bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation and design of monitoring systems in real time landslides at Xekaman 3 hydropower plant
Authors: Khai Pham Cong , Hai Nguyen Van ,   Faculty of Geomatics and Land Administration, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam;  Faculty of Water Resources Engineering, ThuyLoi University - Second Base, Vietnam
Published: May 2020

This paper presents results of investigating, designing, and building a monitoring system in real-time based on GNSS CORS technology in order to monitor landslides at Xekaman 3 hydropower plant in the Lao people’s Democratic Republic. A system with 18 monitoring stations and a CORS station has been designed to ensure the operation of system 24/7. The connection diagram for data transmission from the monitoring stations to the data processing center, as well as the connection diagram of the devices at a monitoring station has been designed. A simulation experiment has shown that the designed system can be applied for real-time monitoring of landslide.
Inversion of multiple data sets acquired by different array configuration of geoelectrical resistivity method
Authors: Thong Kieu Duy ,   Faculty of Oil and Gas, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam
Published: May 2020

The geoelectrical resistivity method is one of the most commonly used geophysical methods. This method uses different electrodes configuration, electrode array, depending on the purpose and conditions of the field, each type of array has its advantages and disadvantages. Due to the development of data acquisition technology, it is common for geoelectrical instruments enable to record data arising from different electrode arrays with negligible real-time construction. However, current software’s only allows to process for each individual electrode array. Inverted models of different electrode array can be integrated to build a common earth model. However, due to the nature of the geophysical inversion is non-unique solutions, it means that there will be an infinite of models that can be suitable for a measurement in a certain noise level. This leads to the same measurement data in an area with different electrode array may produce different geoelectrical models making the dificulty for integration process. To solve this problem, we utilise the simultaneous joint inversion algorithm of data sets arising from multiple electrode arrays. The test results on synthetic data show that this combination is better than the solution of each individual electrode array. The best result is a combination of pole - dipole (PD), dipole - pole (DP) and dipole - dipole (DD).
Romatoid Artrit Tedavisinde Uygulanan Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: AKDAĞ Hevişan , KIRMUSAOĞLU Sahra
Published: May 2020

Romatoid artrit (RA), genel popülasyonun yaklaşık %1’ini etkilediği düşünülen, bağ
dokusu hasarını hedef alan kronik bir otoimmün ve insanın bağışıklık sisteminin vücuttaki kendi sağlıklı hücreleriyle savaşması sonucunda ortaya çıkan bir hastalıktır.
Romatoid artritli hastalarda, bağ dokusu hasarının ilerlemesi, sakatlığa, hastaların
yaşam kalitesinin azalmasına ve mortaliteye sebep olmaktadır. RA’yı tamamen tedavi eden bir tedavi seçeneği henüz yoktur. RA’nın erken tanısı ve tedavisi ile hastaların %90’ının eklem hasarının ilerlemesi ya da hasar oluşumu yavaşlatılabilir.
Geleneksel tedavilerin yetersizliğinden dolayı, romatoid artrit tedavisinin etkili ve
spesifik bir biçimde gerçekleşmesi için güncel tedavilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu
derlemede, romatoid artrit tedavisinde uygulanan geleneksel tedaviler ve modern terapötik yaklaşımlar ele alınacaktır.
Dinamik Model Algoritması ile 1500 V DC Beslemeli Bir Metro Hattında Katener Kısa Devre Durumunun Analizi
Authors: AKÇAY Mehmet Taciddin , KOCAARSLAN İlhan
Published: May 2020

Ulaşım sistemleri içinde elektrik beslemeli demiryolları yatırım tercihi olarak
yüksek bir orana sahiptir. Elektrikli demiryollarında ise elektrifikasyon sisteminin elektrik verme görevini kusursuz olarak yerine getirebilmesi işletme sürekliliği için esastır. Tasarım öncesinde elektrifikasyon sistemi benzetimi yapılarak
sisteme ait kapasite, performans ve arıza durumları test edilmektedir. İşletme sürekliliği için arıza durumlarının analizi ve olası tedbirlerin alınması büyük önem
taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada dinamik bir model oluşturularak 1500 V DC beslemeli
bir şehiriçi metro hattının benzetimi yapılmıştır. Dinamik yapı için geliştirilen algoritma anlatılarak benzetim sonuçları verilmiştir. Çalışma için katener sisteminde
olası bir kısa devre durumunun analizi araştırılmıştır. 7 trafo merkezi bulunan bir
raylı sistem hattına ait veriler kullanılarak kısa devre durumunun olası etkileri grafikler üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar üzerinden alınması gereken tedbirler verilmiştir.
Dolgu Duvarlı Betonarme Binaların Hakim Periyodunun Doğrudan Formüller ile Elde Edilmesi
Authors: BÖREKÇİ Muzaffer
Published: May 2020

Bina tasarımında doğal periyotların elde edilmesi
önemli bir husustur. Kat adedi az, düzensizliklerin olmadığı binalarda hakim
mod öteleme modudur ve bu tip binaların tek serbestlik dereceli gibi
düşünülmesi mümkündür. Öteleme modu hakim ve eşde­ğer tek serbestlik dereceli
olarak kabul edilebilecek binaların deprem yükleri altın­daki tasarımında tek
mod kullanılabileceğinden, yalnızca bu modun periyodunu elde etmek yeterli
olacaktır. Uzun hesaplara gerek olmadan hızlı bir şekilde bu periyodu elde
etmeye yarayacak doğrudan formüller literatürde çeşitli çalışmalarda önerilmiş­tir.
Binalarda odalar oluşturabilmek amacıyla duvarlar örülmektedir ve bu duvar­ların
rijitliğe olan katkısı ile periyodu değiştireceği açıktır. Fakat tasarım
sırasında duvarların rijitliğe katkısı ihmal edilmekte yalnızca ağırlığı
dikkate alınmaktadır. Li­teratürde periyot elde edebilmek için önerilen
doğrudan formüllerin bazıları duva­rın etkisini dikkate almazken bazıları duvar
rijitliğinin katkısını hesaba katmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki bina
stoğunu temsil edebileceği düşünülen 6 katlı beto­narme çerçevelerden oluşan
bir binanın hakim periyodu hem SAP2000 programında modellenerek analitik olarak
hem de doğrudan formüller ile elde edilmiştir. Duvarlı ve duvarsız olmak üzere
iki ayrı model ile bina periyotlarının elde edildiği bu çalış­mada, önerilen
formüllerin periyodu elde etmedeki yaklaşıklıkları ve duvar etkisini ne kadar
dikkate aldıkları araştırılmıştır.
Türkiye’deki Sürdürülebilir Yükseköğretim Yapılarının Etkin Kaynak Yönetimi Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇAKIR KIASIF Gözde , UYGUN UGUTMEN Melisa
Published: May 2020

19.yüzyılın sonlarında sanayi devriminin etkisi ve 2000’li yıllarda küreselleşmenin hız kazanmasıyla birlikte doğal kaynakların kontrolsüzce kullanımı çevresel felaketlerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum ile mücadele etmek için yapı endüstrisi sürdürülebilir yapım teknolojilerini benimsemeye başlamıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’deki yükseköğretim yapılarının etkin kaynak kullanımı ile kalkınma adına ciddi faydalar sağlayabileceğinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Kaynaklarını etkin kullanabilen eğitim yapılarında öğrenim gören öğrencilerde sürdürülebilirlik bilincinin oluşturulabileceği öngörülmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde yer alan dokuz adet yükseköğretim yapısı ele alınmıştır. Bu yapılar; Yeditepe Üniversitesi, Uşak Üniversitesi 1 Eylül Kampüsü Merkezi Derslik Bloğu, Piri Reis Üniversitesi, Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Morfoloji Binası, Özyeğin Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi ve Öğrenci Merkezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi Devlet Konservatuvarı, TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Öğrenci Konukevi Yapıları, Sabancı Üniversitesi Nanoteknoloji Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, ve İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar ve Tasarım Fakültesidir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak alanyazın taraması yapılmış, çalışmadaki birçok üniversiteye gidilip yerinde tetkikler gerçekleştirilmiş, konu ile ilgili uzman kişilerle görüşülmüştür. Suyun, malzemenin ve enerjinin hangi yöntem ve uygulamalarla binalarda etkin olarak kullanılabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
A Review of Eco-Friendly Preservative and Bio-Tannin Materials Using Powdered Barks of Local Plants for the Processing of Goatskin
Authors: John Unango Franco , Duraisamy Ramesh , M Ramasamy Karthikeyan
Published: May 2020

Skin is a raw material which is considered as the heart of leather making process. Skin falls vulnerable upon the flayed of the animals and is seriously invaded by bacteria if it is not well protected. Curing and preservation of raw stock resist putrefaction and reserve leather quality. Worldwide, most commonly used skin preservation is by using table salt which is accused of polluting the environment by increasing soil salinity, affecting water body, releasing more than 40% dissolved solids and 55% chlorides etc. Further, on the side of leather tanning, 80-90% of all leathers is manufactured by tanning with basic chromium (III) salt, because of its excellent features and is also solemnly accused that; its safety record is cautionary, uncontrolled emission of chromium (VI) and it is a limited natural resources. Pollution control authorities of many countries are imposed severe restrictions on both salt preservation and chrome tanning forcing the tanners and researchers to look for possible alternative ways that are naturally abundant, easily obtainable, low priced, eco-friendly and offer competitive with existing tanned leather performances. The critical reviewed was targeting the recent alternatives trends to skin/hides salt preservation as well as vegetable tanning as a possible way to replace the use of basic chromium salt for the sustainability of leather industry and to further suggest another preservative and vegetable plant to be used in future studies.
An Analysis of Quality Characteristics of Bamboo/Cotton Blended Yarns of Rotor and Ring Spun
Authors: G Nagarajan , T Ramachandran , S Boobalan
Published: May 2020

Denim fabrics are in general manufactured by using 100% cotton fibers. A novel attempt has been made by using bamboo/cotton yarns in warp and weft directions to produce denim fabrics using ring yarns in warp and rotor yarns in weft directions. In this research work, bamboo/cotton yarns are manufactured in different blend compositions like 100% bamboo, 100% cotton,70:30, 50:50 and 30:70 ratios. Ne 10 and Ne 16 carded yarns are manufactured from both the ring and rotor spinning systems. The yarns manufactured out of these two spinning systems have been critically analyzed for their quality characteristics like Unevenness, Imperfections, Hairiness, friction, abrasion, strength and elongation. The influence of blend ratios on yarn quality characteristics in ring and rotor yarns has been analyzed and the optimum blend proportion which gives the best quality has been investigated.
Ellas nos llevaron a la Luna
Authors: Lorenzo Nieves , Calvo Iglesias Encina
Published: May 2020

En este artículo presentamos a algunas de las mujeres que con su trabajo hicieron posible la llegada a la Luna y que desafortunadamente son poco conocidas. Una gran labor en la que trabajaron ingenieras, matemáticas, físicas y cuyo reconocimiento nos serviría para proporcionar referentes femeninos en las conocidas como disciplinas STEM ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics).
Visibilizando a estas mujeres científicas e ingenieras pretendemos contribuir a superar la visión androcéntrica de la ciencia e ingeniería que pervive en nuestra sociedad y promover vocaciones femeninas en estas disciplinas, donde la participación de las mujeres es menor, ayudando de esta forma a fomentar la diversidad en la ciencia.
Aprendizaje basado en retos y procesos co-creativos. Una oportunidad para abordar la diversidad familiar y los estereotipos de género en la formación inicial de maestros de educación infantil
Authors: Terradellas Piferrer M. Rosa
Published: May 2020

Los avances generados en el ámbito de la tecnología, la universalización del conocimiento, la globalización, la sostenibilidad, así como, los cambios originados, a nivel nacional e internacional, en relación a la igualdad de género, la diversidad de tipologías familiares existentes, la necesidad de romper con los estereotipos de género, precisan de una profunda transformación en la formación inicial de maestros.  Tanto en relación a las nuevas formas de aprendizaje de los estudiantes como a las metodologías de enseñanza, competencias, habilidades y actitudes que deben desarrollar, para que en un futuro sean capaces de abordar temas complejos mediante propuestas didácticas, multidisciplinares, creativas, ajustadas a la realidad de cada contexto y fundamentadas científicamente.

Para promover esta transformación presentamos una propuesta, iniciada en octubre de 2017, que combina, en el grado de maestros de educación infantil, el Aprendizaje Basado en Retos y los procesos co-creativos. Ambos nos permiten tratar los contenidos de aprendizaje de esta formación desde retos vinculados a situaciones propias de la práctica educativa, con  la participación de profesionales de la educación,  que nos aportan su experiencia,  tanto para decidir posibles retos a tratar,  como para evaluar la  adecuación de las soluciones halladas.
Ampliación Museo MeCrì
Authors: Inches Geleta Architetti Studio:
Published: May 2020

Minusio, Suiza, 2016

El Museo MeCrì materializa el sueño de una mujer de 80 años acerca de construir un edificio en memoria de su padre Aldo Crivelli, famoso arqueólogo y pintor de la región suiza de Ticino, y también de su hija que falleció a una edad muy temprana. La idea es restaurar un edificio existente emplazado en el casco antiguo de Minusio y convertirlo en un museo para exhibir las obras de arte de su padre y otros artistas. La intervención deja intactos los muros de piedra existentes, protegidos por la ley regional, al mismo tiempo que crea un diálogo con ellos, a través de la materialidad en hormigón, recordando la altura y longitud existentes. A medida que los viejos muros de piedra se degradan con el tiempo, los nuevos límites de hormigón se mantienen en su lugar. Al hormigón se le imprime una textura lavada, a fin de conseguir una mayor integración con el contexto.
The influence of the baseline drift on the resulting extinction values of a cavity attenuated phase shift-based extinction monitor (CAPS PMex)
Authors: Pfeifer Sascha , Müller Thomas , Freedman Andrew , Wiedensohler Alfred
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The effect of the baseline drift on the resulting extinction values of three cavity attenuated phase shift-based extinction monitors (CAPS PMex) with different wavelengths and the respective correlation with NO2 was analysed for an urban background station.
A drift of more than
0.8 Mm-1min-1
was observed for ambient air, with high probability caused by traffic-emissions-driven changes in carrier gas composition. The baseline drift leads to characteristic measurement artefacts for particle extinction.
Artificial particle extinction values of approximately
4 Mm−1
were observed using a baseline period of
5 min.
These values can be even higher for longer baseline periods. Two methods are shown to minimize this effect.
Modified continuous baseline values are calculated in a post-processing step using simple linear interpolation and cubic smoothing splines.
Both methods are useful to reduce artefacts, although the use of cubic smoothing splines gives slightly better results.
The extinction artefacts are diminished and the effective scattering of the resulting extinction values is reduced by about
50 %.
Summarizing the state of the terrestrial biosphere in few dimensions
Authors: Kraemer Guido , Camps-Valls Gustau , Reichstein Markus , Mahecha Miguel D.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. In times of global change, we must closely monitor the state of the planet in
order to understand the full complexity of these changes. In fact, each of the
Earth's subsystems – i.e., the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and
cryosphere – can be analyzed from a multitude of data streams.
However, since it is very hard to jointly interpret multiple monitoring data
streams in parallel, one often aims for some summarizing indicator. Climate
indices, for example, summarize the state of atmospheric circulation in a
region.
Although such approaches are also used in other fields of science, they are
rarely used to describe land surface dynamics.
Here, we propose a robust method to create global indicators for the terrestrial
biosphere using principal component analysis based on a high-dimensional set
of relevant global data streams.
The concept was tested using 12 explanatory variables representing the
biophysical state of ecosystems and land–atmosphere fluxes of water, energy, and carbon
fluxes. We find that three indicators account for 82 % of the variance of the
selected biosphere variables in space and time across the globe. While the
first indicator summarizes productivity patterns, the second indicator
summarizes variables representing water and energy availability. The third
indicator represents mostly changes in surface albedo. Anomalies in the
indicators clearly identify extreme events, such as the Amazon droughts (2005
and 2010) and the Russian heat wave (2010). The anomalies also allow us to
interpret the impacts of these events. The indicators can also be used to
detect and quantify changes in seasonal dynamics. Here we report, for instance,
increasing seasonal amplitudes of productivity in agricultural areas and
arctic regions. We assume that this generic approach has great potential for
the analysis of land surface dynamics from observational or model data.
Reviews and Syntheses: Ironing Out Wrinkles in the Soil Phosphorus Cycling Paradigm
Authors: McConnell Curt A. , Kaye Jason P. , Kemanian Armen R.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Soil phosphorus (P) management remains a critical challenge for agriculture worldwide, and yet we are still unable to predict soil P dynamics as confidently as that of carbon (C) or nitrogen (N). This is due to both the complexity of inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) cycling and the methodological constraints that have limited our ability to trace P dynamics in the soil-plant system. In this review we describe the challenges to building parsimonious, accurate, and useful P models and to explore the potential of some new techniques to advance modeling efforts. To advance our understanding and modeling of P biogeochemistry, research efforts should focus on the following: 1) update the McGill and Cole (1981) model of Po mineralization by clarifying the role and prevalence of “biochemical” and “biological” Po mineralization which we hypothesize are not mutually exclusive and may co-occur along a continuum of Po substrate stoichiometry; 2) further understand the dynamics of phytate, a 6-C compound that can regulate the poorly understood stoichiometry of soil P; 3) explore the effects of C and Po saturation on P sorption and Po mineralization; and 4) resolve discrepancies between hypotheses about P cycling and the methods used to test these hypotheses.
Computing water flow through complex landscapes, Part 3: Fill-Spill-Merge: Flow routing in depression hierarchies
Authors: Barnes Richard , Callaghan Kerry L. , Wickert Andrew D.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Depressions – inwardly-draining regions – are common to many landscapes. When there is sufficient moisture, depressions take the form of lakes and wetlands; otherwise, they may be dry. Hydrological flow models used in geomorphology, hydrology, planetary science, soil and water conservation, and other fields often eliminate depressions through filling or breaching; however, this can produce unrealistic results. Models that retain depressions, on the other hand, are often undesirably expensive to run. In previous work we began to address this by developing a depression hierarchy data structure to capture the full topographic complexity of depressions in a region. Here, we extend this work by presenting a Fill-Spill-Merge algorithm that utilizes our depression hierarchy to rapidly process and distribute runoff. Runoff fills depressions, which then overflow and spill into their neighbors. If both a depression and its neighbor fill, they merge. We provide a detailed explanation of the algorithm as well as results from two sample study areas. In these case studies, the algorithm runs 90–2600× faster (with a 2000–63 000× reduction in compute time) than the commonly-used Jacobi iteration and produces a more accurate output. Complete, well-commented, open-source code is available on Github and Zenodo.
An evaluation of Deccan Traps eruption rates using
geochronologic data
Authors: Schoene Blair , Eddy Michael P. , Keller C. Brenhin , Samperton Kyle M.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Recent attempts to establish the eruptive history of the Deccan Traps large igneous province have used both U-Pb (Schoene et al., 2019) and 40Ar/39Ar (Sprain et al., 2019) geochronology. Both of these studies report dates with high precision and unprecedented coverage for a large igneous province, and agree that the main phase of eruptions began near the C30n-C29r magnetic reversal and waned shortly after the C29r-C29n reversal, totaling ~700-800 ka duration. Nevertheless, the eruption rates interpreted by the authors of each publication differ significantly. The U-Pb dataset was interpreted to indicate four major eruptive pulses, while the 40Ar/39Ar dataset was used to argue for an increase in eruption rates coincident with the Chicxulub impact (Renne et al., 2015; Richards et al., 2015). Although the overall agreement in duration is an achievement for geochronology, the disparate eruption models may act to undermine this achievement in the eyes of the broader geologic community. Here, we generate chronostratigraphic models for both datasets using the same statistical techniques and conclude that 1) age modeling of the 40Ar/39Ar dataset results in constant eruption rates with relatively large uncertainties through the duration of the Deccan Traps, and cannot verify or disprove the pulses identified by the U-Pb data, 2) the stratigraphic position of the Chicxulub impact within the 40Ar/39Ar dataset is much more uncertain than was presented in Sprain et al. (2019), and 3) neither dataset supports an increase in eruption rate as a result of the Chicxulub impact. While the production of precise and accurate geochronologic data is of course essential to studies of Earth History, our analysis underscores that the accuracy of a final result also is critically dependent on how such data are interpreted and presented to the broader community of geoscientists.
A N-dimensional Fortran Interpolation Program (NterGeo.v2020a)
for Geophysics Sciences – Application to a back-trajectory program
(BACKPLUMES.v2020r1) using CHIMERE or WRF outputs
Authors: Bessagnet Bertrand , Menut Laurent , Beauchamp Maxime
Published: May 2020

Abstract. An interpolation program coded in Fortran for irregular N-dimensional cases is presented and freely available. Needs of interpolation procedure over irregular meshes or matrixes with interdependent input data dimensions is frequent in geophysical models. Also, these models often embed look-up tables of physics/chemistry modules. Fortran is a powerful and fast language, highly portable and easy to interface with other existing Fortran models. Our program does not need any libraries and can be compiled with any Fortran compiler. The program is fast and competitive compared to current Python libraries. A novel optional parameter (normalisation option) is provided when considering different types of units on each dimension. For the general program, the inverse distance is used for the weight calculation with a distance defined as a p-distance. Some tests and examples are provided and available in the code package. Moreover, a real case of geophysics application embedding this interpolation program is provided and discussed, it consists in determining back-trajectories using atmospheric dispersion or mesoscale meteorological model outputs, respectively from the widely used models CHIMERE and WRF.
Determination of vadose and saturated-zone nitrate lag times using long-term groundwater monitoring data and statistical machine learning
Authors: Wells Martin J. , Gilmore Troy E. , Nelson Natalie , Mittelstet Aaron , Böhlke John Karl
Published: May 2020

Abstract. In this study, we explored the use of statistical machine learning and long-term groundwater nitrate monitoring data to estimate vadose-zone and saturated-zone lag times in an irrigated alluvial agricultural setting. Unlike most previous statistical machine learning studies that sought to predict groundwater nitrate concentrations within aquifers, the focus of this study was to leverage available groundwater nitrate concentrations and other environmental variable data to determine mean vertical velocities (transport rates) of water and solutes in the vadose zone and saturated zone (3.50 m/year and 3.75 m/year, respectively). Although a saturated-zone velocity that is greater than a vadose-zone velocity would be counterintuitive in most aquifer settings, the statistical machine learning results are consistent with two contrasting primary recharge processes in this aquifer: (1) diffuse recharge from irrigation and precipitation across the landscape, and (2) focused recharge from leaking irrigation conveyance canals. The vadose-zone mean velocity yielded a mean recharge rate (0.46 m/year) consistent with previous estimates from groundwater age-dating in shallow wells (0.38 m/year). The saturated zone mean velocity yielded a recharge rate (1.31 m/year) that was more consistent with focused recharge from leaky irrigation canals, as indicated by previous results of groundwater age-dating in intermediate-depth wells (1.22 m/year). Collectively, the statistical machine-learning model results are consistent with previous observations of relatively high-water fluxes and short transit times for water and nitrate in the aquifer. Partial dependence plots from the model indicate a sharp threshold where high groundwater nitrate concentrations are mostly associated with total travel times of seven years or less, possibly reflecting some combination of recent management practices and a tendency for nitrate concentrations to be higher in diffuse infiltration recharge than in canal leakage water. Limitations to the machine learning approach include potential non-uniqueness when comparing model performance for different transport rate combinations and highlight the need to corroborate statistical model results with a robust conceptual model and complementary information such as groundwater age.
Modeling of E. coli distribution for hazard assessment of bathing waters affected by combined sewer overflows
Authors: Locatelli Luca , Russo Beniamino , Acero Oliete Alejandro , Sánchez Catalán Juan Carlos , Martínez-Gomariz Eduardo , Martínez Montse
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) affect bathing water
quality of receiving water bodies by bacterial pollution. The aim of this
study is to assess the health hazard of bathing waters affected by CSOs.
This is useful for bathing water managers, for risk assessment purposes, and
for further impact and economic assessments. Pollutant hazard was
evaluated based on two novel indicators proposed in this study: the mean
duration of insufficient bathing water quality (1) over a period of time
(i.e., several years) and (2) after single CSO/rain events. In particular, a
novel correlation between the duration of seawater pollution and the event
rainfall volume was developed. Pollutant hazard was assessed through a coupled urban drainage and seawater quality model that was
developed, calibrated and validated based on local observations.
Furthermore, hazard assessment was based on a novel statistical analysis of
continuous simulations over a 9-year period using the coupled model.
Finally, a validation of the estimated hazard is also shown. The health
hazard was evaluated for the case study of Badalona (Spain) even though the
methodology presented can be considered generally applicable to other urban
areas and related receiving bathing water bodies. The case study presented
is part of the EU-funded H2020 project BINGO (Bringing INnovation to OnGOing
water management – a better future under climate change).
A model for French-press experiments of dry snow compaction
Authors: Meyer Colin R. , Keegan Kaitlin M. , Baker Ian , Hawley Robert L.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Snow densification stores water in alpine regions and transforms snow into ice on the surface of glaciers. Despite its importance in determining snow-water equivalent and glacier-induced sea level rise, we still lack a complete understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying snow compaction. In essence, compaction is a rheological process, where the rheology evolves with depth due to variation in temperature, pressure, humidity, and meltwater. The rheology of snow compaction can be determined in a few ways, for example, through empirical investigations (e.g., Herron and Langway, 1980), by microstructural considerations (e.g., Alley, 1987), or by measuring the rheology directly, which is the approach we take here. Using a French-press or cafetière-à-piston compression stage, Wang and Baker (2013) compressed numerous snow samples of different densities. Here we derive a mixture theory for compaction and airflow through the porous snow to compare against these experimental data. We find that a plastic compaction law explains experimental results. Taking standard forms for the permeability and effective pressure as functions of the porosity, we show that this compaction mode persists for a range of densities and overburden loads. These findings suggest that measuring compaction in the lab is a promising direction for determining the rheology of snow through its many stages of densification.
New insights into the drainage of inundated Arctic polygonal tundra using fundamental hydrologic principles
Authors: Harp Dylan R. , Zlotnik Vitaly , Abolt Charles J. , Newman Brent D. , Atchley Adam L. , Jafarov Elchin , Wilson Cathy J.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The pathways and timing of drainage from inundated ice-wedge polygon centers in a warming climate have important implications for carbon flushing, advective heat transport, and transitions from carbon dioxide to methane dominated emissions. This research helps to understand this process by providing the first in-depth analysis of drainage from a single polygon based on fundamental hydrogeological principles. We use a recently developed analytical solution to evaluate the effects of polygon aspect ratios (radius to thawed depth) and hydraulic conductivity anisotropy (horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity) on drainage pathways and temporal depletion of ponded water heights of inundated ice-wedge polygon centers. By varying the polygon aspect ratio, we evaluate the effect of polygon size (width), inter-annual increases in active layer thickness, and seasonal increases in thaw depth on drainage. One of the primary insights from the model is that most inundated ice-wedge polygon drainage occurs along an annular region of the polygon center near the rims. This implies that inundated polygons are most intensely flushed by drainage in an annular region along their horizontal periphery, with implications for transport of nutrients (such as dissolved organic carbon) and advection of heat towards ice wedge tops. The model indicates that polygons with large aspect ratios and high anisotropy will have the most distributed drainage. Polygons with large aspect ratio and low anisotropy will have their drainage most focused near the their periphery and will drain most slowly. Polygons with small aspect ratio and high anisotropy will drain most quickly.
Nonlinearity in the tropospheric pathway of ENSO to the North Atlantic
Authors: Jiménez-Esteve Bernat , Domeisen Daniela I. V.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can exert a remote impact on North Atlantic and European (NAE) winter climate. This teleconnection is driven by the superposition and interaction of different influences, which are generally grouped into two main pathways, namely the tropospheric and stratospheric pathways. In this study, we focus on the tropospheric pathway through the North Pacific and across the North American continent. Due to the possible nonstationary behavior and the limited time period covered by reanalysis datasets, the potential nonlinearity of this pathway remains unclear. In order to address this question, we use a simplified physics atmospheric model forced with seasonally varying prescribed sea surface temperatures (SST) following the evolution of different ENSO phases with linearly varying strength at a fixed location. To isolate the tropospheric pathway the zonal mean stratospheric winds are nudged towards the model climatology. The model experiments indicate that the tropospheric pathway of ENSO to the North Atlantic exhibits significant nonlinearity with respect to the tropical SST forcing, both in terms of the location and amplitude of the impacts. For example, strong El Niño leads to a significantly stronger impact on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) than a La Niña forcing of the same amplitude. For La Niña forcings, there is a saturation in the response, with no further increase in the NAO impact even when doubling the SST forcing, while this is not the case for El Niño. These findings may have important consequences for long-range prediction of the North Atlantic and Europe.
Stratospheric influence on marine cold air outbreaks in the Barents Sea
Authors: Afargan-Gerstman Hilla , Polkova Iuliia , Papritz Lukas , Ruggieri Paolo , King Martin P. , Athanasiadis Panos J. , Baehr Johanna , Domeisen Daniela I. V.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Marine cold air outbreaks (MCAOs) in the Arctic are associated with a range of severe weather phenomena, such as polar lows, strong surface winds and intense cooling of the ocean surface. While MCAO frequency has been linked to the strength of the stratospheric polar vortex, a connection to the occurrence of extreme stratospheric events, known as sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), has dominantly been investigated with respect to cold extremes over land. Here, the influence of SSW events on MCAOs in the Barents Sea is studied using observational and reanalysis datasets. Overall, more than a half of SSW events lead to more frequent MCAOs in the Barents Sea. SSW events with an enhanced MCAO response in the Barents Sea are associated with a ridge over Greenland and a trough over Scandinavia, leading to an anomalous dipole pattern of 500-hPa geopotential height and strong northerly flow over the Norwegian Sea. As SSW events tend to have a long-term influence on surface weather, these results can shed light on the predictability of MCAOs in the Arctic for winters with SSW events.
Da virtude à política
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe Augusto
Published: May 2020

Este artigo trata da história do pensamento político no século XIV. Ele faz um estudo propedêutico à primeira parte do tratado De regimine rectoris, do franciscano Paulino de Veneza, datado de c. 1314. O problema que discute é o da correlação entre moral e política na validação de um governo considerado bom e legítimo. Ele se alinha à tese de que os pensadores medievais não atribuíram o sucesso ou fracasso do governo a aspectos formais como as instituições, mas à moralidade do homem social, materializada na pessoa do governante (rector). Destarte, o objetivo do trabalho é mostrar de que modo autores como Paulino descreveram, em termos de virtudes e vícios, as características do bom e do mau governante, fazendo a moral concorrer para a legitimação da política. O método empregado na leitura da obra é a análise conceitual; por meio dela o texto espera oferecer ao leitor uma perspectiva de como os pensadores medievais postulavam uma relação inextricável entre moral e política.
El rey molinista pensado por don Juan Manuel en El libro de los estados
Authors: Loureiro Ángel Salgado
Published: May 2020

Cuando don Juan Manuel compuso El libro de los estados, entre 1327 y 1330, fue testigo del proceso de fortalecimiento del poder regio de Alfonso XI, que se desarrolló en detrimento del poder nobiliario. Si atendemos a la imagen del rey que se presenta en el texto, vemos que se define, entre otras cosas, por su sometimiento ante la ley y por la corresponsabilidad con la nobleza en el ejercicio del poder. De este modo, se puede comprender que don Juan Manuel, productor cultural y actor político de su tiempo, reaccionó ante el proyecto de Alfonso XI recuperando algunos valores del marco político-cultural molinista de la época de Fernando IV en la que se formó.
Is God a Phenomenon? A dialogue between Kierkegaard and Jean-Luc Marion
Authors: Santana Wellington José
Published: May 2020

The present article analyses critically the paradox of phenomenon claimed by Danish Philosopher Kierkegaard and Marion’s new concept named saturated phenomenon. While the concept of God, by definition, must surpass the realm of empiricism, perhaps the something may shed light over what God must be: Excess. However, Marion developed a new concept of phenomenon that not only occupies the immanence world, but also goes beyond. It is called saturated phenomenon. In order to address the question one might understand the limit of the givenness and then what does it mean saturated givenness. We probably all have had the sense of being overwhelmed by something and this can lead toward a sense of torpor or numbness. In the other hand, Kierkegaard affirms that God is so different than a human being, so totally other that we may think we’re right in demanding God make himself understood and be reasonable towards us. Kierkegaard upholds that we’re always dealing with God in the wrong way. I will argue that Marion, however, following phenomenological footsteps indicates a new path toward how to address God properly.

 

Key words: Paradox; Saturated phenomenon; freedom; Excess.
Blocking the Third Man Argument
Authors: Kubiszeski Guilherme
Published: May 2020

Há um conhecido argumento contra o realismo acerca dos universais. De acordo com ele, tal realismo conduz a um regresso ao infinito. Este artigo visa a mostrar que é possível bloquear o regresso sem lançar mão de recursos argumentativos ad hoc. Algumas considerações sobre a forma lógica de frases relacionais contendo termos que se referem a propriedades e relações mostram como substituir a forma viciosa de regresso por uma menos problemática.
A querela entre Helvétius e Diderot: distintos entendimentos sobre desenvolvimento humano e moral.
Authors: Ferraz Milek Camila Sant'Ana Vieira
Published: May 2020

Existe uma reconhecida proximidade entre os materialistas franceses do século XVIII que teria se mostrado tanto em investigações sobre a natureza quanto à moral e organização pública. Porém, as divergências entre eles podem desencadear um entendimento muito diferente sobre como se considera uma sociedade. Por isso é necessário analisar no detalhe tais divergências para determinar seu ponto nevrálgico. O presente artigo dedica-se à investigação das críticas feitas por Diderot à Helvétius, reunidas em Réfutations d’Helvétius (DIDEROT,1783). Para tanto, centra-se na distinta concepção da natureza da sensibilidade humana e sua importância para o desenvolvimento humano no que concerne à educação e a moral.
APRECIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DOS MODELOS DE ESTIMATIVA DO TEMPO DE CONCENTRAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO PARAÍBA DO MEIO/AL
Authors: Santos André Gonçalo dos , Amorim Ricardo Ferreira Carlos , Pinho Vinicius Nunes
Published: May 2020

Uma das medidas não estruturais adotadas como instrumento favorável a mitigação dos danos provocados pelas enchentes e inundações em uma bacia hidrográfica de acordo com a literatura, são os sistemas de alertas. Neste contexto, o Tempo de Concentração é uma componente determinante na antecipação das ondas de cheias em estudos de modelagem hidrológicas. Este termo mostra a velocidade com que a bacia hidrográfica responde a um evento de chuva e é definido como o tempo necessário para que uma parcela da chuva precipitada no ponto mais distante da bacia contribua em uma seção de saída. Por isto, na literatura são encontrados diversos modelos empíricos (Equações), o que tem gerado dúvidas quanto a sua aplicação e qual modelo utilizar. Por consequência, foi usado neste estudo um conjunto de 10 (dez) modelos (Equações) no sentido de comparar ao um valor de referência (Tempo de Concentração estimado via hidrograma/heitograma) na bacia hidrográfica do rio Paraíba do Meio. Os resultados demonstraram forte divergência entre os modelos empíricos e o valor de referência, com uma acentuada subestimação, porém observou-se uma maior sensibilidade entre pares de modelos.
A DIVERSIDADE DE EXPERIÊNCIAS DE RECUPERAÇÃO FLORESTAL PRATI-CADA POR AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES DO NORDESTE DO PARÁ
Authors: Carneiro Renan do Vale , Navegantes-Alves Lívia de Freitas
Published: May 2020

Os agricultores familiares do Nordeste do Pará tradicionalmente desenvolvem práticas de recuperação florestal em seus lotes, e mais recentemente vem adaptando-as. Nesta pesquisa buscou-se realizar uma caracterização dos tipos de recuperação florestal, analisando a existência de relações entre os tipos praticados e as percepções ambientais destes sujeitos. Para isso, a pesquisa apoiou-se em princípios da interdisciplinaridade e da abordagem sistêmica, e assim realizou um levantamento de sessenta experiências em quatro municípios da Mesorregião Nordeste do Pará, Brasil. A partir da realização de uma tipologia da recuperação florestal compreendeu-se as peculiaridades dessas experiências, destacando as principais percepções e motivações dos agricultores. Assim, foram encontrados cinco principais tipos de recuperação florestal praticados na região: Regeneração natural, Quintal agroflorestal e os três tipos de sistemas agroflorestais (Pouco diversificado, Diversificado e Altamente diversificado). Concluiu-se, portanto, que existe um quadro de recuperação florestal no Nordeste do Pará inspirado em novas percepções socioambientais e motivações de diferentes ordens. Esse movimento de recuperação florestal parece apontar um novo caminho produtivo para a Amazônia Oriental.
POTENCIAL MICROBIOLÓGICO EM ÁREA DE FLORESTA E PASTAGEM: ESTUDO DE CASO DO Bacillus Cereus NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO - AMAZÔNIA SUL OCIDENTAL
Authors: Nunes Adriana Cristina da Silva , Nery Adriely Ferreira da Costa , Silva Selma Maria de Arruda , Matos Najla Benevides
Published: May 2020

A bacia do rio São Francisco constitui um reservatório natural de vida e proliferação de bactérias no solo. O objetivo foi identificar o Bacilus cereus em amostras de solo. A hipótese da pesquisa foi pautada na influência do processo de desmatamento, que desencadeia o fator de virulência do B. cereus em área de pasto, comparado com área de floresta independente do tipo de solo. A coleta foi realizada em áreas de floresta e de pastagem na profundidade de 0-20cm. Os atributos analisados foram pH, MO, P, K, Ca, Mg, H+Al, Al, CTC, m, v, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. O isolamento do B. cereus seguiu o método clássico descrito pela World Organization (1985). A presença da bactéria foi detectada através da extração de DNA a partir do método de Fenol Clorofórmio, seguido da técnica de PCR, e eletroforese. O resultado para a classificação textural foram Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, Neossolo Litólico, e Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo, cujo pH variou de 4,6 a 4,7. Em área de floresta o desvio padrão foi de 24,3 demonstrando dispersão significativa quanto à matéria orgânica. A mesma tipologia de solo pode não ser fator determinante para indicar a presença do B. cereus quanto ao gene nheB.
AS AS METAMORFOSES DO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO EM MOSSORÓ/RN: PARA QUÊ? PARA QUEM?
Authors: Júnior Americo Barreto Damascena , Soaraes Jamilson Azevedo
Published: May 2020

O espaço público dos centros urbanos, ao longo do tempo, vem passando por ressignificações em seu sentido, tanto em escala global e local, ora por incompreensões acerca de sua essência e representatividade u por suas formas de usos pelos distintos agentes. Esse estudo tem por objetivo abordar as diversas formas de usos e apropriação do espaço público no Centro da cidade de Mossoró/RN e ressaltar a atuação do poder público sobre essa questão. Para isso foram realizadas revisão de literatura em livros, trabalhos monográficos e informações em sites, bem como visitas in loco com o intuito de se observar e averiguar quais áreas do Centro da cidade são mais propensas a essas ocupações e, quais os principais agentes envolvidos e as atividades que são desempenhadas nesses ambientes. Constatamos como principais formas de uso e ocupação do espaço público as práticas informais de comércio por ambulantes, assim como o uso periódico desses espaços por empresas de festas, feirão de carros, parques de diversões etc. O presente estudo revelou que há um comportamento dúbio quanto as diferentes formas de tratamento dos órgãos públicos para com os usos dos agentes espaciais que atuam no Centro da cidade de Mossoró/RN, oscilando entre a aceitação/omissão para com uns ou então com a expulsão ou ameaça da aplicação da legislação para outros.
VARIAÇÃO TERMO-HIGROMÉTRICA ENTRE AMBIENTES URBANOS DE ÁREA TROPICAL CONTINENTAL: ANÁLISE DA PRIMAVERA DE 2018 EM ITUIUTABA - MG
Authors: Araújo Foli Ana Cristina , Luiz Gislaine Cristina
Published: May 2020

Este estudo apresenta análise sobre o clima urbano de Ituiutaba-MG, cidade de porte médio, com o objetivo de relacionar fatores geoambientais e urbanos na estrutura termo-higrométrica da cidade e na identificação de ilhas de calor urbana. A metodologia para as medidas da temperatura e da umidade relativa do ar foi a do transecto móvel (MONTEIRO, 1976; MENDONÇA, 1994) e, em dois pontos fixos, de 18 a 25 de outubro de 2018 às 09h00, 15h00 e 21h00. Obteve-se informações da Estação Meteorológica do INMET e cartas sinóticas, obtidas no site da Marinha do Brasil, com o objetivo de identificar os sistemas atmosféricos atuantes e a formação e intensidade das ilhas de calor (GOMEZ, 1993). As análises indicaram formação de ilhas de calor de fraca a muito forte. No período da manhã (09h00), nas áreas centrais da cidade, o aquecimento foi maior com a identificação de ilhas de calor de intensidade forte a muito forte, enquanto as menores temperaturas foram registradas em áreas mais periféricas, intensidades fracas e moderadas. As intensidades das ilhas de calor às 15h00 foram de forte a muito forte e, no período noturno, fraca e moderada. Ressalta-se a importância de estudos desta natureza em cidades de porte médio.
Arte, educação contemporânea e cultura visual: diálogos convergentes na mediação online
Authors: Santos Noeli Batista dos , Cabral Valéria Fabiane Braga Ferreira
Published: May 2020

O presente texto apresenta possibilidades apropriação e o reconhecimento do ambiente digital como “locus” privilegiado de experiências para a construção e o compartilhamento de aprendizagens delineadas pelo ensino de arte e estudos da Cultura Visual, em cursos online, no âmbito da pesquisa e extensão universitária, ofertados nos anos de 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016 e 2019. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de um estudo de caso que está sendo desenvolvido a partir de ações implementadas pelo Programa de Extensão Arte na Escola ? Polo Goiás. Nesse processo, reconhecemos os caminhos pelos quais transitamos e destacamos três desafios que nos orientam para a continuidade e ampliação dessas ações: deslocamento, inclusão e pertencimento. Portanto, constatamos que é possível uma educação contemporânea para pensar e (re)criar práticas pedagógicas convergentes, com as dimensões pedagógica e investigativa, para a construção de conhecimento em ambientes de ensino mediados pelas TICE.