bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The recent developments in cloud removal approaches of MODIS snow cover product
Authors: Li Xinghua , Jing Yinghong , Shen Huanfeng , Zhang Liangpei
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The snow cover products of optical remote sensing systems
play an important role in research into global climate change, the
hydrological cycle, and the energy balance. Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow cover products are the most popular datasets
used in the community. However, for MODIS, cloud cover results in spatial
and temporal discontinuity for long-term snow monitoring. In the last few
decades, a large number of cloud removal methods for MODIS snow cover
products have been proposed. In this paper, our goal is to make a
comprehensive summarization of the existing algorithms for generating
cloud-free MODIS snow cover products and to expose the development trends.
The methods of generating cloud-free MODIS snow cover products are
classified into spatial methods, temporal methods, spatio-temporal methods,
and multi-source fusion methods. The spatial methods and temporal methods
remove the cloud cover of the snow product based on the spatial patterns and
temporal changing correlation of the snowpack, respectively. The
spatio-temporal methods utilize the spatial and temporal features of snow
jointly. The multi-source fusion methods utilize the complementary
information among different sources among optical observations, microwave
observations, and station observations.
Unraveling the spatial diversity of Indian precipitation
teleconnections via nonlinear multi-scale approach
Authors: Kurths Jürgen , Agarwal Ankit , Marwan Norbert , Rathinasamy Maheswaran , Caesar Levke , Krishnan Raghvan , Merz Bruno
Published: May 2019

Abstract. A better understanding of precipitation dynamics in the Indian subcontinent is required since India’s society depends heavily on reliable monsoon forecasts. We introduce a nonlinear, multiscale approach, based on wavelets and event synchronization, for unraveling teleconnection influences on precipitation. We consider those climate patterns with highest relevance for Indian precipitation. Our results suggest significant influences which are not well captured by only the wavelet coherence analysis, the state-of-the-art method in understanding linkages at multiple time scales. We find substantial variation across India and across time scales. In particular, El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mainly influence precipitation in the southeast at interannual and decadal scales, respectively, whereas the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a strong connection to precipitation particularly in the northern regions. The effect of PDO stretches across the whole country, whereas AMO influences precipitation particularly in the central arid and semi-arid regions. The proposed method provides a powerful approach for capturing the dynamics of precipitation and, hence, helps improving precipitation forecasting.
Sensitivity of inverse glacial isostatic adjustment estimates over Antarctica
Authors: Willen Matthias O. , Horwath Martin , Schröder Ludwig , Groh Andreas , Ligtenberg Stefan R. M. , Kuipers Munneke Peter , van den Broeke Michiel R.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) is a major source of uncertainty in estimated ice and ocean mass balance that are based on satellite gravimetry. In particular over Antarctica the gravimetric effect of cryospheric mass change and GIA are of the same order of magnitude. Inverse estimates from geodetic observations are promising for separating the two superimposed mass signals. Here, we investigate the combination of satellite gravimetry and altimetry and how the choice of input data sets and processing details affect the inverse GIA estimates. This includes the combination for almost full GRACE lifespan (2002-04/2016-08). Further we show results from combining data sets on time-series level. Specifically on trend level, we assess the spread of GIA solutions that arises from (1) the choice of different degree-1 and C20 products, (2) different surface elevation change products derived from different altimetry missions and associated to different time intervals, and (3) the uncertainty of firn-process models. The decomposition of the total-mass signal into the ice-mass signal and the apparent GIA-mass signal depends strongly on correcting for apparent biases in initial solutions by forcing the mean GIA and GRACE trend over the low precipitation zone of East Antarctica to be zero. Prior to bias correction, the overall spread of total-mass change and apparent GIA-mass change using differing degree-1 and C20 products is 68 and 72 Gt a−1, respectively, for the same time period (2003-03/2009-10). The bias correction suppresses this spread to 6 and 5 Gt a−1, respectively. We characterise the firn-process model uncertainty empirically by analysing differences between two alternative surface-mass-balance products. The differences propagate to a 21 Gt a−1 spread in apparent GIA-mass-change estimates. The choice of the altimetry product poses the largest uncertainty on debiased mass-change estimates. The overall spread of debiased GIA-mass change amounts to 18 and 49 Gt a−1 for a fixed time period (2003-03/2009-10) and various time periods, respectively. Our findings point out limitations associated with data processing, correction for apparent biases, and time dependency.
Power Relation Reproduction Through Images: A Critical Semiotic Analysis of Language Textbooks
Authors: Pardesi Hajra Yousif
Published: May 2019

Images are in the form of pictures are often used to make books more attractive or more reader-friendly. Images are iconic signs that also convey some meaning. Unlike texts, the messages conveyed by images are less direct and affect human consciousness. This study offers critical analysis of images used in language textbooks from grade 1 to 5 used in government schools of Sindh, Pakistan. The aim of the study is to analyze what and how power relations are maintained and propagated through iconic signs, and how socioeconomic division and nationalist ideology is reproduced by the state through images. The analysis of images shows the portraying of reality in textbooks that legitimizes power relations. Based on Barthe’s image theory, the theoretical framework is adapted from Fitsumbirhan (2006) for the critical analysis of the images.
Technique for Evaluation of Gravity-Assisted Esophageal Transit Characteristics in Dogs with Megaesophagus
Authors: Haines Jillian M. , Khoo Alison , Brinkman Erin , Thomason John M. , Mackin Andrew J.
Published: May 2019

Movement of food material in the esophagus during upright feeding in dogs with megaesophagus (ME) is poorly characterized. A standardized contrast videofluoroscopy technique was used to evaluate esophageal transit characteristics in dogs with ME while in an upright position. Twelve dogs with ME (congenital, acquired idiopathic, or secondary to myasthenia gravis) were placed in an upright position using Bailey chairs and given liquid barium, canned food meatballs, and their normal diet consistency if different than meatballs. Passage of ingesta was videofluoroscopically evaluated by direct observation and change in ingesta area as determined by manual tracing or barium column product calculations. Significant individual variation was seen. Complete esophageal clearance of liquid was seen in four dogs, and complete clearance of meatballs in three dogs, with a median time of 5 min for both. Two of seven dogs fed a slurry diet had complete clearance by 10 min. No significant difference was found between area calculated via tracing or barium column product. Based on imaging results, alterations in food consistency, duration upright, or medication were recommended for nine dogs. In dogs with ME accustomed to a Bailey chair, contrast videofluoroscopy was technically straightforward and allowed for more specific physician-guided management recommendations.
Pneumatosis Coli in a Dog
Authors: Fisk Amanda , Allen-Durrance Ashley
Published: May 2019

The objective of this report is to document a case of pneumatosis coli in an immunosuppressed dog successfully treated with supportive care that included hyperbaric oxygen. A 9 yr old, neutered male Maltese was presented for hematochezia of ∼36 h duration. The dog had a history of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia that was well managed with prednisone and azathioprine. Initial evaluation was unremarkable except for increased rectal temperature and hematochezia on digital rectal examination. Abdominal radiographs revealed diffuse gas within the colonic wall consistent with pneumatosis coli. Scant-free air was also appreciated in the peritoneal and retroperitoneal cavities. The dog was managed for 4 days in hospital with broad spectrum antibiotic, anthelminthic, and gastroprotectant therapy. He received one session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy while in hospital. Repeat abdominal radiographs after 72 hr of medical management showed improvement of the pneumatosis coli. After 4 days of hospitalization, he was discharged with resolution of clinical signs. Pneumatosis coli is rarely diagnosed in dogs but should be considered in cases with clinical signs of colorectal disease.
Outcome of Metastatic and Recurrent Ovarian Dysgerminoma Using Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy in a Dog
Authors: Wilcox Cassandra L. , Hansen Katherine S. , Kent Michael S. , Phillips Kathryn L. , Willcox Jennifer L.
Published: May 2019

An 8 yr old female spayed poodle/terrier mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation of a recurrent and metastatic ovarian dysgerminoma. A total dose of 20Gy was administered to both the mediastinal metastatic lesion and retroperitoneal recurrent dysgerminoma in five daily fractions of 4Gy. Acute side effects were mild and self-limiting. This was followed by several courses of chemotherapy using a variety of agents. Despite extensive disease, this patient was still alive at the time of publication, 524 days after presentation and 501 days following completion of radiation. This case report demonstrates tolerability and efficacy of palliative radiation and chemotherapy for this rare tumor type.
Valine in diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): growth performance, chemical composition, blood parameters and skeletal muscle development
Authors: Rodrigues Rômulo B. , Hassemer Micheli Z. , Melo Iury W. A. , Neu Dacley H. , Bittencourt Fábio , Boscolo Wilson R.
Published: May 2019

Valine belongs to the group of branched-chain amino acids, has an important structural role and is primarily deposited as body protein. The present study evaluated the effects of valine in diets of juvenile Nile tilapia. A total of 216 juveniles with weight of 21.40 ± 0.42 g and length of 10.07 ± 1.00 cm were distributed into 18 aquarium in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replicates. Six diets containing 24.30% digestible protein, 3,100 kcal/kg digestible energy, and increasing valine levels (0.54; 0.63; 0.72; 0.81; 0.90; 0.99%) were prepared. The following factors were evaluated: performance, chemical composition, blood hematological and biochemical, and skeletal muscle development. Differences were observed in productive performance between treatments for weight gain, daily weight gain and apparent feed conversion, where inclusion levels from 0.81% to 0.99% provide better performances. According to the equation of quadratic regression, the inclusion of 0.86% of valine provided greater weight gain. Regarding the hematological and biochemical parameters, there were differences among the treatments for hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Not difference was observed for the chemical composition and muscle fiber growth. It is recommended the inclusion of 0.86% of valine in the diet of juveniles of Nile tilapia because it provides greater weight gain.
Judicial Review of Constitutional Amendments in Turkey
Authors: Özbudun Ergun
Published: May 2019

Judicial Review of Constitutional Amendments in Turkey: The Question of Unamendability

This article deals with the judicial review of constitutional amendments, which has been a hotly debated constitutional and political issue in Turkey, particularly with regard to the unamendable provisions of the constitution. Since its creation by the Constitution of 1961, the Turkish Constitutional Court has followed a markedly activist and tutelarist approach regarding this issue and annulled several constitutional amendments arguing that they violated the unamendable provisions of the Constitution. Recently, however, the Court adopted a self-restraining approach. This shift can be explained as part of the political regime’s drift towards competitive authoritarianism and the governing party’s (AKP) capturing almost total control over the entire judiciary.
De moeder als facilitator van intergenerationele overdracht binnen de georganiseerde misdaad
Authors: van Dijk Meintje , Kleemans Edward , Eichelsheim Veroni
Published: May 2019

The mother as facilitator of intergenerational continuity of organized crime

Previous research on intergenerational continuity of crime is primarily focused on transmission from fathers to children. In this article, we aim to give insight in the role of mothers in (the prevention of) continuity of organized crime. The results of our explorative study on 25 organized crime offenders based in Amsterdam and their partners and children, show that parenting skills and norms and values of mother seem to have an important role in both the intergenerational continuity of organized crime and the prevention of the transmission.
Musical intelligence of candidates for early childhood teachers
Authors: Mejzner Rafał
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the following article is to present the results of the research on the musical intelligence of candidates for early childhood education teachers. The research was carried out using a standardized test
developed by Herbert D. Wing. The author of the paper bases on the assumption that the level of musical intelligence of future teachers in kindergarten and fi rst grades of primary school largely determines the
effects of didactic work in the fi eld of music education conducted by academic teachers. The text ends with conclusions and postulates aimed at optimizing teacher education as part of music education.
Optimization and Validation of HS-SPME-GCMS Method for Determination of Multifumigant Residues in Grain, Oilseeds, Nuts, and Dry Fruit
Authors: Du Xin , Zhang Wenjuan , Liu Bo , Liu Tao , Xiao Yu , Taniguchi Miyuki , Ren YongLin
Published: May 2019

Background: Fumigants are approved in many countries and used to treat food, feed, and seed. The amount of residue that remains in fumigated materials is measured and reported. Objective: The optimization and validation of a high-sensitivity headspace solid-phase microextraction
gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (HS-SPME-GCMS) method for determination of eight fumigant residues—phosphine, methyl bromide, cyanogen, sulfuryl fluoride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, ethyl bromide and ethyl formate—in a range of food matrices were developed. The food matrices
included grain, oilseed, dried fruit, and nut. Methods: The new method was used to determine residue levels from a fumigant complex in food matrices by monitoring the change of the absorption of spiked standards and desorption of fumigant from fumigated samples. Results: Based
on the observation, the process of physical sorption and chemisorption was defined. The equilibrium time of the sample analysis was chosen at 5 hours. The LODs of the fumigants were in the range of 0.03 to 1.99 ng/g. Response to a range of diluted authentic standards gave significant linear
regressions (r2 > 0.9983), and the RSDs were ≤8.7% at the 3 ng/g level of aged spiking standard, except for sulfuryl fluoride, for which the LOD was 1.99 ng/g and the RSD value was 39.7% (6.64 ng/g). Conclusions: The performance of the HS-SPME-GCMS method was
more sensitive than the use of a gas syringe, except for sulfuryl fluoride. Highlights: An innovative multifumigant residue detection method based on HS-SPME sampling technology with gas chromatograph-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) analysis was established, including phosphine, methyl
bromide, cyanogen, sulfuryl fluoride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, ethyl bromide, and ethyl formate; The first report of a sorption study of the process of physical sorption and chemisorption of residual fumigant in fruit and food matrices by an HS-SPME-GCMS method; Consider the effect
of time on fumigant behavior in dried fruit, grain, and nut; The LODs of the fumigants were in the range of 0.03 to 1.99 ng/g.
FaPEx® Multipesticide Residues Extraction Kit for Minimizing Sample Preparation Time in Agricultural Produce
Authors: Chuang Wei-Chen , Chen Jou-Wen , Huang Chen-Hua , Shyu Tsyr-Horng , Lin Shao-Kai
Published: May 2019

Background: The quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method, generally applied to the determination of pesticide residues in food, has been recently modified and adopted for the analysis of pesticide residues worldwide, including Taiwan. Objective: The method
still needs to be improved, particularly in efficiency and normalization, because the time costs 20–30 min for extraction and cleanup of multiple pesticides in every food. Methods: In this study, we present a highly efficient and simple sample preparation method that was developed
for the determination of 380 pesticide residues in food, including mangoes, scallions, bok choy, apples, carrots, and pea seedlings. The homogenized 1 g samples mixed with 5 mL 1.0% acetic acid in acetonitrile were pushed through the FaPEx® (fast pesticide extraction) kits in a dropwise
manner to obtain sample extracts. The total processing time was less than 15 min. The extracts were subject to chromatographic separation followed by GC–tandem MS (MS/MS) and LC–MS/MS analysis. Results: For more than 270 pesticide residues in these foods, the test gave acceptable
mean recoveries, ranging between 70 and 120%, and relative SDs below 20%. The LOQ was at least 0.01 mg/kg for 380 pesticides. Conclusions: The developed method can greatly reduce the time needed for multiple pesticide residues analysis. Highlights: FaPEx is used for the extraction
of pesticide residues that relies on single-use pre-filled sealed cartridges. FaPEx diminishes operation time, glassware demand, and laboratory space requirement. It also significantly decreases the amount of chemical solvents.
Anpassungsbedarf in der Arzneimittelversorgung
Authors: Litsch Martin , Bogum Jana , Hopfgarten Christine
Published: May 2019

In den zurückliegenden Jahren hat sich gezeigt, dass Heilsversprechen und Nutzen des AMNOG für die Patienten oft auseinanderfallen. Dies gilt insbesondere bei Arzneimitteln für seltene Erkrankungen. Regelungslücken und neue Herausforderungen gibt es z.B. auch bei Gentherapien. Mit Blick auf die jüngsten Skandale um gepanschte Krebsarzneimittel und verunreinigte Wirkstoffe müssen Arzneimittelsicherheit und Patientenrechten mehr Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden. Der Beitrag skizziert, wo Anpassungsbedarf in der Arzneimittelversorgung besteht.
Die Übertragung von Wirtschaftsgütern bei Personengesellschaften
Authors: Krüger Christiane
Published: May 2019

Ziel der Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Konzeptes für eine Neufassung des § 6 Abs. 3 EStG und des § 6 Abs. 5 EStG. Hierzu erfolgt eine umfassende Analyse und Bewertung der de lege lata bestehenden Übertragungsmöglichkeiten für Einzelwirtschaftsgüter und Sachgesamtheiten bei Personengesellschaften.

Dieser Themenkomplex blickt auf eine immer wieder von Änderungen durchzogene Rechtsentwicklung zurück. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass es an einem einheitlichen und zusammenhängenden Regelungssystem für entsprechende Umstrukturierungsvorgänge fehlt. Anhaltspunkte für ihre buchwertneutrale Ausgestaltung finden sich lediglich – in z.T. bloß fragmentarischer Gestalt – in § 6 Abs. 3 EStG, § 6 Abs. 5 EStG, § 16 EStG sowie den §§ 20 ff. UmwStG als Kernnormen. Das vorhandene Regelungsgefüge wird unter Einbeziehung der Rechtsprechung des BFH und der Ansicht der Finanzverwaltung umfassend kritisch untersucht, um etwaige Schwachstellen aufzuzeigen, aber auch beizubehaltende Ansätze herauszuarbeiten.
Koch- und Ernährungskompetenz gelungen vermitteln
Authors: Menne Rebecca
Published: May 2019

Steigendes Übergewicht und Adipositas sind drängende Probleme unserer heutigen Gesellschaft, die sich bereits im Kindes- und Jugendalter manifestieren. Wissenschaftler fordern seit Jahren, die Aufklärung über eine gesunde Ernährungsweise und den Erwerb von Kompetenzen für eine ausgewogene Zubereitung von Speisen auch in den schulischen Kontext zu rücken und dort zu vermitteln. Oftmals fehlt es selbst Schülern, die im Berufsfeld Ernährung ausgebildet werden, an entsprechendem Sachverständnis. Theoretische Leitlinien zur Umsetzung dieser Forderung jedoch sind rar.

Rebecca Menne entwickelt im vorliegenden Buch ein didaktisches Konzept, das sowohl an der Berufsschule als auch im Lehramtsstudium eingesetzt werden kann. Ziel ist es, die Schüler sowie die Studierenden auch über den schulischen bzw. universitären Kontext hinaus für ein gesundes Ernährungsverhalten fit zu machen. Das erarbeitete Konzept ist in Form einer Schulung angelegt und gliedert sich in einen Theorieteil, der Basiswissen vermittelt, und einen Praxisteil, in dem die eigene Zubereitung von Gerichten im Mittelpunkt steht. Eine besondere Rolle spielen hierbei Fleischersatzprodukte als wichtiger Baustein einer vegetarischen und veganen Ernährung.
The Museum of Non-Objective Painting - Art of This Century
Authors: Wittmann Nina
Published: May 2019

Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Konkurrenzverhalten der beiden Guggenheim-Lager ist das zentrale Forschungsvorhaben der vorliegenden Arbeit. Besondere Gewichtung kommt in diesem Kontext dem Gründungsmuseum der Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, dem Museum of Non-Objective Painting und der Museumsgalerie Art of This Century zu. Nie zuvor wurde eine Gegenüberstellung dieser beiden Institutionen in diesem Umfang in einer Arbeit vorgenommen.
Die Studie schließt diese Forschungslücke, um ein differenziertes Bild des Konkurrenzkampfs innerhalb des New Yorker Kunstbetriebs zu gewinnen und somit eine erweiterte Diskussionsgrundlage zu schaffen. Es wird die Frage beantwortet, wie diese Konkurrenz zwischen den beiden Guggenheim-Lagern zustande kam und sich vor dem Hintergrund der amerikanischen zeitgenössischen Kunstszene entwickelte. Als Hauptakteure dieser Auseinandersetzung stehen sich zwei Persönlichkeiten gegenüber: Hilla Rebay und Peggy Guggenheim. Das Wirken dieser beiden Frauen vor dem Hintergrund ihrer zunehmenden Gegnerschaft wird in einer umfassenden sozial- und kulturhistorischen Studie untersucht. Es soll einerseits verdeutlicht werden, wo Berührungspunkte zwischen den Sammlerinnen bestanden haben, andererseits soll die wachsende Rivalität der beiden Frauen näher beleuchtet werden. Das Anliegen dieser Arbeit ist, bereits bekannte Erkenntnisse unter Zugrundelegung eben dieses Konkurrenzkampfs kritisch zu prüfen und um neue Aspekte zu erweitern.
International Organizations and State Failure Prevention
Authors: Schlegel Steve
Published: May 2019

Based on the negative outcomes of international organisations trying to stabilise failing states, this study analyses the chances of success of international missions in acting preventively in so-called weak states. It therefore focuses on the OSCE’s missions in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, which for almost 20 years aimed to stabilise both countries. Using a strongly refined version of Schneckener’s model of fragile statehood, the study analyses the efforts of the OSCE to foster the three state functions of security, welfare and legitimacy/rule of law in both countries. It devotes particular attention to the OSCE’s dilemma of balancing effective work with not infringing on national sovereignty, which is de facto impossible with regard to fighting corruption. Finally, the study discusses three strategies in dealing with this dilemma.
Northwell Health Laboratories: The 10-Year Outcomes After Deciding to Keep the Lab
Authors: Jensen Kendal J. , Stallone Robert , Eller Michael , Castagnaro Joseph , Poczter Hannah , Tesoriero Richard , Balzano-Kane Jeanne , Gusman Cari , Bhuiya Tawfiqul , Breining Dwayne , Crawford James M.
Published: May 2019

Context.—

Northwell Health Laboratories were established in 1997, serving the Northwell Health system. In 2008, the health system considered minority entry into a joint venture with a commercial laboratory. Based on arguments made by Northwell laboratory leadership, the decision was made to retain full ownership of the laboratory.

Objective.—

To evaluate the 10-year outcomes of the 2008 decision and assess the value of a fully integrated laboratory service line for a regional health network.

Design.—

Ten-year outcomes were analyzed including financial, volume, and value-based activities.

Results.—

First, a fully integrated laboratory service line was created, with unified medical and managerial leadership. Second, Core Laboratory volumes and revenues grew at annualized rates of 4.5% and 16.0%, respectively. Third, hospital-based laboratory costs were held either constant, or grew in accordance with strategic clinical programs. Fourth, laboratory services were able to provide leadership in innovative system clinical programming and value-based payment programs. Fifth, the laboratories became a regional asset, forming a joint venture affiliation with New York City Health + Hospitals, and supporting distressed hospitals in Brooklyn, New York. Lastly, Northwell Health Laboratories have become a reputational asset through leadership in 2 consortia: The Compass Group and Project Santa Fe.

Conclusions.—

The 10-year outcomes have exceeded projections made in 2008, validating the decision to retain the laboratories as a wholly owned system asset. The laboratories are now well positioned for leading innovation in patient care and for helping to drive a favorable posture for the health system under new payment models for health care.
Use of the cross-leg distally based sural artery flap for the reconstruction of complex lower extremity defects
Authors: Liang Weihao , Tan Bien Keem
Published: May 2019

Cross-leg flaps are a useful reconstructive option for complex lower limb defects when free flaps cannot be performed owing to vessel damage. We describe the use of the extended distally based sural artery flap in a cross-leg fashion for lower extremity coverage in three patients. To maximise the viability of these extended flaps, a delay was performed by raising them in a bipedicled fashion before gradual division of the tip over 5 to 7 days for cross-leg transfer. Rigid coupling of the lower limbs with external fixators was critical in preventing flap avulsion and to promote neovascular takeover. The pedicle was gradually divided over the ensuing 7 to 14 days before full flap inset and removal of the external fixators. In all three patients, the flaps survived with no complications and successful coverage of the critical defect was achieved. One patient developed a grade 2 pressure injury on his heel that resolved with conservative dressings. The donor sites and external fixator pin wounds healed well, with no functional morbidity. The cross-leg extended distally based sural artery flap is a reliable reconstructive option in challenging scenarios. Adequate flap delay, manoeuvres to reduce congestion, and postoperative rigid immobilization are key to a successful outcome.
A comparative study between sterile freeze-dried and sterile pre-hydrated acellular dermal matrix in tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction
Authors: Cheon Jeong Hyun , Yoon Eul Sik , Kim Jin Woo , Park Seung Ha , Lee Byung Il
Published: May 2019

Background In implant-based breast reconstruction, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is essential for supporting the inferolateral pole. Recent studies have compared non-sterilized freeze-dried ADM and sterilized pre-hydrated ADM, but have not assessed whether differences were attributable to factors related to sterile processing or packaging. This study was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes of breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs.

Methods Through a retrospective chart review, we analyzed 77 consecutive patients (85 breasts) who underwent tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction with either freeze-dried ADM (35 breasts) or pre-hydrated ADM (50 breasts) from March 2016 to February 2018. Demographic variables, postoperative outcomes, and operative parameters were compared between freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADM. Biopsy specimens were obtained for histologic analysis.

Results We obtained results after adjusting for variables found to be significant in univariate analyses. The total complication rate for freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADMs was 25.7% and 22.0%, respectively. Skin necrosis was significantly more frequent in the freeze-dried group than in the pre-hydrated group (8.6% vs. 4.0%, P=0.038). All other complications and operative parameters showed no significant differences. In the histologic analysis, collagen density, inflammation, and vascularity were higher in the pre-hydrated ADM group (P=0.042, P=0.006, P=0.005, respectively).

Conclusions There are limited data comparing the outcomes of tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs. In this study, we found that using pre-hydrated ADM resulted in less skin necrosis and better integration into host tissue. Pre-hydrated ADM may therefore be preferable to freeze-dried ADM in terms of convenience and safety.
Design of a combined cartilage graft crusher, morselizer and holder for use in rhinoplasty
Authors: Röjdmark Jonas , Cheema Mubashir
Published: May 2019

A combined cartilage holder and crusher is described that allows the surgeon to hold, crush, morselize, and suture a single piece or stack of cartilage graft without letting it slip. The customized slit-shaped jaws allow adequate room for the suture needle, while the serrated surfaces hold the cartilage firmly. The use of this instrument is advocated primarily in rhinoplasty for manipulating and suturing a small cartilage graft or a stack of grafts. The use of this instrument may be extended to aesthetic or reconstructive cases where cartilage grafts need to be sutured or shaped, as in eyelid, ear, and nipple reconstruction.
ЕКОНОМСКИ ОПИС СРЕЗА ВИСОКО
Authors: ПИЈУК-ПЕЈЧИЋ АЛЕКСАНДРА
Published: May 2019

Срез Високо је, по административно-територијалној подјели Краљевине СХС на области 1922. године1 улазио у састав Сарајевске области.2Овдје представљамо документ под називом ''Економски опис среза Високо'' из 1928. године, који је упутио поглавар Среза Високо, а на захтјев великог жупана Сарајевске области. Документ се састоји од 13 цјелина, од којих свака пружа богатство података који се односе на: географски опис среза, његову величину, број општина и села, врсту земљишта, климатске прилике, текуће воде, начин искоришћавања и обраде земљишта, степен интензивности обраде појединих култура и жетвени принос, ручну и спрежну радну снагу, број земљопосједника и становника, груписање имања, сточарство, саобраћајна средства, индустрију, трговину, тржишта и тржне цијене.
БАЊАЛУКА У ФОТО-АРХИВИ НОВИНСКЕ АГЕНЦИЈЕ ''ТАНЈУГ''
Authors: КОВАЧЕВИЋ ЈЕЛЕНА
Published: May 2019

У раду је приложен попис филмова Новинске агенције''Танјуг'' који прате различита културна, друштвена, спортска и остала дешава-ња у Бањалуци, као и активности Бањалучана у другим местима у Југославији,у временском распону од 1947. до 1991.
МАНАСТИР ТАВНА У ПЕРИОДУ XVI–XVII ВИЈЕКА. РЕВАЛОРИЗАЦИЈА ИСТОРИЈСКИХ ИЗВОРА И РАДОВА О МАНАСТИРУ
Authors: ГАВРАНОВИЋ ДАНИЛО
Published: May 2019

Тематика рада обухвата временски период од првог помена манастира Тавна до краја XVII вијека. Анализирани су досадашњи радови о манастиру, прецизније, представљени и библиографским описима допуњени њихови историјски извори. Указано је на превиде који су настали приликом објављивања извора и њихове анализе. Представљени су помени манастира и села Тавна из српских рукописних поменика манастира Крушедол (XVI вијек) и манастира Рача на Дрини (XVII вијек). На основу досадашњих проучавања обима средњовјековних манастирских библиотека анализиран је могући обим средњовјековне библиотеке манастира Тавна. Са посебним освртом на писар-ски запис, представљена је и анализирана рукописна књига Минеј за мјесец фебруар, коју је 1629. године у манастиру Тавна преписао писар белац Стојан. Писарска дјелатност белца Стојана сагледана је у ширем контексту дјелатности гостујућих писара. Предложене су смјернице за детаљније палеографске и археографске анализе дјелатности српских писара са истим именом – Стојан, крајем XVI и током XVII вијека, које би имале за циљ идентификацију евенту-алних нових рукописа белца Стојана.
ЕДМУНД СПЕНСЕР О ОСМАНСКОЈ БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ 1850.
Authors: СУБИЋ РАДОВАН
Published: May 2019

Едмунд Спенсер је у свом двотомном путописном дјелу ''Путовања кроз Европску Турску 1850'' (Travels in European Turkey in 1850, through Bosnia, Servia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Thrace, Albania and Epirus, with a visit to Greece and Ionian Isles, and a homeward tour through Hungary and the Sla-vonian provinces of Austria on the lower Danube), објављеном у Лондону 1851, описао балканске провинције Османског царства. У овом раду приказујемо његова запажања изнесена у поглављима XVII, XVIII и XIX првог тома, а која се односе на простор данашње Босне и Херцеговине.
КУЛТУРНЕ ПРИЛИКЕ КАО ТЕМА БОСАНСКОХЕРЦЕГОВАЧКОГ САБОРА 1910–1911. ГОДИНЕ
Authors: ПРЕРАДОВИЋ СРЂАН
Published: May 2019

У раду ће бити ријечи о културним приликама као теми Босанскохерцеговачког сабора у прве двије године засједања. Иако се на сјед-ницама углавном расправљало о економским и социјалним питањима, култура и просвјета су такође биле нeзаобилазне теме на бројним сједницама. Ове скуп-штинске расправе су углавном биле критике посланика на рачун Земаљске вла-де. Главне теме су биле немар владе по питању школства и просвјећивања, затим учитељско питање, те питање језика и писма. Током прве двије године засједања Сабор је донио Закон о обавезној настави и неколико резолуција везаних за просвјету и културу.
ЈУБИЛАРНЕ ПРОСЛАВЕ КУЛТУРНО-ПРОСВЈЕТНОГ РАДА СТЕВЕ КАЛУЂЕРЧИЋА И ИСАИЈЕ МИТРОВИЋА
Authors: МАЛОВИЋ ГОЈКО
Published: May 2019

У поводу актуелних обиљежавања 70 година од смрти значајних срп-ских културно-просвјетних дјелатника Стевана – Стеве Калуђерчића (†1948) и Исаије Митровића (†1949), прилика је да се објаве два, непозната или мало позната, архивска документа о прославама односно обиљежавањима јубилеја њиховог културно-просвјетног рада.
НАШЕ ВРЕМЕ И КУЛТУРА
Authors: МИКИЋ ЂОРЂЕ
Published: May 2019

Данас, као и много пута у прошлости, код Срба се актуелизује питање и државе и културе. Досадашња држава и култура биле су тековине модерниза-ције и цивилизације XIX века. Данас у функционисању и државе и културе почиње да преовладава нова прагматична филозофија. Њена суштина више није заснована на држави нације ни на изразито националној култури. Кад је реч о култури, као и о науци, она не трпи локалне забране нити изолованост од других, поготово јачих цивилизација.
Реч о књизи др Станка Нишића (Станко Нишић, Тимар у Републици Српској, Институт за историју, Бањалука 2018, стр. 489)
Authors: МИКИЋ ЂОРЂЕ
Published: May 2019

Говор о делу др Станка Нишића намеће више тема, а свака од њих могла би да стане у посебну, или чак у више књига.Аутор др Нишић пошао је и ишао црвеном линијом нашег Тимара, око-ло и изнутра, од његова почетка са турским освајањем до данас.Стожер књиге је сама реч тимар, а онда његов арман.Тимар је термин из турског феудалног уређења које је почело са тзв. ти-марским системом. Тако је тимар уопште означавао посед који је у Турском царству добијан као дар за заслуге, обично у рату, али се није могао преносити на потомке. Тимарски спахија добијао је само ренту, а касније имање до 20.000 акчи. Сликовито речено, тимара је у Турском царству било као печурки.
Привреда Босанске Крајине 1878–1941. Зборник радова, Архив Републике Српске [и] Удружење архивских радника Републике Српске, Бањалука 2018, стр. 446
Authors: НОВАКОВИЋ ДАЛИБОР
Published: May 2019

С циљем да се што боље расвијетли и упозна привредни живот Босанске Крајине и Бањалуке, Архив Републике Српске је организовао научни скуп под називом ''Привреда Бањалуке и Босанске Крајине у настанку и развоју капита-лизма 1878–1941''. Скуп је одржан у Бањалуци, у малој вијећници Банског дво-ра 18. и 19. априла 2013. године и био је дио програма којим је Архив обиљежа-вао 60 година постојања. На скупу су учествовала 33 излагача, како из научних и културних установа Републике Српске тако и из околних држава, и општој теми привредне историје приступили из више научних области. Из тог разлога скуп је с правом добио регионални значај и карактер једне мултидисциплинар-не конференције.
Зоран С. Мачкић, Из Родине у Бањалуку. Руска емиграција у Бањалуци, Удружење архивских радника Републике Српске, Бањалука 2018, стр. 299
Authors: МИЛОШЕВИЋ БОРИВОЈЕ
Published: May 2019

Револуције из фебруара и октобра 1917. године, послије којих је услије-дио крвави грађански рат, избрисале су царску Русију са политичке карте сви-јета, а значајан дио руске интелектуалне елите спас од бољшевичких прогона нашао је у емиграцији. Претпоставља се да је око 40.000 Руса насељено на про-стору Краљевине СХС/Југославије. Краљ Александар Карађорђевић био је међу руским избјеглицама веома поштован и популаран, а руска емиграција је у њему видјела заштитника и покровитеља. Историчар Николај Степанов са Државног универзитета у Нижњем Новгороду наводи како је средином 20-их година XX вијека чак 28 руских професора преузело катедре на факултетима широм Краљевине Југославије. У основним и средњим школама Краљевине радило је више стотина наставника и учитеља руског поријекла. О руској еми-грацији на Балкану опширно је писао историчар Мирослав Јовановић. Његова волуминозна монографија Руска емиграција на Балкану 1920–1940. од заборава чува имена мноштва руских емиграната који су оставили дубок траг у научном и културном животу Краљевине Југославије.
Боривоје Милошевић, Бањалука у борби за ослобођење и уједињење: Поводом једног вијека од завршетка Првог свјетског рата, Архив Републике Српске и Удружење архивских радника Републике Српске, Бања Лука 2018, страна 101
Authors: ПЕЈАШИНОВИЋ ЗОРАН
Published: May 2019

Јубилеји обавезују, поготово они велики, округли. Тако је размишљао и историчар доцент др Боривоје Милошевић са Филозофског факултета у Бањој Луци, те је сачинио књигу о три догађаја из згуснуте локалне и националне историје концем 1918. године, а поводом њихове стогодишњице. Ријеч је о ула-ску српске војске у Бању Луку 21. новембра, потом, доношењу ''Бањалучке прокламације'' о присаједињењу Босне и Херцеговине Краљевини Србији шест дана касније и, коначно, проглашењу Краљевине Срба, Хрвата и Словенаца 1. децембра исте године.
Енциклопедија Републике Српске, 2, В–Г Академија наука и умјетности Републике Српске, Бањалука 2018, 759 стр.
Authors: ЂУРАН ГОРАН
Published: May 2019

Двадесет и четвртог октобра 2018. године на Међународном сајму књига у Београду представљен је други том Енциклопедије Републике Српске. На 759 страница двостубачног текста нашле су своје мјесто енциклопедијске одреднице трећег и четвртог азбучног слова – В и Г.Према Импресуму другог тома, чланови Уређивачког одбора били су: Рајко Кузмановић, предсједник, Драго Бранковић, Радослав Грујић, Драган Давидовић, Милорад Додик, Љубомир Зуковић, Васкрсија Јањић, Синиша Каран, Јасмин Комић, Бранко Летић, Дане Малешевић, Милан Матаруга, Драгољуб Мирјанић, Никола Поповић, Игор Радојичић, Слободан Реметић, Раде Ристовић, Снежана Савић, Жељка Цвијановић и Недељко Чубриловић. Централну редакцију су сачињавали: Рајко Кузмановић, предсједник, Драго Бранковић, Љубомир Зуковић, Васкрсија Jањић, Драгољуб Мирјанић, Раде Михаљчић, Слободан Реметић, Миливоје Унковић и Дренка Шећеров Зечевић, а Извршни одбор Уређивачког одбора – Рајко Кузмановић, предсједник, Драго Бранковић, Љубомир Зуковић, Драгољуб Мирјанић и Васкрсија Јањић. Постојале су и сљедеће стручне редакције: за Војску Републике Српске, за друштвене науке, за економију, за здравство и социјално осигурање, за историју и етнологију, за књижевност и језик, за културу и умјетност, за ликовно и графичко уређење, за насељена мјеста, за образовање, за пољопривреду, шумарство и водопривреду, за право, правосуђе, управу и локалну самоуправу, за природно-математичке науке, за спорт, за техничке науке, привреду и индустрију и за цркве и религију.
Слово о аутору и књизи (Витомир Поповић, Арбитража за област Брчко, спор или фарса стољећа, Академија наука и умјетности Републике Српске, Бањалука 2018, стр. 1008)
Authors: ВУКАДИНОВИЋ РАДОВАН
Published: May 2019

Уважени академици, поштоване даме и господо, драги чланови породи-це Поповић,У оваквим приликама беседници по правилу настоје да, на што је могуће објективнији начин, читаоцима представе дело о коме говоре. На почетку при-знајем да ћу бити и субјективан и објективан, из више разлога. Први је што, не само да познајем аутора, већ смо дугогодишње фах колеге и пријатељи, па је тешко да будем објективан. Други разлог је мала временска дистанца од дога-ђаја у којима нисам непосредно учествовао, већ само о њима слушао често исфризиране, идеологизоване и усмерене оцене и описе, па сам под њиховим снажним утицајем. Међутим, кад је реч о правним питањима којима се бави ова књига, трудићу се да будем објективан и критичан. Професионална етика и довољно дуго искуство ме обавезују на то да не пресуђујем олако ни људима ни догађајима, посебно мојим колегама и пријатељима, а ако то морам, да то буде "ни по бабу ни по стричевима, већ по правди бога истинитога". Да не мерим туђе ставове по мерилима људске субјективности, већ по божјој непри-страсној и објективној правди.
In silico analyses of CD14 molecule reveals significant evolutionary diversity potentially associated with speciation and variable immune response in mammals
Authors: Morenikeji Olanrewaju B , Thomas Bolaji N
Published: May 2019

Cluster differentiation gene (CD14) is a family of monocyte differentiating genes that works in conjunction with lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), forming a complex with TLR4 or LY96 to mediate innate immune response to pathogens. In this paper, we used different computational methods to elucidate the evolution of CD14 gene coding region in 14 mammalian species. Our analyses identified leucine rich repeats (LRRs) as the only significant domain across the CD14 protein of the 14 species, presenting with frequencies ranging from 1-4. Importantly, we found signal peptides located at mutational hotspots demonstrating this gene is conserved across these species. Out of the 10 selected variants analyzed in this study, only 6 were predicted to possess significant deleterious effect. Our predicted protein interactome showed a significant varying protein-protein interaction with CD14 protein across the species. This may be important for drug target and therapeutic manipulation for the treatment of many diseases. We conclude that these results contribute to our understanding of the CD14 molecular evolution, which underlays varying species response to complex disease traits.
Chemical modulation of transcriptionally enriched signaling pathways to optimize the conversion of fibroblasts into neurons
Authors: Herdy Joseph , Schafer Simon , Kim Yongsung , Ansari Zoya , Zangwill Dina , Ku Manching , Paquola Apua , Lee Hyungjun , Mertens Jerome , Gage Fred H
Published: May 2019

Direct conversion of human somatic fibroblasts into induced neurons (iNs) allows for the generation of functional neurons while bypassing any stem cell intermediary stages. Although iN technology has an enormous potential for modeling age-related diseases, as well as therapeutic approaches, the technology faces limitations due to variable conversion efficiencies and a lack of thorough understanding of the signaling pathways directing iN conversion. Here, we introduce a new all-in-one inducible lentiviral system that simplifies fibroblast transgenesis for the two pioneer transcription factors, Ngn2 and Ascl1, and markedly improves iN yields. Further, our timeline RNA-Seq data across the course of conversion has identified signaling pathways that become transcriptionally enriched during iN conversion. Small molecular modulators were identified for four signaling pathways that reliably increase the yield of iNs. Taken together, these advances provide an improved toolkit for iN technology and new insight into the mechanisms influencing direct iN conversion.
Fusion pore regulation by cAMP/Epac2 controls cargo release during insulin exocytosis
Authors: Guček Alenka , Gandasi Nikhil R , Omar-Hmeadi Muhmmad , Bakke Marit , Døskeland Stein O , Tengholm Anders , Barg Sebastian
Published: May 2019

Regulated exocytosis establishes a narrow fusion pore as initial aqueous connection to the extracellular space, through which small transmitter molecules such as ATP can exit. Co-release of polypeptides and hormones like insulin requires further expansion of the pore. There is evidence that pore expansion is regulated and can fail in diabetes and neurodegenerative disease. Here, we report that the cAMP-sensor Epac2 (Rap-GEF4) controls fusion pore behavior by acutely recruiting two pore-restricting proteins, amisyn and dynamin-1, to the exocytosis site in insulin-secreting beta-cells. cAMP elevation restricts and slows fusion pore expansion and peptide release, but not when Epac2 is inactivated pharmacologically or in Epac2-/- (Rapgef4-/-) mice. Consistently, overexpression of Epac2 impedes pore expansion. Widely used antidiabetic drugs (GLP-1 receptor agonists and sulfonylureas) activate this pathway and thereby paradoxically restrict hormone release. We conclude that Epac2/cAMP controls fusion pore expansion and thus the balance of hormone and transmitter release during insulin granule exocytosis.
KLK3/PSA and cathepsin D activate VEGF-C and VEGF-D
Authors: Jha Sawan Kumar , Rauniyar Khushbu , Chronowska Ewa , Mattonet Kenny , Maina Eunice Wairimu , Koistinen Hannu , Stenman Ulf-Håkan , Alitalo Kari , Jeltsch Michael
Published: May 2019

Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) acts primarily on endothelial cells, but also on non-vascular targets, for example in the CNS and immune system. Here we describe a novel, unique VEGF-C form in the human reproductive system produced via cleavage by kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3), aka prostate-specific antigen (PSA). KLK3 activated VEGF-C specifically and efficiently through cleavage at a novel N-terminal site. We detected VEGF-C in seminal plasma, and sperm liquefaction occurred concurrently with VEGF-C activation, which was enhanced by collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1 (CCBE1). After plasmin and ADAMTS3, KLK3 is the third protease shown to activate VEGF-C. Since differently activated VEGF-Cs are characterized by successively shorter N-terminal helices, we created an even shorter hypothetical form, which showed preferential binding to VEGFR-3. Using mass spectrometric analysis of the isolated VEGF-C-cleaving activity from human saliva, we identified cathepsin D as a protease that can activate VEGF-C as well as VEGF-D.
Synapse-specific opioid modulation of thalamo-cortico-striatal circuits
Authors: Birdsong William T , Jongbloets Bart C , Engeln Kim A , Wang Dong , Scherrer Grégory , Mao Tianyi
Published: May 2019

The medial thalamus (MThal), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and striatum play important roles in affective-motivational pain processing and reward learning. Opioids affect both pain and reward through uncharacterized modulation of this circuitry. This study examined opioid actions on glutamate transmission between these brain regions in mouse. Mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists potently inhibited MThal inputs without affecting ACC inputs to individual striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). MOR activation also inhibited MThal inputs to the pyramidal neurons in the ACC. In contrast, delta-opioid receptor (DOR) agonists disinhibited ACC pyramidal neuron responses to MThal inputs by suppressing local feed-forward GABA signaling from parvalbumin-positive interneurons. As a result, DOR activation in the ACC facilitated poly-synaptic (thalamo-cortico-striatal) excitation of MSNs by MThal inputs. These results suggest that opioid effects on pain and reward may be shaped by the relative selectivity of opioid drugs to the specific circuit components.