bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Proxy Model for Extrapolating Cumulative Oil Production with Different Locations: Polynomial-Fast Marching Method
Authors: Rajaa Mohammed , Alhaleem Ayad
Published: November 2024

Well-placement optimization is a complex problem critical for maximizing hydrocarbon recovery while minimizing operational costs. The traditional methods that are used for evaluation have drawbacks such as full-physics simulation while accurate is computationally expensive, reduced-physics proxy models are less accurate, deep learning as a proxy model needs many run simulations, and Tree-based machine learning models like Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), although efficient, struggle with extrapolation, limiting their utility in scenarios where predictions extend beyond training data. To address these limitations, we apply a new hybrid approach that combines the Fast Marching Method (FMM) and Polynomial-XGBoost (linear-based) to enhance the extrapolation capabilities as an evaluation tool for well placement problems. Our approach incorporates polynomial features to capture non-linear relationships between reservoir properties (e.g., permeability, porosity) and cumulative oil production. We evaluated our approach using the SPE10 model, focusing on both interpolation and extrapolation datasets. Cross-validation results demonstrate that the proposed model significantly outperforms traditional XGBoost, achieving an average R² of 94% compared to 88% for XGBoost in interpolation scenarios. In extrapolation tests, our model showed an average R² of 83.9%, well above XGBoost's 56.3%, highlighting its superior ability to predict well performance beyond the training data range. This study shows that the integration of FMM and Polynomial-XGBoost offers a more reliable and computationally efficient alternative to existing proxy models, particularly in complex reservoirs. Our hybrid model significant improvement and shows promising results as a proxy model.
Impact of the Eigenvalue Approach on the Model of Moore-Gibson-Thompson During Photo-Acoustic Semiconducting Excitation
Authors: El-Dali A. , Othman Mohamed I.A. , Gamal Esraa M. , Alkhatib Soliman
Published: November 2024

Regarding this investigation, Moore-Gibson-Thompson (MGT) model was developed with the impact of acoustic pressure. This research's light is spotted on semiconductor material undergoing thermoacoustic and optical deformation in the context of theory of photo-thermoelasticity (PTE). The governing equations are formulated using a modified photo-excitation model, where (MGT) equation represents the heat conduction during processes of optical transport. This model represents coupling between plasma, thermal, mechanical-elastic, and acoustic wave propagation. Analytical solutions for the main physical quantities are obtainedutilizing Laplace transform method combined with the vector-matrix differential equation method. Boundary conditions for the acoustic, plasma, and thermo-mechanical effects are applied at the outer surface of the medium. Numerical inversion of Laplace transforms is performed to obtain complete space-time solutions for primary fields. Silicon is utilized as a representative semi-conductor material for numerical computations, with the results presented graphically and discussed with various influencing parameters.
Social Agency and Psychosocial Recovery: A Resilient Perspective on the Social Determinants of Mental Health in a Community Affected by the Colombian Armed Conflict
Authors: Bedoya-Gallego Diana Marcela , Gomez Daniel Gomez , Gallego Efrén Castaño
Published: November 2024

Background: Armed conflict in Colombia has severely affectedthe mental health of individuals and communities. Factors such as poverty, inequality and social exclusion have exacerbated consequences such as depression and posttraumaticstress disorder. However, a perspective that transcends the mental deficit paradigm in addressing the social determinants of health in these contexts allows us to recognize how political and social conditions determine people's physical and mental health and the need to strengthen their skills and capacities.
The Colectivo Tejiendo Memoria, composed of older adult victims of the conflict, is a remarkable example of the capacity for organization and psychosocial recovery through collective memory and civil resistance in the province of Sonsón, Antioquia.
Methods: A qualitative approach based on the action without harm (ASD) methodological framework was used to implement photo elucidation workshops and mediate group interviews to capture the memories and experiences of the participants. The contentanalysis allowed codifying the actions, agents and knowledge generated by the group around psychosocial recovery and community agency.
Results: This study reveals that the collective has played a crucial role in the preservation of historical memory, the promotion of emotional well-being and the generation of social agency; its actions have allowed the creation of safe spaces for psychosocial recovery through rituals, commemorations and the visibility of the victims. This promoted their consolidation as political actors who manage and sustain memory and reparation in their community.
Conclusions: The experience of the Colectivo Tejiendo Memoria offers an innovative approach to the social determinants of mental health in the context of armed conflict, highlighting the capacity of communities to manage their own recovery through practices of resistance and solidarity.
New palynostratigraphic data from the Kungurian (Cisuralian) of the Athesian District (East Southern Alps)
Authors: Spina Amalia , Marchetti Lorenzo , Diez José B. , Capezzuoli Enrico , Ronchi Ausonio
Published: November 2024

At the end of the Cisuralian (early Permian), the Kungurian stage represents a key phase in plant evolution and the development of associated sporomorphs. Yet during the Artinskian, a noticeable shift begins, with vegetation and palynofloras transitioning from those suited to humid conditions to those better adapted to arid environments, a trend that persists through the Kungurian. Despite its importance, biostratigraphic studies of Euramerican palynofloras from this time remain scarce. This study addresses the gap by examining the palynological content of the Guncina Formation in the Eastern Southern Alps, which contains exceptionally well-preserved sporomorphs. Detailed analysis of these microfossils sheds new light on the composition, diversity, and stratigraphic distribution of Kungurian palynofloras also characterized by an older first appearance of the bisaccate pollen Lueckisporites virkkiae and Falcisporites stabilis than that one reported in the literature. The findings from this research contribute to refining the biostratigraphic framework of the period, enhancing our understanding of the Permian palynological record in the Euramerican region.
Medicago Mting1 Mting2 double knockout mutants are extremely dwarfed and never flower implicating essential MtING functions in growth and flowering
Authors: Mayo-Smith Matthew , Poulet Axel , Zhang Lulu , Peng Yongyan , Goldstone David , Putterill Joanna
Published: November 2024

Background
Optimal flowering time is critical to agricultural productivity. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms regulating flowering in the economically important Fabaceae (legume) family are not fully understood. For example, the key flowering regulators known from Arabidopsis, FLC and CO, do not regulate flowering in the temperate model legume Medicago truncatula (Medicago). Previously, we used CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis to show the histone modification reader MtINHIBITOR OF GROWTH 2 promotes flowering and growth in Medicago. However, surprisingly, the highly conserved C-terminal plant homeodomain (PHD) finger did not appear to contribute to this, as Mting2 PHD finger mutants flowered and grew similarly to wild type. Additionally, a second ING gene, MtING1, did not appear to regulate flowering.
Methods
To further dissect the genetic function of the two MtING genes in flowering and growth, we cross-pollinated selected Mting1 and Mting2 single mutants to create two different double mutants; the Mting1-7 Mting2-2 double knockout mutant and the Mting1-1 Mting2-11 double PHD finger mutant. The growth and flowering of these mutants was assessed in floral-inductive vernalised long day conditions. We also used fluorescence confocal microscopy and in vitro protein biophysical analysis to investigate the subcellular localization and oligomerization of the proteins. Finally, we carried out gene expression analysis by RNA-seq and RT-qPCR to determine how the two genes affect transcript accumulation to influence growth and flowering.
Results
The Mting1-7 Mting2-2 double knockout mutants were very small, did not maintain outgrowing branches and never flowered. Mting1-1 Mting2-11 double PHD finger mutants on the other hand showed only mild dwarfing and delays to flowering. GFP tagged MtING proteins localised to the nucleus in tobacco leaves. However, recombinant MtING domain proteins did not form dimers in solution. Gene expression analyses showed large changes to global gene expression in the double knockout mutant with key flowering genes downregulated and predicted floral repressors elevated.
Conclusions
Although the first ING gene was identified in humans almost three decades ago, very little is known about the two plant ING genes. Our findings demonstrate the essential combined role the MtING genes play in the regulation of gene expression, flowering time and wider development.
Previewed Social Support Buffers PostTraumatic Stress Disorder in Jordanian Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Masa'deh Rami , Masadeh Omayma , Murad Amal abdulrahman , Saleh Zyad T. , Mohamed Nermen A. , Eltayeb Mudathir M.
Published: November 2024

Background
Previous studies agreed that post-traumatic stress disorder is a pervasive consequence affecting women who were exposed to intimate partner violence. Perceived social support could buffer post-traumatic stress disorder. This study aimed to investigate the buffering role of social support on intimate partner violence and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Methods
A cross-sectional quantitative research design was used to recruit women exposed to intimate partner violence residing in Amman, Irbid, and Zarqa. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used to recruit 166 women. They had to answer the participant’s socio-characteristics sheet, the Arabic version of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (AVMSPSS), and the Arabic version of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (APLC-5)
Results
Results showed that there is a significant positive medium-strength relationship between the frequency of intimate partner violence and total post-traumatic stress disorder, r=0.41 and p<0.001. Also, results showed a significant negative medium-strength relationship between the frequency of intimate partner violence and total perceived social support, r=-0.36 and p<0.001. Total post-traumatic stress disorder had a significant negative medium-strength relationship with perceived social support, r=-0.38 and p<0.001.
Implications and recommendations
The results of the study shed light on the importance of perceived social support in decreasing the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and the frequency of intimate partner violence. Improving perceived social support can be established by fostering family roles in raising awareness toward strengthening relationships of mutual husband-wife respect and achieving gender equality.
Effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for cataracts after pars plana vitrectomy: A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Wen Lin , Lian Hao , Liu Yi , Wei Bin , Deng Yan , Hu Jianqi , Wu Ying , Zhang Min , Fan Yaoqin , Xu Li
Published: November 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification (CPS) in treating cataracts after vitrectomy.
Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled study. Patients who underwent cataract surgery after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were randomly divided into the FLACS group and the CPS group. Preoperative data from all patients were collected, and the intraoperative average phacoemulsification energy (AVE), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), intraoperative complications, postoperative intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared.
Results: A total of 92 eyes were included in the analysis, with 47 eyes in the FLACS group and 45 eyes in the CPS group. Compared with those in the CPS group, the intraoperative AVEs and EPTs in the FLACS group were lower (P < 0.05). In the FLACS group, 3 eyes (3/47, 6.38%) had incomplete presplitting nuclei, 3 eyes (3/47, 6.38%) had incomplete capsulotomy, and 1 eye (1/47, 2.13%) had incomplete lens dislocation. In the CPS group, 2 eyes (2/45, 4.44%) had incomplete lens dislocation, and 1 eye (1/45, 2.22%) had a radial anterior capsule tear. There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with before surgery, both groups presented a decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP), and there was no statistically significant difference in IOP between the two groups three months after surgery (P > 0.05). Three months after surgery, the ECD of the FLACS group was greater than that of the CPS group, and the average endothelial cell loss (ECL) was lower than that of the CPS group (P < 0.01). Both groups showed varying degrees of improvement in the postoperative BCVA compared with the preoperative BCVA. On the first day after surgery, the FLACS group was superior to the CPS group (P < 0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at one week, one month, three months after surgery (all P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Postoperative complications of nuclear cataract after PPV should be promptly treated with surgery. FLACS is safe and effective in treating cataracts after PPV surgery, providing faster visual improvement and facilitating the postoperative recovery of cataracts after PPV surgery.
A qualitative study exploring midwives/nurses' personal and cultural beliefs in the midwifery care of women with Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGMC) in Nigeria.
Authors: Muhammad Rukaiyya , Watts Kim , Montgomery Elsa
Published: November 2024

Background
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGMC) is a global issue with implications for maternal mortality/morbidity in Nigeria. Midwives/nurses are crucial in the provision of midwifery care for women with FGMC. Where the midwives/nurses have undergone FGMC as part of their cultural identity, this study seeks to explore the midwives/nurses' personal and cultural beliefs in the midwifery care of women with FGMC.
Methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted across the three tiers of healthcare facilities in Osun State Nigeria where twenty-four interviews were held with midwives/nurses. Data was collected by conducting semi-structured telephone interviews which were analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the experiences of midwives/nurses across the three tiers of healthcare provision with three themes derived from the interviews: Personal FGMC experience, culture vs medical knowledge and cultural Practice of FGMC: healthcare facility vs community.
Conclusion
Difficult FGMC experiences were used as drivers by the midwives/nurses in the motivation for the abandonment of FGMC. Although there was a strong aversion to the procedure, there is a continued need for awareness across healthcare facilities, educational institutions and local communities.
Modification of chitosan nanoparticle by a new oxime compound: synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activities
Authors: Sabzevari Atefeh , Kakanejadifard Ali
Published: November 2024

As an antioxidant biopolymer, chitosan nanoparticles can be conjugated with other antioxidant agents to increase the potential applications of the resulting materials in a variety of sectors, including food, packaging, cosmetics, and other industries. In this research, terephthaldialdehyde was used to quickly create a novel oxime. The oxime was then connected to chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) to acquire established biological characteristics. FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR all demonstrated the oxime's production. The schiff base of oxime on chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP-OX) was detected by FT-IR, UV-Vis, DLS, FE-SEM-EDX and TEM. The antioxidant activities of the CSNP and CSNP-OX were also analyzed; DPPH-radical scavenging of CSNP-OX was higher than CSNP. These findings suggest that the CSNP-OX is a viable option for utilization in pharmaceuticals and food items for innovative uses.
Hall Plasma Thruster Development for Nano and Micro-Satellites at PPL/UNB
Authors: Ferreira José L. , Costa Hudson M. , Paula Jhonatha W. S. , Martins Alexandre A. , Junior Helbert de O. C. , Porto Marconi C. F. , Miranda Rodrigo A. , Almeida Júlio C. M. , Sinésio William W. T.
Published: November 2024

The Plasma Physics Laboratory, at the University of Brasilia, studies and develops electric thrusters since 2004. During this time, several versions of Permanent Hall Thruster were tested, such as PHALL-IIc, which achieved over 40mN of thrust with around 600 W power consumption. In this paper we recollect some important milestones of PHALL development, building from these foundations toward designing, and testing, a PHALL thruster for 3U and 6U Cubesats. A new structure is presented, designed in SolidWorks, with dimensions tailored to 1U, alongside a novel RF plasma cathode concept. Computational simulations guide the material's decision-making process, showing the thermal distribution along different surfaces. Comsol simulations indicate an electron concentration region in the center of the plasma cathode, which is seen in the preliminary results of the plasma cathode operating in a vacuum chamber, with 30 W of RF power at 13.56 MHz.
Residual Channel Prior-Guided Multi-Scale Progressive Dehazing Network with Hybrid Attention
Authors: Xing Yiming , Zhang Jindong
Published: November 2024

Haze significantly degrades image quality, impacting tasks such as object detection and semantic segmentation. Existing dehazing methods often perform well on synthetic images but struggle with real-world hazy images, particularly those with non-uniform haze distribution. To address this challenge, we propose a Residual Channel Prior-Guided Multi-Scale Progressive Dehazing Network (MPDNet). MPDNet leverages the rich structural information contained in the Residual Channel Prior (RCP) of hazy images and introduces a Prior-Guided Block (PGB) to extract RCP maps at different dehazing stages. To better apply prior knowledge at different stages, we designed a progressive dehazing network. An Attention-Guided Feature Memory module (AFM) is designed to explore the correlation between current input and historical information, enabling feature transfer across stages. Additionally, a Multi-Scale Dehazing Unit (MDU) incorporating a Multi-Scale Feature Extraction Module (MSFEM) with a hybrid attention mechanism is utilized to restore haze-free images. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MPDNet achieves state-of-the-art performance on both synthetic and real datasets, particularly excelling in handling non-uniform hazy images.
Pinyon Jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) And Clark’s Nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) Can Discriminate Between Pilfering And Non-Pilfering Conspecifics, But Not Between Heterospecifics
Authors: Vernouillet Alizée , Huang Nanxi , Kelly Debbie M.
Published: November 2024

When foraging, individuals often need to assess potential risk from competitors. Within many food-caching (food-storing) species, individuals can modify their caching behavior depending on whether other individuals are present during the caching event. During caching, individuals may interact with not only conspecifics but also heterospecifics. However, the extent to which individual cachers can discriminate between conspecifics and heterospecifics that present a pilfering threat or not, has received little attention. During this study, we examined this issue with food-storing birds, highly social pinyon jays and less social Clark’s nutcrackers. Cachers were given a choice to store their seeds in one of two visually distinct trays. Subsequently, one of the trays was given to an individual (either a conspecific or a heterospecific) who pilfered the caches, whereas the other tray was given to an individual (either a conspecific or a heterospecific) who did not pilfer the caches. When the two trays were returned to the cachers, they recached the seeds from the tray given to the pilfering observer individual more so than the tray given to the non-pilfering observer, but only when the pilferer was a conspecific. Our results suggest that the pinyon jays and nutcrackers could distinguish between conspecifics based on their pilfering behavior, but not between heterospecifics. Together, our results reconsider the ability of corvids to discriminate between individuals based on their pilfering risk and the importance of doing so while caching.
Asymptomatic sexually transmitted diseases in urbanized Nigerian women
Authors: Toluwalope Gbolahan , Fagbohun Tolani , Okoh Ene , Ibekwe Ogechukwu , Owoade Yinka , Adebamowo Sally N. , Group ACCME Research , Adebamowo Clement
Published: November 2024

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and trichomonas are a global public health burden, particularly in women, where they are linked to HIV, HPV, stillbirth, neonatal complications, pelvic inflammatory disease, and infertility. Asymptomatic infections pose higher risks when left untreated. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of asymptomatic STIs among Nigerian women. The study is part of a larger cohort involving 11,700 women investigating high-risk HPV, vaginal microbiome, and cervical cancer in Nigeria. Participants, who reported no symptoms of STIs or HIV over 12 months, provided high-vaginal swabs for analysis and serum for testing Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum antibodies. The mean age of participants was 39.0 years, with an average sexual debut at 20.9 years. Over half (56.3%) tested positive for at least one bacterial infection. Women with STIs had a lower mean age at sexual debut (20.7 years) compared to those without (21.3 years), though this was not statistically significant. However, debut before age 20 was significantly associated with increased risk of asymptomatic STIs (adjusted OR = 0.53, p = 0.02). Early sexual debut and routine screening are key to reducing asymptomatic STIs and associated complications in this population.
Development of onboard multi-frequency impedance spectrum measurement device for high-power vehicular fuel cell system
Authors: Ma Tiancai , Yao Naiyuan , Yang Yanbo , Li Ruitao , Qi Jinxuan , Lin Weikang
Published: November 2024

Water management in fuel cell vehicles emerges as a critical bottleneck. The electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) is commonly used during the development of vehicular fuel cell systems to diagnose the internal state of the fuel cells. However, studies focusing on on-board impedance measurement devices for high-power vehicular fuel cell systems are limited. This research introduces a novel AC excitation module capable of delivering disturbance signals across a wide frequency range (1–1000 Hz) directly, addressing the need for accurate in-situ impedance measurement. The instruments integrate an auxiliary DC/DC converter to modulate the AC excitation signals, enhancing the precision and adaptability of the impedance measurements under various operational conditions. The hardware circuit and calculation method for the impedance measurement module are detailed. Additionally, this paper analyzes the operating characteristics of the fuel cell's DC/DC converter in conjunction with the AC excitation module. Rigorous testing validates the self-developed devices, confirming their consistency with standard instruments. The effectiveness of the EIS measurement device underscores its potential to significantly enhance the reliability and efficiency of fuel cell electric vehicles by providing robust tools for performance monitoring and fault diagnosis.
Enablers and Barriers to ART adherence among Female Sex Workers in Midwestern Uganda: A qualitative study
Authors: Apuulison David , Nabawanuka Brenda , Muhoozi Michael , Aryampa Julian , Irumba Pauline , Katsomyo Edson , Asiimwe Moses , Epuitai Joshua , Akugizibwe Pardon , Wasswa George , Rubaihayo John
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Female sex workers (FSWs) in Uganda experience challenges in adhering to antiretroviral therapy (ART). We used the theory of planned behavior to explore the enablers and barriers to ART adherence among FSWs.
Materials and methods
We conducted six key informant interviews with healthcare workers and leaders of the FSWs association. Furthermore, 30 in-depth interviews were conducted among FSWs. Thematic deductive analysis was applied to analyze the data through the lens of the theory of planned behavior.
Findings
The attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influenced adherence to ART. Positive attitudes including positive appraisal of and evaluation outcomes with ART use enabled adherence to ART. Subjective norms such as social support, disclosure of HIV status, seeing others take ART and aspirations for longer life enabled ART adherence. The perceived ability to comply with ART adherence was facilitated by appropriate scheduling or timing on when to take ART, responsive and respectful healthcare workers, and availability of food/basic needs. Negative attitudes such as misconceptions and fear of side effects hindered ART adherence. Social disapproval of sex work and or HIV hindered ART adherence among FSWs. Social disapproval including lack of social support, gender-based violence, non-disclosure, stigma and abandonment hindered use of ART among FSW. The ability to adhere to ART has affected by the socio-economic constraints (e.g., food scarcity), and occupation related factors (substance use, incarceration, busy and predictable schedules, and abrupt migrations).
Conclusion
ART adherence among FSW was influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Addressing these challenges in ART adherence through targeted interventions could facilitate ART adherence and improve health outcomes among FSW.
Classification of Ransomware Variants Through Adaptive Pattern Recognition in Real-Time Environments
Authors: Snave Matthew , Klein Richard , Hayes Matthew , Nielsen Samuel , Blanchard Thomas
Published: November 2024

Ransomware attacks have rapidly escalated in sophistication and frequency, exploiting vulnerabilities within critical infrastructure and personal data storage systems, often with devastating financial and operational consequences. Addressing this challenge, Adaptive Pattern Recognition (APR) offers a transformative approach, incorporating a real-time, signature-independent framework that evolves alongside emerging ransomware threats. APR’s architecture integrates advanced feature extraction, leveraging entropy, file system modifications, and network anomalies to dynamically identify ransomware behaviors across diverse attack stages. Designed for high adaptability, APR autonomously discerns subtle deviations indicative of ransomware, enhancing classification accuracy for both known and novel strains. Through comprehensive testing, APR demonstrated a robust balance of classification speed and accuracy, outperforming traditional methods while maintaining computational efficiency suitable for resource-constrained environments. The discussion outlines APR’s scalability and potential applications in broader malware detection contexts, with a focus on overcoming deployment challenges related to computational resources and heterogeneous network environments. These findings suggest that APR’s adaptive mechanisms could significantly enhance proactive cybersecurity defenses, equipping organizations with a resilient, long-term solution to evolving ransomware landscapes.
Estimation of Lifetime Attributable Risk Associated with Abdomen CT scan: a Retrospective Study in Northern Jordan
Authors: Albadarneh Laith , Rahman Azhar Abdul , Elawaidat Haytham
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study investigated the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) associated abdominal CT scans.
Method: 1505 patients (904 males, 601 females) were included after excluding scans with undocumented protocols or performed on minors.Data included demographics, scan parameters, and dose indices (CTDIvol, kVp, mAs, DLP).
Result: Younger patients (18-20 years) exhibited the highest LAR for stomach and colon examinations, suggesting potential overuse of CT scans. Liver showed a different trend. Interestingly, CT dose index values (CTDIvol and DLP) were similar across most age groups and genders, except for females in their 40s who received a significantly higher CTDIvol.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for stricter CT scan guidelines, particularly for younger patients. Additionally, scan protocols should be optimized based on patient demographics and the organ examined.
Hepatoprotective experiment of Taro vegetable (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) flower employing animal models by mitigating oxidative stress
Authors: Mohammad Mahathir , Richi Fahmida Tasnim , Hossain Rabiul , Arafat Md. , Jiko Pair Ahmed , Emon Nazim Uddin , Rabbi Sayad Al Hossain , Khastagir Tirtha , Hossain Md. Hemayet , Alam Safaet
Published: November 2024

Background
Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott, known as the taro vegetable, possesses various beneficial effects and is traditionally used in folk medicine. This study explores the ameliorative anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective effect of a methanolic extract of the Colocasia esculenta flower (ME-CEF) against oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in mice.
Methods
The antioxidant efficacy of ME-CEF was assessed using ABTS and DPPH scavenging assay. The hepatoprotective effect was investigated by an assessment of liver injury indicators (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine) and normalizing lipid profiles (CHO, TG, LDL, and HDL) along with histopathological study and anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT). A qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was performed, including GC-MS/MS analysis and an in-silico molecular docking study.
Results
The result showed that ME-CEF possesses moderate ABTS and DPPH scavenging activity with IC50 values of 117.18 and 160.41 µg/ml. As illustrated by reducing liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine) and lipid profile (CHO, TG, LDL) and raising HDL levels (p < 0.01), ME-CEF dose-dependently mitigated CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Furthermore, ME-CEF blocked hepatic oxidative stress by boosting anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT) and Preventing liver tissue damage and apoptosis. In silico investigations also showed an auspicious binding affinity with TNF-α, IL-6, PRAP-1, Xanthin oxidoreductase which displayed antioxidant and hepatoprotective candidacy while notable safety and efficacy profile was also documented through ADME/T studies. Histopathological analysis showed reduced hepatocellular necrosis and vascular congestion in silymarin and extract groups.
Conclusion
Based on these results, our findings strongly recommend the medicinal use of the plant, highlighting its antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials.
The influence of public governance on European supranational public policies in fostering innovation among SMEs within innovation ecosystems
Authors: BETTANTI ALBERTO , TRAVAGLI PAOLO
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of public governance on the effectiveness of European supranational public policies in fostering innovation within innovation ecosystems (IEs), specifically through the lens of the PITCCH initiative, a European innovation project funded by Horizon 2020 under the 'Innovation in SMEs' measure. Utilizing a 10-month ethnographic field study, this research examines how public governance mechanisms provide targeted, results-oriented support to IEs, with a particular focus on innovation-driven small and medium enterprises (i-SMEs). The findings reveal that public governance plays a critical role in facilitating the interaction between i-SMEs and larger ecosystem stakeholders, thereby enhancing the innovative capacity and market value of i-SMEs. This research contributes valuable insights into how public governance strategies can be effectively deployed to stimulate economic and scientific growth within IEs, offering practical guidance for policymakers and implications for future policy development. The also contributes to academic discourse by providing empirical evidence on the nuanced roles of public governance within European supranational contexts.
Análise crítico-reflexiva sobre discursos e compromissos sobre compliance ambiental corporativo no Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Helliene Sares , Fabriz Daury Cesar
Published: November 2024

Propõe-se como objetivo da pesquisa uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre o real compromisso corporativo com as práticas sustentáveis de compliance ambiental, para salvaguardar o direito fundamental ao meio ambiente preservado e equilibrado. Na contemporaneidade, o desafio de aviar soluções capazes de anelar sustentabilidade e crescimento econômico, diante das demandas complexas e plurais da humanidade e de suas instituições públicas e privadas, é questão de sobrevivência do ethos planetário. Neste sentido, os programas de integridade e compliance ambiental, podem oferecer relevantes contribuições para o alcance dos objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável insertos na Agenda 2030. É cogente uma transformação cultural para que soluções alcançáveis possam equilibrar desenvolvimento econômico e uma eficiente gestão de riscos e tragédias ambientais em países como o Brasil, que vivenciam uma distópica relação com o meio ambiente e as atividades extrativistas e minerárias. Para esta pesquisa, assumiu-se o método dialético, em estudo qualitativo, construído a partir da revisão bibliográfica e documental. Adotou-se a análise bardiniana de conteúdo que permitiu apontar a inconsistência entre discursos e o real compromisso com práticas brasileiras de compliance ambiental corporativo. Distante da pretensão do cessar estas reflexões, destaca-se a importância da promoção de soluções colaborativas entre as partes interessadas, ao esteio de diplomas legais e ajustes extrajudiciais para ampliar possibilidades de acompanhamento das práticas de integridade e conformidade em instituições privadas dada a sua essencialidade no Estado Democrático de Direito Ambiental.
Direitos humanos e a barbárie neoliberal
Authors: Rosolen Solange Montanher
Published: November 2024

O artigo apresenta como objeto de estudo os direitos humanos no contexto político-econômico da teoria neoliberal. O objetivo do trabalho é discutir sobre os desafios da efetividade dos direitos humanos na sanha incontida do neoliberalismo, acentuando a discussão nos efeitos provocados para as pessoas vulneráveis, de modo especial para as pessoas com deficiência. Inicialmente, trata da escalada da política neoliberal, apresentando seus malefícios de modo geral e o papel do Estado no acordo com o capital. Em seguida, trata dos direitos humanos e seus desafios de manutenção e efetividade na sociedade neoliberal. Ao final destaca o tema das vulnerabilidades das pessoas com deficiência e toda perversidade do sistema econômico contra pessoas que não tem forças para se defender contra sua ação ininterrupta. A pesquisa tem uma perspectiva teórica, apresentando os conceitos primordiais do neoliberalismo e dos direitos humanos, e se complementa empiricamente com a apresentação de dados estatísticos sobre os efeitos do sistema econômico, demonstrando a falta de respeito aos direitos humanos e a efetividade da democracia de modo social e substancial. O trabalho segue o método hipotético dedutivo ao relacionar a prática neoliberal com o a barbárie aplicada contra os direitos humanos, principalmente das pessoas com deficiência e sua vulnerabilidade.
Enhancing urban infrastructure: water supply and drainage pipeline defect detection with the GLIP pre-trained model and the YOLOv5 model
Authors: Liu Peng , Chen Wei , Yu Jiahe , Zhao Qi , Wang Jue , Tan Cai , Wang Wei , Luo Dong
Published: November 2024

Urban water supply and drainage systems are a crucial component of urban infrastructure, directly affecting residents' livelihoods and industrial production. The normal operation of the water supply and the drainage pipeline is of great significance for conserving water resources and preventing water pollution. However, due to characteristics such as deep burial, diverse materials, and extensive lengths, the detection of defects becomes exceptionally complex. Traditional detection methods used in practical applications, such as ground excavation and destructive testing, typically require the shutdown of water pipelines. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, often resulting in significant economic losses. This paper proposes an effective technique for detecting defects in the water supply and the drainage pipeline. The method involves capturing images of the inner walls of water supply conduits and subsequently utilizing an artificial intelligence large-scale model approach (grounded language-image pre-training, GLIP) and a You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) model to detect defects within them. The experimental results show that GLIP demonstrates impressive detection performance in zero-shot scenarios, while YOLOv5 performs well on existing datasets. By combining these two models, we were able to achieve a balance between fast, flexible detection and high precision, making our approach both practical and efficient for real-world applications.
Subsistema Educativo no Escolarizado del Resguardo Indígena de Males: Actores y Procesos de Gobernanza
Authors: Parada-Trujillo Abad E. , Romero Rosana Alejandra Meleán , Avendaño-Castro William R.
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación tiene por propósito reconocer los procesos de gobernanza visibles en el subsistema educativo no escolarizado del Resguardo Indígena de Males en el departamento de Nariño (Colombia). El estudio se fundamentó en el paradigma sistémico, el enfoque cualitativo de nivel explicativo y la etnografía fundamentada. Participaron en el estudio 63 personas entre miembros de la comunidad indígena. Se emplearon palabreos y mingas como técnicas de recolección de información, prácticas ancestrales de la misma comunidad que se adoptaron en esta investigación, además de la observación participante. Los datos se analizaron bajo la óptica del Marco de Análisis y Desarrollo Institucional (IAD) de Elinor Ostrom, a través de un proceso de codificación y categorización. Sobre 1.118 unidades de análisis seleccionadas de las transcripciones, se adelantaron 2.570 codificaciones abiertas, lo que permitió la creación de variados códigos axiales (114) y categorías inductivas (20). Los resultados evidencian el cumplimiento de los principios del IAD para el caso estudiado, lo que se considera evidencia para considerar el subsistema educativo no escolarizado del Resguardo ndígena de Males como un bien común por cuanto emergen y se reproducen prácticas de gobernanza en el marco de la educación propia.
«ОПИСАНИЕ О ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИИ ЯЗЫКОВ ИНОРОДЧЕСКИХ ПЛЕМЕН В ВОСТОЧНОЙ И ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ» : ТЕКСТЫ И КОНТЕКСТЫ
Authors: Афанасьева Е. Ф. , Гусев В.Ю. , Коновалова Е. Н. , Майоров А. П. , Трофимова О. В. , Харанутова Д. Ш.
Published: November 2024

Настоящая монография продолжает серию научных изданий, основанных на публикации и анализе документов из собрания Научного архива Русского географического общества, посвященных многоаспектному описанию Сибири. Публикуемый в книге источник рассматривается в широком гуманитарном контексте преимущественно XVIII-XIX вв. Адресована специалистам в области истории языкознания, языков народов Сибири, истории исследования Сибири, аспирантам, магистрантам и студентам гуманитарных направлений подготовки, историкам, этнографам, а также всем интересующимся историей России.
STUDY OF THE VENTILATION FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN LUNGS WITH THE METHODS OF RESPIRATORY ACOUSTICS DURING 5-DAY FEMALE DRY IMMERSION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Astafyeva S.N. , Zaripov R.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Mikhailovskaya A.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Dyachenko A.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

Effects of modeled microgravity on the human respiratory system were investigated during a 5-day dry immersion (ID) study with participation of 18 female subjects. The paper describes the registration technique and results of analysis of the tracheal respiratory noise (RN) in the course of maximal lung ventilation maneuver (MLV). Statistically significant dynamics of several spirometric parameters and RN during DI was observed. Application of an exponential regression model to describe RN power is discussed. On day-3 after DI, a high coefficient of correlation between RN power and MLV was derived; the established regression coefficients can be used to estimate ventilation by RN power, i.e. comparing the values of MLV and RN in different people. It may be considered that a bigger RN power, a more profound lung ventilation. However, in the course of DI the respiration system condition changes very much and deviations of the RN power from the regression dependence are significant. In future, RN can be used as an indicator of processes occurring within the human system of respiration.
ANALYSIS OF RADIATION LOADS IN AN ISS CREW-QUARTER PROTECTED WITH A COMPOSITE MATERIAL
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kartashov D.A. , Pavlenko V.I. ,   Shoukhov Belgorod State Technological University, Belgorod, Cherkashina N.I. ,   Shoukhov Belgorod State Technological University, Belgorod, Ivanova O.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tolochek R.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shurshakov V.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

The paper reports the results of calculating doses in the location of a cylindrical container of a protective composite (teflon of 1 cm in thickness and 4.05 g/cm3 density) in the left crew quarter of the ISS Service module (space experiment "Protective composite"). Calculations were compared with the data of passive PILLE-MKS detectors installed inside the container and on the nearby wall. Calculation was performed using ray tracing for the detectors' locations with consideration for the input of galactic cosmic rays and particles in Earth's radiation belts in the conditions modeling the space station compartment. The calculation was made for the ISS orbit in the period between February 21 and September 19, 2022 on the background of increasing solar activity. According to the PILLE-ISS measurements, the protective effect of the composite in terms of absorbed dose made up 1.39 ± 0.03, largely due to a reduced input of Earth's radiation belts which agrees with the calculations.
Compliance with Regulatory Standards: A Comprehensive Review on Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi)
Authors: Sharma Sanyam , Naman Subh , Dwivedi Jayesh , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Chandan Arun , Baldi Ashish
Published: November 2024

In response to the surging global demand for medicinal products, the herbal indus-try faces significant challenges in ensuring the quality of herbal formulations. Regulatory bod-ies, actively set wanted acceptance limits to different parameters and tries to uphold quality standards. However, the complexities of herbal manufacturing, characterized by batch-to-batch variations and heavy metal residues, pose formidable obstacles. This article also focuses on Ocimum sanctum as a model plant, revealing its cultural, medicinal, ecological, and eco-nomic significance in brief. The primary objective of this work is to consolidate diverse quali-ty standards prescribed by different regulatory agencies and to create an empowering resource for farmers to adhere to regulatory parameters for cultivating quality produce. The research employs detailed evaluations, covering macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and tox-icity assessments to address the challenges encountered by stakeholders in herbal sector. The study emphasizes the in depth research of verify regulatory standards set by entities such as the Indian Pharmacopoeia, Ayurvedic Indian Pharmacopoeia, Food Safety and Standards Au-thority of India and World Health Organization to ensure the quality and safety of medicinal products. It underscores the difficulties in maintaining consistent quality with herbal products, including batch variations and exceeding permissible limits of contaminants etc. Despite regu-latory efforts, the scattered nature of data necessitates assimilation for effective quality con-trol. Focused on the model plant Ocimum sanctum, the research highlights the imperatives for farmers to adhere to regulatory parameters from inception of cultivation. Additionally, it seeks to consolidate information aiming to bridge the knowledge gap and empower farmers for qual-ity cultivation. In conclusion, the research emphasizes collaborative efforts among regulatory bodies, scientific research, and the agricultural sector to sustain consistent quality standards in the herbal industry and present a comprehensive compilation of quality standards of Ocimum sanctum as a model herb for further commercial exploration in simplified manner.
Mapping the human capital development landscape: A bibliometric analysis
Authors:   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, Sahal Abukar Mohamed , Abdullahi Mohamed Omar ,   Faculty of Computing, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, Mohamud Ibrahim Hassan ,   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, Mohamed Mohamud Ahmed ,   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, Hussein Ayub Mohamud ,   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia
Published: November 2024

This study aims to address a gap in the bibliometric analysis of Human Capital Development (HCD). It seeks to identify patterns, investigate themes, and recognize key sources in this important field. Using data from the Scopus database covering the years 2003 to 2023, the study examines publication trends, thematic clusters, authorship patterns, and international collaboration. The results show a strong annual growth rate of 15.1% and a collaborative research environment, with an average of 2.91 co-authors per document and a significant foreign co-authorship rate of 17.68%. The dataset includes various types of documents, reflecting the diverse nature of HCD research. The main topics in HCD include education, economic growth, innovation, and sustainable development, demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature of these issues. This study provides valuable insights for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners, enhancing their understanding of HCD dynamics and guiding future research. Future research should include qualitative assessments, explore societal impacts, and further study key researchers and publications.