bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homozygous variant inTKFCabolishing triokinase activities is associated with isolated immunodeficiency
Authors: Tremblay-Laganière Camille , Michaud Coralie , Abourjaili-Bilodeau Raphaël , Cabezas Alicia , Canales José , Costas María Jesús , Ribeiro João M , Leclerc-Blain Jessica , Touzot Fabien , Haddad Elie , Teira Pierre , Duval Michel , Onoufriadis Alexandros , Meunier Brigitte , Cameselle José Carlos , Campeau Philippe M
Published: May 2024

Background

Triokinase and FMN cyclase (TKFC) is a bifunctional enzyme involved in fructose metabolism. Triokinase catalyses the phosphorylation of fructose-derived glyceraldehyde (GA) and exogenous dihydroxyacetone (DHA), while FMN cyclase generates cyclic FMN. TKFC regulates the antiviral immune response by interacting with IFIH1 (MDA5). Previously reported pathogenic variants inTKFCare associated with either a multisystemic disease or isolated hypotrichosis with loose anagen hairs.

Methods

Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous novel variant inTKFC(c.1624G>A; p.Gly542Arg) in an individual with a complex primary immunodeficiency disorder. The variant was characterised using enzymatic assays and yeast studies of mutant recombinant proteins.

Results

The individual presented with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease and multiple bacterial and viral infections. Clinical investigations revealed hypogammaglobulinaemia, near absent natural killer cells and decreased memory B cells. Enzymatic assays showed that this variant displayed defective DHA and GA kinase activity while maintaining FMN cyclase activity. An allogenic bone marrow transplantation corrected the patient’s immunodeficiency.

Conclusion

Our report suggests that TKFC may have a role in the immunological system. The pathological features associated with this variant are possibly linked with DHA/GA kinase inactivation through a yet an unknown mechanism. This report thus adds a possible new pathway of immunometabolism to explore further.
Patterns of anatomical injury and anaesthesia procedures in wounded Ukrainian soldiers from Anti-Terrorist Operation/Operation Joint Forces: 2014–2021
Authors: Kuchyn Iurii , Sapunar D , Horoshko V
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The study aims to analyse the causes and anatomical patterns of explosive and gunshot wounds in Ukrainian soldiers acquired during the Anti-Terrorist Operation/Operation Joint Forces. We also investigated how general and regional anaesthesia procedures affected post-operative pain in wounded soldiers.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was done based on the medical records of Ukrainian soldiers wounded in the Anti-Terrorist Operation/Operation Joint Forces between 2014 and 2021. The collected data included the American Society of Anesthesiologists score, mechanism of injury, the pattern of anatomical injury, pain intensity and the choice of anaesthesia given. Pain intensity was diagnosed using a Numerical Rating Scale.

Results

A total of 280 combat casualties with explosive (75.7%) and gunshot (24.3%) wound injuries were included in the study. Most of the wounded soldiers had one body region affected by injury (59.3%). In most of the cases, the affected body regions were lower (48.2%) and upper (33.8%) limbs. In 62.5% of patients, regional anaesthesia was used, while general anaesthesia was used in 37.5% of cases. The pain significantly decreased after initial treatment at the field medical unit regardless of the anaesthesia type or the number of affected body regions.

Conclusion

Understanding the sources and anatomical patterns of war-related injuries in recent conflicts is an important element in reducing the mortality and suffering of wounded soldiers. The high percentage of injured extremities in our cohort emphasises the importance of regional anaesthesia in contemporary wars.
Bilateral ultrasound-guided maxillary and mandibular combined nerves block reduces morphine consumption after double-jaw orthognathic surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Esquerré Thomas , Mure Marion , Minville Vincent , Prevost Alice , Lauwers Frédéric , Ferré Fabrice
Published: May 2024

Background

Double-jaw surgeries are known to be painful and to require opioids. Maxillary (V2) and mandibular (V3) nerves block could provide adequate pain management with minimal opioid-related side effects. Our main objective was to evaluate the analgesic effect of bilateral ultrasound-guided V2 and V3 combined nerves block in patients undergoing double-jaw orthognathic surgery.

Methods

In this single-blind, randomized control study, 50 patients were prospectively allocated to either bilateral ultrasound-guided V2 and V3 combined nerves block or intraoral infiltration of local anesthetic. Primary outcome was the cumulative oral morphine equivalent (OME) consumption assessed at postoperative day 1. Secondary outcomes were cumulative OME consumption and pain scores in recovery room and at postoperative day 2, intraoperative anesthetic consumption, and opioid-related side effects. Preoperative anxiety was investigated by the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS).

Results

Compared with infiltration, ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia reduced cumulative OME consumption on day 1 (45.7±37.6 mg vs 25.5±19.8 mg, respectively, mean difference of −20.1 (95% CI −37.4 to −2.9) mg, p=0.023) and day 2 (64.5±60 mg vs 35.8±30.2 mg, respectively, mean difference of −28.7 (95% CI −55.9 to −1.43) mg, p=0.040). Interestingly, worst pain score and cumulative OME consumptions on day 2 were positively correlated with the APAIS (Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.42 (p=0.003) and 0.39 (p=0.006), respectively).

Conclusion

Bilateral ultrasound-guided V2 and V3 combined nerves block reduces postoperative opioid consumption by about 50% in patients undergoing double-jaw surgery.

Trial registration number

NCT05351151.
Equity implications of tobacco taxation: results from WHO FCTC investment cases
Authors: Spencer Garrison , Nugent Rachel , Mann Nathan , Hutchinson Brian , Ngongo Carrie , Tarlton Dudley , Small Roy , Webb Douglas
Published: May 2024

Background

Across time, geographies and country income levels, smoking prevalence is highest among people with lower incomes. Smoking causes further impoverishment of those on the lower end of the income spectrum through expenditure on tobacco and greater risk of ill health.

Methods

This paper summarises the results of investment case equity analyses for 19 countries, presenting the effects of increased taxation on smoking prevalence, health and expenditures. We disaggregate the number of people who smoke, smoking-attributable mortality and cigarette expenditures using smoking prevalence data by income quintile. A uniform 30% increase in price was applied across countries. We estimated the effects of the price increase on smoking prevalence, mortality and cigarette expenditures.

Results

In all but one country (Bhutan), a one-time 30% increase in price would reduce smoking prevalence by the largest percent among the poorest 20% of the population. All income groups in all countries would spend more on cigarettes with a 30% increase in price. However, the poorest 20% would pay an average of 12% of the additional money spent.

Conclusions

Our results confirm that health benefits from increases in price through taxation are pro-poor. Even in countries where smoking prevalence is higher among wealthier groups, increasing prices can still be pro-poor due to variable responsiveness to higher prices. The costs associated with higher smoking prevalence among the poor, together with often limited access to healthcare services and displaced spending on basic needs, result in health inequality and perpetuate the cycle of poverty.
Is there a need for fresh frozen plasma and platelet transfusion in trauma patients receiving submassive transfusion?
Authors: Jehan Faisal , Zangbar Bardiya , Rafieezadeh Aryan , Shnaydman Ilya , Klein Joshua , Con Jorge , Prabhakaran Kartik
Published: May 2024

Background

Blood transfusions have become a vital intervention in trauma care. There are limited data on the safety and effectiveness of submassive transfusion (SMT), that is defined as receiving less than 10 units packed red blood cells (PRBCs) in the first 24 hours. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelet transfusions in patients undergoing SMT.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort, reviewing the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database spanning 3 years (2016 to 2018). Adult patients aged 18 years and older who had received at least 1 unit of PRBC within 24 hours were included in the study. We used a multivariate regression model to analyze the cut-off units of combined resuscitation (CR) (which included PRBCs along with at least one unit of FFP and/or platelets) that leads to survival improvement. Patients were then stratified into two groups: those who received PRBC alone and those who received CR. Propensity score matching was performed in a 1:1 ratio.

Results

The study included 85 234 patients. Based on the multivariate regression model, transfusion of more than 3 units of PRBC with at least 1 unit of FFP and/or platelets demonstrated improved mortality compared with PRBC alone. Among 66 319 patients requiring SMT and >3 units of PRBCs, 25 978 received PRBC alone, and 40 341 received CR. After propensity matching, 4215 patients were included in each group. Patients administered CR had a lower rate of complications (15% vs 26%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (3% vs 5%) and acute kidney injury (8% vs 11%). Rates of sepsis and venous thromboembolism were similar between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that patients receiving 4 to 7 units of PRBC alone had significantly higher ORs for mortality than those receiving CR.

Conclusion

Trauma patients requiring more than 3 units of PRBCs who received CR with FFP and platelets experienced improved survival and reduced complications.

Level of evidence

Level III retrospective study.
Characterization of cells expressing lipocalin-2 (LCN2) as a reporter
Authors: Sugaya Kimihiko
Published: May 2024

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), an effector molecule of the innate immune system that is small enough to be tagged as a reporter molecule, can be coupled with the ferric ion through a siderophore such as enterobactin (Ent). Mintbody (modification-specific intracellular antibody) can track a posttranslational protein modification in epigenetics. We constructed plasmids expressing the LCN2 hybrid of mintbody to examine the potential of LCN2 as a novel reporter for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cells expressing the LCN2 hybrid of mintbody showed proper expression and localization of the hybrid and responded reasonably to Ent, suggesting their potential for in vivo study by MRI.
Fire behaviour of damaged wood–steel–wood beam connections retrofitted with self-tapping screws — experimental study
Authors: Hegazi Mohamed , Salem Osama (Sam)
Published: May 2024

This experimental study aimed to investigate the structural fire behaviour of damaged glulam beam connections retrofitted using self-tapping screws (STS). Four full-size glulam beam-end bolted connections with wood–steel–wood connection configurations using four or six bolts arranged in two different bolt patterns were examined. All connections were retrofitted using STS after being deliberately damaged through physical testing until failure. In a subsequent stage, the retrofitted connections were experimentally tested under standard fire exposure while subjected to the maximum design load of the weakest, undamaged, unreinforced connection configuration. The influence of the application of STS in terms of preventing wood-splitting propagation and maintaining reasonable fire resistance for the retrofitted connections was experimentally investigated and proven in this study. Results show that the retrofitted glulam beam connections maintained a minimum of approximately 67% of the failure time of identical but undamaged, unreinforced connections under standard fire exposure.
Survival of mammoths (Mammuthus sp.) into the Late Pleistocene in Southwestern British Columbia (Vancouver Island), Canada
Authors: Termes L. , Keddie G. , Hebda R. , Trask P. , Arbour V. , Speller C. , Paskulin L. , Ramsey C. , Richards M.P.
Published: May 2024

As part of a larger project identifying and directly radiocarbon dating Late Pleistocene megafaunal remains in British Columbia (B.C.), Canada, we have confirmed the identity of many newly identified mammoth ( Mammuthus sp.) specimens ( n = 32) from Vancouver Island in Southwestern B.C. We undertook radiocarbon dating on all specimens and were able to obtain dates (due to preservation) on 16 of these remains, including redating a previously dated mammoth using newer radiocarbon extraction methods. The mammoth dates span a wide range, from >47 500 to 18 000 radiocarbon years B.P. (uncalibrated). These later new dates support other lines of evidence for portions of Vancouver Island remaining ice-free until well into the Fraser Glaciation.
Taking care of knowledge, taking care of salmon: towards Indigenous data sovereignty in an era of climate change and cumulative effects
Authors: Cannon S.E. , Moore J.W. , Adams M.S. , Degai T. , Griggs E. , Griggs J. , Marsden T. , Reid A.J. , Sainsbury N. , Stirling K.M. , Barnes Axdii A. Yee S. , Benson R. , Burrows D. , Chamberlin Gala'game R. , Charley B. , Dick D. , Duncan A.T. , Liddle Kung Kayangas M. , Paul M. , Prince N. Paul , Scotnicki C. , Speck K. , Squakin J. , Van Der Minne C. , Walkus J. , West K. , Wilson Kii'iljuus B. ,   The Indigenous Data Sovereignty Workshop Collective
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we argue that Indigenous data sovereignty (IDS) is vital for addressing threats to ecosystems, as well as for Indigenous Peoples re-establishing and maintaining sovereignty over their territories. Indigenous knowledge-holders face pressure from non-Indigenous scientists to collaborate to address environmental problems, while the open data movement is pressuring them to make their data public. We examine the role of IDS in the context of cumulative effects and climate change that threaten salmon-bearing ecosystems in British Columbia, guided by content from an online workshop in June 2022 and attended exclusively by a Tier-1 audience (First Nations knowledge-holders and/or technical staff working for Nations). Attention to data is required for fruitful collaborations between Indigenous communities and non-Indigenous researchers to address the impacts of climate change and the cumulative effects affecting salmon-bearing watersheds in BC. In addition, we provide steps that Indigenous governments can take to assert sovereignty over data, recommendations that external researchers can use to ensure they respect IDS, and questions that external researchers and Indigenous partners can discuss to guide decision-making about data management. Finally, we reflect on what we learned during the process of co-creating materials.
Compatibility and combination of world W-boson mass measurements
Authors:   LHC-TeV MW Working Group, Amoroso S. , Andari N. , Barter W. , Bendavid J. , Boonekamp M. , Farry S. , Grünewald M. , Hays C. , Hunter R. , Kretzschmar J. , Lupton O. , Pili M. , Ramos Pernas M. , Tuchming B. , Vesterinen M. , Vicini A. , Wang C. , Xu M.
Published: May 2024

The compatibility of W-boson mass measurements performed by the ATLAS, LHCb, CDF, and D0 experiments is studied using a coherent framework with theory uncertainty correlations. The measurements are combined using a number of recent sets of parton distribution functions (PDF), and are further combined with the average value of measurements from the Large Electron–Positron collider. The considered PDF sets generally have a low compatibility with a suite of global rapidity-sensitive Drell–Yan measurements. The most compatible set is CT18 due to its larger uncertainties. A combination of all $$m_W$$

m
W

measurements yields a value of $$m_W = 80{,}394.6 \pm 11.5$$

m
W

=
80
,
394.6
±
11.5

 MeV with the CT18 set, but has a probability of compatibility of 0.5% and is therefore disfavoured. Combinations are performed removing each measurement individually, and a 91% probability of compatibility is obtained when the CDF measurement is removed. The corresponding value of the W boson mass is $$80{,}369.2 \pm 13.3$$

80
,
369.2
±
13.3

 MeV, which differs by $$3.6\sigma $$

3.6
σ

from the CDF value determined using the same PDF set.
Weak decays of the triply heavy baryons in the three-quark picture with the light-front quark model
Authors: Lu Fang , Ke Hong-Wei , Liu Xiao-Hai
Published: May 2024

We investigate the weak decays of the triply heavy baryon $$\Omega _{QQQ}$$

Ω

QQQ

in the light-front quark model. Since $$\Omega _{QQQ}$$

Ω

QQQ

consists of three indistinguishable identical heavy quarks, the commonly adopted quark–diquark picture does not seem to be valid anymore. Instead, we employ the three-quark picture for baryons where the three quarks are regarded as individual quarks. We calculate the hadronic form factors for the transitions and give predictions for the decay widths of the semi-leptonic decay modes $$\Omega _{ccc}\rightarrow \Xi _{cc}/ \Omega _{cc}+ l^+\nu _l$$

Ω

ccc

→

Ξ

cc

/

Ω

cc

+

l
+

ν
l

, $$\Omega _{bbb}\rightarrow \Xi _{bb}+ l^-\bar{\nu }_l$$

Ω

bbb

→

Ξ

bb

+

l
-

ν

¯

l

and the non-leptonic decay modes $$\Omega _{ccc}\rightarrow \Xi _{cc}/\Omega _{cc}+ M$$

Ω

ccc

→

Ξ

cc

/

Ω

cc

+
M

, $$\Omega _{bbb}\rightarrow \Xi _{bb}+ M$$

Ω

bbb

→

Ξ

bb

+
M

. Our study can be a guide for future experiments to discover the triply heavy baryons.
Conserved spin operator of Dirac’s theory in spatially flat FLRW space-times
Authors: Cotăescu Ion I.
Published: May 2024

New conserved spin and orbital angular momentum operators of Dirac’s theory on spatially flat FLRW space-times are proposed generalizing thus the recent results concerning the role of Pryce’s spin operator in the flat case (Cotăescu in Eur Phys J C, 82, 1073, 2022). These operators split the conserved total angular momentum generating the new spin and orbital symmetries that form the rotations of the isometry groups. The new spin operator is defined and studied in active mode with the help of a suitable spectral representation giving its Fourier transform. Moreover, in the same manner is defined the operator of the fermion polarization. The orbital angular momentum is derived in passive mode using a new method, inspired by Wigner’s theory of induced representations, but working properly only for global rotations. In this approach the quantization is performed finding that the one-particle spin and orbital angular momentum operators have the same form in any FLRW spacetime regardless their concrete geometries given by various scale factors.
Kaluza–Klein tower and bubble nucleation in six dimensional Einstein–Maxwell theory
Authors: Seo Min-Seok
Published: May 2024

We study the implication of the distance and the cobordism conjecture on the 6-dimensional Einstein–Maxwell theory compactified on $$S^2$$

S
2

. In this toy model, the radion potential is stabilized by the conspiracy of the curvature of $$S^2$$

S
2

and the flux through $$S^2$$

S
2

parametrized by f, and uplifted by the positive 6-dimensional cosmological constant parametrized by $$\lambda $$
λ
. When $$\lambda =0$$

λ
=
0

, the radion is stabilized at the anti-de Sitter (AdS) vacuum, which cannot be interpolated to the Minkowski vacuum since the Kaluza–Klein (KK) tower descends from UV in the vanishing limit of the 4-dimensional cosmological constant. For nonzero $$\lambda $$
λ
which realizes the metastable de Sitter (dS) vacuum, as well as the AdS and the Minkowski vacuum, such an obstruction can be found provided the combination $$f^2\lambda $$

f
2

λ

is fixed and the limit $$\lambda \rightarrow 0$$

λ
→
0

is taken. Moreover, the 6-dimensional Einstein–Maxwell theory allows the transition between vacua through the nucleation of the bubble. In this case, the values of the 4-dimensional cosmological constant inside and outside the bubble are different as f is changed at the bubble wall, while $$\lambda $$
λ
remains unchanged. Regarding the AdS vacuum with the vanishing curvature radius as the ‘nothing’, we find that the transition from the metastable dS vacuum to the nothing is not prevented by the descent of the KK tower since $$f^2\lambda $$

f
2

λ

is not fixed.
Seismicity and state of stress in NE Arabia
Authors: Weidle Christian , Glück Elisabeth , Deif Ahmed , El-Hussain Issa , Meier Thomas
Published: May 2024

Eastern Arabia exhibits low seismic activity although damaging earthquakes are historically known. Despite the proximity to convergent plate boundaries in the Arabia–Eurasia collision zone, the state of stress in northern Oman with its persistent topography of the Oman Mountains (OM) remains enigmatic. We have revised the earthquake catalogue of northern Oman and confirm the detection and location accuracy of the permanent network by comparison with a temporarily densified network across the OM. For the first time, we infer focal mechanisms (FM) for earthquakes in Oman from P-wave polarities.

Seismic activity is high in the Northern OM but diminishes rapidly south of 24.5° N. In the Central and Eastern OM, low-magnitude earthquakes occur along topography bounding faults with mostly transtensional FM. Offshore, seismicity follows NE-trending lines in extension of the Semail Gap and the Masirah Fault Zones, up to the Makran trench. Except for an isolated patch of repeated small-magnitude earthquakes, the western Makran trench is seismically quiet.

Inversion of FM confirms a NE–SW direction of maximum horizontal stress that aligns with Arabia–Eurasia convergence. In the Central and Eastern OM, maximum horizontal and vertical stresses are balanced. The topography of the OM appears, therefore, not to be generally sustained by compressional forces.
Late Neoproterozoic alkaline intrusives in Huqf sediments; a new reservoir target in southern Oman
Authors: Smewing John D. , Ilic Alex , Razi Muhammad F.
Published: May 2024

Recent drilling in Block 56 on the southern Oman coast NE of Salalah has revealed the presence of intrusive rocks in Huqf sediments. The igneous bodies are found as both discrete and composite, decametre scale sills separated by screens of Huqf host rock. Compositionally they form a cogenetic suite of monzonites and syenites that can be related by fractional crystallization to a gabbro–diorite parental magma. Enrichment in alkalis and other large ion lithophile elements points to either an enriched mantle source or magma-crust interaction on ascent.

Geochemical profiles match closely those of the latest Neoproterozoic alkaline eruptives now found as exotic volcanic blocks entrained in the salt diapirs of the Ghaba Salt Basin. Limited geochronological data indicate that the Block 56 intrusives are contemporaneous and derived from the same magma source.

Porosities in excess of 10% have been recorded in the intrusives; it is a dissolution porosity created by volume loss during the conversion of primary ferromagnesian minerals to biotite and ferroan dolomite. Porosity creation took place during a short lived, fault-controlled Cretaceous hydrothermal event contemporaneous with uplift and alkaline volcanic activity in the Masirah Ophiolite.

The intrusives contain a Huqf-sourced oil with light to medium viscosity appearance. Charging is believed to be coming from the cooler and shallower parts of the South Oman Salt Basin to the north and from beneath thick Cenozoic cover in the basin to the south.
Latent Representation Learning for Geospatial Entities
Authors: Lee Ween Jiann , Lauw Hady W.
Published: May 2024

Representation learning has been instrumental in the success of machine learning, offering compact and performant data representations for diverse downstream tasks. In the spatial domain, it has been pivotal in extracting latent patterns from various data types, including points, polylines, polygons, and networked structures. However, existing approaches often fall short of explicitly capturing both semantic and spatial information, relying on proxies and synthetic features. This article presents GeoNN, a novel graph neural network-based model designed to learn spatially-aware embeddings for geospatial entities. GeoNN leverages edge features generated from geodesic functions, dynamically selecting relevant features based on relative locations. It introduces both transductive (GeoNN-T) and inductive (GeoNN-I) models, ensuring effective encoding of geospatial features and scalability with entity changes. Extensive experiments demonstrate GeoNN's effectiveness in location-sensitive superpixel-based graphs and real-world points of interest, outperforming baselines across various evaluation measures.
Improving Graph Collaborative Filtering with Directional Behavior Enhanced Contrastive Learning
Authors: Yu Penghang , Bao Bing-Kun , Tan Zhiyi , Lu Guanming
Published: May 2024

Graph Collaborative Filtering is a widely adopted approach for recommendation, which captures similar behavior features through Graph Neural Network (GNN). Recently, Contrastive Learning (CL) has been demonstrated as an effective method to enhance the performance of graph collaborative filtering. Typically, CL-based methods first perturb users’ history behavior data (e.g., drop clicked items), then construct a self-discriminating task for behavior representations under different random perturbations. However, for widely existing inactive users, random perturbation makes their sparse behavior information more incomplete, thereby harming the behavior feature extraction. To tackle the above issue, we design a novel directional perturbation-based CL method to improve the graph collaborative filtering performance. The idea is to perturb node representations through directionally enhancing behavior features. To do so, we propose a simple yet effective feedback mechanism, which fuses the representations of nodes based on behavior similarity. Then, to avoid irrelevant behavior preferences introduced by the feedback mechanism, we construct a behavior self-contrast task before and after feedback, to align the node representations between the final output and the first layer of GNN. Different from the widely adopted self-discriminating task, the behavior self-contrast task avoids complex message propagation on different perturbed graphs, which is more efficient than previous methods. Extensive experiments on three public datasets demonstrate that the proposed method has distinct advantages over other CL methods on recommendation accuracy.
Analysis of Anodic Linear Sweep Voltammograms Considering Insufficient Lability of Cu|Cu(II), Glycine System
Authors: Survila Arvydas , Kanapeckaitė Stasė , Gudavičiūtė Laima
Published: May 2024

Anodic LS voltammograms of the alkaline Cu|Cu(II), glycine system were converted into mass-transport corrected Tafel plots considering that the glycinate anion L− takes part in the first stage of copper ionization. The anodic current density was normalized relative to the surface concentration of L− species, which was determined using the mass transfer model of chemically interacting species. The lability of the system was assessed based on available kinetic characteristics and specific experimental data. To linearize the Tafel plots, corrections were made to account for the insufficient mobility of the proton attached to glycine amino group. Obtained Tafel constants indicate that the second step of copper ionization, involving the oxidation of the intermediate copper(I)-glycine complex, is the rate-determining step.
The Electrode Kinetics of UCl3 in LiCl-KCl Molten Salt
Authors: Fang Fan , Liu Sijing , Yao Benlin , Xiao Yiqun , Jia Yanhong , Li Bin , Ye Guoan , He Hui
Published: May 2024

A comprehension of the electrochemical characteristics of uranium ions is crucial for the efficient separation of uranium from other actinides and fragment elements during electrorefining in pyroprocessing. In this study, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were used to study LiCl-KCl-UCl3 molten salt system at 773 K. The BET adsorption model was employed in this study to provide a more comprehensive description of the kinetic process of the reduction of U3+ to uranium metal on the working electrode surface. By comparing the simulated results with experimental data, it is observed that there is a strong agreement between them, indicating an accurate depiction of the redox process of uranium ion. Additionally, this model facilitates the analysis of uranium metal deposition on the electrode surface, thereby further substantiating the rationality and efficacy of the model.
Why ask why? Toward coordinating knowledge of proximate and ultimate explanations in physiology
Authors: Lira Matthew , Holder Kal H. , Gardner Stephanie M.
Published: May 2024

Why ask why? How questions posed in physiology task students with developing their mechanistic reasoning. Why questions sometimes undermine this reasoning. Prior research, however, also illustrates that framing the context of a question explicitly supports students in distinguishing between question types. We further illustrate how providing such context in the form of explanatory scaffolds and prompts allows students to tap different and useful varieties of knowledge when constructing written explanations.
Using case-based learning supported by role-playing situational teaching method in endocrine physiology education
Authors: Yan Yan , Zhang Ying , Jia Shuwei , Huang Yujia , Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Yanyan , Zhu Hui , Wen Haixia
Published: May 2024

Formal application through structured role-play is often overlooked in physiology education. In traditional case-based learning (CBL), clinical cases are the subject and unfocused discussion often occurs. The present study aimed to modify CBL with a role-playing situational teaching method and assess the student feedback and learning effect. The results show that the new teaching model encourages active learning and improves the application of basic knowledge of physiology.
Preventive effects of vasohibin-2-targeting peptide vaccine for diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Nakashima Yuri , Tanabe Katsuyuki , Mifune Tomoyo , Nakadoi Takato , Hayashi Hiroki , Nakagami Hironori , Sato Yasufumi , Wada Jun
Published: May 2024

This study demonstrated preventive effects of VASH2-targeting peptide vaccine therapy on albuminuria and glomerular microinflammation in STZ-induced diabetic mouse model by inhibiting renal Angpt2 expression. The vaccination was also effective in db/ db mice. The results highlight the importance of VASH2 in the pathogenesis of early-stage diabetic nephropathy and the practicability of anti-VASH2 strategy as a vaccine therapy.
Early-life exposures and long-term health: adverse gestational environments and the programming of offspring renal and vascular disease
Authors: Oulerich Zoé , Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda N.
Published: May 2024

Human data and experimental animal data show that suboptimal environments during fetal development increase the risk of renal and vascular diseases in adult-life. This is related to permanent changes in kidney structure, function, and expression of genes and signaling pathways controlling filtration, excretion, and endocrine function. Uncovering the mechanisms by which offspring renal development and function is impacted is important for identifying ways to mitigate the development of diseases that strain health care services worldwide.
Supplementary Information from Targeting TACC3 Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Enhances T-DM1 Response in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Gedik Mustafa Emre , Saatci Ozge , Oberholtzer Nathaniel , Uner Meral , Akbulut Caliskan Ozge , Cetin Metin , Aras Mertkaya , Ibis Kubra , Caliskan Burcu , Banoglu Erden , Wiemann Stefan , Üner Ayşegül , Aksoy Sercan , Mehrotra Shikhar , Sahin Ozgur
Published: May 2024

This file contains supplementary methods, 11 supplementary figures and 2 supplementary tables
Supplementary Material from NCI Cancer Research Data Commons: Cloud-Based Analytic Resources
Authors: Pot David , Worman Zelia , Baumann Alexander , Pathak Shirish , Beck Rowan , Beck Erin , Thayer Katherine , Davidsen Tanja M. , Kim Erika , Davis-Dusenbery Brandi , Otridge John , Pihl Todd , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Kerlavage Anthony R.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Material for article.
Supplementary Fig. S5. from MILIP Binding to tRNAs Promotes Protein Synthesis to Drive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zheng Si Min , Feng Yu Chen , Zhu Qin , Li Ruo Qi , Yan Qian Qian , Teng Liu , Yue Yi Meng , Han Man Man , Ye Kaihong , Zhang Sheng Nan , Qi Teng Fei , Tang Cai Xia , Zhao Xiao Hong , Zhang Yuan Yuan , Xu Liang , Xu Ran , Xing Jun , Baker Mark , Liu Tao , Thorne Rick F. , Jin Lei , Preiss Thomas , Zhang Xu Dong , Cang Shundong , Gao Jin Nan
Published: May 2024

MILIP interacts with tRNAs to promote TNBC cell viability.
Table S11 from Proteogenomic Characterization Reveals Estrogen Signaling as a Target for Never-Smoker Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients without EGFR or ALK Alterations
Authors: Park Seung-Jin , Ju Shinyeong , Goh Sung-Ho , Yoon Byoung-Ha , Park Jong-Lyul , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Lee Seonjeong , Lee Sang-Jin , Kwon Yumi , Lee Wonyeop , Park Kyung Chan , Lee Geon Kook , Park Seog Yun , Kim Sunshin , Kim Seon-Young , Han Ji-Youn , Lee Cheolju
Published: May 2024

Table S11
Supplementary Figure 2 from Proteogenomic Characterization Reveals Estrogen Signaling as a Target for Never-Smoker Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients without EGFR or ALK Alterations
Authors: Park Seung-Jin , Ju Shinyeong , Goh Sung-Ho , Yoon Byoung-Ha , Park Jong-Lyul , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Lee Seonjeong , Lee Sang-Jin , Kwon Yumi , Lee Wonyeop , Park Kyung Chan , Lee Geon Kook , Park Seog Yun , Kim Sunshin , Kim Seon-Young , Han Ji-Youn , Lee Cheolju
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 2
Supplementary Figure 1 from Proteogenomic Characterization Reveals Estrogen Signaling as a Target for Never-Smoker Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients without EGFR or ALK Alterations
Authors: Park Seung-Jin , Ju Shinyeong , Goh Sung-Ho , Yoon Byoung-Ha , Park Jong-Lyul , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Lee Seonjeong , Lee Sang-Jin , Kwon Yumi , Lee Wonyeop , Park Kyung Chan , Lee Geon Kook , Park Seog Yun , Kim Sunshin , Kim Seon-Young , Han Ji-Youn , Lee Cheolju
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Data from Proteogenomic Characterization Reveals Estrogen Signaling as a Target for Never-Smoker Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients without EGFR or ALK Alterations
Authors: Park Seung-Jin , Ju Shinyeong , Goh Sung-Ho , Yoon Byoung-Ha , Park Jong-Lyul , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Lee Seonjeong , Lee Sang-Jin , Kwon Yumi , Lee Wonyeop , Park Kyung Chan , Lee Geon Kook , Park Seog Yun , Kim Sunshin , Kim Seon-Young , Han Ji-Youn , Lee Cheolju
Published: May 2024

Reference, Legends, Supplementary Information
Supplementary Table 4 from Single-Cell Analysis Identifies NOTCH3-Mediated Interactions between Stromal Cells That Promote Microenvironment Remodeling and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiang Handan , Pan Yidan , Sze Marc A. , Wlodarska Marta , Li Ling , van de Mark Karyn Ann , Qamar Haleema , Moure Casey J. , Linn Douglas E. , Hai Josephine , Huo Ying , Clarke James , Tan Tze Guan , Ho Samantha , Teng Karen W. , Ramli Muhammad N. , Nebozhyn Michael , Zhang Chunsheng , Barlow Julianne , Gustafson Corinne E. , Gornisiewicz Savanna , Albertson Thomas P. , Korle Stephanie L. , Bueno Raphael , Moy Lily Y. , Vollmann Elisabeth H. , Chiang Derek Y. , Brandish Philip E. , Loboda Andrey
Published: May 2024

The marker genes identified in endothelial cell clusters
Supplementary Table 1 from Single-Cell Analysis Identifies NOTCH3-Mediated Interactions between Stromal Cells That Promote Microenvironment Remodeling and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiang Handan , Pan Yidan , Sze Marc A. , Wlodarska Marta , Li Ling , van de Mark Karyn Ann , Qamar Haleema , Moure Casey J. , Linn Douglas E. , Hai Josephine , Huo Ying , Clarke James , Tan Tze Guan , Ho Samantha , Teng Karen W. , Ramli Muhammad N. , Nebozhyn Michael , Zhang Chunsheng , Barlow Julianne , Gustafson Corinne E. , Gornisiewicz Savanna , Albertson Thomas P. , Korle Stephanie L. , Bueno Raphael , Moy Lily Y. , Vollmann Elisabeth H. , Chiang Derek Y. , Brandish Philip E. , Loboda Andrey
Published: May 2024

The summary of clinical features of the cohort A patient samples for scRNA-seq study and cohort B patient samples for IMC
Supplementary Table S1. from NCI Cancer Research Data Commons: Resources to Share Key Cancer Data
Authors: Wang Zhining , Davidsen Tanja M. , Kuffel Gina R. , Addepalli KanakaDurga , Bell Amanda , Casas-Silva Esmeralda , Dingerdissen Hayley , Farahani Keyvan , Fedorov Andrey , Gaheen Sharon , Grossman Robert L. , Kikinis Ron , Kim Erika , Otridge John , Pihl Todd , Porter Melissa , Rodriguez Henry , Staudt Louis M. , Thangudu Ratna R. , Venkatachari Sudha , Zenklusen Jean Claude , Zhang Xu , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Kerlavage Anthony R.
Published: May 2024

A list of web resources for CRDC data commons
Supplementary Figure 15 from Analysis of Tumor-Associated AXIN1 Missense Mutations Identifies Variants That Activate β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Zhang Ruyi , Li Shanshan , Schippers Kelly , Li Yunlong , Eimers Boaz , Lavrijsen Marla , Wang Ling , Cui Guofei , Chen Xin , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Lebbink Joyce H.G. , Smits Ron
Published: May 2024

Side-by-side comparison of selected AXIN1 variants in different domains
Multiplexed Imaging Mass Cytometry Analysis Characterizes the Vascular Niche in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Sussman Jonathan H. , Kim Nathalia , Kemp Samantha B. , Traum Daniel , Katsuda Takeshi , Kahn Benjamin M. , Xu Jason , Kim Il-Kyu , Eskandarian Cody , Delman Devora , Beatty Gregory L. , Kaestner Klaus H. , Simpson Amber L. , Stanger Ben Z.
Published: May 2024

Oncogenesis and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are driven by complex interactions between the neoplastic component and the tumor microenvironment, which includes immune, stromal, and parenchymal cells. In particular, most PDACs are characterized by a hypovascular and hypoxic environment that alters tumor cell behavior and limits the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Characterization of the spatial features of the vascular niche could advance our understanding of inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity in PDAC. In this study, we investigated the vascular microenvironment of PDAC by applying imaging mass cytometry using a 26-antibody panel on 35 regions of interest across 9 patients, capturing more than 140,000 single cells. The approach distinguished major cell types, including multiple populations of lymphoid and myeloid cells, endocrine cells, ductal cells, stromal cells, and endothelial cells. Evaluation of cellular neighborhoods identified 10 distinct spatial domains, including multiple immune and tumor-enriched environments as well as the vascular niche. Focused analysis revealed differential interactions between immune populations and the vasculature and identified distinct spatial domains wherein tumor cell proliferation occurs. Importantly, the vascular niche was closely associated with a population of CD44-expressing macrophages enriched for a proangiogenic gene signature. Taken together, this study provides insights into the spatial heterogeneity of PDAC and suggests a role for CD44-expressing macrophages in shaping the vascular niche.

Significance: Imaging mass cytometry revealed that pancreatic ductal cancers are composed of 10 distinct cellular neighborhoods, including a vascular niche enriched for macrophages expressing high levels of CD44 and a proangiogenic gene signature.
Minimal Residual Disease using a Plasma-Only Circulating Tumor DNA Assay to Predict Recurrence of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Following Curative Intent Treatment
Authors: Parikh Aparna R. , Chee Bryant H. , Tsai Jill , Rich Thereasa A. , Price Kristin S. , Patel Sonia A. , Zhang Li , Ibrahim Faaiz , Esquivel Mikaela , Van Seventer Emily E. , Jarnagin Joy X. , Raymond Victoria M. , Corvera Carlos U. , Hirose Kenzo , Nakakura Eric K. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Van Loon Katherine , Atreya Chloe E.
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection can identify the recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) following definitive treatment. We evaluated a plasma-only MRD assay to predict recurrence and survival in patients with metastatic CRC who underwent curative intent procedures (surgery and/or radiotherapy), with or without (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. The primary objective of this study was to assess the correlation of postprocedure tumor cell–free DNA detection status with radiographic disease recurrence.

Experimental Design:

Preprocedure and postprocedure longitudinal samples were collected from 53 patients and analyzed with a multiomic MRD assay detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from genomic and epigenomic signals. Preprocedure and postprocedure ctDNA detection correlated with recurrence-free and overall survival (OS).

Results:

From 52 patients, 230/233 samples were successfully analyzed. At the time of data cutoff, 36 (69.2%) patients recurred with median follow-up of 31 months. Detectable ctDNA was observed in 19/42 patients (45.2%) with ctDNA analyzed 3 weeks postprocedure. ctDNA detection 3 weeks postprocedure was associated with shorter median recurrence-free survival (RFS; HR, 5.27; 95% CI, 2.31–12.0; P < 0.0001) and OS (HR, 12.83; 95% CI, 3.6–45.9; P < 0.0001). Preprocedure ctDNA detection status was not associated with RFS but was associated with improved OS (HR, 4.65; 95% CI, 1.4–15.2; P = 0.0111). Undetectable ctDNA preprocedure had notable long-term OS, >90% 3 years postprocedure.

Conclusions:

In this cohort of oligometastatic CRC, detection of ctDNA preprocedure or postprocedure was associated with inferior outcomes even after accounting for known prognostic clinicopathologic variables. This suggests ctDNA may enhance current risk stratification methods helping the evaluation of novel treatments and surveillance strategies toward improving patient outcomes.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Enhanced Antipediatric Sarcoma Effect of Everolimus with Secukinumab by Targeting IL17A
Authors: Huang Dan , Wu Zhipeng , Wu Zhengyi , Li Nuoya , Hao Liang , Li Kuangfan , Zeng Junquan , Qiu Bingbing , Zhang Shouhua , Yan Jinlong
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S3 shows effects of secukinumab and everolimus on body weights of mice in vivo.
Figure S8 from Evaluating for Correlations between Specific Metabolites in Patients Receiving First-Line or Second-Line Immunotherapy for Metastatic or Recurrent NSCLC: An Exploratory Study Based on Two Cohorts
Authors: Xu Yanjun , Ding Kaibo , Peng Zhongsheng , Ding Ling , Li Hui , Fan Yun
Published: May 2024

Metabolite heatmap between Cohorts 1 and 2. The left panels (A, C) were obtained in the negative polarity mode, and the right panels (B, D) were obtained in the positive polarity mode. Each row in the graph represents one differential metabolite, and each column represents a set of samples. Red represents significant upregulation, blue represents significant downregulation, color shades indicate the degree of upper downregulation, and metabolites with close expression patterns are clustered under the same cluster on the left.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Momordicine-I Suppresses Head and Neck Cancer Growth by Reprogrammimg Immunosuppressive Effect of the Tumor-Infiltrating Macrophages and B Lymphocytes
Authors: Sur Subhayan , Bhartiya Pradeep , Steele Robert , Brennan Michelle , DiPaolo Richard J. , Ray Ratna B.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 2: Image showing the gating strategy of flow cytometry and cell sorting.
Supplementary Table S3 from Design and Evaluation of ZD06519, a Novel Camptothecin Payload for Antibody Drug Conjugates
Authors: Petersen Mark E. , Brant Michael G. , Lasalle Manuel , Das Samir , Duan Renee , Wong Jodi , Ding Tong , Wu Kaylee J. , Siddappa Dayananda , Fang Chen , Zhang Wen , Wu Alex M. L. , Hirkala-Schaefer Truman , Garnett Graham A. E. , Fung Vincent , Yang Luying , Hernandez Rojas Andrea , Lawn Samuel O. , Barnscher Stuart D. , Rich Jamie R. , Colombo Raffaele
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table S3 shows the DMPK properties of lead payloads
Table S2 from Pharmacological Characterization of SDX-7320/Evexomostat: A Novel Methionine Aminopeptidase Type 2 Inhibitor with Anti-tumor and Anti-metastatic Activity
Authors: Cornelius Peter , Mayes Benjamin A. , Petersen John S. , Turnquist David J. , Dufour Pierre J. , Dannenberg Andrew J. , Shanahan James M. , Carver Bradley J.
Published: May 2024

This table provides details on where each cathepsin enzyme was obtained.
Figure S2 from 4′-Ethynyl-2′-Deoxycytidine (EdC) Preferentially Targets Lymphoma and Leukemia Subtypes by Inducing Replicative Stress
Authors: Calbert Marissa L. , Chandramouly Gurushankar , Adams Clare M. , Saez-Ayala Magali , Kent Tatiana , Tyagi Mrityunjay , Ayyadevara V.S.S. Abhinav , Wang Yifan , Krais John J. , Gordon John , Atkins Jessica , Toma Monika M. , Betzi Stéphane , Boghossian Andrew S. , Rees Matthew G. , Ronan Melissa M. , Roth Jennifer A. , Goldman Aaron R. , Gorman Nicole , Mitra Ramkrishna , Childers Wayne E. , Graña Xavier , Skorski Tomasz , Johnson Neil , Hurtz Christian , Morelli Xavier , Eischen Christine M. , Pomerantz Richard T.
Published: May 2024

Schematic of semi-unbiased screening approach.
Data from Design and Evaluation of ZD06519, a Novel Camptothecin Payload for Antibody Drug Conjugates
Authors: Petersen Mark E. , Brant Michael G. , Lasalle Manuel , Das Samir , Duan Renee , Wong Jodi , Ding Tong , Wu Kaylee J. , Siddappa Dayananda , Fang Chen , Zhang Wen , Wu Alex M. L. , Hirkala-Schaefer Truman , Garnett Graham A. E. , Fung Vincent , Yang Luying , Hernandez Rojas Andrea , Lawn Samuel O. , Barnscher Stuart D. , Rich Jamie R. , Colombo Raffaele
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the field of antibody drug conjugates (ADC) has seen a resurgence, largely driven by the clinical benefit observed in patients treated with ADCs incorporating camptothecin-based topoisomerase I inhibitor payloads. Herein, we present the development of a novel camptothecin ZD06519 (FD1), which has been specifically designed for its application as an ADC payload. A panel of camptothecin analogs with different substituents at the C-7 and C-10 positions of the camptothecin core was prepared and tested in vitro. Selected compounds spanning a range of potency and hydrophilicity were elaborated into drug-linkers, conjugated to trastuzumab, and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. ZD06519 was selected on the basis of its favorable properties as a free molecule and as an antibody conjugate, which include moderate free payload potency (∼1 nmol/L), low hydrophobicity, strong bystander activity, robust plasma stability, and high-monomeric ADC content. When conjugated to different antibodies using a clinically validated MC-GGFG–based linker, ZD06519 demonstrated impressive efficacy in multiple cell line–derived xenograft models and noteworthy tolerability in healthy mice, rats, and non-human primates.