bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normal Standard TCD/AC Ratio for the Evaluation of Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Singleton Fetuses
Authors: Yang Sung-Hee , Lee Dong-Yeon
Published: October 2024

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with increased fetal mortality rate, and its early detection is important for determining delivery timing and planning neonatal care. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of the fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) to abdominal circumference (AC) ratio in fetal growth evaluation that can predict intrauterine growth restriction and propose a reference value for normal Korean fetuses. Methods: This study included a total of 1011 fetuses between 19 and 34 weeks of gestation from January 2021 to December 2022. A simple regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between TCD and AC and gestational age, and the normal mean values and percentiles of the TCD/AC ratio by gestational age were calculated. Results: TCD and AC correlated strongly with gestational age, increasing along with gestational age. The TCD/AC ratio in normal fetuses between 19 and 34 weeks of gestation was 13.26, with a 95th percentile of 14.39. Conclusions: The TCD/AC ratio can be utilized as a useful variable to predict intrauterine growth restriction when evaluating the growth of Korean fetuses. Furthermore, close observation is required when the TCD/AC ratio exceeds 14.39, allowing for early prediction and management of intrauterine growth restriction.
A Prospective Randomized Study of the Potential Biomarker miR-204-5p for the Differential Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Shi Yan , Ding Xiaohua
Published: October 2024

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that has a certain impact on maternal and infant health. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of microRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) in GDM by analyzing its differential expression between GDM patients and healthy individuals and to assess its predictive potential for the occurrence of poor maternal and infant outcomes in GDM patients. Methods: GDM patients (107; GDM group) and healthy pregnant women (92; control group) were recruited for this prospective study. GDM patients meet the relevant criteria of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG), which are categorized into good and poor outcome groups on the basis of maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes. Serum miR-204-5p expression was quantified via the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic potential of miR-204-5p in GDM patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and further assessed for its ability to predict the occurrence of poor maternal and infant outcomes in GDM patients. The difference in clinical indicators between GDM patients and healthy pregnant women was determined through Student's t-test, and the clinical indicators of GDM patients in the good outcome group and the poor outcome group were evaluated. The potential of miR-204-5p as a risk factor for poor maternal and infant outcomes in GDM patients was evaluated by binary logistic analysis. Results: miR-204-5p expression was decreased in GDM patients compared to healthy pregnant women. The area under the curve (AUC) for distinguishing the healthy people from GDM patients was 0.918, with a sensitivity and specificity of 78.5% and 90.2%. Additionally, miR-204-5p expression in GDM patients in the poor outcome group was lower than that in the good outcome group. The AUC reflecting the potential of miR-204-5p in predicting poor maternal and infant outcomes in GDM patients was 0.855, with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 90.5%. miR-204-5p is a risk factor for poor maternal and infant outcomes in GDM patients. Conclusions: Serum miR-204-5p expression is low in GDM and has a high diagnostic potential for predicting the occurrence of GDM and poor maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes. It is expected to be a biomarker for the risk of GDM.
Challenges in the Therapeutic Exploitation of Chemokine Receptor-Mediated Internalization of Nanocarriers
Authors: Bardi Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

Chemokines are small proteins guiding cell migration with crucial role during immune responses. Their actions are mediated by 7-helix trans-membrane Gα protein-coupled receptors and ended by chemokine-receptor complex downregulation. Beyond its physiological role, ligand-induced receptor endocytosis can be exploited to vehiculate drugs and genetic materials within specific cells. Indeed, peptide-modified drugs and chemokine-decorated nanocarriers can target cell subpopulations significantly increasing cargo internalization. Carrier functionalization with small peptides or small-molecule-antagonists have been developed by different groups and proved their efficacy in vivo. One major limitation regards their restricted number of targeted receptors, although involved in diverse types of cancer and inflammatory diseases. Our group implemented nanoparticle decoration using whole chemokines, which in my opinion offer a versatile platform for precise drug delivery. The rationale relies on the broad and distinctive cellular expression of all chemokine receptors covering the different tissues, theoretically allowing chemokine-decorated particle delivery to any chosen cell subset. Although promising, our approach is still in its infancy and the experiments performed only in vitro so far. This manuscript briefly describes the established nanotechnologies for chemokine receptor-mediated delivery and, in greater details, our chemokine-decorated nanoparticles. Positive and negative aspects of the different approaches are also discussed, giving my opinion on why future nano-formulations could benefit from these chemo-attractant immune mediators.
Effect of Heat Stress on the Expression of Circulating Cyto(chemo)kine and Inflammatory Markers in Broiler Chickens Selected for High- or Low-water Efficiency
Authors: Greene Elizabeth S. , Tabler Travis , Bottje Walter G. , Orlowski Sara , Dridi Sami
Published: October 2024

Background: Water scarcity is a current, significant global concern that will only increase under the pressure of climate change. Improving water efficiency of poultry is a new and promising area to help temper agriculture's future impact on fresh water availability. Here, we explored the effects of acute heat stress (HS) on circulating stress and inflammatory markers in 2 lines of broilers divergently selected for water efficiency. Methods: Male chicks from low (LWE) and high water efficient (HWE) lines were raised in 12 environmental chambers (2 pens/chamber, 6 chambers/line, 20 birds/pen) under normal conditions until day 28. On day 29, birds were subjected to thermoneutral (TN, 25 °C) or HS (36 °C) conditions, resulting in four treatments (2 lines × 2 environmental conditions). After 3 h of HS, whole blood was collected (8 birds per line × environment) and analyzed for target gene expression and plasma cytokine levels. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA, with line, environment, and their interaction as main factors, and means were compared using Tukey's multiple range test. Results: Gene expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 27, HSP70, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, c-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4), CCL20, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), NLR family CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5), and NLR family member X1 (NLRX1) were increased by HS, with no differences between the lines. HSP70, IL-10, and NLRC3 were lower in the HWE as compared to the LWE lines. Additionally, there were interactive effects between line and environment for HSP90, IL-4, and CCL4, where HS induced HSP90 expression in the LWE only, and IL-4 and CCL4 in HWE only. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene expression was significantly lower in the whole blood of the HWE line; however, plasma protein levels were not different. Conclusions: Overall, most of the effects seen on cyto (chemokines) and inflammatory markers were due to acute HS, with only a few genes differentially regulated between the lines. This likely indicates that the divergent selection for water efficiency for four generations did not elicit changes in inflammation and stress molecular signatures.
Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles by Sulfophosphovanillin Colorimetric Assay and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Senkovenko Alexey , Skryabin Gleb , Parshina Evgeniia , Piryazev Alexey , Tchevkina Elena , Bagrov Dmitry
Published: October 2024

Background: Detailed characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is crucial for their application in medical diagnostics. However, the complexity of their chemical composition and the heterogeneity of EV populations make their characterization challenging. Here we describe two analytical procedures that can help overcome this challenge. Methods: Small EVs were isolated from conditioned cell culture media using ultracentrifugation and characterized using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Raman spectroscopy was used to assess the overall composition of the isolated samples and lipids extracted from them. Sulfophosphovanillin (SPV) colorimetric assay was used to quantify the contents of lipid. Results: Six samples of EVs were characterized. The lipid contents measured using SPV assay was in reasonable agreement with the quantitative estimates based on the particle size and concentration measured using NTA. The most peaks observed in the Raman spectra could be attributed to either proteins or lipids, and their origins was confirmed by lipid extraction. The protein-to-lipid ratio was estimated based on the Raman spectra. Conclusions: The experiential procedures described in this study will help to overcome the challenge of quick and highly informative characterization of the EVs.
Identification of Structure-Linked Activity on Bioactive Peptides from Sea Cucumber (Stichopus japonicus): A Compressive In Silico/In Vitro Study
Authors: Lee Hyo-Geun , Nagahawatta D.P. , Je Jun-Geon , Oh Jae-Young , Jayawardhana H.H.A.C.K. , Liyanage N.M. , Kurera M.J.M.S. , Park Si-Hyeong , Jeon You-Jin , Jung Won-Kyo , Choe Yu Ri , Kim Hyun-Soo
Published: October 2024

Background: A sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) is an invertebrate rich in high-quality protein peptides that inhabits the coastal seas around East Asian countries. Such bioactive peptides can be utilized in targeted disease therapies and practical applications in the nutraceutical industry. Methods: Bioactive peptides were isolated from Stichopus japonicus through ultrafiltration and Sephadex G-10 size exclusion chromatography. The low-molecular-weight fraction (ACSH-III) showed the highest hydroxyl radical scavenging and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities. Subsequent purification of ACSH-III resulted in four fractions, of which ACSH-III-F3 and ACSH-III-F4 exhibited significant bioactivity. Results: Peptides identified in these fractions, including Phenylalanine-Proline-Threonine-Tyrosine (FPTY) and Tyrosine-Proline-Serine-Tyrosine-Proline-Serine (YPSYPS), were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS). FPTY demonstrated the most potent antioxidant and antihypertensive activities among these peptides, with IC50 values of 0.11 ± 0.01 mg/mL for hydroxyl radicals and 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/mL for ACE inhibition. Docking simulations revealed strong binding affinities of these peptides to the active site of the ACE, with FPTY displaying interactions similar to those of the synthetic inhibitor lisinopril. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the identified peptides, particularly FPTY, have potential applications as natural antioxidants and functional foods.
Decitabine Enhances Sorafenib Sensitivity in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Promoting BIN1 and SYNE1 Expressions
Authors: Kang Lijie , Jin Mengyun , Mao Yuqin , Xia Aixiao
Published: October 2024

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), especially clear cell RCC (ccRCC), significantly impacts health, and results in particularly poor outcomes in patients at the advanced stage. Resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is a major barrier in effective ccRCC treatment. Herein, we aim to explore how decitabine mediates bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) and spectrin repeat containing nuclear envelope protein 1 (SYNE1) to impact resistance of ccRCC to sorafenib. Methods: Employing bioinformatics on datasets GSE64052 and CancerSea, we identified genes linked to TKI resistance, ultimately focusing on SYNE1. We assessed influences of SYNE1 overexpression and BIN1 knockdown via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Assessment of cell viability and apoptosis was accomplished using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and flow cytometry. The investigation into the potential interactions between SYNE1 and BIN1, as well as their impacts on sorafenib sensitivity was accomplished by Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) Pull-down. Results: SYNE1 was substantially down-regulated in sorafenib-resistant ccRCC cells, and its overexpression increased sorafenib sensitivity, decreased viability and enhanced apoptosis. Interaction between BIN1 and SYNE1 was confirmed, with BIN1 level lower in resistant cells. BIN1 knockdown reduced the beneficial effects of SYNE1 overexpression on sorafenib sensitivity. Decitabine treatment elevated both SYNE1 and BIN1, while boosting apoptosis and reducing sorafenib resistance. Conclusions: SYNE1 contributes to the modulation of sorafenib resistance in ccRCC cells through interacting with BIN1. Decitabine treatment enhances expressions of these two proteins to improve TKI response, suggesting a potential strategy for counteracting resistance and bettering patient outcomes.
Animal Models for Mechanical Circulatory Support: A Research Review
Authors: Orgil Buyan-Ochir , Chintanaphol Michelle , Alberson Neely R. , Letourneau Lea , Martinez Hugo R. , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Purevjav Enkhsaikhan
Published: October 2024

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that has become a leading public health problem worldwide. Globally, nearly 64 million individuals are currently affected by heart failure, causing considerable medical, financial, and social challenges. One therapeutic option for patients with advanced heart failure is mechanical circulatory support (MCS) which is widely used for short-term or long-term management. MCS with various ventricular assist devices (VADs) has gained traction in end-stage heart failure treatment as a bridge-to-recovery, -decision, -transplant or -destination therapy. Due to limitations in studying VADs in humans, animal studies have substantially contributed to the development and advancement of MCS devices. Large animals have provided an avenue for developing and testing new VADs and improving surgical strategies for VAD implantation and for evaluating the effects and complications of MCS on hemodynamics and organ function. VAD modeling by utilizing rodents and small animals has been successfully implemented for investigating molecular mechanisms of cardiac unloading after the implantation of MCS. This review will cover the animal research that has resulted in significant advances in the development of MCS devices and the therapeutic care of advanced heart failure.
Iron Overload and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Li Yunyi , Zhou Quan , Zhang Kai , Meng Xiao
Published: October 2024

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic vascular degenerative disease characterized by progressive segmental dilation of the abdominal aorta. The rupture of an AAA represents a leading cause of death in cardiovascular diseases. Despite numerous experimental and clinical studies examining potential drug targets and therapies, currently there are no pharmaceutical treatment to prevent AAA growth and rupture. Iron is an essential element in almost all living organisms and has important biological functions. Epidemiological studies have indicated that both iron deficiency and overload are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, particularly an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Recent evidence indicates that iron overload is involved in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of iron overload in AAA progression and explore its potential pathological mechanisms. Although the exact molecular mechanisms of iron overload in the development of AAA remain to be elucidated, the inhibition of iron deposition may offer a promising strategy for preventing these aneurysms.
The Association between Fatty Liver Index and Lower Limb Arterial Calcification in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mai Peibiao , Li Qilong , Li Sijin , Wang Chunhong , Xu Shuwan , Zhang Kun , Luo Niansang
Published: October 2024

Background: Peripheral arterial calcification is a prevalent condition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), resulting in lower-limb amputation and reduced life quality. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can be simply evaluated using the fatty liver index (FLI), is closely associated with T2DM development. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between FLI and lower limb arterial calcification (LLAC) in T2DM patients and to reveal the value of T2DM patients with NAFLD in predicting the occurrence of LLAC. Methods: A total of 77 T2DM patients with LLAC who underwent comprehensive physical and health examinations, serological examinations, as well as lower limb computed tomography imaging at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2018 and January 2019 were enrolled in this study. The FLI was calculated using body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and γ-glutamyl transferase. Additionally, LLAC was evaluated using computed tomography with the Agatston scoring algorithm. The patients were divided into three groups based on their FLI values: Non-liver disease group (FLI <30, n = 29), borderline-liver disease group (30 ≤ FLI < 60, n = 32), and NAFLD group (FLI ≥60, n = 16). Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the association between FLI and LLAC in T2DM patients. Furthermore, differences in LLAC among groups were analyzed using post-hoc multiple comparisons and ordinal logistic regression model analysis. Results: Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that age and FLI influenced LLAC severity in T2DM patients. Moreover, T2DM patients in the NAFLD group had significantly lower LLAC scores than those in the Non-liver disease group. The correlation analysis showed that FLI was negatively associated with LLAC scores (R = –0.31, p = 0.006), while age was positively associated (R = 0.361, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Our study revealed an inverse relationship between FLI and the degree of LLAC. This indicates that, based on evidence in the current research, NAFLD may not be reliable as a predictor of LLAC in T2DM patients.
Implementation of Evidence-Based International Recommendations Reduces Postoperative Delirium Rate in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery or Interventions: A System-Based Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Milz Simon , Holaubek Caroline , Siebel Jan , Hulde Nikolai , Wefer Franziska , Fruend Andreas , Tigges-Limmer Katharina , Gummert Jan , Dossow Vera von
Published: October 2024

Background: Delirium is a frequent and serious complication of cardiac procedures that can lead to serious long-term health restrictions. As primary prevention is more effective in reducing rate of delirium than the therapy itself, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a multidisciplinary delirium prevention bundle on the postoperative delirium rate in patients undergoing cardiac procedures. Methods: In this system-based quality improvement study, a four-component delirium prevention bundle was implemented in patients undergoing cardiac procedures at a single high-volume center. The program included preoperative delirium risk stratification, multidisciplinary education of consensus guidelines, written memory aids, and post-anesthetic visits with delirium screening until postoperative day three. Results: Overall, 234 patients were included and analyzed during the 6-month study period. The overall delirium incidence rate was 12.4%. After the first 3-month baseline implementation period, the delirium rate was 17.2%, compared with 7.6% (p = 0.026) after implementation of the delirium prevention bundle. Multivariate analysis revealed independent risk factors such as age [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.046; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.002–1.092; p = 0.042], double valve surgery [adjusted OR: 13.1; 95% CI: 3.240–52.974; p < 0.0001], and peripheral artery disease [adjusted OR: 8.131; 95% CI: 2.336–28.306; p < 0.001]. Hospital stay was significantly longer in patients with delirium [median 13 (12–19.5) versus 12 (11–14) days, p = 0.009]. Conclusions: This multidisciplinary system-based quality improvement study demonstrated a beneficial effect on the delirium rate after the implementation of a four-component delirium prevention bundle in patients undergoing cardiac surgery or intervention. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed important independent risk factors for delirium development. This might improve early risk stratification and strategies for this high-risk patient collective.
The Relationship between Sleep and Physical Activity by Age, Race, and Gender
Authors: McCoy Taylor , Sochan Anthony J. , Spaeth Andrea M.
Published: October 2024

Cardiometabolic diseases remain the leading cause of death in the United States. Lifestyle factors contribute the majority of risk for these diseases. Although diet and exercise have been the primary focus of research on modifiable behaviors to target for interventions to prevent cardiometabolic disease, recent evidence suggests that sleep also plays an important role. Indeed, the updated American Heart Association campaign includes sleep as one of its “Essential Eight”. This review details the reciprocally reinforcing positive relationship between sleep and daytime physical activity behaviors and explores how this relationship differs based on age, gender and race. For example, interventions to improve moderate intensity physical activity may be particularly beneficial to women, older adults, and Black Americans, who are at increased risk for sleep disturbances. Communicating to Americans the importance of managing their time to meet current physical activity and sleep recommendations is a challenge given that there are so many competing behaviors consuming large amounts of time (e.g., social media, gaming), but is critical given the importance of these behaviors for cardiometabolic health.
Diagnostic Value of Magnetocardiography to Detect Abnormal Myocardial Perfusion: A Pilot Study
Authors: Zhang Huan , Ma Zhao , Mi Hongzhi , Jiao Jian , Dong Wei , Yang Shuwen , Liu Linqi , Zhou Shu , Feng Lanxin , Zhao Xin , Yang Xueyao , Tu Chenchen , Song Xiantao , Zhang Hongjia
Published: October 2024

Background: Magnetocardiography (MCG) is a novel non-invasive technique that detects subtle magnetic fields generated by cardiomyocyte electrical activity, offering sensitive detection of myocardial ischemia. This study aimed to assess the ability of MCG to predict impaired myocardial perfusion using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Methods: A total of 112 patients with chest pain underwent SPECT and MCG scans, from which 65 MCG output parameters were analyzed. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to screen for significant MCG variables, three machine learning models were established to detect impaired myocardial perfusion: random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and support vector machine (SVM). The diagnostic performance was evaluated based on the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: Five variables, the ratio of magnetic field amplitude at R-peak and positive T-peak (RoART+), R and T-peak magnetic field angle (RTA), maximum magnetic field angle (MAmax), maximum change in current angle (CCAmax), and change positive pole point area between the T-wave beginning and peak (CPPPATbp), were selected from 65 automatic output parameters. RTA emerged as the most critical variable in the RF, DT, and SVM models. All three models exhibited excellent diagnostic performance, with AUCs of 0.796, 0.780, and 0.804, respectively. While all models showed high sensitivity (RF = 0.870, DT = 0.826, SVM = 0.913), their specificity was comparatively lower (RF = 0.500, DT = 0.300, SVM = 0.100). Conclusions: Machine learning models utilizing five key MCG variables successfully predicted impaired myocardial perfusion, as confirmed by SPECT. These findings underscore the potential of MCG as a promising future screening tool for detecting impaired myocardial perfusion. Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR2200066942, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=187904.
ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКІ ЗАВДАННЯ ФАХОВОГО СПРЯМУВАННЯ В ПРОЦЕСІ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ–АГРАРІЇВ
Authors: Розуменко Анжела , Розуменко Анатолій , Удовиченко Ольга
Published: October 2024

У статті розглянуто проблему забезпечення якісної математичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців-аграріїв. У ході підготовки статті були використані такі методи дослідження: порівняльний аналіз теоретичних положень, розкритих у науковій та навчально-методичній літературі; спостереження за математичною підготовкою майбутніх фахівців різних нематематичних спеціальностей; бесіди із студентами аграрних спеціальностей; узагальнення власного педагогічного досвіду викладання курсу вищої математики майбутнім фахівцям аграрного сектору економіки. На основі аналізу теоретичних джерел та практики викладання вищої математики підтверджено висновок про зниження якості математичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців - аграріїв. Запропоновано використання дослідницьких завдань фахового спрямування для групової роботи студентів на заняттях з вищої математики як одного із шляхів покращення  якості математичної підготовки, розвитку дослідницьких умінь студентів та підвищення їх навчальної мотивації. Обґрунтовано необхідність вивчення курсу вищої математики студентами нематематичних спеціальностей. Виокремлено різні аспекти проблеми забезпечення якісної математичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців–аграріїв. Розкрито методичні особливості навчання вищої математики студентів аграрних спеціальностей. Обґрунтовано висновок про доцільність використання дослідницьких завдань фахового спрямування для покращення якості математичної підготовки, розвитку дослідницьких умінь та підвищення навчальної мотивації студентів аграрного університету. Запропоновано структуру та зміст дослідницького завдання фахового спрямування з теми «Елементи аналітичної геометрії». Розкрито особливості організації навчальної діяльності студентів у процесі розв’язування дослідницьких завдань з вищої математики фахового спрямування.
КРИТЕРІЇ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ДЛЯ ПІДТРИМКИ STEAM-ОРІЄНТОВАНОГО ОСВІТНЬОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Сороко Наталия
Published: October 2024

У статті розглядаються критерії оцінювання цифрових інструментів для підтримки STEAM-орієнтованого освітнього середовища. Проаналізовано педагогічні дослідження, методична та спеціальна література, педагогічний досвід використання цифрових технологій для організації STEAM-освіти у закладах загальної середньої освіти, зроблено узагальнення для формулювання основних положень дослідження та проаналізовано результати анкетування вчителів щодо визначення популярних цифрових інструментів для підтримки STEAM-орієнтованого освітнього середовища та критеріїв оцінювання цифрових інструментів для підтримки STEAM-орієнтованого освітнього середовища за допомогою шкали Ланкерта. Проведена класифікація та наведено приклади цифрових інструментів, що підтримують STEAM-орієнтоване освітнє середовище, включаючи системи для керування навчанням, інструменти для забезпечення колективної роботи, інструменти для оцінювання навчальної діяльності учнів, інструменти для поширення інформації, а також інструменти для створення вчителем дидактичного матеріалу та для дослідницької діяльності учнів у STEAM-проєктах. Виокремлено основні критерії оцінювання цифрових інструментів для підтримки STEAM-орієнтованого освітнього середовища, а саме інтерактивність, інтеграція, доступність, підтримка взаємодії, адаптивність, безпека та конфіденційність, функціональність, вартість і відгуки користувачів, що дозволяє визначити найважливіші аспекти, які мають бути враховані при їхньому виборі вчителями. Досліджено педагогічний досвід використання цифрових інструментів для підтримки STEAM-освіти, в результаті якого виявлено, що Moodle, Canvas, Google Classroom, Google Workspace, Microsoft Teams, Kahoot!, Quizizz, PhET Interactive Simulations, CoSpaces Edu, Padlet, Slack є найбільш популярними при здійсненні оцінювання навчальної діяльності учнів та їхньої взаємодії у STEAM-орієнтованому навчальному середовищі. Визначено перспективи подальших досліджень, які полягають у обґрунтуванні екосистеми STEAM-орієнтованого освітнього середовища.
Cybercrime's Global and National Dimensions: Policy Frameworks, Challenges, and Future Solutions
Authors: Nget Makara , Sam Rany , Im Kouy , Kheuy Sinoeurn , Em Dara , Yoeng Hak
Published: October 2024

As global reliance on digital technology expands, so do the risks posed by cybercrime, which impacts individuals, institutions, and nations. This study has five main objectives: to evaluate global strategies for countering the growing cybercrime threat, compare diverse national approaches that reflect distinct legal traditions and enforcement priorities, identify and address critical challenges in combating cybercrime, assess the significant social and economic impacts of cybercrime, and highlight critical areas of focus to mitigate these threats. It also looks at the sophisticated methods that cybercriminals use and how technological advancements constantly reshape societal understanding and responses to cybercrimes. Cybercrime, once rooted in traditional crime, has evolved into a distinct and formidable threat fueled by the internet's anonymity and interconnectivity. This study advocates for a comprehensive global cybersecurity strategy that prioritizes legal reforms, encourages international cooperation, and tailors prevention strategies to the changing cyber landscape. It also addresses disparities in national cybersecurity preparedness, emphasizing the critical need for enhanced security measures and proactive strategies to mitigate cybercrime's widespread economic, social, and national security consequences.
Exploring mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviours at university - A survey of UK undergraduate students considering the COM-B model.
Authors: Wilde Natalie , Foxcroft David , Davies Emma
Published: October 2024

The number of undergraduate students in the UK experiencing poor mental health is increasing each year, but many are unlikely to seek help for this. Previous work highlights low levels of mental health literacy as a major barrier to students seeking-help. This exploratory study aimed to provide an insight into current student help-seeking behaviours by applying the COM-B model. In addition, the study considered barriers to seeking help in relation to levels of mental health literacy and stages of the help-seeking model. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to collect quantitative data anonymously from current undergraduate students at UK universities (n=234) between the 21st January and 20th May 2022. Participants were recruited using social media and, with permission, through university student mailing lists. Results suggest a positive relationship between a student's level of mental health literacy and the likelihood of them seeking help for their mental health. When seeking help, students appear to have their own individual preferred help sources, with many preferring to seek help from intimate partners and/or online search engines. Results suggest that there are three main individual attributes that could be linked to lower chances of completing the help seeking process: low perceived levels of psychological capability, low mental health literacy levels and low levels of automatic motivation to seek help. Building on the results of this study, future work could address the attributes identified, breaking down barriers and supporting students to seek help in the most effective way moving forward.
Livelihood Asset versus Capabilities: Pillars for Sustainable Development in Rural Households of East Wallaga zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kumsa Dereje Chimdessa , Huluka Admassu Tesso , Geleta Dereje Tolera
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the relationship between livelihood assets and capabilities in rural households of East Wallaga Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, to understand how they contribute to sustainable development. The analysis, using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), examined factors such as social engagement, land size, education, animal ownership, irrigation, and household size as indicators of assets, while productivity, income diversification, service accessibility, and savings reflected capabilities. The findings revealed that access to irrigation, livestock ownership, and education significantly enhanced household capabilities, promoting sustainable development through increased income diversification and productivity. The study underscores the importance of targeted interventions to strengthen household capabilities and access to resources, which are vital for long-term growth and resilience in rural communities.
PowerModel-AI: A First On-the-fly Machine-Learning Predictor for AC Power Flow Solutions
Authors: Ugwumadu Chinonso , Tabarez Jose , Drabold David A. , Pandey Anup
Published: October 2024

The real-time creation of machine-learning models via active or on-the-fly learning has attracted considerable interest across various scientific and engineering disciplines. These algorithms enable machines to autonomously build models while remaining operational. Through a series of query strategies, the machine can evaluate whether newly encountered data fall outside the scope of the existing training set. In this study, we introduce PowerModel-AI, an end-to-end machine learning software designed to accurately predict AC power flow solutions. We present detailed justifications for our model design choices and demonstrate that selecting the right input features effectively captures load flow decoupling that is inherent in power flow equations. Our approach incorporates on-the-fly learning, where power flow calculations are initiated only when the machine detects a need to improve the dataset in regions where the model's performance is sub-optimal, based on specific criteria. Otherwise, the existing model is used for power flow predictions. This study includes analyses of five Texas A&M synthetic power grid cases, encompassing the 14-, 30-, 37-, 200-, and 500-bus systems. The training and test datasets were generated using PowerModels.jl, an open-source power flow solver/optimizer developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM, USA.
Can any procedure be hypnosis? Exploring the effect of framing on hypnotic depth and electrophysiological correlates of hypnosis in a balanced placebo design.
Authors: Kekecs Zoltan , Csikos Endre , Minh Nguyen Dang Quy , Farahzadi Yeganeh , Simor Peter , Nyiri Balazs , Rizzo Pietro , Olson Jay A. , Elkins Gary
Published: October 2024

Expectancy theory of hypnosis posits that any procedure can serve as a hypnotic induction provided it is labelled as “hypnosis”. The present study explored this hypothesis by contrasting the effects of two conventional and two unconventional (sham) hypnotic inductions on hypnotic experiences and electrophysiological correlates. In a 2x2 balanced placebo design, all participants were exposed to four conditions: conventional induction labeled as “hypnosis”, conventional induction labeled as “control”, unconventional induction labeled as “hypnosis”, and unconventional induction labeled as “control”. EEG was recorded from 128 channels. We computed EEG features that were identified in previous studies as correlates of hypnosis or hypnotizability.Consistent with the predictions of expectancy theory, we found that one of the unconventional (sham) inductions, “white noise hypnosis”, evoked comparable hypnosis depth to the conventional hypnotic inductions. However, contrary to its predictions, “embedded hypnosis”, another unconventional induction, evoked smaller hypnosis depth reports than the other three inductions. Most EEG features we explored did not differ between conventional and unconventional induction conditions. A possible exception is frontal theta activity, which appeared to increase more in conventional induction trials. The change in frontal gamma power negatively correlated with hypnosis depth, and occipital theta activity positively correlated with hypnotizability in both conventional and unconventional inductions. Overall, our results provide partial support for the expectancy theory of hypnosis. However, our findings should be considered exploratory. Confirmatory research is required to strengthen our confidence in these effects.
SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AND EPISTEMIC BELIEFS IN REMOTE LEARNING DURING A LOCKDOWN
Authors: GAO TINO
Published: October 2024

When learning remotely during a lockdown, students’ online learning engagement decreases while academic stress increases. In the present study, we aim to explain variations in online learning engagement and online academic stress in terms of students’ epistemic beliefs and self-regulated learning skills. We hypothesize that epistemic beliefs indirectly influence online learning engagement and online academic stress through their effect on motivation and self-efficacy. The study involves 398 students in grades 10 and 11. Results from the path analysis suggest that students who believe that knowledge is evolving (development) and gets handed down by authority figures (source) are more likely to be self-efficacious in their learning and exhibit higher levels of both learning- and performance-goal orientations. Additionally, mastery-goal orientation, performance-goal orientation, and self-efficacy are found to positively predict online learning engagement. Specifically, the mastery-goal orientation and self-efficacy are negatively associated with academic stress, while the performance-goal orientation is positively associated with academic stress.
The Future of Humans in This Universe
Authors: Ohnemus Alexander Luke
Published: October 2024

My theory: Racial Europeans are the result of every other race mixing together under snowy conditions of the Ice Age. Why I think my theory is right: 1)Racial Europeans are more individualistic than every other race. 2) Racial Europeans have bizarre fixations with racial diversity. 3)Racial Europeans have bizarre environmental wellness fixations. 4)Racial Europeans have the most recessive racial genes. 5)Racial Europeans have the biggest visual differences among themselves compared to any other race. 6) Philosophies that require individualism often emerged from Racial Europeans. 7)The entire concept of individualism, arguably, came from Racial Europeans. 8) Progressivism, an ideology that supports racial diversity and environmentalism, was created by Racial Europeans. So: If Racial Europeans are the result of every other race mixing under EXTREMELY snowy conditions, then complete race mixing, and another ice age may make the entire human race 100% Racially European. NOTE: I believe constructs are dominant(hence I AM A CONSTRUCTIVIST) while heuristics come from heritability(see: 1) Ohnemus , Alexander . “Constructivist Law and Hereditary HEURISTIC Theorem.” ResearchGate.net, Ohnemus University , 10 Aug. 2023, dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11979.77609. Accessed 21 Mar. 2024. Constructivist Law and Hereditary HEURISTIC Theorem(group theory) “A theorem which proves that given randomness such as entropy, the uncertainty principle, dimensionality, the fallacy of inductive reasoning, etc., a particular gene is NEVER KNOWN to manifest itself as a PARTICULAR trait. Thus, illnesses and other traits, as a HEURISTIC, should be monitored as POSSIBLY hereditary.” 2) Ohnemus , Alexander . “The Human Mating Pairing of Similar Strategists Is Definitely Constructivist and Possibly Hereditary Hypothesis.” ResearchGate.net, Ohnemus University , 19 Aug. 2023, dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.12848.12802. Accessed 21 Mar. 2024. ). Towards the end of the book, I mention how the Big Freeze End of the Universe(brought by Second Law of Thermodynamics) may MOMENTARILY only leave the populations with less dominant genes in existence. Table of contents: 1)A Possibly False White Origin Theory 2)A Possibly False White Origin Theory : The Diversity Caucasian Thesis 3)The Diversity Caucasian Thesis (Further Support) 4)The Diversity Caucasian Thesis: 3rd Essay 5)The Diversity Caucasian Thesis: Fourth Essay 6)Diversity Caucasian Thesis: Fifth Essay 7)The Whiteness Project 8)Western European Value Systems Also available here: https://www.amazon.com/Future-Humans-This-Universe-ebook/dp/B0BPW9RQ54/ref=mp_s_a_1_23?qid=1689957697&refinements=p_27%3AAlexander+Ohnemus&s=digital-text&sr=1-23
EU Climate and Smart City Missions: Universities Bridging Research & Education: Vol. 2 of Sourcebook Series: Building Capacity in Higher Education for Climate Change and Smart cities
Authors: Alpaydin Utku Ali Riza , Tosa Cristian , Lamas Marco , Jirovský Václav , Tichý Tomáš , Filip Josef
Published: October 2024

In an era where the urgency of addressing climate change and the complexities of urbanization converge, the role of higher education and research becomes paramount. The second sourcebook in the SMARTEDUCG series, titled "Enhancement of Synergy between Higher Education and Research Approaches for Climate Change and Smart Cities," is a testament to this pivotal role. This sourcebook is a beacon, guiding academic institutions and researchers through the intricate maze of mission-oriented innovation, particularly within the realms of climate-neutral and smart cities.
Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c Levels in a cohort of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kariyawasan C.C.  , Balasuriya B.L.T.  , Ranatunga S.A.C.D.  , Dissanayaka D.M.C.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Studies have reported that HbA1c levels can be changed by iron deficiency (ID) which is the commonest nutritional anaemia globally. This study was aimed at determining the effect of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) on HbA1c levels in a cohort of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Methods: A retrospective analytical study was performed for a period of six months from January 2021. Laboratory records of 281 adult T2DM patients both, anaemic (n=135) with Hb <12g/dL in females and <13g/dL males and transferrin saturation <16%, and nonanaemic (n=146) with Hb >12g/dL in females and >13g/dL in males were analyzed. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) version 20, descriptive statistical methods, Pearson’s Correlation test, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-Square test were used. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the total 281 patients diagnosed with T2DM, 150 were female, and 131 were male, spanning an age range of 22 to 96 years. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) values for HbA1c in both anaemic and non-anemic groups were 7.4±2.2% g/dL and 7.3±2.36% g/dL, respectively. Importantly, no statistically significant relationship was observed between the two groups (p=0.889). Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between HbA1c levels with serum iron (p=0.617), total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) (p=0.340), and transferrin saturation (p=0.168). Conclusion: The study reveals, HbA1c in T2DM patients with and without IDA show no significant difference. Therefore, HbA1c could be reliably used in monitoring patients with T2DM and IDA.
Keywords: T2DM, HbA1c, iron deficiency anaemia, red blood cell indices
Socio-economic consequences for Central Europe related to the mass migration of Ukrainian citizens after Russia's full-scale invasion
Authors:   Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland, Jureńczyk Łukasz , Soroka Svitlana ,   Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Published: October 2024

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused displacement on a scale not seen since the Second World War. More than 6.5 million refugees from Ukraine have been registered worldwide (as of 16 May 2024), and more than 4.2 million Ukrainians have received temporary protection in the EU. Most of them found shelter in Poland and Germany. These countries have received an influx of migrants that corresponds to the logic of their demographic development. Ukrainians are almost an ideal demographic resource for Central Europe. In August 2023, only one person in three wanted to return to Ukraine. If the Ukrainian refugees are properly adapted, they will provide additional development impulses to the countries where they reside.
Pengaruh Penerapan PSAK Nomor 71 pada Kinerja Perbankan Indonesia yang Terdaftar di BEI
Authors: Fiorintari Fiorintari , Widodo Agus , Mahyus Mahyus , Sari Wida Arindya
Published: October 2024

This research was motivated by changes in the implementation of PSAK in the banking world, which initially used PSAK 50 and 55, then replaced with PSAK 71 to calculate the CKPN. This research aims to determine the effect of implementing PSAK 71 on CKPN on the performance of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). This new policy standard for implementing PSAK 71 begins in 2020 and has an impact on CKPN and non-performing loans in a bank. Problematic credit can cause potential losses to banks. This research was conducted on banks in Indonesia and registered on the IDX. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data collection techniques used are documentation studies and library methods. The implementation of PSAK 71, which is proxied by CKPN, has a significant negative effect (0.010) on the profitability of banking companies with the largest assets in Indonesia which are listed on the BEI in 2019-2022. CKPN is formed in anticipation if the debtor (borrower) experiences default in the future during the loan period. The implementation of PSAK 71 requires banks to increase reserves (CKPN). This CKPN is recognized as a company expense. As the company's operational expenses increase, the company's profitability (ROA) decreases.
Peramalan Kurs Rupiah Terhadap Dolar Amerika Menggunakan Model Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average
Authors: Mubarok Fajar , Purnamasari Ika , Yuniarti Desi
Published: October 2024

Tinggi rendahnya nilai tukar rupiah memengaruhi kestabilan ekonomi suatu negara. Perekenomian nasional dapat dipengaruhi oleh turunnya nilai tukar rupiah. Oleh sebab itu, penting bagi pemerintah dan otoritas moneter untuk menerapkan kebijakan yang efektif dalam menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar. Prediksi pergerakan nilai tukar rupiah diperlukan guna merancang strategi kebijakan yang proaktif dapat digunakan untuk suatu tindakan pencegahan di masa depan. Metode peramalan ini melibatkan penggunaan teknik statistik untuk prediksi pergerakan nilai tukar di masa mendatang berdasarkan data masa lalu maupun masa kini. Metode peramalan yang paling sering digunakan yaitu ARIMA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meramalkan nilai tukar rupiah periode Februari hingga Juni 2024 berdasarkan data bulanan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar Amerika dari Januari 2014 hingga Januari 2024 menggunakan metode ARIMA. Hasil penelitian diperoleh model terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk meramalkan kurs rupiah terhadap dolar Amerika yaitu model ARIMA (2, 1, 0) dengan nilai MAPE sebesar 1,6% yang menunjukkan akurasi peramalan sangat akurat.