bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experienced Based Co Design: Nursing Preceptorship Educational Programme
Authors: Hardie Philip , Murray Aidan , Jarvis Prof Suzi , Redmond Catherine
Published: May 2022

Background
Patients play a central role in nursing preceptorship relationships, a professional educational relationship between a staff nurse and student nurse that is grounded in providing patient care. Yet the patient experiences and perspectives are largely uncaptured in the literature or represented in current preceptorship education programmes. Furthermore, the lack of student, staff nurse & patient involvement in the design of preceptorship education programmes has been noted.
Objective
To use a codesign process to develop an innovative educational programme for developing interpersonal and communication skills among nurses who act as preceptors. We sought to a) clarify experiences and events from all three members involved in a preceptorship relationship (student nurse, preceptor, and patient (SPP)) in order to develop a shared understanding of nursing preceptorship relationships and b) identify the key informational and educational needs recommended by SPP for the educational programme.
Methods
Using the principles and the iterative process of Experienced Based Co Design (EBCD), data was collected from qualitative interviews and used to inform a series of codesign workshops and the co-production of the new educational programme.
Results
Twenty-six individuals, including undergraduate student nurses, staff nurses, patients, and a team of nursing, educational and educational technologist experts, contributed to developing a Preceptorship educational programme that consists of three core elements 1) online reusable learning objects, 2) role play simulations and 3) a virtual reality storytelling simulated experience.
Conclusions
The EBCD process ensured that the educational programme was developed to meet SPP viewpoints associated with fostering positive interpersonal relationships in a nursing preceptorship. EBCD is a valuable framework for developing human-centred educational resources that combine experiential knowledge (experiences) and scientific knowledge (literature-based knowledge). It facilitated the identification and the development of IP & C skills training required within a nursing preceptorship relationship, creating an authentic and memorable learning programme. The structure of EBCD harnesses SPP involvement throughout the research and development process, ensuring transparency and continuity of message, scope, and outcomes.
New diagnostic histopathological approach in the evaluation of Ki-67 in GEP-NETs
Authors: Faviana Pinuccia , Boldrini Laura , Gentile Carlo , Erba Paola Anna , Sammarco Enrico , Bartoli Francesco , Esposito Enrica , Galli Luca , Lippolis Piero Vincenzo , Bardi Massimo
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Many studies over the past decade have shown that the Ki-67 index is a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis, classification of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs).In the present work, therefore, we have decided to evaluate the expression of Ki-67 based on the intensity of the stain, basing our hypothesis on the fact that the Ki-67 protein is continuously degraded during G0 and G1 and the production constantly increases from the start of the S phase until mitotic exit and therefore the longer a cell has spent hibernating, the lower its Ki-67 level will be when it re-enters the cell cycle.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a new immunohistochemical scoring method would be more effective in classifying NETs by reducing staining heterogeneity.Methods: 87 patients with GEP-NET were retrospectively analyzed. Along with the traditional Ki-67 rating, a new score based on the intensity of staining (semiquant Ki-67) was developed. The classification difference between the two methods was determined.Results: The classification of the classification changed significantly when the Ki-67 semi-quant index was used. The percentage of G1 patients increased from 18.4% to 60.9%, while the G2 patients decreased from 66.7% to 29.9% and the G3 patients also decreased from 14.9% to 9.2% %.Conclusions: The new analysis allowed to re-quantify the positive percentages of Ki-67, which can be used both as a marker of proliferation but also as a tool to map tumor dynamics that can influence the diagnosis and guide the choice of therapy.
Right ventricular outflow tract Doppler flow analysis and pulmonary arterial coupling by transthoracic echocardiography in sepsis. A retrospective exploratory study
Authors: Bowcock Emma Maria , Gerhardy Benjamin , Huang Stephen , Orde Sam
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) and pulmonary vascular dysfunction are common in sepsis and are associated with worse outcomes. RV performance is frequently assessed in isolation, yet its close relationship to afterload means combined evaluation with analysis of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) Doppler and RV-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling may be more informative. Data on feasibility, utility and prognostic significance of these parameters in sepsis is lacking and was explored in this study. Methods: Retrospective study over a three-year period of one-hundred and thirteen patients admitted to ICU with sepsis who had a transthoracic echocardiography with RVOT pulse wave Doppler (PWD). RVOT Doppler flow and RV-PA coupling was evaluated alongside other measurements of RV systolic function and pulmonary pressures. RVOT Doppler analysis included assessment of pulmonary artery acceleration time (PAAT) and presence of notching. RV-PA coupling was assessed using tricuspid annular planar systolic excursion/ pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) ratio. Discriminatory performance of PAAT and RV-PA coupling for ICU and hospital mortality were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: PAAT was measurable in 106 (94%) patients and TAPSE/PASP was measurable in 77 (73%). 69% had a PAAT of less than 100msec suggesting raised pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). PAAT was significantly shorter in those with RV-PA uncoupling (p=0.006). There was a trend towards shorter PAAT with increasing RV dysfunction (RVD) severity. Tricuspid regurgitant maximum velocity (TRVmax) was unable to be assessed in 24 (23%) patients where measurement of PAAT was possible. TAPSE/PASP <0.4mm/mmHg and PAAT corrected for heart rate (PAATc) < 76msec predicted hospital mortality with area under ROC curve of 0.7 and 0.8 respectively. Patients with a PAATc of <76mec had increased ICU and hospital mortality: OR 13.2 [CI 1.6-108] p=0.005 and OR 14 (3.2-65) p<0.001, respectively. TAPSE/PASP <0.4mm/Hg disclosed an increased hospital mortality (OR 4.4 [CI 1.3-15], p=0.02).Conclusion: Raised PVR and RV-PA uncoupling occur frequently in sepsis. Non-invasive assessment is feasible, and evaluation of these parameters could have prognostic utility. Their role in assisting improved definitions of RV dysfunction as well as their therapeutic significance requires further investigation in prospective studies.
Use of hemicellulose-derived xylose for starch production by mixotrophic duckweed
Authors: Hou Hongwei , Sun Zuoliang , Zhao Xuyao , Yang Jingjing , Chen Yan , Xia Manli , Li Xiaozhe
Published: May 2022

Background: Duckweeds are aquatic plants with considerable potential as substrates for environmentally sustainable production of bioenergy and protein because of extremely high starch and protein yield, and nutrient uptake capability from various wastewaters. D-xylose is a common sugar that exists on earth and the main sugar element of lignocellulosic hydrolysate. Efficient utilization of xylose is necessary to reduce the high cost of duckweed-based biofuel production. Results: In this study, the potential use of D-xylose by duckweed was tested for heterotrophy and mixotrophy. The results showed that duckweed was capable of mixotrophic growth but not heterotrophic growth on D-xylose, which suggested that photosynthesis was necessary for D-xylose metabolism, with increases in biomass yields of 2.8-fold compared with that of photoautotrophy. Furthermore, D-xylose markedly boosted starch accumulation up to 9.7 times higher than photoautotrophic duckweed, and promoted nutrient recovery efficiency. Conclusions: The present study showed that mixotrophic duckweed could use inorganic and organic carbon simultaneously, offering an attractive strategy to enhance the duckweed biomass production with a higher carbon capture efficiency from the surrounding environment, thus boosting starch and protein productivity for bioenergy and food conversion. The method developed in this study demonstrated novel applications in duckweed biomass-based renewable bioenergy production with inorganic and organic carbon capture combined with potentially organic carbon wastewater and flue gas (CO2) treatment. This will enable the recycling of different carbons for various uses and realize a circular economy.
UM-164: A c-Src/p38 Kinase Inhibitor inhibits proliferationand induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells
Authors: YANG KUN , XIAO MEI-XIAN , TANG XIANG‑JUN , SHAN QIANG , CHEN QIAN-XUE , ZHANG HUI-KAI
Published: May 2022

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, which
has high mortality and morbidity rates, and short survival time. here we tested a novel c-Src/p38 kinase inhibitor UM-164 in human glioblastoma cells in U87 and U251 cells. CCK-8 assay, EDU staining, colony formation, wound healing, cell cycle distribution analysis, migration and transwell invasion assays showed that UM-164 suppressed the proliferation and dose‑ and time‑dependent cytotoxicity in and exhibited a marked suppression after treating the U87 and U251 cells with UM-164. Flow cytometry, TUNNEL assays, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting test which tested the expression levels of BCL-2, BCL-XL, BAX, Cleaved-caspas-3, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, MMP-2, MMP-9, P38, P-P38, EGFR, P-EGFR(Tyr1068), AKT, P-AKT, P42 and P-P42 were changed after um-164 treatment have changed and exhibited a strong inhibition for the proliferation and induces apoptosis. taken together, our findings indicate that um-164 exerts an antitumor effect by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in human glioma cells. as for the present study provides evidence supportive of further development of multitarget kinase inhibitor UM-164 for adjuvant therapy and give a hope in GBM patients.
Mixed Organic and Inorganic Amendments Enhance Soil Microbial Interactions and environmental stress resistance of Tibetan Barley on Plateau Farmland
Authors: Guan Xiangyu , Cheng Zhen , Li Yiqiang , Zhao Ruoyu , Guo Zining , Zhao Tingting , Huang Liying , Qiu Cheng , Chen Liang , Shi Wenyu , Jin Song , Wang Jinfeng
Published: May 2022

BackgroundSufficient crop yield while maintaining soil health and sustainable agricultural development is a global objective, serving a special challenge to certain climate-sensitive plateau areas. Despite conducting trails on a variety of soil amendments in plateau areas, systematic research is lacking regarding the influences of organic and inorganic amendments on soil quality, particularly soil microbiome. To our knowledge, this was the first study that compared the effects of inorganic, organic, and mixed amendments on typical plateau crop hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum; also known as “Qingke” in Chinese) in Tibet over the course of tillering, jointing, and ripening. ResultsMicrobial communities and their responses to amendments, soil properties, Tibetan hulless barley growth, yield, and their indicator microbial species were investigated. Results indicated that mixed organic and inorganic amendments promoted the abundance of rhizosphere microorganisms, enhancing the rhizosphere root-microbes interactions and resistance to pathogenic bacteria and environmental stresses. Additionally, values of total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio and the hullesss barley yield were the highest when mixed organic and inorganic amendments were applied. The rhizosphere microbiome demonstrated its unique adaptation to the plateau environment in carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus cycles, as well as resistance to environmental stresses. The 23 genes involved in plant growth and environmental adaptation in the mixed amendments treatments were significantly higher than other treatments. ConclusionsFindings from this study suggest that the mixed organic/inorganic amendments can help establish a healthy microbiome and increase soil quality while achieving sufficient hulless barley yields in Tibet and presumably other similar geographic areas of high altitude.
TSPO PET Signal is Associated with Survival in Recurrent Gliomas
Authors: Quach Stefanie , Holzgreve Adrien , Kaiser Lena , Unterrainer Marcus , Dekorsy Franziska J. , Nelwan Debie V. , Bartos Laura M. , Kirchleitner Sabrina V. , Weller Jonathan , Weidner Lorraine , Niyazi Maximilian , Ruf Viktoria C. , Herms Jochen , Stöcklein Sophia , Wetzel Christian , Riemenschneider Markus J. , von Baumgarten Louisa , Thon Niklas , Brendel Matthias , Rupprecht Rainer , Bartenstein Peter , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Albert Nathalie Lisa
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Glioma patients, especially recurrent glioma, suffer from a poor prognosis. While advances to classify glioma on a molecular level improved prognostication at initial diagnosis, markers to prognosticate survival in the recurrent situation are still needed. As 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) was previously reported to be associated with aggressive histopathological glioma features, we correlated the TSPO positron emission tomography (PET) signal in a large cohort of recurrent glioma patients with their clinical outcome.
Methods
In patients with TSPO PET at glioma recurrence, TSPO PET parameters (e.g. SUVmax) as well as other imaging features (e.g. MRI volume, [18F]FET PET parameters when available) were evaluated together with patient characteristics (age, sex, Karnofsky-Performance score) and neuropathological features (e.g. WHO grade, IDH-mutation status). Uni- and multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for post-recurrence survival (PRS) and time to treatment failure (TTF).
Results
88 consecutive patients were evaluated. TSPO tracer uptake correlated with tumor grade at recurrence (p < 0.05), with no significant differences in IDH-wildtype versus IDH-mutant tumors. Within the subgroup of IDH-mutant glioma (n = 46), patients with low SUVmax (median split, ≤ 1.60) had a significantly longer PRS (median 41.6 vs. 25.3 months, p = 0.031) and TTF (32.2 vs 8.7 months, p = 0.001). Also among IDH-wildtype tumors (n = 42), patients with low SUVmax (≤ 1.89) had a significantly longer PRS (median not reached vs 8.2 months, p = 0.002). SUVmax remained an independent prognostic factor for PRS in the multivariate analysis including CNS WHO grade, IDH status and age. Tumor volume defined by [18F]FET PET or contrast-enhanced MRI correlated weakly with TSPO tracer uptake. Treatment regimen did not differ among the median split subgroups.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that TSPO PET can help to prognosticate recurrent glioma patients even among homogeneous molecular subgroups and may therefore serve as valuable non-invasive biomarker for individualized patient management.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of thymic clear cell carcinoma: a case report with literature review
Authors: Zhao Zuxuan , Zeng Qingpeng , Li Jiangtao , Zheng Shan
Published: May 2022

Background: Thymic clear cell carcinoma is a rare mediastinal neoplasm, with only 25 reported cases to date. We report a case of a 45-year-old man with thymic clear cell carcinoma. We think imaging and laboratory tests may be helpful for differential diagnosis.Case presentation: A 45-year-old male was admitted to a local hospital for chest distress with cardiopalmus. CT showed a mediastinal mass. Laboratory examination results were all in the normal range. Histologically, the tumor cells had a clear cytoplasm, and immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for epithelial markers. We performed abdominal and pelvic CT and further examined serum levels of thyroxine, parathyroid hormone and AFP postoperatively, which were normal. The patient received postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and CT showed left adrenal metastasis at 20 months after surgery.Conclusion: Thymic clear cell carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm. Adrenal metastasis can occur. Patients undergo thymectomy with chemotherapy or with radiotherapy have better outcoming. Metastasis, direct invasion of parathyroid carcinoma and other primary tumors in the mediastinum should be excluded. Immunohistochemical markers, imaging and laboratory examination can help to exclude metastasis.
A Novel N7-Methylguanosine-Related lncRNA Signature Predicts the Prognosis of Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Sun Guowei , Fu Yayan , Shao Wenzhe , Zhang Cangyuan , Long Ziyang , Bao Li , Sun Biao , Wang Wei , Wang Liuhua , Ren Jun , Sun Qiannan , Tang Dong , Wang Daorong
Published: May 2022

Background: The most common subtype of colorectal cancer is colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). However, few studies have investigated the predictive value of N7-methylguanosine(m7G)-related long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in COAD. We aim to use m7G-related lncRNAs to construct a prognostic model for COAD.Methods: RNA-seq data and the corresponding clinical and prognostic Data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.M7G-related lncRNAs with prognostic values were identified using the univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Based on Kaplan-Meier curves, we compared the survival rates in the high-risk and low-risk groups. The functional enrichment of m7G-related lncRNAs with a prognostic value was interpreted using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Finally, we studied the relationship between predictive signature and treatment response in patients with COAD.Results: Six m7G-related lncRNAs (LINC01063, ARRDC1-AS1, AL354993.2, ZEB1-AS1, SNHG16, LINC02474) were identified to establish a signature. The m7G-related lncRNA signature may be able to predict COAD patients' prognosis independently. The OS times of patients in the high-risk group were shorter than those in the low-risk group. With an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.742, the m7G-related lncRNA prognostic signature had a better prognostic prediction than clinicopathological variables. The high-risk group has the most tumor-related pathways, according to GSEA. The prognostic characteristic was linked to the immunological state of COAD patients, according to GSEA. The conventional chemotherapy medicines axitinib, cytarabine, sorafenib, parthenolide and vorinostat were more sensitive in high-risk individuals.Conclusion: Our study develops a COAD risk model consisting of six lncRNAs related to m7G that have independent prognostic values. Clinically, the lncRNA signature could improve prediction of outcomes for patients with COAD and, with further prospective validation, could help guide tailored therapy for COAD patients
The Pyroptosis-Related Signature Predicts Prognosis and Indicates New Treatment Targets in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhao Zhenyu , Yan Hai , Li Xiao , Yu Yanling , Wang Chunyan
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a malignant tumor leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Pyroptosis is a recently identified inflammatory cell death that is associated with tumor progression, prognosis, and treatment response. Our study investigated the potential roles of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Methods
We explored 48 PRGs in 350 PAAD samples from genetic and transcriptional fields. Immunocyte subsets in three subgroups were investigated and we found that B-PRGcluster was correlated with PAAD progression and TME cell- infiltrating characteristics. Then, we established a highly accurate nomogram for improving the clinical applicability of the PRG_score. Moreover, we evaluated chemotherapeutic agents used for PAAD to assess the susceptibility of patients in low-risk and high-risk groups to these agents.
Results
Significant differences in the genetic landscape and expression levels of PRGs between PAAD and normal samples indicated a potential role for PRGs in the development of PAAD. The prognosis of PAAD patient was significantly correlated with the expression levels of PRG. The infiltration immune cells in B_PRGcluster was identified which play the role of PRG in the TME of PAAD. The PFS of 1,2 and 3 years had higher accuracy, and TP53 was the second most frequently mutated gene after KARS in high-risk and low-risk groups classified by PRG-score. The rise of Risk Score indicated that the number of patients in Dead state was significantly increased, and the gene expression showed a positive correlation with Risk Score. The correlation between Tumor Burden Mutation and risk score showed a significant positive correlation.
Conclusion
Our investigation of PRGs in PAAD revealed their potential roles in the TME, clinicopathological features, and prognosis. These findings highlight a new insight in the understanding of PRGs in PAAD and offer a novel approach to immunotherapy strategies.
Genomic Surveillance of SARS-COV-2 reveals diverse circulating variant lineages in Nairobi and Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Kuja Josiah O. , Kanoi Bernard N. , Shiluli Clement , Maina Michael , Waweru Harrison , Gethii Kimita , Mungai Mary , Masika Moses , Anzala Omu , Mwau Matilu , Clark Taane G. , Waitumbi John , Gitaka Jesse
Published: May 2022

Genomic surveillance and identification of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks are important in understanding the genetic diversity, phylogeny, and lineages of SAR-CoV-2. Genomic surveillance provides insights into circulating infections, and insights into the robustness and design of vaccines and other infection control approaches. We sequenced 56 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from a Kenyan clinical population, of which 52 passed the Ultrafast sample Placement on the existing tRE for the phylo-genome-temporal analyses across two regions in Kenya (Nairobi and Kiambu County). B.1.1.7 (Alpha; n = 32, 61.5%) and B.1 (n = 9, 17.3%) lineages were the most predominant variant with a wide-range of Ct values (5–31) and variant mutations across the two regions. Lineages B.1.617.2, B.1.1, A.23.1, A.2.5.1, B.1.596, A, and B.1.405 were also detected across the sampling sites within the target population. The lineages and genetic isolates were traced back to China (A), Costa Rica (A.2.5.1), Europe (B.1, B.1.1, A.23.1), USA (B.1.405, B.1.596), South Africa (B.1.617.2), and United Kingdom (B.1.1.7), indicating multiple introduction events. There were, however, no genetic isolates associated with the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of concern that is less severe than the previous variants.
Highly efficient transgene-free plant genome editing in tobacco using an optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system, pOREU3TR
Authors: Zhang Jianduo , Xing Jiaxin , Mi Qili , Yang Wenwu , Xiang Haiying , Xu Li , Zeng Wanli , Wang Jin , Deng Lele , Jiang Jiarui , Yang Guangyu , Gao Qian , Li Xuemei
Published: May 2022

Background: CRISPR-Cas9 Genome-editing technology has revolutionized the plant science and hold enormous promise in crop improvement. When performing the gene editing system for crops, it is crucial to eliminate of the Cas9/sgRNA T-DNA cassette in the T1 generation. Results: Here, we firstly validated that incorporating an OsU3-tRNA promoter combination in the CRISPR/Cas9 system contributed to the highest mutagenesis efficiency that increased sgRNA expression levels over the AtU6-tRNA and AtU6 promoters by editing the NtPDS gene (Ntab0595110) in tobacco. Then we optimized the existing tobacco CRISPR/Cas9 system by using the OsU3-tRNA promoter combination instead of AtU6, and fusing an AtUb10-Ros1 expression cassette in T-DNA for monitoring the transgene events. The new vector was named as pOREU3TR. As expected, 52 transgene-free and homozygous gene-edited green plants were effectively screened at T1 generation by editing the NtLHT1 gene (Ntab0818090) in tobacco, and the contents of most free amino acids in the T2 mutants ntlht1 leaves were detected significantly different from those in the wild type leaves, demonstrating the highly efficient of the system.Conclusions: This OsU3-tRNA-sgRNA/AtUb10-Ros1 system provides essential improvements to increase the efficiency of plant genome editing.
Adropin is involved in the protective effect of ellagic acid against high-glucose induced injury in human umbilical venous endothelial Cells
Authors: Sheikh Somayeh , Dehghani Hesam , Kazerani Hamid Reza
Published: May 2022

Background: There is escalating evidence suggesting the beneficial effects of ellagic acid (EA) on the cardiovascular system. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of EA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) against high glucose (HG)- induced endothelial dysfunction and the potential roles of adropin and NO in this regard.Methods and Results: The experimental groups consisted of normal and HG (30 mM, 48 h) treated HUVECs incubated without or with 5 or 10 μM of EA (6 groups of at least 6 replicates, each). The cell count and metabolism were studied. Moreover, the markers of redox state including malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes, as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assayed. The levels of adropin and eNOS gene expression were also studied using qPCR. A high concentration of glucose reduced cell count and caused lipid peroxidation, reduced antioxidant capacity of the cells, decreased NO levels, and downregulated the expression of NOS3 (encoding eNOS) and ENHO (encoding Adropin) genes. Ellagic acid reversed all these effects.Conclusions: These results suggest a significant protective effect for EA against HG-induced injury in HUVECs. The improved redox state and upregulation of NOS3 and ENHO genes seem to play critical roles in this regard.
Predicting hypogonadotropic hypogonadism persistence in male macroprolactinoma
Authors: Rudman Yaron , Duskin-Bitan Hadar , Masri-Iraqi Hiba , Akirov Amit , Shimon Ilan
Published: May 2022

Purpose:To study the baseline characteristics predicting hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) persistence in men with macroprolactinoma that achieved prolactin normalization.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Methods:Male patients diagnosed with macroprolactinoma and HH that received cabergoline treatment with subsequent prolactin normalization were included: men that achieved eugonadism, and men that remained hypogonadal. Patient’s demographic, clinical and biochemical parameters, sellar imaging and visual fields tests were obtained. Univariate and multivariate models were used to identify predictors of HH persistence.Results:Fifty-eight male patients (age, 49.2±12.6 years) with a median baseline prolactin of 1154 ng/mL (IQR, 478-2763 ng/mL) and adenoma (maximal) diameter of 25.9±14.8 mm were followed for a median of 5.6 years (IQR, 3.0-10.7). Twelve men (21%) suffered from HH persistence at the end of follow-up and 46 men achieved eugonadism. Forty-two out of 46 men (91%) accomplished eugonadism within the first year following prolactin normalization.In a multivariate logistic regression model, hypopituitarism (OR=10.1; 95% CI 1.10 – 101.94), visual field defect (OR=9.9; 95% CI 1.07 – 92.33), and low baseline testosterone levels (OR=0.5; 95% CI 0.29 – 0.93) were independent predictors of HH persistence.Conclusion:In our cohort of men with macroprolactinoma that reached prolactin normalization with cabergoline treatment, 21% had HH persistence. Pituitary hormone deficiency, visual field defects, and low baseline testosterone levels were independently associated with HH persistence. 91% of men achieved eugonadism within the first year following prolactin normalization. These findings may support informed clinical decision-making regarding the initiation of testosterone replacement in men with macroprolactinomas.
Prevalence and economic importance of bovine hydatidosis in animal slaughtered in Dalomana municipal abattoir Southeastern, Ethiopia
Authors: Jilo Sufian Abdo , Abadura Sadik zakir , shibeshi Nigatu Taddese , Hussein Johar Aliye , Nair Sureshkumar p. , Gelchu Aliyi Adem
Published: May 2022

A cross-sectional study was conducted on bovine hydatidosis from May 2018 to November 2020 with the aims of finding its incidence and economic losses in bovine slaughtered for human consumption in Dalomana municipality abattoir. Usual ante mortem and post-mortem inspection was carried out on overall of 430 selected slaughtered cattle. From this total inspected, 82(19.1%) of them had harboured hydatid cyst (s) in one or more of their organ’s. Age and body condition as a risk factor were statistically significant as older zebus and medium were more infected (P < 0.05, χ2 = 14.597 and p value < 0.05 χ2 = 9.68) respectively. Similarly, the geographical origin of the animals had significant contribution on hyadatid cyst distribution (P < 0.05, χ2 = 12.724). Sex was statistically non-significant (P > 0.05, χ2 = 0.74) and have no difference.The single and multiple organs were infected by hydatid cysts. From the total of 282 hydatid cysts collected and characterized lung and liver took more percentage in harboring cysts, from this 137(48.58%) and 126(44.68%) cysts were observed in lung and liver respectively and 19(6.74%) are observed in other organ, such as spleen kidney, and heart. The study indicated that annual economic failure due to direct organ condemnation and indirect carcass weight loss from the disease in Dalomana was estimated to be 105769.657 ETB. Hence, bovine hydatidosis is significantly a common disease in cattle, with severe public health fears and leads considerable observable and undetectable losses in bovine in Dalomana and its surroundings.
Characterization and Prediction of Dengue Virus targeting peptides based on three class of descriptors using k-NN and Random Forest algorithm.
Authors: Elumalai Elakkiya , Muthuvel Suresh Kumar
Published: May 2022

Dengue virus peptides are emerging as potential therapeutics for dengue infection. Due to the important role of dengue peptides in curbing dengue infection, their identification has proven crucial in terms of infection biology. To calculate differences between amino acids and physiochemical attributes, statistical tests and F-scores were used in this work. In this study, we presented the first evidence, to our knowledge, for the relationship between dengue virus inhibiting and non-inhibiting peptides with amino acid use and biological properties. We found that the frequency of Glycine (G), Phenylalanine (F), and Tryptophan (W) was significantly higher in dengue virus inhibitory peptides. Similarly, aromatic amino acids in non-inhibiting peptides were found to be less than 5%. The distribution of solvent accessible residues in non-inhibiting peptides was found to be less as compared to inhibiting peptides. The alpha helices and beta sheets in dengue virus inhibiting peptides are equally distributed but in non-inhibiting peptides, the proportion of beta sheets is more as compared to alpha helices. We have used 8 machine learning algorithms to predict dengue peptides. Here we have used three class of descriptors namely Amino acid composition (AAC), grouped amino acid composition, transition and distribution (GAAC) and Composition, transition and distribution features (CTDC). We have compared all 8 machine learning models for the three classes. The machine learning algorithm were, Random forest (RF), Multi-layer perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic regression, K-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN), Naivebayes, Adaboost and Bagging. The best model was reposted as AAC_k-NN_model, accuracy was 90.47. Subsequently, other four best model were AAC_SVM_model, CTDC_SVM_model, AAC_RF_model and GAAC_RF_model. In all the three class, k-NN and RF models were found to be the best classifier. Our classifier produced superior predicting outcomes when compared to previously developed algorithms. In conclusion, we looked at the differences in amino acids and physiochemical properties between dengue viral peptides, using the grouped amino acid composition to build a classifier that predicts these dengue virus inhibitory peptide.
Pan-cancer analyses reveal molecular and clinical characteristics of cuproptosis regulators in cancer
Authors: Wu Changwu , Tan Jun , Wang Xiangyu , Qin Chaoying , Long Wenyong , Pan Yimin , Li Yuzhe , Liu Qing
Published: May 2022

Imbalance in copper homeostasis can be lethal to the body. A recent study found that excess copper induces cell death in a way that has never been characterized before, which is dependent on mitochondrial stress and referred to as “cuproptosis.” The role of cuproptosis in tumors has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we revealed the complex and important roles of cuproptosis regulators and cuproptosis activity in tumors via a comprehensive analysis of multi-omics data from more than 10 000 samples of 33 tumor types. We found that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A is the most frequently altered cuproptosis regulator, and the cuproptosis regulator expression is dysregulated in various tumors. Additionally, we developed a cuproptosis activity score to reflect the overall cuproptosis level. Based on the expression levels of cuproptosis regulators, tumors can be divided into two clusters with different cuproptosis activities and survival outcomes. Importantly, cuproptosis activity was found to be associated with the prognosis of multiple tumors and multiple tumor-related pathways, including fatty acid metabolism and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, cuproptosis extensively increased the sensitivity to multiple drugs and exhibited potential to predict the outcome of immunotherapy. We also comprehensively identified cuproptosis-related microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and transcription factors. In summary, this study reveals important molecular and clinical characteristics of cuproptosis regulators and cuproptosis activity in tumors, and suggests the use of cuproptosis as a promising tumor therapeutic approach. This study provides an important reference point for future cuproptosis-related research.
‹Ins Off zu Lehren ist wie liebevoll-aufwändiges Kochen für Freunde, ohne das Verspeisen zu erleben›
Authors: Carolus Astrid , Münch Catharina
Published: May 2022

Die COVID-19-Krise offenbarte Mängel in der Digitalisierung der Schulen, die seither intensiv diskutiert wurden. Diese Studie argumentiert für eine Perspektiverweiterung, die über die Ebene der technischen Ausstattung hinausgeht: In der Analyse des Verhaltens, der Kognitionen und Emotionen von Lehrkräften wird ein forschungsheuristisch fruchtbarer Ansatz für die Untersuchung von Faktoren erkannt, die der mangelnden Digitalisierung potenziell zugrunde liegen. In einer Kombination aus einer qualitativen und quantitativen Onlineerhebung fragt die Studie N = 50 Lehrkräfte nach ihrem Umgang mit dem Fernunterricht während der COVID-19-Pandemie sowie nach ihrer Perspektive auf digitale Medien und Technik. Die Ergebnisse geben einen Einblick in die medienbezogene Unterrichtsgestaltung in der COVID-19-Krise, die Bewertung des Fernunterrichts, weiter in die Nutzung und Bewertung von Medien. Zudem wird gezeigt, dass zwei psychologische Faktoren – «Persönliche Entfaltung» und «Änderungsbereitschaft» – signifikant mit der Technikbereitschaft der Lehrkräfte zusammenhängen. Die Studie leistet insgesamt einen ersten Beitrag zur Analyse der Situation der Lehrkräfte in der gegenwärtigen Pandemie und präsentiert Implikationen sowohl für zukünftige Forschung als auch für die Praxis der Fortbildung der Lehrkräfte.
GENUS / FAMILY AS THE BASIS OF THE LIFE OF UKRAINIAN ETHNOSIS (BY FOLKLORE RESOURCES OF THE END OF THE 19TH TO THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY)
Authors: Mushketyk Lesia
Published: May 2022

The purpose and objectives of our study are to consider the axiological values of the family in the traditional Ukrainian society of the late nineteenth - early twentieth century, based on the material of oral creativity. This is relevant in terms of studying and promoting the ethos values of Ukrainian society, its best ethnic traditions, and mental qualities. The values of the genus and the family were highly valued in the Ukrainian traditional society. They were the basis of the material and spiritual life of human. This homo-centricity was widely reflected in oral poetry, both prose and song. The image of the kindred (family) in Ukrainian folklore rises to the level of higher existential values of human. The importance of the genus and the family in folk culture, in particular folklore, was written by M. Kostomarov, P. Zhitetsky, M. Sumtsov, I. Franko, V. Hnatyuk, M. Gaidai, M. Pasyak, A. Dey, N. Shumada, V. Skrypnyk and others. In the verbal creativity, there were echoes of the generic structure of society, when the survival of primitive people was possible only in the collective ¬- tribal community. Joint work and residence required regulation of behavior, observance of the rules of coexistence. At this time, simple norms of morality were developed in the clan communities, which included patriarchal families: respect for the father (heads of the family) and elders, the burning of the younger and weak, the patriotism, the respect of the deceased, the family, collectivism. The concept of "genus", "family", "relatives", "native land", "homeland" in folklore are verbalized in the concept of "own"/"stranger". The greatest punishment in ancient times was expulsion from the family, abandonment, deprivation of relatives. In folk songs and other folklore genres depicted the subordinate position of a woman (young woman) in a new family, marginal status of an orphan, widow. In the sense of the homeland, country or family, there may be a hut, which in this meaning gathers the cabaret measurements both externally and internally (archetypes: house-field-temple). Through the genus, the family comes to realize the affiliation of the individual to a larger formation as the state, formed a sense of patriotism, love for their homeland. The high aspiration to the "proper", its merger with the existing, is found in the carol-loving world of an ideal peasant family, where peace, harmony and love prevail, each has its own purpose and scope of duties, behaves in accordance with established ages and sexual norms
Tuberculous Mastoiditis: A Rare Disorder
Authors: Mohan Deepa , Khir Mohamad , Yahya Noorizan , Musa Zalilah
Published: May 2022

Tuberculosis can masquerade any disease. Tuberculous mastoiditis is a silent disease. We report a case of tubercular mastoiditis which presented as a post-auricular swelling with ear discharge, pain, tinnitus, and reduced hearing. Radiological findings were suggestive of abscess; however, the histopathological report showed evidence of tubercular foci. A high level of clinical suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and antitubercular therapy should be initiated early to prevent the possible complication.
Effects of COVID-19 in Pregnancy
Authors: Reddy Gillela Vidushi
Published: May 2022

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has emerged to be one of the scariest contagious diseases in recent times. It was first identified in December 2019 in a city named Wuhan in China. Since, then over millions of cases have been reported, with the numbers still rising, affecting over 150 countries and causing millions of deaths. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 and the main presenting symptoms are cough, fever, chills, fatigue, sore throat, and myalgia. While the health-line workers all over the world are fighting to combat this virus, there is a lot fear and anxiety prevailing among people but there is an increased tension among the pregnant women. A lot of questions are being raised like should the pregnant individuals be extra cautious? Do they have an increased risk of suffering a miscarriage? Is there an increased risk of giving birth to preterm babies? Is it even advisable to plan for pregnancy during these tough times? In general, in pregnancy due to a change in the hormone levels and immune system functions there is an increased risk to catch a lot of infectious diseases prevailing around us, but a lot of case studies suggest that pregnant women do not seem to be at a greater risk for COVID-19 than other individuals. However, it is important to address this issue as the numbers have been rising rapidly with no specific cure available as of now.
Assessment of Pre-surgical Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Levels in Patients Undergoing Surgical Procedures in the General Surgery Department
Authors: Muralikrishna Talari , Sivasankar P. R. , Narayana Ragala , Rachel Lanka Vimala
Published: May 2022

Aim: The present study was undertaken to observe the pre-surgical depression, anxiety, and stress levels in patients undergoing surgical procedures in the general surgery department. Methods: Study design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary care centers Study population: The study recruited 30 male and female patients who were undergoing surgeries in the general surgery department irrespective of the type of surgery they undergoing between November 2018 and December 2018. Assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress: The psychological parameter that is depression, anxiety, and stress was assessed using depression anxiety and stress scale-42 questionnaire. Results: There were significantly higher scores of depression, anxiety, and stress scores in both males and females. Depression scores were not significantly different among males and females. However, anxiety scores were significantly higher in females when compared with males. A similar observation was found in the case of stress scores as there is a significant increase in the stress scores in females when compared with males. Conclusion: The study confirms the reports of earlier studies that there will be higher levels of stress in pre-operative patients. The study also recommends further detailed studies in this area.
Re-exploring Saliva as an Analyte in Estimation of Lithium in Stable Bipolar Patients – A Pilot Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal
Authors: Saha Debajyoti , Gupta Nabarun , Begum Sabnam Ara , Ghoshal Malay Kumar , Tripathi Santanu Kumar , Sen Sukanta
Published: May 2022

Background: Lithium a frequently prescribed drug in the treatment of bipolar affective disorder, due to its inherent adverse potential and narrow therapeutic index, demands for regular therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Although the term TDM seems to be tedious, the most tedious job is to collect blood samples from patients with psychiatric illness. In this study, we aimed to find out an alternative method to serum lithium monitoring. Although saliva as an analyte is non-popular, the presence of lithium in the saliva in patients who consumes lithium makes procedure of collection easier. The rate of elimination of lithium is slower from saliva than from serum, which makes the concentration of lithium higher in saliva than in blood. Lithium elimination follows two compartment pharmacokinetic models, where important part of compartment is saliva and salivary glands. The trouble of repeated venipuncture can be done away with, if a non-invasive method for serum lithium concentration is taken into consideration. An alternative method of determining lithium level could be saliva. The aim of this study was to find out whether estimation of lithium in saliva can replace serum lithium estimation. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 stable patients of bipolar disorder attending psychiatry outdoor on lithium therapy for 3 months or more were considered. After informed consent documentation serum and saliva samples were collected after 12 h of last dose of lithium carbonate intake. Assessment was done based on atomic absorption spectrometry. After statistical analysis, it was found that that there is a correlation between serum and saliva lithium level. The 60 patients were divided into two groups, consisting of 30 patients each. Linear regression was done in both the groups thereby the formula obtained from the first group, was utilized to calculate the saliva concentration form serum concentration. The mean values were compared at the last. Results: The mean serum lithium obtained was 0.99 ± 0.257 SD (mEq/L) and mean salivary lithium obtained was 1.63 ± 0.51 SD (mEq/L) in Group 1. Whereas, the mean serum lithium obtained was 0.79 ± 0.26 SD (mEq/L) and mean salivary lithium obtained was 1.67 ± 0.49 SD (mEq/L) in group 2. Lithium concentration from both the samples showed a positive correlation as obtained from the scatter plot. Conclusion: Salivary Li estimation seems to yield positive results, yet more research should be done in this regard. Since saliva method for estimation is non-invasive, the idea could be utilized in designing other devices
Breast Cancer and Its Treatments: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Rajeshbhai Joshi Zankhna , Bapna Mayank , Patel Bhagirath
Published: May 2022

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Prediction models can aid in the development of screening recommendations based on the presence of identified and quantifiable hormonal, environmental, family, or genetic risk factors. This condition has an effect on a woman’s physical, mental, and social well-being, among other things. During an illness, however, things such as social and family support can help to reduce its effects. While the (exact) cause of breast cancer remains unknown, the disease’s risk factors have been established. Age, a family history of breast cancer, specific changes in the breast(s), gene changes, a history of productivity and menopause, a lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption, obesity, diet, race, and chest radiation therapy are all factors that contribute to breast cancer.
Convalescent Plasma - A Review of this Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Combating Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Pal Agnik , Ray Arpan , Pramanik Amit Kiran , Das Aditi , Sen Sukanta
Published: May 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant threat to global health and World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this outbreak as a “public health emergency of international concern” on January 31, 2020. Globally, there is currently no effective post-infection prophylaxis for the treatment of COVID-19, although some drugs are being repurposed. Some vaccines have been developed and vaccination in different countries are undergoing at present, but duration of such vaccination in the long term protection is still unknown to us. Many therapeutic drugs, including chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin, remdesivir, favipiravir, nitazoxanide, ribavirin, baricitinib, penciclovir, ritonavir, and arbidol, have been tried as experimental medicine as they are thought to be reducing the viral load by different mechanisms but only a few has shown slight promising viral impact in the initial study. There are no antibodies for the prevention of COVID-19. Immune (i.e., “convalescent”) plasma (CP) refers to plasma that is collected from individuals, following resolution of infection and development of antibodies. Antibody therapy can be used to treat patients who are already manifesting symptoms of varying severity. CP has shown limited and moderate success, previously for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-1 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, and for COVID-19 in China, and could serve as a short-term solution to suppress mortality rates in India and worldwide. Based on the limited scientific data, convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT) therapy in COVID-19 patient appears safe, clinically effective, and reduces mortality. Well-designed large multicenter clinical trial studies should be conducted urgently to establish the efficacy of CPT to COVID-19 patients. At present, in India ICMR-CP trial (Placid Trial) on COVID-19 patients had been done. CP was not associated with a reduction in progression to severe COVID-19 or all-cause mortality. With this review, we have tried to highlight progress of CP on COVID-19 patients.