bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Variants at Low Level in Dairy Products by High-Resolution Top-Down Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Aveilla Nina , Feraudet-Tarisse Cécile , Marcé Dominique , Fatihi Abdelhak , Fenaille François , Hennekinne Jacques-Antoine , Simon Stéphanie , Nia Yacine , Becher François
Published: December 2024

Food poisoning outbreaks frequently involve staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs). SEs include 33 distinct types and multiple sequence variants per SE type. Various mass spectrometry methods have been reported for the detection of SEs using a conventional bottom-up approach. However, the bottom-up approach cannot differentiate between all sequence variants due to partial sequence coverage, and it requires a long trypsin digestion time. While the alternative top-down approach can theoretically identify any sequence modifications, it generally provides lower sensitivity. In this study, we optimized top-down mass spectrometry conditions and incorporated a fully 15N-labeled SEA spiked early in the protocol to achieve sensitivity and repeatability comparable to bottom-up approaches. After robust immunoaffinity purification of the SEA, mass spectrometry signals were acquired on a Q-Orbitrap instrument operated in full-scan mode and targeted acquisition by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), enabling the identification of sequence variants and precise quantification of SEA. The protocol was evaluated in liquid and solid dairy products and demonstrated detection limits of 0.5 ng/mL or ng/g in PRM and 1 ng/mL or ng/g in full-scan mode for milk and Roquefort cheese. The top-down method was successfully applied to various dairy products, allowing discrimination of contaminated versus non-contaminated food, quantification of SEA level and identification of the variant involved.
Unique Nucleotide Polymorphism of African Swine Fever Virus Circulating in East Asia and Central Russia
Authors: Chernyshev Roman , Mazloum Ali , Zinyakov Nikolay , Kolbin Ivan , Shotin Andrey , Korennoy Fedor I. , Sprygin Alexander V. , Chvala Ilya A. , Igolkin Alexey
Published: December 2024

The lack of data on the whole-genome analysis of genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates significantly hinders our understanding of its molecular evolution, and as a result, the range of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) necessary to describe a more accurate and complete scheme of its circulation. In this regard, this study aimed to identify unique SNPs, conduct phylogenetic analysis, and determine the level of homology of isolates obtained in the period from 2019 to 2022 in the central and eastern regions of Russia. Twenty-one whole-genome sequences of genotype II ASFV isolates were assembled, analyzed, and submitted to GenBank. The isolates in eastern Russia form two clades, “Amur 2022” and “Asia”. Within the latter clade, five subclusters can be distinguished, each characterized by a unique set of SNPs and indels. The isolates from the central regions of Russia (2019; 2021) form the “Center of Russia” clade, with two subclusters, “Bryansk 2021” and “Center of Russia 2021” (bootstrap confidence index = 99). The presence of the previously unique genetic variant ASFV for the Kaliningrad region in the wild boar population of the Khabarovsk region (eastern Russia; 2021) has also been confirmed.
Demographics of Feline Lymphoma in Australian Cat Populations: 1705 Cases
Authors: Bennett Peter , Williamson Peter , Taylor Rosanne
Published: December 2024

Lymphoma is the most common haematopoietic cancer in cats with few large studies evaluating breed and sex as risk factors for the disease. Australia’s geographic isolation and quarantine rules have led to a potentially restricted genetic pool and, currently, there have not been any large local epidemiological studies reported. A total of 1705 lymphoma cases were identified from several sources and compared to a reference population of 85,741 cats, and represent cats that are presented to veterinary clinics. Odds ratios were calculated for each breed that included lymphoma cases, as well as sex, retroviral status, and immunophenotype. The distributions of age and weight in the lymphoma and control populations and proportions of lymphoma cases in anatomic locations were compared. Eight breeds were identified as displaying increased potential risk of lymphoma and three at decreased risk. Male cats were found to be at increased risk (OR 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1 to 1.3, p = 0.002). The lymphoma cases were older, with a median age of 11.7 years compared to 9.0 years (p < 0.0001), and weighed less, with a median weight of 3.7 kg compared to 4.0 kg (p = 0.010), than the control population. Several breeds were found to have significant variations in the proportions of anatomical presentations including the Siamese, Burmilla, Australian mist, ragdoll, British shorthair, and domestic cats. These findings require confirmation in future studies that address the limitations of this study, as outlined in the discussion.
Novel Screen System Improvement Methodology for Flood and Diffuse Pollution Control: Demonstration via a Case Study
Authors: Scholz Miklas
Published: December 2024

Screen systems are often neglected in practice. This can lead to local flooding, pollution of receiving watercourses, blockages of channels by debris, and safety problems for children playing. The aim of this case study is therefore to protect below-ground channels and people, prevent flooding, improve water quality, and save personnel costs through a new screen system maintenance, repair, and upgrade methodology. The results show that repairing or enlarging the screens optimizes their functionality and reduces the risk of flooding. A particular focus is on increasing the screen dimension from one- and two-dimensional to three-dimensional screens. The new variable safety priority and the bar spacing increase with the passage area. Screens at large discharges should therefore be prioritized. Cleaning sand traps reduces the risk of pipe blockages and improves the water quality of receiving waters. Fine particles often have too high nutrient and oxygen demand values. The installation of pre-screens can increase the efficiency of the main screens. Optimization of travel routes for maintenance teams can be achieved by better planning maintenance routes. Adapting and maintaining screens to climate change by applying the novel prioritization method is likely to be successful. This should include prioritized inspections, repairs, and adjustments to screen structures.
Application Research of a High Turbulence Numerical Simulation Technique in a USBR Type III Stilling Basin
Authors: Meng Xiao , Zhang Chao , Zhang Bin , Wu Xiao , Wang Wei , Wang Haoyu , Hu Yawei , Benson David
Published: December 2024

In view of the energy dissipation design of the USBR Type III stilling basin, which is characterized by intense turbulent flow and complex flow patterns, a reliable mathematical model and calculation method is used to track and record the changes of flow parameters during fluid movement. The results of flow movement can be obtained, and the changes to the whole and local parameters of the flow field can be accurately simulated. Using the case of the discharge sluice stilling basin of the flood storage ecological treatment project of Jinchang Industrial Base in Gansu Province, this paper simulates the flow pattern through numerical calculation, thereby saving labor and material costs. The design cycle is also greatly shortened compared with the physical model test, and the technique has good repeatability, controllability, convenient optimization design, and provides technical support and quality assurance for complex energy dissipation problems.
THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURASIL AND TURKISH PROPOLIS EXRACT ON EPGF AND KRAS EXPERSSIONS AND APOPTOTIC CASCADE CHANGING IN RAT COLON CANCER MODEL
Authors: Kurtdede Efe , Alçığır Mehmet Eray , Şahin Yaşar
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Turkish propolis extract on the colon cancer model induced by azoxymethane (AOM) in Wistar rats. Study groups were designed as cancer group (AOM), control group, AOM+5-FU group, AOM+propolis group, AOM+Propolis+5-FU group. The findings showed that there was a significant decrease in WBC, and lymphocyte levels in the treatment groups AOM+5FU and AOM+Propolis+5FU compared to the AOM group (p˂0.0001, p˂0.005, respectively). The decrease in TAS level and increase in TOS level (p˂0.0001) were found to be significant in the AOM+Propolis+5FU group compared to the AOM group (p˂0.0001). Compared to the the AOM group, caspase-3, caspase-8 and Bax levels were significantly increased and BCL-2 level was significantly lower in the 5 AOM+Propolis+5FU group (p˂0.0001, p˂0.05, p˂0.0001, p˂0.0001, respectively). In the 5-FU and propolis used-therapy groups, decreased anaplasia in colonic cells. In conclusion, we strongly believe that as a chemotherapeutic, 5-FU, and propolis might have a stopper effect on cellular anaplasia over extrinsic apoptotical pathway. We also believe that this antiproliferative effect on cellular anaplasia can appear if the combined therapy is preferred. The therapeutic dose selection is clearly important for this.
Prediction of the Residual Life of Ball Tube Mills
Authors: Bondarenko J. , Bestuzheva O. , Baranov D. , Romanovich A.
Published: December 2024

An important stage of optimization and development of enterprises is to increase the reliability of equipment during operation. Frequent need for repair of grinding equipment in the building materials industry entails long downtimes. The main objectives of the optimization stage are: determining the main factors influencing the occurrence of malfunctions and establishing rational modes of equipment operation. To assess the operational potential of the equipment, the probability of failure-free operation, reducing the time of repair downtime and increasing the service life between repairs, it is necessary to predict the residual service life of the equipment based on the method of approximating the change in the parameters of its technical condition during operation. For this purpose, there is an algorithm for the functioning of the monitoring and control system for the technical condition of parts and assemblies of ball tube mills, which allows estimating the parameters with an error of 9%. Only when a given set of factors is fulfilled is it possible to predict the residual service life. Step-by-step collection of information on the dependence of direct and indirect parameters of the technical condition of the mill, a training experiment and alternative approaches are necessary for statistical processing of the obtained data, determining the parameters of the distribution function and estimating the confidence probability with a minimum sample size from the general population. When conducting periodic monitoring of the technical condition indicators of the journal of the support unit, it is necessary to take into account the errors of the measuring instruments, the method of performing the research, etc.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RELIABILITY OF REINFORCING FRAME UNITS OF BUILDING METAL STRUCTURES UNDER REPEATED STATIC LOADS
Authors: Al' Sabaei A. , Absimetov V.
Published: December 2024

One of the primary causes of structural weakening and subsequent destruction is fatigue strength, which is heavily influenced by the intensity, consistency, and extent of damage from loads. The strength of welded seams is determined by the height of the leg in the joints, as it relates to the material's transition to deformation and movement of structural components under cyclic stress. Strengthening involves a series of actions aimed at enhancing the load-bearing capacity of structures, ensuring their continued reliable operation, and meeting operational demands. The increase in load-bearing capacity during reinforcement can be attributed to higher loads or physical wear and tear due to extended or improper use. Strengthening can be performed post-disassembly, in situ after unloading temporary and permanent loads (excluding self-weight), without dismantling structures under stress. Economically, this method is more efficient as it minimizes downtime. Modeling the behavior of building metal structures' frame units under dynamic loads includes variations in fillet weld leg height and residual welding stress impact on unit performance.
MODIFICATION OF CONCRETE FROM GROUTING CEMENT WITH ADDITIVES BASED ON LECITHIN EXTRACTION WASTE
Authors: Kharlamov V. , Lopanov A. , Dement'ev K. , Sysoev P.
Published: December 2024

In the course of this work, the strength characteristics and phase composition of cement stone made from grouting cement with the addition of lecithin extraction waste were investigated. It has been established that an additive based on technical lecithin in a concentration of up to 0.1% contributes to a significant increase in the strength characteristics of the cement material. By analyzing powder X-ray diffraction patterns of cement stone with the addition of technical lecithin, an increase in the intensity of the peaks of cement hydration products and an increase in the crystallinity of the sample were revealed. The appearance of a new phase of okenite is also observed, which can have a positive effect on the strength of the material. When the additive concentration increases above 0.1%, a decrease in strength characteristics is observed, presumably due to an increase in the porosity of the cement stone. The study showed that the optimal concentration of technical lecithin to improve strength properties is 0.1%. The results of this study suggest that the use of lecithin extraction waste as an additive in cement compositions may be an effective way to recycle this waste while improving the properties of the cement material. Further research will be aimed at optimizing the composition of additives and studying their long-term effect on the performance characteristics of cement compositions.
Türkiye'nin En Küçük İli Olan ve Göç Sıralamasında Öncelikli Şehirlerden Yalova’da Akciğer Tüberkülozu Tanısı Alan Hastaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kaya Gülsüm , Gürer Giray Burcu , Köse Kabil Neslihan , Uysal Deniz , Ergenç Zeynep , Ergenç Hasan , Arıca Vefik , Altinkiran Eyyüp
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amaç iç göçün Akciğer Tüberküloz (TB) epidemiyolojisine etkisini incelemek ve TB hastalarının sosyodemografik özelliklerini, tanı ve tedavi süreçlerini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma Yalova Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (YEAH)’nde yürütüldü. Çalışmaya başlamadan önce gerekli kurum izinleri alındı. 2022-2024 arasında takip edilen TB hastalarına ait veriler, hastane bilgi sistem yönetimi üzerinden retrospektif olarak incelendi. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 programında analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Akciğer TB hastalarının (n:40) %73’ü erkek olup; yaş ortalaması 55’tir. Hastaların %68’i Yalova ilinde yaşarken; %32’si Yalova çevresi illerde ikamet etmektedir. Hastaların %78’i en az bir kronik hastalığa sahip olmakla birlikte görülen kronik hastalıklar sırasıyla hipertansiyon, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı ve diyabetes mellitustur. Hastaların %93’ünün radyolojik görüntülemesinde TB lehine bulgular görülmüş olup bu hastaların balgam örneklerinde Aside Dirençli Basil (ARB) pozitiflik oranı %60; TB kültür pozitiflik oranı %87’dir. Mikobakteri epidemiyolojisi değerlendirildiğinde; klinik örneklerin %77’sinde Mycobacterium tuberculosis kompleks izole edilirken; %23’ünde TB dışı mikobakteri izole edildi. TB hastalarının %23’ünün TB tedavisi devam ederken, %60’ının TB tedavisi tamamlanmış olup; hastaların %17’si ise tedavi sürecinde ex olduğu görüldü. Hastaların %11’inde HBsAg pozitifliği ve %4’ünde Anti HIV pozitifliği saptandı.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda YEAH’a başvuran akciğer TB hastalarının en fazla oranda erkek cinsiyet olduğu, yaş ortalamasının yüksek olduğu ve kronik hastalık varlığına sahip bireyler olduğu görülmüştür. ARB pozitifliğinin orta düzeyde, kültür pozitifliğinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. TB ülkemizde hala ciddi bir hastalıktır ve son yıllarda artan göç oranları nedeniyle vaka sayısının da artacağı öngörülmektedir. Göç alan illerin uygun alt yapı ve çevre düzenlemesi yapılmalı, hijyen eksikliği giderilmeli ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin sürekliliği sağlanmalıdır.
Determinants of Patient-Centered Communication, Its Impact On Quality of Services, Overall Health Status And Trust In The Healthcare System In The United States
Authors: Çakmak Cuma , Biçer İsmail
Published: December 2024

Aim; Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to reveal the factors affecting the level of patient-centred communication of the participants through the data of American cancer patients, and to reveal the effect of patient-centred communication on health service quality, general health status and patients' trust in the health system.
Method; This study was descriptive and cross-sectional. In the study population, t-tests and ANOVA tests were used. Multiple regression analyses were performed using the data obtained from 900 cancer patients who were research participants.
Results; Patient-centred communication levels of cancer patients did not differ according to gender, occupation, family history of cancer, marital status and education variables, but PCC levels differed according to income variables. Patient-centred communication positively affects service quality, health status and trust in the health system.
Conclusion; Patient-centred communication positively affects health outcomes. Patient-centered communication should be used effectively in healthcare. Various communication channels such as telephone, e-mail, mobile applications and online platforms should be offered to meet patients' needs. Likewise, surveys, comment boxes and digital feedback systems should be established to measure patient satisfaction and receive feedback
سلوك ومحددات نسبة العملة المتداولة إلى ودائع تحت الطلب: بعض الأدلة التطبيقية من الكويت
Authors: المطيري نايف حمد
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تبيان سلوك نسبة العملة المتداولة إلى ودائع تحت الطلب في بلد مصدر للنفط كالكويت وذلك في الفترة 1972-1996. ومن أجل تحقيق هذا الغرض، قامت الدراسة بتوظيف نموذج للتعديل الجزئي. وبهدف التخلص من مشكلة الانحدار الزائف. لجأت الدراسة قبل تقدير معدلات الانحدار باستخدام مستويات المتغيرات، إلى تطبيق اختبارات أحادية الجذر والتكامل المشترك للتأكد من أن جميع البيانات المستخدمة ساكنة. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى نتيجتين غاية في الأهمية وهي أولاً أن معدل التضخم وسعر الفائدة وبدرجة أقل الناتج المحلي الحقيقي تعد محددات مهمة لدالة نسبة العملة المتداولة إلى ودائع الطلب في الكويت، وهذه النتيجة لها انعكاسات مهمة على تنفيذ السياسة النقدية. وثانياً أن بعض فترات عدم الاستقرار كفترة الغزو العراقي لدولة الكويت لم يكن لها تأثيراً يذكر على النسبة ولم يترتب عليها بالتالي انتقال الدالة إلى أعلى.
أثر النوع والمستوى الدراسي في دوافع الاستهلاك لدى طلبة الجامعات الأردنية
Authors: حوامدة مصطفى محمود , مقداد يونس عبدالعزيز
Published: December 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى اختبار أثر النوع والمستوى الدراسي لطلبة الجامعات الأردنية في دوافع سلوكهم الاستهلاكي. واستخدمت الدراسة أداة قياس تضمنت العديد من القضايا موزعة على ثلاثة محاور هي: الدافع الشخصي، الدافع الاجتماعي، والدافع الاقتصادي. وقد أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات الأداة ككل وعلى الدافع الاقتصادي على وجه التحديد حيث ترجع إلى اختلاف النوع، بينما أظهرت الدراسة فروقاً ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المتوسطات على بعدي الدافع الشخصي والدافع الاجتماعي الأولى لصالح الذكور، والثانية لصالح الإناث، كما أظهرت النتائج فروقاً في المتوسطات ذات دلالة إحصائية ترجع إلى الفرق بين المستوى الدراسي لطلبة السنة الرابعة والسنة الأولى. وقد أعاد البحث هذه الفروق إلى التنشئة الاجتماعية وإلى مراحل النمو في شخصية الطالب نتيجة تقدمهم في السن والمستوى التعليمي.
الاستقلالية المهنية للأطباء العاملين في مستشفيات مدينة الرياض: دراسة تطبيقية
Authors: الأحمدي حنان عبدالرحيم
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى قياس الاستقلالية المهنية للأطباء العاملين في المستشفيات الحكومية والخاصة في مدينة الرياض. تعرف الاستقلالية المهنية بأنها حرية اتخاذ قرارات الرعاية الطبية بدون تدخل أو تأثير خارجي، وتقاس من خلال خمسة مؤشرات هي: القدرة على استخدام إمكانات المستشفى، حرية التحكم بجدول العمل، التأثير في مجريات الأمور في المنظمة، عدم تدخل الآخرين في قرارات الرعاية، عدم تأثر هذه القرارات بالاعتبارات المالية. أظهرت النتائج أن الأطباء يتمتعون بدرجة متوسطة إلى عالية من الاستقلالية المهنية، وأن هذه الدرجة تتفاوت وفقاً للجنس والجنسية ونمط المنظمة والمرتبة الوظيفية.
PERSEPSI ORANG MUDA KATOLIK TERHADAP REKSA PASTORAL SEBAGAI SARANA PERWUJUDAN IMAN
Authors: Adi Paulus Yosan Kurnia , Wijaya Albert I Ketut Deni
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the perceptions of young Catholics towards pastoral care as a means to realize faith. Using quantitative methods, data were collected from 54 respondents in the Santa Maria Parish, Blitar. The results showed that the majority of respondents understood pastoral care as a form of pastoral mission in meeting the needs of the congregation and playing an important role in developing faith. Additionally, the research identified key factors influencing young people's engagement in pastoral activities, including theological understanding, personal experiences, and community support. The findings highlight the significance of adapting pastoral approaches to resonate with the values and expectations of the youth. This study is expected to provide insight for the church in facing modern challenges and increasing the involvement of young people in church life, ultimately fostering a more vibrant and active faith community.
Efectos de la punción seca en el síndrome de dolor miofascial del cuadrante superior
Authors: Garita Meneses Geovanny Alex , Araya Vargas Gerardo , Solano Mora Luis Carlos
Published: December 2024

La punción seca (PS) es una modalidad de tratamiento donde se inserta una aguja en el tejido muscular para producir un efecto analgésico, sin ningún tipo de medicamento. Actualmente existe controversia con respecto a su efectividad a corto, mediano y largo plazo con respecto al alivio del dolor, cuando es comparada con otros tipos de fisioterapia.
Objetivo:
Explorar la evidencia científica con respecto a la efectividad que tiene la PS para reducir el dolor de origen miofascial, a corto plazo (0 a 7días), a mediano plazo (de 8 a 31 días) y a largo plazo (más de 31 días), en la zona del cuadrante superior, comparado con otros tipos de fisioterapia y determinar cuál es el número de sesiones semanales de PS más utilizado.
Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, PEDro y SPORTDiscus. Se encontraron 391 artículos, los cuales fueron filtrados mediante criterios de inclusión y exclusión, dando como resultado 7 artículos para metaanalizar.
Resultados: se realizaron un total de 5 metaanálisis. Tres metaanálisis evaluaron los efectos de la PS en el dolor con la escala visual análoga a corto plazo (0 a 7 días, TE= -0.50; IC 95%= -1.39 a 0.39), a mediano plazo (8 a 31 días, TE= -0.36; IC 95%= -0.76 a 0.04), y a largo plazo (más de 31 días TE= -0.14; IC 95%= -0.78 a 0.50). En los 3 casos la PS disminuyó el dolor, pero no de forma estadísticamente significativa comparando con otras técnicas de la fisioterapia. Dos metaanálisis analizaron los efectos de la PS en la medida con algómetro a corto plazo (0 a 7 días, TE=0.17; IC 95%= -0.70 a 1.04) y a mediano plazo (de 8 a 31 días, TE=1.20; IC 95%= -1.17 a 3.57). En los 2 casos la PS disminuyó el dolor, pero no de forma estadísticamente significativa comparado con otras técnicas de la fisioterapia.
Conclusiones:se evidenció un efecto en la disminución del dolor a favor de la PS sobre otros tipos de fisioterapia, sin ser estadísticamente significativo. El número de sesiones promedio semanal de PS, más frecuentemente utilizado fue de una por semana.
Instrumentos evaluativos de la conducta adictiva en atención a pacientes del IAFA
Authors: Sandí Esquivel Luis , Castillo Abarca Hilda , Rodríguez Estrada Evelyn , Marín Murillo Sebastián
Published: December 2024

El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas por su ubicuidad y sus complicaciones en el consumidor, su familia y en el ambiente familiar y sociolaboral constituye un importante problema de salud pública que afecta a todos, consumidores y no consumidores. La complejidad y multiplicidad de factores que determinan el consumo de drogas convoca a un acercamiento integral que da cabida a muchas disciplinas para lograr mayor precisión en el diagnóstico y una mejor intervención. Tanto para profesionales como no profesionales es imprescindible el uso de instrumentos evaluativos del consumo de tabaco, alcohol y otras drogas, de la conducta adictiva, de la alteraciones emocionales más frecuentes, como depresión y ansiedad, así como, determinar que tan afectadas están las principales áreas de su vida. El instrumento base más ampliamente conocido para tal fin es el Indice de severidad a la adicción, el cual ha sido validado y actualizado para Costa Rica, para ampliar su capacidad psicométrica se ha agregado la prueba de dependencia de tabaco de Fegestron, la prueba de evalución del consumo de alcohol (AUDIT) y las escalas de evaluación de ansiedad y depresíón de Zung. Para cualquier persona que trabaje con personas afectadas por el consumo de drogas, estas herramientas clínicas son instrumentos básicos esenciales.
Abordaje de artritis séptica en el paciente pediátrico
Authors: López Acosta Amalia , Mora Quesada Valerie , Quesada Jackson Jeremy
Published: December 2024

La artritis séptica es un proceso inflamatorio de origen bacteriano en las articulaciones, particularmente sinoviales. En niños la causa más común es por diseminación hematógena y el agente causal más frecuentemente involucrado es el staphylcoccus aureus. La edad con mayor incidencia es entre los 2 y 6 años, de predominio en el género masculino y las articulaciones más comúnmente afectadas son la rodilla y cadera. La infección se genera cuando la actividad bacteriostática del líquido sinovial es superada por la carga bacteriana y posteriormente se produce una respuesta inflamatoria pronunciada. La clínica suele incluir dolor articular, limitación del movimiento, incapacidad de soportar su propio peso y fiebre; no obstante, es necesario identificar factores de riesgo y correlacionar los hallazgos clínicos con los resultados en estudios de laboratorio e imágenes como la radiografía y el ultrasonido para una mejor orientación diagnóstica, pues el diagnóstico diferencial es amplio y la sintomatología puede ser semejante a la de otras causas de artritis. El cultivo tanto en sangre como en líquido sinovial es un paso fundamental en el diagnóstico, pero de manera frecuente se reporta negativo por lo cual se han implementado nuevas pruebas diagnósticas como la reacción en cadena polimerasa para mejor dirección terapéutica. Tomando esto en cuenta es importante iniciar el tratamiento lo más pronto posible debido a las complicaciones del cuadro. El manejo de artritis séptica se basa principalmente en el drenaje quirúrgico y antibiótico, este último administrado siempre posterior a la toma de cultivos.
Generalidades y actualización del manejo de anticoagulantes en procedimientos urgentes y electivos
Authors: Sequeira Quesada Carlos Mario , Lin Wu Edwin Lin Wu , Navarro Alvarado María José
Published: December 2024

En los últimos años, con la introducción de anticoagulantes directos orales la terapia anticoagulante ha vuelto a dar un salto. Tiene como ventajas no requerir un monitoreo estricto como la Warfarina, una menor cantidad de interacciones y una farmacocinética predecible, pero con limitaciones ante enfermedades renales y válvulas protésicas.
Los anticoagulantes son empleados en patologías como la fibrilación atrial, infarto agudo de miocardio, tromboembolismos, válvulas protésicas, neoplasias y trombofilias; es indispensable para los profesionales de salud conocer sus características. En especial durante la preparación prequirúrgica, tanto en procedimientos urgentes como en electivos.
En los últimos años, las innovaciones en la anticoagulación han cambiado las recomendaciones y guías constantemente; el traslape de anticoagulantes como la Warfarina con heparinas se reservan para ciertos casos, según el juico clínico y manejo interdisciplinario de otras especialidades médicas. Considerando los antecedentes, comorbilidades y el riesgo quirúrgico del procedimiento, con el objetivo de tener un balance entre los riesgos de tromboembolismo y sangrado.
Los nuevos anticoagulantes directos orales no requieren traslape anticoagulante, facilitando más las preparaciones quirúrgicas. En procedimientos agudos, el objetivo es revertir la anticoagulación. Al mismo tiempo, los antídotos de anticoagulantes han avanzado, con Idarucizumab y Andexanet, para la reversión de los anticoagulantes directos orales.
El Ciraparantag aún no ha sido aprobado, con posibilidad de ser un antídoto universal para todos los fármacos anticoagulantes. Con estos avances, ciertas prácticas se han vuelto la segunda opción de tratamiento, como el uso de plasma fresco congelado, por los riesgos y desventajas en comparación con los nuevos manejos.
Manejo de la hipertensión en adultos mayores: un reto clínico actual
Authors: Anchía Chavarría Karolina , Naranjo González Elianis , Sáenz Varela Estefany
Published: December 2024

La hipertensión arterial es el factor de riesgo cardiovascular más prevalente a nivel mundial y va en aumento con el envejecimiento poblacional. La hipertensión mal controlada se asocia con frecuencia a accidente cerebrovascular, enfermedad coronaria, entre otras condiciones.
En la población adulta mayor, debido a los cambios a nivel vascular asociados con el envejecimiento normal, es más frecuente el desarrollo de hipertensión arterial, principalmente sistólica. Asimismo, los adultos mayores presentan cambios farmacocinéticos y farmacodinámicos que son importantes considerar al momento de seleccionar la terapia antihipertensiva.
El tratamiento de la hipertensión en pacientes mayores ha demostrado ser beneficioso en cuanto a mortalidad y riesgos de eventos cardiovasculares, sin embargo, se presenta una discrepancia entre las metas para el tratamiento de la hipertensión en diferentes guías internacionales, lo que ocasiona gran incertidumbre a nivel clínico, especialmente al seleccionar la terapia para pacientes frágiles o añosos, pues con frecuencia son excluidos de la mayoría de ensayos clínicos.
En conclusión, prescribir una determinada terapia antihipertensiva en personas mayores, es un verdadero reto clínico, ya que requiere un juicio clínico acertado que contemple las comorbilidades y el contexto de cada paciente durante la selección de los agentes farmacológicos y metas de presión arterial.
Tamizaje para cáncer de pulmón
Authors: Zumbado-Morales Rodrigo , Fournier Castellot André , Pérez de la Cuesta Sebastián , Sánchez Rodríguez Ivanovich
Published: December 2024

El segundo cáncer con mayor incidencia y la principal causa de muerte por cáncer a nivel mundial es el cáncer de pulmón. Esto representa un problema para la salud pública de los países con población en riesgo de desarrollar este cáncer. El eje principal para disminuir la mortalidad por este cáncer es la detección temprana de esta patología. Para alcanzar este objetivo se han estudiado exámenes de imágenes como la radiografía de tórax y la tomografía computarizada de bajas dosis. Esta última es la que ha presentado mayor evidencia en la disminución de la mortalidad y con mayores beneficios que riesgos sobre la población de riesgo. También se está en investigación biomarcadores sanguíneos como método de tamizaje contra el cáncer de pulmón. A pesar de existir evidencia sobre métodos de tamizaje, existen múltiples adversidades que pueden limitar el acceso al tamizaje. Estas adversidades son un problema importante en la lucha contra este cáncer y no deben ser menospreciadas.
El Retinoblastoma: la neoplasia ocular más frecuente en pediatría
Authors: Mora Solano Luis Diego , Calderón Zamora Yeraldin Nazareth , Calderón Zamora Keylin Nicole
Published: December 2024

El retinoblastoma es considerada como la neoplasia ocular que se presenta con mayor frecuencia en la edad pediátrica. Su incidencia y prevalencia son muy variables alrededor del mundo y su patogenia a lo largo del tiempo se ha basado en la hipótesis de Knudson de 2 hits, siendo ampliamente aceptada. Existen múltiples formas de presentación clínica, las principales son la leucocoria y el estrabismo. Para realizar un diagnóstico se necesita realizar una valoración integral de los antecedentes y manifestaciones clínicas, apoyándose de estudios de imagen complementarios que pueden facilitar la confirmación diagnóstica. En la actualidad existen múltiples modalidades de tratamiento que se pueden ofrecer, con el fin de mejorar la sobrevida y pronóstico del paciente como lo es la cirugía, la radioterapia y la quimioterapia. Por lo que la finalidad de este artículo de revisión bibliográfica es dar una visión de los aspectos más relevantes a la hora de enfrentarse a la valoración de un paciente con esta neoplasia.
Tratamiento no quirúrgico con plasma rico en plaquetas y tracción mecánica lumbar de una hernia de disco lumbar. Reporte de caso
Authors: Huertas Arias Eduardo Arturo , Hernández Vio Juan José , Lizano Salas Marco Antonio , Cabrera Mena Génesis , Muñoz Murillo Nathalia
Published: December 2024

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 34 años que presenta dolor lumbar severo y radiculopatía izquierda debido a dos hernias de disco, una en L4-L5 y otra en L5-S1, lo cual causa estenosis del canal medular y compresión bilateral de las raíces nerviosas con predominancia izquierda. Se plantea un plan de manejo conservador mínimamente invasivo de 2 aplicaciones de plasma rico en plaquetas, terapia de tracción lumbar y natación. La paciente experimentó un alivio significativo del dolor, una mejoría funcional y una casi resolución de los déficits. Mediante resonancia magnética de control a los cinco meses, reveló mejoría de la protrusión del disco en L4-L5 y L5-S1 y la paciente permaneció asintomática al año. Este caso resalta el potencial de la reabsorción de una hernia de disco lumbar y mejoría sintomática con un manejo conservador mínimamente invasivo, incluyendo el abordaje integral con tratamiento médico, fisioterapia y actividad física sin impacto .Se debe considerar un curso natural favorable de una hernia de disco al decidir entre una intervención quirúrgica temprana y un tratamiento conservador, lo que justifica más estudios prospectivos para evaluar la efectividad de un protocolo integral conservador y mínimamente invasivo y el papel de la regresión de una hernia de disco lumbar sintomática.
Avances diagnósticos en la fiebre de origen desconocido: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Reinoso Calle Juan Jose , Barros Pelaez Ana Gabriela , López Campoverde Adriana Betsabé , Segovia Valdiviezo Jhomayra Michelle
Published: December 2024

El fenómeno conocido como fiebre de origen desconocido (FOD), término acuñado por Petersdorf y Beeson en 1961, sigue siendo un reto persistente y complejo para la comunidad médica. A pesar de los avances significativos en las tecnologías de diagnóstico y en los conocimientos médicos, el diagnóstico definitivo sigue eludiendo a los médicos en más de la mitad de los casos. La FUO abarca una gran variedad de causas potenciales como trastornos infecciosos, reumáticos-inflamatorios, neoplásicos y diversos, cada uno de los cuales presenta un conjunto único de síntomas, manifestaciones clínicas y hallazgos de laboratorio que desafían una categorización fácil. La tarea a la que se enfrentan los profesionales sanitarios es polifacética, ya que les exige evaluar meticulosamente estos indicios clínicos dispares y navegar por un laberinto de diagnósticos potenciales para descubrir la causa subyacente. Para abordar este dilema diagnóstico, se han desarrollado enfoques innovadores que aprovechan tecnologías como la tomografía por emisión de positrones con fluorodesoxiglucosa, la secuenciación metagenómica de nueva generación y análisis genéticos exhaustivos como la secuenciación del exoma completo. Estas técnicas de vanguardia ofrecen nuevas vías de investigación y han demostrado resultados prometedores en la identificación de los orígenes elusivos del FUO, allanando en última instancia el camino para estrategias de tratamiento más específicas y eficaces.
Reporte de Caso: Empiema subdural a consecuencia de sinusitis complicada en paciente pediátrico: informe de caso
Authors: Arencibia Pagés Christian José , Velázquez Carmenates Elián , Mendoza Paret Jorge Enrique , Medina Matos Mirtha María
Published: December 2024

El empiema subdural sinogénico es una infección purulenta que se desarrolla en el espacio situado entre la duramadre y las membranas aracnoides. Esta condición es poco frecuente, lo que subraya la necesidad de estar atentos a cualquier manifestación neurológica. El siguiente caso es un paciente masculino, adolescente y mestizo, tiene 11 años de edad y es de procedencia urbana, con antecedentes de litiasis renal recurrente que dos semanas después de haber sido dado de alta de un ingreso por sinusitis maxilar y etmoidal izquierdas reingresa con síntomas de cefalea de carácter opresivo constante, de moderada a gran intensidad, holocraneal, con vómitos ocasionales, fiebre en cifras de 39-40 grados centígrados, de difícil control, somnolencia, dos eventos convulsivos tónico-clónico generalizados, hemiparesia derecha total, directa, a predominio crural y signo de Babinski de ese lado. Se decide realizar una tomografía de cráneo simple monocorte, tomografía de cráneo contrastada y una resonancia magnética nuclear diagnosticándose un empiema subdural. Se decidió alternativa quirúrgica de emergencia con recuperación postoperatoria favorable. Se concluye que el empiema subdural ha sido descrito como una de las emergencias neuroquirúrgicas más urgentes. Su diagnóstico eficaz está en la resonancia magnética nuclear como la mejor opción. La gestión a realizar como medio de aprendizaje para el personal de salud se presentó como complicación de la sinusitis.
The Impact of Blockchain on Business and Economics: Analysis of Theory and Implementation
Authors: Chandra Lukita  , Silva Wulandari  , Syahrul Muarif Wahid  , Tri Widiyatmoko
Published: December 2024

Blockchain technology has become a powerful disruptive force that has significant effects on economics and business. This article provides a comprehensive examination of the theoretical underpinnings and real-world applications of blockchain in the business and economic domains. The paper explores the foundational ideas of blockchain technology and examines how it affects data security, operational effectiveness, and transaction transparency. In addition, it looks into practical blockchain applications in a variety of industries and analyzes the potential and problems that come with their acceptance. This analysis intends to offer important insights into the revolutionary potential of blockchain technology and its consequences for business practices and economic systems through a thorough review of the body of existing literature and case studies.
Role Information Technology in Increasing the Effectiveness Accounting Information Systems and Employee Performance
Authors: Firasati Aoliyah , Azzahra Fadhila , Junaedi Sausan Raihana Putri , Evans Amelia , Madani Muchlisina , Oganda Fitra Putri
Published: December 2024

This study explores the mportant role of Information Technology (IT) in enhancing the effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) and improving employee performance, using a moderator analysis approach. The context of the study is the increasing dependence of modern organizations on AIS for accurate financial data management and decision-making. However, the effectiveness of these systems can be influenced by various factors, including technological advancement and employee skills. The research methodology includes quantitative analysis, using survey data from various organizations in different sectors. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to examine the moderating effect of IT on the relationship between AIS effectiveness and employee performance. The results of the study show a significant positive impact of IT on AIS effectiveness, leading to increased employee performance. These findings contribute to the literature by highlighting the importance of IT interventions in optimizing AIS functionality, thereby improving organizational efficiency and productivity. In conclusion, this study highlights the essential role of IT as a supporting tool to achieve higher levels of efficiency in accounting information systems and employee performance and highlights the need for continued technological advancement and employee training in the modern business environment.
ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF TAX REGULATION IN THE NORTH-WESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Office of the Federal Tax Service of Russia for the Novgorod Region, Veselov A.G.
Published: December 2024

The article examines certain issues related to the field of tourism, the practice of applying preferential tax rates for objects in this industry; tools for comparative analysis of data from the Federal Tax Service of Russia from open sources are used, regions such as the Novgorod Region and other re-gions of the Northwestern Federal District are studied, recommendations are given regarding the pos-sibility of changing the current regional legislation. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of taxregulation methods and an assessment of the contribution of the tourism industry to the econ-omy of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. The objectives of the study include: the study of types of taxation systems for organizations operating inthe field of tourism; analysis of tax revenues of organizations in the field of tourism to the economy of the Novgorod region; comparison of applica-ble rates and benefits in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District, assessment of the actions of local legislators and recommendations for possible changes in the norms of current local legislation. The author provides detailed law enforcement practice of the Tax Service of the regions of the North-western Federal District. The author came to the conclusion that the regions of the North-western Fed-eral District for the registration of tourist business are more attractive than the Novgorod region in terms of optimizing the tax burden. The region does not use such incentive measures as lowering the rates onthe STS, the most adequate taxation system for tourism. In the study, the author makes a num-ber of recommendations to regional institutions in whose competence these issues are: to consider amending regional legislation on the application of tax rates on the STS by taxpayers whose activities are related to the field of tourism, including for related activities; to provide in regional legislation appropriate tax benefits for newly registered taxpayers in order to legalization of business; to analyze possible changes in the tax base and the corresponding amount of shortfall in the region's income, if the above measures are taken. The conducted research focuses on and actualizes the importance of changing the methodology for assessing the tax contribution of tourism to the economy of the region.
MANAGEMENT OF STUDENT CAMPUSES — INNOVATIONS IN THE SERVICE MARKET
Authors:   Peoples Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Olshanskaya M.V.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the management of student campuses is due to the intensive transfor-mation of higher education (in the context of digitalization, globalization). The purpose of the study is to systematize ideas about innovative approaches to the organization and functioning of campuses (from the perspective of the changing needs of students and society). There are contradictions re-garding optimal campus management models: between the desire for technological modernization and the need to preserve traditional academic values. The author, using methods of comparative analysis, study of publications, generalization, comes to the conclusion that effective management of modern campuses requires the integration of digital technologies, environmental practices, and thelatest social models. Special attention is paid to the personalization of educational experience, the development of flexible living options, and the creation of suitable conditions for the well-being of students. The article demonstrates that the successful implementation of innovative approaches in the management mechanisms of the functioning of campuses can become a key factor in the competitiveness of universities in the global market of educational services. It is concluded that innovations in the management of student campuses mark the transition from static educational institutions to dynamic "ecosystems" that adapt to the changing needs of students and society. The synergy of technological solutions, environmental practices, and new models of socialinteraction makes it possible to create and subsequently maintain a special environment that stimulates not only academic achievements, but also the personal development of students. The position is ex-pressed according to which the successful implementation of the described innovative approaches requires interdisciplinary cooperation, flexibility in management, and willingness to experiment. Universities that are able to effectively integrate these innovations will gain a lot of competitive ad-vantages in the global educational services market.
Государственная идеология как фактор формирования ценностных ориентаций современной молодежи
Authors: Каримов А.Г. , Фаткуллина Г.Р.
Published: December 2024

Статья исследует роль государственной идеологии в ценностных ориентациях молодежи Республики Башкортостан. На основе социологических опросов 2024 и 2021 годов (в совокупности опрошено более свыше 7 тыс. респондентов) выявлено, что треть молодежи связывает идеологию России с либерализмом, четверть считает, что она отсутствует. При этом большинство поддерживает необходимость государственной идеологии, однако её принципы воспринимаются молодежью по-разному в зависимости от ценностных предпочтений (от социальных до либерально-демократических). Школьники и молодёжь до 24 лет склонны к анархическим взглядам, старшие группы (24-35 лет) – к консервативным ценностям. Основные факторы формирования ценностей – семья, образовательные учреждения и Интернет. Отмечена важность согласованных действий семьи, общества и государства в укреплении ценностной системы.

The article explores the role of state ideology in the value orientations of the youth of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Based on opinion polls in 2024 and 2021 (more than 7 thousand respondents were interviewed together), it was revealed that a third of young people associate the ideology of Russia with liberalism, a quarter consider it absent. At the same time, the majority supports the need for a state ideology, but its principles are perceived by young people in different ways depending on their value preferences (from social to liberal democratic). Schoolchildren and young people under the age of 24 tend to have anarchic views, older groups (24-35 years old) tend to have conservative values. The main factors in the formation of values are the family, educational institutions and the Internet. The importance of coordinated actions of the family, society and the state in strengthening the value system was noted.