bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power surplus solutions for weighted hypergraph communication situations
Authors: Li Xianghui , Joosten Reinoud , Uetz Marc , Li Yang
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we study a framework of weighted hypergraph communication situations, in which each hyperlink is interpreted as a conference and the same players may have different weights in different conferences. Since common players play an intermediary role in the communication between conferences for hypergraph communication situations, we believe that noncommon players should pay a certain fee to the common players as an intermediary fee, and accordingly propose a concept of power index. We define and characterize so‐called power surplus solutions for weighted acyclic hypergraph communication situations, which distribute the surplus of each conference based on the power index of its members. Finally, two applications of power surplus solutions are discussed.
Species distribution and genes encoding antimicrobial resistance in enterococcus spp. isolates from rabbits residing in diverse ecosystems: A new reservoir of linezolid and vancomycin resistance
Authors: Lengliz Sana , Cheriet Sarah , Raddaoui Anis , Klibi Naouel , Ben Chehida Noureddine , Najar Taha , Abbassi Mohamed Salah
Published: January 2022

Aims

Worldwide, studies regarding antimicrobial resistance in rabbits are scarce. In addition, it seems that rearing conditions have important impact on emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Thus, the authors sought to (1) assess the role of rabbits residing across diverse ecosystems as potential reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant enterococci and (2) investigate the genetic background of detected resistances.

Methods and Results

Faecal samples from 60 healthy farmed rabbits (one farm), 35 laboratory rabbits and 31 wild rabbits were analysed. Overall, 97 enterococci isolates were accumulated, as follows: 44 E. faecium, 37 E. faecalis, 7 E. gallinarum, 5 E. durans and 4 E. avium. E. faecalis isolates were statistically associated with farm rabbits and wild rabbits (p < 0.05). High rates of resistance were observed for tetracycline (60.8%; tetM [n = 48; 81.3%], tetO [n = 7; 11.8%] and tetL [n = 1; 1.7%]), erythromycin (43.3%; msr(A) [n = 14; 33.3%] and ermB [n = 13; 31%]), ampicillin (29.9%), streptomycin (26.8%; ant(6)-Ia [n = 3, 11.5%]) and vancomycin (21.6%; vanA [one E. faecium + one E. faecalis; 9.5%]). Low frequencies of resistance were observed for teicoplanin (9.2%), linezolid (8.2%), ciprofloxacin (7.2%) and gentamicin (1%; aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia). Resistance to ampicillin and vancomycin was associated with laboratory rabbits (p < 0.05). Int-Tn (Tn916/1545) was detected in 27 (27.8%) isolates, of which 10 isolates co-harboured tetM and ermB genes, while 16 comprised tetM.

Conclusion

Findings indicate that clinically relevant enterococci species isolated from rabbits are frequently resistant to antimicrobials and harbour a range of genes associated with the Tn916/1545 family.

Significance and Impact of the study

This study highlights the high rates of antimicrobial-resistant enterococci from rabbits and the occurrence of both vancomycin- and linezolid-resistant isolates, potentially representing a very serious threat to human and animal health.
Predictors of 1‐year drug‐related admissions in older multimorbid hospitalized adults
Authors: Aubert Carole E. , Rodondi Nicolas , Netzer Seraina , Dalleur Olivia , Spinewine Anne , Maanen Clara Drenth‐van , Knol Wilma , O'Mahony Denis , Aujesky Drahomir , Donzé Jacques
Published: January 2022

Background

Identifying patients at high risk of drug‐related hospital admission (DRA) may help to efficiently target preventive interventions. We developed a score to predict DRAs in older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy.

Methods

We used participants from the multicenter European OPERAM trial (“Optimising PharmacothERapy in the Mutlimorbid Elderly”). We assessed the association between easily identifiable predictors and 1‐year DRAs by univariable logistic regression. Variables withp‐value< 0.20 were taken forward to backward regression. We retained all variables withp < 0.05 in the model. We assessed the C‐statistic, calibration (observed/predicted proportions), and overall accuracy (scaled Brier score, <0.25 indicating a useful model) of the score, and internally validated it by tenfold cross‐validation.

Results

Within 1 year, 435/1879 (23.2%) patients (mean age 79.4 years) had a DRA. The score included seven variables: previous hospitalizations, non‐elective admission, hypertension, cirrhosis with portal hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diuretic, oral corticosteroid. The C‐statistic was 0.64 (95% CI 0.61–0.67). Patients with <1 point had a 12.4% predicted and observed risk of DRA, while those with >3 points had a 40.4% predicted and 38.9% observed risk of DRA. The scaled Brier score was 0.05. Calibration showed an adequate match between predicted and observed proportions.

Conclusion

Comorbidities related to drug metabolism, specific medications, non‐elective admission, and a history of hospitalization, were associated with a higher risk of DRA. Awareness of these associations and the score we developed may help identify patients most likely to benefit from preventive interventions.
Regulation of the gonadotropin‐releasing hormone neuron during stress
Authors: McCosh Richard B. , O'Bryne Kevin T. , Karsch Fred J. , Breen Kellie M.
Published: January 2022

The effect of stress on reproduction and gonadal function has captivated investigators for almost 100 years. Following the identification of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) 50 years ago, a niche research field emerged fixated on how stress impairs this central node controlling downstream pituitary and gonadal function. It is now clear that both episodic GnRH secretion in males and females and surge GnRH secretion in females are inhibited during a variety of stress types. There has been considerable advancement in our understanding of numerous stress‐related signaling molecules and their ability to impair reproductive neuroendocrine activity during stress. Recently, much attention has turned to the effects of stress on two populations of kisspeptin neurons: the stimulatory afferents to GnRH neurons that regulate pulsatile and surge‐type gonadotropin secretion. Indeed, future work is still required to fully construct the neuroanatomical framework underlying stress effects, directly or indirectly, on GnRH neuron function. The present review evaluates and synthesizes evidence related to stress‐related signaling molecules acting directly on GnRH neurons. Here, we review the evidence for and against the action of a handful of signaling molecules as inhibitors of GnRH neuron function, including corticotropin‐releasing hormone, urocortins, norepinephrine, cortisol/corticosterone, calcitonin gene‐related peptide and arginine‐phenylalanine‐amide‐related peptide‐3.
Employing microbotox technique for facial rejuvenation and face‐lift
Authors: Iranmanesh Behzad , Khalili Maryam , Mohammadi Saman , Amiri Rezvan , Aflatoonian Mahin
Published: January 2022

Background

Microbotox technique, intradermal injection of microdroplets of botulinum toxin, is a favorable rejuvenation approach in subjects who prefer more natural appearance.

Aim

To determine the best injection techniques (dosage, concentration, as well as number and location of injection points), efficacy and side effects of this innovative technique for facial rejuvenation.

Methods

We conducted a search in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases from conception until October 2021 with keywords “microbotox” OR “mesobotox” OR “intradermal injection” AND “botulinum toxin” AND “rejuvenation” AND “wrinkle” AND “face‐lift.”

Results

Twenty articles were included in this review article. Different types of formulation including onabotulinum toxin A (OBA), abobotulinum toxin A (ABO), and incobotulinum toxin A (IBA) were used. The most used concentrations were 10–20 u/cc of OBA. Number of injection points varied from 4 (forehead and periorbital areas) to 999 (entire face) with 2 mm to 2 cm apart. Adjuvant treatment modalities were cross‐linked hyaluronic acid, intense pulsed laser, and Fraxel laser. Most studies reported the initial results appeared after 5–14 days of procedure, lasting for nearly 3–6 months.

Conclusion

Microbotox is an efficient and attractive method for facial rejuvenation, mid‐lower face‐lifting, and fine wrinkles reduction in forehead, periocular, and cheek regions, especially in younger‐aged subjects. Furthermore, it is a suitable treatment for neck rejuvenation and recontouring of lower mandibular border, particularly in older subjects with marked skin laxity.
The effectiveness of network administrative organizations in governing interjurisdictional natural resources
Authors: Liu Yixin , Tan Chao
Published: January 2022

Can network administrative organizations (NAOs) improve networks' ability to solve complex social and environmental problems? This is a classical question in collaborative governance. The public management literature examines collaborative outcomes at either the organization or the entire network level, but has not addressed “edge level” outcomes to evaluate structured interactions among network actors. Therefore, we investigate outcomes in an interjurisdictional area that reflect collaborative efforts between local governments. Recently, Guangdong Province in China enacted the River Chief System, an institutional reform that mandates the provincial government to establish an NAO to coordinate intercity rivers' management. To assess how well the reform has worked to reduce pollution, we employ the synthetic control method using monthly water quality data from 14 river monitoring sites in two neighboring cities. Our results indicate that the reform reduced the interjurisdictional river sites' pollution level effectively by 36% in the following year. This preliminary finding contributes to the collaborative governance theory and provides new evidence on whether the NAO model improves the shared outcomes between local governments.
Why is rice Amax (at saturating CO2) more heritable than Asat (at ambient CO2)? A commentary on Acevedo‐Siaca et al. (2021)
Authors: Fabre Denis , Dingkuhn Michael
Published: January 2022

Acevedo‐Siaca et al. (2021) reported that Amax (at saturating CO2) is more heritable than Asat (at ambient CO2) in rice and suggested the former to be selected to improve photosynthesis under rising ambient [CO2] levels. This commentary hypothesizes sink limitation to be a factor contributing to low genotypic Amax via feedback inhibition (acclimation) of photosynthesis as observed under elevated [CO2]. This process may to some extent also happen under current ambient [CO2]. If confirmed, future breeding for greater photosynthesis should seek improving carbon sink traits as opposed to (or in addition to) modifying the photosynthetic apparatus, which is more difficult.
Meeting the COVID‐19 moment: Peace analysis within the Latin American Council for Peace Research (CLAIP) 1977–2021
Authors: Oswald‐Spring Úrsula
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes the foundation of the Latin America Council of Peace Research (CLAIP in Spanish) in 1977 within the complex geopolitical conditions of military coups, lack of democracy, political refugees, Operation Condor, and economic crises. Globally, the geopolitical environment was equally complex with the Vietnam War, Watergate scandal, the School of the America's training militaries in torture, and the rise of the Taliban from the Soviet conflict in Afghanistan. In these adverse conditions, peace research and negotiation of conflicts were crucial. CLAIP developed to meet these needs over a five‐phase process of consolidation: 1. Foundational; 2. Expansion toward whole Latin America; 3. Fragmentation and specialization of peace research; 4. Development of hybrid and amalgam peace theories, and 5. The emergence of different regional approaches focusing also on gender perspective. This convergence has yielded more holistic paradigms that address the multifaceted threats to positive peace posed by the global response to COVID‐19. The article explores the potential for an integrated human, gender, and environmental, an engendered peace paradigm—called the HUGE model—to guarantee even the most marginalized women and girls a peaceful and secure future development in the subcontinent—even in the aftermath of the pandemic.
Protein‐Mediated Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (P‐FRET) Probe: Fabrication and Hydroxyl Radical Detection†
Authors: Yu Xiaokan , Zhu Weisheng , Ouyang Wenao , Zhang Xiaojia , Qiu Hao , Zhang Zhijun , Xing Bengang
Published: January 2022

Fluorescent probes based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) are highly promising for diverse bioapplications. The key to constructing FRET probes is to confine the donor and acceptor within a sufficiently close distance. However, the commonly used covalent linkage often requires elaborate design and complex organic synthesis, and sometimes causes changes in the fluorescence properties of the donor and acceptor. Inspired by the binding between small molecules and protein in nature, herein, we propose a protein‐mediated strategy to fabricate FRET probe. In such protein‐mediated FRET (P‐FRET) probe, protein acts as a carrier to simultaneously confine donor and acceptor in its cavity. As a proof of concept, we use bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein, coumarin derivative as a donor and hydroxyl radical (·OH)‐responsive dye fluorescein as an acceptor. Through a series of investigations, including binding parameters, fluorescence properties and detection performance, we prove that the construction of P‐FRET probe is simple and feasible and the detection is sensitive. Our P‐FRET strategy will provide new insights for the design of FRET probes.
Quantile Mixed Hidden Markov Models for Multivariate Longitudinal Data: An Application to Children's Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Scores
Authors: Merlo Luca , Petrella Lea , Tzavidis Nikos
Published: January 2022

The identification of factors associated with mental and behavioural disorders in early childhood is critical both for psychopathology research and the support of primary health care practices. Motivated by the Millennium Cohort Study, in this paper we study the effect of a comprehensive set of covariates on children's emotional and behavioural trajectories in England. To this end, we develop a quantile mixed hidden Markov model for joint estimation of multiple quantiles in a linear regression setting for multivariate longitudinal data. The novelty of the proposed approach is based on the multivariate asymmetric Laplace distribution which allows to jointly estimate the quantiles of the univariate conditional distributions of a multivariate response, accounting for possible correlation between the outcomes. Sources of unobserved heterogeneity and serial dependency due to repeated measures are modelled through the introduction of individual-specific, time-constant random coefficients and time-varying parameters evolving over time with a Markovian structure respectively. The inferential approach is carried out through the construction of a suitable expectation–maximization algorithm without parametric assumptions on the random effects distribution.
Description of two new alleles: HLA‐B*50:79 and HLA‐DRB1*04:332
Authors: Loginova M. , Smirnova D. , Druzhinina S. , Paramonov I.
Published: January 2022

Two novel HLA alleles HLA‐B*50:79 and ‐DRB1*04:332 have non‐synonymous mutations in exon 4 and exon 3, respectively.
Donor‐derived tuberculosis among solid organ transplant recipients in the United States—2008 to 2018
Authors: Malinis Maricar , La Hoz Ricardo M. , Vece Gabriel , Annambhotla Pallavi , Aslam Saima , Basavaraju Sridhar V. , Bucio Jamie , Danziger‐Isakov Lara , Florescu Diana F. , Jones Jefferson M. , Rana Meenakshi , Wolfe Cameron R. , Michaels Marian G.
Published: January 2022

Mycobacterium tuberculosiscan be transmitted via organ donation and result in severe outcomes. To better understand donor‐derived tuberculosis (DDTB), all potential transmissions reported to the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) Ad Hoc Disease Transmission Advisory Committee between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. Among 51 total reports, nine (17%) (9 donors/35 recipients) had ≥ 1 recipient with proven/probable disease transmission. Of these, eight were reported due to recipient disease, and one was reported due to a positive donor result. Proven/probable DDTB transmissions were reported in six lung and five nonlung recipients. The median time to diagnosis was 104 days posttransplant (range 0–165 days). Pulmonary TB, extrapulmonary TB, pulmonary plus extrapulmonary TB, and asymptomatic TB infection with positive interferon‐gamma release assay were present in five, three, one, and two recipients, respectively. All recipients received treatment and survived except for one whose death was not attributed to TB. All donors associated with proven/probable DDTB had ≥ 1 TB risk factor. Six were born in a TB‐endemic country, five had traveled to a TB‐endemic country, three had been incarcerated, and three had latent TB infection. These cases highlight the importance of evaluating donors for TB based on risk factors. Early posttransplant TB in organ recipients of donors with TB risk factors requires prompt reporting to OPTN to identify other potential affected recipients and implement timely treatment interventions.
The Gatekeepers to Fitness: A Correspondence Study to Examine Disabling Practices Among Fitness Center Personnel
Authors: Healy Sean
Published: January 2022

Fitness centers may be an ideal setting for physical activity, yet qualitative findings suggest social-level barriers constrain access for people with disabilities. To further test this, I employed an online message correspondence study to investigate the effect of impairment status on the responsiveness of a national sample of fitness centers to requests for services. Email requests were sent to 800 fitness centers, of which 200 were tailored to each of the four investigative conditions (i.e., control, vision loss, spinal cord injury, or being autistic). The odds of receiving a positive response were 40.5% lower for individuals with vision loss (p = .011) and 33.3% lower for individuals with spinal cord injury (p = .055), as compared with individuals without an impairment. Specifically, the odds of receiving a positive response for personal training were 58.8% lower among individuals with vision loss (p = .003) and 41.1% lower for individuals with spinal cord injury (p = .065).
Metabolic and hormonal responses to chronic blood-flow restricted resistance training in chronic kidney disease: a randomized trial
Authors: Deus Lysleine Alves de , Corrêa Hugo de Luca , Neves Rodrigo Vanerson Passos , Reis Andrea Lucena , Honorato Fernando Sousa , Araújo Thaís Branquinho de , Souza Michel Kendy , Haro Anderson Sola , Silva Victor Lopes , Barbosa Jessica Mycaelle da Silva , Padula Isabela Akaishi , Andrade Rosângela Vieira , Simões Herbert Gustavo , Prestes Jonato , Stone Whitley J. , Melo Gislane Ferreira , Rosa Thiago Santos
Published: January 2022

Maintenance of glycemic and lipemic homeostasis can limit the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Resistance training (RT) is effective in controlling glycemia and lipemia in kidney disease; however, the effect of RT with blood flow restriction (RT+BFR) on these metabolic factors has not been investigated. We aimed to verify if chronic (6 months) RT and RT+BFR performed by patients with stage-2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) improves their glycemic homeostasis and immunometabolic profiles. Patients with CKD under conservative treatment (n = 105 (33 females)) from both sexes were randomized into control (n = 35 (11 females); age 57.6 ± 5.2 years), RT (n = 35 (12 females); age 58.0 ± 6.2 years), and RT+BFR (n = 35 (10 females); 58.0 ± 6.4 years) groups. Chronic RT or RT+BFR (6 months) was performed 3 times per week on non-consecutive days with training loading adjusted every 2 months, RT 50%–60%–70% of 1RM, and RT+BFR 30%–40%+50% of 1RM and fixed repetition number. Renal function was estimated with the glomerular filtration rate and serum albumin level. Metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory assessments were analyzed from blood samples. Six months of RT and RT+BFR were similarly effective in improving glucose homeostasis and hormone mediators of glucose uptake (e.g., irisin, adiponectin, and sirtuin-1), decreasing pro-inflammatory and fibrotic proteins, and attenuating the progression of estimated glomerular filtration rate. Thus, RT+BFR can be considered an additional exercise modality to be included in the treatment of patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease. Trial registration number: U1111-1237-8231. URL: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3gpg5w/ , no. RBR-3gpg5w.

Novelty: Glycemic regulation induced by resistance training prevents the progression of CKD. Chronic RT and RT+BFR promote similar changes in glycemic regulation. RT and RT+BFR can be considered as non-pharmacological tools for the treatment of CKD.
Hyperon–anti-hyperon polarization asymmetry in relativistic heavy-ion collisions as an interplay between chiral and helical vortical effects
Authors: Ambru Victor E. , Chernodub M. N.
Published: January 2022

We argue that the enhancement in the spin polarization of anti-hyperons compared to the polarization of the hyperons in noncentral relativistic heavy-ion collisions arises as a result of an interplay between the chiral and helical vortical effects. The chiral vortical effect generates the axial current of quarks along the vorticity axis while the recently found helical vortical effect generates the helicity flow – the projection of the quark’s polarization vector onto its momentum – along the same axis. For massless fermions, the helical charge corresponds to a difference in the contributions of particles and anti-particles to the axial charge. Assuming that the spin of light quarks transfers to the strange quarks via the vector kaon states (“the spin-vector dominance”), we are able to describe the ratio of the (anti)hyperon spin polarizations, obtained by the STAR group, without fitting parameters. We also argue that the helical vortical effect dominates over the chiral vortical effect and the chiral magnetic effect in the generation of the electric current.
Does diffusion mechanism favor the emergent scenario of the universe?
Authors: Maity Subhayan , Chakraborty Subenoy
Published: January 2022

In this work, the flat FLRW Universe has been modeled with cosmic matter in the form of diffusive barotropic fluid. The diffusive fluid undergoes dissipation due to diffusion mechanism in the form of cosmological scalar field [Formula: see text]. From the perspective of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, the evolution equations of the universe have been formulated. By a suitable choice of the cosmological scalar field, emergent scenario of the universe has been obtained.
Bayesian Operational Modal Analysis with Genetic Optimization for Structural Health Monitoring of the Long-Span Bridge
Authors: Mao Jianxiao , Yang Chaoyong , Wang Hao , Zhang Yiming , Lu Huan
Published: January 2022

Modal parameters, including natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes, are vital for evaluating the in-service condition of long-span bridges subjected to performance degradation or damages. Operational modal identification techniques requiring only ambient vibration responses are usually utilized to identify the modal parameters of in-service bridges. Due to the measurement incompleteness and modeling errors, uncertainties would inevitably be involved in the identification. The changing operational loads of long-span bridges, e.g. vehicles and winds, could also increase uncertainties. These uncertainty factors could decrease the precision of the operational modal identification and undermine the reliability of structural health monitoring (SHM) for long-span bridges. This study introduces an improved Bayesian modal identification approach using the scaled Fast Fourier Transform data for uncertainty quantification. The proposed method integrates the genetic optimization with the posterior probability density function of modal parameters to ensure the accuracy and robustness of the iteration process. Additionally, an asymptotic estimate interval with the assumption of a high signal-to-noise ratio is defined to improve the computational efficiency. The acceleration responses from a numerical example and a full-scale long-span bridge are adopted to validate the performance of the proposed method. Results show that the improved Bayesian approach can accurately identify the modal parameters and efficiently quantify the uncertainties. The method enhances the reliability of modal tracking for SHM of operational long-span bridges.
Attractors of deterministic and random lattice difference equations
Authors: Kloeden Peter E.
Published: January 2022

Lattice difference equations are essentially difference equations on a Hilbert space of bi-infinite sequences. They are motivated by the discretization of the spatial variable in integrodifference equations arising in theoretical ecology. It is shown here that under similar assumptions to those used for such integrodifference equations they have a global attractor, to which the global attractors of finite-dimensional approximations converge upper-semi-continuously. Corresponding results are also shown for the lattice difference equations when only a finite number of interconnection weights are nonzero and when the interconnection weights themselves vary and converge in an appropriate manner.
Early diagnosis and bioimaging of lung adenocarcinoma cells/organs based on spectroscopy machine learning
Authors: Peng Xiangrong , Dai Ruiyi , Ma Yaqun , Lin Bi , Hui Xin , Chen Xueli , Lv Ruichan
Published: January 2022

Early diagnosis and fast detection with a high accuracy rate of lung cancer are important to improve the treatment effect. In this research, an early fast diagnosis and in vivo imaging method for lung adenocarcinoma are proposed by collecting the spectral data from normal and patients’ cells/tissues, such as Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis absorbance, and fluorescence spectra using anthocyanin. The FTIR spectra of human normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) and human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 cells) were collected. After the data is cleaned, a feature selection algorithm is used to select important wavelengths, and then, the classification models of support vector machine (SVM) and the grid search method are used to select the optimal model parameters (accuracy: 96.89% on the training set and 88.57% on the test set). The optimal model is used to classify all samples, and the accuracy is 94.37%. Moreover, the anthocyanin was prepared and used for the intracellular absorbance and fluorescence, and the optimized algorithm was used for classification (accuracy: 91.38% on the training set and 80.77% on the test set). Most importantly, the in vivo cancer imaging can be performed using anthocyanin. The results show that there are differences between lung adenocarcinoma and normal lung tissues at the molecular level, reflecting the accuracy, intuitiveness, and feasibility of this algorithm-assistant anthocyanin imaging in lung cancer diagnosis, thus showing the potential to become an accurate and effective technical means for basic research and clinical diagnosis.
Optimization of College English Classroom Teaching Efficiency by Deep Learning SDD Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xu Qian
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the teaching efficiency of English teachers in classroom teaching, the target detection algorithm in deep learning and the monitoring information from teachers are used, the target detection algorithm of deep learning Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) is optimized, and the optimized Mobilenet-Single Shot MultiBox Detector (Mobilenet-SSD) is designed. After analyzing the Mobilenet-SSD algorithm, it is recognized that the algorithm has the shortcomings of large amount of basic network parameters and poor small target detection. The deficiencies are optimized in the following partThrough related experiments of student behaviour analysis, the average detection accuracy of the optimized algorithm reached 82.13%, and the detection speed reached 23.5 fps (frames per second). Through experiments, the algorithm has achieved 81.11% in detecting students’ writing behaviour. This proves that the proposed algorithm has improved the accuracy of small target recognition without changing the operation speed of the traditional algorithm. The designed algorithm has more advantages in detection accuracy compared with previous detection algorithms. The optimized algorithm improves the detection efficiency of the algorithm, which is beneficial to provide modern technical support for English teachers to understand the learning status of students and has strong practical significance for improving the efficiency of English classroom teaching.
Exploring the Possible Link between the Gut Microbiome and Fat Deposition in Pigs
Authors: Zhao Guangmin , Xiang Yun , Wang Xiaoli , Dai Bing , Zhang Xiaojun , Ma Lingyan , Yang Hua , Lyu Wentao
Published: January 2022

Excessive lipid accumulation and high oxidative stress have become a serious health and economic problem in the pig industry. Fatness characteristics are crucial in pig production since they are closely related to meat quality. The gut microbiome is well acknowledged as a key element in fat deposition. But the link between gut microbiota and fat accumulation in pigs remains elusive. To examine whether there is a link between pigs’ gut microbiome, lipogenic properties, and oxidative stress, we selected 5 high-fat pigs and 5 low-fat pigs from 60 250-day-old Jinhua pigs in the present study and collected the colon content, serum sample, and liver and abdominal fat segments from each pig for metagenomic analysis, the oxidative stress assay, and RT-qPCR analysis, respectively. The backfat thickness and fat content of the longissimus dorsi muscle were considerably higher in the high-fat pigs than in the low-fat pigs (

P
<
0.05

). An obvious difference in GSH-Px and MDA in the serum between the high- and low-fat pigs was observed. After RT-qPCR analysis, we found the gene expression of ACC1 and SREBP1 in the liver and FAS, PPARγ, and LPL in the abdominal fat were significantly higher in high-fat pigs than in low-fat pigs (

P
<
0.05

). Additionally, metagenomic sequencing revealed that high-fat pigs had a higher abundance of Archaeal species with methanogenesis functions, leading to more-efficient fat deposition, while low-fat pigs had higher abundances of butyrate-producing bacteria species that improved the formation of SCFAs, especially butyrate, thus alleviating fat deposition in pigs. Furthermore, a total of 17 CAZyme families were identified to give significant enrichments in different fat phenotypes of pigs. This study would provide a detailed understanding of how the gut microbiome influences fat deposition in pigs, as well as a hint for improving growth performance and fatness traits by manipulating the gut microbiome.
Thermal Property of Granite in Deep Strata and Its Effect on Thermal Zone of Surrounding Rock
Authors: Xiang Peng , Xu Hui-Ci , Ji Hong-Guang , Li Qi , Wang Huan
Published: January 2022

In order to clarify the changes in the thermophysical properties of rocks in deep high-temperature strata and their influence on the temperature field of the surrounding rocks, thermal property tests were conducted on rock samples taken from 1,500 to 2,000 m depth in the Xiling well construction area of Sanshandao gold mine. According to the difference equation based on the principle of heat balance, the numerical solution of unsteady heat conduction of surrounding rock can be deduced. In addition, we can explore the dynamic process of the heat-regulating ring that under ventilation measures in deep high geothermal strata and analyze its influence on the dynamic process based on the equation. The result of the research shows that the thermal conductivity of rock is mainly determined by the mineral composition and is influenced by factors such as mesostructure. Calcite and muscovite of granite have a great impact on lithology, even they just account for a relatively small percent. As the ground temperature increases step by step, the variation of the thermal conductivity of rock is less and the thermal diffusion coefficient of rock and its ability to transmit temperature changes both decrease. On the contrary, as the specific heat capacity of rock increases, its heat storage capability enhanced. Therefore, the expansion range of the heat-regulating ring of surrounding rock is influenced by mineral composition and the temperature of the environment, and the influence of the former is much greater than the latter.
Modeling the Social Factors Affecting Students’ Satisfaction with Online Learning: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Alenezi Abdulhameed Rakan
Published: January 2022

While online learning has always faced criticism regarding social issues such as the lack of engagement, interaction, and communication, the COVID-19 social distancing has increased the public’s concern and criticism. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate and model the social factors affecting students’ satisfaction with online learning. The proposed research model was constructed based on the extensive review of relevant literature to determine the critical social factors examined and validated in this research. The data were collected from a total of 258 students using a quantitative method approach. A structural equation modeling technique was utilized in analyzing the obtained data. The findings of the study reveal that all proposed social factors namely social presence, social interaction, social space, social identity, social influence, and social support were found to significantly affect the students’ satisfaction with online learning. The examined factors account for about 56% of the total variance in students’ satisfaction. Several suggestions and recommendations are provided in line with study limitations.
The Correlation between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the Elderly
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Yang Hua , Yang Ping
Published: January 2022

With the improvement of people’s living conditions and changes in social lifestyles, the incidence of type 2 diabetes is gradually increasing, and the number of people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease is also increasing. Based on this, the article collects basic information on 650 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, of which 49.39% are between 60 and 70 years old, 32.46% are between 70 and 80 years old, and 18.15% are between 80 and 90 years old. Through the analysis of related cardiovascular disease risk factors, the correlation between the elderly cardiovascular disease risk factors and type 2 diabetes is explored. The results showed that the correlations between smoking history, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the elderly were 0.987, 0.956, 0.971, and 0.940, respectively. It can be seen that these factors are highly correlated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in the elderly, and smoking history has the strongest correlation, indicating that high levels of smoking may be a key pathogenic factor in the onset of type 2 diabetes. The correlation of other factors is lower than 0.8, indicating that other factors are additional risk factors for the disease. After that, the

p

value was 0.01, and the difference test was passed, which proved the accuracy of the model.
Necessary Conditions for the Existence of Global Solutions to Nonlinear Fractional Differential Inequalities and Systems
Authors: Aldawish Ibtisam , Samet Bessem
Published: January 2022

In this paper, fractional differential inequalities and systems of fractional differential inequalities involving fractional derivatives in the sense of Caputo are investigated. Namely, necessary conditions for the existence of global solutions are obtained. Our approach is based on the test function method and some integral inequalities.
MicroRNA-325-3p Targets Human Epididymis Protein 4 to Relieve Right Ventricular Fibrosis in Rats with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Tang Yi , Huo Xiaowei , Liu Junyu , Tang Yijin , Zhang Min , Xie Wenlin , Zheng Zhaofen , He Jin , Lian Jiayan
Published: January 2022

Background. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) usually causes right ventricular dysfunction, which is closely related to cardiac fibrosis. But cardiac fibrosis mechanism remains unclear. Our purpose was to explore microRNA-325-3p (miR-325-3p)/human epididymis protein 4’s (HE4) role in the occurrence and development of right ventricular fibrosis in PAH. Methods. The right ventricular fibrosis model of rats with PAH was constructed, and miR-325-3p was overexpressed to explore miR-325-3p’s effect on myocardial fibrosis in rats with PAH. Pearson correlation coefficient examined the correlation between HE4 and miR-325-3p. We separated and identified the primary rat myocardial fibroblasts from the heart tissue. Then, the Ang II-treated myocardial fibroblast fibrosis model was constructed. miR-325-3p mimics and si-HE4 and oe-HE4 cell lines were constructed to investigate miR-325-3p and HE4 effects on myocardial cell fibrosis. Then, we added PI3K inhibitor LY294002 to study the effects of HE4 in cell fibrosis by the PI3K/AKT pathway. Starbase was used to predict miR-325-3p and HE4 binding sites. Dual-luciferase reporter assay verified whether miR-325-3p and HE4 were targeted. Results. Overexpression of miR-325-3p alleviated myocardial fibrosis in rats with PAH. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that HE4 was negatively correlated with miR-325-3p expression. Starbase predicted that miR-325-3p had binding sites with HE4. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-325-3p targeted HE4. Overexpression of miR-325-3p downregulated HE4 and inhibited myocardial fibroblast fibrosis. HE4 knockdown inhibited myocardial fibroblast fibrosis. HE4 promoted myocardial fibroblast fibrosis and activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, HE4 affected myocardial fibroblast fibrosis through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusions. miR-325-3p could target HE4 to relieve right ventricular fibrosis in rats with PAH. This study could provide new targets and strategies for right ventricular fibrosis in PAH.
A Novel Nomogram Combining Alternative Splicing Events and Clinical Factors for Prognosis Prediction in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Jun , Niu Li , Zhang Ming-Xia , Wang Hao , Xie Jia-Qi , Sun Guo-Ping
Published: January 2022

Due to limitations of sensitive biomarkers, the clinical prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains poor. Alternative splicing (AS) is the basis of both transcriptome and proteome richness, so more and more evidence indicates an important relationship between AS and tumor progression. The aim of this study was to offer a comprehensive analysis on AS events and then investigate its potentials as a new biomarker for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. In this study, univariate assays were conducted to examine the prognosis-associated AS events, and we screened 4068 survival-related AS events in 2573 genes. Then, the AS events related to survival were further determined and analyzed using LASSO regression and multivariate assays, and an eleven-AS signature was developed. Kaplan–Meier assays indicated patients with high-risk scores exhibited a shorter OS than those with low-risk scores. Multivariate assays further demonstrated that the signature’s risk score was independent of HNSCC survivals. Meanwhile, we analyzed the clinical association of AS-based prognostic signature in HNSCC patients and observed that tumor specimens with advanced stages and grades exhibited a high risk score. In addition, the results of survival nomogram revealed that predicted outcomes and actual outcomes were highly consistent. Overall, our group showed an eleven-AS signature of HNSCC, which could be regarded as a separate prognostic factor.
Performance Management of University Financial Budget Execution Relying on Comprehensive Budget Management Strengthening Model
Authors: Li Huwei , Guo Yanlin
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the effect of college financial budgeting, this paper combines the comprehensive budget management strengthening model to construct the school financial budget execution performance management model and selects data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) as empirical analysis methods. Moreover, this paper puts forward the idea of analyzing the proportion of investment funds and obtains the optimal distribution proportion through mathematical methods. Under the circumstance that the total funding input remains unchanged, this paper adjusts the investment ratio to improve the efficiency of the colleges and centers in the school and combines actual needs to construct an intelligent model of financial budget execution performance management for colleges and universities that relies on the comprehensive budget management enhancement model. In addition, the model effect verification is carried out on this basis. According to the research, the energy system proposed in this paper plays an important role in the performance management evaluation of the financial budget implementation of colleges and universities and can effectively improve the effect of college financial budgets.
Image Motion Deblurring Based on Deep Residual Shrinkage and Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Jiang Wenbo , Liu Anshun
Published: January 2022

A network structure (DRSN-GAN) is proposed for image motion deblurring that combines a deep residual shrinkage network (DRSN) with a generative adversarial network (GAN) to address the issues of poor noise immunity and low generalizability in deblurring algorithms based solely on GANs. First, an end-to-end approach is used to recover a clear image from a blurred image, without the need to estimate a blurring kernel. Next, a DRSN is used as the generator in a GAN to remove noise from the input image while learning residuals to improve robustness. The BN and ReLU layers in the DRSN were moved to the front of the convolution layer, making the network easier to train. Finally, deblurring performance was verified using the GoPro, Köhler, and Lai datasets. Experimental results showed that deblurred images were produced with more subjective visual effects and a higher objective evaluation, compared with algorithms such as MPRNet. Furthermore, image edge and texture restoration effects were improved along with image quality. Our model produced slightly higher PSNR and SSIM values than the latest MPRNet, as well as increased YOLO detection accuracy. The number of required parameters in the DRSN-GAN was also reduced by 21.89%.
Quantification of “Cold-Hot” Medicinal Properties of Chinese Medicines Based on Primary Metabolites and Fisher’s Analysis
Authors: Wang Xian-rui , Cao Ting-ting , Tian Xue-mei , Wang Hui , Wang Yun
Published: January 2022

Background. Chinese medicinal properties (CMP) are an important part of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Quantitative research on the properties of TCMs is of great significance to deepen the understanding and application of the theory of drug properties and promoting the modernization of TCMs. However, these studies are limited to strong subjectivity or distinguish different drug properties based on certain indicators since CMP studies are diverse. Objective. To realize quantitative comparison of same medicinal properties of different Chinese medicines. Method. To solve the above problem, we proposed and explored quantification of Chinese medicinal properties (QMP) and the quantification value of medicinal properties “

R

”. The correlation between primary metabolites and “cold-hot” medicinal properties was explored on the premise of material basis of Chinese herbal medicines and Fisher’s analysis. Based on indicators related to “cold-hot” medicinal properties, we utilized quantitative values “

R

” to characterize the strength or weakness of “cold-hot” medicinal properties. Results. According to QMP, the same medicinal properties were quantified and compared by quantification value of medicinal properties that expressed by alphabet “

R

”. The general theoretical formula of “

R

” deduced is

R
=

l

×
cos
 
θ

/

L

=

∑

i
=
1

n

j

i

p

i

/

∑

i
=
1

n

p

i

2

, in which

n
≥
1

. In the light of formula of “

R

” and indicators related to “cold-hot” medicinal properties, we got “

R

” value of “cold-cool” and “warm-hot” medicinal properties. “

R

” values of “cold-cool” medicinal properties of Phellodendri chinensis cortex, Coptidis rhizoma, and Menthae haplocalycis herba were 0.63, 1.00, and 0.49, respectively. The result showed that Coptidis rhizoma is the most “cold-cool”, followed by Phellodendri chinensis cortex, with Menthae haplocalycis herba is the weakest in the three Chinese medicines, consistent with cognition of TCM theory. Conclusion. QMP has certain guiding significance for the quantification of “cold and hot” drug properties. “

R

” is feasible to realize the quantitative comparison of the same drug properties of different traditional Chinese medicine, which is helpful to promote process of modern Chinese medicine construction.
A Remote Attestation Mechanism Using a Threshold Ring Signature for a Perception Layer of Distributed Networking
Authors: Huang Jing , Chen Jia , Zhang Hui-Juan , Sun Zhe-Yuan , He Shen
Published: January 2022

Due to the emergence of various new technologies, Internet of things (IoT) is gradually becoming one of the most valued technologies at present. The IoT makes our life more and more convenient through the interconnection of everything, but the IoT brings many advantages and also raises some security issues, such as the IoT perception layer as the main means of sensing data delivery, due to the limited resources of sensing nodes and their vulnerability, the diversity of sensing data, and the heterogeneity of the sensing network, making the IoT perception layer more vulnerable to various malicious attacks. Therefore, guaranteeing the trustworthy source of sensing data is the cornerstone to guarantee the secure operation of the sensing layer. In this paper, we investigate the remote proof scheme applicable to the IoT perception layer and propose a remote attestation mechanism using a threshold ring signature for a perception layer of distributed networking, which realizes the trusted proof of a data source and thus can effectively discern the trusted status of the data source, and prove that the proposed scheme in this paper outperforms other remote proof schemes through efficiency analysis and verify the correctness as well as the effectiveness of the scheme in this paper.
A BTM-Based Adaptive Objectionable Short Text Filtering Framework
Authors: Cui Dong , Wen Qiaoyan , Zhang Hua , Li Wenmin , Shi Yijie , Zhou Yingyu , Zhang Lei
Published: January 2022

Many methods are available for objectionable text filtering, such as URL-based filtering, keyword-based filtering, and intelligence-based analysis filtering approaches. URL-based filtering cannot filter the contents of objectionable short text. Keyword-based filtering faces the overblocking issue. Intelligence-based analysis filtering is inefficient and ineffective when filtering objectionable short text. In this paper, a biterm topic modelling- (BTM-) based adaptive objectionable short text filtering framework is proposed. We propose a feature extraction algorithm for objectionable short text and establish a sensitive word feature dataset using the descriptions of applications on the Internet. Then, we construct a judgment standard to automatically select the

K

value of the BTM topic model that can induce self-adaptation. The feature dataset constructed in this paper can effectively reflect the characteristics of objectionable short text. The proposed filtering framework can effectively identify objectionable short text and has a higher filtering rate than other approaches.