bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond the “Conceptual Nervous System”: Can Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Transform Learning Theory?
Authors: Soto Fabian
Published: July 2019

In the last century, learning theory has been dominated by an approach assuming that associations between hypothetical representational nodes can support the acquisition of knowledge about the environment. The similarities between this approach and connectionism did not go unnoticed to learning theorists, with many of them explicitly adopting a neural network approach in the modeling of learning phenomena. Skinner famously criticized such use of hypothetical neural structures for the explanation of behavior (the “Conceptual Nervous System”), and one aspect of his criticism has proven to be correct: theory underdetermination is a pervasive problem in cognitive modeling in general, and in associationist and connectionist models in particular. That is, models implementing two very different cognitive processes often make the exact same behavioral predictions, meaning that important theoretical questions posed by contrasting the two models remain unanswered. We show through several examples that theory underdetermination is common in the learning theory literature, affecting the solvability of some of the most important theoretical problems that have been posed in the last decades. Computational cognitive neuroscience (CCN) offers a solution to this problem, by including neurobiological constraints in computational models of behavior and cognition. Rather than simply being inspired by neural computation, CCN models are built to reflect as much as possible about the actual neural structures thought to underlie a particular behavior. They go beyond the “Conceptual Nervous System” and offer a true integration of behavioral and neural levels of analysis.
The transition to fatherhood and the health of men
Authors: Torche Florencia , Rauf Tamkinat
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study examines the impact of fatherhood on diverse health behaviors and outcomes among a representative sample of Millennial men in the Unites States.Background: Much research explores the consequences of parenthood for women, but we know less about health outcomes and trajectories of men who become fathers. Theoretical approaches suggest both health-enhancing changes driven by social control and a new father identity, and health-decreasing changes driven by the costs and burdens of fatherhood.Method: The NLSY97 longitudinal survey and a battery of novel fixed effects models are used to identify the consequences of paternity on diverse health outcomes, controlling for selectivity based on unobserved characteristics and unobserved trajectories of men who become fathers and accounting for heterogeneity of effects.Results: Becoming a father induces weight gain and a decline in self-reported health, but reduces alcohol consumption. Effects on weight and alcohol use varied across strata defined by race and education, but changes in self-reported health were consistent across sub-groups.Conclusion: The transition to fatherhood induces changes in health outcomes and behaviors that are both positive and negative. These consequences are not transitory. Rather, they persist over men’s early adulthood.Implications: Fatherhood induces health-related changes that endure over the first years after becoming a father, and which may contribute to morbidity and mortality in late adulthood.
RECURSO SOLAR NO PORTO DE SANTOS
Authors: SOARES THAIANE GAMBARRA , Martins Fernando Ramos
Published: July 2019

A sustentabilidade energética busca o uso da energia para satisfazer as necessidades atuais sem comprometer as demandas por eletricidade e energia como um todo. As fontes renováveis de energia são a resposta para o desenvolvimento sustentável, para a preservação da biodiversidade e dos ecossistemas mundiais. O Porto de Santos é atualmente o maior porto brasileiro, devido à sua expansão e contínuo crescimento, é necessário um planejamento adequado para o suprimento de sua demanda energética. O objetivo foi avaliar o potencial de irradiação solar na área do Porto de Santos, a fim de estimar a produtividade energética de forma alternativa, renovável e livre de emissões de CO2 através da implantação de painéis fotovoltáicos. Mais especificamente, o objetivo foi estimar a irradiação solar incidente na área portuária utilizando dados observados em estações metereológicas e fornecidos por modelos numéricos computacionais. Em um segundo momento, realizou-se um estudo de caso do terminal portuário da empresa Citrosuco, no qual obtivemos uma estimativa da potência nominal instalada e da geração de energia elétrica mensal através de uma possível instalação de painéis fotovoltáicos nas dependências deste terminal. Os valores estimados de irradiação global horizontal pelo modelo BRASIL-SR foram menores que os valores medidos pela estação automática de Moela, principalmente durante os meses de maior irradiação incidente, o que demonstra uma necessidade de aquisição de dados locais para obter valores mais precisos. A análise do telhado dos armazéns do Terminal da Citrosuco na zona portuária de Santos, permitiu a delimitação de 13.226 m2 de área para instalação de um sistema fotovoltáico com potência nominal instalada de 1.984 kWp, produzindo uma energia anual de 2.346.384 kWh.
Unity in the eye of the beholder? Reasons for decision in theory and practice in the Ontario Works program
Authors: Raso Jennifer
Published: July 2019

This article interrogates reasons for decision, a central concept in Canadian public law scholarship. Using spatiotemporal scale as an analytical tool, it shows how unified reasons may be more easily recognized at the scale of judicially reviewable administrative decisions common to public law scholarship, yet elusive at the scale of front-line decision making. It then investigates how a variety of mechanisms, including data entries and notes, function together behind the front lines of social assistance agencies in the province of Ontario. Drawing on qualitative research into caseworkers’ decision-making practices, this article illustrates how the ‘reasons’ for a particular administrative decision may be multiplied and fractured across software programs, emails, and physical case files. Further, it demonstrates how notes are both more and less than reasons. As they perform three internal communicative tasks central to administrative governance – recording evidence, explaining decisions, and justifying potentially contentious outcomes to other administrative insiders – notes facilitate decision-making practices that ensure institutionally acceptable outcomes are reached, even as one note may not fully capture the logic underlying a particular decision. Ultimately, this article aims to motivate theoretically inclined legal scholars to reconsider the concept of reasons for decision in light of the decision-making practices of front-line administrators.
Improving the methodology for technical assessment of the linear part of main gas pipelines
Authors: Razboynikov Aleksandr A. , Barsukov Nikolay S.
Published: July 2019

Today evaluation of the technical assessment of the linear part of main gas pipeline is one of the most important tasks of pipeline operation. However, many assessment methodologies provide only a partial picture of the technical condition and don’t take into account the conditions for pipeline laying. This article discusses the improvement of methods for technical assessment of main gas pipelines.
Estimating the effect of seasonally-operating cooling devices during a safe stop of the oil pipeline
Authors: Yakupov Azamat U. , Cherentsov Dmitry A. , Voronin Konstantin S. , Zemenkov Yuri D.
Published: July 2019

Conducting thermal calculations of "hot" oil pipelines through which high-viscosity and high-sticking oils are transported is one of the main ones. Determining the rate of cooling of oil in a stopped pipeline is of practical importance. According to the cooling rate, the time to safely stop the "hot" pipeline is calculated. This is the time at which the "hot" oil pipeline doesn’t freeze and the station’s pressure is enough to overcome the shear stresses arising during the cooling f high-viscosity and high-sticking oil. Oil cooling in underground stopped pipelines depends on the temperature of the soil around it. Installed heat stabilizers designed to cool the soil can affect the cooling rate of the "hot" pipeline. We have carried out a numerical experiment using modern tools of mathematical modelling. The experiment showed that the installed soil heat stabilizers near the underground "hot" pipeline have an impact on the process of cooling oil. These stabilizers have reduced the time to safely stop the pipeline.
Developing geochemical criteria based on the research of Jurassic sediments to evaluate the productivity of intervals
Authors: Kobylinskiy Danil A. , Zavatsky Mikhail D. , Nesterov Ivan I. , Naumenko Vitaliya O. , Ponomarev Andrey A.
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of improving the substantiation of the diagnostics of production Jurassic and Neocomian reservoirs in the West Siberian basin. We have formed the complex of geochemical investigations of core material to solve this problem. It includes extraction of bitumen with its material composition detection, thermal desorption and analysis of retained hydrocarbons. Using the obtained data, we have carried out a comparative analysis of Jurassic sediment intervals in two wells within one field. We studied the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the hydrocarbon core fluid, determined the geochemical criteria of its mobility in reservoir conditions, namely the ratio of the naphthenic component to n-alkanes. Also, we carried out inter-well correlation of the relations of n-alkanes and isoprenoids, established the facies conditions of sedimentogenesis and oxidation-reduction conditions of the initial stage of organic matter fossilization. Based on the chromatograms of retained gases we determined the efficiency criteria of the interval such as benzene/n-hexane and toluene/n-heptane. Conclusions about the saturation of the studied intervals were confirmed by inspection test record. The results of the work showed that complex geochemical studies of the core can significantly increase the reliability of the diagnosis of the drilled sediments saturation.
A change in oil viscosity during field development influences the Muskat — Leverett model solutions
Authors: Bocharov Oleg B. , Telegin Igor G.
Published: July 2019

It has been repeatedly noted in the literature that the physic-chemical properties of oil extracted at different stages of exploitation can vary significantly. We have investigated a modification of the Buckley — Leverett model (BL model) in our previous works to study the influence of oil viscosity change on the solutions of twophase filtration problems. In this model the change in oil viscosity was modeled using the dependence of the viscosity ratio on dynamic water saturation. The solutions to the linear displacement problem at a given total filtration rate were analyzed. This article considers a modification of the two-phase isothermal Muskat — Leverett model (ML model), which takes into account capillary forces. The influence of oil viscosity change in the process of oil production on the structure of the solution is studied numerically a case study of the problem of radial displacement with a given pressure drop.
Experimental facility for the study gas-liquid flows and foams
Authors: Yushkov Anton Yu. , Ogai Vladislav A. , Portniagin Nikita E.
Published: July 2019

Currently, a large number of Cenomanian gas storages inWestern Siberiaare at the final stage of development. Gas production from such storage is accompanied by the accumulation of different types of liquid at the bottomhole. One of the methods of solving this problem is the introduction of a foaming agent into the well. To date, there are no computational models that allow us to predict with a high level of accuracy the pressure loss in the tubing of a gas well working with surfactant in the flow. The existing few computational models were created on the basis of bench studies under atmospheric conditions, and the results obtained by them have significant errors. For the study and modelling of gas-liquid flows with surfactant taking into account the influence of pressure, temperature, water-gas ratio and other key parameters, an "Experimental facility to simulate gas-liquid flow and dynamic processes in the tubing of a gas well" was developed and implemented.
Ofelia’s Interruption of Ophelia in Hamlet
Authors: Wagoner Michael M.
Published: July 2019

Using interruptions as a specific formal structure, this article explores the
varying characterisation of Ophelia/Ofelia in Hamlet. The textual differences
apparent in the ‘Nunnery’ scene present an Ophelia in Q2 that is interrupted by
Hamlet and possesses little power, whereas her Q1 counterpart actively engages
the prince and repeatedly interrupts him. These differences highlight not only a
change in characterisation but also a reconceptualisation of the status of the two
texts: Q2 presents a directed and writerly dramatic text, while Q1 offers an open
and performative theatrical one. By considering the repeated interruptions not
as corruptions in the text but as open and artful choices, Q1’s Ofelia becomes
a more equal and interesting character who asserts agency and defies Hamlet’s
misogynistic invective.
Beautified Q1 Hamlet
Authors: Bruster Douglas
Published: July 2019

Q1 Hamlet (1603) routinely sets prose speeches so that they appear to be blank
verse. This article argues that such was an attempt to confer prestige upon the
text, particularly in the wake of the saturation of Shakespeare books on the literary marketplace around 1600 – a phenomenon that saw his prose works achieve less favour than those in pentameter. The publishers of Q1 Merry Wives (1602) and Q1 Hamlet may have hedged their bets on these Shakespeare texts by amplifying their verse, long the gold standard of the Shakespearean brand. Like The True Tragedie of Richard III (published 1594) and The Famous Victories of Henry V (entered 1594), which presented their opening pages to readers as iambic pentameter, Q1 Hamlet seems to have beautified its dialogue for readers in the early modern book marketplace.
LES ENTREPRISES FRANÇAISES FACE AUX OCCUPANTS (1940–1944)
Authors: Durand Sébastien
Published: July 2019

Amid severe shortages of raw materials, labor, and transportation, companies in occupied France (1940–1944) sought alternative paths to what is commonly called “economic collaboration.” They worked to find substitute supplies, convert to new product lines, alter their manufacturing methods, and even adapt to the black market. But few businesses could avoid the question of whether to provide goods and services to the occupier. The opportunities to do so were widespread, though they varied according to occupation, economic branch, and the passage of time during the Occupation. The German occupiers thus benefited from the French economy. With decisive help from the Vichy regime, the occupiers managed to force, induce, or entice French enterprises into their war economy—be they large industries formerly mobilized for French national defense, small and medium-sized
firms, or agricultural producers.
AN INDOCHINESE VICHY SYNDROME?
Authors: Edwards M. Kathryn , Jennings Eric
Published: July 2019

This article analyzes the complex memorial stakes of the events
that unfolded in French Indochina during World War II. It first considers
the wartime years and analyzes the French frameworks for understanding
the Vichy period and the Japanese takeover. It then delves into two memorial
trends: the rehabilitation of the French resistance in Indochina and the
commemoration of victims of the 9 March 1945 Japanese coup. These
trends have produced a double elision: the focus on resistance to the Japanese
has displaced previous allegiance to Vichy, and the emphasis on the victimhood
of the French settler community has overshadowed responsibility
for colonial violence.
FRANÇOIS MITTERRAND AND THE GRAY ZONE OF VICHY
Authors: McDonnell Hugh
Published: July 2019

This article examines the 1994–1995 controversy surrounding President François Mitterrand’s past involvement with Vichy France through the concept of “the gray zone.” Differing from Primo Levi’s gray zone, it
refers here to the language that emerged in France to account for the previously neglected complicity of bystanders and beneficiaries and the indirect facilitation of the injustices of the Vichy regime. The affair serves as a site for exploring the nuances and inflections of this concept of the gray zone—both in the way it was used to indict those accused of complicity with Vichy, and as a means for those, like Mitterrand, who defended themselves by using the language of grayness. Paying attention to these invocations of the gray zone at this historical conjuncture allows us to understand the logic and stakes of both the criticisms of Mitterrand and his responses to them, particularly in terms of contemporaneous understandings of republicanism and human rights.
Translational genomics and molecular breeding for enhancing precision and efficiency in crop improvement programs: Some examples in legumes
Authors: Bohra Abhishek , Bharadwaj Chellapilla , Radhakrishnan T. , Singh Narendra P. , Varshney Rajeev K.
Published: July 2019

Legumes like chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut are
protein rich, nutrient-dense, and nitrogen fixing crops.
Their importance is increasingly recognized in view of the
urgent need to address burgeoning malnutrition problem
and to impart sustainability to cropping systems. Breeding
programs in these crops have achieved great success.
However, consistent improvement in genetic gains
demands integration of innovative tools and technologies
with crop breeding programs. Genomic resources are of
paramount significance in context of improving the
efficiency and precision of crop breeding schemes. The
last decade has witnessed a remarkable success in
generating unprecedented genomic resources in these
crops, thus transforming these genomic orphans into
genomic resource rich crops. These genomic resources
include array-based genotyping platforms, high-resolution
genetic linkage maps/HapMaps, comprehensive
transcriptome assemblies and gene expression atlas, and
whole genome sequences etc. Further progression from
the training phase (development) to breeding (deployment)
phase is marked with the current availability of a variety of
molecular breeding products in these legume crops. In the
present review, we discuss how deployment of the modern
genomic resources such as next-generation gene discovery
techniques and “gold standard experimental designs” is
furthering our knowledge about the genetic underpinnings
of trait variation. Also, key success stories demonstrating
the power of molecular breeding in these legume crops are
highlighted. It is opined that the breeding populations
constantly improved by sequence-based breeding approach
will greatly help improving breeding traits and the genetic
gains accruable from crop breeding programs.
Modern biotechnological tools for enhancing reproductive efficiency
in livestock
Authors: Shah Syed Mohmad , Chauhan Manmohan Singh
Published: July 2019

Farm animals, an important component of agriculture in
Asia and other countries of the world plays a pivotal role in
agricultural economy in the form of meat, milk and drought
power. This important animal resource needs to be
genetically improved owing to considerable dependence
of the state economy, food chain as well as the farmer’s
security upon them. The limitation to genetic improvement
imposed by inherent biological factors can be overcome
by the use of reproductive bio-techniques which aim to
manipulate reproduction - related events and/or structures
to achieve pregnancy with the final aim of producing healthy
offspring in the females. Assisted Reproductive Techniques
(ART) manipulate structures and/or events related to
ovulation, fertilization and embryo transfer. It corners
around manipulation of female/male reproductive tract
physiology, biochemistry, health and thereby longevity.
Recently developed bio-techniques used for improving
reproductive efficiency of farm animals include artificial
insemination, gamete and embryo freezing, multiple
ovulation and embryo transfer technologies, in vitro
embryo production, ovum pick-up, cloning by nuclear
transfer (NT) of embryonic and somatic cells, stem cell
biology and transgenics. Use of these techniques could
enable scientists and researchers to understand and
overcome the key issues responsible for limiting full
utilization of buffalo to improve the economy.
Genetic tools and techniques for fish improvement
Authors: Gopikrishna G.
Published: July 2019

Mastitis is an economically important disease in goats. In the present study, a total of 100 quarter milk samples were collected from 50 apparently healthy Sirohi Goats in Udaipur district. The culture examination of these samples revealed the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in Sirohi goats as 26 (26/100) % and 34 (17/50) % on udder quarter basis and animal basis, respectively. The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis was observed in 3rd lactation (50 %). Among the different isolates, staphylococci were found as most prevalent organism accounting for 37.50 (12/32) %, followed by streptococci 28.12 (9/32) %, E. coli 18.75 (6/32) %, bacilli 9.37 (3/32) % and Corynebacterium spp. 6.25 (2/32) %. The threshold values of modified California mastitis test, total somatic cell count and electrical conductivity in subclinical mastitic milk samples were observed to be +1, 1.0 million cells/ml of milk and 6.0 mS/cm, respectively.
New frontiers in chromosome elimination-mediated doubled haploidy
breeding: Focus on speed breeding in bread and durum wheat
Authors: Chaudhary H. K. , Sharma P. K. , ManoJ N. V. , Singh K.
Published: July 2019

Rectovaginal lacerations in the mare occur during parturition when the foal’s limb(s) or head are forced caudal and dorsal. The injury is seen predominantly in primiparous mares and is usually due to violent expulsive efforts by the mare (Colbern et al., 1985; Turner and McIlwraith, 1989). The injury is also seen following forced extraction of a large fetus or extraction before full dilation of the birth canal. Third-degree perineal lacerations occur when there is tearing through the rectovaginal septum, the musculature of the rectum and vagina, and the perineal body.
Development, evaluation and characterization of browning-resistant hybrids of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)
Authors: Kamal Shwet , Sharma V. P. , Gupta Mamta , Barh Anupam , Singh Manjit  R.
Published: July 2019

Postharvest browning in white button mushroom is a major
limiting factor determining the quality and marketability of
mushrooms. In the present study, 361 hybrids were
developed using non-fertile isolates from eleven button
mushroom strains. A total of forty one browning tolerant
hybrids were selected and evaluated for the yield. Five of
these were evaluated on large scale in commercial units
and two have been finally selected on the basis of higher
yield than the strains used by the commercial units. The
selected five hybrids showed very low level of enzymes
responsible for browning i.e., laccase, polyphenol oxidases
and tyrosinase.The hybrids were characterized using SSR,
IRAP and ReMAP markers and distinguishing bands for
hybrids could be identified. The developed hybrids will
address post harvest browning problems of button
mushroom industry.
Status and prospects of gene editing and transgenic in fishes
Authors: Barman H. K. , Rasal Kiran D. , Mondal Subhajit
Published: July 2019

Recent advances in high throughout DNA sequencing
technologies have revolutionized for better understanding
of structure-functional relationships of genes in identifying
trait-associated transcriptomes and their regulated gene
expressions. Subsequent breakthroughs in gene editing
technologies such as zinc finger nucleases, transcriptional
activator-like effect or nucleases (TALEN) and CRISPR
(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)
determined chromosomal loci so as to understand gene
functions in vivo. Such editing technologies are now being
implemented in many laboratories due to an affordable
cost and easiness of techniques. Targeted gene delivery
and disruptions are now not only restricted to standard
cell lines or stem cells, but also primary cell lines and nonmodel
agriculturally important species. Progress and
implications of gene integration and disruptions in food
fishes like salmon, carps, etc. will be highlighted. The
positive impacts on myostatin gene (negative growth
hormone regulator) disruption mediated muscular growth
have been documented. Transposon mediated gene
integration technologies for value-additions to small
indigenous aquarium fishes by expressing attractive
fluorescent color genes could be the future of rainbow
revolution. Issues linked with further-tuning with regards
to improved efficacy and specificity, while reducing offtarget
effects of gene editing tools will be addressed. There
are health and environmental concerns with genetically
modified organisms (GMOs). CRISPR/Cas9 mediated
editing generates indels and hence supposed to be free
from transgene-nontoxic and non-allergen. Scientific
progress regarding to generate genetically modified carps;
those could well be cultivated in a confinement and at the
same time economically profitable; will be highlighted.
Emphasis should be given for transfer these technologies
from the laboratory to land for the development of a
consumer-friendly sustainable farming system.
Genomic characterization of mithun (Bos frontalis) populations using
high density SNP array
Authors: Mukherjee Anupama , Mukherjee Sabyasachi , Longkumer Imsusosang , Mech Moonmoon , Haque Nazrul , Vupru Kezhavituo , Khate Kobu , Rajkhowa Chandan
Published: July 2019

Mithun (Bos frontalis) is a bovine species found in the four
North-Eastern Hilly States of India viz., Nagaland,
Arunachal, Manipur and Mizoram. The 770k
BovineHDBeadChip (Illumina, CA), which is basically a highdensity
SNP array was utilized for genomic characterization
of four mithun populations and to study genetic diversity
present in the populations. SNP genotyping of a total 24
samples representing four mithun populations as per their
geographic locations were carried out. The results indicated
that the majority of polymorphic SNPs were found to be in
HWE. Observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.263±0.040
(Nagaland) to 0.299±0.044 (Arunachal). Inbreeding
coefficient ranged from 0.087±0.139 for Nagaland to
0.186±0.053 for Manipur mithun. The result of the Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) indicated all the mithuns were
distributed together in close proximity and no clear
separation of the four populations was observed.The first
and second principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained
9.59% and 88.0% of the total variation, respectively. The
results of the STRUCTURE analysis also showed no
population substructure as inferred from an increasing plot
of cross validation error, similar to PCA. In our knowledge,
this is the first study on genomic characterization of any
Indian livestock species, through analysis of population
structure and genetic diversity using high density SNP array.
The baseline information generated in our study will help
in developing proper strategies for implementing genomic
selection and conservation of mithun.
Kršćanstvo na tlu Srbije od prvih početaka do dolaska Slavena
Authors: Jarak Mirja
Published: July 2019

U radu se izlažu okvirni podatci o ranokršćanskom razdoblju na području današnje Srbije, od razdoblja tetrarhije do kraja kasne antike. U to doba na tlu Srbije nalazilo se nekoliko kasnoantičkih rimskih provincija s bogatim gradovima koji su bili središta kršćanskoga života. Najvažniji grad tijekom 3. i 4. st. bio je Sirmium, središte prefekture Illyricum i od kraja 4. st. središte nadbiskupije. Izlaganje je zasnovano na povijesnim literarnim izvorima i arheološkoj građi. Iz obilja podataka izdvojeni su neki posebno zanimljivi vidovi razvoja kršćanstva na proučavanom području. Neka zbivanja, poput odvijanja progona kršćana početkom 4. st., teološke rasprave u kasnijem dijelu 4. st., uspostave nadbiskupije u gradu Iustiniana Prima u 6. st., imala su vrlo veliko značenje unutar cijeloga područja Rimskoga Carstva, te su u radu posebno naglašena. Isto tako posebno su naglašeni neki elementi arheološke ostavštine (oslikane grobnice, sahranjivanje u crkvama), koji se sagledavaju u širem kontekstu ranokršćanske arheologije.
O telessaúde Brasil redes: Um sistema tecnologico “socialmente engajado”
Authors: Botrugno Carlo , Goldim José Roberto , Fernandes Márcia Santana
Published: July 2019

Introdução: A reflexão sobre o caráter “socialmente mediado” dos dispositivos tecnológicos é um tema clássico dos Science and Technology Studies. Objetivo: Avaliar o caracter socialmente engajado do projeto Telessaúde Brasil Redes implantado no Brasil. Método: Uma oportunidade favorável para conciliar a perspectiva dos STS com uma visão mais ampla no âmbito da investigação sobre as formas de deslocação territorial dos processos de cuidado em saúde é o caso do Telessaúde Brasil Redes. Resultados: As suas características estreitam a relação entre o design da rede e as finalidades do SUS, oferecendo elementos úteis a uma leitura teórico-conceitual da estrutura do serviço implantado. Em contraposição ao padrão da telemedicina o serviço de Telessaúde Redes Brasil avança além do clássico esquema da “mediação social” dos artefatos tecnológicos, tendo como objetivo o de ampliar o acesso aos serviços de cuidado em saúde garantidos sistema público de saúde, fator que democratiza e reduz desigualdades entre os usuários do sistema. Conclusão: Ademais, ao propor uma conexão entre os diferentes profissionais da saúde, o Telessaúde Redes opera além da “ecologia médica local”, valorizando a importância das relações sociais entre as equipes de saúde da família e as comunidades atendidas.
SEMEN TRIKALSIUM SILIKAT SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF UNTUK PENATALAKSANAAN HIPERSENSITIF DENTIN (Kajian Pustaka)
Authors: Deviyanti Sinta
Published: July 2019

Hipersensitif dentin adalah rasa sakit yang timbul khususnya sebagai respon terhadap rangsangan suhu, uap, kimiawi, taktil atau osmotik pada dentin yang terbuka. Hal ini berkaitan dengan terbukanya dentin karena hilangnya email oleh proses abrasi, erosi atau terbukanya permukaan akar gigi akibat resesi gusi atau perawatan periodontal. Rangsanganrangsangan ini akan menyebabkan pergerakan cairan dentin di dalam tubuli dentin yang terbuka sehingga menimbulkan eksitasi saraf dan rasa sakit. Rasa sakit yang timbul pada hipersensitif dentin memiliki variasi sifat yang ekstrim mulai dari kisaran intensitas tidak nyaman sampai sakit sekali. Meskipun berbagai pilihan perawatan menyatakan keberhasilannya dalam menghilangkan keluhan hipersensitif dentin, saat ini belum ada satupun bahan desensitisasi yang dianggap ideal untuk penatalaksanaan kondisi ini. Semen trikalsium silikat kini telah diperkenalkan sebagai bahan kedokteran gigi yang bersifat bioaktif dan biokompatible. Reaksi hidrasi dari semen trikalsium silikat dengan air akan membentuk kalsium hidrat silikat dan reaksi pengerasan. Selama proses hidrasi, bahan ini tetap mampu meresap ke dalam tubuli dentin dan berpotensi memicu penutupan tubuli melalui pengendapan kristal hiroksiapatit. Penutupan tubuli dentin merupakan hal utama yang penting untuk desensitisasi. Penelitian secara in vitro pada semen kalsium silikat telah menunjukkan efektivitasnya dalam mengurangi permeabilitas dentin dan penutupan tubuli. Penggunaan semen trikalsium silikat secara klinis sebagai bahan desensitisasi, layak dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif penatalaksanaan hipersensitif dentin.
The Role of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase in Apoptosis Induction in Response to Inhibition of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex III
Authors: Khutornenko A. A. , Dalina A. A. , Chernyak B. V. , Chumakov P. M. , Evstafieva A. G.
Published: July 2019

A mechanism for the induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis) upon dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain has been studied. Previously, we had found that inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome bc1, a component of the electron transport chain complex III, leads to activation of tumor suppressor p53, followed by apoptosis induction. The mitochondrial respiratory chain is coupled to the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway via the mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). The p53 activation induced in response to the inhibition of the electron transport chain complex III has been shown to be triggered by the impairment of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis due to the suppression of DHODH. However, it remained unclear whether the suppression of the DHODH function is the main cause of the observed apoptotic cell death. Here, we show that apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells induced by the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III inhibition can be prevented by supplementation with uridine or orotate (products of the reaction catalyzed by DHODH) rather than with dihydroorotate (a DHODH substrate). We conclude that apoptosis is induced in response to the impairment of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis caused by the inhibition of DHODH. The conclusion is supported by the experiment showing that downregulation of DHODH by RNA interference leads to accumulation of the p53 tumor suppressor and to apoptotic cell death.
Medidas de Biossegurança na Administração de Quimioterapia Antineoplásica: Conhecimento dos Enfermeiros
Authors: Ferreira Anne Rodrigues , Ferreira Elaine Barros , De Campos Monica Chiodi Toscano , Dos Reis Paula Elaine Diniz , Vasques Christiane Inocêncio
Published: July 2019

Introdução: A exposição ocupacional às propriedades citotóxicas da quimioterapia implica em riscos à saúde desses profissionais, podendo causar alterações agudas ou crônicas oriundas do manuseio dos agentes antineoplásicos em longo prazo. Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento de enfermeiros a respeito das medidas de biossegurança para administração de quimioterapia. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal com enfermeiros de um hospital geral. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário autoaplicado e os dados foram analisados através de medidas de tendência central, dispersão e correlações. Resultados: Trinta enfermeiros participaram do estudo e 23 deles informaram nunca ter recebido capacitação para trabalhar com quimioterápicos. O escore médio de conhecimento dos participantes foi 27,6 de um total possível de 37 pontos. Conclusão: Os enfermeiros da instituição pesquisada apresentam conhecimento parcialmente adequado à recomendações de biossegurança. A identificação de lacunas no conhecimento pode orientar o desenvolvimento de protocolos e programas de capacitação, aspecto fundamental atualmente, haja vista o elevado número de pacientes com câncer internados em unidades de clínica médica em hospitais gerais
Linkage between labor migration, remittance and self employed business activities in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Naveen
Published: July 2019

This paper investigates the linkage between international labor migration, remittance and ownershipof self employed business activities in Nepal using a nationally representative cross sectional data. Thepurpose of the paper is to test the hypothesis propounded by New Economics of Labor Economics. Atwo stage instrumental variable Probit model is used to assess the relationship between the variables.The findings suggest that household with migrant members is seven percent more likely to own anenterprise while impact of remittance is negligible and insignificant. This paper concludes that theskills and knowledge about technology acquired abroad by migrant labor could be instrumental forexpanding the self employed business activities in Nepal contributing to overreaching objectives ofpoverty alleviation and creating jobs in the domestic market in the long run.

Keywords: International labor migration; Remittance; Self-employment; Business activities;Entrepreneurship
What I Didn't Learn in Business School
Authors: Prajapati Bikram
Published: July 2019

Jay Barney and Trish Gorman Clifford, What I Didn't Learn in Business School: How Strategy Works in theReal World. October 12, 2010.
The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Value: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Farida Farida , Ramadhan Adhika , Wijayanti Ratih
Published: July 2019

The company goal is to maximize the shareholders’ prosperity, not just to maximize profit. The fact is that the company not only has economic responsibility but also social responsibility to the community and its environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of good corporate governance (GCG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the firm value. The research sample of 15 companies was taken using purposive sampling from companies listed in the LQ-45 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2014-2017. This study uses panel data regression analysis with Random Effect model method. GCG is a representation of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, independent commissioner, and audit committee. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between GCG and CSR on firm value simultaneously. Partially, independent Commissioners and CSR each have an influence on the firm value, but there is an anomaly.
Marketing Metrics Based Performance for SMEs Business Strategy in Indonesia.
Authors: Hatta Iha Haryani , Etty Merawati Endang , Supriadi Edy , Hilmiyah Nurul
Published: July 2019

The SMEs engaged in marine fish processing industry in Muara Angke, Jakarta have the potential to be better developed, considering that most of the entrepreneurs are young, experienced and well educated although most enterprises are not yet in the form of legal entities. This study aims to determine the level of performa nce achievement based on marketing metrics and business development strategy model as well as recommendations for SMEs in marine fish processing in Muara Angke, Jakarta. The study used 40 SMEs entrepreneurs involved in marine fish processing as random respondents. Data were analyzed based on SWOT and EFE-IFE analysis. The results of the study indicate that the marketing metrics-based performance achievement level of the enterprises is moderate. The model of enterprise development strategy of this business is W - O strategy, that is, the SMEs entrepreneurs first minimize the weaknesses in order to take advantage of opportunities. So the recommendation of strategy is to carry out a directed and more vigorous campaign by organizing, following, or sponsoring various events, promotion through printed media, and social networking media, and adding sales network.
Determinants of Growth in Cement Production in Nigeria
Authors: Alayande Folarin
Published: July 2019

Rapid industrialisation through sector-led industrial policies, prohibitive tariffs and aggressive subsidies has become commonplace in many African countries. In Africa’s largest economy, Nigeria, one of the flagship industries cited as a success story of successful industrialisation is the cement industry. However, the Nigerian cement industry manifests certain industry peculiarities such as oligopoly and bulky mass, that is not easily replicable across sectors. The aim of this paper is to isolate the key market characteristics and industry incentives granted to the cement sector so as to identify the most important determinants of the recorded phenomenal growth. Based on previous studies, four industry variables: concentration ratio, capital intensity, installed capacity and demand-supply gap were identified. In addition, four other macroeconomic variables that impacted production costs: financing costs, tax rate, real exchange rate and effective rate of protection; were also tested in the model. Data was obtained for the cement industry from 1980 to 2015 for the cointegration model. The results indicate that tariff protection was the most significant determinant of the growth in cement production. Subsidies, in form of tax holidays and cheaper financing, were only minimally important. The findings of this study underscore the huge cost of supporting the growth of industrialisation in African countries through various instruments.
Trade Policy Incentives, Market Structure and Productivity
Authors: Alayande Folarin , Wumi Olayiwola Dr.
Published: July 2019

Trade policy incentives are drivers of within-sector productivity growth and rapid industrial transformation in many developing countries. In many African countries, the use of tariffs, trade prohibitions and a package of fiscal policy incentives are therefore components of industrialisation and backward integration programmes to accelerate the performance of priority sectors. However, the effectiveness of these policy instruments within specific industries, and the transmission mechanism of policy incentives to productivity has not been adequately explored in the literature. By focusing on oligopolistic market structure of the cement industry in Nigeria, this paper analysed the relative impact of trade policy incentives and market structure on the within-sector productivity. Using the autoregressive distributed lag model with structural breaks, the study finds that producer concentration ratio is the most significant driver of productivity. While the trade policy incentive indexed by effective rate of protection (ERP), and financing subsidies also impact productivity improvements, the magnitudes are significantly lower. The overwhelming significance of market structure nuance earlier research studies and provide new insights into the nexus between trade incentives and productivity in an oligopolistic industry.
Homestead Food Gardeners’ Perceived Vulnerability to Poverty, Income Shocks and Entrepreneurial Activities in North West Province, South Africa
Authors: Maselwa T. C. , Oyekale A. S.
Published: July 2019

Poor households are faced with several challenges which affect their income generating activities. In the Ramotshere Moiloa Local Municipality, where this study was carried out, unemployment and food insecurity are prevalent. The respondents were selected using a multistep sampling method. The first stage involved selection of villages, where HFG are commonly found were randomly selected. In the second stage, a snowball sampling process was employed to identify and select people involved in homestead food gardening, lastly was to find a sample of 110 HFG. The study found that HFG were experiencing different shocks. The regression coefficients indicated that entrepreneurial income was significantly and positively affected by socio-economic characteristics and shocks while it was significantly and negatively affected by shocks and challenges. The marginal parameters of perceived vulnerability to poverty were significantly and positively affected by entrepreneurial activities. Socio-economic characteristics significantly and negatively affected marginal effects of perceived vulnerability to poverty. It can be concluded that farmers still need more training and awareness on how to run agricultural businesses as well as non-farm businesses for increased entrepreneurial income, improved welfare and limited likelihood of poverty and vulnerability. It was recommended that government to intervene in matters that arose from this study by providing more awareness, opportunities and training for people in the study area in order to reduce and prevent future poverty.
Financial Performance of Local Government and Social Welfare: The Case in Indonesia.
Authors: Khairudin Khairudin , Tarmizi Rosmiati , Indrayenti Indrayenti , Aminah Aminah , Muhammad Kamaruzzaman
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine the relationship between financial performance and community welfare among the Indonesian local governments. Using content analysis, this study measures the financial performance by utilizing financial ratios such as financial independence, financial effectiveness, financial efficiency, and financial growth whilst community welfare is measured through the Human Development Index (HDI). Based on 146 Indonesian local governments, this study shows that the financial performance and the community welfare in Indonesian local governments are not favorable. This study also shows that financial independence, financial effectiveness and financial efficiency of the local governments are positive significantly affect community welfare. However, financial growth of the local governments has a negative and significant effect on community welfare. This study confirms the stakeholder theory, in which the local governments provide benefits to the stakeholders in the form of community welfare although such benefits has yet to reach the community’s expectations.
Critical Success Factors of System Requirements Definition in IT System Development: An Industrial Case Study.
Authors: Komai Shinobu , Prima Sakti Rizky , Saidi Hamdani
Published: July 2019

The success of IT system development is largely dependent on the System Requirements Definition (SRD) phase. Researches on Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in the SRD phase are beneficial to the success of IT system development. However, reports that consider the situation in the system requirements definition phase is lacking and these studies try to develop universal truths for CSFs without lessons learnt from empirical evidence need to be characterized. This study is a step towards bridging this gap in characterized evidence to discover “difficult items” in the SRD phase. Moreover, we conducted a case study to justify the importance of CSFs that could be 1) Customer/User Involvement, 2) Clear project goals, and 3) Technical skills of the project team in the SRD phase. The results of the characterization indicated that those major CSFs are consistent. Another issue can also be mitigated by examining Agile method.