bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambling on the Protestants: The Pathfinder Fund and Birth Control in Peru, 1958–1965
Authors: López Raúl Necochea
Published: June 2014

Among the agencies involved in population control activities in the mid-twentieth century, none scored as many early victories in Latin America as did the Pathfinder Fund, founded by Procter & Gamble scion Clarence Gamble. This article analyzes a style in the delivery of family planning assistance in the developing world through the work of the Pathfinder Fund in Peru, the organization’s hub in South America, and shows how Pathfinder personnel collaborated with local Protestant institutions. Its Protestant allies helped Pathfinder set up and manage rapid interventions such as the production of pamphlets, the smuggling of contraceptives, and the enrollment of physicians as advocates of the use of intrauterine devices. Although these rapid interventions helped quickly disseminate information and certain technologies among a fortunate few, they also weakened legitimate state agencies, neglected the monitoring of the safety of the drugs supplied, and alienated allies with their high-handed boldness.
La diversité ethnique croissante des quartiers de classe moyenne dans la métropole montréalaise : des jeunes familles perplexes
Authors: Jean Sandrine , Germain Annick
Published: June 2014

The impact of the growing ethnic diversity of Canada’s largest cities has been widely discussed. However, middle-class neighborhoods in recent ethnocultural transition have not been explored, especially the representations of these changes by their inhabitants. In this paper, we study attitudes of young families, immigrant and non-immigrant, towards ethnic transformations. When raising their children, young family households seem particularly concerned with their living environment and the representation of the changes occurring within their neighbourhood. Our study builds on fifty interviews conducted with families attending public places (parks and public libraries) in two neighbourhoods in the Montreal metropolitan area—one in the suburb, the other in the inner city. While increasing ethnic diversity does not seem to have a direct impact on their residential choices, our results show the more perplexing relation of young families towards changes within their environment, as these extend well beyond differentiated urban experiences between suburbs and the inner city. Schools, libraries, cultural and leisure activities organized in parks also appear as important places in the meeting of young families with the Unexpected Other.
What Does Race Have to Do With It? Challenging the Preservice Admissions Process
Authors: Hopson Robin Liu
Published: June 2014

Bien que le Canada ait établi une politique fédérale sur l’équité de l’emploi, ces initiatives dépassent la force de travail dans le domaine des admissions universitaires où les candidats sont souvent confrontés à la possibilité d’être identifiés comme des «minorités visibles». Il existe, cependant, beaucoup d’ambiguïté autour de la façon dont les données recensées sont utilisées et les raisons même qui fondent la recherche de la diversité. Dans le domaine de l’éducation, les discours dominants attestent que les enseignants devraient refléter l’accroissement de la population estudiantine diversifiée, mais comment cela affecterait la façon dont les personnes racialement étiquetées aborderaient le processus d’admission? Comment les éducateurs racialement étiquetés appréhendent-ils le rôle de la race et de l’équité dans le processus des services préadmissions? L’usage d’un cadre théorique antiraciste, des entretiens individuels approfondis avec 21 enseignants racialement étiquetés révèlent la complexité des initiatives d’équité ignorant comment l’information démographique des candidats est utilisée, de nombreux participants expriment un sentiment de frustration, d’insécurité et de confusion. Le manque de transparence et les politiques d’informations destinées à des objectifs d’équité ont plutôt conduit à la dissémination des malentendus au sujet de l’importance de ces initiatives dans la promotion de l’accès à la diversité des individus. La perspective interne des enseignants racialement étiquetés contribue à la compréhension plus approfondie de la façon dont les politiques d’équité sont interprétées et démontre les effets néfastes qu’elles peuvent avoir sur les personnes qu’elles supposent soutenir.
“Yo no soy racista, yo defiendo mi patria”: Síntomas y efectos nacionalistas en República Dominicana
Authors: Pérez Amín
Published: June 2014

Le Tribunal Constitutionnel de la République Dominicaine a récemment émis une loi qui a suspendue de la nationalité à plusieurs générations de dominicains dont leurs parents étaient en statut de « transit » (fondamentalement des Haïtiens). En défense de cette mesure, divers secteurs ont réactualisé le nationalisme latent sur la scène publique. C’est ainsi que la crise économique, l’insécurité publique et « nôtres traditions, culture et identité dominicaine » se sont retrouvées comme le résultat d’une présence jugée massive et dangereuse d’immigrants haïtiens. Sauf que la dichotomie historique entre « Eux et Nous » s’est réactualisée dans des circonstances où les condamnés sont des dominicains, perçus comme des haïtiens. Cette note de recherche se propose de problématiser la signification et quelques mécanismes et répercussions intimes de ce fait public.
Accuracy of Self-Reported College GPA: Gender-Moderated Differences by Achievement Level and Academic Self-Efficacy
Authors: Caskie Grace I. L. , Sutton MaryAnn C. , Eckhardt Amanda G.
Published: June 2014

Assessments of college academic achievement tend to rely on self-reported GPA values, yet evidence is limited regarding the accuracy of those values. With a sample of 194 undergraduate college students, the present study examined whether accuracy of self-reported GPA differed based on level of academic performance or level of academic self-efficacy and whether those differences were moderated by gender and year in college. Significant gender differences were found only within the lower academic performance group and the lower academic self-efficacy group, with females on average overreporting their actual college GPA and males on average underreporting their actual college GPA. Thus, research on college achievement that is conducted with students in lower achieving groups or with lower academic self-efficacy may benefit from the use of university-record GPA data as opposed to self-report data and may need to consider gender differences carefully to guard against potential bias in self-reported values for these groups.
Attitudes about Help-Seeking Mediate the Relation Between Parent Attachment and Academic Adjustment in First-Year College Students
Authors: Holt Laura J.
Published: June 2014

Although numerous studies have documented an association between parent attachment and college student adjustment, less is known about the mechanisms that underlie this relation. Accordingly, this short-term longitudinal study examined first-year college students’ attitudes about academic help-seeking as one possible mechanism. As predicted, help-seeking attitudes mediated the relation between parent attachment and academic adjustment, even after controlling for gender and initial academic adjustment, with females holding more favorable attitudes about academic help-seeking. College personnel might explicitly encourage academic help-seeking in first-year students to maximize academic success and mitigate the effects of insecure attachment and gender-specific socialization.
Black Female Voices: Self-Presentation Strategies in Doctoral Programs at Predominately White Institutions
Authors: Shavers Marjorie C. , Moore James L.
Published: June 2014

Drawing on a larger study, this qualitative investigation uses Black feminist thought as the interpretive lens to investigate perceptions and experiences of African American female doctoral students at predominately White institutions (PWIs). Semistructured interviews were used to gain an understanding of their experiences and how these experiences influence academic persistence and overall well-being. A total of 15 participants were interviewed, and responses were analyzed for emerging themes. From the interview data, 5 themes emerged: (a) academic mask, (b) private self, (c) other selves, (d) protection of self, and (e) disadvantages of the academic mask. A summary of the findings and implications is presented.
An Exploration of Policies Governing Faculty-to-Student Consensual Sexual Relationships on University Campuses: Current Strategies and Future Directions
Authors: Richards Tara N. , Crittenden Courtney , Garland Tammy S. , McGuffee Karen
Published: June 2014

Consensual sexual relationships between students and faculty have traditionally been viewed as private matters and have been ignored by university administrators except in cases that resulted in sexual harassment claims. Due to increasing sexual harassment litigation and the liabilities associated with such relationships, universities have developed policies to limit relationships between faculty and students and to acknowledge the power differential inherent in such relationships. These policies, however, differ between universities, causing confusion among the university community as to what is considered acceptable and ethical behavior. Using a sample of 55 universities, this analysis attempted to determine (a) the level of acceptability of such relationships, (b) the language or absence thereof addressing power differentials, (c) liability issues associated with these relationships, (d) reporting requirements, and (e) whether clearly outlined sanctions exist when/if such relationships occur. Future directions for research and policy are also discussed.
The Polygamists Come Out
Authors: Schwartz Madeleine
Published: June 2014

The first thing we see in Sister Wives, a reality television show about a polygamous family, is the Brown family house. It is a “typical polygamous home,” we’re told by a polygamous architect. The U-Shaped structure sits on a patch of lawn in Lehi, Utah, the mountain town where the Browns, members of the Apostolic United Brethren (a fundamentalist Mormon church), live. From the outside, it appears boxy and drab, like a cheap attempt at a McMansion. It is not much to look at.
Putin’s Cold New World
Authors: Sierakowski Sławomir
Published: June 2014

Is Russia somehow different from other powerful nations? For Westerners, it has generally been an unpredictable country, and therefore an interesting one for travelers and scholars. Books by intellectuals who have traveled there and promised to explain its peculiarities are a well-established tradition. Such texts have been written by, among others, Denis Diderot, Madame de Staël, Adolphe de Custine, John Reed, Anatole France, André Gide, George Bernard Shaw, H.G. Wells, Bertrand Russell, and Jean-Paul Sartre.
Think Globally, Innovate Locally
Authors: Hanauer Amy
Published: June 2014

Denial and indifference are two of the main congressional responses to the inequality, economic stagnation, and climate change that threaten America. But progressives can take heart in the creative, often inspiring initiatives flourishing in patches across the country. States and cities are increasingly stepping into the void left by congresisonal obstruction--proposing higher minimum wages, better labor standards, and projects that create jobs and improve communities. “The federal government should have a much more visionary strategy for meeting our current eocnomic challenge,” said Kathleen Mulligan-Hansel, deputy director of the Partnership for Working Families (PWF), which pioneers local strategies. “But it turns out, actually, that cities have a lot of power.”
Criminals and Culture Makers
Authors: Neal L.E.
Published: June 2014

Detroit’s story of bankruptcy and rust is a quintessential Great Recession tragedy, but it is not the first major American city to grapple with bankruptcy amid structural economic change, class tensions, and pervasive urban desolation. At the dawn of the Reagan Revolution, the country’s biggest city was also instructed by the federal government to fix its own financial problems.
A New Agenda for American Families and the Economy
Authors: Boushey Heather
Published: June 2014

Political leaders used to believe that economic security for workers and their families was good for the economy. Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal put the family at the core of its political and economic platform, connecting the day-to-day reality of families to the well-being of the American economy.It wasn’t just political rhetoric; this platform was actually good for the economy. Policies implemented in the early part of the twentieth century as part of the Progressive Era and New Deal laid the foundation for strong economic growth through the 1970s.
Show Us Your Country: Macedonia’s Capital Transformed
Authors: Holleran Max
Published: June 2014

Until recently, the city of Skopje in the former Yugoslavia was known, among those interested in urban development, largely for a single event: the 1963 earthquake that all but leveled the city. But today, under a nationalist government seeking to assert the country’s ancient history with Donald Trump–like bravado, the capital of Macedonia has come back on the architectural radar.
Reforming the Banks for Good
Authors: Taub Jennifer
Published: June 2014

Despite pronouncements and promises of sweeping reform, many of the conditions that caused the financial crisis of 2008 persist six years after the multi-trillion-dollar bank bailouts began. While several steps have been taken to curb reckless practices, the U.S. financial system is still not safe enough.
1% Museum: The Guggenheim Goes Global
Authors: Wyma Chloe
Published: June 2014

One evening this March, a bell rang out in the Guggenheim museum. A deluge of what looked like thousands of dollar bills rained down from the museum’s ramps onto the heads of puzzled museumgoers below. In an agitprop-style intervention reminiscent of Yippie activist Abbie Hoffman’s 1967 stunt on the trading floor of the New York Stock Exchange, members of the activist art group Global Ultra Luxury Faction, or G.U.L.F., dropped the fake bills in protest against degrading labor conditions in distant Abu Dhabi, where the Guggenheim is building a new satellite museum.
Radical Linguistics in an Age of Extinction
Authors: Perlin Ross
Published: June 2014

Modern linguistics is founded on a radical premise: the equality of all languages. “All languages have equal expressive power as communication systems,” writes Steven Pinker. “Every grammar is equally complex and logical and capable of producing an infinite set of sentences to express any thought one might wish to express,” says a recent textbook. “The outstanding fact about any language is its formal completeness,” wrote Edward Sapir, adding elsewhere for rhetorical effect: “When it comes to linguistic form, Plato walks with the Macedonian swineherd, Confucius with the head-hunting savage of Assam.”
South Korean Cinema’s Postwar Pain: Gender and National Division in Korean War Films from the 1950s to the 2000s
Authors: Martin Daniel
Published: June 2014

For South Korean filmmakers and cinemagoers, the Korean War (1950–53)—and the broader issue of the North/South divide—has been one of the most enduring and appealing subjects. Contemporary films on this topic articulate the tragic dimensions of the national division and suggest that war itself is the true enemy, emphasizing that the conflict still has a meaningful impact on people’s lives. Bombastic blockbusters such as Taegukgi: The Brotherhood of War (T’aekǔkki hwinallimyŏ, 2004) serve as a “prosthetic memory” of the event for younger audiences, while more contemplative and artistic films like Welcome to Dongmakgol (Welk’ŏm t’u Tongmakkol, 2005) present a starkly anti-American ideology, blaming US intervention for shattering any chance at true peace between a divided Korea. Yet, while films about the Korean War have proliferated for sixty years, filmmakers seem even more haunted by the post-Armistice atmosphere of military tension. Both during and after the period when the South Korean government enforced strict censorship and was stridently anticommunist, filmmakers have frequently turned to the figure of the female North Korean spy to represent both the danger and the tragedy of division. This article, therefore, traces the historical development and ideological subtext of Korean War films, and, to a greater extent, the postwar espionage thrillers, focusing, in particular, on the role of gender and filmmaking at two important moments: the immediate postwar period and the revival of South Korean cinema at the turn of the century.
Democratic Transition and Intraparty Politics: The Distribution of Key Party Positions in Democratizing South Korea
Authors: Choi Joon Nak , Kang Myung-koo , Shin Gi-Wook
Published: June 2014

This article examines the changing pattern of key party position assignments in three leader-centric political parties during the democratization of South Korea. We examine the interplay of three key variables: (1) party members’ relationship to the party leader, (2) leaders’ relationships to the party’s core faction, and (3) political seniority, as factors that determine who receives key party positions. More specifically, we focus on the way seniority interacts with factionalism and patrimonialism to affect the assignment of key positions. Our analysis highlights the substantial variation between our focal parties depending on the configuration of these three variables. In contrast with a conventional view that has focused on uniformity in South Korean intraparty politics, we find that a seniority-based institution has emerged for the assignment of key party positions. Our study contributes to an understanding of the interplay of personalistic behaviors and informal rules in intraparty politics and how this interplay contributes to the institutionalization of informal but important institutions governing intraparty politics during democratic consolidation.
Testimony to the Power of Grace. On the Indissolubility of Marriage and the Debate Concerning the Civilly Remarried and the Sacraments
Authors: Müller Gerhard Ludwig
Published: June 2014

The problem concerning members of the faithful who have entered into a new civil union after a divorce is not new. The Church has always taken this question very seriously and with a view to helping the people who find themselves in this situation. Marriage is a sacrament that affects people particularly deeply in their personal, social and historical circumstances. Given the increasing number of persons affected in countries of ancient Christian tradition, this pastoral problem has taken on significant dimensions. Today even firm believers are seriously wondering: can the Church not admit the divorced and remarried to the sacraments under certain conditions? Are her hands permanently tied on this matter? Have theologians really explored all the implications and consequences? These questions must be explored in a manner that is consistent with Catholic doctrine on marriage. In light of the announcement of an Extraordinary Synod on the pastoral care of the family, which will take place in October of 2014, the author reflects on the pastoral care of divorced and civilly remarried members of the faithful.
Associations of the Faithful Becoming Religious Institutes or Societies of Apostolic Life: Responsibilities of Diocesan Bishops (Canon 579)
Authors: McDermott Rose
Published: June 2014

All baptized persons possess a natural and constitutive right to associate in their efforts to promote the mission of the Church ( PO 8, AA 8, c. 298 §1). Some of these associations eventually become religious institutes or societies of apostolic life. Canon 302 addresses clerical associations, anomalies among associations. The members exercise sacred ministry, a function belonging within the hierarchial structure of the Church. Likewise, clerical associations differ significantly from canon 278 assuring clerics the right to associate. Because the moderators of clerical associations cannot issue dimissorial letters (c. 1019), nor the associations incardinate members (c. 266), these associations place weighty responsibility on diocesan bishops. The article reviews the process for an association to become a religious institute or society of apostolic life, while raising significant issues around canon 302.
Video Communications Technology and the Sacramental Confessions of Deaf Catholics
Authors: Peters Edward N.
Published: June 2014

This article outlines the urgent pastoral need to improve access to the sacrament of penance among Deaf Catholics and examines whether Deaf Catholics should, notwithstanding sacramental and canonical scholarship opposing the use of technology in the sacrament of penance, be allowed to use modern video communications technology to approach remote confessors, accuse themselves of sin, and receive absolution validly and licitly. The chief objections to using video technology in the sacrament of penance—especially in regard to the requirement of a “moral presence” between confessor and penitent—are assessed in light of recent ecclesiastical and technological developments that suggest modern video technologies can support said moral presence. Older arguments for allowing hearing Catholics to use communications technology in their celebration of penance under certain circumstances are applied to the current situation of Deaf Catholics. Finally, a canonical mechanism for regulating the video-enabled celebration of the sacrament of penance is offered.
Borderlands Business: Merchant Firms and Modernity in Southwest China, 1800–1920
Authors: Giersch C. Patterson
Published: June 2014

Nineteenth-century southwesterners experienced such rending changes that some Yunnanese developed new institutions to adapt. The cause of change was commercialization, which brought both opportunity and danger. To seize the opportunities, Yunnanese formed shareholding trading firms with "imported" Chinese management techniques. It became common in some towns to invest in or work for business firms, where acquaintances and kin were reconfigured as partners and employees. As certain towns enjoyed commercial prosperity, some believed that mobility and consumption were a threat, and it was at this time that Yunnanese merchants turned to the new discourses and institutions of filiality and lineage to cope with these crises of modernity.
Collaboration and Resistance on the Southwest Frontier: Early Eighteenth-Century Qing Expansion on Two Fronts
Authors: Herman John
Published: June 2014

In 1715 two unrelated international events, the emergence of the Zunghar Mongols in Central Eurasia and Japan’s decision to restrict copper exports to China triggered a burst in Qing expansion into two different regions over the next fifteen years (1715-30), the Kham territory of Eastern Tibet and tusi-controlled territories in neighboring Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. As this article will show, Qing officials posted to Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou during this fifteen-year period were in a very peculiar position. On the one hand, they were authorized to negotiate alliances and grant tusi offices to the local Kham elite in order to advance the Qing empire into Kham, while at the same time they were encouraged to eliminate the remaining tusi in Yunnan and Guizhou in order to consolidate civilian control throughout the southwest. In short, during this brief fifteenyear period both ends of the historical spectrum Peter Perdue describes as the process of Qing imperial expansion existed in the southwest: the use of tusi offices to extend Qing influence into Kham, and the elimination of tusi in the southwest in order to establish centralized civilian rule.
“The Game is the Double Game”: Medical Discourse in Tennessee Williams’s The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond
Authors: Tunc Tanfer Emin
Published: June 2014

The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond (1957) functions as a searing retort against the American medical model which, for decades, demonized drug and alcohol users by labeling them as “disabled”; medicalized social “deviants”; pathologized sexual preference; and attempted to eradicate physical, psychological, and sexual non-normativity through eugenics. By depicting characters grappling with issues such as substance addiction, homosexuality, and euthanasia, Tennessee Williams not only exposes and challenges the flawed logic of eugenic theory and the fallacies of such medical discourse, but also, in the process, reveals that the provincialism, rigid social norms, and narrow-mindedness of the South—a society of “double games”—in effect paralleled such ideologies and facilitated the construction of non-conformity and non-normativity as medical “pathologies.”
Walter Benjamin’s Karl Kraus: Negation, Quotation, and Jewish Identity
Authors: Sax Benjamin E.
Published: June 2014

This article considers Walter Benjamin’s 1931 essay on Karl Kraus and explores how Benjamin uses Kraus (who was Theodor Lessing’s classical example of a self-hating Jew) to explain how Jewish theology can be transformed into secular Jewish cultural identity through quotation. Benjamin does this by focusing on what he believes to be the “Jewish” style of quotation in Kraus’s writing, or what George Steiner has termed a “hermeneutic of citation.”
The Unmarked Chains of Paper Clips
Authors: Meyers Helene
Published: June 2014

Paper Clips , a prize-winning 2004 Miramax documentary directed by Elliot Berlin and Joe Fab about a Holocaust collecting project that culminated in the Children’s Holocaust Memorial in Whitwell, Tennessee, strives to do necessary and well-intentioned memory work. However, it also illuminates culturally overdetermined forms of forgetting and self-fashioning that too often accompany Holocaust memorialization in white, Christian communities. Paper Clips exemplifies the ways in which Holocaust education can unwittingly foster competing victimization narratives between blacks and Jews, sanitize both European and U.S. history, and serve subtle but pernicious forms of supersessionism. This essay argues that ethically responsible Holocaust memorialization in the twenty-first century requires critical analysis of the specifically Christian and Jewish desires addressed by such a popular documentary.
A Poetics of Testimony and Trauma Healing in Anne Michaels’s Fugitive Pieces
Authors: Tsai Mei-Yu
Published: June 2014

This essay draws on critical theories of post-Holocaust testimony and postmemory in conjunction with the emerging sociological concept of “empathetic identification” to investigate the implications of trauma healing in Anne Michaels’s Fugitive Pieces . The novel features two protagonist narrators—Jacob Beer, a child survivor of the Holocaust, and Ben, a child of Holocaust survivor parents—each acknowledging the moral imperatives to remember the painful past of the Holocaust as well as the need to envision the possibility of coming to terms with the horrors of the past. Contrary to Holocaust literature that focuses on the irredeemable breakdown in the psyche, Fugitive Pieces makes it the central motivating aim to ponder the complex and bewildering experience of healing. With two memoirs—Jacob’s and Ben’s—each addressing the traumatic memory for the dead and to the living, Fugitive Pieces is characteristically structured as a model of the witnessing process, a process that aims to move beyond the isolation imposed by trauma. As a theoretical starting point in my reading of Fugitive Pieces , I turn to the psychoanalytical theory of testimony and postmemory—especially the works of Dori Laub and Marianne Hirsch— to examine how testimony in association with empathetic identification can help sustain life after massive trauma.
Jewish Studies in North American Colleges and Universities: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
Authors: Baskin Judith R.
Published: June 2014

The establishment of academic Jewish Studies positions and programs at a significant number of public and private North American institutions of higher education during the final third of the twentieth century is an interesting and complex phenomenon. In these remarks, the author provides a brief historical overview of academic Jewish Studies in North America and reflects on the present state of Jewish Studies programs in secular higher education settings and their ongoing challenges and future prospects. Her conclusions are neither comprehensive nor data-driven nor do they focus on the vibrant and excellent scholarship that characterizes Jewish Studies in 2013. Rather, the paper is based on the research of other scholars and the author’s experiences as a professor and administrator in Jewish Studies programs and departments at three public universities and one private university over the past four decades and as President of the Association for Jewish Studies between 2004 and 2006. The author also draws on her larger administrative perspective as an academic dean, since 2009, for seventeen Humanities departments and programs at the University of Oregon. The essay focuses on undergraduate Jewish Studies; the topics discussed are: Jewish Studies in North America: An Overview; Women and Academic Jewish Studies; Jewish Studies Instruction; Connections with Jewish Students and Jewish Organizations; Links with Israel; Other International Relationships; Donors and Endowments; Present Realities and Future Challenges.
Teaching the Introduction to Judaic Thought Course
Authors: Raphael Marc Lee
Published: June 2014

Marc Lee Raphael reflects on teaching the Introduction to Judaic Thought course at The College of William and Mary. He teaches the course through the discussion of primary texts, from the Apocrypha to the Talmud to thinkers such as Maimonides and Heschel to ideologues such as Geiger and Frankel.
On normal subgroups of division rings which are radical over a proper division subring
Authors: Bien Mai , Dung Duong
Published: June 2014

We introduce Kurosh elements in division rings based on the idea of a conjecture of Kurosh. Using this, we generalize a result of Faith in {xc[3]} and of Herstein in {xc[6]}.
Existence of nontrivial solution for elliptic systems involving the p(x)-Laplacian
Authors: Taghavi Ali , Afrouzi Ghasem , Ghorbani Horieh
Published: June 2014

In this paper, we consider the system \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}c}
{\left\{ { - \Delta _{p\left( x \right)} u = \lambda a\left( x \right)\left| u \right|} \right.^{r_1 \left( x \right) - 2} u - \mu b\left( x \right)\left| u \right|^{\alpha \left( x \right) - 2} u\;x \in \Omega } \\
{\left\{ { - \Delta _{q\left( x \right)} \nu = \lambda c\left( x \right)\left| \nu \right|} \right.^{r_2 \left( x \right) - 2} \nu - \mu d\left( x \right)\left| \nu \right|^{\beta \left( x \right) - 2} \nu \;x \in \Omega } \\
{u = \nu = 0\;x \in \partial \Omega } \\
\end{array} } \right.$$
\end{document} where Ω is a bounded domain in ℝN with smooth boundary, λ, μ > 0, p, q, r1, r2, α and β are continuous functions on \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\bar \Omega$$
\end{document} satisfying appropriate conditions. We prove that for any μ > 0, there exists λ* sufficiently small, and λ* large enough such that for any λ ∈ (0; λ*) ∪ (λ*, ∞), the above system has a nontrivial weak solution. The proof relies on some variational arguments based on the Ekeland’s variational principle and some adequate variational methods.
Rings whose nilpotent elements form a Lie ideal
Authors: Qu Yinchun , Wei Junchao
Published: June 2014

A ring R is called NLI (rings whose nilpotent elements form a Lie ideal) if for each a ∈ N(R) and b ∈ R, ab − ba ∈ N(R). Clearly, NI rings are NLI. In this note, many properties of NLI rings are studied. The main results we obtain are the following: (1) NLI rings are directly finite and left min-abel; (2) If R is a NLI ring, then (a) R is a strongly regular ring if and only if R is a Von Neumann regular ring; (b) R is (weakly) exchange if and only if R is (weakly) clean; (c) R is a reduced ring if and only if R is a n-regular ring; (3) If R is a NLI left MC2 ring whose singular simple left modules are Wnil-injective, then R is reduced.
Ethical statement in medical research manuscripts: A Necessary step for quality control
Authors: Sathian Brijesh , Banerjee Indrajit , Sreedharan Jayadevan , Roy B , Yadav RJ
Published: June 2014

Recently there are several budding medical journals which are coming from developing countries and also there is a large number of publishers. It will foster medical research from these countries. Authors will improve the skill of medical writing because of these journals senior, experienced international/ national editorial and review board. Also this team is responsible for the quality of the journal. Journals primary aim should not be making money and get other benefit to the people who are dealing with it. Journals should produce evidence based new information to the medical science which will benefit to the new generation physicians, scientists and readers.  There is a tremendous increase in the medical research articles in the recent years because most of the institutions, universities and funding agencies consider the publication history of the scientists for their promotion and incentive. It results with good practice and bad practice of research. There are several scientists and teaching faculty members who publish the articles without proper data or they plagiarise other scientist work.  It can be stopped only by the national medical research authorities like Indian Council of Medical Research [India], Nepal Health Research Council [Nepal], etc. for each country level and the Institutional Research and Ethics Committee in  the institutional level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i3.10661Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014; 4(3):348-50
ZargisCardioscan™ Aided Heart Murmurs Recognition has high negative predictive values when correlated and validated with Echocardiography: A Potential Dawn for Valvular Heart Disease Prevalence Studies in Rural India
Authors: Aggarwal P , Kumar R , Kandpal SD , Gupta D , Rai T
Published: June 2014

Background  The purpose of this open-label study was to correlate the auscultation findings of ZargisCardioscan™ with the echocardiographic findings in our patient population who were referred for echocardiography so as to investigate and ensure the validity of this technology before instituting its applicability in community health events among rural Indian population. Materials and Methods This was a double blinded prospective correlation study in outpatients presenting for echocardiography. Methods: One hundred patients, who had presented for echocardiography at Cardiology Center of an academic university hospital in rural India, were enrolled in this double blinded prospective correlation study. Principal investigator who is a community medicine physician performed the auscultation of patients’ hearts in sitting position. Subsequently, the ZargisCardioscan™ software was used to analyze the heart sounds auscultated by the 3M™ Littmann® Model 3200 stethoscope. Thereafter, the scheduled echocardiography for which the patient had presented to hospital was performed by co-investigator cardiologist who was blinded to the results obtained by the ZargisCardioscan™.Finally, all these data were statistically analyzed by blinded investigator for the presence of correlation between the two modalities. Results The most important finding was the high 90s negative predictive values when the stethoscope-software combination was used for auscultation and analysis of heart murmurs. Additionally, presence of isolated systolic murmurs had higher incidence of appreciable significant valvular lesions and presence of isolated diastolic murmurs primarily had underlying minimal-mild regurgitant valvular lesion, if any. The Bland-Altman Plot confirmed good correlation between stethoscope-echocardiography findings.     Conclusion Stethoscope-software combination, 3M™ Littmann® Model 3200 and ZargisCardioscan™, accurately predicts the absence of valvular heart disease on echocardiography.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i3.10665 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014; 4(3): 363-369
The Prognostic Role of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Oropharyngeal Carcinoma Treated with Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Young Caroline A. , Murray Louise J. , Karakaya Ebru , Thygesen Helene H. , Sen Mehmet , Prestwich Robin J. D.
Published: June 2014

Background

The aim of the study is to investigate the prognostic role of pre-treatment of markers of the systemic inflammatory response (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and albumin) in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Methods

A total of 251 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy between 2004 and 2010 were retrospectively identified. NLR, PLR, and albumin were recorded from baseline blood parameters. NLR threshold of >5 and PLR thresholds of ≤150, >150 and ≤300, and >300 were used for analysis.

Results

Median follow-up was 46 months (range 9–98). The 3 year overall survival, local control, regional control, and distant control were 70%, 85%, 87%, and 87%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, locoregional control was associated with T stage (HR 3.3 (95% CI 1.5–6.9), P = 0.002) and NLR (HR 2.1 (95% CI 1.1–3.9), P = 0.023). Overall survival was associated with T stage (HR 2.47 (95% CI 1.45–4.2), P = 0.001) and grade (HR 0.61 (95% CI 0.38–0.99), P = 0.048). PLR and albumin were not significantly associated with disease outcomes or survival.

Conclusions

The NLR is an independent prognostic factor for locoregional control in oropharyngeal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.
Deciphering the Handwriting on the Wall: Some Astronomical Interpretations of the Recent Discoveries at Xultun, Guatemala
Authors: Bricker Victoria R. , Aveni Anthony F. , Bricker Harvey M.
Published: July 2014

This study places the recently excavated ninth-century A.D. four-part calendrical notations at Xultun (Lunar Table, Ring Number, Long Count, and Multiplication Table) in the context of both Classic monumental inscriptions and astronomical knowledge in the Postclassic Dresden Codex. We demonstrate that the Lunar Table employed a formula attributed to Palenque and that it could have been used as a device to determine precisely where to break the sequence of alternating 29- and 30-day months one finds on dated monuments. All four categories found at Xultun appear in the Dresden Codex. The Ring Number, which bridges a date in the deep past with one in the recently completed era, is a perfect fit with one of the most fundamental Dresden eclipse cycles. Our analysis of glyphs accompanying the Long Count date enables us to place candidate eclipses, especially one that corresponds with a conjunction of Mars, in real time. We argue that the large multiples were extracted from, or prepared for, warning tables like the Dresden eclipse table, and we demonstrate why such tables must have existed well before the Xultun inscriptions. Thus, while the writings in the Dresden manuscript constitute a finished product, the writing on the wall of residential Structure 10K-2 is more akin to what one might find in an astronomer's notebook.
SPITFIRE within the MPI Earth system model: Model development and evaluation
Authors: Lasslop Gitta , Thonicke Kirsten , Kloster Silvia
Published: July 2014

Quantification of the role of fire within the Earth system requires an adequate representation of fire as a climate‐controlled process within an Earth system model. To be able to address questions on the interaction between fire and the Earth system, we implemented the mechanistic fire model SPITFIRE, in JSBACH, the land surface model of the MPI Earth system model. Here, we document the model implementation as well as model modifications. We evaluate our model results by comparing the simulation to the GFED version 3 satellite‐based data set. In addition, we assess the sensitivity of the model to the meteorological forcing and to the spatial variability of a number of fire relevant model parameters. A first comparison of model results with burned area observations showed a strong correlation of the residuals with wind speed. Further analysis revealed that the response of the fire spread to wind speed was too strong for the application on global scale. Therefore, we developed an improved parametrization to account for this effect. The evaluation of the improved model shows that the model is able to capture the global gradients and the seasonality of burned area. Some areas of model‐data mismatch can be explained by differences in vegetation cover compared to observations. We achieve benchmarking scores comparable to other state‐of‐the‐art fire models. The global total burned area is sensitive to the meteorological forcing. Adjustment of parameters leads to similar model results for both forcing data sets with respect to spatial and seasonal patterns.
GOES‐R satellite solar panels ready for space
Authors: Wendel JoAnna
Published: July 2014

An array of five photovoltaic panels has been approved and is ready to be incorporated into the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) new Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites‐R (GOES‐R). GOES‐R, a collaborative effort between NOAA and NASA, aims to provide more timely and accurate weather forecasts once in orbit. The satellite is scheduled to launch in early 2016.
Communicating the Value of Science
Authors: McEntee Chris
Published: July 2014

The quality of life Americans enjoy today and the United States's ability to compete in the global economy have many of their roots in the country's long history of leadership in scientific research and discovery. Federally supported basic research has led to innovations such as GPS, earthquake hazard mapping, and hundreds of technological spinoffs from the space program, including heart monitors and material that protects us from fire.
Increased erosion rates due to uplift and glacial erosion
Authors: Wendel JoAnna
Published: July 2014

Around the world, geologists have found overwhelming evidence that starting about 5 million years ago, erosion rates began to increase. Geoscientists, puzzled about the cause of this increase, are specifically debating whether it is due to climate change or an increase in rock uplift as the Earth's topography evolved.
Fabrication of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanofibers and Polyethylene Nonwoven with Sandwich Structures for Thermal Insulator Application
Authors: Valipour Peiman , Babaahmadi Vahid , Nasouri Komeil
Published: July 2014

The effects of variation in average nanofibers diameter and surface density of nanofibers web on thermal conductivity of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofibers web are investigated in this paper. With an increase in the concentration of PMMA in the solution from 18 to 26 w/v%, the mean diameter of nanofibers increased from 73 ± 16 to 968 ± 97 nm. The results demonstrate that the use of thinner PMMA nanofibers results in a lower limit of thermal conductivity and better thermal insulation performance that means lower radiative conductivity. It can be related to a higher specific surface of thinner PMMA nanofibers that means more surface area for radiative scatter and absorption lead to lower conductivity. With increasing surface density of PMMA nanofibers web, the thermal conductivity was reduced and water vapor transmission rate and thermal insulation ability were improved. Higher porosity percentage and smaller pore sizes in the web with higher surface density could result in lower thermal conductivity.
Fetal akinesia deformation sequence: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum
Authors: Nayak Shalini S. , Kadavigere Rajagopal , Mathew Mary , Kumar Pratap , Hall Judith G. , Girisha Katta M.
Published: July 2014

We report on two unrelated fetuses born to nonconsanguineous couples with fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS). The fetuses shared facial features, micrognathia, fetal finger pads, bulbous digital tips, pterygia, clubfeet, ventriculomegaly, and cerebellar anomalies. Both had loss/absence of Purkinje cells in cerebellum. The first family had a similarly affected previous pregnancy suggesting an autosomal recessive inheritance. The second fetus, in addition to the findings in the first, had cleft palate and defective lobulation of lungs. These fetuses appear to have the Pena–Shokeir phenotype (PSP) or FADS. These two cases seem to define a newly recognizable subtype of FADS with bulbous digital tips, prominent digit pads and cerebellar anomalies, and highlight the phenotypic diversity of syndromes with multiple congenital contractures manifesting in utero. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The nasoseptal flap for reconstruction of the medial and inferior orbit
Authors: Chhabra Nipun , Healy David Y. , Freitag Suzanne K. , Bleier Benjamin S.
Published: July 2014

Background

Endoscopic endonasal orbital surgery may result in large orbital defects that mandate reconstruction to minimize the risk of diplopia and enophthalmos. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the nasoseptal flap can provide adequate coverage of maximal orbital defects.

Methods

This was an anatomic cadaveric study. Morphometric measurements were completed in 5 cadaveric orbits to determine the dimensions of an orbital defect comprising the entire lamina papyracea and the orbital floor. The dimensions of a planned nasoseptal flap were then calculated and an appropriately sized flap was harvested to verify complete coverage of the defect.

Results

The mean ± standard deviation (SD) medial orbital defect was a depth of 47.3 mm ± 2.52, height of 13.67 mm ± 2.73, and width of 13.33 mm ± 1.03 for the orbital floor. The mean flap dimensions were a width of 55 ± 6.16 mm, height of 48 ± 4.47 mm, and depth of 70 ± 3.54 mm. In all cases, the harvested flap adequately covered the orbital defect. These dimensions correlated with flap incisions subtending the mucocutaneous junction anteriorly, the inferior meatus laterally, the attachment of the middle turbinate superiorly, and the choanal arch posteriorly.

Conclusion

Endoscopic orbital approaches may result in large orbital defects with significant orbital fat herniation and extraocular muscle exposure. Immediate vascularized flap reconstruction of the orbit may help to limit the attendant morbidity including diplopia and enophthalmos. This study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of the nasoseptal flap for the reconstruction of maximal orbital defects.
Bimetallic NiCo Functional Graphene: An Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogen‐Storage Properties of MgH2
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Guang , An Cuihua , Li Li , Qiu Fangyuan , Wang Yijing , Jiao Lifang , Yuan Huatang
Published: July 2014

Bimetallic NiCo functional graphene (NiCo/rGO) was synthesized by a facile one‐pot method. During the coreduction process, the as‐synthesized ultrafine NiCo nanoparticles (NPs), with a typical size of 4–6 nm, were uniformly anchored onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The NiCo bimetal‐supported graphene was found to be more efficient than their single metals. Synergetic catalysis of NiCo NPs and rGO was confirmed, which can significantly improve the hydrogen‐storage properties of MgH2. The apparent activation energy (Ea) of the MgH2NiCo/rGO sample decreases to 105 kJ mol−1, which is 40.7 % lower than that of pure MgH2. More importantly, the as‐prepared MgH2NiCo/rGO sample can absorb 5.5 and 6.1 wt % hydrogen within 100 and 350 s, respectively, at 300 °C under 0.9 MPa H2 pressure. Further cyclic kinetics investigation indicates that MgH2NiCo/rGO nanocomposites have excellent cycle stability.