bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drivers of intermodel uncertainty in land carbon sink projections
Authors: Padrón Ryan S. , Gudmundsson Lukas , Liu Laibao , Humphrey Vincent , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Over the past decades, land ecosystems removed from the atmosphere approximately one-third of anthropogenic carbon emissions, highlighting the
importance of the evolution of the land carbon sink for projected climate change. Nevertheless, the latest cumulative land carbon sink projections
from 11 Earth system models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) show an intermodel spread of
150 Pg C (i.e., ∼ 15 years of current anthropogenic emissions) for a policy-relevant scenario, with mean global warming by the end of
the century below 2 ∘C relative to preindustrial conditions. We hypothesize that this intermodel uncertainty originates from model
differences in the sensitivities of net biome production (NBP) to atmospheric CO2 concentration (i), to air temperature (ii), and to soil
moisture (iii), as well as model differences in average conditions of air temperature (iv) and soil moisture (v). Using multiple linear regression
and a resampling technique, we quantify the individual contributions of these five drivers for explaining the cumulative NBP anomaly of each model
relative to the multi-model mean. We find that the intermodel variability of the contributions of each driver relative to the total NBP intermodel
variability is 52.4 % for the sensitivity to temperature, 44.2 % for the sensitivity to soil moisture, 44 % for the sensitivity to
CO2, 26.2 % for the average temperature, and 21.9 % for the average soil moisture. Furthermore, the sensitivities of NBP to
temperature and soil moisture, particularly at tropical regions, contribute to explain 34 % to 65 % of the cumulative NBP deviations from
the ensemble mean of the two models with the lowest carbon sink (ACCESS-ESM1-5 and UKESM1-0-LL) and of the two models with the highest sink (CESM2
and NorESM2-LM), highlighting the primary role of the response of NBP to interannual climate variability. Overall, this study provides insights on
why each Earth system model projects either a low or high land carbon sink globally and across regions relative to the ensemble mean, which can
focalize efforts to identify the representation of processes that lead to intermodel uncertainty.
The role of tropical upwelling in explaining discrepancies between recent modeled and observed lower stratospheric ozone trends
Authors: Davis Sean , Davis Nicholas , Portmann Robert , Ray Eric , Rosenlof Karen
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Several analyses of satellite-based ozone measurements have reported that lower stratospheric ozone has declined since the late 1990s. In contrast to this, lower stratospheric ozone was found to be increasing in specified dynamics (SD) simulations from version 4 of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM-SD) where the model was nudged using reanalysis wind/temperature fields. This paper demonstrates that the standard configuration of WACCM-SD fails to reproduce the underlying tropical upwelling changes present in the reanalysis fields used to drive the model. Over the period since the late 1990s, WACCM-SD has a spurious negative upwelling trend that induces a positive quasi-global lower stratospheric column ozone trend and accounts for much of the apparent discrepancy between modeled and observed ozone trends. Using a suite of SD simulations with alternative nudging configurations, it is shown that short-term (~2 decade) ozone trends scale linearly with short-term trends in tropical upwelling. However, none of the simulations capture the recent ozone decline, and the ozone/upwelling scaling in the WACCM simulations suggests that a large short-term upwelling trend (~6 % decade-1) would be needed to explain the observed satellite trends. The strong relationship between ozone and upwelling, coupled with both the large range of reanalysis upwelling trend estimates and the inability of WACCM-SD simulations to reproduce upwelling from their input reanalyses, severely limits the use of these simulations for accurately reproducing recent ozone variability. Contrary to expectations, a free-running version of WACCM using only surface boundary conditions and a nudged QBO more closely captures both interannual variability and decadal-scale ozone “trends” than the SD simulations.
Long-term ash dispersal dataset of the Sakurajima Taisho eruption for ashfall disaster countermeasure
Authors: Rahadianto Haris , Tatano Hirokazu , Iguchi Masato , Tanaka Hiroshi L. , Takemi Tetsuya , Roy Sudip
Published: December 2022

Abstract. A large volcanic eruption can generate large amounts of
ash which affect the socio-economic activities of surrounding areas,
affecting airline transportation, socio-economics activities, and human
health. Accumulated ashfall has devastating impacts on areas surrounding the
volcano and in other regions, and eruption scale and weather conditions may
escalate ashfall hazards to wider areas. It is crucial to discover places
with a high probability of exposure to ashfall deposition. Here, as a
reference for ashfall disaster countermeasures, we present a dataset
containing the estimated distributions of the ashfall deposit and airborne
ash concentration, obtained from a simulation of ash dispersal following a
large-scale explosive volcanic eruption. We selected the Taisho (1914)
eruption of the Sakurajima volcano, as our case study. This was the
strongest eruption in Japan in the last century, and our study provides a
baseline for a worst-case scenario. We employed one eruption scenario (OES)
approach by replicating the actual event under various extended weather
conditions to show how it would affect contemporary Japan. We generated an
ash dispersal dataset by simulating the ash transport of the Taisho eruption
scenario using a volcanic ash dispersal model and meteorological reanalysis
data for 64 years (1958–2021). We explain the dataset production and
provide the dataset in multiple formats for broader audiences. We examine
the validity of the dataset, its limitations, and its uncertainties.
Countermeasure strategies can be derived from this dataset to reduce
ashfall risk. The dataset is available at the DesignSafe-CI Data Depot:
https://www.designsafe-ci.org/data/browser/public/designsafe.storage.published/PRJ-2848v2
or through the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.17603/ds2-vw5f-t920
by selecting Version 2 (Rahadianto and Tatano,
2020).
Weekly High Resolution Multispectral and Thermal UAS Mapping of an Alpine Catchment During Summer Snowmelt, Niwot Ridge, Colorado
Authors: Wigmore Oliver , Molotch Noah Paul
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Alpine ecosystems are experiencing rapid change, as a result of warming temperatures and changes in the quantity, timing and phase of precipitation. This in turn impacts patterns and processes of ecohydrologic connectivity, vegetation productivity, and water provision to downstream regions. The fine scale heterogeneous nature of these environments makes them challenging areas to measure with traditional instrumentation, and spatiotemporally coarse satellite imagery. This paper describes the data collection, processing, accuracy assessment, and availability, of a series of ~weekly interval unmanned aerial system (UAS) surveys, flown over the Niwot Ridge Long Term Ecological Research site during the 2017 summer snowmelt season. Visible, near infrared, and thermal infrared imagery were collected. Our unique series of 5–25 cm multispectral and thermal orthomosaics provide a unique snapshot of seasonal transitions in a high alpine catchment. Weekly radiometrically calibrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index imagery can be used to track vegetation productivity at the pixel scale through time. Thermal imagery can be used to map the movement of snow melt across and within the near subsurface, as well as identify locations where groundwater is discharging to the surface. A 10 cm digital surface model and dense point cloud are also provided for topographic analysis of the snow free surface. Data summaries, citations, and DOIs are provided in the Data Availability section. These datasets augment ongoing data collection within this heavily studied and important alpine site, and are made publicly available to facilitate wider use by the research community.
MANAGING INDOOR MOVABLE ASSETS IN 3D USING CITYGML FOR SMART CITY APPLICATIONS
Authors: Nasir A. A. M. , Azri S. , Ujang U. , Choon T. L.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Smart Cities are the extensive use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and open data to optimise the flow of energy, people, and data, especially in city infrastructure, management, and services. Nowadays, city or building management has become widespread regarding smart city development. Moreover, Asset Management is becoming increasingly important for cities to have the conditions for continuous development, buildings and urban infrastructures that must be planned more efficiently and sustainably. On the other hand, asset management is no longer appropriate since the appearance properties, textures, and materials attached to city models drastically increase the loading time for visualisation and spatial analysis. Besides, different applications or users demand different Level of Details (LODs); hence, a suitable 3D indoor model is needed. However, the available models representing indoor spaces’ geometric and semantic information are rarely described. Thus, to achieve effective asset management, we proposed organising indoor movable assets of indoor building models using CityGML. This paper aims to model the indoor movable assets based on Level of Detail 4 (LOD4) using CityGML concept. There are several limitations of current indoor movable asset management practice, such as the unavailability of asset visualisation, outdated asset information, and a tedious filing system. Therefore, integrating indoor asset management and the CityGML seems to be a better option to manage the 3D asset management information efficiently. This study uses the 3D building model in level 4 (LOD4) to conceptualise and organise the indoor asset information and visualisation. The final output of this study is indoor asset information in LOD 4. Each of the components can be viewed individually together with its information. For future use, the model can be used to serve various smart city applications such as indoor navigation, design, and planning.
kCV-B: BOOTSTRAP WITH CROSS-VALIDATION FOR DEEP LEARNING MODEL DEVELOPMENT, ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION
Authors: Nurunnabi A. , Teferle F. N. , Laefer D. F. , Remondino F. , Karas I. R. , Li J.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. This study investigates the inability of two popular data splitting techniques: train/test split and k-fold cross-validation that are to create training and validation data sets, and to achieve sufficient generality for supervised deep learning (DL) methods. This failure is mainly caused by their limited ability of new data creation. In response, the bootstrap is a computer based statistical resampling method that has been used efficiently for estimating the distribution of a sample estimator and to assess a model without having knowledge about the population. This paper couples cross-validation and bootstrap to have their respective advantages in view of data generation strategy and to achieve better generalization of a DL model. This paper contributes by: (i) developing an algorithm for better selection of training and validation data sets, (ii) exploring the potential of bootstrap for drawing statistical inference on the necessary performance metrics (e.g., mean square error), and (iii) introducing a method that can assess and improve the efficiency of a DL model. The proposed method is applied for semantic segmentation and is demonstrated via a DL based classification algorithm, PointNet, through aerial laser scanning point cloud data.
THE DRAWING OF A TERRITORIAL INFRASTRUCTURE. THE CASE STUDY OF THE ‘CAROLINO’ AQUEDUCT (ITALY)
Authors: Pisacane N.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The ‘Carolino’ Aqueduct, a territorial infrastructure, principally known to lead water to the park and the gardens of the Royal Palace of Caserta (Italy) is the main topic of tis paper. Specifically, presented here are some outcomes of research activities carried within the discipline of drawing with its different meanings (survey, representation, modeling, communication) and scalarities (architecture and territory). The activities have been fully systematized within a Geographical Information System (GIS) project with the aim not only to archive all the acquired and surveyed information but also to make it a communication tool - accessible through the web - to an expanded user that can enjoy this infrastructure, inscribed for its peculiarities in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
TOPOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS IN R3 FOR 3D CADASTRE
Authors: Salleh S. , Ujang U. , Azri S.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. 3D cadastre is necessary for accurately representing real-world parcels that not only exist on land but also above and below ground. The ability to cater to the physical and legal attributes of these 3D parcels is important as it affects the Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities (RRRs). Tasks such as modification and analysis of 3D parcels also require topological information in addition to the geometrical properties of a 3D parcel. Topological properties describe the connectivity information between objects. In terms of the 3D cadastre, the intrinsic topology is used to ensure the spatial objects that make up a 3D solid are valid, while extrinsic topology is used to determine adjacent 3D solids or overlapping parcels. This paper attempted to define topological relationships in 3D space specifically for the use of 3D cadastre. 3D to 3D solid and 2D to 2D surface topological interactions were defined and proved using the Dimensionally Extended Nine Intersection Model (DE-9IM). The “meet (touches)” and “overlaps” topological relationships were found to be the main topological relationship used in the 3D cadastre.
AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN OBJECTS FROM MOBILE LASER SCANNING DATA
Authors: Seyfeli S. , Ok A. O.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The study deals with the automatic supervised classification of urban objects from point clouds collected by the vehicle-based Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) system. A benchmark dataset representing the Technical University of Munich (TUM) City Campus was used. The main contribution of this article is evaluating the performance difference between kNN, cylindrical and spherical local neighborhood relations in point-based classification of an MLS system using local geometric and shape-based features. The Random Forest (RF) classifier was performed for 8 manually marked classes in the benchmark set: artificial terrain, natural terrain, high vegetation, low vegetation, building, hardscape, artifact and vehicle. We reveal that the cylindrical neighborhood with 13 attributes provides an improvement of 5.2% compared to the spherical neighborhood, while the kNN gave almost the same result as the cylindrical neighborhood (0.8% improvement) in the shortest time. Finally, a new feature set was created by combining the most important features obtained from different neighborhood types. As a result, we achieved 96.9% overall accuracy by using 19 significant features obtained from all neighborhood types for the TUM-MLS1 point cloud.
DATA SECURITY CHALLENGES IN SELF-DRIVING CAR
Authors: Lahdya S. , Mazri T.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. As modern vehicles are sophisticated IoT devices with intelligence, capable of connecting to external infrastructure and utilizing vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, communications need to be secured so that cyberattacks do not reach their destination. In addition, the various organs of the car (sensors, communications, and controls) can have weaknesses that lead to accidents or potential fatalities. Automakers have a major responsibility for the safety of their customers and should not ignore important security research, but should ensure that important security measures are implemented that are less likely to attack your vehicle. This paper addresses the relevant attacks and threats to modern vehicles and presents a security analysis and possible countermeasures. We discussed the future of modern and autonomous vehicles and concluded that further countermeasures must be taken to create a future-proof concept.
A WEB-BASED APPLICATION FOR MAKING LOW-COST VACATION RESERVATIONS FOR TOURISTS USING THE K-NEAREST NEIGHBORS ALGORITHM
Authors: Mariwa S. O. , Tunduny T. K.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. An occasional recreational vacation is a necessity for many people. It provides a perfect opportunity for the body and the mind to get much-needed rest after weeks, months, or years of daunting tasks and a break from routine. It also gives people morale as they perform their usual tasks afterward. Unfortunately, many people are unable to afford a vacation not only internationally but also locally due to the high costs involved. This makes many people prefer spending their holidays with extended families, by, for instance, traveling to their rural homes as opposed to taking a vacation. To boost the tourism sector in our country that is being promoted by initiatives such as ‘Tembea Kenya’, we should encourage domestic tourism. Another challenge is the experience in hotels that some people do not like that would entirely cause them to opt to spend their holidays differently, for example, the lack of privacy in the shared accommodation facility, the limited space in hotels, the numerous restrictions, the level of cleanliness in the shared facility especially during the COVID-19 crisis, etcetera. The aim of this project was to solve the problem by coming up with a technological means of enabling people to make reservations for vacation homes with each other such that they mutually benefit from the program thus eliminating the fee for renting out the house. This solution was implemented using a web-based application and applied the K-Nearest Neighbors machine learning algorithm that was used to classify homes based on the features available.
Reanalysis representation of low-level winds in the Antarctic near-coastal region
Authors: Caton Harrison Thomas , Biri Stavroula , Bracegirdle Thomas J. , King John C. , Kent Elizabeth C. , Vignon Étienne , Turner John
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Low-level easterly winds encircling Antarctica help drive coastal currents which modify transport of circumpolar deep water to ice shelves, and the formation and distribution of sea ice. Reanalysis datasets are especially important at high southern latitudes where observations are few. Here, we investigate the representation of the mean state and short-term variability of coastal easterlies in three recent reanalyses, ERA5, MERRA-2 and JRA-55. Reanalysed winds are compared with summertime marine near-surface wind observations from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) and surface and upper air measurements from coastal stations. Reanalysis coastal easterlies correlate highly with ASCAT (r= 0.91, 0.89 and 0.85 for ERA5, MERRA-2 and JRA-55, respectively) but notable wind speed biases are found close to the coastal margins, especially near complex orography and at high wind speeds. To characterise short-term variability, 12-hourly reanalysis and coastal station winds are composited using self-organising maps (SOMs), which cluster timesteps under similar synoptic and mesoscale influences. Reanalysis performance is sensitive to the flow configuration at stations near steep coastal slopes, where they fail to capture the magnitude of near-surface wind speed variability when synoptic forcing is weak and conditions favour katabatic forcing. ERA5 exhibits the best overall performance, has more realistic orography, and a more realistic jet structure and temperature profile. These results demonstrate the regime behaviour of Antarctica's coastal winds and indicate important features of the coastal winds which are not well characterised by reanalysis datasets.
Acute Toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on Histological Alterations in the Anomuran Crab, Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
Authors: Sivakumar J. , Bhuvaneswari S. , Venu S. , Sivakumar S. , Shanmugasundaram C. , Sankarganesh P.
Published: December 2022

Acute toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on histological alterations in the different organs like gills, hepatopancreas and ovary of anomuran crab, Emerita asiatica was studied. Though Emerita asiatica is not a commercially viable crab, but it plays a vital role in the environment to maintain a stable marine ecosystem. Several steps and precautions measures should be taken to conserve these members of the marine food chain to have a stable ecosystem and also to protect this species from extinction. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chlorpyrifos which has been legally banned in India is justified. It has been proved by several workers and has been conformed in present investigation that use of this Chlorpyrifos causes serious damage to the vital organ of sand crabs gill, hepatopancreas and ovary. The application of Chlorpyrifos could be reduced in the agricultural field to nearby coastal regions.
A CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE SPEECH ACT OF COMPLAINT BY URDU SPEAKERS
Authors:   Department of Linguistics & Literature, Qurtuba, University of Science and Information Technology, D.I. Khan, Pakistan, Ajmal Muhammad , Rana Samina ,   Higher Education Department, Punjab, Pakistan, Ajmal Abrar ,   Minhaj University Lahore, Pakistan
Published: December 2022

The present study is a corpus-based analysis of speech act of complaint for exploring the complaint strategies adopted by Urdu speakers. It is a stereotype, that male Urdu speakers are more annoyed and threatening as compared to female Urdu speakers in their linguistic behaviour. A convenient sampling technique was adopted and Discourse Completion Task (DCT) was formulated and used to gather data. We have used both methods of analysis i.e. qualitative method and quantitative method for the interpretation of the data. The percentage of female Urdu speakers performing a Directive Act of Request (DA/R) in complaining situations is more than males. The study imlies that efforts should be made to overcome illiteracy and real-life situations should be practised at institutes so that whole Urdu-speaking community may become eligible to behave politely in real life and use language in a polite and civilized way. Keywords: Speech act of complaint, ELF, CMC, TripAdvisor
WORK-FAMILY ENRICHMENT AND SUBJECTIVE CAREER SUCCESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MEN AND WOMEN
Authors:   Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Pakistan, Altaf Mehreen , Habib Musarrat ,   The University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan, Alvi Gulshan Fatima ,   Lahore Leads University, Lahore Pakistan
Published: December 2022

A sufficient number of studies place a greater emphasis on the Subject Career Success (SCS). The present research focuses on SCS concerning work-family (W/F) enrichment for both men and women. The relationship between work-family enrichment and employees' perceptions of their career success is examined in this study, and working on top/middle/lower management levels of the banking sector in Pakistan using a sample of 300 respondents. The target group for this study includes knowledge workers, both men and women (150 each), and those who hold various managerial positions (top, middle, and lower) at different places in the Pakistani banks of Lahore. A gender-based comparison was made. The enrichment in both directions—from work to family and from family to work was evaluated. The data obtained through the questionnaire was analysed by applying regression and correlational techniques. The results show that both dimensions of work-family enrichment increase significantly. Moreover, the subjective career success of the individuals and we also find that this relationship is more positively significant in the case of women. The results of this study suggest that organisations and human resource practitioners must be facilitated with supportive culture at the workplace to enhance work-family enrichment, which will resultantly increase the overall productivity of the employees and reinforce their career and family satisfaction. Employers should develop and implement family-friendly policies in their organisations to ensure work-life balance for men and women. This study can be further investigated by including any mediating or moderating variable and other demographic variables like spousal support and number of children/ siblings/ dependents. Antecedents of WFE can also be taken into account for further study. Keywords: subjective career success, work-home perspective, work-family enrichment, the work-family interface, comparative study.
REFLECTIONS ON LEADERSHIP CAPACITIES OF HEAD TEACHERS: ELEMENTARY TEACHERS’ DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES IN THE CONTEXT OF ELCC STANDARDS
Authors:   Department of Education, Government Wilayat Hussain Islamia College, Multan, Pakistan, Ali Hakim , Hussain Bashir ,   Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, Zulfqar Asia ,   Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Published: December 2022

The main objective of this study was to examine elementary school head teachers’ leadership capacities as perceived by their teachers. Precisely, leadership capacities of head teachers were analyzed in six key areas of internal and external leadership related to ELCC (2002) standards. This study also examined differences in participants’ perceptions, when grouped by their demographic variables and internal-external division. This quantitative study applied survey design to achieve the objectives. A 28-items Principals’ Leadership Capacities Questionnaire (PLCQ), designed by Naijar (2006), was adapted and administered to randomly selected sample of 1115 teachers from 363 elementary schools in two districts of the Southern Punjab (Pakistan) and finally 876 (78.6%) responded. The factor analysis, descriptive statistics, and a range of inferential statistical tests were applied to analyze the data. Factor analysis (Principal Components Analysis) found that the leadership capacities of head teachers can be measured separately in the subsequent two dimensions i.e., internal leadership capacities and external leadership capacities. Findings of the descriptive statistics suggest that school teachers perceive their head teachers’ both internal and external leadership capacities as more positive than negative. Inferential analyses found that teachers perceive that their head teachers have significantly better external leadership capacities than internal ones, though both capacities are just above average. Likewise, significant differences were found in teachers’ views about their head teachers leadership capacities based on their various demographic variables. This study will inform the middle and top-level management in school education to design and organize capacity building programs for elementary school head teachers to develop their leadership capabilities. Keywords: Leadership capacities, Head teachers, Elementary schools, Teachers’ perspective, ELCC standards.
LITERARY THEORIES AND THE COMMON GROUNDS OF PHENOMENOLOGY: A CRITIQUE WITH A SPECIAL FOCUS ON MARXISM
Authors:   University of Sindh & Government College Sama Satta Bahawalpur Pakistan, Hussain Mumtaz , Khan Marina ,   Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Pakistan, Rehman Muhammad Faisal ,   The Department of Architecture, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
Published: December 2022

The ground aspects of phenomenological perspective provide a wide range of the literary study in collaboration with literary theories with the single exception of Marxism that cannot be studied better in the phenomenological perspectives; rather, in critical ones. The relationship of Marxism and literary theories with phenomenological common grounds is highlighted in the current study through descriptive method of research. The study illustrates this relationship of Marxism and literary theories in phenomenological perspectives considering the previous studies for which Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is taken as a sample. Keywords: Literary Theories; Marxism; Phenomenology
EFFECTS OF TV MORNING SHOWS ON THE DOMESTIC WOMEN: A CASE STUDY OF BAHAWALPUR
Authors:   Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Raza Syed Yousaf , Shahid Rao ,   Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Hameed Basharat ,   Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan
Published: December 2022

The current study is aimed at investigating the impact of the morning TV shows on the perspective of domestic females. Researcher has used a survey method in order to gather data from the population of the study and questionnaire was used to gather data from the sample of the study. The findings revealed that these shows have impact on the lives of domestic women and mental prosperity. It is said by the audience that these shows have ruined the way of life and made individuals more complex than ever. In the past, the substance of the discussion by morning show was vastly improved and their motivation was to teach individuals with the aim to advance our own particular society but the scenario change after 2006. All the public and private TV channels in Pakistan are broadcasting morning shows, in competition which got high number of ratings in the beginning. Singing, dancing, promoting vulgar fashion, showing fake incidents are now common. Even the discussion with the invited guest is nothing but senseless chats which are impeccable. Keywords: Television, Morning Shows, Women, Family Issues, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
The School Food Solution: Creating a healthy school food environment with Canada's Food Guide
Authors: Dacunha Chantelle , Ng Eric , Elton Sarah
Published: December 2022

In 2021, Canada’s federal government made a historic commitment to develop a national school food policy. Among overlapping challenges of increasing food insecurity, rising food costs, and the impact on food systems from climate change, there is now an opportunity to create a school food environment that ensures universal access to nutri­tious foods and supports sustainability in food sys­tems. A universal school food program can ensure that all children, regardless of income, access the recommended nutritious foods and can promote climate-friendly diets. Such school food programs can also support local farmers and regional econo­mies. In this paper, we outline the policy context for the new Canada’s Food Guide and the researched benefits of school food. We argue that Canada’s Food Guide can support a healthy school environment that is equitable and that promotes sustainability in the food system by embracing founding principles of diet equity and sustainabil­ity. Our concluding discussion outlines issues to be addressed in implementation.
Uso de dendrómetros para la programación de riego en cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en la Estación Experimental de Sapecho
Authors: Chino Zelada Hector , Chipana Rivera René , Choque Tarqui Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2022

The management of water resources is very important for the production and profitability of crops. However, the growing scarcity of water makes it necessary to implement irrigation scheduling under efficient irrigation systems to optimize water use efficiency. The objective was focused on developing the necessary bases to program the irrigation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) exclusively using measurements of the maximum daily contraction of the trunk (MCD), which was carried out at the Sapecho Experimental Station, Sud Yungas province of the department of La Paz, with a completely randomized block design, with treatments of T1 = 100% irrigation and T2 = 50% irrigation plus a Witness (T0), the results indicated that the MCD is a sensitive indicator to diagnose changes in the state cocoa water, in this sense it was possible to obtain reference equations for the MCD with respect to the climatic variables of maximum and average temperature. It was possible to verify that the application of irrigation had an effect on the production of fruits that had an increase in yield with the application of the different treatments, being that T1 presented better results with 852.47 kg/ha, followed by T2 with 652.67 kg/ha unlike the control T0 that presented 205.93 kg/ha.
LUTS in COVID-19 sequelae
Authors: Sudhakar N. , Ranjini S. Sree , Giridharan S. , Padmapriya P.
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The corona disease became a major public health problem leading to a pandemic. Millions of individuals were infected or led to mortality because of the disease. Apart from fever and cough, many more clinical features and indicators, post COVID-19 are still unknown.  In the present study we demonstrate the onset of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after COVID-19 recovery. Methods: We retrospectively assessed 78 patients from with a minimum one month and maximum 6-month history of COVID-19 positivity. Only mild cases were selected for the present study. All the patients recovered with home quarantine. The complete symptoms and the condition of the patients were noted. All the patients were between 24-70 years of age. We analysed the prime associated symptoms and post COVID sequelae of the patients. Results: Among the 78 patients, 66 had increased urgency and frequency, 6 patients had Obstructive urination. 6 individuals had both the presentations. Out of the total patients, known diabetic were 62, non-diabetics were 16 and newly diagnosed were 3 patients. Conclusions: The present retrospective study is the first to be reported in South Indian population and which demonstrated that increased lower urinary tract symptoms are common presentation as a post COVID sequelae.
The Effects of Design Combinations of Surface Materials and Plants on Outdoor Thermal Conditions during Summer around a Single-Detached House: a Numerical Analysis
Authors: Leetongin Pichamon , Inprom Natthaumporn , Srivanit Manat , Jareemit Daranee
Published: December 2022

Suburban areas with low-density buildings are subject to only limited shading from adjacent buildings. As a result, these areas have more surface area absorbing more radiation, which has the effect of increasing urban temperatures compared with built-up high-density areas. This study aims to assess the combinations of landscape design, namely the integration of wall-paint colors, used to influence the outdoor thermal conditions around a single house in a housing cluster in suburban Bangkok, Thailand. The investigation used the ENVI-met model to perform diurnal profiles of the air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), direct and diffuse solar radiation, and wind speed (WS) in summer. The results show that only a single design element adversely affected the cooling effect, while other combinations of landscape design significantly improved outdoor thermal conditions. It was found that a combination of light wall-paint colors and trees planted near the house provided the maximum reduction in Ta of 0.7°C (1.6% from the base case), and a 2.7% reduction in the noon solar radiation. High-reflectance wall-paint was found to have a secondary influence of up to 0.2°C on the Ta, while the temperature reductions from changing the ground-cover materials had only a slight impact. Finally, landscape designs integrating wall-paint colors to promote a cooler outdoor environment are proposed.
Feminist Softball as Everyday Utopia
Authors: Adams Mary Louise
Published: December 2022

In 1987, Susan Birrell and Diana Richter wrote “Is a Diamond Forever?” a study of feminist softball teams and their players’ efforts to use sport as a vehicle of political transformation, one of several pieces in which Birrell takes up sport as a feminist strategy. In this essay, I discuss the article as a historical artifact, contextualizing it in relation to intersectional critiques of second-wave feminism that readers might bring to it today. I argue that Birrell and Richter's emphasis on feminist attempts to transform sport remain relevant in a context where some progressive scholarship tends to prioritize critique over concrete change. I suggest that the feminist softball discussed by Birrell and Richter serves as an example of prefigurative or utopian politics or, in other words, activism through which people try to put their visions of socially just futures into practice. “Is a Diamond Forever?” reminds us of the feminist history of creative efforts to transform conventional models of sport and to engage the “potentialities” of sport in the project of making a better world.
Tuesdays with Susan
Authors: Narcotta-Welp Eileen , TePoel Dain
Published: December 2022

The indelible 1993 film, Rudy, about a working-class man from the deindustrializing U.S. Midwest, serves as a backdrop for our discussion of Susan Birrell's lasting legacy in sport studies and sport history. As two of Dr. Birrell's former teaching assistants at the University of Iowa, who attended lectures and screenings for an undergraduate Sport and Film class every Tuesday evening throughout numerous semesters, we focus our gaze on one of her most underappreciated analytical and methodological interventions: intertextuality. We expand on our memories and discuss how we, as instructors, would have our students engage with intertextuality, using Rudy and the current texts of “Rudy II,” a 2019 Kentucky Fried Chicken commercial, and “Robbie,” a 2020 Saturday Night Live skit. These sources, when analyzed together, reveal the reproduction of white, middle-class values in sport film. Therefore, critical cultural perspectives and intertextual approaches to sport film, what we describe as a “Birrellian” legacy, continue to matter as ways for students and scholars to interrogate and engage in broader social and political discourses.
Stinging or Soothing: Trigger Warnings, Fanfiction, and Reading Violent Texts
Authors: Bruns Cristina Vischer
Published: December 2022

This essay examines two contrasting cases of readers engaging with violent texts: student requests for trigger warnings to alert them to potentially troubling content in course materials, and widely popular fanfiction writing and reading in which fans create new stories within fictional worlds they love, sometimes adding depictions of physical, emotional, or sexual violence. Violent material is alternately resisted or is sought out and even created. Examining these contrasting stances reveals a conception of fiction in which violent content is central for its capacity to produce powerful, personal effects in readers. With a measure of control over their engagement with and response to texts they read, readers can use depictions of violence to enable them to externalize, manipulate, and resolve their own potentially overwhelming emotional states. This outcome is obscured by the academic privileging of reading at a critical distance, and it demonstrates a vital role for the personal in theorizing fiction reading and pedagogy.
Photographs, Materiality and Sport History: Peter Norman and the 1968 Mexico City Black Power Salute
Authors: Osmond Gary
Published: December 2022

This article considers the ways in which Australian athlete Peter Norman is presented and represented through the famous photograph of the 1968 Mexico City Olympic games “Black Power” salute. Photographic images are not simple, neutral, or objective records of the past; various material acts influence and affect the ways images are interpreted and read. This article will explore the materiality of the 1968 photograph with particular reference to Peter Norman, who is at different times, and in varying ways, both obscured and emphasized. A materiality approach contributes to understandings of the potential importance of photographs as sources. Most typically, photographs have been used by sport historians as decorative complements to verbal text. Borrowing from recent theoretical work on photographic materiality, by anthropologists and geographers in particular, this article sees photographs as supplementary to the written word, and offering new insights into how knowledge about the past is produced.
The Story of Benny “Kid” Paret: Cuban Boxers, the Cuban Revolution, and the U.S. Media, 1959-1962
Authors: Abreu Christina D.
Published: December 2022

This article examines the personal life history and professional boxing career of Afro-Cuban boxer Benny “Kid” Paret between 1959 and 1962. Paret died nine days after suffering a brutal beating in the ring at the hands of Emile Griffith, and this article focuses on the public discourse surrounding his death in the context of strained U.S.-Cuba relations, increased Cuban migration to the United States after 1959, and race and ethnic identity formation. Using major U.S. newspapers, magazines, and boxing periodicals as well as African-American and Spanish-language newspapers, this article contributes to a growing body of literature on Latino/as, race, and sport.
“I Never Was a Champion at Anything”: Theodore Roosevelt’s Complex and Contradictory Record as America’s “Sports President”
Authors: Swanson Ryan A.
Published: December 2022

The historical memory of Theodore Roosevelt as an athlete and as a builder of America’s modern sporting landscape is an enduring one. Scholars and lay historians alike have often recounted Roosevelt’s athletic feats. And indeed many connections do exist. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) links Roosevelt to its earliest days. Fans of the Army-Navy football game tout Roosevelt as a forefather. Journalists covering Roosevelt’s time in the White House have left behind dozens of stories describing the president’s wrestling, hiking, sparring, and tennis matches. Despite these connections (and others), however, the broadly accepted historical memory is imprecise—at times exaggerating Roosevelt’s impact on the sporting world and at other times failing to appreciate the complexity and contradictions inherent in Roosevelt’s “athletic doctrine.” This article begins to remedy that imprecision by examining the historiography and historical memory of Roosevelt the athlete and identifying the tenets of Roosevelt’s athletic doctrine. Then, and most significantly, the study examines several examples of Roosevelt’s limited influence over the development of modern sporting culture in the United States. The goal of the study is not to knock Roosevelt from his pedestal within U.S. sports history but rather to reconsider the intricacies of Roosevelt’s athletic biography and to recalibrate our understanding of Roosevelt’s influence over sporting culture.
The Study of Chui Wan, a Golf-like Game in the Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties of Ancient China
Authors: Yan Gui , Tianju Zhang , Liebao Han
Published: December 2022

Chui wan was a game that was once very popular in the Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties of ancient China. It bore a strong resemblance to the game of golf. According to the records, chui wan originated from the ancient polo game in the Song Dynasty, and its development culminated in the Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty but then it disappeared sometime in the Qing Dynasty. Wan Jing, the first monograph about chui wan in Chinese history, described the game in detail. This article introduces the history of chui wan and also the site choice, equipment, rules, strategies, and etiquette of the game as described in the book, Wan Jing. The authors hope it will help with future studies and research on the potential relations between chui wan and golf.
The Power, Politics, and Potential of Feminist Sports History: A Multi-Generational Dialogue
Authors: Thorpe Holly , Olive Rebecca
Published: December 2022

This article considers the role that feminism has played in the development of sport history. More than writing “women’s sport history,” “feminist sport history” critically (re)engages issues of theory, method, and representation in the ways we approach historical scholarship. However, feminism remains a diverse area of thought that includes both political and personal aspects, which creates differences in the perspectives that feminist scholars bring to the field. After an overview of the development and contributions of feminism to sport history, this article reveals some of the diverse feminist perspectives in the field by constructing a dialogue using comments from interviews and literature from three “generations” of feminist sport historians. Exploring differences in feminist approaches
Netball in the Lives of New Zealand Women: The Potential of Focus Groups for Feminist Sport History
Authors: Marfell Amy
Published: December 2022

Contemporary feminist sport historians implement an array of innovative and unique methodologies to explore the lives and sporting experiences of women. Yet focus groups remain relatively scarce in the field of feminist sport history. Drawing upon my study of women’s past and present netball experiences in New Zealand society, this paper reveals how a post-structural feminist approach to focus groups can offer a valuable means to capture women’s multiple and varied sporting experiences. More particularly, I discuss how focus groups with an emphasis on oral history can be used to foreground the “stories” of women’s past sporting lives, evoke rich memories, and importantly, to recognize the need to position women’s voices within broader socio-cultural developments and gender relations.
Senses and Emotions in the History of Sport
Authors: Keys Barbara
Published: December 2022

Like most historians, sport historians have generally emphasized the visual and cognitive dimensions of human experience while neglecting the sensorial and the emotional. This essay suggests that the rapid expansion and the growing sophistication of historical study of senses and emotions have created exciting opportunities for sport history. More systematic attention to the role of senses and emotions in shaping perceptions of and meanings derived from sport could enrich our understanding of the history of sport. The essay offers some suggestions as to how such issues might be further explored.
Parting Ways, Testing Waters: Norway’s Early Olympic Ventures
Authors: Ross John F.L.
Published: December 2022

Fidelity to fair play informs a Norwegian national passion for OL, the Olympic games, that embraces popular engagement, organizational skill, and athletic prowess. Yet dominance in ice-and-snow sport has siphoned attention from Norway’s initial Olympic engagements that, up to 1924, were summer only. These reflected an uneasy push-pull dynamic shaped by internal politics, socio-cultural traditions, and regional tensions. The nascent Olympic stage gave Norway, which split acrimoniously from Sweden in 1905, needed visibility in an age of ascendant nationalism. However, the elitist early modern Olympic world also clashed with egalitarian impulses and indigenous traditions that revered idræt, the vigorous but non-competitive pursuit of athletic endeavor. A wider values conflict was telescoped into the Norwegian debate during formative decades, while tensions with Sweden formed a little-known political backdrop to the 1912 Stockholm games. Only from the 1930s could Norway make peace with the Olympic project and forge its Hegelian-like postwar synthesis in which sporting professionalism has eclipsed yet not eradicated traditional idræt elements.
The Truth about Historical Sport Films
Authors: Schultz Jaime
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes three new-millennial historical sports films that deal with racial desegregation and integration in the United States: Remember the Titans (2000), Glory Road (2006), and The Express (2008). Specifically, it attends to the ways in which filmmakers play fast and loose with history when it comes to chronology, characters, and past events. The intent is not to focus on micromistakes but rather to consider those inaccuracies most germane to the larger “truths” in these films. Ultimately, the author contends that historical sport films tend to depict racism as a relic of the past and freight sports figures with an excessive sense of responsibility for ostensible racial progress.