bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Information Processing System of Sports Combination Training Model Based on Machine Learning and Neural Network
Authors: Yu Songmao , Wang Lei , Li Tianwei
Published: December 2024

Information processing systems in sports and training applications are backboned by artificial intelligence for non-human intervening and accurate analysis. The fitness, performance, etc. outcomes are delivered by the system through learning implications over the different inputs. However, the recommendation/ prediction outcomes are down-surged in analyzing similar information due to learning complexity and non-adaptable outcome. Therefore, the problem is resolved by fragmenting and processing the information using a similarity measure. Therefore, this method is named as Sliced-Information Processing with Analogous Learning (SIP-AL). In this method, a neural network is used for deciding the processing feature for better accuracy. In the contrary case of down-surges, the information slicing based on an analogous point is performed. This prevents the continuity between redundant and continuous data preventing errors.
Tadeusz Bilikiewicz (1901-1980)
Authors: Szarszewski Adam
Published: December 2024

Profesor Tadeusz Bilikiewicz (1901-1980) jest jednym z najoryginalniejszych polskich uczonych XX w. Był wybitnym psychiatrą, historykiem medycyny i filozofem, umiejętnie łączył ze sobą zarówno tradycje naukowe, jak i najnowsze zdobycze wiedzy. Sam siebie postrzegał głównie jako filozofa i historyka medycyny, choć znany jest przede wszystkim ze swej działalności lekarskiej. W latach 1974-1980 pełnił funkcję redaktora naczelnego „Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny”, co było dopełnieniem jego głęboko humanistycznego postrzegania świata.
Profesor doktor habilitowany nauk medycznych Tadeusz Brzeziński (1929-2010)
Authors: Nieznanowska Joanna
Published: December 2024

Niniejsza praca, nie roszcząc sobie pretensji do bycia kompletną i wyczerpującą biografią prof. Tadeusza Brzezińskiego (1929-2010), skupia się przede wszystkimna przedstawieniu jego działalności i zasług w okresie,gdy był on redaktorem naczelnym „Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny” (1992-1997). Pokrótce omówione zostały również zasługi Profesora dla nauczania historii medycyny i etyki lekarskiej na polskich uczelniach medycznych, jego zaangażowane uczestnictwo w pracach Polskiego Towarzystwa Historii Medycyny oraz rola w budowaniu kontaktów polskiego środowiska historyków medycyny z zagranicą, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem organizacji i animacji polsko-niemieckiej współpracy w tym zakresie.
Roman K. Meissner (1939-2017) – redaktor Archiwum w latach 2007-2010
Authors: Grzybowski Andrzej , Witczak Włodzimierz
Published: December 2024

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono szkic biograficzny wybitnego poznańskiego historyka medycyny, prof. Romana K. Meissnera (1939-2017). Zwrócono szczególną uwagę na jego osiągnięcia badawcze w dziedzinie historii medycyny wielkopolskiej. Przypomniano tytuły i problematykę najważniejszych prac naukowych, podkreślono także inne działania organizacyjne oraz inicjatywy prof. Meissnera na rzecz polskiego środowiska naukowego i poznańskiej medycyny akademickiej.
Glocalising a Subculture
Authors: Grabowska-Derlatka Kamila
Published: December 2024

The article describes the culture of Japanese Gothic DJs and analyses their figures. The Gothic DJs are a part of the general Gothic art, and Goth subculture intercultural movements, taken from the West and re-invented in Japan. In Japan, those movements are a strong reaction towards the dominant, conservative culture, whereas, in the West, this classical opposition (described by, for example, Dick Hebdige) is not that strong nowadays. Japanese social collectivism is often seen as oppressive towards some artistic and free-spirited individuals. Artists like those DJs are the opposition to this collectivism, and their sets at the parties make a space for other Goths to express themselves in their safe space. This movement is also very innovative due to mixing different aesthetics (keis) and minimising the problem of subcultural gatekeeping. The paper describes the rebellion led by DJs’ performances, music sets, and visual style. It is based on the bigger field research done in 2019 and 2023, where the method used was participatory observation.
“Le Musiciste” Study Days for an Education in and the Spread of a Stolen Story
Authors: Gammaitoni Milena
Published: December 2024

The initiative of the study days dedicated to the history of female musicians, now in its ninth edition, came to light in 2015 due to the need to raise awareness of and re-evaluate the female identity of a social, cultural and artistic nature often forgotten by European musical historiography. The ban on performing in public after marriage, the preclusion from musical positions and careers, the lack of public institutions that permitted the creation of educational pathways for women equal to those of the other sex, have all conditioned the development of female musical art and sometimes even leading to its obsolescence even though many women were protagonists, authoritative professionals and attentive witnesses of the musical society of their time. This legacy, which determined the cancellation of an important artistic legacy from the collective memory, and come down to the present day, can be reversed only thanks to a thorough knowledge of the female contribution to the music of the past and present.
Designing Buildings and Building Environments for Greater Resilience against the Encroachment of Seasonal Forest Fires
Authors: Adekunle Olubowale Mofolasayo
Published: December 2024

Aim: The threat of forest fires in residential communities close to the urban-wildland interface is a big concern in the face of limited manpower for firefighting operations. The paper seeks to answer the question of, 'how to design buildings to withstand the threats from seasonal forest fires. To encourage further research on automatic fire detection and suppression, the following questions are asked: 1. Can we develop a simulation system to manage water in reservoirs for fire suppression efforts while reducing the toll on firefighters in various communities? 2. What are the factors that we need to consider in establishing a minimum distance between the forest and residential communities? 3. How can we reduce fire hazards in various residential communities? Project and methods: A site visit was carried out at local fire station to have a better understanding of the equipment used in firefighting operations. To examine the feasibility of having an adequate water supply for automatic sprinkler operations for firefighting purposes in exterior portions of buildings, simulation processes were used to evaluate how long the water in a reservoir will be available for firefighting. Results: The results showed that water in reservoirs can be successfully managed for automatic fire suppression efforts. This indicates that automatic fire suppression systems would be a good complement to the human response to the encroachment of forest fires in residential communities. This would be helpful to reduce the toll on firefighters while reducing losses in various communities. Conclusions: This study describes a conceptual framework on how buildings can be designed to better withstand the threats from seasonal forest fires. An adequate application of the water sprinkler technology for the exterior part of buildings is recommended. Simulation systems were used to evaluate how long water from various sources may be available for firefighting purposes. Rather than waiting for firefighters to come and help extinguish the fire in residential communities, the design of our buildings can be such that it would not only put a major focus on the automatic deployment of the water sprinkler effect for the interior sections of the buildings, but the improved designs for residential buildings should be such that automatic water sprinklers are available to cover all the exterior portions of buildings for a pre-determined length of time, to mitigate the effect of seasonal forest fires. Field testing and validation of the proposed process are recommended. Keywords: forest fires; firefighting; building designs; automation; simulations
Safety of Systems Integrating Fire Protection Equipment – Risks, Gaps, Recommendations
Authors: Wojciech Wróblewski  , Dorota Seliga
Published: December 2024

Aim: The purpose of this study is to identify cyber threats associated with systems integrating fire protection devices (SIUP). The analysis includes conducting a comprehensive assessment of potential attack sites (vulnerabilities) and recommendations for building designers and managers to minimise adverse actions. Project and methods: A detailed review of the literature and cybersecurity standards applicable to fire protection systems, such as NFPA 72, was conducted, from which key points that are vulnerable elements and represent attack surfaces were identified. The Cybersecurity for Fire Protection Systems report from a workshop held by the Research Foundation in 2021 was analysed. Results: Analysis of the collected research material showed that the key points of vulnerability are human factors, software, hardware, wired and wireless connections and system security. In addition, internal threats, i.e. lack of training, malicious action by employees, invasion by unknown software and too much access by security personnel to system components, are also important issues. It has been found that cybercriminals can use various techniques: denial-of- service (DoS) attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, remote code execution and social engineering, to disrupt systems. To prevent this and minimise the risk of attacks, it is recommended that security configuration guides should be issued, that specialists should be employed and that strategies should be created to increase the resilience of systems integrating fire appliances to cyber attacks. Currently, Polish regulations are mainly based on the technical aspects of SIUP operation, i.e. the installation and operation of alarm systems. There is a lack of relevant legal regulations that directly address the issue of the network and cyber security of these systems. Conclusions: It is necessary to urgently develop and implement comprehensive legal regulations that would take into account the specificity of the cyber security of fire protection systems in Poland. Future research should also focus on the human factor aspects of SIUP systems security. Keywords: safety, cyber security, fire protection, system integrating fire protection devices, SIUP, fire protection device
Two-Sided Impacts of Service Provider’s Identity Disclosure in e-Customer Service Platforms: Evidence from Two Field Experiments
Authors: Chung Sunghun , Jung Jaehwuen , Park Jooyoung , Lee Chul Ho , Ceran Yasin
Published: December 2024

Digital technologies have revolutionized customer service, enabling efficient online complaint resolution. In our research, we investigate the impact of disclosing service provider identities on performance, customer satisfaction, and biases within a customer complaint management platform. In the first large-scale field experiment involving 75,041 customers, 1,280 service providers, and 672 companies, we found that revealing provider identities enhanced performance by reducing anonymity and promoting accountability. This effect was most pronounced among inexperienced providers with greater discretion in handling complaints. Customers benefited from improved service quality and reported higher satisfaction with resolutions. In the second study involving 2,710 customers, we explored the role of ethnic identity in customer satisfaction. Our findings showed that customers reported greater satisfaction with providers from majority ethnic backgrounds, whereas minority customers exhibited lower satisfaction when paired with providers of the same ethnicity. Four additional studies with 1,211 participants delved into the psychological mechanisms driving these effects. Our results highlight the nuanced role of transparency and ethnic cues in shaping customer perceptions. This research offers actionable insights for firms aiming to optimize service interactions by balancing transparency, accountability, and inclusivity in complaint management policies.
Directions of Digitization of the Economy, which Determine the Transformation of Enterprise Management
Authors: Bryukhovetskaya N. , Chorna O.
Published: December 2024

Based on the study of the main transformations caused by the spread of digital technologies, the directions of digitalization of the economy, which cause the transformation of enterprise management, are identified and systematized, which are: 1) management business innovations according to the concept of SMAC (Social, Mobility, Analytics, Cloud); 2) new types of business and entrepreneurial activity (virtual, informational, digital, network). Digital and online services. New sectors of the economy; 3) digital enterprise management tools; 4) transformation in the field of human capital management. This systematization allows taking into account the directions of digitalization of the economy. The integration of social, mobile, analytics and cloud technologies together has been found to create competitive advantage and new business opportunities. It has been established that the driving forces of the digital economy are digital data and digital platforms, which determine the formation of new sectors of the economy and innovative digital infrastructure. The ways of meeting the needs of consumers in response to requests and needs for services remotely and online, through platforms, applications, social networks, are being transformed. Based on the study of digital platforms as the basis of business models in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, it was established that the development of digital platforms creates challenges to the traditional understanding of business, leads to the need for the transformation of management at enterprises, and promotes the development of a new form of business organization. The development of business models that take advantage of digital technologies allows rapid expansion and scaling of operations. The characteristics of digital platforms that determine the transformation of enterprise management are identified and systematized. It is substantiated that in the conditions of the digital economy, every modern business must either cooperate with platforms or introduce this component into its business model, transforming it to meet the requirements of modern demand and consumers. Digital enterprise management tools have been studied, the presentation of which on the market can be considered as a market mechanism for stimulating their gradual introduction into the activities of enterprises as appropriate tools for the transformation of management in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. The influence of the digitalization of the economy on the management of the development of the human capital of the enterprise has been studied. It is substantiated that the digitalization of the economy requires both basic digital skills of employees of enterprises and specialists who possess a wide range of professional abilities and digital skills.
Ornithonym concepts as representatives of the Ukrainian mentality in B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s works of art
Authors: Bilobrovska Kateryna
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the research of the specifics of the concept of “bird” and its connotations (semantic markers) as representatives of the Ukrainian mentality in B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s literary heritage. The ornithosphere has an important place in the ethno-cultural world structure of the Ukrainian people: it is not only a part of the natural environment, but also a deep symbol of spiritual, social, moral and cultural values. The writer actively refers to traditional folk symbols. In his works, birds embody archetypes that convey important themes for the Ukrainian mentality. In literary studies, concepts represent reality through the prism of the artist’s imagination and experience, in particular, the concept of “bird” has a symbolic character and is related to the cultural traditions of Ukrainians, outlines the peculiarities of their mentality. Concepts contain additional information about the characters of the works of art, the author’s value system, his initial idea, leading ideas and experiences. In B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s creation ornitonyms form the concept of “bird”, which, through metaphorization, connotations and associations, allows a deeper understanding of the worldview and value system of both the writer and the whole nation, whose representative he is. Connotations strengthen the concept, actualize additional expressive shades, intensify the meaning of birds in the minds of the recipients, helping to better understand the psychological experiences of the characters and the sociocultural context. Birds become symbols not only of nature, but also of human relationships, choices and ways of self-determination. In B. Antonenko-Davydovych’s literary works we highlight the functioning of ornithonym concepts in the stories “Semen Ivanovych Palokha”, “Leleky ne znakhodiat svoikh hnizd”, “Kryla Artema Letiuchoho”, “Chyria”, “Zolotyi korablyk”, “Iak soloveiko stav chyzhem”. The concept of “bird” in the writer’s creation has the following semantic connotations: harbinger of spring, awakening of nature, offspring, harvest; family, procreation, parental home, motherhood; dream, person’s spiritual “winging”; unquenchable thirst for freedom; talent, giftedness.
«Сrimean text» in the lyrics by Lesya Ukrainka, yakiv Shchoholev and Adam Mickiewicz
Authors: Lapko Olena
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to the comparative analysis of lyrical works by Lesya Ukrainka, Yakiv Shchoholev and Adam Mickiewicz, which are based on the artists' impressions from their trips to Crimea. The aim of the study is to identify and compare the peculiarities of «Сrimean text» in Lesya Ukrainka's poetic cycles «Crimean Memories» and «Crimean Echoes», Yakiv Shchoholev's poems «In foreign parts» and «Yalta» and Adam Mickiewicz's poetic cycle «Crimean Sonnets». The author of the article highlights the dramatic circumstances that forced the poets to visit Crimea. The study examines the features of structuring the artistic space in their poetry, clarifies the artistic semantics of the antithesis «homeland – foreign land», investigates common motifs, including the motif of premature death, and analyzes the means of its artistic embodiment. The features of travelogue in poetic cycles and lyrical monologues by Lesya Ukrainka, Yakiv Shchoholev and Adam Mickiewicz are revealed. The article examines the peculiarities of the images of Crimean inhabitants; the artistic function of this image in Adam Mickiewicz's «Crimean Sonnets» is clarified. Common features in the images of Crimean Tatars created by Lesya Ukrainka and Yakiv Shchoholev are revealed, as well as the artistic mediums that express the poets' attitudes towards these characters. The distinctiveness of artistic representation of Crimea's natural landscapes, the peculiarities of artistic embodiment of emotions of lyrical heroes provoked by contemplation of exotic landscapes, as well as the contexts in which the poets comprehend Crimean realities, are determined. The author of the article analyzes semantic nuances of the metaphorical identification of Crimean landscapes with paradise. The peculiarities of artistic details, through which the Crimean landscape is depicted in the examined works, are elucidated. The work has practical significance for addressing specific methodical issues in language and literature education, particularly in developing lessons on the literature of the native region.
Factors associated with community integration in people with multiple sclerosis with mild and moderate levels of disability: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mostajeran Maryam , Alizadeh Saeed , Rostami Hamid Reza , Havaei Naser , Shaygannejad Vahid
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims

Multiple sclerosis could lead to limitations in daily activities and restrictions in community integration and participation. The aim of this study was to investigate variables associated with community integration and participation in people with multiple sclerosis and mild or moderate levels of disability.

Methods

A convenience sample of 326 patients with mild and moderate levels of disability as a result of multiple sclerosis participated in this cross-sectional study. An assessor who was blinded to the study's aims measured demographic information and clinical characteristics through a set of assessment tools, including body appreciation scale, modified Barthel Index, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, modified Fatigue Impact Scale, visual analogue scale of pain and a community integration questionnaire. These questionnaires were administered in a random order.

Results

Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between community integration and participation with instrumental activities of daily living (P<0.001), fatigue (P=0.004), disease duration (P<0.001), body image (P<0.001), basic activities of daily living (P=0.015) and pain (P=0.017) in patients with a mild level of disability caused by multiple sclerosis. In participants with moderate levels of disability, basic activities of daily living (P<0.001), instrumental activities of daily living (P<0.001) and disease duration (P=0.021) were significantly associated with community integration.

Conclusions

Instrumental activities of daily living are the strongest variable associated with community integration in people with multiple sclerosis with a mild level of disability, and basic activities of daily living are the strongest variable associated with community integration in people with multiple sclerosis and a moderate level of disability.

Implications for practice

Rehabilitation professionals should be aware of the significant variables associated with community integration and participation for individuals with multiple sclerosis who have mild or moderate levels of disability. They should and consider targeting these areas when designing a valuable and effective rehabilitation programme.
Seamless Door-to-Door Ridesharing Aims to Change Private Car Use
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: December 2024

Project aims to reduce car journeys with a transport system offering the comfort and flexibility of a taxi
Recent Updates on Microbial Naringinase for Debittering of Citrus Juices by Transformation of Flavonoid Naringin
Authors: Nara Rachna , Sehrawat Nirmala , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Amit , Upadhyay Sushil Kumar , Yadav Deepak , Yadav Mukesh
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Naringin is a well-known flavonoid mainly present in citrus fruits and contributes to the bitter flavour of citrus fruit juices. Naringinase is an important enzyme known to hydrolyse naringin into naringenin. Naringenin is a tasteless compound and therefore, naringinase may be used to de-bitter the citrus juices by reducing the level of naringin. This enzyme provides a good alternate to the chemical processing of citrus juices. By using naringinase, bitterness of the citrus juice may be controlled without affecting the beneficial properties of citrus juices. Naringinase from various microbial sources have been reported including bacteria and fungi. Naringinase from fungal sources have been investigated to higher extent as compared to bacterial counterparts. Till date, this enzyme has not been extensively investigated. The enzyme needs to be investigated extensively for its routine use in juice processing industries as well as other related industries. This review presents various microbial sources and production strategies of naringinase for its application in debittering of citrus juices. Recent updates in the area of microbial naringinase production and citrus juice processing has been summarized.
Laccase Enzyme: As A Sustainable Catalyst For Bioremediation Strategies
Authors: Panchal Kamaljit , Gera Ritika , Kumar* Ramika Garg and Rajesh
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: "Laccase, belonging to the blue multicopper oxidases enzyme category, exhibits notable oxidation capabilities. Despite its potential to generate reactive radicals, its commercial utilization has been largely underestimated. Nonetheless, laccase can be sourced from diverse origins, including bacteria( Bacillus, streptomyces etc), fungi like white rot fungi and plants for e.g. wheat, castor, white pear etc. It demonstrates efficacy in degrading both phenolic and non-phenolic compounds by converting molecular oxygen to water, offering a distinctive ability to detoxify environmental contaminants. Consequently, laccases have found extensive applications across industries such as paper, pulp, textiles, dye degradation and petrochemicals. Moreover, they are utilized in food processing, medical, and healthcare domains. Recent advancements have seen laccase employed in areas like biosensor development and nanotechnology. This review comprehensively examines laccase's biological functions, sources, mechanisms of action, and potential biotechnological applications."
Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Fish: A Novel Approach in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Abbas Kashif , Kamil Fatima , Tanveer Yusra , Alam Mudassir , Zehra Zerafshan , Mustafa Mohd , Usmani Nazura , Habib Safia
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Omega-3 fatty acids (OFAs) are essential macromolecules which are frequently used to provide nutritional support in cancer patients. They have been recognised as immunonutrients, as they play important role in strengthening the immune responses against various disease including cancer. OFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown great promise in cancer prevention and its management. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a correlation between fish consumption and reduced cancer risk, evidence suggests that increased fish consumption is linked to a lower risk of cancer, potentially due to the high levels of bioactive fatty acids in fish. Experimental studies revealed that OFAs are capable of modulating cell signalling pathways, gene expression and influencing cell membrane composition, which can promote apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation. Moreover, antioxidant property of fatty acids has been reported in prevention of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage. Apart from anticancer properties OFAs have also shown good results in managing the cancer related complications such as inflammation, gastrointestinal reactions, and anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Several studies showed their efficacy in relieving cancer associated cachexia anorexia syndrome with significant improvements in weight loss. Moreover, OFA supplementation has shown antidepressant results and enhanced well-being in cancer individuals. Despite the promising effects of OFAs many challenges remain like optimal dose determination, variable impact across cancer types and the risks associated with high fatty acids intake. Further large scale randomized control trials (RCTs) are needed to strengthening the OFAs assisted cancer treatment.
A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Collagen in Health and Disease
Authors: Pillai Nipun Saravanan , Khan Sara Anees , Mehrotra Nupur , Jadhav Kaustubh
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The most prevalent protein in the human body, collagen is essential for preserving the structural soundness and functionality of different tissues. It is an essential part of connective tissues, which include skin, cartilage, bones, tendons, and ligaments. It also plays a key role in wound healing, cell signaling, and tissue repair. The many functions of collagen in human health and its connections to different illnesses are examined in this overview. It looks at the biochemical and structural characteristics of the many forms of collagen, the processes by which collagen is synthesized and broken down, and how imbalances can result in diseases including cardiovascular problems, fibrosis, osteoarthritis, and skin aging. There is also discussion of new treatment options, such as supplements, collagen-based biomaterials, and regenerative medicine techniques. New treatments targeted at promoting tissue repair, boosting quality of life, and avoiding collagen-related illnesses may be made possible by a better understanding of the many roles that collagen plays in both health and disease.
Advancements in Ovarian Cancer Research: Targeting DNA Repair Mechanisms and the Role of DNA Polymerase β Inhibitors
Authors: Patra Anutosh , Samanta Abhishek , Chakraborty Anindita , Bhattacharyya Nandan , Patra Anutosh
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Background: Exposure to mutagens causes DNA damage, which, if not repaired properly, can lead to diseases like cancer. Ovarian cancer is a major concern for women globally, including in India, as it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, making treatment more challenging. Recent research implicates DNA repair proteins like DNA polymerase β (Pol β) in cancer development, emphasising the need to understand these pathways for targeted therapy. This study uses bibliometric analysis to explore ovarian cancer research and DNA repair pathways, providing insights for future research and treatment. Materials and Methods: Data from 37,539 articles related to cancer, ovarian cancer, DNA polymerase β, DNA repair pathways, and inhibitors were analysed from the Dimensions database. Publication distribution, national cooperation, leading authors, and research trends were examined. Results: Variations in publication distribution were observed across journals, with notable contributions from countries like Germany, Canada, and the Netherlands. Prolific authors and institutions were identified, shedding light on the global academic landscape. Co-occurrence analysis revealed thematic clusters, including pathophysiology, cancer risk associations, therapeutic targets, and genomic research. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis offers valuable insights into ovarian cancer research and DNA repair pathways. It highlights the importance of targeting DNA repair mechanisms in cancer therapy and suggests opportunities for collaboration and personalised medicine. Identifying key trends and future directions aids in advancing our understanding and treatment of ovarian cancer, aiming to improve patient outcomes.
Development and Validation of a Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) Dissolution Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Tablet Formulations
Authors: Yelmame Shankar Sahebrao , Amrutkar Sunil Vishvanath
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) is an isocratic method that is simple, specific, accurate, fast, and inexpensive. It was created and approved for the quantitative measurement of tenofovir alafenamide and emtricitabine in pharmaceutical tablet dosage forms. An in vitro dissolving study of tablets containing the aforementioned medications was conducted using the HPLC method. Phenomenex C18 (250 mm X 4.6 mm, 5 µm) was used in the development of the RP-HPLC technique. Methanol and water made up the mobile phase (65:35% v/v). The UV-Vis detector was used to monitor the responses at 216 nm while a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min was used. With a USP Apparatus II at 37°C and 500 mL of 50 mM Sodium Citrate buffer (pH 5.50) as the dissolution medium, the dissolution test was carried out at 75 rpm. It was discovered that the retention periods for EMT and TNF were 3.13 and 4.82 minutes, respectively. EMT (correlation coefficient 0.99998) in the 10–150 µg/mL range and TNF (correlation coefficient 0.99994) in the 1.25–18.75 µg/ml range were found to be linear. Limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision, accuracy, robustness, specificity, and linearity were all validated. The proposed method is suitable for routine quality control.
The Efficacy of Platelet-rich Plasma in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repairs: A Narrative Review
Authors:   [1] Department of Orthopaedics, Sona Medical Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [2] Department of Orthopaedics, Saifee Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [3] Department of Orthopaedics, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [4] Department of Orthopaedics, Breach Candy Hospital Trust, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Modi Nihar , Bhagunde Prasad ,   [1] Department of Orthopaedics, Sona Medical Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [3] Department of Orthopaedics, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [5] Department of Orthopaedics, Criticare Asia Multispeciality Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Shah Damini ,   Novo Tissue Bank and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: December 2024

Rotator cuff tears are one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders, with a significant risk of retear following repair. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a potential adjunct to enhance healing through mechanisms including growth factor release, anti-inflammatory effects, and angiogenesis. This narrative review evaluates the efficacy of PRP augmentation in arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs by examining recent studies and meta-analyses. Findings indicate that PRP, particularly leukocyte-poor PRP, shows promise in improving pain and functional outcomes, and reducing retear rates, though its cost-effectiveness and optimal application protocols remain uncertain. Limitations of current studies and avenues for future research are also discussed.
Keywords: Platelet-rich plasma, Arthroscopic rotator Cuff repairs, orthobiologics, PRP
Bilateral Supracondylar Humerus Fracture in an Infant – A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Jain Deepak , Bhende Janhavi ,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, More Aditya ,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Agrawal Tushar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: December 2024

Supracondylar humerus fractures are the most common elbow injuries seen in the pediatric population. Predominantly they are unilateral injuries, and bilateral injuries are exceedingly rare. Here we present a unique case of a bilateral atypical supracondylar humerus fracture seen in a 7-month-old boy after he suffered a fall from the bed. These injuries occur infrequently, and it requires keen clinical suspicion to identify them.
Keywords: Bilateral, supracondylar, humerus, atypical, remodeling.
Towards a sustainable model for a digital learning network in support of the Immunization Agenda 2030 –a mixed methods study with a transdisciplinary component
Authors: Umbelino-Walker Isis , Szylovec Ana Paula , Dakam Brice Alain , Monglo Asta , Jones Ian , Mbuh Charlotte , Sadki Reda , Brooks Alan
Published: December 2024

The Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030) has been endorsed at the World Health Assembly as the world’s strategy for immunization. The Movement for IA2030 is a voluntary collective of immunization practitioners, principally from low- and middle-income countries, who have pledged to support each other to accelerate local action in support of this global strategy. Collective action is facilitated by the peer learning platform established by The Geneva Learning Foundation (TGLF). We reviewed existing data from Movement participants and collected additional survey data to explore two aspects of sustainability of the Movement: why immunization practitioners participate and how much time and resources they contribute. Quantitative analyses of an existing large data set (n = 5682 participants) were complemented by analyses of data collected through a new survey (n = 291) and focus groups of Movement participants. The most commonly cited reason for participating (32% of responses) was to share experience and learn from others. This was generally true across all levels of experience, gender and place of work, suggesting a common rationale among immunization practitioners in different settings. It was a particularly strong motivation for the most experienced practitioners and those working in a setting with a strong organizational learning culture. New survey data revealed a high degree of intrinsic personal motivation to participate, through commitment of significant time and financial resources, with 47% (n = 136) of respondents committing personal finances to implement an action plan. Focus group discussions provided insights into the implications of findings for sustaining the Movement. Collectively, the analyses highlight key aspects of voluntary collective action to achieve global immunization goals through local action, to inform efforts to ensure long-term sustainability of the Movement.
Health and economic impact of caregiving on informal caregivers of people with chronic diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Kisangala Ephraim , Mbivnjo Etheldreda Leinyuy , Webb Edward J. D. , Barrett Barbara , Rukundo Godfrey Zari , Namisango Eve , Heslin Margaret
Published: December 2024

With a disproportionate burden of chronic diseases and severe shortage of health workers in sub-Saharan Africa, the region implicitly relies on informal caregivers (ICGs) to support the patients both within and outside the health facilities. The aim of this review is to systematically summarise evidence on the health and economic impact of caregiving on informal caregivers of patients with chronic diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. Medline (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Global Health, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify original articles that considered the economic and/or health impacts of caregiving in sub-Saharan Africa. The results from the included studies were synthesised narratively. After screening 4,951 records, 47 studies were included for synthesis. The articles were from all sub-regions of sub-Saharan Africa with more than half (25/47) of the studies focussing on caregivers for patients with cancer. Although the primary motivation for becoming caregivers was love and responsibility, the caring responsibilities described in twenty studies, had profound effects on the caregiver’s lives. Healthwise, the informal caregivers experienced changes in their physical and mental health like developing musculoskeletal problems and depression. Economically, caregiving was expensive, and financially draining. The opportunity cost of caregiving included loss of jobs, loss of income, foregoing planned important activities and missed education opportunities. Informal caregivers reported a range of mainly negative health and economic effects of the work they do. Health care systems should consider how to better support caregivers in terms of their own physical and mental wellbeing. Also, governments should develop strategies to financially support informal caregivers.
A rapid systematic review of the effect of health or peer volunteers for diabetes self-management: Synthesizing evidence to guide social prescribing
Authors: Iverson Thomas , Alfares Hadil , Nijjar Gurkirat Singh , Wong Jeffrey , Abbasi Emaan , Esfandiari Elham , Lin Margaret , Petrella Robert J. , Symes Bobbi , Chudyk Anna , Ashe Maureen C.
Published: December 2024

Social prescribing is a model of care, usually in the community-setting, which aims to address people’s unmet social needs. Volunteers support primary health care and community-based care in non-medical roles. However, few studies focus on volunteers in social prescribing, therefore, aimed to synthesize the effect of health or peer volunteer-led interventions on psychosocial and behavioural outcomes for middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) to inform future work for volunteering in social prescribing. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and searched six databases and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed studies from 2013+ (last search May 16, 2024). We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from all languages, and synthesized data using the Cochrane’s Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines; and assessed risk of bias using the "Risk of Bias 2 Tool". We identified nine RCTs (reported in 10 publications). Interventions aimed to promote self-management of T2DM, and study duration ranged from one to 46 months. Training for volunteers varied between one to 32 hours, and most volunteers were offered a stipend. For psychosocial outcomes, only one outcome on social support favoured the intervention group, with the remaining outcomes reporting no differences between study groups. For behaviour, six outcomes (from three studies) favoured the intervention group, and for three outcomes there were no differences between study groups. In conclusion, volunteers bring a unique perspective to health interventions, but volunteer training, matching and retention, as well as intervention mode and duration, and geographical context need to be thoughtfully considered as important implementation factors. This work generates ideas for future studies focused on volunteers and T2DM management and social prescribing.

Trial registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42023453506.
Healthy core: Harmonizing brain MRI for supporting multicenter migraine classification studies
Authors: Yoon Hyunsoo , Schwedt Todd J. , Chong Catherine D. , Olatunde Oyekanmi , Wu Teresa
Published: December 2024

Multicenter and multi-scanner imaging studies may be necessary to ensure sufficiently large sample sizes for developing accurate predictive models. However, multicenter studies, incorporating varying research participant characteristics, MRI scanners, and imaging acquisition protocols, may introduce confounding factors, potentially hindering the creation of generalizable machine learning models. Models developed using one dataset may not readily apply to another, emphasizing the importance of classification model generalizability in multi-scanner and multicenter studies for producing reproducible results. This study focuses on enhancing generalizability in classifying individual migraine patients and healthy controls using brain MRI data through a data harmonization strategy. We propose identifying a ’healthy core’—a group of homogeneous healthy controls with similar characteristics—from multicenter studies. The Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) in Geodesic Flow Kernel (GFK) space is employed to compare two datasets, capturing data variabilities and facilitating the identification of this ‘healthy core’. Homogeneous healthy controls play a vital role in mitigating unwanted heterogeneity, enabling the development of highly accurate classification models with improved performance on new datasets. Extensive experimental results underscore the benefits of leveraging a ’healthy core’. We utilized two datasets: one comprising 120 individuals (66 with migraine and 54 healthy controls), and another comprising 76 individuals (34 with migraine and 42 healthy controls). Notably, a homogeneous dataset derived from a cohort of healthy controls yielded a significant 25% accuracy improvement for both episodic and chronic migraineurs.
Risk reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection conferred by humoral antibody levels among essential workers during Omicron predominance
Authors: Hollister James , Porter Cynthia , Sprissler Ryan , Beitel Shawn C. , Romine James K. , Uhrlaub Jennifer L. , Grant Lauren , Yoo Young M. , Fowlkes Ashley , Britton Amadea , Olsho Lauren E. W. , Newes-Adeyi Gabriella , Fuller Sammantha , Zheng Pearl Q. , Gaglani Manjusha , Rose Spencer , Dunnigan Kayan , Naleway Allison L. , Gwynn Lisa , Caban-Martinez Alberto , Schaefer Solle Natasha , Tyner Harmony L. , Philips Andrew L. , Hegmann Kurt T. , Yoon Sarang , Lutrick Karen , Burgess Jefferey L. , Ellingson Katherine D.
Published: December 2024

The extent to which semi-quantitative antibody levels confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in populations with heterogenous immune histories is unclear. Two nested case-control studies were designed within the multisite HEROES/RECOVER prospective cohort of frontline workers to study the relationship between antibody levels and protection against first-time post-vaccination infection and reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 from December 2021 to January 2023. All participants submitted weekly nasal swabs for rRT-PCR testing and blood samples quarterly and following infection or vaccination. Cases of first-time post-vaccination infection following a third dose of monovalent (origin strain WA-1) mRNA vaccine (n = 613) and reinfection (n = 350) were 1:1 matched to controls based on timing of blood draw and other potential confounders. Conditional logistic regression models were fit to estimate infection risk reductions associated with 3-fold increases in end titers for receptor binding domain (RBD). In first-time post-vaccination and reinfection study samples, most were female (67%, 57%), non-Hispanic (82%, 68%), and without chronic conditions (65%, 65%). The odds of first-time post-vaccination infection were reduced by 21% (aOR = 0.79, 95% CI = [0.66–0.96]) for each 3-fold increase in RBD end titers. The odds of reinfection associated with a 3-fold increase in RBD end titers were reduced by 23% (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = [0.65–0.92] for unvaccinated individuals and 58% (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = [0.22–0.84]) for individuals with three mRNA vaccine doses following their first infection. Frontline workers with higher antibody levels following a third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine were at reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 during Omicron predominance. Among those with previous infections, the point estimates of risk reduction associated with antibody levels was greater for those with three vaccine doses compared to those who were unvaccinated.
From museum drawer to tree: Historical DNA phylogenomics clarifies the systematics of rare dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) from museum collections
Authors: Lopes Fernando , Gunter Nicole , Gillett Conrad P. D. T. , Montanaro Giulio , Rossini Michele , Losacco Federica , Daniel Gimo M. , Straube Nicolas , Tarasov Sergei
Published: December 2024

Although several methods exist for extracting and sequencing historical DNA originating from dry-preserved insect specimens deposited in natural history museums, no consensus exists as to what is the optimal approach. We demonstrate that a customized, low-cost archival DNA extraction protocol (∼€10 per sample), in combination with Ultraconserved Elements (UCEs), is an effective tool for insect phylogenomic studies. We successfully tested our approach by sequencing DNA from scarab dung beetles preserved in both wet and dry collections, including unique primary type and rare historical specimens from internationally important natural history museums in London, Paris and Helsinki. The focal specimens comprised of enigmatic dung beetle genera (Nesosisyphus, Onychothecus and Helictopleurus) and varied in age and preservation. The oldest specimen, the holotype of the now possibly extinct Mauritian endemic Nesosisyphus rotundatus, was collected in 1944. We obtained high-quality DNA from all studied specimens to enable the generation of a UCE-based dataset that revealed an insightful and well-supported phylogenetic tree of dung beetles. The resulting phylogeny propounded the reclassification of Onychothecus (previously incertae sedis) within the tribe Coprini. Our approach demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of combining DNA data from historic and recent museum specimens to provide novel insights. The proposed archival DNA protocol is available at DOI 10.17504/protocols.io.81wgbybqyvpk/v3.