bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Appraisal of Ground Failure and Hydrogeological Changes Associated with the 28 April 2021 Mw 6 Sonitpur Earthquake, Assam, India, Using Field Evidences and InSAR Measurements
Authors: Bhadran Arun , Sreejith K. M. , Girishbai Drishya , Duarah Bhagawat Pran , Agrawal Ritesh , Gopinath Girish
Published: February 2022

Widespread damage and coseismic ground disturbances are generally associated with large magnitude and/or shallow focus earthquakes. Surprisingly, a deep focus (34 km), moderate magnitude earthquake (Mw 6) occurred near the Kopili fault zone in Sonitpur district, Assam, India, on 28 April 2021 and created intense ground shaking and extensive damage along the Brahmaputra Valley. We undertook a field survey within a day after the earthquake and carried out Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analysis to map any coseismic ground deformation features. Our field survey revealed extensive liquefaction features and several coseismic secondary ground cracks along the alluvial tracts of the Brahmaputra River system. InSAR analysis revealed a sinistral slip up to ∼60 mm along a north-northwest–south-southeast-oriented previously unmapped lineament or fault. Field investigations revealed coseismic hydrological changes including a sudden rise and fall in the water level by 0.3–0.5 m followed by the injection of sand materials up to a thickness of 1.25 m in dug wells and the appearance of water in seasonally dried river channels and ponds. Interferometric coherence analysis during pre-, co-, and postseismic periods further confirmed the coseismic surge in water at five major tributary rivers of the Brahmaputra River. We speculate that the pressure difference at the shallow unconfined aquifer system of the mountain-front alluvial fan induced by coseismic stresses must have caused channeling of groundwater to the rivers and the contemporaneous water level fluctuations in wells. Amplification of seismic waves at the thick, unconsolidated sedimentary strata of the Brahmaputra Valley could have enhanced the extensive damage due to the 2021 Sonitpur earthquake. The present study has implications in estimating damage potential along the Brahmaputra Valley for future earthquakes.
A review on thermal analysis of hybrid greenhouse solar dryer (HGSD)
Authors: SINGH Pushpendra , GAUR Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2022

The objective of the paper is to present the modifications done in hy brid gr eenhouse solar dryers to make them more efficient. As hy brid dryers we re developed to ov ercome the various limitations of other types of solar dryers. Due to modifications in dryers, the effect on various heat transfer parameters like heat transfer coefficient, drying time, drying efficiency, etc. is studied and also encapsulated in the paper. It is found that in most of the hybrid dryers, the maximum temperature of the drying chamber is around 65–80°C. This shows the suitability of a hybrid dryer for drying high moisture crops. Also, the drying time for most of the crops is around 2–3 days, which shows the faster moisture removal rate inside the hybrid dryers. According to the literature studied, the maximum drying efficiency of a hybrid dryer is reported by about 35%. The paper also encapsulates the various relations/equations used by different researchers to carry out the thermal modeling and heat transfer analysis of greenhouse dryers.
The Role of Family Function and Support to Nutritional Status in Autistic Children
Authors: Khotibuddin Muhammad , Shellia Riska
Published: February 2022

The role of the family is substantial in determining the nutritional status of children. However, not many studies have revealed this role in autistic children in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the role of family function and family support for the nutritional status of autistic children in Yogyakarta. This study used a cross-sectional design to observe at least 14 children divided into three groups: autistic-overweight, autistic-normal, and non-autistic-normal. The APGAR score measured the family function, while family support was measured by a questionnaire consisting of 5 aspects: information, respect, instrumental, emotional, and social. The difference test between the three groups used the Anova test. Total family support in the autistic-overweight group (73,17±4,45) was lower than autistic-normal (80.6±3.36) and non-autistic (78.33±3.21). This difference was significant between autistic-overweight and autistic-normal (p 0.022), but not with the non-autistic group. Furthermore, there was no difference in family function (APGAR score) between the three study groups. There was less family support among autistic-overweight children.
A libraries survey of different colleges of education with respect to facilities, usages and modernization: A college would be incomplete without a good library
Authors: Kumar Tarseem
Published: February 2022

An attempt is made through this study to highlight the facilities, usages, modernization & services provided by libraries in the colleges of education. College of education cannot accomplish their objective without libraries and libraries have no meaning if these cannot support education. A library is not a building stacked with books — it is a repository and source of information and ideas. In a dynamic approach to teaching, it supplies enrichment materials in all fields of study. Civilization has progressed by virtue of specialization. Library habit creates specialists. In changing pattern of today’s education, library is considered to be the most powerful media to promote self-education, to acquire information and to provide research facilities. Any student joining a college should make it a habit to visit the library regularly. It can make only possible to adopt new techniques and technology in the libraries for providing better environment to its users.
Segunda ronda encuesta coronavirus BID-Cornell y panel de datos: nota metodológica
Authors: Bottan Nicolas L. , Hoffmann Bridget , Vera-Cossio Diego A.
Published: February 2022

La segunda ronda de la Encuesta BID/Cornell Coronavirus hace un seguimiento a la encuesta BID/Cornell Coronavirus de la primera ronda en donde se recolectó información relacionada a los impactos de la pandemia del Covid-19 en los mercados laborales, seguridad alimentaria, distanciamiento social, y conocimiento acerca de los síntomas y formas de contagio del Coronavirus. El objetivo principal de la segunda ronda fue hacer un seguimiento a los hogares partícipes de la primera ronda, recolectando información más detallada de ingresos y activos de los hogares, así como también datos de beneficiarios de programas sociales existentes antes de la pandemia, inclusión financiera, preferencias políticas y comportamientos relacionados con el Covid-19 en general. El procedimiento de recolección de datos de la segunda ronda, así como su divulgación, se llevaron a cabo de la misma forma que para el caso de la primera ronda. Los datos de las dos rondas de la encuesta se unieron para crear un panel de datos a nivel de hogar. Al realizar un ejercicio de correlación entre participación en la segunda ronda y características demográficas, encontramos que ser mujer aumentó la probabilidad de participar en la segunda ronda de la encuesta. Así mismo, personas con un nivel de educación más alto y con mayores ingresos fueron más propensas a participar en la segunda ronda. Acorde con estos resultados, encontramos también una correlación positiva entre tener 40 años en adelante y participar en la encuesta de seguimiento. Los datos del panel de datos son útiles para analizar efectos de la pandemia en situaciones y preferencias más detalladas de los hogares dentro de un país y entre países. Se incluyen ponderadores que corrigen diferencias en el tamaño de la muestra entre países y proveen una mayor ponderación a las observaciones de países con mayor población.
DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SEQUELAE SUCH AS GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS SPECIALLY TREATED FOR DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER
Authors:   S.P. Grigoriev Institute of Medical Radiology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Radzishevska Yev.B. ,   Kharkiv National Medical University, Savchenko A.S. ,   S.P. Grigoriev Institute of Medical Radiology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine,   Kharkiv State University named after V.N.Karazin, Radzishevska Ya.K. ,   Kharkiv State University named after V.N.Karazin, Boiko O.M. ,   Kharkiv City Clinical Hospital No27, Vygivska L.A. ,   Kharkiv National Medical University, Kuksin M. ,   École Normale Supérieure
Published: February 2022

Objective. Evaluate the potential long-term effects of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) treatment, on the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) based on a retrospective study of DTC patients. Methods. Occurrence of long-term GIT pathologies was retrospectively studied in 157 DTC patients. All patients were treated according to the standard of care, which includes radical surgery, radiation therapy and hormone therapy. The database contained digitalised medical histories of patients followed for at least 1 year after treatment. A total of 463 entries were available, representing one entry per noted consequence for each of the 157 patients. The study focused on two aspects. The frequencies of complications before and after treatment were compared, and factors impacting DTC pathology in a statistically significant manner were isolated. Results: The total onset frequency of gallbladder, liver and pancreas disorders was increased by a factor of 1.6 in a statistically significant manner in DTC patients. Patients initially presenting gallbladder disorders received shorter cures of hormone therapy (4 versus 13 months), and lower levels of L-thyroxine in a context of uncompensated hypothyroidism (2.3 versus 3.5 mg/kg). A statistically significant relation was established between the total duration of breastfeeding in women presenting metabolic health disorders, and onset of liver pathology (essentially non-alcoholic steatohepatitis). Conclusion. Life-long GIT pathology monitoring should be standard of care for patients after special DTC treatment. What this paper adds The long-term effects of treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer on the gastro-intestinal tract have never been described to date. Here, a 1.6-fold increase in disorders implicating mainly the gallbladder, liver and pancreas is noted. Gallbladder disorders are shown to be frequent in patients undergoing short courses of thyroid hormone suppression therapy with low levels of L-thyroxine and presenting uncompensated hypothyroidism. In women presenting metabolic disorders, a relation has been established between the total duration of breastfeeding and the later development of liver pathologies.
CURRENT ASPECTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LIMB LYMPHEDEMA
Authors:   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Myshentsev P.N. , Katorkin S.E. ,   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Yarovenko G.V. ,   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: February 2022

The article provides the literature overview on various current methods of surgical treatment of patients with limb lymphedema. Despite the fact that the basis of the treatment of this pathology is a complex antiedema therapy, the possibilities of conservative therapeutic measures for lymphedema leave much to be desired and cannot often satisfy either patients or clinicians. The use of surgical methods in the treatment of lymphedema has a long history and has gone from various types of resection to reconstructive interventions. The analysis of current literature data has shown that the choice of the volume and method of surgical correction in lymphedema requires a difficult and individual assessment of the pathological changes developing in the disease, which should be identified only with a comprehensive examination of patients. Operations of lymphovenous anastomosis, transplantation of lymph nodes are considered to be the most effective in the prevention or initial stages of lymphedema. With pronounced manifestations of the disease, optimal results are achieved with a reasonable combination of methods improving lymph drainage and operations reducing the excess volume of the affected limb, thereby provided patients with potentially improved functional outcomes and quality of life. The limitations in improvement despite multimodality treatment are consided to be at the level of satisfactory values. The experience of the most lymphedema professionals has to besuggesteda reasonable balance between basic conservative therapy and surgical treatment. Undoubtedly, the results of evaluating these methods will improve the choice of the optimal method for treating patients with limb lymphedema.
Effects of Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program on Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Pourgharib Shahi Mohammad Hossein , Mohammadnejad Seyedeh Farnaz , Gohari Moghadam Keivan , Borna Sima , Sharaf Sayedeh Elham , Naderpour Zeinab
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) impairs patients` quality of life and clinical outcomes. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program can improve the functional capacity in patients with chronic lung disease. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of the PR program on the quality of life, anxiety, depression, and pulmonary function of patients with COPD.
Materials and Methods: In this single-group before-and-after clinical trial, adult patients with COPD and recent history of exacerbation were recruited. The intervention was a PR program, including training of breathing exercises at home and aerobic exercise program, twice a week about 30 to 60 min for 8 weeks. The program was prepared according to the patient’s tolerance by a sports medicine specialist in a pulmonary rehabilitation clinic. The primary outcome was quality of life measured by the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Secondary outcomes were assessing anxiety, depression, pulmonary function, COPD status, the ability to walk, and shortness of breathing. All outcomes were measured before and one week after the program.
Results: Twenty-two eligible patients of both genders (68% male and 32% female) with a Mean±SD age of 65.09±9.72 years finished the program. Quality of life was improved significantly following the intervention (51.49 [16.68] vs 4275 [15.63]; P<0.001]. Anxiety and depression (P<0.001), pulmonary function parameters, such as forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (P<0.001) and FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (P=0.015), COPD status (P=0.001), the ability of walk1ing (P<0.05), and shortness of breath (P=0.001) were improved significantly after the intervention.
Conclusion: The PR program resulted in clinical improvement in patients with COPD. Thus, we recommend that it be used besides medical management.
Efficacy of Myofascial Release Therapy on the Cardiorespiratory Functions in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Fereydounnia Sara , Shadmehr Azadeh , Tahmasbi Alireza
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Myofascial Release Therapy (MRT) on cardiorespiratory functions in patients with COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: A total of 36 patients with COVID-19 (intervention group=20, controls=16) were included in the present study. The patients in the intervention group participated in a single session of suboccipital, anterior thoracic and sternal, anterior cervical, and diaphragm myofascial release techniques, plus respiratory physiotherapy. The controls just received respiratory physiotherapy. Before-after assessments included recording heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, chest expansion, and breathing comfort.
Results: There was a significant reduction in the heart rate and ease of breathing in the intervention group (P=0.04, P=0.02; respectively); also, the diastolic blood pressure increased significantly in the control group (P=0.02). Compared to the controls, the ease of breathing decreased significantly in the intervention group (P=0.03).
Conclusion: Myofascial release techniques of the neck, thoracic, and diaphragm, along with respiratory physiotherapy, could immediately affect heart rate and ease of breathing and prevent increasing diastolic blood pressure. If a patient with COVID-19 is stable, pulmonary physiotherapists may consider using these techniques while monitoring cardiopulmonary function.
Judicial Conciliation: Problems and Prospects
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Ural State Law University, PhD (Law), Timofeev Yuriy A.
Published: February 2022

The principle of voluntariness of participation in the conciliation procedure, with passive behavior of the parties, should not act as an obstacle for the initial appeal of the parties to the judicial conciliator to discuss the prospects for a peaceful settlement of the dispute and conduct judicial conciliation. Such an appeal should be initiated by the court when it detects the possibility of reconciliation of the parties and there are no objections of the parties, or by virtue of a direct indication in the law on the need for a conciliation procedure in certain categories of cases.
Differences between Civil Procedural Succession and Civil Succession
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Donetsk Academy of Internal Affairs of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Donetsk People’s Republic, Derbisheva Olga A.
Published: February 2022

The article examines the essence of civil procedural succession. The differences between civil procedural succession and civil succession are formulated.
Computer program for the choice of therapeutic approaches to the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Khadjibayev A. M. , Rakhimov R. I. , Makhamadaminov A. G. , Yeshmuratov A. B.
Published: February 2022

The developed computer program for choosing the tactics of treating patients with gastro duodenal ulcerous bleeding (GDUB) combined with various forms of coronary heart disease to the fullest extent meets demands not only practical emergency medicine, but modern evidence-based medicine. The presented case of clinical observation serves the clear illustration of this issue, which convincingly indicates that use of the developed computer program to choose the tactics of treating patients with GDUB combined with various forms of coronary heart disease allows us not only to accurately establish the clinical diagnosis, but also to choose the most appropriate treatment tactic.
The problem of maintaining the quality of life of older people living in self-isolation
Authors: Tyukin O. A. , Lukyanova I. E.
Published: February 2022

This article describes the main issues and problems that arise in the process of implementing long-term home care and maintaining the quality of life of elderly people who are in conditions of forced self-isolation. The aim of the work is to identify factors that have a negative impact on the provision of a decent quality of life by long-term home care professionals for the elderly in conditions of self-isolation. The research material was official statistics and the results of scientific research by Russian scientists. The main research methods used were the method of theoretical scientific analysis, the method of systematization, interpretation, and the method of generalization of the activities of medical and social services that provide long-term care for the elderly at home. The analysis showed that the forced self-isolation of the elderly, caused by the presence of acute respiratory viral infections, leads to a number of negative consequences, which together can worsen both the physical and mental state of a person, which ultimately will lead to a decrease in the quality of life. The result of this study was to identify such problems that exist in the practice of long-term care for older people who are in conditions of forced self-isolation, such as: the problem of quality control of services, imperfection of methods and technologies used to work with older people to ensure a decent quality of life in conditions of forced self-isolation and limited social contacts. Based on the results of the study, some measures have been proposed that will resolve the existing problems in a relatively short time.
Klotho protein in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus blood and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors
Authors: Timoshchenko O. V. , Stakhneva E. M. , Ragino Yu. I. , Nikitin Yu. P.
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate Klotho protein levels in men with type 2 diabetes blood and its associations with several cardiometabolic risk factors. Material and methods. The study included 37 men with diabetes and 141 men without diabetes. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure Klotho protein levels and some biochemical parameters. Results and its discussion. The Klotho protein level in men with diabetes was significantly lower than in men without diabetes (374 [117; 500] and 515 [315; 1009] pg/dl, p<0.0001). Among the examined men with diabetes with a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 cm2, the concentration of Klotho protein was 4 times lower than in the comparison group (104 [93; 118] and 413 [147; 535] pg/dl, p = 0.014) In men with diabetes, the Klotho protein was inversely correlated with the ratio of waist to hip circumference (-0.329; p = 0.047). But with multivariate analysis, only a tendency towards a negative association of the Klotho protein with abdominal obesity was determined (-0.385, p = 0.078). Conclusion. The content of Klotho protein in men with diabetes is significantly lower, especially in middle-aged men and in those with a reduced glomerular filtration rate. In men with diabetes, the Klotho protein has a negative correlation with the presence of abdominal obesity. In a multivariate analysis among men with diabetes, the Klotho protein tends to be inversely associated with the presence of abdominal obesity.
Bronchial granulocytes in the development of epithelial destruction and oxidative lipid modification in patients with bronchial asthma with cold and osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Pirogov A. B. , Prikhodko A. G. , Perelman Ju. M.
Published: February 2022

Free radical damage to the respiratory tract in patients with asthma leads to the destruction of the bronchial parenchyma and the generation of signaling molecules of inflammation by parenchymal cells. Objective: to study the role of the structural and functional status of granulocytes in the development of epithelial destruction and oxidative lipid modification in the bronchi of asthma patients with airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and hyperosmolar stimuli. Material and methods. In 48 asthma patients, the level of asthma control was assessed according to the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire; lung function; bronchial response to 3-minute isocapnic hyperventilation with cold (- 20 °C) air (IHCA) and with ultrasonic inhalation of hypertonic (4.5 %) NaCl solution (IHS). The cellular composition and the degree of cellular destruction in induced sputum (IS) were measured. Reaction products for enzymes from the group of heme-containing peroxidases (myeloperoxidase in neutrophils, peroxidase in eosinophils) with the calculation of the average cytochemical coefficient were studied. The content of lipid peroxidation products in according to ultraviolet absorption spectra of lipid extracts in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was assessed. Results. Patients of group 1 (n=15) with airway hyperresponsiveness to IHCA and IHS in relation to group 2 (n=33) with a negative reaction had lower ACT (14.7±1.4 vs. 18.4±0.8 points, p=0.017). In sputum, the number of neutrophils in groups 1 and 2 was 41.8±6.4 vs. 33.6±3.4 %, eosinophils – 23.5±3.5 vs. 14.9±2.6 %; average cytochemical coefficient of peroxidase 117.5±12.5 vs. 88.8±8.9 pixels (p=0.07), cell destruction index (CDI) of bronchial epithelium 0.56±0.04 vs. 0.39±0.02 r.u. (p =0.0002). The content of diene conjugates (E233) in EBC in group 1 was higher than in group 2 (0.07±0.008 vs. 0.05±0.005 optical units, p˂0.05). A correlation was found between peroxidase level and CDI, the number of totally destroyed cells (IV class of cell destruction), between the number of neutrophils in IS and E233, as well as the ratio of E233 to E206 (non-oxidized lipids) in EBC. Conclusion. In asthma patients with airway hyperresponsiveness to cold and hyperosmolar stimuli, changes in the structure of the epithelium and the structural and functional profile of granulocytes are associated with the activation of the peroxidase function of granulocytes and are interrelated with lipid peroxidation.
Aerobic exercise capacity of healthy young men with the early repolarization phenomenon
Authors: Kabanov M. V. , Nosov V. N. , Galagudza M. M. , Demchenko E. A.
Published: February 2022

Data on the performance of individuals with the early repolarization phenomenon (ERP) are contradictory. Aim of the study was to investigate the aerobic physical performance of individuals with ERP. Material and methods. 536 healthy men aged 18–45 years, who do not have contraindications to perform a load test according to physical, laboratory and instrumental examination (ECG, spirometry, echocardiography, clinical blood analysis), and who reached the VO2max during cardiopulmonary exercise testing were included in the study. We compared physical performance of groups formed on the basis of ECG data: the main group - persons with ERP (113 people) and the control group-persons without ERP (423 people). Results. In the group with ERP, the VO2max, cardiac output, oxygen pulse and stroke volume at peak load were lower than in the group without ERP, by 5.8 % (p=0.03), 9.2 % (p=0.05), 7.2 % (p=0.01) and 8.9 % (p=0.04). When compared to echocardiography data, the final systolic size of the left ventricle in the group with ERP was 12.6 % larger than in the group without ERP (p=0.03). Conclusion. In individuals with ERP, a decrease in cardiac output was detected, which may be associated with a relative deterioration in left ventricle systolic function and may affect the aerobic physical performance. The described differences were revealed only after removing the influence of anthropometric, spirometric and laboratory indicators.
The effect of new derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine on the development of brain edema in bacterial purulent meningitis in experimental conditions
Authors: Agarkova A. A. , Pokrovsky M. V. , Kolesnichenko P. D. , Nesterov A. V.
Published: February 2022

Bacterial purulent meningitis (BPM) is one of the most severe infectious and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system, which is characterized by high mortality and frequent development of residual neurological deficits. Edema and swelling of the brain is the most common cause of death in patients with neuroinfections. Most often, brain edema develops in pneumococcal meningitis (PM), which has the highest mortality rate among all bacterial meningitis. The aim of our work was to study the effect of new derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridinium 2.6-dichlorophenyl (amino)phenylethanoic acid (EMHDA) and bis(2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridinium) 2.6-dichlo-rophenyl (amino)phenylethanoic acid (B-EMHDA), on the degree of brain edema in the simulation of BPM in experimental conditions.

Material and methods. BPM was modeled by injecting a suspension containing Streptococcus pneumoniae at a concentration of 5 x 109 CFU/ml into the subarachnoid space of the brain. The degree of severity of cerebral edema in rats was assessed by determining the content of total water, free and bound fractions in the brain tissue, as well as the hydration coefficient. The lower the hydration coefficient, the more pronounced the cerebral edema. Determination of the content of water fractions in brain tissue and blood was carried out by the thermogravimetric method.

Results and discussion. 24 hours after the induction of meningitis, the free water content increases and the amount of bound water decreases. That testifies to the development of cerebral edema. Hydration coefficient in the group treated with EMHDA at a dose of 50 mg/kg, increased by 11.5 % relative to the control group; in the group receiving EMHDA at a dose of 25 mg/kg, increased by 15.3 % compared to the control group (p<0.05). Hydration coefficient in the group treated with B-EMHDA at a dose of 50 mg/kg, increased by 23 % relative to the control group; in the group receiving B-EMHDA at a dose of 25 mg/kg, increased by 26.9 % compared to the control group; and the group receiving B-EM-HDA at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg was 19.2 % higher relative to the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion. Brain edema is least pronounced when using B-EMHDA at all three studied dosages - 50, 25 and 12.5 mg/kg. Injection of EMHDA at doses of 50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg also helped to reduce the degree of brain edema when modeling BPM in experimental conditions.
Features of autophagy in the cytoplasm of endotheliocytes of blood capillaries in severe burn septicotoxemia
Authors: Savchenko S. V. , Grebenshchikova A. S. , Bgatova N. P. , Taskaeva Yu. S. , Letyagin A. Yu. , Novoselov V. P.
Published: February 2022

Burn injury and its consequences are an important medical and social problem, given the high mortality and disability rates. The leading cause of death in patients with extensive and deep burns is burn septicotoxemia.

Material and methods. The material was the heart muscle of the anterior, posterior and lateral walls of the left ventricle of those who died from burn disease during septicotoxemia. The control group included cases of male mortality as a result of “acute coronary death”. The study of the ultrastructure of endotheliocytes of blood capillaries of the myocardium has been carried out.

Results and discussion. Ultrastructural analysis of endotheliocytes of blood capillaries of the myocardium showed that in burn septicotoxemia, intracellular degradation processes are observed in the form of swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles, a decrease in the concentration of vesicular structures, as well as activation of autophagy due to the appearance of autophagosomes and autolysosomes in the cytoplasm. Activation of autophagy should be considered as a naturally developing compensatory reaction aimed at preserving the cellular pool of endotheliocytes of the blood capillaries of the myocardium in response to the alterative effect caused by burn septicotoxemia.

Conclusion. The obtained data can serve as a justification for the manifestation of left ventricular contractile insufficiency, which is a consequence of endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory disorders in the myocardium in burn septicotoxemia.
Pulmonary tuberculosis in clinical practice
Authors: Shubina A. T. , Borodulina E. A. , Gerasimov A. N. , Yakovleva E. V.
Published: February 2022

Pulmonary tuberculosis has a lot of clinical manifestations, and it complicates the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the general clinical practice. We studied the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis detected in the pulmonary department and compared them with the significancy of diagnostic methods.

Material and methods. People with a verified diagnosis of lung tuberculosis (n = 109) were examined using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF method if Ziehl Nielsen bacterioscopy has negative results or if there was no effect of treatment for two weeks.

Results. All patients had complaints of both intoxication and bronchitis as with pneumonia on admission. Infiltrative tuberculosis (57.1 %; n = 68), disseminated tuberculosis (16.8 %; n = 20) were most often diagnosed. We looked for correlations between dyspnea and the prevalence of the process (p = 0.24), dyspnea with temperature (p = 0.24), the presence of pain in the chest (p = 0.405), the results of immunodiagnostics and sputum examination (p = 0.133). We found out that there are no such correlations in tuberculosis. The term for diagnosing tuberculosis was 7.97 ± 3.9 days in the presence of cough with sputum and 9.04 ± 4.3 days in the case of dry cough. The term for diagnosing tuberculosis was 12.31 ± 4.9 days in patients without cough. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected using GeneXpert MTB/RIF molecular genetic methods with nonproductive cough in 84.5 % (60 people out of 71), while in the first days of hospitalization in 46.6 % of patients (28 people out of 60, p < 0.001).

Conclusion. It was found that the period of hospitalization is little related to the characteristics of patients and depends on organizational measures to identify mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is recommended to immediately apply the GeneXpert MTB/RIF method to patients with mild tuberculosis.
Polymorbidity and indicators of carbohydrate, lipid and purine metabolism in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Nikolaev Yu. A. , Polyakov V. Ya. , Mitrofanov I. M. , Sevostyanova E. V. , Kovrigin I. I.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study was to investigate the peculiarities of the relationship of polymorbid pathology in arterial hypertension with disorders of lipid, purine and carbohydrate metabolism. Material and methods. Patients with arterial hypertension with the presence of polymorbid pathology, who underwent examination and treatment at the clinic of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine (Novosibirsk), were examined. A total of 9775 people were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups: with arterial hypertension in the dyslipidemia absence (n = 561(252 men (44.9 %), 309 women (55.1 %), average age 57.1 ± 0.60 years) and in the dyslipidemia presence (n = 9214 (3879 (42.1 %) men, 5335 (57.9 %) women, average age 57.82 ± 0.12 years). Results and discussion. Hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia were more common in patients with arterial hypertension with dyslipidemia; the indicators were statistically higher: total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, atherogenic index, serum glucose, uric acid compared with patients with arterial hypertension without dyslipidemia. In patients with dyslipidemia, compared with patients without dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension was more often combined with diseases of the endocrine system, nutritional disorders and metabolic disorders, and other diseases of the circulatory system. Conclusion. The data obtained can serve as a theoretical basis for the concept of care for polymorbid patients, based on the impact on the main key pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases, and new approaches to complex treatment, rehabilitation and personalized prevention, taking into account the impact on modifiable risk factors.
Comparative characteristics of the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Akhverdyan Yu. R. , Zavodovsky B. V. , Polyakova Yu. V. , Seewordova L. E. , Papichev E. V.
Published: February 2022

The aim of this work was to study the dependence of the concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood of patients on the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Material and methods. We examined 26 patients with SLE, the comparison group consisted of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 88). Results. The hsCRP level was significantly higher in patients with a high degree of activity than in patients with minimal and moderate SLE activity (F = 4.409, p = 0.023). In addition, in patients with SLE, a significant direct correlation was found between hsCRP and ESR values (r = 0.409, p = 0.047), antinuclear factor (r = 0.389, p = 0.021), antibodies to double-stranded DNA (r = 0.226, p = 0.033), leukocytes in urine (r = 0.571, p = 0.002), microalbuminuria (r = 0.727, p = 0.017) AsAT (r = 0.428, p = 0.046), and inverse correlation – with the value of blood leukocytes (r = –0.662, p < 0.001). Conclusion. It was found that an increase in the levels of hsCRP in the sera of SLE patients is accompanied by an increase in the degree of disease activity, which indicates a direct correlation between the level of hsCRP and SLE activity. Consequently, the concentration of hsCRP reflects the acute phase response and the intensity of the inflammatory process in SLE.
Attitude to the health in the open population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia, association with the prevalence of CHD: gender features
Authors: Akimov A. M. , Kayumova M. M. , Gakova E. I. , Gakova А. А. , Akimova E. V. , Gafarov V. V. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Bessonova M. I.
Published: February 2022

The validity of the use of a subjective-objective indicator of health as a significant indicator of its association with the prevalence of coronary artery disease is shown in both domestic and foreign scientific literature. At the same time, the subjective-objective indicator of health, and first of all, the attitude to one's health, is recognized as an indicator of a lifestyle that establishes the interpretation of conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease and interest in preventive measures at the population level. Purpose: to determine the attitude towards one's health in the age range and in groups with and without coronary artery disease in an open population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia in terms of gender. Material and methods. Cross–sectional studies were carried out in the framework of two cardiac screenings on unorganized subpopulations of men and women 25–64 years old in Tyumen (with responses 85.0 and 70.3 %, respectively). The isolation of various forms of coronary heart disease was carried out on the basis of standard epidemiological methods, the comparison group was defined as the absence of coronary heart disease. The attitude of the population to their health was established using a rigidly standardized WHO questionnaire MONICApsychosocial «Knowledge and attitude to the health». Results. In the open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia, with a predominance among women, a low level of attitude towards their health was established, the prevalence of low responsibility for their health in the gender aspect took place in the third, fourth and sixth decades of life. Negative attitudes towards their health among persons of both sexes were determined mainly in groups with CHD; in women, the tendency towards a decrease in responsibility for their health was more pronounced than in men. Conclusion. When planning a preventive program for the population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia, taking into account the priority impact on the subjective-objective indicator of population health, the implementation of the population strategy will probably not be enough. Taking into consideration the obtained regularities of the growth of negative attitudes towards their health among women, especially in groups with the presence of coronary heart disease, along with the population strategy, it would be optimal to use a high-risk strategy.
Effect of mesenchymal stem cells cultivation with erythropoietin on their morphofunctional properties
Authors: Lykov A. P. , Khevor M. , Surovtseva M. A. , Bondarenko N. A. , Kim I. I. , Poveshchenko O. V.
Published: February 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as a promising tool for the treatment of inflammatory and degenerative diseases, but their effectiveness is associated with the survival of cells in an unfavorable microenvironment. Erythropoietin exhibits an anti-apoptotic effect for non-hematopoietic cells of the human and animal body. The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphofunctional properties of MSCs cultured with erythropoietin. Material and methods. MSCs were obtained from bone marrow aspirate of patients with chronic heart failure. The primary culture of MSCs-EPO was obtained by growth MSCs of the 4th passage for 7-8 days with erythropoietin at a dose of 33 IU/mL. The phenotype, differentiation in the adipogenic and osteogenic directions, proliferation, migration, and production of nitric oxide of MSCs were studied. Results and discussion. The study revealed that the cultivation of MSCs with erythropoietin contributes to an increase in the expression of the main surface molecules that characterize the cells belonging to true MSCs, possess to differentiated of MSCs into adipocytes and osteoblasts, a change in the expression levels of adhesion molecules, a decrease in the level of apoptosis, increased cell migration during the induction of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia. Conclusion. Cultivation of MSCs with erythropoietin increases the resistance of cells to adverse microenvironment factors.
Apolipoprotein A-I increases the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver of mice with BCG-induced tuberculosis inflammation
Authors: Polyakov L. M. , Knyasev R. A. , Kotova M. V. , Russkikh G. S. , Soloveva E. I. , Ryabchenko A. V.
Published: February 2022

This work shows the ability of apolipoprotein A-I to influence the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver of mice in a model of BCG-induced tuberculous inflammation. The aim of the investigation was to study the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver of mice using a model of BCG-induced tuberculous inflammation after intravenous administration of apolipoprotein A-I. Material and methods. The studies were performed on male CBA mice weighing 20-22 g. Disseminated tuberculous inflammation was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 mg of BCG vaccine. The activity of lysosomal glycosidases was assessed spectrofluorimetrically by the content of hydrolysis products of the corresponding fluorogenic substrates. Results. Tuberculous inflammation led to a pronounced decrease in the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver. Thus, β-galactosidase was decreased 2.3 times, β-glucosidase – 2.8 times, β-glucuronidase – 2.5 times compared with healthy animals. Intravenous injection of apolipoprotein A-I to animals against the background of BCG infection prevented a significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of glycosidases and these values practically did not differ from the control values. Conclusions. Enzymatic activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the group of mice with intravenous administration of apolipoprotein A-I against the background of BCG infection was 1.5–2 times higher than the corresponding indicators in the group of animals with BCG-infection without administration of apolipoprotein A-I, i.e. without treatment.
Morphometric indicators of the precentral gyrus of the large brain in boys and girls
Authors: Balandin V. A. , Zheleznov L. M. , Balandina I. A.
Published: February 2022

The morphology of the precentral gyrus is of particular interest because it is the origin of the pyramidal pathway responsible for voluntary movements. The aim of the study was to determine the width of the precentral gyrus, the thickness of the cerebral cortex in it and X-ray density of neurons in young boys and girls according to X-ray computed tomographic examination.Material and methods.35 male and 37 female with mesocephalic sculls aged 18 to 20 years old with predominance of the right hand and no pathology of the nervous system organs in the anamnesis were examined.Results.The maximal value of the precentral gyrus width was found at the point located above the superior temporal gyrus. Values were lower (p < 0.01) at the point located at the level of the middle frontal gyrus. The smallest precentral gyrus width was found at a point above the cingulate gyrus (p < 0.01). When comparing the indices in each point, there is a tendency for them to be slightly more prevalent in the left hemisphere than in the right. There is a tendency to nonsignificant prevalence in boys compared to girls (p > 0.05). Parameters of cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus in the studied points did not differ statistically significantly, but there was a tendency to their insignificant predominance in the left hemisphere compared to the right, as well as in boys compared to girls (p > 0.05). Values of the X-ray neuron density in the compared points of the precentral gyrus in both hemispheres did not differ statistically significantly for boys and girls.Conclusions.The established results will serve as the initial data as a criterion of age-specific morphological norm in young mesocephals with predominance of the right hand, which is highly demanded in the personalized approach in medical practice. These results can also be used in prospective clinical and basic research.
Precipitação e Eventos Extremos na Bacia do Rio Paraíba do Sul: Uma Revisão Teórica
Authors: Santana Gildo Rafael de Almeida , De Oliveira Vicente de Paulo Santos , Junior Jader Lugon , Silva Maria Gertrudes Alvarez Justi da , Santos Eliane Barbosa
Published: February 2022

O entendimento do comportamento da precipitação e seus extremos torna-se cada vez mais imprescindível. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma revisão teórica sobre estes aspetos na bacia do rio Paraíba do Sul, englobando os principais sistemas atmosféricos que atuam na região, assim como os impactos causados pela ocorrência dos seus extremos. De forma geral, destaca-se a importância de estudos com um maior aprofundamento no entendimento da variabilidade climática e eventos extremos na bacia do rio Paraíba do Sul, de modo a contribuir no planejamento ambiental e gestão dos recursos hídricos.
Levantamento das abordagens de modelagem matemática ou modelagem computacional para o estudo e avaliação de mitigação de inundações em áreas urbanas
Authors: Carneiro Rangel Larissa , Lugon Junior Jader , Rambaldi Telles Wagner , Vasconcelos Silva Simone , José da Silva Neto Antônio
Published: February 2022

As inundações têm sua causa ligada à urbanização desordenada e à falta de sistemas de drenagem adequados, que geram alterações no escoamento superficial. As técnicas mitigatórias de inundações têm sido uma forma de amenizar o problema, e o estudo de implantação dessas técnicas torna-se relevante para a escolha das medidas mais eficientes para cada situação. O uso de modelos hidrológicos matemáticos e computacionais ajuda nessa análise, sendo possível simular em diferentes cenários a implementação dessas técnicas. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um breve histórico da modelagem hidrológica e os principais conceitos na temática de mitigação de inundações, além de uma revisão sistemática que responda à seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como são avaliadas com ferramentas de modelagem matemática ou computacional as propostas de mitigação de inundações em áreas urbanas? A revisão sistemática aponta para a lacuna existente, isto é, a necessidade de mais estudos nessa temática, visto que os estudos analisados, em sua maioria, não geram como resultado uma ferramenta computacional capaz de auxiliar no processo de decisão das técnicas a serem utilizadas.
Barra de cereais com adição de farinha de resíduos de rabanete: caracterização físico-química e sensorial entre crianças
Authors: Andrade Larissa Gabriela da Silva , Almeida Tainá da Silva Fleming de , Santos Elisvânia Freitas dos , Novello Daiana
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a aceitabilidade sensorial de barra de cereais adicionada de diferentes níveis de Farinha de Resíduos de Rabanete (FRR). Também, determinar a composição físico-química da formulação padrão e daquela contendo maior teor de FRR com aceitação semelhante ao padrão. Foram elaboradas 5 formulações de barra de cereais: F1 (0% de FRR) e as demais adicionadas de 2,5% (F2), 5% (F3), 7,5% (F4) e 10% (F5) de FRR. Participaram da avaliação sensorial 68 julgadores não treinados de 7 a 10 anos. Maiores notas (p<0,05) foram verificadas para as amostras F1, F2 e F3 em todos os atributos e para a aceitação global e intenção de compra, já F4 e F5 foram as menos aceitas. F3 foi a amostra com maior teor de FRR e aceitação sensorial similar ao padrão em todas as avaliações. Maiores teores de umidade, cinzas, proteína, lipídio e fibras e menores de carboidrato e calorias foram verificados em F3 (p<0,05). Conclui-se que um nível de adição de até 5% de FRR em barra de cereais melhora o perfil nutricional do produto. Além disso, apresenta aceitabilidade semelhante ao produto padrão, com boas expectativas de comercialização.