bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Prosocial and Hope-Promoting Communication Strategies on COVID-19 Worry and Intentions for Risk-Reducing Behaviors and Vaccination: Experimental Study (Preprint)
Authors: Scharnetzki Elizabeth , Waterston Leo , Scherer Aaron M , Thorpe Alistair , Fagerlin Angela , Han Paul K J
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has engendered widespread fear and skepticism about recommended risk-reducing behaviors including vaccination. Health agencies are faced with the need to communicate to the public in ways that both provide reassurance and promote risk-reducing behaviors. Communication strategies that promote prosocial (PS) values and hope are being widely used; however, the existing research on the persuasiveness of these strategies has offered mixed evidence. There is also very little research examining the comparative effectiveness of PS and hope-promoting (HP) strategies.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of PS and HP messages in reassuring the public and motivating COVID-19 risk–reducing behaviors.

METHODS

A web-based factorial experiment was conducted in which a diverse sample of the US public was randomized to read messages which adapted existing COVID-19 information from a public website produced by a state government public health department to include alternative framing language: PS, HP, or no additional framing (control). Participants then completed surveys measuring COVID-19 worry and intentions for COVID-19 risk–reducing behaviors and vaccination.

RESULTS

COVID-19 worry was unexpectedly higher in the HP than in the control and PS conditions. Intentions for COVID-19 risk–reducing behaviors did not differ between groups; however, intentions for COVID-19 vaccination were higher in the HP than in the control condition, and this effect was mediated by COVID-19 worry.

CONCLUSIONS

It appears that HP communication strategies may be more effective than PS strategies in motivating risk-reducing behaviors in some contexts but with the paradoxical cost of promoting worry.
The Adaptation Features and Text Reconstruction in Translating Grand Canal Poems into English
Authors: Fan Kai-Fang
Published: August 2022

The English and Chinese versions of the Grand Canal poems have different adaptation features, which have an influence on the text reconstruction of the English versions of the Grand Canal poems. This study analyzes the pragmatic adaptation features of the English versions of the Grand Canal poems in terms linguistic choices and non-linguistic choices with the representative works of the English and Chinese versions of the Grand Canal poems as the corpus. The study finds that at the level of linguistic choices, the English versions of the Grand Canal poems is, to a large extent, adaptive to the current communicative purpose of the Grand Canal culture expressed in the original Chinese versions, but at the level of non-linguistic choices, it is, to a little extent, adaptive to the above communicative purpose. Therefore, the practice of translating Grand Canal poems into English needs to be improved in terms of linguistic choices at the level of vocabulary, syntax and rhetoric, as well as non-linguistic choices at the level of state of mind, moods and cultural image, so as to reconstruct English versions of Grand Canal poems that are adaptive adequately and fully to the pragmatic features of poems expressed in the Chinese versions and the needs of target readers of English versions.
Bolivia: protagonista y espectador en las reconfiguraciones sudamericanas en el siglo XXI
Authors: Ceppi Natalia
Published: August 2022

l objetivo de este trabajo radica en analizar cómo un Estado pequeño como Bolivia ha enfrentado las mutaciones del mapa político regional en el transcurso del presente siglo considerando el fervor del denominado ciclo progresista y luego, su decaimiento. Se emplea un abordaje cualitativo para comprender el fenómeno y su contexto, el cual pone a dialogar aportes teóricos-conceptuales sobre la noción de Estados pequeños y referencias empíricas sobre el caso en cuestión, provenientes de fuentes documentales, bibliográficas y estadísticas. En términos de resultados, se sostiene que los constreñimientos propios de su condición direccionaron una política exterior pragmática orientada a capitalizar las posibilidades de crecimiento, sobre todo en materia económica, más allá de las diferencias político-ideológicas que pudieran presentarse.
Películas orales ultradelgadas con extractos de Agastache mexicana con actividad hipnótica como potencial tratamiento del insomnio
Authors: Martínez-Cortés Dulce Maribel , Vera-Pérez Jonathan , Gómez-y-Gómez Yolanda
Published: August 2022

Las películas orales ultradelgadas son sistemas de administración novedosos que no requieren agua para ingerirlas, son de rápida liberación sistémica y permiten una dosificación cómoda y precisa, representan una opción para el suministro de metabolitos de plantas medicinales usadas para problemas de insomnio como Agastache mexicana. Sin embargo, la incorporación de moléculas complejas puede alterar la función de las películas. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue el análisis de la reacción fisicoquímica de las películas ultradelgadas de alginato de sodio y su actividad biológica al mezclarlas con los extractos etanólicos de A. mexicana. Se observó que después de integrar los extractos, las películas conservaron su morfología homogénea, grosor menor a 50 µm, y un tiempo de solubilidad por debajo de los 10 min., mientras que la dureza y la elasticidad se incrementaron más del 40% y 60% respectivamente. Mediante el uso de la espectroscopía infrarroja encontramos que los grupos funcionales de los extractos se conservan y no modifican la estructura química de las películas ultradelgadas. Adicionalmente, demostramos que las películas conservan el efecto hipnótico de Agastache mexicana, ya que los tiempos de latencia y de sueño en un modelo murino no sufrieron cambios significativos, lo que significa un potencial tratamiento de origen natural ante desórdenes del sueño como el insomnio.
Mezclas microbianas en el tratamiento de los residuos líquidos de una sala de ordeño
Authors: Matute-Almeida Lenis , Maldonado-Gómez Ronald , Román-Rojas Hazel , Vargas-Guzmán Daniel
Published: August 2022

Las aguas servidas de una sala de ordeño están constituidas por desechos sólidos y líquidos. Para el tratamiento de estos residuos, se utilizaron microorganismos, como Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), bacterias ácido-lácticas (BAL) y las especies del género Bacillus. Por ello, en este trabajo se trataron con mezclas microbianas (MM) los residuos líquidos de una sala de ordeño. El ensayo se efectuó bajo un diseño aleatorio, con tres réplicas por análisis y las mezclas [MM1 (SC-BAL) y MM2 (especies de Bacillus)], dividido en dos partes en las que se midieron: pH, sólidos solubles, conductividad eléctrica (CE), Sólidos Totales Disueltos (STD) y la cuenta de las mezclas de los microorganismos en estudio y la de coliformes totales (CT). La primera parte se realizó en matraces, inoculando las MM a 100 mL de residuos líquidos en diferentes matraces, en la segunda la mezcla que resultó más eficiente se aplicó in situ colectando las muestras semanalmente. A los datos obtenidos se les realizó un análisis de la varianza (ANDEVA, α = 0,05) y la prueba de mínimas diferencias significativas (MDS). En esta investigación, MM2 mostró mayor eficiencia en la primera etapa y en la segunda (aplicada in situ) logró reducir la CE (de 1,800 a 1,100 μs/cm) y los STD (de 812 a 687 ppm), así como inhibir el crecimiento de CT.
Variación espacio temporal de dos poblaciones de Oecanthus fultoni (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) en el centro de México
Authors: Romero-Mata Ariana , Pérez-Escobedo Marcela , Cano-Santana Zenón
Published: August 2022

Se compararon 5 atributos poblacionales del grillo arborícola Oecanthus fultoni (estructura, densidad, abundancia, proporción sexual y densidad de machos) en 2 localidades del centro de México con matorral xerófilo. Se contaron directamente los ejemplares posados sobre las plantas y los machos adultos mediante detección auditiva. En Zapotitlán Salinas, Puebla se muestrearon los grillos en el día y en el Pedregal de San Ángel, Ciudad de México en la noche. La especie estuvo presente durante todo el año en ambos sitios y registró 5 estadios ninfales. La población de Zapotitlán fue multivoltina y la del Pedregal univoltina. La densidad promedio de grillos fue más alta en el Pedregal (652.0 ± 0.2 ind./ha) que en Zapotitlán (50.4 ± 0.2 ind./ha); la proporción sexual fue 1 macho:1.2 hembras en Zapotitlán, mientras que en el Pedregal fue de 6.1:1. En Zapotitlán se registró una densidad de machos significativamente menor (83.41 ± 5.3 ind./ha) en comparación con la del Pedregal (153.75 ± 9.1 ind./ha); en ambas localidades la densidad de machos estuvo correlacionada negativamente con los valores de precipitación acumulada mensual. Nuestros resultados resaltan la importancia de la estacionalidad en las variaciones poblacionales de los grillos.
Additions to the Mastogloia (Bacillariophyceae: Mastogloiales) of the Revillagigedo Archipelago, Mexico
Authors: Siqueiros-Beltrones David A. , López-Fuerte Francisco Omar , Martínez Yuriko Jocselin , Altamirano-Cerecedo María del Carmen
Published: August 2022

Certain diatom species, mainly those that are conspicuous within an assemblage, may constitute useful references while addressing various ecological and biogeographical issues. This may well be the case with Mastogloia species which are frequently the most diverse diatom taxa in benthic marine assemblages from warm seas. Twenty three new records of Mastogloia taxa collected from several thalli of red and brown macroalgae are here added to the epiphytic diatom floristics of the Revillagigedo Archipelago, summing a total of 51 Mastogloia taxa. Most conspicuous forms were frequent, and several taxa seemed to dominate the assemblages, e.g., Mastogloia binotata, M. cocconeiformis, M. cuneata, M. fimbriata, M. inaequalis, M. ovum-paschale, and M. punctatissima, as well as others recorded earlier. Of the new records, M. asperuloides, M. graciloides, M. peragalloi, and M. mauritiana also appeared frequently. The list includes 8 new records for Mexican waters, although no new taxa for this genus were found. However, because of the few macroalgae thalli inspected, it is expected that further inspection of surfaces of other species of macroalgae, and other substrates, will increase the species richness of Mastogloia recorded for the archipelago.
DETERMINACIÓN DEL ESTADO TRÓFICO DEL EMBALSE SAN JACINTO, CON IMÁGENES DE SATÉLITE LANDSAT 8, TARIJA, BOLIVIA
Authors: Fernández Deimar , Muñoz Luis , Coronel Esperanza Flor
Published: August 2022

Los valores de los indicadores del estado trófico como la clorofila-a (Chl-a), transparencia (ZSD) y turbidez, han contribuido al incremento en los niveles tróficos de embalses y lagos. El objetivo de esta investigación es demostrar que es posible estimar y predecir el estado trófico del embalse San Jacinto, con una alta resolución espacial mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales Landsat 8, en combinación con datos in situ y a través de modelos de regresión lineal múltiple de los parámetros Chl-a y ZSD en las temporadas del periodo seco y húmedo del año 2018 y 2019. Los resultados categorizan al embalse, como hipereutrófico en el periodo húmedo con ZSD promedio de 0.35 m. y eutrófico en el periodo seco con un ZSD promedio de 1.94 m. Para los valores de la Chl-a, el valor promedio en el periodo húmedo fue de 12.65 μg/l, categorizándole al embalse como eutrófico y en la temporada seca como Ultraoligotrófico con un valor promedio de 0.83 μg/l, existiendo una variación con la clasificación mediante los valores de ZSD, se deduce que la baja transparencia del agua no estaría dada por una alta concentración de fitoplancton o algas, sino por altas cantidades de materias o sólidos en suspensión (turbidez). Este fenómeno se presenta en el embalse San Jacinto por el arrastre de sedimento que descargan las aguas de los ríos Grande, Chico y la quebrada Tablada Grande de la cuenca Tolomosa. El Coeficiente de determinación para cada variable y cada temporada varió en Chl-a de 80.06 % en la temporada húmeda y 73.79 % en el periodo seco. El R2 de ZSD de 74.83 % en la temporada húmeda y 74.93 % en el periodo seco. Los resultados mostraron ecuaciones positivas que permitieron estimar los parámetros de los niveles tróficos del embalse San Jacinto.
Large-Scale Multimedia Communication on A Cloud Computing Platform
Authors: Kaish Md. , Sharma Kusum , Pandey Dr. Shikha
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This research examines the creation of a multimedia communication platform to expand the size of multimedia communication based on cloud computing (CC). The research focuses on high-quality material, multimedia profit avenues, and copyright awareness. Big data diversion under cloud computing optimizes data grouping and pattern identification. Cloud computing's typical large data shunting technology uses open-source embedded system architecture. The connecting coil ties the shunting system's switch to the cloud computing platform's switch, resulting in data loss and corruption. Using this method, it has been shown that CC cannot reach the ideal resource utilization, SLA violation rate, and energy use. Experiments reveal a divergence from this research. The major goal of media development is now the growth and self-awareness of media. Largescale multimedia communication needs an architecture for cloud computing with dynamic growth, efficient processing, and flexible resource scheduling
Removal of Copper metal from Industrial wastewater using GCC adsorbent
Authors: Gupta Aniket , Shukla Dr. A. K. , Patel Anand
Published: August 2022

Abstract: An Activated carbon has been employed as a adsorbent in adsorption methods, which are widely now used by numerous researcher to remove major heavy metals from waste streams. Activated carbon are still a pricy commodity even though it is majorly use in the water and wastewater treatments industries. The demand for economically technology to remove major heavy metal from contaminated waters has recently sparked research into the development of affordable alternatives to commercial available activated carbon. The ability of glutaraldehyde cross link chitosan (GCC) co polymer to remove and recover copper (Cu (II)) from electroplating solution is examined in this study, along with the impacts of solutions chemistry on adsorption and desorption character of Cu (II) using chitosan-based resins. A GCC co polymer adsorbent was made with the help grafting medium molecular weight chitosan with glutaraldehyde at a specific weight ratio (1/17). (25 percent in H2O). within the parameters of 4–9 pH, 30–150 min of contact time, 25–200 mg/L of dosage, 30–150 mg/L of starting Cu (II) concentration (conc.). Batch tests were done to determine which settings were ideal for copper. Additionally, the effects of factors like adsorbent dosage, pH, contact time, and initial metal ions con were examined. For copper, the ideal conditions were 120 minute of contacts time, 150 gL-1 of adsorbent, 30 mgL-1 of starting Cu (II) conc. and pH 5. The relation between the conc. and the amount that adsorbent absorbed is shown by the adsorption isotherms. To elaborate adsorption kinetics we define pseudo first order and, the pseudo second orders kinetic models could be utilize.
Achieving Research-Informed Practice Amongst Teachers in Madrid and Catalonia: Findings From a Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Ion Georgeta
Published: August 2022

Background: In Spain, as in many other countries, educational administrators are calling for schools and teachers to engage with research-informed teaching (RIT) to improve the quality of teaching and student outcomes. Despite this interest, schools’ and teachers’ engagement with research evidence is inconsistent, and studies exploring the factors affecting teachers’ and schools’ commitment to RIT, in the Spanish context, are undeveloped.Analysis: The authors analyzed a survey sample of 462 teachers in 204 Spanish schools to identify teacher and school characteristics that determine teachers’ likelihood of engaging in evidence-informed educational practice (EIP). This analysis explores variables such as teachers’ concepts of research, their self-efficacy to understand and conduct educational research, and the influence of school organizational variables.Findings: Teachers seem reluctant to use research in class practice. Whether research is seen as relevant to their immediate or short-term needs, combined with the capacity to use data research evidence, appears to be a decisive factor for those engagedwith research.
Résumé
Contexte : En Espagne, comme dans plusieurs autres pays, les administrateurs scolaires demandent aux écoles et aux enseignants de s’inspirer de l’enseignement fondé sur la recherche afin d’améliorer la qualité de l’enseignement et les résultats des élèves. Malgré cette demande, l’engagement des écoles et des enseignants à l’égard des résultats de recherche n’est pas des plus forts. D’autre part, dans le contexte espagnol, les études explorant les facteurs qui influent sur l’engagement des enseignants et des écoles envers l’enseignement fondé sur la recherche sont peu développées.Analyse : Les auteurs ont analysé un échantillon d’enquête de 462 enseignants dans 204 écoles espagnoles pour identifier les caractéristiques des écoles et des enseignants qui déterminent la probabilité que ceux-ci s’engagent dans l’éducation fondée sur les preuves (EFP). Dans leur analyse, les auteurs explorent des variables telles que la manière dont les enseignants perçoivent la recherche, l’efficacité de ces derniers à comprendre et à mener la recherche en éducation, et l’organisation de l’école.Conclusion : En général, les enseignants semblent réticents à recourir à la recherche dans leurs salles de classe. Pour ceux qui le font, le fait qu’ils la considèrent comme pertinente pour leurs besoins immédiats ou à court terme ainsi que leur habileté à utiliser des données issues de la recherche semblent être des facteurs décisifs.
Keywords / Mots clés : research-informed teaching, evidence-informed educational practice, educational research / enseignement fondé sur la recherche, éducation fondée sur les preuves, recherche en éducation
Infección por SARS-COV-2 en trabajadores de la salud: análisis de riesgo epidemiológico en una institución de alta complejidad de Bogotá, Colombia, 2020
Authors: Ibáñez-Pinilla Milcíades , Murcia Luisa , Briceño Leonardo , Trillos Carlos E. , Ramírez Carolina , Daza José , Ballesteros Ingrid , Sánchez Janneth , Rodríguez Giovanni
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de infección por SARS-CoV-2 y su asociación con las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y ocupacionales, en los trabajadores de la salud (TS) del área de riesgo COVID-19. Material y método: Estudio analítico longitudinal en una cohorte de TS del área “Zafiro” de pacientes con sospecha o diagnóstico confirmado de infección por SARS-CoV-2. La identificación de casos positivos de SARS-CoV-2 se realizó con la prueba de RT-PCR. Resultados: La cohorte fue de 114 TS, con un promedio de 35.3±7.4 años, con cargo de médico general (26.3%), auxiliar de enfermería (21.1%) y enfermera (19.3%). La tasa incidencia de SARS-CoV-2 (31.6%) y reinfección (1.8%) durante siete meses. Los factores conjuntamente asociados a SARS-CoV-2: cohabitación con personas con alto riesgo de contagio (HR=2.406,IC95%:1.225,4.726,p=0.011), el menor nivel educativo (HR=2.241,C95%:1.051,4,782,p=0.037) y un mayor consumo de medicamentos para dormir (HR=4.680, IC95%: 1.328,16.486, p=0.016). Conclusiones: La tasa de contagio de SARS-CoV-2 durante siete meses de la pandemia, en los trabajadores de la salud fue alta (uno de cada tres TS) asociada a cohabitación con personas de alto riesgo, menor nivel educativo y mayor consumo de medicamentos para dormir. Una situación de preocupación en los TS fueron los casos sospechosos de reinfección del SARS-CoV-2.
Cat-scratch disease, ¿does it always present with lymphadenopathy?: A case report
Authors: Urbano-Pulido Diego , Quintero-Palacios Mayra , López-Cubillos Juan , Camacho-Moreno German
Published: August 2022

Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a zoonotic disease, caused by Bartonella henselae, a gram-negative bacillus, that has a variable clinical presentation and must be suspected in immunocompetent patients or immunocompromised patients with prolonged febrile syndrome of unknown origin that have history of interaction with cats. Diagnosing CSD may be challenging, so clinical suspicion and a thorough clinical interview and workup are essential to come up with a definitive conclusion. Typically, CSD presents with regional lymphadenopathies and subsequent systemic compromise. However, it can present with a unique manifestation such as hepatosplenic compromise. Herein, we present a patient with prolonged febrile syndrome with systemic symptoms and reticuloendothelial compromise.
Queerin’ the Hoggee
Authors: Marko Mikael Marila
Published: August 2022

Inspired by my lifelong history in working with horses, especially through the philosophy of natural horsemanship, Queerin’ the Hoggee draws attention to the complicated human-animal relationships in the industrial past.
Total arch replacement versus proximal aortic replacement in acute type A aortic dissection: Aggressive versus conservative
Authors: Jubouri Matti , Ansari Daniyal , Zaqout Feras , Bashir Mohamad , Idhrees Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening
medical condition requiring urgent surgical attention. It is estimated
that 50% of ATAAD die within 24 hours of onset, with the mortality rate
is increasing by 1-2% every additional hour without prompt
intervention. A variety of ATAAD surgical repair techniques exist which
has sparked controversy within the literature, with the main two
strategies being proximal aortic replacement (PAR) and total arch
replacement (TAR). Nevertheless, the question of which of these two
strategies if the more optimal is still debatable. Aims: This commentary
aims to discuss the recent study by Sa and colleagues which presents a
pooled analysis of Kaplan-Meier-derived individual patient data from
studies with follow-up comparing aggressive (TAR) and conservative (PAR)
approaches to manage ATAAD patients. Methods: A comprehensive literature
search was performed using multiple electronic databases including
PubMed, Ovid, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Scopus in order to collate the
relevant research evidence. Results: The more aggressive TAR approach
for treating ATAAD seems to yield more favourable results including more
optimal long-term survival as well as a lower need for reoperation. The
frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique can be considered the mainstay TAR
technique. Conclusion: It is valid to conclude that TAR with FET is the
superior strategy for managing ATAAD patients.
Quantifying the soil water storage capacity of flysh catchments surrounded by mixed forests in Outer Carpathians by using the SWAT+ physical-based model
Authors: Halecki Wiktor , Łyszczarz Stanisław , Lasota Jarosław , Błońska Ewa
Published: August 2022

Meteorological simulations using hydrological models are now important
for water and environmental resource management. The hydrological system
of a catchment cannot be measured precisely in practice. A combination
of limited measurements available in space, as well as a need to
extrapolate information from available measurements in time, led to the
use of the hydrological model. The aim of the study was to assess the
catchment retention capacity of the flysh catchments of the Smugawka
(19°47-49°33) and Mszanka (20°15-49°44′) rivers located in the Beskid
Wyspowy, southern Poland. Due to the large heterogeneity of the
catchment area and the limitations of the measurement technique, SWAT+
was employed in our study. Forested and pasture areas had higher soil
water retention potential, while lower soil retention potential values
are correlated with agricultural areas. Surface runoff of both
catchments correlated negatively with soil water retention potential,
evapotranspiration, and positively with mean annual precipitation. Soil
moisture was related to electrical conductivity and inversely correlated
with mean annual precipitation. A study has shown that SWAT+ can be
applied to calculate the mean annual continuous evapotranspiration for
meadows, forests, and agricultural areas. Curve number may be used as a
tool for water retention in floodplains. In line with the physical-based
SWAT+, the Landscape Hydric Potential (LHP) index can be incorporated
into the existing meteorological data models. In the future, watershed
models based on water balance should be developed to increase resilience
in the flysh Carpathian mountains to climate change.
Trust, Emotional Commitments and Reputation
Authors: Spikins Penny
Published: August 2022

How did our uniquely human commitments to our loved ones develop, and why are we so concerned about what feelings lie underneath what other people do? In this chapter, we consider the origins of our long-term emotional connections based on trust, and how they lead to uniquely human sensitivities to what motivates other people and how they feel about us. As we have seen in Chapters 1 and 2, new types of emotional connections, and new ways of collaborating to survive, emerged in early humans after 2 million years ago. This was a time when changes in emotional dispositions led to a greater willingness to share with, and care for, a wider set of individuals. Archaeological evidence demonstrates care for vulnerable adults, within the contexts of both food sharing and of collaborative care for increasingly dependent offspring. The emergence of strong emotional bonds based on high levels of give and take at this time laid the basis for human trust, emotional commitments and love. Yet these long-term emotional connections also seem to have come at a price. The importance of knowing who to trust brought with it pressures to be acutely focused on displaying our genuine intentions (or hiding our less genuine ones), and on identifying the genuine emotional motivations of others. Considering the importance of relationships based on trust, and with this emotional astuteness about who could be trusted, may yield important insights into many debates about our origins. These include the cultural transmission of ideas, the explanations for an increasing concern with symmetry and the aesthetics of form in stone tools after 2 million years ago, and the mechanisms behind how people who thought differently may have been integrated into human populations. Long-term relationships based on trust and a sensitivity to the emotional connections underlying people’s words or actions may have been much more important in our distant past than we have previously recognised.
First STEPS: Primary Outcomes of a Randomized, Stepped-Care Behavioral Clinical Trial for Parents of Young Children With New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Hilliard Marisa E. , Tully Carrie , Monaghan Maureen , Hildebrandt Tom , Wang Christine H. , Barber John R. , Clary Lauren , Gallagher Katherine , Levy Wendy , Cogen Fran , Henderson Celia , Karaviti Lefkothea , Streisand Randi
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Despite the emotional challenges of parental adjustment to a child’s type 1 diabetes diagnosis and the unique complexities of early childhood, there are few programs designed to meet the needs of parents of young children at new onset. This study evaluated First STEPS (Study of Type 1 in Early childhood and Parenting Support), a stepped-care behavioral intervention designed to support parents’ psychosocial functioning and promote children’s glycemic outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Using a two-site randomized clinical trial design, parents (n = 157) of children aged 1–6 years completed baseline data within 2 months of diabetes diagnosis and were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 115) or usual care (n = 42) for 9 months. Intervention steps included: 1) peer parent coaching, with step-ups to 2) structured behavioral counseling and 3) professional consultations with a diabetes educator and psychologist, based on parent mood and child HbA1c. Participants completed follow-ups at 9 and 15 months postrandomization. Primary outcomes were parent depressive symptoms and child HbA1c.

RESULTS

Depressive symptoms improved in both groups, and intervention parents had significantly lower depressive symptoms at the 9- and 15-month follow-ups compared with usual care. HbA1c decreased in both groups, but there were no between-group differences at 9 or 15 months.

CONCLUSIONS

First STEPS improved parents’ mood following young children’s type 1 diabetes diagnosis. Results indicate likely benefits of parent coach support, supplemented by intervention intensifications, including behavioral intervention and diabetes education. This model has high potential for patient engagement. The absence of a medical intervention component may explain null findings for HbA1c; incorporating targeted behavioral support for intensive diabetes treatment may maximize intervention impact.
Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Kidney Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Post Hoc Analyses From the DECLARE-TIMI 58 Trial
Authors: Mosenzon Ofri , Raz Itamar , Wiviott Stephen D. , Schechter Meir , Goodrich Erica L. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Murphy Sabina A. , Zelniker Thomas A. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A.M. , Fredriksson Martin , Johansson Peter A. , Wilding John P.H. , McGuire Darren K. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Cahn Avivit , Dwyer Jamie P. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Sabatine Marc S.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

In patients with moderate to severe albuminuric kidney disease, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce the risk of kidney disease progression. These post hoc analyses assess the effects of dapagliflozin on kidney function decline in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing on populations with low kidney risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In the Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58 (DECLARE-TIMI 58) trial, patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to dapagliflozin versus placebo. Outcomes were analyzed by treatment arms, overall, and by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) risk categories. The prespecified kidney-specific composite outcome was a sustained decline ≥40% in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, end-stage kidney disease, and kidney-related death. Other outcomes included incidence of categorical eGFR decline of different thresholds and chronic (6 month to 4 year) or total (baseline to 4 year) eGFR slopes.

RESULTS

Most participants were in the low-moderate KDIGO risk categories (n = 15,201 [90.3%]). The hazard for the kidney-specific composite outcome was lower with dapagliflozin across all KDIGO risk categories (P-interaction = 0.97), including those at low risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.38–0.77). Risks for categorical eGFR reductions (≥57% [in those with baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2], ≥50%, ≥40%, and ≥30%) were lower with dapagliflozin (HRs 0.52, 0.57, 0.55, and 0.70, respectively; P < 0.05). Slopes of eGFR decline favored dapagliflozin across KDIGO risk categories, including the low KDIGO risk (between-arm differences of 0.87 [chronic] and 0.55 [total] mL/min/1.73 m2/year; P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

Dapagliflozin mitigated kidney function decline in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk, including those with low KDIGO risk, suggesting a role of dapagliflozin in the early prevention of diabetic kidney disease.
Dapagliflozin and prevention of kidney disease among patients with type 2 diabetes– post hoc analyses from the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial
Authors: Mosenzon Ofri , Raz Itamar , Wiviott Stephen D. , Schechter Meir , Goodrich Erica L. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Murphy Sabina A. , Zelniker Thomas A. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A.M. , Fredriksson Martin , Johansson Peter A. , Wilding John P.H. , McGuire Darren K. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Cahn Avivit , Dwyer Jamie P. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Sabatine Marc S.
Published: August 2022

  

Objective: In patients with moderate-severe albuminuric kidney disease, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of kidney disease progression. These post hoc analyses assess the effects of dapagliflozin on kidney function decline in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D), focusing on populations with low kidney risk. 

Methods: In the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial, patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to dapagliflozin versus placebo. Outcomes were analyzed by treatment arms, overall, and by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) risk categories. The prespecified kidney-specific composite outcome was sustained decline ≥40% in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to<60mL/min/1.73m², end-stage kidney disease, and kidney-related death. Other outcomes included incidence of categorical eGFR decline of different thresholds and chronic (6-months to 4-year) or total (baseline to 4-year) eGFR slopes. 

Results: Most participants were in the low-moderate KDIGO risk categories (n=15,201, 90.3%). The hazard for the kidney-specific composite outcome was lower with dapagliflozin across all KDIGO risk categories (P-interaction 0.97), including those at low risk (HR 0.54, 95%CI 0.38-0.77). Risks for categorical eGFR reductions (≥57% [in those with baseline eGFR≥60ml/min/1.73m2], ≥50%, ≥40%, and ≥30%) were lower with dapagliflozin (HR= 0.52, 0.57, 0.55, and 0.70, respectively, p<0.05). Slopes of eGFR decline favored dapagliflozin across KDIGO risk categories, including the low KDIGO risk (between-arm differences of 0.87 [chronic] and 0.55 [total] mL/min/1.73 m²/year; p<0.0001). 

Conclusion: Dapagliflozin mitigated kidney function decline in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk, including those with low KDIGO risk, suggesting a role of dapagliflozin in the early prevention of diabetic kidney disease.  
Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is associated with increased glucose variability in persons with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Naaman Sara H , Mizrak Hatice I , Lind Nanna , Laursen Jens C , Kufaishi Huda , Christensen Marie M B , Ranjan Ajenthen G , Nørgaard Kirsten , Hansen Christian S
Published: August 2022

  

Objective

We investigated the association between the cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) diagnosis and glucose variability (GV) in type 1 diabetes (T1D), as autonomic dysfunction previously has been associated with increased GV.

Research Design and Methods 

CAN was assessed by three recommended cardiovascular reflex tests (CARTs). Glucose metrics were obtained from 10-day blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Between-group differences in GV indices were assessed by regression analyses in 24 participants with T1D with CAN and 24 matched no CAN controls. 

Results

The CAN diagnosis was associated with 4.9% (95% CI 1.0;8.7) higher coefficient of variance (CV) (p=0.014), and 0.7 mmol/L (0.3;1.1) higher standard deviation (SD) (p=0.002) of glucose, and 1.4 mmol/mol (0.0;2.7) higher MAGE (p=0.047). Lower measures of CARTs were associated with higher CV, SD and time above range values.

Conclusions

The CAN diagnosis associates with a significantly higher GV in T1D, despite a high prevalence of routine CGM use. 
Dapagliflozin improves the urinary proteomic kidney risk classifier CKD273 in type 2 diabetes with albuminuria – a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Curovic Viktor Rotbain , Eickhoff Mie Klessen , Rönkkö Teemu , Frimodt-Møller Marie , Hansen Tine Willum , Mischak Harald , Rossing Peter , Ahluwalia Tarun Singh , Persson Frederik
Published: August 2022

  

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin, on the kidney risk urinary proteomic classifier (CKD273), in persons with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria.

Research Design and Methods: In a double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial we assigned participants with type 2 diabetes and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g to receive dapagliflozin or matching placebo added to guideline recommended treatment (NCT02914691). Treatment periods lasted 12 weeks at which crossover to opposing treatment occurred. The primary outcome was change in CKD273 score. Secondary outcomes include regression from high-risk to low-risk CKD273 pattern using the pre-specified cut-off score of 0.154. The primary outcome was assessed using paired t-test between end-to-end CKD273 levels after dapagliflozin and placebo treatment. McNemar’s test was used to assess regression in risk category.

Results: A total of 40 participants were randomized and 32 completed the trial with intact proteomic measurements. Twenty-eight (88%) were male, the baseline mean (standard deviation) age was 63.0 (8.3) years, mean diabetes duration was 15.4 (4.5) years, mean HbA1c was 73 (14) mmol/mol (8.8 (1.3) %) and median (inter-quartile range) UACR was 154 (94, 329) mg/g. Dapagliflozin significantly lowered CKD273 score compared to placebo (-0.221, 95%CI: -0.356, -0.087, p=0.002). Fourteen participants exhibited a high-risk pattern after dapagliflozin treatment compared to 24 after placebo (p=0.021). 

Conclusions: Dapagliflozin added to renin-angiotensin system inhibition reduced the urinary proteomic classifier CKD273 in persons with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria paving the way for the further investigation of CKD273 as a modifiable kidney risk factor. 
Appraising Users’ Satisfaction in Public Housing: A Case study of Crospil Housing Estate, Akpabuyo, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Atamewan Eugene Ehimatie
Published: August 2022

The paper appraised users’ satisfaction with housing units by occupants of the CROSPIL housing estate, Akpabuyo, Cross River State, Nigeria with the aim of improving the housing sector in the State by examining the level of satisfaction with the architectural design of the housing units and neighbourhood facilities in the estate. Methodology of the study was through questionnaire administration, physical observation, measurement of spaces, interviews and review of the literature. The study revealed that apart from road infrastructure, the estate lack neighbourhood facilities such as water, shopping centres, health centres, schools and recreation centres (green areas). Residents were generally satisfied with the design of living rooms, bedrooms and kitchens in all housing unit types but dissatisfied with other spaces like toilet/bath, store and dining which were non-existing in some of the housing units. The study concluded that irrespective of the income level of users, the basic functional spaces required in any housing unit should be provided for all. Also, neighbourhood facilities that make living comfortable should be provided as a matter of urgency.
Sizing of a Scattered Housing Microgrid in a Remote Rural Area
Authors: R. Rodriguez  , G. Osma  , G. Ordoñez
Published: August 2022

Power solutions for remote rural regions are mainly based on generator sets or individualized generation systems per household. These solutions have low reliability and high financial and environmental costs, especially those involving fossil fuels. However, current solutions incorporate hybrid systems with renewable energy sources to reduce pollutant gas emissions and costs and increase the reliability and robustness of power generation. These hybrid systems can be considered micro-grid (MG) and could contribute to energizing remote non interconnected areas. However, implementing MGs in these regions must challenge energizing dispersed households. Thus, both the sizing of the generation and distribution systems must be considered to guarantee the correct operation of the MG and a low cost. This paper explores coordinated sizing between the power sources and the distribution system to address the challenges of energizing remote areas with dispersed loads through MG. It presents a literature review on energization strategies for remote regions and proposes coordinated MG sizing. Finally, it applies coordinated sizing to a case study in Colombia. The sizing is approached as a mixed-integer nonlinear integer programming optimization problem and is solved by a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.
A Fault Ride-Through Technique for PMSG wind turbines using Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) under Grid voltage sag conditions.
Authors: Ernest F. Morgan  , Tamer F. Megahed  , Junya Suehiro  , Sobhy M. Abdelkader
Published: August 2022

Wind power penetration is growing, posing considerable technological challenges for developing electrical grid systems. Gearless permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind energy conversion systems (WECS) are becoming more popular. On the flip side, they are susceptible to grid failures. The use of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) to enhance fault ride-through in PMSG wind turbines is investigated. Per the current Grid code trends, WECS are not to be disconnected from the grid; rather, they should provide reactive power support during such situations. This work incorporates machine and grid side converters to manage reactive, active power and DC-link voltage during grid failures. To improves system performance, lessen voltage dips at the point of common coupling (PCC), provide reactive power support and reduce the transient length, a DC-link capacitor is used with SMES. SMES reserve energy capacity is necessary for FRT operation when the wind turbine's inertial response range is insufficient. Finally, a 1.5 MW PMSG-based WTG with SMES is developed. The Pre-fault, fault-period, and post-fault performance are all assessed. They confirm the system's efficiency, speed, and stability.
A Microbiological Survey of Ear Infections in Inhabitants of Erbil City
Authors: Kamil Treska D. , Juma Ameena S. M. , Ubeid Muhsin H.
Published: August 2022

this study was carried out to indicate the number of infected individuals with ear infection from different genders and ages determine the antibiotic sociability for the ear swab bacterial isolates. A total of 82 ear swabs were obtained in Erbil City from various hospitals and labs. Males made up 48 (59%) of the 81 samples, while females made up 33 (41%). 0-10 years had the most bacteria isolated from ear swabs, followed by 11-20 years and then 21-40 years. Pseudomonas spp. were the most prevalent bacteria found in all of the swabs (43 percent). Pathogenic bacteria were found in 70% of the samples, while no growth was seen in 30% of the swabs. Many bacterial isolates were found to be sensitive to the antibiotic Amikacin, which was determined to have the best effect on 35 of them. Clotrimazole was shown to be the least effective antibiotic on numerous bacterial strains, with 19 being resistant.
FANET Drone’s Data Applications, Mobility Models and Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11n Standards for Real and Non-Real Time Traffic
Authors: QasMarrogy Ghassan A. , Fadhil Areen J.
Published: August 2022

Data traffic is the most important data transmission between users inside every network, these data traffic can be videos, files, voice, pictures, and many more, that divided into two types, real-time and non-real-time traffic. Most real-time traffic data has a low tolerance for the delay during transmission as they need to be fast received between communication devices. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis will be made to evaluate the two types of data transmitted through FANET drones, with different mobility models and two types of IEEE 802.11 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz by using OLSR routing protocol. Metrics such as delay and throughput will be measured. This paper gives an important overview of how real and non-real-time traffic will be handled during data transmission in FANET networks.
Formação de professoras rurais em Mato Grosso e no Território Federal do Guaporé, no Centro-Oeste e Norte brasileiros (1941-1947)
Authors: Oliveira de Souza Cleicinéia , Vieira Campos Ferreira Nilce
Published: August 2022

A formação de professoras rurais no estado de Mato Grosso e no Território Federal do Guaporé, entre os anos de 1941 a 1947, é o objeto de análise deste texto, a partir do inquérito do Ministério da Educação e Saúde (MEC) enviado a Mato Grosso e ao Território Federal do Guaporé, indagando informações e dados sobre o ensino normal. Constituem fontes de análise: documentos escolares, dados constantes nas respostas ao questionário enviado pelo MEC, anais do 8º Congresso Nacional de Educação, entre outros relatórios, cujas fontes foram coletadas no Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (CPDOC) e no Arquivo Histórico do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep). Evidenciamos que escolas públicas que ofertavam cursos normais praticamente inexistiam na região de Mato Grosso e no Vale do Guaporé. Os poucos cursos ofertados eram rápidos, com intuito de formar professoras no menor espaço de tempo possível, capazes de ministrar apenas os conhecimentos básicos para assumirem aulas, ou para formar minimamente aquelas que atuavam sem a formação específica, no meio rural ou mesmo nas escolas urbanas em Mato Grosso e no Vale do Guaporé.
O elogio da escola como lugar específico em que ocorre o ensinar e o aprender
Authors: Rodrigues Rogério
Published: August 2022

Resenha da obra: LARROSA, Jorge (Org.). Elogio da escola. Tradução de Fernando Coelho. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2021.
Uma enciclopédia temática para a educação superior brasileira
Authors: De Lacerda Peixoto Maria do Carmo
Published: August 2022

Resenha da obra: MOROSINI, M. (Org.). Enciclopédia Brasileira de Educação Superior – EBES. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, 2021. 2 v.
A partir de Anísio Teixeira: reflexões sobre a educação brasileira
Authors: Ciomar Macedo de Faria Lia
Published: August 2022

Este texto buscou, na ocasião da comemoração dos 85 anos do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep), enfatizar a difusão e a propagação científica sobre educação, promovidas pela Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP). O periódico lançado em 1944 publica, desde então, artigos, pesquisas e práticas resultantes de investigações que auxiliam a formação docente e permitem ao pesquisador acesso a uma variada gama de estudos acadêmicos. Revendo suas edições e tomando-as como fontes/objetos historiográficos, deparamo-nos com o artigo impresso em 1966 (v. 46, n. 104, p. 278-287), “O Problema de Formação do Magistério”, de autoria de Anísio Teixeira, que foi republicado no mesmo periódico, provavelmente, pela importância das reflexões, em 2001 (v. 82, n. 200, p. 199-206). Tal texto tem a relevância de apresentar um histórico da formação do magistério e, a partir dele, ousamos revê-lo, sumariamente, à luz de alguns aspectos do ponto de vista gramsciano sobre educação.