bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kegiatan Ice Breaking Dalam Meningkatkan Fokus Belajar Anak Usia Dini
Authors: . Nadila Adiansa , . Retno Wulandari , . Fahmi
Published: December 2023

The study aims to illustrate how important ice breaking activities are in a teaching and learning process. A teacher is not only skilled in delivering learning material, but also must be able to cope when students feel bored with ice breaking activities. In this study using the literature review research method which obtains data or information from relevant previous research such as from journals, books and others, which is then managed and analyzed. The results of this research based on information and data from various journals and books show that ice breaking activities can overcome boredom and loss of focus in early childhood during the learning process. The conclusion of this study with ice breaking activities will help teachers to arouse children's passion in learning and help children to refocus when learning.
Bell’s Palsy Presented in the Course of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: BÜYÜK Ferda , ŞAHİNGÖZ BAKIRCI Esra , DEMİR KARAKILIÇ Gülseren
Published: December 2023

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) that can cause a broad spectrum of symptoms, from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure. Although the virus mainly affects the respiratory system, it is also known to affect many other systems. Myalgia, hyposmia, anosmia, and Guillain-Barre Syndrome are the most common manifestations due to the peripheral nervous system being affected by the virus. Bell's palsy is a unilateral and sudden facial nerve paralysis. Viral infections are most frequently blamed for etiopathogenesis. Bell palsy due to COVID-19 infection has been reported in the literature as a rare complication. In this case, we wanted to emphasize that Bell's palsy should be kept in mind among the neurological complications that may develop due to COVID-in in a patient who developed Bell's palsy after being diagnosed with COVID-19.
KONTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN PEREMPUAN DALAM MENURUNKAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN: BUKTI DATA PANEL DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Amri Khairul , Fitri Cut Dian , Ikhsan Ikhsan , Sani Sri Rosmiati
Published: December 2023

This research aims to analyze the effect of women's income on poverty levels. Using panel data from city districts in Riau province during the 2011-2022 period, the analysis model used is panel regression with a fixed effect approach. This research reveals that women's income contributions to the family can significantly reduce poverty levels. The greater the contribution of women's income to total family income, the lower the poverty level. On the other hand, a decrease in women's income contribution results in an increase in poverty levels. These findings have implications that regional government efforts to reduce poverty levels in Riau province can be carried out through policy interventions related to increasing women's income, especially married women. Therefore, increasing women's participation in income-generating programs can be one of the strategic policies that should be considered in efforts to reduce the poverty rate.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan perempuan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Menggunakan data panel kabupaten kota di provinsi Riau selama periode 2011-2022, model analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi panel pendekatan fixed effect. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa sumbangan pendapatan perempuan dalam keluarga secara signifikan dapat menurunkan tingkat kemiskinan. Semakin besar kontribusi pendapatan perempuan terhadap total pendapatan keluarga, semakin rendah tingkat kemiskinan. Sebaliknya, penurunan kontribusi pendapatan perempuan berdampak pada peningkatan tingkat kemiskinan. Temuan ini berimplikasi bahwa upaya pemerintah daerah dalam menurunkan tingkat kemiskinan di provinsi Riau dapat dilakukan melalui intervensi kebijakan yang berhubungan peningkatan pendapatan perempuan, terutama perempuan menikah. Karena itu, peningkatan partisipasi perempuan dalam income generating program dapat menjadi salah satu kebijakan strategis yang seharusnya dipertimbangkan bagi upaya penurunan tingkat kemiskinan.
MODEL RUMAH DIGITAL BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER ATMEGA 328P
Authors: Hermawan Rian
Published: December 2023

The vulnerability of homeowners is a significant factor in various criminal activities, such as forgetting to lock doors or leaving the house with lights off. Therefore, it is necessary to design a digital home that allows homeowners to control their homes remotely. This research aims to build and enhance a smart home, which has been previously studied. Through this development, the smart home transforms into a digital home by adding several features. The features include Home Door Security, Home Temperature Monitoring, and Home Appliance Control via SMS. The digital home is expected to be beneficial in preventing crimes and addressing negligence-related incidents. By providing access codes to unlock doors, it helps prevent unauthorized entry, enhancing home security. Additionally, it addresses safety concerns related to negligence, such as electrical short circuits or gas leaks that may lead to fires. The digital home can provide immediate assistance by reacting to abnormal temperatures detected by sensors, activating fans to normalize the temperature. If the temperature remains above the specified limit, a danger alarm will sound, indicating an issue inside the house. Another function is the ability to control home appliances remotely via text messages (SMS) when the homeowner is away.
Umbilical Cord Care Knowledge and Practice among Sample of Kurdish Women
Authors: Saadi Hanaa Othman , Sdeeq Hoger Sabbah , Hussein Mhabad Muhammad , Blbas Hazhar Talaat , Qadir Kaify , Muhammed Sima Muhsin
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Background: The mother's awareness and practices regarding cord care are crucial to the survival of the newborn. It's because infections after birth most commonly enter through the cord stump. Practices for clean cord care aid in the prevention of infections, which lowers infant morbidity and mortality.
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practices regarding newborn umbilical cord care among Kurdish mothers.
Method: A descriptive study was carried out on 202 mothers at mala Fandi primary healthcare centre during middle year of 2023. data were collected through face-to-face questionnaire interviews. It consists of socio-demographic characteristics, the knowledge, and practices about cord care. Data were analysed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 23.0. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were done.
Results: Out of 202 mothers (70.2%) of the mothers have a good knowledge about cord care and majority of the mothers (89.1%) have cleaned the umbilical cord stump of the baby and (40.6%) using the techniques named clean cord base and surrounding skin at the same time. Most of the mothers do not use any traditional substance (79.2%) while most of the learned about umbilical cord care by their parents (50%). age, Occupation, Level of education, type of family and residential area were influential factors with knowledge regarding cord care.
Conclusion: most of mothers had good knowledge and proper practice about cord care. Also, majority of mothers got information from parents and relatives.
An analysis of the effects of the pandemic regarding teaching staff
Authors: Călin Mariana Floricica , Sandu Mihaela Luminița , Zbenghea Alina
Published: December 2023

2019 was a challenging and unpredictable year. The people's health was threatened by an invisible enemy, which caused chaos among the citizens who were tried by doubtful and contradictory feelings. China was the first country to combat this unseen virus, imposing rigorous measures to control this pathogen's spread. The outbreak of this pandemic occurred in Wuhan (the most populated city in the center of China) on December 12th, 2019. The first sign of the pandemic was a type of pneumonia, appearing due to unknown causes, to which existing treatments have not proven effective. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared that the coronavirus outbreak had become a pandemic..
Emotional intelligence among teenagers. Comparative study
Authors: Năstase Andrei Valentin , Sandu Mihaela Luminița
Published: December 2023

Emotional intelligence is a psychological concept with a particular importance for each of us, and studies on this topic have gained considerable momentum. However, studies that aimed at identifying differences between males and females are contradictory. This paper aims to see if there are differences between genders regarding emotional intelligence. A sample of 60 adolescents between the ages of 16 and 20 was studied. The results, like most in the literature, showed that there was no difference between genders regarding emotional intelligence. Finally, we discussed possible explanations, conclusions, and future research directions.
Exploring the General Knowledge of Islamic Finance Principles: A Factor Analysis Study Among College Students
Authors: Lelis Christhoffer , Muega Neil Patrick S. , Caballero II Jose Karlo T.
Published: December 2023

This study explored the foundational constructs of general knowledge concerning the principles of Islamic Finance, with a specific focus on college students majoring in Business, Finance, and Accountancy. Employing a combination of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the research identified and validated three distinct factors shaping this knowledge domain. The first factor, named "Risk Tolerance and Permissible Transactions," looks at how well students understand financial risk and which transactions are allowed in Islamic finance. The second, "Shari'ah Foundation and Transparency," highlights the importance of Shari'ah principles and transparency in financial dealings. The third, "Riba Prohibition and Ethical Finance," strongly emphasizes the ban on Riba (interest) and unethical financial practices in Islamic finance. These factor names were chosen carefully to represent the main ideas in each category. Overall, this research contributes by creating a validated objective knowledge scale for Islamic Finance knowledge among students in Business, Finance, and Accountancy programs.

Keywords: Islamic Finance, Knowledge Assessment, Factor Analysis, College Students, Financial Literacy
Rethinking the Role of Shona Cultural Games and Activities in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics at ECD Level in a Selected District in Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Tarashika Mashamba , Jairo Gonye
Published: December 2023

The qualitative study explored the role of Shona cultural games and activities in the teaching and learning of mathematics at ECD level in a selected district in Manical and Province, Zimbabwe. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was done to ten purposively sampled research participants. The questionnaire with qualitative questions and semi-structured in-depth interviews were used for data collection. The cultural games that participants used included arauru or pada, the play button game, Playing house (mamhuza) Tsoro or draft zairakaora, Nhodo /inota, sarurawako help learners to learn the concepts of balancing, mass and weight; observation, concentration, adding and subtraction in mathematics. Cultural activities which the respondents included making brushes/brooms using grass or reed (tsanga) pot making using clay, making fire places using mud or stones, Winnowing, to teach sets, shapes, area and direction. The study recommends that ECD caregivers should continue engaging pupils to participate in cultural games such as ‘nhodo’,’pada’, ‘mahumbwe’ and many other cultural activities that are found within their cultural context, with the norms and values of their society, which develop the holistic child. There is also need for teachers to make mathematics more relevant by linking it with activities familiar to the students so that they become motivated to do the subject. Teachers need to move away from the chalk and talk way of teaching mathematics and try to involve the learners as much as possible, informed about the research results, which show the existence of mathematical ideas in different cultures.
Emotional Language Processing in Bilingualism: Subjective Affect and Prosodic Markers in Simultaneous Interpreting
Authors: Kumcu Alper
Published: December 2023

Emotion, as part of the overall sensorimotor, introspective, and affective system, is an essential part of language comprehension within the framework of embodied semantics. As emotional state influences semantic and syntactic processing, emotional language processing has been shown to modulate mood as well. The reciprocal relationship between language and emotion has also been informative in bilingualism. Here we take a relatively underresearched type of bilingual processing, simultaneous interpreting, as a case of extreme bilingualism and investigate the effect of emotional language rendering in the L1 on subjective affect and prosodic markers of L2 output. 18 trainee interpreters were asked to simultaneously interpret three speeches in Turkish that varied in emotionality, valence (negative, neutral, and positive), and difficulty in English. Responses to emotional language processing were analysed based on participants’ self-reported positive and negative affect using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and three prosodic parameters (intensity, pitch, and fluency). Results showed that interpreting emotionally negative speech increased negative affect, whereas interpreting emotionally positive speech did not modify positive affect. Intensity generally reflected cognitive load. Pitch and fluency, in particular, were more sensitive to changes in the valence of the source speech.
A Pairing-free Provable Secure and Efficient Identity-based Identification Scheme with Anonymity
Authors: Kannan R. , Chin, J. J. , Goh V. T. , Yip S. C.
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we propose a Blind Identity-Based Identification (Blind IBI) scheme based on the Guillou-Quisquater (GQ) scheme. Our proposed scheme combines the benefits of traditional Identity-Based Identification (IBI) schemes that can authenticate a user's identity without relying on a trusted third party with the Blind Signature (BS) scheme that provides anonymity. As a result, the proposed scheme assures absolute user privacy during the authentication process. It does not rely on a third party, yet the verifier can still be assured of the user's identity without the user actually revealing it. In our work, we show that the proposed scheme is provably secure under the random oracle model, with the assumption that the one-more-RSA-inversion problem is difficult. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme is secure against passive, active, and concurrent impersonation attacks. In conclusion, the proposed scheme is able to achieve the desired blindness property without compromising the security of the GQ-IBI scheme it is based upon.
Свойства мелкозернистых самоуплотняющихся бетонов с добавкой полимера
Authors: Дворкин Леонид , Бордюженко Олег , Макаренко Руслан
Published: December 2023

Наведено результати досліджень властивостей самоущільнювальних дрібнозернистих бетонів з використанням поліфункціонального модифікатора. Показано, що при оптимальному складі та вмісті такого модифікатора, що включає в себе полівінілацетатну дисперсію та суперпластифікатор, стає можливим суттєво покращити властивості самоущільнювальних бетонів.
Системный метод использования векторов и матриц при строительстве объектов
Authors: Корнило Ирина , Гнип Ольга
Published: December 2023

У статті розглядається метод використання векторів і матриць при будівництві об'єктів при виробленні управлінських
рішень. Основним джерелом інформації прийнята матриця цінностей.
La investigación en Geografía a través de los proyectos aprobados y financiados por la UNCUYO, 1997-2022
Authors: Robledo Silvia
Published: December 2023

Recuperar la memoria a partir de revisar el camino recorrido es una práctica que contribuye a fortalecer la historia de las instituciones y de las disciplinas. En este caso se propone indagar sobre los últimos 25 años de la investigación geográfica en el marco de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras a través de los proyectos aprobados y financiados por la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Al cumplirse 75 años del surgimiento de la Geografía en Cuyo, se estima oportuno revisar la senda recorrida y caracterizarla. Un modo de reflejar el itinerario del pensamiento geográfico en nuestro medio es analizar la producción académico-científica a través de los proyectos de investigación que la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo ha evaluado. Esto permite valorar el pasado y proyectarnos hacia el futuro.Surgen algunos interrogantes: ¿Qué lugar ocupan las propuestas geográficas en las convocatorias? ¿En estos 25 años, ¿se han mantenido las temáticas, la escala geográfica, las metodologías?Con el fin de acercar algunas respuestas, se presenta este aporte.
Historia ambiental de la reserva natural Bahía San Blas: entre el saqueo y la conservación
Authors: Speake María Ángeles
Published: December 2023

La Reserva Natural de Uso Múltiple Bahía San Blas es considerada un área de gran relevancia para la conservación de la biodiversidad marina de Argentina. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar su historia ambiental en relación a la explotación de los bienes costero-marinos y caracterizar la relación sociedad/naturaleza en esta reserva en los últimos años. Los resultados permiten concluir que hasta la actualidad en Bahía San Blas rige una explotación de la naturaleza irracional, con una mentalidad de tipo utilitaria y predatoria. La sobreexplotación de diversas especies costero-marinas (pinnípedos, condrictios, entre otros) en el devenir histórico ha resultado en un significativo deterioro de estas poblaciones. El modelo de saqueo de bienes y servicios ambientales, motivado por la rentabilidad económica cortoplacista, necesariamente debe virar hacia un modelo ecocéntrico, que comprenda y valore la complejidad del ambiente y reconozca a la naturaleza como sujeto de derechos. La gestión sostenible de la zona litoral bajo estudio no puede sostenerse con la mera declaratoria de área protegida, sino que apela a un profundo cuestionamiento al modelo de desarrollo vigente.
Responsabilidades frente al riesgo de incendios de interfase y su prevención en la Comarca Andina del Paralelo 42, Patagonia Argentina
Authors: Lobba Araujo Juan
Published: December 2023

El riesgo de desastres por incendios de interfase en la Comarca Andina del Paralelo 42° se sitúa como un problema ambiental central para los municipios, instituciones provinciales, nacionales y la población en general. Incendios cada vez más frecuentes generan ingentes pérdidas y muestran grandes dificultades a la hora de su gestión y prevención. En este marco, las responsabilidades sobre los incendios son puestas en debate cada vez que se genera un escenario de emergencia o desastre. En este trabajo, se parte de la teoría social del riesgo para comprender que los desastres ambientales son parte de un proceso que involucra dos elementos solo separados teóricamente: la percepción sobre una situación riesgosa, y la creación y re-creación material de condiciones de peligro y vulnerabilidad. Utilizando el incendio del 9 de marzo de 2021 como ejemplo, se muestra que fueron principalmente las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de la población las que determinaron los daños desigualmente sufridos. Articulado a esto, se analizan tres campañas de prevención diseñadas por instituciones estatales -cuya función es el manejo de incendios en la Comarca- y se observa de qué modo interpretan este riesgo al diseñar sus estrategias de gestión. El objetivo es desentrañar el mensaje, narrativa, y sujetos sociales a los que se dirigen tales campañas. Se busca comprender los modos en que es orientada la prevención y construidos los sentidos de responsabilidad en torno a este riesgo. Fueron analizados para este trabajo folletos, infografías, historietas, manuales de campañas que circulan en redes, cartelería, normativas, notas periodísticas, también se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a funcionarios y afectados directos e indirectos por los incendios. Del análisis se desprende que las campañas de prevención estatal se orientan principalmente a sujetos individuales, sean estos visitantes, pobladores rurales o nuevos habitantes de la interfase. De este modo, acotan el riesgo a su causa de ignición y condiciones de peligro. Por último, a modo de cierre, expongo algunas reflexiones y posibles líneas de abordaje frente a esta problemática, que implicaría intervenciones a escalas de paisaje, planificación de las formas de urbanizar, garantía de derechos y servicios básicos para poblaciones vulnerables.
Procesos de diferenciación social en la horticultura de Mendoza en las últimas tres décadas
Authors: Carballo Oscar
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo indaga en los procesos de diferenciación social de los productores hortícolas de Mendoza en las últimas tres décadas. Para ello recurrimos a diferentes enfoques teóricos sobre diferenciación social que abarcan una combinación de lógicas económicas, demográficas y sociales. El trabajo se basa en una aproximación cualitativa, combinada con técnicas de análisis estadístico. Como resultados destacamos una importante concentración y crecimiento de empresas vinculadas a la exportación y nuevas agroindustrias. Pero también un sector dedicado a la provisión de alimentos de cercanías con un menor impacto del proceso de concentración, pero aquejado por la externalización del proceso de trabajo. Sin embargo, las tendenciasa la concentración y la desaparición de explotaciones se solapan con procesos que en ocasiones van en sentido opuesto.
Towards Smart Sanitation: A Comprehensive Survey of IoT, AI, and ML in Public Toilet Management
Authors: Palve Priyanka Barikrao  , Prof. S. P. Vidhate
Published: December 2023

This research paper presents a comprehensive review of literature surveys about the implementation of diverse technological approaches, including the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML), in the domain of public toilet monitoring systems. The study investigates the current landscape of monitoring technologies applied to public toilets, aiming to identify trends, challenges, and opportunities associated with each technique. Through an in-depth analysis of various literature surveys, the paper synthesizes the state-of-the-art advancements in IoT, AI, and ML as applied to public toilets, offering a nuanced understanding of the potential impact on hygiene maintenance, resource optimization, and real-time monitoring. The findings of this review contribute valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of public toilet facilities.
Aortic Dissection Presenting as Acute Ischaemic Stroke and Thrombolysed: A Case Series
Authors: Verma Ankur , Jaiswal Sanjay , Batra Amit , Khatai Abbas Ali , Prasad Nilesh , Khard Saumya , Sarda Shivani
Published: December 2023

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) masquerading as ischaemic stroke can be a challenging diagnosis for clinicians and can pose complications for the patient. Type A dissections extending into the vessels of the brain and neck can cause cerebral hypoperfusion leading to strokes or stroke-like symptoms. Thrombolysis of ischaemic strokes caused due to aortic dissection can be catastrophic for the patient. We present a series of two cases of aortic dissection presenting as strokes which were thrombolysed and underwent surgical intervention for dissection but did not suffer catastrophic complications. We do not recommend to rule out dissection in acute stroke patients before thrombolysis.
Gênero, colonialidade e o entre-lugar em Pão de Açúcar, de Afonso Reis Cabral
Authors: De Almeida João Pedro da Cunha
Published: December 2023

O artigo oferece uma perspectiva sobre as representações de gênero ligadas à masculinidade e marginalidade dentro do romance Pão de Açúcar (2018), que trata da ficcionalização de um crime de ódio ocorrido em Portugal-2006. Naquele ano, Gisberta Salce Júnior, mulher trans brasileira, foi assassinada por um grupo de adolescentes infratores nas ruínas de uma rede de supermercados. Objetiva-se compreender as representações dos sujeitos ex-cêntricos na obra e o olhar colonial do narrador acerca da personagem Gisberta, através do arcabouço teórico de Stuart Hall (2016), Pierre Bourdieu (2002), Foucault (2013), Berenice Bento (2015), dentre outros.
Educación, memoria y democracia: la producción de materiales educativos estatales a propósito de los 40 años de democracia
Authors: Adamoli María Celeste
Published: December 2023

Los 40 años de democracia ininterrumpida en Argentina resultan una oportunidad para reflexionar sobre diferentes aspectos de la vida democrática. En este artículo proponemos compartir algunas ideas sobre la educación, la memoria y la democracia. Para esto, compartiremos algunas coordenadas para pensar este ciclo político y, posteriormente, avanzaremos con el vínculo entre escuela y memoria. Además, haremos foco en el rol del Estado y la pedagogía de la memoria como política pública, para luego observar ciertos materiales educativos que permiten visibilizar el despliegue de acciones de educación y de memoria que se inscribieron en un marco de construcción de la memoria colectiva en Argentina a partir del 2005, hasta el 2015, y que volvieron a tener un lugar destacado desde el 2019 hasta la actualidad. El artículo propone pensar cómo estas publicaciones materializan una experiencia educativa democratizante, inscribiéndose en el contexto de otras políticas estatales y educativas de ampliación de derechos y construyeron memorias colectivas.
Antimicrobial Prescription Habits among Community Pharmacists and Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors in Nigeria: A Rational Use of Drugs Survey
Authors: ADDA Danjuma Kamlen , JOHN Obed Tiwah , Toge Prof. Barnabas , OCHU Dr. Chinwe , OKWOR Dr. Tochi , EGWUENU Dr. Abiodun , YAHAYA Dr. Ridwan , KAHWIR Oscar Facknwie , SALEH Dr. Fatima , SALEH Dr. Fatima , SIKIRU Dr Badaru , ANDE Rijimra , UMARU Mohammed , JOHN Joyce C. , BANTAR Helmina
Published: December 2023

Introduction Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) poses a global health threat, exacerbated by the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials. The need to investigate knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Community Pharmacists (CPs) and Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors (PPMVs) in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. This study addresses the gaps in understanding antimicrobial dispensing practices among CPs and PPMVs in Nigeria. Materials/Methods A Community-based Antimicrobial Stewardship survey was conducted across five Nigerian states. A total of 384 PPMVs and 135 CPs were interviewed using a well-structured questionnaire covering demographic information, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antimicrobial use. The survey utilized descriptive statistics, and the data were analyzed to identify strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities in addressing AMR. Results The study revealed inadequate knowledge regarding AMR among both PPMVs and CPs. Despite educational backgrounds, a significant proportion believed antibiotics were the best treatment for fever and diarrhea. Dispensing practices included selling antibiotics without prescriptions and, in some cases, dispensing medicines by proxy. The Safety Net Protocol, involving patient education and follow-up, was often neglected by both PPMVs and CPs. Conclusion The findings underscore the importance of enhancing knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antimicrobial prescription among PPMVs and CPs in Nigeria. Regulatory authorities should enforce strict guidelines to curb non-prescription antibiotic sales. Patient education and follow-up initiatives should be prioritized to mitigate AMR risks. In order to develop strategies to improve antimicrobial dispensing practices we recommend the following: AMR education for PPMVs and CPs, Enforce rules to prevent antibiotic sales without prescriptions through regulatory compliance, public awareness on antibiotic risks and prescription importance, implement Safety Net Protocol for post-purchase education to prevent antibiotic misuse and provision of ongoing professional development for PPMVs and CPs with updated practices that will sustain learning.
ANCILLA THEOLOGIAE: HUBUNGAN, KONTRIBUSI, DAN TANTANGAN BAGI KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT KRISTEN DI ERA GLOBAL
Authors: GP Harianto
Published: December 2023

Abstrack: Pemikiran masa depan masyarakat Kristen dapat dilihat dari beberapa perspektif, seperti pemikiran teologi, misi Kristen, Pendidikan atau isu-isu sosial. Penelitian ini menjawab pertanyaan: Bagaimanakah Hubungan, Kontribusi, dan Tantangan Ancilla Theologiae bagi Kehidupan Masyarakat Kristen di Era Global? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan dengan hasil: (1) Filsafat tunduk kepada teologi  dan menjadi pelayan teologi, yang membawa: kekayaan teologi, memperindah penyampaian teologi, dan sebagai kerangka berpikir teologi.  (2)  Hubungan filsafat dan teologi: (a) Filsafat bertanggung jawab pada pengalaman dan alasan demonstratif. (b) Dengan demikian maka metode filsafat bersumber dari kehidupan dunia sedangan teologi berlanjut pada hasil tafsiran Alkitab, yang menekankan pada nilai-nilai surgawi. (c) Filsafat menggambar kajian frame ilmu yang diisi oleh nilai-nilai teologi berdasarkan dari Alkitab sebagai pedoman untuk mengenal Allah dan melayani Allah, yang berbicara mengenai nilai-nilai dunia yang bertujuan mencapai nilai-nilai kekekalan di surga.  (3) Kontribusi Ancilla Theologiae dalam Pengembangan Pemikiran Masyarakat Kristen di era global: (a) filsafat dapat membantu memperkaya teologi, memberikan kerangka pemikiran teologis, dan membuat konsep teologis lebih mudah dipahami.  (b) prinsip Ancilla Theologiae dapat membantu orang Kristen menavigasi ide-ide baru ini dan memahami bagaimana mereka berhubungan dengan iman mereka.  (c) Filsafat berguna sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan teologi. (d) Filsafat sebagai alat untuk memahami teologi dan menggunakan filsafat untuk memperkaya konsep-konsep teologi. (4) Tantangan Ancilla Theologiae sebagai Proses Pengembangan Pemikiran masyarakat Kristen di era global: misi Allah, dampak global, konflik sosial, dan dampak perkembangan teknologi digital yang semakin canggih.
O PAPEL DO FARMACÊUTICO NA ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA EM FARMÁCIA COMERCIAL
Authors: Salgado Paloma Almeida , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a importância do bom desempenho das habilidades específicas de um farmacêutico no cuidado e atenção terapêutica, que objetiva garantir a efetividade do tratamento medicamentoso através da acolhida e orientação na conduta do tratamento. Para isso foi feita uma análise de literatura científica e foram efetuadas buscas em bancos de dados da Scientific Eletronic Library (SciELO), nos sítios eletrônicos do Conselho Federal de Farmácia(CFF) e da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), artigos pertinentes ao assunto publicados no período de 2004 a 2023. Sua busca em conduzir o usuário a desenvolver o tratamento de forma adequada visa poder reduzir a necessidade do uso de medicamentos evitando, assim, os efeitos adversos do tratamento farmacológico e reduzindo o custo do tratamento para o paciente e para as instituições de saúde.
Contribution of physical processes to variability of dissolved silicate in the Labrador Sea between 1980 and 2015
Authors: Dale Alizée , Gehlen Marion , Wallace Douglas W. R. , Bénard Germain , Éthé Christian , Alekseenko Elena
Published: December 2023

Abstract. We use output of an eddy-permitting biogeochemical ocean general circulation model to investigate the drivers of the observed decline in the pre-bloom inventory of dissolved silicate (DSi) and its InterAnnual Variability (IAV) over the period 1980–2015. Specifically, the relative impacts of an abrupt decrease in Deep Winter Convection (DWC) and changes in Arctic inflow on DSi concentrations at the regional scale are examined. The IAV of the upper layer DSi inventory covaries with both the Arctic inflow and DWC, however, the pre-bloom decline seems driven primarily by the DWC and associated winter vertical mixing, while the contribution of Arctic inflow is negligible. Our study suggests that the inventory responds to natural decadal variability which is influenced by two major climate modes, the North Atlantic and the Arctic Oscillations, with the former appearing to be the main control.
Extent, duration and timing of the sea ice cover in Hornsund, Svalbard in 2014–2023
Authors: Swirad Zuzanna M. , Johansson A. Malin , Malnes Eirik
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The Sentinel-1A/B synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery archive between 14 October 2014 and 29 June 2023 was used in combination with a segmentation algorithm to create a series of binary ice/open water maps of Hornsund fjord, Svalbard at 50 m resolution for nine seasons (2014/15 to 2022/23). The near-daily (1.57 day mean temporal resolution) maps were used to calculate sea ice coverage for the entire fjord and its parts: the main basin and three major bays: Burgerbukta, Brepollen and Samarinvågen. The average length of the sea ice season was 158 days (range: 105–246 days). Drift ice first arrived from the south-west between October and March and the fast ice onset was on average 24 days later. The fast ice typically disappeared in June, around 20 days after the last day with drift ice. The average sea ice coverage over the sea ice season was 41 % (range: 23–56 %), but it was lower in the main basin (27 %) compared to the bays (63 %). Of the bays, Samarinvågen had the highest sea ice coverage (69 %) likely due to the location in southern Hornsund protected from the incoming wind-generated waves and a narrow opening. Seasonally, the highest sea ice coverage was observed in April for the entire fjord and the bays, and in March for the main basin. The highest sea ice coverage characterised 2019/20, 2021/22 and 2014/15, which were also the seasons with the largest number of negative air temperature days in October – December. The season 2019/20 was characterised by the lowest mean daily and monthly air temperatures. We observed a remarkable inter-annual variability in the sea ice coverage but at the nine-season scale we did not record any gradual trend of decreasing sea ice coverage. These high-resolution data can be used to e.g., better understand the spatio-temporal trends in the sea ice distribution in Hornsund, facilitate comparison between Svalbard fjords and improve modelling of nearshore wind wave transformation and coastal erosion.
Atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements at a single height provide weak constraint on surface carbon exchange
Authors: Faassen Kim A. P. , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano Jordi , González-Armas Raquel , Heusinkveld Bert G. , Mammarella Ivan , Peters Wouter , Luijkx Ingrid T.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The ratios of atmospheric tracers are often used to interpret the local CO2 budget, where measurements at a single height are assumed to represent local flux signatures. Alternatively, these signatures can be derived from direct flux measurements or using fluxes derived from measurements at multiple heights. In this study, we contrast interpretation of surface CO2 exchange from tracer ratio measurements at a single height versus measurements at multiple heights. Specifically, we analyse the ratio between atmospheric O2 and CO2 (exchange ratio, ER) above a forest canopy. We consider two alternative approaches: the exchange ratio of the forest (ERforest) obtained from the ratio of the surface fluxes of O2 and CO2, derived from their vertical gradients measured at multiple heights, and the exchange ratio of the atmosphere (ERatmos) obtained from changes in the O2 and CO2 mole fractions over time measured at a single measurement height. We investigate the diurnal cycle of both ER signals, with the goal to relate the ERatmos signal to the ERforest signal and to understand the biophysical meaning of the ERatmos signal. We combined CO2 and O2 measurements from Hyytiälä, Finland during spring and summer of 2018 and 2019 with a conceptual land-atmosphere model and a theoretical relationship between ERatmos and ERforest to investigate the behavior of ERatmos and ERforest during different environmental conditions. We show that the ERatmos signal rarely directly represents the forest exchange, mainly because it is influenced by entrainment of air from the free troposphere into the atmospheric boundary layer. The influence of these larger scale signals leads to very high ERatmos values (even larger than 2), especially in the early morning transition. These high values do not directly represent carbon cycle processes, but are rather a mixture of different signals. We show that the resulting ERatmos signal is not the average of the contributing processes, but rather an indication of the influence of large scale processes such as entrainment or advection. Our findings show that these processes are furthermore influenced by climate conditions, such as the 2018 heatwave, through their dependence on soil moisture and temperature. We conclude that the ERatmos signal obtained from single height measurements rarely directly represents ERforest and therefore only provides a weak constraint on local scale surface CO2 exchange, because large scale processes confound the signal. Single height measurements therefore always require careful selection of the time of day and should be combined with atmospheric modelling to yield a meaningful representation of forest carbon exchange. More generally, we recommend to always measure at multiple heights when using multi-tracer measurements to study surface CO2 exchange.
Retrogression of ultrahigh-pressure eclogite, Western Gneiss Region, Norway
Authors: Spengler Dirk , Włodek Adam , Zhong Xin , Loges Anselm , Cuthbert Simon J.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The Western Gneiss Region (WGR) in western Norway exposes ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) eclogites that occur repeatedly, within an area of high-pressure (HP) eclogites, without evidence of being separated by tectonic shear or ductile flow structures. We studied 10 eclogites from two northern UHP areas and the interjacent HP area to evaluate the significance of this pattern. The orthopyroxene in orthopyroxene-bearing samples has low Al2O3 contents (0.17 wt %–0.37 wt %), provided its grain boundaries were unaffected by partial recrystallisation or replacement. Classical geothermobarometry based on element partitioning between coexisting mineral phases suggests metamorphic conditions within the diamond stability field for the samples from both the HP and UHP areas. The primary clinopyroxene in the associated orthopyroxene-free eclogites contains aligned inclusions of either needle-shaped quartz ± pargasite or lamellar albite, which are absent from the secondary (symplectic) clinopyroxene. Reconstructed mineral compositions of the primary clinopyroxene obtained from grain cross-section surfaces using a scanning electron beam or image processing are non-stoichiometric, and they have higher Ca-Eskola and lower Ca-Tschermak components than the inclusion-bearing host clinopyroxene. The molar ratios of these endmembers are consistent with the needles in the primary clinopyroxene being formed from vacancy-bearing precursor clinopyroxene by the exsolution reaction 2 Ca-Eskola = Ca-Tschermak + 3 quartz during early eclogite-facies retrogression. Further retrogression partially transformed the needle-shaped quartz to irregularly shaped albite within the clinopyroxene and partially transformed both clinopyroxene generations to amphibole that occasionally preserves the needles. The similarity of both the maximum metamorphic conditions and the mineral exsolution microstructures in the eclogites from UHP and HP areas indicates a shared metamorphic history within the stability field of diamond, but a history that diverged during retrogression. Consequently, the alternations of UHP and HP areas in the WGR may have formed by a process that allowed for spatial variations in retrogression efficiency, such as the localisation of strain (recrystallisation) or fluid flow (diffusion) or both, rather than by tectonic stacking of UHP and HP units. Evidence for the UHP metamorphism of WGR crustal rocks is now found from NE to SW along the entire coastal section that covers previously recognised UHP and interjacent areas.
High-resolution physicochemical dataset of atmospheric aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings
Authors: Xu Jianzhong , Zhang Xinghua , Zhao Wenhui , Zhai Lixiang , Zhao Miao , Shi Jinsen , Sun Junying , Liu Yanmei , Xie Conghui , Tan Yulong , Li Kemei , Ge Xinlei , Zhang Qi , Kang Shichang
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surroundings has received widely scientific concern in recent decades owing to its significant impacts on regional climatic and cryospheric changes, ecological and environmental securities, and hydrological cycle. However, our understanding on the atmospheric aerosol in this remote region is highly limited by the scarcely available dataset due to the extremely harsh natural conditions. This condition has been improved in recent decades by constructing a few stable field observatories at typical sites on the TP and its surroundings. A continuous project was carried out since 2015 to investigate the properties and sources of atmospheric aerosols as well as their regional differences in the vast TP regions by performing multiple short-term intensive field observations using a suite of high-resolution online instruments. This paper presents a systematic dataset of the high-time-resolution (hourly scales) aerosol physicochemical and optical properties at eight different sites over the TP and its surroundings from the observation project, including the size-resolved chemical compositions of submicron aerosols, standard high-resolution mass spectra and sources of organic aerosols, size distributions of particle number concentrations, particle light scattering and absorption coefficients, particle light absorptions from different carbonaceous substances of black carbon and brown carbon, and number concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei. In brief, atmospheric aerosols in these remote sites were all well-mixed and highly aged due to their dominated regional transport sources. However, high contributions of carbonaceous organic aerosols, neutralized bulk submicron aerosols, and relatively higher light absorption capability were observed in the southern TP region, whereas secondary inorganic species contributed dominantly to the overall acidic submicron aerosols in the northern TP region. In addition to the insights into the regional differences on aerosol sources and properties in the vast TP regions, the datasets are also useful for the simulation of aerosol radiative forcing and the evaluation of interactions among different components of the Earth system in numerical models. The datasets are available from the National Cryosphere Desert Data Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (https://doi.org/10.12072/ncdc.NIEER.db2200.2022; Xu, 2022).
Variation and attribution of probable maximum precipitation of China using high-resolution dataset in a changing climate
Authors: Xiong Jinghua , Guo Shenglian ,   Abhishek, Yin Jiabo , Xu Chongyu , Wang Jun , Guo Jing
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Accurate assessment of the probable maximum precipitation (PMP) is crucial in assessing the resilience of high-risk water infrastructures, water resource management, and hydrological hazard mitigation. Conventionally, PMP is estimated based on a static climate assumption and is constrained by the insufficient spatial resolution of ground observations, thus neglecting the spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of climate systems. Such assumptions are critical, especially for China, which is highly vulnerable to global warming in the premise of existing ~100,000 reservoirs. Here, we use the finest spatiotemporal resolution (1d & 1 km) precipitation dataset to present the spatial distribution of 1d PMP based on the improved Hershfield method. Current reservoir design values, a quasi-global satellite-based PMP database, and in-situ precipitation are used to benchmark against our results. The 35-year running trend from 1961–1995 to 1980–2014 is quantified and partitioned, followed by future projections using the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6 simulations under two scenarios. We find the national PMP generally decreases from Southeast to Northwest and is typically dominated by the high variability of precipitation extremes in North China and high intensity in South China. Though consistent with previous project design values, our PMP calculations present underestimations by comparing with satellite and in-situ results due to differences in spatial scales and computation methods. Inter-annual variability, instead of the intensification of precipitation extremes, dominates the PMP running trends on a national scale. Climate change, mainly attributed to land-atmosphere coupling effects, leads to the widespread increase (>20 %) of PMP across the country under the SSP126 scenario, which is projected to be higher along with the intensification of CO2 emission. Our observation- and modeling-based results can provide valuable implications for water managers under a changing climate.
IMAGE FEATURE EXTRACTION METHODS FOR STRUCTURE DETECTION FROM UNDERWATER IMAGERY
Authors: Roberts P. , Helmholz P. , Parnum I. , Krishna A.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The use of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for surveying underwater infrastructure presents a potential cost saving in comparison to remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). One of the challenges when processing images of underwater structures captured by an AUV, is that vast number of images captured during the mission usually do not show the structure. For instance, images captured during the dive to the structure or of the sea floor, or of the deep sea facing away from the structure. Too many images captured, without relevant information for a 3D reconstruction of the structure, leads to increased processing time and issues during the reconstruction process. There are two solutions to reduce the images to only images showing the structure. Firstly, only images of the structure are captured in the first place or remove images that are not useful after the capture and before further processing. This study developed and evaluated techniques that would enable the first strategy to be applied in an AUV. To apply this strategy in an AUV, would require an on-board structure detection system to ensure that they are correctly orientated for capturing useful footage during a survey mission. However, the marine environment poses several challenges to image-based object detection. Furthermore, small AUVs have limited power and computational resources available while deployed on a mission. To investigate the suitability of creating a lightweight structure detection model for the purpose of image evaluation, three computationally efficient image feature extraction methods (colour moments, local binary patterns (LBP), and Haar wavelet decomposition) were evaluated for their ability to distinguish underwater structures from background areas using unsupervised k-means models. LBP was found to be an effective method for identifying underwater structures in open water conditions. For identifying a structure against the seabed, colour moments were identified as the most effective method.