bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores determinantes para implementação de controles internos e gestão de riscos de subscrição por meio de indicadores de impacto nas cooperativas médicas
Authors: Cota Isamara Silva , Vasconcelos Ana Lucia F. de S.
Published: September 2023

Este estudo parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla intervencionista, busca a relação teórica dos fatores determinantes para implementar processos de controles internos e práticas de gestão de riscos de subscrição à luz da Resolução Normativa n° 443 aplicada às operadoras de planos de saúde. Para identificar as variáveis teóricas, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura, e, se propôs uma adaptação do modelo do Reino Unido (2009) com três componentes (ambiente, processos e resultados) medidos nas variáveis: Liderança, Políticas e Estratégias, Pessoas, Identificação e análise de riscos, Avaliação e respostas a riscos, Monitoramento e Comunicação, Eficácia da gestão de riscos e Resultados Organizacionais. Na dimensão ambiente considerou-se o hibridismo e o conflito de agência decorrente do modelo de negócio das cooperativas médicas, ponderados pela governança corporativa, discutidos no referencial teórico. Na dimensão dos processos considera-se a literatura de gerenciamento de riscos, sobretudo o framework COSO II, além das exigências estabelecidas pela ANS.
Infanticídio como delito social:
Authors: Alves Jaiza Sammara de Araujo
Published: September 2023

O infanticídio consiste em matar o próprio filho, durante o parto ou logo após, sendo que a mãe, ao cometer a conduta delituosa, encontra-se influenciada pelo estado puerperal. Desta forma, o presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar o conceito de estado puerperal, diferenciando-o de puerpério e dos transtornos mentais que podem deste decorrer, buscando compreender se efetivamente o estado puerperal existe ou se é uma ficção. Como metodologia, foi empregada a pesquisa bibliográfica baseada em livros e artigos científicos que versam sobre o tema, bem como o estudo de caso de infanticídio ocorrido na província de Salta, Argentina. Como resultado, foi constatado que o estado puerperal não guarda semelhanças com as características de transtorno mental decorrente do parto e tampouco pode ser confundido com o puerpério. Conclui-se que o estado puerperal é uma ficção jurídica criada pelo legislador do Código Penal brasileiro, ainda em 1940, e que tal expressão deve ser reformada do código a fim de melhor compreender o que se passa com a mulher que cometeu o infanticídio.
Which Travel Package Makes People Happier? Cultural Or 3s
Authors: Albayrak Zeynep , Atçı Dilek
Published: September 2023

Happiness is one of the central concerns of many disciplines and also one of the most controversial topics of all time. Researches show there are many factors that affect happiness. Traveling is considered as one of these factors. This study aims to determine whether traveling for vacation makes significant difference on the level of happiness and which tour package affects happiness most. The study has a quasi-experimental and longitudinal design. Experimental group consisted of two sub-groups that included individuals who took a cultural tour or sea, sun and sand tour, and the control group consisted of contributors who did not travel for vacation in the last 6 months and had no vacation plans in the next 6 months. The questionnaire was applied to the experimental group (and control group at the same time) 15 days before and 15 days, 2 months and 6 months after the vacation. As a result of the analyses, it was verified that the level of happiness does not change depending on demographic factors, but the study revealed that traveling for vacation has an effect on the level of happiness that lasts longer than 2 months. Results show happiness level of the experimental group was higher than the control group, and traveling for vacation really increased the level of happiness. Between the two different tour packages tourists participating in cultural tours have greater level of happiness.
PENINGKATAN LITERASI KEUANGAN DAN PENCEGAHAN PINJAMAN ONLINE ILEGAL BAGI IBU IBU ‘AISYIYAH JEMBER
Authors: Nur Siti Khayisatuzahro , Pawestri Aris Yuni
Published: September 2023

Tidak dapat dipungkiri, bahwa kebutuhan hidup manusia tidak terkontrol dengan baik, terkadang pengeluaran lebih banyak daripada pendapatan. Dalam perkembangan model berhutang bermigrasi dari offline ke online. Hal ini ditandai dengan banyaknya jumlah pinjaman online uang bisa diakses oleh masyarakat untuk mendapatkan dana tambahan secara cepat dan mudah. Diantara kerugian yang dirasakan adalah pencemaran nama baik, jumlah bunga yang tidak pasti, dan kebocoran data kontak pada ponsel. Melihat banyak kerugian tersebut, maka tim berupaya memberikan edukasi dan pencegahan peminjaman online ilegal (illegal online) kepada masyarakat khusunya ibu-ibu ‘Aisyiyah Wilayah Karimata Jember. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk sosialisasi, edukasi dan pendampingan. Dilaksanakan sosialisasi dan tanya jawab seputar resiko pinjaman online ilegal, dilanjutkan pembentukan kelompok sadar literasi keuangan dikalangan ibu-ibu. Adapun tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan edukasi bagi ibu-ibu ‘Aisyiyah agar lebih waspada dalam melakukan pinjaman online. Lebih disarankan untuk memilih penyedia pinjaman online yang sudah terdaftar di OJK. Namun daripada itu, tim menghimbau ibu-ibu agar mengatur kebutuhan hidup, dan keuangan sesuai dengan jumlah pendapatan yang dimiliki, bentuk perencanaan keuangan yang sesuai dapat membantu ibu-ibu agar tidak berhutang serta menyiapkan dana darurat dan investasi demi masa depan keuarga yang dimiliki.
Secessionism in Nevis: Why Have Tensions Eased?
Authors: Corbett Jack , Byron Jessica
Published: September 2023

Existing studies of secessionism focus predominantly on why these movements gain momentum and persist. A subset of work focuses on why secessionist tensions cease. We contribute to these latter studies by adapting the main theories developed to explain why secessionist agitation occurs, to account for abatement. We focus specifically on the island of Nevis in St Kitts and Nevis, a country that should be a “least likely” case for secession, given its small population, territory, and economy, yet has experienced secessionist agitation for much of the second half of the 20th century. Since the late 1990s, momentum for secession has subsided. We explain why by reference to rationalist, culturalist and institutionalist arguments. We use an in-depth case study method, drawing on a range of sources, that foregrounds equifinality and concatenation across more than a century of inter-island politics. The findings suggest that all three types of arguments have some explanatory value but each fall short of fully accounting for the ebb and flow of secessionist dynamics. The findings may be of particular interest to multi-island states and territories in the Caribbean. They also offer practical lessons about the importance of policies that promote sectoral integration, encourage sociological linkages, and provide scope for dynamic political settlements.
Examining Challenges In The Adoption of Big Data In Health Care Institutions And Its Impact On Patients Satisfaction: An empirical study in Delhi, India
Authors: Sao Ameet , Sharma Neetu , Singh Sakshee , Vishwas Yelikar Bharati , Bhardwaj Anoop
Published: September 2023

The study aims to investigate the obstacles and factors influencing the adoption of big data in healthcare organizations, and its subsequent impact on patient satisfaction. Big data in healthcare refers to the collecting, analysis, and use of clinical data from patients that is too massive or complex to be grasped by standard data processing methods. Adopting big data in health care will enable manages to render services to patient and customer satisfaction. However, in the health care sector, firms must overcome several hurdles and problems by adopting new technology. A detailed literature review was undertaken to examine many obstacles associated with the use of Big Data. A well-structured questionnaire was prepared in Likert scale to find the elements that influence big data adoption and its impact on patient satisfaction. To evaluate factors, exploratory factor analysis using SPSS 21 was performed, and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was performed to assess key significant factors that impact patient satisfaction. The data was gathered from employees associated with the hospitals. The survey received responses from 212 participants. Following the analysis of the data, it was found that five challenging factors influences big data adoption. These are data integration, data understanding, technology and infrastructure, lack of expert and regulation barrier. These factors explained 70.36% of variance. Whereas, SEM analysis indicated that both data integration, data understanding and lack of expertise significantly affect big data adoption Furthermore, big data adoption in hospitals will help in improving patient satisfaction.
Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol dan Diklorometan Kulit Batang Halay (Alstonia spectabilis R. Br)
Authors: Dai Lusia Ina , Pote Lodowik Landi , Tukan Gerardus Diri , Taek Maximus M.
Published: September 2023

Salah satu tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan adalah A. spectabilis R. Br. Tumbuhan A. spectabilis R. Br mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat bermanfaat sebagai obat. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam A. spectabilis R. Br memiliki sifat antimalaria, sitotoksik, antiseptik, antibakteri, antidisentrik, dan antikanker. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang aktivitas antioksidan dan sititoksik dari ekstrak etanol dan diklorometan kulit batang halay (A. spectabilis R. Br) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksik ekstrak etanol dan diklorometan kulit batang halay (A. spectabilis R. Br). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 95% dan diklorometan. Metode uji antioksidan dengan DPPH dan uji sitotoksik adalah Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) menggunakan larva udang Artemia salina Leach. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh ekstrak etanol dengan rendemen 13,17% dan diklorometan dengan rendemen 2,0%. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid, tanin dan ekstrak diklorometan positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid dan saponin. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol dengan nilai IC50 adalah 462,22 ppm dengan kategori lemah dan ekstrak diklorometan dengan nilai IC50 adalah 194,14 ppm dengan kategori sangat lemah. Dan hasil uji stotoksik ekstrak etanol dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 168,03 ppm dan ekstrak diklorometan dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 240,12 ppm. Ekstrak etanol dan diklorometan memiliki sifat toksik.
Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder pada Sopi Kualin (SOKLIN) yang Dibuat Dengan dan Tanpa Fermentasi di Desa Kualin Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Takaeb Matheos J , Leo Marince Inforsalina
Published: September 2023

Nusa Tenggara Timur memiliki berbagai kearifan lokal dan masih dipertahankan hingga sekarang. Budaya minum sopi sebagai sikap silaturahmi/kebersamaan dalam adat istiadat atau kehidupan sehari-hari. Desa Kualin, kecamatan Kualin, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan menjadi produsen utama untuk minuman sopi yang dikenal dengan nama minumannya “SOKLIN”. Masyarakat desa Kualin menggunakan SOKLIN sebagai mata pecaharian utama. Akan tetapi, kajian sains tentang senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berperan sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan antimikroba pada SOKLIN belum pernah dilakukan sehingga masyarakat menganggap bahwa rendaman sopi sangat berbahaya untuk tubuh. Identifikasi metabolit sekunder pada SOKLIN dengan metode ekstraksi dan fermentasi di Desa Kualin bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan dari dua metode ini. Pada proses ekstraksi maserasi, ramuan sopi direndam menggunakan etanol yang berasal dari pemurnian hasil fermentasi buah pisang kepok melalui tahap destilasi, sedangkan pada fermentasi langsung dibuat campuran antara buah pisang kepok dan ramuan sopi yang disimpan selama 6 hari. Selanjutnya, kedua sampel dipekatkan dengan menggunakan rotary evaporator. Hasil evaporasi kedua sampel diidentifikasi dengan cara uji fitokimia untuk menetukan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung didalamnya menggunakan heksan. Hasil uji fitokimia membuktikan bahwa sampel ekstraksi mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan terpenoid sedangkan sampel fermentasi langsung mengandung senyawa terpenoid. Selanjutnya, proses identifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis diperoleh serapan panjang gelombang senyawa flavonoid yaitu 486 nm dengan absorbansi 0,499 dan senyawa terpenoid pada panjang gelombang 271 dengan absorbansi 0,40. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam sopi desa Kualin lebih bagus dihasilkan melalui metode ekstraksi maserasi dari pada metode fermentasi.
UDN-like disease in spawners of salmonid fishes from the Rega, Parsęta, Wieprza, and Słupia rivers in 2009-2012
Authors: Kazuń Barbara , Terech-Majewska Elżbieta , Grudniewska Joanna , Kazuń Krzysztof
Published: September 2023

Since 2007 in Poland, skin lesions have been observed in salmon (Salmo salar L.) and sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) entering Pomeranian rivers to spawn. The clinical picture of affected fish resembled ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN), a disease of unknown etiology affecting mainly the scalps of wild salmonids. The aim of the 2009-2012 study was to determine with microbiological tests the etiological agent of the skin lesions observed in salmonids entering the Pomeranian rivers. During the study, a total of 13 species of Gram-negative bacteria belonging mainly to the Yersiniaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae families were isolated and identified from the skin and kidneys of diseased fish. The Gram-positive bacteria isolated were aerobic, hemolytic granules of the genus Streptococcus. Mycological examinations on damaged fish body surfaces revealed yeasts of the genus Rhodotorula and fungi of the family Saprolegniaceae. The results of our study did not permit us to identify unequivocally the direct cause of the fish diseases analyzed since all the bacteria isolated during the study are normally found in aquatic environments. Some of the isolated bacteria identified were assumed to be potentially pathogenic to fish. The fungal infections observed were probably secondary and only exacerbated ongoing disease processes.
First record of stone moroko (Pseudorasbora parva), an invasive alien fish species, in water bodies of urban green areas in Poland
Authors: Wróblewski Paweł , Maciaszek Rafał , Kasprzak Robert
Published: September 2023

Invasive alien species are currently a major ecological problem. One such species is stone moroko, Pseudorasbora parva (Gobionidae), which has only been found to date in natural or agricultural water bodies (lakes, rivers and streams, carp ponds). Therefore, the current study is the first description of stone moroko in urban green areas (Warsaw, Poland). The fish were caught with a hydrobiological net. Four catches were conducted in ponds located in Morskie Oko Park (pond 1) and the Saxon Garden (pond 2) – two in fall and two in the spring, while two spring catches were conducted in Dolinka Służewska Park (stream). The population in pond 2 apparently survived the winter, and the fish caught in June displayed visible signs of sexual dimorphism and were significantly larger (average body mass: 1648 ± 1123 mg; range: 460–6090 mg) than those caught in the pond in the two fall samplings (404 ± 122 mg; 154–729 mg). After recording substantial numbers of specimens in the fall, no fish were caught in pond 1 during either of the spring catches, while only a few moroko were caught in the stream in April (1212 ± 869 mg; 454–2901 mg) and none were caught in June. Throughout the study, 59 specimens were caught in pond 1, 74 in pond 2, and 7 in the stream.
Cognitive and/or Depressive Disorders in the Elderly with Type II Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Hypertension
Authors: Sichim Ada Diana , Gurgas Leonard
Published: September 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a significant public health problem due to its increasing prevalence, being considered a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, thus being an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. NICE (The UK’s National Institute for Excellence in Health and Care) states that people diagnosed with diabetes (both type 1 and type DZ 2) have a three times higher risk of being diagnosed with depression compared to those who do not have diabetes. Studies on the association of diabetes mellitus in the elderly and neurocognitive disorders have highlighted the increased incidence of dementia in this type of patient, the latter representing a risk factor for the development of strokes. The purpose of the study: to study the presence of neurocognitive dysfunction and the presence of depression in patients who simultaneously present type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and the correlations between clinical-psychiatric indicators (MMSE score and GDS-15 score) and paraclinical indicators (blood glucose level, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol), as well as blood pressure values at admission, during hospitalization and at discharge. 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and HTA were examined, who followed the treatment at the National Institute of Geriartry and Gerontology “Ana Aslan” in Bucharest, registered between April 2021 and April 2022.

Conclusions: According to the data exposed, it can be stated that there is a high probability of the development of cerebral suffering, which can generate cognitive decline of various stages of severity, in decompensated diabetic patients.
High Concentrations of Uranium, Barium, and Lead in Cancer Patients and Healthy Controls in the Malwa Region of Punjab, India
Authors: Bjørklund Geir , Pivina Lyudmila , Semenova Yuliya
Published: September 2023

Background: Anthropogenic risk factors contribute worldwide to an unfavorable environmental situation, which in the population can lead to cancer and other environmental-related diseases. Heavy metals accumulate in tissues and affect human health.

Objectives: This review evaluates data for the possible role of uranium (U), barium (Ba), and lead (Pb) in the cancer development in people living in the Malwa Region of Punjab, India.

Methods: A literature search was performed using the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Publications in English were included. Preference was given to studies of high methodological quality (systematic reviews and surveys of studies of various designs). The results of cross-sectional studies were taken into account.

Discussion: A study has shown that cancer patients in the Malwa region of Punjab, India have unexpectedly high concentrations of U, Ba, and Pb in hair. We hypothesize that higher hair concentrations of U and other bone-seeking elements in hair of cancer patients may be due to the release of these elements from the skeleton, partly because of the patients age (following the menopause in women) and partly due to disease factors such as bed rest, bone metastases, and enhanced glucocorticoid secretion.

Conclusions: Further research is needed to distinguish the effect of age on bone-seeking elements from real disease associations, regardless of the relationship with the pathology is a causal one or not.
Neurovascular Complications of Distal Humerus Fractures in Children
Authors: Valcu Alexandru , Obada Bogdan , Manac Iulian
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Distal humerus fractures represents a common pathology in paediatric traumatology that can result in neurovascular injuries, which can be serious and require prompt medical attention. Most common complications noted are Brachial Artery Injury and Median Nerve Injury.

Objective: To determine the total number and frequency of neurovascular complications in distal humerus fractures on a period of 6 years in County Emergency Hospital of Constanta.

Material and methods: A cohort study was conducted in patients under 16 years old from 2017 to 2022. Children with pathologic fractures were excluded from this study.

Results: We diagnosed 9 patients out of 165 with nerve injuries, out of which 6 (3.6%) had Median Nerve Injury and 2 (1.2%) had Ulnar Nerve Injury, mostly in children aged 10 or less. We identified 4 (2.4%) children with brachial artery injury.

Conclusions: It is important for healthcare providers to carefully assess and monitor patients with humerus supracondylar fractures to identify and manage any potential complications. Treatment may involve immobilisation, closed reduction or surgical interventions depending on the severity of the fracture and associated complications.
Portraying Trawl Fishery in Albanian Waters: Case Study from the Sarandë Area (Southern Albania)
Authors: Bakiu Rigers , Gurma Marthjon , Moutopoulos Dimitrios K.
Published: September 2023

The current study provides valuable insight into the trawl fishery operating in southern Albanian waters via an integrated approach based on high-frequency onboard monitoring trawl vessels and on-site interviews with local fishers. Multivariate analyses of the composition of species landings or economic revenue revealed groups that, depending on the group, were distinguished by improved fisheries landings and economic efficiency. The majority of the catch consisted of a variety of demersal and small- and medium-sized pelagic species, confirming the Adriatic Sea's multispecies nature. Target species identified in terms of catches and revenue imply a systematic tactic over a long period of time, and incidental catches are equally important in terms of overall group similarity. The identification of target species groups may be useful in assessing the current sampling stratification schemes.
Resilience Mechanisms of the European Trade Network During the Pandemic
Authors: Manafi Ioana , Huru Dragos , Dobre Florin , Capbun Andreea Gabriela , Roman Mihai Daniel
Published: September 2023

Subject and purpose of work:

The economic crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic was fundamentally different from those of the past, with unforeseen implication on supply chains and European trade. As the literature regarding the pandemic is vast bibliometric techniques were used to find the most influential themes and authors. The aim of this paper is to test if cascading failure is possible when shocks arise in European trade.

Materials and methods:

To characterise the European commerce, network analysis was employed using Eurostat data of imports and exports in the following years: 2018, 2019 and 2020. Trade value indices were also used to characterised European trade during the pandemic and Enterprise Survey run by World Bank for in-depth, cross economies comparisons.

Results:

The results from the network analysis characterise the compactness of the network, showing that the European trade network is characterised by robustness.

Conclusions:

Cascading failure has a low probability of occurrence.
Growth and Trends of Agriculture: Food Grain Production and Area in India
Authors: Rani Mamta
Published: September 2023

Subject and purpose of work:

The purpose of this study is to determine the area and production status of food grains in India.

Materials and methods:

The current study was conducted using secondary data that was gathered from numerous sources, including the Statistical Abstract of Haryana, and the Economic Survey. Between 1991-1992 and 2021-2022, the area and production of food grains have seen a compound growth rate.

Results:

The results show a fluctuating trend in area and production during the years 1991-92 to 2021-22. For the study period, the mean average of the production and area of food grains was estimated.

Conclusions:

Agriculture is still a significant sector for the economy from the p erspectives of self-sufficiency and employment, despite the sector’s diminishing GDP proportion over time. The trajectory and expansion of Gross Value Added (GVA), investments in agriculture, and food grain crops were all examined in this article.
Unusual Changes in the U.S. Treasury Security Market During the Fourth Round of Quantitative Easing
Authors: Allen Kyle D. , Hein Scott E.
Published: September 2023

The Covid-19 Pandemic and policy response rattled the US Treasury markets. Conventional US Treasuries, inflation adjusted US Treasuries, and the relationship between the two developed in ways such that ignoring changes in real interest rates yielded distorted inflation expectations estimates. Since the beginning of the pandemic, monetary policy kept nominal rates low and close to zero, but positive. Real rates, on the other hand, became increasingly negative. The relationship between the two market rates became negatively correlated, and distorted because of the fourth round of quantitative easing, along with the Fed preventing nominal yields from turning negative. Federal Reserve actions during the Covid-19 pandemic drove a larger wedge between nominal interest rates and real interest rates in the inflation adjusted market.
Raising Interest Rates for Improving Income
Authors: Peña Guillermo
Published: September 2023

This paper illustrates a case where an increase of the interest rates improves the economic activity and reduces income inequality. This theoretical exercise deals with a simple model of disequilibrium with accountant identities of budget constraints. In addition, and following previous models, the effect of the COVID-19 shock is considered, by reflecting asymmetric repercussions that increase income inequality. A simple empirical exercise confirms some of the previous results. The proposed explanation is that, for the euro area, this shock has affected more middle-income households such as the retailers harmed by the compulsory lockdown who have increased their debts.
The Number and Authority of the Ecumenical Councils in the Second Helvetic Confession
Authors: Pásztori-Kupán István
Published: September 2023

Whilst Bullinger’s CHP accepts the decisions of the first four ecumenical councils, no description has been produced concerning their criteria. Based on the common features of Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus and Chalcedon, the Apostles’ Council of Jerusalem would fit the pattern, with one exception: it had neither been convened nor supervised by secular rulers. Why did the strongly Bible-oriented Reformers fail to ‘renumber’ the ecumenical councils starting with the one in Jerusalem, as they did e.g. with the Decalogue or the sacraments? Apparently, they acquiesced in the already established state of affairs to appease the contemporary secular powers, whilst preserving Chalcedon’s Christological and soteriological heritage.
The Papacy: A Philosophical Case
Authors: Sijuwade Joshua
Published: September 2023

This article aims to provide a philosophical case for the veracity of the doctrine of the papacy. This specific case will be presented as an a priori argument that will be formulated in light of the work of Richard Swinburne and Linda Zagzebski—which, in combination, will provide us with grounds for believing in the veracity of the papacy from a philosophical perspective, and thus help to further bolster up the historical arguments that are usually brought in support of the veracity of the doctrine.
Divided by the Translation, But United in the Concept? The Word Study of מִכְתָּם
Authors: Chia Philip Suciadi
Published: September 2023

The Hebrew word מִכְתָּם creates a problem because the meaning is controversy. The Hebrew lexicon, BDB (1906) and TWOT lexicon (2003), confirm this difficulty, saying, “the meaning of this word is unknown.” PONS Kompaktwörterbuch Althebräisch (2015) records that this word is untranslated, while the other sources translate as song, prayer, or epigram. Allen P. Ross (2012:48), a Hebrew scholar, indicates that its meaning is disputed. Ibn Ezra (Strickman 2009:112) interprets that this word refers to a very precious Psalm. He compares withketem pazor the finest gold in Song of Songs 5:11 because both words are derived from the same root. This perplexity also occurs in ancient texts as they differ in their translations. This article, therefore, attempts to study and solve this dilemmatic word in ancient texts with textual criticism of its methodology. This study argues that the word מִכְתָּם is not only different in translation, but also the concept in ancient texts.
Effect of Storage Period on Acid Value and Sensory Attributes of Puffed Wheat Grains ‘Badyrak Vanilla’ and ‘Badyrak with Whey’
Authors: Konkubaeva Nurzat , Kulmyrzaev Asylbek , Deydiev Anarseit , Radenkovs Vitalijs , Galoburda Ruta
Published: September 2023

Puffed grains made from whole wheat, corn or rice grains are ready-to-eat breakfast cereals that do not require additional preparation. Two recipes for puffed grain coatings were developed in the previous studies. Sunflower oil was used in the coating, which may affect storage stability. Due to lipid hydrolysis, free fatty acids may be released, causing rancid off-flavour. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the acid value of lipids and sensory attributes of sweet-coated puffed wheat grains ‘Badyrak vanilla’ (BV) and ‘Badyrak with whey’ (MC) depending on temperature during their eight-month storage. The products were packaged in metallised polypropylene pouches, 30 g each. The acid value was studied monthly at different storage temperatures (20 ± 2 °С and 4 ± 2 °С). In puffed wheat grain products, 65% of fatty acids are polyunsaturated, 25% monounsaturated, and 10% saturated. The high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids over saturated makes oil more susceptible to oxidation. Literature studies and sensory evaluation of puffed wheat grains allowed setting a limiting acid value at 4.0 mg KOH g−1 lipids. The increase in acid value was storage temperature dependent. Thus, the acid value exceeded the established limit in the fifth month for MC and the sixth month for BV when stored at 20 ± 2 °С. At the same time, noticeable changes in puffed wheat grain flavour were observed. The temperature coefficient (Q10) for MC was 2.0, whereas for BV it was 1.5, indicating that the acid value increase in MC was more affected by temperature than that in BV.
Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition in Amaranth Pasta Developed for a Vegan Diet
Authors: Marisheva Alla , Beitane Ilze
Published: September 2023

Consumers’ growing demand for vegan products creates a need for new nutrient-dense products. Amaranth seeds are characterised as a nutritious product due to the content of proteins, fats, etc. Considering the high-quality fats and their amount in amaranth seeds, the aim of this study was to analyse the profile of fatty acids in amaranth pasta which was developed for a vegan diet. Seven samples: amaranth, amaranth-oat, and amaranth-buckwheat pasta in different ratios, were analysed in the study. The preparation of samples for analysis was carried out according to LVS EN ISO 6498:2012; fatty acid composition was determined using the GC/MS analytic method.

The highest total fat content was determined in the amaranth pasta – 5453.62 mg 100 g−1 of product, followed by the amaranth-oat pasta (85%/15%) – 4988.14 mg 100 g−1 of product and amaranth-oat pasta (70%/30%) – 4772.93 mg 100 g−1 of product. In the developed pasta samples, over 70% of total fat was unsaturated fatty acids and more than one-third of total fat was PUFA. The highest PUFA/SFA ratio was determined for amaranthoat pasta (70%/30%), amaranth-buckwheat pasta (85%/15%), and amaranth-buckwheat pasta (70%/30%). Quantitatively, the essential fatty acids were oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid. The triterpene squalene was detected with a probability of 90% in all amaranth, amaranth-oat, and amaranth-buckwheat pasta samples. The developed pasta for a vegan diet contains good-quality fat.
Physicochemical Quality Evaluation of Fresh-Cut Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Packed and Stored in Biodеgradаblе Film
Authors: Augšpole Ingrīda , Sivicka Irina , Muižniece-Brasava Sandra
Published: September 2023

Fresh-cut herbs satisfy consumer demand owing to the convenience of buying them in food shopping malls as quickly accessible products. Food packaging has an important role in the food industry nowadays, because it helps to preserve the quality of fresh-cut food products at the production and sales sites and provides safety during storage. The aim of this research was to evaluate the quality changes of fresh-cut rosemary packed and stored in biodegradable film packaging. Rosemary has been packed in several materials – two biodegradable packaging materials, NatureFlexTM NVS INNOVIA film, Nature Works® PLA P-360 containers with hermetically pressed PLA cap and “breathable” conventional BOPP PropafilmTM P2GAF film. The samples were analysed over time at 0, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 12 days of storage at a temperature of +5 ±1 °C in terms of physicochemical quality: O2 and CO2 concentration, mass loss, pH, content of soluble solids (ºBrix) and tested sensory evaluation. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the cellulose based biodegradable NatureFlexTM NVS INNOVIA film was a good way to prolong the storage time of fresh-cut rosemary and ensure sensory quality and high physiochemical quality during the preservation period.
Organic Milk as Medium for Lactic Acid Bacteria Growth: a Review
Authors: Sabunevica Stefanija , Zagorska Jelena
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the demand for organic fermented dairy products has been growing. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are of major interest in the food industry due to their ability to form the quality and functionality of fermented products. A significantly higher LAB cell count is presented in organic (ORG) fermented products such as yoghurt and kefir, than their conventional (CONV) counterparts. There is still a lack of information on the possible explanation and evidence of ORG milk as a better medium for LAB growth. The aim of the present review is to summarise the results of research articles on the milk compounds and their effect on LAB growth, and to identify differences between ORG and CONV milk that may provide a plausible explanation for their influence on LAB growth in ORG milk. The monographic method was used in this study. According to the previous research, significant differences were established in a content and range of carbohydrates, nitrogen sources, fats, macroelements and microelements, as well bioactive compounds in ORG and CONV milk. The composition of ORG milk may have potential benefits for the development of LAB due to the higher concentration of peptides and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in it.
Interaksi Sosial dan Toleransi di Kampung Juuk Manis di Karangasem Serta Manfaatnya Bagi Kehidupan Masyarakat Multikultur
Authors: Mahyuni Ida Ayu Putu , Asmariati Anak Agung Inten
Published: September 2023

Historically Juuk Manis Village was one of the 12 layers of settlements that surrounded Puri Karangasem as the center of government at that time. Social interaction and tolerance in Juuk Manis and its benefits for multicultural society are the focus of this study. From the results of research in the Karangasem village, especially in Juuk Manis, the population, apart from Balinese ethnicity who are Hindus, also have ethnic Sasak who are Muslims. The problem: First, how is the process of social interaction? Second, what are the forms of social interaction and tolerance and their benefits for the life of a multicultural society? One of the concepts currently being developed is the concept of multiculturalism. The multiculturalism approach is an alternative to preventing conflict in a society that is diverse in ethnicity, culture and religion. The point is the need for compromise and tolerance in diversity. The method used is the historical method, supported by the theory of hegemony. The results of this study show various forms of tolerance and are beneficial to the life of a multicultural society.
Studi Komparatif Onomatope Benda Mati Bahasa Jepang dan Bahasa Jawa
Authors: Santoso Teguh , Gauhar Auliawan Althaf
Published: September 2023

This research is entitled ‘‘Comparative Study of Inanimate Onomatopoeic Studies in Japanese and Javanese Language’’. This study uses a qualitative method with a reference to a comparative study approach. The data used in this study came from various mixed data, including the novel Emas Sumawur, Panjebar Spirit magazine and the Japanese Yonkoma comic. The data collection in this study used a descriptive approach. The descriptive research method used is the study of Sudaryanto

Onomatopoeia in Japanese is divided into two types, namely: giongo (words that imitate the sound of living things or sounds that come out of inanimate objects) and gitaigo (words that directly describe the state of sound). In Javanese, onomatopoeia are words that are formed based on imitation of sounds in the natural surroundings and sounds of certain inanimate objects. In this study, because the number of Japanese onomatopoeia is the highest compared to Javanese, this onomatopoeic research is only limited to words based on imitation of sounds on inanimate objects. In this study, the description of the comparative study used the study of Tarigan, while the onomatopoeic description of inanimate objects used the study of Akimoto (2002) and Mulyani

This study aims to obtain a description of the differences or similarities of onomatopoeic inanimate objects in Japanese and Javanese based on data findings. The results of the research on inanimate objects in Japanese and Javanese, there are 16 data to find out how the differences or similarities of the onomatopoeia are.
Cinta Altruistik pada Tokoh Utama dalam Anime Sword Art Online: Alicization
Authors: Anvaria Shakira Fernata , Puspitasari Diana , Suryadi Yudi
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang altruistik pada tokoh dalam dalam anime Sword Art Online: Alicization dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk afirmatif dan tindakan altruistik yang nampak dalam anime tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan data berupa tangkapan layar, dialog, serta monolog yang menyiratkan altruistik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik simak dan catat. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori cinta altruistik menurut Stephen G. Post. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para tokoh utama menunjukkan bentuk afeksi afirmatifnya melalui (1) kepedulian ketika melihat orang lain membutuhkan dukungan atau jatuh sakit, (2) perbaikan agar orang lain tidak melakukan tindakan kebencian atau tindakan berbahaya, (3) bersimpati dengan orang lain yang mengalami penderitaan akibat ketidakadilan, dan (4) kemurahan hati dalam bertindak untuk kesejahteraan orang lain. Bentuk tindakan altruistiknya yaitu melindungi, menolong, dan menyelamatkan orang lain dengan tujuan untuk memberikan kesejahteraan serta menghilangkan penderitaan orang lain dengan mengorbankan dirinya dan kehilangan nyawa. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa cinta mampu mendorong seseorang untuk melakukan apa saja demi orang yang dicintai, bahkan sampai diungkapkan dalam tindakan altruistik yang mengorbankan dirinya sendiri.
ДО ПОНЯТТЯ «ФЕНОМЕН ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКІВ І ВЗАЄМОВПЛИВІВ МІЖ БРУНО ШУЛЬЦОМ І ГАЛИЧИНОЮ»
Authors: МАТОРІНА Наталя
Published: September 2023

Пропонована розвідка завершує цикл авторських досліджень із проблеми взаємозв’язків і взаємовпливів Галичини як найвідомішого українського прикордонного терену й видатного галицького письменника першої половини ХХ ст. Бруно Шульцом з акцентуванням на тих позиціях, які в той чи той спосіб репрезентують галицько-шульцівські стосунки. Проблема багатоаспектна в усіх конкретних її виявах, діалектика цих стосунків теж різноманітна й неповторна, тож, досліджуючи той чи той аспект творчої діяльності Бруно Шульца, неможливо не враховувати їх. Історію шульцівського літературного (і не лише) дискурсу можна в певний спосіб назвати історією Галичини й навпаки. У статті окреслено точки дотику й перетину Галичини й Бруно Шульца як представника відповідної галицької дійсності; схарактеризовано бінарні номени Галичина ↔ представник галицького пограниччя Бруно Шульц; з’ясовано взаємовпливи між галицькою дійсністю та становленням і розвитком Бруно Шульца як всесвітньовідомого митця. Авторка висновує, що взаємовпливи Галичина ↔ Бруно Шульц є багаторівневими: з одного боку, усю розмаїту спадщину галицького митця Бруно Шульца можна вважати наслідком реальної історії буття й розвитку полікультурного та багатонаціонального галицького регіону, оригінальним надбанням міфотворчості галичан, а з іншого, – значну частку інформації, знань і досвіду мешканців краю можна асоціювати з шульцівським літературним, літературознавчим, мистецьким і перекладацьким дискурсом і використовувати, отже, як джерельну базу досліджень про Галичину. Залучення до подальшого аналізу матеріалу з шульцівських листів, роздумів, статей чи образотворчого дискурсу вможливить доповнення й репрезентацію взаємозв’язків Бруно Шульца з Галичиною, сприймання їх крізь призму багатогранної творчості польськомовного письменника єврейського походження.
Problems of Ensuring Collective Security of the Post-Soviet Space in the Context of International Escalation
Authors: Tsybakov D. L.
Published: September 2023

The relevance of this study lies in the need to study the potential effectiveness of the Collective Security Treaty Organization in the conditions of the world order in the XXI century. The formation of the collective security system of the post-Soviet space was accompanied by a number of crisis processes determined by the post-bipolar era. Based on the results of the review of the activities of the CSTO institutions, the reasons for the insufficient effectiveness of the collective security system in the situation of modern international escalation are determined and further reformatting of the scope of competence and structure of the organization is predicted.
Creating simulation applets to teach statistics
Authors: Kallivokas Dimitrios
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is whether the use of software for simulating concepts of statistics and probability theory during a semester introductory statistics course ensured greater success in the final exam of the course for students who used it, compared to students who used general statistical software. The simulation software used was created for this purpose based on the average level of understanding of the students who attended the course. The students who attended the course were divided into two groups in a way that ensured that the two groups had proportionally about the same level of statistical knowledge, mathematical background, and about the same number of students in terms of origin and gender. One group used simulation software throughout the semester, while the other used general statistical software. The simulation software used in this survey was created for this purpose based on the average level of understanding of the students who attended the course. At the end of the semester after the final exam, various factors were considered and students' final exam performance (success rates), were compared based on these factors. It appeared that success in the final exam when it comes to similar populations as the two groups of students who attended the course has a strong dependence on the factor of using simulation software.
Treatment of ovarian cyst after clomiphene citrate ovulationinduction
Authors: Mahmood Yaseen Enas
Published: September 2023

Infertility is a commen problem around the world . About one in six of all couples have some problem in getting pregnant and that includes some trying for a second or subsequent baby!) . The most common causes of it is ovulation defects and the famous treatment of this cause is by ovulation induction drugs especially clomiphene citrate which used for long period , but this treatment is not without side effects and one of the side effects is ovarian cyst . The aim of this study is to assess the effect of oral contraceptive pills , provera tablets (medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets) and expectant management in the resolution of ovarian cysts induced by clomiphene citrate ovulation induction Study design : a prospective randomized study Setting: patients complained of ovarian cyst more than 2.5 mm were diagnosed by ultrasound

after clomiphene citrate ovulation induction and randomized into 3 groups . Group ( !) received oral contraception , group ( 2) received oral progesterone tablets treatment and group ( 3) had expectant management. Follow up of patients were done monthly by ultrasound

and resolution of cyst was observed as a main out come measure .
Serum immunoglobulin levels in children with acute bacterialmeningitis
Authors: M, Khalaf Mus’ab
Published: September 2023

To assess serum level of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) in children with acute bacterial meningitis before therapy and at the end of intensive antibiotic therapy and in COMparison 1 heallity age aiid scx mittchicd vonirsls. Out of 37 vases adinived ta Thi-Als Atheer pediatric hospital (Mosul city) between January 2005 and July 2007, 29 cases proved to be a case of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Two died during the follow up period and 27 completed the study. Also included 30 apparently healthy age and sex matched subjects taken as control group. Initially from both group (patients and control) Sml venous blood samples were taken and assay of serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) were done by single radial immunodiffusion method using commercial kits. After two weeks of intensive antibiotic therapy another blood samples were taken from the patients and assay of serum immunoglobulin levels were done using the same method and the same commercial kits. Initially before therapy there was a significant reduction in all immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM) in children with acute bacterial meningitis in comparison to controls. After 2 weeks of intensive antibiotic therapy, there was no significant difference in the mean serum immunoglobulin levels between the patients and controls. Acute bacterial meningitis as a disease and the intensive antibiotic therapy do affect the humoral immune response as reflected by the serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM).
Effect of ciprofloxacin on the articular cartilage in albinomice
Authors: Abdulhameed Buthayna
Published: September 2023

The present study was conducted to clarify the histological effect of ciprofloxacin, on albino mice articular cartilage. The study conducted 30 neonate mice divided into 3 groups, 2 groups were administrated using 100 and 500 mgkg B.W.day for 30 days oral dose of ciprofloxacin. The last group was the control. After that the joint were fixed for histological studies. Histological changes were observed in the joints chondrocyte loss, matrix degeneration, and erosion of the articular cartilage.
Pharmacoepidemiological study of self-medication in adultsattending pharmacies in Tikrit city, Iraq
Authors: Abdul Khalk Yehea Al-Handhl Ban
Published: September 2023

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the extent and pattern of self medication among adults, to identify their knowledge and practice concerning the purchased drug sand lo calculate prescribing and purchaser care indicators, Following. WHO methods, 30 pharmacies were randomly selected from Tikrit city, Iraq. Of 1000 clients interviewed al these pharmacies, 811 (81.1%) purchased self-medication; the commonest reason given was a belief thal the condition was minor. The most frequently dispensed drugs were those for the respiratory system, The mean number of drugs per encounter was 1.10, mean cost 1500 ID, and mean dispensing time 2.53 minutes. Purchasers’ knowledge and practice regarding the purchased drugs were poor.