing the future and being in process; and (d) lived body, consisting of being functional, trustworthy, adaptable and presentable. A model shaped as a tree trunk captures the lifeworld perspectives of people with dementia.

Conclusion

Sixteen areas were revealed from this meta-aggregation and form the basis of a model. This model may be used as a guide for health care personnel to ensure the overall lifeworld-perspectives of people with dementia in care for the target group and conduct lifeworld-preserving care with a person-centred approach.
IgA vasculitis presenting as nephrotic syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report
Authors: Cho Illeon , Kim Jwa-Kyung , Kim Sung Gyun
Published: December 2022

Background

Following the strong recommendation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) vaccination, many patients with medical comorbidities are being immunized. However, the safety of vaccination in patients with autoimmune diseases has not been well established. We report a new case of biopsy-proven IgA vasculitis with nephritis presenting as a nephrotic syndrome after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in a patient with a history of leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Case presentation

A 76-year-old man with a history of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis presented with purpura in both lower limbs, followed by nephrotic syndrome after the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Skin and renal biopsy revealed IgA vasculitis with nephritis. The patient’s past medical history of leukocytoclastic vasculitis and features of chronicity in renal pathology suggest an acute exacerbation of preexisting IgA vasculitis after COVID-19 vaccination. After the steroid and renin-angiotensin system inhibitor use, purpura and acute kidney injury recovered within a month. Subnephrotic proteinuria with microscopic hematuria remained upon follow-up.

Conclusion

Physicians should keep in mind the potential (re)activation of IgA vasculitis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. It is important to closely monitor COVID-19 vaccinated patients, particularly those with autoimmune diseases.
Correlation of magnetic resonance images with neuropathology of irreversible metronidazole-induced encephalopathy: an autopsy case report
Authors: Miki Yasuo , Takeuchi Yuki , Murasawa Shingo , Takayasu Shinobu , Tsushima Fumiyasu , Kakeda Shingo , Mizukami Hiroki , Wakabayashi Koichi
Published: December 2022

Background

Neurological symptoms and radiographic abnormalities may remain in a small proportion of patients with metronidazole-induced encephalopathy (MIE). Although experimental animal models of MIE have suggested a Wernicke’s encephalopathy-like pathology, little is known about the histopathological features of MIE. Here we report the first autopsy case of irreversible MIE.

Case presentation

A 72-year-old Japanese woman with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour and metastatic tumours in the liver developed intraabdominal bleeding from a hepatic abscess. She was administered metronidazole for 79 days (1.5 g/day), which caused dysarthria followed by hand tremor and altered mental status. Brain magnetic resonance imaging at the time of onset revealed hyperintensities in the deep white matter of the bilateral parietal lobes and splenium of the corpus callosum on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with reduced apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Despite the improvement of dysarthria and hand tremor, her cognition remained affected even after the withdrawal of metronidazole. She died of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour at the age of 74 years. Histopathological examinations of the brain confirmed a combination of severe demyelination and moderate axonal degeneration, which corresponded to the regions showing abnormal signal intensities on DWI with reduced ADC values. There were no pathological findings suggestive of Wernicke’s encephalopathy in the brain.

Conclusion

We have demonstrated the clinical, radiographic and histopathological aspects of irreversible MIE. Hyperintensities on DWI with reduced ADC values in affected regions may indicate a poor clinical prognosis due to irreversible pathological damage.
A qualitative exploration of influences on eating behaviour throughout pregnancy
Authors: Rockliffe Lauren , Smith Debbie M. , Heazell Alexander E. P. , Peters Sarah
Published: December 2022

Background:

Pregnancy is often conceptualised as a ‘teachable moment’ for health behaviour change. However, it is likely that different stages of pregnancy, and individual antenatal events, provide multiple distinct teachable moments to prompt behaviour change. Whilst previous quantitative research supports this argument, it is unable to provide a full understanding of the nuanced factors influencing eating behaviour. The aim of this study was to explore influences on women’s eating behaviour throughout pregnancy.

Methods:

In-depth interviews were conducted online with 25 women who were less than six-months postpartum. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed thematically.

Results:

Five themes were generated from the data that capture influences on women’s eating behaviour throughout pregnancy: ‘The preconceptual self’, ‘A desire for good health’, ‘Retaining control’, ‘Relaxing into pregnancy’, and ‘The lived environment’.

Conclusion:

Mid-pregnancy may provide a more salient opportunity for eating behaviour change than other stages of pregnancy. Individual antenatal events, such as the glucose test, can also prompt change. In clinical practice, it will be important to consider the changing barriers and facilitators operating throughout pregnancy, and to match health advice to stages of pregnancy, where possible. Existing models of teachable moments may be improved by considering the dynamic nature of pregnancy, along with the influence of the lived environment, pregnancy symptoms, and past behaviour. These findings provide an enhanced understanding of the diverse influences on women’s eating behaviour throughout pregnancy and provide a direction for how to adapt existing theories to the context of pregnancy.