bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lab on a tip: atomic force microscopy – photothermal infrared spectroscopy of atmospherically relevant organic/inorganic aerosol particles in the nanometer to micrometer size range
Authors: Or Victor W. , Estillore Armando D. , Tivanski Alexei V. , Grassian Vicki H.
Published: March 2018

AFM-PTIR is utilized to analyze atmospherically relevant multicomponent substrate deposited aerosol particles.
Hypophosphite hybrid perovskites: a platform for unconventional tilts and shifts
Authors: Wu Yue , Binford Trevor , Hill Joshua A. , Shaker Sammy , Wang John , Cheetham Anthony K.
Published: March 2018

Following the recent discovery of the [A]Mn(H2POO)3 perovskite family, we report the A = dimethylammonium member. We then enumerate the unusual octahedral tilting and shifting observed across this perovskite family.
Reactivity of bulky Ln(ii) amidinates towards P4, As4, and As4S4
Authors: Schoo Christoph , Bestgen Sebastian , Köppe Ralf , Konchenko Serygey N. , Roesky Peter W.
Published: March 2018

The reduction of P4, As4 and As4S4 (realgar) with [(DippForm)2Ln(thf)2] (Ln = Sm, Yb) led to the first, purely f-element containing inverse inorganic sandwich complexes [{(DippForm)2Sm}2(μ2-η4:η4-E4)] (E = P, As) and the unusual species [{(DippForm)(DippForm-AsS2)}Ln(thf)].
Biomineralization of varied calcium carbonate crystals by the synergistic effect of silk fibroin/magnesium ions in a microbial system
Authors: Chen Tao , Shi Peiheng , Li Yi , Duan Tao , Yu Yang , Li Xianyan , Zhu Wenkun
Published: March 2018

The influence of silk fibroin (SF) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) on calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bio-mineralization has been investigated.
How nature covers its bases
Authors: Boldissar Samuel , de Vries Mattanjah S.
Published: March 2018

The response of nucleobases to UV radiation depends on structure in subtle ways, as revealed by gas-phase experiments.
Iridium-catalyzed efficient reduction of ketones in water with formic acid as a hydride donor at low catalyst loading
Authors: Liu Ji-tian , Yang Shiyi , Tang Weiping , Yang Zhanhui , Xu Jiaxi
Published: March 2018

Simple and functionalized ketones are readily reduced in water with very low catalyst loading using formic acid as a hydride donor.
A new tripodal-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone for iron and aluminium sequestration: synthesis, complexation and in vivo studies
Authors: Cappai Rosita , Chand Karam , Lachowicz Joanna I. , Chaves Sílvia , Gano Lurdes , Crisponi Guido , Nurchi Valeria M. , Peana Massimiliano , Zoroddu Maria Antonietta , Santos M. Amélia
Published: March 2018

A new highly efficient tris-hydroxypyridinone chelator for iron and aluminum, with promising capacity as a potential metal decorporation agent.
DMAP-catalyzed alkylation of isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles with Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates
Authors: Hu Shihe , Zhang Jian , Jin Qiaomei
Published: March 2018

Metal-free C(sp3)–H alkylation of an isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipole.
Preparation of bacterial cellulose based nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers and their applications in the oxygen reduction reaction and sodium–ion battery
Authors: Huang Yang , Wang Liang , Lu Lei , Fan Mengmeng , Yuan Fanshu , Sun Bianjing , Qian Jieshu , Hao Qingli , Sun Dongping
Published: March 2018

3D N-doped carbon nanofibers were fabricated from low-cost biomass bacterial cellulose and used as electrodes for both ORR and SIBs.
Core–shell structured hierarchically porous NiO microspheres with enhanced electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Ma Yali , Wang Xue , Sun Xiaodong , Gao Tunan , Liu Yunling , Zhang Ling , Huo Qisheng , Qiao Zhen-An
Published: March 2018

We present a one-pot synthetic strategy to synthesize hierarchically porous NiO microspheres with enhanced activity for OER.
Towards oxalate-bridged iron(ii), cobalt(ii), nickel(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes through oxotris(oxalato)niobate(v): an open air non-oxidizing synthetic route
Authors: Oliveira Willian X. C. , Pereira Cynthia L. M. , Pinheiro Carlos B. , Lloret Francesc , Julve Miguel
Published: March 2018

Oxalate release by [NbVO(C2O4)3]3– is a suitable strategy to prepare oxalate-bridged dimetal(ii) complexes that exhibit antiferromagnetic interactions.
Rational design of phosphonocarboxylate metal–organic frameworks for light hydrocarbon separations
Authors: Li Lan , Yin Qi , Li Hong-Fang , Liu Tian-Fu , Cao Rong
Published: March 2018

By introducing a coordinative phosphate group into a carboxylic acid linker, a ligand was successfully synthesized and used to construct phonocarboxylate framework with narrow approachable channels.
Defect electrocatalytic mechanism: concept, topological structure and perspective
Authors: Jia Yi , Chen Jun , Yao Xiangdong
Published: March 2018

This review focuses on an in-depth understanding of carbon defects and an account of defective carbon-based materials for advanced electrocatalysis.
Rhodium-catalyzed decarbonylative cycloadditions of 1H-indene-1,2,3-triones and alkynes via direct C–C bond activation: divergent synthesis of indenones and quinones
Authors: Guo Weijie , Wu Shutao , Wang Tao , Xie Qingxiao , Duan Yulian , Luo Siyuan , Wang Jianhui , Yu Xiaobo
Published: March 2018

A one-step preparation method for indenone and quinone derivatives via rhodium-mediated [5 + 2 − 2] and [5 + 2 − 1] decarbonylative cycloadditions of 1H-indene-1,2,3-triones and alkynes has been achieved.
A machine learning approach towards the prediction of protein–ligand binding affinity based on fundamental molecular properties
Authors: Kundu Indra , Paul Goutam , Banerjee Raja
Published: March 2018

There is an exigency of transformation of the enormous amount of biological data available in various forms into some significant knowledge.
Microstructure, friction and corrosion resistance properties of a Ni–Co–Al2O3 composite coating
Authors: Jia Zong-wei , Sun Wan-chang , Guo Fang , Dong Ya-ru , Liu Xiao-jia
Published: March 2018

Ni–Co–Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared by pulsed electrodeposition and electrophoresis–electrodeposition on aluminum alloy.
Electrochemical membrane cell for NH3 synthesis from N2 and H2O by electrolysis at 200 to 250 °C using a Ru catalyst, hydrogen-permeable Pd membrane and phosphate-based electrolyte
Authors: Imamura Kanako , Kubota Jun
Published: March 2018

Kinetic properties of NH3 synthesis from N2 and H2O by electrolysis using a combination of a Ru/Cs+/MgO catalyst, Pd–Ag membrane, CsH2PO4/SiP2O7 electrolyte and Pt electrode are investigated.
Expression of concern: Controlled synthesis of pentachlorophenol-imprinted polymers on the surface of magnetic graphene oxide for highly selective adsorption
Authors: Neil Simon
Published: March 2018

Expression of concern for ‘Controlled synthesis of pentachlorophenol-imprinted polymers on the surface of magnetic graphene oxide for highly selective adsorption’ by Sheng-Dong Pan et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 15345–15356.
Expression of concern: In situ controllable synthesis of graphene oxide-based ternary magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer hybrid for efficient enrichment and detection of eight microcystins
Authors: Neil Simon
Published: March 2018

Expression of concern for ‘In situ controllable synthesis of graphene oxide-based ternary magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer hybrid for efficient enrichment and detection of eight microcystins’ by Sheng-Dong Pan et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 23042–23052.
Correction: Popgraphene: a new 2D planar carbon allotrope composed of 5–8–5 carbon rings for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes from bottom-up programming
Authors: Wang Shuaiwei , Yang Baocheng , Chen Houyang , Ruckenstein Eli
Published: March 2018

Correction for ‘Popgraphene: a new 2D planar carbon allotrope composed of 5–8–5 carbon rings for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes from bottom-up programming’ by Shuaiwei Wang et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c8ta00438b.
Pitfalls of statistics-limited X-ray polarization analysis
Authors: Mikhalev V.
Published: March 2018

Context. One of the difficulties with performing polarization analysis is that the mean polarization fraction of sub-divided data sets is larger than the polarization fraction for the integrated measurement. The resulting bias is one of the properties of the generating distribution discussed in this work. The limitations of Gaussian approximations in standard analysis based on Stokes parameters for estimating polarization parameters and their uncertainties are explored by comparing with a Bayesian analysis. The effect of uncertainty on the modulation factor is also shown, since it can have a large impact on the performance of gamma-ray burst polarimeters. Results are related to the minimum detectable polarization (MDP), a common figure of merit, making them easily applicable to any X-ray polarimeter.

Aims. The aim of this work is to quantify the systematic errors induced on polarization parameters and their uncertainties when using Gaussian approximations and to show when such effects are non-negligible.

Methods. The probability density function is used to deduce the properties of reconstructed polarization parameters. The reconstructed polarization parameters are used as sufficient statistics for finding a simple form of the likelihood. Bayes theorem is used to derive the posterior and to include nuisance parameters.

Results. The systematic errors originating from Gaussian approximations as a function of instrument sensitivity are quantified here. Different signal-to-background scenarios are considered making the analysis relevant for a large variety of observations. Additionally, the change of posterior shape and instrument performance MDP due to uncertainties on the polarimeteric response of the instrument is shown.
Discovery and characterisation of long-period eclipsing binary stars from Kepler K2 campaigns 1, 2, and 3
Authors: Maxted P. F. L. , Hutcheon R. J.
Published: March 2018

Context. The Kepler K2 mission now makes it possible to find and study a wider variety of eclipsing binary stars than has been possible to-date, particularly long-period systems with narrow eclipses.

Aims. Our aim is to characterise eclipsing binary stars observed by the Kepler K2 mission with orbital periods longer than P ≈ 5.5 days.

Methods. The ellc binary star model has been used to determine the geometry of eclipsing binary systems in Kepler K2 campaigns 1, 2 and 3. The nature of the stars in each binary is estimated by comparison to stellar evolution tracks in the effective temperature – mean stellar density plane.

Results. 43 eclipsing binary systems have been identified and 40 of these are characterised in some detail. The majority of these systems are found to be late-type dwarf and sub-giant stars with masses in the range 0.6–1.4 solar masses. We identify two eclipsing binaries containing red giant stars, including one bright system with total eclipses that is ideal for detailed follow-up observations. The bright B3V-type star HD 142883 is found to be an eclipsing binary in a triple star system. We observe a series of frequencies at large multiples of the orbital frequency in BW Aqr that we tentatively identify as tidally induced pulsations in this well-studied eccentric binary system. We find that the faint eclipsing binary EPIC 201160323 shows rapid apsidal motion. Rotational modulation signals are observed in 13 eclipsing systems, the majority of which are found to rotate non-synchronously with their orbits.

Conclusions. The K2 mission is a rich source of data that can be used to find long period eclipsing binary stars. These data combined with follow-up observations can be used to precisely measure the masses and radii of stars for which such fundamental data are currently lacking, e.g., sub-giant stars and slowly-rotating low-mass stars.
Ergebnisse der Rekonstruktion der Mittelgliedbasis am Finger durch ein osteochondrales Transplantat vom Os hamatum
Authors: Pillukat Thomas , Kalb Karlheinz , Windolf Joachim , van Schoonhoven Jörg
Published: March 2018

Die frakturierte Mittelgliedbasis wurde bei 13 Patienten durch ein osteochondrales Transplantat aus der karpometakarpalen Gelenkfläche des Os hamatum rekonstruiert. Ziel war die Wiederherstellung der Gelenkstabilität unter Erhalt der Beweglichkeit. Die Indikation bestand bei akuter oder veralteter isolierter Destruktion der palmaren Mittelgliedbasis ≥ 30 %. Kontraindikationen waren eine Destruktion des Grundgliedkopfes, fortgeschrittene Knorpelschäden am Grundgliedkopf bei veralteten Verletzungen und ausgedehnte Weichteilverletzungen mit fehlender Hautdeckung des Mittelgelenkes.

Bei der Operation wurde die frakturierte Mittelphalanxbasis debridiert und der Defekt durch ein passendes Transplantat aus der karpometakarpalen Gelenkfläche des Os hamatum ersetzt, das mit Minischrauben fixiert wurde.

Die knöcherne Heilung wurde zu 100 % erreicht mit Wiederherstellung der Gelenkkongruenz in 12 von 13 Fällen und einer leichten Subluxationsstellung in einem Fall. Eine Nachuntersuchung war in 9 Fällen nach 23 (5 – 51) Monaten möglich.

Der durchschnittliche Bewegungsumfang der rekonstruierten Gelenke betrug für Extension/Flexion 0/9/73°, die Grobkraft 82 % der nichtbetroffenen Gegenseite. 5 von 9 Patienten entwickelten eine milde Beugekontraktur. Im DASH-Score wurden 6 (0–33) Punkte erreicht, die Ruheschmerzen betrugen 1 (0–5), die Belastungsschmerzen 2 (0–6) auf der visuellen Analogskala von 0 – 10. Alle Patienten waren mit der Behandlung zufrieden und bereit, die gleiche Operation nochmals durchführen zu lassen. In Übereinstimmung mit der Literatur ist die Rekonstruktion der Mittelgliedbasis durch ein osteochondrales Transplantat vom Os hamatum eine zuverlässige Prozedur, um die Stabilität und Beweglichkeit des Mittelgelenkes wiederherzustellen.
Betreffend der Wrist-to-Forearm-Ratio des N. medianus ist die Sonographie zur Verlaufskontrolle nach Operation eines Karpaltunnelsyndroms
ungeeignet
Authors: Nitto Agnese , Baur Eva-Maria , Gruber Hannes , Löscher Wolfgang , Loizides Alexander , Mattesich Monika , Pülz Petra
Published: March 2018

Ziel Primäres Ziel der Untersuchung war es zu ermitteln, ob und inwieweit eine Korrelation zwischen dem klinischen Verlauf nach Karpaltunneldekompression
bei Karpaltunnelsyndrom (KTS) und der sonographisch ermittelten Wrist-to-Forearm-Ratio (WFR) des N. medianus besteht und diese somit zur Verlaufskontrolle
postoperativ geeignet ist.

Patienten und Methoden In einer prospektiven Studie wurden die klinischen, elektrophysiologischen und sonographischen Befunde von 40 Patienten, bei denen
aufgrund klinischer sowie sonografischer und elektrophysiologischer Kriterien eines Karpaltunnelsyndroms eine Spaltung des Retinaculum flexorum erfolgte,
präoperativ sowie 3 und 9 Monate postoperativ erfasst und miteinander verglichen. Letztlich kamen die Datensätze von 21 komplett untersuchten Patienten mit 23
operierten Händen zur Auswertung. Es handelte sich um 5 Männer und 16 Frauen mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 58 Jahren.

Ergebnisse Eine eindeutige Korrelation zwischen dem klinischen Verlauf nach Dekompression des Karpaltunnels bei KTS und der sonographisch ermittelten WFR
konnte ebenso wenig festgestellt werden wie mit den elektrophysiologisch erhobenen Befunden.

Schlussfolgerung Die Sonographie ist in punkto WFR zur Verlaufsbeobachtung nach Operation eines Karpaltunnelsyndroms ungeeignet.
Der Einfluss von standardisierter Kälte- und Kompressionstherapie auf Schwellung, Schmerzhaftigkeit und das funktionelle Ergebnis nach
Spaltung des Retinaculum flexorum bei Karpaltunnelsyndrom
Authors: Flecke Joerg , Vogt Peter M. , Meyer-Marcotty Max V.
Published: March 2018

Ziel Diese prospektiv randomisierte Studie untersucht den Einfluss von standardisierter Kälte- und Kompressionstherapie auf Schwellung, Schmerzhaftigkeit
und das funktionelle Ergebnis nach Spaltung des Retinaculum flexorum bei Karpaltunnelsyndrom im Vergleich zu einer reinen Kühlung.

Patienten und Methoden Fünfzig Patienten zur Spaltung des Retinaculum flexorum wurden in zwei Gruppen randomisiert. Für eine Woche führte Gruppe 1
postoperativ eine konventionelle Kühlungstherapie durch, Gruppe 2 eine standardisierte Kühlungs- u. Kompressionstherapie mit dem Cryo/Cuff™-System (3 × 10 min
zweimal täglich). Nachuntersuchungen erfolgten am 1., 8. und 21. Tag nach der Operation. Ein Patient der Gruppe 1 und 3 Patienten der Gruppe 2 konnten nicht
nachuntersucht werden. Die Untersuchungsparameter waren Schmerz, Schwellung, Beweglichkeit, Kraft, DASH- und MHQ-Score.

Ergebnisse Bzgl. der untersuchten Parameter fanden sich zu keinem Untersuchungszeitpunkt signifikante Unterschiede zwischen beiden Gruppen.

Schlussfolgerung Ein Vorteil der standardisierten kombinierten Kühlungs- und Kompressionstherapie mit dem Cryo/Cuff™-System gegenüber einer
konventionellen Kühlung nach Spaltung des Retinaculum flexorum konnte in dieser Studie nicht nachgewiesen werden.
Mittelfristige Ergebnisse nach alleiniger perkutaner Versorgung zentraler Impressionsfrakturen der Mittelphalanxbasis
Authors: Schöll Hendrik , Hintringer Wolfgang , Mentzel Martin
Published: March 2018

Ziel Ziel dieser Studie war es, die mittelfristigen Ergebnisse nach Impressionsfrakturen der Mittelgliedbasis, die ausschließlich mittels perkutaner Aufstopfung und K-Draht-Osteosynthese versorgt wurden, zu ermitteln.

Patienten und Methoden 19 Männer und 2 Frauen mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 31,9 (18–57) Jahren, bei denen eine zentrale Impressionsfraktur der Mittelgliedbasis ausschließlich mittels perkutaner Aufstopfung und K-Draht-Osteosynthese versorgt wurde, konnten nach durchschnittlich 13,2 (3–40) Monaten klinisch und radiologisch nachuntersucht werden.

Ergebnisse Zum Zeitpunkt der Nachuntersuchung konnten alle Patienten ihrer bisherigen beruflichen Tätigkeit sowie den gewohnten Freizeitaktivitäten nachgehen und waren schmerzfrei (VAS 0). Die betroffenen Mittelgelenke wiesen ein durchschnittliches Streckdefizit von 1° bei einer aktiven Flexion von 86° auf, was einem Bewegungsumfang von 93 % der unverletzten Gegenseite entsprach. Radiologisch zeigte sich ein schönes Remodelling der Gelenkfläche. Pin-assoziierte Komplikationen oder Wundheilungsstörungen wurden nicht beobachtet.

Schlussfolgerung Die alleinige intramedulläre Aufstopfung mit K-Draht-Osteosynthese stellt ein geeignetes und zuverlässiges Verfahren zur Therapie der zentralen Impressionsfraktur der Mittelgliedbasis dar. Gute funktionelle Ergebnis können bei nur geringem operativen Aufwand erreicht werden.
Synthesis of 1-Acyl-2-vinylcyclopropanes: Utilizing Copper-Carbenoid versus Sulfur Ylide Methodology
Authors: Laschat Sabine , Zens Anna , Seubert Philipp , Kolb Benedikt , Wurster Marius , Holzwarth Marcel , Mannchen Fabian , Forschner Robert , Claasen Birgit , Kunz Doris
Published: March 2018

The synthesis of a range of racemic 1-acyl-2-vinylcyclo­propanes by using two different methodologies is studied. We have developed a copper-catalyzed process for converting diazoketones into 1-acyl-2-vinylcyclopropanes and a sulfur-ylide-mediated procedure which allows, in only two steps, a simplified access to 1-acyl-2-vinyl­cyclopropanes with alkyl or aryl substituents on the alkene moiety.
Organocatalytic Electrochemical C–H Lactonization of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Luo Sanzhong , Li Longji , Yang Qi , Jia Zongbin
Published: March 2018

An electrochemical strategy has been developed for radical arene carbon–oxygen bond formation. This reaction utilizes DDQ as a redox mediator, with inexpensive glassy carbon electrodes to facilitate an intramolecular lactonization of biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid derivatives via aromatic carboxyl radical substitution to give 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-ones.
Unravelling Factors Affecting Directed Lithiation of Acylamino­aromatics
Authors: Smith Keith , El-Hiti Gamal , Alshammari Mohammed
Published: March 2018

Ureas, pivalamides, and carbamates are widely used as directing metalation groups (DMGs) due to their good directing ability, low cost, ease of access, and ease of removal. Lithiation of substituted benzenes having such directing metalation groups using various alkyllithiums in anhydrous solvent at low temperature provides the corresponding lithium intermediates, but lithiation may take place at various sites. Reactions of the lithium reagents obtained in situ with various electrophiles give the corresponding derivatives, typically substituted at the site(s) where initial lithiation occurred, often in high yields. However, it is often difficult to predict what reagents and/or conditions might be needed to give specific products or to draw general conclusions about the factors that influence the reactions, especially when the reagents, temperature, and solvents used in reported reactions are not directly comparable. In this review, therefore, we attempt to unravel the various factors that influence the lithiation of various simple aromatic compounds containing urea, pivalamide, and carbamate groups.

1 Introduction

2 Lithiation with DMG Attached Directly to the Phenyl Ring

2.1 Influence of the DMG

2.2 Influence of Substitution on the Phenyl Ring

3 Lithiation with the DMG Separated by a CH2 Group from the Phenyl­ Ring

3.1 Effect of the DMG

3.2 Influence of Substitution on the Phenyl Ring

4 Lithiation with the Phenyl Ring and DMG Separated by Two or More CH2 Groups

4.1 Effect of the DMG and Its Distance from the Phenyl Group

4.2 Effect of Substituents on the Phenyl Ring

5 Conclusions
PPh3-Mediated [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction between Bis-Substituted Allenoate and N-Tosylaldimines to Construct 2-Pyrrolines
Authors: Kong Xiangwen , Liu Lihua , Luo Siqin , Fan Shilu , Qian Haisheng , Xiao Hua
Published: March 2018

A triphenylphosphine-promoted [3+2] cycloaddition of α,γ-bis-substituted allenoates and N-tosylaldimines followed by alkene isomerization was disclosed, affording a series of functionalized 2-pyrroline derivatives in moderate chemical yields with random diastereoselectivities.
Catalyst-Free Synthesis of 3-(2-Quinolinemethylene)-Substituted Isoindolinones in Water
Authors: Xu Feng , Tian Youping , Sun Jialin , Zhang Kaihua , Li Gaoqiang
Published: March 2018

A facile and environmentally benign approach toward the synthesis of novel 3-alkyl-substituted isoindolinones by three-component reactions of 2-formylbenzoic acids, primary amines and 2-methyl­azaarenes in water under catalyst- and additive-free conditions is described. This protocol features the direct construction of multiple C–N and C–C bonds via a tandem Mannich-type reaction and intramolecular cyclization in a one-pot fashion, affording the desired 3-(2-quinolinemethylene)-substituted isoindolinones in high to excellent yields.
Lesiones meniscales RAMP, y lesiones del ligamento meniscotibial posteromedial
Authors: Negrín Roberto , Reyes Nicolás , Iñiguez Magaly , Wainer Mauricio , Duboy Jaime
Published: March 2018

Las lesiones meniscales son las lesiones más frecuentemente asociadas a lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado anterior (LCA), encontrándose 9,3 a 16,9% en el segmento posteromedial y comprometiendo el ligamento meniscotibial. Descritas por Strobel por su apariencia artroscópica de rampa, se ha presentado su importancia dado el subdiagnóstico y el efecto biomecánico de una lesión posteromedial del menisco sobre el LCA y que su reparación restaura la traslación nativa de la tibia en conjunto con la reconstrucción del pivote central. Se ha demostrado que la mejor forma para diagnosticar lesiones ramp, es por visiones artroscópicas accesorias, una a través del surco intercondíleo y la otra por un portal posteromedial, logrando diagnosticar y manejar aquellas lesiones que sean inestables, a través de suturas dentro tanto por el portal anterior como por el posterior. Los resultados quirúrgicos son buenos, con mayor riesgo de falla en casos que la lesión se extiende al cuerpo meniscal. Es una lesión que debe buscarse bajo lupa, ya que pasarla por alto puede llevar a progresión de la lesión y a un mayor riesgo de rerotura del ligamento cruzado reconstruido.
Profile of Patients with Intracranial Tumors Undergoing Surgical Resection at a Neuro-oncology Referral Hospital
Authors: Cunha Marcelo , Grosbelli Luiza
Published: March 2018

Objectives To analyze the epidemiological aspects of primary and metastatic tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) among patients operated on by a single surgeon dedicated to neuro-oncology at Hospital Regional do Oeste, in Chapecó (Santa Catarina, Brazil), between 2013 and 2016.

Methods Cross-sectional, retrospective, and observational analysis of 347 patients undergoing surgery due to intracranial tumors. The patients' data were obtained from the hospital registry, medical records, and pathology reports.

Results Primary CNS tumors comprised 72.1% of the sample. There was a predominance of females (52.7%), and the mean age was 49.3 years, with a peak of incidence between the ages of 25 and 64 years. Gliomas were the most common primary brain tumors (23.7%), followed by meningiomas (17.0%). Lung cancer (15.3%), breast cancer (4.9%), and melanoma (3.5%) were, in descending order, the most frequent primary sites of metastases, which were recorded in 97 cases (27.9%).

Conclusion The lack of standardization in the process of notification of tumor diseases imposes challenges in the establishment of estimates close to the real ones, preventing improvement of public health care policies to protect patients with neuro-oncological conditions. Based on the current model, regionalization of the data seems to be the best option in the management of this subgroup of patients.
Intramedullary Dermoid Cyst of the Cervical Spinal Cord – C5–C7 Level
Authors: Seerangan Palanisamy , Ashok Aravinth , Mahendran Jolarpettai
Published: March 2018

Introduction Inclusion cysts of the spinal cord are rarely intramedullary. Such cysts are commonly located in the lumbar and thoracic regions and are usually associated with congenital spinal dysraphism and dermal sinus. Intramedullary dermoid cysts in the cervical region without spinal dysraphism are extremely rare. To our knowledge, only seven such cases are reported in the literature to date.

Materials and Methods An 18-year-old female patient presented with weakness in all four limbs, more distal than proximal muscle weakness, that had been progressing for 3 years. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intramedullary lesion from C5– C7 with peripheral ring enhancement. “Whorls” were observed within the lesion on T2 weighted image, with associated excavation of vertebral bodies C5– C7. Operative procedure and findings: partial laminectomy of C5– D1was performed. The dura was opened. A small myelotomy was made in the root entry zone. About 1.5 ml of yellowish colored fluid was drained. White shiny debris with hair, whitish pultaceous content and teeth were removed. Complete excision of cyst and its wall was performed.

Results The histopathological examination revealed that the cyst wall was lined by stratified squamous epithelium with underlying dermis showing hair follicles, sebaceous glands, adipose tissue and cyst filled with keratin debris suggestive of dermoid cyst.

Conclusion The intramedullary location of the dermoid cyst in the cervical cord and the absence of any congenital spinal dysraphism make this case a very unique and rare entity and warrants its inclusion in the reported cases of rare intramedullary space occupying lesions.
Laboratory Diagnosis of Pediatric Herpesvirus Infections of the Central Nervous System by a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay and Intrathecal Antibodies
Authors: Yavru Sibel , Özdemir Mehmet , Feyzioğlu Bahadır
Published: March 2018

Introduction Central nervous system (CNS) viral infections are a serious problem requiring accurate diagnosis and treatment. Human herpesviruses (HHVs) are an important cause of these infections. Recent research has focused on new diagnostic methods allowing accurate and rapid identification of viral infections because there are still diagnostic difficulties for these infections. This study was done to determine the etiologic role of human herpes viruses and to obtain information that will contribute to the diagnostic algorithm in suspected cases of viral encephalitis or aseptic meningitis.

Materials and Methods In our study, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, varicella zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and HHV-6 DNA was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in CSF and serum by EIA in pediatric encephalitis/meningitis cases.

Results HSV-1 and VZV were detected in 5 and 3.3% of aseptic meningitis cases, respectively, but no encephalitis cases. Other viruses were not identified as etiologic agents. The seroprevalences were determined as 72.4, 34.3, 81.9, 93.3, 88.6, and 80.9%, respectively for HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, CMV, EBV, and HHV-6. The performance of specific IgG CSF/serum antibody index (AI) was not satisfactory.

Conclusion Our study indicates that the multiplex PCR method is the most suitable for the diagnosis of CNS infections caused by HHVs. However, due to the high cost of the PCR method, the positive results of the specific AI may be significant, but the negative results are unreliable, especially in limited health care facilities.
Aktuelle tiefenpsychologische Traumforschung
Authors: Hau Stephan
Published: March 2018

Experimentelle und klinische Traumforschung haben in den letzten Dekaden das Wissen über Traumprozesse wesentlich erweitert. Dabei ist die Bedeutung des manifesten Traums als Informationsquelle über das innere Erleben eines Menschen und über die bestehenden inneren Möglichkeiten, sich mit Konflikten, affektiv belastenden Situationen oder auch Beziehungskonflikten auseinanderzusetzen, hervorgehoben worden. In einer kurzen Zusammenstellung werden unterschiedliche Optionen psychoanalytischer beziehungsweise tiefenpsychologischer Traumforschung dargestellt.
Albträume
Authors: Pietrowsky Reinhard
Published: March 2018

Albträume sind ein relativ weit verbreitetes Phänomen im Kindesund Jugendalter, kommen aber auch bei Erwachsenen vor. Sie können eine psychische Störung darstellen. Ihre Ursachen sind multifaktoriell und umfassen neben Traumata und akuter Stressbelastung auch Persönlichkeitsfaktoren.

Es gibt effektive Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für Albträume, allen voran die Imagery-Rehearsal-Therapie.
Luzides Träumen
Authors: Lüth Katharina , Anthes Simone , Gerhardt Elena , Haverkamp Tabea , Schwarz Luana , Steinmetz Lisa
Published: March 2018

Luzides Träumen oder Klarträumen bezeichnet das Phänomen, im Traum zu wissen, dass man träumt und den Trauminhalt potenziell beeinflussen zu können. Luzides Träumen wird zum Beispiel in der Albtraumtherapie oder bei mentalem Training für Athleten angewandt. Dieser Übersichtsartikel fasst Grundlagen des Klarträumens, Anwendungen sowie verschiedene Methoden der Herbeiführung zusammen.
Neurobiologie des Träumens
Authors: Wiegand Michael
Published: March 2018

Die moderne Schlafforschung begann mit der Entdeckung der elektrischen Hirnaktivität, des Elektroenzephalogramms (EEG) durch den Psychiater Hans Berger (1). Bald nach den ersten Registrierungen der EEG-Aktivität im Wachzustand wurden auch deren Charakteristika im Schlafen beschrieben (2). Eine Sensation war 1953 die Entdeckung des sogenannten REM-Schlafs (REM = „rapid eye movements“) als eines eigenen Schlafstadiums (3), das offenbar in besonderer Weise mit dem Auftreten von Träumen verbunden ist. Die folgende Darstellung konzentriert sich auf die Neurophysiologie des REM-Schlafs und deren mögliche Beziehung zu Träumen.
Langzeitergebnisse nach Trabekulektomie kombiniert mit Mitomycin C und einem Ologen-Implantat
Authors: Fili Sofia , Seddig Sabine , Kohlhaas Markus
Published: March 2018

Hintergrund Das Ologen-Implantat (AeonAstron Europe B. V., Leiden, Niederlande) besteht aus einem biodegradierbaren Kollagen und Glycosaminoglykan und soll eine postoperative Filterkissenvernarbung oder Abkapselung vermeiden.

Methodik In einer retrospektiven klinischen Studie wurden 806 Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Glaukombefund mit einer Trabekulektomie kombiniert mit Mitomycin C0,02% und einem Ologen-Implantat behandelt. Die Follow-up-Zeit der Studie betrug 8 Jahre.

Ergebnisse Bei 92,6% der Patienten wurde in der Beobachtungszeit eine dauerhafte Drucksenkung von < 16 mmHg ohne das erneute Ansetzen einer drucksenkenden Therapie erreicht. Bei 6,8% der Patienten erfolgten zusätzliche operative Eingriffe bei Überfiltration oder Hypotonie mit Aderhautamotio. Bei der kombinierten Operation mit Phakoemulsifikation und Implantation einer Hinterkammerlinse kam es bei 3,35% der Patienten zur Revision des Filterkissens oder einem erneuten drucksenkenden Eingriff innerhalb von 8 Jahren.

Schlussfolgerung Eine Trabekulektomie kombiniert mit Mitomycin C0,02% und einem Ologen-Implantat schafft einen langfristigen filtrierenden Effekt < 16 mmHg und eine verringerte postoperative Komplikationsrate.
Structural and dielectric characteristics of Ba3Ln3Ti5Nb5O30 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm) filled tungsten bronze ceramics
Authors: Chen Wang , Gao Ting Ting , Zhu Xiao Li , Chen Xiang Ming
Published: March 2018

In the present work, the structural, dielectric and relaxor ferroelectric properties were investigated for Ba3Ln3Ti5Nb5O30 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm) ceramics. The filled tungsten bronze phase with space group P4/mbm was confirmed for all compositions, while a small amount of secondary phase was detected in Ba3Nd3Ti5Nb5O30 and Ba3Sm3Ti5Nb5O30. The typical relaxor ferroelectric behaviors were observed: a broad peak of dielectric constant shifting to higher temperatures and decreasing its magnitude with increasing frequency and the frequency dispersion obeying the Vogel-Fulcher relationship. The P-E (polarization-electric field) hysteresis loops were obtained for Ba3Ln3Ti5Nb5O30 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm) ceramics at low temperatures. The nanoscale ferroelectric 180° domains with strip-like shape were observed in the paraelectric matrix at room temperature, where the commensurate structural modulations were determined in the domains and incommensurate ones were determined in the matrix. The significant differences were determined between the present ceramics and Ba4Ln2Ti4Nb6O30 and Ba5LnTi3Nb7O30 because of the different distribution patterns of A1 and A2 cations.
Phase properties of elastic waves in systems constituted of adsorbed diatomic molecules on the (001) surface of a simple cubic crystal
Authors: Deymier P. A. , Runge K.
Published: March 2018

A Green's function-based numerical method is developed to calculate the phase of scattered elastic waves in a harmonic model of diatomic molecules adsorbed on the (001) surface of a simple cubic crystal. The phase properties of scattered waves depend on the configuration of the molecules. The configurations of adsorbed molecules on the crystal surface such as parallel chain-like arrays coupled via kinks are used to demonstrate not only linear but also non-linear dependency of the phase on the number of kinks along the chains. Non-linear behavior arises for scattered waves with frequencies in the vicinity of a diatomic molecule resonance. In the non-linear regime, the variation in phase with the number of kinks is formulated mathematically as unitary matrix operations leading to an analogy between phase-based elastic unitary operations and quantum gates. The advantage of elastic based unitary operations is that they are easily realizable physically and measurable.
Supply network science: Emergence of a new perspective on a classical field
Authors: Brintrup Alexandra , Ledwoch Anna
Published: March 2018

Supply networks emerge as companies procure goods from one another to produce their own products. Due to a chronic lack of data, studies on these emergent structures have long focussed on local neighbourhoods, assuming simple, chain-like structures. However, studies conducted since 2001 have shown that supply chains are indeed complex networks that exhibit similar organisational patterns to other network types. In this paper, we present a critical review of theoretical and model based studies which conceptualise supply chains from a network science perspective, showing that empirical data do not always support theoretical models that were developed, and argue that different industrial settings may present different characteristics. Consequently, a need that arises is the development and reconciliation of interpretation across different supply network layers such as contractual relations, material flow, financial links, and co-patenting, as these different projections tend to remain in disciplinary siloes. Other gaps include a lack of null models that show whether the observed properties are meaningful, a lack of dynamical models that can inform how layers evolve and adopt to changes, and a lack of studies that investigate how local decisions enable emergent outcomes. We conclude by asking the network science community to help bridge these gaps by engaging with this important area of research.
Super-low-frequency wireless power transfer with lightweight coils for passing through a stainless steel plate
Authors: Ishida Hiroki , Kyoden Tomoaki , Furukawa Hiroto
Published: March 2018

To achieve wireless power transfer (WPT) through a stainless-steel plate, a super-low frequency (SLF) was used as a resonance frequency. In our previous study of SLF-WPT, heavy coils were prepared. In this study, we designed lightweight coils using a WPT simulator that we developed previously. As a result, the weight was reduced to 1.69 kg from 11.9 kg, the previous coil weight. At a resonance frequency of 400 Hz, the transmission efficiency and output power of advanced SLF-WPT reached 91% and 426 W, respectively, over a transmission distance of 30 mm. Furthermore, 80% efficiency and 317 W output were achieved when transmitting power through a 1 mm-thick stainless-steel plate. This performance is much better than that in previous reports. We show using both calculations and experimental results that a power-to-weight ratio of 252 W/kg is possible even when using a 400 Hz power supply frequency.
In-line metrology for roll-to-roll UV assisted nanoimprint lithography using diffractometry
Authors: Kreuzer Martin , Whitworth Guy L. , Francone Achille , Gomis-Bresco Jordi , Kehagias Nikolaos , Sotomayor-Torres Clivia M.
Published: March 2018

We describe and discuss the optical design of a diffractometer to carry out in-line quality control during roll-to-roll nanoimprinting. The tool measures diffractograms in reflection geometry, through an aspheric lens to gain fast, non-invasive information of any changes to the critical dimensions of target grating structures. A stepwise tapered linear grating with constant period was fabricated in order to detect the variation in grating linewidth through diffractometry. The minimum feature change detected was ∼40 nm to a precision of 10 nm. The diffractometer was then integrated with a roll-to-roll UV assisted nanoimprint lithography machine to gain dynamic measurements in situ.
Scandium doped Ge2Sb2Te5 for high-speed and low-power-consumption phase change memory
Authors: Wang Yong , Zheng Yonghui , Liu Guangyu , Li Tao , Guo Tianqi , Cheng Yan , Lv Shilong , Song Sannian , Ren Kun , Song Zhitang
Published: March 2018

To bridge the gap of access time between memories and storage systems, the concept of storage class memory has been put forward based on emerging nonvolatile memory technologies. For all the nonvolatile memory candidates, the unpleasant tradeoff between operation speed and retention seems to be inevitable. To promote both the write speed and the retention of phase change memory (PCM), Sc doped Ge2Sb2Te5 (SGST) has been proposed as the storage medium. Octahedral Sc-Te motifs, acting as crystallization precursors to shorten the nucleation incubation period, are the possible reason for the high write speed of 6 ns in PCM cells, five-times faster than that of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) cells. Meanwhile, an enhanced 10-year data retention of 119 °C has been achieved. Benefiting from both the increased crystalline resistance and the inhibited formation of the hexagonal phase, the SGST cell has a 77% reduction in power consumption compared to the GST cell. Adhesion of the SGST/SiO2 interface has been strengthened, attributed to the reduced stress by forming smaller grains during crystallization, guaranteeing the reliability of the device. These improvements have made the SGST material a promising candidate for PCM application.
An effective temperature compensation approach for ultrasonic hydrogen sensors
Authors: Tan Xiaolong , Li Min , Arsad Norhana , Wen Xiaoyan , Lu Haifei
Published: March 2018

Hydrogen is a kind of promising clean energy resource with a wide application prospect, which will, however, cause a serious security issue upon the leakage of hydrogen gas. The measurement of its concentration is of great significance. In a traditional approach of ultrasonic hydrogen sensing, a temperature drift of 0.1 °C results in a concentration error of about 250 ppm, which is intolerable for trace amount of gas sensing. In order to eliminate the influence brought by temperature drift, we propose a feasible approach named as linear compensation algorithm, which utilizes the linear relationship between the pulse count and temperature to compensate for the pulse count error (ΔN) caused by temperature drift. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach is capable of improving the measurement accuracy and can easily detect sub-100 ppm of hydrogen concentration under variable temperature conditions.
Frontiers of beam diagnostics in plasma accelerators: Measuring the ultra-fast and ultra-cold
Authors: Cianchi A. , Anania M. P. , Bisesto F. , Chiadroni E. , Curcio A. , Ferrario M. , Giribono A. , Marocchino A. , Pompili R. , Scifo J. , Shpakov V. , Vaccarezza C. , Villa F. , Mostacci A. , Bacci A. , Rossi A. R. , Serafini L. , Zigler A.
Published: March 2018

Advanced diagnostics are essential tools in the development of plasma-based accelerators. The accurate measurement of the quality of beams at the exit of the plasma channel is crucial to optimize the parameters of the plasma accelerator. 6D electron beam diagnostics will be reviewed with emphasis on emittance measurement, which is particularly complex due to large energy spread and divergence of the emerging beams, and on femtosecond bunch length measurements.
Plasmonic enhancement of second-harmonic generation of dielectric layer embedded in metal-dielectric-metal structure
Authors: Kang Byungjun , Imakita Kenji , Fujii Minoru , Hayashi Shinji
Published: March 2018

The enhancement of second-harmonic generation from a dielectric layer embedded in a metal-dielectric-metal structure upon excitation of surface plasmon polaritons is demonstrated experimentally. The metal-dielectric-metal structure consisting of a Gex(SiO2)1–x layer sandwiched by two Ag layers was prepared, and the surface plasmon polaritons were excited in an attenuated total reflection geometry. The measured attenuated total reflection spectra exhibited two reflection dips corresponding to the excitation of two different surface plasmon polariton modes. Strong second-harmonic signals were observed under the excitation of these surface plasmon polariton modes. The results demonstrate that the second-harmonic intensity of the Gex(SiO2)1–x layer is highly enhanced relative to that of the single layer deposited on a substrate. Under the excitation of one of the two surface plasmon polariton modes, the estimated enhancement factor falls in a range between 39.9 and 171, while under the excitation of the other surface plasmon polariton mode, it falls in a range between 3.96 and 84.6.
Phase change studies in Se85In15−xZnx chalcogenide thin films
Authors: Srivastava Archana , Tiwari S. N. , Alvi M. A. , Khan Shamshad A.
Published: March 2018

This research work describes the phase change studies in Se85In15−xZnx thin films at various annealing temperatures. Glassy samples of Se85In15−xZnx were synthesized by the melt quenching method and thin films of thickness 400 nm were prepared by the vacuum evaporation technique on a glass/Si wafer substrate. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and the on-set crystallization temperature (Tc) of the prepared alloys were evaluated by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry studies. Thin films were annealed at three temperatures 330 K, 340 K, and 350 K (which are in between Tg and Tc of the synthesized samples) in a vacuum furnace for 2 h. High resolution X-ray diffraction studies demonstrate that the as-prepared films are amorphous in nature whereas the annealed films are of crystalline/polycrystalline in nature. Field emission scanning electron microscopy studies of thin films (as-deposited and crystallized) confirm the phase transformation in Se85In15−xZnx thin films. Optical band gaps were calculated from the Tauc's extrapolation procedure and were found to be enhanced with the Zn concentration and decrease with the increasing annealing temperature. Various optical parameters were evaluated for as-prepared and annealed Se85In15−xZnx thin films. The changes in optical parameters with annealing temperature were described on the basis of structural relaxation as well as changes in defect states and density of localized states during amorphous to crystalline phase transformation in Se85In15−xZnx thin films.
Optical differential reflectance spectroscopy for photochromic molecules on solid surfaces
Authors: Nickel Fabian , Bernien Matthias , Lipowski Uwe , Kuch Wolfgang
Published: March 2018

Optical reflectance of thin adsorbates on solid surfaces is able to reveal fundamental changes of molecular properties compared to bulk systems. The detection of very small changes in the optical reflectance required several technical improvements in the past decades. We present an experimental setup that is capable of high-quality measurements of submonolayers and ultrathin layers of photochromic molecules on surfaces as well as quantifying their isomerization kinetics. By using photomultipliers as detectors, an enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of three with a total reduction of light exposure on the sample by at least four orders of magnitude is achieved. The potential of the experimental setup is demonstrated by a characterization of the photoswitching and thermal switching of a spirooxazine derivate on a bismuth surface.
Mechanical improvement of metal reinforcement rings for a finite ring-shaped superconducting bulk
Authors: Huang Chen-Guang , Zhou You-He
Published: March 2018

As a key technique, reinforcement of type-II superconducting bulks with metal rings can efficiently improve their mechanical properties to enhance the maximum trapped field. In this paper, we study the magnetostrictive and fracture behaviors of a finite superconducting ring bulk reinforced by three typical reinforcing structures composed of metal rings during the magnetizing process by means of the minimization of magnetic energy and the finite element method. After a field-dependent critical current density is adopted, the magnetostriction, pinning-induced stress, and crack tip stress intensity factor are calculated considering the demagnetization effects. The results show that the mechanical properties of the ring bulk are strongly dependent on the reinforcing structure and the material and geometrical parameters of the metal rings. Introducing the metal ring can significantly reduce the hoop stress, and the reduction effect by internal reinforcement is much improved relative to external reinforcement. By comparison, bilateral reinforcement seems to be the best candidate structure. Only when the metal rings have particular Young’s modulus and radial thickness will they contribute to improve the mechanical properties the most. In addition, if an edge crack is pre-existing in the ring bulk, the presence of metal rings can effectively avoid crack propagation since it reduces the crack tip stress intensity factor by nearly one order of magnitude.