bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyser des lexèmes du quotidien dans une correspondance privée corse (1881-1918) : ressources lexicographiques existantes et apports du corpus
Authors: Dal Bo Beatrice , Giaufret Anna
Published: February 2025

Le projet CorrCa, qui porte sur la numérisation de la correspondance privée de la famille Canioni d’Olmi-Cappella (Corse), nous a menées à explorer quelques ressources lexicographiques qui se situent à la confluence des aires linguistiques italienne, française et corse. Cet article présente notre projet numérique, approfondit la dimension culturelle et lexicale de notre corpus et illustre les ressources lexicographiques, numériques et numériquées, utilisées pour mener des analyses lexicales. En conclusion, nous fournissons quelques pistes de recherche et suggérons la création de nouveaux outils pour le décodage de ces éléments culturels, en utilisant une approche « bottom-up ».
Ideen zur Weiterentwicklung des Mutterschutzes aus arbeitsmedizinischer Sicht
Authors:   Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilian- Universität München, Betriebsärztlicher Dienst, Ochmann Uta
Published: February 2025

Ideas for the further development of maternity protection from an occupational health perspective
Maternity protection at work – the protection goals are clearly formulated in the current Maternity Protection Act: The health of the mother and child should not be endangered and at the same time the mother should not suffer any disadvantages. Is this an antagonism or at least a balancing act? Can implementation succeed? Are further measures necessary?
Die Relevanz der beruflichen Resilienz für die mentale Gesundheit und Arbeitszufriedenheit von Beschäftigten
Authors:   RWTH Aachen, Institut für Psychologie, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Gesundheitspsychologie, Knispel Jens , Slavchova Veneta ,   RWTH Aachen, Institut für Psychologie, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Gesundheitspsychologie, Brenner Julia ,   RWTH Aachen, Institut für Psychologie, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Gesundheitspsychologie, Arling Viktoria ,   RWTH Aachen, Institut für Psychologie, Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Gesundheitspsychologie
Published: February 2025

The relevance of occupational resilience for the mental health and job satisfaction of employees
Objective: An estimated 15 % of all days of absence among employees of all age groups are attributable to mental illness. The aim of this study is to investigate the relevance of various facets of occupational resilience as possible protective factors for the long-term maintenance of employees’ mental health and their experience of their professional situation. The facets of occupational resilience include optimism, acceptance, solution orientation, self-care, network orientation, acceptance of responsibility and future planning.
Method: To investigate the research question, 235 employees working at least 20 hours per week were surveyed in an online study using questionnaires regarding their occupational resilience (RB-7-30) and their emotional irritation, depression and job satisfaction.
Results: The results indicate that occupational resilience is associated with emotional irritation, depression and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses indicate that the respective resilience facets have a differentiated effect on the mental health of employees and their experience of their professional situation.
Conclusions: Occupational resilience is a potential protective factor for maintaining mental health. It seems worthwhile to conduct further studies on the effectiveness of occupational resilience in order to subsequently derive targeted training for employees (managers and staff) and thus make
a lasting contribution to the long-term stabilisation of mental well-being and job satisfaction.
Keywords: occupational resilience – mental health – job satisfaction
Introducing early active mobilization following flexor tendon repair in a developing country context: A feasibility study
Authors: Buttle Naudé Amy , De Klerck Susan
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Flexor tendon injuries remain one of the most difficult hand injuries to manage post-operatively. Early active mobilisation protocols are considered 'best practice' internationally but have not been well researched in the developing country context. The feasibility of such research, and use of these protocols, need to be determined by considering the potential for improved functional outcomes for patients, together with various contextual and resource challenges.
Purpose: To explore aspects of feasibility related to the recruitment-, consent-, and retention rates in consideration of a future definitive Randomised Control Trail. In addition, preliminary results of an early active therapy protocol compared to an early passive therapy protocol were reported on, together with patient satisfaction and demographics.
Methods: A parallel randomised pilot trial design was used. Thirty-one participants were recruited into one of two therapy groups (active or passive). Fourteen of these participants completed their therapy and eight-week assessments including: Total Active Motion, grip strength, the Michigan Hand Questionnaire and the Smith Hand Function Evaluation. 95% Confidence intervals examined feasibility data. Non-parametric data analysis was done primarily using medians and ranges.
Results: Feasibility results of 37% recruitment rate, 97% consent rate and 45% retention rate, did not meet the criteria for success, deeming a trial in the present design, not feasible.
Discussion: Due to the dearth of research from public health clinical settings in developing countries, this study contributes rich contextual data, but the challenges discussed need to be addressed before further research will achieve success.
Keywords: Feasibility studies, recruitment-, consent-, and retention rates, early active rehabilitation, activity and participation
Balancing Mineral Resource Development and Food Security in Northwest Ghana
Authors: Abdul-Wadood Moomen
Published: February 2025

Food security remains a pressing global challenge, particularly in emerging mining regions where the competition between agriculture and mining intensifies. Thus, the main objective of this study is to understand the potential spatial balances between mineral resource development and the food security situation in Northwest Ghana. Despite its agricultural dependence, the region faces declining soil fertility, erratic rainfall patterns, and land degradation, exacerbating food insecurity. The mining sector, while offering economic potential, poses threats to agricultural land, water resources, and rural livelihoods. First, the case study examines existing food security conditions in the area based on reported data. Secondly, the study assesses the proxies using 1990, 2000 2010, and 2020 Landsat 7 ETM, ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI image classifications. The study then compares the results to derive knowledge on existing and potential food security issues and looming mining activities in the region. The study finds that earlier studies reported food security challenges in Districts that are now earmarked to host mining. However, based on primary data, the analysis indicates little food security in the region with a minimum per capita consumption above the global average of 2,640 kca/cap/day in the observed years. Using Earth Observation data, the minimum food availability in a year is still above the reported average for Sub-Saharan Africa. The study finds that areas that host mining concessions and exploration leases show no food security hotspots but are highly degraded with flooding hotspots pronounced in the East and bare lands, devoid of vegetation, common in the West. These findings would help both local and national decision-makers to prioritize responses to Agenda 2030 SDGs in the study.
In-depth Characterization of “Eco-Friendly” EN AW 6026 LF Aluminium Alloy, with Intentionally Reduced Content of Pb and Sn, in Application for Direct Contact with Foods
Authors: Sinagra Ciro , Bravaccino Francesco , Di Betta Giorgio , Cazzago Gianfranco , Cusan Claudia , Sguazzin Alessia , Greco Vincenza , Bellucci Francesco
Published: February 2025

In order to enhance the mechanical processing of aluminium alloys, the utilisation of aluminium alloys containing lead (Pb) and tin (Sn) has been adopted in many industrial applications. In order to improve the environmental impact and to open up further additional markets, a new aluminium alloy, EN AW 6026LF, has been developed by substituting Pb and Sn with Bi, which has been added as an alloying agent at a level of approximately 1%. Consequently, this study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the potential of EN AW 6026LF for utilisation in food machinery and packaging applications. The experimental analyses conducted include microstructural characterisation, corrosion resistance on the bare and anodised alloy, and Bi migration tests in various aqueous simulants. The toxicity evaluations have shown that the release of Bi remains within safe limits under various conditions, which should ensure consumer safety. This comprehensive assessment underscores the versatility, sustainability, and regulatory compliance of EN AW 6026LF, which could be considered a viable alternative to traditional lead-containing alloys in environmentally sensitive and direct food contact applications.
Editorial
Authors: Sik Domonkos , Németh Renáta , Barna Ildikó , Gessler Theresa , Vincze Hanna Orsolya
Published: February 2025

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Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles with and without capping agents v1
Authors: Okonogi Siriporn
Published: February 2025

This protocol describes the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using a Caesalpinia sappan extract as a reducing agent with and without different capping agents. Copper oxide nanoparticles were prepared by reducing copper sulfate dissolved in water with the aqueousextract of C. sappan according to our previously described method (Sasarom et al, 2023).
Bio - hCONH 3D v1
Authors: Wang Songlin
Published: February 2025

Purpose hCONH 3D heteronuclear dipolar correlation 1H detection experiment at fast spinning rate. Scope Intra-residue (COi-1, Ni, Hi) backbone chemical shift correlations of CO, N and H atoms. 3D hCONH is used for sequential assignment of 15N, 13C, and 1H chemical shifts in conjugation with 3D hCANH and 3D hCA(CO)NH experiments. Checklist for setting hCONH3d experiment: Load parameters file or previous standard experiment acquired using the same spectrometer, probe, andspinning rate (if exist). Updated the optimized parameters (p14, plw14, p13, plw13, p15, plw15, p43, spnam41, cnst41, spnam31, cnst31, p35, spnam32, cnst32, spnam52, cnst52, p54, spnam53, cnst53, spnam43, cnst43, p38, spnam38, cnst38, cpdprg4, p24, and cnst24, cpdprg3, p23, cnst23, cpdprg5, p25, cnst25, cpdprg6, p26, cnst26, and d30). Set carrier frequencies for each channel (O1p, O2p, O3p). Set acquisition time (aq), dwell time (dw), spectral width (sw), and complex points (TD) for each dimension. Set recycle delay (d1) Set NUS schedule if applicable Set scan numbers (NS)
Analysis of Narrative Strategies in Independent Non-Fiction Narrative Podcasts in Ibero-America
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortiz Raúl , Fernández-Sande Manuel
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the narrative strategies employed in 11 independent narrative non-fiction podcasts from seven Ibero-American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Spain, Portugal, Colombia, Chile, and Mexico. The research concentrates on identifying the primary narrative trends applied within this genre of audio journalism, focusing on how the role of the narrator and the structure of the story boost credibility and listener engagement. The methodology combines semi-structured interviews with 16 podcast producers and content analysis of 73 episodes to explore how these podcasts shape their narrative approaches. The results reveal that these podcasts use various journalistic subgenres, including interviews, sound chronicles a recognised genre within narrative and radio journalism in Ibero-American, and other more artistic or experimental formats such as radio features, along with narrative structures like episodic, Aristotelian, and counterpoint, allowing for diverse forms of storytelling. In addition, the study underscores the incorporation of sound archives, personal life stories, and other audio techniques to enhance the narrative’s depth and emotional resonance. These elements contribute to producing socially relevant stories that often challenge stereotypes and address underrepresented voices in society. Ultimately, this research highlights the role of independent non-fiction podcasts in the evolution of audio journalism in Ibero-America.
Toxocarosis in children: unresolved issues of clinic, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Aleksandrov Pavel A. , Lavrov Nikanor V. , Iskalieva Adelia R.
Published: February 2025

Toxocariasis is a widespread zoonotic parasitic invasion, with a fecal-oral transmission mechanism, occurring in humans exclusively in the form of tissue parasitism of the larval stage of Toxocara spp. (biological dead end) and manifests itself in the form of toxic-allergic reactions of varying severity and multiple organ lesions, that depends on the number and location of the parasites. It is more common for children due to regular contact with soil when they play in public parks and playgrounds contaminated with Toxocara eggs, that have tendency to a long-term relapsing course. There is no doubt about the existence of clinical manifest toxocariasis, which is manifested by fever, nonproductive cough, allergic rashes and hypereosinophilia in combination with a high level of antibodies to toxocariasis, however, there are still conflicting data on the impact on the general health of children who are seropositive for toxocariasis with low coefficients, in the absence of a significant increase in the level of peripheral blood eosinophils, i.e. the so-called “toxocara carrier”. It is an important task in practical healthcare to update the concept of low-intensity, because of increasing number of children with immune-related disorders, increased allergenic background, and skin diseases. Toxocara infestation. The article provides literature review of the problem of identifying, clinical and laboratory assessment of the course of toxocariasis and toxocara carriage, the impact of these conditions on the health and premorbid background of children, including children with low level of specific antibodies, and big choice of etiotropic therapy.
Correction of peripheral myopic defocus with HAL spectacle lenses
Authors: Tarutta Elena P. , Tarasova Natalia A. , Proskurina Olga V. , Kondratova Svetlana E.
Published: February 2025

Current methods to slow myopia progression based on the theory of peripheral defocus have shown their efficacy when used as spectacle, contact, and orthokeratology lenses. Spectacle lenses with highly aspherical microlenslets (Stellest®) were introduced into clinical practice in 2020, and their efficacy was rated highly in different studies.
AIM: To investigate peripheral defocus imposed by Stellest® spectacle lenses in myopic children.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Peripheral refraction (PR) was evaluated in 42 children (84 eyes) with low-to-moderate myopia. Patients of Group 1 (42 eyes) were examined under cycloplegic conditions, without correction and with HAL spectacle lenses, in the primary position and different directions of gaze, 15° and 30° temporally (T) and nasally (N) from the fovea. Patients of Group 2 (42 eyes) were examined under mydriatic conditions, without correction and with HAL spectacle lenses, 5°, 10°, 15° nasally and temporally from the fovea, in the different directions of gaze. PR was measured using the Grand Seiko WAM-5500 open-field binocular autorefractor. To calculate peripheral defocus, central (axial) refraction was subtracted from the peripheral spherical equivalent taking into account the +/− sign.
RESULTS: HAL spectacle lenses reduced hyperopic defocus and imposed a myopic one in all tested areas of the near retinal periphery; the differences at N5 and N10 points were statistically significant (р 0.05). At N15 point ocular movements imposed myopic defocus of −0.26 D (р 0.05). There is also a trend towards a decrease in hyperopic defocus at T15 and N30 points.
CONCLUSION: The first study of peripheral refraction with HAL spectacle lenses (Stellest®) helped demonstrate that the lenses imposed myopic defocus on the retinal periphery, with the greatest defocus on the near nasal periphery.
Source Parameters and Ground-Motion Simulation of the 2023 Mw 5.5 Pingyuan Earthquake in the North China Plain
Authors: Yao Qiang , Yu Houyun , Yu Chunquan , Chen Xiaofei , Xie Junju
Published: February 2025

The North China Plain (NCP) is a tectonically active region that has experienced several devastating earthquakes over the last century. However, its seismic activity has been relatively low for nearly half a century since the 1976 Mw 7.6 and 7.0 Tangshan earthquakes. In August 2023, an Mw 5.5 earthquake struck Pingyuan County, Shandong Province. It was the largest earthquake in the NCP in the last 40 yr and resulted in unexpected ground shaking. This event was well recorded by local strong-motion accelerometers and regional broadband seismometers, providing a valuable opportunity to investigate its seismogenesis and assess seismic hazards in the NCP. In this study, we determine the source parameters of the Mw 5.5 Pingyuan earthquake and investigate the effects of unconsolidated sediments on ground motions. Using the Cut-And-Paste inversion and depth-phase waveform modeling methods, we accurately determine the focal mechanism and depth of the earthquake. Our results indicate right-lateral strike-slip motion on a deep-seated fault with a focal depth of 17 km. Ground-motion simulations, based on the determined source parameters and a detailed 3D velocity model, reveal significant ground-motion amplification in sedimentary basins, correlating with the thickness of unconsolidated sediments. Our study underscores the importance of subsurface structures in ground-motion prediction and seismic hazard assessment, particularly in the context of future large earthquakes in the NCP.
Detection of a Space Capsule Entering Earth’s Atmosphere with Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)
Authors: Carr Chris G. , Donahue Carly M. , Viens Loïc , Beardslee Luke B. , McGhee Elisa A. , Danielson Lisa R.
Published: February 2025

On 24 September 2023, the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer sample return capsule (SRC) entered Earth’s atmosphere after successfully collecting samples from an asteroid. The known trajectory and timing of this return provided a rare opportunity to strategically instrument sites to record geophysical signals produced by the capsule because it travelled at hypersonic speeds through the atmosphere. We deployed two distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) interrogators to sample over 12 km of surface-draped fiber-optic cables, as well as six collocated seismometer-infrasound sensor pairs, spread across two sites near Eureka, Nevada. This campaign-style rapid deployment is the first reported recording of an SRC re-entry with any distributed fiber-optic sensing technology. The DAS interrogators recorded an impulsive arrival with an extended coda which had features that were similar to recordings from both the seismometers and infrasound sensors. While the signal-to-noise ratio of the DAS data was lower than the seismic-infrasound data, the extremely dense spacing of fiber-optic sensors allowed for more phases to be clearly distinguished and the visualization of the continuous transformation of the wavefront as it impacted the ground. Unexpectedly, the DAS recordings contain less low-frequency content than is present in both the seismic and infrasound data. The deployment conditions strongly affected the recorded DAS data; in particular, we observed that fiber selection and placement exert strong controls on data quality.
NOVEL EXTRACTS FROM Boletus edulis FOR FUNCTIONAL PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: VAMANU Emanuel
Published: February 2025

This research presents advanced biotechnological techniques for extracting bioactive components from Boletus edulis, a well-known edible mushroom, sometimes referred to as porcini or king bolete, renowned for its gastronomic desirability and nutritional benefits. The study outlines the advancement of novel extraction methods for producing bioactive compounds that can improve health. These molecules are crucial in creating effective treatments to target different health issues. This research discusses advancements in functional product development that enhance the efficiency of obtaining these compounds from Boletus edulis. This contributes to the expanding domain of biofunctional ingredient research.
Relationship between objective and subjective refraction measurements in patients with mild keratoconus
Authors:   Optometry Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1148965111, Iran; Optical Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon 51001, Iraq, Khorrami-Nejad Masoud , Hashemian Hesam ,   Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran, Sadeghi Masoud ,   Optometry Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1148965111, Iran, Yousefi Reza ,   Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran, Narooie-Noori Foroozan ,   Optometry Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1148965111, Iran
Published: February 2025

AIM: To compare objective dry retinoscopy and subjective refraction measurements in patients with mild keratoconus (KCN) and quantify any differences.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done on 68 eyes of 68 patients diagnosed with mild KCN. Objective dry retinoscopy using autorefractometer and subjective refraction measurements were performed. Sphere, cylinder, J0, J45, and spherical equivalent values were compared between the two techniques.
RESULTS: The mean age of 68 patients with mild KCN was 21.32±5.03y (12–35y). There were 37 (54.4%) males. Objective refraction yielded significantly more myopic sphere (-1.44 D vs -0.57 D), higher cylinder magnitude (-2.24 D vs -1.48 D), and more myopic spherical equivalent (-2.56 D vs -1.31 D) compared to subjective refraction (all P<0.05). The mean differences were -0.87 D for sphere, -0.76 D for cylinder, and -1.25 D for spherical equivalent. No significant differences were found for J0 and J45 values, indicating agreement in astigmatism axis (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: In patients with mild KCN, objective dry retinoscopy overestimates the degree of myopia and astigmatism compared to subjective refraction. The irregular cornea in KCN likely impacts objective measurements. Subjective refraction allows compensation for irregularity, providing a more accurate correction. When determining refractive targets, the tendency of objective methods to overcorrect should be considered.
Efficacy of ultrasound cyclo-plasty in treatment of glaucoma in Asian population
Authors:   Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, Ge Ping , Xi Jin-Wei ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, Sang Wei ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, Yang Xiang-Xiang ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, Fu Zi-Wei ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, Jia Jun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, He Yuan ,   Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
Published: February 2025

As a non-invasive surgical procedure ultrasound cyclo-plasty (UCP) has gained attention among ophthalmologists in recent years. Derived from the application of high-intensity focused ultrasound, it has been utilized for the treatment of various types of glaucoma, demonstrating notable efficacy and safety. This review focuses on the efficacy and safety of UCP in treating glaucoma among Asian populations. By summarizing and analyzing existing literature on indications, therapeutic outcomes, and safety profiles, this review further highlights the unique advantages of UCP in glaucoma treatment compared to traditional surgical approaches. These advantages include broader indications, non-invasive nature, quantifiable treatment, excellent intraocular pressure-lowering effects, fewer adverse reactions, and high safety. Additionally, by introducing the underlying mechanism of action, this review explores the factors influencing its therapeutic efficacy, providing theoretical insights for clinical practice and demonstrating UCP’s potential in glaucoma management.
Multi-Year Case Study in Blended Design: Student Experiences in a Blended, Synchronous Distance Controls Course
Authors: Gilmore Alisa , Daher Tareq , Peteranetz Markeya
Published: February 2025

This case study combines two primary areas of literature, blended learning and synchronous distance instruction. The literature provides various interpretations and definitions of blended learning. We define blended learning as a classroom learning model that integrates in-person and online asynchronous instruction with reduced time in class. We discuss blended learning with a synchronous distance teaching component that incorporates evidence-based instructional strategies. We explore a specific mode of synchronous distance instruction where the faculty member is physically located with one set of students and other students are connected into the class remotely. In our case study, students are located in two classrooms on two campuses that are sixty miles apart. The instructor facilitates instruction from either of the campuses. With these two definitions in mind, we present insights from this case study into student experiences in a linear controls course over a three year period (2016, 2018, 2019) in a blended, synchronous distance classroom. A follow-up on the impact of COVID-19 (2020) on the course is also presented along with a comparison of student performance on an individual design project during the years of the study and during COVID-19. Throughout the three-cohort study, students experienced high levels of perceived benefit and engagement in the online course content. Empirical data indicates that the course design proved to be effective in facilitating student achievement both before and during COVID-19.
Use of Open-source Software in Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering Education – Part I: Model Simulation and Analysis
Authors: Lotfi Nima , Auslander Dave , Rodriguez Luis A. , Mbanisi Kenechukwu C , Berry Carlotta A
Published: February 2025

Open-source Software (OSS) provide attractive solutions for complementing Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering (MRE) education due to their numerous advantages such as free access, customizability and wide community support, increased adoption and utilization in industry, etc. To provide a deeper insight on the current status, limitations, and potentials of the OSS, a summary of the results of an online survey, conducted among various community stakeholders, is included. Furthermore, the two parts of this contribution are intended to provide an exposure to the OSS which have the potential to be used in MRE education. To this end, two specific problems, namely, model simulation and analysis of a DC motor (Part I) and controller implementation for a 2-DOF robot manipulator (Part II), are solved using Python, Java, Modelica, GNU Octave, and Gazebo. The systems chosen for this work are some of the most-commonly encountered systems and the considered problems, i.e. model simulation, analysis, and control implementation, are fundamental problems in the context of MRE. Therefore, this work can help MRE instructors familiar with these OSS to easily integrate them into their respective courses. On the other hand, the students can also greatly benefit from this work as it provides an entry point into applying different OSS in MRE-related courses and projects. Exposure to various ways in which an MRE problem is translated into a software solution enables the students to generalize their problem-solving process across different computational tools. Students equipped with such a skillset would potentially have a flexible mindset and could make well-balanced and informed judgements when devising a solution to a real-world engineering problem. Full code scripts for each of the OSS introduced in this work, along with Matlab which is intended as a point of comparison, are included on the GitHub repository of the paper to provide free access to the community and to help with widespread adoption of the OSS in MRE higher education.
Implementation of Lessons Learned to Simulation-Based Reflection in a Digital Circuits Course
Authors: Dickerson Samuel J , Clark Renee M
Published: February 2025

A unique method for promoting reflection among engineering students was used in the present study involving a digital circuits course. The method combined computer-based simulation for digital circuit design with reflective-thought prompts after a midterm exam for post-exam analysis and reflection. This method was first implemented in a microelectronics course using the SPICE simulator. Lessons learned from the initial implementation were applied to the digital circuits course. These lessons learned included the need to scaffold students in the use of the simulation tool for reflection, the need to balance frequency of reflection with student workload and fatigue, and question prompts that voluntarily elicit broad thought after a milestone event such as a midterm exam (versus a quiz). Using a published depth rubric, the assessment results found increased depth of reflection in the present course relative to the initial implementation in microelectronics. Specifically, there were increases in depth of reflection after the midterm exam in the present course versus the midterm exam and two quizzes in the microelectronics course. The increases in depth were significant relative to the quizzes. There was also an increase in the relative occurrence of broad reflections in the present course, with significant differences compared to the quizzes. Although significant differences were not found in the final exam averages based on depth of reflection after the midterm exam or participation in this reflection, results from a follow-up survey several months after the course ended indicated benefit for students. Specifically, 80% of those who competed the reflection exercise indicated a high or very high perceived benefit from doing so. Of the approximately 50% who chose not to complete the reflection exercise, the primary reasons were identified via the follow-up survey. Findings from this work align with and add to the developing literature on student reactions to reflection.
Generating a Classroom Pulse from Active Windows on Student Computers
Authors: Mohammadi-Aragh Mahnas Jean , Williams Christopher B.
Published: February 2025

With technology embedded in an increasing number of educational contexts, it is prudent to identify ways in which instructors can leverage technology to benefit their pedagogical practices. The purpose of this study was to determine if information about students' active windows on their personal computers could provide actionable information to inform real-time instructional interventions and post-lecture reflection on practices. The active window approach mitigates issues with prior data collection methods and provides an opportunity to capture complete, real-time student computer usage without the need to install spyware. Based on observing 68 first-year engineering students and 32 second-year engineering students in large engineering lectures, we generated error rates of 4.28% with a 95% confidence interval of [2.81%, 6.04%] in a structured computer use course setting and 6.89% with [4.42%, 10.17%] in a semi-structured use setting. To illustrate the type of information active window monitoring could provide, we captured active window data from 135 students every 12 seconds for an entire 75-minute lecture. The data was averaged to generate a timeline which provided insight into how students responded to the instructor's methods. This research has immediate practical implications in course design, instructional strategies, and engineering education research methods.
Modeling COVID-19 disruptions via network mapping of the Common Core Mathematics Standards
Authors: Huang Luwen , Bicol Kayla , Willcox Karen E
Published: February 2025

This paper develops a mathematical and computational modeling approach that provides a data-driven platform to address research questions relating to student pathways in K-12 education. Specifically, this paper uses scalable network modeling to create a model of the Common Core Mathematics Standards. The result is an educational map that formally represents the Standards and the relationships among them. This educational map is represented mathematically as a network model that forms the basis for computational graph analytics and visualization to identify Standards and learning pathways of interest. Using the network model, we model the disruption due to COVID-19 related school closures in Spring 2020. Analysis on the network model enables identification of propagating effects of the closures on later grades and reveals pathways with potential high vulnerability. When combined with school-specific and/or student data, this model could provide valuable analytics support to decision makers.
ANON: A Cooperative Multitasking Scheduler in Source Code for Teaching and Implementing Concurrent or Real-Time Software
Authors: Vahid Frank , Miller Bailey , Givargis Tony
Published: February 2025

Embedded systems often implement multiple concurrent tasks of varying priority through the use of a real-time operating system (RTOS). However, an RTOS may introduce overhead, complexity, and maintenance issues. For embedded system applications whose tasks don't heavily compete with one another, an alternative approach is to write the tasks to be cooperative: For each call to the task, the task runs quickly, and then returns so other tasks can execute. For such cooperative tasks, a programmer may then write their own task scheduler in the application's course code like C. However, no common approach exists, and thus embedded programmers sift through myriad online articles and examples, many of which discuss but do not provide scheduler code, provide code only for same-period cooperative tasks, or provide code that is rather complex to learn. To remedy this situation, we introduce scheduler code designed to be ultra-simple to learn and use for the most common cases of cooperative multitask applications. The scheduler code, called RIOS (Riverside/Irvine OS), is written in C but that can be implemented in languages like C++, Java, Python, Javascript, etc. RIOS can be copy-pasted directly into a project's source code, and modified as desired. Via aggressive simplification over several years, the base scheduler code has fewer than 30 lines in C. We describe the core features of RIOS. We also summarize college class experiences with 70+ students showing most students could extend RIOS for various purposes, such as an extension to enable/disable any task (100% success among students), switch tasks between two periods (98% success), add a priority field and sort by priority (94% success), and calculate utilization and jitter (65-70% success). RIOS is used by dozens of universities to teach real-time software concepts to thousands of students, and is used by hundreds of embedded systems engineers in practice.
Collaborative Senior Design Capstone at Two Geographically Separated Universities
Authors: Christopher Jason Daniel , Anderson Michael Lawrence , Feier Ioan I
Published: February 2025

As remote engineering collaboration increases in popularity due to the proliferation of networking tools and the expansion of telework opportunities resulting from the shutdowns of COVID-19, the need to study their efficacy grows. This work examines a collaboration conducted between two geographically separated universities to complete a mechanical engineering design experience. While such an experience may be rare within academic design courses, it undoubtedly reflects the reality of engineering teams in industry and government that are comprised of geographically separated teams. Three teams of students, that each included students from both schools, worked for an academic year to complete three unique capstone projects, with three different advisors. The students were provided various computer-based collaboration tools and encouraged to use them throughout. This work examines their experiences to investigate successes and potential improvements during each design phase, to include consideration of how the provided tools enabled or hindered remote collaboration. Additionally, this work surveyed project sponsors to determine how the remote collaboration teams' performance compared to previous years of collocated teams. Survey data were collected following three significant milestones during the design efforts: preliminary design review (PDR), critical design review (CDR), and the final briefing. Results show that the geographically separated teams performed equivalently to collocated teams, though they encountered challenges during the prototyping and testing design activities.
PSPICE MODEL OF A SHUNT DC MOTOR FOR TRANSIENT PERFORMANCE SIMULATION AND ITS USE IN TEACHING
Authors: Colef John-Michael , Colef Gabriel Dumitru
Published: February 2025

PSPICE is an electric circuit simulation software package. A free version of PSPICE is provided to students and professors. The library of devices used in this paper is included with this version of PSPICE. This paper introduces a complete model of the shunt DC motor for the investigation of its transient response and presents the application of the model in teaching the behavior of the shunt DC motor in an Electrical Machines course to facilitate a more thorough understanding of the topic by students. This model is introduced to students in the laboratory portion of the Electric Machines course and is used to describe the transient behavior of a practical shunt DC motor. The model uses a novel circuit which allows one to get a voltage proportional to the product of two currents in a circuit. The effects of (1) adding resistance in the field winding, (2) adding resistance in the armature winding, and (3) decreasing the load torque are investigated both separately and simultaneously using the equivalent circuit. The results are then compared with a laboratory experiment. The students were then assessed to determine how well the new circuit model improved their understanding of the behavior of the shunt DC Motor. The results of this assessment are provided in the penultimate section of this paper.
Pulsation of Catholicism in the Religious Landscape of China
Authors: Gorokhov S. A. , Agafoshin M. A. , Dmitriev R. V.
Published: February 2025

Aim. The purpose of the paper is to identify the spatial component of the development of Catholicism in China in the 14th – early 21st centuries.

Methodology. The historical and geographical analysis of the peculiarities of the development of the Roman Catholic Church within China is employed as the main method. Structural changes in the confessional space of Catholicism in the country are revealed using available statistical data for the period of the 20th–21st centuries.

Results. A conclusion is made that the pulsation of Catholicism in the religious landscape is determined by the nature of relationship between the Holy See and secular authorities of China. On the basis of the analysis of statistical sources, we identify the main structural elements of the space of Catholicism in China, i.e. five confessional regions, namely, Northern, Eastern, Southern, Central and Western.

Research implication. A scientific view on the spatial development of Catholicism in China as a result of the interaction of the globalist strategy of Catholicism and the nationally oriented policy of the country’s authorities is justified.
“What Will You Call a City...”: From Changing the Name to Changing the Urban Landscape (Based on the Material of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Kalutskov V. N.
Published: February 2025

Aim. We investigate the patterns of changes in urban landscapes in connection with the renaming of the city.

Methodology. On the basis of the geoconceptual approach and approaches of critical toponymy, the experience of renaming cities in the world is investigated. The main problematic points are identified. Use is made of the method of system analysis, as well as historical-geographical and toponymic methods.

Results. Renaming is considered as a cultural and geographical process characteristic of our time and covering almost all countries and regions. A new place name, or geoconcept, should be considered as a landscape-onomastic innovation. A geoconcept as an innovative place name has connotative meanings reflecting a new idea and revealing a new associative image of a place. Over time, as it is mastered by the local community, the geoconcept becomes a toponym, acting as a basis for the formation of a new territorial identity. In relation to the renaming of cities, we propose a model of the landscape-onomastic cycle, describing the movement of onomastic innovation from its beginning to completion. The cycle includes four phases: origin, design, formation and maturity. The model has been tested on the material of St. Petersburg. With regard to this city, the city of three renaming, we note that, unlike Petrograd, the first Petersburg and Leningrad landscape-onomastic cycles turned out to be complete: they managed to form stable identities (Petersburg and Leningrad) and are well read in the cultural landscape of the city.

Research implication. A conceptual model of the urban landscape-onomastic cycle is developed; it can be used to study the process of renaming not only cities, but also countries, as well as in the study of intra-city and regional renaming. The results of the study are of interest to specialists in cultural and social geography, teachers, students of higher education, and anyone interested in the problems of renaming geographical objects.
Determination of the Possibility of Using Artificial Soils for Growing Plants
Authors: Droganova T. S. , Sevostyanov M. A. , Mazurkevich A. A. , Davydova E. D.
Published: February 2025

Aim. To assess the applicability of soils for growing medicinal plants.Methodology. In order to identify the applicability of potting soil in the cultivation of medicinal plants, the germination of planting material, vegetation, and biochemical parameters of the grown plants were studied. Commercial soils Grunt ECO, Veltorf peat mixture, Substrates Select seed germination soil were studied as substrates, native soil of field crop rotation was taken as a control, and cress was used as an indicator plant species. The main studies were carried out on different medicinal plant cultures.Results. The possibility of using the studied soils Grunt ECO and Substrates Select for growing medicinal plants, as well as cress, is shown. When evaluating the phytoapplicability of the Veltorf peat soil, the death of some of the studied plants was noted.Research implications. The studied soils are products of industrial biotechnological processing of wastes, which determines the expediency of expanding the areas of their use. In the present study, the possibility of using soil-soil compared to native soil of field crop rotation for cultivation of medicinal plants was determined. Their composition and properties significantly depend on the initial components and fermentation technology, and their applicability for different purposes should be studied.
The Role of Coastal Wetlands in Climate Change Mitigation: a Review of Research Trends
Authors: Ryazanova N. E. , Solodunova A. A. , Arslanova A. I.
Published: February 2025

Aim. A comprehensive review of literature and scientific data and assessments of the contribution of coastal ecosystems to climate change mitigation processes.Methodology. A systematic review of information sources was conducted. Information was searched in various databases: Science Direct, Wiley, Taylor & Francis and others. The method of searching articles by keywords was used. The search for articles covered the period from 2002 to 2022 and was limited to publications in English.Results. The number of scientific publications assessing the role of coastal wetlands in climate change mitigation increased significantly 2013–2022. The publications focus on regulating and supporting ecosystem services. The promising direction of regulating blue carbon stocks, whose reserves are concentrated in mangrove forests, is highlighted.Research implications. The findings can be used for further systematic reviews, to improve economic and political management of wetlands.
Urban Settlements of the Russian-Belarusian Border Area: The Main Trends in Population Dynamics in the XXI Century
Authors: Katrovsky A. P. , Ridevsky G. V.
Published: February 2025

Aim. To identify the main trends in the population dynamics of urban settlements of the Russian-Belarusian border area in the 21st century to optimize regional policy based on the most sustainable urban centers.Methodology. Based on the data of current accounting and censuses, the dynamics of the population of cities and urban-type settlements of the border regions of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, depending on their population, administrative status and geographical location, is considered. The methods of spatial analysis were used in the work, the grouping of small urban settlements by population and the typology by functional and hierarchical significance were given.Results. It has been revealed that large urban settlements (with a population of more than 100 thousand people), regional centers, districts centers and centers of intra-regional border regions, which usually differ in significant sizes (mainly large and medium-sized cities), have an administrative status and an advantageous geographical location, are developing most steadily.Research implications. The results obtained indicate that the processes of regionalization are actively underway in the Russian-Belarusian border area. Historically formed intra-regional regions are developing as life support systems for their largest urban centers – regionopolises. Intra-regional regions can be used as a basis for optimizing regional policy in the border area of Russia and Belarus. On the basis of the accelerated development of regionopolises, it is possible to activate the development of the entire system of urban settlements of the Russian-Belarusian border area.