bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The synergistic effect of cuprous oxide on an intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin system
Authors: Chen Ming-Jun , Wang Xu , Li Xin-Lei , Liu Xing-Ya , Zhong Liu , Wang Hui-Zhen , Liu Zhi-Guo
Published: July 2017

Neat epoxy resin (EP) is a highly flammable material, and the pyrolysis volatiles of it contain some harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, aromatic compounds, hydrocarbons,etc.
Screening metal–organic frameworks for mixture separations in fixed-bed adsorbers using a combined selectivity/capacity metric
Authors: Krishna Rajamani
Published: July 2017

For screening purposes, mixture separations with MOFs are evaluated on the basis of a combined selectivity/capacity metric.
Multiscale structured glass for advanced light management
Authors: Chen Jiejie , Zhou Shifeng , Jiang Nan , Lv Shichao , Qiu Jianrong
Published: July 2017

Advanced light management in bulk multiscale structured optical glass fabricated through relaxation control.
Contorted tetrabenzoacenes of varied conjugation: charge transport study with single-crystal field-effect transistors
Authors: Huang Ding-Chi , Kuo Chi-Hsien , Ho Man-Tzu , Lin Bo-Chao , Peng Wei-Tao , Chao Ito , Hsu Chao-Ping , Tao Yu-Tai
Published: July 2017

A series of nonplanar tetrabenzo-fused acenes exhibited a hole mobility from 0.044 cm2 V−1 s−1 up to 0.81 cm2 V−1 s−1 in their single crystal field-effect transistors.
Two- and three-photon absorption properties of fan-shaped dendrons derived from 2,3,8-trifunctionalized indenoquinoxaline units: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Lin Tzu-Chau , Chien Wei , Mazur Leszek Mateusz , Liu Yi-You , Jakubowski Konrad , Matczyszyn Katarzyna , Samoc Marek , Amini Rekfa Wika
Published: July 2017

Fan-shaped dendrimers are synthesized and experimentally found to possess strong two-/three-photon absorption in the femtosecond regime.
Interprofessional Peer-Assisted Learning as a Model of Instruction in Doctor of Audiology Programs
Authors: Serpanos Yula C. , Senzer Deborah , Gordon Daryl M.
Published: July 2017

Purpose

This study reports on interprofessional peer-assisted learning (PAL) as a model of instruction in the preparation of doctoral audiology students.

Method

Ten Doctor of Audiology (AuD) students provided training in audiologic screening for 53 graduate speech-language pathology students in 9 individual PAL sessions. Pre- and post-surveys assessed the peer teaching experience for AuD students in 5 areas of their confidence in audiologic screening: knowledge, skill, making a referral based on outcomes, teaching, and supervising. Pre- and post-learning outcomes in audiologic screening for the speech-language pathology student trainees determined the effectiveness of training by their AuD student peers.

Results

Survey outcomes revealed significant (
p
< .001) improvement in the overall confidence of AuD student peer instructors. Speech-language pathology students trained by their AuD peers exhibited significant (
p
= .003) improvements in their knowledge and skill and making outcome-based referrals in audiologic screening, supporting the effectiveness of the PAL paradigm.

Conclusions

In addition to meeting required accreditation and professional certification competency standards, the PAL instructional model offers an innovative curricular approach in interprofessional education and in the teaching and supervisory preparation of students in doctoral audiology programs.
Influence of cathode geometry on electron dynamics in an ultrafast electron microscope
Authors: Ji Shaozheng , Piazza Luca , Cao Gaolong , Park Sang Tae , Reed Bryan W. , Masiel Daniel J. , Weissenrieder Jonas
Published: July 2017

Efforts to understand matter at ever-increasing spatial and temporal resolutions have led to the development of instruments such as the ultrafast transmission electron microscope (UEM) that can capture transient processes with combined nanometer and picosecond resolutions. However, analysis by UEM is often associated with extended acquisition times, mainly due to the limitations of the electron gun. Improvements are hampered by tradeoffs in realizing combinations of the conflicting objectives for source size, emittance, and energy and temporal dispersion. Fundamentally, the performance of the gun is a function of the cathode material, the gun and cathode geometry, and the local fields. Especially shank emission from a truncated tip cathode results in severe broadening effects and therefore such electrons must be filtered by applying a Wehnelt bias. Here we study the influence of the cathode geometry and the Wehnelt bias on the performance of a photoelectron gun in a thermionic configuration. We combine experimental analysis with finite element simulations tracing the paths of individual photoelectrons in the relevant 3D geometry. Specifically, we compare the performance of guard ring cathodes with no shank emission to conventional truncated tip geometries. We find that a guard ring cathode allows operation at minimum Wehnelt bias and improve the temporal resolution under realistic operation conditions in an UEM. At low bias, the Wehnelt exhibits stronger focus for guard ring than truncated tip cathodes. The increase in temporal spread with bias is mainly a result from a decrease in the accelerating field near the cathode surface. Furthermore, simulations reveal that the temporal dispersion is also influenced by the intrinsic angular distribution in the photoemission process and the initial energy spread. However, a smaller emission spot on the cathode is not a dominant driver for enhancing time resolution. Space charge induced temporal broadening shows a close to linear relation with the number of electrons up to at least 10 000 electrons per pulse. The Wehnelt bias will affect the energy distribution by changing the Rayleigh length, and thus the interaction time, at the crossover.
Microfluidic device models cancer cells and their environment
Authors: Kim Meeri
Published: July 2017

Three-dimensional culture microfluidic device models tumor-normal cells interplay.
A non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the paraoxonase 3 gene regulates meat quality in Berkshire pigs
Authors: Hur Jeong-Wan , Hwang Jung Hye , Kwon Seul Gi , Park Da Hye , Kim Tae Wan , Kang Deok Gyeong , Yu Go Eun , An Sang Mi , Kim Il-Suk , Park Hwa Chun , Ha Jeongim , Kim Chul Wook
Published: July 2017

The paraoxonase (Pon) gene family contains three members: Pon1, Pon2, and Pon3. Pon3 modulates superoxide production and prevents apoptosis. The role of Pon3 has not been fully elucidated in the pig. This study is the first to investigate the association between Pon3 and meat quality in the Berkshire pig. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism in the Pon3 gene (c.227A > G) that resulted in a change in histidine to arginine at position 76. To elucidate the role of this non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the Pon3 gene, we analysed the Pon3 genotype and meat quality traits in 434 Berkshire pigs. The results of a codominant model show that carcass weight, meat colour (lightness), cooking loss, and the Warner–Bratzler shear force were significantly associated with the Pon3 genotype. Furthermore, the 24-h post-mortem pH had the strongest relationship with the Pon3 genotype. The G allele decreased cooking loss and fat content, whereas the A allele increased the 24-h post-mortem pH and decreased backfat thickness, which contribute to meat storage life and M. longissimus dorsi depth respectively. In conclusion, the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the Pon3 gene showed a close correlation with meat quality traits in the Berkshire pig.
Carnivorous sponges (Porifera : Demospongiae : Poecilosclerida : Cladorhizidae) from the Drake Passage (Southern Ocean) with a description of eight new species and a review of the family Cladorhizidae in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Goodwin Claire E. , Berman Jade , Downey Rachel V. , Hendry Katharine R.
Published: July 2017

This study reviews the taxonomy and biogeography of carnivorous sponges (family Cladorhizidae) in the Southern Ocean. Specimens were collected from seamounts in the Drake Passage by dredging and trawling and biogeographical information from other sources was compiled and reviewed. Eight new species of carnivorous sponges are described: Abyssocladia leverhulmei, sp. nov., Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) sarsensis, sp. nov., A. (A.) gemmae, sp. nov., A. (A.) rhaphidiophorus, sp. nov., Asbestopluma (Helophloeina) keraia, sp. nov., Chondrocladia (Chondrocladia) saffronae, sp. nov., Cladorhiza scanlonae, sp. nov. and Lycopodina drakensis, sp. nov. Specimens of three previously described species, L. callithrix, L. calyx and A. (A.) bitrichela, were also found. These new records increase the number of known carnivorous sponge species in the Southern Ocean by more than a third. We demonstrate that the Cladorhizidae is the second most species-rich family of Demospongiae in the Southern Ocean and many of its species are highly endemic, with 70% found only in this region. Southern Ocean species represent close to 20% of all known carnivorous sponges. This study highlights the importance of seamount and bathyal benthic habitats for supporting the rich and endemic carnivorous sponge fauna of the Southern Ocean.
Assessment of rivers as social–ecological systems: a response to ‘The imperative need for nationally coordinated bioassessment of rivers and streams’, by Susan J. Nichols et al.
Authors: Parsons Melissa , Thoms Martin C.
Published: July 2017

Nichols et al. in Marine and Freshwater Research (https://doi.org/10.1071/MF15329) call for a reinvestment in national-scale bioassessment in Australia. With recent transition back to single-impact and subcatchment-level assessment, Nichols et al. (2017) argued that the ability to detect larger-scale and longer-term impacts of climate change and land-use change are being lost. They called for modernising bioassessment through programs with a clear policy mandate, political context and which are fit for purpose with currency and relevance. We agree that the absence of a national-scale assessment of river health is impeding the detection of declines in river health. However, we suggest that assessment of river health in Australia should go beyond bioassessment and assess rivers as social–ecological systems. We call for modernisation through a national assessment of river resilience. Monitoring for river resilience will evaluate not only the biophysical state of a river ecosystem, but the state of social influences on river health, and the capacities of society to adapt and transform towards river-ecosystem sustainability.
Calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is involved in porcine in vitro fertilisation and early embryo development
Authors: Liu C. , Liu Y. , Larsen K. , Hou Y. P. , Callesen H.
Published: July 2017

It has been demonstrated that extracellular calcium is necessary in fertilisation and embryo development but the mechanism is still not well understood. The present study mainly focussed on the extracellular calcium effector called the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and examined its expression in porcine gametes and embryos and its function during fertilisation and early embryo development. By using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, CASR was found to be expressed in porcine oocytes, spermatozoa and embryos at different developmental stages. Functionally, medium supplementation with a CASR agonist or an antagonist during in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC) was tested. During fertilisation, the presence of a CASR agonist increased sperm penetration rate and decreased polyspermy rate leading to an increased normal fertilisation rate. During embryo development, for the IVF embryos, agonist treatment during IVC significantly increased cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate compared with the control group. Furthermore, parthenogenetically activated embryos showed similar results with lower cleavage and blastocyst formation rates in the antagonist group than in the other groups. It was concluded that CASR, as the effector of extracellular calcium, modulates porcine fertilisation and early embryo development.
“New York just like I pictured it – skyscrapers and everything”
Authors: Katrina Gutierrez Anna
Published: July 2017

Maps of New York City, whether visual or verbal, evoke an abundance of scripts and schemas related to adolescent romance, adventure, and coming-of-age. Some of these are associated with iconic sights, for example, the Empire State Building and the ‘romantic rendezvous’ script. In these texts New York is a storyworld grounded on a map that exists outside of the narrative but is built from the blend of disparate New York schemas: those called upon by the focalizing characters and those held in the mind of the reader. In Nick and Norah’s Infinite Playlist (2006) and Dash and Lily’s Book of Dares (2010), the coming-of-age romance begins with a map, and the mapping of script onto storyworld is enriched by intertextual links with music, poetry, and literature. The intertextual meaning-making combined with the active blending of New York City schemas that occur in the background emphasize the complexity of intersubjective development.
Mapping illusions
Authors: Mikhaylova Olga
Published: July 2017

This chapter examines the artistic functions of the visual and verbal depiction of a child’s fantasy country in Lev Kassil’s novel Sсhwambrania (1933) against the background of the state’s interest in geography and cartography. After a short overview of the political circumstances that accompanied the reforms in Soviet cartography, this chapter applies Harley’s approach to the interpretation of the two maps of the child’s fantasy world of Sсhwambrania, considering the graphic and linguistic components of these maps and their description in the text, and, in addition, reconstructing the different types of context relevant to Kassil’s book.
Out-of-the-blue Names of Paint Colors
Authors: Tent Jan
Published: July 2017

Names of products play a significant role in their marketing, and are designed to express images with which buyers can identify. Manufacturers therefore pay close attention to their product names in order to maximize sales and to distinguish their products from those of competitors. The meaning of a product name would appear to be a crucial factor in its choice. A product designed for a specific consumer would benefit from a transparent or trendy name recognized and appreciated by the intended buyer. However, this tenet does not seem to apply to paint color names. Often these names tend to be enigmatic. This paper investigates the color names of 10 paint manufacturers in Australia and New Zealand. More than 10,700 color names were collected, classified, and quantitatively analyzed. The majority of names had enigmatic labels. The reasons for this are explored.
Epistemic buck-passing and the interpersonal view of testimony
Authors: Baker Judith , Clark Philip
Published: July 2017

Two ideas shape the epistemology of testimony. One is that testimony provides a unique kind of knowledge. The other is that testimonial knowledge is a social achievement. In traditional terms, those who affirm these ideas are anti-reductionists, and those who deny them are reductionists. There is increasing interest, however, in the possibility of affirming these ideas without embracing anti-reductionism. Thus, Sanford Goldberg uses the idea of epistemic buck-passing to argue that even reductionists can accept the uniqueness of testimonial knowledge, and Jennifer Lackey gives both speaker and hearer an essential role in testimonial justification, rejecting both reductionism and anti-reductionism in favor of what she calls dualism. After distinguishing a weaker and a stronger notion of buck-passing, we show how anti-reductionists can use the stronger notion to motivate their position, and to answer Goldberg’s and Lackey’s challenges.
Evaluating Head-of-Reservoir Water Temperature for Juvenile Chinook Salmon and Steelhead at Shasta Lake with Modeled Temperature Curtains
Authors: Clancey Katherine , Saito Laurel , Hellmann Kurt , Svoboda Connie , Hannon John , Beckwith Randy
Published: July 2017

Loss of historical spawning and rearing habitat in the rivers and tributaries of California's Central Valley is one of the factors that led to the listing of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss under the Endangered Species Act. To recover these salmonid populations, an interagency committee is developing a plan to reintroduce fish to tributaries upstream of Shasta Dam and provide juvenile fish passage downstream past the dam. One downstream fish passage alternative involves the collection and transport of juvenile fish from head-of-reservoir locations. A hydrodynamic and water quality model (CE-QUAL-W2) of Shasta Lake and its main tributaries was used to assess where and when water temperatures were favorable for juvenile salmonid collection on the McCloud River arm of the lake under different hydrologic scenarios. The application of anchored and floating temperature curtains (i.e., flexible fabric flow barriers) was examined to assess whether they could be used to improve temperature conditions for juvenile fish by reducing temperatures to within an optimal range. Model results indicated that head-of-reservoir conditions without a temperature curtain were suitable for spring-run Chinook Salmon, fall-run Chinook Salmon, and steelhead but not for winter-run and late-fall-run Chinook Salmon. However, permanent or temporary use of temperature curtains, especially a long floating curtain, may improve conditions for juvenile winter-run and late-fall-run Chinook Salmon by reducing or eliminating lethal water temperatures.

Received January 28, 2017; accepted June 26, 2017 Published online September 8, 2017
Drug Helplines and Adult Marijuana Users: An Assessment in Washington, Colorado, Oregon, and Alaska
Authors: Carlini Beatriz H. , Garrett Sharon B.
Published: July 2017

Drug helplines are well-known and widely utilized resources for those seeking help with managing their substance use. Using “secret shoppers,” a preliminary assessment of the drug helplines in 4 states was performed. Eleven calls were placed to the helpline staff, where the secret shopper posed as an adult users of marijuana interested in decreasing their marijuana use and asked questions about cannabinoids and methods of marijuana consumption. In 100% of the calls placed, helpline staff had no knowledge about the effects and interactions of marijuana's 2 main components (tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] and cannabidiol [CBD]), neither could they explain the risk differential of smoking, eating, or vaporizing marijuana. In all but one of the calls placed, helpline responders were respectful and empathic. The assessment suggests that drug helplines are equipped with a respectful, empathetic, and nonjudgmental staff who lack important knowledge to best serve those seeking help for marijuana use.
Enhanced rutin accumulation in tobacco leaves by overexpressing the NtFLS2 gene
Authors: Shi Junli , Li Wenzheng , Gao Yulong , Wang Bingwu , Li Yong , Song Zhongbang
Published: July 2017

Rutin, one of the metabolites of the flavonoid pathway, shows great potential in industrial applications as a key component in pharmaceutical medicines and biological pesticides. Although the genetic manipulation of transcription factors (TFs) could increase rutin levels in plants, the accompanying accumulation of structurally similar chemicals complicates industrial rutin extraction. In this study, we demonstrated remarkably elevated rutin content (3.5-4.4-fold relative to controls) in transgenic tobacco plants by overexpressing NtFLS2. The levels of other intermediates in the branch pathway did not change much except for a moderate increase of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. Furthermore, the transcript levels of pathway genes in transgenic lines were comparable with controls, indicating genetic engineering did not significantly alter the branch pathway. Additionally, the transgenic tobacco plants appeared normal except for a flower color change from light red to white suggesting that it could be a valuable material for industrial extraction of rutin.
Protein kinase D at the Golgi controls NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Zhang Zhirong , Meszaros Gergö , He Wan-ting , Xu Yanfang , de Fatima Magliarelli Helena , Mailly Laurent , Mihlan Michael , Liu Yansheng , Puig Gámez Marta , Goginashvili Alexander , Pasquier Adrien , Bielska Olga , Neven Bénédicte , Quartier Pierre , Aebersold Rudolf , Baumert Thomas F. , Georgel Philippe , Han Jiahuai , Ricci Romeo
Published: July 2017

The inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes sensing tissue damage and infectious agents to initiate innate immune responses. Different inflammasomes containing distinct sensor molecules exist. The NLRP3 inflammasome is unique as it detects a variety of danger signals. It has been reported that NLRP3 is recruited to mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) and is activated by MAM-derived effectors. Here, we show that in response to inflammasome activators, MAMs localize adjacent to Golgi membranes. Diacylglycerol (DAG) at the Golgi rapidly increases, recruiting protein kinase D (PKD), a key effector of DAG. Upon PKD inactivation, self-oligomerized NLRP3 is retained at MAMs adjacent to Golgi, blocking assembly of the active inflammasome. Importantly, phosphorylation of NLRP3 by PKD at the Golgi is sufficient to release NLRP3 from MAMs, resulting in assembly of the active inflammasome. Moreover, PKD inhibition prevents inflammasome autoactivation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients carrying NLRP3 mutations. Hence, Golgi-mediated PKD signaling is required and sufficient for NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Real Patterns in Biological Explanation
Authors: Burnston Daniel C.
Published: July 2017

In discussion of mechanisms, philosophers often debate about whether quantitative descriptions of generalizations or qualitative descriptions of operations are explanatorily fundamental. I argue that these debates have erred by conflating the explanatory roles of generalizations and patterns. Patterns are types of variations within or between quantities in a mechanism over time or across conditions. While these patterns must often be represented in addition to descriptions of operations in order to explain a phenomenon, they are not equivalent to generalizations because their explanatory role does not depend on any specific facts about their scope or domain of invariance.
Levels of Reasons and Causal Explanation
Authors: Skow Bradford
Published: July 2017

I defend the theory that the reasons why some event occurred are its causes. Many “counterexamples” to this theory turn on confusing two levels of reasons. We should distinguish the reasons why an event occurred (“first-level reasons”) from the reasons why those reasons are reasons (“second-level reasons”). An example that treats a second-level reason as a first-level reason will look like a counterexample if that second-level reason is not a cause. But second-level reasons need not be first-level reasons.
Making Fit Fit
Authors: Hicks Michael Townsen
Published: July 2017

Reductionist accounts of objective chance rely on a notion of fit, which ties the chances at a world to the frequencies at that world. Here, I criticize extant measures of the fit of a chance system and draw on recent literature in epistemic utility theory to propose a new model: chances fit a world insofar as they are accurate at that world. I show how this model of fit does a better job of explaining the normative features of chance, its role in the laws of nature, and its status as an expert function than do previous accounts.
Stable Property Clusters and Their Grounds
Authors: Martinez Eduardo J.
Published: July 2017

I argue against Matthew Slater’s rejection of what he calls the grounding claim in his stable property cluster (SPC) account of natural kinds. This claim states that the epistemic value of natural kinds depends on the existence of some ground to bind together a kind’s properties. Using two test cases from academic medicine, I show that grounds are genuinely explanatory of scientific epistemic practices and that the SPC account should not do without them in its philosophical analysis of natural kinds.
Sixth International Zooplankton Production Symposium: new challenges in a changing ocean
Authors: Dalpadado Padmini , Gislason Astthor
Published: July 2017

The Sixth Zooplankton Production Symposium (ZPS) was organized to create an arena to discuss state of the art research on marine zooplankton. Eight sessions and seven workshops of broad scope were held at the conference to explore themes such as the role of zooplankton in marine food webs, response on production and biodiversity to climate change, use of new monitoring technologies, and the potential for zooplankton harvesting. It is the largest international symposium specifically devoted to research on zooplankton that has enabled participants to come together and disseminate findings from the world seas. The ZPS served as a global platform for international scientific collaboration to explore zooplankton dynamics, structure, and function in a changing ocean.
Prognostic biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review
Authors: Rivera César , de Oliveira Ana Karina , Pereira e Costa Rute Alves , Rossi Tatiane De , Paes Leme Adriana Franco
Published: July 2017

Over the years, several tumor biomarkers have been suggested to foresee the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Here, we present a systematic review to identify, evaluate and summarize the evidence for OSCC reported markers. Eligible studies were identified through a literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed until January 2016. We included primary articles reporting overall survival, disease-free survival and cause-specific survival as outcomes. Our findings were analysed using REporting recommendations for tumor MARKer prognostic studies (REMARK), QuickGo tool and SciCurve trends. We found 41 biomarkers, mostly proteins evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The selected studies are of good quality, although, any study referred to a sample size determination. Considering the lack of follow-up studies, the molecules are still potential biomarkers. Further research is required to validate these biomarkers in well-designed clinical cohort-based studies.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions to The Association Between Violent Victimization and Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Kavish Nicholas , Connolly Eric J. , Boutwell Brian B.
Published: July 2017

Research suggests victims of violent crime are more likely to suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to non-victims. Less research has utilized longitudinal data to evaluate the directionality of this relationship or examined the genetic and environmental contributions to this association across the life course. The current study evaluated 473 full-sibling pairs and 209 half-sibling pairs (N= 1,364) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (Mage= 20.14, SD = 3.94). Cross-lagged models were used to examine the directionality of effects between violent victimization and MDD over time. Biometric liability models were used to examine genetic and environmental influences on single and chronic violent victimization and MDD. Violent victimization was associated with increases in MDD during late adolescence, but MDD was more associated with increased risk for violent victimization across young adulthood. Biometric analysis indicated that 20% and 30% of the association between MDD and single and chronic victimization, respectively, was accounted for by common genetic influences. Results from the current study suggest individuals who exhibit symptoms of MDD are at higher risk for chronic victimization rather than developing MDD as a result of victimization. Shared genetic liability accounted for between 20 to 30% of this longitudinal relationship.
The activation loop residue serine 173 ofS.pombeChk1 kinase is critical for the response to DNA replication stress
Authors: Coulton Naomi , Caspari Thomas
Published: July 2017

Why the DNA damage checkpoint kinase Chk1 protects the genome of lower and higher eukaryotic cells differentially is still unclear. Mammalian Chk1 regulates replication origins, safeguards DNA replication forks and promotes fork progression. Conversely, yeast Chk1 acts only in G1 and G2. We report here that the mutation of serine 173 (S173A) in the activation loop of fission yeast Chk1 abolishes the G1-M and S-M checkpoints without affecting the G2-M arrest. Although Chk1-S173A is fully phosphorylated at serine 345 by the DNA damage sensor Rad3 (ATR) when DNA replication forks break, cells fail to stop the cell cycle. Mutant cells are uniquely sensitive to the DNA alkylation agent methyl- methanesulfate (MMS). This MMS sensitivity is genetically linked with the lagging strand DNA polymerase delta. Chk1-S173A is also unable to block mitosis when the G1 transcription factor Cdc10 is impaired. Serine 173 is equivalent to lysine 166 in human Chk1, an amino acid important for substrate specificity. We conclude that the removal of serine 173 impairs the phosphorylation of a Chk1 target that is important to protect cells from DNA replication stress.

Summary statement

Mutation of serine-173 in the activation loop of Chk1 kinase may promote cancer as it abolishes the response to genetic alterations that arise while chromosomes are being copied.
Aging with intellectual and developmental disabilities and dementia in Manitoba
Authors: Shooshtari Shahin , Stoesz Brenda M. , Udell Leslie , Fenez Leanne , Dik Natalia , Burchill Charles , Sachs Elizabeth , Menec Verena
Published: July 2017

Purpose

Information on the risk of dementia in aging persons with intellectual and/or developmental disability (IDD) in Manitoba, Canada is lacking. The purpose of this paper is to estimate dementia prevalence in adults with IDD.

Design/methodology/approach

Anonymized population-level health and non-health administrative data (1979-2012) contained in the Population Health Research Data Repository of the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) were linked to identify adults with IDD, and estimate the prevalence of dementia based on the presence of ICD codes. Prevalence of dementia was estimated for persons aged 18-55 years and 55+ years, and was reported by sex, type of residence, region of residence, neighbourhood income quintiles, and IDD diagnostic category.

Findings

Of the 8,655 adults with IDD identified, 8.1 per cent had an indication of dementia in their medical records; an estimate three times greater than that found for those without IDD (2.6 per cent). More than 17 per cent of Manitobans with IDD aged 55+ years had an indication of dementia, which was nearly twice the rate reported previously. Of those with IDD and dementia, 34.7 per cent lived in long-term care facilities.

Originality/value

Health and social support services are typically available to individuals with dementia aged 65+ years; thus, younger adults with IDD and dementia may not be eligible for those supports. To promote equity in health and access to care, dementia screening and increased supports for aging individuals with IDD are recommended.
Open innovation: effects from external knowledge sources on abandoned innovation projects
Authors: Tranekjer Tina Lundø
Published: July 2017

Purpose

Innovation projects are often risky and costly. But not all innovation projects lead to commercialisation; some are abandoned, and these abandoned innovation projects can be classified as a waste of resources. Therefore, this paper studies the influence of different external sources and a firm’s decision to abandon an innovation project. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broader understanding of abandoned projects.

Design/methodology/approach

The data applied are quantitative data and the empirical background is the Danish Innovation Survey 2009. The sample consists of Danish manufacturing firms with ten employees or more (n=840). The results are based on logistic regression analysis.

Findings

Results reveal that firms should consider that the involvement of customers can lead them to abandon innovation projects. However, if firms combine customers with universities, it will decrease the likelihood of innovation projects being abandoned. A more in-depth analysis shows that the involvement of customers from “Europe” (countries in Europe excluding Denmark) and the “US” leads to innovation projects being abandoned while customers from “other countries” (the rest of the world, including China and India) have the opposite effect.

Originality/value

The contribution is to the limited literature on abandoned innovation projects by suggesting that the type of external sources is a significant factor in firms’ decisions to abandon innovation projects. The paper identifies that the involvement of certain external sources leads firms to decide to abandon innovation projects, and that the country of origin of the external sources is an important criterion to consider in relation to a firm’s decision to abandon innovation projects.
Effects of supply chain agility on profitability
Authors: Abdoli Bidhandi Reza , Valmohammadi Changiz
Published: July 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting agile supply chain and evaluate the effect of these factors on profitability. To that end, after reviewing the theoretical foundations of this field, the authors identified the factors affecting supply chain agility and profitability and provided an appropriate conceptual model to measure and verify this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

A 48-item questionnaire was prepared and distributed among 270 members of staff and managers of the company from which 240 questionnaire were completed and returned. The response rate was 88 percent. Using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), 37 indicators were selected and redundant questions were excluded. Results were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique, and the relationships between factors were obtained and the impact of each supply chain agility factor on profitability was determined and prioritized.

Findings

Through EFA, the indicators related to each supply chain agility factor and profitability were extracted and using the literature, supply chain agility indicators were classified in four factors of speed, responsiveness, competency and flexibility and the indicators related to profitability in one factor, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted accordingly. The CFA results showed that all four factors are significantly associated with profitability, and flexibility has the greatest impact on profitability, and speed has minimal impact on profitability.

Research limitations/implications

As this study has been done in the context of Iran, cautious should be taken to generalize the results.

Originality/value

Other studies have examined the effect of agility on business performance and the relationship between them but this study, by providing a comprehensive set of supply chain agility evaluation criteria and indicators and considering all its dimensions, intends to identify the factors affecting supply chain agility and evaluate and determine the effects of these factors on profitability and examine if supply chain agility affects profitability.
The contribution of tangible and intangible resources, and capabilities to a firm’s profitability and market performance
Authors: Kamasak Rifat
Published: July 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relative contribution of tangible resource (TR) and intangible resource (IR), and capabilities on firm performance based on the measures of market share, sales turnover and profitability.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey research design was used in the study. The modified version of Galbreath and Galvin’s (2008) resource-performance questionnaire which included a total number of 45 questions was applied on 243 Turkish firms operating in different industries. The data collected were analysed by hierarchical regression analysis.

Findings

The findings revealed that IRs and capabilities contributed more greatly to firm performance compared to TRs. However, in contrast to the proposition of resource-based theory that views capabilities as the most important skills that underpin the development and deployment of both TR and IR, capabilities offered rather limited additional explanatory power to the prediction of firm performance only with respect to profitability against the combined effects of TR and IR.

Originality/value

The vast majority of the empirical resource-based view (RBV) research concentrates on developed countries and very little is known about results outside of this domain. This study employs Turkish business databases to assess the relative importance of TR and IR and capabilities on performance differences among firms in Turkey which was the 17th largest economy in the world trade in 2016. Second, in the RBV literature, limited research tests the contribution of capabilities to firm success after simultaneously accounting for the effects of other resources (namely, TR and IR) available to the firm. Finally, this research offers practical contributions to executives and managers who have to make adequate decisions for firm survival and growth in the competitive business arena.
Log on and blog
Authors: Williamson Rachel , Jesson Rebecca
Published: July 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the viability of blogging over the summer holidays as an intervention to ameliorate the Summer Learning Effect (SLE) in writing. The SLE is the impact on achievement of taking a break from school over summer, and has been documented to affect differentially those students who come from low socioeconomic status (SES) communities compared with their more affluent peers. However, previous studies within similar communities suggest that the effect is not inevitable, and is amenable to intervention.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study is set in a group of low SES schools where students already have individual learning blogs. The Summer Learning Journey was designed by the research team in consultation with students and teachers from the schools and trialled in January 2015. The design of the programme drew on previous research that suggested that students would be motivated by interest, rather than achievement, and that literacy activity over summer should be leisure-based.

Findings

Initial evidence suggests that students who participated made measurable improvements compared with their own progress over the previous summer and also compared with a matched control group of students, and that the observed difference continued over the 2016 school year.

Research limitations/implications

The study provides initial evidence of quite substantial differences in achievement for those students who were active bloggers.

Originality/value

The study provides an alternative direction from current summer learning programmes and indicates the potential for designing digital opportunities for learning at times when the school is not in session.
Mandated curricula as figured world
Authors: Brownell Cassie J.
Published: July 2017

Purpose

This qualitative study aims to use the conceptual lens of figured worlds to explore how a 10-year-old child positions her identity and participates in systems of power through her engagement in writing.

Design/methodology/approach

Data was generated across an 18-week ethnographic case study in one fourth-grade classroom located in the Midwestern USA.

Findings

Findings highlight how children’s writing reflected both an adherence to and a rejection of the mandated curriculum as well as other aspects of the figured world of schooling. In turn, this study offers suggestions about how, by reading children’s writing with a figured world lens, their identities and positionings may become more apparent.

Originality/value

This study challenges teachers and researchers to read beyond “the basics” emphasized in the mandated curriculum to better attend to the ways children navigate standardized curricula, negotiate identities and positioning and use writing to (re)inscribe identities and positionings.
Constructive controversy and guanxi relationships for disaster recovery
Authors: Chen Yi-Feng , Kang Yi , Tjosvold Dean
Published: July 2017

Purpose

How can governments and survivors prepare for and manage natural disasters? Post-disaster reconstruction researchers advocate that community involvement is needed to help survivors recover effectively. This study aims to propose that cooperative goals between government officials and survivors develop guanxi relationships and constructive controversy wherein survivors voice their opinions to aid disaster recovery.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors adopted the critical incident technique (CIT), which has proved especially useful for studying complex issues, as well as site-intensive research for interviews and participant observation. After developing a local reputation and rapport by working in a residential resettlement area for two months, an author used the CIT to ask 118 survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake to describe specific incidents when they interacted with government officials about recovery issues and then to rate survey items that measure independent and dependent variables.

Findings

Results, including structural equation analyses, support the reasoning that cooperative goals between government and survivors facilitate guanxi and constructive controversy, which in turn produced effective disaster recovery, as indicated by survivors’ social support, satisfaction, reduced stress and beliefs that government officials led effectively.

Research limitations/implications

The data are self-reported and subject to biases and may not be accurate.

Practical implications

In addition to developing theoretical understanding, the results can have important practical implications for strengthening relationships and constructive controversy between government and survivors.

Social implications

Results suggest that communities have practical ways to prepare for disasters. Structuring cooperative goals among survivors, encouraging guanxi relationships, and training in constructive controversy should promote effective recovery from natural disasters.

Originality/value

The paper develops theory and research on how leaders can promote community involvement for effective disaster management. The paper proposes that high-quality interpersonal relationships, also referred to guanxi, and the open-minded discussion of opposing ideas, labeled constructive controversy, are major components of effective community involvement. The paper adds to the literature by empirically documenting the utility of the Western-developed theory of cooperation and competition and the concept of constructive controversy for understanding the effectiveness of government leadership for disaster recovery in China.
Perceived justice, emotions, and behavioral intentions in the Taiwanese food and beverage industry
Authors: Ortiz Jaime , Chiu Tao-Sheng , Wen-Hai Chih , Hsu Che-Wei
Published: July 2017

Purpose

The research framework of this study is based on tri-component attitude model (cognition-affect-conation) which explores consumers’ positive or negative emotions, as well as various types of thoughts and actions, triggered by their perceived justice in the context of service failure. This study aims to probe the possible mediating and moderating effects caused by the process where consumers form their thoughts and actions.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducts a survey to consumers after restaurant dining. This study collects data from 262 respondents and analyzes the data with the structural equation modeling.

Findings

The results indicate that perceived justice has significant effect on empathy, anger, positive word-of-mouth, repurchase intention and revenge. Empathy has a significant and positive effect on positive word-of-mouth. Anger has significant and positive effects on revenge and avoidance. Empathy is a mediator between perceived justice and positive word-of-mouth. Blame attribution and service failure severity are the moderators in the relationship between perceived justice and empathy/anger.

Research limitations/implications

Consumers might have experienced the scenarios described in the questionnaire and their responses might be based on recall of their previous dining experiences in other restaurants, thereby resulting in a time lapse problem and affecting the conclusions of this study.

Practical implications

It is not adequate to gain consumers’ choices just demonstrate favorable customer perceived justice and empathy in today’s industrial highly competitiveness because blame attribution and perception of service failure severity result in different positive and negative emotions and behavioral intentions. Therefore, food and beverage industry must have a various recovery approaches to recover service failure and create a more appealing relationship with consumers.

Originality/value

This study investigates the relationships among perceived justice, emotions and behavioral intentions which are seldom discussed in the past studies. In addition, this study investigates the mediating effect of empathy in the relationship between perceived justice and positive word-of-mouth. The results of this study indicate that blame attribution and service failure severity are the moderators between perceived justice and emotions (empathy/anger). The mediator of empathy and the moderators of blame attribution and service failure severity can enhance the research gap in the context of service recovery for the tri-component attitude model.
National health workforce regulation
Authors: Pacey Fiona , Smith-Merry Jennifer , Gillespie James , Short Stephanie D.
Published: July 2017

Purpose

In 2010, Australia introduced the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme for the health professions (the Australian scheme) creating a legislative framework for a national system of health workforce regulation, delivering a model of collective (and multi-level) government involvement in regulatory activities. The purpose of this paper is to examine how its governance arrangement compares to different national systems and other health regulatory bodies in Australia.

Design/methodology/approach

This qualitative case study is informed by documentary analysis in conjunction with policy mapping. This is part of a larger project investigating the policy pathway which led to establishment of the Scheme. The authors compare the Scheme with other Australian health standard setting and regulatory bodies.

Findings

The Australian scheme’s governance model supported existing constitutional arrangements, and enabled local variations. This facilitated the enduring interest of ministers (and governments) on matters of health workforce and articulated the activities of the new regulatory player. It maintains involvement of the six states and two territories, with the Commonwealth Government, and profession-specific boards and accreditation agencies. This resulted in a unique governance framework delivering a new model of collective ministerial responsibility. The governance design is complex, but forges a new way to embed existing constitutional arrangements within a tripartite arrangement that also delivers National Boards specific to individual health professions and an organisation to administer regulatory activities.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates that effective design of governance arrangements for regulatory bodies needs to address regulatory tasks to be undertaken as well as the existing roles, and ongoing interests of governments in participating in those regulatory activities. It highlights that a unique arrangement, while appearing problematic in theory may in practice deliver intended regulatory outcomes.