bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Markers of Oxidative Stress and Tyrosinase Activity in Melasma Patients:
A Biochemical Investigation
Authors: Katiyar Shweta , Yadav Dhananjay , Singh Sanjeev K.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Melasma, oxidative stress, tyrosinase, antioxidants, Homogenized skin tissues, hyperpigmentation disease.

Aims:

To compare the levels of oxidative stress and tyrosinase activity in melasma patients with
healthy volunteers.

Methods:

After written consent, 130 patients were enrolled in a case–control study. 65 cases were
of melasma disorder, and 65 were served as control. Homogenized skin tissues were taken and
used to estimate superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione
peroxidase (GPx) (antioxidants), malondialdehyde (MDA) and tyrosine hydroxylase
(TH).

Results:

Melasma patients had lower basal levels of systemic antioxidants than healthy subjects.
Tyrosinase activity was shown to be greater in lesional skin than in non-lesional skin. In controls,
there was a good positive relationship between TH and MDA and an excellent negative relationship
between GPx and GSH. In melasma patients, there were significant associations between
CAT, GPx, SOD and MDA.

Conclusions:

Increased oxidative stress may affect tyrosinase activity and eumelanin synthesis
via the anabolic pathway of melanin synthesis, according to our findings. In conclusion, we discovered
a negative relationship between antioxidants and tyrosinase activity.
Current Stage and Future Perspectives for Homology Modeling,
Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Machine Learning with Molecular
Dynamics, and Quantum Computing for Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
and Proteins with Intrinsically Disordered Regions
Authors: Coskuner-Weber Orkid , Uversky Vladimir N.
Published: January 2024

The structural ensembles of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and proteins with
intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) cannot be easily characterized using conventional experimental
techniques. Computational techniques complement experiments and provide useful insights
into the structural ensembles of IDPs and proteins with IDRs. Herein, we discuss computational
techniques such as homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning
with molecular dynamics, and quantum computing that can be applied to the studies of IDPs and
hybrid proteins with IDRs. We also provide useful future perspectives for computational techniques
that can be applied to IDPs and hybrid proteins containing ordered domains and IDRs.
DFT Study of Interaction between Teriflunomide and β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Shahi Masoumeh , Falahati Donya
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

This study employs Density Functional Theory (DFT) to
investigate the interactions between Teriflunomide and β-cyclodextrin in the gas
phase.

Methods:

The non-bonded interaction effects of the Teriflunomide compound with β-
cyclodextrin on the chemical shift tensors, electronic properties, and natural charge
were also observed. An analysis of the natural bond orbital (NBO) indicated that the
molecule β-cyclodextrin as an electron donor functions while Teriflunomide functions
as an electron acceptor in the complex β-cyclodextrin/Teriflunomide.

Results:

The electronic spectra of the Teriflunomide drug and complex β-cyclodextrin/
Teriflunomide were calculated by Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT)
to investigate the adsorption effects of the Teriflunomide drug over β-cyclodextrin
on maximum wavelength.

Conclusion:

As a result, the possibility of the use of β-cyclodextrin for Teriflunomide
delivery to the diseased cells has been established.
Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles and Antibiotics against Multidrug-resistant Biofilm Bacteria
Authors: Masadeh Majed M. , Bany-Ali Noor M. , Khanfar Mai S. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Masadeh Majd M. , Al Momany Enaam M.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The misuse of antibiotics leads to a global increase in antibiotic resistance.
Therefore, it is imperative to search for alternative compounds to conventional antibiotics. ZnO nanoparticles
(Zn NP) are one of these alternatives because they are an effective option to overcome
biofilm bacterial cells and a novel way to overcome multidrug resistance in bacteria. The current
research study aims to characterize the efficacy of ZnO nanoparticles alone and in combination with
other antibacterial drugs against bacterial biofilms.

Methods:

ZnO NPs were prepared by co-precipitation method, and their anti-biofilm and antibacterial
activities alone or combined with four types of broad-spectrum antibacterial (Norfloxacin, Colistin,
Doxycycline, and Ampicillin) were evaluated against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains.
Finally, the cytotoxicity and the hemolytic activity were evaluated.

Results:

ZnO NPs were prepared, and results showed that their size was around 10 nm with a spherical
shape and a zeta potential of -21.9. In addition, ZnO NPs were found to have a strong antibacterial
effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, with a minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) of 62.5 and 125 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, they could eradicate biofilmforming
microorganisms at a concentration of 125 μg/m. ZnO NPs were found to be non-toxic to
erythrocyte cells. Still, some toxicity was observed for Vero cells at effective concentration ranges
needed to inhibit bacterial growth and eradicate biofilm-forming organisms. When combined with
different antibacterial, ZnO NP demonstrated synergistic and additive effects with colistin, and the
MIC and MBEC of the combination decreased significantly to 0.976 μg/mL against planktonic and
biofilm strains of MDR Gram-positive bacteria, resulting in significantly reduced toxicity.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study encourage the development of alternative therapies with high
efficacy and low toxicity. ZnO nanoparticles have demonstrated promising results in overcoming
multi-drug resistant bacteria and biofilms, and their combination with colistin has shown a significant
reduction in toxicity. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential of ZnO nanoparticles
as a viable alternative to conventional antibiotics.
Undiagnosed Intra-articular Synovial Hemangioma: A Rare Cause of
Knee Pain and Swelling
Authors: Drondula Gayathri , Bharti Jyotsna , Verma Jyoti , Yugandhar Samireddypalle , Lingaiah Purushotham
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Synovial hemangioma is a benign soft-tissue tumor of vascular origin.
Hemangioma only accounts for 1% of all bone lesions and is mostly an incidental finding among
the primary skeleton tumors. A delay in diagnosis results in joint degeneration and osteoarthritic
damage because of infiltrating tumor growth.

Case Presentation:

We presented a rare case of an intra-articular synovial hemangioma in a 13-
year-old pediatric patient who was asymptomatic for 5 years. She attended orthopedics OPD at AIIMS,
Mangalagiri. Surgical excision of the mass and partial synovectomy was done. Synovial hemangioma
came out to be the diagnosis following a histologic study.

Conclusion:

As radiography has limited diagnostic ability, synovial hemangiomas are difficult
and challenging to identify on an outpatient basis. Histological examination and magnetic resonance
imaging are extremely helpful. To minimize the hemarthrosis risks, early complete excision
can be used as the best treatment modality.
Computational Study of Antimicrobial Peptides for Promising Therapeutic Applications Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sinoliya Priyanka , Solanki Pooran Singh , Niraj Ravi Ranjan Kumar , Sharma Vinay
Published: January 2024

Background:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a causative
agent for multiple drug-resistant diseases and is a prime health concern. Currently, antibiotics
like vancomycin, daptomycin, fluoroquinolones, linezolid, fifth-generation cephalosporin and
others are available in the market for the treatment of MRSA infection.

Methods:

With the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant cases, researchers are actively investigating
alternative strategies to combat MRSA, including the exploration of peptide therapeutics.
This study employed computational methods to prospect for potential Antimicrobial Peptides
(AMPs).

Results:

A total of One hundred and fifty antimicrobial peptides were explored based on physicochemical
properties. The results showed that Clavanin B was the most appropriate candidate.
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation results showed the protein-peptide
interaction of the MRSA target proteins, Penicillin Binding Protein 2a and Panton-Valentine
Leukocidin Toxin, with the Antimicrobial Peptide Clavanin B.

Conclusion:

Currently, the antimicrobial peptide database highlights Clavanin B's role as an
anti-HIV peptide. Moreover, this investigation proposes Clavanin B as a viable repurposed drug
for treating MRSA, underscoring its potential deployment in the management of MRSA infections.
Cracking the Code of Lumpy Skin Disease: Identifying Causes, Symptoms
and Treatment Options for Livestock Farmers
Authors: Yadav Devdhar , Rao GSN Koteswara , Paliwal Deepika , Singh Amit , Alam Aftab , Kumar Sharma Pramod , Surendra Amareswarapu V , Varshney Prachi , Kumar Yogesh
Published: January 2024

The novel bovine viral infection known as lumpy skin disease is common in most African
and Middle Eastern countries, with a significant likelihood of disease transfer to Asia and Europe.
Recent rapid disease spread in formerly disease-free zones highlights the need of understanding disease
limits and distribution mechanisms. Capripox virus, the causal agent, may also cause sheeppox
and Goatpox. Even though the virus is expelled through several bodily fluids and excretions, the most
common causes of infection include sperm and skin sores. Thus, vulnerable hosts are mostly infected
mechanically by hematophagous arthropods such as biting flies, mosquitoes, and ticks. As a result,
milk production lowers, abortions, permanent or temporary sterility, hide damage, and mortality occur,
contributing to a massive financial loss for countries that raise cattle. These illnesses are economically
significant because they affect international trade. The spread of Capripox viruses appears to be
spreading because to a lack of effectual vaccinations and poverty in rural areas. Lumpy skin disease
has reached historic levels; as a consequence, vaccination remains the only viable option to keep the
illness from spreading in endemic as well as newly impacted areas. This study is intended to offer a
full update on existing knowledge of the disease's pathological characteristics, mechanisms of spread,
transmission, control measures, and available vaccinations.
Efficacy and Prolonged Safety of Haemophilus influenzae Type b
Conjugate Vaccines
Authors: Tripathi Nishita , Mukherjee Sayali
Published: January 2024

Objective::

The purpose of this study was to find data proving the influence of the Haemophilus
influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccination on the frequency of invasive Hib illness.

Methodology::

A systematic literature search was conducted on the PubMed database to identify peerreviewed
publications pertaining to the epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, both
before and after the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines. The
search query employed a combination of relevant keywords, including "invasive," "Haemophilus,"
"influenzae," "meningitis," and specific serotype b (Hib). Additionally, terms related to epidemiology,
burden, risk factors, impact, Hib vaccine, Hib conjugate vaccine, combination vaccine, vaccine
production, efficacy, immunisation coverage, surveillance, review, clinical aspects, outcomes, and
various age groups (adults and children) were incorporated.

Result::

The search encompassed articles published till now. Subsequently, relevant research papers
concerning Haemophilus influenzae meningitis were subjected to a comprehensive review and analysis.

Conclusion::

The Hib conjugate vaccination has shown to be extremely effective when administered
to the entire population. However, changes to the immunisation protocol appear to be required in
order to effectively manage invasive Hib illness.
Noordpoolexpeditie zet de mens in perspectief
Authors: Hilgen Cecile
Published: January 2024

Samen met wetenschappers, journalisten en toeristen reisde ik alsmasterstudent mee naar het gebied waar recente klimaatverandering extremetemperatuurstijgingen veroorzaakt: Spitsbergen. De opwarming van de aardezet er de relaties tussen toerisme, wetenschap, media en natuur onder druk:wat heeft hier prioriteit?
Toeristische routes als regionale hefboom
Authors: Beckers Karin
Published: January 2024

Een toeristische route kan aanleiding geven tot regionale ontwikkeling en cohesie. Hoe ontwikkelen bestemmingsmanagers, binnen het gefragmenteerde landschap van toerisme, en met respect voor de eigenheid van de regio, een sociaal en ruimtelijk inclusief product?
Van casa particular naar boetiekhotel op Cuba
Authors: Cristina Garcia Pallas Maritza
Published: January 2024

Er is de laatste tijd veel geschreven over hoe de proliferatie van kortetermijnverhuur (KTV) wereldwijd stedelijke landschappen en huisvestingssystemen heeft beïnvloed. Toeristificatie van wijken en het toenemende tekort aan (betaalbare) woningen zijn twee van de meest gerapporteerde effecten. Maar hoe zit dat in Cuba waar homestays al een belangrijk onderdeel waren van het toerisme?
Trust in and Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Medicine: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Shevtsova Daria , Ahmed Anam , Boot Iris W A , Sanges Carmen , Hudecek Michael , Jacobs John J L , Hort Simon , Vrijhoef Hubertus J M
Published: January 2024

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI)–powered technologies are being increasingly used in almost all fields, including medicine. However, to successfully implement medical AI applications, ensuring trust and acceptance toward such technologies is crucial for their successful spread and timely adoption worldwide. Although AI applications in medicine provide advantages to the current health care system, there are also various associated challenges regarding, for instance, data privacy, accountability, and equity and fairness, which could hinder medical AI application implementation.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify factors related to trust in and acceptance of novel AI-powered medical technologies and to assess the relevance of those factors among relevant stakeholders.

Methods

This study used a mixed methods design. First, a rapid review of the existing literature was conducted, aiming to identify various factors related to trust in and acceptance of novel AI applications in medicine. Next, an electronic survey including the rapid review–derived factors was disseminated among key stakeholder groups. Participants (N=22) were asked to assess on a 5-point Likert scale (1=irrelevant to 5=relevant) to what extent they thought the various factors (N=19) were relevant to trust in and acceptance of novel AI applications in medicine.

Results

The rapid review (N=32 papers) yielded 110 factors related to trust and 77 factors related to acceptance toward AI technology in medicine. Closely related factors were assigned to 1 of the 19 overarching umbrella factors, which were further grouped into 4 categories: human-related (ie, the type of institution AI professionals originate from), technology-related (ie, the explainability and transparency of AI application processes and outcomes), ethical and legal (ie, data use transparency), and additional factors (ie, AI applications being environment friendly). The categorized 19 umbrella factors were presented as survey statements, which were evaluated by relevant stakeholders. Survey participants (N=22) represented researchers (n=18, 82%), technology providers (n=5, 23%), hospital staff (n=3, 14%), and policy makers (n=3, 14%). Of the 19 factors, 16 (84%) human-related, technology-related, ethical and legal, and additional factors were considered to be of high relevance to trust in and acceptance of novel AI applications in medicine. The patient’s gender, age, and education level were found to be of low relevance (3/19, 16%).

Conclusions

The results of this study could help the implementers of medical AI applications to understand what drives trust and acceptance toward AI-powered technologies among key stakeholders in medicine. Consequently, this would allow the implementers to identify strategies that facilitate trust in and acceptance of medical AI applications among key stakeholders and potential users.
The #SeePainMoreClearly Phase II Pain in Dementia Social Media Campaign: Implementation and Evaluation Study
Authors: Castillo Louise I R , Tran Vivian , Brachaniec Mary , Chambers Christine T , Chessie Kelly , Couros Alec , LeRuyet Andre , LeRuyet Charmayne , Thorpe Lilian , Williams Jaime , Wheelwright Sara , Hadjistavropoulos Thomas
Published: January 2024

Background

Social media platforms have been effective in raising awareness of the underassessment and undertreatment of pain in dementia.

Objective

After a successful pilot campaign, we aimed to scale our pain-in-dementia knowledge mobilization pilot initiative (ie, #SeePainMoreClearly) to several social media platforms with the aid of a digital media partner. The goal of the initiative was to increase awareness of the challenges in the assessment and management of pain among people with dementia. A variety of metrics were implemented to evaluate the effort. Through this work, we endeavored to highlight key differences between our pilot initiative (which was a grassroots initiative), focusing largely on Twitter and YouTube, and the current science-media partnership. We also aimed to generate recommendations suitable for other social media campaigns related to health or aging.

Methods

Evidence-based information about pain in dementia was summarized into engaging content (eg, videos) tailored to the needs of various knowledge users (eg, health professionals, families, and policy makers). We disseminated information using Facebook (Meta Platforms), Twitter (X Corp), YouTube (Alphabet Inc), Instagram (Meta Platforms), and LinkedIn (LinkedIn Corp) and measured the success of the initiative over a 12-month period (2020 to 2021). The evaluation methods focused on web analytics and questionnaires related to social media content. Knowledge users’ web responses about the initiative and semistructured interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

During the course of the campaign, >700 posts were shared across all platforms. Web analytics showed that we drew >60,000 users from 82 countries to our resource website. Of the social media platforms used, Facebook was the most effective in reaching knowledge users (ie, over 1,300,000 users). Questionnaire responses from users were favorable; interview responses indicated that the information shared throughout the initiative increased awareness of the problem of pain in dementia and influenced respondent behavior.

Conclusions

In this investigation, we demonstrated success in directing knowledge users to a resource website with practical information that health professionals could use in patient care along with pain assessment and management information for caregivers and people living with dementia. The evaluation metrics suggested no considerable differences between our pilot campaign and broader initiative when accounting for the length of time of each initiative. The limitations of large-scale health campaigns were noted, and recommendations were outlined for other researchers aiming to leverage social media as a knowledge mobilization tool.
Developing a critical care visualization touch panel system to support rapid and accurate data interpretation (Preprint)
Authors: Kamio Tadashi
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Critical care patients require constant monitoring of their vital signs and test results; however, gathering these data can be challenging. However, studies have indicated that visualization dashboards can enhance situational awareness by streamlining data collection, reducing difficulties, and minimizing errors.

OBJECTIVE

We developed a bedside display that enables rapid and accurate access to the information required for critical care.

METHODS

Only critical care data from the existing system were extracted and reconfigured onto a bedside display to avoid costly and time-consuming electronic health records (EHR) transitions.

RESULTS

Real-time bedside display has four major benefits: improved data reliability during rounds, earlier accessibility for surgeons, quicker recognition of patient condition changes by nurses, and transition from paper to digital data collection and monitoring in the Intensive care unit (ICU).

CONCLUSIONS

Our approach to reuse EHR data to support critical care management offers a new perspective that may be replicated in other facilities.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
Revisit Perito Implant® Technique (Preprint)
Authors: Afif M
Published: January 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Infrapubic penile implant surgery is a viable option for patients with severe penile curvature, shortening, and impaired penile rigidity due to fibrosis of the corpora cavernosa (Sadeghi-Nejad, 2007). Studies have shown that patients who undergo penile implant surgery, particularly the infrapubic approach, experience significantly better erectile function and treatment satisfaction compared to those receiving other treatments such as sildenafil citrate and intracavernous prostaglandin E1 (Rajpurkar & Dhabuwala, 2003). The infrapubic approach offers advantages such as ease of reservoir placement, rapid implantation, and direct vision during the procedure, as well as avoiding an extra incision on the scrotum, which can hinder rehabilitation (Montague & Angermeier, 2000; Vollstedt et al., 2017). Additionally, it has been noted that the infrapubic approach can be quickly learned by urologists who are already comfortable with the trans‐scrotal approach (Kramer & Chason, 2010). However, it is important to consider the drawbacks associated with the infrapubic approach, such as the higher risk of surgical errors during the placement of the device in the corpora (Kramer et al., 2010).
Work Behavior Analysis of Indonesian Civil Servants Using Social Media Interactions
Authors: Agustina Ari , Ratminto Ratminto
Published: January 2024

This research examined Indonesian civil servants' work behavior using social media interactions. A hermeneutic approach was used to ascertain the meaning of an individual’s actions using text in social media interactions. The results showed that the work behavior of Indonesian civil servants tends to be negative and is primarily due to the unequal distribution of workload. First, this study uses a collection of data obtained from Twitter. Second, the data taken is selected based on the topic of work behavior. This research implies that work behavior needs to be monitored and managed appropriately to enhance public sector organizations' achievement and keep employees in proper conditions. Furthermore, work behavior management can be improved by evenly distributing the workload among employees. Negative work behavior leads to decreased employee performance, which causes dissatisfaction in public services. Work behavior analysis using social media interactions in the public sector is a new theme that needs to be explored in public administration practice. This is a critical topic of research as it can affect the achievements of an organization due to the support of rapid technological developments.
Human Trafficking: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Johannes Andre Edwin , Kusumasari Bevaola , Hadna Agus Heruanto , Retnandari Nunuk Dwi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to examine the topic of human trafficking (HT) to outline the definition and typology of HT, stages of HT, research themes, and future research directions in HT studies. This study used a systematic literature method to analyze 229 articles from the social sciences category from the Scopus database. This study found that the definition of HT is complex. Thus, to define HT, scholars need to be specific about the context, characteristics, and typology of trafficking. There are many internal and external factors in mobilizing the victim's choice of victim's immigration into this crime's vortex. Hence, policymakers need to know the critical issues of victim preference in the HT stage. Ultimately, there are three primary themes in the HT topic. They are: (1) developing models and strategies for dealing with more effective ways to combat HT around the world, (2) exploring and further comprehending the social and cultural factors underlying HT in different regions, and (3) capacity-building countries and implementation of more effective policies to protect and assist trafficking victims. Our integrative literature review may be the most recent study to provide detailed information about each research stream of HT literature in the social sciences discipline. The results of our review are limited to HT publications in the social sciences field, which stemmed from Scopus.
From Rheic ocean opening to Pangea breakup: a chronostratigraphic and isotopic database of key localities in Mexico
Authors: Solari Luigi A. , Martini Michelangelo , Navas-Parejo Pilar , Zepeda-Martínez Mildred , Espejo-Bautista Guillermo , Guerrero-Moreno Sandra , Ramírez-Calderón Mónica , Elizondo-Pacheco Luis , Osorno-Covarrubias Francisco Javier
Published: January 2024

This database includes a wealth of geochronologic, isotopic, and provenance data, published or in publication, which constitutes an effort to unravel the evolution of Mexican, pre-Cretaceous geological units that are key in reconstructing the history of the Rheic Ocean, from its opening to its closure, and the initial breakup of Pangea. The database is built on reference geological maps, that the authors compile from published works and that locally, contain novel cartographic data. Since the localities studied in this work contain successions that are different in age, P-T conditions, lithology, and geologic significance, and given that each stand-alone work (research, undergraduate and graduate theses, etc.) focused on resolving the central theme of the Rheic ocean evolution and Pangea amalgamation and breakup, we generate an open database that will be continuously updated, as soon as new data are available. Initially intended as a database to present the results of several present and previous grants obtained by the authors, and make them available to collaborators, this contribution evolved to be an open source for all the researchers that are interested in the Paleozoic–early Mesozoic Mexican tectonic evolution and the pre-Mesozoic basement characterization.
MONITORAMENTO AMBIENTAL DOS CÓRREGOS URBANOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE PALMAS – TO
Authors: Rodrigues Jéssica Paula de Oliveira , Rezende Cláudia da Silva Aguiar , Pedroza Marcelo Mendes , Grison Marcelo
Published: January 2024

No intuito de disseminar o conhecimento sobre o controle de atividades antrópicas decorrentes da implantação dos grandes centros urbanos, esta pesquisa buscou analisar os parâmetros qualitativos e quantitativos dos corpos hídricos urbanos no município de Palmas – TO como marco referencial às ações de monitoramento ambiental nas bacias hidrográficas urbanas da região. A área de estudo é composta por 8 corpos hídricos inseridos na macrozona de ordenamento territorial do município compreendendo os Córregos: Cachimbo, Sussuapara, Brejo Comprido, Prata, Machado, Santa Barbara e Taquari. Foram determinados os parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos da qualidade da água dos córregos. A avaliação dos aspectos hidrológicos foi feita por meio de medições das vazões, utilizando os equipamentos Flowtracker Serial P5001 e Sontek riversurveyor M9. Os resultados de qualidade da água foram avaliados de acordo com a Resolução CONAMA 357/05, para corpos hídricos de Classe 2. Os resultados fornecem evidências de que a degradação da qualidade da água dos córregos urbanos é consequência da expansão urbana, o que requer ações de controle e planejamento do uso do solo com intuito de minimizar os impactos ambientais e viabilizar o atendimento dos padrões de qualidade da água preestabelecidos pela legislação brasileira.  
MONITORAMENTO AMBIENTAL DOS CÓRREGOS URBANOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE PALMAS – TO.
AVALIAÇÃO DA POLUIÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA EM UMA ÁREA URBANA NA CIDADE DE FORTALEZA, CEARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Neves Cícero Janderson Tavares , Silva Michael Lima , Lima Jéssica Rocha de , Silva Adeildo Cabral da , Costa Adriana Guimarães , Araújo Rinaldo dos Santos
Published: January 2024

O crescente desenvolvimento econômico associado a mobilidade urbana tem intensificado a emissão de poluentes na atmosfera o que origina sérios problemas ambientais e de saúde pública. Estudos de avaliação da qualidade do ar se constituem em importantes ferramentas para subsidiar informações técnicas que permitam o estabelecimento de políticas públicas para mitigação dos danos da poluição do ar. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do ar em um trecho urbano com intenso tráfego de veículos na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará. Experimentalmente foram realizadas amostragens entre os meses de setembro de 2021 a março de 2022, compreendendo os períodos seco e chuvoso. Os poluentes analisados foram o particulado total em suspensão (PTS), o particulado inalável (MP10), o particulado inalável fino (MP2.5), o O3, o CO2 e os compostos orgânicos voláteis totais (COVT). Os resultados mostraram concentrações médias de 37.9 μg/m3 de PTS; 25.4 μg/m3 de MP10; 19.9 μg/m3 de MP2.5 e 39.8 μg/m3 de O3, as quais atendem aos limites dos padrões de qualidade do ar preconizados pela legislação brasileira. Os níveis de CO2 e COVT observados foram de 564.5 ppm e 248.7 ppb, respectivamente. Em geral as concentrações médias dos poluentes monitorados revelam um ambiente urbano com a qualidade do ar classificada como boa.
Shooting Simulator «Inhibitor»: Mathematical Support of the Shooting Range Special Effects
Authors: Egorov S. F. , Shelkovnikov Yu. K. , Shelkovnikov E. Yu. , Syakterev V. N.
Published: January 2024

The article describes mathematical tools and algorithms for preparing for a shooting exercise with selection of a combat scenario and setting the parameters of the shooting range (special effects) for the optical-electronic shooting simulator 'Inhibitor' developed at Institute of mechanics UdmFRC UB RAS and at Computer facilities department of Kalashnikov ISTU jointly with JSC 'Kalashnikov' Concern'. The tactical and technical task for displaying various types of shooting ranges (steppe, wooded, mountain and urban) is given, taking into account the season (summer/autumn/winter/spring) and time of the day (morning/day/evening/night) with possible illumination of the area at night and support for the 'atmospheric effect' by reducing contrast and possibly of fog with precipitation (rain/snow). As a result of the work done, all the problems are solved using the gamma function and other image transformations outside the main cycle of animation of the target environment. When choosing a shooting exercise scenario, one can combine two features for different types of weapons and execute them simultaneously at different workplaces, one can view and edit the script and configure parameters (for example, disable the random location of targets or group them at short range, change the order of display, allow special combat effects and active behavior of targets, set air temperature and pressure and wind speed, etc.). A gamma function study was carried out to change the time of day of the shooting range image and models of the application of fog (translucency) and precipitation (ripples images). The literature review confirms the promise of further research and development of electronic rifle simulators through the improvement of computing tools and the development of software libraries with the aim of improving the accuracy of simulating a shooting range and flexible adjustment of both atmospheric and combat parameters of training exercises. It is necessary to constantly expand the possibilities of realism of the target situation and reduce the cost, which means to increase the competitiveness of electronic shooting simulators.
Simulation Modeling of Information Transfer Between Stock Exchanges Based on a Multi-Agent Model
Authors: Faizullin R. V. , Lukyanchenko P. P.
Published: January 2024

The article substantiates the relevance of solving the problem of stock exchange modeling as an information system accumulating the orders of market participants and executing them. The object of the study is the process of information transfer between stock exchanges. The subject of the study is the use of simulation multi-agent model to study the process of information transfer between stock exchanges. The paper analyzes the possibilities of building a simulation model to analyze rare phenomena in the financial market using a multiagent approach. It is substantiated that this approach allows taking into account those features of complex dynamic systems, for which either no effective analytical approaches have been developed or it is impossible to conduct the necessary numerical experiments. The proposed logic of the market simulator is based on the allocation of certain trader classes, that may differ in the logic of making their decisions on the stock exchange, for this purpose the scheme of agent interaction in the model of the stock exchange is described. On the example of modeling the information transmission and market shocks between markets the possibilities of the proposed simulator are studied. The use of the proposed model in practice allows us to analyze rare phenomena occurring on the stock exchange, which cannot be described analytically, but their recreation by means of the simulation model will allow us to study them. The study of rare phenomena on the stock exchange with the help of simulation modeling allows to obtain different variants of the results of the phenomena at different sets of parameters of the model (agents), i.e. to carry out parameter.
The Amount of Circulation when Forming the Aerodynamic Appearance of a Main Aircraft
Authors: Gorbunov A.A. , Pripadchev A.D. , Magdin A.G.
Published: January 2024

The work proposed by the authors describes the mechanism for the formation of induced drag for a wing of finite span, as well as a possible option for taking into account the circulation value as a control parameter in the process of preliminary design of a mainline aircraft wing equipped with additional aerodynamic surfaces (wing tips, winglets).Providing the least frictional resistance is achieved by the smoothness of the wing surface in combination with laminar profiles (with the greatest length of the laminar section of the boundary layer), when critical values of the M number are reached, supersonic zones appear on the wing, therefore it is necessary to delay the occurrence of the wave crisis as much as possible - apply the sliding effect for the swept wing of the final scope. A reduction in inductive drag can be achieved by using a high aspect ratio wing or various types of wing tips, which make it possible to control the amount of circulation and localize the process of pressure flow near the end part of a wing of finite span by increasing the effective span. The study of the flow around an aerodynamic model of a mainline aircraft formed the basis of the conceptual model and mathematical support that implements the methodology for selecting the composition of rational design parameters. The identified experimental data and functional dependencies made it possible to form a vector of parameters for a formal aerodynamic model, connecting the geometry of the aircraft model (shape) and its aerodynamic characteristics through dimensionless coefficients for various operating characteristics. Analysis of the results and subsequent processing in order to synthesize a design solution on a validation basis involves the use of a formalized multi-parameter approach, i.e. machine (computer) processing is required. The implementation of a multi-parameter approach in application software in the C++ programming language will allow us to explore and establish connections between parameters and obtain a new version of the design alternative using a smaller amount of data.
Control of Dynamic Biped Walking Robot
Authors: Borina A.P.
Published: January 2024

The objective of this article is to present control algorithms of biped dynamic walking robot. A mathematical model of the walking robot is compiled. The construction of the robot is based on minimalist design principles - absolutely solid body with two legs. Analytical dependencies between six coordinates of the body, coordinates of the left and right legs and absolute coordinates of the feet are defined. The block diagram of control system is presented. Differential equations of walking are compiled. The dynamic stability of biped walking robot near the required trajectory is provided by discrete control of the parameters: «when and where to put foot». To define these parameters, it is proposed to use an inverted mathematical pendulum as an ideal mechanism. Its linearized differential equations allow present the feet coordinates according to the measured initial and final parameters (at the begging and at the end of the step). The article paid particular attention to results of such control method with various walking modes. The coordinates of the robot body, its velocities and accelerations, angles of rotation were investigated. Calculations confirmed the small deviations of the proposed model of walking from the ideal one. The developed methodology allows improve the construction and control system of biped dynamic walking robots at the design stage. Some of the tasks, it can be used: design machines simulating human walking, with high speed and maneuverability, with point feet and synchronized with natural uncontrolled movements.
Investigation of the Formation of Structure and Properties in a Billet Made of Heat-Resistant Nickel Alloy EP741NP, Obtained by Hot Isostatic Pressing Technology
Authors: Khlybov A.A. , Ryabov D.A. , Solovev A.A. , Vasyankin D.I. , Shuyanova A.A. , Demchenko A.A.
Published: January 2024

It is known that the technology of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) can reduce the residual porosity and increase the level of physical and mechanical characteristics of products obtained by powder metallurgy methods. In modern aircraft and rocket engineering, heat-resistant heterophase nickel alloys are used, which are obtained with the use of granular metallurgy. This material is indispensable in the creation of disks of gas turbine engines (GTE), which are part of the turbine rotor and serve to install the blades. Obtaining a nonporous product made of EP741NP alloy using the HIP technology will increase the service life of the turbine disks, which is an urgent task at the present time. The aim of the work is to study the structure and physical and mechanical properties of a billet made of heat-resistant nickel alloy EP741NP obtained by the HIP method at a temperature of 1150 °C. The starting material for the preparation of the workpiece is a metal powder EP741NP, obtained by gas atomization and having a fractional composition of 20...50 microns. It is shown that the HIP process at a temperature of 1150 °C makes it possible to obtain an optimal combination of physical and mechanical properties. Based on the obtained images of powder particles and the microstructure of the work piece, the shape of the particles of the powder under study, the main category of powder granularity was determined and digital porosity analysis of the workpiece under study was performed in the Thixomet Pro software package. The changes in density and hardness along the section of the work piece were also evaluated. It has been established that at a temperature of HIP 1150 °, the average porosity is insignificant and is 0.1 %, however, as we move away from the edge of the workpiece to its center, there is an increase in the content of pores, the size of which lies in the range of 1...20 microns. It is shown that during the technological process of HIP, an arched effect is observed, the consequence of which are overestimated characteristics of microhardness and density at the edge of the work piece.
Design of Cylindrical Hull Offshore Platforms for Production from Arctic Shelf Fields
Authors: Glushan P.V. , Balabukha A.V. , Shchegoleva S.A.
Published: January 2024

The paper substantiates the choice of a cylindrical offshore floating platform with the possibility of construction and operation in harsh Arctic conditions. The characteristics of calculating the required clearance from ice and waves are given. A calculation of the working draft for the planned platform is presented. The permissible mass of the body has been determined as a first approximation. A calculation was performed for the characteristics of the superstructure (SS). The main criteria for designing an anchor retention system are determined. The design of the nuclear power supply system was carried out in the “Anchored Structures” program. Based on the design results, the stability of the structure was also checked. When choosing the fundamental design of the platform, the seaworthiness characteristics of the moored platform, global ice loads, integral assessments of resistance to ice formations, and the placement of technological equipment were taken into account. Based on the main dimensions of the platform and the territorial proximity to the field, a manufacturing plant was selected that has the appropriate capacity to implement the project. The metacentric height of the structure was calculated. The volume of hydrocarbon resources on the Arctic shelf has huge estimates, which vary from 50-60 billion tons of oil equivalent to 100 billion. In addition to the problems characteristic of the Arctic zone associated with the short Arctic season, the fragile ecology, and the lack of logistics bases, there are other problems, related to sectoral sanctions that were announced by the United States and the European Union. Under the conditions of these sanctions, the question of localizing the production of our own equipment in Russia became very acute. The development of the Arctic shelf under sanctions is the main strategic objective of the Russian Federation, and the result of the work may be the possibility of designing a platform with a cylindrical hull that complies with the rules of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping and a positive coefficient of buoyancy.
Analysis of the Possibility of Import Substitution in the Production of Sucker Rod Pump Cylinders at JSC “Neftemash”
Authors: Kashin A.V. , Kugultinov S.D. , Lomaeva T.V. , Ryabkov N.S.
Published: January 2024

Chemical-thermal treatment is aimed at saturating the surface layer with elements that change the microstructure and properties of the surface layer of the part. The most common chemical-thermal treatment processes are carburization, nitriding and nitrocarburization. However, the use of these processes, despite increasing surface hardness, fatigue strength and wear resistance, also has disadvantages leading to loss of productivity. These include the duration of the chemical-thermal treatment process and, most importantly, the need for subsequent mechanical processing to eliminate possible deformations and warping when obtaining high-precision surfaces. For cylinders of sucker rod pumps operating under conditions of contact friction, dimensional accuracy after chemical-thermal treatment without subsequent mechanical treatment is of great importance. The article presents the results of experimental studies to test the effectiveness of the carbonitration process of rod pump cylinders, in order to ensure the longevity of the tubular parts of rod pumps at the Izhevsk enterprise Neftemash JSC and to search for possible ways of import substitution of German technology. As a result of experimental studies, it was found that in order to achieve the hardness required by the design documentation, it is necessary to either significantly increase the exposure time during gas carbonitration, or, to increase productivity and efficiency, conduct experimental studies using the process of liquid carbonitration in a molten salts of cyanates and carbonates; and also, the carbonitration process is certainly more effective than ion nitriding, which is currently carried out for 26 hours for cylinders of sucker rod pumps, since even with a holding time of 1.5 hours, the hardness results obtained are somewhat better than those of Chinese samples.
Génesis de una época: el discurso y la sociabilidad museográficos en la prensa chilena, 1845-1847
Authors: Duarte Pérez Danilo
Published: January 2024

Últimamente han proliferado estudios sobre exposiciones nacionales chilenas, pero que han dejado fuera el análisis de la génesis de esa práctica museográfica y el de sus orígenes discursivos. Este estudio se propone dar cuenta de dicha aparición, de su materialización en el marco de las fiestas nacionales y de las polémicas que propició. Lo anterior con miras a aportar a la historiografía de la museología chilena. El estudio se ubica en un periodo germinal en el que la preocupación de la elite gobernante es construir la nación. El método histórico-crítico como fondo del análisis de fuentes primarias tales como prensa, normatividad, memorias, etc. contribuye a situar el inicio de una época y a determinar las condiciones de aparición del discurso museográfico nacional, además de individualizar a los integrantes de un Sujeto Emisor Colectivo (SEC).
Dampak Perkembangan Pariwisata Terhadap Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa
Authors: Dapang Irene Velani Nirmala , Widiastiti Anak Agung Istri Putera , Febianti Febianti
Published: January 2024

Penelitian mengenai dampak perkembangan pariwisata terhadap ekonomi masyarakat Desa Todo merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Todo, Kecamatan Satar Mese Utara, Kabupaten Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Daya tarik wisata di Desa Todo adalah Kampung adat yang bernama Kampung Adat Todo. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa Desa Todo dinilai cukup baik dalam proses perkembangan pariwisatanya. Dasar yang peneliti lihat sebagai acuan indikator ekonomi yang digunakan adalah tingkat kunjungan yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Kesiapan masyarakat setempat juga dapat dilihat dari tingkat pengetahuan dan keterlibatannya dalam pengembangan pariwisata Desa Todo yang menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat cukup siap menghadapi berbagai potensi dan dampak yang muncul. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan temuan bahwa perkembangan pariwisata berdampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Todo, antara lain: peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat, munculnya lapangan kerja dan peluang usaha, peningkatan kepemilikan dan penguasaan masyarakat lokal, dan peningkatan pendapatan pemerintahan. Sementara itu, belum ditemukan indikasi dampak negatif terhadap perekonomian masyarakat berupa kenaikan harga barang.
 
Research on the impact of tourism development on the economy of the Todo Village community is a type of qualitative descriptive research. This research was conducted in Todo Village, Satar Mese Utara District, Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The tourist attraction in Todo Village is a traditional village called Todo Traditional Village. The results of the study explain that Todo Village is considered quite good in the process of tourism development. The basis that the researcher sees as a reference for the economic indicators used is the level of visits that increases from year to year. The readiness of the local community can also be seen from the level of knowledge and involvement in the tourism development of Todo Village which shows that the community is quite ready to face various potentials and impacts that arise. This study also shows the findings that tourism development has a positive impact on the economic growth of the community in Todo Village, including increasing community income, creating employment and business opportunities, increasing ownership and control of local communities, and increasing government income. Meanwhile, there has been no indication of a negative impact on the community's economy in the form of an increase in the price of goods.