bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF THYROID LESIONS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH BIOCHEMICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS-STUDY 100 CASES
Authors: SUKHPAL KAUR  , NINDER KUMAR  , HARPAL SINGH
Published: September 2023

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the correlation of histopathological findings of thyroid lesions and establish its correlation with biochemical and radiological findings.
Methods: The present study was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital Patiala, Punjab. 100 cases were included in the present study.
Results: Out of 100 cases studied, 87 cases were euthyroid, 8 were hypothyroid, and 5 were hyperthyroid. On USG, 50 thyroid lesions were mixed echoic, 26 were isoechoic, 10 were hyperechoic, and 14 were hypoechoic. Majority of hypoechoic lesions were diagnosed as malignant histopathologically.
Conclusion: Histopathology is gold standard. Combined opinion on the nature of a thyroid lesion should be done based on clinical findings, ultrasound findings.
PREVALENCE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AMONG FEMALES OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: PRASAD RAO M  , SREEDEVI K  , SRIKANTH A  , DIVYA DHARSHINI B
Published: September 2023

Objective: The purpose of the current study is to isolate, characterize, and evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in females of reproductive age.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in a Tertiary care teaching hospital for 1 year. A total of 100 urine samples from female patients in the reproductive age range of 15–44 years constitute the study’s sample size. Clean catch midstream urine samples were taken in sterile containers and inoculated on a different culture medium, such as cysteine, lactose, and electrolyte-deficient agar, to isolate the UTI pathogen. MacConkey agar was inoculated in parallel to target the growth of Gram-negative bacilli. Thereafter, using the common microbiological procedures, all positive cultures with significant bacteriuria were identified at the species level based on the colony features, Gram-staining reaction, and pattern of biochemical profiles. To investigate the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility, the disc diffusion method was used.
Results: Among the 100 study cases, the prevalence of UTI was seen in 38% of individuals and UTI was absent in 62% of individuals. Among the females (38% cases) who had UTI, 81% had symptomatic UTI and 19% had asymptomatic UTI. Among the 81% symptomatic individuals of UTI, all they showed burning micturition followed by 74% of individuals showed dysuria Among the uropathogens isolated, majority were Escherichia coli (40.7%) followed by CONS (22.3%) Majority of the E. coli isolates showed sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam and nitrofurantoin.
Conclusion: If left untreated, UTI is a significant public health issue. Early detection and timely treatment will lower the risk of developing further UTI complications, as well as the patient’s pain, length of stay in the hospital, and economic loss.
A CORRELATION BETWEEN INTRAVESICLE PROSTATIC PROTRUSION AND PROSTATE VOLUME IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE URINARY RETENTION – A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: GAURAV BAJPAI  , SAHIL GAMBHIR  , BHERU SINGH HARIYAWAT
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of significant intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) in patients presenting with acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia and to study the correlation between IPP and prostatic volume.
 Methods: Forty men between 45 and 85 years of age, who presented with AUR. Initial assessment included detailed clinical history, International Prostate Symptom Score, and Quality of Life assessments, and a transabdominal ultrasonogram to measure Prostate Volume (PV) and IPP. IPP is measured by drawing a line corresponding to bladder base on a sagittal view and perpendicularly measuring the distance from the bladder base to the greatest protrusion of the prostate into the bladder. Patients with IPP >10 mm were taken to have significant IPP and those ≤10 mm were taken to be insignificant. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Of the 40 patients in our study with resented with AUR, 21 patients (52.5%) had significant IPP. Mean IPP was 11.3 mm with a standard deviation of 5.49 mm. All patients with significant IPP had a severe IPPS grade. IPP had a statistically significant correlation with PV.
Conclusion: The IPP assessed by transabdominal ultrasound can be used to direct appropriate patients to more aggressive treatment strategies like surgery.
PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LEVETIRACETAM AS ADD-ON DRUG TO EITHER PHENYTOIN OR SODIUM VALPROATE IN PATIENTS OF GENERALIZED ONSET TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES HAVING BREAKTHROUGH SEIZURES: A RANDOMIZED AND COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: SAROJ KOTHARI  , VINEET CHATURVEDI  , AJAY GUPTA  , DINESH UDAINIYA
Published: September 2023

Objective: Breakthrough seizures are sudden and unexpected seizures that occur in people with epilepsy who generally have good control over the symptoms. The present study is aimed to compare phenytoin plus levetiracetam versus sodium valproate plus levetiracetam to control breakthrough seizures.
Methods: A prospective, comparative study was carried out in Generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) patients with breakthrough seizures in Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.) from February 2021 to August 2022. Participants were randomly allocated to 2 groups, namely phenytoin + levetiracetam (PL) (n=62) and sodium valproate + levetiracetam (SL) (n=61). Patients in group PL received phenytoin at the dose of 200 mg twice a day in adults, 5 mg/kg/day in two divided doses in children plus levetiracetam 500 mg twice a day in adults and 30 mg/kg/day in three divided doses in children. Patients in group SL received sodium valproate 600 mg 3 times a day in adults, 30 mg/kg/day in three divided doses in children plus levetiracetam 500 mg twice a day in adults and 30 mg/kg/day in three divided doses in children. The mean reduction in seizure frequency and patients response to the treatment in the last 30 days were recorded before the start of therapy and at 3 and 6 months after therapy. Adverse drug reactions were recorded during the study period. Statistical analysis was performed using (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software.
Results: Mean seizure frequency decreased by 59 and 85% in PL and by 59 and 91% in the SL group and is significant (p<0.05) from baseline value at 3 and 6 months, respectively, in both the groups. SL group showed significantly (p<0.05) better response, than PL group in controlling seizures at 6 months. Excellent response by patients was seen by 21% and 49% in PL and SL groups, respectively. Adverse effects noted during the study were mild, including somnolence, headache, dizziness, GIT stress, and fatigue, and responded to symptomatic treatment. Twenty-nine (29%) of PL cases and 6% of SL cases underwent fatigue as adverse drug reactions that showed better tolerability of the SL group.
Conclusion: Sodium valproate plus levetiracetam is more efficacious and safer than phenytoin plus levetiracetam in the management of breakthrough seizures in GTCS patients.
TO STUDY THE CLINICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF COVID-19 PEDIATRIC PATIENTS (UP TO 18 YEARS) IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN
Authors: AGARWAL SHEJAL , PARMAR SHALIN , MARWAH PRIYA , KAKKAR MUNISH KUMAR , GUPTA JITENDRA KUMAR , ABHISHEK KUMAR SHARMA
Published: September 2023

Objective: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection has quickly developed into a global pandemic. According to the available evidence, children appear to be less likely to be afflicted and the condition may be less severe, but things could change. Rapid deterioration and enhancements in the physiologic state are a hallmark of the pediatric community. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim to study the demographic and clinical parameters of pediatric COVID patients.
Methods: This hospital-based prospective and retrospective study was conducted during April 1st, 2020–July 2022 at the COVID ward and outpatient department, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur. We included 276 children up to 18 years suffering from COVID-19 infection. We collected data of our study population from medical records and filled up the predesigned pro forma for admitted patients. Admitted children were classified as, per ICMR guidelines as: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe variety. Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS software.
Results: Highest percentage of cases 48.39% in the age group 12–18 years, were followed by 31.45% in the 7–12-year-old age group. About 13.04% of patients were asymptomatic, whereas the remaining cases were symptomatic, with severity levels of mild 49.28%, moderate 26.81%, and severe 10.87%. Fever was the most prevalent symptom 69.2%, cough at 43.84%, throat ache 18.12%, breathing difficulties 15.22%, headache 2.54%.
Conclusion: In the present study, we concluded that during the third wave of the pandemic, most children had symptomatic illnesses, but recovery was fast among non-hospitalized children. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was more common in elderly children.
CYTOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF LIVER MASS LESION
Authors: SARITA PARIHAR  , SHARDA DAWAN  , RAJESH KUMAR  , MAMTA GARG
Published: September 2023

Objective: The objective of the study is to categorize and establish the various cytological patterns of liver lesions.
Methods: The present study was a hospital-based both retrospective and prospective study, on 504 patients with liver space-occupying lesions (SOLs) as USG/CT-guided fine needle aspiration cytology or biopsy was done and the smears or tissue was sent to the Department of Pathology, for 5 years between January 2018 and December 2022. Investigations done before the procedure was platelet count and plasma prothrombin time to know patients with bleeding tendencies. Under ultrasonography guidance, fine needle aspiration was performed on patients diagnosed for nodular or diffuse lesions of the liver.
Results: Mean age of the study population was 58.53±12.62 years, 60.32% were male, 87.30% were Hindu, and 68.45% were rural. The most common complaint was pain abdomen 384 (76.19%) followed by jaundice 70 (13.89%). About 95.44% were neoplastic nature out of which 98.96% were malignant, out of which 83.61% were secondary. Out of 64 primary neoplastic lesions, maximum 98.44% were hepatocellular carcinoma. Out of 398 secondary neoplastic lesions, maximum 87.69% were metastatic carcinoma.
Conclusion: We concluded that in any SOL, the screening of the liver is essential for early detection and long survival of cases.
SYMPTOMATOLOGY FOLLOWING COVID-19 VACCINATION – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: VIBHA ARJARIA  , DEEPIKA BADKUR  , VIKAS PANDEY
Published: September 2023

Objective: A successful COVID-19 vaccine should survive the safety, efficacy, and potency testing phases without causing any negative side effects, especially in high-risk individuals, such as the elderly, pregnant women, people with comorbidities, health-care workers, and others. The present study was conducted to determine common symptoms following the COVID-19 vaccine, the intensity of symptoms after the first and second doses, and estimate the prevalence of acquiring COVID-19 infection after getting vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area, including 445 participants from 19 villages. The statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel, and the data were represented in frequency and graphs.
Results: In the present study, the maximum (74%) of participants were Covishield recipients. The top three symptoms experienced after the first dose were headache (189), fever (130), and pain in the arm at which the vaccine was given (77). After the second dose, the top three symptoms were fever (281), headache (137), and fatigue (73). The top three psychosomatic symptoms were increased sleep (162), decreased sleep (122), and the third ranker was anxiety (93). More participants reported having severe symptoms after the first dose than after the second. Three percent of research participants contracted COVID-19 infection after the first dose, and 2% after the second.
Conclusion: Fever and headache were common symptoms after the first and second doses, but symptoms were more severe after administration of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Following vaccination, COVID-19 infection was extremely rare among participants.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FRICTION MASSAGE AND CONTRAST BATH VERSUS STRETCHING EXERCISE AND CONTRAST BATH IN PATIENTS WITH PLANTAR HEEL PAIN
Authors: VINITHA P  , SAI SURYA PRAKASH
Published: September 2023

Objective: The main objective of this study is to analyze the synergistic effect of friction massage and stretching exercise with contrast bath in a patient with plantar heel pain.
Methods: The procedure to perform friction massage and stretching exercises was performed among 30 patients each separately. Further, all were subjected to a contrast bath for a maximum of 20 min thereby 3 min for warm and 1 min for cold and this procedure was repeated 5 times.
Results: As a result, comparing with friction massage and contrast bath, stretching exercise and contrast bath were effective and the patients felt reduced pain while following the course completely.
Conclusion: By this effective therapeutic intervention, the patients felt satisfaction in reducing pain thereby their activities of daily living improved with self-management.
PRESCRIPTION PATTERN IN COVID-19 PATIENTS ADMITTED TO A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN KERALA
Authors: SUSAN JOSEPH  , SAINATHAN R
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to analyze the prescribing pattern in COVID-19 patients and to identify the most commonly prescribed drugs and their routes.
Methods: A hospital-based retrospective observational study was conducted based on data of COVID-19 positive patients admitted over a period of 6 months, from May 1, 2020, to October 31, 2020. Relevant data were collected from medical records library.
Results: The prescriptions of 1223 COVID-19 positive patients were analyzed. Among them 63.7% were men (n=780). The mean age was 46.5 years. 49.9% (n=611) of our patients were mild cases, categorized as category A. 41.2% (n=505) were category B, and 8.7% came under the severe disease category C. Duration of hospital stay of the patients ranged from 1 to 44 days with a mean duration of 9 days. The most prescribed medication was paracetamol which was prescribed to 55% (n=679) of patients. From the 488 (39.9%) patients who received some antibiotic, the most frequently prescribed was azithromycin (80.1%) followed by ceftriaxone (17.2%) and cefotaxime (3.07%). 18.5% of patients were prescribed anticoagulants, the most common being LMWH-enoxaparin. 17.9% of patients received some systemic corticosteroids. Antivirals prescribed were favipiravir (7.4%), oseltamivir (4.7%), and 0.8% remdesivir.
Conclusion: Different drugs belonging to different groups have been prescribed, for symptomatic treatment of disease and its complications as a single effective drug has not been discovered. Almost all the drugs prescribed were generic drugs and were from the Essential List of Medicines-2015.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARDS E-LEARNING AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS IN GAUHATI MEDICAL COLLEGE, GUWAHATI, ASSAM – A PILOT STUDY
Authors: MITRA BHATTACHARYYA  , PRAN PRATIM SAIKIA  , S RENUKA SINGH  , DWIPEN KHANIKAR  , LAKHIMI BORAH  , DIPTIMAYEE DEVI
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The objective is to conduct a pilot study to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of e-learning among undergraduate medical students.
Methods: An observational, questionnaire-based, and cross-sectional pilot study was carried out for 1 month among undergraduate medical students of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (13 from each phase of MBBS). We compared the responses of KAP among the participants of each phase of MBBS.
Results: A total of 52 undergraduate medical students participated in the study. 43 (82.69%) were male and 9 (17.31%) were female with a mean age of 21.63±1.63. 18 (34.62%) owned a personal laptop or computer and 45 (86.54%) of them had access to Internet facility. Majority of them i.e. 48 (92.31%) used only smartphones and were competent in using software applications. Most of them agreed that e-learning should be supplemented in regular teaching curriculum (76.92%). Statistical analysis was done by using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc test (Tukey), to know the mean KAP score of e-learning among the participants of three phases of MBBS and also the significance of KAP towards e-learning. It showed that p value was significant in case of knowledge and practice but not in case of attitude.
Conclusion: The results that were found in each category of KAP toward e-learning were almost comparable to other studies which were conducted using a structured and validated questionnaire. Thus e-learning can be a useful tool in enhancing the learning experience among students.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AXIAL RELEASE AND SUSTAINED MOBILIZATION ON SHOULDER ELEVATION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS – A PROSPECTIVE AND COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: SUNIL G HARSULKAR  , KARISHMA KAPUR  , SACHIN SHETTI  , SURYAVANSHI TEJAS V
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the comparative effectiveness of axial release and sustained mobilization on shoulder elevation in individuals with adhesive capsulitis.
Methods: The present study recruited total 30 participants diagnosed as adhesive capsulitis as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were allocated into Group A and Group B according to convenient sampling. Participants in Group A were treated with conventional physiotherapy, axial release, and sustained mobilization technique and Group B received Maitland mobilization with conventional physiotherapy. The interventions were given for 4 weeks, 3 sessions/week for 30 min. The outcome measures used in the study were numerical pain rating scale, shoulder pain and disability index, and universal goniometer which was assessed before the intervention immediately after the first session and at 2nd week and on completion of 4th week.
Results: When the data statically analyzed intragroup group comparisons found to be significantly reduced in terms of pain and shoulder pain and disability index and improvement in Shoulder range of motion (p<0.05). Intergroup comparisons also showed significant difference in both the groups, but the results were more significant in Group A (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Both interventions in the form of articular and soft-tissue mobilization should be incorporated in the management of adhesive capsulitis.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN INTRATHECAL NALBUPHINE AND DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS ADJUVANTS TO HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE FOR LOWER LIMB ORTHOPEDIC SURGERIES
Authors: GEETANJALI SINGHAL  , ARUN KUMAR SAXENA  , GAGAN BHARADWAJ
Published: September 2023

Objective: Sub arachnoid block is a reasonably safe and simple technique of regional anesthesia. This randomized double-blind study was conducted to compare the efficacy of intrathecal nalbuphine and Dexmedetomidine as adjuvant with hyperbaric bupivacaine for lower limb orthopedic surgeries.
 Methods: Sixty adult patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2 who were scheduled for elective lower limb orthopedic surgeries were divided into two groups, D and N, of 30 each. Group D patients received dexmedetomidine 4 mcg and Group N received nalbuphine 2 mg as adjuvant along with bupivacaine heavy 0.5% (3 mL) intrathecally. Sensory and motor block characteristics and time to first rescue analgesic (intravenous tramadol 100 mg) were the primary end points and drug-related side effects such as pruritis, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression were taken as secondary end points. Subsequently, data were entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and Statistical Package for the Social Science software version 22 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: All 60 patients showed adequate block. The onset of sensory and motor block was statistically comparable in both groups. The duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia were markedly extended in dexmedetomidine group patients. There were no significant intraoperative or post-operative side-effects in both group of patients.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine (4 mcg) increases the sensory and motor block duration and duration of post-operative analgesia significantly more than nalbuphine (2 mg), when administered intrathecally as an adjuvant to bupivacaine (15 mg).
ROLE OF DOPPLER ULTRASOUND AT 13 WEEKS GESTATION IN PREDICTION OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA
Authors: DEEPAK RAMNANI  , HARI RAM  , CHANDRA PRAKASH AHIRWAR  , SHIKHA KRISHNANI
Published: September 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the role of Doppler ultrasound (USG) at 13-week gestation in the prediction of pre-eclampsia (PE) and to assess the mean pulsatility index (PI) in uterine arteries at 13-week Doppler ultrasonography for the early prediction of PE.
Methods: This was a observational prospective cohort study in which all the pregnant females at 12–14 weeks gestation were subjected to Doppler waveform analysis on color Doppler USG machines. Obstetric parameters of fetal biometry, mean PI (using the TVS method), and percentiles were calculated using fetal medicine foundation proforma. Reports were categorized as high risk or low risk for the development of PE. Routine USG follow-up scanning was done at 18–20 weeks (Anomaly scan) 24–28 weeks (Growth scan) and 34–36 weeks (Doppler scan) for the development of PE and intrauterine growth restriction. Development or absence of PE was noted.
Results: Four hundred antenatal patients were included in the study. The maximum number of patients was in the age group 21–30 years (75.50%). No significant difference in the occurrence of PE in different age groups was found in our study. The incidence of PE was 3.33% (1 out of 30) in patients who developed PE at a later stage. Similar incidence of hypertension was 10% (three out of 30), smoking, and diabetes in 2 and 3 each. The mean uterine artery PI level at 12–14 weeks was 3.11±0.12 in patients who developed PE. In our study, 24 (80%) high-risk (>1:150) and 10 (33.33%) low-risk (≤1:150) patients developed PE. Out of 30, 4 (13.33%) had Apgar 0–3, 6 (20%) had Apgar 4–6, and 20 (66.67%) had Apgar 7–10 in patients who developed PE.
Conclusion: High mean uterine artery PI between 12 and 14 weeks gestation is a good predictor of PE and can be used as an effective screening tool. Diastolic notch in the uterine artery and combination of uterine artery Doppler parameters is better in the prediction of PE.
DIAGNOSTIC YIELD OF ADA IN TUBERCULAR PLEURAL EFFUSION
Authors: GOPAL KRUSHNA SAHU  , MANORANJAN DASH  , BIBHU PRASAD BEHERA
Published: September 2023

Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common causes of pleural effusion in developing countries like India encountered by medical professionals globally. The present study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic yield of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) in tubercular pleural effusion.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Pulmonary Medicine, Saheed Laxman Naik Medical College and Hospital from January 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. All patients >15 years of age with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion and pleural effusion associated with smear/CBNAAT-positive pulmonary TB patients, who attended the department during the study period, were included in the study. A case was taken as tuberculous employing defined criteria. Patients with transudative effusions, post-traumatic effusions, pregnant and lactating women, and persons on drugs that affect ADA activity like interferon alpha, deoxycoformycin, ribavirin, and viramidine were excluded from the study.
Results: The mean ADA value was 93.93±44.63 IU/L among the cases with tuberculous effusion and 56.36±62.81 IU/L in the non-tuberculous effusion group. At a cutoff value of 50.7 IU/L, pleural fluid ADA showed a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 74% in diagnosing TB etiology.
Conclusion: The mean ADA values were significantly higher in tuberculous pleural effusions when compared to the non-tuberculous group. When this was combined with pleural fluid lymphocyte dominancy, the specificity increased to 96%. Pleural fluid ADA values have a strong association with age. ADA estimation is a simple, cost-efficient, and diagnostically helpful investigation with high reliability.
COMPARISON OF THE MATERNAL, FETAL, AND NEONATAL OUTCOME OF ELECTIVE AND EMERGENCY CESAREAN SECTION AT A TERTIARY CENTER
Authors: JYOTI SAINI  , SAWAI SINGH LORA  , DEEPIKA
Published: September 2023

Objective: Cesarean section is one of the most performed surgical procedures in the world and it carries high morbidity and mortality in comparison to vaginal delivery. The present study was conducted for evaluating the maternal and neonatal outcomes and complications in pregnant women who underwent elective versus emergency cesarean section so that appropriate measures can be taken to decrease morbidity and mortality soon.
 Methods: Cross-sectional comparative hospital-based study carried out at Zanana Hospital Jaipur from January 2022 to December 2022. There were 400 patients enrolled in the study 200 in elective and 200 in emergency cesareans selected randomly. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee and informed consent was taken from the patients
 Results: The emergency cesarean section was significantly more as compared to an elective cesarean section in women in the age group 19–25 years and >35 years. Most of the cesarean sections in multipara were elective as compared to the relatively more emergency cesarean sections in nullipara. It was observed that 26.5% (52/200) of women had fetal complications. Out of them, 92.4% of underwent emergency cesarean section. About 65.5% (131/200) of participants had intra-operative complications. Out of these 62.5% (82/131) had adhesions, 17.5% (23/131) had difficult extraction, and 18.3% (24/131) had postpartum hemorrhage. Out of them, 83.3%% (20/24) occurred during emergency cesarean as compared to 16.7% (4/24) in elective cesarean.
 Conclusions: Maternal and fetal complications were significantly higher in the emergency cesarean section as compared to the elective cesarean section group.
Review Paper on Renewable Energy
Authors: Singh Neetu
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This paper provides a broad overview of a variety of renewable energy sources and their associated benefits. It emphasizes the critical role of renewable energy in addressing the challenges posed by climate change and the urgent necessity to transition towards more sustainable energy frameworks. Furthermore, the paper explores the technological advancements that have facilitated the seamless integration of renewable energy into contemporary energy systems. Ultimately, the paper underscores the potential opportunities and limitations inherent in renewable energy resources, emphasizing their central role in shaping the trajectory of the global energy landscape
Exploration Of Village Government Taxpayer Compliance
Authors: Febriyanto Moh. , Faisol Moh.
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The Aims of this reseach to explore the tax compliance of HDD Village government using a qualitative approach. Methodology/approach: Researchers used the case study method and conducted in-depth interviews with three informants about HDD village tax compliance and perfected it by observing and documenting. The research data is then analyzed by starting the process of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions and ending with data validity testing using trianguation of methods and sources. Findings: The results of this study show that tax compliance carried out by HDD Village to comply with the fulfillment of obligations to have an NPWP, tax collection/withholding, tax payment, and tax reporting has been carried out properly. However, specifically for the 2020 and 2021 tax years, it has not been optimal, due to the Covid-19 pandemic which focuses on using the budget for Covid-19 mitigation so that the village government has not collected/withheld/collected taxes on taxes owed. Practical implications: The implication of this research is that the ignorance of village officials on tax obligations is one indication of fulfilling tax compliance. Therefore, it is important for the directorate general of taxes intensely to socialize and assist village officials in fulfilling tax obligations and will automatically improve tax compliance. Originality/value: The research results show that the tax collection and withholding process that has been carried out by HDD Village, the tax burden withheld by HDD Village and should be paid by the goods/services provider (Shop or Service Provider) is fully borne by HDD Village.
DESIGUALDADE E SAÚDE DURANTE A COVID-19 NO BRASIL: uma análise sobre o uso de medicamentos nos dois primeiros anos da pandemia
Authors: Queiroz Diego da Silva Guimarães , Tavares Caio dos Santo
Published: September 2023

This article seeks to discuss the defense of the use of drugs against COVID-19 in Brazil by former president Jair Messias Bolsonaro. The research focuses on the first two years of the pandemic, the data collected were the official speeches of the former president on the defense of the use of medicines during the first two years of infection of the disease in Brazil, we consider the defense of the use of medications during that period by the former president as an orchestrated strategy for political gain in the eyes of the population. We use discourse analysis to understand Bolsonaro's speeches with the help of Social Studies of Science and Technology and Achille Mbembe's concept of necropolitics.
Periodontal Tissue Engineering: A Literature Review
Authors: Salian Dr. Shrishti , V. Dhadse Dr. Prasad , Patil Dr Ruchita
Published: September 2023

Periodontal regeneration is the formation of new cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone followingperiodontal surgery. It is widely believed that tissues formed during regeneration are more resistant to deterioration than thosegained when healing occurs through repair, which is why regeneration is so important. The two main goals of periodontal therapyare controlling the infection and rebuilding the architecture and function of periodontal tissues. Due to the periodontium's highlyhierarchical organization, which calls for a highly coordinated spatiotemporal healing response to enable regeneration, theregeneration of the periodontal apparatus with the formation of the bone-PDL-cementum complex at the same time continues topresent challenges. The final goal of periodontal therapy for tissues destroyed by periodontal diseases is the regeneration of theattachment apparatus, composed of the development of new alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. With a clearunderstanding of the periodontal disease process, the regeneration of the periodontium is one of the major goals of periodontaltherapy. This review is an update on the current tissue engineering knowledge as a possible periodontal regeneration technique.
Case Study On Successful Management of Complicated Fistula in Ano with CKD and Septic Shock Through Integrated Surgical Approach
Authors: Soni Dr. Shreya , Asutkar Dr. Sheetal , Kumar Upadhyay Dr. Sandeep , Yadav Dr. Yogesh
Published: September 2023

Swelling, discomfort, redness, soreness, and a localized increase in temperature are the clinical signs of an abscess. Fistula in ano,the complication most frequently with perianal abscess, is caused by poor pus drainage or incorrect dressing in the post-operative stage.Modern science describes treatment as a two-step process, including an incision and drainage. An abscess can be correlated to Vidradhi inAyurveda. The irritated Dosha affects the tweak, rakta, means, media, and asthi; majja becomes localized and causes a problematic swelling knownas Vidradhi that is deeply ingrained, painful, and expands steadily. When its Pakwa avastha is complete, the vidradhi opens up or bursts. At thisstage, we must perform bhedhana karma to drain the vitiated materials that cause a cavity. The case presented was a recurrent Perianalabscess associated with fistula in ano with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in which the patient had severely deranged Kidney functions, poorsigns of oral nutrition, swollen feet and ankles, puffiness around eyes, oliguria leading to Septic Shock, was managed through Surgical andintegrated approach of Ayurveda. The method followed here is pre-operative medications which was the utmost emergency as the patientwas in Septic shock, and then the surgical management, i.e., Incision (Bhedana) leading to immediate drainage of peri-anal abscess followed byKsheerasutra application for complete drainage along with cutting & healing of the cavity. The planned treatment of the Ksheerasutra applicationafter I & D resulted in a complete cure for the condition. This case study provides the successful emergency management of Gudagata vidradhiwith Bhagandara and comorbidities via surgical & Ayurvedic management.
Impact of a Residency Family Systems Curriculum on the Postresidency Practice of Family Physicians
Authors: Schiefer Rebekah , Levy Sheldon , Rdesinski Rebecca E. , Garvin Roger D. , Verdieck Alexandra , Skariah Joe M.
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: Training residents in family systems and family-oriented care holds the potential to increase empathy for patients and to grow self-awareness of how one’s own family of origin affects clinical practice. Little has been studied about how training residents in family systems affects their clinical practice after they graduate residency.
Methods: We surveyed all the residency graduates (N=60) who completed the longitudinal family systems curriculum during their third year of residency, from 2016 to 2021. The former residents were emailed a survey and asked to respond to Likert-scale and qualitative questions regarding the effects of the family systems curriculum on their clinical practice.
Results: Thirty-five graduates (58.3%) returned completed surveys. Overall, 26 of 35 (74.3%) respondents felt that the family systems curriculum had helped them a fair amount or a great deal in the care of their patients. In particular, 29 of 35 (82.9%) felt that the curriculum helped them a fair amount or a great deal in maintaining empathy. Compared to other longitudinal courses, 32 of 35 (91.4%) respondents indicated that they liked the curriculum somewhat or a great deal. 
Conclusions: More than half the respondents found all elements of the curriculum helpful in their clinical practice, especially in the areas of caring for patients and maintaining empathy. The responses will be used as a baseline for comparison to improve the training. Continued research, perhaps in the form of randomized controlled trials using several residencies, could help in developing elements for more standardized curriculum in family-oriented care training.
ANALISIS KARAKTER GEMAR MEMBACA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI DIGITAL SISWA SMP
Authors: Uswatun Hasanah Uswatun , Islamiani Safitri Islamiani , Risma Delima Harahap Risma
Published: September 2023

The idea for this research is the low reading interest in digital literacy skills (DLS) among students whose houses have a very weak signal for Internet access. Students' DLS can be improved through increased library usage and technological advancements that are presently evolving due to the availability of several platforms for social media (learning sites). This research aims to analyze reading interest character on the studentsâ€™ DLS during an odd semester at State Senior High School 2 of Bilar Hilir (SMPN 2 Bilah Hilir). This research included the students from classes VII-1, VII-5, VIII-2, VIII-6, IX-3 and IX-4 by employing a quantitative descriptive method of investigation. The data collection was done through questionnaire by approaching descriptive statistics analysis. The research results show that students' reading interest must be improved by increasing their DLS, which are quite effective and may effectively counter technological advancements. The results of the questionnaire indicate that the students' reading interest is still low, however the results of the questionnaire demonstrate that students' DLS give good results.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN CODE SWITCHING (CS) DAN CODEMIXING (CM) PADA SISWA SMP MELALUI PENDEKATAN BILINGUAL TEACHING CLASSROOM
Authors: Nofiana S  , Nurjannah  , Riska
Published: September 2023

Abstrak

 

Banyak pengajar di sekolah pada kota-kota besar yakni tidak lagi melakukan code switching dan code mixing dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah yang disebabkan oleh beberapa anggapan yang tidak mendasar. Rumusan masalah “bagaimana dampak penggunaan code switching dan code mixing pada siswa SMPN 1 Peukan Pidie melalui pendekatan bilingual teaching classroom?”. Tujuan penelitian ingin mengetahui dampak penggunaan code switching dan code mixing pada siswa SMPN 1 Peukan Pidie melalui pendekatan bilingual teaching classroom. Pendekatan yang akan dilakukan yaitu pendekatan dalam bentuk deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yaitu guru dan siswa di SMPN 1 Peukan Pidie. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa code switching dan code mixing dalam bentuk kata, frasa dan klausa. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik pengamatan, wawancara serta rekam. Teknik dalam analisis data, peneliti melakukan analisis terhadap validasi terhadap data yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sekolah SMPN 1 Peukan Pidie menerapkan pendekatan bilingual. Disini guru menggunakan bahasa daerah sebagai landasan bilingualnya. Dampak penggunaan code switching dan code mixing pada siswa SMPN 1 Peukan Pidie melalui pendekatan bilingual teaching classroom ialah memudahkan siswa dalam memahami materi, menunjukkan identitas diri, dapat mengubah suasana menjadi santai dan menjadi lebih dekat dengan siswa baik didalam kelas maupun diluar kelas

Kata kunci : code switching, code mixing dan bilingual.
Los Canales de Distribución Comercial en Productos de Consumo Masivo
Authors: Rojas Keyla Karina , González-Silva María Camila
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo de revisión aborda aspectos generales sobre la distribución comercial de productos de consumo masivo desde el factor del canal de distribución con el objetivo de proponer cómo el internet podría articularse a los modos de distribución de los canales tradicionales y modernos. Para esto se tuvo en cuenta el desarrollo histórico de los procesos de comercialización y posición actual frente al consumidor en términos generales. Concluyéndose que es importante tener en cuenta que dadas las condiciones de los usuarios o clientes a los cuales llega el producto en el contexto colombiano, las productoras pueden articular el uso de los tres canales en la distribución de sus productos (Tradicional, Moderno y Tecnológico), garantizando la cobertura y el modo de interacción preferido con el producto.
Analisis Kebutuhan Bahan Ajar Materi Sejarah Reformasi di SMA Sabilillah Sampang
Authors: Rohman Fathu Shodiqur , Fajri Namira Choirani
Published: September 2023

Reformasi telah dimulai sejak 25 tahun lalu, tetapi hingga saat ini sikap demokratis yang menjadi salah satu penciri reformasi belum juga terbentuk. Untuk itu, diperlukan peninjauan ulang terhadap komponen-komponen yang sudah berjalan. Salah satu komponen yang mengambil peran penting dalam pendidikan adalah bahan ajar yang digunakan oleh siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan pembelajaran sejarah reformasi untuk meningkatkan sikap demokratis siswa di SMA Sabilillah Sampang. Adapun langkah yang digunakan pada penelitian ini meliputi observasi dan penyebaran angket. Angket dibagikan pada 60 siswa kelas 12 di SMA Sabilillah Sampang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kemampuan siswa menghadapi perbedaan kultur belum baik; (2) kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa belum baik; (3) Siswa belum berpartisipasi aktif; (4) kemampuan komunikasi intrapersonal siswa belum mumpuni; dan (4) kemampuan guru dalam proses pembelajaran masih dapat ditingkatkan. Berdasarkan hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan bahan ajar yang ada saat ini belum efektif. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan pembaruan pada bahan ajar yang menunjang peningkatan sikap demokratis siswa. Pembaruan ini bukan hanya berkaitan dengan teknologi, melainkan juga konten yang terdapat dalam bahan ajar agar melahirkan siswa yang memiliki sikap demokratis.
Kata kunci: bahan ajar; sejarah; reformasi; sikap demokratis.
MEMBANGUN KARAKTER BANGSA DI ERA MILENIAL: Kontribusi Konsep Pendidikan Tasawuf dan Pengaruh Gerakan Spiritual Emha Ainun Najib
Authors: Muhamad Basyrul Muvid
Published: September 2023

Budaya luar dan pengaruh ideologi serta perkembangan teknologi menjadi salah satu penyebab munculnya degradasi moral masyarakat. Di mana agama sudah tidak lagi dijadikan sebagai benteng dan juga alat untuk menyaring antara kebaikan dan keburukan. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan pemikian cendekiawan Muslim yang bisa mengobati dan menjadi rujukan dalam mengentaskan problem tersebut dan bidang pemikirannya terkait dengan sisi ruhani sebagai sumber utama dari pembentukan karakter seseorang. Metode penelitian dalam artikel ini ialah studi kepustakaan dengan bersumber dari buku karya Cak Nun dan berbagai referensi, buku, jurnal yang sesuai dengan topik kajin. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konsep pendidikan tasawuf Cak Nun berbasis kemanusiaan dan kebudayaan, bagaimana manusia bisa membangun peradaban dan kebersamaan di tengah perbedaan sebagai aktualisasi dari spiritualnya yang mendalam sebagai usaha mendidik manusia yang religius yang memahami makna sosial secara tepat, yang mana bisa dijabarkan ke dalam tiga aspek Pertama, konsep pendidikan tasawuf Cak Nun memberikan daya humanis kepada kehidupan manusia, sehingga bisa mempraktikkan sikap-sikap mulai untuk mewujudkan kebersamaan, persatuan, dan kerjasama yang baik. Kedua, kontribusi pemikiran sufistik Emha Ainun Najib dapat dilihat dari isi ceramah, karya dan konsep pendidikan tasawufnya yang memang memusatkan pada perbaikan diri, dan penguatan karakter sehingga bisa menerima segala yang ada termasuk perbedaan. Dan ketiga, relevansi konsep pendidikan tasawuf Emha Ainun Najib dalam membangun karakter bangsa di era milenial ialah usaha Cak Nun menguatkan semangat keummatan; kemanusiaan yang dapat menjunjung tinggi semangat ukhuwah yang tidak hanya berdimensi keIslaman, tetapi kemanusiaan. Di sini Cak Nun berusaha memberikan alternatif melalui konsepsi sufistiknya bahwa merajut koneksi dengan Tuhan harus diiringi dengan perilaku baik kepada segala ciptaan-Nya, sehingga dapat melahirkan sebuah peradaban yang mulia.
Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Tasawuf; Cak Nun; Karakter; Masyarakat
KAJIAN HISTORIS TAREKAT QADIRIYAH NAQSYABANDIYAH AL-MANDHURIYAH TEMANGGUNG: Eksistensi dan Pengaruh Sosial Keagamaannya
Authors: Husna Rosyadi Muhammad , Fuadi Moh. Ashif , Kusairi Latif , Safitry Martina , Mahanani Qisthi Faradina Ilma
Published: September 2023

Abstrak

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang dinamika tarekat qodiriyah wa naqsyabandiyah di Temanggung yang disebarkan oleh K.H. Mandhur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah, yakni pemilihan topik, pengumpulan sumber, verifikasi, interpretasi dan penulisan sejarah. Penulis menitikberatkan pada sumber primer berupa peninggalan catatan-catatan K.H. Mandhur, dan wawancara terhadap keturunan K.H. Mandhur serta data pendukung penelitian terdahulu dari sumber buku, artikel, atau berita online. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa: K.H. Mandhur merupakan seorang kiai yang berpengaruh di Temanggung, sehingga pesatnya perkembangan tarekat qodiriah wa naqsyabandiyah di Temanggung tak lain adalah karena perannya dalam menyebarkan tarekat tersebut. Adapun sanad tarekat K.H. Mandhur berasal dari Kiai Umar Payaman yang juga merupakan murid Syekh Zarkasi Berjan murid Syekh Abdul Karim al-Bantani. K.H. Mandhur mulai mengenalkan tarekat sebelum Indonesia merdeka yakni sekitar tahun 1920 di daerah Ngebel dan mulai berpindah tahun 1950 mengajarkan tarekat tersebut di pusat Kota Temanggung sampai wafatnya pada tahun 1980. Sepeninggal K.H. Mandhur, kepemimpinan tarekat diteruskan oleh putranya yaitu K.H. Ahmad Bandnudji sampai sekarang. Eksistensi TQN al-Mandhuriyah terbukti membawa dampak sosial-keagamaan dengan adanya interaksi sosial antar jamaah dari berbagai daerah dengan saling bersilaturahmi dan kegiatan para jamaah seperti manakiban, sewelasan, tawajjuhan, peringatan haul K.H. Mandhur, khalwat, selapanan badal.

Kata Kunci: Tarekat, TQN al-Mandhuriyyah, K.H. Mandhur, Temanggung.
STRATEGI EKONOMI HAJI DI HINDIA BELANDA AWAL ABAD 19
Authors: Eka Yudha Wibowo
Published: September 2023

Ibadah haji yang dilakukan para jemaat haji dari wilayah hindia Belanda pada awal abad 19 tidak hanya berkontribusi dalam bidang keagamaan maupun politik. Ibadah haji juga berkontribusi besar dalam bidang ekonomi. Para haji ini selain mendapatkan pengalaman spritual dan keterbukaan dalam bidang pemikiran Pan Islamisme di Timur Tengah, mereka juga turut mendukung kemajuan ekonomi di wilayah mereka masing-masing ketika kembali ke tanah air. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi sejarah yang meliputi tahapan heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi dan historiografi. Kajian ini diteliti dengan melihat strategi ekonomi yang dijalankan oleh para haji ketika mereka kembali ke tanah air dan kontribusinya terhadap berbagai bidang sosial masyarakat di Indonesia. Haji dalam hal ini haji berperan dalam mengembangkan etos bagi umat Islam yaitu kerja keras dan hemat, rajin menabung, adanya perubahan budaya ekonomi dari jasa ke uang, dan menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan serta pengenalan transaksi ekonomi antar daerah yang berjauhan. Munculnya para haji ini turut menguntungkan pemerintah kolonial yang di kemudian hari mendapatkan pas jalan (reispas) dari calon haji.
Kata Kunci: Haji; Ekonomi; Etos Kerja; Hindia Belanda.
Facile preparation of TICT@MOF solids with unprecedented PL quantum yields
Authors: Laha Paltan , Chandra Falguni , Alneyadi Shaikha , Saleh Na'il
Published: September 2023

Luminescent solids have unique optical properties. An important goal is
to realize a simple procedure to lighten up weakly emissive hybrid
inorganic-organic solids. Here we demonstrate that the instant mixing of
(1-cyano-2-[α-terthiophen-2-yl]-vinyl)carboxylic acid (3TCC) with
the metal-organic framework MOF-177 in an organic solvent followed by
the evaporation of that solvent conceived solids with distinct
photoluminescence (PL) properties, turning over the PL quantum yields
(PLQY) of the generated 3TCC@MOF-177 solids by ~2 to 40
folds compared to the 3TCC solution. The anisotropic rotational times of
3TCC@MOF-177 solids (e.g., 0.14, 0.41, and 0.51 ns) inversely correlate
with their PLQY values (e.g., 65, 42, and 32%) depending on the protic
solvent used in the initial preparation step in the following order:
methanol>ethanol>butanol. The behavior is
explained kinetically and thermodynamically. These observations offer
new solid with a remarkable PLQY that was easily achieved using an
effortless approach.