bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photochemistry of oil in marine systems: developments since the Deepwater Horizon spill
Authors: Elsheref Mohamed , Messina Lena , Tarr Matthew A.
Published: October 2023

Deepwater Horizon oil was exposed to sunlight in the Gulf of Mexico, changing its composition and behavior.
Graphene oxide/alginate/polyacrylate hydrogels as a draw agent for osmosis water purification
Authors: Alabi Adetunji , Zou Linda
Published: October 2023

Alginate/polyacrylate/graphene oxide hydrogels with a self-generated osmotic gradient were developed as draw agents for osmotic water purification. The hydrogels continuously drew water across an osmotic membrane and did not need a regeneration step.
Multiscale modeling of VOC–graphene nanostructure interactions: designing new sorbents for portable mass spectrometric applications
Authors: Armaković Stevan , Aleksić Milena , Giannoukos Stamatios , Brkić Boris
Published: October 2023

In this study, we conducted an extensive computational investigation using various theoretical approaches to elucidate the molecular-level interactions between ten representative volatile organic compounds and functionalized graphene nanosheets.
Incorporation of protons and hydroxide species in BaZrO3 and BaCeO3
Authors: Rowberg Andrew J. E. , Li Meng , Ogitsu Tadashi , Varley Joel B.
Published: October 2023

We calculate the energetics of protonation in proton-conducting oxides, as well as defect concentrations and mobility under electrolysis conditions.
Fluoranthene-based derivatives for multimodal anti-counterfeiting and detection of nitroaromatics
Authors: Selvaraj Kasthuri , Palanisamy Prasanth , Manikandan Marimuthu , Managutti Praveen B. , Sangeetha Palanivelu , Mohamed Sharmarke , Pamanji Rajesh , Selvin Joseph , Nasiri Sohrab , Kment Stepan , Nutalapati Venkatramaiah
Published: October 2023

Two novel fluoranthene ensembles with ethyl alcohol (FOH) and ethanethiol (FSH) functionality with distinct diagonal and ladder arrangements in the crystal lattices were developed for Latent Fingerprints (LFPs) towards analysis of explosives.
A novel bio-electrochemical sensor based on a 1,4-bis(triphenylphosphonium)butane)3[SiW11O39Ni(H2O)]/P@ERGO nanocomposite for the selective determination of l-cysteine and l-tryptophan
Authors: Ahmadi Direstani Saeide , Dianat Somayeh
Published: October 2023

A sensitive electrochemical sensor based on (BTPB)SiW11Ni/P@ERGO/GCE for l-Cys, and l-Trp detection at the micromolar level with noticeable selectivity.
Computational assessment of the potential of cross-catalytic coprecipitating systems for the bottom-up design of nanocomposites
Authors: Rouillard Joti , Maier Britta , Cölfen Helmut , García-Ruiz Juan-Manuel
Published: October 2023

Using a computational modelling approach, we study the potential of cross-catalytic coprecipitating systems for the synthesis of nanocomposites. We found that these systems can form self-organized nanocomposites with various complex textures.
Structured hybrid photodetectors using confined conducting polymer nanochannels
Authors: Das Sukanya , Girish K. H. , Ganesh N. , Narayan K. S.
Published: October 2023

We design and fabricate hybrid organic inorganic perovskite photodetectors that utilize hole transport layer poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) PEDOT:PSS confined in alumina nanocylinders.
Pneumatic nano-sieve for CRISPR-based detection of drug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Peng Ruonan , Chen Xinye , Xu Fengjun , Hailstone Richard , Men Yujie , Du Ke
Published: October 2023

A multiplexing nano-sieve device is developed to couple with CRISPR assay for the sensitive, accurate, and specific detection of drug-resistant bacteria in biofluids.
Enhancing SERS activity with a pyroelectric-induced charge-transfer effect
Authors: Zhuo Xiaolu
Published: October 2023

This article highlights the recent work of Man, Pan, Li et al. (Nanoscale Horiz., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NH00053B) on the significant SERS amplification achieved by a pyroelectric-effect-assisted platform by combining a pyroelectric material with plasmonic silver nanoparticles.
Investigation on copper–nickel co-doped anatase titania nanospheres as an efficient material for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications
Authors: Raguram T. , Rajni K. S. , Nandhakumar E. , Kiruthiga G.
Published: October 2023

Sol–gel synthesized copper–nickel co-doped anatase titania nanospheres exhibit superior photoactivity against Rh-B dye degradation and act as a photoanode in DSSCs achieving higher efficiency under visible light irradiation.
Understanding the thermomechanical behavior of graphene-reinforced conjugated polymer nanocomposites via coarse-grained modeling
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Zhaofan , Sun Dali , Jiang Naisheng , Niu Kangmin , Giuntoli Andrea , Xia Wenjie
Published: October 2023

By employing coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, this study aims to investigate the thermomechanical behaviors of graphene-reinforced conjugated polymer nanocomposites at a fundamental molecular level.
Hexagonal boron nitride exfoliation and dispersion
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez Cecilia , Chow Alina , Smith McWilliams Ashleigh D. , Martí Angel A.
Published: October 2023

An overview of the many different methods used to disperse and exfoliate hexagonal boron nitride into boron nitride nanosheets. The methods and properties for the exfoliated sheets and the dispersions obtained are summarized and discussed.
A critical review on amorphous–crystalline heterostructured electrocatalysts for efficient water splitting
Authors: Singh Manjinder , Cha Dun Chan , Singh Thangjam Ibomcha , Maibam Ashakiran , Paudel Dasu Ram , Nam Dong Hwan , Kim Tae Hyeong , Yoo Sunghoon , Lee Seunghyun
Published: October 2023

This review presents comprehensive details on recent developments in the fabrication of different amorphous–crystalline heterostructures, their compositions, and the resulting physicochemical properties for OER, HER, and overall water splitting.
Asymmetric dearomative reductive arylallylation of indoles with trifluoromethyl alkenes by nickel catalysis
Authors: Huang Xinmiao , Tan Xin , Zhang Xu , Song Zhiyong , Ma Ming , Chen Bo , Ma Yuanhong
Published: October 2023

Herein, we report an asymmetric dearomative reductive arylallylation of indoles with trifluoromethyl alkenes enabled by nickel catalysis to access structurally diverse gem-difluorovinyl-containing chiral polycyclic indolines.
Interaction between the substrate and probe in liquid metal Ga: experimental and theoretical analysis
Authors: Amano Ken-ichi , Tozawa Kentaro , Tomita Maho , Takagi Riko , Iwayasu Rieko , Nakano Hiroshi , Murata Makoto , Abe Yousuke , Utsunomiya Toru , Sugimura Hiroyuki , Ichii Takashi
Published: October 2023

Interaction between two bodies in a liquid metal is an important topic for development of metallic products with high performance. We conducted atomic force microscopy measurements and theoretical calculations in liquid Ga.
Natural surfactant mediated bioremediation approaches for contaminated soil
Authors: Sar Pintu , Kundu Sandip , Ghosh Aniruddha , Saha Bidyut
Published: October 2023

In this approach, a number of microorganisms that produced biologically derived surfactants are significantly utilized to break down hazardous pollutants.
Advancing structural batteries: cost-efficient high-performance carbon fiber-coated LiFePO4 cathodes
Authors: Choi Jaehoon , Zabihi Omid , Ahmadi Mojtaba , Naebe Minoo
Published: October 2023

Structural cathode: a cost-efficient method for creating a high-performance structural LiFePO4 positive electrode by coating carbon fibers at mild conditions was introduced. This electrode exhibited a capacity of 108 mA h g−1 at 1.0 C.
Selective catalytic synthesis of new terpenic chlorides using NaDCC as an eco-friendly and highly stable FAC agent
Authors: Labyad Salim Adam , Mekkaoui Ayoub Abdelkader , Laayati Mouhsine , Orfi Hamza , El Firdoussi Larbi , El Houssame Soufiane
Published: October 2023

A simple, mild and efficient scope pathway for selective catalytic chlorination of terpenic olefins is investigated using sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) as highly efficient chlorination agent combined with readily available Lewis acid catalyst.
In situ detection of reactive oxygen species spontaneously generated on lead acid battery anodes: a pathway for degradation and self-discharge at open circuit
Authors: Asserghine Abdelilah , Baby Aravind , Putnam Seth T. , Qian Peisen , Gao Elizabeth , Zhao Huimin , Rodríguez-López Joaquín
Published: October 2023

Prospects for refurbishing and recycling energy storage technologies such as lead acid batteries (LABs) prompt a better understanding of their failure mechanisms.
Photoelectrochemical conversion of glycerol aqueous solution to value-added chemicals using Bi2Fe4O9 as a photoanode
Authors: da Silva Bruno L. , Carminati Saulo A. , Souza Matheus B. C. , Soares Leonardo C. , Longo Claudia , Fernández Pablo S. , Nogueira Ana F.
Published: October 2023

Glycerol photoelectrochemical conversion into value-added chemicals by using a Bi2Fe4O9 photoanode at different pH values.
Sulfonate compounds embraced from acid copper electroplating baths as innovative additives for alkaline Zn batteries
Authors: Bogomolov Katerina , Grishina Ekaterina , Ein-Eli Yair
Published: October 2023

This study explores the use of sulfonate-based electrolyte additives (used in acidic copper electroplating) enabling improvement in Ni–Zn batteries performances, addressing challenges like dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, and Zn anode's corrosion.
Preparation of freestanding and ultrastable CsPbX3 perovskite quantum dots/SEBS composite films for curved and flexible surfaces
Authors: Lv Yin , Tu Shuhua , Chen Min
Published: October 2023

CsPbX3 PQDs/SEBS composite films are facilely prepared by an interfacial confinement method. These composite films can be conveniently applied to various curved and flexible substrates, while also exhibiting remarkable environmental stability.
Branched-chain fatty acids affect the expression of fatty acid synthase and C-reactive protein genes in the hepatocyte cell line
Authors: Gozdzik Paulina , Czumaj Aleksandra , Sledzinski Tomasz , Mika Adriana
Published: October 2023

Fatty acids (FAs) are known to play an important role in human metabolism; however, still little is known about the functions of certain FA classes present in blood at relatively low concentrations. Examples of such compounds include branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). Recently, lowered BCFAs blood concentration was noticed in obese patients. An inverse correlation was found between serum concentrations of BCFAs and triglyceride levels, as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration. Obesity is the most frequently observed component of metabolic syndrome and both disorders are accompanied by the dysregulation of FAs metabolism. However, not all of them are well understood. Our study is the first attempt at presenting the opposite effects of an iso-BCFA (14-methylpentadecanoic acid, 14-MPA) and an anteiso-BCFA (12-methyltetradecanoic acid, 12-MTA) on selected genes related to fatty acid synthesis and inflammation: FASN, SREBP1, CRP, and IL-6 in the HepG2 cell line. We observed lowered expression of FASN, SREBP1, CRP, and IL-6 in cells treated with 14-MPA in comparison with control cells. In contrast, supplementation with 12-MTA caused opposite effects: increased mRNA levels of FASN, CRP, and IL-6. 12-MTA did not influence SREBP1 expression. The results of our preliminary study may suggest potential benefits of the supplementation of iso-BCFAs in obese patients, for inflammation and hypertriglyceridemia prevention.
Machine learning based hosting capacity determination methodology for low voltage distribution networks
Authors: Qammar Naveed , Arshad Ammar , Miller Robert John , Mahmoud Karar , Lehtonen Matti
Published: October 2023

For the past few years, the addition of renewable energy sources has been on the rise, but the unregulated addition of these sources can cause severe harm to the grid. Therefore, it is necessary to have a predefined limit for a grid, beyond which no further addition of renewables should be allowed without reinforcement. That limit is called the hosting capacity (HC), which is addressed in the literature by search‐based methods with heavy computational burdens. This manuscript first presents a framework to find the HC for a grid. The same framework is then applied to 503 different simulated but realistic LV distribution feeders in Finland to find their HCs and the most effective network parameters in defining a network specific HC. Next, different machine learning models, that is, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Linear Regression (LR), K nearest neighbours (KNN), Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are implemented on the generated data. For the classification case, the accuracy values for logistic regression, KNN, and SVM were 0.89, 0.84, and 0.81, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the developed machine learning based technique will enable distribution network operators in finding the HC without applying any deterministic or probabilistic approaches.
Image inpainting network based on multi‐level attention mechanism
Authors: Xiang Hongyue , Min Weidong , Wei Zitai , Zhu Meng , Liu Mengxue , Deng Ziyang
Published: October 2023

Image inpainting networks based on deep learning techniques have been widely used in many important fields. However, most inpainting networks fail to generate desirable repaired images. This may be due to their failure to extract effective features and accurately assign high weights to the undamaged regions. To alleviate these problems, an image inpainting network based on gated convolution and multi‐level attention mechanism (IIN‐GCMAM) is proposed in this paper. This network follows encoder–decoder architecture, consisting of the gated convolution encoder (GC‐encoder) and the multi‐level attention mechanism decoder (MAM‐decoder). The GC‐encoder weighs the extracted features with gated convolutions, which reduces the interference caused by the damaged regions. The multi‐level attention mechanism employed in the MAM‐decoder uses multi‐scale feature maps spatially and channel‐wise to improve the consistency in global structure and the fineness of repaired results. Extensive experiments are conducted on the common datasets, Paris StreetView and CelebA. Experimental results indicate that the proposed IIN‐GCMAM can achieve a good performance on the common evaluation metrics and visual effects. It can achieve 0.0408, 0.720, and 22.27 in MAE, SSIM, and PSNR at the mask ratio of 50%–60%, respectively.
Minimal physical model of the cristal Baschet
Authors: Couineaux Audrey , Ablitzer Frédéric , Gautier François
Published: October 2023

The cristal Baschet is a musical instrument created during the 1950’s by Bernard and Francois Baschet. It is composed of a large number of glass rods arranged in a chromatic scale. The sound produced results of vibrations induced by friction between wet fingers and the glass rods. Each glass rod is connected to an assembly of threaded shafts and a mass. Mechanical properties of this assembly determine the pitch of the note. Then vibrations are transmitted to large metal panels or cones that act as radiating elements. The manufacturing and tuning of this instrument is based on empirical knowledge and involves many parameters whose effects are not clearly understood. One of the encountered problems is the difficulty to produce sound in the high register of the instrument. In an attempt to understand the influences of these parameters on playability, a minimal physical model of the cristal Baschet is developed. It focuses on the interaction between the finger and the isolated resonator. The dynamic behavior is described by a set of modes obtained from a finite element model or from experimental modal analysis. The musician’s gesture is described by two control parameters: the velocity of the finger along the glass rod and the normal force applied by the finger on the rod. To describe the interaction between the finger and the resonator, a friction law is implemented. The influence of different parameters is studied by means of linear stability analysis and time-domain simulations. Specific criteria are developed to highlight the role of design parameters on playability.
A validated finite element model for room acoustic treatments with edge absorbers
Authors: Kraxberger Florian , Kurz Eric , Weselak Werner , Kubin Gernot , Kaltenbacher Manfred , Schoder Stefan
Published: October 2023

Porous acoustic absorbers have excellent properties in the low-frequency range when positioned in room edges, therefore they are a common method for reducing low-frequency reverberation. However, standard room acoustic simulation methods such as ray tracing and mirror sources are invalid for low frequencies in general which is a consequence of using geometrical methods, yielding a lack of simulation tools for these so-called edge absorbers. In this article, a validated finite element simulation model is presented, which is able to predict the effect of an edge absorber on the acoustic field. With this model, the interaction mechanisms between room and absorber can be studied by high-resolved acoustic field visualizations in both room and absorber. The finite element model is validated against transfer function data computed from impulse response measurements in a reverberation chamber in style of ISO 354. The absorber made of Basotect® is modeled using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard-Lafarge model, which is fitted to impedance tube measurements using the four-microphone transfer matrix method. It is shown that the finite element simulation model is able to predict the influence of different edge absorber configurations on the measured transfer functions to a high degree of accuracy. The evaluated third-octave band error exhibits deviations of 3.3–4.1 dB computed from third-octave band averaged spectra.
Aluminum nitride on insulator: Material and processing optimization for integrated photonic applications
Authors: Spettel Jasmin , Andrianov Nikolai , Dubois Florian , Furci Hernán , Cassese Tommaso , Liffredo Marco , Villanueva Guillermo , Quack Niels , Moridi Mohssen , Dao Thang Duy
Published: October 2023

Thin film aluminum nitride on insulator (AlNOI) has gained attention as a promising material platform for integrated photonic circuits (PICs) due to its ability to operate over a wide spectral range covering the ultra-violet to mid-infrared regions, while enabling a broad range of passive photonic functionalities. This study aims to optimize sputtered AlNOI films for PICs, with an emphasis on the spectroscopic ellipsometry study over a range from 0.19 µm to 25 µm. Furthermore, we discuss our approach for fabricating AlNOI PICs components, with a particular focus on optimizing the etching process to attain smooth sidewall waveguides.
Mid-IR linear optical properties of hybrid Sb2S3/SiGe waveguides
Authors: Bieganski Adam , Perestjuk Marko , Armand Remi , Della Torre Alberto , Reboud Vincent , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Tortai Jean-Herve , Nguyen Thach , Mitchell Arnan , Monat Christelle , Cueff Sebastien , Grillet Christian
Published: October 2023

We study the antimony trisulfide’s (Sb2S3) linear optical properties for potential applications in reconfigurable chip-based supercontinuum mid-IR sources. We experimentally demonstrate that Sb2S3 cladding on SiGe-on-Si waveguides induces relatively low extra propagation loss below 1 dB/cm between 3.3 and 3.9 μm wavelength.
On-chip integrated metasurfaces for circular light polarization for trapped-ion quantum applications
Authors: Sorokina Anastasiia , Gehrmann Pascal , Sauer Steffen , Grimpe Carl-Frederik , Du Guochun , Jordan Elena , Mehlstäubler Tanja , Kroker Stefanie
Published: October 2023

In order to accomplish more functional and efficient light routing on a chip, photonic integration is necessary. Particularly in quantum technologies, which require a high precision of operation, avoiding bulky optical arrangements is in high demand. Scalable and robust photonic components open up a plethora of possibilities. The light guiding systems have to be able to cover a wide range of operational wavelengths and different light polarization states. In this work, we present the first numerical results for our approach of a PIC producing NIR circularly polarized light based on a Si3N4 material platform. This concept includes waveguides and metasurfaces that are easily integrable on the chip surface of many trapped-ion quantum computer architectures.
Smart lighting system with tunable radiation pattern
Authors: Cerpentier Jeroen , Rondelez Nick , Slembrouck Nathan , Meuret Youri
Published: October 2023

Smart lighting systems are capable of producing light when and where it is needed. Such functionality can be achieved with adaptive optical systems, which consist of one or multiple adjustable components, enabling illumination with a variable radiation pattern. This paper introduces the design of a compact, tunable optical system, allowing illumination with variable beam size and beam direction. We demonstrate how this system can be combined with computer vision and a feedback loop, to achieve a fully autonomous, smart illumination system.
Following the Flux in diffracted fields – An efficient numerical method for tracing the Eikonal function
Authors: Yu Qin , Muddiman Ryan , Hennelly Bryan
Published: October 2023

We report on our recently developed method for tracing lines of flux in three-dimensional diffracted wavefields using an approach we call ’non-linear ray tracing’ but which can be more accurately described as tracing the lines of flux in the context of the Eikonal function. These ’rays’ navigate through the diffracted field guided by the derivative of the phase at a sequence of successive points. Our approach is based on the Angular Spectrum method, a numerical algorithm that accurately and efficiently calculates diffracted fields for numerical apertures <0.7. This is used to generate a three-dimensional grid of complex wavefield samples in the focal region, followed by tracing the flux through this volume. The ray propagates in a straight line between two consecutive planes within the volume; the phase derivative is calculated at each plane to direct the ray on the next step of its journey. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by generating results for focused laser beams with TEM00 and TEM01 laser profiles. We also simulate the effects of optical aberrations, described by Zernike polynomials, on the three-dimensional focused wavefield. Our non-linear ray tracing method provides a powerful and efficient approach for tracing lines of flux through complex three-dimensional wavefields, offering an exciting new tool for understanding these complex systems.
Assessing embryo quality with digital holographic microscopy
Authors: Dwapanyin George , Chow Darren , Tan Tiffany , Dubost Nicolas , Morizet Josephine , Dunning Kylie , Dholakia Kishan
Published: October 2023

A low-powered, non-invasive digital holographic microscopic imaging technique for embryo quality assessment is presented. Two groups of 2 cell-stage embryos cultured in media of different lipid concentrations have been characterized with digital holographic microscopy for lipid aggregation. The study suggests refractive index measurements are reflective of the lipid and dry mass content in embryos thus making DHM a prospective label-free diagnostic tool for quality assessments in assisted reproduction.
Robust all-dielectric high Q-factor metasurface for sensing
Authors: McCormack Oisin , Dobie Jack , Zhang Xia , Bradley A. Louise
Published: October 2023

All-dielectric metasurfaces have seen a recent surge of interest as an alternative to plasmonic devices, due to low losses and desirable optical properties. High Q-factor quasi-bound state in the continuum resonances can be manufactured and manipulated via designed asymmetry in the nanostructures. The presented metasurface design, based on a slotted disk nanostructure, produces strong E-Field enhancement with good surface coverage external to the structure. The design transition from structure-in-air to structure-on-substrate in a water-based sensing medium is presented, along with the robust tunability and multiplexing potential of our fabricated resonances. Our structure maintains a high Q-factor and refractive index sensitivity over a wide wavelength range in the visible and near-IR.
Frequency comb atom interferometry
Authors: Debavelaere Clément , Solaro Cyrille , Cladé Pierre , Guellati-Khélifa Saïda
Published: October 2023

We have implemented of a light pulse atom interferometer based on the diffraction of free-falling atoms of Rubidium by a picosecond frequency-comb laser. We have studied the impact of the pulses’ length as well as of the interrogation time on the contrast of the fringes. Our data are well reproduce by a theoretical model based on the effective coupling which depend on the overlap between the pulses and the atoms. This technique, which we demonstrated in the visible spectrum on Rb atoms, paves the way for extending light-pulse interferometry to other spectral regions (deep-UV to X-UV) and therefore to new species, since one can benefit from the high peak intensity of the ultrashort pulses which makes nonlinear frequency conversion in crystals and gas targets more efficient.
Dual-comb interferometry using frequency shifting loops
Authors: De Borggrae Louis Alliot , De Chatellus Hugues Guillet
Published: October 2023

Dual-comb systems have demonstrated their potential for metrology, e.g. spectroscopy vibrometry or ranging [1], However, the implementation of dual-combs is often complex and generally requires substantial optical and optoelectronic hardware Here, we propose a simple and compact architecture based on a bidirectional frequency shifting loop, that provides more than I 00 mutually coherent comb lines The system makes use ofa CW laser and a slow electronic detection chain (10 MSa/s) We have implemented two configurations enabling dynamic multi-heterodyne interferometry at 20kHz: the first one makes use of acousto-optic frequency shifters, and allows highly sensitive distributed acoustic sensing along a fiber, The second one involves electro-optic frequency shifters, and enables ranging with a sub-mm resolution.
Radio-frequency enabled comb in ring Quantum Cascade Lasers
Authors: Heckelmann Ina , Dikopoltsev Alex , Bertrand Mathieu , Beck Mattias , Faist Jérôme
Published: October 2023

Frequency combs (FC) generated by quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are a promising tool for precision spectroscopy and gas sensing. Recently, ring QCLs have emerged as a new platform for generating FC with unique advantages over Fabry-Perot geometry. While the bandwidth of such Fabry-Perot devices is determined by the device geometry and dispersion, radio-frequency injected devices with circular geometry enable the exploitation of the full gain bandwidth in a controlled manner. Together with this platform, a predictive analytical model that shows excellent agreement with the experimental data was developed. Our results pave the way for a new approach for frequency comb generation based on fast-gain saturation.
Advances on Percussion Drilling with Femtosecond Laser in GHz-burst Mode
Authors: Balage Pierre , Guilberteau Théo , Lafargue Manon , Bonamis Guillaume , Hönninger Clemens , Qiao Jie , Lopez John , Manek-Hönninger Inka
Published: October 2023

Micromachining of various materials with femtosecond lasers operating in the GHz-burst regime has recently attracted great attention. In this contribution, we show our latest results on top-down percussion drilling in different dielectrics in this new operating regime. The dependence on the burst parameters such as burst repetition rate, number of pulses per burst, and burst energy are discussed. Moreover, we will focus on the influence of the burst shape on the drilling process. The quality of the drilled holes and their reachable dimensions are presented.
NonInvasive Glucose Fiber Sensor Based on Self-Imaging Technique: Proof of Concept
Authors: Cunha Cristina , Silva Susana , Frazão Orlando , Novais Susana
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a proof of concept for a reflective fiber optic sensor based on multimode interference, designed to measure glucose concentrations in aqueous solutions that mimic the range of glucose concentrations found in human saliva. The sensor is fabricated by splicing a short section of coreless silica fiber into a standard single-mode fiber. By studying the principles of multimode interference and Self-imaging it was developed a sensing head that has a total length of 29.1 mm, approximately equal to the second self-image cycle. This sensing head allowed us to detect low concentrations of glucose (ranging from 0 to 268 mg/dl).
In situ carbon and oxygen isotopes measurements in carbonates by fiber coupled laser diode-induced calcination
Authors: Petitjean Alban , Musset Olivier , Thomazo Christophe , Sansjofre Pierre
Published: October 2023

Stable isotopic compositions of carbon and oxygen (δ13C et δ18O) measured from carbonates are used in geology to reconstruct paleotemperatures and to learn about the evolution of the biogeochemical carbon cycle. The standard technique used since the middle of the XXth century [1] to measure isotopic ratios is based on a wet chemical protocol which CO2 is evolved from the acidic dissolution of carbonates followed by quantification of CO2 molecules isotopologues using mass spectrometer or infrared spectroscopy. This is a lengthy protocol that necessitate to manipulate acid solution and numerous gas phases purification steps before isotopic measurements. Our new preparation technique aims at offering an alternative to the wet chemical preparation of the samples by using a direct extraction of CO2 via a laser-induced calcination process. In addition to save time, this method allows to consider spatially resolved and automated in-situ measurements and does not necessitate further purification steps of the evolved CO2 during calcination.
Wavefront sensing for objective assessment of vision therapy efficacy: Preliminary results
Authors: Gomes Jessica , Sapkota Kishor , Franco Sandra
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to use wavefront sensing to objectively evaluate the effects of vision therapy in subjects with insufficiency (AI) and infacility of accommodation (AINF). Aberrometry was performed with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront aberrometer for different accommodative stimuli in one subject with AI and one with AINF before and after treatment with vision therapy (VT). A control subject received a placebo treatment. Real-time accommodative response, accommodation and disaccommodation reaction time, accommodative microfluctuations and root mean square of higher order aberrations were compared before and after VT/placebo. VT was effective and wavefront sensing can be used to detect AI and AINF and evaluate these subjects during VT.
Fourier-Domain Phase Retardation Vortex Measurement
Authors: Schovánek Petr , Baránek Michal , Bouchal Petr , Bouchal Zdeněk
Published: October 2023

Optical vortices have found a wide range of applications thanks to their helical phase topology allowing to carry the orbital angular momentum. In this work, self-interfering vortex beams are utilized in a new single-shot holographic method for the circular phase retardation measurement. The vortices carrying information about the phase retardation introduced between two orthogonal circular polarization modes are generated by the spin to orbital angular momentum conversion. The phase retardation is stored in off-axis holographic records acquired in a common-path setup using a geometric-phase grating. In the proposed method, the circular phase retardation is reconstructed in the Fourier domain, surpassing the measurement precision provided by methods restoring the retardation from the rotation of a Double-Helix Point Spread Function (DH PSF). The developed method can be adapted for application to polarimetry, orientation imaging and diagnostics of nano-emitters.
Manufacturing reflection holographic couplers for see-through applications recorded in photopolymers without prisms: An experimental validation
Authors: Sirvent-Verdú J.J. , Bravo J.C. , Colomina-Martínez J. , Piñol-Galera C. , Nájar G. , Neipp C. , Francés J. , Gallego S. , Beléndez A.
Published: October 2023

In the present work, the viability of a novel recording geometry to produce reflection holographic couplers is analyzed. Recalling the idea of previous works, photopolymers are used as the recording material, as they are well-suited for the intended see-through application. Moreover, Kogelnik’s theory fundamentals give us the proper background to examine the proposed design, where no prisms or microlenses arrays are used. Aiming to support the analysis, we provide experimental evidence that the produced gratings exhibit the correct properties to work as a coupler.
Mitigating the Brillouin strain and temperature cross-sensitivity in heavily GeO2-doped-core optical fibers
Authors: Deroh Moise , Sylvestre Thibaut , Godet Adrien , Maillotte Hervé , Kibler Bertrand , Beugnot Jean-Charles
Published: October 2023

We demonstrate an athermal Brillouin strain sensor using heavily GeO2-doped optical fibers. We also report nonlinear evolution of Brillouin temperature sensitivity as a function of wavelength and strong Brillouin gain in these fibers.
Metaoptics for the spin-controlled generation of orbital angular momentum vector beams
Authors: Vogliardi Andrea , Ruffato Gianluca , Bonaldo Daniele , Dal Zilio Simone , Romanato Filippo
Published: October 2023

Moving from diffractive optics to metalenses, novel tools for structuring light are provided for the integration in compact optical layouts. Here we propose new metaoptics designed for light shaping into structured beams implementing on-demand vectorial configurations. Different optical layouts are achieved in order to generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) vector beams with different shape and peculiarities.
Luminescent Silicon Nanowires for Light-Harvesting and Environmental Sensing Applications
Authors: Morganti Dario , Leonardi Antonio Alessio , Lo Faro Maria Josè , Livreri Patrizia , Conoci Sabrina , Fazio Barbara , Nastasi Francesco , Puntoriero Fausto , Irrera Alessia
Published: October 2023

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) represent one of the most promising platforms to be integrated into modern nanodevices. The fabrication of a dense array of vertically aligned ultrathin Si NWs using a low-cost, maskless approach and compatible with Si technology will be here demonstrated. Si NWs with efficient light emission at room temperature (RT) represent a great advance industry, paving the way for a wide range of unexpected photonic applications. In this work I will show the realization of a new hybrid material based on the luminescence of Si NWs and two different dyes for light-harvesting antennas applications, without any surface functionalization and with energy transfer efficiencies higher than 90%. The luminescence of Si NWs has also been used for sensing applications by the realization of highly sensitive sensors for the detecting of low concentrations of toxic gases. These sensors allow the detection of toxic gases below the threshold limits for human health, through both optical and electrical transduction. The achievement of light emission from silicon-based materials represents a revolution in the industrial field, as it paves the way for new Si applications.
Impact of pre-bypass ultrafiltration on prime values and clinical outcomes in neonatal and infant cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Kohlsaat Katherine , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Fynn-Thompson Francis , Boyle Sharon , Connor Kevin , Regan William , Matte Gregory , Nathan Meena
Published: October 2023

Background: A standard blood prime for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in congenital cardiac surgery may possess non-physiologic values for electrolytes, glucose, and lactate. Pre-bypass Ultrafiltration (PBUF) can make these values more physiologic and standardized prior to bypass initiation. We aimed to determine if using PBUF on blood primes including packed red blood cells and thawed plasma would make prime values more predictable and physiologic. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate whether the addition of PBUF had an impact on outcome measures. Methods: Retrospective review of consecutive patients ≤ 1 year of age undergoing an index cardiac operation on CPB between 8/2017 and 9/2021. As PBUF was performed at the perfusionists’ discretion, a natural grouping of patients that received PBUF vs. those that did not occur. Differences in electrolytes, glucose, and lactate were compared at specific time points using Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables. Clinical outcomes were also assessed. Results: In both cohorts, the median age at surgery was 3 months and 47% of patients were female; 308/704 (44%) of the PBUF group and 163/414 (39%) of the standard prime group had at least one preoperative risk factor. The proportion of PBUF circuits which demonstrated more physiologic values for glucose (318 [45%]), sodium (434, [62%]), potassium (688 [98%]), lactate (612 [87%]) and osmolality (595 [92%]) was significantly higher when compared to standard prime circuit levels for glucose (8 [2%]), sodium (13 [3%], potassium (150 [36%]), lactate (56 [13%]) and osmolality (23 [6%]) prior to CPB initiation. There were no differences in clinical outcomes or rates of major adverse events between the two cohorts. Conclusions: PBUF creates standardized and more physiologic values for electrolytes, glucose, and lactate before the initiation of bypass without significant impacts on in-hospital outcomes.
Decision-making support for optimizing pollutant degradation processes in domestic wastewater treatment plants involving uncertain parameters via fuzzy programming approaches
Authors: Sunarsih Sunarsih , Sasongko Dwi Purwantoro , Khabibah Siti , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: October 2023

A fuzzy optimization model was implemented in this study as a decision-making approach to optimize pollutant degradation processes in facultative ponds of domestic wastewater treatment plants. The fuzzy parameters are due to uncertain situations, which eliminate the need for managers to collect data, particularly when the data are no longer represent the real situation. The managers formulate the fuzzy parameters in the problem based on their intuition and experience in using the provided decision-making tool. Also, the fuzzy optimization model proposed in this study was solved using the fuzzy-based programming approach with the generalized gradient algorithm performed in LINGO 19.0 optimization software. In addition, the numerical experiment was conducted with secondary and generated data for the certain and fuzzy parameters, respectively. The results showed that optimal decisions were achieved and the manager can then use the proposed model in managing domestic wastewater treatment plants.
Qualifikationsanforderungen an Lehrkräfte – Wissenschaft nachgefragt
Authors: Veit Katrin
Published: October 2023

Annett Emmert untersuchte in ihrer Masterarbeit, wie Berufsfachschulen auf den Wandel und die Herausforderungen in den Therapieberufen reagieren. Sie analysierte Hürden und Hindernisse im Schulentwicklungsprozess und fand heraus, dass Lehrende sich unter anderem mehr Kompetenzen in Bezug auf das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten wünschen. Außerdem formulierte sie aus ihren Ergebnissen konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen.
Die Rechtsfrage: Warum erhalten Patient*innen keine neue Verordnung?
Authors: Schlegel Thomas
Published: October 2023

„Bei einem langfristigen Heilmittelbedarf oder besonderen Verordnungsbedarf wird das Budget von Ärztinnen und Ärzten meines Wissens nach nicht belastet. In der Praxis komme ich jedoch häufig in die Situation, dass sie keine weiteren Verordnungen ausstellen, weil sie damit ihr Budget überschreiten würden. In welchen Fällen können Ärztinnen und Ärzte tatsächlich keine weiteren Verordnungen ausstellen?”

Therapeutin aus Niedersachsen
Die Musik spielt bis zum Schluss – Auflösung der Stiftung Physiotherapie Wissenschaften
Authors: Pötting Andrea
Published: October 2023

Fast 21 Jahre war die Stiftung Physiotherapie Wissenschaften, kurz PTW, in der Schweiz fester Bestandteil der physiotherapeutischen Forschungslandschaft. Eine Zeit, in der sich die Physiotherapie akademisierte und die Stiftung viele Projekte und Forschende finanziell unterstützte. Ende des Jahres ist damit Schluss, da eine nachhaltige Finanzierung der Stiftung nicht realisiert werden konnte.
Zusammen unschlagbar – Im Einsatz bei den Special Olympics World Games
Authors: Neumann Nicole
Published: October 2023

Unter dem Motto „Zusammen unschlagbar“ fanden vom 17. bis 25. Juni 2023 die Special Olympics World Summer Games in Berlin statt. 20 000 Volunteers aus der ganzen Welt waren im Einsatz, darunter auch 20 Physiotherapie-Auszubildende aus Freiburg. Mit dem Team vom Gesundheitsprogramm „Healthy Athletes“ kümmerten sie sich um die gesundheitlichen Belange der Athlet*innen.
Weltweite Leitlinie zur Sturzprävention
Authors: Beyersdorf Christoph , Schultz Katharina
Published: October 2023

Die Inzidenz von Stürzen bei älteren Menschen ist weiter steigend. Diese gehen mit einer erheblichen Morbidität und Mortalität sowie einer Belastung des Gesundheitssystems einher. Bei den Betroffenen führen Stürze häufig zu einem Verlust der Selbstständigkeit. Um bislang bestehende Leitlinien zu dieser Thematik zu vereinheitlichen und aktuelle wissenschaftliche Entwicklungen miteinzubeziehen sind im September 2022 die „World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management: a Global Initiative“ entstanden. Diese wurden durch ein internationales und multidisziplinäres Leitlinienkomitee entworfen und sollen medizinischen Fachkräften eine Richtlinie zur Risikostratifizierung und zum Management von sturzgefährdeten Personen bieten. Hierbei sollen die Erwartungen der jeweiligen Person sowie die lokal verfügbaren Ressourcen berücksichtigt werden. Es erfolgt eine Unterteilung in niedriges, intermediäres und hohes Risiko, woraus sich entsprechende Handlungsempfehlungen ableiten.
Establishment of the Daucus carota SMC-1 Cell Suspension Line for Poliovirus Vaccine Development
Authors: Morales-Aguilar Mónica , Bolaños-Martínez Omayra Citlalli , Maldonado Andrea Romero , Govea-Alonso Dania O. , Carreño-Campos Christian , Villarreal María Luisa , Rosales-Mendoza Sergio , Ortiz-Caltempa Anabel
Published: October 2023

The development of virus-free, oral vaccines against poliovirus capable of inducing mucosal protective immunity is needed to safely combat this pathogen. In the present study, a carrot cell
line expressing the poliovirus VP2 antigen was established at the level of callus and cell suspensions, exploring the effects of culture media (MS and B5), supplementation with urea,
phytoregulators (2,4-D : KIN), and light conditions (continuous light, photoperiod, and total darkness). The best callus growth was obtained on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of
2,4-D + 2 mg/L kinetin and 0.0136 g/L of urea and in continuous light conditions. Suspension cultures of the SMC-1 line in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks had a maximum growth of 16.07 ± 0.03 g/L
DW on day 12 with a growth rate of µ=0.3/d and a doubling time of 2.3 days. In a 2 L airlift bioreactor, the biomass yield achieved was 25.6 ± 0.05 g/L DW at day 10 with a growth rate of µ=
0.58/d and doubling time of 1.38 d. Cell growth was 1.5 times higher in bioreactors than in shake flasks, highlighting that both systems resulted in the accumulation of VP2 throughout the
time in culture. The maximum VP2 yield in flasks was 387.8 µg/g DW at day 21, while in the reactor it was 550.2 µg/g DW at day 18. In conclusion, bioreactor-based production of the VP2
protein by the SMC-1 suspension cell line offers a higher productivity when compared to flask cultures, offering a key perspective to produce low-cost vaccines against poliomyelitis.
Rechtskonformität der ärztlichen Aufklärung
bei relativ indizierter sekundärer Sectio an geburtshilflichen Kliniken
in Deutschland – Teil I: Status quo-Erhebung
Authors: Jaster Alexandra Marina , Gaidzik Peter Wolfgang , Schiermeier Sven
Published: October 2023

Einleitung Zur Wahrung des Selbstbestimmungsrechts der Patientin erwartet
die höchstrichterliche Rechtsprechung im Falle der relativen Indikation
zur sekundären Sectio eine vorgezogene Aufklärung über
diese echte Behandlungsalternative sowie die Möglichkeit der
Wahlentscheidung für den Geburtsmodus seitens der Patientin. Das Ziel
dieser deutschlandweiten Studie war die Erhebung des Status quo zur
Rechtskonformität der diesbezüglichen Aufklärungspraxis
an allen deutschen geburtshilflichen Kliniken sowie ein darauf aufbauender
Vergleich anhand des Klinikformats.

Methodik Alle geburtshilflichen Kliniken in Deutschland wurden im Rahmen
einer anonymen Online-Studie mit einem auf der Basis des BGH-Urteils vom
28.08.2018 (AZ: VI ZR 509/17) entwickelten Fragebogen per E-Mail
angeschrieben. Drei Fragen mussten zur Bejahung der Rechtskonformität
kumulativ mit „ja“ beantwortet werden. Die antwortenden Kliniken
wurden anhand ihres Formates (Status als Universitätsklinikum /
Andere Kliniken geschichtet nach Anzahl der Geburten pro Jahr) in sechs Gruppen
eingeteilt.

Ergebnisse 93 Fragebögen konnten ausgewertet werden. 14 Kliniken
(15,05%) erfüllen die Anforderungen. Kliniken mit einer
jährlichen Geburtenzahl von 1.000–1.499 schneiden im Vergleich
noch am besten ab.

Schlussfolgerung Es besteht der dringende Bedarf nach einem sicheren
rechtskonformen Aufklärungskonzept für die alltägliche
Geburtspraxis an deutschen Kliniken.
Correction of Coronal Deformity and Intercompartmental Imbalance through Bone Resection
Authors: Roche Martin , Law Tsun Yee
Published: October 2023

This review discusses the correction of coronal deformity and intercompartmental imbalance through bone resection in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). To achieve functional knee balance, coronal, rotational, and sagittal alignment are critical to successful patient outcomes. Though variations in coronal alignment are debated as a correlate to positive results, advancements in utilizing implant position, alignment, and soft tissue balance to improve patient outcomes and function are an evolving discussion. This study draws upon existing literature, clinical studies, and surgical techniques related to TKA, including advancements in navigation and robotics. The study highlights the importance of individualized alignment strategies for varus and valgus knees. While mechanical neutral alignment has shown excellent long-term data, reevaluating the anatomic recreation of the patient's joint line obliquity is now being studied extensively. Sensor data and navigation systems contribute to improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. The evolution of navigation and robotics has led surgeons to achieve their target angles consistently and accurately; now, the discussion is around the most effective alignment targets. The classification of various phenotypes assists in the proposed starting points for implant position, but soft tissue tension is required in the input data to achieve global balance and stable motion. Each approach's advantages and limitations are considered. In conclusion, achieving optimal coronal alignment, joint line obliquity, and soft tissue balance is crucial for successful TKA outcomes. Personalized alignment philosophies, supported by three-dimensional data and sensor technology, are evolving to minimize critical errors and enhance functional results. Robotic assistance and future advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning hold promise for further improving TKA outcomes in the quest for soft tissue stabilization.