bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characteristics of Enterovirus B83 Strain Isolated from a Patient with Acute Viral Myocarditis and Global Transmission Dynamics
Authors: Song Juan , Lu Huanhuan , Ma Lin , Zhu Shuangli , Yan Dongmei , Han Jun , Zhang Yong
Published: June 2023

This study determined the global genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of enterovirus B83 (EV-B83) and proposed future disease surveillance directions. Blood samples were collected from a patient with viral myocarditis, and viral isolation was performed. The complete genome sequence of the viral isolate was obtained using Sanger sequencing. A dataset of 15 sequences (from three continents) that had sufficient time signals for Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was set up, and the genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of global EV-B83 were analyzed using bioinformatics methods, including evolutionary dynamics, recombination event analysis, and phylogeographic analysis. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an EV-B83 strain (S17/YN/CHN/2004) isolated from a patient with acute viral myocarditis in Yunnan Province, China. All 15 EV-B83 strains clustered together in a phylogenetic tree, confirming the classification of these isolates as a single EV type, and the predicted time for the most recent common ancestor appeared in 1998. Recombinant signals were detected in the 5’-untranslated region and 2A–3D coding regions of the S17 genome. The phylogeographic analysis revealed multiple intercontinental transmission routes of EV-B83. This study indicates that EV-B83 is globally distributed. Our findings add to the publicly available EV-B83 genomic sequence data and deepen our understanding of EV-B83 epidemiology.
VSV-ΔG-Spike Candidate Vaccine Induces Protective Immunity and Protects K18-hACE2 Mice against SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Yahalom-Ronen Yfat , Tamir Hadas , Melamed Sharon , Politi Boaz , Achdout Hagit , Erez Noam , Israeli Ofir , Cohen-Gihon Inbar , Chery Mimran Lilach , Barlev-Gross Moria , Mandelboim Michal , Orr Irit , Feldmesser Ester , Weiss Shay , Beth-Din Adi , Paran Nir , Israely Tomer
Published: June 2023

Since the emergence of the original SARS-CoV-2, several variants were described, raising questions as to the ability of recently developed vaccine platforms to induce immunity and provide protection against these variants. Here, we utilized the K18-hACE2 mouse model to show that VSV-ΔG-spike vaccination provides protection against several SARS-CoV-2 variants: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. We show an overall robust immune response, regardless of variant identity, leading to reduction in viral load in target organs, prevention of morbidity and mortality, as well as prevention of severe brain immune response, which follows infection with various variants. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive comparison of the brain transcriptomic profile in response to infection with different variants of SARS-CoV-2 and show how vaccination prevents these disease manifestations. Taken together, these results highlight the robust VSV-ΔG-spike protective response against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants, as well as its promising potential against newly arising variants.
Successful Integration of HIV PrEP in Primary Care and Women’s Health Clinical Practice: A Model for Implementation
Authors: Casey Eunice , Kaplan-Lewis Emma , Gala Kruti , Lakew Rebecca
Published: June 2023

Ending the HIV Epidemic is contingent upon the increased utilization of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The majority of PrEP in the United States is prescribed in specialty care settings; however, to achieve national implementation goals, it is necessary to expand PrEP services in primary care and women’s health clinics. To this end, a prospective cohort study was conducted of health care providers participating in one of three rounds of a virtual program aimed at increasing the number of PrEP prescribers in primary care and women’s health clinics within the NYC Health and Hospitals network, the public healthcare system of New York City. Provider prescribing behavior was compared at pre-intervention (August 2018–September 2019) and post-intervention (October 2019–February 2021). Among 104 providers, the number prescribing PrEP increased from 12 (11.5%) to 51 (49%) and the number of individual patients on PrEP increased from 19 to 128. The program utilized clinical integration models centering on existing STI management workflows and was associated with increased numbers of PrEP prescribers and volume of prescriptions in primary care and women’s health clinics. The dissemination of similar programs could support national scale-up of PrEP.
Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Li Zeming , Li Zihan , Sun Xinying
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was applied as an example, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as a conceptual model. This study aimed to explore the impact of subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on the intention of the public for regular vaccination during COVID-19. The outcomes can provide certain recommendations for relevant policymakers in developing targeted health education intervention programs in the event of similar events. Methods: An online survey was performed between 17 April and 14 May 2021, via the online survey platform “WENJUANXING”. The multistage stratified cluster sampling was employed, and 2098 participants (1114 males; 53.10%) with a mean age of 31.22 years (SD = 8.29) completed the survey. The survey covered the factors influencing the public’s intention to receive future regular vaccinations during COVID-19 based on TPB. The effects of different variables on the public’s vaccination intention were analyzed using hierarchical stepwise regression. Results: The public’s intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., behavioral intention) in the future was taken as the dependent variable. Gender, age, marital status, education level, per capita monthly household income, vaccine-related knowledge, whether the COVID-19 vaccine was received, subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were used as independent variables. In this way, a hierarchical stepwise multiple regression model was developed. It can be seen from the final model that gender, age, vaccine-related knowledge, vaccination, attitude, SNs, and PBC were all influential factors in the public’s intention to get vaccinated in the future, with R2 = 0.399 and adjusted R2 = 0.397 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: TPB explains the intention of the public to receive future vaccinations to a large extent, and ATT and SNs are the most important influencing factors. It is suggested that vaccine intervention programs be developed to enhance public awareness and acceptance of vaccination. This can be achieved in three aspects, namely, improving the ATT of the public, SNs, and PBC. Furthermore, the influence of gender, age, vaccine knowledge, and previous vaccination behavior on vaccination intention should be taken into account.
The role of fundamental uncertainty in economics and decision-making
Authors: Bélyácz Iván
Published: June 2023

The subject of this paper is the direct influence of uncertainty on economic decisions. The first part is a historical overview of the use of probability as a decisionmaking tool. The second part explores points of connection between Keynesian economics and uncertainty. After the discussion of epistemological and ontological uncertainty, the substance of fundamental uncertainty is elaborated. A separate section is dedicated to the role of ‘animal spirits’, conventions and ‘black swan’ phenomena. The closing section focusses on atomic and organic interrelationships in the economic material, the relation between complexity and uncertainty, and with the triangle probability-uncertainty-econometrics. The aim of the paper is to substantiate that uncertainty – whether it is termed ‘fundamental’, ‘radical’, ‘irreducible’ or else – is unavoidably and inevitably part of economic reasoning and decision-making.
Ethical AI: Proposal to bridge the gap in EU regulation on trustworthy AI and to support practical implementation of ethical perspectives
Authors: Prisznyák Alexandra
Published: June 2023

In 2020, GPT-3 defined itself as a thinking robot. The history of AI development is identified with machines becoming increasingly intelligent, but behind it lies the human factor, the soaring of the human mind. However, the question of machine ethics is also a question of cultural ethics. Based on in-depth interviews conducted in seven industries, the author reveals that ethical considerations are not yet taken into account in the development of AI systems. To support practical implementation, the author identifies two shortcomings based on a comparative analysis of the EU’s AI Act and Ethical Guidelines for Trustworthy AI: (1) missing ethical sensitisation and training of AI system developers and supervisors; (2) suggested approaches to handling harmful feedback loops and decision-making biases. The author uses the philosophical and ethical heritage of 21 philosophers as a compass to propose solutions for the identified gaps and deficiencies of organisational integration.
Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan keputihan
Authors: Destariyani Elvy , Dewi Prili Puspa , Wahyuni Elly
Published: June 2023

Keputihan merupakan salah satu masalah yang sering dikeluhkan lebih dari 70% wanita di dunia. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dan sikap dengan keputihan pada remaja putri. Jenis penelitian kuantitaif dengan metode cross sectional. Populasi penelitian remaja putri di SMAN 2 Kota Bengkulu, sampel penelitian sebesar 87 orang diambil menggunakan metode stratified random sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang dibagikan secara online melalui google form. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan remaja putri dengan pengetahuan vaginal hygiene pada kategori kurang sebanyak 35,6%, sikap yang tidak mendukung untuk menjaga vaginal hygiene sebanyak 41,4% dan kejadian keputihan pada remaja putri sebanyak 72,4%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan pengetahuan dengan keputihan dan ada hubungan sikap dengan keputihan. Diharapkan pihak sekolah bisa memberikan penyuluhan tentang kesehatan dan pencegahan keputihan untuk meningkatkan Kesehatan reproduksi remaja putri.
Conductas sexuales de riesgo en adolescentes de Latinoamérica
Authors: Paredes López Martha Cecibel , Paredes Morales Estuardo Beethoven , Fonseca-Bautista Silvio , Paredes Morales Rosario , Paredes Revelo Samuel
Published: June 2023

Las conductas sexuales de riesgo en los adolescentes tienen una línea de investigación de procesos sociales, culturales y políticas públicas. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las conductas sexuales de riesgo en adolescentes de Latinoamérica. Se realizó una revisión sistemática bajo el enfoque cualitativo, no experimental, de corte longitudinal, se realizó la búsqueda a través de PubMed Tripdatabase, de los últimos cinco años, fueron seleccionados un total de 20 documentos relacionados al estudio. Se obtuvo que, bajo el contexto social se presenta diferentes conductas sexuales de riesgo como embarazo no deseado, promiscuidad, y no utilización de métodos anticonceptivos. Se concluyó que la exposición a conductas sexuales de riesgo en los adolescentes puede ocasionar daños en su salud y en terceros. Como las infecciones de transmisión sexual y los embarazos no deseados. Por ello, la educación sexual puede mejorar el sentido de responsabilidad y conductas sexuales sanas.
Study of Cutaneous Manifestations in Alcohol Dependence Syndrome Patients in a Rural Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Rao Sneha Krishnoji , Srinivas Rajashekar Talari , Reddy Mohan , Ashraf Ashna
Published: June 2023

Background: Chronic alcoholism is a multifactorial condition predisposed by environmental, social, and psychological factors. Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) can present with varied cutaneous and systemic manifestations. The effects of alcohol use include cutaneous infections, infestations, features of malnutrition, exacerbation of pre-existing dermatoses, and alcohol-related dermatoses. This study aimed to analyze and document cutaneous manifestations secondary to infections, infestations, malnutrition, and modifications of pre-existing dermatoses in ADS patients and investigate the correlation between the presence of cutaneous manifestations and duration and quantity of alcohol intake. Methods: The present observational study was carried out in the Department of Dermatology for a period of one year. A total of 172 male patients with ADS presenting with skin manifestations were included in the study. Detailed analysis of history, clinical examination, and relevant investigations were conducted. Findings: Out of 172 male patients with ADS, the most common dermatoses noted were infections (166, 96.5%) and features of malnutrition (161, 93.6%). Exacerbation of pre-existing dermatoses (101, 58.7%) and alcohol-related dermatoses (85, 49.4%) were also observed. Conclusion: Most of the dermatoses were significantly correlated with the quantity of alcohol intake than with its duration, implying that higher quantity of alcohol intake has more impact on cutaneous and systemic manifestations. Identifying the cutaneous manifestations in ADS patients plays an important role in recognizing the underlying systemic disorders which in turn facilitates early intervention and thereby prevents complications.
Psychological Effects of FIFA, PES, and Clash of Clans Games on Young Men at Risk of Developing Internet Gaming Disorder
Authors: Amani Malahat
Published: June 2023

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the psychological effects of FIFA, PES, and Clash of Clans games on young men at risk of developing internet gaming disorder (IGD). Methods: The sample consisted of 150 young men, 50 of whom were in the FIFA and PES group, 50 in the Clash of Clans group, and 50 in the control group. Two groups of young men at risk of developing IGD were compared with a control group. The participants completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Quality of Relationships Inventory (QRI), Game Addiction Scale, and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). Findings: The results of the study showed that the scores of mental health problems, conflict with friends, and executive function problems in the Clash of Clans group were significantly higher than those of the FIFA, PES, and control groups. Concerning conflict with parents, the FIFA group had a higher score than the Clash of Clans and control groups. In addition, the results indicated that gaming addiction affects mental health by affecting executive functions. Conclusion: The Clash of Clans game has more negative effects on psychological functions.
The Effect of Nicotine Patch on Reducing Nausea, Vomiting, and Pain Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Seyedsadeghi Mirsalim , Arabzadeh Amirahmad , Entezariasl Masood , Shahbazzadegan Bita , Dindar Sajjad , Isazadehfar Khatereh
Published: June 2023

Background: The effect of nicotine on nausea, vomiting, and postoperative pain has been investigated in studies on animals and humans. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nicotine patch on decreasing nausea, vomiting, and pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: The study sample consisted of 100 non-smoking patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia in a triple-blind clinical trial. One hour after the start of surgery, patients were randomly assigned to receive 17.5-mg nicotine or placebo patches. The patches located on the right arm were left for 24 hours. The visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and N/V score for the severity of nausea and vomiting were measured at intervals of 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours. Findings: The results showed there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of pain intensity as well as nausea and vomiting at different time periods after surgery (P>0.05). A total of 36 patients in the nicotine group and 24 patients in the placebo group received meperidine. There was also no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of analgesics (P=0.096) and antiemetics (P=0.1). Moreover, the frequency of severe nausea and vomiting during the study in the nicotine group was higher than in the placebo group (4 vs. 1) but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Receiving a 17.5-mg nicotine patch had a similar effect to receiving placebo in controlling postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting in non-smokers. Nicotine use had no effect on reducing analgesia.
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Anticipate DIY E-juice Mixing among Young Adult International E-cigarette Users
Authors: Record Rachael A. , Groznik Maxwell , Sussman Mark A.
Published: June 2023

Background: Trends in young adult use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and experimentation with do-it-yourself (DIY) e-juice mixing are growing around the world. Theoretical frameworks for examining secondary behaviors (i.e., mixing) embedded within a primary behavior (i.e., vaping) are limited, leading to challenges in scholarly understanding of behavioral performance. This study explored the theoretically driven factors surrounding ENDS users’ decision to mix DIY e-juice through a multiple behavior test of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: An international sample of young adult participants aged 18-19 (n=203) was recruited from Prolific for an online crosssectional survey. Path modeling tested four theoretically driven models to explore behavioral performance of mixing. Findings: The data supported TPB expectations and revealed new paths for secondary behavior. Primary perceptions of attitudes, norms, and intention were predictive of the same secondary perceptions. In addition, for both primary and secondary behaviors, perceived norms were a function of perceived attitudes. For the secondary behavior, normative influence was experienced indirectly through perceived attitudes. Conclusion: DIY e-juice mixing is a product of perceived attitudes and behavioral control surrounding mixing as well as perceived attitudes, norms, and intention surrounding general ENDS use. While unregulated DIY experimentation increases among youth, these findings provide a lens for public health efforts seeking to reach and reduce use. Understanding DIY e-juice behaviors is essential to anticipate stockpiling behaviors and negative outcomes from amateur experimentation.
Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Pregnant Women Referring to Health Centers
Authors: Abasi Hamid , Delavari Nasrabadi Fatemeh , Jalali Gerow Hadiseh , Yadi Fatemeh , Khorashadizadeh Fatemeh
Published: June 2023

Background: Pregnancy is one of the most sensitive stages of a woman’s life, and changes in this time can have important effects on the quality of life (QoL) of women. Therefore, this study aimed to assess QoL and its related factors in pregnant women referring to health centers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 417 pregnant women who referred to Neyshabur health centers in 2021 using stratified random sampling. Data collection was carried out using demographic characteristics and QoL. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) analytical statistics (ordinal regression) were employed, data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 22, and the significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The mean±standard deviation of pregnant women was 28.36±5.96 years old. Physical health was the lowest and mental health was the highest aspect of women’s QoL. Most participants (49.16%) had moderate QoL. It was also found that employment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.34, 95% CI: 1.03-5.30) and good sleep quality (AOR=4.85, 95% CI: 2.99-7.01) were statistically significant variables in relation to QoL. Conclusion: According to an undesirable and moderate QoL in pregnant women, it is recommended that interventions be made to increase QoL, especially in physical health in pregnant women.
Relationship Between Medication Literacy, Health Literacy, and Medication Behavior Among Medical School Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: An Chengyu , Wang Yujia , Feng Bojunhao , Zhang Jingbo , Hou Ruyi , Huang Xincheng , Zhu Zhu , Sun Xinying , Wu Yibo
Published: June 2023

Background: Nowadays, college students are more accessible and susceptible to being exposed to mixed information than ever, which results in a growing concern about their health problems and medication behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between medication literacy, health literacy, and medication behavior among medical school students. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to select 1324 undergraduate students from a medical school in China as participants for the questionnaire survey in 2020. After quality control, 1183 valid questionnaires were collected (an effective rate of 89.4%). Descriptive statistics analysis, chi-square test, binary logistic regression analysis, and path analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Results: Of the 1183 respondents whose mean age was 19.06, 164 (13.9%) were considered to have good medication literacy, 150 (12.7%) had good health literacy, and 497(42.0%) exhibited good medication behaviors. Lower grades, higher health literacy levels, and higher medication literacy levels were effective in better performance on medication use behavior (P<0.001). Poor self-assessment of health status was correlated with worse medication behavior (P<0.05). it was concluded that medication literacy may be an intermediate variable linking health literacy and medication use behavior. Conclusion: Students in the medical college showed much higher rates of rational medication use when they have medication and health literacy. There was an indirect positive relationship between health literacy and medication behavior through medication literacy (P<0.001). Therefore, health literacy and medication literacy can be an essential part of medication safety education for college students as well as an ideal indicator for educational outcome evaluation.
Gender and Age-Based Differences in Risk Factors and Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Sample of Iranian Patients
Authors: Moazenzadeh Mansour , Hedayati Marzieh , Rashidinejad Hamidreza
Published: June 2023

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the most serious diseases with high mortality. Concerning the influence of age and gender on ACS properties, this study aimed to determine gender and age-based differences in risk factors and symptoms of the ACS in a sample of Iranian patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 patients with ACS in Kerman from 10 September, 2018 to 25 February, 2019. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews in the coronary care unit (CCU) after ACS diagnosis. A trained interviewer collected the data using a demographic and clinical information checklist. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square, Fisher exact test, and Mann‐Whitney U test and through SPSS software (version 23). Results: In this study, more than half of the patients with ACS were males (n=240, 53.4%). In one-third of the patients, ACS symptoms were presented in the age range of 60-69 years (n=145, 32.2%). In the female patients compared to the male patients, there were more cases of underweight [58 (27.6%) versus 45 (18.8%), P value: 0.02], positive family history of coronary heart disease (CHD) [102 (48.6%) versus 92 (38.3%), P value: 0.02], and hypertension [119 (56.7%) versus 113 (47.1%), P value: 0.04]. In contrast, there were no differences in common symptoms and pain severity in patients in various age and sex groups. Conclusion: Attention to the differences in the profile of risk factors and symptoms of ACS in males and females of different ages, would be helpful in choosing the best clinical approach.
Tamoxifen Like Estradiol Attenuates Systemic Inflammation in Young and Aged Female Mice Fed with High-Fat Diet
Authors: Farhadi Zeinab , Khaksari Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Background: Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with an increased incidence of inflammatory diseases and metabolic disorders. Also, these disorders will increase in women with aging and menopause, which is probably due to the reduced role of estradiol (E2). Selective estrogen modulators including tamoxifen (TAM), which acts through estrogen receptors, have important metabolic effects. This study aimed to determine whether TAM and E2 have protective effects on inflammation caused by HFD in young and aged mice. Methods: Four-month-old (Sham and ovariectomized [OVX]) and 20-month-old female C57BL/6J mice were used in this study. After feeding them with HFD for 12 weeks, they were divided into nine groups consisting of Sham+Oil, Sham+TAM, Sham+E2, OVX+Oil, OVX+TAM, OVX+E2, Aged+Oil, Aged+TAM, and Aged+E2. TAM and E2 were injected subcutaneously every four days for four weeks. At the end of the experiments, the mice’s blood was sampled. The serum cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were also determined using ELISA kits. Results: The results revealed that HFD increased inflammation by reducing IL-10 and increasing TNF-a/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10 ratio in young and aged mice, and TAM and E2 therapy resulted in a significant decrease in TNF-α and IL-6, and an increase in IL-10 in young and aged mice. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that TAM, in addition to being used as an anticancer drug, can reduce HFD-induced inflammation in both young and aged mice. Therefore, probably it is a good candidate to substitute E2.
The Efficacy of Intense Pulsed Light in the Treatment of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars
Authors: Thanh Le Thai Van , Quan Tran So , Anh Le Vi , Hung Ta Quoc , Vuong Nguyen Lam
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Different therapies have been applied to keloids and hypertrophic scars. Intense pulsed light (IPL) has recently been used but the evidence is limited. This study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of IPL as monotherapy for keloids and hypertrophic scars. Methods: This was a before-and-after interventional study on 16 patients with 50 scars who underwent IPL. Seven scars receive one IPL session, seven received two sessions, and 36 received three sessions. Outcomes were evaluated by the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), scar ultrasound, colorimeter for pigmentation and erythema, and side effects. Results: After the treatment, most outcomes significantly improved except that the pigmentation of the scars did not change. Scar thickness significantly reduced by nearly 10% after the first IPL session, 15% after the second session, and>20% after the third session. All side effects were mild with crust (33.3-46%), blisters (8.3-40%), and hyperpigmentation around the scar (0-14%); the pain was moderate as assessed by the patients. Conclusions: IPL is a safe and effective treatment for keloids and hypertrophic scars. More studies are required to confirm our results.
Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Inflammatory Responses by Modifying Stereological Parameters, microRNA-21 and FGF2 Expression
Authors: Amini Abdollah , Ghasemi Moravej Fahimeh , Mostafavinia Atarodalsadat , Ahmadi Hossein , Chien Sufan , Bayat Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Photobiomodulation treatment (PBMT) is a relatively invasive method for treating wounds. An appropriate type of PBMT can produce desired and directed cellular and molecular processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of PBMT on stereological factors, bacterial count, and the expression of microRNA-21 and FGF2 in an infected, ischemic, and delayed wound healing model in rats with type one diabetes mellitus. Methods: A delayed, ischemic, and infected wound was produced on the back skin of all 24 DM1 rats. Then, they were put into 4 groups at random (n=6 per group): 1=Control group day4 (CG day4); 2=Control group day 8 (CG day8); 3=PBMT group day4 (PGday 4), in which the rats were exposed to PBMT and killed on day 4; 4=PBMT group day8 (PGday8), in which the rats received PBMT and they were killed on day 8. The size of the wound, the number of microbial colonies, stereological parameters, and the expression of microRNA-21 and FGF2 were all assessed in this study throughout the inflammation (day 4) and proliferation (day 8) stages of wound healing. Results: On days 4 and 8, we discovered that the PGday4 and PGday8 groups significantly improved stereological parameters in comparison with the same CG groups. In terms of ulcer area size and microbiological counts, the PGday4 and PGday8 groups performed much better than the same CG groups. Simultaneously, the biomechanical findings in the PGday4 and PGday8 groups were much more extensive than those in the same CG groups. On days 4 and 8, the expression of FGF2 and microRNA-21 was more in all PG groups than in the CG groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: PBMT significantly speeds up the repair of ischemic and MARS-infected wounds in DM1 rats by lowering microbial counts and modifying stereological parameters, microRNA-21, and FGF2 expression.
The effect of Turkish dental practitioners’ perceptions and experience of ICDAS II on caries treatment decisions
Authors: Sevilay Bahadır Hasibe , Çelik Çiğdem
Published: June 2023

Background: The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) was developed to integrate several criteria systems into one standard system for caries detection and assessment. The aim of this study was to identify Turkish dental practitioners’ perceptions and experience about ICDAS II and assess how they could affect clinical decision-making. Methods: A web-based data collection form, including demographic characteristics, experience of caries detection systems, and two different clinical images with caries and treatment options, was given to Turkish dental practitioners. Data were analyzed with the chi-square test and logistic regression using SPSS 22.0 software (IBM, Chicago, IL) at a significance level of P<0.05. Results: Data collection forms were completed by 382 general dental practitioners. For the first clinical scenario 70.7% of the practitioners decided that no treatment was required. For the second clinical scenario 89.5% of the practitioners decided to perform tooth restoration. Considering the clinical scenario 2 treatment options, while practitioners working in the public hospital marked amalgam restoration at a higher rate, practitioners working in private clinics marked composite resin restoration and root canal treatment at a higher rate (P<0.05). With regard to effects on treatment choices for clinical scenarios, binary logistic regression analysis found no significant effects of gender, age, or institution (P>0.05). Conclusion: The visual caries detection system, ICDAS II, was a useful tool in standardizing caries diagnostic skills for practitioners and improving decision-making abilities on caries treatment.
Explaining Professionalism and Professional Socialization Process in Nursing Students
Authors: Manglian Parvin , Nouhi Esmat
Published: June 2023

Background: Professional socialization is the process of accepting professional roles. Nursing students can undergo a transition from a student role to a professional nurse by gaining learning experiences and acquiring the necessary competencies of the profession. Accordingly, this study was conducted to explain the understanding of nursing students about the process of professional socialization. Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method. The participants included 18 students who were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s qualitative content analysis method. Results: The analysis of the data led to the identification of one main theme and three subthemes. The core theme that emerged in this study was acquiring socialization skills and the subthemes included mental images and professional expectations, social status and professional values, and professional accountability and teamwork. These themes illustrate the participants’ perception of professional socialization. Conclusion: The findings showed that from the perspective of students, mental images and professional expectations as well as professional values and teamwork cause a sense of calmness, confidence, and professional belonging in them and improve their social responsiveness.
Ethical Challenges Associated with Caring for Sick Children Based on the Experiences of Nursing Students in Pediatric Wards: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Nematollahi Monirsadat , Bagherian Behnaz , Esmaelzadeh Fatemeh , Mehdipour-Rabori Roghayeh
Published: June 2023

Background: Nurses working in pediatric wards face many challenges when caring for sick children of different ages due to their physical and mental needs, especially if they have not been trained professionally. Nursing students and nurses are faced with ethical challenges in pediatric wards, hence their experiences can help identify the ethical problems in the healthcare setting. Since the explanation of ethical challenges depends on the context and factors such as values, beliefs, and hospital culture, this study aimed to explain the ethical challenges associated with caring for sick children based on the experiences of nursing students. Methods: This qualitative study used conventional content analysis to investigate the experiences of undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students and nurses working in pediatric wards selected by purposive sampling. Data collection tools were interviews and field notes. Data were categorized via MAXQDA10 and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The participants included 3 pediatric nurses and 17 nursing students. The mean age of the participants was 24.9±1.2. The findings of the study revealed the main theme i.e., ethical challenges associated with caring for sick children, was classified into two main categories including care challenges and organizational constraints. Care challenges were classified into the following subcategories: feeling worried when caring for sick children, compassionate care, emotional needs of children, inattention to family-centered care, and insufficient capability of the healthcare team. Organizational constraints were classified into facility constraints and hospital managers’ inattention to the environmental design of pediatric wards. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the ethical challenges associated with caring for sick children were related to the healthcare team and organizational management. With the provision of appropriate training for nurses, as well as proper planning and implementation of policies to standardize the pediatric wards, nurses can provide nursing care to this age group with the least amount of moral distress.
The Development of Professional Competencies in Ph.D. Candidates in Psychology: A Thematic Analysis Study
Authors: Akbarzadeh Sara , Shojaei Amirahmad , Ahmadi Fazlollah , Khademi Ashkzari Moluok
Published: June 2023

Background: Psychology is one of the important disciplines dealing with mental health. Psychology students develop a set of professional competencies during their studies. The present study sought to explore the experiences of psychology students and assess the development of their professional competencies in the workplace. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a thematic analysis approach. The data were collected through 27 in-depth semi-structured interviews with 24 Ph.D. candidates in psychology who were completing their dissertations and 2 interviews with 2 professors of psychology. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis. The findings revealed the main themes, subthemes, and main categories. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to increase the trustworthiness of the findings. Results: The core theme identified in this study was professional competencies developed during academic studies. Besides, the five subthemes underlying professional competencies were creating and maintaining empathy, building a mutual understanding, enhancing confidentiality, being human and seeing others as human, and getting out of absolutism. Conclusion: The findings reported in the present study suggested that professional competencies are developed in psychology students during their studies according to their professional and clinical experience. Accordingly, providing adequate experiences can contribute to developing and promoting professional competencies in students.
Household Food Insecurity and Associated Factors among Iranian Patients with Esophageal and Gastric Cancers
Authors: Sohrabi Masoudreza , Mollanoroozy Ensiyeh , Abbasi Hamid , Mehrabadi Shima , Zamani Farhad , Ajdarkosh Hossein , Hatamian Sare , Bahavar Atefeh , Safarnezhad Tameshkel Fahimeh , Gholami Ali
Published: June 2023

Background: Household food insecurity (HFI) which has still been one of the major global public health issues is related to adverse health outcomes in individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of HFI and its associated factors in Iranian patients with esophageal and gastric cancers. Methods: The data of this cross-sectional study was obtained from 315 patients with esophageal and gastric cancers who were selected from a gastrointestinal cancer-based cohort study conducted in Firoozgar hospital, in Tehran. Food insecurity (FI) was measured using the Iranian version of the HFI questionnaire that was completed by a trained interviewer. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the independent association of each factor with HFI. A P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean±SD of participants’ age was 63.2±12.6 years and 65.4% were men. Most of the patients (75.8%) suffered from gastric cancer and 24.2% from esophageal cancer. The overall prevalence of FI among participants’ households was 35.2%. There was an independent significant association between wealth index (WI) and HFI after the use of the multivariable logistic regression model, in such a way that the odds of FI in the poorest, poor, moderate, and rich patients’ households were respectively, 6.41, 5.05, 2.74 and 2.04 times higher compared with the richest households. Conclusion: More than a third of participants’ households struggled with FI, which was found to have a higher prevalence in loweconomic households. Therefore, health policymakers should intervene in food-insecure households by developing, establishing, and implementing strategies and control programs to improve affordable food access.
The influence of e-commerce business developments and technology-based accounting information systems on the need for e-commerce audit services
Authors: Sophia Nur Hayya
Published: June 2023

This study examines the effect of e-commerce business development and the development of technology-based accounting information systems on the need for e-commerce audit services. Respondents in this study were auditors who worked at Public Accounting Firms in Jakarta. The number of auditors who became the sample of this study were 135 auditors from 13 public accounting firms. The sample determination method used in this study was purposive sampling, while the data processing method used by the researcher was multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the development of e-commerce business and the development of technology-based accounting information systems simultaneously and significantly influence the need for e-commerce audit services.
POLA PENGELOLAAN KELEMBAGAAN “DKM NURUL YAKIN” DALAM MEMBINA JAMA’AH DI KECAMATAN TIRTAMULYA KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Suryana Sayan
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini: untuk mengetahui pola pengelolaan sumber daya manusia (SDM) pada DKM Nurul Yakin dalam membina jamaah, untuk mengetahui pengelolaan/manajemen komunikasi dakwah pada DKM Nurul Yakin dalam membina jamaah, untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah yang dilakukan DKM Nurul Yakin dalam membina jamaah dan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan yang menunjang pembinaan jamaah. Penelitan ini didasarkan kepada teori G.R. Terry. Menurutnya, ada empat komponen pengorganisasian. Komponen-komponen tersebut dapat diingat dengan perkataan “WERE”. “W” berari Work (pekerjaan), “E” berarti Employes (pegawai-pegawai), “R” berarti Relationship (hubungan-hubungan), dan “E” berarti Environment (lingkungan). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan metode interview. Metode observasi digunakan untuk mengobservasi usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh lembaga-lembaga dakwah, baik dalam tataran konseptual maupun tataran kontekstual. Metode interview dimaksudkan untuk mewawancarai orang-orang yang menjadi sasaran penelitian dan jenis-jenis atau usaha-usaha yang sedang dilakukan guna memperoleh data penelitian yang objektif untuk selanjutnya dianalisis dan dikategorisasikan sesuai dengan bahasanya.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini ialah (1) pola pengelolaan DKM Nurul Yakin dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara antara lain: penyusunan staff pengelola didasarkan kepada kemampuan masing-masing individu berdasarkan kepada AD/ART lembaga dan diprioritaskan warga setempat, (2) manajemen komunikasi dakwah dilakukan di internal pengelola dan di eksternal pengelola, (3) langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam membina jamaah antara lain; Transformasi pengetahuan, tranformasi kemampuan dan transformasi sikap, dan (4) faktor-faktor yang mendukung terhadap pembinaan jamaah DKM Nurul Yakin ialah kondisi di internal DKM dan eksternal DKM.
WAKAF PRODUKTIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASID SYARIAH
Authors: Zunaidi Arif
Published: June 2023

Dalam budaya kita, memberi sudah menjadi bagian dari kebiasaan. Sayangnya Wakaf dalam pandangan masyarakat kita cenderung masih terfokus berupa tanah dan bangunan. Padahal makna wakaf bisa dimaknai lebih luas lagi, dapat dikelola menjadi lebih produktif misalnya. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research. Dari penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa wakaf produktif dalam perspektif maqasid syariah, meliputi ijtihād maslahi, harus dilandaskan kepada tujuan-tujuan pokok agama. Kedua, ijtihad maslahi harus berlandaskan kepada pengetahuan tentang maslahah al-shar’iyyah (maslahat agama) Ketiga, ijtihad maslahi selayaknya harus mengaplikasikan serta mempertimbangkan kemaslahatan umum dalam memahami teks baik al-Qur’an maupun Hadis. Keempat, ijtihad maslahi harus juga mempertimbangkan sudut pandang keuntungan atau laba.
GAIRAH BERAGAMA MASYARAKAT MUSLIM
Authors: Hafidz Hafidz , Munir Akhmad
Published: June 2023

Fenomena menguatnya kedasaran masyarakat beragama, diejawantahkan dalam bentuk spirit menginfakkan sebagian hartanya untuk kepentingan beribadah, melek social dan menjadi teladan dalam lingkungan sosialnya. Penelitian ini akan mengurai fenomena kesadaran beragama, faktor psikososial kesadaran beragama dan ekspresi keberagaman dalam lingkungan sosialnya. Metode dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan pendekatan atau metode kualitatif fenemonelogis (Analisis Fenomenologis Interpretasi) dalam mengkaji persoalan fenomena pergeseran keagamaan pada masyarakat muslim kota Jember dan Lumajang berkaitan dengan persoalan kesadaran keagamaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, pandangan masyarakat muslim Jember Lumajang, baik dalam masyarakat sebagai individu maupun kelompok, pada hakekatnya dalam konteks memahami agama untuk membangun jati diri keberagamaannya, sangat di tentukan oleh konstruksi ilmu pengetahuan, pengamalan, pengalaman yang dia bangun dari waktu kewaktu, direfleksikan dalam kehidupannya, diejawantahkan dalam kehidupan keberagamaanya sehingga melahirkan pandangan yang dinamis akan memaknai agama. Pandangan keagamaan individu atas keyakinan dan pandangan keberagamaan orang lain, kadangkalanya menuai perdebatan dan persilisihan, hal ini karena factor egosentrisme terhadap pandangan sendiri yang dipaksa terhadap yang lainnya. Seharusnya perbedaan itu dimaknai merupakan Sunnatullah yang harus dijunjung tinggi, harus dibangun ruang dialog yang akan menjadi jalan kebaikan bersama. Ketiga Faktor Psikososial yang mempengaruhi munculnya kesadaran baru perilaku keagamaan masyarakat muslim di Jember dan Lumajang, memiliki corak pemahaman yang kompleks, hal ini karena setiap individu memiliki factor psikososial yang berbeda satu sama lainnya atas dialog dan interaksinya dengan realitas sosialnya. Namun demikian secara umum dapat picu oleh beberapa hal pertama, pandangan mereka tentang Islam menekankan pada keimanan dibandingkan persoalan formalitas keagamaan merupakan pemicu utama lahirnya kesadaran. Kedua, kekecawaan terhadap institusi tokoh agama dan institusi keagamaan, menurut pandangan mereka tidak lagi mencerminkan semangat keagamaan yang sebenarnya. Hal ini karena kesadaran mereka terhadap agama, hanya berkutat pada dalil dan tidak mencerminkan substansi dalil dalam ekspresi keberagamaanya, sehingga jiwa dan sikap teladan jauh dari cerminan perilakunya. Seharusnya bekal pengetahuan agama dan kealimannya, harus dapat mendorongnya menjadi pribadi yang arif, bijaksana dan mampu menjadi teladan ditengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat. Ketiga, lingkungan sosial atau pendidikan yang mewariskan pengetahuan tentang keagamaan seharusnya dapat mendorong pemikiran dan refleksi kritis atas apa yang mereka perbuat untuk menyikapi problem-problem sosial. Artinya kesadaran mereka atas keberagamaan mereka harus melek sosial, bukan hanya melek atas dirinya sendiri yang kurang peduli pada kehidupan sosial.
INTERROGATING ISLAMIC LAW AND POSITIVE LAW AGAINST COUNTERFEIT PRODUCTS IN THE CONSUMER SOCIETY
Authors: Faizah Iva , Kurniawan Zulfa Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Counterfeit goods or what we know as KW goods, that goods with low quality are buying and selling commodities that are very profitable. The fact that Indonesians are known as consumptive people, driven by a large number of Indonesians, the development of technology that facilitates transaction access, and the emergence of various marketplaces that provide counterfeit products are factors that make it easier for people to get the desired counterfeit product. The ease of getting product with the same quality as the original product but have a minimal price is an advantage for the transaction, but that transaction also brings losses, especially for the owner of patent rights on the trademarks of the products being traded, on the condition that the loss is legally violated and provides criminal penalties and fines for the perpetrators, as well as in the point of view of Islamic law. Literatur study is used as a research method used to examine in depth the views of Islamic law and positive law on buying and selling counterfeit products. The results of the analysis state that intellectual property rights in the form of patents, trademarks, copyrights, and so on are seen as one of the huquq maliyyah (property rights) which has legal protection (mashun) like mal (worth) than someone who consciously uses or transacts counterfeit products (KW) on patents, trademarks, copyrights, etc. illegally has committed an injustice and this action is unlawful