bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appraisal of Economic Benefits of Ṣukūk in Financing Budget Deficits in Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Jamilu Baita Abubakar Jamilu Baita
Published: March 2020

This study(1) appraises the economic significance and benefits of ṣukūk in
financing budget deficits in the Nigerian economy. Using secondary sources of data,
the study employs content and trends analyses to achieve its objective. Essentially, the
study posits that the issuance of ṣukūk as an alternative to other interest-bearing
financial instruments can effectively finance budgetary and infrastructural deficits and
complement in achieving developmental objectives in Nigeria. Also, ṣukūk has the
potential of promoting fiscal sustainability of the Nigerian economy. It is therefore
recommended that the federal government should integrate ṣukūk as part of its fiscal
strategic policies for financing budgetary and infrastructure deficits.
Khan Academy: uma possibilidade para as aulas de matemática
Authors: Araújo Valdeci Da Silva , Molina Luana Pagano Peres , Nantes Eliza Adriana Sheuer
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é proceder um relato de experiência sobre o uso de plataformas educativas dentro de uma escola, com atividades pedagógicas mediadas pelas Tecnologias Digitais de Comunicação e Informação (TDCI) usadas pelos principais agentes educativos: os professores. Para tanto, selecionamos a plataforma de ensino Khan Academy, como ferramenta de apoio pedagógico nas aulas de matemática, mais especificamente junto ao ensino do conteúdo programático de Frações. A metodologia de pesquisa adotada foi a pesquisa qualitativa, com abordagem descritiva, levada a campo seguindo os passos propostos pelas Diretrizes Curriculares do Estado do Paraná: diagnóstico prévio dos saberes dos alunos, instrumentalização e diagnóstico final. Os participantes da pesquisa foram os alunos do sexto ano de uma escola pública e o professor. A coleta de dados foi realizada através das observações e dos registros das atividades desenvolvidas pelos alunos, culminando com a aplicação de uma prova. A análise dos resultados apontou que o Khan Academy potencializou as aulas de matemática, possibilitando uma metodologia ativa, tendo em vista que alguns alunos acessaram a plataforma na pré-aula e pós-aula, além da aula. Diante disso, acredita-se na contribuição da exploração de plataformas, como a descrita nesta pesquisa, tendo em vista que o aluno teve boa aceitação nas atividades desenvolvidas via gamificação aplicada ao ensino.
Proposta de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa sobre a Teoria de Conjuntos
Authors: Mendes Felipe , Santarosa Maria Cecília Pereira , Camargo Mariza De
Published: March 2020

Neste artigo, são apresentados os resultados da implementação de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS) num curso de Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). A UEPS trata sobre o conteúdo de Conjuntos, o qual faz parte da disciplina de Cálculo I e Geometria Analítica, que é ofertada aos calouros. Essa pesquisa é um recorte de um projeto maior, de mestrado do pesquisador principal. Os passos da sequência didática proposta pelo professor Marco Antonio Moreira, fundamentado na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, são detalhados e os resultados obtidos em alguns passos foram analisados. A UEPS aqui apresentada teve o objetivo de proporcionar um aprendizado que gerasse significados dos conteúdos aos estudantes, que com isso conseguiram assimilar melhor o que foi trabalhado. O pesquisador conseguiu verificar evidências de aprendizagem significativa pelos estudantes, pois eles conseguiram externalizar e explicar, através de conceitos matematicamente aceitos, os conteúdos e também aplicá-los para resolver situações-problemas propostas, mostrando com isso, terem captado e compreendido os conceitos desenvolvidos através da UEPS.
Marco propositivo de relaciones entre innovación colaborativa abierta y comunicación estratégica: aplicación a un grupo de empresas de origen antioqueño
Authors: Preciado Hoyos Angela
Published: March 2020

En este artículo, se presenta un marco propositivo sobre los elementos que entran en relación en un proceso de innovación colaborativa abierta con grupos de interés, visto desde una perspectiva estratégica de la comunicación. La verificación del marco propuesto se hizo en un grupo de ocho empresas que tienen su sede principal en la región de Antioquia, cotizan en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia y operan en diferentes países de América Latina. La metodología consistió en entrevistas en profundidad, basadas en preguntas semiestructuradas. Los resultados muestran una presencia significativa de los elementos identificados en el marco propuesto, en las actividades de innovación de las organizaciones de la muestra y en las áreas que se ocupan del proceso y el acompañamiento que hacen los encargados de la comunicación en la construcción de una cultura de la innovación. Se concluye que deberá incrementarse la participación de los profesionales de la comunicación en los procesos de innovación.
Yield and Quality of Fertigated Papaya Fruits Submitted to Potassium Doses in Northeast Pará
Authors: Lima Valdeides Marques , Lima Junior Joaquim Alves de , Bronze Antonia Benedita da Silva , Aviz William Lee Carrera de , Matos Aristóteles Pires de , Silva Lidiane De Souza , Melo Danilo Da Luz
Published: March 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of potassium doses supplied via fertigation on yield and fruit quality of Solo papaya, cultivar THB. The experiment was installed in August 2018 in the Experimental Station of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Municipality of Igarapé-Açu, State of Para, Brazil, and lasted for 13 months. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with four replications and treatments applications started in the fifth month after planting. Treatments were four doses of K20 (160, 320, 480 and 640 kg K2O ha-1) that correspond to 50, 100, 150 and 200% of recommended dose based on soil analysis. Potassium was supplied in the form of KNO3, in the irrigation water, associated to the others fertilizers. During the five month harvest period, the papaya yield reached 22.3 t ha-1, fruit number was 67,776 fruit ha-1, fruit weight was about 418.6 g and soluble solid titratable acidity ratio as high as 13.9.
A “borderline case” of syntactic variation
Authors: Brandner Ellen
Published: March 2020

Dialectal maps of morpho-syntactic phenomena sometimes display patterns that either differ quite drastically from the traditional dialectal boundaries (which are mostly based on phonology or the lexicon) or show otherwise unexpected patterns. This paper argues to take these deviations seriously, namely as a potential tool to detect the different types and qualities of syntactic micro-variation. As a case study, differing patterns concerning the distribution of the infinitival marker zu across various infinitival constructions within the Alemannic dialect group will be examined and it will be argued that an analysis of the infinitival marker as the lexical realization of the [±coin] value within a theory of temporal anchoring, as proposed in Ritter & Wiltschko (2014), provides the necessary flexibility in order to capture these differing variational patterns.
ENFOQUE DE DERECHOS HUMANOS: UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE PAZ Y UN MEDIO PARA EL DESARROLLO DE OTROS ENFOQUES
Authors: Niño Patiño Natali , Aldana González Laura Milena , Zuluaga María Camila
Published: March 2020

El presente documento tiene como propósito principal determinar qué se puede comprender por el enfoque de derechos humanos, a su vez mostrar cómo en la materialización de una política pública como lo fue la construcción del Acuerdo Final de Paz, el enfoque de derechos humanos permitió la apertura a la construcción de otros enfoques, conocidos como enfoques diferenciales, los cuales se instalan en el discurso jurídico con el fin de ser obligatorios tanto en la construcción de política pública como en la toma de decisión judicial, lo cual permitirá el desarrollo del principio a la paz.
PRÁCTICAS DE PAZ EN EL JARDÍN DE NIÑOS NENTAMBATI
Authors: Medrano Domínguez Rosa María , De León Gutiérrez María Verónica
Published: March 2020

El aporte principal de este articulo son propuestas de prácticas de paz a partir del diagnóstico escolar, derivado de la investigación acción participativa. En las prácticas de paz el diálogo es detonador de mediación, diálogo entendido como la herramienta fundamental para transformar los conflictos.En consonancia los actores educativos del Jardín de Niños Nentambati a través de su participación en la investigación se formaron en la lógica sentípensante, al descubrir relaciones pacíficas y violentas. Coparticipar en la gestión pacífica de los conflictos y favorecer la convivencia escolar a través de su actuación en las prácticas de paz, al ser la escuela el espacio de vínculos, en donde se espera que los alumnos además de alcanzar el logro de habilidades cognitivas, desarrollen habilidades sociales y emocionales que les permitan establecer relaciones armónicas, pacíficas e inclusivas dentro y fuera de ésta.
JUST REKINDLE HOPE? SOCIAL AND POLITICAL IMPACTS OF THE 15M MOVEMENT IN SPAIN
Authors: Martínez Miguel A. , Domingo San Juan Elena
Published: March 2020

How to identify and assess the social and political impacts of a social movement such as the 15M/Indignados in Spain? A particular challenge comes up, first, when its limits and identity are blurred so here we distinguish three types of movement goals and explain how they emerged. Secondly, in order to evaluate their achievements we pay special attention to the usually neglected dimensions of movements’ impacts – their self-reproduction, the non-institutional effects and the ‘unintended consequences’. We argue that the 15M was able to challenge the authorities over the first three years of its existence by creating a counter-hegemonic political culture as well as a manifold set of practical initiatives of self-organisation. However, the institutional impacts were very limited, in spite of some significant successes and side-effects in the electoral arena. This is mainly explained by the resilient cohesion of the power elites and the continuation of the prevailing socio- economic structures.
n. 14 - SISTEMA PRÓPRIO DE AVALIAÇÃO EXTERNA: ANÁLISE DE EXPERIÊNCIAS MUNICIPAIS DO INTERIOR PAULISTA
Authors: Militão Silvio Cesar Nunes , Zebediff Jaqueline Bibiano
Published: March 2020

O artigo tem como foco temático a contemporânea tendência de criação de sistema próprio de avaliação externa pela esfera municipal no país e objetiva mapear, caracterizar e analisar as experiências de implantação de tais sistemas em sete municípios paulistas. De abordagem qualitativa, o estudo contemplou pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e questionário. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam um caráter híbrido nas iniciativas avaliativas locais estudadas:  ao mesmo tempo que os entes federativos subnacionais se valem da autonomia para implantar sistemas próprios de avaliação externa voltados ao atendimento de suas necessidades/particularidades, também alinham-se à lógica do modelo avaliativo federal, inclusive incorporando e reproduzindo determinados aspectos das avaliações externas nacionais.
n. 16 - AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTO NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Parente Cláudia Da Mota Darós , Parente Juliano Mota , Hernandes Elianeth Dias Kanthack
Published: March 2020

O artigo analisa pesquisas sobre avaliação de impacto na educação básica, com ênfase em seus objetivos, características e resultados. O modelo de análise constituiu-se de três aspectos: a política em análise, a pesquisa realizada e os resultados encontrados (impactos). Os resultados indicaram grande diversidade de políticas, programas e ações que têm sido alvo de pesquisadores, variedade de procedimentos metodológicos para avaliação de impacto e diferentes tipos de impacto na educação básica. O estudo sugere que mais pesquisas de avaliação de impacto sejam realizadas no campo da educação e que novos enfoques metodológicos sejam criados.
Detecting EGFR mutations (L858R, T790M) using allele specific multiplex sequencing: A comparison with Pyrosequencing and TruSeq
Authors: Vinayagamoorthy Dilanthi , Walsh Jennifer , Gipson Kierra , Ye Fei , Zhong Minghao , Dahui Qin , Vinayagamoorthy Thuraiayah
Published: March 2020

We are presenting an evaluation of Allele Specific Multiplex Sequencing (ASMS) to detect two EGFR somatic mutations (L858R, T790M). Late stage lung cancer samples were tested for both EGFR mutations and were compared to either pyrosequencing or TruSeq. The analytical lower limit of detection (LLOD) for the ASMS-L858R assay was found to be 36 copies, and 72 copies for the ASMS-T790M assay. The forty-one FFPE samples that were tested for T790M showed 100% concordance with the respective comparative method. The forty-five FFPE samples tested previously by Truseq for L858R showed 100% concordance with ASMS. Out of the twenty L858R samples previously tested by pyrosequencing, there was 95% concordance with ASMS. Additionally, twenty-one normal blood samples were tested by ASMS were found to be negative for L858R and T790M. In conclusion, the detection of L858R and T790M by ASMS are in acceptable concordance with both pyrosequencing and TruSeq in detecting EGFR mutations from late stage lung cancer. Further, ASMS was able to detect EGFR (L858R) with 10 picograms (3 copies gDNA) of FFPE extracted DNA, and hence could be used to detect mutations from samples carrying low copy numbers.
US-China Trade Conflicts: Review on Gains or Losses?
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Bhalla Pretty , Nazneen Afroze
Published: March 2020

US administration had initiated new trade protectionist policy recently in 2018, which surprised and shaken the balance of world trade, especially balance of US-China trade. This had received immediate attention of researchers worldwide due to the involvement of vast economies in this. This paper reviews the studies conducted in recent past i.e. last two years 2018-2019 and explored the reasons behind initiation of this war, its impact on US, China and world economy. It is concluded after review that none of the economy is benefitted due to these conflicts, rather there is decrease in trade and GDP of US, China and world economy. Therefore, it is suggested by various analysts to negotiate for common interests of both countries so that peaceful trade practices can be continued in future also.
Does Education Lead to a Healthier Diet? Evidence From a Natural Experiment
Authors: Mercan Murat Anil
Published: March 2020

The literature suggests that food purchases are significantly affected by the purchaser’s level of education. However, endogeneity is an important factor to consider in estimating such effects. In this study, we investigated endogeneity effects on food purchases, using a 1997 change in the laws on compulsory schooling in Turkey to determine the relationship between human capital investment and health. Our data use the Turkish Statistical Institute’s (TUIK) Household Budget Survey (HBS) from 2016, a nationally representative dataset. Our results suggest that possession of a middle school diploma increases consumption of fruit, vegetables, and meat but not milk. We find that OLS results suffer from underestimation and that having a middle school education supports having a healthier diet.
Financial Development and the Quality of the Environment in Nigeria: An Application of Non-Linear ARLD Approach
Authors: Jakada Aminu Hassan , Mahmood Suraya , Ahmad Ali Umar , Farouq Ibrahim Sambo , Mustapha Umar Aliyu
Published: March 2020

The present study examines the asymmetric effect of financial development on the quality of environment in Nigeria from 1970 to 2018. The study employed the techniques of non-linear ARDL approach as well as Diks and Panchenko (2006) non-linear test of causality. A comprehensive index of financial development is constructed using PCA. The empirical outcomes of the study reveal that financial development in Nigeria impedes the quality of the environment. The government should encourage lenders to ease the funding for the energy sector and allocate financial resources for environment-friendly businesses rather than wasting them in consumer financing. Moreover, economic growth and FDI are positively and significantly related to carbon emissions. On this basis, the government should introduce environmentally friendly technologies that will help improve the quality of the environment, increase long-term sustainability, and save resources for generations to come. A key policy consequence of this study is also that the FDI inflow to pollution-intensive industries should be closely monitored.
OLS-Regression Forecasting Confidence Intervals Capture Rates: Precision Profiling in the Forecasting Model Selection Process
Authors: Heilig Frank , Lusk Edward J.
Published: March 2020

Forecasting creates projections into an uncertain future. To understand the decision-making implications of the forecast, confidence intervals [CIs] are required. This seems simple enough. However, considering the details of the computations that underlie generating forecasting CIs, one encounters a practical disconnect that can create a decision-making paradox. In the OLS 2-parameter linear regression [OLSR] case, there are two forecasting Models that are often employed: {The Uni-variate Time Series & The Standard two-variable Regression Y:X}. Further, for each of these two Models individually, there are three (1-FPE[α]) %CIs Versions: {Excel, Fixed Effects & Random Effects} each of which is oriented around the same OLSR-forecast value. Given this component configuration, a paradox emerges because each of the forecasting models, {TS or Y:X}, individually produces a forecast with a markedly difference precision profile over the three CI-Versions. In our experience, this is paradoxical as forecasters assume that as the forecasts are the same in each model-class, their Capture Rate—the percentage of time that the actual future values are IN the CIs—should also be the same. To address this seeming paradox, we develop, detail, and illustrate a two-stage OLSR Decomposition and Screening protocol, termed: the [D&S-Triage] protocol that has the following components: (i) Stage A: decomposition of the Model & Version factor-sets to better understand the implications of their Precision differences, and (ii) Stage B: focusing on inferentially significant forecasting model components, create a multilevel quality-algorithm to identify a forecasting model-set that addresses the Quality of the Capture Rate that are the best in their class.
Impact of Zero Tillage and Tillage Practice in Chickpea Production
Authors: Quddus Md. Abdul , Naser Habib Mahammad , Siddiky Md. Alamgir , Ali Md. Razzab , Mondol A. T. M. Anwarul Islam , Islam Md. Anarul
Published: March 2020

The study was carried out at the field of Regional Pulses Research Station, Madaripur under Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during Rabi season (winter) to evaluate the effect of different tillage practices on growth, yield attributes, nutrient uptake and yield of chickpea, and to compare between the zero tillage and tillage practice.The experiment was planned with five different tillage practices viz. Zero tillage (T1), Single tillage (T2), Two tillage (T3), Three tillage (T4) and Four tillage (T5), and it was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Blanket dose of fertilizers of N, P, K, S, Zn and B at 20, 21, 30, 10, 3 and 1.5 kg ha-1, respectively were used in all tillage treatments. The highest mean seed yield achieved (1395 kg ha-1) in zero tillage (T1) followed by four tillage (T5) practice. The maximum number of branches plant-1 and more number of pods plant-1 was recorded in zero tillage treatment. Nutrient content showed non-significant effect across most of the treatment. The highest nodulation and nutrient (N, P, K and S) uptake was also obtained from T1 treatment. Tillage practices exhibited positive effects on soil properties. The highest soil organic carbon, total N, available P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Zn and B were found in zero tillage (T1). Based on profitability, the zero tillage was economically viable with compared to tillage practice. Although this practice (T1) saves the money about 3.8% to 13.7% and time also saves minimum 8 days for succeeding crops. So, the present study suggests that zero tillage practice could be implemented in the high and medium high land for chickpea cultivation. Low income farmers may practice the zero tillage technology. Future research should be carried out to evaluate the suitable rate of nutrient in zero tillage (conservative tillage) practice for yield maximization of chickpea and sustaining soil fertility.
Supplementation of Growing Beef Heifers With Starch or Highly Digestible Fiber Supplements
Authors: Scaglia Guillermo
Published: March 2020

Producers are interested in cost-effective forage-based heifer development programs with supplemental feeding, if needed, of a single supplement (reducing the cost of mixed rations) so that it would meet their nutrient requirements. For three consecutive years, the effect of two levels of ground corn (GC) and soybean hulls pellets (SB), were evaluated on performance and grazing behavior of 90 replacement beef crossbred heifers (BW = 235±17 kg; average of 10.8 months of age) grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum; cv. ‘Nelson’) at low stocking rate. Treatments were: 1) no supplementation (CON); 2) 0.5% BW of ground corn (GC05); 3) 0.5% BW of soybean hull pellets (SB05); 4) 1% BW of ground corn (GC1); and 5) 1% BW of soybean hull pellets (SB1). Lower levels of supplements (0.5% BW) allowed for greater (P < 0.05) ADG (1.26 and 1.21 kg for GC05 and SB05, respectively), production per hectare and lower age and BW at puberty. Ground corn or SB at 1% BW negatively affected (P < 0.05) growth (0.88 and 0.95 kg, respectively), reproductive performance, number of steps, and grazing time (329 and 354 minutes, respectively) of heifers. Patch grazing time and bite rate were affected (P < 0.05) by grazing period due to changes in nutritive value of annual ryegrass and search for newly grown green leaves. Beef replacement heifers stocked at a low stocking rate with no supplementation may have a better development when compared to 1% BW supplementation using GC or SB and similar to a 0.5% BW supplementation level.
Sedentary Agriculture and Its Implications on Soil Quality in Agro-pastoral Semi-arid Karamoja, Uganda
Authors: Muwanga S. , Onwonga R. , Keya S. O. , Komutunga E.
Published: March 2020

Uganda Government embarked on promoting sedentary agriculture in Karamoja agro-pastoral semi-arid livelihood zone, which experience rapid environmental and high soil quality (SQ) decline. However, studies on sedentary agriculture’s impact on soil quality using farmer’s knowledge is limited. Consequently, a survey was carried out in Karamoja (Iriiri, Matany Sub-counties of Napak of districts and Rengen sub-county of Kotido) to determine the soil quality indicator parameters based on the farmers knowledge in order to build a local soil knowledge data base to better inform sustainable land use strategies. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, forty indigenous farmers per sub-county, were interviewed between August and September, 2015. The study took into account the social demographic characteristics of the people, farming enterprises, methods of crops production, crops yields trends, causes of the perceived yields trends and soil quality indicators. Prospects of developing Karamoja indigenous knowledge data base lies in visible feature that predict soil quality. Farmers used 36 parameters to determine SQ. The parameters were clustered into five categories; soil, crop, biological, environmental and management each category contributing to 42, 19,14,8 and 17% of the total indicators, respectively. The relationship between age group and the perceived indicators of soil fertility was statistically significant (p-value = 0.045) with the majority stating that they use either soil colour, soil depth or soil texture to express the fertility of soil. The farmer’s soil quality indicators assessed in this study, is important in establishing indigenous-scientific hybrid knowledge data base to enhance soil fertility maintenance and better inform policy makers and other stakeholders on development of sustainable land use strategies.
Physiological and Sanitary Attributes Evaluation of Organic Coriander Seeds Treated With Essential Oils
Authors: Waureck Ariadne , Novembre Ana Dionisia da Luz Coelho
Published: March 2020

For seeds organic production the control of fungi with chemical fungicides is not indicated, which requires the use of biological products. In this sense, the use of essential oils derived from plants is a possibility for microorganisms control. This study evaluated technical feasibility of applying the essential oils of clove, lemongrass, rosemary, eucalyptus, ginger and Tea tree, in concentrations of 500, 1.000, 1.500 and 2.000 μL-1 to organic coriander seeds of the Verdon variety, besides the control. At the beginning of storage and every 60 days the seeds were evaluated for water content, germination, germination velocity index and root emission, seedling emergence and seedling emergence speed index, to shoot length, rootlength, total length and sanity. The experimental design was a completely randomized (DCR), in a 6x4 + 1 factorial scheme, with six essential oils and four concentrations + control treatment, with four replications for germination and vigor analysis, and eight replications for sanitary analysis. With increasing concentration of essential oils, there was a linear reduction in germination and a reduction in the incidence of Alternaria sp. using clove and rosemary oils at a concentration of 500 μL L-1, eucalyptus at a concentration of 1.500 μL L-1 and ginger with 2.000 μL L-1. Therefore, it is possible to use clove and rosemary essential oils up to 500 μL L-1 to reduce the incidence of Alternaria sp. without causing significant reduction in germination.
Soil Physical Attributes in Long-Term Soil Management Systems (Tillage and No-till)
Authors: Silva Venâncio Rodrigues e , Torres José Luiz Rodrigues , Costa Danyllo Denner de Almeida , Silveira Bruna de Souza , Vieira Dinamar Márcia da Silva , Lemes Ernane Miranda
Published: March 2020

The period of implantation of the no-tillage system (NTS) is a fundamental factor to the dimension of the changes that occur to the soil's physical, chemical and biological attributes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the soil changes to the physical attributes and correlate the results to the soil organic matter in areas of different long-term soil management. The study was set as a completely randomised design, in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with four management systems [5 years NTS (NTS5); 17 years NTS (NTS17); conventional tillage system for 20 years (CTS20); native area (NA)], and four soil depths (0-0.05, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-0.4 m), with five repetitions. Soil mechanical resistance to root penetration (RP), bulk density (SD), volumetric moisture (VM), macro (Ma), microporosity (Mi) and total porosity (TP), and the aggregation parameters were evaluated. The CTS20, NTS5 and NTS17 presented superior SD in the most superficial soil layers, which was not yet causing resistance to root development. The SD was the only physical attribute that correlated significantly with all the other soil attributes evaluated, indicating the importance of such attribute to evaluate soil quality to crops. The soil physical attributes found in the Cerrado native area followed the sequence of similarities: no-tillage system with 17 years (most similar), with five years and the conventional tillage system (less similar). The changes caused by the anthropic activity in the soil's physical attributes are more pronounced and perceptible in soil depths up to 0.2 m.
Physical, Chemical, Morphological and Mineralogical Characterization Surface and Subsurface in Hydromorphic and Non-hydromorphic Soil of the Central Amazon
Authors: Damaceno João Batista Dias , Silva Wellington Gomes da , Lima Hedinaldo Narciso , Falcão Newton Paulo de Souza , Padilha Felipe de Jesus , Junior Ari Batista da Costa , Martins Jhonny Kelvin Dias , Caniato Matheus Miranda , Souza Fábio Régis de , Brito Wildson Benedito Mendes , Tucci Carlos Alberto Franco
Published: March 2020

Amazonian soils have some physical, chemical and mineralogical differences, understanding the differences is important to understand the behavior of nutrients in the soil, especially phosphorus. The study was carried out in two types of soils: a Hydromorphic soil profile and a Non-hydromorphic soil profile in the Central Amazon region of Brazil, located in the metropolitan area of Manaus. Five depths were sampled: 0.00-0.05; 0.05-0.1; 0.1-0.2; 0.2-0.4; and 0.4-0.6 m. Physical, chemical, mineralogical and morphological attributes of both soils were studied. With the exception of clay, the levels of sand and silt remained stable in depth. The levels of organic matter gradually decrease in depth. The pH in water and in KCl, ∆pH, point of zero load, were similar between the surface and subsurface soils. Al3+, H++Al3+, CECt, CECT and clay activity were similar in Non-hydromorphic soil and increase in surface (< 0.2 m) and stabilize in subsurface (> 0.2 m). In both soils, the bases are reduced in subsurface (> 0.2 m). Aluminum and iron oxalate reduce with greater expressiveness in Non-hydromorphic soil. Aluminum and dithionite iron exhibit the same behavior. The levels of Goethite (Gt) and Hematite (Hm) are high in depth in the Non-hydromorphic soil and decrease in the Hydromorphic soil. There are sensitive distinctions between soils, due to the imposed edaphoclimatic conditions.
Effect of Introducing the Jordanian Common Rue (Ruta chalepensis L.) on Liver Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Adult Male Sprague Dawley Rats Toxified With Paracetamol
Authors: Abdelrahim Dana N. , Takruri Hamed R. , Al-Ismail Khalid M.
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of Ruta chalepensis L. plant on liver enzymes, liver weight and lipid peroxidation using rats toxified with paracetamol. An animal experiment was conducted using five groups of Sprague Dawley rats, 9 rats each. The groups were fed: Normal diet, high cholesterol diet, with or without the plant or the liver toxicant paracetamol (PCM). The experiment lasted six weeks; at the end of the sixth week; a single dose of 3 g paracetamol/kg body weight was given for rats of two groups, then blood and liver samples were collected. The hepatoprotective effect of the plant was evaluated using aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TBL) levels as indicators. This study finds that the groups to which plant and PCM were given had significantly lower MDA levels in comparison with other groups that didn’t receive plant before PCM toxification. Tested liver enzymes levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lowered by the introduction of plant to the diet. Introducing PCM without ingestion of plant in the diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased the rats absolute liver weight. It is concluded that the use of Ruta chalepensis L. plant significantly lowered hepatic toxicity as indicated by the liver enzymes levels. Also, the plant lowered the MDA level and liver weight. The ingestion of the plant can be significantly protective against hepatic injury.
Feedback Systems on Extended Hilbert Space-Normality and Linearization
Authors: Khelifa Messaoudi
Published: March 2020

ThestudyofthenormalityofafeedbacksystemonanextendedHilbertspacehasbeenmade. Theresultsofapproximation

of the solutions of such a nonlinear system by another linear are also established. This study represents an extension of the work of (Vaclav Dolezal, 1979), on a Hilbert space.
Medicinal Plant Species Used to Treat Tonsillitis in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abebe Firew Bekele , Asfaw Melese Mengistu , Tolossa Tasisa Temesgen
Published: March 2020

In various areas of Ethiopia, different plant species have been reported having a medicinal role for ailment tonsillitis. However, the ethnomedicinal information on those medicinal plant species that cure the ailment is not summarized in a way that gives general information and initiates further study. Therefore, the objective of this review paper was to summarize the ethnomedicinal information about medicinal plant species that used to treat tonsillitis in Ethiopia. The result of the review indicated that herbs and leaves are the most utilized growth forms and part of the plants respectively during remedy preparation for the ailment tonsillitis in Ethiopia. Similarly, fresh plant materials, and water are the most applied condition of plant parts and diluent added correspondingly. Chewing and oral route of application are the most widely used methods of remedy preparation and administration correspondingly, for the ailment in the country. Utilization of herbs and leaves can be seen as an advantage from the conservation point of view of medicinal plant species that used to treat the ailment since herbs can be cultivated when they are in short supply and are also available as compared to other growth forms. Similarly, use of leaves can reduce damage to the medicinal plant species as compared to the use of other plant parts such as roots. However, the utilization of fresh materials should be reduced as much as possible. Rhamnus prinoides L'Hér. and Zingiber officinale Roscoe are the most commonly used medicinal plant species for the ailment in Ethiopia.
Former par et pour l’écriture – regards sur la formation et pour les futurs enseignants
Authors: Lopes Maria Angela Paulino Teixeira , Rinck Fanny
Published: March 2020

Editorial
Die Geister, die ich rief ...
Authors: Bachmann Klaus
Published: March 2020

Die Versuche der von der Partei »Recht und Gerechtigkeit« geführten polnischen Regierung, die Unabhängigkeit der Justiz einzuschränken und Staatsanwaltschaften und Richterschaft politisch steuerbar zu machen, haben die Aufmerksamkeit und Kritik der internationalen Öffentlichkeit, der EU-Organe und internationaler Organisationen, vom Europarat bis zu den Vereinten Nationen auf sich gezogen. Dabei ist ein Nebeneffekt der Justizreformen so gut wie unberücksichtigt geblieben, der in diesem Artikel genauer beleuchtet werden soll und der darauf abzielt, Polen eine völkerrechtliche Sonderstellung zu verschaffen, die es dem Land ermöglichen würde, sich in einigen Bereichen auf das Völkerrecht zu berufen, ohne dessen Verpflichtungen einhalten zu müssen. Diese Politik ist allerdings nicht Ausdruck einer einheitlichen Strategie seitens der Regierung, sondern im Gegenteil Ergebnis einer Mischung aus Kontrollverlust über einzelne Politikbereiche und dem zunehmenden Einfluss von parteinahen und regierungsnahen Lobbygruppen, die durch die Regierungspolitik erst gestärkt wurden.
Revising Orthodoxy in the Poems of Robert Southwell
Authors: True Amber ,   Marquette University Press
Published: March 2020

Community is the framework for the Christian experience. The Greek text from which the English bible is translated uses the ἐκκλησια, which means “assembly,” “assemblage, gathering, meeting,” and in the earliest text, “the universal church to which all believers belong.” Thus, the very idea of Christianity after Christ suggests community. Robert Southwell trained to contribute to a very particular portion of the Christian community in Elizabethan England, but the lyric poetry he produced during this time represents community as flawed and as a potential hindrance to salvation. His poetry responds to the orthodoxy of community by representing real, lived community as spiritually counterproductive and juxtaposing it against the necessity of individual experience and salvation.
Fra konflikt til kompromis: Bidrager issue linkage til at opnå aftaler i klimaforhandlingerne?
Authors: Jepsen Henrik
Published: March 2020

Issue linkage betegner en simultan forhandling om flere issues med henblik på en samlet aftale. På den ene side gør issue linkage det muligt at opnå større aftaler gennem udveksling af indrømmelser på tværs af issues. På den anden side indebærer issue linkage en risiko for, at en hårdknude på ét issue kommer til at blokere for fremskridt på andre issues. Min analyse viser, at issue linkage i de seneste runder af klimaforhandlingerne har bidraget til aftaler om teknologi, skovrydning, tilpasning og finansiering, men i mindre grad til en aftale om reduktion af drivhusgasudledninger.
Bønder som klimahelte. Kan og vil landbruget bidrage?
Authors: Pedersen Karin Hilmer
Published: March 2020

Kan og vil landbruget bidrage til reduktion af drivhusgasser? Undersøgelser tyder på, at der i landbrugssektoren findes et stort og uudnyttet potentiale for relativt billig reduktion af drivhusgasser. Selvom måling af reduktion i udledning af drivhusgasser inden for landbrugssektoren er behæftet med omfattende usikkerhed, vil man ved at måle reduktion indirekte gennem relative ændringer i produktionsprocesser kunne inkludere landbrugssektoren i reguleringsordninger. Spørgsmålet er, hvordan man kan få landbruget til at bidrage. Yi overvejer brugen af standarder, grønne afgifter og omsættelige kvoter. Vi finder, at landbrugssektoren vil have en ikke ubetydelig interesse i at få tildelt kvoter og deltage i det europæiske kvotesystem, EU ETS. Landbrugets deltagelse er imidlertid ikke uproblematisk, men kræver styring og kontrolforanstaltninger, hvis kvoteordningerne ikke i stedet skal blive til Varm luft’.

Rewarding farmers for carbon sequestration will enhance the carbon storage potential of the agricultural sector. Implementing sustainable farming systems that sequester net carbon does not require advanced technology. However, economic incentives are needed to enable farmers to implement more sustainable agricultural practices (IFAP, 2009).
Fordomme over for etniske minoriteter i Danmark, Sverige, Storbritannien og USA
Authors: Albrekt Larsen Christian
Published: March 2020

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En administrativ elite under forandring
Authors: Balle Hansen Morten , Opstrup Niels , Ryom Villadsen Anders
Published: March 2020

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Lader held-egalitarismen fanden tage de uansvarlige sidste?
Authors: Albertsen Andreas
Published: March 2020

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Microglial depletion disrupts normal functional development of adult-born neurons in the olfactory bulb
Authors: Wallace Jenelle , Lord Julia , Dissing-Olesen Lasse , Stevens Beth , Murthy Venkatesh N
Published: March 2020

Microglia play key roles in regulating synapse development and refinement in the developing brain, but it is unknown whether they are similarly involved during adult neurogenesis. By transiently depleting microglia from the healthy adult mouse brain, we show that microglia are necessary for the normal functional development of adult-born granule cells (abGCs) in the olfactory bulb. Microglial depletion reduces the odor responses of developing, but not preexisting GCs in vivo in both awake and anesthetized mice. Microglia preferentially target their motile processes to interact with mushroom spines on abGCs, and when microglia are absent, abGCs develop smaller spines and receive weaker excitatory synaptic inputs. These results suggest that microglia promote the development of excitatory synapses onto developing abGCs, which may impact the function of these cells in the olfactory circuit.
A large genomic insertion containing a duplicated follistatin gene is linked to the pea aphid male wing dimorphism
Authors: Li Binshuang , Bickel Ryan D , Parker Benjamin J , Saleh Ziabari Omid , Liu Fangzhou , Vellichirammal Neetha Nanoth , Simon Jean-Christophe , Stern David L , Brisson Jennifer A
Published: March 2020

Wing dimorphisms have long served as models for examining the ecological and evolutionary tradeoffs associated with alternative phenotypes. Here, we investigated the genetic cause of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) male wing dimorphism, wherein males exhibit one of two morphologies that differ in correlated traits that include the presence or absence of wings. We mapped this trait difference to a single genomic region and, using third generation, long-read sequencing, we identified a 120 kb insertion in the wingless allele. This insertion includes a duplicated follistatin gene, which is a strong candidate gene in the minimal mapped interval to cause the dimorphism. We found that both alleles were present prior to pea aphid biotype lineage diversification, we estimated that the insertion occurred millions of years ago, and we propose that both alleles have been maintained in the species, likely due to balancing selection.
Eya2 promotes cell cycle progression by regulating DNA damage response during vertebrate limb regeneration
Authors: Sousounis Konstantinos , Bryant Donald M , Martinez Fernandez Jose , Eddy Samuel S , Tsai Stephanie L , Gundberg Gregory C , Han Jihee , Courtemanche Katharine , Levin Michael , Whited Jessica L
Published: March 2020

How salamanders accomplish progenitor cell proliferation while faithfully maintaining genomic integrity and regenerative potential remains elusive. Here we found an innate DNA damage response mechanism that is evident during blastema proliferation (early- to late-bud) and studied its role during tissue regeneration by ablating the function of one of its components, Eyes absent 2. In eya2 mutant axolotls, we found that DNA damage signaling through the H2AX histone variant was deregulated, especially within the proliferating progenitors during limb regeneration. Ultimately, cell cycle progression was impaired at the G1/S and G2/M transitions and regeneration rate was reduced. Similar data were acquired using acute pharmacological inhibition of the Eya2 phosphatase activity and the DNA damage checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2 in wild-type axolotls. Together, our data indicate that highly-regenerative animals employ a robust DNA damage response pathway which involves regulation of H2AX phosphorylation via Eya2 to facilitate proper cell cycle progression upon injury.
PHF19 mediated regulation of proliferation and invasiveness in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Jain Payal , Ballare Cecilia , Blanco Enrique , Vizan Pedro , Di Croce Luciano
Published: March 2020

The Polycomb-like protein PHF19/PCL3 associates with PRC2 and mediates its recruitment to chromatin in embryonic stem cells. PHF19 is also overexpressed in many cancers. However, neither PHF19 targets nor misregulated pathways involving PHF19 are known. Here, we investigate the role of PHF19 in prostate cancer cells. We find that PHF19 interacts with PRC2 and binds to PRC2 targets on chromatin. PHF19 target genes are involved in proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix organization. Depletion of PHF19 triggers an increase in MTF2/PCL2 chromatin recruitment, with a genome-wide gain in PRC2 occupancy and H3K27me3 deposition. Transcriptome analysis shows that PHF19 loss promotes deregulation of key genes involved in growth, metastasis, invasion, and of factors that stimulate blood vessels formation. Consistent with this, PHF19 silencing reduces cell proliferation, while promotes invasive growth and angiogenesis. Our findings reveal a role for PHF19 in controlling the balance between cell proliferation and invasiveness in prostate cancer.
Presynaptic PTPσ regulates postsynaptic NMDA receptor function through direct adhesion-independent mechanisms
Authors: Kim Kyungdeok , Shin Wangyong , Kang Muwon , Lee Suho , Kim Doyoun , Kang Ryeonghwa , Jung Yewon , Cho Yisul , Yang Esther , Kim Hyun , Bae Yong Chul , Kim Eunjoon
Published: March 2020

Synaptic adhesion molecules regulate synapse development and function. However, whether and how presynaptic adhesion molecules regulate postsynaptic NMDAR function remains largely unclear. Presynaptic LAR family receptor tyrosine phosphatases (LAR-RPTPs) regulate synapse development through mechanisms that include trans-synaptic adhesion; however, whether they regulate postsynaptic receptor functions remains unknown. Here we report that presynaptic PTPσ, a LAR-RPTP, enhances postsynaptic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) currents and NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. This regulation does not involve trans-synaptic adhesions of PTPσ, suggesting that the cytoplasmic domains of PTPσ, known to have tyrosine phosphatase activity and mediate protein-protein interactions, are important. In line with this, phosphotyrosine levels of presynaptic proteins, including neurexin-1, are strongly increased in PTPσ-mutant mice. Behaviorally, PTPσ-dependent NMDAR regulation is important for social and reward-related novelty recognition. These results suggest that presynaptic PTPσ regulates postsynaptic NMDAR function through trans-synaptic and direct adhesion-independent mechanisms and novelty recognition in social and reward contexts.
Smoke Hazard Assessment of Cypress Wood Coated with Boron/Silicon Sol Compounds
Authors: Jin Eui , Chung Yeong-Jin
Published: March 2020

In this study, boron/silicon sol compounds were applied to wood for construction and durable materials, and fire risks were investigated in terms of smoke performance index (SPI), smoke growth index (SGI), and smoke intensity (SI). The compound was synthesized by reacting tetraethoxyorthosilicate with boric acid and boronic acid derivatives. Smoke characteristics were investigated using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1) equipment for cypress wood. The fire intensity fixed the external heat flux at 50 kW/m2. The smoke performance index measured after the combustion reaction increased between 13.4% and 126.7% compared with cypress wood. The fire risk due to the smoke performance index decreased in the order of cypress, phenylboronic acid/silicon sol (PBA/Si), (2-methylpropyl) boronic acid/silicon sol (IBBA/Si), boric acid/silicon sol (BA/Si). The smoke growth index decreased between 12.0% and 57.5% compared to the base specimen. The risk of fire caused by the smoke growth index decreased in the order of cypress, PBA/Si, IBBA/Si, BA/Si. The fire risk due to smoke intensity decreased between 3.2% and 57.8%, and in the order of cypress, PBA/Si, IBBA/Si, BA/Si. COpeak concentrations ranged between 85 and 93 ppm, and decreased between 37% and 43% compared to the base specimen. A comprehensive assessment of the fire risk on smoke hazards decreased in the order of cypress, PBA/Si, IBBA/Si, BA/Si.
Analysis of the Maximum Heat Release Rate in Accordance with the Test Method of the Flame Retardant Performance for Pipe Insulation
Authors: You Woo Jun , Park Jung Wook , Sin Yeon Je , Park Hyeong Gyu , Lim Ohk Kun
Published: March 2020

In this study, the heat release rate of pipe insulation is analyzed by considering the installation status in accordance with the standards ISO 20632 and NFPA 274. The flame retardation rate was evaluated for six types of test samples: polyethylene foam covered with beaten silver (PE(S)), PE foam tapped (PE(N)), elastomeric closed cell thermal insulation (rubber), Japanese PE foam (PE(J)), Japanese polyurethane foam (PU(J)), and Japanese styro form (ST(J)) by EN 13501-1 and fire growth curve. The results show that PU(J), PE(J), and PE(N) were Class E and ultra-fast, NFPA 274 test standards for Class D and Fast, and PE(S) by ISO 20632 were Class C and Slow, and Rubber and ST(J) were Classes and Low. However, the changes in the time-averaged maximum heat release rate for each test standard (ISO 20632 and NFPA 274) to evaluate the flame retardation rate differed among identical materials. This means that the fundamental study is necessary to analyze the more accurate reasons.