bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of lipid metabolism-related biomarkers for diagnosis and molecular classification of atherosclerosis
Authors: Pan Xue , Liu Jifeng , Zhong Lei , Zhang Yunshu , Liu Chaosheng , Gao Jing , Pang Min
Published: July 2023

Background

Atherosclerosis is now the main cause of cardiac-cerebral vascular diseases around the world. Disturbances in lipid metabolism have an essential role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Thus, we aimed to investigate lipid metabolism-related molecular clusters and develop a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis.

Methods

First, we used the GSE100927 and GSE43292 datasets to screen differentially expressed lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs). Subsequent enrichment analysis of these key genes was performed using the Metascape database. Using 101 atherosclerosis samples, we investigated the LMRG-based molecular clusters and the corresponding immune cell infiltration. After that, a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression. Finally, a series of bioinformatics techniques, including CIBERSORT, gene set variation analysis, and single-cell data analysis, were used to analyze the potential mechanisms of the model genes in atherosclerosis.

Results

A total of 29 LMRGs were found to be differentially expressed between atherosclerosis and normal samples. Functional and DisGeNET enrichment analyses indicated that 29 LMRGs are primarily engaged in cholesterol and lipid metabolism, the PPAR signaling pathway, and regulation of the inflammatory response and are also closely associated with atherosclerotic lesions. Two LMRG-related molecular clusters with significant biological functional differences are defined in atherosclerosis. A three-gene diagnostic model containing ADCY7, SCD, and CD36 was subsequently constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curves, decision curves, and an external validation dataset showed that our model exhibits good predictive performance. In addition, three model genes were found to be closely associated with immune cell infiltration, especially macrophage infiltration.

Conclusions

Our study comprehensively highlighted the intricate association between lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis and created a three-gene model for future clinical diagnosis.
Etiology of super-enhancer reprogramming and activation in cancer
Authors: Zhou Royce W. , Parsons Ramon E.
Published: July 2023

Super-enhancers are large, densely concentrated swaths of enhancers that regulate genes critical for cell identity. Tumorigenesis is accompanied by changes in the super-enhancer landscape. These aberrant super-enhancers commonly form to activate proto-oncogenes, or other genes upon which cancer cells depend, that initiate tumorigenesis, promote tumor proliferation, and increase the fitness of cancer cells to survive in the tumor microenvironment. These include well-recognized master regulators of proliferation in the setting of cancer, such as the transcription factor MYC which is under the control of numerous super-enhancers gained in cancer compared to normal tissues. This Review will cover the expanding cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic etiology of these super-enhancer changes in cancer, including somatic mutations, copy number variation, fusion events, extrachromosomal DNA, and 3D chromatin architecture, as well as those activated by inflammation, extra-cellular signaling, and the tumor microenvironment.
Topology and adenocarcinoma cell localization dataset on the labyrinthin diapeutic biomarker
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Babich Michael , Li Tianhong , Radosevich James A.
Published: July 2023

Objective

The discovery and characterization of tumor associated antigens is increasingly important to advance the field of immuno-oncology. In this regard, labyrinthin has been implicated as a neoantigen found on the cell surface of adenocarcinomas. Data on the (1) topology, (2) amino acid (a.a.) homology analyses and (3) cell surface localization of labyrinthin by fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS) are studied in support of labyrinthin as a novel, pan-adenocarcinoma marker.

Results

Bioinformatics analyses predict labyrinthin as a type II protein with calcium binding domain(s), N-myristoylation sites, and kinase II phosphorylation sites. Sequence homologies for labyrinthin (255 a.a.) were found vs. the intracellular aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase (ASPH; 758 a.a.) and the ASPH-gene related protein junctate (299 a.a.), which are both type II proteins. Labyrinthin was detected by FACS on only non-permeablized A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, but not on normal WI-38 human lung fibroblasts nor primary cultures of normal human glandular-related cells. Microscopic images of immunofluorescent labelled MCA 44-3A6 binding to A549 cells at random cell cycle stages complement the FACS results by further showing that labyrinthin persisted on the cell surfaces along with some cell internalization for greater than 20 min.
Prevention and management of critical care complications in cardiogenic shock: a narrative review
Authors: Kirigaya Jin , Iwahashi Noriaki , Terasaka Kengo , Takeuchi Ichiro
Published: July 2023

Background

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in cardiac intensive care units (CICUs), even in the contemporary era.

Main text

Although mechanical circulatory supports have recently become widely available and used in transforming the management of CS, their routine use to improve outcomes has not been established. Transportation to a high-volume center, early reperfusion, tailored mechanical circulatory supports, regionalized systems of care with multidisciplinary CS teams, a dedicated CICU, and a systemic approach, including preventing noncardiogenic complications, are the key components of CS treatment strategies.

Conclusions

This narrative review aimed to discuss the challenges of preventing patients from developing CS-related complications and provide a comprehensive practical approach for its management.
Exploring foundation doctors’ self-reported confidence in the assessment and management of mental health conditions
Authors: Gillett George , Davis Owen , Gill Amarit , van Hamel Clare
Published: July 2023

Aims and method

This study assesses newly qualified doctors’ confidence in practising clinical skills related to the assessment and management of mental health conditions and how this correlates with other areas of medicine. We conducted a national survey of 1311 Foundation Year 1 doctors in the UK. Survey items assessed confidence recognising mentally unwell patients, conducting a mental state examination, assessing cognition and mental capacity, formulating a psychiatric diagnosis and prescribing psychotropic medications.

Results

A substantial proportion of surveyed doctors lacked confidence in their clinical skills related to mental health and prescribing psychotropic medications. Network analysis revealed that items corresponding to mental health were highly correlated, suggesting a potential generalised lack of confidence in mental healthcare.

Clinical implications

We identify areas of lack of confidence in some newly qualified doctors’ ability to assess and manage mental health conditions. Future research might explore how greater exposure to psychiatry, integrated teaching and clinical simulation might better support medical students for future clinical work.
Η Δυτική Θεσσαλία κατά την Ύστερη Εποχή του Χαλκού
Authors: Βαϊοπούλου Μαρία
Published: July 2023

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή, η οποία υπεβλήθη στο Τμήμα Ιστορίας και Αρχαιολογίας, της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής, του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου των Αθηνών, πραγματεύεται την θέση της δυτικής Θεσσαλίας κατά την Ύστερη Εποχή Χαλκού. Παρουσιάζονται με τρόπο συγκεντρωτικό και συστηματικό οι ήδη γνωστές θέσεις, αλλά και στοιχεία (ανασκαφικά – αρχιτεκτονικά- τέχνεργα), που έχουν προκύψει από τις έρευνες των τελευταίων χρόνων και είναι αδημοσίευτα μέχρι τώρα. Στην κεραμική δόθηκε ιδιαίτερο βάρος διότι συμβάλλει σημαντικά στην κατανόηση της στρωματογραφίας και στην προσπάθεια δημιουργίας χρονολογικής αλληλουχίας για την περιοχή. Επίσης, οι διαφοροποιήσεις στην κεραμική και ο αριθμός των εισηγμένων αγγείων βοηθούν στην κατανόηση των επαφών και των εμπορικών σχέσεων. Προκειμένου να γίνει κατανοητή η θέση της δυτικής Θεσσαλίας στον μυκηναϊκό κόσμο, κατά την Ύστερη εποχή Χαλκού, δίνεται ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην Κοινωνική οργάνωση και τα Σύμβολα εξουσίας καθώς και στις πολιτιστικές επαφές και τους δρόμους επικοινωνίας.
Reproductive features of the invasive crab Libinia dubia H. Milne Edwards, 1834 from the Central Mediterranean Sea
Authors: CHAFFAI AMANI , RJIBA BAHRI WAFA , GHANEM RAOUIA , BEN SOUISSI JAMILA
Published: July 2023

Reproduction is a key feature in the dynamics and establishment of non-indigenous species in new areas. Thus, reproductive biology studies are particularly important for predicting whether alien species can become invasive and to pinpoint the most effective time to implement management options and mitigation actions. Here, we report the reproductive aspects of the invasive crab Libinia dubia from the central Mediterranean Sea. The population was sampled monthly for two years (January 2015 to December 2016) on the southern Tunisian coasts (Gulf of Gabès). A total of 4469 specimens were examined, of which 50.88% were males and 49.12% were females (Confidence Interval, CI = 0.015). The overall sex ratio was slightly male-biased (1: 0.97). The first gonadal sexual maturity was earlier in females than in males. Fecundity increased with crab size and weight. Libinia dubia has a single annual spawning season (March to July) in the study area. Species reproductive activity was greatest in spring, with a peak in May, while the sexual rest phase occurred during October and November in females and from September to November in males. Reproduction is one of the most influential factors in the ability of invasive species to successfully thrive and establish a population in a new environment. Our results provide important biological inputs for improving the understanding of L. dubia reproductive performance and support recommendations for research relevant to the prediction of future L. dubia invasions.
Application of energy signature method to analyze the energy consumption patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in two public office buildings in Thessaloniki, Greece
Authors: Vartholomaios Aristotelis , Andreou Eleni , Antoniou Angeliki , Laskos Konstantinos , Axarli Kleoniki
Published: July 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on building energy use as a result of local emergency policies such as lockdowns, remote working and increased building ventilation being applied for an extended time. In this study we apply the energy signature method to two public office buildings in Thessaloniki, Greece to compare their energy performance before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2021) the pandemic. The energy signature method normalizes electricity and natural gas consumptions to the average climate, eliminating the influence of annual weather patterns on energy use and differentiates between heating, cooling and base energy. This allows us to compare the two periods using data from monthly utility bills. Results show a reduction (ranging from 16% to 26%) in both heating and cooling energy consumptions during the pandemic period for both buildings which is not related to differences in annual weather patterns. Although this old method is quick and straightforward to use it has its own limitations which are discussed along with potential ways it can improve.
Literary Reading: the Work of a Teacher in the Second Grade According to the Updated Federal State Educational Standard and the Federal Educational Program
Authors: Rozhkova M.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the features of the Federal Educational Program for Primary General Education in the subject "Literary Reading" for the second grade, which meet the requirements of the updated version of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education. The characteristics of the basic logical actions as part of the cognitive meta-subject learning outcomes are given, the content sections of the program are analyzed. Specific examples of the methodology for the formation of meta-subject and subject learning outcomes are given.
Second Grader and Mathematics: Mastering the Subject Within the Framework of the Requirements of the Current Standard
Authors: Rydze Oxana
Published: July 2023

The main features of teaching mathematics according to the updated standard are: the development of spatial thinking, logical and algorithmic thinking; formation of the ability to work with subject terminology and actively use it in solving educational problems; the formation of mathematical functional literacy, taking into account the age capabilities of children. The article discusses the organization of teaching second-graders, focused on the implementation of the requirements of the current standard for mathematical preparation: analysis of a mathematical text; the use of ready-made and independently compiled models to discuss the problem; commenting on the process of solving, constructing (images), oral calculations; the use of different methods for performing the measurement action.
Studying the Topic of the Course "The World Around Us": "World Cultural Heritage Sites in Russia and Abroad"
Authors: Vinogradova Natalya
Published: July 2023

The article characterizes the difficulties that younger schoolchildren face when studying the theme of the course program "The World Around Us", dedicated to familiarizing students with natural and cultural objects of Russia and other countries included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The article considers the method of consistent and successive acquaintance of students from the first to the fourth grade with the most significant and accessible World Heritage sites, with special attention to the emotional perception of a natural or cultural object, providing awareness of its beauty, uniqueness and significance.
A Lesson in Literary Reading in the Third Grade Based on the Story of K.G. Paustovsky “The Thief Cat “ (1–2 hours)
Authors: Voskoboynikova E. , Struchaeva T.
Published: July 2023

The article considers a variant of a lesson in literary reading, in which third-grade students study the story of Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky "The Thief Cat". The teacher uses active teaching methods, offering third-graders at different stages of the lesson to work in pairs of a permanent composition, to conduct a cognitive research search. In the technology of the lesson, the classic methods of working with such a literary genre as a story are combined with some author's methods.
Does blue light affect sleep quality or performance? – empirical research based on anonymous surveys among medical students and physicians
Authors: Grużewska-Piotrowska Kinga , Grużewska Agnieszka , Pająk Monika
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Nowadays, more and more people use electronic devices. As the amount of time spent using them has increased, so has the quality of sleep. People go to bed later, and the process of falling asleep is delayed. In addition, sleep time is reduced, which translates into sleep deprivation. Many people think that blue light is only emitted from digital screens, but it is nothing new - it is part of the light emitted. Light is the most important factor regulating the circadian rhythms of the human body. All types of visible light can affect circadian rhythms, but blue light has the greatest impact.

The aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess if blue light affects sleep quality and performance by empirical research based on anonymous surveys among medical students and physicians.

Materials and methods: The research material was collected using an anonymous online survey in May 2023. The obtained results were analyzed and verified on the basis of scientific literature and statistically processed using Microsoft Office Excel.

Results: 92.3% of the respondents use electronic devices before going to bed, mostly the phone, and the time of using usually ranges from 30 minutes to 1 hour. Most of the people filling the questionnaire sleep on average 5-6 hours at night, of which as many as 81.7% declare that their sleep is not of good quality. 91.3% of respondents know what blue light is, but only 22.1% use protection against it before sleep.

Conclusion: Exposure to blue light can affect sleep, performance and well-being. An important negative effect of exposure to blue light is a reduction in the quality and length of sleep, which can negatively affect performance. It is believed that in order to maintain a healthy circadian rhythm, it is necessary not only to increase the proportion of blue light in artificial light during the day, but also to reduce the amount of that light in the evening and night hours.
Awareness and knowledge of the use of folic acid during the procreative period and during pregnancy among women from the Podkarpackie Province
Authors: Musz Kinga , Dobko Katarzyna , Frącz Gabriela , Glac Agata , Kuliga Klaudia , Sejnowska Natalia , Socha Agnieszka , Surowiec Agata , Śnieżek Kinga , Zając Anna
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Folic acid is of great importance for the proper functioning of the human body. It has a major impact on the metabolism of amino acids, nucleic acids and plays a special role in tissues where intensive cell division takes place. Its deficiency in pregnant women may contribute to neural tube defects in the foetus. Elimination of the causes of deficiency and adequate folate supplementation are recommended.
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge and awareness among adult women from the Podkarpackie Province regarding the use of folic acid during the procreative period and pregnancy.
Materials and methods: A total of 436 women of different ages participated in the study conducted in June 2023. The study group consisted of women from the Podkarpackie Voivodeship over 18 years of age. Material for the study was collected using an anonymous author's online questionnaire. The results obtained were analysed and compared with the literature available in the PubMed database.
Results: The questions with the highest number of correct answers concerned the possible consequences of lack of supplementation and the period of pregnancy during which the fetus is at risk of developing neural tube defects. Questions concerning the ability of the intestinal microflora to synthesise folic acid and the recommended period to start supplementation before the planned pregnancy proved problematic. Education was shown to significantly affect the level of knowledge about folic acid.
Summary: The level of knowledge about folic acid among women in the Podkarpackie voivodship is satisfactory. However, it is still necessary to educate women of reproductive age and inform them about the potential consequences of not supplementing this compound during pregnancy. Education should rest not only with the gynaecologist, but also with the primary care physician.
La metamorfosis del sistema de Seguridad Social marroquí. Especial atención a la asistencia sanitaria y prestaciones familiares.
Authors: Burgos Goye María del Carmen
Published: July 2023

Analizar la evolución del sistema de protección social en Marruecos, su institucionalización y configuración actual, tras la modificación operada en su marco normativo por la Ley Marco nº 9.21 relativa a la protección social, focalizando nuestro examen en la articulación de la protección que se realiza mediante el modelo contributivo y la asistencia social y en particular, como afecta dicha reforma a la atención sanitaria y protección a la familia, valorando su actual configuración, las modificaciones propuestas, los logros conseguidos así como las disfuncionalidad irresolutas hasta ahora pero que inexcusablemente debe acometer para conseguir alcanzar el Estado de Bienestar que aspira implantar a corto plazo.
Screening in Multistage Contests
Authors: Khorasani Sina , Nittala Lakshminarayana , Krishnan Vish V.
Published: July 2023

Problem definition: Firms seek to use the contest format to source solutions from a broader network of outside solvers. We study the application of the contest approach in multistage settings and show how and when screening of contestants between stages can produce improved contest outcomes. Methodology/results: We present an application-driven game-theoretic model to capture imperfections in screening using the true-positive rate (sensitivity) and the true-negative rate (specificity). Specifically, we consider a two-stage contest with a screening decision by the firm between the stages. Solvers face uncertainty about their probability of fit, and the final quality of the solution is dependent on the performance across both stages. We identify two mechanisms through which screening induces greater effort, namely the encouragement effect and the competitive contest effect, and characterize how screening should be tuned to the problem setting. We find that filtering out true negatives in contests with exogenous solvers’ probability of fit is optimal for solution-seeking firms. Our results indicate that in case of problems with endogenous probability of fit and less up-front complexity, coarse (imperfect) screening is beneficial in order to manage competition and stimulate greater effort, but it behooves the firm to resort to more accurate screening otherwise. We also derive nuanced results for the case when a seeker faces screening constraints and must balance screening sensitivity and specificity. Managerial implications: Our work provides firms an additional degree of freedom in terms of specific and sensitive screening to design and run contests and to better engage outside solvers. We derive actionable results and translate them into a managerial framework to help fine-tune the screening mechanism for improved contest performance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0378 .
Volodymyr Levynskyi’s letter to Mykola Hankevych (1915)
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Mikhalskiy Igor
Published: July 2023

At the present stage of development of Ukrainian historical science, increasingly greater attention is paid to the study of sources of personal origin. In Western scholarship, they are regarded as ego-documents and are more important for the reconstruction of the past, both distant and recent. In many cases the documents of this group are the central ones. It is noted that the letters, as a historical source, are sources of personal origin and have their own specifics. Scientists have repeatedly emphasized that it “consists, firstly, in a vivid manifestation of the subjective perception of events, requiring a scientific critical attitude to this source; secondly, each epoch and each period of history left its mark not only on changes, but also on the form of letters”. Therefore, to study the relationship between different historical and political figures of a particular epoch, it is necessary to use ego-documents, in particular correspondence. It is emphasized that people’s letters to each other, being sources of a unique nature, express not only their instantaneous reactions to events, but also allow reconstructing the system of their relationships through arguments and evaluations of certain events and ideas. Furthermore, correspondence materials have an essential characteristic: being part of the context of human life, they are at the same time authentic sources for the formation of scientific ideas about this context. It is possible to create a complete picture of the activities of individuals in difficult periods of history only by considering the specifics of this context. The published letter reflects the political position of one of the prominent figures of the Ukrainian national liberation movement at the beginning of the 20th century, Volodymyr Levynskyi.
Russian/Soviet imperial conception of historical development of Donbass: formation, development and significance in the modern Russian-Ukrainian war
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Naboka Oleksandr
Published: July 2023

In the article was research the evolution of imperial ideological conception Russian empire/Soviet Union on the civilized development of Donbas on the basis is historiographical analysis of the works of Russian and Soviet scholars and memoirs of contemporary figures in various fields. The author analyzed the main components of the royal imperial myth about Russia's leading contribution to the civilizational development of the steppe «Wild Field», which were considered modern Lugansk and Donetsk regions of Ukraine before the arrival of the Russian Empire. Also given the detailed analysis of the Soviet «international» concept of Donbas development. The author notes that in Soviet times, Donbass became a «pearl» within the USSR. Among other things, are also considered modern imperial concepts of Putin's regime regarding Donbas, which, according to the author of the article, represent an ideological mixture of tsarist and Soviet imperial doctrines.
The European Union and Russia after February 24, 2022. Selected problems
Authors:   University of Adam Mickiewicz, Donaj Lukash
Published: July 2023

Based on Marek Menkiszak's work „Greater Europe: Putin's Vision of the European (Dis)integration”, the author provides a detailed analysis of the concept of „Greater Europe” as an integrated political space with Germany's dominance in the West (within the European Union) and Russia's dominance in the East (within the Eurasian Union), formulated within the Russian geopolitical paradigm. The goals of Russia's dominance in the Eurasian space are identified, including the pursuit of hegemony, increased influence on European politics, and the weakening of American influence, among others. The failures and obstacles on the path to achieving Russia's geopolitical objectives in Europe are demonstrated. The author addresses the issue of the impact of Russia's full-scale aggression against Ukraine on Russian-European relations and raises the question of a change in the mentality of Russian citizens in the context of perceiving and responding to the Kremlin's criminal policies.
Activities of Jozef Buzek in the field of Polish and Galician statistics
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Shevtsova Yevheniia
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the activities of Professor Józef Buzek (1873–1936), a prominent figure in Polish and Galician statistics of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, an economist, demographer, lawyer, and sociologist. In leading positions of state statistical bodies, as a politician and teacher, he made a significant contribution to the historical and statistical research of Galicia, analyzed the economy and economy of the region, raised the issue of the position of national minorities in the Austrian Empire, which were both Ukrainians and Poles at the time. Since the contribution of Jozef Buzek to the Polish and Ukrainian statistical affairs is not sufficiently covered in domestic science, the purpose of the article is to expand Ukrainian historiography on Polish and Galician statistics and economic thought with the scientific works of Professor Buzek. The author provided a brief biographical reference, characterized the educational and scientific activities of Josef Buzek in the field of economics, jurisprudence, and statistics. The analysis of important political achievements, work experience in the Central Statistical Commission in Vienna, the Polish Central Statistical Office, and the Statistics Office in Lviv was carried out. The Polish and Galician scientist-economist and statistician also devoted his scientific activity to issues of national policy, characterized by works in which the problems of social and educational statistics are investigated. Important works on Polish and Galician statistics in the field of economy, population and demographic processes in Poland and Galicia have been singled out and analyzed. The assessment of achievements in the field of Polish political science and jurisprudence is given. It has been proven that his practical activities in the management positions of state and regional statistical bodies had a significant impact on the development of statistical affairs in Galicia and Poland, as well as contributed to the improvement of statistical information collection and processing methods.
Patient redress in clinical negligence cases: an uneven playing field
Authors: Tingle John
Published: July 2023

Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses several reports relating to patient compensation for clinical negligence
Managing the interface between two Acts relevant to the deprivation of liberty
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: July 2023

Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers the judgment in Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust v JS [2023], which provides much needed clarity on the interface between the Mental Health Act 1983 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 to authorise a deprivation of liberty
Supporting patients, carers and staff with enteral feeding in the community
Authors: Romeril Rosie
Published: July 2023

Rosie Romeril ( rosie.romeril@nhs.net ) Nutrition Nurse Specialist, Bromley Healthcare, won a silver award in the Nutrition Nurse of the Year category of the BJN Awards 2023
Introducing a feeding tube kit bag and passport for patients with a gastrostomy
Authors: Shrubsole Debbie
Published: July 2023

Debbie Shrubsole Clinical Nutrition Nurse Specialist, Community Division, St Mary's Hospital, Isle of Wight NHS Trust, won a Bronze Award in the Nutrition Nurse of the Year category of the BJN Awards 2023
An Effective and Low-Cost Method for Genomic DNA Extraction from Cyclanthera Pedata Species (A Nutraceutical Plant) without Liquid Nitrogen for Inter Simple Sequence Repeat Analyses
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Kumar Vijay , Uniyal Anjali , Gupta Sanjay , Kumar Vivek
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: For the DNA-based study of plant species, one of the important steps is to obtain high-quality DNA. However, this is problematic when the species contains a lot of polyphenols and polysaccharides. The polysaccharides and polyphenols interfere with the activity of the Taq polymerase enzyme during the PCR reaction thereby affecting the quality of the DNA. Therefore, a method for DNA extraction from Cyclanthera pedata has been developed. The current study reveals a CTAB-based approach that is quick, dependable, and economical and is specifically designed for obtaining DNA from the Cyclanthera genus. These plant species are abundant in secondary metabolites and polysaccharides, which makes it difficult to extract DNA effectively and with a high yield. The present protocol also excludes the use of expensive liquid nitrogen, which makes it cost-friendly as well. High salt concentration (1.5 M) and 2% polyvinylpyrrolidone were used in the DNA extraction buffer to prevent the solubility of polysaccharides and polyphenols in DNA extract. In addition to these substances, protein-like various enzymes were precipitated by ammonium acetate and removed by centrifugation during the isolation process. The quality of the isolated DNA was assessed using agarose gel electrophoresis (0.8%) and quantified using an A260/A280 ratio ranging from 1.7 to 1.9, absorbance ratio >2,which indicates the extract was free of proteins, polysaccharides, and polyphenols. The extracted genomic DNA was amplified by the ISSR primer (UBC-825) and clear banding pattern were observed. This standardized protocol provides pure and high quality genomic DNA without expensive liquid nitrogen or toxic phenolic compounds. It is also suitable for routine molecular biology assays such as RAPD, SSR, restriction digestion, southern blot, and cloning techniques.
Characterization of Antheraea assamensis Cocoon Proteins as a Potential Candidate against Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Singh Raunak Raj , Sarma Manash Pratim , Basak Mrinmoy , Devi Ritismita
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: Silk is a biomaterial which is a fibrous protein with remarkable mechanical properties produced in fibre formed by silkworms and spiders. Apart from being a fine biomaterial, it has also been used since past few centuries as sutures in medical surgeries due to its advantages in healing properties and antimicrobial activity to avoid infection. Silk as a material has also been successful in various modern medical areas.1 Here the researchers attempt to study the antimicrobial properties of silk proteins and their potential utility as medicinal agents against the bacteria of the urinary tract infections. This study was done to analyse the affect of muga silk based protein sericin and fibroin on the pathogenic bacteria causing UTI and its role in antibiotic sensitivity. It was found that there was a potential in both the silk proteins (Sericin and fibroin) in its anti-microbial effects against the UTI causing bacteria and had formidable results when treated against them.
Toxic Effect Metabolites of Micromycetes Spread In Azerbaijan
Authors: Muradova Sevda M. , Jabrailzade Sabiya M.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: Annotation. In the research conducted, endogenous and exogenous metabolites of fungi were studied according to their toxic activity in different areas of Azerbaijan. It became clear that among the 46 species of fungi isolated from different areas, there are species with strong, medium and weak toxic activity, as well as species without toxic activity. 26,7% have strong, 56.6% have medium, and 10% have weak phytotoxic activity, but 6.7% do not have such an phytotoxic activity. None of the fungi belonging to the division Basidiomycota have either strong or moderate phytotoxic activity, only 50% of the remaining fungi have weak phytotoxic activity. All the fungi belonging to the Mucormycota division have a weak phytotoxic activity. Differences in the phytotoxic activity of fungi belonging to different taxonomic groups are related to the nature of their struggle in the environment they live in. So that, because the struggle for food of xylotrophic macromycetes takes place under conditions of weaker competition, their phytotoxic activity is characterized by relatively low indicators.
Bewegte Namen im Varietätenspektrum und Sprachkontakt.
Authors: Dammel Antje , Roolfs Friedel Helga
Published: July 2023

The case studies collected in this thematic issue focus on specific constellations of “Names in Motion”, adaptation processes of anthroponyms and toponyms in standard dialect diglossia and in language contact. Constellations of internal and external multilingualism prove to be a rich source for structural adaptation processes and the emergence of onymic variants. Within adaptation processes, the medial dimension of variation between orality and literacy plays a crucial role. In the introduction, we first present the individual contributions, and then discuss cross-connections and explore possible generalizations.
Upper Cervical Leiomyoma in an Adolescent Male
Authors: Dhar Sanjay B. , Parikh Mishil , Gala Rohan Bharat , Gupta Batsal , Kadam Tushar
Published: July 2023

Introduction:Leiomyomas are benign epithelial tumors with a female preponderance usually in the uterus, gastro-intestinal tract and skin. They are well-capsulated tumors with no mitotic activity and little pleomorphism. Primary leiomyoma in the upper cervical spine region is rare and the occurrence of these lesions in young immunocompetent males is extremely rare. Case Report: A 15-year-old male had swelling over the nape of the neck for 4 years with slight difficulty in neck movements for a few months. Asymptomatic 4 years back be developed a painless swelling at the nape of the neck on the right side initially the size of a pea which gradually increased size. A 10x8cm firm, on-tender and non-pulsatile swelling at the nape of the neck on the right extending from the occipital nuchal line and crossing the midline up to the posterior border of the sternomastoid. The skin over the swelling wasn’t adherent and the swelling did not reduce on neck movements. Neck movements were terminally restricted with restriction on rotation towards the right. Routine X-ray’s and magnetic resonance imaging were suggestive of a soft tissue mass in the inter-muscular plane on the posterior aspect more on the right side with a cystic component and causing thinning of the C2 lamina with no intraspinal extension. Biopsy was done. Findings were suggestive of a spindle cell benign tumor. Posterior en bloc excision was planned and the lesion blog with the entire capsule was excised and sent for histopathology which revealed the lesion was a leiomyoma. The patient has shown no clinical or radiological evidence of recurrence at 4 year fol-low-up. Conclusion: Leiomyomas in the upper cervical spine is extremely rare in adolescent immunocom-petent male. Keywords: Leiomyoma, spine, cervical.
A Rare Case of Cervical Myelopathy Caused by an Anomaly of the Axis: A Case Report and a Review of Current Comprehensive Literature
Authors: Kato Koki , Miyamoto Kei , Shimizu Katsuji , Yozawa Sain , Ishii Mitsukazu , Akiyama Haruhiko
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cervical myelopathy due to anomalies of the posterior elements of the axis is rare, and limited cases have been reported. This study reports such a unique case of congenital anomaly of the laminae of the axis, which is treated by partial removal of the anomalous bony structure surgically, and provides a comprehensive review of the present literature on this pathological condition. Case Presentation:A 65-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of numbness in both arms with a sensory change in the right arm. Six months before admission, he noticed weakness in his right upper extremities and stiffness of the right lower extremity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a bilaterally compressed spinal cord with an anomalous bony structure at the C2-3 level. Computed tomography (CT) showed an invaginated abnormal bony structure at the C2-3 level and an abnormal lateral mass on the right side at the C2-3 level. The patient underwent posterior decompression surgery using the conventional open approach. One year after surgery, his myelopathy partially ameliorated, with his cervical radiograph showing no signs of the secondary instability and MRI showing sufficient decompression of the spinal cord. The age of onset, symptoms, and surgical treatment in our case was similar to those in the 14 previously reported cases; however, the morphology of the anomaly had variations. Conclusion:This is a report of a rare anomaly in the laminae of the axis. MRI and reconstructed CT scans were useful for the treatment of this case. Partial surgical removal was an appropriate treatment for this patient, resulting in a satisfactory outcome. Keywords: Cervical myelopathy, anomaly of axis, decompression.
Fatigue Failure of Outer Metal Dome of Bipolar Monoblock Shell in Hemiarthroplasty Hip: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Shah Vikram Indrajit , Pachore Javahir A , Upadhyay Sachin , Shah Kalpesh
Published: July 2023

Introduction: We report a rare case of transmural wear-through of the polyethylene inner liner leading to fatigue failure of polished outer metallic dome of bipolar monoblock shell in cemented hemiarthroplasty 5-years after the index surgery. Case Presentation: A 62-year-old active man reported with 6 months of worsening right hip pain. He had undergone cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty for sub-capital fracture of the right femur 5 years back. Radiographs demonstrate significant full-thickness wear-through of the Cobalt-Chromium head through the polyethylene inner liner and outer metal dome into the acetabulum. Biomechanics study revealed inadequate thickness of outer metallic dome of monoblock shell. Revision Total hip arthroplasty was performed. At the 5-year follow-up, radiographs show stable components and no clinical abnormality. Conclusion: Albeit rare, this failure mode aimed to raised awareness, routine follow-up, and quality assurance. Keywords: Bipolar hemiarthroplasty, revision total hip arthroplasty, bipolar monoblock shell, polyethylene inner liner.
A Case Report of Bilateral Calcaneal Spur Fracture after Fall from a Height
Authors: Aliessa Khalid A
Published: July 2023

Introduction:A calcaneal spur (also known as a heel spur) is a bony outgrowth from the calcaneal tuberosity. Calcaneal spurs are typically detected by X-ray examination. It is a form of exostosis, and it can be fractured as result of trauma as any other bone. An inferior calcaneal spur is located on the inferior aspect of the calcaneus and is typically a response to plantar fasciitis over a period but may also be associated with ankylosing spondylitis (typically in children). A posterior calcaneal spur develops on the back of the heel at the insertion of the Achilles tendon. The only abnormal physical sings are localized tenderness beneath the calcaneum, X-ray sometimes shows a bony spur projecting forward from the under surface of the calcaneal tuberosity. We report a -60-year-old male presented with painful swelling of both heels, after fall from height about 1–2 m, the patient had chronic plantar fasciitis. X-ray done, revealed bilateral calcaneal spur fracture (distal tip), associated with posterior calcaneal spur. The patient treated with well-padded posterior slab for 2–3 weeks, ice pack, analgesia, and non-weight bearing. Case Reports:A 60-year-old man had history of trauma (fall from height about 1–2 m) on his heels, he presented with painful swelling on both heels, with mild limitation of ankle movement. On examination, there were a tender, swelling, mild ecchymosis around the heels, with painful limitation of ankle motion, and pain on weight-bearing. Radiological examination was done for spine, pelvis, hips, all within normal, and ankle X-ray. A/P and lateral revealed bilateral fracture of calcaneal spur. The patient was treated with rest, elevation, ice pack ,and analgesia for 2–3 days, then applications of back slab for 2–3 weeks. By the end of 3rd weeks, the back slab was removed and continue crepe bandage and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. After 2–3 months of follow-up, the patient no longer had swelling and pain, only mild symptoms of painful heel syndrome. Conclusion:This article presents a rare case of bilateral calcaneal spur fracture in the patient with plantar fasciitis and calcaneal spur, following trauma to both heels, so an awareness of this condition as one of the differential diagnoses of painful heels following trauma. Keywords:Calcaneal spur, heel pain, fracture calcaneal spur.
Late Presentation of Palmar Dislocation of the Fifth Metacarpal Bone: Review of the Literature, Treatment Algorithm, and Case Report
Authors: Villán Jorge Luciano , Latorre Luis F , Quintero Jorge Ignacio , Moreno Serrano Constanza L
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Isolated palmar carpometacarpal dislocation of the small finger is infrequent, this injury often goes unnoticed in the evaluation at the emergency room, for which physical evaluation and X-ray findings can avoid missing this diagnosis. We describe a case report and propose a treatment algorithm for isolated dislocations of the carpometacarpal joint of the fifth finger to the palmar that is not diagnosed and treated early, using this algorithm, the surgeon will have a vision of the probable best treatment option. Case Presentation:A 50-year-old with late presentation of palmar dislocation of the fifth metacarpal bone, the diagnosis that went unnoticed in the initial emergency assessment. The patient was taken to an open reduction and internal fixation with an internal brace fixed at the base of the fifth metacarpal, the base of the fourth metacarpal and the hamate, and the fifth metacarpal was fixed to the fourth metacarpal with a Kirschner wire placed transversely to the axis of the metacarpal. Conclusion: Physical evaluation and X-ray findings, physicians can avoid missing isolated palmar carpometacarpal dislocation of the small finger. Using this algorithm according to the temporality of the injury, direction of the dislocation, and stability of the joint, the surgeon will have a vision of the probable best treatment option. Keywords: Dislocation, fifth metacarpal bone, treatment, late presentation.
Exchange effects in strong-field ionization of the excited lithium ion induced by one- and two-component laser fields
Authors: Habibović D. , Milošević D. B.
Published: July 2023

Spin-dependent effects in strong-laser-field-induced above-threshold ionization of excited Li+ ions, caused by the requirement that the electron wave function is antisymmetric, are analyzed using the strong-field approximation and saddle-point method. For an excited Li+ ion exposed to a linearly polarized laser field, the minima in the photoelectron momentum distribution in the polarization plane appear if the excited Li+ ion state is the spin singlet state, while for the spin triplet state these minima are absent. The difference between the spectra obtained with these spin states is quantified by the corresponding normalized difference of the differential ionization probabilities. Employing the saddle-point method, we show that, for the spin singlet state, all relevant contributions to the differential ionization probability exhibit minima for approximately the same values of the photoelectron energy and emission angle, thus leading to the minima in the total spectra. Similar conclusions hold for a bicircular driving field. In this case, the range of values of the photoelectron energy and emission angle for which different saddle-point contributions exhibit minima is almost the same for all saddle-point solutions. This is particularly true for the high-energy part of the spectrum, and the minima are more pronounced than for the linearly polarized driving field case. In order to check whether these minima can be detected in an experiment, we perform focal averaging, which takes into account the intensity distribution in the laser focus. For both linearly polarized and bicircular driving fields, the minima survive the focal-averaging procedure. They are slightly blurred in the former case, while in the latter case the focal averaging almost does not affect the minima at all. Finally, we confirm that similar conclusions hold for the photoelectron velocity maps in the plane that contains the laser-field propagation direction.