bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MIXED PROBABILITY MODELS FOR ALEATORIC UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DENSE STEREO MATCHING
Authors: Zhong Z. , Mehltretter M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The ability to identify erroneous depth estimates is of fundamental interest. Information regarding the aleatoric uncertainty of depth estimates can be, for example, used to support the process of depth reconstruction itself. Consequently, various methods for the estimation of aleatoric uncertainty in the context of dense stereo matching have been presented in recent years, with deep learning-based approaches being particularly popular. Among these deep learning-based methods, probabilistic strategies are increasingly attracting interest, because the estimated uncertainty can be quantified in pixels or in metric units due to the consideration of real error distributions. However, existing probabilistic methods usually assume a unimodal distribution to describe the error distribution while simply neglecting cases in real-world scenarios that could violate this assumption. To overcome this limitation, we propose two novel mixed probability models consisting of Laplacian and Uniform distributions for the task of aleatoric uncertainty estimation. In this way, we explicitly address commonly challenging regions in the context of dense stereo matching and outlier measurements, respectively. To allow a fair comparison, we adapt a common neural network architecture to investigate the effects of the different uncertainty models. In an extensive evaluation using two datasets and two common dense stereo matching methods, the proposed methods demonstrate state-of-the-art accuracy.
A FRAMEWORK FOR GENERIC SPATIAL SEARCH IN 3D POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Otepka J. , Mandlburger G. , Karel W. , Wöhrer B. , Ressl C. , Pfeifer N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Modern data acquisition with active or passive photogrammetric imaging techniques generally results in 3D point clouds. Depending on the acquisition or processing method, the spacing of the individual points is either uniform or irregular. In the latter case, the neighbourhood definition like for digital images (4- or 8-neighbourhood, etc.) cannot be applied. Instead, analysis requires a local point neighbourhood. The local point neighbourhood with conventional k-nearest neighbour or fixed distance searches often produce sub-optimal results suffering from the inhomogeneous point distribution. In this article, we generalize the neighbourhood definition and present a generic spatial search framework which explicitly deals with arbitrary point patterns and aims at optimizing local point selection for specific processing tasks like interpolation, surface normal estimation and point feature extraction, spatial segmentation, and such like. The framework provides atomic 2D and 3D search strategies, (i) k-nearest neighbour, (ii) region query, (iii) cell based selection, and (iv) quadrant/octant based selection. It allows to freely combine the individual strategies to form complex, conditional search queries as well as specifically tailored point sub-selection. The benefits of such a comprehensive neighbourhood search approach are showcased for feature extraction and surface interpolation of irregularly distributed points.
ESTIMATION OF SNOW DEPLETION CURVE FOR GANGOTRI BASIN USING MULTI-SOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Verma P. , Ghosh S. K. , Ramsankaran R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Snow Depletion Curve derived from satellite images is a key parameter in Snowmelt Runoff Model. The fixed temporal resolution of a satellite and presence of cloud cover in Himalayas restricts accuracy of generated SDC. This study presents an effective approach of reducing temporal interval between two consecutive dates by integrating normalized Snow Cover Area estimated from multiple sources of satellite data. SCA is extracted by using Normalized Difference Snow Index for six snowmelt seasons from 2013 to 2018 for Gangotri basin situated in Indian Himalayas. This work also explores potential of recently launched Sentinel-3A for estimating SCA. Normalized SCA is utilized to eliminate the effect of difference in spatial resolution of various satellites. The result develops an important linear relation between SDC and time with a decrease in snow cover of 0.005/day that may be further refined by increasing the number of snowmelt seasons. This relationship may help scientific community in understanding hydrological response of glaciers to climate change.
A METHOD OF WATER DEPTH INVERSION IN COASTAL AREA CONSIDERING TEMPERATURE INFORMATION
Authors: Liu Y. , Gao X. , Wang G. , Zhang T. , Wang J.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The remote sensing method for water depth inversion is fast, flexible, and low in cost, which has become an important means of method for water depth detection. This paper takes the coastal area where is around Gulangyu Island as the research area. Based on the spectral reflectance, sea surface temperature (SST) and measured water depth data, a nonlinear inversion model of water depth is established by using BP neural network. Combined with the tide data, the water depth and underwater topography in coastal area is obtained. The average relative error is 0.27. The root mean square error is 1.92. The results show that the participation of sea surface temperature in the model construction can improve the inversion error of offshore water depth to a certain extent, and can help improve the accuracy of the model.
UPDATING LANDSLIDE INVENTORY MAPS USING HIGH RESOLUTION DIGITAL ORTHOPHOTOS AND DIGITAL SURFACE AND ELEVATION MODELING: THE CASE STUDY OF BRUSQUE CITY, SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: Osako L. S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This study reports the updating of the landslide inventory map of Brusque city, State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Twenty-six digital orthophotos acquired in 2010 with a ground resolution of 0.4 meters were analyzed together with shaded relief images obtained by Digital Surface and Digital Elevation modelling with spatial resolution of 1 meter. These remote sensing products were treated, analyzed and visualized in a Geographic Information System – GIS environment. The landslide inventory included a total of 500 landslides, corresponding to a mean density of 1.76 landslides per km2. The total area of landslide occurrences is 0.81 km2, which corresponds to 0.29% of the study area. 0.22 km2 of the total area landslides occur inside the urban perimeter and 0.59 km2 outside Brusque. The geological context and the occurrence of landslides were analyzed together: 277 landslides affect altered metamorphic rocks, 179 landslides granite, and 44 landslides unconsolidated sediments. The updated landslide inventory map showed that 80% of mapped landslides occur in areas of high and moderate susceptibility.
EVALUATING AN AUTOMATED OBJECT-ORIENTED METHOD TO DELINEATE DRUMLINS FROM BOTH TERRESTRIAL AND SUBMARINE DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS
Authors: Saha K. , Van Landeghem K. J. J.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In the field of geomorphological mapping, the demand for automated delineation of bedforms is growing due to the increasing availability of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) in small to medium resolutions. This automated technique is not commonly applied in submarine DEMs, where bedform morphology is often subdued due to erosion and part-burial. Here we analyse drumlins in both terrestrial and submarine environments to compare and contrast the set of rules needed for their automated delineation from 3D topographic data. An existing set of rules for automated extraction to delineate the perimeter of terrestrial drumlins was developed in 2011 using object-oriented classification tools, available through eCognition Developer (V.8.7.2). This partly supervised method is evaluated here and subsequently adjusted to be applied to extract drumlins from a submarine DEM with a higher resolution. Several adjustments were needed due to the morphologic differences between the terrestrial and the submarine drumlins. For submarine drumlins, a focus on variation in elevation in the tool is needed, as part-burial and overprinting by other bedforms is common in submarine settings. A Canny Edge Detector filter was used instead of the Sobel Edge detection filter, whilst slope gradient and direction played a larger role in the set of rules. Visual and quantitative comparison with manually delineated drumlin perimeters confirms the success of this revised automated extraction method in both terrestrial and submarine environments. The flexibility and precision of this method thus allow for the future development of object-oriented classification tools to delineate a wide range of bedforms from large-scale DEMs collected from all environments.
END-TO-END PHYSICS-INFORMED REPRESENTATION LEARNING FOR SATELLITE OCEAN REMOTE SENSING DATA: APPLICATIONS TO SATELLITE ALTIMETRY AND SEA SURFACE CURRENTS
Authors: Fablet R. , Amar M. M. , Febvre Q. , Beauchamp M. , Chapron B.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This paper addresses physics-informed deep learning schemes for satellite ocean remote sensing data. Such observation datasets are characterized by the irregular space-time sampling of the ocean surface due to sensors’ characteristics and satellite orbits. With a focus on satellite altimetry, we show that end-to-end learning schemes based on variational formulations provide new means to explore and exploit such observation datasets. Through Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) using numerical ocean simulations and real nadir and wide-swath altimeter sampling patterns, we demonstrate their relevance w.r.t. state-of-the-art and operational methods for space-time interpolation and short-term forecasting issues. We also stress and discuss how they could contribute to the design and calibration of ocean observing systems.
SEGMENTATION OF BUILDINGS BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION PERSISTENT SCATTERER POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Schneider P. J. , Soergel U.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Integrating differential synthetic aperture radar measurements into building information modeling systems requires a mapping of these measurement points onto structural parts of the building. We use a reverse geocoding approach to project building footprints into slant-range geometry, which helps to accurately assign PS points to single building identities. By treating the deformation time series as points in a high dimensional feature space, we can use dimensional reduction and clustering techniques to extract clusters of points that show a similar movement behavior. We visualize these clusters by mapping them onto ground truth, using laser scanning point clouds. Our approach segments buildings into plausible parts.
PIECEWISE ANOMALY DETECTION USING MINIMAL LEARNING MACHINE FOR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES
Authors: Raita-Hakola A-M. , Pölönen I.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Hyperspectral imaging, with its applications, offers promising tools for remote sensing and Earth observation. Recent development has increased the quality of the sensors. At the same time, the prices of the sensors are lowering. Anomaly detection is one of the popular remote sensing applications, which benefits from real-time solutions. A real-time solution has its limitations, for example, due to a large amount of hyperspectral data, platform’s (drones or a cube satellite) constraints on payload and processing capability. Other examples are the limitations of available energy and the complexity of the machine learning models. When anomalies are detected in real-time from the hyperspectral images, one crucial factor is to utilise a computationally efficient method. The Minimal Learning Machine is a distance-based classification algorithm, which can be modified for anomaly detection. Earlier studies confirms that the Minimal learning Machine (MLM) is capable of detecting efficiently global anomalies from the hyperspectral images with a false alarm rate of zero. In this study, we will show that by using a carefully selected lower threshold besides the higher threshold of the variance, it is possible to detect local and global anomalies with the MLM. The downside is that the improved method is highly sensitive with the respect to the noise. Thus, the second aim of this study is to improve the MLM’s robustness with respect to noise by introducing a novel approach, the piecewise MLM. With the new approach, the piecewise MLM can detect global and local anomalies, and the method is significantly more robust with respect to noise than the MLM. As a result, we have an interesting, easy to implement and computationally light method which is suitable for remote sensing applications.
ACCURACY INVESTIGATION ON IMAGE-BASED CHANGE DETECTION FOR BIM COMPLIANT INDOOR MODELS
Authors: Meyer T. , Brunn A. , Stilla U.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Construction progress documentation is currently of great interest for the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) branch and BIM (Building Information Modeling). Subject of this work is the geometric accuracy assessment of image-based change detection in indoor environments based on a BIM. Line features usually serve well as geodetic references in indoor scenes in order to solve for camera orientation. However, building edges are never perfectly built as planned and often geometrically generalized for BIM compliant representation. As a result, in this approach, line correspondences for image-to-model co-registration are considered as statistically uncertain entities as this is essential for dealing with metric confidences in the field of civil engineering and BIM. We present an estimation model for camera pose refinement which is based on the incidence condition between model edges and corresponding image lines. Geometric accuracies are assigned to the model edges according to the Level of Accuracy (LOA) specification for BIM. The approach is demonstrated in a series of tests using a synthetic image of an indoor BIM. The effects of varying edge detection accuracies on the estimation are investigated as well as the effects of using model edges with different geometric quality by adding Gaussian noise to the synthetic observations, each within 100 simulation runs. The results show that the camera orientation can be improved with the presented estimation model as long as the BIM compliant references meet the conditions of LOA 30 or higher (σ < 7.5 mm).
DEVELOPMENT OF 3D CADASTRE IN NEW SOUTH WALES THROUGH E-PLAN LODGEMENT
Authors: Masri T. , Paudyal D. R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. With rapid growth of urban environments worldwide, there is an increasing need to develop more innovative and efficient land administration systems. In Australia, various jurisdictions are currently in the process of implementing 3D cadastre to support better land administration services to the wider community. The ‘Cadastre 2034 Strategy’ published by the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping (ICSM) for Australia in 2014 indicates that a digital cadastre will be implemented as part of that strategy. As part of development of 3D cadastre, State of New South Wales has used the ePlan model based on LandXML for digital lodgement and validation of cadastral plans. This initiative aims to replace PDF cadastral plans with the digital format of LandXML. However, with the introduction of LandXML as the chosen formats for digital cadastral plans in NSW, there has been a significantly low level of Strata Plan digital capture and submission in LandXML format by the surveying industry. The research aims to identify the main challenges and explore a suitable method to improve the adoption of the digital format for Strata Plan submission and development of 3D cadastre in NSW. In this research paper, a mixed method research approach has been used by integrating both qualitative and quantitative data. The primary data was collected using online questionnaires and surveys of different stakeholders from government and the private surveying industry. The data allowed for the assessment of the effectiveness and implications of the digital system currently maintained by the NSW LRS (Land Registry Services). A case study was used for the creation, validation and lodgement of an existing strata plan using LandXML format. This paper demonstrates that implementation of 3D digital cadastral plans needs to be more structured in order to satisfy all stakeholders involved. More investment into the representation of complex 3D geometric models and classification for validation will improve the uptake by surveyors. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the proposed strata plan implementation strategy and proposes future research within the topic of strata plan validation in NSW, Australia.
2-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE FREE NETWORK
Authors: Sluis B. , Toth C.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This paper attempts to quantify geometric considerations in observations and observe trends in solutions to free network solutions. The method of investigation will be utilizing 2D observations to determine how each measurement affects the overall solution and the location of the observations relative to the other nodes. A local reference system will be determined using the Gauss-Markov model with constraints by fixing the largest range observation to the y-axis to give a relative orientation. Further solutions will be calculated by fixing additional points to generate multiple least squares solutions relative to the local reference system. The resulting final points will be modeled using the Gauss-mixture model and compared to a simulated dataset generated by adding random error to the observations. Different weight matrices will be tested to demonstrate the effect on the overall solution. These methods were chosen because of prior experimentation by different research groups studying geometric considerations for UAS and ground surveying conditions. The major contribution will be the trends observed in the modeling and the correlation of the fixed local solutions to the geometry of the points.
ACCESSING AND PROCESSING BRAZILIAN EARTH OBSERVATION DATA CUBES WITH THE OPEN DATA CUBE PLATFORM
Authors: Gomes V. C. F. , Carlos F. M. , Queiroz G. R. , Ferreira K. R. , Santos R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Recently, several technologies have emerged to address the need to process and analyze large volumes of Earth Observations (EO) data. The concept of Earth Observations Data Cubes (EODC) appears, in this context, as the paradigm of technologies that aim to structure and facilitate the way users handle this type of data. Some projects have adopted this concept in developing their technologies, such as the Open Data Cube (ODC) framework and the Brazil Data Cube (BDC) platform, which provide open-source tools capable of managing, processing, analyzing, and disseminating EO data. This work presents an approach to integrate these technologies through the access and processing of data products from the BDC platform in the ODC framework. For this, we developed a tool to automate the process of searching, converting, and indexing data between these two systems. Besides, four ODC functional modules have been customized to work with BDC data. The tool developed and the changes made to the ODC modules expand the potential for other initiatives to take advantage of the features available in the ODC.
VOLUME COMPARISON OF AUTOMATICALLY RECONSTRUCTED MULTI-LOD BUILDING MODELS FOR URBAN PLANNING APPLICATIONS
Authors: Doan T. Q. , León-Sánchez C. , Peters R. , Agugiaro G. , Stoter J.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. 3D city models are playing a growing role worldwide as sources of integrated information upon which different urban applications are developed. In the context of urban planning and design, semantic 3D city models can provide plenty of qualitative and quantitative information about the urban context and of the area(s) to be transformed. This paper takes inspiration and continues a work recently published in which several design parameters and Key Performance Indicators are computed from a semantic 3D city model, and later used in a GIS-supported urban design process to develop a new area. As many of such parameters are derived from the gross volume of the building stock, this paper investigates whether and to which extent different building stock models might affect the estimation of the gross volume. The study is carried out in anticipation of the upcoming LoD2-based, country-wide model of the Netherlands that is being finalised by our team. At the same time, the paper investigates whether and which information can be obtained regarding the quality of the LoD2 model from a comparison with the LoD1 one, with a focus on volume calculation.
PLASTIC SURGERY FOR 3D CITY MODELS: A PIPELINE FOR AUTOMATIC GEOMETRY REFINEMENT AND SEMANTIC ENRICHMENT
Authors: Wysocki O. , Schwab B. , Hoegner L. , Kolbe T. H. , Stilla U.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Nowadays, the number of connected devices providing unstructured data is rapidly rising. These devices acquire data with a temporal and spatial resolution at an unprecedented level creating an influx of geoinformation which, however, lacks semantic information. Simultaneously, structured datasets like semantic 3D city models are widely available and assure rich semantics and high global accuracy but are represented by rather coarse geometries. While the mentioned downsides curb the usability of these data types for nowadays’ applications, the fusion of both shall maximize their potential. Since testing and developing automated driving functions stands at the forefront of the challenges, we propose a pipeline fusing structured (CityGML and HD Map datasets) and unstructured datasets (MLS point clouds) to maximize their advantages in the automatic 3D road space models reconstruction domain. The pipeline is a parameterized end-to-end solution that integrates segmentation, reconstruction, and modeling tasks while ensuring geometric and semantic validity of models. Firstly, the segmentation of point clouds is supported by the transfer of semantics from a structured to an unstructured dataset. The distinction between horizontal- and vertical-like point cloud subsets enforces a further segmentation or an immediate refinement while only adequately depicted models by point clouds are allowed. Then, based on the classified and filtered point clouds the input 3D model geometries are refined. Building upon the refinement, the semantic enrichment of the 3D models is presented. The deployment of a simulation engine for automated driving research and a city model database tool underlines the versatility of possible application areas.
IMAGE-BASED REALITY-CAPTURING AND 3D MODELLING FOR THE CREATION OF VR CYCLING SIMULATIONS
Authors: Wahbeh W. , Ammann M. , Nebiker S. , van Eggermond M. , Erath A.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. With this paper, we present a novel approach for efficiently creating reality-based, high-fidelity urban 3D models for interactive VR cycling simulations. The foundation of these 3D models is accurately georeferenced street-level imagery, which can be captured using vehicle-based or portable mapping platforms. Depending on the desired type of urban model, the street-level imagery is either used for semi-automatically texturing an existing city model or for automatically creating textured 3D meshes from multi-view reconstructions using commercial off-the-shelf software. The resulting textured urban 3D model is then integrated with a real-time traffic simulation solution to create a VR framework based on the Unity game engine. Subsequently, the resulting urban scenes and different planning scenarios can be explored on a physical cycling simulator using a VR helmet or viewed as a 360-degree or conventional video. In addition, the VR environment can be used for augmented reality applications, e.g., mobile augmented reality maps. We apply this framework to a case study in the city of Berne to illustrate design variants of new cycling infrastructure at a major traffic junction to collect feedback from practitioners about the potential for practical applications in planning processes.
CREATIVE STRATEGIES IN NAVIGATING THE NEW NORMAL: ADVANCING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE ISPRS STUDENT CONSORTIUM AS AN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Authors: Reyes S. R. , Cruz C. , Üstüner M. , Jjuuko C. , Guliyeva S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Student Consortium (ISPRS SC) is an international student organization representing the youth in the ISPRS. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected students and young professionals around the world because of country-wide lockdowns and comprehensive quarantine and social distancing measures. This situation led to the implementation of distance learning and remote work. The Consortium organized different activities in support of students and young professionals during the global health crisis. Despite the challenges and necessary adjustments, the unprecedented situation helped the organization adapt to change and encouraged us to revisit our roles as an international organization. The ISPRS SC hosts and coordinates activities and events both in person and online, including the Webinar Series, the publication of the SpeCtrum and the summer schools. During the pandemic, we improved our existing activities to provide support to our members and to the scientific community in general as we navigate major lifestyle changes and become more adept in using technology in our day-to-day lives. We also introduced new initiatives such as the Virtual Rooms and the GeoMixer, and continued to work in partnership with different organizations in remote sensing, photogrammetry and spatial information science. Moreover, we continued to strengthen our connection to the ISPRS through a collaboration with the ISPRS White Elephant Club and for a special event honouring one of the most important figures in the Society and in the profession. With all these activities organized during this challenging time, the Consortium experienced growth in terms of organizing and improving its activities, our roles as an international organization, and our online presence. The Consortium has also taken steps for continuity and sustained relevance to both the youth and ISPRS.
Sensitivity of subglacial drainage to water supply distribution at the Kongsfjord basin, Svalbard
Authors: Scholzen Chloé , Schuler Thomas V. , Gilbert Adrien
Published: June 2021

Abstract. By regulating the amount, the timing, and the location of
meltwater supply to the glacier bed, supraglacial hydrology potentially
exerts a major control on the evolution of the subglacial drainage system,
which in turn modulates ice velocity. Yet the configuration of the
supraglacial hydrological system has received only little attention in
numerical models of subglacial hydrology so far. Here we apply the
two-dimensional subglacial hydrology model GlaDS (Glacier Drainage System model) to a Svalbard glacier basin
with the aim of investigating how the spatial distribution of meltwater
recharge affects the characteristics of the basal drainage system. We design
four experiments with various degrees of complexity in the way that
meltwater is delivered to the subglacial drainage model. Our results show
significant differences between experiments in the early summer transition
from distributed to channelized drainage, with discrete recharge at moulins
favouring channelization at higher elevations and driving overall lower
water pressures. Otherwise, we find that water input configuration only
poorly influences subglacial hydrology, which instead is controlled
primarily by subglacial topography. All experiments fail to develop channels
of sufficient efficiency to substantially reduce summertime water pressures,
which we attribute to small surface gradients and short melt seasons. The
findings of our study are potentially applicable to most Svalbard tidewater
glaciers with similar topography and low meltwater recharge. The absence of
efficient channelization implies that the dynamics of tidewater glaciers in
the Svalbard archipelago may be sensitive to future long-term trends in
meltwater supply.
The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica
Authors: Gu Fengguan , Yang Qinghua , Kauker Frank , Liu Changwei , Hao Guanghua , Yang Chaoyuan , Liu Jiping , Heil Petra , Li Xuewei , Han Bo
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Single-column sea ice models are used to focus on the thermodynamic evolution of the ice. Generally these models are forced by atmospheric reanalysis in absence of atmospheric in situ observations. Here we assess the sea ice thickness (SIT) simulated by a single-column model (ICEPACK) with in situ observations obtained off Zhongshan Station for the austral winter of 2016. In the reanalysis the surface air temperature is about 1 °C lower, the total precipitation is about 2 mm day−1 larger, and the surface wind speed is about 2 m s−1 higher compared to the in situ observations, respectively. Using sensitivity experiments we evaluate the simulation bias in sea ice thickness due to the uncertainty in the individual atmospheric forcing variables. We show that the unrealistic precipitation in the reanalysis leads to a bias of 14.5 cm in sea ice thickness and of 17.3 cm in snow depth. In addition, our data show that increasing snow depth works to gradually inhibits the growth of sea ice associated with thermal blanketing by the snow due to changing the vertical heat flux. Conversely, given suitable conditions, the sea ice thickness may grow suddenly when the snow load gives rise to flooding and leads to snow-ice formation. A potential mechanism to explain the different characteristics of the precipitation bias on snow and sea ice is discussed. The flooding process for landfast sea ice might cause different effect compared to pack ice, thus need to be reconsidered in ICEPACK. Meanwhile, the overestimation in surface wind speed in reanalysis is likely responsible for the underestimation in simulated snow depth, however this had little influence on the modelled ice thickness.
ارتفاع أسعار المواد الغذائية وعلاقتها بالأمن الغذائي في مدينة طرابلس
Authors: اليعقوبى سلسبيل احمد , حكم عبدالرزاق على , بن حامد أسامه محمد بن حامد
Published: June 2021

أشار تقرير منظمة الأغذية والزراعة ((FAO لسنة 2018 إلى أن النزاع المستمر في ليبيا قد أدى إلى تدهور حاله الأمن الغذائي. حيث أشار التقرير إلى أن 24 % من النازحين الليبيين غير آمنين غذائيا، وما يصل إلى 62 % معرضين لخطر الإصابة بانعدام الأمن الغذائي، وقد أشار أيضا إلى أن معظم الأسر الليبية تقوم بتقليل كميه الأغذية المستهلكة، وتتناول نفس الوجبات ولا تهتم بنوعيتها.  استهدفت هذه الدراسة عينة عشوائية من مدينة طرابلس لمعرفة مدى تأثير ارتفاع أسعار المواد الغذائية على الأمن الغذائي عن طريق استبانه ورقية و الكترونية تحتوي على 28 سؤال وزعت على 200 شخص منهم 49.5% إناث و 50.5% ذكور؛ أعمارهم من20 إلى أكثر من 40 سنة، حيث تم استخدام الأعمدة البيانية كأداة لتمثيل البيانات إحصائيا، بالإضافة إلى التعرف على العلاقة بين دخل وحجم الأسرة في مدينة طرابلس وبين إنفاقها على المواد الغذائية وما هي الآثار المترتبة على ذلك بالاستعانة بالبرنامج القياسي (Gretl ) في تقدير دالة الإنفاق على المواد الغذائية . أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن أفراد العينة يعتمدون على الأغذية النشوية بسبب رخص ثمنها، ويتجنبون الأغذية ذات القيمة الغذائية العالية لارتفاع أسعارها أو لعدم توفر السيولة الكافية لشرائها، إن ارتفاع الأسعار بسبب تدهور الحالة الأمنية قد يؤدي إلى إصابتهم بأحد أمراض سوء التغذية، وهذا طبعا يتنافى مع تعريف الأمن الغذائي والذي يعني إمكانية الوصول المادي إلى أغذية كافية ومأمونة ومغذية لتلبية احتياجاتهم الغذائية لحياة نشطة وصحية.  أُستنتج من هذه الدراسة أن 66% من أفرادها قد أثر سعر الغذاء على نوع الوجبة التي يتناولونها و63%  قد أثر سعر الغذاء على  كمية الوجبة التي يستهلكونها ، وهذا يعني أن للأسعار تأثير كبير على نوع و كمية و حجم الوجبة التي يستهلكــــها الأفراد
مدى كفاءة المراجعة الخارجية في الحد من ممارسات المحاسبة الإبداعية "دراسة تطبيقية على مكاتب المراجعة بمدينة مصراته"
Authors: شابون ابوبكر , الشويرف عبدالله , ديهوم عبدالسلام
Published: June 2021

بعد الانهيارات التي شهدتها الشركات الكبيرة العالمية، وظهور ما يسمى بأساليب المحاسبة الإبداعية، ازداد الاهتمام بعملية المراجعة، حيث تعتبر المراجعة إحدى الركائز الأساسية لنظام الرقابة في الشركات؛ لكي تتمكن من تحقيق أهدافها بكفاءة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى كفاءة المراجعة الخارجية، ودراسة أثرها على ممارسات المحاسبة الإبداعية، كما تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى استخدام إدارات الشركات لبعض أساليب المحاسبة الإبداعية من وجهة نظر المراجعين الخارجيين والأكاديميين بمدينة مصراته .اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي؛ ولهذا فقد تم تصميم قائمة استبانة لغرض تجميع بيانات حول متغيرات الدراسة، والتي تم تحليلها باستخدام برنامج (SPSS) الإحصائي، وأسهمت هذه الدراسة في إثراء الجانب النظري الخاص بعملية المراجعة والمحاسبة الإبداعية، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن المراجعة الخارجية ذات كفاءة إلى حد ما، كما بينت الدراسة إلى وجود ممارسات لأساليب المحاسبة الإبداعية؛ وذلك حسب آراء عينة الدارسة،  كما أظهرت الدراسة بأن كفاءة المراجعة الخارجية تلعب دورا مهما في الحد من ممارسات المحاسبة الإبداعية.
الحقل المغناطيسي الأرضي المرجعي العالمي في اليمن في بداية عام 2020 والتغيرات طويلة الأمد خلال الفترة من 1900 و2020
Authors: الأكحلي إبراهيم عبدالحميد
Published: June 2021

الحقل المغناطيسي الأرضي المرجعي هو أفضل تمثيل رياضي للحقل المغناطيسي الأرضي المقاس في زمن ما، ويتم تقييمهُ كل خمس سنوات واُعتُمِدَّ من قبل الاتحاد الدولي للمغناطيسية الأرضية وعلم الطيران (IAGA) لأهميته في الملاحة، المسح المغناطيسي، رسم الخرائط الجيولوجية، الاستخدامات العسكرية، دراسة الشواذ المغناطيسي المحلي في القشرة الأرضية، عمليات المسح والتوجيه في الأبعاد الثلاثة. تم جمع بيانات قيم عناصر هذا الحقل -مجاناً- من موقع مركز تحليل البيانات للمغناطيسية الأرضية والمغناطيسية الفضائية التابع لجامعة كيوتو اليابانية لـ 171 موقعاً في اليمن لعام 1970 وبداية 2020م والمقارنة بينهما لمعرفة مقدار التغير خلال الخمسين سنة الماضية في قيم العناصر المغناطيسية، كما تم جمع بيانات العناصر المختلفة لهذا الحقل لمراكز مُدن عدن، صنعاء وصعدة لبداية كل خمسية للفترة ما بين 1900 وحتى بداية 2020م، مما سمح برسم التغيرات طويلة الأمد لهذا الحقل خلال تلك الفترة.
تقييم صفات الجودة لأصناف من القمح المحلي والمستورد المستخدمة في المطاحن الوطنية لإنتاج دقيق الخبز ومدى مطابقتها للمواصفات القياسية الليبية
Authors: الهبيل صلاح على , أبوراس ناجي الهادي
Published: June 2021

أجريت هذه الدراسة على صنف القمح المحلي (الكُفرة)، وثلاثة أصناف من الأقماح الربيعية المستخدمة في المطاحن الليبية لغرض إنتاج دقيق الخبز، تم استيرادها من روسيا، أوكرانيا وألمانيا لمعرفة مدى مطابقتها للمواصفات القياسية الليبية المتعلقة بدقيق القمح المعد لصناعة الخبز. أظهرت الاختبارات الفيزيوكيميائية تفوق الصنف الألماني والأوكراني على مستوى اختبار الألف حبة والوزن النوعي. بينت نتائج الاختبارات الكيميائية تفوق الصنف المحلي والروسي في المحتوى الدهني، الرماد، النشا المهشم والبنتوزانات الكلية الذائبة في الماء. نسبة البروتين الكلي والجلوتين الرطب كانت مرتفعة في الصنف الألماني والأوكراني. بينت قيم معامل الارتباط لبيرسون بين الوزن النوعي ونسبة الاستخلاص على وجود علاقة طردية وارتباط موجب قوي. أظهرت نتائج اختبارات رقم السقوط انخفاض في نشاط أنزيمات ألفا أميليز. أظهر دقيق الصنف المحلي الكُفرة والصنف الروسي امتصاصية جيدة مقارنة بدقيق الصنف الألماني والأوكراني. بينت نتائج التحليل الإحصائي وجود علاقة طردية موجبة وارتباط قوي ومن جهة أخرى فقد تفوق دقيق الصنفين الألماني والأوكراني بزمن نضج وثباتية العجينة. الاختبارات الفيزيائية على الخُبز أشارت لتفوق الخبز المصنوع من دقيق الصنف الألماني والأوكراني في اختبار حجم الخبز وكذلك الوزن النوعي. أكدت الاختبارات الحسية بأن دقيق الصنف الألماني والأوكراني توافرت فيهما أغلب الشروط المشار لها في المواصفة القياسية الليبية لدقيق الخبز وأيضاً الصنف المحلي والروسي وأن كانت بدرجة جودة أقل فيما عدا نكهة الخبز فقد تفوق الصنف المحلي والصنف الروسي في هذه الخاصية. بينت نتائج الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين رغيف الخبز الناتج من دقيق القمح الألماني والأوكراني، إلا أن هناك فروقات معنوية في رغيف الخبز بين الصنف الألماني والأوكراني من جهة وبين الصنف المحلي والروسي من جهة أخرى.
تقدير بعض المعالم الوراثية لصفات النمو والصوف في ضأن البربري الليبية
Authors: أحتاش عبدالكريم , أبوزخار عياد , أبوساق فتحي
Published: June 2021

جمعت البيانات من سجلات قطيع الضأن البربري الليبي في محطة أبحاث الأغنام بمركز البحوث الزراعية، حيث تم تلقيح عدد 332 نعجة بـ 25 كبش خلال الفترة 2004 – 2009 لدراسة بعض خصائص النمو والصوف. استخدم في الدراسة 306 سجل لصفة وزن الميلاد و 252 سجل لوزن الفطام،  كما جمعت البيانات من سجلات خصائص الصوف  لعدد 347 سجل لوزن جزة الصوف الخام، وعدد 324 سجل لطول الخصلة وعدد الانثناءات/2 سم خلال الفترة من 2005 – 2009. تهدف الدراسة إلى تقييم الأداء والمعايير الوراثية لبعض الصفات في الضأن البربري في ليبيا. استخدم برنامج (ASREML) باتباع نموذج الحيوان لتقدير المكافئ الوراثي التجمعي والأمي وكذلك الارتباط الوراثي والأمي لصفات النمو. كان المتوسط العام لوزن الميلاد (و.م)، وزن الفطام (و.ف)، وزن الفطام المعدل (و.ف.م) 3.11 ± 0.06 كجم ، 21.11 ± 0.08 كجم ، 21.62 ± 0.02 كجم على التوالي، كما كان وزن جزة الصوف الخام (و.ص.خ)، طول الخصلة (ط.خ)، عدد الإنثناءات/ 2سم للألياف الناعمة (ع.ث)، 1.98± 0.67 كجم ، 9.67 ± 1.64سم ، 11.02 ± 1.56 على التوالي. المكافئ الوراثي التجمعي 0.11 ، 0.21 ، 0.27 والمكافئ الوراثي الأمي 0.05 ، 0.11 ، 0.25 للصفات (و.م)، (و.ف)، (و . ف . م) على التوالي. تراوحت قيم الارتباط الوراثي التجمعي والأمي والمظهري بين صفتي (و.م)، (و.ف) مابين 0.08 و 0.966، وبين صفتي (و. م)، (و.ف.م) ما بين 0.159  و 0.694 .
Soccer Team Performance Forecasting using artificial neural network
Authors: Al-Shebany Mabrouka Amhamed , Amshaher Jazya Moftah , Mohammed Hana
Published: June 2021

Recently a large effort was spent on forecasting the outcome of sporting events. Due to forecasting perspective, the presence of competition introduces particular modeling challenges, which in turn limit the applicability of standard techniques. The objective of this study is to create a soccer team performance-forecasting model based on Artificial Neural networks that is capable of forecasting soccer players’ performance depending on teams’ history and behavior in previous matches as an input. The proposed model was trained and tested using a dataset including the features of Egypt Telecommunications club 15 years soccer team participating in the Egyptian Football Association Youth Dorian.  Simulation results indicated that the proposed model could be classified as a stable predication model especially for soccer team’s status and performance, achieving high accuracy rate up to 95%.
Fostering Quality in the Graduation Research Project at the Libyan Faculties of Education: Libyan Teacher-Educators’ Perspectives
Authors: Elsherif Entisar , Elhsan Fuzia
Published: June 2021

One of the Libyan Faculty of Education exit requirements is the graduation research project. Current literature review indicates the scarcity of literature on the quality of the graduation project in the Libyan context. Thus, the present study addressed this shortcoming by investigating the opinions of the faculty members at the Faculties of Education at various Libyan public universities on achieving quality standards in the graduation research projects. The design of the study was exploratory sequential mixed methods as we gathered both quantitative and qualitative data to get accurate and detailed picture of the Libyan teacher-educators’ views on fostering quality in the graduation research project. The context of the study is the Faculties of Education at eight Libyan universities. The participants were 62 Libyan teacher-educators who were faculty members at the Libyan Faculties of Education. Data were collected through documents, questionnaires, and follow up interviews. The results showed that the participants’ views were opposite to the document analysis and revealed that the participants were not sure whether the regulations covered all the points related to the graduation research projects, so they preferred to be neutral. They also perceived several factors as the issues that hindered the quality of the graduation research projects. The participants suggestions as ways of fostering quality in the graduation research projects included achieving quality by following the quality standards described by the quality assurance department among other suggestions.
Chemical Engineering Graduate Courses Curriculum Development with Simulation Components
Authors: Edali Mohamed , Alaswad Walid , Bseibsu Ali , Sahem Zaed , Rajeb Faraj Ben , Elkamel Ali
Published: June 2021

The graduate chemical engineering curriculum at our institution Elmergib University is replete with both problem-based and project-based learning components. This paper focuses on a complex methodology of inquiry-based learning (IBL), which has been proven to well prepare graduate students for a successful career in engineering. IBL requires Students to invest a considerable time during the class and after working at home learning with the aid of mentoring how to develop and answer a research question. Teaching both IBL and the development of field-specific simulation skills challenge professors. That does not allow much of the class time required to cover material reliance on mathematical tools that often hamper student understanding of the underlying phenomena and difficulty in providing immersive and exciting visuals that support in-depth learning. An IBL component was incorporated into a simulation-based design in four successive graduate courses: Advanced computational Numerical Methods, Advanced heat transfer, Advanced fluid mechanics, and Advanced transport phenomena. The courses were modified to contain Multiphysics simulations with application building that develop technical competency by developing modeling skills, deeper understanding by solving realistic problems, and writing skills by producing technical reports for each simulation. The use of the Multiphysics application building component adds a new skillset that further strengthens our program graduates. The paper shows the teaching and learning strategies efforts have been implemented, course teaching tools Apps structure, student outcome assessment, and research project exam questions and their simulation results from students’ reports.
De Ptolomeo a Hering: percepción binocular
Authors: Cardona Suárez Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2021

Euclides propuso trazar pirámides (o conos) como artefactos para facilitar el estudio de la percepción visual. El artefacto supone que el objeto visto moldea la base de una pirámide en cuyo vértice se encuentra el ojo que percibe. El artefacto enfrenta una seria dificultad cuando advertimos que la percepción visual se lleva a cabo con dos ojos que cooperan. El artículo analiza dos intentos de modificar el artefacto euclidiano para que siga prestando un servicio productivo sin renunciar a las presuposiciones centrales. Estos intentos, distanciados en el tiempo, corresponden a los estudios clásicos de la visión binocular de Ptolomeo y los aportes de Ewald Hering en el siglo XIX.
Nagycsütörtök mint az árulás emléknapja (is): I. Szentmise
Authors: Diósi Dávid
Published: June 2021

Gründonnerstag ist nicht nur der Gedenktag der Einsetzung des Abendmahls (coena domini). Zu ihm gehört „der Verrat des Judas und die Verhaftung Jesu wie auch die Verleugnung durch Petrus; die Anklage vor dem Hohen Rat und die Auslieferung an die Heiden, an Pilatus“ (Predigt von Papst Benedikt XVI., Abendmahlsmesse am Gründonnerstag, 5. April 2012, Lateranbasilika). Die folgende Studie befasst sich mit Judas Iskariot, dem Verräter Jesu, in der Liturgie des Gründonnerstags. Sein Porträt wird anhand liturgischer Texte dargestellt. Dazu werden die wichtigsten Textzeugen der Eucharistiefeier dieses Festes in der Liturgiegeschichte (z.B. die Judas-Präfation), sowie die einschlägigen Judas-Responsorien für die Matu- tin desselben Tages (Officium tenebrarum) vom Breviarium Romanum näher untersucht und auswertet.
Posztmodern teológia? Avagy a like esélye
Authors: András István
Published: June 2021

Guardando la nostra epoca sorgono in noi domande: „dove andiamo così” o „che fine avrà l’uomo”. L’articolo seguente porta davanti ai nostri occhio una risposta speciale che si costruisce sul lavoro di Leclercq e descrive l’uomo postmoderno come virtuale, senza gran affetto verso la teologia ma capace di creare qualcosa di nuovo. Seguendo l’itinerario di Leclercq possiamo osservare come dalla teologia monastica attraverso la scolastica con le scoperte del mondo moderno si arriva al postmoderno dove diventerà una da migliaia. Questo mondo prepara la via per qualcosa di nuovo in cui precisamente sarà presente anche Dio.
Az egyház communio jellege és a pasztorális tanács
Authors: Linczenbold Levente
Published: June 2021

The Second Vatican Council and subsequent documents, in view of the pastoral challenges, strongly recommend the establishment of a pastoral council in the dioceses, in which mainly the laity should be involved. The task of the council is to raise and discuss issues concerning pastoral work and to reach practical conclusions. In the interpretation of the Church as communio, the juridical figure of the pastoral council is an important institution, since based on the theological structure of the communio, its members can assist the bishop in the pastoral care of the diocese with their opinions and remarks by virtue of their universal mission received in baptism. The notion that the mission stemming from the general priesthood would imply such representative character which would signify the exercise of ecclesiastical power is erroneous. The reference to the individual or collective interests of advisory bodies is the real expression of the Church’s communio insofar as it serves the common good of the Church. Otherwise, we are dealing only with a misunderstood conception of “democracy” that interprets communion in the Church merely on a humanistic, anthropological level, and considers the decentralization of power to be its fundamental task. With regard to the pastoral council, the principle of synodality is closely linked to the communio nature of the Church, as issues concerning pastoral care must be thoroughly discussed together, and decision-making mechanisms must be well prepared, which serves as basis for the diocesan bishop to be able to make the desired decision.
Mewujudkan SDM Unggul di Bidang Perdagangan melalui Corporate University
Authors: Rachman Nadya Megawati , Hidayati Ratnaningsih
Published: June 2021

As an organization's strategic tool for developing Human Resources competencies, the initiation of the formation of the Ministry of Trade Corporate University requires a blueprint. Therefore, the purpose of writing this paper is to create an initial thinking framework for the development of the Ministry of Trade's Corporate University. The analytical method used in this research is to study relevant scientific literature. The results of the study show that the Ministry of Trade's Corporate University Initiation should start with a paradigm shift about learning from all relevant stakeholders. The foundation of this paradigm shift is the existence of a good learning strategy and leadership with a change initiative initiated by the top leadership of the organization. There are five pillars of the Ministry of Trade, Corporate University, namely Integrated Career Path and Human Capital Development, Knowledge Management, Learning Innovation, Network and Partnership, and Backbone Infrastructure.
Persepsi Peserta Atas Penyelenggaraan Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) Audit Berbasis Risiko
Authors: Evianto Evan
Published: June 2021

This study is aimed at identifying and measuring the critical success factors in the implementation of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in technical training for auditor within the Badan Pengawasan Keuangan dan Pembangunan. The study is based on the perceptions of training participants obtained from the answers to the questions in the questionnaire that were filled out when completing the learning session. The questions are divided into five groups of questions which according to the literature are critical success factors including the provision of training, training materials and learning designs, online lecturers / instructors, training infrastructure, and support services. The sample in the study was taken from the MOOC learning session which included 165 responses. The results showed that the training participants perceived that the learning infrastructure factor was the most important determinant of success and was followed by the online instructor / instructor factor. While the training material and learning design factors were perceived by the training participants as the least influencing factors on the successful implementation of the MOOC.