bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsabilidad de Proteger: entre el realismo clásico y la ética internacional, una aproximación al caso de Siria
Authors: Cujabante Villamil Ximena Andrea , Quintero Cordero Sara
Published: March 2020

El concepto de Responsabilidad de Proteger (R2P) ha generado diversas posturas siendo un principio implementado como herramienta de las Naciones Unidas. Para lograr entender la aplicación de esta medida de intervención humanitaria, se realiza una revisión de sus antecedentes, seguido del análisis realista según los pilares en que se encuentra fundamentada. Posteriormente y por medio del análisis del caso de Siria se identificarán fortalezas y debilidades de este compromiso político caracterizado por la prevención, respuesta oportuna y reconstrucción de comunidades en crisis, en donde se ve amenazada la sociedad civil por genocidio, crímenes de guerra, depuración étnica y crímenes de lesa humanidad.
A clinical study on varicose veins of lower limb, surgical management and functional outcome at a tertiary care hospital of South India
Authors: Nageswara rao Bandaru , Pushpalatha Ramachandra
Published: March 2020

Background: Varicose veins defined as dilated, tortuous, subcutaneous veins ≥3 mm in diameter, measured in the upright position with demonstrable reflux. Though the history of varicose veins dates prehistorically, the advances in diagnosis and new management modalities gained attention recently. The aim of the present study was to study the clinical profile, risk factors and their association, different types of surgical procedures employed and complications associated with varicose veins.Methods: A one year observational after ethical committee approval was conducted by department of general surgery at ACSR Medical College. Cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were clinically examined and duplex ultrasound colour Doppler was performed for diagnosing the varicose veins and findings of site of incompetence was noted. All the cases were operated and followed up for six months period. The results were tabulated and analyzed in Microsoft Excel for any corrections.Results: Eighty cases with 66.25% males and 33.75% females with mean age of 40.24 years and majority (40%) were in 41 to 50 years group. 60% of cases had varices in right limb and long saphenous vein was involved in 52.5% of cases.85% had dilated veins, perforator incompetence was noted below the knee in 30% of cases. 41.25% of cases saphenofemoral flush ligation with stripping of long saphenous vein. Wound infection was the common postoperative complication.Conclusions: Operative line of management should be the first line of treatment even though conservative management relieves the symptoms but always requires a definitive management.
A study of collagen dressing versus conventional dressings in burns at tertiary health care centre
Authors: Thakur Paritoshsingh B. , Ramachandrudu T. , Takalkar Anant Arunrao
Published: March 2020

Background: Worldwide, burn injury is a problem and cause intense pain, biological dressings like collagen as it forms physiological interface prevents infection effective for burn wound healing. The objective of the study was to study of collagen dressing versus conventional dressings in burns at tertiary health care centre.Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Surgery during September 2018 to September 2019. Out of 50 patients, 25 were enrolled to collagen treatment group (group A) and remaining into conventional treatment group i.e. (group B). The statistical analysis was done by unpaired t-test and chi-square test.Results: Average less time required for granulation tissue to appear p<0.001, df=48, t=4.56); average less time requires for sterile wound swab culture (weeks) (p<0.05, df=48, t=3.45); less discomfort score (0-10) (p<0.001, df=48, t=6.78); less dressing removal pain score (0-10) (p<0.0001, df=48, t=9.87); less average time required for complete healing (days ) (p<0.001, df=48, t=7.79).Conclusions: It can be concluded that collagen dressings were superior to conventional dressing in wound healing of burns.
Aural foreign bodies and their management: our experience
Authors: Harini Padma , Kudamala Suneel
Published: March 2020

Background: Aural foreign bodies (FB) are a common presentation at ENT outpatient department mostly seen in paediatric population. Some are easily managed while others should be dealt with caution and extreme care. The objectives of the study were to analyze the types of aural FB, their incidence in different age groups and evaluate management methods.

Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study on patients of all age groups with aural FB presenting to the ENT Outpatient Department in a tertiary care centre for a period of 1 year. The clinical presentation, type of FB, incidence in different age groups and management methods were analyzed.  

Results: 200 patients aged 2-78 years were evaluated. Age group of under 15 years was most affected (70%). Male to female ratio was 1:1.326. Majority (104 out of 200) presented with a history of FB insertion in the ear while others presented with aural pain and discharge. In 10 cases, ear foreign body was an incidental finding. Most common FB was seeds in children and cotton buds, bird feathers in adults. Most of the cases were managed without anaesthesia with use of headlight. Ear probes were used in 45% cases followed by forceps, suction and syringing in remainder.

Conclusions: Most of the aural foreign bodies can be managed in the outpatient department itself without any anaesthesia under direct vision of headlight with the help of simple instruments without any complications.

 
An analysis of smartphone addiction among MBBS students
Authors: Krishnan Bindu , M Bhalerao Muktpal , J Mokal Smita , G Latti R
Published: March 2020

Smartphones have become an integral part of our everyday life due to its varied and advanced functionality and easy availability. The nearly universal availability of smartphones and the close association of this with humans has led to various concerns about it becoming a part of behavioral addiction. In this study, smartphone addiction was assessed by using the short version of smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV) and an attempt has been made to analyse the behavioral component associated with addiction.

Semi-structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic variables were given to 200 students. SAS-SV scale was used to assess smartphone addiction among the study sample.

Results showed 26.9% male and 28% of female participants were addicted to smartphones according to SAS-SV scores. 43% male and 19% female participants spend > 5 hrs using smartphones per day and 8% of female participants and 6.4% of males spend > 5 hrs on social media. Withdrawal, conflict, tolerance and salience were the psychological features observed in our study sample.

In conclusion, smartphone addiction was found to be around 26.9% and 28% among the male and female respondents by using the SAS-SV scale. In our study 8% of girls and 6.4% of boys agreed that they spend more than 5 hours on social media every day. Instagram, WhatsApp and Facebook were the commonly used social media sites used by them. The findings in our study did correlate with Brown’s well established framework for behavioral addiction especially behavior like withdrawal, conflict, tolerance and salience.
Comparative study of heart rate variability, heart rate and blood pressure in different phases of menstrual cycle in healthy young women aged 22-40 years
Authors: G Venkatesh , Rani Y S Usha
Published: March 2020

Heart Rate Variability analysis has gained much importance in recent years, as a technique employed to explore the activity of autonomic nervous system (ANS), and as an important early marker for identifying different pathological conditions. Autonomic nervous activities fluctuate during the menstrual cycle.

The aim of the present study was to compare and evaluate the changes in the ANS activity measured by the frequency domain analysis during different phases of menstrual cycle.

The subjects consisted of 50 healthy adult females aged 22-40 years who had regular menstrual cycles. The electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were taken during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by means of two main frequency components that is the low frequency (LF) and the high frequency (HF) components using appropriate software. Heart rate (HR) and blood pr essure (BP) were also recorded.

In the frequency domain analysis, the low frequency component (LF) was significantly higher (p<0.01) during the luteal phase and the high frequency component (HF) was significantly higher (p<0.01) in follicular phase. The LF/HF ratio was significantly greater in (p<0.01) the luteal phase compared to follicular and menstrual phases (p<0.001). Changes in Heart rate (HR) were maximum in the luteal phase and minimum in the follicular phase. Blood pressure (BP) did not show any significant change during different phases of menstrual cycle.

These findings indicate that sympathetic nervous activity in the luteal phase is greater than in the follicular phase, whereas parasympathetic nervous activity is predominant in the follicular phase.
Effects and impact of an innovative pair and share learning strategy on academic performance of slow learners in I MBBS
Authors: Lohitashwa Renu , B A Soumya , K Suneeta
Published: March 2020

Identifying a slow learner and involving him/her in an active learning process like pair and share has shown to build a meaningful understanding of subject and also beneficial for long term learning and self directed learning skills. The objective of the study was to analyze the effects and impact of an innovative pair and share learning strategy on academic performance of slow learners.

42 Slow learners in Department of Physiology were identified with a score of <35% following a formative assessment and were exposed to an innovative pair & share learning strategy which included internal discussion & presenting their pair’s topic in front of whole group. Activity included pretest, posttest and feedback questionnaire.

Statistical analyses were done using Student’s paired t test and SPSS. There was slight improvement in the pretest and posttest scores but was not statistically significant. Majority of the students were satisfied and some were very satisfies with this type of learning strategy. Many of the students expressed that this method of learning module was enjoyable, improved their knowledge, helped them understand and remember specific information effectively and provided positive feedback because of peer feedback.

The innovative pair and share learning strategy will facilitate slow learners to develop valuable learning skills for lifelong and more efforts need to be geared towards popularizing this module for improving productivity.
Waist hip ratio as predictor of incident diabetes in young adults
Authors: Singh Sonia , Acharya Sanju
Published: March 2020

Obesity is associated with impaired glucose tolerance which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Central obesity (approximated by waist/hip ratio) is more informative than general obesity (body mass index). Thus, central obesity markers can be used to predict diabetes.

To find a correlation between blood sugar level and waist hip ratio in young adult males and females.

A cross sectional study was conducted among 60 students (30 males and 30 females) of first year MBBS in the department of Physiology of Hind Institute of Medical Sciences. Their WHR was measured and their venous blood sample was drawn in fasting and 2 hr post lunch. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.

According to WHR criteria, post prandial blood sugar level was significantly raised in males ‘at risk level’ (WHR ≥ 0.90) as compared to males ‘below risk level’ (WHR ≤ 0.90).

WHR is a good predictor of post prandial hyperglycemia and both are independent predictors of cardiovascular disease.
Use of multiple choice questions to assess the knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS - A core competency, among first and second MBBS students of KBNIMS, Gulbarga
Authors: V Shashidhar , N Shilpa
Published: March 2020

Multiple choice questions (MCQ’s) are a reliable and an efficient method of assessment. It is an objective type of assessment where, its efficiency depends on the item and the options given. A well framed MCQ is a very good tool for formative and summative assessment of the student. It is also been introduced in medical education, different entrance exams. The student can be assessed for the depth of the knowledge he/she has using MCQs. Also, the MCQs are less time consuming, cost effective and efficient and reliable.

To compare the knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS in 1 and 2 MBBS students using MCQs as an assessment method

The study comprised 100 1 MBBS and 100 2 MBBS students from KBNIMS, Gulbarga. Students were given 14 MCQs on HIV/AIDS and were asked to tick the correct answers.

In our study we found that the performance of 2 MBBS students was better compared to 1 MBBS students in majority of the MCQs

In this study we found that MCQs can be used as assessment tool to compare the knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS among UG medical students. We found that the knowledge and awareness of AIDS is better among 2 year students who have the topic as core competency to learn.
Radio anatomical analysis of positional relation between anterior ethmoid artery canal and ethmoid skull base in correlation with olfactory fossa
Authors: S Gugapriya T , Vinay Kumar N
Published: March 2020

Skull base (SB) injuries happens mostly either in the thinnest or the least resistant part of skull base. The lateral lamella of cribriform plate is one of the common sites of injury during endoscopic anterior skull base surgeries. The anterior ethmoid artery (AEA) visualization is considered as a significant anatomical landmark in such surgeries. Studies correlating their positional relation with morphology of olfactory fossa remains limited. This study aims to look into the relation of AEA to that of SB in different types of olfactory fossa morphology.

A retrospective radiological study was done on 100 coronal CT images from patients who were subjected to paranasal CT imaging. In bone window of coronal CT scans, the position of AEA in relation to SB was noted and the vertical distance between them was measured. Based on the distance of AEA from SB, 3 groups were subdivided as follows: Group A - < 2.5 mm, Group B – 2.5 to 5 mm and Group C - > 5 mm. The depth of the olfactory fossa was measured and categorized according to Keros classification.

Out of 200 sides, AEA was found below SB in 167 out of 200 (83.5%) with majority belonging to Group A (101 out of 167). Keros type II was commonly observed among all the groups. The position of AEA below SB was seen at a greater frequency as the height of SB increased with the Keros classification and was statistically significant (P = .006)

The knowledge of presence of anterior ethmoid artery outside the skull base with long lateral lamella preoperatively would help the surgeon to avoid intraoperative complications during endoscopic skull base or sinus surgeries.
Sleep pattern and life style habits in medical students and interns
Authors: Gowda N R Vikram , Maria Paul Ashita , S Sumadevi V
Published: March 2020

Sleep pattern and behavior plays an important role in personality. It becomes very essential in profession where decision making has to be precise. Health care profession is always a challenging filed, with evolving science every day the people in this profession are at risk of sleep deprivation either due to work schedule or stressors. Hence sleep pattern study in their study period will help in predicting pattern developed in sleep.

261 subjects participated in study constituting self-reporting questionnaire which included sleepiness, acute insomnia and chronic insomnia, activities in bed and sleep environment responses was obtained which determined life style habits and individual sleep pattern and behavior

40% of study participants had sleep onset delay more than 30minutes and among them 4% of participants needed pharmacological intervention. On comparison among different phases of course and interns using ANOVA there was no statistical significant difference in sleep patterns but interns had poor sleep quality as per the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) criteria.

The study indicated altered sleep patterns in the group of interns and in first year students of the course though it was not statistically significant.
Cognitive performance and Heart rate variability: The influence of menstrual cycle in young subjects
Authors: Gowda N R Vikram , Sree Nath Pavithra
Published: March 2020

Menstrual cycle characterized by various dynamic alterations in sex steroidal hormones not only alters the reproductive organs but also various systemic organs and hence higher functions are one among them. This study is an attempt to determine the influence of various hormones on cognitive function using short term heart rate variability analysis in different phases of menstrual cycle.

Thirty participants were subjected for the baseline recording of HRV and psychomotor vigilance test and short term memory test along with HRV recording in three subsequent numbers of times to study variations in three different phases of menstrual cycle . Both time domain and frequency domain parameters were studied during resting state and while performing psychomotor vigilance test and short term memory test.

The time domain and frequency domain parameters on comparison with resting state to during psychomotor vigilance test and short term memory test parameters were statistically insignificant in all three phases recorded. Unlikely on comparison of heart rate variability parameters both times domain and frequency domain values of RRI, RMSSD and LF (nu) values were statistically significant across the different phases suggesting upper hand of sympathetic tone.

The present study indicated increased sympathetic discharge during follicular phase on comparison to luteal and menstrual phase. The results also indicated a change in cognitive functioning during different phases due to hormonal variations.
Types of pulmonary fissures and its surgical implications: A cadaveric study
Authors: Channabasanagouda  , Halagatti Manjunath
Published: March 2020

Being the essential organs of respiration, pair of lungs are situated on either side of the mediastinum. Each lung is divided into lobes by the fissures. These fissures allow for proper expansion of lungs and on the other hand fissures may have a role in restricting infection to a particular lobe. Fissures may be complete, incomplete or absent.

To study the variations in the fissures of lung, compare the results with the available data and to discuss the surgical importance of this study.

37 pairs of lungs (37 right and 37 left) from formalin fixed cadavers were observed and classified into different grades of fissures ( as per Craig and Walker criteria). Presence of accessory fissures was noted.

Out of the 37 right lungs, 3 showed absence of horizontal fissure and the same fissure was incomplete in right sided 17 lungs. Among the left lungs, 9 had incomplete oblique fissure. Accessory fissure were found in 2 right and 1 left lungs.

The current study showed that right lung may be without horizontal fissure or fissures may be incomplete. Thus, a light on these variations by the cardiothoracic surgeons will help in better planning of surgeries like lobectomy. Knowledge about the fissures will aid in arriving at better diagnosis for the clinicians and radiologists.
Morphometric assessment of adult human lumbar vertebrae
Authors: Gangaram Londhe Balu , Somnath Garud Rajendra
Published: March 2020

The lumbar area of human spine is the commonest site of low backache. Knowledge of lumbar morphometry is crucial not only to understand the biomechanics of lumbar spine but also for abundant interventions intended at its stabilization and correction of deformities.

Aims and objective was to prepare morphometric data on dimensions of lumbar vertebral body which can be used in clinical practice. An observational study was implemented where 47 dry macerated adult human lumbar vertebral sets were directly examined and their morphometric analysis in preference to vertebral body was done. Data was processed and analyzed by SPSS Ver.20. ‘ANOVA’ and ‘Z test’ were administered to evaluate statistical differences.

From L1 to L5, there was a gradual increase in antero-posterior (AP) diameter of superior surface. However, AP diameter of inferior surface increased up to L4 but it reduced at L5. Transverse measurements also shows gradual increase above downwards from L1 to L5. There were fluctuations in heights of vertebral bodies. There is gradual elevation of superior surface area (SA) from L1 to L5. However, inferior surface area (IA) increases up to L4 and decreases at L5.

: The study showed highly significant differences for all vertebral dimensions except ‘posterior height’ of lumbar vertebral bodies. The generated results need to be expanded in view of larger sample size and also in known sets of male and female lumbar vertebrae in diverse population.
Objective structured practical examination: As an assessment tool in newly introduced competency based anatomy curriculum
Authors: Bhat Deepa , Murugesh Pushpalatha , N B Pushpa
Published: March 2020

Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) Curriculum has been introduced in India with the intent to move towards outcome based education. Competencies, specific learning objectives and preferred teaching learning methods are provided by Medical Council of India. Assessment tools suitable to CBME have been suggested to fulfil the essence of new curriculum. Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is one such valid, reliable and objective tool suggested in anatomy curriculum. OSPE was introduced to 200 students of new batch during routine formative assessment. The perception of faculty and students on the process, OSPE were obtained through validated questionnaire based on 5 point Likert’s scale. Testing skills with knowledge, objectivity and aligning with purpose of CBME were supportive features and need for practice, teacher fatigue were disapproving factors for this new assessment tool. Perseverance and practice would assist to develop OSPE as an ideal tool tailored to new curriculum. Hence OSPE is definitely a better assessment tool that is well accepted by both faculty and students.
Correlation between body mass index and sleep patterns & duration among medical students
Authors: Sharma U Ajay , K Kasturi K , Devi M L Revathi , S N Manjunath
Published: March 2020

Obesity and its associated risks are a leading public health concern. Sleep deprivation is speculated to boost appetite. Medical students are prone to sleep deprivation.

a): To study Sleep duration & pattern of study population using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). b): To correlate between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Sleep duration & pattern among study population.

Medicals students (n=247; males=133 & females=114) of age group 18-23years were properly examined to exclude those suffering from any major diseases, psychiatric problems, alcoholics or sleep medication. Height & weight were examined to calculate BMI and it was graded according to ICMR guidelines. Sleep quality & duration was assessed by a self-report questionnaire, PSQI. Pearson’s correlation was used to find the association among parameters.

41.3%(102) had overweight BMI of ≥23; 38.1%(94) had poor sleep quality with PSQI score >5 and 43.3%(107) are sleep deprived with sleep duration 5-6 hours. Analysis showed highly significant negative correlation bet ween BMI & sleep duration with ‘p’ value <0.01 and also highly significant positive correlation between BMI & PSQI score with ‘p’ value <0.01.

It was found that with increase in BMI there is decrease in sleep duration as well as reduction in sleep quality which again leads to obesity as a vicious cycle. Hence proper education about sleep and life style modification is needed to medical students to prevent obesity and its associated comorbidities among them.
Perception and feedback of medical students about teaching methods in anatomy
Authors: Singh Archana , Srivastava Adit
Published: March 2020

Student’s feedback is a useful basis for modifying and improving medical education. Through feedback we can identify areas of strength and weakness of teaching methodology. More emphasis is being placed on student centred, integrated, and problem based, clinically relevant teaching and learning.

To find out the Perception and Feedback of Medical Students about Anatomy Teaching, Identify methods used to teach Anatomy, Identify those methods that are demonstrated to enhance knowledge retention in Anatomy, either short-term or long-term and what factors, other than the teaching methods, affect long-term knowledge retention in Anatomy.

This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in the form of an anonymous survey in a Medical College of Bareilly, U.P. India. Medical students belonging to the 3rd, 5th and 7th semesters were participating in this study. A questionnaire was circulated amongst them during college hours. The questions in the questionnaire were based on the course content, methods of teaching, quality of teaching, teaching tools, mode of assessment of students, and suggestions to improve the quality of the curriculum in relation to gross anatomy.

In present study 91.75% (total 367 students out of 400) students responded. Most of the students were satisfied with the coverage of content (41.27%), methods of teaching (44.93%), quality of Teaching (45.47%), tools used in teaching (39.33%) and mode of assessment (44.16%).

Learning process can be improved by adopting the better teaching methods; latest teaching tools along with interactive teaching sessions between students and faculty obtained by student’s feedback for anatomy teaching.
A study of correlation between hand anthropometry and hand grip strength in young adult male population of North India
Authors: Khanna Munish , Khatoon Rabia
Published: March 2020

Dimensions of human hand have been measured by various authors across study groups. This anthropometric data has frequently been used to solve medicolegal cases. However, these details differ across various population groups and races, hence the present study was specifically undertaken to make an anthropometric record of young male population of North India. Young males between the 18 to 25 years were selected and their hand length, hand breadth and Hand Index were measured. Sliding Vernier’s callipers and Dynamometer were used to measure the dimensions of hand and strength of hand grip, respectively. An anthropometric index (Hand Index) was calculated after measuring hand length and hand breadth. The results of the study indicated that hand grip strength was more in the right hand than the left hand and that all the hand variables were positively correlated to the hand grip strength.
Ulnar artery: A case report of high origin and superficial course
Authors: V Kulkarni Veena , Kumar Rakesh , K Deshpande Subhash
Published: March 2020

Blood vessel variety of the upper appendage are normal and these can be of impressive enthusiasm to orthopedic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. During routine dissection for college understudies of the right upper limb in a male cadaver, a variation starting point of ulnar artery from brachial artery was taken note. The brachial artery ending in the cubital fossa by partitioning into radial and ulnar or interosseous supply routes. The outspread artery had taken typical course and branches. Different divisions was the basic interosseous artery, anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent arteries demonstrated ordinary course.

The irregular high source of ulnar artery route from the brachial artery was seen which was taking root from medial side of the brachial artery higher than the radial artery, running on the shallow muscles and going underneath the Palmaris longus tendon and intersection the tendon from lateral to medial side. At that point its running shallow to the muscles which were taking cause from the regular flexor source from the humerus and it was secured by the profound belt of the forearm arm, at that point it crosses the flexor retinaculum and partook in the formation of the superficial palmar arch. During its course, supply route didn't give any branch.
Infrared clinical anatomy of mammary gland’s additional lobe in non-pregnant young woman
Authors: Urakov Aleksandr , Urakova Natalia , Nikolenko Vladimir , Kartasheva Lolita
Published: March 2020

A method of infrared detection of mammary gland’s additional lobe has been developed due to changes in the local temperature of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the chest detected with a thermal imager that has an accuracy of 0.01 °C. It is shown that infrared thermography allows to diagnose, determine the location, shape and size of the additional lobe of the mammary gland in the last 3 days before menstruation.
Graft response of Capsicum chinense-Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum to Begomovirus in field
Authors: Navarrete-Mapen Reyna Zulemy , Cristóbal-Alejo Jairo , Uc-Várguez Alberto , Reyes-Ramírez Arturo , Tun-Suárez José María , Alvarado-López Carlos Juan
Published: March 2020

Uno de los problemas fitosanitarios en el cultivo de chile es la mosca blanca, transmisor de begomovirus. Ante la necesidad de alternativas, se planteó el objetivo de evaluar la tolerancia de injertos de Capsicum chinense-Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum a begomovirus bajo condiciones de campo. Se utilizaron dos materiales criollos para portainjerto (amashito y muela) y chile habanero como injerto (criollo y jaguar). Se empleó la injertación de “púa terminal” y se generaron seis tratamientos. Se registraron cada 10 días las poblaciones de mosca blanca, la incidencia y severidad de la enfermedad, con esta última se calcularon ABCDE, tasa de infección aparente y Yfinal. En etapa de producción, se determinó rendimiento, longitud y diámetro de frutos. A los 130 días después del trasplante, la menor población de mosca blanca, se cuantificó en los tratamientos injertados (muela + habanero jaguar, amashito + habanero jaguar, muela + habanero criollo y amashito + habanero criollo) que osciló entre 5.5 a 14.5 insectos por planta. La mayor incidencia y severidad promedio de virosis fue en habanero jaguar con 100 y 62%. La menor ABCPE, tasa de infección aparente y Yfinal se estimaron en muela + habanero criollo con 746.6 (% por día), 0.005 (% por día) y 23.4%, en su orden; asociado con la fortaleza genética del portainjerto. Los injertos amashito + habanero jaguar, amashito + habanero criollo y muela + habanero criollo mostraron mejor comportamiento agronómico y productividad del cultivo.
Chemical treatment to wheat seed to reduce the incidence of bacteria
Authors: Rodríguez-García María Florencia , Huerta-Espino Julio , Villaseñor-Mir Héctor Eduardo , Rivas-Valencia Patricia , González-González Miguel , Hortelano-Santa Rosa René , Robles-Yerena Leticia , Aranda-Ocampo Sergio
Published: March 2020

Actualmente la presencia de enfermedades en trigo causadas por bacterias ha incrementado hasta un 15%, debido probablemente a factores como: baja resistencia, cambio climático y contaminación de semilla. El objetivo fue evaluar tratamientos químicos para control de bacterias en semilla de trigo. Se utilizó semilla de tres variedades (Gálvez M87, Tlaxcala F2000 y Nana F2007) y cuatro localidades. Los tratamientos fueron: peróxido de hidrógeno, hipoclorito de sodio (2% y 5%) en tres intervalos de tiempo (1, 2 y 3 min), Metacaptan (80, 90 y 100 g/100 kg de semilla), Cupravit Hidro (200, 300 y 400 g/100 kg de semilla) y testigo sin tratamiento. La semilla tratada fue sembrada en cajas Petri con Agar nutritivo. Se evaluó porcentaje de semilla infectada (PSI) y porcentaje de germinación (PG). El análisis de varianza mostró alta significancia para PSI y PG. El producto con mayor control de bacterias (Tukey, p?0.05) fue hipoclorito de sodio al 5% a 2 y 3 min que redujo 80% el PSI en comparación con el testigo, seguido de hipoclorito de sodio al 2% 2 min y Metacaptan a 90 g, el menos efectivo fue peróxido de hidrogeno a 2 min. Ninguno de los productos evaluados fue efectivo al 100%.
#EntreNÓSnaRede: REDE DIGITAL DE APRENDIZAGEM DE PROFESSORES COM TECNOLOGIAS EDUCATIVAS
Authors: Chagas Maria de Fátima de Lima das , Pellanda Nize Maria Campos , Oliveira Lia Raquel Moreira
Published: March 2020

O foco deste texto é abordar as tecnologias digitais como possibilidade de potencializar a tessitura de redes de aprendizagem, tanto no contexto presencial como no digital. Para isso, serão utilizados os pressupostos teóricos do paradigma da complexidade e o conceito de ontoepistemogênese para perceber-operar com os processos cognitivos-subjetivos que emergem nas experiências de uma pesquisa em fluxo. A metodologia será organizado a partir de oficinas e rodas de conversas com educadores e o desenvolvimento de uma rede dialógica no ambiente digital a fim de articular docência e tecnologia. Para tratar as emergências empíricas, as autonarrativas e diários de bordo contribuirão para cartografar os processos de ontoepistemogênese dos sujeitos em devir. Como resultado acreditamos que o desenvolvimento dessa rede digital dialógica de aprendizagem poderá ser uma ação inovadora no contexto escolar e potencializar a tessitura de vínculos entre professores-tecnologias-escola.
Predictive Decision Support System using Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Model Combination for Student Graduation Success Determination
Authors: Lagman Ace C.
Published: March 2020

More recently, researchers and higher education institutions are also beginning to explore the potential of data mining in analyzing academic data. The goal of such an endeavor is to find means to improve the services that these institutions provide and to enhance instruction. This type of data mining application is more popularly known as educational data mining or EDM. At present, EDM is more particularly focused on developing tools that can be used to discover patterns in academic data. It is more concerned about exploring a huge amount of data in order to identify patterns about the microconcepts involved in learning. This area of EDM is often referred to as Learning Analytics – at least as it is commonly compared to more prominent data mining approaches that process data from large repository for better decision-making. One main topic under educational data mining is student graduation. In the Philippines According to the National Statistics Office, there is an imbalance between student enrolment and student graduation. Almost half of the first time freshmen full-time students who began seeking a bachelor’s degree do not graduate on time. This scenario indicates the need to conduct research in this area in order to build models that can help improve the situation. The study focused to extract hidden patterns from the data set using logistic regression and decision tree algorithms that can be used to predict too early identification of students who are vulnerable to not having graduation on time so proper retention policies and measures be implemented by the administration.
Knowledge and Preventive Practices against Schistosomiasis in an Endemic Rural Community, Samar Province, Philippines
Authors: Almazan Joseph U.
Published: March 2020

Objective: Knowledge and preventative practices of farmers for neglected tropical diseases such as schistosomiasis are important aspects of their control. This study aimed to assess the health knowledge and preventive practices of farmers and fisherfolks against schistosomiasis in Gandara, Samar. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted using 140 randomly selected farmers and fisherfolks. Results: The data was gathered through the use of a standardized questionnaire developed by HD Mazigo et al. Knowledge of the respondents towards schistosomiasis has significant relationships with their age and income. Preventive Practices towards Scistosomiasis have significant relationships with the Toilet facility. Conclusion: there was still a lack of understanding concerning transmission schistosomiasis. Consequently modifying it and behavioral practices related to schistosomiasis transmission is highly recommended.
Establishment of a Migrant Community: The Story of the Jamahs in San Nicolas, La Paz, Iloilo City
Authors: Sulleza Vilma S. , Frufonga Ronaldo F.
Published: March 2020

This study was conceptualized to reconstruct the history of the Muslims in Iloilo City who attend worship at the San Nicolas mosque. The study employed the descriptive case study method. The in-depth and semi-structured interviews were the main tools. Other tools were informal and direct observations and focus group discussions. Inconsistencies in the narratives were straightened out in the focus group discussion. The key informants were five Maranao Muslim males from Marawi City. Reasons for migration are mostly economic and majorities are traders from Lanao Del Sur. In the 1970’s more migrants came most were single young males to avoid the then conflict between the Muslim rebels and the government troops during the Martial Law. All of the first generation migrants are males, the wives and female children followed once the males had established themselves. There were no concrete problems they have encountered as a community. The second and third generations have already adapted to the Ilonggo lifestyle. In general, they encountered no resistance from the Ilonggos, they feel accepted. They have no recollection of stories of resistance from the first generation migrants either.
Factors That Motivate Teachers to Work in School
Authors: Semorlan Ava Ann P. , De Vera Elisheba D. , Mambil William Jerick L. , Atendido Perlita L.
Published: March 2020

Teachers play a crucial role in society. They serve as an important workforce in every community. They can dramatically impact the degree and quality of learning of the students. Considering the significant functions they perform worldwide, factors that influenced their job satisfaction was explored in this research. This study involves 75 teachers, ages 20 to 55 years old from the School of Saint Anthony in Lagro, Quezon City. The researchers examined the factors that motivate teachers to work in school. Another purpose of this study is to analyze how to improve the job satisfaction of teachers. The result of the survey revealed that the factors that can motivate and influence the teachers in their job satisfaction are working with the students, colleagues, a good working environment, fringe benefits, and salary. The findings of this research study support the view of Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Frederick Herzberg’s Two Factory Theory. The findings revealed that external rewards like the salary and working environment are not the main motivating factors for teachers to work in school. Rather, the result suggests that teachers are intrinsically motivated. Their job satisfaction came from realizing the higher level of psychological needs such as the nature of the work itself, responsibility, achievement, recognition, and advancement.
Heuristic: Its Influence to the Mathematics Anxiety and Coping Mechanism
Authors: Hobilla Ma. Aletha V. , Go Belinda M.
Published: March 2020

This is a quantitative-qualitative study that aims to determine the influence of heuristic or problem-solving strategies (PS) to the mathematics anxiety of 97 or 87% of the Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) second-year students of Western Visayas College of Science and Technology enrolled in the subject Problem Solving during the second semester, SY 2014-2015. It also aims to find out the coping mechanisms and perceived causes of mathematics anxiety of the participants. For the quantitative data, a one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The Mathematics Anxiety-Apprehension Survey (MAAS) was administered before the start of the intervention and at the end of the intervention. For the qualitative data, the participants were asked to write a journal on the perceived causes of their math anxiety and their coping mechanism. Personal interviews were conducted to participants with high math anxiety regarding their coping mechanisms. The statistical tools used were the mean, standard deviation, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and Kruskal-Wallis Test. The test in the hypothesis was set at .05 alpha level. Results showed that, as an entire group, and when grouped according to sections, the participants have “moderate” mathematics anxiety. Likewise, the participants have “moderate” mathematics anxiety before and after learning heuristic strategies. There is no significant difference in the level of mathematics anxiety when the participants were grouped according to sections and before and after learning heuristic strategies. The perceived causes of mathematics anxiety of the participants were mostly attributed to their bad experience with their teachers in basic education such as “terror” teachers, physical or verbal punishment, as well as time pressure during math examinations/quizzes. Another identified factor was the quality of teaching like teachers spoke too fast or spoke with a low voice. Some of the common coping mechanisms of the participants were “studying harder”, “utilizing problem-solving strategies or heuristics”, “ asking help from peers”, “listening attentively during class “, and “developing positive attitude” in mathematics.
School Bullying Climate in Lorma Colleges Special Science High School
Authors: Aquino Aleejah Caitlin H. , Cabarrubias Aubrey Yvonne V. , Yogaratnam Jessa Marie B. , Rafael Kristine Joy A. , Rabang Roland Vincent L. , Sagun Bennedict P. , Saculles Jerald
Published: March 2020

Bullying is a common issue that everyone knows. But in reality, people can hardly tell whether it is really an act of bullying or if it is just a joke. So sometimes, they can’t report it to the higher people of society. Over the past years, there has been cases of bullying, especially students. It was hard to ignore that they even proposed law about anti-bullying. In order to contribute to the school’s knowledge about bullying and the students, this study was conducted to determine the School Bullying Climate in Lorma Colleges Special Science High School. Two theories were used for the framework of this study, namely the Operant Conditioning theory and the Ecological System Theory. The Operant Conditioning Theory explained the changing of behavior by the use of reinforcement which is given after the desired response while the Ecological System Theory helped us understand why we may behave differently when we compare our behavior in the presence of our family and our behavior when we are in school or at work. A descriptive research method was used for this study. A survey was conducted among 108 students of Lorma Colleges Special Science High School with the aim of knowing the perspectives of students as to school bullying in LCSSHS and the existing & possible solutions about school bullying in LCSSHS. Data were obtained from the students through the use of questionnaires. The study was conducted for the teachers, students, parents, and the school. The researchers concluded that a class with a different kind of academic training and discipline may view bullying in a different way than that of another class and when students encounter or see a bullying incident, they cannot help but just watch, although they will bear in mind that the next time they see one again, they will surely stop it. The researchers also provided a recommendation for future researchers and for the students.
Pedagogical Practices to Aid Korean EFL Learners with Language Anxiety
Authors: Catbagan Jan Marie , Agbunag Adam , Atijera Ian , Apigo Alexea , Banaticla Jean Alecs , Lacuata Raven , Navalta Elizajhen , Sacullles Jerald
Published: March 2020

In current research on EFL, a great deal of effort has been devoted to establishing the role of psychological factors in the success or failure of the learners. Among these psychological factors are affective factors with “anxiety” as one of their sub-categories. EFL students often have difficulty interacting with native speakers in school. Some EFL students avoid interactions with native speakers because of their frustration or embarrassment at their poor English. Teachers are best placed to engage in effective instructional practices when they can competently select and use high-quality resources and/or approaches that have been built around a strong evidence base. Conventionally, the objective of this descriptive study is to determine the Pedagogical Practices to Aid Korean EFL Learners with Language Anxiety of LCSSHS, how and why their teaching strategies help to aid them with their studies. The researchers floated questionnaires to the Korean Students of Lorma Colleges Special Science High School from Grade 7 to 4th year High School. The questionnaire used is a standardized test by Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J (1986). Results indicated that lack of sufficient input for learning FL/L2 in the environment where the target language is not the first language, and lack of opportunities to frequently process the limited (sometimes filled with errors) input, can cause language anxiety at the output (speaking) stage for ESL/EFL learners. The researchers also formulated lists of pedagogies that will serve as tools to help not only the teachers but also the Korean EFL learners in their studies.
Ilocana for All Seasons: Modern Image of Ilocano Women
Authors: Oringo Fernando P. , Velasco Kisha Anne A. , Amante Pamela Bianca Joy A. , Bernardo Fretzy Mikaella C. , Cala-Or Eurecka Fritz R. , Hidalgo Ianna Joy Marielle E. , Molina John Paul M. , Quilon Arnold Christian Q. , Sobremonte Myrene G.
Published: March 2020

Change is inevitable and certain factors contribute to these changes. Before people lived simpler lives but now, people seem to live their lives going with the trends. Stating the obvious, there is a difference in how women act, dress, how they were treated or simply on how they lived from the past and in the present. In terms of clothing, they wore more conservative clothes back then. This study aims to differentiate further the past from the present. It aims to know the divergence in women in the old days and women forthwith, as well as the factors that contributed to these transformations and its reasons. The researchers utilized interviews in gathering credible information in determining the various roles and lifestyles of Ilocano women. It was conducted in the Northern part of Luzon in the Philippines called “Ilocos” specifically in La Union. The Ilocanos are the third largest Filipino Ethnolinguistic group which makes it possible to conduct research integrating the empowerment of Ilocano women. This research is beneficial to women, especially to the Ilocanos. It clarifies the roles of women and the modern image of an Ilocano as part of the Filipino community. With the given responses of the participants, themes were identified in order to determine the changes among the various roles of women in an Ilocano culture. Their responses also indicated the values that every Ilocana possesses. The problems encountered by the Ilocano women were classified according to their various roles in society. The researchers came up with a recommendation that focuses on gender equality and promoting an egalitarian Ilocano community.