bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly-Sensitive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy System for Remote Monitoring of Concrete Structures
Authors: Tsuno Kazuhiro ,   Shutoko Engineering Co., Ltd. 3-10-11 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 205-0001, Japan, Akahori Yutaka , Yui Toshiya , Furukawa Hiromitsu , Watanabe Anri , Fujimaki Makoto , Oto Masanori , Katsuyama Tsukuru , Iguchi Yasuhiro , Inada Hiroshi , Minagawa Hiroshi ,   National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan,   Fuji Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan,   Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Yokohama, Japan,   Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
Published: May 2017

Salt- or neutralization-induced damage of reinforced concrete structures significantly affects their durability. Because most large-scale infrastructures, such as bridges, urban tunnels, and seawalls, are made of reinforced concrete, developing efficient and accurate methods or devices for early detection of concrete structure damage is important for disaster prevention. Moreover, the cost of a life cycle of a concrete structure can be much lower if surface degradation can be detected and preventive maintenance performed.

In this paper, we report the development status of a remote monitoring system that implements remote imaging and diagnosis of the concrete surface degradation. The system consists of a high-sensitivity spectrometer and signal analysis software.

The first prototype of the spectrometer was developed using a large-aperture and lossless optical system and a near-infrared camera. Near infrared spectra of samples that simulated salt damage were captured and diagnosed, to analyze the system’s performance. Then, specimens of pure materials constituting concrete were measured, and their absorption spectra were analyzed. Based on the absorption spectra it was concluded that the absorption characteristics of these substances had no influence on the quantification of Friedel’s salt.

The prototype machine for field testing has been developed. Using this machine, a series of remote measurement of surface water with up to 10m distance was conducted. And also, measurement of surface degradation on actual concrete structures has been started, to validate the approach.

The developed system is expected to rationalize inspection of concrete structures by enabling effective imaging and objective diagnosis of degradation, which will help to clarify which parts or sections of structures need intensive inspection for preventive maintenance.
On-Site Non-Destructive Inspection of Bridges Using the 950 keV X-Band Electron Linac X-ray Source
Authors: Uesaka Mitsuru ,   Nuclear Professional School, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo  Shirakata-shirane 2-22, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1188, Japan, Mitsuya Yuki , Hashimoto Eiko , Dobashi Katsuhiro , Yano Ryota , Takeuchi Hiroaki , Bereder Jean-Michel , Kusano Joichi , Tanabe Eiji , Maruyama Natsuyo , Hattori Yukiya , Tatewaka Masahiro , Ono Hironobu , Murata Kentaro , Koishikawa Atsushi , Kaibuki Futoshi , Sakurai Hideo , Seki Yoshichika , Oshima Yoshinobu , Ishida Masahiro ,   Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,   Accuthera Inc., Kanagawa, Japan,   Hitachi Power Solutions Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan,   KANTOGIKEN Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan,   XIT Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan,   Atomy Research Inc., Japan,   SAKURAI and Associates Inc., Japan,   J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan,   Center for Advanced Engineering Structural Assessment and Research, Public Works Research Institute, Ibaraki, Japan
Published: May 2017

Regular diagnosis of the structural health of infrastructure, such as bridges, is indispensable to ensure safety and reliable operation of the society. Non-destructive tests based on X-ray imaging are powerful tools to inspect the inside of a concrete structure in detail. Establishing a diagnostic method of bridges based on X-ray visualization is required to examine the internal conditions and helps in the rationalization of maintenances. We demonstrated our 950 keV X-band electron linac based X-ray source for on-site actual bridge inspection and visualized the inner structure of a bottom floor slab. For the more precise inspection of the conditions of wires and rods, we applied three-dimensional image reconstruction methods for bridge mock-up samples. Partial angle computed tomography and tomosynthesis gave cross section images of the samples with 1 mm resolution. We are planning to investigate another part of the bridge, with the 950 keV X-ray system in the near future.
Research and Development of a Non-Destructive Inspection Technique with a Compact Neutron Source
Authors: Otake Yoshie ,   RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, Seki Yoshichika , Wakabayashi Yasuo , Ikeda Yoshimasa , Hashiguchi Takao , Yoshimura Yuichi , Sunaga Hideyuki , Taketani Atsushi , Mizuta Maki , Oshima Yoshinobu , Ishida Masahiro ,   J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan,   Center for Advanced Engineering Structural Assessment and Research, Public Works Research Institute, Ibaraki, Japan
Published: May 2017

Neutrons have the power to penetrate metals or heavy elements such as calcium, silicon, and iron. Neutrons also have high sensitivity, so they can be used to detect elements such as boron and chlorine. An accelerator-driven, compact neutron system has been developed in RIKEN for practical use on job sites.

In this paper, a pixel imaging detector for fast neutrons with energy levels above 1 MeV is developed and used to produce images of an iron rod and air pockets through 30 cm of concrete. Also, the salt concentrations of 4 cm- and 5 cm-thick mortar blocks are measured, and a correlation diagram is obtained for up to 1 kg/m3.
Assessment of Sedimentation in Wlingi and Lodoyo Reservoirs: A Secondary Disaster Following the 2014 Eruption of Mt. Kelud, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Fahmi ,   Research and Development Bureau, Jasa Tirta I Public Corporation Jl. Surabaya 2A, Malang, Indonesia, Juwono Pitojo T. , Suharyanto Agus , Pujiraharjo Alwafi , Legono Djoko , Sisinggih Dian , Neil David , Fujita Masaharu , Sumi Tetsuya ,   Civil Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,   Water Resources Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,   Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia,   Centre for Advanced Research on Global Change, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment (HUNRE), Hanoi, Viet Nam,   Sedimentation Disasters Laboratory, Research Center for Fluvial and Coastal Disasters, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,   Water Resources Research Center, Socio and Eco Environment Risk Management, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Published: May 2017

Wlingi and Lodoyo reservoirs in the Brantas River basin, Indonesia, provide numerous benefits including reliable irrigation water supply, flood control, power generation, fisheries and recreation. The function of both reservoirs particularly in relation to flood control has declined due to severe sedimentation that has reduced their storage capacities. The sedimentation in Wlingi and Lodoyo reservoirs is mainly caused by sediment inflow from the areas most affected by ejecta from eruptions of Mt. Kelud, one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. The main objective of this research is to assess the sedimentation problem in Wlingi and Lodoyo reservoirs, particularly as they are affected by eruptions of Mt Kelud. We performed reservoir bathymetric surveys and field surveys after the most recent eruption of Mt. Kelud in February 2014 and compared the results with surveys undertaken before the eruption. The assessment revealed that both reservoirs were severely affected by the 2014 eruption. The effective storage capacity of Wlingi reservoir in March 2013 was 2.01 Mm3and the survey in May 2015 indicated that the effective storage of Wlingi reservoir had decreased to 1.01 Mm3. Similarly, the effective storage capacity of Lodoyo reservoir in March 2013 was 2.72 Mm3, reduced to 1.33 Mm3in May 2015. These findings underpin the analysis of the impacts of the secondary disaster due to reservoir sedimentation following the volcanic eruption and the implications for mitigating and managing the risks for sustainable use of reservoirs to control floods, supply water, generate electricity, etc. To cope with the extreme sedimentation problem in Wlingi and Lodoyo reservoirs, diverse sediment management strategies have been applied in these reservoirs and their catchments. However sediment disaster management strategies for both reservoirs, an integral part of the Mt. Kelud Volcanic Disaster Mitigation Plan, require continuous maintenance and recurrent operations, and ongoing evaluation and improvement.
Lightning Risk: An Under-Valued Disaster?
Authors: K Salini
Published: May 2017

Lightning is a very common natural phenomenon which primarily solicits little attention. In this climate – allied innate localized activity, high electric charges are generated which cause disastrous outcomes, both physically and economically. Many lives are burnt and severe losses are suffered due to this natural disaster. But, it is often doubted that the deaths and economic losses due to lightening are under reported. Many reasons are cited as difficult in getting authentic figures, inadequacy of the government rules in the reporting areas etc. Disaster relief is also outside the sphere of such calamity. Comparison between the loss figures due to lightning with other disaster loss figures also reveals that the former ranks higher than the latter. Still, many of the lightning disasters are not properly accounted and recompensed by National Calamity and Relief Fund or any other such Relief Funds. The article is an attempt to see the depth of such an issue and major challenges faced by the victims to get the compensation from the authorities. Also, suggestions are sought to arrive at a satisfying solution to such an unnoticed problem.
Productivity Change Trend Analysis of Thai Maize Production: An Application of Malmquist Productivity Index Approach
Authors: Phongphanich Bamrungphong , Peng Ke-Chung
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze the productivity change of Thai maize production by using Malmquist productivity index (MPI) approach from the year 2008to 2015. The results analysis found that the maize productivity change in Thailand over study periods had the average productivity progression at 1.6% and its cause was the technical efficiency change and the technological change. However, some provinces still need to be improved the change of productivity. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the North had a productivity progression about 4.6%. Meanwhile, the Northeast and Central revealed a productivity regression at 0.4 and 1.1%, respectively. Based on the empirical finding, this study could provide important information for proposing policy implications which will be useful to the government, farmers, maize research institutes, and development partners for enhancing the sustainable maize productivity trend in some provinces of Thailand.
Major Concerns for Education Loans in Kerala
Authors: John Minu
Published: May 2017

The importance of education loan us underscored by the state’ ranking as the most literate in the country. The local dynastic precursors of modern day Kerala- primarily the Travancore Royal Family, the Christian Missionaries, the Nair Service Society, Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP Yogam) and Muslim Educational Society (MES) –made significant contributions to the progress on education in Kerala. There were many sabtha mathams that imparted Vedic knowledge. Apart from kalaris, which taught martial arts, there were village schools run by Ezuthachans or Asans. Christian missionaries brought the modern education system to Kerala.
Centroid Based Classifier With TF – IDF – ICF for Classfication of Student’s Complaint at Appliation E-Complaint in Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo
Authors: Rosid Mochamad Alfan , Gunawan Gunawan , Pramana Edwin
Published: May 2017

Text mining mengacu pada proses mengambil informasi berkualitas tinggi dari teks. Informasi berkualitas tinggi biasanya diperoleh melalui peramalan pola dan kecenderungan melalui sarana seperti pembelajaran pola statistik. Salah satu kegiatan penting dalam text mining adalah klasifikasi atau kategorisasi teks. Kategorisasi teks sendiri saat ini memiliki berbagai metode antara lain metode K-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayes, dan Centroid Base Classifier, atau decision tree classification.Pada penelitian ini, klasifikasi keluhan mahasiswa dilakukan dengan metode centroid based classifier dan dengan fitur TF-IDF-ICF, Ada lima tahap yang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil klasifikasi. Tahap pengambilan data keluhan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tahap preprosesing yaitu mempersiapkan data yang tidak terstruktur sehingga siap digunakan untuk proses selanjutnya, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses pembagian data, data dibagi menjadi dua macam yaitu data latih dan data uji, tahap selanjutnya yaitu tahap pelatihan untuk menghasilkan model klasifikasi dan tahap terakhir adalah tahap pengujian yaitu menguji model klasifikasi yang telah dibuat pada tahap pelatihan terhadap data uji. Keluhan untuk pengujian akan diambilkan dari database aplikasi e-complaint Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. Adapun hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa klasifikasi keluhan dengan algoritma centroid based classifier dan dengan fitur TF-IDF-ICF memiliki rata-rata akurasi yang cukup tinggi yaitu 79.5%. Nilai akurasi akan meningkat dengan meningkatnya data latih dan efesiensi sistem semakin menurun dengan meningkatnya data latih.
Mechanism and kinetics of dye desorption from dye-loaded carbon (XC-72) with alcohol-water system as desorbent
Authors: Xing Xiang , Qu Hongxia , Shao Ri , Wang Qiuyang , Xie Huifang
Published: May 2017

In this paper, alcohol (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol)-water system was used as solution for the desorption of Acid Orange 7 (AO7), Ponceau 2R and Rhodamine B (RhB) from dye-loaded carbon (XC-72). Excellent degradation efficiency was obtained (desorption efficiency reaches 77.35%, 85.60%, 96.86% for Ponceau 2R, AO7 and Rhodamine B, respectively) and it was significantly influenced by alcohol content and the length of carbon chain in alcohol (hydrophobicity). In addition, desorption kinetics was fitted by a second-order desorption model, and the desorbed quantity at equilibrium (qe) and rate constant (kd) were calculated, respectively.
Promising Treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Call for Additional Research
Authors: M. Koran Lorrin , Aboujaoude Elias
Published: May 2017

Many patients with OCD respond partially or not at all to standard medications and cognitive behavioral therapy approaches, making alternate treatments necessary. We review the preliminary evidence that exists in support of the use of stimulants, high-dose caffeine, opiates, memantine, ondansetron, ketamine, and transcranial magnetic stimulation in some patients with OCD. Although limited by small or modest sample sizes, open-label study designs, and brief follow-up periods, studies suggest that each of these strategies can help some patients who have inadequately responded to first-line treatments. The existing data and the unmet needs of OCD patients justify research attention to further test these treatments’ safety and efficacy. Previously untested drugs also deserve attention, especially as recent research has suggested new possible contributors to OCD pathophysiology. Similarly, psychotherapeutic interventions beyond CBT should be investigated, and treatments with preliminary evidence in OCD, including Acceptance Commitment Therapy, Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy, and technology-enabled interventions like computerized CBT and Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy, should be carefully tested.
The Orexinergic (Hypocretin) System and Nociception: An Update to Supraspinal Mechanisms
Authors: Roohbakhsh Ali , Alavi Mohaddeseh Sadat , Azhdari-Zarmehri Hassan
Published: May 2017

Chronic pain is a multifaceted and complex condition that is divided into somatic,
visceral, and neuropathic pain. Although opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
cause analgesia and are effective in the treatment of chronic pain, their utility is hampered by
side effects, abuse potential, and development of tolerance to their pain-relieving effects. So,
finding alternative analgesics with good efficacy and low side effects is of great interest and
the orexinergic system is a potential candidate. Orexin-A and -B are exclusively expressed in
the lateral hypothalamus and are involved in the feeding, sleep/wake cycle, cardiovascular
function, hormone secretion, seizure, and pain modulation. Orexin peptides and their receptors
have been proposed as opportunities for developing analgesic drugs. In experimental studies,
orexin peptides induce analgesia that is comparable to morphine. Furthermore, there is
evidence that orexin receptors 1 and 2 participate in responsiveness to both stressful stimuli
and pain. Thus, direct and indirect activation of the orexinergic system is a new therapeutic
approach to pain control. This article will review the most recent and important studies describing
the role of orexins in pain modulation.
VDAC-Targeted Drugs Affecting Cytoprotection and Mitochondrial Physiology in Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Karachitos Andonis , Jordan Joaquin , Kmita Hanna
Published: May 2017

Background:

Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases are caused by impairment
of the brain and/or heart circulation. Insufficient blood flow results in decreased oxygen
delivery (ischemia), which affects mitochondrial functioning and consequently leads to insufficient
ATP production. The predominant mitochondrial outer membrane protein, the voltagedependent
anion selective channel (VDAC), is considered to be crucial for mitochondrial
functioning. In human mitochondria, as in other vertebrates, three isoforms of VDAC
(VDAC1-VDAC3) are present, and they likely play different roles.

Objective:

In this review, we summarize the available data concerning VDAC involvement in
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with regard to VDAC isoforms and discuss the use
of possible VDAC-related intervention targets as well as known VDAC-interacting and cytoprotection-
conferring molecules in the treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.

Method and Results:

The suitable references on disorders defined as cerebrovascular and cardiovascular
diseases as well as VDAC contribution to these conditions were searched using PubMed
and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. The review is based on the 138 carefully selected articles.

Conclusion:

Mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by changes in VDAC properties undoubtedly
contributes to cell death and related diseases, including cerebrovascular and cardiovascular
diseases. Thus, beside diagnostic application, modulation of VDAC activity, including its
isoforms, is thus of great importance for the development of efficient therapeutic interventions.
Moreover, identification of VDAC-interacting molecules that protect against mitochondrial
dysfunction and cell death seems to be of great importance.
The Role of Diet in the Pathogenesis of Cholesterol Gallstones
Authors: Di Ciaula Agostino , Garruti Gabriella , Frühbeck Gema , De Angelis Maria , de Bari Ornella , Wang David Q.-H. , Lammert Frank , Portincasa Piero
Published: May 2017

:

Cholesterol gallstone disease is a major health problem in Westernized countries and depends on a complex interplay between genetic factors, lifestyle and diet, acting on specific pathogenic mechanisms. Overweigh, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and altered cholesterol homeostasis have been linked to increased gallstone occurrence, and several studies point to a number of specific nutrients as risk- or protective factors with respect to gallstone formation in humans. There is a rising interest in the identification of common and modifiable dietetic factors that put the patients at risk of gallstones or that are able to prevent gallstone formation and growth. In particular, dietary models characterized by increased energy intake with highly refined sugars and sweet foods, high fructose intake, low fiber contents, high fat, consumption of fast food and low vitamin C intake increase the risk of gallstone formation. On the other hand, high intake of monounsaturated fats and fiber, olive oil and fish (ω-3 fatty acids) consumption, vegetable protein intake, fruit, coffee, moderate alcohol consumption and vitamin C supplementation exert a protective role.

:

The effect of some confounding factors (e.g., physical activity) cannot be ruled out, but general recommendations about the multiple beneficial effects of diet on cholesterol gallstones must be kept in mind, in particular in groups at high risk of gallstone formation.
Back to the Bench? MEK and ERK Inhibitors for the Treatment of KRAS Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kohler Jens , Catalano Marco , Ambrogio Chiara
Published: May 2017

Background:

Lung cancer accounts for one in five cancer deaths worldwide and mutations
in the gene encoding for the Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) oncoprotein define the largest molecular
subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These tumors are characterized by activated
MAPK signaling, however, no targeted inhibitors of mutant KRAS or of downstream signaling
molecules have yet been approved for routine clinical use.

Objective:

The primary objective of this review is to critically summarize the current developmental
state of MEK and ERK inhibitors in pre-clinical models and in human clinical trials for
KRAS mutant lung cancer particularly in light of the newly emerging concept of immune checkpoint
blockade.

Method:

We performed a Pubmed-based literature search and considered publications from the
fields of basic and translational biomedicinal and biochemistry research, as well as from past and
ongoing human clinical trials (www.clinicaltrials.gov).

Results and Conclusions:

MAPK pathway targeting agents are efficacious in pre-clinical models
but their benefit is limited for patients with KRAS mutant NSCLC due to the lack of predictive
factors, toxicity and the adaptive dynamic kinome reprogramming within the tumor. Overall,
MEK inhibitors have advanced further in clinical development compared to ERK inhibitors. New
treatment strategies as e.g. immune checkpoint blockade are currently revolutionizing the treatment
paradigms and future clinical trials need to show if they replace MAPK targeting strategies
or are used as add-on.
24-Hour Hypoxia and Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Rodrigues Marcelo P. , Vissoci Carolina M. , Rosa Samuel P. , Negreiros Sandra B.C.
Published: May 2017

Background:

The quantification of hypoxia based on resting partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) may underestimate hypoxia related to activities of daily living or sleep and thus not accurately reflect pulmonary hypertension (PH). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of resting PaO2with percent time of SpO2below 90% (T90) and 88% (T88) in 24 hours. We also evaluated the capacity of hypoxia measures to predict PH in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Method:

This cross-sectional study included 27 patients with IPF presenting PaO2≥ 55 mmHg and not receiving home oxygen therapy. All were submitted to blood gas measurement, 24-h oximetry, and transthoracic Doppler echocardiography to estimate systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP). Patients were divided into three groups according to resting PaO2: 55-55.9 mmHg (A); 60-60.9 mmHg (B); ≥ 70 mmHg (C). PH was defined as “likely” if SPAP > 50 mmHg, and as possible for SPAP between 37 and 50 mmHg.

Results:

T90 and T88 in Groups A, B, and C were as follows: 59.9±29% and 44.1±34%; 49.3±34% and 29.9±31%; 17.1±25% and 8.8±18% respectively, with significant differences between the groups for both T90 (p ≤ 0.01) and T88 (p = 0.02). PaO2was inversely correlated with T90 (r = -0.398;p = 0.04) and T88 (r = -0.351;p = 0.07). Hypoxia variables did not correlate with SPAP, and were not able to predict PH.

Conclusion:

Percent time of SpO2below 90% and 88% in 24 hours revealed periods of severe hypoxia even in patients with borderline-normal resting PaO2. However, none of the present hypoxia variables was capable of predicting PH.
Histological Findings in the Trabecular Meshwork of a Patient with Atopic Glaucoma
Authors: Kase Satoru , Chin Shiki , Hamanaka Teruhiko , Shinmei Yasuhiro , Ohguchi Takeshi , Kijima Riki , Matsuda Akira , Ishida Susumu
Published: May 2017

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to report a case of atopic dermatitis showing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) beyond the baseline levels followed by a modified 360-degree suture trabeculotomy, and to analyze the histological findings in the trabecular meshwork.

Methods:

A 40-year-old male suffered from blurred vision in the right eye (OD). He had a medical history of severe atopic dermatitis and intraocular lens implantation OU due to atopic cataract. At the initial presentation, the visual acuity was 0.03, and IOP was 35 mmHg OD. Slit-lamp examination demonstrated corneal epithelial edema OD. Increased IOP was refractory to several topical medications. The patient underwent a modified 360-degree suture trabeculotomy. The visual field defect, however, deteriorated with persistently high IOP. The patient underwent trabeculectomy together with drainage implant surgery. In the outflow routes, although there seemed to be an opening of Schlemm’s canal into the anterior chamber, there was no endothelium of the canal in the region of its opening. The fibrotic changes were conspicuous around Schlemm’s canal.

Conclusion:

The histological results indicated that trabeculotomy might not be an appropriate treatment for patients with atopic glaucoma, possibly because of excessive repair to the newly created uveoscleral outflow in addition to the increased postoperative fibrosis in the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm’s canal.
Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Basic principles and use in tablet evaluation
Authors: Patel Hiren J.
Published: May 2017

The continuous preference of the oral route for the delivery of the drugs has led the ongoing research in the field of oral delivery. With emergence of Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a fast and non-destructive analytical method, researchers have used NIRS for non-destructive evaluation of tablets. This review looks at the basics, theoretical aspects of NIRS, qualitative and quantitative treatment of sample spectra for better understanding of NIRS in tablet evaluation. Use of NIRS in tablet evaluation is discussed in detail with focus on evaluation of tablet hardness, content uniformity and dissolution with use of NIRS. In addition to advantages and limitation of use of NIRS, the current regulatory status and exploration of NIRS as a PAT tool is discussed in the later part of the review.
China y EE. UU. en Latinoamérica
Authors: Creutzfeldt Benjamin Hans
Published: May 2017

Puesto que durante siglos América Latina ha estado sujeta a la voluntad y el capricho de poderes extranjeros, no es de extrañar que entre sus pueblos haya reservas frente a la creciente presencia de China en la región. Los Estados Unidos, por su parte, se sienten igualmente incómodos con el nuevo jugador en el hemisferio tradicionalmente percibido como su zona de influencia. Este trabajo sostiene que los analistas prestan insuficiente atención a las intenciones declaradas que acompañan de forma constante el acercamiento de Pekín hacia América Latina, intenciones que evidencian un enfoque relativamente ecuánime y esencialmente no competitivo. Al examinar elementos de la retórica china de política exterior durante un período de ocho años, en conjunto con documentos estadounidenses de la misma época, se llega a la conclusión de que hay mucho espacio para el desarrollo colaborativo y pocas razones para la prevención, aunque los riesgos de dependencia y de una mayor desindustrialización subsisten. Hay una necesidad ur-gente de que los estudiosos de las Américas Latina y del Norte, los expertos y los funcionarios del gobierno presten atención y entiendan las intenciones de las declaraciones chinas sobre América Latina y respondan a esta creciente potencia en sus propios términos.
Who is More Likely to Use the Internet for Health Behavior Change? A Cross-Sectional Survey of Internet Use Among Smokers and Nonsmokers Who Are Orthopedic Trauma Patients
Authors: McCrabb Sam , Baker Amanda L , Attia John , Balogh Zsolt J , Lott Natalie , Palazzi Kerrin , Naylor Justine , Harris Ian A , Doran Christopher , George Johnson , Wolfenden Luke , Skelton Eliza , Bonevski Billie
Published: May 2017

Background

eHealth presents opportunities to provide population groups with accessible health interventions, although knowledge about Internet access, peoples’ interest in using the Internet for health, and users’ characteristics are required prior to eHealth program development.

Objective

This study surveyed hospital patients to examine rates of Internet use, interest in using the Internet for health, and respondent characteristics related to Internet use and interest in using the Internet for health. For patients who smoke, preferences for types of smoking cessation programs for use at home and while in hospital were also examined.

Methods

An online cross-sectional survey was used to survey 819 orthopedic trauma patients (response rate: 72.61%, 819/1128) from two public hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. Logistic regressions were used to examine associations between variables.

Results

A total of 72.7% (574/790) of respondents had at least weekly Internet access and more than half (56.6%, 357/631) reported interest in using the Internet for health. Odds of at least weekly Internet usage were higher if the individual was born overseas (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.27-3.82, P=.005), had a tertiary education (OR 3.75, 95% CI 2.41-5.84, P<.001), or was a nonsmoker (OR 3.75, 95% CI 2.41-5.84, P<.001). Interest in using the Internet for health increased with high school (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.09-3.15, P=.02) or tertiary education (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.66-3.70, P<.001), and if household incomes were more than AUS $100,000 (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.25-4.97, P=.009). Older individuals were less interested in using the Internet for health (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99, P<.001).

Conclusions

Online interventions may be a potential tool for health care in this hospitalized population.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12614001147673; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=366829&isReview=true (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6qg26u3En)
Karakteristik Respon Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Geometri Berdasarkan Taksonomi SOLO
Authors: Hasan Buaddin
Published: May 2017

Abstrak Taksonomi Solo menyediakan suatu pendekatan untuk mengevaluasi dan mengkategorikan kinerja kognitif dengan mempertimbangkan struktur hasil belajar yang diamati. Penelitian ini mengkaji respon siswa dalam menyelesaikan tugas berdasarkan taksonomi Solo. Peneliti mengukur kualitas jawaban berdasarkan pada kompleksitas pemahaman siswa terhadap soal yang diberikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif eksploratif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X TKJ SMK Ibnu Cholil Bangkalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal berada pada level multistruktural, relasional dan extended abstrak. Siswa kategori rendah mencapai level multistruktural karena mereka mampu membuat beberapa koneksi dan fokus pada beberapa aspek. Siswa kategori sedang memberikan respon maksimal pada level relasional karena mengaitkan konsep atau proses sehingga semua informasi terhubung secara relevan dan diperoleh kesimpulan yang relevan. Siswa kategori tinggi mencapai level extended abstrak karena mampu mengaitkan konsep atau proses sehingga semua informasi terhubung secara relevan dan diperoleh kesimpulan yang relevan serta menggunakan prinsip umum yang tidak terdapat dalam soal.
RÁDIO POSTE DA QUADRA: uma rádio em transformação em uma comunidade de Fortaleza (CE)
Authors: Ribeiro Milena De Castro , Oliveira Catarina Tereza Farias de
Published: May 2017

Este artigo se propõe a refletir sobre a presença da rádio poste Centro de Comunicação Alternativa na comunidade São Vicente de Paulo (Quadra), localizada no bairro Aldeota, em Fortaleza (Ceará). O artigo foi realizado a partir de anotações de campo durante a pesquisa etnográfica vivenciada entre 2014-2016. Através do depoimento de personagens importantes para a história da rádio, é possível compreender os papéis de mobilização e humanitário daquela rádio na comunidade.
Ne féljünk a számítógéptől!
Authors: Síklaki István
Published: May 2017

Reakció Z. Karvalics László a "Mesterséges intelligencia – a diskurzusok újratervezésének kora" című vitaindító írására.

Do not be afraid of computers!

Comments to the paper by Z. Karvalics László, "Artificial intelligence – why to redesign the discourses?"
Effect of simulations enhanced with conceptual change texts on university students’ understanding of chemical equilibrium
Authors: Özmen Haluk , Naseriazar Akbar
Published: May 2017

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of computer simulations enhanced with conceptual change texts (CS-CCT) on first year university students? understanding of chemical equilibrium. A quasi-experimental design and one control group (CG, N = 60) as well as one experimental group (EG, N = 65) were used in the study. While students in CG were taught with traditional methods based on textbooks and blackboard, the EG studied the same unit with CS-CCT. The chemical equilibrium concept test (CECT) was administered as pre-test, post-test and delayed test to collect data. The results indicated that the students? scores in the EG were significantly higher than those in the CG in both post-test and delayed test. It was concluded that CS-CCT may become a more effective way for students to picture in their minds chemical equilibrium and improve their alternative interpretations. Also, such a combination is useful for students to enhance their conceptual understanding.
The synthesis of transparent TiO2 photoelectrodes assisted by rheological agent (triton x-100, PVP and F-127) for dye sensitized solar cells
Authors: Reyes Miranda , Morales Ramírez , Carrillo Romo , García Murillo , de la , Flores Sandoval , Garrido Hernández , Medina Velázquez
Published: May 2017

In this work, the transparent TiO2 photoelectrodes have been synthesized by the sol?gel method and the dip-coating technique, incorporating three rheological agents as porous template ? Triton X-100, polivinilpirrolidone (M.W. 10000) and Pluronic F-127 into the TiO2 sol for the application in dye- -sensitized solar cells. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, m-lines and UV?Vis spectroscopy analyses were carried out to examine the chemical composition, structure, morphology, thickness and optical transmittance of the TiO2 photoelectrodes. Impedance spectroscopy was carried out to analyze the cells? behaviour. An average energy conversion efficiency of 1.04 % was achieved using triton as a modifier of the transparent TiO2 film, obtaining a thickness about 1.21 ?m, a crystallite size of about 7 nm in the anatase phase and the porosity of about 53.4 %. Triton proved to be efficient for obtaining transparent and porous semiconductor films, while increasing the photoelectrochemical device?s performance.
CARNAVAL EM ANDAMENTO: HIBRIDISMO CULTURAL NO CONTEXTO CARNAVALESCO DE BAGÉ RS
Authors: Rosa da Silva Rafael
Published: May 2017

Diversas são as discussões e os estudos em torno do carnaval no Brasil, talvez devido às diversas manifestações existentes nesse período e que variam de um estado para o outro, ou mesmo por ser um campo de estudo que traz em si uma pluralidade de aspectos que podem ser analisados em diversas áreas do conhecimento. A respeito do carnaval no Rio Grande Do Sul, existem poucos trabalhos, principalmente no que diz respeito ao carnaval interiorano. Sendo assim, este trabalho procura discutir acerca dos processos de transformação que o samba, na esfera do Bloco Burlesco Brasa Viva, vem sofrendo no carnaval de rua de Bagé RS. Trazer o samba como um processo em constante mudança não só na esfera carnavalesca, mas também no dia a dia de uma parcela da população brasileira é também poder entender um gênero musical que sofre um processo de hibridismo cultural. Trabalhando com bibliografias acerca da temática do carnaval, atrelada ao contexto de inserção do Bloco Burlesco Brasa Viva, percebemos que ao longo dos anos o samba foi sofrendo um processo hibridização, acompanhado por diversas transformações que acabaram padronizando o samba no carnaval de rua de Bagé RS.
Optimizacija geometrijskih veličina toplotnih prijemnika sunčeve energije heurističkim optimizacionim metodama
Authors: Kostić Nenad , Matejić Miloš , Blagojević Mirko , Marjanović Nenad
Published: May 2017

Ovaj rad predstavlja nastavak istraživanja grupe autora u oblasti optimizacije efikasnosti toplotnih prijemnika sunčeve energije (u daljem tekstu: PSE). Dosadašnji rad se zasnivao na metodi optimizacije poznatoj kao metoda slučajne pretrage, kao jedne od najstarijih heurističkih optimizacionih metoda. U radu su rezultati prethodnih istraživanja upoređeni sa rezultatima dobijenim novom metodom optimizacije koja se naziva teaching-learning based optimization – TLBO. Predstavljen je način funkcionisanja ove metode, kao njena primena na optimizaciju toplotnih PSE-a. Za potrebe ovog rada unapređen je dosadašnji matematički model, kako bi u optimizaciju bio uključen što veći broj promenljivih koje imaju uticaja kako na proizvodnju tako i na cenu PSE-a. U obzir su uzeti prijemnici sa cevima kvadratnog poprečnog preseka, kao i prijemnici sa cevim okruglog poprečnog preseka. Izvedeni su zaključci i data je uporedna analiza rezultata dobijenih metodom slučajne pretrage i metodom TLBO.
Promjena termičke ugodnosti u fazi pothlađivanja putničkog prostora
Authors: Grahovac Svetozar
Published: May 2017

Jedan od zadataka proizvođača današnjih vozila predstavlja razvoj novih i optimizacija postojećih sistema za postizanje i održavanje termičke ugodnosti u putničkom prostoru. Bez ispravnog izbora i dimenzionisanja sistema grijanja, hlađenja i provjetravanja putničkog prostora, nema ni termičke ugodnosti. Za računarsku obradu termičke ugodnosti na dva izabrana sjedišta, koriste se 4 mjerena parametra: brzina kretanja vazduha, vlažnost vazduha, temperatura vazduha i temperatura crne kugle. Pored predskazivanja procenta nezadovoljnih u fazi pothlađivanja unutrašnjosti vozila, ukazuje se i na specifičnost termičkih uslova u vozilima. U radu se vrši poređenje termičke ugodnosti za nehomogenu i homogenu sredinu. Korištenjem operativne i ekvivalentne temperature prema SAE J2234, dolazi se do homogene sredine. Na sjedištima se pretpostavlja ista aktivnost osoba i ista vrsta odjeće. Uslovi vanjske okoline: brzina nastrujavanja vozila, temperatura vazduha i vlažnost vazduha su konstantni. Cilj rada je ukazati i na složenost ispitivanja termičke ugodnosti u putničkim vozilima.
Problemi kondenzacije vlage na staklenim površinama bazenskih objekata i LCC analiza raznih kompozicija klima-komora
Authors: Pjević Aleksandar
Published: May 2017

U radu su predstavljeni problemi kondenzacije vlage iz vazduha na staklenim površinama bazenskih objekata u područjima sa niskom temperaturom spoljašnjeg vazduha i preporuke za projektovanje. Takođe je prikazana uporedna analiza LCC troškova životnog veka različitih koncepcija klimatizacionih agregata za obradu vazduha i izloženi zaključci.
Izjava o povlačenju rada
Authors: Časopisa Redakcija
Published: May 2017

Rad pod naslovom „Između teorije i prakse na konkretnom primeru energetske sanacije objekta“, autora Marije Ilić, Ustanova gerontološki centar Beograd, i Aleksandra Savića, Elektrotehnička škola „Rade Končar”, Beograd objavljen je u časopisu „KGH“ broj 2/2017.Rad je objavljen greškom Redakcije i ovim putem objavljujemo njegovo povlačenje.Ističemo da tekst rada i rezultati izloženi u njemu nisu razlog povlačenja.Redakcija se izvinjava autorima rada i čitaocima časopisa.
Risk Factors and Efficiency Measurement in Togolese Banking Sector: the Case of ECOBANK-Togo
Authors: Pamane Kolani , Boko Fabrice
Published: May 2017

The economic growth of a country depends on several factors which can be both macro and micro economics. The financial sector and more precisely the banking sector contributesin a non negligible part to this growth. This paper starts by analyzing the performance and the part of the Togolese banking sector in the economy by pointing out the challenges and risks that the sector faced the last few years. The paper then examined and evaluated the performance and the risk factors of the Ecobank – Togo from the period 2005 to 2010 using 11 financial ratios divided into 4 groups namely profitability, liquidity, and risk and efficiency ratios.The results of the study shows that the banking sector in Togo is playing a very important role inthe economy growth in term of the domestic credit and loans provided by this sector to support the private projects and the state activities, and also in term of the GDP growth. The results also show that ECOBANK-Togo performs well over the 5 past years in term of efficiency, profitability and liquidity although he has many risks to face.
Understanding the Innovation Concept
Authors: Maxamadumarovich Umidjon Ahunjonov , Obrenovic Bojan , Amonboyev Mahammadsidik
Published: May 2017

In today’s fierce competitive environment, we frequently hear media discussing issues related to innovation. From these discussions, it is not difficult to assume that innovation has become one of the most controversial topics of the 21st century. If for some businesses being innovative is an attempt to be market leaders in their area for many others it is the only way to response appropriately against challenges by their innovative rivals in the market. In brief, today’s competitive market situation has already turned out to be “innovate or die” situation. Therefore, understanding the concept of the innovation is crucial to know about innovation itself and its importance. Thus, This paper explored the concept of innovation through literature review and gave an overview of the concept of innovation, as well brought readers a quick introduction about innovation and presented the fundamental understanding of its importance, actors, sources, types and main drivers. In this paper, innovation was discussed in five different sections and a conclusion was derived as an inference.
Entrepreneurial education and interdisciplinary negotiation
Authors: Silva Adalzira Regina de Andrade
Published: May 2017

This article aims to encourage reflections on entrepreneurial education and the contribution of interdisciplinary negotiation in this context. It presents an overview of entrepreneurship in Brazil and offers possibilities for taking entrepreneurial education to a variety of educational areas, schools, and corporate environments.
Unleashing Innovation across the Value chain - A motto for Growth
Authors: Patra Anshuman , Chatterjee Sandipan , Ganguly Indranil
Published: May 2017

Learning and innovation go hand in hand. The arrogance of success is to think that what was did yesterday will be sufficient for tomorrow. The journey from the invention of Fire to the electric bulb, from the air gliders made by Wright Brothers to the Boeing 707, from the typewriter to Laptop and Tablets, from the days of hand-written letters to e-mails, the whole transformation of the Human Era is entirely based on a single aspect: INNOVATION. The major aim of the work is to reveal how innovation could be a driving force for growth in the society.
Conscious consumer behavior for products of high and low involvement: an experimental study with psychographic variables
Authors: Dalla Celia Braga , Hernandez José Mauro Da Costa , Del Fiori Junior Edson Roberto , Pizzinatto Nadia Kassouf
Published: May 2017

This article focuses conscious consumption by analysis of psychographic variables of consumer behavior: altruism, liberalism, environmental concern and ECCB, besides tracing this profile through social-demographic variables: sex, age, income and education, offering, this way, important bases for green marketing actions. The study was operated as an experiment and the information was collected by an electronic questionnaire posted on the website of Qualtrics.com and data analysis was performed using the statistical software, using various techniques. The results show that the psychographic variables are more relevant than the social-demographic variables to explain the conscious consumer behavior. So, the contributions of this study reside in the suggestion of emphasis in advertising that have support in arguments based on psychographic variables, especially the more emphasized, such as altruism.
The Proposal of Metrics and Evaluation Methods to Explicit Knowledge of the Absorptive Capacity
Authors: Miyake Kenji , Matsuura Yoshiyuki , Kaminishi Ken
Published: May 2017

The importance of Absorptive Capacity has been stated in many previous researches.When small and medium-sized enterprises with poor management resources perform productdevelopment with an outside-in open innovation approach, one of the important factorsdetermining the success or failure is Absorptive Capacity of the licensing-in company thatform a foundation of technology learning. In this paper, we propose a method for evaluatingthe Absorptive Capacity of the company, and it is intended to propose a method for utilizingAbsorptive Capacity as a measurement of “readiness” to external knowledge.
Educação para a Sustentabilidade – Uma Reflexão a Partir da Teoria Institucional
Authors: Stefani Maria Teresa , Lima Cássia Maria Paula , Dourado Janaína
Published: May 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma reflexão teórica, utilizando alguns conceitosda Teoria Institucional para analisar questões ligadas à educação e à sustentabilidade. Afinal,a educação tem sido apontada quase que unanimemente como a solução para os desafiosda sociedade atual, com seu poder de influenciar e mobilizar inúmeras vertentes na buscade uma sociedade sustentável. Educar para a sustentabilidade tem como desafio acelerar oprocesso de mudança. Porém, para que exerça um papel transformador, faz-se necessárioque o próprio campo da educação se reinvente, permitindo a inovação. Como se trata deum campo estabelecido há muitos séculos, modificá-lo não é tarefa simples. A educação éum tema amplo, complexo abordado por inúmeras vertentes, desde a área acadêmica com aconstrução do conhecimento científico, passando pelos órgãos públicos, que buscam soluçõesalternativas para o ensino, pelas empresas privadas que trabalham com a capacitação embusca da sustentabilidade, chegando ao indivíduo, que busca, através da educação, novasoportunidades de crescimento pessoal. Como quebrar paradigmas sedimentados e que,justamente, os tornam mais difíceis de serem modificados? Como repensar o papel de cadapessoa e instituição na sociedade de modo que todos passem a adotar uma conduta maisajustada às novas necessidades da sociedade conectada e dinâmica? Para se viabilizar comoalternativa, a educação para a sustentabilidade deve gerar o conhecimento e incentivar areflexão, elementos necessários para promover as mudanças que levarão à transformação dasociedade, modificando a forma como ela se organiza e estrutura suas instituições.