bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of artichoke pulp and probiotic preparation in the composition of complete granular feed for rabbits
Authors: Derkanosova A. A. , Kurchaeva E. E. , Vostroilov A. V. , Zvyagin R. N. , Zvyagin A. N. , Maksimov I. V.
Published: September 2021

The aim of the work is the scientific and practical substantiation rabbits productivity increasing while using Jerusalem artichoke pulp and the probiotic complex "Sporothermin" in the composition of biologically valuable compound feed. The introduction of intensive breeding technologies in the rabbit breeding industry, as well as an increase in the number of livestock, led to a significant increase in the technogenic and microbiological load on the rabbits' body, which in turn causes disruption of digestion, metabolism, a decrease in productivity and the occurrence of intestinal infections. The solution to this problem can be innovative developments on the application of herbal supplements and probiotic complexes in feed rations. They help to improve the bioavailability of nutrients in compound feed and increase the safety of livestock without the use of antibiotics for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The influence of the probiotic additive "Sporothermin" together with Jerusalem artichoke pulp on the safety, productivity, physiological status and chemical composition of rabbit meat was studied in the work. 30 rabbits aged 45 days were selected to study the effect of probiotic complexes - Jerusalem artichoke pulp. The control group of rabbits received the main diet, consisting of compound feed PK-90, the rabbits of the experimental groups received compound feed PK-90, which included the probiotic complex "Sporothermin" (0.6 g / kg and 1.0 g / kg) - Jerusalem artichoke pulp 10% by weight of compound feed. The analysis of the chemical composition of muscle tissue showed that the application of the probiotic preparation "Sporothermin" at a dosage of 1.0 g / kg and Jerusalem artichoke pulp at a dosage of 10% to the mass of compound feed increases the average daily gains and, as a result, meat productivity, improves the balance of the chemical composition. This is confirmed by the approbation of the data obtained in the industrial complex of Lipetsk Rabbit LLC and the assessment of the physicochemical, functional, technological and organoleptic characteristics of the raw meat obtained.
Half-dried fish with improved properties
Authors: Lyzhin E. V. , Grohovskiy V. A. , Ershov M. A. , Dubrovin S. Y. , Dubrovina S. S.
Published: September 2021

A study of consumer preferences for dried and half-dried fish products among respondents regularly visiting large retail sites in the city of Murmansk was conducted. It was found that more than two-thirds of respondents prefer to purchase high-quality dried and half-dried fish products; the weight of the purchased package of this product does not have a significant value. Sensory evaluation of extracts of 16 phytoproducts was carried out and the following highest-scoring ones were selected: chamomile flowers; golden mustache; linden flowers and sand immortelle flowers. Experiments of salting Atlantic salmon fillets and cod fillets in a weak saline solution with phytoextract for 12-96 hours were carried out; the ratio of fish, saline solution and aqueous extract of phytoproducts were 1:1:0.01. The most acceptable duration of weak finished salting is established not to be exceeding 48 hours. Experiments on drying the semi-finished product were carried out to establish the quality characteristics and the maximum duration of dehydration of the dried and half-dried fish product. Studies of the dehydrated product carried out every 4 hours by the sensory evaluations, the content and activity of water Aw established the most acceptable drying time, not exceeding 36 hours. Studies of dried fish products were carried out every 20 days according to organoleptic, chemical and microbiological parameters during the 80-day storage period. An acceptable storage period (shelf life) at the temperature of 0 - minus 5  ? of dried and half-dried vacuumed fish has been established to be of two months. Based on the results of the experiments, the technical specifications and technological instructions for the production of a new type of dried and half-dried formed fish with improved properties were developed.
Study of the influence of apple pomace and rice flour on the quality factors of wheat bread
Authors: Zaikina M. A. , Kovaleva A. E. , Pyanikova E. A. , Ovchinnikova E. V. , Kobchenko S. N. , Tkacheva E. D.
Published: September 2021

One of the promising directions in baking at present is the replacement of wheat flour in the production of bread and bakery products with other types of raw materials. A study of the influence of secondary apple raw materials (frozen apple pomace) on the organoleptic (shape, surface, colour, bakedness, mix, porosity, taste, smell) and physicochemical indicators of the quality of the developed bread samples was carried out. The prototype was a unified wheat bread recipe. In this recipe, part of the wheat flour was replaced with rice: in bread sample No. 1 - 25% rice flour; in sample No. 2 - 12.5% ??rice flour. Also the sugar provided by the standard recipe was replaced by 10% of frozen apple pomace. The amount of other ingredients in the recipe remained unchanged. The quality indicators of baked bread samples were examined using organoleptic and physicochemical methods. Organoleptic assessment was carried out using a five-point scale for assessing the quality of bread. According to the results of the study of the organoleptic indicators of the quality of the developed samples of bread, it was found that they exceeded the control sample. In this case, the sample with fresh frozen apple pomace and rice flour in the amount of 12.5% turned out to be the best. A sample of bread with freshly frozen apple pomace and 25% rice flour was inferior to it only in porosity (the presence of small voids). In terms of physical and chemical indicators, all samples of wheat bread with the addition of apple raw materials and rice flour, as well as the control one, met the requirements of regulatory documents. It has been experimentally established that apple pomace affects the increase in the content of iron and phosphorus in bread. Pre-soaking the pomace in an oil-water emulsion improved the rheological properties of the dough and the porosity of the finished product.
Obtaining and research of aluminosilicate sorbent
Authors: Kuznetsova I. V. , Getmanskaya M. V. , Chernenko S. S.
Published: September 2021

A technological scheme for the synthesis of an aluminosilicate sorbent in laboratory conditions using clay from the Semilukskoye deposit has been developed. When the sorbent sample is heated in the range of 30-225 ° C, a loss of free moisture occurs, in the temperature range of 405-550 ° C, bound water begins to evaporate and decomposition of organic substances occurs. The sorption of sodium sulfide by the sorbent surface has been studied. The constants ? and n are determined in the Freundlich equation A = 1.38 ? C1.19. Formed specific surface area S = 12.8 m2 / g. A comparative study of the acid-base properties of the surface of the synthesized aluminosilicate sorbent and diatomite Celite 545 60/80 MESH by the indicator method has been carried out. The adsorption on the acid-base centers of the synthesized aluminosilicate sorbent surface is higher than the adsorption on the diatomite surface. On the surface of the synthesized aluminosilicate sorbent, there are both acidic (pK = 1.7; 3.46) and basic (pK = 18.8; 9.2) Bronsted centers The pore volume of the synthesized aluminosilicate sorbent corresponds to 0.25 cm3 / g. This value is less than the pore volume of diatomite 1.86 cm3 / g.
Comparative analysis of brand management strategies
Authors: Lyashchuk Y. O. , Platonova O. V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of the analysis of three main strategies included in the brand management system. Brand management involves the development of a long-term plan that describes in detail the formation of strategic images and brand image, the expected dynamics of its brand development, and the response to changes in the external environment, market and consumer perceptions. Management strategies are used to achieve key brand development goals. First of all, branded products must be unique and differ favorably from competitors' products, which today is quite difficult in the context of globalization. Strategic brand management allows you to solve this problem by analyzing the market situation and using unusual methods to attract the attention of consumers. In order to increase the value of the product, it is necessary to build an emotional and trusting connection with the contact audience. A finely built emotional connection allows you to find a client who is not only suitable for the product, but also who will recommend it to his closest environment. When branding creates an emotional connection with customers, it allows you to increase market share, get more value for money, and grow your brand. In the face of tough competition in today's markets, it is very difficult for new brands to occupy a profitable niche. But it is worth remembering that the promoted brands gained popularity thanks to certain strategies that will be very effective today. Brand management includes three, interconnected in a single complex, strategies: brand promotion strategy, brand advertising strategy and brand positioning strategy. Many businesses and organizations, while recognizing the value and positive impact of a strong brand on sales, are rather vague about their brand strategy and future development. It is worth remembering that strategic brand management is necessary not only when a new brand is being created, but also in those cases when it is necessary to revive or renew an existing trademark.
Divergent approach in process-oriented HR controlling
Authors: Endovitskaya E. B.
Published: September 2021

Currently, new and updated tools for controlling personnel as specific methods of personnel management are being used with varying degrees of success. The subject of the research is the essential aspects and content features of management relations that develop during the formation and development of controlling personnel of processing organizations. The purpose of the research is to provide theoretical justification and instrumental support for the processes of personnel controlling based on the use of the advantages of the divergent approach for the full use of the creative component of management decisions. The methodological basis of the research is the methods that reveal the logic of the presentation: General scientific – dialectics (deductive, inductive), system; private scientific – historical, matrix, comparison. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of provisions aimed at substantiating the conditions that contribute to the formation of divergent thinking in solving managerial control tasks of the organization with the tools of personnel controlling. In contrast to the existing functional approaches, it is recommended to apply a process-oriented approach to personnel control, which contributes to the implementation of synergy and emergence in the course of displaying the creativity of human capital to ensure the competitiveness of a developing processing organization.
The process of innovative development of an enterprise in the region
Authors: Zhitinskaya L. O. , Lutchenko V. G. , Khorev A. I. , Parshin N. M. , Bekkiev A. Y. , Ionov S. V.
Published: September 2021

When entering the integrated structure of a subsidiary, it is obliged to comply with the established regulations for building the process of innovative development established in this structure. In the considered real subsidiary, innovative development should be developed in accordance with the following documents: an innovative development program for 5 years, a medium-term innovative development program for 3 years, a diversification strategy for 5 years and a business development strategy for 5 years. The main goal of the innovative development of any enterprise should be to ensure high competitive advantages of the enterprise by purposefully adapting internal resources to new areas of activity and introducing new technological developments, building an infrastructure for the development and production of new innovative products and services. The management system for the implementation of the process of innovative development at the enterprise provides for planning in innovative development programs activities for R&D both for civilian and defense products, and strategies provide methods and ways of their implementation. One of the main issues in the process of forming the innovative development of an enterprise is the formation of an innovative infrastructure, which is a complex of interrelated structures, resources and means that serve and ensure the introduction of innovations and the implementation of innovative processes. One of the most important problems that currently have to be solved by enterprises implementing innovative processes is the staffing of this process. It makes no sense to count on success in the innovative development of an enterprise if it does not have experienced managers and a sufficient number of specialists with the necessary knowledge and intellectual capital. Thus, carrying out innovative transformations at an enterprise is a rather risky business and therefore such an enterprise needs managers who are able to clearly understand the inevitability of an innovative path of development and the willingness to implement it.
State regulations the market of fertilizers in Russia
Authors: Ryzhkova S. M. , Kruchinina V. M.
Published: September 2021

The international fertilizer market developing dynamically. Domestic producers of fertilizers are not only the largest exporters of these products to world markets, but also almost completely meet the demand in the domestic market. Following the provisions of sustainable development, the state regulation of the fertilizer market should determine and guarantee the safety of the production, transportation, storage and use of fertilizers for both humans and the environment. The purpose of the study is to study and systematize a set of regulatory documents regulating the market of fertilizers, taking into account the domestic and foreign trade interests of Russia, comparing domestic and foreign legislation on the studied problem. For this purpose, classical methods and economic methods of research were chosen: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction. The law of direct action regulating the turnover of fertilizers has not been adopted in Russia, although such laws are applied in a number of countries, and they are aimed at regulating the chain of passage of fertilizers from the producer to the consumer. The structure of Russian fertilizer legislation is not linear. At the same time, the Russian system of state regulation of fertilizer turnover includes numerous and diverse regulatory and legal acts, including international ones. The analysis of the existing regulatory documents on the regulation of the fertilizer market revealed the need to harmonize legislation in terms of an integrated approach and taking into account intersectoral features: the agricultural sector unites both large and small, and medium-sized participants, while the production of fertilizers is monopolized. The development of the domestic fertilizer market is constrained by the multi-vector standards laid down in the development strategies of the agricultural sector and the chemical industry. The state policy of fertilizer circulation is characterized by inconsistency and incoherent sectoral legislation, the lack of necessary coordination of the regulation of the fertilizer market with the needs of domestic agriculture. It is necessary to introduce the concepts of new types of fertilizers in the national standards in the near future, as well as to launch public-private partnership mechanisms to saturate the domestic market with new innovative fertilizers.
Criteria-based assessment of innovative developments
Authors: Stepanova Y. N.
Published: September 2021

The complexity of innovation processes is associated with a high level of uncertainty in the results of bringing innovations to the market and their commercialization. The key task in the innovative development of business entities is the preventive assessment of innovations and the selection of the most promising for the implementation of innovative developments. This circumstance requires research and detailed elaboration of the methodological apparatus for assessing innovative developments. Purpose of the work: to carry out a criterion assessment of promising for the implementation of innovative developments, the transfer of which will provide a high level of return on investment, and will lead to an increase in the innovative activity of business entities. Research object: innovative developments (creation of our own, acquisition, copying). The proposed assessment of innovative development is based on the calculation of two criteria: payback period and versatility. The choice of the "payback period" criterion is based on two aspects. First of all, it determines the period for which the invested funds will be returned to the investor and determines the "profitability" of investments in innovative developments, since its calculation is directly related to cost and profit indicators. Evaluation of the quality indicators of the criterion "universality": novelty, inventive step, applicability, compliance with standards, the presence of competitors in the market is carried out by a point method with the help of experts. The results of the assessment reflect the recommendations on the effectiveness of the implementation of innovative developments, complement the overall assessment of innovative activities, in terms of including in the cost of new products the costs of creating an innovative development from a model within the framework of R&D, for the development of production and other possible costs associated with bringing the innovative development to use in production and commercialization.
Influence of technological modes on changes in the composition of beet pulp during its processing at the Borinsky sugar plant
Authors: Zobova S. N. , Ostrikov A. N. , Frolova L. N. , Kopylov M. V. , Bogomolov I. S.
Published: September 2021

The description of the technological scheme of the granulation site at the Borinsky sugar plant is given, with an analysis of the work of the main types of technological equipment to identify problem areas of production. It is established that the use of such a promising press as the one of the Babbinni company allows you to get pulp with a humidity of 68-76 %. To dry it in a drum dryer to a humidity of 11–13%, 170 m3 of natural gas is consumed per 1 ton of pulp. The technological process of obtaining granulated beet pulp includes pressing the initial beet pulp with an initial humidity of 85–90% to a humidity of 68–76 %; drying the pressed pulp with a heat carrier at a temperature of 110–140 °C for 90–120 minutes to a final humidity of 11–13 %; cleaning pellets from metal-magnetic impurities; granulating the pulp (the diameter of the pellets is 10 mm); cooling pellets to a temperature of 30–35 °C; fractionation of pellets into large and small fractions; weighing and shipping granulated beet pulp to the warehouse of finished products. The technological modes influence analysis of beet pulp pressing, drying and granulating processes at the Borinsky sugar plant showed the need to introduce a second stage of pressing to further reduce the moisture content in the pressed pulp. Obtaining pressed pulp with a lower moisture content will significantly reduce the energy consumption for moisture evaporation in the drum dryer. Reducing the duration of the heat drying process of pressed beet pulp in a drum dryer will significantly increase the nutritional value of the granulated beet pulp produced.
Optimization of the soybean oil production process
Authors: Zheltoukhova E. Y. , Kleimenova N. L. , Bolgova M. A. , Lesnyak M. A. , Tronza P. A.
Published: September 2021

The technology of direct extraction with nephras followed by the further miscella purification from the solvent and acid hydration (citric acid) is used to produce soybean oil. The miscella is cleared of solvent by passing through a range of heat exchangers and distillers. The final distillation unit is a 2-stage distillation apparatus operating at approximately absolute 400 mbar . A significant drawback of these installations is the irrational use of steam and its heat, the possibility of the finished product overheating and its quality deterioration, the process low speed, complex design and maintenance. To intensify the process of solvent evaporation from the miscella film in the structure of the troughs in the film chamber, it is advisable to install cylindrical or slotted holes through which free falling jets of miscella are formed sequentially from the overlying loop of the trough to the plane of the underlying one. In this case, the miscella film moving along the chute has a certain hydrodynamic instability at the points of flow and the fall of the jet on the plane of the chute. Directly in the jet, the liquid, as a rule, is turbulized, and there is no laminar film. This technique significantly intensifies the distillation process. An aeration system for supplying live steam, represented by a tubular bubbler, should be installed for intensification as well. The use of tubular aerators makes it possible to achieve an increase in the ratio of the aerated area to the total area of ??the section with the use of a smaller number of aeration elements and a reduction in the length of the pipelines (by 4 times on average ). As a result, the time and cost of installation are reduced significantly.
Improving the massecuite crystallization in sugar production
Authors: Kulneva N. G. , Fedoruk V. A. , Matvienko N. A. , Ponomareva E. M.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the concepts of continuous vacuum apparatus operation: vertical VKT (VKT – Verdampfungs-Kristallisations-Turm) and horizontal cascade of VKH vacuum apparatus (VKH —horizontal vacuum pan) from BMA (Germany). The advantages and features of the vertical continuous vacuum apparatus VKT are shown, as well as the possibilities for increasing the efficiency of the product department of sugar factories. Thanks to the special design of the crystallization chambers, the low massecuite level above the heating chamber and the use of mechanical stirrers in each chamber, the VKT apparatus can operate without difficulty with a very small temperature difference between heating steam and massecuite, as well as with an absolute heating steam pressure well below 1 bar. With optimal use of VKT vacuum apparatus, a variety of energy-saving schemes can be implemented, for example, double-effect evaporation in the crystallization section. Part of the secondary crystallization steam is used to heat one of the VKT units, which saves the heating steam of the evaporator unit used for this purpose. With an increase in the productivity of the sugar factory, it is possible to quickly equip the VKT apparatus with an additional chamber. The device works continuously throughout the season, especially with products with massecuite purity of more than 94%. The chambers are cleaned without stopping the entire apparatus. The boiling of massecuite of all stages of crystallization in VKT devices ensures a uniform operating mode of the food compartment, allows to achieve an increase in sugar yield and helps to reduce steam consumption at the plant.
Boundary characteristics of meromorphic functions with summable spherical derivation and annular functions. Consideration
Authors: Pavićević Žarko , Gavrilov Valerian Ivanovich
Published: September 2021

In this paper we formulate classical theorems Plesner and Meyer on the boundary behavior of meromorphic functions and their refinement and strengthening - Gavrilov's and Kanatnikov's theorems. An application of these theorems to classes of meromorphic functions with integrable spherical derivative and annular holomorphic functions is presented. Collingwood's theorem on boundary singularities of the Tsuji function as well as Kanatnikov's theorems are formulated. Kanatnikov's theorems strengthen and generalize Collingwood's theorem to broader classes of meromorphic functions with summable spherical derivatives. Special attention is paid to the boundary properties of annular holomorphic functions. The behavior of annular holomorphic functions on the boundary of the unit circle is considered. It is shown that Gavrilov's P-sequences play an important role in the study of the boundary properties of holomorphic and meromorphic functions.
Factor generalized BE-semigroups through deductive systems
Authors: Saleem Sadaf , Hussain Fawad , Davvaz Bijan , Rahim Mohammad Tariq
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we investigate some properties of homomorphisms and deductive systems of generalized BE-semigroups. In particular, we show that through every deductive system, we may get factor generalized BE-semigroup.
Electron scattering cross-sections for particle transport modeling in a weakly ionized air plasma
Authors: Zakharov Vasily Sergeevich , Zhukovskiy Mikhail Evgenievich , Zakharov Sergey Vasilievich , Markov Mikhail Borisovich
Published: September 2021

Data on processes of electron scattering on ions and neutral atoms are required in fundamental studies and in applied research in such fields as astro- and laser physics, low density plasma simulations, kinetic modeling etc. Experimental and computational data on elastic and inelastic electron scattering in a wide range of electron energies is available mostly for the electron interaction with neutral atoms, but are very limited for the scattering on ions, notably for elastic processes. In present work the calculational approaches for the cross-section computation of electron elastic and inelastic scattering on neutral atoms and ions are considered. The atomic and ion properties obtained in quantum-statistical Hartree-Fock-Slater model are used in the direct computation of electron elastic scattering and ionization cross-sections by a partial waves method, semiclassical and distorted-wave approximations. Calculated cross-sections for elastic scattering on nitrogen and oxygen atoms and ions, and electron ionisation cross-sections are compared with the available experimental data and widely used approximations and propose consistent results. Considering applicability of Hartree-Fock-Slater model in wide scope of temperatures and densities, such approach to the cross-section calculation can be used in a broad range of energies and ion charges.
Stable, intense 1 kHz supercontinuum light generation in air
Authors: Liu Yaoxiang , Yin Fukang , Wang Tie Jun , Guo Hao , Chen Na , Zhang Xuan , Sun Haiyi , Leng Yuxin , Li Ruxin , Xu Zhizhan , Chin See Leang
Published: September 2021

Supercontinuum (SC) light source has advanced ultrafast laser spectroscopy in condensed matter science, biology, physics, and chemistry. Compared to the frequently used photonic crystal fibers and bulk materials, femtosecond laser filamentation in gases is damage-immune for supercontinuum generation. A bottleneck problem is the strong jitters from filament induced self-heating at kHz repetition rate level. We demonstrated stable kHz supercontinuum generation directly in air with multiple mJ level pulse energy. This was achieved by applying an external DC electric field to the air plasma filament. Both pointing and intensity jitters of the 1 kHz air filament induced SC light were reduced by more than 2 fold. This offers the opportunity for stable intense SC generation and other laser filament based applications in air.
In Situ Gene Therapy Rescues Doxorubicin-induced Ovarian Damage via Adenovirus Mediated Sirt1 and Tgfbr2
Authors: Ma Lingwei , Lu Huan , Feng Yanzhi , Li Yan , Zhou Su , Wu Meng , Cui Peng-Fei , Zhang Jinjin , Wang Shixuan
Published: September 2021

Chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage and fertility loss have negative impacts on the quality of life for female cancer patients worldwide. Thus, we aimed to explore the feasibility and safety of gene therapy for prevention of such damage. First, we validated doxorubicin-induced ovarian damage in human and mouse ovarian tissues and identified two key genes (Sirt1 and Tgfbr2). Next, we generated AdV-Sirt1 and AdV-Tgfbr2 after vectors screening (AdV,AAV and LV) for their ability to transduce mouse ovaries. Finally, we conducted in situ ovarian injection of AdV-Sirt1 and AdV-Tgfbr2 in doxorubicin-treated mice and assessed their ovarian functions and reserves. The interventions dramatically alleviated doxorubicin-induced ovarian damage without apparently influencing the health status of their offspring. Together, our results indicate that AdV-Sirt1 and AdV-Tgfbr2 can serve as effective and safe agents for reducing doxorubicin-induced ovarian damage and also suggest that they may be potentially applicable for post-chemotherapy protection in female cancer patients.
Geochemical Investigation of Cassiterite At Bisichi (Kara II) And Kuru-Jentar, Plateau State, Nigeria Using X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis (xrf).
Authors: Ebikemefa Clinton Ebimobowei , Mallo Stephen J. , Aluwong Caleb K. , Basu Martins
Published: September 2021

Background: Artisanal Mining of Cassiterite at Bisichi (Kara II) and Kuru-Jentar is a very tedious activity that is carried out by artisanal miners. It involves the use of primitive tools like digger, spade, shovel and to mention a few. Most of the artisanal mining activity in the study area is done with no prior knowledge about the geochemical constituent of the mineral deposit in the area but in order to solve the above stated problem, a geochemical analysis was conducted on the obtained samples of cassiterite from the study area and a geologic map of the mining pit was digitized using Ilwis 3.1 academic and Surfer 12. Result: A random sampling method was used to obtain ten (10) samples of cassiterite from the various visited pit at the study area with each weighing 10g. A laboratory analysis was also conducted using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis which shows that samples from Pit 1 to Pit 5 in the mine site at Kuru-Jentar has 44.45% - 44.9% of Tin (Sn) and 7.86% - 9.00% of Iron (II) oxide (Fe2O3) while samples from Pit 5 to Pit 10 in the mine site at Bisichi (Kara II) has 28.2% - 32.2 % of Tin (Sn) and 15.57% - 16.67% of Iron II oxide (Fe2O3). Conclusively, an understanding of the geochemical constituent of a mineral deposit within a given study area would help increase the knowledge of miners and also attract interested investors.
Droplet lift-off from hydrophobic surfaces from impact with soft-hydrogel spheres
Authors: Rabbi Rafsan , Kiyama Akihito , Allen John , Truscott Tadd
Published: September 2021

Droplet impacts on superhydrophobic surfaces may result in complete bouncing, with the absence of contact hysteresis and viscous dissipation leading the droplet to fully rebound off the surface. This rebound usually happens in the retraction phase, when the droplet retracts back after reaching a maximum spread diameter. Here, we present experimental evidence of a novel bouncing phenomenon where a sessile droplet on a hydrophobic surface bounces off the surface in its spreading phase when a soft deformable hydrogel sphere axisymmetrically impacts the droplet. We term this as 'Lift-Off' and propose a simple force balance based on the deformation characteristics of the hydrogel sphere to explain the out-of-plane jump of the droplet during spreading. We observe three different impact regimes, and propose their dependency on a modified elastic 'Mach' number (Ma*) with (Ma*)=0.2 corresponding to the onset of lift-off. We also report on the unique acoustic signatures of lift-off cases, associated with the capture of air-bubbles through the air-borne retracting droplet rim. Concerning the novel lift-off results, this work may have potential applications for drainage and surface cleaning, non-stick surface coating, industrial mixing and plant disease spreading.
Consumption of combined fructose and sucrose diet exacerbates oxidative stress, hypertrophy and CaMKIIδ oxidation in hearts from rats with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Arias-Chávez David Julian , Mailloux-Salinas Patrick , Altamirano Julio , Huang Fengyang , Gómez-Viquez Norma Leticia , Bravo Guadalupe
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its cardiac comorbidities as cardiac hypertrophy (CH) have increased considerably due to the high consumption of carbohydrates, such as sucrose and/or fructose. We compared the effects of sucrose (S), fructose (F) and their combination (S + F) on the development of MetS in weaned male Wistar rats and established the relationship between the consumption of these sugars and the degree of cardiac CH development, oxidative stress (OS) and Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta oxidation (ox-CaMKIIδ). 12 weeks after the beginning of treatments with S, F or S + F, arterial pressure (AP) was measured and 8 weeks later (to complete 20 weeks) the animals were sacrificed and blood samples, visceral adipose tissue and hearts were obtained. Biochemical parameters were determined in serum and cardiac tissue to evaluate the development of MetS and OS. To evaluate CH, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), CaMKIIδ and ox-CaMKIIδ were determined by western blot and histological studies were performed in cardiac tissue. Our data showed that chronic consumption of S + F exacerbates MetS-induced CH which is related with a higher OS and ox-CaMKIIδ.
Highly-efficient RuNi single-atom alloy catalysts toward chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes
Authors: Liu Wei , Yang Yusen , Feng Haisong , Niu Yiming , Wang Lei , Yin Pan , Hong Song , Zhang Bingsen , Zhang Xin , Wei Min
Published: September 2021

The design and exploitation of high-performance catalysts as well as understanding the structure-property correlation have gained considerable attention in selective hydrogenation reactions, but remain a huge challenge. Herein, we report a RuNi single atom alloy (SAA) in which Ru single atoms are anchored onto Ni nanoparticle surface via Ru–Ni coordination accompanied with electron transfer from sub-surface Ni to Ru. The optimal catalyst 0.4% RuNi SAA exhibits simultaneously improved activity (TOF value: 4293 h− 1) and chemoselectivity toward selective hydrogenation of 4-nitrostyrene to 4-aminostyrene (yield: >99%), which is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest level compared with reported heterogeneous catalysts. In situ experimental researches based on XAFS, FT-IR measurements and theoretical calculations reveal that the Ru–Ni interfacial sites as intrinsic active centers facilitate the preferential cleavage of N–O bond in nitro group with a decreased energy barrier by 0.35 eV. In addition, the Ru–Ni synergistic catalysis promotes the formation of intermediates (C8H7NO* and C8H7NOH*) and accelerates the rate-determining step (hydrogenation of C8H7NOH*), resulting in the extraordinary activity and chemoselectivity toward nitroarenes hydrogenation.
Nanofibrillated celluloses for the performance improvement of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites
Authors: Liang Long , Zhang Xin , Liu Qiaoling , Li Xiurong
Published: September 2021

This study explored the effect of nanofibrillated celluloses (CNF), namely 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.15% of binders weight, on the hydration, rheology, pore structure, and mechanical properties of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites (UHDCC). The hydration kinetics were conducted with different CNF contents using isothermal calorimetry (IC), showing a retardation effect of CNF on the early hydration of UHDCC matrices at 70 h due to the absorption of CNF on the surface of cement particles. Then, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that CNF improved the degree of hydration at 28 days due to the formation of the CNF transport of water into unhydrated cement cores. The two rheological parameters, namely the yield stress and plastic viscosity, of the fresh UHDCC matrices increased with the increasing CNF contents. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis, as a non-destructive method, proved that the addition of CNF could reduce the porosity of UHDCC and refine its pore size distribution, and the 8.9–46.1% enhancement in the compressive strength of corresponding specimens was found. Notably, CNF could increase the tensile initial cracking stress by 91.2% and tensile stress by 30.8% of UHDCC, and maintain or increase its over 8% of tensile strain-hardening capacity. The flexural tests also were found a 54.6% increase in the initial stress and a 14.8% increase in the peak stress. As a preliminary, CNF shows crucial promising as a greener nanomaterial to improve the strength and ductility of UHDCC.
Numerical analysis on a novel CGPFs for improve NOx conversion efficiency and particulate combustion efficiency to reduce exhaust pollutant emission
Authors: Xie Yong , Zuo Qingsong , Guan Qingwu , Wei Kexiang , Zhang Bin
Published: September 2021

Improving the NOx conversion efficiency and particulate combustion efficiency under cold start conditions (low temperature conditions) is still the main challenge faced by catalytic gasoline particulate filter system (CGPFs). In this study, the physical and mathematical models of novel CGPFs are proposed based on the computational fluid dynamics software. Then, the models are validated based on experiments, and the performances of conventional and novel CGPFs are analyzed comparatively. The comparison conclusions indicate that the NOx conversion efficiency of the novel CGPFs increases by 3.2% and the particulate combustion efficiency increases by 2.7% under the same operating condition. Finally, the effects of exhaust flow vf, exhaust oxygen concentration Co, exhaust NO concentration CNO and electric heating power Pe on the NOx conversion efficiency and particulate combustion efficiency are investigated. The weights of each influencing parameter on the NOx conversion efficiency and particulate combustion efficiency are explored by orthogonal tests. The conclusions show that the NOx conversion efficiency is increased by 3.6% and the particulate combustion efficiency is increased by 16.7% compared to the initial condition. This study has an important reference value for improving the purification efficiency of vehicle emission under cold start conditions.
Dual functions of methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate monomer with de- and re- mineralizing ability
Authors: Zheng Haiyan , Shi Ying , Bi Ling , Zhang Zhixin , Zhou Zihuai , Shao Changyu , Cui Dezhi , Cheng Xiamin , Tang Ruikang , Pan Haihua , Wu Zhifang , Fu Baiping
Published: September 2021

Background

Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) is one of the most commonly used acidic functional monomers in dentin adhesives. MDP has been speculated to induce mineralization, but there has been no convincing evidence of its ability to induce intrafibrillar mineralization. Polymers play a critical role in biomimetic mineralization as the stabilizers/inducers of amorphous precursors. Hence, MDP-induced biomimetic mineralization without the addition of polymers has not been fully verified or elucidated.
Results

MDP-collagen fibrils were heavily mineralized after 48 h. Amphiphilic MDP can not only demineralize dentin (0.5-1 µm) but also induce remineralization of demineralized dentin at 28 days without polymer additives. By combining three-dimensional stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (3D-STORM), surface zeta potentials, contact angle measurements, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with circular dichroism, we show that amphiphilic MDP can not only demineralize dentin by releasing protons but also infiltrate collagen fibrils, including dentin collagen, break hydrogen bonds between polypeptides, unwind the triple helical structure and finally immobilize collagen by the formation of chemical bonds. MDP-bound collagen functions as huge collagenous phosphoprotein (HCPP) unlike chemical phosphorylation modifications. HCPP can induce biomimetic mineralization itself without polymer additives by alternatively attracting calcium and phosphate through electrostatic attraction.
Conclusions

We herein propose the dual functions of amphiphilic MDP monomer with de- and re-mineralizing ability. MDP in the free state can demineralize dentin substrates by releasing protons, whereas MDP in the collagen-bound state as HCPP can induce intrafibrillar mineralization. The dual functions of MDP monomer with de- and re-mineralization properties might create new epochs in adhesive dentistry and preventive dentistry.
Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the community structure and metabolic pathways of A2O process at Plateau environment
Authors: Yongchen Zong , Qiang He , Mingzhe Guo , Junhao You , Dongyan Zhang
Published: September 2021

Water treatment ecosystem provides important habitats for various bacterial communities. However, the response mechanism of this ecosystem under ultraviolet rays is not yet clear. In the study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing is used to study the bacterial community structure and metabolic pathways under 5 samples of ultraviolet irradiation times. In general, the bacterial communities of the five samples are different, which indicates that the ultraviolet radiation time has an impact on the bacterial community structure. Analysis of driving factors shows that UV, COD, pH, TN and NH3-N have an impact on the relative abundance of key species. Key species under ultraviolet irradiation are Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Chlamydiae, accounting for 96.69%ཞ98.30%, and ultraviolet irradiation has a significant inhibitory effect on the relative abundance. As the dominant bacterial phyla in Plateau environment, Chlamydiae is discovered for the first time. The network co-occurrence diagrams constructed under different ultraviolet radiation show that each sample is composed of three independent network diagrams. There are 6 common dominant phyla and 33 common dominant bacterial genera in each sample, which reveals that the structure of the ecosystem is composed of more similar microorganisms, rather than random phenomena. It also reflects the competitive relationship between species and the adaptability of bacteria to the environment. Through the analysis of metabolic pathways, it is found that the dominant metabolic pathways in high altitude habitats have certain changes under ultraviolet radiation. Further analysis of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolic pathways shows that the relative abundance of related metabolic pathways has a certain change, but the difference in metabolic maps is small, that is, the effect of ultraviolet radiation is mainly reflected in the relative abundance of metabolic pathways. These findings indicate that ultraviolet radiation in Plateau environment as an important influencing factor has an impact on microbial structure and metabolic pathways. This research provides an important theoretical basis for further understanding of water treatment ecosystem in Plateau environment, and also provides a new perspective for the development of water treatment ecosystem.
Efficacy of standardized rehabilitation in the treatment of diastasis rectus abdominis in postpartum women in Eastern China
Authors: Hu Jing , Gu Juanfen , Yu Zhiyan , Yang Xianxu , Fan Jian , You Lingying , Hua Qinyan , Zhao Yuting , Yan Yuerong , Bai Weiwei , Xu Zipeng , You Lina , Chen Chaobo
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aim of the study was to retrospectively summarize the experience and efficacy in the treatment of diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA) via standardized rehabilitation procedures in Eastern China.Methods: This retrospective study included the parturients with DRA admitted to the Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi between January 2017 and May 2021. Patients were separated in standardized rehabilitation group (SR) and non-standardized rehabilitation group (non-SR). The outcomes were the change of rectus abdominis separation and Physical Functioning Scale (PFs). Measurement data were compared between the two groups using Student's t-test or Fisher's exact test. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the factors associated with standardized rehabilitation process. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 294 patients with DRA were included in the study. Among the 294 patients, 171 patients were treated with SR (SR), and the other 123 patients were treated without SR process (non-SR). Compared with non-SR, the separation of the rectus abdominis was significantly reduced in SR after standardized rehabilitation treatment (p value<0.0001). The multiple linear regression model analysis results suggested that standardized rehabilitation was an independent factor influencing the prognosis of DRA in parturients (P<0.0001). In addition, the quality of life of the study group was significantly improved (p value<0.0001).Conclusions: Standardized rehabilitation method has the high efficiency in the treatment of DRA in postpartum women, and can improve the quality of life of parturients.
Effect of perioperative cognitive behavioral therapy on chronic post-surgical pain among breast cancer patients with high pain catastrophising characteristics: Protocol for a double-blinded randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Moorthy Aneurin , Lowry Damien , Edgley Carla , Casey Máire-Bríd , Buggy Donal J.
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSurgery is regarded as the primary treatment for breast cancer. Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is a recognised complication after breast cancer surgery, and it is estimated to affect 20–30% of women. Pain catastrophizing has emerged as one of the most influential psychological variables associated with CPSP.MethodsThis trial will be a single-centre, prospective, double-blinded, noninferiority, randomised controlled trial (RCT). Patients scheduled for elective breast cancer surgery (wide local excision or mastectomy with or without axillary lymph node dissection) will be screened preoperatively for high pain catastrophising. Patients with high pain catastrophising, defined as a score of ≥ 24 on the Pain Catastrophising Scale will be deemed eligible for inclusion in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a cognitive behavioural therapy or an educational mindfulness based program during their perioperative period. The primary outcome is the Brief Pain Inventory short form average pain severity score at three months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include patient-reported quality of recovery at Day 1–2 after surgery, levels of pain catastrophising, reported depressed mood and anxiety. ]DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this protocol describes the first RCT which directly examines the effect of perioperative cognitive behavioural therapy on CPSP among breast cancer patients with high pain catastrophising characteristics. The outcomes of this trial may have significant implications for these patients because perioperative cognitive behavioural therapy has the potential to become an important perioperative intervention to complement patient management.Trial registrationThis trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04924010 on 11th June 2021. All item from the World Health Organisation Trial Registration Data set have been included. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04924010