bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of various root canal sealer for failure mode after obturation; An in vitro study
Authors: Manoj Chandak  , Richa Modi  , Aditya Patel  , Pooja Chandak  , Madhulika Chandak  , Rakhi Chandak  , Anuja Ikhar
Published: May 2021

Success of root canal treatment depends upon five major steps. Among them, biomechanical preparation is most important. Root canal system shows various anatomical variations. These variations will help microorganism to harbour themselves. In order to disinfect the root canal, various irrigating solutions are used. These chemical solutions may change the surface characteristics of root dentin. Hence, this study was carried out with an aim- to determine the failure mode of sealer after obturation using the various irrigating solution.  The study was carried out using 40 extracted premolars. Biomechanical preparation was done using the crown down technique. Various irrigating solutions, namely, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, QMIX 2 in1, 17% EDTA liquid were used for irrigation. Later obturation was done using AH plus sealer and cold condensation technique. A section of 5mm root was obtained at the middle one third. Push out bond strength was evaluated and the mode of failure of the sealer was noted.  The maximum number of mixed failure mode (n=7) in Qmix 2 in1as well as in 2% CHX. Similarly, in 5.25% NaOCl, 8 samples showed Mixed failure mode. However, in 17% EDTA, the equal number of the sample had Adhesive and Mixed type of failure mode (n=5). Use of EDTA + CHX or QMix during final irrigation significantly improved sealer penetratin resulting in impervious seal to the obturation. Thus contributing to the success of endodontic treatment.
An Ontology-based Two-Stage Approach to Medical Text Classification with Feature Selection by Particle Swarm Optimisation
Authors: Abdollahi Mahdi , Gao Xiaoying , Mei Yi , Ghosh S , Li J
Published: May 2021

Document classification (DC) is the task of assigning pre-defined labels to unseen documents by utilizing a model trained on the available labeled documents. DC has attracted much attention in medical fields recently because many issues can be formulated as a classification problem. It can assist doctors in decision making and correct decisions can reduce the medical expenses. Medical documents have special attributes that distinguish them from other texts and make them difficult to analyze. For example, many acronyms and abbreviations, and short expressions make it more challenging to extract information. The classification accuracy of the current medical DC methods is not satisfactory. The goal of this work is to enhance the input feature sets of the DC method to improve the accuracy. To approach this goal, a novel two-stage approach is proposed. In the first stage, a domain-specific dictionary, namely the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), is employed to extract the key features belonging to the most relevant concepts such as diseases or symptoms. In the second stage, PSO is applied to select more related features from the extracted features in the first stage. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on the 2010 Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) data set which is a widely used medical text dataset. The experimental results show substantial improvement by the proposed method on the accuracy of classification.
Web Based Fosti Information System at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Authors: Zahra Aini , Rozaq Rais Nendy Akbar
Published: May 2021

Abstract—The student unit activity is an institution to achieve goals by holding events within the institution. FOSTI is one of the student activity units on the campus of the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta that uses a web-based information system, of course in this application to make it easier to collect data or register for events being held. The purpose of this final semester assignment is to find out how to make or design an application system and train to analyze the existing system and evaluate the deficiencies in the system to the user. The registration process for event participants is done manually, often incorrectly in recording or data collection of event participants and creating piles of data in the form of papers, allowing data to be inserted due to negligence on the part of the committee. To solve this problem, it is necessary to have a registration application system. Making this system using the framework system Laravel Based Framework. Used to find easy alternatives. The method in this management information system uses Laravel Based. Making a system in a program with the PHP programming language, the process of registering events held by the laravel based method can facilitate the registration and data collection process, which previously used the manual method which took quite a long time. The method in this research uses the method of observation, interviews, and literature study. for designing the system using Contex Diagram, HIPO, and DAD. The purpose of this study is to find out how to make or design an application system and train to analyze existing systems and evaluate the deficiencies of the system to the user. The final result in the registration process and event data collection is in the form of types of events in the FOSTI organization, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta and participant data reports.
Online Analysis System of Application of Partners for Land Asrocument Officers of Sukoharjo District
Authors: Santoso Laidestifre Putri , Muqorobin Muqorobin , Fatkhurrochman Fatkhurrochman
Published: May 2021

Research in the writing of this final assignment takes the title Analysis of the Online Sale and Purchase Deed Registration System Application for Sukoharjo District Land Deed Maker Officers, where the PPAT itself consists of leaders and office and field staff who bring files to the ATR / BPN office in Sukoharjo, this research applies the method UML (Unified Model Language), in the process. This is to find out the constraints of PPAT in examining the registration of land sale and purchase deeds in the Sukoharjo regency. The data that was collected were processed qualitatively and analyzed descriptively and analytically. The results showed; 1) The function of registering via PPAT Online in assisting PPAT in the transfer of land rights in Sukoharjo Regency is to assist in the process of changing names that arise from the seller to the buyer. 2) The juridical consequences if both parties do not fulfill obligations such as taxation in making deed of transfer of land rights, namely that PPAT will not process the transfer of rights to land and / or buildings if it is not equipped with proof of payment of BPHTB and PPh taxes so that the consequences.
Meningkatkan Kesadaran Akan Pendidikan, Warisan Dan Pernikahan Dini pada SMA Taruna Bangsa
Authors: Nasib Nasib - , Fadli Ahmad , Hou Amin , Sari Vina Winda , Martin Martin
Published: May 2021

Pendidikan, warisan dan pernikahan dini merupakan suatu fenomena yang saat ini sering di kaji dalam berbagai kegiatan  seminar, ceramah, di berbagai acara dan sangat menarik untuk di perbincangkan ,Pendidikan begitu sangat penting  karena pendidikan pada saat ini sangat terkait dengan kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi setiap individu. Pendidikan merupakan suatu proses yang sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan, keterampilan, mempertinggi budi pekerti, memperkuat kepribadian, dan mempertebal semangat kebersamaan agar dapat membangun diri sendiri dan bersama-sama membangun bangsa. Pendidikan terkait dengan kemampuan dalam memandang persoalan ,masalah dapat di selesaikan dengan baik jika kemampuan memahami permasalahan benar, dan dengan pendidkan seyogyanya masalah dapat di analisa dan di temukan solusi , Banyak permasalahan sosial timbul di tengah masyarakat yang di sebabkan kurang baik nya system pendidikan kita seperti keributan karena ketidak fahaman dalam pembagian warisan dan pernikahan dini  di anggap hal yang wajar di tengah masyarakat namun berimplikasi panjang terhadap masa depan generasi kita
Pengembangan Konsep Desain Citra Kawasan Eduwisata Herbal di Kota Batu
Authors: Mahfud Choirul , Muhibbin Zainul , Prasetyawati Niken , Nasution Arman Hakim , Handiwibowo Gogor Arif , Idajati Hertiari , Umilia Ema , Subali Edy
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT

The village community needs the development of alternative designs that are suitable for the Herbal Education area in Batu City for the progress of Indonesia. The activities' strategy is planning an alternative design concept for the Batu City Herbal Education Area. This community service has theoretical benefits that add insight and knowledge about determining educational tours' location with various approaches. In practical terms, several added values are useful for providing input to officials and policymakers for Batu City tourism development, specifically in developing tourism with the concept of education through city image theory. This activity's impact is a good effect of these activities, especially landmarks that function optimally in building the area's image for visitors/observers in the development of the herbal education area of Batu City. More than that, it can also provide an impression/experience to visitors/observers regarding the state of the Batu City herbal education area. Also, to support in comparing the herbal education area of Batu city.
The Role of Banking Institutional Services on the Sustainable growth of SMEs in Cameroon
Authors: Engwa Frank Engwa , Yakum Ivan Mboambogoh , Mukah Samuel Tanjeh
Published: May 2021

Banking institutions have been very instrumental to the growth of Small and Medium Sized enterprises in many developed economies, and they have been considered as one of the principal driving forces for economic development. The case has not been the same for Cameroon as owner managers of these SMEs have been complaining of the limited presence of banking institutions in solving their problems. Mindful of the fact that Cameroon has a growth vision to become an emerging economy by 2035, the country had to take giant steps to boast the growth of SME in the country. Some of these steps were the introduction of the small business law in 2010. This was all in a drive to ensure that SME play a vital role to the GDP growth, reduce unemployment, alleviate poverty and act as an engine for the country’s emergence growth drive. It is therefore in this light that a study was carried out on the role of banking institutional services on the sustainable growth of SME in Cameroon. A logistic regression model was adopted to examine the impact of banking institutions on the growth of SMEs in Cameroon. The data used in the study was extracted from the 2016 Cameroon Enterprise Survey which was collected from 361 enterprises by the National Institute of Statistics in the country. From the empirical results, it was discovered that 68.4% of the enterprises were growing as opposed to the 31.6%. Despite the high growth rate of these SME bank loans were affecting the growth of SME negatively while MFI loans, electronic banking services, internal funds and research and development were positively contributing to the growth of SME in the country. Thus, we concluded the study by emphasisng the implementation of relationship lending which will contribute positively to the growth of SMEs and more so fiscal policies should be ameliorated to boast the growth of startups businesses.
The Determinants of Insurance Firm Value with Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) as Intervening Variabel
Authors: Mafakhir Shaleh Achmad Achsan Zainul , Kurniasih Augustina
Published: May 2021

This study aims to examine and analyze the ability of the ERM (enterprise risk management) to mediate the influence of the firm size, leverage, profitability, and institutional ownership on the firm value of the insurance sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2019. This study used 12 samples from 16 insurance companies listed on the IDX in 2020 that met the criteria for purposive sampling. The data were processed using a path analysis approach. The results of the research show that firm size has a significant positive effect on ERM, DER and ROA has a significant negative effect on ERM, and institutional ownership were found to have no effect on ERM. Meanwhile, DER and institutional ownership have a significant negative effect on firm value, while firm size and ROA have no effect on firm value. Using the Sobel Test it was found that ERM as an intervening variable was unable to mediate the effect of firm size, DER, ROA, institutional ownership on firm value.
Narodna knjižnica kao društveni svjetionik u vremenu bolesti COVID-19
Authors: Vrana Radovan , Kovačević Jasna
Published: May 2021

Cilj. Cilj je predstaviti rezultate istraživanja korisnika Knjižnice i čitaonice Bogdana Ogrizovića, Knjižnice grada Zagreba o korištenju resursa narodne knjižnice u izvanred- noj situaciji pandemije virusa SARS-CoV-2 i bolesti COVID-19 koju taj virus uzrokuje.
Pristup/metodologija/dizajn. Za potrebe istraživanja u radu korištena je metoda ankete uz primjenu tiskanog anketnog upitnika u prostoru Knjižnice i čitaonice Bogdana Ogrizovića, Knjižnice grada Zagreba uz primjenu prigodnog uzorka ispitanika.
Rezultati. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kontinuirano zanimanje korisnika Knjižnice i čitaonice Bogdana Ogrizovića, Knjižnice grada Zagreba prema navedenoj knjižnici, unatoč izvanrednoj situaciji. Rezultati su također pokazali povećano korište- nje digitalnih izvora informacija tijekom razdoblja u kojem je knjižnica bila zatvorena zbog pandemije. Rezultati su pokazali i koje su usluge knjižnice bile najtraženije tije- kom razdoblja u kojem je ona bila zatvorena zbog pandemije. Nadalje, rezultati ukazuju na pretežitu orijentaciju korisnika prema tiskanoj građi i želju za povećanom nabavom te vrste građe, ali da se usporedno nabavlja i digitalna građa.
Praktična primjena. Rezultati istraživanja korisnika Knjižnice i čitaonice Bogdana Ogrizovića, Knjižnice grada Zagreba primjenjivi su u planiranju nabave građe, kao i u planiranju godišnjih programa knjižnice, uključujući i dugoročne planove razvoja digi- talnih izvora informacija u narodnim knjižnicama.
Društveni značaj. Rad izravno ukazuje na stabilan položaj narodne knjižnice u lo- kalnoj zajednici i potrebu korisnika za uslugama narodnih knjižnica u izvanrednoj i kriznoj situaciji izazvanoj pandemijom koronavirusa i potresom, čime narodne knjižnice nastavljaju biti stup društva kada su u pitanju informacijske i srodne usluge lokalnoj zajednici.
Originalnost/vrijednost. Originalnost rada ogleda se u činjenici da je istraživanje korisnika Knjižnice i čitaonice Bogdana Ogrizovića, Knjižnice grada Zagreba provede- no u izvanrednoj i kriznoj situaciji, a riječ je o temi kojom se narodne knjižnice rjeđe bave dok takav događaj traje.
Planiranje poslovanja kao funkcija rukovođenja knjižnicom s osvrtom na planiranje upravljanja krizom
Authors: Balog Antal
Published: May 2021

Cilj ovog rada jest objasniti osnovne pojmove planiranja poslovanja kao funkcije rukovođenja, zatim planiranja operativnih i regulacijskih funkcija u knjižnici te pove- zanost misije i vizije s organizacijskim ciljevima i strategijama rada. Nadalje, cilj mu je pridonijeti boljem razumijevanju strateškog plana razvoja knjižnice, njegove uobičajene strukture, potom razradi strateških ciljeva na posebne (ili speciﬁčne) ciljeve i operativne zadaće te ključnih pokazatelja uspješnosti njegove provedbe. Završni dio teksta govo- ri o operativnom ili godišnjem planiranju rada knjižnice uz kratki osvrt o planiranju upravljanja krizom, imajući u vidu aktualne krizne okolnosti, primjerice pandemiju, zemljotrese, poplave i tome slično.
Pristup/metodologija/oblikovanje. Rasprava započinje teorijskim uvodom u temu planiranja s daljnjom razradom općih pojmova i sadržaja strateškog i operativnog pla- niranja. U nastavku rada koristi se desk research metoda te metoda analize postoje-  ćih postupaka strateškog planiranja u knjižnicama te njihovih strateških i operativnih (godišnjih) planova. Autor predlaže primjer strukture sadržaja strateškog plana razvoja knjižnice koji povezuje dobre prakse domaćih knjižnica s teorijom suvremenog me- nadžmenta.
Rezultati ovog rada pridonose boljem razumijevanju i učinkovitijem procesu obli- kovanja i donošenja strateških i operativnih planova knjižnice te njihova praćenja kori- štenjem ključnih pokazatelja uspješnosti provedbe.
Ograničenja. Istraživanje je ograničeno na knjižnice u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Praktična primjena. Sadržaj ovoga članka može pomoći knjižničarima i srodnim profesijama u razumijevanju planiranja kao funkcije rukovođenja u pripremi i provođe- nju strateških i operativnih planova knjižnice.
Društveni značaj ovoga članka sadržan je u boljem razumijevanju i mogućoj uspješnijoj primjeni teorijskih spoznaja strateškog i operativnog planiranja u poslovanju knjižnica kao ustanova od posebnog društvenog interesa.
Originalnost i vrijednost ovog rada jest u povezivanju teorijskih razmatranja stra- teškog i operativnog planiranja poslovanja knjižnica s njihovom praktičnom primjenom u upravljanju i rukovođenju.
Patrimonio y paisaje cultural del agua en el Valle de Ricote (Murcia)
Authors: Griñán Montealegre María , Trigueros Molina Juan Carlos
Published: May 2021

El Valle de Ricote constituye un paisaje complejo vertebrado por el curso fluvial del río Segura en el Sudeste peninsular que se ha convertido en un espacio singular reflejo de la huella cultural de más de dos milenios, por lo que se debería proteger a través de un Plan Especial del Paisaje del Agua. Ello afectaría en diferente grado a los ocho municipios que componen el también llamado Valle Morisco por constituir uno de los últimos reductos de esta minoría étnica en la Península Ibérica hasta bien entrada la Edad Moderna. Este trabajo pretende aportar nuevos datos sobre un territorio en el que orografía, administración e historia le han otorgado un valor cultural y paisajístico protagonizado además de por una serie de construcciones, estructuras y artilugios hidráulicos, por ramblas y humedales, por tradiciones y sistemas de organización y gobernanza que hasta la fecha han quedado en un segundo plano y que resultan imprescindibles para comprender la pervivencia de la agricultura y regadíos tradicionales. Es el caso del papel que la Orden Militar de Santiago jugó en la trasformación del espacio y la forma de gobierno del agua, sistemas que se han adaptado perviviendo hasta la actualidad, y que a pesar de su importancia en la evolución del territorio son hoy poco conocidos no sólo para sus habitantes sino también para la administración local y regional. El objetivo fundamental es aportar nuevos datos, como resultado de una parte de la investigación, que a través del proyecto de I+D+I del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad Análisis del impacto de estrategias de regeneración urbana sobre la conservación del patrimonio cultural de zonas industriales históricas, venimos realizando desde 2016. Todo ello constituye un material básico para entender los bienes patrimoniales, muchos de ellos en uso actualmente, para mostrar la trascendencia que tiene su protección no sólo en su materialidad concreta, sino en el discurso histórico que permite entender desde su pasado por qué constituyen un Patrimonio Agrario vivo que ha podido pervivir y adaptarse a nuevos señores, mejores usos, reparticiones y trasformaciones, hasta constituir una de las más relevantes señas de identidad de todo el territorio del Levante Peninsular.
El modelo de gestión del patrimonio funerario aplicado al cementerio de Ciriego en Santander
Authors: Bermejo Lorenzo Carmen
Published: May 2021

En la última década, la gestión del patrimonio funerario ha despertado el interés de los responsables de los cementerios buscando, en la mayor parte de las ocasiones, una herramienta efectiva para preservar la identidad del recinto. En este artículo analizamos el caso particular del modelo aplicado al cementerio municipal de Ciriego en Santander, apoyado en el diseño e implantación de un plan director, encaminado a la protección tanto de los usos generales como de los bienes patrimoniales allí custodiados, así como su eficacia trascurridos más de diez años.
La restauración monumental en la ciudad de Jaén durante el Franquismo
Authors: Almansa Moreno José Manuel
Published: May 2021

A través de este estudio pretendemos analizar las diferentes intervenciones llevadas a cabo en la arquitectura religiosa de la ciudad de Jaén (España) durante la Dictadura Franquista. Estas actuaciones estaban destinadas a solventar los daños provocados por la Guerra Civil, así como a mejorar el calamitoso estado que presentaban estos edifiios por el paso de los años. Las mismas fueron fianciadas por los principales organismos encargados del Patrimonio Histórico-Artístico durante esta época (la Dirección General de Regiones Devastadas, la Dirección General de Arquitectura y la Dirección General de Bellas Artes) y fueron llevadas a cabo por Francisco Prieto-Moreno Pardo, Ramón Pajares Pardo y Francisco de Paula López Rivera entre otros, arquitectos a quienes se deben la mayoría de las actuaciones acometidas en la provincia de Jaén durante la mitad del siglo XX. A través de la documentación procedente de los diferentes archivos, así como de las fuentes bibliográfias consultadas, pretendemos hacer una aproximación a las restauraciones llevadas a cabo en estos monumentos religiosos, la mayoría de las cuales iban en sintonía con la legislación a nivel nacional. No obstante, también analizaremos ejemplos en los que estas pautas no son cumplidas, lo cual supuso la total transformación de la fábrica de estos edifiios.
RIVERA BLANCO, Javier (coord.). Universidad de Alcalá. 40 Aniversario restaurando el Patrimonio universitario desde 1977. Alcalá de Henares, Universidad, 2018.
Authors: Castillo Ruiz José
Published: May 2021

El libro que presentamos se corresponde con una de las actividades realizadas en el contexto del Año Europeo del Patrimonio Cultural, que en el caso de la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares ha coincidido con otros dos importantísimos aniversarios, el del V Centenario de la muerte de su fundador, el Cardenal Cisneros, y el del 40 aniversario de la recuperación de la Universidad de Alcalá en el curso 1977-1978, la cual había sido cerrada y trasladada a mediados de siglo XIX a Madrid a pesar de su grandioso pasado.
La formación del Historiador del Arte ante la planificación urbanística: aportaciones y carencias. De un proyecto de investigación I+D, a la catalogación de un Plan General de Ordenación Urbana
Authors: Asenjo Rubio Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Este artículo se centra en los retos que ha tenido que afrontar el Historiador del Arte en las últimas décadas en relación con su participación en la planificación urbanística. He abordado esta temática desde dos experiencias laborales; la primera, desde un proyecto nacional de investigación sobre la pintura mural y las consecuencias de su catalogación urbanística, y la segunda como redactor de las memorias y las fichas de catalogación del patrimonio arquitectónico en diversos planes generales y planes especiales de protección. De esta experiencia se deriva la necesidad de abordar que los Historiadores del Arte tengan una formación más completa en el campo urbanístico. Una buena identificación y selección del patrimonio arquitectónico tendría unas consecuencias muy positivas en los municipios, tanto en la preservación de sus bienes, como al ponerlos a disposición de los usuarios y del turismo, convirtiéndose en activos para su dinamización social y económica.
Left-Wing Populism
Authors: Liargovas Panagiotis , Tzifakis Nikolaos
Published: May 2021

The transformation of syriza from a minor party struggling to enter parliament into a major governing party within a short period of time, its rule in the context of an economic crisis, and its resilience following four and a half years of governance make a very interesting story. syriza has been the only radical left populist party that has governed an EU country in recent times. This introductory article accounts for the factors that facilitated syriza’s catapulting to power, while the special issue assesses some of the main issues that the syriza-led government dealt with from 2015 to 2019. With the danger of oversimplifying a more complex picture, the special issue editors argue that syriza emerged as a serious contender to power owing to two factors: i) the errors in the economic policies of the governments that ruled during the 2010–2014 period, and ii) its successful exploitation of the opportunity to capitalize on the dynamics of a grassroots protest movement (the ‘Aganaktismenoi’) through the adoption of the movement’s populist discourses. The introduction then explicates the consolidation of syriza in the Greek political system and concludes with a brief presentation of the structure of the special issue.
Blessing or Curse?
Authors: Valvis Anastasios , Petropoulos Sotiris , Kaisari Katerina , Huliaras Asteris
Published: May 2021

Studies have identified variables that influence ngo objectives, organizational structures and activities, often related to the broader socio-economic context. Among the most important are the availability of funding and the density of networks. Both factors affect ngo s by driving them either to adjust priorities and widen or limit their operations and/or to become more or less extrovert. This article aims to assess whether, how and to what extent the recent refugee crisis has impacted the Greek ngo ecosystem in terms of scope of activities, professionalization, organizational structures and transnational networking. Available funding, mostly from European institutions, has suddenly and spectacularly increased while International ngo s (ingo s) established operations to Greece – some cooperating with local partners. Likewise, several Greek ngo s (gngo s) embarked on a process of significant operational expansion, mostly ‘in the field’ and as part of an ‘emergency response’. Also, a series of grassroots organizations have been created – mainly at the local level. Based on a series of interviews with executives of the most recognizable gngo s, funders and policymakers and a survey based on questionnaires, the authors argue that the impact was both positive and negative and varied extensively depending on the size and type of organization under focus.
Algoritmos de compresión para la optimización del consumo de batería en la ganadería de precisión.
Authors: Ramírez John Esteban Castro , Toro Mauricio , Mesa Johan , Vélez Carlos
Published: May 2021

La existencia del ganado es primordial para los humanos, ya que proporciona el 33% de nuestra dieta. Por tanto, es muy habitual encontrarse con el uso de herramientas tecnológicas que optimicen los procesos que se desarrollan con estos animales, como por ejemplo la ganadería de precisión, la cual monitoriza y automatiza continuamente la salud animal; sin embargo, hacen falta algunos ajustes, pensando en el público que suele usar este recurso, por lo que se hacen necesarios programas que minimicen diferentes recursos que en muchas ocasiones son escasos. Existen gran variedad de dificultades enlazadas con la anteriormente descrita, las cuales se analizarán, para encontrar una solución más completa y/o robusta.En este trabajo, realizamos una compresión y descompresión de imágenes con el fin de generar un mayor ahorro de energía y tiempo. El algoritmo usado es una combinación de compresión de imágenes con pérdida y sin pérdida, en este caso del escalamiento mediante el vecino más cercano y el LZ77 respectivamente; obtuvimos unas buenas tasas de compresión, en la mayoría a la octava parte de la imagen y a la vez no perdimos muchos datos durante la compresión logrando un buen balance entre consumo de energía y tiempo.
Over-expression of centromere protein F in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal endometrium and endometrial tumors from humans. We identified centromere protein F, encoded by CENPF, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. CENPF was expressed at significantly higher levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, primary tumor expression of CENPF was correlated with overall survival in patients with endometrial cancer. CENPF may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
Review of “Roy Harrod” by Esteban Pérez Caldentey
Authors: Hoover Kevin D.
Published: May 2021

Review of “Roy Harrod” by Esteban Pérez Caldentey
Local Newspaper Decline and Political Polarization - Evidence from a Multi-Party Setting
Authors: Ellger Fabio , Hilbig Hanno , Riaz Sascha , Tillmann Philipp
Published: May 2021

How does the decline of traditional news outlets affect political polarization? We provide novel evidence on this question by examining the link between local newspaper exits, media consumption, and ultimately electoral behavior in a multi-party setting. Our empirical analysis combines a unique panel of all German local newspapers between 1980 and 2009, electoral returns, and an annual media consumption survey of more than 670,000 respondents. Using a difference-in-differences design, we demonstrate that local newspaper exits causally increase electoral polarization. In addition, we show that local news exits increase individual-level politicization and partisanship. Further analyses point to changes in media consumption as the underlying mechanism driving this result: following local news exits, consumers substitute local news with national tabloid news. Our findings have implications for scholarship on the nationalization of news, and shed new light on the causal chain running from changing local news landscapes to electoral behavior.
Review of “Economic Knowledge in Socialism, 1945-89.” Annual Supplement to Volume 51 of History of Political Economy, edited by Till Düppe and Ivan Boldyrev
Authors: Iandolo Alessandro
Published: May 2021

Review of “Economic Knowledge in Socialism, 1945-89.” Annual Supplement to Volume 51 of History of Political Economy, edited by Till Düppe and Ivan Boldyrev
The limit y of the incident particle under the superradiance of Kerr black hole
Authors: Chen Wen-Xiang
Published: May 2021

It is important to emphasize that as the reference has proved well, the critical storage line of black hole field system is universal, that is, different scalar field coupling functions with the same weak field behavior are $\{C(\phi) \} , C (\phi) =1+\alpha\phi ^{2} + o(\phi ^{4})$, and have the same function behavior $\alpha=\alpha (\mu); a / M) $. The purpose of this paper is to find out the limit $y$ of the incident particle under the superradiance of the preset boundary (${\mu} = {y}{\omega}$).
From the ivory tower to the public square: Strategies to restore public trust in science
Authors: Deviri Dan
Published: May 2021

For centuries, the scientific community has played a major part in the progress of humanity. Scientific and technological innovations have boosted labour productivity, enabled important social progress, eradicated diseases, and generally improved the quality of life for most people. However, over the last decades, a worrisome trend of science-skepticism is on the rise. At the level of individuals, it renders citizens non-cooperating with scientifically informed policies, such as vaccination and social distancing policies. At the level of communities, which are often organized politically, skepticism may prevent translation of scientific consensus to political consensus and adoption of needed policies, such as reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. Here, we consider the mechanisms that may underlie the diminishing trust in the scientific community, and suggest five strategies to regain this trust: (1) Incentivize direct public outreach. (2) Form a nationwide science communication network. (3) Adopt official, agnostic stands in non-scientific debates. (4) Continuously communicate with leaders of wary groups. (5) Strive for unbiased academic evaluation practices. Following these strategies will hopefully increase public trust by adapting science communication to the era of social media, diversifying the scientific community, and facilitating collaboration with wary communities.
Is the juice worth the squeeze? Learning the marginal value of mental effort over time
Authors: Otto A. Ross , Braem Senne , Silvetti Massimo , Vassena Eliana
Published: May 2021

In keeping with the view that individuals invest cognitive effort in accordance with its relative costs and benefits, reward incentives typically improve performance in tasks that require cognitive effort. At the same time, increasing effort investment may confer larger or smaller performance benefits—i.e., the marginal value of effort—depending on the situation, or context. On this view, we hypothesize that the magnitude of reward-induced effort modulations should depend critically on the marginal value of effort for the given context, and furthermore, the marginal value of effort of a context should be learned over time as a function of direct experience in the context. Using two well-characterized cognitive control tasks and simple computational models, we demonstrate that individuals appear to learn the marginal value of effort for different contexts. In a task-switching paradigm (Experiment 1), we found that participants initially exhibited reward-induced switch cost reductions across contexts—here, task switch rates—but over time learned to only increase effort in contexts with a comparatively larger marginal utility of effort. Likewise, in a Flanker task (Experiment 2), we observed a similar learning effect across contexts defined by the proportion of incongruent trials. Together, these results enrich theories of cost-benefit effort decision-making by highlighting the importance of the (learned) marginal utility of cognitive effort.
Interpersonal synchrony is associated with infants’ reactions to subtle changes in caregiver-infant interactions
Authors: Markova Gabriela , Nguyen Trinh
Published: May 2021

The present study examined the role of interpersonal synchrony between mothers and their 4-month-old infants (N = 40) in infant responses to a modified interaction where mothers continually looked and verbalised towards but did not engage with their children. During a natural interaction we observed behavioural synchrony and for a subsample of infants (n = 20) measured change in their salivary oxytocin from before to after the interaction. During the modified interaction we observed infant gaze, positive, and negative affect. We found that higher interpersonal synchrony was related to longer infants’ social gaze and shorter displays of negative affect during the modified interaction. Increase in infant oxytocin was also associated with longer gaze, but also longer negative and shorter positive affect during the modified interaction. Our results show that interpersonal synchrony allows infants to notice changes in interactions with others, but also helps them to regulate their emotions during such modified exchanges. These findings thus indicate the importance of synchrony experiences with caregivers for the development of early regulatory capacities.
Eye placement bias is remarkably robust
Authors: Smith Kirsten , Kempe Vera , Wood Lara
Published: May 2021

When drawing faces, people show a systematic bias of placing the eyes higher up the head than they are placed in reality. The current study investigated the development of this phenomenon while removing the potential confound of drawing ability. Participants (N = 124) in three age groups (3-5yo, 10-11yo, and adults) reconstructed two foam faces, one from observation and one from memory. The high eye placement bias was remarkably robust with mean eye placement in every condition significantly higher than the original faces. The same bias was not shown for mouth placement. Eye placement was highest for the youngest participants and for the memory conditions. The results suggest that an eye placement bias is not caused by the motor skill demands required for drawing and lend evidence to the suggestion that an eye placement bias is caused by perceptual and decision-making processes.
Spearman’s Hypothesis in the Vietnam Experience Study and National Longitudinal Survey of Youth ‘79
Authors: Lasker Jordan , Nyborg Helmuth , Kirkegaard Emil O. W.
Published: May 2021

There are few empirically derived theories explaining group differences in cognitive ability. Spearman's hypothesis is one such theory which holds that group differences are a function of a given test's relationship to general intelligence, g. Research into this hypothesis has generally been limited to the application of a single method lacking sensitivity, specificity, and the ability to assess test bias: Jensen’s method of correlated vectors. In order to overcome the resulting empirical gap, we applied three different psychometrically sound methods to examine the hypothesis among American blacks and whites in the Vietnam Experience Study (VES) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY ‘79). We first used multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to assess bias and evaluate the hypothesis directly; we found that strict factorial invariance was tenable in both samples and either the strong or the weak form of the hypothesis was supported, with 87 and 78% of the group differences attributable to g in the VES and NLSY ’79 respectively. Using item response theory metrics to avoid pass rate confounding, a strong relationship between g loadings and group differences (r = 0.80 and 0.79) was observed. Finally, assessing differential item functioning with item level data revealed that a handful of items functioned differently, but their removal did not affect gap sizes much beyond what would be expected from shortening tests, and assessing the effect this had on scores using an anchoring method, the differential functioning was found to be negligible in size. In aggregate, results supported Spearman's hypothesis but not test bias as an explanation for the cognitive differences between the groups we studied.
The mindful lawyer: Investigating the effects of two online mindfulness programs on self-reported well-being in the legal profession
Authors: Nielsen Emily , Minda John Paul
Published: May 2021

a.Objectives: Two studies were conducted to determine whether mindfulness meditation could be an effective tool for improving the well-being of lawyers—a population plagued by high rates of depression, anxiety, and stress.b.Methods: Study 1. Participants recruited from the National Association of Women Lawyers completed questionnaires before and after engaging in an 8-week mindfulness program. Study 2. Lawyers from an American law firm were randomly assigned to either an experimental or waitlist control condition. Well-being was measured at the beginning of the study and after experimental participants had completed a 30-day intervention. c.Results: Study 1. Participants reported significant improvements in mood, resilience, trait mindfulness, stress, anxiety, and depression over time. Study 2. Post-intervention, experimental participants reported better mood, lower levels of stress, and higher levels of non-reactivity and observing than waitlist control participants.d.Conclusions: Legal professionals may benefit from the practices of mindfulness and meditation.
The cognitive basis of dyslexia in school-aged children: a multiple case study in a transparent orthography
Authors: Dębska Agnieszka , Łuniewska Magdalena , Zubek Julian , Chyl Katarzyna , Dynak Agnieszka , Dzięgiel Gabriela , Beck Joanna Ludwika , Jednoróg Katarzyna , Grabowska Anna
Published: May 2021

This study focused on the role of numerous cognitive skills such as phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatized naming (RAN), visual and selective attention, auditory skills, and implicit learning in developmental dyslexia. We examined the (co)existence of cognitive deficits in dyslexia and assessed cognitive skills’ predictive value for reading. First, we compared school-aged children with severe reading impairment (n = 51) to typical readers (n = 71) to explore the individual patterns of deficits in dyslexia. Children with dyslexia, as a group, presented low PA and RAN scores, as well as limited implicit learning skills. However, we found no differences in the other domains. We found a phonological deficit in 51%, and a RAN deficit in 26% of children with dyslexia. These deficits coexisted in 14% of children. Deficits in other cognitive domains were uncommon and most often coexisted with phonological or RAN deficits. Despite having a severe reading impairment, 26% of children with dyslexia did not present any of the tested deficits. Second, in a group of children presenting a wide range of reading abilities (N = 211), we analyzed the relationship between cognitive skills and reading level. PA and RAN were independently related to reading abilities. Other skills did not explain any additional variance. The impact of PA and RAN on reading skills differed. While RAN was a consistent predictor of reading, PA predicted reading abilities particularly well in average and good readers with a smaller impact in poorer readers.
COVID19 Stress Scale - Hindi Version
Authors: Agarwal Ajay
Published: May 2021

Here, I present the Hindi version of the COVID Stress Scale (Taylor et al., 2020). Given the relevance in providing regional translations for psychological questionnaires for carrying out psychological surveys for every geographical location sans linguistic barriers and obtaining relevant insights for future public policy-making, the COVID Stress Scale has been translated into the language Hindi - the primary national language for country India.
Between Two Crises: New York's Artisanal Food Startup Founders
Authors: Than Nga
Published: May 2021

Food startups, small-scale artisanal food preparation enterprises, have proliferated in many global cities since the 2008-2009 financial crisis. In the United States, specialty food sales in 2019 had a 10.7 percent increase since 2017 (Specialty Food Association, 2020). In New York City, food manufacturing added 3,753 jobs or a 27 percent increase during the period between 2005 and 2015, providing opportunities for small-scale entrepreneurs (Center for an Urban Future, 2016; Evergreen, 2015; Schrock et al 2019). Mass layoffs in the 2008 economic crisis sped up the sector’s development, which provided a way for a diverse group of business founders including immigrants, expats, and recent college graduates to capitalize on their knowledge, skills, and networks. The current COVID-19 pandemic, a global public health crisis, has put a pause to this decade-long development, sheds lights on precarious conditions that food entrepreneurs face, and shows the important role that the city government plays in supporting this group.
Facilitators and barriers for clinical implementation of a 30-minute point-of-care test for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis into clinical care: a qualitative study within sexual health services in England
Authors: Pacho Agata , Harding-Esch Emma , De-Allie Emma G. Heming , Phillips Laura , Furegato Martina , Sadiq S. T. , Fuller Sebastian
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUNDPoint-of-care tests (POCTs) to diagnose sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have potential to positively impact patient management and patient perceptions of clinical services. Yet there remains a disconnect between development of new technologies and their implementation into clinical care. With the advent of new STI POCTs arriving to the global market, guidance for their successful adoption and implementation into clinical services is urgently needed. METHODSWe conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with professionals prior to and post-implementation of a Chlamydia trachomatis/Neisseria gonorrhoeae POCT into clinical services in England to define key stakeholder roles and explore the process of POCT integration. Participants self-identified themselves as key stakeholders in the STI POCT adoption and/or implementation processes. Data consisted of interview transcripts, which were analysed thematically using NVIVO 11. RESULTSSix sexual health services were included in the study; three of which have implemented POCTs. We conducted 40 total interviews; 31 prior to POCT implementation; 9 post-implementation. Post-implementation data showed that implementation plans required little or no change during service evaluation. Lead clinicians and managers self-identified as key stakeholders for the decision to purchase, while nurses self-identified as “change champions” for implementation. Many identified senior clinical staff as those most likely to introduce and drive change. However, participants stressed the importance of engaging all clinical staff in implementation. While the accuracy of the POCT, its positive impact on patient management and the ease of its integration within existing pathways were considered essential, costs of purchasing and utilising the technology were identified as central to the decision to purchase. CONCLUSION Our study shows that key decision-makers for adoption and implementation require STI POCTs to have laboratory-comparable accuracy and be affordable for purchase and ongoing use. Further, successful integration of POCTs into sexual health services relies on supportive interpersonal relationships between all levels of staff.
Afera Grimma-Hoffmanna. Szwajcarski przypadek samowolnej misji parlamentarzysty w polityce zagranicznej
Authors: Bednarz Piotr
Published: May 2021

The years of the First World War were also a difficult period for Swiss society. Its political polarization came out particularly sharply in the face of the political crises that occurred at the time. One of the most serious was the so-called Grimm-Hoffmann affair of June 1917. The leader of the Swiss socialist milieu, one of the better-known parliamentarians, Robert Grimm, who went to Stockholm to attend the socialist congress and then to Petrograd, turned out to be a secret agent of the head of the Political Department of the Swiss government, Arthur Hoffmann. Robert Grimm’s mission was to probe the new Russian government about the possibility of a separate peace between Russia and Germany. This exposed unlawful action, undertaken without the agreement of the government, led to an international scandal, as the actions of R. Grimm and A. Hoffmann were contrary to Switzerland’s policy of neutrality. At the same time, there was an intensified press campaign in the country against A. Hoffmann, ending with his resignation. The arguments used by the public in their attacks on A. Hoffmann, clearly show that the Swiss society did not tolerate the actions of parliamentarians that went against the customs of a democratic state.
Koncepcje rozwoju integracji europejskiej na podstawie informacji ministrów spraw zagranicznych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (2012–2019)
Authors: Lewandowski Arkadiusz , Tomaszewski Patryk
Published: May 2021

The authors of the article analysed the information provided in the Sejm by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs on current foreign policy in 2012–2019. The authors’ efforts were mainly focused on fragments of speeches dedicated to the European Union, fundamental for conducting a long-term, strategic Polish policy within the EU. The authors considered the following as such problems: plans for the role of Poland in the EU and its future political shape, as well as the resulting security policy, especially when it comes to energetic security, which is important from the point of view of Poland’s sovereignty, as well as the common EU policy. Content analysis (both qualitative and quantitative) and a comparative technique, which was used to determine similarities and differences in the analysed materials, were chosen as the research method. The hypothesis formulated assumed that the approach to relations with the EU presented by the PO-PSL coalition, and then the United Right, differed significantly because it was based on a different paradigm. In the recommendations of the PO-PSL we can see references to the liberal/neoliberal theory, while in the recommendations of the United Right we can see references to the realism/neorealism theory.