bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing Ultrasonography With Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Deep Tissue Injury
Authors: Sakata Yasuhiro , Namba Takanori , Umemoto Yasunori , Yoshikawa Tatsuya , Furusawa Kazunari , Asamura Shinichi
Published: December 2024

Background. Deep tissue injury (DTI), a pressure-related injury to the subcutaneous tissue under intact skin, has been featured in several recent studies. DTI is hard to detect, and by the time the injury becomes visible, extensive injury to the underlying tissue has often already occurred, resulting in a potentially serious and difficult-to-heal full-thickness pressure injury. Thus, early detection of subcutaneous injuries is essential, and previous reports describe the use of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for this purpose. The current report compares ultrasonography with MRI for detection of subcutaneous injuries. Case Report. In the 2 cases reported herein, the use of ultrasonography and MRI led to the detection of DTI and intervention before the injuries reached the skin surface. In case 1, DTI was suspected on MRI, and ultrasonography confirmed findings typical of DTI, leading to the diagnosis. In case 2, MRI was used to detect abnormal findings at a stage in which no abnormalities were found on ultrasonography. Conclusion. In both cases, MRI clearly identified abnormal findings, which suggests that it is superior to ultrasonography for visualizing deeper tissue. Consequently, the authors of the current report propose that compared with ultrasonography, use of MRI for the detection of DTI would lead to earlier intervention and healing.
Efficiency of New Smart Instillation Technology With Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Managing Complex Chronic and Surgical Wounds: A Case Series
Authors: Hill Rosemary
Published: December 2024

Background. Use of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time (NPWTi-d) of a topical wound solution has been limited in some settings due to perceptions of setup complexity. Typically, some guesswork was needed to estimate an adequate volume of solution to instill without causing leaks. A novel smart technology is recently available in certain NPWTi-d systems that automatically estimates and instills a solution volume according to wound dimensions. Objective. To report experience with this smart instillation NPWTi-d system technology in managing 4 complex wounds containing large areas of devitalized tissue and/or yellow fibrinous slough. Materials and Methods. NPWTi-d was applied via a reticulated open cell foam dressing with through holes (ROCF-CC). The smart instill button was selected to automatically determine a volume of topical solution to instill, followed by a 10-minute dwell time and 2-hour cycle of −125 mm Hg negative pressure. Results. The average NPWTi-d duration was 17.0 days, and no air or solution leaks occurred during therapy. Dressings were changed 3 times per week. All wounds were converted to clean granulating wounds during therapy. Conclusion. In this case series, smart technology simplified setup and facilitated regular cleansing and removal of devitalized tissue through the ROCF-CC dressing.
Morphoanatomy and Phytochemical Content of Sente Leaves (Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.)G.Don) under Different Light Intensity in Arboretum Universitas Padjadjaran
Authors: Rachma Nadhira Zaachrany , Mutaqin Asep Zainal , Setiawati Tia , Nurzaman Mohamad , Hasan Rusdi
Published: December 2024

Light intensity in plants influences their growth potential as well as their morphological, anatomical, and physiological structures. This study aimed to observe the leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf type, stomatal type, stomatal density, chlorophyll content, and phytochemical content of Sente leaves (Alocasia macrorrhizos) in two locations with different light intensities. This exploratory research used a survey method to determine the research location, and environmental parameter measurements was used as supporting data. Morphological and anatomical parameters and chlorophyll content were assessed using a quantitative approach, while phytochemical content was determined qualitatively and analyzed descriptively. The results showed differences in the morphology, anatomy, chlorophyll content, and phytochemicals of Sente leaves in varying light intensities. Morphologically, the leaves of Sente plants in shaded locations had larger surface areas, were thinner, and appeared greener compared to those in unshaded locations. The stomatal density of leaves in unshaded areas was higher (76.43 cells/mm ²) compared to shaded areas (56.05 cells/mm ²). The chlorophyll content in shaded locations was higher (82.03 CCl) than in unshaded locations (41.7 CCl). Phytochemical tests for flavonoids and saponins showed higher compound levels in leaves from unshaded locations, while tannin tests revealed higher levels in shaded locations compared to unshaded ones. Meanwhile, tests for alkaloids and quinones yielded negative results.
The Use of Interactive LKPD to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Science Learning Related to the Material of the Life Cycle of Living Things in Class III SDN Sangen 01
Authors: Huwaidah Yunita Nisrina , Sri Utami  , Raden Syaifuddin
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the use of interactive LKPD in improving student learning outcomes in science learning with the topic of recognizing the cycles of living things in class III at SDN Sangen 01. This research uses the class action research (PTK) method. The number of students in this study was 8 class III students at SDN Sangen 01, consisting of 3 male students and 5 female students. This research was carried out in two cycles and began with pre-cycle actions. Each cycle is carried out with planning, implementation and reflection activities. Based on the results of this research, it shows that student learning outcomes in this pre-cycle action are still low with an average score of 60 and learning completeness of 37.5%. In the first cycle stage, it shows that student learning outcomes are quite good because there is an increase with an average score of 76 and learning completeness of 62.5%. Meanwhile, in the second cycle stage, data was obtained that student learning outcomes were higher than the previous cycle, with an average score of 83 and learning completeness of 87.5%. Students' responses to the use of interactive LKPD were initially from adequate to very feasible and the learning process was included in the good category. Based on this, the use of LKPD can improve student learning outcomes regarding material about the cycles of living things in class III at SDN Sangen 01.This research aims to determine the use of interactive LKPD in improving student learning outcomes in science learning with the topic of recognizing the cycles of living things in class III at SDN Sangen 01. This research uses the class action research (PTK) method. The number of students in this study was 8 class III students at SDN Sangen 01, consisting of 3 male students and 5 female students. This research was carried out in two cycles and began with pre-cycle actions. Each cycle is carried out with planning, implementation and reflection activities. Based on the results of this research, it shows that student learning outcomes in this pre-cycle action are still low with an average score of 60 and learning completeness of 37.5%. In the first cycle stage, it shows that student learning outcomes are quite good because there is an increase with an average score of 76 and learning completeness of 62.5%. Meanwhile, in the second cycle stage, data was obtained that student learning outcomes were higher than the previous cycle, with an average score of 83 and learning completeness of 87.5%. Students' responses to the use of interactive LKPD were initially from adequate to very feasible and the learning process was included in the good category. Based on this, the use of LKPD can improve student learning outcomes regarding material about the cycles of living things in class III at SDN Sangen 01.
THE ROLE OF PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION RECEPTORS PPARΑ IN THE LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT OF BETULIN IN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN RATS
Authors:   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus, Shlyahtun A. H. , Maksimchik Yu. Z. ,   Applied-Research Laboratory of «DNA-technologies» of Educational Institution «Grodno State Agrarian University» Grodno, Belarus, Polubok V. Ch. ,   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus, Sutsko I. P. ,   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus, Raduta A. F. ,   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus, Buksha E. V. ,   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus, Bogdevich Y. V. ,   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus, Moiseenok E. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Motylevich Zh. V. ,   The Institute of Biochemistry Biologically Active Compounds, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Grodno, Belarus
Published: December 2024

Background. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant biomedical challenge. The triterpenoid botulin is one of promising therapeutic agents for NAFLD treatment. It is hypothesized that betulin exerts its lipid-lowering effects through the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), specifically PPARα. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the role of PPARα in mediating the lipid-lowering effects of betulin in a rat model of NAFLD. Materials and methods. The study was performed on Wistar rats utilizing contemporary biochemical and molecular biological techniques. Results. Administration of betulin (100 mg/kg/day for 28 days) to rats with NAFLD resulted in significant hepatoprotective and lipid-lowering effects. Betulin prevented the development of hepatomegaly and normalized the lipid profiles in both the blood serum and liver of NAFLD rats by increasing PPARα expression levels in the liver tissue. The administration of the PPARα antagonist GW6471 to betulin-treated NAFLD-rats reduced the betulin-induced increase in PPARα expression and inhibited hypolipidemic effect of betulin. Conclusion. The lipid-lowering effect of betulin in NAFLD is attributed to the increased expression levels of PPARα in the liver.
ПРЕДОТЕЛЬНЫЙ И ПОСЛЕОТЕЛЬНЫЙ ТИРЕОИДНЫЕ ПРОФИЛИ У КОРОВ С РАЗНОЙ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОЙ СПОСОБНОСТЬЮ В ПЕРВУЮ ЛАКТАЦИЮ
Authors: Лебедева И.Ю. , Митяшова О.С.
Published: December 2024

Контроль функциональной активности тиреоидной системы во время переходного периода от поздней стельности к лактации может служить важным фактором в поддержании энергетического/метаболического баланса и репродуктивной функции у коров. Цель данной работы – изучение влияния тиреоидного статуса нетелей и коров-первотелок чёрно-пестрой породы в предотельный и послеотельный периоды на их последующую воспроизводительную способность. За 8, 6, 4 и 2 недели до ожидаемого отёла и через 2 и 7 недель после отёла у животн37ых были взяты образцы крови для анализа содержания тиреоидных гормонов. Через 12 месяцев первотёлок разделили на 3 группы: I – сервис-период не более 125 дней (n=12); II – сервис-период от 126 до 365 дней (n=21); III – длительность послеродового бесплодия свыше 365 дней (n=11). В периоды за 4 недели до отёла и через 2 недели после отёла концентрация общего тироксина в сыворотке крови во II группе была ниже (P<0,05), чем в I группе. За 4 недели до отёла уровень общего трийодтиронина во II группе был выше, чем в III группе (P<0,05), а уровень свободного тироксина и свободного трийодтиронина был ниже (P<0,05) по сравнению с I группой. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что пониженная концентрация общего и свободного тироксина и свободного трийодтиронина в крови за 4 недели до отёла коррелирует в последующие сроки с удлинением сервис-периода.

Control of the functional activity of the thyroid system during the transition period from late pregnancy to lactation may be an important factor in maintaining the energy/metabolic balance and reproductive function in cows. The aim of this work was to study the effect of the thyroid status of Black Pied heifers and first-calving cows in the pre- and post-calving periods on their subsequent reproductive performance. Blood samples were taken from the animals for thyroid hormone analysis at 8, 6, 4 and 2 weeks before the expected calving and 2 and 7 weeks after calving. After 12 months, the first-calving heifers were divided into 3 groups: I - animals with a service period of no more than 125 days (n = 12); II - animals with a service period from 126 to 365 days (n = 21); III - animals with a postpartum infertility duration of over 365 days (n = 11). At 4 weeks before calving and 2 weeks after calving, the concentration of total thyroxine in blood serum in group II was lower (P<0.05) than in group I. At 4 weeks before calving, the level of total triiodothyronine in group II exceeded that in group III (P<0.05), and the levels of free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine were lower (P<0.05) compared to group I. The obtained results indicate that the reduced concentration of total and free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine in the blood 4 weeks before calving correlates with an extension of the service period in the subsequent periods.
Особые экономические зоны: от истоков к современности
Authors: Джунусова Д.Н.
Published: December 2024

Привлечение инвестиций в экономику страны, интенсификация и диверсификация экономического развития являются приоритетными задачами для любого государства. Один из инструментов такой политики — особые экономические зоны. Статья посвящена исследованию исторического опыта возникновения и развития особых экономических зон в различных регионах мира.

Attracting investments into the country's economy, intensification and diversification of economic development are priorities for any state. Special economic zones are one of the instruments of such a policy. The article is devoted to the study of the historical experience of the emergence and development of special economic zones in various regions of the world.
Тактика прокурорской проверки исполнения законов в организациях, осуществляющих деятельность в сфере спортивной подготовки несовершеннолетних
Authors: Козин А.П. , Токарев И.С. , Евсеев Е.В.
Published: December 2024

Актуальность исследуемой авторами темы обусловлена приоритетными направлениями деятельности органов прокуратуры, а именно прокурорским надзором в сфере защиты прав несовершеннолетних, а также надзорным сопровождением реализации национальных проектов на территории Российской Федерации. В целях совершенствования тактики прокурорской проверки исполнения законодательства в организациях, осуществляющих деятельность в сфере спортивной подготовки несовершеннолетних, в статье рассмотрены вопросы организации и проведения проверки исполнения законов в указанных организациях. Проанализирована прокурорская практика и правовые основания, способствующие качественному осуществлению проверочных мероприятий в исследуемой области. Выявлены особенности тактики проведения проверки при осуществлении надзора за исполнением законов, определен круг вопросов, подлежащих выяснению, разработан системный и комплексный подход к организации и проведению проверки.

The relevance of the topic studied by the authors is due to the priority areas of activity undertaken by the authorities of the prosecutor's office, more specifically to the prosecutorial supervision in the field of protecting the rights of minors, as well as supervisory support for the implementation of national projects in the Russian Federation. In order to improve the tactics of prosecutorial supervision of the legislative execution by organizations operating in the field of sports training for minors, the article deals with the organization and verification of the legislative execution in these organizations. The article analyzes prosecutor's practice and legal grounds that contribute to the high-quality implementation of verification activities in the area under study. The paper reveals features of the tactics used while conducting inspections of the legislative execution, presents the range of issues to be clarified, develops a systematic and integrated approach to organization and conduction of inspections
Принцип информационной открытости в деятельности органов публичной власти: конституционно-правовая характеристика
Authors: Сошникова И.В. , Руколеев В.А.
Published: December 2024

Целью настоящего исследования является формирование системного научно-практического представления о принципе информационной открытости в деятельности органов публичной власти. Методологическую основу исследования составили общенаучные и специально-юридические методы, выбор которых обусловлен темой исследования и его целью. Среди общенаучных методов в работе использованы общелогические методы познания (анализ, синтез, индукция, дедукция, обобщение) и системный метод, в числе специально-юридических методов — формально-юридический и сравнительно-правовой. В качестве основного метода был избран системный метод, что позволило установить разветвленную систему гарантий принципа информационной открытости в деятельности органов публичной власти. Авторы пришли к выводу, что принцип информационной открытости в деятельности органов власти является частью более широкого понятия «гласность» и подкрепляется сложной системой гарантий — правом на обращение и правом на информацию. Оба субъективных права тесным образом связаны и не создают между собой конкуренцию.

The purpose of this study is to form a systematic scientific and practical understanding of the principle of information openness in the activities of public authorities. The methodological basis of the study was made up of general scientific and special legal methods, the choice of which is determined by the topic of the study and its purpose. Among the general scientific methods, general logical methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization) and the system method were used in the work. Among the special legal methods are formal legal and comparative legal methods. The system method was chosen as the main method, which made it possible to establish an extensive system of guarantees of the principle of information openness in the activities of public authorities. So the authors came to the conclusion that the principle of information openness in the activities of government bodies is part of the broader concept of "glasnost" and is supported by a complex system of guarantees - the right to appeal and the right to information. Both subjective rights are closely related and do not form competition with each other.
Современные представления о методе гражданско-правового регулирования (некоторые аспекты развития)
Authors: Рыженков А.Я.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена некоторым аспектам предмета и метода правового регулирования. Отмечается, что метод правового регулирования – явление не столько нормативного, сколько теоретико-доктринального порядка. Поэтому под относительной новизной континуально-комбинаторного метода имеется в виду не то, что изобретаются какие-то уникальные технические приемы, но лишь то, что сложившаяся практика нормативного регулирования требует новой концептуализации на уровне юридической науки, чего в отношении метода гражданского права пока сделано не было. Независимость общественных отношений от самого процесса правового регулирования оказывается мнимой хотя бы потому, что право не существует отдельно от идеологической сферы общества, а значит, те или иные правовые идеи уже изначально присутствуют в той социальной среде, которая определяет характер этих общественных отношений. Коль скоро предмет правового регулирования вообще и гражданского права в частности не является чем-то самостоятельным и автономным, а напротив, лишь конструируется на основе принципов права, то подобные нормативные предписания выполняют именно эту функцию – конституирования предмета гражданско-правового регулирования, внутри которого затем возникает уже более прикладная задача – определить конкретные права и обязанности участников.

The article is devoted to some aspects of the subject and method of legal regulation. It is noted that the method of legal regulation is a phenomenon not so much normative as theoretical and doctrinal order. Therefore, by the relative novelty of the continuum-combinatorial method is meant not that some unique technical techniques are invented, but only that the established practice of normative regulation requires a new conceptualization at the level of legal science, which has not yet been done in respect of the method of civil law. The independence of social relations from the very process of legal regulation is imaginary at least because the law does not exist separately from the ideological sphere of society, and therefore, these or other legal ideas are already initially present in the social environment, which determines the nature of these social relations. As long as the subject of legal regulation in general and civil law in particular is not something independent and autonomous, and on the contrary, only constructed on the basis of the principles of law, such regulations perform precisely this function - the constitution of the subject of civil law regulation, within which then arises a more applied task - to determine the specific rights and obligations of participants.
Размышления об экономическом анализе, финансовой науке и финансовом праве (часть 1)
Authors: Кажлаев С.А. , Черникова Е.В. , Пономарев А.В.
Published: December 2024

Авторы предприняли попытку творчески проследить зарождение и развитие научного направления «Экономический анализ права», сравнить его проявления в различных правовых семьях и сопоставить с финансовым правом и финансовой наукой. Исследование состоит из двух частей — общей и особенной, в рамках которых рассматриваются вопросы развития права и экономики, влияния экономических концепций на развитие права, экономического анализа права, взаимодействия финансовой науки и финансового права, их внутренних взаимосвязей и взаимозависимостей. Цель исследования — выявить и сопоставить общие начала экономико-правовых концепций и финансовой-правовой науки путем их сравнительного анализа. В процессе исследования использованы исторический, правовой, сравнительный, аналитический научные методы.

The authors made an attempt to creatively trace the origin and development of the scientific direction "Economic Analysis of Law", compare its manifestations in various legal families and compare it with financial law and financial science. The study consists of two parts - general and special, within which issues of the development of law and economics, the influence of economic concepts on the development of law, economic analysis of law, the interaction of financial science and financial law, their internal relationships and interdependencies are considered. The purpose of the study is to identify and compare the general principles of economic and legal concepts and financial and legal science through their comparative analysis. In the process of research, historical, legal, comparative, analytical scientific methods were used.
Метод правового регулирования: аксиология и морфология
Authors: Ветютнев Ю.Ю.
Published: December 2024

В статье показано, что процесс правового регулирования может быть представлен как аксиологизация общественных отношений через посредство правовых форм. При этом отправной точкой выступают правовые ценности как достигнутые социальные конвенции, принимающие, как правило, промежуточный облик правовых принципов; метод правового регулирования — это динамическая модель переработки ценностей в нормы, результатом чего становится конструирование нового стандарта общественных отношений, рассматриваемого как предмет правового регулирования. Специфика отраслей права обусловлена, прежде всего, различными иерархическими сочетаниями ценностных установок. При том что уголовное и гражданское право разделяют единые ценности, они располагают их в разном порядке: для уголовного права справедливость выше свободы, потому что во имя справедливого наказания, соответствующего тяжести деяния, ограничивается свобода виновного лица; в гражданском праве свобода преобладает над справедливостью, поскольку без волеизъявления потерпевшего лица возмещение причиненного вреда не производится. Таким образом, самостоятельность отраслей права создается даже не различным набором ценностей, но разными вариантами расстановки ценностных приоритетов. Кроме того, именно возникновение в правовом пространстве каких-либо новых ценностей с высокой вероятностью приводит к постепенному складыванию новых отраслей права.

The article shows that the process of legal regulation can be represented as axiologization of public relations through legal forms. At that, legal values as the achieved social conventions taking, as a rule, the intermediate form of legal principles act as a starting point; the method of legal regulation is a dynamic model of processing values into norms resulting in the construction of a new standard of social relations considered as a subject of legal regulation. The specificity of branches of law is primarily due to different hierarchical combinations of values. while criminal and civil law share the same values, they have them in different order: for criminal law justice is higher than freedom, because in the name of fair punishment, corresponding to the gravity of the act, the freedom of the guilty person is limited; in civil law freedom prevails over justice, because without the will of the injured person no compensation for the damage caused is made. Thus, the independence of branches of law is created not even by a different set of values, but by different versions of the arrangement of value priorities. In addition, it is the emergence of any new values in the legal space with a high probability leads to the gradual formation of new branches of law.
Нормативный правовой акт, локальный правовой акт, технические нормативные правовые акты
Authors: Червяковский А.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье исследуются имеющиеся в законодательстве и юридической практике подходы к пониманию нормативного правового акта, а также место локальных правовых актов и технических актов в системе нормативно-правового регулирования общественных отношений. Проанализировано законодательство Российской Федерации, а также законы о нормативных правовых актах государств ближнего зарубежья. Автор полагает, что отсутствие устойчивой легальной дефиниции нормативного правового акта не способствует единству правотворческой и правоприменительной практики, порождает неопределенность в отнесении тех или иных документов к правовым актам. Локальные правовые акты, содержащие нормативные положения, следует считать нормативными правовыми актами. К нормативным правовым актам также относятся и технические регламенты и иные подобные акты. Автор полагает необходимым принятие федерального закона о нормативных правовых актах.

The article explores the approaches in the legislation and legal practice to understand the regulatory legal act, as well as the place of local legal acts and technical acts in the system of regulatory regulation of public relations. The legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as laws on regulatory legal acts of neighboring countries, is analyzed. The author believes that the absence of a stable legal definition of a normative legal act does not contribute to the unity of law -making and law enforcement practice, gives rise to uncertainty in classifying certain documents to legal acts. Local legal acts containing regulatory provisions should be recognized as regulatory legal acts. Normative legal acts also include technical regulations and other similar acts. The author considers it necessary to adopt a federal law on regulatory legal acts.
К вопросу о предмете административного права
Authors: Костенников М.В. , Куракин А.В. , Адмиралова И.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье раскрывается предмет административного права, обращается внимание на важность определения предмета отрасли права, а также на факторы, влияющие на содержательное наполнение отрасли права. Авторы анализируют различные точки зрения на предмет административного права, прослеживая эволюцию воззрений на сущность системы административного права в историческом ракурсе. По мнению авторов, самая функциональная и гармоничная система административного права была предложена профессором К.С. Бельским.

The article reveals the subject of administrative law, draws attention to the importance of defining the subject of the branch of law, as well as to the factors affecting the content of the branch of law. The authors analyze different points of view on the subject of administrative law, tracing the evolution of views on the essence of the system of administrative law in a historical perspective. According to the authors, the most functional and harmonious system of administrative law was proposed by Professor K.S. Belsky.
Формирование общероссийской гражданской идентичности беженцев на территории Российской Федерации: вопросы правового регулирования
Authors: Панкевич Н.В. , Руденко В.В.
Published: December 2024

Целью настоящей статьи является разработка предложений по совершенствованию законодательства Российской Федерации по вопросу формирования общероссийской идентичности беженцев с учетом наработок политологической науки на основе междисциплинарного подхода. В статье проанализировано текущее состояние российского законодательства по данному вопросу, оценены стратегии интеграции беженцев в зарубежных странах, дан прогноз интеграции беженцев из Украины, ДНР и ЛНР в социальной перспективе. Сделан вывод о необходимости совершенствования российского законодательства по следующим направлениям: 1) оптимизация процедур получения статуса беженцев; 2) дифференциация мер поддержки беженцев в зависимости от их категории; 3) проработка системы обязательств беженцев по интеграции в принимающее сообщество и связь получения мер поддержки с выполнением данных обязательств; 4) задействование договорных механизмов обеспечения выполнения указанных обязательств; 5) совершенствование поселенческой политики.

The purpose of this article is to develop proposals for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation on the formation of the all-Russian identity of refugees, taking into account the developments of political science on the basis of an interdisciplinary approach. The article analyzes the current state of Russian legislation on asylum and social support of refugees, evaluates strategies for the integration of refugees in foreign countries, and provides for a perspective on the integration of refugees from Ukraine, the DPR and the LPR in the social perspective. The possibilities to improve Russian legislation in the following areas are: 1) optimization of procedures for obtaining refugee status; 2) differentiation of refugee support measures depending on their category; 3) developing a system of obligations for refugees to integrate into the host community and linking the receipt of support measures with the fulfillment of these obligations; 4) implementation of contractual mechanisms to ensure the fulfillment of these obligations; 5) improvement of settlement policy.
Проблемы реализации принципов международного гуманитарного права о защите гражданского населения и гражданских объектов в современных вооруженных конфликтах.
Authors: Пузырева Ю.В.
Published: December 2024

Целью исследования, проведенного в рамках настоящей статьи, явилось изучение многоаспектных вопросов реализации отдельных отраслевых принципов международного гуманитарного права (далее — МГП) в современных вооруженных конфликтах с позиции концептуального и практико-ориентированного подхода. В статье проведен анализ устоявшейся тенденции урбанизации военных действий и связанных с этим проблем в реализации положений МГП по защите гражданского населения и гражданских объектов от нападений, а также прямого и косвенного ущерба. Кроме того, в статье рассмотрены актуальные инициативы государств по ограничению применения тяжелого взрывного оружия в населенных пунктах с учетом приоритетов по защите гражданского населения и гражданской инфраструктуры в рамках военного планирования операций в городской среде и инфраструктуре. В результате проведенного исследования сформулированы выводы относительно значимости пересмотра подходов государств к реализации действующих отраслевых принципов и норм МГП с учетом меняющейся природы современных вооруженных конфликтов и выработки на этой основе новых адекватных предложений и стратегий, позволяющих в своей совокупности минимизировать последствия вооруженных конфликтов для гражданской инфраструктуры и гражданского населения.

The article deals with the concept of legitimacy in international law in its application to international courts and tribunals. It is noted that in the doctrine, legitimacy is directly associated with the execution of decisions made by an international court or arbitration, and is considered as one of the explanations for such execution along with coercion. It is noted that from a doctrinal point of view, legitimacy is divided into objective (normative) legitimacy and subjective, based on the perception of the norm or its decision by the addressees. For international courts, the source of their normative legitimacy will be documents that record states' consent to their jurisdiction. In turn, subjective legitimacy plays a very important role precisely in international justice, due to the fact that the effectiveness of international courts and tribunals largely depends on the willingness of the parties to the dispute to accept and implement their decisions. If states cease to consider this court or tribunal as a legitimate source of judicial power, this may lead to their refusal to enforce judicial decisions or even to withdraw from the jurisdiction of the court.
Хозяйственное право: возвращение к истокам или новое рождение
Authors: Ефимцева Т.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье проводится исследование современной системы российского права, целью которого является определение места в ней некоторых общностей правовых норм, претендующих на самостоятельность, примером которых выступает предпринимательское (хозяйственное) право. Особое внимание уделяется соотношению понятий «предпринимательская деятельность» и «хозяйственная деятельность».

The article examines the modern system of Russian law, the purpose of which is to determine the place in it of some commonalities of legal norms claiming independence, an example of which is entrepreneurial (economic) law. Special attention is paid in the article to the correlation of the concepts of "entrepreneurial activity" and "economic activity".
A Review of Pesticides for the Control of Some Cotton Pests
Authors:   Agricultural Research Council, Industrial Crops, Private Bag X82075, Rustenburg, 0300, South Africa, N Malinga Lawrence , D Laing Mark ,   University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
Published: December 2024

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important fibre cash crops grown for fibre in over 83 countries with tropical and subtropical climatic conditions. The incidence of cotton pests is a significant factor that affects cotton production. The production is severely affected by insect pests, resulting in poor yields despite the growing demand for the commodity. Pests and diseases are estimated to cause 60% losses in cotton production throughout the world [107]. A successful control strategy requires integrated pest management that prevents or suppresses damaging populations of insect pests by applying the comprehensive and coordinated integration of multiple and compatible control tactics, including chemical control, which involves the use of pesticides [21].
Impact of Urbanization on Population Abundance of Some Passerines in the Outskirts of Faisalabad
Authors:   Department of Zoology Wildlife and fisheries, university of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, Waseem Muhammad , Abbas Imran ,   Department of Mathematics, Air University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: December 2024

This study which described the urbanization effects on the two passerines (Corvus splendens and Passer domesticus) have amply provided information that the impact of urbanization appears to be taking heavy toll of wildlife in Pakistan. Unrealistic and without any plan urbanization to cater for the large influx of population as caused serious declined in the small and large mammals and also beneficial birds. It was recorded the roost exists for house sparrow in the morning were 69±5.05, the roost return 18±1.83, foraging 65±4.54, mobbing behavior was 17±1.24, bird scuffles 17±1.17 and overall numerical values in the morning 257±12.80. It was evident that impact of urbanization in the Gutwala and its vicinities were far less as compared to the situations which existed several decades ago with the increase of population abundance. It is, therefore, highly significant that the conservation of wildlife remains very important and should be managed in later and spirit by equatorially managing wildlife populations and human requirements, with least impacts recorded on the wildlife sustainability.
Innovative computing and blockchain technologies in agriculture for accelerating economic integration among Russia, China, and the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Mikhailov A. Yu.
Published: December 2024

Innovative computing and blockchain technologies in Russia, China, and the Republic of Belarus have been presented. Cloud computing refers to distributed computing technologies that use algorithms for network access to shared computing resources. Using a cloud service for intelligent farming is a promising technology since it can provide huge computing power and storage capacity, high scalability, and flexibility. Cloud infrastructure includes computer networks, servers, data warehouses, and operating systems. Cloud service providers typically provide their services using one of the following information technologies: SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service). With SaaS, all the necessary software is located on cloud servers and rented out. There are also services such as data, file and record repositories, web-based email services, and various project management-related tools that can be customized depending on an agricultural company. With PaaS, customers are provided with an environment for developing their own applications, including operating systems, databases and data processing tools, as well as capabilities and resources for data storage, and operating system installation. The main goal of IaaS is to eliminate dependence on platforms and resource–intensive installation by providing them as part of a cloud service.
Assessment of Russian fiscal space and directions for improving fiscal policy under the influence of sanctions restrictions
Authors: Kosov M. E.
Published: December 2024

Under the circumstances of the dynamic geopolitical situation, it is becoming increasingly important to develop an effective methodology for assessing fiscal space. Fiscal space formation depends on a number of key factors, including economic development of a country, the size of its population and labor force, and the tax system efficiency. Understanding these factors and being able to use them correctly helps a country to manage its finances effectively and ensure sustainable development of its economy. The sanctions imposed on Russia by “unfriendly” states have revealed a huge number of weaknesses in the modern domestic economy, so it is necessary to approach the issue consciously and comprehensively. It is necessary to revise budget priorities, search for additional funding, and support the economy sectors most vulnerable to the sanctions pressure from Western countries. For the state development and its financial stability, it is becoming more urgent. The government will be able to make more informed decisions on fiscal policy and maintain stability and reliability of the federal budget in conditions of volatility and uncertainty, if a more accurate and adaptable method to assess fiscal space is developed.
Digital transformation and digital public administration
Authors: Tsvetkov V. Ya.
Published: December 2024

Society development in modern world is characterized by a trend called digital transformation. This multiple phenomenon concerns different industries and directions from medicine to transportation. Society digital transformation is not just a new trend. It creates synergistic development in science and technology and is synonymous with the “digitalization” term. Digitalization has emerged as a trend of digital economy and generalization of a number of digital technologies and has been significantly enriched with the advent of the Internet of Things and satellite technologies. It is in interaction with a number of digital technologies. Digital transformation accompanies development of a number of industries such as management, agriculture, transportation, real estate, construction, cadaster, and natural resource extraction. One of the characteristics of digital transformation in governance is that it has led to emergence of new phenomena such as digital governance and digital law. Despite the widespread use of digitalization, specificity and evolution of the “digital” term is often overlooked. Content-wise, it emerged during the Third Information Revolution, formally during the Fourth. “New” economy emergence served as the basis for digital economy emergence. Despite the modern analysis, it has not yet been precisely defined. The existing interpretations to the definition of this concept have been analyzed. Digital transformation development in Russia and other countries has been compared. A critical analysis of some approaches to digital transformation has been given. Digital law and digital governance go beyond existing regulations and use special legislation and regulations. These new directions require further development.
Structural and Electronic Features of CaTiO3 Polymorphs and 2D-derived Systems: a Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Loletti Marta , Borghesi Costanza , Rurali Riccardo , GIORGI Giacomo
Published: December 2024

Oxide perovskite materials exhibit intriguing optical and electrical properties that are widely exploited in ceramics and optoelectronic devices. With particular emphasis on its application for photocatalysis, this study aims to theoretically characterize the structural and electronic features of CaTiO3, both as a stand-alone material and as a possible component in heterostructures. By means of a campaign of ab-initio calcu- lations, we have revised the polymorphic nature of the material through an extensive analysis of its structural and electronic properties. While standard DFT clearly confirms its intrinsic underestimation in predicting the excited state properties, by apply- ing the recently introduced DFT− 1/2 method to the bandgap and dispersion calculations, we find very good agreement with experimental reported data. Finally, we include the investigation of dimensionally reduced CaTiO3-based surfaces and nanosheets, open- ing the way to interesting possibilities for additional novel supports and photocatalysts with unique features.
Rational Design of PROTAC Linkers Featuring Ferrocene as a Molecular Hinge to Enable Dynamic Conformational Changes
Authors: Salerno Alessandra , Wieske Lianne , Diehl Claudia , Ciulli Alessio
Published: December 2024

Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are bifunctional molecules that induce ubiquitination and degradation of a target protein via recruitment to an E3 ligase. The linker influences many steps of the PROTAC mode of action, from cellular permeability to ternary complex formation and target degradation. Much interest has therefore been devoted to linker design to fine-tune molecular and mechanistic properties of PROTACs. In this study, we present FerroTACs, a novel PROTAC design strategy incorporating ferrocene as the linker chemotype. We exemplify the approach across three different PROTAC systems: VHL-VHL (homo-PROTACs), VHL-CRBN, and VHL-BETs. We find that ferrocene’s unique organometallic structure, featuring freely rotating cyclopentadienyl rings around a central Fe(II) ion, acts as a molecular hinge enabling dynamic conformational changes i.e., chameleonicity. Conformational analyses via NMR spectroscopy support ferrocene's role in fostering intramolecular interactions that result in a more folded state in an apolar environment. This property promotes compact conformations, improving cellular permeability and reducing efflux liabilities. Cellular assays demonstrate that FerroTACs exhibit robust target degradation and cell permeability profiles, en-par or enhanced compared to benchmark PROTACs CM11, 14a and MZ1. These findings highlight ferrocene’s potential as a new linker design strategy, offering a versatile platform to install and control molecular chameleonicity into next-generation PROTACs.
Computed isotope shifts of high-frequency vibrational modes exceed thermal noise in propionate bound to a human olfactory receptor
Authors: Williams Jacob , Marszalek Piotr , Yang Weitao
Published: December 2024

Despite its ubiquity in nature, some details of the animal olfactory system remain unclear. One such mystery is the mechanism by which olfactory receptors (ORs) recognize the olfactant molecules they bind to. Some evidence indicates that ORs can distinguish between molecules that differ only in isotopic composition, suggesting that olfactants' vibrational modes may play a role in their recognition. In 2023, the first experimental structure of a human olfactory receptor—OR51E2—was produced, providing computational scientists an opportunity to shed additional light on this problem. We compute the infrared spectrum of the olfactant propionate (C2H5COO–) in the OR51E2 binding site by quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics, with atomic positions taken at 25 time points over a 500 ns molecular dynamics simulation. By comparing the spectra for all 32 possible hydrogen/deuterium isotopic combinations in propionate and across the time snapshots, we estimate the relative strength of the isotope effects and thermal fluctuations in the vibrational energy of C2H5COO–. The high-frequency C–H modes are are about 800 cm^{-1} higher in energy than their deuterated counterparts, a large separation relative both to their fluctuations over time and to the thermal energy available at physiological temperature. Lower-frequency vibrations do not display such a clear isotopic separation. Thus, any vibrational component to olfactant recognition—especially one that allows distinguishing between isotopes—is likely to involve these high-frequency modes.
In-Silico Identification of Type II IMPDH Inhibitors for DENV Suppression
Authors: Upadhye Gaurrav , Valdiviezo Jesús
Published: December 2024

The Dengue virus (DENV) single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that relies on the host’s guanine nucleotide pool for RNA synthesis, facilitated by the type II Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH) enzyme. Inhibiting IMPDH disrupts this process. In this study, C2-Mycophenolic Acid (MYD), a known IMPDH inhibitor, was used as a template for generating alternative inhibitory compounds via NVIDIA’s AI molecule generation model, molmim, with a similarity constraint of 0.5. Molecular docking simulations were conducted using AutoDock Vina, and the generated ligands were analyzed for binding affinity and protein-ligand interactions. Three ligands, G11_1 (-9.441), G18_1 (-8.788), and G27_1 (-8.727) exhibited stronger docking scores than MYD (-8.439), demonstrating improved binding efficiency. These ligands contain critical structural features, including carbonyl groups, hydroxyl groups, and aromatic rings, facilitating hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and hydrophobic interactions with IMPDH residues. Upon further testing, this preliminary research offers a promising direction for discovering therapeutic approaches to tackle dengue.