bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making someone child-sized forever? Ethical considerations in inhibiting the growth of a developmentally disabled child
Authors: Schmidt Eric B
Published: March 2007

In a recent case, parents of a profoundly developmentally disabled child asked physicians to use high-dose oestrogen to inhibit the growth of their child in the interests of allowing better care of her as she ages. The physicians asked whether such an intervention would be ethically acceptable. Such an intervention would seem to violate the rights of the child to bodily integrity and to normal growth, making the intervention ethically objectionable. But in this paper, I argue that in some rare instances, a developmentally disabled child may have only a minimal right against interference with her growth. In those instances, parents may be acting ethically if they use medical interventions to inhibit the growth of their child for the purposes of facilitating better care. But they may so intervene only when the child's disabilities are so profound that the child has no personal interest in developing an adult size and when the intervention is the least intrusive means available for facilitating the care of the child.
Effects of personality, interrogation techniques and plausibility in an experimental false confession paradigm
Authors: Klaver Jessica R. , Lee Zina , Rose V. Gordon
Published: March 2007

Purpose. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of personality variables, interrogation techniques and the plausibility level of an alleged transgression on the experimental elicitation of false confessions.

Methods. Two hundred and nineteen undergraduate students assessed on measures of compliance, self‐esteem, locus of control and interrogative suggestibility participated in the Kassin and Kiechel (1996) paradigm. Experimental manipulations included minimization and maximization interrogation techniques and high and low plausibility of the alleged typing mistake to examine rates of false confession and internalization.

Results. The overall false confession and internalization rates across all conditions were 43 and 10%, respectively. An increased likelihood of false confession behaviour was associated with higher Shift scores on the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale, the use of minimization interrogation techniques and an increase in the plausibility of the allegation. Females were more likely to falsely confess than males in the high plausibility condition, whereas Caucasian and Asian participants were equally likely to falsely confess. Personality variables, such as compliance, most influenced the behaviour of males and Asians.

Conclusions. The results of this study offer insight into false confession behaviour, suggesting that individuals who have a tendency to change their responses in the face of negative feedback may be more prone to false confession behaviour. The findings also serve to highlight the dangers of using minimization interrogation techniques and elucidate the limited generalizability of the paradigm to situations in which the alleged transgression is less plausible.
Do clinical researchers believe they should be clinically active? A survey in the United States and the United Kingdom
Authors: Meyer Björn
Published: March 2007

Do clinical researchers believe they should be clinically active? In an on‐line survey among 64 senior researchers from the United States (59%) and the United Kingdom (41%), there was a strong consensus that clinical practice is desirable, especially for psychotherapy researchers, but not absolutely necessary. The researchers were uniformly opposed to the idea that researchers should be required by professional organizations to engage in clinical practice. Four advantages of clinical involvement were identified: (1) it experientially grounds researchers in the complexities of clinical reality; (2) it inspires ideas and helps generate hypotheses; (3) it enables researchers to test the practical applicability of research‐based models and interventions and (4) it enhances public credibility and confirms one's identity as a clinical psychologist. However, these benefits were balanced by two salient costs: (1) clinical work is associated with intensive time demands and can therefore potentially interfere with research productivity and (2) exposure to a small number of vivid but unrepresentative clinical cases can cloud one's judgment and interfere with scientific objectivity. The potential of these findings to improve the strained relationship between clinical researchers and practitioners is discussed.
Book Reviews
Authors: Blakeley Georgina , O'Rourke Bernadette , Salmon Keith , Torres Maggie
Published: March 2007

The Quest for Survival after Franco. Moderate Francoism and the Slow Journey to the Polls, 19641977, Cristina Palomares (2004) Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 271 pp., ISBN 1-84519-123-8 (pbk), 17.95

Configuring Community: Theories, Narratives and Practices of
Community Identities in Contemporary Spain, Parvati Nair (2004) London: Modern Languages Research Association, 196 pp., ISBN 1 904350 14 3 (pbk), 35.00

Financial Developments in National and International Markets, Philip Arestis, Jesus Ferreiro and Felipe Serrano (eds.)
(2006) Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants: Palgrave Macmillan, 244 pp., ISBN 13:978-1-4039-9629-9 (hbk), 58

Gendering Spanish Democracy, Monica Threlfall, Christine Cousins and Celia Valiente (2005) London: Routledge, 239 pp., ISBN 0-415 34794-7 (hbk), 80
Patientenverfügung, mutmaßliche Einwilligung und prozedurale Rechtfertigung
Authors: Popp Andreas
Published: March 2007

I. Einleitung

Der Beschluss des 12. Zivilsenats des BGH vom 17.03.2003 zur Mitwirkung des Vormundschaftsgerichts an solchen Entscheidungen, die vom Betreuer stellvertretend für einen aktuell entscheidungsunfähigen Menschen getroffen werden und den Verzicht auf bestimmte lebensverlängernde medizinische Maßnahmen zum Gegenstand haben, hat nicht nur eine breite wissenschaftliche Diskussion über die zivilrechtlichen, strafrechtlichen und verfassungsrechtlichen Aspekte der zugrundeliegenden Problematik (wie auch des explizit rechtsfortbildenden Beschlusses selbst) angestoßen, sondern auch – noch bevor der Fall der US-Amerikanerin Terry Schiavo durch die Medien ging – in der weiteren Öffentlichkeit Beachtung gefunden, nicht zuletzt auf Grund der darin (vermeintlich) zum Ausdruck gebrachten Aufwertung von Patientenverfügungen. Die Entscheidung wird damit – offenbar auch nach den Intentionen des Senats selbst (vgl. S. 222 f.) – Teil eines groß angelegten juristischen, ethischen und nicht zuletzt auch legislatorischen Diskurses um Grundlagen und Reichweite der Patientenautonomie am Lebensende.
Internationaler Strafgerichtshof und Vereinte Nationen in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo
Authors: Hamann Hartmut
Published: March 2007

Der Internationale Strafgerichtshof (IStGH) beschäftigt sich aktuell mit Situationen im Sudan, in der Zentralafrikanischen Republik, in Uganda und in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo (DR Kongo). Anders als im Sudan ist die Untersuchung der Situation in der DR Kongo dem IStGH von der Regierung der DR Kongo übertragen worden und nicht vom Sicherheitsrat. Der Regierung der DR Kongo gehören Mitglieder konkurrierender Rebellenbewegungen an, deren Verwicklung in militärische Auseinandersetzungen, in deren Zusammenhang gravierende Menschenrechtsverletzungen erfolgt sind, jedenfalls nicht von vornherein ausgeschlossen werden kann. Mit der Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies en République démocratique du Congo (MONUC) ist eine umfangreiche UN-Mission in der DR Kongo tätig. Diese UN-Mission hat erklärtermaßen auch zum Ziel, zur Bestrafung der für schwere Menschenrechtsverbrechen verantwortlichen Täter beizutragen. Angesichts der vielfältigen Verwicklungen zwischen verschiedenen regionalen Interessengruppen sowie angesichts de facto fehlender staatlicher Strukturen in weiten Teilen des Landes wird der IStGH wesentlich auf die Zusammenarbeit mit UN-Organisationen angewiesen sein. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die vorhandenen Regelungen einer solchen Zusammenarbeit an einem konkreten Fall näher auszuleuchten. Die Verbrechen in der DR Kongo sind auch nach Auffassung des Sicherheitsrats maßgeblich von wirtschaftlichen Interessen, nämlich dem Kampf um die wertvollen Rohstoffe in der DR Kongo motiviert. Die Ermittlungen des IStGH fallen zeitlich zusammen mit Bemühungen, in der DR Kongo wieder einen Rechtsstaat aufzubauen. Ziel der derzeit geltenden Übergangsverfassung ist es, demokratische Wahlen abzuhalten und eine neue an rechtsstaatlichen Kriterien orientierte Verfassung zu verabschieden.
Book Reviews
Authors: Lassiter Luke Eric
Published: March 2007

'Pictures Bring Us Messages'. Sinaakssiiksi aohtsimaahpihkookiyaawa: Photographs and Histories from the Kainai Nation by Alison K. Brown and Laura Peers, with members of the Kainai Nation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006. 280 pp.

Luke Eric Lassiter is Professor of Humanities and Anthropology and Director of the Graduate Humanities Program at Marshall University Graduate College in South Charleston, West Virginia. His work has focused on elaborating the relationships between community expressions and larger systems of history, identity, and meaning, with particular attention to articulating a model for collaborative ethnography. His books include The Chicago Guide to Collaborative Ethnography (University of Chicago Press, 2005).
Food for Thought: Poverty, Family Nutritional Environment, and Children's Educational Performance in Rural China
Authors: Yu Shengchao , Hannum Emily
Published: March 2007

Insecure access to nutritious food is a common experience for poor households in developing countries. Despite the global scale of food insecurity, it has not been conceptualized by sociologists as a significant component of home environment or dimension of poverty that might matter for children's outcomes. Analyzing data from rural China, the authors show that nutritional environment in the home is associated with household socioeconomic status, that it predicts children's school performance, and that it is a significant mediator of poverty effects on schooling for children in early primary grades.
Akt and Erk signal transduction pathways are early markers of differentiation in dominant and subordinate ovarian follicles in cattle
Authors: Ryan K E , Casey S M , Canty M J , Crowe M A , Martin F , Evans A C O
Published: March 2007

Dominant follicles are those that continue to develop and have the potential to ovulate while subordinate follicles regress. Characteristics of dominant follicles include a larger diameter, higher intrafollicular estradiol, and lower IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-4 concentrations compared with other cohort follicles. Follicle development is regulated by endocrine hormones that act via intracellular signaling pathways. Here, we show the differences in Akt, Erk, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase, and p-38 signaling pathways between dominant and subordinate follicles at the dominance stage of the follicle wave. However, earlier in the follicle wave (dominant follicle selection), there were only differences in the levels of Akt and Erk signal transduction proteins among dominant and subordinate follicles. Using this profile of Akt and Erk protein expression in granulosa and theca cells of selected dominant follicles compared with subordinate follicles, we suggest a predictive model to identify future dominant and subordinate follicles from the pool of otherwise similar cohort follicles at the time of follicle wave emergence. We conclude that the Erk and Akt signal transduction pathways are important for dominant follicle selection and development and, furthermore, that the observed differences in these pathways mark the future dominant follicle from subordinate follicles before differences in follicular diameter, follicular fluid estradiol, and IGFBP-4 concentrations are apparent.
Movement of Walleyes in Lakes Erie and St. Clair Inferred from Tag Return and Fisheries Data
Authors: Wang Hui‐Yu , Rutherford Edward S. , Cook H. Andrew , Einhouse Donald W. , Haas Robert C. , Johnson Timothy B. , Kenyon Roger , Locke Brian , Turner Mark W.
Published: March 2007

Lake Erie walleyes Sander vitreus support important fisheries and have been managed as one stock, although preliminary tag return and genetic analyses suggest the presence of multiple stocks that migrate among basins within Lake Erie and into other portions of the Great Lakes. We examined temporal and spatial movement and abundance patterns of walleye stocks in the three basins of Lake Erie and in Lake St. Clair with the use of tag return and sport and commercial catch‐per‐unit effort (CPUE) data from 1990 to 2001. Based on summer tag returns, western basin walleyes migrated to the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie and to Lake St. Clair and southern Lake Huron, while fish in the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie and in Lake St. Clair were primarily caught within the basins where they were tagged. Seasonal changes in sport and commercial effort and CPUE in Lake Erie confirmed the walleye movements suggested by tag return data. Walleyes tagged in the western basin but recaptured in the central or eastern basin of Lake Erie were generally larger (or older) than those recaptured in the western basin of Lake Erie or in Lake St. Clair. Within spawning stocks, female walleyes had wider ranges of movement than males and there was considerable variation in movement direction, minimum distance moved (mean distance between tagging sites and recapture locations), and mean length among individual spawning stocks. Summer temperatures in the western basin often exceeded the optimal temperature (20–23°C) for growth of large walleyes, and the migration of western basin walleyes might represent a size‐dependent response to warm summer temperatures. Cooler temperatures and abundant soft‐rayed fish probably contributed to an energetically favorable foraging habitat in the central and eastern basins that attracted large walleyes during summer.
Modeling Annual Growth Variation using a Hierarchical Bayesian Approach and the von Bertalanffy Growth Function, with Application to Lake Trout in Southern Lake Huron
Authors: He J. X. , Bence J. R.
Published: March 2007

We compared two models for time‐varying growth using a hierarchical Bayesian approach to inference. Both models were derived from the same time‐invariant von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF), and our model comparisons were based on the deviance information criterion. We fit models to length and age data for 15,675 individual lake troutSalvelinus namaycushcollected during annual spring gill‐net surveys in southern Lake Huron from 1976 to 2004. We found that a model structured with both year and cohort effects outperformed a model that only used the same year‐specific VBGF parameters for all age‐groups. For the better model, the full version that allowed all VBGF parameters to vary over time also outperformed alternatives for which some parameters were constant. Length at age changed greatly over the 1976–2004 period, and in some years different ages changed in different directions. These complex patterns, which were due to the combination of cohort‐specific growth and year‐specific changes in growth environment, were well captured by our model. When we modeled growth as varying over time, inferences about VBGF parameters differed between the two models, and correlations among VBGF parameters also differed from the usually reported relations based on time‐invariant models.
Predicting footfall-induced vibration: Part 2
Authors: Willford M. , Young P. , Field C.
Published: March 2007

This is the second part of a two-part paper which reviews methods that are currently available for the prediction of footfall-induced vibration in structures. Part 1 considered methods appropriate for floors and bridges with vertical natural modes below 10 Hz. Part 2 considers floors with a first vertical mode over 10 Hz. The theoretical basis, complexity, robustness, reliability and limitations of four different predictive techniques are considered here.
Composite silver electrode for double‐sided‐emitting stacked organic light‐emitting diode
Authors: Sun J. X. , Zhu X. L. , Meng Z. G. , Yu X. M. , Wong M. , Kwok H. S.
Published: March 2007

Abstract—A reflective composite silver electrode is proposed and characterized as the middle electrode of a stacked organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) with double‐sided light emission. The proposed electrode is composed of a thermally evaporated stack of LiF (1 nm)/Al (3 nm)/Ag (70 nm) layers. The LiF/Al and the plasma‐treated Ag of the electrode function well as the respective cathode and anode of the bottom‐ and top‐emitting stacked OLEDs, with both being of the non‐inverted type. Power efficiencies of 10.3 and 12.1 lm/W at 100 cd/m2have been measured for bottom‐ and top‐emitting OLEDs, respectively, using dye doping. The stacked OLED having this bipolar middle electrode can be constructed as a two‐terminal‐only device, allowing for simpler driving schemes in double‐side‐emitting passive‐/active‐matrix OLED displays.
In‐band scalable video coding with integrated wavelet‐based display driving
Authors: Lam San , Verdicchio Fabio , De Smet Herbert , Munteanu Adrian
Published: March 2007

Abstract— The increasing demand for multimedia over networks and the heterogeneous nature of today's networks and playback devices impose the stringent need for scalable video coding. In this context, in‐band wavelet‐based video‐coding architectures offer full scalability in terms of quality, resolution, and frame‐rate and provide compression performance competitive with that of state‐of‐the‐art non‐scalable technology. Despite these advances, video streaming over wireless networks to handheld terminals is lagging in popularity due to the high power consumption of the existing portable devices. As a possible approach to alleviate this problem, the integration of wavelet‐based passive‐matrix‐display driving into the inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT) block of the in‐band video decoding architecture was investigated. In a nutshell, the IDWT no longer needs to be performed by the decoder, being synthesized instead by the display itself. This integration reduces the number of calculations required to generate the driving waveforms for passive‐matrix displays and inherently leads to reduced power consumption on portable terminals. Moreover, the wavelet transform and the considered video‐codec architecture are both resolution‐scalable. Hence, the resolution‐scalability feature of the video codec, enabling resolution‐scalable display driving, is another means to control the power consumption of the portable device.
Borderline Personality Symptomatology and History of Domestic Violence Among Women in an Internal Medicine Setting
Authors: Sansone Randy A. , Reddington Anne , Sky Karen , Wiederman Michael W.
Published: March 2007

In this study of primary care patients, we examined the relationship between a history of domestic violence (measured with the Severity of Violence Against Women Scale [SVAWS]) and borderline personality (measured with the Self-Harm Inventory [SHI] and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 [PDQ-4]). We elected borderline personality for examination because several diagnostic criteria sets describe relationship features suggestive of partner abuse. In this study, both measures of borderline personality were highly related to each other (r = .73, p < .001) as well as to the SVAWS (r = .70, p < .001, for the SHI; r = .73, p < .001, for the PDQ-4). Using diagnostic cutoff scores on the measures for borderline personality, 64.0% of those with histories of domestic violence scored in the positive range on either or both measures, while only 11.1% of nonabused women did. We discuss the clinical implications of these findings.
Removal of Humic Substances from Water by Means of Calcium‐Ion‐Enriched Natural Zeolites
Authors: Capasso S. , Colella C. , Coppola E. , Iovino P. , Salvestrini S.
Published: March 2007

The ability of the natural zeolited Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) enriched with calcium ions to remove humic acids from water was evaluated by batch adsorption equilibrium tests and dynamic experiments carried out by percolating humic acid solutions through a small NYT column (breakthrough curves). Under the experimental condition explored, the sorption capacity increases with the ionic strength and has the highest value at pH 7.4. The partition coefficient for a low concentration of humic acid ([humic acid] → 0), at pH 7.4 in 0.01 M sodium chloride, was approximately 1000 L/kg, versus the value of approximately 100 L/kg in the absence of the alkaline metal salt. Therefore, after humic acids have been adsorbed in a column filled with the calcium‐ion‐enriched tuff, a reduction of the salt concentration in the ongoing solution enhances the release of the adsorbed material. These findings show that NYT can be used for the removal of humic acids from water.
Antimicrobial peptides: an overview of a promising class of therapeutics
Authors: Giuliani Andrea , Pirri Giovanna , Nicoletto Silvia
Published: March 2007

Antibiotic resistance is increasing at a rate that far exceeds the pace of new development of drugs. Antimicrobial peptides, both synthetic and from natural sources, have raised interest as pathogens become resistant against conventional antibiotics. Indeed, one of the major strengths of this class of molecules is their ability to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides are relatively small (6 to 100 aminoacids), amphipathic molecules of variable length, sequence and structure with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. They usually act through relatively non-specific mechanisms resulting in membranolytic activity but they can also stimulate the innate immune response. Several peptides have already entered pre-clinical and clinical trials for the treatment of catheter site infections, cystic fibrosis, acne, wound healing and patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. We review the advantages of these molecules in clinical applications, their disadvantages including their low in vivo stability, high costs of production and the strategies for their discovery and optimization.
Phase Transition in Tl2TeO3: Influence and Origin of the Thallium Lone Pair Distortion.
Authors: Rieger Franziska , Mudring Anja‐Verena
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stabilization of Platinum Oxygen‐Reduction Electrocatalysts Using Gold Clusters.
Authors: Zhang J. , Sasaki K. , Sutter E. , Adzic R. R.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
{Ge10Si [Si(SiMe3)3] 4(SiMe3)2Me}‐: A Ge10Si Framework Reveals a Structural Transition onto Elemental Germanium.
Authors: Schnepf Andreas
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Endohedral Stannaspherenes M@Sn‐12: A Rich Class of Stable Molecular Cage Clusters.
Authors: Cui Li‐Feng , Huang Xin , Wang Lei‐Ming , Li Jun , Wang Lai‐Sheng
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Intercalation of Iodic Acid into the Layered Uranyl Iodate, UO2(IO3)2(H2O).
Authors: Ling Jie , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electroreductive Generation of (S)‐(+)‐N,N‐Dimethyl‐2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐pyrrolidinium Mercury Compound for Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐1‐alkyl/aryl Ethanols.
Authors: Yadav Ashok K. , Manju Meera
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Scandium‐Catalyzed Carbon—Carbon Bond Formations Using α‐Organosulfanyl and Organoselanyl‐α‐fluoroacetic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Gotoh Kohei , Yamamoto Teruhisa , Yoshimatsu Mitsuhiro
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring‐Expansion Reaction of Cyclic β‐Keto Esters or α‐Cyano Ketones via Conjugate Addition to Alkynyl Imines: The Synthesis of Functionalized Medium‐Sized Carbocycles.
Authors: Hachiya Iwao , Maehara Wataru , Yamada Yasushi , Kamiki Toru , Shimizu Makoto
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organozirconium‐Mediated Solution‐ and Solid‐Phase Synthesis of 3‐Benzyl Pyrrolidines and Other Potentially Neuroactive Amines.
Authors: Hunter Rupert A. , Macfarlane Donald P. S. , Whitby Richard J.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rearrangement of 3,3‐Disubstituted Indolenines and Synthesis of 2,3‐Substituted Indoles.
Authors: Liu Kevin G. , Robichaud Albert J. , Lo Jennifer R. , Mattes James F. , Cai Yanxuan
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the Enantiomers of the Dual Function 2‐Nitroimidazole Radiation Sensitizer RB 6145.
Authors: Sercel Anthony D. , Beylin Vladimir G. , Marlatt Mark E. , Leja Boguslawa , Showalter H. D. Hollis , Michel Andre
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fused [5,5]‐1,2,4‐Triazoles via Tandem Thioimidate Cyclopropane Rearrangement—Cyclization.
Authors: Di Marco Christina Ng , Kuduk Scott D.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Claisen Rearrangement of Bridged Bicyclic Enol Ethers of Relevance to the Course of Ketene s‐cis‐Diene Cycloaddition.
Authors: Robertson Jeremy , Fowler Thomas G.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed, Enantioselective Oxodiene Diels—Alder Reactions with Low Catalyst Loadings.
Authors: He Ming , Uc Gerson J. , Bode Jeffrey W.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unusual Terpyridines as Ligands for Novel Light‐Emitting Iridium(III) Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization.
Authors: Winter Andreas , Ulbricht Christoph , Holder Elisabeth , Risch Nikolaus , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
P—C Bond Formation via Direct and Three‐Component Conjugate Addition Catalyzed by 1,5,7‐Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene (TBD).
Authors: Jiang Zhiyong , Zhang Yan , Ye Weiping , Tan Choon‐Hong
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Uncatalyzed Addition of TMSCN to Acylphosphonates.
Authors: Demir Ayhan S. , Reis Oemer , Kayalar Metin , Eymur Serkan , Reis Barbaros
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Relativistic Functional Groups: Aryl Carbon—Gold Bond Formation by Selective Transmetalation of Boronic Acids.
Authors: Partyka David V. , Zeller Matthias , Hunter Allen D. , Gray Thomas G.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemical Constituents of Malagasy Liverworts: Cyclomyltaylanoids from Bazzania madagassa. Part 4.
Authors: Harinantenaina Liva , Kurata Ritsu , Takaoka Shigeru , Asakawa Yoshinori
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oleanane‐Type Triterpenes of Embelia schimperi Leaves.
Authors: Manguro Lawrence Onyango Arot , Okwiri Steve Onyango , Lemmen Peter
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel One‐Pot Reaction Involving Organocopper‐Mediated Reduction/Transmetalation/Asymmetric Alkylation, Leading to the Diastereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized (Z)‐Fluoroalkene Dipeptide Isosteres.
Authors: Narumi Tetsuo , Niida Ayumu , Tomita Kenji , Oishi Shinya , Otaka Akira , Ohno Hiroaki , Fujii Nobutaka
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Aliphatic α‐Amino and γ‐Hydroxy α‐Amino Acids and Introduction of a Template for Crystallization‐Induced Asymmetric Transformation.
Authors: Jakubec Pavol , Berkes Dusan , Kolarovic Andrej , Povazanec Frantisek
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Exclusive Formation of α‐Anomers in NbCl5‐Promoted Ferrier Rearrangement for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Unsaturated Glycosides.
Authors: de Oliveira Ronaldo N. , de Melo Adriana C. N. , Srivastava Rajendra M. , Sinou Denis
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Oasomycin A. Part 2. Synthesis of the C29—C46 Subunit.
Authors: Evans David A. , Nagorny Pavel , Reynolds Dominic J. , McRae Kenneth J.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Strain‐Free Total Resonant Sextet Benzenoids and Their Antisextet Dualistis and Retro‐Leapfrogs.
Authors: Dias Jerry Ray
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemical Database Mining Through Entropy‐Based Molecular Similarity Assessment of Randomly Generated Structural Fragment Populations.
Authors: Batista Jose , Bajorath Juergen
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Interpretation of Scoring Functions Using 3D Molecular Fields. Mapping the Diacyl‐Hydrazine‐Binding Pocket of an Insect Ecdysone Receptor.
Authors: Bordas B. , Belai I. , Lopata A. , Szanto Z.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ADME Evaluation in Drug Discovery. Part 7. Prediction of Oral Absorption by Correlation and Classification.
Authors: Hou Tingjun , Wang Junmei , Zhang Wei , Xu Xiaojie
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In vitro Drug Sensitivity‐Gene Expression Correlations Involve a Tissue of Origin Dependency.
Authors: Andersson C. R. , Fryknaes M. , Rickardson L. , Larsson R. , Isaksson A. , Gustafsson M. G.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Trace Determination of Steroids Causing Age‐Related Diseases Using LC/MS Combined with Detection‐Oriented Derivatization
Authors: Higashi Tatsuya
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis Uses of Ynolates
Authors: Shindo Mitsuru
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Recent Advances in Stereoselective Syntheses Using N‐Acylimines
Authors: Petrini Marino , Torregiani Elisabetta
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Controlled Microwave Heating as an Enabling Technology: Expedient Synthesis of Protease Inhibitors in Perspective
Authors: Larhed Mats , Wannberg Johan , Hallberg Anders
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Phosphonated Nucleosides. Part 1. Furanose, Carbocyclic and Heterocyclic Analogues
Authors: Piperno Anna , Chiacchio Maria A. , Iannazzo Daniela , Romeo Roberto
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
TurboGrignard: Lithium‐Powered Halogen—Magnesium Exchange Reactions
Authors: Murso Alexander , Rittmeyer Peter
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polymer Chain Dynamics in Solution Probed with a Fluorescence Blob Model
Authors: Duhamel Jean
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Phosphate Recognition in Structural Biology
Authors: Hirsch Anna K. H. , Fischer Felix R. , Diederich Francois
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electron Transfer Processes in DNA: Mechanisms, Biological Relevance and Applications in DNA Analytics
Authors: Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Ligand‐Based Virtual Screening Using Data Fusion
Authors: Willett Peter
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ADMET Property Prediction: The State of the Art and Current Challenges
Authors: Gola Joelle , Obrezanova Olga , Champness Ed , Segall Matthew
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Drugs Modulating the Biological Effects of Peroxynitrite and Related Nitrogen Species
Authors: Olmos Ana , Giner Rosa M. , Manez Salvador
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Maternal postpartum behavior and the emergence of infant–mother and infant–father synchrony in preterm and full‐term infants: The role of neonatal vagal tone
Authors: Feldman Ruth , Eidelman Arthur I.
Published: March 2007

Relations between maternal postpartum behavior and the emergence of parent‐infant relatedness as a function of infant autonomic maturity were examined in 56 premature infants (birthweight = 1000–1500 g) and 52 full‐term infants. Maternal behavior, mother depressive symptoms, and infant cardiac vagal tone were assessed in the neonatal period. Infant–mother and infant–father synchrony, maternal and paternal affectionate touch, and the home environment were observed at 3 months. Premature birth was associated with higher maternal depression, less maternal behaviors, decreased infant alertness, and lower coordination of maternal behavior with infant alertness in the neonatal period. At 3 months, interactions between premature infants with their mothers and fathers were less synchronous. Interaction effects of premature birth and autonomic maturity indicated that preterm infants with low vagal tone received the lowest amounts of maternal behavior in the postpartum and the least maternal touch at 3 months. Infant–mother and infant–father synchrony were each predicted by cardiac vagal tone and maternal postpartum behavior in both the preterm and full‐term groups. Among preterm infants, additional predictors of parent–infant synchrony were maternal depression (mother only) and the home environment (mother and father). Findings are consistent with evolutionary perspectives on the higher susceptibility of dysregulated infants to rearing contexts and underscore the compensatory mechanisms required for social‐emotional growth under risk conditions for parent–infant bonding. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 290–302, 2007.
Errors in response calculations for non‐classically damped structures
Authors: Warburton G. B. , Soni S. R.
Published: March 2007

The classical normal mode method of determining response is extremely useful for practical calculations, but depends upon the damping matrix being orthogonal with respect to the modal vectors. Approximations that allow the method to be used when this condition is not satisfied have been suggested; the simplest approach is to neglect off‐diagonal terms in the triple matrix product formed from the damping and modal matrices. In this paper the errors in response caused by this approximation are determined for several simple structures for a wide range of damping parameters and different types of excitation. Based on these results a criterion, relating modal damping and natural frequencies, is formulated; if this is satisfied, the errors in response caused by this diagonalization procedure are within acceptable limits.
Elastic earthquake analysis of torsionally coupled multistorey buildings
Authors: Kan Christopher L. , Chopra Anil K.
Published: March 2007

With the aid of perturbation analysis of vibration frequencies and mode shapes it is shown that any lower vibration mode of a torsionally coupled building may be approximated as a linear combination of three vibration modes of the corresponding torsionally uncoupled system (a system with coincident centres of mass and resistance but all other properties are identical to the actual system): one translational mode along each of the two principal axes of resistance and one mode in torsional vibration. This result provides the motivation for a simpler—relative to the standard—procedure for analysing the response of torsionally coupled multistorey buildings to earthquake ground motion. To illustrate the application and accuracy of this procedure two numerical examples are presented.
A new look at the newmark, houbolt and other time stepping formulas. A weighted residual approach
Authors: Zienkiewicz O. C.
Published: March 2007

The Newmark time stepping algorithm which was introduced in 1959, using constants γ and β which average the integration process, can be rederived as the most general finite element‐weighted residual algorithm involving three consecutive sets of displacements. This derivation is much simpler than that involved originally in the New‐mark presentation, and indicates a very wide range of possibilities of approximation. The application of the process to four point (cubic) algorithms leads to another family of formulas of which the Houbolt algorithm is a particular case.

The use of the generalized expressions in the context of first‐order equations is indicated and shows how some new, as well as some of the old, formulas can be developed.
Aseismic design implications of near‐fault san fernando earthquake records
Authors: Bertero Vitelmo V. , Mahin Stephen A. , Herrera Ricardo A.
Published: March 2007

Near‐fault records of the 1971 San Fernando earthquake contain severe, long duration acceleration pulses which result in unusually large ground velocity increments. A review of these records along with the results of available theoretical studies of near‐fault ground motions indicates that such acceleration pulses may be characteristic of near‐fault sites in general.

The results of an analytical study of a building severely damaged during the San Fernando earthquake indicate that such severe, long duration acceleration pulses were the cause of the main features of the observed structural damage. The implications of such pulses on current aseismic design methods, particularly those used to establish design earthquakes, are examined for buildings located near potential earthquake faults. Analytical studies of the non‐linear dynamic response of single and multiple degree‐of‐freedom systems to several near‐fault records, as well as to a more standard accelerogram, indicate that at near‐fault sites: (a) very large displacement ductilities may result for current levels of code design forces; (b) smoothed elastic design response spectra should reflect the larger ground velocities that may occur; and (c) peak inelastic response cannot reliably be inferred from elastic response predictions.
Mechanical and microstructural properties of hybrid poly(ethylene glycol)–soy protein hydrogels for wound dressing applications
Authors: Snyders Rony , Shingel Kirill I. , Zabeida Oleg , Roberge Christophe , Faure Marie‐Pierre , Martinu Ludvik , Klemberg‐Sapieha Jolanta E.
Published: March 2007

Biomimetic hydrogel made of poly(ethylene glycol) and soy protein with a water content of 96% has been developed for moist wound dressing applications. In this study, such hybrid hydrogels were investigated by both tensile and unconfined compression measurements in order to understand the relationships between structural parameters of the network, its mechanical properties and protein absorptionin vitro. Elastic moduli were found to vary from 1 to 17 kPa depending on the composition, while the Poisson's ratio (≈0.18) and deformation at break (≈300%) showed no dependence on this parameter. Further calculations yielded the crosslinking concentration, the average molecular weight between crosslinks (MC) and the mesh size. The results show that reactions between PEG and protein create polymeric chains comprising molecules of PEG and protein fragments between crosslinks.MCis three times higher than that expected for a “theoretical network.” On the basis of this data, we propose a model for the 3D network of the hydrogel, which is found to be useful for understanding drug release properties and biomedical potential of the studied material. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2007
Detection of salivary α‐amylase and lysozyme exposed on the pellicle formed in situ on different materials
Authors: Hannig Christian , Huber Karin , Lambrichts Ivo , Gräser Jan , D'Haen Jan , Hannig Matthias
Published: March 2007

Amylase and lysozyme are components of the salivary pellicle, exposing considerable enzymatic activity in the immobilized state. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the influence of different solid substrata on the amount and distribution of amylase and lysozyme exposed on the surface of the salivary pellicle formed in situ. Slabs of titanium, feldspar ceramic, and bovine enamel were fixed on the buccal sites of individual splints worn by three subjects for 3 or 30 min, respectively, to allow pellicle formation. Subsequently, slabs were removed from the splints and rinsed with running water. Detection of amylase and lysozyme was performed by FEI‐SEM after gold‐immunolabeling of the enzymes. Both enzymes were found to be distributed randomly at the pellicle surface. Irrespective of formation time and substratum, significantly more labeled lysozyme molecules (5.23 ± 4.5 μm−2) were detected compared with amylase (3.4 ± 2.9 μm−2). Neither the substratum nor the pellicle formation time had significant impact on the amount of the respective enzyme that could be detected. This study for the first time provides evidence, that amylase and lysozyme are exposed at the surface of the salivary pellicle formed in situ on titanium and ceramics. Both enzymes are distributed randomly on the surface of the pellicle, irrespective of the underlying substratum. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2007