bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Herbal Efficacy: Synthesis and Evaluation of Nanosuspension from Withania somnifera Root Extract
Authors: Chauriya Chandrashekhar , Sahu Mahesh , Kumar Vikas , Verma Amita
Published: October 2024

Background: Ayurveda emphasizes the balance of mind, body, and spirit, drawing on ancient texts that highlight the medicinal properties of herbs like Withania somnifera, known for its wide range of therapeutic applications and pharmacological benefits. Commonly referred to as Indian ginseng or Ashwagandha, Withania somnifera, demonstrates a variety of therapeutic effect , including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, sedative, hypnotic, deobstruent effects, narcotic, antioxidant, tonic, antistress, diuretic, aphrodisiac, immunomodulatory, and rejuvenating properties. Nanotechnology, particularly through the development of nanosuspensions, offers a significant advancement in medicine, addressing challenges like poor solubility and low bioavailability of lipophilic drugs. Nanosuspensions can enhance drug safety and efficacy by improving solubility and altering pharmacokinetics.
Methods: This study focuses on formulating and characterizing a nanosuspension using an ethanolic extract of Withania somnifera roots. The nanosuspension (NSWS) underwent comprehensive characterization, utilizing techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, polydispersity index (PDI) assessment, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction analysis, pH measurement, and stability testing. This study seeks to explore the potential of nanosuspensions, aiming to integrate nanotechnology with herbal medicine to improve the safety and efficacy of herbal formulations.
Results: The nanosuspension (NSWS) shown particle size about 133.09 nm, and its uniform particle distribution was indicated by a Polydispersity Index (PDI) about 0.27. Stability and uniformity were further supported by the zeta potential, particle size, and PDI values.
Conclusion: Nanosuspension formulations represents a versatile strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of hydrophobic drugs across various routes of administration.
Keywords: Withania somnifera, Nanosuspension, Characterization, FT-IR, PDI, FESEM
Effectiveness of Contrast Bath and Nerve Gliding Exercises in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Among Software Workers
Authors: Kirupa K. , Anupama Bhimana. , K Muthulakshmi. , K Saraswathi. , Saisanthoshini Sri
Published: October 2024

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a complex symptom resulting from compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel. Locations of monitors, keyboard (or) mouse are associated with musculoskeletal problems. Among musculoskeletal problems, Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is commonly reported in computer professionals. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of contrast bath and nerve gliding exercises for carpal tunnel syndrome in software workers. 30 subjects (20 males and 10 females) were participating in this study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were assigned into groups Group A and B with 15 subjects each. Group A (Experimental group) received Contrast bath and Nerve Gliding Exercises, while Group B (Control group) received conventional exercises for the wrist. The outcome measures used were NPRS and ROM. Statistical analysis was done using paired-t test. On comparing the pre-test and post-tests within Group A & Group B on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), wrist flexion and extension Range of Motion (ROM) show a significant difference in mean values at P ≤ 0.001. There was a significant difference in the mean values of NPRS (6.33 to 3.40), wrist flexion (54.00 to 72.66), and wrist extension (55.66 to 72.80) in subjects from Group A who underwent contrast bath and nerve gliding exercises, compared to the significant difference in the mean values of NPRS (6.26 to 4.46), wrist flexion (53.66 to 63.00), and wrist extension (56.00 to 61.66) in subjects from Group B, which served as the control group.
Landowner economy in the Kazan province in the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Mironova Elena Valeryevna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the economic development of landowners in the Kazan province during the era of serfdom. The source base of the study contains published memoirs of representatives of the nobility, statistical publications, pre-revolutionary studies of the state of agriculture in private farms, as well as archival material containing economic descriptions of 12 districts of the province, compiled by local leaders of the nobility and individual landowners based on the questions of the questionnaire of the Free Economic Society in 1802. The author analyzed the natural and geographical factors that influenced economic life on the estates; characterized the working inventory and showed attempts to modernize it; studied the specialization of estates and identified the economy-forming industries; considered the features of the corvee and quitrent systems of peasant exploitation. In addition, the article shows examples of organizing market-oriented agricultural production. A conclusion is made about the subsistence nature of the landowner economy in the Kazan province in the pre-reform period, in which the sale of surplus did not mean the commercial nature of production. The availability of free labor deprived the incentive to introduce improved methods of land cultivation – use modern equipment, improved varieties of crops, as well as develop industries such as livestock and crop production.
For citation: Mironova E.V. Landowner economy in the Kazan province in the first half of the 19th century. From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2024, vol.14, no.3, pp.118–136. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2024-14-3.118-136 (In Russian)
Book review: Karimov T.T. Tatar land volosts. Volume 1. Bulyarsky volost (Kazan, 2023)
Authors: Aminov Rustem Ravilevich
Published: October 2024

This review is devoted to the analysis of the new work of the historian Tagir Karimov “Tatar land volosts. Volume 1. Bulyarsky volost”. T.T. Karimov is engaged in research into the history of Tatar land volosts, the first monographic experience on this topic was the publication of a book devoted to a detailed analysis of the settlements that were part of the Bulyarsky volost. The author introduced into scientific circulation a huge number of archival sources from the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Information on the population of the settlements in question is especially valuable. At the same time, the researcher quite thoroughly studied the estate structure of the villages of Bulyarsky volost and other settlements, one way or another, associated with this land volost. The work of T.T. Karimov may be of interest to historians, demographers, genealogists, local historians and ethnographers.
For citation: Aminov R.R. Book review: Karimov T.T. Tatar land volosts. Volume 1. Bulyarsky volost (Kazan, 2023). From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2024, vol.14, no.3, pp.166–171. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2024-14-3.166-171 (In Russian)
Comparison of catch efficiency of wire mesh fish traps operated along the coast of Thoothukudi, South-east coast of India
Authors:   Department of Fisheries Engineering and Fishing Technology, FC&RI, Thoothukudi. Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam-611 002, India, Mariappan S. , Ravikumar T. ,   Department of Fisheries Engineering and Fishing Technology, FC&RI, Thoothukudi. Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam-611 002, India, Neethiselvan N. ,   Department of Fisheries Engineering and Fishing Technology, FC&RI, Thoothukudi. Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam-611 002, India, Dineshkumar E. ,   Department of Fisheries Engineering and Fishing Technology, FC&RI, Thoothukudi. Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam-611 002, India, Dhilipmaniraj N. ,   Registrar's Office, Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam-611 002, India, Manickavasagam S. ,   Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Thanjavur, Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Nagapattinam-611 002, India
Published: October 2024

Aim: The study designs and fabricates traps with diverse wire mesh colors and shapes for field experiments. It also collects detailed catch data to assess their catch efficiency and determine the most effective design. Methodology: Experimental fish traps were fabricated utilizing four distinct colors (Light green, Dark green, White and Orange) and three different shapes (rectangle, square and circle). Fishing trials were conducted in selected fishing villages of Thereshpuram, with the traps operated fortnightly from June 2022 to May 2023. The catch rate per trip (CPUE) was calculated using the Total catch (in numbers) divided by the Unit Effort (White, 1987). An economic analysis of trap fishery was also performed based on gross revenue and total cost (Geetha et al., 2014). Results: The traps' overall catch per unit effort (CPUE) was recorded at 0.48Nos hr-1. Siganus canaliculatus emerged as the dominant species among the fishes trapped, constituting 16% of the total catch. Regarding trap color, the highest CPUE was observed with traps of dark green color (0.63 Nos hr-1), followed by light green (0.51 Nos hr-1), white (0.49 Nos hr-1) and orange (0.38 Nos hr-1). Economically, the performance of the trap fishery was evaluated using indicators such as operating cost/year, fixed cost, gross revenue and profit cost ratio. The success of the trap fishery was further emphasized by a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.50. Interpretation: Dark green-colored, square-shaped traps show promise in significantly enhancing fishermen's profits due to their higher catch per unit effort (CPUE) compared to other colors. Moreover, dark green traps may offer ecological advantages by blending into natural surroundings. This study highlights their potential and provides practical insights for fishermen to make informed gear choices, considering factors like color and shape. Key words: BCR, Color, CPUE, Shape, Trap
Long term impact of manuring, fertilization and liming on soil resilience, enzyme activities and productivity under maize-wheat system in an acidic Alfisol
Authors:   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Patil K. , Biswas S. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Mahapatra P. ,   Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi-834 006, India, Purakayastha T.J. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Das D. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Raj R. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Maity P.P. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Singh P. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Rahaman R. ,   ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate the long-term impact of manuring, fertilization and liming on soil resilience, enzyme activities and system productivity under changing climate scenarios. Methodology: The soil samples were collected from 67 year old long-term experiment going on, at Birsa Agricultural University, Jharkhand during 2022-23 under maize-wheat cropping system from seven treatments, viz. T1: control, T2: 100 % N, T3: 100 % FYM, T4: ½ (N+FYM) + PX/2 + KY/2, T5: 100 % NPK, T6: Lime + NPK, T7: Lime + FYM +P(A-X) + K(B-Y). To assess soil resistance and resilience, surface samples were subjected to with and without heat stress (48±2°C for 80 hrs) and substrate addition (0.02 g glucose g-1 soil). Results: Application of FYM/lime with NPK significantly improved bulk density, pH, SOC and system productivity. The highest enzyme activities and cumulative respiration were observed in lime + FYM + P(A-X) + K(B-Y) treatment. It exhibited the highest resistance index (0.92) and resilience index (0.34). Interpretation: The integrated use of inorganic, organic along with liming proved to be a useful management strategy for maintaining soil quality, resistance and resilience, and crop productivity in acid soil of Jharkhand. Key words: Enzyme, Heat stress, Maize-wheat system, Soil acidification, Substrate induced respiration, Wheat-maize
Dynamics of phytoplankton community in relation to environmental variables in tropical mangrove estuary, Sundarbans, India
Authors:   ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Canning Town-743 329, India, Bhutia R.N. , Abhilashwodeyar K. ,   ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Devadas D. ,   ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Mandal U.K. ,   ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Canning Town-743 329, India, Sreekanth G.B. ,   ICAR- Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Goa-403 402, India, Landge A.T. ,   ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Jaiswar A.K. ,   ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Deshmukhe G. ,   ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai-400 061, India, Burman D. ,   ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Canning Town-743 329, India
Published: October 2024

Aim: To explore the spatio-temporal variation of phytoplankton diversity and community structure, in response to associated environmental variables in Matla estuary, Sundarbans, India. Methodology: Monthly sampling was carried out from August 2022 to July 2023 at three locations within the estuary. Plankton was identified and its dynamics were studied in relation to the environment variables. Results: A total of 38 genera of phytoplankton, belonging to 8 classes, were identified. Spatial diversity was high in the upper reaches of the estuary, while temporal diversity peaked during the monsoon season. The majority of the abundance (96%) was contributed by four classes: Coscinodiscophyceae (35%), Mediophyceae (27%), Bacillariophyceae (25%) and Dinophyceae (9%). Bacillariophyceae exhibited higher species richness, while Coscinodiscophyceae dominated in terms of density. Cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed four separate groups with varying spatio-temporal attributes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) post-hoc tests highlighted significant variations in environmental parameters across seasons. Various phytoplankton groups were positively correlated with the physio-chemical parameters such as temperature, alkalinity, free CO2, NO3, NO2, silicate, temperature, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-a. Biota-environment stepwise analysis (BIO-ENV) underscored the importance of air temperature and free CO2 (ρ= 0.4929) as key factors shaping phytoplankton distribution and community structure. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) further showed the significant influence of parameters such as temperature, silicate, nitrite and orthophosphate on the phytoplankton community. Interpretation: Finding of this study enriches our comprehension of estuarine ecosystem dynamics, and this information may serve as a baseline study and thereby aid in framing management measures for long-term conservation and management of both biotic and abiotic components within estuaries. Key words: Environmental variables, Estuary, Mangrove, Phytoplankton, Sundarbans
Enriched Linz-Donawitz (LD) slag application for improving grain yield and quality of wheat grown under nutritionally poor degraded soil
Authors:   Nutri-Cereals Research Station, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Khokhar S.K. , Goyal V. ,   Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Kumar N. ,   College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India, Usha K. ,   Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Pandey V. ,   Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Sharma J. ,   Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Gupta C.K. ,   Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Singh B. ,   Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India
Published: October 2024

Aim: To evaluate the impact of enriched steel slag on the physico-chemical characteristics of soil and yield attributes of wheat under poor quality degraded soil. Methodology: Steel slag was biologically and organically amended with natural sources of phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) and characterized for its nutrient content along with biological activity. The impact of resultant products was assessed on soil quality and yield component traits of wheat for two consecutive years (2021-2022 and 2022-23). Results: Application of slag based products significantly (p<0.05) improved the plant height, biological yield, grain yield and ear bearing tillers (EBT) of wheat even with 80% of recommended fertilizer dose (NPK). Further, in comparison to control, a moderation of soil pH (8.6 to 8.8), EC (0.18 to 0.20 dS m-1), OC (0.22 to 0.24 %) and essential mineral macronutrients viz., N (126 to 130 kg N ha-1), P (8.0 to 13.0 kg ha-1), K (100 to 125 kg ha-1) were observed with the application of amended steel slag products. No significant change with respect to existing heavy metal concentration viz., Co, Ni, Cd and Pb in soil was observed when supplemented with amended slag products. Interpretation: Steel slag can be transformed favorably for on-farm application to improve wheat yield besides serving as an environmentally sustainable alternate of soil conditioner for the management of degraded soil. Key words: Degraded soil, Heavy metals, Steel slag, Waste management, Wheat
Impact of different natural hosts and meridic diet on fatty acid profiling of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) vis-à-vis reproductive physiology
Authors:   Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Kumar H. , Sagar D. ,   Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru-560 024, India, Keerthi M.C. ,   Division of Entomology and Nematology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 089, India, Sharma M. ,   Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Singh S. ,   Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Subramanian S. ,   Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study was undertaken to document the influence of natural hosts and meridic diet on fatty acid profiling vis-a-vis reproductive physiology of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). Methodology: S. litura were larvae fed on various hosts (castor, cauliflower, cabbage and tomato) and meridic diet. After emergence, the adults were frozen in liquid nitrogen. Fatty acid analysis was conducted by Fatty Acid Methyl Esters through gas chromatography (MIDI Sherlock, 2006). Results: One-way ANOVA and Principal component analysis (PCA) of fatty acid biomarkers from emerged adults showed that the insects reared on meridic diet had the highest percent of linoleic acid (18:2) and oleic acid (18:1) fatty acids, which are mainly responsible for insect reproduction. Interestingly, reproduction related fatty acids were distributed proportionally in case of adults emerged from meridic diet fed larvae. Interpretation: Fatty acid profile can be used as a surrogate marker to assess the reproductive fitness of insects. The study also concluded that the meridic diet would be an alternate choice in the absence of natural hosts for mass rearing of S. litura throughout the year. Key words: Fatty acid, Meridic diet, Oleicacid, Principal component analysis, Spodoptera litura
Eco-friendly formulation preparation of fungal biopesticide Metarhizium anisopliae and its impact on the viability, insecticidal activity and pesticidal compatibility
Authors:   Centre for Applied Research, SaveethaSchool of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai−602 105, India, Avinash G.P. , Karthick Raja Namasivayam S. ,   Centre for Applied Research, SaveethaSchool of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai−602 105, India, Arvind Bharani R.S. ,   Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Madras Medical College, Chennai−600 008, India, Samrat K. ,   Department of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru−560 054, India, Tamilselvi M. ,   Centre for Bio-resource Research and Development (C-BIRD), Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai − 600119, India
Published: October 2024

Aim: The present investigation evaluated the effect of various formulations on the viability, pesticide compatibility and biocontrol potential of fungal biopesticidal agent Metarhizium anisopliae under laboratory conditions. Methodology: Soil isolate of M. anisopliae biomass was formulated with different oils like sunflower, groundnut, neem oil, water and diesel using green principles. Results: Sunflower oil recorded maximum viability among the formulations, revealing 91.4% formulation efficacy, followed by groundnut oil, which showed 87.2% efficacy. The viability of the fungal isolate was found to be low in diesel formulation, which showed 69.2% formulation efficacy. A compatibility study revealed that sunflower oil formulation showed high tolerance to all the tested pesticides. Sunflower oil formulation also showed a high rate of mortality against S. litura. Interpretation: The present study suggests using oil formulation as an effective carrier for the fungal biopesticide Metarhizium anisopliae with high compatibility and viability. Key words: Biopesticide, Fungal strains, Metarhizium anisopliae, Sunflower oil
Axiomática del conjunto de las frecuencias musicales en una octava
Authors: Molina-García Juan Alberto
Published: October 2024

La mayor parte de los trabajos que relacionan las matemáticas con las frecuencias musicales se basan en el fenómeno físico armónico, los sistemas de afinación y la teoría de escalas bien formadas. En este artículo se estudia el vínculo entre las notas (frecuencias) musicales en el ámbito de una octava y la teoría axiomática de conjuntos, el álgebra de grupos y el análisis real. Se llega a la conclusión de que el conjunto de las notas (frecuencias) musicales en una octava está bien ordenado y cumple el axioma del supremo. Además, el conjunto de los intervalos (frecuencias) musicales en una octava, con la operación interna suma, tiene estructura de grupo conmutativo. También se muestran otros resultados de la teoría algebraica de grupos.
Impacto bibliométrico de la productividad científica de los docentes de los programas de fonoaudiología de Santander y Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Rodriguez-Zambrano Brisvany Andrea , Zambrano-Medina Nixon Albeiro , Vera-Antolinez Andreina Constanza , Llanos-Redondo Andrés , Castro-Escobar Sandra Milena
Published: October 2024

La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) resalta que la investigación es esencial para resolver los diferentes problemas que pueden surgir en la salud pública. Y desde la Fonoaudiología se busca dar aportes significativos a las diversas áreas que éste profesional desempeña.  MÉTODO: Estudio bibliométrico descriptivo del impacto de la producción científica de los docentes de los programas de fonoaudiología de tres Universidades de los departamentos de Santander y Norte de Santander. Se indagó la producción científica y su impacto en Publish or Perish y Scopus con los cuales se hizo un análisis descriptivo considerando las medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión a través del Software SPSS versión 25.0. RESULTADOS: Hay mayor producción de artículos en la Universidad de Pamplona con un total de 81, de los cuales han sido citados 316 veces, mientras que la Universidad de Santander cuenta con 16 artículos publicados y 89 citas obteniéndose un promedio de 5,56, siendo menor su producción, pero con mayor impacto. ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN: La creación de nuevos conocimientos mediante la investigación y la innovación forma una infraestructura social, científica y tecnológica productiva de las Universidades, contribuyendo al desarrollo humano, social y económico. El impacto de la investigación es fundamental medirse, porque las Universidades son y deben ser productoras permanentes y continuas de propiedad intelectual, conocimiento y recursos. CONCLUSIONES: De la población objeto de estudio pertenecientes a las Universidades de Santander y Norte de Santander; la Universidad de Pamplona es la que mayor impacto tiene en la producción científica.
Análisis al Sistema de inventarios de una institución Educativa de la Ciudad de Cúcuta
Authors: Vega-Caballero Lizeth Gabriela , Rueda-Vera Gerson , Niño-Rondón Carlos Vicente
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo aborda la gestión de inventarios en el Instituto Salesiano San Juan Bosco, destacando su importancia en el contexto educativo dinámico actual para asegurar el flujo operativo y disponibilidad de recursos esenciales. Utilizando un enfoque mixto de métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, se realizó un estudio descriptivo y correlacional para evaluar la gestión actual. Se analizó el estado de los bienes, encontrando que la mayoría se halla en buen estado (59.3%), aunque un porcentaje considerable requiere atención (29.2%) y algunos muestran deterioro (11.5%). Se identificaron debilidades en el proceso de inventariado, como la rotación sin aviso previo y condiciones de almacenamiento mejorables. Se recomienda implementar un sistema de control más riguroso y tecnologías avanzadas para mejorar la eficiencia. Además, se propone revisar periódicamente la política de inventario y capacitar al personal en mejores prácticas. La optimización del espacio de almacenamiento también se sugiere para mejorar la organización y recuperación de los bienes. Estas medidas permitirán mejorar la gestión de inventarios y, por ende, la calidad de los servicios educativos ofrecidos por la institución.
Joint Characteristics of Cu-Ni Alloy Fabricated by GTAW and MPAW Processes: A Comparative Study
Authors: Dwibedi Swagat , Bag Swarup
Published: October 2024

The current work presents a comparative analysis of the joint behavior of Cu-Ni alloy weldments fabricated by Micro-Plasma Arc Welding (MPAW) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) processes. The Cu-Ni alloy thin sheets are fabricated at different values of heat input (~40-135 J/mm) by MPAW and GTAW processes, respectively. Further, to evaluate their characteristics, joints are subjected to metallurgical, mechanical, and electrochemical testing. The joints fabricated with a higher magnitude of heat input resulted in deteriorated surface quality with a value of Ra~ 6.13 μm. The increased surface roughness value of the joints resulted in a higher corrosion rate (1.273 mm/year). A finer microstructural morphology is achieved for lower heat input condition. Accordingly, the weldment exhibited higher joint efficiency of ~91%.The prominent reason for achieving higher joint strength is related to the presence of lower secondary dendritic arm spacing (SDAS), which enhances the joint strength and ductility for the joints as compared to higher SDAS value. Further, the micro-fractography analysis reveals the presence of micro/macro-voids for high heat input, whereas the existence of numerous dimples of varying size and depth is observed for low heat input condition, implying the role of heat input of utmost importance.
Welding of Steel - Its Mechanism and Applications in Multiple Sectors
Authors: Vaish A. K. , Patel Ritesh , Chauhan B. J. , Kahar S. D. , Bhojani Ankit , Bhaisaheb K. M. , Narayana Keshva
Published: October 2024

Among different metals steel can be easily welded and welded steel has required strength, good ductility and sufficient resistance to general corrosion media. Since steel welding is being used in all types of fabrication industries, the mechanism of steel welding has been explored for different types of steel along with its multiple applications.
Brand Performance Development: Synthesis and Research Agenda
Authors: Saldarriaga-Romero Víctor Jaime , Muñoz Molina Yaromir , Velásquez Ceballos Hermilson
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to analyze the existing literature between 2010-2022 that covers brand performance as a highly relevant issue in the field of Brand Management and provide an accurate mapping of theoretical contributions by studying research outcomes, methods, approaches, and measurements, across empirical studies (MacInnis, 2011). Considering the potential influence of internal and external factors of the organization on brand performance, there needs to be more conceptual development and a systematic examination of how researchers in brand management should conceptualize and measure brand performance properly. The findings and future research agenda are presented under the TCCM Framework proposed by Paul and Rosado-Serrano (2019). The results suggest that 1) analyzing the characteristics and context of the market in which the brand is present before the definition of its evaluation is of the utmost importance, due to brand performance is the result of synergistic relationships between different internal and external factors, and stakeholders of the organization; 2) previous studies had focused on addressing multinational brands in developed markets, which make necessary to build new knowledge by considering the smaller brands, different types of markets and economies; and 3) identifying determinants of brand performance is as relevant as measuring it. Finally, we contributed with additional and actionable steps for researchers to systematically improve research and managerial practice in the future.
Preface/Acknowledgments
Authors: Evert Alison B. , Franz Marion J.
Published: October 2024

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is an evidence-based application of the Nutrition Care Process (nutrition assessment/reassessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention, and nutrition monitoring and evaluation) provided by registered dietitian nutritionists (RDN). Nutrition therapy is the treatment of a disease or condition through the modification of nutrient or whole-food intake.
2. Macronutrients and Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes
Authors: MacLeod Janice S. , Franz Marion J.
Published: October 2024

Highlights: Macronutrient Distribution for Diabetes Nutrition Therapy; Carbohydrate and Diabetes Nutrition Therapy; Protein and Diabetes Nutrition Therapy; Fat and Diabetes Nutrition Therapy; Summary of Recommendations for Macronutrients
6. Nutrition Therapy for Adults with Type 1 and Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Evert Alison B.
Published: October 2024

Highlights: Introduction; Nutrition Therapy and Prandial Dosing; Interventions for Type 1 Diabetes; Increasing Accuracy of Prandial Insulin Dose Determination; Nutrition Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes and Prandial Dosing Interventions; Postprandial Glycemia and Diabetes Complications; Other Diabetes Medications for Treating Postprandial Hyperglycemia; Factors That May Affect Long-Term Adherence to Diabetes Eating Plans; Summary of Nutrition Therapy for Adults with Type 1 and Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes
9. Nutrition Therapy for Older Adults with Diabetes
Authors: Stanley Kathleen
Published: October 2024

Highlights: Diabetes in the Older Adult; Review of Existing Diabetes Nutrition Recommendations for Older Adults; Effectiveness of Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy in Older Adults; Nutrition Therapy for Older Adults with Diabetes; Diabetes Nutrition Therapy for Elderly in Health-Care Facilities; Practice-Based Diabetes Nutrition Therapy Interventions; Summary of Nutrition Therapy for Older Adults with Diabetes
12. Nutrition Therapy for the Hospitalized and Long-Term Care Patient with Diabetes
Authors: Swift Carrie S.
Published: October 2024

Highlights—Hospital Care: Evidence for Improved Inpatient Glycemic Management; Nutrition Therapy in the Hospital Setting; Nutrition Support; Future Areas for Diabetes Nutrition Therapy in Hospitals; Highlights—Long-Term Care; Diabetes Nutrition Therapy in Long-Term Care; Summary of Nutrition Therapy in Long-Term Care
13. Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes: Hypoglycemia and Sick Days
Authors: Freeman Janine
Published: October 2024

Highlights—Hypoglycemia: Treatment-Induced Hypoglycemia; Treatment of Hypoglycemia; Prevention of Hypoglycemia; Summary of Recommendations for Hypoglycemia; Highlights—Sick Days Management of Diabetes during Sick Days; Summary of Recommendations for Sick Days
14. Diabetes and Weight Management
Authors: Brown Catherine
Published: October 2024

Highlights: Introduction Lifestyle Interventions Weight-Loss Medications Metabolic Surgery Summary of Diabetes and Weight Management
15. Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes and Lipid Disorders
Authors: Santora Zimmerman Jacqueline , Karmally Wahida
Published: October 2024

Highlights: Evidence for Nutrition Recommendations for Disorders of Lipid Metabolism in People with Diabetes; Nutrition Recommendations for Disorders of Lipid Metabolism in Diabetes
20. Nutrition Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes
Authors: Brunzell Carol
Published: October 2024

Highlights: Nutrition Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis; Clinical Care Guidelines for Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes; Nutrition Therapy for Pregnancy with Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes; Mellitus in Cystic Fibrosis; Hypoglycemia in Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes; Prediabetes/Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Cystic Fibrosis; Summary of Nutrition Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes
Vocal Music in Autism Therapy: Progress and Potential
Authors: Peng Edison , Fan Xiujun
Published: October 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Over time, the understanding of ASD has evolved, moving beyond early misconceptions to a more comprehensive view of its diverse symptoms and potential therapeutic strategies. Despite notable advancements, current interventions remain limited, highlighting the need for more innovative and effective approaches. This paper explores the therapeutic potential of music, with a focus on vocal music, in individuals with ASD. It examines the correlation between music therapy and improvements in emotional regulation, social skills, and communication abilities among autistic individuals. Additionally, the paper investigates the possible underlying mechanisms of vocal music therapy, including how it engages both hemispheres of the brain, enhances neuro-connectivity, and promotes the release of endorphins that contribute to emotional well-being. The potential of AI technology to personalize and optimize music therapy interventions is also explored. This review aims to synthesize the growing body of evidence supporting music, particularly vocal music, as a valuable tool in autism therapy, offering promising avenues for enhancing the quality of life for individuals on the autism spectrum.
Just Give Me A Reason: How goal setting increases the number of blood donations
Authors: Schloffer Judith , Foscht Thomas , Wu Lan , Maloles Cesar
Published: October 2024

In general, there is a positive attitude towards blood donation but only a very small percentage of the population are eligible to donate blood actually does. Based on ability-opportunity-motivation theory and goal-setting theory, we espouse that asking potential donors to commit to a donation goal in the form of a specific reason for donating blood increases donation frequency.
In an online experiment with a sample of 168 respondents conducted in Austria, different donation goals were developed based on medical data and tested. As a result, we were able to show that asking people to “just” donate, which is currently the standard communication approach of many blood donation organizations, if applied to 100 potential donors would result in 98 blood donations. However, motivating blood donors to reach a goal that requires multiple blood donations more than doubles the number of blood donations over the course of a year. If we think one step further and have potential blood donors select the most appropriate donation goal for them based on the effectiveness, this will triple the amount of blood donated compared to "just donate blood again”.
The goal of blood donor organizations should therefore be to use appropriate communication measures to encourage potential blood donors to commit to a blood donation goal that suits them best. This could then motivate them to donate blood more frequently, which would increase the amount of blood donated and secure a continuous supply of much-needed blood.
'Learning the Ropes' in a Psychologically Safe Healthcare Environment
Authors: Joshy Lishin
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The main objective of the study is to examine the associations between organizational socialization, psychological safety and job involvement of newly hired nursing professionals in India through the lens of ‘Conservation of resources theory’. The study also explored psychological safety as a mechanism linking organizational socialization and job involvement.Design/Methodology: Data was collected from 286 Indian nursing professionals who recently joined their respective organizations. The cross-sectional data was analyzed using IBM SPSS and POCESS macro model 4.
Outcomes: The results reveal that organizational socialization is positively associated with nursing professionals' job involvement, and that this relationship is mediated by feelings of psychological safety.
Conclusions: Healthcare organizations can translate the findings into organizational advantages by institutionalizing organizational socialization and thereby increasing job involvement. It was identified that nursing professionals who have undergone organizational socialization processes experience psychological safety, and that it is the latter that is the link between organizational socialization and job-involvement.
The Impact of Job Crafting Dimensions on Work Engagement Among Nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
Authors: Alkhraishi Mohammed Yousef , Yesiltas Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Work significantly influences individual well-being and human growth. Jobs are not solely formulated by companies based on their needs but are also actively modified by the individuals who hold those positions. High-stress professions, such as nursing, highlight how stress levels are influenced by factors like resource availability, patient demands, colleague interactions, and workplace cultural dynamics. Hence, this study investigates the effect of job crafting dimensions on work engagement, and examines psychological capital's mediating role in this relationship. It aims to reveal how job crafting can improve both personal and organizational well-being.
This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted with 348 nurses at Al Dhafra Hospitals in Abu Dhabi, UAE. The analysis utilized in this study was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through SmartPLS 4 and SPSS version 27 for descriptive and correlation analysis.
The findings demonstrate that the impacts of job crafting dimensions—task crafting, cognitive crafting, and relational crafting—on work engagement and psychological capital are statistically significant. Additionally, the influence of psychological capital on work engagement is statistically significant. Path analysis revealed that psychological capital mediates the interaction between job crafting dimensions and work engagement. These relationships were shown to be statistically significant.
This study reinforces the significance of psychological capital and job crafting dimensions as crucial attributes in the workplace. Hence, it advocates for the healthcare industry to consider the implementation of targeted programs aimed at fostering these attributes within nursing teams. Such strategic initiatives are poised to improve individual well-being among nurses, which is expected to result in enhanced organizational efficiency and a notable decrease in turnover rates over time.
Investigating Leadership: Reflections on the methodological choices used to research how allied health clinicians are enabled to step into health systems leadership roles
Authors: George Rebecca Kate , Webster Karen , Kayes Nicola
Published: October 2024

This article examines the methodological choices made for a research study into Health Systems Leadership. Reflections on key learnings are provided as a way of offering insight for researchers navigating these decisions for the first time. Embarking on qualitative research to effect change is purposeful but challenging; choosing the most appropriate methodology and methods can often be confounding and stressful for new researchers. This article explores the decision to use Interpretive Descriptive methodology with an Appreciative Inquiry lens and makes visible decision junctures in the development of this research. Literature provides a wealth of expert guidance and excellent insights into research methodology and methods. However, very little expounds on the learnings of those who have gone before and what their insights and learnings may be. Research into allied health clinicians and their journey into health systems leadership roles provides an opportunity to reflect on an applied research journey.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of different treatment methods for acne in children and adolescents
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Korotkiy V.N.
Published: October 2024

Acne is a widespread dermatological disease affecting children and adolescents that requires the use of innovative approaches to its treatment with the purpose of not only improving the patient's condition but also to minimize the treatment costs. The purpose of this research was to analyze the clinical efficacy, safety and economic feasibility of the use of the cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in the acne therapy. Materials and methods used: the study included 176 pediatric patients aged 10 to 18 y/o (ME 16 y/o, M:F gender ratio 1:1.2) who were divided into groups depending on the severity of acne as follows: G1 with mild acne, G2 with moderate acne, and randomized into subgroups depending on the treatment methods (TM) as follows: TM1 for monotherapy with a combined external drug containing 0.1% adapalene with 2.5% benzoyl peroxide in the form of a gel, TM2 for CAP monotherapy and TM3 for combined therapy consisting of external therapy with a gel containing 0.1% adapalene with 2.5% benzoyl peroxide and the CAP treatment. The severity of acne was assessed using the acne dermatological index (ADI) and the clinical efficacy was assessed by achieving ADI0, ADI75, and ADI50. Skin moisture and pH were measured in all patients both prior to and immediately after the treatment using the PH98110 pH meter (by Kelilong, China). Adverse events (AE) were assessed during the study. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used in the pharmacoeconomic analysis. Results: during treatment in the TM1 subgroups, the full clinical effect (DIA0) was achieved in 88.89% of cases with mild acne and in 61.76% of cases with moderate acne, in the TM2 s/g, the full clinical effect was achieved in 95.24% and 68.57% of cases and in the TM3 s/g in 100% and 88.24% of cases, respectively. After the treatment, the skin pH values in patients of the TM1 s/g, G1 and G2 became lower than the reference values, TM2 and TM3 s/gs of both groups returned to normal. Skin moisture after treatment decreased in the TM1 s/g of both groups, remained the same in the TM2 s/g and the TM3 s/g of G1 and approached to normal in the TM2, TM3 s/gs of G2. AEs (lichenification, erythema and/or burning sensation of the skin) were observed in patients of s/gs TM1 and TM3 and were mild (n=24) or moderate (n=25) in severity. The ICER coefficient for the TM1 v TM3 pairwise comparison was 324,254.55 Russian rubles for G1, 184,060.00 Russian rubles for G2, and for the TM2 v TM3 comparison 25,333.33 Russian rubles for G1, 12,800.00 Russian rubles for G2, which is statistically significant (p=0.001 and p=0.04, respectively) and indicates high economic feasibility of using the TM3. Conclusion: the use of CAP in the treatment of mild to moderate acne is effective, safe and cost-effective as well.
Clinical case of severe foodborne botulism in a child: diagnostic difficulties and treatment tactics
Authors:   M.P. Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products (“Institute of Poliomyelitis”) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia, Shakaryan A.K. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Zvereva N.N. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Demkina A.M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Volkov K.S. ,   Moscow Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia, Bazarova M.V. ,   Moscow Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2024

Practitioners’ alertness of botulism in children decreases due to the rarity of its cases. Early diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms though the clinical manifestations may also escalate rapidly and further lead to misdiagnosis. Patients with suspected botulism require immediate hospitalization due to the high risk for paralysis of respiratory muscles and the need for mechanical ventilation. The timely administration of the antitoxin is crucial. However, maximum allowable time of its administration counting from the onset is still a subject to discussion among physicians. Authors represent a clinical case of late diagnosis of severe foodborne botulism in a 5 y/o pediatric patient with the development of tetraplegia, paralysis of cranial nerves, mechanical ventilation for 148 days, the beginning of motor recovery on the 10th day and antitoxin administration on the 18th day counting from the onset of paralysis that all let to the full motor recovery after 20 months. The difficulties of diagnosis in the acute period and both laboratory and instrumental studies are described. The questions of the duration and the necessity of the administration of botulinum antitoxin in this particular clinical case of late diagnosis are discussed as well.
Sixty years of improvement, overcoming and achievements: anniversary of the Russia’s first hematological clinic
Authors:   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Tiganova O.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Kondratchik K.L. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Rumyantsev A.G. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia,   Editorial of the Journal PEDIATRIA named after G.N. Speransky, Moscow, Russia,   Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2024

For citation: O.A. Tiganova, K.L. Kondratchik, A.G. Rumyantsev. Sixty years of improvement, overcoming and achievements: anniversary of the Russia’s first hematological clinic. Pediatria n.a. G.N. Speransky. 2024; 103 (5): 152-155. DOI: 10.24110/0031-403X-2024-103-5-152-155.