bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAJEMEN INSANI QURANIK: PANDUAN PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA
Authors: Desi Safitri  , Ari Daryani
Published: August 2024

Humans, as creations of Allah SWT, possess unique abilities and hold a preeminent status among all living beings. The Quran elucidates that humans are designated as stewards on Earth. In the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, it is emphasized that a virtuous individual should exhibit abundant kindness towards their fellow human beings. Human potential can be categorized into physical and spiritual dimensions. Allah SWT fashioned humans to be recipients and practitioners of His teachings, elevating them to an honorable position. These potentials granted to humans fundamentally represent Allah SWT's guidance (hidayah) to enable them to lead lives harmonious with their inherent nature. In the context of Islam, human resource management aligns with the model exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad SAW, grounded in the Islamic conception of humanity. The primary tenets are as follows: 1. Humans are created to worship God, implying that all human endeavors should manifest as acts of worship. 2. Humans serve as vicegerents of Allah on Earth, responsible for its stewardship. The overarching objective of human resource management is to optimize productivity within an organization. Human resources are a sacred trust that demands conscientious stewardship, which holds significance in the afterlife. Thus, effective human resource management should be guided by Islamic Sharia, as illuminated in the Quran, which offers explicit guidance on the management of human resources.
RELEVANSI DIMENSI ETIKA SOSIAL DALAM INTERPRETASI AL-AZHAR OLEH HAMKA
Authors: Eska Hifdiyah Sahal  , Asri Sulastri
Published: August 2024

This study aims to identify the style of social ethics, referred to as Adab Ijtima'i, contained in Hamka's Al-Azhar commentary. In addition, this study also aims to show that Hamka's tafsir Al-Azhar is characterized by the Adab Ijtima'i approach. The method of interpretation referred to as al-Adab al-Ijtima'ī mainly aims to explain the social instructions given in the Qur'ān. Moreover, the aim is to address and resolve social issues by providing these guidelines in a clear and pragmatic manner that can be easily understood and implemented in daily life. The key element in understanding tafsir adab al-ijtima'i is the harmonious integration of Quranic teachings with people's life behaviors, traditions, and cultural frameworks.   This integration facilitates the application of these principles in the problem-solving process. In tafsir al-Azhar, Hamka uses the tafsir adabi ijtima'i approach to examine and explain the verses of the Quran. These clues can be found in various interpretations, which include legal verses and lyric poems referred to as Kauniyah.
HUMAN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AL-QURÁN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dariyanto  , Nabil
Published: August 2024

The study of human language and how humans acquire language is the interesting subject  to linguistic experts. The Koran, with Arabic as a religious language, explicitly and implicitly provides globally and comprehensively signals about how humans acquire language. This research aims to: 1) explain the meaning of language and the features of human language from linguists. 2) explain how humans acquire the language perspective of the Koran. Using the literature method, the interpretations of Al-Quran exegetes provide an explanation of how humans acquired their language. Human language has more features and uniquies. In the Al-Qurán, it is explicitly and implicitly explained that language teaching starts to recognize the names of objects, which is the most important part of how humans acquire language through the process. Fundamentally, to introduce formally or informally teaching the names of objects and their functions is an important  basis to master a language.
Determining the Challenges of Implementing Instructional Leadership in Township Secondary Schools in the Western Cape: A Case Study
Authors: Mofoka Jerry G. , Mokhampanyane Matsolo
Published: August 2024

In this empirical paper, the researchers determine the challenges experienced by township secondary school principals in the Western Cape, in implementing instructional leadership. The background to this paper is that there are challenges in the implementation of instructional leadership in township secondary schools which leads to learners performing poorly in the National Senior Certificate (NSC) exam. The study is couched in the theoretical framework of Critical Emancipatory Research which advocates peace, hope, equality, freedom, and social justice. A transformative paradigm under the qualitative approach and participatory action research design was adopted to analyse the experiences of the stakeholders of the research school. A focus group discussion was conducted with the school management team (SMT) of a particular secondary school in the Metro East Education district in the Western Cape. This SMT comprised eight members, including the school principal. The findings revealed that ineffective communication and a lack of clear goals are the primary causes of challenges to the effective implementation of instructional leadership. Contrary to this, effective communication and formulation of clear goals can alleviate the challenges experienced in instructional leadership. Considering the findings, the study argues that effective communication, and a formulation of clear goals, are a prerequisite for the implementation of effective instructional leadership in schools. This study contributes to the body of research on the challenges of implementing effective instructional leadership from the township context in the Western Cape province in South Africa.

Keywords: instructional leadership, critical emancipatory research, participatory action research, learner achievement, teamwork.
MagMaR III—Resisting the Pressure, Is the Magnetic Field Overwhelmed in NGC6334I?
Authors: Cortés Paulo C. , Girart Josep M. , Sanhueza Patricio , Liu Junhao , Martín Sergio , Stephens Ian W. , Beuther Henrik , Koch Patrick M. , Fernández-López M. , Sánchez-Monge Álvaro , Wang Jia-Wei , Morii Kaho , Li Shanghuo , Saha Piyali , Zhang Qizhou , Rebolledo David , Zapata Luis A. , Kang Ji-hyun , Jiao Wenyu , Kim Jongsoo , Cheng Yu , Hwang Jihye , Chung Eun Jung , Choudhury Spandan , Lyo A-Ran , Olguin Fernando
Published: August 2024

We report on Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of polarized dust emission at 1.2 mm from NGC6334I, a source known for its significant flux outbursts. Between five months, our data show no substantial change in total intensity and a modest 8% variation in linear polarization, suggesting a phase of stability or the conclusion of the outburst. The magnetic field, inferred from this polarized emission, displays a predominantly radial pattern from northwest to southeast with intricate disturbances across major cores, hinting at spiral structures. Energy analysis of CS (J = 5 → 4) emission yields an outflow energy of approximately 3.5 × 1045 erg, aligning with previous interferometric studies. Utilizing the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method, we determined magnetic field strengths ranging from 1 to 11 mG, averaging at 1.9 mG. This average increases to 4 ± 1 mG when incorporating Zeeman measurements. Comparative analyses using gravitational, thermal, and kinetic energy maps reveal that magnetic energy is significantly weaker, possibly explaining the observed field morphology. We also find that the energy in the outflows and the expanding cometary HII region is also larger than the magnetic energy, suggesting that protostellar feedback may be the dominant driver behind the injection of turbulence in NGC6334I at the scales sampled by our data. The gas in NGC6334I predominantly exhibits supersonic and trans-Alfvenic conditions, transitioning towards a super-Alfvenic regime, underscoring a diminished influence of the magnetic field with increasing gas density. These observations are in agreement with prior polarization studies at 220 GHz, enriching our understanding of the dynamic processes in high-mass star-forming regions.
Theoretical Strong-line Metallicity Diagnostics for the JWST Era
Authors: Garg Prerak , Narayanan Desika , Sanders Ryan L. , Davé Romeel , Popping Gergö , Shapley Alice E. , Stark Daniel P. , Trump Jonathan R.
Published: August 2024

The ratios of strong rest-frame optical emission lines are the dominant indicators of metallicities in high-redshift galaxies. Since typical strong-line-based metallicity indicators are calibrated on auroral lines at z = 0, their applicability for galaxies in the distant Universe is unclear. In this paper, we make use of mock emission-line data from cosmological simulations to investigate the calibration of rest-frame optical emission lines as metallicity indicators at high redshift. Our model, which couples the simba cosmological galaxy formation simulation with cloudy photoionization calculations, includes contributions from H ii regions, post-asymptotic-giant-branch stars, and diffuse ionized gas (DIG). We find mild redshift evolution in the 12 indicators that we study, which implies that the dominant physical properties that evolve in our simulations do have a discernible impact on the metallicity calibrations at high redshifts. When comparing our calibrations with high-redshift auroral line observations from the James Webb Space Telescope, we find a slight offset between our model results and the observations and find that a higher ionization parameter at high redshifts can be one of the possible explanations. We explore the physics that drives the shapes of strong-line metallicity relationships and propose calibrations for hitherto unexplored low-metallicity regimes. Finally, we study the contribution of DIG to total line fluxes. We find that the contribution of DIG increases with metallicity at z ∼ 0 for singly ionized oxygen and sulfur lines and can be as high as 70%, making it crucial to include their contribution when modeling nebular emission.
The Three-phase Evolution of the Milky Way
Authors: Chandra Vedant , Semenov Vadim A. , Rix Hans-Walter , Conroy Charlie , Bonaca Ana , Naidu Rohan P. , Andrae René , Li 李 Jiadong 佳东 , Hernquist Lars
Published: August 2024

We illustrate the formation and evolution of the Milky Way over cosmic time, utilizing a sample of 10 million red giant stars with full chemodynamical information, including metallicities and α-abundances from low-resolution Gaia XP spectra. The evolution of angular momentum as a function of metallicity—a rough proxy for stellar age, particularly for high-[α/Fe] stars—displays three distinct phases: the disordered and chaotic protogalaxy, the kinematically hot old disk, and the kinematically cold young disk. The old high-α disk starts at [Fe/H] ≈ −1.0, “spinning up” from the nascent protogalaxy, and then exhibiting a smooth “cooldown” toward more ordered and circular orbits at higher metallicities. The young low-α disk is kinematically cold throughout its metallicity range, with its observed properties modulated by a strong radial gradient. We interpret these trends using Milky Way analogs from the TNG50 cosmological simulation, identifying one that closely matches the kinematic evolution of our galaxy. This halo’s protogalaxy spins up into a relatively thin and misaligned high-α disk at early times, which is subsequently heated and torqued by a major gas-rich merger. The merger contributes a large amount of low-metallicity gas and angular momentum, from which the kinematically cold low-α stellar disk is subsequently born. This simulated history parallels several observed features of the Milky Way, particularly the decisive Gaia–Sausage–Enceladus merger that likely occurred at z ≈ 2. Our results provide an all-sky perspective on the emerging picture of our galaxy’s three-phase formation, impelled by the three physical mechanisms of spinup, merger, and cooldown.
Ongoing and Fossil Large-scale Outflows Detected in a High-redshift Radio Galaxy: [C ii] Observations of TN J0924-2201 at z = 5.174
Authors: Lee Kianhong , Akiyama Masayuki , Kohno Kotaro , Iono Daisuke , Imanishi Masatoshi , Hatsukade Bunyo , Umehata Hideki , Nagao Tohru , Toba Yoshiki , Chen Xiaoyang , Egusa Fumi , Ichikawa Kohei , Izumi Takuma , Matsumoto Naoki , Schramm Malte , Matsuoka Kenta
Published: August 2024

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the [C ii] 158 μm line and the underlying continuum emission of TN J0924−2201, which is one of the most distant known radio galaxies at z > 5. The [C ii] line and 1 mm continuum emission are detected at the host galaxy. The systemic redshift derived from the [C ii] line is z
[C II] = 5.1736 ± 0.0002, indicating that the Lyα line is redshifted by a velocity of 1035 ± 10 km s−1, marking the largest velocity offset between the [C ii] and Lyα lines recorded at z > 5 to date. In the central region of the host galaxy, we identify a redshifted substructure of [C ii] with a velocity of 702 ± 17 km s−1, which is close to the C iv line with a velocity of 500 ± 10 km s−1. The position and the velocity offsets align with a model of an outflowing shell structure, consistent with the large velocity offset of Lyα. The nondetection of [C ii] and dust emission from the three CO(1–0)-detected companions indicates their different nature compared to dwarf galaxies, based on the photodissociation region model. Given their large velocity of ∼1500 km s−1, outflowing molecular clouds induced by the active galactic nucleus are the most plausible interpretation, and they may exceed the escape velocity of a 1013
M
⊙ halo. These results suggest that TN J0924−2201, with ongoing and fossil large-scale outflows, is in a distinctive phase of removing molecular gas from a central massive galaxy in an overdense region in the early Universe. A dusty H i absorber at the host galaxy is an alternative interpretation.
Should Zeros Count? Modeling the Galaxy–Globular Cluster Scaling Relation with(out) Zero-inflated Count Models
Authors: Berek Samantha C. , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Speagle 沈 Joshua S. 佳士 , Wang Shu Yan
Published: August 2024

The scaling relation between the size of a galaxy’s globular cluster (GC) population (N
GC) and the galaxy’s stellar mass (M
*) is usually described with a continuous, linear model, but in reality it is a count relationship that should be modeled as such. For massive galaxies, a negative binomial (NB) model has been shown to describe the data well, but it is unclear how the scaling relation behaves at low galaxy masses where a substantial portion of galaxies have N
GC = 0. In this work, we test the utility of Poisson and NB models for describing the low-mass end of the N
GC−M
* scaling relation. We introduce the use of zero-inflated versions of these models, which allow for larger zero populations (e.g., galaxies without GCs) than would otherwise be predicted. We evaluate our models with a variety of predictive model comparison methods, including predictive intervals, the leave-one-out cross-validation criterion, and posterior predictive comparisons. We find that the NB model is consistent with our data, but the naive Poisson is not. Moreover, we find that zero inflation of the models is not necessary to describe the population of low-mass galaxies that lack GCs, suggesting that a single formation and evolutionary process acts over all galaxy masses. Under the NB model, there does not appear to be anything unique about the lack of GCs in many low-mass galaxies; they are simply the low-mass extension of the larger N
GC−M
* scaling relation.
Modeling the Far-infrared Polarization Spectrum of a High-mass Star-forming Cloud
Authors: Lee Dennis , Chen Che-Yu , Novak Giles , Chuss David T. , Cox Erin G. , Karpovich Kaitlyn , Ashton Peter , Berthoud Marc , Li Zhi-Yun , Michail Joseph M.
Published: August 2024

The polarization spectrum, or wavelength dependence of the polarization fraction, of interstellar dust emission provides important insights into the grain alignment mechanism of interstellar dust grains. We investigate the far-infrared polarization spectrum of a realistic simulated high-mass star-forming cloud under various models of grain alignment and emission. We find that neither a homogeneous grain alignment model nor a grain alignment model that includes collisional dealignment is able to produce the falling spectrum seen in observations. On the other hand, we find that a grain alignment model with grain alignment efficiency dependent on local temperature is capable of producing a falling spectrum that is in qualitative agreement with observations of OMC-1. For the model most in agreement with OMC-1, we find no correlation between the temperature and the slope of the polarization spectrum. However, we do find a positive correlation between the column density and the slope of the polarization spectrum. We suggest this latter correlation to be the result of wavelength-dependent polarization by absorption.
A Multiwavelength, Multiepoch Monitoring Campaign of Accretion Variability in T Tauri Stars from the ODYSSEUS Survey. III. Optical Spectra*
Authors: Wendeborn John , Espaillat Catherine C. , Thanathibodee Thanawuth , Robinson Connor E. , Pittman Caeley V. , Calvet Nuria , Muzerolle James , Walter Fredrick M. , Eislöffel Jochen , Fiorellino Eleonora , Manara Carlo F. , Kóspál Ágnes , Ábrahám Péter , Claes Rik , Rigliaco Elisabetta , Venuti Laura , Campbell-White Justyn , McGinnis Pauline , Gangi Manuele , Mauco Karina , Gameiro Filipe , Frasca Antonio , Guo Zhen
Published: August 2024

Classical T Tauri Stars (CTTSs) are highly variable stars that possess gas- and dust-rich disks from which planets form. Much of their variability is driven by mass accretion from the surrounding disk, a process that is still not entirely understood. A multiepoch optical spectral monitoring campaign of four CTTSs (TW Hya, RU Lup, BP Tau, and GM Aur) was conducted along with contemporaneous Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV spectra and ground-based photometry in an effort to determine accretion characteristics and gauge variability in this sample. Using an accretion flow model, we find that the magnetospheric truncation radius varies between 2.5 and 5 R
⋆ across all of our observations. There is also significant variability in all emission lines studied, particularly Hα, Hβ, and Hγ. Using previously established relationships between line luminosity and accretion, we find that, on average, most lines reproduce accretion rates consistent with accretion shock modeling of HST spectra to within 0.5 dex. Looking at individual contemporaneous observations, however, these relationships are less accurate, suggesting that variability trends differ from the trends of the population and that these empirical relationships should be used with caution in studies of variability.
Accretion Properties of Soft X-Ray Transient XTE J1856+053 during Its 2023 Outburst
Authors: Chatterjee Debjit , Jana Arghajit , Chang Hsiang-Kuang
Published: August 2024

Soft X-ray transients (SXTs) are a subclass of the low-mass X-ray binaries that occasionally show a sudden rise in their soft X-ray luminosity; otherwise, they remain in an extremely faint state. We investigate the accretion properties of the SXT XTE J1856+053 during its 2023 outburst obtained by NICER and NuSTAR data in July. We present detailed results on the timing and spectral analysis of the X-ray emission during the outburst. The power spectral density shows no quasi-periodic oscillation features. The source’s spectrum on July 19 can be well fitted with a multicolor blackbody component, a power-law component, and a reflection component with a broadened iron emission line. NICER spectra can be well fitted by considering a combination of a blackbody and a power law. The source exhibits a transition within just 5 days from a soft state to an intermediate state during the outburst decline phase. The inner accretion disk has a low inclination angle (∼18°). The spectral analysis also suggests a high-spin (a > 0.9) black hole as the central accreting object.
Low impact of Carpobrotus edulis on soil microbiome after manual removal from a climate change field experiment
Authors: Gómez-Rodríguez Carola , Retuerto Rubén , Campoy Josefina G. , Rodríguez-Echeverría Susana
Published: August 2024

Synergic effects between climate change and invasive species may alter soil microbial diversity and functioning, as well as cause major shifts in physicochemical properties. Moreover, some of these ecological impacts may manifest even after the removal of the invasive species. We have conducted a field experiment to assess such effects on soil microbial communities (fungi and bacteria) and physicochemical properties seven months after the removal of Carpobrotus edulis (L.), an invasive plant of coastal dune ecosystems. C. edulis grew on the experimental plots for 14 months under current (“invasive species treatment”) and increased warming and drought conditions (“combined treatment”). Then, all plant parts (above and belowground biomass) were removed with a non-aggressive eradication method and soil samples were collected seven months later in the experimental and control plots (no invasive species and current climatic conditions). We predicted a general compositional shift in microbial communities in response to the presence of the invasive species. Moreover, given that water is the most limiting factor in this type of ecosystem, we also predicted a more pronounced compositional shift in the treatment combining invader presence and climate change. While species richness was similar amongst treatments, we observed some taxonomic and functional variation in soil microbial communities. Notably, fungal and bacterial communities exhibited contrasting responses. The species composition of bacteria differed significantly between the “invasive species” and “control” treatments, while, in the case of fungi, the most substantial difference occurred between the “invasive species” treatment and the combined treatment of “invasive species and climate change”. Some chemical properties, such as carbon and nitrogen content or pH, strongly differed amongst treatments, with the “invasive species” showing a different response compared to the other two treatments. Overall, our study suggests smaller short-term effects on the microbial community compared to soil chemical properties. Furthermore and contrary to our initial expectations, the potential impact on the soil microbiome seemed to be weaker in the face of rising temperatures and drought conditions predicted by climate change. This outcome highlights the remarkable complexity of the impact of invasive species and climate change on belowground microbial communities.
Description of a new freshwater mussel species of Pletholophus, Simpson, 1900 (Bivalvia, Unionidae) from Guangdong, China
Authors: Dai Yu-Ting , Chen Zhong-Guang , Hu Cheng-Lin , Ouyang Shan , Huang Xiao-Chen , Wu Xiao-Ping
Published: August 2024

The Pearl River Basin, China’s second-largest freshwater basin, hosts a significant diversity of species and a highly endemic freshwater mussel fauna. In this study, a new species from the Liuxi River in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Pletholophus guangzhouensissp. nov., is described based on morphological diagnostic features and molecular phylogenetics. The glochidia shells of the new species are subtriangular, medium-sized, and have a styliform hook on the ventral angle of each valve. Phylogenetic analyses based on the COI and 28S rRNA gene fragments indicated that Pletholophus guangzhouensissp. nov. is the sister to Pletholophus tenuis + Pletholophus reinianus. The pairwise uncorrected COI p-distance analysis demonstrated genetic distances ranging from 5.27% (between P. guangzhouensissp. nov. and P. tenuis) to 11.06% (between P. guangzhouensissp. nov. and P. honglinhensis). Our findings suggest a significant underestimation of the diversity of freshwater mussel species in Guangdong. Further field collections and systematic studies are necessary to fully explore the biodiversity of this region. Furthermore, integrative classification methods and genetic research are essential for informing the development of effective conservation strategies.
Call to Action: Leveraging American Nurses Credentialing Center Nursing Continuing Professional Development Credit for Prior Learning—Part 2
Authors: Graebe Jennifer , McIntyre-Hite Lisa
Published: August 2024

In “The Future of Workforce Development in Professional Nursing Practice,” Graebe et al. (
2022
) propose addressing nursing workforce shortages through Recognition of Prior Learning and related frameworks. They argue for a new health care learning model that leverages stackable certificates and accredited professional development to award academic credit, bridging the gap between current qualifications and advanced education. This approach could enhance enrollment and retention in advanced nursing programs, addressing shortages in specialty areas such as academia and leadership. By recognizing experiential learning, these methods create accessible, sustainable career pathways, fostering a more diverse and adaptable nursing workforce.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(9):416–420.]
Preventing Prescribing Cascades: Ensuring Medication Safety for Older Adults
Authors: Wahler Robert G. , Olbrich Courtney L. , McCarthy Lisa M.
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

To define prescribing cascades (PCs) and provide tools to identify PCs, including the most common PCs described in the literature. PCs lead to the accumulation of medications prescribed to older adults, disproportionately affecting those who often have additional health care complexities, such as multiple chronic conditions and multiple transitions of care.

Method:

Review of recent research efforts to identify and describe evolving clinical practice interventions to detect and reverse PCs.

Results:

Clinicians can contribute to mitigating PCs through better understanding of how PCs occur in practice. Armed with this knowledge, clinical team members can implement proposed strategies and techniques to engage in primary and secondary prevention of PCs.

Conclusion:

Ultimately, PCs are a culprit of preventable medication harm. Several tools are presented, which are initiated through maintaining a high index of suspicion for PCs in the evaluation of a new symptom presentation by older patients. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(9), 7–11.]
Recruitment Strategies for a Technology-Based Fall Risk Assessment Research Study Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults During a Global Pandemic
Authors: Ojo Eunice Oladepe , Thiamwong Ladda
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

To describe successful strategies for the recruitment of diverse community-dwelling older adults for a technology-based fall risk assessment research study during the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Method:

In this cross-sectional study, 124 adults aged ≥60 years agreed to participate. We used several recruitment strategies, including social media platforms, local community centers, flyers, contacting key persons, word of mouth, and contacting participants from previous research projects.

Results:

Targeted and personalized strategies for recruitment, including contacting a key community leader (52.4%,
n
= 65) and communication with friends and family members (46.7%,
n
= 58), were the most successful. One (0.8%) participant was recruited from a prior research project. In contrast, individuals were not recruited from posted flyers and social media.

Conclusion:

Recruitment can be improved with word of mouth and contacting key persons, such as community leaders, which can be achieved by building a trusted relationship between researchers and community leaders. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(9), 18–23.]
A class of discontinuous systems exhibit perturbed period doubling bifurcation
Authors: Hosham Hany A. , Alzulaibani Alaa A. , Sellami Tarek , Sioud Khaled , Alharthi Thoraya N.
Published: August 2024

This research considers discontinuous dynamical systems, which have related vector fields that shift over a discontinuity surface. These systems appear in a variety of applications, including ecology, medicine, neuroscience, and nonsmooth mechanics. The purpose of this paper is to develop a perturbation technique that measures the effect of a nonsmooth perturbation on the period doubling bifurcation of an unperturbed system. The unperturbed system is assumed to be close to a period doubling orbit, such that when the bifurcation parameter varies, the response changes from a period one to a period two limit cycle. The generalized determination of the Poincaré map associated with perturbed systems subjected to nonsmooth transitions is derived. The main techniques used in the proof of the results are normal forms and Melnikov functions, which are defined in two zones. Various examples are presented to show that non-smoothness is responsible for period doubling. To illustrate the interesting period doubling phenomenon that emerges from an existing flat periodic orbit via the non-smooth perturbation, a simple and novel discontinuous system is provided. An additional example is provided to show the emergence of a perturbed period doubling orbit near an unperturbed one.
Adaptive event-triggered reachable set control for Markov jump cyber-physical systems with time-varying delays
Authors: Jia Sheng-Ran , Lin Wen-Juan
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we proposed a reachable set control method for a class of Markov jump cyber-physical systems (MJCPSs) with time-varying delays, which addressed the challenges posed by false data injection (FDI) attacks to system security. The goal was to find the set of regions where all MJCPSs states were reachable from the origin in the presence of bounded disturbances. The adaptive event-triggered control strategy was introduced to save network resources. It also reduced the impact of FDI attacks and external disturbances on system security. The conservatism of the results were reduced by constructing the Lyapunov-Krasovskii (L-K) functional with time-varying delays. Difference terms were estimated by using the discrete Wirtinger inequality and the improved extended reciprocally convex matrix inequality, and the ellipsoid reachable set of the MJCPS was obtained. Then, the reachable set controller was obtained by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) solving technique. Finally, an example simulation proved the validity of the results.
High power sums of Fourier coefficients of holomorphic cusp forms and their applications
Authors: Hu Guangwei , Lao Huixue , Pan Huimin
Published: August 2024

Let $ \lambda_f(n) $ be the $ n $th normalized Fourier coefficient of a holomorphic cusp form $ f $ for the full modular group. In this paper, we established asymptotic formulae for high power sums of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms and further improved previous results. Moreover, as an application, we studied the signs of the sequences $ \{\lambda_f(n)\} $ and $ \{\lambda_f(n)\lambda_g(n)\} $ in short intervals, and presented some quantitative results for the number of sign changes for $ n\leq x $.
Convergence analysis of finite element approximations for a nonlinear second order hyperbolic optimal control problems
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Ding Meiling , Luo Xianbing , Xiang Shuwen
Published: August 2024

This paper focused on approximating a second-order nonlinear hyperbolic optimal control problem. By introducing a new variable, the hyperbolic equation was converted into two parabolic equations. A second-order fully discrete scheme was obtained by combining the Crank-Nicolson formula with the finite element method. The error estimation for this scheme was derived utilizing the second-order sufficient optimality condition and auxiliary problems. To validate the effectiveness of the fully discrete scheme, a numerical example was presented.
A Current Review on Buckwheat: Historical Aspects of its Utilization in China and Japan, and Its Contribution to Human Nutrition
Authors: Mochizuki Mika , Asami Yuya , Lin Rufa , Ikeda Sayoko , Ikeda Kiyokazu
Published: August 2024

This paper was undertaken to review two following points regarding buckwheat: firstly historical aspects of its utilization in China and Japan; and secondly, its contribution to human nutrition.
Who Said I Can't Lead
Authors: Jiles Ty , Lyons Megan N.
Published: August 2024

This chapter provides a personal account of the author's journey toward achieving a leadership role in higher education as a young black female. By sharing these experiences and insights, the authors hope to shed light on the importance of representation and why it is crucial for minorities and females in higher education. Throughout the chapter, the authors address four major concerns that make the path to leadership particularly challenging for women. These concerns encompass various aspects, such as societal biases, gender stereotypes, limited opportunities for advancement, and lack of support systems. By examining these challenges in detail, readers can better understand women's unique obstacles on their journey toward leadership positions. Furthermore, the chapter will provide strategies for retaining and supporting women in leadership roles within higher education settings. These strategies will focus on creating inclusive environments, providing mentorship opportunities, advocating for equal opportunities, and fostering a supportive network.
Crowned in Authenticity
Authors: Storman Ashley N.
Published: August 2024

Authentic leadership is the cornerstone of the leadership style adopted by Black women educators. Grounded in Patricia Hill Collins's Black feminist thought theory, this research explores the lived experiences of Black women leaders in education. Through a qualitative focus group of K-12 and higher education leaders, participants share their narratives. The researcher addresses key inquiries: What is the current leadership experience, how is it evolving, and what is the future of leadership for Black women? From the findings, the author developed a framework titled “Managing the Consciousness of Oppression” to help Black women proactively equip themselves with strategies to resist and challenge discriminatory practices in their professional journeys. It is crucial that stakeholders, including administrators, supervisors, and mentors, recognize and incorporate the indispensable leadership style of Black women leaders. Failing to do so may result in these women forging their own path toward equity, fairness, and inclusivity.
Work-Life Balance Practices' Contribution to Increasing Organizational Effectiveness in a Sustainable Workforce
Authors: Das Saumendra , Sahoo Swapnamayee , Panda Pramod Ranjan
Published: August 2024

The healthy interaction of paid work and unpaid responsibilities also known as work-life balance is essential for achievement in the modern business climate. Time management is a problem that has arisen in reaction to the economy, population, and social shifts. This study aims to determine if the job and personal lives programs and practices may be viewed as smart human resources choices that can lead to better results for both individuals and organizations. The outcome of a calculation of the results and advantages of establishing a working-life equilibrium is demonstrated by the investigations discussed in the present research. To establish a “sustainable workforce,” or ongoing employee efficiency, labour practices that encourage a healthy equilibrium between work and wellness in the office are essential. This chapter evaluates the idea of an equitable workforce tie to promote overall health and equilibrium between work and life.
Elevating Workplace Sustainability for Employees Lensing Mental Health Advancements
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Malviya Rishabha , Kaunert Christian
Published: August 2024

The workplace environment plays a pivotal role in shaping the mental well-being of employees. Elevated stress levels, burnout, and other mental health challenges have become prevalent, underscoring the need for a holistic and sustainable approach. Workplace sustainability practices, ranging from flexible work arrangements to comprehensive mental health support programs, create an environment that nurtures the mental health of employees. There are multifarious strategies for elevating workplace sustainability such as flexible work arrangements, mental health support programs, inclusive and supportive culture, professional development opportunities, etc., which provide opportunities for skill development and career advancement contributing to a sense of purpose and accomplishment, positively influencing mental health. This chapter comprehensively explores the healthcare landscapes which continues to evolve which prioritizing mental health through workplace sustainability emerges as a runway towards a healthier and more resilient future.
Leveraging Social Capital to Enhance Equity and Inclusion in Exceptional Student Education in the United States
Authors: Tyson Jia
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the vital role of social capital in enhancing equity and inclusion in exceptional student education (ESE) in the United States. It examines how parental involvement, community engagement, teacher collaboration, and assistive technologies contribute to better educational outcomes for students with disabilities. The study employs a secondary data analysis approach, synthesizing case studies and thematic analysis to identify patterns and best practices. Findings highlight the importance of strong social networks and equitable resource allocation in creating inclusive educational environments. The chapter concludes with recommendations for policymakers, educators, and practitioners to leverage social capital effectively, ensuring that all students receive the support they need to succeed. This work underscores the transformative potential of social capital in fostering resilient and cohesive educational communities, ultimately contributing to improved educational experiences and outcomes for students with disabilities.
Advances and Strategies in Addressing Plant Health Challenges
Authors: Kuppam Sameera , Venkatesan R. , Balaji Vuppala
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the complex issues that contemporary agriculture and natural ecosystems face when it comes to plant health. It starts by going over the several biotic variables that endanger plant productivity and vigor, like pests, invasive species, and diseases. The dynamic aspect of these threats is emphasized, which is made worse by climate change and global trade, which promote the spread and evolution of dangerous species. The chapter also looks at abiotic stresses, such as pollution, soil deterioration, and drought, emphasizing how these factors interact to reduce plant resilience. Sustainable agriculture methods and integrated pest management (IPM) techniques are highlighted as essential solutions to these problems. The chapter also emphasizes the value of sophisticated biotechnology instruments, early detection methods, and the protection of plant health through legislation and education.
Advancements and Challenges in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Dey Pubali , Bhattacharjee Mayurshikha , Ghosh Malaya , Giri Sarbani
Published: August 2024

The immune system plays a major role leading to extraordinary immunotherapeutic interventions. Immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a revolutionary development in cancer therapeutics. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has come out as a promising avenue, involving the infusion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) or genetically engineered T cells showing innovative T cell receptors (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). These interventions encourage to utilize the capacity of the immune system to target tumor cells successfully. Supportive outcomes have been recorded across various tumor types, resulting in the advancement of global clinical trials to refine and improvise ACT protocols. Significantly favorable results have been seen in hematological malignancies as well as impressive development in the case of ACT against solid tumors have become an important milestone for the researchers. This chapter discusses the different types and advancements in ACT, describes associated toxicities, and predicts its future potential in cancer therapeutics
Exploring Cancer Immunotherapy and the Promise of Cancer Vaccine
Authors: Ranawat Pavitra , Sharma Bhupinder , Singh Parvinder , Kaur Tanzeer
Published: August 2024

The goal of immunotherapy is to enhance the immune system by managing the immunological-mediated microenvironment, which makes it possible for immune cells to locate and destroy tumour cells at vital nodes. In the tumor microenvironment, immune responses against tumour cells are reduced when these cells take up immune-regulatory mechanisms. An environment that suppresses the immune system is facilitated by immune cells, including regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, dendritic cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In a number of cancer types, adoptive immune cells and immune checkpoint modulators have shown impressive anticancer benefits. Tumour growth is facilitated in large part by immune cells found in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Tumour growth may be stimulated or inhibited by these cells. The ability of the immune system to elude detection by cancer cells offers new possibilities for innovative cancer treatment strategies.
Revolutionizing Waste Management With Advancements in Sorting and Processing Technologies
Authors: Rathoure Ashok K.
Published: August 2024

This review examines the latest advancements in waste management technologies, particularly focusing on sorting and processing innovations poised to revolutionize current practices. Automated sorting technologies such as optical sorting, NIR sorting, and robotics combined with AI are discussed for their efficiency in separating recyclable materials from mixed waste streams. Advanced processing techniques like pyrolysis, gasification, MBT, and chemical recycling are explored for their potential to convert waste into valuable resources while minimizing environmental impact. Challenges including cost, contamination, and regulatory frameworks are also highlighted. Despite obstacles, these technologies offer promising solutions to enhance recycling rates, reduce landfill disposal, and promote sustainable waste management practices globally, calling for continued research and collaboration to address implementation barriers and maximize their benefits.
Recent Developments in Municipal Solid Waste Management in India
Authors: Singh Rupanjali , Majumder C. B. , Vidyarthi Ajit Kumar
Published: August 2024

In today's era, solid waste management has become a global issue for advancing a sustainable society. Urbanization, industrial expansion, and fast adoption of fashion-oriented lifestyle choices have all contributed to the substantial increase in waste generation and, consequently, the rise in various types of problems associated with municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in India. This chapter highlights the present scenario of municipal solid waste management, addressing the associated challenges and best practices adopted by municipalities and urban local bodies for effective waste management in the Indian context. The unawareness and attitude of citizens toward waste disposal, the unorganized nature of the informal waste sector, financial constraints, and ineffective implementation of laws and policies are the major challenges most states and cities face. It also emphasizes the urgent need for strategic implementation of integrated solid waste management regulation and replicating existing models for best practices with effective transfer of knowledge and technology
Influence of Neuroticism and Locus of Control on Anxiety Among Students in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Gangadharan Sreeja , Sathiyaseelan Anuradha , Dharam Harshita Kumaran , Verma Dalya , Damodaran Deepa K.
Published: August 2024

Anxiety is a negative state of mind resulting from conflicts and frustration experienced within ourselves. Anxiety often leads to undesired consequences like stress, confusion, fear, insecurity, distress, and panic. The most common causes of anxiety are perceived lack of control over one's life and fear of being wrong. Anxiety related to academics and career are major concern experienced by students especially in higher education institutions. Since they are exposed to many novel situations, there is a higher risk among them interpreting these situations as threatening. The present study aims to understand how neuroticism and locus of control together predict anxiety among students. A cross-sectional design is used in the study and data on anxiety, locus of control and neuroticism among adolescents and young adults were collected. It was found that neuroticism and LoC significantly predicts anxiety suggesting the need for early interventions and a positive and inclusive environment to modify the dysfunctional thought processes associated with neuroticism and external locus of control.
Coping Mechanisms for Stress Among Students in Universities
Authors: Ochanda Damaris Auma
Published: August 2024

Students experience more psychological problems including stress compared to individuals of the same age and to any other population. Stress among students is related to different factors including transition to university and high academic expectations. The increasing stress has witnessed many students struggling to adjust and cope. For those not able to cope studies have shown linkage to poor mental health, suicidal tendencies and high drop out from the university. Through coping, one engages in intentional efforts to minimize the physical, psychological, or social harm of stress. Coping includes adaptive coping strategies such as problem-focused, emotion focused, meaning focused and social focused coping. Some students adapt maladaptive coping mechanisms. Understanding different coping mechanisms employed by university students will inform university administrators and stakeholders on how to design and implement programmes aimed at improving student's psychological health and minimize the negative effects of stress.
A Systematic Literature Review for Identifying the Factors Causing Prevalences of Suicide Among Youths in India
Authors: Baluni Priya , Bhutani Rishima , Singh Ravindra , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: August 2024

The prevalence of suicide rate is relatively higher among the youths in India as compared to other countries. However, limited studies could examine the prevalence of suicide rate and its leading factors among the youths in India. This chapter, therefore, explains the suicide rate of youths and its causing factors in India using a systematic literature review of previous studies. The statistical results showed that suicide has contributed to 12% of total deaths in the total population of India. It is also noticed that suicide cases have increased two times more among the male population in India in last five years. More comprehensive and inclusive data would be helpful for analyses and the development of suicide prevention measures in India. This chapter provides a significant scope for further research in the area of the suicide rate of youth and its causing factors in India.
Impact of Social Media on Student Wellbeing in Kenyan Universities
Authors: Onderi Peter Omae , Oginda Moses
Published: August 2024

Students who spend much of their time on social media are likely to struggle with time management and become less productive in their studies due to distractions by constant alerts, endless scrolling feeds, and the appeal of viral material. The chapter proposed to discuss, social networking sites, academic performance, social opportunities, and challenges. The findings were that social media helps university students get necessary information for their academic achievement, it creates stress, and it exposes them to cyberbullying, is addictive, causes sleep disorders and anxiety, and can help them make money online. The study recommended that the social media use at university should be restricted to academic use only and here should be provide adequate Wi-Fi hotspots within the universities.