bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXTRACTION OPTIMIZATION, ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL, AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF CUCUMI S ATIVUS AND CUCUMIS MELO
Authors: Abbas Fakhar , Ayoub Rashid  , Syed Ali Raza  , Muhammad Imran Ul Haq  , Sadia Haider  , Khalid Hamid
Published: September 2024

Background: Cucumis plants are being frequently used to treat metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes, in traditional medicinal system. Objectives: The current study sought to assess the impact of several solvents with varying polarity for the extraction of polyphenolic, and flavonoid components. Further, this study also aims to determine antioxidant activity of fruits and peels of Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus. Methodology: Methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-hexane were chosen for optimal extraction. Extract yields were assessed to determine the optimal solvent solution for extraction. The TPC and TFC contents were determined by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and AlCl3 method.  The antioxidant potential was determined spectrophotometrically using DPPH scavenging and iron chelation assays. The fatty acid contents of methanol extract were determined by gas chromatography (GC-FID). The instrument utilized for this purpose was a Shimadzu GC-14A with a flame ionizer (FID) and a packed glass column, DEXIL-300. The column oven's temperature was kept at 180ºC for 5 minutes and programmed to 250 ºC at the rate of 5ºC/mint. The injection and detector temperature was 250ºC and 230ºC respectively. Results: The results showed that the methanol extract of C. sativus peels exhibited the highest extraction yield, TPC, and TFC 12.72 ± 0.34 mg/mL, 130.13 ± 1.23 mg/mL, and 86.56 ± 0.67 mg/mL, respectively for C. Sativus peels and for C. melo the results were as 8.32. ± 0.34 mg/mL, 68.23.13 ± 1.23 mg/mL and 48.23 ± 0.67 mg/mL, respectively. The C. Sativus peel extract also showed the highest DPPH inhibition and iron chelation activities with IC50 values of 33.34 ± 0.12 µg/mL and 30.34 ± 0.23 µg/mL. The methanol extracts also showed dose-dependent antioxidant activities. The seven fatty acids contents were found from C12 to C20 in peel extract with arachidic acid and linoleic acid in relatively greater amounts. Conclusion: The current study has shown that the methanol extract of C. sativus peel has rich total phenolic, flavonoid content, and has reasonable antioxidant activity in all of the tested methods.
Innovations in Sericulture an Advancements in Silk Production and Quality Improvement
Authors: Kiruba M. , Mangammal P. , Anand G. , Sakila M. , Kumar P. , Senthilkumar T.
Published: September 2024

Sericulture, the cultivation of silkworms for silk production, has a long and significant history, particularly in rural economies. In recent years, the industry has undergone transformative innovations that have enhanced efficiency, sustainability, and silk quality. This review explores key advancements in sericulture, focusing on technological innovations, genetic improvements, sustainable farming practices, and the role of biotechnology in reshaping the industry. Notable technological developments, such as automated silk reeling machines and climate-controlled rearing houses, have streamlined production, reducing labor demands while ensuring consistent silk quality. Additionally, digital monitoring systems now allow for real-time tracking of silkworm health and environmental conditions, empowering farmers with data-driven insights for better management. Genetic advancements, including selective breeding and genetic engineering, have led to high-yield, disease-resistant silkworm strains, significantly boosting silk output and quality. Moreover, innovations in producing naturally colored silk via genetic modification have minimized the need for chemical dyes, reducing the environmental footprint of the dyeing process. Sustainability has become a focal point, with organic farming methods, integrated pest management (IPM), and waste recycling practices becoming more widespread. These practices not only safeguard the environment but also enhance the economic viability of sericulture, benefiting rural communities and driving social development. Biotechnology has expanded the horizon of sericulture, enabling the engineering of silk proteins and the creation of transgenic silkworms for specialized medical and industrial applications. Overall, these advancements have transformed sericulture into a more efficient, sustainable, and economically viable industry, offering significant benefits to both global silk markets and rural livelihoods.
Lambda Cyhalothrin (LCT)-Induced Long-term Pesticide Effects of Albino Rats
Authors: Rao Bonu.Narayana , Sandeep Thotakura.Rahul , Simhachalam G.
Published: September 2024

Lambda cyhalothrin (LCT), a prominent pyrethroid insecticide, has been linked to a number of negative side effects in non-target animals, including mammals. This study investigated the long-term consequences of lambda- cyhalothrin (LCT) exposure on albino rats, including physiological, biochemical, and behavioural alterations. Adult albino rats were given sub-lethal lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) doses over an extended period to simulate chronic exposure. Body weight, organ histology, serum biochemical markers, and behavioural reactions were all examined to determine the toxicological impact. The biochemical markers of liver and kidney function showed substantial variation, indicating organ damage. Histopathological evaluation of the liver and kidney tissues revealed structural damage consistent with the biochemical abnormalities discovered. The neurotoxic potential of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) was further demonstrated by the exposed rats' notable behavioural changes, which included decreased locomotor activity and increased anxiety-like behaviour. These findings emphasise the potential long-term risks associated with repeated exposure to lambda cyhalothrin (LCT), emphasizing the need for additional research and strong regulations to understand the implications for environmental safety and public health.
Conceptual Transformation of the South Kuril Islands’ Image in Japanese Media After 24 February 2022 (based on the materials of the English-language Japanese media)
Authors: Zaripov R. I.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the conceptual image of the South Kuril Islands in the leading English-language mass media of Japan after the beginning of the Russian Armed Forces’ special military operation in Ukraine. The relevance of the study is explained by the preservation of the hotbed of military and political tension near the Far Eastern borders of Russia, manifested in Japan’s territorial claims to the southern part of the Kuril Islands, which acquired a strongly pronounced verbalized ideological shift after February 24, 2022. The conceptual characteristics of the image of the islands (and closely related images of Russia/USSR) were identified using the methods of content analysis, cognitive-discursive analysis, cognitive interpretation, cognitive modeling, as well as elements of cognitive matrix analysis.
Institutional Basis of International Development Assistance Policy
Authors: Pilshchikov A. K. , Sobolev V. D.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the main characteristics and features of Russian International Development Assistance policy. This phenomenon is elaborated withing the theoretical part, based on Russian scientists’ expertise. Additionally, the article analyses the Concept of the State Policy of International Development Assistance. The authors emphasize the role of state-guided International Development Assistance as a direct manifestation of Russian foreign policy, as well as the reflection of national interests of the Russian Federation. The main part of the article presents the results of content analysis of International Development Assistance Comprehensive State Programme, conducted on open data basis. It is concluded that the data presented are insufficient to form a complete picture of the essence, composition and content of International Development Assistance. Moreover, it is mentioned, that the possibility to highlight the main directions and problematic issues of international assistance is clear.
1162 Years of Russian Statehood: An Essay on Historical Evolution
Authors: Lukin Yu. F.
Published: September 2024

On September 21, 2024, the Russian statehood will be 1162 years old. This advanced age is conceptually linked to the modern understanding of the historical evolution from the past to the present as a result of the thesaurus of knowledge accumulated over a hundred years. Historically, Russian statehood originally came from Veliky Novgorod in 862, and not later from the southern Kiev suburbs, which is confirmed not only by well-known chronicles, the works of scientists, but also by modern archaeological data. The stable and independent Novgorod state education since the arrival of Prince Rurik in 862 has existed for a generally longer period in history than Kievan Rus. The historical past of Russian statehood is being actualized today during Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine, in the process of global multivector confrontation between Russian and Western civilizations of the United States and Europe, sanctions against the Russian population.
Relevancia del emprendimiento social en el desarrollo de la zona oriente del estado de México
Authors: Hernández Espíndola Heidi Ma. de la Luz
Published: September 2024

Este estudio se enfoca en analizar la relevancia del Emprendimiento Social en el desarrollo de la Zona Oriente del Estado de México. El objetivo de dicho trabajo, es buscar cómo estas iniciativas están contribuyendo a resolver problemáticas sociales y económicas en la región, así como identificar los factores que favorecen o limitan su crecimiento. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se empleó una metodología de tipo mixta que permitiera la revisión de la literatura especializada, a través de un análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, aunado a la aplicación de entrevistas a emprendedores sociales y actores clave del ecosistema emprendedor de la Zona Oriente. Cabe señalar que los datos cuantitativos se obtuvieron a partir de una encuesta aplicada a un sector de emprendimientos sociales, mientras que los datos cualitativos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que los emprendimientos sociales en la Zona Oriente del Estado de México se enfocan primordialmente en ejes como la educación, la salud, el medio ambiente y la economía social. Este tipo de emprendimientos han logrado generar de mejor manera un impacto positivo en sus comunidades ya que ayudan a la creación de empleos, la promoción de la inclusión social, y junto con ello el fomento a la participación ciudadana. Por su parte, pudieron detectarse desafíos dentro de las empresas sociales como lo es la falta de financiamiento, la dificultad para acceder a redes de apoyo y la necesidad de capacitación continua para fortalecer las capacidades de los emprendedores.
Catalog of the Genus Bityle Pascoe, 1865 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Apomecynini) with the Description of Bityle oriens sp. nov. from Davao Oriental, Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Medina Milton Norman , Ponce Amy , Villegas Jhonnel
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces Bityle oriens sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Apomecynini) from Boston, Province of Davao Oriental, Philippines. A catalog of the known species of the genus Bityle is also presented. Coleoptera expeditions need to be undertaken to discover more novel species, especially in the understudied islands of the Philippine archipelago.
Drying of Paddy in Large Bags to Help Filipino Farmers Respond to Extreme Weather Events: Results of Pilot Test
Authors: Sawey-Valenciano Derose , Lagmay Joneil , Orge Ricardo
Published: September 2024

Climate change is negatively affecting the lives of Filipinos, and one of the most vulnerable sectors is agriculture. Among the extreme events, typhoons emerged as the major cause of losses in rice production. To help address this problem, the Philippine Rice Research Institute developed a new rice postharvest system that features a unique design of a paddy dryer – herein called a bag dryer – which constitutes an essential component of the system. As its name implies, the bag dryer is equipped with large bags (400–500-kg capacity) primarily functioning as portable drying bins and secondarily as containers for transporting the paddy from the field to the dryer. After the drying process, these bags also serve as temporary storage while awaiting post-drying activities like grain cleaning and final bagging. This dryer uses a previously developed continuous-type rice hull (CtRH) carbonizer as its furnace. Consequently, the by- product of the drying operation is carbon-sequestering biochar, which holds various uses on the farm – including soil conditioning, animal bedding, and serving as an ingredient in organic fertilizer. In this study, a prototype of the bag dryer was established and pilot-tested in a farming community to evaluate its performance while being used by a farmers’ association. Test results showed that each drying bag or bin could accommodate an average of 400 kg of newly harvested paddy [17.7% moisture content (MC), wet basis] or a total capacity of 3.2 tons for the eight- bag prototype dryer. The drying process took 3 h to reduce the grain MC to 13–14% and 5.5 h when further reducing the grain MC to 10–11%. The analysis revealed that this new dryer design offers economic advantages over existing flatbed dryers and has the potential to further enhance farmers’ resilience to climate change. However, additional pilot tests are required to evaluate the dryer’s performance under various farming conditions.
Species Composition of Bryophytic Flora along Altitudinal Gradient in Mt. Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines
Authors: Balansag Gio Vincent , Amoroso Victor , Coritico Fulgent
Published: September 2024

A floristic assessment was conducted in Mt. Musuan Bukidnon, the Philippines – an isolated, low grass-covered andesitic lava dome and tuff cone. Two 50-m transect lines were established in each of the altitudinal gradients (350–400, 401–451, 452–502, 503–553, 554–604, and 605 + masl) in the mountain slope to sample the bryophyte communities. The study compared the bryophyte populations between six altitudinal gradients and analyzed their altitudinal distribution. Results revealed a total of 56 species of bryophytes belonging to 39 genera and 21 families. Of these, 39 are moss species with 29 genera and 16 families. Sixteen (16) species are liverworts with nine genera and four families. One hornwort was encountered. The greatest number of bryophytes were documented between 452–502 masl, whereas the fewest number occurred between 350–400 and 605 masl and near the summit. The two most abundant bryophyte species were Octoblepharum albidum Hedw. and Hyophila involuta (Hook.) A. Jaeger, which are widely distributed in all altitudinal gradients. The findings from this research will offer valuable insights that can promote the implementation of efficient management strategies and initiatives for conserving biodiversity across different altitudinal gradients. This is particularly vital because bryophytes are known to be highly susceptible to human- induced threats and the influences of changing environmental conditions.
Checklist of Novel Microbes Discovered in the Philippines
Authors: dela Cruz Thomas Edison , Llames Lloyd Christian , Glori Patricia Jhoanna , Sanvictores Raphael , Cabales Jaius Emmanuel , Aldover Glen Carlo , Rejano Jomar Hebrews , Akmad Bainadzma , Lopez Sam , Esmundo Harvy Jay , Arbes Ralph Kenneth , Morato Maria Katrina , Agustin Angeli , Nohay Jennifer Anne , Cortes Brennan , Bellen John Joshua , Lagman Jerry , Sabado Jamille , Martin Kathleen Olivia , Bennett Reuel
Published: September 2024

The Philippines is a hotspot of biodiversity due to its high species richness and endemism and the great threat of species and habitat loss brought about by anthropogenic activities. While efforts have been made to document animal and plant biodiversity in the country, only a little can be said of the so-called hidden biodiversity – the microbial world. To contribute to the documentation of the total biodiversity in the country, we conducted a systematic literature review of novel microorganisms described in the Philippines. Novel microorganisms are potentially new sources of compounds for pharmaceutical, environmental, and biotechnological applications and could play key roles in many ecosystem processes; their continued discovery and further research allow the science community to study these microorganisms to impact local communities. Our checklist reported species of archaea, bacteria, protists, algae, and fungi, including lichens, that were discovered as new to science by Filipino or foreign-based scientists from specimens collected in the country. We recorded 708 novel species as reported in published literature until October 2023. These are grouped as Archaea (n = 12), Bacteria (n = 28), lower fungi (n = 11), higher fungi (n = 142), protists (n = 13), algae (n = 251), and lichens (n = 251). Most of the discovered novel microbes were isolated or collected from major islands of the country, particularly Luzon, and this highlights the numerous areas where studies on microbial diversity are limited or nonexistent. In addition, the research also identified challenges that impeded the progress of Philippine microbial taxonomy and offered solutions. This checklist is the first attempt to document novel species of microorganisms as a strategy to raise awareness of the need to document our microbial biodiversity.
Reverse Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Network Analysis Studies to Investigate Potential Antihypertensive Side Effects of Valsartan and Lisinopril
Authors: Maala Cathryn Therese , Macalino Stephani Joy , Conde Blessed Isaac , Sy Jamie Bernadette
Published: September 2024

Hypertension, also known as high or raised blood pressure, is a common condition in which the force of circulating blood pushing against the walls of the body’s arteries is excessive. Antihypertensive drugs such as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which target different proteins in the same pathway of the renin-angiotensin system, are usually recommended for first-line treatment. Identifying potential off-target proteins and possible side effects correlated with these antihypertensives can help shed light on the potential additional differences of these drugs and yield helpful information for the design and development of future antihypertensives. MAPK8 was identified as a potential off-target protein of valsartan, the chosen representative for ARB, through reverse docking and molecular dynamics. Valsartan exhibited similar binding as the known co- crystallized inhibitor, whereas lisinopril – an ACE inhibitor used for comparison – was unable to form a stable complex with MAPK8. Network analysis further identified E73 and K166 as key residues for valsartan binding while still maintaining the same signaling network as the apo structure. These observations may assist in future studies for the potential polypharmacology of valsartan and for the identification of new indications of already marketed drugs to facilitate drug discovery for other diseases.
Pollution Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Marine Sediment from Puerto Princesa Bay, Palawan, the Philippines
Authors: Bautista Charles Paul , Punzalan Jervee , Samaniego Jessie , Gibaga Cris Reven , Tanciongco Alexandria , Quierrez Rico Neil , Gervasio John Henry , Reyes Rachelle Clien
Published: September 2024

The enrichment levels of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) have recently attracted global concerns due to their associated environmental risks and threats to human health. This study, therefore, aims to assess the pollution impacts of these PTEs from 53 marine sediment samples from Puerto Princesa Bay, Palawan, the Philippines. The concentrations of eight PTEs (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) were determined using portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and direct mercury analyzer. Spatial distribution maps of the bay revealed similar trends for Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, As, and Zn, with higher concentrations found at the north-western side of Puerto Princesa Bay. Factor analysis revealed that this trend can be attributed to natural provenance. Moreover, a higher concentration of As was concentrated in the southern part of the bay adjacent to the built-up areas of Puerto Princesa City, whereas Hg had higher concentrations in the northern part. Their distribution can be attributed to anthropogenic influence: Hg transport exacerbated by historical mercury mining upstream and industrial activities in the built-up bay that lead to the enrichment of As. Further assessment using the enrichment factor and index of geoaccumulation indices support the mentioned factors of PTEs based on their enrichment and contamination levels. Lastly, the total potential ecological risk index revealed Co, Hg, and Ni – which are most likely to be the main pollutants – particularly in the northern part of the bay. Based on the evaluated indices, these PTEs are potential sources of ecological risks to the environment, as well as to the inhabitants of the area. The results are significant inputs in baselining the current PTE pollution caused in Puerto Princesa Bay, Palawan, as well as for decisions regarding mixed-use planning of the bay area
Probing Faculty Perspectives and Experiences for Framework Development of an Online University- Industry-Government Collaboration Platform
Authors: Ramirez Hazel Joyce , de Guzman Renen Szilardo , Villar Ricard , de Luna Marie Josephine , Sabido Mia Kaye , Sison Luis , Monterola Sheryl Lyn
Published: September 2024

University-industry-government (UIG) collaboration nurtures the innovation ecosystem that sustains competitiveness and drives national economic growth. In the Philippines, however, there is limited collaboration between the UIG, thus resulting in untapped opportunities. An integrated web-based collaboration platform for researcher profiles, tools, and resources in Philippine higher education institutions (HEIs) would help promote and strengthen UIG collaboration. In this light, this study conducted a baseline assessment to gain insights into the faculty members’ perceived motivations, current contexts, and challenges of UIG collaborations. These insights guided the development of a framework that would inform the development of an online collaboration platform. The survey was participated in by 111 faculty members from a university system. Analysis showed that respondents had a wide range of experiences in their collaboration, wherein there was an overall satisfaction rating of 3.99 on their collaboration. Findings revealed that building connections or networks and professional development were the main drivers for faculty members to engage in collaboration. On the other hand, communication- and coordination-related issues were among the top collaboration challenges. Also identified as concerns were the differences in perspectives and the low commitment levels of some collaborators. The respondents expressed the necessity for an integrated platform that can facilitate collaboration activities, including opportunity-matching aligned with their professional experience and research interests. Better project management and streamlining of administrative processes were also cited to further enhance the collaboration experience. These findings underscore the necessity for improvement in strategic planning, resource allocation, enhanced faculty support, and opportunity-matching aligned with faculty expertise that can facilitate more effective collaboration among stakeholders. This research has essential implications for the improvement of the collaboration and similarly could provide important inputs and salient features for the development of a UIG collaboration platform.
Semiparametric Analysis of Covariance Model for a Crossover Design with Carryover Effects
Authors: Almero Leonard Allan , Lansangan Joseph Ryan , Barrios Erniel
Published: September 2024

We postulate a semiparametric mixed analysis of the covariance model for a crossover design with carryover effects. The model is estimated via a hybrid of restricted maximum likelihood estimation and smoothing splines regression embedded into the backfitting algorithm. To mitigate heterogeneity in experimental settings common in clinical trials, responses are adjusted using a nonparametric function of the covariates. A bootstrap-based test for random treatment effect using the adjusted responses is also proposed. Simulation studies indicate that the bootstrap-based test for variance components is correctly sized. The test is also powerful and is relatively robust to the magnitude of variance in the alternative hypothesis. Furthermore, the test is advantageous over classical analysis of covariance in the presence of design and measurement issues in experiments.
Nutrient Intake of Stunted Filipino School-age Children: Results from the 2018-2019 Expanded National Nutrition Survey
Authors: Arias Frances Pola , Cajucom Maylene , Ducay Apple Joy , Victa Jamella Jeanne
Published: September 2024

Over the last few decades, stunting has decreased worldwide, although the prevalence remains high in underdeveloped and developing countries. A child's healthy growth is a key measure of their overall well-being, and it is directly linked to his or her nutrient intake and resistance to illnesses. This study determined the nutrient intake of stunted Filipino school-age children utilizing secondary data from the 2018–2019 Expanded National Nutrition Survey conducted by the Department of Science and Technology–Food and Nutrition Research Institute. A total of 26,332 5–10-yr-old school-age children were included in the study. The data utilized were nutritional status, socio-economic status and demographic profile, and nutrient intake of school- age children. Stata version 16 was used for all statistical tests, whereas the PC-SIDE software was used for the estimation of the mean usual intake of energy and nutrients. Among stunted school-age children, mean energy, protein, iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and fat intake were significantly higher among urban households than their counterparts. The proportion of stunted school-age children meeting the recommended intake for energy (9.3%), iron (15%), vitamin A (24.8%), thiamin (27%), and riboflavin (29.8%) were significantly higher in the urban as compared to rural areas. The energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, iron, and calcium intake of stunted school-age children were significantly lower as compared to the non-stunted. The data show that despite the decreasing prevalence of undernutrition in the country, the problem of childhood stunting still persists. Furthermore, non-stunted children only had slightly better nutrient intakes. These urges work on the major determinants of stunting in the Philippines and the implementation of appropriate interventions such as supplementary feeding programs, food production, and nutrition education.
Exploring User Predispositions, Usage Patterns, and the Bandwagon Effect on Instagram and Snapchat
Authors: Aamir Adeel Ahmad , Ramazan Tayyeb , Jamil Shamsa
Published: September 2024

The current study explores the interactive effects of social media (Instagram and Snapchat) on the bandwagon effect. A sample size of 659 undergraduate students from Pakistani Universities is selected using probability sampling techniques and a self-developed survey questionnaire was distributed among the participants to measure the prevalence of the bandwagon effect.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Matematika Berdasarkan Prosedur Newman Pada Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Sungguminasa
Authors: Tahir Sitti Rahma , Farida
Published: September 2024

Tujuan utama penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa berdasarkan kategori nilai dan faktor penyebab kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika berdasarkan prosedur Newman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 4 Sungguminasa. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri atas 3 orang yang diambil berdasarkan siswa yang mengerjakan tes hampir selesai atau telah selesai tetapi terdapat kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal tes. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes soal cerita matematika dan wawancara, serta validasi instrumen dilakukan dengan tahapan validasi ahli 2 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi metode. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa jenis- jenis kesalahan yang muncul saat siswa menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika adalah: (1) pada subjek dengan nilai kategori tinggi (AF) adalah kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir pada soal nomor 1. (2) pada subjek dengan kategori nilai sedang (MS) melakukan kesalahan transformasi pada nomor 1 dan 2, kesalahan keterampilan proses pada nomor 1 dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir pada soal nomor 1 dan 2. (3) pada subjek dengan kategori nilai rendah (DA) melakukan kesalahan transformasi, kesalahan keterampilan proses dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir pada soal nomor 1 dan 2.
Berufliche Integration durch Coaching
Authors: Bisang David , Baumgartner Erika
Published: September 2024

Die praktische Ausbildung (PrA) nach INSOS hat eine Lücke im Bildungssystem geschlossen: Sie ist für Jugendliche gedacht, die (noch) keine eidgenössisch anerkannte Lehre machen können. Die Stiftung Lerchenbühl begleitet Jugendliche während der PrA-Ausbildung mit einem Coaching. Mögliche Themen im Coaching sind Lernstrategien, Konflikte, Selbstmanagement oder grundlegende Arbeitskompetenzen. Das Coaching basiert unter anderem auf Beziehungsarbeit, Ressourcen- und Lösungsorientierung sowie einer systemischen Denkweise. Die Jugendlichen sehen einen Mehrwert im Coaching und wünschen sich nach ihrem Abschluss einen Job, der ihnen Spass macht und ihre Existenz sichert.
Berufsbildung für Jugendliche mit Gehörlosigkeit und Hörbehinderung
Authors: Schlumpf Sina
Published: September 2024

Jugendliche und Lernende mit Gehörlosigkeit oder einer Hörbehinderung sollen beim Übergang in die Berufsbildung sowie während der beruflichen Grundbildung adäquat beraten und begleitet werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund bietet ein vom Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation (SBFI) erarbeiteter Bericht allen Akteur:innen Unterstützung. Der Anfang 2024 publizierte Bericht weist auf bestehende Hilfestellungen hin und benennt Optimierungsmöglichkeiten. Damit soll für Lernende mit Gehörlosigkeit oder einer Hörbehinderung der Zugang zur Berufsbildung und die Unterstützung während einer beruflichen Grundbildung verbessert werden. Die im Bericht zusammengetragenen Erkenntnisse können auch bei anderen Arten von Beeinträchtigungen als Informationsquelle dienen.
Histopathological Changes in The Spinal Cord Tissue of Rats Administered an Experimental Mussel Diet
Authors: Ünlü İlker , Özdemir İlhan , Tuncer M. Cudi , Öztürk Şamil
Published: September 2024

Aim: Regional eating habits show that it causes neurodegenerative problems due to heavy metals that can accumulate in consumed foods and affect tissues such as the nervous system. Since crustaceans such as mussels feed by filtering the water, they are exposed to toxic plankton and various chemicals, especially heavy metals. Due to the limitations of experimental studies on this subject, the effects of mussel consumption on the spinal cord were investigated.
Methods: In this study, histopathological changes in the spinal cord tissue of rats fed with shellfish collected from the Dardanelles were determined. The subjects were divided into two groups, and the first group was fed standard rat food for 4 weeks, and the second group was fed a mussel diet. At the end of the study, spinal cord tissue samples taken from rats were subjected to routine histopathological procedures and evaluated under a light microscope.
Results: In the experimental group, a decrease in the number of neurons in the medulla spinalis and an increase in the number of astrocytes were noted. TUNEL staining showed that apoptosis occurred intensively in glial cells, but did not occur in anterior and posterior horn motor neurons.
Conclusion: The findings showed that long-term mussel consumption can cause axonal damage in motor and sensory neurons and degeneration in glial cells. For this reason, it is important for health that marine diets in coastal areas are made with healthy and hygienic products.
Etiological Evaluation of Term Neonates with Indirect Hyperbilirubinaemia
Authors: Başaranoğlu Murat , Batu Utku , Aycan Nur , Yürektürk Eyyüp , Karaman Serap , Tuncer Oğuz
Published: September 2024

Aim: Indirect hyperbilirubinemia is a common disease in newborns with many risk factors. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of history, physical examination and investigations on treatment and follow-up of patients admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit with the diagnosis of indirect hyperbilirubinemia.
Methods: In our cross-sectional and retrospective study, 226 patients who were born at term and hospitalized with the diagnosis of indirect hyperbilirubinemia were included. History, physical examination and examination data were evaluated from the patient files.
Results: Of 226 patients included in the study, 126 (55.8%) were boys and 100 (44.2%) were girls. The mean gestational age was 38.3±0.4 weeks and the mean birth weight was 3146±32 grams. The mean postnatal days at the time of hospitalization were 4.1±0.1 days, hospitalization bilirubin was 17.1±0.2 mg/dl, duration of phototherapy was 38.2±1 hours, and weight loss during hospitalization was 3.7±0.3%. The most common diagnosis was ABO incompatibility (27.9%). Bilirubin levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with weight loss. When blood incompatibility and other diagnoses were compared, bilirubin and hemoglobin levels and postnatal age at the time of hospitalization were statistically significantly lower and length of hospitalization was statistically significantly higher in patients with blood incompatibility.
Conclusion: Gender and mode of delivery were not significantly associated with hospitalization total bilirubin and duration of phototherapy. Patients with weight loss had statistically higher hospitalization total bilirubin than those without weight loss. In addition, the length of hospitalization of patients with ABO incompatibility was statistically significantly longer than patients hospitalized with other diagnoses.
Comparison of the Clinical Features and Prognostic Value of Inflammation-Based Markers in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Sekmek Serhat , Köş Fahriye Tuğba , Uçar Gökhan , Bayram Doğan , Civelek Burak
Published: September 2024

Aim: Inflammation-related markers are the factors affecting prognosis in many types of cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammation-related markers, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) with prognosis of patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS).
Methods: Patients diagnosed with uLMS were reviewed retrospectively. NLR, PLR, SII, and PNI values were calculated at the diagnosis and before treatment. Totally 35 patients were included in the study.
Results: Median overall survival (OS) in the low-NLR (
Prematüre Retinopatisinin Önlenebilir Postnatal Risk Faktörleri
Authors: Yangın Ergon Ezgi , Alkan Özdemir Senem , Çolak Rüya , Kalkanlı Oğuz Han , Eriş Dilem , Altan Emir Volkan , Bekmez Sinan , Eriş Erdem , Çalkavur Şebnem , Gökmen Yıldırım Tülin
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Prematüre retinopatisi (ROP), çocukluk çağı körlüğünün önemli ve önlenebilir bir nedenidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tedavi gerektiren ROP gelişme riski taşıyan bebekleri öngörmek için değiştirilebilir doğum sonrası risk faktörlerini belirlemektir.
Yöntemler: Dosya bilgileri incelenerek 32. gebelik haftasından küçük veya 1500 gr'ın altında doğan ve ROP açısından taranan 120 bebek çalışmaya dahil edildi. Retrospektif olarak planlanan çalışmada, tedavi gerektiren ROP için maternal ve neonatal değişkenler, univariate ve multivariate logistik regresyon kullanılarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Yüz yirmi preterm bebeğin, ortalama gestasyonel yaşı (GY) 29,35 ± 2,32 hafta ve doğum ağırlığı (DA) ise 1249,78 ± 332,66 g idi. Prematüre retinopatisi insidansı, tedavi gerektirmeyen ROP grubunda 39 (%32,5), tedavi gerektiren grupta ise 21 (%17,5) idi. Tek değişkenli analizde küçük GY, düşük DA, koryoamniyonit, oksijen desteği, mekanik ventilasyon ve nazal ventilasyon süresinin uzaması, doğum sonrası hipotansiyon, inotrop kullanımında artış, apne, transfüzyon, sürfaktan kullanımı, total enteral beslenmede gecikme, hiperbilirubinemi, fototerapi, respiratuvar distres sendromu, bronkopulmoner displazi (BPD), patent duktus arteriyozus, doğum sonrası ikinci, üçüncü ve dördüncü haftalarda zayıf kilo alımı, birinci ayda yüksek protein alımı ve yaşamın dördüncü haftasında baş çevresi artışının daha az olması ile tedavi gerektiren ROP oluşumu ilişkili bulundu (p
PrimerAntitüberküloz İlaçlara Dirençli MycobacterumTuberculosis Kompleks İzolatlarında Dirençle İlişkili Yaygın Mutasyonların Araştırılması
Authors: Şahin İbrahim Halil , Akpolat Nezahat , Yakıcı Gülfer , Özcan Nida
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Dünya çapında ciddi bir halk sağlığı sorununa dönüşen çok ilaca dirençli tüberküloz(ÇİD-TB) etkenlerinin hızlı bir şekilde teşhisi ve direnç profilinin belirlenmesi, tüberküloz için doğru tedavi protokollerin oluşturulmasında ve kontrolünde kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile tüberküloz ön tanılı hastaların klinik materyallerinden izole edilen Mycobacteriumtuberculosis kompleks(MTBK) suşlarının MGIT 960 SIRE sistemi ile fenotipik olarak primer anti-tüberküloz ilaçlara direnç profillerinin ve GenoType MTBDR plus testi ile bu direnç gelişimi ile ilişkilendirilen rpoB, KatG, rrs, InhA, embB gibi genlerdeki yaygın mutasyonların saptanması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Ocak 2014-Ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Hastanesi Merkez Laboratuvarı Mikobakteriyoloji biriminde, klinik materyallerden izole edilen, immünokromotografik bir antijen(Ag) testi olan MPT64(BD,Polonya)ile MTBK izolatları olduğu tespit edilen ve BACTEC MGIT 960 sistemi ile primer anti-tüberküloz ilaçlara dirençli olduğu saptanan klinik izolatlar dahil edildi. Toplam 69 izolatın 32’si (%46,4) çok ilaca dirençli (ÇİD), 34’ü (%49,3) izoniazid (INH) ile birlikte primer seçenek anti-tüberküloz ajanlardan bir veya birkaçına, üçü (%4,3) ise rifampine (RIF) dirençli olduğu saptanan izolatlar GenoType MTBDR plus yöntemi ile dirençle ilişkili genlerdeki yaygın mutasyonlar tespit edildi.
Bulgular: Rifampin dirençli izolatların 19’unda (%57,6) rpoB geninin 531. kodonundaki TCG/TTG mutasyonu, izoniazid dirençli izolatların 14’ünde (%46,7) katG315 gen bölgesindeki AGC/ACC mutasyonu, 8’inde (%26,7) ise inhA gen bölgesinin -15 pozisyonunda C/T mutasyonları dirence yol açan yaygın mutasyonlardı.
Sonuç: Primer anti-tüberküloz ilaçlara dirençle ilgili mutasyonların belirlenmesinde kullanılan genotipik test(GenoType MTBDR plus) sonucunda, rifampisin direnci ile ilgili mutasyonların en çok rpoB geninin 531. kodonunda TCG/TTG mutasyonunun, izoniazid’e direncin ise katG geninin 315.Kodonunda AGC/ACC(Ser315Thr) mutasyonunun ve inhA gen bölgesinin -15 pozisyonundaki C/T mutasyonlarının dirence yol açan sık mutasyonlar olduğu saptanmış olup bu konuda daha önce yapılan çalışmalarla uyumlu bulunmuştur.
Cognitive screening for children: Piloting a new battery of interactive games in 4- to 8-year-old children
Authors: Jablonská Markéta , Fajnerová Iveta , Nekovářová Tereza
Published: September 2024

Cognitive screening at the preschool age can be helpful in the early detection of possible difficulties before the start of school attendance as problems during schooling can have profound consequences. While interactive tools are still limited for the Czech population, tools used for cognitive screening at a younger age often consist of traditional pen-and-paper methods. Such examinations can be very demanding and time-consuming. This pilot study therefore focuses on the usability testing of a newly developed battery of interactive games used for the screening of selected cognitive functions in children aged four to eight in a less demanding and more attractive way. The battery consists of three interactive games testing (1) attention (selective attention), (2) executive functions (inhibitory control), (3) memory (episodic-like memory). The study sample included 24 participants of preschool or younger school age, ranging from 4 to 8 years old, girls = 12 (50%). The analyses also concentrated on the comparison of the newly designed screening tool with selected traditional test methods. The results suggest that the newly developed battery is feasible, and for children, it is entertaining and attractive. The designed cognitive battery is a promising tool for the screening of cognitive functions in younger school-age children.
Can time flow differently if you are a virtual reality newcomer?
Authors: Manfredi Anna , Dal Lago Sofia , Romano Daniele Luigi , Gabbiadini Alessandro
Published: September 2024

Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have entered many aspects of daily life (e.g., workplace, education, gaming). VR users report that time flows faster when immersed in a virtual environment. Such an effect is supported by recent scientific evidence (Mullen & Davidenko, 2021). Indeed, a familiarity effect could foster such a time compression effect. To investigate this possibility, a between-subject design was adopted: in one condition, participants explored a virtual environment through a head-mounted display (HMD), whereas in the control condition, participants explored the same environment through a standard monitor. Participants were all instructed to produce an interval of 4 minutes so that longer produced durations in an interval production task were evidence of underestimation. Adopting a prospective time estimation paradigm, the time intervals produced were compared between the two conditions. Results confirmed the time compression effect: participants in the VR condition reported longer produced intervals than participants in the control condition. Furthermore, the significant interaction with levels of prior experience with VR technologies suggests that time compression effects may be more pronounced for VR newcomers, thus favoring an interpretation in terms of familiarity. The present findings provide valuable insights into the perception of time in virtual environments, suggesting the importance of continued research in this emerging technology. Limits, implications, and the need for further research are finally discussed.
Analysis of cognitive behavioural therapy apps for generalised anxiety disorder: Evidence-based content and user experience
Authors: Munteanu Teresa , Kannis-Dymand Lee , Millear Prudence , Jones Monique
Published: September 2024

Mental illness substantially contributes to the global burden of disease, with anxiety high in prevalence. The increase of mobile technology, mental health apps have potential to lessen this burden. However, within apps, the use of evidence-based interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) are limited. Regardless, many commercially available mental health apps are highly rated by users, highlighting the need to understand what makes mental health apps valuable to the user. The contribution of this study was to uncover apps that support generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and worry with a CBT basis, explore app functionality, and user experience. Firstly, by identifying apps that support GAD and worry and included CBT. Secondly, by identifying and analysing therapeutic and engagement functions within the apps, and finally, by thematically analysing user reviews. Six apps were identified to support GAD and worry that purported to be CBT-based. However, CBT therapeutic features and engagement features were minimally present in the apps. User reviews yielded 112 comments about the apps and key themes were identified about the app users’ global experiences with the app, and about the combination of technological (e.g., useability, reliability) and therapeutic experiences (e.g., learning and using skills). Future development of quality apps to support GAD and worry must consider the empirical standing of both therapeutic and technology aspects, to provide efficacious and engaging interventions.
Workforce development in the transport sector amidst environmental change: A conceptual review
Authors: Magnus Chukwuebuka Ahuchogu  , Temitope Oluwafunmike Sanyaolu  , Adams Gbolahan Adeleke
Published: September 2024

This study embarks on an exploratory journey to elucidate the complex interplay between workforce development and environmental sustainability within the transport sector. It underscores the critical importance of nurturing a skilled workforce capable of propelling the sector towards sustainable practices, thereby addressing pressing environmental challenges. To achieve a comprehensive understanding, this review synthesizes a wide array of data sources, adopting a strategic framework for literature search and analysis. The methodology hinges on stringent criteria for literature selection, ensuring the relevance and quality of the information reviewed. Central to the study is the development of a theoretical framework that situates workforce development within the paradigm of sustainable transport. This includes an examination of the architectural underpinnings of sustainable transport systems, the potential for modal shifts to lessen environmental impacts, and the pivotal role of technological and methodological advancements. Moreover, the review highlights innovative practices in workforce training and development that are crucial for meeting future demands. The in-depth analysis sheds light on the multifaceted impacts of workforce development initiatives on achieving sustainable transport objectives, emphasizing the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. It identifies existing gaps in workforce competencies and outlines strategies for skill enhancement. Additionally, the study emphasizes the indispensable role of policy, standards, and stakeholder collaboration in fostering sustainable transport. Conclusively, the study presents strategic recommendations for policymakers, educators, and industry leaders, charting a course for a resilient and sustainable transport workforce. It posits that an integrative approach, marrying workforce development with environmental sustainability, is essential for navigating the future challenges and opportunities within the transport sector.
Identifikasi Habituasi Literasi pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Marlin Marlin , Rahmah Nur , Mirnawati Mirnawati
Published: September 2024

This study aims to identify the habituation of reading and writing literacy in elementary schools, focusing on the implementation process, challenges, and solutions. The research is qualitative in nature, employing a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis follows the interactive analysis technique based on the theory of Miles and Huberman. The subjects of this research are fifth-grade students and their homeroom teachers at SD 46 Matarin, Bastem District. Findings reveal that the implementation of reading and writing literacy habituation in Indonesian language learning at the elementary level aligns with the guidelines set by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. The obstacles encountered include students' lack of interest in reading and concentration, insufficient support from the family environment, and limited facilities and resources. Solutions proposed include providing a variety of reading materials, engaging parents, and personalized approaches by teachers to students.