bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tibial Plateau Fractures among Alpine Skiers: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Williamson Tyler R. , Smith Joel N. , Swanson Britta L. , Robinson John D. , Swanson Keith R. , Swanson Kyle E.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this retrospective case series was to review the demographics of alpine skiers who sustain tibial plateau fractures, evaluate the inter-observer reliability of the Schatzker classification for fractures sustained while alpine skiing, and to evaluate patient-reported outcomes. We hypothesized that most tibial plateau fractures would be low-energy fracture patterns (Schatzker I–III) and occur in women and less-experienced skiers. Charts and radiographs of patients treated surgically for tibial plateau fractures caused by alpine skiing were evaluated. Patients treated less than two years prior to review were excluded. Patients who qualified were contacted to complete a questionnaire regarding their skiing experience, their pain levels experienced following their accident, the weather conditions during the accident, and their return to sport. Forty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 49, and 60% of the participants were male. There were 28 low-energy fracture patterns (Schatzker I–III) and 19 high-energy patterns (Schatzker IV–VI) with a 95.7% inter-observer reliability. Contrary to the hypothesis, tibial plateau fractures sustained while alpine skiing occurred in older, experienced riders. Approximately 40% were high-energy fractures. Although over 75% of patients reported having no pain or occasional pain at their final follow-ups, less than half of the patients returned to alpine skiing.
Practical Considerations for Next-Generation Adjuvant Development and Translation
Authors: Lykins William R. , Fox Christopher B.
Published: June 2023

Over the last several years, there has been increased interest from academia and the pharmaceutical/biotech industry in the development of vaccine adjuvants for new and emerging vaccine modalities. Despite this, vaccine adjuvant development still has some of the longest timelines in the pharmaceutical space, from discovery to clinical approval. The reasons for this are manyfold and range from complexities in translation from animal to human models, concerns about safety or reactogenicity, to challenges in sourcing the necessary raw materials at scale. In this review, we will describe the current state of the art for many adjuvant technologies and how they should be approached or applied in the development of new vaccine products. We postulate that there are many factors to be considered and tools to be applied earlier on in the vaccine development pipeline to improve the likelihood of clinical success. These recommendations may require a modified approach to some of the common practices in new product development but would result in more accessible and practical adjuvant-containing products.
Waveguide-Integrated Ge/Si Avalanche Photodiode with Vertical Multiplication Region for 1310 nm Detection
Authors: Yi Linkai , Liu Daoqun , Li Daimo , Zhang Peng , Tang Bo , Li Bin , Wang Wenwu , Yang Yan , Li Zhihua
Published: June 2023

Ge/Si separate absorption, charge, and multiplication avalanche photodiodes (SACM APDs) coupled with waveguides have shown significant potential as high-sensitivity, low-noise, and high-speed photodetectors for optical communications. In this study, we present a waveguide-integrated Ge/Si SACM APD fabricated on an eight-inch silicon photonics platform. The device exhibits a primary responsivity of 0.68 A/W at the unit gain voltage of 6 V for the O-band (1310 nm) wavelength, with a 10 μm-long and 1 μm-wide Ge layer. Additionally, the device demonstrates a 3 dB bandwidth of 25.7 GHz, with an input optical power of −16.8 dBm. The largest gain bandwidth product (GBP) is 247 GHz at a gain of 9.64 and a bias voltage of 15.7 V. The eye diagram is open at the bias voltage of 16 V, with a capacity to receive 28 Gbps of data. This APD shows potential for application in high-speed data transmission systems.
Enhanced Deconvolution and Denoise Method for Scattering Image Restoration
Authors: Chen Zepeng , Wu Haolin , Li Wenyong , Wang Jiahui
Published: June 2023

Light scattering is a common physical phenomenon in nature. The scattering medium will randomly change the direction of incident light propagation, making it difficult for traditional optical imaging methods to detect objects behind the scattering body. Wiener filtering deconvolution technology based on the optical memory effect has broad application prospects by virtue of its advantages, such as fast calculation speed and low cost. However, this method requires manual parameter adjustment, which is inefficient and cannot deal with the impact of real-scene noise. This paper proposes an improved Wiener filtering deconvolution method that improves the exposure dose during the speckle collection, can quickly obtain the optimal parameter during the calculation phase, and can be completed within 41.5 ms (for a 2448 × 2048 image). In addition, a neural network denoising model was proposed to address the noise issue in the deconvolution recovery results, resulting in an average improvement of 27.3% and 186.7% in PSNR and SSIM of the images, respectively. The work of this paper will play a role in achieving real-time high-quality imaging of scattering media and be helpful in studying the physical mechanisms of scattering imaging.
Design of Reflective Tunable Structural Color Metasurface Based on Guided-Mode Resonance Filter and Sb2S3
Authors: Luo Shishang , Zhang Zhenfu , He Xin , Zhang Zhaojian , Li Xin , Fu Meicheng , Yang Junbo
Published: June 2023

In recent years, dynamically tunable structural color has attracted great interest. Here, we introduce the guided-mode resonance (GMR) filter and the phase-change material Sb2S3 to design a reflective optical metasurface to produce tunable structural color, in which the combination of the GMR filter, with narrow resonant wavelength, and the Sb2S3, with a much larger bandgap and higher refractive index, helps to produce high-quality tunable structural color. The simulation results indicate that through the phase transition between the amorphous and crystalline states of Sb2S3, the proposed metasurface can generate tunable structural color that can be perceived by the naked eye. Furthermore, the metasurface can sensitively sense environmental changes through changes in structural color. This work provides a new method for realizing dynamically tunable structural color, and paves the way for the application of controllable structural color in dynamic displays, optical stealth, colorimetric sensing, and other fields.
Does Caulerpa prolifera with Its Bacterial Coating Represent a Promising Association for Seawater Phytoremediation of Diesel Hydrocarbons?
Authors: Caronni Sarah , Quaglini Lara A. , Franzetti Andrea , Gentili Rodolfo , Montagnani Chiara , Citterio Sandra
Published: June 2023

Anthropic diesel-derived contamination of Mediterranean coastal waters is of great concern. Nature-based solutions such as phytoremediation are considered promising technologies to remove contaminants from marine environments. The aim of this work was to investigate the tolerance of the Mediterranean autochthonous seaweed Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskal) Lamouroux to diesel fuel and its hydrocarbon degradation potential. Changes in C. prolifera traits, including its associated bacterial community abundance and structure, were determined by fluorescence microscopy and next-generation sequencing techniques. Thalli of C. prolifera artificially exposed to increasing concentration of diesel fuel for 30 days and thalli collected from three natural sites with different levels of seawater diesel-derived hydrocarbons were analysed. Gas chromatography was applied to determine the seaweed hydrocarbon degradation potential. Overall, in controlled conditions the lower concentration of diesel (0.01%) did not affect C. prolifera survival and growth, whereas the higher concentration (1%) resulted in high mortality and blade damages. Similarly, only natural thalli, collected at the most polluted marine site (750 mg L−1), were damaged. A higher abundance of epiphytic bacteria, with a higher relative abundance of Vibrio bacteria, was positively correlated to the health status of the seaweed as well as to its diesel-degradation ability. In conclusion, C. prolifera tolerated and degraded moderate concentrations of seawater diesel-derived compounds, especially changing the abundance and community structure of its bacterial coating. The protection and exploitation of this autochthonous natural seaweed-bacteria symbiosis represents a useful strategy to mitigate the hydrocarbon contamination in moderate polluted Mediterranean costal environments.
Fiber Orientation Quantification for Large Area Additively Manufactured Parts Using SEM Imaging
Authors: Nargis Rifat Ara , Jack David Abram
Published: June 2023

Polymer-based additively manufactured parts are increasing in popularity for industrial applications due to their ease of manufacturing and design form freedom, but their structural and thermal performances are often limited to those of the base polymer system. These limitations can be mitigated by the addition of carbon fiber reinforcements to the polymer matrix, which enhances both the structural performance and the dimensional stability during cooling. The local fiber orientation within the processed beads directly impacts the mechanical and thermal performances, and correlating the orientation to processing parameter variations would lead to better part quality. This study presents a novel approach for analyzing the spatially varying fiber orientation through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This paper presents the sample preparation procedure including SEM image acquisition and analysis methods to quantify the internal fiber orientation of additively manufactured carbon fiber-reinforced composites. Large area additively manufactured beads with 13% by weight large aspect ratio carbon fiber-reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) pellets are the feedstock used in this study. Fiber orientation is quantified using the method of ellipses (MoE), and the spatial change in fiber orientation across the deposited bead cross-section is studied as a function of process parameters including extrusion speed, raster height, and extrusion temperature zones. The results in the present paper show the results from the novel use of SEM to obtain the local fiber orientation, and results show the variation in alignment within the individual processed bead as well as an overall aligned orientation state along the direction of deposition.
Application of Perovskite Nanocrystals as Fluorescent Probes in the Detection of Agriculture- and Food-Related Hazardous Substances
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhang Jianguo , Kong Fanjun , Ye Tengling
Published: June 2023

Halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) are a new kind of luminescent material for fluorescent probes. Compared with traditional nanosized luminescent materials, PNCs have better optical properties, such as high fluorescence quantum yield, tunable band gap, low size dependence, narrow emission bandwidth, and so on. Therefore, they have broad application prospects as fluorescent probes in the detection of agriculture- and food-related hazardous substances. In this paper, the structure and basic properties of PNCs are briefly described. The water stabilization methods, such as polymer surface coating, ion doping, surface passivation, etc.; are summarized. The recent advances of PNCs such as fluorescent probes for detecting hazardous substances in the field of agricultural and food are reviewed, and the detection effect and mechanism are discussed and analyzed. Finally, the problems and solutions faced by PNCs as fluorescent probes in agriculture and food were summarized and prospected. It is expected to provide a reference for further application of PNCs as fluorescent probes in agriculture and food.
Designing Sustainable Polymer Blends: Tailoring Mechanical Properties and Degradation Behaviour in PHB/PLA/PCL Blends in a Seawater Environment
Authors: G. Engler Leonardo , Farias Naiara C. , S. Crespo Janaina , Gately Noel M. , Major Ian , Pezzoli Romina , Devine Declan M.
Published: June 2023

Biodegradable polyesters are a popular choice for both packaging and medical device manufacture owing to their ability to break down into harmless components once they have completed their function. However, commonly used polyesters such as poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and polycaprolactone (PCL), while readily available and have a relatively low price compared to other biodegradable polyesters, do not meet the degradation profiles required for many applications. As such, this study aimed to determine if the mechanical and degradation properties of biodegradable polymers could be tailored by blending different polymers. The seawater degradation mechanisms were evaluated, revealing surface erosion and bulk degradation in the blends. The extent of degradation was found to be dependent on the specific chemical composition of the polymer and the blend ratio, with degradation occurring via hydrolytic, enzymatic, oxidative, or physical pathways. PLA presents the highest tensile strength (67 MPa); the addition of PHB and PCL increased the flexibility of the samples; however, the tensile strength reduced to 25.5 and 18 MPa for the blends 30/50/20 and 50/25/25, respectively. Additionally, PCL presented weight loss of up to 10 wt.% and PHB of up to 6 wt.%; the seawater degradation in the blends occurs by bulk and surface erosion. The blending process facilitated the flexibility of the blends, enabling their use in diverse industrial applications such as medical devices and packaging. The proposed methodology produced biodegradable blends with tailored properties within a seawater environment. Additionally, further tests that fully track the biodegradation process should be put in place; incorporating compatibilizers might promote the miscibility of different polymers, improving their mechanical properties and biodegradability.
Properties of Aliphatic Ligand-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Demakov Pavel A.
Published: June 2023

Ligands with a purely aliphatic backbone are receiving rising attention in the chemistry of coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks. Such unique features inherent to the aliphatic bridges as increased conformational freedom, non-polarizable core, and low light absorption provide rare and valuable properties for their derived MOFs. Applications of such compounds in stimuli–responsive materials, gas, and vapor adsorbents with high and unusual selectivity, light-emitting, and optical materials have extensively emerged in recent years. These properties, as well as other specific features of aliphatic-based metal–organic frameworks are summarized and analyzed in this short critical review. Advanced characterization techniques, which have been applied in the reported works to obtain important data on the crystal and molecular structures, dynamics, and functionalities, are also reviewed within a general discussion. In total, 132 references are included.
Formation Features of Polymer–Metal–Carbon Ternary Electromagnetic Nanocomposites Based on Polyphenoxazine
Authors: Ozkan Sveta , Petrov Valeriy , Vasilev Andrey , Chernavskii Petr , Efimov Mikhail , Muratov Dmitriy , Pankina Galina , Karpacheva Galina
Published: June 2023

Novel ternary hybrid polyphenoxazine (PPOA)-derived nanocomposites involving Co-Fe particles and single-walled (SWCNTs) or multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes were prepared and investigated. An efficient one-pot method employing infrared (IR) heating enabled the formation of Co-Fe/CNT/PPOA nanocomposites. During this, the dehydrogenation of phenoxazine (POA) units led to the simultaneous reduction of metals by released hydrogen, yielding bimetallic Co-Fe particles with a size range from the nanoscale (5–30 nm) to the microscale (400–1400 nm). The synthesized Co-Fe/CNT/PPOA nanomaterials exhibited impressive thermal stability, demonstrating a half-weight loss at 640 °C and 563 °C in air for Co-Fe/SWCNT/PPOA and Co-Fe/MWCNT/PPOA, respectively. Although a slightly broader range of saturation magnetization values was obtained using MWCNTs, it was found that the type of carbon nanotube, whether an SWCNT (22.14–41.82 emu/g) or an MWCNT (20.93–44.33 emu/g), did not considerably affect the magnetic characteristics of the resulting nanomaterial. By contrast, saturation magnetization escalated with an increasing concentration of both cobalt and iron. These nanocomposites demonstrated a weak dependence of electrical conductivity on frequency. It is shown that the conductivity value for hybrid nanocomposites is higher compared to single-polymer materials and becomes higher with increasing CNT content.
Location and Fortune: An Exploration of the Buddhism and Daoism Roles of Geomancy in the Song Dynasty
Authors: Yu Gege , Gan Haoge , Guo Yongqin
Published: June 2023

The Song dynasty (960–1279) was the peak of fengshui development in China. During this period, fengshui books proliferated, and geomantic techniques spread rapidly. Thus, the population was generally inclined to consider the influence of architecture on the fate of individuals or families from a fengshui perspective. In addition to writing books on fengshui, many Buddhist monks and Daoist masters also practiced the location selection and spatial planning of Buddhist and Daoist temples, houses, and tombs. This paper first collates the fengshui books written by Buddhist monks and Daoists during the Song dynasty and then analyzes their spatial planning concepts according to the geomancy theory. Secondly, taking into account specific cases of Buddhist and Daoist temples, garden buildings, and residential tombs, it elaborates on the reasons and purposes behind the Buddhist monks’ and Daoists’ use of the geomancy theory. Lastly, the changes in the function of site selection in the urban landscape reflect the interaction between Buddhism, Daoism, and fengshui during the Song dynasty. An awareness of the historical origins of religious tradition is helpful in our understanding of fengshui architectural heritage in general.
Characterization Method of Damage Information Based on Heterogeneous Network
Authors: Huang Tong , Gao Qinhe , Liu Zhihao , Wang Dong , Ma Dong , Gao Lei
Published: June 2023

Damage is the main form of conflict, and the characterization of damage information is an important component of conflict evaluation. In the existing research, damage mainly refers to the damage effect of a damage load on the target structure. However, in the actual conflict environment, damage is a complex process that includes the entire process from the initial introduction of the damage load to the target function. Therefore, in this paper, the transfer logic of the damage process is analyzed, and the damage process is sequentially divided into being discovered, being attacked, being hit, and being destroyed in succession. Specifically, first considering the multiple types of each process, the transmission of damage is likened to the flow of damage, a network model to characterize damage information based on heterogeneous network meta-path and network flow theory (HF-MCDI) is established. Then, the characteristics of damage information are analyzed based on the capacity of the damage network, the correlation of the damage path, and the importance of the damage node. In addition, HF-MCDI can not only represent the complete damage information and the transmission characteristics of the damage load but also the structural characteristics of the target. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the established HF-MCDI method are fully demonstrated by the example analysis of the launch platform.
Sustainable Way to Eradicate Poverty through Social Protection: The Case of Sri Lanka
Authors: Padmakanthi N. P. Dammika
Published: June 2023

Social protection can be used as an effective policy instrument to achieve zero poverty. A considerable percentage of households in Sri Lanka are still suffering from poverty, reflecting the fact that the existing social protection system does not correctly address the heterogeneity of poverty. This study examines the outreach and impact of social protection on poverty in the context of the spatial heterogeneity of poverty. The reasons and nature of poverty are different according to the different poverty levels and spatial disparities. However, the existing social protection system does not accurately target these disparities. The outreach and impact of social protection are low since the current system does not adjust according to the inflation rate and spatial poverty lines. Hence, it is essential to reformulate the existing social protection system considering the spatial factors and different poverty categories while implementing a rigorous method to select the beneficiaries and benefits of social protection by considering inflation and district-level poverty lines.
Fast Image Block Matching for Image Detection and MPEG Encoding Based on Underlying Symmetries
Authors: Han Youngmo
Published: June 2023

Image block matching is one of the representative methods for image detection and motion compensation in MPEG. Block matching between two images is a problem of finding symmetry between two images by matching macro blocks that are symmetrical to each other in two given images. The greater the PSNR value, the greater the symmetry of the two images. In the given two images, the two macro blocks with the minimum matching error values are regarded as symmetrical to each other. The classical method of calculating the matching error function for every pixel in the entire search area and choosing the smallest of them guarantees global convergence but requires a lot of computation, especially for large intensities. For this reason, many sparse search methods have been developed to reduce the amount of computation. In this paper, we introduce a gradient descent vector optimization algorithm with guaranteed global convergence to the image block matching problem by utilizing the conceptual symmetry of the vector optimization problem, which is a continuous variable, and the image block matching problem, which is a discrete variable. By blurring the image, we transform the matching cost function closer to being unimodal so that the descent-type algorithm works well. As a result, although the proposed method is simple, it can reduce the amount of computation remarkably and has more robustness for the large displacement of image blocks compared to existing sparse search methods.
The Growing Importance of Three-Dimensional Models and Microphysiological Systems in the Assessment of Mycotoxin Toxicity
Authors: Zingales Veronica , Esposito Maria Rosaria , Torriero Noemi , Taroncher Mercedes , Cimetta Elisa , Ruiz María-José
Published: June 2023

Current investigations in the field of toxicology mostly rely on 2D cell cultures and animal models. Although well-accepted, the traditional 2D cell-culture approach has evident drawbacks and is distant from the in vivo microenvironment. To overcome these limitations, increasing efforts have been made in the development of alternative models that can better recapitulate the in vivo architecture of tissues and organs. Even though the use of 3D cultures is gaining popularity, there are still open questions on their robustness and standardization. In this review, we discuss the current spheroid culture and organ-on-a-chip techniques as well as the main conceptual and technical considerations for the correct establishment of such models. For each system, the toxicological functional assays are then discussed, highlighting their major advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Finally, a focus on the applications of 3D cell culture for mycotoxin toxicity assessments is provided. Given the known difficulties in defining the safety ranges of exposure for regulatory agency policies, we are confident that the application of alternative methods may greatly improve the overall risk assessment.
Clostridium perfringens Epsilon Toxin Binds to and Kills Primary Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Shetty Samantha V. , Mazzucco Michael R. , Winokur Paige , Haigh Sylvia V. , Rumah Kareem Rashid , Fischetti Vincent A. , Vartanian Timothy , Linden Jennifer R.
Published: June 2023

Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (ETX) is the third most lethal bacterial toxin and has been suggested to be an environmental trigger of multiple sclerosis, an immune-mediated disease of the human central nervous system. However, ETX cytotoxicity on primary human cells has not been investigated. In this article, we demonstrate that ETX preferentially binds to and kills human lymphocytes expressing increased levels of the myelin and lymphocyte protein MAL. Using flow cytometry, ETX binding was determined to be time and dose dependent and was highest for CD4+ cells, followed by CD8+ and then CD19+ cells. Similar results were seen with ETX-induced cytotoxicity. To determine if ETX preference for CD4+ cells was related to MAL expression, MAL gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR. CD4+ cells had the highest amount of Mal gene expression followed by CD8+ and CD19+ cells. These data indicate that primary human cells are susceptible to ETX and support the hypothesis that MAL is a main receptor for ETX. Interestingly, ETX bindings to human lymphocytes suggest that ETX may influence immune response in multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Profile and Pharmacological Management of Snakebites in Community Care Units: A Retrospective Study Using Two Military Hospital Databases in South Thailand
Authors: Lertsakulbunlue Sethapong , Suebtuam Ratchakarn , Eamchotchawalit Theethach , Chantkran Wittawat , Chaisakul Janeyuth
Published: June 2023

Snakebite envenoming is an occupational hazard in remote rural areas of South Thailand, where the highest incidence of snakebites is reported. In this work, a hospital-based retrospective study of snakebite patients from 2012 to 2022 at Fort Wachirawut Hospital and Fort Thepsatrisrisunthon Hospital, located in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand was conducted. Data from the laboratory investigation, physical examinations of snakebite victims, and clinical management, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, were evaluated. A total of 54 snakebite victims were included. The median age of patients was 49 years (IQR, 28 to 63). Males accounted for 74.1% of all participants. The majority of patients were bitten by Malayan pit vipers (68.5%), followed by unidentified snakes (18.5%), other non-venomous snakes (7.4%), and cobras (5.6%). The most common clinical manifestations were swelling (90.2%) and local pain (73.2%). One patient experienced respiratory failure following an envenoming by an unidentified venomous snake. No deaths were observed in this study. In total, 24 patients received antivenom administration (44.4%), most of whom were from Fort Wachirawut Hospital. Patients who were administered antivenom showed a median admission duration of three days (IQR, 3 to 4), compared with two days (IQR, one to three) for those who did not receive antivenom treatment (p < 0.001). In addition, paracetamol and prophylactic antibiotics, namely, amoxicillin-clavulanate and dicloxacillin, were the most common pharmacotherapies following snakebites. Overall, it was observed that these two community hospitals undertook appropriate clinical management under the standard guidelines for snakebite patients. This might be due to the effective emergency management, facilities, and clinical consultations. Finally, the management process in the medical teams also plays a crucial role in minimizing the severity of snakebite outcomes.
Numerical Approach to Optimize the Dynamic Behaviour of Structures Considering Structural Durability
Authors: Kaal William , Baumgartner Jörg , Budnik Maximilian , Tamm Christoph
Published: June 2023

In the design of lightweight structures, both the dynamics and durability must be taken into account. In this paper, a methodology for the combined optimization of structural dynamics, lightweight design, and lifetime with discrete vibration engineering measures is developed and discussed using a demonstration structure. A two-sided welded bending beam is excited at the centre and optimal parameters for tuned mass dampers (TMD) are searched, satisfying the requirements for the dynamic behaviour, the overall mass, and the lifetime of the weldings. It is shown that the combination of a reduced order model with the implementation of the structural stress approach at critical welds enables an efficient evaluation of certain design concepts in the time domain. Using this approach, multi-criterial optimization methods are used to identify the best set of parameters of the TMD to reduce the structural vibrations and enhance the durability.
Research on the Application of MEMS Gyroscope in Inspecting the Breakage of Urban Sewerage Pipelines
Authors: Xiao Yunlong , Meng Jinheng , Yan Hexiang , Wang Jiaying , Xin Kunlun , Tao Tao
Published: June 2023

Long-term corrosion, construction irregularities, road pressure and other reasons lead to various defects in urban sewer pipelines. Closed-circuit television (CCTV) and quick view (QV) are currently the most commonly used techniques to detect the internal state of the pipeline, but CCTV requires a large amount of capital investment and manpower costs, while QV is faced with the use of limitations and inaccurate positioning. The inspection of urban sewerage networks has long been a challenge for the relevant management authorities to overcome. To this end, in this study, an device was assembled using a six-axis MEMS gyroscope sensor as the core component to inspect and locate the breakage point of the pipe. Specifically, a six-axis MEMS gyroscope sensor is used as the core component along with a small lithium battery and a remote control switch assembled in a highly waterproof round box, and dropped into a laboratory to simulate a sewage pipe that has external water infiltration. Then the device is recovered and the SD card on which the data is stored is removed, the data is loaded to perform the coordinate conversion process and restore the trajectory and attitude of the device along its travel. The three axis axial acceleration of the device before and after passing through the infiltration point is analyzed for anomalies, as well as changes in the roll and pitch angle fluctuations of the device. Multiple experiments demonstrated that the six-axis MEMS gyro sensor response is very sensitive, generating data and storing it through the DATALOG module. With the reading and analysis of the data, when the pipeline is broken by external water intrusion, the axial acceleration value, pitch angle and roll angle of the device will change abruptly after flowing through the infiltration point, based on the analysis of these indicators the preliminary judgment of the extent of external water infiltration and locate the location of the infiltration point, potential applications of MEMS gyroscopic sensors in the field of sewerage are believed to be vast.
Prospects of the Russian ruble’s internationalization in the context of sanctions restrictions
Authors:   Russian Foreign Trade Academy of Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation (RFTA), Moscow, Kravchenko Yu. B.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the opportunities and prospects of the Russian Ruble’s internationalization in the context of sanctions restrictions. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the stages and factors of currency internationalization, it is concluded that Russia does not possess the overwhelming majority of fundamental factors for the internationalization of its national currency on a global scale. Nevertheless, there are prerequisites for strengthening the Russian ruble as a regional currency. It is found that the ruble can make a significant contribution to the expansion of the volume of settlements in national currencies under trade contracts. The directions of development of infrastructure independent of Western fi nancial centers, capable of increasing the share of settlements in national currencies, are considered. The prospects of creating a common unit of payment in the EAEU space are assessed. A model of the two-contour monetary and fi nancial system of the EAEU is proposed, its institutional framework is defined and formulated. A scheme of foreign trade settlements between counterparties from two diff erent countries is designed within the framework of this model. It is stated that the mutual off set of payments can signifi cantly reduce the needs of countries in real currency of unfriendly countries when carrying out trade exchange. As a result, the pressure on their balance of payments can be eased. Thus, the implementation of the proposed model will preserve national currencies as the main attribute of state fi nancial sovereignty and increase their stability. It can serve as an eff ective means of equalizing the relative level of regional productivity by dividing cash flows. The article concludes that in case of establishment of two-contour monetary and financial system within the framework of the EAEU, Russia will have an opportunity to become its center and increase its geoeconomic and geopolitical potential.
Labor resources indicator system management based on projected growth of horticulture market
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Lysenko Yu. V. , Lysenko M. V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Forestry University named after S. M.Kirov, St. Petersburg; Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg Branch, St. Petersburg, Belokonov Yu. V. ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Miass Branch, Miass, Rubaeva O. D. ,   South Ural State Agrarian University, Chelyabinsk
Published: June 2023

The subject of research is a complex of social relations in the horticultural industry that arise in the process of providing the rural population of the region with social support through the use of new information and communication technologies. The purpose of the work is to identify methodical tools that contribute to improving the eff ectiveness of social support to the rural population specializing in horticulture. As a result of the research, it was found that the decreasing number of labor resources specializing in horticulture in the Chelyabinsk region can be replenished by settlers from other regions and immigrants. A comprehensive assessment of the impact of demographic and economic factors on the level of employment of the rural population of the Chelyabinsk region is brought to attention. It is proposed to increase the number of labor resources of working age and the eff ectiveness of this proposal is assessed based on the diagnosis of labor resources and the level of employment of the rural population specializing in horticulture in the Chelyabinsk region, the estimation of its number. It is emphasized that labor resources in horticulture include the able-bodied rural population of working age. Therefore, labor growth requires an increase in employment through inactive rural population or increased migration. With the help of the analysis of the dynamics of employment in horticulture of the Chelyabinsk region in 2021–2022, a regression model has been developed that demonstrates a reducing trend in the share of the employed rural population in the total economically active population.
ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD DE CASAS PREFABRICADAS DE INTERÉS SOCIAL EN LA ZONA RURAL DEL CANTÓN PICHICHA DE LA PROVINCIA DE MANABÍ
Authors: Vivero Garcia Gema Patricia , García Mejía Jimmy Colón
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo aborda una de las temáticas de mayor incidencia a nivel social por su gran impacto en las condiciones socioeconómicas de las clases más pobres; la vivienda de interés social en la práctica no cumple ni de lejos con las expectativas de la ciudadanía en lo referente al número de unidades que se producen actualmente y una de las primordiales causas para que esta realidad persista es elevado costo que tiene la producción de cada unidad habitacional por lo cual el objetivo del estudio fue: Realizar un estudio de factibilidad de casas prefabricadas de interés social, a fin de disminuir el déficit habitacional en la zona rural del cantón Pichincha de la provincia de Manabí durante el año 2020. Para ello se aplicó una metodología de análisis documental, inductivo - deductivo, cuantitativo, cualitativo y comparativo con ello se pudo identificar plenamente que la población encuestada presenta un alto grado de aceptación para viviendas realizadas a base de materiales prefabricados más específicamente realizadas a base de paneles tipo sándwich; mientras que a través del desarrollo del presupuesto así como de los planos se evidencia la gran ventaja en el aspecto económico de la vivienda realizadas con prefabricados que aquella casa realizada con materiales convencionales a base se cemento y hierro.
Análisis hidrológico en vías de áreas protegidas: diagnóstico del acceso a la Reserva Ecológica Manglares Churute Análisis del Plan Nacional de Eficiencia Energética en el Ecuador
Authors: Orellana Gutièrrez Edgar Daniel
Published: June 2023

Este estudio plantea el análisis hidrológico superficial del caso de la vía de acceso a la Reserva Ecológica Manglares Churute, en un tramo del río del mismo nombre que cruza la vía y que consiste en el principal cuerpo de agua del sector. Esta área protegida es la que ha presentado datos de máxima precipitación en la región costa (INAMHI, 2001), su vía de acceso fue diseñada por el MTOP siguiendo sus normas en el año 2013. Se propone una comparación entre los periodos de retorno con los cuales fue diseñada esta vía frente a la máxima precipitación extraordinaria que se tiene registro, corroborando este diseño con los datos de lluvia de este evento y contrastando de esa manera su diseño hidráulico con la ayuda del software Hec Ras identificando un posible sobre dimensionamiento debido a que para los análisis de períodos de retorno sobrepasan la periodicidad con la que se presentan los fenómenos de máxima precipitación.
High- performance manufacturing with trochoidal milling strategies
Authors: Orellana Mario , Culqui Borys
Published: June 2023

Along with technological progress, manufacturing processes have been constantly innovated, hoping to reduce manufacturing time, extend the useful life of tools and offer high quality finishes of the product, however, information on the product is scarce. Machined in 7075 - T6 aluminum, which, due to its mechanical properties, is more used for the manufacture of molds and dies than other materials. In this project, a high-performance machining is studied, improving cycle times by comparing trochoidal and conventional milling roughing strategies, without the use of coolants that can contaminate the chip allowing the recycling of material, these strategies are found in a large part of CAM software. The experimentation was carried out in a Hision CFV 1100 vertical machining center with Fanuc Oi MF control, supported by the Taguchi L18 methodology for the milling parameters and roughing strategy. 9 tests were carried out for each strategy with a 25 mm flat cutting tool with 4 high speed steel (HSS) lips based on the 3 levels of the milling parameters, in the range of 800 m / min to 1000 m / min, with a feed per tooth of 0.25 to 0.35 mm / tooth. The results obtained for both time and temperature have a behavior described by Mr. Salomón for high-speed machining (HSM), an ANOVA statistical analysis was carried out that determined that the trochoidal machining strategy presents a reduction in the 93.27% compared to the conventional machining strategy and a stable temperature of 25ºC in the cutting tool.
Management of urinary tract infections in the community: a clinical audit and patient survey
Authors: Fisher Stacey Jayne , Graham Clive , Kennard James , Jonker Leon
Published: June 2023

Background

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common ailment but can develop into sepsis. The outcomes related to UTI may potentially be affected by both patient and clinician management of UTI.

Aim

To explore the circumstances around a single UTI episode to determine whether there are patient and clinician-related variables that may contribute to differences in management.

Design & setting

Survey and clinical audit in 12 general practices in England.

Method

Patients (n= 504) completed a bespoke survey and their corresponding index UTI consultation was audited. The TARGET (Treat Antibiotics Responsibly, Guidance, Education and Tools) UTI audit toolkit was utilised.

Results

A significantly higher proportion of females compared with males used self-management measures. Increase in fluid intake was 78% for females aged <65 years and 71% for females aged >65 years compared with 53% for males (P<0.001, Χ2test). Analgesic use was 50% for females aged <65 years and 41% for females aged >65 years compared with 36% for males (P= 0.036, Χ2test). Males also indicated they lacked UTI knowledge when compared with females (P= 0.002, Kruskal-Wallis test). Males also claimed to have waited significantly longer for a consultation appointment (P= 0.027, Χ2test). Antibiotics were prescribed in 98% of all cases, with adherence to clinical diagnostic guidelines lowest in females aged <65 years. Only 40% (89/221 of cases in this guideline sub-cohort [females aged >65 years]) would have been a UTI, according to TARGET criteria, following a medical record audit.

Conclusion

UTI symptom management by clinicians is suboptimal; the presence or absence of symptoms is often insufficiently recorded in medical records. Additionally, suboptimal adherence to guidelines concerning urinalysis and microbiological investigation is common. Known increased clinical risks for males may be compounded by their more limited knowledge of (self)-managing UTI and their comparatively late presentation.
Strong asymptotics of extremal polynomials on the segment in the presence of denumerable set of mass points
Authors: Khaldi Rabah , Boucenna Ahcene
Published: June 2023

The strong asymptotics of the monic extremal polynomials with respect to a \(L_{p}(\sigma )\) norm are studied. The measure \(\sigma \) is concentrated on the segment \([-1,1]\) plus a denumerable set of mass points which accumulate at the boundary points of \([-1,1]\) only. Under the assumptions that the mass points satisfy Blaschke's condition and that the absolutely continuous part of \(\sigma \) satisfies Szeg?'s condition.
Desafíos del profesorado para mediar y evaluar el aprendizaje: experiencias post pandemia
Authors: Meléndez Grijalva Perla , Avilés Domínguez Imelda Denisse , Gill Langarica Oscar Manuel
Published: June 2023

Se necesita un profesorado que se convierta en mediador de aprendizajes y considere la realidad del estudiantado para planificar sus clases. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los elementos que considera el profesorado de básica para mediar y evaluar los aprendizajes de sus estudiantes tras el regreso a clases presenciales, así como los desafíos que enfrentan ante la nueva normalidad. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo con método fenomenológico y se aplicó un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas a 48 docentes. Los resultados mostraron que en la mediación se prioriza la atención socioemocional y motivacional y se consideran las experiencias del estudiantado en el confinamiento, pero hay ausencia de procesos metacognitivos; respecto a la evaluación formativa. Se concluyó que, los desafíos más significativos se refieren a ajustes en objetivos y contenidos establecidos en el plan de estudios a fin de tener una evaluación pertinente a las condiciones del estudiante.
ZOOM LEARNING MEDIA RELATIONSHIP AND INTEREST IN LEARNING WITH LEARNING OUTCOMES CIVICS
Authors: Prasetyo Pardan , Abidin Zainal
Published: June 2023

This study aims: 1) To find out  the relationship between Zoom learning media and Civics learning outcomes. 2) To determine the relationship between students' interest in learning with Civics learning outcomes. 3) To determine the relationship between Zoom learning media and students' interest in learning and Civics learning outcomes. This study uses survey methods and correlational techniques. The target population reached in this study were all students of class IX in CIVICS at SMPN 1 Tajurhalang, a total of 371 students. Data retrieval using the instrument of learning outcomes for Civics subjects and questionnaires for learning media zoom and interest in learning. The data analysis technique used descriptive and inferential analysis.Based on the results of the analysis using descriptive statistics at SMPN 1 Tajurhalang, the average value was 83.8 for civics learning outcomes, 78.3 for Zoom learning media, and 80.88 for interest in learning. The analysis of simple regression analysis and correlation with the ANOVA test obtained that the media correlation coefficient (rxy) = 0.137 indicates that the relationship between X1 and Y has a strong relationship level. Then the correlation coefficient (rxy) = 0.355 indicates that the relationship between X2 and Y has a strong level of relationship. The study results show that 1) There is a positive relationship between Zoom learning media and civics learning outcomes. 2) There is a positive relationship between interest in learning and learning outcomes of Civics. 3) There is a positive relationship between Zoom learning media and interest in learning and Civics learning outcomes
IMPLEMENTASI PENGGUNAAN BIG DATA DALAM MENGANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA SISWA DALAM HASIL UJIAN
Authors: Widiasanti Irika , Adelia Jessica Triuli , Rosidin Luthfia , Viola Maria Felicita , Daniarista Meyra
Published: June 2023

The development of technology in education is increasing. One technology that is often used in education is big data. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence student performance in test scores. Big Data is a collection of very large and complex data that can be analyzed to reveal useful patterns. In this research, qualitative analysis methods are used to collect and analyze data from various sources, including national and international journals, academic publications, reports, and books. Data processing was conducted using the Kaggle Dataset with a data sample of 1000 students who have taken various exams. This research utilizes Big Data in predicting student performance based on parents' educational background, exam preparation courses, and students' lunch portion. The results show that the factor that affects student performance in exam scores is the student's lunch portion. The number of scores of female students with the appropriate meal portion on the Math, Reading, and Writing exams reached 22.413, 24.875, 24.890. The scores of male students with appropriate lunch portions on the Math, Reading, and Writing exams were 22.759, 21.342, and 20.701. Therefore, the conclusion of this research is that appropriate lunch portions play a crucial role in enhancing students' performance in exam results.