bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of Sodium 6‐[(5‐Chloro‐2‐{ [(4‐chloro‐2‐fluorophenyl)methyl]oxy}phenyl)methyl] ‐2‐pyridinecarboxylate (GSK269984A) (VIIb) an EP1 Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Inflammatory Pain.
Authors: Hall Adrian , et al. et al.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Pyridine Carboxylic Acid Chlorides with Alkylzinc Reagents.
Authors: Iwai Toshiyuki , Nakai Takeo , Mihara Masatoshi , Ito Takatoshi , Mizuno Takumi , Ohno Toshinobu
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of 1‐Chloro‐6‐methoxy‐isoquinolin‐3‐ol and Its Derivatives.
Authors: Zheng Zhizhen Barbara , Wang Alan Xiangdong , Scola Paul , D'Andrea Stanley
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines by One‐Pot Domino Three‐Component Indole Formation and Nucleophilic Cyclization.
Authors: Ohta Yusuke , Oishi Shinya , Fujii Nobutaka , Ohno Hiroaki
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Syntheses of 2‐ and 4‐Formylpyrido[2,1‐b]benzoxazoles.
Authors: Li Ke‐Lai , Du Zong‐Bo , Guo Can‐Cheng , Chen Qing‐Yun
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzo[f]quinoline Derivatives by Three‐Component Condensation of Tetronic Acid with Naphthalen‐2‐amine and Formaldehyde.
Authors: Kadutskii A. P. , Kozlov N. G. , Pashkovskii F. S.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Aryl(hetaryl)vinyl‐Substituted Benzo[f]quinolines and 4,7‐Phenanthrolines.
Authors: Kozlov N. G. , Lysenko G. N. , Ogorodnikova M. M. , Gusak K. N.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Blood Glucose Lowering Effect of Novel Pyridazinone Substituted Benzenesulfonylurea Derivatives.
Authors: Rathish I. G. , Javed Kalim , Bano Sameena , Ahmad Shamim , Alam M. S. , Pillai K. K.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselectivity of Multicomponent Condensations of Barbituric Acids, 5‐Aminopyrazoles, and Aldehydes.
Authors: Muravyova Elena A. , Shishkina Svetlana V. , Musatov Vladimir I. , Knyazeva Irina V. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Desenko Sergey M. , Chebanov Valentin A.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,3‐Dichloroquinoxalines via Vilsmeier Reagent Chlorination.
Authors: Romer Duane R.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antileishmanial Activity of Novel 2,4,6‐Trisubstituted Pyrimidines and 1,3,5‐Triazines.
Authors: Sunduru Naresh , Nishi Nishi , Palne Shraddha , Chauhan Prem M. S. , Gupta Suman
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Arylmethyl‐3‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐9‐ones (IV)
Authors: Moskalenko A. I. , Boev V. I.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Au(PPh3)Cl—AgSbF6‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of Propargylic 1,3‐Dithianes: Formation of 8‐Membered 1,3‐Bisthio‐Substituted Cyclic Allenes.
Authors: Zhao Xia , Zhong Zhenzhen , Peng Lingling , Zhang Wenxiong , Wang Jianbo
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 1,3‐Thiazepine Derivatives.
Authors: Struga Marta , Kossakowski Jerzy , Miroslaw Barbara , Koziol Anna E. , Zimniak Andrzej
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 3,5‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐1,2‐benzoquinone in the Synthesis of Quinolino[4,5‐bc][1,5]benzoxazepines, Aminophenols, and Phenoxazines.
Authors: Bang Zyong Ngia , Komissarov V. N. , Sayapin Yu. A. , Tkachev V. V. , Shilov G. V. , Aldoshin S. M. , Minkin V. I.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Photooxidation of Phosphite Esters Using Diorganotelluride Catalysts.
Authors: Oba Makoto , Okada Yasunori , Nishiyama Kozaburo , Ando Wataru
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Selenium‐Substituted Pyrroles and Pyrazol‐3‐ones.
Authors: Attanasi Orazio A. , De Crescentini Lucia , Mantellini Fabio , Marini Francesca , Nicolini Simona , Sternativo Silvia , Tiecco Marcello
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Nor‐sesquiterpene Lactone from Ainsliaea fulvioides
Authors: Wang Yan , Xu Ming Lu , Jin Hui Zi , Fu Jian Jun , Hu Xiao Jia , Qin Jiang Jiang , Yan Shi Kai , Shen Yun Heng , Zhang Wei Dong
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Cytotoxic and Antifungal Activities of Two New Sesquiterpenes, Malfilanol A and B, Derived from Malbranchea filamentosa.
Authors: Wakana Daigo , Hosoe Tomoo , Wachi Hiroshi , Itabashi Takeshi , Fukushima Kazutaka , Yaguchi Takeshi , Kawai Ken‐ichi
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Effective Catalytic Epoxidation of Terpenes with Hydrogen Peroxide under Organic Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kon Yoshihiro , Ono Yutaka , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Sato Kazuhiko
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Methyl Glycosides Are Identified as Glycosyl Donors for the Synthesis of Glycosides, Disaccharides and Oligosaccharides.
Authors: Vidadala Srinivasa Rao , Hotha Srinivas
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dideoxy Fluoro‐ketopyranosyl Nucleosides as Potent Antiviral Agents: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2,3‐ and 3,4‐Dideoxy‐3‐fluoro‐4‐ and ‐2‐keto‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl Derivatives of N4‐Benzoyl Cytosine.
Authors: Manta Stella , Tsoukala Evangelia , Tzioumaki Niki , Goropevsek Ales , Pamulapati Ravi Teja , Cencic Avrelija , Balzarini Jan , Komiotis Dimitri
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Macrolide Compound from Streptomyces bingchenggenisis: Fermentation, Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Biological Properties.
Authors: Xiang Wen‐Sheng , Wang Ji‐Dong , Wang Xiang‐Jing , Zhang Ji
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiinflammatory Activity of N‐Naphthoyl D‐Alanine in vivo.
Authors: Goto Michimasa , Kataoka Hiromi , Araya Yoshie , Kawasaki Masashi , Oyama Kin‐ichi , Semma Masanori , Ito Yoshio , Ichikawa Atsushi
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Modern Microwave Magnetic Materials: Recent Advances and Trends
Authors: Acher Olivier
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Storage in Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Kaskhedikar Nitin A. , Maier Joachim
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Cymantrene
Authors: Ginzburg A. G.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards Molecular Wires Based on Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Mas‐Balleste Ruben , Castillo Oscar , Sanz Miguel Pablo J. , Olea David , Gomez‐Herrero Julio , Zamora Felix
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Heterocyclic Compounds by the Application of the Metathesis Reactions
Authors: Majumdar Krishna C. , Muhuri Sanjukta , Islam Rafique Ul , Chattopadhyay Buddhadeb
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Research and Educational Center for Breeding and Standardization of Medicinal Plants and Drug Development Between Japan and China
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Development of Bisphosphonates for Therapeutic Uses and Bisphosphonate Structure—Activity Consideration
Authors: Abdou Wafaa M. , Shaddy Abeer A.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroolefin Dipeptide Isosteres: Structure, Syntheses, and Applications
Authors: Welch John T.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Thiophene S‐Oxides and Related Compounds
Authors: Thiemann Thies , Walton David J. , Brett Ana Oliveira , Iniesta Jesus , Marken Frank , Li Yuan‐qiang
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselectivity in the Synthesis of 2‐Azetidinones from Ketenes and Imines via the Staudinger Reaction
Authors: Xu Jiaxi
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hybrid Antioxidants
Authors: Burlakova E. B. , Molochkina E. M. , Nikiforov G. A.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Use of Organozinc Halides
Authors: Hamilton Patrick N. , Burkhardt Elizabeth R. , Matos Karl
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: All Kinds of Reactivity: Recent Breakthroughs in Metal‐Catalyzed Alkyne Chemistry
Authors: Anaya de Parrodi Cecilia , Walsh Patrick J.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Compounds with Non‐Centrochirality
Authors: Ogasawara Masamichi , Watanabe Susumu
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Efforts Towards the Synthesis of the Complex Diterpene Providencin
Authors: Gaich Tanja , Weinstabl Harald , Mulzer Johann
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Deuteration in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Graening Timm
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Another Ten Stories in Antiviral Drug Discovery. Part C. “Old” and “New” Antivirals, Strategies, and Perspectives
Authors: De Clercq Erik
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Exploring Heterocyclic Dienoxysilane Nucleophiles in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Casiraghi Giovanni , Zanardi Franca , Battistini Lucia , Rassu Gloria
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermodynamics of Nanosystems with a Special View to Charge Carriers
Authors: Maier Joachim
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Photochromism Based on 6π‐Electrocyclization
Authors: Yokoyama Yasushi
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Kinetics of Protein Structural Changes
Authors: Marchal Stephane , Font Josep , Ribo Marc , Vilanova Maria , Phillips Robert S. , Lange Reinhard , Torrent Joan
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State Photophysical Properties and Functional Characteristics of Heterocyclic Quinol‐Type Fluorescent Hosts with Clathrate‐Forming Ability
Authors: Ooyama Yousuke , Yoshida Katsuhira
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Isoflavonoids of the Leguminosae
Authors: Veitch Nigel C.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Functional Analogues of the Active Sites of the [Fe]‐, [NiFe]‐, and [FeFe]‐Hydrogenases
Authors: Tard Cedric , Pickett Christopher J.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Optical Signatures of Molecular Dissymmetry: Combining Theory with Experiments to Address Stereochemical Puzzles
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Parag , Wipf Peter , Beratan David N.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Unified View of Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Lombardi John R. , Birke Ronald L.
Published: August 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Decreased cancer survival in individuals separated at time of diagnosis
Authors: Sprehn Gwen C. , Chambers Joanna E. , Saykin Andrew J. , Konski Andre , Johnstone Peter A. S.
Published: August 2009

BACKGROUND:

It long has been recognized that married patients have improved cancer survival when compared with unmarried patients. This has been postulated as being due to increased support, potentially leading to better compliance with therapy. Conversely, some data exist pointing to a relationship between marital discord and decreased immunity. We examined whether unmarried patients have a different prognosis by whether they are 1) never married, 2) divorced, 3) widowed, or 4) separated at time of diagnosis.

METHODS:

The public access data of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry were queried for cancer survival across all 17 registries between 1973 and 2004. SEER last updated data in April 2007. Records of 3.79 million patients were included in the analysis. We specifically analyzed 5‐year and 10‐year relative survival (RS; 5yRS, 10yRS), defined as observed survival divided by observed survival of an age‐matched, race‐matched, and gender‐matched population without disease, for all cancer patients by marital status, with specific subset analyses as indicated.

RESULTS:

Among unmarried patients, those separated at time of diagnosis had the lowest survival, followed by widowed, divorced, and never married patients. 5‐year and 10‐year RS of separated patients was 72% and 64% than that of married patients, respectively. This relationship persists when data are analyzed by gender.

CONCLUSIONS:

Separated marital status is associated with a significant decrement in cancer survival, even in comparison with other unmarried groups. While other socioeconomic variables could contribute to this phenomenon, further research into the immunologic correlates of the acutely stressful condition of marital separation should be conducted. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Trends in survival after diagnosis with hematologic malignancy in adolescence or young adulthood in the United States, 1981‐2005
Authors: Pulte Dianne , Gondos Adam , Brenner Hermann
Published: August 2009

BACKGROUND:

There are few population‐based studies of long‐term survival of adolescents and young adults with hematologic malignancies; most pertain to patients diagnosed in the 1990s or earlier. Period analysis was used to obtain up‐to‐date information on survival expectations of adolescents and young adults diagnosed with hematologic malignancies through the early 21st century.

METHODS:

Period analysis was used to calculate 5‐ and 10‐year relative survival for adolescents and young adults diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) for 5 5‐year periods from 1981‐1985 to 2001‐2005, using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

RESULTS:

Survival strongly improved for each of the 5 hematologic malignancies. Increases in 10‐year relative survival between 1981‐1985 and 2001‐2005 were as follows: HL, from 80.4% to 93.4%; NHL, from 55.6% to 76.2%; ALL, from 30.5% to 52.1%; AML, from 15.2% to 45.1%; CML, from 0 to 74.5% (P < .001 in all cases). However, although survival improved steadily throughout the period examined for the lymphomas and CML, survival was stable during the late 1990s and early 21st century for the acute leukemias.

CONCLUSIONS:

Survival expectations for adolescents and young adults with hematologic malignancies have strongly improved since the 1980s. However, with the exception of HL, survival rates have not reached the levels observed for children diagnosed with these malignancies, and survival expectations for patients with acute leukemia have stabilized at relatively low levels. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Ta2O5/Polyimide Nanolaminates
Authors: Salmi Leo D. , Puukilainen Esa , Vehkamäki Marko , Heikkilä Mikko , Ritala Mikko
Published: August 2009

Ta2O5/polyimide nanolaminates are deposited at 170 °C by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The precursors are tantalum ethoxide and water for Ta2O5, and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and diaminohexane (DAH) for polyimide. The nanolaminates are characterized by X‐ray reflection (XRR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), capacitance and current‐voltage measurements, and nanoindentation. The layered structure is confirmed by the XRR data and FESEM images. By controlling the relative thicknesses of the Ta2O5 and polyimide layers, the dielectric and mechanical properties of the nanolaminates are tailored over wide ranges. Dielectric properties of the nanolaminates are improved compared to bare Ta2O5 and polyimide films. Elasticity of the nanolaminate films increases with the polyimide content.
Organ patterning in the adult stage: The role of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in liver zonation and beyond
Authors: Gebhardt Rolf , Hovhannisyan Amalya
Published: August 2009

Wnt/β‐catenin signaling has been found to play key roles in metabolic zonation of adult liver, regeneration, and hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In this review, recent progress in this field is summarized, in particular the rapidly growing knowledge about the various interactions of β‐catenin with many transcription factors involved in controlling metabolism. These interactions may provide the basis for understanding how the wide range of activities of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is differentially interpreted. Based on these results, a three‐level mode for the molecular interpretation of β‐catenin activity gradients in liver is proposed favoring cell differentiation, metabolic zonation, and proliferation. While derangement of the combinatorial interplay of the various transcription factors with β‐catenin at the intermediary activity level may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases, extremely high activation of β‐catenin may eventually lead to initiation and progression of hepatocellular tumors. Developmental Dynamics 239:45–55, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The trimeric G protein Go inflicts a double impact on axin in the Wnt/frizzled signaling pathway
Authors: Egger‐Adam Diane , Katanaev Vladimir L.
Published: August 2009

The Wnt/Frizzled signaling pathway plays crucial roles in animal development and is deregulated in many cases of carcinogenesis. We and others have previously demonstrated that Frizzled proteins initiating the intracellular signaling are typical G protein–coupled receptors and rely on the trimeric G protein Go for Wnt transduction in Drosophila. However, the mode of action of Go and its interplay with other transducers of the pathway such as Dishevelled and Axin remained unclear. Here we show that the α‐subunit of Go directly acts on Axin, the multidomain protein playing a negative role in the Wnt signaling. Gαo physically binds Axin and re‐localizes it to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, Gαo suppresses Axin's inhibitory action on the Wnt pathway in Drosophila wing development. The interaction of Gαo with Axin critically depends on the RGS domain of the latter. Additionally, we show that the βγ‐component of Go can directly bind and recruit Dishevelled from cytoplasm to the plasma membrane, where activated Dishevelled can act on the DIX domain of Axin. Thus, the two components of the trimeric Go protein mediate a double—direct and indirect—impact on different regions of Axin, which likely serves to ensure a robust inhibition of this protein and transduction of the Wnt signal. Developmental Dynamics 239:168–183, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Xenopus Insm1 is essential for gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine cell development
Authors: Horb Lori Dawn , Jarkji Zeina H. , Horb Marko E.
Published: August 2009

In mammals, it has been well established that gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine cells are specified by a cascade of different transcription factors, but whether these same pathways (or linear relationships) operate in Xenopus is currently unknown. We recently identified the endocrine‐specific zinc finger transcription factor insulinoma associated protein 1 (insm1) as a dorsal‐enriched gene. We found that insm1 is expressed in the dorsal pancreas as early as NF28, making it one of the earliest markers to be localized to the dorsal pancreas. Through morpholino‐mediated knockdown, we demonstrate that insm1 is essential for proper specification of both gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine cells. In addition, we place insm1 downstream of ngn3 and upstream of pax6 and neuroD in the endocrine cell transcription factor cascade. These are the first results showing that the endodermal endocrine cell development in Xenopus uses the same transcriptional cascade as in mammals. Developmental Dynamics 238:2505–2510, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Platelet‐derived growth factor is involved in the differentiation of second heart field‐derived cardiac structures in chicken embryos
Authors: Bax Noortje A.M. , Lie‐Venema Heleen , Vicente‐Steijn Rebecca , Bleyl Steven B. , Van Den Akker Nynke M.S. , Maas Saskia , Poelmann Robert E. , Gittenberger‐de Groot Adriana C.
Published: August 2009

For the establishment of a fully functional septated heart, addition of myocardium from second heart field‐derived structures is important. Platelet‐derived growth factors (PDGFs) are known for their role in cardiovascular development. In this study, we aim to elucidate this role of PDGF‐A, PDGF‐C, and their receptor PDGFR‐α. We analyzed the expression patterns of PDGF‐A, ‐C, and their receptor PDGFR‐α during avian heart development. A spatiotemporal pattern of ligands was seen with colocalization of the PDGFR‐α. This was found in second heart field‐derived myocardium as well as the proepicardial organ (PEO) and epicardium. Mechanical inhibition of epicardial outgrowth as well as chemical disturbance of PDGFR‐α support a functional role of the ligands and the receptor in cardiac development. Developmental Dynamics 238:2658–2669, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiac neural crest and outflow tract defects in Lrp6 mutant mice
Authors: Song Lanying , Li Yunhong , Wang Kai , Zhou Chengji J.
Published: August 2009

The role of a key Wnt coreceptor Lrp6 during heart development remains unclear. Here we show that ablation of Lrp6 in mice causes conotruncal anomalies including double‐outlet right ventricle (DORV), outflow tract (OFT) cushion hypoplasia, and ventricular septal defect (VSD). Cardiac neural crest cells are specifically lost in the dorsal neural tube and caudal pharyngeal arches of the mutant embryos. We also demonstrate that Lrp6 is required for proliferation and survival of cardiac progenitors and for the expression of Isl1 in the secondary heart field. Other known cardiogenic regulators such as Msx1, Msx2, and Fgf8 are also significantly diminished in the mutant pharyngeal arches and/or OFT. Unexpectedly, the myocardium differentiation factors Mef2c and Myocardin are upregulated in the mutant OFT. Our results indicate that Lrp6 is essential for cardiac neural crest and OFT development upstream of multiple important cardiogenic genes in different cardiac lineage cells during early cardiogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 239:200–210, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enucleation of feeder cells and egg cells with psoralens
Authors: McGarry Thomas J. , Bonaguidi Michael , Lyass Ljuba , Kessler John A. , Bodily Jason M. , Doglio Lynn
Published: August 2009

The cell nucleus must be inactivated or destroyed in order to generate feeder layers for cultured cells or to prepare recipient egg cells for nuclear transfer. Existing enucleation techniques are either cumbersome or employ toxic chemicals. Here we report a new method to enucleate cells by treatment with a psoralen and long‐wave ultraviolet light. The technique is >90% efficient and causes little cytoplasmic damage to the treated cell. We have used psoralen treatment to enucleate a wide variety of cells, including eggs, sperm, HeLa cells, and fibroblasts. Colonies of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human keratinocyte precursors grown on psoralen‐treated feeders are indistinguishable from those grown on gamma‐irradiated or mitomycin C‐treated cells. Psoralen enucleation provides a rapid, simple, and non‐toxic method to generate feeder cells. The technique is also useful for nuclear transfer studies in species with large eggs whose cleavage divisions are not regulated by cell‐cycle checkpoints. Developmental Dynamics 238:2614–2621, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Water‐Soluble Calix[4]resorcinarenes with Hydroxyproline Groups as Chiral NMR Solvating Agents for Phenyl‐ and Pyridyl‐Containing Compounds
Authors: Hagan Kaitlin A. , O'Farrell Courtney M. , Wenzel Thomas J.
Published: August 2009

A series of water‐soluble sulfonated calix[4]resorcinarenes with L‐proline, cis‐4‐hydroxy‐d‐ and ‐L‐proline, trans‐4‐hydroxy‐L‐proline and trans‐3‐hydroxy‐L‐proline are evaluated as chiral NMR solvating agents. The changes in chemical shifts and enantiomeric discrimination in the 1H NMR spectra of a variety of phenyl‐ and pyridyl‐containing compounds are reported. Substrates associate by insertion of the phenyl or pyridyl ring into the cavity of the calix[4]resorcinarene. Series of compounds with methylbenzylamine and benzyl alcohol units are among those examined. For many compounds, the calix[4]resorcinarenes with the hydroxyproline groups are more effective chiral NMR solvating agents than the corresponding proline derivative. The trans‐4‐ and trans‐3‐hydroxy‐L‐proline derivatives are especially effective as chiral NMR solvating agents. Enantiomeric discrimination in the 1H NMR spectra is often large enough to facilitate the analysis of enantiomeric purity.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A Novel Way to Improve Sulfate Recognition
Authors: Shishkanova Tatiana V. , Sykora David , Vinšová Hana , Král Vladimír , Mihai Iulia , Gospodinova Natalia P.
Published: August 2009

We report a novel way to improve the recognition of highly hydrated sulfate anions. It is shown that polyaniline (PANI) layer deposited on the poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane favors transport of highly hydrated anions due to stronger PANI hydration in their presence.
Polymeric Membrane Ion‐Selective Electrode for Butyrylcholinesterase Based on Controlled Release of Substrate
Authors: Ding Jiawang , Qin Wei
Published: August 2009

A butyrylcholine selective polymeric membrane electrode using o‐β‐cyclodextrin as ionophore is described as a reagent controlled‐release system for reagentless detection of butyrylcholinesterase. Butyrylcholine released across the membrane from inner filling solution of the ion selective electrode is consumed by reaction of the enzyme in sample solution and the concentration of butyrylcholine at the membrane surface can be sensed potentiometrically. The electrode with 0.01 M butyrylcholine in the inner solution yields a potential that varies linearly with butyrylcholinesterase concentration over the range of 0.0075–0.15 U mL−1 in 0.02 M of pH 7.4 sodium phosphate buffer solution. This approach can also be used to analyze butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors such as organophosphate pesticides. The inhibition percentage of parathion is proportional to its concentration in the range of 0.05–0.5 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.03 ng mL−1.
Platform for Highly Sensitive Alkaline Phosphatase‐Based Immunosensors Using 1‐Naphthyl Phosphate and an Avidin‐Modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrode
Authors: Aziz Md. Abdul , Jo Kyungmin , Qaium Md. Abdul , Huh Chan‐Hwa , Hong In Seok , Yang Haesik
Published: August 2009

We report a versatile platform for highly sensitive alkaline phosphatase (ALP)‐based electrochemical biosensors that uses an avidin‐modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode as a sensing electrode and 1‐naphthyl phosphate (NPP) as an ALP substrate. Almost no electrocatalytic activity of NPP and good electrocatalytic activity of 1‐naphthol (ALP product) on the ITO electrodes allow a high signal‐to‐background ratio. The effective surface covering of avidin on the ITO electrodes allows very low levels of nonspecific binding of proteins to the sensing electrodes. The platform technology is used to detect mouse IgG with a detection limit of 1.0 pg/mL.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Hydrogen Peroxide by Nanostructured Bimetallic Films of Metalloporphyrins
Authors: Hamer M. , Carballo R. R. , Rezzano I. N.
Published: August 2009

We report the sequential electrochemical deposition of bimetallic films of porphyrins onto gold nanoparticles, previously deposited by SAM on gold surface. SEM analysis of EAu/polyFeCuPP and EAu/cys/AuNp/polyFeCuPP showed a heterogeneous distribution of material aggregates in the former (ca. 0.1–1 μm), whereas the nanocomposite film exhibits a highly microporous structure in the micrometer diameter range. The sensitivity for H2O2 detection increased four times (609±6 mA M−1 cm−2 vs. 157±3 mA M−1 cm−2) with a linear relationship in the range of 1×10−5–2×10−3 M. The application of the particulate material to the first‐generation biosensor of glucose is described.
A microfluidic in vitro cultivation system for mechanical stimulation of bovine embryos
Authors: Kim Minseok S. , Bae Chae Yun , Wee Gabbine , Han Yong‐Mahn , Park Je‐Kyun
Published: August 2009

This work demonstrates a novel microfluidic in vitro cultivation system for embryos that improves their development using a partially constricted channel that mimics peristaltic muscle contraction. Conventional photolithography and a PDMS replica molding process were used to make straight or constricted microchannels. To investigate the effects of constriction geometry on embryonic development, different constriction widths of the channel were designed. Bovine embryos were loaded and incubated by simply placing them on a tilting machine to provide embryo movement via gravity. The fertilized embryos were cultivated on the microfluidic in vitro cultivation system until the blastocyst, hatching, or hatched blastocyst stages. To confirm the quality of blastocysts in the microfluidic channel, double staining was performed and compared with bovine embryos cultivated by the conventional droplet method. The proportion of eight‐cell development among total embryos in the constricted channel (56.7±13.7%; mean±SD) was superior to that in the straight channel (23.9±11.0%). This suggests that the effect of constriction is vital for the early development of bovine embryos in assisted‐reproduction research.
Hypoxia in high glucose followed by reoxygenation in normal glucose reduces the viability of cortical astrocytes through increased permeability of connexin 43 hemichannels
Authors: Orellana Juan A. , Hernández Diego E. , Ezan Pascal , Velarde Victoria , Bennett Michael V. L. , Giaume Christian , Sáez Juan C.
Published: August 2009

Brain ischemia causes more extensive injury in hyperglycemic than normoglycemic subjects, and the increased damage is to astroglia as well as neurons. In the present work, we found that in cortical astrocytes from rat or mouse, reoxygenation after hypoxia in a medium mimicking interstitial fluid during ischemia increases hemichannel activity and decreases cell–cell communication via gap junctions as indicated by dye uptake and dye coupling, respectively. These effects were potentiated by high glucose during the hypoxia in a concentration‐dependent manner (and by zero glucose) and were not observed in connexin 43−/− astrocytes. The responses were transient and persistent after short and long periods of hypoxia, respectively. The persistent responses were associated with a progressive reduction in cell viability that was prevented by La3+ or peptides that block connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels or by inhibition of p38 MAP kinase prior to hypoxia–reoxygenation but not by treatments that block pannexin hemichannels. Block of Cx43 hemichannels did not affect the reduction in gap junction mediated dye coupling observed during reoxygenation. Cx43 hemichannels may be a novel therapeutic target to reduce cell death following stroke, particularly in hyperglycemic conditions. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Osteoblast proliferation on hydroxyapatite coated substrates prepared by right angle magnetron sputtering
Authors: Hong Zhendong , Mello Alexandre , Yoshida Tomohiko , Luan Lan , Stern Paula H. , Rossi Alexandre , Ellis Don E. , Ketterson John B.
Published: August 2009

The preparation of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings via a versatile right‐angle magnetron sputtering (RAMS) approach for use as a biomaterial has recently been reported. RAMS coatings show some advantages over conventionally sputtered films in that room temperature deposition yields nanocrystalline and nearly stoichiometric HA coatings under appropriate conditions, thereby avoiding the troublesome post deposition annealing treatment. In this article, we present an exploratory study of the biocompatibility of RAMS HA coatings deposited on metallic substrates. RAMS HA coatings with a thickness around 500nm were prepared on various substrates. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the as‐deposited HA coatings were polycrystalline with some strongly preferred orientations. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that the coatings were rather smooth with surface roughness on the order of 10 nm. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that the surface chemistry was nearly stoichiometric. To study the biocompatibility of these coatings, murine pre‐osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells were seeded onto various substrates. Cell density counts using fluorescence microscopy showed that the best osteoblast proliferation is achieved on an HA RAMS‐coated titanium substrate. Additionally, in preliminary studies the influence of Zn, Mg, and Al incorporation in the HA crystal lattice on the in vitro behavior was also evaluated. These experiments demonstrate that RAMS is a promising coating technique for biomedical applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010