Методика первоначального планирования бесшовных Wi-Fi сетей связи в помещении
Authors: Козлов С.В. , Спирина Е.А. , Хамитова А.Ш. 
Published: February 2025

работе проводится разработка критерия, методики и алгоритма первоначального планирования Wi-Fi сетей в помещении с учётом внутрисистемных помех и характеристик помещения, заданных его трёхмерной картой. Разработанный алгоритм позволяет определить необходимое количество точек доступа и их местоположение для обеспечения связью заданного количества мобильных абонентов на обслуживаемой территории. В результате проведённого планирования показано, что параметры сети для рассмотренного случая определены за 400 итераций при коэффициенте покрытия 100 %.

To date, existing algorithms for the initial planning of indoor Wi-Fi networks use simplified criteria and models that do not take into account the influence of local objects on the radio waves propagation, as well as the effect of intra-system interference. This results in differences between the initial network plan and reality, and, consequently, increases the load on the next stage of planning – optimization of network parameters. Since planning indoor Wi-Fi networks requires adequate throughput estimates, the topical task is to develop a criterion, method and algorithm for initial planning, taking into account the above factors. The aim of the research was to develop a criterion, method and an algorithm for the initial planning of indoor Wi-Fi networks, taking into account intra-system interference and room’s features. The development of a criterion and method for the initial planning of indoor Wi-Fi networks. A method is being developed for the initial planning of indoor Wi-Fi networks, according to which the network throughput is calculated based on data on the provided services type and the number of subscribers. The minimum number of access points is determined based on load requirements. The serviced territory is divided into equal sections. In each section places one access point according to a random law. To take into account intra-system interference at each service area point, an MIMO channel complex matrix is calculated, taking into account the room’s characteristics, the signal-to-noise ratio matrix is formed, the number of spatial streams is determined, the signal-to-interference ratio, signal levels and channel data rates are calculated, taking into account the all access points that transmit data. To minimize the network load, the subscriber connects to an access point that provides the maximum channel data rate. The criterion for choosing the best access points placement is the coverage ratio. It is calculated as the number of possible subscribers location points, the channel data rate in which is greater than zero, to the total number of possible subscribers location points. If the coverage ratio is 100%, then the initial planning task is considered to be completed. Otherwise, the criterion for choosing the best access points placement would be the lexicographic maximum of the coverage ratio and the minimum signal-to-noise ratio. Based on the above method, an algorithm for the initial planning of seamless indoor Wi-Fi networks has been developed, which is implemented in the “OFDM Planning” software package. An analysis of efficiency of the method for the initial planning of indoor Wi-Fi networks was carried out with the use of the seamless IEEE 802.11ax network segment example on the first floor of the KNRTU-KAI campus. Conclusions. In this paper the criterion, method and algorithm for the initial planning of indoor Wi-Fi networks, taking into account intra-system interference and room’s features were developed. Using the first floor of the KNRTU-KAI campus for testing, the initial plan of the IEEE 802.11ax network segment was completed in 400 algorithm iterations. According to this plan four access points provides the required services at all possible subscribers location points. Channel data rates distribution map has been obtained.