bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Komunikasi Interpersonal Konselor UPTD PPA Kota Bogor Dalam Permulaan Konseling Kasus Kekerasan (Studi Kasus Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Kota Bogor)
Authors: Dewantara Muhammad Iqbal , Siregar Mariana Rista Ananda
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan guna menemukan strategi baru dan lebih efektif dalam pelaksanaan permulaan konseling kasus kekerasan yang ditangani oleh konselor di UPTD PPA Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif sekuensial. Yang dimana pengambilan data, penjelasan analisis dan pembahasan menggunakan metode kualitatif sementara untuk menemukan strategi yang baru menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis SWOT. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak Kota Bogor. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam kepada setiap konselor yang ada di UPTD PPA Kota Bogor. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat 4 strategi baru setelah dilakukan analisis SWOT dengan EFAS IFAS yang dimana UPTD PPA memiliki kendala internal dalam melakukan konseling namun ada peluang untuk bisa lebih baik kedepannya. Kesimpulannya UPTD PPA Kota Bogor harus menyelesaikan permasalahan internal yang dapat mengganggu jalannya konseling kasus kekerasan dan juga harus bisa memanfaatkan peluang yang ada.
Patriarki Dan Femvertising: Eksploitasi Feminisme Sebagai Alat Kapitalisme Dalam Media
Authors: Amelia Mita , Rohimi Primi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas fenomena femvertising, yaitu strategi pemasaran yang memanfaatkan nilai-nilai feminisme seperti pemberdayaan perempuan dan kesetaraan gender untuk mempromosikan produk. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi sejauh mana narasi feminisme dalam femvertising digunakan secara manipulatif oleh perusahaan untuk mendukung kepentingan kapitalisme. Data diperoleh melalui analisis narasi dan visual dari kampanye iklan yang mengusung tema feminisme, seperti "Real Beauty" dari Dove dan "Like a Girl" dari Always, serta ditinjau dalam kaitannya dengan praktik bisnis perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dualitas dalam femvertising: di satu sisi, kampanye ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran tentang isu kesetaraan gender, namun di sisi lain, sering kali hanya menjadi alat untuk membangun citra positif perusahaan tanpa komitmen nyata terhadap nilai-nilai feminisme. Temuan juga mengungkapkan bahwa representasi perempuan dalam iklan cenderung homogen dan tidak inklusif, mengabaikan kelompok marjinal. Selain itu, terdapat kontradiksi antara pesan pemberdayaan dalam iklan dan praktik perusahaan, seperti ketimpangan gender internal dan eksploitasi tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun femvertising memiliki potensi untuk mendukung transformasi sosial, implementasinya sering kali lebih berorientasi pada keuntungan komersial daripada perubahan sosial yang berkelanjutan.
Strategi Komunikasi Efektif Guru dalam Membentuk Karakter Siswa di SMK HKTI 2 Purworeja Klampok
Authors: Hidayah Dava Nur
Published: February 2025

Strategi Komunikasi Efektif dalam pembentukan karakter siswa, adalah serangkaian pendekatan atau teknik komunikasi yang dirancang untuk memengaruhi, membimbing, dan membentuk nilai-nilai, sikap, serta perilaku siswa agar sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan karakter. Strategi ini berfokus pada interaksi yang membangun, penuh empati, dan memberikan teladan positif. Strategi komunikasi efektif ini bertujuan menciptakan interaksi yang mudah di pahami antara guru dan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komunikasi guru dalam membentuk karakter siswa di SMK HKTI 2 Purworeja Klampok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi di dalam kelas, dan wawancara baik kepada Guru maupun siswa, Dari data yang diperoleh guru menggunakan metode komunikasi informatif, persuasif, dan konstruktif, dan dilengkapi dengan metode nasehat serta pembiasaan di dalam kelas seperti di lakukan pembekalan oleh wali kelas setiap minggunya dan pemanfaatan teknologi digital, Dari strategi komunikasi efektif tersebut pembentukan karakter siswa terlihat dari, meningkatnya minat belajar siswa.
The A.I. generated images in Indonesia's 2024 presidential election
Authors: Darmawan Andreas James , Utomo Samuel Rihi Hadi , Yoo Minhyuk , Gea Lina Kurniawati
Published: February 2025

National elections are the most important event in the democratic life of Indonesian. The 2024 national election will determine the future of the political and social path. Along with this, artificial intelligence (A.I.) technology has been able to create attractive images, this phenomenon has also entered the democratic party for the President and Vice President election of Indonesia in 2024. This research investigates the attractiveness of images, which are created by artificial intelligence (A.I.) to one of candidates for President and Vice President of Indonesia period 2024 - 2029. This research focuses on how branding practices work through political advertising by using artificial intelligence (A.I.) to create images that influence public perception and opinion; about candidates and political parties using visual and comparative analysis techniques. The method in this research uses descriptive qualitative; by analyzing literary sources, interviewing potential voters, and processing them within the scope of scientific studies of visual communication design. The research results show that images created by artificial intelligence (A.I.) have a strong visual appeal, thereby influencing potential voters in determining a particular candidate or political party. The research is expected to provide new insight into the role of visualization using artificial intelligence (A.I.) technology to attract sympathy politely and ethically, create a beautiful image, and influence the formation of public opinion in determining choices.
Papercraft sebagai metode pembelajaran daya bayang ruang pada mahasiswa dengan menggunakan software blender
Authors: Maximillian Arnold , Jonatan Lisa Levina Krisanti , Nurrachman Muhammad Irfan
Published: February 2025

Papercraft merupakan seni kerajinan tangan berbahan dasar kertas yang dilakukan dengan cara menggunting, melipat, dan menempel. Jenis kerajinan ini dianggap mampu meningkatkan kemampuan motorik dan melatih pemahaman bangun ruang tiga dimensi. Hal ini berkesinambungan dengan kondisi mahasiswa yang memiliki kesulitan untuk dapat memahami daya bayang bangun ruang tiga dimensi. Peneliti melihat adanya potensi dari skillset papercraft yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai inovasi pada metode pembelajaran untuk dapat memenuhi kekurangan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan daya bayang mahasiswa dan proses perubahan gambar datar menjadi model digital, serta merealisasikannya ke dalam wujud fisik tiga dimensi dengan menggunakan metode papercraft. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif desktriptif untuk menjabarkan hasil eksplorasi tugas perkuliahan mahasiswa mengenai proses transformasi gambar dua dimensi menjadi bangun ruang tiga dimensi yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan software Blender. Hasil transformasi ini akan menghasilkan bentuk bangun ruang tiga dimensi berdasarkan acuan studi image awal. Dari penelitian ini dapat diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat metode pembelajaran alternatif yang dapat diaplikasikan pada materi perkuliahan untuk dapat melatih kemampuan daya bayang ruang mahasiswa.

 
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Guru Terbaik SDN Curug 04 Menggunakan Metode AHP
Authors: Kurniawan Ferdi , Rahmah Dewi Leyla , Apriyani Dwi Dani
Published: February 2025

Peran guru dalam proses pendidikan sangatlah penting, hal ini merupakan faktor utama dalam terciptanya generasi penerus bangsa yang berkualitas. Oleh karena itu peran dan kemampuan para pendidik sangat penting dalam mengubah karakter generasi penerus bangsa untuk menjadi generasi yang maju. Jadi dengan membuat sistem pemilihan guru terbaik ini bisa membantu pemilihan guru di SDN Curug 04, dengan menggunakan metode AHP. Sistem ini dirancang untuk membantu sekolah dalam menilai guru-guru yang ada di sekolah SDN Curug 04. Metode AHP digunakan karena metode AHP mempunyai kemampuan untuk memecahkan masalah yang multi objektif dan multikriteria yang berdasarkan pada perbandingan preferensi dari setiap elemen dalam hirarki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pendukung keputusan mempunyai akurasi yang tinggi dalam pemilihan guru ini, sehingga dapat mengurangi penilaian yang sudah ditentukan. Berdasarkan perhitungan diatas dapat diperoleh hasil prioritas bagi pemilih guru terbaik pada SDN Curug 04 yaitu, guru Nurbaiti, S. Pd memperoleh 0,456 atau 45,6%, guru Dwi Puspitarini, S. Pd memperoleh 0,376 atau 37,6%, guru Yulianingsih, S. Pd memperoleh 0,362 atau 36,2%.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Murid Teladan Berbasis Java Metode SAW
Authors: Lubis Simon , Ahmadi Ahmadi
Published: February 2025

Sekolah sering menghadapi tantangan dalam menentukan siswa terbaik dengan cara yang efisien dan akurat. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, peneliti mengembangkan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) berbasis desktop menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dan bahasa pemrograman Java. Metode SAW dipilih karena kemampuannya dalam memproses data dengan akurat dan melakukan perhitungan yang lebih mudah dibanding metode lain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini mampu memberikan solusi terbaik bagi sekolah dalam pemilihan siswa teladan, dengan meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi proses seleksi
ESCALA DE DESAFIOS DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Corrêa Jonathan Saidelles , Lopes Luis Felipe Dias , de Almeida Damiana Machado , Camargo Maria Emilia
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo tem como propósito identificar quais são os desafios dos profissionais de segurança pública no Brasil e compreender como esses desafios se relacionam entre si. Para isso, optou-se por construir uma escala psicométrica capaz de mensurar esses desafios, tendo sido empregada uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, do tipo survey. A amostra final foi constituída por 1.292 integrantes, vinculados à Polícia Militar, à Polícia Civil e à Polícia Penal. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados permitem identificar os desafios dos profissionais de segurança pública, os quais apresentaram índices psicométricos adequados. Por fim, conclui-se que melhorias em infraestrutura, equipamentos, treinamentos e outros aspectos institucionais tendem a diminuir os desafios institucionais e, consequentemente, também diminuem-se os desafios de saúde, os desafios profissionais e os desafios sociais dos profissionais de segurança pública.
PLANO DE DEFESA CONTRA ATAQUES DO NOVO CANGAÇO
Authors: Valdez Martins da Silva Filho Flávio , Medeiros Nelson Aline Virgínia , Pires Costa Maria Teresa
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho é expor o processo de construção de um plano de defesa por meio do uso da ferramenta de Design Sprint, por um Batalhão da Polícia Militar do Rio Grande do Norte, localizado no interior potiguar, como instrumento de inovação em gestão para o enfrentamento de ataques a instituições financeiras em municípios do interior por organizações criminosas especializadas, conhecidas como Novo Cangaço. Para isso, a metodologia utilizada foi empírica, qualitativa, em que se fez uso do método do Design Science Research, no período de maio 2019 a junho de 2020, em que foram utilizados, como instrumentos de coleta de dados, entrevista, grupo focal e aplicação de questionários. Nos resultados, propõe-se um framework orientador das expectativas de atuação de instituições vinculadas ao plano de defesa, tanto em ações preventivas, quanto durante e após a realização dos crimes.
A “PIRATARIA FLUVIAL” NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Braga Arthur do Rosário , Pantoja Silva Emmanuelle , Chagas Clay Anderson , Almeida Silvia dos Santos de
Published: February 2025

Objetiva-se caracterizar os crimes de roubo a bordo de embarcação, de residências e estabelecimentos comerciais ribeirinhos (“pirataria”), ocorridos no período de janeiro de 2017 a outubro de 2021, no estado do Pará. Optou-se por uma pesquisa documental, a partir de dados fornecidos pelos órgãos responsáveis, os quais são analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, em que se consideram os crimes de roubo praticados em embarcações, estabelecimentos ou residências ribeirinhas. São analisados 689 boletins de ocorrência de crimes praticados em embarcações, estabelecimentos ou residências ribeirinhas, de 2017 a 2021. Os resultados mostram que 92,30% dos crimes ocorreram em embarcações; 6,39% foram em residências e 1,31% aconteceram em estabelecimentos ribeirinhos, sendo que apenas 7% de inquéritos foram investigados pela polícia civil. Sugere-se a criação de um boletim de ocorrência voltado para a realidade fluvial, constando variáveis capazes de definir melhor o local do crime, imagens de residências, estabelecimentos comerciais ribeirinhos, tipo de carga roubadas mais comuns nas embarcações e outros.
“MY ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE BELARUSIAN MOVEMENT HAS NOT CHANGED”: THE PERSONAL BIOGRAPHY OF ANDREI BOROVSKY
Authors: Barinov Igor
Published: February 2025

The article examines the biography of Andrei Aleksandrovich Borovsky, a Russian revolutionary who became a prominent figure in the Belarusian national movement and head of the Belarusian diplomatic mission in Berlin. Due to various circumstances, only fragmentary information about him and his life was available, not allowing to create an adequate picture of his life and activities. Thus, the reassembled biography of Borovsky provides a broader reflection on the socio-political changes in the late Russian Empire and during the revolutionary period. Using the example of Borovsky’s personality, one can trace the transit from Russian imperial to Belarusian national identity, conditioned by a number of subjective and objective factors and a general characterisation of the described period in Russian history. The article is based on previously unknown archival sources.
The Time Symmetry in Special Relativity Is Broken?
Authors: Wu Linyi
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a fundamental revision of the theoretical framework of special relativity by abandoning both the Lorentz transformations and the concept of time dilation. By critically analyzing symmetry issues in relativistic effects, this study argues that time is a universally invariant quantity, remaining unaffected by the relative motion between reference frames. By re-evaluating the core principles of relativity, the study rederives the mass-energy equivalence formula without invoking time dilation or Lorentz transformations. This novel approach resolves long-standing paradoxes in relativity, such as the twin paradox, and opens new possibilities for theoretical and experimental research in fundamental physics.
How accurate are high resolution settlement maps at predicting population counts in data scarce settings?
Authors: Darin Edith , Leasure Douglas R. , Kashyap Ridhi
Published: February 2025

Despite the recent milestone of the world population surpassing 8 billion, disparities in population data reliability persist, with many countries facing outdated or incomplete census data. Such inaccuracies have far-reaching implications for various sectors, including public health, urban planning, and resource allocation. The study capitalizes on the rich data environment provided by the detailed 2018 Colombian census data and census coverage indicators, offering a unique opportunity to assess census-independent population estimation approaches. Drawing from a diverse range of environmental landscapes in Colombia, the research evaluates the effectiveness of satellite imagery-derived settlement maps in conjunction with various modeling techniques. We explore two census-independent population estimation approaches based on settlement maps: pure data driven machine learning approach exemplified by a random forest model and a process-structure driven probabilistic approach exemplified by a hierarchical Bayesian model. Our findings underscore the efficacy of Bayesian modeling in addressing data scarcity and bias, providing robust estimates and quantifying model uncertainty. Nonetheless the random forest model is better suited when the data inputs are detailed and unbiased. Additionally, we highlight the importance of considering settlement map characteristics and population sample sizes in the modeling process. Through rigorous evaluation at different stages of the population modeling pipeline, including data input, model selection, and outcome assessment, this study offers insights into the requirements and challenges of leveraging satellite imagery-derived settlement maps for population estimation in data-scarce contexts.
Does love in the ivory tower fix the leaky pipeline? How academia’s homogamous relationships shape careers
Authors: Velicu Antonia , Fauvelais Manon , Jerke Julia , Lemaitre Bruno , Rauhut Heiko
Published: February 2025

The persistent “leaky pipeline”, i.e. women remaining underrepresented in advanced academic roles, often links to the adverse impact of parenthood on women’s careers compared to men’s. This study delves into how the struggle to balance academic success and family life might be pushing female scientists out of academia, and how the less-studied concept of homogamy - here, the forming of heterosexual relationships between individuals with the same profession - influences academic careers. Drawing on data from the 2021 “Academic career, partnership, and family” survey by swissuniversities, this research pursues two objectives: assessing whether homogamous partnerships help mitigating career challenges faced by mothers, and investigating the broader impact of homogamy on academic careers and work-life balance. The findings show that homogamy is common among Swiss scientists. Homogamous women, especially when their partner works in the same institution, perceive parenthood as posing fewer career obstacles. Conversely, male scientists in such relationships state the opposite. Additionally, homogamous couples report benefiting from stimulating discussions and partner support while encountering greater mobility constraints. This research offers insights into how homogamy affects academic careers, providing a nuanced understanding of how academics navigate their pursuit of successful careers alongside personal lives.
Molecular, Cultural and Pathogenic Characterization of Neopestalotiopsis rosae from Strawberry in Mexico
Authors: uriel Acosta González , García-García Gabriela , Silva-rojas Hilda V. , Peres Natalia A. , Marin Marcus Vinicius , Suguinoshita Rebello Carolina Tiemi , Fuentes-Aragón Dionicio , Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo , Rebollar-Alviter Angel
Published: February 2025

Leaf spot and crown rot caused by Neopestalotiopsis spp. are relevant emerging diseases of strawberries worldwide. This study aimed to: i) identify and characterize isolates of Neopestalotiopsis spp. recovered from different strawberry plant organs; ii) determine the pathogenic variation of those isolates; and iii) determine the response of 13 strawberry varieties against N. rosae. Four hundred ninety-eight isolates were obtained from leaves, roots and crowns of strawberry in central Mexico from 2020 to 2021. A subsample of 160 isolates was selected for characterization using a previously developed High-Resolution Melting (HRM) assay. The incubation period (IC) and the time to reach 100% leaf severity (LS) on a strawberry variety was recorded. Twenty-six isolates were further identified by multilocus phylogenetic analysis (MLPA) based on ITS, tef1 and β-tubulin tub2 partial genes along with morphological characterization. The response of 13 varieties to detached leaflet inoculation was assessed. Aggressive isolates (11%) had a 12-h IC and reached 100% severity between 6-7 days after inoculation, whereas moderately aggressive isolates (57%) had a 24-h IC lasting 8-10 d, and low-aggressive isolates (32%) with IC longer than 48 h took 11-14 d. HRM results showed 159 of 160 isolates were N. rosae and one Neopestalotiopsis sp. MLPA reveled 22 of the isolates of N. rosae, 1 Neopestalotiospsis spp., 1 Pestalotiopsis sp., and 2 related to N. iranensis. Marisol was the least susceptible whereas Fortuna Albion, Festival and Fronteras were the most susceptible. These findings will aid in developing effective management strategies and contribute to breeding resistant varieties.
中国古代建筑模数－华严寺上寺大雄宝殿 Ancient Chinese Architectural Modulus - Daxiong Baodian (Main Hall) of Shangsi (Upper Temple) in Huayan Temple
Authors: xiaoggang Xu
Published: February 2025

摘要：大雄宝殿营造尺为296.3毫米。使用了大小尺制度，每尺为10寸，合12小寸。基本模数为1尺。0.4小寸是分模数，是基本模数的30分之1，以此度量各类部件，如斗、栱、等。4小寸和6小寸（半尺）也是分模数，用于间广等参数的划分。以柱底计通面阔为18丈，通进深9丈2尺5寸。以柱头计通面阔17丈9尺，通进深9丈1尺。殿通高940寸，其中殿基高175寸，标准柱高240寸，铺作高75寸，不计扶脊木屋举258寸。南北套兽头距2060寸，东西套兽头距1180寸。正脊以大木作计为880寸。Abstract: The construction ruler(Yingzao chi) used for the Daxiong Baodian (Main Hall) is 296.3 millimeters.It conforms to the long and short ruler system since the Tang and Song dynasties. Each ruler (1 chi) is 10 cun , and each chi is divided into 12 small cun.The basic module is 1 chi. 0.4 small cun is the sub-module, which is 1/30 of the basic module. This is used to measure various components, such as dou (brackets), gong (arch-like brackets), and fang (horizontal bars), etc.4 small cun and 6 small cun (half a chi) are also sub-modules, which are used for the division of parameters such as the width of the bay.Measured from the bottom of the columns, the Tong Mian Kuo is 18 zhang, and theTong Jin Shen is 9 zhang, 2 chi and 5 cun. Measured from the tops of the columns, Tong Mian Kuo is 17 zhang and 9 chi, and the Tong Jin Shen is 9 zhang and 1 chi.The overall height of the palace hall is 940 cun. Among them, the height of the palace foundation is 175 cun, the standard column height is 240 cun, the height of the Dougong (bracket set) is 75 cun, and the height of the roof structure excluding the ridge support wooden members is 258 cun. The distance between the north and south taotou (ornamental animal heads) is 2060 cun, and the distance between the east and west taotou is 1180 cun. Measured by the Damuzuo, the length of the main ridge is 880 cun.
Investigating the effect of experience sampling study design on careless and insufficient effort responding identified with a screen-time-based mixture model
Authors: Ulitzsch Esther , Viechtbauer Wolfgang , Lüdtke Oliver , Myin-Germeys Inez , Nagy Gabriel , Nestler Steffen , Eisele Gudrun
Published: February 2025

When using the experience sampling method (ESM), researchers must navigate a delicate balance between obtaining fine-grained snapshots of phenomena of interest and avoiding undue respondent burden, which can lead to disengagement and compromise data quality. To guide that process, we investigated how questionnaire length and sampling frequency impact careless and insufficient effort responding (C/IER) as an important yet understudied aspect of ESM data quality. To this end, we made use of existing experimental ESM data (Eisele et al., 2022) from 163 students randomly assigned to one of two questionnaire lengths (30/60 items) and one of three sampling frequencies (3/6/9 assessments per day). In our post-registered analyses, we employed a novel mixture modeling approach (Ulitzsch et al., 2024) that leverages screen time data to disentangle attentive responding from C/IER and allows investigating how the occurrence of C/IER evolved within and across ESM study days. We further investigated the relationship between model-implied C/IER and other engagement measures, such as self-reported attentiveness, attention checks, and compliance. We found sampling frequency, but not questionnaire length to impact C/IER, with higher frequencies resulting in higher overall C/IER proportions and sharper increases of C/IER across, but not within days. These effects proved robust across various model specifications. Our findings contrast previous studies on non-compliance, suggesting that respondents may employ different strategies to lower the different types of burden imposed by questionnaire length and sampling frequency. Implications for designing ESM studies are discussed.
Psychological well-being factors and the likelihood of transitioning from overweight and obesity to normal weight at population level: Evidence from two cohort studies of UK adults
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi , Daly Michael , Robinson Eric
Published: February 2025

We examined the prospective associations between psychological well-being related factors (depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, self-efficacy) and transitioning from overweight and obesity to normal body weight) (vs. persistence of overweight and obesity) and change in body mass index (BMI). We used multiple baselines and follow-ups from the National Child and Development Study (NCDS) (8,513 observations) and the British Cohort Study (BCS) (11,113 observations). A proportion (8-9%) of participants with overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25) at baseline transitioned into normal weight (BMI 18.5 - < 25) by follow-ups. There was no evidence of better psychological well-being related factors (e.g., lower depressive symptoms) associated with a transition from overweight and obesity to normal weight or reduced BMI in each cohort and pooled cohort analyses. However, age and gender were associated with the transition. Therefore, better psychological well-being may not be associated with likelihood of weight loss once obesity is developed in adulthood.
Driven by hormones? An investigation of the joint influence of testosterone and cortisol on risk taking, aggression and sensation seeking in adolescents with and without ADHD
Authors: Dekkers Tycho , Popma Arne , Bosch Jos , Zadelaar Jacqueline , Huizenga Hilde M.
Published: February 2025

According to the dual-hormone hypothesis, the influence of testosterone on status-relevant behaviors is larger when cortisol levels are low. Empirical evidence for this theory is mixed, and studies in clinical populations are virtually non-existent. One group of interest are adolescents with ADHD, as these adolescents engage more often in status-relevant behaviors like risk taking, aggression and sensation seeking. In the current investigation, we therefore tested if testosterone and cortisol, and their interaction, mediate the association between ADHD and risk taking, aggression, and sensation seeking. Adolescents with (N=80) and without (N=100) ADHD (Mage=15.1 years) performed an experimental risk-taking task and completed self-report measures of aggression and sensation seeking. The results showed that (1) the groups did not differ on testosterone or cortisol, whereas evidence for a group difference in testosterone × cortisol was limited to one of the mediation models; (2) the groups did not differ on measures of risk taking, aggression and sensation seeking; (3) cortisol and testosterone × cortisol did not predict any of the outcome measures, and testosterone was associated with sensation seeking. Accordingly, analyses found no evidence of endocrine mediation between ADHD status and status-relevant behaviors. The current study was the first to test the dual-hormone hypothesis in adolescents with ADHD. The findings suggest that in this group testosterone, cortisol, nor their interaction were related to the higher propensity towards status-relevant behaviors.
Imagining Symbiosis: A Critique of Human-Animal Dichotomy in E.B. White's Charlotte's Web
Authors: Joshi Bhup Raj
Published: February 2025

This research work explores the relationship between human beings and animals with the ecocritical lens. It finds a symbiotic relationship between the two species that leads the work to critiquing pervasive speciesism in human. This research draws on critical and theoretical insights from Emmanuel Levinas’s (1995) ethical perspectives on interest, Derrida’s (2008) concept of relative existence, as well as issues of ecological-environmental justice and other philosophical, ethical, and biological viewpoints from the critics. These considerations are central to critiquing the human-nonhuman animal dichotomy and highlighting a state of symbiosis.The human and nonhuman beings appear in the contesting relation in the culture leading to the state of negation, exploitation, consumption and extinction. From wild to tamed, aquatic to terrestrial, small to the big, powerful to the powerless all nonhuman animals have to live defensive lives and humans behave in offensive way against them. The discourse that human is endowed with prerogatives over the nonhumans is self-created. Thus, the rivalry between human and animal is a suicidal contest between culture and nature. This research work focuses on understanding the original relationship between humans and nonhuman beings. It examines how humans perceive and interact with animals. It also explores the reasons behind human attitudes toward animals. Additionally, it highlights how animals shape human identity and existence. Finally, it emphasizes the need to establish a symbiotic bond between humans and nonhuman beings for sustainable coexistence. Human-animal relationship is shown through the study of the primary text, Charlotte's Web (1952).
Behavioral Assessment and Support Strategies for Special Education Classrooms
Authors: Khanal Ganesh Prasad , Timilsena Narayan Prasad
Published: February 2025

This qualitative research explores the implementation and outcomes of Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) and Positive Behavior Support (PBS) in special education settings, focusing on Nepal's context. It employs the qualitative methodology based on interpretative phenomenology. Six special education teachers were purposively selected from the Makawanpur and Kathmandu districts of Bagmati Provence. The data were collected from the open-ended questionnaire. The views of participants were coded, categorized, and made themes. The thematic analysis of the study examines how diverse societies address the needs of students with special educational needs and the role of behavioural support initiatives in capacity building. The research highlights Nepal's early-stage practices integrating PBS principles from the USA, emphasizing learning reforms, vocational training, and practitioner development. The thematic analysis identifies patterns in reward systems, reinforcement strategies, and environmental modifications. Findings shed light on barriers to sustainability, such as resource limitations and policy constraints, offering insights to inform future strategies for special needs education in Nepal.
Effectiveness of Educational Intervention on Knowledge about Autism Spectrum Disorder among Primary School Teachers
Authors: Bhurtel Bimala , Gurung Bishnu , Sharma Sharada
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Teacher’s knowledge on Autism Spectrum Disorder can play a key role in early identification of child with autism. This study aimed to find out the effectiveness of educational intervention on knowledge about autism spectrum disorder among primary school teachers.
Methods: A pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest research design was used among 131 primary school teachers from selected private school of Pokhara Metropolitan City by using probability multistage random sampling technique. Validated pretested structured self-administered questionnaire was administered before and after educational intervention and collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Paired t- test and chi square test) in SPSS Version 16 for window.
Results: The findings of the study revealed that before educational intervention 60.8 percent teachers had inadequate knowledge level and 39.7 percent had moderate level of knowledge about autism spectrum disorders. Following the educational intervention knowledge level was increased where 79.4 percent had adequate knowledge and 20.6 percent had moderate level of knowledge about autism spectrum disorder. The mean knowledge scores before and after intervention were 19.48±3.837 and 32.83±2.96 respectively. Alternative hypothesis was accepted as the knowledge of teachers was significantly increased after the intervention.
Conclusions: The study concludes that knowledge of teachers has increased after intervention hence educational intervention on autism spectrum disorder is effective. Therefore, it is advised to school’s authority to place greater focus on education initiatives in order to raise the level of understanding regarding autism spectrum disorder among teachers.
Knowledge on Preconception Care among Bachelor Level Students in a Public Campus of Janakpurdham Sub-Metropolitan City
Authors: Gupta Sunita , Thapaliya Rekha , Pandey Bista Archana
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Preconception care entails provision of biomedical, behavioral, and social health interventions to women and couples prior to conception aiming to foster a healthy pregnancy and favorable outcomes. The objective of the study was to find out knowledge on preconception care among bachelor level students in a selected public campus of Janakpurdham Sub-Metropolitan City.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Proportionate stratified random sampling method was used to select 209 students studying in different streams of Ram Swaroop Ram Sagar Multiple Campus, Janakpurdham. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution, percentage, means, and standard deviation) to represent the facts and figures and inferential statistics (Chi square test and Fisher’s exact test) to examine the association between the level of knowledge on preconception care and selected variables.
Results: The findings of this study revealed that 81.8% of the respondents had inadequate knowledge, 17.7% had moderately adequate and only 0.5% had an adequate level of knowledge on preconception care. There was statistically significant association between the level of knowledge on preconception care and age (p=0.009), sex (p=0.001), educational Stream (p=0.000), genetic problems (p=0.049), and medical problems (p=0.003).
Conclusions: It is concluded that most of the students have inadequate knowledge regarding preconception care. Therefore, health education programme and awareness campaigns need to be organized to promote knowledge on preconception care.
Nursing Students’ Perception of Learning Environment in different Colleges of Pokhara
Authors: Gharti Kamala , Gurung Gaura , Maharjan Neelam , Kunwar Ranjan
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The learning environment of nursing campuses is a significant factor in determining the success of nursing students' in achieving academic excellence and qualities of nursing care delivery. This study was aimed to assess the nursing students' perception of learning environment in different nursing colleges.
Methods: The cross sectional institutional based study was carried out among bachelor level nursing students of selected nursing colleges of Pokhara from Jan 01 to 23/2022. The purposive sampling technique was used. The data was collected through a structured validated tool Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) inventory. Descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, SD) and inferential statistics one-way (ANOVA) at the level of 0.05% was used to find out the difference in the score of the perception of learning environment and subscales of DREEM across the selected demographic variables.
Results: This study found that 85.4 % nursing students perceived their learning environment more positive than negative and only (1.5%) students' perceived excellent learning environment in their college. The significant differences was found between the years of enrolment for the overall perception of the learning environment and the five subscales of learning environment (p<0.05) respectively. The multiple linear regressions revealed no statistically significant difference between specific factors and students' perception on their learning environment (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The nursing students' perception on their learning environment was more positive than negative. Even though no significant differences were detected for specific factors in their learning environment, it might be affected by other factors. So to make learning environment of nursing colleges more attractive and excellent close intrusion, monitoring and evaluation of others factors are needed.
Expatriation of Nepalese Doctors: Is it an Alarming Issue?
Authors: Dhungana Sahadeb Prasad
Published: February 2025

Nepal, a country nestled in the lap of the Himalayas, is grappling with a troubling phenomenon—the increasing expatriation of its medical doctors. This trend, while not unique to Nepal, raises significant concerns about the situation of the nation’s healthcare system and its ability to provide equitable services to its citizens. Is this migration merely a symptom of global mobility, or is it an alarming issue demanding immediate attention?
Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Stabilized by Mini-Open Double Endo-Button and Fiber Wire System
Authors: Jha Ranjib Kumar , Thapa Santosh , Rajthala Asish
Published: February 2025

Background: There are different surgical treatment options for acromioclavicular joint dislocation which can be done by open, mini-open or arthroscopically. We aimed to evaluate mini-open double endo-button and fiber wire for stabilization of Rockwood type III, IV and V acromioclavicular joint dislocation.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective clinical cohort study performed between April 2021 to March 2023. All  cases were treated by mini-open double endo-button and fiber wire. Age, sex, injury mechanism, side of injury, time before surgery, duration of hospital stay, constant score, disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (DASH), visual analogue scale (VAS), coracoclavicular distance and complications were recorded during follow up.
Results: Out of 25 cases, 20(80%) were male and 5(20%) were female. The mean age of patients was 33.64±9.83. The mean DASH and constant score were 1.58±1.03  and 93.84±3.15 respectively. There was significant decrease in VAS score. There was no significant difference in coracoclavicular distance between injured and contralateral side. Three cases had residual subluxation.
Conclusion: The mini-open double endo-button and fiber wire technique of fixation is excellent method for dislocated acromoiclavicular joint without any soft tissue dissection around coracoclavicular ligaments.
Comparision of Efficacy of Esmolol and Lignocaine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Stress Response to Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Shah Parasmani , Bhattarai Rupak , Poudel Bandana , Dev Rajeev , Sarraf Supriya , Khadka Nisha
Published: February 2025

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation results in intense sympathoadrenal response characterized by hypertension, tachycardia and arrhythmia. There are many pharmacological and non-pharmacological method are being employed to attenuate the response. The aim of our study is to compare the efficacy of intravenous bolus dose of esmolol with lignocaine in attenuating the hemodyanamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.
Materials and Methods: The study is prospective comparative study. One hundred six patients of both sex, aged 18-65 years, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical Status I and II randomly allocated into two groups (n = 53). The study drugs diluted in 10‑ml normal saline. Group I received esmolol 1.5 mg/kg and Group II received lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg 2 min before laryngoscopy and intubation. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were noted at basal, during intubation, and 1, 2, 3, and 5 min after intubation. Data were represented by mean standard deviation and graphs. Students T-test was used to compare mean between groups.
Results: The mean pulse rate, mean of mean arterial pressure at intubation and at 1, 2, 3, and 5 min after intubation in lignocaine group showed a significant rise in these values but in esmolol group it remained nearer to or less than baseline values.
Conclusion: Esmolol 1.5 mg/kg is effective in attenuating the pressor response in comparison with lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg during laryngoscopy and intubation.
Abdominal Sacro-Colpopexy Surgery for Vaginal Vault Prolapse at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Yadav Munjal , Baral Gehanath
Published: February 2025

Background: Post-hysterectomy Vault prolapse is an uncommon late complication of hysterectomy. Women often experience restrictions in physical, emotional, and social functioning which decreases the overall quality of life. Vaginal vault prolapse can be treated by pelvic floor muscle training, pessary insertion, and surgery. Abdominal sacro-colpopexy is a procedure that surgically corrects vault prolapse using Prolene mesh to lift and hold the vaginal vault in the correct anatomical position. The study aimed to determine the success rate and complications of Abdominal sacro-colpopexy when performed by an experienced surgeon.
Materials and Methods: Observational descriptive study performed from June 2022 to December 2023 for 18 months at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. All consecutive cases of vault prolapse surgeries were taken. Outcome measures were success rate and the potential complications post-operatively. 
Results: The post-hysterectomy vault prolapse surgery was around 1% out of all gynecological surgeries. Most of them were asymptomatic in a median follow-up of 6 months. There were no complications of surgery. Almost all patients resolved their prolapse symptoms well, while none required further surgery.
Conclusion: Abdominal sacro-colpopexy is a safe and effective surgical method for post-hysterectomy vault prolapse.
An Observational Study of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients Presenting with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bhattarai Nishan , Koju Rajendra , Pathak Surya Raj , Humagain Sanjaya , K.C. Pukar , Yadav Bikram , Pathak Sujan , Sapkota Kritendra
Published: February 2025

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography is a valuable tool for identifying stroke causes, particularly left atrial clots and cardiac abnormalities undetectable by other methods. However, studies on transesophageal echocardiography in resource-limited settings like Nepal are limited. This study aims to examine the demographics, clinical features, and transesophageal echocardiography findings of ischemic stroke patients.
Materials and Methods: An observational study was done in patients with ischemic stroke undergoing transesophageal echocardiography in a tertiary care center from April 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023. All the patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography were included in the study after getting the ethical approval from the institutional review board with IRC-KUSMS Approval No. 54/24. Total population sampling was done. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 57.35±12.36 years. Smoking was seen in 40 (66.67%), hypertension in 37 (61.67%), dyslipidemia in 31 (51.67%), and diabetes mellitus in 30 (50.00%). Other risk factors included contraceptive use in 14 (23.30%) and rheumatic heart disease in 5 (8.30%). Left atrial clots were observed in 9 (15.00%), while left atrial (LA) enlargement (≥40 mm) was found in 57 (95.00%). The study shows that TEE is superior to detecting left atrial clots those missed by Transesophageal echocardiography. Among these, 7 males had a left atrial size <41 mm, and 1 female had a left atrial size <39 mm. There is also significant difference in left atrial size between the different age groups (p=0.001) with older age groups having larger Left Atrial size. Additionally, atrial septal defect was found in 3 (5.00%), patent foramen ovale in 1 (1.67%), and valvular heart disease in 18 (30.00%).
Conclusion: Transesophageal echocardiography detected crucial cardiac abnormalities in ischemic stroke patients, including left atrial thrombi and valvular dysfunction in our study.
The Relationship between Athletes’ Oral Health and Overall well-being
Authors: Oral Onur
Published: February 2025

Background:

This review article aims to emphasize the importance of oral and dental health, which is often overlooked but an indispensable element of overall health, and the striking effect of oral health on athletic performance, which has emerged in recent research in the field of sports medicine and dentistry.

Materials and Methods:

In the search for scientific literature for this review, data from the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), MEDLINE, and SportDiscus were used, and the terms ‘’ oral health’’, sports injuries’’, ‘’ sportive performance’’, ‘’ dental health’’. “athletes’ health’’ were used. The relevant literature has also taken its source from the research of relevant articles from reference lists derived from data searches

Results:

It is widely acknowledged that optimal oral health plays an important role in overall well-being. It is also recognized that athletes face unique challenges due to the demands of intense training programs. It is worth noting that maintaining good oral and dental health has implications that extend beyond a bright smile. There is growing evidence that it can also have a significant impact on an individual's physical performance and overall health. It is worth noting that athletes may be particularly vulnerable to a range of oral health concerns that could potentially impact their performance and overall well-being.

Conclusion:

Athletes may sometimes experience common oral health issues such as tooth decay and periodontal diseases, which could be due to several factors. These may include an increased intake of sugar from sports drinks, dehydration during training which can lead to dry mouth, and potential trauma from contact sports. It is worth noting that these issues can have a significant impact on an athlete’s performance, beyond mere discomfort. They can affect nutrition intake, sleep quality, and even systemic inflammation levels.
Green transition: the case of Turkey and Central Asian countries
Authors: QULIYEV Maqsud
Published: February 2025

Green transition is the most pressing issue in the modern world and demands colla­borative action at the global level. In this context, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan adop­ted a green agenda to achieve clean electricity produc­tion by 2030. Azer­baijan even hosted the worldʼs largest conference on climate change in November 2024. The relevance of the work is a hotly debated issue both globally and within these countries. The study tests the hypothesis that most people are climate responsible and aware. The result showed that people share responsibility for the climate. In addition, the survey questions (100 participants for each country) concerned the root cause of climate change, green energy engineers/experts, and the substitution of the oil and gas sector for rene­wable energy sources. Concerning green experts, respon­dents believe that in the future, there will be enough of them. In Turkey, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, respondents consider industry/ business the main cause of climate change, while in Uzbekistan, they chose the "people" option. Can renewable energy sources replace the oil and gas sector? Respon­dents from Turkey (70%) and Kazakh­stan (80%) answered "yes". In Azerbaijan, 39% of respondents said "no", 38% – "yes", while in Uzbekistan 80% of participants answered "donʼt know". Additio­nally, the Pearson correlation and linear regres­sion methods were also used to identify the relationship between electricity production and population growth. Population growth contributes to an increase in electricity production by 9.98 units in Turkey, 6.98 in Azerbaijan, 13.62 in Kazakhstan, and 3.03 units in Uzbekistan