bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Four-Hand Reduction for Obturator Hernia with the Guidance of Sonography (FROGS) As a New Treatment Strategy for Obturator Hernia: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Togawa Yuki , Kamihata Kyohei , Nagahisa Yoshio , Kawamoto Kazuyuki
Published: April 2021

Background

Obturator hernia is an uncommon but important cause of intestinal obstruction. Delayed treatment can be fatal. Emergency surgery is considered the most effective treatment; however, patients with obturator hernia usually have comorbidities, which precludes them from emergency surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Four-hand Reduction for Obturator hernia with the Guidance of Sonography (FROGS) as a new treatment strategy for obturator hernia.
Methods

Since November 2019, we have tried FROGS in all patients with obturator hernia at the emergency room. All the patients were female. We retrospectively compared the clinical data of 14 patients who underwent FROGS (after-FROGS group) with those of 23 patients who did not (before-FROGS group).
Results

No significant differences were observed in age, lesion side, duration of symptoms, the diameter of the prolapsed bowel, and predisposing factors. The body mass index was significantly lower in the after-FROGS group than in the before-FROGS group. Manual reduction was successfully performed in all 14 patients in the FROGS group, whereas in the before-FROGS group, 14 patients underwent manual reduction, of whom only one was successfully treated using the non-FROGS method. Bowel resection was avoided in all 14 patients in the after-FROGS group, whereas 8 patients underwent bowel resection in the before-FROGS group. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications and mortality within 30 days after hernia presentation between the two groups.
Conclusion

Manual reduction with FROGS was found to be safe and reproducible and can be the first treatment choice for obturator hernia.
Predicting Humification Degree of Organic Solid Waste During Aerobic Fermentation Using Designated Bacterial Community
Authors: Yang Hong-Yu , Zhang Shu-Bo , Zhao Yue , Xie Xin-Yu , Wei Zi-min , Zhang Xu , Chen Xiao-Meng , Qiu Wu-Jun
Published: April 2021

Background: Microbe is the driver for disposing of organic solid waste (OSW) during aerobic fermentation. Notwithstanding, the significance of microbe is always underestimated in numerous preceding studies about the aerobic fermentation products assessment. Results: Here, we investigate the humification degree (HD) and humic acid content could be assessed in terms of the bacterial community. Microbial sequencing and bioinformatics approaches are combined to analyze the biological characteristics of 105 aerobic fermentation samples collected. The bacterial communities could make predictions, which even correctly determines the categories of OSWs with 94% accuracy. Furthermore, the bacterial genera screened are designated as the bacterial code, which is substituted into the Random forest model to predict HD. And the bacteria codes can also provide a better prediction of the HD. Conclusions: Our result suggested that bacteria codes a reliable biological method is proposed to assess HD effectively. Our experiment not only proves that the aerobic fermentation can be revealed by biological means. The bacterial codes can also be used as an ecological and biological indicator to evaluate the quality of the aerobic fermentation of different materials. This study further provides new insights on the use of microbe to evaluate the content of various substances during the degradation process of OSWs.
Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Borji-Navan Sanam , Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Sakineh , Esmaeilpour Khalil , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Ahmadian-Khooinarood Ali
Published: April 2021

Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a common problem among women of reproductive age, affecting various aspects of their lives. There are very limited studies investigating the effect of Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) on PMS. We aimed to investigate the effect of ICBT on symptom severity of women suffering from PMS and their quality of life in the perimenstrual and late follicular periods. Methods: Ninety-two university students aged 18-35 years with moderate to severe PMS were allocated into two groups of 46 using block randomization. The intervention group underwent ICBT for two menstrual cycles, while the control group received no intervention. All participants filled the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) for two menstrual cycles and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) on days 1-2 and 11-13 of the menstrual cycle pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using univariate general linear models. Results: Four students in the intervention group were lost to follow-up. Post-interventionally, the mean score of total PMS symptoms was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (10.4 vs. 20.2, adjusted difference: -9.9 [95% CI: -13.3 to -6.6]) and perimenstrual quality of life was significantly higher (64.2 vs. 50.3, 14.1 [8.5 to 19.8]). However, there was no significant intergroup difference in the late follicular quality of life (68.3 vs. 67.3, 1.9 [-4.4 to 8.1]). Conclusions: Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy could effectively reduce PMS symptom severity and improve perimenstrual quality of life, with no significant effect on the late follicular quality of life. Trial registration: The Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Identifier: IRCT20100414003706N34, Registered 19 June 2019, https://www.irct.ir/trial/38394
Investigation of Hydrochemical Parameters of Water Resources in Kamarderaz Anticline Plunge in the Southwest of IRAN
Authors: Aranki Seyed Yahya Mirzaee , asl Sorour Mazrae , Vardanjani Hosein Karimi
Published: April 2021

Changes in the quality of karstic water resources affected by the proximity to sources of salinity such as evaporate formations and oil brine pose major challenges to such water resources, especially in Khuzestan province, Iran. The karstic water resources of the Kamarderaz anticline plunge in Izeh city in Khuzestan province have hampered water supply management in the region. To determine water quality and the causes of water salinity in the study area, the hydrochemical parameters of the existing water resources were accordingly evaluated. To conduct hydrochemical studies, 21 samples were collected from different water sources of Kamarderaz anticline plunge in 2017–2018. To analyze the garnered data, Piper and Durov diagrams, composite graphs, ion exchange graphs, ion correlation diagrams, salinity source diagrams and ion ratios were used. The results showed that SO42−, Cl−, and Ca2+ in the water resources of the study area were likely due to several sources including carbonate minerals, gypsum dissolution, anhydrite, halite as well as oil brine. Besides, Br/Cl, I/Cl ion ratios as well as Br-Cl and SO4-Cl diagrams revealed the mixing of karstic freshwater with oil brine in the region. The result of TOC analysis also showed that hydrocarbon materials were present in the well of Atabaki (WT). Moreover, elemental sulfur and sulfur isotope analysis showed that the process of thermochemical sulfate reduction or bacterial sulfate reduction in the presence of hydrocarbons produced H2S gas, and eventually penetrated the WT and WH1.
The first report of co-existence of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung malignancy in a kidney transplant recipient. A case report and literature review
Authors: Fang Gang , Cheng Ning-Chang , Huang Li-Li , Xie Wei-Ping , Hu Chun-Mei , Chen Wei
Published: April 2021

Background

Along with the medical development, organ transplant patients increase dramatically. Since these transplant patients take immunosuppressants for a long term, their immune functions are in a suppressed state, prone to all kinds of opportunistic infections and cancer. However, it is rarely reported that the kidney transplant recipient (KTR) had pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer simultaneously.
Case presentations:

A 60-year-old male was admitted because of persistent lung shadow for two years without any obvious symptom eight years after renal transplant. T-SPOT test was positive but other etiological examinations for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were negative. Chest CT scan revealed two pulmonary lesions in the right upper and lower lobe. 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) CT found FDG intake increased in both pulmonary consolidation lesions. CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy revealed lung adenocarcinoma and tuberculosis. The video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was operated to resect the malignancy lesions. The patient received specific anti-tuberculosis therapy and was discharged. At the follow-up of 6 months post drug withdrawal, the patient was recovered very well.
Conclusion

We for the first time reported co-existence of culture-negative pulmonary TB and lung adenocarcinoma in a KTR, which highlighted the clinical awareness of co-occurrence of TB and malignancy after renal transplant and emphasized the value of biopsy and 18F-FDG-PET in early diagnosis of TB and cancer.
An Innovative Step-up DC-DC Converter for Fuel Cell-based Power Source to Decrease Current Ripple and Increase Voltage Gain with Low Stress and Switch Counts
Authors: Falehi Ali Darvish , Salary Ebrahim
Published: April 2021

As for the insufficient nature of the fossil fuel resources, the renewable energies as alternative fuels are much needed and highly heeded. To deliver the required electric power to the industrial and domestic consumers from DC renewable energy sources like Fuel Cell (FC), the power converter operates as an adjustable interface device. This paper suggests a new boost structure to provide the required voltage with wide range gain for FC power source. The proposed structure based on the boost converter and the quazi network, so-called SBQN, can effectively enhance the FC functionality against its high operational sensitivity to experience low current ripple, and also propagate voltage and current with low stress across its semiconductors. Furthermore, the switching power losses have been decreased to make this structure more durable. Full operational analysis of the proposed SBQN and its advantages over the conventional and famous structures has been compared and explained. To more evaluate the high-step up voltage capability of the proposed SBQN and validate the simulations results, a prototype of the single-phase converter has been constructed and tested in the laboratory.
Microstructure and Durability Properties of Lightweight and High-Performance Sustainable Cement-Based Composites with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Kaplan Gökhan , Elmekahal Mohamed A.Salem
Published: April 2021

Sustainable solutions are investigated to reduce the environmental damage caused by greenhouse gases and CO2 emissions. Cement is a construction material responsible for greenhouse gases and CO2 emissions. Thus, CO2 emissions are reduced by using replacement materials such as rice husk ash instead of cement. This study investigated the durability and mechanical properties of lightweight and high-performance, sustainable cement-based composites. A foaming agent was used to reducing the unit weight of the mixtures. Also, pumice powder (PP) and rice husk ash (RHA) were used to improve cement-based composites' durability and mechanical properties. The density of mixtures varies between 1666–2205 kg/m3. The early age strength of the mixes using 12.5% RHA has increased. The mixtures' compressive strength (91-days) with 25% RHA and 50% PP was 46.6 MPa. As the PP content of mixes increased, drying shrinkage values increased. Expansions decrease as the initial compressive strength increases in mixtures exposed to sulfate. As RHA and PP's ratio increased, weight loss decreased in mixes exposed to HCl, while weight loss increased in mixes exposed to H2SO4. It was determined that the content of CH(OH)2 is important in mixes exposed to HCl, and impermeability is important in mixes exposed to H2SO4. It has been observed that the initial compressive strength is also important in mixes exposed to the freeze-thaw effect. As the foam content of the mixes increased, the compressive strength decreased while the drying shrinkage increased. As a result, using up to 25% RHA has increased the performance of cement-based composites.
Bayesian Survival Analysis of Heart Failure Patients: A Case Study in Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia
Authors: Tefera Tafese Ashine , Muleta Geremew , Tadesse Kenenisa
Published: April 2021

Heart failure is failure of the heart to pump blood with normal efficiency and globally growing public health issue with high death rate over the world including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the survival time of heart failure patients in Jimma University Medical Center. To reach the aim, 409 heart failure patients were including in the study based on data taken from medical record of patients enrolled during January, 2016 to January, 2019. Kaplan Meier plots and log rank test were used for comparison of survival function; Bayesian survival models was used to identify factors affecting the survival time heart failure patients. Of the total patients in the study 164 (40.1%) were died. The estimated median survival time of patients was 31 months. Bayesian log-normal accelerated failure time model fit heart failure data-set better than other Bayesian accelerated failure time models used in this study. From the results of this model shows that the survival time of heart failure patients significantly affected by age, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, etiology of heart failure, hypertension, anemia, smoking cigarette and stages of heart failure. Bayesian log-normal accelerated failure time model describes the heart failure data-set well. Age group (49 to 65 years and greater than 65 years); etiology of heart failure (rheumatic valvular heart disease, hypertensive heart disease and Other diseases); presence of hypertension; presence of anemic; presence of chronic kidney disease; smokers; diabetes mellitus (type I and type II diabetic); and stages of heart failure (II, III and IV) were prolong the timing death of heart failure patients. The hospital, Jimma University medical center, need to improve public awareness for early detection of heart failure.
Mathematical Modelling and Simulation of Band Pass Filters Using The Floating Admittance Matrix Method.
Authors: ROY SANJAY KUMAR , Bhargava Cherry , Sharma Kamal Kumar , Singh Brahmadeo Prasad
Published: April 2021

This article describes the Band Pass Filters mathematical modeling, focusing on solutions using the Floating Admittance matrix method (FAM). The solution using the FAM Method looks superior for any circuit analysis. We are introducing a new strategy resulting in one of the best designs of the Bandpass and the Notch Filters. This document provides compelling reasons for the proposed Process, demonstrates its benefits and many valuable extensions and resources.
Physiological Response of Garlic (Allium Sativum) to Elevated Tropospheric Ozone in High Altitude Region of Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: JawaharJothi Gayathri , Kovilpillai Boomiraj , Subramanian Avudainayagam , Mani Jayabalakrishnan Raja , Kumar Sudhir
Published: April 2021

A pot culture study was conducted at Horticultural Research Station, Ooty to assess the effect of ground level ozone on physiology in garlic plant and to find out the suitable remedial measures against ground level ozone. The potted soil was found to be acidic in nature with very low salt concentration, very high in organic carbon, medium in nitrogen, phosphorus and high in potassium. Elevated ozone levels (150ppb and 200ppb) had significantly reduced the garlic plant chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, pungency and total soluble solids. The highest chlorophyll content (33.97µmolm-2) was observed under ambient ozone level (T1) and the lowest chlorophyll content (12.68µmolm-2) was observed in elevated ozone exposure at 200 ppb (T3), the highest stomatal conductance (0.45mmol m-2s-1) was recorded in Ambient Ozone level + foliar spray 3% Panchagavya (T4), and the lowest stomatal conductance (0.11mmol m-2s-1) was observed in elevated ozone exposure at 200 ppb (T3). Since, the elevated ozone had significant reduction in photosynthetic rate in garlic, the lowest was observed (0.82µmol CO2 s-1m-2) in T3- Elevated ozone exposure at 200 ppb and the highest photosynthetic rate (3.02µmol CO2 s-1m-2) was observed in treatment T4- Ambient Ozone level + foliar spray 3% Panchagavya after a week. When coming to quality of garlic bulbs, the highest pungency content was found in Ambient Ozone level + foliar spray 0.1% Ascorbic acid and the lowest was observed in Elevated ozone exposure at 200 ppb (T3) furthermore, in observing the garlic quality where total soluble solids (TSS) showed that the treatment Ambient Ozone level + foliar spray 3% Panchagavya (40.00°Brix) as highest and the treatment Elevated ozone exposure at 200 ppb (T3) recorded the lowest. Thus the tropospheric ozone has detrimental impact on physiological responses, which will reduce crop growth and yield. The ozone protectants helped in scavenging the O3 from apoplast of the crops and among the ozone protectants, neem oil acted as a good ozone scavenger followed by ascorbic acid and panchagavya to improve the physiological response of garlic plant under elevated tropospheric ozone levels.
Pseudodesulfovibrio Alkaliphilus, Sp. Nov., An Alkaliphilic Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated From a Terrestrial Mud Volcano
Authors: Frolova Anastasia , Merkel Alexander Y. , Kuchierskaya Alexandra A. , Bonch-Osmolovskaya Elizaveta A. , Slobodkin Alexander I.
Published: April 2021

The diversity of anaerobic microorganisms in terrestrial mud volcanoes is largely unexplored. Here we report the isolation of a novel sulfate-reducing alkaliphilic bacterium (strain F-1T) from a terrestrial mud volcano located at the Taman peninsula, Russia. Cells of strain F-1T were Gram- -negative motile vibrios with a single polar flagellum; 2.0–4.0 µm in length and 0.5 µm in diameter. The temperature range for growth was 6–37°C, with an optimum at 24°C. The pH range for growth was 7.0–10.5, with an optimum at pH 9.5. Strain F-1T utilized lactate, pyruvate, and molecular hydrogen as electron donors and sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, fumarate or arsenate as electron acceptors. In the presence of sulfate the end products of lactate oxidation were acetate, H2S and CO2. Lactate and pyruvate could also be fermented. The major product of lactate fermentation was acetate. The main cellular fatty acids were anteiso-С15:0, С16:0, С18:0, and iso-С17:1ω8. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain F-1T was most closely related to Pseudodesulfovibrio aespoeensis (98.05% similarity). The total size of the genome of the novel isolate was 3.23Mb and the genomic DNA G + C content was 61.93 mol%. The genome contained all genes essential for dissimilatoty sulfate reduction. We propose to assign strain F-1T to the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio, as a new species, Pseudodesulfovibrio alkaliphilus sp. nov. The type strain is F-1T (= KCTC 15918T = VKM B-3405T).
Regional Cerebral Blood Perfusion Changes in Chronic Stroke Survivors as Potential Brain Correlates of The Functional Outcome Following Gamified Home-Based Rehabilitation (IntelliRehab)
Authors: Firwana Younis , Zolkefley Mohd Khairul Izamil , Hatta Hasnetty Zuria Mohamed , Rowbin Christina , Nassir Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd , Hanafi Muhammad Hafiz , Abdullah Mohd Shafie , Keserci Bilgin , Lannin Natasha A. , Mustapha Muzaimi
Published: April 2021

Background: Hospital-based stroke rehabilitation for stroke survivors in developing countries may be limited by staffing ratios and length of stay that could hamper recovery potential. Thus, a home-based, gamified rehabilitation system (i.e. IntelliRehab) was tested for its ability to increase cerebral blood flow (CBF), and the secondary impact of changes on the upper limb motor function and functional outcomes. Objective: To explore the effect of IntelliRehab on CBF in chronic stroke patients and its correlation with the upper limb motor function. Methods: Two-dimensional pulsed Arterial Spin Labelling (2D-pASL) was used to obtain CBF images of stable, chronic stroke subjects (n=8) over 3-months intervention period. CBF alterations were mapped and the detected differences were marked as regions of interest. Motor functions represented by Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment (FMA) and Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) were used to assess the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Results: Regional CBF were significantly increased in right inferior temporal gyrus and left superior temporal white matter after 1-month (p=0.044) and 3-months (p=0.01) of rehabilitation, respectively. However, regional CBF in left middle fronto-orbital gyrus significantly declined after 1-month of rehabilitation (p=0.012). Moreover, SIS-Q7 and FMA scores significantly increased after 1-month and 3-months of rehabilitation. There were no significant correlations, however, between CBF changes and upper limb motor function. Conclusions: Participants demonstrated improved motor functions, supporting the benefit of using IntelliRehab as a tool for home-based rehabilitation. However, the chronic nature of the stroke in recruited subjects may have limited potential for within-participant improvements.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Adolescent Women With Different Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa With First Episode and Without Treatment
Authors: zhang renyun , yang limin , xu defeng , ma haibo
Published: April 2021

Background

This study compared whether differences between different anorexia nervosa(AN)subtypes(R-AN,B-AN) in multiple organ complications.
Methods

Peripheral white blood cells (WBCs),thyroid function,etc, were measured in 53 patients (R-AN = 30,B-AN = 23)and compared 55 healthy controls (HCs)
Results

Compared with HCs, significant differences between R-AN in T, P, DBP, SBP WBC, PRL, TT4, TSH, FT3, FT4, TT3, TP, HGB, RBC,, EDI total score and DT, I, ID, IA ,BD, P and MF. Compared with HCs, significant differences between B-AN in DBP, WBC, PRL, TT4, FT3, FT4, TT3, TP, HGB, RBC,, EDI total score, DT, BD, I, ID, and IA and differences in PLT and P. significant differences between R-AN and B-AN in T, P, DBP, SBP, PRL, TSH, B, FT4, and HGB. In R-AN, BMI negatively correlated with amenorrhea, and PRL EDI total score, DT, BD, and P positively correlated with DBP, SBP, HGB and GLB. In B-AN, BMI negatively correlated with amenorrhea, PRL, EDI total score, and DT, and B, BD, positively correlated with T and DBP.
Conclusion

The effects of R-AN and B-AN on T, P, DBP, SBP, PRL TSH, B, FT4, and HGB were different, and BMI played a role in the changes.
Anatomical Dimensions of the Lumbar Dural Sac Predict the Sensory Block Level of Continuous Epidural Analgesia during Labor
Authors: Xu Chen-yang , Liu Can , Jin Xiao-ju , Yang Fan , Xu Fang , Qian Wan-Di , Guo Wen-jun
Published: April 2021

Background: The anatomical dimensions of the lumbar dural sac determine the sensory block level of spinal anesthesia; however, whether they show the same predictive value during continuous epidural anesthesia (CEA) remains undetermined. We designed the present study to verify the efficacy of the anatomical dimensions of the lumbar dural sac in predicting the sensory block level during labor analgesia. Methods: A total of 122 parturients with singleton pregnancies requesting labor analgesia were included in this study. The lumbar dural sac diameter (DSD), lumbar dural sac length (DSL), lumbar dural sac surface area (DSA) , and lumbar dural sac volume (DSV) were measured with an ultrasound color Doppler diagnostic apparatus. CEA was performed at the L2-L3 interspace. After epidural cannulation, an electronic infusion pump containing 0.08% ropivacaine and sufentanil 0.4 µg/ml was connected. The sensory block level was determined with alcohol-soaked cotton, a cotton swab, and a pinprick. The analgesic efficacy of CEA was determined with a visual analog scale (VAS). Divided the parturients into two groups: "ideal analgesia" and "non-ideal analgesia", and compared the groups by t test. Pearson's correlation was performed to evaluate the association between the anatomical dimensions of the lumbar dural sac and sensory block level. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to create a model for predicting the sensory block level. Results: In the "ideal analgesia" group, the height, DSL, DSA, DSV and DSD were significantly smaller, and the BMI was significantly larger (P<0.05) (Table 1). In addition, the DSL demonstrated the strongest correlation with the peak level of pain block (r=-0.816, P<0.0001; Figure 2A), temperature block (r=-0.874, P<0.0001; Figure 3A) and tactile block (r=-0.727, P<0.0001; Figure 4A). Finally, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the DSL and BMI contributed to predicting the peak sensory block level. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study shows that the sensory block level of CEA is higher when the DSL, DSA, DSV and DSD of puerpera are lower. The DSL and BMI can be treated as predictors of the peak sensory block level in CEA during labor analgesia.
Direct Evidence Of Sex In Symbiodiniaceae And A Hypothesis About Meiosis
Authors: Figueroa R.I. , Howe-Kerr L. , Correa A.M.S.
Published: April 2021

Dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae are obligate endosymbionts of diverse marine invertebrates, including corals, and impact the capacity of their hosts to respond to climate change-driven ocean warming. Understanding the conditions under which increased genetic variation in Symbiodiniaceae arises via sexual recombination can support efforts to evolve thermal tolerance in these symbionts and ultimately mitigate coral bleaching, the breakdown of the coral-Symbiodiniaceae partnership under stress. However, direct observations of meiosis in Symbiodiniaceae have not been reported, despite various lines of indirect evidence that it occurs. We present the first cytological evidence of sex in Symbiodiniaceae based on nuclear DNA content and morphology using Image Flow Cytometry, Cell Sorting and Confocal Microscopy. We show Symbiodiniaceae cells undergo gamete conjugation, zygote formation and meiosis within a dominant reef-building coral in situ. On average, sex was detected in 1.5% of the cells analyzed (N=10.000-40.000 cells observed per sample in a total of 20 samples obtained from 3 coral colonies). We show that meiosis follows a two-step process described in other dinoflagellates, in which diploid zygotes form dyads during meiosis I and triads and tetrads as final products of meiosis II. This study sets the stage for investigating environmental triggers of Symbiodiniaceae sexuality and can accelerate the assisted evolution of a key coral symbiont in order to combat reef degradation.
Evaluation of Beliefs and Attitudes of Child Labor Caregivers About Mental Disorders First Aid and Stigma
Authors: Ghadirian Laleh , Sayarifard Azadeh
Published: April 2021

Background: The beliefs and attitudes of caregivers of working children about mental health issues and first aid, as well as their attitudes about the stigma of mental health problems can affect their motivation seek professional help for affected children. The aim of this study was to assess the mental health literacy of child labor caregivers about first aid for mental health and their attitudes about stigma of mental disorders.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the questionnaire was the Depression Health Literacy Questionnaire. All caregivers of working children covered by a NGO in the 17th district of Tehran who wanted to participate were included in the study. Results: Questionnaires of 129 caregivers were analyzed. Their mean age was 32.6 (±7) years. Of which 128 (99.2%) were women. Only 37 people (30.3%) were confident in their ability to help their children in case of depressive symptoms. The majority 109 (84.5%) of participants believed that asking a depressed child about suicidal ideation was harmful.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the literacy of child labor caregivers about mental health first aid is not enough and there is need to conduct interventions including providing the necessary trainings in this area.
Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1 Promotes Tumorigenesis in H. Pylori Gastric Cancer By Sponging miR-30a To Regulate COX-2/BCL9 Pathway
Authors: Rao Xiwu , Liu Ningning , Jia Ru , Feng Yuanyuan , Zhang Zhaozhou , Zhou Lihong , Han Gang , Wang Ziyuan , Cen Rong , Shi Nuolin , Zhu Huirong , Huang Chen , Liu Xuan , Ji Qing , Li Qi
Published: April 2021

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a carcinogenic factor for gastric cancer. Our previous study demonstrated that H. pylori decreased the expression of microRNA(miRNA)-30a to promote the tumorigenesis in gastric cancer. However, the upstream regulatory mechanism of miR-30a hasn’t well-elucidated. In this study, we found the long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 may sponge miR-30a to regulate COX-2/BCL9 pathway. Methods: The expression of NEAT1 was detected in gastric cancer tissues and tumour adjacent tissues by fluorescence in-situ hybridization(FISH) analysis and RT-qPCR. LncRNA-miRNA interaction networks were constructed using the RNAhybird and Starbase v.2.0. and then validated using dual-luciferase assay. The effects of NEAT1 dysregulation on the proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of H. pylori filtrate infected gastric cancer cells were observed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, wound healing test and transwell assays. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to detect protein and RNA expression. The Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was carried out to analyze the location and expression of COX-2 and BCL9Results: FISH and RT-qPCR demonstrated that the expression of NEAT1 was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues, especially in H. pylori gastric cancer tissues, and the expression of NEAT1 is negatively correlated with miR-30a(miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p). The proliferation, migration and invasion of H. pylori filtrate infected gastric cancer cells could be largely enhanced by the up-regulation of NEAT1, while the downregulation of NEAT1 decreased these abilities, and miR-30a could reverse the effect of NEAT1 on these abilities. Dual-luciferase assay identified that NEAT1 directly targeted miR-30a(miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p).Due to miR-30a(miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p) negatively regulated the expression of downstream COX-2 and BCL9, NEAT1 was identified to indirectly upregulate the expression of COX-2 and BCL9.IHC showed that the expression of COX-2 and BCL9 were increased in H. pylori gastric cancer tissues.Conclusion: The study demonstrated that lncRNA NEAT1 may act as a promoter oftumorigenesis in H. pylori gastric cancer, by sponging miR-30a(miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p) to regulate COX-2/BCL9 pathway.
WITHDRAWN: The effects of demographic characteristics and public healthcare systems on COVID-19 mortality risk in the Global South: GIS-based and artificial neural network techniques
Authors: Mansour Shawky , Abulibdeh Ammar , Alahmadi Mohammed , Ramadan Al Nazir
Published: April 2021

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that appeared in 2019 gave rise to a major global health crisis that is topping global health, socioeconomic and intervention programme agendas in 2020. Although the outbreak of COVID-19 has substantial and devastating impacts on developed countries, the countries of Global South share a higher proportion of the epidemic’s effects as shown particularly in morbidity and mortality rates in low-income countries . Globally, as at 13th June 2020, the total number of mortality cases was 428,337 of which 9% were in Asia (38,915) and 13.5% in South America (57,896) while 1.4% were in Africa (6080). The number of infections and deaths is still increasing rapidly at the time of writing. Modelling the effects of underlying factors and disease mortality is essential to plan effective control strategies for disease transmission and risks. The relationship between COVID-19 mortality rates and socio-demographic and health determinants can highlight various epidemic fatality risks. In this research, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) were adopted to model and examine variations in COVID-19 mortality rates in the Global South. The model’s performance was tested using statistical measures of Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Bias Error (MBE), and the determination coefficient R2. The findings of this study indicated that the most important variable in explaining spatial mortality rate variations was the size of the elderly (65 and above) population . This was followed first by accessibility to handwashing facilities and second by hospital beds per 1000 population. Mapping the explanatory variables and estimated mortality rates and determining the importance of each variable in explaining the spatial variation of COVID-19 death rates across countries of the Global South can shed light on how public healthcare and demographic structures can offer policymakers invaluable guidelines to planning effective intervention strategies.
Exploring Formation Mechanism of Medical Collaborative Practices in Multi-level Market from an Infra-marginal Perspective
Authors: Wang Sufen
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this paper to explore a set of methods to formally display and analyze the nature and laws of the emergence and evolution of all kinds of medical collaborative practices (MCPs) within multi-level market.Methodology: Based on Yang’s neoclassical economics, the paper argues that the reason for the origin of MCPs with multi-level market is the division of labor for different medical services and medical transaction service. From an infra-marginal perspective, the study processes are (1) to build a role generation model for collaborators. (2) to determine the role boundaries of collaborators by calculating the corner solution, and formalize the entanglement between role identities and specific MCPs through the corner equilibrium analysis. (3) to evaluate the stability of different forms of MCPs by general equilibrium analysis, and analyze their possible evolutionary paths of various MCPs by sensitivity analysis of the stability conditions of different structures. Results: (1) A role generation model of "producer-consumer", which is composed of three functions and involves three economic parameters, reflects the coexistence of division and cooperation, and integrate the influencing factors with process views. (2) The paper extracts eight role models and six structures of MCPs with corner equilibrium, and further formalizes the different ways of legalization of specific role identities in different MCPs in no market, or single-level or multi-level market. (3) Three structures (structure A with no market, structure CN with single-level market and structure CC with two-level market) have global equilibrium in different parameter spaces. With the increase of learning cost of medical services and medical transaction services, there are two structural evolution paths more likely to occur: " A - >CN -> CC " and "CN -> CC ->A".Conclusions: The research will provide theoretical basis for the government to select, formulate and implement the relevant policies of specific MCP, and help IT companies better develop internet medical service transaction platforms.
Southern Hemisphere Atmosphere Wavenumber 4 driven Marine Heat Waves and Marine Cool Spells
Authors: Chiswell Stephen
Published: April 2021

When SST anomalies are defined with respect to a changing baseline and normalised by their 90th percentile, the Tasman Sea is one of the southern hemisphere hotspots of marine heat waves (MHW) and marine cool spells (MCS). There is little evidence that MHW or MCS are increasing in either frequency or intensity, although the duration of MHW has increased from 8 d four decades ago to 26 d now.
On average, Tasman Sea MHW/MCS co-occur with MHW/MCS in the Atlantic, Indian, and eastern-Pacific Oceans, in a wavenumber 4 (W4) pattern. Canonical MHW and MCS show they are likely driven by a stalling of the eastward propagation of a W4 atmospheric wave. During MHW, this slow down leads to near-stationary anomalously high and low air pressure areas driving anomalous north-easterly winds over the Tasman Sea. During MCS, similar a slow-down occurs, but shifted by one-half wavelength zonally.
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Amphoteric Galactomannan Derivative for the Mitigation of Malachite Green and Congo Red Dye From Aqueous Solution
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Madan Vineet , Sharma Pradeep
Published: April 2021

Biopolymeric materials have been utilized for water treatments since ancient times. Consequently, there is a cumulative and persistent interest in the study of novel sustainable, inexpensive and natural biobased alternatives. Amphoteric derivatives of galactomannans are still unexplored and rarerly used materials to treat industrial wastes. The study was explored to synthesize and characterize amphoteric derivative of Cassia tora gum, a 1,5 galactomannan for its application as a potential adsorbent for mitigation of cationic (Malachite green) and anionic (Congo red) dyes by applying ‘Taguchi design’ (L9). The derivative was also studied for the conditioning of water using kaolin suspension. The results indicated that amphoteric derivative (anionic DS ~ 0.52 and cationic DS 0.197) is effective in maximum adsorption of Malachite green (73%) and Congo red (17 %) dyes and as a flocculant at a minimum dose of 10 ppm. The amphoteric derivative was characterized by X-ray-diffraction, TG analysis and spectroscopic techniques.
Prediction of Effluent Arsenic Concentration of Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Machine Learning and Kriging-Based Models
Authors: Zounemat-Kermani Mohammad , Alizamir Meysam , Keshtegar Behrooz , Batelaan Okke , Hinkelmann Reinhard
Published: April 2021

We evaluate the potential of kriging-based (kriging and kriging-logistic) and machine learning models (MARS, GBRT, and ANN) in predicting the effluent arsenic concentration of a wastewater treatment plant. Two distinct input combination scenarios were established, using seven quantitative and qualitative independent influent variables. In the first scenario, all of the seven independent variables were taken into account for constructing the data-driven models. For the second input scenario, we used the forward selection k-fold cross-validation method to select effective explanatory influent parameters. The results obtained from both input scenarios show that the kriging-logistic and machine learning models are effective and robust. However, using the feature selection procedure in the second scenario, made not only the architecture of the model simpler and more effective, but also enhanced the performance of the developed models. Although the standard kriging method failed to provide fair predictive results, it was revealed that the kriging-logistic method gave the best performance among the applied models.
Experiments on permanent magnets rotation
Authors: Tong Weiming
Published: April 2021

Why does the Earth rotate? What forces are responsible for planetary rotation? In the 17th century, an accurate description of the Earth’s rotation was provided via Newtonian mechanics. However, the driving force was not given a mechanistic treatment, and it was merely ascribed to a "push" by God. At present, several theories on planetary rotation remain as hypotheses. Hence, the aim of this study was to obtain experimental evidence on the relationship between planetary (Earth) rotation and magnetic fields. The proposed experimental devices and research methods are based on the characteristics of the kinematic relations between the sun and a planet. A permanent magnet representing the sun is installed on the shaft of a DC motor; a spherical magnet representing the planet is placed at the centre of hollow a sphere that can float on water, ensuring free rotation. Using the above setup, experiments for analysing permanent magnet rotation in a magnetic field and determining the reasons for this rotation were conducted.
High Photo Switching Response of n-ZnO/i-MoS2/p-Si Heterojunction Solar Cell
Authors: R parasuraman
Published: April 2021

In this research work, We investigate the enhancement of photo conversion efficiency from ZnO nanostructure and MoS2 switching mechanism of heterostructure solar cell.The carrier transport of MoS2 generating more electron-hole pairs in the MoS2/Si interface.The photo switching resistance of MoS2 active layer that increasing in short circuit density to 40.9964[mA/cm2], and the effective light trapping of ZnO nanostructure with optimized thickness of ZnO,MoS2 better thermal stability.The SRH heating and Joule heating are minimized by photoswitching characterstics.The Joule and SRH heating rate evaluated from stationary mode of study and the values in the magnitude order of 1013 W/m3 and 1012 W/m3 The use of both ZnO and MoS2 nanostructure leads to total generation rate,charge carrier transport are improved.The photo conversion efficiency is achieved by 27.7364%
Time to Relapse of Severe Acute Malnutrition and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children in Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: TEMAMO ABERA LAMBEBO , Temiru Deselegn , Belachew Tefera
Published: April 2021

BackgroundIn developing countries including Ethiopia, children under five years old are likely to suffer from repeated bouts of severe acute malnutrition as home level drivers are not mostly improved although the child is discharged after clinical and anthropometric cure. There is lack of study that documented time to relapse of severe acute malnutrition and its determinants.ObjectiveTo identify time of relapse and its determinants among children discharged after undergoing treatment for SAM in health facilities of Hadiya Zone, South, Ethiopia MethodsAn institution based retrospective cohort study was carried out in Hadiya Zone, of Southern Ethiopia among under-five children admitted to health posts for treatment of SAM in the past five years spanning from 2014/2015 to 2019/2020 and discharged after cure. Both first admission data and relapse data were abstracted from the records of the SAM children from Aguste 1 – 30 /2020 Using a data collection format. Data were coded and edited manually, then doubly entered into Epi-Data statistical software version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS for windows version 26. After checking all the assumptions, multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards model was fitted to isolate independent determinants of time to cure. All tests were two sided and P values <0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. ResultsThe mean(±SD) time for relapse of severe acute malnutrition among under five children was 22(±9.9) weeks from discharge to relapse time.On multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards model, after adjusting for background variables the hazard of relapse for severe acute malnutrition was significantly higher for children who had edema during admission with (AHR =2.02 ,95%, CI: 1.17-3.50), were in the age group of 6-11 months (AHR = 5.2, 95%, CI:1.95-13.87), had discharge MUAC for the first admission not cured (AHR = 12,95%, CI: 7.90-19.52)ConclusionThe finding showed that children discharged from Severe acute malnutrition are likely to have relapse in three weeks’ time given the prevailing situation of the home environment. Having edema during admission, younger age and not being cured by MUAC at discharge were independent determinants of relapse. The results imply that the need for reviewing follow-up system after discharge and working on the caring practices through behavior change communication to improve the home environment. There also a need for revising the discharge criteria for edematous children rather than basing only on weight change.
Feasibility Analysis on the Construction of a Web Solution for Hydrometeorological Forecasting Considering Water Body Management and Indicators for the Pandemic of SARS-COV-2
Authors: Junior Jose Roberto Dantas da Silva , Pedruzzi Rizzieri , Souza Filipe Milani de , Ferraz Patrick Silva , Silva Daniel Guimarães , Vieira Carolina Sacramento , Moraes Marcelo Romero de , Nascimento Erick Giovani Sperandio , Moreira Davidson Martins
Published: April 2021

Currently, the NCAR (U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research), the institution responsible for the WRF-Hydro (Weather Research and Forecasting - Hydro) model initiative, highlights four major global challenges: floods, pollution, droughts, and biodiversity. Thus, given the current scenario of a global pandemic caused by the Sars-CoV-2 virus (Covid19), the importance of hydrological studies, their correlation with contamination levels, and incidence of COVID-19 cases are also in the spotlight. Among the challenges around water resources management, the lack of good and representative data, especially for small water bodies and developing countries, to perform inferences and to manage these natural resources is critical. This situation applies not only to observational data and but also to input data for hydrological models. In this context, the WRF-Hydro system represents the state of the art for hydrometeorological modeling. Thus, the model emerges as a computational tool that becomes possible to provide auxiliary data for patterns analysis in time series and computational prediction. Also, with the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI), it is possible to consider the integration of this modern approach with the WRF-Hydro model simulations. Therefore, the main of this study is to analyze the feasibility of a web tool that integrates these functionalities. The coupled WRF-Hydro with AI will support the management and generate a water predictability analysis in the MATOPIBA region (Maranhão-Tocantins-Piauí-Bahia), northeastern Brazil, the focus area of this study. Although the WRF-Hydro system demonstrates efficiency in the hydrometeorological simulation for the region, the model has a range of subprocesses which has a high computational cost, especially for long-term studies. Therefore, due to the possibility of integrating these computational tools, it is proposed to develop and analyze the construction of a web tool using the WRF-Hydro system for the short and medium-term with AI tools for the short term (a few hours to a few days), to optimize the computational cost. Thus, the combined application of the WRF-Hydro and AI system can improve the water bodies management and assist the identification of contamination levels by Sars-CoV-2, given the presence of the virus in water bodies and the correlation of the pandemic with hydrological variables.