bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redescription of the sea urchin Eucidaris thouarsii (Cidaroida: Cidaridae) based on material from the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Ruiz-Nava Mariana-P. , Conejeros-Vargas Carlos-A. , Solís-Marín Francisco-A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Eucidaris thouarsii is a cidaroid sea urchin found from the Gulf of California to Ecuador. Its taxonomy is based on general descriptions of test shape, primary and secondary spines, the Aristotle’s lantern, apical system, and peristome. Objective: To redescribe E. thouarsii with detailed descriptions, adding new taxonomic characters. Methods: We examined and reidentified 792 specimens, measuring and analyzing in detail structures of taxonomic value. Results: The horizontal diameter of the test ranges from 2.8 to 48.45 mm; the peristome corresponds to 40-60 % of that diameter, proportionally bigger than the apical system; the interambulacral areas are four times larger than the ambulacral areas. The variation of the pedicellariae is shown with scanning electron microscopy. The specimens of the Mexican oceanic islands are markedly different when compared to those of the mainland. Conclusions: Eucidaris thouarsii has five well differentiated secondary spines, and also specific regionalization; the apical system varies according to the size of the Horizontal Diameter of the Test; the globiferous pedicellariae have intraspecific differences; and the tridentate pedicellariae are specifically regionalized.
Impact of grain germination on in vitro antioxidative properties, nutrients digestibility, and functional attributes of brown rice flour
Authors: Singh A. , Sharma S. , Gupta A. , Singh B.
Published: April 2021

Brown rice was germinated for different times (12, 24, 36, and 48 h) at different temperatures (25, 30, and 35 °C) with the aim to improve the in vitro digestibility and antioxidant potential of the flour made from it. Results showed that increase in germination time and temperature increased in vitro digestibility of starch and protein during germination of brown rice owing to depolymerisation of starch and protein molecules by enzymatic activity. After germination under varying conditions, antioxidant activity increased from 50.19 to 95.58%, total phenolic and flavonoid contents from 0.88 to 2.02 mg GAE/g and 34.06–62.94 mg QE/100g, respectively. Germination at elevated temperature (35 °C) for prolonged time (48 h) also increased the reducing power by 60.49% and metal chelating activity by 114.50% as a result of structural breakdown of bound phenolics. Increased activity of hydrolytic enzymes with progress in the germination time and temperature also results in continuous reduction in the pasting properties and lightness values (L), while increasing a* and b* values of the flour of germinated brown rice. Tailored germination, therefore, can be offered as a tool to increase nutrient digestibility and bioactive potential of brown rice as compared to non-germinated brown rice, thus, producing naturally modified flour with enhanced functionality.
A highly-detailed anatomical study of normal pericardial structures as revealed by in-vivo computed tomography and magnetic resonance images and ex-vivo novel 3D reconstructions from Visible Human Server
Authors: Mantini Cesare , Corradi Francesco , Mastrodicasa Domenico , Procaccini Luca , Olivieri Marzia , Ricci Fabrizio , Cademartiri Filippo , Caulo Massimo , De Caterina Raffaele
Published: April 2021

The pericardial cavity, sinuses, and recesses are frequently depicted on Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR).

We here review the normal human pericardial structures as provided by MR imaging of young, healthy subject and CT scans acquired after iatrogenic coronary dissection. We compared such radiological information with cadaveric axial and sagittal sections of the human body provided by the Visible Human Server (VHS), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lousanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
An application of filtered back projection method for computed tomography images
Authors: Özge Onur Tuğba
Published: April 2021

Mathematical methods take an important part in reconstruction technologies of radiographic image. Back projection, iterative, and analytical (Two-dimensional Fourier, Filtered Back Projection) methods are the most important procedures for image reconstruction. Whenever there exists numerous projections, analytical methods have a great performance in speed and accuracy and due to these advantages they are comprehensively used for X-ray imaging. One of the widespread used methods in tomographic image reconstruction is Filtered Back Projection (FBP) algorithm. This paper presents an application of this reconstruction algorithm for a generated image of the object. Shepp-Logan filter is used to form the filtered back projection image and performance improvement is investigated. The obtained images indicate that FBP algorithm can be substantial for various applications in the field of medicine and industry.
Rapid Release 013: Changes in Births to New York City Residents Occurring Outside New York City, by Race and Hispanic Origin of the Mother: 2018-2019 and 2019-2020
Authors: Gregory Elizabeth , Osterman Michelle , Valenzuela Claudia
Published: April 2021

This report describes changes between 2019 and 2020 in the percentage of New York City residents giving birth outside of New York City by race and Hispanic origin of the mother, and makes comparisons with changes occurring between 2018 and 2019.
EN Solar panels work and control system modeling in LabVIEW and LTSpice XVII. Comparison of the perspectives of panels using
Authors: Drozd O. , Scherbak L.
Published: April 2021

This paper is dedicated to the research of solar energy issues, namely to increase the efficiency of solar panels and to compare the performance of solar panels in different configurations. The author researches and compares the performance of solar panels with and without trackers. The sun is an inexhaustible source of energy that mankind has yet to appreciate. Solar energy is the kinetic energy of radiation (mainly light) generated by thermonuclear reactions in the bowels of the sun. Solar energy is one such alternative, the neglect of which will in the near future lead to catastrophic consequences for humanity. Solar energy is a progressive method of obtaining various types of energy through solar radiation. Solar energy is one of the most promising and dynamic renewable energy sources (RES). Each year, the increase in commissioned capacity is approximately 40-50%. In the last fifteen years alone, the proportion of solar electricity in the world has exceeded the 5% mark. To increase the efficiency of solar panels, designers and engineers are developing new devices and devices, one of which is a solar tracker. A solar tracker is a device that allows you to control the movement of the sun across the sky, as well as move the solar panel to the position where the absorption of sunlight is most effective. After the conducted experiment , calculations an comparison we can see the next results. Without the solar tracker our panel generated maximum power in 2.4 Watt. After the solar tracking system integration, our panel generated almost 20 (19.8) Watt of power! After this comparison we can tell that the generated power increase in 8.25 Watts. We can also admit that the amount of generated power depends on light intensity. But solar panels are the most effective when the solar beam falls perpendicular to solar cell and solar panel is at an angle of 75 – 85 degrees
The Traditional Ranks in the Petrine Epoch: Between Afterlife and Innovation
Authors: Zakharov Andrey
Published: April 2021

The ranks and awards of Russian service elites and nobility have been a historiographical issue since the eighteenth century. G. F. Miller reflected on the psychology of the Tsar’s subjects, who asked Peter the Great to keep some of the old ranks during the introduction of new ones and described two such cases. Soviet historians of the 1980s discovered several appointments to the old ranks made in the early eighteenth century and registered in archival documents. These curious cases were interpreted by researchers as isolated exceptions or the result of the inertia of old practices. The study of mass historical sources has since led to the discovery of more than 1100 cases of this kind and provided different contexts in which these awards were granted. It was previously thought that Tsar Peter ridiculed the old ranks, giving them only to his jesters. Modern research on Peter’s innovations leads to a different view. For example, the introduction of the Hungarian dress and beard shaving was carried out in several steps, with backtracking. There has also been some oversimplification of the comparative pairs of epithets, such as “Muscovite-Imperial”, “old-new”, “ and “boyars-nobility”, which reflects nothing but the didactic attitudes of historians themselves. This article demonstrates that there was no dearth of official awards or withdrawal of the Duma ranks until the 1710s, at least. The introduction of The Table of Ranks did not abolish the ranks of “courtiers” (tsaredvortsy), as the earlier Muscovite ranks were called, which became the basis of the nobility. Peter I introduced several innovations to the traditional service hierarchy. Before the beginning of the Great Northern War, hundreds of the Tsarina’s stol’niki and court servitors were transferred to the Muscovite ranks, following which the Zhiletsky List continued being replenished for some years afterwards. The drama of ranks was aggravated by the enhanced status of the regular army ranks, which were outside the Moskovsky Spisok (the hierarchy of traditional ranks). The course of events was accelerated by the Tsar’s intention to implement European analogues of court and civil titles. Nevertheless, the popularity of the traditional ranks outside the army remained high. According to many sources, the traditional ranks of Muscovy were kept in check and re-registered throughout Peter’s reign. The Tsar’s decrees raised the status of military service. He sometimes approved petitions for the Duma ranks by several of his subjects and had his unique way of indicating the prospects for advancement to other petitioners. The low-level Muscovite ranks within the traditional hierarchy proved to be more stable than previously assumed. Muscovite ranks were not included in The Table of Ranks because the only rank of mass appointments by the early 1720s was that of a d’iak.
Landrat Books: Characterising a Source and Its Potential
Authors: Lyapin Denis
Published: April 2021

This article considers Landrat books compiled between 1715 and 1720, which contain the results of the last census of homesteads carried out by the Russian state. Even though a comprehensive study of the Landrat books has not been conducted, scepticism prevails when it comes to the reliability of their results. The author argues that there are no grounds for such scholarly scepticism. The materials of the Landrat census have great potential. The reason for distrust of the Landrat data is that they are often compared with the 1710 census, which was badly conducted. Historians also often point out that the transition to the poll tax was caused by the authorities’ lack of confidence in the work of the Landrats. However, this was not the case. This transition was due to the fact that the 1715–1720 census made it clear to the government that it had to change the principle and methods of tax collection (to increase taxes). The article focuses on the potential of the Landrat books as a valuable historical source. Particular attention is paid to social and economic information. The author refers to the Landrat book of Tula. As a result, the article concludes that, regardless of the extent to which the Landrat books may be considered complete and accurate, they reflect real socio-economic processes taking place in Russia under Peter the Great. The practical purpose of the Landrat books is very significant; although these documents were not dedicated specifically to the service population, they inevitably tell the story of this large social group; also, they contain a lot of data on the history of the Russian nobility. As a result, the Landrat censuses, together with “fairytales,” register extracts, and other documents of this kind, can help recreate the overall picture of important changes in the lives of the provincial service elite in the time of Peter the Great.
Concrete lining work analysis of mountain railway tunnels in geodynamical active regions
Authors: Baranov Timofey , Zainagabdinov Damir , Bikova Natalya
Published: April 2021

Concrete lining work analysis of mountain railway tunnels in geodynamical active regions. Railway tunnel concrete lining stress-strain state located in a geodynamical active mountainous region were discussed in this article. The study aims to assess the external factors influence, such as gravitational and seismic effects, on concrete lining deformation and cracking. The concrete lining work analysis was performed on the Severomuisk railway tunnel section example. The tunnel is located in different soil conditions and has a variety of supporting structures; the work analysis was performed for a site located in weakly fractured granite rocks. To assign the seismic impact level, the adjacent to the tunnel area seismic setting was calculated based on historical data and the area seismic monitoring. It has been established that the occurrence of earthquakes with a magnitude of 7–8 on the MSK-64 scale is expected every 10 years on average, the obe level with a recurrence period of 1 time in 50 years corresponds to an 8.7 points intensity. The tunnel structures’ stress-strain state calculation was performed by the finite element method in the GTS NX program. The analysis takes into account the main tunnel design features, drainage and transport adits, and cross slit. The calculations were performed in a linear-elastic formulation for the main tunnel concrete structures, the cross slit, and the adit’s cast-iron structures. The soil mass is modeled by materials according to the Hawke-Brown strength criterion (Hoek E.; Brown E.T.). It has been established that with an isotropic structure of the enclosing rock mass, tunnel structures resist well the destructive strong earthquakes impact. Crack formation in concrete lining only occurs in the event of a strong design-basis earthquake. At the same time, the various niches presence, cross slit, and other load-carrying structure complex geometry leads to the stress concentrations appearance and, as a consequence, cracks in concrete at lower seismic effects. Crack distribution patterns are consistent with field survey data.
Rede de Atenção Psicossocial: avaliação da estrutura e do processo de articulação do cuidado em saúde mental
Authors: Sampaio Mariá Lanzotti , Bispo Júnior José Patrício
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Este estudo objetivou avaliar a estrutura e o processo de articulação do cuidado em saúde mental, tendo como foco os serviços integrantes da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS) e outros dispositivos sociais e comunitários. Trata-se de estudo avaliativo, de abordagem qualitativa, por meio da identificação da estrutura da RAPS e avaliação do processo articulação do cuidado em saúde mental em de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 33 participantes, entre gestores, profissionais e usuários, além de observação participante nos serviços da RAPS. Para os procedimentos analíticos, foi utilizada uma matriz de análise composta por três dimensões: estrutura e composição da RAPS; organização e articulação da RAPS; e integralidade da atenção e articulação intersetorial. Os resultados evidenciaram que, apesar do cenário de expansão da RAPS, os serviços se mostraram insuficientes em face da demanda, com dificuldades de acesso dos usuários. A articulação entre os serviços evidenciou a conformação de uma rede fragmentada, com centralização nos serviços especializados e dificuldades de comunicação com a atenção primária e a rede de emergência. Evidenciou-se a inexistência de fluxos instituídos, o que gerou fragilidades na coordenação do cuidado. O desenvolvimento de ações intersetoriais, embora presentes, mostrou-se limitado e restrito a alguns setores. A estrutura insuficiente e a segmentação da RAPS constituíram-se em limitantes para o desenvolvimento do cuidado integral e longitudinal em saúde mental.
Análise temporal da desigualdade em escolaridade no tabagismo e consumo abusivo de álcool nas capitais brasileiras
Authors: Wendt Andrea , Costa Caroline S. , Costa Francine S. , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Crochemore-Silva Inácio
Published: April 2021

Resumo Estudo de tendência temporal com o objetivo de avaliar as desigualdades no tabagismo e no consumo abusivo de álcool, considerando a escolaridade como proxy de nível socioeconômico, de acordo com sexo e regiões brasileiras. Foram utilizados dados do Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel) coletados entre 2006 e 2017. Os desfechos foram o consumo abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas e o fumo. As desigualdades foram avaliadas com base na escolaridade, com dupla estratificação por sexo e regiões brasileiras. Para avaliar a tendência das prevalências dos desfechos e suas desigualdades foi usada a regressão linear ponderada pelos quadrados mínimos da variância. A prevalência de consumo abusivo de álcool aumentou em mulheres, de 7,8% (2006) para 12,2% (2017), e foi maior sempre entre os mais escolarizados. A prevalência de tabagismo diminuiu para homens e mulheres e foi maior sempre entre os menos escolarizados. A desigualdade no consumo de álcool entre os grupos de escolaridade parece ter aumentado ao longo do tempo, com maior magnitude entre as mulheres, mas a desigualdade no tabagismo parece estar diminuindo. Em algumas regiões do país, as medidas de desigualdade sugerem estabilidade e em outras um aumento da desigualdade para o consumo de álcool (Sudeste, Sul e Centro-oeste, entre as mulheres) e diminuição para o tabagismo (todas as regiões, exceto Sudeste, entre os homens; Nordeste e Centro-oeste, entre as mulheres). Apesar dos avanços na redução do tabagismo, as desigualdades na escolaridade persistem e estão presentes também em relação ao álcool. Os desfechos têm comportamentos opostos, portanto, estratégias devem ser focadas em cada um dos problemas, a fim de reduzir as desigualdades existentes.
Avaliação das oportunidades perdidas no controle da transmissão vertical do HIV em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil
Authors: Feitoza Helena Albuquerque Catão , Koifman Rosalina Jorge , Saraceni Valeria
Published: April 2021

Resumo: A transmissão vertical do HIV ainda representa um importante problema de saúde pública no mundo. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a transmissão vertical do HIV em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil, e avaliar a possibilidade de eliminação. Foi realizado estudo transversal dos casos de HIV em gestante e longitudinal sobre a incidência da transmissão vertical do HIV na base populacional de gestantes residentes no Município de Rio Branco, no período de 2007-2015. As coortes de gestantes foram formadas por mulheres que tiveram filhos nascidos vivos, mortos ou abortos. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH). Foi realizado o relacionamento entre as bases de dados utilizando o software OpenRecLink. Foram calculadas as prevalências de HIV em gestante, a taxa de transmissão vertical e os principais fatores associados. A prevalência de HIV em gestante apresentou tendência de aumento, e a prevalência média foi de 0,18%, as variáveis estatisticamente associadas à ocorrência de HIV em gestantes foram idade materna ≥ 20 anos (p = 0,007), menor escolaridade (p = 0,054) e não ter companheiro (p = 0,001). A transmissão vertical foi de 6,9%. O uso de terapia antirretroviral (TARV) no pré-natal, mesmo entre as gestantes que já sabiam ser portadoras do vírus, foi menor que 90%. A realização de cesáreas eletivas ficou abaixo de 60%, e o uso de TARV no parto e pelo recém nascido nas primeiras 24 horas apresentou variações, dependendo do período em que o diagnóstico materno foi realizado. Embora as estratégias de eliminação da transmissão vertical do HIV estejam bem estabelecidas, os resultados deste estudo ainda apontam falhas importantes na cascata de cuidados das gestantes infectadas em Rio Branco.
Avaliação do desempenho dos serviços de atenção primária à saúde no controle da tuberculose em metrópole do Sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Rabelo Juliana Veiga Costa , Navarro Pedro Daibert de , Carvalho Wânia da Silva , Almeida Isabela Neves de , Oliveira Camila Stefânie Fonseca , Haddad João Paulo Amaral , Miranda Silvana Spindola de
Published: April 2021

Resumo: A Organização Mundial da Saúde destaca a importância da organização e do desempenho dos serviços de saúde nas ações de controle da tuberculose. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho dos serviços de atenção primaria à saúde em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, em relação às ações de controle da tuberculose nos eixos Estrutura e Processo, antes e após a utilização do instrumento validado denominado Estratificação por Grau de Risco Clínico e de Abandono do Tratamento da Tuberculose (ERTB). Estudo descritivo e prospectivo, no qual foram realizadas duas entrevistas (455 profissionais), tendo a segunda ocorrido após a ERTB. A classificação do desempenho seguiu os valores: ≤ 49,9%, críticos; entre 50% e 79,9%, insatisfatórios; e, ≥ 80%, satisfatórios. Na avaliação comparativa, foi utilizado o teste estatístico de McNemar, com p < 0,05. Após a estratificação de risco, a maior parte das variáveis de cada eixo melhorou significativamente. Nós concluímos que, por meio de um questionário padronizado, foi possível identificar o desempenho satisfatório dos serviços de atenção primária à saúde em Belo Horizonte em relação às ações de controle da tuberculose, na maioria das variáveis avaliadas nos eixos Estrutura e Processo.
Política y trabajo en salud: ¿la pandemia de COVID-19 como acontecimiento?
Authors: Federico Leonardo
Published: April 2021

Resumen: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha irrumpido en el mundo de un modo sorpresivo, trastocando el estado previo de la situación de los países afectados, así como la situación de sus respectivos Estados. “Lo real” se ha resignificado a partir de sus graves derivaciones. La Argentina no constituye una excepción y, por lo tanto, sus ciudadanos y el propio Estado fueron interpelados y convocados a asumir un posicionamiento singular basado en valores, y realizar acciones tendientes a afrontar sus consecuencias, tanto inmediatas como mediatas. Por ello, en el presente Ensayo se piensa la pandemia en términos de “acontecimiento”, siguiendo la propuesta conceptual del filósofo francés Alain Badiou, y se analizan sus implicancias sobre la subjetivación individual y colectiva, los valores que orientan las prácticas, el rol de los medios de comunicación, y el posicionamiento asumido por el Estado argentino; así como también sus repercusiones más específicas en la política y el trabajo en salud, apelando a otros referentes teóricos del campo. Se destaca que el modo en que se implementa “la política” en el presente contexto, de no mediar una profunda reflexión y reorientación de las prácticas priorizando lo micropolítico, redundará en una mayor desvinculación y alienación de los sujetos individuales y colectivos. El acontecimiento entonces, más que la pandemia, que ya es un hecho, deberá constituirlo la articulación intersubjetiva de un abordaje saludable de sus consecuencias, tendiente a la integralidad y la igualdad en defensa de la vida.
Testing COVID-19 in Brazil: fragmented efforts and challenges to expand diagnostic capacity at the Brazilian Unified National Health System
Authors: Kameda Koichi , Barbeitas Mady Malheiros , Caetano Rosângela , Löwy Ilana , Oliveira Ana Claudia Dias de , Corrêa Marilena Cordeiro Dias Villela , Cassier Maurice
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Since the first recorded case of COVID-19 on February 26, 2020, Brazil has seen an exponential growth in the number of cases and deaths. The national testing approach has been insufficient to correctly use this tool in the support of containing the epidemic in the country. In this communication, we discuss efforts and challenges to scale-up COVID-19 testing at the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS). This communication presents the initial results of the research project created to investigate the political, industrial, technological, and regulatory aspects that may affect the diagnostic and testing capacity for COVID-19 in Brazil. The paper draws on the review of academic literature, media publication, and collection of public data on tests purchase and regulation. It enlists initiatives to enhance PCR testing, national production and development of technologies, as well as regulatory measures to fast-track new tests. Our analysis indicates some points of reflection. Firstly, the lack of a consistent national strategy to fight COVID-19 exarcebated supply problems of diagnostic components. If the country was eventually able to circumvent this situation, it still faces a more structural dependency on the importation of diagnostic components. Secondly, the discontinued funding and distribution of tests may have implied health policy fragmentation and the growing importance of local governments and non-state actors to fighting the epidemics within SUS. Finally, initiatives established since the second semester of 2020 have expanded the testing capacity at SUS. However, it has not been sufficient to control the progress of the epidemic in the country.
Mentoria entre pares: percepções de suporte social e ambiente educacional de estudantes de medicina
Authors: Acherman Natália Dilella , Ribeiro Adalgisa Peixoto , Lima Lucas Martins de , Cavalcanti Ana Carolina Damasceno , Miranda Thassiane Kelly Quintão , Oliveira Graziella Lage
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Introdução: Programas de mentoria entre pares são apontados como suporte efetivo na transição dos estudantes para o ensino superior, colaborando com sua saúde mental e seu desempenho acadêmico. Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivos mensurar e comparar a percepção de suporte social e avaliação do ambiente educacional entre estudantes membros e não membros do Grupo de Estudos em Didática Aplicada ao Aprendizado da Medicina (Gedaam), no curso de graduação em Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal que utilizou dados do cruzamento entre os bancos da pesquisa QualiMed e dos registros do Gedaam. Dos 1.470 estudantes que participaram do inquérito QualiMed, 347 eram vinculados ao Gedaam. A percepção do suporte social foi mensurada pela Escala de Satisfação com o Suporte Social (ESSS); e a avaliação do ambiente educacional, pelo Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM). Realizaram-se análises descritivas e comparativas univariadas por meio do qui-quadrado de Pearson e do teste t de Student, considerando um valor-p < 0,05 para verificação da significância estatística. Os dados foram analisados no software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 19.0. Resultado: Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre membros e não membros nas variáveis ciclo do curso, sexo, orientação sexual, recebimento de bolsas de auxílio e prática de atividade física regular. Os participantes do Gedaam apresentaram pior percepção quando comparados a não membros em todos os domínios da ESSS, exceto para a satisfação com atividades sociais (valor-p < 0,05). O ambiente educacional foi avaliado pelos dois grupos como tendo “muitos problemas” (escore = 95,51 para membros Gedaam e 100,05 para não membros), com diferença estatisticamente significativa. Conclusão: Observou-se um perfil mais crítico em relação à percepção de suporte social e ao ambiente acadêmico entre os estudantes. Sugere-se que a mentoria entre pares auxilie positivamente o percurso acadêmico e pessoal dos estudantes de Medicina.
Peer mentoring como estratégia de acolhimento ao estudante e adaptação ao método PBL
Authors: Menezes Dayane Patricia Ferreira , Cunha Andrea Taborda Ribas da , Oliveira Lucas Christyan da Rocha , Souza Lázaro Fabrício de França
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O peer mentoring (mentoria entre pares) é um modelo em que o mentor é um discente mais avançado na graduação que acompanha um grupo de alunos iniciantes (mentes). No curso de Medicina da Ufersa, o programa tem como propósitos acolher os discentes durante o primeiro semestre e contribuir para o desenvolvimento pessoal e acadêmico do mentee, na sua integração ao ambiente acadêmico e na adaptação ao curso e ao método Problem-Based Learning (PBL). Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção dos mentees sobre sua experiência no peer mentoring e os possíveis benefícios no desenvolvimento pessoal e acadêmico, e na saúde mental do ingressante. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa, em que se entrevistaram 20 mentees que participaram do projeto nos períodos 2018.1 ou 2019.1. Os dados foram processados por meio da análise temática de conteúdo, constituída por três precípuas etapas: pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados obtidos e sua interpretação. Resultado: Encontraram-se duas categorias: apoio emocional e social, e planejamento de estudos. Os entrevistados consideraram a experiência no peer mentoring positiva e assinalaram que o processo contribuiu para o desenvolvimento pessoal e/ou acadêmico deles. A diminuição do estresse e da ansiedade foi atribuída ao fato de haver um aluno veterano auxiliando no processo de transição ao ensino superior e um grupo de apoio entre pares. Os temas trabalhados nos encontros, as dicas dos mentores e as ferramentas apresentadas ajudaram no planejamento dos estudos, na seleção de prioridades e nas técnicas de otimização da aprendizagem. Conclusão: O projeto peer mentoring auxiliou os mentees em seu desenvolvimento e na adaptação e integração ao ambiente acadêmico, ao curso de Medicina e ao método PBL. Destarte, o apoio oferecido pelo projeto ao ingressante facilitou o processo de autogestão, promoveu o acolhimento e diminuiu a ansiedade, contribuindo também para a saúde mental do mentee.
Water relations in cut calla lily flowers maintained under different postharvest solutions
Authors: Sales Thais Silva , Paiva Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira , Manfredini Guilherme Mariano , Nascimento Ângela Maria Pereira do , Reis Michele Valquíria dos
Published: April 2021

Abstract The use of chemicals in storage solutions has proved beneficial for the postharvest conservation of cut flowers. However, the effect of these solutions on the water relations of some species is still unknown. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the water relations in calla lily flowers harvested at different stages and maintained under postharvest solutions with different chemicals. The flower stems were harvested in two stages of spathe opening: the early stage (cartridge) and the 1/3 flower opening stage. The flower stems were dipped in solutions with water (control), 100 mg L-1 sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), 100 mg L-1 aluminum sulfate [Al2(SO4)3], 200 mg L-1 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) and 10 mg L-1 silver nitrate (AgNO3). Over 9 days, the floral stems were kept in a room at 21 ± 2 °C and 75% ± 5% relative humidity and evaluated for changes in the pH of the solution and the water absorption, transpiration and commercial quality of the cut flowers. The addition of conservation substances to the storage solution induced spathe opening at both harvest stages and promoted water absorption by the stems, thus increasing the efficiency of flower hydration. The water balance maintenance was best for stems stored in water and storage solutions with Al2(SO4)3.
Gibberellin and polyamines effects in growth and flowering of New Guinea impatiens
Authors: Verdolin Lílian Guimarães , Mariz Bruna Lopes , Dias Leonardo Lucas Carnevalli
Published: April 2021

Abstract To meet the high demand of the consumer market for ornamental plants, various techniques are used to increase production and flowers quality, through growth regulators. Despite all the benefits arising from the use of regulators, it is essential to establish concentrations that meet the purpose of their use. The aim of the study was to evaluate the growing and flowering characteristics of Impatiens hawkeri, after the exogenous application of different dosages of spermine, spermidine and gibberellic acid. Two pulverizations were made separated by 15 days, with polyamines (500/2,000 and 1,000 μM), or gibberellic acid (50 and 100 μM), and for the control, water was used. The evaluated parameters were the number of leaves, plant height, number of flower buds, dry and fresh weights of the root system and the aerial parts, and also volume of the root system and the chlorophyll content (SPAD). The treatments with gibberellin caused higher averages in all measurements, except for SPAD. Based on the results obtained, the use of gibberellin with the dosage of 100 µM as a regulator is the most appropriate to meet the needs of the Impatiens hawkeri market with more vigorous plants and with a greater number of flowers.
Shoot position, cutting types and auxin treatments influence rooting response on Tecoma stans
Authors: Singh Bhupendra , Rawat Jagmohan Singh , Gusain Yogandra Singh , Khanduri Vinod Prasad , Riyal Manoj Kumar , Kumar Prabhat
Published: April 2021

Abstract This study investiges the rooting ability and the growth performance of lower and upper shoot positions and type of the cuttings, i.e. soft and hard wood and leafy and non leafy, of Tecoma stans (L.) Kunth. The cuttings were collected from 4-year old plants growing in the Chauras Campus of H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The rooting ability of cuttings was studied under the treatments of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and Indole 3-acidic acid (IAA) under 0.0%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% concentration in both hormones. The rooting response was significantly (p < 0.05) better in 0.4% IBA compared to other treatments and control (0% IBA and IAA). The ratio of number of roots to rooted cuttings and length of root to rooted cuttings in the different treatments showed significant differences (p < 0.05). The rooted cuttings were further transferred, into the polythene bags and shifted to open nursery conditions. Under such conditions, the rooted cuttings treated with 0.4% and 0.5% IBA demonstrated the highest (90% to 100%) survival capacity in the lower portion soft wood and leafy stem cuttings. Plantable plant and plant height was greater in the 0.4% IBA concentration treatment. The results of the study suggest that rooting of soft wood stem cuttings having lower position and leaves could be an effective mean of regenerating to T. stans. Furthermore, the application of 0.4% IBA concentration treatment is appropriate for rooting of juvenile leafy stem cuttings in a mist chamber.
Efficiency of Spathiphyllum spp. as a plant-microbial fuel cell
Authors: Kwon Kei Jung , Park Bong Ju
Published: April 2021

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of an ornamental plant, Spathiphyllum spp., as a plant-microbial fuel cell (Plant MFC) to produce voltage and current. This study also evaluated the effect of the Plant MFC on water use efficiency and plant growth. The experiment used four experimental groups: used MFC without plant (Soil MFC), used MFC with plant (Plant MFC), unused MFC without plant (Soil Pot), and unused MFC with plant (Plant Pot). Plant MFC generated higher voltage and current levels than Soil MFC. The average voltage of Plant MFC and Soil MFC was 0.475 V and 0.375 V, respectively, and the average current was 0.110 mA and 0.030 mA, respectively. Plant MFC using Spathiphyllum spp. produced a constant voltage output, with a deviation of 0.027 V during the four-month indoor experiment. The difference between the maximum and minimum voltage during the day was as small as 0.015 V, which supports the utility of Plant MFC as a stable power source. Volumetric soil moisture content, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), photosynthesis rate, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of Plant MFC and Plant Pot were measured. There was no significant difference in any values, and volumetric soil moisture and plant growth were not affected by the utilization of Plant MFC. Thus, a Plant-MFC using Spathiphyllum spp. can play the same ornamental role as conventional plants and at the same time be used as a sustainable bioelectricity source.
In vivo polyploidy induction of Phalaenopsis amabilis in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine
Authors: Mohammadi Mohsen , Kaviani Behzad , Sedaghathoor Shahram
Published: April 2021

Abstract Phalaenopsis amabilis Blume var. grandiflora Bateman is economically important as cut and pot flower. Polyploidy is considered as a valuable tool in improvement and evolution of ornamental plants. Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of P. amabilis were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0.20 mg L-1 IBA together with 2.00 mg L-1 KIN and 1.00 g L-1 activated charcoal and grown for a period of five months. Fully-developed plantlets from in vitro grown PLBs were immersed in a bubble reactor filled with half-strength Hoagland solution containing the antimitotic agent colchicine (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%, w/v) for 72 h with a few drops (1 mL of 0.1%) of octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol or Nonidet (P-40) as a surfactant. Plantlets were aerated to prevent hypoxia. Colchicine-treated and untreated plantlets were transferred to pots for a period of 60 days. Tetraploidy was successfully induced by 0.15% colchicine. Polyploidy levels were firstly detected using flow cytometry and then confirmed by cytological and morphological observations. The chromosome number was 2n = 2x = 38 in diploids and 2n = 4x = 76 in tetraploid. Incubation of plantlets in liquid medium containing 0.15% colchicine induced the maximum recovered tetraploids with minimum frequency of survival (50%). The tetraploid plants were more compact and exhibited round and thick leaves with darker green color than diploids. Stomata size in tetraploids were larger with less density than diploids. Chloroplast number in guard cells of tetraploids was about two times more than that of control. These results indicate that induction of tetraploids are a reliable and powerful tool for generation of novel phenotypes with ornamental and horticultural value for genetic improvement and breeding. Produced tetraploids in current study have potential in the ornamental/floriculture trade.
COVID-19 as a Stress Test: Assessing the Bank Regulatory Framework
Authors: Wix Carlo , Abboud Alice , Duncan Elizabeth , Horvath Akos , Iercosan Diana , Loudis Bert , Martinez Francis , Mooney Timothy , Ranish Ben , Wang Ke , Warusawitharana Missaka
Published: April 2021

The widespread economic damage caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses the first major test of the bank regulatory reforms put in place following the global financial crisis. This study assesses this framework, with an emphasis on capital and liquidity requirements. Leading up to the COVID-19 crisis, banks were well-capitalized and held ample liquid assets, reflecting in part heightened requirements. Capital requirements were comparable across major jurisdictions, despite differences in the implementation of the international Basel standards. The overall robust capital and liquidity levels resulted in a resilient banking system, which maintained lending through the early stages of the pandemic. Furthermore, trading activity was a source of strength for banks, reflecting in part a prudent regulatory approach. Areas for potential improvement include addressing the cyclicality of requirements.
Worker inclusion in equipment development processes in the modernizing minerals sector in South Africa
Authors: Pelders J. , Schutte S.
Published: April 2021

Worker participation in equipment development can result in improved user acceptance and product quality. This paper focuses on worker engagement in equipment development processes in the South African minerals sector. Qualitative data was gathered during interviews with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and industry experts. A lack of inclusion in equipment design from workers from all organizational levels in mines was reported. Meanwhile, the historical context and workplace culture of the mining industry (including leadership, trust, training, performance, and remuneration factors) were evident barriers to the implementation of new technology. Worker engagement processes should include securing management commitment, creating multidisciplinary teams, effective facilitation, shared understanding of needs, training and development, and iterative design. Human-centred design approaches and independent platforms for engagement on equipment design requirements are recommended.
Application of Intellectual Methods of Data Analysis to Improve the Quality of Decision Making in Management of Resources for the Information Media System
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Shabanov K. B. , Alekseev V. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: April 2021

In connection with the relevance of data analysis automation, basic data mining methods are considered, such as neural networks, genetic algorithms, and fuzzy logic methods. The essence of these methods and their practical applicability are shown, in particular, methods of fuzzy logic for the problem of improving the quality of decision-making when managing the resources of the information media system.
Modeling the Kinetic Characteristics of the Curing Process of Polymer Composites Based on a Neural Network
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Dmitriev O. S. , Barsukov A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: April 2021

The article considers the possibility of modeling the kinetic characteristics of the curing process of polymer composites (for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic) based on the use of artificial neural networks. Using neural network modeling, the dependence of the change in the kinetic function of the polymer composite on the degree of cure has been obtained. The performance of the neural network is compared with experimental data using classical approximation methods.
Effective Fuzzy Logical Control for Photoelectric System Optimization
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Ussama Belarussi , Kalinin V. F. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Terki Amel ,   Mohamed Heder University, Biskra, Algerian People's Democratic Republic
Published: April 2021

The article shows the importance of tracking the point of maximum power and ways to achieve it. Methods of “perturbation and observation” and a fuzzy logic regulator (FLR) are analyzed. The modeling of the photovoltaic system operation in various conditions is carried out and the principle of its operation is considered.
The Study of the Correlation between a Specific Output Flow of Acetate Cellulose Films and the Pressure Gradient, Temperature and Classification of the Processes of Membrane Separation of Solutions
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Lazarev S. I. , Arzamastsev A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Ryzhkin V. Yu. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Kovaleva O. A. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia, Lazarev D. S. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Dmitriev V. M. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Khromova T. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: April 2021

A comparative study of the application of membrane, electromembrane and electrobaromembrane technologies for various industries in the field of wastewater treatment and technological solutions is presented. The principle of classification of membrane separation processes is formulated. The characteristic periods of the solvent transfer stimulation were determined. Based on the experimental data obtained on the permeability of the solvent through the MGA-80P and MGA-95 membranes, empirical dependences are proposed that describe the kinetic characteristics of the dependence from transmembrane pressure and temperature effects.
Simulation of the Mixing Process in a Disc Homogenizer Disperser
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Alkhilo Z. A. , Baranov A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Mansur V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Tugolukov E. N. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Pasko A. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Pershin V. F. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: April 2021

The movement of viscous fluid in a small gap between stationary and rotating disks is investigated and a mathematical description is given for flat and stepped disks. Using the mathematical apparatus of random Markov processes discrete in space and time, a model of the process of mixing grease with graphene plates in a rotary homogenizer disperser has been created. Decomposition of the process and consideration of separate mixing processes in the radial and circumferential directions made it possible to assess the intensity of these processes and develop recommendations for the transition from laboratory installations to industrial devices.
Phase Composition of Silicon in the Krasnoslobodsky Deposit of the Tambov Region
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Mordasov D. M. , Mordasov M. D. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: April 2021

The study of the chemical and phase compositions of tripoli from Krasnoslobodskoye deposit in the Tambov region was carried out using modern equipment. Using the X-ray fluorescence analysis, the main elemental composition of the rock under study was established, determined mainly by the compounds of Si, Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Ti, P, S, Na. It is shown that the proportion of silicon dioxide in the sample under study exceeds its content in tripoli from many Russian deposits and neighboring countries. The X-ray phase analysis with subsequent interpretation of the diffraction pattern showed that tripoli contains minerals of amorphous opal, microcrystalline - and -cristobalites as structural forms of silica, as well as small amounts of quartz, illite and montmorillonite impurities.
Nanomaterials in Thermal Backup Current Sources
Authors:   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force  “Air Force Academy named after Professors N. Ye. Zhukovsky  and Yu. A. Gagarin”, Voronezh, Russia, Emtsev V. V. , Grishin S. V. ,   JSC Energia, Yelets, Lipetsk region, Russia, Maksimov D. I. ,   I. A. Bunin Yelets State University, Yelets, Lipetsk region, Russia, Mamontova Yu. E. ,   I. A. Bunin Yelets State University, Yelets, Lipetsk region, Russia, Stekolnikov Yu. A. ,   I. A. Bunin Yelets State University, Yelets, Lipetsk region, Russia
Published: April 2021

The current-voltage characteristics of thermal batteries with anodes based on lithium and its alloys, with cathodes made of iron or cobalt disulfides are presented. The electrolyte-melt is a thickened mixture of fluorides, lithium and potassium chlorides, pyrotechnic mixtures of iron, molybdenum, titanium nanopowders. It is shown that the use of a lithium-boron composite and a “thickened lithium” composite is promising as a material for anodes of high-energy thermal current sources, and for cathodes - a mixture based on synthetic iron disulfide.