bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric imaging based on horizontally normalized weight-adjustable Shannon entropy for tissue characterization
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Li Xinze , Gu Yang , Jiao Yang , Dong Fenglin , Cui Yaoyao
Published: March 2024

Ultrasonic B-mode imaging provides real-time and non-invasive imaging for soft tissue diagnosis in clinical use, but its limited contrast leads to the challenge of detection accuracy. Quantitative ultrasound techniques have been proposed as a promising method for soft tissue characterization and reflecting the microstructure of lesions. This study proposed a novel entropy called horizontally normalized weight-adjustable Shannon entropy (hNWASE). An adjustable weight factor was added to this entropy, so that the entropy value can be changed and the imaging performance can be adjusted to lesions according to different positions and acoustic characteristics. The relationship between the adjustable parameter n and the imaging performance was explored. Moreover, the performance of the proposed hNWASE imaging was compared with weighted Shannon entropy (WSE) imaging, and horizontally normalized Shannon entropy (hNSE) imaging by both simulations and clinical data. hNSE imaging obtained a Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.68 ± 0.11 in the thyroid nodule diagnostic tests, which underestimated the periphery of the nodule. WSE imaging got the largest area difference of 3.70 ± 1.4 mm2 between the ground truth and predicted area, which indicated that the delineation of the nodule boundary by the WSE was too large. hNWASE imaging got superior lesion area prediction with the MCC of 0.81 ± 0.06, F1 score of 0.81 ± 0.07, and generalized contrast-to-noise ratio of 0.98 ± 0.03. These findings suggested that hNWASE imaging could improve image quality and be a promising technique for tissue characterization.
Determination of diethylstilbestrol in environmental water based on electrochemical senser modified with vanadium based metal organic framework material composite
Authors: Zeng Wanpen , Wang Keli , Zhou Yuan , Deng Xiang , Xu Ruichao , Chen Wen
Published: March 2024

In this research, the MIL-47/ACET/Nafion/GCE electrochemical senser for the determination of diethylstilbestrol (DES) was prepared with vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4·nH2O) and terephthalic acid (H2BDC) as the main raw materials, compounded with acetylene black (ACET) and perfluorosulfonic acid polymer (Nafion). The compound DES belongs to the category of estrogens, and prolonged exposure to the environment can have detrimental effects on the physiological functioning of both humans and animals. Due to the strong DES enrichment performance of MIL-47(V-MOFs) with large specific surface area, in addition to the excellent conductivity and electrocatalysis of composite materials, this modified senser had good electrochemical response to DES. With differential pulse voltammetry, in optimum condition of 0.1 M NaH2PO4–Na2HPO4 at pH = 7.0, potential interval of −1.0 to 1.0 V, enrichment time of 120 s and enrichment potential of 0.2 V, there was a good linear relationship between peak current and the concentration of DES over the range of 0.1 and 50 μM, and the limit of detection was 0.008 μM. The sensor accurately detected DES in actual water samples, with recovery rates ranging from 89.21% to 105.3%. The electrochemical sensor was simple to prepare and had practical significance for the detection of DES in water. The research results of the sensor provide another alternative analytical means for the sensitive detection of DES in the environment, which is important for maintaining public health.
Harmonization of three different accelerometers to classify the 24 h activity cycle
Authors: Boudreaux Benjamin D , Frederick Ginny M , O’Connor Patrick J , Evans Ellen M , Schmidt Michael D
Published: March 2024

Increasing interest in measuring key components of the 24 h activity cycle (24-HAC) [sleep, sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)] has led to a need for better methods. Single wrist-worn accelerometers and different self-report instruments can assess the 24-HAC but may not accurately classify time spent in the different components or be subject to recall errors. Objective. To overcome these limitations, the current study harmonized output from multiple complimentary research grade accelerometers and assessed the feasibility and logistical challenges of this approach. Approach. Participants (n = 108) wore an: (a) ActiGraph GT9X on the wrist, (b) activPAL3 on the thigh, and (c) ActiGraph GT3X+ on the hip for 7–10 d to capture the 24-HAC. Participant compliance with the measurement protocol was compared across devices and an algorithm was developed to harmonize data from the accelerometers. The resulting 24-HAC estimates were described within and across days. Main results. Usable data for each device was obtained from 94.3% to 96.7% of participants and 89.4% provided usable data from all three devices. Compliance with wear instructions ranged from 70.7% of days for the GT3X+ to 93.2% of days for the activPAL3. Harmonized estimates indicated that, on average, university students spent 34% of the 24 h day sleeping, 41% sedentary, 21% in LPA, and 4% in MVPA. These behaviors varied substantially by time of day and day of the week. Significance. It is feasible to use three accelerometers in combination to derive a harmonized estimate the 24-HAC. The use of multiple accelerometers can minimize gaps in 24-HAC data however, factors such as additional research costs, and higher participant and investigator burden, should also be considered.
Modelling of bioparticle separation in the dielectrophoresis microfluidic using the Brinkman flow
Authors: Olfat Mostafa , Kadivar Erfan
Published: March 2024

In this study, we numerically investigate the dynamics of bioparticle separation in the dielectrophoretic microfluidic device. The straight section of the microchannel consists of a pair of semicircular electrodes on its up and down walls. The different electric potentials are applied to electric electrodes. In the present study, the electric field distribution is obtained by solving the Laplace equation using the boundary element method. After that, we compute the particle trajectory by solving the Brinkman differential equation by applying the boundary element method. In order to compare the numerical results obtained from the boundary element method, we calculate the trajectory of bioparticles using Newton equation in the presence of dielectrophoresis force. Based on the control parameters, the different sorting regimes have been obtained as a function of particle size, applied electric potential, and electrode shape. We have found a good agreement between two numerical methods. Numerical results indicate that for electric voltage ratio of up electrode to down electrode, Φ
u
/Φ
d
, smaller than 8.0, platelets flow through the down outlet. We also found that the circulating tumor cells are trapped in the microfluidic channel when the electric potential ratio larger than the 3.8.
Exact FLRW cosmological solutions via invariants of the symmetry groups
Authors: Ahmadi-Azar E , Atazadeh K , Eghbali A
Published: March 2024

Until now, various methods have been demonstrated to solve the Friedmann-Lamaítre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) equations in the spatially flat (k = 0) cosmological model. In this study, in order to solve the field equations of the spatially flat FLRW cosmological model in the presence of Λ, a new method based on the invariants of the symmetry groups which we called ISG-method, is presented. This method is based on the extended Prelle-Singer (PS) method and it uses the Lie point symmetry, λ-symmetry and Darboux polynomials (DPs). We employ this method to extract systematically the two independent first integrals (or invariants) such as

I

1

(
a
,

a

̇

)
=

c

1

and

I

2

(
t
,
a
,

a

̇

)
=

c

2

associated to the group of the Lie point transformations keeping the Friedmann-Einstein dynamical equation (DE),

a

̈

=
ϕ
(
t
,
a
,

a

̇

)

, invariant. The obtained solutions from solving the DEs of the FLRW cosmological model by the ISG-method are explicitly written, so that they are suitable for cosmological applications. Finally, as an application of the solutions we look at the age of universe in the presence of cosmological constant where the dominant matter of the Universe is considered to be fluid with the state parameter w. In this regard, we calculate the age of universe when the dominant matter is dust.
Optical fabrication of (2 + 1)-dimensional photorefractive photonic lattices by improved Billet split lens
Authors: Guo Peng , Jin Wentao , Fu Shaochun , Liu Longsheng , Sun Xiaohong
Published: March 2024

A convenient way to optical fabricate (2 + 1)-dimensional photonic lattice microstructures was experimentally demonstrated in photorefractive crystal. An improved Billet split lens combined with a Fourier transform lens can generate large area interference of multiple plane waves. The (2 + 1)-dimensional square photonic lattice microstructures are optically induced in an iron doped lithium niobate crystal. Induced lattice microstructures are analyzed and validated using several different experimental methods. This method has good flexibility and scalability, stable equipment, and does not require complex adjustment systems. It can be used to optical fabricate more types of (2 + 1)-dimensional lattice microstructures by design and processing of improved Billet split lens reasonably.
Masking quantum information in multipartite systems based on generator matrices
Authors: Wang Meng-Ya , Bai Chen-Ming , Feng Ya-Nan , Zhang Sujuan , Liu Lu
Published: March 2024

Quantum information masking is a protocol that hides the original quantum information from subsystems and spreads it over quantum correlation, which the original information of input states is completely unknown to local subsystems. In this paper, we explore the possibility of partial masking of quantum information in multipartite systems through using the generator matrices and stabilizer codes, as this approach is more suitable for constructing secret sharing protocols. Furthermore, if the condition for partial masking of quantum information is strengthened, it can be shown that the quantum state

α

|

0
⟩
+
β

|

1
⟩

can be masked in multipartite systems. Among them, partial masking of quantum information has a wider scope of application because it has fewer restrictions. To some extent, the masking of quantum information can be seen as a special case of partial masking. At last, we provide an example of how masked quantum information can be restored to its original state.
Intensity- and frequency-specific effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation are explained by network dynamics
Authors: Zhao Zhihe , Shirinpour Sina , Tran Harry , Wischnewski Miles , Opitz Alexander
Published: March 2024

Objective. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can be used to non-invasively entrain neural activity and thereby cause changes in local neural oscillatory power. Despite its increased use in cognitive and clinical neuroscience, the fundamental mechanisms of tACS are still not fully understood. Approach. We developed a computational neuronal network model of two-compartment pyramidal neurons (PY) and inhibitory interneurons, which mimic the local cortical circuits. We modeled tACS with electric field strengths that are achievable in human applications. We then simulated intrinsic network activity and measured neural entrainment to investigate how tACS modulates ongoing endogenous oscillations. Main results. The intensity-specific effects of tACS are non-linear. At low intensities (<0.3 mV mm−1), tACS desynchronizes neural firing relative to the endogenous oscillations. At higher intensities (>0.3 mV mm−1), neurons are entrained to the exogenous electric field. We then further explore the stimulation parameter space and find that the entrainment of ongoing cortical oscillations also depends on stimulation frequency by following an Arnold tongue. Moreover, neuronal networks can amplify the tACS-induced entrainment via synaptic coupling and network effects. Our model shows that PY are directly entrained by the exogenous electric field and drive the inhibitory neurons. Significance. The results presented in this study provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the intensity- and frequency-specific effects of oscillating electric fields on neuronal networks. This is crucial for rational parameter selection for tACS in cognitive studies and clinical applications.
Arm muscle synergies enhance hand posture prediction in combination with forearm muscle synergies
Authors: Tanzarella Simone , Di Domenico Dario , Forsiuk Inna , Boccardo Nicolò , Chiappalone Michela , Bartolozzi Chiara , Semprini Marianna
Published: March 2024

Objective. We analyze and interpret arm and forearm muscle activity in relation with the kinematics of hand pre-shaping during reaching and grasping from the perspective of human synergistic motor control. Approach. Ten subjects performed six tasks involving reaching, grasping and object manipulation. We recorded electromyographic (EMG) signals from arm and forearm muscles with a mix of bipolar electrodes and high-density grids of electrodes. Motion capture was concurrently recorded to estimate hand kinematics. Muscle synergies were extracted separately for arm and forearm muscles, and postural synergies were extracted from hand joint angles. We assessed whether activation coefficients of postural synergies positively correlate with and can be regressed from activation coefficients of muscle synergies. Each type of synergies was clustered across subjects. Main results. We found consistency of the identified synergies across subjects, and we functionally evaluated synergy clusters computed across subjects to identify synergies representative of all subjects. We found a positive correlation between pairs of activation coefficients of muscle and postural synergies with important functional implications. We demonstrated a significant positive contribution in the combination between arm and forearm muscle synergies in estimating hand postural synergies with respect to estimation based on muscle synergies of only one body segment, either arm or forearm (p < 0.01). We found that dimensionality reduction of multi-muscle EMG root mean square (RMS) signals did not significantly affect hand posture estimation, as demonstrated by comparable results with regression of hand angles from EMG RMS signals. Significance. We demonstrated that hand posture prediction improves by combining activity of arm and forearm muscles and we evaluate, for the first time, correlation and regression between activation coefficients of arm muscle and hand postural synergies. Our findings can be beneficial for myoelectric control of hand prosthesis and upper-limb exoskeletons, and for biomarker evaluation during neurorehabilitation.
Progress in design and experimental activities for the development of an advanced breeding blanket
Authors: Fernández-Berceruelo I. , Palermo I. , Urgorri F.R. , Rapisarda D. , González M. , Alguacil J. , Catalán J.P. , García J.M. , Kekrt J. , Kordač M. , Krastiņš I. , Melichar T. , Noguerón J.Á. , Platacis E. , Petráš R. , Roldán M. , Rueda A. , Serna J. , Sosa D. , Suàrez D.
Published: March 2024

There is no doubt about the interest of achieving as fast as possible the capability to build and operate high performance reactors that finally allow fusion competing in the electricity market. An advanced breeding blanket based on the Dual Coolant Lithium Lead concept with single module segment architecture, designed for the European DEMO, is certainly aligned with such objective. This work describes some recent outcomes of the efforts carried out in the framework of the Prospective R&D Work Package in EUROfusion to develop this line. The evolution of the design has been guided by strategies aimed to achieve an equilibrium between tritium breeding & shielding requirements and mechanical integrity. To enhance the thermodynamic cycle efficiency and reduce the recirculation power by minimizing pressure losses in both the breeding zone and the first wall have been complementary guidelines. Specific models have been created to characterize phenomena like heat transfer and tritium permeation in the breeder channels. The experimental activities, which in general have produced promising results, have consisted in the characterization of different ceramic materials (carbides and oxides) in terms of functional properties at high temperature (as-received and irradiated/implanted samples) and compatibility with PbLi.
Universality in coupled stochastic Burgers systems with degenerate flux Jacobian
Authors: Roy Dipankar , Dhar Abhishek , Khanin Konstantin , Kulkarni Manas , Spohn Herbert
Published: March 2024

In our contribution we study stochastic models in one space dimension with two conservation laws. One model is the coupled continuum stochastic Burgers equation, for which each current is a sum of quadratic nonlinearities, linear diffusion, and spacetime white noise. The second model is a two-lane stochastic lattice gas. As distinct from previous studies, the two conserved densities are tuned such that the flux Jacobian, a2×2matrix, has coinciding eigenvalues. In the steady state, spacetime correlations of the conserved fields and the time-integrated currents at the origin are investigated. For a particular choice of couplings, the dynamical exponent 3/2 is confirmed. Furthermore, at these couplings, the continuum stochastic Burgers equation and lattice gas are demonstrated to be in the same universality class.
Engaging theoretically primed students in second year lab courses
Authors: Logman P S W M
Published: March 2024

During their second year, about 50 undergraduate physics students engage in an open inquiry lab course of 56 hours that prepares them for their bachelor research project. Two combined theory-practical courses (of which 84 hours are spent in the lab) precede this open inquiry course. These preceding courses focus on specific research skills or the use of new theory in experiments (among others the Fourier transform and signal processing). These courses are based on Holmes’ SQI-model. The final open inquiry course that focuses on general research skills is based on Etkina’s ISLE-model. From literature we have identified 5 educational design criteria to engage students in such lab courses and implemented them. One of these was effective in our implementation. We have found that quantitative physics research as opposed to design research or focusing on certain skills is needed to make our theoretically-primed students appreciate our lab courses more. It helped our students to see the meaning of our experiments better and see the need for what we want them to learn in our lab courses. For the other 4 design criteria anecdotal evidence was found shedding some light on the way in which they may work.
Development and evaluation of relative QA dosimeter for electron beam based on CsPbBr3
Authors: Yang Seung-woo , Shin Yo-han , Jung Jae-hoon , Cho Heung-Lae , Park Sung-kwang
Published: March 2024

Quality assurance (QA) of electron beams must be performed regularly to ensure accurate radiation therapy. Therefore, a QA dosimeter for electron beams is required for accurate electron beam QA measurement. In this study, the electron beam detection performance of CsPbBr3 material was measured. And it was evaluated whether it could be applied as a QA dosimeter for electron beams. To evaluate feasibility, reproducibility, linearity, and PDD were measured, and evaluated at 6 MeV, 9 MeV, and 12 MeV energies of the linear accelerator. The reproducibility evaluation results showed relative standard deviations of 1.06% at 6 MeV, 1.39% at 9 MeV, and 1.49% at 12 MeV. Linearity result evaluation, the coefficient of determination R2 was presented as 0.9996, 0.9994, and 0.9992 at energies of 6, 9, and 12 MeV, respectively. When PDD was measured using the manufactured dosimeter, Dmax points for each energy band of 6, 9, and 12 MeV were shown. The CsPbBr3 relative dosimeter produced in this study shows detection performance that satisfies the evaluation criteria of reproducibility, linearity, and PDD. These results mean that the CsPbBr3 dosimeter is feasible as a QA dosimeter dedicated to electron beams.
Design of the ASIC readout scheme for the JUNO-TAO experiment
Authors: Qu Manhao , Wang Wei , Zhang Jie , Cao Guofu , Lu Shuxiang ,   the JUNO collaboration
Published: March 2024

The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO) has been proposed to precisely measure the reactor antineutrino spectrum with an energy resolution better than 2% at 1 MeV. It can provide a reference spectrum to the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) to enhance its sensitivity to the neutrino mass ordering measurement. In addition, TAO can also provide a benchmark to verify the nuclear database and conduct new physics searches. The TAO detector is a 2.8-ton liquid scintillator detector equipped with a 10 m2 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array to collect the light with a coverage of 94%. The TAO detector will be operated at -50 °C to suppress the SiPM dark count rate. In this work, we report on the design of a readout system based on the KLauS6 chip to handle the outputs from the SiPMs, which exhibits advantages of high granularity (potentially good particle identification) and large dynamic range. A dedicated mockup system has been built and its performance carefully evaluated both at room and low temperatures, measuring gain, charge linearity, signal-to-noise ratio, and dead time. The testing results show that the performance of this system can meet the requirements of TAO. However, an abnormal increase in current at 1.8 V analog power of the KLauS6 chip has been observed when operating it at temperatures below -20 °C, resulting in a potential risk on the long-term reliability. Therefore, the KLauS-based readout design is considered as an alternative option for the future upgrading of the TAO's readout system. This study also provides a reference and guidance for other relevant applications.
Stickiness in shear: stiffness, shape, and sealing in bioinspired suction cups affect shear performance on diverse surfaces
Authors: Hernandez Alyssa M , Sandoval Jessica A , Yuen Michelle C , Wood Robert J
Published: March 2024

Aquatic organisms utilizing attachment often contend with unpredictable environments that can dislodge them from substrates. To counter these forces, many organisms (e.g. fish, cephalopods) have evolved suction-based organs for adhesion. Morphology is diverse, with some disc shapes deviating from a circle to more ovate designs. Inspired by the diversity of multiple aquatic species, we investigated how bioinspired cups with different disc shapes performed in shear loading conditions. These experiments highlighted pertinent physical characteristics found in biological discs (regions of stiffness, flattened margins, a sealing rim), as well as ecologically relevant shearing conditions. Disc shapes of fabricated cups included a standard circle, ellipses, and other bioinspired designs. To consider the effects of sealing, these stiff silicone cups were produced with and without a soft rim. Cups were tested using a force-sensing robotic arm, which directionally sheared them across surfaces of varying roughness and compliance in wet conditions while measuring force. In multiple surface and shearing conditions, elliptical and teardrop shapes outperformed the circle, which suggests that disc shape and distribution of stiffness may play an important role in resisting shear. Additionally, incorporating a soft rim increased cup performance on rougher substrates, highlighting interactions between the cup materials and surfaces asperities. To better understand how these cup designs may resist shear, we also utilized a visualization technique (frustrated total internal reflection; FTIR) to quantify how contact area evolves as the cup is sheared.
Unveiling water allocation dynamics: a text analysis of 25 years of stakeholder meetings
Authors: Nunes Carvalho Taís Maria , Souza Filho Francisco de Assis de , Madruga de Brito Mariana
Published: March 2024

Managing water resources in regions with high climate variability and frequent extreme weather events poses challenges for policymakers. To facilitate water allocation in these cases, participatory and collaborative decision-making approaches have become common. However, the evaluation of these approaches is hindered by the lack of structured methods and data to understand them. To address this knowledge gap, we propose a novel methodology that leverages text data to identify key topics, conflicts, and influential actors that shape water allocation dynamics. Our methodology is tested using records of 1020 water basin committee meetings held between 1997 and 2021 across 12 basin committees in Ceará, Brazil—a region known for its extensive history of droughts that have impacted water governance. To uncover key water management issues discussed during these meetings, we employed a three-step topic modeling framework: (1) sentence embedding, (2) dimensionality reduction, and (3) sentence clustering. Furthermore, we used entity recognition, dependency parsing, and network graphs to identify powerful actors influencing these meetings and, ultimately, the decisions taken. Our findings revealed stakeholders’ heightened concern for urban water supply over agricultural demand during droughts. We found that ‘reservoir operation’ was the most recurring topic, especially in basins where the strategic reservoirs are located. Discussions related to ‘climate information’ became significantly more important over time, which indicates that water allocation decisions are increasingly based on the seasonal forecast and data on oceanic indices provided by the meteorology agency. Despite the presence of local users in the committees, governmental representatives dominated the discussions and were central in all river basins. In conclusion, our proposed approach harnesses existing text data to uncover spatiotemporal patterns related to participatory water allocation. This study opens new avenues for investigating water governance using text-based analysis.
Fluctuation theorem as a special case of Girsanov theorem
Authors: Dutta Annwesha , Sarkar Saikat
Published: March 2024

Stochastic thermodynamics is an important development in the direction of finding general thermodynamic principles for non-equilibrium systems. We believe stochastic thermodynamics has the potential to benefit from the measure-theoretic framework of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). Toward this, in this work, we show that fluctuation theorem (FT) is a special case of the Girsanov theorem, which is an important result in the theory of SDEs. We report that by employing Girsanov transformation of measures between the forward and the reversed dynamics of a general class of Langevin dynamic systems, we arrive at the integral fluctuation relation. Following the same approach, we derive the FT also for the overdamped case. Our derivation is applicable to both transient and steady state conditions and can also incorporate diffusion coefficients varying as a function of state and time, e.g. in the context of multiplicative noise. We expect that the proposed method will be an easy route towards deriving the FT irrespective of the complexity and non-linearity of the system.
An invariant measure of chiral quantum transport
Authors: Ziegler K
Published: March 2024

We study the invariant measure of the transport correlator for a chiral Hamiltonian and analyze its properties. The Jacobian of the invariant measure is a function of random phases. Then we distinguish the invariant measure before and after the phase integration. In the former case we found quantum diffusion of fermions and a uniform zero mode that is associated with particle conservation. After the phase integration the transport correlator reveals two types of evolution processes, namely classical diffusion and back-folded random walks. Which one dominates the other depends on the details of the underlying chiral Hamiltonian and may lead either to classical diffusion or to the suppression of diffusion.
Preface: The 5th International Conference on Environmental Resources Management (ICERM) 2023
Authors: Nugroho Adji Tjahyo , Gomez Christopher , Hwan Hwang Jin , Yi Lin Tsung , Azahari Razak Khamarrul
Published: March 2024

Water resources have become crucial for livelihood in the previous decade [1,2]. Population pressure, climate change, hydrological disasters, and inadequate implementation of integrated water resource management have all been topics of concern among water resource professionals [3,4,5]. Meanwhile, poor hydrological data and a lack of government policy focus (especially in developing countries) on hydrological data collecting are challenges that make it difficult to implement water resource management and integration to secure human livelihood [6,7].

The Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, particularly the Department of Environmental Geography, has a long track record and experience in addressing water resource concerns and their relationship to other elements of livelihood. In this case, in an era of rapid development, particularly in developing countries, and increasing awareness of global climate change, the Department is looking to highlight the most recent issues and discuss efforts related to sustainable water resource management by hosting the 5th International Conference on Environmental Resources Management (ICERM).

The conference, with the theme “Water resources management for sustainable livelihood,” was held on September 26, 2023, in Jogjakarta, Indonesia. 57 presenters from 5 nations attended the conference, which was preceded by 12 keynote and invited speakers from 6 countries. The 5th ICERM’s sub-topics are as follows:

• Implementation of integrated water resources management;

• Livelihood and water resources management in urban areas;

• Water equity for sustainable development;

• Marine sciences and coastal management;

• Ecosystem and tropical lake management;

• New urban agenda and sustainable urban development;

• Natural resources and disaster management;

• Environmental sciences and climate change; and

• Human geography and spatial planning

Finally, we would like to extend our appreciation and gratitude to all parties that assisted and cooperated towards making this conference a success. This conference is supported by Faculty of Geography UGM and the Publishing Agency of UGM, and in cooperation with Flinders University, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Seoul National University, Kobe University, National Taiwan Normal University, CSIRO, SEALNet-Malaysia University of Science, Indonesian Geographer Society, Indonesian Hydrological Society, Indonesian Limnological Society, Indonesian Groundwater Experts Association, and Chinese Academy of Science.
Analyzing the hydraulic performance of water gates due to the impact of extreme rainfall on tidal lowlands: a case study in Katingan rice fields area, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Kamil I , Jayadi R , Rahardjo A P
Published: March 2024

Rice fields in the Katingan tidal lowlands are inundated due to spring tides and extreme rainfall. Excessive inundation in the rice fields causes crop failure. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the use of water gates in the secondary canals for controlling the inundation. The unsteady flow simulation boundary conditions are the upstream discharge with a return period of 5 and 25 years and measured tidal. The water flow is controlled by closing the sluice gates at the water level elevation of +3.50 m, and flap gates close during high tide and rainfall. This research shows that controlling the water flow by gates decreases the water level and inundation area. Under rainfall with a return period of 5 years, the inundation area decreased by 79.03 %, and the maximum water level decreased by 0.14 m. In the rainfall with a return period of 25 years, the inundation area decreased by 75.31%, and the maximum water level decreased by 0.11 m. The water gates’ operation incompletely decreases the inundation and water level beneath rice crops’ threshold inundation depth and duration. Therefore, there is a need for additional water control to optimize the decrease of inundation in the rice fields.
Silver waste distribution in effluents and Gajahwong and Mantras Pioro River segments from the silver craft industry in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Udzkhiyati N L , Widyastuti M
Published: March 2024

Silver is a hazardous heavy metal that can be found in waters due to effluents from silver crafting. This research aimed to determine the silver contents of effluents from the silver craft industry in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, and analyze the distribution of silver in the receiving bodies of water: Gajahwong and Mantras Pioro River segments. Laboratory tests were conducted to calculate the presence of silver in effluents, river water, and river sediments, and a correlation analysis was employed to investigate the spatial correlation between silver concentrations and silver craft industries. Laboratory test results found silver at <0.0024-88.48 mg/L in effluents. When disposed of into the river, the silver-containing effluents cause contamination in both river segments, as evidenced by <0.0024 mg/L of silver in the water and 2.80-4.04 mg/Kg in the sediment. The distribution pattern also suggested that the concentration of silver increases as the number of silver craft industries on each side of the two river segments increases. In conclusion, the distribution of silver craft industries influences the spread of silver content in the Gajahwong and Mantras Pioro segments.
CO2 Uptake and Domestic Wastewater Treatment by Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Manusiwa B C , Purwono S , Nugroho A P
Published: March 2024

Various anthropogenic activities worsen climate conditions and cause water scarcity. As result, many studies have been conducted using microalgae to address these problems. Chlorella vulgaris is known to thrive in different type of environmental condition, making it beneficial for utilization. The objectives of this research were to combine the use of domestic wastewater (DWW) while at the same time inject CO2 in order to analyze C. vulgaris’ ability to perform CO2 uptake and wastewater treatment. Industrial CO2 gas cylinder was used to supply CO2 into the airlift photobioreactor (PBR) containing 40% and 60% DWW. C. vulgaris was inoculated into the biosystem and cultivated for 7 days. The results show that C. vulgaris can grow under high CO2 supply conditions and used DWW as a nutrient source. The efficiency of pollutant absorption, such as ammonia, phosphate, MBAS ranges from 82.28% to 98.91%. However, its productivity is still low, and the organic matter (BOD and COD) treatment in DWW is not yet optimal.
The Correlation Between Economic Activities to Water Pollution in Banyumas District, Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Salsabila DA , Awalia NN , Maharani S , Ningtyas KA , Hakim MHR , Syaefudin NRC , Fawzi A , Fauziah V , Rofi’ A
Published: March 2024

Economic activity has both positive and negative impacts on the environment. One of the impacts of economic activity is the emergence of water pollution which can interfere with human life. This study aims to analyze the impact of economic activity on water pollution in Banyumas District. This study uses raw water pollution data from Village Potential Statistics of Banyumas District and economic activity data in Banyumas District from Sub-Districts in Figures from the Central Bureau of Statistics. Field observations were carried out on 32 polluted villages as sample points. The data analysis technique used in this study is simple linear regression. Based on the results of the analysis, a significance value was 0.663, and the regression result was t count (0.440) < t table (2.042) so it can be concluded that economic activity has no effect on water pollution.
Water Pollution and Its Correlation to Mineral Water Consumption Expenditure
Authors: Rofi A
Published: March 2024

Water is a basic need for human life. However, challenges of access to clean and healthy water are increasingly being by pollution. This condition forces households to pay for clean and healthy mineral water. This study examines the distribution of water pollution levels and household mineral water consumption in Indonesia. It examines the relationship between water pollution and the spending the household mineral water consumption. The data used in this study are water pollution level data for 2021 from the raw data of PODES 2021 and spending of consumption the household mineral water data from the raw data of the SUSENAS 2021. Both data were analyzed using correlation analysis to calculate the r value. Then the data is presented in a map of the distribution of water pollution and mineral water consumption spending by districts in Indonesia. The results showed that the correlation of the two variables had a positive value of 0.026. Even though the relationship is not very strong, this proves that the higher the water pollution, the greater the spending for household consumption of mineral water.. Kalimantan Island is an area with a high water pollution level. In the distribution of mineral water consumption expenditure for households, Indonesia is classified as having a low consumption level, while DKI Jakarta Province is an area that has high mineral water consumption expenditure of an average of IDR 183,396/month.
Lake management in ASEAN countries: issues and challenges
Authors: Wan Omar WM , Subehi L , Santos-Borja AC , Sirikanchana K , Inkhavilay K , Abd Hamid M , Ismail SN , Imroatushshoolikhah  , Rohaningsih D
Published: March 2024

As human populations grow, societal demands led to aquatic ecosystems degradation and vulnerabilities. In this paper, we identified several drivers to the impairment of water bodies in ASEAN, which are partly influenced by socio-economic activities of the nations, the morphometry, and watershed of the selected lake basins. There are barriers in managing these ecosystems, including fragmented management and administration, a lack of intersectoral coordination and governance, insufficient enforcement measures, and limited resources. A multi-dimensional approach is required to achieve a balance between environment, economy, and social needs, so that a resilience water body could be conserved. To achieve this, it is imperative and timely for the governments to include the inland waters as a prominent resource in the national water agenda, considering the present Decade for Ecosystem Restoration.
Development of Decision Support System (DSS) for surface runoff and erosion control structures planning: a case study in the Upper Citarum Watershed & towards sustainability inland waters ecosystem
Authors: Apip  , Subehi L , Fakhrudin M , Lee G , Aisyah S , Wibowo H , Verawati D , Hamid A , Nurhidayat A
Published: March 2024

The watershed ecosystem is a complex system in which there are numerous transportation and transfer mechanisms of mass and energy. To make management more effective in all national critical watersheds, there needs to be more scientific, evidence-based policymaking that is based on an understanding of the system and mechanisms of the socio-hydrological processes of the watershed. The availability of Decision Support System (DSS) technology can be the appropriate approach to this need because DSS can be an interface between scientific and practical needs (easy-to-use, easy-to-access, user-friendly). However, the availability and implementation of DSS as an important tool in the optimal design of sustainable watershed management in Indonesia are still very limited. This study aims to create a prototype DSS that practitioners and policymakers can use to identify priority areas and optimize technical solutions for controlling surface runoff and soil erosion at various scales in the internal watershed. Herein, the spatial-based numerical modeling system and process mechanism; the database and knowledge; and the Graphical User Interface (GUI) are the three main components that have been used as a framework for model-based DSS development. A distributed rainfall-runoff-erosion model (EcoHydro) is the main engine of DSS for spatially quantifying dimensions of hydrological responses, erosion rate, and sediment production according to the user’s specifications and providing design options for control measures of them. The upper Citarum river basin in West Java, which is a critical and first national priority watershed, has been selected as the case study for DSS development and to demonstrate its application. Furthermore, the resulting DSS can later be developed for use in watersheds and other nationally critical lakes.
The Concept of Sustainable Eco-Urban Settlement in Yogyakarta Peri-urban Area Regarding to Public Health Prevalence Reduction Efforts
Authors: Marwasta D , Yusuf H , Dewi D I
Published: March 2024

Settlement quality has always been a concern in development issues in Indonesia. Humans as residents who live in a settlement act as subjects and objects in development so the role of humans in the quality of settlements is also closely related. Settlement quality is one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), more precisely, the 11th goal which aims to make cities and settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. The general problem related to the quality of settlements is that most areas still have inadequate quality settlements and the density of existing settlements exceeds the carrying capacity and carrying capacity of the environment. This can affect the decline in environmental quality in these settlements. Diseases that occur due to environmental conditions can occur due to interactions between humans, human behavior, and the environment in which they live that have the potential to transmit disease. Poor residential environmental conditions will increase the risk of environmental-based disease transmission. One of the common environmental-based diseases that occurs in settlements is leptospirosis which is usually caused by poor environmental sanitation conditions and the presence of rats. Poor environmental conditions will indirectly affect the health conditions of residents, such as mothers and children in the house. Poor maternal and child health creates opportunities for stunting to occur. Stunting is a nutritional status outcome that occurs when a child has a height of less than −2.0 standard deviation (SD) compared to the population average.
First mile and last mile analysis using users’ perceived quality of Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT Jakarta) North-South Corridor Phase 1
Authors: Purba G A , Widiyastuti D
Published: March 2024

To address urban problems caused by high usage of private vehicles, it is important to understand how MRT Jakarta as a new public transportation mode in Jakarta, could support the mobility needs of its users not only within MRT stations but also throughout the entire journey from origin to destination. This study aims to analyze the socio-demographic characteristics of MRT Jakarta users, the first mile and last mile spatial mobility pattern, and the perceived quality of overall journey using MRT Jakarta. An online questionnaire was employed to collect data directly from MRT Jakarta users, encompassing socio-demographic information, spatial mobility patterns, and users’ evaluations on several influencing factors. The study concludes that improving the quality of the first mile segments can significantly improve the overall journey quality using MRT Jakarta.
Mapping of Multiple Hazards in the Cilongkrang Sub-Watershed, Majalengka, Indonesia
Authors: Muwahhid A , Alwi M , Sari S P , Tilova U D N , Pratama I D
Published: March 2024

The intensive agricultural activities in the Cilongkrang Sub-Watershed are causing environmental changes that can lead to various disasters. This study aims to map the spatial distribution of multiple hazards, including flash floods, erosion, and landslides. Three hazards selected because the critical condition of Cilongkrang Sub-Watershed as an upstream area caused the area to be prone to those hazards. The flash flood hazard model was created using the Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI) method, which uses land use, slope, vegetation cover, and soil texture. The erosion hazard model was created using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method with parameters such as erosivity, erodibility, slope length factor, crop management index, and soil conservation index. The landslide hazard model was created using the Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) method, which uses slope, landform, land use, and soil texture. The results showed that the dominant flash flood-prone areas were in the medium class of 1.556 hectares, the erosion tended to be very low, which was 2.699,5 tons/ha/year, and The Argapura Sub-District encompasses multiple regions that are highly susceptible to landslides.
Study of thermal comfort in the Sentra Primer Barat CBD Area using envi-met simulation
Authors: Geminastiti E A , Atianta L , Kustiwan I
Published: March 2024

By 2045, it is estimated that almost 70% of Indonesia’s population will live in urban areas. However, the growing population and density of the city of Jakarta has led to a significant increase in temperature, which has a negative impact on the comfort of living in the region. Sentra Primer Barat CBD is one of the strategic central business districts in Jakarta. The purpose of this study is to identify the condition of thermal comfort in the Sentra Primer Barat CBD Area in two conditions, the current conditions and the planned conditions. The planned conditions are adapted into instructions on urban design guideline for Sentra Primer Barat. The study uses ENVI-met software to analyse thermal comfort. Microclimate parameters that are used for the study are air temperature, wind speed, humidity, and Tmrt (Temperature Mean Radiant). The parameters will then be reviewed and utilised to see their implications for thermal comfort index. The results shows a significant difference between the current conditions and the planned conditions. Under planned conditions, there is an increase in average air temperature and Tmrt, while average wind speed and average humidity see a decrease. This indicates higher potential of thermal discomfort in the study area. The thermal comfort index (PET) also deteriorate under the planned conditions. This research highlights the importance of improving thermal comfort in the Sentra Primer Barat CBD Area and provides guidance for better urban planning in the future. It is expected that environmental improvement efforts in this region can improve the residents’ quality of life and promote sustainability of the urban environment.