bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monnaies grecques autonomes et romaines provinciales de Champagne-Ardenne et des fouilles récentes de Reims (Marne)
Authors: Doyen Jean-Marc
Published: February 2015

La région de Champagne-Ardenne, occupée dans l’Antiquité par les Rèmes, a livré quarante-sept monnaies « grecques et assimilées » issues de vingt-deux sites différents, sur un total de 30 173 monnaies antiques inventoriées. Reims (Marne), avec six exemplaires, se place devant Langres (Haute-Marne), mais derrière Château-Porcien (Ardennes) et ses huit exemplaires. Si Marseille apporte à peu près une pièce sur six, les origines relevées sont fort diverses, allant de l’Espagne à la Mésopotamie (Séleucie du Tigre). L’examen des rares contextes connus montre que ce numéraire, émis entre le iv e s. av. et le iii e s. ap. J.-C., se diffuse dans la région essentiellement à date tardive, sans doute aux iii e et iv e s. de n. è. Quelques rares exemplaires pourraient toutefois être arrivés chez les Rèmes dès la fin de l’Âge du Fer, comme dans les régions limitrophes, par exemple à Saint-Thomas « Le Vieux Laon ».
Du répertoire hallstattien au répertoire laténien dans le Nord de la France. Première analyse typologique, chronologique et culturelle des corpus céramiques du Hallstatt D à La Tène A1 (VII e -V e s. av. J.-C.)
Authors: Bardel David , Buchez Nathalie , Henton Alain , Leroy-Langelin Emmanuelle , Sergent Angélique , Gutierrez Caroline , Géant Lucile
Published: February 2015

Ce recueil d’hommages à Germaine Leman-Delerive a généré un travail collectif lié à la céramique de la fin du premier et début du second Âge du Fer (Hallstatt D – LT A1) dans les départements du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Somme. Le but est de proposer un premier bilan documentaire sur la typochronologie des mobiliers domestiques. L’étude comparative d’ensembles, appuyée par un outil de sériation et les indications fournies par les mobiliers associés et/ou les datations radiocarbones, permet de proposer une première trame d’évolution en quatre étapes, mises en correspondance de manière encore imprécise avec la fin du Hallstatt ancien et/ou le début du Hallstatt moyen (Hallstatt C2/D1), le Hallstatt moyen, voire le début du Hallstatt final (Ha D1/2), le Hallstatt final jusqu’à la transition avec La Tène ancienne (Hallstatt D2-D3) et enfin le début de La Tène ancienne (La Tène A1). Le renouvellement du répertoire est progressif, sans rupture significative, avec un registre morphologique fortement marqué par la carène depuis le début du Hallstatt D. L’appréhension des faciès régionaux se heurte aux vides documentaires et au peu d’information disponible pour la partie littorale de la zone d’étude. Des pistes de réflexion et un scénario évolutif sont toutefois dégagés. L’existence de deux faciès initiaux de part et d’autre de la vallée de l’Escaut tend à s’atténuer au cours du Hallstatt final, avec l’émergence d’un faciès régional « picard », qui va lui-même converger vers les répertoires du domaine Aisne-Marne de la fin du Hallstatt final, jusqu’à s’y confondre davantage au début de La Tène ancienne.
Vingt-cinq années d'archéologie de la Grande Guerre dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais, bilan et perspectives
Authors: Desfossés Yves , Jacques Alain , Prilaux Gilles
Published: February 2015

À l’aube des commémorations du Centenaire, l’archéologie de la Grande Guerre est devenue un domaine de cette science à part entière, archéologie préventive mais aussi programmée, s’emparant de plus en plus de ces problématiques sur l’ensemble des anciennes zones de combats. En raison de son positionnement géographique et de la présence d’archéologues sensibilisés dès les premières confrontations avec les vestiges de la Grande Guerre aux problématiques émergentes sur le sujet, la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais fait figure de terre pionnière en la matière. Nous essayons de retracer ici, par le biais de quelques exemples régionaux de fouilles emblématiques pour le sujet, l’histoire de sa participation particulièrement active à la fondation de cette discipline et le rôle majeur qu’ont tenu ces interventions de terrain dans la définition des problématiques qui guident désormais les recherches sur les anciennes lignes de front et leurs arrières.
Using the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) for Dysphagia Screening in Acute Stroke Patients
Authors: John Jennilee St. , Berger Linley
Published: February 2015

Aspiration pneumonia from dysphagia following stroke presents significant morbidity and mortality in that population. Dysphagia screening before oral intake has been a standard of care for years, but there is a lack of consensus on the best screening tool. The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) is presented as a potentially better alternative to other dysphagia screens due to its safer progression of oral intake, more thorough evaluation of swallowing, and ability to enable earlier nutrition.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2015;46(3):103–104.
The Lived Experience of New Graduate Nurses Working in an Acute Care Setting
Authors: McCalla-Graham James A. , De Gagne Jennie C.
Published: February 2015

The high attrition rate of graduate nurses will exacerbate the current nursing shortage as Baby Boomer nurses (born between 1946 and 1964) retire, negatively affecting the quality of patient care and increasing employer costs. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of new graduate nurses employed in an acute care setting in southwest Florida. This information provides further guidance to nurse educators as they develop curricula, support graduate nurses to transition into professional practice, and create strategies to increase retention. Ten participants who were traditional students in generic baccalaureate nursing programs, selected through purposeful and snowball sampling, were interviewed via open-ended questions. Using Colaizzi’s classic phenomenological method of data analysis and NVivo 10 software, three overarching themes emerged—knowledge, skills, and environment—which were interpreted in relation to graduates’ lived experience. Recommendations include implementation of innovative initiatives that address new graduates’ experience and increase retention.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2015;46(3):122–128.
Causal Relationship Model of the Information and Communication Technology Skill Affect the Technology Acceptance Process in the 21ST Century for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Amornkitpinyo Thanyatorn , Piriyasurawong Pallop
Published: February 2015

The objective of this study is to design a framework for a causal relationship model of the Information and Communication Technology skills that affect the Technology Acceptance Process (TAP) for undergraduate students in the 21ST Century. This research uses correlational analysis. A consideration of the research methodology is divided into two sections. The first section involves a synthesis concept framework for process acceptance of the causal relationship model of the Information and Communication Technology skills that affect the Technology Acceptance Process for undergraduate students in the 21ST Century. The second section proposes the design concept framework of the model. The research findings are as follows:

1) The exogenous latent variables included in the causal relationship model of the Information and Communication Technology skills that affect the Technology Acceptance Process for undergraduate students in the 21ST Century are basic ICT skills and self-efficacy.

2) The mediating latent variables of the causal relationship model of the Information and Communication Technology skills that affect the Technology Acceptance Process for undergraduate students in the 21ST Century are from the TAM Model, these includes three components: 1) perceived usefulness, 2) perceived ease of use and 3) attitudes.

3) The outcome latent variable of the causal relationship model of the Information and Communication Technology skills that affect the Technology Acceptance Process for undergraduate students in the 21ST Century is behavioural intention.
Engaging Students through Blogs: Using Blogs to Boost a Course Experience
Authors: Shana Zuhrieh A , Abulibdeh Enas S
Published: February 2015

Globalization is irreversible and the Internet is increasingly used to connect people and share information worldwide. The proliferation of digital information allows us to make choices about how we gather information and use technology to enhance learning. This is especially true in an academic environment, where the Internet is often used as a tool to facilitate deeper learning.

The focus of this study is to investigate whether and how to use blogs to boost student learning in a traditional learning environment where lecture based (didactic) instructional practices still prevailing. This paper will also look at Al-Ain University of Science and Technology (AAU) student perceptions of the benefits of blogs for enhancing college learning.

To explore these issues, Blogging was introduced to students in the Internet Technology class. A combination of one hundred and ninety-nine graduate and undergraduate AAU students answered an online questionnaire exploring their perceptions of blogs as a learning tool. Quantitative and qualitative data was also collected through open-ended questionnaires, student journals and reports, and end-of-class e-portfolios.

All statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS. Results indicate that blogs have the potential to empower and enhance student learning. Student response to using blogs in the course has been overwhelmingly positive.
Using High Performance Scientific Computing to Accelerate the Discovery and Design of Nuclear Power Applications
Authors: Popa-Simil Liviu
Published: February 2015

Present High Performance Scientific Computing (HPSC) systems are facing strong limitations when full integration from nano-materials to operational system is desired. The HPSC have to be upgraded from the actual designed exa-scale machines probably available after 2015 to even higher computer power and storage capability to yotta-scale in order to simulate systems from nano-scale up to macro scale as a way to greatly improve the safety and performances of the future advanced nuclear power structures. The road from the actual peta-scale systems to yotta-scale computers, which would barely be sufficient for current calculation needs, is difficult and requires new revolutionary ideas in HPSC, and probably the large-scale use of Quantum Supercomputers (QSC) that are now in the development stage.
Steganography Encoding as Inverse Data Mining
Authors: Ophir Dan
Published: February 2015

Supercomputers and cloud computing seem to be competing paradigms. Supercomputing focuses on increasing CPU speed, thus significantly increasing the speed of its associated memory access and its capacity. Conversely, cloud computing increases the computing throughput by parallel computing, spreading computing tasks over unused nodes and platforms. Steganography, the art of concealing a message within a message, is a type of encoding whose operations are required to remain secret. Steganography encoding requires data manipulation and is linked to data mining methodologies. Data mining reveals concealed data that is embedded in exposed data. Encoding by steganography is reverse data mining, hiding data among visible data. Conventionally, encryption methods are used to successfully hide the data. Cloud computing can take the data and disperse it in a way that even without any encryption, each individual packet of data is meaningless, thus hiding the message as like by steganography. This chapter explores steganography encoding as inverse data mining.
Changes in Students' Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategy Use over Five Years of Secondary Schooling
Authors: Askell-Williams Helen , Lawson Michael J.
Published: February 2015

As students progress through school, we expect that their knowledge about the various subject matters, such as biology or maths, becomes more extensive, well structured, and readily available for application in diverse contexts. This chapter reports the authors' enquiry about whether students' cognitive and metacognitive knowledge and strategies do grow during secondary school. Questionnaires were administered to students in three South Australian secondary schools in each of five consecutive years. Hierarchical linear modelling was used to investigate changes in students' responses over time. Results showed little change in students' reports of their cognitive and metacognitive strategy use. The disappointing growth trajectories suggest that cognitive and metacognitive strategies for learning are not subject to the explicit teaching and evaluation processes applied to other school subjects. Questions are raised about whether schools and teachers value and recognise the importance of cognitive and metacognitive strategies for good quality learning across subject domains.
Visual Mental Imagery
Authors: Wang Lihui , Lawson Michael J.
Published: February 2015

Opinions diverge on the nature of visual mental imagery as a form of representation. Researchers adopting the pictorial position propose that visual mental imagery is concrete and pictorial in nature. Researchers adopting the propositional position believe that visual mental imagery is abstract and verbal in nature and deny images as an original form of information presentation. This chapter reviews the opposing theoretical stances and proposes that an acceptable resolution of the debate could be a dual representation position that takes visual mental imagery as a key representational format, suggesting complementary and integrating roles for verbal and pictorial representations in accounting for certain cognitive phenomena.
Shaping a Strengths-Based Approach to Relational Leadership
Authors: Bell Michael , Palmer Carolyn
Published: February 2015

Much of the contemporary research and theorising on educational leaders' practices has portrayed leadership as a relatively static set of interactions between entities. In contrast, the social constructionist literature revisits the organic, relational, and emerging becoming-in-the-world. This approach to leadership research has implications for the practices of leaders, leadership formation programs, research itself, and the position of the researcher. In this chapter, the authors argue that the formation of educational leadership is a critical, relational concern, to which considerable attention is warranted. The authors contend that rather than merely deconstructing the status quo, research through a relational lens engages in a co-re-constructing, or shaping, of our collective aspirations and the strategies we employ.
Translating Research Knowledge into Effective School Practice in the Field of Social and Emotional Learning
Authors: Lendrum Ann , Humphrey Neil
Published: February 2015

Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) is the process of developing intra- and inter-personal competencies in children and young people, typically in school settings. It has become a major orthodoxy in education in recent years. This chapter explores the implications of the accumulated body of research in SEL for developing effective educational practice in this area. Drawing upon an international literature base, coverage includes what research tells us about the importance of SEL, the role of schools in promoting it, how this process works to influence key proximal and distal outcomes, the kinds of approaches and strategies that have been shown to be effective, and the centrality of different aspects of (and factors affecting) implementation. It culminates with an extended vignette (following Lendrum, Humphrey, Kalambouka, & Wigelsworth, 2009), the intention of which is to demonstrate what SEL might look like in a school in which research knowledge is routinely used to inform practice.
Examine the Role of Data Mining in Achieving the Goals of Knowledge Management in Organization
Authors: Hajizadeh Saeed , Tehrani Mona Toloue , Bagheri Amir Hossein
Published: February 2015

Change of attitude of organizations' managers toward human forces (as human capitals and resources) as well as technological advancement and accumulation of information in organizations reflects the necessity of valuing knowledge management. On the other hand, extraction of necessary, appropriate information and turning them into the knowledge required by organizations for making decisions, visioning the strategic future, and creating competitive advantage calls for application of new methods. Data mining is the means used by organizations and managers to extract knowledge from a pile of information stored in a knowledge-base management system. The present survey study is a descriptive research. The statistical population for this research included 110 employees and managers of the headquarters of the Bank Saderat Iran. In order to discover facts and expand the questionnaire statements the principal component analysis (PCA) method and linear structural relations (LISREL) were employed. Research findings revealed that the data mining technique, as a very important means of knowledge management, leaves a positive significant effect on the attainment of knowledge management goals of organizations through usage of knowledge resources.
Fuzzy Classification of Customer Insolvency in Mobile Telecommunication
Authors: Moudani Walid , Zaarour Grace , Mora-Camino Félix
Published: February 2015

This paper proposes a predictive model to handle customer insolvency in advance for large mobile telecommunication companies for the purpose of minimizing their losses while preserving an overall satisfaction of the customers which may have important consequences on the quality and on the consume return of the operations. A new mathematical formulation taking into consideration a set of business rules and the satisfaction of the customers is proposed. However, the customer insolvency is defined to be a classification problem since our main purpose is to categorize the customer in one of the two classes: potentially insolvent or potentially solvent. Therefore, a model with precise business prediction using the knowledge discovery and Data Mining techniques on an enormous heterogeneous and noisy data is proposed. A fuzzy approach to evaluate and analyze the customer behavior leading to segment them into groups that provide better understanding of customers is developed. These groups with many other significant variables feed into a classification algorithm based on Rough fuzzy Sets technique to classify the customers. A real case study is considered here, followed by analysis and comparison of the results for the reason to select the best classification model that maximizes the accuracy for insolvent customers and minimizes the error rate in the misclassification of solvent customers.
A New Approach for Coronary Artery Diseases Diagnosis Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Mokeddem Sidahmed , Atmani Baghdad , Mokaddem Mostéfa
Published: February 2015

Feature Selection (FS) has become the motivation of much research on decision support systems areas for which datasets with large number of features are analyzed. This paper presents a new method for the diagnosis of Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) founded on Genetic Algorithm (GA) wrapper Bayes Naïve (BN). Initially, thirteen attributes were involved in predicting CAD. In GA–BN algorithm, GA produces in each iteration a subset of attributes that will be evaluated using the BN in the second step of the selection procedure. The final result set of attribute holds the most pertinent feature model that increases the accuracy. The accuracy results showed that the algorithm produces 85.50% classification accuracy in the diagnosis of CAD. Therefore, the strength of the Algorithm is then compared with other machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and C4.5 decision tree Algorithm. The result of classification accuracy for those algorithms are respectively 83.5%, 83.16% and 80.85%. Then, the GA wrapper BN Algorithm is similarly compared with other FS algorithms. The Obtained results have shown very favorable outcomes for the diagnosis of CAD.
Two-Phase Usability Evaluation of Insurance Website Prototypes
Authors: Chen Weichao , Paul Anindita , Kibaru Francis , Ma Yanfei , Saparova Dinara
Published: February 2015

This paper discusses the various challenges encountered during iterative testing of an insurance company's home page prototypes. The study focuses on the methodology details, including the selection of prototypes and usability evaluation methods and the considerations for practical trade-offs. During Phase 1, six individual think-aloud interviews were conducted to compare three prototypes. Participants were asked to complete tasks on the prototypes. Based on the findings from Phase 1, three prototypes were developed. In Phase 2, an online survey was administered with existing customers to compare these three prototypes. Survey responses indicated that content, layout, and visual appearance were most influential on users' preferences of the designs. At the end of our paper, we compare the implementation and the results of usability evaluation and the prototypes in the two phases and discuss the limitations of the study.
Essential Functionalities for Commercial Internet Presence
Authors: Ferreira Alexandre , Antunes Francisco
Published: February 2015

A balanced implementation of functionalities within a commercial internet presence is important, because of not only the involved complexity and cognitive load required in their use, but also for financial reasons. Investing money on features (e.g., software modules, programming time, maintenance and update, etc.) that are not valued by online consumers, hinders an efficient allocation of resources, especially when financial resources are scarce, a situation that corresponds too many small businesses operating on the internet. However, literature provides little help for managers to decide which functionalities should be implemented, according to a rational basis. Within this context, this research sought to fill in the gap between literature review and the need for helping companies to understand better how to build and keep online businesses. The authors work identified 16 essential functionalities grouped into four sets: order processing, advertising and prominence, product analysis, and payment.
Personalized Monitors for Real-Time Detection of Physiological States
Authors: Chow Lawrence , Bambos Nicholas , Gilman Alex , Chander Ajay
Published: February 2015

The authors introduce an algorithmic framework to process real-time physiological data using nonparametric Bayesian models under the context of developing and testing personalized wellness monitors. A wearable device aggregates signals from various sensors while periodically transmitting the collected data to a backend server, which builds custom user profiles based on inferred hidden Markov states. They discuss how these user profiles can be used in various contexts as proxies for fluctuating physiological states and leveraged for various longitudinal classification tasks. Using data collected in a two-week study hosted at Jaslok Hospital, the authors show how physiological changes induced by different environments with various levels of stress can be quantified by the authors' platform. To minimize the dependence on continuous connectivity with the backend server, they introduce a heuristic to enable real-time state identification using the modest processing capabilities of the wearable device.
Extending Lifetime of Biomedical Wireless Sensor Networks using Energy-Aware Routing and Relay Nodes
Authors: Abreu Carlos , Mendes P. M.
Published: February 2015

Biomedical wireless sensor networks are a key technology to enable the development of new healthcare services and/or applications, reducing costs and improving the citizen's quality of life. However, since they deal with health data, such networks should implement mechanisms to enforce high levels of quality of service. In most cases, the sensor nodes that form such networks are small and battery powered, and these extra quality of service mechanisms mean significant lifetime reduction due to the extra energy consumption. The network lifetime is thus a relevant feature to ensure the necessary quality of service requirements. In order to maximise the network lifetime, and its ability to offer the required quality of service, new strategies are needed to increase the energy efficiency, and balance in the network. The focus of this work goes to the effective use of the available energy in each node, combined with information about the reliability of the wireless links, as a metric to form reliable and energy-aware routes throughout the network. This paper present and discusses two different deployment strategies using energy-aware routing and relay nodes, assessed for different logical topologies. The authors' conclusion is that the use of energy-aware routing combined with strategic placed relay nodes my increase the network lifetime as high as 45%.
Low Power Listening in BAN
Authors: Mijovic Stefan , Stajkic Andrea , Cavallari Riccardo , Buratti Chiara
Published: February 2015

This paper presents an implementation of a Low Power Listening-based (LPL) Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol on a platform for Body Area Network (BAN) applications. LPL exploits the transmission of a burst of short packets, called preambles, to synchronize the transmitter and the receiver. In this way, devices are able to spend most of the time in sleeping mode, providing longer lifetime and energy saving. Experiments on the field have been conducted by considering different scenarios and results, in terms of average energy consumed per packet transmitted/received, packet loss rate, average delay and network throughput, have been investigated. Conclusions regarding the proper parameters setting depending on the application requirements were derived. This work has been performed in the framework of the FP7 Integrated Project, WiserBAN.
A Review on Semantic Text and Multimedia Retrieval and Recent Trends
Authors: Menemencioğlu Oğuzhan , Orak İlhami Muharrem
Published: February 2015

Semantic web works on producing machine readable data and aims to deal with large amount of data. The most important tool to access the data which exist in web is the search engine. Traditional search engines are insufficient in the face of the amount of data that consists in the existing web pages. Semantic search engines are extensions to traditional engines and overcome the difficulties faced by them. This paper summarizes semantic web, concept of traditional and semantic search engines and infrastructure. Also semantic search approaches are detailed. A summary of the literature is provided by touching on the trends. In this respect, type of applications and the areas worked for are considered. Based on the data for two different years, trend on these points are analyzed and impacts of changes are discussed. It shows that evaluation on the semantic web continues and new applications and areas are also emerging. Multimedia retrieval is a newly scope of semantic. Hence, multimedia retrieval approaches are discussed. Text and multimedia retrieval is analyzed within semantic search.
Bridging Women Rights Networks
Authors: Yuce Serpil T. , Agarwal Nitin , Wigand Rolf T. , Lim Merlyna , Robinson Rebecca S.
Published: February 2015

In recent mass protests such as the Arab Spring and Occupy movements, protesters used social media to spread awareness, coordinate, and mobilize support. Social media-assisted collective action has attracted much attention from journalists, political observers, and researchers of various disciplines. In this article, the authors study transnational online collective action through the lens of inter-network cooperation. The authors analyze interaction and support between the women's rights networks of two online collective actions: ‘Women to Drive' (primarily Saudi Arabia) and ‘Sexual Harassment' (global). Methodologies used include: extracting each collective action's social network from blogs authored by female Muslim bloggers (23 countries), mapping interactions among network actors, and conducting sentiment analysis on observed interactions to provide a better understanding of inter-network support. The authors examine these two distinct but overlapped networks of collective actions and discover that brokering and bridging processes can facilitate the diffusion of information, coalition formation, and the expansion of the networks. The broader goal of the study is to examine the dynamics between interconnected collective actions. This research contributes to understanding the mobilization of social movements in digital activism and the role of cooperative networks in online collective action.
Research and Implementation of an IEEE 1588 PTP-Based Time Synchronization System for Chinese Experimental Ocean Observatory Network
Authors: Li Dejun , Wang Jun , Zhang Zhifeng , Yang Canjun , Jin Bo , Chen Yanhu
Published: February 2015

AbstractWith time synchronization becoming an important feature of cabled ocean observatory networks, an innovative approach using the IEEE 1588 standard featuring the precision timing protocol (PTP) is proposed. Both boundary clock (BC) and transparent clock (TC) based on
PTP are analyzed, and the framework of a synchronization system mainly consisting of a shore station section, a junction box layer, and a science instrument layer is presented. The proposed time synchronization system was applied and tested on a laboratory setup of the Experimental Underwater
Observatory Network System of China. Results indicate that the time accuracy of the proposed system satisfies the needs of the observatory networks either in BC mode or TC mode, and the time accuracy is better in TC mode, especially when the network structure becomes more complex.
Optimized Diving Velocity and Depth Control for Diver's Automatic Buoyancy Control Device
Authors: Rižnar Matej , Valenko Darko , Golob Marjan , Muškinja Nenad
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this article, the design and multiobjective optimization of a non-model-based proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control system for diver's buoyancy control device (BCD) is presented. Changing and maintaining depth is an essential task in diving, for which
the diver typically uses manual control of two pneumatic valves. An effective automatic control of the BCD can be beneficial in specific diving circumstances; i.e., in amateur diving, safety stop procedures, automatic ascending in case of critical life functions of the diver, poor visibility,
when both of the diver's hands are required for other tasks, etc. In addition to multiple control problems caused by internal nonlinear dynamics of the BCD hardware, three main control aspects were considered: position or depth of the BCD; vertical, meaning the ascending or descending velocity
of the BCD; and air supply consumption. From that, we examined and implemented a combined depth and vertical velocity control, which was configured as a cascaded controller setup with outer depth and inner vertical velocity control loops. Such controller setup could easily implement the specified
limitations of the BCD's vertical velocity, which are critical for proper decompression procedure while the diver is ascending. In a simulation environment the optimization of the controller parameters was achieved with a differential evolution global optimum search algorithm. Obtained results
were then compared to a manually driven BCD in a simulated environment.
Demonstration of Biofouling Mitigation Methods for Long-Term Deployments of Optical Cameras
Authors: Joslin James , Polagye Brian
Published: February 2015

AbstractBiofouling mitigation measures for optical ports can extend the duration of oceanographic deployments, but there have been few quantitative studies of field performance. Results are presented from a 4-month field test of a stereo-optical camera system intended for long-term environmental monitoring of tidal turbines. A combination of passive (copper rings and ClearSignal antifouling coating) and active (mechanical wipers) biofouling mitigation measures are implemented on the optical ports of the two cameras and four strobe illuminators. Biofouling on the optical ports is monitored qualitatively by periodic diver inspections and quantitatively by metrics describing the quality of the images captured by cameras with different antifouling treatments. During deployment, barnacles colonized almost every surface of the camera system, except the optical ports with fouling mitigation measures. The effectiveness of the biofouling mitigation measures suggests that 4-month deployment durations are possible, even during conditions that would otherwise lead to severe fouling and occlusion of optical ports.
Estimation of Reliability of Underwater Polymetallic Nodule Mining Machine
Authors: Varshney Nidhi , Rajesh Siva , Aarthi Anantha Padmanabhan , Ramesh Narayanmurthy Renganayahi , Vedachalam Narayanswamy , Ramadass Gidugu Ananda , Atmanand Malayath Aravindakshan
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper presents the reliability analysis carried out on the subsystems of the underwater polymetallic nodule mining machine developed by National Institute of Ocean Technology, India, which is being enhanced for polymetallic nodule mining technology demonstration
at 6,000-m water depth in the Central Indian Ocean Basin, where manganese nodules are available in abundance. The mining machine, which is a tracked vehicle, was successfully demonstrated at a water depth of 512 m, wherein the nodules are collected, crushed, and pumped to the mother vessel.
Reliable long-term operation at 6,000 m is the key factor, as retrieval of the system to the top side for rectification is costly and time-consuming. It is identified that the reliability of the 6,000-m-rated mining machine subsystems could be improved by the use of localized control power,
redundant electronics, and hydraulic systems. It is estimated that, with the suggested improvements, the probability of failure of the systems involved in vehicle maneuvering, mineral crushing, and pumping could be reduced from 91%, 88.8%, and 84.59% to 68%, 57%, and 39%, respectively, when
the systems are operated for a period of 1,460 h in a year. The results serve as a guideline for 6,000-m-depth-rated mining machine system design with a trade-off on size, weight, and required level of reliability.
Evolution of Reliable and Cost-Effective Power Systems for Buoys Used in Monitoring Indian Seas
Authors: Venkatesan Ramasamy , Vedachalam Narayanaswamy , Muthiah Manickavasagam Arul , Kesavakumar Balakrishnan , Sundar Ranganathan , Atmanand Malayath Aravindakshan
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis paper details the evolution of reliable and cost-effective data buoy power systems used for environment monitoring applications in the Indian seas. A reliable power system is the key requirement for offshore moored buoys involved in meteorological and tsunami
monitoring missions, as unavailability of the operating power results in loss of time-critical data and can have serious impact on societal protection and, in addition, results in costly repairs and reinstallations. As a significant development and driven by stringent IEC 61508 Safety Integrity
Level (SIL) standards, a Generation III power system was able to meet the required SIL 4 reliability requirements compared to the Generation I system that complied only with SIL 1. It is found that by using a suggested four slot annual maintenance plan, an operating Generation III hybrid power
system, and lead acid batteries powered by solar energy and backed by Lithium thionyl chloride batteries, in addition to meeting the required SIL 4 reliability levels, the energy cost of transmission is reduced to U.S. $1.7 per data set, compared to U.S. $2.7 in the Generation
II systems. Ongoing efforts in increasing the green footprint in futuristic systems are detailed. The study provides confidence in the power system’s reliable, cost-effective and eco-friendly support to India’s Ocean Observation Network program.
Guidelines for the marketing of independent schools in South Africa
Authors: Immelman Reaan , Roberts-Lombard Mornay
Published: February 2015

Objective: The primary objective of the study is to recommend marketing guidelines for independent primary schools, with the focus on product and people in the marketing mix. This objective was achieved by identifying choice factors influencing parents’ selection of independent primary schools, identifying the most important choice factors and demographic differences regarding the importance parents attached to these factors.Problem investigated: Some independent schools in South Africa find it difficult to market themselves effectively as a result of a lack of information pertaining to the choice factors identified by parents when selecting independent primary schools. A comprehensive set of choice factors will provide a more accurate picture of the criteria parents perceive as important in independent school selection.Methodology: The methodological approach followed was exploratory and quantitative in nature. The sample consisted of 669 respondents from 30 independent schools in Gauteng in South Africa. A structured questionnaire, with a five-point Likert scale, was fielded to gather the data. The descriptive and factor analysis approaches were used to analyse the results.Findings and implications: The main finding is that a total of 29 different choice factors were identified that parents perceive as important when selecting an independent primary school. The most important factor for parents when making a choice is the small size of the classes, followed by the religious ethos of the school as well as qualified and committed educators. This indicates that parents have a comprehensive set of choice factors and implies that a better understanding of these factors by independent schools may assist them to focus their marketing efforts more optimally in order to attract new learners.Originality and value of the research: Very little research exists with specific reference to independent school marketing in South Africa. The importance of the research study at hand stems from the fact that some parents are dissatisfied with the public schools system, stimulating the demand for independent schools in the country. The increased level of competition amongst independent schools in South Africa therefore necessitates that these schools gain knowledge on the choice factors of parents when selecting such a school. This will assist independent primary schools in the development and design of their individual marketing strategies when recruiting new learners.
The state of international management research in South African management journals
Authors: Vögel Adolf J.
Published: February 2015

Orientation: It is considered important to take stock periodically of the present channels available for communication of scholarly discourse and research, something that has not been done in international management in South Africa.Research purpose: This study aimed to not only identify the gaps in South African international management research, but also to serve as a source of international management research with a South African focus in order to aid future South African international management research.Motivation for the study: As South African business become more global and international management plays a more central role in business practice, the importance and relevance of international management increases, thus necessitating a greater research focus on international management.Research design, approach and method: A content analysis was conducted on the 1313 articles published in the seven South African management journals between 2004 and 2013.Main findings: Not only is a mere 2.7% of all articles published in the seven South African management journals between 2004 and 2013 focused on international management, but there was also a decline in the number of international management articles published.Contributions/value-add: This study will not only help to identify the gaps in international management research in South Africa, but will also serve as a source of South African international management research for future researchers and academics.
Reflective practitioners: The importance of critical thought for change agents
Authors: Gibson Terry
Published: February 2015

Investment of resources in international development continues to grow, but evidence suggests that progress is patchy and that parameters such as losses resulting from disasters of all scales continue to grow. It is suggested that critical thought and reflection, as an adjunct to action, is vital for both individuals and organisations concerned for social development. It is further argued that disruption is often required in order to dynamically pursue transformation of structures and institutions in order to secure progress towards sustainable livelihoods.
Standing up to Bullies
Authors: O'Donnell Michael P.
Published: February 2015

How should we deal with bullies? How should we deal with people who wage personal attacks on decent people to create attention for themselves in the guise of having more insight and integrity than all of the rest of us? This is an issue we need to deal with for the first time in the field of workplace health promotion. The way we deal with it may shape the direction of our field in the future and the character we bring to our individual work.
An Ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure: Ergonomics in Dental Practice
Authors: Ramdurg Praveenkumar , Mendigeri Vijaylaxmi , Puranik Surekha
Published: February 2015

Dentists and dental hygienists are at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders compared to the general population. The most frequent injuries occur in the spine (neck and back), shoulders, elbows and hands. While specific procedures place the clinician at increased risk for finger and hand injuries, poor posture is a risk factor with all procedures. Sitting in an appropriate chair, using magnification for visualization, and the selection of ergonomically-friendly equipment are essential for the health of dental clinicians. Ergonomics is the science of designing jobs, equipment and workplaces to fit workers. Proper ergonomics design is necessary to prevent repetitive strain injuries, which can develop over time and can lead to long term disability. This article includes musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and the signs, symptoms and risk factors of these types of injuries, so that one can be aware of developing problems and can change his /her approach to work or alter the workstation setup to prevent further injury. The article discusses the applications of ergonomics in dental clinic set up and offers different exercises to work with comfort, efficiency and ease.

How to cite this article

Ramdurg P, Mendigeri V, Puranik S. An Ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure: Ergonomics in Dental Practice. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1):37-42.
Dissociation of Shaft of Humerus from Head in Threepart Fracture Dislocation due to Stress Concentration at Intramedullary Nail End
Authors: Dhillon Mandeep , Kumar Vishal , Chouhan Devendra , Kothari Manish Kundanmal
Published: February 2015

A three-part fracture dislocation of the proximal humerus usually dissociates from the shaft at the level of the surgical neck or the anatomical neck. Dissociation from the shaft below this level has not reported in the literature before. Here we describe the injury of a middle aged patient with a three-part fracture dislocation of the humerus with dissociation of the head from the shaft at the level of proximal shaft humerus with a 25 years old Rush nail in situ. The dislocated head was found abutting the thoracic wall. This case report highlights the effect of stress concentration at intramedullary nail ends in the upper limb as well as the need for an extended approach when the dislocated head appears close to the thoracic wall.

How to cite this article

Chouhan D, Kumar V, Kothari MK, Dhillon MS. Dissociation of Shaft of Humerus from Head in Three-part Fracture Dislocation due to Stress Concentration at Intramedullary Nail End. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(1): 46-48.
Simulation of future climate under changing temporal covariance structures
Authors: Leeds W. B. , Moyer E. J. , Stein M. L.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. A growing body of evidence indicates that anthropogenic greenhouse gases are changing Earth's climate, and that those changes may involve not only changes in climatic means but also in variability. Climate models may be informative about these future changes, but their use is complicated by the fact that they do not capture variability in current climate well. Many methods have therefore been developed to combine models and data in simulations of future climate, but current methods generally account only for changes in marginal variation and do not capture projected changes in correlation (spatial, temporal, spatiotemporal). We develop here a procedure to simulate future daily mean temperature that modifies climate observations based on changes in the mean and spectral density suggested by climate model output, and illustrate our methodology with projections from the CCSM3 (Community Climate System 3) climate model. We are able to simulate a future climate with changing temporal covariance while largely retaining non-Gaussian features of the observations. Our results suggest that in CCSM3, at most locations and most timescales, variability in daily mean temperature decreases under anthropogenic warming. The methodology presented here applies only to fully equilibrated future climate states, but may be extended to simulating transient states as well.
Large-scale atmospheric forcing and topographic modification of precipitation rates over High Asia – a neural-network-based approach
Authors: Gerlitz L. , Conrad O. , Böhner J.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. The heterogeneity of precipitation rates in high-mountain regions is not sufficiently captured by state-of-the-art climate reanalysis products due to their limited spatial resolution. Thus there exists a large gap between the available data sets and the demands of climate impact studies. The presented approach aims to generate spatially high resolution precipitation fields for a target area in central Asia, covering the Tibetan Plateau and the adjacent mountain ranges and lowlands. Based on the assumption that observed local-scale precipitation amounts are triggered by varying large-scale atmospheric situations and modified by local-scale topographic characteristics, the statistical downscaling approach estimates local-scale precipitation rates as a function of large-scale atmospheric conditions, derived from the ERA-Interim reanalysis and high-resolution terrain parameters. Since the relationships of the predictor variables with local-scale observations are rather unknown and highly nonlinear, an artificial neural network (ANN) was utilized for the development of adequate transfer functions. Different ANN architectures were evaluated with regard to their predictive performance. The final downscaling model was used for the cellwise estimation of monthly precipitation sums, the number of rainy days and the maximum daily precipitation amount with a spatial resolution of 1 km2. The model was found to sufficiently capture the temporal and spatial variations in precipitation rates in the highly structured target area and allows for a detailed analysis of the precipitation distribution. A concluding sensitivity analysis of the ANN model reveals the effect of the atmospheric and topographic predictor variables on the precipitation estimations in the climatically diverse subregions.